bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPEN BANKING AND COMPETITION: AN INTRICATE RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Palmieri Alessandro , Nazeraj Blerina
Published: September 2021

Open banking – promoted in the European Union by the access to account rule contained in the Directive (EU) 2015/2366 on payment services in the internal market (PSD2) – is supposed to enhance consumer’s welfare and to foster competition. However, many observers are fearful about the negative effects of the entry into the market of the so-called BigTech giants. Unless incumbent banks are able to rise above the technological challenges, the risk is that, in the long run, BigTech firms could dominate the market, by virtue of their great ability to collect data on consumer preferences, and to process them with sophisticated tools, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques; not to mention the possible benefits arising from the cross-subsidisation. This paper aims at analysing the controversial relationship between open banking and competition. In this framework, many aspects must be clarified, such as the definition of the relevant markets; the identification of the dominant entities; the relationship with the essential facility doctrine. The specific competition problems encountered in the financial sector need to be inscribed in the context of the more general debate around access to data in the digital sphere. The evolving scenario poses a serious challenge to regulators, calling them to strike the right balance between fostering innovation and preserving financial stability. The appraisal intends not only to cover EU law and policy, but also to make a comparison with other legal systems. In this respect, something noteworthy is taking place in the United States where, as of today, consumers’ access to financial data sharing has been largely dependent on private-sector efforts. Indeed, Section 1033 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (passed in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008) provides that, subject to rules prescribed by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (CFPB), a consumer financial services provider must make available to a consumer information, in its control or possession, concerning the consumer financial product or service that the consumer obtained from the provider. This provision, which dates back to 2010, has never been implemented. However, on 22 October 2020, the CFBP has announced its intention to regulate open banking, issuing an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking. In light of their investigation, the authors advocate the adaptation of the current strategies to the modified conditions and, in some instances, the creation of novel mechanisms, more suitable to face unprecedented threats.
ALGORITHM TRANSPARENCY AS A SINE QUA NON PREREQUISITE FOR A SUSTAINABLE COMPETITION IN A DIGITAL MARKET?
Authors: Hulicki Maciej
Published: September 2021

Algorithms play a fundamental role in the digital economy. Their impact on the situation of market participants is significant. Hence, ensuring transparency of algorithms, through access to them, is crucial for the proper functioning of the market. Several models of algorithmic transparency are analyzed in the paper: from lack of transparency to complete regulation of algorithms. In particular, transparency through explanation, and “on-demand transparency” were proposed. The goal of the paper is to determine the optimal form and scope of regulation of this area, in order to ensure sustainable competition in the digital market. Hence, the paper focuses on the concept of algorithmic transparency, the nature of the competition in the digital market, the role of algorithms within the digital trade, and problems related to the regulation of algorithms. This allows to answering the question of whether algorithmic transparency is an indispensable condition for sustainable competition in the digital market, and what are the legal challenges, which may arise with respect to various models of algorithm transparency. The paper is embedded within the EU legal framework, discusses new legislative developments in the EU law, such as the proposal for the Digital Markets Act, and includes analysis of EU antitrust case-law and market practices.
NEW EUROPEAN SOLUTIONS FOR STRENGTHENING COMPETITIVENESS IN DIGITAL MARKETS
Authors: Purić Slavica
Published: September 2021

The assumption that undertakings in digital markets will, as in “traditional” ones, compete among each other to provide always better and diverse products and services, and that users will be allowed to easily find these products and services, compare them and choose those that suit them best, turned out to be incorrect. The same happened with the assumption that existing EU and national competition law will be able to effectively address issues that occur in digital markets and that are (usually) a consequence of the anti-competitive behavior of the biggest digital undertakings. The purpose of the paper is to examine why and how these digital undertakings cope to escape control of the competition authorities, and what are new solutions that are proposed at the EU and national level to strengthen competitiveness in digital markets. Therefore, we will firstly single out few main characteristics of digital markets, then identify challenges that competition law faces in these markets due to the presented characteristics. In the fourth and the main part of the paper, we will present key provisions proposed in the draft Digital Markets Act to complement competition law and ensure contestable and fair digital markets across the EU. We will thereafter present some of the new national competition rules recently adopted in Germany, which are similar to those proposed under the draft Digital Markets Act.
THE NON-APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN POST-CONFLICT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nagy Attila
Published: September 2021

Competition has been claimed to be a very liberal economic tool where market players are meant to be free in arranging their technologies, production and sales on a particular market. In this paper we are developing a new hypothetical of the functioning of market economies which are in a global sense and considering new markets very different and specific. All the global powers, whose centre of influence might change in time, are trying to gain a bigger share regarding raw materials and potential markets. In post-conflicts societies and in particular in our case study of Kosovo and Serbia we can see the more clear market interests of all local, regional and global powers. The research of post-conflict societies is providing us with some answers regarding the possible future developments in certain societies and regions. The EU made Brussels Agreements in Kosovo has managed to establish new enterprises as a solution of a political compromise where energy, telecommunication and natural resources played a key role. The Washington Agreement has liberalized the infrastructure achievements but in some aspects limited the use of energy and telecommunication infrastructure from certain sources. In this sense we can observe the limited capacity of competition rules application in post-conflict societies and in particular Kosovo in this case. These agreements have therefore limited the influence of economic, strategic and energy related influence from main USA competitors which have not been named in the agreements, but are well known. In both agreements it is visible how economic activities and cooperation is encouraged with various non-economic incentives. Competition is accordingly more of a political will than an economic reality for some in post-conflict societies. The introduction of various companies into the Kosovo legal framework and their control by Serbia is an obvious tool how natural resources could be shared for a benefit of citizens where conflict is resolved using free market and competition rules.
INTERACTION BETWEEN CONSUMER LAW AND COMPETITION LAW IN PANDEMIC TIMES
Authors: Plotnic Olesea
Published: September 2021

If in the case of consumer law, as protected persons are the consumers, then in the case of competition law, the protected entities are the competitors. A combination of actions in competition law presupposes that the same commercial offer satisfies several individual interests of consumers. In the strictest sense, such a combination implies the same legal fact, simultaneously opening up more possibilities for the consumer to choose due to loyal offers from a professional, if he is monopolistic or dominant in the market. More broadly, it can also be accepted that offers can be combined from several competing professionals relating to the same product or service and concerning the same individual interest of a consumer. The possible complementary effects of common law, which would justify the non-limitation of a specific piece of legislation, can never lead to a new monopoly. In some cases this will make competition law more effective and, in other cases, provide marginal and non-exclusive protection to consumers who do not have a direct right guaranteed by competition law. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interdependent relationship between competition law and consumer law, from the perspective that both have the same common goal, namely to limit abuses by professionals in their economic activity, especially during pandemic times.
Felt Needs of Cancer Palliative Care Professionals Working in India: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Sharma Mahendra P. , Chaturvedi Santosh K.
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

Cancer palliative care professionals face a plethora of challenges related to death, dying and suffering apart from limited workforce and other resources in India. However, the grief held by them is underappreciated and psychological needs are under explored. The aim of the present study was to explore felt needs of cancer palliative care professionals working in India.

Materials and Methods:

The study was cross-sectional, qualitative and in-depth in nature. It was conducted across four cancer palliative care centers in Bengaluru city of India. sample consisted of 15 professionals (mean age = 42 years and standard deviation = 8.41) with at least six months of experience, involved in direct patient care who gave an additional consent for audio-recording. The tools used were sociodemographic and professional datasheet and semi-structured interview guide, which were developed for the present study and validated from five experts. Thematic analysis was used to generate and analyze patterns within the qualitative data.

Results:

Five themes were identified, namely, death and grief; challenges in practice; strategies for self-care; positive professional experiences; and vision for palliative care.

Conclusion:

The cancer palliative care professionals need regular support in coping with death and grief, regular trainings and supervision across workplace to deal with occupational challenges, and to address their self-care and spiritual needs. The study highlights need to introduce more specialized training courses in handling pediatric patients, increase palliative care workforce, and hospice units. This can have implications in future research and training with development of innovative interventions to address these needs and challenges.
CHOICE OF TARGET MARKET: STRATEGY OF ITS SEGMENTATION
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Pysar Nadiia , Drokina Nina ,   State University of Telecommunications
Published: September 2021

In a market economy, consumer needs are the starting point for the development of sales processes, management of which should be aimed at meeting consumer needs through the use of modern methods and marketing programs of interaction with the market. It is proved that great attention should be paid to the choice of the target market in the construction of marketing communications, because each product "wants" to find its own segment in a competitive environment. It is established that market segmentation is a fundamental measure in establishing an effective system of marketing communications in a competitive market environment because it provides the supply of desired products for customers. The purpose and objectives of the article is to determine the place and role of the market segmentation process in the mechanism of marketing strategy for selecting the target consumer market. Characteristics of the main and possible methods of market segmentation, their advantages, disadvantages, assessment of the attractiveness of the dairy market and ensuring the company's profitability through marketing programs of consumer loyalty of the selected market segment, determine the goals and objectives of this article. The object of research - measures, methods, marketing tools in the system of marketing communications in the dairy market. The subject of research - the processes of segmentation in the selection of the target market. As a result of this study, the fundamental importance of segmentation in the system of marketing communications is proved, the main measures of choosing the target market among sales management processes and its need for integrated application in the system of marketing communications are identified. The concept of segmentation is revealed and its inseparable connection with marketing is proved. It is established that segmentation forms the choice of the target market where the system of organization of a favorable business environment for the sale of products is combined with marketing techniques to encourage consumers to purchase the product.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SKILLS LEVEL OF THE XXI CENTURY, POSSESSED BY YOUTH
Authors:   State Institution “State Institute of Family and Youth Policy”, Tilikina Natalia
Published: September 2021

In the article there has been studied the level of skills, possessed by youth, and needed in the XXI century. Assessment of the skills level of the XXI century, possessed by youth, has been conducted with the help of methodology, developed by the author of the article, based on the cluster analysis of different scientific sources, which highlighted topics of skills of XXI century. Based on the analysis there have been differentiated four major clusters, which include a certain set of skills each (educational skills (critical thinking, creativity, self- education), literacy skills (media literacy, digital literacy), social skills (teamwork, communication, emotional intelligence), personal skills (flexibility, productivity, proactiveness)), as well as there has been developed a tool set for conducting surveys among youth and employers on presence and level of skills of the XXI century during work, studying and conducting everyday activities. The survey conducted has enabled us to find out that the most needed in the XXI century skills, as per the opinion of youth, are self-development, creativity and teamwork. Same skills, as per youth, are the best developed in them and the most needed in the XXI century. For assessment of skills level, in the methodology there have been identified certain sets of actions, which correspond to each group of skills, and based on which the level of each skill in a certain group has been calculated firstly as per a three-grade scale, and then as per a four-grade scale – an integral rating of each of four skill groups. These calculations have proven that the social skills are the best developed in youth and personal skills are less developed. Among social skills teamwork and communication are the most developed, and among personal skills – productivity and flexibility. At the same time, there is a need to develop emotional intelligence and productivity as well as digital and media literacy.
BRANDING – A KEY ADVANTAGE FOR DISTINGUISHING THE IDENTITY OF BULGARIAN WINE AMONG THE COMPETITIVE WORLD WINE MARKET
Authors:   University of Food Technologies (Plovdiv, Bulgaria), Kulova Ivelina
Published: September 2021

The relevance of this article is associated with the growing importance of branding, which creates opportunities for promotion of identity, which in turn will provide differentiation and effective positioning of Bulgarian wine in the minds of target customers. The absence of a noticeably distinct competitive identity hinders the development of a distinguishable and recognizable image of the products in consumer consciousness. The aim of the paper is to reveal the opportunities and prospects offered by the national branding in order to distinguish the identity of Bulgarian wine among the competitive world wine market and to achieve higher market results. World and Bulgarian trends in the supply and consumption of wine are reviewed and conclusions are made about the need to implement a marketing strategy for wine with the participation of the state to obtain higher market results. The necessity of unification in the branch for gaining competitive advantages on the world wine market is analyzed. The results show that branding is a key aspect in the wine industry, which leads to high recognition and value of brands, which will allow Bulgarian wines to be more sought after and sold at a higher price than other identical products on the wine market.
IMPACT OF MARKETING CONCEPT ON LOGISTICS ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Zarichna Olena
Published: September 2021

The article considers the essence of the marketing concept and its relationship with the logistics activities of the enterprise. In particular, it is determined that the main tools of the marketing concept, namely the complex "4P" directly affects such main activities of the logistics company as supply, production (support) and promotion. In addition, it is determined that the marketing concept, including marketing and logistics and logistics processes in the enterprise are related to the physical distribution, which is planned, implemented and controlled in accordance with clearly defined strategic objectives of the logistics enterprise and taking into account market preferences and demands. The role of the tools of the marketing concept in the activity of the logistics enterprise and their interrelation with the main directions of the logistics activity is schematically shown. As a result of the study it is proposed to choose a marketing concept from the standpoint of the enterprise, its overall strategy, capabilities, as well as implementing the most effective integrative logistics concepts, which take into account not only individual processes of logistics operations, but also quality control, service efficiency maintenance, optimization of the use of material, financial and information resources and more productive inventory management systems.
FORMATION OF UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Lesia Ukrainka Volyn National University, Pavlov Kostiantyn , Pavlova Olenа ,   Lesia Ukrainka Volyn National University, Kudenchuk Anastasiia ,   Lesia Ukrainka Volyn National University
Published: September 2021

The article examines the stages of decentralization reform in Ukraine, which began in 2014 after the Revolution of Dignity. The developed normative documents are analyzed, namely the Concept of reform of local self- government and territorial organization of power in Ukraine (April 1, 2014), laws of Ukraine "On cooperation of territorial communities" (June 17, 2014), "On voluntary association of territorial communities") and the Budget and Tax Codes. The article analyzes the data of the State Treasury Service of Ukraine on the account of the number of created communities and the number of able OTGs. Methods for determining affluent communities have been studied. Describes ways to bring together disadvantaged communities to solve current and future problems. Decentralization reform has become a catalyst for the development of all territorial units of Ukraine, as local authorities have been given more powers to solve all current problems, financial independence creates conditions for solving the problems of functioning and socio-economic development of the region. A number of problems have arisen in the way of reform implementation, one of which is the failure of the community. That is why it is important to study the concept of incompetent community, because as a result a large number of communities will not be able to ensure the implementation of such powers as public transport, maintenance of nursing homes (the number of which will continue to grow), drinking water in short supply, maintenance of hospitals, the need for which will increase due to the aging population.
Akzeptanzanalyse zum Einsatz von Hybriden Prototypen und Extended Reality in der Produktentstehung
Authors:   Technische Universität Berlin, Fachgebiet Industrielle Informationstechnik, Zimmermann Liesa , Konkol Kathrin ,   Fraunhofer IPK Berlin, Brandenburg Elisabeth ,   Fraunhofer IPK Berlin, Stark Rainer
Published: September 2021

Anhand einer Befragung zu virtuellen und hybriden Prototypen, einem multimodalen Lösungsansatz zur Beurteilung von virtuellen Prototypen (Buchholz 2017), werden Erwartungshaltungen, Erfahrungswerte und Prioritäten von Experten in der Produktentwicklung dargestellt und analysiert. Die qualitative Expertenbefragung spiegelt ein aktuelles Meinungsbild der deutschen Industrie zur Verwendung solcher Prototypen wieder und eröffnet eine detaillierte Sicht auf Hürden, die es bei der Entwicklung und Planung zu bewältigen gilt, um die Hemmschwellen für den Einsatz mindern zu können. Im Zuge des Verbundprojekts „RobVRAR - Funktionale virtuelle Prüfsysteme für die roboterbasierte Qualitätsprüfung“ ist in Zusammenarbeit mit der Firma Battenberg ROBOTIC GmbH & Co. KG ein Heckklappen-Demonstrator gebaut worden, der sich als repräsentatives Beispiel eignet. Die Expertenbefragung enthält allgemeine Fragen zu hybriden Prototypen und Fragen, die sich konkret mit dem Heckklappen-Demonstrator befassen.
3D-volldigitalisierte Behandlungsplanung bei Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten (LKGS-3D)
Authors:   Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-Kiefer- Gesichtschirurgie der TU Dresden, Keil Christiane , Haim Dominik , Zeidler-Rentzsch Ines , Tritschel Franz , Weiland Bernhard , Müller Olaf , Treichel Thomas , Lauer Günter
Published: September 2021

Die Idealvorstellung eines vollständig digitalisierten Behandlungsalltags rückt mit fortschreitender technologischer und informationeller Entwicklung stetig näher an die Realität. Zu Beginn bestand lediglich die Möglichkeit einer elektronischen Patientenakte, hinzu kamen vielfältige Möglichkeiten der digitalen Bildgebung und wurden schließlich um das Ziel eines vollständigen digitalen Workflows ergänzt. Die Planung der interdisziplinären kieferorthopädischen / kieferchirurgischen Versorgung von Patienten mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen-Spalten (LKGS) wurde bis vor kurzem am Universitätsklinikum Dresden noch hauptsächlich analog durchgeführt. Eine volldigitalisierte Behandlungsplanung unter Einbeziehung aller beteiligten Behandler fand nicht statt. Ziel des Projektes war es deshalb, eine digitale Plattform zur interdisziplinären zahnmedizinischen Versorgung von LKGS-Patienten zu schaffen. Dazu wurde zuerst die bisher erforderliche Abdrucknahme mittels Alginat und die anschließende Herstellung eines Gipsmodells durch einen intraoralen 3D-Scan der Zahnbögen des Patienten abgelöst. Anhand des intraoralen 3D-Scans können nun die erforderlichen Trinkplatten mittels 3D-Druck erstellt werden. Zweiter Schritt war die Anfertigung von 3D-Aufnahmen der Weichteile des Gesichtes mittels eines extraoralen 3D-Scanners. Als dritter Schritt erfolgte die Anfertigung von Digitalen Volumentomografie (DVT)-Aufnahmen zur 3D-Darstellung des Schädelknochens und Kieferskeletts. Nach der Anfertigung wurden diese bildbasierten Datensätze zu einem „digitalen Zwilling“ (virtuelles 3D-Modell aus DVT, intra- und extraoralen 3D-Scan) zusammengefasst, wodurch erstmalig ein umfassendes 3D-Modell des Mund-Kiefer-Raumes einschließlich wichtiger Informationen zum Kiefergelenk und der anliegenden Weichteile entstand. Dieses virtuelle Modell bildet jetzt die Grundlage für die Behandlungsplanung und die Planung der weiteren zahnmedizinischen und medizinischen Versorgung. Es konnte also im Projekt die komplette Digitalisierung der Diagnostik, die Etablierung einer Fusionsplattform und der Datenaustausch zwischen Uniklinik und privater Praxis umgesetzt werden.
Erweiterte Analyse ausgewählter Schwingungsphänomene mit dem C & C²-Ansatz am Beispiel einer Einscheibentrockenkupplung
Authors:   Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), IPEK - Institut für Produktentwicklung, Tröster Peter M. , Klotz Thomas , Rapp Simon , Xiao Yulong , Ott Sascha , Albers Albert
Published: September 2021

Zwangserregtes Kupplungsrupfen ist ein Schwingungsphänomen, dessen Ursache in einer periodischen Modulation der Anpresskraft im Reibkontakt sowie des Drehmoments der Kupplung liegt. Diese periodische Modulation wird im Wesentlichen durch geometrische Abweichungen von der vorgesehenen Gestalt verursacht. Nach wie vor spielt es bei der Entwicklung von Kraftfahrzeugkupplungen eine große Rolle da die davon verursachten longitudinal Schwingungen des Fahrzeugs zu deutlichen Komforteinbußen der Fahrzeuginsassen führen. Obwohl bereits einige Einflussfaktoren des zwangserregten Kupplungsrupfens qualitativ bekannt sind, gibt es noch nicht für alle Einflussfaktoren geeignete, detaillierte Erklärungsmodelle, die Kupplungsentwicklern beim Verständnis der Wirkzusammenhänge von zwangserregtem Kupplungsrupfen unterstützen. Dies liegt unter anderem an den starken Wechselwirkungen, die über verschiedene Systemebenen auftreten und bisher kaum modelliert wurden. Daher werden in diesem Beitrag Gestalt-Funktion-Zusammenhänge auf zwangserregtes Kupplungsrupfen durch geometrische Abweichungen mithilfe des sogenannten C&C²-Ansatzes nach Albers und Matthiessen näher untersucht. Ein bereits vorhandenes Modell wird dabei um geeignete Granularitäten und Perspektiven erweitert und die Wirkzusammenhänge werden zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten als sogenannte Sequenzmodelle dargestellt. In einem iterativen Prozess werden sowohl Hypothesen als auch Modelle entwickelt und es werden experimentelle Untersuchungen abgeleitet. Ausgewählte Einflussfaktoren werden hierzu in Form von Variationen an einem Prüfstand untersucht, um die Hypothesen zu verifizieren oder zu falsifizieren, und es werden erste quantitative Ergebnisse gewonnen. Dies ermöglicht die Erklärung von Ursachen für zwangserregtes Kupplungsrupfen die durch bisherige Erklärungsmodelle noch nicht hinreichend genau beschrieben werden, was durch die zum Teil großen Dynamiken der Wirkzusammenhänge begründet ist.
Nutzerzentrierte Entwicklung einer ortsunabhängigen Maschinenabnahme mittels Augmented Reality
Authors:   Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Fabrikbetrieb, Kovacevic Nedim , Meinzer Jantje ,   YOUSE GmbH Berlin, Stark Rainer
Published: September 2021

Die Nutzung von Augmented Reality (AR) stellt eine Vielzahl von Lösungsansätzen für Herausforderungen unterschiedlicher Bereiche, z.B. der Industrie, Medizin, Unterhaltungsmedien und Bildung, zur Verfügung. Speziell werden hier die Möglichkeiten von AR in der Fertigungsindustrie, genauer bei der Abnahme elektrischer Antriebe der Siemens AG, betrachtet. Dabei werden unter anderem messbare Größen wie Drehmoment, Ankerstrom, -spannung, Drehzahl, Schwingungen, Fertigungstoleranzen etc. gemessen, aber auch nicht quantifizierbare Größen wie Sichtprüfungen von Schweißnähten und Lackierung in Betracht gezogen. Angestrebt wird eine Methode, welche es zukünftig ermöglicht, die Inbetriebnahme ortsunabhängig zu verfolgen und Inspektionen aus der Ferne durchzuführen. Die Herausforderung liegt dabei darin, eine zumindest gleichwertige, wenn nicht sogar verbesserte Erfahrung und Prüfergebnisvalidität für die Beteiligten gegenüber der vor Ort Abnahme zu erzeugen. Im Rahmen des Forschungsvorhabens wurde in interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit zwischen Ingenieur/-innen und Sozialwissenschaftler/-innen ein Demonstrator-Konzept für eine ortsunabhängige Maschinenabnahme entwickelt.
Augmented Reality als intuitive Benutzungsschnittstelle für das Roboterprogrammieren
Authors:   Wandelbots GmbH Dresden, Horn Carolin , Schreiber Christoph-Philipp ,   Wandelbots GmbH Dresden
Published: September 2021

Das Programmieren der Bewegungsbahnen von Robotern erfordert Fachwissen und ist ein zeitintensiver und aufwendiger Prozess. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Einsatz von Augmented Reality (AR) in Form eines AR Head Mounted Display (HMD) als intuitives Schnittstelle (engl. Interface) für die Roboterprogrammierung. Zunächst wird ein Überblick über aktuelle und relevante Forschung im Bereich AR Anwendungen in der Robotik gegeben. Aktuelle Forschungsarbeit auf dem Gebiet widmet sich vorrangig der technischen Umsetzung einzelner Funktionalitäten. In diesem Beitrag aus der Praxis sollen die technischen Möglichkeiten den Problematiken potenzieller Anwender:innen angepasst werden. Der Fokus liegt damit auf dem Mehrwert für spezifische Nutzergruppen und der einfachen und intuitiven Bedienung des AR Interfaces selbst. Zunächst wird, einem nutzerzentrierten Entwicklungsprozess folgend, erhoben, welchen Herausforderungen Expert:innen und Laien bei der Roboterprogrammierung begegnen. Auf dieser Basis werden Anforderungen abgeleitet und ein erlebbarer Prototyp entwickelt und gestaltet, der eine weitere Untersuchungen ermöglicht. Ein geplantes Untersuchungskonzept hinsichtlich Aspekten der User Experience (UX) wird im Ausblick beleuchtet.
Konstruktion eines Inserts für Faserverbund- Halbzeuge
Authors:   Hochschule Mittweida Fakultät Ingenieurwissenschaften, Weidermann Frank , Zimmermann Stefanie ,   Hochschule Mittweida Fakultät Ingenieurwissenschaften, Pino Andrea ,   Hochschule Mittweida Fakultät Ingenieurwissenschaften
Published: September 2021

Sandwichplatten sind effiziente Leichtbauelemente. Sie werden im Fahrzeugbau, in der Luft- und Raumfahrt, im Werkzeugmaschinenbau und überall dort, wo es auf geringe bewegte Massen ankommt, eingesetzt. Sandwichplatten sind oft Halbzeuge. Sandwichbauteile haben oft einen aufwendigen Herstellungsprozess, der eine Wärmebehandlung, die höhere Genauigkeiten ausschließt, beinhaltet. Aus diesen Gründen ist es oft sinnvoll, Inserts erst im Nachhinein in die fertige Sandwichplatte bzw. in das fertige Sandwichbauteil einzusetzen. Diese Inserts haben unterschiedliche Aufgaben. Sie dienen z.B. der Aufnahme von Schrauben, Bolzen und Lagern. Die vorgestellte Verbindung entspricht durch ihre spezielle Geometrie den hohen Anforderungen für Verbindungselemente in den genannten Gebieten hinsichtlich Genauigkeit und Stabilität. Es wird der Konstruktionsprozess eines Inserts für Sandwichplatten aus CFK- Verbundmaterial beschrieben. Ausgehend von einer patentierten Lösung der Autoren findet eine schrittweise Produktverbesserung bis hin zu einem einsatzfähigen Prototypen statt. Durch die Insertverbindung können für den Maschinenbau erforderliche Genauigkeiten nun mit CFK- Halbzeugen umgesetzt werden. Die Anwendung dieses Leichtbaupotentials führt zur Energieeinsparung und zum Transfer von CFK- Anwendungen in den Maschinenbau.
Gibt es ein Patentrezept für erfolgreiche IT-Projekte?
Authors: Katzenbach Alfred
Published: September 2021

Viele Prozess-IT-Projekte erfüllen nicht die Erwartungen des Managements, der Anwender, oder von beiden. Ein beachtlicher Anteil wird abgebrochen und scheitert damit komplett. Aber gerade der Erfolg dieser Projekte kann für den Erfolg des ganzen Unternehmens entscheidend sein. Wenn man diese Projekte als Organisationsentwicklungsprojekte mit einem klaren Fokus auf die beteiligten und betroffenen Personen betrachtet, steigt die Erfolgswahrscheinlichkeit in großem Maß. Der vorgestellte Fünf-Phasen-Plan zeigt ein Vorgehensmodell, mit dem auch große internationale und komplexe IT-Projekte erfolgreich bearbeitet werden können und wie ein nachhaltiger Erfolg für das Unternehmen sichergestellt werden kann.
Ermittlung von Anforderungen an eine Anwendungsfall-Spezifische Einführung Agiler Ansätze Erkenntnisse aus der Anwendung des Agile-Stage-Gate Hybrids
Authors:   Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), IPEK - Institut für Produktentwicklung, Heimicke Jonas , Spahic Ahmed ,   Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), IPEK - Institut für Produktentwicklung, Bramato Luis ,   Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), IPEK - Institut für Produktentwicklung, Albers Albert ,   Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), IPEK - Institut für Produktentwicklung
Published: September 2021

Produzierende Unternehmen, die traditionelle Produktentwicklungsmethoden mit linearen und rigiden Prozessen nutzen, sind zunehmend weniger in der Lage, den Veränderungen in Märkten und Technologien gerecht zu werden. Der klassische Stage-Gate Prozesses nach Cooper lässt kein adäquates Reagieren auf diese Veränderungen zu, sodass es zu Verzögerungen in der Entwicklung und späten Änderungen am Produkt im weiteren Projektverlauf kommt. Aus diesem Grund werden agile Methoden innerhalb etablierter plangetriebener Ansätze integriert, um durch kurzfristige und wiederkehrende Planungs-aktivitäten und ein iteratives Vorgehen in der Entwicklung eine schnellere Anpassung an mögliche Veränderungen während der Projektdurchführung zu ermöglichen. Die Anwendung agiler Methoden, die aus der Softwareentwicklung entstammen, kann jedoch nicht ohne Anpassungen erfolgen, da sich der Entwicklungsprozess physischer Produkte beispielsweise hinsichtlich der Modularisierung des Gesamtsystems in kleinere Inkremente deutlich von der Vorgehensweise in der Softwareentwicklung unterscheidet. Um die Einführung agiler Methoden unternehmensspezifisch und zweckmäßig gestalten zu können, soll die Basis für einen unternehmensspezifischen Problemlösungsprozess gelegt werden, mit dem Agilität in die Prozesse eingeführt werden kann. Dazu soll herausgefunden werden, inwieweit Entwickler aus der Praxis den Bedarf für eine individuelle Einführung von Agilität sehen. Dazu werden Interviews mit Experten aus Unternehmen geführt, um die Implementierung agiler Methoden im Rahmen der physischen Produktentwicklung in der Praxis zu hinterfragen und zukünftige Forschungspotentiale zu explizieren. Daraus werden Hypothesen hinsichtlich einer individuellen Einführung von Agilität in die Entwicklungsprozesse produzierender Unternehmen abgeleitet und in einer quantitativen Umfrage überprüft. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eindeutig den Bedarf für eine individuelle Einführung von Agilität in den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall.
Vergleich der Motivationsprofile von Scrum-Teammitgliedern mit dem Agilen Manifest zur Entwicklung von Gamification-Strategien
Authors:   Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Fachgebiet Produktsicherheit und Qualität, Kessing David , Löwer Manuel ,   Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Fachgebiet Produktsicherheit und Qualität
Published: September 2021

Agile Methoden sind in der industriellen Anwendung Stand der Technik, wobei Scrum das am häufigsten verwendete Prozess-Framework zur effektiven Entwicklung komplexer Produkte ist. Entworfen wurde Scrum von Ken Schwaber und Jeff Sutherland, die ebenfalls 2001 das agile Manifest mitentwickelten, welches die vier Werte und zwölf Prinzipien für die Arbeit mit agilen Methoden definiert. Scrum zeichnet sich unter anderem durch flache Hierarchien aus. Hierdurch erhalten Mitarbeitende zunehmend Verantwortung und es entsteht aufgrund der vermehrt stattfindenden Kommunikation eine erhöhte Transparenz in allen Prozessen. Diese Eigenschaften bringen viele Vorteile aber auch Herausforderungen mit sich. Einerseits kann hohe Transparenz durch Offenlegung der Arbeit zu Unsicherheit seitens der Mitarbeitenden führen, andererseits sorgt die erhöhte Verantwortung auch für einen größeren Einfluss der einzelnen Team-Mitglieder auf das Ergebnis der Arbeitsprozesse. Die Motivation und Leistungsbereitschaft der Mitarbeitenden sind demzufolge ausschlaggebend für die erfolgreiche Produktentwicklung mit Scrum. Gamification ist ein neuer, vielversprechender Ansatz zur Steigerung der Motivation und wird dabei definiert als „die Verwendung von Spiel-Designelementen in Nicht-Spielkontexten“. Die dieser Veröffentlichung zugrundeliegende Forschung bildet die Grundlage zur Entwicklung von dedizierten Gamification-Strategien mit dem Ziel der Optimierung von Motivation und folglich der Leistung der Mitarbeitenden im Scrum-Entwicklungsprozess.
Remote Innovation - Co-Creation During Times of Pandemic
Authors:   chilli mind GmbH, Gerstheimer Oliver , Schütz Philipp ,   chilli mind GmbH, Englisch Philipp ,   chilli mind GmbH, Wimmer Erhard
Published: September 2021

Die COVID-19-Pandemie forderte 2020 die Wirtschaftswelt heraus und provozierte in vielen Unternehmen die Dezentralisierung und Digitalisierung der Denkarbeit. Co-Creation-Workshops mussten wirkungsvoll und schnell in Online-Formate übertragen werden. Für die Produktentwicklung und -innovation der Sartorius AG bedeutete dies die Entwicklung einer digitalen Plattform: Bestehende Inhalte und Prozesse wurden überarbeitet, verbessert, erweitert und in einer digitalen Infrastruktur zusammengeführt. Ausgehend von der Plattform erhalten Mitarbeiter:innen Zugang zu einem Methodenpool, Workshop-Vorlagen und Schulungsmaterialien. So können Teams weltweit produktiv zusammenarbeiten. Die digitale Plattform ist ganzheitlich und nachhaltig konzipiert und wird durch ein analoges Method Playbook und agile Schulungen, sowie eine Webcast-Serie ergänzt, in der weiterführende Informationen on-demand abgerufen werden können. Mit der Plattform wird die unternehmensweite Innovationskultur in Zeiten der Pandemie nicht nur erhalten, sondern sogar proaktiv ausgebaut und zusätzlich werden Zeit und Ressourcen gespart.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ИЗНОСОСТОЙКОСТИ ЛАКОКРАСОЧНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ ДОРОЖНОЙ РАЗМЕТКИ ВВЕДЕНИЕМ ВЫСОКОДИСПЕРСНЫХ ДОБАВОК
Authors: Волкова И.Р. , Лямкин А.И. , Редькин В.Е. , Суходаев П.О.
Published: September 2021

Возможность управления качеством продукции, улучшение эксплуатационных характеристик, адгезии, износостойкости являются приоритетными направлениями в лакокрасочной промышленности. Один из способов влияния на качество лакокрасочных материалов (ЛКМ) – введение высокодисперсных добавок (ВДД) в полимерную основу. В работе осуществлялся подбор ВДД и способ их введения в краску с целью улучшения ее износостойкости, что важно при использовании, например, для дорожной разметки. Было изучено влияние трех типов ВДД: электровзрывного оксида алюминия, ультрадисперсных алмазов детонационного синтеза и оксида алюминия – глинозема (техногенные отходы Ачинского глиноземного комбината). Наибольший интерес в качестве высокодисперсной добавки для улучшения износостойкости полученных композитов представляет электровзрывной оксид алюминия. Установлено, что введение 0,05 масс. % взрывного Al2O3 позволяет увеличить износостойкость в лабораторных условиях на 25 % при сохранении других эксплуатационных характеристик в пределах требования нормативных документов.

The ability to manage product quality, improve performance, adhesion, and wear resistance are priorities in the paint and varnish industry. One of the ways to influence the quality of paint and varnish materials (LCM) is the introduction of highly dispersed additives (HDA) into the polymer base. In the work, the selection of HDA and the method of its introduction into the paint was carried out in order to improve its wear resistance, which is important when used, for example, for road markings. The influence of three types of HDA was studied: electroexplosive aluminum oxide, ultrafine diamonds of detonation synthesis, and aluminum oxide-alumina (technogenic waste of the Achinsk alumina combine). Electroexplosive aluminum oxide is of the greatest interest as a highly dispersed additive for improving the wear resistance of the obtained composites. It was found that the introduction of 0.05 wt. % explosive Al2O3 allows you to increase the wear resistance in the laboratory by 30% while maintaining other properties.
Metastatic involvement of draining paratracheal lymph nodes in hypopharyngeal carcinoma: a clinicopathological study
Authors: Tantawy Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Histological evidence of metastatic involvement of paratracheal lymph nodes in hypopharyngeal carcinoma and its clinicopathological implications were studied. Twenty-five patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma underwent total laryngopharyngo-oesophagectomy with complete paratracheal clearance. The incidence of positive paratracheal lymph nodes was 40% in hypopharyngeal tumours. Postcricoid lesions showed a higher percentage of positive nodes [50%] compared to those in posterior wall lesions [16.67%]. There was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of positive paratracheal lymph nodes with thyroid gland invasion, vocal cord invasion, metastasis to the internal jugular chain of the deep cervical nodes and extracapsular and perineural spread
Scorpionsting syndrome: epidemiology, clinical presentation and management of 2240 cases
Authors: A. Mahaba, H. M.
Published: September 2021

All cases of scorpion stings [2240] that attended all primary health care centres and hospitals in Hail region, Saudi Arabia, from 1 June 1994 to 31 August 1995 were recorded and analysed. The incidence of scorpion stings and treatment by antivenom were studied. A total incidence of 1.87% was found for the 15-month period. The severity of symptoms and signs were marked among infants. Guidelines for the management of scorpion stings are suggested and the importance of local treatment of stings affecting infants and preschool children is emphasized
The need for traditional birth attendants -dayas- in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khattab M. S. , Khan M. Y. , Al Khaldi Y. M. , Al Gamal M. N.
Published: September 2021

Preferences of women living in remote areas regarding delivery place and attendant were surveyed, opinions of primary health care [PHC] doctors about traditional birth attendants’ [TBA] maternal care were assessed and training needs for TBAs were identified using questionnaires and a focus group discussion. Home deliveries and TBAs were preferred by approximately 24% and 38% of the women respectively. The fact that they were women and psychological comfort were the main reasons for preferring TBAs. TBAs disclosed many harmful practices. No PHC centre help was sought by 75% of TBAs. Lack of cooperation between PHC centres and TBAs was a concern of most of the doctors. Training and links to PHC services for TBAs are needed
Alternative medicine and the medical profession: view of medical students and general practitioners
Authors: Hasan M. Y. , Das M. , Behjat S.
Published: September 2021

A survey was undertaken to explore the attitudes and practices of general practitioners and medical students in the United Arab Emirates with regards to forms of therapy not generally accepted by conventional medicine, including herbal medicine, acupuncture, homeopathy, spiritual therapy and osteopathy/chiropractic. The study found that alternative medicine is in common use to complement conventional medicine by a section of educated people within the health care system. Our observations lead us to appreciate its role in community health care and indicate a need to design culturally appropriate medical curricula which incorporate information about alternative medicine
Early teenage marriage and subsequent pregnancy outcome
Authors: Shawky S. , Milaat W.
Published: September 2021

The relationship between marriage before 16 years and pregnancy outcome throughout the childbearing period was examined. Participants included all married women attending six randomly selected primary health care units in Jeddah with at least one infant and complete medical files. Early teenage marriage was found for 27.2% of women. Most of these were illiterate [57.1%], housewives [92.4%]and grand multiparae [66.7%]. They were at twice the risk of spontaneous abortion, four times the risk of combined fetal death and infant mortality, and twice the risk of losing pregnancies any time during their childbearing years. They remained at high risk of poor pregnancy outcome throughout their reproductive lives. Despite tradition, marriage should be discouraged before 16 years
Demand and supply of doctors and dentists in Bahrain, 1998-2005
Authors: Ahmed A. A. , Fateha B. , Benjamin S.
Published: September 2021

We examined the supply and demand of medical doctors and dentists in Bahrain. Demand for physicians and dentists was based on the objective of having a physician-to-population ratio of 1: 650, and a dentist-to-population ratio of 1: 5000. Analysis of the current workforce and projected graduates in the period 1998-2005 indicated that the supply of Bahraini medical doctors and dentists until the year 2005 will not be sufficient to meet the projected demand in these categories. By the year 2005, Bahraini doctors and dentists will provide 82.5% and 75.9% of medical and dental demands respectively. The remaining 17.2% of physicians and 24.1% of dentists will have to be recruited from abroad. Thus, the prospect of oversupply of Bahrainis among these categories until the year 2005 is highly unlikely
Levels of some trace metals and related enzymes in workers at storage-battery factories in Iraq
Authors: Mehdi J. K. , Al Imarah F. J. M. , Al Suhail A. A.
Published: September 2021

Levels of some trace metals [copper, iron, lead and zinc], aminolevulinate dehydratase [ALAD], caeruloplasmin and haemoglobin were measured in the blood of 37 male workers from private-sector storage-battery factories. The men were divided into three groups depending on their jobs: 11 chargers [group I], 8 repair workers [group II]and 18 casting workers [group III]; 60 men were selected as controls. Mean levels were 14.63, 36.35, 58.00 and 71.70 mg/100 mL for lead, 192.54, 133.90, 96.75 and 45.37 U/mL for ALAD, and 14.02, 12.72, 12.20 and 11.40 g/100 mL for haemoglobin for control and groups I, II and III respectively. Significant negative correlations were found between lead and both ALAD and haemoglobin. The only significant positive correlation was between lead levels and duration of exposure
Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis: microbial conversion and unusual age presentation
Authors: Mousa H. A. , Abaid M. G.
Published: September 2021

From 1983 to 1989, 110 cases of haematogenous osteomyelitis were studied retrospectively. The most commonly affected were children under 1 year. No adult cases were reported. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 72.7% of cases. During 1992-1997, 80 cases were studied prospectively. The most commonly affected were children aged 9 years. This group included 19 adults. S. aureus was isolated from 43.7% of the cases. There was a clear difference in the incidence of S. aureus and age presentation in the cases before and after the Gulf conflict. Working children and malnutrition might have caused changes in the infecting organisms and age presentation in recent years
SOME ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED IN THE OPERATIVE PART OF THE SENTENCE
Authors:   Yakkasaray DistrictCriminal Court of Tashkent of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Obidov Tolibjon
Published: September 2021

This article discusses some issues to beresolved in the operative part of both the guilty and acquittal, which should be contained, the issues of revising judgments and rulings, the decision on material evidence and other objects and documents attached to the case, the decision on procedural costs, the procedure, terms of appeal, issues of appeal against the verdict. In addition, some differences in resolving the issue of procedural costs are analyzed, as well as issues to be resolved in a conviction and acquittal, procedural costs in criminal proceedings, as well as a comparative analysis of the legislation of some foreign countries.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
Authors:   Supervisionover the enforcement of laws on combating and prevention of crimes of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nematkhodzhaev Zuhriddin
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to the issues of combating trafficking in persons in the Republic of Uzbekistan, including the regulatory legal acts adopted in the country, in particular the recently adopted Law “On Combating Trafficking in Persons”, procedures for preventing trafficking in persons, a database of victims, and also mentions the organizational work conducted by the Republic of Uzbekistan in this direction