bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Hydrocarbon Stratigraphy (AHS) Use of Proprietary Rock Volatiles Stratigraphy (RVS) System to Analyze Cutting Samples of Great Bear Pantheon's Exploration Wells on the North Slope
Authors: Smith Christopher M , Smith Michael P , Gordon Patrick S , Smith Timothy M , Duncan Ed
Published: May 2023

Coming into 2021 previous work had identified major potential oil targets throughout the Brookian Campanian Section and in the Kuparuk River Sands of Great Bear Pantheon's (GBP) Talitha and Alkaid units and Theta West leasehold on the North Slope of Alaska which sit immediately adjacent to the Dalton Highway and Tans Alaska Pipeline System approximately 20 miles south of the town of Dead Horse in Prudhoe Bay. These identified targets were based on a combination of previous drilling by ARCO with their Pipeline State 1 well (drilled in 1988) and Alkaid 1 drilled by GBP (drilled in 2015 by Great Bear Petroleum at the time) in addition to 3D seismic owned by GBP. Following Great Bear Petroleum's merger in 2019 with Pantheon Resources to become Great Bear Pantheon and a successful test at the Alkaid 1 well an expanded project of exploration and appraisal wells was launched. This project began with the drilling of the Talitha A exploration well and continued with the Theta West 1 and Alkaid 2 wells. All these wells encountered multiple and significant oil accumulations in the Brookian Campanian Section. A key part of these exploration and appraisal wells was the analysis of sealed at well site and unsealed gently airdried drill cuttings by Rock Volatiles Stratigraphy (RVS) (also known as Volatiles Analysis Service (VAS)) developed by Advanced Hydrocarbon Stratigraphy (AHS). RVS enables the direct measurement of the C1-10 hydrocarbons, water, and several other volatile compounds relevant to evaluating petroleum systems via a gentle extraction, identification, and quantification process on a novel cryo-trap mass spectroscopy system developed in house by AHS. The RVS results have been especially helpful in the analysis of the Brookian Campanian Section given the petrophysically challenging nature of the play, representing an independent measurement relating to hydrocarbons (HC) and water that can be paired with the petrophysics to provide greater confidence in the identification of pay zones. RVS analysis and interpretation is done blind with no additional information beforehand significantly diminishing opportunities for bias in the interpretation of the results before being paired with other datasets. Beyond observations about HC and water content, significant additional information about the petroleum system such as oil quality (API gravity and biological activity), rock/reservoir properties, seals/compartments, and overall strength of the system was provided via RVS. Many of these results were used in the planning of subsequent well site activities like perforations and have been proven accurate in resulting flow tests. When combined with other data like 3D seismic the RVS data enables an immense appreciation of the world class asset that the multiple continuous accumulations in the Brookian Campanian Section of GBP's acreage represents.
Evaluating Oil Quality and Microbial Activity Across Fault Blocks and Subunits of the Ugnu (N. Slope, Alaska) by Volatiles Analysis of Cuttings and Produced Crude - Implications for Completions and Production
Authors: Smith Christopher M , Nolan Seth , Edwards Reid , Conrad Caleb , Gordon Patrick S , Smith Timothy M , Smith Michael P
Published: May 2023

Hilcorp's Milne Point S-203 was drilled in 2019 targeting the biodegraded heavy oil of the Ugnu Formation, for exploration and development; being one of the first Ugnu wells to be successfully drilled, completed, and conventionally produced. S-203 crossed three fault blocks and intersected multiple Ugnu subunits. A volatiles analysis, via rock volatiles stratigraphy (RVS), of the cuttings from the main borehole and sidetracks enabled a spatial assessment of oil quantity, microbial activity, and the effect of faults in the different subunits. Produced oil from early in the life cycle of the well was analyzed with RVS, both RVS datasets were combined with completions to assess production contribution across the borehole. These results provide important insights for development of the Ugnu as a heavy oil play on the Alaskan North Slope.
A tool for assessing sexual knowledge of people with Intellectual disabilities in Norway
Authors: Svae Gøril Brevik , Zachariassen Peter , Fjeld Wenche , Søndenaa Erik
Published: May 2023

Background: Previous research has shown that people with intellectual disabilities have limited sexual knowledge, which can be essential for developing positive sexuality. This study aimed to check the validity and reliability of an assessment tool (SexKunn) for measuring the sexual knowledge of people with intellectual disabilities in Norway. Further, we aimed to identify potential knowledge gaps among the participants and highlight their potential impact.
Methods: 37 people with intellectual disabilities completed one assessment. 20 participants then completed a retest. Clinicians’ (n=23) views on the assessment tool were measured to obtain face validity.
Results: A weighted Cohen’s kappa for the test and retest of the overall scores was considered to be substantial. The clinicians described an acceptable face validity regarding high positive value scores and low negative burden scores. They also suggested improvements. The study identified that the participants lacked knowledge about female genitals, hygiene, appropriate touching/sexual acts with friends/ intimate partners, and contraception.
Conclusions: The SexKunn is a feasible assessment tool to measure sexual knowledge in people with intellectual disabilities. A lack of sexual knowledge of people with intellectual disabilities may violate their sexual rights.
Willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19: The impact of national identity and the nature of propaganda
Authors: Zhou Shuang-Zhu , Wu Chen-Yang , GUO Yu-Huan , Bai Xue , Tang Ri-Xin
Published: May 2023

Objective: Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic requires many citizens to adopt disease-preventive practices. To enhance citizens' vaccination willingness, we explored the impact of national identity and different propaganda slogans on vaccination willingness.
Methods: A total of 1098 questionnaires were collected in Study 1, and all participants completed the national identity questionnaire, knowledge of vaccine side effects, vaccine trust, and vaccination willingness. The initial vaccination willingness of the participants (N=804) was measured in Study 2. All participants were then randomly divided into three groups: self-interested, altruistic, and neutral; each group watched the corresponding propaganda video. Each video, which lasted about 11 seconds, consisted of five self-interested, altruistic, or neutral propaganda slogans. Vaccination willingness was then measured again.
Results: 1. National identity can significantly predict vaccination willingness in the presence of side effects. 2. The effect of altruistic propaganda slogans on promoting individual vaccination willingness was significantly greater than that of the self-interested propaganda slogan, and the effect of altruistic propaganda slogans on individual vaccination willingness was significantly greater than that of neutral propaganda slogans.
Conclusions: National identity, knowledge of vaccine side effects, and vaccine trust can jointly predict individual vaccination willingness in cases of strong national identity. Altruistic slogans have the greatest influence on the change in individuals’ vaccination willingness, and the influence of altruistic propaganda slogans can significantly improve individual vaccination willingness.
Sleep quality of undergraduates in Fujian and its influencing factors : a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Fuzhi , Zhu Dandan , Deng Lifeng , Zhao Yanyan , Chen Yangjia , Tu Zhuote
Published: May 2023

Purpose:This study aims to investigate the sleep quality of college students and explore the factors influencing it. Furthermore, it seeks to determine an effective intervention that can enhance the quality of student sleep.
Patients and methods:The quality of sleep was assessed through the use of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the General Survey Questionnaire was also utilized. The research was conducted through an online survey administered on the Wenjuanxing platform.
Results:A total of 971 valid questionnaires were recovered. The mean total PSQI score was 4.52 ± 3.17. A total of 310 students had sleep disorders, and the detection rate was 32.0%. Significant differences exist in sleep quality in different ages, genders, educational levels and majors. College students (<20 years) had significantly higher sleep duration and total PSQI score than college students (> years). However, students (<20 years) had significantly fewer sleep disturbances than students (>20 years). According to the research findings, there were notable differences between males and females in terms of sleep patterns. Females experienced more sleep disturbance and had higher total PSQI scores, while males tended to sleep duration. Interestingly, the junior college participants showed significantly higher levels of sleep latency and daytime dysfunction compared to the undergraduate and postgraduate students.Medical students experienced significantly longer sleep latency and daytime dysfunction when compared to non-medical students. In contrast, medical educations than non-medical students.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking(OR=1.932),electronic products addiction(OR=2.918), personal history of acute illness(OR=2.238)were identified as independent risk factors.In turn, level of education (OR=0.606) and parents without sleep problems (OR=0.500)were protective factors.
Conclusion:College students in Fujian have some sleep problems.We should pay attention to the relationship between smoking,electronic products addiction, personal history of acute illness and sleep quality.Health policymakers should consider these factors in improving college students, sleep quality.
Charge-induced ultralow friction
Authors: Cammarata Antonio , Polcar Tomas , Liao Mengzhou
Published: May 2023

Reaching near-zero friction is one of the jewels on the crown of tribology, and structural lubricity is a crucial mechanism to achieve it. Previous works focus mainly on the structural lubricity at incommensurate crystalline interfaces. However, realizing such interfaces on a large scale without defects and contaminations is a formidable challenge. Here, we report a charge-induced robust macroscale superlubricity between single crystal graphite and atomically flat surfaces in the ambient condition. We transferred single crystal graphite flakes on Si3N4 balls and used them to measure the friction properties on pristine and charged atomically flat surfaces such as 300 nm SiO2/Si and sapphire. We found that the surface charge can dramatically reduce the coefficient of friction between graphite and substrates by two orders of magnitude to 10-4, and the sliding is wearless even under harsh contact conditions (~ 1.1 GPa center pressure and > 100 m). We demonstrate that the surface charge is critical in achieving superlubricity because it can reduce adhesion between graphite and substrate surfaces and make the substrate surfaces resistant to contaminations. Our method offers a ready-to-use solution to superlubricity alternative to achieve incommensurate crystalline interfaces. Thus, it can reduce the difficulty of realizing macroscale superlubricity for applications.
A Scoping Review of Machine Learning in Dental Radiography: Its Current Applications and Relevance in Dentistry
Authors: Shamaun Mizaan , Field James
Published: May 2023

Background
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly developed over the past decade, with seamless integrations across many industries. In a world where healthcare is more crucial than ever, AI can assist clinicians in identifying and diagnosing dental-related anatomy and pathology.
Aims
Explain the current AI model designs utilised in dental radiography, map out the emergent themes in the current literature and comment on AI model accuracy in radiographic object recognition and interpretation.
Methods
Using four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCOHost), a search strategy was employed to identify relevant published literature from January 2012 - September 2022. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess the experimental validity of each study included in this review. For each study included, the data extracted included study source, image type, dataset number, AI architecture, data pre-processing, train/validation/test data split and model performance values.
Results
18 studies were included in the Discussion spanning four different categories including dental and maxillofacial radiology, orthodontics, periodontology, and restorative dentistry.
Conclusions
AI models as demonstrated in this study can identify dental-skeletal landmarks with reasonable accuracy and can be applied in numerous restorative dentistry contexts.
An Empirical Study of the Deep Gradient Network Model to Perform Efficient Packet Classification
Authors: Yazhini K , Umarani B
Published: May 2023

The fast expansion of the Internet has increased the significance of packet classification in a network environment. The classification of the packets was done using various centred-on data structure techniques. However, the current algorithms have an issue with time budget and can't handle big rule sets. The main challenge is creating a packet classification algorithm that adds processing overhead and can handle enormous sets of classification rules. The proposed deep gradient network model (DGN) fixes these difficult problems. The anticipated model assists in handling complex tasks with higher prediction accuracy. The network adopts the dense network modelling concept to measure the feature representation and performs the classification process to fulfil prediction accuracy. The model works well compared to other approaches where the analysis is done with the standard benchmark ACL and evaluation is done with k-NN, SVM and DNN. Based on the outcomes, it is proven that the model establishes a better trade-off compared to other approaches.
A radiomics nomogram based on 18F-FDG PET/CT and clinical risk factors for the Prediction of Peritoneal Metastasis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Xie Jiageng , Xue Beihui , Bian Shuying , Ji Xiaowei , Lin Jie , Zheng Xiangwu , Tang Kun
Published: May 2023

Purpose Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is usually considered an incurable factor of gastric cancer (GC) and not fit for surgery. The patients may miss the time window of chemotherapy if they were diagnosed PM positive after the gastrectomy. Accurate preoperative prediction of PM in GC patients is vital for prognosis and treatment decisions making. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a 18F-FDG PET/CT derived radiomics model combining with clinical risk factors for predicting PM of GC.Method In this retrospective study, 410 GC patients (PM - = 281, PM + = 129) who underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT images from January 2015 to October 2021 were analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 288) and a validation cohort (n = 122). The maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) and the least shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method were applied to select feature. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was preformed to develop the predicting model. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness were used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram both in training and validation cohort.Result Fourteen radiomics feature parameters were selected to construct radiomics model. The Area Under Curve (AUC) of the radiomics model were 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81–0.90) in the training cohort and 0.85 (95%CI, 0.78–0.92) in the validation cohort. After multivariable logistic regression, peritoneal effusion, mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and radiomics signature showed statistically significant differences between different PM status patients(P < 0.05). They were chosen to construct the comprehensive predicting model which showed a performance with an AUC of 0.92 (95%CI, 0.89–0.95) in the training cohort and 0.92 (95%CI, 0.86–0.98) in the validation cohort, respectively.Conclusion The nomogram based on 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics features and clinical risk factors can be potentially applied in individualized treatment strategy making for gastric cancer patients before the surgery.
Assessment of Oral health related quality of life and its associated factors in head and neck cancer survivors, within one-year, post cancer treatment. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Farrukh Sana , Rozi Shafquat , Sawani Sobia , Khan Farhan Raza , Awan Muhammad Sohail , Akhtar Shabbir , Siddiqui Moghira Iqbaluddin , Abbas Syed Akbar , Taimoor Shazia
Published: May 2023

Background Patients after completing their treatment for HNC, are often functionally challenged by the acute and chronic complications in the oral cavity such as oral pain, limited mouth opening, xerostomia etc. These complications are known to reduce their OHRQoL, because of restricted food intake, limited social activity and economic growth, therefore impacting their overall well-being and survival. This study aims to assess the OHRQoL and its associated sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene related factors and oral clinical parameters such as OH status and OM grade in HNC survivors within one-year post cancer treatment.Methodology This was a cross-sectional study performed among HNC survivors at the ENT and dental clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. OHRQoL was assessed using EORTC QLQ H&N – 35, patients were examined for oral hygiene status using OHI- simplified and oral mucositis grade using WHO oral mucositis scale at one point in time. One sample t- test and multiple linear regression was used to test OHRQoL and its associations with the sociodemographic and clinical factors.Results The results of the study showed an overall higher mean score for OHRQoL of 25.02 ± 15.86 (95% CI 21.46–28.57), with difficulty in mouth opening and dry mouth because of salivary dysfunction among the most affected domains with higher symptoms scores in the study population. Significant association of OHRQoL were found with BMI, OH status, marital status, monthly income, gender and fluoride toothpaste use in HNC patients within one-year post cancer treatment (p < 0.05).Conclusion: High mean score for OHRQoL in HNC patients suggests their QoL is negatively impacted by their poor oral health post cancer treatment, therefore it is important to evaluate and modify the current treatment modalities and involve multidisciplinary teams, to improve their OHRQoL thereby enhancing overall QoL.
School-based Comprehensive Sexuality Education for Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy: A Scoping Review
Authors: Myat Su Mon , Pattanittum Porjai , Sothornwit Jen , Ngamjarus Chetta , Rattanakanokchai Siwanon , Show Kyaw Lwin , Jampathong Nampet , Lumbiganon Pisake
Published: May 2023

Background Adolescent pregnancy is a global public health problem. Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) aims at increasing contraceptive use to prevent adolescent pregnancy. Numerous approaches for CSE delivery in schools have been implemented around the world. Previous reviews did not follow the International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education (ITGSE) and because this subject is very diverse in terms of population, interventions, settings and outcomes. We conducted this scoping review to identify and map the evidence of school-based CSE for prevention of adolescent pregnancy with emphasizing on adolescents’ contraceptive use, unintended pregnancy and abortion.Methods We searched PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, and WHO ICTRP to identify potential eligible studies from their inception to 12th May 2022. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs of CSE implemented in public or private schools for adolescents. CSE was defined as a multi-session intervention in school that covered topics including contraception, pregnancy, abortion, and HIV/STI. School-based interventions were the main intervention that may be either stand-alone or multicomponent. There was no limitation on study’s geographical area, but only English-language studies were considered. Two reviewers selected and extracted data independently, discussed for consensus or consulted the third reviewer if there are discrepancies for final conclusion. Data were presented using figures, map and table.Results Out of 5,342 records, 75 studies (97 reports) were included in this review. Most studies were conducted in the United States and other high-income countries in secondary or high schools with cluster RCTs. All studies included participatory methods. Almost all studies included Sexual and Reproductive Health which is the eighth concept of CSE. The number of concepts, duration and providers varied across the included studies. However, none of the interventions identified in this scoping review adhered to the ITGSE recommended approach. Condom use was the most common reported outcome.Conclusions Our scoping review shows gaps in school-based CSE implementation in terms of completeness of concepts, providers, duration and outcomes recommended by ITGSE.
Novel double hybrid-type bone cements based on calcium phosphates, chitosan and citrus pectin
Authors: Pańtak Piotr , Czechowska Joanna P. , Cichoń Ewelina , Zima Aneta
Published: May 2023

In this work, the influence of the liquid phase composition on the physicochemical properties of double hybrid-type bone substitutes was investigated. The solid phase of obtained biomicroconcretes was composed of highly-reactive α-tricalcium phosphate powder (α-TCP) and hybrid hydroxyapatite/chitosan granules (HA/CTS). Various combinations of disodium phosphate (Na2HPO4) solution and citrus pectin gel were used as liquid phases. The novelty of this study is the development of double-hybrid materials with a dual setting system. The double hybrid phenomenon is due to the interactions between polycationic polymer (chitosan in hybrid granules) and polyanionic polymer (citrus pectin). The chemical and phase composition (FTIR, XRD), setting times (Gillmore Needles), injectability, mechanical strength, microstructure (SEM) and chemical stability in vitro were studied. It has been showed that the properties of materials can be controlled by using the appropriate ratio of citrus pectin in the liquid phase.
Nasal Decongestant Effects of Vitellaria Paradoxa (Shea Butter) Extracts, a Hospital Based Study.
Authors: Lilly-Tariah Benedict , Siminialayi Iyeopu Miniakiri , Akoko Sokiprim , Stephen Musa , Oghenekaro Ediriverere
Published: May 2023

Background Mucosal inflammation underlies many of the specific and interrelated factors that contribute to nasal congestion and shea butter is used by local healers as a treatment for inflammatory conditions including nasal congestion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of extracts of Shea butter on diagnosed patients with Nasal congestion.Method Forty-Two study participants were randomized into two main groups- control (standard of care- Cetirizine, Xylometazoline) and then the shea butter/ shea butter extract group which was further subdivided into 4 groups- extract 1(saponifiable); extract2 (non-saponifiable), extract 3(Steroid) and shea butter. Following the administration of the various drugs, participants were followed for 24hours with nasal washout samples taken at baseline and 24hours later, then analyzed for the presence of inflammatory cells. All test substances were assessed for efficacy in terms of time of onset of action and duration at which almost complete relief from nasal congestion was achieved using median scores and ANOVA within each group.Results The participants had moderate to severe nasal congestion. The test group received shea butter and shea butter extracts, the control groups received xylometazoline, and Cetirizine treatment. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to subjectively assess the degree of relief from nasal congestion in these patients with a score of 1 as minimum relief and 10 as maximum relief from nasal congestion per time. The findings suggests that, the shea butter/shea butter extracts test groups experienced nasal decongestion with non-saponifiable extract of shea butter having a short onset of action and eliciting complete relief after 4 hours (median VAS score of 9.7). The non-saponifiable extract was as effective as the standard of care groups – (cetirizine with median VAS score of 7.3 and Xylometazoline with median VAS score of 7.7) for the same time.Conclusion From this study, it is clear that shea butter and shea butter extracts may be more effective than conventional standard of care drugs in treating nasal congestion and should be recommended as a healthy non synthetic alternative with almost no adverse effect and may be a latent source of novel therapeutic agent.
Counterfactual Detection
Authors: Anandan Karthik Raja , Ravichandran Jagadish , Ravikumar Abithkumar , Kalinathan Lekshmi
Published: May 2023

Counterfactual statements, which describe hypothetical events that did not occur due to different circumstances, have been studied in various fields, such as NLP, psychology, medicine, politics, and economics. They can be misleading in productr eviews and are challenging to detect in multilingual setups due to language diversity. Current systems struggle to identify counterfactual statements due to limite ddata availability. To address these issues, a proposed counterfactual detection system utilizes a domain-independent and multilingual few-shot model. The system incorporates clue-phrases to mitigate the limited data problem and improve performance by 5-10% compared to existing few-shot techniques. The use of clue-phrases during training can enhance the efficacy of the model, making it more efficient at identifying counterfactual statements.
Design, cross-docking and ONIOM studies of potent antiviral HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Authors: Patnin Suwicha , Makarasen Arthit , Vijitphan Pongsit , Baicharoen Apisara , Chaiwisutangkun Apinya , Kuno Mayuso , Sirithana Wandee , Techasakul Supanna
Published: May 2023

In the present study, we aimed to develop and discover anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) using quinoline as a core structure. Quinoline derivatives were designed using a molecular hybridization approach through the fusion of the pharmacophores present in the structures of HIV-1 RT drugs, namely, nevirapine, efavirenz, etravirine, talviraline, and rilpivirine. Quinoline derivatives were developed into two compounds, namely,4-(2′,6′-dimethyl-4′-cyanophenoxy)-6-(4′′-cyanophenyl)-aminoquinoline (1) and 4-(2′,6′-dimethyl-4′-cyanophenoxy)-2-(4′′-cyanophenyl)-aminoquinoline (2). The binding interactions between nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), quinoline derivatives and HIV-1 RT were investigated using cross-docking, molecular docking and the ONIOM approach. The cross-docking showed that the conformation of 4G1Q.pdb had the lowest binding energy values compared with the other conformations of HIV-1 RT. The molecular docking and ONIOM results revealed that (2) interacted with LYS101 residues through hydrogen bonding and interacted with TYR181 and TRP229 residues through pi–pi stacking in the binding pocket of HIV-1 RT, similar to that of rilpivirine. Moreover, (2) and rilpivirine had the lowest total interaction energy compared with other ligands. Therefore, the design and development of 2-amino-4-phenoxy-substituted quinoline as an inhibitor of HIV-1 RT is of interest for further study. The data suggested that these novel series could serve as a starting point for the development of anti-HIV-1 drugs in the near future.
Identifying Urban-Rural Disparities and Dominant Determinants of Prevalence of Disabilities in Tianjin, China
Authors: Jiang Yuxiao , Qiu Ning , Du Mengbing , Han Xinyu , Zhao Liang
Published: May 2023

In the current context of aging and urbanization, the rapid increase in the prevalence of disabilities (PoDs) has become an important consideration in healthy urban planning. Previous studies have focused on the spatial prevalence of total disabilities based on large-scale survey data. However, few studies have examined different types of PoDs and the factors contributing to spatial disparities in micro-urban units at the municipal level. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the spatial PoDs, related built environments, and socio-economic factors across Tianjin municipality in 2020. The study employed Getis-Ord GI* analysis to identify urban-rural disparities and OLS and quantile regression analyses to model the heterogeneous effects of the spatial PoDs determinants across quantiles. The results reveal that the PoDs, especially visual, hearing, and limb disabilities, in the urban centre, are significantly higher than those in rural areas, which is inconsistent with previous studies conducted in China. Urbanization rate, medical facilities, and education facilities significantly reduced total PoDs, while the elderly population, migrant population, bus route density, and road density significantly increased it. The built environments and socio-economic factors had heterogeneous impacts on different types of PoDs, which were summarized into three categories based on the dominant determinants: (1) visual and hearing disabilities were medical facility dominated; (2) intellectual and limb disabilities were urbanization, and aging dominated; and (3) mental and speech disabilities were migrant dominated. This study provides scientific advice to adapt to the expected increase in demand for disability-related medical and public health services and to expand the range of effective strategies and interventions aimed at preventing the deterioration of disability and improving disability management in the population.
Prediction and Outcomes of Splenic Flexure Mobilization Duration during Laparoscopic Distal Colectomy for Colorectal Cancer: An Analysis of Operation Videos
Authors: Akyol Huseyin , Arslan Naciye Cigdem , Kocak Mehmet , Pekuz Caglar Kazim , Haksal Mustafa , Gogenur Ismail , oncel mustafa
Published: May 2023

Purpose:Splenic flexure mobilization (SFM) is a challenging step during laparoscopic colorectal operations. This study aims to inspect the predicting measures and consequences of lengthened SFM duration during laparoscopic distal colorectal cancer surgery.Methods:Patients underwent elective laparoscopic anterior or low anterior resection (AR or LAR) for distal sigmoid or rectal cancer were included. Data were abstracted from a prospectively designed database. A blinded observer to the patients and procedures watched the operation videos and tiered the steps of the procedures into 5 as follows: 1) medial-to-lateral dissection, 2) pelvic dissection, 3) dissection of the white line, 4) SFM, and 5) stapling, resection, extraction of the specimen and anastomosis. Patient and disease related measures predicting SFM duration and consequences of lengthened SFM duration were investigated.Results:A total of 105 patients (62 male, 59%) treated with AR (n=41) or LAR (N=64) were included to the study. No other patient or disease related features, but patients’ body mass index (BMI), weight and height were found to be significant predicting measures for lengthened SFM duration (p=0.0086, p=0.002 and p=0.43, respectively). The duration of SFM was correlating with the intervals of steps 1 (p=0.0013), 3 (p=0.0088) and 5 (p=0.04) and total operation time (p<0.0001). Lengthened SFM did not worsen postoperative measures including complications, hospitalization period and early oncological outcomes.Conclusions:Patients’ BMI, weight and height are the predicting measures for SFM duration at the time of laparoscopic distal colectomies. SFM duration shows a strong correlation with the durations of almost all other steps and total operation time but does not affect perioperative measures. Trial registration: E-10840098-772.02-61604 2.2.2019
Investigating the Impact of Workload Characteristics on the Scalability and Performance of Permissioned Blockchain
Authors: Thakur Anita , Ranga Virender , Agarwal Ritu
Published: May 2023

Blockchain Technology has grown exponentially in recent years due to its decentralized, immutable, transparent data storage, transaction sharing, and processing. With the emergence of different blockchain platforms, it is substantial to analyze and evaluate the performance of these platforms in various scenarios. The popularity of the public blockchain, i.e., Bitcoin and Ethereum, has increased manifold. But in distinction to a public blockchain, there is a permissioned and private blockchain that allows restricted involvement of users in the network. To make a well-informed decision regarding the selection of an appropriate platform for utilization, it is crucial to evaluate diverse performance metrics among the numerous available blockchain platforms. In this study, we conducted an assessment of the performance of the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain (HLF), taking into account various metrics such as resource consumption, throughput, success rate, and latency. We have incorporated parameters such as the ordering service, programming language to write chaincode/smart contracts, number of transactions, transactions per second, and organizations to evaluate the system’s performance. Along with our analysis, we also suggested potential areas of research for the future development of blockchain technology.
Risks for recurrent injury and death among survivors of violence experiencing homelessness
Authors: Courtepatte Alexa , Dugan Elizabeth , Pino Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

A better understanding of the unique risks for survivors of violence experiencing homelessness could enable more effective intervention methods. The aim of this study was to quantify the risks of death and re-injury for unhoused survivors of violent injuries. This retrospective study included a cohort of patients presenting to the Boston Medical Center Emergency Department between 2009 and 2018 with a violent penetrating injury. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the risks of all-cause mortality and violent reinjury within 3 years of the index injury. Of the 2330 patients included for analysis, 415 (17.8%) were unhoused at the time of index injury. Within 3 years of surviving the index injury, unhoused patients were more likely than housed patients to be violently reinjured by all causes (HR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.06–1.83, p = 0.02), by stab wound (HR = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.33–4.11, p = 0.0003), and by assault (HR = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.05–2.21, p = 0.03). Housed and unhoused patients were equally likely to die within 3 years of their index injury; however, unhoused patients were at greater risk of dying by homicide (HR = 2.89, 95%CI = 1.34–6.25, p = 0.006) or by a drug/alcohol overdose (HR = 2.86, 95%CI = 1.17–6.94, p = 0.02). In addition to the already high risks that all survivors of violence have for recurrent injuries, unhoused survivors of violence are at even greater risk for violent reinjury and death, and fatal drug/alcohol overdose. Securing stable housing for survivors of violence experiencing homelessness, and connecting them with addiction treatment, is essential for mitigating these risks.
The association between COVID-19 infection and cardiac involvement in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care center
Authors: Bader Mahmoud Waleed , adeen Abdulqader M. Alaa , Hetta Omar Esam , Aloufi Alwaleed Khalid , Fallata Muhannad Hamza , Alsiraihi Abdulaziz Abdullah , Ahmed Mohamed Eldigire , Kinsara Abdulhalim Jamaludeen
Published: May 2023

Objective
The effect of COVID-19 infection on the cardiovascular system is well established. However, knowledge gaps in the clinical implications of cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients are yet to be addressed. This study aimed to investigate acute cardiac injury (ACI) risk factors and the outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection with cardiac involvement.
Method
In this study, we included hospitalized patients between March 2020 and May 2022 with confirmed COVID-19 infection and evidence of cardiac involvement.
Results
In total, 501 patients were included, of whom 396 (79%) had evidence of ACI. The median troponin level was 25.8 (interquartile range [IQR]: 10.8–71). The patients with evidence of ACI were significantly more likely to have diabetes mellitus (75% vs. 60%; p = 0.003), cardiovascular disease (48% Vs. 37%; p = 0.042), chronic lung disease (22.2% vs. 12.4%; p = 0.02), and chronic kidney disease (32.3% vs. 16.2%; p = < 0.001). Additionally, the patients with ACI were significantly more likely to have cardiomegaly (60.6% vs. 44.8%; p = 0.004) and bilateral lobe infiltrates (77.8% vs. 60%; p < 0.001) on X-ray. The patients with ACI were significantly more likely to suffer from complications such as cardiogenic shock (5.3% vs. 0%; p = 0.001), arrhythmias (42% vs. 30.5%; p = 0.002), pneumonia (80.1% vs. 65.7%; p = 0.003), sepsis (24.2% vs. 9.5%; p < 0.001), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (33.1% vs. 8.6%; p < 0.001). Patients with ACI were also significantly more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (57% vs. 26.7%; p < 0.001) and significantly more likely to die (38.1% vs. 11.4%; p < 0.001). The results of the multivariate regression analysis indicated that mortality was significantly higher in patients with elevated troponin levels (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 4.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.49–8.98).
Conclusion
In COVID-19 patients who exhibited evidence of ACI, age, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and chronic kidney disease were associated with increased risk of ACI. Patients with these risk factors are at risk of severe complications, such as ICU admission, sepsis, and death.
Beyond Frailty Phenotype, the role of Preoperative Electronic Frailty Assessment in Predicting Postoperative Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Henriquez-Santos Gretell , Al-Jumayli Mohammed , Extermann Martine , Anaya Daniel A.
Published: May 2023

Background: Frailty evaluation adds valuable information to standard preoperative risk assessments, however defining frailty in the perioperative period can be challenging. This systematic review examines the role of preoperative electronic frailty assessment in predicting postoperative outcomes in older patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify studies reporting the use of e-frailty screening tools or measures in this population. Studies were assessed for quality and findings were synthesized to determine the prevalence of frailty, outcomes of interest (e.g., length of stay, 30-day mortality), and feasibility of electronic frailty assessment in this setting.
Results: A total of 31 studies were included in the review. The studies found that frailty assessments performed using electronic data provided prognostic value for postoperative outcomes. Specifically, among the included studies, 7 were performed prospectively and 24 were conducted retrospectively. The methods of assessing frailty were highly heterogeneous, with frailty being defined using 10 different variables. The most commonly used instruments were the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), followed by the 11 item-modified frailty index (mFI-11) and the mFI-5. Reported rates of frailty varied widely, ranging from 2.63% to 61.28%. Feasibility was assessed in all studies, with implementation being the most frequently reported measure. However, only 4 out of 31 data points were based on objective data, and information about other feasibility aspects, such as time needed for completion/speed and practicality, was hardly reported.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that electronic frailty assessment can provide valuable information to standard preoperative risk assessments and may help to detect and prevent undesirable postoperative outcomes in this population. Further research is needed to optimize care plans and improve outcomes for older patients undergoing oncologic surgery.
Summarizing Medical Imaging Reports With Lstm Deep Learning Method for Effective Diagnosis / Treatment Process
Authors: Ordu Sümeyra Kuş , Yıldız Oktay
Published: May 2023

The study aims to summarize the medical imaging reports automatically and to use them effectively in diagnosis and treatment. Summary reports will save time and reduce the workload by helping specialist physicians. Since summary reports will be more likely to be read in full instead of lengthy reports, the possibility of missing important details will decrease. 2457 medical imaging reports from 2199 people obtained from Medical Imaging Centers were used as data in automatic summary (retrospective patient records from 2019–2022). In the study, a model based on natural language processing, deep learning, and sequence-to-sequence architecture was designed. The success of summaries obtained automatically from medical imaging reports was evaluated with the ROUGE metric. In the study, all of the reports and the summaries of the report by the doctors were examined. The summary of the doctors was taken as a reference and compared obtained summary. The critical findings in the reference summary created by the physicians are also included in the summary obtained in the study. With the continuous increase in data in the health field, the need for summary systems is also increasing. It aims to effectively use the summary reports obtained in this study in the diagnosis and treatment process. Thus, patients' past and current imaging results will be compared quickly, and all current and previous reports will be used effectively for more accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Developing survey weights to ensure representativeness in a national, matched cohort study: results from the Children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study.
Authors: Rojas Natalia K , De Stavola Bianca L , Norris Tom , Cortina-Borja Mario , Nugawela Manjula D , Hargreaves Dougal , Dalrymple Emma , McOwat Kelsey , Simmons Ruth , Stephenson Terence , Shafran Roz , Consortium CLoCk , Pereira Snehal M Pinto
Published: May 2023

Background: Findings from studies assessing Long Covid in children and young people (CYP) need to be viewed in light of their methodological limitations. For example, if non-response and/or attrition over time systematically differ by sub-groups of CYP, findings could be biased and generalisation limited. The present study aimed to (i) construct survey weights for the Children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study, and (ii) apply them to published CLoCk findings showing the prevalence of shortness of breath and tiredness increased over time from baseline to 12-months post-baseline in both SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative CYP.
Methods: Logistic regression was used to compute the probability of (i) Responding given envisioned to take part, (ii) Responding timely given responded, and (iii) (Re)infection given timely response. Response, timely response and (re)infection weights were generated as the reciprocal of the corresponding probability, with an overall ‘envisioned population’ survey weight derived as the product of these weights. Survey weights were trimmed, and an interactive tool developed to re-calibrate target population survey weights to the general population using data from the 2021 UK Census.
Results: Flexible survey weights for the CLoCk study were successfully developed. In the illustrative example re-weighted results (when accounting for selection in response, attrition, and (re)infection) were consistent with published findings.
Conclusions: Flexible survey weights to address potential bias and selection issues were created for and used in the CLoCk study. Previously reported prospective findings from CLoCk are generalisable to the wider population of CYP in England. This study highlights the importance of considering selection into a sample and attrition over time when considering generalisability of findings.
Plasma levels and dietary intake of minerals in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Mudili Sivaprasad , Tattari Shalini , Sahay Manisha , Sahay Rakesh , Manavalan Satyanaryanan , Geereddy Bhanuprakash Reddy
Published: May 2023

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Altered mineral levels leading to adverse outcomes are widely reported in diabetes, but studies regarding their status in DKD are limited. To explore the status of minerals, a hospital-based case-control study was taken up with 54 healthy controls (C) and 140 subjects with type 2 diabetes wherein 74 subjects with diabetes, and CKD formed the DKD group, and 66 subjects with diabetes, no CKD formed the DNCKD group. High-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the blood levels of minerals (Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, and Se), and raw food-based food frequency questionnaire for dietary intakes. The median values of plasma Ca in the DKD group were significantly lower compared with the DNCKD and C groups (10.5 mg/dL vs. 11.0 mg/dL and 11.7 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Furthermore, plasma Ca levels lowered with declining kidney function, as evidenced by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria segregation. Dietary intake of minerals did not correlate with the corresponding plasma levels. However, in the DKD group, eGFR correlated positively with the plasma levels of Ca (r = 0.422, p = 0.001), Cr (r = 0.351, p = 0.008), Mn (r = 0.338, p = 0.011), Fe (r = 0.403, p = 0.002), Cu (r = 0.274, p = 0.041) and negatively with Se (r= -0.486, p < 0.001). Plasma Ca levels are lower in the DKD group with a strong positive association with eGFR, indicating its role in predicting the onset and progression of kidney function decline.
Impacts of aquaculture nutrient sources: ammonium uptake of commercially important eucheumatoids depends on phosphate levels 1
Authors: Narvarte Bienson Ceasar , Hinaloc Lourie Ann , Gonzaga Shienna Mae , Roleda Michael
Published: May 2023

In an integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) system, seaweeds serve as extractive species that utilize excess nutrients thereby reducing the risk of eutrophication and promoting sustainable aquaculture. However, the use of excessive fish feeds and the resultant fecal waste as nutrient streams can contribute to variations in nitrogen and phosphorus levels (e.g., primarily NH4+ and PO4-3) in the surrounding area, and this may impact the physiology of the integrated seaweeds particularly on how these species take up inorganic nutrients. In this study, the effect of different PO4-3 levels on NH4+ uptake of the three commercially important eucheumatoids Kappaphycus alvarezii, Kappaphycus striatus and Eucheuma denticulatum was examined under laboratory conditions. Seaweed thalli (n = 4) were incubated in seawater media containing 30 µM NH4+, representing eutrophic conditions, and 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0 or 5.0 µM PO4-3 for 1 h under a saturating light level of 116 ± 7.13 µmol photons m-2 s-1 inside a temperature-controlled laboratory. Species-specific responses to PO4-3 levels were observed. For K. alvarezii, maximum NH4+ uptake (17.8 ± 1.6 µmol gDW-1 h-1) was observed at 0.5 µM PO4-3 and the uptake rate declined at higher PO4-3 levels. For K. striatus, the NH4+ uptake increases with increasing PO4-3 levels, with maximum N-uptake (6.35 ± 0.9 µmol gDW-1 h-1) observed at 5.0 µM PO4-3. For E. denticulatum, maximum NH4+ uptake (14.6 ± 1.4 µmol gDW-1 h-1) was observed at 1.0 µM PO4-3. Our results suggest that, among the three eucheumatoid species, the NH4+ uptake of K. striatus persist even at high levels of PO4-3. However, our results also showed that K. striatus had the lowest range of NH4+ uptake rates. These results should be taken into consideration when incorporating eucheumatoids in IMTA system where PO4-3 levels significantly vary in space and time.