bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A halogen bonding assembled hybrid copper halide framework as a promising hypotoxicity photodetector
Authors: Liu Guang-Ning , Li Ming-Kun , Xu Rang-Dong , Zhang Ning-Ning , Quan Xin-Jiao , Qian Bing-Jing , Lu Yi-Han , Li Cuncheng
Published: October 2022

The first halogen bonding assembled three-dimensional hybrid copper iodide was obtained by a facile and sustainable “All-in-One” synthesis strategy and shows great application potential as a hypotoxicity photodetector.
K2(BeS)O4F2: a novel fluorosulfate with unprecedented 1D [(BeO3F)–(SO3F)]∞chains exhibiting large birefringence
Authors: Sun Yingshuang , Lin Chensheng , Fang Shenghao , Tian Haotian , Ye Ning , Luo Min
Published: October 2022

By introducing the strongly electronegative F−ions into [SO4] tetrahedral units, polar NLO-active units [(BeS)O4F2] were obtained, thus forming 1D zigzag [(BeO3F)–(SO3F)]∞chains.
An indium-based microporous metal–organic framework with unique three-way rod-shaped secondary building units for efficient methane and hydrogen storage
Authors: Cui Hui , Ye Yingxiang , Lin Ruibiao , Shi Yanshu , Alothman Zeid A. , Alduhaish Osamah , Wang Bin , Zhang Jian , Chen Banglin
Published: October 2022

An indium-based microporous metal–organic framework, UTSA-22, with unique three-way rod-shaped secondary building units, exhibits efficient methane and hydrogen storage at room temperature.
A novel choline chloride/graphene composite as a shale inhibitor for drilling fluid and the interaction mechanism
Authors: Zhu Heming , Li Daqi , Zhao Xiangyang , Pang Shaocong , An Yuxiu
Published: October 2022

The chemical structure of the choline chloride/graphene oxide composite.
Two dimensional twin T-graphene: monolayer for visible-light photocatalytic water splitting and bulk for anode material of magnesium batteries
Authors: Lin Jiahe , Chen Xiaowei , Zhang Bofeng , Tan Chunrong , Lin Qiubao , Wang Xiulin
Published: October 2022

Twin T-graphene has great potential in overall photocatalytic water splitting and as the anode material of magnesium batteries.
Secondary chemistry teacher learning: precursors for and mechanisms of pedagogical conceptual change
Authors: Wu Meng-Yang M. , Yezierski Ellen J.
Published: October 2022

Despite years of research and practice inspired by chemistry education research, a recent report shows that US secondary instruction is not aligned with current national reform-based efforts. One means to mitigate this discrepancy is focusing on pedagogical conceptual change, its precursors (higher self-efficacy and pedagogical discontentment), and the subtleties of its mechanisms (assimilation and accommodation). In this study, we investigate the final reflections of participants (N = 35) who completed our professional development program known as the VisChem Institute (VCI). Our results show that Johnstone's triangle as well as evidence, explanations, and models can be conducive for stimulating pedagogical discontentment among VCI teachers who exhibit higher self-efficacy. In addition, how VCI teachers assimilate and/or accommodate reform-based chemistry teaching ideas problematizes conventional assumptions, broadens application of novel theories, and is germane to introductory chemistry learning environments across the world. Implications and recommendations for chemistry instruction and research at both secondary and tertiary levels are discussed.
Direct discrimination of cell surface glycosylation signatures using a single pH-responsive boronic acid-functionalized polymer
Authors: Jiang Mingdi , Chattopadhyay Aritra Nath , Li Cheng Hsuan , Geng Yingying , Luther David C. , Huang Rui , Rotello Vincent M.
Published: October 2022

A high-content multichannel sensor array was developed to efficiently discriminate cell states. The binding of boronic acid with glycans is pH-responsive, hence utilizing three pH provides a sensitive multidimensional array from a single polymer.
A photo-switchable molecular capsule: sequential photoinduced processes
Authors: Choudhari Manjiri , Xu Jingjing , McKay Alasdair I. , Guerrin Clément , Forsyth Craig , Ma Howard Z. , Goerigk Lars , O'Hair Richard A. J. , Bonnefont Antoine , Ruhlmann Laurent , Aloise Stephane , Ritchie Chris
Published: October 2022

The metastable trilacunary heteropolyoxomolybdate [PMo9O31(py)3]3−; py = pyridine) and the ditopic pyridyl bearing diarylethene (DAE) (C25H16N2F6S2) self-assemble via a facile ligand replacement methodology to yield the photo-active molecular capsule [(PMo9O31)2(DAE)3]6−.
The simplest structure of a stable radical showing high fluorescence efficiency in solution: benzene donors with triarylmethyl radicals
Authors: Hattori Yohei , Kitajima Ryota , Ota Wataru , Matsuoka Ryota , Kusamoto Tetsuro , Sato Tohru , Uchida Kingo
Published: October 2022

By adding mesityl donors to a diphenylpyridyl radical acceptor, a highly luminescent stable radical was prepared in three steps from commercially available reagents. The photoluminescence quantum yield was as much as 69% in chloroform.
Free-standing P-doped Fe2O3/ZnO nanotubes as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Ganje Pratap M. , Bandal Harshad A. , Hern Kim
Published: October 2022

Phosphorous doping augments HER and OER activity of Fe2O3/ZnO nanotubes.
Two-dimensional BiTeI as a novel perovskite additive for printable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Tsikritzis Dimitris , Chatzimanolis Konstantinos , Tzoganakis Nikolaos , Bellani Sebastiano , Zappia Marilena Isabella , Bianca Gabriele , Curreli Nicola , Buha Joka , Kriegel Ilka , Antonatos Nikolas , Sofer Zdeněk , Krassas Miron , Rogdakis Konstantinos , Bonaccorso Francesco , Kymakis Emmanuel
Published: October 2022

2D BiTeI flakes were exfoliated and incorporated in PSCs as an additive in the perovskite layer. The energy level alignment changes from “cliff” to “spike” upon BiTeI incorporation. The FF increases to 82% and the PCE to 18.3%.
Interfacial stress induced by the adaptive construction of hydrangea-like heterojunctions based on in situ electrochemical phase reconfiguration for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction at high current density
Authors: Qiu Yanling , Sun Aowei , Zhang Xinyue , Liu Xiuping , Wang Yijun , Liu Jingquan
Published: October 2022

Combined with the interface stress caused by lattice mismatch, an adaptive nanoflower heterostructure is dynamically constructed for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction by activating the redox chemistry of NiSe.
Synergistic effect of adsorption and electrocatalysis of CoO/NiO heterostructure nanosheet assembled nanocages for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wu Longsheng , Hu Jingping , Yang Xiaorong , Liang Zhilin , Chen Sijing , Liu Lu , Hou Huijie , Yang Jiakuan
Published: October 2022

CoO/NiO nanosheet assembled nanocages (CoO/NiO@C-NC) were prepared to improve the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries. CoO/NiO@C-NC shows a synergistic adsorption–electrocatalysis effect to accelerate the redox of lithium polysulfides.
Visual–Auditory Integration and High-Variability Speech Can Facilitate Mandarin Chinese Tone Identification
Authors: Wei Yanjun , Jia Lin , Gao Fei , Wang Jianqin
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Previous studies have demonstrated that tone identification can be facilitated when auditory tones are integrated with visual information that depicts the pitch contours of the auditory tones (hereafter, visual effect). This study investigates this visual effect in combined visual–auditory integration with high- and low-variability speech and examines whether one's prior tonal-language learning experience shapes the strength of this visual effect.

Method:

Thirty Mandarin-naïve listeners, 25 Mandarin second language learners, and 30 native Mandarin listeners participated in a tone identification task in which participants judged whether an auditory tone was rising or falling in pitch. Moving arrows depicted the pitch contours of the auditory tones. A priming paradigm was used with the target auditory tones primed by four multimodal conditions: no stimuli (A−V−), visual-only stimuli (A−V+), auditory-only stimuli (A+V−), and both auditory and visual stimuli (A+V+).

Results:

For Mandarin naïve listeners, the visual effect in accuracy produced under the cross-modal integration (A+V+ vs. A+V−) was superior to a unimodal approach (A−V+ vs. A−V−), as evidenced by a higher
d
prime of A+V+ as opposed to A+V−. However, this was not the case in response time. Additionally, the visual effect in accuracy and response time under the unimodal approach only occurred for high-variability speech, not for low-variability speech. Across the three groups of listeners, we found that the less tonal-language learning experience one had, the stronger the visual effect.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed the visual–auditory advantage and disadvantage of the visual effect and the joint contribution of visual–auditory integration and high-variability speech on facilitating tone perception via the process of speech symbolization and categorization.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21357729
Subcortical and Cortical Electrophysiological Measures in Children With Speech-in-Noise Deficits Associated With Auditory Processing Disorders
Authors: Hussain Reesha Oovattil , Kumar Prawin , Singh Niraj Kumar
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to analyze the subcortical and cortical auditory evoked potentials for speech stimuli in children with speech-in-noise (SIN) deficits associated with auditory processing disorder (APD) without any reading or language deficits.

Method:

The study included 20 children in the age range of 9–13 years. Ten children were recruited to the APD group; they had below-normal scores on the speech-perception-in-noise test and were diagnosed as having APD. The remaining 10 were typically developing (TD) children and were recruited to the TD group. Speech-evoked subcortical (brainstem) and cortical (auditory late latency) responses were recorded and compared across both groups.

Results:

The results showed a statistically significant reduction in the amplitudes of the subcortical potentials (both for stimulus in quiet and in noise) and the magnitudes of the spectral components (fundamental frequency and the second formant) in children with SIN deficits in the APD group compared to the TD group. In addition, the APD group displayed enhanced amplitudes of the cortical potentials compared to the TD group.

Conclusion:

Children with SIN deficits associated with APD exhibited impaired coding/processing of the auditory information at the level of the brainstem and the auditory cortex.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21357735
A Survey of Midwestern School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Knowledge and Confidence in Providing Literacy Services
Authors: Marble-Flint Karissa J. , Schneider-Cline Whitney , Brumbaugh Klaire M. , Chavira Judydiana C. , Parham Douglas F.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Literacy instruction is within the scope of practice of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and is a documented service provided among school-based SLPs. The purpose of this investigation was to replicate Davis and Murza's (2019) study of Virginia school-based SLPs in another geographic location. This study gathered information regarding Midwestern SLPs' knowledge of disciplinary literacy and confidence providing services to school-aged children and adolescents with literacy goals and aligning their practice to educational standards.

Method:

Ninety-nine Midwestern school-based SLPs completed a 26-question online survey. The survey was replicated from Davis and Murza's (2019) investigation with a modification to include additional demographic information about participants.

Results:

The majority of school-based SLPs in this study were not familiar with the term
disciplinary literacy
but desired continuing education on the topic. A moderate relationship was found between SLPs' confidence in their ability to implement language therapy that impacts students' literacy achievement in both kindergarten through third grade and fourth through fifth grades, and the percentage of students on caseload with Individualized Education Program goals connected to literacy achievement.

Conclusions:

When compared to Davis and Murza's (2019) study, there are similarities noted, such as Midwestern SLPs are not completely comfortable or confident with implementing literacy intervention. The differences between these two studies exist in the relationship between experience and confidence in supporting literacy achievement. Additional information about the preprofessional coursework offerings, particularly those focused on adolescents, is of interest for future studies to understand the potential impacts on SLPs' confidence levels.
Home and School Literacy Experiences in Preschool-Age Children With Developmental Disabilities: Identifying Relationships Between Speech, Language, and Early Literacy Skills
Authors: Barton-Hulsey Andrea , Sevcik Rose A. , Romski MaryAnn , Collins Sara C.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Literacy instruction at home and in school, in addition to child speech and language ability, plays an essential role in reading development. The relationship between these factors in children with developmental disabilities during preschool is important to identify and describe in order to develop and test interventions that target instructional supports. This study examines the relationship between parent perceptions of literacy experiences at home and in school and speech, language, and literacy skills in children with developmental disabilities in preschool.

Method:

Child factors of speech ability, expressive and receptive language and vocabulary comprehension, phonological awareness, and print knowledge in 38 preschool-age children with developmental disabilities between the ages of 48 and 69 months were assessed. Home and school literacy experiences were reported via parent questionnaires. Relationships between child factors and home and school experiences were evaluated.

Results:

Parents reported frequent shared literacy engagement regardless of speech ability or receptive language skills. In school, parents reported that teachers engaged in activities of decoding and word recognition and used technology and/or augmentative and alternative communication at least weekly for instruction, but rarely for writing. Speech ability was significantly correlated with access to technology for instruction, with children who had greater speech ability provided with greater access to technology.

Conclusions:

Findings suggest that parents of young children with developmental disabilities shared positive perceptions of the role reading together plays in language and literacy development and read together frequently. At school, more limited access to reading instruction was reported. Speech-language pathologists, teachers, and parents each play important roles in providing access to foundational literacy activities during preschool for children with developmental disabilities.
Quasi-spherical superclusters
Authors: Heinämäki P. , Teerikorpi P. , Douspis M. , Nurmi P. , Einasto M. , Gramann M. , Nevalainen J. , Saar E.
Published: October 2022

Context.Superclusters are systems with varied properties and varied fractional overdensities. Their dynamical state evolves under the influence of two components: dark energy and gravitational force. The dominant component at any spatial location and cosmic epoch is determined by the total mass and the local overdensity of the system. However, generally the dynamical state of superclusters is poorly known.

Aims.We study properties of superclusters and select a sample of quasi-spherical superclusters, the dynamics of which can be studied using the Λ significance diagram.

Methods.We extracted our supercluster sample with an adaptive local threshold density method from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) data and estimated their masses using the dynamical masses for member galaxies and groups. We used topological analysis based on Minkowski functionals and the positions of galaxies and galaxy groups in superclusters. Finally, we highlight the dynamical state of a few exceptional types of superclusters found in this study using the Λ significance diagram.

Results.Our final sample contains 65 superclusters in the distance range of 130−450 Mpc. Supercluster masses range between 1.1 × 1015 M⊙and 1.4 × 1016 M⊙and sizes between 25 Mpc and 87 Mpc. We find that pancake-type superclusters form the low-luminosity, small, poor and low-mass end of superclusters. We find four superclusters of unusual types, exhibiting exceptionally spherical shapes. These so-called quasi-spherical systems contain a high-density core surrounded by a relatively spherical density and galaxy distribution. The mass-to-light ratio of these quasi-sphericals is higher than those of the other superclusters, suggesting a relatively high dark matter content. Using the Λ significance diagram for oblate and prolate spheroids, we find that three quasi-spherical superclusters are gravitationally bound at the present epoch.

Conclusions.Quasi-spherical superclusters are among the largest gravitationally bound systems found to date, and form a special class of giant systems that, dynamically, are in between large gravitationally unbound superclusters and clusters of galaxies in an equilibrium configuration.
Padé resummation of divergent Born series and its motivation by analysis of poles
Authors: van der Sijs Thomas , El Gawhary Omar , Urbach Paul
Published: October 2022

The Born series is in principle a powerful way to solve electromagnetic scattering problems. Higherorder terms can be computed recurrently until the desired accuracy is obtained. In practice, however, the series solution often diverges, which severely limits its use. We discuss how Padé approximation can be applied to the Born series to tame its divergence. We apply it to the scalar problem of scattering by a cylinder, which has an analytical solution that we use for comparison. Furthermore, we improve our understanding of the divergence problem by analyzing the poles in the analytical solution. This helps build the case for the use of Padé approximation in electromagnetic scattering problems. Additionally, the poles reveal the region of convergence of the Born series for this problem, which agrees with actual calculations of the Born series.
Shape modification of the optical probe for wetness measurement using CFD calculations
Authors: Kolovratník Michal , Jun Guk chol , Novotný Václav
Published: October 2022

An optical extinction probe is usually used for measurements of liquid phase parameters of wet steam in steam turbines. Since the probe is relatively large, its interaction with the flow field negatively affects the accuracy of the measurements. A shape modification of the optical probe has been proposed to reduce this negative impact of the probe-flow field interaction. The benefit of the proposed shape modification of the probe has been verified using numerical (CFD) calculations. In these CFD calculations, a non-equilibrium steam condensation which enables to simulate a formation and development (growth) of fine droplets has been considered.
CFD simulation of wettability of laser-structured surfaces
Authors: Novosád Jan , Dvořák Libor , Peukert Pavel
Published: October 2022

This paper describes the numerical analysis of the wettability of the micro structured surfaces. The structure of the surface are the grooves created by the laser ablation. The main goal is to find the influence of the groove parameters on the wettability, specifically the contact angle. Ansys Fluent using the VOF method for multiphase simulation is used. In total, five different structures were investigated. The work started with the validation of the CFD methodology based on the experimental data for some structures. The CFD analysis was then performed. The fields of volume fraction as a results have been assessed to reach the contact angle value. The influence of structure parameters on the contact angle value were discussed. Finally, the recommendations for the optimal structure were defined.
Uncertainty Estimation Methods in Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Novotný Jan , Nováková Ludmila , Machovská Ilona
Published: October 2022

The aim of present work is focused on determining accuracy of the measurement using the Particle Image Velocimetry based on an analysis of synthetic Uniform flow test and Couette flow test. We focused on testing the Standard Cross Correlation algorithm and interdependence between the several metrics based on the ratio signal and noise peak and the measurement accuracy at each point. This work is describing the influence of the new corrected metric that is corrected by a displacement measured in the last iteration, detected mean density of the particles and the velocity gradient. Newly proposed method of calculating the metric, Lost of Particle Ratio, is based on the determination of the magnitudes of two correlation peaks. In this work there is defined and compared another metric based on the result of synthetics data test which is based on determination of main parameters as number of particles, gradient in interrogation area and displacement of particles calculated in the last step of correlation. For all presented metrics the relationship is between the metrics and the accuracy.
Static characteristics of the new artificial pneumatic muscle
Authors: Takosoglu Jakub
Published: October 2022

The pneumatic artificial muscles are used as driving elements of mobile, anthropomorphic, bionic and humanoid robots as well as rehabilitation and physiotherapeutic manipulators. The PAMs are also increasingly used for the automation of industrial processes. The article presents test stands and methods used to determine the static, isobaric, isotonic and isometric characteristics of the new pneumatic artificial muscles. The muscles have been designed and developed at the Kielce University of Technology. Comparative tests of technical parameters of the designed muscle with the muscles available on the market have been performed.
Study of fibre movement in a bifurcation
Authors: Volavy Jaroslav , Farkas Arpad , Lizal Frantisek , Elcner Jakub , Jicha Miroslav
Published: October 2022

The nature of fibre motion is much more complex than the motion of spherical particles. A complex model must be used for tracking of the fibre carried by the flow. The model must take into account the orientation of the fibre against the flow and solve the consequent rotation of the fibre. Description of such model can be found in this article. It is then used for simulation and analysis of fibre movement in a single planar bifurcation.
Synchronization of the movement for multi-cylinder electrohydraulic servo driver
Authors: Woś Piotr , Dindorf Ryszard
Published: October 2022

The article presents the problem of synchronization of piston rods velocity of the multi-cylinder electro-hydraulic servo drive. This task was presented on the example of a heavily loaded mobile caterpillar platform. For levelling the platform, a four-post electro-hydraulic support mechanism with a proportional valve control system was used. A linear external controller to synchronize the movement of the cylinders was used and a non-linear internal control system for each of the cylinders lifting the platform.
The aspect of the flow around a circular cylinder in a free surface water flow
Authors: Yokoi Yoshifumi
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is in collection of the basic data for development of the simple flow velocity measurement equipment. A 10mm diameter circular cylinder was inserted into the free surface stream, and investigation of the water surface height and the relationship of the flow velocity which creep up the circular cylinder surface were performed. The experiment performed in the closed circuit water channel apparatus (the range of stream velocity is 0.07 - 0.98m/s) and carried out image-processing measurement using the video recording apparatus. In the insertion depth of various circular cylinders, observation of the height which creeps up the circular cylinder when varying the flow velocity was carried out. As a result, it became clear that the height of the water surface which creeps up by the increase in the flow velocity increases. And it also became clear for the phenomenon not to be based on the insertion depth. It was obtained that measured rising height and the flow velocity is required from Bernouilli's equation using the value. In the measurement, it became clear that 5 or more times of the cylinder diameter are required for the required insertion depth.
The refractive and diffractive contributions to GPS signal scintillation at high latitudes during the geomagnetic storm on 7–8 September 2017
Authors: Zheng Yuhao , Xiong Chao , Jin Yaqi , Liu Dun , Oksavik Kjellmar , Xu Chunyu , Zhu Yixun , Gao Shunzu , Wang Fengjue , Wang Hui , Yin Fan
Published: October 2022

Different indices have been used to reflect, or monitor the ionospheric scintillation, e.g. the detrended carrier phase,σφ,S4,the rate of change of the vertical total electron content index (vROTI), as well as the ionosphere‐free linear combination (IFLC) of two carrier phases. However, few studies have been performed to investigate the refractive and diffractive contributions to these indices, especially during geomagnetic storms. In this study, we analyze the high-resolution (50 Hz) phase and amplitude measurements from four high-latitude stations in Svalbard, Norway during the geomagnetic storm on 7–8 September 2017. Our results show that at high latitudes, the high-pass filter with a standard cutoff frequency of 0.1 Hz sometimes cannot effectively remove the refraction-driven phase variations, especially during the geomagnetic storm, leading to a remaining refraction contribution to the detrended carrier phase andσφwhen scintillation happens. In the meanwhile, asvROTI is sensitive to the TEC gradients, regardless of small- or large-scale ionospheric structures, both refraction and diffraction effects can cause visible fluctuations ofvROTI. For most of the scintillation events, the phase indices (including detrended carrier phase,σφ, andvROTI), IFLC,andS4show consistent fluctuations, indicating that diffraction usually occurs simultaneously with refraction during scintillation. One interesting feature is that although the IFLC andS4are thought to be both related to the diffraction effect, they do not always show simultaneous correspondence during scintillations. The IFLC is enhanced during the geomagnetic storm, while such a feature is not seen inS4. We suggest that the enhanced IFLC during the geomagnetic storm is caused by the increased high-frequency phase power, which should be related to the enhanced density of small-scale irregularities during storm periods.
Randbetonte erythematöse Plaques bei einem Patienten mit kongenitaler Ichthyose: von häufigen und seltenen Dermatosen
Authors: Hoffmann Vincent , Schneider Lisa Christina , Mechow Norma , Weilandt Juliane , Gellrich Sylke , Guski Silja , Kinzel Miriam , Ludwig-Peitsch Wiebke
Published: October 2022

Nicht-syndromale autosomal-rezessive kongenitale Ichthyosen (ARCI) sind seltene hereditäre Verhornungsstörungen mit einem heterogenen Spektrum an Phänotypen von einer nahezu erscheinungsfreien Haut über eine milde bis schwere Erythrodermie bis hin zu Panzer-artigen Schuppen. Zu den Hauptvertretern zählen die lamelläre Ichthyose, die kongenitale ichthyosiforme Erythrodermie, die Harlekin-Ichythose, die „bathing suit ichthyosis“ und die „self-improving congenital ichthyosis“ (SICI), die sich im Laufe des ersten Lebensjahres bessert und im späteren Leben nur noch durch eine Xerosis cutis mit diskreten, feinen weißen Schuppen äußert.

Wir berichten über einen 38-jährigen Patienten, der sich mit einer milden kongenitalen Ichthyose unbekannter genetischer Ursache und einem seit einem Monat erheblich verschlechterten Hautbefund vorstellte. Anhand des klinischen Befundes mit anulären, randbetonten, schuppenden erythematösen Plaques, der Histologie und einer Schuppenpilzkultur konnte eine durch Trichophyton rubrum hervorgerufene Tinea corporis als Ursache für die Exazerbation identifiziert werden. Diese heilte nach 4-wöchiger systemischer Therapie mit Terbinafin komplett ab. Zurück blieb nur eine Xerosis cutis mit einer feinen weißen Schuppung. Passend zur klinischen Verdachtsdiagnose einer SICI erbrachte die molekulargenetische Untersuchung zwei mutmaßlich compound-heterozygote, wahrscheinlich pathogene Varianten im ALOXE3-Gen, eine Spleiß-Variante (c.1392+2T>A;p.?) und ein komplexes Rearrangement. ALOXE3 kodiert für die Lipooxygenase E3, die für die epidermale Differenzierung und für den Aufbau des „cornified envelope“ bedeutsam ist. Varianten in diesem Gen sind eine der Hauptursachen für SICI.

Patienten mit Ichthyosen weisen aufgrund des verdickten Stratum corneum, einer verzögerten Desquamation, einer gestörten epidermalen Barrierefunktion und einer Störung der Talg- und Schweißproduktion ein erhöhtes Risiko für Dermatophytosen auf. Diese präsentieren sich oft atypisch und können daher leicht verkannt werden. Insbesondere bei schweren kongenitalen Ichthyosen sind chronische Verläufe und Rezidive häufig. Unser Fall zeigt, dass auch und gerade bei Patienten mit seltenen Verhornungsstörungen an häufige infektiöse Dermatosen wie Tinea corporis gedacht werden muss.
ZNS- und Nebennierenmetastasen bei Merkelzellkarzinom – ein besonderer Fall
Authors: Hage Sina-Maria , Burbach Guido , Harth Wolfgang
Published: October 2022

Das Merkelzellkarzinom ist ein hochaggressiver, seltener Hauttumor. Bei Erstdiagnose bestehen bereits bei 30% der Patienten loko-regionäre Lymphknotenmetastasen. Fernmetastasen finden sich häufig in entfernten Lymphknotenstationen, der Haut, den abdominellen Organen und den Knochen. Bei Auftreten von Fernmetastasen reduziert sich das 5-Jahres-Überleben auf 18%. Wir berichten über eine Patientin mit Merkelzellkarzinom, die ein Jahr nach Erstdiagnose Fernmetastasen im ZNS und den Nebennieren entwickelte. Beide Lokalisationen sind bisher selten beschrieben. Therapeutisch kamen Radiatio, Radiochirurgie und eine Immuntherapie mit Avelumab zum Einsatz. Während sich hierunter eine komplette Remission der Hirnfiliae zeigte, führte ein rasanter Progress der Nebennierenmetastasen zur Umstellung auf eine palliative platinbasierte Chemotherapie.
Dermatologie im Vivantes Konzern: von drei Hautkliniken zu einem gemeinsamen Hauttumorzentrum
Authors: Ludwig-Peitsch Wiebke , Hillen Uwe , Harth Wolfgang
Published: October 2022

Das 2001 gegründete Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit ist der größte kommunale Krankenhauskonzern Deutschlands. Von den neun über Berlin verteilten Klinik-Standorten verfügen drei über Hautkliniken. Die Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie ist im Norden Berlins in Spandau angesiedelt, die Klinik für Dermatologie und Phlebologie in der Mitte im Friedrichshain und die Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie im Süden in Neukölln. Nach der Strategie 3 × 3 × 3 bietet jede Hautklinik zusammen mit ihren Medizinischen Versorgungszentren (MVZ) das gesamte stationäre, tagesstationäre und ambulante dermatologische Spektrum. Zudem hat jede Klinik wie bereits an den Namen erkennbar besondere, sich gegenseitig sehr gut ergänzende Schwerpunkte.

Im Jahr 2008 fand erstmals eine gemeinsame Hautkrebskonferenz der drei Kliniken statt, die den Boden für die Gründung eines Standort-übergreifenden Hautkrebszentrums bereitete. 2019 wurde das Vivantes Hauttumorzentrum als deutschlandweit erstes dreistandortiges Hautkrebszentrum von der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft zertifiziert. Dank engagierter Klinik-Teams, sehr guter Vernetzung innerhalb des Vivantes Konzerns, Berlins und der dermatologischen Fachgesellschaften und hervorragender Kooperationen entwickeln sich das Hauttumorzentrum und die drei Kliniken in der heutigen turbulenten Zeit erfolgreich weiter.
Das kutane Plattenepithelkarzinom – ein Update
Authors: Burda Birgit , Schultz Erwin S.
Published: October 2022

Hintergrund Das kutane Plattenepithelkarzinom (PEK) ist nach dem Basalzellkarzinom der zweithäufigste bösartige Hauttumor. In Deutschland wurden 2014 über 50 000 PEK-Neuerkrankungen dokumentiert. Mit Zunahme der durchschnittlichen Lebenserwartung und Komorbiditäten treten mittlerweile auch gehäuft lokal fortgeschrittene Tumore mit Metastasierung auf.

Methode Selektive Literaturrecherche in PubMed und unter Berücksichtigung der deutschen S3-Leitlinien „Aktinische Keratosen und Plattenepithelkarzinom der Haut“ und „Prävention von Hautkrebs“.

Ergebnisse Beim PEK ist der Goldstandard die vollständige Exzision des Primärtumors mittels histopathologischer Kontrolle der Schnittränder. Eine Radiotherapie kann eingesetzt werden, wenn eine vollständige Exzision nicht erreicht werden kann bzw. Inoperabilität besteht. Im Falle eines metastasierten (mPEK) oder lokal fortgeschrittenen (laPEK) PEK, welches nicht kurativ operiert oder bestrahlt werden kann, werden systemische medikamentöse Therapien eingesetzt. Mit der Zulassung des PD1-Antikörpers Cemiplimab steht seit 2019 in der EU eine neue systemische Therapie zur Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen PEK zur Verfügung. Nach bis zu 3 Jahren Follow-up sprechen noch 46 % der Patienten mit mPEK und laPEK auf Cemiplimab an, der Medianwert für das Gesamtüberleben und die Ansprechdauer ist in beiden Gruppe noch nicht erreicht. Weitere Antikörper gegen PD1 oder PDL1, Kombinationstherapien sowie die Immuntherapie mit onkolytischen Viren ermöglichen zahlreiche Therapieoptionen und sind aktuell Gegenstand der Forschung.

Schlussfolgerung Mit der Zunahme von fortgeschrittenen Stadien des PEK nimmt die Wichtigkeit des interdisziplinären Tumorboards für den Therapieentscheid immer mehr zu. Die Weiterentwicklung bestehender therapeutischer Konzepte, die Identifikation von gut wirksamen Kombinationstherapien sowie die Entwicklung weiterer verträglicher zielgerichteter Systemtherapien ist eine entscheidende dermatoonkologische Herausforderung der nächsten Jahre.
Study on the reaction mechanism of the potassium bicarbonate alkali activation process in black liquor
Authors: Lee Jeong Han , Cha Young Lok , Kang Yong-Mook , Roh Kwang Chul
Published: October 2022

The alkaline hydrothermal separation of cellulose is a crucial step in biofuel generation, wherein black liquor containing lignin and alkali is produced as a by-product. This study explored the reaction mechanism of the residual alkali during the activation process. In this reaction, the impregnated K reagent exhibited unusual behavior owing to its bonding with the lignin structure, which was confirmed by the K 2p peak shift in x-ray photoelectron spectra. This behavior resulted in the formation of a microporous and mesoporous substance with a high surface area of 2146 m2 g−1 without requiring additional chemical reagents. Furthermore, the activated carbon derived from black liquor possessed outstanding properties, allowing its use in supercapacitors. This study demonstrates that giant miscanthus-derived black liquor can be used as an activated carbon precursor for application in electric double-layer capacitors owing to its superior electrochemical capabilities.
Polarizable MD and QM/MM investigation of acrylamide-based leads to target the main protease of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Nochebuena Jorge , Cisneros G. Andrés
Published: October 2022

The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is an essential enzyme for the replication of the virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Because there is no known homologue in humans, it has been proposed as a primary target for antiviral drug development. Here, we explore the potential of five acrylamide-based molecules as possible covalent inhibitors, leading to target MPro by docking, followed by polarizable molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. All calculations involving a classical potential were calculated with the AMOEBABIO18 polarizable force field, while electronic structure calculations were performed within the framework of density functional theory. Selected docking poses for each of the five compounds were used for MD simulations, which suggest only one of the tested leads remains bound in a catalytically active orientation. The QM/MM results for the covalent attachment of the promising lead to the catalytic serine suggest that this process is thermodynamically feasible but kinetically unlikely. Overall, our results are consistent with the low labeling percentages determined experimentally and may be useful for further development of acrylamide-based leads.
Understanding the roles of central and autonomic activity during sleep in the improvement of working memory and episodic memory
Authors: Chen Pin-Chun , Zhang Jing , Thayer Julian F. , Mednick Sara C.
Published: October 2022

The last decade has seen significant progress in identifying sleep mechanisms that support cognition. Most of these studies focus on the link between electrophysiological events of the central nervous system during sleep and improvements in different cognitive domains, while the dynamic shifts of the autonomic nervous system across sleep have been largely overlooked. Recent studies, however, have identified significant contributions of autonomic inputs during sleep to cognition. Yet, there remain considerable gaps in understanding how central and autonomic systems work together during sleep to facilitate cognitive improvement. In this article we examine the evidence for the independent and interactive roles of central and autonomic activities during sleep and wake in cognitive processing. We specifically focus on the prefrontal–subcortical structures supporting working memory and mechanisms underlying the formation of hippocampal-dependent episodic memory. Our Slow Oscillation Switch Model identifies separate and competing underlying mechanisms supporting the two memory domains at the synaptic, systems, and behavioral levels. We propose that sleep is a competitive arena in which both memory domains vie for limited resources, experimentally demonstrated when boosting one system leads to a functional trade-off in electrophysiological and behavioral outcomes. As these findings inevitably lead to further questions, we suggest areas of future research to better understand how the brain and body interact to support a wide range of cognitive domains during a single sleep episode.
Predictive coding, multisensory integration, and attentional control: A multicomponent framework for lucid dreaming
Authors: Simor Péter , Bogdány Tamás , Peigneux Philippe
Published: October 2022

Lucid dreaming (LD) is a mental state in which we realize not being awake but are dreaming while asleep. It often involves vivid, perceptually intense dream images as well as peculiar kinesthetic sensations, such as flying, levitating, or out-of-body experiences. LD is in the cross-spotlight of cognitive neuroscience and sleep research as a particular case to study consciousness, cognition, and the neural background of dream experiences. Here, we present a multicomponent framework for the study and understanding of neurocognitive mechanisms and phenomenological aspects of LD. We propose that LD is associated with prediction error signals arising during sleep and occurring at higher or lower levels of the processing hierarchy. Prediction errors are resolved by generating a superordinate self-model able to integrate ambiguous stimuli arriving from sensory periphery and higher-order cortical regions. While multisensory integration enables lucidity maintenance and contributes to peculiar kinesthetic experiences, attentional control facilitates multisensory integration by dynamically regulating the balance between the influence of top-down mental models and the precision weighting of bottom-up sensory inputs. Our novel framework aims to link neural correlates of LD with current concepts of sleep and arousal regulation and provide testable predictions on interindividual differences in LD as well as neurocognitive mechanisms inducing lucid dreams.
An experimental test of the nicotinic hypothesis of COVID-19
Authors: Godellas Nicole E. , Cymes Gisela D. , Grosman Claudio
Published: October 2022

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the constellation of symptoms that characterize COVID-19 are only incompletely understood. In an effort to fill these gaps, a “nicotinic hypothesis,” which posits that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) act as additional severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptors, has recently been put forth. A key feature of the proposal (with potential clinical ramifications) is the suggested competition between the virus’ spike protein and small-molecule cholinergic ligands for the receptor’s orthosteric binding sites. This notion is reminiscent of the well-established role of the muscle AChR during rabies virus infection. To address this hypothesis directly, we performed equilibrium-type ligand-binding competition assays using the homomeric human α7-AChR (expressed on intact cells) as the receptor, and radio-labeled α-bungarotoxin (α-BgTx) as the orthosteric-site competing ligand. We tested different SARS-CoV-2 spike protein peptides, the S1 domain, and the entire S1–S2 ectodomain, and found that none of them appreciably outcompete [125I]-α-BgTx in a specific manner. Furthermore, patch-clamp recordings showed no clear effect of the S1 domain on α7-AChR–mediated currents. We conclude that the binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the human α7-AChR’s orthosteric sites—and thus, its competition with ACh, choline, or nicotine—is unlikely to be a relevant aspect of this complex disease.
Japanese turn-finaltteyuuas a formulation device
Authors: Arita Yuki
Published: October 2022

This paper offers a conversation analytic study of the Japanese turn-final constructiontteyuuas a conversational practice of formulation.Tteyuuis normally used in clausal noun modification, being placed between its preceding clausal component and a following head noun. However,tteyuualso appears to be employed utterance-finally without a following head noun. Through microanalysis of mundane conversation data, this study documents a previously unstudied aspect of the turn-finaltteyuuas a formulation device. This study especially focuses on how informing recipients utilizetteyuuformulations to summarize or explicate the gist of some part of their conversations, while indicating their high degree of epistemic access to the formulated information. Furthermore, this research examines what conversation participants accomplish by mobilizing this particular type of formulations. This study aims to contribute to the research of formulation by unveiling how a language-specific item can be deployed as a resource for turn-constructional formatting of formulation.
Size-tunable silver nanoparticle synthesis in glycerol driven by a low-pressure nonthermal plasma
Authors: Xu Chi , Andaraarachchi Himashi P , Xiong Zichang , Eslamisaray Mohammad Ali , Kushner Mark J , Kortshagen Uwe R
Published: October 2022

Silver nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in electronic components, chemical sensors, and disinfection applications, in which many of their properties depend on particle size. However, control over silver NP size and morphology still remains a challenge for many synthesis techniques. In this work, we demonstrate the surfactant-free synthesis of silver NPs using a low-pressure inductively coupled nonthermal argon plasma. Continuously forming droplets of silver nitrate (AgNO3) precursor dissolved in glycerol are exposed to the plasma, with the droplet residence time being determined by the precursor flow rate. Glycerol has rarely been studied in plasma-liquid interactions but shows favorable properties for controlled NP synthesis at low pressure. We show that the droplet residence time and plasma power have strong influence on NP properties, and that improved size control and particle monodispersity can be achieved by pulsed power operation. Silver NPs had mean diameters of 20 nm with geometric standard deviations of 1.6 under continuous wave operation, which decreased to 6 nm mean and 1.3 geometric standard deviation for pulsed power operation at 100 Hz and 20% duty cycle. We propose that solvated electrons from the plasma and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation induced electrons produced in glycerol are the main reducing agents of Ag+, the precursor for NPs, while no significant change of chemical composition of the glycerol solvent was detected.
MX family: an efficient platform for topological spintronics based on Rashba and Zeeman-like spin splittings
Authors: Rehman Majeed Ur , Qiao Zhenhua
Published: October 2022

Taking various combinations of M = (Mo, W) and X = (C, S, Se) as examples, we propose that MX (M = transition metals, X = IV,V or VI elements) family can establish an excellent platform for both conventional and topological spintronics applications based on anisotropic Rashba-like and non-magnetic Zeeman-type spin splittings with electrically tunable nature. In particular, we observe sizeable Zeeman-like and Rashba-like spin splittings with an anisotropic nature. Meanwhile, they exhibit Rashba-like and topologically robust helical edge states when grown in ferroelectric and paraelectric phases, respectively. These MX monolayers are realized to be quantum valley Hall insulators due to valley contrasting Berry curvatures. The carriers in these MX monolayers can be selectively excited from opposite valleys depending on the polarity of circularly polarized light. The amplitude of the spin splitting can be further tuned by applying external means such as strain, electric field or alloy engineering. Furthermore, considering graphene sheet over the WC monolayer as a prototype example, we show that these MX monolayers can boost the relativistic effect by coupling with the systems exhibiting extremely weak spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Depending on the surface of WC monolayer in contact with the graphene sheet, graphene over WC monolayer passes through the transformation from the semiconducting junction to the Shotcky barrier-free contact. Finally, we reveal that these MX monolayers could also be grown on the substrates such as WS

2

(
001
)

and GaTe (001) with type-II band alignment, where electron and hole become layer splitted across the interface. Our analysis should be fairly applied to other systems with strong SOC and an equivalent geometrical structure to the MX monolayers.