bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Torsion of a Wandering Spleen
Authors: Haque T , Hossain S , Alam KABMT , Rahman MA
Published: November 2014

Wandering spleen is a rare clinical condition characterized by ectopic positioning of the spleen due to abnormal peritoneal attachments including the lienorenal and gastrosplenic ligaments. The spleen can wander or migrate into various positions within the abdomen or pelvis due to this ligamentous laxity. The clinical presentation of patients with this entity is variable and can range from an incidental finding to an acute abdomen associated with torsion. Various imaging modalities can be utilized for the diagnosis of this condition .A variable treatment options for torsion of wandering spleen include splenectomy or splenopexy. Here we described a case of 32 years young lady with acute abdomen due to torsion of a wandering spleen. Diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical findings and abdominal ultrasound. Laparotomy was performed and the infarcted spleen was removed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21008 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 219-222
Acute Budd Chiari Syndrome
Authors: Uddin AFMH , Wareshuzzaman M , Banik RK , Saha SK , Nath NC , Shil BC , Faruque MO , Dhar SC
Published: November 2014

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease in population characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction at a site that may vary from the level of the small hepatic veins up to the junction of the inferior vena cava with the right atrium . Here we presented a case of 35 year old male who presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and leg oedema . Subsequent physical examination, laboratory data, abdominal ultrasonography and duplex study all confirmed the diagnosis of BCS with Protein C , protein S , and antithrombin III deficiency . But we were unable to detect whether these factor deficiency were primary or secondary. Genetic study may be used to elucidate the cause. Whether primary or secondary, standard protocol should be used to treat Budd Chiari syndrome with these factor deficiency. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21009 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 223-226
Neurilemmoma of the Parotid Gland
Authors: Islam AKMR , Murshid M
Published: November 2014

Nerilemmoma is well encapsulated tumour,which forms a single, round or fusiform firm mass on the course of a nerve.They arise from Schwann cells of neurilemma of nerves. These tumors often grow to a large size without causing any neurologic deficit.We report here a case of neurilemmoma of parotid gland showing histopathological findings of cellular neurilemmoma,in a 20 year old male patient. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21010 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 227-229
Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Mollah MAH , Rahman Shegufta
Published: November 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21011 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 230-231
Acute Blindness Following Methanol Poisoning
Authors: Das A , Siddique AA , Haque MM , Lopa IJ
Published: November 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21012 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 232-234
Letter to the Editor Vol.31(4)
Authors: Sayeeda Nur , Islam Ferdousi
Published: November 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21013 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 235-236
Cholestatic Jaundice in Infants  An Experience in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Chowdhury FR , Chowdhury K , Karim ASMB
Published: November 2014

Background: Neonatal cholestasis is defined as prolonged elevation of serum levels of conjugated bilirubin beyond the first 14 days of life. Cholestasis in a newborn can be due to infectious, genetic, metabolic, or undefined abnormalities giving rise to mechanical obstruction of bile flow or to functional impairment of hepatic excretory function and bile secretion. Early detection and timely accurate diagnosis are important for successful treatment and a favorable prognosis. Objective: The present study has been designed to determine the etiology of cholestatic jaundice in infants along with their clinical profile. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2010 through January 2011 in the Paediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. For the study purpose 40 consecutive cases of cholestatic jaundice were included who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Result: Biliary atresia was the commonest (42.5%) cause of cholestatic jaundice followed by neonatal hepatitis/ idiopathic neonatal hepatitis. Other causes of cholestatic of the infants were term and of normal birth weight in cases of biliary atresia (BA) but in NH/INH group significant number of infants were preterm and of low birth weight. Mean age at onset of jaundice was 10.1 ± 4.18 days, and mean age at presentation was 113.7 ±15.38 days. In cases of BA Jaundice, intermittent / persistent pale stool, dark urine was found in all cases and hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were found in 88.2% and 64.8% of cases respectively. Ultrasonographically in most of the cases of BA gallbladder was found either small in size or absent or bile ducts were not visualized. In cases of NH/INH visualization of normal gallbladder while fasting and contraction was observed after meal. Histologically typical features BA were found in 12 out of 17 cases of BA and features of early biliary cirrhosis in 4 infants and 10 patients showed features of INH. Conclusion: Biliary atresia was found to be the commonest cause of neonatal cholestasis in the present study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21029 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 9-15
Cholecystocutaneous Fistula following Drainage of Parietal Abscess: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Amin MAA , Ullah ME , Shabnam N
Published: November 2014

Spontaneous perforation of gallbladder as a complication of biliary stones may lead to cholecystocutaneous abscess or fistula. Here we report a case of cholecystocutaneous fistula in a 50-year-old diabetic female patient who presented with a chronic discharging sinus on right upper abdomen with recurrent abscess formation which failed to heal despite repeated attempts at incision drainage and debridement. After evaluation the tract was explored and was found to be communicating with the fundus of the gall bladder. The whole fistula tract was excised along with cholecystectomy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21037 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 37-40
Discours sur le mensonge de Platon à saint Augustin : continuité ou rupture
Authors: Sarr Pierre
Published: November 2014

Discourse on falsehood from Plato to Augustine. Continuity or Rupture?

The legitimacy of lying has been an issue, in Ancient times, for secular authors as well as for the Church Fathers. For the former, except Plato, who objects to lying as far as it concerns the gods, all the authors that dealt with the question have acknowledged that lying could be useful in some circumstances. Following in their wake, the Church Fathers prior to Augustine looked, in their thinking, for some compromise between lying and truth. If, like Plato, they have emphasized the inaccessibility of lying to the divinity, all of them are unanimous in recognizing, on human grounds, the opportunity of lies that can serve individual or collective interests. Augustine is different from his predecessors : he is resolutely against lying. Truth is absolute for him and he is adamant on that point.
Artemide Munichia: aspetti e funzioni mitico-rituali della dea del Pireo
Authors: Viscardi Giuseppina Paola
Published: November 2014

Artemis Munychia: Mythical-Ritual Aspects and Functiuns of The Piraeus Goddess.

The Artemis worshipped at Piraeus is Potnia Mounychia, limenoskópos and Pheraia, also called ē theòs panselénos. She shined with all her glory on the Greeks victorious at Salamis. The Munichia goddess is also remembered as Artemis chrysaóros who overlooked the access to Athens’ harbours and oversaw the neoì’s rites of passage. The functions’ analysis of Artemis Munichia developed through the epiklesis and the comparison with Hecate phōsphóros suggests more ancient connections with the Thessalian Goddess of Pherai, confused in Attica with Hecate Enodía. She was also identified as the Thracian Bendis, closely related to the Munichia Goddess, once the Bendis cult was introduced in Athens during the polis religion’s transformations, at the end of the 5th century BC.
Les géomètres de Quintus Veranius. À propos du stadiasmos de Patara
Authors: Lebreton Stéphane
Published: November 2014

Le stadiasme de Patara, découvert au début des années 1990, est un document exceptionnel à plus d’un titre. L’importante publication de M. Adak et de S. Şahin a permis de faire le point sur ce dossier. Nous voudrions cependant revenir sur l’un des intérêts de l’inscription : la question de la représentation de l’espace lycien proposée par le stadiasme. Quelle compréhension du territoire lycien donne à voir ce document ? Selon quels principes et avec quels moyens intellectuels l’espace lycien est-il restitué ? Ainsi, l’étude du stadiasme relance le débat sur la nature des documents d’ordre géographique dont pouvait disposer l’administration romaine.
Los Ástures del conventus lucensis y el culto al dios Lug en el noroeste de Hispania
Authors: Olivares Pedreno Juan Carlos
Published: November 2014

Les Ástures du conventus Lucensis et le culte du dieu Lug dans le nord-ouest de l'Espagne.

Dans cet article, nous analysons plusieurs autels votifs en pierre dédiés au dieu Lug dans le Lucus Augusti, qui semble correspondre au territoire cultuel du dieu. D’après les données toponymiques, ethnonymiques et anthroponymiques, nous pouvons en conclure que le dieu était grandement vénéré dans le territoire des Ástures, d’où son culte a pu s’étendre au Lucus Augusti.
Pourquoi la bande-limite de cinq pieds entre les propriétés n’en a pas six chez Hygin
Authors: Guillaumin Jean-Yves
Published: November 2014

L’article montre que la double possibilité d’une bande-limite de cinq ou de six pieds que l’on pense communément lire dans le traité gromatique d’Hygin n’est que le résultat de la corruption d’un texte d’origine qui exprimait de deux manières différentes la même prescription immuable de la loi Mamilia en faveur des cinq pieds de large. Il souligne que cette erreur de lecture est ancienne puisqu’on la trouve déjà expressément revendiquée dans le Commentum anonyme à Frontin. Il propose en conséquence les corrections indispensables qui doivent être apportées au texte d’Hygin tel qu’il a été édité par Lachmann puis par Thulin.
Echocardiographic Abnormalities in New-onset Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Authors: Péter Andrea , Balogh Ágnes , Szilágyi Szabolcs , Faludi Réka , Nagy-Vincze Melinda , Édes István , Dankó Katalin
Published: November 2014

Objective.

To identify early echocardiographic abnormalities at the time of diagnosis of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) and follow the echocardiographic findings during the first 3 months of therapy.

Methods.

We included 30 PM/DM patients (23/7) with a mean age of 42.3 ± 1.6 years and without cardiovascular symptoms. Age-matched healthy patients served as controls. Clinical characteristics were recorded. Traditional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) were performed to measure systolic [ejection fraction, right ventricular fractional area change (RV FAC), lateral and tricuspid annulus s velocities] and diastolic echocardiographic variables (mitral inflow velocities: E, A; deceleration time: DT; lateral and tricuspid annulus e′, a′ velocities, lateral E/e′).

Results.

The left and right ventricular systolic dysfunction detected by TDI at the time of the PM/DM diagnosis improved, and characteristic values at the end of the followup period were comparable to those of the controls (lateral s: 10.6 ± 0.2, 8.7 ± 0.4, 9.6 ± 0.3, 11.3 ± 0.2 cm/s; RV FAC: 45.2 ± 2.3, 36.9 ± 1.5, 42.2 ± 1.3, 46.9 ± 1.2%; tricuspid s: 13.3 ± 0.2, 9.5 ± 0.4, 10.3 ± 0.3, 11.6 ± 0.5 cm/s; control, 0, 1, and 3 mos, respectively). Measurements indicated the development of diastolic dysfunction at 3 mos (E/A: 1.4 ± 0.1, 1.29 ± 0.05, 1.03 ± 0.05, 0.92 ± 0.05; DT: 148.6 ± 3.6, 157.3 ± 5.7, 168.3 ± 6.0, 184.3 ± 6.2 ms; lateral e′: 12.8 ± 0.3, 12.1 ± 0.5, 10.2 ± 0.6, 10.8 ± 0.8 cm/s; E/e′: 5.6 ± 0.1, 5.0 ± 0.22, 6.92 ± 0.46, 7.64 ± 0.47; control, 0, 1, and 3 mos, respectively).

Conclusion.

TDI is a useful method to detect early cardiac abnormalities complementing the conventional echocardiographic measurements. LV and RV systolic dysfunction found in the acute phase significantly improved during the first 3 months of therapy; however, deterioration of diastolic dysfunction was also observed.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin May Be an Effective Therapy for Refractory, Active Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Poelman Corrie L. , Hummers Laura K. , Wigley Fredrick M. , Anderson Cynthia , Boin Francesco , Shah Ami A.
Published: November 2014

Objective.

We sought to retrospectively review a single-center experience using intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for the treatment of refractory, active diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc).

Methods.

The mean modified Rodnan Skin score (mRSS) at baseline was compared to the mRSS at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-IVIG initiation by the paired Student t test. Changes in mRSS at 6 and 12 months were also compared to data from historical controls of 3 large, negative, multicenter, randomized clinical trials of other medications [D-penicillamine (D-pen), recombinant human relaxin (relaxin), and oral bovine type I collagen (collagen)] and to patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) alone using the Student t test.

Results.

Thirty patients were treated with adjunctive IVIG (2 g/kg/mo) for refractory, active dcSSc. The mean baseline mRSS of our cohort was 29.6 ± 7.2, and this significantly decreased to 24.1 ± 9.6 (n = 29, p = 0.0011) at 6 months, 22.5 ± 10.0 (n = 25, p = 0.0001) at 12 months, 20.6 ± 11.8 (n = 23, p = 0.0001) at 18 months, and 15.3 ± 6.4 (n = 15, p < 0.0001) at 24 months. The mean change in mRSS at 6 months was not significantly different in the IVIG group (−5.3 ± 7.9) compared to the relaxin trial (−4.8 ± 6.99, p = 0.74) or MMF group (−3.4 ± 7.4, p = 0.26); however, at 12 months, the mean change in mRSS was significantly better in the IVIG group (−8 ± 8.3) than in the D-pen (−2.47 ± 8.6, p = 0.005) and collagen (−3.4 ± 7.12, p = 0.005) groups, and was comparable to the group of primary MMF responders (−7.1 ± 9, p = 0.67).

Conclusion.

Our observational study suggests that IVIG may be an effective adjunctive therapy for active dcSSc in patients failing other therapies.
Enjeux autour de la responsabilité du geste suicidaire en institution carcérale
Authors: Corriveau Patrice , Cauchie Jean-François , Perreault Isabelle
Published: November 2014

Au Québec, une enquête du coroner est entreprise dès qu’une mort survient sur le territoire afin d’établir si celle-ci est due à des causes naturelles ou non. C’est le cas lors des décès dans les institutions carcérales. Dans le présent article, nous étudierons plus spécifiquement comment le suicide en prison devient ce que les acteurs sociaux et les rapports officiels en disent dans l’enquête du coroner. Nous disposons à cet effet d’un corpus empirique de première main : les enquêtes des coroners du district judiciaire de Montréal qui ont conclu à des décès par suicide entre 1892 et 1950. Notre étude permet de saisir comment les diverses explications du suicide en institution carcérale se construisent au fil de l’enquête des coroners, par les informations qu’ils colligent et notent dans leurs rapports, mais aussi par les témoignages qu’ils recueillent et les mots utilisés par les uns et les autres pour décrire les événements entourant la mort (et le mort). Nous verrons notamment qu’un « suicide » peut connaître des interprétations différentes selon les acteurs sociaux appelés à le commenter et l’expliquer, de même que selon la période dans laquelle il est nommé. Nous constaterons aussi que les verdicts de suicide dans les institutions carcérales montrent que le statut de détenu comme paria rend concevable la « volonté suicidaire » aux yeux du coroner (et de ses témoins), alors que ce n’est pas le cas pour les verdicts touchant la population générale.
Genèse du geste linguistique : une complexité heuristique
Authors: Fenoglio Irène
Published: November 2014

L’écriture linguistique est actuellement l’objet de divers travaux, mais aucune de ces études ne s’est attachée à l’aspect processuel du discours théorique en train de se textualiser, visible sur des manuscrits de linguistes. Comment un auteur linguiste s’y prend-il pour penser son objet, élaborer une notion, formuler son discours ? L’investigation doit satisfaire aux exigences conjuguées de deux disciplines analytiques qui désarticulent leur objet ; la pratique génétique décompose les couches déposées dans le temps de l’écriture et dont les manuscrits gardent la trace ; la sagacité linguistique délinéarise les énoncés compactés par les repentirs et décompose les éléments phrastiques. La question qui se pose est alors la suivante : analyser les traces verbales de l’élaboration en cours de production d’un texte à finalité de théorisation linguistique a-t-il un intérêt autre que génétique ? Autrement dit, faut-il lire les manuscrits pour comprendre les théories ? Pour cette compréhension des processus d’écriture linguistique, il est fait appel à des manuscrits d’Émile Benveniste. Mais l’exemplarité de ce fonds n’empêche pas des incursions dans d’autres manuscrits, notamment dans ceux de Ferdinand de Saussure.
« Le nom c’est l’être »
Authors: Ono Aya
Published: November 2014

Notre article étudie les notes préparatoires d’Émile Benveniste pour l’article « Blasphémie et euphémie » (1969), dans le but de dégager un nouvel aspect de la conceptualisation de l’« énonciation ». Notre méthode consiste à faire des va-et-vient entre le manuscrit de l’article en question et sa version finale, tout en relevant des observations générales de Benveniste sur l’énonciation. Notre attention se porte notamment sur : 1) des notes benvenistiennes relatives à l’épistémologie de la linguistique, à la nature « explosive » de la blasphémie et à son rapport avec un autre type d’acte de langage, à savoir le serment ; 2) une note particulièrement marquante de Benveniste sur l’acte de dire.
La préparation d’un ouvrage inachevé : « La glottologie » de Lucien Tesnière
Authors: Chepiga Valentina
Published: November 2014

Nous nous proposons de mettre au jour une recherche que Lucien Tesnière (1893-1954), linguiste polyvalent, ouvre dans un autre domaine que celui pour lequel il est connu (essentiellement représenté par ses Éléments de syntaxe structurale). Il s’agit de l’élaboration d’un concept, celui de « glottologie », qui s’inscrit, au vu de l’ensemble des manuscrits que nous allons observer, dans un grand projet inachevé. Ce concept de « glottologie » s’appuie sur des notions couplées, celles d’« ἔργον » (ergon) et d’« ἐνέργεια » (energeia), et celles de « langage réel » et de « langage virtuel ». Cette recherche présente l’intérêt d’illustrer l’inspiration hétérodoxe de la linguistique de cette époque, et sa plasticité dans les apports conceptuels.
Le linguiste et le médecin
Authors: Toke Valelia Muni
Published: November 2014

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser, du point de vue de la génétique textuelle, une partie de la correspondance scientifique de Lucien Tesnière, linguiste, et d’Édouard Pichon, médecin et grammairien, dans les années 1936-1937. L’avant-texte étudié de façon privilégiée ici est un brouillon écrit par Tesnière en 1935 en vue de la rédaction du compte rendu du volume III de l’Essai de grammaire de la langue française de Damourette et Pichon. Les positions exprimées dans ce brouillon diffèrent sensiblement de celles que Tesnière rendra publiques, et c’est ce que je montre en comparant trois états de la formulation : le brouillon, la version tapuscrite du compte rendu conservée par Tesnière, enfin l’échange épistolaire avec Pichon. Il ressort de cette étude que Tesnière fait de la clinique médicale le parangon de la rigueur scientifique, et en déplore l’absence dans le champ linguistique – critiquant sévèrement, dans son brouillon, l’attitude de ses collègues linguistes. Il complimente alors Pichon sur ses méthodes, tandis que ce dernier refuse de réduire son travail à celui d’un médecin. Dès lors, cet échange apparaît à la fois comme un débat épistémologique et comme un matériau historique précieux, à même de documenter la constitution des champs disciplinaires dans la première moitié du xxe siècle.
Entre édition, traduction et interprétation de l’inachevé
Authors: Badir Sémir
Published: November 2014

De notes préparatoires rédigées pour un cycle de conférences données par Hjelmslev à Londres en 1947, et d’un tapuscrit établi à partir de ces notes en vue d’une publication qui n’a pas abouti, des éditeurs ont proposé un texte, d’abord en traduction française sous l’intitulé « La structure fondamentale du langage » (1968), puis dans une version originale anglaise sous l’intitulé « The Basic Structure of Language » (1973). Dans cet article, nous examinerons les choix éditoriaux qui ont paru devoir être faits en raison de l’état d’inachèvement dans lequel s’offraient les sources manuscrites. Nous verrons également quelles conséquences ces choix peuvent avoir pour l’interprétation, non seulement au regard de la cohésion sémantique du texte mais encore en fonction de la cohérence de la théorie qui est censée s’y illustrer.
Étude comparative des deux versions de « Observation et explication dans la science du langage » de Gustave Guillaume (1958)
Authors: Tollis Francis
Published: November 2014

En 1958, Gustave Guillaume publiait dans Les Études philosophiques un article intitulé « Observation et explication dans la science du langage ». En 1964, Langage et science du langage a proposé un recueil de seize autres de ses études, dont une première rédaction inédite de cet article. Selon l’éditeur, il s’agit bien là d’un premier projet, qui n’était visiblement pas destiné à être publié en l’état. Du reste, si les trois premières phrases sont strictement identiques dans les deux rédactions, dès la quatrième la suite diffère grandement. Sur les plans quantitatif aussi bien que qualitatif, nous tentons donc de voir ce que les modifications finalement introduites peuvent révéler des intentions théorisantes, mais également de la stratégie à la fois expositive et scientifique de l’auteur.
Genèse d’un écrit saussurien : de la « théosophie » à une approche de la subjectivité
Authors: D’Ottavi Giuseppe
Published: November 2014

Le compte rendu de l’ouvrage de Paul Oltramare Histoire des idées théosophiques dans l’Inde (Paris, 1906) est le seul document témoignant de l’activité de Ferdinand de Saussure comme indianiste publié de son vivant. Fait d’exception chez Saussure, les manuscrits de travail qui ont précédé la publication de ce compte rendu ont été conservés : ces manuscrits, et ses rapports avec le texte publié, sont l’objet du présent article. Les outils de la critique génétique permettent alors de jeter un regard sur un côté peu connu du profil intellectuel de Ferdinand de Saussure, de suivre ses attitudes à l’égard de l’Inde brahmanique et de cerner la façon dont elles participent de sa pensée linguistique. Notamment, c’est suivant une de ces pistes brahmaniques qu’apparaît une étonnante réflexion sur le statut de la subjectivité – réflexion tout à fait unique chez Saussure. L’article en propose la première transcription complète.
« 53 jours » de Georges Perec : les lieux d’une ruse
Authors: Decout Maxime
Published: November 2014

Le projet de Perec avec « 53 jours » était d’écrire un texte qui déconstruirait lui-même sa première partie dans une seconde partie. Aussi est-ce la spécularité qui focalise le travail de Perec dans les brouillons, autour d’une intrigue policière plusieurs fois déconstruite et chevillée sur la mise en abyme de quatre romans différents. Ce sont les listes, combinaisons, chiffrages, schémas et structures qui retiennent le travail de l’écrivain dans une volonté de mise en ordre et d’épuisement de tous les possibles. Trois éléments sont alors récurrents : le travail sur une diégèse ramifiée, l’essai d’équilibrage des vingt-huit chapitres entre eux, et la tentative de faire se correspondre les quatre romans en abyme qui composent le livre. Confronté à une volonté de mettre en ordre, le système mis en place par Perec est pourtant toujours débordé par un certain désordre. Il semble alors que « 53 jours » ne résulte pas de contraintes préalables à l’écriture mais que les dispositifs mis en place soient essayés et trouvés au cours de la rédaction afin de répondre à l’enjeu de départ que s’était fixé Perec.
Emergency Mosquito Control on a Selected Area in Eastern North Carolina after Hurricane Irene
Authors: Harris Jonathan W. , Richards Stephanie L. , Anderson Alice
Published: November 2014

Natural disasters such as hurricanes may contribute to mosquito abundance and, consequently, arbovirus transmission risk. In 2011, flooding from Hurricane Irene in eastern North Carolina (NC) resulted in increased mosquito populations that hindered recovery efforts. Budget shortfalls in NC have reduced the functionality of long-term mosquito surveillance and control programs; hence, many counties rely on the Federal Emergency Management Agency for post-disaster mosquito control. This pilot study examines mosquito abundance pre- and post-aerial insecticide spraying at eight study sites in Washington and Tyrrell Counties in rural eastern NC after Hurricane Irene. Percent change was calculated and compared for traps in areas that received aerial pesticide application and those that did not. Traps in spray zones show decreases in mosquito abundance when compared to control traps (treatment: -52.93%; control: 3.55%), although no significant differences (P = 0.286) were found in mosquito abundance between groups. Implications of reactive rather than proactive mosquito control responses are discussed.
Interpolation inequalities between Sobolev and Morrey–Campanato spaces: A common gateway to concentration-compactness and Gagliardo–Nirenberg interpolation inequalities
Authors: Van Schaftingen Jean
Published: November 2014

We prove interpolation estimates between Morrey–Campanato spaces and Sobolev spaces. These estimates give in particular concentration-compactness inequalities in the translation-invariant and in the translation- and dilation-invariant case. They also give in particular interpolation estimates between Sobolev spaces and functions of bounded mean oscillation. The proofs rely on Sobolev integral representation formulae and maximal function theory. Fractional Sobolev spaces are also covered.
Analytical inequalities and isoperimetric constants
Authors: Willem Michel
Published: November 2014

We use some isoperimetric constants in order estimate the best constants in some Sobolev inequalities.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions for semilinear equations involving anti-selfadjoint operators
Authors: Fonda Alessandro
Published: November 2014

We consider the problem of the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a semilinear equation in a Hilbert space, of the type

Lu = Nu

, where the linear operator

L

is assumed to be anti-selfadjoint, and the nonlinear part N is controlled by two bounded selfadjoint operators

A

and

B

. As an example of application, we study the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions for a system of transport equations. Precisely, we look for solutions which are periodic in each of their variables, the periods being determined by the forcing term.
Boundary value problems for a class of first order quasilinear ordinary differential equations
Authors: Bouchez Vincent , Mawhin Jean
Published: November 2014

Using continuation theorems of Leray-Schauder degree theory, we obtain existence results for the first order quasilinear boundary value problem

(\phi(u))'=f(t,u), \quad u(T)=bu(0),

where

\phi : \mathbb{R}\rightarrow (-a,a)

is an homeomorphism such that

\phi(0)=0

and

f:[0,T]\times\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}

is a continuous function,

a

and

T

being positive real numbers and

b

some non zero real number.
Blowing-up solutions for the Yamabe equation
Authors: Esposito Pierpaolo , Pistoia Angela
Published: November 2014

Let

(M,g)

be a smooth, compact Riemannian manifold of dimension

N\ge3

. We consider the almost critical problem

(P_\epsilon)\qquad -\Delta_g u+ {N-2\over 4(N-1)}\mathrm {Scal}_g u= u^{{N+2\over N-2}+\epsilon }\quad\text{in}\ M\,,\quad u>0\quad\text{in}\ M\,,

where

\Delta_g

denotes the Laplace-Beltrami operator,

\mathrm {Scal}_g

is the scalar curvature of

g

and

\epsilon\in\mathbb R

is a small parameter. It is known that problem

(P_\epsilon)

does not have any blowing-up solutions when

\epsilon\nearrow0

, at least for

N\leq 24

or in the locally conformally flat case, and this is not true anymore when

\epsilon\searrow0

. Indeed, we prove that, if

N\ge 7

and the manifold is not locally conformally flat, then problem

(P_\epsilon)

does have a family of solutions which blow-up at a maximum point of the function

\xi\to\left|\mathrm {Weyl}_g(\xi )\right|_g

as

\epsilon\searrow0 .

Here Weyl

_g

denotes the Weyl curvature tensor of

g.
Robustness of dichotomies and trichotomies for difference equations
Authors: Barreira Luis , Valls Claudia
Published: November 2014

We give a short proof of the robustness of the notion of a nonuniform exponential dichotomy for a sequence of linear operators acting on a Banach space. This means that any sufficiently small linear perturbation of a nonuniform exponential dichotomy exhibits the same type of exponential behavior. The method of proof is based on the notion of admissibility introduced by Perron in the special case of a uniform exponential behavior. In strong contrast to former proofs, we do not need to construct explicitly projections on the stable and unstable directions. As an application, we also give a short proof of the robustness of the notion of a nonuniform exponential trichotomy.
Hamiltonian elliptic systems: a guide to variational frameworks
Authors: Bonheure Denis , Moreira dos Santos Ederson , Tavares Hugo
Published: November 2014

Consider a Hamiltonian elliptic system of type

\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u=H_{v}(u,v) & \text{ in } \Omega\\ -\Delta v=H_{u}(u,v) & \text{ in } \Omega\\ u,v=0 & \text{ on } \partial \Omega \end{array} \right.

where

H

is a power-type nonlinearity, for instance

H(u,v)= |u|^{p+1}/(p+1)+|v|^{q+1}/(q+1)

, having subcritical growth, and

\Omega

is a bounded domain of

\mathbb R^N

,

N\geq 1

. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the several variational frameworks that can be used to treat such a system. Within each approach, we address existence of solutions, and in particular of ground state solutions. Some of the available frameworks are more adequate to derive certain qualitative properties; we illustrate this in the second half of this survey, where we also review some of the most recent literature dealing mainly with symmetry, concentration, and multiplicity results. This paper contains some original results as well as new proofs and approaches to known facts.
Spatial genetic structure of the sea sandwort (Honckenya peploides) on Surtsey: an immigrant's journey
Authors: Árnason S. H. , Thórsson Ǽ. Th. , Magnússon B. , Philipp M. , Adsersen H. , Anamthawat-Jónsson K.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Sea sandwort (Honckenya peploides) was one of the first plants to successfully colonize and reproduce on the volcanic island Surtsey, formed in 1963 off the southern coast of Iceland. Using amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) markers, we examined levels of genetic variation and differentiation among populations of H. peploides on Surtsey in relation to populations on the nearby island Heimaey and from the southern coast of Iceland. Selected populations from Denmark and Greenland were used for comparison. In addition, we tested whether the effects of isolation by distance could be seen in the Surtsey populations. Using two primer combinations, we obtained 173 AFLP markers from a total of 347 plant samples. The resulting binary matrix was then analysed statistically. The main results include the following: (i) Surtsey had the highest proportion of polymorphic markers as well as a comparatively high genetic diversity (55.5% proportion of polymorphic loci, PLP; 0.1974 HE) and Denmark the lowest (31.8% PLP; 0.132 HE), indicating rapid expansion during an early stage of population establishment on Surtsey and/or multiple origins of immigrants; (ii) the total genetic differentiation (FST) among Surtsey (0.0714) and Heimaey (0.055) populations was less than half of that found among the mainland populations in Iceland (0.1747), indicating substantial gene flow on the islands; (iii) most of the genetic variation (79%, p < 0.001) was found within localities, possibly due to the outcrossing and subdioecious nature of the species; (iv) a significant genetic distance was found within Surtsey, among sites, and this appeared to correlate with the age of plant colonization; and (v) the genetic structure analysis indicated multiple colonization episodes on Surtsey, whereby H. peploides most likely immigrated from the nearby island of Heimaey and directly from the southern coast of Iceland.
Interactive physiological response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants to fungal colonization and Potato virus Y (PVY) infection
Authors: Thiem Dominika , Szmidt-Jaworska Adriana , Baum Christel , Muders Katja , Niedojadło Katarzyna , Hrynkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2014

Potato plants can be colonized by various viruses and by symbiotic, saprophytic and pathogenic fungi. However, the significance of interactions of viral infection and fungal colonization is hardly known. This work presents a model experiment in which the influence of three different types of fungal associations on the growth and physiology of the potato variety Pirol was tested individually or in combination with infection by PVY. It was hypothesized that simultaneous viral and fungal infections increase the biotic stress of the host plant, but mutualistic plant-fungal associations can mask the impact of viral infection. In the present study, a symbiotic arbsucular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices, significantly stimulated the growth of plants infected with PVY. In contrast, two saprophytic Trichoderma spp. strains either did not influence or even inhibited the growth of PVY-infected plants. Also, inoculation of PVY-infected potato plants with a pathogenic strain of Colletotrichum coccodes did not inhibit the plant growth. Growth of the PVY-free potato plants was not promoted by the symbiotic fungus, whereas T. viride, T. harzianum and C. coccodes had an evident inhibitory effect. The strongest growth inhibition and highest concentration of H2O2, as an indicator of biotic stress, was observed in PVY-free potato plants inoculated with T. harzianum and C. coccodes strains. Surprisingly, ultrastructural analysis of PVY-infected plant roots colonized by G. intraradices showed virus-like structures in the arbuscules. This pointed to the possibility of mycorrhizal-mediated transmission of virus particles and has to be further examined by testing with immunoassays and real transmission to uninfected plants. In conclusion, although mycorrhiza formation might decrease the impact of PVY infection on plants, a possible role of mycorrhizal fungi as virus vectors is discussed.
Naturschutzethik
Authors: Eser Uta , Potthast Thomas
Published: November 2014

Warum sollen Menschen die Natur schützen? Soll die Natur in einem bestimmten Zustand erhalten werden oder ist ihrer Entwicklung freier Lauf zu lassen? Bedarf es heute einer neuen Ethik, um die Natur in den Mittelpunkt menschlicher Schutzbemühungen zu rücken oder reichen herkömmliche Begründungen aus? Wie hängen moralische Argumente für den Naturschutz und konkrete Schutzstrategien zusammen? Die bislang vorliegende philosophische Literatur ist wenig hilfreich für die Praxis: wegen ihrer großen Abstraktheit fehlen konkrete Bezüge weitgehend.

Wer sich für das Thema Naturschutz und Ethik interessiert, kann sich nun mit der Arbeit von Eser/Potthast einen allgemeinverständlichen Überblick verschaffen. Wissenschaftstheoretische Grundlagen der Ökologie und moralphilosophische Voraussetzungen des Naturschutzes werden hier praxisorientiert dargestellt und an konkreten Beispielen veranschaulicht; zentrale Begriffe und Fragestellungen werden in übersichtlichen Schaubildern erläutert.

Der Band richtet sich an alle im Naturschutz Tätigen: sei es in Behörden, in Verbänden, in der Umweltpolitik oder in Naturschutzzentren. Er eignet sich vor allem aber auch hervorragend für Lehrerinnen und Lehrer der Biologie und Ethik.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and COPII generate LC3 lipidation vesicles from the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment
Authors: Ge Liang , Zhang Min , Schekman Randy
Published: November 2014

Formation of the autophagosome requires significant membrane input from cellular organelles. However, no direct evidence has been developed to link autophagic factors and the mobilization of membranes to generate the phagophore. Previously, we established a cell-free LC3 lipidation reaction to identify the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) as a membrane source for LC3 lipidation, a key step of autophagosome biogenesis (Ge et al., eLife 2013; 2:e00947). We now report that starvation activation of autophagic phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) induces the generation of small vesicles active in LC3 lipidation. Subcellular fractionation studies identified the ERGIC as the donor membrane in the generation of small lipidation-active vesicles. COPII proteins are recruited to the ERGIC membrane in starved cells, dependent on active PI3K. We conclude that starvation activates the autophagic PI3K, which in turn induces the recruitment of COPII to the ERGIC to bud LC3 lipidation-active vesicles as one potential membrane source of the autophagosome.
Disruption of thalamic functional connectivity is a neural correlate of dexmedetomidine-induced unconsciousness
Authors: Akeju Oluwaseun , Loggia Marco L , Catana Ciprian , Pavone Kara J , Vazquez Rafael , Rhee James , Contreras Ramirez Violeta , Chonde Daniel B , Izquierdo-Garcia David , Arabasz Grae , Hsu Shirley , Habeeb Kathleen , Hooker Jacob M , Napadow Vitaly , Brown Emery N , Purdon Patrick L
Published: November 2014

Understanding the neural basis of consciousness is fundamental to neuroscience research. Disruptions in cortico-cortical connectivity have been suggested as a primary mechanism of unconsciousness. By using a novel combination of positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we studied anesthesia-induced unconsciousness and recovery using the α2-agonist dexmedetomidine. During unconsciousness, cerebral metabolic rate of glucose and cerebral blood flow were preferentially decreased in the thalamus, the Default Mode Network (DMN), and the bilateral Frontoparietal Networks (FPNs). Cortico-cortical functional connectivity within the DMN and FPNs was preserved. However, DMN thalamo-cortical functional connectivity was disrupted. Recovery from this state was associated with sustained reduction in cerebral blood flow and restored DMN thalamo-cortical functional connectivity. We report that loss of thalamo-cortical functional connectivity is sufficient to produce unconsciousness.
Ocean acidification worse in coral reefs
Authors: Betz Eric O.
Published: December 2014

The rate of ocean acidification in coral reefs outpaces the rise in carbon dioxide (CO2) in Earth's atmosphere, indicating that anthropogenic carbon emissions alone are not to blame for the threat to coral reefs, a new study shows.
From magnetic field data, the flow of Earth's core
Authors: Palus Shannon
Published: December 2014

The outer core of the Earth is made of liquid metal, and its flow both affects and is affected by our planet's core magnetic field. It is impossible to directly measure the outer core of the Earth, the outer boundary of which is about 2900 kilometers below our feet. However, the turbulence of the core's liquid is so complex—including large‐scale features and small‐scale features—that it cannot be modeled as a simulation.
Simultaneous Control of Light Polarization and Phase Distributions Using Plasmonic Metasurfaces
Authors: Li Jianxiong , Chen Shuqi , Yang Haifang , Li Junjie , Yu Ping , Cheng Hua , Gu Changzhi , Chen Hou‐Tong , Tian Jianguo
Published: December 2014

Harnessing light for modern photonic applications often involves the control and manipulation of light polarization and phase. Traditional methods require a combination of multiple discrete optical components, each of which contributes to a specific functionality. Here, plasmonic metasurfaces are proposed that accomplish the simultaneous manipulation of polarization and phase of the transmitted light. Arbitrary spatial field distribution of the optical phase and polarization direction can be obtained. The multifunctional metasurfaces are validated by demonstrating a broadband near‐perfect anomalous refraction with controllable linear polarization through introducing a constant phase gradient along the interface. Furthermore, the power of the proposed metasurfaces is demonstrated by generating a radially polarized beam. The new degrees of freedom of metasurfaces facilitate arbitrary manipulation of light and will profoundly affect a wide range of photonic applications.
An Electrochromic Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complex for Information Recording, Encryption, and Decryption
Authors: Lin Wenpeng , Zhao Qiang , Sun Huibin , Zhang Kenneth Yin , Yang Huiran , Yu Qi , Zhou Xinhui , Guo Song , Liu Shujuan , Huang Wei
Published: December 2014

Electrical stimuli‐induced change in absorption spectra, or electrochromism, has been well studied due to its promising applications in displays, sensors, smart windows, memory chips, and electronic papers, etc. However, electrochromic luminescent materials are rather scarce. In view of their advantages including easy tuning of luminescence color, short response time, and relatively high contrast, an electrochromic phosphorescent Ir(III) complex (IrOH) with an OH moiety in the N^N ligand is designed. This complex displays long‐lived phosphorescence, whose wavelength and lifetime are very sensitive to complex concentration, pH value, and electric field. Based on the interesting electrochromic phosphorescence of complex IrOH, a quasi‐solid information recording and storage device has been designed. A short‐lived fluorescent dye has been selected to encrypt the recorded information. In view of the much longer lifetime of IrOH compared with that of the fluorescent dye, decryption has been accomplished by using time‐resolved imaging techniques. Hence, it is believed that electrochromic phosphorescence will open up a new and efficient avenue for applications in information encryption and decryption.
Dynamics of the First‐Order Metamagnetic Transition in Magnetocaloric La(Fe,Si)13: Reducing Hysteresis
Authors: Lovell Edmund , Pereira André M. , Caplin A. David , Lyubina Julia , Cohen Lesley F.
Published: November 2014

The influence of dynamics and sample shape on the magnetic hysteresis in first‐order magnetocaloric metamagnetic LaFe13–xSix with x = 1.4 is studied. In solid‐state magnetic cooling, reducing magnetic and thermal hysteresis is critical for refrigeration cycle efficiency. From magnetization measurements, it is found that the fast field‐rate dependence of the hysteresis can be attributed to extrinsic heating directly related to the thickness of the sample and the thermal contact with the bath. If the field is paused partway through the transition, the subsequent relaxation is strongly dependent on shape due to both demagnetizing fields and thermal equilibration; magnetic coupling between adjacent sample fragments can also be significant. Judicious shaping of the sample can both increase the onset field of the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic (FM–PM) transition but have little effect on the PM–FM onset, suggesting a route to engineer the hysteresis width by appropriate design. In the field‐paused state, the relaxation from one phase to the other slows with increasing temperature, implying that the process is neither thermally activated or athermal; comparison with the temperature dependence of the latent heat strongly suggests that the dynamics reflect the intrinsic free energy difference between the two phases.
Recycling of lignocellulosics filled polypropylene composites. I. Analysis of thermal properties, morphology, and amount of free radicals
Authors: Paukszta Dominik , Markiewicz Ewa , Ostrowski Adam , Doczekalska Beata , Brzyska Magdalena , Szostak Marek , Borysiak Sławomir
Published: December 2014

Composites of isotactic polypropylene filled with comminuted rapeseed straw are studied. Improvement in interfacial adhesion is achieved by chemical modification of the lignocellulose filler. Composites were subjected to recycling by extrusion. The effect of multiple recycling of the composites on the process of nucleation and crystallization of polypropylene matrix, surface topography, and free radical generation was checked. On the basis of differential scanning calorimetry data, a significant influence of the recycling on nucleation activity of the lignocellulose filler was evidenced. A relation between the filler particle size and multiple recycling was established by observations under a polarization microscope, while scanning electron microscope analyses confirmed the positive effect of chemical modification of rapeseed straw on the interfacial adhesion. The composite structure changes forced by multiple recycling are discussed in the context of free radical generation. Concentration of free radicals in the rapeseed straw samples and composites was measured by the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to show that it was higher in the systems subjected to multiple recycling. Interestingly, the composites after multiple recycling showing elevated concentration of free radicals are also characterized by higher nucleation activity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 41693.
Light and period study of the ecipsing binary system TW Andromedae
Authors: Manzoori D.
Published: December 2014

Photoelectric light curve (LC) solutions of the close binary system TW And were obtained using the PHOEBE program (version 0.31a). Absolute parameters of the stellar components were then determined, enabling us to discuss the structure and evolutionary status of TW And. The configuration of the system based on the LCs solutions indicates that the secondary component is slightly detached from its critical Roche surface. In addition, times of minima data (“O –C curve”) were analyzed. Apart from an almost parabolic variation of the general trend of the O –C data, indicative of a secular increase in the orbital period with a rate 0.032 s yr–1, which was attributed to a mass transfer with a rate of Δm2 = –1.10 × 10–10 M⊙ yr–1. Additionally, a sinusoidal variation with a period of 52.75 ± 1.80 yr, modulating the orbital period, was found, which we attribute to a third body orbiting the system. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)