bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A narrativa autobiográfica de infância: arrebatados pelos sentidos em L'Odeur du Café, de Dany Laferrière
Authors: Sobrinho Ataiena V. da L. Miguel
Published: December 2013

Neste artigo, abordamos uma autobiografia de infância, L’Odeur du café, de Dany Laferrière, escritor de língua francesa associado à dita literatura migrante. No primeiro item, discutimos considerações teóricas essenciais para se definir a narrativa autobiográfica de infância, tendo em vista a noção de história de vida e elementos pontuais da unidade biográfica e, em particular, das lembranças de infância. Em seguida, apresentamos o escritor Dany Laferrière e discorremos sobre o contexto de sua produção artística e cultural, caracterizada por uma poética híbrida escrita numa língua francesa reinventada. Por fim, apresentamos especificidades de L’Odeur du café, tais como a predominância do tempo presente, fato inabitual na narrativa em língua francesa, o recurso de uma retórica da sinceridade, traços da língua crioula e, principalmente, associações do livro com elementos da estética da pintura naïf.
Um caleidoscópio de leituras: o status genérico de A la Recherche du Temps Perdu
Authors: Murad Samira
Published: December 2013

O artigo sublinha algumas das características que possibilitam a leitura autobiográfica do texto de A la recherche du temps perdu — fato que realmente ocorreu na história da recepção do texto — para mostrar como o flerte de Proust com o gênero autobiográfico está ligado a certos efeitos de leitura propostos pelo texto.
Este mundo de miséria e sol: a narrativa autobiográfica e a relação com o real na obra de Albert Camus
Authors: Geske Samara Fernanda A. O. de Lócio e Silva
Published: December 2013

A partir de uma análise do romance inacabado Le Premier Homme, este artigo pretende discutir a relevância da narrativa de cunho autobiográfico na obra de Camus e as tensões que o real cria com o ficcional. No romance, as lembranças de infância são o ponto de partida para a autobiografia ao mesmo tempo em que se coloca a serviço de uma estética: este mundo de miséria e sol torna-se agora o mundo da criação.
Doutes, erreurs, surprises, implications: entretien avec Philippe Lejeune
Authors: Coelho Ana Amélia anameliacoelho@gmail.com , Pino Claudia Consuelo Amigo , Padilha Josias , Tommaso Mario , Gama Mônica , Murad Samira
Published: December 2013

sem resumo
A escrita de si em Só de António Nobre
Authors: Picosque Tatiana Aparecida
Published: December 2013

Este artigo pretende estudar a escrita de si na poética de António Nobre (1867-1900), analisando versos de seu livro mais conhecido, intitulado Só. Para a sua abordagem, escolhemos alguns dos profícuos momentos em que o autor entrelaça obra e biografia, o que, por sua vez, contribuiu para a construção de um efeito poético singular no cenário literário do fim do século XIX.
El blog de Ferréz: En búsqueda de la literatura
Authors: Tennina Lucía
Published: December 2013

El artículo consiste en un análisis de una discusión que se dio en el blogspot de Ferréz a partir de la publicación de un cuento llamado “Pensamentos de una correria”. Tiene como objetivo centrar la atención en los pactos de lectura que se generan respecto de los textos producidos en la periferia en relación con los diferentes contextos en los que se publican (el periódico, el blogspot, el libro). La reflexión se desplaza también hacia el concepto de ficción y de escritor que este tipo de escrituras construye en cada caso.
O gênero autobiografia e a ascensão da mulher afro-americana em I know why the caged bird sings
Authors: Nunes Raquel D'Eboux Couto
Published: December 2013

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir o gênero autobiográfico, como expressão da mulher afro-americana, na obra I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, de Maya Angelou, publicada em 1969. Apresentam-se aqui algumas perspectivas de leitura da obra, tais como agenciamento feminino e violência, bem como aspectos relacionados à complexidade do gênero autobiográfico devido a seu caráter fronteiriço entre fato e ficção, o pessoal e o político, entre outros
Misantrópolis – 4 poemas por assim dizer
Authors: Machado Isadora
Published: December 2013

Sem resumo.
Concedamos a liberdade de traçar: brincando de escrever um Dicionário de perfeições inventadas na oficina de escrita
Authors: Lange Mariana de Bastiani
Published: December 2013

Este artigo visa desenvolver questões acerca da escrita, da infância e da educação, narrando a história da criação de um “dicionário de palavras inventadas”. Este dicionário foi criado por crianças que participavam de oficinas de escrita. Fundamentadas nas relações entre literatura e psicanálise, as oficinas de escrita foram desenvolvidas com diferentes grupos de crianças. A história do Dicionário de Perfeições Inventadas dialoga com os escritos de Manoel de Barros  e Roland Barthes.
A evidência da literatura
Authors: Murad Samira
Published: December 2013

Sem resumo.
Mythologies, edição ilustradíssima
Authors: Oliveira Priscila Pesce Lopes de
Published: December 2013

Resenha de edição especial de Mythologies, de Roland Barthes
Dicionário de ideias aceitas: projeto de tradução
Authors: Flaubert Gustave , Messias Carolina , Pino Claudia Amigo
Published: December 2013

Sem resumo
O deslocamento feminino no romance contemporâneo
Authors: Gomes Carlos Magno
Published: December 2013

Este artigo retoma a reflexão acerca da identidade de gênero nos romances de Lya Luft e Helena Parente Cunha por meio dos estudos de gênero. Parte-se de uma concepção feminista para a análise da paródia do deslocamento da mulher como uma forma de resistência ao patriarcado. Tal contestação é sugerida pela metáfora da morte da mãe tradicional na ficção dessas autoras. Metodologicamente, exploram-se conceitos de paródia, de Hutcheon, e de deslocamento de gênero, de Butler.
“Diadorim, meu amor” ou o Narciso Afogado: O mito do andrógino e ritos de passagem em Grande Sertão: Veredas
Authors: Ferreira Cláudia Falluh Balduino
Published: December 2013

O presente artigo estuda a forma como Diadorim – personagem de Grande Sertão: Veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa –, representa e vivifica o arquétipo da totalidade representado pelo Andrógino: entidade emblemática, contraditória e também harmônica, dupla e única, ao mesmo tempo coincidente e oposta. Para tal usaremos os conceitos e os desenvolvimentos deste mito, passando primeiro por uma elucidação dada tanto pela crítica literária de cunho psicológico, como pela história das religiões. Cônscios da extensão e da profundidade que tal tema implica, o estudo do personagem se fará relacionando-o aos ‘temas de iniciação ritual’ e à luz dos elementos metafísicos, esotéricos e simbólicos contidos no texto. Serão considerados principalmente os episódios específicos da morte e do velório do herói, após sangrenta batalha.
O Lobo da Estepe: uma escritura selvagem
Authors: Forster Gabrielle da Silva
Published: December 2013

Ao reconhecer que O lobo da estepe, de Hermann Hesse, é uma obra que se propõe a deslegitimar o senso comum e, consequentemente, a ampliar a percepção usual do leitor, o presente artigo visa mostrar que a possibilidade de fazê-lo não reside no efeito de estranhamento provocado pela trama, mas no arranjo estrutural da obra, na sua escritura selvagem, capaz de percorrer caminhos inabituais ao potencializar o embate entre visões de mundo, desmistificando assim a noção usual do que se considera o indomesticado no homem. Para isso, parte-se de duas concepções explícitas no romance: uma de sujeito e a outra de representação, com o intuito de mostrar que é na esteira destas noções que a obra se constrói e pode, a partir da elaboração estética destas ao longo de todo o texto, desestabilizar a compreensão trivial na abertura proposta pelo diálogo.
Mutações epistemológicas e o ensino da literatura: o advento do sujeito leitor
Authors: Rouxel Annie
Published: December 2013

O reconhecimento do sujeito leitor e de sua criatividade na elaboração do sentido foi acompanhado por importantes avanços teóricos com relação ao conhecimento dos leitores reais. Nosso interesse neste artigo é a leitura subjetiva, a forma pela qual os leitores investem-se no texto, reconfigurando-o de modo a transformá-lo em um “texto do leitor”. A identificação, a reficcionalização do texto e a interleitura, todos esses fenômenos intervêm na relação com o texto que se instaura durante a leitura, sendo compreendidos como formas equivalentes de implicação. O ensino da literatura tira partido desses saberes por meio da aceitação das leituras singulares, ponto de partida das interpretações, dando espaço à intersubjetividade na sala de aula, compreendida agora como comunidade interpretativa.
Clarice Lispector e Stéphane Mallarmé: a orquestração do rumor
Authors: Gonçalves Vinícius Pacheco
Published: December 2013

O presente artigo pretende calcular os contrastes da leitura da segunda versão, datada de 1887, do “Sonnet allégorique de lui-même”, de Stéphane Mallarmé, e do conto “O ovo e a galinha”, de Clarice Lispector. Interessa-nos explorar, no referido corpus, possíveis entre-tons nas leituras já consensuais do legado poético mallarmaico, desenhando na intersecção que os textos em questão conformam uma outra possibilidade de enfrentamento do literário: a de espaço sem lugar, nômade, ou seja, sem contas a pagar aos discursos positivos que configuram objetos estáveis no campo de nossa visão cotidiana. Em suma: flagrar os modos de existência, no espaço artístico da literatura, que a ficcionista brasileira e o poeta francês instauram entre a premência sensata da fala sólida e a potência escura do silêncio. Numa palavra: como ambos habitam esse lusco-fusco; como ambos orquestram o rumor de que suas obras são feitas.
Leitura Literária: provocações para pensar o contexto escolar
Authors: Cruvinel Maria de Fátima
Published: December 2013

Mediante a compreensão de que ler é construir sentidos e de que a leitura é uma prática com forte influência na constituição da subjetividade, o presente artigo propõe-se a mobilizar algumas concepções de leitura e refletir sobre a natureza do texto literário, formulando provocações para a reflexão sobre a prática leitora e formadora da literatura na escola.
O leitor e as mudanças no processo de significação: uma análise de A Rainha dos Cárceres da Grécia, de Osman Lins
Authors: Damasceno Carolina Duarte
Published: December 2013

Este artigo tem como propósito refletir sobre o papel do leitor no processo de significação do texto ficcional em A Rainha dos Cárceres da Grécia, de Osman Lins. A partir dos bastidores da interpretação proposta pelo narrador ao romance homônimo de sua falecida amante, será mostrado como, à medida que a busca pela intencionalidade autoral sai de cena, evidencia-se o caráter criativo da leitura literária.
Sobre o Conceito do Rosto do Filho de Deus: A Inexplicabilidade de Uma Perda Sem Nome
Authors: Montagner Alessandra
Published: December 2013

O presente artigo visa revisitar a experiência vivenciada pela autora enquanto espectadora de Sobre o Conceito do Rosto do Filho de Deus, da companhia teatral italiana Socìetas Raffaello Sanzio. A autora descreve, detalhadamente, os momentos e sentimentos que compuseram aquela experiência, e utiliza-se de aspectos da teoria teatral contemporânea para criticamente analisar, e embasar, o desconforto e frustração experenciados por ela.
Dança, Circo e Risco: Diálogos na Cena Contemporânea
Authors: Peixoto Bianca Simões
Published: December 2013

Este artigo aborda questões sobre o processo de hibridização que vem ocorrendo entre os campos artísticos da dança e do circo na cena contemporânea, apoiando-se, principalmente, em estudos realizados nas áreas da Teoria Geral dos Sistemas, Teoria do Corpomídia e do Hibridismo Cultural. O recorte investigativo de tal fenômeno se dá a partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de entrevistas realizadas com integrantes/fundadores da Companhia Picolino de Artes do Circo (BA) e a Cia Dani Lima (RJ), de dança. Propõe-se que a aproximação entre as duas áreas pode ser entendida como uma solução adaptativa, que vem permitindo a continuidade de suas atividades frente às intensas mudanças socioculturais da atualidade, transformando irreversivelmente os seus campos.
A Novel Mouse Model of Aortic Valve Stenosis Induced by Direct Wire Injury
Authors: Honda Shintaro , Miyamoto Takuya , Watanabe Tetsu , Narumi Taro , Kadowaki Shinpei , Honda Yuki , Otaki Yoichiro , Hasegawa Hiromasa , Netsu Shunsuke , Funayama Akira , Ishino Mitsunori , Nishiyama Satoshi , Takahashi Hiroki , Arimoto Takanori , Shishido Tetsuro , Miyashita Takehiko , Kubota Isao
Published: December 2013

Objective—

The response-to-tissue-injury theory is currently the favorite paradigm to investigate valve pathology. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no in vivo valve injury models. There are few calcific aortic valve stenosis (AVS) models that develop hemodynamically significant stenosis. Here, we investigated the effect of direct mechanical injury on aortic valves in vivo and developed a novel mouse model of calcific AVS.

Approach and Results—

Aortic valve injury was created by inserting and moving a spring guidewire under echocardiographic guidance into the left ventricle of male C57/BL6 mice via right common carotid artery. Serial echocardiographic measurements revealed that aortic velocity was increased 1 week after injury and persistently increased until 16 weeks after injury. AVS mice showed a higher heart weight/body weight ratio and decreased left ventricular fractioning shortening 4 weeks after injury, compared with sham mice. We found remarkable proliferation of valve leaflets 4 weeks after injury. Proliferative valves showed increased production of reactive oxygen species and expression of inflammatory cytokines and osteochondrogenic factors. Alizarin red staining showed valvular calcification 12 weeks after injury.

Conclusions—

We report a novel calcific AVS model to support the response-to-tissue-injury theory. This model may be a valuable tool for analyzing the mechanism of AVS and assessing therapeutic options.
Activation of Liver X Receptor Decreases Atherosclerosis in
Ldlr

−/−

Mice in the Absence of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters A1 and G1 in Myeloid Cells
Authors: Kappus Mojdeh S. , Murphy Andrew J. , Abramowicz Sandra , Ntonga Vusisizwe , Welch Carrie L. , Tall Alan R. , Westerterp Marit
Published: December 2013

Objective—

Liver X receptor (LXR) activators decrease atherosclerosis in mice. LXR activators (1) directly upregulate genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport and (2) exert anti-inflammatory effects mediated by transrepression of nuclear factor-κB target genes. We investigated whether myeloid cell deficiency of ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ABCA1/G1), principal targets of LXR that promote macrophage cholesterol efflux and initiate reverse cholesterol transport, would abolish the beneficial effects of LXR activation on atherosclerosis.

Approach and Results—

LXR activator T0901317 substantially reduced inflammatory gene expression in macrophages lacking ABCA1/G1.
Ldlr

−/−

mice were transplanted with
Abca1

−/−

Abcg1

−/−

or wild-type bone marrow (BM) and fed a Western-type diet for 6 weeks with or without T0901317 supplementation.
Abca1/g1
BM deficiency increased atherosclerotic lesion complexity and inflammatory cell infiltration into the adventitia and myocardium. T0901317 markedly decreased lesion area, complexity, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the
Abca1

−/−

Abcg1

−/−

BM–transplanted mice. To investigate whether this was because of macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficiency,
Ldlr

−/−

mice were transplanted with
LysmCreAbca1

fl/fl

Abcg1

fl/fl

or
Abca1

fl/fl

Abcg1

fl/fl

BM and fed Western-type diet with or without the more specific LXR agonist GW3965 for 12 weeks. GW3965 decreased lesion size in both groups, and the decrease was more prominent in the
LysmCreAbca1

fl/fl

Abcg1

fl/fl

group.

Conclusions—

The results suggest that anti-inflammatory effects of LXR activators are of key importance to their antiatherosclerotic effects in vivo independent of cholesterol efflux pathways mediated by macrophage ABCA1/G1. This has implications for the development of LXR activators that lack adverse effects on lipogenic genes while maintaining the ability to transrepress inflammatory genes.
Interleukin-23 Deficiency Leads to Impaired Wound Healing and Adverse Prognosis After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Savvatis Konstantinos , Pappritz Kathleen , Becher Peter Moritz , Lindner Diana , Zietsch Christin , Volk Hans-Dieter , Westermann Dirk , Schultheiss Heinz-Peter , Tschöpe Carsten
Published: December 2013

Background—

CD4+ cells are implicated in the healing process after myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to investigate the role of interleukin-23 (IL-23) deficiency, a cytokine important in differentiation of CD4+ cells, in scar formation of the ischemic heart.

Methods and Results—

MI was performed in wild-type and IL23p19−/− mice. Thirty-day mortality, hemodynamic function 4 days after MI and myocardial inflammation, and remodeling 4 and 30 days after MI were examined. Differentiation of fibroblasts from infarcted and noninfarcted hearts into myofibroblasts was examined under basal conditions and after stimulation with interferon-γ, IL-17α and IL-23. Interleukin-23p19−/− mice showed higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration in the scar early after MI compared with wild-type mice. A stronger interferon-γ/Th1 reaction seemed to be responsible for the increased inflammation under IL-23 deficiency. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I and III was significantly higher in the heart tissue and isolated cardiac fibroblasts 4 days after MI in the wild-type mice. Interleukin-23p19−/− mice showed impaired healing compared with wild-type mice, as seen by significantly higher mortality because of ventricular rupture (40% higher after 30 days) and stronger left ventricular dilation early after MI. Stimulation of cardiac fibroblasts with interferon-γ, the main Th1 cytokine, but not with IL-23 or IL-17α, led to a significant downregulation of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I and III and decreased migration and differentiation to myofibroblasts.

Conclusions—

IL-23 deficiency leads to increased myocardial inflammation and decreased cardiac fibroblast activation, associated with impaired scar formation and adverse remodeling after MI.
Congenic Fine-Mapping Identifies a Major Causal Locus for Variation in the Native Collateral Circulation and Ischemic Injury in Brain and Lower Extremity
Authors: Sealock Robert , Zhang Hua , Lucitti Jennifer L. , Moore Scott M. , Faber James E.
Published: December 2013

Rationale
:

Severity of tissue injury in occlusive disease is dependent on the extent (number and diameter) of collateral vessels, which varies widely among healthy mice and humans. However, the causative genetic elements are unknown. Recently, much of the variation among different mouse strains, including C57Bl/6J (B6, high extent) and BALB/cByJ (Bc, low extent), was linked to a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 7 (
Candq1
).

Objective
:

We used congenic mapping to refine
Candq1
and its candidate genes to create an isogenic strain set with large differences in collateral extent to assess their impact and the impact of
Candq1
, alone, on ischemic injury.

Methods and Results
:

Six congenic strains possessing portions of
Candq1
introgressed from B6 into Bc were generated and phenotyped.
Candq1
was refined from 27 to 0.737 Mb with full retention of effect, that is, return or rescue of phenotypes from the poor values in Bc to nearly those of wild-type B6 in the B6/B6 congenic mice as follows: 83% rescue of low pial collateral extent and 4.5-fold increase in blood flow and 85% reduction of infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion; 54% rescue of low skeletal muscle collaterals and augmented recovery of perfusion (83%) and function after femoral artery ligation. Gene deletion and in silico analysis further delineated the candidate genes.

Conclusions
:

We have significantly refined
Candq1
(now designated determinant of collateral extent 1;
Dce1
), demonstrated that genetic background–dependent variation in collaterals is a major factor underlying differences in ischemic tissue injury, and generated a congenic strain set with wide allele dose–dependent variation in collateral extent for use in investigations of the collateral circulation.
Mechanical Dyssynchrony Precedes QRS Widening in ATP‐Sensitive K
+
Channel–Deficient Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yamada Satsuki , Arrell D. Kent , Kane Garvan C. , Nelson Timothy J. , Perez‐Terzic Carmen M. , Behfar Atta , Purushothaman Saranya , Prinzen Frits W. , Auricchio Angelo , Terzic Andre
Published: December 2013

Background

Contractile discordance exacerbates cardiac dysfunction, aggravating heart failure outcome. Dissecting the genesis of mechanical dyssynchrony would enable an early diagnosis before advanced disease.

Methods and Results

High‐resolution speckle‐tracking echocardiography was applied in a knockout murine surrogate of adult‐onset human cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in cardioprotective ATP‐sensitive K
+
(K
ATP
) channels. Preceding the established criteria of cardiac dyssynchrony, multiparametric speckle‐based strain resolved nascent erosion of dysfunctional regions within cardiomyopathic ventricles of the K
ATP
channel–null mutant exposed to hemodynamic stress. Not observed in wild‐type counterparts, intraventricular disparity in wall motion, validated by the degree, direction, and delay of myocardial speckle patterns, unmasked the disease substrate from asymptomatic to overt heart failure. Mechanical dyssynchrony preceded widening of the
QRS
complex and exercise intolerance and progressed into global myocardial discoordination and decompensated cardiac pump function, precipitating a low output syndrome.

Conclusions

The present study, with the use of high‐resolution imaging, prospectively resolved the origin and extent of intraventricular motion disparity in a K
ATP
channel–knockout model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Mechanical dyssynchrony established as an early marker of cardiomyopathic disease offers novel insight into the pathodynamics of dyssynchronous heart failure.
Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictors of Very Early Neurological Response to Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients With Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Authors: Apoil Marion , Turc Guillaume , Tisserand Marie , Calvet David , Naggara Olivier , Domigo Valérie , Baron Jean‐Claude , Oppenheim Catherine , Touzé Emmanuel
Published: December 2013

Background

The early identification of patients who are unlikely to respond to intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (
IV
‐
tPA
) could help select candidates for additional intra‐arterial therapy or add‐on antithrombotic drugs during the acute stage of stroke. Given that very early neurological improvement (
VENI
) is a reliable surrogate of early recanalization, we assessed the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging predictors of lack of
VENI
.

Methods and Results

We reviewed consecutive ischemic stroke patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated within 4.5 hours by
IV
‐
tPA
between 2003 and 2012 in our center, where magnetic resonance imaging is systematically implemented as first‐line diagnostic workup. Lack of
VENI
was defined as a <40% decrease in baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (
NIHSS
) score 1 hour after start of
IV
‐
tPA
. Poor outcome was defined as a 3‐month modified
R
ankin scale ≥2. Associations between lack of
VENI
and potential determinants were assessed in logistic regression models. In all, 186 patients were included (median baseline
NIHSS
score, 16; median onset to treatment time, 155 minutes). One hundred forty‐three patients (77%) had no
VENI
. The variables significantly associated with lack of
VENI
in multivariable analysis were baseline
NIHSS
(
OR
, 1.08; 95%
CI
, 1.01 to 1.16 per 1‐point increase;
P
=0.03), onset to treatment time >120 minutes (
OR
, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.31 to 6.63;
P
=0.009) and diffusion weighted imaging—Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score ≤5 (
OR
, 3.60; 95%
CI
, 1.14 to 11.35;
P
=0.03). Patients without
VENI
were more likely to have a modified Rankin Scale ≥2 than those without
VENI
(68% versus 24%;
OR
, 5.01; 95%
CI
, 2.12 to 11.82) and less likely to have recanalization after 24 hours (
OR
, 0.41; 95%
CI
, 0.19 to 0.88).

Conclusions

Lack of
VENI
provides an early estimate of 3‐month outcome and recanalization after
IV
‐
tPA
. Baseline
NIHSS
, onset to treatment time, and diffusion weighted imaging—Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score could help to predict lack of
VENI
and, in turn, might help early selection of candidates for complementary reperfusion strategies.
A Plasma Long‐Chain Acylcarnitine Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality in Incident Dialysis Patients
Authors: Kalim Sahir , Clish Clary B. , Wenger Julia , Elmariah Sammy , Yeh Robert W. , Deferio Joseph J. , Pierce Kerry , Deik Amy , Gerszten Robert E. , Thadhani Ravi , Rhee Eugene P.
Published: December 2013

Background

The marked excess in cardiovascular mortality that results from uremia remains poorly understood.

Methods and Results

In 2 independent, nested case‐control studies, we applied liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry‐based metabolite profiling to plasma obtained from participants of a large cohort of incident hemodialysis patients. First, 100 individuals who died of a cardiovascular cause within 1 year of initiating hemodialysis (cases) were randomly selected along with 100 individuals who survived for at least 1 year (controls), matched for age, sex, and race. Four highly intercorrelated long‐chain acylcarnitines achieved the significance threshold adjusted for multiple testing (
P
<0.0003). Oleoylcarnitine, the long‐chain acylcarnitine with the strongest association with cardiovascular mortality in unadjusted analysis, remained associated with 1‐year cardiovascular death after multivariable adjustment (odds ratio per
SD
2.3 [95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 3.8];
P
=0.001). The association between oleoylcarnitine and 1‐year cardiovascular death was then replicated in an independent sample (n=300, odds ratio per
SD
1.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 1.9];
P
=0.008). Addition of oleoylcarnitine to clinical variables improved cardiovascular risk prediction using net reclassification (
NRI
, 0.38 [95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.56];
P
<0.0001). In physiologic profiling studies, we demonstrate that the fold change in plasma acylcarnitine levels from the aorta to renal vein and from pre‐ to post hemodialysis samples exclude renal or dialytic clearance of long‐chain acylcarnitines as confounders in our analysis.

Conclusions

Our data highlight clinically meaningful alterations in acylcarnitine homeostasis at the time of dialysis initiation, which may represent an early marker, effector, or both of uremic cardiovascular risk.
World synopsis of described species of the genus Platypygus Loew (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae: Platypyginae)
Authors: GHARALI BABAK , EVENHUIS NEAL L. , ALMEIDA JORGE
Published: December 2013

The taxonomy of the genus Platypygus Loew is summarized, previously described species are reviewed based on examination of types, and a key to known species of the genus worldwide is presented. All previously described species are diagnosed and illustrated. The male genitalia of P. ridibundus (Costa) and female genitalia of P. americanus Melander are described for the first time. Some characters supporting the monophyly of the genus Platypygus are discussed and the Nearctic Cyrtisiopsis americanus (Melander) is restored to its original combination as Platypygus americanus. The type status of Platypygus bellus Loew, P. lativentris Loew, P. pumilio Loew, and P. turkmenorum Paramonov is clarified and a lectotype is selected for Platypygus kurdorum Paramonov and P. tauricus Paramonov. New country records are given for the following species: P. bellus (Greece); P. chrysanthemi (Israel, Jordan); P. kurdorum (Israel, Jordan, Syria); P. limatus (Nepal, Thailand); P. pumilio (Greece, Turkmenistan); P. ridibundus (Cyprus, Israel, Portugal), P. titanomedea (Jordan, Turkey).
Dynamic and Thermodynamic Predictors of Vertical Structure in Radar-Observed Regional Precipitation
Authors: Rudolph James V. , Friedrich Katja
Published: December 2013

Radar-observed vertical structure of precipitation as defined by contoured frequency by altitude diagrams (CFADs) is related to dynamic and thermodynamic environmental parameters. CFADs from 559 storms occurring over the years 2004–11 in the vicinity of Locarno, Switzerland, combined with Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) data show that the radar-observed vertical structure of precipitation correlates with synoptic pattern (as defined by 1000- and 500-hPa geopotential heights), integrated water vapor flux, atmospheric stability, and vertical profiles of temperature, moisture, and wind. Following the analysis of vertical structure and environmental parameters, a generalized linear model (GLM) is developed for radar-observed vertical structure as a function of data from ERA-Interim. The GLM provides expected values for the vertical extent and magnitude of radar reflectivity and predicts storm vertical structure type with 79% overall accuracy. The relationships found between environmental parameters and storm vertical structure underscore the importance of including both dynamic and thermodynamic variables when evaluating climate change effects on precipitation. In addition, the ability of the GLM to reproduce storm types shows the potential for using GLMs as a link between lower-resolution global model data and high-resolution precipitation observations.
Unit-sphere multiaxial stochastic-strength model applied to a composite material
Authors: Nemeth Noel N
Published: December 2013

The Batdorf “unit-sphere” methodology has been extended to predict the multiaxial stochastic strength response of anisotropic (specifically transversely isotropic) brittle materials, including polymer matrix composites, by considering (1) nonrandom orientation of intrinsic flaws and (2) critical strength or fracture toughness changing with flaw orientation relative to the material microstructure. The equations developed to characterize these properties are general and can model tightly defined or more diffuse material anisotropy textures describing flaw populations. In this paper, results from finite element analysis of a fiber-reinforced matrix unit cell were used with the unit-sphere model to predict the biaxial strength response of a unidirectional polymer matrix composite previously reported from the World-Wide Failure Exercise. Findings regarding stress–state interactions, thermal residual stresses, and failure modes are also provided. The unit-sphere methodology is an attempt to provide an improved mechanistic basis to the problem of predicting strength response of an anisotropic and composite material under multiaxial loading as compared to polynomial interaction equation formulations. The methodology includes consideration of strength scatter to predict material probability of failure, shear sensitivity of flaws, and accounting for multiple failure modes regarding overall failure response.
Damping acoustic properties of reclaimed rubber/seven-hole hollow polyester fibers composite materials
Authors: Zhou Xiaoou , Jang Sheng , Yan Xiong , Liu Xueting , Li Li
Published: December 2013

A series of thin, low-cost and environment-friendly elastomeric composites consisting of reclaimed rubber, which is a waste product of roller processing of textile mill and seven-hole hollow polyester fibers, were fabricated. In this study, the damping property of the reclaimed rubber composites was tested in the dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer, the sound absorption property was investigated using the impedance tube method, the morphology was characterized by scanning electron micrographs and the mechanical property was measured by strength tester. The study concluded that reclaimed rubber/seven-hole hollow polyester fibers elastomeric composites exhibited an exceptional damping performance with a broad temperature range, and that acoustical absorption of materials increased significantly with increasing seven-hole hollow polyester fibers content. Meanwhile, reclaimed rubber/seven-hole hollow polyester fibers demonstrated an acoustic property of 1 mm thickness and a mass ratio of 100/25, giving a sound absorption coefficient peak, 0.407 at 2500 Hz. The analysis also revealed that the mechanical properties of the composites improved significantly with the increase of fibers. As an acoustical absorption material with high damping performance and a broad temperature range, reclaimed rubber/seven-hole hollow polyester fibers composites have potential applications in fields of engineering.
Numerical modeling and experimental study of heat transfer in ceramic fiberboard
Authors: Zhang Ru Ji, Zuotai , Liu Lili , Wang Xidong
Published: December 2013

Ceramic fiber products form a class of excellent refractory insulation materials. The increasing usage of fibrous materials has given further impetus for research into their heat transfer characteristics. In order to obtain more accurate estimations of effective thermal conductivity, this paper proposes a numerical model with a random structure to estimate the effective thermal conductivity of ceramic fiberboard under various bulk densities and temperatures. The present model is able to sort out individual contributions of conduction and radiation heat transfer mechanisms in these materials. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with measured values obtained by a guarded hot plate (GHP) apparatus, indicating that the adopted modeling approach can be extended to other insulation systems.
Effect of curing temperature on the performance of microencapsulated low melting point paraffin using urea-formaldehyde resin as a shell
Authors: Xin Changzheng , Tian Yincai , Wang Yanwei , Huang Xiang’an
Published: December 2013

Microencapsulated phase change materials (MicroPCMs) containing paraffin with low melting temperature were prepared by in situ polymerization using urea-formaldehyde resin as shell material. The curing stage was very crucial in determining the properties of the MicroPCMs. The effects of curing temperature on thermal properties, diameter distributions and surface morphology were systematically investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry analysis, a mean particle size distribution meter and scanning electronic microscopy. The obtained results indicate that the optimum curing temperature is 65℃. Under this condition, the paraffin mass content of MicroPCMs is 52.8%, and the enthalpy of MicroPCMs containing paraffin of 52.8% is 74.2 J/g. In addition, the mean volume particle diameter of MicroPCMs is 4.57 µm with particle size distribution of 0.37. The thermal resistant temperature of MicroPCMs is 220℃. Based on the results, it can be considered that MicroPCMs prepared at a curing temperature of 65℃ have good energy storage potential and temperature resistance. Therefore, they can be used to produce nonwoven materials by melt-blow.
Pilling properties of wool single jersey made of compact and conventional ring yarns after anti-felting treatment
Authors: Wan A , Yu W , Jiang G
Published: December 2013

This work studied the differences between wool single jersey made from compact and conventional ring-spun yarns composed of surface-modified fibers with different anti-felting treatments. Wool yarns (100%), produced from the fibers modified by two commercial chemical treatments, Basolan®88 and Kroy-resin, were spun according to compact and conventional ring-spinning systems in two different twist factors of spun yarn. The surface morphology and physical properties of wool fibers and conventional and compact ring yarns and the pilling properties of these fabrics were examined and compared with each other before and after the chemical treatment. The breaking strength of modified fibers decreased if compared with the control. Results indicated that the surface morphology of wool fiber changed by Basolan®88 and Kroy-resin treatment, and a lower friction coefficient increased with the differential frictional effect value. The hairiness index ( S3) of compact yarn was a reduction by 60% and the strength and elongation percentages were higher compared with conventional ring yarn. The fiber packing density of compact yarn was 30% higher from the fiber distribution pattern in the yarn cross-section. Another important finding was that the fabric produced with compact yarn showed better anti-pilling property and more mass loss.
Diagnosis of filariasis on cytology: a series of 24 cases
Authors: Handa Uma , Kundu Reetu , Singhal Niti , Mohan Harsh
Published: December 2013

Filariasis has a worldwide distribution, with a special predilection for tropical and subtropical areas. The microfilaria wanders in lymphatics and can be accidentally trapped in the needle during fine-needle aspiration cytology, thus leading to its incidental detection. This is a retrospective study of 24 cases of microfilarial infestation diagnosed on cytology. Accurate recognition and detection of the parasite leads to the institution of specific treatment and prevents chronic manifestations of the disease.
Polyurethane elastomers-based modified castor oil and poly(ε-caprolactone) for surface-coating applications
Authors: Valero Manuel F , Ortegón Yamileth
Published: December 2013

Polyurethanes (Pus) were synthesized from castor oil and modified through transesterification by pentaerythritol, poly(ε-caprolactone)diol (PCL), and isophorone diisocyanate to form PU coatings. The ratio of NCO/OH groups used was 1:1. The effect of varying the PCL content on the physical properties of wood panel PU coatings was determined. The PU coatings were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis, and the physicochemical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation at the break, shore A hardness, and the results of a lap shear test, were reported. Thermal properties of the PU coatings were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. In vitro PU degradation was related to the hard segment structure and polymer hydrophilicity.
Pseudo-feed-forward decoupling internal model control for singularity plants with time delays
Authors: Jin QB , Jiang BY
Published: December 2013

In view of a kind of singularity plants with time delays, a new decoupling internal model control method is first proposed based on pseudo-feed-forward decoupling in this paper, which opened up a new study direction for internal model control. A pseudo-feed-forward decoupling is first designed to decouple the system into an open-loop diagonal dominant system. Rather than performing complex and lengthy calculations, this decoupling method is much better for simplifying the design and calculation. Then the diagonal elements of the decoupled plant are used as an internal model to design a multi-loop internal model controller. The proposed method is also verified applicable for non-singular plants. In order to improve control precisions, the diagonal filter is designed with new Luus–Jaakola (NLJ) optimization algorithm. During the optimization process, the integral of absolute error is adopted as an evaluation index. Finally, two industrial processes are taken as the simulation objects to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the new method. Simulations results illustrate that the proposed strategy not only avoided complicated computations, but also achieved good trade-off between performance and robustness, even when the system model is mismatched.
Decisive Evidence on a Smaller-Than-You-Think Phenomenon
Authors: Sirota Miroslav , Juanchich Marie , Kostopoulou Olga , Hanak Robert
Published: December 2013

Accurate perception of medical probabilities communicated to patients is a cornerstone of informed decision making. People, however, are prone to biases in probability perception. Recently, Pighin and others extended the list of such biases with evidence that “1-in-X” ratios (e.g., “1 in 12”) led to greater perceived probability and worry about health outcomes than “N-in-X*N” ratios (e.g., “10 in 120”). Subsequently, the recommendation was to avoid using “1-in-X” ratios when communicating probabilistic information to patients. To warrant such a recommendation, we conducted 5 well-powered replications and synthesized the available data. We found that 3 out of the 5 replications yielded statistically nonsignificant findings. In addition, our results showed that the “1-in-X” effect was not moderated by numeracy, cognitive reflection, age, or gender. To quantify the evidence for the effect, we conducted a Bayes factor meta-analysis and a traditional meta-analysis of our 5 studies and those of Pighin and others (11 comparisons, N = 1131). The meta-analytical Bayes factor, which allowed assessment of the evidence for the null hypothesis, was very low, providing decisive evidence to support the existence of the “1-in-X” effect. The traditional meta-analysis showed that the overall effect was significant (Hedges’ g = 0.42, 95% CI 0.29–0.54). Overall, we provide decisive evidence for the existence of the “1-in-X” effect but suggest that it is smaller than previously estimated. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Prediction of the compression ratio for municipal solid waste using decision tree
Authors: Heshmati R Ali Akbar , Mokhtari Maryam , Shakiba Rad Saeed
Published: December 2013

The compression ratio of municipal solid waste (MSW) is an essential parameter for evaluation of waste settlement and landfill design. However, no appropriate model has been proposed to estimate the waste compression ratio so far. In this study, a decision tree method was utilized to predict the waste compression ratio (C’c). The tree was constructed using Quinlan’s M5 algorithm. A reliable database retrieved from the literature was used to develop a practical model that relates C’c to waste composition and properties, including dry density, dry weight water content, and percentage of biodegradable organic waste using the decision tree method. The performance of the developed model was examined in terms of different statistical criteria, including correlation coefficient, root mean squared error, mean absolute error and mean bias error, recommended by researchers. The obtained results demonstrate that the suggested model is able to evaluate the compression ratio of MSW effectively.
Phytochemical analysis, antibacterial, and antifungal assessment of aerial parts of Polygonatumverticillatum
Authors: Khan Haroon , Saeed Muhammad , Muhammad Naveed , Perviz Samreen
Published: December 2013

The current study was designed to assess the phytochemical profile, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of the crude methanol extract of the aerial parts of Polygonatum verticillatum (PA) and its various subsequent solvent fractions using agar well diffusion, agar tube dilution, and microdilution methods. Phytochemical analysis showed positive for different chemical groups and also contained marked quantity of saponin and flavonoid contents. Significant antibacterial activity was observed against various tested pathogenic bacteria. The only susceptible Gram-positive bacterium was Bacillus subtilis and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) measured ranged from 11–50 µg/ml. The sensitive Gram-negative bacteria were Salmonella typhi and Shigella flexeneri. The estimated MICs were in the range of 2–7 µg/ml and 8–50 µg/ml for S. typhi and S. flexeneri, respectively. However, the antifungal activity of the plant was limited to Microsporum canis and their MICs ranged from 60 to 250 µg/ml. Our study confirmed significant antibacterial potential of the plant and substantiated its folk use in dysentery and pyrexia of multiple origins.
Linear Growth of Children on a Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Nation Judy , Humphrey Maureen , MacKay Mark , Boneh Avihu
Published: December 2013

Ketogenic diet is a structured effective treatment for children with intractable epilepsy. Several reports have indicated poor linear growth in children on the diet but the mechanism of poor growth has not been elucidated. We aimed to explore whether the protein to energy ratio plays a role in linear growth of children on ketogenic diet. Data regarding growth and nutrition were, retrospectively, collected from the clinical histories of 35 children who were treated with ketogenic diet for at least 6 months between 2002 and 2010. Patients were stratified into groups according to periods of satisfactory or poor linear growth. Poor linear growth was associated with protein or caloric intake of <80% recommended daily intake, and with a protein-to-energy ratio consistently ≤1.4 g protein/100 kcal even when protein and caloric intakes were adequate. We recommend a protein-to-energy ratio of 1.5 g protein/100 kcal be prescribed to prevent growth retardation.
Severe Respiratory Dysrhythmia in Rett Syndrome Treated With Topiramate
Authors: Krajnc Natalija
Published: December 2013

Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests itself early in childhood, progresses with the evolution of characteristic clinical signs and symptoms and is confirmed by mutation in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene. Seizures are present in a majority of Rett patients. Respiratory dysrhythmia in the awake state is present in two-thirds of patients, leading in some cases to severe nonepileptic paroxysmal events. There are no optimal treatment recommendations thus far. The aim of this case study is to present the electro-clinical correlation of severe respiratory dysrhythmia mimicking seizures in 2 Rett patients and effective treatment with topiramate.
Legionella pneumophila and Pneumocystis jirovecii Coinfection in an Infant Treated With Adrenocorticotropic Hormone for Infantile Spasm
Authors: Musallam Nadira , Bamberger Ellen , Srugo Isaac , Dabbah Husein , Glikman Daniel , Zonis Zeev , Kessel Aharon , Genizi Jacob
Published: December 2013

We describe an 8-month-old infant with infantile spasms treated with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) who presented with fatal Legionella pneumophila and Pneumocystis jirovecii infection. Emphasis is placed on the ensuing immunosuppression and infectious sequelae of ACTH therapy. Given that ACTH therapy may increase the risk of fatal infection, patients undergoing such treatment should be closely monitored, with particular attention paid to the functioning of the immune system.
Gendered Homophobia and the Contradictions of Workplace Discrimination for Women in the Building Trades
Authors: Denissen Amy M. , Saguy Abigail C.
Published: December 2013

Drawing on 63 interviews with a diverse sample of tradeswomen, this article examines how the cultural meanings of sexual orientation—as well as gender presentation, race, and body size—shapes the constraints that women face in the construction industry and the specific resistance strategies they develop. We argue that women’s presence in these male-dominated jobs threatens (1) notions of the work as inherently masculine and (2) a gender order that presumes the sexual subordination of women. Tradesmen neutralize the first threat by labeling tradeswomen as lesbians—and therefore not “real” women—and respond to the second by sexualizing straight and lesbian tradeswomen alike. In turn, tradeswomen develop individual resistance strategies, which are shaped by the intersections of their sexual identity, gender presentation, race, and body size. Finally, we show how tradesmen deploy homophobia to stymie collective action and solidarity by tradeswomen, gay or straight.