bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Writing Therapy in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ADHD & Autism) by Parents: Module Validation
Authors: Farida Lisa Nur , Paramastri Ira
Published: October 2023

Therapy modules that are systematically arranged, structured and easy to use become very meaningful when the learning system must be carried out independently. The aim of the study is to examine the validity of the writing therapy module “TM3”. This module is designed so that parents can use it to train and improve the attention-focusing abilities of children with ADHD & Autism through writing therapy. Participants involved in this study consisted of 5 clinical psychologists, 5 occupational therapists and 42 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD and Autism, all of which were recruited through a semi-online survey. Validation includes two processes, namely: content validation and empirical validation. The results of the validation of the content of the module are 0.827 and the readability validation is 0.833 (v> 0.5) with a good validity category. In testing the empirical validity based on responses from 42 participants, the reliability value (r11) = 0.787 was included in the high category. This shows that the “TM3” writing therapy module is valid both empirically and content, and the module can be used to train (therapy) children.
Research on the Mechanism of Overseas Promotion and Translation by Chinese Publishing Houses from the Perspective of Sponsor
Authors: Li Linfei , Li Yonglan
Published: October 2023

Translation activities are usually influenced by various factors. Lefevere mentioned in “Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Reputation” that translation activities are influenced by ideology, aesthetics, and sponsors, among which sponsors have the greatest influence on the translation activities. Sponsors are further divided into ideological sponsors, economic sponsors, and social status sponsors. Through the study from the perspective of sponsors, it is discovered that the government plays an important role in the publicity and translation activities of publishing houses in China, providing economic and ideological sponsorship for their publicity and translation activities.
Influencer Marketing: A New Frontier for Brand Awareness in the Digital Era
Authors: Pandey Krishna Mohan , Kumar Himanshu , Dahikar Chaitanya , Rajyalaskhmi Dr. N. C.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Influencer marketing is a new and emerging marketing strategy that can help brands overcome the challenge of creating awareness for their products or services in the digital era. A study using a mixed-methods approach found that influencer marketing is an effective way to increase brand awareness among consumers. The survey results showed that 70% of consumers were more likely to be aware of a brand if they had seen it promoted by an influencer. The secondary research results also revealed that influencers believe that influencer marketing is a powerful tool for building brand awareness. They reported that their followers are more likely to remember and trust brands that they see promoted by influencers. The study concludes that influencer marketing is a promising new frontier for brand awareness in the digital era. However, it is important to note that influencer marketing is not a magic bullet. Brands need to carefully select influencers who have a relevant audience and who are able to create engaging content. In addition, brands need to track the results of their influencer marketing campaigns to ensure that they are getting a return on their investment.
Forex Reserves Accumulation in India
Authors: Pavani S
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Forex reserves play a pivotal role in stabilizing an economy, shielding it from external shocks, and facilitating international trade. This research paper presents an in-depth analysis of foreign reservesaccumulation in India, focusing on the trends, determinants, and policy implications. Utilizing comprehensive data spanning several decades, the study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the dynamics surrounding India’s foreign reserves. The paper first examines the historical trends In India’s foreign reserves, highlighting key milestones, policy shifts, and the factors contributing to their growth. It scrutinizes the relationship between Forex reserves and economic indicators such as balance of payments, exchange rates, and external debt.
PEGADOGIA DAS ÁGUAS EM MOVIMENTO: EXPERIÊNCIA DE EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR EM SAÚDE AMBIENTAL
Authors: Pessoa  Dias Alexandre , Costa Maria Amelia , Maggi Leonardo
Published: October 2023

As águas do Brasil estão poluídas, eutrofizadas, assoreadas, soterradas,turbulentas, capturadas em barragens, privatizadas e exportadas na forma de águavirtual por meio das commodities agrícolas e minerais.O Brasil passa por uma crise ecológica derivada da emergência climática,somada à destruição ambiental produzida pelo agro-minero-hidro-fóssil-negócio emseu território. A crise estrutural do capital (MÉSZÁROS, 2011), tem ampliado crisesecológica e sanitária que expande espacialmente e intensifica no tempo aexploração do trabalho, a mercantilização da vida e amplia a vulnerabilidadesocioambiental e os danos à saúde das populações de baixa renda das cidades, dasperiferias urbanas, do campo, das florestas e das águas (DIAS; CARNEIRO, 2021).
ECOLOGIA POLÍTICA DA SOCIEDADE DE CONSUMO E A ‘PRODUÇÃO DESTRUTIVA’ NO LIMIAR DO COLAPSO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Pomier Layrargues Philippe
Published: October 2023

Abordamos o perfil da Sociedade de Consumo pela perspectiva da Ecologia Política, para, a partir da análise histórica da constituição desse modelo societário, (a) construir um entendimento de quais foram as transformações que a definem, (b) compreender a influência dos Anos Dourados do Capitalismo; e a partir daí, (c) pensar a questão das necessidades ante o padrão de produção e consumo sustentável. Efetuar tal caracterização ganha relevo no contexto da disputa ideológica da constituição do imaginário sobre qual comportamento de consumo adotar na sociedade orientada pelo American Way of Life.

Palavras-chave: Ecologia Política; Educação Ambiental; Sociedade de Consumo; Anos Dourados do Capitalismo; Produção-Destrutiva
A ESCOLA ÚNICA DO TRABALHO E A EXPERIÊNCIA EDUCACIONAL DE MOISEY M. PISTRAK: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O LEGADO DA PEDAGOGIA SOCIALISTA SOVIÉTICA
Authors: Leal da Cruz Marilei , Soares dos Santos Franciele
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre o legado da Pedagogia Socialista Soviética, principalmente no que se refere à compreensão da necessidade da relação entre trabalho e educação na formação humana. As reflexões pautam-se no estudo dos princípios e dos fundamentos da Escola Única do Trabalho, bem como da proposta e da experiência educacional desenvolvida por Moisey M. Pistrak.  Como resultado, destacamos que há legados importantes deixados pela Pedagogia Socialista Soviética, pois essa apresenta um arcabouço teórico e prático de experiências educacionais, nas quais podemos apoiar nossas práticas educativas, no caminho para repensarmos a relação trabalho, educação e ensino na atualidade, na busca pela formação humana integral de homens e mulheres. Afirmamos também, mesmo que brevemente, a importância da Pedagogia Socialista Soviética para o avanço da pedagogia marxista e para o enfretamento da Pedagogia do Capital na atualidade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Trabalho e educação; Pedagogia Socialista Soviética; Escola Única do Trabalho; Moisey M. Pistrak.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E OUTROS MODOS DE VIDA
Authors: De Marco Sobral Marcela , Guimarães Mauro Guimarães , Moura Arroz Ana Moura Arroz
Published: October 2023

A partir da crise civilizatória resultante de um modo de produção que demonstra sua insustentabilidade socioambiental, propomos refletir sobre a formação de educadores ambientais que estejam aptos a contribuir na transformação dessa realidade. Acreditamos na necessária radicalidade do ambiente educativo para a formação desse Educador, portanto, baseado na proposta formativa da “ComVivência Pedagógica”, buscamos investigar as possibilidades imersivas em comunidades intencionais (alternativas) como ambiente educativo propício.
Palavras chaves: Educação Ambiental Crítica; Formação de educadores; ComVivência Pedagógica.
Palavras Chaves: Educação Ambiental Crítica; Formação de educadores; ComVivência Pedagógica
AGRONEGÓCIO ACIMA DE TUDO, AGRONEGÓCIO ACIMA DE TODOS: DESCONSTRUINDO A EDUCAÇÃO HEGEMÔNICA MIDIÁTICA
Authors: Maia do Bomfim Alexandre
Published: October 2023

Este artigo é desdobramento de uma pesquisa intitulada ‘“O agronegócio e seu rastro de mentiras e destruição: um estudo sobre trabalho-educação e ambiente na perspectiva da luta de classes". O objetivo foi estudar a campanha publicitária “Agro: A indústria-riqueza do Brasil”, para destacar seus objetivos, observar a estética, ressaltar seu conteúdo, mostrar suas contradições. Isso foi feito sobre as peças publicitárias, compartilhando inferências no percurso da análise. Constatou-se que a campanha é um velamento de um lado do agronegócio, especialmente antiecológico, excludente e desigual.

Palavra-chave: agronegócio e meio ambiente; agronegócio e educação; agronegócio e mídia; hegemonia; educação midiática.
BRASKEM E BRUMADINHO: O CINEMA E A POESIA EM CARLOS PRONZATO
Authors: Belo Denise
Published: October 2023

Nascido em Buenos Aires em 1959 para o mundo, Carlos Pronzato é escritor,cineasta, teatrólogo, ativista social e anarquista. O interesse pelo universocinematográfico foi herdado de seu pai, Victor Pronzato, que era roteirista eator, músico compositor de inúmeras trilhas de filmes, programas de TV eteatro, dentre outras coisas. Além da inspiração para a sétima arte, o pai tinhauma biblioteca onde Pronzato iniciou também, ainda na infância, seu gosto pelaliteratura.
Investigation of energy storage applications on nickel fluoride nanomaterials under shock wave flow environments
Authors: Arumugam Prof. Dr. S.
Published: October 2023

In this research article, we have conducted the comparative studies on ambient and 200 shock loaded NiF2 sample using a table top pressure-driven shock tube (Reddy Tube) for supercapacitor application. The stability of structural, morphological and electrochemical properties of the shock loaded and unloaded were tested and analysed. The shock wave of 2.2 Mach number with transient pressure of 2.0 MPa with 864 K temperature was made to strike on two test samples (ambient and 200). The molecular and crystallite structure stabilities of the test samples were examined by XRD and FTIR. The surface morphology was investigated by FESEM and electrochemical measurements such as Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) techniques were performed to investigate the super capacitive behaviour of NiF2 sample for loaded and unloaded conditions. The obtained results revealed changes in crystallite size and particle size and it still maintains its phase stability of rutile NiF2 after 200 shocked conditions. Further, the electrochemical measurements exhibit higher capacitance of 1770.5 F/g for 200 shock loaded condition which is very high range when compared with ambient condition. Furthermore, it measured high energy density (88.52 Wh/kg) and power density (1499.8 W/kg) at 2 A/g current density which is very higher compared to others. Hence under high shocked conditions, the electrochemical properties were enhanced due to shock wave impacts on the NiF2 material.
Legislações que amparam a discussão das relações de gênero na educação básica
Authors: Lima Cristiane Pereira , Lacerda Léia Teixeira
Published: October 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa bibliográfica desenvolvida por meio de um levantamento realizado nos documentos legais que fundamentam a discussão e o trabalho didático sobre as relações de gênero em sala de aula no Brasil, como: a Constituição Federal de 1988, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de 1996, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de 1997, o Plano Nacional de Educação de 2014-2024, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Fundamental de 2013 e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular de 2017. Buscamos evidenciar as fundamentações legais que os/as professores/as possuem para o desenvolvimento de uma prática docente — sem que se sintam ameaçados/as, por medo e/ou desconforto no ambiente das instituições escolares — para implementarem os conteúdos de gênero nos currículos escolares e debaterem como as relações são constituídas não só na escola, mas também em diferentes espaços sociais. Nessa perspectiva, procuramos aproximar essas legislações às possibilidades de reflexões apresentadas pelos estudos dos/as teóricos/as pós-estruturalistas que contribuem para a análise e, sobretudo,  para a formação das novas gerações de crianças e jovens por meio das práticas pedagógicas de maneira alinhada às legislações que regulamentam o funcionamento dos sistemas de ensino – federal, estadual e municipal – brasileiro.
Thermodynamics and characteristics of heterogeneous nucleation of CO2 hydrate by fractal surface and solution activity
Authors: Li Mengyang , Fan Shuanshi , Wang Yanhong , Lang Xuemei , Li Gang
Published: October 2023

The massive emission of the greenhouse gas CO2 has had a significant
effect on the global climate and environment, causing widespread concern
around the globe. CO2 storage in clathrate hydrate is a possible
strategy for reducing atmospheric CO2. Nevertheless, the CO2 hydrate
formation rate is slow and the corresponding nucleation mechanism is
unknown, limiting the commercial application of this technology. This
study developed a thermodynamic model based on the classical nucleation
theory, considering the effects of surface geometry and CO2 dissolution
on the solution’s activity. The critical nucleation radius and energy
barrier of CO2 hydrate nucleation were determined through numerical
calculation. It was discussed how pressure, temperature, wall curvature,
roughness, wettability, and solution activity affect the nucleation of
CO2 hydrate. This paper’s research findings contribute to advancing
carbon capture and storage technology based on the hydrate method.
Clinical and subclinical bacterial vaginosis before conception are associated with spontaneous abortion: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Long , Huang Jiaxin , Yang Ying , Xie Wenlu , Wu Siyu , Lei Jueming , Wu Hanbin , Lyu Xinyi , Zhao Chuanyu , Liu Meiya , Liu Youhong , Xu Die , Zhang Ya , Zhang Hongguang , He Yuan , Peng Zuoqi , Wang Yuanyuan , Shen Haiping , Wang Qiaomei , Zhang Yiping , Yan Donghai , Ma Xu
Published: October 2023

Objective To explore the association of clinical and
subclinical bacterial vaginosis before conception with the risk of
spontaneous abortion. Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Mainland China. Population This study included
women who enrolled in and completed the National Free Pre-Pregnancy
Checkups Project between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018.
Methods Clinical bacterial vaginosis before conception was
diagnosed according to the Amsel criteria, and subclinical bacterial
vaginosis before conception was defined as any indicators in the Amsel
Criteria being positive but not meeting the diagnostic criteria.
Analyses were performed by multivaribale-adjusted logistic models with
crude and multivaribale-adjusted odds ratios including 95% confidence
interval. Main outcome measures Spontaneous abortion was
defined as fetal death occurring spontaneously before the 28th week of
gestation. Results Of the included participants, 0.27% and
6.97% of them had clinical and subclinical bacterial vaginosis before
conception respectively. A significantly increased risk of spontaneous
abortion was observed for women with preconception bacterial vaginosis
(OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.06-1.34). After excluding participants with
preconception bacterial vaginosis, subclinical bacterial vaginosis was
associated with a 15% (13%-18%) increased risk of spontaneous
abortion. And the corresponding multivariable-adjusted ORs of exposure
to abnormal vaginal discharge characteristics, vaginal pH value ≥4.5,
positive clue cell test, and positive Whiff test for spontaneous
abortion were 1.20 (1.03-1.39), 1.15 (1.12-1.18), 1.08 (0.97-1.19), and
1.24 (1.11-1.38). Conclusion Both clinical and subclinical
bacterial vaginosis before conception were prospectively associated with
an increased risk of spontaneous abortion.
Assessing the potential of UAV Spectral Data and Machine learning for Soil Organic Carbon Prediction in Sorghum Fields
Authors: Gano Boubacar , Saxton Jocelyn , Coquerel Marie De Gracia , Eck Nathaniel , Stanton Jaccob , Ahmed Nurzaman , Shakoor Nadia
Published: October 2023

Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) fluctuations in agricultural fields play a
critical role in determining soil fertility and carbon sequestration.
Efficient, non-destructive monitoring of SOC is essential. This study
utilized Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and four Machine Learning (ML)
algorithms-Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Partial Least Squares
Regression (PLSR), Random Forest (RF), and Xtreme Gradient Boosting
(XGB)-to predict SOC levels.

Our research, set at the Danforth Center Field Research Site (FRS),
comprised 35 sorghum genotypes in a complete block design. Using a
GeoProbe drilling machine, we collected soil cores for compositional
analysis through the Haney test. Concurrently, drone-captured
multispectral images were processed to create orthomosaic maps and
extract features. The ML algorithms effectively predicted SOC levels,
with MLR models showing the highest accuracy (RMSE = 7.12 ppm; R =
0.74). We observed variation in SOC among genotypes, suggesting that
genotype-specific traits could influence SOC estimation accuracy. Field
plots planted with genotypes like SC1345, BTx623, and SAP-133 showed
strong predictability with errors below 5%. In contrast, SC283 and
SAP-154 had prediction errors exceeding 30%.

UAV-based remote sensing offers promising avenues for soil health
assessment, contributing to precision agriculture and sustainable land
management. Future studies could benefit from integrating hyperspectral
sensors to fully harness this technology’s potential.
TerraSentia: Turnkey Autonomous Multi-Sensor UGV Platform for High Throughput Crop Phenotyping
Authors: Chowdhary Girish , Soman Chinmay , Aref Thomas , McGuire Michael
Published: October 2023

Autonomous robot platforms are increasingly being explored as a solution
to critical problems in agriculture and in particular high-throughput
field-phenotyping for crop-improvement. However, deploying autonomous
vehicles in agricultural settings requires developing a complicated
technology stack, including a robust hardware platform, reliable
autonomy, multi-sensor recording, advanced analytics algorithms, and a
data visualization and management pipeline. Without a robust platform in
place, agricultural researchers and companies often have no choice but
to develop their own robot from scratch. To address this problem
EarthSense has developed the TerraSentia platform, capable of end-to-end
autonomous data collection and high-precision high-throughput
phenotyping in multiple crops. Our TerraSentia platform is capable of
autonomous navigation using a planar LiDAR (sweeping horizontally),
cameras, GPS, and IMU. It is equipped with four high-definition RGB
cameras and a second planar LiDAR (sweeping vertically) for measuring
phenotypes. A second UGV model, the TerraSentia+, supports more powerful
drivetrain, on-board compute systems, and the ability to modularly
configure the sensor stack. Furthermore, EarthSense has developed
algorithms for estimating multiple key phenotypes with state-of-the-art
precision, including corn plant height, corn ear height, corn stem
width, corn nitrogen deficiency, Leaf Area Index (LAI), and soybean pod
count. These algorithms are available to users out-of-the-box. Our
system has provided estimates for many of these traits on thousands of
experimental units over the last 2 years, with a steadily-improving rate
of 2700 meters between interventions.
Factors Affecting Carbon Dioxide Emissions Embodied in Trade
Authors: Kang Jong Woo , Gapay Joshua Anthony
Published: October 2023

This paper examines the impact of environmental regulation in exporter and importer economies on crossborder carbon flows. While stricter environmental regulations help reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from domestic production, leading to lower CO2 emissions embodied in exports, stricter regulations on the importing side lead to higher CO2 emissions embodied in imports. Moreover, stricter environmental regulations could encourage further outsourcing of intermediate inputs by exporters, prompting carbon leakages in the upstream segment of global value chains.
Maksymalizacja współczynnika GFP w produkcji napojów ekologicznych na podstawie danych z gospodarstw z województwa mazowieckiego
Authors: Woźniakowski Tomasz , Nowakowska Magdalena
Published: October 2023

W artykule przedstawiono możliwość zastosowania współczynnika Good Food Print (GFP) dla oceny jakości żywności wytworzonej z produktów rolnictwa ekologicznego. Możliwość zastosowania miary GFP została przetestowana na rzeczywistych danych pochodzących z gospodarstw ekologicznych województwa Mazowieckiego otrzymanych za pośrednictwem jednostki certyfikującej Agrobiotest.
Analiza składowych niezależnych na rynkach finansowych – możliwości i ograniczenia
Authors: Szupiluk Ryszard
Published: October 2023

W niniejszym artykule przedstawimy problematykę zastosowań analizy składowych niezależnych na rynku finansowym w kontekście algorytmicznej i statystycznej charakterystyki tej metody. Wskażemy, że specyfika uczenia maszynowego oraz problemowy kontekst ślepej separacji, w jakim osadzona jest analiza składowych niezależnych, ma zasadniczy wpływ na możliwości i ograniczenia interpretacji statystycznej uzyskanych wyników. Przedstawimy także propozycję algorytmu, bardziej zorientowanego na spełnienie warunku niezależności, niż algorytmy ukierunkowane na separację.
Wykorzystanie instrumentów polityki regionalnej Unii Europejskiej w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego
Authors: Satoła Łukasz , Żmija Janusz
Published: October 2023

W artykule autorzy podejmują próbę przedstawienia wykorzystania funduszy strukturalnych przez gminy. Jako obszar badań przyjęto teren województwa małopolskiego. Analizę objęto dwa programy operacyjne współfinansowane z funduszy strukturalnych UE, które były wdrażane w Polsce w okresie programowania 2004-2006. Były to Sektorowy Program Operacyjny „Restrukturyzacja i modernizacja sektora żywnościowego oraz rozwój obszarów wiejskich” oraz Zintegrowany Program Operacyjny Rozwoju Regionalnego. Analizy poprowadzono z uwzględnieniem specyfiki i zróżnicowania budżetów lokalnych.
The impact of us elections on the dollar’s exchange rate
Authors: Alexiou Constantinos , Vogiazas Sofoklis , Kane Colston
Published: October 2023

This paper explores the effect of U.S. domestic politics on the behaviour of
international currency markets. Specifically, for the first time in the
literature, we gauge the impact of a divided government on the exchange rate
volatility of five currencies: the Japanese yen, the Canadian dollar, the
British pound, the Mexican peso, and the euro. At the same time, we control
for the impact of political and macroeconomic factors. A GARCH methodology
has been adopted for this objective, using weekly data from 2000 to 2021.
The evidence suggests that the partisan and divided government variables
significantly impact the conditional variance equation, whilst the observed
reduced levels of exchange rate volatility during a Democrat presidency run
counter to prior studies on partisanship. In addition, exchange rate
volatility seems to increase one month before an election and during periods
of divided government. Given the nascent evidence, we argue that U.S.
politics are instrumental in affecting global financial markets.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Quizizz Untuk Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Pada Pengajaran Stoikiometri
Authors: Ardila Mutia , Sudrajat Ajat
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada pembelajaran stoikiometri menggunakan aplikasi Quizizz. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Medan pada tahun ajaran 2022-2023. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa pendidikan biologi yang sedang mempelajari kimia umum. Pemilihan sampel sebanyak 60 orang mahasiswa dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling yang dibagi menjadi dua kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen dibelajarkan menggunakan media aplikasi Quizizz, sedangkan kelas kontrol dibelajarkan dengan buku diktat. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes tertulis berbentuk pilihan ganda dan essay. Berdasarkan data perhitungan nilai pretest dan postest menunjukkan pembelajaran stoikiometri dengan aplikasi Quizizz pada kelompok eksperimen memperoleh rata-rata peningkatan hasil belajar  lebih tinggi  sebesar 83% dibandingkan kelas kontrol sebesar 74%.  Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan aplikasi Quizizz pada pembelajaran kimia umum sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran stoikiometri
BOOK REVIEW: EMERGING TRENDS OF ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING: ICT IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: Isma Adi
Published: October 2023

The book “Emerging Trends of ICT in Teaching and Learning” is edited by (N.Devaki M.Deivam, 2022). It aims to provide insight into the latest trends in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and their influence on social, cultural, and economic spheres, with a specific focus on teaching and learning. It caters to teachers, students, and researchers who focus on ICT-related courses, while other researchers can take it as a convenient reference. The objective of the book is to bring together the tools, techniques, and strategies of seasoned researchers in one volume, enabling readers to develop top-quality literature on ICT. The chapters of this book cover various topics such as cyber security, digital initiatives, ICT for English language teaching, web-based learning, smart classrooms, and technological tools. However, the focus of this review is on the chapters that discuss ICT for English language teaching and learning.
LITERATURE-BASED EFL INSTRUCTION: BENEFITS FOR LANGUAGE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT, LEARNING MOTIVATION, AND CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Mardiani Mardiani , Baharuddin Andi Farid
Published: October 2023

In an EFL teaching context, the teacher's role is critical for helping students master four English skills. Teachers should ensure that the used learning tools can develop students’ language skills (in terms of listening, reading, speaking, and writing). According to experts, literature is a useful learning tool for achieving these objectives. Therefore, this article investigates the benefits of integrating literature into language learning activities. The research method used in this article is qualitative method with the library research approach. The data collected are separated into two types of data, i.e. primary and secondary. Both of these data sources are obtained from several articles (published in either national or international journals), books, and conference papers that relate to the use of literature in English teaching and learning. The total number of sources analyzed in the findings are 8 articles, 4 books, and 3 papers of conferences. The results show that using literature in language learning activities has various advantages, i.e., 1) developing the learners’ language skills, 2) triggering students’ learning motivation, 3and ) providing multi-cultural understanding for EFL learners.
UTILIZING GEOGEBRA FOR SOLVING ECONOMIC MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS: PROMOTING LOGICAL REASONING IN PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Warsitasari Wahyu Dwi , Rofiki Imam
Published: October 2023

Logical reasoning is very important to be used by as the basis of creative activities such as creating or applying mathematical concepts in the real world. By implementing Problem-Based Learning (PBL) with GeoGebra's assistance, logical reasoning abilities can be developed. This research intends to investigate the effect of utilizing GeoGebra to support PBL on students' capacity for logical reasoning while addressing economic mathematics problems. This study employed a quantitative method with one group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design. GeoGebra was used in classroom instruction as part of the PBL model to help students solve economic math problems logically. Following the implementation of PBL with the aid of GeoGebra, it may be inferred that there are disparities in students' capacities for logical reasoning based on the non-parametric statistical test of the Wilcoxon test. These findings demonstrate that using GeoGebra in collaboration with problem-based learning improves students' capacity for logical reasoning. GeoGebra-assisted PBL is recommended to be used as a medium to assist students in developing logical reasoning in solving economic mathematics problems.
Modelling Analysis of Earthquake Impact on R.C Buildings in Baghdad using SAP200
Authors: Abbas Hasan Ali , Salman Manaf Raid , Muhammad Ghaltan Hasanain
Published: October 2023

Most typical commercial reinforced concrete buildings in Iraq were designed using outdated building codes that did not consider horizontal seismic loads; they primarily focused on vertical loads. As a result, there is uncertainty regarding whether these conventional buildings can withstand recent earthquakes in Iraq. In this study, we created a three-dimensional finite element model using SAP2000 to represent scaled versions of typical multistory reinforced concrete commercial structures found in Iraqi cities. The primary objective was to investigate how these structures respond to seismic events, particularly the Ali Al-Gharbee earthquake that struck Maysan Province in southern Iraq in 2012, with a magnitude of Mw=4.9 and PGA=104.151 cm/sec2 as the input ground motion. Our findings indicate that typical multistory reinforced concrete commercial buildings in Iraq can safely withstand earthquakes. However, when the magnitude increases to approximately Mw=5.2 (PGA=156 cm/sec2), some members may experience cracking and exceed allowable drift limits. If the magnitude reaches about Mw=6 (PGA=208 cm/sec2), these buildings may experience complete failure.
CAMEROON: LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION DURING THE ANGLOPHONE CONFLICT IN THE SOUTH WEST REGION. INITIATIVES AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   University of Buea, Cameroon, ATOM Victor Ntui
Published: October 2023

The paper discusses local communities’ initiatives and challenges in resolving the Anglophone conflict in the South West Region of Cameroon between 2016 and 2023. The con flict that began in September 2016 as the Anglophone teachers and lawyers strike soon vitiated into calls for secession of the Anglophone regions of the country due to marginalization by the Francophone majority. By early 2017, the employability of arms by separatists alongside other tactics like ghost towns, kidnappings, and the maiming of civilians had prompted a gov ernment military response leading to a massive humanitarian crisis. While the conflict is still on, the situation seems to be returning to normalcy in some communities owing, not to the government approach to solving the problem but to various indigenous community initiatives. Informed by primary and secondary data, the study investigates the strategies adopted by local communities in resolving the Anglophone conflict in the southwest region of Cameroon. The paper also concedes the persistence of the crisis despite these initiatives and questions factors that mitigate against indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms that local communities have been propagating. It concludes that the anglophone crises far from serving as a platform for the English-speaking people of Cameroon to express their grievances was an opportunity for local communities to understand the complexities of war and a chance to re-initiate indigenous con flict resolution mechanisms which were rife in the pre-colonial days. Keywords: Anglophone, Cameroon, conflict resolution, local community.
THE SUPER LEAGUE CONFLICT: WHY EVERYONE IS UPSET WITH THIS PROJECT?
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, SANDU Ciprian
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The Super League is a project competition thought of as an alternative to the present Champions League. In this regard, this new competition was designed to operate independently of FIFA and UEFA, which are the governing bodies of football worldwide and in Europe respectively, and would feature a semi-closed group of European teams (15 permanent and five selected based on their domestic results) from England, Spain and Italy (teams from France and Germany were also on the list but the selected clubs, PSG, Bayern München, and Borussia Dortmund declined the offer to join). This move made FIFA and UEFA condemn the proposed Super League, arguing against the ex-clusiveness of this closed league and considering a dangerous precedent that can be followed by other football clubs. The disagreement has escalated to legal actions and sanctions from FIFA and UEFA against the clubs that joined the Super League which, in turn, have started their own legal actions against the two international bodies. Even if the project seems to be abandoned, the situation is still ongoing and it’s difficult to predict the future of sport management after this bold move of several football clubs against the two governing bodies. The present article tries to analyze the situation using conflict analysis in order to find out future scenarios for all the actors involved. Keywords: Super League, FIFA, UEFA, conflict, sports governance.
Placing the Commoning First: Getting Beyond the Patronage Trap in Natural Resource Decentralization Policies
Authors: Sirimorok Nurhady , Fisher Micah R. , Verheijen Bart , Sahide Muhammad Alif K.
Published: October 2023

Research on the commons have been an inspiration for initiatives on natural resource decentralization over the past three decades. Researchers are increasingly recognizing however, that these commons initiatives are mostly failing to support rights, improve livelihoods, and conserve natural resources. These “commons projects,” defined as approaches that claim to devolve natural resource governance to local institutions, have their origins in various formulations of theories of the commons but are usually interpreted and applied by states and donor organizations. This paper identifies and analyzes deficiencies in theories of the commons through the slight but significant refocusing on perspectives of commoning. We found that commons scholarship lacks a grounding in power relations, and furthermore, tends to portray commons-governing groups as homogenous communities enacting long-established practices. Conversely, a commoning perspective provides a more dynamic and relational approach, and thus distinctly centers political dimensions of collective practices among diverse groups of citizens. We also extend this argument by showing that a fundamental shift in understanding commoning will help advocate for, and anticipate what commoners can actually do in regions of the Global South undergoing widespread enclosures in the face of powerful informal patronage networks controlled by state power actors and interests.
Is there a link between obesity phenotype and thyroid diseases? A mini-review of current concepts
Authors: Milewska-Kobos Ewa Malwina , Szczepanek-Parulska Ewelina , Ruchala Marek
Published: October 2023

Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disease that leads to negative health consequences. Excessive adiposity frequently coexists with metabolic and nonmetabolic complications, deteriorating health and reducing quality of life and life span. Individuals with obesity are not a homogenous group and can present different obesity phenotypes. The most common obesity phenotypes include: metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). The latter category involves those with developed metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-fully-developed metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS). The fundamental factor leading to obesity is imbalance between energy uptake and expenditure. From this perspective the thyroid gland plays the pivotal role in metabolism regulation and obesity development. The thyroid regulates thermogenesis, appetite, and lipids turnover. Clinically, hypothyroid patients have decreased metabolic rate and subsequently experience increase of BMI and excess adiposity. The interaction between the thyroid gland and obesity is bidirectional. Several mechanisms of alteration of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in obesity are proposed. Excessive adiposity and dysfunction of adipose tissue may contribute to the development of thyroid functional and structural impairment, such as autoimmunity, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. The prevalence of certain thyroid disorders in obese individuals is higher than in nonobese subjects and this trend is more pronounced in unhealthy obesity phenotypes. The aim of this mini-review is to present the current knowledge on the interaction between thyroid gland disorders and obesity, with special focus on obesity phenotypes.
Correlations of contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters with free thyroxine, total thyroxine, thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody in patients with thyroid nodules
Authors: Zhang Jin , Wang Zijun , Guo Peijie
Published: October 2023

Background: We aimed to study the contrast-enhanced ultrasound features and parameters of patients with benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Methods: A total of 154 patients diagnosed with thyroid nodules from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the subjects. They were divided into a benign nodule group (n=86) and a malignant nodule group (n=68). All patients were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound to analyze the features and the differences in parameters such as time to peak (Tp), mean transit time of contrast agent (MTT), peak intensity (PI), and area under curve (AUC).

Results: Using surgical histopathological results as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for diagnosing thyroid nodules were 88.24% (60/68), 83.72% (72/86), and 85.71% (132/154), respectively. Compared to the benign nodule group, the levels of FT4, and TT4 significantly decreased, whereas those of TPOAb and TGAb significantly increased in the malignant nodule group (P<0.05). MTT, PI, and AUC were positively correlated with FT4 and TT4 expressions but negatively correlated with TPOAb and TGAb expressions (P<0.05). The diagnosis of thyroid nodules combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters had an AUC of 0.950, sensitivity of 93.42%, specificity of 87.90%, and 95% CI of 0.832-0.987, and the diagnostic efficiency exceeded those of diagnosis with single indicators (P<0.05).

Conclusions: The contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters MTT, PI, and AUC decreased in malignant thyroid nodules, being closely correlated with the thyroid function status. The images in combination with parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can be used to increase the accuracy of diagnosing benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SILIKA DARI ABU CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT PADA BASIS GIGI TIRUAN RESIN AKRILIK POLIMERISASI PANAS TERHADAP KEKUATAN TRANSVERSAL
Authors: Sari Rangkuti Ayu Mayang , Wahyuni Siti
Published: October 2023

ABSTRAK Meskipun resin akrilik polimerisasi panas (RAPP) sekarang menjadi resin akrilik paling populer yang digunakan untuk basis gigi tiruan, kualitas mekaniknya yang buruk membuatnya rentan terhadap retak. Untuk meningkatkan kekuatan mekanik terutama kekuatan transversal dapat digunakan abu cangkang sawit yang secara alami mengandung silika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kekuatan transversal pada gigi tiruan RAPP yang dimodifikasi dengan penambahan silika 2% dan 5% dari abu cangkang sawit. Sampel penelitian resin akrilik polimerisasi panas dikelompokkan menjadi tiga kelompok (kelompok A tanpa penguat, kelompok B dengan silika 2%, dan kelompok C dengan silika 5%) dan berbentuk persegi panjang dengan ukuran 65x10x2,5 mm sebanyak 33 sampel dengan setiap kelompok berjumlah 11 sampel. Evaluasi kekuatan transversal menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Tes ANOVA dan LSD digunakan untuk menilai data. Kekuatan transversal yang terukur adalah 74,13 ± 7,40 MPa tanpa penguat, 86,10 ± 10,02 MPa dengan silika 2%, dan 98,09 ± 8,52 MPa dengan silika 5%. Hasilnya, jelas bahwa basis gigi tiruan RAPP yang diperkuat dengan silika 5% dari abu cangkang sawit memiliki nilai kekuatan transversal yang lebih besar daripada basis yang diperkuat dengan silika 2%. Kata kunci: akrilik polimerisasi panas, silika, abu cangkang kelapa sawit, kekuatan transversal
Potential Extract Of Red Algae (Gracilaria verrucosa) from Aceh’s Coast Against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Chimisrina Shanti , Andayani Ridha , Afrina Afrina , Yolanda Febby Yustia , Sungkar Suzanna
Published: October 2023

Dental caries is a disease of hard tooth tissue which is demineralized in hard tissue due to bacterial activity that produce acid. Streptococcus mutans known as the main agent of dental caries. Gracilaria verrucosa red algae is one of many marine products of Aceh’s coast which containing antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, tannins and phenols. The aim of this research is to know the antibacterial potency of red algae extract of Gracilaria verrucosa from Aceh’s coast towards Streptococcus mutans by observe Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericicdal Concentration (MBC).  Maceration method was used to produce extraction of Gracilaria verrucosa with 96% ethanol as solvent. The extract concentration used for this study was 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%.  The results showed that the growth of S. mutans colonies had started to decrease at concentration of 20% i.e. 995.3 x 104 CFU/ml and the least colony growth occurred at concentration of 100% i.e. 54 x 104 CFU/ml.  The conclusion of this research is Gracilaria verrucosa extract has antibacterial potential against S. mutans with MIC is at concentration of 20% whereas MBC is not found.
PENGARUH CUKA APEL TERHADAP PERUBAHAN WARNA GIGI PERMANEN
Authors: Soraya Cut , Sunnati Sunnati , Khaliza Siti
Published: October 2023

ABSTRAK Diskolorasi dapat berdampak pada masalah psikologis dan psikososial. Pemutihan gigi atau bleaching merupakan salah satu cara mengatasi perubahan warna gigi. Bahan pemutih gigi seperti hidrogen peroksida dapat merubah morfologi email dan dapat menghilangkan mineral yang cukup banyak. Adanya akibat dari bahan kimia pemutih gigi ini membuat masyarakat mencari alternatif lain dengan menggunakan bahan alami. Cuka apel salah satu bahan alami yang mengandung asam asetat dan vitamin C yang dapat memberikan efek pemutihan pada gigi. Mengetahui pengaruh cuka apel terhadap perubahan warna gigi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan melakukan perendaman gigi pada larutan cuka apel selama 1, 3, dan 5 hari. Perubahan warna gigi diukur menggunakan shade guide. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hanya 12,4% tingkat kepengaruhan cuka apel terhadap perubahan warna gigi. Jika diuji perkelompok, pada kelompok 1 hari tidak terdapat pengaruh cuka apel terhadap perubahan warna gigi sedangkan kelompok 3 hari dan 5 hari terdapat pengaruh cuka apel terhadap perubahan warna gigi. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan uji regresi linier sederhana. Disimpulkan bahwa cuka sari apel tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemutihan gigi permanen.
Concept and Process of Formation of the Subjective Element of the Customary Rule (opinion juris) of International Law
Authors: Dragiev A.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION.Customary international law is the oldest source of International law and has been its main source for centuries. However, even in our time, the importance of custom in International law is preserved – besides and on par with international treaties; this is the other type of its legal norms. The main difference between the two kinds of norm is the unwritten form of custom, but customary and treaty norms have equal legal force.

MATERIALS AND METHODS.The documentary basis of the study is international treaties and international customs, resolutions of the UN General Assembly, Statute of the International Court of Justice and its jurisprudence, reports of the International Law Association. The theoretical basis of the article is the works of scholars of international law. The methodological basis of the study is general and particular scientific methods of cognition.

RESEARCH RESULTS.The research in the article leads to a conclusion that comprises a definition of international custom, and this is the formulation of it as applicable law in cases before the International Court of Justice: “international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law” (Art. 38 (1) (b) of Statute of the Court). According to this definition, the customary legal rule contains two elements: objective, also material the practice of States, and subjective – the conviction of States that this practice is obligatory, i.e. law. It has been established in International law that the subjective element is termed by the Latin expression “opinio juris sive necessitates” (opinion of law or necessity), and most often the subjective element is briefly called only “opinio juris”. The research reveals as its result that by its nature opinio juris represents a conscious, intentional attitude towards State practice. The will of the State has external manifestations – the consent, acceptance, recognition and conviction of the State.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS.The main conclusions of the research relate to the question of the formation of opinio juris. This formation is a process that is integrated: it simultaneously forms the practice of States and the opinio juris towards it. Opinio juris does not have an autonomous stage or process of formation, nor is it formed only after the practice of the customary law rule has been completely formed. The conclusion from the integrated process is that each act of the relevant practice, which is the same as the previous one, but also as the next one, helps to form the belief that this is the only, and therefore obligatory, manner to perform the practice. Conversely, States' belief that a given practice is obligatory motivates them to perform only that practice.
A Conceptual Analysis of Ethical Challenges to Businesses in an Era of Globalization
Authors: Tyagi P. , Kazieva I. I.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: This article deals with the study of ethical challenges and dilemmas that have caught the attention of academicians and researchers globally as a result of the unethical acts of many renowned businesses around the world. Ethics is a highly researched but little understood concept. Globalization has only added to this complex­ity. This research is an attempt to scrutinize the concept of ethics in business context, understand the varying layer, shades and dilemmas of ethics over space and time : a concept that is applicable globally, but varies locally. The aim of the investigation is to assess why despite such emphasis on ethical standards in business, unethical behavior is rampant.

Materials and methods: In the course of research, the authors track the evolution of the philosophy and concept of Ethics in various religions like Hinduism, Buddhism and the western world- up to the present times as we understand, practice and teach it today in business context.  

Results of the study: The study finds that the reason for the current ethical chal­lenge lies in the myopic view towards the concept of business and its goals as well as in the emphasis on understanding ethics as an externally taught or externally imposed behaviour instead of an internally inculcated character.  

Discussion and Conclusion: For ethical business to be effective, the study con­cludes that it needs to become an innate part of the character of a person and organiza­tions which through a supportive and nurturing environment, including the leader­ship, can internalize it in all aspects of life. Superficial attempts to showcase ethical conduct or enforce it through materialistic incentives will have only shallow and cos­metic results. Any ethical construct or system can not exist and persist in piecemeal and isolation. It needs to be all pervasive and inherent.