bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organization of the Lesson Process on the Basis of Innovative Educational Technologies in Geography
Authors: Hayitovna Aslanova Feruza
Published: December 2022

this article provides information on the establishment of a modern and innovative educational environment in the teaching of geography science. Geographical education is said to be a reliable basis for studying countries and the planet.Sufficient recommendations have been made to increase efficiency in geography.
Peculiarities and Differences of French, Uzbek and Russian Fables: Ideology and Image Analysis
Authors: Ganiev Fazliddin
Published: December 2022

The article provides a comparative analysis of Krylov's tales and their sourcesin the work of J. de La Fonten. “Zarbulmasal”, a collection of popular Uzbek proverbs and fables, willalso be analyzed to analyze the differences between cultures. Krylov's understanding of the Frenchpoet's legacy is studied in two ways: structurally and historically. It shows, firstly, how the plots of LaFonten have changed in Krylov's work, and secondly, how Krylov's approach to the interpretation ofLa Fonten has changed over time. As a result of these analyzes, we can see that the importance ofcultural boundaries disappears in the development of the genre of educational and pedagogicalfables.
The Historical Background of the Definition of Barbarism and its Occurrence in The Literary Texts
Authors: Sobirova Zarnigor Rakhimovna
Published: December 2022

The article defines the word barbarism and its historical etymology. It studies its occurrence in the poetry and literature of the world.
Functional Aspects of Pragmatics tn the Text
Authors: Yuldosheva Mavjuda Khairullayevna
Published: December 2022

The article provides an overview of text creation and the importance of pragmatics in text creation. At the same time, the text also provides insights into the functional aspects of pragmatics. In addition, all features were analyzed using comprehensive examples.
Reflection of the Creative Personality on The Basis of The Biographical Method In Works Of Art
Authors: Adizova O.I.
Published: December 2022

The given article reveals the expression of the writer’s personal aspects by means of biographical method. It also discusses the writers’ skill of using the biographical method and by this method justifies the existence of the information related to the writer’s biography in literary works.
Issues of Development of Cocoon Growing and Processing Industry in Surkhandarya Region
Authors: Abdunazarov Husan Mengliyevich
Published: December 2022

Examples of development of silkworm breeding and recycling industry in Surkhandarya region were considered. in which the kholas in thedistricts are given and analyzed over the years. conclusions are given.
Interactive Methods in the Learning Process
Authors: N.Z.Rasuleva
Published: December 2022

This article discusses interactive teaching methods and their application in the educational process.
Development of Socio-Cultural Competence
Authors: N.R.Rustamova
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to describe socio-cultural competence, its structure and components, as well as its importance in the modern world. We have studied and analyzed the points of view of various scientists, as well as psychological studies in this field. The topic is relevant indeed in the modern process of globalization. At the end of the article the conclusion of the reviewed materials and studies is also presente.
Macroeconomic Associations and Monetary Credit Policy for Employment in the Conditions of Sustainable Growth
Authors: Amirjanova Sitora Sunnat kizi
Published: December 2022

Improving monetary policy necessitates the study of the rules of leading monetary concepts and the formation of scientific and practical conclusions and recommendations that serve to justify their practical significance. The article examines the provisions of the leading monetary concepts and substantiates their use in improving the monetary policy of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Psychological Characteristics of Primary School Children
Authors: A.B. Ashirbekova
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to some methods of work through which it is possible to implement a personality-oriented approach to learning.
Using Ms Excel Function to Solve Economic Problems
Authors: Gulshoda Shodmonkulovna Qudratova
Published: December 2022

The paper discusses the main and frequently used formulas in Excel for use in the field of economics: IF, SUMIF, VLOOKUP, SUMPRODUCT, COUNT, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN.
The Necessity of Structural Changes in The Development of the National Economy
Authors: Norbekov Fazliddin
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes the dynamics of economic growth in the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and identifies the sectors of the economy on the basis of which economic growth is provided in the country. In addition, the share of economic sectors in GDP and the dynamics of their growth rates were analyzed.
Competence and Competency-Based Approach in Education
Authors: D.A.Muratova
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes the term and concept of competence, as well as the competence-based approach in education
Modern Interpretation of Essence of Profit As a Source For Forming Financial Resources
Authors: Alieva S.S
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the characterization of the nature of profit, the sources of its occurrence, factors affecting the mechanism of profit generation, competition, which arises for the purpose of making a profit depending on the type of market structure. The nature of profit is considered from the point of view of a critical analysis of the theories of various economic schools, assessments of their weak and strong points.
Revival and development of the economy of the countries in the context of them in the project “One belt, one way”
Authors: Zaynalov J.R.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the characterization of economic development in the framework of the project “One Belt, One Way”. Also, the most deeply studied, the government intervention in the economy. The emphasis is placed on the fact that a large number of difficulties arise that limit this activity and introduce it into a certain framework.
Application of harmonized fighting system against pomegranate orchard
Authors: Mirzaeva S.A  , Kambarova M.X , Irgashev M.U , Rasulova M.B
Published: December 2022

Pomegranate fruit is a monophage, and at the same time is also a typical carpophage, that is, the fruit is a moth. During the season, the pomegranate fruit develops from the 5th generation in full and in part from the 6th generation. In order to protect the pomegranate from pomegranate fruit, it is desirable to support all methods of the adaptive protection system (in particular: organizational-economic, agrotechnical, physico-mechanical, biological and chemical), bringing the number of pests to IZMM and below.
Main objectives of mental education
Authors: Ochilova Nigora Ruzimuratovna
Published: December 2022

The relevance of this problem lies in the fact that mental education is an important and at the same time the most difficult section of work in the development of the child, the development of the child occurs both in the course of communication with an adult, playing with pears, and in the process of systematic learning. Themost important role in this is played by this process of mental education carried out in the classroom. The mental upbringing of the child appears not only as the mastery of knowledge and ways of mental activity, but also as the formation of certain personality traits.
The Effect of Perceived Convenience, Perceived Usefulness and Trust on Interest in Using Electronic Wallets at the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo
Authors: Karindra Anisa Ayu , Sari Dewi Komala
Published: December 2022

In this regard, the payment system used by the community is also developing. Currently, the payment system is not only in the form of physical (cash) but there is already technology that can replace money into an intangible (non-cash) commonly called electronic money. OVO is an application that can be used to make purchase or payment transactions. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of perceptions of convenience, perception of usability, and trust both partially and simultaneously on the interest in using the OVO application at the University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo.This research uses quantitative data. And samples were taken as many as 100. The data analysis technique in this study uses data processing assistance from IBM SPSS version 25 software. The tests carried out are validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test which includes normality test, linearity test, autocorrelation test, heteroscedasticity test, and multicollinearity test, then using multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing includes t-test and f-test, then the multiple correlation coefficient and multiple determination coefficients are tested.The results of the study prove that Perceived Ease Of Use affects intention to use, perceived usefulness affects intention to use, Trust affects intention to use, as well as intention to use, perceived usefulness, and trust simultaneously affect intention to use of OVO application users at University of Muhammadiyah in Sidoarjo.
Description of Altruistic Behavior of Muhammadiyah Volunteers in Spreading Covid-19 in Sidoarjo
Authors: Anggraenni Ratih Puspita , Hazim Hazim
Published: December 2022

This study aims to find out the description of altruistic behavior in MDMC volunteers in the screening of COVID-19 corpses in Sidoarjo and to find out what factors encourage their involvement as MDMC volunteers in the screening of COVID-19 corpses in Sidoarjo. The method used is qualitative in the form of phenomenology. This study also uses an interview technique based on Story Telling and semi-structured interviews. The subject of the study was an MDMC volunteer in Sidoarjo who served as the relocation of COVID-19 bodies in Sidoarjo. The results of this study are that the subject can take the time to help others who are in need, in addition to taking the time the subject also feels tolerant when he sees a corpse that has died from Covid-19, not only that the five research subjects also have a high social spirit, they can control themselves, and they also basically have a helping spirit from an early age which is obtained from parenting patterns from childhood.
Reorganization of Northern Peri-Gondwanan Terranes at Cambrian–Ordovician Times: Insights from the Detrital Zircon Record of the Ossa-Morena Zone (SW Iberian Massif)
Authors: Accotto Cristina , Azor Antonio , Martínez Poyatos David , Pedrera Antonio , González Lodeiro Francisco
Published: December 2022

The Ossa-Morena Zone constitutes a fringe Gondwana-related terrane all along the Paleozoic. This continental block has been classically interpreted as being attached to a portion of the northern Gondwanan margin located close to the West African Craton. We report here the results of U-Pb dating on detrital zircon grains from 15 metasedimentary rocks collected in two well-exposed and well-dated Cambrian sections (Córdoba and Zafra) of the Ossa-Morena Zone. The studied samples show a dominant late Tonian-Ediacaran population peaked at c. 600 Ma. Secondary populations are Rhyacian-early Orosirian and late Orosirian-Statherian in age, with maxima at c. 2.1 and 1.9 Ga. Minor detrital zircon populations are Mesoarchean-early Siderian in age, with peaks between c. 3.05 and 2.45 Ga. Most of the studied samples lack a Stenian-early Tonian population, except for two of them with a minor peak at c. 1 Ga. Our results corroborate previous studies that locate the Ossa-Morena Zone close to the West African Craton and/or the Tuareg Shield (i.e., in a western position with respect to other Variscan zones of the Iberian Massif) at the onset of the rifting stage that opened the Rheic Ocean. Nevertheless, the absence of a significant Stenian-early Tonian population in the Cambrian Ossa-Morena rocks contrasts with the reported results on middle Ordovician-Lower Devonian rocks of this zone, which systematically contain an important population with a peak at c. 1 Ga. We relate this change to the latest Ediacaran-early Ordovician paleogeographic/paleotectonic evolution of the Ossa-Morena Zone, which might have recorded a significant eastward displacement, together with a reorganization of the drainage systems. Thus, the vanishing stages of the Cadomian orogeny could have translated eastward the Ossa-Morena Zone terrane at latest Ediacaran-earliest Cambrian time due to change in plate kinematics from subduction to right-lateral shearing. This translation would have shifted the Ossa-Morena Zone from an Ediacaran location close to the West African Craton to a Cambrian position close to the Tuareg Shield. Finally, the rift-to-drift transition occurred at late Cambrian-early Ordovician time along the northern Gondwanan margin would have reorganized the drainage systems, facilitating sediment supply from an eastern source with abundant Stenian-early Tonian detrital zircon grains, probably the Saharan Metacraton.
Interleukins and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Fang , Mi Jiarui , Bai Xiaoyin , Ruan Gechong , Zhang Yu , Yu Kang
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims: Interleukins (ILs) are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however the direction and causal effects of them susceptibility remain unclear. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to investigate the causal relationship.
Materials and Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with 10 ILs were used as instrumental variables. Summary-level results of estimates for the associations of NAFLD were obtained from two large multi-centered NAFLD genome-wide association study (2,377 cases and 23,5679 controls). For univariable MR, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was applied, while MR-Egger, Weighted Median and MRPRESSO were conducted as sensitivity analyses. Lastly, we performed meta-analyses with estimates from the two cohorts.
Results: IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) demonstrated a suggested significant association with an increased risk of NAFLD in both cohorts, with OR 1.435 (95%CI, 1.041-1.977, P=0.0270) and 1.424 (95%CI, 1.011-2.004, P=0.0430), respectively. The combined estimate OR 1.430 (95%CI, 1.132-1.807, P=0.0027). Furthermore, genetically proxied IL-6 and IL-6 receptor alpha (IL-6Ra) levels displayed consistent positive trend with an increased risk of NAFLD, although none of them reach suggestive significance. Notably, the pooled estimates were 1.827 (95% CI, 1.328-2.514, P=0.0002) for IL-6 and 1.098 (95% CI, 1.026-1.176, P=0.0068) for IL-6Ra, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed consistent positive trend towards the increased NAFLD susceptibility, though none of them achieved statistical significance.
Conclusion: The results suggested genetically proxied circulating of IL-1Ra, IL-6, and IL-6Ra are causally associated with the risk of NAFLD. Moreover, our data highlights the potential targeted measures and drug repurposing strategies in the NAFLD prevention and treatment.
Resident satisfaction Indicators in long term care settings in the United States: A scoping review
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Mpofu Elias , Yin Cheng
Published: December 2022

Background Due to an increasingly aging population and long-term care available, the number of older adults seeking long-term care facilities is growing. Resident satisfaction indicators have become important measurements of service quality. However, few scoping reviews have investigated the evidence on prevalent resident satisfaction indicators and associated factors. The aim of the study is to summarize the evidence on the types of resident satisfaction indicators utilized in long term care settings in the United States
Methods We searched the PubMed, PsycInfo, AgeLine, MEDLINE, Web of Science for articles that published on resident care satisfaction indicators in long-term care facilities and that published in English language journals from inception to 2021. Following PRSMA guideline, 510 titles and abstracts were screened for relevance.
Results A total of 33 articles provided evidence about the determinants of resident satisfaction in different long-term care settings. The analysis yielded to groups of indicators of resident care satisfaction: multi-factors indicators spanning room, staff, food, care services, activities, laundry, choice, finances, overall rating, and those relating to single factors of resident satisfaction, including facility factor, resident factors, service program factor, food service factor, and staff factor.
Conclusion Most residential care facilities used multifactor indicators for the benefit of comprehensiveness. Single factor indicators tend to be used for getting a clear picture of what specific changes need to be made in certain service area. Combinations of multiple factors and single factors can obtain both a comprehensive satisfaction and detailed information to guide change.
What acceleration data from wildlife collars and animal body mass tell us about seed dispersal
Authors: Buchmann Carsten M. , Dreyling Lukas , Constantin Mihaela , Schurr Frank M.
Published: December 2022

Background: Animals are very important for plant seed dispersal in light of global change. The study of seed transport on the exterior of animals’ bodies (epizoochory) is particularly challenging due to the difficulty to describe and quantify the process of seed release. Shaking movement of fur has been shown to cause seed release and can hence determine seed retention times, necessary to assess dispersal distances. Such information on shaking movements is, however, only available on the neck of animals thanks to wildlife collars containing accelerometers.
Methods: In order to quantify shaking forces on the main body of mammals where most plant seeds attach, and to predict this body acceleration from (known) neck acceleration, we simultaneously measured acceleration at the neck, the breast and the upper hind leg of mammals spanning a large range of body masses. We quantify shaking strength as the 95%-quantile of the resultant acceleration (of all measured values in data subsections of five seconds).
Results: While, compared to the neck, acceleration had a similar range of values at the breast and was considerably higher at the leg, neck acceleration in combination with animal body mass proved to be a very valuable predictor: 81 and 63% of variation in breast and leg acceleration could be explained, respectively.
Conclusions: These results enable the use of available acceleration data from animals’ necks to predict body acceleration for mammals with known body mass. In combination with i) further lab experiments to determine seed release in dependence of fur acceleration for specific seed-fur combinations, and ii) animal movement data, this information can be used to predict probability and spatial distributions of seed dispersal. Besides seed dispersal, we believe that the ability to predict body acceleration on mammals should also benefit other ecological fields like parasitology.
Spatial patterns and the associated factors for breast cancer hospitalization in Fujian Province, China
Authors: Song Mengjie , Huang Xiaoxi , Wei Xueqiong , Tang Xuwei , Rao Zhixiang , Hu Zhijian , Yang Haomin
Published: December 2022

Background
Despite the known increasing incidence of breast cancer in China, evidence on the spatial pattern of hospitalization for breast cancer is scarce. This study aimed to describe the disparity of breast cancer hospitalization in Southeast China and to explore the impacts from socioeconomic factors and heavy metal pollution in soil.
Methods
This study was conducted using the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) claims data covering 25.52 million female rural residents from 73 counties in Southeast China during 2015–2016. The associations between breast cancer hospitalization and socioeconomic factors and soil heavy metals pollutants were evaluated with quasi-Poisson regression models and geographically weighted Poisson regressions (GWPR).
Results
The annual hospitalization rate for breast cancer was 101.40/100,000 in the studied area and the rate varied across different counties. Overall, hospitalization for breast cancer was associated with road density (β = 0.43, P = 0.02), urbanization (β = 0.02, P = 0.002) and soil cadmium (Cd) pollution (β = 0.01, P = 0.02). In the GWPR model, a stronger spatial association of Cd, road density and breast cancer hospitalization was found in the northeast regions of the study area while breast cancer hospitalization was mainly related to urbanization in the western regions.
Conclusions
Soil Cd pollution, road density, and urbanization were associated with breast cancer hospitalization in different regions. Findings in this study might provide valuable information for healthcare policies and intervention strategies for breast cancer.
Factors Influencing Sexual and Reproductive Health-related Misuse of Digital Media in Bangladesh
Authors: BakiBillah Abul Hasan , Chowdhury ABM Alauddin , Hamid Syed Abdul
Published: December 2022

This study explored factors influencing the sexual and reproductive health-related misuse of digital media in Bangladesh. The study adopted Key-Informant-Interview (KII) among the Nineteen (19) relevant key informants including academicians, researchers, policymakers, and activists. The thematic analysis of the transcripts was carried out. The mean age of the informants was 40 (SD+/- 6.8) years with having a minimum level of a bachelor degree. Easy access to indecent (porn) sites, low self-awareness of the girls in using social networking sites and other digital devices, the culture of injustice and muscle-men phenomenon, parent’s negligence, and the level of awareness were found as the major factors behind the misuse of digital media in the form of cyber-bullying, sexting, revenge porn, sextortion, access to and production of porn videos, etc. This study revealed that women and girls are the prime victims of the misuse where the worst form of victimization is to lead a deplorable life as a sex-slave and persist with chronic mental disorders. The study recommended that the complete ban on provocative indecent websites, high level of awareness among the women and girls, seeking immediate help from the law-enforcement agencies, and importantly, parents’ full-fledged care and attention.
Bright Semiconductor Single-Photon Sources Pumped by Heterogeneously Integrated Micropillar lasers with Electrical Injections
Authors: Liu Jin , Li Xueshi , Liu Shunfa , Wei Yuming , Ma Jiantao , Song Changkun , Yu Ying , Su Rongbin , Geng Wei , Ni Hai-Qiao , Liu Hanqing , Su Xiangbin , Niu Zhichuan , Chen You-Ling
Published: December 2022

The emerging hybrid integrated quantum photonics combines advantages of different functional components into a single chip to meet the stringent requirements for quantum information processing. Despite the tremendous progress in hybrid integrations of III-V quantum emitters with silicon-based photonic circuits and superconducting single-photon detectors, on-chip optical excitations of quantum emitters via miniaturized lasers towards single-photon sources (SPSs) with low power consumptions, small device footprints and excellent coherence properties is highly desirable yet illusive. In this work, we present realizations of bright semiconductor singe-photon sources heterogeneously integrated with on-chip electrically-injected microlasers. Different from previous one-by-one transfer printing technique implemented in hybrid quantum dot (QD) photonic devices, multiple deterministically coupled QD-circular Bragg Grating (CBG) SPSs were integrated with electrically-injected micropillar lasers at one time via a potentially scalable transfer printing process assisted by the wide-field photoluminescence (PL) imaging technique. Optically pumped by electrically-injected microlasers, pure single photons are generated with a high-brightness of a count rate of 3.8 M/s and an extraction efficiency of 21.5%. Such a high-brightness is due to the enhancement by the cavity mode of the CBG, which is confirmed by a Purcell factor of 2.5. Our work provides a powerful tool for advancing hybrid integrated quantum photonics in general and boosts the developments for realizing highly-compact, energy-efficient and coherent SPSs in particular.
Simulation of inertial droplet dispersion and the spray mediated fluxes in the atmospheric boundary layer above waved water surface: a Lagrangian stochastic model versus direct numerical simulation
Authors: Troitskaya Yuliya , Druzhinin Oleg , Gladskikh Daria , Ermakova Olga , Soustova Irina
Published: December 2022

Lagrangian stochastic models (LSM) are widely used to model the dispersion of sea spray droplets injected from the water surface into the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) and for evaluation of the spray impact on the exchange fluxes between the atmosphere and the ocean. While moving through the MABL the droplets pass through the region of high gradients of air velocity, temperature and humidity occurring in the vicinity of the air-water interface. In this case, the applicability of LSMs constructed under the assumption of weakly inhomogeneous flows is questionable. In this work, we develop a Lagrangian stochastic model taking into account the strongly inhomogeneous structure of the airflow in MABL and, in particular, the anisotropy of turbulence dissipation rate. The model constants and the diffusion matrix coefficients are calibrated by comparison of the LSM prediction for the profiles of droplet concentration and the exchange fluxes of sensible and latent heat against the results of direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent, droplet-laden airflow over a waved water surface.
CSF tau phosphorylation at T217 and T205 are improved biomarkers of amyloid and tau pathology in Alzheimer disease
Authors: Barthélemy Nicolas , Saef Benjamin , Li Yan , Gordon Brian , He Yingxin , Horie Kanta , Stomrud Erik , Salvado Gemma , Janelidze Shorena , Sato Chihiro , Ovod Vitaliy , Henson Rachel , Fagan Anne , Benzinger Tammie , Xiong Chengjie , Morris John , Hansson Oskar , Bateman Randall , Schindler Suzanne
Published: December 2022

CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and tau phosphorylated at site 181 (p-tau181) are well-established biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD). This study used mass spectrometry to measure concentrations of 9 phosphorylated and 5 non-phosphorylated species, and phosphorylation occupancies (phosphorylated/non-phosphorylated [%]) at 10 sites. In 750 individuals with a median age of 71.2 years, CSF pT217/T217 (%) predicted amyloid PET status slightly better than Aβ42/Aβ40 (p=0.02). In amyloid PET positive individuals (n=263), CSF pT217/T217 (%) was more strongly correlated with amyloid PET Centiloid (Spearman ρ=0.69) than Aβ42/Aβ40 (ρ = -0.42, p<0.0001). CSF pT217/T217 (%) and pT205/T205 (%) were superior to Aβ42/Aβ40 and similar to tau PET in prediction of cognitive impairment. In two independent cohorts with symptomatic AD (n=55 and n=90), CSF pT217/T217 (%) and pT205/205 (%) were better correlated with tau PET measures than CSF p-tau181 concentration. CSF pT217/T217 (%) and pT205/205 (%) represent improved CSF biomarkers of amyloid and tau pathology in AD.
Off-label Use of an External Hand Fixator for Craniomaxillofacial Fractures – an Anatomical Feasibility Study
Authors: Wichlas Florian , Necchi Marco , Gruber Teresa , Hofmann Valeska , Deininger Susanne , Deininger Markus Sebastian Hubertus , Steidle-Kloc Eva , Pruszak Jan , Deininger Christian
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe lack of resources limits the treatment of craniomaxillofacial fractures in low-income countries (LIC). Therefore, Barton bandage and/or interdental wiring are considered being gold standard in these regions. The fracture reduction is maintained by permanent occlusion for 6 weeks, which often leads to limited compliance and dissatisfying results. Furthermore, in these conditions the healing of nasopharyngeal fistula is difficult. During humanitarian missions CMF need to be treated by trauma surgeons. The aim of this cadaver-based study is to evaluate the feasibility of the use of an external face fixator (EFF) for the treatment of CMF, its biomechanical values and to define the optimal pin insertion points and angles.Material and methodsA commercially available AO hand fixator was used. Craniomaxillofacial fractures type Le Fort 1-3 with split fracture of the hard palate were treated with EFF on 13 anatomical specimens. The fractures were created using a chisel. The pins were placed in specific anatomical regions. The maximal pull-out force [N] of the pins was analysed by a tensile force gauge. As a reference, Fmax of the mandibular pins was evaluated. Computer tomography (CT) scans were performed on the healthy, fractured and EFF-treated skulls. After reduction and EFF placement an adequate reposition was shown in the CT scans.ResultsThe pull-out forces for the single pins were as follows: mandibular pins (n=15, median 488N), supraorbital pins (n=15, median 455.0N), zygomatic pins (n=14, median 269.1N), medial hard palate pins (n=12, median 208.4N) and lateral hard palate pins (n=8, median 49.6N).ConclusionsThe results of the presented study on the cadaver show, that the operation technique is feasible, and the stability of the EFF is sufficient for maintaining the reduction. In addition, the required pins can be safely inserted into the described areas and a good reduction result can be achieved. The technique of the EFF offers a feasible alternative to the non-surgical treatment of CMF in LIC. Thus, the gap between the open reduction and internal fixation techniques (mini-plates) used in High-income countries and the Barton bandage used in LIC can be closed.Trial registration:A vote of the local ethics committee was obtained (13.01.2022, Ethikkommission Land Salzburg, Austria). EK Nr: 1198/2021 Level of evidence: Level 2
Holographic entanglement entropy with Power-MaxWell electrodynamics in higher dimensional AdS black hole spacetime
Authors: Wang Kongchen , Zhang Wanhe , Yao Weiping
Published: December 2022

We investigate the behaviors of scalar operator and holographic entanglement entropy in metal/superconductor phase transition with Power-MaxWell electrodynamics in higher dimensional background away from the probe limit. We observe that the larger Power-MaxWell parameter b makes the phase transition more difficult and the critical temperature decreases more slowly as the factor b increases. In the belt geometry, we find that the holographic entanglement entropy is a powerful tool to probe the critical temperature and the order of the phase transition. At the phase transition point, the entanglement entropy increases with the increase of the factor b and the belt width of the geometry $\ell$. Interestingly, the width $\ell$ has no effect on critical temperature of the phase transition.
PACS numbers: 11.25.Tq, 04.70.Bw, 74.20.-z, 97.60.Lf.
Reactivation of memory-encoding dentate gyrus neurons during memory consolidation is associated with subregion-specific, learning- and sleep-mediated biosynthetic changes
Authors: Wang Lijing , Park Lauren , Wu Weisheng , King Dana , Medina Alexis Vega , Raven Frank , Martinez Jessy , Ensing Amy , Yang Zhongying , Jiang Sha , Aton Sara
Published: December 2022

Post-learning sleep plays an important role in hippocampal memory processing, including contextual fear memory (CFM) consolidation. Here, we used targeted recombination in activated populations (TRAP) to label context-encoding engram neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and assessed reactivation of these neurons during post-learning sleep. We find that post-learning sleep deprivation (SD), which impairs CFM consolidation, selectively disrupts reactivation in inferior blade DG engram neurons. This change was linked to more general suppression of neuronal activity markers in the inferior, but not superior, DG blade by SD. To further characterize how learning and subsequent sleep or SD affect these (and other) hippocampal subregions, we used subregion-specific spatial profiling of transcripts and proteins. We found that transcriptomic responses to sleep loss differed greatly between hippocampal regions CA1, CA3, and DG inferior blade, superior blade, and hilus. Critically, learning-driven transcriptomic changes, measured 6 h following contextual fear learning, were limited to the two DG blades, differed dramatically between the blades, and were absent from all other regions. Similarly, protein abundance in these hippocampal subregions were differentially impacted by sleep vs. SD and by prior learning, with the majority of alterations to protein expression restricted to DG. Together, these data suggest that the DG plays an essential role in the consolidation of hippocampal memories, and that the effects of sleep and sleep loss on the hippocampus are highly subregion-specific, even within the DG itself.
Morphological and organic spectroscopic studies of a 44-million-year-old leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with preserved α-chitin
Authors: Mitchell Jerit L. , McKellar Ryan C. , Barbi Mauricio , Coulson Ian M. , Bukejs Andris
Published: December 2022

This study details the quality of organic preservation of amber deposits in the Eocene. Through Baltic amber crack-out studies using Synchrotron Micro-Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy it was found that the cuticle of a specimen of leaf beetle (Crepidodera tertiotertiaria) (Alticini: Galerucinae: Chrysomelidae)) is exceptionally well preserved. Spectroscopic analysis using Synchrotron Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy shows presence of original organic α-chitin, and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy supports the presence of organic preservation. This sets a new upper temporal limit for the preservation of original chitin found in insects (25 to 44 Ma). This unprecedented preservation is interpreted as the result of the favourable antimicrobial and physical shielding properties of Baltic amber as compared to other depositional media, coupled to rapid dehydration of the beetle early in its taphonomic process. We suggest that pessimism associated with ancient original organic preservation can be challenged as long as the pitfalls of organic spectroscopy are properly managed and appropriate targets are chosen for analysis.
Socio-ecological resilience of marginal coral reefs in Java Sea Indonesia
Authors: Suryono Suryono , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto , Munasik Munasik , Wijayanti Diah Permata
Published: December 2022

The marginal coral reefs in the Java Sea, Indonesia, have been degraded due to two main factors: disturbances from nature and human activities (anthropogenic). The accumulated increased pressure it receives has resulted in more severe degradation impacts on coral reef ecosystems. Therefore, it is essential to know the socio-ecological resilience of the coral reef ecosystem. The research aims to study the socio-ecological resilience of marginal coral reefs in the Java Sea. The research method used was the survey method. The socio-ecological resilience index was assessed from the attributes of bioecology of coral reefs resilience, reef fish resilience, Socio-cultural resilience, and Socioeconomic resilience. The results showed that the bioecology Coral reef resilience index was in the medium category (2 .72). The resilience index of reef fish was in the inferior class (1). The socio-cultural resilience index is good (3,62), socioeconomic resilience index has a good resilience value (3.14). The socio-ecological resilience index of the coral reef ecosystem is 2.45, which means the poor category.
Desiderata for the governance of health data hubs for research
Authors: Alvarez-Romero Celia , Martínez-García Alicia , Bernabeu-Wittel Máximo , Parra-Calderón Carlos Luis
Published: December 2022

Background
Digital transformation in healthcare and the growth of health data generation and collection include an important challenge for the secondary use of healthcare records in the health research field. Likewise, due to the ethical and legal constraints for using sensitive data, understanding how health data is managed by dedicated infrastructures called data hubs is essential to facilitate data sharing and reuse.
Methods
In order to capture the different data governance behind health data hubs across Europe, a survey focused on analysing the feasibility of linking individual-level data between data collections and the generation of health data governance patterns was carried out. The target audience of this study was National, European, and Worldwide data hubs. In total, the designed survey was sent to a representative list of 99 health data hubs in January 2022.
Results
In total, 41 survey responses received till June 2022 were analysed in-depth. Stratification methods were performed to cover the different levels of granularity identified in some data hubs’ characteristics. Firstly, a general pattern of data governance for data hubs was defined. Afterward, specific profiles were defined, generating specific patterns of data governance through the stratifications in terms of the kind of organisation (centralised vs. decentralised), and role (data controller or data processor) of the health data hubs interviewees.
Conclusions
The in-depth analysis of the responses from health data hubs interviewees across Europe provided a list of the most frequent aspects that concluded a set of specific recommendations on data management and governance, taking into account the constraints of sensitive data. In summary, a data hub should work in a centralised way providing a Data Processing Agreement and a formal procedure to identify data providers, as well as data quality control, data integrity and anonymisation methods.
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Level Predicts the Prognosis in Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Gu Shuo , Yang Chao
Published: December 2022

Background
Recently, several studies investigated the association between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and the prognosis of urothelial carcinoma. However, no studies explored the role of serum LDH level in the survival of overall bladder cancer (BC). In this study, we intended to address the association of LDH level with the prognosis of BC.
Methods
206 patients with BC were included in this study. The clinical data and blood samples of patients were collected. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were used. Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test were used to evaluate the effects of LDH level on the survival of BC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify prognosis predictors of BC.
Results
Data indicated that serum LDH level in the BC patients was significantly higher than those in controls. In addition, this study suggested that serum LDH level was associated with T stage, N stage, tumor size, M stage, pathological type, treatment methods, and lymphovascular invasion. The Kaplan-Meier analysis found significant differences in the OS and PFS rate between lower and higher serum LDH level groups (LDH ≥ 225 U/L and < 225 U/L). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that pathological type, treatment methods, and higher level of LDH were independently associated with adverse prognosis in BC patients.
Conclusion
The higher serum LDH level (≥ 225 U/L) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with BC. Serum LDH level could be used as a novel predictive biomarker for BC patients.
Path analysis of the role of frailty, psychological state, and sleep quality on quality of life in patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Tao MingFen , Ding YuDie , Zhuang Ying , Ma ShaoYong , Yao YingShui , Chen Yan
Published: December 2022

Background

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) incidence has increased recently. Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), which removes squandering and extra fluid from the blood while maintaining electrolyte balance, is a commonly used treatment for people with ESRD. MHD decreases the likelihood of ESRD complications while enhancing the quality of life. Therefore, MHD is an important treatment option for patients with ESRD.

Objectives

The study aimed to investigate the correlation between the influencing factors and quality of life in patients receiving MHD and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical medical workers to carry out targeted treatment and nursing of patients receiving MHD.

Material and Methods

Participants were recruited from the Blood Purification Center of a tertiary hospital in Wuhu City, a total of 147 samples received MHD treatment since 2015. Standardized interviews were conducted with 147 patients. The EQ-5D-5L, Kessler10, SRSS, and FRAIL scales, measure various aspects of life quality, mental health, sleep quality, and debilitating status, respectively. And structural equation model of influencing factors related to the quality of life was constructed.

Results

The UI (Mean = 0.82) for 147 participants was lower than normal (Mean = 0.98). There were significant differences in UI effect values in patients receiving MHD of different ages, education levels, exercise habits, sleep duration, primary disease, and comorbidity (all P < 0.05), and CVAS effect values between patients receiving MHD with different family locations, primary diseases, comorbidity and erythromycin-stimulating frequency (all P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the degree of frailty and the quality of life of patients receiving MHD (P = 0.034). There was a negative correlation between mental state and quality of life (P < 0.001) and a negative correlation between sleep quality and mental state (P < 0.001). Psychological status played a mediating role between sleep quality and quality of life in patients with MHD (Effect value is 0.005, P = 0.001 < 0.05).

Conclusion

Patients on maintenance hemodialysis have a poor quality of life. The quality of life is influenced by a variety of factors. To lessen the burden of symptoms and enhance patients' quality of life, customized nursing interventions should be developed following the individual conditions of each patient.
Perceptions surrounding the possible interaction between physical activity, pollution and asthma in children and adolescents with and without asthma
Authors: Jordan Kathryn A , Mackintosh Kelly A , Davies Gwyneth A , Griffiths Chris J , Lewis Paul D , McNarry Melitta
Published: December 2022

The interrelationship between air pollution and childhood asthma is debated. Specifically, the management of asthma is partially dependent on maintaining physical activity (PA), but this may lead to increased exposure to, and deeper inhalation of, pollutants. Despite the recent air quality campaigns and media coverage surrounding the dangers of air pollution to respiratory health, few target children and their understanding of such issues. Using semi structured interviews, understanding of PA, air pollution and their interaction was explored with 25 youth aged 7–17 years. Utilising NVIVO 12 software, an atheoretical, inductive thematic analysis was conducted to identify key themes which were subsequently presented as pen with the number of common responses within a theme indicative of its strength. The majority (88%) of youth’s indicated traffic-related air pollution and global manufacturing as key sources of air pollution. Whilst all youths were aware of outdoor pollution, only 52% were aware of indoor air pollutants, of which 62% had asthma. Despite some uncertainty, all youths described pollution in a negative fashion, with 52% linking air pollution to undesirable effects on health, specifically respiratory health. PA in a polluted area was thought to be more dangerous than beneficial by 44%, although 24% suggested the benefits of PA would outweigh any detriment from pollution. Youth are aware of, and potentially compensate for, the interaction between air pollution and PA. Strategies are needed to allow youth to make more informed decisions regarding how to promote PA whilst minimising exposure to air pollution.
Status of Ornamental Fish Cyphotilapia Frontosa Trade From Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania
Authors: Peter Florence J. , Kitula Rukia A.
Published: December 2022

This study focused on assessing the status of ornamental fish Cyphotilapia frontosa trade from Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania to provide a good ground for interested parties to undertake well-designed interventions to protect wild stock from depletion. Purposive sampling was used to select fishers and traders of ornamental fish from Katonga, Mwamugongo and Ilagala villages in Kigoma for interview. Key informant interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires were used for primary data collection. The results showed that much attention is paid during handling and packaging of ornamental fish from collection point to destination to maximize their survival rate. However, there were declining trends of ornamental fish exportation from 15,398 to 12,722 between 2013 and 2019. Ornamental fish C. frontosa are sold in pairs and the most common sex ratio traded was 1 male:3 females. The most price used in trading C. frontosa ranged from USD16 to USD20. Ornamental fish C. frontosa was a good source of income for local communities and the nation at large. It could generate about TZS 159,516,000/= per year per company from exporting C. frontosa. China was the leading foreign market for ornamental fish C. frontosa from Tanzania. Legal frameworks are important components in the fishery and trade of ornamental fish. There should be ornamental fish breeding of C. frontosa in the country to avoid much dependence on fishing from the Lake hence it will ensure the sustainability of the fishery of ornamental fishes and their trade from one generation to another.
Social Vulnerability to Environmental Disasters in the Paraopeba River Watershed, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Roque Mariane Paulina batalha , Neto José Ambrósio Ferreira , Vieira Wilson da Cruz , Rocha Bianca Diniz da , Calegario Arthur Telles
Published: December 2022

The increase in the number of environmental disasters, in recent years, has led to a reorientation of research and programs. This study proposes a set of 16 theoretically significant variables to measure and map vulnerability in Brazil, after about a major socioenvironmental disaster in Brazil, also considered one of the biggest in the world. They were grouped into three indicators, social, economic, and infrastructure aspects of the population, obtained from the Brazilian census database. The Córrego do Feijão tailings dam, in Brumadinho, and the Casa de Pedra tailings dam, in Congonhas were taken as case studies. The vulnerability of 48 municipalities and 3,732 census sectors from the Paraopeba River Watershed were explored from two different perspectives: where the disaster has already happened and where it could happen. The index and indicators used were developed in the open-source software and the maps in a geographic information system (SIG). The results show considerable variability. The most vulnerable municipalities are in the lower part of the watershed while the High Paraopeba region is less vulnerable. This paper presents methodological and empirical contributions of the social dimensions of vulnerability the preparation, response, and recovery of affected communities to environmental disasters.