bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soins palliatifs pédiatriques et éducation
Authors: Pondy Ongotsoyi Angèle Hermine , Molel Belika Léopold , Njeng II Ngo Yap Monique , Nyemb Mbog Grâce J. T. , Kengang Kamdem Armelle
Published: November 2016

Accompagner le malade chronique en toute dignité dans ses derniers moments de vie, plutôt que de le laisser crever, c’est le but des soins palliatifs. Dans ce sillage, les auteurs s’interrogent sur la qualité de vie (QoL) des enfants atteints des cancers au Service d’Hémato-oncologie du Centre Mère et Enfant de la Fondation Chantal Biya au Cameroun. Ils se penchent ainsi sur le besoin scolaire, un indicateur parmi plusieurs autres qui peuvent influencer la QoL de ces patients. La population cible de notre étude est l’ensemble des enfants hospitalisés au Service d’Hémato-oncologie pour cause de cancers. Pendant la période de l’étude, 24 étaient hospitalisés parmi lesquels 15 dont l’âge variait entre 5 et 15 ans répondaient à nos critères d’inclusion. L’étude fait état d’une proportion de 67 % de garçons contre 33 % de filles. L’origine culturelle montre une représentation des Bamilékés 39 %, des Bulu 33 %. 27 % de la population étudiée a perdu au moins une année scolaire pour cause de maladie. Et 100 % ont manifesté le désir de renouer avec l’école. Au terme de notre analyse, le besoin de renouer avec l’école était manifesté par tous les enfants. Ce qui nous amène à conclure à la nécessité de ce que nous convenons d’appeler « l’Ecole à l’hôpital ».
Le Compte-Nickel : un compte pour tous, sans banque
Authors: Le Bret Hugues
Published: November 2016

On peut souscrire un Compte-Nickel chez un buraliste et obtenir une carte permettant des retraits, des virements, des achats en France et à l’étranger, avec des découverts impossibles. C’était un triple défi, mais son démarrage est foudroyant.
L’intérim transfrontalier : les marges de l’emploi aux marges des territoires
Authors: Belkacem Rachid , Pigeron-Piroth Isabelle
Published: November 2016

Au sein de la Grande Région Saar-Lor-Lux (espace transfrontalier regroupant un État : le Luxembourg, et quatre régions : la Sarre et la Rhénanie-Palatinat en Allemagne, la Wallonie en Belgique et la Lorraine en France), le développement du travail frontalier s’est accompagné d’une diversification de ses formes, comme l’intérim transfrontalier. Les entreprises de travail temporaire se sont imposées comme de nouveaux intermédiaires de l’emploi au sein de cet espace transfrontalier, favorisant le développement de formes particulières d’emploi et tirant avantage des différences de législations sociales et fiscales entre pays.
Quelles théories économiques pour réglementer les organismes génétiquement modifiés ?
Authors: Milanesi Julien
Published: November 2016

Nous défendons dans cet article l’idée qu’une théorie économique permettant de penser la réglementation des organismes génétiquement modifiés (OGM) doit articuler une réflexion sur la justice à celle sur la recherche d’efficacité. Nous proposons l’hypothèse selon laquelle les choix normatifs sur ces biens sujets à controverse scientifique se concrétisent dans différentes conventions de qualité des OGM qui structurent, à leur tour, les réponses réglementaires.
Les députés européens baltes et les débats mémoriels, entre stratégie politique et engagement personnel (2004-2009)
Authors: Perchoc Philippe
Published: November 2016

Avec l’élargissement de l’Union européenne en 2004 à 10 nouveaux États membres dont 8 ont connu des régimes communistes, les institutions européennes sont devenues le lieu d’un débat sur les interprétations européennes du passé. Au Parlement européen, ces débats ont remis en cause le consensus précédent sur une Europe bâtie sur la lutte commune contre le nazisme en questionnant la place des crimes du Stalinisme dans ce schéma. L’Estonie, la Lettonie et la Lituanie ayant été victimes d’occupations par l’URSS et l’Allemagne nazie, les députés européens de ces trois pays se sont montrés très sensibles à ces questions. L’analyse de leur activité entre 2004 et 2009 montre que ces débats n’ont pas été un instrument spécifique de positionnement au sein de l’assemblée de la part de nouvelles délégations modestes en tailles. Néanmoins, les députés baltes ont été très actifs. Cela peut s’expliquer par l’importance de ces questions dans la politique intérieure de leurs États et dans les relations de ceux-ci avec la Russie, comme cela apparaît bien dans leurs interventions. Pourtant il apparaît aussi que ces interventions ne relèvent pas seulement d’une stratégie politique, mais aussi d’une volonté de témoignage personnel et de fidélité à une histoire familiale.
Réconciliation post conflit : à la recherche d’une typologie
Authors: Rosoux Valérie
Published: November 2016

Plutôt que de se limiter à la distinction traditionnelle entre conflits internationaux et internes, la contribution propose quatre scénarios pour tester le caractère approprié ou non de l’appel à la réconciliation : les conflits internationaux, les guerres civiles, les guerres coloniales et les génocides. Ces scénarios partagent certes des traits communs mais ils diffèrent fondamentalement en ce qui concerne la question de l’altérité. L’étude tente en effet de montrer que les divers processus de déconstruction de l’autre déterminent les modalités, et parfois la possibilité même, d’un éventuel rapprochement entre parties en présence. La typologie proposée se base sur l’analyse de quatre cas : le cas franco-allemand (post conflit international), le cas sud-africain (post conflit interne), le cas franco-algérien (post guerre coloniale) et le cas rwandais (post génocide). Dans chacun de ces cas, trois interrogations sont prises systématiquement en considération pour structurer l’analyse. Qui sont les protagonistes invités à se réconcilier ? D ’où viennent les appels à la réconciliation ? Quand surgissent-ils ? Sur le plan méthodologique, chacun des cas fut traité à partir de trois types de corpus : un corpus reprenant l’ensemble des discours officiels prononcés depuis la fin des conflits, un corpus de témoignages individuels, et enfin un corpus d’entretiens.
TTIP: a Unique Opportunity or a Leap in the Dark?
Authors: Régibeau Pierre
Published: November 2016

Le Partenariat transatlantique de commerce et d’investissement propose d’éliminer les tarifs qui subsistent encore entre les États-Unis et l’Union Européenne. L’accord prévoit aussi une protection accrue des compagnies multinationales américaines et européennes quand elles investissent en dehors de leur territoire d’origine et organise l’harmonisation des lois économiques des deux côtés de l’Atlantique. Alors que les libérations précédentes du commerce international ont été bénéfiques, le niveau des tarifs entre les États-Unis et l’Union Européenne sont maintenant tellement bas que leur élimination n’accroitrait le bien-être des deux régions que de façon négligeable. Les avantages associés à la protection des investissements et à l’harmonisation des règlements économiques sont quant à eux incertains. Ces deux aspects du protocole comportent également des risques appréciables. Il est ainsi possible que les compagnies internationales puissent abuser de la procédure de résolution des conflits prévue par l’accord pour entraver des changements légitimes de politique économique et sociale au niveau national. L’on peut aussi se demander si l’harmonisation des lois économiques ne risque pas de se transformer en une attaque contre les réglementations jugées hostiles aux grands intérêts commerciaux. En fait, l’enthousiasme des grands acteurs commerciaux pour un accord qui ne devrait en principe pas produire des gains économiques spectaculaires suggère que le protocole ne devrait pas être adopté sans une clarification substantielle de la procédure de résolution des conflits et de l’étendue de l’harmonisation réglementaire.
La population des arbitres et son hétérogénéité : une étude de cas dans le basket-ball français
Authors: Philippe Broda
Published: November 2016

Cet article explore le sens que les arbitres de basket-ball en France donnent à leur choix de pratique. Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été conduits avec 15 arbitres d’âge différent, certains encore en activité mais d’autres ayant abandonné l’arbitrage. Chez les jeunes, un « sens de la communauté », leur club plutôt que la famille des arbitres, semble dominant. Chez les adultes, le rapport à la compétition et le rapport à son club apparaissent comme les principaux axes de différenciation. Cette approche fait ressortir une typologie des arbitres (« arbitre du dimanche », « serviteur de club », compétiteur », « mordu » du basket-ball) dans laquelle chaque type est caractérisé par des motivations et des attentes spécifiques.
Le buzz sportif : proposition de caractérisation sémiotique
Authors: Neveu Quentin , Wille Fabien , Bouchet Patrick
Published: November 2016

Depuis le début du XX e  siècle, le paysage médiatique a changé, voyant la place du récepteur évoluer. De consommateur à « consomme-acteur », il occupe aujourd’hui un rôle central dans la création des formats et la diffusion de contenus médiatiques, formats qui se veulent de plus en plus courts et viraux et que la tendance appelle des « buzz ». Initialement utilisé par le milieu du marketing (Chétochine, 2007), ce terme s’est répandu, notamment dans le monde du sport. Cette étude a pour but de caractériser les composantes sémiotiques (signes qui composent un message) d’un buzz sportif à partir d’entretiens de groupes permettant la confrontation de nombreux points de vue. Les résultats obtenus indiquent qu’il se singularise par la nature de l’image et de l’objet montrés, la renommée du sujet concerné, l’importance (médiatique) de l’événement et le degré de « buzzabilité ». Pour cette étude, l’utilisation d’un corpus de vidéos de sport variées tantôt buzz présumés tantôt images prétendues insolites, comptabilisant beaucoup de vues ou au contraire très peu, toujours dans le cadre temporel de la rencontre sportive, ont permis de tester de très nombreux paramètres. Faisant état d’une littérature restreinte sur le sujet, le but de ces tests, en partant du phénomène informationnel qu’est le buzz et en l’appliquant au sport, est de dégager des éléments sémiotiques constitutifs d’un buzz sportif.
Contributions to Speleobiology Appearing in Acta Carsologica
Authors: Pipan Tanja , Culver David C
Published: November 2016

Although primarily known as a journal of karst geosciences and hydrology, Acta Carsologica has played a vital role in the development of speleobiology. A total of 65 biological papers on speleobiology were published in the journal from 1955 to 2014. Many of the papers, especially in the early years of the journal, added to the knowledge base of species distribution and description, but important conceptual and synthetic papers have also appeared. Two special issues were devoted to interdisciplinary topics with a major biological component-time in karst, and carbon and boundaries in karst.Key words: biospeleology, cave biology, Egon Pretner, speleobiology.
El acueducto de Guadalajara y la obra de fray Pedro Antonio de Buzeta en España y Nueva España
Authors: Recio Mir Álvaro
Published: November 2016

El acueducto de Guadalajara, construido por fray Pedro Antonio de Buzeta entre 1731 y 1741, fue una de las principales obras virreinales de la capital tapatía. Sus antecedentes se remontan al siglo XVI y sus consecuencias se prolongaron hasta el siglo XIX. A partir de documentación inédita del Archivo General de Indias, hacemos un análisis de esta empresa constructiva y de la actividad de su autor, tanto en España como en América.
Enhancing SNMR model resolution by selecting an optimum combination of pulse moments, stacking, and gating
Authors: Dalgaard E. , Müller‐Petke M. , Auken E.
Published: November 2016

For the surface nuclear magnetic resonance sounding method, we investigate the tradeoff between stacking and the number of different pulse moments by analyzing the a posteriori model covariance matrix. It is shown that a better determination of the model parameters is obtained by increasing the number of pulse moments compared with increasing the stack size until a certain point. From this point, the determination does not change. A distribution of pulse moments based on the resolution of the surface nuclear magnetic resonance sounding kernel is calculated and compared with a standard logarithmic distribution. Our results show that the resolution‐derived distribution performs better overall, and the logarithmic distribution is only slightly better for very shallow layers. Finally, we use gating of the free induction decays in order to suppress noise, and we show that, by using a logarithmic distribution of gates, we obtain maximum resolution of the models by only seven gates per decay.
Suitable real‐time monitoring of the aerobic biodegradation of toluene in contaminated sand by spectral induced polarization measurements and CO2 analyses
Authors: Noel Cécile , Gourry Jean‐Christophe , Deparis Jacques , Ignatiadis Ioannis , Battaglia‐Brunet Fabienne , Guimbaud Christophe
Published: November 2016

Hydrocarbons commonly contaminate aquifers and, in certain cases, can be successfully treated through biodegradation. Biodegradation is an effective technique for cleaning up pollution by enhancing pollutant‐degrading bacteria in situ. However, in situ sampling for monitoring processes occurring into the ground during the treatment is expensive and invasive. In this article, an alternative method was tested. Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) was combined with gas analyses, CO2 concentration and its carbon isotopic ratio, to monitor toluene aerobic biodegradation in laboratory columns. Microbial activity was characterized by an evolution of the SIP response in correlation with a CO2 production with the same carbon isotope signature as toluene. The spectral induced polarization response followed the variations of bacterial activity and displayed a phase shift up to 15 mrad. These results support the feasibility of using geophysical measurements, supported by CO2 analyses, to monitor in situ hydrocarbon biodegradation, and they are proving to be highly promising for real field scale monitoring.
3D inversion of irregular gridded 2D electrical resistivity tomography lines: Application to sinkhole mapping at the Island of Corfu (West Greece)
Authors: Kim Jung-Ho , Tsourlos Panagiotis , Karmis Petros , Vargemezis George , Yi Myeong‐Jong
Published: November 2016

We study the case of the combined interpretation of irregularly gridded 2D electrical resistivity tomography lines. A 3D inversion algorithm was specially modified to accommodate the full 3D processing of such lines. The chosen approach uses a dense structured mesh and a flexible parameter design scheme. Tests with synthetic data show that full 3D inversion results are significantly improved when compared with the equivalent quasi‐3D imaging of the 2D inversion results. It is also shown that 3D inversion results can provide correct location and shape information about targets that are not directly located under the measured lines. The scheme was tested with real data from a site in the northern part of the Corfu Island (West Greece) where a large number of irregular gridded 2D electrical resistivity tomography lines were collected in order to map sinkholes related to gypsum. The 3D inverted images provide important information about the structure of the existing sinkholes and the potential sinkhole generation mechanism. Overall, the possibility of 3D interpretation of irregularly gridded lines is not only important for obtaining better subsurface images but also allows a more flexible and practical design of electrical resistivity tomography field surveys.
Developing Democratic Paradigms to Effectively Manage Business, Government, and Civil Society
Authors: Mupepi Mambo Governor
Published: November 2016

Immense unemployment, increasing dissension, and despotic and corrupt authorities have created an ideal environment for the emergence of civil and democratic movements whose main objectives are to create and foster democracy. African Spring is seeking to facilitate an equitable distribution of resources and opportunities and adapt social constructs to advance democracy in African states. The organizations have created geopolitical tensions and pressure to remove despots who have amassed personal fortunes at the expense of the public. The discussion includes how citizens can present a united force and deploy peaceful demonstrations, drawing on collaboration and networking approach as a strategy, complemented by an active media to make effective democratic amendment. Important historical events are analyzed to facilitate an understanding of the critical success factors necessary in managing risk, uncertainty, and equality in fluid post-colonial contexts.
Collaborative Governance and the Implementation of Fiscal Responsibility Frameworks
Authors: Gatchair Sonia D.
Published: November 2016

Local governments, like their central government counterparts, must demonstrate increased fiscal responsibility. Although the Jamaican finance ministry has overall responsibility for direction and control of fiscal management at all levels of government, successful implementation cannot be achieved solely by the finance ministry's efforts, but requires the inputs of other actors, including central government, local authorities, the private sector, and civil society groups. This chapter examines the strategic use of collaborations among local authorities and other stakeholders in the implementation of fiscal management policies, in particular revenue-raising efforts in Jamaica, a small island state. The study examines relationships/partnerships (collaborative governance) focusing on the actors, structure, and processes in the implementation of fiscal policy reforms in local authorities. It finds that deliberate efforts must be made to manage complexity arising from overlapping networks with unclear boundaries and fluidity in participation and leadership.
Local Government Reform in Jamaica
Authors: Miller Keith L.
Published: November 2016

Local government as a formal institution has existed in Jamaica since 1667. It has traditionally been perceived as the lower of a two-tier system of government in which it has essentially operated as an instrument of central government. The second of two major reforms to the local government system was initiated in 1990 and officially launched in 1995. The current reform program constitutes a new paradigm of subnational governance and development, in which local government is no longer primarily a creature of central government, but rather a vehicle for the management of local affairs, including the pursuit of local developmental priorities, with strong participation by local citizens and stakeholders. Such a paradigm is claimed to be critical to addressing governance and developmental challenges that currently confront Jamaica. This study examines the validity of this claim and whether this new paradigm is likely to enhance subnational governance and development.
Reconstructing Digitally Instruments and Scales in the Synchrony and Diachrony of Music
Authors: Politis Dionysios
Published: November 2016

The capabilities of modern computers to visualize in a realistic and constructive manner how ancient musical instruments performed gives contemporary musicologists an unprecedented insight on how music evolved through the centuries. Collecting evidence from museological exhibits, reconstructed physical instruments from antiquity have been performing around the globe. Based on these, Computer Music scientists create virtual environments that allow experts to experiment and interface with cultural worlds that flawlessly revive the timeline of music through the centuries. Even further, computer systems can synthesize melodies based on the notation used in antiquity, providing scholars with a vivid reflection that echoes humanity's collective memory through the centuries.
Cataloging Images in Library, Archive, and Museum
Authors: Shakhsi Lili
Published: November 2016

This research was supposed to illustrate the process of image cataloging in a library, an archive and a museum in Oslo. In all researched places catalogers are treating the photo as a historical document. It was interesting to know whether the cataloging process is structured in sort of controlled way or no. And gathering some information around usage of hand books or thesaurus and investigating the helpful competences in work place was expected. In worth mentioning that not much research has been done in this practice. The results clarified in general prospect that there is a gap between theory and practice. International standards are not recognized as required tools for cataloging in none of the focused places. Outcomes presented that interviewees think that learning by doing is the key factor in work development. Interviewees have some creative and self-made tools which are based on experiences rather than academic background. Due to this research, there might be requirement for deeper studies in order to come up with better recommendations.
Copyright Protection of Audio Using Biometrics
Authors: Khodabacchus Muhammad Yaasir
Published: November 2016

In our global community, the Internet, the issue of copyright is increasing. The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) reported over thousands of incidents this year compared to three hundred only ten years ago. Although laws and other ways have been intended to protect the rights of content developers and describe restrictions that can be placed on copying materials, pirate users always find a way to breach the protection. Base on this fact, a new method has been implemented using biometrics as it is described in the following chapters. This paper was developed taking into consideration one of the most widely used biometrics which is the fingerprint. Precisely, the aim of the system includes embedding the fingerprint into an audio file which can only be read using the fingerprint of the registered user.
Preservation Initiatives in E-Environment to Protect Information Assets
Authors: Nazir Tawfeeq
Published: November 2016

The libraries have been slow to commence an action to preserve scholarly journals' content. Since the appearance of e-resources and consortium, there has been serious thinking of digital preservation. There have been continued and concerted efforts for preservation of e-resources and as such digital preservation of subscribed consortium content remains a serious threat for the consortia administrators. This study investigates the global initiatives taken to ensure access to perpetuity to electronic resources.
The Role of Living Labs in the Process of Creating Innovation
Authors: Sabat Anna Maria , Florek-Paszkowska Anna Katarzyna
Published: November 2016

The paper is based on the research carried out into Living Labs in Canada. The aim of the paper is presenting the essence of Living Labs as a concept facilitating innovation generation in businesses thanks to the cooperation of various actors, e.g. producers with users, inspiring the process of the development of new goods and services. The research questions raised pertain to the clarification how Living Labs create innovation in businesses. The Living Labs functioning in the Ontario region were the subject matter of the research. The described case study is theorygenic in character because of the early development stage of the knowledge. During the research process the multi-directional nature and the impact dynamics of the idea of Living Labs among peer partners of innovative processes have been noted, emphasizing the prosumer idea as well as the possibility of businesses cooperating in Living Labs.
Activating Art Education Learning by Mapping Community Cultures
Authors: Sharma Manisha
Published: November 2016

In this chapter, the author describes a class assignment that invites university students to explore the concept of placemaking as outcome, and of mapping as methodology in contemporary art education. The objective of this is to challenge students' preconceptions of how and where community-based art education is described and practiced. The project also encourages connections to trends and processes in contemporary art. The author presents student interpretations of the assignment through two projects, inviting readers to follow an examination of ideas for local practice through global thinking. In summary, this chapter suggests a model or strategy for educators and community-based art professionals to initiate socially engaged civic praxis, and activate discussion about global thinking, by mapping local visuality.
The Politics of Video Games in STEM Education
Authors: Sweeny Robert W.
Published: November 2016

This chapter considers broad issues related to videogame design and art educational policy issues. Discussed are Science, Technology Engineering, and Math (STEM) funding proposals, and recent moves to add the arts to this equation. Following this is a discussion of Quest to Learn, and their curricular structure, which incorporates complexity thinking, and relates to STEM, but deals more with game design as opposed to specifically being about videogames. The paper closes with recent statistics on videogame sales, and youth media use, making the argument that videogames are becoming part of a larger network of gaming experiences, and are not limited to one particular mode of delivery.
Augmented Reality with Mobile and Ubiquitous Learning
Authors: Bozkurt Aras
Published: November 2016

Augmented Reality is generally used with mobile and ubiquitous technologies and they become widespread and are being used in education increasingly. Mobile and wearable devices as hard technologies, augmented and virtual reality as soft technologies has improved in a fast pace that we cannot predict what will the future introduce to us tomorrow. These hard and soft technologies provide immersive, enriched, situated and seamless learning experiences through mobile and ubiquitous learning. Considering the technology centric learning models, this chapter examines the mobile learning and augmented reality in terms of the opportunities they offer for learning. Following that, this study explains ubiquitous learning as a future learning model and use of augmented reality within this perspective.
Social Media in Higher Education
Authors: Romero-Hall Enilda
Published: November 2016

This chapter discusses the current use of social media for professional growth, focusing on a case study that uses social media to increase instructional design graduate students' awareness and participation in professional growth opportunities. Social media metrics were analyzed from three social networking tools (Facebook Page, Twitter account, and/or Google+ community) that are used to communicate with the students in the program. Additional data was collected using an electronic questionnaire with open and closed-ended questions. The results show that graduate students' participation in the social media initiatives for professional growth provided awareness of self-directed, voluntary, and informal learning opportunities; engaged students in conversations with their peers and the instructors; and allowed the learners to expand their learning experience outside the traditional classroom format.
Developmental Writing and MOOCs
Authors: Petrosino Krista L.
Published: November 2016

Online education has created a path for universities to expand their geographical and financial bases, per se, by creating virtual classrooms in which students can be present from anywhere, at virtually any time, and do not require the cost of housing facilities, dining, and other expenses that universities (and students) incur beyond the cost of their education itself. The effects of this geographical and financial expansion are far reaching—more so than we sometimes imagine. If we apply this expanse to the multifaceted concept of access, and narrow that focus to one of the most at-risk student populations—developmental writers—we can clearly map connections and complications between location, politics, and pedagogy, all of which have a direct effect on the students and faculty who occupy these online classroom spaces. Here, access becomes most complicated, because it represents in part a geographical and political open door into an education that was previously inaccessible; however, in examining the ways in which some online educational spaces have ultimately developed, the political and financial benefits of MOOCs and other online learning spaces for universities often directly contest disciplinary pedagogies and accepted methods of student support (i.e. small class sizes, individual attention), especially in the case of developmental writers and other at-risk student populations. Ultimately, the relationship of developmental writing and MOOCs in the field's discussions of 21st century literacies, pedagogy, and student success, and in practice, serves to complicate or fully redefine our field's concept of remediation and development, and in doing so, assists us re-thinking the development of large-scale online writing instruction at institutions that do not have the need or resources for creating a writing MOOC specifically.
Reshaping Institutional Mission
Authors: Babb Jacob
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines the relationship between online writing instruction (OWI) and the material and pedagogical impacts of OWI on institutions and their missions, using the author's regional campus to illustrate those impacts. First, the chapter explores the institutional mission and context of the author's institution, exploring how OWI works with and against the university's mission and how the growth of online instruction reshapes that mission. Second, the chapter asserts the need for professional development by exploring campus-wide resources for instructor training and then by detailing the writing program's efforts to provide discipline-specific training that emphasizes pedagogy and collaboration. Finally, the chapter asserts that writing program administrators are uniquely situated stakeholders on their campuses who can make a significant impact on the implementation and ongoing development of OWI on their campuses.
A Physical Design Strategy for Datasets with Multiple Dimensions
Authors: Goncalves Marlene , Mendoza José N.
Published: November 2016

Since the huge volume of data that is generated today, businesses need to have tools to efficiently manage such data. MonetDB is a column-oriented database management system which has shown to have better query processing time with respect to row-oriented systems. The main objective of this chapter is to propose a physical design strategy that improves query execution times in MonetDB. The proposed physical design strategy was empirically studied for 18 TPC-H queries. The experiments were conducted on the basis of cold cache. Each of the queries were executed first using the proposed physical design strategy in this work and then without any physical design. The reported results show that the runtimes using physical design strategy are better for all queries with a minimum percentage improvement of 29%. Also, they showed that the improvement was statistically significant by means of statistical tests.
Utilizing Architecture Aspects for in Data Mining for Computer System Design
Authors: Chantrapornchai Chantana , Kaegjing Aree , Srakaew Sathaporn , Piyanuntcharatsr Warot , Krakhaeng Songchok
Published: November 2016

Data mining has been a popular technique. It has been for many applications in many areas nowadays. In this chapter, we are interested in utilizing architecture features and apply data mining techniques for a computer design. Since data mining requires lot of collected data for building models, the relevant data needs to be properly generated. We demonstrate the applications and their methodology starting from data set generation, feature extraction, modeling and evaluations. Important characteristics of the architecture are considered for data set generation and feature extractions: particularly, the instruction set, and memory access pattern features. The chapter utilizes these features given with observations for building the models for cache prediction, branch prediction, and malware detection.
A Fuzzy Group Decision-Making Approach to Construction Project Risk Management
Authors: Kumar Manoj
Published: November 2016

Implementation of the risk management concepts into construction practice may enhance the performance of project by taking appropriate response actions against identified risks. This research proposes a multi-criteria group decision making approach for the evaluation of different alternative response scenarios. To take into account the uncertainties inherent in evaluation process, fuzzy logic is integrated into the revaluation process. To evaluate alternative response scenarios, first the collective group weight of each criterion is calculated considering opinions of a group consisted of five experts. As each expert has its own ideas, attitudes, knowledge and personalities, different experts will give their preferences in different ways. Fuzzy preference relations are used to unify the opinions of different experts. After computation of collective weights, the best alternative response scenario is selected by the use of proposed fuzzy group decision making methodology which aggregates opinions of different experts. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology, it is implemented in a real project and the best alternative responses scenario is selected for one of the identified risks.
Risk-Centric Performance Measurement
Authors: Plumery Richard Carl
Published: November 2016

This chapter will discuss methods for managing risk through the use of a risk-centric performance management approach. The author will describe the research and analytics that led to a better understanding of how and why realized risks persist in preventing project success despite our evolved knowledge, systems and tools. This chapter will address the fact that bureaucratic and sluggish systems using trailing indicators often elongate the discovery of and may conflate the underlying project issues to be addressed. The author will demonstrate it is imperative to minimize any time lag in identifying trends and acutely focus on risk drivers to increase the chance for a successful project outcome. The point will be made that our forensic-based project performance measurement systems are no longer effective in today's environment of increasingly complex fast-track projects. Tackling the challenge of gaining better value from capital project delivery performance management systems is the primary goal of this work.
Handling Uncertainty in Project Management and Business Development
Authors: Hartlieb Stefan , Silvius Gilbert
Published: November 2016

This chapter reports a study into the management of uncertainty in the disciplines of business development and project management. The first part of the chapter analyses the disciplines by looking at the process, the planning, uncertainty and risk and the measurement of success. Based on our analysis of these two disciplines, we conclude that they differ substantially in the perception and handling of uncertainty and how this is included in the overall process. We found that business development uses additional methods, for example scenario planning, to manage the uncertainty that is inherent to the business development process. The second part of the chapter reports an explorative study into the potential application of scenario planning in project management. This study shows that scenario planning may benefit project management in creating a shared understanding of the project as well as the provision and consideration of different information. In the planning processes of the project, this information is considered useful in risk management and milestone planning.
A Holistic Multi-Criteria Decision and Risk Analysis Method for CCS and GHG Mitigation Projects
Authors: Choptiany John Michael Humphries
Published: November 2016

Methods of electricity generation comprise many different forms with many different benefits and drawbacks. Decisions related to selecting between and how to implement energy production projects can be very complex with significant uncertainty. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is one such method. As these options are uncertain and have such varied benefits and drawbacks, they necessitate effective decision analyses. Traditional methods of decision analysis cannot adequately assess these decisions. This chapter outlines a framework to combine decision analysis methods into a comprehensive analysis that is both user friendly and thorough. A sample case study is used to demonstrate the methodology and its relevance to complex decisions such as CCS and other energy production projects.
Land Surface Temperature Estimation and Urban Heat Island Detection
Authors: Santra Abhisek
Published: November 2016

Earth's land surface temperature is considered to be very important for modeling the environment. Following the trend of increasing global population, urban areas are expanding in spatio-temporal domain. In this way it is affecting the urban climate and subsequently the global climate. Thus, scientific understanding is required to conceive the knowledge about interaction between urban land use/land cover and the atmospheric conditions prevailing in that area. In this chapter the land surface temperature estimation and urban heat island detection are perceived from remote sensing perspective. The chapter in this context highlights three major aspects, viz. the theoretical background, description about some of the common thermal sensors and widely used algorithms to retrieve surface temperature from these satellite sensors.
Improving the Efficiency of Image Interpretation Using Ground Truth Terrestrial Photographs
Authors: Gienko Gennady , Govorov Michael
Published: November 2016

Researchers worldwide use remotely sensed imagery in their projects, in both the social and natural sciences. However, users often encounter difficulties working with satellite images and aerial photographs, as image interpretation requires specific experience and skills. The best way to acquire these skills is to go into the field, identify your location in an overhead image, observe the landscape, and find corresponding features in the overhead image. In many cases, personal observations could be substituted by using terrestrial photographs taken from the ground with conventional cameras. This chapter discusses the value of terrestrial photographs as a substitute for field observations, elaborates on issues of data collection, and presents results of experimental estimation of the effectiveness of the use of terrestrial ground truth photographs for interpretation of remotely sensed imagery. The chapter introduces the concept of GeoTruth – a web-based collaborative framework for collection, storing and distribution of ground truth terrestrial photographs and corresponding metadata.
Remote Sensing Techniques and Its Application in Arid Zones of India
Authors: Jain Lokesh Kumar
Published: November 2016

Remote sensing technologies offer the potential for contributing the security to human existence on arid zones in the country in variety of ways. Remote Sensing in agriculture particularly for natural resource management. It provides important coverage, mapping and classification of land cover features. The remote view of the sensor and the ability to store, analyze, and display the sensed data on field maps are make remote sensing a potentially important tool for agriculture. The aerial photography gives two main advantages viz., speedy survey in very large area or remote area and precise description and recording of resources status. Remotely sensed images provide a means to assess field conditions and gave valuable insights into agronomic management. It led to understanding of leaf reflectance and leaf emittance changes in response to leaf thickness, species, canopy shape, leaf age, nutrient status, and water status. Understanding of leaf reflectance has led to quantify various agronomic parameters, e.g., leaf area, crop cover, biomass, crop type, nutrient status, and yield.
Wildlife Habitat Evaluation
Authors: Gupta Peeyush , Goyal Swati
Published: November 2016

Before an individual can evaluate wildlife habitat and make management recommendations, some basic concepts about habitat and its relationships to different wildlife species should be understood. In this chapter, some of the basic concepts will be described; mainly analyzing of habitat alterations, landscape analysis, networking and creation of corridor between protected areas, wildlife habitat suitability analysis using Remote Sensing & GIS. Since most of the contest will be based on these concepts. Like other natural resource fields, wildlife management is both an art and science that deals with complex interactions in the environment. This means that management includes art or judgment based on experience as well as sound factual information based on scientific studies.
Measuring Dynamics of Ecological Footprint as an Index of Environmental Sustainability at the Regional Level using Geospatial Information Technology
Authors: Sharma Laxmikant , Sinha Suman
Published: November 2016

Ecological Footprint (EF) analysis is the spatial measurement of ecological load exerted by the humans on the earth that arises from the concept of sustainability and sustainable use of Earth's resources. A region-based EF study is conducted for Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (India) campus to improve its sustainability. Highlight of the study is the explicitness of the methodology for determining the EF that incorporates analysis derived from conversion factors mentioned in the Ecological Footprint consultancy publications along with inputs from GIS domain. Questionnaire-based survey from the respondents regarding resource utilization and geospatial enumeration of land use land cover that harbors the population and their resources are the two integral parts of the analysis. Total EF of the institution campus is calculated to be 0.645 gha/ individual. This analysis provides a strong framework for combining efforts in a manner that can communicate the immediate priorities for improving the sustainability strategy of the campus area.
A Key Management Scheme for Secure Communications Based on Smart Grid Requirements (KMS-CL-SG)
Authors: Alohali Bashar , Kifayat Kashif , Shi Qi , Hurst William
Published: November 2016

Over the last decade, Internet of Things (IoTs) have brought radical changes to the means and forms of communication for monitoring and control of a large number of applications including Smart Grid (SG). Traditional energy networks have been modernized to SGs to boost the energy industry in the context of efficient and effective power management, performance, real-time control and information flow using two-way communication between utility provides and end-users. However, integrating two-way communication in SG comes at the cost of cyber security vulnerabilities and challenges. In the context of SG, node compromise is a severe security threat due to the fact that a compromised node can significantly impact the operations and security of the SG network. Therefore, in this chapter, Key Management Scheme for Communication Layer in the Smart Grid (KMS-CL-SG) has proposed. In order to achieve a secure end-to-end communication we assign a unique key to each node in the group.
Smart Control Strategy for Small-Scale Photovoltaic Systems Connected to Single-Phase Grids
Authors: Yahyaoui Imene , Tadeo Fernando , Vieira Segatto Marcelo Eduardo
Published: November 2016

This research chapter is concerned with the control of a photovoltaic powered plant connected to a single-phase grid. The system is equipped with dc–dc converters, which allow the panels' maximum power point to be tracked, and the voltage at their terminals to be regulated. Power is injected into the grid using an adequate control of a single-phase inverter connected to a filter and loads. In this research chapter, the active and reactive powers are controlled using the Voltage Oriented Control strategy, taking into account the grid and the loads characteristics. The control strategy is tested by simulation, and the obtained results prove its performance even under solar radiation change.
Impact of Technology-Enhanced Language Learning on the Writing Skills of Engineering Students
Authors: Ahluwalia Gurleen , Gupta Deepti
Published: November 2016

The present case study investigates the effectiveness of technology use in the writing skills of the students at the tertiary level. The subjects of this research were 80 students of an engineering college of Punjab, India. The project was implemented on the basis of the experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. At the outset of the project, all the subjects were given a standardized writing test. Following which, the students of the experimental group were made to perform their writing activities using technology in the language lab throughout the semester. Thereafter their performance was assessed and the results were further compared with the students of the control group as well as with their own performance in the pre-test. The results revealed that the achievement in the writing skills of the students under treatment improved significantly. Lastly, the researcher elicited information about students' perceptions on the use of technological tools.
Mastering Technology-Enhanced Language Learning, Computer-Assisted Language Learning, and Mobile-Assisted Language Learning
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: November 2016

This chapter explains the overview of Technology-Enhanced Language Learning (TELL); the overview of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL); the relationship between Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) and language learning; the overview of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL); and the technological utilization for language learning in the digital age. TELL, CALL, and MALL significantly deal with the impact of technology on teaching and learning the second language or foreign language. TELL, CALL, and MALL are the utilization of the advanced devices as the technological innovation to display multimedia as the modern language learning methods in the digital age. TELL, CALL, and MALL effectively improve learning motivation and develop better attitudes in students and language learners toward language learning. The chapter argues that encouraging the applications of TELL, CALL, and MALL has the potential to improve language learning performance and reach strategic goals in the modern language learning environments.
Design for Multimedia Art and Engineering Education
Authors: Napieralska Joanna Krystyna , Skarbek Wladyslaw Kazimierz , Modelski Jozef Wieslaw
Published: November 2016

By developing a syllabus of The International Master's Degree in multiMEDIA – technology, design, and management we have found that the problem-oriented approach for syllabus definition appears to be an efficient tool to ensure the expected by the industry requirements for multimedia art and engineering curriculum. The idea of multidisciplinary team training run by the Warsaw institutions, namely, the University of Technology, Fryderyk Chopin University of Music and Academy of Fine Arts is to ensure cross-field education at the technologically and artistically competitive level and to form up the teams ready to function at the commercial market. The software tools used by designing the syllabus (Word -> mRST -> LaTex -> PDF) made the transition from the project descriptions (in Word) to the final syllabus document (in PDF), semiautomatic. Based on the themes extracted from the projects by a Python application the electronic textbooks have been written for TiddlyWiki5 web platform.