bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unilateral submandibular gland aplasia with ipsilateral parotid gland hypertrophy presenting as infra-auricular swelling
Authors: Jain Rupali , Ahuja Chirag Kamal , Virk Ramandeep , Singh Paramjeet
Published: December 2020

Congenital absence of any one of the major salivary glands is usually asymptomatic per se but may come to the fore during evaluation of a relatively insignificant consequence it may lead to. We report a rare case of unilateral submandibular gland aplasia presenting with a long-standing ipsilateral infra-auricular facial swelling due to compensatory secondary hypertrophy of the parotid gland, which was mistaken as recurrent parotitis. This was evident on computed tomography as an absent right submandibular gland with smooth bulky ipsilateral parotid having no ductal dilatation or periglandular inflammation. An awareness of this etiology, though rare, would be helpful to both the radiologist and the referring physician as it would prevent an unnecessary biopsy of the enlarged parotid and mitigate the scare arising out of the clinical findings of an infra-auricular swelling.
The human larynx physiological and pathophysiological aspects
Authors: Munjal Manish , Munjal Shubham , Sadhu Kanwarpreet , Gupta Vidushi , Badyal Hem Lata , Sidhu Joginder , Sharma Garima , Kaur Roop Harnoor
Published: December 2020

In this era of minimally invasive surgical intervention s, the knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of the larynx is vital to the laryngologist.  The conventional procedure of laryngeal surgery has been superseded by functional micro-laryngeal surgery whereby now the emphasis is not on removing the pathology but reverting the function of the larynx. The surgical intervention is at the superficial mucosal level only. The physiology and patho-physiology of the larynx needs introspection.  
The epidemiological investigation of bed bugs, Cimex lectularius in Jeddah governorate, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khan Samar A. , Mahyoub Jazem A. , Al-Ghamdi Khalid M. , Gharsan Fatehia N. , Elhassan Somia A. Mohammed , Alghamdi Tariq S.
Published: December 2020

Background: Bed bugs are small insects that feed on animal blood at all stages of their life cycle, with the most common species, Cimex lectularius, preferring to feed on human blood. In recent years, it has reappeared in many countries around the world.                                                                                                                                  

Methods: Samples of bed bugs were collected from Jeddah governorate neighbourhoods from 4th December, 2018, to 1st May, 2019, to determine the infected neighbourhoods and the degree of insect infestation. The study was conducted by random selection of individuals in the Jeddah community; data were collected through the completion of 1000 questionnaires, which were then statistically analysed.                            

Results: The current study monitored the presence of bed bugs in many neighbourhoods of Jeddah governorate; their presence percentage varied according to the different neighbourhoods, and they were arranged in descending order according to the percentage of their presence as follows: Al-Safa >Bani-Malik >Al-Sherafiya >Al Jamaa >Al Nuzula. The prevalence of bed bugs related to the population density, random neighbourhoods, low level of hygiene in the neighbourhood, and moving from one residence to another. 98% of the residents of Jeddah in the sample agreed that bed bugs were a disturbing pest and an environmental problem which needs to be researched and studied to reach the best ways to control it, as 99.6% of them agreed the necessity of including bed bugs in the list of disturbing pests and vectors of diseases that must be controlled by the concerned authorities in Jeddah governorate.            

Conclusions: The necessity of including bed bugs as one of the pests that need to be considered and must be controlled by the relevant authorities.
Evaluation of anti-dermatophytic activity of medicinal plants derived products
Authors: Gupta Anu , . Alisha , Kaur Sandeep , Gill Prabhjot Kaur
Published: December 2020

Background: Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi which are able to invade the keratinized tissue skin, hair and nail. In this study different medicinal plants like Melaleuca alternifolia, Zingiber officinale, Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, Citrus limonum, Curcuma longa, Cocos nucifera were used as antifungal agent against different dermatophyte species.

Methods: A hospital-based study consisting of 320 patients clinically diagnosed having dermatophytic infection who reported to the Dermatology outpatient department (OPD), Adesh medical college, Bathinda was conducted for the period of 2 years. Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected and sample was taken from the edge of infected area which was then collected in 2 ml of Eppendorf. Extracts of medicinal plants were then explored against dermatophyte. The data was evaluated using appropriate statistical method.

Results: All dermatophyte species were found sensitive for Melaleuca alternifolia, Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum. These medicinal plants showed very good results as antifungal against dermatophytes while Azadirachta indica and Citrus limonum were moderate sensitive and Curcuma longa and Cocos nucifera did not show any zone of inhibition around the well.

Conclusions: This research provides a scientific validation for the use of these medicinal plants in the treatment of dermatophytic infection and could be used in future for dermatophytic infection and other skin infection.
Effectiveness and safety of ciclopirox olamine in patients with dermatophytosis: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Saraf Vinay , Mahajan Satyaprakash , Deshmukh Gaurav , Dhoot Dhiraj , Barkate Hanmant
Published: December 2020

Background: The current scenario of dermatophytosis is alarming, despite the availability of multiple antifungal agents the management of dermatophytosis is still challenging. Hence there is a need for a different antifungal with a novel mechanism of action for the management of dermatophytosis.

Methods: It was retrospective cohort study where in record of patients with dermatophytosis who were candidates for topical therapy only were analysed. All the patients were treated with Ciclopirox olamine 1% twice daily for 6 weeks. The efficacy end points were complete cure rate, mycological cure rate and clinical cure rate.

Results: 613 patients were included in the final analysis. At the end of study period the complete, mycological and clinical cure rates were 73.89%, 75.37% and 77.65% respectively. Out of 613 patients included 528 patients showed treatment failure to previous topical antifungal agents while 84 patients were treatment naïve. In treatment failure patients the complete, mycological and clinical cure rates were 72.15%, 73.48, and 75.56% respectively. In treatment naïve patients the complete, mycological and clinical cure rates were 84.70%, 87.05% and 90.58% respectively. 5.70% reported adverse events. The most common adverse event was pruritus followed erythema, dryness and rash.

Conclusions: Results of this study proves that ciclopirox is efficacious and safe in the management of dermatophytosis. This study also proves that ciclopirox is useful in those patients who failed to respond to other topical antifungal agents. 
Dermoscopic evaluation of nail psoriasis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Varma Krishnendra , Kumar Ujjwal , Jain Praneeta
Published: December 2020

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory immune mediated disease that can involve skin, nails, scalp, etc. Nails can be involved in up to 90% of psoriatic patients in their lifetime. Also, psoriatic arthritis is commonly found in patients having nail involvement. Nail changes in psoriasis can be imperceptible to the unaided eye and easily missed on clinical examination. Onychoscopy has helped in improving diagnosing these subtle clinical features. Aim of the research was to study dermoscopic features in nails involved in psoriasis.

Methods: 50 patients having clinically evident nail psoriasis, of which 2 were excluded due to positive KOH examination were recruited in the cross-sectional descriptive study. After clinical examination, all the nails were subjected to dermoscopic examination. The findings were tabulated in Excel and comparisons were made.

Results: The common dermoscopic findings were pits (79.2%), splinter haemorrhage (72.9%), onycholysis (68.8%), subungual hyperkeratosis (50%), nail plate scales (50%), dilated PNF/LNF capillaries (20.8%), ridges (18.8%), leukonychia (14.5%), salmon spots (10.4%), fuzzy lunula (8.3%), and dilated hyponychial capillaries (6.3%).

Conclusions: Dermoscopy is a simple, easy, rapid and an office-based technique. It helps in picking up subtle nail changes not visible to the naked eye. It also precludes from doing painful nail biopsy in nail disease without its skin manifestation. Onychoscopy helps in picking up early nail findings in psoriasis and thereby warning the patients against impending disease severity.
Efficacy of platelet rich plasma in chronic leg ulcers: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Wanniang Naphisabet , Shukla Pankaj , Pai Varadraj V.
Published: December 2020

Background: Chronic wounds affect approximately 1-2% of the population in Europe and the United States. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as an effective, inexpensive, minimally invasive treatment modality for chronic leg ulcers. Objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of PRP, and to compare the effectiveness of PRP to regular antiseptic dressing in the management of chronic leg ulcers.

Methods: A hundred patients with chronic leg ulcers of more than 6 weeks duration were randomized into two groups (PRP and conventional dressing group). Patients in the PRP group received weekly intradermal injections of PRP to the wound in addition to conventional daily dressings till complete healing of the ulcers or up to a maximum of 6 weekly PRP sessions. Percentage of improvement in the area and volume of the ulcers were recorded. Patients were followed up at 1 month post PRP treatment.

Results: The mean reduction in the area of the ulcers at the end of 6 weeks was 66.39% in the PRP group and 28.6% in the control group. The mean reduction in volume of the ulcers at the end of 6 weeks was 71.80% and 37.88% in the case and control group respectively. At the end of 1 month post treatment follow-up, 74% and 10% of the ulcers treated with PRP and with conventional dressing respectively showed complete healing.

Conclusions: Leg ulcers treated with PRP showed a significantly higher reduction in the area and volume of the ulcers compared to ulcers treated with conventional moist dressing.
Cutaneous manifestations among health-care workers caring for COVID patients
Authors: Kilaru Krishna Rajesh , Chekuru Kavya , Munnangi Pooja , Chennur Mallesari , Sukhavasi Babitha , Kilaru Manogna Chowdary
Published: December 2020

Background: Due to the high transmission ability of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, front-line healthcare workers (HCWs) are at a greater risk of contracting the infection during the management of COVID patients. As a result, prevention measures against COVID-19 disease transmission like personal protective equipment (PPE) and frequent hand washing have become a necessity. While these measures are effective against COVID-19 transmission, they have negative implications as well, one of which is their detrimental effects on the skin. The objective of the study was to understand the prevalence and pattern of cutaneous manifestations among HCWs caring for COVID patients.

Methods: A descriptive study on HCWs caring for COVID-19 patients was conducted at a designated COVID hospital from September to October 2020. Data on protective measures taken and cutaneous examination findings were recorded and analyzed.

Results: Among 310 HCWs in this study, 137 HCWs (44.19%) had skin rash. The highest incidence of cutaneous manifestations was seen among nurses (48.33%), followed by doctors (42.29%) and support staff (33.33%). Hand eczema (43.80%) was the most common manifestation, followed by acne (22.63%), hair fall (18.98%), sweat dermatitis (11.68%), pressure dermatitis (10.22%), irritant contact dermatitis (7.30%). Seborrhea capitis, pruritus, xerosis, hyperpigmentation, urticaria, tinea corporis, and eczema over legs were the other cutaneous manifestations seen in this study.

Conclusions: Nearly half of the HCWs in this study had cutaneous manifestations. Hence, there is a need to educate the HCWs regarding best practices for the prevention of skin damage caused by PPE and frequent hand wash.
Successful treatment of granuloma faciale
Authors: Alsharif Sahar H. , Saifaldeen Reda H. , Alghanemi Logain G.
Published: December 2020

Granuloma faciale (GF) is a chronic condition characterized by asymptomatic erythematous plaque with prominent telangiectasia presenting usually over the face. Although the condition is benign, its treatment is often unsatisfactory. Therapeutic modalities that have been tried include topical steroids and topical tacrolimus sometimes enhanced with topical dapsone. Others include intralesional corticosteroids, antimalarials, isoniazid and pulsed-dye laser. We report a case of a 58 years old female with a 1 year history of a solitary slowly progressive plaque over the nose. Diagnosis of GF was made based on the histopathological findings. The patient was started on the combination of topical tacrolimus, intralesional corticosteroids injection and oral doxycycline for 3 months. The patient showed gradual improvement in 3 months without any side effects. This case supports previous papers of successful treatment of GF with topical tacrolimus. There was no recurrence at follow-up 18 months later. It also supports the use of combination therapy especially in resistant cases.
Double trouble-pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient of lepromatous leprosy
Authors: Pravin Avinash , Celestin Geo Danny , Kumar Ashok , Manoharan D.
Published: December 2020

The association of two of the oldest diseases of mankind, leprosy and tuberculosis (TB) has been uncommonly reported within the literature. Herein, we report a known case of leprosy subsequently related to sputum positive TB complicated by a type-II lepra reaction. there's a requirement for screening of patients for TB in patients diagnosed with leprosy to stop the accidental misuse of a crucial drug, rifampicin to stop the likelihood of drug-resistant TB.
Dyssebacea: a feature that points to an underlying pellagra
Authors: George Neethu Mary , Potlapati Amruthavalli
Published: December 2020

Niacin (vitamin B3) is a B complex vitamin whose deficiency leads to pellagra, a condition with characteristic cutaneous, gastrointestinal and neurological features. In the western world, it is almost eradicated due to fortification of flour with niacin. In developing countries, it is commonly seen in low socioeconomic group of population or in areas where corn or maize is a staple diet and it generally affect adults. The role of niacin has also been detected in various non dermatological conditions like hypertension apart from its dermatological uses. Its deficiency can easily be missed unless the patient presents with the characteristic photosensitive rash. “Dyssebacia” is the name coined to describe numerous plugs of inspissated sebum projecting from dilated orifices of sebaceous gland. It is occasionally found to precede other dermatological findings in pellagra. Hence it is important for a clinician to know this unusual finding, dyssebacea, which helps in early detection and treatment of the deficiency.
Expert consensus on management of dermatophytosis in elderly patients, patients with comorbidities, and immunocompromised status: an Indian perspective
Authors: Thomas Jayakar , Parthasaradhi Anchala , Bajaj A. K. , Girdhar Mukesh , Ghoshal Asok , Haq Rizwan , Sachdev Maleeka , Ganjoo Anil , Kar Bikash R.
Published: December 2020

Dermatophytosis is a common fungal infection of skin contributing to increasing disease burden worldwide. Increasing age, presence of comorbid conditions and immunity have a profound impact on the manifestation of dermatophyte infections. Treatment of dermatophytosis includes monotherapy, combination therapy, or sequential therapy of antifungal drugs. However, specific patient populations such as the elderly, people with comorbid conditions, immunocompromised patients, etc. are subjected to inappropriate adverse events due to highly interacting host and drug factors. Thus, the management of dermatophytosis in special populations is a challenge, and it demands a change in the regular treatment plan. A group of Indian experts reviewed the evidence available on different antifungal agents for the management of dermatophytosis and provided their expert opinion on safe and effective management of the condition in special clinical scenarios. This article summarizes the consensus clinical viewpoint of the entire expert panel for a choice of the antifungal drug, factors to be assessed, and treatment considerations in special populations with dermatophytosis. The panel emphasized that complete knowledge of patient's clinical history, presence of comorbid conditions, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of antifungal agents and associated potential drug interactions are essential for the successful management of dermatophytosis in these patients. Also, regular monitoring of drug toxicity is important during antifungal therapy in special population.
Serological study of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among acute encephalitis syndrome cases at Chandrapur, Maharashtra
Authors: Surpam R B , Kolhe V S , Munde B , Gawande R , Bobade O
Published: December 2020

Japanese encephalitis Virus (JEV) a flaviviridae family member (genus Flavivirus) is the main cause of meta-zoonotic viral encephalitis in many Asian countries. The disease was primarily reported in 1952 from Nagpur territory of Maharashtra recording nearly 16 deaths of an unknown viral encephalitis which was later awarded to be JEV; just nearer to Chandrapur reporting the present catastrophes.

Hence we have undertaken present study to make a countable move not only towards the diagnosis of the diseases but also to restrict its future spread in Indian continent. Which will also aid medical practitioners to combat with this metazoonotic disorder.

Amongst total suspected population nearly these 20 males and 22 females were positive. Considering monthly distribution most number of suspected cases were seen in the month of July. Most number of JEV affected population was seen more in the age group of 1 to 5 years of children and with advancement of the age reduction in the number of seropositive cases were observed. Human blood or CSF to be the reservoir Source from which isolation of opportunistic infections could be made possible. Also important role played by vaccinations could also be cross checked in JE epidemic areas. Hence role of JE Vaccine in routine vaccination programme in JEV epidemic areas could also be proved to be beneficial.
Concrete as Heritage: The Social Perception from Heritage Criteria Perspective. The Eduardo Torroja’s Work
Authors: Ramírez-Guerrero Gema , García-Onetti Javier , Chica-Ruiz Juan Adolfo , Arcila-Garrido Manuel
Published: December 2020

Eduardo Torroja Miret (1899-1961) was one of the most important Spanish engineers. His understanding of structures and materials made him a world reference in the field of engineering and architecture. Due to the lack of ornamentation in his works and the lack of heritage interpretation aimed at a non-specialist public, many of his works sometimes go unnoticed by inexperienced eyes and, despite his important legacy, Torroja remains a great unknown. This paper reports on the existing heritage perception of two of his most outstanding works in Spain, the Zarzuela Hippodrome and the Instituto Técnico de la Construcción y el Cemento (Eduardo Torroja Institute). To this end, surveys and interviews were carried out with visitors to both buildings based on different heritage criteria, such as their architectural importance, aesthetics, significance or representativeness, but also from the point of view of the available tourist infrastructure. The results show a lack of appreciation in the heritage criteria related to its architectural, historical and aesthetic values, combined with a lack of knowledge about Torroja and its way of understanding architectural beauty.
Effect of Air-Shaft Partition Walls’ Arrangement on Structural Behaviour and Construction Technology of Wind Catchers in Iran
Authors: Vahdatpour Shoeleh , Ariaei Afrooz Rahimi
Published: December 2020

Four-sided wind catchers are common examples of wind catchers in Yazd. Analysing the physical and structural features of these wind catchers can reveal part of the characteristics of traditional Iranian architecture and the ability of traditional architects to use such renewable energies as wind power. The present study attempts to examine the effect of the arrangement of main and accessory air-shaft partition walls on the structural behaviour and construction technology of four-sided wind catchers through conducting library and field research studies. The study also attempts to simulate the process of constructing a four-sided wind catcher based on an optimal type. The analyses indicate that in addition to the amount of air conditioning, the shape of the partition walls has a direct relationship with the wind catcher’s degree of resistance to the internal and external forces. Moreover, the extension of the partition walls into the entirety of the rack and canal, compared to other similar types with partition walls in the rack, are more resistant against the lateral forces and transfer their resultant pressure more consistently thanks to their connected and consistent structure. The analysis of the construction process of wind catchers revealed part of the characteristics of the traditional Iranian architecture, utilizing vernacular materials and aiming at constructing high structures that are efficient, resistant, and dependent on renewable wind energy.
Effect of Hybrid Resources on Management Outcomes Micro-Hydro Power Plants in Remote Areas
Authors: Naim Muhammad Yusan , Pramoedyo Henny , Harahab Nuddin , Nodjeng Syarifuddin , Syam Sudirman
Published: December 2020

The effect of developing hybrid resources on the management outcomes of micro-hydropower plants in remote areas has been studied and analyzed. The hybrid resource is a combination of two energy sources, such as water and solar energy, that operate together in meeting the needs of electrical power in Ambava Village, Tinondo Sub-district, East-Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study has used a management model describing the relationship and influence of latent variables and their manifestation variables. Here, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) based Common-Pool-Resources (CPR) is the proper method of testing the structural model used. The results show that the Critics-Ratio (CR) and Standard Loading Factor (SLF) have fulfilled the expected value. The direct influence of the variable exogenous hybrid resources to the endogenous variable outcome of 0.213 has fulfilled the Gold of Fit criteria. Then, the direct impact of the most dominant latent variable is the operating dimension of the resource. At the same time, the indirect effect on the manifest variable is the increase in electricity reserve. Furthermore, the most dominant indirect impact of the hybrid resources latent variable is the benefit and cost dimensions, while the most dominant manifest variable is people's welfare savings.
Local budgets under quarantine measures yesterday, today and tomorrow
Authors: Kliment'eva N.M. , Anohina A.A. , Loginova E.E.
Published: December 2020

The authors of the article investigated regulatory documents for the creation of budget and tax systems in our country yesterday and today. Problems that in the future (tomorrow) will lead to the lack of tax revenues in local budgets due to the outflow of the able-bodied population and persons engaged in entrepreneurial activities from the territories of municipalities have been investigated. Copyright judgments on the need to reduce the level of centralization of budget and tax systems for the development of the economy of municipalities have been proposed.
The author's program "Russian language in professional activity" as condition for the formation of the professional orientation of college students
Authors: Antonova E.A.
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматривается вопрос о необходимости разработки и внедрения авторской образовательной программы «Русский язык в профессиональной деятельности» для студентов колледжа. Указаны цели и задачи программы, ожидаемый результат, подразумевающий формирование профессиональной направленности у обучающихся в процессе освоения программы дисциплины через освоение общих компетенций. Подробно описаны объѐм дисциплины и виды учебной работы, содержание разделов, лекционные и практические занятия, содержание самостоятельной работы студентов, содержание вариативной части.
Effect of formation water and hydrochloric acid on the physical and chemical properties of polymer materials of high pressure pipelines used for transportation of crude oil
Authors: Aiduganov D. , Balkaev D. , Varfolomeev M. , Emelianov D.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the stability of two types of polymer coatings to the effects of formation water and hydrochloric acid based on the analysis of mechanical properties, thermal stability and surface morphology. To accomplish the task, modern physical-chemical methods were used: differential scanning calorimetry, microscopy, an electromechanical universal testing machine, a dilatometer. Simulation of the effect of water at elevated temperatures and pressures on the polymer coating samples was carried out in an autoclave-reactor, the study of the effect of acid was carried out in a glass beaker. On the basis of the work carried out, results were obtained that show similarities and differences in the behavior of the polymer samples studied. The change of the dynamic modulus of elasticity and the coefficient of linear thermal expansion with increasing temperature is investigated. In general, it has been shown that PE-RT polymer has better characteristics than PE polymer. However, both of them are stable to the exposure of formation water and hydrochloric acid and can protect corrosion of high pressure pipes connections.
Family Stories about the Great Patriotic War: Specifics of Historical Sources
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Kabytov Petr S. , Kabytova Nadezhda N. ,   Samara National Research University, Barinova Ekaterina P. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: December 2020

The article considers the principles and methods of studying behavioral practices in the everyday life of people through their fates during the Great Patriotic War. The materials of oral history are analyzed, the subjectivity of which does not distort, but complements the information of legislative and clerical sources. Valuable information is contained in declassified and digitized documents of the Martyrologist of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. Based on the memories of war and labor veterans, data of electronic resources highlighting new facets of known events, forms and methods of overcoming dangers and threats in extreme conditions are shown, which made it possible to identify a specific mechanism for the formation of the human factor in the military defense potential of the country.
Application of pulsed and high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance techniques to study petroleum disperse systems
Authors: Gafurov Marat R. , Ponomarev Andrey A. , Mamin Georgiy V. , Rodionov Alexander A. , Murzakhanov Fadis F. , Arash Tajik , Orlinskii Sergey B.
Published: December 2020

The spectral and relaxation characteristics of “free” organic radicals (FR) and vanadyl-porphyrin (VP) complexes in various petroleum disperse systems (PDS) like bitumen, petroleum, their high-molecular components and solutions were studied using stationary (conventional) and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques in two frequency ranges (X- and W-bands, with the microwave radiation frequencies of about 9 GHz and 95 GHz, respectively). The features of the pulsed approaches (electron spin echo, modulation of the electron spin echo signal decay, electronic relaxation times) and high-frequency EPR for PDS investigations were examined. W-band EPR allows to resolve spectrally the lines from the different paramagnetic centers and more accurately determine their spectral characteristics. It is shown that the electron spin echo can be observed at room temperatures even at high magnetic fields of 3.4 T demonstrating the potential of application of pulsed EPR techniques for the low-cost oilfield measurements. Analysis of the VP transverse magnetization decay curve permits to identify electron-nuclear interactions with the 14N and 1H nuclei in situ while in the EPR spectra these hyperfine interactions usually cannot be detected. It is found from the W-band EPR measurements that FR lineshape cannot be fitted with isotropic parameters in contrast to the established X-band results. The observed effect of increasing the rates of electronic transverse relaxation in asphaltenes is described in the framework of a model of spectral diffusion between the fast- and slow-relaxing paramagnetic centers in supramolecular complexes of asphaltenes.
Influence of Inlet Charge Swirl on Fuel-Economic and Environmental Indicators of a Gas-Piston Engine
Authors: Patsey P.S. , Galyshev Yu.V. , Zaytsev A.B. , Shabanov A.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The paper introduces the results of studying the influence of intake ports shape on turbulization and charge swirl in the combustion chamber, combustion rate, ecological and indicator values of the engine. The study was carried out using mathematical simulation of physicochemical processes occurring in the combustion chamber of a piston engine during gas fuel combustion. The turbulent flow of the mixture, spark ignition and combustion of gas fuel are simulated. To simulate the turbulent flow, the RNG (k--ε)-model was used, to simulate the combustion of natural gas in the combustion chamber a model based on the specific surface area of the flame, the so-called G-equation model, was used. When simulating spark ignition, the model of discrete particles of the ignition kernel DPIK (Discrete Particle Ignition Kernel) was applied. As a result of simulation, we found that replacing one inlet channel with a tangential channel allows creating a vortex motion and increasing the turbulence of the mixture in the combustion chamber. An increase in the kinetic energy of the mixture before the spark is applied leads to a decrease in the combustion time. The use of swirling the charge on inlet by replacing one filling channel with a tangential one can significantly improve the environmental performance of the engine while maintaining fuel and economic indicators. The ANSYS Forte program was used to simulate the physicochemical processes in the combustion chamber
Estimating the Thermal State and Methodological Issues in Gas Dynamic Testing of Refractory Ceramic Samples
Authors: Tovstonog V.A. , Tomak V.I. , Burkov A.S.
Published: December 2020

Material selection for aerospace structural and power plant units subjected to thermal stresses is based on thorough investigation of their physical, mechanical and optical properties in a wide range of temperatures up to 2500--3000 K, which are in practice the highest possible. However, it is exceptionally difficult and expensive to obtain the whole extent of data on the properties of structural and refractive materials currently in development that is required to analytically estimate the thermal state and performance of the structures designed to be subjected to thermal stresses. Moreover, the theoretical thermal state models in use are most often based on a number of assumptions, which means that they will need to be validated against experimental investigation data. As a result, integral methods of estimating material performance under intended real-world thermal and force loads become highly important. Ground-based development testing using simulation installations will solve this problem. While testing, it is important to ensure that the simulated thermal modes of the object being tested match its real-world thermal modes. The paper considers these issues regarding estimating refractory ceramics performance subjected to a high-temperature gas flow
Psychological contract violation and turnover intention
Authors: Kurt Havana Sevcan
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research was to examine the role of loyalty where employees perceive the effect on their psychological contract breach of the bank’s intention to leave the call centre operating in Turkey. For this purpose, the literature was examined and a research questionnaire was prepared based on the psychological contract violation (PC), intention to quit and perception of loyalty. This survey was used to collect data of 634 banking call centres operating in Turkey using the sampling method. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25 and LISREL 8.7 statistical package programmes were applied in the analysis of the research data. Structural equation modelling was used to test the research hypothesis. In the relationship between (PC) and turnover intention, employee-perceived loyalty has a partial mediating role. This result is considered important for bank managers and human resources specialists who want to improve their success and the quality of the service they offer to their customers. In this study, only the perceptions of the employee were examined. It is also recommended to examine the perceptions of managers working in different sectors.
 
Keywords: Loyalty, psychological contract violation, turnover intention.
Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah Daerah di Kalimantan Timur Terhadap Fasilitas bagi Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Sagama Suwardi , Ahyar Muzayyin
Published: December 2020

The existence of facilities and infrastructure are important parts of achieving justice in the community. The issue of justice so far has talked a lot about issues of infrastructure for people with disabilities. This study aims to examine normatively how the responsibilities of the East Kalimantan regional government in providing facilities in public spaces for people with disabilities. This research basically begins with a normative legal study which examines a behavior from the perspective of the prevailing legal norms. The focus of this research is aimed at examining the existence of normative local government responsibilities. Furthermore, the researchers explored social facts related to the provision of facilities for people with disabilities in East Kalimantan, especially in Samarinda. This study found the responsibility of local governments regarding the provision of facilities for disabilities with the issuance of Peraturan Daerah Nomor.1 of 2018 concerning the Protection and Fulfillment of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The results of this study confirm that with the existence of Law Nomor 8 of 2016, local governments are the party responsible for fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities. In addition, this study also indicates the existence of supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the fulfillment of facilities for persons with disabilities.
Self-esteem people with HIV/AIDS: Review of reality counseling approach
Authors: Fiana Anis Lud
Published: December 2020

Purpose -  The purpose of this study was to determine the self-esteem of people with HIV/AIDS in terms of the reality counseling approach.

Method - The method used in this paper is a literature study.

Result - The results of this study indicated that the reality counseling approach with the wants, needs, and perceptions, direction and doing, self-evaluation, and planning (WDEP) technique could help their circumstances and situations assess more realistically, help reduce the burden on thoughts, help find meaning in their lives, help have a life expectancy, and maintain or increase the self-esteem of people with HIV/AIDS.

Implications - The results of this study expected to provide benefits in scientific guidance and counseling considering that in terms of applicability, the reality approach can be used for various problems in counseling practice.

Originality - In this paper, a reality counseling approach can be one way as a form of mental support. People with HIV/AIDS needs the help of others in going through its downtime in achieving the self-esteem that ultimately reaches the meaning of his life.
Mental health with COVID-19: Health crisis intervention
Authors: Maullasari Sri , Fiana Anis Lud
Published: December 2020

Purpose - The research objective is to describe and explain health crisis interventions in mental health with COVID-19.

Method - This peper use a literature study of various literature on mental health with COVID-19: health crisis interventions.

Result - This study indicates that crisis intervention assists those afflicted by a crisis that requires quick handling to be resolved immediately, and the psychological balance is immediately restored during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Implications - This research is expected to be the basis for determining intervention models in mental health disorders.

Originality - A concept of health crisis intervention assistance.
Classification, Uses and Environmental Implications of Disinfectants
Authors: Yemiş Fadim
Published: December 2020

Disinfectants are not only cleaning reagents such as soap or detergents but are hygienic materials prepared with the composition of various chemicals. Many classification routes are possible, but they are placed in two main groups, such as organic and inorganic disinfectants. The classification prevails for high level disinfectants and depends on chemical structure. In high-level disinfectants aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide, and chloride type chemicals are used. In contrast, alcohols, phenols, ammonium salts, and iodine solutions are recommended for low disinfectant applications. Soap, iodide, and alcohol solutions are the best antiseptic agents for hand and skin. Iodine-based solutions are good primary tissue and skin disinfectants. The alcohol solutions have a good inhibitory effect on many microorganisms, micro bacteria, fungi, and various viruses. These solution types are not hazardous to use as both antiseptic and surface disinfectants compared to many other chemicals.
Monitoring of Zinc Profile of Forages Irrigated with City Effluent
Authors: Khan Zafar Iqbal
Published: December 2020

Wastewater contains a surplus amount of trace metals that contaminate the soil and crops. A pot trial was performed to determine the impact of wastewater on the zinc accumulation in forages and their associated health risk. Forages both of summer (Zea mays, Echinochloa colona, Pennisetum typhoideum, Sorghum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor, Sesbania rostrata, and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and winter (Trifolium alexandrinum, Medicago sativa, Brassica campestris, Trifolium resupinatum, Brassica juncea, and Brassica napus) were grown with sewage water and tap water treatment. The experiment was laid down in a completely randomized design with five replicates. The concentration of zinc in water, root and forage samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In tap water, the zinc value was 0.498 mg/L and in wastewater 0.509 mg/L, respectively. The maximum level of zinc in the forages leaves was 3.582 mg/kg found in Brassica napus grown in the winter season. The maximum observed value for zinc bioconcentration factor in Brassica juncea was (2.88) grown in winter. The values of pollution load index for zinc were found less than 1. The values of daily intake of metal and health risk index for zinc in all forages were less than 1 indicated that consumption of these forages was free of risk.
Development of Numerical Eulerian-Eulerian Model for Computational Analysis of Potential in Chemical Process Intensification from Trickle Bed Reactors
Authors: Suri Saadat Ullah Khan
Published: December 2020

The computational fluid dynamics techniques keep a paramount role by evaluating a reactor performance. The transitory performance of a Trickle bed reactor is readily monitored from its three phase’s flow conditions. This research review study corresponds towards the formation of boundaries in this Trickle bed reactors system to designate its comprehensive methodology with an optimized solution. The main paramount significance of computational fluid dynamics techniques is to observe the validity and an effective significance of the experimental result. The catalyst bed is modelled with the help of dynamic and steady state models by introducing mass and energy conservation equations. The Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase modelling technique is designed for hydro-desulfurization (HDS) and hydro-dearomatization (HDA) chemical process change from interactive momentum models. The effect in bed porosity on the HDS reaction process is observed from interactive mass transfer with solid bed condition in Trickle bed reactor. The congregated results from computational fluid dynamics codes show that wetting efficiency increases with increase in both hydrogen sulphide concentration and HDS conversion. The conversion of HDS reaction decreases with increase in hydrogen disulphide (H2S) concentration at both partially wetted and wetted bed conditions. On the other hand, there is small decrease in HDS conversion from 72% to 63.75% at H2S volumetric concentration of 0 to 8%. These observations also indicate that computational fluid dynamics provides random accessibility of liquid flow in Trickle bed reactor. There results also reveal that there is periodic variation in saturated liquid phase. The regions which are close to its wall are less irrigated. These characteristics can be changed and have effect on the reactor performance. Hence, the present review study presents the unprecedented results with high accuracy.
Factors Impacting Workers’ Decision to Accommodation Types in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Hoang-Thi Phuong-Thao , Kung Shiann-Far , Chang Hsueh-Sheng
Published: December 2020

In any industrial planning project in Vietnam, housing for workers is always a top concern. However, these planned accommodations have not met workers' needs; Instead, they usually opted for housing out of planning. By carrying out a field survey, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple regression methods, this research will discover new factors and examine the relationships among variables to determine the elements that influence the workers' choice in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). It may lead to the planning re-evaluation and adjustments to meet the demands of workers.
Keywords: Workers' decision; Accommodation types; Exploratory factor analysis (EFA); Multiple regression analysis.
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2460.
Factors Affecting Type One Diabetes Self-Management According to Youth and Parents (Preprint)
Authors: Panoch Janet , Yazel Lisa , Moore Courtney , Wiehe Sarah , Hannon Tamara
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes differ from their parents and physicians about what they need from healthcare. Therefore, it is important to implement patient-centered diabetes care for adolescents.

OBJECTIVE

This study used human-centered design to reveal diabetes self-management challenges faced by youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents. This was a pre-study design phase of a larger study to develop a patient-centered automated decision support tool for diabetes clinic.

METHODS

Data were collected from youth and parents in two settings 1) a diabetes summer camp to capture challenges faced by youth and parents, 2) youth and parents participating in human-centered design sessions to further explore challenges.

RESULTS

Fifty-six people completed the camp worksheet, identifying 15 unique themes. The sessions further verified three problematic themes each for youth and parents. Youth generated 23 questions and parents identified 33 questions for potential use for the decision support tool development.

CONCLUSIONS

Including patient and parent self-management needs is vital. Providers should understand the psychosocial factors associated with barriers to self-management. The incorporation of patient and parent questions, ideas, and subsequent patient-provider communication in the support tool may improve trust in the provider and youth self-efficacy as they navigate the transition to independent adult care.

CLINICALTRIAL

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03084900
Перехват трафика в оптических сетях: метод оптического туннелирования
Authors: Гришаев В.В.
Published: December 2020

В статье проанализирован перехват информации на основе оптического туннелирования информационного сигнала из волоконно-­оптического канала оптической системы связи в канал утечки. Анализ выполнен методом численного моделирования. Он показывает высокий уровень угроз информационной безопасности критической информационной инфраструктуры. Перехват может быть реализован скрытно в полевых условиях с вероятностью появления ошибочного бита, не бóльшим, чем в линии связи, даже при сохранении структуры оптического волокна и с минимальными разрушениями защитных оболочек кабеля.
Dei ex machina: The Interaction Order of Gamified Distance Learning
Authors:   MSSES, Erofeeva M.A. ,   RANEPA, Moscow, Russia, Klowait N. ,   MSSES; RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the implementation of an online educational module and its impact on the organization of the classroom’s interaction order. The latter is institutionally constrained by the presence of a goal and the distribution of roles between teacher and students. The introduction of a digital learning platform adds a technological context to the institutional setting. The article considers technologies as possessing communicative affordances — opportunities for action made possible or delimited through their use. Technologies bring new interactive resources to the process of ed­ucation and can affect the organization of the classroom’s interaction order. Using multimodal conversation analysis, we analyzed video recordings of the telemediated interaction of Russia-based students and teachers within a gamified online educational module. We investigate a case in which a student’s correct answer is nevertheless corrected by the teacher. We dem­onstrate that the teacher initiates the correction because they are guided by the ordering of the game elements within the interface. Based on a detailed analysis of the teacher’s mouse movement in relation to ongoing turns-at-talk, we show that this orientation is sustained by all participants. The work contributes to classroom interaction studies and affordance theory and develops the methodology of multimodal transcription for mediated contexts. The primary result of the study is an empirical demonstration that the relevance of technological affordances for interactants is situation­ally produced, and that this process is associated with the interweaving of the institutional and technical context of interaction. The conclusion discusses the relationship between affordances and institutional norms.