bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEDICAMENTOS PSICOTRÓPICOS E A SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM O SISTEMA ESTOMATOGNÁTICO NA PANDEMIA DO COVID – 19: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Franco Amanda Gonçalves , Gabriel Costa Gomes Flávio , Aisla Ricardo Fernandes Giovana , Batista Gonçalves Franco Aline , Coeli Cançado Peixoto Pires Regina
Published: July 2022

O consumo de psicofármacos na população mundial apresentou um crescimento acentuado na última década. Essa alta possivelmente relaciona-se com surgimento de novas medicações, ampliação das indicações terapêuticas, bem como crescimento do número de diagnósticos de doenças depressivas na população em geral, em especial a mais jovem. Ademais, o cenário global contemporâneo conta com a pandemia do Coronavírus, que corrobora com a intensificação dos sentimentos de medo e angústia, uma vez que o momento é caracterizado por incertezas e mudanças. O propósito desse estudo foi associar o aumento do uso desses medicamentos às manifestações de alterações no sistema estomatognático, de pacientes odontológicos durante o período pandêmico. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura nos bancos de dados Scielo, PudMed, Medline e Bireme no período de 2000 a 2021. No presente momento, o isolamento prolongado e as tensões causadas pela COVID-19, além de trazerem impactos psicológicos negativos aos indivíduos, contribuíram para o aumento das manifestações de patologias orais. A xerostomia, os problemas periodontais e o bruxismo são alguns exemplos, como relatam os trabalhos. Concluiu-se que, com a pandemia do Covid-19, o número de pessoas que passaram a fazer administração de medicamentos psicotrópicos cresceu de modo significativo. Sob essa ótica, as manifestações de alterações no sistema estomatognático podem estar relacionadas com essa realidade, que comumente pode estar associada ao uso desses fármacos.
OCLUSÃO DO CATETER INTRAVASCULAR PARA HEMODIÁLISE
Authors: De Souza Larissa Beatriz Francisca , Da Cruz Maria de Lourdes Alves , Miranda Lucas Felipe dos Santos , Dos Anjos Júlia Silva Fonseca , De Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Relatar os cuidados de enfermagem em pacientes com obstrução de cateter venoso central para hemodiálise. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido durante a participação em um projeto de extensão universitária em serviços de nefrologia na região Nordeste do Brasil. As atividades ocorreram durante os meses de outubro e novembro do ano de 2021, em uma unidade de nefrologia ambulatorial e uma unidade de diálise de um hospital geral. Resultados: Os resultados e discussões foram organizados e apresentados em três subtópicos: Avaliação do cateter venoso central para hemodiálise; Manutenção do cateter venoso central para hemodiálise e Manejo frente a oclusão do cateter venoso central para hemodiálise. Considerações finais: A prática assistencial do enfermeiro é essencial para o desenvolvimento de cuidados que visam a segurança do paciente em hemodiálise, especificamente na avaliação, manutenção e prevenção da oclusão do cateter intravascular, através de cuidados de baixo custo, não invasivos e eficazes, baseados em evidências científicas.
Economic Protectionist State Policy: An Analysis of Its Enduring Practices in the Contemporary International Trade Relations
Authors:   Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Cangara Abdul Razaq , Darwis Darwis
Published: July 2022

State protectionism in international trade relations has gained momentum and impacted global trade flows. The negative repercussion is inevitable as it contributes to the global economic downturn and slow global economic growth. The global economic rebound is expected to have occurred, still, it faces a magnificent impediment to being realized. Many major economies - including the US, China, Japan, and EU- which glorify the importance of free trade to raise global prosperity are even leading in exerting protectionist policy in their trade relations and thus influencing the increasing global trend of its practices. This article thus orients to investigate the root causes behind the increasing practices of state protectionism, which have negative consequences and endure slow global economic growth, by raising the issue of “why does protectionism still exist despite being criticized as suboptimal compared to free trade?”. In investigating this issue, this article employs the theoretical approach of state protectionism and instigate three main proposition based on it. This article argues that the enduring state protectionism is mainly caused by WTO's diminishing credibility in the world trade governance, the global financial crisis (GFC) 2008 occurrence, and the US rising anti-trade rhetoric that induced the domino effect of economic populism and protectionism. This article will proceed as follows. It will detail the background of contemporary state protectionism and briefly review the state protectionism theoretical approach. Eventually, it will analyze the fundamental causes behind the enduring state protectionist approach in contemporary international trade relations.
Teachers’ Views on Guidance and Counseling Services at Schools during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors:   Ministry of National Education (Turkey), Siirt University (Turkey), Kuş Metin , Aydin Mehmet Kemal ,   Hitit University (Turkey)
Published: July 2022

With the emergence of Covid-19 pandemic, guidance and counseling services at schools have been impeded. In line with this, teachers’ experiences and views on counselling services have gained importance since they tried to reach the students via online teaching platforms in most cases. The main purpose of this study is to reveal challenges and opportunities encountered by the teacher counsellors in the implementation of guidance and counseling services remotely during the global pandemic. To achieve this overarching aim, two research questions (RQ) were addressed. This descriptive qualitative study employed both qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis for qualitative data analysis process. The participants of the study were 56 counselor teachers who accepted to participate in the study. Data collected through online google survey form. Findings illustrated that 18 subcategories were gathered under the challenges category. We extracted 13 subcategories with different frequencies under opportunities category. As for the thematic analyses results, we identified 4 themes and 21 subcategories under the school counselors’ opinions about challenges encountered however, there were 2 themes and 10 subcategories under the school counselors’ opinions about opportunities encountered. As a result, challenges included school counselors’ quest for supportive, clear direction and job description in a virtual classroom setting. Opportunities included elimination of the time-space-distance restrictions, in-service training opportunities and ease of access to those services.
Recycling sustainability on organizational performance of publishing firms: a survey-based approach
Authors: Kifordu Anthony Anyibuofu
Published: July 2022

This is an empirical study focusing on the impact of recycling sustainability on Nigeria's performance. To achieve the goals of this study, samples from 10 publishers in four major cities in Delta were taken. These cities include Asaba, Warri, Sapele and Obara. Given that Nigeria is a regional publishing centre in West Africa and newspaper publications are sold throughout the region, Nigeria's educational book publishers also dominate the regional market. The industry accounts for about 10% of GDP and is one of the fastest-growing companies in the manufacturing industry. Unfortunately, Nigeria does not produce most of the raw materials for the release. All paper materials used in Nigeria are imported, reducing the reliability of sources and increasing costs. In addition, the Nigerian publishing industry faces a high percentage of waste and returns. This study focused on the impact of recycling sustainability adoption as a possible solution to lower raw material costs, higher costs and higher response rates. We used a stratified random sampling approach and a descriptive study design. The survey was distributed as a data collection tool, which was pre-tested and informed about the design and layout of the survey before the final test began. To test the hypothesis, we conducted data analysis and expressed results and recommendations for solving the research agenda. The results show that if recycling sustainability is adopted and implemented in Nigeria, it will have a positive and significant impact on organizational performance.
Relationship marketing and tax compliance level
Authors: Aliku Ifeanyi Harold , Morka Ogor
Published: July 2022

This study while focusing on revenue context rather than financial looked at relationship marketing and tax compliance in Delta state organizations. Trust commitment communication and empathy were the variables used to measure the influence of relationship marketing on revenue generation. The study an extant literature review and qualitative adopted a mixed research method. The findings revealed a significant relationship between the independent variables and dependent variables.  The study consequently recommended after the reviews that the sub-variables should be sustained to enhance revenue generation and organizational effectiveness.
El giro digital en la historia del libro.
Authors: Vega Fabián
Published: July 2022

Entre 1980 y 1990, Roger Chartier y Robert Darnton sentaron las bases para un nuevo programa y metodología de investigación de la historia cultural del libro y la lectura. En años recientes han aparecido varios proyectos que utilizan una metodología sustancialmente diferente y que, en el marco de un giro digital, se apartan del paradigma tipográfico de investigación. Trabajan con grandes cantidades de información, utilizan visualizaciones, son colaborativos, incluyen como miembros a profesionales técnicos, incorporan tecnologías de georreferenciación y publican sus resultados en sitios web. Su característica principal es que constituyen complejas bases de datos sobre los libros del pasado. Cumplen muchos de los objetivos del programa de investigación creado durante las décadas de los 1980 y 1990 y, al utilizar las funcionalidades y facilidades de la textualidad digital, muestran evidentes ventajas. No obstante, su propuesta metodológica presenta dificultades y desafíos, en especial para incluir la lectura y la recepción.
La retórica en el mundo chino, entre la oralidad y la escritura
Authors: Hosne Ana Carolina
Published: July 2022

Este artículo se centra en el análisis de una de las primeras traducciones y definiciones de la retórica en China hechas por un jesuita italiano, Giulio Aleni (1582-1649), en su tratado el Compendio de Saberes de Occidente (Xixue fan) (Hangzhou, 1623). Al mismo tiempo, el análisis de este tratado nos remite a otras problemáticas. Nos referimos, sobre todo, a un debate que ocupó a un grupo considerable de académicos en el área de estudios chinos, que objetan el “monopolio” de la retórica por parte del mundo occidental, ya que sostienen que también hubo una retórica en China desde el período pre-imperial. A partir del tratado Xixue fan de Aleni, así como del análisis de los estudios partidarios de la existencia de la retórica en China, este artículo se propone reflexionar sobre su existencia entre dos mundos, el europeo y el chino, en una tensión entre la oralidad y la escritura.
Datos del Anuario
Authors: Anuario Datos
Published: July 2022

Datos del Anuario n° 20
The Reform of Certain Aspects of the UN Peacekeeping Activities as a Factor of Increasing the Effectiveness of Local Peace-Building and Regional Development (Case of the UN Operation in the Central African Republic)
Authors: Shanchenko Ekaterina
Published: July 2022

In this article the author analyses in detail the UN peacemaking activities illustrated by the example of the MINUSCA peacekeeping mission in the Central African Republic (CAR). Today the mission has achieved the following results: presidential and legislative elections have been held, cooperation with neighboring states has been established, UN cooperation with local security agencies is advancing, conditions for the protection of natural resources have been assured, conflict mitigation activities for the local population are being organized. However, there is no progress in a number of areas, which is consequently connected with such intrastructural problems of the UN as duplication of functions and responsibilities in various UN departments, lack of representation of African countries in UN administrative structures, the issue of compliance with the UN mandate while implementing this mandate in a civil war. Not only will the solution of these problems increase the effectiveness of the UN peacekeeping mission in the CAR, it will also increase the level of security in Africa as a whole.
المكانة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية للإماء في العراق القديم
Authors: احمد سلمان الباوي حسين
Published: July 2022

تطرق هذا البحث الى الإماء في المجتمع العراقي القديم، وكيفية جلبهن الى مدن ما بين النهرين، فضلاً عن نسبتهن الى افراد المجتمع العراقي، ومكانتهن والادوار التي اضطلعن بها، وانواع المهن التي قمن بها، والعلاقات الاجتماعية بينهن وبين باقي فئات المجتمع، والحقوق التي حازتها الاماء وفقاً لقوانين العراق القديم، كما تناول البحث العلاقة بين الإماء والديانات العراقية القديمة.
الخطاب المنبري الموجه للمرأة العراقية بين الاعتدال والتطرف
Authors: مطير حسن المياح ناهضة
Published: July 2022

يعالج البحث طبيعة الخطاب الذي وجهه اصحاب المنابر من الخطباء بعد (2003م)  أتجاه النساء ، هل كان يحاكي طبيعة المرأة ومعاناتها، أم تشدد في قضاياها، لذلك حاولت جمع آراء بعض الخطباء العراقيين المعاصرين ومقارنتها وتحليلها بشكل علمي أكاديمي دون انتقاص من رأي احد فلكل منهم رأيه الخاص ، الذي ينبغي ان لا يعممه على كل النساء ، فلا بد من الوقوف على الاسباب والدوافع قبل إصدار الاحكام القاسية ضدهُنَّ ، وإلا فإن واقع الحال يُنذِر بعواقب وخيمة من جانب أغلب الخطباء الذين يَصُرُّون على تَدجينِ المرأة والانتقاص من إنسانيتها ، ومن جانب بعض النساء اللواتي يتصدَّيَنَ لمواجهتهم ، من خلال الاصرار على المُعاندة وتَخطي بعض القيم الدينية فضلا عن العادات والتقاليد ، ولعل ذلك واضح ، إذ يمكن لأي شخص الاطلاع على الوضع الذي وصلت له بعض النساء على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي ، ولا شك في انهُنَّ سيُصبحِنَ بمرور الوقت قُدواتٍ سيئة للنشئ الجديد من النساء  .
أحلام الملوك المصريين القدماء ودلالاتها
Authors: كاظم حنون فاضل , عبد الرضا كاظم حيدر
Published: July 2022

كانت للأحلام دوراً كبيراً في مصر القديمة على المستويين السياسي والاجتماعي وكان ولها مؤسساتها المتخصصة في تفسيرها، بل وصناعتها، وكانت الاحلام وسيلة لإضفاء الشرعية الدينية على بعض الحكام، ولم يكن المصريون القدماء ينظرون إلى الحلم باعتباره حدثاً نفسياً داخليا بل إنهم كانوا يعتقدون بوجود قوى خارجية غيبية، حملت الأحلام إليهم طبقاً لأحوالهم، ثم كان للحلم مغزى على المستويين العقائدي والاجتماعي ، كان هناك اعتقاد مزعج آخر مفاده أن الأحلام يمكن أن تسمح أيضًا للنائم الضعيف بمراقبة أو حتى الاعتداء من قبل القتلى المعادين ، بينما نسمي هذه الأحداث اليوم "كوابيس" ونعتبرها ظواهر نفسية. لم يُنسب سبب الأحلام إلى أي شيطان بعينه ، بل إلى العوائل العامة للموتى المعادين وغيرهم من الكائنات الفوضوية الذين عبروا من الحياة الآخرة.
الأثر التاريخي في بناء اللغة العربية
Authors: حسيب فلفل الظالمي نضال
Published: July 2022

تعد اللغة العربية ذات تراث عريق وقديم, إذ وصلت إلى وقتنا هذا بعد أن مرت بتاريخ بعيد لكنها بقيت مسيطرة على السن الأشخاص الناطقين المعاصرين  كما  كانت  تنطق على السن السابقين, وكل ما أصابها من تطور وتغيير في الدلالات والألفاظ لم يفقدها رونقها وجمالها. فنحن نقرا النصوص القديمة دون أن نشعر بقدمها وبعدها عنا من حيث المشاعر والتعبير عن الأحاسيس وان كانت اللغة العربية تختلف في بعض المفردات شكلاً ومعنى عن اللغة القديمة. اللغة البدوية الصعبة.
العوامل المؤثرة في التوظيف السياسي للمعتقدات الدينية في العصر الجاهلي ( الجزيرة العربية - أنموذجا )
Authors: مهدي مزبان اسراء , كريم عبد الله رغد
Published: July 2022

ان وقوع الأرض العربية ( المتمثلة بالجزيرة العربية ) بين الأراضي الفارسية والبيزنطية أدى الى انقسام العرب بين الإمبراطوريتين سياسيا ودينيا ، وكان قد اشتد الصراع الفارسي البيزنطي على جزيرة العرب خلال العصر الجاهلي ، حتى أصبح لها المركز الأول في مخططات القوى الاستعمارية كونها موقعا للنفوذ الدبلوماسي والاقتصادي والديني ، وميدانا للحروب المستعرة بين تلك الأطراف ، فاندفعت كل من حكومة فارس وبيزنطة الى استغلال المعتقد الديني للتأثير في العرب وجذبهم نحوهم . وعلى الرغم من جهود فارس وبيزنطة للتحكم في الانسان العربي واستغلاله في ضرب خصومهم ، من خلال ضرب المعتقد الديني لهم وتحويلهم عن ما يؤمنون به ، إلا ان بعض المناطق العربية لم تتأثر بذلك التدخل وبقيت محافظة على معتقداتها كمنطقة الحجاز والسبب الرئيسي في ذلك هو الخوف من فقدان قوتها فتلك المناطق تعتمد على الحياة البادية وتمثل العصبية القبلية أهم مرتكزاتها وهو ما يحفظ لها القوة والتغلب على منافسيهم وخصومهم .
سيرة الصِّحـابي الجليــل حُذَيفة بن اليمان
Authors: خضير شني فليح , عبد نعيم آلاء
Published: July 2022

تناولت هذه الدراسة سيرة أحد كبار الصحابة وهو حذيفة بن اليمان بدءاً بنسبه ونبذة عن عائلته وبواكير شبابه، ثم كيفية اسلامه، والدور الذي قام به في مقارعة المشركين، كما تطرقت الدراسة الى ميزاته التي دفعت الرسول (ص واله) الى افراد منزلة خاصة به، واطلاعه على امور كثيرة لم تتيسر لسواه، ثم الظروف التي تعرض لها حذيفة بعد وفاة الرسول (ص واله) حتى توليه قضاء المدائن ثم وفاته.
التعريف بأسر مدينة واسط العلمية في العصر العباسي 132- 656هـ
Authors: حسين علي السويطي محمد , شهاب علي الجعيفري حمزة
Published: July 2022

تناولت هذه الدراسة الأسر المشهورة في مدينة واسط في جميع مراحل العصر العباسي، مع التطرق لبعض اعلام تلك الأسر واسهاماتهم في ضروب العلم والمعرفة كالتاريخ والفلسفة والفن والطب وسواها من العلوم الاسلامية، وتوثق الدراسة ايضاً أثر اولئك الاعلام في كتب التراث واسهاماتهم في مدينة واسط مع التركيز على الازدهار الذي ميز واسط ابان تلك الحقبة، وحرصنا على ايراد كل ما تعلق بتلك الأسر في المصادر الاسلامية والمراجع الحديثة.
الدولة الخلدونية ( رؤية في المنهج والنظرية)
Authors: محمد شواي احلام , ناصر حسين غني
Published: July 2022

اعتمدت دراسات عدة على ابن خلدون وكان موضع اهتمام الباحثين في علم الاجتماع والتاريخ والسياسة والفلسفة وغيرها من العلوم . استنبط ابن خلدون منهج متميز في البحث العلمي ابتعد عن محاكاة المناهج الغربية. وكان له الفضل في تحقيق الاضافة والتميز العلمي في المنهج الذي اتبعه وفي البحث في العلل والاسباب للحوادث والوقائع، فكان ابن خلدون مؤرخا وسياسيا معا, ويرى ابن خلدون ان الدولة لا توجد دون حكم سياسي والعكس صحيح, وان منشأ الدولة هو المجتمع.
تطور مواد الكتابة وأثرها في ازدهار التدوين
Authors: خيري كاظم فوزي
Published: July 2022

ركز البحث على التطور التدريجي لأدوات الكتابة خلال العصور المختلفة كالورق ومراحل تطوره والقلم والأحبار المستخدمة في الكتابة، مما كان له الأثر البالغ في ازدهار التأليف والتدوين عند العلماء، هذا فضلاً عن رعاية الدولة لنتاجاتهم وتكريمهم؛ لذا فقد ازدهرت العلوم والتدوين فيها ابلغ ازدهار.

ومن البديهي أن يرافق التطور بالكتابة والتدوين، تطور أدواتها من قلم وورق وغيره من المستلزمات الضرورية، فكلما تطورت الأدوات تطور الكتابة وتقدمت، وأصبح من السهولة بمكان التأليف والنسخ ونشر الثقافة لتصل إلى الجميع دون استثناء .

ولعل أهم مرحلة في مراحل تطور مواد الكتابة هي انتقال صناعة الورق من بلدها الأصلي إلى عاصمة الثقافة والأدب والعلوم بغداد في تلك الفترة التي كانت الرائدة في تطور أغلب العلوم والفنون. ولتسليط الضوء على مراحل تطور التدوين والكتابة، فقد اخترناه ليكون موضوعاً لبحثنا هذا والذي أسميناه ((تطور مواد الكتابة وأثرها في ازدهار التدوين))، لنتعرف من خلاله على مراحل هذا التطور، مع نبذة تاريخية عنها في الحضارات القديمة، حتى منتصف العصر العباسي.
المراءة المغولية ودورها في الحياة السياسية من منظور استشراقي
Authors: سعد حنوف السويراويّ حسين
Published: July 2022

قدمت هذه الدراسة صورة مشرقة لظروف المرأة المغولية ومالكيها وتأثيرها على الحكم المغولي، وركزت على استحواذ بعض نساء المغول على الانشطة الاقتصادية وتصديهن لمهن تجارية في صميم عمل الرجال. كما تطرقت الدراسة ايضاً الى دور بعض النساء في المشاكل السياسية الخاصة بالنظام السياسي المغولي.
معاهدة التحكيم بين الولايات المتحدة وهولندا قضية جزيرة بالماس (ميانجاس) انموذجاً
Authors: سعيد البيضاني ابراهيم
Published: July 2022

ان الدراسة التاريخية لمسالة التحكيم في العلاقات الدولية تدخل في اطار التخصص والاهتمام العلمي الاكاديمي للمؤلف في مجال التاريخ الدبلوماسي وتاريخ العلاقات الدولية، كما أنها تعد منعطفا واهتماما اخر يعزز دراساته السابقة في هذا الميدان، اذ انه يقدم لأول مرة دراسات تاريخية في مجال اخر من مجالات دراسة تاريخ العلاقات الدولية، وهو مجال الدراسات التاريخية القانونية، فضلا عن ان البحث يعطي شواهد وامثلة من تجارب التحكيم الدولي، وبالتالي من توثيق الصلة بين التاريخ والقانون فان دراسة تطور القوانين وشواهد التحكيم تقدم دراسات تاريخية لمسائل قانونية مهمة يسهم في نشر وزيادة الوعي بالقانون، ومن جانب اخر يؤكد الباحث اهمية مسالة التحكيم في العلاقات الدولية والمساحة من الاهتمام التي شغلها في اطار هذه العلاقات، زيادة على ذلك فان الوثيقة التاريخية الامريكية بقيت حاضرة في هذا البحث لأهميتها في البحث لما تقدمه من افكار ومعلومات واتجاهات.
موقف الرأي العام الايراني من شركات النفط في ايران خلال العهد البهلوي
Authors: جودي غياض الفلاحي رحيم , نعمة أدريس الياسري فاهم
Published: July 2022

شهدت ايران خلال تاريخها الحديث والمعاصر تكالب القوى الاستعمارية على نهب وسلب خيراتها وثرواتها لاسيما بريطانيا، والصراع  السياسي على السلطة، الذي تمثل بمناورات رضا خان بالوصول الى السلطة، ورئيس الوزراء(قوام السلطة) المعروف بولائه لبريطانيا، كما سلط البحث الضوء على دور بعض النواب الوطنيين الايرانيين الذين وقفوا بوجه تلك الشركات، والمطامع الاستعمارية، التي عملت على النهب المنظم للنفط وحرمان الشعب الايراني  من أهم مصادر ثرواته.
التنافس الداخلي بين آل سعود وأثره في اسقاط الدولة السعودية الثانية 1865-1891
Authors: عبد حمادي الكشاوي علي
Published: July 2022

شهدت أسرة آل سعود تنافساً مريراً على السلطة في عهدها الثاني (1824-1891) بين أبناء الأمير فيصل بن تركي للمدة (1865-1891)، فبعد وفاة الأمير فيصل في عام 1865 تنافس أبناءه على الحكم حتى وصلت الأمور بينهم مرحلة النزاع المسلح، وحدثت على أثرها معارك عدة لاسيما بين عبد الله وسعود، وبعد وفاة سعود في عام 1875، تحول التنافس بين عبد الله وأخوته محمد وعبد الرحمن، فضلاً عن أولاد سعود، واستمر الوضع على ذلك الحال حتى عام 1891 عندما استغل محمد بن رشيد أمير حائل ذلك التنافس وسيطر على الرياض عاصمة آل سعود، وأنهى الدولة السعودية الثانية.
الحزب الاتحادي الديمقراطي وموقفه من التطورات السياسية في السودان ( 1944 – 1999)
Authors: نجم كوت أنتظار
Published: July 2022

عد الحزب الاتحادي الديمقراطي واحدا من أهم الأحـزاب السياسية التي كان لها دور في جميع الانظمة التي تعاقبت على حكم السـودان سـواء كنت مدنية أو عسكرية, ونتيجة لفشل التجربة الحزبية داخل المجتمع السوداني، وفقدان مصداقيتها من قبـل ابناء الشعب ادى الى أن تعقد تلك الأحزاب مكانتها تدريجيا, كما أن انعدام امكانية تلك الاحزاب في ادارة شؤون البلاد واهمالها للجوائـب الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، كان له أثره في تعرض البلاد لثلاثة انقلابات عسكرية كـان آخرها انقلاب الثلاثين من حزيران عام ١٩٨٩, برئاسة الرئيس السوداني عمر حسـن البشير, ونتيجة لفقدان الاحزاب السياسية لمراكزها السلطوية فقـد تحولت معظـم الأحزاب الى موقع المعارضة ومنها الحـزب الاتحـادي الديمقراطي, ولأهمية الدور الذي قاده الحزب في معارضته للحكومات العسكرية، فقد كرست الدراسة للتعرف إلى أهم المواقف السياسية التي أبداها الحزب تجـاه جميع الأنظمة العسكرية التي تعاقبت على حكم السودان.
Hu's characterization of metric completeness revisited
Authors: ROMAGUERA BONİLLA Salvador
Published: July 2022

In this note we show the somewhat surprising fact that the proof of the `if part' of the distinguished characterizations of metric completeness due to Kirk, and Suzuki and Takahashi, respectively, can be deduced in a straightforward manner from Hu's theorem that a metric space is complete if and only if any Banach contraction on bounded and closed subsets thereof has a fixed point. We also take advantage of this approach to easily deduce a characterization of metric completeness via fixed point theorems for $\alpha -\psi $-contractive mappings.
Validation Instrument for Qualitative Research
Authors: Bonganciso Ruel T.
Published: July 2022

Validation Instrument for Undergraduate Qualitative Research
Workshop Aplikasi Mikroprosesor dan Antarmuka
Authors: Saleh Akuwan
Published: July 2022

Pedoman belajar mikroprosesor dan antarmuka menggunakan mikrokontroler arduino dan ESP32. Dalam kaitannya dengan mikrokontroler Arduino dan ESP32, pengguna dapat memvisualisasikan data tersebut menggunakan software Processing. Visualisasi merupakan salah satu proses yang penting dalam memaknai suatu data. Data yang divisualkan dalam berbagai bentuk grafik yang sesuai (grafik garis, batang, pie, dsb.) dapat mempermudah pengguna dalam menganalisis data.
Kesuksesan dan Kejatuhan Bisnis Motorola Sang Pelopor Ponsel
Authors: Winenda Nathaniel Ryan Putra
Published: July 2022

Kesuksesan dan Kejatuhan adalah hal yang pasti dialami oleh sebuah perusahaan. Fase ini juga pernah dialami oleh perusahaan besar bernama "Motorola". Banyak hal berharga dari Motorola yang bisa kita jadikan pelajaran dalam proses berjalannya bisnis kita, agar kita tidak melakukan kesalahan yang sama, seperti yang Motorola sudah lakukan
Prospective, directional associations between Social Media Intensity, Loneliness, and Anxiety among Peruvian Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sherwin Elizabeth , Barendse Marjolein Eva Andrea , Dahl Ronald , Magis-Weinberg Lucía
Published: July 2022

The impact of social media on adolescent mental health is an area of intense interest and controversy, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic has increased youth’s reliance on online communications. Current evidence, mostly from cross-sectional studies in the Global North, is mixed. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social media and mental health in adolescents in Perú across 15 months of COVID-19 lockdowns. In this observational study, we first examined associations between social media intensity (SMI), feelings of loneliness, and anxiety at the beginning of the pandemic (May 2020) in 1603 early adolescents (10 – 14 years). Hypotheses of a positive association between all outcomes, particularly for girls, were derived from exploring one half of the sample (n =807), preregistered, and then confirmed in the second half of the sample (n = 806). In May 2020, SMI was associated with more frequent loneliness for girls, and SMI was associated with more frequent anxiety for both sexes. In a longitudinal follow up (n = 455) we then investigated prospective and directional associations across three waves (May 2020, November 2020, and July 2021). Longitudinal analyses revealed a more complex pattern. Across 15 months of COVID-19 in Perú, feelings of loneliness in girls were associated with an increase in SMI. In contrast, higher SMI among girls was associated with an increase in feelings of anxiety. We did not find the reverse relationships. Our findings with early adolescents in low-and middle-income urban settings in Latin America, an underrepresented population, underscore the importance of longitudinal research and contribute to understanding these important issues globally.
Fixation-gated Encoding Accounts for Attention Biases during Recognition and Categorization
Authors: Weichart Emily Ruth , Unger Layla , Sloutsky Vladimir , Turner Brandon
Published: July 2022

Within many theories of categorization, selective attention is described as a critical mechanism by which salient information is preferentially encoded during learning. Foundational model implementations of this idea estimate differences in encoding variability by specifying salience at the level of each dimension. We propose that overt attention during initial object presentation is a necessary condition for feature encoding, as well as subsequent retrieval of feature information at test. We present a data-constrained corollary to Medin and Shaffer's (1978) seminal context model that accounts for partial stimulus encoding, such that the storage of feature information is directly informed by gaze fixations to spatially-segregated dimensions. Using data from 232 preschool-age children to explore strategic influences of attention, we demonstrate that specifying which feature information is plausibly accessible within the category representation is sufficient for predicting recognition and categorization behavior.
Taking language science to Zoom school: Virtual outreach to elementary school students
Authors: Oppenheimer Kathleen , Salig Lauren , Thorburn Craig , Exton Erika Lynn
Published: July 2022

We describe guest speaker presentations that we developed to bring language science to elementary school students via videoconference. By using virtual backgrounds and problem-based learning, we effectively engage children as young as 7 years in in-depth explorations of language science concepts. We share the core principles that guide our presentations and report data from 157 elementary school students showing that they find our presentations interesting and educational. While our pivot to virtual outreach was motivated by the Covid-19 pandemic, it allows us to reach geographically diverse audiences, and we suggest that virtual guest speaker presentations will remain a viable and effective method of public outreach.
From Relaxed Beliefs Under Psychedelics (REBUS) to Revised Beliefs After Psychedelics (REBAS): Preliminary Development of the RElaxed Beliefs Questionnaire (REB-Q)
Authors: Zeifman Richard , Spriggs Meg J , Kettner Hannes , Lyons Taylor , Rosas Fernando , Mediano Pedro , Erritzoe David , Carhart-Harris Robin
Published: July 2022

Background: The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-encoded beliefs, and offers a unified account of the acute and therapeutic action of psychedelics. Although REBUS has received some neuroscientific support, little research has examined its psychological validity. We conducted a preliminary examination of two psychological assumptions of REBUS: (a) psychedelics foster acute relaxation and post-acute revision of confidence in mental-health-relevant beliefs; (b) this relaxation and revision facilitates positive therapeutic outcomes and is associated with the entropy of EEG signals (an index of neurophysiological mechanisms relevant to REBUS). Method: Healthy individuals (N=11) were administered 1 mg and 25 mg psilocybin 4-weeks apart. Confidence ratings for personally held negative and positive beliefs were obtained before, during, and 4-weeks after dosing sessions. Acute entropy and self-reported subjective experiences were measured, as was well-being (before and 4-weeks after dosing sessions). Results: Confidence in negative self-beliefs decreased following 25 mg psilocybin and not following 1 mg psilocybin. Entropy and subjective effects under 25 mg psilocybin correlated with decreases in negative self-belief confidence (acute and 4-weeks after dosing). Particularly strong evidence was seen for a relationship between decreases in negative self-belief confidence and increases in well-being at 4-weeks. Conclusions: We report the first empirical evidence that the relaxation and revision of negative self-belief confidence mediates positive psychological outcomes; a psychological assumption of REBUS. Replication within larger and clinical samples remains necessary. We also introduce a new measure, the Relaxed BEliefs Questionnaire (REB-Q), for examining the robustness of these preliminary findings and the utility of the REBUS model.
Associated genetics and connectomic circuitry in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Wei Yongbin , de Lange Siemon C. , Savage Jeanne , Tissink Elleke , Qi Ting , Repple Jonathan , Gruber Marius , Kircher Tilo , Dannlowski Udo , Posthuma Danielle , van den Heuvel Martijn P.
Published: July 2022

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe psychiatric conditions that can involve symptoms of psychosis and cognitive dysfunction. The two conditions share symptomatology, neuropathology, and genetic etiology and are thus regularly hypothesized to share underlying biology. Here we examined the effect of their combined genetic liability on brain connectivity from two perspectives. First, we assessed polygenic score (PGS) for SCZ and BD using genotype data from 19,778 healthy subjects from the UK Biobank, and correlated PGS to the structural brain connectome reconstructed using MRI data within the healthy population. Our findings reveal connectivity of brain circuits of superior parietal and posterior cingulate regions to be particularly associated with combined polygenic effects for SCZ and BD, circuitry that overlaps with brain networks involved in disease conditions (r = 0.239, p < 0.001). Second, conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on genotypic and imaging data from the UK Biobank revealed 9 significant genomic loci associated with SCZ-involved circuits and 14 loci associated with BD-involved circuits. Genes related to SCZ/BD-involved circuits are significantly enriched in gene sets previously reported in GWAS for SCZ and BD. Our findings jointly suggest that polygenic liability of SCZ and BD is associated with the microstructural organization of specific brain circuitry involved in both conditions.
Uncertainty from dictatorship to democracy: Evidence from business communications
Authors: Gonzalez Felipe , Coy Felipe , Prem Mounu , von Dessauer Cristine
Published: July 2022

On the eve of a democratization by election, one of the most common forms of transition, dictators can use uncertainty about the future to win political support. We study the evolution of uncertainty from dictatorship to democracy in Chile using text analysis of business communications. We construct new measures of firm-level uncertainty and compare them to perceptions of international experts. We find that uncertainty changes little around the election triggering the transition and decreases markedly after the return to democracy. The exploitation of a misperceived high uncertainty epitomizes the type of errors dictators make before elections that threaten their power.
Multidisciplinary approach in the management of neurotrauma and its sequelae
Authors: Agrawal Amit
Published: July 2022

It is well known that traumatic brain injury (TBI) can long-term consequences of major public health concern. It can be said that wide spectrum and distinct lesions resulting in variable clinical consequences make the process of post-TBI rehabilitation challenging. A patient who sustains TBI can have variable outcome ranging from complete recovery to persistent vegetative state. Between these two there is a spectrum of TBI related sequel which may be disturbed levels of consciousness, post-traumatic agitation, post-traumatic paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, posttraumatic hydrocephalus, and posttraumatic neuroendocrine dysfunctions all these requiring different rehabilitation programmes and rehabilitation approaches.
A case of Artery of Percheron infarct caused by Dengue virus encephalitis
Authors: Verma Archana , Garg Pragati , Mishra Ashutosh Kumar
Published: July 2022

In this communication, we describe a patient with dengue virus encephalitis who presented with fever and sudden onset bilateral oculomotor nerve involvement with left side hemi paresis, MRI showing bilateral thalamus and midbrain involvement (artery of Percheron infarct).
Assessment Structure, Culture and Resources at AAVMC affiliated Colleges of Veterinary Medicine in the USA
Authors: Karpen Samuel C. , Pavuluri Nina , Daugherty Kimberly K. , Rudolph Michael J. , Weck Margaret A. , Maerten-Rivera Jaime L.
Published: July 2022

While outcomes assessment is commonplace in colleges of veterinary medicine, no information is published on how veterinary colleges resource, administer, and view assessment. Consequently, this article has the following objectives: (a) to determine the current level of resources (personnel, committees, software) allocated toward education assessment and program evaluation in colleges of veterinary medicine, (b) to characterize any common organizational structures within colleges of veterinary medicine for assessment, (c) to determine assessment personnel (faculty and staff) perceptions regarding whether existing assessment resources and structures are sufficient, and (d) to examine the perceived strength of the culture of assessment. Our survey found that most assessment professionals had been in their position for 4 years or less and over 50% did not have formal assessment training. A majority of respondents agreed that assessment was encouraged and supported at their institution, but there was much less agreement on items related to formal plans and structures. For example, only one quarter of respondents reported that assessment was connected to planning and budgeting, and only one third reported having a formal assessment plan. We hope that our survey will be a resource tracking the development of assessment resources and climate at American colleges of veterinary medicine.
Role-Play as the Mode of Development of Foreign Language Presentation Skills
Authors: Skudalova Julia Igorevna , Shimichev Aleksey Sergeevich
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider role-playing in the process of foreign language training at technical universities. The introduced form of the educational process contributes to the formation of foreign language presentation skills in a professional field of a future engineer. A foreign language competence confirms a high competency of a specialist.
Role-playing business situations in an educational process are carried out on the basis of an integrated approach where knowledge from the professional field is transferred to the game with the help of a foreign language.
Methods of creating typical situations at work in the classroom contribute to the formation of a favorable environment for the development of business qualities and foreign language skills in a professional sphere.
In the course of the research a three-stage structure of role-playing, its content in relation to the stated conditions are described. Difficulties that arise during the game and possible methods to overcome them are listed.
It is concluded that role-playing related to the professional activities of future engineers motivate them to learn a foreign language and bring the learning process closer to real professional communication. The practical experience gained in the classroom will be a valuable experience for making a successful career in the field of engineering.
Using a Situational-Game Approach at the English Lessons in the Secondary General School
Authors: Lestenko Alexandra Olegovna
Published: July 2022

The article considers the features of using the situational-game approach as a means of forming lexical skills in English language lessons at the secondary school level.
The aim of the work is to study the use of a situational-game approach in teaching English to develop the lexical skills of a student studying at a secondary school, to propose and test methodically during the experiment techniques that should increase the effectiveness of teaching.
In accordance with the goal, the following tasks were formed: to develop a set of exercises for teaching grade 6 students foreign language vocabulary using a situational-game approach; to apply a situational-game approach in English lessons.
The theoretical significance of the work consists in a systematic approach to teaching lexical means, formulation of requirements for working with these means at the stages of training and output to speech, development of new ways of generalization and activation of lexical material.
The practical significance of the work is connected with the fact that the results of the study can be used directly in the educational process when teaching foreign language vocabulary in the conditions of secondary school, contributes to improving the efficiency of the process of teaching the Russian language.
The article presents examples of the use of situational-game approach in English lessons in the 6th grade of secondary school. During the experiment, all the goals and objectives were achieved, and the expediency of the proposed set of pedagogical conditions for the effective implementation of the system of formation of lexical skills in schoolchildren by using a situational-game approach in the process of learning English was confirmed.
Based on the above, it can be concluded that the use of a situational-game approach when studying vocabulary in English lessons gives a positive dynamic, and also solves all the tasks.
Digital Educational Consulting in the Professional Training of Future Teachers
Authors: Golikova Natalia Dmitrievna
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the problem of professional training of future teachers in the conditions of digitalization of education. Particular attention is paid to changes in the structure and process of education due to the rapid development of new technologies, as well as the active informatization and digitalization of society. The authors emphasize the possibilities of digital educational consulting as one of the young areas, through which it is possible to minimize risks and create conditions for pedagogical support of both future teachers and young professionals.
The aim of this study is to identify the significance of information and educational consulting in the professional training of future teachers.
Materials and methods of research: theoretical methods (analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature on the topic of research) were used in the research.
Results of the study and discussion: the activities of educational institutions of higher education for adaptability to new conditions and enterprises of various actions regarding the training of competitive and adapted to the new realities of graduates of teacher training areas were analyzed; various sources were analyzed to identify the essence and semantic characteristics of the concept of «digital competence»; the essence and role of digital educational consulting in professional training were outlined
Conclusions: the most advantageous way to solve the problems associated with the preparation of future teachers in the digital transformation of education is the use of a new direction in the field of consulting – «digital educational consulting», which provides skilled support for the subjects of the educational process based on the use of digital resources and digital technologies.
Ethno-cultural Night Festival "Open Your Heart to the World!" in Multicultural Education of Students
Authors: Kornilova Natalia Alekseevna , Semenova Yana Gennadevna
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to describe the experience of Night Fest «Open your heart to the world» at Mari State University. Representatives from 35 countries of the world study here: Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, India, Comoros, Kyrgyzstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Sudan, Tatarstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Ukraine and others. Therefore, the university pays much attention to use various methods and forms of work in multicultural education of students.
Research material. The main source of research is the experience of conducting ethno-cultural festival with students of different countries in the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Mari State University.
The results of the research and their discussion: the specifics of organizing the festival Night Fest of national cultures «Open your heart to the world» on the basis of FSBEI of HE «Mari State University» are analyzed, the step-by-step organization of the festival with reflection of separate components of national cultures (national games, national costume, national song, national dance and national dish) is presented, the conclusions are made about the importance of national culture, customs and traditions of the people in revealing the talents of students in building a single space of personal development through various activities that contribute to the assimilation of knowledge about the peculiarities of different cultures, different behavioral norms, the ability to build relationships with representatives of other cultures.
Perspectivas sobre o enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 em Cabo verde e no Brasil e o impacto das políticas públicas emergenciais
Authors: Pereira da Silva Hilton , Carlice dos Reis Tânia , Silva Keily
Published: July 2022

Em janeiro de 2020 a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) identificou uma emergência epidemiológica internacional em decorrência do SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). Este artigo apresenta alguns dados disponibilizados em plataformas públicas oficiais sobre a situação da COVID-19, analisa o processo de enfrentamento pelos governos centrais em Cabo Verde e no Brasil e discute como as políticas sociais e de saúde executadas por cada país repercutiram no impacto epidemiológico ao longo do primeiro ano da pandemia, buscando exemplificar como a tomada de decisão sobre a condução das políticas públicas influencia a morbidade e mortalidade nos dois países. Apesar das limitações analíticas em face a uma crise global ainda em andamento, esperamos que este trabalho contribua para ampliar as pesquisas comparativas entre países lusófonos do Cone Sul e para demonstrar a importância da gestão política para o enfrentamento desta doença e das que possam emergir futuramente.
A Comparative Study to Assess the Prevalence and Behaviour Regarding Covid -19 Among Public at Selected Rural and Urban Areas, Khammam, Telangana
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Community Health Nursing, Telangana,, E Venaktesh
Published: July 2022

A comparative study to assess the prevalence and behaviour regarding Covid -19 among public at selected rural and urban areas, Khammam, Telangana. Th objectives were to assess the prevalence of Covid-19 among rural and urban public, to assess the behaviour regarding Covid-19 among rural and urban public. To develop and distribute an information booklet on appropriate behavior regarding Covid- 19 to rural and urban public. Methodology: A quantitative survey approach and Cross-sectional comparative descriptive design was used for this study. The study was conducted at rural public of Raghunadhapalem and urban public of Sambani nagar, it is one of the urban areas of Khammam, Telangana. The sample comprised of 200 (100 from Urban and 100 from Rural) and sample was selected by Non-Probability Convenience Sampling Technique. The data was collected by interview technique and tool use for the study was structured Interview schedule. Results: The results revealed that 200 (100 from urban and 100 from rural) Period prevalence was calculated according to the census available at sub centre on 30th August 2021.The period prevalence in urban public at Sambani nagar was 4.5 and in rural public at Raghunadhapalem was 4. The period prevalence was almost same at both the places. When it comes to appropriate behaviour for Covid-19 pandemic situation the urban public are following the preventive measures 100% when compared to the rural public which is only 43.3%. Conclusion: The study concludes that the period prevalence is almost same with slight difference in urban and rural public. When it comes to appropriate behaviour for Covid-19 pandemic situation the urban public are following the preventive measures when compared to the rural public. So the rural public need to be given more awareness programs regarding appropriate behavior to prevent spread of Covid-19.
Гетто в Юзівці (Сталіно): свідчать документи
Authors: Титаренко Дмитро Миколайович
Published: July 2022

В публікації наводиться «Справка об обстоятельствах существования в период нацистской оккупации на террритории г. Сталино еврейского гетто» від 14 березня 2001 р., складена на основі матеріалів судово-слідчої справи № 60 090 з архіву Управління СБУ в Донецькій області за звинуваченням групи осіб у пособництві німецьким окупантам. Назва дана автором публікації, в особистому архіві якого знаходиться оригінал документу. В тексте статьи публикуется «Справка об обстоятельствах существования в период нацистской оккупации на террритории г. Сталино еврейского гетто» от 14 марта 2001 г., составленная на основе материалов судебно-следственного дела № 60 090 из архива Управления СБУ в Донецкой области по обвинению группы лиц в пособничестве немецким окупантам. Название дано автором публикации, в личном архиве которого хранится оригинал данного документа, подготовленного в ответ на его запрос.