bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Customers’ Trust Transferability in Social Commerce and Its Impact on Perceived Risk and Purchase Intention
Authors: Wiyata Wiyata
Published: January 2024

This study attempts to provide a strengthened understanding of how to mitigate perceived product risk by utilizing the effect of consumers’ trust transfer. Grounding on the theory of perceived risk, trust transfer framework, and social commerce theory, we propose an integrated model of trust-risk perspective on cross-border social commerce use. We tested the proposed model by conducting an online survey in Indonesia. In this work, we used a PLS-SEM analysis, a mediation and a suppression test, and a Multi-Group analysis. The results demonstrated that consumers’ trust can be transferred from the source of trust (platform and friend) to the target of trust (brand), which subsequently reduce perceived product as well as increase purchase intention. More interestingly, the results of the suppression effect testing show that friend trust was able to play a role as a suppressor factor in the relationship between brand trust and perceived product risk. The finding of the present study offers important implications for theory and literature by integrating trust transfer and perceived risk theory and taking into account perceived product risk as an important factor that potentially deters the effect of trust transfer on consumers’ intention to purchase. From a practical implication, we suggest that the best away to gain consumers’ trust in the global market is by conducting an intensive approach to prospective consumers through social media and promoting in popular marketplaces simultaneously.
Social Construction of Unsubsidized Healthy Latrines
Authors: Sucahya Media , Sihabudin Ahmad , Widowati Dewi
Published: January 2024

Recent data have shown that approximately 5.86% of 275.773 million of the Indonesian population are practicing open defecation. To align with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), efforts are being made to eradicate unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, including open dedication, by 2030. This achievement requires the intervention of both government and non-governmental organizations, as shown by LAZ HARFA in the Banten Province. The organizations successfully motivated impoverished citizens to construct proper sanitation facilities without subsidies.

This study aimed to understand social construction of the impoverished community towards unsubsidized healthy latrines program implemented by LAZ HARFA in the Kertaraharja village, Pandeglang Regency, Banten. The analysis was carried out using a qualitative approach, by employing a purposive sampling technique to select informants based on their involvement in healthy latrines program. The total number of informants was 15, consisting of 8, 6, and 4 as key, main, and additional informants, respectively.

The results showed that the community firmly believed in achieving unsubsidized healthy latrines program was possible, despite their impoverished conditions. This program was recognized as a step towards adopting a clean and healthy lifestyle. The community shifted the mindset from practicing open defecation to embracing a clean and healthy lifestyle through collaborative efforts, conducting transcheck walks, village mapping, and making commitments to participate in healthy latrines program. Furthermore, social interaction was fostered among the community through the purchase of materials for constructing latrines facilities and toiletries. LAZ HARFA also employed participatory development communication model that focused on provocation and simulation to evoke feelings of shame, disgust, and nausea. The community introduced economic empowerment and environmental quality enhancement programs to accelerate the progress of healthy latrines program.
A Ficção Científica, a urgência climática e a importância de diálogo entre os saberes: entrevista com a escritora e pesquisadora Ana Rüsche
Authors: Matangrano Bruno Anselmi
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho trata-se de uma entrevista com a escritora e pesquisadora Ana Rüsche, concedida ao pesquisador Bruno Anselmi Matangrano, sobre a ficção científica enquanto uma das categorias literárias que mais tem se ocupado de questões urgentes e presentes nos debates contemporâneos. Dando especial enfoque à representação da crise climática na literatura contemporânea e ao papel da ficção científica no diálogo e na difusão de outros saberes, Rüsche define em suas respostas, em uma abordagem transdisciplinar, conceitos como a própria “ficção científica”, a teoria “ecocrítica”, a categoria da “ficção climática” e sua relação com o conceito geológico e histórico de  “antropoceno” e sua contraparte, o “capitaloceno”, ao mesmo tempo em que defende a autonomia e a importância da produção literária feita no sul global e, em particular, no Brasil, em uma perspectiva decolonial. Comenta ainda a relação entre seus estudos e sua própria ficção, demonstrando o diálogo tão  pouco comentado nos meios acadêmicos, mas de suma importância, entre a escrita criativa e a pesquisa acadêmica.
Optimal Medical Management of Atherosclerotic Intracranial Stenosis
Authors: Wabnitz Ashley M. , Turan Tanya N.
Published: January 2024

Reducing the high risk of recurrent stroke in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) has proven to be challenging, but aggressive medical management, with intensive risk factor control and antithrombotic therapy, has been shown to be beneficial. High-intensity statins are recommended for patients with atherosclerotic stroke, including sICAS. Ezetimibe and PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitors are beneficial for those who fail to reach low-density lipoprotein targets or those with statin intolerance. The treatment target for sICAS is low-density lipoprotein <70 mg/dL. In neurologically stable patients, blood pressure should be treated to goal <140/90 mm Hg with the use of thiazide diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin II receptor blockers preferentially. For those with diabetes, treat to goal hemoglobin A1C ≤7% for most patients through combination of diet, insulin, and hypoglycemic drugs. Some degree of physical activity (eg, walking, stationary biking with arms or legs, etc) should be encouraged in all patients with sICAS who are not severely disabled. A minimum of 10 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity 4 times a week is recommended for patients who are capable of exercise. For all patients with severe sICAS (70%–99% stenosis), dual antiplatelet therapy for up to 90 days followed by single antiplatelet agent is recommended.
Future of Endovascular and Surgical Treatments of Atherosclerotic Intracranial Stenosis
Authors: Elder Theresa A. , White Timothy G. , Woo Henry H. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Nunna Ravi , Siddiq Farhan , Esposito Giuseppe , Chang Daniel , Gonzalez Nestor R. , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh
Published: January 2024

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease and resultant intracranial stenosis is a global leading cause of stroke, and poses an ongoing treatment challenge. Among patients with intracranial stenosis, those with hemodynamic compromise are at high risk for recurrent stroke despite medical therapy and risk factor modification. Revascularization of the hypoperfused territory is the most plausible treatment strategy for these high-risk patients, yet surgical and endovascular therapies have not yet shown to be sufficiently safe and effective in randomized controlled trials. Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies have led to a resurgence of interest in surgical and endovascular treatment strategies, with a growing body of evidence to support their further evaluation in the treatment of select patient populations. This review outlines the current and emerging endovascular and surgical treatments and highlights promising future management strategies.
Circulating Sex-Specific Markers of Plaque Instability in Women and Men With Severe Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Gasbarrino Karina , Zheng Huaien , Daskalopoulou Stella S.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Sex-specific differences in plaque composition and instability underscore the need to explore circulating markers for better prediction of high-risk plaques. This cross-sectional study aims to (1) investigate differences in lipid, immune, and adipokine circulating profiles between men and women with stable versus unstable plaques and (2) identify circulating markers that can better classify men and women according to plaque instability.

METHODS:

Preoperative blood samples and plaque specimens were collected from consecutive men and women with carotid artery stenosis ≥50% and who underwent a carotid endarterectomy between 2009 and 2018. Adipokine, lipid, and immune profiling was conducted. Plaque stability was determined by gold-standard histological classifications. Statistical analyses, including χ
2
, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, and logistic regression, assessed differences in plaque features and blood parameters between men and women with stable and unstable plaques.

RESULTS:

Of 470 recruited patients (aged 70.8±9.2 years), the final study analyses included 317 men and 143 women (aged 71.0±9.0 years). Men exhibited more unstable plaques (
P
<0.001), characterized by increased plaque hemorrhage, larger lipid core, and inflammation (
P
<0.001), along with less favorable circulating profiles. Antagonistic interactions between sex and white blood cell (WBC) counts, basophil-to-WBC ratio, and platelet counts influenced plaque instability. In men, low WBC counts, high monocyte-to-WBC ratio, low basophil-to-WBC ratio, and high LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels were associated with greater plaque instability (odds ratio, 0.827 [95% CI, 0.713–0.926], 1.158 [95% CI, 1.027–1.305], 0.495 [95% CI, 0.281–0.871], and 1.564 [95% CI, 1.001–2.443], respectively) and more unstable features (ie, inflammation, foam cells, and neovascularization). In women, a high basophil-to-WBC ratio was associated with greater plaque instability (3.142 [95% CI, 1.220–8.093]), hemorrhage, and thrombosis, while a high molecular weight-to-total adiponectin ratio was associated with decreased instability (0.014 [95% CI, 0.000–0.646]) and inflammation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings demonstrated sex-specific differences, with women displaying more stable plaque phenotypes and favorable circulating profiles compared with men. This proof-of-concept study was also designed as the key first step in exploring novel sex-specific associations between circulating lipid, immune, and adipokine profiles and carotid plaque instability.
Scales and Narratives of Urban Agriculture in South Korea
Authors: Kim Kwang Jin , Kim Inhea , Huh Keun Young
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: The scales of urban agriculture need to be assessed and rescaled to implement or achieve its multidimensional functions and values in South Korea. Significant scales and narratives were assessed and rescaled with narratives described in the laws and literatures.Methods: Narratives created from 1980 to 2022 were collected. The definition of urban agriculture, the difference between farmers and urban farmers, and the spatial scales of rural and urban areas were assessed using the scales and narratives in the related laws, plans, research papers, etc. In addition, the multidimensional functions and values that urban agriculture aims for were analyzed.Results: Under domestic laws, urban agriculture is defined as cultivating crops, trees, or flowers, or raising insects within a city for hobby, leisure, study, or experience purposes. Farmers and urban farmers are distinguished based on the purpose of the activity or on whether the agricultural activities are carried out as economic activities. The spatial scale of urban areas where urban agriculture is practiced is not limited to specific administrative districts. The literature defines urban agriculture as all agricultural activities in and around cities and spaces with urban contexts and includes the secondary and tertiary industries. Participants in urban agriculture are the public who participate or want to participate in urban agriculture. The spatial scale of urban agriculture includes urban areas, areas connected to urban areas, and areas in which urban and rural contexts are hybridized. The function and value of urban agriculture have been further expanded compared to the past.Conclusion: The narratives for the re-scale framing of urban agriculture are as follows: urban agriculture is agricultural production activities carried out by the public in urban agricultural spaces, spaces linked to urban agriculture, or spaces with the context of urban agriculture to implement or achieve multi-dimensional functions and values of urban agriculture. In future, it will also include the secondary and tertiary agricultural industries related to urban agriculture.
Development of the Site Index Curves for Quercus acuta Stands
Authors: Jung Suyoung , Lee Kwangsoo , Kim Hyunsoo , Park Hyeok , Park Joonhyung , Roh Hyejung , Jeong Seongyeop , Son Yeongmo
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: The purpose of this study is to develop a model for estimating the site index (SI), which is the criterion for determining the site productivity of the Quercus acuta stand as known as Evergreen broad-leaved tree (EBLT) species.Methods: The materials used in the analysis were data from 63 sample plots, and the sample plots data were collected from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) and other sites. Since the site index is determined by the height and stand age of the dominant trees, the Schumacher model, the Chapman-Richards model, and the Weibull model were applied to derive the optimal equation for estimating the dominant tree height.Results: The three models derived the parameters and went through a statistical test. Among the three models, the Chapman-Richards model was found to be optimal considering the fitness index, bias, and residuals. By transforming this model, site index estimation equations with the reference age of 30 years were created, and site index curves were derived. According to the analysis of the collected data, the site index of the Quercus acuta stand in Korea was found to be in the range of 10 to 16.Conclusion: As the growth distribution of Quercus acuta is expected to move north due to climate change, the derivation of the site index representing site productivity will be helpful in making policy and management decisions for this species.
Development and Validation of Dissolution Test Method for Herbal Medicine Containing Ginsenosides
Authors: Lee Sung-Hoon
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: This study aimed to develop a dissolution test method for quality control of commercial 40% ethanol extract of ginseng-containing dosage forms.Methods: Through preliminary dissolution testing of the commercial dosage forms, suitable parameters for HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis were determined, including an injection volume of 50 μL and a dissolution time of 1 hour. Additionally, the stability testing of the solution enabled the selection of an appropriate dissolution medium, pH 4.0 buffer solution. Method validation was carried out using reference standard of eight ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1, RC, Rb2, Rd), indicative components of ginseng, under the selected testing conditions. The evaluation of method validation encompassed specificity, accuracy, precision, and linearity as assessment criteria.Results: The accuracy assessment revealed that the average recovery rates within a 95% confidence interval were appropriate for all ginsenosides, ranging from 98.25% to 101.17%. The precision evaluation, conducted at an intermediate concentration of 8 μg/mL (n = 6), demonstrated relative standard deviations of 0.25% to 1.08%, which met the criterion of being below 2%. The linearity assessment showed that the coefficient of determination (R²) values for all ginsenosides exceeded 0.999, indicating excellent linearity. The quantification limits ranged from 0.32 to 1.09 μg/mL, confirming their suitability for dissolution assessment of the respective formulation. Employing the selected dissolution test method, the dissolution profiles of most ginsenosides in the commercially available ginseng-containing dosage forms reached their maximum values within 60 minutes. No significant differences were observed in results beyond 120 minutes, confirming that a dissolution time of 60 minutes is appropriate for this dosage form.Conclusion: The established method holds promise as a valuable tool for quality control of pharmaceuticals containing ginseng, including those previously unassessed, contributing to future applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
L’épithète de culte comme indice de datation. À quel moment les inscriptions hiéroglyphiques ont-elles qualifié Ptolémée IX de « dieu Sôter » ?
Authors: Habachy Mounir
Published: January 2024

This article aims to study the appearance of the cult epithet “theos Soter” on the hieroglyphic monuments dating back to the second reign of Ptolemy IX. It highlights the problems that Egyptians encountered while translating such an epithet from Greek theos Soter to Egyptian pꜢ nṯr nty nḥm. As shown by the Demotic documents covering several years, this did not happen at once. This study offers a new dating tool for the monuments of the second reign of Ptolemy IX according to the appearance or absence of the translated epithet.

Cette étude porte sur l’épithète de culte « dieu Sôter » lorsqu’elle apparaît sur les monuments égyptiens inscrits en hiéroglyphes au cours du second règne de Ptolémée IX. L’article consiste à mettre en relief les problèmes de traduction envisagés par les anciens Égyptiens pour transmettre le terme grec théos Sôter vers l’égyptien pꜢ nṯr nty nḥm, ce qui ne s’est pas fait en une seule fois. La présente étude offre un nouvel outil de datation pour les monuments au cours du second règne de Ptolémée IX en fonction de l’apparition ou non de l’épithète.
Investigation of Precipitation Process in the Water Vapor Channel of the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon
Authors: Chen Xuelong , Xu Xiangde , Ma Yaoming , Wang Gaili , Chen Deliang , Cao Dianbin , Xu Xin , Zhang Qiang , Li Luhan , Liu Yajing , Liu Liping , Li Maoshan , Luo Siqiong , Wang Xin , Hu Xie
Published: January 2024

The Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon (YGC) is an important pathway for water vapor transport from southern Asia to the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This area exhibits one of the highest frequencies of convective activity in China, and precipitation often induces natural disasters in local communities, which can dramatically affect their livelihoods. In addition, the produced precipitation gives rise to vast glaciers and large rivers around the YGC. In 2018, the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program tasked a research team to conduct an “investigation of the precipitation process in the water vapor channel of the Yarlung Zsangbo Grand Canyon” (INVC) in the southeastern TP. This team subsequently established a comprehensive observation system of land–air interaction, water vapor, clouds, and rainfall activity in the YGC. This paper introduces the developed observation system and summarizes the preliminary results obtained during the first two years of the project. Using this INVC observation network, herein, we focus on the development of rainfall events on the southeastern TP. This project also helps to monitor geohazards in the key area of the Sichuan–Tibet railway, which traverses the northern YGC. The observation datasets will benefit future research on mountain meteorology.
The changing social class structure of London, 2001–2021: Continued professionalisation or asymmetric polarisation?
Authors: Hamnett Chris
Published: January 2024

The changing class structure of cities has been a topic of considerable importance and debate for over a 150 years, since the industrial revolution created a large industrial proletariat in many western cities. But the rise of post-industrial society, the decline of the manufacturing industry, a shrinking industrial working class, and the growth of the professional and managerial class from the 1970s onwards has provoked fresh debate about this, as has the emergence of gentrification in many cities. This paper looks at the changing social class structure of London from 2001 to 2021 using data from the population Census. It shows that the higher professional and managerial class continued its long term growth after a pause in 2001–2011. But the number and proportions of small employers, the self-employed and routine workers have also grown. There is therefore continuing professionalisation but also ‘asymmetric polarisation’. The paper also examines the geography of social class change by borough over the period and shows that while the professional and managerial class grew in all boroughs, suggesting a gradual upward class change across London, it was highest in the most gentrified inner London boroughs. However, the percentage point growth of the self-employed and routine groups was generally higher in the mostly suburban boroughs where professional and managerial class percentage point change growth was smallest (and vice versa) which suggests an intensified social class sorting and divergence across London with the lower class groups growing most rapidly in suburban outer London where housing costs are less.
Urban heat islands and the transformation of Singapore
Authors: Jung Yoonhee
Published: January 2024

An urban heat island is defined as an urban area that experiences warmer temperatures than its surroundings. This study examines how Singapore’s planning efforts established after the mid-20th century have affected the thermal environment of the city in association with land transformation, using historical temperature data available from the Meteorological Service of Singapore and some historical studies. Singapore’s planners have carefully regulated the growth of its downtown while promoting expansion in other parts of the city-state. These effects of planning have also unconsciously shaped the location and outline of Singapore’s urban heat island. As a result, new urban heat peaks were found around the centres of newly constructed large-scale new towns compared to industrial areas. This study provides lessons for land planning in mitigating a city’s urban heat island effects.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis due to hepatitis B virus reactivation: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kaya Abdurrahman , Beycan Esin , Kaya Sibel Yıldız , Özdemir Gülhan , Zerdali Hasan , Mert Ali
Published: January 2024

We report a 52-year old man presenting with acute acalculous cholecystitis triggered by hepatitis B virus infection. The patient developed protective antibodies and cleared the infection. The relevant data is also discussed.
CXC ligand 13 orchestrates an immunoactive microenvironment and enhances immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Xiaohu , Zhao Xiaomei , Chen Yiming , Yang Rong , Dai Zhenlin , Li Wei , Lin Chengzhong , Cao Wei
Published: January 2024

Objectives: This study aims to systematically explore the role of chemokine CXC ligand 13 (CXCL13) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases provided the RNA-seq data for cancer and normal tissues, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to search the cancer hallmarks associated with CXCL13 expression. TIMER2.0 was the main platform used to investigate the immune cell infiltration related to CXCL13. Immunohistochemistry was applied to explore the relationship between CXCL13 and patients’ prognosis and the relationship between CXCL13 and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). Results: The expression of CXCL13 was upregulated in most tumors, including HNSCC. The higher expression of CXCL13 was closely related to the positive prognosis of HNSCC. CXCL13 was mainly expressed in B cells and CD8 + T cells, revealing the relationship between its expression and immune activation in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and multiple fluorescence staining analysis of HNSCC samples showed a powerful correlation between CXCL13 expression, TLSs formation, and positive prognosis. Finally, CXCL13 significantly increased the response to cancer immunotherapy. Conclusions: CXCL13 may function as a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response and associate with TLSs in HNSCC.
Politics of translation: Assimilation and reflexivity in the transformation of academic texts
Authors: Cussel Mattea , Bielsa Esperança , Bestué Carmen
Published: January 2024

For many at the periphery and semi-periphery of the global academic field, translation or self-translation into English has become a prerequisite for the pursuit of an academic career. This article focuses on the academic translators who translate humanities and social science texts and the crucial but highly invisible role of their everyday translation practices in relation to the dominance of Anglophone discourses and concepts. It articulates an interdisciplinary theorization of the politics of translation through the concepts of assimilatory and reflexive translation, which are applied to an empirical investigation based on semi-structured interviews conducted with academic translators in the context of Spain. The analysis brings to light their backgrounds, professional profiles, and perceptions of their working conditions, as well as their views of science and good writing. Academic translators predominantly adopt an assimilatory translation strategy, reformulating texts to adapt them to Anglophone academic conventions. However, habitual collaboration between translators and authors gives rise to deliberation among both actors on how to recreate texts in the new linguistic situation. Such collaboration holds great potential for the development of more reflexive forms of translation in which an invitation to consider translation strategies and decisions is extended to authors and users of translations at large.
Exploring Spanish studio music teachers’ views on topics related to creativity
Authors: Mateos-Moreno Daniel , Garcia-Perals Jorge
Published: January 2024

While creativity is a primary focus in music education, its exploration within the realm of music studio teaching is considerably less extensive compared with other educational contexts. Moreover, the related research is predominantly focused on creativity in developing music skills. In the present study, we explore how Spanish instrumental music teachers ( n = 10) perceive creativity and its development among students in the music studio, in the absence of predefined limitations (i.e., with respect to various forms and definitions of creativity inherent in the music studio as perceived from their viewpoint). By means of a case study methodology, we gathered data over a one-year period through a questionnaire, in-depth interviews, participants’ written essays, and researchers’ journal entries following observations of the participants’ teaching practices. Subsequently, qualitative analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. Among our main results, we found tensions between our participants’ theories and their practices, evidence for an underlying individual-centered theory of creativity, both positive and negative attitudes toward the development of creativity among their students, and ignorance of creativity in music listening. Our study implications emphasize the urgency of implementing strategies to enhance teacher self-awareness and underscore the need for further investigation into music studio teaching with a specific focus on creativity.
One rule, three tips, five reasons: Gendered entrepreneurial learning and the construction of online advice
Authors: Pritchard Katrina , Williams Helen C , Miller Maggie C
Published: January 2024

Our article contributes to critical perspectives on entrepreneurial learning by explicating how advice functions as an entrepreneurial product disseminated online. While academics are often critical of online advice, they nevertheless acknowledge that it is thriving. Therefore, we combine critical perspectives on entrepreneurial learning and public pedagogy to examine advice, often presented as rules, tips and reasons, on how to become a successful entrepreneur. We provide insight into how this online advice recursively reinforces who, what and how successful entrepreneurs should be. Subsequently, we demonstrate how online advice acts as public pedagogy reproducing gendered entrepreneurial ideals that shape broader understandings of the entrepreneur.
Long-term plasticity of NMDA GluN2B (NR2B) receptor in anterior cingulate cortical synapses
Authors: Zhuo Min
Published: January 2024

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a key cortical area for pain perception, emotional fear and anxiety. Cortical excitation is thought to be the major mechanism for chronic pain and its related emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. GluN2B (or called NR2B) containing NMDA receptors play critical roles for such excitation. Not only does the activation of GluN2B contributes to the induction of the postsynaptic form of LTP (post-LTP), long-term upregulation of GluN2B subunits through tyrosine phosphorylation were also detected after peripheral injury. In addition, it has been reported that presynaptic NMDA receptors may contribute to the modulation of the release of glutamate from presynaptic terminals in the ACC. It is believed that inhibiting subtypes of NMDA receptors and/or downstream signaling proteins may serve as a novel therapeutic mechanism for future treatment of chronic pain, anxiety, and depression.
Comprehensive analysis of m6A modification in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice
Authors: Xu Chenzhen , Song Congkuan , Wang Wenjie , Liu Bohao , Li Guorui , Fu Tinglv , Hao Bo , Li Ning , Geng Qing
Published: January 2024

Background

N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most prevalent post-transcriptional modification in mRNA, and plays significant roles in various diseases. Nevertheless, the precise functions of m6A modification in the formation of ALI remain unclear. In this study we explore the transcriptome distribution of m6A methylation and its probable roles of in ALI.

Methods

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was utilized to establish an ALI mouse model. Real-time qPCR, Western blotting and m6A dot blot were utilized to assess m6A methylation level and the expression of m6A methylation enzymes. MeRIP-Seq and RNA-seq were utilized to explore differential m6A modifications and differentially expressed genes in ALI mice. The hub genes and enriched pathways were assessed by Real-time qPCR and Western blotting.

Results

Our findings showed that overall m6A methylation level was increased in ALI mice lung tissues, accompanied by lower levels of METTL3 and FTO. Notably, the protein expression of these methylases were different in various cells. There were 772 differently expressed m6A peaks in ALI as compared to the control group, with 316 being hypermethylated and 456 being hypomethylated. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated these differentially methylated genes were associated with the calcium signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. Furthermore, we identified 50 genes with distinct m6A peaks and mRNA expressions by combined analysis of MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq. KEGG analysis also demonstrated that these overlapped genes were closely associated with the calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, etc. Besides, Western blotting results demonstrated that the protein expression of Fibronectin leucine-rich transmembrane protein 3 (Flrt3) as well as the calcium signaling pathway and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, increased significantly after ALI.

Conclusions

m6A modification was paramount in the pathogenesis of ALI, and provided a foundation for the further investigation in the prevention and treatment of ALI.
Refining breast cancer biomarker discovery and drug targeting through an advanced data-driven approach
Authors: Rakhshaninejad Morteza , Fathian Mohammad , Shirkoohi Reza , Barzinpour Farnaz , Gandomi Amir H.
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer remains a major public health challenge worldwide. The identification of accurate biomarkers is critical for the early detection and effective treatment of breast cancer. This study utilizes an integrative machine learning approach to analyze breast cancer gene expression data for superior biomarker and drug target discovery. Gene expression datasets, obtained from the GEO database, were merged post-preprocessing. From the merged dataset, differential expression analysis between breast cancer and normal samples revealed 164 differentially expressed genes. Meanwhile, a separate gene expression dataset revealed 350 differentially expressed genes. Additionally, the BGWO_SA_Ens algorithm, integrating binary grey wolf optimization and simulated annealing with an ensemble classifier, was employed on gene expression datasets to identify predictive genes including TOP2A, AKR1C3, EZH2, MMP1, EDNRB, S100B, and SPP1. From over 10,000 genes, BGWO_SA_Ens identified 1404 in the merged dataset (F1 score: 0.981, PR-AUC: 0.998, ROC-AUC: 0.995) and 1710 in the GSE45827 dataset (F1 score: 0.965, PR-AUC: 0.986, ROC-AUC: 0.972). The intersection of DEGs and BGWO_SA_Ens selected genes revealed 35 superior genes that were consistently significant across methods. Enrichment analyses uncovered the involvement of these superior genes in key pathways such as AMPK, Adipocytokine, and PPAR signaling. Protein-protein interaction network analysis highlighted subnetworks and central nodes. Finally, a drug-gene interaction investigation revealed connections between superior genes and anticancer drugs. Collectively, the machine learning workflow identified a robust gene signature for breast cancer, illuminated their biological roles, interactions and therapeutic associations, and underscored the potential of computational approaches in biomarker discovery and precision oncology.
Characterization of the pyruvate kinase gene family in soybean and identification of a putative salt responsive gene GmPK21
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Yubin , Zhang Yanwei , Li Wei , Wang Caijie , Xu Ran , Dai Haiying , Zhang Lifeng
Published: January 2024

Background

As a key regulatory enzyme in the glycolysis pathway, pyruvate kinase (PK) plays crucial roles in multiple physiological processes during plant growth and is also involved in the abiotic stress response. However, little information is known about PKs in soybean.

Results

In this study, we identified 27 PK family genes against the genome of soybean cultivar Zhonghuang13. They were classified into 2 subfamilies including PKc and PKp. 22 segmental duplicated gene pairs and 1 tandem duplicated gene pair were identified and all of them experienced a strong purifying selective pressure during evolution. Furthermore, the abiotic stresses (especially salt stress) and hormone responsive cis-elements were present in the promoters of GmPK genes, suggesting their potential roles in abiotic stress tolerance. By performing the qRT-PCR, 6 GmPK genes that continuously respond to both NaCl and ABA were identified. Subsequently, GmPK21, which represented the most significant change under NaCl treatment was chosen for further study. Its encoded protein GmPK21 was localized in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. The transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GmPK21 exhibited weakened salinity tolerance.

Conclusions

This study provides genomic information of soybean PK genes and a molecular basis for mining salt tolerance function of PKs in the future.
Peptic ulcer characteristics in oral opium and non-opium user patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Masoodi Mohsen , Sabzikarian Mohammad , Masoodi Nikta , Farhadi Saeed , Rezamand Gholam Reza , Tabaeian Seidamir Pasha , Talebi Atefeh , Fayyaz Farimah
Published: January 2024

Background/Aims

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a frequent medical issue. The primary risk factors for bleeding peptic ulcers are Helicobacter pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The association between acute gastric/duodenal ulcer and opium use has been previously proposed; however, there is no available data on endoscopic findings of patients with acute UGIB who use opium.

Materials and methods

In the present descriptive cross-sectional study, endoscopic data of 50 consecutive patients with oral opium use and 50 consecutive patients without any opium use who were admitted for UGIB were recorded. The size (5–10 mm, 11–20 mm, or more than 20 mm), number (single, double, or multiple), and location of the ulcers (esophagus, gastric corpus including the fundus and body, antrum, angulus, or duodenum) were examined by endoscopy in both groups.

Results

Three or more ulcers were observed in 46% and 16% of patients with oral opium use and without opium use, respectively (P-value = 0.001). The rate of giant ulcers (> 20 mm) was significantly higher in patients who used oral opium (40% vs. 12%; P-value = 0.007). Esophageal ulcers were also more common in oral opium users (30%) than non-users (8%) with UGIB (P-value = 0.01). Nevertheless, the location of the ulcers between the two groups generally was not statistically different.

Conclusions

This study has demonstrated that multiple, large peptic ulcers in GIB are potential complications of oral opium use. This could aid the needed modifications in the treatment protocol for these patients.
Programs and practices that support pregnant people who use drugs’ access to sexual and reproductive health care in Canada: a scoping review
Authors: Mathias Holly , Foster Lesley Ann , Rushton Ashleigh
Published: January 2024

Background

Pregnant people who use unregulated drugs (PPWUD) are at high risk of health complications yet experience a range of barriers to sexual and reproductive health care. Given that improving maternal health and access to reproductive health care are key targets underpinning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), there is an urgent need to improve access to appropriate supports and services for this population. Little is known about what programs and practices exist to support PPWUD’s access to sexual and reproductive health care. This scoping review aimed to identify the available literature on these programs and practices in Canada.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted using JBI methodology and reported using PRISMA guidelines. Scholarly databases and grey literature sources were searched to identify literature published between 2016–2023 in English or French that discussed, defined, conceptualised, or evaluated programs and practices that support PPWUD’s access to sexual and reproductive health care in Canada. Identified literature was screened using Covidence. Data were extracted from included texts, then analysed descriptively. Frequencies and key concepts were reported.

Results

A total of 71 articles were included, most of which were grey literature. Of the total, 46 unique programs were identified, as well as several useful practices. Most programs were in urban centres in Western Canada, and most programs offered holistic ‘wrap-around services.’ Several programs delivered these services on-site or as ‘drop-in’ programs with the support of staff with lived/living experience of substance use. Most frequent program outcomes included keeping parents and children together, improving connection to other services, and reducing substance use harms. Noted helpful practices included non-judgmental care and the use of harm-reduction strategies.

Conclusions

Several programs and practices that support PPWUD exist in Canada, though few focus exclusively on sexual and reproductive health. There remain opportunities to improve access to programs, including expanding geographic availability and range of services. The review has clinical application by providing an overview of available programs that may support clinicians in identifying services for PPWUD. Future research should consider client perspectives and experiences of these programs.

Review registration number

Open Science Framework https://osf.io/5y64j.
Efficacy of topical 0.05% cyclosporine A and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate in post-refractive surgery chronic dry eye patients with ocular pain
Authors: Zhao Lu , Chen Jiawei , Duan Hongyu , Yang Tingting , Ma Baikai , Zhou Yifan , Bian LinBo , Cai Xiying , Qi Hong
Published: January 2024

Background

The management of post-refractive surgery dry eye disease (DED) can be challenging in clinical practice, and patients usually show an incomplete response to traditional artificial tears, especially when it is complicated with ocular pain. Therefore, we aim to investigate the efficacy of combined topical 0.05% cyclosporine A and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate treatment in post-refractive surgery DED patients with ocular pain unresponsive to traditional artificial tears.

Methods

We enrolled 30 patients with post-refractive surgery DED with ocular pain who were unresponsive to traditional artificial tears. Topical 0.05% cyclosporine A and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate were used for 3 months. They were evaluated at baseline and 1 and 3 months for dry eye and ocular pain symptoms and objective parameters, including Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory modified for the Eye (NPSI-Eye), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test (SIt), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), corneal sensitivity, and corneal nerve morphology. In addition, tear levels of inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides were measured using the Luminex assay.

Results

After 3 months of treatment, patients showed a statistically significant improvement in the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), TBUT, SIt, CFS, and corneal sensitivity (all P < 0.01) using linear mixed models. As for ocular pain parameters, the NRS and NPSI-Eye scores were significantly reduced (both P < 0.05) and positively correlated with the OSDI and CFS scores. Additionally, tear IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were improved better than pre-treatment (P = 0.01, 0.03, 0.02, respectively).

Conclusion

In patients with post-refractive surgery DED with ocular pain, combined topical 0.05% cyclosporine A and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate treatment improved tear film stability, dry eye discomfort, and ocular pain, effectively controlling ocular inflammation.

Trial registration

Registration number: NCT06043908.
A controlled clinical study on efficacy and safety of periocular triamcinolone acetonide injection for treating ocular myasthenia gravis
Authors: Shi Minghua , Lu Zhuneng , Qin Aijiao , Cheng Jing , Chen Simin , Xing Yiqiao
Published: January 2024

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of peribulbar triamcinolone acetonide injection for treating ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG), with a comparison of traditional oral drug therapy.

Methods

A total of 22 patients with OMG who received periocular triamcinolone acetonide injection (initially 20 mg weekly, then once per month later if symptoms were improved) from July 2019 to July 2022 were evaluated by a comparison of symptom degree before and after treatment. Adverse reactions were also monitored during the period of treatment. The period of follow-up was more than 6 months. Additionally, a comparison of the treatment efficacy between this periocular injection and traditional oral administration was performed in OMG patients.

Results

After 4 weeks of treatment, the degree of ptosis in OMG patients decreased to -3.00 ± 0.69, compared to the value (-0.86 ± 1.32) before treatment. The degree of ophthalmoplegia also decreased from 3.12 ± 0.72 to 0.86 ± 0.88 (P < 0.001) after treatment. The achievement rates of minimal manifestations status (MMS)for ptosis and ophthalmoplegia after 4 week-treatment were 86.3% and 75%, respectively, while they were 50% and 30% in patients with traditional oral administration. There was statistically significant difference only in MMS (rather than symptom relief rate and generalization conversion rate) between two groups. No serious complications (except for intraorbital hematoma) were found in OMG patients during the treatment period.

Conclusion

Repeated peribulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide can effectively alleviate the initial symptoms of OMG patients. However, the evaluation of its long-term efficacy is still needed.

Clinical Trial Registry

This study has been clinically registered by Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), first trial registration date:05/07/2019, registration number: ChiCTR1900024285.
Expression of active caspase 3 in the rat lens after in vivo exposure to subthreshold dose of UVR-B
Authors: Galichanin Konstantin , Yu Zhaohua
Published: January 2024

Purposes

The aim of this study is to investigate the time evolution of active caspase 3 within first 120 h in the rat lens after in vivo exposure to subthreshold dose of UVR-B.

Methods

Twenty three six-week-old female albino Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to subthreshold dose (1 kJ/m2) of UVR-B unilaterally and sacrificed at 24, 41, 70 and 120 h after exposure. Lenses were enucleated and active caspase 3 was detected by Western Blot. The time evolution of active caspase 3 was then plotted as a function of relative mean difference in active caspase 3 between exposed and nonexposed lenses.

Results

There is expression of active caspase 3 in both exposed and nonexposed lenses but there is no difference in relative mean difference in active caspase 3 between exposed and nonexposed lenses in all four postexposure groups.

Conclusions

Exposure to subthreshold dose of UVR-B does not induce apoptosis in the rat lens in vivo within first 120 h though there is a non-significant increase of active caspase 3 at 120 h. Increase in sample size might reduce the variation level in expression of active caspase 3 in the rat lenses.
Perceived risk of COVID-19 hurts mental health: the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 and the moderating role of resilience
Authors: Lu Hui , Yang Jialin , Zhao Kejie , Jin Zhou , Wen Xin , Hu Nuonuo , Yang Hongshen , Sun Zhiyu , Chen Haitao , Huang Yili , Wang Deborah Baofeng , Wu Yili
Published: January 2024

Background

Depression and anxiety have been found prevalent during all phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. In late December 2022, almost all COVID-19 control measures were lifted in China, leading to a surge in COVID-19 infections. The public’s perceived risk and fear of COVID-19 would be increased. This study aims to examine the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the Chinese general population and explores the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 between COVID-19 perceived risk and depression/anxiety and the moderating role of resilience between fear of COVID-19 and depression/anxiety.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Wenzhou, China, immediately following almost all COVID-19 control measures lifted. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the COVID-19 Risk Perception Scale, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used to evaluate depression, anxiety, COVID-19 perceived risk, fear of COVID-19, and resilience, respectively. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator and adjusted for significant background factors was performed to test the moderated mediation. Data obtained from 935 participants were analyzed.

Results

The prevalence of moderate to severe depression and anxiety was 23.7% and 9.5%, respectively. The present study revealed positive associations among COVID-19 perceived risk, fear of COVID-19 and depression/anxiety, and negative associations between resilience and fear of COVID-19/depression/anxiety. Fear of COVID-19 partially mediated the association between COVID-19 perceived risk and depression/anxiety. Furthermore, resilience significantly moderated the association between fear of COVID-19 and depression/anxiety. Two moderated mediation models were constructed.

Conclusion

Depression and anxiety were prevalent among Chinese adults during the final phase of the pandemic in China. The significant mediation role of fear of COVID-19 implies that reducing fear of COVID-19 may effectively alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms. Moreover, enhancing public resilience during an epidemic crisis is crucial for promoting mental health.