bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental evidence for a mismatch between insect emergence and waterfowl hatching under increased spring temperatures
Authors: Hansson Lars-Anders , Ekvall Mattias K. , Ekvall Mikael T. , Ahlgren Johan , Holm William Sidemo , Dessborn Lisa , Brönmark Christer
Published: September 2014

By combining a large‐scale experimental assessment on timing of insect emergence with long‐term monitoring of waterfowl hatching date, we here show that insect emergence is mainly driven by temperature, whereas there is only a weak effect of increasing spring temperatures on inter‐annual variability in observations of waterfowl chicks. Hence, a change in timing of the mass‐emergence of insects from lakes and wetlands, which is the crucial food source for waterfowl chicks, will likely result in a consumer/resource mismatch in a future climate change perspective. Specifically, we experimentally show that a moderate increase in temperature of 3°C above ambient, expected to occur within 25–75 years, leads to a considerably (2 weeks) earlier, and more pronounced, peak in insect emergence (Chironomus sp). Moreover, by utilizing long‐term Citizen Science databases, ranging over several decades, we also show that common waterfowl species are unable to significantly adjust their reproduction to fit future temperature increase. Hence, based on our data we predict a future mismatch between insect emergence and waterfowl species basing their reproduction on temperature. This will have a profound impact on reproductive success and population dynamics of many aquatic birds, as well as on freshwater biodiversity.
Three Dimensional Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of Different Subway Tunnels Stray Current Fields
Authors: Wang Guo , Pei Xiao-Xiang
Published: September 2014

In order to analyze the distribution rules and influence of stray current on subway rectangulartunneland subway
Shield tunnel, threedimensional models were built separately. By changing the values of carry-current, ansys was used
toanalyzeunder different geological conditions.Simulations show that the potential attenuation is nonlinear from the subway
tunnel to the surrounding underground.The potential of the same location of surrounding media is different with different
carry-current.The amount of leakage stray current of rectangular tunnel is less than Shield tunnel under same geological
condition and same carry-current. Each points stray current in situation of surrounding soil media subway tunnel
shield can be analyzed by the three-dimensional finite element model, and provide the basis for the protection range of
stray current and the protection at a specific location.
Design of a Pressurized Rectangular Conduit With Triangular Bottom Using The Rough Model Method
Authors: ACHOUR Bachir
Published: September 2014

A new theory is presented to design pressurized conduits, particularly rectangular shaped conduit with
triangular bottom. This theory is based on a referential rough conduit model characterized by an arbitrarily assigned
relative roughness taken in the rough turbulent flow regime. Thus, the geometric elements of the chosen model are well
defined. In particular, the relative height of the rough model, which is expressed by an implicit relationship, has been
resolved by an appropriate limited development. The obtained relationship is used to calculate the almost exact value of
the relative height of the model depending solely on the given side slope. The absolute height of the rough model is given
by an explicit relationship based on measurable data in practice, such as side slope, discharge and energy slope. The
required linear dimensions of the conduit are obtained by multiplying the homologues linear dimensions of the rough
model by a non-dimensional correction factor which depends on the known rough model characteristics. Practical
examples are presented to explain the procedure of calculation and to better understand the advocated method.
The Use of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry, Ribotyping and Phenotypic Tests to Identify Lactic Acid Bacteria from Fermented Cereal Foods in Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Soro-Yao Amenan A , Schumann Peter , Thonart Philippe , Djè Koffi M , Pukall Rüdiger
Published: September 2014

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) protein analysis, automated ribotyping, and phenotypic tests (e.g., cell morphology, gas production from glucose, growth and acid production on homofermemtative-heterofermentative differential (HHD) agar medium, sugar fermentation patterns) were used to identify 23 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented cereal foods available in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.Pediococcusacidilactici(56.5%),Lactobacillusfermentum(30.4%),L.salivarius(4.3%),P.pentosaceus(4.3%) andL. plantarumsubsp.plantarum(4.3%) were the species and subspecies identified. Protein based identification was confirmed by automated ribotyping for selected isolates and was similar to that provided by the phenotypic characterization. MALDI-TOF MS protein analysis provided a high level of discrimination among the isolates and could be used for the rapid screening of LAB starter cultures.
An experience with colistin applied in treatment of imunocompromised patients with peritonitis on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Djurdjevic-Mirkovic Tatjana , Gvozdenovic Ljiljana , Majstorovic-Strazmester Gordana , Knezevic Violeta , Celic Dejan , Mirkovic Sinisa , Popovic Milica
Published: September 2014

Introduction. Immunocompromised patients, such as those with multiple myeloma
on peritoneal dialysis, are particularly susceptible to the occurrence of
peritonitis. Case report. We presented a 56-year-old female patient with a
10-year history of multiple myeloma. The patient was on peritoneal dialysis
since 2010. During 2012 the patient had the first episode of peritonitis
that was successfully managed, but in 2013 the second episode of peritonitis
occured. Analysis of dialysate culture and exit site swab revealed the
presence of multiresistant Acinetobacter spp., which was susceptible only to
colistin. Prompt colistin therapy was administered at the doses of 100,000
units/day during six days, which resulted in complete recovery of the
patient, as well as improvement of local abdominal findings. Gram-negative
bacteria (genus Acinetobacter) are common causative agents in
hospital-acquired infections. Studies confirmed susceptibility of
Acinetobacter to colistin, which was also the case with the presented
patient. Intravenous administration of colistin resulted in a complete
remission of this severe, life-threatening peritonitis. Conclusion. Patients
with multiple myeloma and renal failure are highly prone to severe
life-threatening infections.
Orthorhombic 11C pyrrhotite from Michałkowa, Góry Sowie Block, The Sudetes, Poland – preliminary report
Authors: Rybicki Maciej , Krzykawski Tomasz
Published: September 2014

This study provides the preliminary report about first occurrence of orthorhombic 11C pyrrhotite (Fe(1-x)S) from the Sudetes, Poland. Samples of pyrrhotite-containing two-pyroxene gabbro were found in a classic pegmatite locality in Michałkowa near Walim in the Góry Sowie Block. Based on microscopic methods, pyrrhotite is associated with pentlandite, chalcopyrite, chromite, ilmenite, gersdorffite, magnetite, biotite, magnesiohornblende, clinochlore, lizardite and talc. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) indicate that pyrrhotite has orthorhombic 11C structure and it is characterized by: a = 3.433(9) Å, b = 5.99(2) Å, c = 5.7432(5) Å, β = 90º and d102 = 2.06906 Å. Mössbauer studies confirmed the XRD data. Pyrrhotite has three sextets with hyperfine parameter values 30.8 T for sextet A, 27.9 T and 25.8 T for sextets B and C respectively, indicating orthorhombic structure, the composition near Fe10S11 and x = 0.0909
Researching Our Own Practice: An Individual Creative Process and a Dialogic-Collaborative Process: Self Knowledge is the Beginning of Wisdom. Krishnamurti (1991, p. 196)
Authors: Farren Margaret , Crotty Yvonne
Published: September 2014

In this paper, we explain how our individual PhD enquiries (Farren, 2006; Crotty, 2012) have informed the philosophical underpinnings of our postgraduate programmes. The approach used to ensure validity and rigour in the research process is presented. We report on the development of the International Research Centre for e-Innovation and Workplace Learning and its collaboration in European projects such as Pathway to Inquiry Based Learning, Inspiring Science Education (ISE) and the African based Global e-Schools and Communities Initiative (GeSCI) project Leadership Development in ICT and the Knowledge Society. Our claim is that researching our own practice can be a transformative experience for the practitioner-researcher who is committed to generating knowledge that has personal, professional and social value.
A Comprehensive Mathematical Programming Model for Minimizing Costs in A Multiple-Item Reverse Supply Chain with Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Mahmoudi Hoda , Fazlollahtabar Hamed
Published: September 2014

These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for IFAC conferences. A reverse supply chain is configured by a sequence of elements forming a continuous process to treat return-products until they are properly recovered or disposed. The activities in a reverse supply chain include collection, cleaning, disassembly, test and sorting, storage, transport, and recovery operations. This paper presents a mathematical programming model with the objective of minimizing the total costs of reverse supply chain including transportation, fixed opening, operation, maintenance and remanufacturing costs of centers. The proposed model considers the design of a multi-layer, multi-product reverse supply chain that consists of returning, disassembly, processing, recycling, remanufacturing, materials and distribution centers. This integer linear programming model is solved by using Lingo 9 software and the results are reported. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the proposed model is also presented.
Gender Influence on Resting Metabolic Rate and Adipocytokines Levels in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mihai Andrada , Zetu Cornelia , Carniciu Simona , Picu Ariana , Petcu Laura , Guja Cristian , Lixandru Daniela , Ionescu-Tîrgoviste Constantin
Published: September 2014

Background and Aims: Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is important to estimate energy requirements. Our aim was to investigate the RMR in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) in relation with obesity, gender, some adipokines and insulin resistance parameters. Material and Methods: 138 newly diagnosed T2DM adults were evaluated for anthropometric, clinical, biochemical parameters, and RMR. The group was subdivided according to body mass index and MS presence. Results: Determined RMR (RMRd), predicted RMR (RMRp), oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production at rest were significantly lower for subjects with BMI < 30 kg/m2 compared to subjects with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (p<0.001). RMRd positively correlated with fat-free mass (p < 0.001), waist (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), insulinemia (p = 0.021) and negatively with age (p < 0.001) and adiponectin (p = 0.027). The percent of determined from predicted RMR in subjects with MS was lower than in those without MS, but only for men (p< 0.005). Conclusions: Subjects with T2DM and MS have significantly lower than predicted RMR, compared to those without MS, indicating that they may have an energy sparing metabolism. Gender influences the energy metabolism and may play a particular role in energy the metabolism of people with T2DM and MS.
The Prognosis of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Vladu Mihaela , Clenciu Diana , Bîcu Mihaela , Mofa Maria
Published: September 2014

Background and Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which can evolve towards devastating micro and macro-vascular complications. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem, with adverse outcomes of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature death. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognosis in patients with DM and CKD, depending on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, according to the classification of Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease (KDIGO) from 2013 Materials and Methods: The study was epidemiological, transversal, non interventional type, with 600 subjects unselected patients divided into three subgroups: 200 patients with T1DM, 200 patients with T2DM and 200 age matched subjects without DM. The recorded data have been analyzed using the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), the 17.00 software (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, United States of America). Results:. We found a statistically significant difference among the three study groups (p < 0.0001) regarding the prognosis of CKD. Conclusions: DM represents an important risk factor for the appearance of CKD but also a negative prognosis factor for the patients with CKD.
Updates in Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Popescu Simona , Diaconu Laura , Timar Bogdan , Timar Romulus
Published: September 2014

Parenteral nutrition (PN) represents an alternative or additional approach when other nutrition routes are not succeeding or when using other routes is not possible or would be unsafe. The main goal of PN is to deliver a nutrient mixture closely related to requirements in a safe manner and without complications. The concentration of parenteral solutions (PS) determines their osmolarity, according to which, the solutions will be infused by peripheral or central venous access. The solutions used in central PN contain more glucose, which, together with amino acids and electrolytes, determines a hyperosmolar solution, which has to be administered in a large caliber vein. Central venous access may be maintained over long periods of time. In peripheral PN there are used solutions with a lower concentration of dextrose in order to obtain (solutions with the) an osmolarity lower than 900 mOsm/L, which can be administered in a peripheral vein. Peripheral PN is used over short periods of time because of the limited tolerance for a long term of peripheral veins. PN is an efficient method to ensure the nutritional support which can be associated with numerous complications, some of them severe, with lethal potential. Patients with PN need a daily physical examination and laboratory tests.
Dr. Google, The Specialist in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Dumitrescu Ştefania
Published: September 2014

Smartphones and other mobile devices have become an integral component of daily life for many people worldwide, offering a broad and up-growing range of functions and utilities. Social media, the information and communication technology, and the enhanced usability and pervasiveness of mobile devices have resulted in an enormous interest in the development of a large diversity of health care applications. This dynamic time for new technologies that overlaps the current epidemic of diabetes and obesity gives smartphones the potential to play a role in increasing healthcare delivery and efficiency. Research has consistently shown that diabetes and obesity management represents the medical area where mobile devices could help in achieving therapeutic goals and enhance patients’ quality of life. This paper comprises a brief overview of the current state of development, requirements and regulations in the health mobile applications industry, and a short overlook on mobile applications diversity, safety and efficacy towards the self-management of individuals with diabetes mellitus and/ or obesity and the enhancement of their quality of life.
Comparison between emulsified isoflurane and propofol/isoflurane combination on plasma thyroid hormones, insulin, glucose, and glucagon in dogs
Authors: Jiang Sheng , Lin Dong Qi , Hu Kui , Lu De Zhang , Li Lin , Guo Feng Ming , Fan Hong Gang
Published: September 2014

It is important to determine the varying effects of anaesthesia agents on the endocrine function. In this study, the effects of emulsified isoflurane and propofol-isoflurane on the endocrine function were compared in dogs. Sixteen dogs were randomly divided into two groups: one group (G1) of dogs were induced with intravenous 5 mg/kg propofol and maintained with inhaled 2–2.5% inspiratory isoflurane in 100% oxygen; second group (G2) of dogs were induced with intravenous 1 ml/kg emulsified isoflurane and maintained with intravenous 8 ml/kg/h emulsified isoflurane. Blood samples to determine the endocrine function were collected prior to induction of anaesthesia and at 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h after drug administration. Serum triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine concentrations in G1 increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 min and were higher than in G2. Serum insulin at 15 min and 30 min were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in both G1 and G2. Serum insulin in G1 was higher after anaesthesia than in G2. Serum glucagon decreased at 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min, without significant changes (P > 0.05). Serum glucose increased at 15 min and 30 min after anesthesia, and was significantly higher in G1 than in G2 (P < 0.05) at 60 min. In conclusion, both emulsified isoflurane and propofol-isoflurane anaesthesia affected triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, and insulin in dogs, but emulsified isoflurane anaesthesia had a minimal effect on triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine. With its less deleterious effect on the endocrine function, emulsified isoflurane may be more suitable for canine anaesthesia.
Radiological diagnosis of rectocutaneous fistulas in a cat - a case report
Authors: Łojszczyk-Szczepaniak Anna , Komsta Renata , Dębiak Piotr , Barbara Lisiak
Published: September 2014

Abscess and perirectal fistulas are common in humans but not so in animals. Fistulas located in tissues surrounding the anus are usually described in the course of furunculosis in dogs. This study presents the case of a one-year-old cat in which two rectocutaneous fistulas had formed. This process was a result of the chronic inflammation of tissues around the base of the tail due to the drainage of an abscess. The animal was referred for radiological examination with clinical signs of dyschezia. Faecal material was discharged only through the fistulas situated on both sides of the tail. The aim of the radiological examination was to preoperatively determine the course of the fistula tract and to identify their internal openings. Fistulography revealed that both fistulas were connected with each other and with the rectal lumen. Their external opening was located at the height of the 4th caudal vertebra, 1.5 cm (fistula on the right) and 2 cm (fistula on the left) from the wall of the rectum. The fistula located on the right side branched cranially. The rectal lumen in this area was significantly narrowed. Abscess formation resulting in the development of rectocutaneous fistulas has not yet been described in dogs or cats. In the present case, fistulography made it possible to identify directly the source and course of the fistula canal. This examination should be complemented by other diagnostic modalities, such as a contrast examination of the gastrointerstinal tract, ultrasound evaluation, and magnetic resonance imaging.
Changes in the myoelectrical activity during electrical stimulation of healthy and mastitis-changed mammary glands in dairy cows
Authors: Czerski Albert , Vasiľ Milan , Elečko Juraj , Farkašová Zuzana , Zigo František , Walski Tomasz , Zawadzki Wojciech , Gnus Jan , Janeczek Maciej , Chrószcz Aleksander
Published: September 2014

The aim of this study was to develop a new method of mastitis diagnosis. The study was carried out on 14 highly productive dairy cows of Holstein-Friesian breed. The animals were divided into two groups. The first clinical group consisted of 7 animals with confirmed mastitis. The second control group consisted of 7 mastitis-free animals. Mastitis was confirmed by clinical examination, California Mastitis Test, and bacteriological examination of the milk. The recording of spontaneous myoelectrical activity of the udder was followed by the registration of the voltage of the electrical current passed through the udder using EMS (electrical muscle stimulator). An increase of 540% in the amplitude of spontaneous spike potentials recorded in the mastitis-changed udder compared to the healthy udder was noted. Simultaneously, a decrease of 54% in the voltage of current generated by the electrical muscle stimulator passed through the mastitis-changed udder compared to the healthy udder was observed. The method of diagnosing mastitis in dairy cows shown in this study can be an alternative to California Mastitis Test because of its simplicity, velocity and inexpensiveness.
Determination of iodine and sodium content in fermented meat products purchased in the Czech Republic– a pilot study
Authors: Steinhauserová Pavla , Řehůřková Irena , Ruprich Jiří
Published: September 2014

Iodine deficiency is still one of acute global public health problems. The best strategy to ensure its required amount in human population is salt fortification with potassium iodate or iodide. Food industry plays an important role in supporting good health status of consumers. Using iodized salt in meat production is not mandatory in the Czech Republic. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate a group of salty meat products - fermented meats purchased in the Czech Republic in terms of iodine and sodium content. Totally 36 samples purchased in 9 major retail chains, produced in 9 different European countries were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. As the results show, the use of iodinated salt was obvious only among Czech producers. The application of iodinated and marine salt does not mean that those products are a good source of iodine. Consumers should be more informed about iodine and sodium content in food. They should also be more aware about the health impact of high sodium intake. This pilot study compares iodine and sodium content in this type of meat products produced in different European countries but purchased in the Czech Republic.
Effects of Zn/Cu Ratio and Silicon on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Tarnish and Corrosion Resistance of As-Cast 940 Silver Alloys
Authors: Hirunyagird Jirutthitikalpongsri , Chianpairot Amnuaysak , Nisaratanaporn Ekasit , Lothongkum Gobboon
Published: September 2014

This work studies the effects of Zn/Cu ratio and silicon on the improvement of mechanical properties, tarnish and corrosion resistance of 940 silver alloys. The silver alloys to be investigated are divided into 2 groups. The group 1 alloys are Ag-Cu-Zn alloys. The group 2 alloys are Ag-Cu-Zn-0.02Si alloys. The microstructures of all alloys to be tested look similar and consist of a Ag-rich matrix (α phase) and Cu-rich eutectic structure (α + β phase). The proportion of eutectic structure decreases by increasing Zn/Cu ratio. Increasing Zn/Cu ratio significantly decreases hardness, ultimate tensile strength, but markedly increases elongation. Addition of 0.02wt.- %Si to Ag-Cu-Zn alloys has no effect on hardness and ultimate tensile strength, but decreases elongation. The tarnish and corrosion resistance of Ag-Cu-Zn alloys in 1 % NaCl solution at 298 K significantly increases with increasing Zn/Cu ratio. Addition of silicon also improves tarnish resistance.
Experimental Investigation of the Corrosion Mechanism of Cemented Soils in Magnesium Sulfate Solution
Authors: Han Pengju , Chen Y. Frank , Shen Bozhu , Du David Y.
Published: September 2014

Soils stabilized by cement are found to be influenced by the environmental condition such as acid rain, seawater invasion, or industrial pollution. These adverse effects will lead to the deterioration of a structure. In order to study the process of corrosion effects including the changes of the corrosion rate of the surface, compression strength of the cemented soils and the Mg2+ and SO4
2− ion concentrations of the corrosive solutions have been determined. A series of experiments were conducted on the cemented soil blocks cured with different concentrations of MgSO4 solution. Specifically, the experimental work includes photo documentation, compressive strength tests and measurements of Mg2+ and SO4
2− ion concentrations. The test results show that the rate of corrosion for the sample surface increases with increasing concentration of the corrosive solution, while, the compressive strength decreases accordingly. Moreover, the corrosion rate degree intensifies with corrosion time. Chemical analysis of the corrosive environment indicates that CaSO4 reacts with the cemented soil, resulting in crystallizing corrosion products of 3 CaO ×Al2O3×3 CaSO4×32 H2O and CaCO3×CaSO4× CaSiO3×15 H2O. Mg(OH)2 reacts with 3 CaO ×2 SiO2×3 H2O (C-S-H) and forms new dissolving corrosive reactants such as MgO ×SiO2×H2O (M-S-H). It is concluded that the corrosion of cemented soils in MgSO4 solution is a complex reaction involving the resolving and crystallizing corrosive processes. Finally, a strength model for cemented soils is proposed based on the relationship between the compressive strength and the concentrations of Mg2+ and SO4
2− ions.
Diffusion Welding of Thick Components Fabricated by Inserted Powder Injection Molding*
Authors: Safarian Asghar , Karataş Çetin
Published: September 2014

Powder injection molding consisting of four stages – feedstock preparation, injection, debinding and sintering – is a unique technique to produce small and complex metal or ceramic components in high quantity. One of the limitations of this method is the production of thick components, which arises from difficulties in de-binding stage. In this study, a novel method is presented to produce thick components with large sections by powder injection molding using preformed inserts in the injection stage. By using a wrought insert on which the feedstock is injected, the thickness of an injected section that needs to be debound, is decreased, while the whole thickness of the component is still large. The key point in this method is the amount of diffusion welding of the wrought insert and the injected feedstock to form an integrated component. 316L stainless steel has been used as material for both insert and feedstock. The effects of insert/component diameter ratio and the sintering atmosphere on diffusion welding have been studied. Finally, a defect-free thick component with a diameter of 20 mm is fabricated with a bonded area at the interface of the insert and injected section having shear strength up to 427 MPa.
The Effect Of Nugget Sizes On Mechanical Properties In Resistance Spot Welding Of SPA-C Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Steel Sheets Used In Rail Vehicles*
Authors: Akkaş Nuri , İlhan Erdinç , Aslanlar Salim , Varol Faruk
Published: September 2014

This publication presents an experimental study on the resistance spot welding of SPA-C steel sheets used in side wall and roof application of rail vehicles. SPA-C atmospheric corrosion resistant steel sheets with a thickness of 2.3 mm were joined by using resistance spot welding as lap joint. A timer and current controlled resistance spot welding machine with 120 kVA capacity and a pneumatic application mechanism with a single lever were used to join the specimens. Welding periods were chosen as 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cycles (1 cycle = 0.02 s) and also welding currents were increased from 6 kA up to 14 kA by rising in steps of 0.5 kA. The electrode force was kept constant at 6 kN. The welding joints obtained were exposed to tensile peel and tensile shear tests and their nugget sizes were calculated by results of optical microscopy measurements. The effect of nugget sizes on tensile peel strength and tensile shear strength was researched by using related diagrams and the optimum welding currents and times were advised.
Anti-corrosion behaviour of VE/GF coatings on mild steel
Authors: Barbhuiya Salim , Choudhury Ikbal , Memon Shazim
Published: September 2014

In this study, the properties of vinyl ester/glass flake (VE/GF) coating on mild steel plates was investigated to determine its anti-corrosion performance. The corrosion penetration rate of VE/GF coated and uncoated mild steel was evaluated using immersion tests for 20 days. Corrosion resistance of the coating was evaluated in various corrosive environments viz. 5% HCl, 8% HCl, 5% NaOH and 7% NaOH. The mild steel plates were coated with four different thicknesses of VE/GF coating and a comparative analysis was carried out to evaluate the corrosion protection efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out before and after the immersion test to study the morphological changes and products of corrosion.
Experimental determination and thermodynamic calculation of the phase equilibria in the Co–Mn–Ta system
Authors: Wang Cuiping , Zhao Cancan , Lin Zhong , Liu Xingjun
Published: September 2014

The phase equilibria in the Co-rich corner of the Co–Mn–Ta system were investigated by means of optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction. Six isothermal sections in the Co-rich corner of the Co–Mn–Ta ternary system at 1300°C, 1200°C, 1100°C, 1000°C, 900°C, 800°C were experimentally determined. On the basis of previous and present experimental data of the phase equilibria, the thermodynamic assessments of the Mn–Ta binary and Co–Mn–Ta ternary systems were carried out by using CALPHAD. The thermodynamic parameters of the Mn–Ta binary and the Co–Mn–Ta ternary systems have been optimized for reproducing the experimental results in each system. An agreement between the calculated results and experimental data is obtained.
Fabrication and properties of porous silicon nitride ceramics via microwave sintering
Authors: Sun Mengyong , Cheng Xin , Li Qinggang , Huang Shifeng
Published: September 2014

Porous silicon nitride ceramics were fabricated without pore formers via microwave sintering. Microwave sintering at different temperatures produced unique microstructures with high porosity. The best porous silicon nitride ceramics were fabricated at 1550°C for 30 min; the resulting product had a bulk density of 1552 g cm−3, an open porosity of 43.9%, and a flexural strength of 43.6 MPa. The mean pore channel size and the dielectric constants of the fabricated porous silicon nitride ceramics ranged from 0.1 μm to 1 μm and 2.9 to 3.4 under different temperatures, respectively.
Near-Crash Identification in a Connected Vehicle Environment
Authors: Talebpour Alireza , Mahmassani Hani S. , Mete Fiorella , Hamdar Samer H.
Published: September 2014

The main objective of this study was to identify near crashes in vehicle trajectory data with interdriver heterogeneity and situation dependency considered. Several efforts have been made to evaluate the effects of near-crash events on safety with the use of naturalistic driving data, driving simulators, and test tracks. However, these efforts have faced some challenges because the observations reflected only the equipped vehicles. The development of connected vehicle technology provided the essential data to study high-risk maneuvers in the entire traffic stream. In this study, two near-crash detection algorithms were proposed. One algorithm had its basis in fixed thresholds, while the other considered interdriver heterogeneity and estimates driver-specific thresholds. The models were tested against two NGSIM trajectory data sets. Initial results showed that consideration of driver preferences resulted in more realistic identification of near crashes than otherwise.
Energy Consumption Reduction Strategies for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Connected Vehicle Technology in Urban Areas
Authors: Bhavsar Parth , He Yiming , Chowdhury Mashrur , Fries Ryan , Shealy Andrew
Published: September 2014

Automobile manufacturers have introduced plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) to reduce fossil fuel consumption. This paper details three optimization strategies that can be used to minimize the energy consumption of PHEVs further through an information exchange between PHEVs and infrastructure agents supported by connected vehicle technology (CVT). An earlier study focused on a freeway scenario. The study reported here developed strategies for an urban scenario with frequent stop-and-go conditions. Three strategies were considered on the basis of different types of information availability with the use of CVT. Only signal timing information was available in Strategy 1; only headway information was available in Strategy 2; and both signal timing and headway information were available in Strategy 3. The performance of PHEVs that received no real-time information was used as the base case for Strategies 1, 2, and 3 to evaluate each strategy. The optimization strategies resulted in energy consumption savings that ranged from 60% to 76%. An analysis, with various levels of penetration of CVT-supported PHEVs in traffic, was conducted to demonstrate the impact of these optimization strategies with their increased market share. For a case study network, a linear trend was found between energy savings and the penetration rate of CVT-supported PHEVs. Strategy 3, in which signal timing and headway data were provided to CVT-supported PHEVs, resulted in about 31% to 35% energy savings, with a 30% penetration of CVT-supported PHEVs at the peak hour volume.
One-Pot and Three-Component synthesis of Substituted Pyrimidines Catalysed by Boron Sulfuric Acid under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Soheilizad Mehdi , Adib Mehdi , Sajjadifar Sami
Published: September 2014

An efficient, simple and one-pot synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives by a three-component reaction of ketones, triethyl orthoformate, and ammonium acetate in the presence of boron sulfuric acid as a reusable and efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions is reported. The reusability of catalyst, simplicity of the starting materials, short reaction time, one-pot, and good yields of products are the main advantages.
Glacier volume estimation as an ill-posed inversion
Authors: Bahr David B. , Pfeffer W. Tad , Kaser Georg
Published: September 2014

Estimating a glacier’s volume by inferring properties at depth (e.g. bed topography or basal slip) from properties observed at the surface (e.g. area and slope) creates a calculation instability that grows exponentially with the size of the glacier. Random errors from this inversion instability can overwhelm all other sources of error and can corrupt thickness and volume calculations, unless problematic short spatial wavelengths are specifically excluded. Volume/area scaling inherently filters these short wavelengths and automatically eliminates the instability, while numerical inversions can also give stable solutions by filtering the correct wavelengths explicitly, as is frequently done when ‘regularizing’ a model. Each of the scaling and numerical techniques has applications to which it is better suited, and there are trade-offs in resolution and accuracy; but when calculating volume, neither the modeling nor the scaling approach offers a fundamental advantage over the other. Both are significantly limited by the inherently ‘ill-posed’ inversion, and even though both provide stable volume solutions, neither can give unique solutions.
A Critical Study of Informal New Media Uses in Sweden
Authors: Mylonas Yiannis
Published: September 2014

This study looks at a variety of “informal” uses of new media and ICTs. The term informal describes popular uses of digital technologies that often exist outside the norms, laws, and codes that dictate how digital technologies and networks are to be used. Such activities include what is commonly described as “piracy,” but also embrace different peer-to-peer practices. Informal activities develop due to the affordances of digital technologies, which allow space for creativity and personalization of use, but are also due to broader sociocultural variables and contextual issues. In general terms, informal activities are those that concern the amateur activities of people using digital programs, tools, and networks. Media scholars see great potential in new media/ICT affordances, as related to the proliferation of grassroots participation, communication, and creativity. Nevertheless, a growing critical literature forces us to examine the actualization of such potential. This paper discusses the aforementioned issues by looking at new media/ICT uses in Sweden; it departs from critical perspectives that take into consideration the political economy of new media, and the cultural-political critiques of late-modern consumer societies.
The Self-Help Book in the Therapeutic Ontosphere: A Postmodern Paradox
Authors: Collingsworth Jean
Published: September 2014

he self-help book is a prominent cultural and commercial phenomenon in the therapeutic ontosphere which permeates contemporary life. The generic term ’ontosphere’ is here co-opted from IT to describe a notional social space in which influential conceptualisations and shared assumptions about personal values and entitlements operate without interrogation in the demotic apprehension of ’’. It thus complements the established critical terms ’discourse’ and ’episteme’. In the therapeutic ontosphere the normal vicissitudes of life are increasingly interpreted as personal catastrophes. As new issues of concern are defined, it is assumed that an individual will need help to deal with them and live successfully. Advice-giving has become big business and the self-help book is now an important post-modern commodity. However a paradox emerges when the content and ideology of this apparently postmodern artifact is examined. In its topical eclecticism the genre is indeed unaligned with those traditional ’grand narratives’ and collective value systems which the postmodern critical project has sought to discredit. It endorses relativism, celebrates reflexivity and valorizes many kinds of ’personal truth’. Moreover readers are encouraged towards self-renovation through a process of ’bricolage’ which involves selecting advice from a diverse ethical menu along-side which many ’little narratives’ of localized lived experience are presented as supportive exemplars. However in asserting the pragmatic power of individual instrumentality in an episteme which has seen the critical decentering of the human subject, the self-help book perpetuates the liberal-humanist notion of an essential personal identity whose stable core is axiomatic in traditional ethical advice. And the heroic journey of self-actualization is surely the grandest of grand narratives: the monomyth. Thus the telic self-help book presents the critical theorist with something of a paradox.
Therapeutic Solutions, Disciplinary Ethics and Medical Truth on Self-Help TV
Authors: El-Shall Maryam
Published: September 2014

This article will consider the use of therapy television – specifically the self-help television program The Dr. Phil Show – as a locus of government. Specifically, I will examine the ways in which ethics are addressed as biopolitical problems of the self through the often disciplinary instruction of the therapist. In this respect The Dr. Phil Show is representative of a shift in the talk show genre away from the tabloid model to a pedagogical model. Self-help talk shows are increasingly concerned with the cultivation of the soul, the production of truth and the discipline of the body. I demonstrate this by analyzing a series of Dr. Phil Show episodes centered on the confession and obesity, respectively. I emphasize the connection between TV expertise – here embodied in the discourse of the expert/therapist Dr. Phil McGraw – and neo-liberal goals requiring subjects to both care, and take responsibility, for themselves.
Sustainabilities in the Cultural Economy
Authors: Ren Carina , O´Dell Tom , Budeanu Adriana
Published: September 2014

No abstract available.
EGF Potentiation of VEGF Production Is Cell Density Dependent in H292 EGFR Wild Type NSCLC Cell Line
Authors: Ranayhossaini Daniel , Lu Jin , Mabus John , Gervais Alexis , Lingham Russell , Fursov Natalie
Published: September 2014

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) affects millions of patients each year worldwide. Existing therapies include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition using small molecules or antibodies with good efficacy. Unfortunately, intrinsic and acquired resistance to EGFR therapy remains a persistent complication for disease treatment. A greater understanding of the role of EGFR in NSCLC etiology is crucial to improving patient outcomes. In this study, the role of EGFR in tumor angiogenesis was examined in H292 NSCLC cells under the pretense that confluent cells would exhibit a more angiogenic and growth-centered phenotype. Indeed, confluent H292 cells potentiated endothelial cell angiogenesis in co-culture models in an EGFR-dependent manner. While confluent H292 cells did not exhibit any change in EGFR protein expression, EGFR localization to the extracellular membrane was increased. EGFR membrane localization coincided with a comparable potentiation of maximal EGFR phosphorylation and was followed by a 3-fold increase in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) production as compared to subconfluent cells. EGFR-mediated VEGF-A production was determined to be dependent on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation and not phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling. These results identify unique cell density dependent phenotypes within a monoclonal NSCLC cell line and provide a potential mechanism of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic NSCLC.
Pinocembrin Protects the Brain against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Reverses the Autophagy Dysfunction in the Penumbra Area
Authors: Zhao Gang , Zhang Wen , Li Li , Wu Song , Du Guanhua
Published: September 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pinocembrin on brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the potential involvement of autophagy activity changes in the penumbra area in the mechanisms of pinocembrin activity. Focal cerebral I/R model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h followed by 24 h reperfusion. Pinocembrin was administered intravenously at different doses (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, respectively) at the onset of reperfusion. Neurological function, brain infarction and brain swelling ratio were evaluated. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method and immunohistochemical analysis (Caspase-3) were used to evaluate apoptosis in the penumbra cortex. Two key proteins of autophagy, LC3B and Beclin1, were detected by western blot. The results showed that pinocembrin-treatment could significantly reduce neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, cerebral edema and improve pathological lesion in the I/R rats. Pinocembrin-treatment could also reduce the number of TUNEL-positive and Caspase-3-positive neurons, and upregulate the expression of LC3B and Beclin1 in penumbra area. These results suggested that pinocembrin could protect the brain against I/R injury, and the possible mechanisms might be attributed to inhibition of apoptosis and reversed autophagy activity in penumbra area.
Non-covalent and reversible functionalization of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Di Crescenzo Antonello , Ettorre Valeria , Fontana Antonella
Published: September 2014

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been proposed and actively explored as multipurpose innovative nanoscaffolds for applications in fields such as material science, drug delivery and diagnostic applications. Their versatile physicochemical features are nonetheless limited by their scarce solubilization in both aqueous and organic solvents. In order to overcome this drawback CNTs can be easily non-covalently functionalized with different dispersants. In the present review we focus on the peculiar hydrophobic character of pristine CNTs that prevent them to easily disperse in organic solvents. We report some interesting examples of CNTs dispersants with the aim to highlight the essential features a molecule should possess in order to act as a good carbon nanotube dispersant both in water and in organic solvents. The review pinpoints also a few examples of dispersant design. The last section is devoted to the exploitation of the major quality of non-covalent functionalization that is its reversibility and the possibility to obtain stimuli-responsive precipitation or dispersion of CNTs.
Autour d' Autisme : comment rendre les parents fous ! de Catherine Vanier
Authors: Mathelin Catherine , Douville Olivier
Published: September 2014

À l’occasion de la publication de son dernier livre Autisme : comment rendre les parents fous ! , Catherine Vanier s’entretient avec Olivier Douville sur ce qu’est aujourd’hui la situation des enfants diagnostiqués « autistes » et la vie que connaissent les parents de ces enfants. Peu de psychopathologies ne déclenchent une telle passion que ne le fait l’autisme, ne donnent lieu à de telles cascades d’affirmations non fondées, ne suscitent tant d’implications des politiques et des média. Au risque que ce mot redouté et fascinant d’« autisme » finisse par ne plus vouloir rien dire. Ce livre et l’entretien qui en résulte ne ménagent pas non plus certaines positions frileuses en psychanalyse lorsque certains s’autorisent d’étiologie étroite, culpabilisante ou que d’autres s’en tiennent à l’idéologie d’une psychanalyse « pure », fermée au dialogue et à l’invention.
Rhapsodies synaptiques, discordances et ré-harmonisations
Authors: Bourgeois Jean-Pierre
Published: September 2014

Dans le cortex cérébral, les réorganisations de la synaptoarchitectonie accompagnent le développement, la maturation, le déclin, et les altérations pathologiques, des capacités dynamiques de l’appareil psychique. Sa très grande plasticité permet aussi toutes sortes de méthodes de restaurations, incluant la cure psychanalytique.
Le rêve, une passerelle possible entre psychanalyse et neurosciences ?
Authors: Lauret Monique
Published: September 2014

L’interprétation freudienne du rêve n’a pu être exploitée dans les recherches neuroscientifiques débutées dans les années 1960, du fait d’un malentendu dans sa lecture, laissant la psychanalyse prendre de l’avance dans la compréhension de la fonction de cette formation de l’inconscient. Les chercheurs neuroscientifiques actuels semblent s’orienter vers une acceptation de certaines composantes psychiques à l’œuvre dans le processus du rêve, comme les émotions, les souvenirs, ainsi que le langage. Le rêve s’avère donc être une passerelle possible d’ouverture entre ces deux champs.
La traduction à l'épreuve de l'inconscient ; destins de l'allemand freudien
Authors: Gillie Claire
Published: September 2014

À partir de notre travail de traduction de L’avenir d’une illusion de Freud, et de L’illusion d’un avenir de Pfister, nous porterons témoignage de l’enjeu d’un retour à la lettre freudienne. Après s’être prêté au mouvement de torsion qu’exige la passe d’une langue à l’autre – de l’allemand freudien, langue originelle de la psychanalyse, au français –, l’analyste traducteur invite à restaurer la source du lexique-souche freudien. Dans le transfert de langue, peut alors s’éprouver la « traduction finie et infinie » qui fait mettre au travail la pensée freudienne d’une part, les concepts de la psychanalyse, de l’autre.
Margaret Little : une non-personne ?
Authors: Sédat Jacques
Published: September 2014

Margaret Little (1901-1994) a accompli aux côtés de Winnicott, en Grande-Bretagne, un travail important, longtemps méconnu en France, avec les psychotiques et les borderline. En partant d’un travail sur sa propre structure psychotique, elle a décidé de devenir analyste et de se consacrer aux cas limites, à ceux qui se vivent comme une non-personne. Elle a ainsi mis en place une pratique qui prolonge certaines intuitions de Freud, en insistant tout particulièrement sur la prise compte du pré-infantile (« l’unité de base »), la nécessité de la régression dans les cas limites et le rôle du contre-transfert comme capacité interactive pour l’analyste de travailler avec le patient.