bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modification of Macronutrient Intake for Prevention of Gout in Japanese People in 2022: 2024 Update
Authors: Koguchi Takashi
Published: December 2024

In Japan, the prevalence of gout has increased markedly since the 1960s. Following on from the previous report, the aim of this article is to suggest what macronutrient intake is important for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2022 referencing the results of clinical research reported. As the previous report, the author used the data of the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan for the number of gout patients (1986-2022) and the data of the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan (1946-2022) for the intake of macronutrients. Macronutrient intake of Japanese people in 2022 were compared with those in 2019. The relationship between the number of gout patients and macronutrient intake in Japanese people was examined. The number of gout patients of Japanese people in 2022 was higher compared to that in 2019 (2019: 1.254 million; 2022: 1.306 million). Almost all gout patients were adults, and the number of gout patients were higher in men than in women. Compared to the Japanese diet in 2019, in the Japanese diet in 2022, the mean ratio of energy intake from protein in total energy intake (Protein/Energy) was the same and the mean ratio of energy intake from fat in total energy intake (Fat/Energy) increased by 0.5% and the mean ratio of energy intake from carbohydrate in total energy intake (Carbohydrate /Energy) decreased by 0.5%. The daily intake of dietary fiber of Japanese men (aged ≥ 15 years) in 2022 was below the Adequate Intakes (AIs) established by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in the U.S. The Fat/Energy and Saturated fatty acids/Energy and the daily intake of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were positively correlated with the number of gout patients, respectively. Whereas the Protein/Energy and the daily intake of energy, total carbohydrate, total protein, animal protein, and vegetable protein were negatively correlated with the number of gout patients, respectively. Modification of macronutrient intake for the prevention of gout in Japanese people (especially adults) in 2022 is suggested as follows: reduce the mean ratio of energy intake from saturated fatty acids in total energy intake (Saturated fatty acids/Energy); limiting or decreasing intake of fat, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol; increase intake of carbohydrate (particularly dietary fiber) and protein (particularly animal protein from low-fat dairy products and vegetable protein).
Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for Decompensated Post-Hepatitis B Cirrhosis: A Case Report
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Aamir Siyab , Hassan Nida , Imran Karrar , Bahtiyarova Gulnaz , Nabgouri Younes , Opara Nnamdi , Ming Zhang
Published: December 2024

End-stage liver disease (ESLD) represents the terminal phase of chronic liver injury, characterized by overt clinical manifestations and severe complications that significantly impair the quality of life. The condition often culminates in a variety of symptoms, including jaundice, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy, which reflect the liver's inability to perform its essential functions. Liver transplantation remains the definitive treatment for ESLD; however, limitations in donor organ availability necessitate exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. we present a case of a 71-year-old Asian male with decompensated post-hepatitis B cirrhosis, who had a one-year history of hematemesis and melena. Endoscopic evaluation confirmed the presence of esophageal-gastric varices, further corroborating portal hypertension and hypersplenism. This patient underwent treatment with autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation. Following the procedure, the patient demonstrated significant clinical improvement, suggesting the safety and potential feasibility of BM-MSC transplantation for patients with ESLD. The field of BM-MSC transplantation has witnessed significant progress in recent years, emerging as a promising therapeutic approach for ESLD. This innovative treatment modality harnesses the regenerative capabilities of stem cells to promote liver repair and function. Notably, BM-MSCs possess immunomodulatory properties that may mitigate inflammation and fibrosis in the liver, thereby addressing some of the underlying pathophysiology associated with ESLD. This case presentation highlights the potential application of BM-MSC therapy in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The findings underscore the need for further research and refinement of clinical application techniques to fully realize the broad therapeutic possibilities of BM-MSC transplantation for ESLD. As we advance our understanding of stem cell therapies, it is crucial to conduct larger studies to evaluate long-term outcomes and establish standardized protocols for treatment.
Molecular Orientation Resolved (e, 2e) Cross Sections for CF4 at 67 eV Impact Energy
Authors: Hossen Khokon , Takia Humaira , Arshad Hossain , Moshiur Rahman , Hossain Md. , Rahaman Muhammad
Published: December 2024

In this investigation, the fully differential cross sections (FDCS) for ionization of electron impact at low energy (E0 = 67 eV) were measured for the specific orientations of the molecules and around it axis. In the full perpendicular plane (FPP), the FDCS for CF4 were experimentally figured out by using reaction microscope (REMI) for different kinematics such as two ejection electron energies of 5 eV and 8 eV, scattering angles of -25° and 30°, and two molecular axis directions of ϕMol = 0° and 45°, also their relative orientations such as 180° and 225°. The momentum vectors of the two ejected electrons (with energies Ee1, and Ee2) and the fragment ions (e, 2e+ ions) were detected by the triple coincidence method. For the duration of dissociation, the time of flight (TOF) of CF3+, CF2+, CF+, F+, and C+ are observed in the TOF diagram. During the dissociation of the final fragment of CF3+ ion and its electronic ground state neutral F, the momentum vector of CF3+ allows us to draw conclusions about the orientation of the molecule in the course of the collision. Finally, it was remarked that concerning molecular orientation, electrons are highly sensitive at low energy and low scattering angle.
An Assessment of KAP Towards LTBI in Under-5 Children among Physicians Treating Adult/Adolescent TB Patients in Dhaka City
Authors: Sonia Umme , Thakur Mukta , Jesmine Jakiya , Sultana Ajmiri , Jui Farjana , Tabassum Sadia , Ahmed Shakil
Published: December 2024

Introduction: LTBI is the precursor to TB, making early detection and treatment of infected children vital to preventing pediatric morbidity and mortality. This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of physicians treating adult and adolescent TB patients in managing LTBI among under-5 children in Dhaka. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of physicians treating adult and adolescent tuberculosis patients in Dhaka City regarding the diagnosis and management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in under-5 children. Methods: This six-month cross-sectional, semi-qualitative study was conducted from January to June 2020 at the Department of Paediatrics in five Dhaka hospitals, involving 50 physicians treating adult and adolescent TB patients. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires, with consent obtained, and qualitative responses categorized and scored using SPSS Version 25.0. Result: Among 50 physicians, most were aged 30-39, and 62% had recent TB training. Knowledge of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was limited, with only 14% accurately defining it, while 88% acknowledged isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) availability. Only 12% inquired about family members of pulmonary TB patients, and 10% asked about under-five children. A significant 80% had no involvement in managing LTBI in children, with just 6% prescribing IPT. Additionally, 84% believed IPT could cause drug resistance, and those with recent training scored higher in knowledge. Conclusion: This KAP study identifies key barriers to LTBI tracing and IPT/TPT implementation in children under five, emphasizing the need for structured training to enhance physician practices.
A Theoretical Framework for the Calculation of the Number of Covalent Bonds in Unsaturated Organic Compounds
Authors: Gavrilă Vlad , Nicolescu Teodor
Published: December 2024

Theoretical frameworks are important structures that provide novel ways of understanding unique and complex ideas related to many fields of science. Therefore, in this manuscript we try to present a theoretical framework with new general equations that share a similar structure with the index of hydrogen deficiency and can be used to calculate the number of covalent bonds for numerous unsaturated organic molecules. Our mathematical model is based on graph theory combined with classical organic chemistry concepts, and the variables that made up all the general equations are represented by the number of atoms and the valence of those atoms that correspond to unsaturated organic compounds which contain only simple covalent bonds. The main scope of this model is to be used manually by scientists that are interested in performing an easy and fast calculation of bonds and rings for various classes of molecules in order to deduce more information about their possible chemical structures. Other objectives include the possibility for future implementation of computer programs based on IHD like equations similar with the ones that will be presented in this manuscript to help researchers speed up the process of identification and calculation of multiple chemical variables. In essence, our study represents a novel comprehensive methodology for finding the number of covalent bonds and rings in specific chemical compounds.
Can Supplementation with the Cow Start Complete Bolus Result in Elevated Blood Calcium Status in a Group of At-Risk Dairy Cows During the First Four Days of Lactation
Authors: Lawlor John , Neville Enda , Fahey Alan
Published: December 2024

The prophylactic supplementation of freshly calved multiparous cows with oral calcium supplements (bolus, drink, drench, paste) has increased in popularity in recent years. Oral calcium supplements are generally only effective for 12 hours, yet the high-risk period for hypocalcaemia in freshly calved multiparous cows is 48 hours post-partum. Therefore, a second application 12 hours post-partum is suggested by manufacturers, yet due to labour shortages on dairy farms, it is very common for the second application to not be carried out. The objectives of this study were to ascertain if a the administration of a single dose of the sustained release bolus (Cow Start Complete, Anchor Life Science, Co. Cork, Ireland) given to the cow at calving, could offer the combined benefits of elevated calcium status over the first 48 hours post-partum from a labour efficient single dose given at calving and also to evaluate if this enhanced calcium status could have a positive effect on daily rumination time and milk production yields in the first three months of lactation. The two groups consisted of an un-supplemented control (CON) group and a Cow Start Complete (CSC) group in which cows were given a single bolus dose at the point of calving. The CON group experienced a clinical milk fever (Blood Ca <1.5mmol/L) incidence rate of 13.3% compared to 0% for the CSC group. Cows given the CSC treatment had significantly (P<0.0001) higher total blood calcium levels (2.14 mmol/L) from the point of calving (0h) to 4 days post-partum (96h) compared to CON (1.98mmol/L), with significant increases at 12h (P<0.01), 24h (P<0.001) and 36h (P<0.01) post-partum. Rumination time for CSC cows (471mins/day) was significantly (P<0.05) higher during the first 14 days post-partum when compared to CON (434mins/day) group. Milk production was also significantly (P<0.01) higher for CSC cows (+1.8kg/day) than in CON cows during the first 90 days of lactation. These findings demonstrate that the convenience of giving a single dose of CSC at calving, can be combined with desired outcomes in a range of key benefits in freshly calved multiparous cows.
DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging
Authors: Yeshanew Temesgen , begashew Betelhem , Birhane Nega , Getie Birhan
Published: December 2024

Aging is a spontaneous and permanent physiological process that leads to declines in tissue and cell functions, along with an increased risk of developing various age-related diseases. The primary driving force associated with aging is the accumulation of damaged genetic material in the cell, such as DNA. DNA damage can be caused by endogenous and exogenous factors, which leads to genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and proteostatic disturb. Another driving force associated with aging is the disruption of cellular metabolism. This disruption is closely linked to alterations in the role of metabolic pathways, including insulin/IGF-1 and mTOR, which regulate crucial cellular processes like cell growth, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The activation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway highly promotes cell growth and proliferation, while also inhibits autophagy and increasing ROS production. This ultimately leads to accelerated aging. Another crucial signaling pathway is the mTOR signaling pathway. It is responsible for detecting nutrient availability and controlling cell growth and metabolism. The dysregulation of mTOR function can lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by the aggregation of protein. Activation of transposable elements is the other driving force of aging, caused by changes in DNA methylation and the loss of heterochromatin. As a result, this leads to DNA damage, genomic instability, and inflammation. The aim of this review is to elucidate the consequence of DNA damage and other associated factors drive aging.
Utilization of Adolescent-Friendly Health Services in Mathare Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Musau Domitila , Kimani Harun , Mwanzo Isaac
Published: December 2024

Adolescent-friendly health services are essential for addressing the unique health needs of young people, particularly in informal settlements where access to quality healthcare is often limited. This study examined the utilization of AFHS among adolescents in the Mathare informal settlement, Nairobi, Kenya, with a focus on socio-demographic characteristics, health system factors, and adolescents' perceptions of service quality. A cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to a randomly selected sample of adolescents aged 15-19 years. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, while logistic regression identified factors associated with AFHS utilization. Results showed significant associations between adolescent education level (χ2 = 4.54, p=0.033), type of school attended (χ2 = 24.05, p=0.001), religion (χ2 = 16.32, p=0.001), parent’s living status (χ2 = 28.71, p=0.001), and parent’s occupation (χ2 = 24.76, p=0.0001), as well as father’s (Fisher's exact p=0.001) and mother’s education levels (Fisher's exact p=0.001) with AFHS utilization. Health system factors, including waiting time (Fisher's exact p=0.049) and staff communication (χ2 = 63.22, p=0.0001), were also significantly associated with AFHS use. Additionally, the opportunity to ask questions in nearby health facilities was linked to higher utilization (χ2 = 20.42, p=0.0001). Perceived health risks among adolescents were significantly associated with AFHS use (Fisher's exact = 0.004). Key barriers identified included limited accessibility, insufficient healthcare worker training, and concerns about confidentiality. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, comprehensive policies by the MOH, improved resource allocation, and specialized training for healthcare workers. The study recommends the use of mobile clinics, awareness campaigns, and peer education programs to enhance service utilization. Collaborative efforts between AFHS centers, community leaders, schools, and youth organizations are essential for improving access and addressing socio-economic barriers in informal settlement
Experimental Study of Physical Properties of River Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Sand/Plastic Composites for Roofing
Authors: Nafu Yakum , Gilbert Tchemou , Albert Waindim , Paul Yuyoh , Tendo Foba , Saingwea Richard , Loic Noubissie
Published: December 2024

The non-biodegradability of plastics released into the environment makes the soils infertile, impedes the drainage of waste water and rain water in existing gutters and the spread of waterborne diseases which are traits to human life. This study aimed at producing roofing sheet from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and river sand. Sand was collected from the river while plastic bottles were collected from the environment. The physical properties of the sand such as natural water content, specific gravity, apparent density, grain size analysis, Sand equivalent test and Organic matter content were determined. Nine different sample formulation of ten each were moulded with sand/PET content of 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, 10/90 (A to I). Water absorption rate, flexural strength, impact test and drilling test were determined. It was observed that the averages of natural water content, specific gravity and apparent density were 0.871%, 2.66 and 1.654g/cm3 respectively. The coefficients of uniformity, coefficient of curvature and fineness modulus of sand from grain size analysis were 3.17, 0.79 and 2.97 respectively. The averages of visual and piston sand equivalent and organic matter content were 94.89%, 89.82% and 2.42% respectively. The rates of water absorption of composites were 3.62% to 0.11% at saturation. Flexural strength and impact were 200.5daN/cm2 and 123J/mm2 respectively while the drilling time was maximum at 80% sand. These results obtained reveal that plastic/sand composite can be used as a roofing material.
The Demographic Characteristics of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Western Sudan During the Conflict of 2023-2024
Authors: Mohammed Amal , Humida Eldisugi , Ali Ahmed , Ahmed Hussain
Published: December 2024

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was a global health burden in low-income and fragile developing countries with poor health systems districted by war, such as Sudan. The purpose of this study was to look at the demographic characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, such as gender, age, material status, education, occupation, and treatment delays. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive. The study included about 533 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The data gathering was done in August 2024. A data collection sheet was produced, and all pertinent information was acquired. Results: The results showed that 76% of 533 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were males and 24% were females, with the primary age groups being 26-35 years old (27.5%) and 18-25 years old (22%). More than 51% were from metropolitan regions, with a primary education, and 29% worked as gold miners, followed by free workers. Conclusion: PTB represents the Sudan's biggest health problem, impacted the productive and working-age population, as well as the destitute community, causing significant financial, security, and environmental issues. Direct support for the TB control program has raised community awareness regarding early detection and treatment of PTB.
Design of Local Micro-Grids to Solve the Electricity Shortage in Iraq Cities
Authors: Hammadi Fadhil , Shaker Qais , Al-Mufti Abdulmohaimen , Jabbar Rashid , Al-Chaderchi Monadhil
Published: December 2024

Iraqi cities suffer from a shortage of electric power due to poor production and deterioration of transmission and distribution lines. There is no prospect currently for improving the grid, despite the government's promises. So it has become necessary to find alternatives, at least at the local level. This research, presented a successful alternative, which applied all over the world, which is the local microgrid. Also, it’s developed a design for this microgrid that suits the conditions of Iraq and supports the integration of clean energy produced by the consumer. The results indicate the success of investing in this microgrid by small investors, foreign companies or local administrations of the cities that want to develop their cities in isolation from the problems of the country's national electrical grid. This solution reduce the pressure on the national grid on one hand and improve the electricity service for the consumer on the other hand, by providing the pivotal key to the solution, which is replacing the blind system of paying wages (for electricity service) currently followed in Iraq with the billing system followed in all developed countries of the world. This solution provides the possibility of deploying the economic solar PV system (without batteries) in Iraqi houses to reduce the bills and also allows personal monitoring of electricity consumption so that the consumer can reduce loads during peak times to reduce bills as well.
Challenges Faced by Start-up Entrepreneurs in Agriculture Sector to Access Finance: A Case of Agro-dealers in Zambia's Central Province
Authors: Mainza Nicholus , Hachinene Chipego
Published: December 2024

Background: This study evaluated financial barriers limiting the growth and sustainability of agro-dealers in Zambia's Central Province. It also examined the impact of these challenges on the agricultural supply chain, assessed the adequacy of existing financial services, and investigated the role of government policies, financial institutions, and development programs in facilitating or hindering access to finance. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, the study surveyed 384 agro-dealers. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models to identify predictors of credit access and sales impact. Results: Major financial barriers identified were high interest rates (80.2%), collateral requirements (85.1%), and complex application processes (76.8%). These barriers led to inadequate stock (87.2%), lost sales (82.0%), and reduced product quality (50.8%). Logistic regression showed high interest rates significantly increased credit access (AOR = 6.68) and increased sales impact likelihood (AOR = 5.71). Collateral requirements also increased sales impact likelihood (AOR = 4.07). Thematic analysis highlighted inadequate government support, stringent lending criteria, and limited development program reach. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for targeted interventions, including simplifying application processes, developing tailored financial products, increasing government support, and enhancing development program reach. These measures are crucial for improving agro-dealers' financial stability and growth, thereby strengthening Zambia's agricultural sector and economy.
The Influence of Learning Styles on Students’ Academic Achievement in Secondary Schools at Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Sakata Moti
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study assess the influence of learning styles on students’ academic achievement in Secondary Schools at Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia. An explanatory sequential method design was used for the study. The target population of this study was four secondary school students included in the Harari Regional State. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to get the sample size (ni = 347) from the population. Learning Styles Questionnaire (LSQ) and 2023/2024 first-semester students’ academic scores were used as data collection instruments. Firstly, it was identified that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between students’ learning styles and their academic achievement. Among the learning styles, kinesthetic was found a statistically significant strong positive relationship between it and academic achievement r (347) =.42**, p <.05. Secondly, in the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that kinesthetic, as a learning style was the strongest predictor of students’ academic achievement. To conclude, learning styles were significantly contributing to students’ academic achievement. It was, therefore recommended that teachers should vary their teaching methods and strategies to pave the way for students to use different learning styles.
Comparison of Intraoperative Fentanyl Usage and Waste After Transition from 100-μg Vials to 50-μg Preloaded Syringes: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Huang , Lai Emily , Bhavsar Shreyas , Miller Brian , Chung Jovelle , Phillips Bradly , Feng Lei , Soliz Jose , Brown Jessica
Published: December 2024

Background: The rapidly acting opioid fentanyl, commonly used in the perioperative setting, has traditionally been packaged in 100 or 250-μg vials. In September 2021, our institution implemented a change from fentanyl 100-μg vials to 50-μg preloaded syringes in our operating rooms. The objective of this study was aimed at assessing the association of the fentanyl product change on reducing medication waste and the amount of fentanyl administered during surgery. Methods: This single-center, retrospective study entailed a review of anesthesia records from September 2020 to September 2022 of adult patients who underwent general anesthesia and received fentanyl for surgery at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. The data set was divided into a control period (CP) using 100-μg vials and a post transition period (PT) using 50-μg preloaded syringes. The primary outcome measures were the average amounts of fentanyl used and wasted per case. Secondary outcome measures consisted of intraoperative analgesic use as well as postoperative pain scores. Results: Among the 33,405 cases included in this study, the mean amount of fentanyl used per surgical case was higher in the CP group than in the PT group (133μg vs. 102μg; p<0.001). Additionally, fentanyl waste occurred in a higher percentage of cases in the CP group than in the PT group (13.9% vs. 2.9%; p<0.001). We did not observe a significant difference in post-anesthesia care unit pain scores between the CP and PT groups. Conclusion: Transitioning to preloaded fentanyl syringes decreased medication waste and overuse of opioids intraoperatively. Simultaneously, the transition did not adversely affect patient analgesia in the post-anesthesia care unit.
Determinants of the Performance of Farmers' Cooperatives in Ethiopia
Authors: Agegnehu Melesse
Published: December 2024

Farmers' cooperatives play a crucial role in Ethiopia's agricultural development by enhancing market access, providing inputs and financial services, and improving smallholder farmers' bargaining power. Despite their potential, many cooperatives struggle due to economic, governance, and environmental challenges. While various studies have explored these issues, an up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of the literatures is essential to aggregate those findings and explore the common themes towards the key determinants. Therefore, this review synthesizes over two decades of researches to explore the determinants of the farmers’ cooperative performance in Ethiopia, focusing on economic, institutional, social, environmental, and technological factors. Access to credit, effective governance, and social cohesion emerge as critical determinants of cooperative success. Additionally, external support and technological adoption enhance their growth, while environmental factors such as climate variability present significant risks. Then, the review concludes, most of the cooperatives perform below the expected, that collaborative work between the members themselves and the government is invaluable for increasing the efficiency of cooperatives, and in turn, achieves the ultimate goals of improving the farmers overall wellbeing. Hence, the review would like to provide policy recommendations such as strengthening cooperative governance structures, enhancing credit access, promoting adoption & technology provision, and encouraging sustainable land management practices which would increase resilience and productivity of cooperative members.
The Mechanism of Formation and Display of Sacral-value Relations in the Language of Culture
Authors: Leontyeva Oksana
Published: December 2024

The issue of mutual understanding of cultures is today more relevant than ever and requires careful, deep and comprehensive consideration. This issue does not lie in the plane of one knowledge's direction, but is located in the interdisciplinary field in a complex interweaving of different scientific directions. Today it is an obvious fact that cultures touch each other by ideas and the way of worldview. The world picture of any cultural community is built on clots of ideas. Ideas arise in the human psychic field and are reflected in language through a special mechanism created by a culture, which stores and transmits the way of its worldview for the next generations. The psychic field, unlike the external environment, which consists of a multitude of random factors, is a field of certainty. In the field of certainty, the first sacred-value links between man and the world around him began to emerge and to be established at the dawn of the culture's origin. The first connections were unprecedented, because they formed basic thought-forms and served as an impetus for the creation of a mechanism for their fixation and transmission. This mechanism is based on thought forms, thought images, mental templates and language. If thought-forms are universal for any culture, then the filling of thought-forms with thought images and the formation of mental templates on their basis, as samples for perception and understanding of the culture's value reality, occurs individually in each culture. Acting together they create a special way of worldview, which is represented in any form of culture: language, painting etc. All subsequent ideas in a culture are realised through the way of worldview created by it and arise on the basis of the world's value picture, which was built on the first sacral-value relations. In non-written languages, ideas are not conceptualised. They may exist disparately, but within a value picture of the world. Ideas are conceptualised in written language, which leads to the emergence of the ideology's prototype. The first written languages, while extending to cultures that were in contact proximity, or that were part of one large community, it was not able to fully conceptualise the value systems already existing within the culture. Written language was able to absorb such meanings, but was unable to assimilate or change the mental templates, and the value picture of the world built on them, of these cultures. Mental templates and ways of worldview are not influenced from outside and individualise cultures.
A Juridical-Canonical Perspective on the Rights and Duties of Christians in Active Participation in Politics for the Common Good
Authors: Fénélus Saint-Luc
Published: December 2024

Our objective with this article is to analyze the need and the raison d'être of the participation of the faithful in the perspective of faith in politics and in the reworking of the constitution. In it we identify the fundamental elements, the representational forms and participations, seeking to understand how these elements interfere in the people's liberation militancy from the point of view of the Church's Magisterium and the Church's Social Doctrine. Thus, to show that politics, although there are few good examples of those who exercise it, there is no doubt that, in essence, it is a good for everyone. Yes, because politics is, originally, a way of thinking and living in society, with a healthy and community objective, that is, the good of the human person in society, the common well1. Hence, in politics, it does not matter the diversity of thoughts or position, what matters is the objective for the common well. That is why it has already been said that politics is the healthy coexistence of contrary thoughts / manifestations. The important thing is that the desire for a good always arises in us, a demand for valuing the other, as a human person, image and likeness of God2. This work is based on the theory of Social Representation since the Christian social and political faith present in that society and in the life and practice of politicians. Thus, it is possible to verify whether the political-social representation of faith is a constitutive element for the common well and the dignity of the human person, that of politics in the faith.
Krishna: The Matrix of the Wise Old Man
Authors: Acharya Binod
Published: December 2024

This article reads Krishna through the perspective myths and archetypes. Carl Gustav Jung postulates different archetypes in his Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious which are the building blocks of myths. He argues that the wise old man stands as a dominant archetype in different narratives. Consequently, The Mahabharata unveils its messages through the archetypes. Similarly, this study explores Krishna as a wise old man to the Pandavas. It also digs out the multidimensionality of Krishna who grooms the Pandavas as the winners. He rises as the counselor, guide and peace ambassador. In the same way, he psychologically motivates Arjuna for his real action through the Gita Darsana. Additionally, he manifests the proactive role killing Sisupal to make the Rajasuya a grand success and creating illusionary sunset to terminate Jayadrath with the help of the Sudarsana. This study fundamentally deals with these research questions: How does Krishna bring changes as he arrives into the life of the Pandavas? In what way does he breach the code for empowering his mentees? How does he manifest his guardianship during the Post Kurukshetra combat? His roles as the proactive mentor, psychosocial motivator and peace ambassador are used as the research tools. Similarly, the objectives are: to justify Krishna as a Jungian wise old man, to point out his strategic move to empower the Pandavas and to explore the long-term effect of his assistance in their life. This research does not incorporate Krishna’s role that remains away from the Pandavas. Moreover, it has used hermeneutic phenomenology as the research methodology because it relates subjective insight of the author. Finally, The Mahabharata consists of archetypal characters, archetypal actions and archetypal themes. It carries its themes through the underlying pattern of myths and archetypes.
Climate and Coffee Production in Ethiopia: A Review
Authors: Nigussie Zinash
Published: December 2024

Climate is a complex system involving the atmosphere, land surface, snow and ice, oceans, and other water bodies. It is measured by variations in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particles, and other meteorological variables over a 30-year period. Climate change has gained momentum due to anthropogenic disturbances, which may negatively impact human health and the biosphere. The complex relationships between humans, microbes, and the biosphere are causing an increase in greenhouse gases (GHGs), causing global warming and other cascade effects. Climate change is a key environmental concern, posing challenges to ecosystems, food security, water resources, and economic stability. Historical climate records and projected patterns across global regions have confirmed this, with Ethiopia experiencing significant increases in annual mean temperature, hot days, and nights. Climate variability refers to the Spatio-temporal fluctuation of climatic conditions, focusing on the variability dimensions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has declared climate change a key environmental concern. Climate in Ethiopia is characterized by significant geographic variance in rainfall and temperature data. The country has three seasons: bega (dry season) from October to January, belg (short rain season) from February to May, and kiremt (long rainy season) from June to September. The country's climate is influenced by the seasonal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and its varied geography, affecting landforms, natural landscapes, and local people's living situations. Coffee is susceptible to drought, over-wetting, and wind damage because its production and quality are largely dependent on temperature and rainfall levels. In key coffee-growing regions around the world, the yield of coffee is at risk due to climate change and unpredictability. The production of coffee is expected to be severely impacted by high temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns in terms of yield, quality, pests, and illnesses.
In - Depth Research on User Profiles in Securities Companies Under the Digital Background
Authors: Li Huimin
Published: December 2024

Based on systematically grasping the development, integration, and application of relevant technologies such as the industrial value - chain model in the securities industry, the securitization of real - industry assets and their flow patterns, and regulatory and risk - prevention - and - control models, this paper conducts in - depth research on user profiles centering on the main path of securities business and product innovation. Aiming at the modeling problems of business - behavior - level homomorphism consistency and business - network - isomorphy consistency in business network systems, the concept of business - network profiles is originally proposed. That is, taking the description image of user profiles as an index, equivalent classification analysis of the description image of business - network profiles is carried out. According to the behavior equivalence class and behavior - homomorphism consistency, the user - network associations and interaction relationships are identified, and the user - association - action - and - influence - network profile is established, thereby obtaining more accurate and scientific data analysis and business applications. Finally, from the perspectives of algorithms and modeling, the structural model frameworks of the correlation relationships, interaction relationships, and influence relationships between user profiles and business - network profiles are discussed one by one, and the extended user profiles, business - network profiles, and their application results are presented.
Klinefelter Mosaicism 46, XX/47, XXY with Ovotestis- DSD
Authors: SY Mama , Dial Chérif , Diallo Adji , Ibondou Racha , Diallo Abdoulaye , Faye Oumar
Published: December 2024

Klinefelter syndrome is a relatively common chromosomal condition affecting approximately 1 in 500-1,000 males. 46, XX /47 XXY Klinefelter Syndrome mosaicism is rare enough, resulting in a few cases described in literature. Variable phenotypes and clinical presentations such as gynecomastia, infertility, cryptorchidism, and disorders of sexual development (DSD) are associated with this karyotype presentation. The association of Klinefelter syndrome mosaicism 46 XX/47 XXY and OT DSD is a rare feature. We report the case of a 34-year-old man who presented for semen analysis and karyotyping in our unit. The patient had bilateral gynecomastia and absence of facial hair. Penile length was 4,5 cm with an external meatus located on the posterior face of the phallus, characterizing a posterior hypospadias. Testis was palpable in the right hemiscrotum, but the left hemiscrotum was empty. Ultrasonography revealed the presence of the left gonad located in the left iliac fossa, while the right gonad in the scrotum had testicular morphology according to ultrasound exam. Chromosomal analysis revealed 46, XX/47, XXY mosaicism, and semen analysis an azoospermia. Our patient underwent surgery because of the risk of malignancy, and histopathologic examination of the left excised gonad confirmed the structure to be an ovotestis. The biopsy of the right gonad, realized for eventual cryopreservation, revealed atrophic seminiferous tubules and a pseudo tumoral aspect of Leydig cells with hyperplasia without atypia. Personalized approach and multidisciplinary care are needed to get a diagnosis, resolve sex reassignment, and improve the quality of life of the patient. In that feature, the percentage of XX cells could play a role on phenotype, particularly on Müllerrian structure persistence, but also on a relative increased risk of malignancy degenerescence compared to other cases of OT-DSD.
On Lexico-Semantic Analysis of Yorùbá Deviant Proverbs
Authors: Saka Idayat
Published: December 2024

Proverbs are literary philosophical expressions in all languages including Yoruba. They are deployed to smooth communication delivery and also to enrich the intended messages. There are substantial numbers of research on Yoruba proverbs and proverbials. However, the present study examined the lexico-semantic relations between the primeval and certain deviant-constructed Yoruba proverbs, with a view to identifying the elements that define the frame, describe the semantic relations between them and account for the experience associated with the elements that brought the differences into discourse setting. Twenty (20) Yoruba primeval proverbs and their corresponding deviant versions were randomly selected and translated from the source language (SL) to the operational language (OL). The two versions of the proverbs were compared. Areas of differences in the two sets of the proverbs were identified and analyzed using the lens of frame semantics theory. The study discovered that the lexicalized items signaling deviation-frame between the two versions of the proverbs are made possible through relations of synonym, ambiguity, homograph, homonyms, and metonyms while the semantic relations were activated in substitution, paraphrase, and thematic shift. The study attributed the speaker’s experience engendering lexico-semantic disparity in the proverbs to the cultural incompetence and contextual equivalent. It is however noted that, the lexico-semantic relations between the primeval proverbs and their variants do not in any way exhibit contrary effects on the meaning and the performative functions of the deviant proverbs. This discovery posits that, unconscious speakers of deviant proverbs take cognizance of pragmatic equivalence rather than textual equivalence so as to make the context of the usage relevant irrespective of lexico- semantic deviations.
Research Frontiers in Ecological Restoration and Carbon Sequestration in Mining Areas: A Visual Analysis Using VOSviewer
Authors: Wang Yulong , Zhang Long , Zhu Guoyan , Song Chen , Zhang Longgang , Chang Wei , Li Kun , Wang Xiaohui
Published: December 2024

The functioning and progress of modern industrial systems are deeply reliant on mineral resources. While mining offers substantial economic and social gains, it also imposes notable environmental impacts. In the context of global climate change, sustainable mining and ecological restoration in mined areas are increasingly connected to carbon sequestration efforts. Enhancing carbon sink capacity in ecological restoration processes is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality. This study aims to review the current research landscape, identify key research areas, and explore future trends in this field. Relevant literature from the Web of Science was selected, key information extracted, and co-occurrence networks were mapped and analyzed using VOSviewer. Covering publications from 2000 to the present, the analysis spans 84 countries and regions, 1,184 institutions, 3,757 authors, and 858 papers. The main research areas include: (1) strategies for ecological and vegetative restoration of mining areas; (2) carbon sequestration processes in vegetation and soil in mining areas; (3) mechanisms for soil health restoration in mining areas; (4) the role of plants and microbes in pollution remediation; (5) importance of water resource management and wetland restoration in mining areas; and (6) ecological succession and biomass accumulation in mining area rehabilitation. This study highlights major contributors, countries, and institutions, elucidates research hotspots, and outlines directions for future development. By systematically summarizing research trends and hotspots in ecological restoration and carbon sequestration in mining areas, this work provides a valuable reference for researchers seeking to navigate and advance this dynamic field.
High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Found in Yaounde Fitness Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lamou Bonoy , Andre Hamadou , Francois Adama
Published: December 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a growing public health concern globally, characterized by a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. In Cameroon, particularly in urban areas like Yaoundé, lifestyle changes and a growing sedentary population have contributed to the rise of this syndrome. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals frequenting fitness centers in the city of Yaounde. In order to achieve this objective, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 483 participants, including 326 women and 157 men, aged between 20 and 70 years. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were taken to determine the participants' body mass index (BMI) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels were also assessed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome using the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). The findings revealed that 47.80% of the participants were affected by metabolic syndrome. The prevalence was notably higher in women (36.23%) than in men (11.59%). Additionally, the age group between 41 and 60 years exhibited the highest prevalence at 22.77%. The results underscore the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals attending fitness centers in Yaounde, with middle-aged women being the most affected. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to manage and prevent metabolic syndrome in this population.
Impact of Macroeconomic Instability on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Nigeria: An Analysis of GlaxoSmithKline, Kimberly-Clark, and Procter & Gamble (P&G) Exits
Authors: Ayoola David
Published: December 2024

This study explores the impact of macroeconomic instability on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Nigeria, with a particular focus on the recent exits of popular multinational corporations such as GlaxoSmithKline, Kimberly-Clark, and Procter & Gamble. FDI contributes significantly to the economic growth of developing countries like Nigeria driving industrialization. The research investigates the influence of key macroeconomic variables, including inflation and exchange rate volatility, on FDI inflows between 2013 and 2022. Using a mixed-methods approach which combines qualitative and quantitative techniques, the study employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, correlation analysis, and case study analysis to understand the relationship between macroeconomic instability and FDI trends. These selected multinational corporations provide more insights into the factors influencing their decision to exit the Nigerian market. The findings reveal that exchange rate volatility has a more significant negative impact on FDI inflows compared to inflation, which suggests that frequent and unpredictable fluctuations in the value of the Nigerian naira play a vital role in investors’ confidence and inform their decision-making. The study concludes with policy recommendations to stabilize Nigeria’s macroeconomic environment. These recommendations are targeted at creating an investor-friendly climate to retain existing investors and to attract foreign direct investments into the country ultimately contributing to the country’s economic growth and development.