bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Nonlinear Viscoelasto-Plastic Creep Model of Deep Soft Rock
Authors: Wang Yan Chun , Wang Yong Yan
Published: January 2012

Based on the mechanical behaviors of deep soft rock at the accelerating creep stage, a nonlinear rheological cell containing exponential equation replaces classic linear cell, a new nonlinear viscoelasto-plastic creep model of deep soft rock is established on the basis of Nishihara model, and the model can describe the three stages of rock nonlinear creep. Using the least squares method of Matlab to investigate test results, the result shows the new nonlinear creep model accords better with the creep test curves, and verify correctness of the new model.
The Establish of Digital Simulation System on Continuous Cross-Flow Dryer
Authors: Han Feng , Zuo Chun Cheng , Zhu Hang , Wu Wen Fu , Liu Chun Shan
Published: January 2012

Drying plays an important role in the post-harvesting process of grain, and the quality of the corn after drying has received an increasing concern. The mathematical model of grain drying plays an essential role in developing grain dryer structure and obtaining the drying technological parameters. Furthermore, an accurate mathematical model is a reference for automated control during drying process. In this paper, using mathematical models and quality model of the corn drying process, a digital simulation of corn drying machine system based on a virtual instrument was established for 5HSZ dryer. Finally, an on-line measurement and automated control software of grain parameters were developed providing the changes of moisture, temperature, humidity, and germination rate in the process of drying. The experimental results show that the simulation result is valid, which has practical merit of operation and technical optimization of dryer.
The Study of Bus Superstructure Strength Based on ECE R66
Authors: Zhang Guo Sheng , Wang Wei , Piao Song Ai , Dong Xuan
Published: January 2012

Taking a full-monocoque body as the research object, the finite element analysis theory was applied to build the finite element model of the bus and the numerical simulation environment of the structural strength of the superstructure. The vehicle centre of gravity position determination was studied and calculated. According to the ECE R66 equivalent authentication method, the rollover test of body section was carried out. The rigid and strength characteristic of bus superstructure were evaluated. On this basis, the energy absorbing capability of body section during the rollover process was studied and evaluated. The results showed that the body section of bus was complied with the regulatory requirements; its structural safety characteristic was good. This design method of rollover crash safety had important significance and value to research and development of manufacturer.
The Collaboration Control for the Multi-Robot Polishing System
Authors: Yu Miao , Liu Hui Ping , Ji Jing
Published: January 2012

This paper puts forward a multi-Agent alliance control model that is made up of the series robot Agent, the parallel moving platform Agent and the polishing tool system Agent and so on by the MAS theory. Based on the multi-robot system which is made up of the MOTOMAN - HP3 serial robot and NPT800 parallel robot, the MOTOMAN-HP3 serial robot communication, the NPT800 parallel robot of motion control and communication between two robots are introduced respectively. In the end, the mutual communication can be accomplished by two robots and the robot position and status information can be transported with programming of the win socket. The satisfied polishing effect on the curved surfaces can be obtained and the demand of the polishing can be achieved by the MAS.
A Superfluous Force Suppression Method Based on Structure Invariance Principle with Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Guo Zhe , Guo Dong , Qi Xiao Ye
Published: January 2012

The key technology of load simulator is superfluous force suppression. This article uses a compensation method of structure invariance principle to solve the problem of superfluous force. Intelligent Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm based on the experimental data is used to identify parameters of the system so as to establish the mathematical model of which simulation result is consistent with the experimental result, and design a compensator based on this model to achieve the purpose using structure invariance principle to eliminate superfluous force.
Cracking Analysis of Induction Heat Bend Pipe of X70 Steel
Authors: Li Lie Jun , Huo Xiang Dong , Guo Lin
Published: January 2012

Experimental methods, such as OM, SEM and X-EDS, were used to study the transverse cracks appeared on the external arc of tensile region during pipe bending. The pipe line steel consists of acicular ferrite (AF) and granular bainite (GB) with good mechanical properties. Copper phase enrichment occurs at prior austenite grain boundaries near the cracks of bend pipe, which is the main reason for the surface cracks. In order to decrease the cracks ratio, the microstructure evolution and stress state during the bending process need to be researched deeply.
Synthesis of a New Platinum Metallopolyyne for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Li Li , Sun Xiao Xia , Hu Yu , Wu Qiu Hua
Published: January 2012

A soluble, solution-processable metallopolyyne of platinum (II) functionalized with anthraquinone and fluorene spacers was synthesized. The spectroscopic and photophysical properties of the polymer was also presented.
Damage Study on AZ31 Mg Alloy under Bending Load
Authors: Tan Ming , Liu Zhao Ming , Quan Gao Feng , Chen Zhong , Zhang Zheng , Xu Guo Rong
Published: January 2012

The microstructure, mechanical properties and damage morphology of as-cast and as-extruded AZ31 Mg alloy under different annealing treatments were investigated. The result of three-point bending test showed that the as-extruded magnesium alloy after annealing treatment followed by 300°C×30min can obtain a good mechanical properties and fine uniform grains. There are clear surface macro-cracks and emboss, the micro-cracks and cavities generated in the vicinity of the main crack, the main cracks of as-extruded samples arises from the maximum compressive stress position ,but as-cast samples arises from the maximum tensile stress position. The main crack of magnesium alloys is extended from the edge to the center of the specimen. This is because the crack propagates along grain boundaries or twin boundaries, and the cracking process will be obstructed by dislocation and/or the second phase particles
Rheological Properties of Blend Spinning Solution of Sodium Alginate and TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Tan Li Wen , Xu Dong Mei , Ji Quan , Wang Bing Bing , Xia Yan Zhi
Published: January 2012

Rheological properties of blend spinning solution of sodium alginate and TiO2 nanoparticles (SA/nano-TiO2) were investigated. The rheological parameters, structural viscosity index (Δη) and flow activation energy (Eη) of spinning solutions were calculated. The results reported that the blend spinning solutions were non-newtonian fluids. The apparent viscosity, consistency index (k) and Eη increased with increasing nano-TiO2 content in SA spinning solution, but the degradation degree of apparent viscosity decreased, flow behavior index (n) only slightly decreased and the Δη had no significantly change. The apparent viscosity (ηa) of spinning solutions could be regulated by changing temperature under 50oC. Blend spinning solution had good stability and practical applicability.
Phase Composition and Microstructure of Ca1–3xLn2xTiO3 (Ln=La, Nd, Sm) Ceramics
Authors: Liang Bing Liang , Ai Yun Long , Zheng Xing Hua , Tang De Ping , He Fei
Published: January 2012

Ca1–3xLn2xTiO3 (Ln=La, Nd, Sm; x=0.13, 0.20) ceramics were investigated systematically to dicuss the influences of sintering temperature, compositions, Ln3+ ions on its sintering property, crystal structure and microstructure. The results show that the dense ceramics were obtained in the sintering temperature range of 1300~1350 °C and the relative density reached over 97%. Sintering temperature was 50~150 °C lower than previous reports. Single orthogonal perovskite structure phase was formed except that a little secondary phase Sm2Ti2O7 was detected by XRD analysis when x=0.20 and Ln=Sm. The growth pattern of Ca1–3xLn2xTiO3 grains was terracing growth.
The Study of Steel Channel’s Cold Bending Forming Process through Numerical Simulation
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhang Zhi Yang , Wang Yan
Published: January 2012

This paper introduces the method of deformation mechanism of steel channel’s cold bending forming process through numerical simulation, mainly analysis the changing rule of stress and strain in the deformation of the fifth pass. Simulation results show that, in global terms, stress and strain of the typical position value increases with time going.
Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil from Pinus yunnanensis Franch.var tenuifolia Growing in China
Authors: Tian Yu Hong , Li Zi , Wu Shi Hua , Huang Qiong
Published: January 2012

The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from needles of Pinus yunnanensis Franch.var tenuifolia was investigated. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The major compound of the essential oil was α-pinene (22.542%), followed by β-caryophyllene (16.636%), 1,2,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene (5.085%), β-cubebene (4.779%), elixene (4.442%), α-cadinol (3.528%),α-caryophyllene (3.459%) and limonene (3.428%). The antimicrobial activity of oil was evaluated by using disc diffusion and agar dilution methods, respectively. The results indicated that the essential oil held moderate antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. The essential oil did not differ remarkably in its antibacterial and antifungal activities. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 40 ml/l for bacterial strains, and 80 ml/l for fungal strains.
The Research of Collaborative Navigation Localization Based on GPS and INS Integrated System
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Jing , Li Lei Lei , Lu Yong Le , Fang Zhen
Published: January 2012

The integrated navigation system with GPS/INS can obtain precision navigation accuracy. But the accuracy will reduce sharply with the outage of GPS signal for a long time. In this case, the collaborative navigation will play key role. The method of received signal strength (RSS) is to be proposed in this paper to solve the problem of distance measurement between the reference carriers and unknown carrier. Navigation error data were calculated and simulation analysis of the carrier comparison to the situation with collaborative supporting of reference carriers was processed. At the same time, the Matlab simulation to the carrier with INS was carried on. The analysis results of experimental data showed the navigation accuracy of the carrier with unstable GPS/INS signal being improved about 40 percents with the collaborative aids of the reference carriers. The analysis proved the effectiveness of the collaborative navigation method.
The Influence of Specific Pressure on the Organization and Properties in Liquid Forging
Authors: Li Chun , Wang Jia Xuan , Miao Hua Qing
Published: January 2012

In this paper, based on the liquid forging part flange LY12, the influence of specific pressure on the organization and performance of the liquid forging part was studied through microstructure, mechanical properties and tensile fracture surface analysis methods, this article also has some guiding significance to the formulation of the best liquid forging process parameters. The results show that the tensile strength, hardness and elongation of the parts raise with the specific pressure increasing, the organization has also been significant refinement and improvement.
Mixed Proportion Design of Lightweight Concrete Using the Sludge Kilned Coarse Aggregate from Reservoir
Authors: Yang Hsi Chi , Wang Jung Pin , Wu Jiun Wei
Published: January 2012

The sludge dramatically causes the water pollution and storage reduction of a reservoir, threatening its functionality and operational life span. One strategy is to add sludge into lightweight concrete, thus, recycling the sludge and making it one of the valuable natural resources. This study intends to use the Design of Experiment (DOE) and Taguchi Method to ensure the stability of quality and to reduce the production cost of lightweight concrete using the sludge kilned coarse aggregate from the Shihmen reservoir in Taiwan. Based on literature reviews as well as past experimental results, the research selects four control factors including lightweight aggregate unit weight, water content, water-binder ratio (W/B), and interactions among these factors. By using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), this study discusses the significant degree of these control factors and their interactions, affecting the quality characteristics of lightweight concrete such as compressive strength, ultrasonic wave, and electric resistance at different ages. The significant levels and contribution ratios from each ANOVA analysis are placed in a Cross Table to obtain the overall evaluation, giving the optimal mix proportions. On the basis of the results, the optimal parameter setting are: the unit weight of lightweight aggregate at 0.378 g/cm3, the water consumption at 160 kg/m3, and the water-binder ratio at 0.28 for the 14 and 28-day age lightweight aggregate concrete, and the unit weight of lightweight aggregate at 0.378 g/cm3, the water consumption at 140 kg/m3, and the water-binder ratio at 0.28 for the 91-day age. Furthermore, considering the mean and variance, the research find out the optimal design according to the combination of ages and quality characteristics using the Type III Signal to Noise Ratio of Taguchi’s nominal-is-the-best quality characteristics. The obtained result includes the unit weight of lightweight aggregate at 0.378 g/cm3, the water consumption at 160 kg/m3, and the water-binder ratio at 0.28.
Parameters Study on Generation of Uniform Copper Droplet by Pneumatic Drop-on-Demand Technology
Authors: Zhong Song Yi , Qi Le Hua , Luo Jun , Xiao Yuan
Published: January 2012

Studying on the mechanism and device for high-melting-point metals droplets deposition technology are imperfect. In our research, a pneumatic driven droplet generator was developed to generate mono-sized copper droplets. Experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of spray pressure and pulse width on the size of droplets. Droplet was stably ejected while spray pressure was between 30kPa and 35kPa and pulse width was between 600μs and 900μs. The droplet size increased as the spray pressure increased. However the pulse width had no significant impact on the droplet size. At last a copper column was fabricated to certify the stability of the system and the reproducibility of the parameters.
Mold Cavity Surface Subdivision Method Based on Fuzzy Clustering for Edge Detection
Authors: Feng Zhi Xin , Zhai Yi Shu , Miao De Hua
Published: January 2012

This paper presents a mold cavity surface subdivision method by using image boundary detection technology to realize high efficiency NC machining. From the new perspective of image processing, the method constructed an optimal cutting direction angle field image in the u-v system of parameters according to the relationship between maximum cutting bandwidth and cutting direction in the theory of iso-scallop height firstly, and then fuzzy c - means clustering method was applied for subdivision surface boundary detection. Experimental results demonstrate good performance of the proposed method in distinguishing and extracting boundary points of surface subdivision.
Phenol Degradation by Catalytic Wet Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation on Fe/Active Carbon Catalyst
Authors: Yang Ying Chun , Lu Yuan Gang , Ye Zhi Xiang , He Li Ping , Yu Jing
Published: January 2012

A catalyst based on Fe/active carbon (Fe/AC) and H2O2 as oxidant for the catalytic wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution was investigated. The results indicate that the degradation rate of phenol(20mg/L) reach 90.5% in the presence of Fe/AC(2g/L) and hydrogen peroxide (0.5 %) at pH value 7 after 5 hours under normal temperature and atmospheric pressure. Kinetic studies of the degradation reaction show that the degradation rate of phenol nearly follows the first-order reaction. The reaction rate constant and activity energy are 0.4162 min-1 and 23.64 kJ/mol at 25°C, respectively.
Research on Data Mining Algorithm Based on Rough Set
Authors: Yang Yong Bin
Published: January 2012

Through in-depth study on the existing rough set and data mining technologies, for the shortcomings of the existing data mining algorithms based on rough set, this paper presents an improved algorithm. This algorithm has the attribute nuclear as the starting point of reduction calculation, filtering distinguishable matrix as the basis for selection of candidate attributes, and condition attribute, decision attribute information entropy as heuristic information, to find the smallest reduction of the decision information system. The improved algorithm well solves the defects of the heuristic algorithm based on distinguish matrix, reducing the property search space, so as to improve the reduction speed.
Evaluation Index Study of Students’ Physiological Rhythm Effects under Fluorescent Lamp and LED
Authors: Yan Yong Hong , Lee Tang G. , Guan Yang , Liu Xiang De
Published: January 2012

The influence of artificial classroom light source’s colour temperature to students’ learning efficiency and physiology rhythm is the focus of this study. An experiment compares a subjects’ learning efficiency, asthenopia and brain fag under different luminance level of three typical colour temperatures from T5 fluorescent lamps and LED. Using comprehensive index ε and norm identification Ψ for quantitative evaluation and testing under different lighting environments, we determined the best colour temperature of two experimental light sources. We also determined the best combinations of illuminance value and the colour temperature that should be avoided in classroom lighting. Experiment shows that spectrum difference obviously effects comprehensive index ε and norm identification Ψ. For learning efficiency and health of people, there need to be improvement in the spectrum of fluorescent lamps and LEDs
The Research on Localization Strategies of International Brands for Advertising Transmission
Authors: Kang Lin
Published: January 2012

In this paper has studied international advertising named "The Thought for Globally Localized Implementation” strategy on the spread for the transnational corporations. It has described the definition of international advertising, international advertising, development, its important position in the international marketing and the international advertising research to illustrate the strategic importance spread. And then it has analyzed and discussed the spread to international advertising "The Thought for Globally Localized Implementation "strategies. This paper has also analyzed how the well-known multinational corporations have successfully implemented the advertising "The Thought for Globally Localized Implementation "strategies in the international market, with the communication to achieve the combination of theory and practice. Finally, with the analysis of the above theory and case, some suggestions are proposed on the international advertising communication for the enterprises in the future.
On-Road Vehicle Detection Based on Color Segmentation and Tracking Using Harris-SIFT
Authors: Zheng Zhi Hui , Wang Bo
Published: January 2012

This paper proposes a novel method for vehicle detection and tracking using a vehicle-mounted monocular camera in an intelligent vehicle system. Speed-based Adaptive Perception Zone (APZ) is first defined to ensure that the vehicle minimizes the spatial extent of the region it perceives according to its own speed. Vehicle candidates are generated using brake lights detection through color segmentation method and verified by a rule-based clustering approach. A tracking-by-detection scheme based on Harris-SIFT feature matching is then used to learn the template of the detected vehicle on line, localize and track the corresponding vehicle in live video. Our system was validated in real conditions in our prototype vehicle with state-of-the-art performance, equivalent and sometimes surpassing other methods recently published.
Development of Acoustic Emission High-Speed Data Acquisition System
Authors: You Ting , Li Pei Jiang , Tong Guan Jun , Shen Jian Wei
Published: January 2012

Acoustic emission is generally high-frequency signal with the characteristics of broadband and burstiness, so it is very difficult to acquire acoustic emission signal in real time as well as rapidly, In this paper, an USB based acquisition system for acoustic emission signal is designed, which adopts CPLD as controller and uses two high-speed A/D converters to achieve synchronous acquisition of two-channel acoustic emission signals, The system first puts collected data into a FIFO and then transfers data to host through USB using CY7C68013, The sampling frequency of the system is up to 10MHz and the transmission rate of USB is 40M/S, Hard body impact test and lead-breaking test indicate that the system can achieve real-time acquisition of acoustic emission signal well,
Research on Stock Analysis Based on Stochastic Process
Authors: Li Pei Ze
Published: January 2012

In stock market, the stock prices directly reflects market condition, therefore, the research on stock price process is one of the research contents of mathematical finance. In this paper by using the election model of statistical physics model to study the stock price fluctuation . This paper first applying stochastic process theory to establish election model, then the election model and stopping time theory are applied to establish stock profit process, we get the stock price process.
Real-Time Optimal Speed Coordination and Scheduling for High-Speed Trains Based on Model Predictive Control
Authors: Zhou Yong Hua , Wang Yang Peng , Wu Pin , Wang Peng
Published: January 2012

In the high-speed train control system, the command information such as allowable running distance, time and speed can be sent by the global system for mobile communications for railways (GSM-R). This paper will propose the framework of real-time train scheduling and control based on model predictive control for the optimal speed set-points of high-speed trains. The rolling optimization process combines the genetic algorithm with the simulation of train operation to evaluate the performance of speed set-points, which can be easily implemented in the parallel computing environment for real-time processing. The conflict resolution at the crossing stations is modeled by and embedded in the combination of various speed set-points which are formed from virtual to simulation speed. The final actual speed of train is engendered based on the movement authority and running time through the system of automatic train protection (ATP). The simulation results demonstrate the favorable performance of proposed method.
The Study of Diffraction Ray Tracing on the Surface of Airplane
Authors: Deng Li Peng , Zhao Xiao Ying , Chen You Feng , Jing Wang
Published: January 2012

This article makes the surface of airplane into quadrilateral gridding by using the method of discrete gridding generation, and calculates the data of gridding by using the classical Dijkstra algorithm (local algorithm) which can seek the shortest path from the start point and the end point. With that we can achieve diffraction ray tracing. This method can be used for any convex surface of the diffraction ray tracing.
10-Point DFT and its Application in Power System Harmonic Analysis
Authors: Li Dao Lin , Li Hai Jun
Published: January 2012

In this paper, an efficient algorithm for computing 10-point DFT, radix-10 FFT algorithm for computing 10M-point DFT and N=L×10M-point DFT are presented. FFT is often employed in power systems harmonics analysis even though it is not accurate due to spectral leakage and barrier effect. When N=L×10M-point DFTs are used to analyze harmonics in power systems, comparing to N=2M-point DFTs, very accurate harmonic parameters can be obtained. The simulation results in MATLAB show that the methods are feasible and effective to enhance analysis accuracy.
Lifetime Prediction of Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue for Exhaust Manifold
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Wei Zheng
Published: January 2012

In this research, the non-linear thermo-mechanical simulation, experimental study and lifetime prediction of engine exhaust manifold were systematically analyzed. Fluid-structure coupled method was employed in the simulation. Heat transfer analysis simultaneous considered radiation, convection and conduction. Inelastic properties of the materials used for the thermo-mechanical analysis included kinematic hardening and creep. Some models were introduced and used to predict lifetime of the manifold. Temperature data obtained during the engine bench tests can be accurately matched with the analysis results. The results indicated that the highest temperature located on the confluence of exhaust manifold and the plastic dissipated energy field caused by the cyclic thermal loading can be matched with the crack zone of exhaust manifold.
Effects of Solvents on the Electrical Resistance of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on Textiles
Authors: Yildiz Serkan , Cai Jin Lin , Fan Qin Guo
Published: January 2012

The chemical resistance of Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) was tested in both organic and inorganic solvents including Chloroform, DMSO, Xylene, THF, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride. PEDOT was synthesized via the vapor-phase polymerization and coated on PET/cotton, cotton and polyester textile substrates. Electrical resistances of the PEDOT were measured both before and after chemical treatments. The morphological changes after treatments were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The PEDOT coated fabrics demonstrated excellent chemical-resistant property since its electrical resistance maintained on the order of magnitude of 100 ohm after treatment in almost all the solvents except NaOH with which a remarkable increasing of electrical resistance occurred due to disappearing PEDOT from the substrate indicating its potential to be a good solvent for PEDOT.
Physical Properties and Dyeing Behavior of the Hollow-Triangle Nylon6 Fiber
Authors: Zhang Shun Hua , Wu Hai Xia , Ning Zuo Long , Liu Xiao Xiao , Lin He Ming
Published: January 2012

The hollow-triangle PA6 composite shaped fiber produced by high-speed spinning with semi-dull polyamide 6 chips was designed and developed in our lab. Both the morphological structure and the rebound resilience of the fiber were observed and analyzed. Meanwhile, the weak acid, neutral and disperse dyes were applied to in the dyeing test. The results showed that the hollow-triangle fiber had a high degree of profile and good bulkiness. Furthermore, the immediate elastic recovery and total elastic recovery rate of the fiber were large. When stretched by 5%, the immediate elastic deformation of this fiber was 86.4% and its elastic recover rate was up to 100%, which is obviously better than that of the general PA6 fiber. Besides, the dyeing ability of the hollow-triangle PA6 fiber was nearly the same as that of the general one when it was dyed with different dyes under the normal technical conditions.
A Study on Process Parameters for Imparting Hydrophobic Effect on Cotton Fiber with CF4-Plasma Treatment
Authors: Tsoi W.Y.I. , Kan C.W. , Yuen C.W.M.
Published: January 2012

The acquisition of hydrophobic surface offering liquid repellency is exploitable for diverse applications. This study examined the possibility of developing hydrophobic cotton fiber by employing atmospheric pressure plasma technique which is an environmentally friendly approach. We seek to determine a controlled hydrophobic modification of textile materials through the optimization of the fabrication process. A hydrophobic surface modification of cotton fabric was conducted with atmospheric pressure plasma using tetrafluoromethane (CF4) as the reactive gas. The resultant hydrophobic behavior was quantified macroscopically by a wetted area measurement. To control the degree of modification of the substrate, an orthogonal experimental design technique was utilized. The optimum process conditions were established based on the reduction of the wetted area of the plasma-modified fabrics.
Practical Method to Synthesize Silver Nanoparticles for Electro-Conductive Inkjet Inks in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Natsuki Jun , Abe Takao
Published: January 2012

This paper describes a new method to prepare silver nanoparticles useful for printing electronic circuits. We have tried to develop a silver nitrate reduction method, with which a certain reducing agent has played an important role in the reduction of silver ions in an aqueous solution. The reduction has occurred rapidly at room temperature and the silver particles have been separated very easily from the solution in a short time. In this process, any organic solvent has not been used and separation of silver nanoparticles has not been complicated. All chemicals used in this study have been water-soluble. Small and relatively uniform particles of a diameter lower than 10 nm can be obtained with high purity and high yield. These can result in low cost, safe treatment and good for environment protection. This method of producing colloidal silver nanoparticles will find practical use in electronics applications.
Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Process on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cashmere Knitwear
Authors: Xie Fang , Li Xiao Ping , Wang Xiu Li , Qiu Li , Tian Ye
Published: January 2012

In this paper, cashmere knitwear is dyed at a lower temperature compared to conventional dyeing, and its physical and mechanical properties are analyzed and compared. The results show that cashmere knitwear dyed at low temperature can improve cashmere knitwear quality. It is also shown that cashmere knitwear dyed at low temperature can have improved physical and mechanical properties, especially its strength, abrasion resistance and pilling resistance.
A Route to Modify Polymeric Pigment Dispersants with Polysiloxanes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Huang Chuan Xia , Yi Ling Min , Yuan Hao Yu , Chen Chang Qin
Published: January 2012

A novel approach to modify polymeric pigment dispersants with polysiloxanes was developed based on the sequential atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene (St) and tert-butyl acrylate (tBA), using multifunctional α-bromoisobutyryl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS-Brm) as the macroinitiators and CuBr/N,N,N,N,N- pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as the catalyst system. The PDMS-Brm macroinitiators were obtained from the sequential hydrosilylation of commercially available methyl polysiloxanes containing SiH groups with allyl alcohol and then α-bromoisobutyryl bromide. And then, a series of well-defined comb-like graft copolymers with a PDMS backbone and several polystyrene-block-poly (tert-butyl acrylate) (PS-b-PtBA) side-chains were synthesized via ATRP. After hydrolyzing the tert-butyl groups, the comb-like copolymers may serve as multifunctional dispersing agents in the pigment printing.
The Impact of Textile Wet Colouration on the Environment in 2011
Authors: Hurren Christopher , Li Qing , Wang Xun Gai
Published: January 2012

Wet textile colouration has the highest environmental impact of all textile processing steps. It consumes water, chemicals and energy and produces liquid, heat and gas waste streams. Liquid effluent streams are often quite toxic to the environment. There are a number of different dyeing processes, normally fibre type specific, and each has a different impact on the environment. This research investigated the energy, chemical and water requirements for the exhaust colouration of cotton, wool, polyester and nylon. The research investigated the liquid waste biological oxygen demand, total organic carbon dissolved solids, suspended solids, pH and colour along with the energy required for drying after colouration. Polyester fibres had the lowest impact on the environment with low water and energy consumption in dyeing, good dye bath exhaustion, the lowest dissolved solids levels in waste water, relatively neutral pH effluent and low energy in drying. The wool and nylon had similar dyebath requirements and outputs however the nylon could be dyed at far lower liquor ratios and hence provided better energy and water use figures. Cotton performed badly in all of the measured parameters.
Visible-Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue with Porphyrin-Sensitized TiO2
Authors: Wan Jun Min , Wu Zhang Zhu , Wang Hui Gang , Zheng Xu Ming
Published: January 2012

The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation is investigated by using the TiO2photocatalyst sensitized with meso-tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (H2TCPP) and/or meso-tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) copper porphyrin (CuTCPP). The XRD and XPS experimental results indicate that porphyrins are chemisorbed on the surface of TiO2through the O=C-O-Ti chemical bond. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) by H2TCPP and/or CuTCPP sensitized TiO2and under incandescent lamp irradiation is likely through injecting electrons from the photoexcited sensitizer to the conduction band of TiO2. The porphyrin-and/or metallic porphyrin-sensitized TiO2exhibits higher absorbability in the visible-light region than pure TiO2. All facts show that the porphyrin-, and/or metallic porphyrin-sensitized TiO2have potentially a significant application in wastewater treatment.
All-Solid-State Zn2+-Selective Electrodes for Wastewater Measurements
Authors: Ju Lan , Yu Shun Yang , Zhang Xiao Yan , Yuan Jin
Published: January 2012

A novel all-solid-state Zn2+-selective electrode with a low detection limit was prepared using poly (3-octylthiophene) (POT) as ion-to-electron transducer. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian response for Zn2+ions over a wide concentration range from 10-3to 10-9M with a low detection limit of 1.0×10-9M. Results also showed that the fabricated potentiometric sensors are suitable for the pH range of 3.0 ~7.1 with good stability in harsh conditions.
A Portable Detecting and Analytic Instrument of Vibration Signal
Authors: Li Jian Wei , Wang Ling , Zhang Hong Mei
Published: January 2012

It is often needed in engineering that detecting and analyzing vibration signal of some equipment. To meet the requirement, a portable detecting and analytic instrument was designed using virtual instrument concept. In the instrument, notebook computer was used as the platform of hardware. Vibration signal was obtained by integrated piezoelectric acceleration sensor (DTS0104T), and was transferred to a notebook computer through data acquisition card (NI USB-6210) based on USB bus. The software, running on the notebook computer, was developed under LabVIEW. Vibration signal could be displayed on screen, recorded in disk or printed by printer, retrieved, and analyzed. The analysis functions of the instrument include: time-domain analysis, frequency-domain analysis, time-frequency domain analysis, and correlation analysis. The instrument is compact, portable, powerful, and with friendly interfaces, has broad application prospects.
The Design of 2D Bar Code Recognition Software on Android
Authors: Yi Yan
Published: January 2012

In order to promote the application of two dimensional barcode on mobile phone, this paper uses the popular Android technology, and researches QR code format and the decode process of the QR code; and then designs 2D bar code recognition system based on the decode library Zxing. After testing, it is proved that the system has good generality and low resource consuming, and the software of itself is only 140 K.
The Performance Simulation and Optimization Research on Intake Port of Locomotive Diesel Engine
Authors: Cui Hong Jiang , Li Ming Hai , Guan Ying
Published: January 2012

.In order to manufacture high quality intake port with bigger discharge coefficient and appropriate swirl ratio for diesel engine performance improvement, intake port tests and CFD simulation method were combined together to optimize its structure. The three-dimensional CAD model of intake port was built and was putted into AVL–FIRE platform to do CFD simulation with appropriate turbulence model and calculation method. The detailed air flow information was obtained by CFD simulation. After analyzing, two optimization programs were discussed. This research shows that CFD simulation is a powerful method to design diesel engine intake port; air flow condition is complex in the intake port; intake port structure optimization can increase the discharge coefficient and improve the air flow condition.
Research of Electronic Energy Saving Control Technology in Construction Machinery
Authors: Han Hui Xian , Liu Mao Fu , Cao Xian Li
Published: January 2012

This paper analyzed the typical power process of construction machinery, led to the idea of energy saving and the concept of generalized energy saving, put forward energy saving control system of construction machinery according to the present two typical control technologies of construction machinery. In the quantitative analysis of energy saving effect, aiming to the shortcomings of the current energy saving technology difficult to quantify, the paper puts forward a formula of the global energy saving target, explains comparison and evaluation methods of energy saving effect, and gives the concrete realization modes of the global energy saving and generalized energy saving: full electronic control technology and distributed control technology. Finally the paper prospects the future development trend of energy saving technology in construction machinery.
The Developing of Double-Wave-Bands Phototherapy
Authors: Li Zhi Xiang , Yang Jian Feng
Published: January 2012

This phototherapy takes full advantage of near infrared ray with high penetrability treating various pains and UVC curing gynaopathy, yet using the same control system. Introducing emphatically AT89S51 as the core to control circuit, utilizing PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) produced by singlechip to manage the transmit power of light source and implementing the control system into hospital’s RS-485 monitoring network. Because of the machine serving several purposes, it makes the treatment efficiency higher and the cost lower.
A New Wavelet Transform Modulus Maximum Denoising Algorithm for UWB System
Authors: Bai Chang Qing , Peng Yuan Yuan , Zhang Qing Yan
Published: January 2012

The wavelet transform of pulse signal and noise have different properties, thus an improved wavelet transform modulus maximum algorithm was introduced to remove the noise in UWB system. Improvements include: a) a new adaptive threshold algorithm is used to process the wavelet transform modulus maxima on the largest scale level; b) getting modulus maxima on the first level through nonlinear least-square method. At last, Mallat alterative projection algorithm was adopted to reconstruct the signal. Simulation results show that the denoising effect of the novel method is far better than the traditional one, and it can locate the position of the narrowband pulse more accurately.
GA-BP Neural Network Based Tire Noise Prediction
Authors: Che Yong , Xiao Wang Xin , Chen Li Jun , Huang Zhi Chu
Published: January 2012

According to the complexity and the highly nonlinear characteristics of the tire sound, various parameters affecting tire noise were analyzed. By employing neural network a new method of tire noise prediction was proposed. Combining BP neural networks with genetic algorithms the noise prediction model was set up. In order to effectively predict tire noise, the neural network structure was designed and the input and output parameters of the network were determined. The genetic algorithm was added to the BP network in order to optimize initial weights and search out the optimal solution of the network. Applying laboratory drum method large amounts of tire noise test samples were obtained to train the BP network. Trained neural network can accurately predict tire noise in range of typical frequency bands. The results show that precision of this method is sufficient and the prediction effect is better.
Study on Concrete's Temperature Control Measures for Inverted-Siphons during Construction Period
Authors: Dong Xiao Mei , He Yi , Sun Jing Chao
Published: January 2012

In view of the problem of concrete cracks during construction, the good effect of cracks prevention can be achieved if the timely and reasonable scheme of temperature control is selected. Under the 3-D FEM including water-pipe cooling is adopted to simulate the stresses field of Inverted siphon during construction. Through analyzing the time-space variation law, it is fund that cracks easily appear. In the part of the middle line of the South-North Water Transfer Project£¬the quality of concrete surface of III section in Jiaozuo has been improved obviously through the method of external insulation board.
Cutting Edge: Protective Effect of CX3CR1+ Dendritic Cells in a Vaccinia Virus Pulmonary Infection Model
Authors: Bonduelle Olivia , Duffy Darragh , Verrier Bernard , Combadière Christophe , Combadière Behazine
Published: January 2012

The protective host immune response to viral infections requires both effective innate and adaptive immune responses. Cross-talk between the two responses is coordinated by the chemokine network and professional APCs such as dendritic cells (DCs). In mice, subpopulations of myeloid DCs in peripheral tissues such as lungs and in blood express CX3CR1 depending on the inflammation state. We thus examined the host response of mice deficient in the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 to an intranasal vaccinia virus infection. CX3CR1-deficient mice displayed significantly more severe morbidity and mortality compared with control wild-type mice within 10 d following vaccinia virus infection. CX3CR1−/− mice had increased viral loads and a reduced T cell response compared with wild-type mice. Finally, an adoptive transfer of CX3CR1+/+ DCs completely protected CX3CR1−/− mice to a previously lethal infection. This study therefore opens up the possibility of novel antiviral therapeutics targeting lung DC recruitment.
Induction of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression by IL-17 in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells: Implications for Vascular Remodeling in Transplant Vasculopathy
Authors: Liu Arthur C. , Lee Martin , McManus Bruce M. , Choy Jonathan C.
Published: January 2012

IL-17 is a signature cytokine of Th17 cells, a recently described subset of effector CD4 T cells implicated in the development of several pathologies. We have examined the role of IL-17 in regulating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression in human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) because of the key role of eNOS in determining the pathological outcome of immune-mediated vascular diseases. In cultured ECs, IL-17 increased expression of eNOS, eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177, and NO production. The induction of eNOS expression by IL-17 was prevented by the pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB, MEK, and JNK, as well as by small interfering RNA-mediated gene silencing of these signaling pathways. The expression of IL-17 was then examined by immunohistochemistry in human arteries affected by transplant vasculopathy (TV), a vascular condition that is a leading reflection of chronic heart transplant rejection. IL-17 was expressed by infiltrating leukocytes in the intima of arteries with TV, and the majority of IL-17–positive cells were T cells. The number of IL-17–positive cells was not correlated with the intima/media ratio, but was negatively correlated with the amount of luminal occlusion. There was also a significant positive correlation between the number of IL-17–positive cells and the density of eNOS-expressing luminal ECs in arteries with TV. Altogether, these findings show that IL-17 induces the expression of eNOS in human ECs and that this may facilitate outward expansion of arteries afflicted with TV.
The Role of Nanometer-Scaled Ligand Patterns in Polyvalent Binding by Large Mannan-Binding Lectin Oligomers
Authors: Gjelstrup Louise C. , Kaspersen Jørn D. , Behrens Manja A. , Pedersen Jan S. , Thiel Steffen , Kingshott Peter , Oliveira Cristiano L. P. , Thielens Nicole M. , Vorup-Jensen Thomas
Published: January 2012

Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is an important protein of the innate immune system and protects the body against infection through opsonization and activation of the complement system on surfaces with an appropriate presentation of carbohydrate ligands. The quaternary structure of human MBL is built from oligomerization of structural units into polydisperse complexes typically with three to eight structural units, each containing three lectin domains. Insight into the connection between the structure and ligand-binding properties of these oligomers has been lacking. In this article, we present an analysis of the binding to neoglycoprotein-coated surfaces by size-fractionated human MBL oligomers studied with small-angle x-ray scattering and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. The MBL oligomers bound to these surfaces mainly in two modes, with dissociation constants in the micro to nanomolar order. The binding kinetics were markedly influenced by both the density of ligands and the number of ligand-binding domains in the oligomers. These findings demonstrated that the MBL-binding kinetics are critically dependent on structural characteristics on the nanometer scale, both with regard to the dimensions of the oligomer, as well as the ligand presentation on surfaces. Therefore, our work suggested that the surface binding of MBL involves recognition of patterns with dimensions on the order of 10–20 nm. The recent understanding that the surfaces of many microbes are organized with structural features on the nanometer scale suggests that these properties of MBL ligand recognition potentially constitute an important part of the pattern-recognition ability of these polyvalent oligomers.
A Child Presenting with a Bullet in the Middle Ear: Case Report
Authors: Piromchai Patorn , Srirompotong Somchai , Lertchanaruengrith Piyawadee , Mills Robert
Published: January 2012

Introduction

Foreign bodies in the external auditory canal are common in both adults and children. Removal of the foreign body requires skill, but is usually successfully performed in the emergency department. We report a case of a child with a bullet in ear canal which was pushed into the middle ear during an attempt to remove it.

Case Presentation

A 6-year-old Thai boy went to the community hospital with his parents, who reported that their child had pushed a bullet into his ear. Otoscopic examination revealed a metallic foreign body in his external auditory canal. The first attempt to remove the foreign body failed and the child was referred to an otolaryngologist. We found that the tympanic membrane was ruptured, with granulation tissue in the middle ear and the bullet was located in the hypotympanum. The foreign body was removed via a post-auricular approach.

Conclusion

Removal of a foreign body from external auditory canal is an essential skill for physicians. Careful removal can prevent further trauma and complications. When the first attempt fails, referral to an otolaryngologist is recommended.