bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGRAMA TESOURO VERDE
Authors: Arruda Gerardo Clésio Maia , Garcez Filho José Evandro da Costa
Published: August 2023

Explicita-se neste artigo o Programa Tesouro Verde, adotado no estado do Amapá, que busca proporcionar geração de trabalho e renda e, paralelamente, preservar florestas e restabelecer o equilíbrio de ecossistemas impactados pela exploração econômica. Objetiva-se verificar, à luz da pauta ambiental, globalmente elaborada a partir de meados do século XX, a efetividade desta ação estatal para o desenvolvimento sustentável na região amazônica, assim contemplando as dimensões econômica, social e ambiental. O estudo apoiou-se numa abordagem metodológica histórico-estrutural, que privilegiou o campo econômico e o jurídico-político, alicerçando-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de sorte a construir um encadeamento lógico das regulações orientadoras das políticas públicas implementadas anteriormente e as que substanciaram o Programa Tesouro Verde. Conclui-se que, em relação à política de mercado de carbono, o programa demonstra avanços, principalmente no que concerne à continuidade de ações propositivas executadas pelos agentes envolvidos, mas pode ainda agregar ações estatais, atualmente propugnados no meio técnico-científico, como efetivas para o desenvolvimento sustentável.
Расчет структуры и инфракрасных спектров поглощения водородно связанных комплексов метилформиата с фтористым водородом
Authors: Булычев В.П. , Бутурлимова М.В.
Published: August 2023

Equilibrium nuclear configurations of three dimers formed by the most stable conformer of a methyl formate molecule with a hydrogen fluoride molecule are calculated using the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ quantum–chemical method and taking the basis set superposition error into account. The frequencies and intensities for the IR absorption bands of dimers are determined both in the harmonic and anharmonic approximations with the use of the second-order perturbation theory. The calculation method was tested in a calculation of the spectrum of an isolated methyl formate molecule and by comparison with experimental data. The changes in the geometrical parameters of monomers and the charges on atoms under the action of hydrogen bonds were analyzed. The shifts of vibrational frequencies of the monomers upon formation of dimers were calculated. The strongest absorption bands of dimers that can be used in detection of these complexes in spectroscopic experiments were determined.
Изменение вероятности оптических переходов в ионе Yb-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- при магнитных фазовых переходах в мультиферроике Cu-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-Yb(SeO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Cl
Authors: Климин С.А. , Кузнецова Е.С. , Бердоносов П.С.
Published: August 2023

The infrared transmission spectra of Cu3Yb(SeO3)2O2Cl, an ytterbium analogue of the natural mineral francisite, have been studied in a wide temperature range. Two phase transitions (at TN = 35 K and TR = 9 K) were registered by studying the splittings of Yb3+ Kramers doublets. It is shown that the low-temperature transition is spin-reorientational one. An analysis within the framework of the mean field theory allows us to conclude that the single-ion magnetic anisotropy of ytterbium does not coincide with the anisotropy of the copper magnetic subsystem. An estimate of the energy required for the reorientation of the copper magnetic subsystem has been obtained, it is 864 Jmol-1. It was found that the probability of a 0-0 transition in the Yb3+ ion changes in the temperature range of both phase transitions, presumably due to spontaneous magnetostriction.
Определение концентрации электронов проводимости в монокриcталлических образцах n-GaSb по спектрам отражения в дальней инфракрасной области при T=295 K
Authors: Белов А.Г. , Молодцова Е.В. , Кормилицина С.С. , Козлов Р.Ю. , Журавлев Е.О. , Климин С.А. , Новикова Н.Н. , Яковлев В.А.
Published: August 2023

A method is proposed for separately determining the concentrations of "light" and "heavy" electrons in n-GaSb. It is based on the analysis of reflection spectra in the far infrared region, taking into account the plasmon-phonon coupling. Calibration curves have been calculated that allow one to determine the concentrations of "light" and "heavy" electrons in GaSb using the frequency of high-energy coupled plasmon-phonon mode.
For a series of n-GaSb samples the reflection spectra were measured and the concentrations of "light" and "heavy" electrons were determined at room temperature. Electrophysical Van der Paw measurements have been performed on the same samples at room temperature. By comparing the optical and Hall data, the ratios of the mobilities of "light" and "heavy" electrons (parameter b) were determined. This method of determining the value of the parameter b is used for the first time.
Changing the Parameters of MIS Structures with REE Compounds under Conditions of High Humidity
Authors: Shalimova M.B.  , Belyanina I.V.
Published: August 2023

The properties of MIS structures with yttrium, neodymium, samarium fluorides on germanium, neodymium and samarium fluorides on n and p silicon substrates, as well as Al-Y2O3-nSi, Al-Y2O3-pSi structures under conditions of high ambient humidity were studied. Additionally, the structures were exposed to an electric field of ~0.5-4 MV/cm. For MIS structures with films of yttrium, neodymium, and samarium fluoride on germanium, as well as neodymium and samarium fluoride on n and p silicon substrates, a clear increase in the maximum specific capacitance with increasing relative humidity of the medium is observed. It has been found that the incorporation of water into the structure of the REE film fluorides studied in this work is sorption and does not cause irreversible changes in the dielectric film at the studied temperatures. Keywords: MIS structure, silicon, germanium, density of surface states, humidity.
Metal assisted chemical etching of silicon and solution synthesis of Cu-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O/Si radial nanowire array heterojunctions
Authors: Chetibi  L.  , Hamana  D.  , Achour S.
Published: August 2023

Cu2O/Si radial nanowire (NWs) array heterojunctions were prepared by depositing Cu2O nanoparticles via chemical bath deposition on n-Si nanowire arrays that were fabricated by metal-assisted electroless etching. After 20 cycles of deposition, large numbers of Cu2O nanoparticles with form shells that wrap the upper segment of each Si nanowire. This method of etching offers exceptional simplicity, flexibility, environmental friendliness, and scalability for the fabrication of three-dimensional silicon nanostructures with considerable depths, because of replacement of harsh oxidants such as H2O2 and AgNO3. Keywords: Cu2O/Si NWs heterojunctions, Cu2O nanoparticles, metal-assisted electroless etching.
Effect of Pandemics on the Psychological Well-Being of University Students; A Case of Covid-19 on A Sample of Kampala International University Students in Uganda
Authors: Saddam Ngambirwoha
Published: August 2023

The study was set out to examine the effect of pandemics on the psychological well-being of university students; a case of covid-19 on a sample of Kampala International University students in Uganda. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of Kampala International University students in Uganda.The study design comprised a combination of descriptive research designs and both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed. A sample size of 50 was used. Data was collected using self-administer questionnaires, interviews, and a review of related literature.The study findings revealed, 5(10%) of the respondents strongly disagreed, 3(6%) disagreed, another proportion of the respondents 17(34%) agreed and the majority of the respondents 25(50%) strongly agreed that students completely get absorbed in whatever they’re doing. This information implied that engagement is about being completely absorbed by present work. When we are occupied in particular activities that play to our strengths, we can feel a state called flow. When we are in flow, we reach our peak and we feel less anxious this was key to maintaining a balanced psychological state during the covid-19 era. According to the study findings, 9(18%) strongly disagreed, 12(24%) disagreed, 4(8%) were not sure, 16(32%) agreed and the rest of the respondents 9(18) strongly agreed with the statement that positive relationships are a crucial part of our sense of wellbeing and happiness during lockdown. Those people who maintain strong and positive relationships are generally happier in life. 20(57.3%) of the participants were in agreement that students enforced to stay home for longer periods resulted in psychological distress 11(31.3%) were in disagreement and 4(11.4%) remained neutral. Therefore, staying home for a long period of time during the COVID-19 lockdown exacerbated psychological distress among university students such as stress, loneliness, anxiety, fear, depression, panic, and so on The study concluded that the prevalence of COVID-19 risk perception among students on the Kampala International University campus is high, which positively translated into higher levels of compliance with COVID-19 protocols deployed on the various Kampala International University campuses.The study recommends that comprehensive psychological support programs should be developed collaboratively in providing services to reduce psychological distress following the crisis and improve coping skills. A better understanding of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on university students could contribute to design more effective interventions that improve mental health in this population.
Determination of Consumer Color and Discoloration Thresholds for Purchase of Representative Retail Ground Beef
Authors: Lybarger Katie R. , Beyer Erin S. , Farmer Kaylee J. , Egger Lane A. , Drey Lindsey N. , Hunt Melvin C. , Vipham Jessie L. , Zumbaugh Morgan D. , Chao Michael D. , O'Quinn Travis G.
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to identify the threshold for color and discoloration for consumers to purchase ground beef and to determine the best objective measurement to predict consumer purchase intent. This study was designed in 2 phases, with Phase 1 requiring consumers to evaluate ground beef samples of multiple days of display simultaneously, and Phase 2 having consumers evaluate samples of only a single day of display. Ground beef packages (80% lean) were evaluated for overall appearance liking and purchase intent (yes/no) by consumers (n=216 and 318). Additionally, packages were evaluated for L*, a*, b*, calculated percentage of metmyoglobin, oxymyoglobin, chroma, hue angle, and trained sensory panel redness and discoloration scores. Models showed that each of the objective measures evaluated were predictors (P<0.05) of consumer purchasing intent. All logistic regression equations (P<0.01) had high R2 values of 0.48 to 0.86 (Phase 1) and 0.26 to 0.65 (Phase 2) and correctly classified 78.1% to 90.1% (Phase 1) and 70.5% to 84.0% (Phase 2) of samples as would/would not purchase. Linear regression equations predicting consumer overall appearance ratings with objective measures also resulted in significant (P<0.01) models, with R2 values of 0.57 to 0.93 and 0.35 to 0.54. The a* values of 21.6, 24.6, 28.3, and 30.5 (Phase 1) and 20.7, 26.2, 31.7, and 35.4 (Phase 2) correspond with consumers being 50%, 75%, 90%, and 95% likely to purchase the product at full price. However, if the product was discounted, the a* values were reduced to 17.9, 21.4, 25.0, and 27.4 (Phase 1) and 17.7, 22.7, 27.7, and 31.1 (Phase 2). The models generated from this study provide the ability to predict consumer willingness to purchase ground beef and provide ground beef processors an indication of potential consumer purchasing behaviors based upon objective values that are easy to measure.
La biblioterapia como herramienta en el desarrollo de la resiliencia en los adultos mayores
Authors: Espino Rivera Rocío , Rivera Espino Mary Carmen
Published: August 2023

La biblioterapia como disciplina ofrece múltiples posibilidades, una de ellas es la adquisición y fortalecimiento de las habilidades sociales. En este trabajo se propone a la biblioterapia como una herramienta en el desarrollo de la resiliencia en los adultos mayores, tomándose en consideración las características propias de esta etapa de la vida. Se da un vistazo general al concepto, tipología y metodología de aplicación, además de exponer abordajes para atender las necesidades específicas de los adultos mayores (AM).
Cambios en la evaluación en la Facultad de Medicina: sistema Integral de Aplicación de Exámenes
Authors: Calderón Albor Javier
Published: August 2023

Paper-based testing has been the traditional model for decades in educational institutions. However, in recent years, there has been a gradual shift towards online testing, with greater adaptation to the use of digital tolos to administer exams. This change has the potential to transform the assessment process in higher education. The Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) has experienced a remarkable evolution over time in educational assessment. The transition to electronic testing has allowed for greater efficiency in the application and grading of exams, with an increase in security and quality, and in a complementary way, provides students and professors with effective feedback.
Keywords: Evaluation; test application system; digital tools; computer-based tests; feedback.
Libros de texto para el éxito académico: el Programa Institucional de la Facultad de Medicina
Authors: Flores Macías David
Published: August 2023

This article describes the process for the publication of textbooks created expressly specifically for the degree of general practitioner of the Faculty of Medicine (FacMed) of the UNAM. This program was created in 2016 as an initiative of Dr. Fajardo Dolci, with the objective of promoting an editorial program for the elaboration of books of the academic programs of the FacMed. It includes the chronology of publications on: El razonamiento clínico en la era de la medicina digital, Informática biomédica II, La medicina en la historia, Competencias digitales básicas para el médico general, Informática biomédica I, Morfología humana, El aprendizaje de la farmacología a través de ejercicios (Clinical Reasoning in the era of Digital Medicine, Biomedical Informatics II, Medicine in History, Basic Digital Skills for the General Practitioner, Biomedical Informatics I, Human Morphology and Learning Pharmacology through Exercises). The situation of the delivery of copies and the fund for student scholarships is globally contained; the access, use and sale of the works of said program; as well as the projects that are in transit with an upcoming appearance.
Keywords: Textbooks; electronic books; educational innovation; didactic resources; higher education
La biblioteca médica digital: un recurso para la formación continua y la actualización profesional
Authors: Martínez Del Prado Alejandra
Published: August 2023

This article describes the experience of using and subscribing to new electronic resources from the Digital Medical Library (BMD) of the Faculty of Medicine (FacMed). Its structure and function are explained, as well as the support received by the General Directorate of Libraries and Digital Services. The backgroundof BMD, created in 1998, is presented. In addition, the development and scope of remoteaccess is explained. In 2021, it becomes the main source of information for the FacMed community. It is made up of 5 sections: electronic resources; electronic book platforms; dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference works; bibliography, catalog and electronic books; electronic journals. Since 2020, the bibliography of all the undergraduate study plans in this entity has been updated and reviewed, thus making it possible for it to be used by the undergraduate community in an unprecedented number during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the resources most used by the entire community, the process of evaluation and integration of new resources
are described.
Keywords: Digital library; access; educational resources; digital collections; resource evaluation.
Procesos para la rendición de cuentas en la Facultad de Medicina
Authors: Villalba Espinosa Ignacio
Published: August 2023

The accountability of the Faculty or School of Medicine is the legal obligation related to the information that the management team must make available to the academic community of the institution and society in general, regarding the management of resources and the assurance of the quality of processes and result in learning and academic productivity, in such a way that transparency standards are met. Based on the above, and through the Secretary of Planning and Institutional Development (SPDI), mechanisms for accountability are designed, implemented, and evaluated.
The following accountability processes and mechanisms are carried out: Self-evaluation process for the Accreditation of the Bachelor’s Degree in Medicine and Surgery before the Mexican Council for the Accreditation of Medical Education (COMAEM A.C.); Reporting and participation in the publication of rankings (newspapers El Universal and Reforma); Annual Report of the Faculty of Medicine;
Four-year Activities Report of the Scholl of Medicine; Matrix of Results Indicators (MIR); UNAM Memory. The School has the responsibility to be a reference both nationally and internationally and is committed to its pioneering role by disseminating this type of actions, as it encourages other higher education institutions to adopt accountability processes that they consider most suitable to their context.
Keywords: Accountability; transparency; medical education; accreditation; UNAM.
Unwavering Mathematical Equation Deciphering from the Paperwork Imagery
Authors: Sreerambabu Dr. J. , Santhosh Mr. N. , Rajkumar Mr. D. , Nevedha Ms. V. N.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The paper proposes a new approach for identifying equations in document images, with an emphasis on handwritten equations. The proposed strategy makes use of Python-based machine learning algorithms, and for the user interface, HTML, CSS, and JS. The document image is transformed into a machine-readable format during the pre-processing stage utilizing optical character recognition (OCR). Then, image-improving methods like smoothing, thresholding, and morphological procedures are used. A deep neural network architecture is used to accurately identify math expressions in the pre-processed photos. Convolutional and recurrent layers make up this layout, which was developed utilizing machine learning techniques
Soil Sensors as a Service: Low-Cost Soil Diagnostics System using IoT
Authors: . Selsiya
Published: August 2023

Abstract: To ensure healthier crop yields in agriculture, proper management of the existing soil nutrients is crucial. The continuous cultivation of plants negatively impacts soil fertility, causing its decline. Farmers face the time-consuming task of visiting laboratories to test soil fertility. However, a novel optical transducer has been developed for detecting and measuring the presence of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) in the soil. This transducer plays a vital role in determining the appropriate amount of these nutrients to enhance soil fertility, thereby improving soil quality and reducing the unnecessary use of fertilizers. By analyzing the absorption of light for each nutrient, the N, P, and K values of soil samples can be determined. Technological advancements, particularly in the field of agriculture, have paved the way for progress. The proposed framework employs Internet of Things (IoT) technology to identify soil nutrients. Sensors are utilized to measure pH, temperature, moisture, and NPK levels. This data helps farmers assess soil fertility levels before sowing, enabling them to apply the required amount of fertilizers accurately. Consequently, this approach facilitates higher crop yields. IoT, an extensive domain focusing on gathering information through the internet anytime and anywhere, is instrumental in monitoring systems in the absence of human intervention. It employs sensors that prove beneficial even in agricultural applications, enabling farmers to experiment with soil and maintain its fertility
Predictive Analysis to Prevent Fraud and Reduce Risk for Preserved Food Processing Industry
Authors: . Radha
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This paper presents a blockchain-based traceability system for storing and retrieving product information in the agricultural supply chain, aiming to address issues such as centralized management, lack of transparency, untrustworthy data, and fragmented information. By leveraging blockchain technology's decentralized, tamper-proof, and traceable nature, the system enhances the transparency and credibility of traceability information. To alleviate the burden on the blockchain and enable efficient information retrieval, a dual storage structure comprising both an on-chain and off-chain component is employed to store traceability data. Moreover, the combination of blockchain technology and cryptography ensures the secure sharing of private information within the blockchain network. A reputation-based smart contract is devised to incentivize network nodes to contribute traceability data. The system's performance analysis and practical application demonstrate its ability to enhance query efficiency, safeguard private information, ensure data authenticity and reliability in supply chain management, and meet real-world application requirements.
Automated System for Medicinal Plant Classification Usage Recommendation
Authors: . Hemalatha
Published: August 2023

Abstract: We propose the utilization of deep learning to create an automated system for classifying medicinal plants, enabling swift identification of beneficial plant species. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are renowned for their exceptional capabilities in extracting and classifying features. Our proposed model, named "deep learning model," is developed by extracting features and employing a CNN classifier, resulting in high accuracy and minimal prediction time when applied to real-time images. The system consists of three modules: image pre-processing, image feature extraction, and image classification. During the initial pre-processing step, we conduct RGB conversion to extract the green band from input images. In the subsequent step, after pre-processing, we extract features such as shape, color, and texture from the pre-processed image. These features are then utilized to classify the image as either medicinal or a regular leaf. Plants have been utilized as a medicinal resource in Ayurveda since ancient times. The identification of the correct plant is a crucial step in the preparation of Ayurvedic medicine, traditionally carried out manually. However, with the need for mass production, it becomes essential to automate the process of plant identification. In this study, we propose the implementation of a technique that employs a CNN algorithm, along with an ensemble supervised machine learning algorithm that considers color, texture, and geometrical features, for the identification of medicinal plants. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is utilized for classification and determining the plant class
Cloud-based on OTG Lab
Authors: Vigneshwaran  , Sreerambabu  , Kalidasan  , Riyaz Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The laboratory has an important role in a student’s career. It is used for students doing their practical work. It will help to increase their growth and knowledge about programming languages. The aim of this project was to attend lab sessions anywhere and any place. OTG lab reduces the cost of equipment, space, maintains. Furthermore, these labs are helping with distance learning, improving lab accessibility for students, and providing safety. These labs are easily accessible to staff and students via the Internet to perform practical work experimentation. Cloud-based OTG labs allow democratizing access to expensive equipment and allow institution with limited resources to provide their students. Furthermore, cloud-based OTG labs facilitate scalability and flexibility. Multiple users can access the same lab simultaneously, enabling collaboration and fostering interdisciplinary research. This lab allows us to show evaluate the student’s progress and activity.
Public Auditing with Secure Team Management for Shared Data in the Cloud with Maintaining the Confidentiality
Authors: Supriya  , Sreerambabu  , Pailochan Nimmy , Riyaz Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The cloud computing based public auditing data preserving refers to the process of conducting audits on data stored in the cloud to ensure its integrity, authenticity, and confidentiality are maintained. It involves allowing external entities, such as auditors or regulators, to verify the correctness of data without compromising its security. In this paper, we proposed a scheme for shared data that supports privacy, identity traceability and group dynamics. Cloud storage auditing is an extremely important technique for resolving the problem of ensuring the integrity of stored data in cloud storage. This scheme is secure against collusion attacks between CSPs and revoked users. This concept is for public auditing with secure group management. This scheme is useful for the people auditing purpose in this scheme the auditing details the auditor will upload the files to the cloud and the one group management will maintain a detail in the secure management. This group contains Third party auditor one who uploads the auditing details, a Group manager one who manages the group, Group members who work in that group and Cloud Service Provider that is providing the cloud service to the group management and will maintain the data. In this, the security will be provided to the group manager and group members so that the information will be secure before as by OTP process and after the data will be secure through attribute-based encryption of the process
Camera Vision Based Animal Repellent System for Agriculture using Machine Learning
Authors: Sudhakar  , Sreerambabu  , Rajkumar  , Santhosh
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The human-animal conflict of crop raiding has significantly increased due to human encroachment on wildlife habitats and deforestation. Wild animals, such as elephants, wild boar, and deer, pose a substantial threat to agricultural crops and farmers working in the fields, leading to significant crop losses. To address this concern, we present a comprehensive system that combines Computer Vision using Deep Convolution Neural Networks (DCNN) for precise species detection and recognition, along with the emission of species-specific ultrasound for repelling the wild animals. An edge computing device, equipped with a camera, is activated to execute the DCNN software, identifying potential threats.
Fake Face Detection in Identity Cards Using Stegoface
Authors: Sarulatha  , Sreerambabu  , Kalidasan  , Riyaz Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Identification and Machine-Readable Travel Documents (MRTDs) play a crucial role in verifying and validating identities in various situations, such as international travel, civil applications, online commerce, and access to transaction processing systems. These documents incorporate multiple security features aimed at preventing document forgery. However, criminals have shifted their focus to obtaining genuine documents fraudulently and manipulating facial portraits, as the existing security systems are challenging to bypass. To address this issue and mitigate the risks associated with such fraud, it is imperative for governments and ID/MRTD manufacturers to continually enhance and develop security measures. In this context, we present StegoFace, an innovative and efficient steganography method specifically designed for concealing secret messages within facial images found on common IDs and MRTDs. StegoFace employs an end-to-end approach, consisting of an ensemble of n Deep Convolutional Auto Encoders, which encode the secret message into a stegofacial image, and a Deep Convolutional Auto Decoder, capable of extracting the hidden message from the stegofacial image. Notably, our StegoFace approach outperforms the StegaStamp method in terms of perceptual quality, as evidenced by the results of metrics such as Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio, hiding capacity, and imperceptibility on the test dataset.
Awareness on Augmentative Alternative Communication among Special Educators in Kerala
Authors: Jacob Ms. Jiya Annu , Gupta Dr. Vini Abhijith
Published: August 2023

Abstract: AAC system permits individuals with communication disorder to communicate for various purposes. The rewarding part of AAC is the cooperation of professionals, such as speech-language pathologists, special educators, and other professionals, which results in enhancing the child's capacity for learning and communication. The aim of the current study was to investigate awareness in Special Educators regarding AAC for children with Communication Disabilities using a EQuestionnaire was developed in English/ Malayalam language, in Kottayam district, Kerala. The results of the current study revealed that moderate awareness was noticed among 30 special educators who underwent the study. It can be concluded that special educator’s effective knowledge and ongoing training allowed them to work with other professionals including speech language pathologists to improve the language output of children and adults with communication disorders.
Sarcasm Detection in News Headlines: A Comparative Study of Multinomial Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Shetty Aryan , Singh Aditya Rajiv , Shukla Praful , Shetye Aryan
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Sarcasm is frequently used in news, and it is difficult to detect sarcasm in news headlines for humans and let alone computers. Media outlets constantly make use of sarcasm in their news headlines to target certain set of people and to subtly spread misinformation by confusing viewers, who, in turn, tend to spread their misinterpreted news to their contacts. Hence, it is very important to develop a system that can accurately detect sarcasm. This study proposes a unique method for sarcasm detection in news headlines that makes use of the Multinomial Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine classifiers with Bag-of-Words representation. We collected and combined two datasets from Kaggle of labeled headlines for training and evaluation. Using the CountVectorizer, we transformed headlines into numerical vectors capturing word occurrences. Our model yielded great test set accuracies of roughly 87.15%, 89.93%, and 90.6% for Multinomial Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine respectively. The precision, recall, and F1-score demonstrated balanced detection capability, and were also high enough to accurately detect sarcasm. Finally, our study was able to compare the three classifiers and point out each classifier’s strengths and weaknesses, while also suggesting the best classifier for sarcasm detection of news headlines.
Magnets and electric: Improving elementary students’ understanding on the concept of energy and force
Authors: Achmadi Sentot , Rahmandhika Andinusa , Mokhtar Ali , Mayasari Amiirohana , Saifullah Ali
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 has brought a wide impact on the world including education. It comes with the difficulties of conducting the teaching-learning process and achieving the students’ comprehension and understanding of the subjects, especially science. It is worsened by the thematic learning model, where students are required to understand more than one learning concept in one learning sub-theme. The offline teaching, which is scheduled in the first semester of the 2021/2022 academic year is a momentum to reshape the thinking concept of elementary school students. One of the concerns is physics. Physics is very important in the development of student knowledge, because of its continuous application in everyday life. In addition, the use of natural science in secondary schools is wide. Another important point is that students have less ability to understand new knowledge. Therefore, practice is needed to support the learning of theories. Considering this problem, the team of community service of Engineering Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang used magnetic and electric kits to explain the concept of energy and force to students. These topics are difficult for students, and they need to learn them with direct practice. Learning using the physics kits, magnet and electric, made students can understand better the basic concepts of magnetism and electricity. Moreover, students can practice their motoric skills using the kits. Students can also develop their creativity and innovation by varying the experiments with the kits. Lots of practice with magnets and electric kits helped teachers to evaluate students’ ability and absorption of the materials. With this learning media, the learning provided by the teacher can be more interesting and fun for students. Therefore, students can improve their knowledge and skills in understanding concepts and their knowledge of physics.
Eco-enzyme as the natural disinfectant: Increasing school community awareness on waste management
Authors: Suwarsono  , Budiono  , Suprianto Herry , Hadi Khusnul
Published: August 2023

The increase of COVID-19 has influenced aspects of life in global including education. Recently, the Indonesian government has given allowance to schools for conducting offline teaching-learning processes. Preparation should be conducted to maintain the protection of the school environment, including teachers and students. Health protocols remain an important requirement. SD Muhammadiyah 08 Dau Malang was one of the schools that wanted to prepare for conducting the offline teaching-learning process. The preparation of this school was cleaning all the school areas and spraying disinfectant to prevent the contamination of bacteria and viruses. Yet, the principal of SD Muhammadiyah 08 Dau Malang is concerned about the students’ and teachers’ health considering the chemical substance in the disinfectant. Moreover, the cost of disinfectant is also the consideration of the principal for savings. The result of an interview with the principal and observation of the school environment, it needs an alternative disinfectant that contains a less chemical substance, is effective, and is inexpensive. The disinfectant should not cause respiratory infections and is not harmful to students who are children. Concerning the problems faced by SD Muhammadiyah 08 Dau Malang, the team of community service programs brings solutions by introducing eco-enzyme and its advantages for health and the environment. It can be used as a natural disinfectant made of fresh organic waste from the kitchen. It is not only the solution to environmental health and virus protection but also recycling and utilizing waste.
Do marrying later and parenting later affect happiness? Analysis of data from the Chinese General Social Survey
Authors: Wan Chunlin , Gao Xinrui , Zhang Min , Liu Yuyan
Published: August 2023

We investigated whether marrying and parenting later influences people's happiness. Data were sourced from the Chinese General Social Survey 2017, with an average age when marrying of 25.34 years and an average age when becoming a parent of 27.03 years. Analysis showed that, compared
to parenting later, those parenting at a younger age were happier. However, the effect of age at marriage on later happiness was not significant. Further, the effect of parenting age on happiness was greater among men than it was for women, and greater for rural residents compared with urban
residents. Data analysis revealed three main channels through which parenting age affected happiness: First, parenting later increased labor income, but testing revealed that an increase in income led to a decrease in leisure time, and this lowered happiness; second, later parenting reduced
the number of children born to the couple, and happiness was also reduced as the number of children in the family reduced; and third, later parenting reduced the likelihood of having grandchildren at the same time as other people of the same age, and a reduction in happiness was observed for
those without grandchildren.
Análise da assistência prestada na atenção primária e fatores associados na perspectiva de idosos diabéticos
Authors: Carvalho Bárbara Luiza Rodrigues , Boeck Gabriele Avellar , Back Ivi Ribeiro , Santos Aliny de Lima
Published: August 2023

A atenção primária à saúde é fundamental para validar a atenção à saúde de idosos diabéticos, sendo importante sua qualificação por meio de abordagens que evidenciem as perspectivas dos usuários. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se analisar os aspectos associados à satisfação com a assistência prestada no âmbito da atenção primária na perspectiva de idosos com diabetes. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, de corte transversal, realizado com 37 idosos diabéticos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família de um município do estado do Paraná. Aplicou-se um instrumento adaptado que continha questões sobre a caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, a assistência prestada ao usuário e a satisfação com o atendimento recebido. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva utilizando frequências absolutas e relativas. A avaliação positiva/intermediária da assistência prevaleceu em 70,3% dos entrevistados. Os fatores que apresentaram relação foram: aferição da pressão arterial (100%) e da glicemia capilar (80,77%); ausculta cardíaca (76,92%); oferecimento de antidiabéticos orais/insulina (84,62%) e de orientações sobre seu uso (69,23%), sobre a doença e formas de tratamento (69,23%), sobre complicações (65,38%), sobre a importância da prática de atividade física (61,54%) e de uma alimentação adequada (61,54%); questionamento sobre a saúde e o diabetes (76,92%); percepção do interesse profissional em perguntar sobre o tratamento medicamentoso (92,31%) e sua frequência (84,62%), em compreender, acolher e esclarecer preocupações, dúvidas ou problemas com o diabetes (84,62%) e em dar tempo suficiente para o paciente se expressar (84,62%). Os resultados reforçam a importância da promoção da saúde permeada pelo acolhimento e pelo diálogo sobre boas práticas em saúde, além de uma avaliação clínica de qualidade e oferta de subsídios necessários ao tratamento da doença.
O diagnóstico do HIV na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão realista
Authors: Pavinati Gabriel , Lima Lucas Vinícius de , Piran Camila Moraes Garollo , Hino Paula , Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares
Published: August 2023

É fundamental a identificação e a compreensão das estratégias empregadas na atenção primária à saúde para a oferta do diagnóstico do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), de modo a possibilitar o planejamento de políticas que promovam o início oportuno da terapia antirretroviral para garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida às pessoas que vivem com HIV. Desse modo, o estudo objetivou elaborar preceitos teóricos a partir das evidências científicas acerca das estratégias para a oferta do diagnóstico do HIV na atenção primária. Trata-se de uma revisão realista, realizada a partir de levantamento conduzido em seis bases de dados no ano de 2022, que teve como questão norteadora: quais são as estratégias para a oferta do diagnóstico da infecção pelo HIV na atenção primária à saúde? Foram incluídos oito estudos. No que se refere a estratégias empregadas e público-alvo, observou-se o predomínio de testes de rotina (n = 5) nas unidades básicas de saúde para a população adscrita, sem especificação de idade e/ou grupo (n = 4). A partir disso emergiu o seguinte preceito teórico: estratégias para a oferta de testes de HIV na atenção primária à saúde, com abordagens holísticas, pautadas na relação profissional-usuário e em condições rotineiras apresentam melhor receptividade pela população adscrita e contribuem para a redução do estigma associado. Sugere-se, assim, que as ações de testagem de HIV valorizem práticas integrais ao usuário em suas consultas de rotina e sejam livres de discriminação e julgamento, a fim de que o estigma associado à infecção deixe de ser um fator limitador para a testagem.
Saúde mental na atenção básica: metassíntese da produção do cuidado no território brasileiro
Authors: Pereira Beatriz Medrado , Mattos Mússio Pirajá , Gomes Daiene Rosa
Published: August 2023

Este estudo objetivou compreender as concepções que guiam a produção do cuidado em saúde mental na atenção básica (AB) por meio de uma metassíntese da literatura. Por meio das bases de dados e bibliotecas virtuais Scopus, LILACS, BDENF, SciELO, BVS e PubMed e utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), buscaram-se textos qualitativos em português, inglês e espanhol, publicados no Brasil entre 2010 e 2020, que abordassem como a produção do cuidado em saúde mental está sendo desenvolvida na AB do país; cujos objetivos se referissem a atos e saberes desenvolvidos em saúde mental na AB; que abordassem o conceito de integralidade do cuidado em saúde mental desenvolvido na AB do Brasil; e que tratassem do entendimento quanto à mudança da prática profissional a partir dessas iniciativas. Foram selecionados 66 trabalhos, a partir dos quais se identificou que a saúde mental ainda sofre com as consequências herdadas do modelo hospitalocêntrico e asilar de produção do cuidado. Além disso, evidenciaram-se impactos das questões e experiências pessoais na saúde mental dos sujeitos, negligência e visão restrita do cuidado psicossocial, predomínio de práticas biomédicas, centralização nas ações intramuros e psiquiatrização das práticas de saúde mental na AB, os quais constituem barreiras ao processo de desinstitucionalização e integralidade do cuidado em saúde mental. Assim, é importante reconhecer a legitimidade dos saberes e repensar práticas menos cristalizadas, a fim de enfrentar e problematizar modelos hegemônicos, para que se avance na produção do cuidado em saúde mental na AB.
Shantala na atenção primária à saúde: relato de experiência
Authors: Souza Carina Cardoso de , Pinheiro Paloma Andrade , Moura Thamis MacieL
Published: August 2023

A Shantala consiste em uma prática integrativa complementar que apresenta benefícios para a saúde da criança e para o fortalecimento do vínculo cuidador-bebê; no entanto, ainda é desconhecida por grande parte da população. Este estudo teve como objetivo promover o conhecimento sobre a prática integrativa complementar da Shantala para gestantes e profissionais da atenção primária. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de cinco oficinas de Shantala com gestantes realizadas nos postos de saúde da zona urbana do município de Una (BA), e de uma capacitação sobre o tema voltada para enfermeiros e agentes comunitários de saúde. Ao todo, participaram das oficinas 27 gestantes e três mães de bebês com idades entre 2 e 8 meses. A atividade de educação permanente contou com 11 profissionais. Todas as mães relataram ter recorrido à técnica em algum momento, mas nem todas conseguiram inseri-la em suas rotinas. Os benefícios observados incluem: alívio de gases, bebê mais calmo, sono tranquilo, genitores mais calmos e satisfeitos por observar o bem-estar do(a) filho(a). Pela experiência relatada, é possível observar que mais iniciativas com terapias complementares devem ser implementadas na atenção primária com o intuito de ultrapassar o modelo biomédico e aproximar a comunidade dos serviços de saúde para fins de promoção e prevenção.
İnsan İdrarında Valasiklovirin Tayini için RPLC Yöntemin Geliştirilmesi ve Validasyonu
Authors: DALDAL Yaşar Doğan
Published: August 2023

Sunulan çalışmada, herpes ve megalovirüslerin sebep olduğu enfeksiyonların tedavisinde tercihli olarak kullanılan ilaçlardan valasiklovirin katkılandırılmış idrarda ters faz sıvı kromatografik yöntemle tayini için yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Yöntem geliştirmede, valasiklovirin sistematik olarak pH-kapasite faktörü ilişkisini değerlendirilip, mobil faz optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnceleme sonunda, optimum ayırma koşulu %4 asetonitril-su (h/h), pH 5,0 ve 37oC kolon sıcaklığı olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonrasında, belirlenen optimum koşulun Uluslararası Harmonizasyon Topluluğu (ICH) yönergelerine göre validasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen yöntem 2-12 μg/mL derişim aralığında muhteşem doğrusallık göstermiştir ve idrar ortamında gerçekleştirilen geri kazanma sonuçları (%) valasiklovirin iki farklı derişimi için 100,147±0,800 ve 100,208±0,604 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, geliştirilen yönteme sağlamlık testleri de uygulanmıştır ve elde edilen sonuçlar t-testiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen validasyon ve sağlamlık testleri sonucunda, geliştirilen yöntemin hassas, tekrar edilebilir, doğru, kesin ve sağlam olduğu bulunmuştur. Bundan dolayı, geliştirilen yöntemin rutin analizler için uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Estado del arte sobre los estudios de la Violencia en Colombia y sus elementos culturales
Authors: Perez Escandon Liseth Daniela
Published: August 2023

En este balance se analizan las propuestas teóricas y metodológicas más relevantes —a juicio de la autora—, de la historiografía de La Violencia en Colombia en sus diferentes etapas, desde la década de los años cincuenta hasta inicios del siglo XXI, haciendo énfasis en el reconocimiento de aspectos culturales. La revisión historiográfica tiene como propósito encontrar posibles vacíos en el análisis de esos aspectos, problematizando el hecho de que un porcentaje importante de los autores de esas investigaciones no sean historiadores.
Nuevo atlas histórico marítimo de Colombia: siglos XVI a XVIII
Authors: Fuentes Crispín Nara
Published: August 2023

Variados mapas y cartas náuticas antiguas nos permiten recomponer un paisaje de los litorales de la actual Colombia, territorio que fuera testigo del proceso de ampliación de las fronteras económicas y mentales acaecido con los viajes europeos al Nuevo Mundo durante el siglo XVI que originaron una larga estela de transformaciones cosmográficas. Con una perspectiva geográfica, el Nuevo atlas marítimo de Colombia: siglos XVI a XVIII aborda definidos conjuntos cartográficos. El primero, de mapas trazados entre el istmo de Panamá hacia el océano Pacífico, la provincia de Chocó, y las islas Gorgona y Puna, entre otras. El segundo, sugestivas cartas náuticas que permiten rastrear la temprana presencia europea en el archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina y la costa Mosquitia. Y, el tercero, dos grupos de mapas que reflejan la rica complejidad de las llanuras, ciénagas y costas de las provincias de Cartagena, Santa Marta y La Guajira. La obra está tejida con representaciones provenientes de archivos nacionales y españoles y también de antiguos atlas franceses, portugueses e ingleses que dan cuenta de gran diversidad tecnológica, ideológica y estética: desde cartas de navegación, mapas portulanos y rutas de cabotaje correspondientes a recorridos legales e ilegales, y mapas oficiales de las provincias costeras que develan las inveteradas tensiones entre los poderes locales y territorios nativos ancestrales durante el periodo colonial. Un tesoro gráfico para aproximarse a la cuestión territorial neogranadina y una obra abierta a provocadoras interpretaciones.