bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemostatic defects in massive transfusion: rapid diagnosis and management
Authors: Reiss RF
Published: November 2019

Severe hemostatic defects that occur during massive transfusion are related to the volume of blood transfused, preexisting hemostatic abnormalities, concomitant pathologic changes, and therapeutic maneuvers. The relative role of each factor in the bleeding can be rapidly determined by using routine clinical laboratory tests. This determination requires an understanding of the properties of selected clotting factors, what coagulation screening tests measure, how these tests behave as the levels of factors change, and test profiles characteristic of different defects. Screening tests include platelet count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen level. These tests are generally available on an emergent basis and can be completed within 25 minutes. The pattern associated with hemodilution is universal in massive transfusion. Patterns characteristic of the other pathologic processes that may be encountered are simply superimposed on the characteristics of hemodilution. Successful management of the contributing causes of bleeding depends on the administration of the appropriate blood components in the dose necessary to ensure that the levels of platelets and clotting factors are returned to and maintained at hemostatic levels.
Gender differences in acute coronary events
Authors: Keller KB , Lemberg L
Published: November 2019

The most frequent cause of death among women in the United States is coronary heart disease, which claims 200,000 lives a year. The prognosis with either medical or surgical therapy is worse in females than in males. The following significant gender differences have been observed and reported: (1) the rate of early death following acute myocardial infarction is greater in women, (2) the difference between sexes remains whether or not thrombolytic therapy is used, and (3) the hospital mortality rate following coronary angioplasty, atherectomy, or bypass surgery is greater in females. The reasons for these gender differences are not clearly understood. Nevertheless, awareness of the higher morbidity and mortality in women dictates the need for early detection and more aggressive therapy of the risk factors. However, diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension are 2 well-established major risk factors for coronary disease and stroke that are more prevalent in the female gender. These 2 risk factors are cumulative and require more intensive and aggressive therapy to prevent acute vascular events, and therefore early detection is mandatory.
Predictors of atrial dysrhythmias for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: De Jong MJ , Morton PG
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass grafting is a commonly used and effective procedure for treating coronary artery disease. Atrial dysrhythmias are common after this surgery, but definitive characteristics that predict the development of such dysrhythmias postoperatively have not been determined. OBJECTIVES: To determine demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors that are predictive of atrial dysrhythmias that occur after coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: A descriptive design was used to study a convenience sample (N = 162) of adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Data were collected via prospective chart review. Patients were grouped according to whether or not atrial dysrhythmias developed after coronary artery bypass grafting. Univariate analyses followed by multivariate analyses were conducted by using forward stepwise logistic regression to determine variables that are predictive of atrial dysrhythmias after coronary artery bypass grafting. RESULTS: Postoperative atrial dysrhythmias developed in 52 patients (32.1%). Univariate predictors of postoperative atrial dysrhythmias included older age (P < .001) and presence of right coronary artery disease (P = .004). Multivariate predictors of postoperative atrial dysrhythmias included age (odds ratio by decade = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.86-2.00, P < .001) and right coronary artery disease (odds ratio = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.14-6.23, P = .02). Hospital stay was significantly longer (P = .003) in patients who had postoperative atrial dysrhythmias than in patients who did have these dysrhythmias. CONCLUSIONS: Age and right coronary artery disease can be used to predict which patients will be at increased risk for atrial dysrhythmias after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Heart failure: update on treatment and prognosis
Authors: Futterman LG , Lemberg L
Published: November 2019

HF is a prevalent and debilitating disease, affecting nearly 5 million patients and perhaps an equal number with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction who are at high risk of atrial fibrillation developing. An estimated 550,000 new cases occur every year. HF is the most common diagnosis in hospitalized patients aged 65 and over and is a major cause of death. The median survival after onset is 1.7 years in men and 3.2 years in women. The majority of cardiac deaths in patients with HF are sudden and arrhythmogenic: the rest are due to progressive hemodynamic deterioration. A significant advance in the past decade has been the recognition of the importance of inhibiting the neurohormonal action in HF with the use of beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor, and aldosterone antagonists. In addition, a new concept in HF therapy has evolved. The view that chronic HF is an irreversible, end-stage process is being supplanted by the fact that it is possible to effect biological improvement in the intrinsic defects of function and structure in hearts afflicted with chronic HF. Reversibility of HF has been reported by (1) unloading the failing heart using an LVAD, (2) the sophisticated use of diuretic combinations and neurohormonal blocking drugs, or (3) employing continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration. Thus it is now possible to reverse a process that has long been considered irreversible. Exercise programs designed for patients with HF that have been advocated recently can be difficult to apply. Fine tuning of an exercise regimen is required because a reduction in cardiac work is mandatory when treating HF, where the concern is that the heart may not be capable of supplying the metabolic needs of the body, even in resting states. Finally, although not emphasized in the recent literature on HF, the use of diuretics and sodium restriction continue to be the mainstays of therapy without which compensation of HF is not possible.
Critical Care Nurses’ Beliefs About and Reported Management of Anxiety
Authors: Frazier Susan K. , Moser Debra K. , Daley Linda K. , McKinley Sharon , Riegel Barbara , Garvin Bonnie J. , An Kyungeh
Published: November 2019

• Background Anxiety is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Critical care nurses are uniquely positioned to reduce anxiety in their patients. Critical care nurses’ beliefs about and frequency of use of strategies to reduce anxiety have not been studied.

• Objectives To explore critical care nurses’ beliefs about the importance of anxiety management and to describe nurses’ reported use of strategies to manage anxiety in their patients.

• Methods A random sample (N = 2500) of members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses was asked to complete the Critical Care Nurse Anxiety Identification and Management Survey.

• Results Respondents (n = 783) were primarily female (92%), white (88.5%) staff nurses (74.1%) who thought that anxiety is potentially harmful (mean, 4.1; SD, 0.8; range, 1 = no harm to 5 = life-threatening harm), that anxiety management is important (mean, 4.8; SD, 0.6; range, 1 = not important to 5 = very important), and that effective anxiety management is beneficial (mean, 4.6; SD, 0.6; range, 1 = no benefit to 5 = profound benefit). A majority commonly used pharmacological management; most also used information and communication interventions. Fewer subjects used the presence of patients’ family members to alleviate patients’ anxiety; few reported using stress-reduction techniques.

• Conclusion Most respondents thought that treating anxiety is important and beneficial. Commonly used strategies included pharmacological relief of anxiety and pain and information and communication interventions. Although these strategies are useful, they may not effectively reduce anxiety in all patients.
Frequency and Outcomes of Transient Myocardial Ischemia in Critically Ill Adults Admitted for Noncardiac Conditions
Authors: Booker Kathy J. , Holm Karyn , Drew Barbara J. , Lanuza Dorothy M. , Hicks Frank D. , Carrigan Tim , Wright Michelle , Moran John
Published: November 2019

• Background Critically ill adults admitted for noncardiac conditions are at risk for acute myocardial ischemia.

• Objectives To detect myocardial ischemia and injury in patients admitted for noncardiac conditions and to examine the relationship of myocardial ischemia, injury, and acuity to cardiac events.

• Methods Transient myocardial ischemia, acuity, elevations in serum troponin I, and in-hospital cardiac events were examined in 76 consecutive patients. Transient myocardial ischemia, determined by using continuous electrocardiography, was defined as a 1-mm (0.1-mV) change in ST level from baseline to event in 1 or more leads lasting 1 or more minutes. Acuity was determined by scores on Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II.

• Results A total of 37 ischemic events were detected in 8 patients (10.5%); 32 (86%) were ST-segment depressions, and 35 (96%) were silent. Twelve patients (15.8%) had elevated levels of troponin I. Transient myocardial ischemia, elevated troponin I levels, and advanced age were significant predictors of cardiac complications (R2 = 0.387, F = 15.2, P < .001). Acuity correlated only modestly with increased length of stay in the intensive care unit (r = 0.26, P = .02) and elevated troponin I levels (r = 0.25, P = .03). Patients with transient myocardial ischemia had significantly higher rates of elevations in troponin I (P < .001) and cardiac events (P < .001) than did patients without.

• Conclusions Transient myocardial ischemia and advanced age are predictors of cardiac events and may indicate patients at risk for cardiac events.
Life Support Withdrawal: Communication and Conflict
Authors: Norton Sally A. , Tilden Virginia P. , Tolle Susan W. , Nelson Christine A. , Eggman Susan Talamantes
Published: November 2019

• Background Skillful communication between and among clinicians and patients’ families at the patients’ end of life is essential for decision making. Yet communication can be particularly difficult during stressful situations such as when a family member is critically ill. This is especially the case when families are faced with choices about forgoing life-sustaining treatment.

• Objectives Data from a larger study on treatment withdrawal (n = 74) indicated that the family members (n = 20) of some patients experienced conflict with clinicians during decision making. This secondary analysis was done to examine and describe the communication difficulties from the perspectives of patients’ family members who experienced conflict with clinicians about the care and treatment of the patients during withdrawal of life support.

• Methods A qualitative descriptive analysis of family members (n = 20, representing 12 decedents) who experienced conflict.

• Results Families described several unmet communication needs during the often rapid shift from aggressive treatment to palliative care. These needs included the need for timely information, the need for honesty, the need for clinicians to be clear, the need for clinicians to be informed, and the need for clinicians to listen.

• Conclusions Although family members who experienced conflict were in the minority of the larger study sample, their concerns and needs are important for clinicians to examine. Paying careful attention to these communication needs could reduce the occurrence of conflict between clinicians and patients’ families in caring for dying patients and reduce stress for all involved.
Critical Care Nurses’ Perceptions of Futile Care and Its Effect on Burnout
Authors: Meltzer Lilia Susana , Huckabay Loucine Missak
Published: November 2019

• Background Nurses’ perceptions of futile care may lead to emotional exhaustion.

• Objectives To determine the relationship between critical care nurses’ perceptions of futile care and its effect on burnout.

• Methods A descriptive survey design was used with 60 critical care nurses who worked full-time and had a minimum of 1 year of critical care experience at the 2 participating hospitals (350–470 beds). Subjects completed a survey on demographics, the Moral Distress Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Six research questions were tested. The results of the following question are presented: Is there a relationship between frequency of moral distress situations involving futile care and emotional exhaustion?

• Results A Pearson product moment correlational analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between the score on the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the score on the frequency subscale of the Moral Distress Scale. Moral distress accounted for 10% of the variance in emotional exhaustion. Demographic variables of age, education, religion, and rotation between the critical care units were significantly related to the major variables.

• Conclusions In critical care nurses, the frequency of moral distress situations that are perceived as futile or nonbeneficial to their patients has a significant relationship to the experience of emotional exhaustion, a main component of burnout.
Cannulation Injury of the Radial Artery: Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Authors: Wallach Steven G.
Published: November 2019

Cannulation of the radial artery can result in complications ranging from arterial thrombosis, arterial aneurysm, compartment syndrome, infection, nerve injury, and skin necrosis to possible thumb or even hand necrosis if not recognized and treated early. The anatomy of the radial artery, the diagnosis of injury, and a treatment algorithm are presented so that potential devastating hand complications can be avoided.
Cardiovascular Single-Unit Stay: A Case Study in Change
Authors: Clark Elizabeth I. , Roberts Constance L. , Traylor Karen C.
Published: November 2019

A cardiovascular single-unit-stay program began at North Memorial Medical Center, Robbinsdale, Minn, in January 2000. Before then, cardiac surgery patients had been admitted to the intensive care unit directly from the operating room and then transferred to the postcoronary care unit on postoperative day 1 or 2. The traditional care delivery model created multiple transfers and delays in care, which often led to dissatisfaction among patients, increased costs, and greater potential for errors. The cardiovascular single-unit-stay program allows patients to stay in the same room with a consistent care team throughout the patients’ postoperative course. Decreased lengths of stay, decreased morbidity and mortality, increased satisfaction among patients and their families, and improved collaboration between members of the multidisciplinary team are just a few of the positive trends since the program’s inception.
Optimism, Satisfaction With Needs Met, Interpersonal Perceptions of the Healthcare Team, and Emotional Distress in Patients’ Family Members During Critical Care Hospitalization
Authors: Auerbach Stephen M. , Kiesler Donald J. , Wartella Jennifer , Rausch Sarah , Ward Kevin R. , Ivatury Rao
Published: November 2019

• Background Families of critical care patients experience high levels of emotional distress. Access to information about patients’ medical conditions and quality relationships with healthcare staff are high-priority needs for these families.

• Objectives To assess satisfaction with needs met, signs and symptoms of acute stress disorder, interpersonal perception of healthcare staff, level of optimism, and the relationships among these variables in patients’ family members.

• Methods Family representatives of 40 patients were administered a brief version of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory, the Acute Stress Disorder Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Impact Message Inventory, and the Life Orientation Test shortly after admission of the patients to the intensive care unit and after discharge.

• Results Levels of dissociative symptoms associated with acute stress disorder were elevated in family members just after admission but decreased significantly after discharge. Needs the families thought were least satisfactorily cared for after admission involved lack of information. Interpersonally, attending physicians were viewed as more controlling than bedside nurses at admission; nurses were viewed as more affiliative than physicians both at admission and after discharge. At admission, higher optimism of the family members was strongly related to greater satisfaction with needs met, to perceptions of affiliation from physicians, and to perceptions of not being controlled by physicians.

• Conclusions More interpersonal contact with medical staff can help meet the information needs of patients’ families. Nurses may aid in families’ adjustment by fostering a sense of optimism in family members and encouraging them to participate in the patients’ care.
Understanding Treatment-Seeking Delay in Women with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Descriptions of Decision-Making Patterns
Authors: Rosenfeld Anne G. , Lindauer Allison , Darney Blair G.
Published: November 2019

• Background Women delay seeking treatment for symptoms of acute myocardial infarction longer than men delay. Women’s delay time has not been thoroughly characterized.

• Objectives To qualitatively describe the period between the onset of symptoms of myocardial infarction and enactment of the decision to seek care (decision time) and to identify common patterns of cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to the symptoms (decision trajectories).

• Methods In this qualitative study, 52 women were asked in semistructured interviews to describe the symptoms and related thoughts, decisions, and actions from the onset of symptoms of myocardial infarction to arrival at the hospital. Narrative analysis was used to examine the stories and to identify patterns of decision-making behavior.

• Results Six common patterns of behavior during the decision time were identified: knowing and going, knowing and letting someone take over, knowing and going on the patient’s own terms, knowing and waiting, managing an alternative hypothesis, and minimizing. The patterns were further grouped as knowing or managing. Women in the 2 groups (knowing and managing) differed primarily in their awareness and interpretations of the symptoms and in their patterns of behavior in seeking treatment.

• Conclusions Women’s delay in seeking treatment for symptoms of myocardial infarction can be categorized into distinct patterns. Clinicians can use knowledge of these patterns to detect responses and situations that can decrease decision time in future cardiac events and to educate women about how to respond to cardiac symptoms.
Propofol Infusion Syndrome: A Case of Increasing Morbidity With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Sabsovich Ilya , Rehman Zia , Yunen Jose , Coritsidis George
Published: November 2019

A previously healthy 16-year-old boy with a closed, severe traumatic brain injury was admitted to a surgical and trauma intensive care unit. He was given a continuous infusion of propofol for sedation and to control intracranial pressure. About 3 days after the propofol infusion was started, metabolic acidosis and rhabdomyolysis developed. Acute renal failure ensued as a result of the rhabdomyolysis. Tachycardia with wide QRS complexes developed without hyperkalemia. The patient died of refractory cardiac dysrhythmia and circulatory collapse approximately 36 hours after the first signs of propofol infusion syndrome appeared. Propofol infusion syndrome is a rare but frequently fatal complication in critically ill children who are given prolonged high-dose infusions of the drug. The syndrome is characterized by severe metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, refractory myocardial failure, and hyperlipidemia. Despite several publications on the subject in the past decade, most cases still seem to remain undetectable.
Congenital intracardiac shunting in the adult: outline for nursing care
Authors: Waggoner PC
Published: November 2019

Adults with an untreated intracardiac shunt present a unique challenge to the critical care nurse. The disease process necessitates an understanding of cardiac anatomy and physiology in order to determine the etiology of the cardiac defect and resulting shunt. An understanding of fluid and pressure dynamics is also of importance since anatomic shunting alters usual adult hemodynamics. Arterial and mixed venous oximetry monitoring is most helpful in determining the response to therapies. One must rethink some of the hemodynamic goals that are traditionally used in caring for adults with primary left ventricular dysfunction. Therapeutic response is usually limited to a narrow hemodynamic range. Many of these patients have superimposed health problems such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and cigarette smoking. Therefore, the critical care nurse is confronted with caring for a patient with unique problems that test creativity and assessment skills.
Introducing student nurses to critical care: shadow a critical care nurse
Authors: Kerstein MB , Hasler M
Published: November 2019

The lack of student experience in critical care makes it difficult for graduate nurses to anticipate what expectations and demands might confront them in intensive care. Consequently, some new graduates discounted critical care as an opportunity available to them. Our institution believed that critical care had special qualities and if those qualities could be demonstrated to nurses, recruitment would improve. An unexpected benefit from the program was the positive staff nurse response to showcasing their skills and expertise. The success of the program was evidenced by the student evaluations and the hiring of students. To date, seven nursing students out of 20 who attended the program have been hired by the hospital. The long-term impact of the program on retention and recruitment is difficult to predict. The department will track these students, as they do all new hires; however, the initial success warranted continuation of the program. Student response to the program has resulted in plans to expand the "shadow a nurse" concept housewide to showcase the nursing specialities such as rehabilitation, maternal/child health, oncology, orthopedics, chemical dependency, and critical care. Current planning involves designing a program aimed toward high school students, with the goal of encouraging young people to consider nursing as a career.
Lipid physiology and nutritional considerations in coronary heart disease
Authors: Hadley SA , Saarmann L
Published: November 2019

Most authorities recommend a prudent diet, moderate exercise, and the maintenance of ideal body weight Although lowering total cholesterol and LDL levels has been demonstrated to lower CHD risk, the results of major clinical trials do not indicate a reduction in overall mortality. CHD is a complicated, multifaceted disease. In addition to recognized risk factors, there may be many more that have yet to be identified. With this in mind, it is important that the nurse does not place unmitigated stress on patients to make radical changes in diet and lifestyle. Moderation is the key in striking a balance between a prudent dietary regimen and the stress that such a regimen might induce. It would be wrong to lead patients to believe that dietary intervention will provide a panacea for all their ills. The adoption of a prudent diet can reduce the incidence of CHD morbidity. The benefits of lowering serum cholesterol may lie more in overall physical and psychologic fitness rather than longevity.
Pulmonary management of children after cardiac surgery
Authors: Hultgren MS
Published: November 2019

Nursing assessment, planning, interventions, and evaluation play a major role in the successful respiratory management of infants and children following cardiac surgery. A thorough understanding of the anatomy, physiology, treatment, and nursing assessment and care of these patients is necessary for complete and speedy postoperative recoveries. This article has attempted to highlight the major points in providing optimal levels of nursing care to these challenging patients.
The revised JCAHO nursing care standards: areas of emphasis
Authors: Alspach JG
Published: November 2019

The 1991 JCAHO nursing care standards represent a fundamental shift in the focus of the survey and accreditation processes from specifying the means to clarifying the ends of nursing services and from prescribing structures and processes to clarifying the intended outcomes of nursing care. As critical care nurses prepare to meet the compliance requirements of these new accreditation standards, it will be helpful to keep in mind that our services are nursing care, nursing management, and nursing education or research, but our purpose is quality nursing care.
Telemetry: who's watching the monitor?
Authors: Hitchens M
Published: November 2019

The decision whether to use monitor watchers is not a simple one. Although a majority of respondents in a recent survey indicated that their units employed monitor watchers, debate on their use continues. The AHA provides support through the establishment of practice guidelines for ECG monitoring. Regardless of the debate, the overall goal in any system--employing monitor watchers or not--is to obtain desired patient outcomes.
Using jugular venous catheters in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kidd KC , Criddle L
Published: November 2019

Sjo2 monitoring has several important limitations, such as catheter reliability, sampling error, and lack of regional specificity. However, combining Sjo2 monitoring with other available technologies can facilitate optimization of treatment and improve outcomes in patients with severe brain injuries.
Natural leaf packs and invertebrates in a tropical stream: Is there a functional relationship?
Authors: Walpola Hiranthi , Leichtfried Maria , Füreder Leopold
Published: November 2019

Naturally occurring leaf packs in five sites along the elevation gradient in Eswathu Oya stream in Sri Lanka were sampled and analysed for species composition of leaves and benthic macroinvertebrates. Eswathu Oya is a perennial, low order, mountain stream in the wet climatic zone of Sri Lanka. Leaves of only five species of plants were found in all sites – Hevea brasiliensis, Ochlandra stridula, Alstonia macrophylla, Terminalia arjuna and Melia azedarach. In each sampling site Hevea brasiliensis and Ochlandra stridula leaves were found in higher abundance. The contribution of other leaves varied with the site. Diptera larvae of the family Chironomidae, were the dominant group of leaf colonizing animals. The relative abundance of Chironomidae decreased along the elevation gradient in the down-stream. Gathering Collectors (GC) were the dominant functional feeding group (FFG) found in all leaf packs, but their abundance decreased along the downstream elevation gradient. Shredders were not present, as reported from some other tropical streams. Predators and Scrapers were increased along the downstream gradient. Filtering Collectors and Pierce-Herbivores did not show a clear pattern. The study documents that macro invertebrate communities responded to change in water quality, availability of leaves and their nutritional quality along the elevation gradient in Eswathu Oya, Sri Lanka.
Proceedings of the XXXIX National Meeting of the Italian Society for the Study of Connective Tissues (SISC)
Authors: Alberto Passi President:
Published: November 2019

Proceedings of the XXXIX National Meeting of the Italian Society for the Study of Connective Tissues (SISC),  8-9 November 2019, Sassari, Italy
Flow diversion for the treatment of petrous internal carotid artery aneurysms
Authors: Ghali Michael , Binning Mandy
Published: November 2019

Petrous internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms are rare and pose a unique management dilemma. They are most commonly fusiform. They are difficult to treat surgically and typically not amenable to selective aneurysmal obliteration. The advent of flow diverters, such as the Pipeline endovascular device, has offered a new approach to these historically challenging lesions. The unique utility of flow diversion in treatment of petrous ICA aneurysms is reviewed and discussed.
Spontaneous intracranial extradural hematoma secondary to hypofibrinogenemia: A rare case report
Authors: Prabhu Santosh , Agarwal Sidharth , Prabhu Sujata
Published: November 2019

Spontaneous extradural hematoma is a well-documented but fairly rare condition, which can be associated with conditions such as vascular malformations, sickle cell disease, metastasis to the skull, infectious diseases of the skull, coagulation disorders, and use of anticoagulants. Of these, very few cases are of life-threatening extradural hematomas in adults, where hypofibrinogenemia is the cause of bleed, without any history of trauma. In this report, we have discussed the management of such a patient.
The Depressed Heart
Authors: Perry Seth W. , Licinio Julio , Wong Ma-Li
Published: November 2019

Our appreciation and understanding of the interrelationships between disrupted metabolic function and depression have increased significantly over the last few decades. This review focuses still more specifically on the intersections between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). General pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in both diseases include inflammation, cytokine and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysregulation, oxidative stress, neurotransmitter disruptions, neuroplasticity, and the microbiome. Here, we explore these mechanistic overlaps of depression and CVD, including some discussion of related and frequently comorbid disorders, such as obesity and diabetes, and the closely related “metabolic syndrome.” Finally, we discuss integrated therapeutic strategies for treating MDD comorbid with CVD.
Emotional Stress-induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Acute Heart Failure, and Atrial Fibrillation in the Same Patient
Authors: Ivanovic Branislava , Tadic Marijana
Published: November 2019

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient systolic dysfunction of apical and central parts of the left ventricle in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Usually, it is triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. The prognosis tends to be good. Rare complications include heart failure, cardiogenic shock, left ventricular free wall rupture, and cardiac arrhythmia. We present a patient with takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicated by acute heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The symptoms appeared due to emotional stress. This case highlights acute emotional stress as a potent trigger for transient myocardial dysfunction with acute heart failure and rhythm disturbance.
Pyramids and 2-representations
Authors: Mazorchuk Volodymyr , Miemietz Vanessa , Zhang Xiaoting
Published: November 2019

We describe a diagrammatic procedure which lifts strict monoidal actions from additive categories to categories of complexes avoiding any use of direct sums. As an application, we prove that every simple transitive 2-representation of the 2-category of projective bimodules over a finite dimensional algebra is equivalent to a cell 2-representation.
Pain in the Arts
Authors: Tusa John
Published: November 2019

Over a distinguished career in cultural leadership, management and journalism spanning almost 30 years, John Tusa has amassed a unique experience of the arts world, the political controversies it faces and the battles it continues to fight. His new book is a fearless and passionate defence of the performing and visual arts at a time of increasing ‘Pain in the Arts.’ Tusa explains how the arts are run and why they are worth speaking up for. He addresses the controversies in the arts that must be resolved today: should they be useful before they are excellent? Can they ever turn their backs on the past if they are to be creative in the present? He offers guidance on how the arts can survive in a downturn and why they should always make the case that they deserve special treatment. He also draws on his five years to date as Chair of the Clore Leadership Programme to discuss the increasingly complex questions- practical, personal, professional- that today’s and tomorrow’s cultural leaders must face, including the qualities of character needed to succeed and what a revolution in arts leadership might achieve. He also reveals the pitfalls of managerialist language.

The backdrop throughout is John Tusa’s personal story of discovery and love of the culture he strives to defend in hard times.
The Delirious Museum
Authors: Storrie Calum
Published: November 2019

The Delirious Museum gives a new interpretation of the relationship between the museum and the city in the twenty-first century. It presents an original view of the idea of the museum, proposing that it is, or should be, both a repository of the artefacts of the past and a continuation of the city street in the present. Storrie reviews our experience of the city and of the museum taking a journey that begins in the Louvre and continues through Paris, London, Los Angeles and Las Vegas, re-imagining the possibilities for museums and their displays and reexamining the blurred boundaries between museums and the cities around them. On his quest for ‘The Delirious Museum’, he visits the museum architecture of Soane and Libeskind, the exhibitions of Lissitsky and Kiesler and the work of such artists as Duchamp and Warhol. Calum Storrie's premise is that the museum and the city street are continuous with one another: the city is a delirious museum, overlaid with levels of history and multiple objects open to many interpretations just as museums and their contents are.

In support of his theme, he draws on multiple sources, from Walter Benjamin, Daniel Libeskind & Greil Marcus through Paul Auster and Peter Ackroyd, to Stephen Bayley, Norman Bryson & Sadie Plant and takes readers on a stimulating journey through cities and museums worldwide. Serious general readers interested in urban culture, design and architecture, as well as professional architects, cultural studies and museology academics will enjoy the book, which is beautifully illustrated in black and white.
Alphaville
Authors: Darke Chris
Published: November 2019

A striking black-and-white hybrid of film noir and science fiction, Alphaville (1965) is now one of the most enduringly popular of Jean-Luc Godard's films of the 1960s. Working without sets, special effects, or even a script, Godard created a dystopian vision of a technocratic city of the future, which resonates with filmmakers today. Alphaville pits secret agent Lemmy Caution (Eddie Constantine) against Alpha 60, the super-computer that presides over a city where weeping is outlawed, poetry goes unrecognised and the words ‘conscience’ and ‘love’ have ceased to exist. Lemmy's mission is to capture the renegade scientist Professor von Braun (Howard Vernon) but is complicated when he falls in love with the Professor's ravishing daughter, Natasha (Anna Karina). In this first ever exploration of Godard's masterpiece, published on the fortieth anniversary of its release, Chris Darke uncovers the film's unique combination of genres and styles and draws on new interviews with the director's collaborators to chronicle the film's production.

Analysing Alphaville in its historical context, he also examines how the film influenced Godard's later work, as well as exploring Alphaville's ‘afterlife’ in the work of other filmmakers and artists.
Why Buffy Matters
Authors: Wilcox Rhonda
Published: November 2019

Buffy is still on screens and on DVD in home television libraries of a wide array of TV watchers and fans. This is also the student text for TV and cultural studies at colleges and universities where Buffy is widely taught. Rhonda Wilcox is a world authority on "Buffy the Vampire Slayer", who has been writing and lecturing about the show since its arrival on our screens. This book is the distillation of this remarkable body of work and thought, a celebration of the series that she proposes is an aesthetic test case for television. Buffy is enduring as art, she argues, by exploring its own possibilities for long-term construction as well as producing individual episodes that are powerful in their own right. She examines therefore the larger patterns that extend through many episodes: the hero myth, the imagery of light, naming symbolism, Spike, sex and redemption, Buffy Summers compared and contrasted with Harry Potter. She then moves in to focus on individual episodes, such as the "Buffy musical Once More, with Feeling", the largely silent Hush and the dream episode "Restless" (T.S. Eliot comes to television). She also examines Buffy's ways of making meaning - from literary narrative and symbolism to visual imagery and sound. Combining great intelligence and wit, written for the wide Buffy readership, this is the worthy companion to the show that has claimed and kept the minds and hearts of watchers worldwide.
Unframed
Authors: Betterton Rosemary
Published: November 2019

Women’s painting is undergoing a vibrant revival, yet has been little explored in writing or modern visual culture. Unframed is an examination of women’s contemporary painting. It presents writing with practitioners who engage with theory and critical theorists who deal directly with contemporary practice. All contributors reflect on their own practice and that of other women painters and theorists, whose common aim is to develop innovative ways of thinking about, and through, painting by women. The book focuses on current debates on gender, subjectivity, spectatorship and painting, and moves them forward into the second millennium. It should appeal to a range of readers, including scholars, students, artists and gallery visitors.
The 39 Steps
Authors: Glancy Mark
Published: November 2019

The British Film Guides are a fresh departure for the Cinema and Society series, each telling the story of an important British film, presented and priced for a readership spanning scholars, students and general film enthusiasts. These compact guides, based on new and original research, present each film’s historical and cinematic context within its decade, genre and director’s body of work; details of its production history; a full analysis of the film itself; and a survey of critical response to the film up to the present.

Combining humour and thrills in equal measure, The 39 Steps (1935) is one of Alfred Hitchcock’s masterpieces. The film established Hitchcock’s reputation internationally as ‘the master of suspense’. It also inspired two remakes, in 1959 and again in 1978. Mark Glancy’s fresh reassessment of the film examines the work of screenwriter Charles Bennett and precedents set in Hitchcock’s earlier films. It follows the intriguing circumstances of its production and presents an original and close analysis of the film itself. It also explores the film’s critical and cinematic legacies. This is a revealing and highly readable new account of a landmark British film.
Hollywood Riots
Authors: Dibbern Doug
Published: November 2019

The large literature about the politics of Hollywood in the period of McCarthy and the blacklist has largely overlooked political filmmaking during those agitated years. “Hollywood Riots” examines the most vibrant cycle of independently produced political films made while House Committee on Un-American Activities was investigating communists in the film industry. In doing so, it shifts the focus from the politics of Washington to the politics of Los Angeles and from the films of the Hollywood Ten to the more politically complex films of the progressive community at large. Dibbern shows how the movies produced by progressives at the end of the 1950s, including “The Lawless”, “The Sound of Fury”, “The Underworld”, were the logical cinematic parallel to their political and journalistic advocacy fighting the conservative newspapers. In these films they were recasting political events from California’s recent past as politically-engaged narratives that were inflected with their own fears of persecution.”

Hollywood Riots” re-views the work of notable directors like Joseph Losey and Cy Endfield, as well as introducing unheralded political screenwriters and directors such as Daniel Mainwaring, Jo Pagano, and Leo C. Popkin.
Television and Consumer Culture
Authors: Turnock Rob
Published: November 2019

The radical expansion of television broadcasting in the post-war years and beyond both reflected and promoted a cultural revolution sweeping across British society. Reaching out to a mass audience for the first time, the new television industry made visible the transition from drab austerity and seeming cultural consensus to the brash, heady glitz and individualism of the new consumer age."Television and Consumer Culture" explores television's institutional, technological and programming developments during this period, revealing how genres as different as action adventure series, serious dramas, situation comedies and quiz and game shows simultaneously promoted both consumer culture and class conflict. Drawing on historical analysis and sociological theory, and looking at issues such as celebrity, scheduling, intimacy and sociability, Turnock argues that television during this era established and promoted itself as a culturally powerful force, a fact that has implications for the way that media power is understood to operate today.
Rififi
Authors: Phillips Alastair
Published: November 2019

Du rififi chez les hommes (1955), directed by the exiled American film director Jules Dassin, recounts the nail-biting tale of a Parisian gangster heist gone wrong. Famed for its extended dialogue-free robbery sequence, it is both a classic French film noir and one of the greatest, most influential crime films. In this lively companion to the film, Alastair Phillips reveals Dassin’s role as a director of socially conscious Hollywood film noir and argues that his seminal contribution to the regeneration of the thriller in post-war France therefore uniquely complicated relations between French genre cinema and American mass culture. Phillips also examines the film’s innovative narrative construction and use of sound, its performance style and mise-en-scene, and discusses the film’s legacy, showing how even today, the term ‘Rififi’ remains a byword for both criminal glamour and the enduring virtues of French popular classical film making.
Rethinking Theatrical Documents in Shakespeare’s England
Authors: Lopez Jeremy , Arshad Yasmin , Tosh Will , Vaughan Virginia Mason , Tsukada Yuichi
Published: November 2019

This book is open access and available on https://www.bloomsburycollections.com. It is funded by Knowledge Unlatched.Rethinking Theatrical Documents brings together fifteen major scholars to analyse and theorise the documents, lost and found, that produced a play in Shakespeare’s England. Showing how the playhouse frantically generated paratexts, it explores a rich variety of entangled documents, some known and some unknown: from before the play (drafts, casting lists, actors’ parts); during the play (prologues, epilogues, title-boards); and after the play (playbooks, commonplace snippets, ballads) – though ‘before’, ‘during’ and ‘after’ intertwine in fascinating ways. By using collective intervention to rethink both theatre history and book history, it provides new ways of understanding plays critically, interpretatively, editorially, practically and textually.
The Architecture Of Freedom
Authors: Ladha Hassanaly
Published: November 2019

Through a radical reading of Hegel’s oeuvre, The Architecture of Freedom sets forth a theory of open borders centered on a new interpretation of the German philosopher’s related conceptions of language and the aesthetic, mastery and servitude, and subjectivity and the state.

The book’s argument turns on Hegel’s identification of “Africa” as a fluid, utopic space enabling the traversal of the East-West binary. As Hegel’s figure for the non-historical, Africa emerges as the negativity that propels the movement of the dialectic in time.

Mirroring the “shrouded” continent’s relation to history, Kantian “architectonics” step out of the realm of logic in Hegelian thought and drive the historical unfolding of the aesthetic. In a foundational move, Hegel hypostatizes the aesthetic entanglement of built and linguistic form as the colossus of Memnon, an African warrior memorialized in ancient architecture, myth, and art. Reaching for freedom, the Memnon marks the architectonic modality through which the African slave, at the telos of history, will fulfill the spiritual promise of the human and bring about the politically mature state.

The book examines the syncretic figure of the Memnon and slave across Hegel’s lecture courses, the Phenomenology of Spirit, the Encyclopedia, and the Philosophy of Right. Ultimately the book calls for a reassessment of a range of Hegelian philosophemes across disciplines in the humanities. This book will be of particular interest to scholars in philosophy, postcolonial and African studies, political theory, architecture, and historiography.
Low-temperature triple-capillary cryostat for ice crystal growth studies
Authors: Swanson Brian D. , Nelson Jon
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Ice crystals come in a remarkable variety of shapes and sizes that affect a cloud's radiative properties. To better understand the growth of these crystals, we built an improved capillary cryostat (CC2) designed to reduce potential instrumental artifacts that may have influenced earlier measurements. In CC2, a crystal forms at the end of one, two, or three well-separated, ultrafine capillaries to minimize both potential crystal–crystal and crystal–substrate interaction effects. The crystals can be initiated using several ice-nucleation modes. The cryostat has two vapor-source chambers on either side of the growth chamber, each allowing independent control of the growth chamber supersaturation. Crystals can be grown under a range of air pressures, and the supersaturation conditions in the growth chamber can be rapidly changed by switching between the two vapor-source chambers using a sliding valve. Crystals grow fixed to the capillary in a uniform, stagnant environment, and their orientation can be manipulated to measure the growth rate of each face. The high thermal mass of CC2 increases the stability and uniformity of the thermodynamic conditions surrounding the crystals. Here we describe the new instrument and present several sample observations.
Services Marketing and Medical Tourism: The Impact on Private Health Services in Bangkok
Authors: James Paul
Published: November 2019

This is a research paper that is concentrated on assessing service marketing developments and medical tourism and its impacts on the of private hospital provision in Bangkok, in terms of rationale, application and engagement.An interpretive methodology was utilised in order to help understand the senior marketing management perceptions underpinning hospital services marketing developments directed towards medical tourism. The scope for this research were private hospital on-site senior marketing teams. The population of interest was made up of 14 senior marketers located at multiple-site main health services offices.The research outcomes consisted of three (3) Main Themes - Health Services Marketing Management, Health Services Unit Internal Management and Services Marketing Developments; ten (10) sub-themes; with 244 discussion targets.The paper addresses a number of raised issues and establishes outcomes and implications for managing medical tourism within the private hospital sector in Bangkok.Very little research has been conducted in this area in Bangkok and the paper addresses health service issues/reactions to Medical Tourism as being unclear, tentative and requiring more effective and robust services marketing developments.