bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association among Current Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Regular Exercise, and Lower Extremity Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot: Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Lee Yoon Jae , Han Kyung-Do , Kim Jun Hyeok
Published: October 2022

Background: The present study investigates whether modifiable behavioral factors of current cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, and regular exercise are associated with risk of lower extremity amputation (LEA) in diabetic patients.Methods: A total of 2,644,440 diabetic patients (aged ≥20 years) was analyzed using the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the behavioral factors with risk of LEA under adjustment for potential confounders.Results: The risk of LEA was significantly increased by current cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol consumption (HR, 1.436; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.367 to 1.508 and HR, 1.082; 95% CI, 1.011 to 1.158) but significantly decreased with regular exercise (HR, 0.745; 95% CI, 0.706 to 0.786) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, low income, hypertension, dyslipidemia, body mass index, using insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs, and diabetic duration. A synergistically increased risk of LEA was observed with larger number of risky behaviors.Conclusion: Modification of behaviors of current smoking, heavy alcohol intake, and exercise prevents LEA and can improve physical, emotional, and social quality of life in diabetic patients.
An Analysis on the Determination of the Remuneration Among Lower-level Local Council Members: Focusing on the Comparison Among Lower-level Local Governments of Seoul, Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do
Authors:   National Association of Korean Local Government Studies, Song KwangTae
Published: October 2022

This study raises the problem that the local council remuneration system, which started in 2006, is not being established as the purpose of strengthening the capacity of local councils through the entry of competent local talents and pursuing stable legislative activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find the problems and improvement measures through analysis of various factors related to the remuneration of local council members.
To this end, this study derived six key factors that influence the decision of remuneration of local councilors based on related laws and previous studies. These key factors include the body in charge of the composition and operation of the remuneration review committee and the recommended field, the composition ratio of each field of the committee, the decision requirements when determining remuneration, the factors to be considered when determining the monthly allowance, the prerequisites for making a decision that exceeds the rate of increase in local public officials’ remuneration, the frequency of the committee meeting.
The subject of the fact-finding analysis was 66 local governments within the three higher-level local governments(Seoul Metropolitan City, Gyeongnam and Gyeongbuk Provincial Government).
As a result of the analysis, many problems were identified, and based on this, improvement measures could be suggested for each of the six analysis elements.
AN APPRAISAL OF THE ECMWF REANALYSIS5 (ERA5) MODEL IN ESTIMATING AND MONITORING ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOUR VARIABILITY OVER NIGERIA
Authors: Bawa Swafiyudeen , Isioye Olalekan Adekunle , Mefe Moses Mefe Moses , Abdulmumin Lukman
Published: October 2022

This study research the performance of the ERA5 reanalysis model in estimating and monitoring the variability of atmospheric water vapour content over Nigeria. The ERA5 is a fifth-generation reanalysis model recently released by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The ERA5 model comes with excitingly high spatial and temporal resolution when compared to earlier models like the ERA-Interim and ERA-40. However, like the previous models, the ERA5 comes with numerous modelling uncertainties arising from data fusion methods and observation schemes, which often affects its performance at the different regions of the Earth. In this study, ERA5 precipitable water vapour (PWV) was validated with GNSS PWV from permanent GNSS stations in Nigeria NIGNET for the period of 2012–2013. The performance of ERA5 was investigated at sub-daily, diurnal, and seasonal scales in relation to KöppenGeiger climate classification using standard statistical metrics (namely, coefficient of correlation (r), Root mean square error (RMSE), Reliability index (RI), Mean absolute errors (MAE) and mean bias). The r, RI, RMSE, MAE and mean bias values at sub-daily, diurnal and seasonal scales were computed as, (0.8670, 0.882, 0.979), (3.697 mm, 3.400 mm, 7.014 mm), (1.015, 1.019, 1.008), (2.769 mm, 2.706 mm, 1.939 mm) and (0.826 mm, 2.033 mm, 1.739 mm), respectively. The results indicate the strongest performance of ERA5 at seasonal scale with more than 95% agreement. The pattern of variability of ERA5 within the different climate zones of Nigeria showed good consistency with GNSS PWV and Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The study recommended the use of ERA5 in the retrieval of historic PWV records and near real-time GNSS applications.
VULNERABILITY ZONING OF URBAN AREAS AGAINST EARTHQUAKE (CASE STUDY: URMIA CITY)
Authors: Farahmand Ghasem , Samet Komeil , Golmohammadi Hassan , Patel Nilanchal
Published: October 2022

The danger of earthquake always overshadows human societies and causes irreparable damage to these societies; therefore, preparedness to deal with this crisis by identifying vulnerability points and removing them is effective in reducing the damages caused by earthquake. Due to the location of Iran on one of the two world’s earthquake belts and the existence of many faults, the occurrence of earthquakes on the plateau of Iran is a natural phenomenon. Iran is one of the ten earthquake-prone countries in the world. Consequently, the city of Urmia is no exception to this rule due to its location in the hillsides of the Zagros Mountains and witnesses a large number of earthquakes with different intensities every year. Therefore, to deal with the above problem, we need more detailed studies in the fields of construction and safety. In this study, in order to evaluate the severity of earthquake vulnerability, effective parameters were identified and weighted using fuzzy hierarchical analysis process. Vulnerability maps were prepared by index overlap method and fuzzy logic, for statistical blocks of Urmia city and were presented visually in spatial information system. The results showed that about 50% of the city is vulnerable to earthquakes; to be more precise, about 151574 square meters, i.e. 0.005% has a very high degree of vulnerability and 11538359 square meters, with a percentage of 0.40%, has a high degree of vulnerability to earthquakes.
A DETERMINATION OF THE MOTION BASED ON GNSS OBSERVATIONS BETWEEN 2000 AND 2021 BY USING THE IGS POINTS ON THE POLAR REGIONS
Authors: Pırtı Atınç
Published: October 2022

People are fascinated today more than ever by the polar regions of the Earth. One reason for this is that wide expanses of the Arctic and Antarctic have not been explored and are therefore still viewed as frontier regions. Another is that they both have very diverse histories with regard to their origins and ice formation. Their numerous aspects still pose many puzzles for science today. The regions of the Earth designated as polar are those areas located between the North or South Pole and the Arctic or Antarctic Circles, respectively. The northern polar region, called the Arctic, encompasses the Arctic Ocean and a portion of some surrounding land masses. The southern polar region, called the Antarctic, contains the continent of Antarctica and areas of the surrounding Southern Ocean. In this paper three tests (2000, 2010 and 2021) of continuous GNSS data recorded by 8 permanent International GPS Service (IGS) stations in both Polar Regions have been processed by using CSRS-PPP Software for geodetic networks. The results also show that all GNSS provide good visibility with low elevation angles, whereas with high elevation angles, which might be needed due to natural barriers, the GLONASS and other satellites provides the highest number of visible satellites. Consequently, the mean motion of the study area was found approximately 7–15 cm for horizontal components (X–Y) and 6 cm for vertical components (Ellipsoidal Height) on the eight IGS points in the both poles.
Using procalcitonin levels to predict infection and reduce unnecessary antibiotic usage in febrile children aged 3-36 months
Authors: Thongsamer Piyanuch , Laoprasopwattana Kamolwish
Published: October 2022

Introduction: High risk features including body temperature (BT) ≥ 39 °C, inactive appearance, white blood cells (WBC) ≥ 15,000 cells/mm3, or absolute band count (ABC) ≥ 1,500 cells/mm3 have low sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) to discriminate between bacterial and viral infections, leading to overuse of antibiotics. We aimed to determine whether procalcitonin (PCT) level ≥ 0.5 ng/mL can differentiate bacterial from viral infections.

Methodology: The medical data of children aged 3 to 36 months who presented with fever without localizing signs or having initially undetermined cause of respiratory tract infection and/or non-mucus bloody diarrhea for 1 to 7 days and were hospitalized between January 2017 and December 2018 with one of the high-risk features were recorded. Children with an immunocompromised condition, who had previously received antibiotics, and/or had clinical sepsis were excluded.

Results: Non-serious bacterial infection (SBI) and SBI (occult bacteremia) were found in 17.2% and 4.5%, respectively. The proportions of children with high-risk features were not significantly different between children with and without bacterial infection, except for absolute band count which was significantly higher in the bacterial infection group (419 cells/mm3, IQR [0, 1429]) than the non-bacterial group (76 cells/mm3, IQR [0,455]). A PCT level ≥ 0.5 ng/mL had the highest sensitivity and NPV (100%, 100%, respectively) to predict bacterial infection when compared with the other high-risk features.

Conclusions: Antibiotics can be safely withheld while waiting for hemoculture in acute febrile children with one of the high-risk features of bacterial infection with PCT level < 0.5 ng/mL.
Knowledge and awareness of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV among pregnant women in Pakistan
Authors: Gul Farah , Savul Saba , Aamir Rahila , Zehra Tehzeeb , Mujtaba Hasan , Sadiq Fouzia
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) affect a significant proportion of the populace in developing countries. Pregnant women and deprived segments of the population are disproportionately affected. The aim of our study was to assess the awareness regarding the three blood-borne infections amongst pregnant Pakistani women belonging to low socioeconomic classes.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 297 pregnant women at two antenatal healthcare facilities in Islamabad, Pakistan between September and November 2019. A pretested structured questionnaire was employed for data collection and knowledge levels were classified into three categories i.e. “Good”, “Average”, and “Poor” according to pre-set criteria. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS Version 21.

Results: None of the study participants had “Good” knowledge regarding the three blood-borne infections. Around 52% of the women had “Poor” while 47% had “Average” knowledge. None of the study participants were aware that HIV can be transmitted during delivery. Women aged 30-35 years had significantly higher knowledge as compared to other age groups (p < 0.001). The difference in knowledge amongst women in association with education, income status, and previous pregnancies was not significant.

Conclusions: Awareness regarding Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV amongst pregnant Pakistani women of low socioeconomic status is insufficient which can lead to an increased risk of acquiring these infections, especially during childbirth. It is vital to impart health education regarding these diseases and monitor hygiene standards in health care facilities.
Klebsiella pneumoniae K2 producer of pyogenic liver abscess associated with biliary communication
Authors: Aguilar-Zapata Daniel , Duran-Bedolla Josefina , López-Jácome Luis Esaú , Barrios-Camacho Humberto , Garza-Ramos Ulises , Valdez-Vázquez Rafael
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hypervirulent strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae have gained clinical and epidemiological interest because of their capacity to cause severe and life-threatening infections.

Methodology: We report a case involving infection with a hypervirulent K. pneumoniae K2 strain that caused liver abscess in a young woman with type 1 diabetes in Mexico.

Results: The infection was found to be associated with biliary tract communication. The virulence factors and capsular serotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction analysis. After guided drainage and directed antibiotic treatment, the infection resolved and the patient recovered. Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains, together with the presence of comorbidity, such as diabetes are important factors that contribute to the development of liver abscess.

Conclusions: The identification of virulent clones is important to understand the pathogenicity and improve control of infections in the patients.
Review of current in vitro COVID-19 diagnostics methods
Authors: Al-Omari Mariam M , Qaqish Arwa , Omeish Haya Abdallah Fandi , Najadat Angam Ayyoub Ali , Mahasneh Fatimah , Al-Tamimi Mohammad , Abbas Manal Mohammad , Al-Qaoud Khaled
Published: October 2022

The diagnosis of COVID-19 is considered a significant step in the management of the disease that is causing a major worldwide public health challenge from the time of its emergence in December 2019. Since it has been established that SARS-CoV-2 spreads rapidly, timely detection of the positive cases and isolation of such individuals and their contacts helps in containing viral transmission. In this paper, we review the in vitro technology platforms for testing and diagnosing COVID-19 patients: molecular tests, rapid antigen tests, and serology tests. As part of our review of each category of tests, we discuss the commercialized testing platforms, their analyzing systems, specimen collection protocols, and testing methodologies. Moreover, the efficacy and limitations of each technique are also discussed. The key structural components of the virus are presented to provide an understanding of the scientific principles behind the testing tools.
The Prevalence and distribution of pathogenic genes in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry and human sources
Authors: Moreira Lima Leonardo , Perdoncini Gustavo , Apellanis Borges Karen , Quedi Furian Thales , Pippi Salle Carlos Tadeu , De Souza Moraes Hamilton Luiz , Pinheiro do Nascimento Vladimir
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis. Despite its public health importance, the virulence factors and mechanisms underlying C. jejuni pathogenesis remain poorly understood and the relationships between these genes and the sources of the strains are not clear. We aimed to determine the virulence profiles of C. jejuni isolated from poultry and human cases of Campylobacteriosis.

Methodology: A total of 50 strains of C. jejuni isolated from poultry and human cases of Campylobacteriosis were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of six pathogenic genes (flaA, iam, wlaN, cdtA, cdtB, cdtC).

Results: A total of 40% (10/25) of the human isolates presented only one virulence marker. In contrast, 64% (16/25) of the poultry-derived strains showed four or five virulence markers. cdtA and flaA occurred more frequently in poultry-derived strains than in human strains. Ten different virulence profiles were observed among the human isolates and 11 among the poultry strains. Only four profiles were common to both sources: profiles 3 (flaA, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC), 5 (cdtA and cdtB), 7 (flaA and cdtB), and 10 (iam, flaA, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC). The human-derived strains had a higher Shannon diversity index (1.9396) and Simpson index (0.8367), indicating a more diversified population than found in poultry (1.7742 and 0.7333, respectively).

Conclusions: We found variations in the genetic profiles of the circulating strains based on the isolation source and genes that are potentially pathogenic to humans were detected in poultry-derived strains.
Improving the discoverability of biodiversity data using the Global Names Finder
Authors: Thessen Anne , Mozzherin Dmitry , Shorthouse David , Patterson David
Published: October 2022

The majority of biodiversity data is not findable, accessible, integratable, or reusable, partially because of a lack of metadata. Taxonomic names as metadata are useful, but not sufficient because these names may be updated as knowledge progresses. There is a great need for tools and services that can scale up to create and maintain metadata for the vast and varied long tail of dark data. Here we examine the use of GNFinder as a tool for creating and maintaining metadata using mentions of taxa in text from publications corresponding to data sets deposited in Dryad. Most studied taxa were mentioned in the publication using a properly formed scientific name, with a few exceptions for studies that only used vernacular names and only mentioned taxa in the corresponding files. GNFinder had a high F1 Score (0.86) representing a balance between precision (0.91) and recall (0.82). GNFinder had lower performance when a name string was an irregular abbreviation, had unexpected capitalization or punctuation, or contained a qualifier (like aff. or cf.). Approximately 14% of the name strings identified in text published from 1996 to 2012 were outdated and updated to a current, valid name. Automated metadata creation and maintenance at scale using GNFinder can make it easier to find biodiversity publications as demonstrated by the Biodiversity Heritage Library and HathiTrust.
Visualization of Materials Science Topics in Publications of Institutional Repository using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Dieb Sae , Sodeyama Keitaro , Tanifuji Mikiko
Published: October 2022

SAMURAI (NIMS 2022), a directory service of the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) researchers in Japan was launched in 2009 following the development of NIMS institutional repository (Tanifuji et al. 2019). The concept is to synchronize between profile information of researchers and their publications which are self-archived in the repository system. The SAMURAI was renewed in 2017 with interoperable functions with ORCID. SAMURAI supports various links to not only individual articles and patents, but also to databases such as KAKEN (Database of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research by NII). The service has yielded fully identified authors of journal articles from research members of NIMS by implementing a unique ResearcherID. Through this directory, NIMS is promoting materials research, supporting management of its researchers activities, and introducing NIMS researchers and their work to the public.

In this work, we present an application to describe each researcher's output topics automatically from the archived research papers in the repository, by implementing materials science specific natural language processing developed in our study (Dieb et al. 2021) that visualizes the research trend of each SAMURAI researchers. The approach can maximize information absorbance for general audience and fully corresponds to open science policy.

A list of publications' digital object identifiers (DOIs DOI 2022) for each researcher was constructed from his profile in SAMURAI. (In SAMURAI, the DOIs are stored in a PostgreSQL database). Using the DOI, recent publications were retrieved from NIMS text data mining platform (TDM-PF) in their XML format which were mainly available from 2003. Representative topic terms from their research publications that are related to materials science and engineering were extracted. We utilize term frequency analysis and automatic extraction for materials names to extract these necessary informative terms. Additionally, domain knowledge resources such as dictionaries were used. Data was preprocessed using noise reduction such as removing general English language stop words and physical units filtering. Such words do not have significance on their own. Word cloud approach was used for visualization (Fig. 1).

This work brings us an opportunity to apply our NLP experience to mine information from research papers for public knowledge as a step towards data-driven materials science.
Are Fair Digital Objects and Digital Twins the same thing?
Authors: Wharton Mark
Published: October 2022

Semantically-defined Digital Twins (DTs) and Fair Digital Objects (FDOs) are similar in concept. They both adopt the "Find first" philosphy and they both point to data about some entity in the real world (where "entity" is a very loose definition of any asset, real or imaginary). Are there any parallels that we can draw? Can we use a digital twin plaform to host FDOs?

Are Fair Digital Objects and Digital Twins the same thing?

The objectives of the GO-FAIR organisation, that data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable were originally designed to help human beings find and understand data. There has always been a side-helping of desiring computers and machine intelligences to find and use that same data.

The FDOs that people normally think of are datasets, probably time-series data collected over a considerable period, amounting to a large file or a database of records.

What if you took the concept of FDOs and compared it to Digital Twins? If you define a Digital Twin as a virtual representation of a real-world object, entity or concept in that its identity, metadata and data are stored “in the cloud”, then it’s not a big jump from that to an FDO. If you approach it from the opposite direction - reduce the size of an FDO until it’s an individual entity, not a collection, then you arrive at the same destination.

In our proposed talk we will outline the ways that FDOs and semantically-defined digital twins overlap. We will show real-world examples of Digital Twins in action and argue that an FDO of sufficient granularity would serve a very similar purpose.

The Venn diagram of FDOs and Digital Twins is not a circle. Digital twins have attributes that FDOs do not have. For example, they might have real-time feeds of data (such as current temperature, fuel consumption, heart-rate… ), or they might have a control interface to change their state (turn on or off, raise a draw-bridge, etc). These dynamic activities hint at one big difference between the two - digital twins have behaviour. They do things in real time. There’s nothing in the FDO specification that suggests that’s important or required, but we would argue that’s from lack of imagination, rather than lack of desirability.

The other lobe of the Venn diagram - the properties that FDOs have that Digital Twins do not - is mainly concerned with historical data. Digital twins are about the “now” of an entity, while an FDO is a historical collection of data, possibly about many entities over a period of time. This mismatch can be overcome by using the Digital Twin concept to define the dataset and using the “data bypass” pattern to allow the dataset to be transferred “out of band” to the requestor, given sufficient access permissions.

Perhaps the strict equivalence that FDOs are Digital Twins is going too far. They certainly share many common features and posit a world where machines and humans can cooperate using the same data. Maybe the answer is to have an admixture of the two?
FAIR Begins at home: Implementing FAIR via the Community Data Driven Insights
Authors: Utrilla Guerrero Carlos , Vivas Romero Maria
Published: October 2022

Arguments for the FAIR (Findable, Accesible, Inter-operable and Reusable) principles of science have mostly been based on appeals to values. However, the work of onboarding diverse researchers to make efficient and effective implementations of FAIR requires different appeals. In our recent effort to transform the institution into a FAIR University by 2025, here we report on the experiences of the Community of Data Driven Insights (CDDI), a interfaculty initiative where all university-wide research data service providers are joined together to support researchers and research groups (e.g. see research showcase example here) with all aspects concerning research data management. CDDI aims to turn all digital objects within Maastricht University (UM) into FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) and by disclosing the progress and challenges of implementing FDOs (e.g. see CDDI OSF repo: https://osf.io/398cz/), we hope to shed light on the process in a way that might be useful for other institutions in Europe and elsewhere. We initially identified 5 challenges for FDO implementation. These challenges were first a matter of reshaping the culture of science making practices to fit the FAIR principles. Additionally, it required an educational awareness within the scientific communities, and finally financial and technical tools to actually facilitate the transition to FAIR practices of science making. These perspectives show the complex dimensions of FAIR principles and FDO implementation to researchers across disciplines in a single university.
Entre doute et certitude : Explorer les processus thérapeutiques à l’œuvre chez les thérapeutes familiaux en formation
Authors: Winkopp Caroline , Denis Jennifer
Published: October 2022

Cet article propose à la fois une réflexion sur les concepts de doute et de certitude en psychothérapie, mais aussi la description d’une recherche qualitative sur l’émergence d’un sentiment furtif de certitude chez les thérapeutes familiaux en formation. En référence au paradigme psycho-phénoménologique, l’exploration de moments thérapeutiques significatifs à l’aide d’une méthodologie combinée (feed-back vidéo et entretien d’explicitation) a permis d’avoir accès à l’expérience subjective des thérapeutes. Nos résultats déclinent la manière dont les gestes externes et internes des thérapeutes en formation – réalisés à des niveaux de conscience réfléchie et pré-réfléchie – contribuent à l’émergence du sentiment de certitude, lui-même concourant au travail thérapeutique.
Les couples à l’épreuve depuis la « Crise Covid » : Perspectives thérapeutiques
Authors: Robin-Poupard Florence , Malpas Jean-Emmanuel
Published: October 2022

Cet article interroge l’impact prolongé de la crise Covid et de crises successives sur les relations et la thérapie de couple. À l’appui de recherches récentes et d’observations cliniques, il souligne que le couple se trouve au centre d’une contradiction importante. Il doit soutenir les individus, la parentalité, la vie professionnelle, la sexualité et parfois la survie de multiples générations, alors qu’en même temps, il doit faire face au bouleversement de ses ressources externes et au remaniement de ses aménagements internes. Les changements fréquents et les incertitudes liées aux nouveaux contextes de vie, de travail et de socialisation requièrent une conscientisation et une renégociation de sa gestion des distances et dialectiques relationnelles, de ses frontières, de ses règles de fonctionnement, et de ses rapports aux tiers. Au travers de deux cas cliniques suivis à Paris et à New York, l’article examine les interventions et le positionnement d’un thérapeute éprouvé par un changement de paradigme en parallèle.
Les retraités et la crise sanitaire
Authors: Dhuot Raphaël , Nowik Laurent
Published: October 2022

La gérontocroissance, les difficultés du marché de l’aide professionnelle et les risques d’affaiblissement de l’aide informelle disponible invitent avec force à poser la question de la prévention de la perte d’autonomie liée au vieillissement. La période récente offre à cet égard une opportunité d’interroger les difficultés des individus, en raison des fortes limitations ayant affecté les déplacements et les contacts interpersonnels pendant la crise sanitaire. Grâce à l’enquête CONSOL2 ayant réuni les réponses de 200 000 retraités du régime général français concernant leurs conditions de vie durant la première année de la pandémie, cet article explicite les déterminants de l’expression d’un besoin d’aide en période de crise socio-sanitaire ainsi que les facteurs sociaux associés aux différents types de besoins ressentis. Le besoin d’aide est significativement plus important pour les personnes âgées dont l’état de santé est le moins bon et pour celles exprimant des difficultés économiques. Par ailleurs, l’analyse établit quatre ensembles de difficultés différents selon les caractéristiques individuelles. Les enquêtés exprimant un besoin de soutien moral sont plus fréquemment des femmes relativement jeunes issues des classes moyennes. Les individus qui ont principalement rencontré des difficultés logistiques, pour se déplacer ou accomplir les tâches domestiques, sont plus âgés, plus ruraux et plus souvent locataires. Enfin, les personnes exprimant des besoins multiples cumulent différents signes de vulnérabilité : âge avancé, revenus très faibles, locataires du parc HLM.
Les directives anticipées contre le « mal mourir » ou une élaboration de la finitude ?
Authors: Meunier-Bricout Anne , Dumet Nathalie , Talpin Jean-Marc
Published: October 2022

Quel est l’impact des directives anticipées (DA) dans la société ? Une présentation générale des DA montre que les conditions de fin de vie sont redoutées en France : l’acharnement thérapeutique pourrait être contré par le recours aux DA. Une psychologue décrit un cas clinique suivi pendant un an et demi : un sujet, âgé de 90 ans, traité pour sa maladie chronique par la dialyse, se saisit de ses DA, enjeux d’ambivalence et d’engagement. Sont développés le travail de deuil de soi, le processus de vieillissement mêlé aux effets de la maladie chronique face à une mort à venir. Les DA ont-elles une fonction gênante ou éclairante sur les avancées psychiques du sujet vers sa propre fin ? Le temps d’élaboration et le travail de lien entre patient, soignants, famille et corps médical semblent être un atout de taille.
La sacra potestas , la seule voie pour la participation des laïcs au gouvernement de l’Église ?
Authors: Borras Alphonse
Published: October 2022

Le « pouvoir sacré » ( potestas sacra ) est-il la seule voie pour la participation des laïcs au gouvernement de l’Église ? Pour répondre à cette question, l’auteur entend d’abord cerner la nature de ce « pouvoir sacré » à Vatican  ii (I). Ce concile a mis en valeur la trilogie des fonctions prophétique, sacerdotale et royale ( tria munera ) conférées par la consécration épiscopale : il a valorisé un langage plutôt théologique (II) sans disqualifier le langage juridique basé sur le binôme (pouvoir d’) ordre et (pouvoir de) juridiction, toujours présent dans le Code de 1983 (III). Sous le bénéfice de cette enquête, il y a légitimement lieu de se demander si, plutôt que de partir du « pouvoir sacré » (des clercs), il ne faudrait pas partir de la communauté ecclésiale et de sa mission, à savoir de sa cura animarum , pour envisager la participation des laïcs au gouvernement des communautés (IV).
Le III e Reich face au problème monétaire de l’« Europe nouvelle »
Authors: Soutou Georges-Henri
Published: October 2022

Le 12 juin 1941, le ministre de l’Économie du Reich, Walther Funk, prononça à Vienne un discours intitulé « L’organisation économique de la Nouvelle Europe », qui marquait un compromis entre les idéologues nazis, hostiles à la notion même d’un système monétaire international, et les responsables de l’économie, soucieux de revenir après la guerre à un minimum d’échanges internationaux reposant sur un système de devises convertibles, même à côté d’un clearing très développé. On doit constater que ce discours eut un considérable retentissement en Europe occupée, mais aussi à Londres et à Washington. Il fut le déclencheur d’un cycle de réflexions et de négociations qui devaient aboutir, en réaction, aux accords de Bretton Woods et à la domination du dollar.
Scottish enlightenment historical epistemology and modern challenges for economic thought
Authors: Dow Sheila
Published: October 2022

Cet article examine les défis épistémologiques actuels de l’économie à travers le prisme de l’épistémologie des Lumières écossaises. Smith et Hume s’étaient concentrés sur la manière dont les connaissances (provisoires et incertaines) étaient formulées, en examinant comment des circonstances différentes engendrent et soutiennent différentes théories et approches. Sur cette base, nous explorons le discours actuel sur la manière dont les économistes doivent aborder les défis épistémologiques des situations de crise et leurs causes.
De la rationalité éclatée à la rationalité réunifiée : l’économie comportementale, un nouveau paradigme ?
Authors: Lambert Aude
Published: October 2022

Notre travail se donne pour objectif de montrer que le point de rupture entre l’économie néoclassique et l’économie comportementale réside dans la manière dont chacune définit la rationalité. Cette dernière était parfaitement unifiée par la maximisation. Mais Simon pose les fondements de l’économie comportementale en critiquant précisément le concept néoclassique de rationalité et en suggérant que l’agent suit des modes de raisonnement alternatifs. Bien que Kahneman et Tversky proposent une typologie de ces modes de raisonnements, ils les réunifient ultimement dans la théorie des perspectives cumulative. La réunification de la rationalité constitue ainsi la pierre angulaire de la distinction entre ancienne et nouvelle économie comportementale et permet de rendre compte des débats contemporains entre Kahneman et Tversky, d’une part, et Gigerenzer, d’autre part, au sein de cette dernière. Codes JEL  : A12, B13, B40, D01, D91.
Le droit de croire et le devoir de bien penser
Authors: Sharkey Ronan
Published: October 2022

Des efforts récents de répondre par la philosophie aux dérives cognitives observées dans les médias et dans la vie publique prennent la forme d’une éthique intellectuelle, autrement dit d’une théorie portant sur les normes qui doivent assurer la correction de nos croyances. La diffusion actuelle de croyances irrationnelles (mise en cause du savoir et de l’expertise scientifique, contestation du réchauffement climatique, complotisme) étant dans bien des cas au service d’intérêts commerciaux et stratégiques, le présent article suggère que la compréhension de ces croyances ne saurait se limiter à la seule épistémologie doxastique.
Des croyances et de la foi
Authors: Gagey Henri-Jérôme
Published: October 2022

Un débat de long cours met aux prises les philosophes analytiques Pascal Engel et Roger Pouivet sur la légitimité d’un recours aux fondements moraux préépistémiques de l’éthique intellectuelle (pour reprendre les termes du débat noué jadis par Benoît XVI et Jürgen Habermas sur les rapports entre Raison et Religion), en vue de justifier les croyances religieuses d’une manière intellectuellement éthique. Sans prétendre le résoudre, le présent article tente d’en saisir les enjeux pour une théologie à partir de la définition de la foi formulée par J. Ratzinger : « La foi est la forme, irréductible au savoir et sans commune mesure avec lui, d’une prise de position de l’homme à l’égard de l’ensemble de la réalité » en tant qu’elle met à jour une structure universelle de l’existence humaine qui est de se jouer « sur fond de foi » et non pas simplement « sur le fond de savoirs rationnels ».
Une épistémologie chrétienne
Authors:  Pouivet Roger
Published: October 2022

Pour répondre à des objections faites à mon livre L’Éthique intellectuelle, une épistémologie des vertus , je défends l’idée d’« épistémologie chrétienne ». Elle consiste à montrer comment le théisme chrétien permet de répondre à la question de savoir en quoi une vie intellectuelle vertueuse réalise au mieux notre nature humaine créée. L’article insiste sur la différence entre un tel projet épistémologique et la théorie de la connaissance.
Народная демонология Полесья в контексте восточнославянских традиционных верований
Authors: Vinogradova Ľudmila N.
Published: October 2022

Članek preučuje folklorna demonološka verovanja, razširjena na ozemlju Polesja, regije na meji Ukrajine, Belorusije in Rusije. Tradicionalna kultura te regije je zelo zanimiva za etnologe in jezikoslovce najširšega profila, saj ohranja številne arhaične elemente občeslovanskega pomena. V prvem delu naše raziskave sta bila obravnavana dva bloka mitoloških verovanj: duhovi domačih in naravnih lokusov ter demoni-pokojniki, ki se vračajo z drugega sveta. (Prvi del članka je objavljen v Studii Mythologici Slavici 24 (2021).)V drugem delu članka so analizirana verovanja o likih, ki pripadajo drugima dvema mitološkima skupinama: skupini določenih nelokaliziranih duhov (hudič, personifikacija vihra, personifikacija smrti, duhovi bolezni, liki zastraševanja) in različnim kategorijam živih ljudi, obdarjenih s posebnim znanjem (čarovnice, čarovniki, zdravilci, volkodlaki, ljudje ozkih poklicev). Raziskava poteka na podlagi podatkov vzhodnoslovanskega mitološkega sistema.
EVALUATION OF A GREEN ROOF RETROFIT USING WATER TREATMENT RESIDUALS TO REDUCE LEACHING OF PHOSPHORUS
Authors: Poor Cara , Kanno Nick , Marumoto Taylor
Published: October 2022

Green roofs have become increasingly common in urban areas to slow and reduce stormwater runoff from buildings. However, phosphorus has been found to leach from green roofs. Water treatment residuals (WTRs), a waste product in the water treatment process, may help reduce leaching of phosphorus from green roofs. This study evaluated a green roof retrofit that consisted of a WTR filter at the green roof drain to reduce phosphorus in runoff. Samples of rainfall, runoff from a green roof, and runoff from a regular roof were collected every time it rained and analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), phosphate (PO43−), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Samples were taken January–March 2020 and September 2020–March 2021. Phosphate and TP concentrations were significantly lower (p<0.05) with the retrofit during the winter (Jan–March 2020 and 2021) but not during the fall (Sept–December 2020). The change in WTR efficacy may be due to the WTRs drying out during the summer months, although it appears the WTRs are effective once they have been resaturated during the fall wetting period. This study shows that the WTR retrofit may reduce phosphorus leaching as long as the WTRs do not dry out. The WTRs should be replaced each fall in regions that experience dry summer months to maximize efficacy.
Sign Language Translation Systems
Authors: Boggaram Ankith , Boggaram Aaptha , Sharma Aryan , Srinivasa Ramanujan Ashwin , R. Bharathi
Published: October 2022

Sign language, often termed “dactylology,” is a mode of communication for those who are hard of hearing. With over 2.5 billion people projected to have hearing loss by 2050, there are very few efficient real-time sign language translation (SLT) applications present today despite extensive research in the domain. The main purpose of the systematic literature review is to analyze existing research in SLT systems and obtain results that will help in building an efficient and improved SLT system. A total of 125 different research articles within the time frame of 2015–2022 were identified. The study analyzes each paper against nine main research questions. The results obtained show the unique strengths and weaknesses of the different methods used, and while the reviewed papers showed significant results, there is still room for improvement in the implementations. This systematic literature review helps in identifying suitable methods to develop an efficient SLT application, identifies research gaps in this domain, and simultaneously indicates recent trends in the field of SLT systems.
Działalność Pracowni Wiedzy o Dawnej Książce Instytutu Historii Nauki PAN w 2021 r.
Authors: Kaliszuk Jerzy
Published: October 2022

Research Activity of the Old and Rare Book Studies Research Unit at the Institute for the History of Science PAS in 2021

The article presents the achievements of the members of the Old and Rare Book Studies Research Unit in 2021. These comprise not only the tasks completed within the NPRH-funded project titled Inventory of national heritage in the field of medieval manuscripts, such as scientific queries or creating a database, but also scientific publications (monographs and scientific articles) as well as scientific and popularizing presentations at conferences, webinars, etc.
The right to defence in proceedings in the case of a financial penalty being imposed for infringement of banking law by a supervisory authorities in Germany and Poland
Authors: Stawińska-Artecka Weronika
Published: October 2022

The article aims to present the model of proceedings in the case of a financial penalty being imposed for infringement of banking law in Poland and Germany and verify whether the parties' right to defence is ensured. The above issue is extremely topical, especially in light of the number and amount of financial penalties imposed by banking supervisory authorities. The article's thesis assumes that the legal regulations in force in Poland and Germany make the indicated guarantee a reality. The article highlights the role of financial market supervisory authorities, whose activities, including the imposition of financial penalties, translate into the safety of the banking sector. Detecting and then sanctioning banking law violations motivates financial market participants not to commit such violations. First, based on an analysis of judicial decisions and international law norms, the criteria that an exemplary model implementing the principle of the right to defence should meet were established. On the other hand, the following part of the article compares the legal framework in Poland and Germany and verifies whether the legal provisions provide the parties with the guarantees in question when imposing a financial penalty for violations of banking law.
SỰ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA BỔ CHÍNH TRƯỜNG ĐỊNH XỨ LÊN CƠ CHẾ TƯƠNG TÁC MẠNH
Authors: TRẦN MINH HIẾN
Published: October 2022

Sử dụng mô hình hốc cộng hưởng thực, chúng tôi khảo sát ảnh hưởng của bổ chính trường định xứ lên cơ chế tương tác mạnh. Nguyên tử được đặt tại tâm của một buồng cộng hưởng hình cầu nhiều lớp có dạng phân bố Bragg là mô hình hiện nay có thể thực hiện được bằng thực nghiệm. Tần số dao động Rabi cũng như điều kiện để xuất hiện cơ chế tương tác mạnh được khảo sát. Bổ chính trường định xứ thậm chí có thể phá vỡ cơ chế tương tác mạnh. Tác dụng của bổ chính trường định xứ được tăng cường khi mật độ vật chất tăng do sự truyền năng lượng trực tiếp từ nguyên tử đến môi trường. Khi mật độ vật chất thấp và/hoặc hấp thụ vật chất bé, sự thay đổi của mật độ vật chất không làm ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến cơ chế tương tác mạnh, ngoại trừ việc gây ra sự dịch chuyển nhỏ trong tần số cộng hưởng.
LỜI GIẢI GIẢI TÍCH CHO QUÁ TRÌNH CỐ KẾT THEO PHƯƠNG NGANG CỦA LỚP ĐẤT SÉT YẾU GIA CỐ BẤC THẤM TRÊN TẦNG CHỨA NƯỚC HẠN CHẾ
Authors: NGUYỄN BÁ PHÚ  , NGUYỄN THỊ PHƯƠNG LINH
Published: October 2022

Tầng chứa nước hạn chế được xem như là tầng nước ngầm nằm phía dưới mực nước ngầm tự do. Tầng chứa nước hạn chế này được tích tụ trong lớp cát, đá hoặc lớp sỏi sạn có tính thấm lớn, thường nằm giữa hai hoặc nhiều lớp không thấm như lớp đất sét, sét yếu. Vì tầng nước hạn chế có áp suất lớn hơn áp suất khí quyển, nên khi tiến hành một lỗ xuống lớp này từ mặt đất, nước có thể bị đẩy lên trên mặt đất (artesian pressure) qua lỗ khoan đó. Có thể thấy rằng lớp đất không thấm (sét, sét yếu) chịu một áp lực đi lên từ tầng nước hạn chế (áp lực artesian). Hiện tượng địa chất này thường được tìm thấy ở các khu vực đồng bằng hay đô thị nằm ở các vùng thung lũng, được bao quanh bởi đồi núi hay khu vực địa hình cao hơn. Việc khảo sát đặc điểm cường độ và ứng xử cố kết của lớp đất yếu nằm trên tầng chứa nước hạn chế này là cần thiết trong địa kỹ thuật. Nhìn chung các nghiên cứu trước đây chưa đề cập đến vấn đề phức tạp này. Bài báo này tiến hành một lời giải phân tích đặc điểm cố kết theo phương ngang cho lớp đất sét được gia cố bởi bấc thấm và chịu áp lực từ dưới lên của tầng chứa nước hạn chế. Kết quả cho thấy tốc độ cố kết diễn ra chậm hơn so với quá trình cố kết trong trường hợp của lớp đất yếu không có tầng áp lực nước hạn chế. Lời giải có thể vận dụng cho vấn đề xử lý nền trong trường hợp các lớp đất yếu chịu áp lực từ tầng nước hạn chế.
A New Model for the Development and Implementation of Information Systems Strategy in Multi-national Group Companies.
Authors:   , Weber Christian
Published: October 2022

This thesis explores how Information Systems (IS) strategy is developed and implemented in multi-subsidiary international Groups. The research objectives focus on the processes, mechanisms, and impacts of how IS strategy is developed and implemented in international Group companies comprising several subsidiaries. In addition, it puts forward a framework for the operational execution of IS strategy development and implementation in this context. The research design is based on an inductive, qualitative, narrative research approach. The thesis assesses learnings from a literature review and 18 individual interviews of experts working in this research field. It discusses future challenges for those six multi-national enterprises where the experts are currently employed. Key issues distilled from the literature to develop the semi-structured questionnaire for the experts are identified and discussed, which provide data for constructing the framework for IS development and implementation. The thesis concludes that the advent and uptake of new technologies in recent years has significantly impacted IS strategy within multi-national organizations. Furthermore, based on a pragmatic perspective, both IS development and implementation appear to be managerial solutions that large enterprises desire to implement to get the most alignment between the business processes and the IS. Hence, this thesis focuses on contributing to this challenge by putting forward a realistic framework for IS development and implementation. The findings thus provide material for constructing a new framework for IS development and implementation. The framework consists of change dimensions and process phases. Six dimensions are identified that drive or impact the IS strategy – Cost & Benefits – Organization & Processes – Human Capital – Project & Services – Integration - Technology, for which the acronym COCPIT is used. The definition of Integration encompasses the concepts of Business Alignment and Governance. Technology defines how the IT infrastructure is set up and covers the make or buy decision, such as using standard or custom applications. Developing and implementing an IS strategy is structured around five core process phases – Review – Align – Engage – Execute – Control, for which the acronym RAEEC is used. The final framework is based on the interaction of these two concepts - the COCPIT dimensions and the RAEEC process phases. The framework adds to existing IS development and IS implementation frameworks and is unique in combining IS development and implementation for multi-national enterprises.