bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DERECHO DE LOS CAMPESINOS, A LA AGROBIODIVERSIDAD Y UNIFORMIZACIÓN GENÉTICA: CRÍTICA A LA LEGISLACIÓN VIGENTE SOBRE SEMILLAS Y CULTIVARES EN BRASIL Y ARGENTINA
Authors: Oliveira de Souza Rafaela , Gonçalves Rocha Eduardo
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar cómo los sistemas legales brasileño y argentino han contribuido a la mercantilización de las semillas, generando pérdida de biodiversidad y lesiones a los derechos de los agricultores. Se analizaron y compararon las legislaciones de semillas y cultivares de ambos países, demostrando cómo contribuyen a la reducción de semillas a un insumo agrícola. Autores como Juliana Santilli, Tamara Perelmuter, Philip Mcmichael y Dardot y Laval se utilizaron como principales referencias teóricas. Metodológicamente, se realizó una revisión documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas en Argentina y Brasil. Así, fue posible acceder a la legislación, las reflexiones académicas producidas en ambos países sobre el tema, así como escuchar la posición de diferentes actores de la sociedad civil, del mercado y del Estado sobre la problemática estudiada. El artículo, en un primer momento, señalará las similitudes entre la legislación de semillas en Brasil y Argentina. Luego demostrará cómo comprometen la agrobiodiversidad. Al final, las entrevistas mostrarán cómo la actual legislación sobre semillas está ignorando los derechos de los agricultores y poniendo en riesgo la agrobiodiversidad, favoreciendo la mercantilización de semillas y la erosión genética.
VIRTUAL COFFEE MORNING : MENGHUBUNGKAN PARA DOSEN MELALUI PERCAKAPAN ONLINE
Authors: Wanda Karina , Putra Wiene Surya
Published: April 2022

Acara Coffee Morning Virtual atau dengan kata lain minum kopi sambil ngobrol-ngobrol tentang hal-hal yang berkembang tentang Pendidikan, dilaksanakan biasanya berlangsung selama 60 menit, kesempatan belajar profesional informal yang sering diadakan di kedai kopi atau restoran. Di masa pandemi Covid-19, penyelenggaraan acara Coffee Morning secara tatap muka tidak memungkinkan, sehingga acara Coffee Morning dilakukan secara virtual menggunakan video conference zoom. Selama Coffee Morning, para dosen-dosen, lintas semester dan bidang program-program studi, terhubung satu sama lain untuk berbagi praktik pengajaran. Karena didorong oleh peserta dari dosen-dosen Pendidikan dan non-pendidikan, topik diskusi muncul dari kebutuhan dan minat peserta coffee morning. Untuk melanjutkan pembelajaran profesional untuk dosen Pendidikan dan dosen non-pendidiakn selama karantina di rumah masing-masing, acara Coffee Morning virtual mendukung berbagi sumber daya dan saran bersama dengan memberikan empati dan solidaritas dari orang lain dalam konteks serupa.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA PADA TATARAN MORFOLOGI LAMAN KOMPASIANA EDISI NOVEMBER 2021
Authors: Amalia Firda Hikmatul , Aufa Gian Ayu Ilma Nur , Hastuti Nuri Puji , Farida Vanda Cindhy , Ulya Chafit
Published: April 2022

Kesalahan berbahasa tataran morfologi pada laman berita masih banyak dijumpai, khususnya pada laman Kompasiana. Padahal laman tersebut dibaca oleh cukup banyak orang. Tentu ini akan berpengaruh pada kemampuan pembaca dalam berbahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan berbahasa dan pembenarannya pada tataran morfologi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah laman artikel Kompasiana yang diterbitkan pada bulan November 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan menggunakan teknik simak catat serta analisis data. Teknik analisis data berupa reduksi data, sajian data dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan dalam tataran morfologi paling banyak ditemukan pada afiksasi yang belum sesuai PUEBI dan penulisan kata baku yang belum mengacu Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Adapun hasil data menunjukkan setidaknya terdapat tujuh kesalahan afikasasi dan enam kesalahan penggunaan kata baku. Kesalahan afiksasi yang banyak ditemukan adalah penggunaan me(N), dan kan. Kesalahan penulisan kata baku yang banyak ditemukan adalah penggunaan di sebagai kata depan dan awalan.
ORIENTASI PENGEMBANGAN DAN PENERAPAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Wulandari Yuni , Mahmuda Adzra Afifah , Astuti Maylinda Dwi , Ariyanto Wikan Tiyasning , Darmadi Darmadi
Published: April 2022

Program Mandiri Belajar Kampus Mandiri (MBKM) Diprakarsai oleh Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Republik Indonesia adalah salah satu terobosannya Era pendidikan digital. Program ini memungkinkan Komunikasi siswa juga membuka batas-batas ruang kelas (Fisik) Masuk ke ruang digital. Seiring dengan semakin dewasa negeri ini, pendidikan selalu bergerak ke arah yang lebih baik, beberapa waktu lalu Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nadiem Makarim mengeluarkan kebijakan baru Di bidang pendidikan Indonesia, ia menyebutnya sebagai terobosan belajar mandiri. Terobosan ini memberikan filosofi pendidikan ideal yang memungkinkan guru dan siswa. Hal ini dianggap sebagai tema dalam proses pembelajaran, dan keduanya dapat bekerja sama. Metode yang digunakan adalah menyebarkan survei untuk menggali informasi dan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengorientasi kurikulum merdeka belajar. Dan juga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk perkembangan program pertukaran mahasiswa merdeka belajar di dalam negeri.
KEMAMPUAN GURU PKN DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN BERDASARKAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Lase Berkat Persada
Published: April 2022

Dalam hal ini, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi peran komite sekolah dalam mewujudkan manajemen berbasis sekolah dalam rangka mengenali hambatan guru dalam revolusi mental siswa melalui kegiatan pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan tahun pelajaran di SMP Negeri 6 Gunungsitoli 2021/2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rekaman menggunakan alat perekam ponsel (merekam semua percakapan) hasil gambar sebagai bukti nyata, kemudian buku catatan yang berfungsi untuk merekam semua percakapan dengan sumber data. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa peran komite sekolah cukup baik. Sebagai bahan pertimbangan, komite sekolah memberikan masukan dalam hal pengelolaan pendidikan sekolah. Komite sekolah juga memberikan pertimbangan kepada sekolah mengenai tenaga kependidikan yang diperbantukan ke sekolah. Dalam meningkatkan kualitas guru, komite sekolah mengarahkan perbandingan guru untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya dalam melakukan pelatihan. Sebagai lembaga pendukung, panitia telah melakukan upaya peningkatan perlengkapan sarana penunjang sekolah, salah satunya pengadaan gedung laboratorium dan lapangan basket serta pembiayaan bagi guru untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mengikuti workshop dan pelatihan. Sedangkan sebagai badan pengendali, komite sekolah setiap bulan selalu memantau dana anggaran yang digunakan untuk alokasi dana pendidikan dan juga memantau hasil belajar siswa. Namun proses KBM tidak dilakukan oleh panitia karena bukan kewenangan panitia. Sebagai lembaga mediator, komite sekolah masih belum optimal dalam menjalankan perannya. Dikatakan demikian karena belum mampu menjalin kerjasama dengan dunia usaha dan dunia industri. Sehingga sumber dana yang diperoleh masih menggunakan bantuan dari orang tua siswa dengan cara penarikan uang komite sekolah atau uang SPP rutin orang tua siswa. Selain itu, sebagian besar masyarakat belum berperan aktif dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan di sekolah. Sebagian besar orang tua siswa kurang memahami tugas komite sekolah.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA TATARAN EJAAN PADA MAJALAH TRAVEL CLUB EDISI 396 BULAN SEPTEMBER TAHUN 2021
Authors: Oktaviyanti Nur'aini , Mufidah Afi Imroatul , Rohaniyah Ani Nur Aini , Hakiki Yuslima Bintang , Ulya Chafit
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul “Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa Tataran Ejaan Pada Majalah Travel Club Edisi 396 Bulan September Tahun 2021”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan berbahasa pada tataran ejaan dalam penulisan majalah Travel Club Edisi 396/September 2021 serta melakukan pengoreksian sesuai dengan kaidah kebahasaan yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan cara membaca keseluruhan majalah lalu mencatat kesalahan-kesalahan ejaan yang ditemukan. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Langkah penelitian diawali dengan membaca majalah, mengidentifikasi kesalahan, mengklasifikasi kesalahan sesuai kategori, dan melakukan koreksi pada kesalahan tersebut. Kategori kesalahan yang ditemukan meliputi kesalahan penggunaan huruf, kesalahan penulisan kata, kesalahan penggunaan tanda baca, dan kesalahan pemakaian kata serapan kemudian . Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 106 kesalahan pada penulisan majalah Travel Club Edisi 396/September 2021 dengan rincian 66 kesalahan penggunaan huruf, 16 kesalahan penulisan kata, 15 kesalahan penggunaan tanda baca, dan 9 kesalahan pemakaian kata serapan.
ERGONOMI KOGNITIF PADA BALIHO KAMPANYE PEMILU 2019 DI PERSIMPANGAN STRATEGIS DI KOTA TALUK KUANTAN
Authors: Surya Roberta Zulfhi , Adjie Gerhana
Published: April 2022

Cognitive ergonomic is the ability of humans to receive information determined by the five senses. The eye is one of the senses that receives the most information. The information obtained is in the form of visual information that can be obtained through displays originating from various sources, then from that information humans take a decision. The current era of reform is that everyone has the same right to be elected as a representative of the people. During the campaign period in all media decorated with advertisements from prospective representatives who fought to gain people's sympathy, one of the most widely used media campaigns was billboards. Billboards are one of the mainstay media in advertising, both products and social service advertisements. Based on this study, it was found that many 2019 election campaign billboards that were made with art considerations were not considerations of readers' comfort which resulted in the non-delivery of information on billboards. Respondents are required to be over 17 years old, have a minimum education of junior high school (high school) in order to know the intentions and goals of billboards for candidates and increase public participation in supporting the success of the 2019 elections. Using 7 questions that have passed the validity test and reliability test , the average rating of respondents is 2.006 in the assessment range 1 to 4, illustrating that most of the billboard campaign designs for the 2019 Election in Taluk Kuantan City have not met ergonomic rules so that the public considers billboards to be less attractive, unsafe and polluting the landscape.
ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA KARYAWAN PADA ADMINISTRASI DAN WORK PLANNER DIVISI PAP 1 PT. IKPP
Authors: Dermawan Dedi
Published: April 2022

PT. Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper is one of the subsidiaries under the Sinarmas Group that the led is Mr. Eka Tjipta Wijaya. The company is a manufacturing company engaged in pulp and paper production. The company location is located at Jl. Raya Perawang - Minas km 26, Desa Pinang Sebatang kec. Tualang district. Siak, Riau Province. PT. IKPP has 106 divisions and 284 sections in its work environment, such as the PAP 1 division, there are 4 units/sections of paper production, including Paper Machine 1 which has 64 employees, Paper Machine 5 has 56 employees, Paper Machine 7 has 73 employees. people, and Paper Machine 8 which has 51 employees working in the field. In each unit/section there is 1 Administration employee and 1 Work Planner employee who takes care of all office administration, sometimes there are employees who are not the same workload so that one employee is unemployed, and the other employee is busy doing piling up work. This makes researchers want to know-how with the workload owned by each employee in this case Administration and Work Planner and changes the workload hours to the number of people needed to complete the work with the FTE (Full Time Equivalent) method. This method can provide information about how heavy the workload of someone who can be categorized into normal, overload, or underload of work from the Administration and work planner and can calculate the number of employees to complete the work based on their FTE value.
ANALISIS TINGKAT RISIKO KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA (K3) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIRARC DI PT. XYZ
Authors: Nur Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Occupational Health and Safety (K3) is an effort to prevent accidents and occupational diseases by recognizing the potential for accidents and occupational diseases. This study aims to determine the potential hazards at the Press station of PT. XYZ, knowing the risks of occupational safety and health and suggestions for prevention or control of occupational safety and health (K3). Data collection techniques using observation and interview methods. The analysis used is HIRARC (hazard identification risk assessment and risk control). Based on the results of this study, the potential hazards include hitting the head on an oil pipeline, slipping/falling, inhalation of dust, exposure to steam/odor, exposure to noise, and being blown away by hot steam. The results using the risk level matrix and the likelihood and concequence values are known to have 1 type of accident at a low risk level, 1 moderate risk level, 2 high risk levels and 2 extreme risk levels for work accidents. Risk control by using PPE in the form of safety helmets, shoes, masks, earplugs, wearpacks. Risk control that can be done is by using PPE in the form of safety helmets, shoes, masks, earplugs, wearpacks.
PENGARUH KARAKTER BAJA S45C PADA PROSES QUENCH – TEMPER
Authors: Selviyanty Veny
Published: April 2022

S45C steel is widely used in the industrial world, one of which is machining construction. problems that often occur in the engine components are worn out, broken, cracks that can be caused due to overload (over load), so the construction design is not as expected. With S45C steel is widely used in the industrial world, one of which is machining construction. problems that often occur in the engine components are worn out, broken, cracks that can be caused due to overload (over load), so the construction design is not as expected. With the above problems, it is desirable for a construction material that is hard and also resilient to prevent damage. Then in order to obtain good results, the components of the machines are then given heat treatment such as hardening which aims to improve the properties of the metal.From the results of testing the hardness obtained the highest value on the quenching test. In impact testing for raw material specimens with an average value of 0.811 J / mm2, in the quenching pesimen the average value was 0.483 J / mm2 and in the tempering tempering was 1.282 J / mm2. From the results of the impact testing, the highest values were found in the tempering templates. The microstructure of JIS S45C steel after heating undergoes a change in microstructure wherein the specimens of tempering ferrite and pearlite structures get smaller and spread, this is due to slow cooling, in contrast to specimens quenching because heat treatment is carried out through temperature and rapid cooling with water media so that the structure does not have enough time to diffuse.
PENERAPAN SIX SIGMA DALAM MEMINIMASI CACAT PRODUK SOUVENIR PADA HOME INDUSTRI MATA KAYU ART
Authors: Dermawan Dedi , Lestari Sri , Yul Faradila Ananda
Published: April 2022

Mata Kayu Art is a center for selling unique souvenirs and furniture, its superior products made of pine wood are placards, sitting clocks, wall clocks, and so on. Home Industry Mata Kayu Art was established in mid-2018, which is located on Jl. Karya, district. Panam, Pekanbaru City. The purpose of this study is to identify the number of defective products and measure the level of sigma and determine the factors that cause defective products so that they can provide suggestions for improvements to the company by redesigning SOPs to reduce defects or defects. The method used is the Six Sigma method, with the steps of Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC). Based on the calculation results that in the souvenir production process two types of defects become Critical to Quality (CTQ), namely broken and cracked, while souvenir products that often experience defects are Plaque products, Key Chain products, and Sitting Clock products which are then obtained Defect values. per Million Opportunity (DPMO) obtained for Broken defects is 11029 and for Cracked defects is 3676 while the sigma value obtained for Broken defects is 3.79 and for Cracked defects is 4.18. The company strives to be able to implement six sigma with the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) stages to improve quality with the hope that there will be no defects or zero defects.

Keywords: Defect; DMAIC; DPMO; Six Sigma.
ANALISIS DAYA GUNA AMPAS TAHU DARI PABRIK TAHU LIN’S KUOK SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN PAKAN SAPI POTONG
Authors: Rais Harfina
Published: April 2022

Feed is important component in the livestock industry. Feed quality provide optimal production in this industry, and vice versa. The cost of feed can reach 60-85% of the cost of production, so the emphasis on feed costs needs to be considered. Industrial waste has the potential to be used as a source of feed, one of which is waste from a tofu factory, namely tofu dregs. Tofu dregs contain high crude protein and high palatability value. The high potential of tofu dregs to be used as a source of animal feed, prompted researchers to conduct a study on the potential use of tofu dregs from the Lin's Kuok tofu factory as a source of protein in beef cattle rations. The results showed that Lin's Kuok Tofu Factory's production of tofu dregs in % DM was 31.44 Kg/day CP, CP 9.53 Kg/day, TDN 24.49 Kg/day. The usability of tofu dregs from Lin's Kuok Tofu Factory is (DM) 5.03 AU, CP 14.44 AU and TDN 5.69 AU.

Keywords: Rations; Tofu Dregs; Feed animal.
PERANCANGAN MESIN PENGOLAH LIMBAH LIDI KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN (CAD)
Authors: Arsi Fadli , Nando Fiky Two
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Riau is one of the areas with the largest oil palm plantation area in Indonesia. In general, oil palm has three types of waste, including: solid waste, liquid waste, and gas waste. Solid waste consists of empty bunches, midribs, stems and mesocarp fibers. The frond waste is generated when trimming the midrib at the time of harvesting oil palm fruit bunches. The oil palm midrib consists of rachis (leaves), pinnacs (leaves), and spines (sticks). The number of leaflets on one midrib ranges from 250-400 leaflets located on the left and right of the midrib. Each leaflet consists of a stick and two leaves. The process of separating sticks is still done manually, so it takes a long time to separate them. So in this study, we designed a palm stick machine using CAD. Designing with CAD provides many advantages including making it easier for designers to design, reducing time, and reducing costs during design. There are three design pictures of palm oil stick waste processing machines. Based on economic calculations, tools and materials needed and processing time, design drawing C is the choice. Next, build a waste treatment machine with reference to the selected design

 

Keywords: stick waste, CAD, Palm Oil
About possibility of using liquid respiration to prevent the development of decompression disorders
Authors: Kotsky Mikhail A. , Bonitenko Evgeny Yu. , Makarov Arthur F. , Kanibolotsky Alexander A. , Kochoyan Arman L. , Litvinov Nikolai A.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The problem of crew emergency evacuation after prolonged hyperbaric conditions is complicated by the extended decompression necessity. It is impossible to reach normal pressure conditions without risk of decompression sickness in the most cases due to large amount of dissolved indifferent gases in the tissues.

Method for indifferent gases eliminating out of tissues to breathing liquid while liquid breathing is proposed. The absence of dissolved gases in the breathing liquid creates the pressure gradient that allows indifferent gases to diffuse through the alveolar-capillary barrier from the blood into the breathing liquid.

The purpose of the study is to assess the possibility of liquid breathing application to prevent the development of decompression disorders after a long previous stay in conditions of excessive pressure of the gas environment.

Materials and methods. Syrian hamsters, 4 months old, 120–140 g weight were used in the study. A mixture of perfluorodecalin and perfluorohexane 40:60 ratio was used as a breathing liquid. The animals were divided into four groups: control (№ 1) and three experimental by liquid breathing duration (№ 2, № 3 and № 4 was 15, 30 and 60 minutes, respectively).

For isobaric transition from gas to liquid breathing the special test bed was designed. The decompression sickness simulation in laboratory animals was carried out by ultrafast decompression (within 15 seconds) after a 60-minute exposure of 0.6 MPa air gauge pressure. The research method is based on the assessment of decompression disorders clinical picture and pathomorphological studies. The duration of the decompression sickness latent period, severity, animals’ lethality, the average animals’ lethal time, rectal temperature, results of pathomorphological examinations were evaluated. Results. Decompression sickness symptoms such as twitches, convulsions and paresis were observed in the № 1 group animals. Rather less explicit symptoms of decompression sickness were found in the group № 2 in comparison of group № 1. It was assessed by clinical pictures and pathomorphological examinations. Decompression sickness symptoms were not found in none of animals of the groups № 3 and № 4. Conclusions. The technology of liquid breathing with oxygenated and denitrogenated normobaric breathing liquid while hyperbaric conditions is possible to be applied for decompression sickness prevention. The dissolved in tissues nitrogen removal degree depends on the liquid breathing duration.
Fungsi professional Guru
Authors: Aditiyas M.Ryan Dwi
Published: April 2022

Guru dapat digolongkan sebagai sebuah profesi, sebab menjadi guru dituntutmemiliki keahlian yang di mana akan di dapat melalui pendidikan dan latihan.Profesi guru juga memiliki jabatan yang memerlukan keahlian khusus sebagaiguru dan tidak dapat dilakukan oleh sebagian orang diluar sana. Oleh karenaitu, menjadi seorang guru tentu memiliki syarat-syarat di bidang spesialis ilmudan tentunya memiliki kode etik jabatan. Menjadi seorang guru memerlukanpersiapan dalam pendidikan dan pelatihan secara khusus, jadi guru dapatdigolongkan sebagai profesi. Dalam Undang-Undang No. 14 Tahun 2005, dapatdi katakan bahwa guru adalah pendidik yang profesional dengan tugasutamanya ialah mendidik, megajar, membimbing, mengarahkan, melatih,menilai, dan mengevaluasi peserta didik. Guru dapat diartikan sebagai orangyang memiliki tugas yang beterkaitan dengan mengupayakan mencerdasakankehidupan bangsa dalam aspeknya, baik spritual dan emosional, intelektual,fisikal, maupun aspek lainnya (Bambang Subiyakto & Helmi Akmal, 2020: 37).Menruut Undang-Undang No.14 Tahun 2005 tentang guru dan dosen, bahwaguru wajib memiliki kualifikasi akademik, kompetensi, sertifikat pendidik,sehat jasmani dan rohani, serta wajib memiliki kemampuan untukmewujudukan tujuan pendidikan nasional.
Peran dan Fungsi Teknologi Dalam Inovasi Pendidikan Abad 21
Authors: Dony
Published: April 2022

Inovasi dalam bidang pendidikan sangatlah diperlukan karena itu sangat terkait dengan masalah mutu, efesiensi, mutu, efektifitas dan masalah struktur. Selain itu, Proses inovasi memiliki karakteristik mengenai adanya kebutuhan, kejelasan, kualitas dan ke praktisan yang berjalan karakteristik masyarakat lokal, maka dibutuhkan peran teknologi untuk menunjang keberhasilan proses inovasi pendidikan. Menurut Zamroni (2019), pendidikan abad-21 sangat menekankan pada relevansi antara pendidikan dengan kebutuhan dan masalah di abad-21. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan inovasi terhadap pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Inovasi bidang pendidikan abad-21 dapat dilaksanakan dengan pembelajaran melalui berbagai variasi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang sedang berkembangsekarang.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NASIONAL DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Huzain Hasriany
Published: April 2022

Di dalam teori ekonomi, pendapatan nasionl merupakan salah satu bagian yang menarik perhatian untuk dibicarakan. Pendapatan nasional sampai saat ini masih tetap dianggap orang sebagai pilar utama penyangga politik ekonomi. Artinya, ke arah peningkatan pendapatan nasional itulah hampir semua kebijaksanaan di bidang perekonomian difokuskan.
Teaching Open and Reproducible Scholarship: A Critical Review of the Evidence Base for Current Pedagogical Methods and their Outcomes
Authors: Pownall Madeleine , Azevedo Flavio , König Laura M , Slack Hannah Rachael , Evans Thomas Rhys , Flack Zoe , Grinschgl Sandra , Elsherif Mahmoud Medhat , Gilligan-Lee Katie Anne , Oliveira Catia Margarida , Gjoneska Biljana , Kanadadze Tamara , Button Katherine Susan , Ashcroft-Jones Sarah , Terry Jenny , Albayrak-Aydemir Nihan , Dechterenko Filip , Alzahawi Shilaan , Baker Bradley James , Pittelkow Merle-Marie , Riedl Lydia , Schmidt Kathleen , Pennington Charlotte Rebecca , Shaw John J , Lüke Timo , Makel Matthew C. , Hartmann Helena , Zaneva Mirela , Walker Daniel , Verheyen Steven , Cox Daniel Joshua , Mattschey Jennifer , Gallagher-Mitchell Thomas , Branney Peter , Weisberg Yanna J , Izydorczak Kamil , Al-Hoorie Ali H. , Creaven Ann-Marie , Stewart Suzanne L. K. , Krautter Kai , Matvienko-Sikar Karen , Westwood Samuel James , Arriaga Patricia , Liu Meng , Baum Myriam A. , Wingen Tobias , Ross Robert M , O'Mahony Aoife , Bochynska Agata , Jamieson Michelle Kimberly , Vel Tromp Myrthe , Yeung Siu Kit , Vasilev Martin R. , Gourdon-Kanhukamwe Amélie , Micheli Leticia , Konkol Markus , Moreau David , Bartlett James Edward , Brekelmans Gwen , Gkinopoulos Theofilos , Tyler Samantha Lily , Röer Jan Philipp , Ilchovska Zlatomira , Madan Christopher R , Robertson Olly May , Iley Bethan Joan , Guay Samuel , Sladekova Martina , Sadhwani Shanu , FORRT
Published: April 2022

In recent years, the scientific community has called for improvements in the credibility, robustness, and reproducibility of research, characterized by increased interest and promotion of open and transparent research practices. While progress has been positive, there is a lack of consideration about how this approach can be embedded into undergraduate and postgraduate research training. Specifically, a critical overview of the literature which investigates how integrating open and reproducible science may influence student outcomes is needed. In this paper, we provide the first critical review of literature surrounding the integration of open and reproducible scholarship into teaching and learning and its associated outcomes in students. Our review highlighted how embedding open and reproducible scholarship appears to be associated with (1) students’ scientific literacies (i.e., students’ understanding of open research, consumption of science, and the development of transferable skills); (2) student engagement (i.e., motivation and engagement with learning, collaboration, and engagement in open research), and (3) students’ attitudes towards science (i.e., trust in science and confidence in research findings). However, our review also identified a need for more robust and rigorous methods within pedagogical research, including more interventional and experimental evaluations of teaching practice. We discuss implications for teaching and learning scholarship.
Correcting bias in extreme groups design using a missing data approach
Authors: Chen Lihan , Fouladi Rachel T.
Published: April 2022

Extreme groups design (EGD) refers to the use of a screening variable to inform further data collection, such that only participants with the lowest and highest scores are recruited in subsequent stages of the study. It is an effective way to improve the power of a study under a limited budget, but produces biased standardized estimates. We demonstrate that the bias in EGD results from its inherent missing at random mechanism, which can be corrected using modern missing data techniques such as full information maximum likelihood. Further, we provide a tutorial on computing correlations in EGD data with FIML using R.
Concealment Stigma: The Social Costs of Concealing
Authors: Le Forestier Joel Michel , Page-Gould Elizabeth , Chasteen Alison L.
Published: April 2022

People with concealable stigmatized identities often conceal to avoid facing prejudice anddiscrimination. Yet, this strategy carries risk; concealment may engender social costs. Across five studies in which participants (total n = 1992) were recruited from an online pool (Prolific) and an institutional undergraduate pool, we found that people who conceal, relative to people who disclose, were viewed as less moral and sociable (Studies 1-2B) regardless of the identity being concealed (Studies 2A-2B), and that these effects were moderated by whether or not an outgroup identity was claimed in the course of concealment (Study 2C) and the motivation for concealment (Study 3). Results suggest that concealment is strongly stigmatized, a fact which places members of already-stigmatized groups in a challenging situation wherein they must risk either the stigma of their identity or that of concealment. Pre-registrations, materials, code, and data for all studies are available on the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/g7zjw/.
Exploring psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 mandates in children with and without autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Romero Celia , Kupis Lauren , Goodman Zachary T. , Dirks Bryce , Baez Adriana , Beaumont Amy L. , Cardona Sandra M. , Parlade Meaghan , Alessandri Michael , Nomi Jason S. , Perry Lynn K. , Uddin Lucina Q.
Published: April 2022

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are particularly at risk for adverse psychosocial consequences as a result of unexpected challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These children experience a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety, difficulties with cognitive flexibility, and a reduction in support services during the pandemic. Higher executive function (EF) has been previously found to be protective against negative mental health outcomes. Here we probed the psychosocial impacts of pandemic responses in children with ASD by relating pre-pandemic (EF) measures with mental health outcomes measured several months into the pandemic. We found that pre-existing inhibition and shift difficulties measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function predicted higher risk of anxiety symptoms, with shift difficulties also predicting elevated depressive symptoms during the pandemic. These findings are critical for promoting community recovery and maximizing clinical preparedness to support children at increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes.
Computing Gender
Authors: Vasarhelyi Orsolya , Brooke Siân
Published: April 2022

Studying gender presents unique challenges to data science. Recent work in the spirit of computational social science returns to critical approach to operationalisation providing a fresh perspective on this important topic. In this chapter we highlight works that examines gender computationally, describing how they employ levels of feminist theory to challenge gender inequality at the micro, meso, and macro level. We argue that paying critical attention to how we infer and analyze gender is fruitfully in understanding society and the contributions of research. We also present various sources and methods to infer gender and provide examples of the application of such methods. We conclude by outlining the way forward for computational methods in how gender and intersectional inequality is studied.This is a draft. The final version will be available in Handbook of Computational Social Science edited by Taha Yasseri, forthcoming 2023, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. The material cannot be used for any other purpose without further permission of the publisher and is for private use only. Please cite as: Vasarhelyi, O., & Brooke, S.(2023). Computing Gender. In: T. Yasseri (Ed.), Handbook of Computational Social Science. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
Editorial
Authors: Kądziela Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Editorial, LC nr 1, author: Małgorzata Kądziela
Biodiversity and Temporal Diversity in Archaeological Landscapes: Towards a New Perception
Authors: Matteini Tessa
Published: April 2022

Reflecting on several crucial issues regarding the protection, planning, and management of archaeological landscapes from the point of view of the Discipline of Landscape Architecture, the article focusses on the roles of the vegetal component and plant biodiversity in the landscaping of archaeological sites.After outlining a background framework of the theoretical, cultural, and ecological relationships between vegetation and ruins adopting a landscape architecture approach, the article proposes a set of conceptual and operational tools to deal with active and inventive1 conservation of archaeological landscapes, striving to adopt the “strong forward-looking” attitude recommended by the European Landscape Convention (Florence 2000).By re-reading the consolidated concept of biodiversity (CBD, 1992) according to a different research dimension, the concept of temporal diversity is explored and proposed as a key issue in the interpretation and planning of layered landscapes. Focusing in particular on design issues in the management of ruin and vegetation integration, an innovative approach is presented in regards to various greenery-related potentialities in the landscaping and management of archaeological sites.The article’s concluding remarks aim to open new trans-disciplinary windows of research on active and inventive conservation of archaeological landscapes to foster further exploration of this potentially broad ambit of investigation.
МІКРОКОНВЕРТОРИ – ОСНОВА СУЧАСНИХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ТЕЛЕКОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Новосядлий С. П. , Грига В. М. , Мельник Р. В. , Павлишин А. В.
Published: April 2022

В цій статті розглядаються пристрої які здійснюють обробку аналогових сигналів в цифровому вигляді – мікроконвертори. В таких пристроях вхідний аналоговий сигнал спочатку надходить на аналого-цифровий перетворювач після цього на мікроконтролер в цифровому вигляді, мікроконтролер здійснює обробку значень відповідно до програми і передає дані на цифро-аналоговий перетворювач який відтворює оброблений аналоговий сигнал. Таким чином, сигнал, пройшовши “наскрізно”, зазнає обробки.
Проведено огляд пристроїв високої швидкодії та розроблено ряд програмно-схемотехнічних реалізацій для конструювання мікро-конверторів в сучасних інформаційно-телекомунікаційних системах.
Проведено огляд та аналіз мікроконтролерів їхньої архітектури, периферії, характеристик. Ці параметри розглядались у контексті їхнього використання для обробки сигналів у складі мікроконверторів.
Наведені способи реалізації аналого-цифрового перетворення за допомогою вбудованої периферії мікроконтролерів, зовнішніх пристроїв аналого-цифрового перетворення. Також описаний процес аналого-цифрового перетворення послідовного наближення.
Наведено спосіб цифро-аналогового перетворення за допомогою широтно-імпульсної модуляції від мікроконтролера та з використанням фільтра Батерворта другого порядку.
Проведено якісний аналіз операцій обробки аналогових сигналів у цифровому вигляді за допомогою мікроконтролера.
The Schrödinger equations generated by q-Bessel operator in quantum calculus
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyev Eurasian National University, Shaimardan S. , Tokmagambetov N.S. ,   L.N. Gumilyev Eurasian National University,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we obtain exact solutions of a new modification of the Schrödinger equation related to the Bessel q-operator. The theorem is proved on the existence of this solution in the Sobolev-type space W^2_q(R^+_q) in the q-calculus. The results on correctness in the corresponding spaces of the Sobolev-type are obtained. For simplicity, we give results involving fractional q-difference equations of real order a > 0 and given real numbers in q-calculus. Numerical treatment of fractional q-difference equations is also investigated. The obtained results can be used in this field and be supplement for studies in this field.
Mathematical modeling of the energy consumption problem
Authors:   Bahcesehir University, Ashyralyev A. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University),   Institute of Mathematics and Mathematical Modeling, Urun M. ,   Near East University,   Galatasaray University, Parmaksizoglu I.C. ,   Istanbul Technical University
Published: April 2022

The importance of energy-saving and correct design is obvious for energy efficiency. Correct design means that before construction considerable things, such as orientation or isolation decisions, need to be made. This study gives a mathematical model of the nonstationary energy consumption calculation problems. The model is well-posedness in Holder spaces of the mixed one-dimensional parabolic problem with Robin boundary conditions. In this study, an effective numerical method is also developed for energy consumption calculation which is related to this mathematical model. The three case problems are taken to test this numerical method. The dynamic model results have been compared with the previous finite-difference or steady-state solutions. The study also aims to develop a mathematical model in which the result can be found at any time.
An inverse problem for Hilfer type differential equation of higher order
Authors:   National University of Uzbekistan, Yuldashev T.K. , Kadirkulov B.J. ,   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Mamedov Kh.R. ,   Igdir University
Published: April 2022

In three-dimensional domain, an identification problem of the source function for Hilfer type partial differential equation of the even order with a condition in an integral form and with a small positive parameter in the mixed derivative is considered. The solution of this fractional differential equation of a higher order is studied in the class of regular functions. The case, when the order of fractional operator is 0 < α < 1, is studied. The Fourier series method is used and a countable system of ordinary differential equations is obtained. The nonlocal boundary value problem is integrated as an ordinary differential equation. By the aid of given additional condition, we obtained the representation for redefinition (source) function. Using the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality and the Bessel inequality, we proved the absolute and uniform convergence of the obtained Fourier series.
On the stability of the difference analogue of the boundary value problem for a mixed type equation
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Bakanov G.B. , Meldebekova S.K. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: April 2022

This paper considers a difference problem for a mixed-type equation, to which a problem of integral geometry for a family of curves satisfying certain regularity conditions is reduced. These problems are related to numerous applications, including interpretation problem of seismic data, problem of interpretation of Xray images, problems of computed tomography and technical diagnostics. The study of difference analogues of integral geometry problems has specific difficulties associated with the fact that for finite-difference analogues of partial derivatives, basic relations are performed with a certain shift in the discrete variable. In this regard, many relations obtained in a continuous formulation, when transitioned to a discrete analogue, have a more complex and cumbersome form, which requires additional studies of the resulting terms with a shift. Another important feature of the integral geometry problem is the absence of a theorem for existence of a solution in general case. Consequently, the paper uses the concept of correctness according to A.N.Tikhonov, particularly, it is assumed that there is a solution to the problem of integral geometry and its differential-difference analogue. The stability estimate of the difference analogue of the boundary value problem for a mixed-type equation obtained in this work is vital for understanding the effectiveness of numerical methods for solving problems of geotomography, medical tomography, flaw detection, etc. It also has a great practical significance in solving multidimensional inverse problems of acoustics, seismic exploration.
Natural Estrogens as a Component of Hormonal Contraceptives: Impact on Sexual Function, Depression, and Quality of Women’s Life
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Gabidullina R.I. ,   Kazan, Russian Federation, Galimyanova E.I. ,   Kazan State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Kazan, Russian Federation, Salakhova R.R. ,   Kazan City Clinical Hospital No. 7; Kazan, Russian Federation, Kashapova E.O. ,   Kazan City Clinical Hospital No. 7; Kazan, Russian Federation, Kalimullina G.N. ,   Kazan City Clinical Hospital No. 7; Kazan, Russian Federation, Orlov Yu.V. ,   Kazan State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Study Objective: To evaluate the impact of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) containing 17β-estradiol/nomegestrol acetate and ethinylestradiol/drospirenone, on the sexual function, depression prevalence and severity, and quality of women’s life. Study Design: Randomised prospective non-interventional comparative parallel-group clinical study. Materials and Methods. The study included 90 women requiring contraception aged 18 to 45 years old (mean age: 29.9 (6.2) years old). Patients were randomised into two groups: group I (n = 45) took 1.5 mg of 17β-estradiol and 2.5 mg of nomegestrol acetate (E2/NОMAC); group II (n = 45) — 20 μg of ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone (20EE/DRSP). Health Survey Short Form 36 (SF-36) of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-6), Beck Depression Inventory initially and after 6 months of COC were used for questionnaire. Study Results. After 6 months of E2/NОMAC therapy, patients had better lubrication (from 4 [3; 4] to 5 [5; 5] [points, p < 0.001) and higher female sexual function index (from 24 [22; 26] to 26 [24; 28] points, p = 0.01); reduced depression prevalence and intensity on Beck Inventory (from 7 [5, 11] to 6 [3, 7] points, p = 0.005); improved quality of life in the domain “physical functioning” (from 95 [80; 100] to 95 [95; 100] points, р = 0.03), and improved overall mental health component (from 34 [31; 38] to 38 [34; 41] points, р = 0.005). When 20EE/DRSP was used, there was no dynamics in FSFI-6 Questionnaire and Beck Inventory; however, patients demonstrated improved overall mental health component (from 43.7 [34; 51] to 48.6 [43; 52] points, р = 0.02) as well as improved physical (from 100 [95; 100] to 100 [100; 100] points, р = 0.03) and emotional functioning (from 100 [67; 100] to 100 [100; 100] points, р = 0.04). Conclusion. 6-month therapy with E2/NОMAC-containing COCs has positive effect on sexuality and promotes reduction in depression intensity, unlike COCs containing 20EE/DRSP which improve the quality of women’s life to a greater extent. Keywords: combined oral contraceptives, 17β-estradiol, nomegestrol acetate, ethinylestradiol, drospirenone, sexual function, depression, quality of life.
Critical Obstetric Conditions in the Far East Federal District of Russia Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Chita State Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Belokrinitskaya T.E. ,   Chita, Russian Federation, Filippov O.S. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Frolova N.I. ,   Chita State Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Chita, Russian Federation, Kolmakova K.A. ,   Chita State Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Chita, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Study Objective. To assess the structure and indicators of critical obstetric conditions and maternal deaths in the Far East Federal District of Russia before (2019) and during (2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. Study Design: Retrospective comparative analysis. Material and methods. We have reviewed medical records on near misses (NM) and maternal deaths (MD) for 2019 (194 and 17, respectively) and 2020 (207 and 19, respectively). Descriptive statistics, cross tables analysis with evaluation of the Pearson’s chi-square and p-value, odds ratio calculation at 95%CI were used for mathematic data processing. Study Results. In 2019 and 2020, maternal death rate was 18.7 and 21.1 per 100,000 live births, respectively. Obstetric causes of maternal deaths demonstrated statistically significant reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) (26.3% vs 76.5% in 2019, р < 0.05); the ratio of life-threatening conditions (NMs and MDs) grew from 2.3 to 2.5; and COC (NM) coefficient soared from 2.1 to 2.3 per 100,000 life births. Reduction in the survival index from 11.4 to 10.9 and increase in the death index from 8.1% to 8.4% can evidence poorer quality of medical care. Conclusion. Analysis of trends and indicators of the critical obstetric conditions allows evaluating the system of organisational and medical measures, revealing issues with obstetrics services and finding additional resources to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality during the emergency situation caused by COVID-19. Кeywords: critical obstetric conditions, near miss, maternal deaths, COVID-19.
Electromechanical modeling of energy harvesting for FRP composite structures coupled with piezoelectric transducers
Authors: UCAR Hakan
Published: April 2022

Supplanting of metals by composites is on the rise for the last three decades in the aerospace, marine and automotive industry following the trend of electrification and indigenous design approaches. In parallel, piezoelectric (PZT) sensors and energy harvesters have gained significant attention due to their applicability and efficacy for microscale power generation systems. From a new perspective, embedding PZT sensors into composite structures will be beneficial in many aspects. Condition monitoring can be performed by using the sensing capability of PZTs while vibration can be controlled by means of its excitation capability. Besides, energy harvesting can be employed due to the mechanical forces exerted on the coupled structure. It is critical to create an accurate numerical modeling of electromechanical coupling for the investigation of efficiency of PZT sensors. In this paper, electromechanical modeling of a Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite structure with an embedded PZT patch is presented and validated with an experimental setup. Afterwards, the energy harvesting capability of a PZT patch embedded in the FRP structure is investigated.
On a new ichthyosaur of the genus Undorosaurus
Authors: Arkhangelsky M.S. , Zverkov N.G.
Published: April 2022

A new species of ichthyosaur genus Undorosaurus from the Volgian stage of Moscow is described based on an incomplete forelimb. It differs from congeners basically in the form and position of pisiforme. With the application of cladistic method the phylogenetic position of two genera Undorosaurus and Paraophthalmosaurus in the system of Ichthyosauridae is defined. Both taxa are referred to the clade Ophthalmosaurinae.