bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi robotika untuk mingkatkan kemampuan motorik halus di SD Baiturrahman
Authors: Darmawan Irfan , Puspitasari Warih , Witjaksono R. Wahjoe , Gunawan Rohmat , Rahmatulloh Alam
Published: July 2023

Current formal education does not only focus on developing scientific and theoretical knowledge, but also pays attention to thought processes and behavior. Extracurricular activities are a means that can be optimized to improve thinking skills or behavior. Of the various kinds of extracurricular activities that exist, robotics is one of the new extracurricular activities, but is very much liked by students. Limited human resources who understand robotics and school support is one of the challenges in introducing robotics technology, especially for elementary school (SD) students. The solution to addressing this problem is that in this community service activity socialization and workshops on assembling robots for elementary school students are carried out. There are three main stages carried out in service activities: initial preparation, implementation, evaluation and reporting. Activities during the implementation of activities, begins with the introduction of robot components to be assembled. Participants in the activity totaling 37 students were divided into 6 groups. Each group was guided to follow the steps of assembling the robot, which consisted of: assembling several robot components and tightening the screws using a screwdriver, uploading the previously made computer program to the chip installed on the robot, activating the robot and controlling it via a smartphone. Partners filled out the questionnaire after the main activities were carried out. Partner responses to 6 statements related to the implementation of community service activities, on average giving a value in the category S = Agree, this means that partners agree and support this community service activity.
Pelatihan jaringan komputer dan keamanannya bagi dosen dan mahasiswa Dili Institute of Technology (DIT) di Undika Surabaya
Authors: Slamet Slamet
Published: July 2023

The Dili Institute of Technology (DIT) is a non-profit, community-based educational organization that focuses on meeting the higher education and vocational training needs of young people, veterans of the resistance, and the children of veterans. It is dedicated to providing general education and training that will help the country become more technically and commercially skilled, creating a workforce that can satisfy the needs of the corporate, public, and community sectors in Timor Leste. Its mission is to provide high-quality education and training based on international standards at undergraduate and postgraduate levels, and in professional training. To prepare students to obtain good qualifications and professions that are adequate to meet constraints, especially those related to network management skills and security measures. Class lecturers and computer laboratory assistants only know the theory of using computers, but lack advanced skills about networks and security to teach students. To deal with this problem, it is necessary to provide understanding and practice to DIT lecturers and students regarding computer networks and their security. The preparation of activities is carried out directly in a participatory manner so that lecturers and students can understand and implement the use of computer networks and their security. The result is training and understanding of network fundamentals for lecturers to transfer their skills to students, while students can deepen their knowledge in the field of networks and security systems. Practical skills in implementing this security using special devices from Cisco and Mikrotik.
Pelatihan navigasi berbasis Global Position System (GPS) dan aplikasi pemetaan kehutanan bagi masyarakat pengelolaan hutan adat Ghimbo Pomuan, Kampar, Riau
Authors: Ikhsani Hanifah , Ikhwan Muhammad , Lestari Ika
Published: July 2023

Sustainable forest utilization is one of the objectives of forest management activities. The participation of the community and parties in managing forests is optimal, especially in the Ghimbo Pomuan customary forest, which is very much needed in collecting data on customary forest resources. The survey activity is the collection of information about forest resources that requires the ability to navigate using GPS for customary forest communities as forest managers. Also, being able to operate mapping applications such as ArcGIS is very necessary in order to be able to know the potential of the area in a comprehensive manner. The activity method given to partners is delivering material, discussion, demonstration, and evaluation. Submission of materials on navigation in the forestry sector, use of GPS and mapping. After the material was delivered, it was followed by demonstrations on the use of GPS and mapping training. In this community service activity, mentoring and evaluation activities are also carried out to measure the level of knowledge and skills of partners before and after community service activities are carried out. Based on the results of community service activities that have been carried out, there has been an increase in the knowledge and understanding of the surrounding community about how to use GPS and ArcGIS for managers of the Ghimbo Pomuan Customary Forest area, from 43.33% ignorant and 36.11% ignorant to 93.34% knowledgeable and 6.66% know.
Implementasi pemasaran digital guna optimalisasi pemasaran, studi kasus pada “Ganezza Bakery”
Authors: Putri Indah Kumala , Candraningrat Candraningrat
Published: July 2023

Ganezza Bakery is a commercial Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) established in 2017 and located on Jl. Tambak Asri No. 4. Ganezza Bakery sells and accepts orders for various breads and cakes. Based on the results of observations and interviews, Ganezza Bakery MSME have not implemented digital marketing in their marketing, so their marketing is still carried out traditionally. MSME are known to the public through customers who have bought their products and the surrounding community. As a result, small-scale marketing is less than optimal. Where in reality, currently business people, especially MSME, must be able to stay updated by keeping abreast of developments in information technology by implementing online sales or through social media or online shopping. Through online marketing can help increase public knowledge about Ganezza Bakery MSME. Prospective consumers can find information more easily without having to travel long distances to reach the MSME Ganezza Bakery store. Marketing activities on the Internet are also more efficient and effective than direct marketing, such as opening stores or participating in trade shows at home and abroad. In addition, online marketing steps do not require a lot of time, energy, and material so it is easier to implement.
Debatable problems of classification of modern hematogenous osteomyelitis in children
Authors: Safarov Abdullo S. , Sharipov Aslamkhon M. , Korokhonov Akhliddin T. , Safarov Bokhodur  A.
Published: July 2023

Basing on their own experience in the diagnosis and treatment of children with hematogenous osteomyelitis and their study of domestic and foreign sources, the authors came to the conclusion that in all classifications available, consensus is lacking on the origin, course, form, stage, phase, outcome, and consequences of hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. This realization prompted us to revise the classification of hematogenous osteomyelitis in children.
The proposed new classification of hematogenous osteomyelitis in children was developed by amending the existing ones. It consists of 10 headings: etiology, origin, course, form, stages, localization, morphological form, complications, outcome, and consequences. Along the course, hematogenous osteomyelitis was divided into acute, subacute, and atypical forms. In addition to the allocation of subacute hematogenous osteomyelitis, a separate section gives a brief description of the features of its course and clinical manifestations. Hematogenous osteomyelitis of bones forming joints and hematogenous osteomyelitis of mixed bones (spine) were added to the Localization section, and apophyseal localization was added to osteomyelitis of tubular bones. In the Outcome section in the Recovery section, four subsections were highlighted.
We submit this classification for discussion and await opinions and suggestions from pediatric surgeons on improving the classification of hematogenous osteomyelitis in children.
Successful laparoscopic resection of a rare focal form of congenital hyperinsulinism: Case report and literature review
Authors: Sukhotskaya Anna A. , Kagantsov Ilya M. , Bairov Vladimir G. , Vitovshchik Mikhail G. , Nikitina Irina L. , Ryzhkova Daria V. , Mitrofanova Lubov B. , Sarakaeva Leila R.
Published: July 2023

Congenital hyperinsulinism is a severe disease that causes irreversible damage to the cerebral cortex. This article presents a clinical observation of successful surgical treatment for a child with an extremely rare form of hyperinsulinism accompanied by two foci in the opposite ends of the pancreas. The child was in extremely critical condition from birth due to recurrent hypoglycemia and was diagnosed with hyperinsulinism at the age of two weeks. Specific therapy with diazoxide and octreotide was initiated but proven to be ineffective (parenteral glucose administration was still needed, and octreotide only provided partial results). When the child was one month old, positron emission tomography-computed tomography with 18F-DOPA was performed and revealed the focal hyperfixation of the radiopharmaceutical in the tail and head of the pancreas. This finding indicated the presence of two pathological foci or a focus in the tail and the physiological accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in the head. At the age of one month and 20 days, the child underwent laparoscopic revision of the pancreas to visualize a focus in the tail that was confirmed by express biopsy. The resection of the tail (15%) was performed with confirmation of clear resection margins. During further revision, a focus was detected in the head. Resection was again performed with histological confirmation of complete resection. On the 12th day after the operation, the child was discharged without therapy with clinical recovery. The child is currently being monitored (for over six months), growing and developing according to age. A fasting test was performed, and the recurrence of hyperinsulinism was ruled out. This article presents a detailed description of the clinical and radiological examination results, the patients history, the surgical techniques, and the intervention results. As part of the discussion, a literature review on the behavior of laparoscopic resections of the pancreas in children with congenital hyperinsulinism was carried out.
Perineal groove. Cases report and brief review
Authors: Pimenova Evgeniya S. , Khamzina Daria A. , Mukhametova Evgeniya M.
Published: July 2023

Perineal groove is a congenital anal anomaly. This skin defect appears next to the anal opening, similar to a cleft, and is covered by a mucous membrane. The anomaly often occurs in girls. Grooves can be detected in patients with normally formed anus or as part of an anorectal malformation with a perineal fistula or anal stenosis. Perineal groove is a congenital anal anomaly.
This work aimed to provide information for specialists about this congenital developmental anomaly. In our clinic, five girls were observed and diagnosed with perineal groove quite early in their lives (from one to three months of age). Only one required surgical treatment because she had an anorectal malformation with a perineal fistula. In one case, bougienage of the anus was prescribed because stenosis was detected in a timely manner. For the three girls with a normally formed anus, surgery or other types of treatment were not indicated. In other clinics, either long-term courses of conservative local therapy were prescribed for anal fissure or folds in the anus or a diagnosis of anorectal defect was made with indications for surgery. This study also analyzed current publications on the diagnosis and treatment of congenital perineal sulcus.
Pancreatic cysts in children: diagnostical and surgical tactics
Authors: Sokolov Yurii Yu. , Efremenkov Artem M. , Donskoy Dmitrii V. , Akhmatov Roman A. , Zykin Aleksandr P. , Kaufov Muhammad Kh. , Shapkina Anna N. , Barskaya Kamila A.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of pancreatic cysts is one of the most difficult procedures in pediatric surgery. In children with pancreatic cysts, the issues of differential diagnosis and determining the connection of the cyst cavity with the main pancreatic duct remain problematic. Recent publications have focused on the use of endoscopic ultrasonography in pediatric practice to visualize the parenchyma and the ductal system of the pancreas with high accuracy.
AIM: This work aimed to study the results of treatment of children with cystic formations of the pancreas using modern radiation diagnostic methods and minimally invasive surgical technologies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis was conducted on the results of treatment of 66 patients consisting of 30 boys (45.5%) and 36 girls (54.5%) aged 6 months to 18 years (average age of 10.9 5.2 years) with extraparenchymatous and intraparenchymatous pancreatic cysts.
RESULTS: Multispiral computed tomography (Se 90%, Sp 91%, and Ac 91%; p 0.05) and magnetic resonance imaging (Se 96%, Sp 94%, Ac 95%; p 0.05) are the most informative for the differential diagnosis of intra- and extraparenchymatous pancreatic cysts. For thin-walled extraparenchymatous cysts up to 6 cm in size, conservative therapy is effective in the early period of the disease. External (42.4%) and internal (51.3%) drainage of cysts can be performed when the existence of pancreatic pseudocysts is prolonged (more than 2 months). Indications for simultaneous longitudinal pancreaticoejunostomy may occur in 9.5% of patients. Excision of the pseudocyst with pancreatic resection may be required in 4.7% of cases. For intraparenchymatous cysts, 33.3% of cases require the enucleation of cystic formation, 25% require the distal splenoserving resection of the pancreas, 25% require the central resection of the pancreas with the imposition of distal pancreatoejunoanastomosis, and 12.5% require pylori-preserving pancreatoduodenal resection. Approximately 70.8% of surgical interventions on the pancreas in children can be performed by laparoscopic access with a conversion rate in 12.5% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS: The choice of surgical intervention in children with pancreatic cysts is determined by the etiology, cyst size, localization, connection with the main pancreatic duct, and degree of involvement of the parenchyma in the tumor process. Most operations on the pancreas may be performed using minimally invasive approaches.
The assessment of the effectiveness and safety of teduglutide in the treatment of children with chronic intestinal insufficiency. A systematic review
Authors: Ampar Fatima B. , Rozinov Vladimir M. , Chernobabova Maria M.
Published: July 2023

Chronic intestinal failure is a pathogenetic component in children with short bowel syndrome. Short bowel syndrome limits the patient's capacity to socialize fully, the bad prognosis of the child's physical and spiritual development, and the patient's family's organizational and material issues. The severity of the problem is aggravated by the limited prospects for surgical treatment of patients, including transplantology, the imperfection of the legal framework for health care, particularly in terms of parenteral nutrition at home, and the supply of expensive drugs, consumables, and equipment to children with short bowel syndrome under state guarantees. Developing an equivalent of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a drug teduglutide representing the endogenous intestinal growth factor and intestinal adaptation, created an additional therapeutic possibility for individuals with short bowel syndrome. There are no data in Russian academic literature on the efficacy and safety of teduglutide in pediatric practice.
This study aims to conduct a systematic search and critical analysis of publications on the effectiveness and safety of using teduglutide in children with short bowel syndrome.
Publications from the PubMed, Scopus, and eLibrary databases, as well as scientific journals, were examined from 2012 to 2022. The articles were reviewed in English and Russian. Seven hundred seventy publications on using teduglutide in experimental and clinical practice were found; 94 sources matched the keywords; and eight articles were selected according to the PRISMA criteria. The risks of confounding bias were assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Most patients received the therapeutic impact of teduglutide, and 8.4%64.7% of patients achieved enteral autonomy. The drug's dose was 0.05 mg/kg/day. Without a therapeutic effect, the time limits for the inappropriate use of teduglutide ranged from 6 months to 1 yr. There is no causal relationship between taking teduglutide and undesirable reactions to treatment. The review of publications revealed an insufficient evidence foundation for the efficacy of teduglutide due to a lack of control groups in most studies, a small sample size, and errors in data methodology. Despite the encouraging preliminary results of individual studies, the problem of a shortage of randomized controlled tests of teduglutide remains.
Postoperative analgosedation with dexmedetomidine in combination with paracetamol in pediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Satvaldieva Elmira A. , Tuychiev Dilmurod B. , Ashurov Doston R. , Sayramov Ikbol Kh.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Although the principles of postoperative multimodal analgesia have been discussed in several articles, this issue remains insufficiently studied in pediatric cardiac surgery. AIM: To increase the effectiveness of postoperative analgosedation in children after heart surgery by combining intravenous dexmedetomidine and paracetamol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, nonrandomized, controlled study (n = 65, 24 yr). Elective heart surgeries were performed in children with congenital heart defects, such as ventricular and/or interatrial septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot, under cardiopulmonary bypass and general anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of postoperative analgesia: group 1, main (n = 35): 30 min after surgery, infusion of dexmedetomidine with a loading dose of 1.0 g/kg/h or 10 min, then infusion of 0.8 g/kg/h during the day against the background of planned analgesia with paracetamol (15 mg/kg, intravenously) 2 h after surgery and then every 8 h during the day; group 2, comparisons (n = 30), 0.3 mg/kg morphine, intramuscularly. The effectiveness of postoperative analgosedation in children was analyzed using the Richmond scale and FLACC + hemodynamics, acid-base balance, blood gases, cortisol, glucose, and blood lactate. RESULTS: Sufficient stabilization of the main hemodynamics and respiratory indicators confirmed the adequacy of postoperative analgosedation in group 1 patients. There was a 14% drop in heart rate, specific peripheral resistance, and mean arterial pressure. There was no respiratory depression observed, and the decrease in blood pressure and heart rate was hemodynamically modest. Postoperative stability of blood lactate, glucose, and cortisol levels demonstrated the absence of major metabolic diseases and emotional and physical stress in the main group of children. The transfer of 74.3% of the first group's patients to the specialized department 42.3 5.5 h after the procedure decreased costs and strain on the intensive care unit staff. CONCLUSIONS: Dexmedetomidine combined with paracetamol provides an adequate level of sedation, suppresses extubation irritations, prevents psychomotor agitation, and provides sufficient analgesia.
Use of hydrosurgical technologies in the treatment of adults and children. Review
Authors: Molotov Ruslan S. , Chernobabova Maria M. , Bataev Saidhasan M.
Published: July 2023

Every year, new medical equipment is introduced to surgeons to improve the techniques of surgical interventions and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. One of these methods is hydrosurgery.
This study aimed to analyze medical literature on the experience of using hydrosurgical units in various branches of modern surgical practice, provide information on their effectiveness, and evaluate their main advantages, disadvantages, and prospects for use in pediatric surgery.
Publication search and information analysis were carried out using the databases PubMed, eLibrary, Web of science, and Cyberleninca. The following search phrases were used: hydrosurgery, water jet devices, hydrosurgery, water jet hydrodissection, HybridKnife, Erbejet, VersaJet, water-jetdevices, and water-jetdebridement. For the literature review, only sources in Russian and English published from 2015 to 2022 were selected. The experience of using hydrosurgical units in adult and pediatric surgical practices was considered. According to the specified search parameters, we analyzed 54 articles, 38 of which were included in the literature review. The remaining 16 articles were excluded due to the small sample of patients and incomplete stages of the study.
RESULTS: The results indicated the significant effectiveness and versatility of hydrosurgical methods. The fixed advantages of their use in the modern practice of a surgeon largely prevailed over their disadvantages, allowing their potential application in surgical interventions of varying degrees of complexity. Hydrosurgical technologies in pediatric practice were used in combustiology, treatment of wounds, skin neoplasms, and destructive pneumonia.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, hydrosurgical methods are one of the effective modern surgical approaches to the treatment of patients with various pathologies. An in-depth study of this method in pediatric surgery is warranted.
Commentary on the article «Debatable problems of classification of modern hematogenous osteomyelitis in childre»
Authors: Strelkov Nikolay S.
Published: July 2023

Commentary on the article A.S. Safarov, A.M. Sharipov, B.A. Safarov, A.T. Korokhonov entitled Debatable problems of classification of modern hematogenous osteomyelitis in childre published in the Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care. 2023;13(2):257-266. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/psaic1290
In memory of Grachik T. Tumanyan (15.01.1946 – 12.05.2023)
Authors: Sokolov Yuri Yu.
Published: July 2023

The paper discusses the professional life of the late pediatric surgeon, Professor Grachik T. Tumanyan.
To Anniversary of Olga G. Mokrushina
Authors: Shumikhin Vasily S.
Published: July 2023

The paper describes the professional activities and merits of the pediatric surgeon Olga G. Mokrushina in celebration of her anniversary.
Intestinal anastomoses in children: The draft decision of the Russian Symposium of Children surgeons (April 2023)
Authors: Akselrov Mikhail A. , Dyakonova Elena Yu. , Karavaeva Svetlana A. , Karaseva Olga V. , Kovarskiy Semen L. , Kozlov Yuri A. , Minaev Sergey V. , Mokrushina Olga G. , Morozov Dmitry A. , Petlakh Vladimir I. , Poddoubny Igor V. , Podkamenev Alexey V. , Razumovskiy Alexandr Yu. , Sokolov Yury Yu. , Kholostova Viktoria V. , Tsap Natalya A.
Published: July 2023

The Symposium of Pediatric Surgeons of Russia, Intestinal Anastomoses in Children, was conducted in Volgograd on April 26, 2023, with around 180 doctors in attendance. Thirty papers were presented and discussed, and 41 articles were published in the proceedings of the symposium. According to the results of a systemic analysis of a questionnaire poll of major pediatric surgeons in 75 regions of Russia, 4,558 surgeries on intestinal anastomosis formation were performed in 20212022, including 1,735 operations in newborn children (36%); their share in general pediatric surgery was less than 0.6%, and it was more than 18.6% in neonatal surgeons. The number of intestinal anastomoses formed during laparoscopic procedures increased (4.4%). Pediatric surgeons equally often used double-row nodal intestinal sutures (33.3%), single-row continuous sutures (34.6%), and different types of sutures (33.3%). A T-shaped anastomosis was performed in cases of necrotizing enterocolitis where there was a significant difference in the diameters of the intestine's inflow and outflow channels. The clip-and-drop technique was used to treat neonates with multifocal necroses. Interintestinal anastomoses were favored over enterostomies in numerous segmental resections. For duodenal obstruction, duodeno-duodenal, and duodeno-jejunal anastomoses were performed. In children with Crohn's disease and choledochal cysts, most specialists prefer operations with stapling devices. Creating a magnetic interintestinal anastomosis lowers the risk of postoperative complications and facilitates the postoperative period. Clinical observations after laparoscopic surgeries accounted for a significant proportion of complications (66%). Anastomosis failure was three times more common in planned small intestinal in older children than in emergency surgeries (1.2 and 0.4%, respectively).
The modern stage of development of intestinal anastomosis formation techniques in children is characterized by good results, the expansion of indications for intestinal anastomosis in conditions of compromised colon or peritonitis, and the introduction of laparoscopic techniques and mechanical stapling devices with slightly poorer results.
VIII Forum of Pediatric Surgeons of Russia
Authors: Rozinov Vladimir M. , Suvorov Sergey G. , Petlakh Vladimir I. , Gorbachev Oleg S. , Erokhina Nadezhda O. , Belyaeva Anastasiya V.
Published: July 2023

After almost three years of the pandemic, in November 2022, pediatric surgeons came together in Moscow for the traditional Forum at the Izmailovo Hotel. The program of the plenary session of the forum included the presentation of the annual prize named after S.D. Ternovsky For a great contribution to the development of domestic pediatric surgery, which was awarded to Professor V.A. Novozhilov. Within the framework of the plenary session, a report dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Girey Alievich Bairov was also presented. The topic of neonatal surgery was actively discussed both in the plenary report of Professor D.A. Morozov Surgery of newborns in the Russian Federation, and in the discussion format of the schools of pediatric surgeons in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Video session How I do it. A workshop was held for the main childrens, which touched upon the unresolved issues of the specialty, in particular the problem of providing surgical care to children by general surgeons. The extensive program of the three days of the forum included symposiums, round tables and master classes on topical issues of pediatric surgery. The forum was attended by 1,706 specialists from 14 countries. The audience of participants has significantly expanded due to remote broadcasting, the duration of which was 43.5 hours. On the final day of the Forum, a traditional competition of research papers for young scientists took place.
The VIII Forum of Pediatric Surgeons of Russia was a large-scale event covering the actual problems of our specialty. Presented reports and discussions showed directions for further scientific development and introduction of advanced medical technologies into practice.
Circular RNAs — a modern perspective on the molecular mechanisms of neurologic diseases in humans and prospects for therapeutic agents
Authors: Shabanov Petr D. , Vashchenko Vladimir I. , Savelieva L. P. , Romashova Yuliya E.
Published: July 2023

In mammals, the brain exhibits significantly higher expression levels of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) compared to other organs. Among these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently emerged as a distinct class of ncRNAs. CircRNAs are formed by back-splicing and fusion of exons, introns, or both, resulting in covalently closed loops. Abundant in the brain, circRNAs levels increase during development and persist into adulthood. The functional significance and mechanisms of circRNA action are subjects of ongoing search, with indications that they regulate the transcription of host genes and sequestration of miRNAs and RNA binding proteins. Some circRNAs have also shown potential for translation, giving rise to peptides. In a healthy brain, circRNA expression and abundance are carefully regulated spatiotemporally. However, altered expression of circRNAs is associated with several disorders, including brain tumor growth and acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. This is believed to be through their impact on mechanisms such as angiogenesis, neuronal plasticity, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation. The unique properties of circRNAs make them promising molecular biomarkers, especially in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of circRNAs, focusing on their role in the pathogenesis of major neurodegenerative disorders, namely, Alzheimers disease, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinsons disease, schizophrenia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Additionally, it discusses the potential utility of circRNAs in biomarker discovery for these debilitating conditions.
Emotiogenic effects of antorex, a novel OX1R antagonist, on emotional manifestations of anxiety and compulsiveness in rats
Authors: Lebedev Andrei A. , Lukashkova Valeriya V. , Pshenichnaya Anna G. , Bychkov Evgenii R. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Rusanovsky Vladimir V. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: In recent years, research has focused on understanding the role of orexins and their receptors in regulating the emotions, motivations and brain reinforcing systems. Orexin plays a crucial role in the extrahypothalamic system of corticotropin-releasing hormone, making it a potential target for developing pharmacological agents to treat phobic spectrum disorders.
AIM: The study aims to analyze the effect of the new OX1R antagonist, antorex, on emotional manifestations of anxiety in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments involved 38 Wistar male rats. Antorex, at a concentration of 1 g/l (or water as control), was intranasally administered in a volume of 20 l (10 l in each nostril). A battery of behavioral tests was employed, including the elevated plus maze, open field, marble test, intruder-resident test and anxiety-phobic state assessment.
RESULTS: In the elevated plus maze test, antorex showed moderate anxiolytic activity, as evidenced by the increase in the time spent in the light arm compared to the control group. The marble test revealed a decrease in the number of buried balloons after antorex administration, indicating a reduction in obsessive-compulsive state of anxiety. The anxiety-phobic state assessment test demonstrated a decrease in the avoidance reaction to the hands action. In the open field test, a decrease in motor activity was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: The OX1R antagonist antorex demonstrated an anxiolytic and sedative effect, reducing compulsive behavior without affecting the communicative activity. These findings support the potential use of drugs that modulate orexin regulation as a novel approach in the treatment of phobic spectrum disorders.
Black Indigeneities, Contested Sovereignties
Authors: Boateng Boatema
Published: July 2023

In this article, I examine race, indigeneity, and sovereignty in order to understand the relationship between them as they structure the lives of Black people on the continent of Africa and in the African diaspora. Specifically, I am interested in Black Indigeneities and explore the following questions: What are Black Indigeneities, beyond the connections between African-descended and Indigenous Peoples in the Americas, especially the U.S.? Indigeneity implies ties to land and heritage, but what does it look like when those ties have been weakened or severed? What does it look like for places and people living with the consequences of different but related histories of settler and indirect colonization and chattel slavery on both sides of the Atlantic? Rather than trying to arrive at definitive responses, I use these questions as a point of departure for outlining an analytical framework that identifies sovereignty as a crucial element in understanding the diversity of Black Indigenous histories and experience under different but related structures of power. I distinguish between indigeneities of remembering and indigeneities of recovery. I also seek to go beyond the concept of arrivantcy as a framework for understanding the indigeneities of African-descended peoples in the Americas.
My Grandma Said, "Bring Her to Me"
Authors: Hicks Emily C , Liddell Jessica L.
Published: July 2023

This article describes the health-care access experiences of Indigenous members of a Gulf Coast, non-federally recognized tribe. Research exploring the experiences of non-federally recognized tribes is needed, as these tribes lack resources available to federally recognized tribes. Using a qualitative description research approach and through partnership with a community advisory board, thirty-one semi-structured life-course interviews were conducted with women tribal members. A qualitative descriptive analytic approach revealed the following key themes: First Health-Care Experiences; Going to Family Members for Health Care; Going to Indigenous Healers for Health Care and; Generational Changes in the Transmission of Traditional Knowledge. Our findings highlight the role that family members and Indigenous healers play in addressing health-care gaps and needs for tribal members. In addition, results suggest that Indigenous healers are respected, valued members of the community, and there is concern that healing knowledge is not being passed down to future generations. This research addresses a gap in the need for holistic understandings of Indigenous women’s reproductive and sexual health care, which is required for the development of interventions which not only address social justice issues and weaknesses in the health-care system, but that also promote the existing strengths and resources in Indigenous communities.
The Most Valuable Lands
Authors: John Randy A. , Puglionesi Alicia
Published: July 2023

The oil-producing regions of western Pennsylvania and New York are legendary as the birthplace of the modern petroleum industry; as with any narrative of American origins, it is important to scrutinize the role of racism and colonialism in establishing narratives that render Indigenous people as ghosts, guides, or givers who facilitate white access to resources while fading into a mythical past. Such narratives certainly proliferated in the nineteenth- and twentieth-century popular press, where petroleum was initially known by its regional moniker, “Seneca Oil,” and dreams of “Indian spirits” were said to lead prospectors to successful holes. The reality was that the Seneca people waged active legal and political battles to secure their rights to land, resources, and sacred sites in Pennsylvania and New York throughout the height of the oil boom. Their historical relationship with oil as a healing natural substance led leaders to preserve the Oil Spring Territory between 1797 and 1801; a century later, Seneca leaders engaged in ever-more complex negotiations with white-owned oil companies, and wound up in an existential fight against the Americans attempting to liquidate their treaty-protected territories.
From Tovaangar to the University of California, Los Angeles
Authors: Stewart-Ambo Theresa , Stewart Kelly Leah
Published: July 2023

In 2019, the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) celebrated its centennial year with little public recognition of the Gabrieliño-Tongva and Tovaangar, the original inhabitants of the region known as the Los Angeles Basin. Reflecting on this occasion, this paper considers UCLA’s relationship to the invasion and colonization of California, adding to the growing body of research examining the history of chattel slavery and Indigenous dispossession in the establishment of US higher education. Focusing on lands occupied by the UCLA campus, this article tracks the movement of communally stewarded lands of the Gabrieliño-Tongva over three waves of colonialism: Spanish missionaries’ illegal seizure of lands to construct Mission San Gabriel Arcángel in 1771, privatization of lands into ranchos under Mexican governance after 1821, and the subdivision and sale of lands under US rule after 1850. (Re)storying this narrative, this article documents the unsevered link between the original inhabitants of Tovaangar and UCLA to underscore the need for postsecondary institutions to confront their colonial inheritance and reorient responsibilities that fortify the futures of California Native nations.
Role of CBCT in sleep apnea – A review
Authors: Jan Syeda Muskan , Pachipulusu Balaji , Govindraju Poornima
Published: July 2023

Sleep apnoea is a common condition in the elderly population with potentially significant consequences, including comorbidity and cognitive decline. There is now a wealth of information indicating that untreated sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular event, a higher propensity of sudden death during sleep and a greater risk for stroke and all-cause mortality. Consequently, OSA represents a significant evolving public health challenge in both the developed and developing world. Currently many cases of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome are unrecognized which leads to unnecessary morbidity and even mortality. By posing a few additional questions during the routine clinical interview, patients in need for further diagnostic testing can be easily identified. The best methods of diagnosis are costly and increased sophistication of screening devices and interpreting physicians are required to reduce the need for full polysomnography. CBCT, with its 3D presentation of the airway and its surrounding structures, offers the increased visualization of both untreated obstruction tendencies and potentially of changes in the airway by treatment modality.
Evaluation of vertical mandibular asymmetry in different malocclusions- A panoramic study
Authors: Teja Prerna Hoogan , Uppal Ankita , Mittal Shruti , Verma Aashee , Aneja Gunjan , Gagain Mahak
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare mandibular asymmetry in different malocclusions, including Angle's Class I malocclusion, Angle's Class II div 1 malocclusion, Angle's Class II div 2 malocclusion, Angle's Class II subdivision and Unilateral posterior cross bite.

: A total number of 150 subjects with the age range of 18-24 yrs with no signs and symptoms were selected for the study (n=30). The condylar asymmetry index (CAI), ramal asymmetry Index (RAI) and Condylar and Ranal Asymmetry Index (CRAI) for each patient was measured using panoramic radiograph. The results were analyzes using Kappa test, Dahlberg’s formula and Tukey HSD Post Hoc test.

: Group IV (Angle's Class II subdivision malocclusion) had the maximum Condylar Asymmetry Index (13.07 ±12.43mm) whereas Group II (Angle's Class II div 1 malocclusion) had the minimum Condylar Asymmetry Index (7.89 ±8.71mm). Group III (Angle's Class II div 2 malocclusion) had the maximum Ramus Asymmetry Index (3.84 ± 2.54%) whereas Group II (Angle's Class II div 1 malocclusion) had the minimum Ramus Asymmetry Index (2.82 ± 1.94%). Condylar and Ramus Asymmetry Index was seen in Group IV (Angle's Class II subdivision malocclusion) (3.61 ± 2.43 mm) whereas minimum condylar and ramus asymmetry index was seen in Group V (Unilateral posterior cross bite) (2.42 ± 2.08 mm). However, no statistically significant differences were found.

: No statistically significant difference was found in vertical mandibular asymmetry indices when compared in different malocclusions. No gender related statistically significant difference was found in all groups.
Evaluation of temporomandibular joint changes seen in pre-operative and post-operative patients of oral submucous fibrosis using MRI: A prospective study
Authors: Sehia Dimple , Kumar H R Shiva , Rai Kirthi Kumar , Keerthi Raj
Published: July 2023

To evaluate alterations in temporomandibular joint due to immobilisation and re-mobilisation in oral submucous fibrosis patients.

The study population included 2 groups, patients and normal – 22 TMJ’s of 11 individuals respectively. MRI was performed on all patients pre-operatively and 5 month post-operatively and also on controls. Disc thickness (anterior, intermediate and posterior zone), disc length, joint space and structural changes in the glenoid fossa and condylar head were assessed in all the MRI scans. The severity of changes in relation to duration of reduced mouth opening was noted. And, finally regeneration potential of the TMJ after remobilizing the jaw, on 5th month POD was observed. All the measurements were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.

The study showed that there were significant differences in the pre-op and normal. The post treatment values/dimensions were comparatively the same as that of the normal population (except for joint space on right side and disc length on left side, which is negligible). It proves that the treatment makes the condition comparably similar to that of normal dimension over a time period of 5 months, sighting the potential capacity of the TMJ to regenerate and repair.

The study revealed statistically highly significant changes in the components of Temporomandibular joint in OSMF patients with varying degrees of restriction in mouth opening when compared to controls, and return of the joint structurally towards recovery at 5 month POD stresses upon the need for an early intervention.
Accuracy of imaging modalities (CBCT/conventional radiography) in maxillofacial fractures - A cross sectional study
Authors: Sethuraman Govindaraju , Jimsha Vanathan Kumaran , Srinivasan Subramanian Vasudevan , Jonathan Daniel Mariyappan
Published: July 2023

Maxillofacial trauma refers to any injury to the face or jaw caused by physical force, foreign objects, or burns. For all traumatic events imaging examination is an essential component which is done both pre-operatively and post-operatively. This study was to assess the accuracy of CBCT imaging and the conventional imaging in evaluation of maxillofacial fracture.

To assess the maxillofacial fracture using conventional radiography and CBCT. To compare the diagnostic acurracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with conventional radiography. To validate the best method for assessment of maxillofacial trauma.

: Depending on type of fracture conventional imaging and CBCT imaging was done. Following which fracture was assessed using AOCMF classification.

The most common fracture was zygomatic complex fracture of about 76.9%. CBCT showed significant P-value in assessment of level-2 fracture evaluation, extension of fracture and in Level-3, number of fragment, angulations, displacement, inferior obital fissure, crown root fracture assessment. The sensitivity and specificity of CBCT was better than conventional imaging.

CBCT assess the maxillofacial fracture more precisely than conventional imaging.
Intraoral digital radiography- A way forward or risk of overexposure: A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Pathak Rashmi , Samundeeswari K , Indrapriyadharshini Jawahar , Ayappan Narendira Sharma , Djeapragassam Parimala , Srinivasan Subramanian Vasudevan
Published: July 2023

: Digitization of intraoral radiography has revolutionized dentistry. It comes with plethora of advantages, such as quick image production elimination of processing chemicals, reduced patient exposure. With easy and instant image acquisition, the number and frequency of radiographs as well retakes have also increased. Therefore, making us think is there an actual reduction in the radiation exposure or not.

: To assess clinical utilisation of intraoral digital radiography among practicing dental surgeons.

It is a questionnaire-based study. Questionnaire was curated using google forms and divided into two sections. First section included personal data and second section was focused on the clinical practice. Questionnaire link was circulated through various social media platform. 112 responses were collected.

Out of all responses, 78.6% are using intraoral digital radiography, among them 53.4% are using CCD sensors. Maximum number of practitioners (54.5%) take on an average 0-5 intraoral digital radiographs and 98.9% of them take 1-6 retakes per day. Errors in positioning the receptor and PID were the most common reasons for taking repeats.

: It appears that there is an increase in number and frequency of radiographs and number of retakes which might be nullifying the dose reduction from intraoral digital radiography. Practitioners should not neglect the radiation exposure from intraoral digital radiography as it may have a cumulative effect in long run and should abide by the radiation protection protocol and ALADA principle.
Management of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland- A case report
Authors: Kawsankar Kedar , Saluja Harish , Shah Seemit , Deshpande Anuja
Published: July 2023

The neoplasms of the salivary glands account about 2% of head and neck tumours and among them, the Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common form. It is benign epithelial lesion of salivary gland origin, showing histopathological variation. The pleomorphic adenoma shows female predilection. The common sites for the intraoral Pleomorphic Adenoma are palate, buccal mucosa and lips. The article presents a case of Pleomorphic Adenoma of minor salivary gland of palate, which was treated successfully by surgical excision.
Is the ChAdOx1 Vaccine Safe and Immunogenic as Prophylactic Measure Against the Lethal Human-Coronaviruses? A Systematic Review
Authors: Cunha de Alcântara Andréia Michelle Alves , Barbosa Barros Ivan de Alcântara , Souza Prazeres Luiz Paulo de , Barbosa Barros Ivan , Mascena Diniz Maia Maria De , Eleutério de Souza Paulo Roberto
Published: July 2023

Knowledge of other Coronaviruses has contributed to the development of a vaccine for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). As soon as the genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 was released, intense global activity around different vaccine platform technologies started. Among these platforms, the viral vectored chimpanzee adenovirus Oxford1 (ChAdOx1)-previously studied for various indications, including for the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) vaccine, and currently is adapted for the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (novel Coronavirus-19). Therefore, this systematic review aimed to investigate the potential of the ChAdOx1 platform for the development of a vaccine for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the Lethal Human-Coronaviruses (Lh-CoVs). For this purpose, a highly sensitive literary search was conducted through electronic databases that reached 1,445 related articles, of which, eight articles were elected according to previous eligibility criteria. The gathering of the articles demonstrated that the previous approaches, referring to the ChAdox1 platform, have contributed to the development of vaccines against Lh-CoVs and, that thus far, ChAdOx1 (nCoV-19 and MERS) vaccines are safe and immunogenic. However, it is important to emphasize that further studies are needed to ensure the effectiveness of vaccines in humans.