bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep sea explosive eruptions may be not so different from subaerial eruptions
Authors: Iezzi Gianluca , Lanzafame Gabriele , Mancini Lucia , Behrens Harald , Tamburrino Stella , Vallefuoco Mattia , Passaro Salvatore , Signanini Patrizio , Ventura Guido
Published: April 2020

The dynamics of deep sea explosive eruptions, the dispersion of the pyroclasts, and how submarine eruptions differ from the subaerial ones are still poorly known due to the limited access to sea environments. Here, we analyze two ash layers representative of the proximal and distal deposits of two submarine eruptions from a 500 to 800 m deep cones of the Marsili Seamount (Italy). Fall deposits occur at a distance of more than 1.5 km from the vent, while volcanoclastic flows are close to the flanks of the cone. Ash shows textures indicative of poor magma-water interaction and a gas-rich environment. X-ray microtomography data on ash morphology and bubbles, along with gas solubility and ash dispersion models suggest 200–400 m high eruptive columns and a sea current velocity <5 cm/s. In deep sea environments, Strombolian-like eruptions are similar to the subaerial ones provided that a gas cloud occurs around the vent.
Application of in vivo solid phase microextraction (SPME) in capturing metabolome of apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) fruit
Authors: Risticevic Sanja , Souza-Silva Erica A. , Gionfriddo Emanuela , DeEll Jennifer R. , Cochran Jack , Hopkins W. Scott , Pawliszyn Janusz
Published: April 2020

An in vivo direct-immersion SPME sampling coupled to comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography – time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-ToFMS) was employed to capture real-time changes in the metabolome of ‘Honeycrisp’ apples during ripening on the tree. This novel sampling approach was successful in acquiring a broad metabolic fingerprint, capturing unique metabolites and detecting changes in metabolic profiles associated with fruit maturation. Several metabolites and chemical classes, including volatile esters, phenylpropanoid metabolites, 1-octen-3-ol, hexanal, and (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadienal were found to be up-regulated in response to fruit maturation. For the first time, Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, metabolites with important biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-parasitic, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, were detected in apples. Considering the elimination of oxidative degradation mechanisms that adversely impact the representativeness of metabolome obtained ex vivo, and further evidence that lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway contributes to volatile production in intact fruit, in vivo DI-SPME represents an attractive approach for global plant metabolite studies.
The protein Deleted in Breast Cancer-1 (DBC1) regulates vascular response and formation of aortic dissection during Angiotensin II infusion
Authors: Colman Laura , Caggiani Maria , Leyva Alejandro , Bresque Mariana , Liechocki Sally , Maya-Monteiro Clarissa M. , Mazal Daniel , Batthyany Carlos , Calliari Aldo , Contreras Paola , Escande Carlos
Published: April 2020

Cardiovascular diseases are among the main causes of morbimortality in the adult population. Among them, hypertension is a leading cause for stroke, heart disease and kidney failure. Also, as a result of arterial wall weakness, hypertension can lead to the development of dissecting aortic aneurysms, a rare but often fatal condition if not readily treated. In this work, we investigated the role of DBC1 in the regulation of vascular function in an ANGII-induced hypertension mouse model. We found that WT and DBC1 KO mice developed hypertension in response to ANGII infusion. However, DBC1 KO mice showed increased susceptibility to develop aortic dissections. The effect was accompanied by upregulation of vascular remodeling factors, including MMP9 and also VEGF. Consistent with this, we found decreased collagen deposition and elastic fiber fragmentation, suggesting that increased expression of MMPs in DBC1 KO mice weakens the arterial wall, promoting the formation of aortic dissections during treatment with ANGII. Finally, DBC1 KO mice had reduced cell proliferation in the intima-media layer in response to ANGII, paralleled with an impairment to increase wall thickness in response to hypertension. Furthermore, VSMC purified from DBC1 KO mice showed impaired capacity to leave quiescence, confirming the in vivo results. Altogether, our results show for the first time that DBC1 regulates vascular response and function during hypertension and protects against vascular injury. This work also brings novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the development of aortic dissections.
Author Correction: Thermal equation of state of ruthenium characterized by resistively heated diamond anvil cell
Authors: Anzellini Simone , Errandonea Daniel , Cazorla Claudio , MacLeod Simon , Monteseguro Virginia , Boccato Silvia , Bandiello Enrico , Anichtchenko Daniel Diaz , Popescu Catalin , Beavers Christine M.
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Impact of Hemoglobin Levels and Their Dynamic Changes on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Lim Woo-Hyun , Choi Eue-Keun , Han Kyung-Do , Lee So-Ryoung , Cha Myung-Jin , Oh Seil
Published: April 2020

Anemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but its impact on new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of hemoglobin (Hb) levels and their changes on the risk of AF development in the general population of Korea. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database and identified 9,686,314 subjects (49.8% male) without a history of AF, aged ≥40 years, and with Hb levels available for both first (2009–2010) and second (2011–2012) health checkups. These subjects were followed up until 2017 to determine AF development. The presence of anemia (Hb level <13 g/dL in men and <12 g/dL in women) was a significant risk factor for AF development. However, Hb levels showed a U-shaped association with incident AF after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. AF incidence was lowest at Hb levels of 14–14.9 g/dL in men and 12–12.9 g/dL in women. Among individuals with Hb levels within normal ranges (13–15.9 g/dL in men and 12–14.9 g/dL in women), both decrease and increase in Hb levels at the second measurement outside the normal ranges showed an elevation of AF risk by 11% and 21% for men and 3% and 36% for women, respectively, compared with those who maintained normal Hb levels. In conclusion, low or high Hb levels are associated with an increased risk of incident AF. This study suggests that maintaining Hb levels within the normal ranges confers a low risk of AF development.
Gas6 expression is reduced in advanced breast cancers
Authors: Ibrahim Ayman M. , Gray Zane , Gomes Angelica M. , Myers Leann , Behbod Fariba , Machado Heather L.
Published: April 2020

Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6) is a cytokine that binds to receptor tyrosine kinases Tyro3, Axl, and Mer. Numerous studies have suggested that macrophage-derived Gas6 interacts with Axl to promote cancer progression, and Axl has been associated with poor clinical outcome. However, the expression and relevance of Gas6 in human breast cancer patients has not been studied. Analysis of tissue microarrays showed that Gas6 was highly expressed in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) but markedly decreased in invasive breast cancer. Gas6 and Axl were weakly correlated, suggesting that their functions may not exclusively rely on each other. Analyses of publicly available databases showed significantly improved overall and relapse-free survival in patients with high Gas6 mRNA, particularly in luminal A breast cancers. These findings indicate that tumor-derived Gas6 is not overexpressed in invasive breast cancer, and may not be a negative prognostic factor in human breast cancer.
Time-resolving the ultrafast H2 roaming chemistry and H3+ formation using extreme-ultraviolet pulses
Authors: Livshits Ester , Luzon Itamar , Gope Krishnendu , Baer Roi , Strasser Daniel
Published: April 2020

The time scales and formation mechanisms of tri-hydrogen cation products in organic molecule ionization processes are poorly understood, despite their cardinal role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium and in other chemical systems. Using an ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet pump and time-resolved near-IR probe, combined with high-level ab initio molecular dynamics calculations, here we report unambiguously that H3+ formation in double-ionization of methanol occurs on a sub 100 fs time scale, settling previous conflicting findings of strong-field Coulomb explosion experiments. Our combined experimental–computational studies suggest that ultrafast competition, between proton-transfer and long-range electron-transfer processes, determines whether the roaming neutral H2 dynamics on the dication result in $${\mathrm{H}}_3^ +$$

H

3

+

or $${\mathrm{H}}_2^ +$$

H

2

+

fragments respectively.
Akebia trifoliata pericarp extract ameliorates inflammation through NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways and modifies gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Xiaoya , Yu Ningxiang , Wang Zhongliang , Qiu Tingting , Jiang Li , Zhu Xuemei , Sun Yong , Xiong Hua
Published: April 2020

Akebia trifoliata fruits, a kind of popular edible berry in Asia, are widely consumed as daily fruits or functional foods.
Unravelling the fibrillation mechanism of ovalbumin in the presence of mercury at its isoelectric pH
Authors: Mathew Manjumol , Aravindakumar Charuvila T. , Aravind Usha K.
Published: April 2020

Mercuric chloride triggered ovalbumin aggregation pathway and its resemblance to Nephila clavipes.
A simple and rapid method for blood plasma separation driven by capillary force with an application in protein detection
Authors: Gao Qingxue , Chang Yongjia , Deng Qingmei , You Hui
Published: April 2020

Blood plasma separation is a vital sample pre-treatment procedure for microfluidic devices in blood diagnostics, and it requires reliability and speediness.
Neutral binary chalcogen–nitrogen and ternary S,N,P molecules: new structures, bonding insights and potential applications
Authors: Chivers Tristram , Laitinen Risto S.
Published: April 2020

This perspective evaluates the results of recent investigations of binary chalcogen–nitrogen molecules, especially nitrogen-rich systems, with a focus of new structures, bonding insights and applications.
Accurate computed spin-state energetics for Co(iii) complexes: implications for modelling homogeneous catalysis
Authors: Neale Samuel E. , Pantazis Dimitrios A. , Macgregor Stuart A.
Published: April 2020

DLPNO-CCSD(T) calculations provide accurate spin state energetics for a range of Co(iii) complexes and so represent a promising approach to modelling homogeneous catalysis based on Co(iii) species.
Synthesis and characterization of guanidinate tin(ii) complexes for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
Authors: Ungpittagul Thasanaporn , Wongmahasirikun Phonpimon , Phomphrai Khamphee
Published: April 2020

Tin(ii) complexes suported by guanidinate ligands have been synthesized and shown to polymerize lactide and ε-caprolactone to cyclic polyesters.
Dietary supplementation with polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Pozao intervenes in immune response via regulating peripheral immunity and intestinal barrier function in cyclophosphamide-induced mice
Authors: Han Xue , Bai Bingyao , Zhou Qian , Niu Jiahui , Yuan Jing , Zhang Huifang , Jia Jinyu , Zhao Wen , Chen Hong
Published: April 2020

Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Pozao has been consumed as a traditional fruit with regional characteristics in China for a long time; however, fewer studies on polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Pozao (JP) have been documented.
Pedro Ximenez sun-dried grape must: a dietary supplement for a healthy longevity
Authors: Morales-Prieto Noelia , Huertas-Abril Paula V. , López de Lerma Nieves , Pacheco Isabel. L. , Pérez José , Peinado Rafael , Abril Nieves
Published: April 2020

Sun-dried Pedro Ximénez white grapes must (PXM) is a potent antioxidant that regularizes apoptosis, proliferation, and regeneration of the structure and the function of aged mice liver. PXM consumption contributes to a healthy aging process.
Proteomic analysis of the S. cerevisiae response to the anticancer ruthenium complex KP1019
Authors: Stultz Laura K , Hunsucker Alexandra , Middleton Sydney , Grovenstein Evan , O’Leary Jacob , Blatt Eliot , Miller Mary , Mobley James , Hanson Pamela K
Published: April 2020

Like platinum-based chemotherapeutics, the anticancer ruthenium complex indazolium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(iii)], or KP1019, damages DNA, induces apoptosis, and causes tumor regression in animal models. Unlike platinum-based drugs, KP1019 showed no dose-limiting toxicity in a phase I clinical trial. Despite these advances, the mechanism(s) and target(s) of KP1019 remain unclear. For example, the drug may damage DNA directly or by causing oxidative stress. Likewise, KP1019 binds cytosolic proteins, suggesting DNA is not the sole target. Here we use the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model in a proteomic study of the cellular response to KP1019. Mapping protein level changes onto metabolic pathways revealed patterns consistent with elevated synthesis and/or cycling of the antioxidant glutathione, suggesting KP1019 induces oxidative stress. This result was supported by increased fluorescence of the redox-sensitive dye DCFH-DA and increased KP1019 sensitivity of yeast lacking Yap1, a master regulator of the oxidative stress response. In addition to oxidative and DNA stress, bioinformatic analysis revealed drug-dependent increases in proteins involved ribosome biogenesis, translation, and protein (re)folding. Consistent with proteotoxic effects, KP1019 increased expression of a heat-shock element (HSE) lacZ reporter. KP1019 pre-treatment also sensitized yeast to oxaliplatin, paralleling prior research showing that cancer cell lines with elevated levels of translation machinery are hypersensitive to oxaliplatin. Combined, these data suggest that one of KP1019’s many targets may be protein metabolism, which opens up intriguing possibilities for combination therapy.
Design, synthesis and structure of a frustrated benzoxaborole and its applications in the complexation of amines, amino acids, and protein modification
Authors: Bhangu Jasmine , Whittal Randy M. , Hall Dennis G.
Published: April 2020

Design and synthesis of arylboronic acid 2, the first example of a permanently open “frustrated” benzoxaborole, is described along with an exploration of its application in the complexation of amines and amino acids, and protein modification.
Fluoro-alkyl substituted isothianaphthene bisimides as stable n-type semiconductors
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Zhang Dongwei , He Yaowu , Ali Muhammad Umair , Wu Yuting , Zhao Changbin , Wu Peiheng , Yan Chaoyi , Wudl Fred , Meng Hong
Published: April 2020

Two fluoro-alkyl substituted isothianaphthene bisimide materials with high solubility and their applications in stable n-type OTFTs are demonstrated.
Raspberry-like Pd3Pb alloy nanoparticles: superior electrocatalytic activity for ethylene glycol and glycerol oxidation
Authors: Duan Yujie , Liu Zhelin , Zhao Bo , Liu Jinghai
Published: April 2020

Raspberry-like Pd3Pb nanoparticles are prepared and employed as electrocatalyst towards ethylene glycol and glycerol oxidation.
Reasons for enhanced activity of doxorubicin on co-delivery with octa(3-aminopropyl)silsesquioxane
Authors: Piorecka Kinga , Kurjata Jan , Bak-Sypien Irena , Cypryk Marek , Steinke Urszula , Stanczyk Wlodzimierz A.
Published: April 2020

The interaction between polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and doxorubicin, leading to formation of active complexes involving POSS functional aminopropyl groups and anthracycline functional groups.
Anisotropic mineralized collagen scaffolds accelerate osteogenic response in a glycosaminoglycan-dependent fashion
Authors: Dewey Marley J. , Nosatov Andrey V. , Subedi Kiran , Harley Brendan
Published: April 2020

Mineralized collagen scaffolds were modified to include anisotropic pore architecture and one of three glycosaminoglycans in order to improve bone mineral formationin vitro.
Bandgap engineering of few-layered MoS2 with low concentrations of S vacancies
Authors: He Wen , Shi Jia , Zhao Hongkang , Wang Hui , Liu Xinfeng , Shi Xinghua
Published: April 2020

Band-gap engineering of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) by introducing vacancies is of particular interest owing to the potential optoelectronic applications.
KOH activation of coal-derived microporous carbons for oxygen reduction and supercapacitors
Authors: Guo Shaokui , Guo Beibei , Ma Ruguang , Zhu Yufang , Wang Jiacheng
Published: April 2020

Porous carbons (PCs) with high specific surface areas were prepared using natural coal as precursor coupled with KOH activation, showing great potential as electrode materials for oxygen reduction and supercapacitors.
Synthesis of hierarchically mesoporous silica with encapsulated avobenzone as a UV protection filter
Authors: Wang Wei-Hsun , Liang Hsin-Tung , Yang-Wang Yuan-Ting , Shih Chi-Jen
Published: April 2020

This study provides a preparing method for mesoporous silica to effectively encapsulate with avobenzone.
A new Bi2MoO6 nano-tremella-based electrochemical immunosensor for the sensitive detection of a carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Wang Zhongmin , Tian Xinli , Sun Dong , Cao Penghui , Ding Mengkui , Li Yuhao , Guo Ning , Ouyang Ruizhuo , Miao Yuqing
Published: April 2020

Novel Bi2MoO6 nanohybrids with a tremella-like structure modified with gold nanoparticles were used to fabricate an electrochemical immunosensing platform of CEA.
The role of interaction between low molecular weight neutral organic compounds and a polyamide RO membrane in the rejection mechanism
Authors: Zhang Muxue , Breitner Lauren , Howe Kerry J. , Minakata Daisuke
Published: April 2020

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a membrane technology that separates dissolved species from water.
Novel nicotinoid structures for covalent modification of wood: an environmentally friendly way for its protection against insects
Authors: Söftje Martin , Acker Sophie , Plarre Rudy , Namyslo Jan C. , Kaufmann Dieter E.
Published: April 2020

A novel and eco-friendly procedure for durable wood protection applying covalently bound organic insecticides is presented. Biological tests confirmed the effectiveness of the method, which also reduces the environmental impact.
Three-dimensional cell printing of gingival fibroblast/acellular dermal matrix/gelatin–sodium alginate scaffolds and their biocompatibility evaluationin vitro
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Qing , Yang Qiaolin , Zhang Shihan , Lin Chunping , Zhang Guifeng , Tang Zhihui
Published: April 2020

3D cell printing of gingival fibroblast/acellular dermal matrix/gelatin–sodium alginate scaffolds showed satisfactory biological properties.
Ferroelectric performance of nylons 6-12, 10-12, 11-12, and 12-12
Authors: Yanaka Ayumi , Sakai Wataru , Kinashi Kenji , Tsutsumi Naoto
Published: April 2020

Nylons have great potential for electrical applications requiring high polarizability and low dielectric loss.
Introducing chirality in halogenated 3-arylsydnones and their corresponding 1-arylpyrazoles obtained by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition
Authors: Popa Marcel Mirel , Shova Sergiu , Hrubaru Madalina , Barbu Loredana , Draghici Constantin , Dumitrascu Florea , Dumitrescu Denisa E.
Published: April 2020

New 1-arylpyrazoles substituted with halogen atoms (Br, I) were synthesized from the corresponding sydnones by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.
Multi-step hydration/dehydration mechanisms of rhombohedral Y2(SO4)3: a candidate material for low-temperature thermochemical heat storage
Authors: Shizume Kunihiko , Hatada Naoyuki , Yasui Shoko , Uda Tetsuya
Published: April 2020

To evaluate rhombohedral Y2(SO4)3 as a new potential material for low-temperature thermochemical energy storage, its thermal behavior, phase changes, and hydration/dehydration reaction mechanisms are investigated.
Photo-responsive azobenzene interactions promote hierarchical self-assembly of collagen triple-helical peptides to various higher-order structures
Authors: Higashi Nobuyuki , Yoshikawa Ryo , Koga Tomoyuki
Published: April 2020

Collagen is an essential structural protein in animal tissues and plays key roles in cellular modulation.
Redox deracemization of β,γ-alkynyl α-amino esters
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zhu Rongxiu , Feng Aili , Zhao Changyin , Chen Lei , Feng Guidong , Liu Lei
Published: April 2020

A one-pot deracemization of β,γ-alkynyl α-amino esters consisting of an aerobic oxidation and chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation has been described.
pH-Responsive Au(i)-disulfide nanoparticles with tunable aggregation-induced emission for monitoring intragastric acidity
Authors: Wang Jianxing , Li Jie , Li Ying , Zhang Zhijun , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Su Lei , Zhang Xueji , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: April 2020

The water-stable and pH-responsive Au(i)-disulfide NPs serve as a luminescent probe for monitoring intragastric acidity in an acid-suppressed therapy.
Programmable synthesis of multiply arylated cubanes through C–H metalation and arylation
Authors: Okude Ryo , Mori Genki , Yagi Akiko , Itami Kenichiro
Published: April 2020

Cubane has attracted attention due to its unique 3D structure. Herein, we report the programmable synthesis of multiply arylated cubanes. The developed reaction allows the late-stage and regioselective installation of aryl groups.
A scalable and biomimetic approach for TiO2 deposition: enabling water splitting by nanostructured WO3 in neutral media as an example
Authors: Lai Yi-Hsuan , Lai Yu-Ju , Yen Chen-Yang , Chuang Ping-Chang
Published: April 2020

A conformal TiO2 thin layer prepared by a simple biomimetic approach protects WO3 from chemical dissolution at neutral pH.
Mix and match—a versatile equilibrium approach for hybrid colloidal synthesis
Authors: Ben Zion Matan Yah , Caba Yaelin , Sha Ruojie , Seeman Nadrian C. , Chaikin Paul M.
Published: April 2020

We outline a simple yet general equilibrium technique for a scalable, high-purity, hybrid-colloidal synthesis with controlled valency. The method is applicable for liquid and solid particles and to a range of particle interactions.
Output feedback robust stabilisation for uncertain non‐linear systems with dead‐zone input
Authors: Jia Xianglei , Xu Shengyuan , Zhang Zhengqiang , Cui Guozeng
Published: April 2020

This study considers the output feedback robust stabilisation problem of non‐linear systems with actuator non‐symmetric dead zone and uncertain non‐linearities including unmeasured states. Instead of constructing the dead‐zone inverse, a robust control scheme is proposed. In particular, an input‐driven observer is constructed, which uses the scaling gain to dominate non‐linear terms. Based on non‐separation principle and backstepping method, a time‐varying and smooth output feedback controller is obtained to ensure that the resulting closed‐loop systems are globally asymptotically stable. Also, the control scheme is generalised to more general non‐linear systems in a lower triangular form. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the authors' results.
Acceleration of multi‐task cascaded convolutional networks
Authors: Ma Long‐Hua , Fan Hang‐Yu , Lu Zhe‐Ming , Tian Dong
Published: April 2020

Multi‐task cascaded convolutional neural network (MTCNN) is a human face detection architecture which uses a cascaded structure with three stages (P‐Net, R‐Net and O‐Net). The authors intend to reduce the computation time of the whole process of the MTCNN. They find that the non‐maximum suppression (NMS) processes after the P‐Net occupy over half of the computation time. Therefore, the authors propose a self‐fine‐tuning method which makes the control of computation time for the NMS process easier. Self‐fine‐tuning is a training trick which uses hard samples generated by P‐Net to retrain P‐Net. After self‐fine‐tuning, the distribution of human face probabilities generated by P‐Net is changed, and the tail of distribution becomes thinner. The control of the number of NMS input boxes can be made easier when the distribution has a thinner tail, and choosing a suitable threshold to filter the face boxes will generate less boxes. So the computation time can be reduced. In order to keep the performance of MTCNN, the authors still propose a landmark data set augmentation, which can enhance the performance of the self‐fine‐tuned MTCNN. From the experiments, it is found that the proposed scheme can significantly reduce the computation time of MTCNN.
Rehabilitation bei Adipositas
Authors: Herrmann Klaus
Published: April 2020

Menschen mit Adipositas leiden gehäuft unter psychischen
Komorbiditäten. Diese können unbehandelt den langfristigen
Rehabilitationserfolg gefährden. Sie bedürfen einer
gezielten Diagnostik und Therapieplanung.
Medizinsystem Homöopathie
Authors: Bleul Gerhard
Published: April 2020

Die Geschichte der Homöopathie war von Beginn an von Kontroversen geprägt. Immer wieder wurden ihre Lehren und ihre Vertreter angegriffen, aber immer wieder gab es auch große Fortschritte in der Entwicklung und der Akzeptanz. Die größten Unterstützer hat die Homöopathie immer unter den Patienten, denen sie geholfen hat und die durch eigene Erfahrung von ihrer Wirkung überzeugt sind. Die Methode ist integraler Bestandteil der gesamten Medizin, weltweit verbreitet und in ihrer Anwendung sehr erfolgreich. Der Beitrag beschreibt die historischen Grundlagen der Homöopathie anhand Hahnemanns „Organon der Heilkunst“, und Fallbeispiele aus der Praxis zeigen ihr breites Anwendungsspektrum.
Untargeted Metabolomics Profiling and Global Semi-quantitation of a
Prescription Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula Yinqiaosan Using UPLC-QTOF-MS with
a Single Exogenous Reference Internal Standard
Authors: Shu Yachun , Mannem Chandana , Xu Gang , Gorityala Shashank , Liu Xiao , Xu Yan
Published: April 2020

Yinqiaosan is a classic Chinese herbal medicine formula that has been
used to treat various bacterial and viral infections by Chinese medicine doctors
for over two centuries. In this work, we developed a comprehensive qualitative
and quantitative method for identification, quantitation, and quality assessment
of chemical constituents of Yinqiaosan formula in four different preparation
forms (i.e., decoction, granule, pill, and tablet), which employed
ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass
spectrometry with a single exogenous reference internal standard for untargeted
metabolomics profiling and global semiquantitative analysis. The use of a single
exogenous reference internal standard permitted not only qualitative and
quantitative analyses of multiple herbal components in a single instrument run,
but also cross-comparison of chemical contents in between all four Yinqiaosan
preparation forms. The acquired mass chromatograms were analyzed, quantitated,
and compared using multivariate data analysis for similarities and differences
of chemical constituents in four Yinqiaosan preparation forms. For the first
time, we were able to identify over 100 chemical constituents from each
preparation form using the available database. Among the 49 commonly identified
compounds in the 4 Yinqiaosan preparation forms, 16 have been reported to have
pharmacological activities, which may be used in a network pharmacology study of
Yinqiaosan for exploring the underlying mechanism of the herbal formula.
Ayurveda – alte Heilkunde und modernes Medizinsystem
Authors: Chopra Ananda Samir
Published: April 2020

Ayurveda ist eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Heilkunde und Gesundheitslehre, die auf eine rund 2000-jährige Tradition zurückblickt. In Indien ist Ayurveda ein öffentlich anerkanntes Medizinsystem, international wird er meist als komplementäre Medizin praktiziert und erforscht. In diesem Beitrag werden einige grundlegende Aspekte der ayurvedischen Wissenschaft vor allem in Bezug auf Diagnose und Therapie vorgestellt, und eine Kasuistik illustriert beispielhaft die klinische Anwendung von Ayurveda in Deutschland.
Oseltamivir and S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine Combination as Effective
Therapeutic Strategy for Suppression of Oxidative Damage in Lung Caused by
Influenza Virus Infection in Mice
Authors: Mileva Milka , Dimitrova Adriana , Krastev Dimo , Alexandrova Albena , Tsvetanova Elina , Georgieva Almira , Galabov Angel
Published: April 2020

Background and objectives The pathogenesis of influenza infection is
associated with two general processes in the body: (a) lung damage based on
virus replication; (b) overproduction of free radicals, antioxidant
deficiency, and development of oxidative stress. To attack these aspects of
flu pathogenesis, we explored the combined effect of the antiviral agent
oseltamivir, and s-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) as a precursor of the
endogenous antioxidant glutathione, in mice infected with influenza
virus.

Methods After inoculation of albino mice with 10 MLD50 of influenza
virus A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), oseltamivir was applied
twice a day, for five days post-infection in doses of 1.25 and 2.5
mg/kg. SAM was administered once a day for 10 days, starting 5 days
before infection in doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg.

Results Monotherapy with SAM did not influence the markers of
oxidative stress in the lung. Combination of SAM 50 mg/kg and
oseltamivir 2.5 mg/kg affected best the virological parameters -
viral titer, protection index, and mean survival time, as well as the
biochemical markers of oxidative stress.

Interpretation and conclusions Combining of SAM and oseltamivir in a
dose of 1/4 of optimal therapeutic could be considered as a
perspective therapy of influenza viral infection.
Utility of laser-cut covered self-expandable metal stents for unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction: a single-center experience
Authors: Marui Saiko , Uza Norimitsu , Yamazaki Hajime , Ota Sakiko , Nakamura Takeharu , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Okada Hirokazu , Hirano Tomonori , Kuwada Takeshi , Sogabe Yuko , Tomono Teruko , Matsumori Tomoaki , Morita Toshihiro , Nishikawa Yoshihiro , Tsuda Motoyuki , Maruno Takahisa , Shiokawa Masahiro , Kodama Yuzo , Seno Hiroshi
Published: April 2020

Background Few reports have evaluated the effectiveness of laser-cut, covered, self-expandable metal stents (LC-CSEMS) for unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO) and whether reintervention is feasible after placement. We describe our experience with LC-CSEMS placement for unresectable MDBO.

Methods Patients undergoing LC-CSEMS placement for unresectable MDBO from November 2014 to December 2018 were reviewed. Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), median time to RBO (TRBO), and reintervention were analyzed.

Results 52 patients who underwent LC-CSEMS placement for unresectable MDBO were included in the analysis. The RBO rate was 15 % and the median TRBO was 445 days. Reintervention was attempted in nine patients and stent removal was successful in eight patients.

Conclusions Our experience suggests the effectiveness of LC-CSEMS in patients with unresectable MDBO in terms of stent patency and feasibility of reintervention.
Outcome after Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy and Modified Maquet Procedure in Dogs with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture
Authors: Knebel Julia , Eberle Daniela , Steigmeier-Raith Stephanie , Reese Sven , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea
Published: April 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to compare outcomes after tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) and modified Maquet procedure (MMP) for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) in dogs using clinical and radiographic evaluation and treadmill-based force plate gait analysis.

Study Design This study was a prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Materials and Methods Sixty-one dogs (76 joints) with CCLR were treated with TPLO (n = 30 dogs, 41 joints) or MMP (n = 31 dogs, 35 joints) and compared with a control group of 16 healthy Labrador Retrievers. Outcomes after surgery were compared by clinical orthopaedic assessment, radiographic evaluation and force plate gait analysis performed preoperatively, and then at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. For objective comparison of ground reaction forces, the data were compared with the control group. Major complications were reported.

Results A significant improvement in ground reaction forces was reached in all surgically treated dogs. No significant difference was found between the surgical methods at any postoperative re-examination. With regard to peak vertical force (PVF), there were significantly more patients with TPLO within the reference range of healthy dogs at the 3 months re-examination than dogs with MMP. There was no significant difference in mean value comparisons between TPLO and control groups 6 months postoperatively. Compared with the control group, mean values of 93.9% (PVF) and 85.9% (vertical impulse [VI]) were reached by the TPLO group and 89.4% (PVF) and 79.9% (VI) by the MMP group, 6 months postoperatively.

No significant differences were found regarding major complications or progression of osteoarthritis.

Conclusions Although no significant differences were found between the surgical methods, TPLO patients showed superiority with regard to clinical outcome.
Neural Recovery Function of the Auditory Nerve in Cochlear Implant Surgery: Comparison between Prelingual and Postlingual Patients
Authors: Carvalho Bettina , Wiemes Gislaine Richter Minhoto , Patrial Netto Luiz , Hamerschmidt Rogerio
Published: April 2020

Introduction Cochlear implants (CIs) enable objective measures of the neural function in implanted patients through the measurements of the neural response telemetry (NRT) and of the Auditory nerve Recovery Function (REC). These measurements help in programming the speech processor and understanding the auditory system.

Objective To compare the NRT and the REC in prelingual and postlingual implanted patients.

Methods An observational, descriptive and prospective study was carried out. The NRT and the REC (through the T0, A, and tau parameters) were evaluated in individuals submitted to CI surgery, who were divided into two groups: prelingual and postlingual patients.

Results In total, 46 patients were evaluated. Data analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the NRT measurements and the T0, A, and Tau of the REC in the comparison between the two groups, except for the NRT in the basal cochlear region.

Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in the REC in pre- and postlingual patients.
Effect of Fasting On Cognitive Functioning In Healthy Young Adults
Authors: S. Shrunga M. , Shamooda Ayisha , Shaniba Fathimath
Published: April 2020

Background and objective: Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability of the brain to switch from thinking about one concept to another simultaneously. The study was taken up to evaluate the effect of fasting on Cognitive Functioning In Healthy Young Adults.

Methodology: A total of 20 healthy young adults participated in the study. Paper Stroop Color Test was employed to assess inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Participants were given 4 cards (word card color card and color-word card) and were instructed to read the card as told by the clinician. The total duration taken to complete each task and incorrect responses for each task was noted. The same experiment was done in fasting and non-fasting condition for each participant.

Results: The results revealed no statistical significance between the 3 tasks between 2 conditions. Though our present study did not reveal statistical significance difference between 3 tasks and 2 conditions, it was found that the performance was better during the second condition i.e. after fasting condition in comparison to first condition i.e during fasting condition.

Conclusion: The study justifies these findings to be reflected due to fluid deprivation, change in life style and sleep wake up cycles with in turn effects cognitive functioning. The study also highlights on the effectiveness of stroop task in identifying the changes in cognitive function due to fasting.
Anterior Mandibular Lingual Salivary Gland Defect Mimicking an Odontogenic Cyst- A Case Report
Authors: Anehosur Venkatesh , Radder Kiran , K. Harish , Hegde Veda
Published: April 2020

Stafne's bone defects (SBD) are usually asymptomatic and appears as a radiolucent lingual/buccal bone lesions of the lower jaw and are frequently caused by soft tissue inclusion. SBDs bone defects are considered to be an anatomic condition and most often seen in the posterior part the mandible below the mandibular canal. This is a case of anterior mandibular SBD, which was accidently detected in a patient with mandibular fracture.
A Review of Occlusal Registration Materials Utilized in Recording Various Occlusal Relations
Authors: Shetty Ganaraj , Shetty Manoj
Published: April 2020

The success of any prosthetic rehabilitation depends on several factors; most important factor is precisely recording of centric relation and transferring the same to the articulator. When partial or completely edentulous arches are present, cast mounting is considerably more complex. Interocclusal records are the means by which the interarch relationships are transferred from mouth to an articulator. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the accuracy and stability of the materials used in routine clinical practice to obtain interocclusal records.
Microcystic Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas Presenting With Chronic Diarrhea
Authors: Kotian Shravya Sudesh , Bhat Shubha P , Mohan Rajshekhar , K. Sajitha
Published: April 2020

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms are increasingly being recognized due to widespread use of advanced imaging techniques. The prevalence of pancreatic cystic lesions is estimated to be between 2.6% - 19.6%. Serous Cystic Neoplasms account for nearly 16% of surgically resected th th pancreatic cystic neoplasms. They commonly occur in females between 5 and 6 decade of life. These tumours are essentially benign and asymptomatic unless they attain a large size. Majority of them occur in the body and tail of pancreas. Malignant transformation is reported in 1%-3% of cases. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Thus, it is important to accurately diagnose this lesion to avoid unnecessary intervention in the form of chemotherapy or uncalled for surgical resection. We report a rare case of a 65 year old male who presented with a history of intermittent diarrhea.
Awareness amongst Audiologists Regarding Effects of Radiation Therapy on Auditory System
Authors: Joseph Bennet Elsa , Vinod Nituna , Thomas Dona Maria , S. Arya Krishnan
Published: April 2020

Background: Radiation therapy has been a life saver for patients suffering from cancer. Hearing loss can be one of the many side effects of radiation therapy. It can affect the integration of the patient into society after the treatment of cancer is complete. Along with hearing loss, the patients may also experience other auditory symptoms like tinnitus, loudness intolerance and speech perception difficulties which are to be assessed, diagnosed and treated by Audiologists. In order to provide effective rehabilitation, it is necessary that Audiologists are aware of the effect of radiation therapy on the auditory system and what role they play in the interdisciplinary approach. The aim of the present study was to briefly assess whether this awareness is present amongst Audiologists.

Method : A questionnaire was prepared to comprise of questions related to the various aspects of effects of radiation therapy on the auditory system. The questionnaire was circulated online amongst Audiologists and completed questionnaires were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis.

Results : Only 76.9% Audiologists who were part of the survey were sure that hearing loss can be a side effect of radiation therapy. Many of the Audiologists were not sure whether they should provide audiological services to the patient before radiation therapy or after radiation therapy. 44% were not sure about what measures could be taken to reduce the effect of radiation therapy on the auditory system. 96.3% stated that there is a need to receive more specific training in dealing with rehabilitative cases post radiation therapy.
Tendencias en Reconstrucción en Ligamento Cruzado Anterior: Encuesta a 103 Cirujanos
Authors: Tuca María Jesús , Richard Javier , Espinoza Gonzalo
Published: April 2020

Objetivo Describir las tendencias en reconstrucción de LCA (R-LCA) entre los traumatólogos ejerciendo en Chile, delineando sus preferencias en cuanto a la técnica quirúrgica.

Método encuesta online de selección múltiple y recolección anónima de datos, dirigida a todos aquellos cirujanos que realizan R-LCA en Chile. Fue enviada por correo electrónico desde la Sociedad Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología a todos sus afiliados.

Resultados 103 cirujanos completaron la encuesta, realizando su práctica quirúrgica en Santiago (53%) y regiones (47%). En el 53% de los encuestados la cirugía de rodilla representaba más del 75% de su práctica, mientras que sólo en 9 ellas eran menos del 25%. El autoinjerto de isquiotibiales es utilizado en el 70% de R-LCA, seguido por el autoinjerto de tendón patelar (27%). En cuanto a la preparación de túneles, 33% utiliza técnica transtibial y 67% túneles independientes (13% fresado retrógrado, 54% portal medial). Para la fijación de injerto isquiotibiales, botones corticales es lo más utilizado en el fémur (73%), y tornillos interferenciales en la tibia (82%). Para la fijación femoral y tibial de injerto de tendón patelar, los tornillos metálicos son los más utilizados (75%). Un 41% realiza un pretensado del injerto, un 59% lo ciclan una vez fijo, y sólo 8 aplican una solución antibiótica sobre el injerto. La mayoría (89%) realiza la fijación en 10°-20° de flexión, ya sea con rotación externa (36%) o neutra (53%). En un 7% de las R-LCA primarias y en un 27% de las revisiones agregan una reconstrucción anterolateral.

Conclusión la tendencia en R-LCA en Chile es el uso de autoinjerto de isquiotibiales, con fresado independiente del túnel femoral y fijación en flexión con botones corticales y tornillos interferenciales.
Triple Pelvic Osteotomy Fixed with Lag Screw for the Treatment of Pelvic Canal Stenosis in Five Cats
Authors: Cinti Filippo , Cavaliere Leonardo , Degna Matteo Tommasini , Rossi Federica , Pisani Guido
Published: April 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the technique and the clinical outcome of cats with obstipation as a result of pelvic canal narrowing, treated using an alternative triple pelvic osteotomy technique.

Methods Five cats with obstipation as a result of pelvic canal narrowing due to pelvic fracture malunion or secondary hyperparathyroidism were treated by triple pelvic osteotomy. After performing the iliac osteotomy and medial partial cortical debridement (4/5 cases), the pelvic canal was widened by moving the caudal fragment of the ilium to the lateral aspect of the cranial fragment. The iliac fragments were fixed by a 2.7-mm lag screw (5/5 cases) and an additional 2 Kirschner wires 0.8 mm (1/5 cases).

Results The radiographic examination immediately postoperatively and 8 weeks postoperatively showed a mean pelvic canal enlargement of 20% (range 7–38%). Minor complication occurred in one case; this resolved 15 days postoperatively without any treatment. Complications and recurrence of obstipation did not occur during the final follow-up, ranging between 5 months and 1 year in any of these cases.

Clinical Significance The use of lag screw fixed triple pelvic osteotomy resulted in widening of the pelvic canal and led to a satisfactory outcome with no major complications. This technique is fast, requires no expensive implants and it is relatively straightforward. Further cases are required to determine the success and complication risk of the procedure.
Combined Use of Gastric Aspirate and Induced Sputum Increases the Microbiological Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Atehortúa-Muñoz Santiago , Cardona-Moreno Andrea , Niño-Quiroga Laura , Contreras-Ortiz Javier , Arango-Ferreira Catalina
Published: April 2020

Objective Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in pediatrics is a challenge due to the paucibacillary condition of the disease in this population, low sputum expectoration, and diverse unspecific symptomatology. Mycobacterial isolation through culture remains a priority. The objective of this study is to explore gastric aspirates and induced sputum techniques in the pediatric population for positivity on mycobacterial cultures.

Methods In this observational analytical study, two temporal groups were evaluated. A comparison of the isolation rate defined as positive culture confirmation by gastric aspirate (GA), induced sputum (IS), or combination of these both techniques in children under 10 years of age. The study included 86 children, 37 in the first evaluated study group and 49 in the second group.

Discussion Culture positivity was 10.8 and 30.6% for the first and second case series, respectively. These findings showed that the combination of GA and IS in two consecutive days yielded a significantly higher detection rate to confirm pulmonary tuberculosis by culture.

Conclusion The combination of GA plus IS samples for collection of M. tuberculosis culture can be a useful, nonexpensive, and safe diagnostic tool in low- and middleincome countries to diagnose tuberculosis in children.
Inferior Vena Cava Filter in Childhood Septic Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Aljabari Salim , Waheed Shahzad , Davis Ryan , Padhye Amruta
Published: April 2020

Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter in venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an alternative to anticoagulation when the latter is contraindicated. The use of IVC filter in pediatrics continues to be rare and has not increased despite the ever-increasing rates of childhood VTE. Historically, septic VTE was regarded as a contraindication to IVC filter. Safety and efficacy of IVC filters in septic VTE have been reported in adult patients but not in pediatric patients. In this study, we reported a safe use of IVC filter in a critically ill 12-year-old patient with a large IVC thrombus and multiple pulmonary embolisms with favorable outcome.
Severe Ketoacidosis as the First Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Olivares-Hernández Alejandro , Escala-Cornejo Roberto A. , García-Domínguez Araceli R. , Cruz-Hernández Juan J.
Published: April 2020

Introduction Immunotherapy represents one of the fundamental points on the oncological treatments. The increasingly frequent use of these treatments has allowed us to observe various side effects in up to 10 to 20% of patients and endocrine side effects are one of the most commonly described. We report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis in a 46-year-old male patient as debut of type-1 diabetes mellitus secondary to treatment with nivolumab.

Case Report The patient who went to the emergency department due to abdominal pain associated with vomiting 48 hours previously. Diagnosed 4 years ago of clear cell renal carcinoma stage IV, due to pulmonary metastatic involvement, the patient was under treatment with nivolumab. Urgent blood and urine tests were performed in the urgency evaluation; the patient was diagnosis of severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Pancreatic endocrine complications are observed in 0.5 to 5% of the patients with immunotherapy. Among the adverse effects described are alterations in baseline fasting glycaemia and the possible development of type-1 diabetes. These molecules increase the activity of T-cells, amplify the cellular immune activity with the consequent increased immune response, which can lead to a destruction of the pancreatic β-cells. Strict endocrine control is necessary during immunotherapy treatment; however, there are no clear indications for the monitoring of pancreatic reserve levels or glycemic control. For these reasons, we propose the need for closer and regular monitoring of C-peptide and HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) to prevent the development of the diabetes and their complications.