bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of Gam-COVID-Vac, an Adv5/Adv26 COVID-19 vaccine, on the biomarkers of endothelial function, coagulation and platelet activation
Authors: Turmukhambetova Anar , Yegorov Sergey , Korshukov Ilya , Barkhanskaya Valentina , Kolesnichenko Svetlana , Klyuyev Dmitriy , Zhumadilova Zhibek , Pralieva Aruzhan , Absaghit Laylim , Belyaev Ruslan , Babenko Dmitriy , Hortelano Gonzalo H. , Miller Matthew S. , Vazenmiller Dmitriy , Kadyrova Irina
Published: October 2023

COVID-19 vaccines have played a critical role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Although overall considered safe, COVID-19 vaccination has been associated with rare but severe thrombotic events, occurring mainly in the context of adenoviral vectored vaccines. A better understanding of mechanisms underlying vaccine-induced hypercoagulability and prothrombotic state is needed to improve vaccine safety profile. We assessed changes to the biomarkers of endothelial function (endothelin, ET-1), coagulation (thrombomodulin, THBD and plasminogen activator inhibitor, PAI) and platelet activation (platelet activating factor, PAF, and platelet factor 4 IgG antibody, PF4 IgG) within a three-week period after the first (prime) and second (boost) doses of Gam-Covid-Vac, an AdV5/AdV26-vectored COVID-19 vaccine. Blood plasma collected from vaccinees (n = 58) was assayed using ELISA assays. Participants were stratified by prior COVID-19 exposure based on their baseline SARS-CoV-2-specific serology results. We observed a significant post-prime increase in circulating ET-1, with levels sustained after the boost dose compared to baseline. ET-1 elevation following dose 2 was most pronounced in vaccinees without prior COVID-19 exposure. Prior COVID-19 was also associated with a mild increase in post-dose 1 PAI. Vaccination was associated with elevated ET-1 up to day 21 after the second vaccine dose, while no marked alterations to other biomarkers, including PF4 IgG, were seen. A role of persistent endothelial activation following COVID-19 vaccination warrants further investigation.
New insights on Celtic migration in Hungary and Italy through the analysis of non-metric dental traits
Authors: Piccirilli Erica , Sorrentino Rita , Lugli Federico , Bortolini Eugenio , Silvestrini Sara , Cavazzuti Claudio , Conti Sara , Czifra Szabolcs , Gyenesei Katalin , Köhler Kitti , Tankó Károly , Vazzana Antonino , Jerem Erzsébet , Cipriani Anna , Gottarelli Antonio , Belcastro Maria Giovanna , Hajdu Tamás , Benazzi Stefano
Published: October 2023

The Iron Age is characterized by an extended interweaving of movements by Celts in Europe. Several waves of Celts from Western and Central Europe migrated southeast and west from the core area of the La Téne culture (between Bourgogne and Bohemia). Through the analysis of non-metric dental traits, this work aims to understand the biological relationship among Celtic groups arrived in Italy and the Carpathian Basin, as well as between local populations and Celtic newcomers. A total of 10 non-metric dental traits were analyzed to evaluate biological affinities among Celts (Sopron-Krautacker and Pilismarót-Basaharc) and Scythians-related populations from Hungary (Tápiószele), Celts from continental Europe (Switzerland and Austria), two Iron Age Etruscan-Celtic sites from northern Italy (Monterenzio Vecchio and Monte Bibele), 13 Iron Age central-southern Italic necropolises, and the northern Italian Bronze Age necropolis of Scalvinetto. Strontium isotopes were measured on individuals from the necropolis of Monte Bibele to infer their local or non-local origin. Results highlight the existence of statistically significant differences between Celts and autochthonous Italian groups. Celtic groups from Hungary and Italy (i.e., non-local individuals of Monterenzio Vecchio and Monte Bibele) share a similar biological background, supporting the historical records mentioning a common origin for Celts migrated to the eastern and southern borders of today’s Europe. The presence of a supposed Steppean ancestry both in Celts from Hungary and Celts from northern Italy corroborates the hypothesis of the existence of a westward migration of individuals and genes from the Steppe towards northern Italy during the Bronze and Iron Age, which contributed to the biological variability of pre-Celtic and later Celtic populations, respectively. Conversely, individuals from central-southern Italy show an autochthonous pre-Iron Age background. Lastly, this work supports the existence of Celtic migratory routes in northern Italy, as shown by biological and cultural admixture between Celts and Italics living together.
Machine learning with optimization to create medicine intake schedules for Parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Gutowski Tomasz , Antkiewicz Ryszard , Szlufik Stanisław
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a solution for creating individualized medicine intake schedules for Parkinson’s disease patients. Dosing medicine in Parkinson’s disease is a difficult and a time-consuming task and wrongly assigned therapy affects patient’s quality of life making the disease more uncomfortable. The method presented in this paper may decrease errors in therapy and time required to establish a suitable medicine intake schedule by using objective measures to predict patient’s response to medication. Firstly, it demonstrates the use of machine learning models to predict the patient’s medicine response based on their state evaluation acquired during examination with biomedical sensors. Two architectures, a multilayer perceptron and a deep neural network with LSTM cells are proposed to evaluate the patient’s future state based on their past condition and medication history, with the best patient-specific models achieving R2 value exceeding 0.96. These models serve as a foundation for conventional optimization, specifically genetic algorithm and differential evolution. These methods are applied to find optimal medicine intake schedules for patient’s daily routine, resulting in a 7% reduction in the objective function value compared to existing approaches. To achieve this goal and be able to adapt the schedule during the day, reinforcement learning is also utilized. An agent is trained to suggest medicine doses that maintain the patient in an optimal state. The conducted experiments demonstrate that machine learning models can effectively model a patient’s response to medication and both optimization approaches prove capable of finding optimal medicine schedules for patients. With further training on larger datasets from real patients the method has the potential to significantly improve the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
Establishment and validation of intravenous anesthesia with dexmedetomidine for pigs under assisted spontaneous breathing: A preclinical model of intensive care conditions
Authors: Wenzel Christin , Spassov Sashko G. , Haberstroh Jörg , Spaeth Johannes , Schumann Stefan , Schmidt Johannes
Published: October 2023

Large animal models are frequently used to investigate new medical approaches. In most cases, animals are kept under general anesthesia and mandatory mechanical ventilation during the experiments. However, in some situations assisted spontaneous breathing is essential, e.g. when simulating conditions in a modern intensive care unit. Therefore, we established an anesthesia regime with dexmedetomidine and midazolam/ketamine in porcine models of assisted spontaneous breathing. The total intravenous anesthesia was used in lung healthy pigs, in pigs with oleic acid induced acute respiratory distress syndrome and in pigs with methacholine induced bronchopulmonary obstruction. We were able to maintain stable conditions of assisted spontaneous breathing without impairment of hemodynamic, respiratory or blood gas variables in lung healthy pigs and pigs with induced acute respiratory distress syndrome for a period of five hours and in pigs with induced bronchopulmonary obstruction for three hours. Total intravenous anesthesia containing dexmedetomidine enables stable conditions of assisted spontaneous breathing in healthy pigs, in pigs with induced acute respiratory distress syndrome and in pigs induced bronchopulmonary obstruction as models of intensive care unit conditions.
Las migraciones climáticas en América Latina y protección internacional a los desplazados climáticos
Authors: Mijangos Aguilera Melisa
Published: October 2023

El cambio climático está afectando las formas de vida y sustento de individuos y comunidades enteras alrededor del mundo —principalmente en las regiones del Sur global—, provocando múltiples problemáticas sociales que muchas veces dan como resultado desplazamientos humanos internos o transfronterizos. En este sentido, las migraciones climáticas se están configurando como una de las respuestas a la crisis climática y a la degradación medioambiental. Debido a diversos factores, América Latina es una de las regiones más vulnerables y expuestas a las migraciones climáticas. Por tanto, la creación de mecanismos que fomenten la cooperación y garanticen la protección de las personas que se ven forzadas a desplazarse por estos motivos representan uno de los retos más importantes en la actualidad. El objetivo del presente artículo es explicar a grandes rasgos la problemática de las migraciones climáticas en América Latina; identificar cuáles son las dificultades para la regulación de las migraciones climáticas y para la protección jurídica de los desplazados climáticos, y describir los avances que se han tenido en el Derecho Internacional, así como los instrumentos jurídicos y normativos existentes en la materia a nivel regional.
Processo de autossegregação, dinâmicas imobiliàrias e agentes econômicos: uma anàlise do caso de Birigui, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Marques da Silva Augusto
Published: October 2023

Este artigo tem como proposta apresentar alguns dos resultados obtidos por meio da investigação acerca da produção de espaços para autossegregação na Aglomeração Urbana de Araçatuba, composta pelos municípios de Araçatuba, Birigui e Guararapes. O objetivo aqui proposto é promover um recorte de análise, enfocando o caso de Birigui e buscando compreender como ocorre o processo de autossegregação na cidade, bem como apresentar as empresas incorporadoras atuantes no mercado imobiliário local, suas articulações com o poder público municipal e seu papel na produção do espaço urbano. São empresas majoritariamente locais, sediadas na própria cidade e que estabelecem parcerias com proprietários fundiários e empresas de outros ramos da economia. A atuação do capital incorporador se intensificou principalmente a partir da década de 2000, ampliando de forma significativa o número de espaços residenciais fechados e intensificando o processo de autossegregação. Os interesses que orientam suas ações são, em grande medida, atendidos pelo poder público local e, portanto, pode-se afirmar que o capital incorporador assume papel de destaque no processo de produção do espaço urbano.
Szabaduljunk ki együtt!
Authors: Kiss Orsolya
Published: October 2023

A kutatás elméleti hátteréül a gamification, a motiváció, a flow és
a szabadulószoba fogalmai szolgálnak. A dolgozat megírásával kettős célt
vállaltam. Egyrészt módszertani kísérletként létre kívántam hozni egy, a
pedagógiai gyakorlatban is alkalmazható szabadulószobát, amellyel sikeresen
szintetizálható egy általános iskolai kötelező olvasmány; másrészt a
játékosításról szóló tudományos diskurzust kívántam kiegészíteni a
szabadulószoba módszertanának ismertetésével, illetve az oktatási
környezetben eddig megvalósult szabadulószobás projektek bemutatásával. Az
empirikus kutatásban a projektpedagógia és a kérdőíves kutatások
eljárásmenetét ötvöztem. Eredményeim szerint a feladatlap második
kitöltésekor az elvártaknak megfelelően szignifikáns teljesítménynövekedés
mutatkozott az összpontszám tekintetében és bizonyos részfeladatok esetében
is. A tanulók számára élvezetes tevékenységet nyújtott a szabadulószobás
foglalkozás. Bár a gyerekek a legtöbb esetben valóban a teljesen vagy a
közepesen megélt flowt jelölték meg, de a másik két kategória is megjelent
a kitöltés során. A kapott eredmények alapján a szabadulószoba alkalmas
Molnár Ferenc A Pál utcai fiúk című regényének szintetizálására. Továbbá
élvezetes időtöltést nyújtott a szabaduló gyerekek számára.
The possibility of electrification in public transport bus services
Authors: Kruchina Vince
Published: October 2023

From Shenzhen to Philadelphia and Izmir to Delhi, public bus operators around the world are increasingly using electric buses. Their choice is not only justified by support for the green transition or the reduction of background traffic noise:  economic calculations regarding the entire life cycle cost also support the need for technological change. The article points out that the inclusion of electric vehicles in the service requires a complex approach and can bring a revolutionary change in our operation. The transport company can become a community service provider that occasionally provides balancing energy for energy supply systems (Vehicle-to-grid, i.e. V2G) or provides a virtual power plant service to the operators of photovoltaic power plants. The bus company can become a producer with independent network power generation capacity, which can sell the excess capacity it produces on the market to the owners of electric cars. The article presents the operating model that connects the transport, energy and battery industrial systems. Last but not least, batteries that have lost their capacity but are still usable can be resold for “storage” or other secondary purposes, even as uninterruptible power supplies. In order to implement the operation according to the model, Volánbusz Zrt. started building its data-driven ecosystem, which enables cost-optimized operation based on the data of an ever-growing electric bus fleet and the solutions of Industry 4.0 technology.
IMPLEMENTASI PENERBITAN KTP ELEKTRONIK BAGI WARGA NEGARA ASING DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Azhari Ardiansyah Rizal , Susanto Sri Nur Hari , Juliani Henny
Published: October 2023

Administrasi kependudukan merupakan rangkaian kegiatan penataan dan penertiban dalam penerbitan dokumen dan data kependudukan melalui pendaftaran penduduk, pencatatan sipil, pengelolaan informasi administrasi kependudukan serta pemanfaatannya. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah melakukan identifikasi dan analisis terhadap prosedur dalam pemberian izin tinggal bagi warga negara asing, implementasi penerbitan KTP Elektronik bagi warga negara asing, serta hambatan yang ditemui dan solusi dalam penerbitan KTP Elektronik bagi warga negara asing di Kota Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris dengan menerapkan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah jenis data primer dari wawancara serta menggunakan data sekunder dari studi kepustakaan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah  persyaratan dan prosedur yang mengatur dalam pemberian izin tinggal bagi warga negara asing, implementasi dari penerbitan KTP-el bagi warga negara asing, dan apa saja faktor hambatan dan kendala yang ditemui dalam penerbitan KTP-el bagi warga negara asing di kota Semarang.
Czy autokorelacja przestrzenna ma znaczenie w kontekście planowania i oceny zrównoważonego rozwoju regionalnego?
Authors: Griffith Daniel A.
Published: October 2023

Dążenie do osiągnięcia różnych wymiarów zrównoważonego rozwoju zobowiązuje władze społeczne do zaangażowania się w bardziej gruntowne monitorowanie zbiorowej podaży i popytu, m.in. w sferze ekonomicznej, szczególnie w kontekście geograficznym. W rezultacie, nakłady i wydajność na które ma to wpływ, jak również zasoby/towary/usługi do wykorzystania oraz generowane odpady, które występują i są oznaczone pośrednio lub bezpośrednio w przestrzeni geograficznej, są wyraźnymi nośnikami autokorelacji przestrzennej. Wykorzystanie tej prawie wszechobecnej właściwości danych georeferencyjnych pociąga za sobą możliwość wspierania wydajnych i skutecznych przedsięwzięć w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju. Losowy dobór próby metodą tesalacji warstwowej w celu monitorowania zanieczyszczenia środowiska nawiązuje do jednego z przykładów tego twierdzenia. Artykuł ilustruje ten przykład poprzez analizę jakości powietrza w Polsce w 2023 roku. W ten sposób struktura oparta na wyidealizowanych tesalacjach zostaje przełożona na strukturę polskich okręgów administracyjnych; to przekształcenie metodologiczne umożliwia organizacjom rządowym uczestniczenie w każdym planowanym monitorowaniu oraz jego nadzorowaniu bez dodatkowych komplikacji prawnych. Przypadkowe odkrycia naukowe obejmują wstępne rozszerzenie zbioru standardowych kształtów wielokątów (np. kwadratów i sześciokątów) o trapezy w celu pobrania próbek przestrzennych oraz ewentualność, że wpływ autokorelacji przestrzennej na statystyki oparte na projektach może mieć znaczną przewagę nad naruszeniem konwencjonalnego przykazania zrównoważonego losowego pobierania próbek. Wniosek jaki się nasuwa w trakcie analiz streszczonych w niniejszej publikacji dowodzi, że autokorelacja przestrzenna ma znaczenie w planowaniu i ocenie zrównoważonego rozwoju regionalnego.
Zmiany nierówności przestrzennych dochodów w Polsce na poziomie lokalnym w latach 2004–2021
Authors: Perdał Robert , Burchardt Martyna
Published: October 2023

Celem artykułu jest analiza zmian poziomu nierówności dochodów osobistych ludności w Polsce, w układach między- i wewnątrzregionalnych w latach 2004– 2021, m.in. w świetle miar nierówności bazujących na statystyce entropii i indeksie Giniego. W pracy podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: jak zmieniał się poziom nierówności wewnątrz- i międzyregionalnych w Polsce w latach 2004–2021 w świetle wartości wskaźnika dochodów osobistych ludności, w jakim stopniu nierówności na poziomie lokalnym wpływają na ogólny poziom nierówności dochodowych w Polsce oraz jakie prawidłowości występują w zakresie zmienności rozkładu przestrzennego nierówności dochodowych w Polsce. W toku postępowania badawczego wykazano, że w badanym okresie poziom nierówności dochodowych w Polsce uległ zmniejszeniu. Nierówności wewnątrzregionalne w większym stopniu kształtują poziom nierówności niż nierówności międzyregionalne. Wśród województw o najwyższym poziomie nierówności są mazowieckie i małopolskie, a o najniższym – opolskie i zachodniopomorskie. W większości województw znacznie szybsze tempo wzrostu dochodów osobistych ludności obserwowano w gminach o relatywnie najniższych dochodach.
Dostępność społeczna warsztatów terapii zajęciowej w Polsce
Authors: Polna Małgorzata , Hoffmann Robert
Published: October 2023

Celem artykułu jest określenie zróżnicowania przestrzennego dostępności społecznej warsztatów terapii zajęciowej w Polsce w latach 2012 i 2021. W pracy postawiono pytanie badawcze: czy istnieje zależność pomiędzy powiatowymi zasobami warsztatów terapii zajęciowej a ich rozmieszczeniem w Polsce? Jako zmienną do badań przyjęto wskaźnik dostępności mierzony liczbą warsztatów terapii zajęciowej przypadających na 10 tys. osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Badanie prowadzono na poziomie krajowym, wojewódzkim i w układzie powiatowym. W pracy wykorzystano metodę autokorelacji przestrzennej. Wykazano, że wskaźnik dostępności społecznej warsztatów terapii zajęciowej charakteryzuje się zróżnicowaniem zarówno na poziomie województw, jak i powiatów, co oznacza nierównomierną dostępność do tych placówek. Z badań wynika, że współczynniki autokorelacji przestrzennej poziomu dostępności społecznej warsztatów terapii zajęciowej były stabilne. W badanych latach występowały tendencje do skupiania się powiatów o podobnej dostępności do warsztatów terapii zajęciowej, a rozmieszczenie i zasięg klastrów wysokich i niskich wartości uległy niewielkim zmianom. Wyniki badań mogą być przydatne dla władz samorządowych i innych podmiotów przy typowaniu i podejmowaniu decyzji o lokalizacji nowych warsztatów terapii zajęciowej.
Film and place in an intercultural perspective India-Europe film connections
Authors: RRPR Redakcja czasopisma
Published: October 2023

Książka „Film and place in an intercultural perspective: India-Europe film connections” przedstawia złożone relacje między filmem a miejscem i przestrzenią w perspektywie międzykulturowej, posługując się do tego analizą powiązań filmowych między Indiami a Europą. Indyjski przemysł filmowy wytwarza ponad 1500 filmów rocznie, a po roku 2000 stał się globalnym fenomenem, wykraczającym daleko poza granice Indii i Azji Południowej. Ekspansja ta doprowadziła do zainteresowania Europą przez indyjskich filmowców, którzy zaczęli poszukiwać coraz bardziej egzotycznych dla nich lokalizacji filmowych. Dlatego też książka opisuje i wyjaśnia rolę, jaką film (jako zjawisko kulturowe) oraz wytwarzający go przemysł filmowy (jako zjawisko społeczno-gospodarcze) odgrywają w tworzeniu powiązań kulturowych i współpracy gospodarczej pomiędzy Indiami a Europą.
Epicardial placement of human placental membrane protects from heart injury in a swine model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Skaria Rinku S. , Lopez‐Pier Marissa A. , Kathuria Brij S. , Leber Christian J. , Langlais Paul R. , Aras Shravan G. , Khalpey Zain I. , Hitscherich Pamela G. , Chnari Evangelia , Long Marc , Churko Jared M. , Runyan Raymond B. , Konhilas John P.
Published: October 2023

Cardiac ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) is paradoxically instigated by reestablishing blood‐flow to ischemic myocardium typically from a myocardial infarction (MI). Although revascularization following MI remains the standard of care, effective strategies remain limited to prevent or attenuate IRI. We hypothesized that epicardial placement of human placental amnion/chorion (HPAC) grafts will protect against IRI. Using a clinically relevant model of IRI, swine were subjected to 45 min percutaneous ischemia followed with (MI + HPAC, n = 3) or without (MI only, n = 3) HPAC. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, and regional punch biopsies were collected 14 days post‐operatively. A deep phenotyping approach was implemented by using histological interrogation and incorporating global proteomics and transcriptomics in nonischemic, ischemic, and border zone biopsies. Our results established HPAC limited the extent of cardiac injury by 50% (11.0 ± 2.0% vs. 22.0 ± 3.0%, p = 0.039) and preserved ejection fraction in HPAC‐treated swine (46.8 ± 2.7% vs. 35.8 ± 4.5%, p = 0.014). We present comprehensive transcriptome and proteome profiles of infarct (IZ), border (BZ), and remote (RZ) zone punch biopsies from swine myocardium during the proliferative cardiac repair phase 14 days post‐MI. Both HPAC‐treated and untreated tissues showed regional dynamic responses, whereas only HPAC‐treated IZ revealed active immune and extracellular matrix remodeling. Decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐dependent protein secretion and increased antiapoptotic and anti‐inflammatory responses were measured in HPAC‐treated biopsies. We provide quantitative evidence HPAC reduced cardiac injury from MI in a preclinical swine model, establishing a potential new therapeutic strategy for IRI. Minimizing the impact of MI remains a central clinical challenge. We present a new strategy to attenuate post‐MI cardiac injury using HPAC in a swine model of IRI. Placement of HPAC membrane on the heart following MI minimizes ischemic damage, preserves cardiac function, and promotes anti‐inflammatory signaling pathways.
Clinical characteristics and the prognosis of diabetic foot in Tibet: A single center, retrospective study
Authors: Yuan Xiaoyong , Lu Difei , Meng Shuyou , Yang Lihui , Yuan Geheng , Qi Xin , Wen Bing , Zhang Junqing , Guo Xiaohui
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of diabetic foot in hospitalized patients with diabetes in Tibet. To achieve that, patients hospitalized in People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region and diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020 were enrolled in the study, and DFU cases of Peking University First Hospital were collected as control group. Analysis and comparison of clinical characteristics of DFU in plateau and plain areas were conducted. Normal distribution data or non-normal distribution data between groups were analyzed by t-test analysis or the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test, and categorical variants were compared by Chi-square of Pearson. A total of 54 DFU cases were enrolled in the study in the People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region (Tibet group for short). Males accounted for 83.3% (45 cases) in Tibet group, which was higher than that of Peking University First Hospital (Beijing group for short), which accounted for 67.0%. Compared with the DFU patients in the Beijing group, the Tibet group was younger (58.11 ± 12.25 years vs 64.18 ± 11.37 years, P < 0.05), with a shorter disease duration (7.00 years vs 12.00 years, P < 0.05). In contrast, alcohol consumption was higher in the Tibet group (44.4 vs 27.4%, P < 0.05), and the number of patients with smoking habit was higher in the Beijing group (29.6 vs 43.7%, P < 0.05). The Tibet group had higher HbA1c (10.2 vs 8.7%, P < 0.05) and lower DFU proportion (22.2 vs 44.2%, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of moderate to severe infections between the two groups (58.5 vs 59.6%, P = 0.887). Leukocytes (6.75 × 109/L vs 8.72 × 109/L, P < 0.05) and neutrophils (4.07 × 109/L vs 6.26 × 109/L, P < 0.05) in Tibet group were lower. Although the DFU amputation rate in the Tibet group was lower than that in the Beijing group (9.3 vs 29.8%, P < 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of treatment cost, hospital stay, and mortality. In conclusion, patients with DFU in Tibet had a smaller age, shorter duration of diabetes, and more male predominance. The proportions of gangrene and amputation were lower in Tibet, with gangrene accounting for 80% of all amputees.
Functions operating on several multivariate distribution functions
Authors: Ressel Paul
Published: October 2023

Functions

f

f

on

[

0
,
1

]

m

{\left[0,1]}^{m}

such that every composition

f

∘

(

g

1

,

…

,

g

m

)

f\circ \left({g}_{1},\ldots ,{g}_{m})

with

d

d

-dimensional distribution functions

g

1

,

…

,

g

m

{g}_{1},\ldots ,{g}_{m}

is again a distribution function, turn out to be characterized by a very natural monotonicity condition, which for

d
=
2

d=2

means ultramodularity. For

m
=
1

m=1

(and

d
=
2

d=2

), this is equivalent with increasing convexity.
Investigation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al–Zn alloy joints formed by different laser welding processes
Authors: Luo Qi , Wang Shaogang , Guo Yingying
Published: October 2023

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al–Zn alloy joints by using autogenous laser beam welding (LBW) and laser-MIG hybrid welding, respectively, are investigated. The results show that the weld formation of the hybrid welding joint is relatively good, and there are mainly α-Mg matrix phases and β-Mg17Al12 strengthening phases in the weld metal. The microstructure in the fusion zone (FZ) of the two joints is different. The LBW joint is composed of columnar crystal and equiaxed dendrite. The hybrid welding joint consists of fine equiaxed grains, and the grain size in the laser zone is larger than that in the arc zone. The microhardness in FZ is higher due to the precipitation of the β-Mg17Al12 phase in this region. Under the optimized welding procedure, the strength coefficient of the two joints is >90%. There are many dimples on the tensile fracture surface of the hybrid welding joint, which is characterized by the pattern of the ductile fracture.
Private Supply Management and Market Power in the U.S. Dairy Industry
Authors: Bolotova Yuliya V.
Published: October 2023

This research analyzes the U.S. cheese industry dynamics (changes in wholesale cheese prices, milk price, margins, and the nature of wholesale cheese pricing) in light of a herd retirement program implemented by the Cooperatives Working Together (CWT) in the period of 2003–2010, which led to an antitrust lawsuit filed by cheese buyers against a group of dairy cooperatives and a large settlement. Presuming that they had a Capper-Volstead Act immunity, the CWT cooperatives acted in a cartel-like manner to decrease milk supply to increase and stabilize milk prices received by dairy farmers. While the program may have modestly increased seller market power of dairy farmers, seller market power of dairy cooperatives involved in cheese manufacturing decreased. This is because the cost of milk used in cheese manufacturing increased at a higher rate than wholesale cheese prices, which caused wholesale cheese margins to decrease.
Multimodal meaning-making in student presentations: the impact of explicit feedback in a German as a foreign language classroom
Authors: Lindenberg Dennis
Published: October 2023

This study examines the impact of teacher feedback on seven students’ presentations on social and cultural topics held in a German-as-a-foreign language classroom in Japan. Following the submission of self-recorded presentation drafts on an online learning platform, students received explicit feedback on how their spoken commentary related to the visible information on slides derived from the theoretical insights of social semiotics and systemic functional linguistics. After allocating one class to revising their work, students presented their finalized presentations, which were video recorded, cut, and prepared for analysis. Subsequently, a total of 14 sections that underwent alterations in both the draft and in-class presentation were scrutinized following a qualitative multimodal discourse analytical framework. By demonstrating the differences between two students’ early drafts and their final in-class presentations, this study shows how adding verbal language that extended a slide’s content strengthened audience engagement through interpersonal functions in language, gaze, body orientation, and gesture. Further, restructuring and inserting additional entities on the PowerPoint slide helped emphasize the talk’s ideational components. The findings of this study have implications for multiliteracies pedagogy in a foreign language context, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach that considers language and other modes as complementary aspects of communication.
Recent advances in DNA nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Li Longjie , Wang Zhen , Zhang Xuehao , Deng Yukai , Mu Yaoqin , Li Jingrou , Wang Li-mei , Wang Hong-xun , Zhang Junlin , Gao Hengyi , Mao Yajie
Published: October 2023

The elucidation of the structural characteristics of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by Watson and Crick, the advent of polymerase chain reaction technology, and the development of primer-synthesis methods, enable DNA to be replicated and transformed in an increasingly easy manner, such that it is among the most directed and evolving nanomaterials in molecular biology. Traditional cancer diagnosis methods are somewhat limited and are unable to meet existing needs; consequently, DNA nanostructures with wide ranging properties are receiving increasingly more attention because a number of DNA materials have been shown to exhibit diagnostic properties. Some DNA materials can functionally alter the biological behavior of cells, such as cell migration, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, autophagy, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some single-stranded DNA or ribonucleic acid with secondary structure through self-pairing, called aptamer, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), have targeting capabilities and can be applied to tumor targeted diagnosis and therapy. Several DNA nanomaterials with three-dimensional nanostructures and stable structures are being investigated as drug carrier systems to act on a variety of antitumor drugs or gene therapy agents. This article reviews the use of functionalized DNA nanostructures in cancer diagnosis and treatment applications. Various biosensors and carriers based on DNA nanostructures are introduced and chemical reactions related to the preparation of the carrier and the signal transduction mechanism of the sensor are discussed. Efficient carrier/biosensor platforms based on various structural developments and current DNA nanomaterial developments are also presented.
The Indian challenge and the rise of Manchester
Authors: Parthasarathi Prasannan
Published: October 2023

This essay was delivered as a keynote presentation by Professor Prasannan Parthasarathi at a conference, Historical Threads, held at Manchester’s Science and Industry Museum in November 2022. Up to that point, many of us in the audience had probably felt reasonably knowledgeable about the role of cotton production in the growth of Manchester and in what we call the Industrial Revolution. This essay was a revelation, presenting an entirely new, global perspective on the long history of international cotton trading, and positioning Manchester’s growth as a competitive response to what had for centuries been an Indian success story; one that was swiftly rewritten by nineteenth century British historians and industrialists. This museum has for over thirty years featured a much-loved Textiles Gallery, highlighting regional innovations, such as Richard Arkwright’s water frame, and the global and social impact of industrialisation and mass production methods developed in and around Manchester. But we have never told the story that is told in this essay, nor properly framed Manchester’s growth within a world context. The museum, as part of the Science Museum Group, is now committed to presenting more inclusive narratives, developing displays to feature previously untold stories and provide global perspectives. There are few more painful or problematic histories than that of the cotton trade, and this conference was a first step towards creating a ‘Cottonopolis’ gallery, which will set Manchester’s textile history in a bigger, harsher yet ultimately richer context. This essay is a first step towards that retelling. Note: Professor Parthasarathi is the first in a series of keynote speakers who will be invited to give presentations on subjects crucial to the Group’s major projects or research themes and whose lectures will be published in the Science Museum Group Journal. Note: Professor Parthasarathi is the first in a series of keynote speakers who will be invited to give presentations on subjects crucial to the Group’s major projects or research themes and whose lectures will be made available online and published in the Science Museum Group Journal.
Revealing observatory networks through object stories: Object itineraries
Authors: Chinnici Ileana , Devoy Louise , Figueiredo Fernando
Published: October 2023

In this paper, each contribution uses an object biography – or object itinerary – methodology, tracking their chosen objects from conception and purchase, across time and space, to today. The function of each object could change significantly over time, and these stories serve to remind us of the range of projects and activities that observatories might support or host, including overseas astronomical expeditions, a local time service, mathematical calculations, measurement of photographic plates, magnetic, meteorological and seismological observation, the hosting and dining of visitors, and the display and promotion of the observatory’s status. In each case, the object’s movements and location within particular spaces point the reader to consider a wide range of people, whether located within the observatory, beyond its walls, or within international scientific networks. The objects considered here are a London-made marine chronometer purchased by the Palermo Observatory, which was not used for navigation but was nevertheless well travelled; a large wooden table placed in the Octagon Room of the Royal Observatory Greenwich; and a British seismograph set up in at the Meteorological and Magnetic Observatory of the University of Coimbra. These itineraries also show how the value attached to objects changes over time: they shift from functional tools to obsolescence, then regain significance as their histories have been recovered and re-examined. This paper forms part of the collection ‘Revealing observatory networks through object stories’ where object stories are presented in three themed papers (with further papers being ‘Instrumental networks’ and ‘Observatory audiences’). The genesis of the collection is described in the ‘Introduction’.
Spoofing Traffic Attack Recognition Algorithm for Wireless Communication Networks in a Smart City Based on Improved Machine Learning
Authors: Hao Liping , Ma Yinghui
Published: October 2023

It is difficult to find spoofing traffic attack information for a wireless communication network, which leads to poor performance of spoofing traffic attack identification. Therefore, a spoofing traffic attack recognition algorithm for wireless communication networks based on improved machine learning has been designed. The process of network traffic classification and several common network cheating traffic attacks are analyzed. A chaotic algorithm is used to search and collect wireless communication network data, and Min-Max and z-score are used to standardize the collected data. The risk assessment function of wireless communication network spoofing traffic attack is constructed, and the spoofing traffic attack is preliminarily determined according to the function. The convolutional neural network in machine learning is improved, and the preliminary judgment results are input into the improved convolutional neural network to identify the attack behavior. The experimental results show that the recall rate of this method for wireless communication network spoofing traffic attacks can reach 90.08 % at the highest level, and the identification process takes only 1,763 ms at the lowest level. It can control the false positive rate of attacks below 4.68 % and the false positive rate below 2.00 %, and the identification effect of spoofing traffic attacks is good.
Bond-Slip Model of Corrosion-Resistant Rebar and Fiber-Reinforced Seawater Sea-Sand Concrete
Authors: Zheng Hao , Wang Wei , Gao Chengqiang , Yuan Jian , Feng Jiang
Published: October 2023

To study the bond performance between fiber-reinforced seawater sea-sand concrete and corrosion-resistant rebars (glass fiber–reinforced polymer [GFRP] bars and epoxy resin–coated rebars) in extremely hot and humid marine environments, bond anchorage tests between reinforcement and seawater sea-sand concrete are conducted to study bond performance. The failure morphology of reinforced concrete was investigated, and the bond-slip curves of different types of rebar and concrete were compared. According to the research results, the addition of basalt and polypropylene fibers to seawater sea-sand concrete changed the distribution of bonding stress, which was conducive to an improvement in the anchorage efficiency of reinforcement and concrete. The chemical bonding performance between the fiber-reinforced seawater sea-sand concrete and rebar is improved, wherein the bond stress increases by 94.01 % at the beginning of the slip, and the residual bond stress increases by 91.72 %. Compared with ordinary seawater sea-sand concrete, the bonding strength between ordinary reinforced rebar and fiber-reinforced seawater sea-sand concrete increased by 20.75 %, and the bonding strength between the GFRP bar and fiber-reinforced concrete decreased by 15.37 %. Based on the friction mechanism of rebars and concrete, bonding strength models of ordinary rebar, epoxy resin–coated rebar, and GFRP bars with fiber-reinforced seawater sea-sand concrete are presented.
Cotranscriptional demethylation induces global loss of H3K4me2 from active genes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Mori Shusei , Oya Satoyo , Takahashi Mayumi , Takashima Kazuya , Inagaki Soichi , Kakutani Tetsuji
Published: October 2023

Based on studies of animals and yeasts, methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me1/2/3, for mono‐, di‐, and tri‐methylation, respectively) is regarded as the key epigenetic modification of transcriptionally active genes. In plants, however, H3K4me2 correlates negatively with transcription, and the regulatory mechanisms of this counterintuitive H3K4me2 distribution in plants remain largely unexplored. A previous genetic screen for factors regulating plant regeneration identified Arabidopsis LYSINE‐SPECIFIC DEMETHYLASE 1‐LIKE 3 (LDL3), which is a major H3K4me2 demethylase. Here, we show that LDL3‐mediated H3K4me2 demethylation depends on the transcription elongation factor Paf1C and phosphorylation of the C‐terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). In addition, LDL3 binds to phosphorylated RNAPII. These results suggest that LDL3 is recruited to transcribed genes by binding to elongating RNAPII and demethylates H3K4me2 cotranscriptionally. Importantly, the negative correlation between H3K4me2 and transcription is significantly attenuated in the ldl3 mutant, demonstrating the genome‐wide impacts of the transcription‐driven LDL3 pathway to control H3K4me2 in plants. Our findings implicate H3K4me2 demethylation in plants as chromatin records of transcriptional activity, which ensures robust gene control.
The effect of crude oil price changes on civil conflict intensity in rentier states
Authors: Englund Chase , Vincent Taylor , Kopchick Connor
Published: October 2023

While existing literature has considered the relationship between oil and conflict, most of the studies have failed to consider mechanisms that might mediate the effect of the fluctuating market price of oil on conflict. We theorize that the military capacity of the state is a key mediating mechanism for understanding the relationship between shifting oil market prices and conflict intensity. We argue that states which rely upon oil sales to fund a large portion of government spending will have a more difficult time maintaining conflict-reducing state capacity during times in which oil prices are below previously prevailing averages for extended lengths of time. Using country-year data in 67 conflict states from 1989–2019, we find that low average oil prices are associated with lower military spending which in turn is associated with higher rates of battle fatalities in existing civil conflicts.
La reduplicación en la primera y tercera persona posesora del quechua de Lircay - Angaraes
Authors: Escobar Zapata Emérita
Published: October 2023

El propósito central de esta investigación es, en primer lugar, reportar la existencia del fenómeno de reduplicación (FR) en las marcas de primera y tercera persona posesora /-yniy/ y /-nnin/ respectivamente, en el dialecto quechua de Lircay- Angaraes, y de acuerdo a la clasificación de Alfredo Torero (1964) está comprendido en uno de los grupos de la subrama II-C. En un segundo lugar, interesa cotejar las formas posesoras existentes en las hablas del Quechua I (Q.I) y Q.II, contemporáneas con nuestros datos, para explicar los cambios ocurridos desde la protolengua. Finalmente, inferir que factores condicionarían la presencia del fenómeno de reduplicación, en la población, objeto de nuestro estudio.
La omisión de la conjunción subordinante que en las completivas-od del castellano ayacuchano
Authors: Esquivel Villafana Jorge
Published: October 2023

En el presente trabajo se aborda un fenómeno lingüístico, de orden sintáctico, considerado característico del denominado castellano andino y referido, precisamente, a la omisión del complementizador lexical que, el cual precede la cláusula completiva en función de objeto directo. Este peculiar caso, desarrollado en el lenguaje infantil del español ayacuchano, es analizado como una evidencia de lo que significa la transferencia de las pautas estructurales del quechua a una determinada variedad española local.
El habla folklórica y la educación
Authors: Loayza Maturrano Edward Faustino
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo aborda la relación existente entre educación y el habla folklórica, analizando su problemática actual en la práctica pedagógica, su justificada importancia en la formación humana, y el papel que cumple el “curso” de “Lengua y Literatura Castellana” – ahora llamada “área” y “Comunicación” respectivamente- en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educativa desde el curso de Lengua y Literatura para promover y desarrollar en la educación formal la conciencia sociolingüística sobre el folklore verbal pluricultural propio de nuestro país.
Actos de comunicación ostensivo-inferencial en Tradiciones cuzqueñas de Clorinda Matto de Turner
Authors: Ramos Tacca Mario
Published: October 2023

El siguiente artículo tiene la finalidad de explicar los procesos de producción e interpretación de los enunciados en la comunicación humana desde el punto de vista de la Teoría de la relevancia de Sperber y Wilson. A través del enfoque cualitativo y el método explicativo, el trabajo expone un conjunto de planteamientos basados en los eventos ostensivo-inferenciales de la interpretación textual aplicados a los actos convencionales y no convencionales del lenguaje con énfasis en la visión pragmática del discurso que prioriza el efecto contextual del fenómeno de la comunicación a través de actos manifiestos y supuestos dentro de la interacción lingüística. Así, sobre una muestra representativa de cincuenta y siete textos contenidos en las Tradiciones de doña Clorinda Matto de Turner, se realizó el análisis de los niveles de interpretación del discurso recurriendo al funcionamiento complejo de los procesos cognitivos que regulan la comprensión del lenguaje. De manera que, este estudio aporta nuevas vías que coadyuvan al entendimiento de los contenidos relevantes de la comunicación literaria recurriendo a la interacción lingüística entre hablante (escritor) y oyente (lector) que activamente intercambian e infieren mensajes para enriquecer el nivel cognoscitivo a un bajo costo interpretativo.
El español y otras lenguas en versiones al totonaco de resúmenes
Authors: Ruiz Velasco Liliana
Published: October 2023

El trabajo se centra en un tema poco estudiado como es la traducción de textos en totonaco. Para ello, se reunió un corpus de 38 resúmenes escritos en totonaco que se incluían en trabajos terminales de nivel universitario. Concretamente, se analizó en ellos la presencia de otras lenguas y se encontró que se hallaban vocablos en latín, español e inglés. Los términos en latín se atribuyen a la inscripción de los textos en una tradición discursiva científica, mientras que en las otras dos lenguas se tratan de préstamos lingüísticos. Solo unos pocos de estos préstamos han pasado por un proceso de integración en la lengua receptora, tratándose, más bien, de casos de transferencia de un vocablo a otra lengua. Incluyen tanto elementos léxicos (en los ámbitos científico, matemático, escolar, cotidiano, tecnológico, religioso y agropecuario) como gramaticales. Finalmente, se da un tercer tipo de inserción de la lengua española al aparecer para dar mayor precisión a la referencia en lengua originaria.