bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Embracing dimensions of eco-translatology in translation classroom
Authors: Yasyfa Yalqa Mazidah  , Ati Sumiati
Published: August 2024

Eco-translatology is a reasonably new translation approach proposed by Hu in 2020. Not only implemented in translation analysis, but some studies have also suggested the optimistic claims of using eco-translatology as an approach for classroom teaching. Eco-translatology is known for its three dimensions: linguistics, cultural and communicative. Newmark (1988) mentioned that the more specific a language becomes for natural phenomena, the more embedded in cultural features it becomes. These cultural words words are easy to detect since they are primarily associated with a particular language that cannot be translated. This study explores eco-translatology implementation by 50 English literature students in the fourth semester of Universitas Negeri Jakarta by employing a descriptive qualitative approach to explore how students apply the approach in translating general text. The writer conducted a field study that inspects the linguistic, cultural, and communicative aspects of the three dimensions of eco-translatology by Hu (2020). The writer found that among the three dimensions of eco-translatology, the linguistic dimension received the highest number, while communicative dimension the lowest. Cultural dimension may be well perceived by the students, yet they found difficulty when finding equivalence of those cultural terms. This calls for a more thorough explanation by translation teachers to guide their students in understanding this new concept of eco-translatology.

Keywords: Eco-Translatology, translation competence, translation analysis, general text
Big crunch singularity: Quantization of alterity and transcendence in the light of quantum entanglement or non-locality in Maurice Blanchot's Thomas the Obscure, and When the Time Comes
Authors: Ghannaee Arani Mohammad , Parvaneh Farid , Chavoshian Shohreh , Bahmanpour Bahareh
Published: August 2024

This article is to quantize Emmanuel Levinas' manifestations of alterity and transcendence in the light of the big crunch singularity theorization, applied to the fictionality of Maurice Blanchot at a juxtaposition with the idea of the quantum entanglement or non-locality. By building its methodological foundations on the overlapping concepts of origin, image, absence, and the Other in the astrophysical and literary realms, this analytical study is to discuss how irreducible alterity of the spacetime dimensions is sustained in Blanchotian temporality of writing so as to enunciate a moment of fascination in relation with the Other and its mystery. This is where Levinas's formulation for the corrolation of time with the Other converges and anastomoses astrophysical phenomenon of quantum entanglement. How Blanchot's temporalization of writing subsists on a narrative temporality of everyday on the one hand and how it is simultaneously entangled with a diachronous extraordinary exteriority delineates where fascination reigns for Blanchot at a big crunch singularity of ethics. What Blanchot is to bring to the fore is to quantize in the space of literature such that our everyday experience of life and spacetime is definitely entangled with another unexperienced and singular spacetime whose effects on us and vice versa are not deniable.

Keywords: big crunch singularity, Maurice Blanchot, quantum entanglement, space of literature, the Other, transcendence
Language maintenance in Sumbawa: Domains in the virtual accessibility of Istana Dalam Loka
Authors: Nurina Azyyati  , Sri Wahyuni Novi , Rahayu Ratih
Published: August 2024

This study examines the dynamics of language maintenance at Istana Dalam Loka, focusing on the role of various domains in both physical and virtual access to the site. Utilizing data from Google Search and Google Trends, the research analyzes the prevalence of different domains—tourism, historical and cultural, religious, entertainment, and educational—within the virtual landscape, and compares them to their physical reality. The findings indicate that tourism is the most dominant domain, both in physical and virtual contexts, followed by historical and cultural activities. However, despite the stream of external influences through tourism, the study reveals a strong resistance to language and cultural differences, as the local Sumbawa culture remains deeply rooted in activities conducted at Istana Dalam Loka. This cultural resistance suggests that Sumbawa language and cultures are being maintained through a process similar to a sociolinguistic diversity of 'melting pot,' where diverse languages and cultures are integrated to the Sumbawa language and culture. The study concludes that while virtual access offers an alternative platform for language contact and multicultural engagement, it is primarily locals who both produce and consume content related to Istana Dalam Loka in virtual access. It also ensures the continued dominance of Sumbawa language and culture.

Keywords: domain, Istana Dalam Loka, language maintenance, Sumbawa language and culture, virtual access
Machine translations for translating metaphor
Authors: Artanti Farahita Mufidah , Rahayu Purbasari
Published: August 2024

This study identifies and compares the translation procedures used by Google Translate, U- Dictionary, and Kamus Inggris (Kamusku) in translating metaphors found in Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories, namely Hop Frog, A Descent into The Maelstrom and The Fall of the House of Usher. The most common procedure used by all three translation tools is reproducing the same essence in the target language. Google Translate is the most varied in its approach, while Kamus Inggris frequently deletes metaphors. The study highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each tool in handling metaphor translation. Out of 40 metaphors, Google translate used the procedure for 21 times, U-Dictionary used it for 19 times, and Kamus Inggris (Kamusku) used it for 20 times. Lastly, translating metaphor as simile along with its sense is not used by the three machine translations.
Keywords: Translation Procedure, Metaphor, Newmark, Edgar Allan Poe
Vocational High School Teachers’ Perception of Project-based Learning Method in English Language Teaching: A Case Study
Authors: Tanila Melvira , Sulastini Sri , Agustina Imas Wahyu
Published: August 2024

As Vocational High School (VHS) students are prepared to work in  certain fields, project-based learning (PjBL)becomes one of the teaching and learning methods that teachers can use to meet the expectations in the work field. Even though the effectiveness of PjBL implementation is related to how the teacher perceives the method, less attention is given to studies that focus on teachers' perception of the principles of PjBL. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the English teachers' perception of the PjBL method in terms of the objectives, principles, and teachers' roles. The descriptive case study was employed as the research design to answer the formulated research questions. Semi-structured interviews with English teachers at SMKN 26 Jakarta were conducted to collect the data. The findings show that all teachers have a good perception of the objectives of the PjBL method. Most teachers fully understand their role in the PjBL method. However, there was some misunderstanding in teachers' perception of the principle of challenging problem/question and public product. 75% of the teachers did not see sustained inquiry and reflection as the principle of the PjBL method. Therefore, teacher professional development training related to the principles of the PjBL method needs more attention.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 10 по 16 августа 2024 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана
Published: August 2024

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 Omicron вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 10 по 16 августа 2024 г.
Sur la variabilité du rythme phonétique en français ontarien minoritaire
Authors: Kaminskaïa Svetlana
Published: August 2024

Le français ontarien minoritaire montre régulièrement une réduction de la variation sociolinguistique. Ici, nous examinons la variation du rythme phonétique dans deux styles, chez deux sexes et des locuteurs d’âges différents, avec la longueur des énoncés et le débit d’articulation pris en compte. L’objectif est d’observer l’étendue de la variabilité rythmique en fonction de l’ensemble des facteurs sociaux et linguistiques, ce qui constitue l’originalité de cette étude. En utilisant les mesures rythmiques VarcoV et nPVI-V, nous avons trouvé que le rythme plus régulier est propre aux participants plus âgés et au style plus formel. Le rythme plus régulier est aussi associé aux énoncés plus courts et à un débit plus rapide. De tous les facteurs examinés, celui du sexe n’a pas été confirmé. Nos résultats montrent, d’un côté, que le français ontarien minoritaire suit les tendances communes propres à d’autres langues et variétés du français. De l’autre côté, on y observe des traits particuliers qui fournissent de nouveaux détails à son portrait phonétique et suggèrent des pistes de futures analyses impliquant la langue dominante.
Intrauterine Adhesions Repair with Menstrual Blood-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells via CXCL13-CXCR5 Signal Axis and its Mechanism
Authors: Luo Bing , Zeng Xun , luo li
Published: August 2024

Backgroud:
Intrauterine Adhesions (IUA) is a common gynecological disease which is seriously endangers the reproductive function of women without any ideal treatment. Some researchers found Menstrual Blood-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MenSCs) can repair of damaged endometrium, however, has not been fully clarified. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MenSCs in IUA and the repair mechanism in vivo.
Methods
This study is Laboratory-based study. To evaluate the therapeutic effects of MenSCs in IUA, We cultivated MenSCs, established mouse endometrial injury model, observed the uterine morphology and degree of endometrial fibrosis and compared the expression of CXC chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13)、CXC chemokine receptor-5 (CXCR5)、Plasmin Activating Inhibitor-1(Pai-1), Transforming Growth Faction-β1(TGF- β1) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (Mmp-9) among each groups. GraphPad Prism 8.0 was used for statistical processing. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. Statistical comparisons among groups were performed with one-way ANOVA. P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
We successfully cultured and identified MenSCs and established mice model of uterine adhesion. After treatment with MenSCs, endometrial morphology of mice was partially restored, endometrial thickness was increased, and glands were multipiled. The concentrations of CXCL13 and CXCR5 were significantly increased by immunofluorescence detection compared with the control group. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of Pai-1 and Mmp-9 were significantly lower than those of the control group.
Conclusions
MenSCs may reduce endometrial fibrosis and the down-regulating expression of Pai-1、Mmp-9 and CXCL13-CXCR5 axis were involved in the process of MenSCs repaired IUA.
Electroacupuncture Suppresses Premature Ventricular Complexes Occurring Post-myocardial Infarction through corticothalamic circuit
Authors: CAI ronglin , ZHANG Fan , WANG Qian-yi , Zhu Xia , WU Li-bin , SHU Qi , CHANG Hui-min , WU Yan , SHAO Wen-jing , WEI Xia , ZHOU Xiang , ZHOU Jie , LUO Zheng-jie , YANG Liu , DUAN Wen-xiu , ZHANG Bin , HU Ling , YU Qing , Zhang Zhi
Published: August 2024

Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to suppress premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) following myocardial infarction (MI) in humans. However, the specific neural circuitry and causal mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Here, we reveal a previously unrecognized connection from the primary motor cortex (M1) to the nucleus rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) circuitry via the layer 5 of the primary motor cortex (M1L5)-zona incerta (ZI) pathway, which selectively suppresses PVCs in post-MI mice. Utilizing viral tracing, fiber photometry recordings, and optogenetic stimulation, we demonstrate that EA inhibits glutamatergic projections from M1L5 to ZI, leading to the activation of local GABAergic neurons and subsequent inhibition of RVLM (M1L5-ZI-RVLM). Furthermore, optogenetic or chemogenetic inhibition of the M1L5-ZI-RVLM circuit replicates the anti-PVC effects observed with EA in MI mice. Artificial activation of M1L5-projecting ZI neurons reverses the suppressive effects of EA on PVCs in MI mice. Overall, our findings highlight the M1L5-ZI-RVLM circuit as a crucial mediator of EA-induced suppression of PVCs following myocardial infarction. Additionally, this newly identified corticothalamic circuit may represent a promising target for mitigating PVCs post-myocardial infarction.
Adsorption of CaAl-LDH for Cd2+ and its passivation on Cd-contaminated farmland around electroplating and metal processing industry cluster area
Authors: LU Xin-zhe , BAO Jia-yu , CAO Lan-yu , HUANG Chun-lei , ZHANG Jian-yu , ZHANG Xu-chuan , SUN Rui , LIU Yan-liang , ZHONG Nan-chong , LIU Jiacheng , WEI Ying-chun , WANG Xiao-zhi
Published: August 2024

The enrichment of heavy metal Cd in farmland soil results in significant harm to agricultural products, yet its removal poses considerable challenges. CaAl-layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH), a category of layered bimetallic composite hydroxides, is characterized by high efficiency, cleanliness, and stability in soil remediation. In this study, a CaAl-LDH adsorption experiment was conducted, and Cd-contaminated farmland surrounding a typical hardware processing enterprise was selected for a field trial using CaAl-LDH to passivate Cd in the soil. Alterations in Cd forms in soil and Cd content in rice were continuously monitored over three consecutive years to investigate the passivation effect of CaAl-LDH on Cd-contaminated farmland. The results indicated that the absorption of Cd2+ by CaAl-LDH adhered to a pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir model. At a pH of 6, CaAl-LDH's maximum adsorption capacity for Cd2+ reached 469.48 mg kg–1. Compared to fields treated with CaAl-LDH, a greater proportion of ion-exchange state Cd in rhizosphere soil transitioned to residual state and Fe-Mn bound state Cd, significantly reducing Cd content in rice grains. Continuous in-situ monitoring revealed that Cd content in rice grains treated with CaAl-LDH decreased by over 37% in the second year.
Effects of Personalized Meals on Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Patients Who Experience Chemotherapy-Induced Taste Alterations
Authors: Geurden Bart , Wijngaert Lobke Van den , Boeren Peter , Goossens Edwig , Adriaenssens Jef , Vandecandelaere Pieter
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess whether the application of selective taste steering (STS) to personalize bread and soup recipes had any effect on (1) quality of life, (2) the palatability of these meals, and (3) food intake in patients with chemotherapy-induced taste alterations (CiTA).
Methods: This multicentre controlled before-and-after study included two groups of adult cancer outpatients who all experienced CiTA. Both groups received dietary advice as standard care. In one group, STS was applied to bread and soups at home for three months. Both groups were compared using validated scales and a structured questionnaire, at the start of the study and after 1 and 3 months of follow-up.
Results: A total of 19.3% of all patients (N=160) had a normal nutritional status (MNA-SF score >11). Compared to that in the intervention group, the number of patients with undernutrition (MNA-SF score <8) in the control group increased after 1 month (p <0.001) and 3 months (p <0.001) of follow-up. Compared to those in the control group, the 'fatigue', 'nausea/vomiting' and ‘diarrhoea’ symptom scores in the intervantion group decreased significantly (p <0.001, <0.001 and 0.002, respectively). In the intervention group, the score for 'appetite loss' decreased after 1 month (p <0.001) and remained low after 3 months of follow-up (p <0.001).
Conclusion: STS translates into a significant decrease in the loss of appetite and an increase in palatability and intake of personalized bread and soups. These findings are clinically relevant and support this innovative approach to malnutrition in cancer patients.
Climate-driven succession in marine microbiome biodiversity and biogeochemical function
Authors: Larkin Alyse A. , Brock Melissa L. , Fagan Adam J. , Moreno Allison R. , Gerace Skylar D. , Lees Lauren E. , Suarez Stacy A. , Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A. , Martiny Adam
Published: August 2024

Seasonal and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warming result in similar ocean changes as predicted with climate change. Climate-driven environmental cycles have strong impacts on microbiome diversity, but impacts on microbiome function are poorly understood. We quantified changes in microbial genomic diversity and functioning over 11 years covering seasonal and ENSO cycles at a coastal site in the southern California Current. We observed seasonal oscillations between large genome lineages during cold, nutrient rich conditions in winter and spring versus small genome lineages, including Prochlorococcus and Pelagibacter, in summer and fall. Parallel interannual changes separated communities depending on ENSO condition. Biodiversity shifts translated into clear oscillations in microbiome functional potential. Ocean warming induced an ecosystem with less iron but more macronutrient stress genes, depressed organic carbon degradation potential and biomass, and elevated carbon-to-nutrient biomass ratios. The consistent microbial response observed across time-scales points towards large climate-driven changes in marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles.
Numerical simulation of the time-domain evolution characteristics of seismic waves for advanced detection of adverse geology in tunnels
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Jing , Ba Xingzhi , Li Xingyuan , Li Li-ping , Ni Jian
Published: August 2024

Identification of adverse geological bodies in front of the tunnel excavation face is essential to take precautionary measures for safer tunnel construction. Nowadays, the interpretation of seismic data in tunnels relies more on experience, which is caused by the lack of understanding of the propagation mechanism of seismic waves in tunnels. Therefore, based on the finite element method of seismic wave in two-phase medium, we investigate the time-domain evolution characteristics of seismic wave in tunnel space with two typical adverse geologic bodies, namely, water-bearing fracture zones and lithological interfaces. The results show that under the combined influence of solid-solid and solid-fluid phase reflections, the propagation complexity of the seismic wave is significantly increased, and the obvious diffraction phenomenon caused by tunnel face plays a promoting role. The amplitude attenuation of the waves obtained from the self-defined factor is exponentially related to the propagation time, which is influenced by the energy difference of the wave itself and the degree of wave crosstalk in the propagation process. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the technological development and field application of tunnel geological detection.
Identification of Phase Angle and Triglyceride-Glucose Index as Biomarkers for Prediction and Management of Diabetic Foot Disease
Authors: CLIMENT ESTHER SOLER , Rico Loreto Lledó , Poblet Marta García , Sopedra Isabel , Junquera-Godoy Isabel , Martinez-De-Juan Jose Luis , Gomis-Tena Julio , Saiz Javier , Prats-Boluda Gema , Pérez Remedio Santoyo
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Approximately 25% of diabetic patients develop diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which significantly increase morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Effective control and prevention are crucial to mitigate these impacts.
Objective
This study aims to identify easily measurable parameters for predicting DFU risk in routine consultations by assessing the correlation between Phase Angle (PA) and the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index with DFU risk, based on their known association with diabetes.
Materials and Methods
A comparative observational case-control study was conducted at the General Hospital of Elche from March to June 2023, with 70 participants: 33 with diabetes and 37 without. Inclusion criteria for the case group were a diabetes diagnosis for over five years and a diabetic foot risk grade of 0, 1, or 2 according to the 2019 IWGDF stratification system. Exclusion criteria included inability to walk, prior use of plantar orthoses, and severe complications like edema or wounds. Predictive variables included PA, TyG index, body composition, and biochemical markers. Pearson or Spearman tests were used for correlations, Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test for group comparisons, and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests for normally and non-normally distributed variables, respectively.
Results
PA and TyG index were strongly linked to diabetic foot risk, supporting their potential as biomarkers. We confirmed the correlation between PA, TyG index, and diabetic foot risk, along with their significant relationships with other relevant biomarkers, enhancing our understanding of the condition.
Conclusion
PA and TyG index are valuable, easily measurable biomarkers for diabetic foot risk assessment. Their use in clinical practice could improve the management of diabetic complications, especially in resource-limited settings.
Investigating the early diagnostic value of popliteal artery wall shear stress in lower extremity arterial disease in type 2 diabetes patients using color doppler ultrasound combined with WSS quantitative analysis
Authors: Zhao Yuxin , Wang He , Gu Junyi , Sun YuQing , Zhang Bo
Published: August 2024

Background The global rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has led to an epidemic of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD), primarily caused by atherosclerosis and compounded by late detection and high treatment costs. Early detection is key for managing LEAD effectively. Color doppler ultrasound (DUS), a non-invasive and cost-effective technique, enhances early diagnosis through high-resolution imaging. Integrating DUS with proprietary MATLAB-based software for quantitative wall shear stress (WSS) analysis offers a non-invasive method to assess WSS. This approach targets the popliteal artery, using WSS as a reliable marker for early LEAD detection in T2DM patients.Methods This study included 202 patients clinically diagnosed with T2DM from March 2019 to November 2023 at Shanghai East Hospital, along with 69 healthy volunteers recruited during the same period. The T2DM group was further divided into three subgroups based on the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the popliteal artery: T2DM IMT normal group (IMT < 0.9 mm), T2DM IMT thickening group (1.0 ≤ IMT < 1.2 mm), and T2DM plaque formation group (IMT ≥ 1.2 mm). Using WSS quantitative analysis software, we calculated the average WSS of the popliteal artery and created two-dimensional WSS distribution maps, three-dimensional WSS spatial distribution maps, and WSS fusion images. Subsequently, we analyzed the WSS and its variation patterns among the control group, the T2DM group, and its various subgroups.Results In a study comparing T2DM patients to controls, T2DM groups showed significantly altered blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood viscosity, along with reduced WSS values, indicating advanced arterial damage. Specifically, WSS was lower in T2DM groups with normal and thickening IMT and those with plaque formation compared to controls. The optimal WSS cutoff for predicting LEAD was 1.82 dyne/cm², with a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 83%. WSS negatively correlated with factors like age and disease duration, and positively with peak systolic velocity (PSV).Conclusions Non-invasive WSS measurement using DUS provides a valuable diagnostic tool for early LEAD detection in T2DM patients. Reduced WSS in the popliteal artery is a predictive marker of disease onset, offering potential for earlier intervention and better management of LEAD, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
National energy consumption structures modulate PAH source apportionment in Ethiopian soils
Authors: Shan Xinyue , Yuan Wang , Song Shuai , Wu Qiang , Li Fadong , Chen Gang , Yang Shengjie , Su Chao , Hirwa Hubert
Published: August 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a ubiquitous substance in the environment, are closely associated with human energy consumption, which can be released to the environment from incomplete biomass combustion or emitted from petroleum. There is currently a knowledge gap on the relationships between energy consumption structures (ECSs) and PAH contamination, especially in African countries. This study investigated the distribution, sources, and risks of 16 prioritized PAH compounds (Σ16PAHs) in Ethiopia, and explored the impact of ECSs on PAH contamination. The concentrations of Σ16PAHs ranged from 12.51 to 435.67 ng/g, descending across an urban-rural gradient. Based on diagnostic ratios and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, biomass combustion and vehicle emissions were the most important sources. By comparing the ECSs and PAH concentrations in African countries, it was found that differences in ECSs shaped the diverse patterns of sources and concentrations of PAHs in Africa. The results of incremental lifetime cancer risk assessment suggested PAHs posed a low risk to children, adolescents, and adults at some sampling sites. The Ethiopian government has been making continuous efforts to develop cleaner energy and optimize ECSs to decrease soil PAH concentrations and reduce potential risks. This study will provide support for Ethiopia to improve energy structure management.
INF2-mediated actin polymerization at ER-organelle contacts regulates organelle size
and movement
Authors: Manor Uri , Schiavon Cara , Wang Yuning , Feng Jasmine , Garrett Stephanie , Sung Tsung-Chang , Dayn Yelena , Shadel Gerald , Quintero-Carmona Omar , Wang Chunxin , Youle Richard J.
Published: August 2024

Proper regulation of organelle dynamics and inter-organelle contacts is critical for cellular health and function.
Both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and actin cytoskeleton are known to regulate organelle dynamics, but
how, when, and where these two subcellular components are coordinated to control organelle dynamics
remains unclear. Here, we show that ER-associated actin consistently marks mitochondrial, endosomal, and
lysosomal fission sites. We also show that actin polymerization by the ER-anchored isoform of the formin
protein INF2 is a key regulator of the morphology and mobility of these organelles. Together, our findings
establish a mechanism by which INF2-mediated polymerization of ER-associated actin at ER-organelle
contacts regulates organelle dynamics.
Refeeding syndrome after bariatric surgery: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Triantafyllidis Konstantinos Katsikas , Giannos Panagiotis , Geropoulos Georgios , Stathi Dimitra , Kechagias Konstantinos , McCabe Gerard , Lucocq James , Robertson Andrew G
Published: August 2024

Background
Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is defined as a set of metabolic and electrolyte abnormalities after nutrition initiation following prolonged starvation. Bariatric surgery and the associated rapid weight loss have been proposed as potential triggering factors for RFS.
Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the currently available literature and provide an overview of the reported cases of RFS in patients who underwent bariatric surgery.
Method
We performed a systematic screen of Embase, Medline and Scopus until June 2024. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.
Results
We identified a total of 9 patients with RFS who had a history of bariatric surgery with mean age of 37.25 years. Five participants (55.5%) were females and 2 were males (22.2%). Adjustable gastric band was the main bariatric procedure performed in almost half of the patients (44.4%, 4/9) followed by gastric bypass (22.2%, 2/9). Post-operatively all patients experienced weight loss that ranged from 29.7–78.1% of the pre-operative weight. Most common symptoms included vomiting (44.4%, 4/9) and abdominal pain (22.2%, 2/9). Most of the patients (66.6%, 6/9) received vitamin supplementation, followed by electrolyte replacement (55.5%, 5/9). Most of patients (88.8%, 8/9) improved and one patient died (11%, 1/9).
Conclusion
Refeeding syndrome is a rarely reported complication after bariatric surgery, but as the frequency of bariatric surgery increases, RFS is expected to become more common. Clinical awareness among bariatric specialists is important for the identification of high-risk individuals as well as for the early diagnosis and successful management of patients with RFS.
Reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental context of Holocene human behavior at the Fenghuangzui site in the Nanyang Basin, Middle Yangtze River, China
Authors: Guo Aipeng , Mao Longjiang , Li Chenchen , Mo Duowen
Published: August 2024

Prehistoric city sites, as pivotal aspects of early urban evolution, are intricately linked to regional environmental factors such as climate, geomorphology, and hydrology. However, due to the lack of reliable chronologies associated with these ancient sites, there is limited understanding of environmental factors in relation to prehistoric urban centers. This study focuses on the sedimentary records from the southern moat of the Fenghuangzui (FHZ) ancient city site, a representative site in the middle Yangtze River region, integrating a chronological framework and climate proxies such as elemental geochemistry. It reconstructs the evolution of the regional sedimentary environment and the hydrogeomorphology during the mid-late Holocene at the FHZ site, elucidating its interplay with human activities. Key findings include: (1) From 5.5 ~ 4.5 ka BP, elevated CIA, Rb/Sr, and Mn/Ti values indicate a warm and humid climate. The Qujialing culture unified the middle Yangtze River and expanded abroad, building prehistoric cities such as Shijiahe city. The FHZ city was built in the Nanyang Basin at this time to prevent the invasion of northern culture. (2) During 4.5 ~ 3.9 ka BP, decreased CIA and Rb/Sr values alongside rising Saf and Be values signify reduced weathering and a transition to cooler, drier conditions. A flood event of 4 ~ 3.9 ka BP caused the moat of the FHZ city to lose its defensive function. (3) During 3.9 ~ 2.7 ka BP, declining CIA and Rb/Sr values with slight increases in Saf and Be suggest ongoing dry and cool environmental conditions. The FHZ city was abandoned at the end of the Meishan culture. (4) Between 2.7 ~ 1.6 ka BP, rising CIA and Rb/Sr values indicate a return to warmer and more humid conditions. The FHZ site was built to expand the influence of Qujialing culture and protect the Shijiahe city. Taking into account the location of the water system and farming area, the south-facing direction was chosen. After a flood in 4.0 ~ 3.9 ka BP, the FHZ site lost their defense function and were invaded by Meishan culture. In general, our findings suggest that changes in regional hydrology in the context of climate change can trigger upheaval and even collapse of prehistoric societies.
Sociodemographic Inequities and Risk Factors for Radiation Exposure and Suboptimal Imaging in Suspected Pediatric Appendicitis
Authors: George Michael , Melvin Patrice , Grice Amanda , Ward Valerie
Published: August 2024

Background
Inequity in health care access leads to inequities in outcome. In recent years, health outcome disparities have been documented in children with appendicitis, but inequities in accessing optimal diagnostic imaging have not been adequately assessed, particularly with respect to imaging-related ionizing radiation exposure.
Objective
The purpose of our study is to assess sociodemographic and racial/ethnic inequities in accessing optimal diagnostic imaging for children with suspected appendicitis. Our hypothesis is that sociodemographic inequities exist in accessing optimal imaging modalities and in ionizing radiation exposure.
Material and Methods
Our nation-wide retrospective cohort study examined emergency room encounters for suspected appendicitis between January 2018 and September 2023. Primary exposures included neighborhood-level sociodemographic metrics as measured by Child Opportunity Index (COI), race/ethnicity, and insurance status. Outcomes included access to diagnostic imaging, suboptimal imaging, imaging with ionizing radiation, and imaging without radiation exposure. Mixed effects multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed factors associated with suboptimal imaging. A mixed effects multivariable ordered logistic regression analysis was performed using a three-tiered hierarchal imaging variable (no imaging, imaging with ionizing radiation, imaging without radiation).
Results
105,392 patient encounters were examined (mean patient age 11.2 years +/- 3.9; 62,001 females). 85.2% were imaged. Children from lower COI neighborhoods were less frequently imaged (83.8%), and more often imaged suboptimally (aOR 1.10 [95% CI 0.95–1.14]) or with ionizing radiation (aOR 1.07 [95%CI 1.03–1.31]). Black children were less frequently imaged (80.5%) and more often imaged suboptimally (aOR 1.35 [95% CI 1.28–1.42]) or with ionizing radiation (aOR 1.16 [95% CI 1.12–1.21]). Children with public insurance were less frequently imaged (83.8%) and more often imaged suboptimally (aOR 1.25 [95% CI 1.20–1.30]) or with ionizing radiation (aOR 1.16 [95% CI 1.12–1.19]).
Conclusion
Children from lower COI neighborhoods, Black children, and children with public insurance are less often imaged in the setting of suspected appendicitis; and when they were imaged, it was more likely to be suboptimal or utilize ionizing radiation.
Immunoinformatics-Driven Design of Malaria Protein-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine
Authors: Afolayan Funmilayo Ibitayo Deborah , Olaniyi Damilare Adebayo
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPlasmodium falciparumaccounts for over 90% of global malaria-related mortalities, posing a great challenge to public health. Conventional control measures, such as the use of insecticides and antimalarial drugs, have proven less effective owing to parasite resistance. Additionally, many promising malaria vaccine candidates have encountered reduced efficacy at different stages of preclinical and clinical studies. The complicated biology ofPlasmodiumparasites, including their genomic size and multiple stages of the life cycle, impedes the development of an effective malaria vaccine. Therefore, this study aimed to design a vaccine candidate capable of eliciting immune responses across multiple stages of theP. falciparumlifecycle using immunogenic regions from the Kelch Protein (KP), Erythrocyte Binding Antigen 175 (EBA-175), and Liver Stage-Specific Antigen 1 (LSA1). Methods ABCPred, CTLPred, and Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and NetMHCII-2.3 were used to predict B-cell, cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL), and helper T-cell lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes, respectively. The VaxiJen v.2.0 and AllergenFP v.1.0 databases were used to predict antigenicity and allergenicity, respectively. Population coverage analysis was performed using IEDB. The vaccine was constructed using immunogenic B- and T-cell epitopes, with flagellin as an adjuvant. The vaccine was modeled using the Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement server, refined using GalaxyRefine, and docked with toll-like receptors (TLR5 and TLR8) using Cluspro v.2.0. The docked complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation using the Desmond package in Schrodinger. The Java Codon Adaptation Tool was used for codon optimization, and SnapGene was used forin silicocloning. The C-IMMSIM server was used to simulate the immune response. Results Forty-five B-cell, thirteen CTL, and twenty-two HTL epitopes were antigenic and non-allergenic. The HTL epitope-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles were expressed globally. The vaccine construct demonstrated good expression potential and was cloned into the pET-28a (+) expression vector. Furthermore, the docked complexes demonstrated strong binding interactions, and molecular dynamics simulation underscored the stability of the vaccine-TLR8 complex. Conclusions The immune response simulations affirmed that the vaccine can induce an effective immune reaction against malaria. Further immunological experimental validations are needed to prove the functionality of this vaccine.
In-person versus remote (mHealth) delivery for a responsive parenting intervention in rural Kenya: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Garcia Italo Lopez , Luoto Jill , Aboud Frances , Jervis Pamela , Mwoma Teresa , Alu Edith , Odhiambo Aloyce
Published: August 2024

Background
An estimated 43% of children under age 5 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience compromised development due to poverty, poor nutrition, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. Numerous early childhood development (ECD) parenting interventions have been shown to be effective at improving ECD outcomes, at least in the short-term, but they are a) still too expensive to implement at scale in low-resource and rural settings, and b) their early impacts tend to fade over time. New approaches to deliver effective ECD parenting interventions that are low-cost, scalable, and sustainable are sorely needed.
Methods
Our study will experimentally test a traditional in-person group-based delivery model for an evidence-based ECD parenting intervention against a hybrid-delivery model that increasingly substitutes in-person meetings for a remote (mHealth) delivery via smartphones, featuring audiovisual content and WhatsApp social interactions and learning. We will assess the relative effectiveness and cost of this hybrid-delivery model against purely in-person delivery and will extend the interventions over two years to increase their ability to sustain changes in parenting behaviors and ECD outcomes longer-term. Our evaluation design is a cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (cRCT) across 90 villages and approximately 1200 households. Midline and endline surveys collected 12 and 24 months after the start of the interventions, respectively, will examine short- and sustained two-year intention-to-treat impacts on primary outcomes. We will also examine the mediating pathways using Mediation Analysis. We hypothesize that a hybrid-delivery ECD intervention will be lower cost, but remote interactions among participants may be an inferior substitute for in-person visits, leaving open the question of the most cost-effective program.
Discussion
Our goal is to determine the best model to maximize the intervention’s reach and sustained impacts to improve child outcomes. By integrating delivery into the ongoing operations of local Community Health Promoters (CHPs) within Kenya’s rural health care system, and utilizing new low-cost technology, our project has the potential to make important contributions towards discovering potentially scalable, sustainable solutions for resource-limited settings.
Trial Registration
NCT06140017 (02/08/2024) AEARCTR0012704.
First Case Report: Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy and Acute Fulminant Myocarditis
Authors: Ma Juan , Pan Chenliang , Bai Nan , Zhang Shanshan , Mi Peiling , Wa Yongling , Lu Andong
Published: August 2024

Background: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare condition characterized by multiple symmetrical brain lesions mainly involving the thalamus. Acute fulminant myocarditis is a diffuse inflammatory disease of the myocardium characterized by acute onset, rapid progression, and a high risk of death. Its pathogenesis involves excessive activation of the innate immune system and the formation of an inflammatory storm. Both conditions are thought to be caused by viral infections. We present a case of ANE with fulminant myocarditis. Reporting this case is important due to the rarity and the critical interplay of these two severe conditions occurring simultaneously.
Case presentation: A 16-year-old student presented with a 3-day history of high fever, cough, and expectoration, followed by multiple episodes of convulsive seizures. The patient was diagnosed with acute fulminant myocarditis. Despite high doses of vasoactive medications, the patient exhibited low blood pressure and elevated lactate levels. Portable echocardiography revealed diffuse decreased left ventricular motion with severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 30% by visual estimation). The patient remained comatosewith a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 3 (E1V1M1).Brain CT and MRI revealed bilateral striatal, thalamic, and brainstem lesions, typical of ANE. Consequently, a diagnosis of ANE accompanied by fulminant myocarditis was considered. The treatment regimen included high doses of glucocorticoids, immunoglobulins, tocilizumab, and V-A ECMO (Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) life support. The patient showed significant recovery of cardiac function and was discharged after approximately 24 days of rehabilitation.
Conclusion: This case report highlights the coexistence of ANE preceded by acute fulminant myocarditis. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Early recognition of these two conditions is crucial for prognosis, though challenging. This report underscores the need for heightened awareness and prompt, comprehensive treatment strategies to improve outcomes in such complex cases.
Nursing care of a patient with severe respiratory failure caused by Penicillium Marneffei infection after Kidney Transplantation: a case report
Authors: Qiao Wenbo , Deng Qionglin , Xiang Xinyue , Chu Junqing , Li Huijuan , Lin Yan
Published: August 2024

Introduction Penicillium Marneffei (PM) infections often present with nonspecific clinical manifestations, and severe respiratory failure after infection is particularly uncommon. This case report elucidates the nursing care provided to a patient who developed severe respiratory failure due to PM infection post-kidney transplantation. Additionally, it delves into pertinent intervention measures and nursing strategies.
Clinical Findings A 35-year-old male, more than a decade post-kidney transplantation, was admitted to the nephrology department for "chest tightness and a two-day reduction in urine output." He exhibited dyspnea, decreased blood pressure, and a resting SpO2 of 90% while on mask oxygen inhalation, necessitating his transfer to the ICU.
Diagnosis The patient was diagnosed with PM infection, respiratory failure, and post-kidney transplant status.
Interventions In the ICU, interventions included the application and evaluation of nitric oxide combined with ECMO-prone position ventilation to alleviate hypoxia, dynamic adjustment and vigilant monitoring of the antimicrobial Voriconazole, balancing bleeding and thrombosis risks, proactive anemia correction, early enteral nutrition guided by intra-abdominal pressure and ultrasound assessment, and adaptive progression to pulmonary rehabilitation exercises.
Outcomes By the eighth day in the ICU, the patient's oxygenation had markedly improved, allowing a reduction in ECMO support and subsequent removal. The tracheal tube was extracted on the tenth day, and high-flow oxygen was administered. The patient was transferred to a general ward on the twelfth day.
Conclusion Acute respiratory failure following PM infection in solid organ transplant recipients is exceedingly rare, and nurses may lack pertinent care experience. This case is a valuable reference for critical care nurses managing patients in similar conditions.
Pediatric Endoscopic Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: Lessons Learned After 100 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Pérez-Bertólez Sonia , Casal-Beloy Isabel , Pasten Albert , Martín-Solé Oriol , Salcedo Paula , Tapia Leopoldo , Tarrado Xavier
Published: August 2024

Aim
Pediatric Endoscopic Pilonidal SInus Treatment (PEPSiT) has favorable short-term-outcomes, but there is a lack of reliable data on medium and long-term follow-up. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness and advantages of PEPSiT vs conventional surgery of pilonidal sinus in the pediatric population.
Methods
A quasi-experimental study was carried out in pediatric patients undergoing pilonidal sinus surgery at a single institution from 2019 to 2022. Excision and healing by secondary intention (EHSI), excision and primary closure (EPC), and PEPSiT were compared. The surgical technique chosen was surgeon-dependent.
Results
149 patients were studied – 100 undergoing PEPSiT, 28 undergoing EHSI, and 21 undergoing EPC. Median full healing process was 4 weeks (IQR: 3–8) in PEPSiT, 16 weeks in EHSI (IQR: 12-26.5) and 7 weeks (IQR: 4–10) in ECP (p < 0.01). Pain on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and need for analgesics were lower in the PEPSiT group (p < 0.01). Mean time to return to normal life was shorter with PEPSiT – 177 days earlier than EHSI (CI95%: 124.7-230.2; p < 0,01) and 7.2 days earlier tan EPC (CI95%: 20.2-138.6; p < 0,009). Complications with PEPSiT were 9.3 times lower tan EHSI (OR: 9.3; CI95% 3.5–24.7) and 8.5 times lower than ECP (OR = 8.5; CI95% 2.9–24.4). EHSI had 5.3 times more probability of recurrence than PEPSiT (OR = 5.3; CI95% 1.3–22.7), and ECP 15.2 times more (OR = 15.2; CI95% 3.2–71.7).
Conclusions
Endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment is effective in medium-term follow-up, with fewer complications than classic techniques. It allows for an early return to normal life without restrictions.
Prognostic Efficacy of Lymph Node Parameters in Resected Ampullary Adenocarcinoma Based on Long-term Follow-Up Data after Adjuvant Treatment
Authors: Park Namyoung , Cho In Rae , Lee Sang Hyub , Kim Joo Seong , Choi Jin Ho , Lee Min Woo , Paik Woo Hyun , Joo Kwang Ro , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae
Published: August 2024

Background
Lymph node (LN) metastasis is an important prognostic factor in the ampulla of Vater (AoV) adenocarcinoma. Various LN parameters have been proposed, but their prognostic efficacy has not been compared in the same population. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic values of LN parameters in AoV adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgical resection and adjuvant treatment based on the long-term follow-up data.
Methods
A total of 86 patients with surgically resected AoV adenocarcinoma followed by adjuvant treatment were analyzed. We evaluated the prognostic values of various LN parameters such as pathologic N stage, number of metastatic regional LN (LNN), LN ratio (LNR), and log odds of positive LNs (LODDS). Each LN parameter was separately analyzed using Cox regression models with the same confounders.
Results
The median follow-up period was 69.4 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 114 months. In the univariable analyses, all LN parameters showed significant prognostic efficacy for OS, DFS (disease-free survival), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). In the multivariate Cox regression analyses, LNN ≥ 2 was a statistically significant prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio (HR) 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–3.97; p = 0.022), DFS (HR 2.51, 95% CI 1.28–4.93; p = 0.007), and DMFS (HR 2.74, 95% CI 1.39–5.41; p = 0.004).
Conclusions
LN parameters showed good long-term predictive performance in AoV adenocarcinoma patients treated with curative resection and adjuvant treatments. Among LN parameters, LNN ≥ 2 showed better prognostic value than others. Further large-scale studies are needed to validate the clinical usefulness of various LN parameters.