bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EnCoNet: An Ensemble-based Synthetic Speech Attribution Scheme with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Saha Utsab , Murad Md Boktiar Mahbub , Islam Tasnim Nishat , Sammya Swojan Datta , Sanam Tahsina Farah , Imtiaz Hafiz
Published: September 2024

Due to the advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, differentiating between human voice and generated voice has become a challenging problem. Addressing this problem requires a better understanding and analysis of the characteristics of natural speech and AI-generated speech. However, these characteristics can differ in real-world scenarios, where multiple sources interact together. Relying on manual feature engineering or large neural networks as a solution to this speech attribution problem is often not suitable for practical implementations. To this end, lightweight deep learning-based solutions can help identify the subliminal artifacts present in the AI-generated speech by abstract- ing away the complexities and providing end-to-end solutions for synthetic speech attribution tasks. In this work, we propose an ensemble-based synthetic speech attribution algorithm EnCoNet that employs light-weight one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural networks. Additionally, the effectiveness of a semi-supervised learning approach is demonstrated to ensure the generalization and robustness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed network is trained on the Signal Processing Cup (SP Cup) 2022 dataset. The evaluation scores in terms of accuracy of the proposed model on two weakly distorted evaluation datasets of Signal Processing Cup 2022 are 96.4% and 98.2%, respectively, whereas for the highly distorted evaluation dataset, the score is 50.87%. Additionally, the proposed model’s evaluation score on custom-made synthetic classes (from ASVspoof 2019 dataset) is 98%, which strongly indicates the robustness and generalization capabilities of the proposed approach. Finally, the results obtained using the proposed method are compared with the existing works and it outperforms them in terms of accuracy, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed ensemble-based network.
Durable and Low-cost flocculant-coated Fe-MOFs for high Fenton-like Performance
Authors: Lai Zhengbo , Huang Tao , Zhou Hualan , Wang Shengkang , Zhu Jing , Zhao Yibo , Wang Yinzhi , Liao Xiaoyuan
Published: September 2024

In this work, three kinds of Flocculant, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and Chitosan (CTS), coating Fe-MO were prepared by a coprecipitation method followed by an in situ graft copolymerization. Results of various characterization techniques indicated that flocculant materials were successfully coated on the Fe-MOF surface, and were used as heterogeneous catalyst to degrade phenol in a Fenton-like reaction. Their catalytic activity has the order of MIL-CMC > MIL-MCC > MIL-CTS > MIL-88B. Experimental results revealed that about 100% phenol could be removed in 5 min under optimal conditions. The effects of initial solution pH, H2O2 concentration and catalyst dosage on the phenol degradation, as well as the stability and reusability of the catalyst, were investigated. Compared with pristine Fe-MOFs, the flocculent-MOFs not only provides better activity but also possesses higher stabilizing ability.
Supporting parents to support children. A UK Randomised Controlled Trial testing a text-message intervention to cultivate the home learning environment [Pre-registered report].
Authors: O'Reilly Fionnuala , Loeb Susanna , Farrell Alice , Scerif Gaia
Published: September 2024

A stimulating and supportive home learning environment helps children to be cognitively and emotionally ready to learn by age 5. Despite the increased availability of parenting information, the attainment gap between rich and poor continues to widen in many developed nations. Tips by Text is a 12-month text-message programme developed in the US, and designed to integrate developmental activities into everyday tasks that parents and children do together. The messages aim to enhance language, literacy, numeracy, and socioemotional skills in 4-year-olds. The programme was adapted and tested in a large-scale randomised controlled trial involving 109 schools in England from 2019 to 2021 (n=3,600). Post-intervention data collection was impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, resulting in approximately 70% random attrition on the primary outcome measure and a final analytical sample of n=753. This sample is comparable to the US-based sample in which the efficacy of Tips by Text was originally assessed, and so we proceed with analysis. In this study, we conduct secondary data analysis to examine the effectiveness of the programme on the sample that could be obtained. We explore whether students facing various challenges, including economic and neighbourhood disadvantage, English as an additional language, special educational needs, and multiple simultaneous challenges, were differentially impacted by the programme.
Ionisation of atoms determined by kappa refinement against 3D electron diffraction data
Authors: Suresh Ashwin , Yörük Emre , Cabaj Małgorzata K. , Brázda Petr , Výborný Karel , Sedláček Ondřej , Müller Christian , Chintakindi Hrushikesh , Eigner Václav , Palatinus Lukáš
Published: September 2024

Conventional refinement strategies used for three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) data disregard the bonding effects between the atoms in a molecule by assuming a pure spherical model called the Independent Atom model (IAM) and may lead to inaccurate or biased structure. Here we show that it is possible to perform a refinement going beyond IAM with electron diffraction data. We perform kappa refinement which models charge transfers between atoms while assuming a spherical model. We demonstrate the procedure by analysing five inorganic samples; quartz, natrolite, borane, lutecium aluminium garnet, and caesium lead bromide. Implementation of the kappa refinement improved the structure model obtained over conventional IAM refinements and provided information on the ionisation of atoms. The results were validated against periodic DFT calculations. The work presents an extension of the conventional refinement of 3D ED data for a more accurate structure model which enables charge density information to be extracted.
Kiswahili Language Support For Students Science Learning Outcomes In a Multilingual Classroom In East Africa: A Case Study Of Government-Aided Secondary Schools In Western Uganda
Authors: Aja Lucy , Muhammad Tukur , Bwema Keneth , Lubega Mohammad
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the Kiswahili language support for students' science learning outcomes in a multilingual classroom in East Africa: A case study of government-aided secondary school in Western Uganda. the study was guided by three research objectives, questions, and hypotheses. The study employed an experimental research design, specifically, it employed a quasi-experimental research design. The method of data collection was a science achievement multiple choice question which is made of 60 items for students. The study has two groups, the experimental and the control group. The study's target population is all the senior four secondary school students in western Uganda and the sample size is one hundred and eighty students from the two schools randomly sampled for the study. The study data was analyzed using descriptive statistics which is used to compare the pretest and post-test scores and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at an alpha level of 0.05 level of significance. The result of the findings indicated that male students performed better than female students taught science using Kiswahili language support and there is a significant difference in the effect of Kiswahili language support on students' science learning outcomes in secondary schools. The study also shows that students who were taught science using Kiswahili language support have better learning outcomes than students who were taught using the English language and that there is a significant difference in science learning outcomes between students receiving Kiswahili language support and those who do not and finally the results indicated that Kiswahili language has a better learning outcomes in science compared to the use of English language which implies that there is no interaction between method and gender on students learning outcomes and that there is no significant interaction between methods and gender on students science learning outcomes. Based on the findings of the study, the researchers recommended that teachers should be encouraged to use Kiswahili as a support language in science instructions to improve understanding among students and also there should be further research on language support and science learning in the context of multilingual to inform policy and practice in Education.
Explorando o Ensino de Geometria Diferencial: Uma Análise do Livro de Keti Tenenblat
Authors: Paiva Ana Carla Pimentel , Alves Francisco Régis Vieira , Campos Helena Maria de Barros , Cidrão Georgyana Gomes
Published: September 2024

Esse estudo consiste em uma parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, em que foi realizada a análise de um dos principais livro-texto empregues na disciplina Geometria Diferencial, o livro analisado é intitulado “Introdução à Geometria Diferencial" de Keti Tenenblat. O objetivo da análise trata-se de investigar as abordagens pedagógicas aplicadas ao ensino dessa disciplina, utilizando a metodologia da Engenharia Didática. Investigamos a apresentação teórica dos conceitos, a estrutura dos capítulos, a utilização de exemplos práticos e exercícios, além da interdisciplinaridade com outras áreas de conhecimento. A análise buscou destacar como o livro atua na compreensão dos alunos sobre tópicos complexos, e se promove o desenvolvimento de habilidades analíticas e fomenta a aplicação do conhecimento em problemas reais. Após análises e discussões acerca da abordagem do livro constatou-se que a natureza de transmissão dos conceitos prioriza uma abordagem algébrica e sem empregar a visualização dos conceitos geométricos. Ademais este estudo busca contribuir para a discussão sobre as melhores práticas no ensino de Geometria Diferencial, oferecendo insights valiosos para educadores e estudantes.
HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY HISTIOCYTOSIS SEEMS LIKE A REAL TUMOR REVEALED BY DIABETES INSIPIDUS: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier. Morocco., Smouni M. , Aziouaz F. ,   Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier. Morocco., Guellouj S.Al ,   Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier. Morocco., Alaoui Rachidi S. ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier, Morocco., Bourkia M. ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco., Benkacem M. ,   Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier. Morocco.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The etiological diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus (DI) is difficult when initial imaging by (MRI) is inconclusive, the association with multisystem lesions should suggest a granulomatous origin.We report a case of Langerhansian histiocytosis revealed by diabetes insipidus. Observation:A 52-year-old woman was referred to our department for the management of a polyuria-polydipsia syndrome, presenting with sub mammary intertrigo, papilo-squamous lesions on the scalp, inflammatory and ulcerated perianal and vaginal lesions and oral ulcerations. The biological work-up showed hypernatremia, central hypothyroidism, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and an inflammatory syndrome.The morphological work-up showed a hypothalamic process, a cystic and micronodular pulmonary lesion, a significant peri-renal infiltration with a hairy appearance suggestive of histiocytosis.The skin biopsy concluded a Langerhans cell histiocytosis CD1a+, PS100+, CD163- The patient was treated with vinblastine and corticotherapy in association with desmopressin and levothyroxine with a good clinical evolution without recovery of the endocrine involvement. Discussion/Conclusion:Langerhansian histiocytosis is a rare systemic disease of adults. Characterized by infiltration of various organs by CD1a+ histiocytes. Diabetes insipidus, secondary to an infiltration of the post pituitary gland, is the most frequent endocrine disorder that generally precedes the other manifestations of the disease, its diagnosis requires a very meticulous etiological investigation and a regular re-evaluation in order not to miss this pathology.
LERYTHRODYSESTHESIE PALMO-PLANTAIRE ASSOCIEE A LA CAPECITABINE, EVALUATION DE LA SEVERITE CLINIQUE ET DE LIMPACT DE LINTERVENTION DERMATOLOGIQUE THERAPEUTIQUE
Authors:   Departement de Dermatologie et de Venereologie, Hopital Militaire Dinstruction Mohammed V, Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., Hanafi T. , Azhari J. El ,   Departement de Dermatologie et de Venereologie, Hopital Militaire Dinstruction Mohammed V, Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., Frikh R. ,   Departement de Dermatologie et de Venereologie, Hopital Militaire Dinstruction Mohammed V, Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., Hjira N. ,   Departement de Dermatologie et de Venereologie, Hopital Militaire Dinstruction Mohammed V, Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
Published: September 2024

Etude prospective descriptive, ciblant des patients cancereux candidats pour une chimiotherapie anti-tumorale incluant la capecitabine, afin devaluer linterÃªt de lintervention dermatologique therapeutique. En effet des mesures therapeutiques et adjuvantes lancees precocement et adequatement ont permis dameliorer le profil de tolerance de la capecitabine, evitant des adaptations du protocole, ainsi dans notre serie, seulement 06% des patients ont necessite une reduction de dose de 25% suite a une forme grave et recalcitrante derythrodysesthesie palmo-plantaire.
MOUTH SELF-EXAMINATION (MSE): EFFECTIVENESS AS A PREVENTIVE STRATEGY FOR SCREENING OF ORAL PREMALIGNANT/MALIGNANT LESIONS
Authors: Thoi Thoi Singha K. , Singh Saini Dilpreet , Kapoor Ashish , Jordan Bhutia Sonam , Padu Ligam , Chauhan Antriksh
Published: September 2024

Background: This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of Mouth Self-Examination (MSE) as a screening strategy for the early detection of Oral Premalignant/Malignant Lesions. Methods: This study collected data from 100 participants via a questionnaire-based survey who visited the Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib (India). Results: The data was examined using SPSS version 16 with a significance value of 0.05. The specificity of MSE was the highest for ulceration at 100% (P=0.445), whereas the sensitivity of MSE was 100% for bleeding, 98.9% for mouth opening, and 55.5% for white patches. Conclusion: Although the MSE technique was less sensitive in detecting oral premalignant/malignant lesions, the specificity of the MSE method was comparatively high. This demands increased efforts to educate the population regarding oral premalignant/malignant lesions to increase the efficiency and acceptance of MSE.
CONVENTIONAL VERSUS INNOVATIVE METHOD OF SEPARATE CALCIUM FEEDING IN LAYING HENS
Authors:   National High School of Agronomy and Forestry., Pitchou Prudence Adzona , J.B Bati ,   National Institute of Agronomic Research, Republic of Congo., Paul Mopoundza ,   National High School of Agronomy and Forestry., Midrack Vincy Ntsoumou ,   Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, MarienNgouabi University, Brazzaville, Po Box. 69, Republic of Congo., Mamona Lytinne Ngoma ,   National High School of Agronomy and Forestry., Aime Emmanuel Kikabou ,   National High School of Agronomy and Forestry., B.H Matsanga ,   Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo., Henri Banga-Mboko ,   National High School of Agronomy and Forestry.,   National Institute of Agronomic Research, Republic of Congo.
Published: September 2024

A specific appetite in calcium has been identified during the egg formation in laying hens therefore it is recommending to use a Separate Calcium feeding (SCF) in laying hens. The present study aimed to the. Investigate the timing in the distribution of calcium meal a cafeteria system. A conventional SCF system was compared with an Innovative SCF system. Both system was equipped with a feeder containing a diet with low-calcium (2986.44 Kcal/kg and 19.14% crude protein 0.7% and the last feeder containing CaCo2 (carbonate of calcium) In each group , a sample of 25 laying hens , 27 week-old was involved in the experiment...Laying hens in the conventional SCF group received early in the morning (7.00 AM) both feeders containing a diet with low-calcium and feeder with calcium meal whereas, in the Innovative SCF group, received diet with low calcium meal in the morning while the feeder congaing calcium meal was served in the afternoon (2 PM.). The two batches were monitored for six weeks on the variables of voluntary consumption of total food, calcium meal and egg production. The calcium feed intake in laying in the Innovative SCF was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in the conventional SCF (5.77g vs 7.08g) indicating a specific appetite in calcium during then egg formation process. Consequently, egg production was improved also significantly improved the average number of eggs laid (+4.32%), The suggested to distribute a low calcium diet in the morning and calcium meal in the afternoon, this in accordance with the physiology of laying hens during egg formation in tropical areas where the productivity of laying hens are limited by heat stress.
CARACTERISATION DES LIGNEUX SAHELIENS LE LONG DU FLEUVE LOGONE A BONGOR, TCHAD
Authors:   Laboratoire de Botanique Systematique et dEcologie Vegetale, Faculte des Sciences Exactes et Appliquees, Ecole Doctorale STE, Universite de NDjamena, B.P. 1027, NDjamena/Tchad., Fidele Tonalta Ngaryo , Betoubam Mbai-Asbe ,   Laboratoire de Botanique Systematique et dEcologie Vegetale, Faculte des Sciences Exactes et Appliquees, Ecole Doctorale STE, Universite de NDjamena, B.P. 1027, NDjamena/Tchad., Ngarnougber Chanceyambaye ,   Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Faculte deS Sciences, Universite de NGaoundere, B.P. 454, NGaoundere/Cameroun., Djekota Christophe ,   Laboratoire de Botanique Systematique et dEcologie Vegetale, Faculte des Sciences Exactes et Appliquees, Ecole Doctorale STE, Universite de NDjamena, B.P. 1027, NDjamena/Tchad., Tchobsala Daniel ,   Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Faculte deS Sciences, Universite de NGaoundere, B.P. 454, NGaoundere/Cameroun., Mapongmetsem Pierre-Marie ,   Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Faculte deS Sciences, Universite de NGaoundere, B.P. 454, NGaoundere/Cameroun.
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, Africa has experienced one of the strong variations in rainfall observed globally. The woody vegetation found along the banks of the Logon River on the outskirts of the town of Bongor is undergoing major changes due to climatic disturbance and human pressure. This study made it possible to characterize the floristic composition and the structure of this Sahelian plant formation. The experimental plan is a complete block of 6 treatments represented by the different village. In each village 5 plots were delimited and identified using stakes, i.e. total of 30 plots. The specific richness of the bank was evaluated through the floristic and dendrometric surveys and it shows 36 species divided into 20 families and 27 genera and dominated by Combretaceae and Caesalpiniaceae 11.11% each. The Nahaina (302 individuals/ha) and Sekie (299 individuals/ha) villages have a very high density compared to the Tchingofo (207 individuals/ha) and Zigui (223 individuals/ha) villages. The most represented phytogeographical types are the pantropical species in all the different growing environments 54% and the least represented are the cosmopolitan types 1%. This study presents all the species as accidental, the highest proportions of which are as follows: Balanites aegyptiaca (12.82%), Acacia hockii (11.83%) and Hyphaene thebaica (9.73%), Piliostigmareticulatum (9.53%) and Ziziphusmauritiana (8.28%).
The role of Islamic banks in promoting economic growth and financial stability: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Chiad Faycal , Gherbi Abdelhalim
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to provide a suitable empirical framework for the interaction between Islamic finance, financial stability, and economic development. Additionally, it is an attempt to empirically evaluate how the levels of financial system stability and economic growth in an oil-rich nation are affected by the financing provided by Islamic banks. The study employs the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and quantile regression (QR) based on quarterly data from 2013 to 2022. The findings indicate strong evidence that Islamic banking finance supports economic growth and improves financial system stability. Moreover, the study highlights that this positive relationship is negatively affected by inflation rates and levels of economic policy uncertainty. Financial inclusion has an important positive impact on both dependent variables, reinforcing this link. Furthermore, oil rents in Saudi Arabia (KSA) have contributed to improving economic development and supporting the financial sector’s development to achieve economic diversification as outlined in the Saudi Vision 2030. These findings confirm the necessity of paying attention to developing Islamic banking and increasing its market share by creating products and services that achieve economic efficiency in accordance with suitable policies for making the financial sector a strategic sector that supports economic development in KSA.
AcknowledgmentThis work was supported and funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) (grant number IMSIU-RPP2023024).
Impact of career development, job insecurity, and tech awareness on the quiet quitting of hospitality employees in Indonesia
Authors: Sukma Lestari Nurul , Rivai Zainal Veithzal , Chan Syafrizal , Christina Nawangsari Lenny
Published: September 2024

Employee performance is one of the main drivers for company development. However, there is an emergence of quiet quitting behavior, which many Generation Z workers experience. This behavior is detrimental to the company because it affects employee performance. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of perceptions of career development opportunities, job insecurity, and awareness of intelligent technology on quiet quitting and its correlation with work performance, especially in Generation Z in Jakarta, Indonesia. This paper adopts an explanatory research design to elucidate the causal relationships between these variables using quantitative methods. Stratified random sampling was used to ensure representative data. Questionnaires were distributed to 289 hotel employees in Jakarta, capturing diverse perspectives across various job roles and departments. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS. The results showed a significant negative relationship between perceived career development opportunities and quiet quitting behavior. A positive and significant relationship exists between job insecurity and quiet quitting behavior. The study identifies a positive correlation between awareness of smart technology and quiet quitting behavior. Additionally, the paper reveals a significant negative relationship between quiet quitting behavior and employee performance. Perceived career development opportunities significantly reduce quiet quitting behavior, while job insecurity and awareness of smart technology increase it. Quiet quitting behavior, in turn, significantly negatively impacts employee performance. Organizations can develop targeted strategies to reduce this behavior by understanding the factors influencing quiet quitting.
Oxidative ligninolytic enzymes and their role in textile dye biodegradation: a comprehensive review
Authors: Aragaw Tadele Assefa , Bogale Fekadu Mazengiaw , Tesfaye Eshet Lakew
Published: September 2024

Dye degradation mediated by oxidoreductive enzymes has been well explored in textile wastewater treatment. Ligninolytic enzymes (LEs) play key roles in the biodegradation of textile dyes. This paper aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the potentiality of LEs in textile dye biodegradation. The sources, biodegradation mechanisms, and dye removal efficiencies of LEs were discussed. Moreover, factors affecting dye biodegradation efficiency, and applications and limitations of LEs were highlighted. LEs are extracellular protein complexes that have a synergetic effect on dye biodegradation and can remove up to 99% of the dye using one or more LEs over wide pH and temperature ranges. Laccase is a highly explored and examined enzyme compared to lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) for dye biodegradation. Although extensive research has been conducted on fungal laccases, it is worth noting that bacterial laccases exhibit unique properties, such as stability at elevated temperatures and alkaline pH, which are not typically observed in fungal laccases, making them an ideal candidate for the treatment of textile wastewater. Further research on the optimization of experimental conditions is required to improve the dye biodegradation efficiency of these enzymes. It is also crucial for improving biodegradation capabilities using recombinant DNA technology.
Resource recovery of water treatment plant sludge and river sediment as phosphorus removal material: feasibility and mechanisms
Authors: Lin Jinhuang , Zou Jing , Zhuang Lining , Jin Hongyi , Liao Xiaobin , Cao Wei , Li Fei , Zhou Zhenming
Published: September 2024

Excessive phosphorus is a critical contributor to eutrophication, necessitating the use of substantial amounts of phosphorus removal materials. To address the challenge of managing water treatment plant sludge and river sediment while also supplying mass-produced phosphorus-removing materials for projects targeting phosphorus removal in water bodies, this paper attempted to study the feasibility of preparing phosphorus removal materials by mixing and calcining water treatment plant sludge and river sediment (C-WTPS/RS). The study examined the transformation of phosphorus forms in C-WTPS/RS before and after adsorption. Furthermore, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, zeta potential, scanning electron microscope, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation, Barrett–Joyner–Halenda model, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the phosphorus removal mechanisms. The results showed that C-WTPS/RS was effective in removing phosphorus from water and preventing the release of phosphorus from the sediment. Additionally, C-WTPS/RS had a low risk of releasing phosphorus and metals within the pH range of natural water bodies. These proved that it is feasible to remove phosphorus by C-WTPS/RS. After adsorption, the increased phosphorus in C-WTPS/RS was mainly dominated by the non-apatite inorganic phosphorus within inorganic phosphorus. The main phosphorus removal mechanisms of C-WTPS/RS were physical adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, chemical precipitation, and ligand exchange.
Polygonum hydropiper Leaves have More Medicinal Value than Stems: Based on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Wang Meiran , Hou Wencheng , Jiang Zixiao , Zhuang Zhong , Liu Weirui , Liu Yangyang
Published: September 2024

Background:

Polygonum hydropiper, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, contains
abundant volatile components and effective ingredients such as flavonoids, exerting antiinflammatory,
antioxidant and antibacterial effects. The pharmacologically active components are
differentially distributed in different parts of P. hydropiper. Leaf loss commonly occurs during the
processing of medicinal and edible products.

Methods:

In the present study, the total flavonoid content and DPPH antioxidant activity of the stems
and leaves of P. hydropiper were compared and analyzed. A method for determining the content of
six antioxidant-active components in P. hydropiper stems and leaves was established based on highperformance
liquid chromatography. Simultaneously, the contents of volatile compounds in stems
and leaves were determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and the compositional
differences between stem and leaf extracts of P. hydropiper were analyzed.
This study aims to develop and validate an analytical method based on combined HPLC and GC-MS
analysis of the constituents of P. hydropiper, and to compare the differences in constituents in different
tissues of P. hydropiper using the method.

objective:

Explore the differences in pharmacodynamic components and content of different tissue sites, and clarify the site of concentration of pharmacodynamic substances.

Results:

The average total flavonoid content in the leaves of the eight batches of P. hydropiper was
0.4 mg/mL, while the average total flavonoid content in the stems was 0.3 mg/mL. The average
DPPH scavenging rate of the leaves in the eight batches of P. hydropiper was 99.35%, while the
average DPPH scavenging rate of the stems was 98.88%. According to the results of the HPLC assay,
the content of flavonoids is significantly higher in leaves than in stems. Kaempferol was not
detected in stem samples from various batches. The highest percentage of terpenoids was found in
the leaves by GC-MS assay.

Conclusion:

The medicinal components were concentrated in the leaves of P. hydropiper, which
could contribute to cost savings, increase production efficiency, and promote the development of the
P. hydropiper industry.
Ciprofloxacin’s Structure Causing Fluoride-Related Toxicity: A Case Report
Authors: Silva Bidu Nadielle , Trinchão Costa Silvana , David Couto Ricardo , Jose Dumêt Fernandes Bruno
Published: September 2024

Background:

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic widely used in clinical
practice with a fluorine atom in its chemical structure. Like other antibiotics, it can induce several
adverse effects, such as tendinopathy, musculoskeletal toxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and
cardiotoxicity, thereby causing relevant and irreversible health injuries. Ciprofloxacin fluoride's
adverse toxicological effect associated with a urinary fluoride concentration above the reference
value has not yet been reported.

Objective:

This case report aimed to provide evidence of ciprofloxacin treatment intoxication, an
antibiotic containing a fluorine atom in its chemical structure, associated with a fluoride urine
concentration above the reference value.

Case Presentation:

A 32-year-old man developed tendinopathy and peripheral neuropathy on
the third day’s night after initiating the ciprofloxacin doses, exhibiting symptoms comparable to
a low-power electrical discharge and very intense motor agitation. After following habitual laboratory
exams, a urinary fluoride measurement was performed by an ion-selective electrode.
The urinary fluoride concentration was above the reference values in mg/g of creatinine.

Conclusion:

This is the first study that has described an association among ciprofloxacinfluoride,
tendinopathies, and peripheral neuropathy. The patient's symptomatology has suggested
a toxic effect related to fluoride. We consider the documented finding of a fluorine atom at the
ciprofloxacin structure and its toxic potential neuropathies and tendinopathies as an issue of
alert.
Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis Mechanism and Biomarkers
Authors: Arya Ashwani , Dhall Manish , Mittal Vineet , Kaushik Deepak , Mudgal Priya , Kumar Tarun , Pandey Manisha , Kadian Renu , Sharma Prerna , Rani Nidhi , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: September 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an unceasing, demyelinating, idiopathic inflammatory, and
neurodegenerative disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS.) The disease is characterized by
the occurrence of neurological symptoms over a period of days to weeks, abide by partial or absolute
diminutions of various durations.
In this review, a concise outline on disease activity and progression of MS, pathogenesis with the
special prominence on the biomarkers for the MS as therapeutic targets has been discussed by carrying
out a comprehensive literature survey employing chief websites and search engines for investigation.
Cortical inflammation, neurodegeneration, demyelination, axonal injury, axonal loss,
oligodendrocytes, mitochondrial dysfunction, microglia activation, oxidative and nitrosative stress
are the pathological hallmarks of the MS. CNS neurofilaments, chitinase and chitinase 3-like proteins,
soluble circulating form (sCD163), Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), immunoglobulin M,
MicroRNA (miRNA) and messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA), Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),
serum osteopontin, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2 α), apo-Lipoprotein E and myelinreactive
T cells are some of the therapeutically valuable biomarkers for such multifarious disorder.
MS is one of the chronic neurodegenerative diseases with undefined etiology. The study of the
pathophysiology of the disease and the involvement of certain biomarkers can help identify new
targets for therapeutic intercession, identify individuals at risk of developing the disease later in
life, and allow more effective treatment of progressive diseases such as MS.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Fenugreek on the Quantity of Breast Milk and the Level of Prolactin in Mothers of Preterm Newborns: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Rouhi Mahsa , Hossieni Mohammad Bagher , Khodaie Laleh , Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Sakineh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Breast milk is the preferred source of nutrition for premature infants.
Galactagogues are used in initiation, induction, and maintenance of lactation. This study examined
the effectiveness of fenugreek on prolactin levels and milk volume (primary outcomes), neonatal
weight gain, breastfeeding satisfaction, and side effects (secondary outcomes).

Methods:

This triple-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 68 mothers with preterm
newborns less than 32 weeks in Al-Zahra and Taleghani hospitals in Tabriz-Iran. Participants
were randomly allocated into fenugreek and placebo groups. About 500 mg of fenugreek and
placebo capsules were administered to the participants three times a day, from the fifth day after
delivery to the 14th day. Breast milk volume was measured on the fourth day after delivery (one
day before the intervention), the seventh day, and the fifteenth day after the intervention. Prolactin
levels were measured in the morning before and after the intervention.

Results:

On the seventh day of the intervention, milk volume was significantly higher in the fenugreek
group than in the placebo group (p =0.017). Nevertheless, no statistically significant difference
was observed between groups in milk volume (p =0.073) and prolactin level (p =0.324) on
day 15. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was observed between groups regarding
newborn weight after intervention (p =0.172) or satisfaction with breastfeeding (p =0.484). None
of the participants reported any side effects.

Conclusions:

Fenugreek increases milk volume but has no significant effect on prolactin levels.
Further trials with larger sample sizes should be performed to obtain conclusive results.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:

IRCT20120718010324N62.
Forty-one Cytokine Profile and Interferon-I Score in Juvenile Dermatomyositis: A Case Series Study
Authors: Raupov Rinat K. , Suspitsin Evgeny N. , Sorokina Lubov S. , Zaikova Ekaterina K. , Kalinina Olga V. , Kostik Mikhail M.
Published: September 2024

Aim:

To analyze a broad spectrum of cytokine in the serum of patients with JDM.

Background:

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common subtype of idiopathic inflammatory
myopathies characterized by muscle and skin involvement. The etiology of JDM is unclear.
A variety of cytokines play a role in the pathogenesis of JDM. Interferons, galectin-9, CLCX10,
and neopterin are the most promising biomarkers.

Objective:

This study describes the associations between clinical symptoms, cytokine, and interferon
profiles in children with JDM.

Materials and Methods:

Ten patients (6 girls and 4 boys) with JDM were included in the study.
The clinical symptoms, disease activity (CMAS, CAT), laboratory parameters, and treatment were
assessed. Forty-one cytokines levels and IFN-I scores in the serum were measured. The levels of
cytokines were compared with a group of healthy controls (n=25).

Results:

Significant differences were observed in 21 of 41 analyzed cytokines between JDM patients
and healthy controls. Patients with active disease (n=8) have higher levels of fractalkine (p
= 0.036), IFNa (p = 0.037), IFNg (p = 0.037), GRO (p = 0.037), IL-10 (p = 0.037), IL-12p40 (p =
0.037), IL-12p70 (p = 0.048), IL-17a (p = 0.048), IL-1RA (p = 0.037), IL-1a (p = 0.037), compared
to patients with inactive disease (n=2). A strong positive association was found between
aCAT activity and eotaxin (r=0.753, p =0.012), GRO (r=0.735, p =0.015), IP-10 (r=0.805, p
=0.005), and MCP-1 (r=0.734, p =0.016). A strong negative correlation association was observed
between CMAS and eotaxin (r= -0.714, p =0.020), GRO (r= -0.727, p =0.017), IL-10 (r= -0.786, p
=0.007), IP-10 (r= - 0.719, p =0.019), and MCP-1 (r= -0.800, p =0.005). IFN-I scores showed a
positive correlation with IFNa (r=0.790, p =0.007), GRO (r=0.736, p =0.015) and IL-1RA
(r=0.930, p <0.001).

Conclusion:

Among the spectrum of 41 cytokines, GRO, eotaxin, IP-10, and MCP-1 have shown
the strongest association with JDM activity.
Navigating Market Turbulence: Exploring Banking Sector Volatility Amidst COVID-19
Authors: Lamba Jonika , Jain Esha , Banerji Priyanka
Published: September 2024

The objective of the study was to study the volatility in the banking industry during COVID-19 by employing the technical barometer Relative Strength Index. The secondary data was extracted from the official websites of the National Stock Exchange for the period 1st January, 2020 to 30th September, 2022. The top 5 banks of Bank Nifty Index were undertaken for the analysis purpose and it was found that the maximum average return was witnessed by SBI Bank during the period of study. The returns of HDFC Bank, AXIS Bank, SBI Bank and Kotak Bank were fairly symmetrical as their values lies between -0.5 and 0.5. The returns of ICICI bank were moderately skewed as the value is -0.78. The high values of the excess kurtosis indicates that returns are heavily peaked and possesses thick tails as the values among all banks is greater than 1. The median return is highest in case of ICICI Bank and lowest in case of HDFC Bank. It was further witnessed that in the year 2020, due to COVID-19, the stock prices declined measurably and entered the oversold zone with RSI value of 18.98 on 24th March, 2020. Thereafter, there were continuous ups and downs in stock prices due to panic and unrest during the pandemic phase. The chart of Bank Nifty index was normal and there were many occasions when it appeared bullish and bearish to investors. Due to the change in behaviour of the individual investors there was panic buying and selling in the market.
Determining the Inter-Relationship between Key Drivers of Fin-Tech Adoption Among Women Entrepreneurs in India
Authors: Chauhan Shalu , Sharma Deergha
Published: September 2024

With a population of over 1.4 billion, nearly 48% of whom are women, India is the most populous nation on earth. These days, women are contributing significantly to each of the three economic areas. Despite making up 48% of the population, just 18% of the GDP is contributed by Indian women, according to a National Family Health Survey report. Nevertheless, women barely run 14% of Indian companies at this moment. According to the most recent census, 8.05 million (13.76%) of India’s women are entrepreneurs out of 58.5 million women. Amid the increasing number of start-ups, India is emerging as a global leader in entrepreneurial endeavours, mostly due to the noteworthy contribution of female entrepreneurs. India’s startup ecosystem has transformed, which is a testament to the tenacity and diligence of the women who are rewriting the nation’s entrepreneurial history. Fin-tech start-ups in India have made it easier for women to access financial resources while educating them about money management. Despite India’s booming fin-tech industry, a gender gap persists in its adoption by women entrepreneurs. This research paper aims at establishing the inter-relationship between the key drivers influencing fin-tech use among women entrepreneurs in India. The paper discusses how factors like Financial Literacy, Financial Access, Socio-Cultural Factors, Regulatory Factors, Technology Factors and Psychological Factors affect women entrepreneurs’ decisions to adopt fin-tech solutions. It offers suggestions to policymakers and the government for addressing the financing gap for female entrepreneurs.
Perspectives and Experiences on eHealth Solutions for Coping With Chronic Pain: Qualitative Study Among Older People Living With Chronic Pain
Authors: De Lucia Annalisa , Donisi Valeria , Pasini Ilenia , Polati Enrico , Del Piccolo Lidia , Schweiger Vittorio , Perlini Cinzia
Published: September 2024

Background

Chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) is a major health issue among the older population, affecting multiple aspects of individual functioning. Recently, the use of eHealth solutions has been proposed in supporting chronic pain self-management even among older adults, although some barriers have emerged. Few qualitative studies, with none conducted in Mediterranean countries, have explored older people’s experiences and perceptions regarding the types of strategies used to cope with chronic pain and eHealth tools for chronic pain management.

Objective

This study’s objectives were to explore the perspectives and experiences of older adults regarding the coping strategies used to manage chronic pain, the use of digital technologies in everyday life, and the potentiality and barriers in using those technologies for health and pain management.

Methods

A multimethod approach (ie, self-report questionnaires and a semistructured interview) has been adopted targeting older adults (ie, those who are aged 65 to 80 years and presenting different types of CNCP) who are attending a pain therapy center in Italy. Qualitative answers were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Overall, participants reported using a variety of pain coping strategies; however, they showed an attitude of resignation to their CNCP condition. Nearly 70% (12/18) of the interviewees referred to using digital technologies for purposes related to health and pain management, mostly involving very basic management activities. The participants’ opinions on the useful functions that need to be incorporated in eHealth tools for chronic pain management have been categorized into four themes: (1) specific pain self-management skills, (2) support in organizing various health-related aspects, (3) sharing experiences with others, and (4) increasing pain-related personal knowledge. Conversely, the following potential barriers to adopting eHealth tools emerged: (1) computer illiteracy, (2) negative effects or risks, (3) impersonal interaction, and (4) physical limitations.

Conclusions

The use of eHealth solutions still seems low, often being accompanied by a perceived lack of digital skills or attitude among a sample of older adults from Italy with CNCP. Before introducing innovative eHealth solutions, it would be of primary importance to take action to enhance, on the one hand, self-efficacy in pain management and, on the other, the digital literacy level among older people.
The Use of Mobile Health Care Among Medical Professionals in the Sichuan-Chongqing Region: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Tang Yan , Yang Juan , Wang Ni , Wang Xin , Hu Wenli
Published: September 2024

Background

The emergence and integration of mobile health care technology have fundamentally transformed the health care industry, providing unprecedented opportunities to improve health care services and professional practice. Despite its immense potential, the adoption of mobile health care technology among health care professionals remains uneven, particularly in resource-limited regions.

Objective

This study aims to explore the use and influencing factors of mobile health care among health care professionals in the Sichuan-Chongqing region of China and make recommendations.

Methods

Convenience sampling was used in a cross-sectional study conducted from November 8 to November 14, 2023, to survey frontline clinical health care professionals at 5 district-level secondary public hospitals in the Sichuan-Chongqing region. A web-based questionnaire was used to investigate the use of mobile health care and its influencing factors among the participants. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis were used in the study.

Results

A total of 550 valid questionnaires were completed. Among the surveyed health care professionals, only 18.7% (103/550) used mobile health care, with a satisfaction rate of only 50.5% (52/103). Around 81.3% (447/550) did not use any form of mobile health care. The age group of 30‐39 years was found to be a significant factor influencing the use of mobile health care by health care professionals (P=.03). The main reasons for not using mobile health care among health care professionals were lack of appropriate technical training and support (266/447, 59.5%), lack of suitable management-specific apps (204/447, 45.6%), and concerns about increased workload (180/447, 40.3%). There were significant differences in the single-factor analysis of the reasons for the nonuse of mobile health care among health care professionals from different specialties (P=.04). Logistic regression analysis indicated that age was the only significant factor influencing the use of mobile health care by health care professionals (P=.04).

Conclusions

The utilization rate of mobile health care among health care professionals in the Sichuan-Chongqing region is low. Age is a significant factor that influences whether health care professionals use mobile health care. Providing appropriate technical training and support may help improve the enthusiasm of health care professionals in using mobile health care.