bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumers' Potentials to Adopt a Healthy Eating Lifestyle
Authors: Tsakiridou Efthimia , Tsiamparli Elisavet , Mattas Konstadinos
Published: August 2016

Unambiguously, nowadays healthy eating patterns have attracted the interest of researchers, society and media. Mainly four key widespread messages “eat less fat”, “eat less sugar”, “eat less salt” and “eat more fibre”, are among those widely perceived as healthy eating behavior. All those messages could support a healthy eating lifestyle, and consequently, avoid several chronic diseases and health problems. This research aimed to examine consumers' attitudes towards healthy eating, their difficulty to adopt a permanent healthy eating style and to assess which items consumers find more or less difficult to follow. The Rasch model was applied to assess the obstacles consumers are facing to adopt and follow healthy eating patterns and to relate them with a range of attitudinal and socio-economic factors faced by individuals. Results highlight significant differences among consumers in adopting healthy eating patterns, depending on the level of several key factors (gender, age and education).
Business Management Models of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Africa
Authors: Pashkova Nadya , Trujillo-Barrera Andres , Apostolakis George , Van Dijk Gert , Drakos Periklis D. , Baourakis George
Published: August 2016

In this study, the authors analyse the socioeconomic, political and geographic conditions that are conducive of cooperative microfinance initiatives in comparison with other organizational forms in Africa. They distinguish three types of institutions (MFIs) and business models: cooperatives/credit unions, non-profit or non-governmental (NGOs and commercial banks). To analyse the enabling environment for the three business models three types of factors are distinguished: macroeconomic policy, institutional, and geographical. Multinomial logistic regression is applied to investigate the impact of these external conditions. The authors use data on 1790 MFIs in selected African countries (MIX Market) and global socioeconomic data of these countries. Their findings reveal that irrespective geographic location, cooperatives feature in countries with civil law systems, low inflation rates and high levels of economic growth. Commercial MFIs (banks) feature particularly in the countries with common law legal systems. NGO type MFIs are associated with high inflation rates and low levels of economic growth.
Smart Advertising
Authors: Asmaryan Albert , Levanov Alexey , Borovik Irina
Published: August 2016

Currently, there is a problem of contextual advertising. Advertisers want to be able to target clearly the audience, because user experience and revenue depend on the relevance of the displayed ads. Contextual advertising supports much of the Web's ecosystem today online, but not in “offline”. The authors' task was to develop a system prototype, which gives the ability to display advertising based on users' interests in real life based on the best techniques of contextual advertising.
Defining Knowledge Constituents and Contents
Authors: Spuzic Sead , Narayanan Ramadas , Alif Megat Aiman , Nor Aishah M.N.
Published: August 2016

While it appears that a consensus is crystalising with regard to the hierarchy of concepts such as “knowledge”, “definition” and “information”, there is an increasing urgency for improving definitions of these terms. Strategies such as “knowledge extraction” or “data mining” rely on the increasing availability of digital (electronic) records addressing almost any aspect of socio-economic realm. Information processors are invaluable in the capacity of turning large amount of data into information. However, a new problem emerged on the surface in this new information environment: numerous concepts and terms are blurred by ambiguous definitions (including the concept of 'definition' itself). This triggered a need for mitigating hindrances such as homonymy and synonymy, leading further to demands on the decoding software complexity of which equals the artificial intelligence applications. Information technology presumably copes with this diversity by providing the information decoding 'tools'. This opens a never-ending opportunity for further permutations of tasks and service abilities. The solution, however, is to address the causes rather than indulge in multiplying the superficial remedies. Clearly, the multiplicity of definitions for the same concepts, false synonyms and so forth show that there is a need for introducing definitions of sufficient dimensionality. In this article, a number of examples of important concepts are presented first to point at the ambiguities associated with them, and then to propose their disambiguation. The minimum intent is to demonstrate how these key terms can be defined to avoid ambiguities such as pleonasm, homonymy, synonymy and circularity.
Effect of Hydrogenation Temperature on Distribution of Hydrogen Atoms in c-Si and a-Si: Molecular Dynamic Simulations
Authors: Pamungkas Mauludi Ariesto , Widiyatmoko Rendra
Published: August 2016

Crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon are main materials of solar cell. Under prolonged exposure to light, silicon will degrade in quality. Hydrogenation is believed can minimize this degradation by reduce the number of dangling bond. These Molecular dynamics simulations are aimed to elaborate the hydrogenation process of crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon and to elucidate effect of temperature on distribution of hydrogen atoms. Reactive Force Field is selected owing to its capability to describe forming and breaking of atomic bonds as well as charge transfer. Hydrogenation is performed at 300 K, 600 K, 900 K, and 1200 K. Hydrogenated silicon surface hinders further hydrogen atoms to be absorbed such that not all deposited Hydrogen atoms are absorbed by silicon surface. Generally, the higher hydrogenation temperature the more hydrogen atoms are absorbed. Increment of temperature from 900 K to 1200 K only enhances a few numbers of absorbed hydrogen atoms. However, it can enable hydrogen atoms to penetrate into deeper silicon substrate. It is also observed that hydrogen atoms can penetrate into amorphous silicon deeper than into crystalline silicon.
Design and Manufacturing of a Composite Drive Shaft
Authors: Tataroğlu Samet , Ok Erdem , Kaya Sibel , Şen Aykut , Doğan Vedat Z. , Mecitoğlu Zahit , Akay Erdem , Süsler Sedat , Türkmen Halit S.
Published: August 2016

In this study, a composite drive shaft for heavy commercial vehicles is designed and manufactured. The carbon/epoxy composite material is used for the shaft tube and the end joints are made of steel. The material properties of the carbon/epoxy composite are obtained by performing coupon tests. The shaft tube is modeled using ANSYS finite element software. The static, buckling and modal analysis are achieved to obtain the Tsai-Wu strength ratio, the critical buckling torque and free vibration frequencies, respectively. The shaft tube is manufactured by using filament winding method. The steel end connections are bonded to the shaft tube during the filament winding process.
The Study of Wood-Based Composites Based on Biodegradable Polymer
Authors: Safin Ruslan R. , Akhunova Lilia Vakifovna , Shaikhutdinova Aigul Ravilevna , Ziatdinov Radis Reshidovich
Published: August 2016

The article presents the wood composite materials based on biodegradable component of polyvinyl acetate with the filler in a form of wood flour of pine trees of two types: unmodified and thermally modified pine. The sorption properties of composite of both species, namely the ability of a material to absorb moisture depending on the quantity and nature of wood filler were studied. The strength characteristics of composite materials with non-modified and modified wood fillers were investigated and revealed. The research of the loss of relative weight of both types of composite materials while standing in soil was conducted.The expediency of preliminary heat treatment of wood filler on politely if necessary some increase in biostability of the composite is found.
Inequalities in health: the role of health insurance in Nigeria
Authors: Chukwudozie Amanda
Published: August 2016

Health financing is a core necessity for sustainable healthcare delivery. Access inequalities due to financial restrictions in low-middle income countries, and in Africa especially, significantly affect disease rates and health statistics in these regions. This paper focuses on the role of a national health insurance cover as a funding medium in Nigeria, highlighting the theoretical premise of health insurance, its driving forces, key benefits and key limitations particular to the country under scrutiny. Emphasis is laid on its overall effect on the pressing public health issue of health inequality.
Healthcare providers’ level of involvement in provision of smoking cessation interventions in public health facilities in Kenya
Authors: Gichuki Judy W. , Opiyo Rose , Mugyenyi Possy , Namusisi Kellen
Published: August 2016

Healthcare providers can play a major role in tobacco control by providing smoking cessation interventions to smoking patients. The objective of this study was to establish healthcare providers’ practices regarding smoking cessation interventions in selected health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among healthcare providers working in public health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 400 healthcare providers selected using a two-stage stratified sampling technique. Only 35% of the healthcare providers surveyed reported that they always asked patients about their smoking status. Less than half (44%) reported that they always advised smoking patients to quit. Respondents who had received training on smoking cessation interventions were 3.7 times more likely to have higher practice scores than those without training (OR=3.66; 95%CI: 1.63-8.26; P=0.003). Majority of the healthcare providers do not routinely provide smoking cessation interventions to their patients. Measures are needed to increase health worker’s involvement in provision of smoking cessation care in Kenya.
An assessment of private General Practitioners contracting for public health services delivery in O.R. Tambo District, South Africa
Authors: Hongoro Charles , Funani Itumeleng N. , Chitha Wezile , Godlimpi Lizo
Published: August 2016

Low- and middle-income countries are striving towards universal health coverage in a variety of ways. Achieving this goal requires the participation of both public and the private sector providers. The study sought to assess existing capacity for independent general practitioner contracting in primary care, the reasons for the low uptake of government national contract and the expectations of general practitioners of such contractual arrangements. This was a case study conducted in a rural district of South Africa. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Data were collected using a general practitioner and practice profiling tool, and a structured questionnaire. A total of 42 general practitioners were interviewed and their practices profiled. Contrary to observed low uptake of the national general practitioner contract, 90% of private doctors who had not yet subscribed to it were actually interested in it. Substantial evidence indicated that private doctors had the capacity to deliver quality care to public patients. However, low uptake of national contarct related mostly to lack of effective communication and consultation between them and national government which created mistrust and apprehension amongst local private doctors. Paradoxically, these general practitioners expressed satisfaction with other existing state contracts. An analysis of the national contract showed that there were likely to benefit more from it given the relatively higher payment rates and the guaranteed nature of this income. Proposed key requisites to enhanced uptake of the national contract related to the type of the contract, payment arrangements and flexibility of the work regime, and prospects for continuous training and clinical improvements. Low uptake of the national General Practitioner contract was due to variety of factors related to lack of understanding of contract details. Such misunderstandings between potential contracting parties created mistrust and apprehension, which are fundamental antitheses of any effective contractual arrangement. The idea of a one-size-fits-all contract was probably inappropriate.
Pseudocyesis vera in a health institution, North Western Nigeria
Authors: Bolakale Aremu Saad , Ibrahim Abdullahi , Amusa Abdulrasaq
Published: August 2016

Pseudocyesis was first reported in 19th Century and several others have been subsequently reported. The classes of the illness include Pseudocyesis vera, Delusional Pseudocyesis, Stimulated Pseudocyesis and Erroneous Pseudocyesis. This case report typifies Pseudocyesis vera called true pseudocyesis. It is said to be commoner in rural communities, where people don’t have access to maternity services and where found they were not being used. It is authors’ believe that such illness can be prevented with more enlightenment on advantages of use of available antenatal services.
Dental care risk management provided by Social Protection Institutions of Senegal
Authors: Lo Cheikh Mouhamadou Mbacké , Diop Mbathio , Kanouté Aida , Diouf Massamba , Cissé Daouda , Faye Daouda , Baldé Yandé
Published: August 2016

Nowadays in Senegal, located in West Africa, social protection institutions are confronted with a substantially increased healthcare expenditure in general, and oral care in particular. The ability of the leadership to use techniques to contain the impact of risks they are facing determine their viability. The aim of our study was to analyze the risk management of dental care coverage by those institutions. The study was descriptive, extensive and focused on all active social protection Institutions in Senegal since 2005, at least. Our results showed that, in spite of the implementation of risk management mechanisms such as patient co-payment (97% of institutions), coverage ceiling (26%) and dentist council (15%), healthcare expenditure still growing. For the containment of oral care expenditure increase, it is important to raise awareness among social protection institutions for a greater use of existing risk management mechanisms.
Effects of factor XIII deficiency on thromboelastography. Thrombelastography with calcium and lysis by addition of streptokinase is more sensitive than solubility tests
Authors: Martinuzzo Marta E
Published: August 2016

Background:Homozygous or double heterozygous factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is characterized by soft tissue hematomas, intracranial and delated spontaneous bleeding. Alterations of thromboelastographic (TEG) parameters in these patients have been reported. The aim of the study was to show results of TEG, TEG Lysis (Lys 60) induced by subthreshold concentrations of streptokinase (SK), and to compare them to the clot solubility studies results in samples of a1 year old girl with homozygous or double heterozygous FXIII deficiency.Materials and Methods:Case: A one year girl with history of bleeding from umbilical cord. During her first year of live several hematomas in soft upper limb tissue after punctures for vaccination and a gluteal hematoma appeared. One additional sample of a heterozygous and three of acquired FXIII deficiency were also evaluated.Materials and Methods: clotting tests, von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen and activity,  plasma FXIII-A (pFXIII-A) subunit were measured by an immunoturbidimetric assays in a foto-optical coagulometer. Solubility tests were performed with Ca2+-5 M urea and thrombin-2% acetic acid. Basal and post FXIII concentrate infusion samples were studied. TEG was performed with CaCl2 or CaCl2 + SK (3.2 U/mL) in a Thromboelastograph. Results: Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time, fibrinogen, factor VIIIc, vWF and platelet aggregation were normal. Antigenic pFXIII-A subunit was < 2%. TEG presented a normal reaction time (R), 8 min, prolonged k (14 and11min), low Maximum amplitude (MA), 39 and 52 mm,  and Clot Lysis (Lys60) slightly increased (23 and 30%) at diagnosis and post FXIII concentrate infusion (pFXIII-A= 37%), respectively. In Sample at diagnosis clot solubility was abnormal, 50 and 45 min with Ca-Urea and thrombin-acetic acid, respectively, but normal (>16 hours) 1 day post FXIII infusion. Analysis of FXIII deficient and normal plasma mixtures (< 2 -102% of pFXIII-A), showed that Ca-urea solubility was abnormal at pFXIII-A < 9%, thrombin-acetic acid at pFXIII-A<18%, but TEG MA and elasticity at 23% and Lys60 with SK at pFXIII-A< 40%.Conclusions: TEG parameters MA and elasticity, and Lys 60 in TEG with Ca2+ and in TEG Ca2+ and SK are more sensitive to low levels of pFXIII than solubility tests. The increased Lys60 induced by subthreshold concentration of SK could probably reflect the clot characteristics “in vivo” in many patients with pFXIII levels between 5-40% and could be potentially considered as screening test.
Study of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels in patients with neurological manifestations of dengue
Authors: Mehta VK , Verma R , Garg RK , Malhotra HS , Sharma PK , Jain A
Published: August 2016

Context:

Pro-inflammatory markers play a key role in the pathogenesis of various Flavivirus infection.

Aim:

In this study, we evaluated the role of these markers in neurological manifestations of dengue.

Settings and Designs:

Consecutive dengue cases with different neurological manifestations who presented between August 2012 and July 2014 were studied in hospital-based case–control study.

Materials and Methods:

Interleukin (IL-6) and IL-8 level were measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dengue cases with different neurological manifestations and also in age- and sex-matched controls. Level was analyzed with various parameters and outcomes.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0 by applying appropriate statistical methods. P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:

Out of the 40 enrolled cases of dengue with neurological manifestations, 29 had central nervous system and 11 had peripheral nervous system (CNS/PNS) manifestations. In CNS group, both IL-6 and IL-8 (CSF and serum) were significantly elevated (P < 0.001), whereas CSF IL-6 (P = 0.008), serum IL-6 (P = 0.001), and serum IL-8 (P = 0.005) were significantly elevated in PNS group. CSF IL-6, serum IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly elevated in poor outcome patients in CNS group (P < 0.05). CSF IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly elevated in CSF dengue positive cases as compared to CSF negative patients (P < 0.05). Cytokine level was not significantly correlated with neuroimaging abnormality in CNS group. Nine patients died and the remainder recovered.

Conclusion:

Elevated level of IL-6 and IL-8 is associated with different neurological manifestations and poor outcome, but whether they are contributing to neuropathogenesis or simply a correlate of severe disease remains to be determined.
Can angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors impact cognitive decline in early stages of Alzheimer's disease? An overview of research evidence in the elderly patient population
Authors: Rygiel K
Published: August 2016

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, in which an accumulation of toxic amyloid beta in the brain precedes the emergence of clinical symptoms. AD spectrum consists of presymptomatic, early symptomatic, and symptomatic phase of dementia. At present, no pharmacotherapy exists to modify or reverse a course of AD, and only symptomatic treatments are available. Many elderly patients, diagnosed with multiple medical conditions (such as cardiovascular diseases, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cerebrovascular diseases) are at increased risk of the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD, and vascular dementia. Studies have revealed reduced rates of cognitive decline, in elderly patients, who were treated with centrally active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) (that have an ability to cross the blood–brain barrier). This article reviews recently published literature, focused on possible protective influence of the centrally active ACE-Is, in the elderly population, at risk for cognitive decline.
Age, Neurological Status MRC Scale, and Postoperative Morbidity are Prognostic Factors in Patients with Glioblastoma Treated by Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Verlut Clotilde , Mouillet Guillaume , Magnin Eloi , Buffet-Miny Joëlle , Viennet Gabriel , Cattin Françoise , Billon-Grand Nora Clelia , Bonnet Emilie , Servagi-Vernat Stéphanie , Godard Joël , Billon-Grand Romain , Petit Antoine , Moulin Thierry , Cals Laurent , Pivot Xavier , Curtit Elsa
Published: August 2016

Introduction

Temozolomide and concomitant radiotherapy followed by temozolomide has been used as a standard therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiform since 2005. A search for prognostic factors was conducted in patients with glioblastoma routinely treated by this strategy in our institution.

Methods

This retrospective study included all patients with histologically proven glioblastoma diagnosed between June 1, 2005, and January 1, 2012, in the Franche-Comté region and treated by radiotherapy (daily fractions of 2 Gy for a total of 60 Gy) combined with temozolomide at a dose of 75 mg/m2 per day, followed by six cycles of maintenance temozolomide (150–200 mg/m2, five consecutive days per month). The primary aim was to identify prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) in this cohort of patients.

Results

One hundred three patients were included in this study. The median age was 64 years. The median OS was 13.7 months (95% confidence interval, 12.5–15.9 months). In multivariate analysis, age over 65 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.88; P = 0.01), Medical Research Council (MRC) scale 3–4 (HR = 1.62; P = 0.038), and occurrence of postoperative complications (HR = 2.15; P = 0.028) were associated with unfavorable OS.

Conclusions

This study identified three prognostic factors in patients with glioblastoma eligible to the standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment. Age over 65 years, MRC scale 3–4, and occurrence of postoperative complications were associated with unfavorable OS. A simple clinical evaluation including these three factors enables to estimate the patient prognosis. MRC neurological scale could be a useful, quick, and simple measure to assess neurological status in glioblastoma patients.
Moduli of Rank 2 Stable Bundles and Hecke Curves
Authors: Pal Sarbeswar
Published: August 2016

Let X be a smooth projective curve of arbitrary genus g > 3 over the complex numbers. In this short note we will show that the moduli space of rank 2 stable vector bundles with determinant isomorphic to Lx , where Lx denotes the line bundle corresponding to a point x ∊ X, is isomorphic to a certain variety of lines in the moduli space of S-equivalence classes of semistable bundles of rank 2 with trivial determinant.
The Use of Evidence-Based, Problem-Oriented Templates as a Clinical Decision Support in an Inpatient Electronic Health Record System
Authors: Radhakrishnan Nila , Warring Carrie , Jain Ankur , Fuentes Jorge , Dolganiuc Angela , Lourdes Laura , Busigin John , Leverence Robert , Mehta Raj
Published: August 2016

The integration of clinical decision support (CDS) in documentation practices remains limited due to obstacles in provider workflows and design restrictions in electronic health records (EHRs). The use of electronic problem-oriented templates (POTs) as a CDS has been previously discussed but not widely studied.

We evaluated the voluntary use of evidence-based POTs as a CDS on documentation practices.

This was a randomized cohort (before and after) study of Hospitalist Attendings in an Academic Medical Center using EPIC EHRs. Primary Outcome measurement was note quality, assessed by the 9-item Physician Documentation Quality Instrument (PDQI-9). Secondary Outcome measurement was physician efficiency, assessed by the total charting time per note.

Use of POTs increased the quality of note documentation [score 37.5 vs. 39.0, P = 0.0020]. The benefits of POTs scaled with use; the greatest improvement in note quality was found in notes using three or more POTs [score 40.2, P = 0.0262]. There was no significant difference in total charting time [30 minutes vs. 27 minutes, P = 0.42].

Use of evidence-based and problem-oriented templates is associated with improved note quality without significant change in total charting time. It can be used as an effective CDS during note documentation.

Citation: Mehta R, Radhakrishnan NS, Warring CD, Jain A, Fuentes J, Dolganiuc A, Lourdes LS, Busigin J, Leverence RR. The use of evidence-based, problemoriented templates as a clinical decision support in an inpatient electronic health record system.
Stand structural diversity rather than species diversity enhances
aboveground carbon storage in secondary subtropical forests in Eastern China
Authors: Ali Arshad , Yan En-Rong , Chen Han Y. H. , Chang Scott X. , Zhao Yan-Tao , Yang Xiao-Dong , Xu Ming-Shan
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Stand structural diversity, typically characterized by variances in tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height, plays a critical role in influencing aboveground carbon (C) storage. However, few studies have considered the multivariate relationships of aboveground C storage with stand age, stand structural diversity, and species diversity in natural forests. In this study, aboveground C storage, stand age, tree species, DBH and height diversity indices, were determined across 80 subtropical forest plots in Eastern China. We employed structural equation modelling (SEM) to test for the direct and indirect effects of stand structural diversity, species diversity, and stand age on aboveground C storage. The three final SEMs with different directions for the path between species diversity and stand structural diversity had a similar goodness of fit to the data. They accounted for 82 % of the variation in aboveground C storage, 55–59 % of the variation in stand structural diversity, and 0.1 to 9 % of the variation in species diversity. Stand age demonstrated strong positive total effects, including a positive direct effect (β =  0.41), and a positive indirect effect via stand structural diversity (β =  0.41) on aboveground C storage. Stand structural diversity had a positive direct effect on aboveground C storage (β =  0.56), whereas there was little total effect of species diversity as it had a negative direct association with, but had a positive indirect effect, via stand structural diversity, on aboveground C storage. The negligible total effect of species diversity on aboveground C storage in the forests under study may have been attributable to competitive exclusion with high aboveground biomass, or a historical logging preference for productive species. Our analyses suggested that stand structural diversity was a major determinant for variations in aboveground C storage in the secondary subtropical forests in Eastern China. Hence, maintaining tree DBH and height diversity through silvicultural operations might constitute an effective approach for enhancing aboveground C storage in these forests.
Autogenic versus allogenic controls on the evolution of a coupled fluvial megafan/mountainous catchment system: numerical modelling and comparison with the Lannemezan megafan system (Northern Pyrenees, France)
Authors: Mouchené Margaux , van der Beek Peter , Carretier Sébastien , Mouthereau Frédéric
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Alluvial megafans are sensitive recorders of landscape evolution, controlled by autogenic processes and allogenic forcing and influenced by the coupled dynamics of the fan with its mountainous catchment. The Lannemezan megafan in the northern Pyrenean foreland was abandoned by its mountainous feeder stream during the Quaternary and subsequently incised, leaving a flight of alluvial terraces along the stream network. We explore the relative roles of autogenic processes and external forcing in the building, abandonment and incision of a foreland megafan using numerical modelling and compare the results with the inferred evolution of the Lannemezan megafan. Autogenic processes are sufficient to explain the building of a megafan and the long-term entrenchment of its feeding river at time and space scales that match the Lannemezan setting. Climate, through temporal variations in precipitation rate, may have played a role in the episodic pattern of incision at a shorter time-scale. In contrast, base-level changes, tectonic activity in the mountain range or tilting of the foreland through flexural isostatic rebound appear unimportant.
Last Glacial Maximum precipitation pattern in the Alps inferred from glacier modelling
Authors: Becker Patrick , Seguinot Julien , Jouvet Guillaume , Funk Martin
Published: August 2016

Abstract. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), glaciers in the Alps reached a maximum extent, and broad sections of the foreland were covered by ice. In this study, we simulated the alpine ice cap using a glacier flow model to constrain the prevailing precipitation pattern with a geomorphological reconstruction of ice extent. For this purpose we forced the model using different temperature cooling and precipitation reduction factors. The use of the present-day precipitation pattern led to a systematic overestimation of the ice cover on the northern part of the Alps relative to the southern part. To reproduce the LGM ice cap, a more severe decrease in precipitation in the north than in the south was required. This result supports a southwesterly advection of atmospheric moisture to the Alps, sustained by a southward shift of the North Atlantic storm track during the LGM.
Energy calculation model of an outgoing conveyor with application of a transfer
chute with the damping plate
Authors: Molnár Vieroslav , Fedorko Gabriel , Husáková Nikoleta , Král' Jr. Ján , Ferdynus Mirosław
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The energy efficiency of transport systems consisting of several belt conveyors is significantly affected by re-direction. The proper sizing of several conveyor belts using deflector plates can significantly affect their efficiency. At present, there are no uniform rules (models) which specify the methodology and procedures for their design. This paper brings proposals of design of optimal parameters for energy-efficient operation of the transport system consisting of belt conveyors based on the new analytical simulation models. Recommendations for the practical application of transport systems at the transfer point have been designed according to optimization. The results are analysed in detail in three phases of shifting by means of a physical approach with the support of computing methods and simulation experiments with the transfer model. We can state that the direction and orientation of material impact have a direct influence on the conveyor's energy intensity. Thus, the inevitable condition for operation of arbitrary type of belt conveyor is to pay greater attention to the construction of the transfer model, particularly the intensity of the energy of the outgoing conveyor.
Geomorphic Threshold Estimation for Gully Erosion in the Lateritic Soil of
Birbhum, West Bengal, India
Authors: Ghosh Sandipan , Guchhait Sanat Kumar
Published: August 2016

Abstract. It is a growing concern that accelerated soil erosion which aggravated by the processes of water erosion (rainsplash, inter-rill, rill, gully erosion and soil piping) in the tropical region and soil loss through crop harvesting represent a seriously threat to soil resource and the ecosystem services that it prevails. The present study examines a quantitative approach to predict critical conditions and locations where gully heads might develop in the lateritic terrain, located at eastern plateau fringe of Rajmahal Basalt Traps, India (Birbhum, West Bengal). The modern concept of geomorphic threshold is applied here on the issue of gully erosion hazard (specially in Indian context) to identify the critical slope of gully head (S) and upstream drainage area (A) with a core relationship of S = a A−b. On the basis of 118 gully heads we have derived statistically significant relationships between slope and drainage area (r = −0.55), overland flow (Q) and slope length (L) (r = 0.69), relative shear stress (τ) and slope (r = 0.92), overland flow detachment rate (H) and eroding force of overland flow (F) (r = 0.98). The established S – A critical relationship, as geomorphic threshold line, is expressed as S = 17.419 A−0.2517, above which gully initiation occurs on the laterites. This equation can be used a predictive model to locate the vulnerable un-trenched slopes (i.e. potential gully erosion locations) in other lateritic areas of West Bengal. The constant b value (0.2517) and Montgomery – Dietrich Envelope suggest a relative dominance of overland flow (52.51 % of gully heads) in the processes of gully erosion. The result of revised MMF model reflects soil loss of 2.33 to 19.9 kg m−2 yr−1 due to overland flow erosion.
Work Related Rights of Foreign Migrant Workers in Viet Nam
Authors: Trinh Khanh Ly
Published: August 2016

Viet Nam today is deeper integrating into the global economy. In 2012/2013 the new Labour Code and amended Trade Union Law were promulgated and enacted. Numerous implementation Decrees and Circulars were introduced and enacted accordingly, which directly relate to the lives and work of the workers including foreign migrant workers. This article aims at examining and discussing the issues on foreign migrant workers in the contemporary Viet Nam. It is shown that despite positive changes in the new policies and laws the Vietnamese authority bodies have remain ineffectively responded to the issue of foreign labour in the context of significant economic growth.
The International Criminal Court: Promise and Politics
Authors: Mutua Makau
Published: August 2016

The International Criminal Court (ICC or Court) is an institution born of necessity after a long and arduous process of many false starts. The struggle to establish a permanent international criminal tribunal stretches back to Nuremberg. The dream, which was especially poignant for the international criminal law community, for a permanent international criminal tribunal was realized with the adoption in 1998 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The treaty entered into force in 2002. Those were heady days for advocates and scholars concerned with curtailing impunity. No one was more ecstatic about the realization of the ICC than civil society actors across the globe, and particularly in Africa, where impunity has been an endemic problem. Victims who had never received justice at home saw an opportunity for vindication abroad. This optimism in the ICC was partially driven by the successes, however mixed, of two prior ad hoc international criminal tribunals—the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia.
Ciberpublicidade: diferentes táticas de uma narrativa de marca
Authors: Tavares Vasconcelos Mariana Ayres , Gouveia Tânia Maria De Oliveira Almeida
Published: August 2016

A proposta deste trabalho é analisar dois filmes publicitários, um online veiculado no YouTube e outro off-line veiculado na TV, a partir do conceito de ciberpublicidade, observando os pontos de contato e diferenciação entre eles e de que forma constroem uma narrativa única de marca. Assim, procuramos entender os aspectos da ciberpublicidade, principalmente, a mudança do papel do receptor na construção do posicionamento de marca. Para isso, foram utilizados como estudo de caso dois filmes da Coca-Cola que integraram sua estratégia de comunicação da Copa do Mundo da FIFA 2014. Dessa forma, foi possível observar a ciberpublicidade como um conceito que amplifica os alcances e possibilidades da publicidade tradicional.
Insegurança e medo: exageros midiáticos?
Authors: Fort Mônica Cristine
Published: August 2016

O artigo aborda o medo provocado e amplificado pela mídia. Trata a relação sujeito-mídia involuntária e compulsória, por meio da qual cenários ficam ainda mais dramáticos em determinadas circunstâncias. Apresenta situações que podem levar ao temor exagerado quanto à preservação do corpo, da propriedade, da ordem social; um medo derivado, facilmente desacoplado de ameaças e perigos que os causam. Na perspectiva de ethos discursivo, discute notícias de veículos impressos e digitais que da seleção de pautas à elaboração de títulos provocam angústias e frustrações.
Successful treatment of Takayasu’s arteritis in a HIV positive adult patient with long term follow up
Authors: DeLuca Marie , Gruppuso Philip A. , Wing Edward J.
Published: August 2016

Although vasculitides occur in patients with HIV, only 4 previous cases of Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) have been reported in HIVpatients. We describe the first case of TA in an HIV positive patient with successful treatment and long term follow up. A38-year-old woman who was HIV positive for the last 5 years on antiretroviral medications presented with increasing pain in herleft arm. Blood pressure and pulse were unrecordable in that arm. Laboratory testing revealed hemoglobin 7.9 g/dl, CRP 98.8 mg/L, CD4 675 cells/μl and HIV viral load < 48 copies/ml. Both MRA and standard angiography demonstrated occlusion of theleft subclavian artery from its origin to the vertebral artery where it was reconstituted via retrograde flow from the left vertebralartery and left carotid artery branches (subclavian steal). Narrowing of the vertebral artery was also noted. Treatment withprednisone and methotrexate for one year improved her symptoms and stabilized her lesions without infectious complications. Follow up 4 years after stopping therapy revealed mild symptoms and stable lesions on MRA.
Collectief bedongen werkgelegenheidsgaranties
Authors: Zekic Nuna
Published: August 2016

Collectief bedongen werkgelegenheidsgaranties

In het kader van collectief overleg spreken werknemersorganisaties vaak met de werkgever af dat hij gedurende een bepaalde periode geen (collectief) ontslag zal initiëren. Deze afspraken worden meestal aangeduid als werkgelegenheidsgaranties. Dit zijn dikwijls belangrijke onderwerpen bij collectieve onderhandelingen, en onenigheid hierover vormt vaak de kern van een collectief conflict. Toch is er weinig bekend over dergelijke afspraken. Het eerste deel van dit artikel heeft als doel meer inzicht te verschaffen in de inhoud en de formulering van dit soort cao-bepalingen. Het tweede deel gaat in op de vraag hoe we moeten omgaan met een werkgelegenheidsgarantie in een ontslagprocedure.
Achterstallige pensioenpremies bij overgang van onderneming
Authors: Hoppers Frederique
Published: August 2016

Achterstallige pensioenpremies bij overgang van onderneming

Het Hof Arnhem-Leeuwarden heeft in september 2015 een arrest gewezen waarin de regels omtrent overgang van onderneming samenkomen met pensioenregels. Centraal stond de vraag of een pensioenuitvoerder een verkrijgende werkgever kan aanspreken tot betaling van achterstallige pensioenpremies. Het Hof heeft deze vraag op basis van specifieke merites bevestigend beantwoord. In de annotatie worden de overwegingen vanuit (pensioen)juridisch perspectief becommentarieerd en wordt tevens geanalyseerd wat de reikwijdte van dit arrest voor andere pensioensituaties is. Voorts wordt nagegaan of uit het arrest een algemene stelregel kan worden opgemaakt dat regels omtrent overgang van onderneming derdenwerking (kunnen) hebben.
Overgang van onderneming in de luchtvaartsector – with arms wide open?
Authors: Haanappel-van der Burg Iris
Published: August 2016

Overgang van onderneming in de luchtvaartsector – with arms wide open?

In de zaak Ferreira da Silva e Brito e.a./Estado português heeft het Hof van Justitie in het kader van overgang van onderneming expliciet de luchtvaartsector als kapitaalintensieve sector aangewezen. Hoe verhoudt het arrest zich tot het oordeel van het Gerechtshof Amsterdam over de overgang van de passagedivisie van Martinair naar KLM? Daarnaast heeft het Hof van Justitie voor het eerst direct de rechterlijke macht aangesproken wegens het niet voldoen aan de verwijzingsplicht, reden waarom het arrest een landmark judgement is genoemd. Ten slotte heeft het Hof van Justitie zich uitgelaten over staatsaansprakelijkheid voor onrechtmatige rechtspraak, waarbij het maar zeer de vraag is of de hoge Nederlandse aansprakelijkheidsdrempel de door het Hof van Justitie herhaalde toets kan doorstaan.
Avaliação da presença e extensão dos atributos de atenção primária em dois modelos coexistentes na rede básica de saúde do Município de São Paulo
Authors: Brunelli Bruno , Gusso Gustavo Diniz Ferreira , Santos Itamar Souza , Benseñor Isabela Judith Martins
Published: August 2016

Introdução: No Brasil, faltam avaliações que mensurem o desempenho direto da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Serviços desenvolvidos para a atenção à demanda espontânea de baixa complexidade como as Assistências Médicas Ambulatoriais (AMA), de São Paulo, são oferecidos como alternativa à Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), o serviço brasileiro oficial de APS, mas ainda não há estudos comparativos entre eles. Objetivo: Comparar a presença e extensão dos atributos de APS em dois representantes desses dois serviços da cidade de São Paulo: uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS), parte integrante da ESF, e uma AMA. Métodos: Este artigo trata de um estudo transversal utilizando o Primary Care Assessment Tool, versão validada em português (PCATool Brasil). Resultados: Foram aplicados 616 questionários, 76,3% demonstrou-se afiliado à UBS e 12,3% à AMA. Os frequentadores da UBS se demonstraram mais pobres. A UBS apresentou escores essencial e geral maiores (5,64 e 5,58 contra 3,70 e 3,38, respectivamente) e teve médias superiores em todos os atributos, exceto “acessibilidade” (2,46 contra 3,68). Apenas a UBS apresentou atributos com escores superiores a 6,6: “Acesso de Primeiro Contato - Utilização” (7,22) e “Coordenação - Sistemas de Informação” (7,31). Entretanto, a má avaliação dos outros atributos do PCATool na UBS foi preponderante para considerá-la um serviço de baixa orientação à APS, assim como a AMA. Conclusão: Os usuários identificam muito pouco os atributos de APS nos dois serviços, em um nível aquém do considerado satisfatório, mesmo que os escores da UBS sejam mais elevados do que os da AMA em 8 dos 10 atributos. Apesar de ser reconhecido como um bom local para realizar o primeiro contato com o sistema, a falta de acessibilidade prejudica a UBS como serviço de APS. A AMA, apresentada como a solução para o problema, não demonstra desempenho que a justifique como alternativa.
Diretrizes para autores - Normas de Submissão
Authors: RBMFC Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade
Published: August 2016

Objetivo e Política EditorialProcesso de avaliação pelos paresSeções e Tipos de TrabalhosApresentação e Preparo dos ManuscritosSubmissão EletrônicaDeclaração de Autoria e responsabilidade dos autoresExemplo de Declaração de Autoria e ResponsabilidadeÉtica em PesquisaAgradecimentosDúvidas e Esclarecimentos adicionais
Spectrofluorometric Determination of Putrescine: Optimization of the Putrescine–Orthophthaldehyde Complex Using Spectrofluorometry
Authors: Oyelakin Oladele , Traoré Moumouny , Mbye El Hadji Babacar , Khonté Abdourahmane , Cisse Lamine , Faye Abdoulaye N , Faye Ousman , Mbaye Moussa , Kital Khemesse , Gaye-Seye Mame Diabou , Coly Atanasse , Tine Alphonse , Delattre François
Published: August 2016

In alkaline medium, the complex formed between putrescine and orthophthalaldehyde was studied using spectrofluorescence. The derivative is kinetically stable 24 h after complexation. The stoichiometry of the complex is 1:1 at maximum fluorescence intensity, also 24 h after complexation.
Inactivation of Fungi in Treated Surface Water by Chloramination
Authors: Pereira Vanessa J. , Marques Marta , Marques Rosalina , Benoliel Maria J. , Barreto Crespo Maria T
Published: August 2016

This study evaluated the efficacy of chloramination to inactivate fungi isolates (Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus, Cladosporium tenuissimum, Penicillium citrinum, and Phoma glomerata) reported to occur in drinking water sources with different compositions. Inactivation rate constants were determined for laboratory‐grade water and real treated surface water samples, with higher rate constants than are often reported in laboratory‐grade water. The effects of conducting disinfection at different temperatures were also evaluated. Results showed that the Penicillium and Aspergillus species tested were more resistant to inactivation using chloramines than were the Cladosporium and Phoma species. Higher inactivation levels were observed at higher temperatures, especially for the Cladosporium and Phoma species tested. The degree of sensitivity of fungi to chloramination varied among the different genera. Water treatment plants applying chloramination can expect inactivation efficiency similar to free chlorine for most of the selected fungi isolates tested.
Tedizolid and Linezolid for Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections of the Lower Extremity versus Non–Lower-Extremity Infections
Authors: Joseph Warren S. , Culshaw Darren , Anuskiewicz Steven , De Anda Carisa , Prokocimer Philippe
Published: August 2016

Background:

Tedizolid phosphate, the prodrug of the oxazolidinone tedizolid, has been approved in a number of countries, including the United States, those in the European Union, and Canada, for treatment of patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI). Two phase 3 trials demonstrated the noninferior efficacy of tedizolid (200 mg once daily for 6 days) to linezolid (600 mg twice daily for 10 days) in patients with ABSSSI. Because of the challenges of treating lower-extremity ABSSSI, the efficacy and safety of tedizolid and linezolid for treating lower-extremity versus non–lower-extremity infections were compared.

Methods:

This was a post hoc analysis of pooled data from patients with lower-extremity infections enrolled in two phase 3 studies, ESTABLISH-1 (NCT01170221) and ESTABLISH-2 (NCT01421511), comparing tedizolid to linezolid in patients with ABSSSI.

Results:

Lower-extremity ABSSSI were present in 40.7% of tedizolid-treated and 42.2% of linezolid-treated patients. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was present in 34.7% of all patients with a baseline causative pathogen. Early clinical responses at 48 to 72 hours and investigator-assessed responses at the post-therapy evaluation were similar between tedizolid and linezolid, regardless of ABSSSI type. With both treatments, the early clinical response was slightly higher in patients with non–lower-extremity infection than in those with lower-extremity ABSSSI (tedizolid, 84.8% versus 77.0%; linezolid, 81.4% versus 76.6%, respectively); however, by the post-therapy evaluation visit, response rates were similar (tedizolid, 87.1% versus 86.3%; linezolid, 86.6% versus 87.2%, respectively). Gastrointestinal adverse events and low platelet counts were observed more frequently with linezolid treatment.

Conclusions:

Post-therapy evaluations showed that the clinical response of lower-extremity ABSSSI to tedizolid and linezolid was comparable to that of ABSSSI in other locations. A short 6-day course of once-daily tedizolid was as effective as a 10-day course of twice-daily linezolid in treating patients with lower-extremity ABSSSI.