bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation des tests immune-enzymatiques de détection des antigènes au moyen des anticorps mono- et polyclonaux pour le diagnostic de l’infection à Trypanosoma evansi chez le dromadaire (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Diall O. , Nantulya V.M. , Luckins Antony George , Diarra B. , Kouyaté Boubacar
Published: January 2021

L'aptitude de deux tests ELISA d'absorption immuno-enzymatique utilisant, l'un un anticorps monoclonal spécifique anti-Trypanosoma brucei obtenu sur souris, l'autre des anticorps polyclonaux spécifiques de Trypanosoma evansi produits sur lapin, a été évaluée en vue de la détection des antigènes circulants comme méthode de diagnostic des infections à Trypanosoma evansi dans le sérum des dromadaires. Quatre vingt onze sérums d'un troupeau camelin témoin au Kenya indemne de T. evansi ont tous donné des résultats négatifs au test ELISA des anticorps monoclonaux et seuls deux d'entre eux (2,2 p. 100) ont donné des résultats faussement positifs avec les anticorps polyclonaux. Lors d'analyses ultérieures des sérums d'animaux infectés, les anticorps monoclonaux ont décelé les antigènes dans 90 sérums sur 108 testés (83,3 p. 100). Cette proportion s'est révélée inférieure pour les polyclonaux qui ont détecté les antigènes dans 67 des 110 sérums testés soit 60,9 p. 100. Dans une enquête portant sur 316 sérums provenant des régions de Gao et Nara au Mali, une forte proportion a réagi positivement aux antigènes (43,5 p. 100 pour le monoclonal et 42,9 p. 100 pour le polyclonal). Les tests ELISA se sont montrés au moins six fois plus sensibles que la technique de centrifugation de l'hématocrite.
Essai d'attraction d'Amblyomma variegatum (Acarina : Ixodina) sur des bovins préalablement traités avec des phéromones d'agrégation-fixation et un acaricide pyréthrinoïde
Authors: Barré Nicolas , Pavis Claude
Published: January 2021

L'application localisée à certains sites du corps de composés phéromonaux synthétiques à activité d'agrégation-fixation ou d'extraits de tiques mâles fixées sur des taurillons élevés sur des pâturages infestés, n'a pas permis d'y attirer des tiques adultes sauvages. Les mâles préalablement et naturellement fixés sont plus attractifs que les substances synthétiques ou les extraits naturels. De très faibles doses de fluméthrine déposées directement sur le scrotum ou le fanon induisent une diminution importante de l'infestation de ces sites.
Immunogénétique du taurin Baoulé en pays Lobi (Burkina Faso). I. Environnement de cette population trypanotolérante
Authors: Maillard Jean-Charles , Congo I. , Bassinga A. , Cuveillier J.F.
Published: January 2021

L'étude a porté sur 1016 bovins de race taurine Baoulé (Bos taurus) réputée "trypanotolérante". Des enquêtes entomologiques, parasitologiques et immunologiques ont permis de vérifier que les pressions glossiniennes et trypanosomiennes étaient réelles et d'importance variable selon les différents écosystèmes rencontrés. Des données socio-économiques, épidémiologiques, thérapeutiques et zootechniques confirment que cette population bovine est fortement trypanorésistante. Ce caractère a un déterminisme génétique mais il est entretenu et lié à l'intensité de la pression sélective. Cette population a fait l'objet de recherches immunogénétiques dans plusieurs systèmes afin de déterminer sa situation génétique, dont l'équilibre permettrait alors de la considérer comme un "berceau" homogène de la race taurine Baoulé (courtes cornes), et de mettre en évidence d'éventuels marqueurs caractérisant cette race et/ou en corrélation avec les différentes données pathologiques et zootechniques recueillies. Ces résultats feront l'objet d'articles ultérieurs.
A teenager as a reader: opportunities for pedagogical influence
Authors: Stefanovskaya Natalia A.
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the research is related to the need to develop pedagogical strategies for the formation of reading generations. The analysis of domestic studies of reading of teenagers for the last 50 years is carried out. We identify and describe the basic characteristics of teenagers reading behavior. Research results show that reading occupies a fairly stable place among the priority forms of leisure activities, despite the growing diversity and availability of other forms of leisure time. But due to the psychological and physiological characteristics of adolescence, their dynam-ism, it is not its main form. It is shown that the reading intensity of teenagers changes under the in-fluence of the social situation. The development of computer technologies, the increase in educa-tional loads, and the general lack of time reduce reading activity, but do not exclude teenagers from reading activities in general. The repertoire of teenager reading is gradually narrowing, limited to 2–3 genres. It is established that the top three most influential agents of influence on teenager reading include friends, parents, and teachers. Conclusions are drawn about the need for pe-dagogical support of teenagers reading activity. The main pedagogical tasks are defined: formation of teenagers’ awareness of the value of reading as a way of intellectual leisure, maintaining the balance of entertainment and cognitive motives for reading, expanding the genre and thematic repertoire of books read.
Interaction of the university with the armed forces in the field of military-patriotic education of youth: implementation experience
Authors: Makarova Lyudmila N. , Novikov Sergey V. , Bogomolov German S. , Ivannikov Sergey V.
Published: January 2021

The expediency of interaction of the educational organization with the military units of the region in the process of military-patriotic education and pre-conscription training of young people for service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is substantiated. As an example, we consider the experience of the Derzhavin Tambov State University in the field of military-patriotic work with youth both at the university and in the region. We analyze the features and results of the work of the regional branch of the All-Russian military-patriotic movement “Young Army”, the regional center for pre-conscription training of youth and military-patriotic education, operating on the basis of the university; the federal project being implemented jointly with the mil-itary units of the Tambov garrison to create in the region military-patriotic centers “Avangard”, organize regional stages of the All-Russian military-patriotic games “Zarnitsa”, “Eaglet”, “Victo-ry”. The author’s position is that the active participation of an educational institution in military-patriotic education and pre-conscription training of students of the university and the region in co-operation with the military units of the Tambov territorial garrison will allow not only to more ef-fectively solve the problems of educating a citizen, patriot, defender of the Fatherland, but also to become non-traditional potential “growth point” of the university. The directions and mechanisms of interaction between the university and the military units of the Tambov garrison are described, the results of interaction in the field of military-patriotic education of students in the region are as-sessed.
Gendarme railway police in the context of countering epidemics in the territory of the Kursk Governorate (1893–1914)
Authors: Petrykin Nikolai N.
Published: January 2021

We actualize the historical experience of the gendarme police units of the railways. The role of the gendarme railway police in countering epidemics on the territory of the Kursk Governorate in the prewar years of the 19th century is examined: from the beginning of the first outbreaks of infectious diseases until 1914. An analysis of the affairs of the Kursk branch of the Moscow gendarme police department of railways in the period from 1893 to 1914 is carried out. Con-clusions are drawn about the relationship between outbreaks of epidemics and the attention of officials of the gendarme railway police to the sanitary and epidemiological situation on the railway lines, in conditions of mass movement of immigrants, while ensuring the safety of imperial trains. Based on archival materials, the experience of interdepartmental interaction of the officers of the gendarme railway police on the sanitary and epidemiological situation is shown. An assessment is given of interagency cooperation with medical, railway and other services in matters of sanitary and epidemiological safety at railway facilities. We show the significance of historical experience for the development of forms and models of the work of modern territorial authorities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in transport, including in the context of the prevention of a new coronavirus infection at the present stage.
Fernando REY MARTÍNEZ, Derecho antidiscriminatorio
Authors: Pérez de la Fuente Oscar
Published: January 2021

Este artículo reseña: Fernando REY MARTÍNEZ, Derecho antidiscriminatorio, Thomson Reuters Aranzadi, Madrid, 2019, 573 pp.
Redes de interação na área da saúde humana
Authors: Tatsch Ana Lúcia , Ruffoni Janaina , Botelho Marisa dos Reis A. , Stefani Rafael
Published: January 2021

O artigo objetiva caracterizar as redes de interação entre atores - grupos de pesquisa e organizações - da área da saúde humana no Rio Grande do Sul. As redes foram elaboradas pelo método da Social Network Analysis com dados do DGP/CNPq para os anos de 2010, 2014 e 2016. Verificou-se que tanto o número de grupos de pesquisa quanto das interações cresceram ao longo desse período. A maioria dos grupos de pesquisa, no entanto, interage com apenas um parceiro. Logo, mais atores ingressam nas redes ao longo do tempo, mas pouco interagem entre si. Essa característica identificada é típica de sistemas inovativos de países emergentes, cujas interações são escassas. Existem semelhanças entre as redes dos anos analisados (como a relevância de alguns atores centrais e das empresas como atores periféricos), mas também há aspectos que as diferenciam (as universidades se destacam como parceiras no período mais recente). No que diz respeito às proximidades, as proximidades geográficas e organizacionais são destacadas como conceitos importantes para explicar as interações entre os diferentes atores.
Enfermedades en equinos publicadas en los reportes epidemiológicos semanales del Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria del Perú durante el periodo 2010–2018
Authors: Moscoso Marcel
Published: January 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue describir los casos de enfermedades en equinos publicados en los reportes epidemiológicos semanales elaborados por el sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica del Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria del Perú (SENASA) durante el periodo 2010–2018. Se recolectó y clasificó los casos confirmados de enfermedades equinas, los cuales se resumieron mediante estadística descriptiva. Se encontró un total de 185 notificaciones de casos sospechosos de las cuales 75 resultaron positivos para diferentes enfermedades en equinos. Estas fueron encefalomielitis equina venezolana, estomatitis vesicular, miasis por Cochliomyia hominivorax, leptospirosis y rabia; mostrando esta última un carácter endémico debido a su presencia en diferentes departamentos y en todos los años de estudio, sumando un total de 66 notificaciones positivas, mientras que las otras solo correspondieron a brotes esporádicos. El estudio demostró la presencia de enfermedades en equinos que afectan su productividad pecuaria y poseen potencial zoonótico, además de reportes de sospecha de enfermedades de tipo exóticas que no existen en el país, por lo que es necesario la notificación al SENASA de todo caso de enfermedades infecciosas y la vigilancia epidemiológica de los casos de enfermedad en esta población animal.
Enseñanza de la filosofía de Lean Construction en la formación de Ingenieros Civiles: Una actualización del diseño del curso = Teaching Lean Construction for undergraduate Civil Engineering students: An update on course design
Authors: Villagarcia Zegarra Sofia , Brioso Xavier
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo resaltar la importancia de la enseñanza de la filosofía Lean Construction para complementar la formación de alumnos de pregrado de la carrera de ingeniería Civil y dar pautas para la actualización del diseño del curso sabiendo que para que sea efectivo el aprendizaje este debe estar relacionado a la solución de problemas que suceden en el día a día en los proyectos de construcción y teniendo en cuenta que los estudiantes aún no cuentan o tienen poca experiencia profesional. Por ello, el uso de herramientas donde el alumno pueda entender la problemática y poder desarrollar el pensamiento analítico y critico es indispensable. En ese sentido, una herramienta didáctica muy útil son los estudios de caso y ejemplos reales de problemas que suceden en las obras ya que lleva al alumno a entender a través de casos los problemas que suceden durante el desarrollo y ejecución de proyectos y como se pueden plantear soluciones a través de la aplicación de conceptos Lean. Es importante mencionar que la aplicación de la filosofía Lean tanto en el Perú como en el mundo está ganando terreno rápidamente por ello el introducir al alumno al entendimiento de esta filosofía le da una base para su correcta aplicación al ejercer la profesión y poder gozar de los beneficios en los proyectos que participe. Según las encuestas, la efectividad de todas las actividades fue superior al 90%, lo que demuestra el éxito de la metodología.AbstractThis paper aims to highlight the importance of teaching Lean Construction philosophy for civil engineering undergraduate students and give guidelines for its update on course design, taking into account that for effective learning the course must include real construction projects problems solving and knowing that students have very little or no professional experience. Therefore, it is essential to use tools that help the student to understand the problem and be able to develop analytical and critical thinking. In this sense, a very useful didactic tool is the use of case studies, since it makes the student understand the problems related to construction projects and how they can propose solutions through the application of Lean concepts. It is important to mention that the application of the Lean philosophy both in Peru and in the world is rapidly gaining ground; therefore, introducing the student to this philosophy gives a basis for its correct implementation. According to the surveys, the effectiveness of all activities was higher than 90%, which demonstrates the success of the methodology.
THE MISCELLANY OF SONGS FROM THE OLD BELIEVERS-STRANNIKI (WANDERERS) LIBRARY IN A NUMBER OF POMORIAN OBIKHODS
Authors: Kazantseva T. G.
Published: January 2021

The object of consideration in the article is a hook notation miscellany from the library of Siberian Old Believers- stranniki (wanderers), a copy of which is kept in the collections of the Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (II SB RAS 4/01g). The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of correspondence of this miscellany to the typical Obikhod by methods of paleography and codicology and to identify signs of transformation of its structure. The analysis is carried out at the level of handwriting, internal design and editorship of the hymnographic text, repertoire of chants and principles of their unification into large sections. The study has stated that the collection is a possessory convolute of six independent manuscripts, compiled not earlier than the first half of the XX century. Its structure is based on the book of songs Obikhod of the Pomorian Old Believers editorship, the transformation of which was carried out by expanding the repertoire by introducing chants traditionally belonging to another singing book - Oktoikh. It is concluded that the compiler of the convolute formed it purposefully, striving to create a book of songs of universal content.
CYRILLIC TYPE BOOKS OF THE XVII–XX CENTURIES IN THE COLLECTIONS OF KUPINO PARISH LIBRARY
Authors: Podoprigora V. V. , Kovalenko A. N.
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of work on archaeographic research of the Metropolinate of Novosibirsk parish book collections, done in 2019–2020. The researchers of the Department of Rare Books and Manuscripts of SPSTL SB RAS inventoried the books of Cyrillic and civil press kept in the parish library of Holy Apostle and Evangelist Luke in Kupino (Kupinsky district of Novosibirsk province). 35 Orthodox books of the Cyrillic tradition and of the Russian civil type of the first half of the 17th – early 20th centuries were made known, among them, 2 editions of the 17th century printed by the Moscow Print Yard, 4 Old Believer editions of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, 19 Synodal editions of the Cyrillic type from the late 18th to the early 20th centuries and 12 Synodal editions of the Russian civil type. The aim of the article is to present the results of scientific description and an archaeographic analysis of individual features of the most interesting book exemplars. Through complication of describing such book collections, which did not usually preserve intact or partially samples of pre-revolutionary parish book stocks and were shaped from various sources, priority was given to describing the owner’s signs of each sample that reflected the history of their existence in one or another social environment. Among the earliest there were described the perfectly preserved Moscow Gospel of 1627, the owner’s and donative records of which reflected its displacement from the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to Moscovia, where it could have come after Smolensk campaign of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich. Another interesting example of editions of the Moscow Print Yard already from the post-schism period is the Irmologion of 1657, in which course of the description significant differences from other known copies were revealed. The late Old Believers liturgical books, that preserved the fragments of hand-written and early printed books, give interesting owners signs. The collection of synodal publications of the St Luke parish library covers a wide chronological and thematic range. Besides liturgical books such as psalteries, missal books, miscellanies of Akathist hymns there are also collections of sermons, manuals on theology, church singing and Sacred history. The article presents brief versions of the books of Cyrillic press of the St Like parish library, clearly showing the wide geographical distribution of the Russian Orthodox book both in the late medieval times and in the 20th century, as well as characteristic signs of its existence in various readership.
SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS OF NOVOSIBIRSK UNIVERSITIES IN SPSTL SB RAS’ COLLECTIONS
Authors: Bakhteeva Т V. , Kovrigina Т. S. , Makhotina N. V. , Fedotova O. P.
Published: January 2021

The legal deposit copy, obliging each recipient to provide its eternal preservation, has always guaranteed the completeness of joint library resources, formed by native libraries. In course of time, a new approach proved itself: if it were undesirable and, moreover, impossible in the conditions of stack crisis to preserve constantly everything published, the depository libraries should be given the right to choose materials having permanent information, cultural and historical value. It determined the necessity of partnership between libraries of different types and kinds, coordination in document resources formation, other activities aspects. However, a number of legal juristic acts and financial documents, adopted in the previous decade, changed the paradigm of interrelations between institutions of different financial forms. Profiling their resources, libraries of higher educational institutions consciously limit subjects and types of editions as well as depth of their retrospection with due regard for possibilities of satisfying their users’ wide information needs by the stocks of other – basicly large universal scientific – libraries. For all that, practice of stocks formation even in SPSTL SB RAS indicates of the short supply – because of small circulation of this literature, lack of proper information and non- receipt of legal copies, etc. – of scientific editions of this segment. Statistic data formed on the base of a number of Novosibirsk State Universities publishing repertory as well the results of the analysis of this segment of SPSTL SB RAS stocks could serve as an obvious case. We suppose that it is necessary to cumulate statistical data on other basic universities of the Siberian Federal Region (SFR). That will permit, from our viewpoint, not only to determine with a high degree of certainty modern completeness and guality of SPSTL SB RAS’ stock formation as the receiver of the legal deposit copy, but also to formulate perspectives of interaction between all the actors of the territorial scientific-aducational complex.
Influence of Pore Size on Toughness of Fe-Mo-Cu-C Sintered and Carburized Components
Authors: Takashita Takuya , Kabayashi Akio
Published: January 2021

The influence of pore size on the toughness of Fe-Mo-Cu-C sintered and carburized components was investigated. The charpy impact value of the component made from Fe-0.4%Mo diffusion-alloyed steel powder mixed with 2%Cu powder and 0.3% graphite powder significantly increased with a decrease in pore size. The highest impact value of 17 J/cm2 was obtained at the average pore size of 12 µm. This value was 25% higher than that of the sintered and carburized component made from conventional Fe- 4%Ni-1.5%Cu-0.5%Mo alloyed steel powder called 4Ni even though the component was made from a Ni-free alloyed steel powder. The mechanism of the improvement of the impact value by pore size refinement and the influence of microstructural difference between the components made from Fe- 0.4%Mo diffusion-alloyed steel powder and 4Ni on toughness is discussed based on optical microstructural observation and crystal orientation analysis data.
Implementation of Business Competition Violation Norms in the Decision of the Business Competition Supervision Commission
Authors: Ma’ruf Arifin , Setiyawan Wahyu Beny Mukti , Widiatama Widiatama
Published: January 2021

This paper analyzes the application of norms concerning violations of business competition in KPPU decisions. The case study in this paper is in the case of violations of business competition conducted by PT Forisa Nusapersada in Case Decision Number 14/KPPU-L/2015. As a comparison, this study also compares the application of norms in cases that are almost similar, namely the Decision of the Case KPPU Number 14/ KPPU-L/ 2015 with the Decision of the Case KPPU Number: 06/KPPU-L/2004. The results of the research show that in addition to Article 19 and Article 25 above, KPPU should also apply Article 52 paragraph (2) letter a and Article 15 paragraph (3) of Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition in the case of PT Forisa Nusapersada.

 
Reputation Building as a Strategy for Terror Group Survival
Authors: TOKDEMİR Efe
Published: January 2021

In this paper I investigate terror groups' survival. The fate of terrorists hinges heavily on the power the terror group derives from its reputation. The reputation, which depends on policies and actions the group takes within their constituency, determines the degree to which each group can find recruits, resources, and support for its cause. I contend that terror groups investing on positive or negative reputation within their constituency— the people they claim to represent==are likely to survive longer. Yet, I argue, building a positive reputation has a greater impact on a group’s staying power given that this attracts loyal and committed supporters. Conversely, groups with no clearly defined reputation-building policies undergo an organizational change. I find support for my expectations by testing my arguments over all domestic terror groups active between 1980 and 2011 using the RTG and GTD databases. The findings reveal that once a terrorist group is formed, it is exceedingly difficult to obliterate it so long as it follows a clear reputational strategy to achieve their goals.
DAFTAR ISI Volume 3, Nomor 2, November 2020.
Authors: Kunto Imbar
Published: January 2021

Ummu Kulsum Wiyarandi, Dr. KHAERUDIN, M.Pd, & Diana Ariani, S.Pd., M.Pd. (2020). Pengembangan Kurikulum Program Tahfidz Al-Qur’an di Pondok Qur’an Bahrul Ulum Bogor . Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 79 - 87. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.01

Fahrenza, R., Cecep Kustandi, & Kunto Imbar Nursetyo. (2020). Pengembangan Modul Belajar Bahasa Mandarin di BLK PT Trias Insan Madani. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 88 - 96. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.02.

Mariliana Berlian, Suprayekti, & Retno Widyaningrum. (2020). Pengembangan Strategi Pembelajaran Menyenangkan “Permainan Bisik Berantai” Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas II di SD Mardi Yuana. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 97 - 103. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.03.  

 Zuraida, A. H. M. B., Suprayekti, & Retno Widyaningrum. (2020). Desain Program Pelatihan “Pengenalan Dasar-Dasar Asuransi” Untuk Karyawan Baru Pada PT ASABRI (Persero) . Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 104 - 112. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.04.

Imam, A., Cecep Kustandi, & Retno Widyaningrum. (2020). Pengembangan Blended Learning untuk Mata Kuliah Pengembangan Media Sederhana Teknologi Pendidikan. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 113 - 122. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.05.

Rahmi Citra Lestari, Mulyadi, M.Pd, & Kunto Imbar Nursetyo, S.Pd. (2020). Evaluasi Reaksi Dalam Pelaksanaan Program Cool Class Di BTPN Syariah. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 123 - 131. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.06.

QD, A., Kustandi, C., & Imbar, K. (2020). Kajian Pengembangan Web HyLearn oleh Dosen Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 132 - 139. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.07.

Defrian Putut Wasitto. (2020). Evaluasi pelatihan peningkatan kompetensi TIK Pustekkom untuk guru di Papua dan Papua Barat. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 140 - 143. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.08.

Ariani, D. (2020). Gamifikasi untuk Pembelajaran. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 144 - 149. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.09.

Mariyana, R. (2020). Pengembangan Desain Model Pembelajaran Virtual Flipped Classroom. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 3(2), 150 - 156. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.032.10.
Pengembangan Modul Belajar Bahasa Mandarin di BLK PT Trias Insan Madani
Authors: Fahrenza Rizky , Cecep Kustandi  , Kunto Imbar Nursetyo
Published: January 2021

Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan sebuah media cetak berupa Modul Belajar Dasar-Dasar Bahasa Mandarin. Secara umum penelitian pengembangan ini mempunyai tujuan menghasilkan modul cetak untuk memfasilitasi peserta pelatihan berlatih berbicara bahasa Mandarin dalam pekerjaan mereka sehari-hari. Pengembangan modul ini mengacu pada model pengembangan produk yaitu Model Rowntree. Model ini membagi tahapan pengembangan dalam tiga tahapan, tahap perencanaan, tahapan persiapan penulisan, dan tahap penulisan dan penyuntingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan evaluasi formatif dengan melibatkan 2 ahli materi, 1 ahli media, dan 1 ahli desain pembelajaran. Hasil ujicoba yang didapat secara keseluruhan baik dengan nilai rata-rata 5,72 dari 7. Data dari one-to-one mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 6,44 dari 7. Sedangkan data dari small group mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 6,45 dari 7, artinya modul dapat dinilai sangat baik. Berdasarkan proses dan prosedur dalam mengembangkan modul, serta ujicoba yang telah dilakukan dapat dinyatakan bahwa modul belajar dasar-dasar bahasa Mandarin memiliki kualitas yang baik dan layak untuk digunakan sebagai sumber belajar.
Patient with Multiple Rib Fractures Developed into Phrenic Hernia after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Cheng Shaowen , Yang Jian , Peng Lei , Chen Yangping , Hu Zhihua
Published: January 2021

Background: Phrenic hernia is a rare condition in patients with multiple rib fractures after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We report a 28-year-old case of multiple injuries with multiple rib fractures who developed Phrenic hernia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Case presentation: We report a case of a young woman who developed sudden respiratory and cardiac arrest during treatment in the intensive care unit with severe multiple injuries with multiple fractures of the left rib. The patient developed a left diaphragmatic hernia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, causing the stomach and part of the liver to enter the left chest. After emergency operation, the patient was in stable condition and finally recovered and discharged from hospital.Conclusion: It is easy to cause diaphragmatic hernia in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation for patients with rib fracture, but sometimes it is necessary to carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation before saving the patient's life. Once diagnosed with diaphragmatic hernia, surgical treatment should be done as soon as possible to avoid organ necrosis.
A Modified Regularization Approach to MIT Image Reconstruction Based on PSO-SA
Authors: Lu Tian , Yang Dan , Wang Xu , Zhang Xinhui , Guo Wenxin
Published: January 2021

Background: Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a promising imaging modality of electrical tomography. The precision of image reconstruction algorithms in MIT places the key role in its application in industrial and biomedical fields. Image reconstruction in MIT is an ill-posed inverse problem. Regularization algorithms are effective to handle the ill-posed problem. However it is difficult to select its proper regularization parameter, larger or smaller regularization parameter will both effect on the quality of the reconstructed images.Methods: In this paper, firstly, the regularization principle of image reconstruction of MIT is analyzed. Then, we take the dimension of the Hessian matrix as the prior knowledge to obtain a novel penalty term, and add it to hybrid regularization algorithm, including Tikhonov and NOSER regularization, to propose a modified hybrid regularization algorithm. Secondly, selection for regularization parameters of image reconstruction algorithm is considered as a typical optimization problem, Particle swarm optimization with simulated annealing (PSO-SA) algorithm is used to solve the optimal solution.Results: Numberial experiments with six typical models and cerebral hemorrhage model were carried out. The correlation coefficient (CC), relative error (RE) and condition number of Hessian matrix are used as evaluation metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results obtained from the proposed method have lower REs and higher CCs compared to the other two methods. And the condition number of Hessian matrix in the proposed method is greatly reduced.Conclusions: The experimental results can prove the validity of the proposed method. The proposed method is capable of enhancing accuracy and noise immunity, which most closely coincides with the true conductivity distributions. Our method has better reconstructed quality compared with the other two methods, and it provides a theoretical reference for the development of application of the MIT technique in clinical decision application.
Uremia causes dysbiosis-mediated periodontal disease
Authors: Randall David , Alsam Asil , Kieswich Julius , Joseph Susan , Aduse-Opoku Joseph , Davis Graham , Mills David , Boyde Alan , Swann Jonathan , Thiemermann Christoph , McCafferty Kieran , Curtis Mike , Yaqoob Magdi
Published: January 2021

It is presently unclear why there is a high prevalence of periodontal disease (PD) in individuals living with chronic kidney disease (CKD). By employing three different models in rats and mice, we demonstrate that experimental uremia causes periodontal bone loss. Uremia alters the biochemical composition of saliva and induces progressive dysbiosis of the oral microbiota, with microbial samples from uremic animals displaying reduced overall bacterial growth, increased alpha diversity, reduced abundance of key components of the healthy oral microbiota such as Streptococcus and Rothia, and an increase in minor taxa including those from gram-negative phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. We show that transfer of oral microbiota from uremic mice induces PD in germ-free animals, whilst co-housing with healthy animals ameliorates the PD phenotype in rats. Thus, we advocate that periodontal disease should be regarded as a bacterially mediated complication of chronic uremia.
CASTELO: Clustered Atom Subtypes Aided Lead Optimization - A Combined Machine Learning and Molecular Modeling Method
Authors: Zhang Leili , Domeniconi Giacomo , Yang Chih-Chieh , Kang Seung-gu , Zhou Ruhong , Cong Guojing
Published: January 2021

Background: Drug discovery is a multi-stage process that comprises two costly major steps: pre-clinical research and clinical trials. Among its stages, lead optimization easily consumes more than half of the pre-clinical budget. We propose a combined machine learning and molecular modeling approach that partially automates lead optimization workflow in silico, providing suggestions for modification hot spots.Results: The initial data collection is achieved with physics-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Contact matrices are calculated as the preliminary features extracted from the simulations. To take advantage of the temporal information from the simulations, we enhanced contact matrices data with temporal dynamism representation, which are then modeled with unsupervised convolutional variational autoencoder (CVAE). Finally, conventional and CVAE-based clustering methods are compared with metrics to rank the submolecular structures and propose potential candidates for lead optimization.Conclusion: With no need for extensive structure-activity data, our method provides new hints for drug modification hotspots which can be used to improve drug potency and reduce the lead optimization time. It can potentially become a valuable tool for medicinal chemists.
Fetal Growth Restriction as the Initial Finding of Preeclampsia is a Clinical Predictor of Maternal and Neonatal Prognoses: A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Takahashi Masaya , Makino Shintaro , Oguma Kyoko , Imai Haruka , Takamizu Ai , Koizumi Akari , Yoshida Koyo
Published: January 2021

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder specific to pregnancy, which sometimes causes severe maternal-neonatal complications. The International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy revised their criteria for PE in 2018; a PE diagnosis can be established in the absence of proteinuria when other specific symptoms exist, such as other organ dysfunction or uteroplacental dysfunction. Therefore, the initial findings of PE (IFsPE) at the first diagnosis can vary considerably across patients. However, there are no reports on patients with PE based on different IFsPE and their impact on patients’ clinical outcomes. Thus, we aimed to investigate the predictors of maternal and neonatal outcomes based on IFsPE according to the new criteria.Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 3729 women who delivered at our hospital between 2015 and 2019. All women were reclassified based on the new criteria. They were divided into three groups based on the IFsPE: Classification 1 (C-1), proteinuria (classical criteria); Classification 2 (C-2), damage to other maternal organs; and Classification 3 (C-3), uteroplacental dysfunction. Maternal and fetal conditions and perinatal outcomes were assessed in the three groups.Results: In total, 104 women with PE were included. Of those, 42 (40.4%), 28 (26.9%), and 34 (32.7%) were assigned to C-1, C-2, and C-3 groups, respectively. All women in C-3 showed fetal growth restriction (FGR). The number of gestational weeks at PE diagnosis and delivery was significantly lower in the C-3 group (C-1, 35.5±3.0 weeks; C-2, 35.2±3.6 weeks; C-3, 31.6±4.6 weeks, P < 0.01; and C-1, 36.8±2.8 weeks; C-2, 36.3±3.2 weeks; C-3, 33.4±4.4 weeks, P < 0.01, respectively). The rates of preterm delivery at < 34 weeks (odds ratio [OR]=4.58 [1.74-12.10] and OR=2.83 [1.01-7.97]), cesarean delivery (OR=4.35 [1.41-13.45] and OR=5.03 [1.51-16.78]), Apgar scores < 7 at 1 min (OR=6.58 [2.08-20.80] and OR=4.09 [1.26-13.29]), neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR=12.19 [3.62-41.08], OR=7.50 [2.09-26.96]), and composite neonatal complications (OR=6.58 [2.08-20.80] and OR=5.33 [1.52-18.70]) were significantly higher in the C-3 group than in the C-1 and C-2 groups.Conclusions: PE patients with FGR had the most unfavorable prognosis for both maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRAS Transcription Factor Family and its Response to Abiotic Stress in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
Authors: Fan Yu , Yan Jun , Lai Dili , Yang Hao , Xue Guoxing , He Ailing , Feng Liang , Chen Long , Cheng Xiao-bin , Ruan Jingjun , Cheng Jianping
Published: January 2021

Background: GRAS is a very important family of transcription factors that are unique to plants, playing important roles in plant development and their response to abiotic stress. Since the sequencing of the sorghum genome, a large number of genetic studies based on this genomic information have been carried out. Nevertheless, no detailed identification or genome-wide analysis of GRAS family genes in Sorghum bicolor has been published.Results: A total of 81 SbGRAS genes were identified based on the S. bicolor genome. They were named SbGRAS01 to SbGRAS81 and grouped into 13 subfamilies (LISCL, DLT, OS19, SCL4/7, PAT1, SHR, SCL3, HAM-1, SCR, DELLA, HAM-2, LAS and OS4). SbGRAS genes are not evenly distributed on the chromosomes, and we found tandem duplication events and segmental duplications of SbGRAS genes on S. bicolor chromosomes. According to the results of the gene and motif composition, SbGRAS members located in the same group contained analogous intron/exon and motif organizations. By quantitative (q) RT-PCR, we quantified the expression of SbGRAS members in different plant tissues and in plants exposed to six abiotic stresses at the seedling stage. We also measured gibberellin content under the different abiotic stresses.Conclusions: We identified 81 SbGRAS genes and further analyzed their structural composition, and evolution and expression patterns of SbGRAS proteins. The latter analysis indicated that SbGRAS is important in the course of plant development and its response to abiotic stress. Collectively, this systematic analysis lays the foundation for further study of the functional characteristics of GRAS genes of S. bicolor.
Efficacy And Dose Effect Of Intradiscal Injection Of Sustained-Release Simvastatin Hydrogel For Treatment Of Discogenic Low Back Pain In Rabbitsintradiscal 
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Wang Weiheng , Ye Xiaojian , Lin Chia- Ying , Wu Zenghui
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and dose effect of intradiscal injection of simvastatin sustained release hydrogel in the treatment of discogenic low back pain in rabbits.Methods: 36 female rabbits were randomly divided into G1 and G2 groups. In group G1, L1/2 was disc degeneration (group DDD), L2/3 was normal group (control group), L3/4 was medium dose treatment group (1mg/ml, DDD+ medium group), L4/5 was normal group, L5/6 was intervertebral disc degeneration + hydrogel segment (medium group). In group G2, L1 / 2 was degenerative segment, L2 / 3 was normal group, L3 / 4 was low-dose treatment segment (0.3mg/ml, DDD + low-dose group), L4 / 5 was normal group, L5 / 6 was high-dose treatment segment (3mg / ml, DDD + high-dose group). The intervertebral disc was evaluated by X-ray, MRI, water content, and hematoxylin-eosin.Result: At 12 and 24 weeks after treatment, the% DHI of control group and DDD + high were higher than those of DDD group and DDD + gel group (P <0.05); T2 image signal of the DDD+High group and Control group is better than DDD group, DDD+GEL group, DDD+ Medium and DDD +Low group (P <0.05). Intradiscal injection of simvastatin can delay disc degeneration and has a dose effect. At 4 and 12 weeks after treatment, the water content of intervertebral disc in control group and DDD + high group in control group were higher than DDD group, DDD + gel group and DDD + low group(P <0.05). Conclution：we verified the therapeutic efficacy and dose effect of simvastatin sustained-release system in rabbit DLBP model. The optimal treatment concentration was further optimized based on the dose gradient.
Latrine coverage and associated factors among urban communities found in Ambo town, West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Samuel Fikresilasie , Demissew Assalif , Alem Yonas , Hailesilassie Yonas
Published: January 2021

Background: Latrine is one of many emergency responses essential for people’s dignity, safety, health and well-beings. It is a major priority, and the coverage needs to be addressed with as much speed and effort as possible. This study is intended to find out the latrine coverage and associated risk factors which hinders the coverage in Ambo town, Ethiopia.Methods: A survey was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016 among the community found in Ambo town. About 321 households were recruited in the study. Data on latrine coverage and associated risk factors like socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral and environmental factors were collected using pretested questionnaire. Risk factors related to latrine coverage were tested to determine the potential of these factors to limit latrine availability in Ambo town.Results: This study results showed that 265(82.3%) of subjects had a latrine. Among these majority of latrines 194(60.2%) were traditional pit latrines. About 123 (38.2%) of latrines found in this study, had a hand washing facility whereas, 142 (44.1%) had not these facilities. Factors like: religion, family size, and educational level of respondents were significantly associated with availability of latrines (P<0.05).Conclusions: Based on this study finding, the latrine coverage in ambo town is very good though the coverage of improved latrines still needs attention at all level of stakeholders. Most of latrines were traditional pit latrines. Enhancing the awareness level of the community about sanitation and its benefit would facilitate the coverage and the quality of latrines.
Comparing the efficacy and safety of Dexmedetomidine/Ketamine with Propofol/Fentanyl for sedation in colonoscopy patients: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Authors: Aminnejad Reza , Hormati Ahmad , Shafiee Hamed , Alemi Faezeh , Hormati Maryam , Saeidi Mohammad , Ahmadpour Sajjad , Sabouri Seyed Mahdi , Aghaali Mohammad
Published: January 2021

BackgroundIn this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, we aimed to compare safety and efficacy of combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine (DK) with propofol and fentanyl (PF) for sedation in colonoscopy patients.MethodsIn this study, 64 patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized in two groups, A, receiving PF, and B receiving DK for sedation. Among 64 patients, 31 patients included in PF and 33 patients included in DK group. Both groups were similar in terms of demographics. Patients’ sedation score (based on Ramsy scale) and vital signs recorded at the times of 2, 5, 10 and 15 minutes. Complications including apnea, hypotension, hypoxia, nausea and vomiting along with gastroenterologist satisfaction and patients’ pain score (based on Wong Baker faces pain assessment scale) recorded by a checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS V.18, using chi-square, independent t-tests and repeated measure analysis with a p value < 0.05 significance level.ResultsThe mean score of sedation was 4.82 ± 0.49 in DK group and 5.22 ± 0.45 in PF group (p value = 0.001). Serious complications, including hypotension (p value = 0.005) and apnea (p value = 0.10) were significantly higher in PF group. Satisfaction of gastroenterologist (p value = 0.400) and patients’ pain score (p value = 0.900) were similar among groups.ConclusionCombination of DK provides sufficient sedation with less complications in compare with PF in colonoscopy patients.Trial registrationThe study protocol designed on the basis of Helsinki declaration for ethical consideration and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences (ethics code: IR.MUQ.REC.1397.149); the study was also registered at the Iranian Center for Clinical Trials (No. IRCT20161205031252N11).
Cardiopulmonary protection of modified remote ischemic preconditioning in mitral valve replacement surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Kang , Zhang Lianqin , Gu Tianzhu , Xu Jingjing , Shi Mengzhu , Zhu Jiang , Liu Jindong
Published: January 2021

BackgroundRemote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is reported to have early-phase and delayed-phase organ-protective effects. Whether the modified RIPC (mRIPC) protocol performed repeatedly provides cardiopulmonary protection is still uncertain.MethodsIn this single-center, randomized, controlled trial, 86 patients undergoing elective mitral valve replacement (MVR) surgery were randomized 1:1 to receive either mRIPC or no ischemic preconditioning (control). Three cycles of 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion induced by a blood pressure cuff served as the RIPC stimulus. Modified RIPC was induced at the following three time points: 24 h, 12 h and 1 h before surgery. Blood samples were withdrawn at 10 min after intubation (T0), at 1 h after aortic declamping (T1), and at 6 h (T2), 12 h (T3), and 24 h (T4) after surgery to measure the serum concentrations of myocardial enzymes and other biomarkers, including cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which was the primary end point of this study. Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inotropic score (IS) and inflammatory mediators were also measured. Blood gas analysis was conducted to calculate the PaO2/FiO2 ratio and A-aDO2, and the incidence of acute lung injury (ALI) was also recorded.ResultsModified RIPC significantly decreased the serum concentrations of cTnI, CK-MB and LDH at T2, T3 and T4 (P < 0.01), and the IS decreased compared with that in the control group (11.96 ± 0.92 vs. 14.20 ± 1.09, P < 0.01). In addition, the incidence of ALI in the mRIPC group was decreased (18.60% vs. 34.88%, P = 0.046), and the PaO2/FiO2 was higher at T4 (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the control group, the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were decreased at T1, T2, T3 and T4 (P < 0.05) in the mRIPC group, and the level of IL-10 increased at the same time.ConclusionsModified RIPC decreased the incidence of myocardial and lung injury in MVR surgery, providing new evidence for the clinical application of RIPC in valve surgery.Trial registrationThis study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03010839). Date of Registration on November 5th, 2016.
The Effect of Yoga on the Delivery and Neonatal Outcomes in Nulliparous Pregnant Women in Iran: a Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Yekefallah Leili , Namdar Peyman , dehghankar Leila , Golestaneh4 Fereshteh , Taheri Soghra , Mohammadkhaniha Frahnaz
Published: January 2021

Background: yoga can reduce the risk of preterm delivery, cesarean section (CS), and fetal death. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of yoga on pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes. Methods: the random allocation method was used among 70 nulliparous women. The data collection tool was a questionnaire pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes. The intervention in this study was practicing hate yoga. Results: The results showed that yoga reduced the induction of labor, the episiotomy rupture, duration of labor, also had a significant effect on normal birth weight and delivery at the appropriate gestational age. There were significant differences between the first and second Apgar scores of the infants.Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that yoga can improve the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth. they can be used as part of the care protocol along with childbirth preparation classes to reduce the complications of pregnancy and childbirth.Trial registration: IRCT20180623040197N2