bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Good Waters Go Bad
Authors: Wilson Lynn A.
Published: October 2021

This chapter offers commentary on adaptation and resilience to stresses on water systems in a potentially catastrophic future. While considering futures studies as an integral part of science education is not new, reorganizing knowledge and its deployment to equip future leaders to address the complexity, paradox and unpredictability of problem requires new educational paradigms. Youth are poised as agents of change in a collaborative, networked, and complexity-embracing future. Through exploring the changes in waters due to climate change and human activity, and what those changes may mean for developing and maintaining resilience in the postnormal future, a complex adaptive systems (CAS) framework guides new alternatives for education and water policy action in these changing times and within the broad goals of sustainability.
Energy-Efficient Cloud-Integrated Sensor Network Model Based on Data Forecasting Through ARIMA
Authors: Das Kalyan , Das Satyabrata
Published: October 2021

An energy-efficient Model for Sensor-cloud is proposed based on data forecasting through an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). Generally, all the user requests are redirected to the wireless sensor network (WSN) through the cloud. In the traditional approach, user requests are generated every fifteen minutes, so the sensor must send data to the cloud every fifteen minutes. In the current approach, the sensors within the WSN communicate with the cloud every two hours. The data forecasting technique addresses most of the user requests using the ARIMA one-step ahead forecasting model in the cloud. This results in less frequency of data communication, thereby increasing the battery life of the sensor. The ARIMA-based forecasting model provides better accuracy because of fewer temperature data changes with respect to the current temperature, for the next two hours. The proposed method for the simulation in the sensor cloud system consumes significantly less energy than the traditional approach, and the error in forecasting becomes highly negligible.
Competency Trap in Organizational Learning
Authors: Yilmaz Ayse Asli , Tuzlukaya Sule Erdem
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to depict the competency trap in E-Government Gateway Application and its reactions during the COVID-19 Pandemic. A case study with the Delphi method is carried out to examine Turkish E-Government Gateway Application during COVID-19 Pandemic as Extraordinary Condition. The major finding of the study is, as a virtual organization, Turkish E-Government Gateway Application has dapperly adapted itself without falling into the competency trap during the transition from routine to the time in COVID-19. In the wake of gathering, synthesizing, and summarizing the ideas on the digital interactions from specialists among citizens, government and other government agencies, employees, and businesses/commerces comprehensive, detailed reactions are identified according to governmental agencies' and institutions course of action during routine and time in COVID- 19. This is the first study that unfolding e-governmental solutions without a competency trap within the unexpected, extraordinary condition.
Creating Public Value Through Inter-Organizational Collaboration and Information Technologies
Authors: Picazo-Vela Sergio , Luna Dolores E. , Gil-Garcia J. Ramon , Luna-Reyes Luis Felipe
Published: October 2021

Creating public value is becoming increasingly important for digital government projects. This article proposes and tests a research model to improve our understanding of how value is created. Using a survey and structural equation modeling, this research explores the interactions among institutions, collaboration, and value creation. Although exploratory in nature, the results suggest that regulatory frameworks have an impact on facilitating the development of effective organizations, increasing collaboration, and improved information technologies. Additionally, inter-organizational collaboration and technology enactments have an impact on the creation of value, but enacted technology appears to be unrelated to collaboration. The results from these models allowed us to find two additional issues: first, that there is a negative effect of institutional arrangements on service quality, and second, that the positive impact of enacted technologies on public value found in the original model remained for productivity, transparency, and quality, but not for costs and effectiveness.
Evaluation Platform for DDM Algorithms With the Usage of Non-Uniform Data Distribution Strategies
Authors: Markiewicz Mikołaj , Koperwas Jakub
Published: October 2021

Huge amounts of data are collected in numerous independent data storage facilities around the world. However, how the data is distributed between physical locations remains unspecified. Downloading all of the data for the purpose of processing it is undesirable and sometimes even impossible. Various methods have been proposed for performing data mining tasks, but the main problem is the lack of an objective strategy for comparing them. The authors present current research on a novel evaluation platform for distributed data mining (DDM) algorithms. The proposed platform opens up a new field to evaluate algorithms in terms of the quality of the results, transfer used, and speed, but also for the use of a non-uniform data distribution among independent nodes during algorithm evaluation. This work introduces a ‘data partitioning strategy’ term referring to a specific, not necessarily uniform data distribution. A brief evaluation for three clustering algorithms is also reported, showing the usability and simplicity of identifying differences in processing with the use of the platform.
De-Novo Design of Hits Against New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase Enzyme
Authors: Maity Arindam , Sardar Sarmi , Chatterjee Shilpa , Bala Nripendra Nath , Debnath Sudhan , Sen Debanjan
Published: October 2021

The New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) is a class of Metallo-β lactamase enzyme. It is responsible for hydrolyzing almost all β-lactam antibiotics, leading to multi-drug resistance in bacteria. The lack of specific therapeutic options against this target creates an emerging need to develop new molecules against it. The multistep fragment- and knowledge-based de-novo design methods were considered for this study to design small molecules. The designed molecules were evaluated by molecular docking and dynamics simulation, followed by drug-likeness prediction. This study reports that a new drug-like chemical entity exhibits good binding behavior against the MDM-1 enzyme. Nonetheless, in-depth biological evaluation is required to determine the efficacy of the designed binders to develop new therapeutics against NDM-1.
Independent Village Development Pattern in Industrial Community 4.0
Authors: Kholis Nur , Mufidah Nuril
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study to find out about independent village development programs and activities; analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of programs and independent village development activities. Data was collected through in-depth interview techniques, observation, and documentation and focus group discussion. The results; independent village development programs and activities include; efficient and accountable government management; Village economic development, activities of joint business groups, village-owned enterprises, and construction of village souvenir centers; Integrated environmental management, its activities are to build a waste charity center, promoting environmentally friendly tree planting; Character development of the community, its activities are supporting the Al-Qur'an educational institutions, supporting the activities of youth/community/religious groups, establishing centers for community learning activities and community reading parks. independent village development programs and activities are quite efficient and effective.
Solar-Based Mosquito Trap for Household Purposes
Authors: Bobba Sujith , Selvamuthukumar M.  , Harishbabu Bachina , Leman Z.
Published: October 2021

A practical problem in the society has been taken as a challenging problem and efforts are devoted to provide a solution to trap mosquitoes. Mosquito trap which was designed primarily to capture mosquitoes and other insects are attracted to a light source situated on top of the trap and are pulled through a rotating fan into a collapsible cage. The trap is light weight and is suitable for field studies where electric power is unavailable since it operates on dry-cell batteries.Though different methods are available to reduce the mosquito population, a mosquito trap has been designed and developed in order to trap the mosquitoes in the present study. The major components of this trap are suction fan, blue light, trap etc.The blue light is being positioned such that it can attract mosquitoes in the current research. In order to enhance the capacity of mosquitoes trapping, a suction fan is installed ahead of blue light. Based on the above principle the developed trap can attract and trap the mosquitoes and the results obtained from this trap are satisfactory.
Non-Timber Forest Products and Local Livelihoods Around the Bamboko Forest Reserve in the South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Frankline Nghobuoche , Roger Ngoufo , Wuchu Cornelius W. , Chupezi Tieguhong Julius , Ngwainbi Akoni Innocent
Published: October 2021

The study assesses the contribution of non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in rural livelihoods and the strategies for their conservation. A survey was conducted with 150 respondents in six villages of the Bamboko Forest Reserve (BFR), using questionnaire, complemented by interviews, focus group discussions and direct field observations. The results showed that 10 key NTFPs of plant origin and 13 animal species contributed to income generation, trade, employment and household energy in communities adjoining the BFR. In 2013, these communities generated an income of US$ 6,965 and US$ 3,603.8 per month from the sale of plant based major NTFPs and ‘bush meat’ respectively, contributing to the wellbeing of families. Unsustainable harvesting of NTFPs from the BFR have resulted in 90% reduction in quantity collected, 83% decrease in income as well as a purported 91% degradation of the forest reserve. Indeed, over 90% of local population indicated significant decrease in the quantity of NTFPs harvested and the number of animals hunted per month with consequential decreases in incomes.
Analytical Approach for Prioritizing Waste Management Practices
Authors: Wailoni Xanthe , Swain Suchismita , Lafanama Sabrina , Muduli Kamalakanta
Published: October 2021

The socio-environmental hazards of poor waste management practices in health care sector have been explored in the recent years. It has also been observed that through effective waste management practices, health care units(HCU) not only could reduce their contribution to social and ecological hazards but also can save significant amount of money. Hence, a lot of researchers and practitioners are focusing on developing innovative techniques and policies that will help HCUs operate in a socio-environmental responsible manner. In this regard this research has attempted to explore the waste treatment options available in Papua New Guinean health care sector and identify the best alternative for them. This research employed primary data collection through questionnaire survey, secondary data collection through review of published reports and research papers and analysis of the responses of respondents through Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results revealed that open burning practices of HCWM has been judged as the worst alternative.
Farmer Workplace Discomfort Levels Leading to Adverse Mental Health
Authors: Chauhan Hullash , Satapathy Suchismita , Sahoo Ashok Kumar
Published: October 2021

Musculoskeletal discomforts and disorders cause serious health related problems that affect the mental well-being of farmers reducing their work efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the discomfort levels of farmers in Indian agriculture leading to mental stresses, and for this, the discomfort questionnaire has been applied after carrying out a detailed literature review. With the help of discomfort questionnaire and “Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21)”, the farmers discomfort levels and their mental stress levels were evaluated. Further by the application of ANFIS, an effort has been made to predict the mental stress of farmers during their work activities in hot-climatic conditions based on the associated parameters like “kcal burnt, Pulse rate, High BP, Low BP, and Temperature”, respectively
Factors Influencing the Residential Land Use Right Mortgage in Yen My District, Hung Yen Province, Vietnam
Authors: Nam Pham Phuong
Published: October 2021

The study aims to identify influencing factors and their influences on the residential land use right mortgage as the basis for proposing solutions to improve land use right mortgage. The study used methods of collecting secondary and primary data; processing and analyzing data using SPSS20.0 software. There were 5268 cases of land use right mortgage registration, 3240 cases of land use right mortgage removal and 924 cases for changing contents of land registration. The study identified 7 factor groups with 27 factors affecting land use right mortgage. The credit factor group has the biggest impact at the rate of 18.21%, followed by the 6 other factor groups. Solutions which to be implemented include completing procedures for reviewing mortgage loan documents; amending and adding regulations on mortgage lending; completing procedures to handle mortgage debt; completing human resources, facilities and mortgage registration procedures; freeing loan dossier evaluation.
Body fat and aerobic capacity of physical education students from a Chilean university
Authors: Mendez-Cornejo Jorge , Vidal Espinoza Ruben , Hecht Chau Gernot Kurt , Urra Albornoz Camilo , Gomez-Campos Rossana , Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Published: October 2021

The components of physical fitness, aerobic capacity and anthropometric characteristics play an important role in maintaining and protecting cardiorespiratory functioning during all stages of life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between body fat indicators and aerobic capacity of students in a physical education program. A descriptive study (cross-sectional) was carried out with 110 physical education university students (75 males and 35 females). Ages ranged between 17.7 and 26.1 years old. Weight, standing height, sitting height, waist circumference (WC), and seven skinfolds (mm) were evaluated. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. The Navette test (20m back and forth run) was used to assess the students. The correlations between adiposity and aerobic capacity for males varied from r= -0.21 to 0.34 and for females, from r= -0.21 to 0.34. In general, greater body adiposity (BMI, WC, and skinfolds) was a determinant in the males (R2= 14 to 27%). For the females, the Σ 7 skinfolds explained 11% of the adiposity. Males and females classified as having a high level of aerobic capacity showed less fat tissue (Σ 7 skinfolds) than those with moderate and low aerobic capacity (p<0.05). The results from this study indicated that body adiposity expressed as fat tissue limited aerobic capacity in a greater proportion of the males than in the females. The youth classified with high aerobic capacity showed less body fat than their counterparts classified as having moderate and low levels of aerobic capacity.
The three sisters:multidetector computed tomography and 3D reconstructions of three sister mummies from the Egyptian Museum of Turin
Authors: Cesarani Federico , Martina Maria Cristina , Boano Rosa , Donadoni Roveri Anna Maria , Ferraris Andrea , Grilletto Renato , Gandini Giovanni
Published: October 2021

The “three sisters” is a particular group of mummies from the Drovetti collection of the Egyptian Museum in Turin. They were purchased in 1824 by King Carlo Felice of Savoy for the new Museum. The mummies come from the area of Tebe in Upper Egypt. Their names are Tapeni (CGT 13002–Cat. 2215), Tamiu (CGT 13003–Cat. 2218), and Renpetnefert (CGT 13007–Cat.2231). They were evaluated the same day with multidetector CT (GE Light Speed Qx/I). In all three cases whole body CT helical acquisition with thin slices (2.5 mm thickness, 1.25 mm reconstruction interval) followed by multiplanar and 3D reconstructions were performed. Stature, anthropometric measurements, sex, and approximate age, were estimated. Also embalming techniques, condition of the skeleton and of the soft tissues, and the presence of foreign objects were analyzed. The similarities and differences of embalming methods were also evaluated. To our knowledge, there are no other reports of CT studies on mummies belonging to the same family. We believe these results are of particular interest for archaeology and computed imaging technology.
The study of ancient Egyptian fingerprints: preliminary remarks
Authors: Borla Matilde , Giuliano Andrea
Published: October 2021

Preliminary results of the scientific project on ancient fingerprints, born from the cooperation between the Egyptian Museum in Turin and the Department of the Scientific Police are discussed. Following the study on ancient fingerprints on terracotta ushabtis found by Ernesto Schiaparelli in Deir el-Medina, this study deals with the fingerprints of Egyptian mummies.
The prince of el Plomo: new studies 50 years after its discovery
Authors: Castro Mario , Busel David , Camargo Cristian , Moraga Mauricio , Llop Elena , Durán Eliana
Published: October 2021

Within the past 50 years, several mummies have been found in the Andean region of South America at altitudes between 5.200 and 6.700 meters above sea level.All of these human remains belong to the Inca civilization and date from approximately 1.475 A.D. to 1.540 A.D. (Horne, 1996). In 1954 the first of these corpses, a well preserved freeze dried body of an eight-to-nine-year-old Inca prince (Fig. 1),was discovered at 5.400 meters on Cerro El Plomo, a mountain peak some 45 km. east of Santiago, and described the presence of Papilloma virus in two verrucae on one of the child’s hand (Horne & Quevedo, 1984). In this paper we present the results of recent radiological (computerized imaging), molecular and chemical investigations.
The Paleoepidemiology of American Trypasonomiasis (Chagas disease)
Authors: Salo Wilmar , Auferheide William C. , Madden Michael , Streitz John , Buikstra Jane , Fornaciari Gino
Published: October 2021

Ancient DNA methodology was applied to extract and amplify a segment of kinetoplast DNA of Trypanosoma cruzi in soft tissue specimens from about 300 spontaneously mummified human bodies from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile and southern Peru. A DNA probe was then employed to hybridize with the amplicon. Results indicate that about 41% of the population in that geographic area were infected with the trypanosome over the past 9000 years. The epidemiological implications of these findings are discussed. It is also emphasized that this and several other paleoepidemiological studies in progress have established that population-study cohorts of mummies now can generate statistically valid paleoepidemiological investigations capable of testing hypotheses. These reflect the maturation of the academic discipline of the scientific study of mummies.
Preliminary findings on the paleomicrobiological study of 400 naturally mummified human remains from Upper Nubia
Authors: Spigelman Mark , Greenblatt Charles , Vernon Kim , Zilber MI , Sheridan Susan , Van Gerven Dick , Shahem Zareena , Hansraj F , Donoghue Helen
Published: October 2021

We present 400 mummies excavated from two early Christian burial sites at Kulubnarti, between the 2nd and 3rd cataracts of the Nile in Northern Sudan, prior to the flooding caused by the Aswan Dam. One site was on an island in the Nile dated from 550-750 AD. The other was on the Nile western bank and was in use from c.750-1500 AD. Due to the exceptionally dry climate many of the remains were naturally mummified. Analysis of diet, via chemical examination of hair and of coprolites, had indicated possible deficiencies in vitamins B6, B12, folacin and vitamin C, suggesting iron deficiency. The presence of criba orbitalia, a pathological lesion of the roof of the eye socket (orbit), also suggests iron deficiency anaemia but may also be caused by inflammation. Anaemia is found in several infectious diseases, and severe iron deficiency increases susceptibility to disease. Tuberculosis was widespread in ancient and Roman Egypt, and there was historical contact with Upper Nubia via the Nile. The presence of Acacia pollen in coprolites suggested the possibility of leishmaniasis, as these trees are the habitat of the sand fly vector of the protozoan pathogen. The area is known today for the many infectious diseases afflicting its inhabitants, but were these present in antiquity? We have, therefore, undertaken a study of diseases in Kulubnarti. Initially we looked for evidence of tuberculosis and leishmaniasis. We anticipate shortly broadening the search to include brucellosis, malaria, hepatitis and West Nile fever viruses. Schistosomasis was considered but at this level the Nile flows swiftly and the intermediate host snail is not present so was at present not ocnsidered. Ribs were examined for Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA, using nested PCR targeting a123 bp sequence on the repetitive element IS6110. Material from the heads of the long bones, possible bone marrow, was examined for Leishmania species using a PCR which amplifies a 119 bp-conserved region of the minicircle kinetoplast DNA. Initial results indicate that M. tuberculosis and Leishmania sp were present in both populations.
Chachapoya mummies from the Laguna Huayabamba
Authors: Nystrom Kenneth C.
Published: October 2021

Beyond the material recovered from the laguna de los Cóndores by Dr. Sonia Guillén and Adriana von Hagen, the nature of Chachapoya mortuary ritual and body processing techniques has rarely been described. This paper reports on another Chachapoya site that contained mummified remains, the Laguna Huayabamba. Located near the modern town of Uchucmarca, the Laguna Huayabamba consists of a large residential sector and a cliff-side funerary complex. The mummified and skeletal remains described here were recovered from a single tomb. The remains represent approximately 48 individuals including (1) mummy bundles with varying degrees of preservation, (2) disarticulated crania, and (3) primary interments. Textile samples taken from one of the mummy bundles have been radiocarbon dated to 1100 AD, well before the 1472 AD Inka invasion of the region. This paper presents new data on Chachapoya body processing techniques and explores some of the implications for our understanding of mortuary ritual.
Facial reconstruction project
Authors: Cesarani Federico , Martina Maria Cristina , Capussotto Valter , Giuliano Andrea , Grilletto Renato , Boano Rosa , Donadoni Roveri Anna Maria , Celia Maurizio , Gandini Giovanni
Published: October 2021

Facial reconstruction of mummies and corpses is important in anthropological, medical and forensic studies. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of three- Dimensional Multidetector CT examination for 3D facial reconstruction. We present a multidisciplinary work performed by radiologists, anthropologists and forensic police in reconstructing the possible physiognomy of an ancient Egyptian mummy.

Three-Dimensional data were obtained from a well-preserved completely wrapped Egyptian mummy from the collection of the Egyptian Museum in Torino, Italy, dated from XXII or XXIII dynasty (945-715 BC). Data were used as a model for the rapid prototyping stereolithographic technique, a method which allows the creation of 3D model with digital data using synthetic materials such as resin or nylon.
Natural mummification as a basis for forensic interpretation of time since
Authors: Rauch Anne , Herrmann K. , Losing Friederic
Published: October 2021

Natural mummification – or at least partial mummification – is far more common in our climate than usually assumed. Therefore the Hartmann case is a good example. [...]
Recent Advances in Quantitative Computerized Tomography and Home Spirometry for Diagnosing and Monitoring of Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Connective Tissue Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Loarce-Martos Jesús , León-Román Francisco Xavier , Garrote-Corral Sandra
Published: October 2021

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs), and it remains a challenge for rheumatologists in terms of diagnosis and monitoring. Although various imaging techniques and functional and laboratory tests have been used for identifying and assessing progression in ILD, high-resolution computerized tomography and pulmonary function tests remain the main tools for this purpose. Several advances have been developed in the past years, including automated analysis and quantification of lung abnormalities in chest computerized tomography and portable spirometry, which may improve the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients. The aim of this study is to review recent advances in quantitative computerized tomography of lung and portable spirometry in ILD associated with CTDs.
Zdravstveni kotički in izobraževanje za zdravje v splošnih knjižnicah
Authors: Švab Katarina
Published: October 2021

V članku je prikazana raziskava o zdravstvenih kotičkih v slovenskih splošnih knjižnicah. Namen je bil analizirati dejavnosti zdravstvenih kotičkov in predstaviti prednosti ter pomanjkljivosti oz. izzive. Uporabljene so bile različne metode zbiranja podatkov: intervjuji s knjižničarji, analiza spletnih strani in družbenih omrežij ter opazovanje. Rezultati so pokazali, da se knjižnice zavedajo pomena izobraževanja za zdravje in organizirajo veliko število izobraževanj za zdravje, vendar pa se ta le v manjši meri izvedejo v zdravstvenih kotičkih. Zdravstveni kotički so urejeni in smiselno umeščeni v knjižnični prostor, potrebovali pa bi nove strategije za izobraževanje za zdravje. Poseben izziv pri načrtovanju in izvajanju izobraževanja za zdravje so informacijsko slabše pismeni uporabniki, saj mnogo priložnosti pridobivanja informacij ponujajo prav splet in družbena omrežja. S spremenjeno strategijo izobraževanja bodo lahko v prihodnosti zdravstveni kotički imeli močnejšo vlogo pri ozaveščanju uporabnikov na področju zdravja.
GIS-based approach for morphometric characteristics and development of hydrographs for the upper watershed of Jebba Reservoir, Nigeria
Authors: Adeogun A.G. , Mohammed A.A. , Ganiyu H.O. , Salami A.W.
Published: October 2021

Nigeria's Jebba sub-basins are synonymous to frequent flooding, high rate of erosion, depletion of soil nutrients and unsustainable water use. The uncontrolled flooding may be a result of numerous factors related to topography, geology, climate and human activity.  The present work was an attempt to describe the application of Geographical Information System (GIS) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the estimation of morphometric characteristics of eight sub-basins in the upstream watershed of Jebba reservoir, Nigeria. Morphometric characteristics such as topographic, areal, relief and network were determined. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) technique was applied to estimate hydrographs. The study revealed that sub-basin number 3 had the lowest time of concentration and maximum depth of runoff while sub-basin number 2 had maximum ratio of circulation of 1.8 and it is tagged as the area that is highly prone to flood. The peak runoff in the sub-basins ranged between 330.10 and 924.86 m3/s (25-year return period) and for 100-year intervals ranged between 502.69 to 1408.40 m3/s. The estimated peak runoffs can be adopted for designing and constructing erosion control structures in the catchment area.
Solitary neurofibroma of the right lateral wall of the oropharynx
Authors: Foma Winga , Awesso Pani , P. Pegbessou Essobozou , Amana Bathokedeou
Published: October 2021

Solitary neurofibroma of the oropharynx is extremely rare. Imaging explorations may be necessary, but the diagnostic certainty is pathological. We report a case of benign tumour of the oropharynx in a 25-year-old woman who was seen for a consultation with dysphagia, a change in voice and dyspnea in the supine position. The excision was performed under general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation via the oropharyngeal route. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed neurofibroma. Although rare, solitary neurofibroma of the oropharynx should be considered in any benign tumour in the area.
Breast cancer treatment and outcomes at Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana
Authors: O. Okifo Fejiro , A. Tuoyire Derek , B. Appiah Anthony , Y. Debrah Samue , T. Morna Martin , B. Duda Rosemary
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study sought to determine the presentation, treatment and outcomes of breast cancer among women in Cape Coast, Ghana.Design: Retrospective medical record reviewSetting: Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, GhanaParticipants: Female breast cancer patientsInterventions: NoneMain outcome measures: Proportion of female breast cancer patients presenting with advanced disease.Results: Approximately 84% of women had a primary presentation of breast cancer, with metastatic disease present in 34% of patients. Surgical management mainly involved partial mastectomy (21.7%) and total mastectomy (78.6%), with the most common postoperative complications being surgical site infections (3.8%). Non-surgical management involved chemotherapy, radiation therapy and anti-estrogen therapy, with Stage 3 and 4 patients twofold more likely to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy than earlier stages (OR= 2.0 95% CI (1.4, 3.0, p<0.001). Grade 1 cancers were diagnosed in 11.0%, Grade 2 in 43.8%, and Grade 3 in 45.2%. The mean cancer size was 6.5 centimetres (range 1.5 to 20.0). Lymphatic vascular invasion was present in 59/125 (47.2%), estrogen receptor status was positive in 32.6%, progesterone receptors were positive in 22.1%, and Her-2/neu was positive in 32.6%. Triple-negative breast cancer was identified in 41/89 (46.1%).Conclusions: Women with breast cancer typically present to the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital with advanced stage disease and experience poor outcomes.
Continuous positive airway pressure in managing acute respiratory distress in children in district hospitals: evidence for scale-up
Authors: Baiden Frank , T Wilson Patrick
Published: October 2021

In children, acute respiratory distress (ARD) is a clinical presentation requiring emergency management, including mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilators are lacking in sub-Saharan Africa. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is an alternative form of non-invasive respiratory support that has been used in high-income countries for over four decades. Its use in sub-Saharan Africa is, however, limited and often restricted to neonates. Controlled trials in Ghana have shown that the use of CPAP in children younger aged 1-12 months reduces 2-week all-cause mortality from ARD by 60% (RR 0·40, 0·19–0·82; p=0·01). The absolute reduction in mortality of 4% implies one infant life saved for every 25 children treated with CPAP. This paper reviews the findings of the trials in Ghana andcontrasts the findings with those of trials in Bangladesh and Malawi. It makes the case that implementation research (rather than more controlled trials) is now needed to support the routine, safe and effective use of CPAP in managing ARD in older infants in district hospitals in Ghana.
Marbelization of the gallbladder, a variant of acute gangrenous cholecystitis
Authors: Burud Ismail , D. Tata Mahadevan , Selvaraja Kogaan , Y. El Hariri Sherreen
Published: October 2021

Cholelithiasis can present from a milder form of biliary colic to a more severe and complicated one like empyema gallbladder and a lesser-known variant of gangrenous gallbladder called marbleization of the gallbladder. The clinical signs and symptoms are similar to acute cholecystitis. Diabetes mellitus could have a role in the process of marbleization. Diagnosing marbleization of the gall bladder is not easy preoperatively. Computerized tomography is a better diagnostic modality when compared to laboratory investigations. Urgent cholecystectomy is the only option, and there is no role of conservative treatment. We report a case of a 36-year-old man with newly diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus diagnosed initially as acute cholecystitis and managed conservatively. He did not respond to treatment and hence underwent cholecystectomy and intraoperatively was found to have marbleization of the gall bladder.
Antimicrobial efficacy of non-fluoride toothpaste on isolated oral microbes – An in vitro study
Authors: Ogbeide Mike Eghosa , Adebowale Adedoyin Odunayo
Published: October 2021

Objective: To evaluate the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Non-Fluoride Toothpaste on Isolated Oral Microbes

Method: The antimicrobial activity of the non-fluoride toothpaste against isolated oral microbes was determined by dilution method at neat dilution, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16.

Results: Study results showed that Streptococcus spp was resistant while the maximum zone of inhibition was on Lactobacilli spp. It was also observed that zone of inhibition decreases with the increase in dilution except for Streptococcus spp.

Conclusion: This study revealed that while the non-fluoride toothpaste containing mainly triclosan and natural extract was significantly effective against most isolated oral microbes causing oral diseases it however, showed little or no effect against Streptococcus spp which is primarily involved in caries initiation.
Reasons and pattern of tooth extractions among 2-16 years old dental patients in Maiduguri: A retrospective study
Authors: Oromakinde Akinwumi Emmanuel , Ligali Taofeek Olalekan , Kwari Kanadi
Published: October 2021

Objective: The study aimed to determine the reasons and pattern of tooth extractions among 2-16 years old dental out-patients in Maiduguri.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional and retrospective. The study population consisted of children aged 2-16 years who had at least one tooth extracted over a period of two years at Child Dental Health Department of University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Ethical Committee. Record of patients seen from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrieved using a pro-forma. Information obtained included: patient’s age, gender, indication for the extraction and tooth extracted.

Results: A total of 340 teeth from two hundred and forty-four children were included in the study. 169 teeth from males and 171 teeth from females. The mean age of subjects was 8.76 ± 2.785years. Dental caries and complications was the leading reason for extraction (50%), followed by orthodontic reason, 129 (37.9%) and then trauma, 16 (4.7%). More primary teeth (311) were extracted than their permanent counterpart (29). The mandibular right first primary molar tooth was the tooth mostly extracted.

Conclusion: The study revealed that there is need for improved oral health awareness and oral health promotion to prevent early tooth mortality.
Obtaining the testimony of a minor during the pre-trial investigation
under the laws of Ukraine
Authors: Zarubei Viktoriia , Komarynska Yuliia , Babenko Andrii , Sukhomlyn Yuliia , Kononenko Nataliia
Published: October 2021

The scientific article, based on the provisions of the theory of criminal procedure, criminology, psychology, reveals the problems of obtaining the testimony of a minor during the pre-trial investigation according to the laws of Ukraine. It is noted that the method of obtaining testimony should be based on the age and procedural status of the minor, which requires a special approach considering the vulnerable state, social immaturity, and the risk of violation of the rights and freedoms of such persons. The study used general scientific methods to determine certain legal categories that characterize the interrogation procedure of a minor, as well as special methods. The practice of introducing "green rooms" in the field of criminal justice is recognized as promising, as the child's environment during relevant procedural actions is extremely important for establishing contact with the child. It is concluded that the lack of desirability of classifying a minor suspect as a subject for questioning in court during a pre-trial investigation is justified, as it would be contrary to the requirements of the law on the immediacy of the examination of evidence in court.
Political Extremism in Modern Democratic Transformations
Authors: Svoboda Ivo , Novakova Olena V. , Balatska Olena B. , Karchevska Olena V. , Tulinov Valentyn S.
Published: October 2021

Modern political transformations involve free choice of ideology, ability to communicate with society and maintenance of their political preferences. Political struggle often leads to radical action and political extremism. The aim of this study involved an analysis of political extremism that occurs in modern democracies, and identification of the main factors underlying the development of political extremism. The determinants of the political stability/extremism are analysed based on the algorithm of hierarchical clustering. It is proved that 26 European countries studied in the work can be grouped into four clusters, which are characterised by the number of parties of extremist ideology in the national parliaments of European countries; Elite Quality Index (EQx); the Freedom in the World Index; Political Stability and Absence of Violence Index, which is part of The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI). It is revealed that today ideological trends of authoritarian populism, conservatism and extremism are spreading in European countries. Cluster analysis has shown that the political extremism is influenced by the level of quality of national elites, the development of fundamental rights and freedoms, the political stability, and the absence of violence. Further research should focus on econometric simulation of factors shaping political extremism through economic development indicators.
Shares as an object of civil law regulation
Authors: Svirin Yury Alexandrovich , Artyukhov Eduard Eduardovich , Divin Igor Mikhaylovich , Sangadzhiev Badma Vladimirovich , Sorokin Vladislav Petrovich
Published: October 2021

The objective of the article was to analyze the actions as an object of civil law regulation. The market contributes to the accumulation of capital and its transformation into investment resources for the financing of the productive and social spheres, which improves the general well-being of the population. Meanwhile, the legal nature of the shares has not yet been clearly defined in Russian law and there is, consequently, a dichotomy in the choice of ways to protect the owners of securities, including shares. For the development of the research, methods such as synthesis, theoretical analysis, abstraction, deduction, induction, classification, comparative law, refutation were used. Based on the legal acts that regulate the stock market, a comprehensive study of the problems of legal regulation of the rotation of shares is carried out, to determine the prospects for development and ways to improve the legal regulation of shares, as well as to look for ways to protect the rights of securities holders. Among the most significant results, the legal nature of the action was revealed, the meaning of categories such as: document, security and action was cleared, and the definition of action was formulated.
Smuggling or violation of customs rules: actual questions of application of administrative and criminal liability
Authors: Pidgorodynskyi Vadym , Kamensky Dmitriy , Bolokan Inna , Makarenko Tamara , Samilo Hanna
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the peculiarities of the application of legal liability for commercial contraband in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine. In particular, the authors of the article investigate the feasibility of criminalization of the smuggling of a wide range of goods, and not only withdrawn from the circulation of things and forests, as recorded in the Criminal Code of Ukraine at this moment. In addition to a thorough analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine, the authors carried out a comparative analysis of Ukrainian legislation with the legislation of foreign countries, which helped to objectively assess the state of the studied issues in Ukraine. The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods, among which the methods of analysis and synthesis should be noted, as well as special-legal methods, among which it is necessary to distinguish system-functional, and comparative methods. As a result of the study, the authors concluded that the criminalization of commercial smuggling (in connection with additional corruption risks and an increase in law enforcement agencies) is inappropriate. Thus, it is proposed to leave the current legislation of Ukraine in the investigational sphere in the current state and do not make any changes to it.
Determination Of Silver In Geological Samples Using Aerosol Dilution ICP-MS After Water-Bath Extraction With Inverse Aqua Regia
Authors: Wu Yan
Published: October 2021

A valid method for trace silver (Ag) detection in geological samples was developed in this study using aerosol dilution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry after extraction with inverse aqua regia. This was proposed primarily to reduce the interference from Nb and Zr during mass spectrometric measurements. Almost 93% of Nb and Zr was removed after the extraction. By mixing an appropriate amount of Ar with the sample aerosol using an aerosol dilution system prior to plasma, the residual Nb oxides and Zr oxides or hydroxides could be successfully removed. The relative yields of the interfering oxides and hydroxides were as low as 0.087% (NbO/Nb) and 0.013% (ZrOH/Zr), which were 3–5 times lower than those in the traditional mode without the addition of Ar. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio of Ag was five times higher than that in the traditional mode. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Ag in 68 standard reference materials (SRMs) of soil, sediment, and rock. The results for 47 of these geological SRMs were in good agreement with the reference values. The Ag levels in three SRMs (GSP-2 Granodiorite, STM-2, and SGR-1b) are being reported for the first time herein. For these SRMs, 10 separate aliquots of the sample were digested and analyzed over a period of three months, and analysis revealed that the determined values were reasonable. Thus, the proposed method shows significant potential for the accurate determination of trace Ag in various geological samples.
Analisis Efektivitas Sosialisasi Perpajakan dan Pengetahuan Perpajakan dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak pada KPP Madya Sidoarjo
Authors: Inaiyah Nur Lailiyatul , Hidayati Kusni , Brillianty A Nabila Almas
Published: October 2021

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas sosialisasi perpajakan dan pengetahuan perpajakan berpengaruh efektif dalam rangka  meningkatkan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Sosialisasi perpajakan yang dilaksanakan oleh KPP Madya Sidoarjo menunjukkan pengaruh efektif untuk  meningkatkan pengetahuan Wajib Pajak dapat menambah pengetahuan dasar pajak serta meningkat kepatuhan dalam diri Wajib Pajak terhadap peraturan pajak yang ditetapkan KPP Madya Sidoarjo. Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dapat dilihat dari seberapa patuh Wajib Pajak saat menyampaikan SPT.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kesadaran, Pengetahuan dan Pemahaman Pajak, Pelayanan Fiskus terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak (Studi Empiris pada Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi yang Terdaftar di KPP Pratama Bojonegoro)
Authors: Saadah Laila Ulfaatus
Published: October 2021

Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh  tingkat  kesadaran, pengetahuan dan pemahaman pajak, pelayanan fiskus terhadap kepatuhan Wajib Pajak orang pribadi di KPP Pratama Bojonegoro. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini apakah pengaruh variabel X dan Y sama-sama berpengaruh secara positif. Hasil penelitian bermanfaat bagi pihak yang berkepentingan yaitu KPP pratama Bojonegoro khususnya pada Wajib Pajak untuk lebih memenuhi Kepatuhan Pajaknya. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Random sampling  yaitu  dengan  populasi  Wajib  Pajak sebanyak  86.034  dan  diambil  sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 Wajib Pajak dari rumus slovin. Instrument penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan diuji dengan validitas, reliabilitas, analisis regresi, koefisien determinasi dan uji hipotesis (uji t) dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil penngujian dari uji t diperoleh bahwa: Tingkat Kesadaran (X1), Pengetahuan dan Pemahaman Pajak (X2), dan Pelayanan Fiskus (X3), berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan Wajib Pajak orang pribadi (Y).
Analisis Penerapan Biaya Kualitas untuk Meningkatkan Profitabilitas pada PT. Veloxa Viggo Inti Teknologi di Surabaya
Authors: Anatasya Lia , Rahman Arief , Mahsina Mahsina
Published: October 2021

PT. Veloxa Viggo Inti Teknologi adalah salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang teknologi. Berdasarkan observasi pada tahun 2020 terjadi adanya perbaikan kualitas akan produk dan kualitas PT Veloxa Viggo Inti Teknologi. Tujuannya untuk menganalisis penerapan biaya kualitas dalam rangka meningkatkan profitabilitas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan data yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan. Untuk mengetahui biaya apa saja yang telah dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan dengan menentukan tingkat kualitas produknya yang meliputi kinerja, kehandalan, kesesuaian dengan spesifikasi, pelayanan dan persepsi kualitas. Suatu produk dapat dikatakan memiliki kualitas yang baik jika terdapat tingkatan kualitas produk tersebut. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan pada tahun 2019 total biaya kualitas sebesar 74,3 juta dan tingkat profitabilitas sebesar 35.26%, sedangkan pada tahun 2020 total biaya kualitas sebesar 83.5 juta dan  tingkat  profitabilitas  89.92%.  Saran  yang  dapat  disampaikan peneliti untuk PT. Veloxa Viggo Inti Teknologi adalah perusahaan mengevaluasi kembali biaya kualitas terhadap profitabilitas pada setiap penurunan kualitas produk.
Design and Development of an E-Commerce Management System: State of Places
Authors:   Research team in Computer Science and University Pedagogical Engineering (S2IPU) Normal School of Tetouan, Abdel Malek Essaadi University-Morocco, Bailoul Youssef
Published: October 2021

In this work, we are interested in exchange relations and in particular e-mailing. Our goal is to provide a research methodology for the design and development of an e-commerce management system based on e-mailing. Thus, we define the e-commerce concept by providing a historical overview and by defining the different varieties of seller-buyer relationships and comparing it to the e-business concept. Then, we define the basic concepts of e-mailing, the benefits of a quality e-mailing, then we define the e-mailing software and their characteristics by proposing software examples. Finally, we propose a research methodology for the design and development of an e-commerce management system.