bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectos de la modalidad de presentación de un mensaje de educación-entretenimiento de prevención del VIH
Authors:   Escuela Militar General José María Córdova, Bogotá, Colombia, Camelo-Guarín Alicia , Igartua Juan-José ,   Universidad de Salamanca, España, Vega-Casanova Jair ,   Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia, Palacio-Sañudo Jorge Enrique ,   Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
Published: March 2023

Introducción: Se presentan los resultados de un estudio experimental para contrastar el efecto de la modalidad de presentación de un mensaje de educación-entretenimiento (escrito versus audiovisual) en los procesos cognitivos de recepción, en función de la necesidad de cognición. Método: Participaron 109 hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH), distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos condiciones experimentales (mensaje escrito versus mensaje audiovisual). Resultados: Se encontró que la necesidad de cognición moderó el efecto de la modalidad del mensaje sobre la elaboración cognitiva (el mensaje escrito incrementaba la elaboración cognitiva en participantes con baja necesidad de cognición) y sobre la contraargumentación (el formato escrito generó menor contraargumentación en participantes con alta necesidad de cognición),pero no sobre la reactancia. Conclusiones: La efectividad de un mensaje de educación-entretenimiento está determinada tanto por las características del mensaje (la modalidad de presentación) como por las diferencias individuales de las personas (la necesidad de cognición). De manera particular, la necesidad de cognición es una variable relevante para comprender los procesos cognitivos de recepción (la elaboración cognitiva y la contraargumentación) que desempeñan un papel fundamental en el estudio de la persuasión narrativa.
Involving people with lived experience in physiotherapy education – Research report three: Developing equal partnerships
Authors:   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Buckley Sophie , Fazakarley Louise ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Hughes Mel ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom
Published: March 2023

The nature of relationships between educators and people with lived experiences is well documented in literature which explores the involvement of people with lived experience in health and social care education. Issues of power, control and influence and the nature of equal and meaningful partnerships are often explored. Arnstein’s (1969) ladder of involvement and Tew et al. (2004) ladder of involvement framework, for example, seek to differentiate between different types and levels of involvement with meaningful involvement only being achieved when power is delegated. This report explores the power differences between the person with lived experience and the academic.
Involving people with lived experience in physiotherapy education - Research report two: Harnessing the expertise of people with lived experience
Authors:   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Easterbrook Tom , Blackman Emma ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Collins Kathryn ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Hughes Mel ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom
Published: March 2023

This report is part of a series of case reports critically reflecting on the involvement of people with lived experience in a UK based physiotherapy degree programme. An initial scoping review of the literature found only two papers exploring the involvement of people with lived experience specifically in physiotherapy education. This is despite an education and training standard requiring service user and carer involvement in all approved programmes in England being in place since 2014. Our goal as a public involvement in education and research partnership, is to challenge this by showcasing a range of approaches and impacts for involving people with lived experience in physiotherapy education and to develop an empirical evidence base for this involvement so best practice can be shared and developed.
Histomorphological study of hepatic lobules of adult Wistar rats administered with aqueous extracts of leaves of cassia singueana
Authors: Alley Jemila , Jibril Adam N. , Saleh Sagir M. , Umar Mikail , Sirajo Mujittapha U.
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Cassia singueana is widely used in northern Nigeria as an herb for the treatment of enamors ailments. Nevertheless the toxicity of the herb on liver architecture; the hepatic lobule and body weight is yet to be authenticated.

Methods

A total of 24 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 150 g were randomly placed into four groups. Each group consisted of 6 rats. Group A served as the control group while groups B, C and D were given 150, 300, and 450 mg of Cassia singueana leaves extract respectively for 14 days. The animals were weighed before, during and after the treatment phase subsequently, they were sacrificed and the liver tissues were processed and stained using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, Masson’s and Trichrome Stain, Gordon and Sweet’s Stain, and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS)Stain.

Results

There was no significant change in the animal’s body weight of in all the groups when compared to the control group. Our histology result showed that Cassia singueana induced vascular lesion and hepatocytes degeneration putatively though mechanism of cell death (apoptosis and necrosis). It was also found that Cassia singueana has no toxic effect on the reticular fibers of the liver. High dose of Cassia singueana was found to induce the deposition of PAS positive materials in hepatocytes.

Conclusions

The Cassia singueana leaves extract induce hepatocyte degeneration and vascular lesion in the hepatic lobules of the wistar rats, without affecting the animals’ body weight.
A strategic review: the role of commercially available tools for planning, modelling, optimization, and performance measurement of photovoltaic systems
Authors: Khan Akhlaque Ahmad , Minai Ahmad Faiz
Published: March 2023

Solar power and photovoltaic (PV) systems have become crucial components of the world’s energy portfolio. The PV systems may be engineered in a number of ways, including off-grid, on-grid, and tracking. Incorporating PV systems with traditional sources of power like diesel generators (DGs) or other renewable sources, like windmills, is possible. In this situation, developers, investigators, and experts are striving to create the best design that accommodates the load demand in regards to technological, financial, ecological, and social aspects. To assist in figuring out the best PV size and design, numerous tools, models, and heuristics were created and rolled out. The majority of the tools, models, and techniques used to build PV systems over the past 70 years were described, assessed, and evaluated in this article. It was observed that methods for optimising PV system designs evolved with time and demand. Tool design is often divided into segments such as artificial and classical, solo and hybrid approaches, and others. Hybrid approaches, nevertheless, gained prominence to become the most popular approach because of its adaptability and capacity for handling challenging issues. This paper’s evaluation also helps the readers choose a PV system design tool (approximately 46) that is suited for their needs.
From narrative past to mirativity and direct evidentiality: the case of Moldavian (Csángó) Hungarian
Authors: Kiss Katalin É.
Published: March 2023

This paper describes the evolution of grammaticalized evidentiality in the Moldavian dialect of Hungarian. It documents how the suffix-a/e, originally the marker of narrative past, became a rare, elevated marker of past tense highlighting significant past events; how it assumed a mirative overtone; and how the features ʻwitnessedʼ and ʻimmediate pastʼ, often present in mirative utterances, became inherent parts of its meaning. This grammaticalization path has resulted in an evidential system with typologically unique features. It is a two-term system based on the opposition of direct evidentiality and no evidentiality – violating the alleged universal that if a language has grammaticalized direct evidentiality, it has also grammaticalized indirect evidentiality. Mirative meaning is expressed by the same -a/esuffix that also encodes direct evidentiality – whereas it is claimed to be the extension of inferred evidentiality elsewhere. The unique properties of Moldavian Hungarian evidentiality are derived from the historical evolution of the -a/esuffix.
Part 1: Festschrift Commentaries
Authors: Heintz Sonja
Published: March 2023

In this first part of the “Festschrift for Willibald Ruch”, we collated seven commentaries, from board members and attendees of the Humour Summer School, Colin Cooper, Alyona Ivanova, Martin D. Lampert, Rod A. Martin, Paul E. McGhee and Frank ‘Appletree’ Rodden.
The entropy production paradox for fractional diffusion
Authors: Hoffmann Karl Heinz , Essex Christopher , Prehl Janett , Kulmus Kathrin
Published: March 2023

Dispersive diffusion and wave propagation seem to be unconnected and fundamentally different evolution equations. In the context of anomalous diffusion however modeling approaches based on fractional diffusion equations have been presented, which allow to build a continuous bridge between the two regimes. The transition from irreversible dispersive diffusion to reversible wave propagation shows an unexpected increase in entropy production. This seemingly paradoxical behavior of fractional diffusion is reviewed and compared to the behavior of a tree-based diffusion model.
The origin and development of pragmatics as a study of meaning: semiotic perspective
Authors: Niu Min
Published: March 2023

Pragmatics has grown into a flourishing independent academic discipline. Undefined and unsolved are, nevertheless, such confusing and controversial concerns in its evolution as research boundaries and uncertain definition. Some academics view Austin᾽s Speech Act Theory to be the birth of pragmatics, which certainly confines pragmatics to the field of linguistics and hence limits its study scope. This assertion is incongruous with Morris’ primary objective of proposing the word pragmatics from the standpoint of semiotics, inspired by Peirce. This research intends to investigate pragmatics from the perspective of linguistic philosophy and semiotics and argues that pragmatics derives and develops from Peirce’s pragmatist semiotics and Morris’ behavioral semiotics. Pragmatics is the exertion of the “interpretant” in Pierce’s Semiotics. Clearly, it is one of the three branches of Morris’s semiotics that investigates the relationship between signs and sign users. The meaning of signs is derived from the interpretation of sign users. Pierce’s pragmatism or pragmaticism is the intellectual foundation of pragmatics. As its research objective, it focuses on the relationship between meaning and context, i.e., the illocutionary meaning not covered by the study of semantics. Its primary methodology is based on logical reasoning.
Development of stimuli responsive polymeric nanomedicines modulating tumor microenvironment for improved cancer therapy
Authors: Su Yuanzhen , Jin Guanyu , Zhou Huicong , Yang Zhaofan , Wang Lanqing , Mei Zi , Jin Qionghua , Lv Shixian , Chen Xuesi
Published: March 2023

The complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) severely hinders the therapeutic effects of various cancer treatment modalities. The TME differs from normal tissues owing to the presence of hypoxia, low pH, and immune-suppressive characteristics. Modulation of the TME to reverse tumor growth equilibrium is considered an effective way to treat tumors. Recently, polymeric nanomedicines have been widely used in cancer therapy, because their synthesis can be controlled and they are highly modifiable, and have demonstrated great potential to remodel the TME. In this review, we outline the application of various stimuli responsive polymeric nanomedicines to modulate the TME, aiming to provide insights for the design of the next generation of polymeric nanomedicines and promote the development of polymeric nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
Cylindrical vector beams demultiplexing communication based on a vectorial diffractive optical element
Authors: Cao Mengwei , Xie Zhenwei , Zhong Yanan , Lei Ting , Zhang Wanlong , Liu Shutian , Yuan Xiaocong
Published: March 2023

Cylindrical vector beams with polarization singularities, transmission stability and turbulence resilient, are orthogonally structured light beams providing new degrees of freedom for multiplexing optical communications. The demultiplexing of the CVBs with high efficiency and low crosstalk is of vital importance for the practical applications. Here, we propose a lens-less CVB sorting approach with a set of dielectric metasurface devices. The metasurface is composed of elliptical silicon nanopillars, which are capable of vector field steering. By performing mode transformations on both left-handed and right-handed polarization components of the CVBs, cylindrical vector beams can be demultiplexed with high efficiency and reduced crosstalk. Furthermore, by adjusting the phase response of the vectorial diffractive element into a set of Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase planes, we experimentally demonstrate 11 CVBs sorting with a set of P–B phase liquid crystal devices. The proposed device may benefit the CVB-based mode multiplexing communications in future.
Heidegger’s Nietzsche, and the Finite Repetition of Difference
Authors: Hughes Emily
Published: March 2023

In this review essay, I take up a critical analysis of three recently published monographs in Heidegger-Nietzsche scholarship. Whilst their projects are diverse, I suggest that Winkler, Parra and Armitage are each fundamentally concerned with the critique of the Cartesian subject in Heidegger’s interpretation of Nietzsche and attempt to varying extents to ground this problematization of subjectivity in the phenomenon of time. Nevertheless, whilst each emphasises the importance of time in understanding both Heidegger’s and Nietzsche’s critique of the subject, it is surprising that they either underplay or misappropriate the significance of eternal recurrence, the temporal phenomenon which Heidegger defines as Nietzsche’s “thought of thoughts.” After engaging each account, my aim is to then consider how they might be critically re-framed in light of Heidegger’s interpretation of eternal recurrence which, I suggest, is fundamental to understanding Heidegger’s engagement with Nietzsche, as well as his own philosophical project more broadly.
Being Truly Wrong: Enlightened Nihilism or Unbound Naturalism?
Authors: Gamez Patrick
Published: March 2023

I present an account of nihilism, following Foucault and Nietzsche, as a sort of colonization of our thinking by a religious form of normativity, grounded in our submission to truth as correspondence, in the idea that the facts themselves could be binding upon us. I then present Brassier’s radicalization of nihilism and showed how it remains subservient to this religious ideal of truth. I argue, further, that far than showing how a commitment to Enlightenment reason and science demands a cold metaphysics of death, in dismissing the irreducibly plural ways in which what is determines thought, Brassier’s attempt to secure a fit between thought and disenchanted world suggests that the view is an expression of the unliveable condition of nihilism, rather than its proof. Finally, I present a form of naturalism that makes legitimate claim to the legacy of Enlightenment, drawing from French historical epistemology, and dispenses with the problems animating Brassier’s nihilism by radically transforming the concept of truth and how we relate to it.
Prometheus’ Fluch – der früheisenzeitliche Töpferofen von Groß Kienitz (Brandenburg) in der paneuropäischen Perspektive
Authors: Dittrich Annett , Geßner Kerstin
Published: March 2023

Der 2017 ausgegrabene früheisenzeitliche Keramikbrennofen von Groß Kienitz (Brandenburg) wies in situ erhaltene Reste von Brenngut auf. Die Funde liegen zum einen als kollabierte, jedoch nahezu vollständige Fehlbrände, zum anderen als zahlreiche als Brennhilfen und Füllmaterial verwendete Gefäßscherben vor. Da sich das Formengut des geschlossenen Fundes sowohl der ausgehenden Bronzezeit als auch der frühen Eisenzeit mit ausgeprägten Elementen der lokalen Göritzer Gruppe zuordnen lässt, ist die strikte Epochentrennung hier einmal mehr infrage gestellt. Bisher ohne Parallelen bleiben bauliche Details des Lehmkuppelofens wie der portable Schlotverschluss aus einem sekundär verwendeten Keramikgefäß. Darüber deutet sich eine experimentelle Phase an, die mit neuen Anforderungen, etwa an die Erzeugung dunkler, reduzierend gebrannter Gefäßoberflächen, einherging. Zugleich sind der Ofenbau im Licht eines neuen handwerklichen Selbstverständnisses und die antike Feuerverwendung vor einem mytho-praktischen Hintergrund zu sehen. Quellen wie etwa der Homer zugeschriebene „Ofensegen“ betonen, dass der Brandvorgang nach dem Verschluss des Ofens (Reduktionsphase) ohne die Möglichkeit einer weiteren Beeinflussung stattfindet. In der antiken Vorstellung konnte diese kritische Phase ohne den erforderlichen übernatürlichen Beistand in Fehlbränden und in der Zerstörung des Ofens münden.
Sterically crowded di-indazolyl-pyridines: Iron(II) complexation studies
Authors: Omar Suhad , Irran Elisabeth , Wiedemann Dennis , Baabe Dirk , Grohmann Andreas
Published: March 2023

4-(2,6-Di(2H-indazol-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)benzoic acid (1) and 10-(2,6-di(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-4-yl)anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (2) were required for adsorption studies on Ag(111), with a view to subsequent iron(II) complexation and formation of well-ordered spin-responsive self-assembled monolayers. While the generation of these compounds has remained elusive, several intermediates and by-products were obtained, potentially useful as dipyrazolylpyridine-related derivatives and for metal ion coordination. 3,5-Dichloro-2,6-diindazolylpyridine-4-amine, which forms as a mixture of regioisomers, was synthesised, the mixture separated, and the components characterised (3,5-dichloro-2,6-di(2H-indazol-2-yl)pyridin-4-amine; 3,5-dichloro-2-(1H-indazol-1-yl)-6-(2H-indazol-2-yl)pyridin-4-amine; 3,5-dichloro-2,6-di(1H-indazol-1-yl)pyridin-4-amine). Their iron(II) complexes have been prepared and fully characterised, including single crystal X-ray structure determination. The complexes are instructive examples of the influence of ligand design (“steric jamming”) on the spin-crossover (SCO) activity of FeII centres. Bulky substitution, which entails twisted ligand conformation, increases intramolecular crowding. This prevents contraction of the metal coordination sphere, which would be a prerequisite for thermally inducible SCO. Mössbauer spectroscopy has revealed that the complexes remain predominantly high-spin (HS) between 20 and 200 K, and that a mixture of conformational HS isomers is present in the microcrystalline solid.
Principales rasgos gramaticales del español de Guatemala
Authors: Pato Enrique
Published: March 2023

This work offers an in-depth description of the main morphosyntactic (and lexical) features found in present Guatemalan Spanish, a lesser-known Central American variety. Text corpora and sociolinguistic surveys help us to provide an updated grammatical overview, which takes into account most categories: nouns and adjectives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions and locutions, and it is illustrated with examples taken both from formal and informal settings. By comparing these features with previous grammatical descriptions, this study helps in identifying some common American features —such as the use of hasta and una mi amiga— as well as some specific patterns —such as the prominence of several suffixes and pronouns— in present-day Guatemalan Spanish, some of which remain to be incorporated in the Academy grammar.
Ballistic Exercise Versus Heavy Resistance Exercise Protocols: Which Resistance Priming Is More Effective for Improving Neuromuscular Performance on the Following Day?
Authors: Nishioka Takuya , Okada Junichi
Published: March 2023

Nishioka, T and Okada, J. Ballistic exercise versus heavy resistance exercise protocols: which resistance priming is more effective for improving neuromuscular performance on the following day? J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1939–1946, 2023—This study aimed to determine whether ballistic exercise priming (BEP) or heavy resistance priming (HRP) is more effective for improving ballistic performance after 24 hours. Ten resistance-trained men performed BEP and HRP conditions 72–144 hours apart in a randomized and counterbalanced order. Jumping performance was assessed before and 24 hours after the BEP and HRP sessions using 0 and 40% one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat jump (SJ), 0 and 40% 1RM countermovement jump (CMJ), and drop jump (DJ) reactive strength index (RSI). Statistical significance was accepted at p ≤ 0.05. In the BEP condition, 0% 1RM CMJ height (+3.62%) as well as theoretical maximum velocity (+5.14%) and theoretical maximum power (+2.55%) obtained from CMJ 24 hours after the priming session were significantly greater than those at the baseline (p ≤ 0.05), but 0% 1RM SJ height and DJ RSI (p > 0.05) were not greater than those at the baseline. In the HRP condition, the jump performances were not improved (p > 0.05). The percentage change in 0% 1RM CMJ height in the BEP condition was significantly greater than that seen in the HRP condition (p = 0.015) but did not differ for 0% 1RM SJ height and DJ RSI (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the BEP is more effective than HRP in improving CMJ performance after 24 hours. Therefore, practitioners should consider prescribing resistance priming using low-load ballistic exercises rather than high-load traditional exercises when planning to enhance athlete performance on the following day.
Behavioral and Functional Brain Activity Alterations Induced by TMS Coils with Different Spatial Distributions
Authors: Pell Gaby S. , Roth Yiftach , Shachar Hamutal , Isserles Moshe , Barnea-Ygael Noam , Zangen Abraham
Published: March 2023

Previous investigation of cognitive processes using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have explored the response to different stimulation parameters such as frequency and coil location. In this study, we attempt to add another parameter by exploiting the spatial profiles of TMS coils to infer regional information concerning reward-related behavior. We used different TMS coils to modulate activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and examined resulting changes in behavior and associated brain activity. More specifically, we used the Figure-8 coil to stimulate a portion of the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) and the H-Coil to stimulate a larger volume within the lateral PFC (LPFC). Healthy human volunteers completed behavioral questionnaires (n = 29) or performed a reward-related decision-making functional MRI (fMRI) task (n = 21) immediately before and after acute high-frequency stimulation (10 Hz) with either a Figure-8 coil, H-Coil, or a sham coil. Stimulation was found to induce behavioral changes as well as changes in brain activation in key nodes of the reward network. Right LPFC, but not right DLPFC or sham, stimulation was found to induce changes in both behavioral scores and brain activation in key nodes of the reward system. In conclusion, this study supports the role of the right LPFC in reward-related behavior and suggest that the pathways through which the observed effects were generated are located outside the area of the DLPFC that is traditionally targeted with TMS. These results demonstrate the use of TMS coils with different spatial profiles as an informative tool to investigate anatomic and functional correlates of behavior.
Random Tactile Noise Stimulation Reveals Beta-Rhythmic Impulse Response Function of the Somatosensory System
Authors: Chota Samson , VanRullen Rufin , Gulbinaite Rasa
Published: March 2023

Both passive tactile stimulation and motor actions result in dynamic changes in beta band (15–30 Hz Hz) oscillations over somatosensory cortex. Similar to alpha band (8–12 Hz) power decrease in the visual system, beta band power also decreases following stimulation of the somatosensory system. This relative suppression of α and β oscillations is generally interpreted as an increase in cortical excitability. Here, next to traditional single-pulse stimuli, we used a random intensity continuous right index finger tactile stimulation (white noise), which enabled us to uncover an impulse response function of the somatosensory system. Contrary to previous findings, we demonstrate a burst-like initial increase rather than decrease of beta activity following white noise stimulation (human participants,N= 18, 8 female). These β bursts, on average, lasted for 3 cycles, and their frequency was correlated with resonant frequency of somatosensory cortex, as measured by a multifrequency steady-state somatosensory evoked potential paradigm. Furthermore, beta band bursts shared spectro-temporal characteristics with evoked and resting-state β oscillations. Together, our findings not only reveal a novel oscillatory signature of somatosensory processing that mimics the previously reported visual impulse response functions, but also point to a common oscillatory generator underlying spontaneous β bursts in the absence of tactile stimulation and phase-locked β bursts following stimulation, the frequency of which is determined by the resonance properties of the somatosensory system.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe investigation of the transient nature of oscillations has gained great popularity in recent years. The findings of bursting activity, rather than sustained oscillations in the beta band, have provided important insights into its role in movement planning, working memory, inhibition, and reactivation of neural ensembles. In this study, we show that also in response to tactile stimulation the somatosensory system responds with ∼3 cycle oscillatory beta band bursts, whose spectro-temporal characteristics are shared with evoked and resting-state beta band oscillatory signatures of the somatosensory system. As similar bursts have been observed in the visual domain, these oscillatory signatures might reflect an important supramodal mechanism in sensory processing.
Structural, AC conductivity, dielectric and impedance studies of polypyrrole/praseodymium calcium manganite nanocomposites
Authors:   Department of Physics, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India, Bharathi M. , Anuradha K. N. ,   Department of Physics, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India, Murugendrappa M. V. ,   Centre of Excellence in Advanced Materials Research, Department of Physics, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
Published: March 2023

In-situ polymerization of a series of nanocomposites viz. 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt % of Praseodymium Calcium Manganite Oxide (Pr0.75Ca0.25MnO3) (PCM) nano manganites in polypyrrole (PPy) were prepared by chemical polymerization technique. The crystalline nature of all the nanocomposites was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma was confirmed by the well-fitted Rietveld refined XRD data. The average particle size was observed to be in the range of 42 to 60 nm. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) confirmed the spherical nature of the particles. The TEM confirmed the crystallinity and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the stretching frequencies shifted towards higher frequencies for the nanocomposites suggesting better conjugation due to chemical interaction between the PPy and PCM particles. AC conductivity versus frequency showed that at higher frequencies the AC increases obeying Jonscher’s power law. The correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model is therefore used to describe the conduction mechanism. For all composites, the dielectric constant and tangent loss revealed a frequency- and temperaturedependent character. The real and imaginary impedance were both frequency and temperature dependent. The impedance data were analyzed by fitting Nyquist plots using ZsimpWin software which confirmed non Debye type of behavior. This study highlights on the interactions between conduction processes, grain boundaries, and grains.
Correlation between optical and shielding properties of phosphate glasses with alkaline oxide and their application
Authors:   Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Postcode: 9004, Zip code: 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Hussein K. I. , Alqahtani M. S. ,   Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Postcode: 9004, Zip code: 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Almarhaby A. ,   Medical Physics Department, King Fahd General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al Andalus, Jeddah 23325, Jeddah, Alayyash R. S. ,   Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia, Elshiekh E. ,   Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2023

In numerous tissue engineering and dental applications, bioactive glasses are utilized. These glasses have unique characteristics that make them attractive candidates for a variety of applications. A new bioactive glass system with the structure of 45P2O5 − 20CaO − 15CaCL2 − 8KF − (10 − x) Li2O − (x) TiO2 was developed in this study, with x = 2, 6, and 8 mol%. For usage in radiation protective applications, it was evaluated. By using an ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer, we were able to measure the absorbance (Abs) and transmittance (T %) in the range of wavelengths 190–2500 nm. Furthermore, the optical energy gap of the produced glasses was determined. Using the MIKE software, the mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) of the bioactive glasses under investigation were calculated for energies ranging from 15 to 200 keV. The 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿, 𝑍𝑍𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒, 𝑁𝑁𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒, 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻, 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (Linear attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number, effective electron density, half value layer, tenth value layer, and mean free path) of the bioactive glasses were calculated. According to the findings, the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as well as the metal oxide such as Li2O to bioactive glasses generates significant differences in the attenuation characteristics of bioactive glasses. The results indicate that the PCKLT3( 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇2= 8mol%) bioactive-glass sample had the best attenuation among other samples.
Relationships between parents and children and the child’s affiliation in the provisions of the family codes in the former and contemporary Republic of Poland
Authors: Ciepła Helena
Published: March 2023

Contemporary legislation which regards the legal relations between parents and children has been undergoing transformation. At the beginning of the People’s Republic of Poland the legislation regarding the regulations was unified during the years 1945-1946, then there were codifications from 1950 and 1964 and the law amendments from 1975 and 2008. Moral and customary elements were particularly significant in the family law as they exerted crucial influence on the contents of the regulations. It should be emphasised that Father Michal Sopoćko devoted a lot of his work and attention to these very regulations. Contemporarily we cannot disregard the whole range of nuances of the term “contemporary family”. This term significantly differs from the meaning which functioned in the period of creating the Family and Guardianship Code from 1964. In that period the concept of the family was based on the foundation of marriage. Currently the alternative forms of family life are being developed and civil unions are becoming more and more popular. Thus the family outside marriage is also recognized in different relationships.
Marriage and the family issues in the research and writings of Blessed Michał Sopoćko in the light of his scientific activity and legacy
Authors:   Archdiocesan Major Seminary in Bialystok, Ciereszko Henryk
Published: March 2023

Father Michał Sopoćko, the blessed of the Catholic Church described the issues of marriage and the family in the legal and ethical aspect in his doctoral thesis. It was published in 1926 and was called: Rodzina w prawodawstwie na ziemiach polskich [The family in the legislation on Polish soil]. This article presents this publication with the background note about the scientific activity of Father Sopoćko, the scientific disciplines which he worked on (pastoral theology, pedagogy, catechetics and homiletics) as well as the apostolate of Divine mercy (teaching, the cult, publications), which were his life mission. The dissertation presents the reasons why he described the issues of marriage and family: his concern for the Christian model of the family, of the family’s rights based on the natural and on the revealed law in order to take them into account in the codification created in the freed Poland. Further on, the main content of the work consists of the vision of family and marriage, the mutual relationship of the spouses, the relationship between parents and children with regard to the natural law and to the Christian morality presented in the light of the legislation on the Polish soil under occupation. The final part in the conclusion of the article emphasises the indispensability to embed the constituted law on marriage and the family on the natural and the revealed law. This validity has not become out of date and should still be preserved. This statement adds value to the work of Father Sopoćko and makes it worth attention in the light of the contemporarily discussed issues of marriage and the family.
The influence of moral principles on the formation of a healthy family according to blessed father Michał Sopoćko
Authors:   Congregation of Sisters of Divine Mercy, Steć Dominika
Published: March 2023

The article is based on the doctoral thesis of blessed father Michał Sopoćko: “The family in the legislation on Polish soil. Ethical and moral study ”, which he defended in Vilnius in 1926. The Author dedicated his work to the legislators who were working on creating the state legislation in Poland after regaining independence after 123 years of partitions, in order to unify the family law which was diversed in various partitions. This dissertation presents the moral aspects concerning the family discussed by Father Michał Sopoćko with regard to the contemporary social norms. The article is divided into 3 chapters: 1. The general concept and position oft he family in moral theology; 2. The mutual relations of the spouses; 3. Relations between parents and children Chapter 1. presents the basic role of the natural law, reference to the conscience and property law. Chapter 2 is focused on marital relations, among which the most important one is the integrity of the marital union, next there is a debate on the mutual life as a relation of two people of equal dignity with the variety of tasks and the property relations. Chapter 3 is a reference to the tasks which are connected with the childcare. It contains information about education, material security and the duties of parents and children and about the problems connected with divorces and maintaining illegitimate children. The article emphasises the importance, validity and contribution of Father Michał Sopoćko to establishing legislation which concerns the family in the independent Poland.
John Paul II’s apology of human freedom
Authors:   John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Swatkowski Karol
Published: March 2023

Contemporary man is particularly sensitive to the issues related to his freedom. However, not everything perceived as freedom is in fact freedom. In the face of this fascination with apparent freedom, which is presented as unlimited but in fact leads to enslavement, the Church has a particular task in forming a proper understanding of freedom. This task was undertaken, among others, by John Paul II. This article is an attempt to present the Pope’s concept of freedom based on truth, love and responsibility.
Politizar el sindicalismo, sindicalizar la política. Las centrales obreras argentinas durante los gobiernos kirchneristas
Authors: Morris María Belén
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes the ways of political action deployed by the Argentinian trade union federations (General Confederation of Labor and Central of Workers of Argentina) between 2007 and 2015. This period witnessed different initiatives of trade union politicization. Through a theoretical approach than attends the multiple rationalities that operate in the concretion of political actions and the different arenas where they locate, we periodize this period in three major moments. We show the outcome of four forms of political action located on a continuum that goes from the separation to the overlap between trade unionism and politics: the purely corporate action, the dispute over political representation outside peronism, the dispute over political representation within peronism and the “politicization of the union”.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with corn straw for the preparation of antibacterial paper
Authors: Chen Qifeng , Liu Guhong , Chen Guangxue , Chen Ting , Mi Ting
Published: March 2023

A green method of synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with corn straw acting as reducing agents was used to prepare antibacterial paper. An ammonia solution, corn straw, and soluble starch were used as the silver precursor, reducing agent, and capping agent, respectively. The optimal condition for synthesizing AgNPs was obtained by varying the reactant ratio, temperature, and reaction time. The AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), spray analyzer, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained AgNPs were almost spherical and they were redispersed well in ethanol after centrifugation. Importantly, the prepared AgNPs were better applied in preparing antibacterial paper. After careful measurements, the mechanical properties and the antibacterial ability of the antibacterial paper were good. Therefore, the method of using corn straw as a reducing agent combined with AgNPs, to prepare antibacterial paper, is feasible. This method is noteworthy because corn straw is an underutilized material.
Chemical analysis of tree barks using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and conventional techniques
Authors: Özgenç Özlem , Durmaz Sefa , Kuştaş Süleyman
Published: March 2023

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and conventional analysis techniques were performed to characterize the chemical structure of different coniferous (cedar, fir, Calabrian pine, and spruce) and deciduous (chestnut, oak, alder, and beech) tree barks. The cell wall components (holocellulose and lignin) and extractives of tree barks were determined using conventional analysis methods. Chemical analysis indicated that the polysaccharide contents of tree barks were very low compared to lignin and extractives content. Substantial dissolution of tree barks was brought about by 1% NaOH. FTIR analysis method is an easy and reliable way to determine the functional groups of tree bark components. The levels of carbohydrates and lignin, as determined by ATR-FTIR spectral analysis, were consistent with the results of conventional analysis. The highest content of lignin was in the alder species for the deciduous trees and in the cedar type for the coniferous trees.
Characterization of millet (Pennisetum glaucum) husk fiber (MHF) and its use as filler for high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites
Authors: Abba Hammajam A. , Zahari Ismarrubie N. , Sapuan Salit M. , Leman Zulkiffle
Published: March 2023

Mechanical properties were investigated for millet husk (MH) fiber filled high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. The chemical and thermal attributes of the fibers are also studied. The fibers were pulverized to 250 µm size. The composites were prepared by a melt blending technique using a Brabender® internal mixer, accompanied by hot compression. Composite formulations were based on; 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% wt fiber loadings with 170 oC temperature, 10 min flow time, and 20 rpm rotational speed. Mechanical properties were obtained according to ASTM D3039, ASTM D790, and ASTM D256 for tensile, flexural, and impact test, respectively. Microstructures of fracture tensile test specimens were observed by SEM. Fiber chemical compositions were determined using acid detergent, neutral detergent, and acid detergent lignin to evaluate the cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin contents correspondingly. The percentages were 50.4% cellulose, 23.7% hemicelluloses, and 13.2% lignin with remains of other chemical constituents. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the highest stable temperature was 245 oC. The tensile and flexural strength of the composites decreased with increasing fiber loading, while their modulus increased with increasing fiber loading. The impact strength was reduced drastically as fiber loading was increased. Therefore, it was concluded that millet husk fiber has potential to be used as raw material in composites applications.
Effect of dynamic yield strength of circular saw blade on laser shock tensioning process
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Zhankuan
Published: March 2023

A laser shock tensioning process is proposed in this work for circular saw blades. To explore the tensioning stress formation mechanism of the laser shock tensioning process, a theoretical model was built based on a finite element method utilizing reasonable simplifications and assumptions. By comparing theoretical analysis and the measured results, the theoretical model proved to be correct and the laser shock tensioning process proved feasible. The effect of the dynamic yield strength of the circular saw blades on the laser shock tensioning process was studied. Simulation results showed that the dynamic yield strength of the circular saw blades exhibited a strong effect on the overall tensioning. Circular saw blades with a higher dynamic yield strength can obtain greater room for improvement via the tensioning effect.
Structural performance evaluation of finger-jointed rubberwood manufactured by factories in Thailand
Authors: Meethaworn Benjama , Srivaro Suthon
Published: March 2023

In order to utilize finger-jointed rubberwood as raw material for the production of structural wood products, the finger joint efficiencies of rubberwood specimens taken from three factories in Thailand were evaluated. This study investigated the finger profile, modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of finger-jointed rubberwood from all selected factories. The effect of finger orientations (vertical and horizontal) on MOR and MOE values was also examined. The results showed that all selected factories used the same finger profile for manufacturing finger jointing of rubberwood samples. The finger orientations had no noticeable effect on the MOR and MOE values. The MOR values of finger-jointed rubberwood obtained from all selected factories were different. They ranged from 55 to 78 MPa. A primary cause of failure for specimens with lower MOR values was the poor surface bonding of fingers. The MOE values of samples were similar for all selected factories ranging from 9,710 to 12,200 MPa. According to BS EN 338 (2016), finger jointed rubberwood from some factories was inappropriate for production of high strength structural wood products.
Removal of Cr3+ ions by phytic acid derivatives from rice bran
Authors: Makarenko Natalia V. , Arefieva Olga D. , Kovekhova Anna V. , Zemnukhova Liudmila A.
Published: March 2023

The process of removing chromium(III) ions from aqueous solutions was investigated with respect to a phosphorus-containing product containing inositol hexaphosphoric acid derivatives obtained from rice bran-rice waste products of Far Eastern breeding varieties. The removal efficiency of chromium(III) ions by phosphorus-containing product depended on their initial concentration and reached 82%. Thus, environmentally friendly polyfunctional chelate materials from rice production wastes could be used to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions.
INHIBITORY ACTION OF THE GENERAL ANESTHETIC KETAMINE ON INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM TRANSIENTS AND SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS OF THE MOUSE SMALL INTESTINE
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Melnyk M.I. ,   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Dryn D.O. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Dziuba D.O. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zholos A.V. ,   ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

The mechanisms of the negative consequences of general anaesthetics action on the nervous system have been studied in detail, but regarding smooth muscle function, such issues have not yet been sufficiently addressed. In this study, we investigated the effect of the general intravenous anaesthetic ketamine on the level of intracellular calcium in isolated ileum myocytes and the contractile activity of smooth muscle strips of the mouse small intestine. The concentration of intracellular calcium in cells was measured using the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dye Fura-2, and tensiometry was used to record the contractile activity of smooth muscles. It was shown that ketamine at a concentration of 100 µM significantly, by 40%, suppressed carbachol-induced contractile reactions of the ileum. The inhibitory effect correlated with the suppression of the intracellular calcium responses to carbachol in isolated smooth muscle cells after the addition of ketamine to the extracellular solution, which was by 65% on average. These results contribute to our better understanding of the possible membrane and intracellular mechanisms of the development of post-surgical intestinal motility disorders.
ACID-SENSING ION CHANNELS: THE ROLE IN HIGHER ORDER BRAIN FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Kravchenko V.I. , Venhreniuk A.V. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Cherninskyi A.O. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are ionotropic receptors that generate an inward cationic current in response to a relatively rapid drop in extracellular pH. They were found in the membranes of neurons and glial cells. In the peripheral nervous system, ASICs are involved, in particular, in nociception. More intriguing is the role of these channels in the functioning of the central nervous system. They are widely expressed in brain regions involved in systemic, integrative functions. This review is devoted to the role of ASICs in the implementation of higher-order information processing like emotional regulation, fear extinction, spatial memory, and different forms of learning.