bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noticias
Authors: Notícias Transfer
Published: January 2023

1) Congreso: Call for papers de la Universityof Maribor(Slovenia), 15-17 Oct. 2009 “International Symposium: Challenges of Translation Studies in a Globalized World”Dirección de contacto:ts.challenges2009@uni-mb.si Información: http://events.ff.uni-mb.si/tschallenges  2) Congreso: Encuentro Internacional de Traductores Literarios”: “Traducción y lenguas dominantes, minoritarias y minorizadas”, Ciudad de México (México), 1-3 April 2009.Información: encuentrodetraductores@yahoo.com.mx 3) Curso: Translation Research Summer School (Edinburgh), 15 - 26 junio 2009 Organiza: Translation Studies Graduate Programme, School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures,University of Edinburgh,Scotland.Información: Sharon Deane (S.L.Deane@sms.ed.ac.uk),   http://www.researchschool.org/ 4) Revista: Translation Volume III: Territorialities: The Place of Translation.Para el envío de artículos, contactar con: ucsbtranslation@gmail.com 5) Congreso: Call for papers del CIUTI FORUM, Ginebra (Suiza), 2 de junio de 2009 Conférence Internationale permanente d’Instituts Universitaires de Traducteurs et Interprètes (CIUTI): "Translating the Future: Beyond Today’s Academic and Professional Challenges" University of Geneva, UNI DUFOUR, Salle Piaget, June 2nd 2009.Inscripción gratuita y obligatoria (hasta el 20 de mayo de 2009): http://creator.zoho.com/ciuti/forum09/#Form:Registration Información: http://www.uni-leipzig.de/~ialt/ciuti/forum/2009/  6) Congreso: "Interpreting... Naturally", International Symposium on Interpreting Studies in Honour of Brian Harris, 10th International Conference on Translation, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de La Plana, 12-13 noviembre 2009.Abstracts: hasta el 1 de Julio de 2009.Dirección de contacto: María J. Blasco (blascom@trad.uji.es), Amparo Jiménez  (jimenez@trad.uji.es).  7) Congreso: Call for Papers de The Chinese University ofHong Kong, “The Teaching of Computer-aided Translation”, 29 agosto 2009.Información: Prof. Chan Sin-wai (sinwaichan@cuhk.edu.hk); Ms. Florence Li (florence@arts.cuhk.edu.hk); http://cat.tra.cuhk.edu.hk/MACATconference09  8) Curso: CETRA 2009 Doctoral Summer School, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Bélgica), 17 - 28 agosto 2009. CETRA Chair Professor: Martha CHEUNG (Hong KongBaptistUniversity)Información: Reine Meylaerts,  José Lambert: reine.meylaerts@arts.kuleuven.be, jose.lambert@arts.kuleuven.be  9)  Congreso: Call for papers para  "Retranslation," session especial de MLA 2009 (27-30 diciembre de 2009, Philadelphia). Contacto: Julie C. Hayes, University of Massachusetts Amherst, jhayes@llc.umass.edu
EL ERROR DE TRADUCCIÓN EN EL DOBLAJE: EL CASO DE LA PELÍCULA REINAS DE MANUEL GÓMEZ PEREIRA DOBLADA AL ITALIANO
Authors: Bianco Serena
Published: January 2023

El impacto tecnológico y el enorme valor social y cultural con los quecuenta el ámbito de la traducción audiovisual es el punto de partida deuna investigación sobre el doblaje, los problemas que este plantean y suserrores. De hecho, el avance tecnológico en el mundo de los medios decomunicación, junto con las exigencias cada vez mayores de losespectadores, abre una reflexión sobre esta modalidad de TAV y sucalidad en términos de imagen, sincronización y sobre todo esmerolingüístico.Después de una descripción general de las características y dificultadesque presenta el doblaje, la modalidad de TAV más usada en Europa juntocon la subtitulación, ilustraremos a través de un análisis crítico de laversión doblada al italiano de la película Reinas (2005), de Manuel GómezPereira, los obstáculos que pueden influir en la calidad final del producto,y los errores de traducción que surgen de estos. Demostraremos que lamayoría de ellos no representan verdaderos problemas, sino que son elresultado de la negligencia y la pereza por parte de los ajustadores, queintentan alcanzar un perfecto sincronismo labial sin tener en cuenta lasnecesidades de una comunicación real.
El PREMIO NACIONAL A LA OBRA DE UN TRADUCTOR Y EL PERFIL DE LOS PREMIADOS
Authors: Fernández Rodíguez Áurea
Published: January 2023

Una obra literaria que ha tenido la fortuna de ser premiada suele iracompañada de una mayor difusión internacional, y un autor o traductorpuede ver crecer su visibilidad y consideración social cuando tiene ladicha de ser distinguido por un prestigioso galardón. El propósito de estetrabajo consiste en analizar el impacto de uno de los premios másimportantes dentro del ámbito de la traducción en España, el “PremioNacional a la Obra de un Traductor”. Nos centraremos de manera muyespecial en la motivación del jurado y en el perfil de los traductores/rasgalardonados cuya obra ha sido consagrada por esta vía.
PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: Camps Assumpta
Published: January 2023

El número de TRANSFER que presentamos para el año 2018 cons-tituye un número especial dedicado a la traducción en ámbito latinoamericano, ya sea trate de los países de lengua española como de Brasil. Desde hace años me he ocupado de este tema en varias ocasiones, gracias los Convenios de colaboración universo-taria suscritos entre mi universidad y varios centros universitarios americanos, como la Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) en Brasil, la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) en Argentina, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) en dicho país, y más recientemente la UNILASALLE también de Brasil. Tales convenios han propiciado, como es habitual, colabo-raciones e intercambios de varia índole en el campo de la docencia y la dirección compartida de tesis doctorales, pero también han dado lugar a investigaciones conjuntas, que se han materializado en varios volúmenes colectivos (como, por ejemplo, Traducción, (sub)versión, transcreación, o Traducción y di-ferencia),1 y en cola-boraciones recurrentes de académicos de varios países latino-americanos en la revista TRANSFER, a lo largo de los últimos años, y desde su creación en mayo de 2006.
TRADUCCIÓN, "EVENTO DEPORTIVO INTERNACIONAL" Y RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES: UN ESTUDIO BEGRIFFSGESCHICHTE DE TRADUCCIONES CHINAS DE ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑΚΟΊ ΕΓΏΝΕΣ
Authors: Cheng Sinkwan
Published: January 2023

Este documento establece un diálogo crítico entre tres tipos deactividades transnacionales: la traducción, los Juegos Olímpicosy las relaciones internacionales. Las tres actividades involucranamicitia interestatal, donde el traduttore/traditore no se puededistinguir claramente, y donde la amistad/enemistad no sepueden separar fácilmente. El ensayo también busca arrojarnueva luz sobre las relaciones internacionales a través de losEstudios de Traducción, y demostrar cómo la políticainternacional se puede examinar como la "política de traducción"en acción.
INDISCIPLINABLE: EL LUGAR DE LA TRADUCTOLOGÍA EN LA HISTORIA DE LA INTERDISCIPLINARIEDAD EN LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS
Authors: Hawkins Spencer
Published: January 2023

La interdisciplinariedad en las universidades de EE. UU. se remonta, almenos, a finales del siglo XIX. Ya sea que los programasinterdisciplinarios tengan como objetivo incrementar la integracióncon las ciencias naturales o bien establecer una fuerza contraria a laautoridad intelectual de las ciencias, pensar a través de las diferenciaslingüísticas siempre ha estado en el corazón de las actividadesinterdisciplinarias en los Estados Unidos. A medida que los Estudiosde traducción cobran importancia en las instituciones de EE. UU., losdesafíos que plantea el hecho de equilibrar las preocupacionesteóricas y la capacitación técnica son una de las preocupaciones quesurgen en esta interdisciplina. Ávido teórico de la reforma universitaria, el filósofo William James proporciona un antídotocontra cualquier caricatura amortiguadora de la intraducibilidad detextos extranjeros con su noción del pensador "indisciplinable" querecurre perpetuamente a nuevas fuentes para superar viejos hábitosmentales, para lograr nuevas experiencias y para producir formas deexpresión más democráticas.
Deep learning-based fusion of widefield diffuse optical tomography and micro-CT structural priors for accurate 3D reconstructions
Authors: Nizam Navid Ibtehaj , Ochoa Marien , Smith Jason T. , Intes Xavier
Published: January 2023

Widefield illumination and detection strategies leveraging structured light have enabled fast and robust probing of tissue properties over large surface areas and volumes. However, when applied to diffuse optical tomography (DOT) applications, they still require a time-consuming and expert-centric solving of an ill-posed inverse problem. Deep learning (DL) models have been recently proposed to facilitate this challenging step. Herein, we expand on a previously reported deep neural network (DNN) -based architecture (modified AUTOMAP - ModAM) for accurate and fast reconstructions of the absorption coefficient in 3D DOT based on a structured light illumination and detection scheme. Furthermore, we evaluate the improved performances when incorporating a micro-CT structural prior in the DNN-based workflow, named Z-AUTOMAP. This Z-AUTOMAP significantly improves the widefield imaging process’s spatial resolution, especially in the transverse direction. The reported DL-based strategies are validated both in silico and in experimental phantom studies using spectral micro-CT priors. Overall, this is the first successful demonstration of micro-CT and DOT fusion using deep learning, greatly enhancing the prospect of rapid data-integration strategies, often demanded in challenging pre-clinical scenarios.
Diverse field-effect characteristics and negative differential transconductance in a graphene/WS2/Au phototransistor with a Ge back gate
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Wang Liming , Wang Bo , Yang Maolong , Lin Dongdong , Shao Jifang , Zhang Ningning , Jiang Zuimin , Liu Maliang , Hu Huiyong
Published: January 2023

We propose an infrared-sensitive negative differential transconductance (NDT) phototransistor based on a graphene/WS2/Au double junction with a SiO2/Ge gate. By changing the drain bias, diverse field-effect characteristics can be achieved. Typical p-type and n-type behavior is obtained under negative and positive drain bias, respectively. And NDT behavior is observed in the transfer curves under positive drain bias. It is believed to originate from competition between the top and bottom channel currents in stepped layers of WS2 at different gate voltages. Moreover, this phototransistor shows a gate-modulated rectification ratio of 0.03 to 88.3. In optoelectronic experiments, the phototransistor exhibits a responsivity of 2.76 A/W under visible light at 532 nm. By contrast, an interesting negative responsivity of −29.5 µA/W is obtained and the NDT vanishes under illumination by infrared light at 1550 nm. A complementary inverter based on two proposed devices of the same structure is constructed. The maximum voltage gain of the complementary inverter reaches 0.79 at a supply voltage of 1.5 V. These results demonstrate a new method of realizing next-generation two- and three-dimensional electronic and optoelectronic multifunctional devices.
Two statistical regimes in the transition to filamentation
Authors: Gomel A. , Gaulier G. , Eeltink D. , Brunetti M. , Kasparian J.
Published: January 2023

We experimentally investigate fluctuations in the spectrum of ultrashort laser pulses propagating in air, close to the critical power for filamentation. Increasing the laser peak power broadens the spectrum while the beam approaches the filamentation regime. We identify two regimes for this transition: In the center of the spectrum, the output spectral intensity increases continuously. In contrast, on the edges of the spectrum the transition implies a bimodal probability distribution function for intermediate incident pulse energies, where a high-intensity mode appears and grows at the expense of the original low-intensity mode. We argue that this dual behavior prevents the definition of a univoquial threshold for filamentation, shedding a new light on the long-standing lack of explicit definition of the boundary of the filamentation regime.
Chiral crystallization manipulated by orbital angular momentum of light
Authors: Toyoda Kohei , Su Hao-Tse , Miyamoto Katsuhiko , Sugiyama Teruki , Omatsu Takashige
Published: January 2023

We present what we believe to be the demonstration of optical vortex trapping and chiral crystallization of sodium chlorate (NaClO3). In this work, the chirality of NaClO3 crystals is selectively controlled by altering the helicity (helical direction of the wavefront) of an irradiating optical vortex laser beam. A high crystal enantiomeric excess of 57% is achieved. These results demonstrate that the orbital angular momentum of an irradiating optical vortex laser beam twists the crystal during its polymorphic transition from a metastable achiral crystal to a stable chiral crystal. This work will offer fundamental insights into the dynamics and mechanism of enantioselective control in chiral crystallization and the origin of homochirality.
FMRP activity and control of Csw/SHP2 translation regulate MAPK-dependent synaptic transmission
Authors: Leahy Shannon N. , Song Chunzhu , Vita Dominic J. , Broadie Kendal
Published: January 2023

Noonan syndrome (NS) and NS with multiple lentigines (NSML) cognitive dysfunction are linked to SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) gain-of-function (GoF) and loss-of-function (LoF), respectively. InDrosophiladisease models, we find both SHP2 mutations from human patients andcorkscrew(csw) homolog LoF/GoF elevate glutamatergic transmission. Cell-targeted RNAi and neurotransmitter release analyses reveal a presynaptic requirement. Consistently, all mutants exhibit reduced synaptic depression during high-frequency stimulation. Both LoF and GoF mutants also show impaired synaptic plasticity, including reduced facilitation, augmentation, and post-tetanic potentiation. NS/NSML diseases are characterized by elevated MAPK/ERK signaling, and drugs suppressing this signaling restore normal neurotransmission in mutants. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is likewise characterized by elevated MAPK/ERK signaling. Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) bindscswmRNA and neuronal Csw protein is elevated inDrosophila fragile X mental retardation 1(dfmr1) nulls. Moreover, phosphorylated ERK (pERK) is increased indfmr1andcswnull presynaptic boutons. We find presynaptic pERK activation in response to stimulation is reduced indfmr1andcswnulls.Trans-heterozygouscsw/+;dfmr1/+ recapitulate elevated presynaptic pERK activation and function, showing FMRP and Csw/SHP2 act within the same signaling pathway. Thus, a FMRP and SHP2 MAPK/ERK regulative mechanism controls basal and activity-dependent neurotransmission strength.
Wearable sensor-based performance status assessment in cancer: A pilot multicenter study from the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (A19_Pilot2)
Authors: Wood William A. , Dilip Deepika , Derkach Andriy , Grover Natalie S. , Elemento Olivier , Levine Ross , Thanarajasingam Gita , Batsis John A. , Bailey Charlotte , Kannappan Arun , Devine Steven M. , Artz Andrew S. , Ligibel Jennifer A. , Basch Ethan , Kent Erin , Glass Jacob
Published: January 2023

Clinical performance status is designed to be a measure of overall health, reflecting a patient’s physiological reserve and ability to tolerate various forms of therapy. Currently, it is measured by a combination of subjective clinician assessment and patient-reported exercise tolerance in the context of daily living activities. In this study, we assess the feasibility of combining objective data sources and patient-generated health data (PGHD) to improve the accuracy of performance status assessment during routine cancer care. Patients undergoing routine chemotherapy for solid tumors, routine chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies, or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) at one of four sites in a cancer clinical trials cooperative group were consented to a six-week prospective observational clinical trial (NCT02786628). Baseline data acquisition included cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and a six-minute walk test (6MWT). Weekly PGHD included patient-reported physical function and symptom burden. Continuous data capture included use of a Fitbit Charge HR (sensor). Baseline CPET and 6MWT could only be obtained in 68% of study patients, suggesting low feasibility during routine cancer treatment. In contrast, 84% of patients had usable fitness tracker data, 93% completed baseline patient-reported surveys, and overall, 73% of patients had overlapping sensor and survey data that could be used for modeling. A linear model with repeated measures was constructed to predict the patient-reported physical function. Sensor-derived daily activity, sensor-derived median heart rate, and patient-reported symptom burden emerged as strong predictors of physical function (marginal R2 0.429–0.433, conditional R2 0.816–0.822).

Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Id NCT02786628.
Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in early pregnancy and changes during the pregnancy
Authors: Agampodi Suneth Buddhika , Agampodi Thilini Chanchala , Amarasinghe Gayani Shashikala , Warnasekara Janith Niwanthaka , Hettiarachchi Ayesh Umeshana , Jayasinghe Imasha Upulini , Koralegedara Iresha Sandamali , Abeyrathna Parami , Srimantha Shalka , de Silva Farika Nirmani , Gunarathne Sajaan Praveena , Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
Published: January 2023

Renal functions in pregnancy undergo rapid changes, and the thresholds for normal values are a major research gap and are still debatable. The lack of prospective population-based studies with early pregnancy recruitment hampered the decision-making process on the best thresholds to be used in clinical practice. We present the serum creatinine (sCr) and sCr-based estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in early pregnancy with changes over the gestational period in a large prospective, community-based cohort, the Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort (RaPCo). We carried out a community-based prospective cohort study with 2,259 healthy pregnant women with a gestation period of less than 13 weeks and without pre-existing medical conditions. Gestational period-specific sCr and sCr-based eGFR were calculated for different age strata, and the participants were followed up until the second trimester. Renal functions of pregnant women were compared with 2.012 nonpregnant women from the same geographical area. The mean (SD) sCr of the 2,012 nonpregnant women was 62.8(12.4) μmol/L, with the 97.5th percentile of 89.0 μmol/L. Among the pregnant women, mean (SD) sCr was 55.1(8.3), 52.7(8.1), 51.1(9.1), 47.1(7.2), and 49.3 (9.9), while the 97.5th percentile for sCr was 72.4, 69.1, 70.0, 63.6, and 66.0 μmol/L respectively during the 4–7, 8–9, 10–12, 24–27 and 28–30 weeks of gestation. The average sCr value was 84.7% and 76.4% of the nonpregnant group, respectively, in the first and second trimesters. The mean eGFR was 123.4 (10.7) mL/min/1.73 m2in the first trimester and increased up to 129.5 mL/min/1.73 m2in the 24th week of gestation. The analysis of cohort data confirmed a significant reduction in sCr with advancing pregnancy (p<0 .001). This study provides thresholds for renal functions in pregnancy to be used in clinical practice. Clinical validation of the proposed thresholds needs to be evaluated with pregnancy and newborn outcomes.
Does quality of antenatal care influence antepartum stillbirth in Hossana City, South Ethiopia?
Authors: Berhe TrhasTadesse , Modibia Lebitsi Maud , Sahile Addisu Tadesse , Tedla Getachew Woldeyohanes
Published: January 2023

Background

Antepartum stillbirth is a public health problem in a low-income country like Ethiopia. Quality antenatal care (ANC) is supposed to reduce the risk of many bad outcomes. Thus the main objective of this study was to identify the effect of quality antenatal care on antepartum stillbirth in Public health facilities of Hossana town Hadiya zone south Ethiopia.

Method

About 1123 mothers with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks were identified and followed using an observational longitudinal study to determine whether the quality of ANC influences antepartum stillbirth or not. Standardized and pretested observation checklists and participants’ interview questionnaires were employed to obtain the necessary information after getting both written and verbal consent from the concerned bodies and study participants. In this study, quality was measured by the process attributes of quality to measure the acceptable standard of quality of antenatal care. Women who received ≥75% of essential ANC services (from 1st-4th visit) were categorized under received good quality antenatal care. General estimating equation analysis was done to determine the effect of quality antenatal care on antepartum stillbirth.

Result

A total of 121 (12.3%) 95% CI (10.3%, 14.5%) mothers who were observed during delivery had encountered antepartum stillbirth. In this study, the overall quality of antenatal care service that was provided in the whole visit (1st -4th) was 1230 (31.38%). Higher quality ANC decreases the odds of antepartum stillbirth by almost 81%, after controlling other factors (0.19 (AOR 0.19 at 95% CI; 0.088 to 0.435). There is a change in the odds of developing antepartum stillbirth as the level of education of mothers increases. Moreover, mothers with a history of preexisting hypertension were more like to have antepartum stillbirth AOR = 3.1, 95%CI (1.44, 6.77)].

Conclusion and recommendation

Therefore, having a good quality of ANC significantly reduces antepartum stillbirth. Strategies need to be developed on the problems identified to improve the quality of ANC and reduce antepartum stillbirth significantly.
Associations between trajectories of obesity prevalence in English primary school children and the UK soft drinks industry levy: An interrupted time series analysis of surveillance data
Authors: Rogers Nina T. , Cummins Steven , Forde Hannah , Jones Catrin P. , Mytton Oliver , Rutter Harry , Sharp Stephen J. , Theis Dolly , White Martin , Adams Jean
Published: January 2023

Background

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are the primary source of dietary added sugars in children, with high consumption commonly observed in more deprived areas where obesity prevalence is also highest. Associations between SSB consumption and obesity in children have been widely reported. In March 2016, a two-tier soft drinks industry levy (SDIL) on drinks manufacturers to encourage reformulation of SSBs in the United Kingdom was announced and then implemented in April 2018. We examined trajectories in the prevalence of obesity at ages 4 to 5 years and 10 to 11 years, 19 months after the implementation of SDIL, overall and by sex and deprivation.

Methods and findings

Data were from the National Child Measurement Programme and included annual repeat cross-sectional measurement of over 1 million children in reception (4 to 5 years old) and year 6 (10 to 11 years old) in state-maintained English primary schools. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis of monthly obesity prevalence data from September 2013 to November 2019 was used to estimate absolute and relative changes in obesity prevalence compared to a counterfactual (adjusted for temporal variations in obesity prevalence) estimated from the trend prior to SDIL announcement. Differences between observed and counterfactual estimates were examined in November 2019 by age (reception or year 6) and additionally by sex and deprivation quintile. In year 6 girls, there was an overall absolute reduction in obesity prevalence (defined as >95th centile on the UK90 growth charts) of 1.6 percentage points (PPs) (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 2.1), with greatest reductions in the two most deprived quintiles (e.g., there was an absolute reduction of 2.4 PP (95% CI: 1.6, 3.2) in prevalence of obesity in the most deprived quintile). In year 6 boys, there was no change in obesity prevalence, except in the least deprived quintile where there was a 1.6-PP (95% CI: 0.7, 2.5) absolute increase. In reception children, relative to the counterfactual, there were no overall changes in obesity prevalence in boys (0.5 PP (95% CI: 1.0, −0.1)) or girls (0.2 PP (95% CI: 0.8, −0.3)). This study is limited by use of index of multiple deprivation of the school attended to assess individual socioeconomic disadvantage. ITS analyses are vulnerable to unidentified cointerventions and time-varying confounding, neither of which we can rule out.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the SDIL was associated with decreased prevalence of obesity in year 6 girls, with the greatest differences in those living in the most deprived areas. Additional strategies beyond SSB taxation will be needed to reduce obesity prevalence overall, and particularly in older boys and younger children.

Trial registration

ISRCTN18042742.
The timing versus resource problem in nonnative sentence processing: Evidence from a time-frequency analysis of anaphora resolution in successive wh-movement in native and nonnative speakers of French
Authors: Dekydtspotter Laurent , Miller A. Kate , Iverson Mike , Xiong Yanyu , Swanson Kyle , Gilbert Charlène
Published: January 2023

Nonnative processing has been argued to reflect either reduced processing capacity or delayed timing of structural analysis compared to the extraction of lexical/semantic information. The current study simultaneously investigates timing and resource allocation through a time-frequency analysis of the intrinsic neural activity during syntactic processing in native and English-speaking nonnative speakers of French. It involved structurally constrained anaphora resolution in bi-clausal wh-filler-gap dependencies such as Quelle décision à propos de lui est-ce que Paul a dit que Lydie avait rejetée sans hésitation? ‘Which decision about him did Paul say that Lydie rejected without hesitation?’. We tested the hypothesis that nonnative speakers may allocate greater resources than native speakers to the computation of syntactic representations based on the grammatical specifications encoded in lexical entries, though both native and nonnative processing involves the immediate application of structural constraints. This distinct resource allocation is likely to arise in response to higher activation thresholds for nonnative knowledge acquired after the first language grammar has been fully acquired. To examine this bias in nonnative neurocognitive processing, we manipulated the wh-filler to contain either a lexically specified noun complement such as à propos de lui ‘about him’ or a non-lexcially specified noun phrase modifier such as le concernant ‘concerning him’. We focused on processing at the intermediate gap site, that is, the point of information exchange between the matrix and the embedded clauses by adopting a measurement window corresponding to the bridge verb dit ‘said’ and subordinator que ‘that’ introducing the embedded clause. Our results showed that structural constraints on anaphora produced event-related spectral perturbations at 13-14Hz early into the presentation of the bridge verb across groups. An interaction of structural constraints on anaphora with group was found at 18-19Hz early into the presentation of the bridge verb. In this interaction, the nonnative-speaker activity at 18-19Hz echoed the concurrent general patterns at 13-14Hz, whereas the native-speaker activity revealed distinct power at 18-19Hz and at 13-14Hz. There was no evidence of delay of structural constraints on intermediate gaps with respect to lexical access to the bridge verb and subordinator. However, nonnative speakers’ allocation of power in cell assembly synchronizations of fillers and gaps at the intermediate gap site reflected the grammatical specifications lexically encoded in the fillers.
Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based system to curtail wind turbines to reduce eagle collisions
Authors: Duerr Adam E. , Parsons Amy E. , Nagy Laura R. , Kuehn Michael J. , Bloom Peter H.
Published: January 2023

Operating wind-power projects often includes protecting volant wildlife. One method for doing this uses an automated system to detect, identify (through use of artificial intelligence; AI), track animals (targets) and curtail turbines when risk of a collision is high. However, assessments of the effectiveness, in terms of identification accuracy and subsequent turbine curtailment of such systems are lacking. Over 1 year, we assessed such an automated system installed at a wind project in California, USA to determine its identification accuracy and rates at which "virtual” curtailments were ordered (without slowing turbines), for eagles (intended targets) and non-eagle targets. The system correctly identified 77% of eagles and 85% of non-eagles. Curtailment orders occurred 6 times more frequently for non-eagle targets (5,439) than for eagle targets (850). Greater abundance of common ravens that were misidentified as eagles influenced the effectiveness of the system by greatly increasing unintended curtailment orders. The balance between costs (price of the IdentiFlight system, reduced energy generation, turbine wear and maintenance) and benefits (reduced collisions between intended target species and turbines) may depend upon the biological setting, speed at which operators can curtail turbines, and the objectives of the operator when considering the IdentiFlight system.
Using the health belief model to explain COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Dutch urban citizens under thirty
Authors: Merkelbach Inge , Magnee Tessa , Sana Shakib , Kollmann Jelena , Kocken Paul , Denktas Semiha
Published: January 2023

Background

Worldwide the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in drastic behavioral measures and lockdowns. Vaccination is widely regarded as the true and only global exit strategy; however, a high vaccination coverage is needed to contain the spread of the virus. Vaccination rates among young people are currently lacking. We therefore studied the experienced motivations and barriers regarding vaccination in young people with the use of the health belief model.

Methods

We conducted a correlational study, based on a convenience sample. At the vaccination location, directly after vaccination, 194participants(16–30 years) who decided to get vaccinated at a pop-up location several weeks after receiving a formal invitation, filled out a questionnaire regarding their attitudes towards vaccination based on concepts defined in the health belief model. We used these concepts to predict vaccination hesitancy.

Results

Younger participants and participants with lower educational levels report higher levels of hesitancy regarding vaccination (low education level = 38.9%, high education level = 25.4%). Perceived severity (Mhesitancy = .23, Mno hesitancy = .37) and susceptibility (Mhesitancy = .38, Mno hesitancy = .69) were not associated with hesitancy. Health related and idealistic benefits of vaccination were negatively associated with experienced hesitancy (Mhesitancy = .68, Mno hesitancy = -.37), while individualistic and practical benefits were not associated with hesitancy (Mhesitancy = -.09, Mno hesitancy = .05). Practical barriers were not associated with hesitancy (Mhesitancy = .05, Mno hesitancy = -.01), while fear related barriers were strongly associated with hesitancy (Mhesitancy = -.60, Mno hesitancy = .29).

Conclusions

Health related, and idealistic beliefs are negatively associated with experienced hesitancy about vaccination, while fear related barriers is positively associated with experienced hesitancy. Future interventions should focus on these considerations, since they can facilitate or stand in the way of vaccination in young people who are doubting vaccination, while not principally opposed to it.
First evidence for cattle traction in Middle Neolithic Ireland: A pivotal element for resource exploitation
Authors: Pigière Fabienne , Smyth Jessica
Published: January 2023

The power harnessed by cattle traction was undeniably a valuable asset to Neolithic communities. However, data are still lacking on the timing, purposes, and intensity of exploitation of draught animals. This paper sheds new light on a region of Europe–Neolithic Ireland–for which our knowledge is particularly restricted as evidence from both Ireland and Britain in this period has been so far patchy and inconclusive. Using a suite of methods and refined criteria for traction identification, we present new and robust data on a large faunal assemblage from Kilshane, Co. Dublin that strongly support cattle traction in the middle 4th millennium BC in Ireland. Bone pathology data combined with osteometric analysis highlight specialised husbandry practices, producing large males, possibly oxen, for the purpose of cattle traction. This new technology has important implications for early agriculture in the region since it provides a key support for more extensive land management practices as well as for megalithic construction, which increased considerably in scale during this period. We argue that access to draught animals and the exploitation of associated resources were at the heart of wider changes that took place in Neolithic Ireland in the second half of the 4th millennium BC.
Identifying usual food choices with avocados in a clinical trial cohort of overweight and obese adults in Australia
Authors: Guan Vivienne X. , Neale Elizabeth P. , Probst Yasmine C.
Published: January 2023

Background

Consumption of avocados has been suggested to be beneficial for weight control, however, limited research is available about the related food choices. Understanding the food choices associated with avocados at meal occasions may further aid behavioural strategies to lose weight. The present study used a systematic approach to develop an avocado-specific food database, with the aim to explore food choices related to avocados at meal occasions as reported by overweight and obese volunteers in weight loss clinical trials.

Methods

The avocado-specific database was based on AUSNUT 2011–13 food composition database structure and was developed via a systematic approach, which determined the avocado content of Australian foods and beverages. Baseline usual food intake data was retrospectively pooled from four food-based clinical trials (n = 758). The Apriori algorithm of association rules, a two-step descriptive method was used to identify food choices associated with avocados at different meal occasions using a nested hierarchical food group classification system.

Results

The avocado database identified 34 avocados and avocado-containing foods and beverages. The proportion of avocado consumers in the pooled cohort was 51.3% (n = 389), with an average avocado intake of 21.57 ± 36.75 grams per day. Avocados were found to be closely related to other food groups at all of the food group levels at main meal occasions. A total of 68 food items containing avocados were identified for avocado consumers at the breakfast, lunch and dinner meals.

Conclusion

The avocado specific database provides a snapshot of the foods and beverages which contain avocados. Enumerating the full range of food choices in relation to avocado consumption should provide examples of food choices that people might consider in their efforts to increase their avocado consumption.
Caste-specific storage of dopamine-related substances in the brains of four Polistes paper wasp species
Authors: Sasaki Ken , Yoshimura Hideto , Nishimura Masakazu
Published: January 2023

How the role of dopamine differs according to the evolution of eusociality and how it is required in the flexible society of Polistes paper wasps need further clarification. In the present study, we compared the storage and usage of dopamine-related substances in brains between the castes of paper wasps. The head widths, lipid stores in the abdomen, and levels of biogenic amines in the brains were measured in newly emerged females before male emergence (workers) and after male emergence (gynes) in four Polistes species. The head widths and the lipid stores were significantly larger in gynes than workers in P. snelleni, P. rothneyi, and P. jokahamae, whereas they did not differ between castes in P. chinensis. The levels of dopamine precursors in the brains were significantly higher in gynes than workers in P. snelleni, P. chinensis, and P. rothneyi, whereas those of dopamine and its metabolites did not differ between castes in these species. In P. jokahamae, the levels of dopamine precursors and dopamine in the brains did not differ between castes, but those of a dopamine metabolite were significantly higher in gynes than workers. Thus, the caste differences in the levels of dopamine-related substances did not always match body sizes and nutritional reserves. Foundresses in P. rothneyi had significantly lower levels of dopamine precursors and higher levels of dopamine and its metabolite than newly emerged gynes. These results suggested that in several Polistes species, dopamine precursors were stored in the brain without dopamine biosynthesis at emergence, and then converted into dopamine in foundresses during colony founding. These neuroendocrinal states in Polistes species largely differed from those in eusocial bees.
The role of β-adrenergic stimulation in QT interval adaptation to heart rate during stress test
Authors: Pérez Cristina , Cebollada Rubén , Mountris Konstantinos A. , Martínez Juan Pablo , Laguna Pablo , Pueyo Esther
Published: January 2023

The adaptation lag of the QT interval after heart rate (HR) has been proposed as an arrhythmic risk marker. Most studies have quantified the QT adaptation lag in response to abrupt, step-like changes in HR induced by atrial pacing, in response to tilt test or during ambulatory recordings. Recent studies have introduced novel methods to quantify the QT adaptation lag to gradual, ramp-like HR changes in stress tests by evaluating the differences between the measured QT series and an estimated, memoryless QT series obtained from the instantaneous HR. These studies have observed the QT adaptation lag to progressively reduce when approaching the stress peak, with the underlying mechanisms being still unclear. This study analyzes the contribution ofβ-adrenergic stimulation to QT interval rate adaptation in response to gradual, ramp-like HR changes. We first quantify the QT adaptation lag in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients undergoing stress test. To uncover the involved mechanisms, we use biophysically detailed computational models coupling descriptions of human ventricular electrophysiology andβ-adrenergic signaling, from which we simulate ventricular action potentials and ECG signals. We characterize the adaptation of the simulated QT interval in response to the HR time series measured from each of the analyzed CAD patients. We show that, when the simulated ventricular tissue is subjected to a time-varyingβ-adrenergic stimulation pattern, with higher stimulation levels close to the stress peak, the simulated QT interval presents adaptation lags during exercise that are more similar to those measured from the patients than when subjected to constantβ-adrenergic stimulation. During stress test recovery, constant and time-varyingβ-adrenergic stimulation patterns render similar adaptation lags, which are generally shorter than during exercise, in agreement with results from the patients. In conclusion, our findings support the role of time-varyingβ-adrenergic stimulation in contributing to QT interval adaptation to gradually increasing HR changes as those seen during the exercise phase of a stress test.
The small heat shock protein αB-Crystallin protects versus withaferin A-induced apoptosis and confers a more metastatic phenotype in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Carmichael Melissa M. , Alchaar Israa , Davis Kathleen A. , Krevosky Merideth Kamradt
Published: January 2023

Since a majority of ovarian tumors recur in a drug-resistant form leaving patients few treatment options, the goal of this study was to explore phenotypic and molecular characteristics of a cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR8R) as compared to its cisplatin-sensitive syngeneic counterpart (OVCAR8) and to explore the effectiveness of a novel chemotherapeutic, Withaferin A (WA). In addition to unique morphological characteristics, the small heat shock proteins (Hsps) αB-Crystallin (HspB5) and Hsp27 are constitutively expressed along with increased expression of vimentin in OVCAR8R cells, while OVCAR8 cells do not endogenously express these Hsps, supporting that Hsp overexpression may confer resistance to chemotherapy and promote more aggressive tumor types. WA increases apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in OVCAR8 cells, while OVCAR8R cells remain more viable at comparable doses of WA coincident with the upregulation of αB-Crystallin. To determine the significance of αB-Crystallin in conferring a more aggressive phenotype, αB-Crystallin was silenced by CRISPR-Cas9 in OVCAR8R cells. The morphology of the OVCAR8R clones in which αB-Crystallin was silenced reverted to the morphology of the original cisplatin-sensitive OVCAR8 cells. Further, cisplatin-resistant OVCAR8R cells constitutively express higher levels of vimentin and migrate more readily than cisplatin-sensitive OVCAR8 and OVCAR8R cells in which αB-Crystallin was silenced. Transient overexpression of wildtype αB-Crystallin, but not a chaperone-defective-mutant, alters the morphology of these cells to closely resemble the cisplatin-resistant OVCAR8R cells and protects versus WA-induced apoptosis. Together, this research supports the potential effectiveness of WA as a therapy for ovarian cancer cells that have not yet acquired resistance to platinum-based therapies, and importantly, underscores that αB-Crystallin contributes to a more aggressive cellular phenotype and as such, may be a promising molecular target for a better clinical outcome.
A low chromium diet increases body fat, energy intake and circulating triglycerides and insulin in male and female rats fed a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet from peripuberty to young adult age
Authors: Bertinato Jesse , Griffin Philip
Published: January 2023

Trivalent chromium (Cr) may function to potentiate the action of insulin, but the effects of chromium intakes on metabolic parameters are unclear. Cr is listed as a potentially beneficial element for rodents based on studies that show feeding low quantities affect glucose metabolism. Cr is recommended at 1 mg per kg in rodent diets. This study examined the effects of different levels of dietary Cr on body weight, body composition, energy intake, food efficiency and metabolic parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism in male and female rats when fed from peripuberty to young adult age in the background of a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Sprague-Dawley CD rats (n = 10 males and 10 females/group) at 35 days of age were assigned by weight to the low (LCr, 0.33 ± 0.06 mg/kg), normal (NCr, 1.20 ± 0.11 mg/kg) or high (HCr, 9.15 ± 0.65 mg/kg) Cr diets. Diets were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks (83 days). At baseline, body weights and composition were similar (p≥0.05) among diet groups. Compared to the NCr group, the LCr group weighed more (p<0.01) and consumed more energy (food) from Day 56 onwards, but food efficiency was unaffected. Following an oral glucose challenge (Day 77), dietary chromium levels did not affect plasma glucose, but fasting plasma insulin and insulin at 30 and 60 min after dosing were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. At the end of the study, whole-body fat, accrued body fat from baseline and fasting serum triglycerides were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. Effects were similar in both sexes and not observed in the HCr group. These data show that low dietary Cr affects metabolic parameters common in chronic diseases underscoring the need for clinical trials to define the nutritional and/or pharmacological effects of Cr.
Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes of two alpine medicinal plants of Gentiana (Gentianaceae)
Authors: Ala Kelsang Gyab , Zhao Zhili , Ni Lianghong , Wang Zhengtao
Published: January 2023

Gentiana crassicaulis and G. straminea are alpine plants of Gentiana with important medicinal value and complex genetic backgrounds. In this study, the mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) of these two species were sequenced. The mtDNAs of G. crassicaulis and G. straminea are 368,808 and 410,086 bp long, respectively, 52 and 49 unique genes are annotated in the two species, and the gene arrangement varies widely. Compared to G. crassicaulis, G. straminea loses three effective genes, namely atp6, trnG-GCC and trnV-GAC. As a pseudogene, the atp6 gene of G. straminea is incomplete, which is rare in higher plants. We detected 1696 and 1858 pairs of long repeats and 213 SSRs and 250 SSs in the mtDNAs of G. crassicaulis and G. straminea, respectively. There are 392 SNPs and 18 InDels between the two genomes, and syntenic sequence and structural variation analysis show low collinearity between the two genomes. Chloroplast DNA transferring to mtDNA is observed in both species, and 46,511 and 55,043 bp transferred segments containing three tRNA genes are identified, respectively. Comparative analysis of mtDNAs of G. crassicaulis, G. straminea and four species of Gentianales determined 18 core genes, and there is no specific gene in G. crassicaulis and G. straminea. The phylogenetic tree based on mtDNAs places Gentianaceae in a branch of Gentianales. This study is the first to analyze the mtDNAs of Gentianaceae, which could provide information for analysis of the structure of mtDNAs of higher plants and phylogenetic research of Gentianaceae and Gentianales.
Molecular characterization of feline immune checkpoint molecules and establishment of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry for feline tumors
Authors: Maekawa Naoya , Konnai Satoru , Asano Yumie , Otsuka Takumi , Aoki Eri , Takeuchi Hiroto , Kato Yukinari , Kaneko Mika K. , Yamada Shinji , Kagawa Yumiko , Nishimura Maki , Takagi Satoshi , Deguchi Tatsuya , Ohta Hiroshi , Nakagawa Takayuki , Suzuki Yasuhiko , Okagawa Tomohiro , Murata Shiro , Ohashi Kazuhiko
Published: January 2023

Spontaneous tumors are a major cause of death in cats. Treatment of human tumors has progressed dramatically in the past decade, partly due to the success of immunotherapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) and anti-PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies. However, little is known about the PD-1 pathway and its association with tumor disease in cats. This study investigated the applicability of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in feline tumors. We first determined the complete coding sequence of feline PD-L1 and PD-L2, and found that the deduced amino acid sequences of feline PD-L1/PD-L2 share high sequence identities (66–83%) with orthologs in other mammalian species. We prepared recombinant feline PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 proteins and confirmed receptor–ligand binding between PD-1 and PD-L1/PD-L2 using flow cytometry. Next, we established an anti-feline PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (clone CL1Mab-7) to analyze the expression of PD-L1. Flow cytometry using CL1Mab-7 revealed the cell surface expression of PD-L1 in a feline macrophage (Fcwf-4) and five mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines (FKNp, FMCm, FYMp, FONp, and FONm), and showed that PD-L1 expression was upregulated by interferon-γ stimulation. Finally, immunohistochemistry using CL1Mab-7 also showed PD-L1 expression in feline squamous cell carcinoma (5/5, 100%), mammary adenocarcinoma (4/5, 80%), fibrosarcoma (5/5, 100%), and renal cell carcinoma (2/2, 100%) tissues. Our results strongly encourage further investigations of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway as a potential therapeutic target for feline tumors.