bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posmemorias de Moisés Ville: dos narraciones documentadas para una recuperación del legado judío en Argentina
Authors: Gabbay Cynthia
Published: February 2024

El artículo advierte el desarrollo de recientes “narraciones documentadas” que han alimentado una posmemoria militante en ámbitos no institucionales de la cultura judeo-argentina contemporánea. Dicha posmemoria reevalúa la representación de la primera colonia agrícola judía de Moisés Ville. A través del análisis de una “novela sin ficción” y un mediometraje, se destaca el uso de archivos y documentos a la hora de deconstruir mitos y leyendas sobre los cuales se sostiene la representación tradicional de la colonia agrícola, fundadas, en su origen, por los relatos de Alberto Gerchunoff (1910). El artículo propone leer estas “narraciones documentadas” como herramientas para examinar la cultura judía en Argentina en tiempos del Bicentenario.
La ficción y el documento
Authors: Azevedo Luciene
Published: February 2024

El artículo busca pensar la oposición consolidada en la modernidad entre la comprensión de la literatura como ficción y la crítica a la idea de literatura como documento, a partir del comentario de dos obras de la autora argentina Belén López Peiró (Por qué volvías cada verano (2018) y Donde no hago pie - 2021-), considerando la forma en que, en ambas, es posible percibir cierta captura de debates presentes en el imaginario público actual, así como su exploración narrativa. Una hipótesis importante de la propuesta de investigación es que la tensión creada por la apropiación de fuentes documentales por parte de muchas narrativas contemporáneas puede indicar un intento de redefinir el valor y nuevas fronteras para lo que entendemos como literatura en el presente. Así, se pretende tematizar la forma en que el giro documental (Klein, 2019; Contreras, 2018; Garramuño, 2019) puede ser la puerta de entrada a una interrogación sobre los peculiares modos en que se enredan las ficciones, y problematizar la idea misma de lo que llamamos realidad en el presente.
Properties and Applications of Bainitic Railway Steel Prepared by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Samanta Rahul , Bansal Gaurav Kumar , Ghosh Swarup Kumar , Mandal Gurudas
Published: February 2024

Researchers face a significant challenge in designing low-carbon bainite rail steel, which offers better mechanical properties and corrosion resistance than high-carbon pearlitic steel tracks. High-carbon bainitic steel takes a long time to manufacture, so low-carbon bainite steel is preferred for heavy-haul railway tracks due to its shorter production time and cost-effectiveness. The steel is prepared through a specific heat treatment process, and although carbide formation is limited at lower temperatures, precipitation hardening is used to improve its properties. Mechanical alloying with the elements like Si, Ni, and Co is also considered to enhance further the mechanical and chemical properties of the bainitic rail steel. This chapter aims to find an economical solution to reduce accidents caused by the failure of pearlitic steel and improve safety in rail transportation.
Introduction to Micro-Learnings and Micro-Credentials in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Omona Kizito , Mbabazi Scovia Ginny
Published: February 2024

Higher education is in a state of constant adaptation because of a variety of societal conditions and technological innovations. Changing demographics of learners, the rise in enrollment, increasing tuition, and the demands for an educated workforce appear to be at the forefront of this constant adaptation. Using a segmented approach, such as microlearning, provides the opportunity for institutions to offer an effective solution for a changing clientele. Conclusively, on one hand, higher educationists need to understand the relevance of utilizing new technologies in the classroom and their direct correlation with skill sets and competency. On the other hand, globally, micro-credentials are gaining traction as viable vehicles for rapid upskilling of workforce in the 21st century and potential pathways for gaining employment for many learners.
Finding Fearlessness
Authors: Ruffin Jean F.
Published: February 2024

This chapter examines the teaching and learning experiences of the instructor and students engaged in a cultural proficiency doctoral-level course. The author uses autoethnography to provide the readers with insight into the author's fears, frustrations, and overall approach to creating an environment conducive to fearless conversations. Careful attention is also given to student perceptions of the course content. The author offers practical suggestions for fearless teaching and encourages professors to be authentic, vulnerable, and bold as they work to develop inclusive classrooms where all voices are valued.
Fostering Pre-Service ESOL Teacher Candidates' Advocacy Through the Funds of Knowledge Approach
Authors: Hibbs Brian
Published: February 2024

This chapter overviews a pilot research study intended to document pre-service elementary education students' perspectives concerning a course unit on the funds of knowledge approach embedded within a culture and education ESOL course. The course unit consisted of a variety of readings, activities, and assignments designed to familiarize teacher candidates with the theory and practice of the funds of knowledge approach followed by a mixed-methods post-course questionnaire which collected information regarding students' views of the strengths and weaknesses of the course unit along with suggested areas for improving the course unit moving forward. Preliminary results suggest that, while students valued learning about the funds of knowledge approach and appreciated learning about different strategies and techniques they might use with English learners in their future classrooms, they would also like to have participated in more activities and seen more examples of the approach in action in K-5 classrooms.
Identifying New Vulnerabilities Embedded in Consumer Internet of Things (IoT) Devices
Authors: Mingo Horace C. , Lawson Misty Nicole , Williamson Amber C.
Published: February 2024

The internet of things (IoT) devices are gaining popularity in the consumer market, but they also pose security risks. This study examines the vulnerabilities of consumer devices connected to IoT, which can collect and share information that can be misused to trigger intelligent system decisions. The study uses the MITRE ATT&CK Framework definition of vulnerability classification, taxonomy, and risk assessment to investigate the scope, security rating, and scale of IoT consumer device vulnerabilities from 2018-2022. The research uses a quantitative approach, including data analysis, observation, and analytical research to evaluate the issue of identifying vulnerabilities of consumer IoT devices, privacy, and vulnerability characterization. The findings will provide new insights into a scalable IoT strategy.
Coordination Dynamics in Technology Adoption
Authors: Ogbo Ndidi Bianca , Han The Anh
Published: February 2024

The adoption of new technologies by firms is a fundamental driver of technological change, enhancing competitiveness across various industries. Recent advancements in information technologies have amplified the strategic significance of technology in the competitive landscape, reshaping global markets and the workplace. Technological innovation continues at a swift pace, but its success hinges on effective adoption. Embracing new technologies sets businesses apart, fostering innovation, and attracting customers and investors. However, the decision to adopt technology poses challenges, especially regarding which technologies to choose in a dynamical market. Firms often invest in technology to gain a competitive edge, potentially neglecting broader social benefits in the process. This chapter summarises the authors' research on evolutionary dynamics of decision making regarding technology adoption. They employ methods from Evolutionary Game Theory (EGT), exploring scenarios with well-mixed populations and distributed networked environments.
Fortifying Cloud Storage Using Hash Code
Authors: Ambika N.
Published: February 2024

The data owner has complete control over it under the previous paradigm. Data owners set smart contracts. In smart contracts, the data owner stores data hash. On data, Ethereum performs encryption. It is also in charge of creating data hashes. The data owner receives a request from the user. The data owner updates information in smart contracts. After that, smart contracts provide access permissions and duration to the data user. After that, users of data can access data stored in the cloud. The recommendation suggests tracing the user and his doings.
Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Application of Hybrid Nanomaterials
Authors: Vijayan Jyothy G. , Prabhu T. Niranjana
Published: February 2024

Nanomaterials are considered potential materials for the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. The combination of nanomaterials and biological science aids in the creation of innovative medical devices with broad uses. Nanomaterials are thought of as simple, non-intrusive, and affordable chemicals. The magnetic and optical properties of nanomaterials can be combined with their great sensitivity and selectivity towards the target. Nanomaterials are superior and essential in pharmaceutical applications due to their size-dependent characteristics. The biomedical field's understanding of the relationship between microorganisms and nanostructures is rapidly expanding. Nanomaterials are extremely useful in drug delivery because of their characteristics, such as small particle size, high surface area to volume ratios, big drug payloads, etc. The significance of nanoparticles in medicinal applications and regulatory views is covered in this chapter. The use of nanoscale materials in the treatment of infectious disorders is also covered in this chapter.
The “Subaltern” Will Speak
Authors: Khan Saad Ullah , Khan Sadaf , Mukherjee Tanushri
Published: February 2024

Popular culture reinforces dominant ideologies, maintaining existing power structures by normalizing specific beliefs and values. This results in the marginalization of certain social groups and distorted media representations. However, resistance movements and counter-narratives challenge these norms, particularly in postcolonial contexts where the concept of the 'subaltern' is prominent. The expansion of OTT platforms in India and Pakistan has stimulated conversations on sensitive topics and disrupted conventional entertainment. OTT series employ subaltern characters to shed light on the challenges, fostering a sense of empathy. India and Pakistan, despite their differences, share cultural similarities. This study compares the portrayal of 'subalterns' in both nations, analyzing the highly rated Indian web series, 'Dahaad,' and Pakistani series, 'Churails.' Guided by Gayatri Spivak's subaltern theory, the study assesses how these OTT series, whether fully or partially embracing this theory, contribute to equitable depictions of marginalized communities and enduring social change.
Rise of OTT Bengali Originals
Authors: Chakma Lokesh , Bhattacharyya Mausumi
Published: February 2024

This chapter delves into the dynamic landscape of over-the-top platforms, focusing on Bengali content, exploring their growth trajectory, unique initiatives, and content diversification. It highlights the emergence of ventures like Hoichoi, which has garnered widespread acclaim through its original and diverse subscription strategies. It underscores the role of quality content in attracting audiences and emphasizes the significance of stories. It discusses how regional content, including adaptations from literature, has succeeded, illustrating this with examples from Hoichoi's innovative projects. Furthermore, the chapter sheds light on the growing demand for women-centric narratives and how OTTs provide a platform for progressive portrayals of women's roles and issues. Despite the progress, the chapter acknowledges challenges, including the need for sustained originality and the expanding competition in the OTT sphere. In conclusion, it foresees a promising future for Bengali content on OTT platforms, driven by creative storytelling, audience preferences, and an evolving landscape.
The Rise of Digital Celebrities
Authors: Mitra Archan , Das Sayani
Published: February 2024

This article studies celebrity status in digital media, focusing on OTT platforms and social media. New fame paths have changed famous dynamics. This has changed content development, audience engagement, personal branding, and professional-personal boundaries. This study compares digital celebrities to film and television stars, and finds a complex world where renown is achieved by competence, deliberate online presence, and active audience connection. This study examines digital celebrities' professional trajectories, their capacity to migrate into traditional media, and OTT platform fame's future. The results show that digital fame requires constant ingenuity, flexibility, and digital pattern understanding. With more material and specialist personalities, over-the-top (OTT) platforms have a promising stardom potential. This study analyses modern celebrity culture and its potential effects on digital stardom.
Streaming Success
Authors: T. Sanjna Sebastian
Published: February 2024

Exploring the prosperous union of New Malayalam Cinema and OTT platforms, this chapter scrutinises the circumstances under which the former thrived on OTTs during the COVID-19 pandemic. It delves into Malayalee market trends, the content diversification incited by OTTs, and the expansion of New Malayalam Cinema's market. As it explores changing audience consumption patterns and the prospects of India's OTT landscape, it particularly accentuates Malayalam regional cinema. By providing examples of films that debuted on OTT platforms, such as C U Soon and Joji, the chapter offers an in-depth analysis, highlighting the success of this symbiotic relationship.
The Role of Virtual Collaborative Communities in Sustaining Rural Micro-Business Resilience
Authors: Attree Katherine J. , Kleinschafer Jodie L.
Published: February 2024

Across the world we are seeing the adverse impact of climate change including drought, floods, bushfires, and storms. Businesses in these areas are frequently heavily affected and struggle to survive in the face of reduced output, loss of vital infrastructure, and challenges to their operation. Evidence from the literature suggests that entrepreneurship may act as an antidote for communities facing social, economic, and climate challenges. Additionally, digital technology may provide the opportunity for businesses and organizations in these locations to harness digital affordances, establish new virtual communities of practice, and trial new entrepreneurial activities and innovative business opportunities. Using examples from the Australian context, this chapter explores how virtual collaborative communities can operate as digital entrepreneurial ecosystems to support the development, growth, and resilience of regional and rural micro-businesses in response to the adverse impacts of globalization and climate change.
Sustainable Smart Cities
Authors: del Mar Martínez-Bravo María , Labella-Fernández Ana
Published: February 2024

Research on sustainable cities, smart cities, and, more recently, sustainable smart cities has gained great traction due to the current grand challenges that cities face. However, even if there are diverse and somehow coherent definitions available for sustainable cities and for smart cities, the definition of sustainable smart cities and the theoretical framework behind it remain underexplored. This gap hinders the effective deployment of policies and initiatives that successfully led cities to be sustainable and smart. The present study aims to address the ambiguity behind the term “sustainable smart cities” and to broaden the scope of the concept by suggesting that sustainable smart cities must be sustainability-coherent, consider limited growth and maximized awareness, and include the combination of bottom-up and top-down initiatives. This study aims to nurture the literature on urban sustainability and smartness and to give guidance for policy and decision makers in their journey towards sustainable smart cities.
Digital Technologies for Advancing Future Municipal Solid Waste Collection Services
Authors: Bošković Goran , Cvetanović Angelina M. , Jovičić Nebojša , Jovanović Aleksandra , Jovičić Miloš , Milojević Saša
Published: February 2024

This chapter addresses the critical need for enhancing energy efficiency and economic rationale in municipal solid waste (MSW) management, focusing on collection and transportation – the costliest segments. Utilizing digital technologies, including GIS, IoT, and data analytics, the authors develop a practical methodology for optimizing waste collection and transportation processes, particularly in developing countries. The study tests this methodology in 11 Serbian municipalities, demonstrating significant travel distance and time reductions through optimized routes compared to existing ones. Reduction in total distance travelled ranges from 5.1 to 15.1%, depending on the municipality. These optimizations lead to reduced energy consumption, environmental preservation, improved service quality, and the promotion of circular economy practices. This chapter highlights the importance of digital technologies in MSW management, offering a model that can be adapted to various municipal sizes and contexts, thus presenting a scalable and sustainable approach to modern waste management challenges.
Overcoming the Rubric Paradox
Authors: Martinez Julia A.
Published: February 2024

College graduates appear to be struggling to find and retain their jobs today. Alarmingly, many graduates report they did not develop employable skills in college. The reasons for this predicament may be due to generational factors, growing mental health issues, and what the present chapter will term the “rubric paradox.” That is, rubrics are used widely in college to mitigate student stress, though the stress reappears later when there are no rubrics for other more ineffable aspects of life and success. The chapter considers how to build a better employment future for college graduates by overcoming the rubric paradox. Solutions will be presented that can be implemented by both administrators and individual educators. Pre-tenure and contingent faculty contexts are highlighted throughout.
Present-Day Human Resource Management (HRM) Hiring Processes
Authors: Pendse Meenal K. , Vaidya Mihir , Kotak Mansi
Published: February 2024

Human resource management (HRM) hiring practices have changed substantially to accommodate new technologies, company needs, and applicant expectations. Technology-enabled methods have superseded or simplified traditional ones. This includes applicant tracking systems (ATS) to manage applications via AI-driven resume screening to find qualified candidates and video interviews for remote evaluation. To attract more talent, employer branding, application experience, and diversity and inclusion are prioritized. Current HRM hiring practices prioritize speed, diversity, and digital compatibility. Organizations must be formed to provide high-quality products through effective HRM. E-HRM as an implementation support system (ISS) improves human resource utilization and creativity. E-HRM connects communication and talent identification for speedy skill evaluation and identification. Many companies use this new technology to manage HR processes, operations, and data online. The chapter addresses new HRM recruitment practices, their advantages and cons, and HRM's future.
From Traditional Career Services to Intelligent Systems for Career Guidance
Authors: Dascalu Maria-Iuliana , Bodea Constanţa-Nicoleta , Stanica Iulia-Cristina , Mitrea Dan Alexandru , Hainagiu Simona Magdalena , Neagu Simona Nicoleta , Ursachi Tudor Mihai
Published: February 2024

Several employment challenges may be overcome with career services, among other actions provided by higher education institutions. The chapter analyzes the diversity of career services that are usually delivered by the career guidance centers organized within higher education institutions. Many examples of career services are provided, based on the professional expertise of the authors, involved in developing career services with their university as well as at the regional level. The analysis is conducted using different service characteristics such as the following: novelty, duration, format, communication, feedback, digitalized degree, and requiring specialists' supervision. Based on this analysis, several conclusions are drawn, including recommendations for efficient organization of the career guidance centers within higher education institutions.
Advancing Student Employability Through Higher Education Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications
Authors: Ndhlovu-Nemaxwi Nomvula J. , Goosen Leila
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study in this chapter is to answer the primary research question: “What can be learned from a study of a comprehensive open and distance e-learning institution (CODeL) in South Africa about the use of artificial intelligence in education (AIEd) applications to enhance teaching and learning in higher education?” Against the background of advancing student employability through higher education, the chapter discusses international business staffing challenges, as well as the past, present, and future of higher education.
Interplay Between the Big Five Personality Traits and Oral Presentation Skills
Authors: Das Tapan Kumar , Lakshmi D.
Published: February 2024

The innate ability to perform effectively during an oral presentation is an important skill to evaluate when testing the personality traits of engineering undergraduate students. The importance of oral presentation when assessing the personality of a candidate has been realized. The intention of this study is to investigate the significance of personality in students' oral presentation performance. Questionnaires based on the big five dimensions of personality traits were formulated, and it was responded to by 215 non-English engineering students. Furthermore, these five dimensions are represented with ten different archetypes. The probable combinations of these 10 archetypes resulted in 32 personality types. On the other hand, the presentation skills and other associated parameters of all 215 respondents were assessed by 24 jurors spread over 12 tracks. From the result, the specific personality type achieving best competencies in technical presentation has been identified. Additionally, the training model for disparate personalities has also been framed.
Interventions to Help Students Find a Deeper Purpose During Their Academic Journey
Authors: William Aby Alex , Nanjundan Preethi , Thomas Jinta
Published: February 2024

This comprehensive exploration delves deeply into academic interventions aimed at guiding students toward a more profound sense of purpose throughout their educational journeys. It emphasizes that education offers a unique opportunity for students to discover their passions, interests, and aspirations beyond textbooks and exams. The interventions discussed, including mentorship, career counseling, experiential learning, and self-discovery exercises, are meticulously designed to empower students to recognize their distinct strengths and interests. These interventions not only aim to facilitate academic excellence but also enable students to pursue careers aligned with their core values and aspirations. The exploration scrutinizes effective strategies, programs, and support mechanisms, addressing challenges students face when making career choices, and culminates in recommendations for educators, career counselors, and policymakers interested in enriching students' educational experiences and fostering purpose-driven learners.
Early screening for preeclampsia: A myth or a reality?
Authors: Logeeswaran S. , Jayawardane I. A. , Logenthiran P. V.
Published: February 2024

Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy affecting 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. PE is characterized by hypertension and end-organ damage secondary to oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and vasoconstriction. The pathophysiology of the disease being elusive, early screening, diagnosis, and effective management of PE is challenging. Traditionally several predictive models including clinical and biochemical parameters have been used to stratify the risk of developing PE in pregnancy. Poor sensitivity and specificity of these models have been a limitation and has inspired the clinical world to explore more tools to screen and diagnose PE prior to the onset of clinical syndrome. This review attempts to highlight the recent developments in the newly developed screening tools and explores the future direction of preeclampsia screening research.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a postpartum woman with late-onset preeclampsia
Authors: Ranasingha K. , Bandara K.
Published: February 2024

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neuroradiological condition characterized by vasogenic oedema of subcortical white matter, primarily affecting the posterior cerebral hemispheres. We present a remarkable case of PRES in a 28-year-old primigravida with late-onset preeclampsia, following an elective caesarean section for major degree placenta previa. Despite immediate management, the patient experienced persistent symptoms, prompting neuroimaging that confirmed the diagnosis. Prompt action led to a favourable outcome in this patient, who remained asymptomatic with no neurological impairment during the six-month follow-up. Notably, postpartum preeclampsia itself is infrequent, with researchers estimating its occurrence in approximately 4% to 6% of women diagnosed with preeclampsia and eclampsia during the postpartum period. Within this subset, PRES is an exceedingly uncommon complication, further underscoring its rarity. Prompt recognition and management are crucial, given the uniqueness of this presentation, to ensure a favourable outcome.
Efficacy and Safety of IDegAsp in a Real-World Korean Population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kang Shinae , Ahn Yu-Bae , Oh Tae Keun , Lee Won-Young , Chun Sung Wan , Bae Boram , Dahaoui Amine , Jeong Jin Sook , Jung Sungeun , Jang Hak Chul
Published: February 2024

Background: This study investigated the real-world efficacy and safety of insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) in Korean adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), whose insulin treatment was switched to IDegAsp.Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective, observational study comprising two 26-week treatment periods, before and after switching to IDegAsp, respectively. Korean adults with uncontrolled T2DM treated with basal or premix insulin (±oral antidiabetic drugs) were enrolled. The primary objective was to compare the degree of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) change in each 26-week observation period. The analyses included changes in HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight, proportion of participants achieving HbA1c <7.0%, hypoglycemic events, and total daily insulin dose (ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04656106).Results: In total, 196 adults (mean age, 65.95 years; mean T2DM duration, 18.99 years) were analyzed. The change in both HbA1c and FPG were significantly different between the pre-switching and the post-switching period (0.28% vs. –0.51%, P<0.001; 5.21 mg/dL vs. –23.10 mg/dL, P=0.005), respectively. After switching, the rate of achieving HbA1c <7.0% was significantly improved (5.10% at baseline vs. 11.22% with IDegAsp, P=0.012). No significant differences (before vs. after switching) were observed in body weight change, and total daily insulin dose. The rates of overall and severe hypoglycemia were similar in the two periods.Conclusion: In real-world clinical practice in Korea, the change of insulin regimen to IDegAsp was associated with an improvement in glycemic control without increase of hypoglycemia, supporting the use of IDegAsp for patients with T2DM uncontrolled with basal or premix insulin.
The Uncoiling Python: South African storytellers and resistance
Authors: Gagiano Annie
Published: February 2024

No abstract available.
Retired South African diplomat 1946-1984: Ambassador to the United States 1971-1975, Japan 1962-1964 and 1978-1984 and Representative to the United Nations in New York 1957-1958
Authors: Botha Frikkie
Published: February 2024

Edwin S. Munger,(1921-2010), professor of Political Geography at Caltech Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California was a renowned specialist on Africa, race and ethnic relations. In his scores of trips to the African continent, he visited every country and lived in South Africa and some others for extended periods. While he expressed opposition to race discrimination and the negative aspects of apartheid measures, he also strongly rejected violence and international pressures to isolate South Africa. He saw such pressures as counterproductive in affecting change. This article deals with his endeavour to build bridges of understanding between and with South Africans so as to bring about change in these policies and as a counter to the growing international pressures to impose harmful sanctions and isolation. It sketches the means by which Munger pursued his objectives through various organisations, among them the leader exchange programmes under US-SALEP, the African Studies Association, Nieman Fellowship Awards and the Cape of Good Hope Foundation.
Labour union voices in South Africa and arguments to scrap inflation targets – a historical and 21st Century debate
Authors: Mellet Andre
Published: February 2024

Inflasieteikens wat inflasieverwagtings anker, is die primêre doelwit van monetêre beleid van sentrale banke in ontwikkelde lande. Binne 21e eeuse debatte kritiseer vakbonde, en spesifiek Congress of South African Trade Unions, die regering dat die monetêre beleid ekonomiese groei en indiensname benadeel. In hierdie bespreking word die skrapping van inflasieteikens bespreek teen die agtergrond van ‘n historiese fokus rakende vakbonde en arbeid in Suid Afrika. Swart werkers het teen die toe-heersende wetlike gesag in die sewentiger jare gemobiliseer en die rol van vakbonde het gestalte in 1973 gekry met ‘n eerste groot staking in Durban. Die eertydse Wiehahn Kommissie het die rol van vakbonde ondersoek en wetgewing wat op die kommissie se verslag gevolg het, het kollektiewe bedinging meegebring. Die invloed van vakbonde het vanaf die tagtigerjare beduidend vergroot. Vakbonde en veral COSATU, is egter histories nie met suiwer vakbond aangeleenthede betrokke nie. Vakbonde en veral COSATU is aktief betrokke in politieke prosesse as alliansielid van die African National Congress regering, arbeidswetgewing en inspraak met makro ekonomiese beleid in Suid Afrika. Die rol van COSATU met betrekking tot monetêre beleid word onder die soeklig geplaas en hulle meer resente kritiek teen die beleid van inflasieteikens word bespreek. Die Ministerie van Finansies in die tyd van Minister van Finansies Trevor Manual het die beleid van inflasieteikens in 2000 geïmplementeer en onderskryf. Die daaropvolgende Minister van Finansies (Pravin Gordhan) het na die verkiesing van mnr Zuma as nuwe president in 2009 in sy eerste begrotingstoespraak in 2009 bevestig dat die Regering nie sal afwyk van die inflasieteikens beleid nie afgesien van voortdurende kritiek van COSATU.
The colony of Natal and the management of its Afrikaner subjects in the build-up to the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902)
Authors: Wassermann Johan
Published: February 2024

In die historiografie van die Anglo-Boereoorlog (1899–1902) het die vooroorlogse bestuur van Britse onderdane wat historiese, kulturele en bloed bande met die republieke gehad het tot dusver min aandag geniet. In die lig hiervan, word in die artikel die bestuur deur die Kolonie van Natal van hul Afrikaner onderdane, in die opbou tot die oorlog, onder die loep geneem. Deur gebruik te maak van ‘n teoretiese raamwerk met lojaliteit as ‘n fokus word die bestuur van Natal Afrikaners deur die Natalse owerhede in terme van vuurwapen besit; betrokkenheid in die militêre magte en algemene optrede, ondersoek. Hoewel Natal Afrikaners, in die algemeen slegs dislojaal in woord en denke en nie in daad was nie, het die Natalse owerhede dit anders beskou. Vir laasgenoemde was ‘n simpatieke lojaliteit teenoor die republieke niks anders as ‘n dislojaliteit teenoor die Natalse en imperiale owerhede nie. As gevolg daarvan, ondanks die feit dat min bewyse daarvoor bestaan het, is Natal Afrikaners in die aanloop tot die oorlog deur hul regering gewantrou en met die uitbreek van die oorlog versaak.
Japie Neser: Cape colonial and Afrikaner rebel, 1899-1902 and beyond
Authors: Wessels André
Published: February 2024

Jacob Petrus (“Japie”) Neser (1873-1959) is een van die minder bekende Kaapse koloniale rebelle en bevelvoerders van die Anglo-Boereoorlog wat vanaf 1899 tot 1902 in Suid-Afrika gewoed het. Dit is die doel van hierdie artikel om in besonder die fokus op die doen en late van ‘n gewone rebel, wat later tot ‘n offisiersrang bevorder is, te plaas, ten einde sy optrede aan ‘n breër leserspubliek bekend te stel, en tegelyk ook die aard van die guerrillastryd in die Kaapkolonie tydens die oorlog te belig. Neser het teen die einde van Oktober 1899 by die Boeremagte aangesluit en aan die Colesbergfront geveg. Nadat die Boeremagte aan die Kaapkolonie onttrek het, het Neser na die Transvaal gegaan, waarna hy na die Oranje-Vrystaat teruggekeer het en in SeptemberNovember 1900 ’n spioenasietog na die noordoostelike Kaapkolonie onderneem het. In Desember 1900 het hy weer eens na die Kaapkolonie teruggekeer, dié keer as deel van genl. JBM Hertzog se invalsmag. Later is hy as veldkornet in die rebellekommando van kmdt. Hendrik Lategan aangestel en met verloop van tyd is hy in bevel van sy eie kommando Kaapse rebelle geplaas. Deur swart en bruin persone wat aan die kant van die Britte geveg het, na gevangeneming summier tereg te stel, het Neser ’n gevreesde maar ook hoogs omstrede bevelvoerder geword. Gevolglik, toe vrede gesluit is, het Neser in selfopgelegde ballingskap na Europa uitgewyk ten einde vervolging te ontduik. Hy het in 1904 na Suid-Afrika teruggekeer en aan die rebellie van 1914 tot 1915 deelgeneem.
Exploring aspects of the water history of the Potchefstroom region and the local management of it
Authors: Annandale Elrista , Nealer Eric
Published: February 2024

It is by now common knowledge that South Africa is a water scarce country and that the correct public management of its potable water sources such as the transportation of it as well as the purification of the used water is of utmost importance. In the history of South Africa, the supply of potable water and basic sanitation services to all the inhabitants has never been higher on the national, provincial and especially the local government sphere agendas than since the end of April 1994. Even though the Mooi River valley area has always been described as water rich, it might in the near future be described as “water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink”! The city of Potchefstroom gathers its potable water from surface- and groundwater in the Mooi River Catchment. The water is collected, stored and released from the Boskop Dam from where it is transported in a 12km long open-on-top cement canal to the water purification works of the City. In an ad hoc field visit by the authors, it was discovered that the water canal is broken and being polluted in a variety of ways before it reaches the purification works. Improvement of this inefficient management situation is also currently quite impossible seeing that the Department of Water Affairs’ workforce has declined to a mere 20 people to maintain the whole of the Mooi River valley.The article starts off with a historical water related background of Potchefstroom identifying some historical happenings and developments of importance with reference to the development related to Potchefstroom and especially the source and transport of its potable water. Thereafter the article highlights some important water resources related legislation, which is obviously not being adhered to. Important role-players involved with the public management of the potable water supply for the city residents of Potchefstroom are furthermore identified. Lastly the way forward is addressed and some recommendations on the improvement of the transport of the City’s potable water through the dolomite underlain area are given.
“In what way are gay men actually harmful to society?” Exploring the evidence on the feasibility of amendments to the Sexual Offences Act 23 of 1957
Authors: Grundlingh Louis
Published: February 2024

Prompted by a perception that a gay sub-culture developed in the major urban areas of South Africa, and that this formed a threat to state security and to the established mores of society, the Minister of Justice, PC Pelser, appointed a Parliamentary Select Committee in 1968. The essence of the task given to the Select Committee was to provide clarity to the Department of Justice about a definition of homosexual acts as well as the causes, manifestations and extent of these practices. In addition, the Committee had to ascertain whether South African society was ready to decriminalise sodomy and “unnatural” sexual practices. A major concern was whether gay men were a danger to minors. The Committee received numerous written submissions and held regular meetings to hear oral testimonies, which covered a wide spectrum of opinions and issues. Representatives of the South African Police and the Afrikaans churches vehemently opposed homosexuality and homosexual activities. Ministers from the English churches pleaded for tolerance but with very specific preconditions. The position of the lawyers, psychiatrists and psychologists was clear: that homosexuality was not a threat, could not be “cured” and should be accepted. The investigation resulted in widespread debate, revealing facets of the moral dynamics of white South African society in the 1960s. Inter alia, issues such as the right of the state to make laws on morality and intrude on the privacy of individuals, diverse interpretations of the Bible, the level of intolerance for the “other” and the apparent difficulties to enforce any amendments to the Act - as far as homosexuality was concerned - were raised. By emphasising these issues, the intention of this article is to give an indication as to what extent gay white men were tolerated. To realize this, a discussion of the context of a very strong conservative government that underpinned the activities of Select Committee was essential. The upshot was that the deep-rooted conservatism of the state prevailed, finding expression in harsher and specific measures in the Immorality Amendment Act of 1969. The strong arguments from some church representatives, as well as the medical and legal fraternities, were discarded. Clearly the time was not yet ripe for liberalising sexuality in South Africa. Research for this article relied on the extensive testimonies before the Select Commission as published in its final report. In addition, relevant submissions in the Gay and Lesbian Archive at the University of the Witwatersrand helped to form a comprehensive picture and made qualitative analysis possible.
Vereniger en opheffer: Die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk in Rhodesië (1890-2007)
Authors: Hendrich Gustav
Published: February 2024

In the missionary and church history of Rhodesia (present day Zimbabwe) the Dutch Reformed church did not concentrate exclusively on the unity of the local Afrikaner community, but also played a pivotal role in the upliftment of the indigenous population. Ever since the coming into being of Rhodesia during the 1890’s, Afrikaner immigrants had brought with them their Christian values and religion. Rhodesia being pre-eminently an Englishspeaking colony of the British Empire until 1965, the Dutch Reformed Church considered it necessary to serve its Afrikaner members, thereby acting as a stronghold against Anglicisation and assimilation. Since 1895 Dutch Reformed congregations were established across the entire country as a reflection of their fellow countrymen in Africa. Between 1890 and 1980 the Dutch Reformed Church in Rhodesia would play an instrumental role in the spiritual life of many Afrikaners. At the same time the Dutch Reformed Church extended its missionary work to the black people – not merely to convert them to the Christian-Calvinist faith, but also to uplift them socioeconomically by means of education and the establishment of self-sufficient congregations. In this article the two-fold role of the Dutch Reformed Church in Rhodesia in unifying and uplifting both Afrikaners and indigenous peoples is analised.
Assessing the past and the present role of the National Nuclear Regulator as a public protector against potential health injuries: The West and Far West Rand as case study
Authors: Liefferink Mariette
Published: February 2024

Recent national and international news media articles and television programmes, official public domain Government and peer reviewed academic reports drew the international and national public’s attention to the health risks and hazards and impacts pertaining to uraniferous waste from the gold mining industry within the Witwatersrand goldfields and the role of the National Nuclear Regulator (NNR) in this regard. The Dutch research organizations’ Wise and Somo’s recent report, entitled “Uranium from Africa – mitigation of uranium impacts on society and environment by industry and governments” found that that the lack of knowledge within institutions and lack of proper environmental management systems, both in industry and in the government, “render South Africa a poor example of environmental and human health protection….The government is failing.” It is especially the poor, the disempowered and the vulnerable members of mining communities that bear the highest risks and impacts. These communities have low adaptive capacity because of chronic and acute malnutrition and high HIV/Aids percentages. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently estimated that 34% of all childhood illness in the world (compared to 24% of all age illness) and 36% of deaths in children under age 14 are due to modifiable environmental factors. As with many illnesses, genes may create a loaded gun, but environment pulls the trigger. However, determining how impacts from gold mining waste within the West and Far West Rand as part of the Witwatersrand goldfields influence or determine human health is a challenge. This is due to the social, cultural and economic conditions (thus their broader well-being status) which influence the vulnerability of communities, and subsequently their resilience. The focus of the discussion will relate to this area and the NNR’s role – past and present – as public health protector in this area per se.
CV Bate, grondlegger van die Potchefstroom Herald
Authors: Gouws H.S. , Froneman Johannes D.
Published: February 2024

The British-born newspaperman CV Bate founded the Potchefstroom Herald in 1908. He remained owner for 49 years during which time he established not only the paper but himself as a journalist of some repute. As a news medium Bate’s Potchefstroom Herald covered all the major international and national events, without neglecting the community news of an ever-changing Potchefstroom. He was also a crafty businessman and compassionate member of a community that did not always share his pro-British political views. More important was his strong support for reconciliation between the Afrikaans- and English-speaking South Africans. In support of this ideal, he established an Afrikaans paper, the Westelike Stem. While Bate’s sentiments left its marks on his reporting, his integrity was above reproach and he notably gave due prominence to the victory of the National Party in 1948 and the new prime minister’s visit to Potchefstroom. Subsequent to Bate’s retirement, his papers fell into the hands of Afrikaners who eventually transformed the Potchefstroom Herald into a predominantly Afrikaans publication. But when the Potchefstroom Herald celebrated its centenary, the paper had perhaps become what Bate always intended: a non-ideological paper that tried to serve the whole community of Potchefstroom. The Potchefstroom Herald thus remains a monument to one man’s tenacity and spirit.
Business, State and Society - doing business apartheid style: The case of Pep Stores Peninsula Limited
Authors: Ehlers Anton
Published: February 2024

This article uses the Pep Stores Peninsula Ltd case study (1973-1974) as a window on State-Business relationships during apartheid and to highlight the dynamics and outcomes generated by the combination of state controlled ideologically driven race based economic empowerment in tandem with corporate market driven initiatives. In the process it also sheds light on the role of Business during apartheid and the way they negotiated the apartheid context – in this case with specific reference to Coloured economic development and empowerment. The case study also underscores the viewpoint that the roots of black economic empowerment – despite the differences in context, aims and scale - in South Africa stretches back further than the much publicized post-1990 version that currently dominates State – Business relationships and debates.
“Thinking your journal unimportant”: A feminist literary analysis of selected excerpts from Lady Anne Barnard’s Cape diaries
Authors: Murray Jessica
Published: February 2024

This article offers a feminist literary analysis of selected excerpts from the diaries that Lady Anne Barnard wrote during her stay at the Cape Colony from 1797 until 1802. Lady Anne was, by all accounts, an extremely productive writer and correspondent who left behind a wealth of material at the time of her death on 6 May 1825. The article argues that diaries can provide valuable insights about gendered constructions at different historical moments and about how individual women navigated such gendered structures in their daily lives. The textual specificities of diaries require that researchers adjust our reading strategies to meet the demands of these texts. Lady Anne emerges as a complex subject who is both subversive and constrained in her negotiations with gendered constructions of “proper” female roles and behaviour. Even as she challenges these constructions, she also appears to have internalized them, at least partly.
“It would be well now to wind up this rebel business sharp”: The post-Anglo-Boer War management of the Natal rebels
Authors: Wassermann Johan
Published: February 2024

Any post-war society is characterised by complex relationships. Natal society after the conclusion of the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902) was no different. In this article the post-war relations between the Natal rebels and the Natal and Imperial governments are examined with specific emphasis on how the rebels were managed. The Natal government initially foregrounded its autonomy and insisted on legally managing the rebels accordingly. However, the agreements reached during the peace negotiations forced the Imperial government to put pressure on the Natal government to adopt a more pragmatic approach. With the adoption of this approach, the Imperial government withdrew from the process and left it to the Natal government to further manage the rebels. This was done by systematically releasing some convicted rebels for managerial rather than conciliatory reasons. What the Natal government, however, could not achieve was to convince the rebels still on free-footing in the former Boer republics to hand themselves over to be tried for high treason. In the end the Natal government had to, so as to ensure the managerial workings of the colony, capitulate and grant full amnesty to all rebels.