bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for hyperglycemia in pregnancy in the DALI study differ by period of pregnancy and OGTT time point
Authors: Mendoza Lilian C , Harreiter Jürgen , Simmons David , Desoye Gernot , Adelantado J M , Juarez Fabiola , Chico Ana , Devlieger Roland , van Assche Andre , Galjaard Sander , Damm Peter , Mathiesen Elisabeth R , Jensen Dorte M , Andersen Lise Lotte T , Tanvig Mette , Lapolla Annunziata , Dalfra Maria G , Bertolotto Alessandra , Mantaj Urszula , Wender-Ozegowska Ewa , Zawiejska Agnieszka , Hill David , Jelsma Judith G , Snoek Frank J , van Poppel Mireille N M , Worda Christof , Bancher-Todesca Dagmar , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Dunne Fidelma P , Corcoy Rosa , _ _
Published: May 2018

Objective

Risk factors are widely used to identify women at risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) without clear distinction by pregnancy period or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) time points. We aimed to assess the clinical risk factors for Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HiP) differentiating by these two aspects.

Design and methods

Nine hundred seventy-one overweight/obese pregnant women, enrolled in the DALI study for preventing GDM. OGTTs were performed at ≤19 + 6, 24–28 and 35–37 weeks (IADPSG/WHO2013 criteria). Women with GDM or overt diabetes at one time point did not proceed to further OGTTs. Potential independent variables included baseline maternal and current pregnancy characteristics. Statistical analysis: Multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Clinical characteristics independently associated with GDM/overt diabetes were at ≤19 + 6 weeks, previous abnormal glucose tolerance (odds ratio (OR): 3.11; 95% CI: 1.41–6.85), previous GDM (OR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.20–4.11), neck circumference (NC) (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.06–2.36 for the upper tertile), resting heart rate (RHR, OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.31–3.00 for the upper tertile) and recruitment site; at 24–28 weeks, previous stillbirth (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.18-7.22), RHR (OR: 3.32; 95% CI: 1.70-6.49 for the upper tertile) and recruitment site; at 35–37 weeks, maternal height (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20–0.87 for upper tertile). Clinical characteristics independently associated with GDM/overt diabetes differed by OGTT time point (e.g. at ≤19 + 6 weeks, NC was associated with abnormal fasting but not postchallenge glucose).

Conclusion

In this population, most clinical characteristics associated with GDM/overt diabetes were non-modifiable and differed by pregnancy period and OGTT time point. The identified risk factors can help define the target population for future intervention trials.
Impact of hormone receptor status on the efficacy of HER2-targeted treatment
Authors: Zhao Bin , Zhao Hong , Zhao Jiaxin
Published: May 2018

The introduction of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–targeted drugs into routine clinical practice has a dramatic effect on the outlook for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). However, the association between efficacy of HER2-targeted therapy and hormone receptor (HR) status is still unclear. Here we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to address this issue in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. PubMed and EMBASE were searched from inception to October 2017 for studies involving trastuzumab, lapatinib, pertuzumab, trastuzumab emtansine and neratinib. Efficacy endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR) for neoadjuvant therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) for adjuvant therapy. In neoadjuvant setting, pCR was reported in 7 trials with 2868 subjects. Hormone receptor (HR)–negative women derived substantially greater benefit from HER2-targeted agents than did HR-positive patients (odds ratio (OR), 2.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.99–2.75). Additionally, the impact of HR status on pCR was independent of anti-HER2 agents. In adjuvant setting, DFS was investigated in 7 studies with 12,768 patients. HR-positive patients benefit more from anti-HER2 treatment than did HR-negative subjects (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.74–0.89). Moreover, patients who did not receive any endocrine or anti-HER2 neoadjuvant treatment showed similar outcome but with a smaller effect (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78–0.99). In summary, compared with HER2-positive/HR-negative subjects, HER2-positive/HR-positive patients achieved greater benefit from HER2-targeted treatment although the efficacy from neoadjuvant therapy was relatively poor.
Short sleep duration among Thai nurses: Influences on fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and occupational errors
Authors: Chaiard Jindarat , Deeluea Jirawan , Suksatit Benjamas , Songkham Wanpen , Inta Nonglak
Published: May 2018

Objectives

This study was conducted to: 1) describe sleep duration, fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and occupational errors among Thai nurses and 2) explore the influence of sleep duration on fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and occupational errors.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was implemented. A convenience sample of 233 full-time nurses with at least one year of work experience was recruited to participate in the study. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and 1-week sleep diaries. Descriptive and logistic regression statistics were performed using SPSS software.

Results

The mean total sleep time was 6.2 hours. Of the total participants, 75.9% (n = 167) experienced short sleep duration, 38.2% (n=84) experienced fatigue, and 49.5% (n=109) experienced excessive daytime sleepiness. Occupational errors were reported by 11.7% (n= 25). Medication errors, incorrectly performed procedures, and needle stick injuries were reported by 6.5% (n=13), 5.6% (n=12), and 4.7% (n=10), respectively, of participants performing the associated activities. The “Short Sleep Duration” group experienced more fatigue (p =.044) and excessive daytime sleepiness (p=.001) compared with the “Adequate Sleep Duration” group. Although occupational errors were more common in the “Short Sleep Duration” group, the difference between the two groups did not reach the level of statistical significance. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that short sleep duration was a statistically significant risk factor for excessive daytime sleepiness (OR=2.47, 95% CI=1.18-5.19).

Conclusions

The majority of registered nurses experience short sleep duration. Short sleep duration increased the risk of excessive daytime sleepiness but not fatigue or occupational errors. Adequate night-time sleep is paramount for preventing daytime sleepi-ness and achieving optimal work performance.
Celebrity Endorsement as Moderating Variable on the Relationship between Loyalty and Corporate Credibility of Travel Companies in Aceh
Authors: Alfanda Ricky , Ma’ruf Jasman J. , Darsono Nurdasila , Chan Syafruddin , Chan Syafruddin
Published: May 2018

To increase customer loyalty, travel companies in Aceh use celebrity endorsement to help promote their products. The purpose of this study was to examine important criteria in creating customers’ loyalty. The effect of celebrity endorsement as moderating variabel on the relationship between loyalty and corporate credibility are investigated for this purpose. A sample was drawn from umrah pilgrims in Aceh with 220 respondents. Primary data was used in this study in form of questionnaire with Likert scale. SPSS was used to analyze demographic characteristics of the respondents and descriptive analysis. AMOS 22 was adopted for the Structural Equation Modeling of the survey model for verified analysis using regression weight/loading factor. The findings of this study have shown significant relationships among the variables under investigation. Celebrity endorsement was found as moderating variable between corporate credibility and customers loyalty. The results of this study could provide input for travel companies in Aceh to use celebrity endorsement if they wanted to increase customer loyalty of umrah pilgrims.
Organic Farming System for Producing Healthy Rice Oleh
Authors: Martiningsih Dr. Ir. Ni.Gst.Ag.Gde Eka , Sujana, MS Dr.Ir. I Putu
Published: May 2018

Introduction of organic rice-based rice cultivation technology package through demplot is done in Subak Sungi 1 using ciherang variety. The number of farmers participating in demonstration plots in organic cultivation of paddy-based rice cultivation were 5 people, with age of farmers aged greater than 55 years occupying the highest percentage (45.45%), with elementary education level (72.75%), followed by high school education (18.25%), and junior high (9%). The average farmland area is 34.63 acres, with self-owned status (55,94%), status as penyakap 41,18% and rent status 2,88%. The farmers' response to the organic rice-based rice planting assessment is quite high, as evidenced by the evaluation that 100% of farmers participating in demonstration plots know and understand about organic rice system cultivation, and they agree to develop this cultivation system in the future. Demplot research results can increase the yield components and weight of dry grain harvest per hectare. Organic rice-based rice cultivation technology EVAGRO able to increase production of dry grain harvest significantly with a value of 6.8 tons / ha. There is a tendency of dry weight value of ciherang varieties of 6.8 tons / ha giving highest but not significantly different with PGPR organic based technology.
Cross Sectional Study of The Pattern of Abnormalities in The Knee Joint Detected by Knee MRI in Patients Evaluated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from April–August 2017
Authors: Solomon Daniel Zewdneh , Gizaw Elias , Admassie Daniel , Zenebe Moges
Published: May 2018

Introduction: The knee joint, the largest joint in the body, has several functions which are essential for human beings to walk, run and jump. Primarily, it enables flexion-extension of the lower limb in the sagittal plane. Joint stability during movement is attained by the shape of the articular surfaces, the collateral and cruciate ligaments, the menisci and tendons and muscles crossing the knee joint. (1) The vulnerability of the knee, the largest joint in the body, to direct trauma makes knee injuries very common throughout life. (2)

MRI visualizes most components of the knee joint, including articular cartilage, menisci, intra-articular ligaments, synovium, bone marrow, subchondral cysts, and other periarticular and intra-articular lesions that are not detectable by radiography. (4).

The prevalence of abnormalities of these different joint components as detected by MRI has been studied in different centers. Such types of studies, to date, have not been done in our country to our knowledge. The aim of this paper is to study prevalence of these abnormalities in the knee joint detected by knee MRI.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of abnormalities in the knee joint detected by knee MRI.

Methods: Hospital based prospective cross sectional study was conducted on 49 patients who had knee MRI at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in a period of 7 months from January 1 to August 2016.  Patients included here are those who had knee MRI and no history of knee surgery.

Results: A total of 49 patients were included in the study out of which 26(53.1%) were male and 23 (46.9%) were female, with a mean age of 43 years (range 17 to 68 years). The three most common pathologies were joint effusion seen in 32(65.3%), bone marrow edema in 22(45.8%) and osteophytes in 22(44.9%). ACL tear was the commonest ligament abnormality occurring in 5 (10.4%) patients. Ten (20.8%) patients had meniscal tear, all involving the medial meniscus with the posterior horn being involved in 8(80%) of these patients.

Conclusion: The mean age of our study population was higher than most referenced papers suggestive for possible delayed health seeking. The commonest knee pathologies were similar to other studies. Features of osteoarthritis were seen in higher frequency in our study population. Even though the higher mean age could be the possible cause, further study is recommended to look into the causes. Abnormalities which were seen with higher frequency in those with a history of trauma were also seen in higher frequency in the male population.
Selected Aspects of the Development and Impact of Cryptographic Currencies on the Stability and Functioning of Financial Systems
Authors: Boda Michał , Ciukaj Radosław
Published: May 2018

The first cryptographic currency (Bitcoin) was created in 2009. Since then, cryptocurrencies have undergone dynamic development, and their user numbers risen apace. This article analyses and estimates the impact, development and growth of cryptographic currencies on the stability and functioning of financial systems. The paper also examines whether cryptocurrencies fulfill the basic functions of money. The first part addresses technical and legal issues of cryptographic currencies. The second performs a statistical analysis and impact assessment on public finances, banking sector as well as individual users have been performed. Bitcoin quotes are compared to other traditional financial instruments including rate of return, coefficient of variation, range, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The analyses which have been conducted lead to the conclusion that cryptocurrencies cannot be treated equally with money (they are treated more as investment assets), they are far more volatile than traditional financial instruments, and there is a significant similarity between cryptographic currencies and pyramid schemes.
Producers' Optima in Schumpeterian Evolution
Authors: Kornafel Marta , Denkowska Anna
Published: May 2018

The paper presents a production system in the Debreu model of general equilibrium. According to Schumpeter, economic development is possible only on the strength of innovations being introduced. This process provides a sequence of optimal production plans, corresponding to each stage of the innovative evolution. The paper characterises the sequence of optimal plans and provides the conditions for its convergence. Moreover, the limiting production plan is shown to be the producer’s optimum in the final state.
Partial Effectiveness of Scientific Projects Financed through Public Funds
Authors: Prucia Kamila
Published: May 2018

One type of effectiveness is partial effectiveness determined while the project is on-going. It takes into account the progress of work being performed and the costs incurred. The article analyses and assesses the effectiveness of tools for monitoring the partial effectiveness of scientific projects. The specific goal is to determine the relationship between the current evaluation and partial effectiveness in relation to scientific projects.Scientific projects financed within National Centre for Research and Development STRATEGMED programme is the subject of the analysis. An analysis of the funds disbursed to beneficiaries by NCRD has been performed with the use of the dynamic method (streaming), which consists in an analysing the cash flow between two subjects. The monographic method was used to analyse tools for monitoring partial effectiveness, enabling an examination of their features and components in detail.
Dobór modelu a obciążenie szacunku na przykładzie estymatora GREG w badaniu małych przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Dehnel Grażyna
Published: May 2018

Estimation for a very skewed population containing extreme values is problematic, especially at a low level of aggregation. Traditional direct estimation methods do not provide satisfactory results. The growing demand for detailed information and the wider possibility of using data from administration registers has increased the importance of recognising more sophisticated estimation methods. Generalised Regression (GREG) estimation is an example of one such type. The paper examines the importance of the model chosen in GREG estimation in dealing with highly variable and outlier-prone populations. The model-assisted GREG estimator is applied to a real business survey. Lagged variables from administrative registers were used as the auxiliary variables. The variable of interest – mean revenue of small companies – was estimated for provinces cross-classified by categories of economic activity.
Identyfikacja wzorców konsolidacji fiskalnej na przykładzie krajów Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Salamaga Marcin
Published: May 2018

Fiscal consolidation is based on efforts to balance revenues and expenditures on the public budget. This can be achieved by reducing public spending or increasing taxes. Fiscal consolidation has very important macroeconomic consequences in both the long and short term. The aim of this article is to find patterns of fiscal consolidation in EU countries. To detect patterns of the fiscal consolidation, multivariate statistical analysis methods were applied: correspondence and cluster analysis. The macroeconomic effects of fiscal consolidation were also analysed. The study used data from Eurostat.
Specyfika branżowa spółek akcyjnych w Polsce a prognozowanie ich upadłości
Authors: Herman Sergiusz
Published: May 2018

Bankruptcy is a characteristic of every developed market economy. Numerous attempts have been made to predict it. One way this has been done in research is by building models which are based on the characteristics of the industry companies operate in. Due to the difficulty of gathering a large enough research sample, Polish researchers rarely try to build models for certain industries. This article reviews the empirical research related to this issue. The first aim of empirical research is to compare prediction errors of both industry and general models. The second was to define the determinants of joint-stock company bankruptcy in particular industries.  Empirical studies were conducted on 180 joint-stock companies in the Polish capital market. Calculations were performed using the bootstrapping method and multivariate discriminant analysis.
EML4-ALK Rearrangement and Its Therapeutic Implications in Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors
Authors: Vargas-Madueno Fernando , Gould Edwin , Valor Raul , Ngo Nhu , Zhang Linsheng , Villalona-Calero Miguel A.
Published: May 2018

With the advent of precision medicine, medical oncology is undergoing a transcendental change. These molecular studies have allowed us to learn about potential targeted therapies for patients with advanced cancers. Perhaps the best-known example of success in precision medicine is chronic myeloid leukemia and its response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the BCR-ABL kinase. Since that original discovery, the role of molecular therapeutics has expanded, and it now presents us with treatment options for common malignancies and rare atypical tumors. In this article, we present a case of a 61-year-old female with a recurrent pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Subsequent molecular studies revealed an ALK rearrangement. The significance of this alteration in this tumor type and its therapeutic implications are discussed herein.

Key Points

This case exemplifies the heterogeneous behavior of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) and the current role of targeted therapy in the therapeutic armamentarium of neoplastic processes. As evidenced by the different mutations found in IMTs, it is of great importance to perform next-generation sequencing in uncommon neoplasms. These studies can find different potential targets and therapeutic options for patients devoid of standard effective therapies.
Measuring spectral reflectance and transmittance (350-2500 nm) of large leaves using the Spectra Vista Corporation (SVC) DC-R/T Integrating Sphere v4
Authors: Laliberté Etienne , Soffer Raymond
Published: May 2018

Here wedescribe the standardised protocol used by the Canadian Airborne Biodiversity Observatory(CABO)to measure leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance, using the Spectra Vista Corporation (SVC) DC-R/TIntegrating Spherefitted to a portable full-range SVC HR-1024i field spectroradiometer. This standard version of ourprotocol describesthe commoncase where an individual leaf is large enough to entirely cover the reflectance or transmission port of the integrating sphere. Briefly, six mature, healthy-looking and sunlit leaves from a canopy plant are selected for measurements of adaxial reflectance and transmittance. Leaf scansare referenced to a calibrated Spectralon® diskand corrected for stray light.Our leaf spectroscopy protocol builds from that of theCarnegie Airborne Observatory.
Manifestation of intra-oral Herpes zoster in hard palate without cutaneous involvement
Authors: Rao Kumuda , Babu Subhas , Castelino Renita Lorina , Shetty Urvashi A , Bhat Supriya , Madi Medhini , Madiyal Ananya
Published: May 2018

-
Asignaturas de Educación Física e Inglés. Enfoque constructivista vs enfoque tradicional en la educación bilingüe y no bilingüe
Authors: García-Calvo Santiago
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo realiza un estudio de investigación-acción en dos áreas de Educación Primaria: Educación Física e Inglés. El objetivo principal es comparar los índices satisfacción de los estudiantes que son instruidos en estas áreas con un enfoque constructivista frente a los que son instruidos con un enfoque tradicional durante el curso académico 2015-2016. La clase de 6º A es el grupo de control (enfoque tradicional) y la clase de 6º B es el grupo experimental (enfoque constructivista). Por una parte, el enfoque constructivista en 6ºB, se fundamenta en la enseñanza del Inglés con metodología AICLE (aprendizaje integrado de contenido y lengua); en Educación Física bilingüe el enfoque se basa en AICLE, los juegos y los deportes modificados. Por otra parte, el enfoque tradicional en 6ºA, se fundamenta en la enseñanza del inglés a través del método gramática-traducción; en Educación Física no bilingüe las tareas son más analíticas que globales y con poca interacción social. El estudio diseña dos hipótesis. La primera indica que los estudiantes que son instruidos con metodología innovadora tienen mayor índice de satisfacción que los que utilizan una metodología tradicional en relación a las asignaturas estudiadas. La segunda hipótesis expone que el trato del error de manera adecuada aumenta la percepción de satisfacción de los estudiantes.
Comparative study of temporalis fascia graft versus cartilage shield tympanoplasty
Authors: Chhabra Gaurav , Saxena Amresh K. , Kumar Sanjay
Published: May 2018

Background: The objective of the study was to demonstrate the comparative study in terms of graft uptake rate & hearing gain between cartilage shield tympanoplasty and temporalis fascia tympanoplasty in patients with moderate/ large/subtotal perforation.

Methods: Cartilage shield tympanoplasty and temporalis fascia tympanoplasty were conducted in Group A and Group B, respectively, each containing 30 patients with moderate/large/subtotal perforations. Pure tone audiogram (PTA) was performed preoperatively and at postoperative visit i.e. at 12th month, a greater than 10-dB closure of air bone gap (ABG) was considered significant.  

Results: The graft uptake rates were 93.33% and 86.67% in Group A and Group B, respectively, at the end of 10th week. In total, 90% in Group A and 88% in Group B had significant improvement in hearing (ABG ≥10 dB) at 12th week of surgery.

Conclusions: Conchal cartilage is a possible graft material for cartilage shield tympanoplasty, especially in moderate, large & subtotal perforation, as it is showed superior autograft as compared to temporalis fascia, not only because of better graft uptake rate and less partial failure but also due to the comparable hearing improvement in terms of mean AB gap in both types of graft materials.
Clinical study of skin manifestations of hypothyroidism at a tertiary hospital in North Kerala
Authors: Kambil Srirath Madappally
Published: May 2018

Background: The effect of thyroid function on skin is very complex. Skin, hair and nail changes are not infrequent in hypothyroidism. There are only a few studies on the effect of hypothyroidism on skin in North Kerala.

Methods: 100 patients with hypothyroidism attending the outpatient departments of Dermatology and General Medicine were evaluated. The study was conducted at Kannur Medical College, Anjarakandy from September 2016 to August 2017. The various changes in skin, hair and nails are recorded in the study.

Results: Hypothyroidism was much more common in females and manly affected the 21-40 years age group. The common skin changes seen were xerosis, myxoedema and keratoderma. Hair loss, brittle nails and onycholysis were the main hair and nail manifestations. The conditions commonly associated with hypothyroidism were melasma, urticaria, alopecia areata and vitiligo.

Conclusions: Thyroid and skin are closely related and so any abnormality in the functioning of thyroid commonly reflects on the skin, hair and nails. Proper knowledge about the various skin manifestations helps in avoiding the various systemic complications of hypothyroidism by arriving at an early diagnosis.
Mortalidade por suicídio na adolescência: uma revisão
Authors: Schlichting Carlos Alexandre , Moraes Maria Cecília Leite
Published: May 2018

O suicídio entre jovens é um importante agravo que vem aumentando de maneira preocupante, tornando-se um problema de saúde pública mundial. Esta é uma revisão integrativa que tem como objetivo deste conhecer a produção científica acerca do suicídio em adolescentes no período de 1996 a 2013. Os descritores foram suicídio: adolescentes, tentativa de suicídio, suicídio. As bases de dados pesquisadas foram: Lilacs, Bireme, Scielo.e Pubmed. Foram selecionados 55 artigos, dos quais 14 foram excluídos por não atenderem a proposta da pesquisa. Os resultados sugerem associações com transtornos mentais, questões afetivas/emocionais, histórico familiar, problemas socioeconômicos. A maior prevalência de casos ocorre em indivíduos do sexo feminino, na faixa etária entre 15 e 19 anos. Acredita-se que a continuidade das investigações contribuirá para melhor entendimento sobre o tema.
La colisión de derechos y su impacto en el acceso a medicamentos esenciales: desafíos para Suramérica
Authors: Allard Soto Raúl
Published: May 2018

La colisión del derecho a la salud y del derecho de propiedad intelectual generada por las obligaciones que simultáneamente asumen los doce países de Suramérica en el marco del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales de la ONU, por una parte, y en el Acuerdo sobre los ADPIC de la OMC, por la otra, ha supuesto un profundo impacto en el acceso a medicamentos esenciales para sus poblaciones. Este trabajo da cuenta de esta situación en los países de la región, al tiempo que lo sitúa en el contexto del debate sobre el comercio y los derechos humanos que se desata con especial fuerza desde principios de este siglo en el ámbito de la salud pública. Se destaca la necesidad de los países de Suramérica de fortalecer la cooperación intrarregional y el impulso a acciones de cooperación Sur-Sur en materia de acceso a medicamentos esenciales, teniendo en cuenta el predominio de patentes farmacéuticas detentadas por laboratorios privados del hemisferio norte. Los avances en esta dirección del Consejo Suramericano de Salud de Unasur, unidos a sus actuaciones como bloque regional ante la OMS, constituyen pasos promisorios que deben ser complementados con el desarrollo de capacidades de producción conjunta de medicamentos.
La trampa de la educación especial: rodeos y laberintos jurisprudenciales para garantizar el derecho a la educación inclusiva de las personas con discapacidad
Authors: Correa Montoya Lucas , Rúa Serna Juan Camilo
Published: May 2018

El artículo presenta un análisis crítico sobre la jurisprudencia que la Corte Constitucional colombiana ha desarrollado en su ejercicio de protección al derecho a la educación de las personas con discapacidad. Al contrastar el contenido del derecho a la educación inclusiva consagrado en la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad con las subreglas desarrolladas y aplicadas por la Corte se concluye que la admisión de la educación especial o segregada ha permitido y fomentado prácticas de discriminación y de violación de derechos constitucionales prevalentes. El texto finaliza con la identificación de los principales retos que deben asumir los operadores judiciales para avanzar en la protección efectiva del derecho a la educación inclusiva.
Los Bonos con Impacto Social en el contexto de la reforma a la ley de contratación pública: retos y oportunidades
Authors: Corredor Castellanos Guillermo Rodrigo
Published: May 2018

El declive de la capacidad estatal para financiar la solución de problemas sociales se ha convertido en un tema común y repetitivo en un contexto mundial marcado por la desaceleración económica y los procesos de desindustrialización. Para superarlo, el sector privado y el denominado sector social han concurrido a la creación de novedosos mecanismos de financiación. Los Bonos con Impacto Social hacen parte de estas innovaciones con las cuales se espera coadyuvar a la eficiencia y transparencia en la ejecución de los escasos recursos públicos. Dentro de este panorama, el desafío para quienes promueven estas novedosas instituciones parece ser el de transformar los rígidos modelos de contratación a los que tradicionalmente se encuentra sujeta la actuación de las entidades públicas.
Planning on law: Fair and just in the division of benefits. The case of genetic resources in the high seas (water column)
Authors: Peña Neira Sergio
Published: May 2018

How to define sharing benefits from Marine Genetic Resources in the High Seas (water column) as equitable and just? Supposedly, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, international custom and the Convention on Biological Diversity do not rule Marine Genetic Resources in the High Seas as far as sharing benefits is concerned. The basic feature of international law and its sub-disciplines (of environment, investment, conflict resolution), subjects, and objects has to do with its content whatever the validity from international law as such or national law and the content based on sense and limits by interpretation and application (internationally and nationally). Interpreting international legal rules is only possible utilizing the elements established by international law, one is the systematically interpretation considering all and certain legal rules as foundations of the international legal system.
La imprescriptibilidad de la acción reparatoria por crímenes de lesa humanidad y la responsabilidad del Estado. Comentarios sobre la jurisprudencia y la legislación argentinas
Authors: Sommer Christian G.
Published: May 2018

Los procesos de reclamación sobre imprescriptibilidad de delitos de lesa humanidad en el ámbito latinoamericano han implicado en las últimas décadas un avance en la garantía de justicia para las víctimas de graves violaciones a derechos humanos en las últimas dictaduras militares. Pero ese avance en el ámbito penal no ha sido acompañado con medidas judiciales que habiliten reclamaciones civiles a los autores de los graves crímenes, y particularmente al Estado como responsable institucional de los agentes estatales que los cometieron. La imprescriptibilidad de las acciones civiles en el marco del nuevo régimen de responsabilidad de Estado en Argentina plantea nuevos debates sobre su regulación legal, acorde con las obligaciones internacionales asumidas por el Estado.
El Medio Oriente: entre rebeliones populares y geopolítica
Authors: Conde Gilberto
Published: May 2018

Medio Oriente ha sido escenario de fuertes convulsiones desde los levantamientos populares de 2011. Los enfrentamientos entre dos ámbitos de actores regionales con conexiones internacionales y su influencia en los conflictos existentes mantiene similitudes con la guerra fría árabe terminada alrededor de 1971. Sin embargo, también tiene grandes diferencias, como la aparición de nuevos actores no estatales que escapan a la lógica de los polos, intrínseca a cualquier guerra fría. La situación actual exhibe dos ámbitos conservadores, uno liderado por la monarquía saudí, que incluye la rivalidad de esta con la qatarí, y otro por los gobernantes iraníes. Esto, sin embargo, no debe confundirse con una oposición binaria entre sunníes y shiíes. En el texto se explora la génesis y el carácter de lo que podríamos llamar “la nueva guerra fría del Medio Oriente”, particularmente en el contexto de las diversas revueltas populares en los países árabes y las reacciones conservadoras más importantes.
Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
Authors: Di Rico Massimo
Published: May 2018

Las sublevaciones populares en la región de Medio Oriente representaron un momento de cambio político en todos los países árabes tanto a nivel nacional como en términos de equilibrio en la geopolítica regional. En el análisis de estos eventos se dio particular relevancia a la agencia de medios de comunicaciones tradicionales y digitales. El canal satelital Al Jazeera en árabe jugó un papel relevante en la propagación de las protestas en diferentes países de la región, tanto por su extensa cobertura de los acontecimientos como por la credibilidad que había ganado entre la población desde su fundación en 1996. Pero la posición del canal respecto a las protestas, y el uso de diferentes enfoques según el país, lo llevaron a perder una parte importante de su audiencia. Por esta razón las sublevaciones, además de ciertos cambios geopolíticos relevantes, llevaron a una reconfiguración del ecosistema mediático de la región, con el establecimiento de nuevos medios informativos y la conformación de un espacio donde diferentes canales de información satelital, en su gran mayoría vinculados con países o actores políticos de la región, lucharon para promocionar su visión sobre los acontecimientos políticos en Medio Oriente. Esa condición ha llevado a la configuración de una nueva geopolítica de la información, en estrecha relación con los equilibrios de poder cambiantes a nivel de política regional. La reflexión sobre la relación entre geopolítica e información abre interrogantes acerca del futuro rol de estos canales como herramientas de política exterior de los principales actores en las disputas geopolíticas.
Leapfrogging Under A Sequential Investment Strategy
Authors: Yim Hyung Rok
Published: May 2018

A common FDI pattern observed across Korean parents investing in China is that they invest sequentially. Revoking that Korean parents are intended to achieve production efficiency in China, the economies of scale of a sequential investment strategy is relatively lower compared to a large scale one-shot investment; however, the latest production technologies can be applied to sequentially established subsidiaries, which can open a strategic pathway to leapfrog other competitors in the long run. A game model is constructed to demonstrate that as longer the Korean parents are expected to stay in China, they are better off by pursuing a sequential investment strategy. Unfortunately, this result does not mean that they can leapfrog competitors through sequential investment strategy. This can happen only when they begin with larger resource endowments. The model predicts that, under the lack of resources in establishing Chinese subsidiaries, Korean firms’ leapfrogging through sequential investment strategy can occur if technology shocks occur to follow-up investments after an initial investment is done. A scenario approach is performed to prove this prediction empirically. It turns out that the firm value of those Korean parents that pursue sequential investment strategy increases the most when the longer they operate in China and when their research and development investments are higher at the same time. Also, as they stay longer in China, they are intended to make more sequential investments.
Key Management Model Of Added Value In The Historical Tourist Attractions: The Case Studies The Emerald Buddha Temple Bangkok Thailand
Authors: Kerdpitak Chayanan
Published: May 2018

The promotion of the historical tourist attractions is an important mission that should be accomplished to ensure that the tourists have admired ancient sites that are valuable, rare, Inimitable andnon – substitution. The tourists are thus enthusiastic to visit the ancient sites and willing to promote and encourage other tourists to visit these tourist attractions. By this reason, the objective of this research is to study the main factors affecting the added value of the tourist to the historical tourist attractions in Thailand. The factors include, Participation Management, Processes Management, Resource Management, Tourists Satisfaction, Tourist Attractions Differentiation and Added Value of Tourists.

In this study, the researcher has applied both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies using questionnaires and in-depth interview. The sample comprises visitors to the Temple of the Emerald Buddha. Meanwhile, the path analysis has been used to analyze the data. At the same time the researcher intends to propose the conceptual framework for this study with an aim to identify of the research question, there are any factors affecting to the added value of the visitors to the ancient sites. Moreover, the researcher has recommended 7 assumptions to find out the factors that have effects on the added value of the visitors to the ancient sites.

The result has shown that the Tourists satisfaction and the differentiation in tourist attractions have affected the visitors’ added value with the significance level at 0.008. The result of this study can be used to set up the business operations policy of the Thai tourism business. The policy focuses on differentiation placing the development of tourist attractions as first priority followed by the environmental management, the promotion of tourist attractions and the renovation of ancient sites respectively.
Gambaran Kondisi Ibu Hamil dengan Diabetes Mellitus di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember Tahun 2013-2017 (Description of Pregnant Women Condition with Diabetes Mellitus in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember on 2013-2017)
Authors: Tito Putri Meggeria Dyah Matrika , Wahjudi Pudjo , Prasetyowati Irma
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus or diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease disorder caused by pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body can’t effectively use produced insulin. In pregnant women with a family history of diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of pregnancy with diabetes mellitus is 5.1%. This research aim to determine description of pregnant women condition with diabetes mellitus in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research used descriptive method with case series design. The sample size of 19 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus was selected by total sampling technique. The results showed that the high maternal age (52.6%), low education (89.5%), unemployment or housewife (89.2%), had a genetic 78.9%), BMI overweight (57.9%), glucosuria (89.5%), history of pre-eclampsia (57.9%), low parity (79%), never miscarried (84.2%). Based on the result of the research, it was concluded that maternal education, maternal job, genetic, overweight BMI, glucosuria, and history of pre-eclampsia had an effect towards the occurrence of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, also maternal age, parity and history of miscarriage had no effect on the occurrence of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus. To raise awareness of the risks of pregnancy with diabetes mellitus can be done with screening for diabetes mellitus.

 Keywords: diabetes mellitus, pregnant women, RSD dr. Soebandi.
Status Gizi dan Kualitas Hidup Lansia yang Tinggal Bersama Keluarga dan pelayanan Sosial Tresna werdha (Nutritional Status and Quality of Life of Elderly People Who’s Lived With Family and Tresna Werdha Social Service in Bondowoso)
Authors: Lailiyah Putri Istik , Rohmawati Ninna , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: May 2018

Abstract

The number of population and life expectancy of elderly in Indonesia have increased every year. Health problems of elderly are associated with the environmental change and nutritional status that will affect for their quality of life. This research used a cross sectional approach and conducted in Bondowoso area with data at Tresna Werdha Social Service Bondowoso and elderly living in region of Maesan Public Health Centre. This research based on 72 respondents, consist of 36 respondents that living with  family and 36 respondents that living in PSTW. The sampling technique used Proportional Random Sampling. Methods of data used questionnaires adapted from WHOQOL-BREF. Data analyzed by Chi Square test (α = 0,05). The results showed that nutritional status of elderly living in PSTW were better than elderly living with their family (p<0,05). Quality of life according of physical health domain,  psychological domain, social relationships domain, and over all quality of life of elderly living with their family were better than the elderly living in PSTW (p <0.05). While on quality of life according to environment domain in elderly living with their family and PSTW have same result (p> 0,05).

 Keywords: elderly,nutritional status, quality of life
Perbedaan Dukungan Nenek dalam Keluarga Extended Family pada Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan Tidak Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Arjasa Kabupaten Jember (The Differences of Grandmother Support in Extended Family on Exclusive and Non-Exclusive Breastfee
Authors: Amalia Dina , Hardiani Ratna Sari , Sulistyorini Lantin
Published: May 2018

The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Jember still low, it’s about 69.27% from the target is 80%.One factors of that is the lackness of family support, especially grandmother. Grandmother mantainto give early complementary foods to baby because of cultural reasons. The aim of this study was toanalyze the differences of grandmother support in extended family on exclusive and non-exclusivebreastfeeding in working area of Arjasa public health center. This research used an observationalanalytic design with Retrospective approach. The subjects was 66 mothers with babies aged 7-12months which divided in two groups, 22 of mothers who breastfeed exclusively dan 44 mothers whobreastfeed not exclusively that collected by multistage random sampling. Instrument usedquestionnaire. The analysis based on statistical Mann-Whitney showed p value = 0.001 (p value <α=0.05). It means there are the differences of grandmother support in extended family on exclusiveand non-exclusive breastfeeding. Grandmothers can affect the mothers to decided breastfeedexclusively. Informational support is the most important support to mothers. Health workers need toimprove mothers’s knowledge and involve grandmothers as effort giving exclusive breastfeeding, sothe rate of exclusive breastfeeding can be increased.Keywords: grandmother support, exclusive, non-exclusive, breastfeeding
PEMBUATAN RESIN PENUKAR KATION SELULOSA FOSFONAT DAN EFISIENSI PERTUKARANNYA TERHADAP UNSUR TANAH JARANG
Authors: Anggraeni Anni , Aghnia M Elsa , Sofyatin Titin , Hendrati Diana , Bahti Husein H.
Published: May 2018

Kromatografi pertukaran ion telah digunakan secara luas dalam proses pemisahan dan pemurnian. Resin penukar ion komersial sebagai fasa diam pada umumnya berbasis polistiren. Pada penelitian ini dikaji pembuatan resin penukar kation dengan gugus sulfonat yang diikatkan pada selulosa dari serat batang pisang sebagai limbah pertanian. Pembuatan resin penukar kation diawali dengan proses isolasi selulosa dari serat batang pisang, kemudian proses fosforilasi menggunakan fosfor oksiklorida 16,67% dalam metilen klorida (1:5), dan karakterisasi resin selulosa fosfonat menggunakan spektrofotometer inframerah, XRF, uji kapasitas pertukaran ion dan efisiensinya terhadap ion-ion Gadolinium (III), Neodimium (III), Serium (IV), Samarium (III), Praseodimium (III) dan Yttrium (III). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemurnian selulosa dari proses isolasi adalah 90,70% dan proses fosforilasi optimum pada suhu 90oC selama 2,5 jam. Karakterisasi dari spektrum inframerah menunjukkan adanya puncak baru, yaitu pada serapan 1240 cm-1 yang merupakan daerah untuk regangan P-O-C dan diperkuat dengan meningkatnya intensitas pada serapan 1319 cm-1 yang menunjukkan regangan P=O. Massa jenis resin selulosa terfosforilasi adalah 1,68 g/mL dan kapasitas pertukaran kation 1,99 mek/g. Efisiensi pertukaran kation resin terhadap ion-ion Gadolinium (III), Neodimium (III), Serium (IV), Samarium (III), Praseodimium (III) dan Yttrium (III) berturut-turut adalah 108,8±0,17x10-3, 111,9±0,04x10-3, 98,1±0,02 x10-3, 96,4±0,79x10-3, 82,3±0,04x10-3 dan 92,4±0,04x10-3 mek/g. Kata Kunci: Resin penukar kation, selulosa, fosforilasi, kapasitas pertukaran ion, efisiensi pertukaran ion
HUBUNGAN LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN DENGAN KANDUNGAN MINERAL MATTER DAN SULFUR PADA BATUBARA
Authors: Talla Harli
Published: May 2018

Mineral matter dan sulfur merupakan komponen anorganik yang selalu berpengaruh negatif pada saat pemanfaatan batubara di industri. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberadaan mineral dan sulfur dalam batubara adalah lingkungan pengendapan. Konsep ini merupakan latar belakang penelitian, dengan tujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh lingkungan pengendapan terhadap kandungan mineral matter dan sulfur pada batubara. Batubara yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Cekungan Papua Utara (BCPU) dan Cekungan Kutai (BCK). Interpretasi lingkungan pengendapan menunjukkan bahwa batubara BCPU terbentuk pada lingkungan caostal marsh, sedangkan batubara BCK tersedimentasi di lingkungan limnik. Implikasi penelitian adalah lingkungan pengendapan berpengaruh terhadap komponen anorganik batubara seperti kandungan mineral matter (pirit dan lempung), sulfur dan abu tinggi
Determination Optimum pH Adsorption of Chromium Using Duck Feathers as Adsorbent Modification CH3OH and HCl
Authors: Nurwijayanti Dwi , Lili Utami Umi Baroroh , Umaningrum Dewi
Published: May 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang “Penentuan pH Optimum Adsorpsi Kromium Menggunakan Adsorben Bulu Itik Termodifikasi CH3OH dan HCl”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi CH3OH optimum pada proses modifikasi dan pH optimum adsorpsi ion logam Cr oleh adsorben bulu itik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi CH3OH 25% menghasilkan adsorpsi optimum Cr pada proses modifikasi. Adsorpsi ion logam Cr menggunakan adsorben bulu itik sebelum dan setelah dimodifikasi mempunyai pH optimum yaitu masing-masing pH 5 dan 4 dengan kromium teradsorpsi sebesar 42,170% dan 58,777%.
Natural Fractures and Mechanical Properties in a Horn River Shale Core From Well Logs and Hardness Measurements
Authors: Yang Sheng , Harris Nicholas B. , Dong Tian , Wu Wei , Chen Zhangxin
Published: May 2018

This paper documents the formation of natural fractures in the Horn River Group, a major Canadian shale gas play, and addresses relationships between natural-fracture development and rock-mechanical properties derived from cores and well logs. Most natural fractures in the Horn River Shale are narrow vertical fractures, sealed with carbonate minerals. In this study, the formation of observed fractures is primarily determined by a lithology type, mineral composition, and rock-mechanical properties at the timing of fracturing.

Brittleness is an important geomechanical property controlling the formation of fractures, because brittle shale is more easily fractured than ductile shale, and fractures in brittle shale tend to persist when the fracturing pressure is released. In this study, a hardness value measured by a commercial hardness tester is found to be a good proxy for the brittleness of shale layers. On the basis of a statistical analysis, the threshold values of both hardness and brittleness are estimated to predict the distribution of natural fractures, assuming that the mechanical properties of the host rock were relatively stable from at least the time at which fractures formed. Hardness values are shown to be more reliable than brittleness.