bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement in Sizing Constrained Analog IC via Ts-CPD Algorithm
Authors: Lagos-Eulogio Pedro , Miranda-Romagnoli Pedro , Seck-Tuoh-Mora Juan Carlos , Hernández-Romero Norberto
Published: October 2023

In this work, we propose a variation of the cellular particle swarm optimization algorithm with differential evolution hybridization (CPSO-DE), to include constrained optimization in it, named Ts-CPD. It is implemented as a kernel of electronic design automation (EDA) tool capable of sizing circuit components considering a single-objective design with restrictions and constraints. The aim is to improve the optimization solutions in the sizing of analog circuits. To evaluate our proposal’s performance, we present the design of three analog circuits: a deferential amplifier, a two-stage operational amplifier, and a folded cascode operational transconductance amplifier. Numerical simulation results indicate that Ts-CPD can find better solutions, in terms of the design objective and the accomplishment of constraints, than those reported in previous works.
Development and Characterization of Thiolated Cyclodextrin-Based Nanoparticles for Topical Delivery of Minoxidil
Authors: Akhter Ammara , Waqas Muhammad Khurram , Mahmood Arshad , Tanvir Saira , Hussain Talib , Kazi Mohsin , Ijaz Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The aim of this research was to prepare adhesive nanoparticles for the topical application of Minoxidil (MXD). Methods: Thiolated β-CDs were prepared via conjugation of cysteamine with oxidized CDs. MXD was encapsulated within thiolated and unmodified β-CDs. Nanoparticles (Thio-NP and blank NP) were prepared by ionic gelation of CDs with chitosan. Particle size and zeta potential were measured. FTIR analyses were performed for characterization of inclusion complex. Drug dissolution studies were carried out. An in vitro adhesion study over human hair was performed. An in vivo skin irritation study was performed. Ex vivo drug uptake was evaluated by using a Franz diffusion cell. Results: Thiolated β-CDs presented 1804.68 ± 25 μmol/g thiol groups and 902.34 ± 25 μmol/g disulfide bonds. Nanoparticles displayed particle sizes within a range of 231 nm to 319 nm. The zeta potential was in the range of ̶ 8.1 to + 12.0. FTIR analyses confirmed no interaction between the excipients and drug. Delayed drug release was observed from Thio-NP. Thio-NP retained over hair surfaces for a significantly longer time. Similarly, drug retention was significantly improved. Thio-NP displayed no irritation over rabbit skin. Conclusion: Owing to the above results, nanoparticles developed with MXD-loaded thiolated β-CDs might be a potential drug delivery system for topical scalp diseases.
Optimal Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Shintakuya Ryuta , Uemura Kenichiro , Sumiyoshi Tatsuaki , Okada Kenjiro , Baba Kenta , Harada Takumi , Murakami Yoshiaki , Serikawa Masahiro , Ishii Yasutaka , Arihiro Koji , Takahashi Shinya
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the optimal extent of lymphadenectomy in patients with nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of patients with nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms who underwent surgical resection. We investigated the frequency of metastases at each lymph node station according to tumor location and analyzed the factors contributing to poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Overall, data of 84 patients were analyzed. For pancreatic head tumors, metastases at stations 8, 13, and 17 were found in one (3.1%), four (12.5%), and three (9.3%) patients, respectively. However, none of the other stations showed metastases. For pancreatic body and tail tumors, only metastases at station 11 were found in two (5.1%) patients. Additionally, multivariate DFS and OS analyses showed that lymph node metastasis was the only independent prognostic factor. Lymph node metastasis was found near the primary tumor and was the only independent factor of poor prognosis in patients with nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms after undergoing curative surgery. Peri-pancreatic lymphadenectomy might be recommended for nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Discussion on Genetic Types and Sources of Natural Gas in Y5 Well Area on the North Slope of Baiyun Sag
Authors: Peng Guangrong , Liu Jun , Wang Xudong , Zhang Lili , Chen Cong , Sun Hui , Li Jijun , Huang Yuping
Published: October 2023

In recent years, the genesis of natural gas and the definition of major gas source rocks in the Baiyun Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin have attracted extensive attention from scholars. There is still considerable controversy over the genesis and the main gas source rocks of natural gas. In this study, the chemical kinetics method of natural gas generation and carbon isotope fractionation was used to study the generation history and isotope evolution history of Paleogene natural gas in the Y5 well area located on the north slope of Baiyun Sag. And other geochemical discriminant methods were applied simultaneously to determine the type and source rocks of natural gas. The results show that the natural gas in the Y5 well area on the northern slope of Baiyun Sag is mainly kerogen degradation gas, mixed with a small amount of oil cracking gas. The mixture of kerogen degradation gas and a small amount of crude oil cracking gas caused the inversion of the carbon isotope sequence of ethane and propane. The natural gas in the Y5 well area mainly comes from delta–shallow lacustrine facies source rock. The high–quality reservoirs in the shallower strata accumulate natural gas generated in the early stage, and the tight reservoirs in the deeper strata mainly accumulate natural gas generated in the late stage.
Smart Ecological Points, a Strategy to Face the New Challenges in Solid Waste Management in Colombia
Authors: Vesga Ferreira Juan Carlos , Sepulveda Faver Adrian Amorocho , Perez Waltero Harold Esneider
Published: October 2023

The management and classification of solid waste is one of the most important challenges around the world, in order to sustain economic growth and preserve the environment. The objective is to propose the use of Smart Ecological Points as a strategy to address the problem related to the solid waste management system at the source, which has become one of the biggest problems globally and Colombia is no exception. The article describes the current state of the problem in the country and in turn, presents the possibility of developing a prototype corresponding to a low-cost Smart Ecological Point supported by the use of an experimental capacitive sensor and Machine Learning algorithms, which will reduce the time necessary for the classification of recyclable and non recyclable waste, minimizing the health risks and increasing the percentage of waste that can be reused, by reducing the probability of being contaminated at the source, an aspect that is very common when done manually. According to the results obtained, it was evident that the proposed prototype made an adequate classification of waste, generating the possibility of being manufactured with existing technology in the environment, in order to promote adequate waste classification at the source.
Vaccinating against Cancer – How to Force the Quatrature of the Circle
Authors: Giese Matthias
Published: October 2023

There are compelling evidences that the immune system is to confer protection not only against foreign pathogens but also against cancer. But if the immune system can’t detect every malignant cell, and at the same time a suitable tumor microenvironment (TME) is formed by inflammatory processes, a carcinogenesis is not longer to be blocked. Once the tumor cells have found their niche, the tumor cells are trained by immune cells turned inside out in how to deal with the immune system "out there". The TME is a training camp and protected space for tumor cells. The Corona crisis has revived a therapeutic approach that was thought to be almost dead: RNA vaccines. Despite decades of research and many clinical studies, no registered RNA cancer vaccine exists today. But the SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccines against COVID-19 disease have demonstrated their dangerous weaknesses. RNA vaccines manipulate the innate immunity and make the body susceptible to any viral infection. There is also the possibility of integration into the genome. The few approved therapeutic cancer vaccines show little effect. Despite some successes, immunotherapies remain ineffective for most patients with cancer. Powerful therapeutic cancer vaccines remain an unfulfilled dream, a misconception.
Is the β3-Adrenoceptor a Valid Target for the Treatment of Obesity and/or Type 2 Diabetes?
Authors: Dwaib Haneen S. , Michel Martin C.
Published: October 2023

β3-Adrenoceptors mediate several functions in rodents that could be beneficial for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This includes promotion of insulin release from the pancreas, of cellular glucose uptake, of lipolysis, and of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. In combination, they lead to a reduction of body weight in several rodent models including ob/ob mice and Zucker diabetic fatty rats. These findings stimulated drug development programs in various pharmaceutical companies, and at least nine β3-adrenoceptor agonists have been tested in clinical trials. However, all of these projects were discontinued due to lack of clinically relevant changes of body weight. Following a concise historical account of discoveries leading to such drug development programs we discuss species differences that explain why β3-adrenoceptors are not a meaningful drug target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans.
EDDformer: A New Decoder for Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Urban Scene Imagery
Authors: Liu Bing , Gao Yansheng , Hu Tongye , Zhao Hongwei
Published: October 2023

Semantic segmentation of remote sensing urban scene imagery is a pixel-wise prediction, which is applied to identify the land-cover or land-use category. However, semantic segmentation demands huge computation cost. In order to reduce the huge computation cost, a common method is to introduce transformer and CNN hybrid method to have a good trade-off between accuracy and computation cost. However, recent CNN-transformer hybrid methods often capture local-global context and cross-window interaction information simultaneously. Then they introduce the local-global context to fuse the local feature, which repeat fuse the local and global feature and result in the additional computation cost. And previous methods often ignore to filter the local and global feature. To fix the problem, we design a lightweight decoder-EDDformer, which is Efficient Global Value Transformer with Dynamic Gatefusion module. Efficient global value transformer only response for extracting global feature. Dynamic Gatefusion module filter the local and global semantic feature and fuse them to capture the local-global context in one time. Extensive experiments reveal that our method not only runs faster but also achieves higher accuracy compared with other state-of-the-art lightweight models.
Green Hydrogen for communities: Cutting fossil-CO2 for buildings and vehicles in UK
Authors: Kendall Dr Kevin
Published: October 2023

This paper defines the two main causes of global warming in the UK and seeks to cut climate change using green hydrogen made from renewable electricity sources. Combustion vehicles powered by fossil gasoline and diesel emit a third of UK climate-warming CO2 while buildings heated by natural gas provide a quarter. First, current UK grid problems are defined: Electricity grid, gas grid and petroleum grid. Then experiments on the private energy community of Keele University allow electrolysis demonstrations producing green hydrogen for buildings and vehicle refueling. Next, the model supply chain is planned and tested. Finally, experiments and calculations are outlined, analyzing the optimum system design criteria proposed. We conclude that economic green hydrogen can displace diesel and gasoline in vehicle transport, while also displacing natural gas for combined heat and power in buildings. In addition, the prospect in 2023 is that profits can now be made all along the green hydrogen supply chain, such that new businesses involved in clean communities can beat the National Grid monopoly and other large dominant fossil grid companies.
Impact of Conization Type, Cone Volume and Dimensions on the Persistence/Recurrence of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2–3
Authors: Medina Bueno Gonzalo Arturo , Fernández-Montolí María Eulàlia , Ponce Sebastià Jordi , Peñafiel Muñoz Judith
Published: October 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between the type of conization, the volume and dimensions of the cone, with the persistence/recurrence of CIN 2-3, presence of affected margins and post-cone HR-HPV positivity.
Methods: 227 women treated with LLETZ and histologically confirmed CIN2-3 were evaluated between 1996 and 2006 and followed up until June 2016. Age, type of resection according to IFCPC 2011, volume, cone dimensions, margins were studied. of resection, post-cone high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) status and viral load. Determinants of HR-HPV positivity were estimated using unconditional logistic regression and time to recurrence was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves.
Results: Persistent/recurrent CIN2-3 was found in 12 cases (5.2%), type 1 conization was performed in 81 patients, with 5 recurrences (6.1%), type 2 in 101 patients, with 6 recurrences (5 .9%) and type 3 resection in 45 women, with 1 recurrence (2.2%). Volume and dimensions were not associated with recurrence. The Log-Rank Test did not show a significant difference between the 3 treatments (p= 0.18). The free margins in type 1 were 37%, in type 2 resection 61% and in type 3 71% (p=0.001). Resection type 1 had 15% HR-HPV post positive cone, type 2 reached 16% and type 3 had 9%, this difference being non-significant (p=0.58). The incidence of recurrence at 36 months in type 1 resection was 0.08%, in type 2 treatment it was 0.04% and in type 3 resection it was 0.0%.
Conclusions : Type 3 resection had a higher proportion of free margins and lower post-cone HR-HPV positivity, with a lower incidence of persistence/recurrence.
Chrysin Mediates the Induction of Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells via the Inhibition of the WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Çetinkaya Sümeyra
Published: October 2023

Chrysin, a flavonoid compound, has attracted interest as a therapeutic agent due to its anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidepressant, and particularly its anticancer properties. Although studies have presented findings regarding the anticancer properties of chrysin, research on its molecular mechanisms of action remains largely insufficient. This research aimed to deeply investigate chrysin's effects on the breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, in terms of proliferation, invasion, colony formation, and apoptosis. The XTT test results confirmed chrysin's cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating a 48-hour IC50 value of 115.77 µM. Chrysin induced apoptosis in cells, as evidenced by Annexin V assay, and also reduced their colony-forming and invasion. Gene expression analyses showed elevated levels of APC, AXIN1, AXIN2, GSK3A, GSK3B, CK1α, CTNNB1, as well as apoptosis-related genes CASP3, -7, -9, and BAX. This increase was corroborated by the observed rise in protein levels of caspase 3/7 and GSK3B. Moreover, molecular docking results showed that chrysin interacted with genes in the WNT/β-catenin pathway and exhibited drug-like ADME properties. In conclusion, chrysin exhibits potential anticancer effects against MDA-MB-231 cells. It is hoped that these findings will advance preclinical and clinical studies on chrysin's potential in breast cancer treatment.
Current Status of Protein Biomarkers in Urolithiasis – a Review of the Recent Literature
Authors: Lasota Aleksandra , Wasilewska Anna , Rybi-Szumińska Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

Urolithiasis is an increasingly common clinical problem worldwide. The formation of stones is a combination of metabolic status, environmental factors, family history and many other aspects. It’s important to find new ways to quickly detect and assess urolithiasis because it causes sudden, severe pain and often comes back. One way to do this is by exploring new biomarkers. Current advances in proteomic studies provide a great opportunity for breakthroughs in this field. The study focuses on protein biomarkers and their connection to kidney damage and inflammation during urolithiasis.
Tropical Cyclonic Energy Variability in North Indian Ocean: Insights from ENSO
Authors: Das Debanjana , Chiao Sen , Roychoudhury Chayan , Khan Fatema , Chaudhuri Sutapa , Mukherjee Sayantika
Published: October 2023

Tropical cyclones (TC) are one of the deadliest natural meteorological hazards and the most frequent cause of natural disasters. The El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction, is known to significantly impact cyclonic systems over global ocean basins. This study investigates the variability of TC activity in presence of ENSO over the North Indian Ocean (NIO), comprising of the Arabian Sea (ARB) and the Bay of Bengal (BOB) basins during the pre- and post-monsoon season, using accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) over the last 26 years. Our analysis reveals a significant rise in cyclone intensity over the past two decades, with eight of the ten most active years occurring since the 2000s. Total ACE over the NIO is found to be higher in La-Niña. Higher ACE observed over ARB is strongly associated with a combination of elevated sea surface height (SSH) anomaly and low vertical wind shear during the El-Niño episodes, with higher sea surface temperatures (SST) during the post-monsoon season. Whereas in the BOB, El Niño not only reduces ACE but also decreases basin-wide variability, and more pronounced effect during the post-monsoon season, coinciding with warmer SST and higher SSH along the coast during La-Niña.
The Predicting Potential of the Human Leukocyte Antigen-G and Galectin-13 Levels in the Amniotic Fluid and Maternal Blood for Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Vincze Márió , Surányi Andrea , Molnár András , Földesi Imre , Sikovanyecz Jr. János , Várbíró Szabolcs , Németh Gábor , Sikovanyecz János , Kozinszky Zoltan
Published: October 2023

Introduction: An increasing body of evidence shows the significant role of the angiogenic factor levels in screening of pregnancy outcome. Purpose: To examine the potential relationship between concentrations of placental protein 13 (PP13) and soluble Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (sHLA-G) in maternal serum and amniotic fluid at 16-23 weeks of gestation and the sonographic features of pregnancy as well as pregnancy outcome. Materials and methods: PP13 and sHLA-G in serum and amniotic fluid, and fetal biometrical data and placental volume and perfusion indices were determined in 71 euploid, singleton pregnancies. Results: The serum sHLA-G level correlated negatively with serum PP13 level (r = -0.186, p<0.001) and positively with sHLA-G level in the amniotic fluid (r = 0.662, p<0.001). Significant correlation was found between serum sHLA-G level and placental volume (r = 0.142, p<0.05) and between amniotic sHLA-G level and placental perfusion (r = -0.450, p<0.001). A low amniotic PP13 level significantly predicted the birth weight (r = -0.102, p<0.05), the duration of pregnancy (r = -0.155, p<0.05), and the fetal abdominal circumference (r=-0.098, p<0.05). Conclusions: PP13 assayed in amniotic fluid might be a potential marker of fetal growth and sHLA-G can be an adjunct modality reflecting placental sonographic parameters.
A Special Two-Working-Electrode System: A Summary of the Fabrication and Application of Interdigitated Array Electrodes
Authors: Zhang Tingsen , Fu Lei , Deng Zhiyong , Wu Weiwei , Liu Fei
Published: October 2023

The utilization of dual-potential mode of integrated array (IDA) electrodes and other two-electrode systems has revolutionized electrochemical detection by enabling the simultaneous and independent detection of two species, accompanied by the exhibition of unique characteristics. In contrast to conventional dual-potential electrodes, the rotating ring disk electrodes (RRDE), IDA electrodes demonstrate analogous yet vastly improved performance metrics, characterized by remarkable collection efficiency and sensitivity. Notably, due to the distinctive microscale structure of IDA electrode, the special “feedback” effect makes IDA a unique signal amplifier. In recent decades, the research surrounding IDA electrodes has garnered escalating interest due to their attractive attributes. This review centers its focus on the fabrication and applications of IDA electrodes. In the realm of fabrication, two critical breakthroughs are poised for realization: the achievement of reduced dimensions and the diversification of materials. Established fabrication methods for IDA electrodes encompass photolithography, inkjet printing, and direct laser writing, each affording distinct advantages in terms of size and precision in IDA construction. Predominantly employed materials for IDA electrodes include gold, platinum, and carbon, with the selection of fabrication methods guided by considerations such as material properties, desired dimensions, cost-efficiency, and specific application requisites. Within the domain of applications, IDA electrodes, capitalizing on their distinctive attributes, have found utility in diverse fields. This review summarizes the applications of IDA electrodes based on their fundamental working principles, encompassing redox cycling, resistance modulation, capacitance variations, and more. The potential for further development of this specialized tool to exhibit enhanced properties holds substantial promise.
Microwave Irradiation: Effects of Particle Size Distribution, Rheological and Fluorescent Characteristic of Red Wine
Authors: Yuan Jiang-Feng , Qin Hui-Min , Chen Zhuo-Yao , Lai Yu-Ting , Tang Lin-Yue , Yang Xiao-Wen
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the effects on the rheological properties, particle size distribution, and fluorescence properties of red wine were investigated under microwave irradiation, and the mechanism of the effects of microwave irradiation on the sensory properties of red wine was discussed. The results showed that the effect of microwave on the rheological properties in red wine could be fitted by the Power-law model and Carson model, through the analysis of the rheological constants, yield stress, and viscosity coefficient of wine, it was found that microwave treatment could improve leg phenomenon and thickening effect by the change of rheological properties; the particle size distribution in wine indicated that microwave irradiation did change the particle size distribution through friction effect and oxidative polymerization, resulting in the wine’s visual effect and mouthfeel; the wine quality could be improved by enhancing the fluorescence intensity under different microwave conditions, which meant that microwave technology could speed up the formation of fluorescent substances, such as the polymerization of flavan-3-ols. In conclusion, microwave treatment could modify the sensory characteristics of wine, and further provide the theoretical basis for the application of microwave in winemaking.
Development of a HPLC-MS/MS Method to Assess the Pharmacokinetics and Tumour Distribution of the Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 1 Inhibitors ZST316 and L-257 in a Xenograft Model of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Ceruti Tommaso , Frapolli Roberta , Ghilardi Carmen , Decio Alessandra , Dellavedova Giulia , Tommasi Sara , Zucchetti Massimo , Mangoni Arduino A
Published: October 2023

We describe the development and validation of a HPLC-MS/MS method to assess the pharmacokinetics and tumour distribution of ZST316, an arginine analogue with inhibitory activity towards dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) and vasculogenic mimicry, and its active metabolite L-257 in a xenograft model of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The method proved to be reproducible, precise, and highly accurate for the measurement of both compounds in plasma and tumour tissue following acute and chronic (five days) intraperitoneal administration of ZST316 (30mg/Kg daily) in six-week-old SCID mice inoculated with MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. ZST316 was detected in tumour tissue and plasma after 1 hour (6.47 and 9.01M, respectively) and 24 hours (0.13 and 0.16M, respectively) following acute administration, without accumulation during chronic treatment. Similarly, the metabolite L-257 was found in tumour tissue and plasma after 1 hour (15.06 and 8.72M, respectively) and 24 hours (0.17 and 0.17M, respectively) following acute administration of ZST316, without accumulation during chronic treatment. The half-live after acute and chronic treatment ranged between 4.4-7.1hrs (plasma) and 4.5-5.0hrs (tumour) for ZST316, and 4.2-5.3hrs (plasma) and 3.6-4.9hrs (tumour) for L-257. The results of our study demonstrate the a) capacity to accurately measure ZST316 and L-257 concentrations in plasma and tumour tissue in mice using the newly developed HPLC-MS/MS method, b) rapid conversion of ZST316 into L-257, c) good intra-tumour penetration of both compounds, and d) lack of accumulation of both ZST316 and L-257 in plasma and tumour tissue during chronic administration. The new HPLC-MS/MS method is useful to investigate the in vivo effects of ZST316 and L-257 on vasculogenic mimicry, tumour mass, and metastatic burden in xenograft models of TNBC.
Neural Networks-based Image Denoising Methods
Authors: Wang Mengke
Published: October 2023

Image denoising has been one of the important problems in the field of computer vision, and it has a wide range of practical value in many applications, such as medical image processing, image enhancement, and computational photography. Traditional image denoising methods are usually based on hand-designed features and filters, but these methods perform poorly under complex noise and image structures. In recent years, the rapid development of neural network technology has revolutionized the image-denoising task. This paper introduces the knowledge about neural networks and image denoising, explores the impact of neural networks on image denoising, and how is it possible to denoise images by neural networks. It also summarises other image-denoising methods and finally points out the challenges and problems faced by image-denoising at present. Some possible new development directions are proposed to provide new solutions for image-denoising researchers and to promote the development of the field.
Evaluation of the VIIRS Ocean Color Products Using Global In-Situ Bio-Optical Data
Authors: Li Hao , He Xianqiang , Shanmugam Palanisamy , Bai Yan , Wang Difeng , Li Teng , Gong Fang
Published: October 2023

Evaluating of long-term satellite-derived ocean color products using in-situ measurements is essential to ensure data quality and integrity. In this study, the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) products were evaluated and analyzed by using long-term OC-CCI in-situ data from 2012 to 2021. The results demonstrate that the root mean square difference of VIIRS Rrs product accuracy in most bands is better than 0.002 (sr-1) when considering its average life span of 12 years. However, the VIIRS Rrs products in shorter wavelength bands (e.g., at 412 nm) had significantly lower accuracy in general and a long-term bias over the recent years. The annual precision of VIIRS Rrs products showed a declining trend especially in coastal or eutrophic waters. This accuracy deterioration of the VIIRS Rrs products suggests a strong need for continuous monitoring of its performance and further efforts on improving the atmospheric correction algorithm to specifically deal with satellite records at high SZAs and OZAs.
Association between Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Critically ill COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Caciagli Valeria , Coloretti Irene , Talamonti Marta , Farinelli Carlotta , Gatto Ilenia , Biagioni Emanuela , Sarti Mario , Franceschini Erica , Meschiari Marianna , Mussini Cristina , Tonelli Roberto , Clini Enrico , Girardis Massimo , Busani Stefano
Published: October 2023

Introduction and Aims: COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is common and is associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. This prospective observational study aimed to explore the association between CAPA development and the incidence and prognosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods: We included all consecutive critically ill adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection who were admitted to three COVID-19 intensive care units (ICUs) in an Italian hospital from February 25, 2020, to May 8, 2022. A standardized procedure was employed for early detection of CAPA. Risk factors associated with CAPA and CMV reactivation and the association between CMV recurrence and mortality were estimated using adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models.
Results: CAPA occurred in 96 patients (16,6%) of the 579 patients analyzed. Among the CAPA population 40 (41,7%) patients developed CMV blood reactivation with a median time of 18 days (IQR 7-27). The CAPA+CMV group did not exhibit a significantly higher 90-day mortality rate (62.5% vs. 48.2%) than the CAPA alone group (p=0.166). The CAPA+CMV group had a longer ICU stay, fewer ventilation-free days, and a higher rate of secondary bacterial infections than the control group of CAPA alone. In the CAPA population, prior immunosuppression was the only independent risk factor for CMV reactivation (HR 2.33, 95% C.I. 1.21-4.48, p=0.011).
Conclusions: In critically ill COVID-19 patients, CMV reactivation is common in those with a previous CAPA diagnosis. Basal immunosuppression before COVID-19 appeared to be the primary independent variable affecting CMV reactivation in patients with CAPA. Furthermore, the association of CAPA+CMV versus CAPA alone appears to impact ICU length of stay and secondary bacterial infections but not mortality.
The Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Staurosporine Isolated from Streptomyces sp. SNC087 Strain on Nasal Polyp
Authors: Choi Grace , Lee Eun-Young , Chung Dawoon , Cho Kichul , Yu Woon-Jong , Nam Sang-Jip , Park Seong Kook , Choi Il-Whan
Published: October 2023

This study aims to explore the potential inhibition effects of staurosporine isolated from a Strepto-myces sp. SNC087 strain obtained from seawater on nasal polyps. Staurosporine possesses antimi-crobial and antihypertensive activities. This research focuses on investigating the effects of stau-rosporine on suppressing the growth and development of nasal polyps and elucidating the un-derlying mechanisms involved. The experimental design includes in vitro and ex vivo evaluations to assess the inhibition activity and therapeutic potential of staurosporine against nasal polyps. Nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) were stimulated with TGF- β1 in the presence of staurosporine. The levels of -smooth muscle actin (-SMA), collagen type-I (Col-1), fibronectin, and phosphory-lated (p)-Smad 2 were investigated using western blotting. VEGF expression levels were analyzed in nasal polyp organ cultures treated with staurosporine. TGF-β1 stimulated the production of Col-1, fibronectin, and -SMA and was attenuated by staurosporine pretreatment. Furthermore, these inhibitory effects were mediated by modulation of the signaling pathway of Smad 2 in TGF-β1-induced NPDFs. Staurosporine also inhibits the production of VEGF in ex vivo NP tissues. The findings from this study will contribute to a better understanding of staurosporine’s role in nasal polyp management and provide insights into its mechanisms of action.
Biofilm-associated proteins as potential drug targets
Authors: Nor Hasnan , Mohd Zaid
Published: October 2023

Biofilm-associated proteins (BAPs) are important in the development and resilience of biofilms, which are intricate populations of microbes protected by extracellular matrix. All members of the BAP family are known to possess common characteristics such as high molecular weight and a signal sequence for extracellular secretion. It has been shown that BAPs are directly linked to the pathogenicity of many bacteria. This mini review highlights several potential strategies to target BAPs for drug development.
Resveratrol, ε-Viniferin and Vitisin B from Vine: Comparison of Their In Vitro Antioxidant Activities and Study of Their Interactions
Authors: Sy Biranty , Krisa Stéphanie , Richard Tristan , Courtois Arnaud
Published: October 2023

The control of oxidative stress with natural active substances could limit the development of numerous pathologies. Our objective was to study the antiradical effects of resveratrol (RSV), ε-viniferin (VNF) and vitisin B (VB) alone or in a combination, and those of a stilbene-enriched ex-tract (fraction). In the DPPH, FRAP, and NO scavenging assays, RSV present the highest activity with an IC50 of 83.69, 15.38 and 229 µM, respectively. Binary combinations resulted in additive interaction in the DPPH assay, synergic interaction for RSV+VNF and antagonistic for the others in the FRAP assay, and additive interaction for RSV+VNF or RSV+VB and antagonistic for VNF+VB in the NO scavenging assay. There was no significant difference between the antioxi-dant activity of the fraction and the combination RSV+VNF. In conclusion, RSV presented the highest effects, followed by VNF and VB. Interactions revealed additive or synergistic effects, depending on the combination of stilbenes and the assay.
The Study Utilization of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel Extract as a Gel-Based Burn Wound Plaster
Authors: Sani Kalimaya Qolbi , Paulina Paulina , Insyira Priyanka Khansa
Published: October 2023

The industry in Indonesia is currently experiencing significant development dominated by workers in the informal sector. During the business/production processes, problems are often encountered, leading to injuries or wounds. Burn wound are caused by heat sources such as fire, electricity, hazardous chemicals, and radiation. One natural substance with the potential to be used as an alternative treatment for burn wound is mangosteen peel. Mangosteen peel contains active biochemical compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, xanthones, and alkaloid derivatives, which have anti-inflammatory effects that can aid in the wound healing process by promoting collagen formation. Additionally, the presence of saponins in mangosteen peel makes it antibacterial. This research aims to explore the potential of mangosteen peel patches in the healing of burn injuries often experienced by informal industrial workers. The research method used secondary data through a literature review study. Article searches were conducted using keywords such as 'wound' and 'mangosteen peel.' Through the analysis of 10 articles, it was found that mangosteen peel has great potential to be utilized as a mangosteen peel patch, with a wound healing percentage of up to 83% over 21 days at an optimum concentration of 15%. The availability of patches made from mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) is expected to assist informal workers or UMKM in addressing burn wound they may encounter during work while also helping to utilize waste that would otherwise go unused.

Keywords:

Biochemical compounds, Burn wound, Informal Sector, Mangosteen Peel, Plaster
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate Membranes from Kepok Banana Stem (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) For Microfiltration Process
Authors: Anissa Fitria Nur , Yuliati Selastia , Syakdani Adi
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Membrane is a separation technology between permeate and feed. The challenge in applying this technology is related to the ingredients that can cause fouling. Cellulose acetate membrane is a porous membrane as a solution to overcome fouling problems.The selectivity level of cellulose acetate membranes in the microfiltration process for water and wastewater treatment is very high. Utilization of kepok banana frond waste as an alternative material for making cellulose acetate membranes that are biodegradable, can be decomposed quickly by microorganisms with a limited shelf life. The aim of this research is to  apply cellulose acetate membranes from kepok banana fronds for the microfiltration process in water and wastewater treatment with varying concentrations of acetone using the phase inversion method. The cellulose content contained in the kepok banana fronds is 54.3%. The composition for making the membrane is 2 gr cellulose acetate; PVA 20 ml; and PEG 1.7 ml with various concentrations of acetone 15, 20 and 25 ml. The results of the SEM test of the membrane with a concentration of 25 ml of acetone solvent had the best characteristics with a pore size of 0.0932 μm; thickness of 1.778 mm and swelling index of 9.87%. The highest average flux value was owned by the membrane with a concentration of 20 ml, namely 71.3444 l/m2.hour The lowest flux value was owned by the membrane with a concentration of 25 ml, namely 55.5549 l/m2.hour.

Keywords:

Membrane, Microfiltration, Cellulose Acetate, Banana Frond, Acetone
Systematic review and meta-analysis: a critical examination of the methodology
Authors: Martsevich S.Yu. S. Yu. , Navasardyan A. R. , Lobastov K. V. , Mikaelyan M. V. , Mikhaylenko E. V. , Suvorov A. Yu. , Schastlivtsev I. V. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Matveev V. V. , Akimova E. S. , Sytkov V. V. , Dubar E. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, the pyramid of evidence is the main model of decision-making for healthcare professionals. According to this concept, data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are considered lower in hierarchy than data obtained from systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs). However, it заменить на:is not established whether it is appropriate to rate large RCTs with hard endpoints lower than SRs and MAs that combine data from smaller RCTs of questionable quality, or even from prospective or retrospective observational studies. It is also important to consider that in addition to assessing the quality of the studies included in the SRs and MAs, it is necessary to assess the accuracy of the SRs and MAs themselves. If not rigorously conducted, they can also contain systematic errors, leading to increased risks of data manipulation. The publication covers the main stages and principles of preparing SRs and MAs, common types of systematic errors that can arise at each stage, and methods to minimize them. We believe that the tools, knowledge, and skills we offer will help practicing doctors and healthcare professionals critically assess the results obtained from SRs and MAs in terms of methodology and the mitigation of potential data manipulation risks.
Numerical experiment on the dynamics of the tower crane
Authors: Kovalenko Valentyn , Kovalenko Oleh , Stryzhak Vsevolod , Vudvud Oleksandr , Vasiliev Anton , Stryzhak Mariana
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the stages of conducting a numerical experiment to determine the stress-strain state of the metal structure of the tower crane. The result of 3d modeling of the metal structure of the tower crane is given. When moving to finite element modeling, it is proposed to represent this model in the form of beam elements with stitching them into larger elements that correspond to the sections of the metal structure of a real crane. The adopted assumptions are described when fixing the elements of the beam model to each other and modeling the rope system. Using the calculation example, the acceptability of the applied approach to modeling the dynamics of the tower crane by the finite element method is proven.
Simulation of electric tractor movement taking into account operating modes
Authors: Tkachov Viacheslav , Kozhushko Andrii
Published: October 2023

The development of electric drives in the last period of time has reached significant indicators, so electric and hybrid vehicles are becoming widely distributed in the world. At the international level, they began to seriously address the issue of reducing the emissions of harmful gases into the environment, which are produced by vehicles with ICE internal combustion engines by replacing them with electric vehicles. Therefore, the material of this article has the purpose of assembling a mathematical apparatus for the analysis of work processes that occur in a wheeled tractor on electric traction. When solving the set goal, a technique was used, which provided for the description of the general movement of the wheeled tractor in the process of reaching the technological or transport speed. The described device takes into account the interaction of the wheels with the soil as a function of the structural parameters and physical and mechanical properties of the supporting surface. As a result, information was obtained regarding the modeling of the electric tractor movement, namely the dependence of the desired and actual speeds on the acceleration time; dependence of the battery discharge on the real speed of movement. The practical significance of the work consists in obtaining a theoretical model, which makes it possible to analyze the possibility of using direct current motors as power units for low-power electric tractors.
Analysis of the influence of factors on the braking efficiency of a tractor-transport train
Authors: Koliesnik Ivan , Shevchenko Ihor , Koliesnik Yuliana
Published: October 2023

The efficiency of using tractors in transport works is determined by the composition of the tractor train, the number of trailers, their type and total load capacity, maneuverability, the speed of the tractor train, its stability, braking qualities, and the working conditions of the operator. However, the high speed of the tractor train and the implementation of the maximum power of the tractor with a variety of transported goods, the state of the properties of road backgrounds and a number of design features of the rolling stock lead to an increase in dynamic loads. This causes the occurrence of increased oscillatory processes in the "soil - trailer ~ tractor" system, worsens traction and traction properties, controllability, stability, ergonomics and acceleration and braking properties.
Formation of the following movement of a wheel tractor under the conditions of its automatic driving
Authors: Kalinin Evgeny , Rebrov Oleksii , Kolodnenko Vitalii
Published: October 2023

The paper analyzes the influence of the design parameters of wheeled and tracked machines on the possibility of their presentation as automatic control systems. A mathematical model of the dynamics of a self-propelled machine on a support surface is developed. The analysis of the research results shows that wheel deflection, which is characteristic mainly for transport vehicles, leads to a rather complex mathematical model of the control object. Physically, this is explained by the divergence of the directions of the traction force and the velocity vector. A similar result is obtained in the case when a tracked machine is investigated. But the physical reason for the appearance of an ideal forcing link in the scheme here is, of course, different: under the action of traction resistance, the instantaneous pole of rotation shifts back relative to the reference point. The peculiarity of a self-propelled machine as an object performing a tracking movement is revealed in the fact that another integrating link is added to the structural diagram. Therefore, in the single-circuit structural diagram of the automatic driving system, there are always at least two serially connected integrating links
The effect of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles on increasing the efficiency of the technological process in plant farming
Authors: Shuliak Mykhailo , Mikulina Maryna , Mudryi Yaroslav , Pirogov Viacheslav
Published: October 2023

In the article, an information base is formed for the analysis, evaluation and selection of the most effective options for involving unmanned aerial systems in solving the problems of effective land use. According to the authors, the tasks of using land resources in those rural territories that are located remotely and in hard-to-reach areas are particularly relevant. The problems of the annual growth of the population of the planet require the development of high technologies in the agricultural sector, the creation of rational agriculture. A promising direction of precision agriculture is the use of UAVs. Their use is expedient in solving the following tasks: inventorying agricultural land, creating electronic maps of fields, estimating the volume of work and monitoring their implementation, conducting operational monitoring of the state of crops, assessing the germination and yield of certain agricultural crops, protecting agricultural lands appointment, treatment of crops with means of plant protection and pest control. We predict that in the future UAVs will be actively felt in all spheres of human activity, including agriculture. These devices are able to significantly increase labor productivity with a general tendency to reduce production costs.

Recently, innovative tools have appeared and are being used: satellite and computer technologies, which have become available for various spheres of the national economy. Their development and implementation in the agricultural sector led to the development of precision agriculture. The basis of advanced technologies of sustainable farming is the rejection of the use of the plow. A set of techniques is being formed that are aimed at combating soil degradation, which contributes to a decrease in fertility, loss of moisture and a drop in productivity.
Mathematical model of automatic driving of a self-propelled car with two-dimensional control
Authors: Polyashenko Sergey , Iesipov Olexander , Shushlyapin Sergey
Published: October 2023

To build a mathematical model of a machine with two-dimensional control, simplifying assumptions were made regarding the nature of its movement and the line trajectory. An accuracy analysis is presented and a mathematical model of the movement along rows of row crops of an agricultural unit with an agricultural implement located between the front and rear axles of the wheels controlled by an automatic driving device with a sensor in the front of the unit is synthesized. The algorithm for controlling the automatic driving of a self-propelled car is defined, which is the most simple and convenient, but accurate enough for practical use in the development of similar (tracking) systems.
Simulation of oscillation of a dam-plate of variable thickness
Authors: Khudayarov Bakhtiyar , Tukhtaboev A.A. , Kucharov O.R. , Turaev Fozilzhon , Yuldashev Nurilla
Published: October 2023

The hereditary theory of viscoelasticity has provided ample opportunities for describing the dynamic processes of deformation of various materials. However, the implementation of these possibilities in many cases is difficult due to the lack of an adequate mathematical apparatus, especially in the study of dynamic processes in viscoelastic systems. There are fundamental reasons to believe that the apparatus of integral equations is very promising in this sense. The use of modern computer technology capabilities makes it possible to create effective mathematical modeling technologies for problems of great complexity, which include problems of dynamics and dynamic stability of viscoelastic elements of thin-walled structures with variable stiffness. Mathematical models of dynamic problems are constructed, efficient computational algorithms are developed, and forced vibrations of a dam-plate with variable stiffness are studied. The results of studies of problems on vibrations of a dam-plate of variable thickness are given, taking into account the viscoelastic properties of the material, the hydrodynamic pressure of water, soil and seismic load. Figs.:3,  Refs.: 22 titles.