bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching reading comprehension on narrative text by using short story: A case on teaching method
Authors: Sinamo David Suranta , Herman Herman , Marpaung Tiarma Intan
Published: March 2024

The main goal of this research is to know the effect of short story as a media to the students’ ability in reading comprehension. Short story can help the students at Grade Eight in SMP Negeri 9 Pematangsiantar to improve their ability in Reading Comprehension because the students had low motivation in reading. This research applied quantitative method. The population of this research at grade eight of SMP Negeri 9 Pematangsiantar.  The subject of this research is VIII-1 as experimental class consist of 30 students. and VIII-2 as the control class consist of 30 students. To analyze data, researcher used SPSS version 24, by conducting descriptive analysis, normality test, Wilcoxon test, Homogeneity test and Mann Whitney test. The results of data analysis using Mann Whitney test it is found that the Assymp value. Sig (2-tailed) on the Mann Whitney test is 0.000 < 0.05 Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. According to the aforementiond data, it can be concluded that using short story as a media, has a more significant impact than the class that do not use short story to the students’ ability in reading comprehension on recount text at grade eight in SMP Negeri 9 Pematang Siantar. The result is the mean score of post-tests in experimental class is 88,50 and, in the control, class the score of post-test is 45,00. Based on the finding of this research, the researcher concludes that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and null hypothesis (H0) is rejected.
Comparative analysis of adherence to rules and regulations in public and religious schools in Sabang City
Authors: Maimun  , Oktaviani Alfi , Hayati Erna
Published: March 2024

Education is a process of changing the behavior of students, meanwhile, school is a vehicle for developing the behavior of students who have not been able to play its role optimally. This study aims to determine the differences in obedience to the rules between SMA Negeri 1 Sabang dan MAN Sabang, to find out the factors that form student obedience to the rules in SMA Negeri 1 Sabang and MAN Sabang. This study uses a mix methods research that combines quantitative and qualitative research. The results showed that (1) there were differences in student obedience to dicipline between public schools an religious schools with a sig value of 0,029 < 0,05. (2) the factors that form student obedience to discipline are influenced by two factors, namely internal factor and external factors and with the support of school and community environmental factors.
Transformation of Religious Fundamentals for Students in Religious Studies at Balai Pengajian Guru Sekumpul, Pidie Regency
Authors: Saputra Nanda
Published: March 2024

Religious diversity is one of the significant aspects of Indonesian society. Among the various religions practiced in Indonesia, Islam has the largest number of followers. In this context, Islamic boarding schools or "pondok pesantren" and religious madrasas play a crucial role in strengthening the fundamental understanding of religion for the young Islamic generation, commonly known as "santri." One of the Islamic boarding schools that actively contributes to the development of religious knowledge among santri is BP Guru Sekumpul, located in Pidie Regency, Aceh. In this article on Community Service, I will discuss the community engagement activities conducted at BP Guru Sekumpul in Pidie Regency, Aceh, which aim to deepen the basic understanding of religion among santri in Aceh Pidie.
The role of community services in supporting micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the sub-district Palampang, Rilau Ale District Bulukumba Regency
Authors: Faidah Nurfaidah , Rusdiah  , Bunyamin  , Hadidu Andi
Published: March 2024

In implementing the sub-district's financial management seminar program and MSME support (digital-based businessdevelopment) activities, this is a program carried out by the STIE – YPUP Makassar Community Service Team, which provides extensive insight to the sub-district's personnel. It is intended to. Efforts to manage sub-district finances. Mean while, MSME support it self is carried out to improve the digital-based economy of the community. The methods used were focus group discussions (FGD) and visits to community business facilities. Conclusion The results show that the factors and causes related to the economy of the community of Palampang village were found. Business development seminars (online business) utilizing digital technology will expand the scope of product marketing for community businesses and have a positive impact on business development.
Education on Personal Financial Management for the Generation Z Personal Fianance Management Education in Tanjung Duren Village, Jakarta
Authors: Purwanto Setiyo , Parashakti Ryani Dhyan , Frimayasa Agtovia
Published: March 2024

The young generation is the driving force of a country's economy, such as Indonesia, based on the 2020 population census of 279.2 million people, where the proportion of generation Z reached 27.94%. Where as many young people as Gen Z must be equipped with good financial literacy through financial management knowledge that supports the nation's progress. Universities play an important role in helping society, especially generation Z, by providing financial management education. The contribution of universities plays an active role in helping generation Z understand how to manage their finances effectively. Apart from fulfilling their academic duties, universities also play an active role in applying their professional expertise in the field of economics.The main aim of this community service is to equip generation Z with the importance of financial literacy so that they can use financial resources more optimally amidst very diverse and tempting promotions and consumption offers. Community engagement activities in the Tanjung Duren area of ​​Jakarta, where the majority are generation Z, will be carried out through seminars that focus on long-term financial planning, expenditure analysis and debt management.
Training And Recognition of The Importance of Cybersecurity For Umkm In Entering The Digital Market
Authors: Yusnanto Tri
Published: March 2024

Borobudur district is a district located in Magelang district with 20 districts. Dusun Ngaran I is one of the dunes in Borobudur, with a number of UMKM perpetrators more than 15 UMKM. Asoy Warung UMKM is a UMKM in Dusun ngaran I that shakes in the field of processing of soy milk snakes. UMKM itself is a productive enterprise that is considered by individuals or enterprises that have met the criteria as a micro enterprise. The Covid-19 pandemic encourages UMKM to conduct business activities through digital platforms. So UMKM becomes a potential target for cyber security attacks. Lack of education and introduction to cyber security, many UMKM perpetrators are not aware of the threat of cyberattacks.The urgency of this activity is that the attacks targeting UMKM indirectly are the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic that requires to shift the process of transactions mainly sales and sales and promotions using digital media and the Internet. The education and training provided is to recognize digital assets, security defence updates, password management, threats of phishing and malware attacks as well as backup and data recovery. The objective of this activity is to provide training training and recognition of the importance of cyber capabilities for UMKM in entering the digital market. The methods carried out are training and support to know the digital asset and the application of the basics of cybersecurity in preventing cyber attacks.
Multi-Stakeholder Innovation Based Quadruple Helix Thinking : Teenage Promiscuity Prevention in Indonesia
Authors: Saodah Susanti Siti , Mustopa Azizuddin
Published: March 2024

The rising rates of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections demand a collaborative solution involving multiple stakeholders. To prevent promiscuity among teenagers, the Quadruple Helix Thinking approach is employed. The objective of this investigation is to examine the cooperation among stakeholders, notably Polsek, Puskesmas, and the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), in curbing promiscuity among teenagers residing around Pasir Jambu Village. This study employs a descriptive qualitative methodology to elucidate the role and efficacy of stakeholder collaboration in mitigating promiscuity among adolescents. The primary sources of data collection comprise input gathered from informants while the secondary data include supporting documents and records. The data gathering techniques involve surveys and interviews. The participants selected for this study consisted of junior and senior high school students from Jambu Village who were at risk for promiscuity. Interviews were conducted with both MUI and parents, following the specified criteria. Descriptive analysis was utilized, and the interactive model was adapted to analyze the data. The findings demonstrate that inter-agency collaboration effectively prevented promiscuity in Pasir Jambu Village
Training in Writing and Publication of Scientific Articles for Teachers-Primary school teachers
Authors: Fajariyah Akbari Ummu
Published: March 2024

Writing articles and scientific publications is a form of teacher professional development that can contribute to improving the quality of teaching in the teaching and learning process. However, the number of research articles produced by professional teachers is still small. The obstacles experienced by teachers when writing scientific articles are developing ideas or thoughts into coherent and coherent scientific writing, understanding regarding the mechanisms of classroom action research that must be carried out to start writing scientific articles is still quite low. Producing scientific work and scientific publications is one part of the professional competence that teachers must achieve. However, not all teachers have this competency. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out training in writing scientific articles and publishing them as an effort to increase teacher competency and also to fulfill credit score requirements related to promotion and teacher certification. Sikka State Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers are the target participants in implementing this training. The method for this service is In Service Training (IST) through lectures, discussions and presentations. As a result of this service, participants understand the concept of research papers and can write research papers that are ready to be published in accredited national journals. This activity was said to be successful because participants' understanding of the material increased, participants' reactions to the activity were very positive.
The relationship between self-efficacy and students' mathematical literacy
Authors: Fatwana Husna , Dasari Dadan , Juandi Dadang , Mohamed Elsayed Sahar Abdo , Azhari Budi
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the relationship between the dimensions of self-efficacy and students' mathematical literacy. The participants in this research were 103 grade 11 students at SMA N 1 Gandapura Bireuen. This research is in the form of an expository with a quantitative approach. Data was collected through self-efficacy questionnaires and mathematical literacy questions. Analysis of this research data used SEM PLS assisted by the Smart-PLS. The research results show that the dimensions of generality and strength significantly correlate with athematic literacy and are in a strong category. The magnitude dimension is significantly related to mathematic literacy but is in the medium category. Such conditions indicate the need to increase attention to the magnitude dimension by aspiring to authentic learning.
Eco-literacy and sustainable citizenship: The role of the school environment in shaping responsible environmental behavior
Authors: Suhendar Aris , Taufika Ryan , Rachmatsyah Rachmatsyah , Yusuf Rusli , Fajri Iwan , Mohd Yusoff Mohd Zailani , Adawiah Rabiatul
Published: March 2024

The goal of this project is to apply eco-literacy through sustainable practices in schools that are not part of the Adiwiyata school program. This study combines analytical description techniques with a qualitative methodology. There are 1154 pupils enrolled at SMA Negeri 19 Medan, where this study was carried out. The study conducted at SMA Negeri 19 Medan yielded findings that initially encountered resistance from both students and teachers on the ongoing adoption of eco-literacy in the classroom. However, because of the advantages that the program provided, students and teachers who had initially objected to it began to respond favorably to it in the second year of its implementation. Thus, it can be concluded that ecoliteracy which was implemented through continuous habituation at SMA Negeri 19 Medan was declared successful even though initially this school was not included in the Adiwiyata school.
The influence of the adiwiyata program on students' environmental care attitudes at school
Authors: Adawiah Rabiatul , Anggraini Septia Sela
Published: March 2024

Human actions are the primary cause of environmental harm. A mindset that views unfavorable occurrences as commonplace contributes to people's ignorance of environmental sustainability. The Adiwiyata curriculum is one that might assist pupils in developing a greater awareness of environmental issues. The purpose of the study is to ascertain how the Adiwiyata program affects students' attitudes toward environmental care. Correlational approaches are used in a quantitative research strategy. The study was conducted at SMP Negeri 29 in Banjarmasin City, using a random sample of 180 participants. A questionnaire is used as the method of data collection. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 22. The study's findings demonstrated that students' considerate attitudes toward the environment were significantly impacted by the Adiwiyata curriculum.
Short Movies and Narrative Assessment in English Lessons
Authors: Marzuq Mohamed , Allam Ahmad , Najeeb Naseem , Sinaj Mohamed
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the educational impact of short films on students' understanding of story elements, vocabulary acquisition, and cultural nuances in English classes. Short films, characterized by their concise narratives and visual storytelling, serve as valuable tools in enhancing language-learning experiences. By exploring the interplay between visual media and language acquisition, this research sheds light on the effectiveness of short films as pedagogical resources. The study examines how short films facilitate comprehension of complex story elements such as plot structures, character development, and dialogue, offering students tangible examples of literary concepts. Additionally, the research delves into the role of short films in expanding students' vocabulary through context-based learning, enabling them to grasp new words and phrases in a meaningful context. Furthermore, the study explores short films as windows into diverse cultures, fostering cultural awareness and understanding among students. Through qualitative and quantitative analyses, this research elucidates the multifaceted ways in which short films contribute to a comprehensive and engaging English learning environment. The findings highlight the significance of incorporating visual media like short films into English classes, emphasizing their potential to enhance students' language skills, cultural competence, and overall educational experience.
The Impact of Role-Playing Exercises on Conversational English Proficiency among University Students: A Study in Linguistic Confidence and Fluency Enhancement
Authors: Alvarez Camila
Published: March 2024

The research seeks to determine the effects of role-playing exercises on improved conversational English proficiency among university students. It is designed as a comprehensive research design, where data is captured using questionnaires designed to measure different factors related to language fluency before and after having taken part in the exercise. Selection into the study was among participants from many college backgrounds that used real-life simulation situations as a way to enhance skills in communication, vocabulary, and linguistic competence. Ethical consideration during this research was done through informed consent, whereby it was noted and observed, and respect for confidentiality, which was not compromised throughout the research process. The analysis of the data showed that 80% of students who had a fluency of speech/clarity and fluency of speech, vocabulary, and confidence had significant differences and changes to the statistic before the test. This study's findings emanate as more evidence about the effectiveness of role-plays as dynamic and interactive teaching tools that contribute to great benefits in proficiency and confidence in the English language among university students.
Enhancing English Vocabulary Learning through Mobile Apps: A New Paradigm in Educational Technology
Authors: Kayra Zeynep
Published: March 2024

The technological revolution, particularly pertaining to smartphones, has revitalised the means by which educational methodologies were approached and implemented, most notably with respect to English language learning. This study explores the effectiveness of mobile applications in the improvement of English vocabulary acquisition among university students. The present study is about the perception and usage of mobile application patterns used in learning English vocabulary. It is based on a structured survey carried out on undergraduate students, of which the sample was selected from various disciplines at a private University. This paper outlines a survey on preferences for mobile apps against traditional methods of learning and finds out at what frequency, duration, and even perceived benefits of such tools in language learning. These indicate a strong preference for such apps to learn vocabulary, with overwhelming numbers of students in big schools, far and near, using these apps daily or at least weekly. The results put emphasis on the fact that mobile apps provide easy ways through which students can learn vocabulary flexibly and efficiently. The features of gamification and the required pronunciation help are most appreciated when built inside mobile applications. This shows that interactive elements with audio-visual effects are doing their work in learning engagement and effectiveness.
English as a Lingua Franca in Global Business: Balancing Efficiency and Cultural Sensitivity
Authors: Tan Jia
Published: March 2024

This work focuses on English as an international business lingua franca in the realisation of effective international communication and collaboration. A globally integrated market has seemingly perceived English as an imperative medium in order to eliminate the barrier of language and play a facilitative role for multinational ventures; it adds an edge in organisational performance among diverse cultural landscapes. The dominance of English, on the other hand, also means that potential linguistic inequities might be bred, and the subtleties in the cultural differences might go on unnoticed. The study adopts a qualitative paradigm, through which it uses structured questionnaires to elicit insights with respect to the pros and cons associated with using English as the second language in business environments. Participants mentioned that English facilitates international transactions, helps in bringing the unity of diversified groups in terms of language, and supports the strategies of worldwide businesses. Critics say that a cavalier attitude towards non-native speakers will dominate and crop up as cultural insensitivity. Therefore, the findings in this article highlight that while English as a Lingua Franca may have innumerable advantages in worldwide business communication, there does always need to be a sense of balance and a certain amount of appreciation for diversity in languages to foster an inclusive global business environment.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Peer and Teacher Feedback on Writing Development among Secondary Students in Bologna, Italy
Authors: Patel Anika
Published: March 2024

The study aims to undertake an investigation regarding the different effect of teacher vs. peer feedback on varied sections of writing proficiency among secondary students in Bologna, Italy. The research employed a structured questionnaire to a sample of 150 students in an inquiry that sought to establish the effectiveness of these feedback modalities in enhancing writing tasks. The analysis was also supported by SPSS, which helped in reaching a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics within feedback. The results provide a much more nuanced picture in which peer feedback, under certain conditions, actually has the potential to be as effective as traditional teacher feedback in facilitating writing development. More specifically, the peer feedback resulted in substantially improving the content, organization, and vocabulary to the same degree as teacher feedback, with the lone exception of grammar increase. The results point toward a peer-feedback experience that is a potentially valid addition to teacher-led revisions, provided initiatives to integrate it with feedback literacy are focused on putting student empowerment at their core. The research has therefore added to the broader discussion of feedback mechanisms in language learning by proposing a re-evaluation of the nature of peer feedback within educational paradigms.
Reinforce the surface properties of domestic garbage activated carbon by low temperature plasma accustomed in energy storage applications
Authors: K.A Vijayalakshmi , K C Sowmiya
Published: March 2024

Since activated carbon is a highly porous material with a sizable internal surface area, it is simple to adsorb a wide range of substances when used in energy storage devices, sewage treatment, water purification, catalyst, food processing and other applications. This work focuses on the viability of using mixed fruit peels as a precursor for the carbonization process with physical activation to produce activated carbon. The Phase confirmation was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) concludes the functional groups present in mixed fruit peels activated carbon. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to analyze the morphological makeup and textural traits of the activated carbon that was produced. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) shows the elemental composition of nano powdered carbon. Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of graphene that appears at 1580cm-1. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Nyquist plot in order to evaluate the conductivity performance over the frequency range of 1mHz to 10 kHz, measurements were used.
Carbon yield analysis were conducted and analyzed. Wettability of the mixed fruit peels were examined using contact angle. The Mixed Fruit peels activated carbon were subjected to low temperature plasma to increase its surface properties, The outcomes were evaluated, and the charge transfer resistance and the polarization resistance for air plasma treatment is 1.43 and 0.2 ohms. Hydrophilic nature is occurred when treated with air plasma.  According to these findings, air plasma treatment of mixed fruit peel activated carbon improves its surface characteristics, making it suitable for electrode in energy storage applications.
Tuning low frequency dielectric properties of flexible ternary polymer blend film reinforced with bio- ionic liquid for the application in green electronics
Authors: Bhavsar Vaishali , Tripathi Deepti
Published: March 2024

Biofriendly conducting polymeric blends and composites exhibiting high dielectric constant and dielectric loss are promising for applications as  sensors, actuators,  microwave absorbing materials, fuel cells and biomedical applications. A great deal of work is reported  on using fillers such as conductive nanomaterials, bio ceramics, carbon nanotubes, graphene etc in blends of Polyvinylchloride, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polymethylmethacrylate, Polyvinyl alcohol with conducting polymer Polypyrrole, Polyaniline for enhancing their conductivities, tailoring  dielectric and electrical, thermal and surface properties of such polymeric materials. However, appropriate dispersion of such fillers in polymeric matrices remains technically challenging. In this regard, bio-ionic liquids have emerged as a novel class of  materials  and their combination with specific polymer blends opens the possibility to develop smart novel materials with different morphologies. Present work aims  to explore the low  frequency dielectric properties  exhibited by free standing, flexible, biofriendly/biodegradable ternary polymer blend film of Polyvinylchloride-Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Polypyrrole reinforced with choline acetate. The detailed analysis of  low frequency dielectric properties authenticates that addition of choline acetate result in modifying the dielectric properties of ternary polymer blend film.. The harmlessness of these films was confirmed from disk diffusion test indicating their benign nature towards  (Escherichia coli) (CFT073) and (Bacillus subtilis). Therefore, the developed films can potentially be used for various scale multifunctional dielectric and electrical  applications working in close contact with living matter, green electronics and   various health monitoring systems.
Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in simulated oil well waterby aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower
Authors: Latha Balakrishnan , Kavitha Kaliyaperumal , Susai Rajendran
Published: March 2024

controlling the corrosion of mild steel in simulated oil well water (SOWW). Weight loss method reveals that 10 % v/v of the extract offers 82 % inhibition efficiency (IE) to mild steel (MS) immersed SOWW. The mechanistic aspects of corrosion inhibitive effect have been investigated by polarization study and AC impedance spectra. Polarization study reveals that the mixed type of inhibitor in the presence of inhibitor system. The corrosion inhibition effect is confirmed by the increase in the linear polarization resistance value and decrease in the corrosion current value. The protective layer is formed on the metal surface is confirmed by the AC impedance spectra. This is confirmed by the fact that there is increase in charge transfer resistance value and decrease in the double layer capacitance value. The adsorption of inhibitor molecule obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The protective coating is characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. It confirms that the inhibitor has coordinated with ferrous ion the metal surface through the active principle component of β-sitosterol, quercetin and kaempferol-3-xylosylglucoside. The surface morphology has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hence, aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower with simulated oil well water good corrosive inhibitive effect on pipeline made of mild steel.
Comparative analysis of geothermal binary ORC systems: performance and environmental considerations for CO2 andwater as geofluids
Authors: Izuwa Nkemakolam Chinedu , Ekwueme Stanley Toochukwu , Okereke Ndubuisi Uchechukwu , Nwanwe Onyebuchi Ivan , Ohia Nnaemeka Princewill
Published: March 2024

This study considers the process simulation of geothermal binary Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems which utilizes CO2 and water as geofluids for electricity generation. The simulation was performed using Hysys v11 software by using Peng Robinson’s fluid property package. Two dry working fluids including isopentane and n-pentane, were used. The effects of geofluid temperature and working fluid mass flowrate on power generation, as well as the maximum pressure of working fluids were evaluated.  The result showed that power generation increases with higher geofluid temperature due to enhanced heat transfer. Isopentane outperformed n-pentane, attributed to its superior thermodynamic properties.  CO2 showed better performance as geofluid than water highlighting its superiority, observed in the increased power generation. The unique characteristics of CO2 enable efficient heat transfer at lower temperatures, making it an environmentally friendly and effective choice. Contrarily, the use of water as a geofluid poses some implications for local ecosystems and water resources. From an environmental perspective, CO2 shows greater potential for reduced environmental impact, which aligns with the transition to cleaner energy sources. However, the economic considerations suggest a trade-off, as CO2 projects may entail higher upfront costs compared to water-based systems. Regulatory factors and economic feasibility, therefore, play a crucial role in the choice of geofluid for geothermal power generation.
Impact of annealing on structural and optical properties of sol-gel derived samarium silica nanocomposites
Authors: Boora Aryan , Rohilla Bhavna , Malik Priya , Sehrawat Supriya , Kumari Sushma , Sharma Anisha , Dahiya Kirti , Duhan Surender
Published: March 2024

The pursuit of finely tuned material properties has driven the exploration of annealing strategies in the context of Samarium Silica Nanocomposites (Sm-SiO2 NCs) synthesized through the sol-gel route. This study unveils novel insights into the influence of optimized annealing protocols on the structural and functional evolution of these advanced nanocomposites. Through meticulous experimentation, we establish that controlled temperature annealing plays a pivotal role in tailoring the microstructure and properties of Sm-SiO2 NCs. The judicious manipulation of annealing parameters, including temperature duration, and atmosphere, orchestrates distinct transformations in the composite architecture. Field emission microscopy and structural analysis reveal that precise annealing promotes the consolidation of nanoscale domains, leading to improved crystallinity and enhanced connectivity between samarium species and the silica matrix. Moreover, the annealing-induced modifications extend beyond structural aspects to influence functional properties, an increase in crystallite size was observed from 15 nm to 43 nm as an effect of annealing. Our findings illustrate a remarkable enhancement in luminescence intensity as a consequence of optimized annealing, showcasing the potential for tailored photonic applications. These revelations are supported by a comprehensive suite of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra red,\Field emission with  Energy dispersive x-ray and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The synthesis-annealing synergy not only advances our fundamental understanding of nanocomposite evolution but also furnishes a pathway towards designing multifunctional materials with precision-engineered attributes.
Confrontation of linear versus nonlinear approach in Fe2B boridelayer thickness predictions
Authors: El Guerri Yassine , Mebarek Bendaoud , Keddam Mourad
Published: March 2024

Kinetic studies of boride layers focus on trying to accurately predict their thicknesses according to some variables using different approaches. In this paper, an approach that is reliant on a multilinear regression is investigated. In doing so, with an engineering perspective, temperature  and time  are used as the sole variables in predicting a boride layer thickness u. The approach uses experimental data from a boriding process performed on iron substrates of the XC38 steel. A comparison between the proposed linear model and a nonlinear one is seen afterward to scrutinize the results. That nonlinear approach is known as the diffusion model and is based on Fick’s second law, where it uses more variables than the linear approach to estimate its predictions. Ultimately, the comparison elucidated that the use of a linear regression-based model can be an accurate engineering tool to identify boride layer thicknesses, but without interpolating the results outside the scope of the studied interval.
Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by eucalyptus leaves in acidic media: An overview
Authors: Ndukwe Agha Inya
Published: March 2024

This paper concerns the overview of previous studies on the corrosion and inhibition of carbon steel that is allowed to degrade in a corrosive medium by the extract of the eucalyptus plant, with an emphasis on the extract's adsorption behaviour. Many researchers have largely employed eucalyptus plant bark, oil, and leaf extracts to prevent the corrosion of mild steel in acidic environments under various temperature settings. According to the results, when the bark extract of the eucalyptus plant was added to HCl (5%) at a concentration of 900 ppm, the inhibitor's maximum efficiency was 98.2 %. The leaf extract, on the other hand, had the maximum inhibitory efficacy of 93.09 % at 600 mg/L extract concentration in the H2SO4 (0.5 M) medium. The extracts' potency was shown to diminish with increasing temperature. The mechanism for eucalyptus extract's protection of carbon steel from corrosion in diverse corrosive situations was largely associated with the adsorption of the extract's inhibitive components on the steel's surface to reduce the interaction between the metal and the corrosive surroundings. The majority of the reported inhibitive behaviour of the eucalyptus extract was consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.
Photocatalytic degradation of textile dye with titanium (IV) doped tungsten oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Ranjini Shree H.K. , Pathak Nidhi , Dube Charu Lata Dube
Published: March 2024

Water pollution from textile industries is a major concern with respect to the availability of clean drinking water. The removal of textile (organic) dyes through photocatalytic degradation with pure WO3 and titanium (IV) doped tungsten oxide [Ti (IV)-WO3] nanospheres were studied under visible light. The WO3 and Ti (IV)-WO3 nanospheres were synthesized via microwave-assisted method at microwave power of 160 W for the duration of 20 mins. The as synthesised WO3 and Ti (IV)-WO3 nanospheres were characterized for their structural, microstructural, and spectroscopic properties by using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The X-ray diffractograms confirmed the formation of highly pure WO3 and Ti (IV)-WO3 nanospheres. The average crystallite size of WO3 and Ti (IV)-WO3 nanospheres were calculated as 53.37 nm and 35.24 nm respectively using Debye Scherrer equation. The bandgap of Ti (IV)-WO3 was found to be decreased to 2.5 eV from 3.2 eV (WO3) respectively. It can be deduced that Ti (IV)-WO3 can be utilized as efficient visible light (λ>420 nm) driven photocatalyst as the bandgap was < 3 eV. The agglomerated spherical nanoparticles were seen for WO3 and Ti (IV)-WO3 in the HR-TEM images. The photocatalytic activity of textile dye was analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer under visible light. The photocatalytic organic dye degradation was investigated. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of titanium (IV) doped tungsten oxide (10 wt%) was observed to be ~100% in 100 mins. This makes titanium (IV) doped tungsten oxide nanospheres, a potential nanomaterial for water purification.
A review on improved physical and thermal properties of oxide nanoparticles reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Upadhyay Avani Kumar , Goyat Manjeet Singh
Published: March 2024

Epoxy resins are well-known because of their desirable thermal and mechanical characteristics in a variety of fields, including the automotive, construction, and aerospace sectors. However, the inherent brittle nature of highly cross-linked epoxy resins generally leads to weakness in resisting the formation of cracks and their movement. The brittleness of the epoxy resins is one of the major obstacles inhibiting its use at a wider scale. Therefore, many researchers focused on reinforcement of epoxy resins by different types of nanostructures including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), organic/inorganic nanofillers to provide higher strength, without diminishing other essential thermo-physical characteristics of the nanocomposites. Most of the review articles focused on the CNT-reinforced epoxy composites and very limited review articles are available that focus on the oxide nanofiller reinforced epoxy composites. In this review article, epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with alumina (Al2O3), titania (TiO2), silica (SiO2), and zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles have been investigated. The influence of the oxide nanoparticles in modifying the physical and thermal properties of the epoxy nanocomposites has been presented, compared, and critically analysed to optimize the performance of epoxy nanocomposites.
Corrosion inhibition by fruit extracts -Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in simulated concrete pore solution prepared in sea water by an aqueous extract of apple juice- A Case study
Authors: Susai Rajendran , Al-Hashem Abdulhameed , Krishnaveni Arjunan , Arockiaraj Little Jewelcy , Singh Gurmeet , Lacnjevac Caslav , Jothi Murugan Naga , Shanthy Pooviah
Published: March 2024

The inhibition efficiency of  an aqueous extract of apple juice in controlling corrosion of mild steel  immersed in simulated concrete pore solution (SCPS) prepared in sea water, has been evaluated by weight loss method. Langmuir adsorption isotherm has been investigated. The mechanistic aspect of corrosion inhibition has been investigated by Electrochemical impedance spectra (AC impedance spectra). The protective film has been analysed by Fluorescence spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and AFM. The SCPS system offers 60% inhibition efficiency to mild steel immersed in sea water. In presence of apple juice extract the inhibition efficiency increases as the concentration of the extract increases. When 10 ml of extract is added, 85% inhibition efficiency is obtained. Electrochemical impedance spectra (AC impedance spectra) reveal that a protective film is formed on the metal surface. In the presence of inhibitor system, charge transfer resistance value increases, impedance value increases, phase angle value increases whereas double layer capacitance value decreases as expected. The FTIR spectral study reveals that the protective film consists of complexes consisting of iron-active principles of the apple juice extract. AFM study reveals that when the inhibition efficiency increases the roughness of the surface decreases or in other words the smoothness of the system increases.
Development of hyaluronate tethered magnetic nanoparticlesfor targeted anti-cancer drug delivery
Authors: Bhattacharya Dipsikha
Published: March 2024

Despite the tremendous progress in understanding the molecular basis of the disease, cancer still remains one of the leading causes of deaths. Recently, advances in nanotechnology are rapidly enabling the development of novel, multifunctional materials with combined cancer specific targeting, therapeutic and diagnostic functions within a single nanocomplex (NP) that address the shortcomings of traditional disease diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Among the myriad of nanocarriers, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have sparked extensive promise as novel theranostic applications as these MNPs can be directly targeted to the diseased cells with effective therapeutic efficiency. For this, these MNPs should be modified with some highly biocompatible polymers (specially polysaccharides) exhibiting the cancer targeting properties that can strongly interact with receptors expressed on the target cancer to facilitate accurate detection of the specific cancer and enhanced delivery to the target site while reducing unintended tside effects. Over the last few years, many groups have reported hyaluronic acid (HA) as the targeting agent as it directly delivers targeted MNPs to CD44 overexpressed cancer cells. In most of the cases, doxorubicin (DOX) has been used as the anticancer drug as it is largely utilized for treating a broad spectrum of cancers. In our work, we have designed a novel, intravenously injectable, CD44 receptor targeted MNP formulation, where the HA moiety of MNPs facilitate easy detection of cancer cells via receptor specific interactions, DOX can regress the cancer cells with simultaneous imaging efficacy. This theranostic MNPs led to the formation of novel nanoformulation, capable of performing concomitant detection, regression and imaging in in vitro CD44 over expressing cancer cells.
Corrosion behavior of high- and low-chromium steel grinding balls in chloride solution
Authors: Marković Snežana , Radojković Bojana , Jegdić Bore , Jovanović Aleksandar , Stojanović Jovica , Trumić Milan , Manojlović Vaso
Published: March 2024

The corrosion behaviour of three types of alloys (two low-alloy carbon steel and one stainless iron with ~15 wt.% Cr), in a solution which simulates seawater (3% NaCl solution, pH 8.1) was tested. Tested samples are used to make steel (iron) balls applied in mils for grinding copper and other ore. The corrosion tests were performed using three electrochemical methods, at room temperature in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. The linear polarization resistance (LPR) method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method, and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) method were applied. Based on measurements by LPR and EIS methods (as non-destructive methods), the value of polarization resistance (Rp) was determined and the general corrosion rate (vcorr) of the examined samples was calculated. The obtained values of the general corrosion rate can be used to calculate the service life of steel (iron) balls under exploitation conditions (seawater). The appearance of the surface after linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurement showed the presence of localized corrosion (pits were formed) of the tested samples, especially stainless iron, and the LSV method is not suitable for the determination of the general corrosion rate of tested samples in seawater. This form of corrosion occurs at high anodic polarizations, during performing LSV measurements.
The Utilization of Waste Pieces of Wood as Materials for Making Children's Study Tables
Authors: Zahriana  , Maulina Dian , Ben Hasbaini , Mislina  , Saputra Devi Satria
Published: March 2024

Wood waste was waste from the wood production process which can be in the form of chips or remaining pieces of wood. Based on these data, processed wood scrap waste can be used as an industrial product in the form of a children's study table, while the remaining wood waste that has been disposed of so far has been left to rot, stacked and burned, resulting in a negative impact on the environment. The problem in this research was how to make a children's study table from waste pieces of wood. The aim of the study was to make a children's study table from waste pieces of wood, while the method used was an experimental method using 2 samples with different material compositions. The result of the research was that a children's study table was made which has a length of 60 cm and a height of 25 cm. Then the conclusion of the study resulted in a children's study table product from wood scrap waste.
The Utilization of Coconut Fiber and Marble Waste with Mechanical Tests
Authors: Anwar Ihsan , Fitriadi Nuzuli , Afriana Winda , Ben Hasbaini
Published: March 2024

The area of coconut plantations in South Aceh Regency was 6839 Ha, out of the total number of sub-districts in South Aceh. South Kluet District was the area with the largest coconut plantation area compared to other districts, reaching 1433 Ha. Coconut coir fiber was usually used for household equipment, such as floor brooms, doormats and rope. Coconut farmers rarely process coconut husks, and after harvest, they just leave the coconut husks piled up under the coconut trees until they rot. In this research, coconut fiber waste was used as reinforcing fiber for composite materials. The aim of this research was to be determined the mechanical strength of marble waste composites mixed with resin and reinforced with coconut fiber. The composition tests carried out were: 85 : 10 : 5, 80 : 10 : 10, 90 : 7.5 : 2.5, and 80 : 12.5 : 7.5. The test carried out on each test specimen composition was a tensile test. From the results of the tests carried out on the test specimens, the maximum stress was found in the composition: (85: 10: 5) 85% Resin, 10% Marble, 5% Coconut Fiber with an average maximum stress value of 29.44827586 N /m2 and the average modulus of elasticity is 0.2415123283 N/m2.
Implementation of the Internet of Things on a Wheelchair using the MPU6050 Sensor
Authors: Maqfirah  , Anugreni Fera , Ilham Dirja Nur , Harahap Muhammad Khoiruddin , Harmayani Harmayani
Published: March 2024

The large number of family activities carried out outside the home makes them always feel worried and anxious about the activities carried out by the elderly at home. This will be a problem when the elderly carer has important activities outside the home and has to leave the elderly person alone. If an elderly person falls, the sensor will detect the pressure of the fall and reduced balance in the elderly wheelchair. Then the MPU6050 sensor will send input to the nodemcu which controls the entire circuit for processing by sending a signal to the Blynk application as an output processor with a notification in the form of a short message that the elderly person has fallen, from the wheelchair which is displayed on the user's cellphone which has the blynk application installed. With this tool, it is easier for elderly caretakers to know the condition of elderly people when they are in a wheelchair, and it is also quicker to help elderly people if they fall from a wheelchair by notifying them via message notifications in the Blynk application.
Designing an IoT-based footstep counter for sports shoes
Authors: Aditya Vikra , Ilham Dirja Nur , Atabiq Fauzun , Jannah Dina Miftahul , Harahap Muhammad Khoiruddin
Published: March 2024

Shoes are general footwear that can be used when exercising, working, formal events, or just to sweeten your appearance. Shoes used for sports have a slightly different shape from shoes in general, in terms of covering the left and right sides, the base, and the design, but most shoes do not have a device to count the steps taken. To overcome this, researchers have created a tool in shoes that can count the user's footsteps while exercising. A step counter on shoes based on the internet of things uses NodeMCU and an IR sensor which functions to detect every step of the shoe wearer. The result of the detected step count will be displayed in the blynk application. NodeMCU and IR sensors will be connected to the Blynk application using the internet network. When the step counter on the shoe and the hotspot are turned on, the results of the foot count will appear on the Blynk application on the smartphone. Footstep data detected by the IR sensor corresponds to the number of steps counted manually. The test results from a 150-meter step counter, obtained results of 207 steps in 3 minutes when walking casually, 223 steps in 1 minute 30 seconds when walking fast, and 264 steps when running in a period of 1 minute 15 seconds.
Days of Darkness: Taranaki 1878–1884
Authors: Riseborough Hazel
Published: March 2024

The narrative of the Parihaka community sheds light on a critical period in Aotearoa’s colonial past. As the government seized their land, Māori communities across the region engaged in non-violent resistance, with Parihaka emerging as a powerful symbol of defiance under the leadership of Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kakahi. Rather than a history of Parihaka itself, Hazel Riseborough’s compelling account delves into the government’s systematic efforts to dismantle Māori rights and self-determination. First published in 1989, Days of Darkness is published now in a new edition which includes opening words contributed by the Parihaka community.