bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthy dietary patterns and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in less-developed ethnic minority regions: a large cross-sectional study
Authors: Xie Xiaofen , Guo Bing , Xiao Xiong , Yin Jianzhong , Wang Ziyun , Jiang Xiaoman , Li Jingzhong , Long Lu , Zhou Junmin , Zhang Ning , Zhang Yuan , Chen Ting , Kangzhuo Baima , Zhao Xing
Published: January 2022

Background

Little is known about the associations between healthy dietary patterns and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in less-developed ethnic minority regions (LEMRs), where the prevalence of MAFLD is increasing rapidly and dietary habits are quite different from those in developed countries. Moreover, a significant subset of MAFLD individuals in LEMRs are nonobese, but the efficacy of dietary patterns on MAFLD individuals with different obese statuses is also unclear. We aimed to test the associations of two wildly recommended a priori dietary patterns—Alternate Mediterranean diet (AMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)—with the risk of MAFLD in the total population, and further in nonobese and obese individuals.

Methods

We recruited 99,556 participants in the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study, an ongoing cohort study in less-developed southwest China. Using validated food frequency questionnaire, each participant was assigned an AMED score and a DASH score. MAFLD was ascertained as hepatic steatosis on ultrasound together with diabetes, overweight/obesity, or two other metabolic risk factors. We performed logistic regression with inverse probability of exposure weighting (IPEW) to examine associations between two dietary patterns and MAFLD, adjusting for potential confounders under the guidance of directed acyclic graphs. Further, analyses were stratified by body mass index.

Results

We included 66,526 participants (age 49.5±11.0; 62.6% women), and the prevalence of MAFLD was 16.1%. Participants in the highest quintile of DASH score showed strong inverse associations with risks of MAFLD (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80-0.91; Ptrend < 0.001) compared with participants in the lowest quintile. The association between DASH and nonobese MAFLD (OR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.61-0.78; Ptrend < 0.001) was stronger (I2 = 78.5 % ; Pheterogeneity = 0.001) than that with obese MAFLD (OR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98; Ptrend = 0.002). There was a null association between AMED and MAFLD risk.

Conclusions

In LEMRs, a DASH diet but not AMED was associated with MAFLD. The relationship appeared to be more pronounced in nonobese MAFLD individuals than in obese MAFLD individuals.
Heating effect on quality characteristics of mixed canola cooking oils
Authors: Baig Ayesha , Zubair Muhammad , Sumrra Sajjad Hussain , Nazar Muhammad Faizan , Zafar Muhammad Nadeem , Jabeen Kausar , Hassan Muhammad Bilal , Rashid Umer
Published: January 2022

Background

The subcontinent is famous for its variety of seasonal foods cooked in vegetable seed cooking oils at elevated heating. Oils are often of poor quality that effect to consumer health. The work, therefore, planned to examine the effects of heat on the quality of mixed canola cooking oils (MCCOs). MCCOs were analyzed by preparing volatile fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and for physiochemical properties.

Results

A major change was observed in the FAs composition of various MCCOs as coded K-1 to K-5. MCCOs were found rich in unsaturated 9-octadecanoic acid (oleic acid C18:1) and 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid C18:2) along saturated octadecanoic acid (stearic acid C18:0). Results reveals that canola oil samples are mixed in the range of 4–30% with other vegetable oils and animal fats. The quality of canola cooking oils further reduced after heating to 100 °C, 200 °C and 350 °C, respectively. Quality parameters of MCCOs were significantly altered after heating and found as color (510–520 nm to 570–600 nm), mass 220–237 g to 210–225 g, volume 250 mL to 239 mL, pH (6.76–6.89), specific gravity (0.87–0.92), refractive index (1.471–1.475), saponification value (SV) (0.7–2.5), un-saponifiable matter (2.4–9.8%) and acid value (AV) (1.20–5.0 mg KOH).

Conclusion

Heating of oils at elevated temperature have shown a significant effect on pH, specific gravity and un-saponifiable matter (p-value < 0.05). Large changes in the physicochemical parameters and FAs composition help to develop a conclusion that cooking at high temperatures affects the quality of mixed canola cooking oils.
Activity-based protein profiling reveals dynamic substrate-specific cellulase secretion by saprotrophic basidiomycetes
Authors: McGregor Nicholas G. S. , de Boer Casper , Santos Mikhaaeel , Haon Mireille , Navarro David , Schroder Sybrin , Berrin Jean-Guy , Overkleeft Herman S. , Davies Gideon J.
Published: January 2022

Background

Fungal saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass occurs concurrently with the secretion of a diverse collection of proteins, together functioning as a catalytic system to liberate soluble sugars from insoluble composite biomaterials. How different fungi respond to different substrates is of fundamental interest to the developing biomass saccharification industry. Among the cornerstones of fungal enzyme systems are the highly expressed cellulases (endo-β-glucanases and cellobiohydrolases). Recently, a cyclophellitol-derived activity-based probe (ABP-Cel) was shown to be a highly sensitive tool for the detection and identification of cellulases.

Results

Here we show that ABP-Cel enables endo-β-glucanase profiling in diverse fungal secretomes. In combination with established ABPs for β-xylanases and β-d-glucosidases, we collected multiplexed in-gel fluorescence activity-based protein profiles of 240 secretomes collected over ten days from biological replicates of ten different basidiomycete fungi grown on maltose, wheat straw, or aspen pulp. Our results reveal the remarkable dynamics and unique enzyme fingerprints associated with each species substrate combination. Chemical proteomic analysis identifies significant arsenals of cellulases secreted by each fungal species during growth on lignocellulosic biomass. Recombinant production and characterization of a collection of probe-reactive enzymes from GH5, GH10, and GH12 confirm that ABP-Cel shows broad selectivity towards enzymes with endo-β-glucanase activity.

Conclusion

Using small-volume samples with minimal sample preparation, the results presented here demonstrate the ready accessibility of sensitive direct evidence for fungal enzyme secretion during early stages of growth on complex lignocellulosic substrates.
OSKM-mediated reversible reprogramming of cardiomyocytes regenerates injured myocardium
Authors: Farber Gregory , Liu Jiandong , Qian Li
Published: January 2022

Cellular reprogramming has rapidly become a promising methodology to generate new cardiomyocytes from non-cardiomyocyte cell types. Using the transient expression of OSKM factors, Chen et al. demonstrate a unique reprogramming strategy involving the modulation of the resident adult cardiomyocyte identity to an immature proliferative state (Science 373:1537–40, 2021). This OSKM-mediated reversion results in the adoption by adult murine cardiomyocytes of a transcriptional profile similar to cardiomyocytes found in developing hearts, as well as increased proliferative capacity of these reprogrammed cardiomyocytes compared to mature cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, this novel approach enhances the regeneration of adult murine hearts post-myocardial injury. Although concerns and questions remain, the encouraging results of this study advance the field of cardiac regeneration by providing a new technique to generate cardiomyocytes as well as insights into cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and its relation to proliferation.
Comparative risk of incidence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 among proton pump inhibitor and histamine-2 receptor antagonist short-term users: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Park Jimyung , You Seng Chan , Cho Jaehyeong , Park Chan Hyuk , Shin Woon Geon , Park Rae Woong , In Seo Seung
Published: January 2022

Background

This study aimed to evaluate incidence risk and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 disease among short-term users of acid-suppressants in South Korea.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study, conducted using a nationwide claims database for South Korea, used data from patients with COVID-19 tested between January 1 and May 15, 2020. Patients aged over 18 years and prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPI) or histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) for more than 7 days were identified. Primary outcome was COVID-19 while secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, hospitalization with respiratory disease, or intensive respiratory intervention. Large-scale propensity scores were used to match patients, while the Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to evaluate any association between exposure and outcome(s). The risk estimates were calibrated by using 123 negative control outcomes.

Results

We identified 26,166 PPI users and 62,117 H2RA users. After propensity score matching, compared to H2RA use, PPI use was not significantly associated with lower risk of COVID-19 (calibrated hazard ratio [HR], 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30–2.19]); moreover, PPI use was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19, namely, hospitalization with respiratory disease (calibrated HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.72–1.08]), intensive respiratory interventions (calibrated HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.46–1.82]), except for all-cause mortality (calibrated HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.31–0.95]).

Conclusions

In this study, we found that the PPI user was not associated with risk of COVID-19 compared to H2RA users. There was no significant relationship between severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and exposure to PPI compared with H2RA, except for all-cause mortality.
Metastasis of breast cancer to the right kidney with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava: a case report
Authors: Nagata Ayako , Shinden Yoshiaki , Nomoto Yuki , Saho Hazuki , Nakajo Akihiro , Minami Koji , Kumagae Yuichi , Kirishima Mari , Owaki Tetsuhiro , Ohtsuka Takao
Published: January 2022

Background

It is quite rare for breast cancer to metastasize to the kidney with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava.

Case presentation

A Japanese woman in her forties was diagnosed with cancer of the left breast and underwent left mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy. The final pathological diagnosis was pT1aN0M0, stage IA (ER positive, PgR positive, HER2 negative). Thirteen years later, she presented for care with the complaint of abdominal pain. By imaging findings, right renal carcinoma with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava and lung metastases was suspected. However, her tumors were refractory to molecular targeted therapy. In addition, CT-guided needle biopsy of the kidney and lung lesions was done and it was revealed that lesions of the left lung and the right kidney was breast cancer metastases (ER positive, PgR positive, HER2 negative). The patient started combination therapy consisting of abemaciclib, tamoxifen and leuprorelin. Six months later, she died from progression of her metastatic disease.

Conclusions

It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between primary renal cancer and kidney metastases from breast cancer on imaging. Renal biopsy is recommended before commencing treatment.
The Effect of Load and Volume Autoregulation on Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hickmott Landyn M. , Chilibeck Philip D. , Shaw Keely A. , Butcher Scotty J.
Published: January 2022

Background

Autoregulation has emerged as a potentially beneficial resistance training paradigm to individualize and optimize programming; however, compared to standardized prescription, the effects of autoregulated load and volume prescription on muscular strength and hypertrophy adaptations are unclear. Our objective was to compare the effect of autoregulated load prescription (repetitions in reserve-based rating of perceived exertion and velocity-based training) to standardized load prescription (percentage-based training) on chronic one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength and cross-sectional area (CSA) hypertrophy adaptations in resistance-trained individuals. We also aimed to investigate the effect of volume autoregulation with velocity loss thresholds ≤ 25% compared to > 25% on 1RM strength and CSA hypertrophy.

Methods

This review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus was conducted. Mean differences (MD), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated. Sub-analyses were performed as applicable.

Results

Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis: six studies on load autoregulation and nine studies on volume autoregulation. No significant differences between autoregulated and standardized load prescription were demonstrated for 1RM strength (MD = 2.07, 95% CI – 0.32 to 4.46 kg, p = 0.09, SMD = 0.21). Velocity loss thresholds ≤ 25% demonstrated significantly greater 1RM strength (MD = 2.32, 95% CI 0.33 to 4.31 kg, p = 0.02, SMD = 0.23) and significantly lower CSA hypertrophy (MD = 0.61, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.16 cm2, p = 0.03, SMD = 0.28) than velocity loss thresholds > 25%. No significant differences between velocity loss thresholds > 25% and 20–25% were demonstrated for hypertrophy (MD = 0.36, 95% CI – 0.29 to 1.00 cm2, p = 0.28, SMD = 0.13); however, velocity loss thresholds > 25% demonstrated significantly greater hypertrophy compared to thresholds ≤ 20% (MD = 0.64, 95% CI 0.07 to 1.20 cm2, p = 0.03, SMD = 0.34).

Conclusions

Collectively, autoregulated and standardized load prescription produced similar improvements in strength. When sets and relative intensity were equated, velocity loss thresholds ≤ 25% were superior for promoting strength possibly by minimizing acute neuromuscular fatigue while maximizing chronic neuromuscular adaptations, whereas velocity loss thresholds > 20–25% were superior for promoting hypertrophy by accumulating greater relative volume.

Protocol Registration The original protocol was prospectively registered (CRD42021240506) with the PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews).
Initial coin offerings (ICOs): Why do they succeed?
Authors: Campino José , Brochado Ana , Rosa Álvaro
Published: January 2022

Recent literature has addressed initial coin offering (ICO) projects, which are an innovative form of venture financing through cryptocurrencies using blockchain technology. Many features of ICOs remain unexplored, leaving much room for additional research, including the success factors of ICO projects. We investigate the success of ICO projects, with our main purpose being to identify factors that influence a project’s outcome. Following a literature review, from which several potential variables were collected, we used a database comprising 428 ICO projects in the banking/financial sector to regress several econometric models. We confirmed the impacts of several variables and obtained particularly valuable results concerning project and campaign variables. We confirmed the importance of a well-structured and informative whitepaper. The proximity to certain markets with high availability of financial and human capital is also an important determinant of the success of an ICO. We also confirm the strong dependency on cryptocurrency and the impact of cryptocurrency valuations on the success of a project. Furthermore, we confirm the importance of social media in ICO projects, as well as the importance of human capital characteristics. Our research contributes to the ICO literature by capturing most of the success factors previously identified and testing their impacts based on a large database. The current research contributes to the building of systems theory and signaling theory by adapting their frameworks to the ICO environment. Our results are also important for regulators, as ICOs are mainly unregulated and have vast future potential, and for investors, who can benefit from our analysis and use it in their due diligence.
How does CSR of food company affect customer loyalty in the context of COVID-19: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Zhang N.
Published: January 2022

Because of COVID-19 in the world, enterprises and consumers pay more and more attention to environmental protection, food safety and health issues. The purpose of this paper is to take China's food company as an example to study the impact of CSR on customer loyalty, mediating effects of company image and customer satisfaction, and moderating effects of COVID-19. The result shows that during COVID-19, company image and customer satisfaction have significant mediating effects, and COVID-19 positively moderate the impact of CSR on customer satisfaction.
Multiplexing modulation design optimization and quality evaluation of BDS-3 PPP service signal
Authors: Liu Cheng , Yao Zheng , Wang Dun , Gao Weiguang , Liu Tianxiong , Rao Yongnan , Li Dongjun , Su Chengeng
Published: January 2022

The Precise Point Positioning (PPP) service of BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) is implemented on its Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. However, its signal design is limited by the actual power of satellite and other conditions. Furthermore, the design needs to fully consider the compatibility of different service phases. Starting from the actual state of the BDS-3 GEO satellite, this paper studies the multiplexing modulation of the BDS PPP service signal that is based on the Asymmetric Constant Envelope Binary Offset Carrier (ACE-BOC) technique and proposes several feasible schemes for this signal. Comparison and optimization of these techniques are made from the aspects of transmission efficiency, multiplexing efficiency, and service forward compatibility. Based on the Type-III ACE-BOC multiplexing modulation technique, phase rotation and intermodulation reconstruction techniques are proposed to suppress the intermodulation interference issue. Finally, a signal based on improved ACE-BOC multiplexing is designed. The quality of the proposed signal was continuously monitored and tested using large-diameter antennas. The evaluation results show that the power spectrum deviation of the signal is 0.228 dB, the correlation loss is 0.110 dB, the S-curve slope deviation is 1.558% on average, the average length difference between the positive/negative chip and the ideal chip is only 0.0006 ns, and the coherence between the carrier and the pseudo code is 0.082°. All quality indicators are satisfactory, indicating that the proposed signal multiplexing modulation technique is an ideal solution that meets all the requirements of the design constraints, and can achieve efficient information broadcasting and forward compatibility of the BDS PPP service.
Combined surgical and intraoperative endoscopic rescue of a biliary incarcerated balloon dilator: a successful rescue in a fortunate patient
Authors: Alhaddad Omkolsoum , Elsabaawy Maha , Kamal Ahmed , Edrees Ahmed , Mansour Tarek
Published: January 2022

Background

Endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation (EPBD) is the second proposed maneuver for the endoscopic retrieval of common bile duct stones after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Being less traumatic, EPBD is acknowledged for fewer procedure-related complications compared to (EST).

Case presentation

We present a 55-year-old lady, who was referred to the pancreato-biliary division, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, for endoscopic management of a high likelihood of choledocholithiasis. Unfortunately, during the procedure, the balloon dilator was incarcerated inside the common bile duct (CBD) with failure of all endoscopic extraction trials. Because of the resultant cholangio-pancreatitis, the incarcerated inflated balloon had to be removed immediately. Open surgical rescue of the case in conjunction with the intraoperative endoscopic biliary stent deployment had made it possible to save the patient.

Conclusion

This case is one of the few reports of incarcerated balloon dilator during EPBD and failure of endoscopic retrieval, with subsequent acute pancreatitis/hepato-cholangitis, and gall bladder mucocele. Despite being a critical surgical candidate and owing to the attentive timely surgical intervention collaborated with the intra-operative endoscopic management, the case was fortunate.
Exploration of fragment-derived modulators of glycoside hydrolases
Authors: Μακράκη Ελένη
Published: January 2022

Προηγούμενη ερευνητική εργασία στο Πανεπιστήμιο του York έδειξε ότι μικρά μόρια μπορούν να αυξήσουν την ενεργότητα της βακτηριακής γλυκοσιδικής υδρολάσης, BtGH84. Ο αρχικός στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν η χρήση μεθόδων αναζήτησης μικρών μορίων για τον εντοπισμό ενεργοποιητών ενζύμων που χρησιμοποιούνται στην αποικοδόμηση της κυτταρίνης κατά την οποία η χαμηλή ενεργότητα αυτών των ενζύμων αποτελεί ανασταλτικό παράγοντα κατά τη βιομηχανική διαδικασία. Η μέθοδος αναζήτησης μικρών μορίων ήταν επιτυχής στην γλυκοσιδική υδρολάσης ενός μύκητα, TrBgl2. Ο χαρακτηρισμός του μηχανισμού ενεργοποίησης αυτού του ενζύμου είναι το επίκεντρο της παρούσας εργασίας. Μια βιβλιοθήκη 560 εμπορικά διαθέσιμων μικρών μορίων ελέγχθηκε μέσω μιας δοκιμασίας ενεργότητας η οποία εντόπισε ένα μικρό μόριο-ενεργοποιητή του TrBgl2. Ο έλεγχος χημικών αναλόγων του αρχικού μικρού μορίου-ενεργοποιητή και η λεπτομερής κινητική ανάλυση εντόπισε μόρια που συμπεριφέρονταν ως «nonessential» ενεργοποιητές του TrBgl2 και οι οποίοι αυξάνουν έως δύο φορές την μέγιστη ενεργότητα του ενζύμου. Τα μικρά μόρια-ενεργοποιητές δεν επηρέασαν την ενεργότητα της ομόλογης βακτηριακής γλυκοσιδικής υδρολάσης, CcBglA, αποδεικνύοντας την ειδικότητα αυτών των μορίων. Είναι ενδιαφέρον ότι ένα χημικό ανάλογο του αρχικού μικρού μορίου-ενεργοποιητή αναστέλλει τόσο το TrBgl2 όσο και το CcBglA, μέσω του «mixed-model» μηχανισμού. Αν και δεν ήταν δυνατός ο προσδιορισμός της κρυσταλλικής δομής του συμπλέγματος του μικρού μορίου-ενεργοποιητή με το 55 kDa TrBgl2, πειράματα NMR σε διάλυμα έδειξαν μια ειδική θέση δέσμευσής του. Μερική ταυτοποίηση των αμινοξέων του TrBgl2 σε φάσμα NMR προσδιόρισε τα αμινοξέα στη θέση δέσμευσης του μικρού μορίου-ενεργοποιητή, επιτρέποντας τη δημιουργία ενός μοντέλου για την ενεργοποίηση του TrBgl2. Ο ενεργοποιητής προσδένεται στην είσοδο της θέσης δέσμευσης του υποστρώματος, σταθεροποιώντας το σύμπλεγμα ενζύμου-υποστρώματος.
Εκπαίδευση Waldorf και Αειφόρο Σχολείο. Διερευνώντας τη σύγκλιση ανάμεσα σε δύο εκπαιδευτικά μοντέλα μέσα από μια αφηγηματική έρευνα
Authors: Δασκολιά Μαρία , Κουκουζέλη Βασιλική
Published: January 2022

Στην παρούσα εργασία επιδιώκεται η διερεύνηση της σχέσης ανάμεσα στην «εκπαίδευση Waldorf» και στην ιδέα του «αειφόρου σχολείου» μέσα από μια μικρής κλίμακας ποιοτική έρευνα που διενεργήθηκε σε ένα Ελληνικό σχολείο Waldorf. Οι δυο εκπαιδευτικές προτάσεις παρουσιάζονται αρχικά στην ιστορική διαδρομή τους και σε σχέση με βασικές έννοιες και αρχές που εισάγουν, ενώ στη συνέχεια επιχειρείται η εμπειρική αποτύπωση των κοινών τόπων τους μέσα από μια αφηγηματικού τύπου έρευνα με συμμετέχοντες εκπαιδευτικούς του σχολείου Waldorf. Η θεματική ανάλυση ανέδειξε 3 άξονες στους οποίους εστιάζεται η σύγκλιση ανάμεσα σε ένα αειφόρο σχολείο και ένα σχολείο Waldorf: κατά προτεραιότητα στο επίπεδο της παιδαγωγικής καινοτομίας και ποιότητας και ακολούθως στα επίπεδα της καλλιέργειας κλίματος συνεργασίας και συμμετοχής και του προσανατολισμού των υποδομών και λειτουργιών του σχολείου στην κατεύθυνση της περιβαλλοντικής αειφορίας. Η έρευνα προσφέρει αξιόλογες ενδείξεις για τη δυνατότατα ανάπτυξης μιας γόνιμης συνομιλίας σε επίπεδο εκπαιδευτικής θεωρίας και πράξης ανάμεσα στην Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση/Εκπαίδευση για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη και σε εκπαιδευτικές προτάσεις που προσεγγίζουν το σχολείο μέσα από μια μεταρρυθμιστική δυναμική, όπως η εκπαίδευση Waldorf.
A feasibility study of training in a local community aimed upon health promotion with special emphasis on musculoskeletal health effects
Authors: Prawiradilaga Rizky Suganda , Bendtsen Magnus , Esrup Simon , Jørgensen Niklas Rye , Yulianto Fajar Awalia , Helge Eva Wulff
Published: January 2022

Background: To minimize fracture risk, multimodal training regimens are recommended. However, their effectiveness in community settings remains uncertain. This study evaluated the feasibility of 19-weeks of multimodal training in a local community center with emphasis on musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women.

Methods: In a controlled trial, 28 postmenopausal women (53-68-years-old) were assigned to a multimodal training group (MMT, n=15) or a control group (CON, n=13). The training consisted of high- and odd-impact, resistance and balance-coordination training 1-2 hours weekly. The outcomes were attendance rate, regional and total bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone turnover markers (BTM), body composition, functional muscle strength and power, and dynamic balance. All were determined at baseline and after 19 weeks of training. BTM was assessed after three weeks.

Results: Overall, 22(79%) participants (MMT, n=9; CON, n=13) completed the study, and the mean attendance rate for MMT was 65.5% of the maximum sessions (2) offered. Only right trochanter BMD increased (p<0.05) by 1.0±1.1% in MMT, which was higher(p<0.05) than CON. While whole-body BMC was not changed at 19 weeks from baseline in MMT, it decreased (p<0.05) in CON resulting in a significant difference (p<0.05) in whole-body BMC delta values between the two groups. Compared to baseline, body fat percentage(%BF), fat mass(FM), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-mass and -volume were decreased (p<0.01) in MMT, and were larger (p<0.05) than CON. No significant changes were observed in BTM, muscle strength and power, and dynamic balance after 19 weeks.

Conclusions: Nineteen weeks of multimodal training 1-2 hours per week in a local community had a health-enhancing effect on %BF, FM, and VAT, whereas the musculoskeletal health impact was modest. We hypothesize that the reason might be too low training volume and frequency and supposedly too low musculoskeletal training intensity for some participants.

Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05164679 (21/12/2021).
Securities and Digital Rights Market Infrastructure 2021
Authors: Lanskov P
Published: January 2022

The collection of scientific and analytical materials is published by PARTAD together with INFI PARTAD. At the moment, it is the only printed source of information about trends and problems in the development of the accounting infrastructure of the financial market.
The publication contains articles prepared by leading experts in the field of accounting of ownership rights to financial instruments, risk management, corporate relations and information technology. They highlight modern aspects of the development of securities infrastructure and collective investments, additional opportunities for the development of its services in the modern economy.
The analytical component of the publication contains an overview prepared by PARTAD experts of the main trends in the activities of registrars and specialized depositories participating in PARTAD databases in the second half of 2020 — the first half of 2021, and also includes current rankings of registrars and specialized depositories on key aspects of their work.
The publication is intended for a wide range of specialists, employees of regulatory bodies and organizations - professional participants in the securities market, researchers, teachers and university students — all those who are interested in the development of the financial industry in the era of digitalization and combating climate change.
Role of trace elements of mineral waters in their effects on neuro-endocrine-immune complex at female rats
Authors: Popovych Igor , Mysula Igor , Popovych Dariya , Mysula Yuriy , Sydliaruk Nataliya , Yavorska Oksana , Zukow Walery
Published: January 2022

Background. Drinking mineral water is one of the ethnopharmacologic factors. Previously, we identified the role of organic carbon and nitrogen of mineral waters in their effects on certain metabolic and neuro-endocrine-immune parameters. The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of trace elements of same mineral waters in their effects on neuro-endocrine-immune complex parameters. Material and methods. Experiment was performed on 48 healthy female Wistar rats 240-290 g divided into 5 groups. Animals of the first group for 6 days administered a single tap water through the tube at a dose of 1,5 mL/100 g of body mass. In the second group we administered the water Naftussya from the Truskavets’ layer (Galychyna, Ukraine), in the third group the water Sophiya of the Truskavets’ field. The rats of the fourth group received the native water from the Hertsa (Bucovyna, Ukraine) field, and the last group received its artificial salt analogue. The day after the completion of the drinking course in all rats HRV, endocrine and immunne parameters were registered. Results. The trace elements (fluoride, bromide, iodide, meta-silicic and orthoboric acids) of the chemical composition of loading fluids determine their effect on the neuro-endocrine parameters by 59%, on the immune parameters by 84%. Conclusion. The trace elements (fluoride, bromide, iodide, meta-silicic and orthoboric acids) of mineral waters play an essential role in their effects on the neuro-endocrine-immune parameters of female rats.
Relationships between geomagnetic Ар-indeх and parameters of the acupuncture points as well as neuroendocrine-immune complex in patients with its dysfunction
Authors: Tserkovniuk R. , Gozhenko A. , Korolyshyn T. , Kovbasnyuk M. , Hubyts’kyi V. , Kikhtan V. , Fil V. , Anchev A. , Zukow W. , Yanchij R. , Popovych I.
Published: January 2022

Background. Back in 1990, YuP Limansky hypothesized acupuncture points (AP) as polymodal receptors of the ecoceptive sensitivity system. In the process of hypothesis development in 2003 an existence of separate functional system of regulation of electromagnetic balance of organism has been substantiated and a working conception of light therapy has been formulated. In line with this hypothesis, we set out to analyze the relationships between the disturbances of the geomagnetic field (Ap-index) and the electrical conductivity of a number of AP, on the one hand, and the parameters of the neuroendocrine-immune complex in patients with its dysfunction, on the other. Material and methods. The object of observation were 21 men (24-63 y) and 20 women (30-72 y) with neuroendocrine-immune complex dysfunction. Each patient was tested twice with an interval of 4 days. Retrospectively we recorded the geomagnetic Ap-Index on the day of testing and during the previous 7 days, using resource https://www.spaceweatherlive.com/. Recorded the electrical conductivity of 9 pairs of AP, electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, determined the plasma level of cortisol, triiodothyronine and testosterone, the content of lymphocytes expressing CD3, CD4, CD25, CD8, CD22 and CD56 receptors, the serum level of circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulins classes M, G, A as well as C-reactive protein, IL-1β and IL-6. The state of phagocytic function of neutrophils estimated by microbial count and phagocytic and killing indices against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Results. During the week, the average level of Ap-index ranged from 7 to 13 nT. Maximum coefficients of multiple correlation with APs parameters were detected for Ap-index on 6 day before (R=0,552) and on the day of testing (R=0,470), with EEG parameters on the eve of registration (R=0,708) and on 6 day before its (R=0,685), with immunity parameters on the eve of blood sampling (R=0,768) and on 5 day before its (R=0,758), with HRV&Hormonal parameters on 2 (R=0,506) and 7 (R=0,403) days before testing. The canonical correlation between Ap-indices for 7 days before and on the day of testing, and the parameters APs is 0,661; EEG parameters is 0,886; HRV&Hormonal parameters is 0,766 and immunity parameters is 0,921. APs parameter are closely related to the EEG (R=0,997) and HRV&Hormonal parameters (R=0,740). In turn, the immune parameters are closely related to the EEG (R=0,944) and HRV&Hormonal parameters (R=0,714). Conclusion. Disturbances of the geomagnetic field (Ap-index) causes a significant immediate modulating effect on the parameters of neuroendocrine-immune complex, apparently through acupuncture points as polymodal receptors of the ecoceptive sensitivity system.
Archivos en 2021, segundo año de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Vega Álvarez Francisco , Delclós Jordi , García González Guillermo , Martínez José Miguel , Ramada José María , Seguí María del Mar , Ronda Elena
Published: January 2022

Al igual que ya sucedió en 2020, 2021 ha estado dominado por la pandemia de COVID-19. Si hace un año escribíamos esta Nota Editorial con gran preocupación por la evolución de la situación de la infección originada por el SARS-CoV-2 y, a su vez, con grandes esperanzas puestas en las vacunas como estrategia preventiva, la actual viene marcada por la incertidumbre generada por la irrupción de la nueva variante de preocupación: Omicrón…
Impacto de la promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo
Authors: Serra Pujadas Consol , Ronda Elena
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo es un comentario del artículo: Proper KI, van Oostrom SH. The effectiveness of workplace health promotion interventions on physical and mental health outcomes - a systematic review of reviews. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2019;45(6):546-559. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3833.
Challenges for delivering the Winter Flu Jab in 2021/22
Authors: Heffernan Catherine
Published: January 2022

Catherine Heffernan looks at how influenza vaccinations will be conducted in the aftermath of COVID-19
Dermatological conditions in older adults: A clinical overview
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: January 2022

Sarah Palmer provides an overview of the aetiological and diagnostic aspects of geriatric dermatology
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma – an increasingly common disorder
Authors: Cope Graham F , Bloodworth Charlotte
Published: January 2022

Cases of this blood cancer are rising as our population ages. By Graham Cope and Charlotte Bloodworth
Managing hypertension in older people: A guide for nurses
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: January 2022

Linda Nazarko outlines how to diagnose and effectively treat the ‘silent killer’ in older patients
The safe resumption of elective orthopaedic services following the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Asopa Vipin , Sagi Amit , Bishi Habeeb , Getachew Fanuelle , Afzal Irrum , Vyrides Yiannis , Sochart David , Patel Vipul , Kader Deiary
Published: January 2022

Aims

There is little published on the outcomes after restarting elective orthopaedic procedures following cessation of surgery due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the reported perioperative mortality in patients who acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection while undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery was 18% to 20%. The aim of this study is to report the surgical outcomes, complications, and risk of developing COVID-19 in 2,316 consecutive patients who underwent elective orthopaedic surgery in the latter part of 2020 and comparing it to the same, pre-pandemic, period in 2019.

Methods

A retrospective service evaluation of patients who underwent elective surgical procedures between 16 June 2020 and 12 December 2020 was undertaken. The number and type of cases, demographic details, American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, BMI, 30-day readmission rates, mortality, and complications at one- and six-week intervals were obtained and compared with patients who underwent surgery during the same six-month period in 2019.

Results

A total of 2,316 patients underwent surgery in 2020 compared to 2,552 in the same period in 2019. There were no statistical differences in sex distribution, BMI, or ASA grade. The 30-day readmission rate and six-week validated complication rates were significantly lower for the 2020 patients compared to those in 2019 (p < 0.05). No deaths were reported at 30 days in the 2020 group as opposed to three in the 2019 group (p < 0.05). In 2020 one patient developed COVID-19 symptoms five days following foot and ankle surgery. This was possibly due to a family contact immediately following discharge from hospital, and the patient subsequently made a full recovery.

Conclusion

Elective surgery was safely resumed following the cessation of operating during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Strict adherence to protocols resulted in 2,316 elective surgical procedures being performed with lower complications, readmissions, and mortality compared to 2019. Furthermore, only one patient developed COVID-19 with no evidence that this was a direct result of undergoing surgery. Level of evidence: III Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(1):42–53.
Cultural Factors, Migrant Status, and Vulnerability to Increasing Temperatures among Hispanic/Latino Farmworkers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Berumen-Flucker Brenda , Kekeh Michele , Akpinar-Elci Muge
Published: January 2022

Highlights

Cultural factors and acculturative stressors affect the health and safety behaviors of Hispanic/Latino farmworkers.

Cultural factors and stressors also increase their risk of heat-related illnesses (HRIs).

Interventions targeting HRIs in this population should account for cultural factors.

Abstract. Hispanic/Latino farmworkers have been widely recognized as a particularly vulnerable population in the U.S., with among the lowest levels of income and education in the country. Existing research has identified and explored factors, including cultural and demographic characteristics, that increase the vulnerability of these workers to adverse occupational health and safety outcomes. This review assesses Hispanic/Latino farmworkers’ vulnerability to increasing temperatures and intense heat events, focusing on the role of demographic and cultural factors in heat-related health outcomes. A systematic literature search was conducted using the search terms “heat” and “(Hispanic or Latino) farmworkers” and “health” over the years 2000 to 2020. A total of 348 articles were screened through a title review. The articles included in this review focused on heat-related illnesses (HRIs) and related symptoms among the population of interest. Hispanic/Latino workers were at heightened risk of HRI symptoms as a result of their work environments, working conditions, acculturative stressors, and other cultural factors. Keywords: Farmworkers, Heat-related illness, Hispanic, Latino.
Tamm plasmon-polaritons and Fabry-Perot excitation in a magnetophotonic structure
Authors: Mikhailova Tatiana , Tomilin Sergey , Lyashko Sergey , Kozhaev Mikhail , Shaposhnikov Alexander , Karavainikov Andrey , Berzhansky Vladimir , Belotelov Vladimir
Published: January 2022

A magnetophotonic Tamm structure with a bilayer film of Bi-substituted
iron garnets (Bi:IG) with a significant magneto-optical (MO) response,
placed in microcavity, and Tamm plasmon-polaritons (TPP) excited at
the interface of the Au layer, were proposed. Optical and MO spectra
of the hybrid state were investigated theoretically and experimentally
in Faraday effect geometry at a normal incidence of the light wave.
Anticrossing behavior of the TPP and Fabry-Perot resonances and
dependence of spectral splitting on their hybrid state on the
thickness of the Au layer was shown. By varying the thickness of the
top SiO2 layer in the structure, the modifications of
spectra on the TPP spectral position were described in detail. The
results can be used to design tunable MO devices and sensors.
Polarized spectroscopy and diode-pumped laser operation of disordered Yb:Ca3Gd2(BO3)4 crystal
Authors: Pan Zhongben , Lin Zhang-Lang , Loiko Pavel , Zhang Ge , Zeng Huang-Jun , Xue Wen-Ze , Camy Patrice , Petrov Valentin , Slimi Sami , Mateos Xavier , Díaz Francesc , Lin Haifeng , Wang Li , Chen Weidong
Published: January 2022

We report on the growth, structure, polarized spectroscopy and
efficient continuous-wave laser operation of an
Yb3+-doped disordered calcium gadolinium borate
crystal,
Yb3+:Ca3Gd2(BO3)4
(Yb:GdCB). Yb:GdCB belongs to the orthorhombic class [sp. gr.
Pnma, lattice parameters
a = 7.1937(0) Å,
b = 15.5311(3) Å,
c = 8.6140(7) Å]. The
structure disorder of this material originates from a random
distribution of Ca2+ and
Gd3+|Yb3+ cations over
three non-equivalent lattice sites. This leads to broad and smooth
(“glassy-like”) absorption and emission spectra at room
and low temperatures. The stimulated-emission cross-section of
Yb3+, σSE is
0.42×10−20 cm2 at 1025.1 nm for
light polarization
E
||

c
and the luminescence lifetime of the
2F5/2 state is 644 µs. Continuous-wave
laser performance of the Yb:GdCB crystal was evaluated under
high-power diode-pumping at 976 nm for three crystal orientations
along the crystallographic axes. For an

a
-cut crystal, a maximum output power of
5.58 W was achieved at ∼1057 nm with a slope efficiency
of 51.7% and a linear laser polarization
(
E
||

c
). The demonstrated power scaling
capabilities and broadband emission properties of Yb:GdCB indicate
that it is promising for generation of sub-50 fs pulses from passively
mode-locked lasers at ∼1 µm.
Los proyectos de desembarco en Alhucemas: una estrategia recurrente como solución a la «rebeldía» en el Rif (1921-1925)
Authors: Díez Rioja Ramón
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación centrada en las líneas de acción que siguieron los tres últimos gobiernos de la Restauración en el Protectorado de Marruecos, una vez consumado el derrumbe de la Comandancia General de Melilla en el verano de 1921. Del mismo modo explora la actuación de Primo de Rivera, desde que perpetró el golpe de Estado en septiembre de 1923 hasta que se ejecutó la operación de desembarco en Alhucemas en septiembre de 1925. Entre 1921 y 1925 se sucedieron varias alternativas en el plano estratégico. Por un lado, se dio preferencia a la vía militar, planteándose hasta en cuatro ocasiones llevar a cabo un desembarco en la bahía de Alhucemas: febrero de 1922, agosto de 1922, julio de 1923 y finalmente el que se llevó adelante en septiembre de 1925. En el extremo opuesto, durante las presidencias de José Sánchez Guerra y Manuel García Prieto, entre marzo de 1922 y septiembre de 1923, se defendió la acción «puramente civil», priorizando así la vía de la negociación. Hubo una tercera línea de actuación, cuando a partir de septiembre de 1924 el dictador llevó adelante una «rectificación de frentes» que consistió en el repliegue de las fuerzas a líneas más fuertes y seguras, con el objeto de reducir efectivos y gastos.
Carbón, hierro y maíz. Estudio de un caso precoz de truck system en España: Fábrica de Mieres (Asturias), 1856-1857
Authors: González Palomares David , González Prieto Luis Aurelio , Muñiz Sánchez Jorge
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es desvelar los motivos de la implantación del primer economato laboral conocido en Asturias. Para ello se ha recurrido a protocolos notariales, correspondencia custodiada en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de España y en el Archivo Histórico de Asturias, así como fuentes hemerográficas. La conclusión es que a mediados del siglo xix confluyen en la incipiente industrialización asturiana varios factores que explican el establecimiento de un precoz truck system: la crisis de subsistencias, el reflejo de las teorías filantrópicas y la situación particular de una empresa en estado de necesidad terminan configurando un modelo muy temprano, azaroso y peculiar de economato laboral.
militares ante la justicia
Authors: Alía Miranda Francisco
Published: January 2022

El general Aguilera, ex ministro de la Guerra (1917), fue el presidente del Consejo Supremo de Guerra y Marina entre 1921 y 1924, por lo que se convirtió en el principal responsable de incorporar, estudiar, debatir e impartir justicia en el asunto de las responsabilidades de los militares en el desastre de Annual. El Expediente Picasso, instruido desde agosto de 1921 con carácter meramente informativo para depurar las posibles responsabilidades, fue elevado en 1922 al Consejo Supremo de Guerra y Marina con el fin de dirimir las responsabilidades penales de los militares implicados en la campaña militar que acabó en el desastre. El asunto de las responsabilidades tomó un nuevo rumbo en la sede del máximo organismo de la justicia militar, que intentó buscar a todos los responsables y repartir las culpabilidades entre todos los implicados, incluso entre los jefes militares excluidos deliberadamente del Expediente Picasso. La implacable búsqueda de responsables políticos y militares tanto en las Cortes como en el Consejo Supremo resultó determinante en el golpe de Estado del 13 de septiembre de 1923. El rey Alfonso XIII, según todos los indicios, pudo jugar un destacado protagonismo en el origen del régimen dictatorial con el fin de quitarse de en medio la pesadilla de las responsabilidades del desastre de Annual. Además, se incorpora la opinión del entonces joven comandante de la Legión Francisco Franco Bahamonde sobre las causas y responsabilidades de Annual, expresada en una serie de cartas inéditas escritas entre 1921 y 1923.
Marruecos, 1911
Authors: Velasco de Castro Rocío
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo pretende contribuir al estudio de la historia de las relaciones hispano-marroquíes y de la figura de Abdelkrim, Personaje controvertido que pasó de cantar las virtudes de la empresa colonial española a combatirla. El trabajo, que aúna el enfoque histórico con el filológico, tiene como objetivos analizar las repercusiones en clave interna e internacional de la denominada crisis de Agadir y enmarcar en este contexto la labor del rifeño como cronista en El Telegrama del Rif. Partiendo del contexto histórico que desembocó en dicho episodio, considerado por un lado como la antesala del tratado franco-marroquí de Fez de 1912, y por otro como antecedente de la primera guerra mundial, el texto realiza una primera aproximación a la contribución de Abdelkrim a la difusión de la posición española a través de sus crónicas, todas ellas escritas en árabe. Con ello se pretende ofrecer una muestra de cómo un medio de carácter militar y colonialista justificó las actuaciones españolas durante la crisis y en qué medida la inestimable colaboración de Abdelkrim ayudó a ello.