bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Semiconductor Morphology on Photocatalytic Activity of Plasmonic Photocatalysts: Titanate Nanowires and Octahedral Anatase Nanoparticles
Authors: Wei Zhishun , Endo-Kimura Maya , Wang Kunlei , Colbeau-Justin Christophe , Kowalska Ewa
Published: October 2019

Octahedral anatase particles (OAP) with eight exposed and thermodynamically most stable (101) facets were prepared by an ultrasonication-hydrothermal (US-HT) reaction from potassium titanate nanowires (TNW). The precursor (TNW) and the product (OAP) of US-HT reaction were modified with nanoparticles of noble metals (Au, Ag or Pt) by photodeposition. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC). The photocatalytic activity was investigated in three reaction systems, i.e., anaerobic dehydrogenation of methanol and oxidative decomposition of acetic acid under UV/vis irradiation, and oxidation of 2-propanol under vis irradiation. It was found that hydrogen liberation correlated with work function of metals, and thus the most active were platinum-modified samples. Photocatalytic activities of bare and modified OAP samples were much higher than those of TNW samples, probably due to anatase presence, higher crystallinity and electron mobility in faceted NPs. Interestingly, noble metals showed different influence on the activity depending on the semiconductor support, i.e., gold-modified TNW and platinum-modified OAP exhibited the highest activity for acetic acid decomposition, whereas silver- and gold-modified samples were the most active under vis irradiation, respectively. It is proposed that the form of noble metal (metallic vs. oxidized) as well as the morphology (well-organized vs. uncontrolled) have a critical effect on the overall photocatalytic performance. TRMC analysis confirmed that fast electron transfer to noble metal is a key factor for UV activity. It is proposed that the efficiency of plasmonic photocatalysis (under vis irradiation) depends on the oxidation form of metal (zero-valent preferable), photoabsorption properties (broad localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)), kind of metal (silver) and counteraction of “hot” electrons back transfer to noble metal NPs (by controlled morphology and high crystallinity).
Advancing Pharmacist Collaborative Care within Academic Health Systems
Authors: Awdishu Linda , Singh Renu F. , Saunders Ila , Yam Felix K. , Hirsch Jan D. , Lorentz Sarah , Atayee Rabia S. , Ma Joseph D. , Tsunoda Shirley M. , Namba Jennifer , Mnatzaganian Christina L. , Painter Nathan A. , Watanabe Jonathan H. , Lee Kelly C. , Daniels Charles E. , Morello Candis M.
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The scope of pharmacy practice has evolved over the last few decades to focus on the optimization of medication therapy. Despite this positive impact, the lack of reimbursement remains a significant barrier to the implementation of innovative pharmacist practice models. Summary: We describe the successful development, implementation and outcomes of three types of pharmacist collaborative care models: (1) a pharmacist with physician oversight, (2) pharmacist–interprofessional teams and (3) physician–pharmacist teams. The outcome measurement of these pharmacist care models varied from the design phase to patient volume measurement and to comprehensive quality dashboards. All of these practice models have been successfully funded by affiliated health systems or grants. Conclusions: The expansion of pharmacist services delivered by clinical faculty has several benefits to affiliated health systems: (1) significant improvements in patient care quality, (2) access to experts in specialty areas, and (3) the dissemination of outcomes with national and international recognition, increasing the visibility of the health system.
Wildfires on the Mongolian Plateau: Identifying Drivers and Spatial Distributions to Predict Wildfire Probability
Authors: Rihan Wu , Zhao Jianjun , Zhang Hongyan , Guo Xiaoyi , Ying Hong , Deng Guorong , Li Hui
Published: October 2019

With climate change, significant fluctuations in wildfires have been observed on the Mongolian Plateau. The ability to predict the distribution of wildfires in the context of climate change plays a critical role in wildfire management and ecosystem maintenance. In this paper, Ripley’s K function and a Random Forest (RF) model were applied to analyse the spatial patterns and main influencing factors affecting the occurrence of wildfire on the Mongolian Plateau. The results showed that the wildfires were mainly clustered in space due to the combination of influencing factors. The distance scale is less than 1/2 of the length of the Mongolian Plateau; that is, it does not experience boundary effects in the study area and it meets the requirements of Ripley’s K function. Among the driving factors, the fraction of vegetation coverage (FVC), land use degree (La), elevation, precipitation (pre), wet day frequency (wet), and maximum temperature (tmx) had the greatest influences, while the aspect had the lowest influence. The likelihood of fire was mainly concentrated in the northern, eastern, and southern parts of the Mongolian Plateau and in the border area between the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia) and Mongolian People’s Republic (Mongolia), and wildfires did not occur or occurred less frequently in the hinterland area. The fitting results of the RF model showed a prediction accuracy exceeding 90%, which indicates that the model has a high ability to predict wildfire occurrences on the Mongolian Plateau. This study can provide a reference for predictions and decision-making related to wildfires on the Mongolian Plateau.
Satellite Edge Computing for the Internet of Things in Aerospace
Authors: Wang Yuxuan , Yang Jun , Guo Xiye , Qu Zhi
Published: October 2019

As one of the information industry’s future development directions, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely used. In order to reduce the pressure on the network caused by the long distance between the processing platform and the terminal, edge computing provides a new paradigm for IoT applications. In many scenarios, the IoT devices are distributed in remote areas or extreme terrain and cannot be accessed directly through the terrestrial network, and data transmission can only be achieved via satellite. However, traditional satellites are highly customized, and on-board resources are designed for specific applications rather than universal computing. Therefore, we propose to transform the traditional satellite into a space edge computing node. It can dynamically load software in orbit, flexibly share on-board resources, and provide services coordinated with the cloud. The corresponding hardware structure and software architecture of the satellite is presented. Through the modeling analysis and simulation experiments of the application scenarios, the results show that the space edge computing system takes less time and consumes less energy than the traditional satellite constellation. The quality of service is mainly related to the number of satellites, satellite performance, and task offloading strategy.
Effects of Cover Cropping on Microbial Communities Associated with Heterodera schachtii and Nematode Virulence
Authors: Haj Nuaima Rasha , Heuer Holger , Westphal Andreas
Published: October 2019

Nematode-resistant cover crops can suppress populations of plant-parasitic nematodes. Samples of a loamy and a sandy loam soil were collected from two sugar beet fields in Lower Saxonia, northern Germany (“Jeinsen” and “Gross Munzel”) to measure the effects of cover cropping on the population genetic structure and infectivity of Heterodera schachtii as well as the composition of soil microbial communities. These fields allowed for a comparison of cover cropping with Brassica species resistant to Heterodera schachtii to fallow. In a series of radish bioassays with H. schachtii populations from Jeinsen and Gross Munzel, ratios of second-stage juveniles in roots per eggs in soil were higher in soil from under Brassica cropping than from under fallow. In denaturing gradient gelelectrophoresis, profiles of the parasitism gene vap1 differed between Brassica and fallow treatments in both populations. At Gross Munzel, microbes of soils and within nematode cysts differed between Brassica and fallow areas. Specifically, the frequency and occurrence of isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia and Exophiala salmonis were lower within the cysts from Brassica than from fallow treatments. Overall, cover cropping with resistant Brassica species affected the bacteria and fungi infecting the cysts and subsequently, the infectivity of the H. schachtii population. Cover crop effects on nematode virulence (vap1 gene) and microbial colonization of the cysts could affect long-term nematode population dynamics.
Nexus between Climate Change, Displacement and Conflict: Afghanistan Case
Authors: Přívara Andrej , Přívarová Magdaléna
Published: October 2019

The character, the motion and the proportion of environment-induced migration have radically changed in recent years. Environment-induced migration is an increasingly recognized fact and has become one of the main challenges of the 21st century, and needs to be focused on to ensure sustainable growth. This new stance is due to the changing character of environmental degradation. Global environmental issues, including climate change, loss of biodiversity, river and oceanic contamination, land degradation, drought, and the destruction of rainforests, are progressively stressing the earth’s ecosystems. Among these issues, climate change is one of the most severe threats. Climate change alone does not directly induce people to move but it generates harmful environmental effects and worsens present vulnerabilities. The current study aims to provide cornerstone links between the effects of climate change, migration decisions, displacement risk and conflicts in the example of Afghanistan, as a country that is extremely affected by both climate change and conflicts, and outline priority policy focuses to mitigate the current situation in the country.
Lossless Image Compression Techniques: A State-of-the-Art Survey
Authors: Rahman Md. Atiqur , Hamada Mohamed
Published: October 2019

Modern daily life activities result in a huge amount of data, which creates a big challenge for storing and communicating them. As an example, hospitals produce a huge amount of data on a daily basis, which makes a big challenge to store it in a limited storage or to communicate them through the restricted bandwidth over the Internet. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for more research in data compression and communication theory to deal with such challenges. Such research responds to the requirements of data transmission at high speed over networks. In this paper, we focus on deep analysis of the most common techniques in image compression. We present a detailed analysis of run-length, entropy and dictionary based lossless image compression algorithms with a common numeric example for a clear comparison. Following that, the state-of-the-art techniques are discussed based on some bench-marked images. Finally, we use standard metrics such as average code length (ACL), compression ratio (CR), pick signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), efficiency, encoding time (ET) and decoding time (DT) in order to measure the performance of the state-of-the-art techniques.
Conceptual Challenges on the Road to the Multiverse
Authors: Alonso-Serrano Ana , Jannes Gil
Published: October 2019

The current debate about a possible change of paradigm from a single universe to a multiverse scenario could have deep implications on our view of cosmology and of science in general. These implications therefore deserve to be analyzed from a fundamental conceptual level. We briefly review the different multiverse ideas, both historically and within contemporary physics. We then discuss several positions within philosophy of science with regard to scientific progress, and apply these to the multiverse debate. Finally, we construct some key concepts for a physical multiverse scenario and discuss the challenges this scenario has to deal with in order to provide a solid, testable theory.
St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.): A Review of its Chemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical properties
Authors: Mullaicharam AR , Halligudi Nirmala
Published: October 2019

St John's wort (also known as hypericum, millepertuis) is Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae, an herbaceous perennial plant native to Europe and Asia, and which has been introduced into the United States where it has naturalized (38). The chemical composition of St. John's wort has been well-studied. Documented pharmacological activities, including antidepressant, antiviral, and antibacterial effects, provide supporting evidence for several of the traditional uses stated for St John's wort. Many pharmacological activities appear to be attributable to hypericin and to the flavanoid constituents; hypericin is also reported to be responsible for the photosensitive reactions that have been documented for St. John's wort. This systematic review overviews the literature on the use of St. John’s Wort for chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties.
Le gîte d'axinite de Santa Rosa (municipe de Condeúba, État de Bahia, Brésil)
Authors: Cassedanne Jacques , Cassedanne Jeannine O. , Estrada Najla
Published: October 2019

Ce travail porte sur la description d'un gisement d'axinite localisé dans le sud de l'État de Bahia (Brésil), formé de veines de calcite recoupant une amphibolite en voie de serpentinisation ; le tout étant situé dans une zone broyée, encaissée dans des quartzites du Précambrien inférieur à moyen. En dehors de l'axinite, la paragenèse des veines comprend, dans un ciment de calcite : hornblende, amiante, épidote, antigorite, quartz et hyalite. Les cristaux d'axinite ont une morphologie simple et l'étude diffractométrique confirme l'absence de certaines formes courantes dans les gîtes classiques. Les propriétés physiques sont données ainsi que l'analyse chimique totale qui permet de noter une quantité exceptionnelle d'aluminium contrastant avec une déficience en fer et une absence presque totale de manganèse. Il semblerait donc que l'axinite de Santa Rosa soit une aluminoaxinite et non une ferroaxinite, ainsi que l'exigerait la nomenclature actuelle.
Hydrogen bonding in the crystalline state. Structure of talmessite, Ca2 (Mg, Co) (As O4)2.2H2O, and crystal chemistry of related minerals
Authors: Catti Michele , Ferraris Giovanni , Ivaldi Gabriella
Published: October 2019

The crystal structure of a talmessite from Bou-Azzer, Ca₂ (Mg₀,₆₅, Co₀,₃₅) (AsO₄)₂ • 2H₂O, was solved and refined (R = 0.081) in space group P[-1] by 979 reflections measured on an automatic single˗crystal diffractometer (MoKα radiation). The unit˗cell parameters are : a = 5.874 (7), b = 6.943 (11), c = 5.537 (6) Å, α = 97.3 (1), β = 108.7 (1), γ = 108.1 (2)° ; Z = 1. The structure is built up by alternating (110) layers of Ca and Mg coordination polyhedra, and is characterized by two unusually short [2.562 (15) and 2.613 (14) Å] hydrogen bonds donated by the H₂O molecule, which account for the high dehydration temperature (460° C) of this mineral. The triclinic minerals Ca₂Me (XO₄)₂ • 2H₂O (X = P or As), regarded as isostructural, are divided in two subgroups (fairfieldite and messelite ; collinsite, cassidyite, talmessite and β˗roselite) characterized by a closer isostructurality and distinguishable by the cell parameters. Thermal studies were performed on collinsite, fairfieldite and talmessite, showing a dehydration temperature increasing with the strength of hydrogen bonds.
A tárolási feltételek hatása a kukorica Fusarium fertőzöttségére és toxin szennyezettségére
Authors: Veres Edina , Borbély Mária , Győri Zoltán , Kátai János
Published: October 2019

Corn samples harvested in 1997, 1998 and 1999 from different soil types were stored at different conditions (temperature, moisture content, state of kernels) for six months. The Fusarium contamination was examined by plate dilution method and the amount of mycotoxins (F-2, T-2, HT-2, DON, DAS) were determined applying HPLC method immediately after harvesting and in the third and sixth month of storage. The aim of our study was to find correlation between the ecological factors, storage conditions and the examined parameters mentioned above, as well as to prove them statistically. According to the examinations carried out after harvesting we could state that the soil type had no effect on the parameters. Analysing the effect of the years we found considerable differences. The Fusarium infection of corn samples in 1998, while the toxin contamination in 1999 was the highest. The results of storage experiment show that year (number of microscopic fungi, F-2, T-2, HT-2, DAS and total toxin content) and moisture content of kernels (F-2, T-2, and total toxin content) have a significant effect on the examined parameters. We could prove the effect of temperature on the T-2 content (samples with natural moisture content) and DON content (samples with 14% moisture content). Higher values were found at higher temperature storage. The ratio of damaged kernels influenced the DON concentration in the non- wetted samples and the number of microscopic fungi in the wetted samples.
Economic Assessment of Biodiesel Production for Hungarian Farmers
Authors: Bai Attila
Published: October 2019

Utilisation of oil of plant origin as a fuel is gaining acceptance in the European Union and elsewhere. Besides environmental protection, energy saving, and decreasing over-production of food. Additionally, the subsidisation of farmers and the development of rural sub-regions also contribute to its spread. This study specifically focuses on the direct effects biodiesel's raw materials and final products are now having on farmers, while reviewing and quantifying these effects. I have purposely restricted my analysis to these two elements of the biodiesel chain.The biodiesel chain seems to be a great method for improving the economic and social position of participant farmers in many ways. Presently, the profitability of raw materials’ production looks to be the crucal point in the chain, and could be strengthened best with intensive, habitat-specific agrotechnic. It would only be possible to reach a favourable profit margin for farmers if yields reach unrealistic averages or if there is a significant hike of the 2000 producer’s price in the oil plant branch.The main attraction of sunflower- and oilseed rape production lies in the stabilization of market conditions, which is not only gong to appear in oil plant branch but – thanks to the reduction of outputs – also in the cereal branches. Better economic safety for farmers may play a role at least on the same level as in plant production, which involves more risks than profit maximalization.The reduction of the prime cost of biodiesel could be possible through the direct combustion of the whole oilseed plant or its residues or electricity production using them. Whereas energy demand for biodiesel production is low (appr. 5%) but it needs subsidization and the prices of natural gas and electrical energy presently look favourable in Hungary. Additionally harvesting and baling of the residues is technically problematic, which is why their use may seem to be reasonable just over the middle or long term. Another possible factor of cost reduction could be the centralization of some partial operations, which needs serious financial resources to reduce amortization cost per product, provided there be several biodiesel projects near each other during establishment. Creation and operation of a logistical system could also be a good method for improving the viability of the biodiesel chain, in order to optimize transport schedule and distances. However there are also some organizational difficulties in this case.
Connection Between Leadership and Communication
Authors: Dajnoki Krisztina
Published: October 2019

Discussing communicationis not an easy job as it is about one of the most important symptomps of life, which plays an important role in all social humanic processes. Ways and devices of communication, communicational system of society developed – while in constant connection – with daily activity, social relations, bodies and structure of society.Communication takes a prominent part in all forms of management. By the help of this article I would like to demonstrate what importance communication has according to literarure and what relationship can be experienced between communication and management. Is D’Aprix statement reliable saying “communication is management or more properly drafted management is communication”?!
Location of Retrograde Changes in the Nervous System Following Unilateral Sympathectomy in Sheep
Authors: Welento Janusz
Published: October 2019

Following unilateral right sympathectomy in sheep, it was found on the strength of retrograde changes in the anterior cervical ganglion, the stellate ganglion and neuromeres Th1 – Th4 that there exists a connection between the cervical sympathetic trunk and the vagus nerve.
Timing it right: The Measurement and Prediction of Flowering
Authors: Summerfiled R. J.
Published: October 2019

Although the model described here was developed from research in controlled environments, there is now considerable evidence that in can be applied to a very wide range of natural environments in several species. Multi-locational trials augmented by successional sowing and, if considered necessary, supplementary illumination in the field to increase daylength, can be used to estimate the values of the model coefficients: (1) to characterize germplasm collections and so predict flowering behaviour elsewhere; (2) for interpreting and understanding crop adaptation; and (3) for genetic analysis of photoperiod sensitivity. We do not yet know whether the model has any contribution to make to the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms of photoperiod and temperature responses, but at the very least, it should provide the basis for indicating the most appropriate environmental conditions, genotypes and physiological stage of the plants most suitable for such investigations.
Exploring Policy Options for a New Rural America: Conference Synthesis
Authors: Johnson S. R.
Published: October 2019

This Conference has more then lived up to its billing, exploring policy options for a new rural America but in addition identifying the basis for a new framework for rural policy. Evidence that a new policy framework is needed is abundant (Stauber). In one way or another, rural areas of North America and of most of the developed world have for at least the past century experienced secular decline compared to urban areas. This has occurred during a period of high government transfers or subsidies, both direct and from policy interventions that have distorted the functioning of markets. It is clear that the systemic discrepancy between rural and urban populations/areas is a public policy priority. It is just as clear that there has not been a consensus on how to address these development and economic issues. Much funding and technical assistance has been allocated with little apparent impact on the condition of rural areas and rural people.
Some Aspects of Globalization and Sustainable Development from a European Point of View with Special Regards to the Future of the Hungarian Animal Husbandry
Authors: Horn Péter
Published: October 2019

No abstract
Genetic and Practical Classifications of Hungarian Saline Soils (Contemporary Publication)
Authors: Arany Sándor
Published: October 2019

The first part of the paper treates possible ways of soil alkalisation and the differences due to the reaction of the medium, neutral or alkaline, respectively. Alkalisation may occur in any soil, independently of the type, or even in soil-like formations, if conditions are favorable. Alkali soils are so-called hydrogenetic formations, developed in part through water effects. Under conditions prevailing in Hungary two kinds of salt migration processes, opposite to one another, are observable, i.e.:1. Leaching downward, causing decrease in the base content of the upper layers,2. Capillary rise of salts, causing increases in base content of the upper layers.Accumulation of soluble salts usually takes place in the transition zone where these two processes get into contact with each other (Fig. 1).* A közlemény első ízben a Bukaresti Nemzetközi Talajtani Konferencián (1958. IX. 26-án) német nyelven: „Die genetische Klassifizierung der ungarischen Szikböden” címen hangzott el.As precipitation amounts in the Hungarian lowlands from 500 to 550 mm and causes leaching, true saline soils do not occur, except on some spots.Between the two extreme types – completely leached, and salinized where leaching is completely absent, respectively – there exists a long range of soils alkalised or salinized to various degrees. Thus the various types of alkali soils display an interdependence with one another as shown in Fig. 2.This interrelations may perform a base for the genetical classification of alkali soils of various properties and peculiarities. Summarising the facts stated above the paper offers a roughly, elaborated scheme for the classification of Hungarian alkali and saline soils, shown in a comprehensive table, the particulars of which are dicussed in the text. Thus the foundation is laid down for a detailed classification of alkali soils that later may become incorporated into an internationally approved system of alkali soils. The so-called practical classes of alkali soils – determined according to methods of reclamation – may be inserted into the delineated genetical system.
Political impressions in the novel “Bhagirathi Mathiyam”
Authors: M Dhanalakshmi
Published: October 2019

The novel ‘Bhagirathi Mathiyam’ gives various information about politics. As the story takes place during 1970s, depending only on that situation, belief evidences on the activities of the then Central and State Governments have been focused.
Uruthiporul in Seera puranam
Authors: P Nirmaladevi
Published: October 2019

It is mentioned that the epics should contain the four objectives worthy of human pursuit, namely, ‘aRam’ (ethics), ‘poruL’  (economy), ‘inpam’ (joy) and ‘viiDu’ (heaven). These four objectives are mentioned as ‘purusharthams’ in Sanskrit. Dharma, artha, kaama and moksha are the equivalents for aRam, poruL, inpam and viiDu. However, the concept of moksha is not found anywhere in the Sangam literature. It came into existence by the influence of Sanskrit and the literary writings of the northern writers. Raj Gowthaman is of the opinion that the ‘trivarkkam’ of the north tradition is called aRam, poruL and inpam in Tamil and the left out  ‘moksha’ in ‘chaturvitha purushartham’, i.e., the four objectives of human pursuit did not exist as ‘viiDu’ during Sangam period.   It could be said even clearly the concept of northern tradition based ‘moksha’ was not there with religious connotation in the Sangam society. Rebirth, heaven, elite, heavenly immortal, world of the dead,  world of deities-all are included in the poet’s poetic tradition’. Including the objectives of human pursuits in epics, a rule was set in the grammar. ‘Seera puranam’ talks about the first three objective of human pursuit. Except in Buddhism and Jainism, the concept of heaven could be found in all the religions. It is discussed in Vedic religions. Islam refers heaven as ‘the world of the dead’. Seera puranam mentions, however, all the four objectives.
Marxism on the inside
Authors: R Manikannan
Published: October 2019

We could understand that the research works on Tamil stories, in a way bring out a fine cross section of the Tamil society’s functioning spaces. The short stories of Rajendra Cholan, a person who travelled in a unique path and whom you cannot void in the history of Tamil short stories soaked in the philosophy of Marx and Ambedkar created his short stories in his own style. This paper studies the nature and the style the stories are depicted to suit the Tamil tradition and also how the ideology of Marxism plays the undercurrent of these stories.
A ideia de Aluno Veiculada nos Textos Sobre Educação: Um Estudo Entre Tradições, Memórias e Representações
Authors: Rosa Selma Almeida , De Oliveira Sandra Regina Ferreira
Published: October 2019

Este artigo trata acerca das ideias sobre alunos da escola pública, formuladas por pais e professores na contemporaneidade. Para tanto, recorreu-se, noano de 2013, à base de dados SciELO na busca por textos que abordassem temáticas relacionadas a dizeres sobre o aluno e circunscritos no campo da Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS). Os artigos selecionados foram analisados considerando o que apresentavam sobre o conceito de aluno, com o intuito de compreender como esses discursos podem interferir nas representações sociais do aprendiz acerca de si mesmo e do espaço escolar. A base para a tessitura das conclusões aqui apresentadas reside na triangulação entre elementos advindos da tradição, da memória e da históriaque reverberam, cotidianamente, na forma como compreendemos o aluno e a dinâmica do espaço escolar e de seus atores, aliados a aspectos da TRS. Essa discussão foi construída na confluência de duas ações desenvolvidasno Programa de Pós Graduação da Universidade Estadual de Londrina: a participação na disciplina História, Memória e Tradição: a Escola como Lugar de Pesquisa e a realização da pesquisa que resultou na dissertação intitulada Representações sociais de alunos da rede pública estadual de ensino sobre escola, escola pública e escola particular, finalizada no ano de 2015. Os resultados indicam que os discursos e as representações sobre os alunossão carregados de preconceitos e discriminações e que as permanências de certos rituais na escola contribuem para o fortalecendo de tais ideias.
Investigações Matemáticas nas Séries Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: Algumas Indagações e Possibilidades
Authors: Santos Anderson Oramisio , De Oliveira Guilherme Saramago
Published: October 2019

Os estudos em Educação Matemática realizados em diversos países mostram que as concepções e atitudes dos alunos sobre Matemática e a aprendizagem constituem um fator que interfere de forma positiva ou negativa com o modo como eles se envolvem em sala de aula. A literatura sobre investigações matemáticas, embora ainda recente no Brasil, tem evidenciado as potencialidades dessa estratégia metodológica no desenvolvimento do ensino e aprendizagem em Matemática. Assim essa pesquisa, aborda importantes reflexões sobre a importância educacional da Investigação Matemática nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, proporcionando aos professores o contato com essa metodologia e possibilidades que esta acorda na aprendizagem dos conceitos Matemáticos. A escolha do tema pela ausência abordagens e literaturas sobre o uso da Investigação Matemática como metodologia de ensino nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, nos cursos de formação de professores em especial nos cursos de Pedagogia, que formam professores para ministrar aulas de Matemática nas séries iniciais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica apoiada em teóricos que debruçam sobre as questões relativas à Investigação Matemática, Educação Matemática entre outras atividades Matemáticas. Constatou-se no interior da pesquisa que os benefícios das atividades de investigação, além de desenvolver Matemática numa perspectiva global, a realização de atividades investigativas ampliam as perspectivas dos estudos, tornando-as mais interessantes, uma vez que as atividades estão identificadas com as experiências de vida, suas opiniões, seus desejos, suas necessidades e interesses.Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Metodologia de InvestigaçãoMatemática. Ensino-Aprendizagem de Matemática.
THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE USE OF NHT TYPE AND STAD TYPE OF COOPERATIVE MODEL IN CONTEXTUAL APPROACH SETTING ON JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Setia Ujang Cahya
Published: October 2019

The low skill of students' mathematical understanding can affect the quality of students' learning which has an impact on the low achievement of students' in schools. One effort to improve the skill of understanding is by choosing and applying the model of learning that can enable students' eagerness to learn, namely cooperative learning model which can be used as an alternative learning model. Objectives to be gained in this study is to determine whether there is difference in the skill of mathematical understanding of junior high school students which use contextual approach setting cooperative learning model NHT type with STAD type on the subject of bangun ruang sisi datar. The method used in this research is subject experiments to students of SMP class VIII which is divided into two experimental groups, namely NHT type and STAD type. Teachers can develop cooperative learning model because it can improve students' learning outcomes. Teachers should experiment with learning methods more for the sake of the most appropriate and varied models selection. Key words: Mathematical understanding, Cooperative Learning, NHT, STAD
Özbek hikayelerinde millî azatlik hareketinin yansimasi
Authors: Bozorova Sabohat , Bozorova Ibodat
Published: October 2019

Özet: Eski Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılması sonucunda 15 cumhuriyet bağımsızlığına
kavuştu. Bağımsızlık ulusal benlik duygusunu daha da sağlamlaştırdı. Bu durum edebi-
yat alanında özellikle roman, hikâye, makale ve şiirlerde hemen hissedildi. 20. yüzyılın
sonlarına doğru 1991 yılında kazanılan bağımsızlığın etkisini birçok alanda değerlendi-
rip medenî ve ilmî çalışmalardaki neticelerini somut olarak görmek mümkündür. Edebî
eserlerdeki millî kahramanlar vasıtasıyla millî kimlik kazanmanın güzel örneklerini de
tespit etmek amacıyla bilimsel çalışmalar yapmak günümüzde daha da önem kazan-
mıştır. Halkın bilinçlenmesine katkı sağlamak, bağımsızlık gibi büyük değerin ehemmi-
yetini bütün kuşaklara kavratmak, bağımsızlığın ebedîleştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar
yapmak millî bir sorumluluktur. Araştırmamızın esas konusu işte bunlardır.
Anahtar kelimeler: bağımsızlık, millî benlik, millî kahramanlar, tarihî hikâye.

Аннотация: Советтер Союзу тарап, он беш республика өз алдынча эгемендүүлүккө ээ болду. Бул эгемендүүлүктүн келиши менен улуттук ар-намыс сезими ойгоно баштады. Мындай абал өзгөчө адабият айдыңында айталы, роман, уламыш, ырлар менен адабий макалаларда абдан жакшы чагылдырылып жатты. ХХ кылымдын акырында т.а. 1991-жылы ээ болгон эгемендүүлүктүн шаң-шөкөтүн маданий жана илимий багытта жазылган эмгектерден таасын көрө алабыз. Ада-
бий каармандар аркылуу улуттук аң-сезимди ойготкон эң чоң мисалдар пайда болду. Мындай жол-ыкма бүгүн да уланып келүүдө. Аң-сезимди ойготууда эгемендүүлүк сыяктуу улуттук баалуулуктарды кийинки муундарга түшүндүрүүгө жана эгемендүүлүктүн баасын адабият аркылуу көтөрүүгө багытталган эмгектерди жазуу улут алдындагы чоң милдеттердин бири эле. Биздин изилдөөбүздүн негизги максаты да ушул.
Түйүндүү сөздөр: Эгемендүүлүк, улуттук аң-сезим, улуттук каармандар, тарыхый окуялар.

Abstract: Disintegration of the former Soviet Union provided the independence of
15 republics. Independence strengthened the local pride. This situation was reflected in
literature in the first place. This article provides more details on this situation .
Key words: independence, national releases, national heroes, historical story.
Perspectives on the militarization of public security in contemporary Brazil
Authors: Souza Luís Antônio Francisco de , Serra Carlos Henrique Aguiar , Battibugli Thaís
Published: October 2019

Brazil still has not fully accomplished procedural democracy, despite being a formal democracy funded on a federal constitution and on an organized judicial system. The country has not been able to foster the principles of justice, peace, development, and equity for most of the population, and the state apparatus is restricted regarding social control, transparency, and effectiveness of public policies. This scenario resulted in the rise of violence, criminality, organized crime, and urban disorder, which has led to the militarization of public security both with the improvement of the military police’s structure and with the presence of the armed forces performing public security activities. This process of militarization has increased in the last two years, and for the first time since 1985, the military managed to ascend to the most powerful positions in the Brazilian government. This article discusses the militarization of public security in Brazil, pointing to the risks of a new and enduring process of militarization of Brazilian society, which still suffers from limited rights and lack of constitutional guarantees.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 7 SUNGAILIAT MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA TENTANG OPERASI HITUNG CAMPURAN MELALUI METODE DEMONSTRASI
Authors: Magnatis Udzah
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh keggiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan masih kurang baik dan hanya mengedepankan ceramah dalam proses pengetahuan sosial di SD, sehingga hasil pembelajaran yang dilakukan kurang baik. dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penggunaan metode demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 7 Sungailiat pada mata pelajaran maatematika materi operasional hitung campuran. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan 2 kali siklus perbaikan dalam pembelajaran. subjek yang digunakan yakni pelaku pembelajaran atau guru mata pelajaran matematika kemudian subjeknya adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 7 Sungailiat semester 1. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi, teknik wawancara, dan teknik dokumentasi. Dari penelitian didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut: Nilai rata-rata pada tahap prasiklus 55, Pada siklus I 65, dan pada siklus II 80. Ketuntasan belajar siswa siswa pada tahap prasiklus 8 orang siswa ( 38%),   pada siklus I 16 orang siswa ( 76 % ) dan pada siklus II 21 orang siswa ( 100% ). Keaktifan siswa pada prasiklus 8 orang siswa ( 38% ), siklus II 16 orang ( 76%) dan pada siklus II 20 orang siswa ( 95% ).  Kualaitas proses pembelajaran meningkat, seiring meningkatnya  ketrampilan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran.Dari hasil pelaksanaan Penelitian Tindalan Kelas, Siklus Pertama dan Kedua,  dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode demontrasi  dapat meningkatkan  prestasi prestasi belajar   Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 7 Sungailat Mata Pelajaran Matematika Tentang operasi Hitung Campuran
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS II MATA PELAJARAN PPKN MATERI KEBERAGAMAN ANGGOTA KELUARGA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF
Authors: Ratina
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini ditulis berdasarkan hasil studi lapangan bahwa proses pembelajaran yang kurang efektif sehingga perlunya pembelajaran yang dapat menunjang tingkat keberhasilan siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, dan aktivitas siswa dalam mata pelajaran PPKn, meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dengan menambah pengalaman dan pengetahuan dalam menerapkan model dan metode mengajar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas melalui 2 Siklus perbaikan pembelajaran, subjek pelaku pembelajaran guru PPKn kelas II, dan subjek penerima tindakan siswa kelas II semester I tahun pelajaran 2018 /2019 SD Negeri 7 Sungailiat. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui hasil evaluasi dan catatan observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini diantaranya: 1) hasil belajar bahwa nilai rata-rata siswa selama proses perbaikan dari Siklus 1 sampai Siklus 2 mengalami peningkatan hingga mencapai 92 Ketuntasan belajar siswa meningkat hingga 100 %; 2) Aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran interaktif meningkat dengan kriteria sekurang-kurangnya baik dengan skor maksimal 25; 3) Profesionalitas dan kemampuan guru dalam pembelajaran juga meningkat.  Dari hasil pelaksanaan PTK, Siklus pertama dan kedua,  dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran  Interaktif dapat meningkatkan  hasil belajar  Siswa Kelas II SD Negeri 7 Sungailiat pada materi Keberagaman Anggota Keluarga
TINJAUAN HISTORIS DAN FILOSOFIS PROBLEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL
Authors: MARYONO
Published: October 2019

Problema pendidikan nasional hingga saat ini terus mengkhawatirkan, pemerintah terlihat tertatih menyiapkan skema solusi, bahkan persoalan yang muncul tidak berbanding lurus dengan skema solusi yang dipersiapkan. Problem pendidikan bukan hanya pada dataran eksistensial namun juga pada persoalan substansial pendidikan. Pada level ontologis persoalan figure kependidikan seakan tiada henti untuk menorehkan permasalahan. Pemilihan pejabat kependidikan yang sering dipolitisir oleh para gubernur maupun bupati berdampak sistemik pada kualitas pendidikan. Pejabat pendidikan sering dipilih bukan karena kompetensi namun karena kedekatan politik, sebagai akibatnya banyak regulasi pendidikan yang overlapping karena dihasilkan oleh orang yang kurang kompeten, pembagian urusan pendidikan yang tidak proporsional dengan dana yang dianggarkan, keputusan yang tidak berbasis data sehingga memposisikan pendidikan menuju absurditas dan keremang-remangan masa depan. Pada level epistemologis kualitas pendidikan kita juga tidak pernah menembus peringkat yang bergengsi pendidikan dunia, kalah jauh dengan Singapura Negara mini yang luasnya hanya 700 km persegi karena dua universitasnya bisa menembus 200 perguruan bergengsi dunia. IPM kita juga tidak pernah beranjak dari angka ratusan (113 dari 188 negara) hal ini belum ditambah dengan output pendidikan yang kurang siap pakai di dunia kerja. Pada level aksiologis, orientasi pendidikan untuk mencari kebenaran sangat jauh panggang dari api. Hasrat pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dengan standard bahakan pelaksanaan UNAS beberapa waktu lalau sering direspon dengan tidak bermartabat oleh masyarakat. Orkestra ketidakjujuran dinyanyikan serempak, kompak dan sistemik bahkan didirigeni oleh guru dan pejabat pendidikan hanya untuk harga diri dan reputasi sekolah yang palsu, hingga akhirnya UNAS di putuskan bukan satu-satunya penentu kelulusan lagi. Paper ini tidak hendak memberikan vonis dan status hitam baik pada pemerintah maupun pada masyarakat namun berusaha menemukan entitas gelap yang menggerakkan dinamika negative pendidikan nasional.
MEDIA DULANG DAN TUDUNG SAJI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI METODE BERMAIN PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DIKELAS II SD NEGERI I PANGKALPINANG
Authors: ISHAK,M.Pd
Published: October 2019

Karya Inovasi Pembelajaran mengenai Media dulang dan tudung saji untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara dan hasil belajar siswa melalui metode bermain pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di kelasII SD Negeri 1 Pangkalpinang yang telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 10 April 2017, yang melatar belakangi penelitian ini adalah anakmasih mengalami kesulitan dalam mengembangkan keterampilan berbicara secara lisan dan hasil belajar masih sangat rendah. Penelitian Ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan ketrampilan berbicara secara lisan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas II. Metode yang digunakan adalah bermain, tanya jawab,pemberian tugas dan demontrasi,unjuk kerja. Subjek pelaku  adalah guru,dan subjek penerima tindakan adalah anak siswa kelas II SD Negeri I Pangkalpinang Tahun ajaran  2016/2017. Dari penerapan karya inovasi didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai rata-rata anak selama proses perbaikan daripra siklus nilai 50,siklus I nilai 70, dan siklus II nilai 83,dan mengalamipeningkatan yang signifikan. Dari hasil penerapan karya inovasi prasiklus I,dan siklus II disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaranMedia dulang dan tudung saji melalui metode bermain  dikelas II SD Negeri 1 Pangkalpinang pada Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia mengalami peningkatan keterampilan berbicara dan hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dan mencapai ketuntasan.
PERBEDAAN FREKUENSI LATIHAN SHOOTING DAN KOORDINASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENEMBAK FREETHROW BOLABASKET SISWA PUTRA SMP NEGERI 2 KABUPATEN BANGKA
Authors: ERICK PRAYOGO WALTON
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh antara latihan frekuensi 3 kali seminggu dan latihan frekuensi 4 kali seminggu terhadap kemampuan menembak free throw bolabasket. (2) untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh koordinasi rendah dan koordinasi tinggi terhadap kemampuan menembak free throw bolabasket. (3) untuk menguji interaksi antara metode frekuensi latihan shooting dan koordinasi terhadap kemampuan menembak free throw bolabasket. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan instrumen tes dan pengukuran. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler bolabasket di SMP Negeri 2 kabupaten Bangka. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian menggunakan uji anava. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode latihan shooting frekuensi 3 kali seminggu lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode latihan shooting frekuensi 4 kali seminggu terhadap keterampilan free throw. Perbedaan yang signifikan antara metode latihan shooting frekuensi 3 kali seminggu dan frekuensi 4 kali seminggu terhadap keterampilan free throw. Dengan Fo = 1122,099 > F tabel, pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Terdapat perbedaan antara koordinasi tinggi dan koordinasi rendah terhadap keterampilan free throw bolabasket yang signifikan Fo = 64,906 > F tabel, pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Ada interaksi yang signifikan antara metode latihan shooting frekuensi dan koordinasi terhadap keterampilan free throw bolabasket dengan Fo = 0,812 > F tabel pada taraf signifikansi 0,05.
INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA TO SUPPORT ENGLISH WRITING TASKS ACTIVITY AT HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Agci Hikmawati
Published: October 2019

This research is intended to develop writing tasks based on interactive multimedia using Adobe Flash CS3. The objectives of this research are to establish writing tasks based on suitable interactive multimedia for the tenth - grade students and to find out whether the design of interactive multimedia for the tenth - grade students is useful or not in teaching - learning process.This research type is research and development. The data were collected through questionnaires pre - test and post - test. The research procedure has the steps are as follows, the needs analysis phase concerns the collection of the data on the student's needs. The design phase deals with designing the interactive learning media. The development phase affects the development of the first draft of the interactive learning media, asking experts to judge and validate it. Validation involved two kinds of test, namely alpha and beta testing. Alpha testing involved material and content experts, and beta testing involved 19 students. The implementation phase deals with trying - out the interactive learning media in the class. The evaluation phase is where the interactive learning media evaluated through the feedback. Based on the data analysis, the research finding shows that the writing tasks based on interactive multimedia for the tenth-grade students are feasible. Feasibility of the interactive multimedia was very good. Percentage of assessment by the content expert reached 80.56%, the media expert 87% and the English teacher reached 85%, and based on the students' opinion reached 81%. The calculation of T - paired test showed that there was a difference in learning achievement between the pre-test and the post-test score 66.95 to 78.00 or 14.17%. It means that there is an increasing score and this interactive multimedia is effective.