bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opinion: Why all emergent constraints are wrong but some are useful – a machine learning perspective
Authors: Nowack Peer , Watson-Parris Duncan
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Global climate change projections are subject to substantial modelling uncertainties. A variety of emergent constraints, as well as several other statistical model evaluation approaches, have been suggested to address these uncertainties. However, they remain heavily debated in the climate science community. Still, the central idea to relate future model projections to already observable quantities has no real substitute. Here, we highlight the validation perspective of predictive skill in the machine learning community as a promising alternative viewpoint. Specifically, we argue for quantitative approaches in which each suggested constraining relationship can be evaluated comprehensively based on out-of-sample test data – on top of qualitative physical plausibility arguments that are already commonplace in the justification of new emergent constraints. Building on this perspective, we review machine learning ideas for new types of controlling-factor analyses (CFAs). The principal idea behind these CFAs is to use machine learning to find climate-invariant relationships in historical data which hold approximately under strong climate change scenarios. On the basis of existing data archives, these climate-invariant relationships can be validated in perfect-climate-model frameworks. From a machine learning perspective, we argue that such approaches are promising for three reasons: (a) they can be objectively validated for both past data and future data, (b) they provide more direct – and, by design, physically plausible – links between historical observations and potential future climates, and (c) they can take high-dimensional and complex relationships into account in the functions learned to constrain the future response. We demonstrate these advantages for two recently published CFA examples in the form of constraints on climate feedback mechanisms (clouds, stratospheric water vapour) and discuss further challenges and opportunities using the example of a rapid adjustment mechanism (aerosol–cloud interactions). We highlight several avenues for future work, including strategies to address non-linearity, to tackle blind spots in climate model ensembles, to integrate helpful physical priors into Bayesian methods, to leverage physics-informed machine learning, and to enhance robustness through causal discovery and inference.
Insights into new particle formation in Siberian boreal forest from nanoparticle ranking analysis
Authors: Lampilahti Anastasia , Garmash Olga , Aliaga Diego , Arshinov Mikhail , Davydov Denis , Belan Boris , Lampilahti Janne , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Petäjä Tuukka , Kulmala Markku , Ezhova Ekaterina
Published: February 2025

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) plays a critical role in atmospheric processes and climate dynamics. Its mechanisms and impacts remain poorly understood in remote regions like Siberia. In this study, we used the data set from a long-term campaign (2019–2021) employing particle spectrometers (NAIS and DMPS) to investigate NPF at a boreal forest site in Western Siberia. So far, this is the longest dataset for statistics of Siberian NPF. We classified NPF events, calculated formation and growth rates, and performed nanoparticle ranking analysis. Similar to other boreal sites, spring is the most favorable period for NPF events in Siberia. We observed a seasonal variability in growth rates, with the higher values in summer and the lower values in winter. We showed that the results of the ranking analysis can be used to identify the days with high or low NPF event probability, similar to the previous results obtained on the data set from the Finnish boreal forest (SMEAR II station).Nanoparticle ranking analysis introduces aa new metric, ∆N2.5–5, which is the daily maximum concentration of particles in 2.5–5 nm range with subtracted background concentration and is linked with both probability and intensity of NPF. In order to identify the factors influencing NPF in Siberia, we analyzed the correlation between ∆N2.5–5 and concentrations of trace gases, such as SO2, O3, NO, NO2, as well as global solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity (RH), and wind speed. We investigated the dependence of particle formation rate (J3) on ΔN2.5−5, finding a strong positive correlation confirmingconfirming the connection of ΔN2.5−5 with the probability and intensity of NPF. SO₂, linked to anthropogenic pollution, played a significant role in spring when most of NPF events wewere observed. Ozone correlated positively with ΔN2.5−5 in spring and summer, likely due to VOC oxidation. NOx showed seasonally variable effects, with NO positively influencing NPF in autumn and NO2 showing both positive and negative correlations depending on the season. Global solar radiation significantly enhanced NPF by driving photochemical reactions leading toto sulfuric acid production. Temperature suppressed NPF in spring and summer, aligning with the SMEAR II findings. RH had a negative influence across seasons, while condensation sink suppressed NPF, particularly in winter when its values peaked. Sulfuric acid calculated via proxy, critical for nucleation and growth, was a key driver of NPF in winter, spring, and autumn. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of NPF processes in Siberia and highlight the importance of long-term datasets for uncovering regional and seasonal patterns in aerosol formation and growth.
Assessing the sensitivity of storm surge simulation to the atmospheric forcing resolutions across the estuary-sea continuum
Authors: Randresihaja Ny Riana , Gourgue Olivier , Alaerts Lauranne , Fettweis Xavier , Lambrechts Jonathan , De Le Court Miguel , Grégoire Marilaure , Hanert Emmanuel
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Estuaries are particularly vulnerable to flooding from extreme events such as storm surges, and this vulnerability can be exacerbated by climate change. Numerical models are valuable tools for supporting flood prevention and planning in these regions. However, despite recent improvements in storm surge modeling, most models use atmospheric forcing data with spatial resolutions of several tens of kilometers and temporal resolutions of a few hours, hence much coarser than their own resolution. This discrepancy may have an impact on the overall model accuracy. Here, we evaluate the impact of atmospheric forcing data’s spatial and temporal resolution on storm surge modeling within the Scheldt river-estuary-North Sea sea continuum. Atmospheric forcings were incorporated at spatial resolutions ranging from 2 km to 30 km and at temporal resolutions from 15 minutes to 6 hours. Using an unstructured-mesh multiscale hydrodynamic model, we assessed how these variations influenced the accuracy of storm surge simulations. Our findings indicate that increasing spatial resolution significantly improves the accuracy of peak surge predictions in estuarine areas, while higher temporal resolution further enhances model performance only at the finest spatial resolution. The effect of the temporal resolution diminishes as spatial resolution becomes coarser, suggesting that spatial resolution is more critical for improving storm surge forecasts in estuaries like the Scheldt. The timing of peak surges remained consistent across all configurations. The best results are obtained with 2 km and 15 min atmospheric forcing resolution. This study underscores the importance of aligning atmospheric forcing resolution with the hydrodynamic model's spatial scale to achieve optimal accuracy in storm surge predictions for estuaries.
Exploring the potential processes controlling changes in precipitation–runoff relationships in non-stationary environments
Authors: Lan Tian , Li Tongfang , Zhang Hongbo , Wu Jiefeng , Chen Yongqin David , Xu Chong-Yu
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The influence of climate change and anthropogenic activities on precipitation–runoff relationships (PRRs) has been widely discussed. Traditional models assuming stationary conditions can lead to inaccurate streamflow predictions. To address this issue, we propose a Driving index for changes in Precipitation–Runoff Relationships (DPRR), identified as key PRR influencers, involving climate forcing, groundwater, vegetation dynamics, and anthropogenic influences. According to the quantitative results of inputting the candidate driving factors into a holistic conceptual model, the possible process explanations for changes in the PRR were deduced. This framework is validated across five sub-basins in the Wei River basin. Moreover, non-stationary hydrological processes were initially detected, and the nonlinear correlations among the factors were assessed. The results show that baseflow emerges as the primary factor positively influencing the PRR (enhancing the PRR) but with high uncertainty. Potential evapotranspiration plays a dominant role in driving negative PRR changes in the sub-basins which are characterized by a semi-arid climate and minor human interference. Vegetation dynamics negatively influence the PRR, with driving levels correlating with the scale of soil and water conservation engineering, displaying lower uncertainty. Anthropogenic influences, represented by impervious surface ratio (ISR), night-time light (NTL), and population density (POP), exhibit varying driving levels, with ISR having the strongest and most direct impact, closely linked to urbanization processes and scales. The temporal dynamics of driving factors computed by dynamic DPRR generally correspond with hydrological regime shifts in non-stationary environments. The study's findings offer a comprehensive understanding of hydrological processes, enabling informed decision-making for the development of sustainable hydrological models.
Airborne wind energy system test bench electrical emulator
Authors: Nicolás-Martín Carolina , Santos-Martín David , DeLosRíos-Navarrete Francisco , González-García Jorge
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Airborne Wind Energy Systems (AWES) offer a promising alternative to conventional wind turbines, but their commercialization is hindered by challenges in efficiently converting the highly dynamic mechanical power of tethered flight into stable electrical energy. While extensive research has focused on optimizing AWES flight trajectories and control strategies, the power conversion stage, which is critical for integrating AWES into electrical grids, is relatively under-researched. To bridge this gap, reliable and flexible electrical test bench emulators are needed to replicate AWES dynamics under controlled conditions, enabling systematic evaluation and optimization of power electronics and control strategies. This paper presents a validated electrical test bench emulator and a torque ripple-optimized Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy designed to enhance the performance of AWES ground station generators. The proposed emulator accurately reproduces the mechanical-electrical interactions of a real AWES by simulating the variable tether forces and reeling dynamics encountered during optimal crosswind flight. Two electrical topologies are introduced: a separated DC bus configuration that closely mimics real AWES energy storage dynamics and a common DC bus topology that minimizes battery requirements for extended control testing. The proposed MPC strategy ensures precise generator speed and torque regulation, achieving less than 1 % root mean square error (RMSE) in torque tracking while optimizing energy efficiency. Using experimental flight data, the test bench demonstrates an overall energy efficiency exceeding 80 % and peak conversion efficiencies up to 93 %, with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) outperforming Induction Machines (IM) by 2–6 % in instantaneous efficiency. These findings establish electrical test benches as essential for AWES development, offering a scalable platform for optimizing power conversion and control, which advances AWES as a viable renewable energy technology.
The competitiveness of the fruit bushes and strawberries sector in the Republic of Moldova and ways to increase efficiency for sustainable development
Authors: Zbanca Andrei , Crucerescu Cornelia
Published: February 2025

In the conditions of the market economy, farmers have a series of challenges for the sustainable development of the agri-food sector and correct information throughout the value chain is of great importance for the advantageous integration of products at added value prices. Currently, the competitiveness of the soft fruit sector is quite low, which makes it much more difficult to sell them in the conditions of a pronounced competition due to the excessive fragmentation of production and the lack of cooperation of farmers in the homogenization of quality and quantity for accessing civilized trade. The outdated and extensive technologies, the high costs of the means of production for agriculture in the Republic of Moldova, the expensive credits and the existing regional crises have major effects on the berry sector, as they are also much more expensive due to low harvests, as well as inefficient management of agricultural holdings, in especially in the case of micro, small and medium farmers practicing the production of soft fruits. Economic analysis of the economic efficiency in the soft fruit sector and the modernization of agriculture, technologies and farming systems, innovations and digitization must be urgent to create sustainable premises for the development of agricultural holdings.
Transformation of accounting functions and tasks in the context of post-war economic recovery in Ukraine
Authors: Plaksiienko Valerii , Pylypenko Kateryna , Prokopyshyn Oksana
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive analysis delves into the transformative role of accounting in Ukraine's post-war economic recovery. It explores the challenges faced by accountants in adapting to new regulatory frameworks, operational difficulties, and uncertainties arising from the war. The study highlights the importance of accounting in assessing damages, controlling budget funds, supporting investment projects, and developing digital technologies. It also proposes measures to address the challenges faced by accountants, such as strengthening professional training, developing guidelines, and fostering cooperation with state authorities. The analysis identifies key challenges for accountants, including changes in legislation, operational difficulties, and the need to assess damages and ensure transparency. It also emphasizes the importance of digital technologies in modernizing accounting practices and enhancing efficiency. The study concludes that the successful transformation of accounting functions and tasks is crucial for Ukraine's economic recovery. By implementing effective accounting practices and utilizing digital technologies, Ukraine can ensure the transparency, reliability, and completeness of financial information, which is essential for attracting investment and fostering sustainable development.
Economic and Legal Space of Shadow Economy
Authors: Baturina Evgeniya
Published: February 2025

The article presents a systematization of the existing regulatory and methodological framework clarifying the concept of "shadow economy" from the perspective of international and criminal law regulation. The provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are analyzed article by article and the parameterization of the shadow economy through the indicator of illegal economic benefits is proposed. The purpose of considering the shadow economy from the perspective of its regulatory and legal regulation is to supplement the accumulated scientific potential and present a system of parameters for assessing the facts of the manifestation of shadow phenomena for subsequent monitoring of their individual indicators. As a result, the following conclusion is formulated. In the international regulation of the concept of «shadow economy», the most important activity is related to money laundering, in other words, with the transformation of various facts of criminal economic and not only activities into legal ones. The criminal law regulation of the concept of «shadow economy» is characterized by various forms and types of illegal economic benefits, as well as ways to extract it when committing illegal actions. The list of types of illegal economic benefits is defined as follows: 1) in relation to the confiscated form of illegal economic benefit: in the form of cash, valuables and other property; in the form of income from this property; 2) in relation to a non-confiscated form of illegal economic benefit: in the form of income, which is characterized by a cash flow coming in cash and/or non-cash forms on illegal grounds; in the form of an income equivalent value of tangible assets. In this context, the shadow economy is considered as a system of managerial and economic relations arising in the process of formation and transformation of shadow cash flows. In turn, the subsystem of managerial relations includes a "criminal" component, according to which they fall under criminally punishable crimes, with the exception of the economic sphere. In this case, the parameter for assessing the «criminal» component of the shadow economy is the value of the total cash flow, which is formed as a result of the implementation of the considered non-economic crimes, determined only by the «cash method». The subsystem of economic relations includes a «falsified» component, according to which they fall under criminally punishable crimes in the field of economics, regardless of the amount of generated cash flow. In this case, the parameter for evaluating the «falsified» component of the shadow economy is the value of the total cash flow, which is formed as a result of the implementation of the economic crimes in question, determined by both the "cash method" and the «accrual method».
Conical shell flutter
Authors:   Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Algazin S. D. , Sinitsyn A. A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: February 2025

The article examines the flutter behavior of finite-length conical shells. Conical shells are widely used as components in aviation engineering, making the analysis of their oscillations essential for ensuring safety and stability. The paper presents a modern non-saturation numerical algorithm and derives an approximate formula for the critical flutter speed of a conical shell, enabling the avoidance of complex calculations in practical studies of rocket engine nozzles. Specific calculations are provided for four materials: titanium, steel, aluminum, and duralumin, demonstrating the method’s high efficiency. A general interpolation formula is developed, which satisfies the boundary conditions at the free edge.
Ruta para la autoevaluación en instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Hernández Losada Diego Fernando , Duque Sandoval Óscar , Velasco Osorio Lorena del Pilar , Arango Delgado Roberto , Vargas Salazar Ana Isabel , Gallego Trujillo Germán Alberto , Cardona Quiroz Jesús David , Flórez López Jesús Alfonso , Peñafort Camacho Leonor Cristina , Muñoz Díaz Ana Milena , Valero Halaby Claudia Alejandra , Jiménez Rivas Nelson Mauricio , García Sandoval Claudia Ximena , Panteves Ospina Luisa Fernanda
Published: February 2025

El presente documento responde a los requisitos del Consejo
Nacional de Acreditación (CNA) para evaluar de manera rigurosa el desempeño de
nuestra institución frente a los lineamientos establecidos para la acreditación
institucional de alta calidad. Este proceso, liderado por un equipo
interdisciplinario y construido con la participación activa de profesores,
estudiantes, egresados, personal administrativo y aliados estratégicos, tiene
como propósito fundamental reconocer nuestras fortalezas, identificar áreas de
mejora y proyectar estrategias de sostenibilidad y desarrollo institucional.
ALÉM DO ESTETOSCÓPIO: O MÉDICO COMO GESTOR DE SAÚDE E LÍDER HOSPITALAR
Authors: Marques José Carlos Costa
Published: February 2025

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L'atassia cerebellare acuta
Authors: Iacono Anna , Forte Francesco , Magno Carlotta , Stella Alice , Fichera Federica , Cassata Nicola
Published: February 2025

Acute cerebellar ataxia is a rare but well-described paediatric condition, often post-infectious. The paper reports the case of a 4-year-old boy with sudden onset of tremors, ataxia, speech disturbances, and urinary incontinence. Laboratory tests, neuroimaging and electromyography showed no significant abnormalities. A diagnosis of exclusion led to acute post-infectious cerebellar ataxia, managed with supportive therapy. The course was favourable, with spontaneous improvement. This case highlights the importance of differential diagnosis to rule out more severe neurological conditions.
Gender Disparity in Lipid Testing Among Over 0.5 Million Adults from Pakistan: Females are Tested Much Later Despite Higher LDL-Cholesterol Levels
Authors: Nawaz Amjad , Khan Madeeha , Ain Quratul , Amjad Muhammad , Sikonja Jaka , Batool Hijab , Khan Mohammad Iqbal , Groselj Urh , Sadiq Fouzia
Published: February 2025

Background and aims: Dyslipidemia is the major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD); therefore, its early diagnosis and treatment is necessary. While previous studies in Pakistan focused on general lipid profiles, investigations into gender disparities in lipid testing remain scarce. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the gender disparity in lipid testing and lipid levels among the adult Pakistani population.
Methods: The lipid profile data was obtained from a tertiary care hospital and a diagnostic laboratory with centers across Pakistan. Dyslipidemia was defined based on the criteria provided by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines. Gender-based differences in lipid levels were analysed by copula decomposition, breaking down dyslipidemia differences into composition and structure effects.
Results: A total of 577,489 adults were included in this study. The highest number of tests (n = 86,709, 14.6%) were conducted in individuals aged between 50 to 54 years. Greater number of males (n = 203,415, 64.3%) were tested before the age of 50 years compared to females (n = 113,030, 35.7%). Conversely, after the age of 50 years, number of tests increased notably among females (n = 137,541, 52.7%) compared to males (n = 123,503, 47.3%; p < 0.001). For all comparisons, significant differences were observed for low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels between males and females (p < 0.001), where average levels of LDL-C, TC and HDL-C were higher in females while average TG levels were higher in males.
Conclusion: This study highlights the gender disparity in lipid testing in Pakistan, where females undergo lipid testing later in life, despite higher lipid levels compared to males.
Conhecendo os sujeitos da EJA
Authors: Rodrigues Abraão Carneiro do Carmo , Sampaio Tiago Santos
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar, por meio de relato de experiência, uma dinâmica de aproximação e diálogo realizada nos primeiros encontros do ano letivo de 2023 em duas turmas da etapa VII da EJA, em uma escola estadual da cidade de Salvador, Bahia. A intervenção consistiu em uma atividade dialógica sistematizada que permitiu aos estudantes compartilharem aspectos concretos das suas condições de vida. Durante a sua realização, os estudantes expuseram desafios relacionados ao trabalho, apresentaram sua dinâmica familiar e expectativas sobre a escola, além de expressarem os impactos que tais aspectos possuem sobre a sua permanência e êxito na escola. Esses resultados são discutidos, neste relato, à luz do seguinte referencial teórico: Arroyo (2011); Gadotti (2011); Paula e Oliveira (2011); Freire (1996; 2021) e Rogers (2009). A ação realizada não só nos apresentou a realidade concreta dos participantes, marcada por desafios e potencialidades, como deu subsídios à reflexão de ações pedagógicas com vistas à emancipação dos sujeitos.
Deixa eu brincar! A busca por superar os desafios enfrentados na alfabetização pós-pandemia
Authors: Reis Cristiane Medianeira da Silva , Pasinato Darciel , Silva Fabiana Regina da
Published: February 2025

Este artigo aborda as vivências, os desafios e as reinvenções do professor-pesquisador na volta às aulas presenciais, após dois anos de pandemia de Covid-19. Diante das dificuldades de aprendizagem e do uso da ludicidade nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, sob uma ótica qualitativa, investiga-se e observa-se, a partir da pesquisa-ação, a seguinte problemática: como é possível alavancar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental com auxílio da ludicidade? Os objetivos deste estudo são apresentar alguns aspectos sobre ludicidade na transição da Educação Infantil para os Anos Iniciais, bem como relatar algumas vivências na retomada das aulas presenciais, refletindo sobre a teoria e a prática da relação entre o brincar e a alfabetização. Os resultados indicam que o professor, além de ser brincante e reflexivo em sua prática diária, deve estar em constante processo de atualização de seus aportes teóricos. Além disso, os achados evidenciam que diálogo e respeito com o tempo do outro e com as diversidades e adversidades são aspectos fundamentais para a transição entre a Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais. Nesse cenário de transição, o lúdico constitui um dos principais aliados no ciclo da alfabetização dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.
Coronelismo no Rio Grande do Sul:
Authors: Ritzel Rita de Cassia
Published: February 2025

O coronelismo foi um sistema político que teceu as relações de poder no período da República Velha (1889-1930), assim o presente artigo discute questões intrínsecas ao coronelismo. Para isso, tivemos como objetivos: identificar o surgimento do coronelismo no Brasil e sua relação com a propriedade da terra; compreender e caracterizar o coronelismo no Rio Grande do Sul e analisar a atuação de um coronel no Planalto Médio. Para contemplar os objetivos realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica buscando autores estudiosos da temática, como Victor Nunes Leal, Loiva Félix e Isléia Streit. Também analisamos o processo de Ação Cível e Crime Juízo Distrital de Cruz Alta  Divisão de medição de terras como fonte primária, para auxiliar na compreensão da relação da propriedade da terra com o coronelismo no Rio Grande do Sul. Dentre as conclusões se aponta a existência do coronelismo em territórios sulinos, porém com especificidades diferentes dos demais estados do Brasil e ainda a imponente presença, no período em questão, do coronel Victor Dumoncel Filho na região do Planalto Médio.
O ensino da história como possibilidade potencializadora do pensamento crítico-reflexivo
Authors: Schütz Jenerton Arlan , Junior Edinaldo Enoque da Silva
Published: February 2025

Este artigo investiga a interseção entre o ensino da história e o pensamento crítico-reflexivo, destacando sua importância na formação educacional. À luz de revisão bibliográfica exploramos as bases teóricas dessa conexão, delineando estratégias e metodologias que promovem o desenvolvimento cognitivo e analítico dos alunos. A revisão crítica da literatura não apenas valida essa abordagem, mas também identifica desafios, como resistências institucionais e limitações curriculares, oportunidades para inovação pedagógica. Os impactos positivos sobre o desenvolvimento acadêmico e a formação cidadã reforçam a necessidade de repensar os métodos de ensino da história. Ao capacitar os alunos para analisar criticamente eventos passados, não apenas compreendemos o presente, mas fomentamos uma sociedade mais reflexiva e participativa. Ademais, a interseção entre o ensino da história e o pensamento crítico-reflexivo transcende o âmbito acadêmico, sendo uma convocação para transformar a educação em um catalisador do pensamento crítico, moldando assim um futuro mais esclarecido e reflexivo. A integração desses princípios não é apenas um imperativo pedagógico, mas uma responsabilidade coletiva de educadores, pesquisadores e formuladores de políticas para forjar uma sociedade mais informada e preparada para os desafios do século XXI.
Antioxidant Potential, Antibacterial and Nutritional Evaluation of Lamellidens Marginalis
Authors: N Jeba Shiny , S Baskarasanjeevi
Published: February 2025

In recent years, preventing undernutrition has become a major concern for India's economic growth planners. Free radicals result from diverse metabolic processes, and their overproduction is associated with numerous diseases. Thus, neutralization of excess free radicals is essential. As an inexpensive source of protein, the meat of the Indian aquatic mussel, Lamellidens marginalis, represents a byproduct of pearl farming. Lamellidens marginalis exhibits a high concentration of antioxidants, demonstrating an excellent relationship with its decreasing capacity. We investigated the free-radical detoxification capability of different extracts from Lamellidens marginalis using established protocols. Lamellidens marginalis extracts made from methanol, acetone, and hexane were shown to be antioxidants that can get rid of DPPH, hydroxyl, reducing power, superoxide, nitric oxide, and ABTS free radicals in a way that depends on the concentration. Different extracts of Lamellidens marginalis effectively got rid of different types of free radicals and could help treat diseases that are caused by free radicals. Proximate evaluations indicated that mussel meat comprises a moderate level of protein (38.02±0.23%), carbohydrates (41.04±0.76%), and reducing sugars (3.98±0.04%), while exhibiting a lower fat content (1.09±0.26%). In conclusion, Lamellidens marginalis serves as a valuable nutritional source and exhibits significant natural antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
Ponte ou barreira: como a legenda para surdos e ensurdecidos pode dificultar a acessibilidade para pessoas com surdez
Authors: Moura Flávia de Almeida , Silva Samia Cristina Martins , Santos Protasio Cezar dos
Published: February 2025

É obrigatória, no Brasil, a veiculação de legenda para surdos e ensurdecidos (LSE) na programação das empresas prestadoras de serviço de radiodifusão de sons e imagens (Brasil, 2006) como recurso de acessibilidade para pessoas surdas. Entretanto, este recurso apresenta barreiras na comunicação (Wersig, 1977) causadas pela escolha da língua e estrutura do texto. Neste artigo, além da discussão sobre essa problemática, é proposta alternativa (Silva, 2023) para essa questão.
Aplicação de biorregulador em diferentes estádios fenológicos na cultura da soja
Authors: Rezende Lucca Silva , Benett Cleiton Gredson Sabin , Arruda Natália , Morais Yago César Rodrigues , Campos Alex Oliveira , Oliveira Lyvia Nunes Arantes de , Araujo Matheus da Silva , Benett Katiane Santiago Silva
Published: February 2025

O Brasil vem se destacando como o maior produtor de grãos, entre eles se destacam a cultura da soja, uma leguminosa rica em proteínas e lipídeos é ótima para produção animal. Várias tecnologias para uma produção sustentável estão sendo aplicadas, desde a produção no sistema de plantio direto e a utilização de bioinsumos, como os biorreguladores a base de algas. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o efeito da aplicação de biorregulador em diferentes estádios fenológicos da cultura da soja, no sistema de produção plantio direto. O experimento foi instalado na safra 2022/2023 na área experimental da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Unidade Universitária de Ipameri, Câmpus Sul. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, sendo sete estádios de aplicação (controle sem aplicação, tratamento de semente, sulco de plantio, estádio V3; estádio V6, estádio V9 e estádio R1), com quatro repetições. Realizou-se a aplicação do biorregulador de acordo com cada tratamento. Para avaliar o desenvolvimento da cultura e a produtividade foram realizadas diversas variáveis desde índice relativo de clorofila até massa de 100 grãos. Altura de planta, número de vagens por planta e a produtividade houve diferença significativa na época de aplicação do biorregulador, com destaque para o estádio V9. Conclui-se que o biorregulador proporcionou uma melhor arquitetura das plantas de soja, proporcionando incrementos no número de vagens por planta e na produtividade de grãos e a aplicação do biorregulador no estádio V9 proporcionou o maior potencial produtivo da cultura.
The Origin of the Fair Employment Practice Commission
Authors: Zhang Yuyan
Published: February 2025

Since the end of the Civil War, African Americans, although freed from the oppression of slavery and granted the status of freedmen, have never gained full civil rights due to widespread racial segregation. In their pursuit of a better life and better-paying jobs, many African Americans seized the opportunity of World War I to begin the Great Migration, which contributed to the rise of Black political and economic power. During the New Deal era and the early years of World War II, they faced intolerable employment discrimination and racial segregation. Additionally, there was a stark contradiction between the principles of democracy and freedom that the federal government championed during WWI and WWII and the harsh realities faced by African Americans at home. This discrepancy prompted African Americans, to launch a protest march on Washington, D.C., in 1941. At the same time, Nazi Germany exploited the racial discrimination and segregation in the United States to justify its own racial policies and to attack the United States. Under both domestic and international pressure, President Roosevelt established the FEPC to guarantee equal employment rights for Black minorities in national defense. This paper traces the origins of the FEPC and examines how African Americans struggled for racial equality.
Design and Research of Multifunctional Equipment Based on the Conversion and Utilization of Tap Water Kinetic Energy
Authors: Liu Chenkai , Gao Sheng , Liu Junchi , Huang Bingkun , Yang Yulin , Zhou Zihang
Published: February 2025

This article constructs a micro hydroelectric power storage device, which mainly consists of a micro water turbine unit, a voltage regulator, and a power storage unit. The micro water turbine unit is located inside the municipal water supply pipeline and uses the hydrodynamic force flowing in the pipeline to drive power generation. The generated electrical energy is first transmitted to the voltage regulator for stable processing, and then transmitted to the energy storage unit for storage, ultimately achieving the process of converting the water flow energy in the tap water pipeline into electrical energy. This product innovatively proposes to improve the traditional open water bucket turbine into a miniature closed water bucket impact turbine. Secondly, the product transforms large hydroelectric power plants into micro applications for embedded high-pressure water flow impact turbines in pipelines. Finally, this study innovatively investigates the feasibility of using micro bucket turbines for power generation in high-pressure water pipes, providing reference for the future development of residual pressure power generation technology.
IMPACT OF PERSONALITY TRAITS, COPING STRATEGIES, AND SOCIAL SUPPORT IN REHABILITATION OF SEVERE BURN PATIENTS
Authors: PARVEEN R , NISA QU , ANEES T , DILDAR N
Published: February 2025

Severe burn injuries pose significant physical, psychological, and social challenges for survivors, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. Personality traits, coping strategies, and social support are critical factors influencing rehabilitation outcomes, yet limited research has been conducted on their impact in the Pakistani context. Objective: To evaluate the role of personality traits, coping strategies, and social support in determining rehabilitation outcomes among severe burn patients in Pakistan. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Burn Care Unit of Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Sixty severe burn patients aged 18–60 years were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews and validated tools, including the Big Five Personality Inventory, Brief COPE questionnaire, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Rehabilitation outcomes were assessed using physical, psychological, and social reintegration metrics. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, with descriptive and inferential statistics applied. Results: Resilient personality traits, such as emotional stability and optimism, were associated with positive rehabilitation outcomes in 80% of participants, while neuroticism correlated with poorer outcomes in 75% of cases. Problem-focused coping was reported as the most effective strategy by 83.3% of participants, whereas avoidance coping was linked to poor progress in 16.7%. Social support, particularly from family members (83.3%), significantly enhanced rehabilitation outcomes. However, societal stigma and limited access to rehabilitation services were identified as key barriers to recovery. Conclusion: Personality traits, adaptive coping strategies, and social support are pivotal in improving rehabilitation outcomes for severe burn patients in Pakistan. Addressing societal stigma and expanding access to comprehensive rehabilitation services are essential for enhancing recovery and quality of life. These findings provide valuable insights for developing culturally relevant, evidence-based interventions to support burn survivors.
Upaya Pemerintah Penajam Paser Utara Dalam Pembangunan Smart City
Authors: Miswar Miswar , Saleh Muhammad Hairul
Published: February 2025

This research discusses the efforts of the Penajam Paser Utara Government through the Communication and Information Service in the development of a smart city. Departing from the potential, advantages and capabilities of the region, Penajam Paser Utara is one of the regions that will develop its region into a smart city with the concepts of smart governance, smart branding, smart economy, smart living, smart society, and smart environment. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data sources obtained from literature studies, observations and interviews. The results of this study show that the North Penajam Paser Government is one of the regions that will build a smart city through the preparation of a master plan and KLHS by referring to the 2024 Work Plan. Smart city in Penajam Paser Utara will build a city concept that can be integrated with a touch of technology to be ready to become a smart city supported by the capabilities and potential of the region.
Opening Governance: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Effect of E-Government Index on the Regulation of Quality on the Australian continent
Authors: Anggita Irva , Listiani Endang Indri , Ahdarrijal Yujitia
Published: February 2025

This research explores the relationship between the E-Government Development Index (EGDI) and the Quality of Government Regulation in Australian states. This study uses a quantitative approach with exposure to literature studies through Scopus and analyzes primary and secondary data. This research produced Online Service Index (OSI) p-values (0.388), E-Participation Index (EPI) p-values (0.764), Human Capital Index (HCI) p-values (0.000), and Telecommunication Infrastructure Index (TII) p-values (0.000) as predictors of Regulatory Quality (RQ). The use of the Smart PLS version 3 method and reliability and validity tests demonstrate the reliability of the proposed model. Statistical analysis yielded interesting results: EPI and OSI had no significant effect on RQ, while HCI and TII had a positive and significant relationship. These results provide insight into the factors influencing Regulatory Quality in the context of E-Government in Australia, supporting policy development to improve the efficiency and quality of public services. The research also contributes to an understanding of the impact of EGDI on governance and regulation at the state level.
Prototype of the English Verb Stand：A Mental Representation of Chinese Learners
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Ciriaco Corazon D.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents two experiments investigating the prototype of the English verb stand for native Chinese learners of English. Using the criteria of ease of elicitation and the magnet effect of prototypes, the study employed a sentence generation task and a sentence sorting task. In the sentence generation task, subjects were asked to produce ten sentences using the verb stand. In the sentence sorting task, a separate group of subjects were asked to sort the sentences into groups based on the meanings of stand. The results indicate that the senses “be upright or on one’s feet” and “get up onto one’s feet from another position” serve as prototypes of the verb stand for native Chinese learners of English. The findings highlight the multi-faceted nature of prototypes, suggest a reliable methodology for its investigation, and reveal how exposure to a specific sense influences prototypes among L2 learners.
Addressing Food Security and Nutritional Challenges: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Health Administration Strategies for Vulnerable Communities in South Asia
Authors: Aslam Aroob , Zameer Zulekha
Published: February 2025

South Asia having problems with food deficiency and malnutrition, which are made more problematic by ongoing poverty, fast increase in population, environmental loss, and unstable sociopolitical circumstances. This systematic approach analyzes how good is the health administration techniques that increased food security and nutritional benefits for the region's most disadvantaged inhabitants work. It evaluated a lot of health policies and initiatives that have been seen in South Asian nations, such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Material from 2013 to 2023 was included in the review, which was occurred by employing a comprehensive search plan across seven electronic databases. Studies that were relevant to South Asian countries were given favoritism when selecting the studies, which focused on peer-reviewed publications that evaluated health policies and treatments related to food security and malnutrition. Thirteen studies in all were included following accurate screening program and a quality evaluation utilizing PRISMA guidelines. The study summarized research on women's empowerment plan, integrated resource management, agricultural interventions, and direct food assistance. It highlighted both effective strategies and areas in need of development, providing evidence-based suggestions for program optimization and policy improvements. The final objective was to develop practical insights that help improve food security, strengthen health administration procedures, and boost nutritional values for the most vulnerable communities in the region.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices on conjunctivitis among outpatients at Hung Vuong general Hospital in 2024
Authors: Tran Thanh Hoa , Nguyen Van Duy , Nguyen Van Giang
Published: February 2025

Objective: Describe patients’ knowledge, attitudes and practices on conjunctivitis among outpatients at Hung Vuong General Hospital in 2024 and related factors.
Participants and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 203 patients at Hung Vuong General Hospital from June to August 2024. The instrument was a structured interview questionnaire consisting of four parts: Part I: Demographic characteristics. Part II: Knowledge about conjunctivitis. Part III: Attitudes about conjunctivitis. Part IV: Conjunctivitis practice. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, were used, and the relationship between variables was tested using the Chi-Square test, with a p-value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The study found high levels of knowledge about conjunctivitis, with 83.3% of participants aware of its causes and 88.7% understanding its definition. However, knowledge about disease prevention was low, with only 17.7% of participants demonstrating adequate understanding. A majority of participants (74.4%) had positive attitudes toward the disease, viewing it as manageable, while 94.1% were aware of the importance of preventing complications. Over 80% demonstrated proper practices regarding medication use and eye hygiene. Significant associations were found between KAP and factors such as gender, place of residence, age, and occupation.
Conclusion: The study found satisfactory levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding conjunctivitis among patients. However, there is a need for comprehensive health education programs to address the limited understanding of preventive measures and to reduce the risk of disease and vision loss. Targeted educational interventions and public health communication strategies are essential to improve patient awareness and treatment outcomes across all healthcare levels. Health education programs should focus on rural populations, male participants, and younger individuals to improve KAP and reduce the burden of conjunctivitis.
Development of MitoWizz: a Bioinformatics Solution for Mitochondrial DNA Analysis in Both Forensic and Clinical Applications
Authors: Handzic Nejira , Pecar Dino , Durgut Selma , Salihefendic Lana , Konjhodzic Rijad
Published: February 2025

Background: MitoWizz is an advanced bioinformatics tool designed for the analysis of the human mitochondrial genome, offering precise and efficient data interpretation. It enables comparisons of sequencing results obtained from various instrumental methods with the reference Andersen genome (rCRS), aiding in the identification of alterations. This capability is particularly valuable in forensic and clinical mitochondrial DNA analysis. Objective: The primary goal of developing MitoWizz is to automate and streamline mitochondrial DNA analysis, providing researchers and forensic experts with a fast, reliable, and comprehensive tool for sequence comparison, variation detection, and data validation. Methods: MitoWizz compares query sequences in opposed to the reference genome and allows direct comparison of two sequences to identify genetic variations. To ensure accuracy, the results are validated through the Clustal Omega W by aligning sequences with the human mitochondrial DNA reference from GenBank (NC_012920.1). Results: The software detected genetic variations and generated a visual report, as demonstrated in an analysis where 11 mutations were identified in various genes, with an 88% sequence identity to the reference genome. The accuracy of the detected alterations was further validated using the Omega Clustal W program. Conclusion: MitoWizz significantly reduces analysis time and enhances result reliability by integrating multiple analytical steps into a single platform. By automating mtDNA comparisons and validation, it provides forensic and research laboratories with a high-throughput, efficient solution for precise mitochondrial genome analysis.
LLM-Enhanced XGBoost-Driven Fraud Detection and Classification Framework
Authors: Li Chao , Rao Jiarui , Zhang Qian
Published: February 2025

In this research, the fraud detection model was trained using Matlab R2022a, with the dataset being randomly split into training and testing sets at a 7:3 ratio. Specifically, 70% of the data was allocated for training purposes, while the remaining 30% was used for testing. Upon incorporating the XGBoost model, the confusion matrix analysis indicated that a total of 6,326,133 instances were accurately predicted, with only 36,487 instances misclassified in the test set. This translates to an outstanding model performance, achieving a prediction accuracy of 99%. This demonstrates that the model exhibits robust performance and reliability in detecting fraudulent activities. Through this study, we have not only enhanced our capacity to identify diverse types of fraud but also provided valuable insights for future optimization of fraud detection techniques. The findings hold significant importance for safeguarding personal and organizational financial security and will contribute positively to the development of a more secure and reliable financial and network ecosystem.