bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal effect of clozapine-associated sedation on motivation in schizophrenia: naturalistic longitudinal study
Authors: Wolpe Noham , Chen Shanquan , Kirkpatrick Brian , Jones Peter B. , Jenkins Christopher , Cardinal Rudolf N. , Fernandez-Egea Emilio
Published: January 2023

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as reduced motivation and pleasure (MAP) and impaired emotional expressivity (EXP). These can occur as primary phenomena, but have also been suggested to occur secondary to other clinical factors, including antipsychotic-induced sedation. However, this relationship has not been established formally. Here, we examined the effect of antipsychotic-induced sedation (assessed via the proxy of total daily sleep duration) on MAP and EXP in a cohort of 187 clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia followed for over 2 years on average, using multilevel regression and mediation models. MAP, but not EXP, was adversely influenced by sedation, independently of the severity of psychosis or depression. Moreover, clozapine impaired MAP indirectly by worsening sedation, but after accounting for clozapine-induced sedation, clozapine improved MAP. Our results highlight the importance of addressing sedative side-effects of antipsychotics to improve clinical outcomes.
GliaMorph: a modular image analysis toolkit to quantify Müller glial cell morphology
Authors: Kugler Elisabeth , Bravo Isabel , Durmishi Xhuljana , Marcotti Stefania , Beqiri Sara , Carrington Alicia , Stramer Brian , Mattar Pierre , MacDonald Ryan B.
Published: January 2023

Cell morphology is crucial for all cell functions. This is particularly true for glial cells as they rely on complex shape to contact and support neurons. However, methods to quantify complex glial cell shape accurately and reproducibly are lacking. To address this, we developed the image analysis pipeline ‘GliaMorph’. GliaMorph is a modular analysis toolkit developed to perform (1) image pre-processing, (2) semi-automatic region-of-interest selection, (3) apicobasal texture analysis, (4) glia segmentation, and (5) cell feature quantification. Müller glia (MG) have a stereotypic shape linked to their maturation and physiological status. Here, we characterized MG on three levels: (1) global image-level, (2) apicobasal texture, and (3) regional apicobasal vertical-to-horizontal alignment. Using GliaMorph, we quantified MG development on a global and single-cell level, showing increased feature elaboration and subcellular morphological rearrangement in the zebrafish retina. As proof of principle, we analysed expression changes in a mouse glaucoma model, identifying subcellular protein localization changes in MG. Together, these data demonstrate that GliaMorph enables an in-depth understanding of MG morphology in the developing and diseased retina.
MODELO PARA O DIMENSIONAMENTO DE FROTA DE METRÔ
Authors: CARDOSO SIDNEI , GONZALEZ ESPINOSA GABRIELA
Published: January 2023

O investimento de capital na aquisição da frota necessária para a operação de uma linha de metrô tem impactos relevantes no custo total do sistema. Os métodos tradicionais utilizados para determinar a frota ótima envolvem tipicamente modelos estáticos que não consideram as incertezas de demanda de passageiros nem as incertezas técnicas da operação. O problema fundamental consiste em saber a quantidade específica e necessária de trens para cada circuito existente antes de um planejamento do CAPEX de material rodante. Neste artigo apresentamos um modelo dinâmico para o dimensionamento da frota de um sistema de metrô. O artigo propõe estabelecer o número de trens necessários para uma operação eficiente do sistema metroviário diante de uma flutuação da quantidade de passageiros ao longo do dia. O modelo dinâmico é projetado com base em dois tipos de análise: de acordo com o tempo do carrossel e a quantidade de trens que por sua vez depende da demanda existente de passageiros. Os resultados indicam que o modelo dinâmico oferece informações mais próximas da realidade pois considera as incertezas existentes. O modelo estático, por outro lado, considera apenas parâmetros baseados nas médias do setor, o que permite inconsistências. A abordagem exposta pode auxiliar governo ou outras autoridades envolvidas no planejamento de transporte urbano e mais especificamente sistemas de metrô a determinar valores mais precisos para o planejamento de CAPEX e o custo/benefício da aquisição de material rodante, levando em consideração a satisfação do usuário.
Inclusion of palliative and end of life care in health strategies aimed at integrated care: a documentary analysis
Authors: Chambers Rachel L. , Pask Sophie , Higginson Irene J. , Barclay Stephen , Murtagh Fliss E.M. , Sleeman Katherine E.
Published: January 2023

Background: In England, Integrated Care Systems have been established to improve integration of care, as part of the NHS Long Term Plan. For people near the end of life, palliative care can improve integration of care. We aimed to understand whether and how palliative and end of life care was included in Integrated Care System strategies, and to consider priorities for strengthening this. Methods: Documentary analysis of Integrated Care System (ICS) strategies, using summative content analysis, was performed. Google searches were used to identify NHS Trust, Clinical Commissioning Group or ICS websites. We searched these websites to identify strategies. Key terms were used to identify relevant content. Themes were mapped onto an adapted logic model for integrated care. Results: 23 Integrated Care System strategy documents were identified. Of these, two did not mention any of the key terms, and six highlighted palliative and end of life care as either a priority, area of focus, or an ambition. While most (19/23) strategies included elements that could be mapped onto the adapted logic model for integrated care, the thread from enablers and components, to structures, processes, outcomes, and impact was incomplete. Conclusions: Greater prioritisation of palliative and end of life care within recently established Integrated Care Systems could improve outcomes for people near the end of life, as well as reduce reliance on acute hospital care. Integrated Care Systems should consider involving patients, the public and palliative care stakeholders in the ongoing development of strategies. For strategies to be effective, our adapted logic model can be used to outline how different components of care fit together to achieve defined outcomes and impact.
The average age of first marriage for Indonesian women in their reproductive period who give birth to an average of two children: National survey (2017 – 2019)
Authors: Ekoriano Mario , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Titisari Anastasia , Devi Yuli Puspita , Widodo Teguh , Purwoko Edy
Published: January 2023

Background: The results of the 2020 population census in Indonesia showed that the population has reached 270.020.000 million. This number shows that the population in Indonesia during the last 10 years has increased by around 32,56 million people.  One of the BKKBN's efforts to reduce the birth rate in Indonesia is to urge people to marry at the ideal age, 21 years for women and 25 years for men.   

Methods: This study used GPAS/ SKAP data for the period 2017, 2018, and 2019 using the module for women aged (15-49) and the sample used was all women aged 40-49. This analysis used secondary data from the 2017, 2018, and 2019 government performance and accountability surveys. 

Results: The age at first marriage for women should be encouraged to be 25 years old, not 21 years old, which has always been echoed and socialized.  Age at first marriage is the most dominant factor in women aged (40-49) to have more than two children (2017 SOR: 4.17 95% CI [1.85-17.31], (2018 SOR: 57.14 99% [4.12-793.67]) (2019 SOR 21.22 99%  CI [2.28-197.45]), while only in 2019 the AFM variable after controlling for it remained significant in influencing having children more than 2 (AOR 27.64 99% [2.88-265.20]).  

Conclusion: Women aged (40-49) who have a younger age at first marriage (10-24) have a longer reproductive age range, so they have relatively more children than women who married at the age of 25 and over.  After controlling for other factors, the characteristics of women who have a tendency to have more than two children. Therefore, it is necessary to design a health strategy that is more suitable to the needs, characteristics, and capacity of women to reduce the birth rate in Indonesia is to urge people to marry at the ideal age.
Interventions for supporting self-management in people with musculoskeletal pain, including focus on varying levels of health literacy: A systematic overview of reviews
Authors: Babatunde Opeyemi O , Corp Nadia , Shivji Noureen , Rowlands Gill , Quicke Jonathan , Healey Emma L , Protheroe Joanne , van der Windt Danielle A
Published: January 2023

Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a major cause of disability globally, affecting one in three adults. Self-management is a core recommendation for managing MSK pain; however, most self-management programmes require a high level of patient engagement, which may be partly influenced by health literacy levels. This overview aims to summarise current evidence on supported self-management and the influence of varying levels of health literacy in people with MSK pain. 

Methods: A systematic search was conducted for relevant systematic reviews in databases (Cochrane Library, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHLPlus, AMED, and PsycInfo). Data on study populations (including markers of health literacy), characteristics, and outcomes of supported self-management such as self-efficacy in pain management were extracted. Quality of systematic reviews was assessed using AMSTAR 2, and strength of evidence rated using a modified GRADE approach.

Results: In total, 40 systematic reviews contributed evidence to this overview. Based on intervention components and mode of delivery, three main self-management intervention approaches were indicated: structured self-management education programmes (10 reviews), self-directed self-management (four reviews), and combined self-management activity and education programmes (26 reviews). MSK patients with low health literacy levels were found to have poorer outcomes with current self-management interventions. The strength of evidence for self-efficacy in pain management was assessed as low (across the three approaches). Only one review systematically extracted data on measures or markers of health literacy, highlighting an important gap in evidence. 

Conclusions: A comprehensive summary and critical assessment of current evidence on supported self-management and the influence of health literacy levels among patients with MSK pain was presented. There is a gap in evidence regarding potential mediators of the effects of supported self-management among people with musculoskeletal conditions and low levels of health literacy, thereby limiting the opportunity to positively influence outcomes.
Changing birthplaces to care for healthcare workers, lessons from the pandemic: A scoping review
Authors: Melacca Alessia , Urso Claudia , Calleja-Agius Jean , Gouni Olga , Gabbianelli Rosita , Lalor Joan , Morano Sandra
Published: January 2023

Background: Together with women giving birth, healthcare professionals involved in perinatal care faced significant challenges due to Covid-19 restrictions. The birth environment has been affected, influencing the quality and nature of interactions between care providers, women, and their families as well as the quality of care provided to women.

Aim: To identify, categorize and reflect on the most relevant aspects of the experience of healthcare workers, especially obstetricians and gynecologists, involved in the peripartum period, after the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic up till now.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted. After conducting a literature search using a variety of online data- bases, 22 articles were included, and the main/recurrent themes were identified.

Results: The following main themes were described: fear of the virus, changes in the way care is provided, increase in the workload, mental health, psychological distress, support strategies, university education, and perspectives of health managers.

Discussion: Standard maternity departments appeared not appropriate to face the pandemic. Psychological distress on perinatal healthcare workers’, the majority of whom were women, led to the impairment of their mental health, affecting the quality of care provided to women.  A key role was played by healthcare managers support in shaping how doctors can cope and recover, and in reducing the mental health impact.

Conclusion: It is very important to address some of the most relevant issues to acknowledge the role of healthcare workers and improve the health systems organization to face future pandemics.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of azithromycin in severe malaria bacterial co-infection in African children (TABS-PKPD): a protocol for a Phase II randomised controlled trial
Authors: Olupot-Olupot Peter , Okiror William , Mnjalla Hellen , Muhindo Rita , Uyoga Sophie , Mpoya Ayub , Williams Thomas N , terHeine Rob , Burger David M , Urban Britta , Connon Roisin , George Elizabeth C , Gibb Diana M , Walker A Sarah , Maitland Kathryn
Published: January 2023

Background: African children with severe malaria are susceptible to Gram-negative bacterial co-infection, largely non-typhoidal Salmonellae, leading to a substantially higher rates of in-hospital and post-discharge mortality than those without bacteraemia. Current evidence for treating co-infection is lacking, and there is no consensus on the dosage or length of treatment required. We therefore aimed to establish the appropriate dose of oral dispersible azithromycin as an antimicrobial treatment for children with severe malaria and to investigate whether antibiotics can be targeted to those at greatest risk of bacterial co-infection using clinical criteria alone or in combination with rapid diagnostic biomarker tests.

Methods: A Phase I/II open-label trial comparing three doses of azithromycin: 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg spanning the lowest to highest mg/kg doses previously demonstrated to be equally effective as parenteral treatment for other salmonellae infection. Children with the highest risk of bacterial infection will receive five days of azithromycin and followed for 90 days. We will generate relevant pharmacokinetic data by sparse sampling during dosing intervals. We will use population pharmacokinetic modelling to determine the optimal azithromycin dose in severe malaria and investigate azithromycin exposure to change in C-reactive protein, a putative marker of sepsis at 72 hours, and microbiological cure (seven-day), alone and as a composite with seven-day survival. We will also evaluate whether a combination of clinical, point-of-care diagnostic tests, and/or biomarkers can accurately identify the sub-group of severe malaria with culture-proven bacteraemia by comparison with a control cohort of children hospitalized with severe malaria at low risk of bacterial co-infection.

Discussion: We plan to study azithromycin because of its favourable microbiological spectrum, its inherent antimalarial and immunomodulatory properties and dosing and safety profile. This study will generate new data to inform the design and sample size for definitive Phase III trial evaluation.

Registration: ISRCTN49726849 (27th October 2017).
APPLICATION OF TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION IN PSYCHIATRIC AND PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Center for Neuroeconomics and Cognitive Research, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Ragimova Aynur , Petelin Dmitry ,   Sechenov University, Zakharova Natalia ,   Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital №1, Kozhokaru Anzhela ,   Russian Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Beatrice Volel ,   Sechenov University
Published: January 2023

This manual is devoted to the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the treatment of major groups of mental and neuropsychiatric disorders. The manual discusses in detail the fundamental mechanisms of action of TMS, types of diagnostic and treatment protocols; legal, organizational and sanitary standards for this procedure, indications and contraindications for its implementation, features of combining TMS with psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. In separate sections, the features of the use of TMS in affective diseases, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, chronic pain, neuropsychiatric diseases, and addictions are consecrated.
On the geometric interpretation of quaternions by cones
Authors: Scheglov Georgiy
Published: January 2023

The geometric interpretation of quaternions is considered. The visualization complexity of quaternions is due to the fact that these objects have four independent parameters. A literature analysis shows that the problem of geometric interpretation of quaternions has not been completely solved to date.

The first section provides general provisions on quaternions and the necessary notations. The second section describes the classical geometric interpretation of quaternions by arcs on a unit sphere. The third section describes a new geometric interpretation and its application to the problem of a vector finite rotation.

The geometric interpretation of the quaternion as the surface of a right circular cone is presented. This representation allow demonstrating it as a holistic object in which the scalar and vector parts are interconnected, taking into account their modules and signs.

For the considered normalized quaternion, it is easy to understanding an important entity, the quaternion versor: in general, it is a cone, which in the limiting case of a pure scalar quaternion transform into a sphere, and in the limiting case of a pure vector quaternion transform into an ordinary vector. This distinctive feature of the proposed geometric interpretation makes it possible, even when projected onto a plane, to clearly distinguish visualization of the quaternions with a nonzero scalar part from pure vector quaternions, which is difficult to do in the other known interpretations. The representation of quaternions by cones clearly demonstrates the need for a double quaternion product, when the vector is rotated around an arbitrary axis.

Images of quaternions as cones, spheres and vectors can be useful in the study of quaternion algebra, which is currently finding increasing use in engineering.
Engineering graphics in the light of parting with the Bologna agreement
Authors: Tikhonov-Bugrov D. , Abrosimov S.
Published: January 2023

The situation that has developed as a result of the signing by Russia of the Bologna agreement is considered and an attempt is made to evaluate the prospects for leaving it. It is noted that the introduction of undergraduate and master's master has broken a classic domestic system of higher education. A reference is made to the work of specialists who predicted serious problems of building undergraduate in the sphere of professional activity. In relation to graphic training, two aspects are considered: undergraduate and competency -based approach to education. The undergraduate has greatly cut off not only the audit load, but also the total number of hours to study disciplines. The specified deficit gave rise to the exclusion of drawing geometry from a number of educational standards. This trend was paid attention to, in particular, Bulgarian colleagues. The result is the loss of the theoretical basis of the departments teaching graphic disciplines. The investigation is a loss of independence, unification with other departments. Due to the fact that employers in the field of equipment perceived the undergraduate as unacceptable engineers, unsuitable attempts were made to introduce engineering undergraduate. The deficiency of the auditor's load crushed mentoring - the invaluable quality of domestic education. It is especially important when working with 1-2 courses, due to the lack of graphics at school, insufficient training in the field of geometry, a small emphasis on analytics in the educational process. Attention is drawn to the “quiet revolution” that occurred in domestic education in connection with a competency -based approach. The educational process is built from the result to training i.e. In the opposite direction in relation to the classical scheme. Now the main in training is the employer. The relationship, mutual understanding between it and the university, the individual department unambiguously determines the quality of education. A possible dictate can turn a number of aspects of the educational process into formal or ineffective. Examples are given. In terms of forecasts, it is noted that the undergraduate will not disappear at the same time, and the specialists in the field of graphic training are faced with training using innovative approaches in the educational and production educational process within the framework of a specialty.
La importancia de la educación emprendedora tutorizada por educadores sociales.
Authors: Ruedas Caletrio Jesús , Serrate González Sara
Published: January 2023

: La educación emprendedora se convierte en una oportunidad dentro de la formación del alumnado, en tanto que permite a los estudiantes adquirir determinadas competencias, especialmente importantes en la actualidad, para afrontar el futuro profesional y social. El propósito de este trabajo se centra en fundamentar la importancia de que la educación emprendedora no debe convertirse, en exclusiva, en un proceso vinculado a la formación laboral, empresarial y, en definitiva, en la adquisición de competencias para el trabajo bajo los cánones de la educación cada vez más mercantilizada. Concretamente, la educación emprendedora debe aprovecharse para educar a los estudiantes en competencias y habilidades que fomenten la autonomía del alumnado para la vida, configurándose así en un apoyo a la construcción de su identidad personal y social y al diseño de su proyecto vital en las distintas dimensiones del mismo. Se plantea la necesidad de abordar la educación emprendedora en el contexto de la tutoría, con la peculiaridad del apoyo de nuevos agentes educativos en la acción tutorial que apoyen y complementen la labor de los docentes en las aulas. Nos referimos específicamente a los educadores y educadoras sociales, profesionales competencialmente preparados para asumir este requerimiento dentro del sistema educativo y capacitador del desarrollo de la competencia emprendedora en todas las dimensiones sociopersonales del alumnado.
El robot M Bot para el aprendizaje de coordenadas cartesianas en Educación Secundaria
Authors: Sáez-López José-Manuel , Buceta-Otero Rogelio
Published: January 2023

Esta investigación resalta las interacciones y procesos pedagógicos en el uso educativo de robótica y programación visual por bloques en matemáticas, en la etapa de Educación Secundaria. Partiendo de conceptos y prácticas computacionales, se integran actividades prácticas y divertidas en el aula para el aprendizaje de la unidad didáctica de coordenadas cartesianas. Los participantes son 49 estudiantes de 2º grado de Educación Secundaria, 25 como grupo experimental y 24 como grupo de control. Partiendo de diseño pre-experimental y un análisis descriptivo, la primera dimensión “Resultados académicos con el uso de la robótica” utiliza un test. En la segunda dimensión “beneficios de la robótica en contextos educativos” se valora el aprendizaje activo, los conceptos computacionales, las matemáticas, la utilidad y la diversión. Aunque se concluye que no hay mejoras significativas en el rendimiento académico, sí mejora de un modo significativo la utilidad, la aplicación en matemáticas, la utilidad percibida, y especialmente la comprensión de los conceptos computacionales.
Non-invasive and contemporaneous cardiac imaging in heart failure
Authors: Tavares Sara
Published: January 2023

This article reviews the current non-invasive cardiac imaging modalities used in the diagnosis and management of heart failure patients. Heart failure is a complex syndrome secondary to functional and structural changes of the heart, with a wide range of possible causes for its onset. Different imaging investigations can inform diagnosis and guide care plans, so nurses across clinical practice will benefit from having knowledge on when these modalities are used. Echocardiography remains the most common investigation due to its low cost and reproducible nature when compared with other methods. It allows quantification of left ventricular function, which is an important prognostic marker in heart failure. Through cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, identification of potential reversible causes is possible, and further identification of underlying causes, when other modalities fail to do so. Finally, computed tomography coronary angiography is the currently recommended test in all patients presenting with typical or atypical anginal symptoms, diagnostically comparable to invasive coronary angiography
Business development
Authors: Hill Kelly
Published: January 2023

Leading and managing an early years setting is often not quite what we imagine it to be. Throughout our career, we learn, reflect and develop our skills and knowledge, ensuring we offer the very best care and early education to our families. We become skilled in child development, we understand schemas and learning styles, we scaffold, support, encourage and become the children's biggest cheerleaders.
Surgical microscope integrated MHz SS-OCT with live volumetric visualization
Authors: Britten Anja , Matten Philipp , Weiss Jakob , Niederleithner Michael , Roodaki Hessam , Sorg Benjamin , Hecker-Denschlag Nancy , Drexler Wolfgang , Leitgeb Rainer A. , Schmoll Tilman
Published: January 2023

Intraoperative optical coherence tomography is still not overly pervasive in routine ophthalmic surgery, despite evident clinical benefits. That is because today’s spectral-domain optical coherence tomography systems lack flexibility, acquisition speed, and imaging depth. We present to the best of our knowledge the most flexible swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) engine coupled to an ophthalmic surgical microscope that operates at MHz A-scan rates. We use a MEMS tunable VCSEL to implement application-specific imaging modes, enabling diagnostic and documentary capture scans, live B-scan visualizations, and real-time 4D-OCT renderings. The technical design and implementation of the SS-OCT engine, as well as the reconstruction and rendering platform, are presented. All imaging modes are evaluated in surgical mock maneuvers using ex vivo bovine and porcine eye models. The applicability and limitations of MHz SS-OCT as a visualization tool for ophthalmic surgery are discussed.
Efficient Quantum State Tomography Using Collective Measurements
Authors: Mansouri Arman , Abrahao Raphael A. , Lundeen Jeff S.
Published: January 2023

We implement a theoretical proposal by Massar and Popescu to demonstrate more efficient quantum state tomography using collective measurements. To do so, we project onto non-maximally entangled polarization states of two photons from the ensemble.
Large Dispersion Silicon Bragg Grating for Full-Field 40-GBd QPSK Phase Retrieval Receiver
Authors: Stern Brian , Chen Haoshuo , Kim Kwangwoong , Fontaine Nicolas K.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate a silicon Bragg grating with a large dispersion of -146 ps/nm and reduced ripple using a phase shifter array. We use the grating in a direct-detection phase retrieval receiver for 40-GBd QPSK signals.
Evolving pendulum beams: a three-dimensional optical analogy
Authors: Rodríguez-Fajardo Valeria , Nguyen Thao , Galvez Enrique J.
Published: January 2023

We engineered superpositions of Mathieu-Gauss beams and studied their propagation in space as an analogy to the time evolution of the quantum non-linear pendulum. We found distinct regimes of motion, including free-rotating and oscillating.
Integrated-Photonics-Based Architectures for Polarization-Gradient and EIT Cooling of Trapped Ions
Authors: Hattori Ashton , Corsetti Sabrina , Sneh Tal , Notaros Milica , Swint Reuel , Callahan Patrick T. , Bruzewicz Colin D. , Knollmann Felix , McConnell Robert , Chiaverini John , Notaros Jelena
Published: January 2023

We develop a framework for two advanced trapped-ion cooling schemes, polarization-gradient and electromagnetically-induced-transparency cooling, for 88Sr+ ions using a visible-wavelength integrated-photonics platform and present the design of the key integrated devices.
Characterization of Threshold Electrostatic Discharges Using Two-Color Time-Resolved Interferometry
Authors: Schrama Claudia A. M. , Hinnegan Sarah , Barolak Jonathan J. , Wilhelm Alex , Adams Daniel , Durfee Charles
Published: January 2023

Using multi-frame cameras, we are measuring the electron and neutral atom densities of a threshold electrostatic discharge. We use wavelet transforms and Abel inversion on two-color interferograms to obtain the two different density profiles.
25 Gbit/s Underwater Optical Communication Using Ince-Gaussian Beams through Turbid Environments
Authors: Robertson E. , Dai K. , Miller J. K. , Pires D. , Litchinitser N. , Johnson E. G.
Published: January 2023

An underwater optical communication link using Ince-Gaussian modes, generated through a nonlinear process using phase modulation of OAM modes, is demonstrated. A 25 Gbit/s power scalable communication link is experimentally verified for turbid conditions, cz~3.5.
Low-power Bandwidth Enhancement of Brillouin Microwave Photonic Filters using RF Interferometry
Authors: Raj Piyush , Parihar Reena , Dhawan Rajveer , Choudhary Amol
Published: January 2023

We report stimulated Brillouin scattering-based microwave photonic bandpass filters employing RF interference with selectivity >20 dB using only 8 dB SBS gain, with bandwidth reconfigurability up to 700 MHz and frequency tunability up to 22GHz.
Single-frame measurement of ultrafast spatiotemporal vortex pulses
Authors: Liao Chen-Ting , Gui Guan , Brooks Nathan J. , Wang Bin , Kapteyn Henry C. , Murnane Margaret M.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrated a simple method to quantitatively characterize the spatiotemporal orbital angular momentum (ST-OAM) of light. Our method can measure the presence of ST-OAM, space-time topological charges, OAM helicity, pulse dispersion, and beam divergence.
Self-reconstruction of C-point beams
Authors: Komal Baby , Arora Gauri , Kumar Sunil , Senthilkumaran P.
Published: January 2023

C-point beams are reported to reconstruct themselves on propagation after being obstructed by an opaque symmetric triangular obstruction. The component scalar vortices of this polarization singular beam manage to maintain a relative phase and intensity value to regain their polarization, intensity, and Stokes phase structure. This self-healing property of vortex beams is related to the Poynting vector rotation of such beams. This property of the C-point can be used for meaningful applications in the field of robust optical communication and microscopy.
Demonstrating Quantum-Enhanced Interferometric Telescopy
Authors: Diaz David , Zhang Yujie , Wang Yunkai , Lorenz Virginia , Kwiat Paul
Published: January 2023

We emulate quantum-enhanced telescopy through interconnected interferometers and demonstrate experimental progress toward optimally recovering the visibility amplitude of a source and displaying an advantage of using distributed single photons over a weak coherent source.
Generation of highly-pure single-photon states at telecommunication wavelength
Authors: Kawasaki Akito , Takase Kan , Nomura Takefumi , Miki Sigehito , Terai Hirotaka , Yabuno Masahiro , China Fumihiro , Asavanant Warit , Endo Mamoru , Yoshikawa Jun-ichi , Furusawa Akira
Published: January 2023

We generate highly-pure single-photon states at the telecommunication wave-length with the best record of the minimum Wigner negativity, paving the way toward the integration of universal quantum computers and constructing quantum networks.
A broadly generalizable deep neural network for rapid phase recovery and hologram reconstruction
Authors: Chen Hanlong , Huang Luzhe , Liu Tairan , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: January 2023

We introduce an end-to-end neural network called Fourier Imager Network (FIN) for rapid phase recovery and hologram reconstruction that achieves superior generalization to unseen sample types over the existing deep learning methods.
Metamaterial for Simulation of Imaging Through Nanodroplets in Wet Steam
Authors: Kowarz Marek , Hesler Stephen H.
Published: January 2023

We describe a metamaterial that simulates scattering by steam nanodroplets. Fabricated samples made with alumina nanoparticles compare favorably to previous powerplant measurements. Imaging at 850 nm demonstrates potential for in situ inspections through steam.
Concurrent inverse design of structured light and metasurface for nanopatterning process
Authors: Kim Myungjoon , Kim Nayoung , Shin Jonghwa
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate an adjoint-based concurrent optimization method for an incident wavefront and metasurface pair that can outperform the previous metasurfaces used for interference-based nanofabrication processes.
Integration of Free-Form Micro-Optics with PICs for Sensing, Packaging, and Optical Manipulation
Authors: Ranno Luigi , Yu Shaoliang , Du Qingyang , Serna Samuel , McDonough Colin , Fahrenkopf Nicholas , Gu Tian , Hu Juejun
Published: January 2023

We demonstrated fiber array coupling to waveguides via backend integrated micro-optics. A low coupling loss down to 0.5 dB was experimentally measured at 1550 nm wavelength with a record 1-dB bandwidth of over 300 nm.
Challenges to Tera-pixel-scale Full-parallax Computer Holography for 3D Imaging
Authors: Matsushima Kyoji , Nishi Hirohito
Published: January 2023

Computer holography requires a trillion pixels and a full-parallax view to reconstruct quality three-dimensional images comparable to those reconstructed in traditional optical holography. Large-scale full-parallax computer-generated holograms are presented to introduce state-of-the-art computer holography.
Diffractive optical imagers can see through random unknown diffusers
Authors: Li Yuhang , Luo Yi , Bai Bijie , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: January 2023

We provide a comprehensive design guide for robust and generalizable diffractive imagers to all-optically see through random unknown diffusers at the speed of light, without needing any digital computation or reconstruction.
Real-time wide-FOV spectral-scanning FMCW 3D imaging and velocimetry
Authors: Zhang Jingkai , Qian Ruobing , Zhou Kevin C. , Viehland Christian , Draelos Mark , Dhalla Al-Hafeez , Izatt Joseph A.
Published: January 2023

We present a novel spectral-scanning FMCW 3D imaging and velocimetry system that can produce 3D depth maps of 507 X 500 pixels at 33 Hz, with 48° X 68° FOV and 32.8 cm depth range.
Resolution-Enhanced Incoherent Imaging Using Annular Synthetic Aperture with Superposition of Phase - Shifted Optical Transfer Functions
Authors: Desai Jawahar Prabhakar , Kumar Ravi , Rosen Joseph
Published: January 2023

A high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed by superposition of all the interference patterns accumulated from certain locations of two small sub-apertures moving on the perimeter of a synthetic aperture.
Inverse Design of an Efficient, On-chip Path-entangled Photon-pair Source Based on Single Quantum Dots
Authors: Melo Emerson G. , Chanana Ashish , Song Junyeob , Eshbaugh William , da Silva Saimon F. C. , Rastelli Armando , Addamane Sadhvikas , Srinivasan Kartik , Flagg Edward B. , Davanco Marcelo
Published: January 2023

We use inverse design to develop an optimized nanophotonic geometry for efficient, waveguide-coupled, path-entangled photon pair sources based on single embedded quan-tum dots.
Dual-shot arbitrary polarization retrieval through a scattering medium
Authors: Parvin Reajmina , Roy Abhijit , Karmakar Ankita , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Brundavanam Maruthi M.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate a double-shot technique by superposing two uncorrelated speckle patterns to retrieve any arbitrary polarization of a light beam behind a scattering layer using intensity correlation. The theoretical details and the results are presented.
Label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in human serum by Bloch surface waves on 1D photonic crystal biochips
Authors: Occhicone Agostino , Sinibaldi Alberto , Pileri Tommaso , Di Matteo Paola , Chiappetta Daniele , Munzert Peter , Danz Norbert , Sonntag Frank , Allegretti Matteo , De Pascale Valentina , Mandoj Chiara , Conti Laura , Michelotti Francesco
Published: January 2023

We propose a rapid serologic test based on disposable nano-photonic biochips for SARS-CoV-2 related antibodies. The label-free sensograms showed that positive and negative human serum samples were discriminated, enabling real-time and fast label-free detection.
Chemical enrichment in SERS sensing using hydrophobic 3D-assembled metallic nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Youhai , Zhang Nan , Tua Dylan , Zhu Yingkun , Rada Jacob , Song Haomin , Gan Qiaoqiang
Published: January 2023

We report a broadband and efficient absorbing substrate composed of self-assembled gold nanoparticles onto a three-dimensional porous membrane for highly sensitive SERS sensing using a superhydrophobic hierarchical nanostructure.
General optical convolution through a compact meta-crystal slab device
Authors: Wang Haiwen , Jin Weiliang , Guo Cheng , Zhao Nathan , Rodrigues Sean P. , Fan Shanhui
Published: January 2023

We propose and design photonic meta-crystal slab for general implementation of optical convolution. Our device is compact, scalable, and operates directly on optical fields. Potential applications include imaging and energy efficient computing.
Improved tissue optical property extraction at short source-detector separations using neural networks
Authors: Baran Timothy M.
Published: January 2023

We extracted tissue optical properties from diffuse reflectance data at short source-detector separations using neural networks and Monte Carlo lookup tables. Neural networks significantly improved absorption recovery compared to lookup table (p=0.003).
Few-shot transfer learning of a recurrent neural network (RNN) for holographic image reconstruction
Authors: Huang Luzhe , Yang Xilin , Liu Tairan , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate few-shot generalization of an RNN-based holographic image reconstruction network to small datasets of new sample/tissue types never seen in training, which achieved faster convergence and improved reconstruction quality with less trainable parameters.
Deep-learning-enhanced Three-dimensional Photoacoustic Tomography of Human Breast
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Bo Wei , Xu Wenyao , Xia Jun
Published: January 2023

We developed a fully-dense neural network to improve the elevation resolution of linear-array-based photoacoustic tomography for better 3D visualization. The algorithm is efficient and fast and is validated in human breast imaging results.
Multiphoton absorptions effects on Airy pulses modulational instability in a cubic-quintic rib optical waveguide
Authors: Boukar Souang Kemedane , Heuteu Crépin , Mandeng Lucien Mandeng , Tchawoua Clément
Published: January 2023

The two-photon absorption (TPA) is deleterious for the modulational instability while the three-photon absorption (3PA) performs this TPA effect in the case of cooperating nonlinearities and in the competing case, it rather cancels this effect.
Optical Guiding in 50-meter-scale Air Waveguides
Authors: Goffin A. , Tartaro A. , Larkin I. , Valenzuela A. , Rosenthal E.W. , Schweinsberg A. , Milchberg H.M.
Published: January 2023

Femtosecond filaments deposit energy into air, leading to localized density depressions. We employ this effect with a multi-filamenting LG01 beam to generate long-lived air waveguides that guide high average power beams up to ~50m.
Fully On-chip Electrically-pumped Laser-integrated Two and High-dimensional Entangled Photon Pair Source
Authors: Haldar Raktim , Mahmudlu Hatam , Johanning Robert , Kashi Anahita Khodadad , van Rees Albert , Epping Jörn P. , Boller Klaus-J. , Kues Michael
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate an electrically-pumped laser-integrated quantum light source of two and high-dimensional entangled photons. Our hybrid InP-Si3N4 source is fully-integrated, compact, and field-deployable, bringing the required scalability to photonic quantum processing.
Continuous-Wave Characterisation of Photon Indistinguishability and Nanophotonic Coupling
Authors: Schofield R. C. , Boissier S. , Clear C. , Bogusz D. P. , Burdekin P. , Nur S. , Jin L. , Ovvyan A. , Koppens F. H. L. , Toninelli C. , Pernice W. H. P. , Hinds E. A. , Major K. D. , McCutcheon D. P. S. , Hoggarth R. A. , Clark A. S.
Published: January 2023

We use continuous-wave excitation of a single molecule to measure the full temporal wavepacket indistinguishability of emitted photons, and show that continuous-wave light can determine the coupling of quantum emitters to arbitrary nanophotonic structures.
Optimising Nonlinear Interferometers for Sensing and Imaging: Gain, Loss, and Seeding
Authors: Gemmell Nathan , Flórez Jefferson , Pearce Emma , Czerwinski Olaf , Ding Jiaye , Zhang Jingrui , Karzazi Mariame Abire , Ma Yue , Bressanini Gabriele , Kim Myungshik , Phillips Chris C. , Oulton Rupert F. , Clark Alex S.
Published: January 2023

We show experimentally that adjusting gain in nonlinear interferometry can improve interference visibility and reduce the optical power exposing an object. We further demonstrate that seeding an interferometer input can improve both visibility and contrast.
Ultrasensitive Dispersive Fourier Transform Technique for Nonlinear Instability Characterization
Authors: Sader Lynn , Bose Surajit , Kashi Anahita Khodadad , Boussafa Yassin , Dauliat Romain , Roy Philippe , Fabert Marc , Tonello Alessandro , Couderc Vincent , Kues Michael , Wetzel Benjamin
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate the characterization of nonlinear noise-driven dynamics with ultra-high sensitivity, resolution, and a theoretically unlimited dynamic range using a novel approach of dispersive Fourier transform-based measurements and multiple single photon detectors.
Impulse Response Measurement of Ultrafast Photodiode using Synchronous Electro-optic Sampling Technique
Authors: Barot Dipen , Feldman Ari D. , Washburn Brian R.
Published: January 2023

A frequency comb based electro-optic sampling system with constant bandwidth was developed to characterize the response of an ultrafast photodiode. The system measured comparable photodiode bandwidth with reduced acquisition time but with poorer signal-to-noise ratio.
Surface metrology in the nanometric regime with structured light
Authors: Rodríguez-Fajardo Valeria , Forbes Andrew
Published: January 2023

We present two techniques capable of measuring nanometric features in samples using structured light. One based on interference and providing a surface map. Another measuring the height of step-like elements using the modal description of light beams.
3-IN-ONE: three innovations for optical metrology
Authors: Porcar Rafael , Levecq Xavier , Lefaudeux Nicolas , Treimany Pauline
Published: January 2023

We present a new approach of the Linearized Focal Plane Technique exploiting phase retrieval algorithms on Shack Hartmann Wavefront Sensors and its implementation in MESO instrument. Last, we introduce an innovation for Parallel Optics testing.
Low-Capacitance, High-Speed O-band GeSi Quantum-Confined Stark Effect Electro Absorption Modulator
Authors: Kandeel Ahmed , Hiblot Gaspard , Porret Clement , Srinivasan Srinivasan Ashwyn , Milenin Alexey , Balakrishnan Sadhishkumar , Berciano Mathias , Loo Roger , Van Thourhout Dries , Pantouvaki Marianna , Ferraro Filippo , Ban Yoojin , Van Campenhout Joris
Published: January 2023

we present O-band GeSi Quantum-Confined Stark Effect electro-absorption modulators with ultra-low capacitance of ~38fF and 3-dB modulation bandwidth beyond 50 GHz, integrated in a 220nm silicon photonics platform.
Few-cycle Yb laser source at 20 kHz using multidimensional solitary states in hollow-core fibers
Authors: Longa A. , Arias L. , Jargot G. , Pomerleau A. , Lassonde P. , Fan G. , Safaei R. , Corkum P. B. , Boschini F. , Ibrahim H. , Légaré F.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate pulse compression from 300 fs down to 17 fs up to 20 kHz using multidimensional solitary states in a hollow-core fiber filled with N2O in differential pressure to mitigate thermal effects.
Transient Coherence in IR/THz Double Resonance Spectroscopy for Remote Sensing
Authors: Schneiderman Max , Reyes Danielle , Bernath Robert , Everitt Henry O. , Richardson Martin
Published: January 2023

Infrared/Terahertz double resonance spectroscopy is explored for remote identification of trace molecular gases at atmospheric pressures. Free induction decay of low pressure hyperfine-resolved transitions in CH335Cl inform a roadmap for future atmospheric pressure studies.
Quantification of Forward and Back Scatter in the Ageing Human Eye
Authors: Grulkowski Ireneusz , Ruminski Daniel , Gupta Ashish , Villar Alfonso Jimenez , Toledo Raúl Duarte , Artal Pablo
Published: January 2023

The relation between intraocular forward and back scatter is determined in the study on human subjects of different ages. Optical coherence tomography allows to retrieve quantitative information on back scattering in the eye. Double-pass system allows for the assessment of forward scatter.
In Vivo Visualization of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Therapy Using Photoacoustic Microscopy, OCT, and Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Nguyen Van Phuc , Qian Wei , Wang Xueding , Paulus Yannis M.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrates the capability of multimodal photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and Fluorescence Imaging for tracking of transplanted ARPE-19 cells after transplantation in living rabbits.
Flexible Wafer-Scale Silicon-Photonics Fabrication Platform
Authors: Notaros Milica , Dyer Thomas , Hattori Ashton , Fealey Kevin , Kruger Seth , Notaros Jelena
Published: January 2023

We develop a wafer-scale CMOS-compatible platform and fabrication process that results in 300-mm-diameter flexible wafers, and experimentally demonstrate key functionality at visible wavelengths, including chip coupling, waveguide routing, and passive devices.
Cavity QMD: Synthesizing resonant magnetic near fields using surface acoustic waves in piezoelectric resonators
Authors: Skoryna Kline C. A. , Monroy-Ruz J. , Balram K. C.
Published: January 2023

Borrowing ideas from cavity QED, we show that piezoelectric microresonators provide strong surface magnetic fields (cavity quantum magnetodyamics). These fields can be used to efficiently interface and readout nanoscale spin systems with reduced crosstalk.
High-Speed Adaptive Optics Imaging of Retinal Hemodynamics in the Living Human Eye
Authors: Zhang Yuhua , Wang Xiaolin , Hoshi Sujin , Liu Ruixue
Published: January 2023

Using a high-speed and high-resolution adaptive optics ophthalmoscope, we present a method to study retinal hemodynamics in blood vessels of various sizes, from capillary to large arterioles and venules in the living human eye.
UV-compatible photonic integrated circuits for label-free structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Lin Chupao , Peñaranda Juan Santo Domingo , Dendooven Jolien , Detavernier Christophe , Schaubroeck David , Boon Nico , Baets Roel , Le Thomas Nicolas
Published: January 2023

There is a growing interest in photonic integrated circuits for biophotonic applications. Here, we present such a circuit operating in the ultraviolet that allows us to implement super-resolved label-free structured illumination on yeast cells.
Orbital Coherent Population Trapping with a Tin-Vacancy Color Center
Authors: Torun Cem Güney , Munns Joseph Hugh Daekin , Herrmann Franziska Marie , Pieplow Gregor , Pregnolato Tommaso , Schröder Tim
Published: January 2023

Tin-vacancy color centers in diamond are promising for quantum communication and information applications. Here, we determine the coherence time of orbital qubit states through coherent population trapping.