bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANEMIA FALCIFORME: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EM UM AMBULATÓRIO DE REFERÊNCIA
Authors: Dias dos Santos Pâmella Naiana , Freire Márcia Helena De Souza , Zanlorenzi Gisele Basso , Pianovski Mara Albonei , Denardi Vanilda de Fátima De Andrade Matos
Published: December 2014

Pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa que objetivou descrever perfil clínico, social e demográficode pacientes com anemia falciforme atendidos em ambulatório de referência para Hematologia Pediátrica, emCuritiba/Paraná. Buscaram-se, de 1 a 19 de outubro de 2012, todos os prontuários de hemoglobinopatas doambulatório e foram identificados 58 que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão. Dados de anamneses e examesclínicos, desde o primeiro atendimento até a data da coleta, foram organizados em categorias. Com predomínio(76%) de crianças (1 a 12 anos), procedentes de 14 regionais de saúde do estado (70,5%), diagnosticadas noprimeiro ano de vida (80%), acompanhados há três anos ou mais (86,2%), com sinais clínicos de palidezcutânea (94,8%) e febre (93,1%), e como complicação principal a crise álgica (70,7%). Os resultados podemsubsidiar o planejamento e ajustes no cuidado ao paciente com anemia falciforme e seus familiares neste serviçoambulatorial e também em outros semelhantes.
VALIDAÇÃO DO DIAGNÓSTICO DOR ÓSSEA E SUAS INTERVENÇÕES DE ENFERMAGEM NO MIELOMA MÚLTIPLO
Authors: Lins Silvia Maria de Sá Basilio , Fuly Patricia dos Santos Claro , Santos Mauro Leonardo Salvador Caldeira dos , Leite Joséte Luzia , Lins Silvia Maria De Sá Basílio
Published: December 2014

Estudo descritivo, cujo objetivo fora validar o diagnóstico de enfermagem Dor Óssea no mielomamúltiplo e suas intervenções de enfermagem. Realizada busca bibliográfica para construção das afirmativas eutilizada a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem®. Em seguida, por meio de formulário, asafirmativas foram submetidas à validação de conteúdo por especialistas em enfermagem oncológica atuantesnum hospital universitário. A análise ocorreu por meio de estatística simples, considerando a variável deinteresse: índice de concordância, com resultado superior a 0,75. O diagnóstico de Dor Óssea e as intervençõesatingiram índice de concordância de 1,0 e de 0,90 respectivamente. A validação aponta para a relevânciado diagnóstico de enfermagem nos pacientes com mieloma múltiplo e reflete a possibilidade de melhoria daqualidade assistencial através das intervenções de enfermagem padronizadas.
SATISFAÇÃO EM CUIDAR DE IDOSOS COM ALZHEIMER: PERCEPÇÕES DOS CUIDADORES FAMILIARES
Authors: Vidigal Fabiana Cristina , Ferrari Roberta Fernanda Rogonni , Rodrigues Daysi Mara Murio Ribeiro , Marcon Sonia Silva , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi , Carreira Lígia
Published: December 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi apreender as condições de satisfação de cuidadores familiares de idososcom Doença de Alzheimer no município de Umuarama-PR. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa,descritivo e exploratório, realizado com oito cuidadores familiares. Os dados foram coletados no período dejulho a setembro de 2013, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas no domicilio e após, submetidas àanálise, da qual emergiram quatro categorias: a vivência com o cuidado permite desenvolvimento de habilidades,o provimento de bem-estar ao idoso permite satisfação para o cuidador familiar, a religiosidade favorece asatisfação em cuidar e demonstrar amor e gratidão por meio do cuidado favorece a satisfação do cuidadorfamiliar. Os resultados apontaram que também existe satisfação no ato de cuidar, desmitificando o imagináriode que essa atividade é permeada apenas por insatisfação e sobrecarga.
DIAGNÓSTICOS DE ENFERMAGEM PREVALENTES NO PACIENTE INTERNADO COM SEPSE NO CENTRO DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Dutra Cintia Suemy Kagiyama , Silveira Laura Menesez , Santos Aive Oliva , Pereira Raíssa , Stabile Angelita Maria
Published: December 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem prevalentes nos pacientesinternados com sepse, sepse grave ou choque séptico em um Centro de Terapia Intensiva. A população foiconstituída pelos pacientes com idade superior a 18 anos, internados no Centro de Terapia Intensiva, dejaneiro a dezembro de 2010. As informações foram coletadas do prontuário, de acordo com as característicassociodemográficas e clínicas e diagnósticos de enfermagem registrados. No período estudado, foram internados103 pacientes, sendo que 79,4% foram a óbito. Os diagnósticos de enfermagem identificados foram: risco deinfecção, risco de aspiração, risco para integridade da pele prejudicada, ventilação espontânea prejudicada,troca de gases prejudicada, perfusão tissular ineficaz cardiopulmonar e integridade da pele prejudicada. Emconclusão, espera-se que a identificação dos diagnósticos, presentes nos prontuários de pacientes com sepse,possam contribuir para a assistência de enfermagem a essa clientela.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS A PACIENTES COM FERIDAS ONCOLÓGICAS EM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Castro Maria Cristina , Cruz Pamella , Grellmann Marianne , Santos Willian , Fuly Patrícia
Published: December 2014

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o cuidado desenvolvido no ambulatório de cuidados paliativos, aopaciente portador de ferida oncológica em hospital universitário federal do município de Niterói/RJ, habilitado comoUnidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia. Foi desenvolvido por meio da observação das ações de enfermagemna implementação da Política Nacional para Prevenção e Controle do Câncer. A complexidade do cuidado àsferidas oncológicas requer competência técnica e relacional com abordagem às dimensões física, psicológica, sociale espiritual, essenciais para a qualidade de vida do paciente e família. O ambulatório iniciou suas atividades em2005, tendo em outubro de 2014 uma média de 70 pacientes em atendimento e entrada de 12 pacientes novos aomês. Reconhecer os desafios inerentes às tomadas de decisão, nesta proposta de cuidado frente às demandas dopaciente e prover um suporte adequado ao paciente e cuidador são aspectos importantes para um cuidado eficaz.
ACIDENTES DOMÉSTICOS EM CRIANÇAS: CONCEPÇÕES PRÁTICAS DOS AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Rocha Bezerra Maria Augusta , Rocha Ruth Cardoso , Negreiros Fabyanna Dos Santos , Lira Fernanda Miranda Oliveira de Morais , De Sousa Luzicleia Tavares , Santiago Sabatha Coelho Gomes
Published: December 2014

Pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritivo-exploratória, que objetivou compreender a atuação práticados Agentes Comunitários de Saúde diante dos acidentes domésticos em crianças menores de cinco anos,desenvolvida com oito profissionais cadastrados em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Floriano, Piauí.Os dados foram coletados em março de 2014, tendo como método a pesquisa-ação e analisados segundo análisetemática, na qual emergiram três categorias: Vigilância do ambiente domiciliar, Estratégias educativas destinadasaos cuidadores e Condutas diante da ocorrência de acidentes. Os dados demonstram ser imprescindível oplanejamento de uma metodologia apropriada para ser desenvolvida com os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, quefavoreça a qualificação da sua prática no âmbito da saúde da criança no contexto dos acidentes domésticos. Estesresultados podem contribuir para uma rediscussão das práticas de Educação Permanente em Saúde e fomentaro investimento dos gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde, em ações educativas formadoras e emancipadoras.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL CONTRA MULHERES: ANÁLISE DE OCORRÊNCIAS POLICIAIS
Authors: Amarijo Cristiane Lopes , Acosta Daniele Ferreira , Silva Camila Daiane , Gomes Vera Lúcia De Oliveira
Published: December 2014

Estudo documental, quantitativo e exploratório-descritivo. Objetivou conhecer o perfil das vítimas, agressorese caracterizar a violência sexual registrada em uma Delegacia para Mulheres, entre agosto/2009 e dezembro/2011.Os dados coletados foram inseridos em planilhas do Aplicativo Microsoft Excel® e tratados por meio da estatísticadescritiva e de números absolutos e relativos. Nas 39 analisadas, houve prevalência de vítimas com idade entre 20 e30 anos, cor branca, ensino fundamental e com trabalho remunerado. Prevaleceu a violência praticada por homensdesconhecidos, com 30 a 40 anos, brancos, ensino fundamental e trabalhadores na construção civil. A força física foia intimidação mais utilizada para cometer o estupro, sendo a via pública o principal cenário. A maioria das vítimasrealizou exame pericial. Muitos aspectos culturais, crenças e valores interferem ou inibem a denúncia de tais crimes.Cabe a enfermagem atuar tanto na recuperação e promoção da saúde das vítimas, quanto em ações de prevenção.
GESTAÇÃO VIDA: OFICINA EDUCACIONAL PARA GESTANTES COM ABORDAGEM MULTIPROFISSIONAL EM UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE DA CIDADE DE MANAUS
Authors: Lima Janaina Costa , Maia Danielle Bezerra , Rocha Paula Chagas de Farias , Gama Rosângela Martins , Lima Regismeire Viana
Published: December 2014

Este trabalho apresenta o relato de experiência dos residentes da Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde do Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas (HUGV), que através da atuação na atenção primária, pode contribuir com a promoção da saúde na comunidade do Armando Mendes, através de um projeto de extensão intitulado “Gestação vida: educando mamãe e bebê”, com ações educativas voltadas para gestantes atendidas no pré-natal na Unidade de Saúde Básica (UBS) Geraldo Magela, na zona Leste de Manaus. O seu principal objetivo é relatar a experiência de uma abordagem multiprofissional na educação em saúde, através de uma oficina educativa para gestantes, sensibilizando-as quanto à importância de um pré-natal e de esclarecimento dos aspectos clínicos, psicológicos e sociais da gestação, bem como os cuidados necessários com os recém-nascidos. Conclui-se que a experiência como residentes na atenção básica nos mostrou a possibilidade da experimentação entre os saberes, contribuindo para a busca além do individual através de um modelo assistencial fundamentado na multiprofissionalidade, interdisciplinaridade e na humanização, considerando a integralidade do cuidado, demonstrando que é possível a ampliação do trabalho voltado para a complexidade do processo gravídico e puerperal.
EXTENSÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ: CONSTITUIÇÃO HISTÓRICA
Authors: Gonçalves Nádia Gaiofatto , Vieira Carina Silva , Antunes Patrícia De Souza
Published: December 2014

Este artigo traz uma análise de concepções de Extensão que permearam e permeiam a história da Universidade Federal do Paraná. O trabalho foi elaborado com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, documentos históricos e depoimentos de pessoas que participaram do processo de institucionalização destas atividades na UFPR. Apresenta a relação entre a Universidade e demais segmentos da sociedade como uma permanência, embora com acepções distintas de acordo com cada contexto. Como principais resultados, destacam-se as mudanças construídas em âmbito nacional, em relação à Extensão Universitária, que foram apropriadas em normativas e na estrutura administrativa da UFPR; ao mesmo tempo em que são identificadas permanências de algumas acepções, e tensões decorrentes de diferentes concepções extensionistas que convivem na Universidade.
CLASSIFICAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM DO BAIRRO DO BACACHERI (CURITIBA/PARANÁ) COM BASE NA COBERTURA DO SOLO
Authors: Dias Mariana Andreotti , Nucci João Carlos , Valaski Simone
Published: December 2014

O intenso adensamento populacional e de edificações, associado a diminuição da vegetação concorrem para a queda da qualidade ambiental dos centros urbanos. Porém, é importante que se reconheça que o nível de desenvolvimento de uma sociedade se configura conforme a capacidade de preservação e respeito a natureza onde o ordenamento do espaço é primordial. Foi aplicado um método de classificação da cobertura do solo que considera a estrutura da paisagem e executa inferências quanto à sua dinâmica relacionada a qualidade ambiental. A área teste foi o bairro do Bacacheri (Curitiba, Paraná), pois o mesmo já apresenta um levantamento semelhante realizado com base em fotografias aéreas de 2001, o que permitiu uma comparação temporal. O levantamento foi feito com base em imagens de satélite (Google Earth) nas escalas entre 1:5.000 e 1:3.000 e do ano 2010. Para o mapeamento e o tratamento dos dados foram utilizadas as ferramentas do software ARCGIS 10.1 da ESRI. Concluiu-se que o bairro perdeu 46,9ha de vegetação arbustiva e herbácea em apenas oito anos, e que apesar de ainda manter uma boa qualidade ambiental, em comparação com algumas cidades alemãs, corre o risco de uma intensificação da ocupação do solo por edificações, o que acarretaria em uma diminuição dessa qualidade.
Agesilaus the Puppet? The Effects of Thematic Development on Plutarch’s Story of the Accession
Authors: Trego Kristine M.
Published: December 2014

Xenophon and Plutarch present conflicting narratives on the accession of Agesilaus to the Spartan throne that have puzzled scholars investigating this historically pivotal event. Xenophon presents Agesilaus as an agent of his own destiny while Plutarch portrays him as being the tool of Lysander. Scholars have argued that Plutarch’s version may have originated in Boeotian sources and therefore his narrative should be regarded as more accurate. The key, however, lies in the influence of Plutarch’s thematic agenda on the narrative in the Agesilaus-Pompey. Analysis of Plutarch’s accession narrative within this context clarifies that a friendship theme governed his unique version.
New Advances Reconstructing the Y Chromosome Haplotype of Napoleon the First Based on Three of his Living Descendants
Authors: Lucotte Gerard , Hrechdakian Peter
Published: December 2014

This paper describes the findings of the complete reconstruction of the lineage Y chromosome haplotype of the French Emperor Napoléon I. In a previous study (Lucotte et al., 2013) we reconstructed, for more than one hundred Y-STRs (Y–short tandem repeats), the Y-chromosome haplotype of Napoléon I based on data comparing STR allelic values obtained from the DNA of two of his living descendants: Charles Napoléon (C.N.) and Alexandre Colonna Walewski (A.C.W.); in the present study we compare STR allelic values of C.N. and A.C.W. to those of Mike Clovis (M.C.), a living fifth generation descendant of Lucien (one of Napoléon’s brothers). When compared between M.C., C.N. and A.C.W., STR allelic values are identical for a total of 93 STRs; that permits us to propose those values, for which the three living descendants are identical, as expected allelic values of Napoléon I’s Y-chromosome haplotype. For seven STRs, allele values are variable between M.C., C.N. and A.C.W.; we propose for three of them (DYS442, DYS454 and DYS712) expected allelic values, based on data concerning the allele distributions of these STRs in the population.
De stelling
Authors: van Dijk A.G.
Published: December 2014

De stelling. De Aanwijzingen 6 en 7 van de Aanwijzingen voor de regelgeving, die verlangen dat niet tot nieuwe regelingen wordt besloten dan nadat de noodzaak daarvan is komen vast te staan en nadat alternatieven voor wetgeving gewogen en te licht bevonden zijn, zijn een dode letter gebleken.

Om de kwaliteit van de regelgeving hoog te houden en de omvang behapbaar is voortdurende aandacht nodig voor de vraag naar nut en noodzaak in de democratische rechtsstaat. Dat het niet eenvoudig is de regeldruk zowel wat betreft aantallen regels als wat betreft de lasten die voortvloeien uit die regels in de hand te houden, staat buiten kijf. Niet voor niets is al sinds 1981 het streven remmen aan te brengen om de regeldruk binnen de perken te houden. Ook kan het onder druk lastig zijn de eisen die de democratische rechtsstaat stelt, hoog te houden. Er zijn mogelijkheden de betekenis van de Aanwijzingen te vergroten. Zo zou het helpen als een regeerakkoord, voordat het tot stand komt, niet alleen wordt beoordeeld op financiële gevolgen, maar ook wordt bezien op de gevolgen voor de wetgeving (inclusief eisen van rechtsstatelijkheid, de gevolgen van het akkoord voor de regeldruk en of de wetgevingsvoornemens nodig zijn om de beoogde doelen te bereiken). Hoe dan ook is het belangrijk dat wetgevingsjuristen en beleidsmakers bij elk voornemen tot wetgeving kritisch blijven vragen welk doel precies wordt gediend met de voorgenomen regelgeving, hoe dat doel zich verhoudt tot andere doelen en of wel het juiste instrument wordt gekozen om het doel te bereiken. Daarvoor moeten ze ruimte nemen en krijgen. Ar 6 en 7 helpen daarbij. Net zoals een open houding naar bij de regelgeving betrokken partijen, een kritische Afdeling advisering van de Raad van State, een luisterend oor van bewindslieden, het debat in het parlement en de mogelijkheden die de rechter heeft om veel van de regelgeving in concrete gevallen te toetsen aan het rechtsstatelijke beginsel van proportionaliteit.
Soul Incorporated
Authors: Skakov Nariman
Published: December 2014

In this essay I explore how Soviet policymakers, biologists, and writers negotiated the borderline dividing the human and animal domains and conceptualized the animal world for ideological purposes. I link the classic Soviet clash betweenstikhiinost’(spontaneity) andsoznatel‘nost’(consciousness) with biological experiments of the 1920s that were set to deconstruct the human-animal hierarchy and to create a vision of “classless” biology. I show whyDzhan, one of Andrei Platonov’s first earnest attempts to evolve into a socialist realist writer glorifying the Soviet state’s firm strides toward the communist future, fails to achieve the semantic certitude of the Stalinist text. Various recurrent and profoundly unconventional themes, often connected with animality and corporeality, drastically muddle the ideological coordinates of the text and preclude the possibility of a clear passage from stikhiinost' to soznatel'nost'. The (a)political status of the Dzhan people as a newly formed Soviet collective body manifests itself in the complex interplay between two rather commonplace categories:bodyandsoul. The body acquires abstract political qualities by becoming collective, while the soul, as a designator for the Dzhan people and as a category, gains flesh. The novella reveals the “Turkmen” nation as a site of bare life itself in its indestructible corporeal glory.
The Diaristic Form and Subjectivity under Khrushchev
Authors: Pinsky Anatoly
Published: December 2014

At the start of the post-Stalin period, writers and literary critics began to embrace the diaristic form as never before in Soviet history. In this article, I explore the gravitation toward this and other short and documentary genres. I foreground the subject of literary form, which has, I maintain, for too long remained in the background of scholarship on Soviet literature. The rise of a new privileged form was related dialogically to the emergence of a new normative subjectivity–one that called on citizens to engage in meticulous empirical investigations of Soviet life and to arrive at and advance their own critical conclusions about Soviet reality. In advancing these arguments, I revise the interpretations of Soviet literary history that have highlighted the significance of the novel, contributing to a growing body of scholarship on the history of Soviet subjectivity.
Diminishing Role of Accounting Information for Investment Decisions
Authors: Tyll Ladislav , Pohl Petr
Published: December 2014

The level of stock prices on capital markets no longer reflects only the financial health of companies, and investors do not carry out their investment decisions based on classical fundamental analyses using accounting information. The level of the diminishing role of accounting information for investment decisions was proven by Lev and Zarowin with a sample of 1,300 companies during the years 1976 – 1996. This paper further extends this analysis and verifies the validity of the original findings until the year 2011. The low importance and impact of accounting information was confirmed in the period 1994 – 2011, but the decline in importance significantly slowed down or in some cases even stopped completely. Surprisingly, the association between stock price and change in book value plus earnings has been found to be significantly improving. This trend should be subjected to further analysis.
Klima učitelského sboru: úprava dotazníku OCDQ-RS pro podmínky českých škol
Authors: Chvál Martin , Urbánek Petr
Published: December 2014

Cílem metodologické studie je představení psychometrických vlastností dotazníku KUS, a to i v porovnání s vlastnostmi originální verze OCDQ-RS a jeho slovenskou adaptací. V úvodní teoretické části je představen dotazník organizačního klimatu škol OCDQ-RS, jeho vznik a slovenská standardizace. Po upřesnění cíle studie následuje představení vzniku a výsledné verze dotazníku KUS, který je úpravou OCDQ-RS. Protože jsou některé výsledky porovnávány se známými psychometrickými vlastnostmi OCDQ-RS z USA, ze slovenské adaptace i nestandardizované české verze, jsou dále charakterizovány odpovídající datové soubory. Následují výsledky psychometrických analýz, diskuse zdůvodňující opuštění souhrnného indexu otevřenosti klimatu v dotazníku KUS oproti OCDQ-RS a orientační normy a odhadované chyby měření jednotlivých indexů KUSu. Po shrnujících závěrech jsou pojmenována i hlavní omezení studie. Výzkumný vzorek tvořilo 1823 učitelů ze 77 převážně základních škol. Návratnost dotazníků za školu byla minimálně 70 %. Data byla analyzována položkovou analýzou podle klasické teorie testů, exploratorní faktorovou analýzou, doplňkově i konfirmatorní faktorovou analýzou. Vnitřní konsistence indexů byla zjišťována pomocí Cronbachova alfa, ANOVA a standardní chyby měření indexů KUSu. Některé analýzy jsou s jednotkou učitel i škola. U dotazníku KUS byly zachovány čtyři indexy: podpora sboru vedením školy, angažovanost učitelů, frustrace učitelů, přátelské vztahy ve sboru. Pátý index direktivity ředitele byl nahrazen konotativně neutrálním pevnost vedení školy. Všechny indexy vykazují dostatečné hodnoty Cronbachova alfa v rozpětí od 0,84 do 0,96. Počet položek byl oproti OCDQ-RS navýšen z 34 na 40.
Améliorer la maîtrise de la langue en suscitant l’intérêt et l’engagement scolaires par une pédagogie interdisciplinaire
Authors: Cabot Isabelle , Chouinard Roch
Published: December 2014

Cette étude visait à évaluer un dispositif pédagogique interdisciplinaire ayant pour but de stimuler le développement de l’intérêt de collégiens envers un cours de français. Ce dispositif a consisté en un pairage, entre un cours de mise à niveau en français et un cours de psychologie de la sexualité. Il a été évalué par un devis quasi-expérimental avec condition témoin et suivi longitudinal. Les résultats indiquent un plus grand intérêt pour le cours de français par le groupe expérimental, une perception d’utilité plus élevée, un meilleur engagement comportemental ainsi qu’un meilleur rendement. Ces résultats soutiennent l’efficacité des approches interdisciplinaires.
MODELO EMPÍRICO ENTRE BUSCA DE SENSAÇÃO E AS VARIAÇÕES DO DELINQUIR EM BRASILEIROS
Authors: S. Formiga Nilton , Isabel Fernandes Sintra Catarina , Lopes Paulo
Published: December 2014

Apesar de existir muitas variáveis que expliquem o delinquir em jovens, os traços de personalidade ainda tem sido, na Psicologia, um construto muito promissor para compreender esse problema, contribuindo como mais uma resposta na intervenção desse fenômeno. Neste trabalho pretende-se desenvolver, a partir da modelagem de equação estrutural, a explicação da variação do delinquir (composto pelo uso potencial de drogas, condutas desviantes e comportamento agressivo) a partir do construto personalístico da busca de sensação. 284 jovens, de 14 a 20 anos, responderam o questionário do uso potencial de drogas, condutas desviantes, comportamento agressivo e busca de sensação. A partir do programa AMOS GRAFICS 7.0, os principais resultados indicaram que o construto busca de sensação se associou à variação do delinquir, na qual se observou uma associação entre uso potencial de drogas, condutas desviantes e comportamento agressivo.
The Methodological Unboundedness of Limited Discovery Processes
Authors: Cassel John Benjamin
Published: December 2014

Though designers must understand systems, designers work differently than scientists in studying systems.  Design engagements do not discover whole systems, but take calculated risks between discovery and intervention. For this reason, design practices must cope with open systems, and unpacking the tacit guidelines behind these practices is instructive to systems methodology. This paper shows that design practice yields a methodology which applies across forms of design.  Design practice teaches us to generate ideas and gather data longer, but stop when the return on design has diminished past its cost.  Fortunately, we can reason about the unknown by understanding the character of the unbounded.  We suppose that there might as well be an infinite number of factors, but we can reason about their concentration without knowing all of them.  We demonstrate this concept on stakeholder systems, showing how design discovery informs systems methodology. Using this result, we can apply the methods of parametric design when the parameters are not yet known by establishing the concentration of every kind of factor, entailing a discovery rate of diminishing returns over discovery activities, allowing the analysis of discovery-based trade-offs.  Here, we extend a framework for providing metrics to parametric design, allowing it to express the importance of discovery.
A Framework for Systemic Design
Authors: Ryan Alex
Published: December 2014

As designers move upstream from traditional product and service design to engage with challenges characterised by complexity, uniqueness, value conflict, and ambiguity over objectives, they have increasingly integrated systems approaches into their practice. This synthesis of systems thinking with design thinking is forming a distinct new field of systemic design. This paper presents a framework for systemic design as a mindset, methodology, and set of methods that together enable teams to learn, innovate, and adapt to a complex and dynamic environment. We suggest that a systemic design mindset is inquiring, open, integrative, collaborative, and centred. We propose a systemic design methodology composed of six main activities: framing, formulating, generating, reflecting, inquiring, and facilitating. We view systemic design methods as a flexible and open-ended set of procedures for facilitating group collaboration that are both systemic and designerly.
The strengths / limits of Systems Thinking denote the strengths / limits of Practice-Based Design Research
Authors: Jonas Wolfgang
Published: December 2014

If we focus on Practice-Based Design Research (PBDR) in its various forms and terminologies one can consider Design Research as a process of “generating the unknown from the known” or of “organizing the transition from knowns to unknowns” (Hatchuel, 2013: 5). It is thereby confronted with the fundamental problems of control (non-reducible complexity in design situations), of prediction (not-knowing of evolutionary emerging futures) and of incompatible domains of knowing. The problems become apparent in causal gaps between bodily, psychic and communicative systems and between the phases of evolutionary development. PBDR explores the possibilities of bridging these gaps in the medium of design projects and thereby creates new knowledge. This is necessarily done with scientific support, but in a situated, “designerly” mode, which means that the designer is part of the design / inquiring system. This is the epistemological characteristic of design. The text argues for a strong coupling of PBDR and advanced systems thinking to face the problems mentioned above.
Systemic Design: Two Canadian Case Studies
Authors: Ryan Alex , Leung Mark
Published: December 2014

This paper introduces two novel applications of systemic design to facilitate a comparison of alternative methodologies that integrate systems thinking and design. In the first case study, systemic design helped the Procurement Department at the University of Toronto re-envision how public policy is implemented and how value is created in the broader university purchasing ecosystem. This resulted in an estimated $1.5 million in savings in the first year, and a rise in user retention rates from 40% to 99%. In the second case study, systemic design helped the clean energy and natural resources group within the Government of Alberta to design a more efficient and effective resource management system and shift the way that natural resource departments work together. This resulted in the formation of a standing systemic design team and contributed to the creation of an integrated resource management system. A comparative analysis of the two projects identifies a shared set of core principles for systemic design as well as areas of differentiation that reveal potential for learning across methodologies. Together, these case studies demonstrate the complementarity of systems thinking and design thinking, and show how they may be integrated to guide positive change within complex sociotechnical systems.
Interliminal Design: Understanding cognitive heuristics to mitigate design distortion
Authors: McCollough Andrew , Denmark DeAunne , Harker Donald
Published: December 2014

Cognitive heuristics are mental shortcuts adapted over time to enable rapid interpretation of our complex environment. They are intrinsic to human cognition and resist modification. Heuristics applied outside the context to which they are best suited are termed cognitive bias, and are the cause of systematic errors in judgment and reasoning. As both a cognitive and intuitive discipline, design by individuals is vulnerable to context-inappropriate heuristic usage. Designing in groups can act positively to counterbalance these tendencies, but is subject to heuristic misuse and biases particular to social environments. Mismatch between desired and actual outcomes– termed here, design distortion – occurs when such usage goes unnoticed and unaddressed, and can affect multiple dimensions of a system. We propose a methodology, interliminal design, emerging from the Program in Collaborative Design at Pacific Northwest College of Art, to specifically address the influence of cognitive heuristics in design. This adaptive approach involves reflective, dialogic, inquiry-driven practices intended to increase awareness of heuristic usage, and identify aspects of the design process vulnerable to misuse on both individual and group levels. By facilitating the detection and mitigation of potentially costly errors in judgment and decision-making that create distortion, such metacognitive techniques can meaningfully improve design.
Between Contemporary Art and Cultural Analysis: Alternative Methods for Knowledge Production
Authors: Ehn Billy
Published: December 2014

Artistic research suggests alternative methods for producing various kinds of knowledge, whether within or without the confines of academe. These methods may involve either the production of investigative artworks or the writing by the artist of a doctoral dissertation about his or her own work. For cultural researchers, the methods employed by artists engaged in these processes are both familiar and challenging, as conventional ethnography is mixed with more unpredictable experiments. This article presents several contemporary artworks, including sculpture, film, dance, installation and performance that explore various aspects of reality. What can be learnt from these works? And what could be achieved by an open exchange between artists and academic researchers? Four methodological approaches are highlighted as being of particular interest. The first relates to artists’ tendency to live experimentally, using themselves both as actors and as research objects. The second arises from the very tangible ways in which contemporary artworks approach the theme of materiality. The third relates to the emotional nature of much of contemporary art – even when it is categorised as conceptual – in its creation, forms of presentation, and influence on the spectator. Finally, many artists are gifted with the ability to find and communicate surprising meanings in ordinary life. How do they do this? Part of the answer seems to be that although artists are open to the implementation of “wild whims”, they exploit their spontaneity in a highly professional manner.
Kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid – nødvendig og utfordrende
Authors: Malterud Nina
Published: December 2014

Kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid er et etablert begrep i plan- og rammeverk for høyere utdanning, det er en del av dagligspråket innen kunstutdanning og det blir drøftet i kunnskapsfilosofisk litteratur.  I Lov om universiteter og høgskoler har kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid vært likestilt med forsking siden 1995, og dette må fortsatt følges opp strukturelt og innholdsmessig innen utdanningssystemet. Tilsvarende internasjonale begrep er artistic research, research in and through the arts. Kunstnerens egen erfaring og innsikt er her utgangspunktet, i motsetning til  research on the arts, som er blikket utenfra. Det norske Stipendiatprogram for kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid, finansiert fra Kunnskapsdepartementet, ble opprettet i 2003 for å utvikle et kunstfaglig alternativ på linje med de vitenskapelige doktorgradsprogrammene og har nå omkring 40 aktive stipendiater fordelt i ulike institusjoner. Programmet gjennomgikk en større evaluering i 2009 og betegnes som en suksesshistorie. Gjennomført program for stipendiaten innfrir læringsmålene for tredje syklus i det nye kvalifikasjonsrammeverket, og bør nå gi uttelling som doktorgrad. Kritisk refleksjon ligger implisitt i enhver kunstnerisk prosess på høyt nivå, og i utdanningssammenheng må også refleksjon formuleres eksplisitt, for dialog og debatt. Fokus på denne siden av kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid har på mange måter endret kulturen blant de faglig ansatte i kunstutdanningene. Varig dokumentasjon av temporære resultat, som utstillinger, forestillinger, konserter, er blant de mange utfordringene. Konsolideringen av kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid har bidratt til vitalitet og kvalitet, og rommer et stort potensial for videre arbeid.
Space, place and body: temporary coalitions, nodes in a network
Authors: Power Kerith , Somerville Margaret
Published: December 2014

The articles in this collection share a concern for place, space and bodies as frameworks for thinking about and conducting educational research. The authors range in experience from senior academics, independent educators, beginning and emerging new researchers spanning a range of educational sectors. The articles originate from connections forged within and between Australia and northern countries with visits back and forth between 2004 and 2010. Some of the writers have met each other in these travels and others have not. All have encountered and participated in some way in the work of the space place and body research group, which originated in 2007 as a named research ‘node’ at Monash University.   The space place and body group formed as a result of a process designed to re-imagine research in the Faculty of Education at Monash University in order to address ‘the big questions of our time’. As a leading global university with campuses in Asia and Europe as well as several in Australia, the Dean of the Faculty cited recent evidence that the field of educational research had become too narrowly focused and that new approaches were needed to enliven the field and move it forward. Individualistic research was no longer supported and groups were formed organically around coalitions of interest. The purpose of the space place and body group was to come together to generate new conceptual, theoretical and methodological resources within the core concepts of space, place and body by collaborating across our differences. In the early phase of our development we focused on linked identity (ontological) and knowledge (epistemological) work, at the intersection of postcolonial and poststructural approaches to place in educational research. A specific interest in alternative and creative methodologies emerged from these onto-epistemological activities.   As part of our process we initiated temporary definitions of space, place and body, to appear on our group’s website drawing on examples from our collaborative projects. The text was accompanied by a series of images, which were as important in conveying these early meanings-in-progress as the words. Our website was intended to share these ideas as ‘a stammer’, a work in progress rather than the closed texts of experts. We invited others to participate in a wider conversation of global exchange towards their ongoing evolution.
The first ptychanthoid Lejeuneaceae in Miocene Mexican amber
Authors: Scheben Armin , Schmidt Alexander R , Shäfer-Verwimp Alfons , Solórzano Kraemer Mónica M. , Heinrichs Jochen
Published: December 2014

Two inclusions of leafy liverworts in Miocene Mexican amber are tentatively assigned to the extant genus Mastigolejeunea (Lejeuneaceae subfam. Ptychanthoideae). Both specimens share complicate bilobed leaves with a rounded lobe apex, a lobule with an oblique free margin continuing into the ventral margin of the leaf lobe, elongated leaf cells, a broad ventral merophyte, and undivided underleaves with a truncate to slightly emarginated, recurved apex. The lack of generative structures prevents a more thorough taxonomic treatment. Nevertheless, the inclusions represent the first ptychanthoid Lejeuneaceae from Mexican amber.
Two rare new species of Isotropis (Fabaceae: Faboideae: Mirbelieae) from tropical northern Australia
Authors: Jobson Peter
Published: December 2014

Two new species, Isotropis browniae and I. stipitata (Fabaceae) are described from the Victoria River region of the Northern Territory and adjacent Kimberley region in Western Australia. Distribution maps, conservation status and the morphological similarities with the related species I. atropurpurea, are presented.
Sulfur Dyes
Authors: Goswami Parikshit , Basak Montu
Published: December 2014

Sulfur dyes are synthetic organic substantive dyes, produced by thionation or sulfurization of organic intermediates containing nitro and amino groups. The main characteristic feature of this dye class is that they all contain sulfur linkages within their molecules. They are like vat dyes, which are highly colored, water‐insoluble compounds, and they need to be converted into substantive leuco form before application to the textile materials. This conversion needs reducing agents, which sever the sulfur linkage and break down the molecules into water‐soluble components (leuco form) that have an affinity toward cellulosic fibers.
III‐VCompound Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Mokkapati Sudha , Jagadish Chennupati
Published: December 2014

This paper provides a tutorial style review of optoelectronic devices based on III‐V compound semiconductors.
Magnetic Noise ‐ Barkhausen Effect
Authors: Pardavi‐Horvath Martha
Published: December 2014

The change of the magnetic state of a ferromagnetic body under the effect of a slowly changing externally applied magnetic field is a complex process, involving reversible and irreversible changes of the magnetization. Due to irreversible magnetization processes, the change of the magnetic state is accompanied by losses, manifested by the presence of magnetic hysteresis. The physical origin of the losses is that a real material has a microstructure, material defects, and internal stresses responsible for the details of the hysteresis loop. The magnetization changes discontinuously in space and in time by jumps from defect to defect, giving rise to magnetic noise. This process and the corresponding noise are named after its discoverer, H. Barkhausen (1919) asBarkhausen jumpsandBarkhausen noise. Superconducting materials displaysimilar phenomena. The Barkhausen noise spectrum is an important non‐destructive characterization tool in metallurgy and manufacturing. In the following the physical mechanism, measurement and instrumentation, and applications of the Barkhausen noise are reviewed.
Grid Array Antennas
Authors: Zhang Bing , Zhang Yue Ping
Published: December 2014

A grid array antenna (GAA) is a kind of planar array antenna. It consists of multiple rectangular loops. The length of the long side of each loop is usually one guided wavelength, while the short side is half as long. The long side of each loop works as a transmission line, while the short side works both as a transmission line and as a radiating element. Other aliases and derivatives of GAA can also be found, such as honeycomb wire antenna, chain antenna, brick wall antenna, and mesh array antenna. By different array arrangement and feeding scheme, the GAA can flexibly function either as a traveling‐wave or non–traveling‐wave antenna. Because the separation between radiating elements is fixed by dimensions of the loop, the GAA does not have much flexibility for aperture tapering when the side lobe level is of principal consideration. The GAA was invented by J. Kraus in 1964 (1). Since then, there have been no more than 70 papers available on GAA‐related topics, most of which have focused on the application aspects, leaving open a large gap for study of GAA analysis and synthesis.
Radio Frequency Microelectromechanical Systems (RFMEMS)
Authors: Nordquist Christopher D. , Olsson Roy H.
Published: December 2014

Radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS) devices are microscale devices that achieve superior performance relative to other technologies by taking advantage of the accuracy, precision, materials, and miniaturization available through microfabrication. These devices use their mechanical and electrical properties to perform a specific RF electrical function such as switching, transmission, or filtering. RF MEMS has been a popular area of research since the early 1990s, and within the last several years, the technology has matured sufficiently for commercialization and use in commercial market systems.
Polymer Photonic Crystals
Authors: Li Mingzhu , Song Yanlin
Published: December 2014

Polymers coupled with photonic crystals (PCs) structure present a new class of periodic dielectric media that can provide novel ways to manipulate and control light. In this article, we highlight the development of polymers as colloidal PCs, composite, and three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous PCs and recent achievements in the field of photonic nanostructures and their applications, which include displays, optical devices, chemical and biological sensors, are also overviewed.
S‐velocity model and inferred Moho topography beneath the Antarctic Plate from Rayleigh waves
Authors: An Meijian , Wiens Douglas A. , Zhao Yue , Feng Mei , Nyblade Andrew A. , Kanao Masaki , Li Yuansheng , Maggi Alessia , Lévêque Jean‐Jacques
Published: December 2014

Since 2007/2008, seismographs were deployed in many new locations across much of Antarctica. Using the records from 122 broadband seismic stations, over 10,000 Rayleigh wave fundamental‐mode dispersion curves have been retrieved from earthquake waveforms and from ambient noise. Using the processed data set, a 3‐D S‐velocity model for the Antarctic lithosphere was constructed using a single‐step surface wave tomographic method, and a Moho depth map was estimated from the model. Using the derived crustal thicknesses, the average ratio of lithospheric mantle and crustal densities of Antarctica was calculated. The calculated density ratio indicates that the average crustal density for Antarctica is much higher than the average values for continental crust or the average density of lithospheric mantle is so low as to be equal to low‐density bound of Archean lithosphere. The latter implies that the lithospheric mantle in much of Antarctica should be old and of Archean age. The East Antarctic Mountain Ranges (EAMOR) represent a thick crustal belt, with the thickest crust (~60 km) located close to Dome A. Very high velocities can be found at depths greater than 200 km beneath parts of East Antarctica, demonstrating that the continental lithosphere extends deeper than 200 km. The very thick crust beneath the EAMOR may represent the collision suture of East Gondwana with Indo‐Antarctica and West Gondwana during the Pan‐African orogeny.
Design and numerical verification of plasmonic cross antennas to generate localized circularly polarized light for all‐optical magnetic recording
Authors: Ohnuki Shinichiro , Kato Tsukasa , Takano Yuta , Ashizawa Yoshito , Nakagawa Katsuji
Published: December 2014

All‐optical magnetic recording with localized circularly polarized light is studied for realizing ultrafast and high‐density magnetic recording. We design plasmonic cross antennas with bit‐patterned media and evaluate the Stokes parameters. Using our proposed method, the magnetic recording speed is about 100,000 times faster than that for conventional methods and the recording density becomes over 2 T bit/inch2.
Bioleaching of Minerals by Acidophile Microorganisms
Authors: Parada Pilar , Bobadilla‐Fazzini Roberto
Published: December 2014

In this article, we review the state of the art in the field of bioleaching applications for sulfide minerals, including beneficiation of copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt, uranium, and pyrite bearing gold and silver. A special emphasis is given to the specific acidophile microorganisms participating in the process, with insights into their particular physiology and also into the industrial applications being reported to date, such as dump and heap bioleaching, and stirred‐tank bioleaching. Some challenges are presented, such as declining mineral ore grade, proper control of operational parameters, adequate microbial supply, water and energy management, and effective integration of multidisciplinary teams to understand and solve complex technical problems.
Ambient‐Stable, Annealing‐Free, and Ambipolar Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Based on Solution‐Processable Poly(2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl‐alt‐2,5‐divinylthiophene) without Long Alkyl Side Chains
Authors: Chiang Chi‐Jui , Chen Jyh‐Chien , Tsao Hsiang‐Yen , Wu Kuan‐Yi , Wang Chien‐Lung
Published: December 2014

An ambipolar conjugated polymer CF3‐PBTV, poly(2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl‐alt‐2,5‐divinylthiophene), consisting of thienylenevinylene as the donor and trifluoromethyl‐substituted biphenyl as the acceptor has been successfully synthesized. CF3‐PBTV shows solution‐processability without electrically insulating long alkyl side chains. Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction results suggest a nearly equal population of flat‐on and end‐on domains in CF3‐PBTV thin film. The excellent ambipolarity of CF3‐PBTV is demonstrated by well‐equivalent charge mobilities of 0.065 and 0.078 cm2 V−1 s−1 for p‐ and n‐channel, respectively. The organic field‐effect transistors (OFET) also shows very high on/off ratio (≈107) which is attributed to the relatively large bandgap and low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of CF3‐PBTV. The OFET performance barely changes after the device is stored in ambient conditions for 90 days. The ambient‐stability is attributed to the enhanced oxidative stability from its low‐lying HOMO and the better moisture resistance from its fluorine contents. The performance of CF3‐PBTV based OFET is annealing independent. It is noteworthy that the solution‐processable, ambipolar, and thienylenevinylene‐containing conjugated polymer without any long alkyl side chains is reported for the first time. And to the best of our knowledge, it is the first ambient‐stable, annealing‐free OFET with well‐equivalent ambipolarity.