bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOREMOVAL OF COPPER(II) VIA HYDROGEN FERMENTATION OF ECOLOGICALLY HAZARDOUS MULTICOMPONENT FOOD WASTE
Authors: Havryliuk Olesia , Hovorukha Vira , Gladka Galina , Tashyrev Oleksandr
Published: October 2020

The environmental pollution by copper and the increasing amount of environmentally hazardous organic waste destroy natural ecosystems and have negative and even lethal effect on living organisms. The chemical techniques of metal containing waste detoxification are expensive and hazardous being the advanced problem today. The aim was to justify theoretically and confirm experimentally the possibility of toxic Cu2+ removal by hydrogen producing microbiome (HPM) via dark hydrogen fermentation of solid multicomponent food waste (MFW). Colorimetric and potentiometric methods were used for pH and redox potential measurement. Volumetric and chromatographic methods were applied to control volume and composition of synthesized gas. Fermentation parameters were calculated with the use of mathematical and statistical ones. The high effectiveness of solid waste destruction and Cu2+ removal was shown by spore forming HPM. The MFW were fastly and effectively digested by the microbiome at the absence of Cu2+. The weight of MFW was 90 times decreased (Kd = 90). The maximum concentration of H2 was 35% and biohydrogen yield was 76 L/kg of MFW counting on absolutely dry weight (ADW). The fermentation process was inhibited by Cu2+ in the form of citrate complex. The biohydrogen yield and efficiency of waste destruction were decreased on 41% (45 L/kg of waste) and 37% (Kd = 57) consequently after addition of 50 ppm Cu2+ to the culture liquid of the bioreactor during the beginning of final phase (50 hours) of MFW fermentation. The effect of complete inhibition of H2 synthesis was obtained in the case of adding 100 ppm Cu2+ to the culture liquid sampled from bioreactor during the final phase (80 hours) of fermentation. Nonetheless, the Cu2+ was bioremoved by HPM with high efficiency up to 99.0 % and 99.5% after 5 hours and 30 hours of fermentation where initially the concentrations of Cu2+ were consequently 50 and 100 ppm. The synthesis of gas was not significantly restored after the addition of Cu2+ in both variants of the experiment. Obtained patterns will be used as a basis for the development of novel universal biotechnologies of metal-containing sewage purification with simultaneous destruction of MFW.
Optimisation of insulation and solar control strategies as function of building’s intended use in the retrofit of massive buildings
Authors: Carbonari Antonio , Scarpa Massimiliano
Published: October 2020

In temperate climates, such as most Italian ones, the need to limit both winter heat losses of buildings and their overheating in other periods is present. The second requirement is particularly relevant in the presence of high internal and solar gains. In these climates, it is not convenient to exceed the insulation thickness. Therefore, when the energy renovation of an old building with heavy masonry is performed it is a question of optimizing the position (internal or external) and the thickness of the additional insulation. Another question is the choice of a solar control strategy, if extended glazed surfaces are present. Both of these problems are present in old Italian public buildings, particularly in schools. This paper presents a computerized methodology for optimizing these choices. The case study consists in a typical school building from the early 1900s with a heavy structure and large glass surfaces in a climate of Northern Italy (Bologna), with cold winter and hot summer. The results show that the external insulation is the best performing, and that there is an optimal thickness when the building is a school. If the building is reused for offices, due to the lower internal gains, the energy convenience of the external insulation increases, but its optimal thickness becomes excessive. Small slats inserted between the glasses are the best performing solar control device from both an energy and visual comfort point of view; on the other hand, the external slats provide better thermal comfort in the warmer period.
Analysis of Resilience of Ventilative Cooling Technologies in a Case Study Building
Authors: Sengupta Abantika , Steeman Marijke , Breesch Hilde
Published: October 2020

Buildings globally are subjected to climate change and heatwaves, causing a risk of overheating and increasing energy use for cooling. Low- energy cooling solutions such as night cooling are promising to realize energy reduction and climate goals. Apart from energy performances, resilience is gaining importance in assessing the performance of the building and its systems. Resilience is defined as “an ability to withstand disruptions caused by extreme weather events, man-made disasters, power failure, change in use and atypical conditions; and to maintain capacity to adapt, learn and transform.” However, there is a clear lack of Resilience indicators specific for low energy cooling technologies. In this paper, the resilience of the night cooling in a residential building in Belgium is assessed for two external events: heat wave and shading failure. This paper shows the first attempt of a resilience indicator for night cooling as the effect on the shock of solar shading failure, heat wave or combination of both. It take 3.4 days to bring down the temperature below 25?, in case of shading failure and heatwaves compared to 9 hours in the reference case. Further research is needed to determine resilience indicators as a performance criteria of low-energy cooling systems.
KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KOMUNIKASI PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Arianto Nurmin,
Published: October 2020

Sekolah menjadi sebuah kebutuhan yang mendasar bagi semua orang  maka dari itu seorang guru dituntut untuk dapat memberikan pengajaran terhadap peserta didik dan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan dan komunikasi serta kepuasan kerja Guru yang berakibat terhadap kinerja guru tersebut, maka dari itu tujuan diadakan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh baik secara parsial atau simultan variabel independen dan dependen serta mengetahui bagaimana  pengaruh variabel mediator.Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jumlah populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 Guru yang mengajar disekolah tersebut dan teknik sample yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh, sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan menggunkan analisis jalur.Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan sebagain besar guru yang ada disekolah adalah laki-laki dengan usia 36-45th dan lulusan S1. Dari tanggapan responden bahwa kepemimpinan, komunikasi dan kepuasan kerja serta kinerja yang ada disekolah sudah baik walaupun masih terdapat beberapa keluhan guru, namun dari hasil analisis  bahwa kepemimpinan, komunikasi dan kepuasan kerjan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja serta kepemimpinan dan komunikasi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kepuaan kerja, sehingga  kepuasan kerja  dapat menjadi mediator dalam mempengaruhi kepemimpinanan terhadap kinerja dan kepuasan kerja dapat  menjadi mediator dalam mempengaruhi komunikasi terhadap kinerja.Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Komunikasi, Kepuasan, Kinerja
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING PYTHON PROGRAMMING IN THE SCHOOL INFORMATICS COURSE
Authors: Panova I. V. , Kolivnyk A. A.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the features of teaching programming in Python of high school students, taking into account the experience of programming in the Pascal language obtained by students in the main school. Based on the analysis of the content of textbooks for in-depth study of informatics and their own experience of teaching informatics, the authors show the advantages of the Python language for motivating students to study it and use specific examples to reveal certain methodological aspects of teaching programming in the Python language. In particular, using a comparative analysis of program codes for implementing data input and output procedures, conditional algorithmic construction, as well as for describing data types in two programming languages, the authors clearly show the advantages of developing programs in Python. More specific details of programming are considered on the example of the theme "Arrays".
Kesiapan Perguruan Tinggi dalam Menghadapi Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Hendra Djaja
Published: October 2020

Perubahan, bagaimana pun adalah suatu keniscayaan dan tidak pernah ada sesuatu di dunia ini yang tidak berubah. Tinggal, bagaimana orang, siap atau tidak, dalam menerima perubahan. Bagi mereka yang tidak siap menerima perubahan, tentu akan tertinggal di belakang atau menghindari perubahan dengan meninggalkan panggung pergaulan kehidupan. Perguruan tinggi adalah suatu sosok kehidupan yang siap untuk menerima perubahan tersebut. Khalayak pun sangat memahami dan menyadarinya. Itulah sebabnya, Revolusi Industri 4.0 meskipun baru, tentu perguruan tinggi siap untuk menerimanya. Namun jika dicermati, ternyata, kesiapan menerima Revolusi Industri 4.0 adalah sesuatu yang tidak ada kaitan langsung dengan perguruan tinggi dimaksud. Ia seperti lembaga yang lain, tentu dengan senang hati menerimanya, termasuk dalam pikiran-pikiran perguruan tinggi. Namun, jika sesuatu perubahan berkaitan langsung dengan dirinya, persoalannya, menjadi tidak mudah, apalagi jika sampai memasukkan dalam pikiran-pikirannya.
Comparison Of Simple Moving Average and Exponential Smoothing Methods To Predict Seaweed Prices
Authors: Agustian Harliyus , Pujiastuti Asih , Sayoga Muhammad Varian
Published: October 2020

Seaweed is one of the main superior commodities in the City of Tarakan. The problem often faced in the field is that the increase in production is not proportional to the price of seaweed that fluctuates every month from year to year, making it difficult for collectors to determine the price of seaweed for sale. Price increases caused by various factors such as the drying process, long marketing chains, and increasing demand from domestic companies. In determining the price of seaweed in the future some approach is needed to predict or predict the price of seaweed in the following month. Forecasting (forecast) is an activity or business that knows the events that will occur at that time will use historical data. Prediction methods used in this study are Simple Moving Average and Exponential Smoothing, these two methods will be guided to find out the most appropriate method used in predicting. Based on the minimum error value calculated using the values of MAD, MSE, MFE, MAPE and CFE, it is found that the Simple moving average forecasting method is considered the best method that can be used to forecast seaweed prices.
Examining the Commitment to the Organization of the Employees Who Work in a Organization against Stress, Workload and Psychological Empowerment
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Zafer , KUCUKOGLU İrem
Published: October 2020

Work stress experienced by employees at intense work pressure can both adversely affect employees psychologically and cause organizations to get negative outcomes. That employees experience workload does not indicate that they are under stress. It is necessary to be aware that workload and stress are different concepts. Employees who are experiencing workload can be positively reflected to the organization when they do their job gladly, willingly and fondly. However, negative effects may occur if employees work under stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of work stress, workload, psychological empowerment on organizational commitment. The sample mass of the study consists of 344 white-collar employees in different companies in the service sector. After analyzing factor and reliability of the findings by using IBM SPSS 25 and AMOS programs, hypotheses were tested with regression analyzes and the results were evaluated. In addition, Hayes process was used to analyze the mediator variable effect. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that organizational commitment is positively affected when psychological empowerment is applied to employees.
Reception Analysis for Violence and Reproduction Against Women in Turkish Media
Authors: ELİTAŞ Türker
Published: October 2020

The TV public spot entitled March 8 8 women, which was selected as an example in this research and broadcasted on Turkish television, was specially prepared for women's day as a project against violence on women. However, there is a discrepancy between the intended target and the content presented. Based on this idea, how the public spotlight is received by the audience has been analyzed using the method of reception analysis. In addition, the media-violence-society relationship was tried to be resolved by interpreting the participants' position in society and their thoughts on violence against women. Within the scope of the research, interviews were conducted separately with 20 participants, consisting of university students, at different times and places. Of the 20 participants selected from among students of different family and social class types, with different political views and studying in different faculties, 10 were male and 10 were female. The age range of the participants ranged from 18 to 27.
Türkiye’de İhracat ve Yatırım Teşvikleri Arasındaki İlişki: ARDL Sınır Testi
Authors: ŞEKER Ayberk
Published: October 2020

Küresel ekonomiyle bağlı olarak, ülkeler ekonomik kalkınma ve refah düzeylerini arttırmak için sosyal, politik ve ekonomik alanlarda faaliyet göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, ülkelerin hangi sektörlere, nasıl ve ne ölçüde müdahale etmesi gerektiği tartışma konusudur. Genellikle devlet teşvikleri olarak adlandırılan bu müdahaleler, ülkelerin piyasa üzerinde ekonomi politikası araçlarını kullanarak stratejik hedeflerine ulaşmaları için kullandıkları en önemli araçlardır. Türkiye’de üretim ve ihracat potansiyelini arttırmayı hedefleyen yatırım teşvikleri, uluslararası rekabet ortamının oluşturulması ve katma değerli ihracat vasıtasıyla rekabet avantajının sağlanması için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’de 2001-2019 yılları arasında Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen yatırım teşvikleri ile ihracat hacmi arasındaki ilişkiler hem genel hem de sektörel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizler kapsamında kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişkileri değerlendirmek amacıyla ARDL sınır testi, nedensellik ilişkilerini incelemek için ise Toda-Yamamato nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, genel ve sektörel yatırım teşviklerinin ihracat hacmini uzun dönemde olumlu yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, toplam ihracat ve hizmet sektörü ihracatından yatırım teşviklerine doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisini bulunduğu görülürken, tarım sektöründe gerçekleştirilen yatırım teşvikleri ile tarım ihracatı arasında iki yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The Development of a Political Awareness Scale and Psychometric Testing on Nurses in Turkey: A Methodological Study
Authors: KUŞCU KARATEPE Hilal , YILDIRIM Aytolan
Published: October 2020

This study was carried out to develop a Political Sensitivity Scale for nurses and to demonstrate its validity and reliability. This study was prepared in methodological design. Data were collected between June 2017 and January 2018. The number of nurses participating in the research is 300. The data were evaluated in SPSS 21 and AMOS 22 programs. The scale is statistically valid and reliable. Cronbach Alpha 0.95 of the scale, which was applied statistically after content and content validity, construct validity and reliability analysis, were applied. It has four sub-dimensions (Information, Cognition, Participation and Interest) and includes 44 items. The policy guides many important issues such as education, management, expertise, implementation and professionalization of nurses. International literature on nursing and policy issues are qualitative, there is no quantitative study. So it is the first measurement tool. The scale is thought to be effective in measuring the political sensitivity of nurses and international nursing literature.
Özbekistan ve Kırgızistan'daki Anklav/Eksklav Alanlarının Çözüm Süreci
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Alaeddin , ABIDZHANOV Khusan
Published: October 2020

Devletin ülkesi, genellikle kara sınırı, nehir veya deniz kıyısı ile sınırlandığı halde birçok ülkenin diğer ülke sınırları dahilinde toprakları bulunmaktadır. Tarihi veya etnik kökenleri bulunabilen bu tür bölgeler, eski Sovyet cumhuriyetlerinde oldukça fazladır. Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılmasından sonra bu tür bölgeler kapsamında, kendi ülkesi içindeki diğer ülkeye ait alanlar ile bu alanlarda yaşayıp diğer ülkenin vatandaşları konumundaki kişilerle ilgili, egemenlik ve kamu hizmetleri bağlamında ciddi sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Refah toplumun önemli bir aracı olarak gelişmiş ülkeler arasındaki entegrasyon yani sınırların anlamsızlaşması uygulamalarına karşın genellikle sömürgecilik döneminden kalan sınır, vatandaşlık gibi konular, komşular ile ilişkileri olumsuz etkilemektedir. 2020 şartlarında Özbekistan ve Kırgızistan'daki anklav/eksklav alanları ile başta Tacikistan'dakiler olmak üzere benzer düzenlemelerin barışçıl yollarla huzur, güven, refah ve işbirliğini güçlendirecek şekilde çözülmesi gerekmektedir. Bu tür uygulamaların günümüzde ciddi bir sorun oluşturmaması, gerek dış güçlerin provokasyonları gerekse diğer beklenmedik gelişmeler sonucu, ilişkilerin bozulmayacağı, hatta çatışmalara yol açmayacağı garanti edilemez. Bu makalede Özbekistan ve Kırgızistan'daki anklav/eksklav alanları kapsamındaki uygulamalara ve bunlardan kaynaklanan sorunlara son vermek üzere iki ülke arasındaki mutabakat süreci ele alınmaktadır. Bu kapsamda gerek her iki ülkede gerekse diğer bölge ülkelerinde, refah ve huzurun tesisi ile karşılıklı güven ve işbirliği ilişkileri çerçevesinde Uluslararası Hukuk zemininde çözüm önerileri tartışılmaktadır.
Helala Duyarlı Turistlerde Sürdürülebilir Turizm Gelişmesine Yönelik Algı Araştırması
Authors: PAMUKÇU Hüseyin , SARAÇ Ömer , BATMAN Orhan
Published: October 2020

İslamiyet; çevreyi korumayı emreden, israfı yasaklayan ve toplumların sosyal yaşantısı ve inancına saygı duyan semavi bir dindir. İslam dininin gereklerine göre turizm faaliyeti gerçekleştiren bireylerin sürdürülebilir turizme katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu araştırmanın temel amacı, İslam dinine mensup helal duyarlı turistlerin sürdürülebilir turizm gelişimine yönelik algılarının ortaya koyulmasıdır. Veriler beş yıldızlı helal konseptli otellerde konaklayan toplamda 486 kişiden anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları helal duyarlı turistlerin turizm faaliyeti gösterdikleri destinasyonun sürdürülebilirliğine duyarlı olduklarını ve İslam dinin gerekleri arasında sayılan çevrenin korunması ve israftan kaçılması emirlerini benimsediklerini göstermektedir. Helal duyarlı turistlerin sürdürülebilir turizmin gelişiminde öncelikle çevresel konulara dikkat ettiği ve sürdürülebilir turizm gelişiminde uzun vadeli planlamaların yapılması gerektiği düşüncesinde oldukları tespit edilmiştir.
Dengue Fever: Clinical Characteristics of A Tertiary Care Hospital Study
Authors: Ahsan Mohammed Rizwanul , Hussain Manzoor , Hoque SK Azimul , Mridha Al Amin , Makbul Sabrina
Published: October 2020

Background: Incidence of dengue infection has increased worldwide and has become a significant public health concern. Clinical suspicion based on the frequency of symptoms is very important for early diagnosis.

Objectives: To observe the clinical characteristics of serologically confirmed hospitalized cases of dengue fever.

Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among admitted children with dengue infection in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from July 2018 to October 2018. The diagnosis of dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) were established according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria. Cases who were NS1 antigen and IgM dengue antibody positive included in this study.

Results: Among 51 serologically confirmed dengue fever patients, mean age was 6.66 ± 3.69 years. Majority of the cases (74.5%) were less than 10 years of age, 60.8% were male, 39.2% were female, and 88.23% of patients came from urban areas. Classic DF was found in 74.5% of patients, while 25.49% of patients DHF, and 11.7% DSS. Fever was the most common (72.55%) symptom followed by headache, vomiting and myalgia. Hemorrhagic manifestations found in 21.57% of cases. The most common complications were hepatic dysfunction (47.09%) followed by renal impairment, encephalopathy, multi-organ failure, and ARDS.

Conclusion: The majorities of dengue cases were from urban areas, below ten years of age and classical DF. Besides fever other common symptoms were headache, vomiting and myalgia. The most common complications were hepatic dysfunction, renal impairment and encephalopathy.

Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :30-33
Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty for the Repair of Distal Hypospadias: A Simple Versatile Technique
Authors: Salam Md Abdus , Rahman ML , Asaduzzaman M , Islam Ms , Lenin Nh
Published: October 2020

Objective: To observe the outcomes of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in the primary management of distal hypospadias
Materials and Methods: Total 70 patients of age group 2 to 10 years with distal hypospadias were selected for this study from January 2008 to December 2015. They were treated with tubularized incised plate urethroplasty. All patients were followed up immediately and at 4th, 8th and 12th weeks after operation.
Results: The satisfactory cosmetic and functional outcomes were observed in 58 patients (82.85%).Urethrocutaneous fistula developed in 10 patients (14.70%) patients and 6 patients (8.82%) were found to develop meatal stenosis. Two patients (2.94%) developed stricture urethra. Overall complications occurred in 20 patients (29.41%).
Conclusions: This study demonstrates that tubularized incised plate urethroplasty had excellent cosmetic and functional outcomes and fewer complications in the primary management of distal hypospadias.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 20, No. 2, July 2017 p.65-69
Paediatric Renal Mass: A Case Report
Authors: Karim Howlader Fazlul , Islam Md Monowarul , Islam SK Amirul , Nag Shuvendra Nath , Rahman Md Siddiqur , Chowdhury Mohammad Murad , Saha Pranashis
Published: October 2020

More than 90% of malignant renal tumors encountered in children are Nephroblastoma. Renal Cell Carcinoma is extremely rare in children but in children older than 5 years with renal masses it is very important to suspect diagnosis. We present a 6 years old child primarily presented with abdominal mass and haematuria. The mass was described by ultrasonography & computer tomography as Wilms’ Tumour which is commonest before 5 years of age with peak age of presentation is 3 years of life. Surgery is the best treatment and prognosis is favorable when tumour is localized and completely eradicated. In our case no adjuvant therapy was given nephrectomy
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 20, No. 2, July 2017 p.102-104
Penile Growth With Unusual Histopathology: A Case Report
Authors: Islam SK Amirul , Islam Md Monowarul , Nag Shuvendra Nath , Rahman Md Siddiqur , Karim Howlader Fazlul , Chowdhury Mohammad Murad , Arjuman Farida , Saha Pranashis
Published: October 2020

Abstract Not Available
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 20, No. 2, July 2017 p.105-108
Minimum water consumption method screening of velvet bean (Mucuna sp.) processings to produce functional food ingredients
Authors: Epriliati Indah
Published: October 2020

Velvet bean (Mucuna sp.) has been proven containing many beneficial compounds that can be implemented in pharmaceutical and medicines but less noticed for functional foods even though traditionally it is consumed as daily foods or snacks. The indigenous food preparation such as velvet bean Tempe warrants scientific investigation to help society with better public health management. The objective of the review is to select the best method for functional food ingredient product development using velvet beans and provide hypothetical health-oriented food processing e.g. velvet bean flour as functional food ingredients with a focus on less water consumption during processing. Steaming is the selected method.
İttifaktan Savaşa: 2 Ağustos 1914 Tarihli Osmanlı-Alman İttifak Anlaşması ve Yansımaları
Authors: ÖZGÜLDÜR Yavuz
Published: October 2020

Savaşın giderek yaklaşması karşısında aceleyle müttefik arayışına giden Osmanlı yönetimi, İtilaf Devletleri nezdinde sürdürdüğü ittifak girişimlerinden birsonuç elde edemeyince, zorunlu olarak İttifak Devleri safına yönelmiş, ancak ilk etapta başarı elde edememişti. Çünkü Osmanlı devletinin ekonomik çöküntü görünümü, ordunun önemli ölçüde silah ve malzeme ihtiyacının karşılanma zorunluluğu Almanya ve Avusturya’nın da ittifak konusunda isteksiz davranmasına yol açmıştı. Ayrıca stratejik ve ekonomik değeri yüksek Osmanlı toprakları üzerindeki emelleri de ittifak için tereddüt geçirmelerine yol açmaktaydı. Ancak savaşın çok yaklaşması ve Almanya’nın ham Fransa ile hem de Rusya ile savaşmak zorunda kalacak olması, Osmanlı müttefikliğine ihtiyaç duymalarına yol açtı. İstanbul’daki Alman Büyükelçisi Baron von Wangenheim’a Osmanlı hükümeti ile bir ittifak antlaşması imzalanması konusunda yetki verilmiş ve acele etmesi istenmiştir. Sadrazam Said Halim Paşa tarafından 25 Temmuz 1914’de Padişahtan alınan bir yetki belgesiyle başlatılan ittifak görüşmeleri, 2 Ağustos 1914’de tamamlanmış ve aynı gün antlaşma imzalanmıştır.
Continuity and Rupture: Comparative Literature and the Latin Tradition
Authors: White Paul
Published: October 2020

Studies of the Latin tradition played a major role in the formation of Comparative Literature as a discipline. In spite of their shared origins, the disciplines of Neo-Latin studies and Comparative Literature are today rarely brought into dialogue with one another. This article argues that such dialogues can be mutually productive, and that Neo-Latin literature exemplifies, and itself engages with, some of the key problems at issue in the latest dispensations of Comparative Literature. Ideas of cosmopolitanism and transnationalism, of bilingualism and the dynamic interactions between languages, energized Neo-Latin writing (and energize Neo-Latin studies today). Writers in the post-classical Latin tradition devoted great efforts to working through many of the problems and dichotomies that interest comparatists today: from defining the ‘literary’, to asking what it means for literary forms and a literary language to cross historical, cultural, and national borders. Using the classical theme of recusatio (‘refusal’) as a case study, I explore the ways in which Neo-Latin writers thematized in their writing a sense of the continuity and universality of literature which was nevertheless always threatened by rupture and fragmentation.
Reading the World, Reading the Self
Authors: Rossi Laura Lucia
Published: October 2020

This article is a reflection on the wordy and worldly characters of literary texts that invites us to focus on how their referentiality unfolds in the act of reading. The article focuses in particular on the necessity for world literature to factor in the subjective involvement of the reader entailed by literary communication. It does so by firstly revisiting the old debate about referentiality and contextualization of literary texts in literary studies, and specifically within world literature, which is particularly concerned with understanding the boundaries of literary communication. It then analyses how the worldly and wordy components of literature can be brought together by considering the act of reading as the core of meaning production and as a process of generative construction, which, when based on the interaction between readers and distant texts, like in the specific case of world literature, has the possibility to maximize its potential. Engaging with Iser's and Poulet's phenomenological approaches to the act of reading, the article argues against the vision of literary texts as transparent objects and encourages scholars working on world literature to embrace the translucency and generative potential that literature offers, inviting them to embrace aesthetic and anthropological perspectives so as to understand works of world literature as tools for interpretation both of the world and of ourselves.
A Review on Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Usage in Seafood
Authors: GÜNERİ Nilgün
Published: October 2020

Seafood stands out as an important protein source for human nutrition. Providing food safety, increasing food production and processing, preventing nutrient losses, preserving the quality of food, and extending shelf life have gained importance. Thus, the use of food additives has been a technological must. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae) is obtained from the root of the Curcuma longa plant, a fiber plant from the ginger family. It is a plant with polyphenolic effects. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is the most active ingredient of turmeric. It has an antioxidant effect. Turmeric has been found to have anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and antiatherogenic effects. Turmeric is used in smoked meats, pickles and some cakes, seafood, fish soup and other soups, rice, cold cuts, and various vegetable dishes. Turmeric has a very important role in maintaining the nutritional quality of seafood products, extending the shelf life with its antioxidant and antimicrobial effect, increasing the attractiveness of seafood by adding color and flavor and obtaining healthy products.
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING ACCURACY OF COST ESTIMATION IN PUBLIC BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN WESTERN OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Chimdi Jifara , Girma Sisay , Mosisa Alemu , Mitiku Degefe
Published: October 2020

Construction projects are getting progressively complex and their scales are getting sophisticated. Along these lines, it is getting more problematic to finish the projects inside planned cost limits. In Oromia public building construction projects these problems were raised as a typical challenge. Hence, evaluation of factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimation in public projects was the aim of this study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized for information assortment. Relative Importance Index (RII) was utilized for information investigation. Totally sixty -two variables were investigated and the best five most significant were selected by this assessment based on the average view of respondents. These significant factors are; Material price/accessibility /source /quality /imports, Experience and ability of the consultant, Variability in the Economy of the country, and financial conditions of client.  Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (rho) investigation was conducted by the assistance of SPSS 20 version for a testing level of connections among respondents on the positioning of the factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimation. Spearman’s rank correlation results were 0.823 among Clients and Consultants, 0.813 among clients and contractors, and 0.802 among Consultants and Contractors. The outcome shows that the rate of the rank correlations was a high positive number, which implies there is a positive connection between them on the ranking of factors disturbing the accurateness of cost estimation in public building construction projects in western Oromia.
VALIDATION OF TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSION (TRMM) DATA IN THE UPPER KAPUAS RIVER BASIN
Authors: Barlian Soeryamassoeka Stefanus Barlian Soeryamassoeka , Wahyudi Triweko Robertus , Yudianto Doddi
Published: October 2020

Rainfall is a difficult parameter to measure, due to large spatial and temporal variations. Lack of data availability, data incompletely, less spreading of station, less observer, and manual data entry are other problems for rainfall predicting.  To encourage these problems rainfall satellite can be used, because it has high temporal and spatial resolution, widely coverage, near real-time and fast accessibility. This research was conducted in the upper Kapuas River  Basin, West Kalimantan, to determine how TRMM satellite-derived rainfall compares with ground-measured values and the possibility of using it to complement ground-measured rainfall. The statistical analyses and correction factor development for TRMM data are conducted to validate and correct the TRMM data on eleven sub basin in Kapuas River basin. Validation showed high correlation between TRMM and gauge data. Validation shows a high correlation and lowest RMSE between TRMM and gauge data in the sub basin adjacent to the gauge station (r= 0.76-0.8, RMSE 0,84-0,92). The results of the analysis also show that after correction, the corrected TRMM data errors were reduced for the eleven rainfall
An Efficient Data Retrieval Parallel Reeb Graph Algorithm
Authors: Hajij Mustafa , Rosen Paul
Published: October 2020

The Reeb graph of a scalar function that is defined on a domain gives a topologically meaningful summary of that domain. Reeb graphs have been shown in the past decade to be of great importance in geometric processing, image processing, computer graphics, and computational topology. The demand for analyzing large data sets has increased in the last decade. Hence, the parallelization of topological computations needs to be more fully considered. We propose a parallel augmented Reeb graph algorithm on triangulated meshes with and without a boundary. That is, in addition to our parallel algorithm for computing a Reeb graph, we describe a method for extracting the original manifold data from the Reeb graph structure. We demonstrate the running time of our algorithm on standard datasets. As an application, we show how our algorithm can be utilized in mesh segmentation algorithms.
Impact of Hybrid-Electric Aircraft on Contrail Coverage
Authors: Yin Feijia , Grewe Volker , Gierens Klaus
Published: October 2020

Aviation is responsible for approximately 5% of global warming and is expected to increase substantially in the future. Given the continuing expansion of air traffic, mitigation of aviation’s climate impact becomes challenging but imperative. Among various mitigation options, hybrid-electric aircraft (HEA) have drawn intensive attention due to their considerable potential in reducing greenhouse gas emissions (e.g., CO2). However, the non-CO2 effects (especially contrails) of HEA on climate change are more challenging to assess. As the first step to understanding the climate impact of HEA, this research investigates the effects on the formation of persistent contrails when flying with HEA. The simulation is performed using an Earth System Model (EMAC) coupled with a submodel (CONTRAIL), where the contrail formation criterion, the Schmidt–Appleman criterion (SAC), is adapted to globally estimate changes in the potential contrail coverage (PCC). We compared the HEA to conventional (reference) aircraft with the same characteristics, except for the propulsion system. The analysis showed that the temperature threshold of contrail formation for HEA is lower; therefore, conventional reference aircraft can form contrails at lower flight altitudes, whereas the HEA does not. For a given flight altitude, with a small fraction of electric power in use (less than 30%), the potential contrail coverage remained nearly unchanged. As the electric power fraction increased, the reduction in contrail formation was mainly observed in the mid-latitudes (30° N and 40° S) or tropical regions and was very much localized with a maximum value of about 40% locally. The analysis of seasonal effects showed that in non-summer, the reduction in contrail formation using electric power was more pronounced at lower flight altitudes, whereas in summer the changes in PCC were nearly constant with respect to altitude.
Chili Pepper Landrace Survival and Family Farmers in Central Chile
Authors: Muñoz-Concha Diego , Quiñones Ximena , Hernández Juan Pablo , Romero Sebastián
Published: October 2020

Chili pepper is produced by family farmers in central Chile incorporating modern technologies and maintaining traditional practices. Although chili pepper is deeply rooted in the local culture, the agricultural system supporting its production and the germplasm involved are poorly studied. This work focused on two main landraces lacking information about what features (agronomic, morphological and chemical) distinguish them and how distinct they are. It is also of high importance to deepen our understanding of the agricultural system and the aspects that may affect its sustainability. An integrated approach was applied for the evaluation of social characteristics of farmers, the growing system, morphological traits, and selected chemical components. Between landraces, flower and fruit morphology was clearly distinct. Total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and total carotenoid content showed higher values in fruits of cacho de cabra than in chileno negro. Both landraces had a higher total phenolic content than other Capsicum cultivars in the world. Farmers ascribe distinct attributes for the landraces regarding agronomic performance, fruit quality and processing applications. Characteristics that may affect the sustainability of the agricultural system are small farm size, relatives working as employees, and low farmers’ educational attainment. The study landraces are distinct and represent unique genetic material produced in an agricultural system facing important challenges where farmers have adapted to socio-economic pressures, externalizing plant production, reducing harvest costs, and developing innovations in product and marketing.
Grain Yield and Beef Cow–Calf Growth Performance in Dual-Purpose and Conventional Grain Wheat Production Systems and Stockpiled Tall Fescue Pasturing
Authors: Netthisinghe Annesly , Galloway Hunter , DeGraves Fred , Agga Getahun E. , Sistani Karamat
Published: October 2020

Dualpurpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L) can be used for cattle grazing while producing grain from the same crop. In a two-year study, wheat forage production, grain yield, and growth performance of beef cow–calf pairs grazed on wheat pasture for 2–3 weeks in spring was compared with the conventional wheat grain production system and stockpiled tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (L.) Schreb) pasturing. Grazing wheat resulted in grain yield (4.1 vs. 4.6 t ha−1) and test weight (65.9 vs. 66.7 kg hL−1) similar to the conventional grain production system. Wheat accumulated significantly lower forage dry matter yield (0.9 vs. 1.9 t ha−1) in spring with higher crude protein (190.2–290.2 vs. 122.0–151.0 g kg−1) and low fiber contents compared to the stockpiled tall fescue pasture. Wheat pasture presented risk for the development of grass tetany with regard to N, K, Na, and Mg contents. Calves grazed on wheat gained 1143–1370 gd−1 body weight compared to the 826–879 gd−1 in the stockpiled tall fescue pasturing. Cows had inconsistent and mixed body weight change response. With warmer temperatures and adequate precipitation controlled grazing of wheat in spring by beef cow–calves offered weight gain benefits exceeding the stockpiled tall fescue pasturing and grain production similar to the conventional wheat grain system.
Effects of Foliar Application of Urea and Urea-Formaldehyde/Triazone on Soybean and Corn Crops
Authors: Cassim Bruno Maia Abdo Rahmen , Machado Antonio Pedro Martins , Fortune Daniel , Moreira Fernando Rodrigues , Zampar Éder Júnior De Oliveira , Batista Marcelo Augusto
Published: October 2020

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of urea and urea-formaldehyde, triazone-based fertilizers on soybean and corn crops. Four experiments were carried out, two on soybeans, one on first season corn, and the other on second season corn. The experiments were conducted using a randomized block design, with 5 treatments studied: T1—control without application of foliar nitrogen (N); T2—foliar application of conventional urea solution and three treatments with Hexion foliar fertilizers based on urea-formaldehyde and triazone (N-Hexion®), with varying levels of N and slow-release components; T3—Hexion 1; T4—Hexion 2; and T5—Hexion 3. The foliar application of conventional urea showed no statistically significant difference in relation to the control for the yield components and grain yield for the soybean crops in seasons 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. Urea-formaldehyde/triazone treatments showed a significant increase in yield for soybeans in the 2018–2019 season compared to the control and to conventional urea. Nitrogen fertilizers with high percentages of slow-release compounds promote nitrogen release more slowly, which led to no significant increase in yield for Hexion 1. No statistical differences were observed in the corn yield for the first and second crop.
Onion Peel Powder as an Antioxidant-Rich Material for Sausages Prepared from Mechanically Separated Fish Meat
Authors: Bedrníček Jan , Kadlec Jaromír , Laknerová Ivana , Mráz Jan , Samková Eva , Petrášková Eva , Hasoňová Lucie , Vácha František , Kron Vladimír , Smetana Pavel
Published: October 2020

Mechanically separated fish meat (MSFM) can be used for the manufacturing of ready-to-eat products, such as sausages; however, it is highly perishable. Several plant by-products, including onion peel, which is rich in polyphenol antioxidants, can be added to food to extend shelf life. This study investigated the effects of the addition of onion peel powder (OPP) to sausage made from MSFM. Sausages were divided into four groups with different amounts of added OPP: 0% (control), 1%, 2%, and 3%. Cooked sausages were stored for 28 days at 5 °C. Samples were analyzed for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content, pH, and organoleptic properties. The addition of OPP significantly increased antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content and decreased pH, indicating acidic nature of OPP. Polyphenols from OPP effectively suppressed lipid oxidation. A 1–2% addition of OPP enhanced sensory properties. After the 28-day storage, the control samples received the lowest sensory score, due to the presence of a strong fishy odor, which was not present in samples with OPP. HPLC–MS/MS analysis revealed that quercetin is the most dominant compound in OPP. Overall, the results indicate that the addition of OPP in amounts of 1–2% can extend shelf life, without the deterioration of sensory properties.
Anti-Amnesic Effect of Walnut via the Regulation of BBB Function and Neuro-Inflammation in Aβ1-42-Induced Mice
Authors: Kim Jong Min , Lee Uk , Kang Jin Yong , Park Seon Kyeong , Shin Eun Jin , Kim Hyun-Jin , Kim Chul-Woo , Kim Mahn-Jo , Heo Ho Jin
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted to assess the protective effect of walnut (Juglans regia L.) extract on amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42-induced institute of cancer research (ICR) mice. By conducting a Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests with amyloidogenic mice, it was found that walnut extract ameliorated behavioral dysfunction and memory deficit. The walnut extract showed a protective effect on the antioxidant system and cholinergic system by regulating malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) contents, reduced glutathione (GSH) contents, acetylcholine (ACh) levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and protein expression of AChE and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Furthermore, the walnut extract suppressed Aβ-induced abnormality of mitochondrial function by ameliorating reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP contents. Finally, the walnut extract regulated the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin concerned with blood–brain barrier (BBB) function, expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), phosphorylated nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor (p-IκB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), related to neuroinflammation and the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), caspase-3, hyperphosphorylation of tau (p-tau), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), associated with the Aβ-related Akt pathway.
Combined Eulerian-Lagrangian Hybrid Modelling System for PM2.5 and Elemental Carbon Source Apportionment at the Urban Scale in Milan
Authors: Lonati Giovanni , Pepe Nicola , Pirovano Guido , Balzarini Alessandra , Toppetti Anna , Riva Giuseppe Maurizio
Published: October 2020

Air quality modeling at the very local scale within an urban area is performed through a hybrid modeling system (HMS) that combines the CAMx Eulerian model the with AUSTAL2000 Lagrangian model. The enhancements obtained by means of the HMS in the reconstruction of the spatial distribution of fine particles (PM2.5) and elemental carbon (EC) concentration are presented for the case-study of Milan city center in Northern Italy. Modeling results are reported for three receptors (a green area, a residential and shopping area, and a congested crossroad on the inner ring road of the city center) selected in order to represent urban sites characterized by both different features in terms of the surrounding built environment and by different exposure to local emission sources. The peculiarity of the three receptors is further highlighted by source apportionment analysis, developed not only with respect to the kind of emission sources but also to the geographical location of the sources within the whole Northern Italy computational domain. Results show that the outcome of the Eulerian model at the local scale is only representative of a background level, similar to the Lagrangian model’s outcome for the green area receptor, but fails to reproduce concentration gradients and hot-spots, driven by local sources’ emissions.
A Comparison of Precipitation Measurements with a PWS100 Laser Sensor and a Geonor T-200B Precipitation Gauge at a Nival Glacial Zone in Eastern Tianshan, Central Asia
Authors: Jia Yufeng , Li Zhongqin , Xu Chunhai , Jin Shuang , Deng Haijun
Published: October 2020

Precipitation is a key process in the hydrologic cycle. However, accurate precipitation data are scarce in high mountainous areas, mainly restricted by complex topography, solid precipitation and sparse recording stations. In order to evaluate the quality of precipitation measurement, this study conducted a comparison campaign of precipitation measurements with the PWS100 laser sensor and the Geonor T-200B rain gauge for an entire year from 30 April 2018 to 1 May 2019 at an elevation of 3835 m in a nival glacial zone in eastern Tianshan, Central Asia. The results show that the daily precipitation values recorded by Geonor T-200B and PWS100 are well correlated and the annual precipitation amounts recorded by the two instruments differ by 7%, indicating good capabilities of both instruments in solid precipitation measurement. However, the amount of precipitation measured by Geonor T-200B was 36 mm lower in June to August and 120 mm higher in the remaining months compared with the values measured by PWS100. Our study indicated that Geonor T-200B is more efficient than PWS100 in terms of catching solid precipitation measurements. According to the PWS100 data, the experiment site was dominated by solid precipitation particles, accounting for 60% of total precipitation particles. Based on the precipitation particle and in-situ air temperature measurements, a set of temperature thresholds were established to discriminate rain, sleet and snow. The threshold temperature of rainfall and snowfall is −1.5 and 8 °C, respectively. When air temperature ranges from −1.5 to 8 °C, sleet occurs, meanwhile the ratio of rain to snow depends on air temperature.