bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE BIOPRESERVATIVE EFFECT OF THE SELECTED LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL STABILITY OF GRANOLACT PROBIOTIC PRODUCT
Authors: Barbu Vasilica
Published: December 2021

A novel probiotic food was developed, Granolact™, comprising of lactic acid bacteria enriched germinated wheat flakes. The wheat germinates in 3 days following an original biotechnological scheme. The originality consists in times given to the wet moisturing stages that alternate with the dry moisturing ones as well as the short surface treatment, with various starter cultures of lactic bacteria selected as having antimicrobial activity. Starter cultures were added to the germinating wheat, in the third stage of moisturizing, to a ratio of 500 mL inoculum per kg, in two technological variants: a short term treatment, for 30 min, and a long one, for 60 min. A number of three bacterial strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, 13GAL, 14GAL and 15GAL, and two of Lactobacillus brevis, 16GAL and 17GAL respectively, were used. Results show a drastic decrease in counts for contaminants leading to a safe product, in compliance with current microbiological specifications. No influence upon activity of the enzymes involved in wheat germination was noticed. A 90 day monitoring period was used for assessing product stability, as well as the viability of the probiotic strains, adherent to the surface of the flakes. The shelf life of the product was found to be two weeks, although a probiotic activity of lactic acid bacteria was noticed for dead cells as well.
ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD – IMPLICATION FOR THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Modoran Constanta , Tofana Maria , Muste Sevastita , Modoran D.
Published: December 2021

It is a very complex and actual problem to assure a healthy and equilibrate feeding, because of the special importance that food has for human health.

The acrylamide contamination of food products or the formation during the technological processes are among the main risk factors for public health owed to the potential to generate toxicity from this contamination with multiple noxious effects.

Acrylamide is an instable organic compound, white crystals, odorless, water, ethanol and ether soluble. It has the composition, from chemical point of view, of an amide, with the chemical formula C3H5NO. Acrylamide is used in the plastic materials, paper, dyes, textile industry, also in construction and cosmetics etc. It is also used for making polyacrilamide, product used as water stabilizer and sewage water treatment and for gels electrophoresis.
DO OUR STUDENTS HAVE A HEALTHY DIET?
Authors: Morar Oana Anita , Laslo Ramona
Published: December 2021

A healthy alimentation is necessary to maintain a good health of our body, eating well means choosing between different available foods the ones that provide an equilibrate amount of nutrients. For this research we used as subjects students from our faculty. From a panel of 30 subjects, only 24 were taken in account as valid. They had to report their age, height and weight, so we could calculate their BMI (Body Mass Index) and to write down every food they intake for one week. This way we were able to compare their diet to the optimal one, using a specific program from the site www.nutritiondata.com and to see the alimentation trend between students. the major problem in our student diet is the fat exaggeration, the main factor that leads to the obesity and after that to many serious diseases as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. Another important thing to know is that we could make our diet healthier beginning with the substitution of animal fats with vegetal oils as olive oil or seeds oil, but being careful not to exaggerate with these, too.
RISK MANAGEMENT OF BEER FERMENTATION DIACETYL CONTROL
Authors: Mudura Elena , Muste Sevastita , Tofana Maria , Muresan Crina
Published: December 2021

Diacetyl and 2, 3-pentandione are important contributors to beer flavor. These two compounds are grouped and reported as the vicinal diketone (VDK) content of beer. The removal of diacetyl is an important step in the maturation of beer. Diacetyl is formed by oxidative decarboxylation of ?-acetolactate. In the next step of fermentation, diacetyl is transformed to acetoin by enzymatic complex of the yeast. For flavor profile of beer it is very important that the concentration of VDK to be less than flavor threshold. In brewery pilot plant from USAMV Cluj-Napoca production trials were performed to monitoring any influence on beer quality and to optimize saving in time and cost.
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE AEROMICROFLORA IN WORK AND STORAGE ROOMS FOR CATTLE SLAUGHTERING
Authors: Tibulca Dorin , Man C. , Jimborean Mirela , Salagean Dan , Racolta Emil
Published: December 2021

The research had as purpose the study of the aeromicroflora within a unit for cattle

slaughtering, both before and during the actual work. Some work methods were established: the witness variant,

during which the disinfection was made with caustic soda and experimental variants, during which a new

decontamination factor was used and some new optimizing procedures of disinfection.
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE QUANTITATIVE MODIFICATIONS OF HOP PELLETS BITTER ACIDS DURING THE STORAGE
Authors: Tofana Maria , Muste Sevastita , Spinean Sonia , Mudura Elena , Modoran Constanta
Published: December 2021

The present study includes researches regarding the losses of hop pellets bitter acids during one

year of storage. There were found that the losses of bitter acids are different for each hop variety. The global content

on alpha bitter acids was established by conductimetry. Using the HPLC method we were able to separate the

different fractions of alpha and beta bitter acids. From the alpha/beta ratio the hop varieties can be distinguish.
THE INFLUENCE OF QUERCETIN CONCENTRATION ON ITS INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTION WITH SOYBEAN LIPOXYGENASE-1
Authors: Vicas Simona , Chedea Veronica S. , Dulf F. , Socaciu Carmen
Published: December 2021

As research studies on lipoxygenase inhibition indicate quercetin as a one of the most potent

inhibitors of this enzyme, this work presents our results concerning the inhibition of soybean lipoxygease-1 by

pure quercetin. The spectra of the mixture lipoxygenase-1 and quercetin were performed by UV-Vis spectoscopy

at the time t=0 min when the two components were mixed and after 60 min of incubation of those. For the

experiments were used three quercetin concentrations, 10μM, 50μM and 100μM. The spectra show the

formation of a new peak at λ~322 and a decrease in absorbance for peaks 1, λ~273, and 3, λ~395. This fact

indicates the formation of a new compound as a result of this reaction. The formation of this new compound

increases with the increase of the concentration of the inhibitor showing that that a greater concentration of

quercetin determines a more intense interaction between lipoxygenase and inhibitor.
DIFFERENCES OF DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN MOUNTAIN REGIONS: HISTORY OF LAND USES AND LANDSCAPES IN THE SOUTHERN BLACK FOREST (GERMANY) AND THE CENTRAL APUSENI MOUNTAINS (ROMANIA)
Authors: Reif A. , Brinkmann Katja , Goia A. , Hoernstein H. , Jaeckle S. , Mohr B. , Pacurar F. , Rotar I. , Rusdea Evelyn , Schmidt Uwe
Published: December 2021

The Southern Black Forest (Germany) and the Central Apuseni Mountains (Romania) are mountainÂ ranges with comparable natural conditions for land use (montane climate, high precipitation, relatively steepÂ slopes and less fertile soils). A comparison was made between the montane settlements of these two regions.Â Differences in colonisation time, changes of techniques, infrastructure, and access and integration into marketsÂ resulted in distinct patterns of peopleÂ´s livelihood and landscape until today. Four phases of development couldÂ be distinguished, namely (1) subsistance production, (2) improved agriculture, (3) infrastructure developmentÂ and easier access to markets, and (4) integration into European and global markets. The development in BlackÂ Forest can be described as being more continuous, whereas in the Apuseni Mountains the pase of subsistanceÂ production still today predominates, shaping the household economies and landscape structures. Only in the lastÂ 15 years, relatively fast processes of integration into the market begun, parallel to developments of theÂ infrastructure. It can be expected, that the trends in land uses in the Apuseni Mountains within few years willÂ lead to similar landscape patterns like in other European mountain ranges. It remains to be hoped, that many ofÂ the unique landscape features and habitats of the Apuseni Mountains can be preserved for the future.
REDUCING THE GAS CONSUMPTION THROUGH THE PROPER USE OF THE ENGINE REVOLUTION AND OF ENGINE POWER
Authors: Saracin Ion , Marin G. , Pandia Olimpia , Stefan M.
Published: December 2021

Therefore the specialists must to recommend to the workers that use thermal enginesÂ that equip the motor vehicle, to use revolution regime that leads to values determining , inÂ the same time with the obtaining of the full power of the engine and using more of it.Â It was taken in study two situations of using (in our case) thermal engines that equipÂ agricultural machines. Stationing work, when the engine power is used to action the workÂ equipment, hydraulic installation, wheels of a the most frequent thing power price;Â Work during moving, when is made traction work and traction work combined withÂ the action of the equipment of work. The experiments were made on tractor in theÂ experimental field of S.D.E.B.M. on plan soil.For measuring the motor moment at the powerÂ plug it was used a voltage meter with moment motor. For revolution measuring were used aÂ intensity translator. For determining, traction force were used a double .Â The same results were made in field are populated in table no.1. Depending on theÂ efficiency of traction r\= 0.7...0.75 and of the transmission mechanical efficiency of the finalÂ shaft of the power plug r|p = 0.91 ^ 0.95, the real power sent for auto moving is approximateÂ 25% from the engine power respective approximate 18kw, staying free for the work percentÂ approximate 60kw , that means a big capacity of work. (table 1). It is recommend too theÂ workers that use thermal engines that equip the motor vehicle, to use revolution regime thatÂ leads to values determining , in the same time with the obtaining of the full power of theÂ engine and using more of it.
RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHORT TERM CROP ROTATION APPLIED TO MAIZE AS A REMAINING EFFECT UPON THE PRODUCTION AT MAIZE CULTIVATED IN THE AREA PORTARESTI-SEGARCEA, JUD. DOLJ
Authors: Stefan M. , Pandia Olimpia , Saracin I. , Stefan Iulia Oana
Published: December 2021

The experience has been executed on a cernosium soil typical from the south area ofÂ Oltenia, with 3,12% humus, 0,45% nitrogen, 7mg/100g dry soil K20 and a PH=6,2.TheÂ average temperature on the experimenting years was of 11,5Â°C, the average of rainfall- of 612Â mm and the humidity- of 80%. In the present paper it was pursued the influence of theÂ agrofund applied to maize, as a remaining effect upon the wheat production, the experienceÂ being placed after the method of the subdivided plots with the graduations:bi=monoculture ofÂ wheat,b2=wheat-maize,b3= soy-wheat-maize,b4=soy-wheat-maize-sunflower.
The Ethical Merits of the Use of By-products in Agriculture
Authors: AERTS Stefan , BOONEN Ruben , DE TAVERNIER Johan , LIPS Dirk
Published: December 2021

A dramatic gain in efficiency is an absolute necessity if we are to overcome the agricultural challenges of the third millennium. One of the ways that could lead to such a gain in efficiency is a renewed and augmented use of by-products.

In an agricultural context the food industry is a major source of potentially valuable by-products. For other Western European countries VALORBIN (2003a) mentions 5 million tons in Denmark, 11 million in The Netherlands, and 14 million tons in Germany. 70 to 80 % of food industry by-products are reused in feed manufacturing.

In all applications, two important ethical aspects seem to overarch all others, being (the care for) public health, and the need for recycling. Both aspects will be important with all by-products and all applications, but their relative importance will differ. This does not mean that zero-risk or maximum recycling need to be the goal. In both aspects environmental considerations are included. It is important to keep an eye out for direct and indirect impacts on other products.

A hierarchy seems to exists, in which reuse as food has priority over use as feed or biomass (energy or green chemistry), and with a sustained faith as waste as the least preferable option.

The by-products that one wants to use in feed production, will have to be selected based on type (e.g. category 3 animal by-products should be safe), traceability (single sourced products are preferred) and goal (e.g. is the target animal omnivorous).
Implementation of ISO Standards in Food Industry. Statistical Analysis of Foodborne Illness in Cluj
Authors: APOSTU Sorin , LAZĂR Daniela , ROTAR Ancuta
Published: December 2021

A management system or integrated management system implemented in a food processing unit is a useful tool that provides important information upon technological and managerial processes. This paper drowns information related to ISO 9001, ISO 22000 and ISO 17025 applicability in a food processing unit. Law 150/2004 is the first legal regulation that obliges the food processor to develop a preventive system in order to assure safety of food. A statistical analyze has been made in Cluj to mark the influence of the legislation and international standards upon the quality and safety of the food products. The period taken in consideration is from 2005 – 2008 and follows two directions: strategic program of the territorial authority for food safety and self-control program of the food processor. The study scores the most relevant etiological agents that could cause foodborne illnesses, and their appearance in food products. A relationship has been associated between legal regulations, the years taken in consideration and the preponderant health risk (microbiological, chemical and physical risks).
Researches Regarding the Crop Rotation and Irrigation Influences on Protein Content of the Wheat Grains in the Crişurilor Plain Conditions
Authors: ARDELEAN Ileana
Published: December 2021

The paper based on the researches carried out during 2006-2008 in the long term trial placed in 1990 on the preluvosoil from Oradea. Three kind of crop rotation (wheat – monocrop; wheat – maize; wheat – maize – soybean) were studied in unirrigated and irrigated conditions. The smallest content of the protein from wheat grains were registered in the wheat monocrop both nonirrigated and irrigated variant. In the wheat-maize and wheat-maize-soybean crop rotation the values registered were significant statistically bigger than in wheat monocrop. Irrigation determined the decrease of the protein content.
Research Regarding the Organoleptic and Physical-Chemical Tests for Carp, Saurel and Mackerel
Authors: BARA Camelia
Published: December 2021

The research was made on 30 samples of carp and refrigerated mackerel for 3 days at 0 – 4 °C and on 30 samples of frozen saurel, sardine and mackerel which was stored at -18 °C for 2, 4 and 6 months. It was noticed that the alteration organoleptic changes in the case of the refrigerated fish appear at values of the pH of over 3.2 g% total nitrogen, over 350 mg% amine nitrogen, over 40% ammoniac nitrogen, over 3 mg% of nitrogen from trimethylamine. Due to the organoleptic, physical-chemical and microbiological changes in the fish meat stored in refrigerated or frozen state, the period in frozen state will be maximum three months in the case of carp, sardine and mackerel and five-six months for saurel.
Study on Transylvanian Beer Consumer’s Global Attitude Towords the Beer Brands Existing on Romanian Market
Authors: BELBE Giorgiana Mihaela , TOPAN Călin , GHERMAN Vasile
Published: December 2021

The marketing orientation of production in all branches requires the producers to have knowledge of customer behaviour. The food industry is no exception in this regard, as the food industry producer must know what the customers expects from their products. Consequently this study asseses the Transylvanian consumer’s global attitude towords the beer brands existing on the Romanian market. For this research, Fishbein's model provides a good working methodology. In order to develop the Fishbein's model there were implemented two sets of questionnaires to male adults of ages between 18 and 60, with urban residence from 5 Transylvanian towns.

After implementing the first questionnaire there were chosen the brands most often mentioned considering that they are the most popular: Ursus, Bergenbier, Tuborg and Heineken, and four prominent characteristics of beer: taste, color, freshness and price. The Fishbein's model was applied after implementing the second questionnaire.

The result was that the most favorable attitude was towords Ursus beer, and the least favorable attitude towords Tuborg. In order to redress the Tuborg brand there were proposed several strategies.
Weather Monitoring: Wind Analysis (May, 2009; GPS: Lat. N46°45'35"; Long. E23°34'19")
Authors: BĂLAN Mugur C. , BOLBOACĂ Sorana D. , JÄNTSCHI Lorentz , SESTRAŞ Radu E.
Published: December 2021

A weather station equiped to make observations of atmospheric conditions in order to provide information to make weather forecasts and to study the weather and climate were recently installed.
Preliminary Research on Triticale Recovery in Bakery
Authors: BIROU (POP) Anamaria , MUSTE Sevastiţa , MAN Simona , MURESAN Crina , KADAR Rodica
Published: December 2021

Research goal is to highlight the quality of autumn triticale variety Titan and a variety of wheat Turda 2000 found in an polifactorial experience to S.C.D.A. Turda, in order to recovery in bakery. The quality value parameters of this wheat variety and triticale variety in S.C.D.A. Turda climate, obtained in 2008 are between normal limits established by standards, is strongly influenced by biological, ecological and technological factors. The following grain quality parameters were estimated: moisture (%) , test weight (Kg/hl) protein content (%), wet gluten(%) , deformation number(mm) ,falling number (sec), foreign bodies(%); index of expansion (IE cm) ; ash content ; Zelleny (ml).
Preliminary Results Concerning Marker Assisted Selection for Potato Resistance to Phytophthora Infestans
Authors: BOTEZ Constantin , PAMFIL Doru , TAOUTAOU Abdelmoumen , BALAZS Erika , RAICA Paul
Published: December 2021

Phytophtora infestans, the causal organism of late blight, is the most important fungal pathogen of potato. Utilization of resistant variety is the most important strategy of potato late blight control. For creating new resistant varieties Marker Assisted Selection significantly increase the efficiency of this process. RAPD markers offer the advantage that it requires no preliminary information concerning the DNA sequence of the resistance genes or about expression product of these genes. But in this case molecular markers, defined by a certain polymorphism, have to be attributed to resistance genes by a genetic analysis. The simplest method, rely on co segregation or constantly presence of a polymorphic band in the resistant forms that is absent in the susceptible forms. To achieve that two groups of potato accessions originated from USA and Brasov, Romania, were used, represented of resistant differential lines with known R genes. From the seven primers used some gave amplification product only in resistant differential lines but no in sensitive one, amplification product that could be considered as candidate for molecular markers of resistant genes usable for Marker Assisted Selection of potato resistant to P. infestans.
Lactic Acid Fermentation of Carrot and Red Beet Juices by Probiotic Bacteria
Authors: BURULEANU Lavinia Claudia , NICOLESCU Carmen Leane , GORGHIU Gabriel , BRATU Magda Gabriela , AVRAM Daniela , MANEA Iuliana
Published: December 2021

Carrots and red beet were evaluated as a potential substrate for the production of lactic acid fermented juices by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium sp. Both strains were found capable to grow on the vegetable juices, but some differences between the dynamics of the processes, dependent not only by the culture but by the sort of the raw material, had as consequence the production of the final products with different stability degrees. The pH value of the carrot juices was decreased from an initial value by 6.45 to below 4.3 after 48 hours of lactic acid fermentation with Bifidobacterium sp., respectively to 3.84 after 24hours when Lactobacillus acidophilus was inoculated. The last strain has produced a significant increase of the titrable acidity, the fermented carrot juices containing 0.7% acids (expressed as lactic acid). In the case of the fermentation of the red beet juices it is also recommended the strain of Lactobacillus acidophilus, because the pH value decrease with 2 units in 24 hours.

The best acidification kinetic parameters were determined in the case of the carrot juices fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus. In the same process the value of the R squared coefficient showed a strong correlation between the biomass amount and the production of lactic acid.
Determination of the Lipid Compounds of Aristolochia Longa L. from Algeria
Authors: CHERIF Hamida Saida , SAIDI Fairouz , LAZOURI Hadjila , AID Khadidja , ROUIBI Abdelhak , BELE Constantin , MATEA Cristian
Published: December 2021

The present work joins in an initiative, for main objective the determination and the biochemical characterization of a medicinal plant with wide use in certain regions of Algeria. Samples of Aristoloche were collected from the region of Médéa (West of Algiers).

By stream training we obtained essential oil and by hydro distillation concrete of the stalks, rhizomes and leaves. With theTLC we detect and confirm the presence of esters of Methyl in our samples. Besides, Gaz chromatography (CG), allowed us to determine the main group of fatty acids characterizing our essential oil and diluted concrete. An important proportion was showed by the palmitic acid with 22, 97 %, linoleic acid demonstrate a rate of 11, 50 %, oleic acid illustrate 7,24 %.
Screening for Resistance to Artificial Infection by Common Bunt (Tilletia caries and Tilletia Foetida) in F2 Populations of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)
Authors: COŢA Laura Cristina , BOTEZ Constantin , GRIGORAŞ Mircea A. , CURTICIU Dana
Published: December 2021

The species of Tilletia which cause common bunt of wheat (Tilletia caries and Tilletia foetida) can cause major yield losses in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.). The aim of this study was to test resistance to Tilletia spp. of eight F2 populations of wheat consisting of progenies derived from resistant x susceptible crosses. Tests were carried out in the field by artificial inoculation of wheat seeds with a mixture of spores of T. caries and T. foetida. Analysis of variance for the percentage of infected plants showed that there were statistically significant differences between tested F2 progenies (between the progenies derived from crosses) regarding percentage of infection with Tilletia spp. (varying between 18.4 and 63%). The progenies of four crosses were tested comparatively using two different doses of inoculum, in order to find out the infection degree. Significant differences were observed between the bunt incidence after inoculation with the two doses. Characterization of the resistance in F2 progenies allowed us to perform a genetic analysis on the inheritance of resistance to Tilletia spp. in F2 population. The chi-square (χ2) analysis showed that inheritance of resistance to Tilletia spp. in progenies of F2 segregating populations fit a 3:1 (resistant:susceptible) ratio for the segregation of a single major resistance gene. The exception is represented by the segregation of resistance in F2 progenies of five crosses that do not fit the expected ratio of 3:1, which is possible because of the small number of plants that could be evaluated in tested population.
The Associations of Organisms Present in the Drift (Gorges of the Hot Somes 2005)
Authors: COVACI Anca Dafina , OLTEAN Ion , FLORIAN Teodora , VARGA Mircea
Published: December 2021

Highlighted the phenomenon of drift in demersal communities of invertebrates, a mass in the samples analyzed we found the presence of 15 groups of organisms (in the diptych other families are present following: Ceratopogonidae, Blepharoceridae, Limoniidae, Simulidae, Psychodidae, Tipulidae, Stratiomyidae, Dixidae).
Research Regarding the Alteration Possibilities of Fish in the Danube Scomber Species
Authors: BARA Lucian
Published: December 2021

The researches were undergone on the Danube scomber, species that cumulates the natural microbian contamination from the fresh water of the Danube and from the salty water of the Black Sea. For the eviscerated fish, the aerobic putrefaction takes place prioritarily, placed both on the skin surface and on that which was eviscerated. For the whole fish, the putrefaction is conditioned by the aggression of the intestinal bacterial flora. The value of the peroxide index and the intensity of the Kreiss reaction increase proportionally with the evolution of the rancidity. Between fat hydrolization and oxidation, there is no mutual conditioning, thus, the estimation of the two freshness indices must be made independently one from each other.
DrenVSubIR
Authors: BODOG Marinela , TEUŞDEA Alin
Published: December 2021

Drenvsubir application is develop in Borland Delphi Pascal v7.0 programming system and is created for calculating sizes specific to drainage system such as: determination of the distance between drains with the verification of functioning at subirrigation. DrenVSubIR calculation program consist of three modules, the first of calculation of the distance between drains wires in permanent regime, the second for verifying conventional drainage reversibility in controlled drainage and subirrigation and the third for technical and economic calculation of a hectare of drainage field. The module for sizing distance between drains in permanent regime used Ernst relation, completed by David I. (1982), which submits adding in the composition of loss of hydraulic load due to the resistance at the water entering drain-filter complex, value calculated with the help of some coefficients experimentally determined. Verification reversibility module of the drainage projected in the subirrigation of the DrenVSubIR program uses David Equation, after calculating the distance between L drain and the values determined at the projection of distance between drains. The technical-economic calculation module uses all of the initially introduced dates giving the cost for a hectare of field.
How Sustainable is Food Consumption in Romania
Authors: BRINZAN Oana , TIGAN Eugenia
Published: December 2021

Sustainable food consume is not just about how much food we consume is about what sort of food consume too. Food consume is depending by our lifestyle, our income, information, market offer. Our food consume drag an entire chain reaction determined by technological production, processing technology, energy spent of preserving and transportation, packaging, preparation procedures and waste quantity. Our choices will generate an economic reaction and will generate social costs that we are not aware of. Our decision is about consuming less or better about what to consume. The statistical numbers show that Romanians are consuming more in numbers of calories and are consuming more food from export, generating a huge environmental impact.
Researches Regarding the Use of Silver and Screen Printed Electrodes to the Improvement of the Drinking Water Quality from Rural Areas
Authors: CRISTEA Alexandru
Published: December 2021

Based on the antibacterial properties of the silver, some pieces of water drinking installation could be covered by thin layer of silver to enhance the drinking water quality. In the water tanks could be introduces activated pieces coverer by layers of silver such as: screens, grids, adjustable cylindrical rings, taps etc. The obtained waters were characterized by detecting by electrochemical way the heavy metals content and the total content of the microbial charge.
Evaluation of Storage Level for Some Heavy Metals and Others Elements into Lichens Species Growing On Larix Decidua in Bucegi Area
Authors: BUSUIOC Gabriela , STIHI Claudia , DAVID Ivona , ELEKES Carmen , ILIESCU Nicoleta
Published: December 2021

It is well known the affinity of lichens for heavy metals absorption, and used as biomonitors in environmental protection [4]. Also they are studied for their hyper accumulation level in the view to be used as natural’s sources for rare and noble metals. This work is about two lichens species which are growing on Larix decidua’s bark. It was collected and analyzed Usnea barbata and Peltigera canina. Both lichens species were growing in closer association each other on bark.

The samples were analyzed by EDXRF (fluorescence –spectrometer) method with ELVA-X.

In this way were registered all the elements which were in a concentration higher then 1ppm. It were determinate the concentrations of iron, copper, zinc, chromium, manganese, lead, cobalt. In some analysed cases were registered nickel, strontium and gold. Most important there were the absorption features of lichens which was different from a place to other in studied aria. In the east of this zone both lichens species had the same characteristics of storage heavy metals.
The Evaluation and Quantification of the Impact Generated upon the Environment by a Thermo Electrical Plant
Authors: BUZATU Gilda-Diana , PETRIŞOR Ion
Published: December 2021

The paper presents general aspects regarding the impact that the activities of producing electrical and thermic energy at S.E. Craiova II, have upon the environment. It was taken into consideration only the pollution caused by the evacuation of the emissions of solid and gaseous pollutants contained in the burning gasses. The burning gasses resulted from the technological process are evacuated in the atmosphere through different installations such as gas canals, burning gasses ventilators and dispersion stacks. The main purpose of the dispersions stacks is to ensure the dispersion and to maintain the pollutants level in the limits of the admitted values. For establishing the model of transport and dispersion of pollutants in atmosphere, there were taken into account the meteorological, topographical factors and also those factors that are related with the pollution source.

The results, presented as pollutions maps, were obtained through processing, interpretation and by comparing the experimental data from year 2007 with the European and national environment standards and normative. The mathematical modelling of pollutants dispersion revealed a small level of imissions, and that is mainly because of the height of the burning gasses emissions stacks.
Composition in Isoflavones of a Soybean Enzymatic Extract
Authors: CHEDEA Veronica Sanda , ECHIM Camelia , VICAŞ Simona Ioana
Published: December 2021

Soybeans are a main source of plant lipoxygenases and also important sources of isoflavone, including free genistein, daidzein, glycitein and their acetyl, malonyl and glucosilated forms. The enzymatic extract from soybeans (LE) rich in lipoxygenase was checked for the presence of polyphenols through LC-UV-DAD and LC-ESI –MS analysis. LE contains malonyl daidzin and genistein but the amounts in which these are present are very low.
Experimental Analysis Considered the Dynamics of Mobiles Agricultural Aggregates
Authors: DAVID Mihaela Florentina , VOICU Gheorghe , DAVID Ladislau , RUSĂNESCU Carmen Otilia
Published: December 2021

When working with agricultural mobile aggregate, the traction force of equipment and the speed of the real movement vary due to actual terrain irregularities, appearing also vibration of the gears axes and of the tractor chassis.

Starting from these considerations, the paper presents results of experimental tests to move on agricultural land of a aggregate consists of a U-650M tractor and of a trees vineyard attachment RPV-2, on the push force of the attachment on the gear-shift bar to the tractor, traction force, vibration acceleration in three points on the tractor and tractor skidding for three different speeds of travel.

It shall, also the testing equipment and how to catch the gage for acquisition the necessary data records.

Using known relations in the study of the dynamics of the mobile aggregates, was achieved a modelling program of the traction parameters, in MathCad program, with which help were determined and set graphic the variations of the push force on the gear-shift bar, the traction force and the vibration acceleration to the steering wheel of the tractor. Based on experimental results obtained, the calculation program was checked and improved.

The results presented in the paper are of interest to specialists in the study of the dynamic agricultural mobile aggregate, and the modelling program developed can be used to determine the parameters for the traction and for other types of aggregates to the movement on land with other features than used and tested.
Preliminary actions in elaborating a Management Risk Plan to Reduce Dioxins Exposure through the Processing of UHT Milk
Authors: CHELEMAN Rowena-Ana , TOFANA Maria , TRUTA Delia
Published: December 2021

Dioxins/furans and dioxin-like PCBs are unintended by-products of natural events as well as manmade processes like paper and pulp bleaching, incinerations, exhaust emissions. TCDD or 2,3,7,8,-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin is the most toxic and most studied compound from the first class of dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-para dioxins) that can have serious adverse effects on the human body. Milk occupies an important place particularly in the diet of infants and children and plays a pivotal role in their growth and development, therefore the presence of dioxins/ furans and dioxin-like compounds is considered toxic and hazardous.

The aim of this paper was to establish a management risk plan for the production of UHT milk that will reduce human exposure to dioxins through this product.
Studies Concerning the Knowledge of the Quality of Grapes in Order to Obtain Superior White Wines
Authors: CHIRCU Carmen , VARO Noemi , MUSTE Sevastiţa
Published: December 2021

The most important link in wine industry is the knowledge of the raw material quality parameters, as with their help can be scientifically established, for each variety, the right direction of use obtaining products with the highest quality and maximum economic efficiency.

In this work were established: the pedo-climatic conditions, the uvologic indices, determining the optimal timing of harvest using the graphic representation of sugars, acidity and weight of 100 grains, during the period 2006-2008.

The study took place in Jidvei vineyard, and two grapes varieties were taken in study, Italian Riesling and Feteasca Regala.

The results prove that the two grapes varieties can be included in the superior grapes quality, used to obtain superior white wines, following the legislation terms.
Contributions to the Knowledge of Morphology of the Granary Weevil (Sitophilus Granarius L.), Major Pest of the Stored Cereals
Authors: DINUŢĂ Adrian , BUNESCU Horia , BODIŞ Ilonka
Published: December 2021

To solve the multiple practical aspects raised by the achieving of cereals stocks protection (especially wheat and corn) against granary weevil Sitophilus granarius L., the research aimed a complex study on the sexual dimorphism at this species, aspect which help to prevent the weevils damages using unpollutant methods (with the aid of sexual pheromones, ovogenesis inhibitors, etc.). Due to the summarily data in the scientific literature of the world refering to the sexual dimorphism of the species, a detailed study was made within the Entomology Laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture of USAMV Cluj-Napoca and at the Center of Electronical Microscopy of Babeş-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca (Romania), during 2005-2009
The Investigation of Organochlorine Pesticide Contamination of some Sour Cream Samples from the Bihor County
Authors: CHIŞ Adriana , HORGA Cristina , PURCĂREA Cornelia
Published: December 2021

The present paper presents the comparative results of the organochlorine pesticide contamination of three types of sour cream having a fat content of 10%, 15% and 25%, gathered in two different periods of time, on the territory of the Bihor County. The purified fat extract has been submitted to qualitative and quantitative determinations through the gas chromatography method, using a complex standard with 20 compounds. The results aimed at the determination of the OCP incidence under sanitary veterinary surveillance [11] and the concentration for the compounds identified positively. The values of the maximum admitted concentrations have been exceeded, consistently, for Endrin and Endosulfan. However there is no real direct mathematic correlation with the fat percentage of the tested samples.
The Most Important Methods for Depollution of Hydrocarbons Polluted Soils
Authors: DOBOS Laura , PUIA Carmen
Published: December 2021

Crude oil is a highly complex mixture of hydrocarbons amounting to hundreds of individual compounds with different chemical structure and molecular weight plus a series of lower molecular weight compounds other than hydrocarbons (phenols, thiols, naphthenic acids, heterocyclic compounds with N (pyridines, pyrrole, indole, s.o.) compounds S (alkyl thiols, thiophene, etc.) (Zarnea, 1994).

Mineral oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) creates larger environmental problems. They are considered particularly dangerous.

In this regard, EPA Agency from U.S.A. includes a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under 16 priority pollutants, which require special attention. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) has identified 15 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including six of the 16 types of PAHs, identifiable by the USEPA as having carcinogenic properties (Chauhan Archana et al., 2008).
Packaging and Conditioning Influence Concerning the Extension of Validity Term
Authors: CIOBAN Camelia , RABA Diana
Published: December 2021

In the paper studied the possibility of extending the validity term of bakery products(croissant) by slowing the aging process them.

For this purpose investigate sorts were packed in impermeable materials to water and water vapor while were stored at temperatures ranging between 15-20°C and relative air humidity below 70 %. By preserving the croissants under proper conditions in special packing: PE, PP, PP sterilized, paraffin paper, ethylic alcohol treated paper and complex material, the validity term has been extended to 7 days at most, when the first depreciation signs of sensorial (taste, colour, smell),and physical (consistency-the core becomes brittle, humidity-the water quantity lowers significantly) properties become evident. The smooth and rigid crust becomes wrinkled, elastic and soft, the odour and the taste gradually disappear and the taste becomes flat or stuffy and sometimes even sour.

The introduction of ethylic alcohol as well as the packing in proper materials determines the extension of croissant validity term to 30 days when the first signs of mould appear.
Distribution Fitting 4. Benford Test on a Sample of Observed Genotypes Number from Running of a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: JÄNTSCHI Lorentz , BOLBOACĂ Sorana D. , STOENOIU Carmen E. , IANCU Mihaela , MARTA Monica M. , PICĂ Elena M. , ŞTEFU Monica , SESTRAŞ Adriana F. , DUDA Marcel M. , SESTRAŞ Radu E. , ŢIGAN Ştefan , ABRUDAN Ioan , BĂLAN Mugur C.
Published: December 2021

A new designed genetic algorithm was run on experimental data obtained from measurements of octanol-water partition coefficients of a series of polychlorinated biphenils, in order to relate their structure with their activity. A family of molecular descriptors having all necessary ingredients to run a genetic algorithm on it characterized the structure. An experiment using different selection and survival strategies were conducted, when multiple runs were recorded and their results were analyzed. Total number and number of distinct of genotypes present in the generations leading to evolution were included in an analysis concerning the validity of data with Benford test, the methodology and the obtained results being given.
Thermoplastic Extrusion- a Method to Produce Starch-Based Loose Fill Packaging
Authors: CIOICA Nicolae , COŢA Constantin , NAGY Mihaela , CIUTRILĂ Gheorghe
Published: December 2021

Bioplastic materials, where starch-based loose fill packaging can also be included, play an important role in the evolution of modern science and civilisation. As they have unbeatable benefits as compared to classical synthetic plastic materials, they are more and more used. This paper presents some aspects of producing loose fill packaging based on starch by means of thermoplastic extrusion, putting an emphasis on the working diagram describing the extrusion mechanism with direct expansion of a partially crystalline polymer and the mechanism of extrudate expansion in its five steps: order-disorder changes, nucleation, extrudate swelling, development of voids and void breaking.
Somatic Modifications Occurred at Soybean, as an Effect of the Chemical Mutagen Agents
Authors: MARELE Daniela , SAVATTI Mircea
Published: December 2021

The usage of chemical mutagen factors in culture media allows the emphasis on phenotypical modifications at soybean cultivated in vitro, but the effect, in the majority of cases, is not homogenous, caused by the nature of the explant, the concentration of the mutagen substances, the treatment time, and the genotype
Contributions to the Knowledge of Synanthropic Flora from The Pitesti Area
Authors: ANDREI Marin , ROŞESCU Marinela Roxana
Published: December 2021

The research of the synanthropic plant species characteristics from the urban environment offers information about their relation with the anthropic environment, on one hand, and on the other hand, they can be used as indicators of the pollution level. The research was performed in the city of Pitesti from June 2008 to may 2009, to compile an inventory of the flora, to establish the biological and ecological spectrum, the phytogeographic elements and their economic importance. The fresh above ground phytomass of the synanthropic species from 22 sample locations, was determined. The dry matter, the total nitrogen and phosphorus content, for six species of the dominant synanthropic plants, were also determined. It was identified 214 species of 38 families. The biological and ecological spectra show the high percentages of hemicryptophytes (35%), eutrophic species (54%), xeromesophilous-mesophilous species (29%) as well as eurytherm (20%) and euryacide species. The phytogeographic spectrum shows a high number of species from Eurasia (96 species). From the total number of identified species, 54% are polyploid and 27% present economic importance. It was found that the phytomass from stationaries varies between 281.7 g m-2 and 21.5 g m-2, for a number of 35 species. The highest dry matter content (64.01%) was recorded in Conyza canadensis, the highest value of N (8,200 ppm) in Lactuca serriola and the highest total P content (301.5 ppm) in Erigeron annuus. The results enable us to estimate the value of the synanthropic plants as ecologic indicators in the Pitesti area.
GC-MS Characterization of the Compounds in Some Essential Oils
Authors: MESAROS C. , CULEA M. , IORDACHE A. , COZAR O.
Published: December 2021

The composition of different essential oils (menthe, basil, lavender, rose) was investigated by gas chromatographic–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method to identify those compounds responsible for the characteristic, pleasant floral or aroma odour or taste of some valuable oils. Three different rose oils presented monoterpenes as fragrance target compounds and some aliphatic hydrocarbons with fixative effects responsible for a longer-lasting odour impression. Chromatography was performed on a 5% phenyl methylpolysiloxane column (15 or 30 m x 0.25 mm I.D., 0.25 µm) operated in suitable temperature programs.
Phytosterols as Markers in Identification of the Adulterated Pumpkin Seed Oil with Sunflower Oil
Authors: DULF Francisc Vasile , BELE Constantin , UNGUREŞAN Mihaela , PARLOG Raluca , SOCACIU Carmen
Published: December 2021

In food production, the quality assessment of raw materials and final products is a fundamental parameter for maintaining high quality standards. Pumpkin seed oil is rather expensive compared to other vegetable oils. Therefore, it is often adulterated by the addition of cheaper oils. In contrast to other edible oils, the content of 5-sterols is very low, while 7-sterols are dominating. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and convenient chromatographic method for authenticity control of pumpkin seed oil using the total sterol profile determined by gas-chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detector (FID). Two pure vegetable oils, pumpkin seed and sunflower oil, processed by minimal technologies (cold pressing) in Romania and an adulterated pumpkin seed oil with 30% of sunflower oil were used as sample matrices in the method development. The determination of 5-sterols, especially -sitosterol has proven to be a good possibility to detect admixture of cheap vegetable oils.
Research Concerning the Changes in Hydro Soluble Vitamins in the Wheat Grain After a Month Attack by Rhizoperta Dominica
Authors: MICU Lavinia Mădălina , PETANEC Doru , GIUCHICI Camelia
Published: December 2021

Wheat grains are, in general, good sources of thiamine (vitamin B1), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), niacin, inozitol, biotin and vitamin E. They also contain important amounts of pantotenic acid (vitamin B5). Vitamin A is absent in wheat grains.The goal of our research was to monitor quantitative changes in hydro soluble vitamins in wheat grains damaged by Rhizoperta dominica.They have published relatively few data about the effects of insect infestation on the vitamins in wheat grains.Insects are one of the main causes of the losses produced in stored cereals and seeds. (Munro,1966). Rhizoperta dominica F. infests cereals and develops inside the grains thus producing the ‘hidden infestation’ of the cereals.

Bio-chemical analyses through modern methods, we used a chromatographic equipment for liquids, model Shimadzu 10 AD-VP.Quantitative changes the lipids and fat acids were monitored on a number of 5 sample variants infested with 25, 50, 75, and 100 insects of Rhizoperta dominica, respectively.According to the results we obtained, we can note that after a month of attack by Rhizoperta dominica F., the quantity of hydrosoluble vitamins destroyed by these differs to some extent, in relation to the number of insects that infested and attacked the wheat sample.After a month from the initial attack we could see that the insects from species Rhizoperta dominica F. degrade in a higher proportion vitamins B2 and B6. 25 insects destroy about 1.39% B1, 3.98% vitamin B2 and 7.84% vitamin B6, and the 100 insects 44.95% more vitamin B2 and 14,15% more vitamin B6 than 25 insects