bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HAMM A Hybrid Algorithm of Min-Min and Max-Min Task Scheduling Algorithms in Cloud Computing
Authors:   Postgraduate Student IT Department, FCIT, Sana’a University, Sana‟a, Yemen., Thiyeb Ibrahim A. , Alhomdy Dr. Sharaf A. ,   Associate Prof., IT Department, FCIT, Sana’a University, Sana‟a, Yemen.
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, with the huge development of information and computing technologies, the cloud computing is becoming the highly scalable and widely computing technology used in the world that bases on pay-per-use, remotely access, Internet-based and on-demand concepts in which providing customers with a shared of configurable resources. But, with the highly incoming user’s requests, the task scheduling and resource allocation are becoming major requirements for efficient and effective load balancing of a workload among cloud resources to enhance the overall cloud system performance. For these reasons, various types of task scheduling algorithms are introduced such as traditional, heuristic, and meta-heuristic. A heuristic task scheduling algorithms like MET, MCT, Min-Min, and Max-Min are playing an important role for solving the task scheduling problem. This paper proposes a new hybrid algorithm in cloud computing environment that based on two heuristic algorithms; Min-Min and Max-Min algorithms. To evaluate this algorithm, the Cloudsim simulator has been used with different optimization parameters; makespan, average of resource utilization, load balancing, average of waiting time and concurrent execution between small length tasks and long size tasks. The results show that the proposed algorithm is better than the two algorithms Min-Min and Max-Min for those parameters.
Hybrid Sentiment Analyzer for Opinion Mining Indian Admission Scenario
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department. of computer science, Aryabhatta College, University of Delhi., Jagwani Dr. Priti
Published: November 2020

Social media has become one of the widely acclaimed tool for sharing information as well as expressing ideas and emotions. The work depicts the dual aspect task of analyzing and comprehending data available on Twitter platform. This is done using NLP techniques. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic technique; the major topics discussed in tweets (of data set taken), have been identified. The input for this Latent Dirichlet Allocation is given by NLP technique – Bag of Words. For further processing, identification of the underlying emotions contained in tweets using the techniques of Sentiment Analysis is done. The result of sentiment analysis is in the polar form. As a case study, a scenario of admissions in India for UG and PG has been considered. The whole process has captured the opinions of stake holders taking part in the admission process. Tweeter data of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) admission has been used to collect the data in order to conduct the experiment. Major topics discussed in tweets and the fundamental emotions contained are obtained as results along with the polarity of the tweets.
Lean Waste in Construction Industry
Authors:   Associate Professor of Civil and Structural Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar, (Tamil Nadu), India., A Gokul , Prabaghar Dr. A. ,   Associate Professor of Civil and Structural Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar, (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: November 2020

The construction industry is the most important factor to develop a powerful impact in economic growth all over the world. In construction, there are several activities which create a waste. Those activities will not increase the profit of the whole projects. So, the lean construction tools can reduce the construction waste at any stages of project. Reducing the wastage will improve the project execution, provide value for customers and positive results on the national economy.
Measurement of Slice Thickness of a Medical Image using a Wedge Phanto
Authors:   Department of Radiological Science, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of  Korea., Hong Cheolpyo
Published: November 2020

Slice thickness measurement is an essential parameter of performance evaluation for the medical imaging system. This study demonstrates the characteristics of slice thickness measurement for medical images using a wedge digital phantom. A wedge-shaped digital phantom was generated and the ideal edge response function (ERF) was extracted from line profile in single slice. The corresponding slice profile was calculated by the derivative of ERF. The wedge phantom obtained by applying gaussian convolving to a digital phantom was also generated to produce similarities to real medical images. Unlike an ideal slice profile, it was estimated by the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the Gaussian function fitting. In addition, we evaluate the effect of background noise and wedge angle for the wedge phantom. The estimated FWHM of the image with noise added was increased by 10.4% compared to the image without noise. However, the FWHM from the line profiles averaging on the noise-added image was estimated by 0.2% reduction than the noise-free image. The line profiles averaging improves the accurate measurement of slice thickness by decreasing the noise. Despite the wedge angle changing from 45 to 30 degrees, the resulting FWHM was estimated to have less than 1% difference. However, the length of the line profile to be acquired should be increased as the wedge angle increases.
Cybersecurity Assessments
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (MGIT), Hyderabad, India., Gadalay Sanjana
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to review the existing cybersecurity assessments and practices used by technology companies to protect their assets from potential harm and damage. Today, the software systems have thousands of vulnerabilities and, when breached, can cost the companies millions of dollars. A clear path for identifying risks, detecting threats, and responding to them is imperative. However, it is not easy to quantify cybersecurity risks as the networks and networks of networks are becoming complicated and, so most risk assessments use relevant parameters to calculate a risk score. If this score is high, it has a high impact on the critical systems. This knowledge helps hi-tech companies such as finance, banking, healthcare, defense, and supply-chain sectors to prioritize their actions and investments effectively. This study examines the risk assessment strategies and steps that companies adopt across the software development lifecycle (SDLC) to stay ahead of cybersecurity risks.
Analysis of Monetary Policy and its Impact on Indian Economy
Authors:   Mittal School of Business, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India., Kaur Dr. Manpreet , Sunanda  ,   Lovely Professional University Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Published: November 2020

Monetary policy matters for growth both in the short-run and long-run. This study focuses on theevaluation of monetarypolicyandits impact on Indian economy. Via monitoring the level of money supply, the central bank strives to protect price stability. The study is done using various indicators and factors such as Gross domestic product as dependent variable and repo rate, reverse repo rate, unemployment, Foreign direct investment and inflation as independent variable. Using these variables, it was found out that the economy of a nation is totally dependent on these factors. The parameter of calculating GDP was different. The objective of the research is to know effectiveness of monetary policy in India and to analyze the impact of selected monetary instruments on Indian Economy.
Image Watermarking Hybrid Approach for Embedding Binary Watermark into the Digital Image
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, OM Engineering College, Junagadh, Gujarat, India., Raviya Dr. Kaushik H. , Vyas Dr. DwivediVed ,   Vice Chancellor, Gokul Global University, Siddhpur, Gujarat, India., Kothari Dr. Ashish M. ,   Deputy Registrar & Associate Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Atmiya University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
Published: November 2020

This paper illustrates a unique approach for embedding binary image watermarks into the digital images. or the purpose of watermarking; we made use of three most influential transforms in the field of image processing i.e. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). For the sake of estimation, comparison and calculation of our approach we calculated three image quality parameters specifically peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), Mean square error (MSE) and Correlation.
Coated Tungsten Carbide Inserts: Effects on Machinability in Turning of AISI 1020 Steel
Authors:   Deparment of Mechanical Engineering, Trujillo National university, Trujillo, Perú., Alza Víctor Alcántara
Published: November 2020

How the different types of cutting inserts coatings influence on surface roughness and tool wear, taking these two factors as machinability criteria, in turning carbon steel bars AISI 1020 was investigated. Specimens of 36 mm in diameter and 200 mm in length tested were made. Uncoated inserts and coated WC tungsten carbide inserts with: TiN; TiN / Al2O3 and TiC / Al2O3 / TiN, were use. The tests were carried out on automatic parallel lathe, using the cutting parameters: 1500 rpm; a= 0,25 mm/rev; p= 0,4 mm; therefore, the cutting speed was Vc= 170 m/min. Roughness was measured in the roughness meter: Mitutoyo, Surftest-211, and a high resolution optical microscope was used to measure the flank wear, complementing with SEM electron microscopy. It was found that the lowest roughness Ra is obtained using Triple inserts showing a variation Ra = 2μm. The maximum flank wear VB = 300μm was taken as machinability criterion, to later determine the tool life for each insert. The uncoated insert life was 8 mim, and TiN coated insert life was 14.5 min, while the bilayer and trilayer coating inserts did not exhaust their life for 12,000 mm length machining. Uncoated and TiN-coated inserts showed strong wear and workpiece material build-up (BUE). The double and triple layer inserts did not show this phenomenon due to the Al203 compound which is chemically inert at high temperatures. The most prevalent mechanisms in the inserts wear was adhesion and abrasion. No direct or inverse relationship was found between wear and roughness.
COVID-19 y SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Pinzón-Junca Alfredo
Published: November 2020

Durante la actual pandemia se están viendo usos incorrectos de algunos términos científicos relacionados, que en este caso corresponden a siglas o acrónimos provenientes del idioma inglés, pero que en nuestra lengua deben respetar las normas de la ortografía española.
WOMEN IN THE AGE GROUP OF 20 TO 50 YEARS ARE LESS PRONE TO DEVELOP NAFLD IN KERALA, SOUTH INDIA: A POPULATION BASED STUDY
Authors: T Shenoy K , B Leena K , T Sheela Shenoy
Published: November 2020

Aim To investigate frequency, gender-specific differences and impact of polymorphisms in Non alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) among the population of Kerala State, South India with a high incidence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM). Methods In a Community based study, data were collected on anthropometry, blood pressure, morbidity patterns and Ultrasound was carried out in 484 subjects. 121 subjects were excluded due to other findings on ultrasonography, hepatitis B and C. 363 subjects, 126 with NAFLD (cases) and 237 with no NAFLD (controls) were evaluated. Blood samples collected after 12 hours fasting were analysed for blood glucose, Liver Function Tests, Lipid profile and Genetic studies for MTP polymorphisms. Results A low prevalence of NAFLD was noted in women below the age of 50 years (P<0.05). Prevalence of Type 2 DM was 14% and more common in men (P=0.002). Mean BMI was 25.5 for the NAFLD group and 23.2 for controls (p< 0.001). Women with NAFLD had higher BMI (P=0.003), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P=0.030), LDL (P=0.001), HDL (P=0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (P<0.001) than men with NAFLD. Women with NAFLD had increased total cholesterol, higher AST/ALT ratio, (P<0.001) and diastolic BP (P=0.061) compared to women controls. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) T-substitution at -493 was significantly more common in NAFLD than controls (P=0.003). High prevalence was noted among females as carriers (P=0.002). More than 80% of the T-allele carriers were females in the 20-50 years of age group, compared to 25% among males. Conclusion Women under 50 years of age had less NAFLD but more often had type 2 DM, metabolic syndrome, high BMI and the MTP -493 mutation.. The specific age cut-off, for differences, indicates that estrogens may play an important role.
Commento alla traduzione. Traduttori non sempre traditori
Authors: Tylusinska-Kowalska Anna
Published: November 2020

Starting from a statement of Pirandello concerning the art of translation, the essay aims to reflect on the concept of translator and on the frequent false attribution of traitor. In addition to this, the essay focuses on the Italian translation of the literary work of Adalberto Alves A presença dos dias / La presenza dei giorni.
Amendments to the Law on Assemblies Against the Background of the Constitutional Freedom of Assembly in Poland
Authors: Stępień-Załucka Beata
Published: November 2020

Article 57 of the Polish Constitution outlines one of the fundamental political human and civil freedoms: freedom of assembly. Currently, in Poland, this freedom has been affected by amendments to the provisions regulating it, contained in the Law on Assemblies. The introduced changes, due to their nature, understandably give rise doubts of theoretical, legal, and practical nature. And it is against the background of the constitutional regulation of the meaning and role of freedom of assembly that the reflections in this paper are presented.
God’s Monism: A Further Reply to Beata Polanowska-Sygulska
Authors: Hardy Henry
Published: November 2020

Against Beata Polanowksa-Sygulska (BP-S), I insist on the incompatibility between the pluralism of comprehensive world-views and belief in the monist, universalist tenets of the principal world religions, noting that God the Father and God the Son were both monists. I argue that my position is entailed by Isaiah Berlin’s rejection of the unique truth of any one comprehensive outlook, and that both Berlin and BP-S confuse toleration with acceptance. I reject the charges that my position is monistic, and that I give insufficient attention to conflict within individual values, which can in any case be treated as conflict between values.
Is Post-Mortem Organ Donation a Duty Towards Society and Can It Be Justified by Public Interest? Recent Bills to Amend the German Transplantation Law
Authors: Łaszewska-Hellriegel Martyna
Published: November 2020

The issue of organ donation from deceased donors remains unsatisfactorily resolved in Germany. The number of donors has remained very low in recent years. Consequently, the German Bundestag was holding a debate on two MP bills aimed at amending the organ transplantation law. Two main bills were presented by different groups of MPs. The more controversial of them, supported by the Minister of Health, tried to introduce the opt-out model into Germany’s organ transplantation system. The second one aimed to improve the existing opt-in model. During the final voting, the Bundestag decided against the opt-out model and in favour of the improved opt-in one. In some experts’ eyes, an opt-out model imposes an obligation on the citizens to donate an organ after brain death. Can such a duty to the society be justified by public interest or other principles? The goal of this article is to offer an answer to this question by analysing the provisions of the German constitution.
PENGGUNAAN METODE BRIEF COUNSELING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT DAN KEBERHASILAN TERAPI PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI APOTEK KHANZA FARMA GAMBUT
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Borneo Lestari, Fahlevi Muhammad Reza , Rahim Aulia
Published: November 2020

Hypertension is a chronic disease that causes many deaths when handled incorrectly, characterized by blood pressure above normal values. Hypertensive patients require pharmacist intervention to achieve control of blood pressure within normal limits. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of the brief counseling method to improve medication adherence and control the blood pressure of hypertensive patients to be in the range of normal blood pressure values ​​at the Khanza Farma Pharmacy. This study used a quasi experimental design by providing 60 patients with brief counseling intervention to hypertension patients. Study data from patients were followed and collected prospectively. Data collection using a questionnaire given before and after the intervention brief counseling. The exclusion criteria in this study were deaf, pregnant, illiterate, and uncooperative patients. Blood pressure data collected is pressure data taken pre and post study. Questionnaire data and blood pressure were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the post study (p <0.05) after gave brief counseling. Brief counseling had an effect on increasing patient adherence (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is an increase in patient adherence and a decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive patients after being given brief counseling.
Migración de los Padres y el Rendimiento Académico del Estudiante
Authors: Saquimux Canastuj Nery Edgar
Published: November 2020

La migración de padres de familia en búsqueda de trabajo en los Estados Unidos ha provocado el derrumbe del núcleo familiar con una secuela de efectos en la conducta de los hijos. En esta investigación se abordó el impacto del abandono de los padres migrantes en la conducta escolar y rendimiento académico de los jóvenes de los institutos del nivel medio del departamento de Suchitepéquez. Fue un estudio de casos que abarcó en su primera parte la relación entre la migración paterna y el rendimiento académico de los jóvenes. El efecto que resalta la investigación es la percepción de los jóvenes en que su futuro no está en la migración de su paí­s sino en la salir adelante con sus estudios, tratar de culminar una carrera universitaria, hacer una familia y vivir en Guatemala. A pesar de que la falta de la figura paterna afecta su disciplina en su desarrollo escolar, los jóvenes mostraron una prematura madurez psicológica que los ubica en su realidad y ven la vida como un compromiso personal de buscar el éxito preparándose académicamente y no migrar de Guatemala como lo hicieron sus padres.
IDEOLOGICAL REPRESENTATIONS IN POLITICIAN AND PUBLIC COMMENTARIES ON DKI JAKARTA REGIONAL ELECTION: JUDGING FROM THE VOCABULARY USAGE
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Humairah Liza Halimatul
Published: November 2020

The multitude of news related to the Jakarta Regional Election caused many people to respond, not only politicians but also society. This study aims to describe the ideology behind the statements and comments of politicians and the public about the 2017 DKI Jakarta Regional Election political news from the use of vocabulary. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach and content analysis method based on Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis theory. The results showed that (1) three ideological representations, namely religionism, secularism, and neutrality found in politicians' statements about the DKI Regional Election in the online mass media, and (2) four ideological representations, namely religionism, secularism, liberalism, and neutrality found in public comments about the political discourse of the DKI Regional Election on social media. However, based on the dominance of its use, it can be concluded that the political discourse battle for the 2017 DKI Jakarta Regional Election is motivated by two ideologies, namely secularism and religionism, both in politicians' statements and public comments. Religious ideology is represented through the vocabulary that raises issues of faith, sharia, and morals; and linking it in choosing government leaders. On the other hand, Secular ideology is represented through vocabulary related to the ideal government leader, such as honest, intelligent, creative, etc. and does not link it to the religious factor he adheres.
Multinational Joint Task Force’s Fight against Insurgency in the Lake Chad Basin Region
Authors: Kehinde Alufoge Olufunso , Metumara Duruji Moses
Published: November 2020

Describing north east Nigeria without making mention of insurgency would be incomplete, as the resurgence of insurgent groups particularly Jamā'at Ahl as-Sunnah lid-Da'wah wa'l-Jihād commonly refered to as Boko Haram have wreaked havoc in the region for close to 12 years. In response to the activities of insurgent groups, the African Union Peace and Security Council and the authority of the Lake Chad Basin Commission moved to expand the mandate of the MNJJT to include counter insurgency. The task force is made up of orcesrom Cameroon, Chad,Niger Nigeria and Benin republic. The task force have been able to make considerable gains against insurgency, however, insurgency still remains a major challenge in the region, which makes necessary an appraisal of the task force in justifying the purpose of its creation. The study reveals major challenges like inadequate technical knowhow, inadequate funding amongst others threatens the operations of the MNJTF. The paper recommends that military response is solely incapable of addressing insurgency, member States need to re-examine counter insurgency policies to be multidimensional.
COLORECTAL CANCER AND FEATURES OF ITS METASTASIS
Authors: Vlasov Oleg , Tkachev Sergey , Prorokov Vasiliy
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the frequency of regional metastasis detection in patients with operative colorectal cancer as well as the frequency and patterns of the appearance of distant metastases depending on the presence or absence of regional metastases, tumor localization and the method of treatment. It was found that the frequency of distant metastases in colorectal cancer depended mainly on the presence or absence of metastases in the regional lymph nodes. Some influence on the decrease in the frequency of distant metastasis was exacerbated by the preoperative radiation exposure by radiomodifiers and on the increase - the interval between the end of the radiation treatment phase and the moment of surgery. In rectal cancer the localization of distant metastases depended on the level of tumor localization. In colon cancer the major part (81.6%) of distant metastases was located in the liver, the rest 18.4% -extrahepatic and was represented by peritoneum dissemination, metastases in the ovary and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Among colon cancer patients after the combined treatment there were no cases of tumor dissemination through the abdominal cavity and the appearance of lymphogenous metastases.
RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION OF CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Levshin Vladimir , Zavelskaya A.
Published: November 2020

An analytical review of research in the field of epidemiology and carcinogenesis of cervical cancer and measures and technologies for the prevention of this form of cancer has been carried out. There are considered data on the main proven risk factors for cervical cancer, which are as follows: certain characteristics of sexual behavior and reproductive history, sexual infections and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), tobacco smoking and some other lifestyle characteristics. According to world reference data the analysis of existing methods of cervical cancer prevention including sanitation, HPV vaccination and various types of screening for cervical cancer was conducted. Data on the significance, effectiveness and availability of various preventive technologies are presented.
ESTIMATION OF PROBABILITY OF A LESION OF THE PROJECTION SKIN FLAP OVER TUMOR DURING BREAST CANCER SURGERY
Authors: Khamitov Ayrat , Ismagilov Artur , Afanaseva Zinaida
Published: November 2020

The article considers the estimation of probability of a lesion of the projection skin flap over tumor for the possibility of displacement of the surgical access into aesthetically acceptable zones during the surgical treatment of nodular breast cancer. The results of examinations of 240 patients (T1-3N0-3M0) were analyzed. It was determined that the risk factors affecting a lesion of the projection skin flap were the presence of the symptom "site" in the patient as well as the topographic and anatomical indicators: tumor less than 3 cm in size, located at a depth of less than 0.8 ± 0.2 cm, tumor more than 3 cm in size, located at a depth of less than 1.5 cm. Based on the data obtained an algorithm for the actions of a practicing oncologist was drawn up for a one-stage reconstruction of the breast from an aesthetically acceptable zone.
EFFECT OF METFORMIN, MELATONIN AND THEIR COMBINATIONS WITH PACLITAXEL ON THE GROWTH OF TRANSPLANTABLE HER2-POSITIVE BREAST TUMOR IN FEMALE FVB/N MICE
Authors: Osipov Mikhail , Semiglazova Tatyana , Popovich Irina , Panchenko Andrey , Tyndyk Margarita , Zabezhinskiy Mark , Klimenko Veronika , Stukov Aleksandr , Anisimov Vladimir
Published: November 2020

69 female FVB/N mice were used. After subcutaneous inoculation of tumor cells of transplantable HER2-positive mammary adenocarcinoma all animals were randomly divided into 7 groups and received metformin 100 mg /kgdaily, melatonin 10 mg/kg daily, paclitaxel 6 mg/kg once a week as a monotherapy or in combination. Treatment efficacy was assessed by tumor growth inhibition and the tumor growth index. It was shown that melatonin increased the cytotoxic effect of pacli-taxel whereas monotherapy with metformin led to statistically significant tumor growth inhibition
THE USE OF MOLECULAR-GENETIC TESTING TO CONFIRM THE DIAGNOSIS OF PRIMARY-MULTIPLE LUNG CANCER (PMLC): A DESCRIPTION OF THE CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Nefedov Andrey , Tyurin Vladislav , Imyanitov Yevgeniy , Mityushkina Natalya
Published: November 2020

This article describes a case of synchronous bilateral lung cancer, which was diagnosed with the use of molecular-ge-netics testing. Identification of two distinct KRAS mutations in tumors of right and left lungs supported independent origin of these neoplasms.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER
Authors: Miryusupova Gulya , Khakimov G. , Shayusupov N.
Published: November 2020

Breast cancer ranks the first place in the structure of morbidity and mortality from malignant tumors of the female population of the Republic of Uzbekistan. According to data of 598 patients with breast cancer biological features of HER2/ neu-positive breast cancer were studied in 109 (18.2 %) cases/ In addition in 31 cases the immunohistochemical analysis on HER2/neu was established as “+2”, the FISH-test was not conducted. Among patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer the patients of the indigenous ethnos (Uzbeks) were 54 %. In general among patients with HER2/neu-positive breast cancer the prevalence of locally advanced forms of the disease was noted. Luminal B with HER2/neu-overexpression (45 %) - the average age of patients was 50.4 ± 13.2 years, the average level of Ki67 was 37.8 % ; HER2/neu-overexpress-ing breast cancer (55 %) - the average age of patients was 51.3 ± 9.2 years, the average level of Ki67 was 47.1 %.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRAL LOAD AND HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE TO EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS IN GASTRIC CANCER PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI
Authors: Vusik Marina , Cheremisina Olga , Pleshko Raisa , Avdeenko T.
Published: November 2020

Both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and H. pylori (НР) have been implicated in the carcinogenesis of the stomach. The results of studying НР-infection, antiviral humoral immune response to EBV and viral load in tumor tissues as well as their prognostic significance were analyzed in 54 patients with stage I-IV gastric cancer. It was shown that high titers of IgG to viral capsid antigen (VCA) (>1: 320), IgА to VCA (>1: 10) and IgG to EBV early antigens (EA) were typical for gastric cancer patients, thus indicating high antiviral immune responses. High titers of antiviral antibodies (IgG to VCA, IgG to EBV EA) and high intensity of viral load in the tumor (more than 3 copies of EBV DNA per 105 cells) were found to correlate with absence of HP infection. On the contrary, low concentrations of serum IgG to VCA were observed in most HP-positive patients (81%). The analysis of prognostic significance of parameters associated with infectious agents showed that the only concentration of IgA to EBV VCA in blood serum had a prognostic potential in the assessment of overall survival. The 2-and 3-year overall survival rates were higher in gastric cancer patients in whom serum EBV VCA-IgA antibody titers were not detected than in patients with serum EBV VCA-IgA antibody titers of >1: 10 (43.2±1.7% and 37.7±1.9% versus 12.1±1.5% and 8.7±0.9%, respectively; р<0.05).
POLYMORPHISM ARG72PRO OF THE P53 GENE AND THE RISK OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS ASSOCIATED CERVICAL CANCER IN WOMEN FROM KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Isakova Zhaynagul , Talaybekova Elnura , Makieva Kyyal , Bukuev N. , Asambaeva D. , Aldashev A.
Published: November 2020

Aim. Allele frequency and genotype distribution in the cervical cancer group were compared with those of the control group to determine whether polymorphism Arg72Pro of Р53 gene elevates the susceptibility of Kyrgyz women to cervical cancer (CC).
Materials and Methods. A total of 102 women (mean age 53,5±10 years) of Kyrgyz nationality with cervical cancer were recruited into the study and 102 healthy women were used as the control group (mean age 46,5±8,5 years). The diagnosis of cervical cancer was confirmed histologically. 88 % (90/102) of women with cervical cancer were human papillomavirus (HPV) positive. 17 % (15/90) specimens were positive for HPV type 16, 48 % (43/90) were positive for HPV type 18 and 35 % (32/90) were positive both HPV - 16/18. Presence of human papillomavirus DNA types 16 and 18 was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescence detection. The Arg72Pro polymorphisms of the P53 gene were determined by the PCR-RFLP method.
Results. No significant difference was found between genotype distributions in the cervical cancer patients and the control group (χ2=1,24; р=0,54). However, the Arg72Arg genotype and Arg72 allele was significantly more frequent in women with cervical cancers infected with HPV than in the control group (χ2=7,25; р=0,027 for для genotype, χ2=6,83; р=0,009 for allele). Women who are HIV positive and having the Arg72 allele had 1,94 fold (OR=1,94 [1,20-3,15]; р=0,009) higher risk of developing CC compared with subjects carrying neither of these alleles. HPV positive women carrying the genotype Arg72Arg had 1,85 fold (OR=1,85 [1,03-3,32]; р=0,027) higher risk of CC.
Conclusion. The Arg72Arg genotype of р53 gene in HIV positive women from Kyrgyz Republic may represent a potential risk factor for the development of cervical cancer.
THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN TUMOR AND IMMUNE CELLS IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE ORAL MUCOSA
Authors: Kutukova Svetlana , Belyak Natalya , Raskin Grigoriy , Mukhina Marina , Manikhas Georgiy , Yaremenko Andrey , Ivaskova Yuliya , Kuzmina M. , Pestova N.
Published: November 2020

The most frequent of malignant tumor cites of the oral mucosa are tongue - 55 %, mucosa of the cheek - 12 %, the fundus of the oral cavity - 10 %, the alveolar process of the upper jaw and the hard palate - 9 %, the alveolar process of the lower jaw - 6 %, the soft palate - 2 %. Malignant tumor cells carry PD-L1 ligands on their surface and its expression level is often correlated with an unfavorable prognosis in particular for such tumors as melanoma, kidney cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. It is relevant to evaluate the correlation between overexpression of PD-L1 and overall survival in patients with malignant tumors of the oral mucosa.
INFLUENCE OF INACTIVATION OF THE M-PROTEIN GENE ON ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF LIVE STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Suvorova Mariya , Kramskaya Tatyana , Duplik Nadezhda , Chereshnev Valeriy , Grabovskaya Korneliya , Yermolenko Yelena , Suvorov Aleksey , Kiseleva Yekaterina
Published: November 2020

There was investigated a new recombinant strain of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M39, which did not express M-protein - “Gurov” emm-. It revealed a higher antitumor activity towards transplantable solid murine tumors compared to wild type “Gurov”. In a model of sygeneic transplantable hepatoma 22a we observed retardation of tumor growth and increase of survival after twice intratumoral injections of live S. pyogenes “Gurov” emm- as compared to a group of mice that received injections of S. pyogenes “Gurov” as well as to a control group of mice without treatment. In a model of transplantable Sarcoma 37 we also observed retardation of tumor growth after the introduction of mutant strain but without positive effect on survival. Additionally, it was showed that “Gurov” emm- strain possessed a higher direct cytotoxic effect towards hepatoma 22а cell line in vitro as compared to wild type “Gurov”. Genetic modification of S. pyogenes “Gurov” strain attenuated its virulence and allowed to consider this strain as potent candidate for further studies and its possible application for oncolytic therapy in the future.
SIALIC ACID IN THE PRIMARY AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER
Authors: Belskaya Lyudmila , Kosenok Viktor , Массард Ж.
Published: November 2020

So far optimization problems for diagnostics and prognostication aids remained relevant for lung cancer as a leader in the structure of cancers. Objective: a search for regularities of changes in the saliva enzyme activity in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer. In the case-control study, 505 people took part, divided into 2 groups: primary (lung cancer, n=290) and control (conventionally healthy, n=215). All the participants went through a questionnaire survey, saliva biochemical counts, and a histological verification of their diagnosis. The enzyme activity was measured with spectrophotometry. Between-group differences were measured with the nonparametric test. It was shown that in terms of lung cancer, we observe metabolic changes, described with the decreased de Ritis coefficient (p
ROLE OF LYMPHADENECTOMY IN TREATMENT FOR EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER
Authors: Gorodnova Tatyana , Berlev Igor , Urmancheeva Adiliya , Bakhidze Yelena , Domanskiy Andrey , Mikaya Nikolay , Amelina Inna , Meshkova Irina , Lavrinovich Olga , Ulrikh Yelena , Sidoruk Anna , Nekrasova Yekaterina , Smirnova Olga , Ibragimov Zaur , Kotiv Khristina , Bondarev Nikolay , Guseynov Katran , Matveeva N.
Published: November 2020

To study the role of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) the work was divided into two parts. In the first part for a retrospective analysis 852 patients with stage I-IV OC, who were treated from January 2000 to January 2014, were selected to investigate the localization of the first relapse of the disease. In the second part, prospective from August 2016 to April 2017, in 28 patients with stage I-IV OC the surgical stage of the combined treatment was supplemented by iliac-pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy; in this group the results of surgical staging were studied. The incidence of isolated recurrence in para-aortic lymph nodes in the group of early OC was 3/28 (11%), in pelvic 2/28 (7%), whereas in the group of advanced OC - in para-aortic lymph nodes 9/24 (37%), in iliac-pelvic 10/24 (42%), combined in pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes 5/24 (21%). In the prospective group the lesion of pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes was observed in 2/28 (7%) of patients with the presumed I stage of the disease and in 2/28 (7%) with the presumed stage II, which resulted in re-staging of the disease. In 2 cases the clinical IA and IB stages were re-staged to IIIA and this required 6 courses of chemotherapy. In 2/28 (7%) patients metastases to para-aortic lymph nodes were detected in the absence of pelvic lesions.
ADVANTAGES OF SHORT-TERM AND PROLONGED COURSES OF PREOPERATIVE RADIATION THERAPY FOR RECTAL CANCER
Authors: Kit Oleg , Gevorkyan Yuriy , Gusareva Marina , Rozenko Lyudmila , Soldatkina Natalya , Kharagezov Dmitriy , Beletskiy G.
Published: November 2020

Results of preoperative radiation therapy for 119 patients with resectable rectal T3-4N0-1M0 cancer were analyzed. 52 patients received a short-term course of the large-fraction radiation therapy and 67 patients received a prolonged course of chemoradiation therapy. The results demonstrated that the prolonged course reduced clinical signs of the disease twice as much as the short course, it reduced the tumor size and increased the distance to the anorectal line (p
THERAPUTIC ALTERNATIVES FOR PHANTOM LIMB PAIN FOLLOWING SURGERY
Authors: Ryazankina Alla , Karelov Aleksey , Glushchenko Vladimir , Rozengard S. , Rogachev M.
Published: November 2020

A study of different analgesic methods for phantom limb pain has been performed in 35 patients who had undergone limb amputation or exarticulation because of oncological disease or vascular disorders. Postoperative analgesia consisted of cyclooxygenese inhibitor and weak opioid. High intensive phantom limb pain appeared in 17 (48.6%) patients that required an administration of pregabalin followed by adenosine triphosphate infusion as analgotesting procedure: it had a success in 9 (52.9%) patients. Remaining 6 patients received nefopam that was effective in 5 of 8 (65.5%) patients. Epidural anesthesia was used with good results in remaining 3 patients. Thus, our data emphasize the complex of phantom limb pain mechanisms and necessity of study for elaboration of medicine effectiveness with different mechanisms of action for such cases.
RESTORATION OF THE CONTINUITY OF THE COLON AFTER ITS RESECTIONS BY THE HARTMANN TYPE: COMPLEXITIES AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM
Authors: Akhmetzyanov Foat , Yegorov Vasiliy , Valiev Nail
Published: November 2020

Colorectal cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. More than 50% of cases are diagnosed at stage III-IV of the disease when there are already clinical signs of complications from tumor. Surgical treatment of complicated forms of CC despite the availability of methods of minimally invasive methods for their resolution almost always ends with the formation of the intestinal stoma, which significantly worsens the quality of life leading to disability and social disadaptation. Approximately in 50% of such patients intestinal stoma for various reasons remains for life. Surgical rehabilitation of patients with intestinal stoma is one of the most difficult problems since reconstructive surgery on the large intestine refers to complex categories of surgical interventions and is accompanied by a high incidence of postoperative complications. A review of literature on the reconstructive-reconstructive stage in patients with functioning intestinal stomas will make it possible to familiarize the specialists with the most common problems such as the choice of the optimal operation term, the type of operative access, the development, diagnosis and treatment diversionary colitis, scar-adhesive process and ways of its prevention after the primary surgerY., prevention and treatment of purulent-septic complications, insufficiency of seams of intestinal anastomosis.
EXPERIENCE OF RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BREAST WITH THE USE OF THORACODORSAL FLAP
Authors: Krivorotko Petr , Semiglazov Vladimir , Belyaev Aleksey , Nikolaev Kirill , Tabagua Tengiz , Zhiltsova Yelena , Bessonov Aleksandr , Ivanov Vyacheslav , Yemelyanov Aleksandr , Komyakhov Aleksandr , Dashyan Garik , Zernov Konstantin , Nikitina M.
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To analyze the results of treatment and the quality of medical care for breast cancer patients with breast reconstruction using thoracodorsal flap (TDF).
Material and methods: The study was conducted on the basis of the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology at the Department of Breast Tumors for the period 2016-2017. When using the reconstruction of the breast with the help of TDF the feature was the complete intersection of the muscle in the anterior-axillary line before closing the defect of the breast tissue but with the preservation of the thoracodorsal vascular sheaf. Surgical treatment was provided to 67 patients with breast cancer including after neoadjuvant therapy.
Results: One-time reconstruction was performed in 16 (23.8%) patients under the organ-preserving surgery, mastectomy in two (2.9%) patients and mastectomy with implant placement in 27 (40.2%) patients. Delayed reconstruction of the breast: TDF in combination with the implant - 20 (29.8%), the use of TDF without an implant - 2 (2.9%) patients. Complications were observed in 6 (8.9%) patients.
Conclusion: Reconstruction of the breast with TDF is the method of choice and priority for patients who underwent radiation therapy with a lack of integumentary tissues to cover the implant. TDF is a «good» plastic material and could be used in patients with severe defect of breast shape after organ-preserving surgery and mastectomy. TDF is characterized by a low incidence of complications. The use of TDF does not worsen the rehabilitation of patients and does not shift the timing of adjuvant treatment.
RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PANCREATITIS AND THE RISK OF CANCER AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Lubyanskiy Vladimir , Seroshtanov Vasiliy , Semenova Ye.
Published: November 2020

The aim: To analyze results of surgical treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and to assess the causes of pancreatic cancer after surgical treatment.
Materials and methods: 137 patients had duodenum-preserving resections of the pancreas.
Results: In the histological examination of the pancreas it was established that the growth of fibrous tissue was registered in patients with CP., which in 19 (13.8%) almost completely replaced the acinar tissue. In the long term after the operation from 6 months to 2 years in 8 patients (5.8%) pancreatic cancer was detected. Possible causes of tumor origin were analyzed, the value of preservation of ductal hypertension, which affects the state of the duct’s epithelium, was established. The most commonly used for treatment of chronic pancreatitis the Frey surgery removed pancreatic hypertension but in two patients during the operation an insufficient volume of the pancreatic head was reconstructed. In the case of the abandonment of a large array of fibrous tissue, local hypertension was retained in the region of the ductal structures of the head, which led to the transformation of the duct epithelium. An essential factor in the problem of the preservation of pancreatic hypertension were the stenosis of pancreatic intestinal anastomoses, they arose in the long term in 4 operated patients. With stenosis of anastomosis after duodenum-preserving resection both the hypertension factor and the regeneration factor could be realized, which under certain circumstances might be significant. Conclusion: After resection of the pancreas for CP cancer was diagnosed in 5.8% of patients. The main method of preventing the risk of cancer was performing the Frey surgery for CP eliminating pancreatic hypertension in the head region of the pancreas. Diagnosis of stenosis in the late period after resection of the pancreas was an important element in the prevention of recurrence of cancer since a timely reconstructive operation could improve the drainage of duct structures.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICACY OF VARIOUS METHODS OF REGIONAL INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Zakharenko Aleksandr , Vovin Kirill , Kupenskaya Tatyana , Rybalchenko Vitaliy , Natkha Aleksandr , Ten Oleg , Zaytsev Danila , Trushin Anton , Belyaev Mikhail , Bagnenko Sergey
Published: November 2020

The main effective method of treatment for implantation metastases remains the regional treatment strategy. Systemic chemotherapy is ineffective. The standard treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis is cytoreductive surgery with intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermal perfusion (HIPEC), which is performed in an open, closed or laparoscopic way. In recent years a new method of intraperitoneal chemotherapy has been developed: laparoscopic aerosol intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIPAC). An experimental study is made to compare the efficacy and safety of various methods of intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMIC AND RADIATION THERAPY ON COMPLICATIONS IN ONCOPLASTIC SURGERY FOR BREAST CANCER
Authors: Krivorotko Petr , Semiglazov Vladimir , Belyaev Aleksey , Dzhelyalov Ernest , Tabagua Tengiz , Bessonov Aleksandr , Nikolaev Kirill , Komyakhov Aleksandr , Dashyan Garik , Zernov Konstantin , Nikitina M.
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To assess the influence of systemic and radiation therapy on complications in oncoplastic surgery.
Material and methods: The scientific work was carried out on the basis of the Department of Breast Tumors of the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Between January 2016 and December 2017 710 patients with morphologically confirmed BC who had undergone oncoplastic and reconstructive-plastic surgery were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 41.6 years. Patients with early breast cancer (283 patients) and locally advanced breast cancer (427 patients) were included in the study groups. Neoadjuvant treatment was performed in 239 patients, adjuvant in 132 patients.
Results: Postoperative complications were observed in 45 patients (6.3 %, N = 710) and were as follows: endoprosthesis protrusion (12 patients, 1.6 %), endoprosthesis rotation (2 patients, 0.28 %), marginal necrosis of the flap (3 patients, 0.42 %), defect of the endoprosthesis (3 patients, 0.42 %), contracture (1 patient, 0.14 %), necrosis of the nipple-areolar complex (2 patients, 0.28 %), and long (more than 3 weeks) ) lymphorrhoea (22 patients, 3.1 %).
Conclusion: An analysis of the causes of complications after performing oncoplastic surgery in BC patients would permit to avoid or reduce their frequency in the long term. Successfully performed breast reconstruction has a positive effect on rehabilitation of patients with breast cancer and the quality of their life.
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF GERMINOGENOUS TESTICULAR TUMORS
Authors: Khokhlova Anna , Semenova Tatyana , Kudaybergenova Asel , Artemeva Anna , Maksimova N.
Published: November 2020

Germinogenous testicular tumors are a disease of young men of working age. The incidence rate is increasing every year and more often these tumors are found in developed countries. With the correct and timely diagnosis the effectiveness of treatment is close to 100%. For the diagnosis it is necessary to use immunohistochemical examination, which includes a wide panel of markers.
A novel and robust heterogeneous Cu catalyst using modified lignosulfonate as support for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles
Authors: Lai Bingbing , Ye Meng , Liu Ping , Li Minghao , Bai Rongxian , Gu Yanlong
Published: November 2020

A waste biomass, sodium lignosulfonate, was treated with sodium 2-formylbenzenesulfonate, and the phenylaldehyde condensation product was then used as a robust supporting material to immobilize a copper species. The so-obtained catalyst was characterized by many physicochemical methods including FTIR, EA, FSEM, FTEM, XPS, and TG. This catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings, 2‑arylpyridines, aminonaphthalenes and 3-phenylisoquinolines. In addition, this catalyst showed to be recyclable and could be reused several times without significant loss in activity during the course of the reaction process.