bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEACHER'S EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING ENGLISH TOWARDS DEAF STUDENTS
Authors: Amin Nusaindah Nurul , Damanik Emeliya Sukma Dara , Rahman Hz Benni Ichsanda
Published: September 2024

This study examines the experiences and strategies of a teacher specialized in English instruction for deaf students at special need school in Medan North Sumatera Indonesia. Since 2017 the teacher has navigated significant challenges, including communication barriers and emotional strain, by integrating sign language (SIBI and Bisindo) into daily interactions and instructional methods. Initial self-learning of sign language, followed by formal training from the North Sumatera Language Center, highlights the critical role of effective communication in enhancing educational outcomes for deaf students. The teacher’s adaptive strategies include simplifying lesson content, employing visual aids, and incorporating sign language into English instruction. Innovative methods such as “English day” in morning assemblies underscore the teacher’s commitment to engaging students despite their disabilities. However, obstacles persist, including limited vocabulary, the complexities of teaching a foreign language to students struggling with their narrative language, and systematic issues like lack of resources and societal skepticism. Emotional management and building trust with students are central to the teacher’s approach, demonstrating a holistic commitment to their emotional and academic development. The teacher’s resilience and empathy, supported by the school’s flexible approach, have fostered positive student engagement and progress.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENT READING HABIT AND THEIR ABILITY OF WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
Authors: Yana Fitri
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study was to examine the reading behaviors of individuals learning the English language and see whether these behaviors are correlated with enhanced writing abilities. The study was conducted at 22 Tembung, MAS Al-Wasliyah. A total of 34 students were chosen randomly. In this research through random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to measure how good the students’ reading habit and guided writing test to measure students’ ability of writing narrative text. After conducting the research, it was found that the average score of the students’ reading habit was 61.1%, that was in good level and the average score of the ability of writing narrative text was 72.4 that was categorized good as well. Moreover, the result of data analysis using SPSS shows that the correlation coefficient between the two variables (reading habit and writing ability) is 0.629, while the critical value for 34 students with 95% confidence is 0.339. Since the correlation coefficient obtained (0.629) is higher than the table value (0.339). It was concluded that there was a positive correlation between students‟ reading habit and their ability of writing narrative text.
Combination of Oven and Microwave-assisted Drying Technique for Production of Ready-to-Eat Dried Rice
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Ali Thaibah , Abang Zaidel Dayang Norulfairuz ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Mohd Jusoh Yanti Maslina ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Muhamad Ida Idayu ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Md Lazim Nurul Asmak ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: September 2024

A combination of oven and microwave was introduced with the purpose of preparing well-balanced dried ready-to-eat dried rice samples. The parameter condition was investigated (oven temperature; 70 and 90 °C, time; 70, 130 and 180 min, microwave power; 450 and 750 W and time; 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min). From the study, increasing in moisture content and rehydration capability was obtained when the drying conditions were increased. However, the color product was changing as the color difference was improved whereby the samples with lower water activity have lower microorganism growth (0.4-0.5 wa). The nutrient obtained were in the range of 55.5-65.9% for carbohydrate, 6.4-9.3% for protein, 65.9-17.3% for fat and 3.4-3.5 for ash content, respectively. It can be concluded that the use of oven and microwave in this study is acceptable for preparing ready-to-eat dried rice.
Paving the Way for Sustainability: A Study on Porous Asphalt Mixtures Reinforced with LDPE Plastic Waste and Freshwater Mussel (Pilsbryoconcha Exilis) Shell Filler
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Syahbana Mahdi , Rachman Firmansyah ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Syammaun Tamalkhani ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Munanda Fajri ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to explore the impact of different fillers, namely conventional (stone ash) and alternative (mussel shell powder), along with varying percentages of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) additives, on the performance of porous asphalt mixtures. Asphalt mixtures' Marshall Stability and Flow were examined with LDPE percentages of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. Results highlighted that the choice of filler and LDPE content significantly influences the mixture's stability and flow. A shift from 100% stone ash to 50% mussel shell powder resulted in a slight decrease in stability for 0% and 2% LDPE. In contrast, the stability was notably higher for 4% and 6% LDPE, including the alternative filler. Mixtures with 100% stone ash exhibited increased flow values with rising LDPE concentrations, while mixtures with 100% mussel shell powder showed an opposite trend. Furthermore, mixtures containing mussel powder generally had higher flow values than those with stone ash at similar LDPE percentages. The study underscores the intricate relationship between filler types and LDPE additives in influencing the properties of asphalt mixtures. These findings pave the way for the potential use of alternative fillers in asphalt mixtures, emphasizing the importance of understanding material interactions for optimal pavement design.
Characterization of Air Voids and Permeability in Porous Asphalt Mixtures with Eggshell Ash as an Eco-Friendly Additive
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Syammaun Tamalkhani , Isya Muhammad ,   Universitas Syiah Kuala, Abdullah  ,   Universitas Syiah Kuala, Husaini  ,   Universitas Syiah Kuala
Published: September 2024

Recently, there has been a lot of interest in the use of eco-friendly additives in asphalt mixtures in the field of pavement engineering. Such additives have been found to have the potential to enhance pavement performance while also mitigating the environmental impact of road construction. Eggshells are a restaurant waste product that is one of the additives that have been investigated in this study. The research aims to investigate the effect of eggshell ash (EA) on the air voids and permeability of porous asphalt mixtures. Two temperatures, 100°C (EA100) and 200°C (EA200), were used to prepare EA with varying percentages of 2%, 5%, 7%, 10% and 12% by weight of bitumen. The samples were then prepared and compacted by applying 50 blows on each side to measure air voids, and permeability testing was performed in the laboratories. The results indicated that the use of EA had impacted the permeability and air voids of the porous asphalt mixture. The amount of air voids in the mixes had a direct impact on the permeability coefficient, as the value of the permeability coefficient decreased with decreasing air voids. EA can serve as an additive to improve the permeability of asphalt mixtures, which may increase the pavement's durability and longevity. Furthermore, the use of EA has the potential to reduce the environmental impact of the egg industry while improving the sustainability of road construction
Multifunctional Porous Pavement Prototype for Urban Pluvial Flood Protection: Preliminarily Findings on Contribution of Attitudes to Acceptance Willingness Toward Proposed Scientific and Engineering Solutions
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Svetozarevic Snezana , Rajakovic Ognjanovic Vladana ,   University of Belgrade, Lekic Branislava ,   University of Belgrade, Radoje Savic Aleksandar ,   University of Belgrade
Published: September 2024

Rapid urbanization and climate change correlate with an increase in frequency of flood events, globally. For many cities worldwide pluvial floods bring significant risk. Permeable/pervious paving (PePav), as an essential sustainable urban drainage technique, is one of the key environmental solutions for urban flooding. Waste and recycled materials in the construction industry for PePav production comply with the principles of circular economy and sustainable development. The influence of the human factor is well recognized in efforts to apply those solutions and make them self-sustainable. The preliminary results show that younger female students and students with lower family monthly income are prone to express more positive attitudes toward PePav generally. Students from different study groups (Departments of Psychology, Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, and Construction Project Management) show significantly different attitudes toward PePav. Statistical models indicate that the PePav acceptance willingness can be predicted with moderate accuracy by knowing attitudes toward PePav and personal experience in construction. The contributions of the fact that someone's close person has been affected by a flood may vary depending on the type of PePav scientific and engineering solutions.
Assessing The Impact of Lithological and Geological Features on Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) at Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Nizam Z.M. , Azhar A.T.S. ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Aziman M. ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Hidayat Z.M.N. ,   Azurite Engineering PLT, Aziz J.A. ,   Politeknik Mersing Johor, Amri N.M.N. ,   Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
Published: September 2024

The relationship between lithological and geological features, as assessed through Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), is crucial for exploring subsurface characteristics. ERT is non-invasive and provides high-resolution images of subsurface electrical resistivity, closely linked to lithologyand geological formations. This study aims to accurately delineate lithology, geological formations, and aquifer presence, whether in alluvial layers or bedrock. ERT measurements, employing Pole-dipole and Gradient-XL protocols, were conducted at At-Taqwa Mosque in Gua Musang, Mini Zoo in Kuala Krai, Kampung Sedar, and Kuala Jambu in Tumpat, Kelantan. Results indicated regions with high clay content exhibited low electrical resistivity (<100Ωm), whereas areas with sand and gravel deposits showed high resistivity (>500Ωm). Faults and fractures within hard layers significantly influenced resistivity values, revealing intricate connections between survey lines. Algorithmic analysis integrated with topographical data enhanced the identification of mineral exploration potential, paving the way for real-time monitoring. The Kelantan River Basin was selected due to its environmental importance, facilitating insights into groundwater dynamics, economic significance, and sustainable development practices. This study underscores ERT's role in ground management strategies, mineral exploration, and advancing ground exploration technologies.
Recent Advances for Wastewater Treatment on Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Membrane: A Review
Authors:   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Mohamat R. , Suriani A. B. ,   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Mohamed A. ,   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Muqoyyanah  ,   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Othman M. H. D. ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Rohani R. ,   Universiti   Kebangsaan Malaysia, Mamat M. H. ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Ahmad M. K. ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malek M. F. ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Abdul Khalil H. P. S. ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Ali K. ,   University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Published: September 2024

The development of scalable membrane-based separation processes has attracted considerable interest on laboratory and industrial scales. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is one of the most widely used fluoropolymer materials for membrane fabrication due to its excellent mechanical strength, good thermal stability and chemical resistance as well as aging resistance. However, the hydrophobic nature of PVDF has resulted in serious membrane fouling during the filtration process. From the past decade, the embedment of hydrophilic materials in/on PVDF-based membranes can significantly alter the membrane’s morphology and surface properties. Therefore, based on most articles retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, etc., this article provides the overview of the recent development of PVDF-based membranes during the recent several decades. The detailed information regarding PVDF as a polymer material as well as the main challenge in the development of PVDF-based membranes with better performance was summarised. Moreover, the factors influencing membrane fouling including surface hydrophilicity, roughness and charge are also addressed. Then, the PVDF-based membrane preparation and its recent modification via the blending method were discussed. Finally, the overview and future perspective of PVDF-based membrane development are reviewed. Overall, it can be concluded that PVDF-based membranes have great potential for further advances towards the development of membrane technologies for the future.
Влияние нового соединения трополонового ряда на подвижность клеток глиобластомы in vitro
Authors: Гненная Надежда Владимировна , Чембарова Татьяна Владимировна , Филиппова Светлана Юрьевна , Межевова Ирина Валентиновна , Новикова Инна Арнольдовна , Росторгуев Эдуард Евгеньевич , Саяпин Юрий Анатольевич , Гончарова Анна Сергеевна
Published: September 2024

Одним из факторов, определяющих худший прогноз пациентов с диагнозом «Глио- бластома», является активный инфильтративный рост злокачественных клеток в здоровую ткань головного мозга. Поэтому препараты, сокращающие подвижность клеток глиом, обычно рассматриваются в качестве дополнительных лекарственных средств при опухолях головного мозга. Проведена оценка влияния 2-(1,1-диметил-1H-бензо[e]индолин-2-ил)-5,6,7-трихлор-1,3-трополона, обладающего цитостатическим действием на глиобластомы, на подвижность клеток в культуре. Инкубация клеток с 2-(1,1-диметил-1H-бензо[e]индолин-2-ил)-5,6,7-трихлор-1,3-трополоном (0,375, 0,75 и 1,5 мкМ) сопровождалась разнонаправленными изменениями подвижности клеток глиобластом в зависимости от биологических особенностей клеток. В первичной культуре G1 наблюдали усиление подвижности клеток на 26,7 % (p ≤ 0,05), по сравнению с контролем при применении этого вещества в концентрации 0,375 мкМ; в культуре G2, напротив, выявляли снижение подвижности клеток на 5 % (p ≤ 0,05) при использовании изучаемого соединения в концентрации 1,5 мкМ; в культуре U87MG значимых изменений не наблюдалось. Таким образом, тестируемое соединение обладает выраженным противоопухолевым действием, но его потенциальное применение должно рассматриваться с осторожностью, так как данное производное трополонового ряда способно в малых концентрациях вызывать усиление подвижности клеток некоторых глиом.
Developing an Ergonomic Mobile Application for Patent Search
Authors: Malakhov Yuriy , Shuranov Daniil , Spasennikova Elizaveta
Published: September 2024

In the context of the digital transformation of the economy, the share of intellectual labour is significantly increasing, especially in science and education. In these conditions, it is important to take into account indicators of professional reliability, which are directly related to the employee’s performance quality. The essence of the concepts of “intellectual work” and “professional reliability” is revealed. The functional system of intellectual work is substantiated based on considering the professional reliability indicators. The specificity of the information impact as a production factor and stressor in professional activity is shown. Ideas about information load and information hygiene are given. The paper analyses and discusses the results of scientific research on identifying factors of intellectual work in the context of education digitalization, which negatively affect health and cause teachers’ professional diseases. Recommendations are theoretically substantiated and given for implementing areas of information hygiene and mental hygiene of intellectual work as a condition for the teacher’s professional reliability in the context of education digitalization.
Expected Problems of Human-Machine Interaction in Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors: Sokhin Igor
Published: September 2024

In the context of the digital transformation of the economy, the share of intellectual labour is significantly increasing, especially in science and education. In these conditions, it is important to take into account indicators of professional reliability, which are directly related to the employee’s performance quality. The essence of the concepts of “intellectual work” and “professional reliability” is revealed. The functional system of intellectual work is substantiated based on considering the professional reliability indicators. The specificity of the information impact as a production factor and stressor in professional activity is shown. Ideas about information load and information hygiene are given. The paper analyses and discusses the results of scientific research on identifying factors of intellectual work in the context of education digitalization, which negatively affect health and cause teachers’ professional diseases. Recommendations are theoretically substantiated and given for implementing areas of information hygiene and mental hygiene of intellectual work as a condition for the teacher’s professional reliability in the context of education digitalization.
Study of the gonadotrophic cycle of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (Say, 1821) (Acari: Ixodidae) in laboratory conditions
Authors: Bagaeva U. V. , Lalieva L. Sh. , Cherchesova S. K. , Kokoev T. I. , Dzhagaeva L. A.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research is to determine the physiological characteristics of the single-host tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus depending on environmental factors, including the season of the year.Materials and methods. The study of the gonadotrophic cycle and fertility of B. annulatus was carried out during their seasonal activity from March 2022 to November 2023. The work consisted of two stages: field and laboratory. Ticks were collected manually from cattle in different settlements. Material was collected in natural biotopes according to the generally accepted method using a standard flag and drag. Nourished females were selected for oviposition and kept in laboratory conditions while maintaining optimal temperature and humidity. A total of 1,743 specimens were collected and identified. The sex ratio was 1: 7 with a predominance of females.Results and discussion. The gonadotrophic cycle and reproductive potential of B. annulatus vary by season. In autumn, the oviposition period, taking into account the incubation period, extends to an average of 28 days. The reproductive potential of females varied from 23 to 2194 eggs/ind. In spring, the cycle duration is comparatively shorter and, on average, does not exceed 25 days. Tick fertility can range from 19 to 5503 eggs/ind. which determines their abundance in summer and autumn months. The data obtained confirm the need for acaricidal treatment of animal grazing areas in the foothill zone in late autumn in order to reduce the number of B. annulatus both after winter diapause and throughout the year.
Effects of ivermectin-containing drug in recommended and increased doses on adult dogs and cats
Authors: Arisov M. V. , Stepanov A. A.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research is to study the effects of ivermectin-containing drug in recommended and increased doses on adult dogs and cats.Materials and methods. The drug tolerance on dogs and cats was studied on 24 clinically healthy animals that were divided into experimental groups of 6 animals each, according to the principle of analogs, at the Podolsk Experimental Production Base of the VNIIP – FSC VIEV. The drug was administered seven times with a 3-day interval at a therapeutic dose of 0.2 mg of ivermectin per 1 kg of body weight to the first experimental group; and 0.6 mg of ivermectin per 1 kg of body weight to the second experimental group. The overall health status of the dogs and the cats was monitored daily, and blood samples were taken on days 20 and 34 of the experiment to study some morphological and biochemical parameters. Statistical data was processed in Microsoft Excel 2016 using the paired Student's t-test for dependent samples.Results and discussion. The studied ivermectin-containing drug had no negative effects on the adult dogs and cats’ overall health status, physiological status and behavior, or morphological and biochemical blood parameters. When using the drug in a threefold increased dose, three dogs and one cat showed depression which spontaneously disappeared within 48 hours. In addition, the animals from the second experimental group developed an allergic reaction, decreased functional activity of the liver and kidneys, and metabolic processes intensity, and red blood system destabilization. On day 34 of the experiment, the above changes were absent in the dogs and the cats, which indicates the restored physiological and biochemical status in the experimental animals.
Performance of a Five-Layer ANN Model for Earthquake Magnitude Prediction and Spatial Risk Mapping in Turkey
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Agartala, 799046 Tripura, India, Biswas Saptadeep , Kumar Dhruv ,   Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Agartala, 799046 Tripura, India, Nas Murat ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey, Softa Mustafa ,   Department of Geological Engineering, Dokuz Eylül University, 35390 Izmir, Turkey, Akgün Elif ,   Department of Geological Engineering, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey, Bera Uttam Kumar ,   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Agartala, 799046 Tripura, India
Published: September 2024

Turkey faces significant seismic risks, necessitating accurate earthquake forecasting for effective disaster preparedness. This study employs advanced Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict earthquake magnitudes and assess risks specific to Turkey. Focusing on a distinct segment of the USGS earthquake catalogue from January 2014 to August 2023, the research tailors ANN algorithms with five layers to Turkey's seismic challenges. Rigorous dataset cleaning and processing ensure accuracy, with the ANN model demonstrating exceptional alignment with earthquake data ( RMSE: 0.078, R2: 0.89). Comparative evaluations highlight the effectiveness of ANN models in forecasting earthquake magnitudes in Turkey. The study explores the spatial distribution of earthquake risk across Turkey through an ANN-based map, emphasizing the critical window for preventive measures in this seismically active region. The analysis ensures further enhancement of model accuracy in seismic-prone areas globally. This study advances earthquake prediction by showcasing the high accuracy of our five-layer ANN model in forecasting magnitudes and spatial risk, significantly improving disaster preparedness and risk management in regions such as Turkey.
Integrating AI Technology to Accelerate the Learning Process Student Foreign Language
Authors: Marzuki Abdul Gafur
Published: September 2024

The present study examines the potential of incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) technology to expedite the acquisition of foreign languages among university students. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology, utilizing machine learning, data analytics, and chatbots, has significant promise to enhance the efficiency of language acquisition in a customized and adaptable manner. The present study investigates several approaches to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of foreign language acquisition and assesses their influence on students' linguistic proficiency. The employed methodologies encompass tests and surveys with the purpose of gathering empirical data. The findings indicate that the utilization of artificial intelligence technology can expedite the process of acquiring knowledge, enhance motivation, and optimize the results of foreign language acquisition. The findings of this study indicate that artificial intelligence technology has considerable capacity to revolutionize the process of foreign language acquisition in higher education institutions.
Integrating regenerative biology with developmental psychobiology to understand behavioral recovery
Authors: Varholick Justin
Published: September 2024

Developmental psychobiology (DPB) is a sub-discipline of developmental biology investigating behavioral development. Regenerative biology is also a sub-discipline of developmental biology, studying how tissues and organs heal and regenerate after injury. One aspect of healing and regeneration is behavioral recovery, involving the nervous system and coordinated movements. Behavioral recovery is often a secondary measure in many regeneration studies, primarily focusing on molecular and cellular mechanisms. Integrating regenerative biology with DPB would provide a basis for behavioral research on regenerative systems as a separate biological question to increase our understanding of behavioral recovery and the underlying role behaviors can have on the regeneration process. Here, I introduce three general principles of DPB: probabilistic epigenesis, “development from,” and Tinbergen’s four questions. I elaborate on how these principles reveal gaps in our knowledge concerning regeneration.
Análise e modelagem de jogos digitais: relato de uma experiência educacional utilizando metodologias ativas em um grupo multidisciplinar
Authors: de Oliveira Lemes David , dos Santos Ezequiel França , Romanek Eduardo , Fujimoto Celso , Valente Adriano Felix
Published: September 2024

O ensino tradicional de engenharia de software é focado em competências técnicas. Estratégias ativas, onde os alunos vivenciam conteúdos e manipulam a realidade, são eficazes. O mercado exige novas competências na transformação digital, lidando com a complexidade de modelar negócios e a interconexão entre pessoas, sistemas e tecnologias. A transição para metodologias ativas, como PBL, traz a realidade do mercado para a sala de aula. Este artigo relata a experiência na disciplina, apresentando conceitos e resultados
How we should measure Orthographic Depth: Or should we?
Authors: Schmalz Xenia , Rueckl Jay , Siegelman Noam
Published: September 2024

Cross-linguistic reading research often focuses on the effect of orthographic depth - the closeness of the relationship between print and speech. To understand its effect on reading, we need to be able to objectively quantify the level of orthographic depth of a given orthography. Previous work has suggested that different dimensions underlie orthographic depth, and it is not always clear if and how existing quantifications map onto these underlying dimensions. Here, we first examine how different measures relate conceptually to underlying theoretical dimensions. Then, we quantify the relative depth of 8 European orthographies. We use both 11 existing methods and two new approaches which have not been previously used to quantify orthographic depth: Distance-based measures relying on the closeness of the phonology of orthographically similar words, and mutual information, as a theory-neutral approach. The relationship between the different measures suggests that they map on two separate dimensions: the size of the orthographic units that map onto phonology and the systematicity of the mapping, in line with previous theoretical work which drew a distinction between complexity and unpredictability. The measures derived based on different theoretical assumptions largely show agreement. From a theoretical perspective, this prevents us from making differential predictions based on different approaches. From a practical perspective, this suggests that different measures may yield comparable results, as long as they tap into the same underlying dimension of orthographic depth.
Towards Sustainability by Changing the Moral Standing of Animals: A Prejudice-Based Intervention Reducing People’s Speciesist Attitudes and Behaviors
Authors: Stel Marielle , Unterweger Aiko
Published: September 2024

The way we use animals for human consumption, medicines, and entertainment causes problems for the environment, our health, and animal welfare. This research investigated an intervention aimed at reducing harmful attitudes and behaviors toward animals. As the underlying mechanism of prejudice toward animals is similar to human outgroup prejudice, we designed an intervention based on synthesized insights from the prejudice literature. In two studies, participants (NStudy1 = 603 and NStudy2 = 600) either received an intervention or no intervention. Then, harmful attitudes and behaviors toward animals (Studies 1 & 2) and possible mediators (Study 2) were measured. The prejudice-based intervention led participants to intend more strongly to change their hurtful behavior towards animals (Studies 1 and 2). Moreover, the intervention diminished participants’ animal product consumption as measured after a week (Study 2). Whereas the intervention did not affect speciesist attitudes in Study 1, it did in the more strongly powered Study 2. Finally, the path model of Study 2 showed that perspective-taking and feelings associated with injustice played a role in reducing speciesism, whereas awareness of animal treatment did not. Together, our intervention provides an important step to sustainability by changing the moral standing of animals.
Achievement emotions in kindergarten: The association of solution accuracy with discrete joy, sadness, and surprise
Authors: Kutaka Traci Shizu , Chernyavskiy Pavel , Hofkens Tara
Published: September 2024

The current study examines the extent to which the intensity of six basic, discrete achievement emotions (joy/happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear, and disgust) influenced the accuracy of solutions during an early childhood teaching experiment. Emotions were encoded using FaceReader9 from the facial expressions of 15 kindergarten-aged children as they solved increasingly complex arithmetic story problems during a 3-month teaching experiment. The three most intensely expressed emotions at the launch of the instructional sessions were happiness/joy, sadness, and surprise. Using functional regressions, these expressed achievement emotions were found to be associated with the accuracy for the entire instructional session. Each achievement emotion had a different time-varying pattern of association. When the effect of session (time spent in the experiment) was added to the model, the relationship between happiness/joy and accuracy became non-significant; however, the relationship between surprise and accuracy, as well as sadness and accuracy persisted. This study serves as a critical first step in clarifying how achievement emotions contribute to problem-solving behavior as we grapple with how to respond to the ebb and flow of young children’s emotions in ways that are affirming, as well as mathematically productive and generative.
When the wandering mind trips: Attentional fluctuations influence memory for temporal structure of experience
Authors: Vitello Mary , Rissman Jesse
Published: September 2024

By drawing attention away from environmental stimuli, mind-wandering may disrupt encoding of sensoryinformation and segmentation of ongoing experiences into discrete events.However, relatively little is known about its consequences for the formation and later recall of temporally structured event memories.To investigate howmind-wandering influencestemporal memory, we adapted the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART)paradigmto give it episodic structure(“EpiSART”). By presenting participants with a continuous series of visual objects and periodically switching the category of these object stimulito induce event boundaries, we were able to examine the influence of event boundaries on response time variability, a marker ofmind-wandering. Across four experiments, wefound a significant change in the slope of the response time variance time course (VTC) before versusafter an event boundary, with the former having a positive slope (increasing mind-wandering) and the latter having a negative slope (reduction in mind-wandering). Critically, the degree to which participants redirected their focus, indexed by a reduction in the VTC, after an event boundary (Experiment 1and 2) orafter making an error (Experiment 3) predicted subsequent memory for the temporal order of events.However, when task demands increased, and mind-wanderingconsequentlydecreased, changes in VTC slopeat these critical time points had no relationship with subsequent temporal order memory (Experiment 4). Taken together, these results suggest that event boundaries and errors serve to momentarily reduce mind-wanderingin a mannerthat is consequential for temporal memory.
タスク・プロジェクト管理ツールを用いたチームのパフォーマンスマネジメント
Authors: Shimamune Satoru , Mari KATAOKA , Takashi HIRANO , Shinsuke YAMADA
Published: September 2024

情報システムを活用してチームのパフォーマンスをデータに基づいて改善するPDCA（Plan-Do-Check-Action）サイクルの効果を1年半にわたって検証した。タスク・プロジェクト管理ツールを開発し，ユーザーを支援するチームのメンバー3-5人が実験に参加した。彼らが開発しているタスク・プロジェクト管理ツールを用い ，1)タスク登録ルールの遵守率，2) 計画したタスクの安定性，3) 登録したタスクの完了率という3つの指標を継続して測定した。課題明示とパフォーマンスフィードバックという方略を用いた介入を順次導入することで，これら3つの指標が改善された。デジタルトランスフォーメーション（DX）のために必要な人を対象としたマネジメント方略のさらなる検証と行動指標をKPI（重要業績評価指標）と結びつけることの重要性について論じた。
How do infants experience caregiving?
Authors: Thomas Ashley J , Steele Christina , gopnik alison , Saxe Rebecca
Published: September 2024

Almost all of human infants’ experience and learning takes place in the context of caregiving relationships. This paper considers how infants understand the care they receive. We begin by outlining plausible features of an “intuitive theory” of care. On this intuitive theory, caregiving has both a distinctive foundational structure and distinctive features that differentiate it from other social relationships. We then review methods and findings from research on infants’ understanding of people and social relationships. We propose that even before infants can use language, they may understand caregiving as an abstract intuitive theory with some features in common with the adult theory. In particular, infants understand care relationships as intimate, altruistic, and asymmetric. We review work that starts to shed light on this proposal, including that infants distinguish between intimate relationships and merely positive ones, and that they have asymmetric expectations of responses to distress in intimate relationships that occur between large and small individuals. The proposal that infants can make these inferences has societal and political implications for how we structure caregiving in early life.
The Physical Activity, Imaging, and Ambulatory Testing (PHIAT) Project: Protocol for a High-frequency Ambulatory Assessment Study
Authors: Hakun Jonathan , Elbich Daniel Benjamin , Alwerdt Jessie , Tate Ashley , Coyl Jennifer , Kanski Bethany , Qiu Tian
Published: September 2024

Background: Multiple, independent lines of research on self-regulation point to executive cognitive ability (executive function/cognitive control) as a factor that underlies the capacity to successfully regulate one’s thoughts, emotion, and behavior. Critically, while leading theories point to the role of executive control in modifying ‘in-the-moment’ regulatory processes (e.g., enacting physical activity, resisting a poor dietary choice, reflecting on a stressful experience), few studies have tested the executive hypothesis at this timescale. Moreover, given normative changes in executive control across the adult lifespan, it is essential to understand how cognitive aging might impact these processes. Objective: The Physical Activity, Imaging, and Ambulatory Testing (PHIAT) project was designed to test how variation in executive control at multiple timescales (from moment-to-moment within-days to age-differences across decades) influences self-regulation across the adult lifespan. Methods: A 14-day, high-frequency, ambulatory assessment protocol was designed for the current study. The study was conducted in a measurement burst design and included a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol involving 6 assessments per day. Ultra-brief ambulatory cognitive assessments of multiple domains of cognition were included in the EMA protocol. Throughout the measurement burst, participants also wore 3 activity monitors on the hip, thigh, and wrist to measure physical activity/exercise, sedentary behavior, and to self-monitor physical activity behavior, respectively. Results: A total of N=221 participants ranging from 18-89 years of age completed the PHIAT protocol over the course of 2021 to 2024. EMA data was collected from participants reflecting a wide range of psychosocial factors surrounding participation in health-promoting behaviors (motivation, intention, stress, built environment, social cognitive factors). This EMA data stream is complemented by data from high-frequency, ambulatory cognitive assessments measuring processing speed, working memory capacity, inhibitory control, and divided/sustained attention administered 5 times per day throughout the 14-day burst. In addition, health promoting behaviors, including sleep, diet, hydration, physical activity, and exercise, were assessed throughout the 14-day burst through a combination of EMA self-report and continuous activity monitoring. Conclusions: A rich, high-frequency dataset was generated by the PHIAT project that will provide a range of novel insights into the motivational, information processing, and environmental factors that surround self-regulation of health-promoting behavior.
Affective Framing of Environmental News Headlines Influences Engagement, Donations, and Memory
Authors: Sinclair Alyssa Hannah , Cosme Danielle , Carreras Tartak Jose , Falk Emily B.
Published: September 2024

Negativity motivates people to read and share news, but can also harm mental health and discourage action. We tested an alternate route to engagement—evoking positive emotions by emphasizing action to address a problem. In two experiments, we adapted environmental news headlines to feature different aspects of each story, emphasizing Crisis or Action. Both Crisis and Action framing (and negative and positive emotions, respectively) motivated reading and sharing, relative to the unaltered headlines. Crucially, consistent with theoretical predictions, we identified a trade-off: Crisis framing had the strongest effects on immediate engagement (increasing sharing and charitable donations), but Action framing enhanced future memory for news content. In a third study, we computationally classified content in >25,000 news articles on social media; Action and Crisis framing were both associated with increased engagement. Overall, we demonstrate that the affective framing of news modulates reading, sharing, donations, and memory in laboratory and real-world settings.
Psychedelics and autobiographical memory – Six open questions
Authors: Kangaslampi Samuli , Lietz Morten P.
Published: September 2024

Since the earliest LSD research, psychedelics have been claimed to enhance autobiographical recall. Revisiting and processing autobiographical memories has further been suggested to be a major component of the therapeutic action of psychedelics. However, modern psychedelic research has largely neglected autobiographical elements of psychedelic experiences, and many vital questions remain unanswered. We present and discuss six open questions related to psychedelics and autobiographical memory: 1. Do psychedelics enhance autobiographical recall? 2. Is recall and processing of significant autobiographical (e.g., traumatic) memories a common part of psychedelic experiences? 3. Do psychedelics promote the development of false or inaccurate memories? 4. How do autobiographical memories change if they are recalled and re-consolidated under the effects of psychedelics? 5. What are memories of psychedelic experiences like? 6. Are autobiographical experiences under psychedelics of particular importance for their therapeutic effects? We present the rationale and current limited state of evidence for each question and provide suggestions on how future studies could best address them. We argue that, besides advancing basic research, answering these pressing questions is highly relevant for the possible therapeutic use of psychedelics, both in terms of developing and optimizing new interventions and for avoiding iatrogenic harms. Ideally, future psychedelic-assisted interventions could harness the possible synergies between the effects of psychedelics and existing memory-based therapies.
Can Two Variables Have the Same Values but Different Impacts? Revisiting Card & Krueger (1994) and Lord's (1967) Paradox
Authors: Kim Yongnam , La Soo Jung
Published: September 2024

The study by Card and Krueger (1994) investigated the impact of the minimum wage on employment by comparing New Jersey (treatment group) and Pennsylvania (control group). We question which variable serves as their treatment in the analysis: Minimum wage (increase or not) or State (New Jersey or Pennsylvania)? Despite the perfect correlation, the two treatment effects differ conceptually. Drawing a causal graph, we demonstrate how to derive the effect of Minimum wage on employment by examining the effect of State on the employment change. Further, extending to Lord's (1967) paradox, we show how to infer the effect of Diet despite its perfect collinearity with students' Sex status. Our approach offers a novel perspective on Lord's paradox, avoiding substantial distortion of the original scenario.
लकारार्थे वैयाकरणमतप्राबल्यम्
Authors: खतिवडा: Khatiwada अर्जुन Arjun
Published: September 2024

Available with Fulltext.
नागेशकौण्डभट्टद्रिश्ट्या समासशक्तिविमर्श:
Authors: खतिवडा: Khatiwada कुमार Kumar
Published: September 2024

Available with Fulltext.
Sustainable Rural Tourism: A Social Transformation of Rural Area
Authors: Megha Asmaul Husna , Sarker Jashim Uddin
Published: September 2024

The study focuses on presenting social transformation through quality of life led by sustainable rural tourism. Social transformation is a tenacious and erratic process pointing towards the society’s changes from ascribed status to achieved status. It is not brought in frontline of the research field of tourism, especially, of sustainable rural tourism and quality of life. This paper has selected three rural areas of Bangladesh as a study area where structured questionnaire survey has piloted among local communities who live there for more than three years. One hypothesis was developed regarding the effects of sustainable rural tourism on the quality of life demographically in selected study areas. This study paper has designed to find how sustainable tourism changes a society in rural area from sociocultural, economical, and environmental aspects. The revolution of sustainability of these three dimensions reflects a quality of life of a society. The result has revealed that rural society has experienced economic growth, infrastructural development, social empowerment, cultural preservation, environmental preservation and conservation, and social awareness. It also shows that sustainable rural tourism and social transformation is sharing a favorable relationship in terms of the three pillars of sustainability. It is evident for certain, sustainable tourism development in rural area improves the quality of life and advances the spatial development.
Trend Analysis of Tourist-arrivals in Nepal Using Auto- Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model
Authors: Khatri Bishnu Bahadur , Poudel Omkar , Kafle Sarad Chandra , Acharya Pradeep , Simkhada Daya
Published: September 2024

Nepal, a diverse and geographically varied landlocked country with a rich tapestry of cultures, and natural heritages, boasts iconic attractions such as Mt. Everest as the world’s highest peak, Lumbini as the birthplace of Lord Buddha, Pashupatinath Temple as one of the world’s most celebrated pilgrimages for the Hindus, Chitwan National Park, home to the one-horned rhino enlisted by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization world’s natural treasure, etc. Attracting tourists from all corners of the globe, Nepal’s unique blend of landscapes and cultural heritage has made this country a prominent destination. This research delves into a comprehensive trend analysis of tourist arrivals in Nepal from 1964 to 2023, employing the Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model based on the secondary data employed from the Ministry of Finance, Government of Nepal. The model provides insights into past trends and forecasts future tourist arrivals, evidenced by the rigorous test using the Root Mean Square Error. The analysis employed several ARIMA models, including ARIMA (2, 1, 3), ARIMA (2, 1, 2), ARIMA (3, 1, 3), and ARIMA (3, 1, 2), with model performance assessed using criteria such as Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). Findings indicate that the ARIMA (2 1, 3) model provides the most accurate forecasts compared to the other models tested. This finding has significant implications for Nepal’s tourism industry. The results underscore the importance of adopting flexible and strategic planning approaches to enhance the resilience of Nepal’s tourism sector. The study’s insights are valuable for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers, contributing to the development of targeted strategies that ensure sustainable growth in the face of ongoing volatility.
Effect of Covid-19 Vaccination on disease Severity among Covid-19 patients admitted in KMCTH
Authors: Mishra Navin Kumar , Karn Rohit , Shrestha Milan , Acharya Abhiskar , Acharya Sunil , Dahal Suresh , Neopane Arpana
Published: September 2024

Background: The COVID-19 Pandemic has affected millions of people globally with significant morbidity and mortality. Though the overall case fatality rate (CFR) in Nepal was less than 1% during the initial peak, the CFR is expected to increase during the current second wave of the pandemic. Since no specific effective therapies exist, breaking the chain of transmission sounds logical. COVID-19 vaccine development is believed to be effective and safe in preventing disease adverse outcomes.
Aim: Primary aim of the study was to know the COVID-19 vaccination status among the patients admitted with RT-PCR positive for COVID-19 and secondary aim of the study was to observe the difference between the outcome in terms of resources utilization LIKE NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION (NIV), Hi-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.
Method: This was a hospital-based Prospective Observational Study. All patients admitted at KMCTH from June 01, 2021 –July 31st 2021 with COVID-19 RT-PCR Positive meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled. Ethical Clearance was taken from KMC-IRC.
Result: During the study period, a total of 160 RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 cases were admitted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH). Out of the total patients, 74 (46.25%) were not vaccinated for covid-19 whereas 86 (53.75%) patients were vaccinated either with Vero cell (39.53%) or Covishield (60.47%) Covid-19 vaccine. The study showed 2.32% of vaccinated patients required ventilatory support compared to 13.50 % of unvaccinated patients requiring ventilatory support having significant ( p value <0.05) impact on outcome. The relative risk for unvaccinated patients going to ventilator was 5.81 times higher than for vaccinated patients.
Conclusion: The authors found out that more than half of the individual admitted were vaccinated (53.75 VS 46.25). Moreover, Vaccination (either with Covishield or Vero cell) appears to be effective in limiting requirement of more advance services like NIV, HFNC, and invasive mechanical ventilator. We recommend a larger, multicenter, randomized study in the future.