bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified Bureau of Public Roads Link Function
Authors: Gore Ninad , Arkatkar Shriniwas , Joshi Gaurang , Antoniou Constantinos
Published: December 2022

The Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function is a widely used link cost function in transportation planning because of its simple mathematical form, easily measurable field variables, and consistent performance. However, the BPR function is deterministic and does not capture the stochastic relation between travel time and traffic flow. The present study develops a modified BPR (MBPR) function by incorporating travel time uncertainty (TTU) in the deterministic BPR function. In the MBPR function, the effect of TTU is incorporated using two parameters, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. A nonlinear optimization problem is formulated, and the generalized reduced gradient method is used to calibrate the BPR and the MBPR function. The applicability of the proposed MBPR function is demonstrated using empirical data collected for an urban arterial in India and simulated data developed for a real-world urban road network. The proposed MBPR function captures the heterogeneity in travel time for different traffic flow values. The function (a) captures the variability in travel time under oversaturated conditions and (b) captures the time-dependent relation between traffic volume and delay. The physical meaning of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the context of inter-day heterogeneity, infrastructure potential, and traffic flow heterogeneity are discussed. The practical application of MBPR as an analytical tool for system-wide performance evaluation is demonstrated by investigating the impact of traffic signal control on travel times using a before–after perspective. Compared with the before case, a 13% reduction in travel time is observed for the after case. Therefore, the installation of traffic signal control has reduced congestion.
Differentiated impact of pulmonary hypertension on outcome after left ventricular assist device implantation and tricuspid valve repair
Authors: Volevski Lachezar A , Ben Taieb Olfa , Talipov Ildar , Vasiloi Ion , Glück Alannah C , Andrási Terézia B
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on short-term survival after LVAD implantation with or without tricuspid annuloplasty valve repair (TVr) performed to treat regurgitation and avoid RV-failure post-LVAD insertion. Data of 24 patients receiving LVAD-implantation are assessed and compared. The primary outcome is in-hospital survival. Of 24 patients studied, 17 (70.8%) survived hospital stay: age (62.2 ± 12.3 vs 66.1 ± 8.5 years), preoperative LV-EF (15.9 ± 5.3% vs 13.6 ± 3.8%) vs. non-survivors, respectively. Survivors received preoperatively Impella (35.3% vs 0%, p = 0.037), had shorter intubation time (3.3 ± 3.5 vs 11.4 ± 11.1 days, p = 0.0053) and ICU stay (12.4 ± 9.8 vs 34.3 ± 34 days, p = 0.01) versus non-survivors. Non-survivors had more severe PH (37.0 ± 9.6 vs 29.8 ± 12.2 mmHg, p = 0.044) than survivors. Linear regression analysis revealed that cardiac operations performed concomitant with LVAD implantation increased mortality in patients with severe PH ( p = 0.04), whereas isolated TVr performed concomitant with LVAD implantation did not increase mortality neither in the entire patient cohort ( p = 0.569) nor in patients with severe PH ( p = 0.433). LVAD with TVr improved survival in patients suffering from severe PH (vs. moderate PH), however this difference did not reach the level of significance due to the small number of patients ( p = 0.08). LVAD-implantation alone improved survival of patients suffering from moderate PH ( p = 0.045, vs. severe PH). Surgical correction of tricuspid regurgitation concomitant or before LVAD implantation improves early survival in patients suffering from severe PH when compared to LVAD implantation alone. Patients suffering from severe PH tend to benefit more from TVr than those suffering from moderate PH.
Mini-review of sewage sludge parameters related to system modelling
Authors: Chang Huimin , Zhao Yan , Xu Ankun , Damgaard Anders , Christensen Thomas H
Published: December 2022

System modelling of sewage sludge (SS) treatment attracts a growing interest for better comparison and optimisation of technologies. However, SS parameters need to be generalised to be used in holistic assessments, since scattered data may inhibit the development and interpretation of system models. A review of the literature on SS parameters relevant to modelling SS treatment systems revealed 208 datasets published in 162 publicly available scientific papers. We treated thickened and dewatered sludge in the same data analysis, but in some cases, this was an incorrect assumption. The compositional data showed significant variations, but most of the data subscribed to a lognormal distribution, albeit with varying levels of significance. On average, the thickened sludge contained 3.3 ± 1.7% total solid (TS), and the dewatered sludge contained 21.0 ± 6.7% TS. For the combined data, the average Ash content was 32.4 ± 11.8% of TS. Other characteristic parameters were the lower heating value (LHV) of 22.1 ± 2.1 MJ kg−1 volatile solid (VS) and the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of 0.25 ± 0.11 m3 CH4 kg−1 VS. Fertiliser-related elements were on average 53.3 ± 9.3% C in VS, 6.8 ± 2.2% N in VS, 6.7 ± 2.4% P in Ash and 1.7 ± 1.3% K in Ash. The data reviewed herein provide a good basis for assessing the generality of individual SS data and for selecting key parameters for modelling SS treatment systems. However, the review reveals a need for the better characterisation of SS in the future.
Humanistic Knowledge-Making and the Rhetoric of Literary Criticism: Special Topoi Meet Rhetorical Action
Authors: Banting Sarah
Published: December 2022

This article examines the power of special topoi to characterize the discourse of literary criticism, and through emphasis on rhetorical action, it sheds light on the limitations of topos analysis for characterizing research articles in disciplinary discourse more generally. Using an analytical approach drawn both from studies of topoi in disciplinary discourse and rhetorical genre theory, I examine a representative corpus of 21st-century literary research articles. I find that while most of the special topoi recognized by Fahnestock and Secor and Wilder remain prevalent in recent criticism, contemporary literary critics tend to draw on only a select subset of those topoi when making claims about their rhetorical actions. The topoi they use most often— mistaken-critic and paradigm—help identify the ways knowledge-making work is undertaken in literary criticism, a discipline often considered epideictic rather than epistemic. But what the special topoi do not capture is precisely the distinctly motivated, actively epistemic character of this disciplinary rhetoric. Based on these findings, I suggest that special topoi must be seen as functioning in the context of the rhetorical action undertaken by literary research articles. These articles undertake not simply persuasion but the particularly humanistic act I refer to as contributing to scholarly understanding: a rhetorical action worth attending to for scholars of disciplinary discourse, because it is deliberately more concerned with practice than product.
Dissidents, Rebels, and Everyday Heroes: New Perspectives on the Digital Archiving of Cultural Resistance Under State Socialism
Authors: Csurgó Bernadett , Gárdos Judit , Kerényi Szabina , Kovács Éva , Micsik András
Published: December 2022

The aim of this article is to present and study how a digital archive can shape and create new ways of producing, publishing, and studying historical sources. Based on our analysis of the COURAGE (Cultural Opposition—Understanding the CultuRal HeritAGE of Dissent in the Former Socialist Countries) Registry about cultural dissent under state socialism in Eastern Europe in the second half of the twentieth century (and focusing on collections about environmental issues in this registry), we seek to understand how different private, amateur, and professional archivists have shaped the scientific and public legacy of cultural dissent under state socialism. The COURAGE Registry conveys a unique view of the history of the Soviet Bloc, providing an assemblage of documents concerning people, groups, institutions, events, and pieces from the time. Together, they tell an alternative story of cultural opposition under socialism, shedding light on important—but until now marginalized—problems, topics, and actors. Our results have shown that cultural opposition in the Registry is understood and constructed as a wide range of forms of engagement and activities, and it is not limited to specific high-cultural or direct political products. The structure of the COURAGE Registry creates a balance among collections that are very diverse in form, and its linked data structure helps connect the information and stories compiled in it. The COURAGE Registry enables researchers to use it as a tool with which to build their own scientific narratives about dissent under socialism.
Managing Visibilities: The Shades and Shadows of NGO Work in Repressive Contexts
Authors: Albu Oana B.
Published: December 2022

This study explores how visibilities are produced and managed, and how they transform the work of activists operating in repressive contexts. To advance emerging research, this study blends theoretical perspectives from visibility and activism research and builds on ethnographic methods and fieldwork in a non-profit organization. The contribution of the article to research at the intersection of visibility and activism is twofold: firstly, the article identifies the social and material agencies involved in the production of different dimensions of visibilities (mildly shaded and mostly shadowed). Secondly, the article shows how the three identified relational imbrications of agencies (encryption, obfuscation, and concealment) at times empower and undermine the efforts of both activists and oppressors. The findings provide novel insights concerning the (dis)empowering role of visibilities applicable to many collectives, corporations and institutions that rely on visibility management, as datafication is making it increasingly easy for behaviors to be seen.
Morphometry and Morphology of the Articular Surfaces of the Medial Region of the Temporomandibular Joint in the Felis Catus (Domestic cat) - A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Villamizar-Martinez Lenin A. , Villegas Cristian M. , Duailibi Eduardo , Robertson James B. , Soltero-Rivera Maria , Reiter Alexander M. , Chilvarquer Israel , Gioso Marco A.
Published: December 2022

The articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the cat consist of the articular head of the condylar process of the ramus of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the petrous part of the temporal bone. Anatomic conformation of the TMJ articular surfaces can vary; however, this has not been studied in the cat. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the conformation of the medial region of the TMJ in mesocephalic adult cats as well as to determine the articular relationship by measurement of the degree of coverage of the mandibular fossa over the articular head. This was accomplished by assessing 60 TMJs from 30 mesocephalic adult cats by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The width and depth of the mandibular fossa, and the degree of coverage of the mandibular fossa were evaluated using parasagittal reconstructions of the medial aspect of the TMJ by two observers. No statistically significant difference was observed during the intra and interobserver evaluation of the mandibular fossa width and depth and the degree of coverage of the mandibular fossa over the articular head. P-values for the studied variables were greater than 0.05. The resulting measurements demonstrated a concave mandibular fossa with a prominent retroarticular process and a poorly developed articular eminence; a well-defined rounded articular surface, and a high degree of coverage (171°) of the mandibular fossa over the articular head. In conclusion, the articular surfaces at the medial aspect of the TMJ displayed elevated geometric similarity, with an articular head of the condylar process deeply seated in the mandibular fossa.
Component specific elastic cushion design to enhance the accuracy with the usage of reconfigurable tools in stretch forming
Authors: Shivaprasad Cherukupally , Praveen K , Venkata Reddy N
Published: December 2022

Multi-point stretch forming (MPSF) is a flexible manufacturing technology that uses reconfigurable tools to produce a variety of three-dimensional sheet metal components. An elastic cushion is placed between the surfaces of reconfigurable tool and the sheet metal to reduce the possibility of dimple formation. It is well known that elastic cushion deformation behavior significantly affects the accuracy and surface quality of components. In the present work, a component-specific elastic cushion is designed to achieve better conformability between the pin heads and cushion (by scooping out the material from the flat cushion selectively). An analytical model is developed to determine the volume of material to be scooped out and its location based on pin head and component geometries. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology, finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to form double curvature (spherical) component with a cushion of constant thickness and a component-specific cushion with different pin matrix sizes. Results indicate that the deformation is more uniform with significant improvement in shape accuracy of the component formed with a component-specific cushion.
The mid-6th century AD enigmatic mega earthquake and tsunami in central Greece: a seismotectonic, archeological, and historical reexamination
Authors: Papadopoulos Gerassimos A , Triantafyllou Ioanna , Vassilopoulou Andromachi
Published: December 2022

In AD 552 the area around the Gulf of Corinth, Central Greece, was reportedly hit by large destructive earthquakes. At the same time a tsunami supposedly hit Maliac Bay. The case calls for a realistic interpretation since earthquake scenarios failed to explain rationally the narration of the contemporary Byzantine historian Procopius, the only literary source. Scholars have some doubts about Procopius’ reliability since he frequently copied classical authors. We found impressive similarities between the texts of Procopius and those by classic authors regarding the 426 BC central Greece tsunamigenic earthquake. Very likely the AD 552 Maliac Bay tsunami is a fake event in mimic of the 426 BC one. Sixth-century seismic disasters in southern Greece, reported away from the Gulf of Corinth have been attributed as a deus ex machina to the AD 552 earthquake(s) due to the lack of supporting literary sources. After critical examination of the Procopius’ narration and of relevant geological, seismotectonic, and archeological evidence, we concluded with a scenario comprising two strong (magnitude ~6.5) earthquakes but without tsunami generation. The first earthquake perhaps happened in Boeotia, NE Corinth Gulf, as palaeoseismological evidence also indicates. The second earthquake, in Patras-Naupactus area, western Corinth Gulf, is supported by convincing archeological findings. However, seismic destruction horizons in southern Greece are interpreted by distinct sixth-century earthquakes independent from the Procopius’ ones.
Health data governance in China: Emphasizing ‘sharing’ and ‘protection’ based on the right to health
Authors: Sun Lujia
Published: December 2022

This article examines, within China’s complex healthcare sector, the extent to which China’s legal frameworks can adapt to a data-driven context that requires the reconciliation of public and private interests for the use of health data. Current data-processing mechanisms operate through individual consent, and administrative authorisation in mobile health settings are insufficient and ineffective to meet societal needs while simultaneously protecting individuals’ interests. In light of this shift of regulation from individual control to collective governance, this article argues that the principle of the right to health may complement this collective governance model. The right to health principle emphasises solidarity, justice, confidentiality, and collective responsibility, which may balance power asymmetries in the use of health data among different stakeholders. The article proposes a solution that incorporates the state’s obligation with private actors’ responsibilities, while stressing the importance of data sharing and the fair use of health data.
Disseminated Halicephalobus gingivalis infection in a horse
Authors: Pillai Viju V. , Mudd Lydia J. , Sola Mario F.
Published: December 2022

A 19-y-old American Saddlebred gelding was evaluated for epiphora of the right eye and generalized cachexia. Initial examination revealed anterior uveitis without ulceration, for which treatment was initiated. Despite the initial response to treatment, the signs progressively worsened to blindness. Histologic examination of the enucleated eye revealed granulomatous panuveitis and optic neuritis with intralesional nematode larvae identified as Halicephalobus gingivalis. Over time and despite anthelmintic treatment, blindness developed in the left eye along with neurologic signs, and the horse was euthanized. Disseminated halicephalobosis was diagnosed on postmortem examination, involving the heart, spleen, kidneys, oral cavity, tongue, left eye, lungs, CNS, adrenal glands, liver, and lymph nodes. Splenic involvement has not been reported previously, to our knowledge. Halicephalobosis is a sporadic parasitic disease that affects equids mostly and for which prognosis is poor despite aggressive systemic anthelmintic treatment. Parasitic granulomatous disease should be included as a differential diagnosis in equids with ocular or neurologic disease.
Examining Differences in Self-Reported Health and Access to Health Care Among People With Early- and Late-Onset Disability
Authors: Goddard Kelsey S. , Hall Jean P. , Kurth Noelle K.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the study is to compare self-reported health and access to health care among people with early- and late-onset disability. Adults with disabilities 18 to 62 years of age participated in the 2018 U.S. National Survey on Health and Disability (NSHD), which is a nationally representative, internet-based survey that provides data related to health insurance and access to health care. A subsample of participants who reported age at disability onset ( n = 1,188) completed measures related to demographics, health status, health insurance, and access to health care services. Results show that people with early-onset disability were significantly more likely to receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI; p < .001), less likely to receive Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI; p < .001), more likely to have Medicaid ( p < .001), and less likely to have Medicare ( p < .01). People with late-onset disability were more likely to report service limitations and were more likely to report fair/poor health ( p < .001). Overall, study findings suggest that people with late-onset disability report higher out-of-pocket health care expenditures, greater access limitations, and poorer health. Medical professionals and disability service providers should be mindful about assisting this population in locating appropriate health insurance coverage, health services, and financial assistance.
A Virtual Tutoring Program to Increase Students’ Text Reading Fluency
Authors: Musti Shobana , Smith Jesslyn M. , Begeny John C.
Published: December 2022

Text reading fluency is an important reading goal for all students. Students with a known reading disability often need systematic and evidence-based instructional supports to reach grade-level benchmarks in fluency. A recent focus on high-impact tutoring practices has given attention to the virtual or remote implementation of programs. This article provides recommendations for educators interested in setting up and implementing fluency instruction virtually to improve elementary or middle school students’ text reading fluency. Key instructional elements and other considerations for virtual implementation are discussed.
Interventions for Young Children With Social and Behavioral Challenges: A Conversation With Dr. Maureen Conroy
Authors: Haydon Todd , Marie Copestick Jasmin
Published: December 2022

Dr. Maureen Conroy shares her reflections on a career that focuses on developing, validating, and evaluating interventions for young children with social and behavioral challenges. Dr. Conroy discusses her past experiences and her perspective on where the field is headed. Finally, she provides her advice for those entering the field.
Personal Agency as a Component of Applied Behavior Analysis
Authors: Desnoyer Brittany , Liu Kimy
Published: December 2022

Applied behavior analysis (ABA), a mainstay treatment used in the education of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), has grown in popularity in recent years. Paralleling the growth of ABA are increasing concerns regarding its inequitable treatment of vulnerable, and otherwise marginalized, populations of students. Although ABA has been shown to provide observable educational benefit, a growing number of professionals argue against its solitary use, believing it undermines respect for autonomy and social justice. In this column, a critical analysis of ABA practice is presented, through the lens of equity and the self-determined learning model of instruction. More specifically, advocacy for heightened emphasis on choice and personal agency, paired with strategies to support active learning within ABA-informed interventions, are discussed.
Self-Compassion in Chinese Young Adults: Its Measurement and Measurement Construct
Authors: Zhao Mengya , Ford Tamsin , Smithson Janet , Wang Peng , Karl Anke
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Self-compassion is the ability to be kind to oneself in adversity. This multidimensional construct is typically assessed by the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). In Chinese samples, there have been inconsistent psychometric findings that impede cross-cultural research. This study aimed to explore the factor structure of the Chinese version (SCS-C).

Methods

Two samples of young Chinese adults were recruited (Sample 1, N = 465, 141 men, Mean age [ Mage] = 20.26; Sample 2, N = 392, 71 men; Mage = 18.97). Confirmatory factor analyses and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used to examine previously reported four- and six-factor structures of SCS-C.

Results

Although ESEM supported the six-factor structure when a problematic item was omitted, we found stronger evidence for a novel four-factor structure of the SCS-C revealed with self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness, and uncompassionate self-responding. This suggests that Chinese individuals have a different understanding of the negative components of the original self-compassion definition, which was based on the United States and other mostly Western samples. Omega coefficients of the bifactor models suggested that using the SCS total score in Chinese samples is inappropriate. However, high factor determinacy and construct replicability indicated that the general factor of SCS-C could be used in a structural equation modeling context for both four-factor and six-factor structures.

Conclusions

When using the existing SCS-C in path models, researchers should use a latent variable approach and establish the measurement construct rather than sum scores of the scale or subscales without checking the factor structure in future empirical studies. Also, the SCS-C needs to be revised, and we proposed directions forward for future research.
Using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Between- and Within-Persons Factor Structure of the DASS-21
Authors: Bond Melissa H. , Wickham Robert E.
Published: December 2022

The recent integration of traditional time series analysis and confirmatory factor analysis techniques allows researchers to evaluate the psychometric properties of measurement instruments at between- and within-persons levels while accounting for autoregressive dependencies. The current study applies a dynamic structural equation modeling (SEM) latent factor analysis (i.e., DSEM-CFA) to a sample of 333 individuals who completed the DASS-21 at their regular therapy sessions. The results of the DSEM-CFA illuminate the reliability, invariance, and structural features of each DASS-21 subscale both between and within persons. The results suggest that the DASS-21 reliably measures depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms when evaluating differences between persons, but does not reliably assess within-persons fluctuations in symptoms over time. The results also suggest that currently accepted methods of modeling sensitivity to change within an instrument are likely lacking and the DSEM-CFA provides insight into reliability within and between persons, which is extremely important for instruments used across time.
Correlates of Client-Perpetrated Violence Against Female Sex Workers in Bogotá
Authors: Vergara Carlos Iglesias , Solymosi Reka
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to estimate the prevalence of client-perpetrated violence against female sex workers (FSWs) in Bogotá and to understand what structural and environmental factors are associated with such victimization. The project used secondary data from interviews with 2,684 FSWs. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to test for associations with client-perpetrated violence. Findings reveal that factors such as experiencing police harassment and social stigma were positively associated with client-perpetrated violence. Situational factors such as providing services in motels, hotels, on the street, and in cars were also associated with increased odds of becoming a victim of violence.
Pedagogy of Possibility: Proleptic Teaching and Language Learning
Authors: Phillips Galloway Emily , Meston Heather M.
Published: December 2022

We charted how one educator's use of proleptic language—or language that invoked students’ imagined future identities as if they are fully realized in the present—situated students in communities of academic and professional practice, both within the tangible community of the classroom and within those intangible communities consisting of college students, litigators, music producers, and activists which her students aspired to join. Students demonstrated transformative agency in aligning, resisting, and reinterpreting these proleptic bids, which appeared to create opportunities for students to engage in authentic uses of academic discourse as well as to develop critical rhetorical flexibility—or skill in using all language resources flexibly and critically as a part of participation in an array of social contexts. We suggest that the use of proleptic talk transforms the tenor of academic language instruction by centering students’—rather than teachers’—goals for language learning and by recognizing learners’ past, present, and future selves.
Childhood School Performance in Adults Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Vňuková Martina , Děchtěrenko Filip , Weissenberger Simon , Anders Martin , Ptáček Radek
Published: December 2022

Objective:

Children with ADHD often tend to underperform in school. This partial study aimed to find out if the school experience of adults with higher ADHD symptomatology differs from those with lower and no ADHD symptomatology.

Method:

Based on the results of ASRS questionnaires, the respondents were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) according to the manifested ADHD symptomatology. We explored their school experiences by looking at their grades for behavior at school, notes regarding their attendance, school expulsion, and other school experiences.

Results:

Children with higher ADHD symptomatology were significantly more likely to be expelled, receive notes for bad behavior, disturbing or forgetting as well as receive reprimands from teachers.

Conclusion:

Our results show that children with increased ADHD symptomatology experience more difficulties with school behavior, they are frequently reprimanded, and they do receive more negative feedback regarding their attendance and tardiness from teachers.
Comparison of intravitreal ranibizumab, aflibercept and bevacizumab therapies in diabetic macular edema with serous retinal detachment
Authors: Sirakaya Ender , Kilic Deniz , Aslan Sirakaya Hatice
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To compare the effects of ranibizumab, aflibercept and bevacizumab treatments in treatment-naive diabetic macular edema(DME) patients with serous retinal detachment(SRD).

Material and methods

This is a retrospective, comparative study. In a sample of 86 eyes of 86 untreated DME patients with accompanying SRD, 23 patients were treated with ranibizumab (IVR), 28 patients with aflibercept (IVA), and 35 patients with bevacizumab (IVB). All were injected intravitreally once a month for a 3-month loading dose. Subsequently, all participants were evaluated every months and if neccessary they received additional intravitreal treatments.Mean changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and SRD height over the 6-months study period were compared.

Results

At baseline, the groups did not differ in mean BCVA,CRT and SRD height. During the first 3 months, in IVA group the mean decrease in CRT and SRD height were significantly more than in the other two groups ( p < 0.05 for all). However, these differences disappeared at 6 months.The number of injections was similar between the groups during the study period.

Conclusion

In patients with DME accompanied by SRD, IVA is a more advantageous option in terms of reduction in CRT and SRD height from baseline to 3 months. In the 6-month period of treatment, IVR, IVA and IVB therapies areanatomically and functionally similar and significant effective modalities.
Remedying the fractured domain through slow journalism: A case of journalistic podcasting in India
Authors: Mehendale Sneha Gore , Jaggi Ruchi Kher
Published: December 2022

This study contributes significantly by adding to the limited existing knowledge of news podcasting practices as well as building an empirical understanding of a specific type of slow journalism. It examines the practices of news podcasting in India and positions it as a form of slow journalism. The study found that this construction of slow journalism through podcasting is purposeful on the journalist's part. More importantly, it is done with the intention of remedying the systemic fractures that contemporary journalism experiences. Finally, reclaiming the lost trust in journalism through practicing slow journalism is one of the crucial aims that podcasting journalists have in this context. The data for this paper was collected through newsroom observations and in-depth interviews with podcasting journalists across three Indian newsrooms. The study reveals the specific features of the news selection and production practices of the podcasting journalists fitting in the slow journalism framework, as told through their own perspectives as practitioners.
An Experimental Investigation on Tribological Behaviour of Polyalphaolefin (PAO4) Oil Modified with Cu/MnS Nanocomposites
Authors: Varalakshmi MV , Venugopal Reddy V
Published: December 2022

The tribological behavior of Polyalphaolefin oil (PAO4) with the inclusion of Cu/MnS nanocomposites was investigated experimentally and compared with the behavior of the base oil operating with individual Cu and MnS nanoparticles. Cu/MnS nanocomposites with an average size of 98 nm were synthesized and used as additives in PAO4 base oil with concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 Wt%. Using a standard four-ball testing machine, the tribological properties of oil containing Cu/MnS nanocomposites were examined between steel/steel contacts. Using the friction torque data, the Coefficient of Friction (COF) was determined. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the Wear Scar Diameters (WSD) of the balls, which were also equipped with an Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX). PAO4 oil with Cu/MnS composites shown a better tribological performance than oil with mono nanoparticles. Also, among all samples, base oil with 0.6 wt. % concentration of Cu/MnS nanocomposites yielded excellent results. The COF decreased by 69.7%. The decrease in friction coefficient is due to the formation of a protective layer as a result of nanoparticles deposition on the rubbing surfaces. The wear behavior was modified due to the change during the frictional process from sliding friction to rolling friction.

Graphical Abstract:

[Formula: see text]
Telehealth in cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Burbury Kate , Brooks Peter , Gilham Leslie , Solo Ilana , Piper Amanda , Underhill Craig , Campbell Philip , Blum Robert , Brown Stephen , Barnett Frances , Torres Javier , Wang Xiaofang , Poole William , Grobler Anneke , Johnston Genevieve , Beer Cassandra , Cross Hannah , Wong Zee Wan
Published: December 2022

Introduction

The Victorian COVID-19 Cancer Network (VCCN) Telehealth Expert Working Group aimed to evaluate the telehealth (TH) experience for cancer patients, carers and clinicians with the rapid uptake of TH in early 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We conducted a prospective multi-centre cross-sectional survey involving eight Victorian regional and metropolitan cancer services and three consumer advocacy groups. Patients or their carers and clinicians who had TH consultations between 1 July 2020 and 31 December 2020 were invited to participate in patient and clinician surveys, respectively. These surveys were opened from September to December 2020.

Results

The acceptability of TH via both video (82.9%) and phone (70.4%) were high though acceptability appeared to decrease in older phone TH users. Video was associated with higher satisfaction compared to phone (87.1% vs 79.7%) even though phone was more commonly used. Various themes from the qualitative surveys highlighted barriers and enablers to rapid TH implementation.

Discussion

The high TH acceptability supports this as a safe and effective strategy for continued care and should persist beyond the pandemic environment, where patient preferences are considered and clinically appropriate. Ongoing support to health services for infrastructure and resources, as well as expansion of reimbursement eligibility criteria for patients and health professionals, including allied health and nursing, are crucial for sustainability.
Legitimate culture, field of power, and domination
Authors: Iso Naoki
Published: December 2022

This review critically examines the Fields, Capitals, Habitus ( FCH) study and discusses its potential application to a forthcoming study in Japan. It investigates FCH from four perspectives. First, it compares the approach of FCH to the relationship between culture and inequality in Australia with Bourdieu's approach in Distinction and that taken in the United Kingdom by Culture, Class, Distinction. In doing so, it aims to define the theoretical scope of FCH as a sociological and Australian study. Second, it focuses on the definition of legitimate culture, that is, how does it differ from other types of culture? Third, it considers how FCH engages with the field of power. This concept, which is unique to Bourdieu, extends beyond politics and economics. How does it construct a field of power? Finally, the study of culture and inequality in Japan, which has just begun, is briefly introduced as research that builds on the FCH study.
The power of predictability: How Angela Merkel constructed her authenticity on Instagram
Authors: Sonnevend Julia , Steiert Olivia
Published: December 2022

Attention-seeking personal profiles on social media increasingly define successful political communication. But Angela Merkel, during her 16-year chancellorship, has come to stand for the opposite. The first woman to ever fill the office, she built a reputation for rational, evidence-based decision-making and predictable performances. Based on a visual discourse analysis of Angela Merkel’s official Instagram account, this article shows how her authenticity was strategically built through performances of ordinariness and consistency, without relying on more emotional aspects of presentation such as immediacy and intimacy. Instead of shaping her online persona according to the traditions and style of Instagram, Merkel attempted to bend Instagram to host her unique persona. Instead of “instagramizing” Merkel, she “merkelized” Instagram. This finding complicates understandings of social media and contemporary politics as being focused on relatability, spectacle, and drama. It also questions the close conceptual connection of authenticity and intimate, emotional representations.
From Vaccines to Vitality: The Progression of a Community–Academic Collaboration
Authors: Krakora Maria , Townsend Tyra , Castillo Smyntek Ximena Alejandra , Sickler Lyndsey , Henry Constanza , Hardeman Carol , Savage Friedman Felicia , Sidani Jaime E. , Amodei Joseph , Ruiz Monica , Rosen Daniel , Ho Ken , Patterson Kisha , Massart Mylynda , Miller Elizabeth , Tharp-Gilliam Shannah , Ragavan Maya I.
Published: December 2022

In this practice note, we document the progression of the Community Vaccine Collaborative (CVC), on which we first published in 2021. The CVC convened to address deep COVID-19-related disparities affecting the Black, Latine, immigrant/refugee, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, (questioning), intersex, asexual, and (agender; LGBTQIA+) communities. The COVID-19 pandemic is rooted in centuries of oppression and marginalization leading to inequities and required dedicated focus to support marginalized communities in times of crisis. The CVC comprises community members, community-based organizations, health care providers, researchers, health systems leaders, and public health practitioners (among others), all of whom are dedicated to promoting COVID-19 vaccine equity. As the pandemic shifts and changes, so too has our group, to remain relevant to community needs and priorities. This article details Year 2 of the CVC, focusing on how we have grown and sustained this unique partnership. We also share results from an evaluation of the CVC, documenting participation in the collaborative space and alignment with CVC core principles. Finally, we discuss next steps and implications for the CVC including our pivot from vaccines to community vitality as we expand and sustain our collaborative efforts to address the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and intersecting public health crises.
Individual and Work-Related Characteristics Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Status among Ohio Nurses
Authors: Jun Jin , Tubbs Cooley Heather , O’Mathúna Dónal P. , Kim Minjin , Pignatiello Grant , Fitzpatrick Joyce J. , Tucker Sharon
Published: December 2022

Uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine by nurses lags behind that of other health care professionals with minimal empirical evidence to understand this phenomenon. In this secondary analysis, we examined nurses’ individual and work-related characteristics and their association with COVID-19 vaccination status. Alumni of three Ohio nursing colleges and members of a professional organization were invited to complete questionnaires from June through August 2021. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between nurse characteristics and vaccination status. Among 844 respondents, 754 (80.30%) had received at least one dose of the vaccine. Older age, having a bachelor's degree or higher, and working in critical care were associated with vaccination. Providing direct care for COVID-19 patients in the last 7 days and a higher perception of one's work being affected by COVID-19 were significantly associated with being vaccinated, whereas prior COVID-19 infection was inversely associated with vaccination status. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccine uptake among nurses is influenced by a host of factors related to virus knowledge, beliefs, and risk perceptions. Awareness of these factors can aid the development of interventions to increase nurses’ acceptance of vaccines.
Physical Activity Intervention Effects on Waist-to-Hip Ratio in African American Men Living With HIV
Authors: Kelly Terri-Ann , Kim Soojong , Jemmott Loretta S. , Icard Larry D. , Jemmott John B.
Published: December 2022

People living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy have an increased risk of developing metabolic disturbances and central adiposity. Adequate engagement in physical activity (PA) could reduce the risk of chronic diseases associated with central adiposity. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of a PA intervention with 302 African American men aged 40 or older (53.9±7.2 years) living with HIV to assess whether the intervention reduced the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Generalized estimating equation analyses tested whether the PA intervention reduced WHR compared with the control group and whether age moderated its effect, adjusting for follow-up assessment time (3, 6, and 12 months postintervention) and baseline WHR and age. The analysis revealed that the intervention’s effect on WHR was not significant ( B = −0.008, p = .097). However, a significant interaction between age and the intervention ( B = 0.001, p = .046) indicated that the intervention’s effect in reducing WHR waned with increasing age. For instance, when dividing participants into three age subgroups, the intervention reduced WHR for men ages 40 to 50 ( B = −0.020, p = .013) and ages 50 and 60 ( B = −0.007, p = .315) but increased it among those older than 60 ( B = 0.013, p = .252). The intervention’s effects on WHR differed by participants’ age, suggesting that different PA strategies may be needed based on age to improve the metabolic profile and reduce chronic disease risk in African American men living with HIV.
Why Jewish Refugees Were Imprisoned in a Spanish Detention Camp while Fleeing Europe (1940–1945)
Authors: Adams Jacqueline
Published: December 2022

One route out of continental Europe for Jewish refugees seeking to escape Nazi and Vichy persecution was via Franco’s Spain. Yet hundreds of these refugees were imprisoned soon after arriving in the country. From prison, men of military age tended to be sent to a detention camp for weeks, months or up to three years. This camp was known as the ‘Campo de Concentración de Miranda de Ebro’, and conditions in it were harsh. Why were Jewish men sent there? They were interned in the camp because senior Spanish officials created a series of policies that spelt out what officials and officers should do with different categories of foreigners who had entered the country without all the necessary documents. These policies did not target Jews. They were influenced by large population movements within France and from France into Spain; by the pro-Axis and pro-Allies leanings of senior officials; and by pressure that the British, American and German ambassadors in Madrid put on the Spanish government. Between September 1940 and January 1943, the policy determined that provincial governors were responsible for deciding what to do with newly arrived foreigners. Provincial governors’ membership in the Falange, a Germanophile party, may have influenced their decisions. While interned in the camp, many Jewish refugees saw their visas to their final destinations and boat tickets out of Europe expire, and they endured hunger, illness, separation from their family and other conditions that were detrimental to their health.
Menstruation and training – A quantitative study of (non-)communication about the menstrual cycle in German sports clubs
Authors: Laske Hanna , Konjer Mara , Meier Henk Erik
Published: December 2022

The menstrual cycle is one of the most fundamental differences between men and women and is capable of influencing the performance, well-being and health of female athletes. Despite increasing research, the influence of the menstrual cycle on athletic performance is still largely a mystery and highly individual. This in turn increases the importance of effective communication between coaches and female athletes. The purpose of this study is to analyse the existing communication behaviour of coaches as perceived by female athletes, as well as their willingness to communicate about the menstrual cycle. Therefore, we developed an online questionnaire addressed to female sports club athletes ( n = 1195). Questions about the coach's thematisation of the menstrual cycle and the female athlete's willingness to communicate served as dependent variables. Ordinary least squares regressions were conducted for both dependent constructs. We found that communication behaviour depends on coaches’ age, type of sport and training frequency. Communication willingness depends on the gender of the coach, athletes’ age, type of sport, training frequency and perception of cycle-related performance fluctuations. Overall, the results of our study also show a large gap between desire and reality-even in 2022 coaches rarely talk about the menstrual cycle, although a large proportion of female athletes would be willing to do so. Both coaches and athletes should be empowered to communicate more openly about menstrual cycle. Improving communication skills on both sides may also improve the coach-athlete relationship.
A systematic review of velocity and accelerometer thresholds in soccer
Authors: Díaz-Soto Francisco Javier , Rico-González Markel , Palucci Vieira Luiz H , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Nobari Hadi , Pino-Ortega José
Published: December 2022

Background: Velocity and acceleration have been highlighted as the most critical variables in soccer. However, there is a consensus gap in defining different levels of effort. Aim: The purpose of this systematic review is to identify if it is a consensus in those articles that proposed a threshold to establish (i) movement intensity at different velocities using tracking systems and (ii) accelerations using inertial measurement units, classifying the justification methods. Method: A systematic review of Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Of the 1983 studies initially identified, 39 were thoroughly reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. Conclusion: The 40-m maximal linear sprint and physical fitness tests are the most commonly used methods to generate speed and acceleration thresholds in soccer. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in locomotor test procedures and workload zones established from these performance data. Studies diverged when considering the use of individualized thresholds. The low sampling rate (≤ 10 Hz) in the publications calculating acceleration and deceleration demands should also be interpreted cautiously. The present study collected evidence to help professionals process and interpret external load data. More interventional work is needed to confirm the value of fitness-based individualizations.