bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Hexagon Fraud in Detecting Fraud Financial Statements (Empirical Study on Financial Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017-2021)
Authors: Julia Julia , Yunita Anggraeni
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of hexagon fraud (stimulus, opportunity, rationalization, capability, ego, and collusion) in detecting financial statement fraud. The dependent variable used in this study is financial statement fraud as proxied by earning management, while the independent variables are financial target, financial stability, change in directors, ineffective monitoring, change in auditors, frequent number of CEO's picture, and political connection. This study uses secondary data in the form of financial reports and annual reports. The population in this study is the financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2021 as many as 89 companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method with a sample of 19 companies. The data analysis technique uses panel data regression analysis which is processed using the Eviews 12 program. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously financial targets, financial stability, change in directors, ineffective monitoring, change in auditors, frequent number of CEO's picture, and political connection have an effect on detecting financial statement fraud. Furthermore, partially financial targets and financial stability have a positive effect in detecting financial statement fraud. Meanwhile, change in director, ineffective monitoring, change in auditor, frequent number of CEO's picture, and political connection have no effect in detecting financial statement fraud.
RETRACTION NOTICE TO “Challenges in Hyflex Learning in Zambales, Philippines”
Authors: Mobo Froilan D. , Garcia Ana Liza R. , Talosig Jackson C
Published: December 2022

This article entitled “Challenges in Hyflex Learning in Zambales, Philippines” (2022), authored by Froilan D. Mobo, Ana Liza R. Garcia, and Jackson C. Talosig, published in Vol. 3, No. 10 of International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research. 3(10), 2150 – 2153 has been retracted as requested by the authors.
Efforts to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in Primary Education Fundamental Class through Group Investigation Model
Authors: Chairunnisa Connie
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to describe the application of Group Investigation Model (GIM) to improve students’ comprehension of subject concepts and their critical thinking skills and to understand the challenges faced by lecturers while practicing GIM in the classroom. The research approach used was a qualitative method of description involving 21 students who took the course of the Foundation of Education in the Education Administration study program at Muhammadiyah University of Prof.Dr.Hamka (Uhamka), Jakarta , Indonesia, in the odd semester 2019/2020. Data were collected through tests, observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documents. The application of GIM in the Education Foundation class can improve students’ critical thinking skills. The study findings suggested that the average student’s grades improved on formative tests.

In using GIM there are several challenges that include aspects of learning and outside learning. This study suggests: (1) prior to implementing this model, careful preparation is needed, especially in the learning process so as to encourage students to actively think and ask questions. 2) In implementing this GIM, it is necessary to have guidance and motivation from the lecturer. (3) The implementation of this GIM can be successful if the stages one and two have been agreed and determined.
TikTok and Grammar Skills in English: Perspectives of English Major Students
Authors: Revesencio Nicole I. , Alonsagay Rodemie R. , Dominguez Luzlyn I. , Hormillosa Donna Mae I. , Ibea Clint Hector I. , Montaño Mesty Mae S. , Biray Ersyl T.
Published: December 2022

This descriptive quantitative study aimed at establishing the advantages and disadvantages of watching TikTok to the English grammar skills development of college education students specializing in English enrolled at a state university in Western Visayas during the second term of the academic year 2021-2022. Field experts validated the researcher-structured questionnaire transformed into the Google form was utilized to gather data online considering the government-imposed restrictions related to the pandemic at the time of instrument administration. Findings revealed that the majority of the respondents are 20-year-old, females, and had an average final grade of between 1.75–1.99 in all the English subjects during the last semester of the preceding academic year. A number of them spend 30 minutes to an hour watching TikTok videos that have English grammar-related content in a day. The majority of them had 3 days per week watching TikTok videos with English grammar-related content. Almost all of them revealed that watching TikTok aids them in discovering and comprehending new words in English. However, there were instances that the TikTok videos instead confuse their grammar use. This implies that watching the TikTok application has a more positive impact on the grammar skills in English of college students than its negligible flaws in the process.
Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO) Industry: Status and Prospects Affecting Its Growth in the Philippines
Authors: Mondejar Hans Christian U. , Asio John Mark R.
Published: December 2022

In the Knowledge Process Outsourcing market, the Philippines is slowly gaining traction as a genuine challenger. Despite the effect of the pandemic, BPO industries in the Philippines continue to advance, with a promising future in the years ahead. The study focuses on the KPO practices in the Philippine setting and the factors affecting them. The researchers used a descriptive cross-sectional design to analyze the factors affecting the KPO industries and their practices. This study used a purposive sampling technique to 100 supervisory and key account managers as respondents from six BPO firms with KPO services. This study included measures of central tendency and inferential statistics to determine the relationship between KPO practices and the factors affecting them. The result of the study shows that among the three (3) KPO practices, the provider capability gained the highest level, followed by client-retained capacity and contractual governance. In addition, among the four (4) factors affecting KPO practices, regulatory aspects got the highest level, followed closely by innovative elements, technological factors, and human resource factors. Moreover, the study observed low to moderate associations between the KPO practices and the factors. Finally, the technological aspect emerged as a predictor of industry KPO practices.
Opportunities and Challenges of Selected One Town One Product Enter-prises in Selected Towns of Cavite Amidst Pandemic
Authors: Tadeo Jerico B. , Muralla Danica S.
Published: December 2022

The One Town One Product (OTOP) is a program of the Philippines wherein enterprises sell their products that are available within their localities. This study aimed in determination of challenges and opportunities experienced by these enterprises in Cavite. The researchers used descriptive-correlational design, purposive sampling and flexible data survey approaches through questionnaires. The proponents found that most of the OTOP enterprises were operating young, their initial capital is Php 300,000.00 below and most of the enterprises have one to nine employees. The participants of the study experienced challenges in production, reduction on manpower, establishing funds for employee-support, managing their flow of funds, attracting new customers, ensuring the health and well-being of the people. Moreover, the correlation results were insignificant. Thus, all null hypotheses are accepted. The outcome of this research study serves as a baseline for policy intervention and strategic implementation for rebound strategies among the pandemic hit enterprises.
Learnings from Conducting an Online Lesson Study for the Online Teaching of Radian Measure
Authors: Flores Leroy A. , Presto Adaiah C. , Combo John Edward A. , Caballero Jaime G. , Palanas Victorina D. , Devis Rolly A. , Elipane Levi E.
Published: December 2022

With the shift of learning modality from face-to-face to online distance learning, teaching Mathematics has been linked to new challenges and constraints. This paper investigates how radian measure can be taught via distance learning delivery modality. An Online Lesson Study was conducted, and the research lesson was implemented for first-year college students taking Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Mathematics at a state university in the Philippines. The recorded dialogues during the post-lesson discussion were transcribed and analyzed by the researchers. Through these processes, three themes emerged: (1) logistical issues in online teaching, (2) alignment of purpose and approach in online teaching, and (3) theoretical underpinnings for online teaching. Hence, online lesson study provides a venue for teachers to pursue professional development amidst the pandemic.
Demographics and Awareness of Pag-Ibig Fund’s E-Government Service Among Private Employees in the Philippines
Authors: Masinas Annah Erania , Marbibi Joyce Anne T. Pini , Buena Mae Michelle , Vigonte Florinda , Malang Bernandino P. , Abante Marmelo V.
Published: December 2022

E-government is gaining prominence, and more research is being conducted on the topic. This study aims to find out how familiar people are with e-government services, why they use or don't use them, and if there is a significant link between demographics and client awareness of e-governance Pag-IBIG Fund offers. A survey using Google forms was carried out to obtain the necessary information on the individuals working for Mang Inasal in Nueva Vizcaya. The study analyzed 191 replies to discover the characteristics that influenced their awareness and use of Pag-IBIG Fund's e-government services. Contrary to what has always been assumed, 71.2% of the respondents are aware of the E-Government services offered by Pag-IBIG Fund - this number shows a formidable familiarity among the people of Mang Inasal in Nueva Vizcaya. Using Spearman’s Correlation and analysis, it also indicated that there is no significant relationship between age (p=.247), educational degree (p=.391), and Income (p=.113) over the awareness of the E-Government Services offered by Pag-IBIG Fund. These insights should be helpful to academics, professionals, and decision-makers.
Sou eu que dou as ordens: a autorrepresentação de Heitor dos Prazeres
Authors: Bittencourt Renata
Published: December 2022

Este artigo investiga os elementos combinados por Heitor dos Prazeres para constituir seu autorretrato, a pintura denominada O artista, do acervo do Museu de Arte de São Paulo. Fugindo das representações redutoras e esquemáticas, recorrentes na abordagem de indivíduos negros na história da arte brasileira, Heitor soma atributos para compor uma figura complexa, utilizando elementos legíveis sobretudo para aqueles parte de seu grupo de pertencimento. A pintura parece ser uma obra de exceção em seu legado, que nos impele à reflexão de seu papel na revolução cultural moderna de que fez parte, e que deu origem ao samba urbano carioca. O retrato nos demanda uma leitura curiosa acerca de seus valores e referenciais, para apreender como Heitor se dá a ver assumindo o agenciamento de sua própria imagem.
Spiky pygmy devils: revision of the genus Discotettix (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) and synonymy of Discotettiginae with Scelimeninae
Authors: SKEJO JOSIP , PUSHKAR TARAS I. , KASALO NIKO , PAVLOVIĆ MARKO , DERANJA MAKS , ADŽIĆ KARMELA , TAN MING KAI , REBRINA FRAN , MUHAMMAD AMIRA AQILAH , ABDULLAH NURUL ASHIKIN , JAPIR RAZY , CHUNG ARTHUR Y. C. , TUMBRINCK JOSEF
Published: December 2022

Spiky pygmy devils (Tetrigidae: Discotettiginae) are, because of the spiky pronotal projections and widened subapical antennal segments, among the most unique pygmy grasshoppers in Southeast (SE) Asia. The taxonomy of the group was unclear in the past, so this study brings a taxonomic and biographical review of the genus Discotettix Costa, 1864. New terminology of the pronotal projections is proposed for Scelimeninae. All valid species hitherto included in the genus are redescribed; a new genus is established for Discotettix shelfordi Hancock, 1907, Disconius Skejo, Pushkar et Tumbrinck gen. n., so a new combination is established for the species (Disconius shelfordi comb. n.). New synonymy is established: Discotettix selysi Bolívar, 1887 = Discotettix selangori Mahmood, Idris et Salmah, 2007 syn. n. Three new species are described and a key to Discotettix species is provided. The genus now includes seven species (1) Discotettix aruanus Skejo, Pushkar et Tumbrinck sp. n. from Aru; (2) D. belzebuth (Serville, 1838) from Borneo; (3) D. doriae Bolívar, 1898 stat. resurr. from the Mentawai islands; (4) D. kirscheyi Skejo, Pushkar, Tumbrinck et Tan sp. n. from Northeast (NE) Borneo; (5) D. scabridus (Stål, 1877) endemic to Mindanao and Samar; (6) D. selysi Bolívar, 1887 from Sumatra and peninsular Malaysia; (7) D. sumatrensis Skejo, Pushkar et Tumbrinck sp. n. endemic to southern Sumatra. Moreover, Discotettix is again subdivided into two subgenera: Mnesarchus Stål, 1877 stat. resurr. (D. scabridus) and nominotypical one (other species). Widened antennal segments are the only character common to all Discotettiginae genera, but this trait does not have great taxonomic importance, as it is homoplastic, meaning that it appeared in distant Tetrigidae groups independently. Discotettix is herewith transferred to the subfamily Scelimeninae and accordingly, the subfamily Discotettiginae Hancock, 1907 syn. n. becomes a junior synonym of the subfamily Scelimeninae Bolívar, 1887. The tribe Discotettigini stat. resurr., on the other hand, gathers corticolous genera of the Scelimeninae (Austrohancockia Günther, 1938, Bidentatettix Zheng, 1992, Disconius gen. n. Discotettix, Eufalconius Günther, 1938, Gibbotettix Zheng, 1992, Paragavialidium Zheng, 1994, Gavialidium Saussure, 1862, and Tegotettix Hancock, 1913), while the tribe Scelimenini becomes restricted to amphibious taxa. All taxa are described and amply depicted with both museum specimens and in situ photographs. An identification key is provided. The morphology and function of widened antennae in Discotettigini are discussed.
3. Self-Expression in Flight and Pursuit
Authors: Evans Dorinda
Published: December 2022

A chapter is devoted to this painting not only because of its quality but also the fact that its subject matter has long been in public dispute. Part of the problem is that Rimmer has been misunderstood as more secular and more oriented toward contemporary subject matter than he actually was. He painted from himself and from his own feelings, which were often concerned with the moral and spiritual. Much of his work is so personal as to be quite enigmatic in meaning, but this picture, showing a man fleeing his conscience, can be understood through his writings ("Stephen and Phillip," a fictitious narrative), patterns in his work, his illness, and a drawing by him with a subject re-identified as a man and his conscience. Flight and Pursuit is related to similar allegorical works on moral themes, such as Dying Centaur.
6. Visionary Depictions
Authors: Evans Dorinda
Published: December 2022

Rimmer, who did not always agree with Swedenborg, became a Spiritualist who tried to contact the dead through séances and had his own visions and his own visits to celestial spheres. Possibly manic depression played a role in these otherworldly experiences. Some of his pictures are clearly linked to apparitions that he mentioned experiencing. His largest surviving painting, which is mistitled English Hunting Scene, is a spring-time landscape with his daughters and a spiritual guide at the right, observing different overlapping scenes from the Middle Ages with a modern, railroad bridge in the distance. The daughters are observing ghosts who re-enact what they did in that space in the past. Some did not inhabit the space at the same time so they do not interact. This juxtaposition of different times occurs in two experimental drawings by Rimmer as well, suggestive of the passage of time. A number of his works reflect his otherworldly visions which might include angels or demons or imaginary beings such as those shown in Shooting Stars. The Hunting Scene also contains serfs or different social classes of ghosts related to the artist's empathy for the working poor. The picture pertains to teaching through seeing and Rimmer's inspirational role as an art instructor.
7. The Death and Legacy of a Maverick Artist
Authors: Evans Dorinda
Published: December 2022

The concluding chapter weighs Rimmer's recognition or historical status at the time of his death and now. His first biography, written by someone who did not know him –Truman H. Bartlett – has had a disproportionate impact on how he is seen, even today. That is, his sheer originality – attested to by students as well as contemporaries – has been largely overlooked or misunderstood. The fact that he critiqued neoclassicism has been lost. So has his strong spiritual orientation and his emphasis, in teaching and in his own work, on imagination and self-expression. Despite his attachment to subject matter as a Romantic, he can be seen as a forerunner of modernism – in purely formal terms – in his fragmented statues. These precede, by a decade, similar work by Auguste Rodin. His personal symbolism is also prescient in being evocative of the production of the later Symbolists. Fortunately, Rimmer had loyal students and friends who tried to keep his memory alive after his death. Their efforts resulted in three of his plaster-cast sculptures being cast in bronze, and a selection of his drawings exhibited at the famous 1913 International Exhibition of Modern Art (the Armory Show) in New York. He also had two paintings in the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition. But the fact that Rimmer did not explain his seemingly aberrant creations, and Bartlett did not understand him, has had a detrimental impact on his reputation. His importance for the period and today lies in his insistence on working solely from imagination which was a radical idea at the time. According to his thinking, the artist’s contribution in creating a work of art should be self-expression.
Subsurface Anticyclonic Eddy Transited from Kuroshio Shedding Eddy in the Northern South China Sea
Authors: Wang Xiangpeng , Du Yan , Zhang Yuhong , Wang Tianyu , Wang Minyang , Jing Zhiyou
Published: December 2022

Subsurface eddies are a special type of oceanic eddy that display the maximum velocity in the subsurface layer. Based on field observations, a lens-shaped subsurface anticyclonic eddy (SAE) was detected in the northern South China Sea (SCS) in May 2021. The SAE was located between 20 and 200 m, with a shoaling of the seasonal thermocline and deepening of the main thermocline. Satellite images showed that the SAE exhibited positive sea level anomaly (SLA) and negative sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly. Eddy track indicated that this SAE originated from the Luzon Strait and was generated in the Kuroshio Loop Current (KLC) last winter. The evolution of the SAE was related to the anomalous water properties inside the eddy and the seasonal change of sea surface heat flux. In winter, the continuous surface cooling and Kuroshio intrusion led to a cold, salty core in the upper part of the anticyclonic eddy, which resulted in a subsurface-intensified structure through geostrophic adjustment. As the season changed from winter to spring, sea surface temperature increased. The lens-shaped structure was formed when the seasonal thermocline appeared near the surface that capped the winter well-mixed water inside the eddy. From 1993 to 2021, nearly half of the winter KLC shedding eddies (12/25) survived to late spring and evolved into subsurface lens-shaped structures. This result indicates that the transition of KLC shedding eddy to SAE is a common phenomenon in the northern SCS, which is potentially important for local air–sea interaction, heat–salt balance, and biogeochemical processes.

Significance Statement

Subsurface eddies are lens-shaped eddies with anomalous water properties in the subsurface layer. While such eddies have been reported in many regions of the World Ocean, they are poorly investigated in the SCS, especially the periodic subsurface eddies that appear in a fixed time frame with similar patterns and trajectories. This study reported a subsurface anticyclonic eddy (SAE) in the northern SCS and elucidated its generation and evolution processes. Statistical results confirm that this is a periodic SAE, which occurs nearly annually in late spring and evolves from the Kuroshio shedding eddy with seasonal changes. This study provides a new perspective on the evolution of subsurface eddies in the SCS and will benefit targeted observations in the future.
Democracy’s Ambivalent Effect on Terrorism
Authors: Hand Ashlyn W. , Saiya Nilay
Published: December 2022

Does democracy heighten or lessen the incidence of terrorism? This question has eluded a definitive answer for over three decades. Some terrorism researchers find that democracy has dampened terrorism; others that democracy has encouraged it; still others that there is a curvilinear or more nuanced relationship between the two. In this article, we contend that democracy has differential effects on terrorism, depending on the goals of particular terrorist groups. We claim that efforts to restrict democracy, by decreasing political rights and civil liberties, will effectively constrain terrorist activity from “strategic” groups but will have the opposite effect on “universalist” groups. The reason for this variance, we argue, involves the scope of ambition and underlying motivation distinguishing these very different types of terrorist movements. Because universalist groups have abstract ambitions and non-negotiable goals, they are unlikely to be deterred by crackdowns on democracy. Alternatively, because strategic groups do not see their missions as all-or-nothing campaigns of good versus evil and instead seek limited and concrete goals, anti-democratic measures are more likely to succeed against them. Our analysis of 200 countries from 1972 to 2016 finds strong support for this claim.
Modelling Chinese Youth Support for Military Intervention in the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands: Beyond Nationalism and Militarism
Authors: Davies Graeme AM , Edney Kingsley , Wang Bo
Published: December 2022

Research on public opinion and foreign policy in China has focused on nationalism as the driver behind public support for the use of force. However, nationalism is just one of many potentially significant factors that can increase support for military deployments. In this article we build a mediation model to test the relative effects of psychological predispositions, foreign policy attitudes, perceptions of the opposing state and calculations about the likely outcome of the conflict on support for China sending naval forces to the disputed Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands. We find that dislike of the Japanese government and a belief that China would be victorious in a conflict with Japan are both powerful predictors of support for the use of force. Nationalism and militarism directly increase support but also indirectly increase it via different pathways. Nationalists are more confident in a Chinese victory while militarists have a stronger dislike of the Japanese government.
Toward a Decolonial Parenting Science Through Centering Majority World Parenting: A Commentary on “Parenting Culture(s): Ideal-Parent Beliefs Across 37 Countries”
Authors: Raval Vaishali V.
Published: December 2022

In “Parenting Culture(s): Ideal-Parent Beliefs Across 37 Countries,” Lin et al. examine reports of parents from 37 countries regarding the qualities they consider in an ideal parent and then use a method called Leximancer Semantic Network Analysis to identify broad culture zones across the 37 countries based on shared notions of an ideal parent. I appreciate this substantial effort to explore parenting beyond Euro-American samples, upon which a bulk of parenting science literature is based. I also concur with a data-driven exploratory approach and examination of ideal-parent beliefs across parents with differing educational levels. However, I argue that to advance parenting science, we need more than inclusion of samples from the Majority World (i.e., regions where the majority of the world’s population resides). Future parenting research should be grounded in (a) decolonial epistemology that involves generating localized knowledge by exploring parenting in various communities in the Majority World that are formed through intersecting influences of neighborhood composition, religion, region, social class, urban, rural, and suburban residence, along with other locally relevant social dimensions, (b) decolonial research methodology that values different ways of generating knowledge and includes local communities as partners in the knowledge generation process, and (c) understanding and interpreting parenting in Majority World communities from a cultural resource rather than a deficit framework.
Sport Participation for Adults Aged 50 + Years: A Socioecological Analysis
Authors: Chen Guangzhou , Janke Megan C. , Liechty Toni , Wong Jen D. , West Stephanie T. , Son Julie S. , Juris Jill , Johnston Carol
Published: December 2022

Sport participation can play a key role in older adults’ successful aging as it provides an enjoyable opportunity for leisure-time physical activity. Research focusing on the benefits of sport participation in later life and facilitators for involvement has been increasing in the past several years. Drawing on the socioecological model, this study investigated select socioecological factors that predict older adults’ sport participation from a holistic perspective. An online survey provided quantitative data from 1203 adults aged 50 and older across the United States. Results from logistic regression analyses showed that personal characteristics, individual behavior, environment/policy, and life course effects were significant predictors of sport participation in later life. The findings in this study enhance our understanding of factors related to older adults’ sport participation and are also of value to practitioners seeking to promote sport participation among older adults.
The effect of Del Nido versus custodiol cardioplegia on clinical outcomes and troponin-I changes among pediatrics with tetralogy of fallot undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Gholampour Dehaki Maziar , Gorjipour Farhad , Gorjipour Fazel , Mahdavi Mohammad , Kachoueian Naser , Heidarynia Saeid
Published: December 2022

Background

Myocardial protection during operations with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic cross clamping is vital. For this purpose, Del Nido (DN) and Custodiol cardioplegia (CC) solutions are used for single-dose cardioplegia in cardiac surgical procedures with CPB. Present study aimed to compare the effects of DN and CC on peri-operative clinical outcomes in pediatrics with Tetralogy of Fallot (TF) undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods

Present randomized clinical trial was performed in two trial groups with parallel design. One group received DN and another group received CC. We assessed circulatory Troponin-I (cTnI) and coronary sinus lactate level as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes were ventilation time, electrolytes levels, pump time, cross-clamp time and other clinical parameters.

Results

Duration of CPB and cross-clamp were the same in both groups. There were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters, left ventricular ejection fraction after the surgery and discharge time between the two trial groups. Ventilation time (8.5 vs. 18; p = 0.001), ICU stay, Troponin-I in ICU admission and Coronary sinus lactate level ( p = 0.001) were significantly higher among patients of Custodiol group compared to other trial group. Electrolytes Na, Cl and K levels, during CPB, were significantly less in Custodiol group.

Conclusion

When used for inducing cardiac arrest during CPB, DN solution offers better maintenance of the electrolyte balance during CPB, and is associated with less circulatory cTnI and coronary sinus lactate level compared with the CC.
Values and vendettas: Populist science governance in Mexico
Authors: Reyes-Galindo Luis
Published: December 2022

This article aims to diversify STS perspectives on populism by addressing a sequence of episodes of Mexican science policy in terms of clashes between populism and scientific communities. The article describes a reorientation of Mexican science policy that has destabilized the academic system during the present administration. Specifically, it looks at the legislative project initiated by Mexico’s National Science and Technology Council (Conacyt) to overhaul the national regulatory framework on science, technology and innovation, and controversial political actions taken by Conacyt against the scientific community. Contextualizing these grievances, the article concludes that at stake is a form of ‘trickle-down populism’ that, through systematic authoritarianism, seeks to impose on the academic community a model of ‘populist science governance’.
Endogeneity and qualitative political analysis: Debates about method or debates about ontology?
Authors: Meadwell Hudson
Published: December 2022

Qualitative political analysis has made substantial methodological progress in the last 25 years. This article examines the contributions to this progress made by the work of three American social scientists (King, Keohane, and Verba, 2021 [1994], hereafter KKV) and the responses that their work provoked. The article identifies a recurring ambiguity in this methodological literature. In the quantitative tradition to which KKV want to hold qualitative methods endogeneity is a methodological problem that induces a search for methodological workarounds. Yet in qualitative work, endogeneity is often more a basic feature of the social and political world that needs to be modeled directly. While there can be substantial theoretical differences in how these features are modeled, the presumption is that endogeneity is more an ontological claim than a methodological problem. The article identifies how this ambiguity first arises in the work of KKV and then traces out the implications through a discussion of a range of methodological options, from process tracing to instrumental variables.
Owner Survey of 55 Dogs That Underwent Full Mouth Extraction Procedures in a Referral Practice
Authors: DeRose Danny , Hale Fraser
Published: December 2022

Full mouth extraction (FME) in dogs is a common procedure performed in veterinary dental referral practice. Clients may be apprehensive to have FME performed, with concerns for ability to eat and quality of life. These concerns may be barriers to electing to proceed. This study used a cross-sectional survey to identify concerns clients had regarding FME. Medical records of 168 dogs that underwent FME at a referral practice from 2013 to 2019 were sent surveys. A total of 55 responses were obtained. This study demonstrated that after extractions, 52.7% of the patients ate the same diet as before the surgery. Regarding enthusiasm for eating, 12 (21.7%) reported an increase in enthusiasm, 15 (27.3%) reported slightly more enthusiasm, 25 (45.5%) reported the same enthusiasm, two (3.6%) reported less enthusiasm, and one (1.8%) showed a complete lack of interest. Fifty-one (92.7%) reported improved postoperative oral comfort. Twenty-five respondents (45.5%) had a great deal of anxiety before the procedure, specifically regarding eating postoperatively, 13 (24.1%) were extremely concerned, 31 (57.4%) were somewhat concerned. Twenty-six (47.3%) were extremely anxious about anesthesia. This study demonstrated high client satisfaction with 45 (81.8%) of the respondents reporting high satisfaction. This survey demonstrated that FME is a successful procedure with a high rate of client satisfaction.
A density-based WCSPH numerical scheme for investigation of multiphase flows with intricate interfaces at high density ratios
Authors: Mahmoudi Mehrizi Mehdi , Sefid Mohammad , Salehizadeh Amir Masoud
Published: December 2022

Numerical investigation of multiphase problems having complex interface at high density ratios is one of the numerical challenges associated with particle scattering and divergence. Fewer problems have been performed using density-based smooth particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH) in order to solve complex joint surface currents, and most of the simulations in this field have been performed using incompressible smooth particle hydrodynamics (ISPH). Solving high density flows by smooth particle hydrodynamics is associated with particle dispersion and divergence. Various methods have been used to eliminate the scattering of particles, such as a repulsive force at the interface or the corrected density re-value, but there is a problem of particle disintegration at interface at higher times. Numerical simulations of SPH multiphase problems with high density ratio present divergence and dispersion of soluble particles over time simulation. However, this problem is solved in the current model so that continuity is preserved and provides a more accurate solution over time simulation. In the present work, in order to simulate multiphase flows with complex surfaces and high density ratios fluids investigation, a new density-based smooth particle hydrodynamic approach has been utilized. To prevent the particles scattering at the interface, an incompatible particle removal method is used. In the present study, a particle displacement optimization scheme for regularization at phase interface is created by implementing a two-stage change algorithm to maintain the regular particle distribution continuously and conservatively. In order to investigate the accuracy of the current numerical scheme, it is firstly compared with two-phase Poiseuille flow with three fluids having diverse values of viscosity, Reynolds-Taylor instability, Single Bubble rising in a fully filled container, merging of two bubbles, and Bubble rising in a partially filled container; then it is compared with analytical and numerical solutions.
An analytical game-based design of crank-rocker mechanisms with optimum stroke, time ratio and transmission angle
Authors: Ahmadi Bahman , Ahmadi Behnam , Nezamivand Saeed
Published: December 2022

In this study, an analytical approach based on bi-level multi-objective game theory is proposed and implemented for dimensional synthesis of the planar crank-rocker four-bar mechanisms. Two players, namely, Stroke ([Formula: see text]) and Time Ratio ([Formula: see text]) are considered in the level playing the role of a leader. The third player, Transmission Angle ([Formula: see text]), is placed in a lower level operating with the role of the follower’ role. Players’ behavior at upper level is also modeled as a cooperative game. In addition to this, the interaction between upper and lower levels is modeled as a Stackelberg game wherein an analytical approach is given to provide an explicit function of the follower’s Rational Reaction Set (RRS). Such analytical approach of Stackelberg game theory leads to an interesting relationship of length of the coupler and rocker links. It is, therefore, advised that by adopting equal lengths for coupler link and rocker link, one can guaranty the optimality of the transmission angle deviation, ensuring the Grashof condition. Consequently, the stroke, time ratio, and transmission angle criteria are derived explicitly as mathematical functions explaining the links of mechanism’s normalized dimensions. The aforementioned approach coupled with the proposed formulas and charts, greatly simplifies the synthesis of the mechanisms with optimal transmission angle while adopting any desired values of both stroke and time ratio. The theoretical approach proposed are explained with illustrated examples.
Preferential Attraction Effects With Visual Stimuli: The Role of Quantitative Versus Qualitative Visual Attributes
Authors: Brendl C. Miguel , Atasoy Özgün , Samson Coralie
Published: December 2022

Offering an inferior and rarely chosen third (decoy) option to decision makers choosing between two options has a paradoxical effect: It increases the choice share of the option most similar to the decoy. This attraction effect is robust when options are numeric but rarely occurs in humans when options are visual, even though it occurs in animals. Building on psychophysics, we examined two types of visual attributes: quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative visual attributes (e.g., different bottle volumes) can be perceived as magnitudes. Qualitative visual attributes (e.g., different colors), however, do not fall onto a magnitude scale. One can perceive that a bottle’s volume is twice that of another bottle but not that a green bottle’s color is twice that of a red bottle. We observed robust attraction effects for quantitative visual attributes (4,602 adults, 237 college-age participants), which reversed to repulsion effects when the visual attributes were qualitative (6,005 adults).
The Expression of Hypoxia-Related Biomarkers: A Significance of HIF-1α C1772T Polymorphism as Predictor of Laryngeal Carcinoma Relapse
Authors: Folic Miljan M. , Banko Ana V. , Todorovic Vera N. , Puskas Nela S. , Milovanovic Jovica P. , Krejovic Sanja B. , Dragicevic-Babic Neda Z. , Bukumiric Zoran M. , Milicic Biljana R. , Jotic Ana D. , Djukic Vojko B.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

The association between the expression of HIF-1α in the laryngeal carcinoma and the prognosis of disease is quite well documented, but the significance of HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and its relation to disease phenotype have to be clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of C1772T polymorphism on the clinical-pathological characteristics and disease-free survival after initial surgical treatment of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.

Materials and methods

The prospective cohort study included 65 patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Two representative tumor tissue specimens were taken in each patient during surgery; 1 specimen was used to asses HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and the other 1 to determine the immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, as well as CD 34 proteins. The comparison of polymorphism frequency between study and control population was conducted by collecting a 5 mL of peripheral venous blood samples in each subject.

Results

Clinicopathological characteristics of laryngeal carcinoma didn’t affect the expression of hypoxia-related biomarkers, such as HIF-1α, VEGF or MVD. The statistically significant association between HIF-1α and VEGF expression was found ( P = .034), but not between HIF-1α expression and MVD value ( P = .696). The expression of HIF-1α was significantly higher among CT heterozygotes ( P = .029). We found a significantly more recurrence among CT heterozygotes compared with patients with CC homozygous alleles (57.10% and 24.30%, respectively; P = .007). Patients with C1772T polymorphic variants had significantly worse disease-free survival compared with patients without polymorphism (Log-rank test, P = .007).

Conclusion

HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival which nominates it as a predictor of laryngeal carcinoma relapse. The preoperative assessment of hypoxia-related biomarkers should be used in everyday practice in order to determine the treatment modalities for laryngeal carcinoma.
A Review of Biventricular Repair for the Congenital Cardiac Anesthesiologist
Authors: Davies Sean J. , DiNardo James A. , Emani Sitaram M. , Brown Morgan L.
Published: December 2022

The management of children with a borderline ventricle has been debated for many years. The pursuit of a biventricular repair in these children aims to avoid the long-term sequelae of single ventricle palliation. There is a lack of anesthesia literature relating to the care of this complex heterogenous patient population. Anesthesiologists caring for these patients should have an understanding on the many different forms of physiology and the impact on provision of anesthesia and hemodynamic parameters, the goals of biventricular staging and completion as well as the pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative considerations relating to this high-risk group of patients.
Multimodal imaging in differential diagnosis between papilledema and choroidal neovascularization associated with morning glory syndrome
Authors: Cennamo Gilda , Montorio Daniela , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Costagliola Ciro
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To describe the role of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to help in differential diagnosis between papilledema and a rare case of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS).

Methods

Observational case report.

Results

A 22-year old man was referred to Eye clinic from Neurological unit with a diagnosis of papilledema in right eye. OCTA scans on the optic disc revealed a dense radial peripapillary vascular network while two polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) were present in peripapillary region at the edge of staphyloma in corrispondence of choriocapillary layer. Therefore, the patient underwent three-monthly intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. One and six months after loading phase, the PCVs showed no clinical activity at structural spectral domain-OCT and OCTA.

Conclusion

This case revealed the crucial role of OCTA as an efficace diagnostic technique in discriminating papilledema from MGS complicated by CNV, allowing to make differential diagnosis, useful in ophthalmological and neurological clinical practice.
An explicit cavitation multigrid algorithm for accelerating simulation of surface-textured bearings
Authors: Xu Wanjun , Zhao Shanhui , Zhang Mingjie , Yang Jiangang
Published: December 2022

The cavitation has a potential effect on the performance of surface-textured bearings. The traditional mass-conserving cavitation algorithms based on the Gauss-Seidel iteration method become slow as the grid increases. The computation time is unacceptable once the grid consists of a large array of textures. This study developed an explicit cavitation multigrid algorithm to accelerate the simulation of surface-textured bearings. The algorithm was based on the Ausas cavitation algorithm with the advantage of a matrix-free implementation. Novel numerical technologies were developed to overcome the difficulty of the floating free boundaries caused by the cavitation characteristics. An example of surface-dimpled thrust bearings was studied to analyze the algorithm efficiency. The algorithm is shown to be approximate optimal under reasonable solution parameters. It is an alternative to other cavitation algorithms.
Surveillance potential: Exploring how unbanked social assistance recipients in Toronto, Canada negotiated a mandatory transition from cash to cards
Authors: Barkway Kelsi
Published: December 2022

This article explores how purportedly benign technologies, such as benefits cards used to distribute welfare funds, can be perceived as a tool for surveillance and social control, particularly in contexts that users experience as punitive. In many countries, poverty governance positions welfare recipients, particularly women of colour, as irresponsible consumers in need of counselling and discipline. As a result, recipients are often subjected to government efforts to constrain and monitor how they spend their money. Drawing on qualitative interviews conducted in Toronto, Canada, this article examines how unbanked welfare recipients navigated the mandatory transition from cheques to benefits cards. Respondents discussed the benefits cards in terms of surveillance potential, a concept that captures their uncertainty about how surveillance was operating. They viewed the cards as an extension of their relationship with caseworkers, which they characterized as adversarial. Respondents were careful about how they used the cards, engaging in everyday resistance that involved curating their financial data to portray a ‘deserving’ welfare recipient. This study demonstrates that in the era of surveillance capitalism, new technologies can have a disciplining effect on marginalized populations, even if that is not the intended function.
A review on β-Ti alloys for biomedical applications: The influence of alloy composition and thermomechanical processing on mechanical properties, phase composition, and microstructure
Authors: Kanapaakala Gouthamaraj , Subramani Venkatesan
Published: December 2022

Titanium and its alloys are potential materials for orthopedic implant applications due to their appropriate biological and mechanical behavior. As biocompatibility and biomechanical compatibilities are essential parameters for determining a biomedical implant's performance and service life, this research review article discussed the novel Ti alloys with nontoxic and biocompatible alloying elements with an elastic modulus similar to the bone. Among Ti alloys, β-Ti alloys are appropriate for load-bearing implant applications due to lower elastic modulus and nontoxic elements, including Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, Sn, and Mo. Even though the β-Ti alloys possess a lesser elastic modulus compared to other metallic biomaterials, two issues associated with β-Ti alloys that result in implant failure are that they still possess a higher elastic modulus than human bone and they have insufficient strength. Alloy composition and thermomechanical processing characteristics play a vital role in altering the mechanical properties and microstructure of β-Ti alloys. Hence, this review article emphasizes the alloying and thermomechanical processing effects on the mechanical properties and microstructure of β-Ti alloys.
“Band-Aids on Bullet Holes”: Experiences of pediatric hospital social workers after 1 year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McKenna John L , Ross Abigail M , Boskey Elizabeth R
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 has continued to bring devastation to children and families, even 1 year into the pandemic. The rise of the Black Lives Matter movement has also led to renewed attention to systemic racism in the United States and awareness of how the pandemic has further exacerbated health inequities that disproportionately affect communities of color. Pediatric hospital social workers have played a key role since the beginning of the pandemic in responding to the resulting behavioral health crisis and helping to address social disparities. There is a need to understand how the roles and experiences of pediatric social workers have evolved during the first year of the pandemic. In this qualitative study, a series of practice-setting based focus groups were conducted with social workers to capture (a) what has changed or stayed the same since the beginning of COVID-19, (b) thoughts and experiences on diversity, equity, and inclusion with particular attention to race and racism, and (c) perspectives about the long-term implications of COVID-19 on the profession of social work. The Framework Method was used to analyze data, from which six superordinate themes emerged: burnout/coping; the impact of patient acuity; awareness of racial inequity in patient care; awareness of social determinants of health; social worker inclusion in hospital decision-making and policy reform; and grief/racial inequity. An overview of what has stayed the same, what has changed, and what the future may hold for pediatric hospital social workers is reviewed.