bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDEN ÖRNEKLERLE) SARAY VE SULTAN: 2) SULTAN
Authors: KÜÇÜK Sabahattin
Published: January 2022

Ontolojik anlamda simgesel niteliğe sahip olan sultan, tahtında oturduğu sürece elinde tuttuğu güç ve imkânlar sayesinde, ilk düşüşle birlikte yitirilen ilk durumu (yeryüzü cenneti) yeniden oluşturarak insanların Yaratıcı İlke ile olan doğal bağını tekrar kurmakla yükümlüdür (Küçük 2020: 571-572). Zihinsel aydınlanma sürecini tamamlamış bir sultan, mutlak iradeye tam bağlılık bilinciyle sahip olduğu güç ve imkânların kendinden değil, tanrısal kaynaktan geldiğini unutmayarak halkına karşı merhametli, adil ve cömert davranır. Çünkü, kendi izzet ve ikbalinden çok, halkının refah, huzur ve mutluluğu için gayret gösteren bilge hükümdarın biricik amacı ‘altın çağ’ı yakalamak olmalıdır.
Dünyanın merkezi ve kozmik varoluş hiyerarşisinin en önemli evrelerinden sayılan saray figürü, ‘göğün direği’, yani yer ile göğü birleştiren manevi direk olma özelliğini yitirdiği (adalet, özgürlük, hak, hukuk vb. değerlerin ortadan kalktığı) durumlarda, toplum hem kaosa sürüklenir hem de insanların manevi değerlere olan inanç, bağlılık ve güveni temelinden sarsılır. Bu bağlamda, sultan konumunda olan iktidar sahibi, olumsuz ve zararlı uygulamalarıyla ‘âlemin göbek bağı’nı, yani Yaratıcı İlkeyle arasındaki ilişkiyi keserek tanrısal imkân ve lütufları toplum yararına değil de kendi ikbal ve çıkarları için kullanmak suretiyle doğal düzene, mutlak iradeye karşı gelmiş sayılır ki böyle bir kişi, anlamsal boyutta artık bir ölüden farksızdır.
Effect of Snakehead Fish and Sea Cucumber Extract Administration on Mast Cell Infiltration, Interlukin-6 (IL-6), and Albumin Levels in Burns and Surgical Wounds
Authors: Purwoko Purwoko , Putro Bambang Novianto , Hananto Arif Zuhal Amin
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Burn injury impairs almost every organ system, which causes significant morbidity and mortality. Meanwhile, the phases included in burn healing are inflammation, cell recruitment, matrix deposition, epithelialization, and tissue remodeling phase. Previous studies showed that snakehead fish and sea cucumber extract have these effects and are beneficial in burn and post-surgery wounds. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of snakehead fish and sea cucumber extract supplementation towards mast cell infiltration, IL-6, and albumin level in burn and post-surgery wounds. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized control trial was carried out at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta in November 2017 on 30 subjects, which were divided into 2 groups. Mast cell infiltration was observed on burn and post-surgery wounds colored with Toluidine Blue, while IL-6 and albumin were measured -blood, where both groups had comparable basic characteristics. Results and Discussion: There was a statistically insignificant (p=0.835) higher increase in albumin level in the treatment group, while an insignificant (p=0.056) greater decrease also occur in the IL-6 level. The decrease in cell mast infiltration after treatment was also higher and not statistically significant (p=0.526). Previous studies showed that amino acids from snakehead fish play an important role in wound healing. Meanwhile, high EPA content in sea cucumber is due to its ability as an Echinodermata to regenerate tissue. It was also discovered that the results available about sea cucumber and sea snake extract on wound healing are different based on the skin condition after the use of the extracts. Conclusion: Snakehead fish and sea cucumber extract supplementation can increase albumin level, decrease IL-6 level and mast cell infiltration in burn or post-surgery wounds.
Protocolo assistencial do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio para pacientes pediátricos com reações alérgicas e anafilaxia
Authors: Lima Amanda Oliveira de Araújo , Honório Fernanda Paiva Pereira , Aguiar Germana Demes
Published: January 2022

As reações alérgicas e a anafilaxia fazem parte do cotidiano de emergências e enfermarias pediátricas e necessitam de abordagens rápidas e assertivas, a fim de evitar suas formas graves. Este protocolo tem por objetivo sugerir a uniformização de condutas na enfermaria pediátrica do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC). Foi realizada revisão de literatura em protocolos já bem estabelecidos e utilizados em outros hospitais, bem como de guias práticos das sociedades de pediatria, além de uma revisão do tratamento de reações alérgicas e anafilaxia na atualidade. As reações alérgicas têm um amplo espectro de gravidade, desde as mais simples, nas quais utilizam-se anti-histamínicos de segunda geração com boa resolutividade do quadro, até as mais dramáticas, com reação sistêmica aguda grave, em que se faz necessária a checagem de vias aéreas, respiração e circulação, a administração de adrenalina intramuscular, uso de broncodilatadores e reavaliação constante. A avaliação inicial individualizada do paciente é fundamental para que o protocolo seja seguido adequadamente; a rapidez e eficiência do tratamento dependem, principalmente, de uma precisa avaliação inicial. Reações graves como a anafilaxia, podem evoluir de forma fatal, porém, quando os sinais e sintomas são reconhecidos de imediato, tratados e o agente causador é afastado, o prognóstico é favorável.
The phenolic compounds of ethanolic extract of date seed (Phoenix dactylifera L.) exert hepatoprotective activity on rat induced carragenan
Authors: Warsinah Warsinah , Utami Esti Dyah , Baroroh Hanif Nasiatul
Published: January 2022

Background: Hepatotoxic effects can occur with the use of toxic drugs or standard doses, but in the long term or chronic therapy. In addition to the drugs, carrageenan also causes hepatotoxic after 12 hours of induction intraperitoneally. The effect of liver cell repair is highly related to the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in date seeds. Objective: The present study determined the total phenolic levels and hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extracts of date palm seeds (EEBK) in carrageenan-induced rats. Method: Determination of total phenolics in palm ethanol extract samples was carried out with the Folin- Ciocalteu reagent. This study was the pre and post-test control group design. Examination of SGOT and SGPT levels was performed by the kinetic method based on IFCC. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and ANOVA test. Results: The total phenolic content of the ethanol extract of date seeds of Deglet Noor variety was 8.521% GAE. The ethanol extract of date seed (EEBK) with the dose of 150 mg/kg BW showed the highest reduction in SGOT levels (34.80 U / L). The highest average decrease in SGPT levels occurred at a therapeutic dose of 300 mg/kg BW was 16.20 U / L compared to doses of 150 and 600 mg/kg bb (11.60 and 15.60 U / L respectively). Conclusion: The ethanol extract of date seed (EEBK) with the doses of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg BW had hepatoprotective activity in carrageenan-induced rats as observed from a significant decreased in SGOT and SGPT levels (p <0.05). Key word: Date seed, phenolic total, extract, SGPT, SGOT
Isolation of endophytic fungi from benalu batu (Begonia Medicinalis) and their toxicity on Artemia Salina
Authors: Anam Syariful , Syamsidi Armini , Musyahidah Musyahidah , Ambianti Nurul , Widodo Agustinus , Zubair Muhammad Sulaiman
Published: January 2022

Abstract Background: Endophytic fungi are microorganisms found in plant tissues that are mutually beneficial to the host plant. They are known as sources of bioactive metabolites which possess various biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and antioxidant. Benalu batu (Begonia medicinalis) has been used empirically as a medicinal plant and has shown anticancer activity in breast cancer cells (T47D cells) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells). Objective: This study aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi from benalu batu and determine the toxicity activity and Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50) value of isolated endophytic fungi using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina). Method: Endophytic fungi were isolated from fresh parts; leaves, stems, roots of Benalu Batu. The selected parts were sterilized with ethanol 70% and sodium hypochlorite 1% subsequently placed into Potato Dextrose Agar Chloramphenicol (PDAC) then incubated at 28°C for 7 days. Isolated endophytic fungi were extracted by sonication method using ethyl acetate. The toxicity activity of isolated endophytic fungi was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Results: Isolation of the endophytic fungi from benalu batu obtained 10 isolates, which the leaves part obtained 6 isolates, the stem obtained 3 isolates and the root obtained 1 isolate. The results of screening for toxicity test of 10 isolates at concentrations of 500 µg/mL shown that isolate D3, D5, and D6 gave 100% mortality. The LC50 values of isolate D3, D5, and D6 were obtained respectively in 448.03, 8.784, and 9.13 µg/mL. Conclusion: These results indicated that isolate D5 exhibits the greatest toxicity and needs to be investigated the activity for testing on cancer cells. Keywords: endophytic fungi, Begonia medicinalis, toxicity, Artemia salina
Flavonoid compounds of tapak liman plant (Elephantopus scaber) as antihyperuricemia
Authors: Gunarti Neni Sri , Hidayah Himyatul
Published: January 2022

Abstract Background: Hyperuricemia is a condition where uric acid levels in the blood increase more than 6 mg/dL. Tapak liman (Elephantopus scaber) contains flavonoid compounds that are reported to inhibit the activity of the xanthine oxidase enzyme that causes hyperuricemia. Several Asteraceae tribes have activity as antihyperuricemia, one of which is the tapak liman plant (E. scaber) because of the compounds contained in the flavonoid group which has a working mechanism as an inhibitor of the xanthine oxidase enzyme. Objective: To determine the types of flavonoid compounds in tapak liman (E. scaber) plants that have antihyperuricemic activity. Method: This research is qualitative research using Literature Review Article (LRA) using Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, and Science direct databases with keywords related to the research topic, namely "Elephantopus scaber, antihyperuricemia, tapak liman, xanthine oxidase, flavonoids". Results: Compounds from the flavonoid group in tapak liman that have the potential as antihyperuricemia are luteolin compounds, luteolin-7-glucoside, quercetin, and rutin with the mechanism of inhibiting the activity of the xanthine oxidase enzyme. Conclusion: compounds from the flavonoid group in tapak liman that have the potential as antihyperuricemic compounds are luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, quercetin, and rutin. Keywords: Elephantopus scaber, antihyperuricemia, tapak liman, xanthine oxidase, flavonoids
The effect of drug information service using leaflet media and medication reminder chart on adherence and blood pressure of hypertensive patients in primary health care
Authors: Rikmasari Yopi
Published: January 2022

Abstract Background: Treatment adherence is an important factor affecting blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Intervention in pharmacy service can improve medication adherence and lower blood pressure. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of drug information service using leaflets and MRC on the level of patient compliance and lowering blood pressure. Method: The research design was a quasi-experimental pre-and post-design with control, the intervention group (n=20), and the control group (n=20). The patient adherence was measured using the MGLS questionnaire at the beginning and the end of the study. The intervention was performed by distributing a drug information leaflet and medication reminder chart (MRC). The differences of adherence pre and post-intervention were analyzed using paired t-test, while the differences in adherence and blood pressure between the control and the intervention group were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in adherence between pre and post-intervention (p<0.001). A significant difference was also found in the level of adherence between the control group and the intervention group (p<0.001). Whereas the decrease of systolic (p=0.396) and diastolic (p=0.564) blood pressure in the intervention group and control group was not different significantly. Conclusion: Drug information services using leaflets and MRCs affected patient adherence to medication, but did not interfere with the decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Keywords: leaflets, medication reminder chart, adherence, blood pressure
Formulation and evaluation of pumpkin fruit (Cucurbita maxima L.) emulgel
Authors: Erwiyani Agitya Resti , Ayu Sri Mustika , Ningtyas Winda Ayu , Vifta Rissa Laila
Published: January 2022

Abstract Background: The fruit of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.), one of genus Cucurbita, family Cucurbitaceae, has antioxidant activity due to the content of metabolites including amino acids, fatty acids, alpha-tocopherol, beta-tocopherol, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and beta-sitosterol. The content of carotenoids and tocopherols in pumpkin has antioxidant activity, reduces skin damage due to sun exposure, and can slow down the aging process. Objective: The study aimed to formulate pumpkin fruit emulgel and evaluate its physical stability during storage Method: Emulgel contains pumpkin fruit extracts at a concentration of 0.5 – 1.5% w/v. Emulgel evaluations were organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity at 2 - 8°C, room temperature, and 40 degree Celcius. The stability test observed the physical properties for 28 days. Results: Pumpkin fruit extracts contain flavonoids based on the TLC test. Emulgel showed organoleptic yellow color with pH in the range of 5, homogeneous, adhesion for more than 1 second, dispersion 5 – 7 cm, and viscosity 2000 – 4000 cP. Storage for 28 days did not show a significant difference at all storage temperatures and centrifugation tests. Conclusion Pumpkin fruit emulgel is stable at all storage temperatures 2 – 8 degree Celcius, 28 ± 2 degree Celcius, and 40 ± 2 degree Celcius. Keywords: emulgel, pumpkin, formulation, physical stability
HUBUNGAN INTELIGENSI DENGAN FUNGSI EKSEKUTIF PADA ANAK GIFTED
Authors: Ayomi Reneng
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara inteligensi dengan fungsi eksekutif pada anak gifted. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif korelasional dengan Spearman sebagai teknik analisa data. Partisipan penelitian merupakan siswa kelas unggulan yang bersekolah di salah satu sekolah swasta di kota Semarang, mempunyai IQ di atas 130, dan berusia 13-15 tahun. Pengumpulan data variabel inteligensi adalah dengan Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT) dan fungsi eksekutif menggunakan alat tes neuropsikologi. Hasil penelitian adalah secara umum, inteligensi tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan fungsi eksekutif pada anak gifted. Inteligensi berhubungan dengan dua domain fungsi eksekutif, yaitu inhibisi dan memori kerja namun tidak berhubungan dengan fleksibilitas kognitif.
Analisis Butir Soal Ujian Akhir Semester Gasal Menggunakan Program Anbuso di SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Irawati Rina , Ekawati Elvin Yusliana , Budiawanti Sri
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui kualitas butir soal penilaian akhir semester gasal kelas XI mata pelajaran Fisika SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali tahun ajaran 2019/2020 menggunakan program AnBuso, (2) mengetahui ketuntasan setiap indikator pada penilaian akhir semester gasal kelas XI mata pelajaran Fisika SMA Negeri 1 Boyolali tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan bantuan Program AnBuso.
Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif berbantuan program AnBuso versi 8.0, dengan mengumpulkan data-data kuantitatif yang didukung data kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, dengan sumber data berupa soal PAS fisika kelas XI tahun ajaran 2019/2020, kunci jawaban, kisi-kisi soal beserta jawaban peserta didik. Analisis butir soal dilakukan untuk mengetahui daya beda, tingkat kesukaran, efektivitas pengecoh, kualitas setiap butir soal dan ketuntasan setiap indikator. Jumlah soal yang dianalisis sebanyak 35 butir dalam bentuk pilihan ganda dengan 4 pilihan (A, B, C, D dan E). Sampel penelitian sebanyak 200 peserta didik yang diambil dari kelompok atas dan kelompok bawah, sedangkan untuk mengetahui ketuntasan setiap indikator melibatkan semua peserta didik kelas XI yang mengikuti PAS fisika.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Sebanyak 16 butir (45,71%) sudah memiliki kategori baik dengan daya beda baik atau cukup, semua alternatif jawaban efektif, dan tingkat kesukaran sedang. (2) Indikator yang sudah tuntas yaitu pada sub materi momen gaya (soal nomor 3) dan sub materi prinsip kerja pesawat (soal nomor 13) karena sudah dapat dikuasai oleh 85% peserta didik, sedangkan 33 indikator lainnya belum tuntas atau belum dapat dikuasai oleh 85% peserta didik.
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Dampak kepariwisataan terhadap perubahan pola urbanisasi di Indonesia
Authors: Nabal Alfred Rodriques Januar , Djaja Komara
Published: January 2022

Indonesia memasuki era perkotaan, ditandai oleh dominannya proporsi penduduk yang tinggal di kota. Urbanisasi memberi dampak bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kelayakan hidup orang Indonesia. Namun, urbanisasi juga menciptakan kesenjangan pembangunan antar-wilayah serta munculnya masalah kemiskinan dan kekumuhan. Di tengah paradoks urbanisasi ini, kepariwisataan muncul sebagai penggerak utama pembangunan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dampak kepariwisataan terhadap perubahan pola urbanisasi di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan model deskriptif-analitik. Pengumpulan data dan informasi melalui studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pergeseran paradigma, strategi pengembangan, dan pola pengelolaan pariwisata di Indonesia mengubah corak urbanisasi dalam dua pola. Pertama, munculnya pola urbanisasi yang mengubah desa menjadi daerah yang memiliki ciri perkotaan karena pengembangan pariwisata perdesaan. Kedua, berkembangnya kota-kota kecil, sedang, dan kota-kota (daerah urban) baru karena tren wisata kota. Kedua pola ini menciptakan urbanisasi yang proporsional dan berkontribusi dalam agenda pemerataan pembangunan di Indonesia.
DIGITALISASI KEKERASAN PEREMPUAN : STUDI REPRODUKSI PELECEHAN MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Islami Prima
Published: January 2022

Proses digitalisasi akibat perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi tidak hanya terjadi pada  media  namun dalam konten media yang ditampilkan dan dampaknya pun mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Media sosial merupakan bentuk media massa baru yang membentuk kontruksi dan pemaknaan terhadap peran laki-laki dan perempuan. Digitalisasi kekerasan pada perempuan melalui media mereproduksi pelecehan melalui media sosial.  Kajian ini dibuat untuk menjawab pertanyaan bagaimana bentuk reproduksi pelecehan dalam media sosial terjadi, bagaimana pola komunikasi media sosial dalam  mengkonstruksi kekerasan berbasis gender online, bagaimana dampak tindakan pelecehan di media sosial terhadap korban dan bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah melihat transformasi kekerasan pada perempuan di ruang digital. 

Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis wacana dari  konten dan  komentar yang ada pada tiga media sosial utama yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat dan menggunakan metode social network analysis untuk mempelajari pola komunikasi digital dalam media sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media sosial melahirkan bentuk pelecehan baru yang menempatkan perempuan sebagai objek akibat dominasi kuasa yang dibangun oleh budaya patriaki dan berdampak pada bentuk pelecehan lainnya seperti komentar jahat, ujaran kebencian, konten gambar tidak senonoh dan, pelecehan secara online. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada munculnya ketidakadilan gender seperti marginalisasi, subordinasi terhadap perempuan akibat stereotipe yang dibangun dan beban ganda pada perempuan korban reproduksi kekerasan melalui media sosial.
HABITUASI SISWA DALAM EKSTRAKURIKULER MARCHING BAND DI SMAN 1 CIOMAS
Authors: Romdhoni Mochamad , Irfani Lindawati Yustika , Soetrisnaadisendjaja Denny
Published: January 2022

Pendidikan berperan aktif dalam membentuk habituasi siswa untuk memiliki karakter dan perilaku yang baik di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan suatu proses habituasi nilai karakter dan peran ekstrakurikuler Marching Band dalam pembentukan karakter siswa di SMAN 1 Ciomas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari anggota dan Pelatih ekstrakurikuler Marching Band, guru BK serta Wali Kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya habituasi dalam ekstrakurikuler Marching Band di SMAN 1 Ciomas yang mampu berperan dalam pembentukan nilai karakter siswa dalam setiap prosesnya melalui empat aspek dari reproduksi kultural, yaitu habitus, kapital (modal), arena (ranah) dan kekerasan simbolik. Nilai karakter siswa (anggota) ekstrakurikuler Marching Band  direalisasikan pada perilaku dan tindakan siswa dalam disiplin waktu, disiplin berpakain seragam, bertanggung jawab, konsisten, semangat, fokus, menghormati Pelatih, jujur dan memiliki jiwa pemimpin.
Elaborating Procedural Texts and Videos of Indonesian Culinary to Enhance Speaking Performances
Authors: Hasanah Yuli Astuti
Published: January 2022

The study described how the elaboration of creating procedural texts and videos of Indonesian culinary was used in selected EFL speaking classes in Kediri, Indonesia. The subjects of the research were the second-semester college students of IAIN Kediri. The researcher found that students had low performances in the speaking class. Classroom action research was applied to the study. The instruments used to collect the data were field notes, questionnaires, and interviews. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively. The result of the study identified that students increased collaboration of group working, confidence, learning motivation, and creativity. The study resulted those problems in speaking English could be solved through this technique. This study implies that the students improved their speaking performances by demonstrating procedural texts of making Indonesian culinary and recording them into videos that could be deliberately spread out through the YouTube website to share as valuable sources of knowledge and tutorials.
Revealing Teachers’ Methods in Teaching Test of English as Foreign Language (TOEFL)
Authors: Maharani Sinta , Miftachudin Miftachudin
Published: January 2022

This study aims to investigate Teachers’ methods and find out the most common use method in teaching TOEFL in International Class Program (ICP) of IAIN Salatiga. This qualitative research applies interviews and documentation in populating data. The data were derived from lecturers’ journals on teaching TOEFL from 2010 to 2020 and probed the details on the interview session with the lecturers of TOEFL in ICP of IAIN Salatiga. The researcher found there were ten methods namely Synchronous and Asynchronous Method, Autonomous Learner Method, Drill and Practice Method, Error Analysis Method, Games Based Learning Method, Inquiry-Based Instruction Method, Questions & Answers Method, Mind Mapping Method, and Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) Method. The most common use methods in teaching TOEFL are Drill and Practice Method, and Discussion Method. The result of this study provides the teachers’ insight in teaching TOEFL effectively.
Tingkat Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Guru Biologi Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Daryanes Febblina , Putra Riki Apriyandi
Published: January 2022

Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu aspek berpikir yang digunakan dalam mengatasi permasalahan dan menfasilitasi penemuan informasi yang tepat baik melalui proses analisis, interpretasi, evaluasi,  inferensi dan pembuktian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat kemampuan berpikir kritis para guru Biologi SMA Negeri di Kota Pekanbaru. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu semua guru Biologi SMA Negeri Kota Pekanbaru yang berjumlah 62 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh. Data dikumpukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pedoman wawancara, kuesioner disusun berdasarkan 5 indikator berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan oleh Marzano. Data kuesioner dianalisis dengan cara menghitung persentase kemudian dilakukan interpretasi menjadi beberapa kategori, sedangkan hasil wawancara dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis Guru Biologi SMA Negeri Kota Pekanbaru sebesar 88.2% dengan persentase tertinggi pada indikator “akurat dan mencari akurasi” yaitu sebesar 92,5% berada pada kategori sangat baik sedangkan indikator terendah yaitu “jelas dan mencari kejelasan” dengan persentase sebesar 84,3% berada pada kategori baik. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa  tingkat berpikir kritis Guru Biologi SMA Negeri Kota Pekanbaru berada pada kategori sangat baik dan guru senior dengan lama mengajar >20 tahun memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan guru junior dengan lama mengajar < 10 tahun.
Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel dan Rasio Bahan Terhadap Pelarut Air pada Distilasi Minyak Atsiri Temulawak
Authors: Budiyati Eni , Nugroho Angga Fredo , Fauziati Ristiana
Published: January 2022

Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) essential oil is one of the curcuminoids sources that are widely used in the food and health industries. Temulawak oil extraction usually uses ethanol as a solvent which is relatively less safe for health. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of particle size and the ratio of materials to water solvents in the distillation process of Javanese turmeric essential oil. The experiment was conducted at the Chemical Engineering Research Laboratory, Muhammadiyah University, Surakarta. The treatments tested were the powder size (20, 40, 60, dan 140 mesh), the ratio of material to water solvent (w/v) consisted of 100:800, 150:750, 200:700, and a distillation time of 3 hours at a constant temperature of 100oC with an interval of distillation duration of 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; and 3 hours. The parameters observed were the essential oil quality: organoleptic, refractive index, pH, mass or volume of the oil produced, and curcuminoid compounds using the GC-MS method. The maximum yield of Javanese turmeric essential oil (18.01g) was obtained at a particle size of 140 mesh with a distillation duration of 1.5–2 hours, and the ratio of raw material to solvent 100:800 (g.ml-1). Based on the GCMS analysis, the highest components in the Javanese turmeric essential oil were α-curcumin (42.17%) and α-cedrene (11.14%). The results indicated that the distillation process of Javanese turmeric oil using water as a solvent can be used as an alternative to substitute ethanol as a solvent.
Dynamic Shear Failure of Freeze-Thawed Tibet Hornfels Subjected to Multilevel Cyclic Shear (MLCS) Loads: Insights into Structural Dependent Failure Characteristics
Authors: Wang Yu , Xia Yingjie
Published: January 2022

Shear instability behavior is typical failure mode of rock mass in civil and mining engineering. Many attempts have been performed for rock joints or nonpersistent rock bridge under static shear conditions, yet the shear failure of rock mass subjected to cyclic or fatigue shear conditions is not well understood. Multilevel cyclic shear (MLCS) loading experiments were carried out on freeze-thawed hornfels to reveal the fracture and energy evolution characteristics using a self-special designed rock dynamic shear testing apparatus. The effect of the preexisting natural fracture on rock shear strength, deformation, energy dissipation, and shear failure pattern were experimentally investigated. The testing results show that aperture of open-mode fractures increases quickly, and this kind of natural fracture contributed a lot to rock failure. The evolution of stress hysteresis loop and its pattern are impacted by natural fracture, and it determines the damage accumulation. In addition, a damage evolution model was proposed to describe the damage evolution defined by the dissipated energy; the model can well describe the two-stage damage propagation for each cyclic stage and the entire cyclic loading process. Good agreement was found among the irreversible strain, energy dissipation, and failure morphology that are influenced by the preexisting natural fractures. It is suggested that the rock dynamic shear failure behaviors are rock structural dependent; the disturbed stress alters the energy dissipation and release characteristics.
Un extraño enemigo Representaciones del movimiento estudiantil del 68 en la ficción mexicana On Demand
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Amaya Trujillo Janny
Published: January 2022

“El 2 de octubre no se olvida”. Esa consigna sintetiza la demanda de memoria en torno a uno de los hechos más oscuros de la historia mexicana reciente: la masacre de la Plaza de las Tres Culturas de Tlatelolco, en 1968. El 2 de octubre de 2018, en el marco de la conmemoración del 50 aniversario de estos sucesos, se estrenó Un extraño enemigo, un thriller político, que describe el surgimiento y desarrollo del movimiento estudiantil de 1968 en México. La serie fue producida por Televisa y distribuida mundialmente a través de Amazon Prime Video. En este trabajo se analiza críticamente la representación del movimiento estudiantil construida en la serie y- desde ese enclave- procura explorar cómo el recurso a la representación ficcional del pasado puede vincularse a estrategias más amplias de legitimación cultural y política de la televisión. Se aborda la serie como evento textual, cuyo funcionamiento social se articula en relación con otros textos y discursos (Couldry, 2000). Por una parte, se analizan un conjunto de paratextos promocionales y periodísticos a través de los cuales se posicionaron socialmente los sentidos preferentes de la serie y, por otro lado, se examinan los sentidos sobre el pasado construidos en ella.
Comparativo da eficácia da oxitetraciclina de longa ação e convencional no tratamento da anaplasmose
Authors: Mendes Ricardo Evandro , Werlang Rafael André , Chiocca Raul , Sacco Surian Soraya Regina , Surian Cesar Rodrigo , Peripolli Vanessa
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a oxitetraciclina (longa ação e convencional/curta ação) frente a Anaplasma sp. em bovinos leiteiros. Comparou-se dois parâmetros: percentual de hemácias parasitadas e volume globular (hematócrito). Tais parâmetros foram avaliados em quatro tempos: no momento do diagnóstico e 24, 48 e 72 horas após (T0, T24, T48 e T72). Um total de 34 bovinos foram tratados, sendo 17 com oxitetraciclina de longa ação (GLA) e 17 com oxitetraciclina convencional, de ação curta (GCo). Ambos os grupos receberam a primeira dose de oxitetraciclina no momento do diagnóstico. Para o GLA, nas duas primeiras aferições, o percentual de hemácias parasitadas se manteve constante, tendo a primeira redução significativa na terceira avaliação (T48), sendo que o valor também diminuiu quando comparados T48 e T72. Já para o GCo, a redução da carga parasitária foi significativa desde a primeira aferição após o tratamento inicial (T24), ocorrendo de forma gradual e constante nos demais tempos. Não houve interação entre o tipo de tratamento e o tempo de ação sobre o hematócrito, porém, houve efeito do tempo de aplicação para este parâmetro. Conclui-se que o tratamento realizado no GCo foi mais eficiente, pois uma redução significativa no número de hemácias parasitadas foi observada desde a primeira aferição, ou seja, 24 horas após a primeira aplicação de oxitetraciclina. Em comparação com o GLA, a redução significativa ocorreu somente 48 horas após a administração. Portanto, recomenda-se que o tratamento para anaplasmose com oxitetraciclina seja realizado sempre com uma primeira aplicação de oxitetraciclina de curta ação, visando uma mais rápida resposta terapêutica.
Síndrome do jejuno hemorrágico em bovinos: estudo retrospectivo (2013-2020)
Authors: Olivo Zanelatto Gabrielli , Felicetti Perosa Fernanda , Gimenes da Silva Isabela , Pelisser Giovana , Mendes Ricardo Evandro , Milagres Augusto Gomes Teane
Published: January 2022

A síndrome do jejuno hemorrágico (SJH) é uma enfermidade emergente, caracterizada por enterite necrótica hemorrágica aguda de baixa morbidade e alta mortalidade. O agente etiológico sugerido é Clostridium perfringens tipo A, apesar da patogênese ainda não ser bem estabelecida. A síndrome ocorre principalmente em bovinos leiteiros, embora também tenham sido descritos casos em bovinos de corte. Não há tratamento específico para a síndrome. Esse estudo teve como objetivo relatar a ocorrência de casos de síndrome do jejuno hemorrágico diagnosticados em bovinos pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária do Instituto Federal Catarinense – Campus Concórdia (LPV) entre os anos de 2013 e 2020. Nesse período, foram diagnosticados, por necropsia e histopatologia, 19 casos de SJH de um total de 1.295 bovinos necropsiados pelo LPV, correspondendo a 1,4% dos casos. A síndrome tem um prognóstico ruim e pode levar à perda de animais de alto valor zootécnico. Como a enfermidade é uma importante causa de morte de bovinos leiteiros em Santa Catarina, faz-se necessário mais pesquisas visando obter informações acerca da etiologia e patogênese da síndrome, além de estratégias de prevenção e manejo a fim de mitigar a ocorrência da SJH.
Correction of Orbital Implant Exposure Using A Supra-Brow Island Flap Pedicled with Orbicularis Oculi Muscle.
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhen , Ye Xinhai
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To describe our experience of the supra-brow island flap pedicled with orbicularis oculi muscle technique for correcting orbit implant exposure.Materials and methods: This retrospective study reviewed 32 patients underwent orbit implant exposure surgery using a supra-brow island flap pedicled with orbicularis oculi muscle autograft. All data were reviewed from patients in Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai during 2018.1-2020.7. Patient demographics, the original etiology, surgical procedures, implant types, and follow-up interval were recorded. Main outcome was the long-term coverage of implant after a supra-brow island flap pedicled with orbicularis oculi muscle autograft; the rate of post-surgical complications and management were secondary outcome.Results: 28 eyes of 32 patients had functional results and satisfactory cosmetic at final follow up(range, 9-29 months). In 4 patients, recurrence of exposure was recorded during follow-up and in two of these patients using DFG was performed, one patient was treated conservatively, one patient refused treatment. There were no clinically significant complications.Conclusions: A supra-brow island flap pedicled with orbicularis oculi muscle autograft could be a reliable technique to manage or to prevent orbital implant exposure irrespective of primary surgery, exposed area, and implant material.
Autonomy and Parental Consent Decisions for Public Health Interventions: a Qualitative Meta-synthesis of School Age Vaccination
Authors: Jeavons Charlotte , Stavropoulou Charitini , Drey Nicholas
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe issue of consent for vaccine programmes has been highlighted recently by global pandemic caused by COVID – 19 and the need for rapid uptake of vaccinations. ‘Vaccine hesitancy’ is now an ordinary part of the conversation when discussing population-based programmes aimed at reducing the spread of disease. To provide, refuse or delay consent is has often seen as tangible expression of the acceptability of public health intervention, but debate has started to include the consent process itself, particularly where one person is making the decision for another e.g parent for child. In developed countries parental consent is required prior to vaccination of children. Health professionals are trained to provide medical facts to parent to help them make a choice but not to interfere in personal decisions. However, deciding whether to consent to or refuse vaccination on behalf of a child can be a difficult task for some parents and there is little understanding of the influences that facilitate or impede parents’ decision making.The following question was posed: What influences parents’ decisions to provide or refuse their consent for inclusion into public health programmes aimed at their school age children (4-18 years) in developed national healthcare systems?MethodsThis is a systematic review that uses qualitative meta-synthesis. PsychINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE and the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences were searched for papers. After screening abstracts and full texts, 14 papers were subject to quality standards review and ultimately nine papers were included in the final review. First, second, and third order constructs were identified. First order constructs were taken as participant views, interpretations put forward by the papers’ authors were deemed second order constructs, before any commonalities were identified and grouped into third order constructs that were subsequently arranged into seven major analytical themes.FindingsParents’ provide or refuse consent based on more than the factual, evidence-based information supplied by health professionals. Personal information from a trusted source often has more influence, with parents valuing this ‘evidence’ as much as traditional scientific information. Consent decisions reflect the fact that people are inherently social beings that are politically and economically located in society. Parents’ consent decisions are influenced by a complex web of circumstances. ConclusionWe should not think of consent for public health interventions in simplistic terms i.e. where medically factual information is provided by health professionals on with no other input and on which we expect parents to make a decision. This is an outdated mode of operating based on medical model of health.
Recent Trends in Tropical Cyclones Over the Arabian Sea and the Vulnerability of India’s West Coast
Authors: Thomas Stefy , P.R. Lekshmy
Published: January 2022

The IPCC’s sixth assessment report emphasizes the increase in the frequency of stronger Tropical Cyclones (TC, category 3–5) over the last four decades. The Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) exhibits identical trends. The Arabian Sea (AS) has become a breeding ground for TCs that have wreaked havoc on Oman, UAE, Iran, Muscat, and India’s west coast in recent years. The west coast of India is extremely vulnerable to TCs due to its unique coastal topography and population density. Most of the research on the North Indian Ocean is focused on Bay of Bengal (BoB) TCs, which necessitates rigorous studies in AS. The focus of this study is to improve our understanding of TC activity over AS by analysing the frequency of TCs and explaining observed higher intensity TCs in terms of Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) and Power Dissipative Index (PDI) over the last 39 years. Energy metric analysis confirms the increasing intensity of TCs in AS. Annual ACE and PDI have been increasing in recent years primarily due to monsoon and post-monsoon TCs. While pre-monsoon TCs show a decreasing trend. The effect of El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on TCs in AS is found to be negligible. The study also attempts to ascertain the vulnerability of western coastal districts to TCs using housing damage risk data Vulnerability Atlas of India. Ahmedabad and Vadodara in Gujarat, Thane and Mumbai Suburban in Maharashtra, Dakshin Kannada in Karnataka, and Malappuram, Ernakulam, and Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala are among the most vulnerable districts along India’s western coast.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Beetroot Juice Consumption on Inflammatory Markers and Oxidative Stress in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Karimzadeh Laleh , Behrouz Vahideh , Sohrab Golbon , Hedayati Mehdi , Emami Golpar
Published: January 2022

Background/Objectives Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are both major underlying factors for the initiation and progression of diabetes as well as for the development of long-term diabetes-related consequences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was designed to evaluate the effects of concentrated beetroot juice (BJ) consumption on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in patients with T2DM.Methods In this 12-weeks randomized clinical trial, forty-six patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to either the concentrated BJ or the control group. The BJ group received 12 ml concentrated beetroot juice twice daily, whereas the control group received no intervention. At baseline and the end of week 12, plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were measured.Results Compared with control group, concentrated BJ reduced IL-6 (−0.1 vs. 0.83, p = .001), TNF-α (−1.28 vs. 5.51, p = .001), and NF-κB (−0.03 vs. 0.36, p = .005) after 12 weeks intervention; plasma concentration of MDA and hs-CRP did not change between groups after intervention. Intra-group comparison with paired t-test disclosed that daily BJ consumption could not change oxidative stress and inflammatory markers except for TNF-α compared with baseline values. However, the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB increased significantly in the control group at the end of week 12 compared to baseline (p = .001, p = .001, p = .021, respectively). Conclusions In conclusion, our study indicates that daily consumption of 24 ml concentrated BJ to patients with T2DM reduces the concentrations of some inflammatory markers including IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB which are involved in the pathogenesis of complications of T2DM.Trial Registration This study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the following identification: IRCT20150815023617N5.
Structural Variation Detection of Adolescent Thyroid Cancer Using Optical Mapping
Authors: yang Lei , Wu Shaochang , Liao Baosheng , Guo Shuai , Wang Shengcai , Liu Yuwei , Fan Jialin , Tai Jun , Chen Jun , Ni Xin , Xu Jiang
Published: January 2022

Structural variation (SV) is a fundamental genetic cause for cancer, with demonstrated correlation to disease progression and treatment response. Traditional sequencing method cannot provide full genomic landscape especially large-scale and complex structural variation. To overcome these limitations, we adopted a combined sequencing approaches, including optical mapping, single molecular sequencing and short reads shotgun sequencing, to evaluate the SV in thyroid cancer. Different numbers, length and types of structural variation, with genes affected by SV were scrutinized. Integrating these results could showed comprehensive scenario for thyroid cancer in a genomic view. We demonstrate that integrated approaches could provide a powerful tool for capturing a higher level of genomic SV, creating new interpretation of sequencing data of particular relevance to human cancer.
Increased Asymmetric Dimethylarginine In Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Xiao-Hong , Xia Long , Xiang Tao , Wang Han
Published: January 2022

Background: Hypertension is the leading risk factor for vascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, arterial stiffness, and stroke. Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels have been reported to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. However, the role of ADMA in hypertension remains undetermined. To derive a more accurate estimate of circulating ADMA levels in hypertension patients, a meta-analysis was performed. Result: The Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched (up to October 10, 2021) for relevant published literature. To assess study heterogeneity, Cochran’s Q and the I2 statistic were calculated. Publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot. A total of 1951 articles were identified, of which 28 studies with 2694 subjects (1534 hypertension patients and 1160 healthy controls) were ultimately included. Plasma/serum ADMA levels were found to be higher in hypertension patients than in healthy controls (standard mean difference = 1.27, 95% confidence interval [0.99, 1.54]). Conclusion: Therefore, strategies aimed at reducing ADMA may constitute an effective therapeutic approach to prevent the development of hypertension in patients.
Influence of Copper Slag On The Mechanical And Durability Properties of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Sivamani Jagan
Published: January 2022

Excessive consumption of river sand has necessitated the utilization of alternative sustainable materials. Perhaps, slag produced as a by-product during copper extraction was dumped as waste, leading to disposal problems. This study investigates copper slag (CS) as a substitute for river sand in high-strength concrete (HSC). The concrete mixtures were manufactured with 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% of CS to evaluate the mechanical and durability properties at 7 and 28 days. The results indicate that replacing CS above 50% affects the performance characteristics of the HSC. The strength of HSC with 50% CS was improved by 5.6%, whereas the strength of HSC with 100% CS was reduced by 2.75% at 28 days. However, increased curing to 90 days improved the strength of the former by 7.16% and reduced the latter by only 0.23%. The water absorption, porosity, and RCPT of the concrete mixtures with 100% CS were increased by 10.44%, 13.20%, and 19.56% compared to control concrete. The microstructural investigations report the formation of voids in the concrete mixtures with CS beyond the optimum level of replacement.
Biological Degradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate by Rhizobacteria
Authors: Dhaka Vaishali , Singh Simranjeet , Ramamurthy Praveen , Samuel Jastin , Naik Tandreborekaval , Khasnabis Sutripto , Prasad Ram , Singh Joginder
Published: January 2022

In view of growing demand of plastic products, an enormous proportion of plastic waste causing the biological issue is produced. Plants in collaboration with their rhizobacteria partners are also exposed to these contaminants. The aim of the study is to determine the rhizobacterial ability to biodegrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic. We isolated the rhizobacteria capable of degrading the PET plastic in minimal salt media using it as a sole carbon source. The three rhizospheric isolates namely Priestia aryabhattai VT 3.12 (GenBank accession No. OK135732.1), Bacillus pseudomycoides VT 3.15 (GenBank accession No. OK135733.1), and Bacillus pumilus VT 3.16 (GenBank accession No. OK1357324.1) showed the highest degradation percentage for PET sheet and powder. The biodegradation end products post 28 days for PET sheet and 18 days of PET powder were studied by FTIR, HPLC, and SEM, respectively. Our results showed significant biodegradation of PET plastic and the rate of degradation could account to over 65%. The present study proves soil rhizobacteria's potential and capabilities for efficient degradation of PET plastic occurring at the waste sites. It also implies that rhizobacteria could be beneficial in the remediation of PET waste in future applications.