bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN JUMLAH MONOSIT DENGAN LAMA HARI RAWAT PADA ANAK PENDERITA DIARE AKUT DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO TAHUN 2014
Authors: Rumokoy Riandy P. , Warouw Sarah M. , Mantik Max F. J.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Diarrhea due to infection is a major factor in the morbidity and mortality worldwide. During the inflammation process, there are agents that act as the body’s defense against infection, inter alia leukocytes which monocytes are in. The higher the number of leukocytes, the more severe the infection and it can also affect the length of stay (LOS) of patients. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between the number of monocytes with LOS of children with acute diarrhea. This was a historical cohort study. Subjects were all children with acute diarrhea hospitalized in the Pediatrics Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in 2014. Data were analyzed with Spearman rho correlation test. The resluts showed that the number of samples were 52 childrenconsisted of 29 boys and 23 girls. The most frequent found were LOS of 3 days (19.2%) and most patients experienced an increased number of monocytes (59.6%). The Spearman rho correlation analysis obtained a p-value of 0.03. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the number of monocytes with length of stay in children with acute diarrhea.Keywords: number of monocytes, length of hospitalization, acute diarrheaAbstrak: Diare karena infeksi merupakan faktor utama pada tingginya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas di seluruh dunia. Pada proses peradangan sendiri terdapat agen yang berperan sebagai pertahanan tubuh untuk melawan infeksi, yaitu leukosit yang di dalamnya terdapat monosit. Semakin tinggi jumlah leukosit maka semakin berat juga infeksinya dan dapat berpengaruh pada lama hari rawat penderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah monosit dengan lama hari rawat anak dengan diare akut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historical cohort. Subjek penelitian ialah semua anak penderita diare akut yang dirawat di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2014. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearman rho. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 52 anak, 29 anak laki-laki dan 23 anak perempuan. Lama hari rawat yang paling sering ialah 3 hari (19,2%), kebanyakan penderita mengalami peningkatan jumlah monosit (59,6%). Hasil analisis korelasi Spearman rho didapatkan p-value = 0.03. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara jumlah monosit dengan lama hari rawat pada anak penderita diare akut.Kata kunci:jumlah monosit, lama hari rawat, diare akut
Tingkat Pengetahuan Bahaya Merokok bagi Kesehatan Gigi Mulut pada Siswa SMK Negeri 8 Manado
Authors: Rompis Karen , Wowor Vonny N. S. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Smoking habit can be found in various age groups, ranging from children to adults. To date, many children and adolescents have become active smokers. Smoking is one of the triggers of oral cavity disorders and it influences aesthetics inter alia discolored teeth, mucosal thickening, gingivitis, and even oral cancer. This study was aimed to determine the level of knowledge about the impact of smoking on oral and dental health among students of SMK Negeri 8 Manado (senior high school). This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, involving 40 respondents obtained by using total sampling method. Data were obtained by using questionnaire covering the characteristics of respondents and their levels of knowledge about the impact of smoking on oral and dental health. The results showed that the level of student knowledge about the impact of smoking on oral and dental health was 543. In conclusion, the level of knowledge of students at SMK Negeri 8 Manado about the impact of smoking on oral health was classified as good.Keywords: knowledge of students, impact of smoking, oral and dental health Abstrak: Kebiasaan merokok dapat ditemukan pada berbagai golongan usia, mulai dari anak-anak hingga dewasa bahkan saat ini banyak anak-anak serta remaja sudah menjadi perokok aktif. Kebiasaan merokok merupakan salah satu pencetus timbulnya gangguan penyakit rongga mulut serta memengaruhi estetika, antara lain dapat mengakibatkan perubahan warna gigi, penebalan mukosa, gingivitis, bahkan kanker mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut pada siswa SMK Negeri 8 Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Terdapat 40 responden penelitian, diambil menggunakan total sampling. Pengum-pulan data diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang meliputi karakteristik responden dan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut memperoleh skor 543. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tingkat pengetahuan siswa SMK Negeri 8 Manado tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut tergolong baik.Kata kunci: pengetahuan siswa, bahaya merokok, kesehatan gigi mulut
Hubungan konsumsi jajanan dan status karies gigi siswa di SMP NEGERI 1 Tareran
Authors: Wawointana Iwan P. , Umboh Adrian , Gunawan Paulina N.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Dental caries is caused by email and dentin demineralization. In general, school age children have a high caries risk because they like to consume cariogenic foods. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional approach. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between cariogenic food consumption and dental caries status among students of SMP Negeri 1 Tareran.The whole study population as many as 258 students were used as samples. Primary data consisted of the dental caries examination to obtain the number of dental caries status (DMF-T) and of the questionnaire by using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to obtain the consumption of cariogenic foods. The results showed that cariogenic food consumption of the majority of students in SMP Negeri 1 Tareran was categorized as occasionally which meant several times weekly. Dental caries status of the students belonged to the low category with an average DMF-T 1,82 which meant each student had two caries teeth. The statistical test showed that there was a relationship between consumption of cariogenic food and dental caries status.Keywords: consumption of cariogenic foods, dental caries statusAbstrak: Karies gigi merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh demineralisasi email dan dentin. Anak-anak usia sekolah umumnya berisiko tinggi terhadap karies karena mereka memiliki kebiasaan mengonsumsi makanan kariogenik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi jajanan dan status karies gigi di SMP Negeri 1 Tareran. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh murid di SMP Negeri 1 Tareran yang berjumlah 258. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. Pengambilan data primer yaitu pemeriksaan karies gigi untuk melihat status karies gigi (DMF-T) dan pengisian kuesioner dengan menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) untuk melihat konsumsi jajanan pada siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Tareran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi jajanan sebagian besar siswa SMP Negeri 1 Tareran termasuk dalam kategori kadang-kadang yakni beberapa kali dalam seminggu. Status karies gigi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Tareran termasuk dalam kategori rendah dengan rata-rata DMF-T 1,82 yang artinya siswa mengalami karies rata-rata 2 gigi. Hasil uji statistik yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan konsumsi jajanan dan status karies gigi.Kata kunci: konsumsi jajanan, status karies gigi
PRODUKTIVITAS LAHAN, KOMPETISI, DAN TOLERANSI DARITIGA KLON UBIJALAR PADA SISTEM TUMPANG SARI DENGAN JAGUNG
Authors: Paulus Jeanne Martje
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Paulus, J.M. 2005. Land Productivity, Competition, and Tolerance of Three Sweet Potato Clones Planted as Intercroping with Maize. Eugenia 11 (1): 1-7. A field experiment was conducted in Cikeumeuh Experimental Garden of Food Crop Biotechnology Research Station (BAUTBIO) Bogor to study Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Competition Ratio (CR), and Stress Tolerance (TOL) of sweet potato and maize. The highest tuber yiled of sweet potato was 16,83 ton ha-[1] gained by CIP-2 at 100 cm planting distance of maize and the highest maize yiled was 4,50 ton ha-1 Cangkuang in intercropping with Cangkung clone. The LER, CR, and TOL, CIP-2 and SQ were suitable for intercrops at all planting distance but Cangkuang was not suitable for intercrops with maize. Keywords: Ipomoea batatas, clon, intercroping [1] Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian UNSRAT Manado, 95115
IDENTIFIKASI PENANDA ISOZIM PER-7, PER-8, DAN RAPD OB17375 PADA KELAPA GENJAH SALAK (GSK) DAN BEBERAPA HASIL SILANGANNYA DENGAN KELAPA DALAM
Authors: Runtunuwu Semuel D. , Lengkong Eddy F.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Runtunuwu, S.D. and E.F. Lengkong. 2005. Identification of Isozyme Markers (PER-7, PER-8, and RAPD OBI7375) of Dwarf Salak Coconut (GSK) and its Tall Hibrids. Eugenia 11 (1): 8-17. The objective of this research was to identify PER-7 and PER-8 isozymes, and OB17 375 RAPD as molecular markers for resistance to NF Phytophthora disease in Genjah Salak (GSK) dwarf coconut and its several hybrids with Tall coconut at The Research Institute for Coconut and Palmae (RICP) Manado. Coconut resistance to NF Phytophthora disease was determined based on disease lesion size of inoculated coconut fruits at 7 days after inoculation. PER-7 and PER-8 isozymes marker were identified using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis, and OB17375 RAPD marker was identified based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using kit B number 17 primer (Operon Technologies, California). PER-7 isozyme marker could be used to select GSK x DTA (Dalam Tenga) and GSK x RLT (Rennell Tall) hybrid coconuts that resistant to NF Phytophthora disease. PER-7 isozyme without OB17375 markers (PER-7/-) could be used to select resistant GSK x WAT (West African Tall) hybrid coconut to the disease. Keywords: Isozymes, RAPD, Molecular marker, Phytophthora disease, coconut
STUDI KERAGAMAN POLA PITA DNA DAN KESERAGAMAN POPULASI KELAPA GENJAH SALAK (GSK) BERDASARKAN PENANDA RAPD
Authors: Hengky Novarianto , Runtunuwu Semuel D. , Lengkong Edy F. , Singkoh Merlyn
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Novarianto, H., et.al. 2007. The Study of the Variety of DNA Tape Form and the Coconut Genjah Salak Population Variety Based on RAPD Code. Eugenia 13 (1):109-118.   The goal of this research to study the variety of DNA tape form and the population variety of coconut Genjah Salak (GSK) based on RAPD code (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA). 25 trees individu of coconut GSK was amplification the genomic of DNA using 35 primer Operon Kit A and Kit B. The coconut GSK individu tree that were analyse was selected based on the female flower production, with average above 40 female flower. The electrophoresis of DNA result of amplication PCR get tape form monomorfic and polimorfic between 25 individu coconut GSK trees that was analyzed. OPA 09 primer and OPB 06 get the result of monomorfic tape form, other wise the OPA 13 primer, OPB 05 and OPB 10 get polimorfic tape form. The genetic similarity in coconut Genjah Salak (GSK) population based on RAPD code rate was 88 % or have the variety genetic of 12 %. Therefore based of this similarity the coconut GSK population was clustering in five groups. The goal of this research to study the variety of DNA tape form and the population variety of coconut Genjah Salak (GSK) based on RAPD code (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA). 25 trees individu of coconut GSK was amplification the genomic of DNA using 35 primer Operon Kit A and Kit B. The coconut GSK individu tree that were analyse was selected based on the female flower production, with average above 40 female flower. The electrophoresis of DNA result of amplification PCR get tape form monomorfic and polimorfic between 25 individu coconut GSK trees that was analyzed. OPA 09 primer and OPB 06 get the result of monomorfic tape form, other the OPA 13 primer, OPB 05 and OPB 10 get polimorfic tape form. The genetic similarity in coconut Genjah Salak (GSK) population based on RAPD code rate was 88 % or have the variety genetic of 12%. Therefore based of this similarity the coconut GSK population was clustering in five groups. Keywords: Keragaman genetic; kelapa Genjah Salak (GSK), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO PISANG BARANGAN (Musa paradisiacal Var. Sapientum L.) PADA MEDIA MURASHIGE DAN SKOOG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BENZYLAMINOPURIN
Authors: Tilaar W. , Sompotan Saartje
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Tilaar, W. and S. Sompotan. 2007. Multiplication in vitro of Banana Crop (Musa paradisiacal var. Sapientum L.) in Murashige and Skoog Medium With Suplemented Benzyleaminopurine. Eugenia 13 (2):127-131.   The objectives of this research was to examine in vitro multiplication of Banana in Murashige and Skoog medium by supplementing Benzyleamynopurine. This research was conducted in May-August 2006 at Laboratorium Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Sam Ratulangi. A Randomized complete design was use with four replication on each treatment. The treatments were 0; 7,5; 10 and 12,5 ppm. The variables of observed were total shoot, shoot height, and total leaves. The data was analysis using analysis of variance. The result showed that there significant differences on variable total shoot and leaves total. However, there was not significant difference on shoot height.   Keywords: Multiplication in vitro, Murashige and Skoog Medium, Benzylaminopurin, Musa paradisiaca
STUDI PERAKITAN KELAPA HIBRIDA GSK x DMT BERDASARKAN PENANDA RAPD (RANDOMLY AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA)
Authors: Runtunuwu Semuel D. , Novarianto Hengky , Tampake Heldering , Lengkong Edy F.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Runtunuwu, S.D. et al. 2008. Assembling Hybrid Coconut of GSK x DMT Based on RAPD (RANDOMLY AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA) Marker. Eugenia 14 (1) : 134-152.   The aimed of this research was : 1. assembling hybrid coconut GSK x DMT (Genjah Salak x Dalam Mapanget) that seeds growth was relatifly homogeneous based on RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marker and 2. to found the assembling method of hybrid coconut that will produce massive seeds relatifely short time will homogeneous plant. It was 65 individu trees observe for the average of famale flower per bunch. The result was 25 individu of coconut GSK has the average flower production > 40 per bunch was analyze the homogeneous genetic with the RAPD marker. Based on the analyze RAPD that were 25 individu of GSK coconut trees have the same genetic average 88 % and 14 individu among that was 100 % have same genetic. Further more that 14 individu of GSK was crossing with the 3 individu of DMT that have high yield per year its was DMT 1188, 1172 and 781. Based on the evaluation for the color of buds, high of buds, the steam circle, the petiole color and the germination time of hybrid coconut seeds from the crossing of GSK x DMT 1188 produce more than    70 % seeds that have same genetic, also for crossing of GSK x DMT 1172 have 9 combination and have more than 70 % that same genetic, 10 combination from crossing GSK x DMT 781 have more than 80 % same seeds growth. Therefore, using the RAPD marker were successfully produced 28 crossing of the hybrid coconut GSK x DMT that have relatifly homogeneous seeds growth.   Keywords : assembling, hybrid coconut GSK x DMT, RAPD.
MODEL PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG HIBRIDA PADA PERLAKUAN PEMBERIAN NITROGEN SERTA PEMANGKASAN TASSEL
Authors: Paat Frangky J. , Rogi J. E.X. , Runtunuwu David S.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This research was aimed to identify the growth and production model of hybrid maize in each treatments of nitrogen application and tassel trimming. This research was carried out in field experiment in Tountimomor Village of Kakas District in Minahasa Regency.  The result of this research showed that this model could stimulate the growth and production of maize with the total biomass of 8000 kg/ha. Optimum leaf nitrogen of 1.6 % at 49 day after cultivate. The highest leaf biomass from field measurement was reached in nitrogen fertilizing of 92 kg/ha. The highest tassel biomass from field measurement was obtained in treatment trimming which was 4 gr/ha. Keywords : Growth  Model, Production, Maize,  Nitrogen, Tassel Trimming ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pertumbuhan dan model produksi dari jagung hibrida dalam tiap-tiap perlakuan pemberian nitrogen dan pemangkasan tassel. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan di desa Tountimomor Kecamatan Kakas Kabupaten Minahasa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa model dapat menstimulasi pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung dengan jumlah biomassa 8000 kg/ha. Nitrogen daun optimum adalah 1,6% pada 49 hari setelah ditanam. Biomassa daun tertinggi didapat pada pemberian Nitrogen sebesar 92 kg/ha. Biomassa tassel tertinggi dari pengukuran lapangan didapat dalam perlakuan pemangkasa tassel sebanyak 4gr/ha. Kata kunci: Model pertumbuhan, Produksi, Jagung, Nitrogen, Pemangkasan Tassel.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS POHON DI HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG SAHENDARUMAN, KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
Authors: Kainde Reynold P.
Published: July 2019

This research was carried out in the Mount of Sahendaruman Protection Forest from February to May2006, aiming to find out information tree spesies biodiversity. The method was exploration usingtransects of 20m wide from the mountain top divided in 8 directions. Result showed that there were 70tree species from 32 families belong to Magnoliopsida (dicotyl) and division of Magnoliophyta (flowerplant). There were 7 tree species in which member of Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae dan Rubiaceae. Fivetree species were member of Apocynaceae. Four tree species were member of Meliaceae. Family ofActinidaceae, Burseraceae, Guttiferae, Monimiaceae had three species each. The following familynamely Anacardiaceae, Araliaceae, Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Theaceae donated two species each.Each family of Aquifoliaceae, Bignoniaceae, Celastraceae, Combretaceae, Combretaceae,Ealeocarpaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, Flacour tiaceae, Gesperiaceae, Mimosaceae, Moraceae,Ochnaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Saxifragaceae, Staphyleaceae accounted onespecies. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilaksanakan di Hutan Lindung Gunung Sahendaruman Kebupaten Kepulauan Sangihe,yang berlangsung mulai bulan Februari – Mei 2006 dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasitentang keanekaragaman jenis pohon di Hutan Lindung Gunung Sahendaruman. Penelitian inimenggunakan metode eksplorasi dengan menggunakan jalur pengamatan. Lebar jalur 20 m dan arahjalur dari puncak ke arah bawah dan dibagi menjadi 8 arah. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwaterdapat 70 jenis pohon dari 32 famili yang keseluruhan jenis-jenis pohon tersebut adalah kelasMagnoliopsida (tumbuhan dikotil) dan divisi Magnoliophyta (tumbuhan berbunga) Kelas Magnoliopsida(tumbuhan dikotil). Terdapat 7 jenis pohon yang merupakan anggota Euphorbiaceae Lauraceae danRubiaceae, 5 jenis pohon anggota Apocynaceae, 4 jenis pohon anggota of Meliaceae, 3 jenis pohonanggota of Actinidaceae, Burseraceae, Guttiferae, Monimiaceae, 2 jenis pohon anggotaAnacardiaceae, Araliaceae, Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Theaceae dan yang memiliki jumlah jenis palingsedikit adalah famili Aquifoliaceae, Bignoniaceae, Celastraceae, Combretaceae, Combretaceae,Ealeocarpaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, Flacour tiaceae, Gesperiaceae, Mimosaceae, Moraceae,Ochnaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Saxifragaceae, Staphyleaceae, Sterculiaceae yangmasing-masing family tersebut diperoleh satu jenis pohon.
PENGGUNAAN PATI SAGU MODIFIKASI FOSFAT TERHADAP SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK SOSIS IKAN PATIN (Pangasius hypophtalmus)
Authors: Koapaha Teltje , Langi Teneke , Lalujan Lana E.
Published: July 2019

Beef and chicken sausages have been widely popular in all classes of the society, howeverfish sausage has not being recognized and not available in the market yet. In the production offish sausage, the ratio between fish flesh and tapioca as well as other igredients such ascooking salt, sugar, skim-milk , ice and flavoring agent played important role on the quality offish sausages. This study aimed to find out the effect ratio of composite sago starch on theorganoleptic quality of fish sausage. The randomized design were used in this experiment.The experiment was repilicated three times and the parameters observed organoleptic weretaste, texture, colour, flavor of properties fish sausage.The modification treatment were theusing 0.25% STPP. Result showed that the composite sago starch of 50:50 and10% of it usedin fish sausage production gave the most preferable organoleptic properties with the texture0.04 mm/g.sec, taste, colour, flavor of properties fish sausage. ABSTRAKSosis dari daging ayam dan sapi sudah dikenal masyarakat luas , namun sosis dari dagingikan belum dikenal bahkan belum dijual di pasaran. Pada proses pembuatan sosis daridaging ikan , rasio daging ikan dan pati serta bahan tambahan lain seperti gula garam , sususkim, es dan bumbu penyedap berperan penting dalam menentukan kwalitas sosis ikan . Halini erat hubungannya dengan pembentukan mtriks gel protein, pati lemak dalam bentuk systememulsi sosis yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mempelajari pengaruh rasio pati sagukomposit terhadap sifat organoleptik. Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggalyaitu pati sagu modifikasi fosfat konsetrasi 0,25% STPP dalam pati sagu komposit 50:50 danRasio pati sagu komposit terhadap daging ikan 10%; 20%; 30%, diulang 3 kali. Pengamatanorganoleptik meliputi :rasa, tekstur, warna, bau sosis ikan. Hasil penelitian perlakuan terbaikdiperoleh pada pati sagu komposit yaitu pati sagu alami diambah dengan pati sagu modifikasi50:50, rasio 10% terhadap daging ikan dengan hasil uji organoleptik terhadap rasa, tekstur,warna, baus paling disukai panelis, nilai tekstur dengan alat penetrometer yaitu 0,04 mm/g.det.
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK KASAR BATANG SERAI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN LARVA Crosidolomia binotalis Zell. PADA TANAMAN KUBIS
Authors: Makal Henny V. G. , Turang Deflly A. S.
Published: July 2019

Theresearch wasaimed to assess effect of some concentrations of lemon grass stem extract to C.binotalis larvae. The advantage of the research was to give information the use lemon grass stemextract as a botanical insecticide to control C. binotalis larvae. The result showed that after applicationof the lemon grass stem extract, the C. binotalis larvae showed symptoms such as inactive of eating,inactive of movement and eventually death of larvae C. binotalis.The death of larvae was showingchanging of color at dorsal and ventral. The color at the dorsal became pale yellow and the color atventral turned to light brown.The death larvae subsequently were hardened and the entire body thelarvae were blackish brown.The percentage of C. binotalis larvae mortality increased when theconcentration of lemon grass stem extract was also increased.Concentration 80 g/50 ml resulted 95 %death of total tested larvae. It could be concluded thatlemon grass stem extract can be used to controllarvae of C.binotalis on cabbage. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak batang seraiterhadap larva C. binotalis. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tentangpenggunaan ekstrak batang serai sebagai insektisida botani untuk mengendalikan larva C. binotalis.Gejala kematian larva C. binotalis setelah aplikasi ekstrak batang serai pada awalnya larva kelihatangelisah, tidak aktif makan kemudian menjadi tidak aktif bergerak dan akhirnya mati. Larva yang matiterjadi perubahan warna, pada bagian dorsal berwarna kuning pucat dan bagian ventral berwarnacoklat muda dan lama kelamaan seluruh tubuh mengeras dan berwarna coklat kehitaman. Hasilpenelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase mortalitas larva C binotalis meningkat seiring denganmeningkatnya konsentrasi ekstrak batang serai yang diaplikasikan. Pada konsentrasi ekstrak batangserai 80g/ml menyebabkan mortalitas sebesar 95% dari keseluruhan larva uji. Berdasarkan hasil ini,ekstrak batang serai dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan larva C. binotalis pada kubis.
KELIMPAHAN POPULASI PARASITOID Trichogramma sp DAN SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BATANG PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Maramis R. T. D. , Senewe E. , Memah V. V.
Published: July 2019

This research was aimed to identify morphological charactersofparasitoid Trichogramma sp. at eachsampling location, to assess parasitoidsabundance, and to get attacking percentage data of rice stemborer. The sampling location is in Minahasa Region namely Tondano, Tompaso, Langoan and Kakas.The result revealed that adult size of the parasitoid was from 0.4 to 0.5. The female antenna was macewith short and rare hair. The male parasitoid had straight antenna, and had a lot of hair.The totalnumber of parasitoid Trichogramma spcollected from Langowan, Tompaso, Kakas, and Tondanowas322. The abundance of parasitoid Trichogramma sp was different in each sampling location. Thehighest was collected in Langoan (115) followed by Kakas (86), Tompaso (64) and Tondano (57).Attacking percentage of rice stem borer wasvaried between sampling location. The average of attackingpercentage on each location was 3,51%.The highest of attacking percentage was Langowan (4.53%)followed Kakas (4.24%), Tompaso (3.40%)and Tondano (2.27%.). ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi parasitoid Trichogramma sp padamasing-masing lokasi pengambilan contoh, mengetahui kelimpahan parasitoid, dan mendapatkan datapersentase serangan hama penggerek batang padi. Hasil identifikasi didapatkan tubuh seranggadewasa parasitoid berukuran 0,4 – 0,5 cm, antenna betina berbentuk ganda, berbulu pendek dantumbuh jarang, antenna jantan bentuk lurus dan banyak ditumbuhi bulu/ rambut-rambut. Hasil koleksikelompok telur hama penggerek batang padi sawah di Wilayah Langowan, Tompaso, Kakas, danTondano muncul parasitoid Trichogramma sp. dengan total 322 parasit. Terdapat perbedaankelimpahan parasitoid Trichogramma sp. yang ditemukan dimasing-masing lokasi studi. Kelimpahanpopulasi parasitoid tertinggi di wilayah Langowan (115), kemudian diikutio berturut-turut Kakas (86),Tompaso (64), dan Tondano (57). Persentase serangan hama penggerek batang padi sawahberfluktuasi dimasing-masing lokasi studi..Rata-rata persentase serangan pada keseluruhan lokasipengamatan mencapai 3,51%. Wilayah langowan merupakan persentase tertinggi serangan hamapenggerek batang padi mencapai 4,53%, diikuti berturut-turut Kakas 4,24%, Tompaso 3,40% danterendah Tondano hanya 2,27%.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN KELIMPAHAN POPULASI SERANGGA AIR SEBAGAI INDIKATOR BIOLOGIS CEMARAN AIR PADA DAS DI LANGOWAN
Authors: Maramis Redsway T.D. , Makal Henny V.G.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Aquatic insects are one of the organisms that are used in determining water contamination. Aquatic insects are sensitive to the presence of waste dumped in the river and some are resistant to such waste. One of insect resistant waste is Chironomidae. The research objective was to determine aquatic insect species, population abundance by calculating indices diversity and biotic index. Aquatic insects in the lake watershed Tondano were collected by kicks and Hand Picking. Result showed that seven orders, theerteen families and sixteen species had been identified. The number of highest aquatic insect was found in Noogan which were 13 species, whereas in karondoran were 9 species. Aquatic insects were identified including, Heptagenia sp, sp Baetis sp, Caenis sp., Hydropsyhe, sp and Chrironomidae. The highest aquatic insect populations were collected in Karondoran followed by Winebetan and Noogan. The highest diversity index of aquatic insects was found in Winebetan whereas the lowest was in Karondoran. The lowest value of the biotic index was identified in the region Noogan suggested that water in Noogan area was clean water compared to Winebetan and Karondoran. Key word: Types and aquatic insect populations
APLIKASI METODE ARDRA DALAM IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT Bacillus thuringiensis ENDOGENIK SEBAGAI PENGENDALI HAMA KUBIS (Crocidolomia binotalis)
Authors: Salaki Christina L. , Sembiring Langkah
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Indonesian indigenous bacterial isolates of B. thuringiensis pathogenic to cabbage pest (C. binotalis) were molecularly characterized and identified using DNA fingerprinting method of ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis). Chromosomal DNA of 10 selected isolates (SLK2.3, SRNG4.2, TKO1, TK9, YPPA1, UG1A, BLPPN8.2, YWKA1, BAU3.2, LPST1) and 2 reference strains (B. thuringiensis serovar kurstaki HD1 & B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis H14) were isolated and purified by standard method. 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR method using universal primers of 27f and 1529r. PCR products were digested by 4 restriction endonucleases (EcoR1, HindIII, Pst1 dan HaeIII), and separated by agarose electrophoresis method to generate ARDRA profiles. Results of study showed that only ARDRA profiles generated by Hae III digestion were found to be meaningful and therefore used to identify the isolates. The ARDRA profile analysis indicated that the reference strain of B. thuringiensis serovar kurstaki HD1 could be clearly separated with B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis H14. In fact, those two strains have been widely recognized to be different in terms of their pathogenic specifity against insects. B. thuringiensis serovar kurstaki HD1 has been known to be specifically pathogenic to Lepidopteran whereas B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis H14 has been known to be specifically pathogenic to Dipteran. Key words : application, ARDRA, indigenous, B. thuringiensis, C. binotalis
KONSENTRASI PACLOBUTRAZOL DAN PERTUMBUHAN TINGGI BIBIT CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merryl & Perry)
Authors: Runtunuwu Semuel D. , Mamarimbing Rinny , Tumewu Pemmy , Sondakh Tommy
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the concentration of growth inhibitor Paclobutrazol (Pbz) against the high growth of clove seedlings (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merryl & Perry) and get Pbz concentrations that can produce seed cloves in a relatively short (dwarf). The results showed that spraying Paclobutrazol (Pbz) with 25-100 ppm affect height growth of clove seedlings. Pbz the higher concentration applications, the shorter the length of apical segments produced shoots. In other words, the higher the concentration Pbz, the higher the emphasis on high growth of clove seedlings. Pbz emphasis on high growth of clove seedlings varied from the lowest, ie. 3.79% (25 ppm) up to the highest, ie 69.85% (100 ppm). Based on the comparison of height increment of plants sprayed with Paclobutrazol, the dose applications can be used to get the seed cloves that dwarf is a concentration of 50 to 100 ppm. Key Words :  Paclobutrazol, Gibberellin, Clove, Dwarfism
PENAMPILAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS TOMAT PADA DUA KONDISI LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Pongoh Jantje
Published: July 2019

Increasing tomato production could be approach by various ways such as intensification and extensification programs. The programs should be supported by availability of seeds and good varieties produced by breeder. Department of Agriculture has released several high yielding varieties.  Tomato grows in a variety of altitude, both the highlands and lowlands, depending on variety. Therefore, ability of adaptation on specific location of tomato variety should be assessed. In relation to that, performance of six tomato varieties was evaluated on two different environments. The experiment was used factorial design. The results showed that performance some varieties varied between the two different environments.  Alista variety and Victory F1 revelead good performance on characters fruit weight and fruit diameter.This two varieties could be used for breeding material. Tomatoes planted on double row space showed better performance then others. Genetic similirity pattern on different row space was resulting different response. Keywords : Performance, variety, environment, similirity
PERILAKU KAWIN, UJI RESPON DAN IDENTIFIKASI SPESIES LALAT BUAH PADA BELIMBING, KETAPANG, DAN PARIA
Authors: Dumalang Sherlij , Lengkong Maxi
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Fruit flies is one of the important pests which attack fruits in Indonesia and very detrimental economicaly. The objective of this research was to determine mating behaviour of fruit flies Bactrocera sp., testing their response to attractants methyl eugenol and cue lure as well as identification  some species of fruit flies that attack belimbing, ketapang and paria fruits. The fruits samples which were affected by fruit flies were collected  from plantation at Lopana and Kapitu, South Minahasa. Imago was assessed  at laboratory of entomology,  Faculty of Agriculture. Result showed that mating time of these species was occured between 17.10 – 18.45. Sexual maturity of belimbing fruit flies was  10 -12 days. Whereas ketapang fruit flies and paria fruit flies were 10 – 14 days and 11 – 13 days respectively.  B. dorsalis complex was  attracted to methyl eugenol. While B. albistrigata and B. cucurbitaceae Coq.were attracted to cue lure. Keywords : fruit flies  Bactrocera sp. Belimbing, ketapang, paria fruits, methyl eugenol and cue lure
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP STRATEGIS TERHADAP PERENCANAAN TATA RUANG KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW TAHUN 2011-2030
Authors: Lepa Alex A. , Polii Bobby J.V. , Husain Jailani
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) can be done to ensure that the preparation of policy, planning and program (PPP)  on  spatial plan draft  of Bolaang Mongondow Regency  have included the sustainable development. The purpose of this study was (1) to asses whether the PPP have included the linkage, balance, and fairness principles. (2) to identify the environmental impact caused by implementing PPP defined in the Bolmong’s spatial plan. (3) to find out measures in mitigating  negative impacts resulting from PPP. The study was performed using quick appraisal approach by means of matrix analysis, expert judgements, secondary data, field survey, and literature. The result revealed that the score of PPP regarding linkage principle was very good (84.24%) as well as balance principle good (79.59%). The  fairness principle and SEA principle were  very good as well  which were  (83.72%),  (82.52%) respectively.  Identified nine issues of sustainable development resulted  negative and  positive impact . This study implied that mitigating  negative impacts could be achieved by integrating SEA principles to  articles that not fully considering SEA.
PENAMBAHAN GIBERALIN (GA3) DAN SUHU DINGIN TERHADAP MASA SIMPAN BUNGA GLADIOL DALAM KEMASAN PLASTIK
Authors: Longdong Ireine A. , Lengkey Lady , Kairupan Stella
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   This study aimed to obtain the concentration and duration of immersion Giberalin type GA 3 the most effective way to extend the shelf life of gladiolus flowers, and to get the type of packaging and the right temperature in prolonging the shelf life of gladiolus flowers to prolong shelf life. Descriptive method was used in two experiments. The first experiment was  GA3 concentration and immersion time on the shelf life of gladiolus flowers. The second experiment was  the type of packaging and cold temperatures on the shelf life of gladiolus flowers.  The result of first experiment showed that  gladiolus flowers  soaked at a concentration of 250 ppm GA3 and 1 hour immersion time gives had the lowest value. CO2 production was ranged from mlCO2/kg.hours 18:43  to 33.30 mlCO2/kg.hours. Severe shrinkage rates in day two ,four and six were    27.92%, 36.31% and 40.27% respectively. The degree of gladiolus flowers bloom in the day two was  42.85%  and degree of  on day four was 33.63%. The results of second experiment showed that gladiolus flowers packed in polypropylene plastic storage temperature of 50C for 12 days resulted  the lowest value. CO2 production were ranged from 8.68 mlCO2/kg.hours - 15:10 mlCO2/kg.hours. The severe shrinkage in first  day was  1 27.29%. The degree of blooming in the 8 th day was  9.63%. Degree of wilting during 12 days storage was  0%. Keywords: Flowers gladiolus, Giberalin, cold temperatures, shelf life, plastic packaging
PENYEBARAN DAN TINGKAT SERANGAN KUTU PUTIH PEPAYA DI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Anes Nasution Suharto , Tulung Max , Mamahit Juliet M.E.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Indonesia was reported attacking papaya in 2008 in Bogor. In North Sulawesi reported attacked papaya in 2009 in Manado. The purpose of research to determine the level of attacks and spreading of  papaya mealybug P. marginatus in North Sulawesi. The study was conducted from December 2010 - September 2011. Dissemination papaya mealybug based on altitude in North Sulawesi, namely: Bitung, North Minahasa, Minahasa, South Minahasa, South Minahasa, Tomohon, and Manado. Papaya plants were attacked by the intensity of the attacks seen low <25%, moderate 25-50% and 50-90% by high. Samples of papaya mealybug brought in the Laboratory Pest and Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Unsrat Manado to be identified. Results showed papaya mealybug pest infestation has spread over several papaya plantation in North Sulawesi. Papaya mealybug attack papaya covering several areas in the lowlands (<200 m asl) to high area (800 m asl). Spreading pf papaya mealybug attack papaya plantation of Minahasa, Manado, Bitung, Tomohon, North Minahasa and South East Minahasa. Attack rates range of mealbug from low, moderate, and high. Keyword : Spreading, intensity attack, Paracoccus marginatus ABSTRAK   Kutu putih pepaya Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) di Indonesia dilaporkan menyerang pepaya tahun 2008 di Bogor. Di  Sulawesi Utara dilaporkan menyerang pepaya tahun 2009 di Manado. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui penyebaran dan tingkat serangan kutu putih pepaya P. marginatus di Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian dilakukan mulai Desember 2010 - September 2011. Data penyebaran kutu putih pepaya didasarkan pada ketinggian tempat di Sulawesi Utara, yaitu : Bitung, Minahasa Utara, Minahasa, Minahasa Tenggara, Minahasa Selatan, Tomohon, dan  Manado. Tanaman pepaya yang terserang dilihat intensitas serangan yaitu serangan ringan < 25 %, sedang  25-50 % dan berat 50-90 %. Sampel tanaman yang terserang  kutu putih pepaya dan musuh alami dibawa di laboratorium Hama dan Entomologi, Fakultas Pertanian Unsrat Manado untuk diidentifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hama kutu putih pepaya telah tersebar di beberapa perkebunan  pepaya di Sulawesi Utara. Serangan kutu putih pepaya meliputi beberapa daerah di dataran rendah (< 200 m dpl) sampai di daerah tinggi (800 m dpl). Eugenia Volume 18 No. 1  April 2012 Kata Kunci : Penyebaran, intensitas serangan, Paracoccus marginatus
PERBEDAAN UMUR BIBIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L)
Authors: Porong Vikson J.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   This study used a randomized block design with five standard treatments as follows: A1 (15 days), A2 (20 days), A3 (25 days), A4 (30 days), A5 (35 days). The treatment was repeated three times. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best age of the seeds in order to obtain high growth and production. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was no siginifcant difference in the number of unproductive tillers 70 days after transplanting, but this was not the case for the leaf area index; 70 days after germination there was a significant difference. A1 treatment (15 days) had the highest LAI is 4, 56. The same result was shown in the weight of 1000 grains of rice where there was a significant difference among treatments; A1 treatment (15 days) weighted 31.12. It was concluded that the age of seedlings after transplanting had a significant effect on LAI and 1000 grain weight of rice grain after harvest. Keywords: Rice, seedling, transplanting ABSTRACT   Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima taraf perlakuan sebagai berikut : A1 (15 hari), A2 (20 hari), A3 (25 hari), A4 (30 hari), A5 (35 hari). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan umur bibit yang tepat sehingga diperoleh pertumbuhan yang tinggi. Hasil analisis statistika menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada jumlah anakan yang tidak produktif 70 hari setelah pindah tanam namun pada indeks luas daun 70 hari setelah berkecambah terdapat suatu perbedaan yang nyata, terlihat pada perlakuan A1 (15 hari) memiliki ILD tertinggi yaitu 4,56. Hal yang sama terlihat pada bobot gabah 1000 butir terdapat suatu perbedaan yang nyata antara perlakuan yaitu pada perlakuan A1 (15 hari) memiliki bobot tinggi yaitu 31,12. Disimpulkan bahwa umur bibit setelah pindah tanam sangat berpengaruh pada ILD dan bobot gabah 1000 butir padi setelah panen. Kata kunci: Padi, bibit, pindah tanam
PENYEBARAN HAMA BARU PADA TANAMAN PEPAYA DAN PAKIS HAJI DI SULAWESI UTARA DISTRIBUTION AND STATUS OF NEWLY INTRODUCED INSECT PESTS OF PAKIS HAJI IN NORTH SULAWESI
Authors: Sembel Dantje T. , Meray Elisabeth R.M. , Kandowangko Daisy S. , Dien Moulwy F. , Ratulangi Max M.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe objective of this work was to study the distribution and state of the new and accidentally introducedinsect pests of papaya and pakis haji in North Sulawesi. Results showed that the papaya mealy bug,Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has spread and establised in North Sulawesi butits level of infestation has been from low to medium depending on the location. The main naturalenemies found on the papaya mealy bug were Coccinelidae (Coleoptera), Hermetia illucens (Diptera:Stratiomyidae) and Acerophagus papaya (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The Cycad scale, Aulacaspisyasumatsui Takagi (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and yellow beetle, Lilioceris sp. (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) were first recorded on pakis haji in North Sulawesi and causing damage to pakis haji inthis region. The predator found on cycad scale was a beetle, of the famili Cybocephalidae genusCybocephalus.Keywords: Paracoccus marginatus, Aulacaspis yasumatsui, Lilioceris sp, papaya and pakis haji
KERAGAMAN JENIS MUSUH ALAMI PADA SERANGGA HAMA PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN
Authors: Moningka Mareyke , Tarore Dantje , Krisen Jeane
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to know the diversity of natural enemies (parasitoid and predator) on wet rice-field, so that could be bread to control pest insects with a tactic that is easy, cheap, efficiently and environment safe. Catching a natural enemies species was conducted in district of Tumpaan and Tenga (which was the centre of rice production in South Minahasa Regency) by sweeping (using insects trap) and direct observation in the field. The specimen insect was brought to the laboratory for identified. Diversity was measured using Shannon-wavers, and then continued to decide the species abundance average level. The natural enemies species which were found consist of five ordos of predator (Araneida, Hemiptera, Odonata, Coleoptera, and Orthoptera); 10 families; and 16 species; two ordos, 10 families and 13 species of parasitoid. The result of variance analysis showed that the abundance average level (J) of 29 species (predators and parasitoid) which were found almost the same and this value refer to value that almost the same on the diversity in species group (H) during observation either the old crop stadia or the location of rice plant. Keywords: Diversity, natural enemies, insect pest
HUBUNGAN SPESIALISASI SEL DENGAN KANDUNGAN IAA PADA KULTUR SEL Catharanthus roseus DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TRIPTOFAN
Authors: Pandiangan Dingse , Tilaar Wenny , Nainggolan Nelson
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The corelation cell specialization with IAA (indole acetic acid) content  of Catharanthus roseus cell culture by the addition of tryptophan has been done. This research is part of a strategy to increased the catharanthine content. One strategy used is the addition of tryptophan as a precursor treatment. IAA was other compound of the effect of the addition of tryptophan. Research was conducted in the laboratory using MS medium with tryptophan 50-250 mg/L. The cell morphology observations made by Halogen Nikon microscope and documented with a digital camera Nikon DXM 1200F. The results showed that cell morphology is essentially the same for each treatment. The differences seen is the presence of more the long cells in the treatment of tryptophan. The longest ratio is the treatment of 150 mg/L tryptophan at day 14 of culture. Changes in cell morphology relationship more long (run specialization) has something to do with the IAA content after treatment tryptophan. The highest IAA content equal 214,79±0,90  µg/g dw  was occurred at day 14th after being treated tryptophan 150 mg/L with 75% long cells or cells specialization. The relationship between the content of IAA specialized cells showed a positive correlation of 0.80 or 80% of each other. Key words: Cell specialization, IAA content, catharanthine, tryptophan, Catharanthus roseus ABSTRAK   Hubungan antara spesialisasi sel dengan kandungan IAA (asam indol asetat) kultur sel Catharanthus roseus dengan perlakuan triptofan telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari strategi peningkatan kandungan katarantin. Salah satu strategi yang digunakan adalah penambahan perlakuan triptofan sebagai prekursor. IAA merupakan hasil sampingan sebagai pengaruh penambahan triptofan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan media MS dengan triptofan 50-250 mg/L. Pengamatan spesialisasi sel dilakukan dengan mikroskop Nikon Halogen  dan didokumentasikan dengan kamera digital Nikon DXM 1200F. Bentuk sel pada dasarnya sama untuk setiap perlakuan. Perbedaan yang terlihat nyata adalah adanya sel-sel panjang lebih banyak pada perlakukan triptofan. Perlakuan yang paling panjang rationya adalah pada perlakuan 150 mg/L triptofan pada hari ke-14 kultur. Hubungan perubahan bentuk sel yang lebih banyak panjang (mengalami spesialisasi) ada hubungannya dengan kandungan IAA dan katarantin yang meningkat selelah perlakuan triptofan. Kandungan IAA paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 214,79±0,90  µg/g bk  terjadi pada hari ke 14 selelah diberi perlakuan triptofan 150 mg/L dengan persentasi sel panjang atau sel mengalami spesialisasi 75%. Hubungan antara spesialisasi sel dengan kandungan IAA menunjukkan hubungan yang positif sebesar 0,80 atau 80% saling menunjang. Kata kunci: Spesialisasi sel, IAA, katarantin, triptofan, Catharanthus roseus