bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-Vitro Evaluation of Amlodipine Tablets Available in Nepalese Market
Authors: Thapa Pabitra , Manandhar Nayan , Pandeya Shiva
Published: January 2020

Available with full text.
Pelatihan Kontrol Diri untuk Menurunkan Perilaku Agresif Siswa
Authors: Zahrani Zahrani , Ambarini Tri Kurniati
Published: January 2020

Agresivitas merupakan salah satu permasalahan serius yang rentan terjadi pada usia remaja sebagaimana yang dialami oleh siswa kelas VIII F SMPN Z Surabaya. Kegagalan melakukan kontrol diri dapat menjadi salah satu penyebab perilaku agresif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat efektivitas pelatihan kontrol diri untuk: (1) meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai kontrol diri dan agresivitas; dan (2) menurunkan perilaku agresif siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Tipe eksperimen yang dilakukan adalah one group pretest-posttest design. Pemilihan subjek dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Subjek yang terlibat yakni 33 orang siswa kelas VIII F SMPN Z Surabaya. Perilaku agresif diukur dengan skala agresivitas oleh Buss & Perry (1992) yang telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa indonesia. Skala agresivitas diberikan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan kepada masing-masing subjek. Subjek menjalani 10 sesi pelatihan yang dilaksanakan selama 2 hari. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan paired sample t-test. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada pemahaman subjek mengenai kontrol diri dan agresivitas sebelum dan sesudah penelitian, di mana rata-rata pemahaman subjek meningkat setelah pelatihan; (2) rata-rata perilaku agresif siswa menurun setelah pelatihan, namun angka penurunannya tidaklah signifikan. Secara keseluruhan, pelatihan kontrol diri efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa namun tidak efektif untuk menurunkan perilaku agresif. 

 
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan Perhitungan Kerugian Keuangan Negara Berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Ferra Ferra , Tanoto Stephanie , Lifia Maliny
Published: January 2020

Corruption is an extraordinary crime (extraordinary crime) that provides benefits for yourself by abusing the position of another party, where the act is not done alone and usually involves more than one person. Unlike the case with the crime of money laundering and bribery. This research is descriptive. Sources obtained are secondary legal material, the data is obtained from literature in the form of legal books, legal journals, and legal articles. Factors that encourage the occurrence of criminal acts of corruption usually originate from internal factors, namely the perpetrators themselves or external factors, namely from outside the perpetrators. To find out whether or not there is a criminal act of corruption, several financial calculation methods are made, namely the total loss method (the state financial loss method), the net loss method (the net loss method), the fair price method, and the cost price method. Law enforcement and the amount of recovery of state financial losses can be seen in the Corruption Act.
Analisis Yuridis terhadap Hak dan Kewajiban Karyawan Outsourcing Berdasarkan Undang-undang Ketenagakerjaan (PT. Garda Wibawa Sukses)
Authors: Filia Filia , Wijaya Rivaldo Putra
Published: January 2020

Outsourcing systems are in great demand by other companies because the services of outsourcing companies help other companies run their businesses. Law No. 13 of 2003 has helped many new companies or companies that have been established to make efficiency through the use of outsourcing company services to produce certain products or services. In this research, the company that we research is outsourcing company PT Garda Wibawa Sukses. Employees at this company are given legal protection, such as: economic protection, social protection, and technical protection and this company also provides legal protection for female employees. In addition, employees in this company also have rights and obligations attached to each of them. Rights owned by employees can be obtained in accordance with those owned by employees in general. In addition to having rights, employees must obey the obligations set by the company and have been agreed by both parties. This type of research uses the Normative Juridical method, namely by conducting an analysis of outsourcing companies regarding the rights and obligations obtained by outsourcing employees at PT Garda Wibawa Sukses in accordance with statutory regulations.
Why the New Public Management is Obsolete
Authors: Çolak Çagrÿ D.
Published: January 2020

In the 1980s and 1990s, the New Public Management (NPM) paradigm dominated the field of public administration. However, this paradigm, which integrates the principles of the private sector and business administration into the field of public administration, began to be criticised in the new millennium after a quarter century of domination. The criticisms soon turned into comprehensive challenges which emerged as the post-NPM trends. The aim of this paper is to explain what makes NPM obsolete within the framework of these criticisms. Five post-NPM trends and their starting points are examined: new public service (NPS), public value management (PVM), digital era governance (DEG), neo-Weberian state (NWS) and new public governance (NPG). The main method for the theoretical basis of the paper was to screen and evaluate secondary sources. As a result, the waves of criticism on NPM are seen to be transformed into pursuits for an alternative paradigm in the new millennium. These pursuits, common in many aspects and differing only in terms of their basic emphasis, are called post-NPM trends. They are based on the assumption that NPM is obsolete.
In Search of New Paradigms in the Mexican Public Administration
Authors: Plata Miguel Moreno
Published: January 2020

Rad analizira razvoj meksičke javne uprave u okviru dvaju novih polja: karijerne državne službe i antikorupcijske politike. Koristi se razlikovanje institucionalnih aranžmana zasnovanih na klasičnoj formuli o isključivim nadležnostima svake razine vlasti i onoj o konkurirajućim nadležnostima, svojstvenoj modernom federalizmu. Kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza institucionalnog okvira karijerne državne službe na razini federacije te na subnacionalnim razinama daje uvid u dominantnu praksu patronaže. Takva je situacija disfunkcionalna za strukturu, ciljeve i funkcionalnost Nacionalnog antikorupcijskog sustava. Na kraju se zaključuje da je u Meksiku potrebna nova institucionalna struktura karijerne državne službe zasnovana na formuli o podijeljenim nadležnostima, budući da izostanak ili krajnja slabost javne uprave može onemogućiti efikasno funkcioniranje novih institucionalnih aranžmana za borbu protiv korupcije.
Nadzor Suda Europske unije nad mjerama ograničavanja (sankcijama) nametnutih fizičkim i pravnim osobama
Authors: Novak Stjepan
Published: January 2020

Ovaj rad bavi se nadzorom Suda Europske unije nad primjenom mjera ograničavanja odnosno sankcija protiv pojedinih fizičkih odnosno pravnih osoba, i to kako nadzorom nad sankcijama Vijeća sigurnosti Ujedinjenih naroda koje su implementirane u pravni poredak Unije tako i nad autonomnim mjerama ograničavanja Unije. Taj se nadzor odnosi na zaštitu temeljnih prava osoba prema kojima se sankcije primjenjuju zbog povezanosti s terorizmom odnosno financiranjem terorizma, proliferacijom nuklearnog oružja odnosno provođenja nasilne represije nad civilnim stanovništvom. Proučavat će se, u pravilu, zaštita prava vlasništva s jedne i zaštita procesnih prava s druge strane. U radu će se analizirati sadržaj tog nadzora Suda EU-a, ali i posljedice toga nadzora u smislu konkretne zaštite navedenih prava.
Pengaruh Iklan Televisi Teh Botol Sosro Versi “Semeja Bersaudara” Dan Iklan Instagram Versi “Serunya Jalan Terus” Terhadap Citra Merek
Authors: Fitria Ningsih Nurul , Komalawati Euis , Rosma Angelika
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of Television Advertisement Version “Semeja Bersaudara” And Instagram Advertisement Version “Serunya Jalan Terus” On Teh Botol Sosro Brand Image. The study method used is quantitative methods. Data collection techniques used in the questionnaire form and literature. The population of this study from STIAMI Institute student. The sampling technique in this research is nonprobability sampling with the accidental sampling method. A sample of 100 samples has been obtained. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis using IBM Statistic version 22. The results showed that the Television Advertisement Version “Semeja Bersaudara” has an influence on Brand Image Teh Botol Sosro of 44,3%. Instagram Advertisement Version “Serunya Jalan Terus” has an influence on Brand Image Teh Botol Sosro of 40,1%. Television Advertisement Version “Semeja Bersaudara” and Instagram Advertisement Version “Serunya Jalan Terus” significantly influence on Teh Botol Sosro Brand Image. Television Advertisement Version “Semeja Bersaudara” and Instagram Advertisement Version “Serunya Jalan Terus” affect the variants of Teh Botol Sosro Brand Image simultaneously with value 0f 0,471 or 47,1% and there are 52,9% other unexplained factors not included in this study.
Proses Rebranding MGo Shuttle Menjadi Lintas Shuttle
Authors: Ramadhan M. Fauzi , Setianti Yanti , Kadarisman Ade
Published: January 2020

MGo Shuttle management decided to rebrand, they changed the overall MGo brand identity. One of them is by changing the name, namely Lintas Shuttle. The company's decision to conduct a rebranding began with the bankruptcy of the parent company, namely PT. Citra Maharlika Nusantara Corpora. finally the son of this holding company, PT. Citra Maharlika Lintas Wahana (CMLW) "Lintas Shuttle" decided to leave and from its parent company. The purpose of this study was to find out why companies rebranded, the process of developing new brands, the new brand management process, the process of evaluating rebranding activities. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the reason for the company rebranding because of the crisis that occurred in the parent company of PT. Citra Maharlika Lintas Wahana and finally decided to break away. The reason for rebranding was also due to misunderstandings regarding the perceptions of employees, and PT. Citra Maharlika Lintas Wahana requires legality after leaving the parent company. Furthermore, the process of developing a new brand is done by changing the company's identity, changes are made to be able to be thought and felt by the customer that the brand that was different from the current one. In the process of managing a new brand PT. Citra Maharlika Lintas Wahana performs management stages by planning (planning) before the activity, in addition to the strategy of delivering messages and promotions in the form of outdoor media, online, sms blast, email blast, and employees. Furthermore, the process of evaluating rebranding activities is carried out by monitoring and controlling activities, this is intended so that when the process takes place, it turns out that there is something that is not appropriate or that there is an addition from the supervisor, it can be directly conveyed.
Multimedia Approaches to Learning the Foundations of Library and Information Science
Authors: Guzik Elysia , Griffin Brian , Hartel Jenna
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a case study of two types of multimedia resources that were integrated as supplementary learning materials into the design and delivery of two different graduate courses on the historical foundations of library and information science (LIS): video and audio lectures from an online course on the history of information (integrated into a doctoral seminar), and a curated playlist of a weekly public radio broadcast on the history of ideas (integrated into a master’s course). It also considers some of the limitations of compiling LIS-related audiovisual materials from disparate online sources, with references to examples. By analyzing and critiquing these three applications of multimedia resources in LIS graduate courses, this paper attempts to answer the following research question: Beyond traditional pedagogical strategies such as lectures and text-based readings and assignments, how might students, practitioners, and the general public gain a sweeping understanding of our field? The paper aims to help LIS educators to diversify their pedagogical strategies and reach people outside their classrooms. By incorporating these kinds of multimedia resources into course designs, educators may help to empower students to actively and creatively apply what they learn in class to the analysis of historical events, biographies, and social movements, develop technical skills that will benefit their professional development, and produce deliverables that can be shared on public platforms to reach a wider audience beyond LIS classrooms.
Impact of Simulated Patients on Physiotherapy Students’ Skill Performance in Cardiorespiratory Practice Classes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Walker Craig A. , Roberts Fiona E.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To date, no evidence exists that high-fidelity simulation improves skill development among physiotherapy students in the university setting. With pressures to reduce costs and maintain or improve the quality of the learning experience, and with pressures on clinical placement, it is essential to investigate methods that might improve students’ skill performance before they undertake clinical practice. Our study set out to investigate (1) the impact of using simulated patients (SPs) in a practical class on physiotherapy students’ skill acquisition and (2) the students’ reflections on the intervention. Method: We devised a pilot study using a single-centre randomized controlled trial. A total of 28 undergraduate physiotherapy students, matched using previous practical examination grades, undertook a 2-hour practical class in which they practised their core cardiorespiratory skills. Pre-session resources were identical. The control group practised on peers; the intervention group practised on SPs. The students’ skill performance was assessed 2 weeks later using the Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (MiniCEX), including gathering qualitative data from the students’ reflections. Twenty-eight students undertook the practical class and subsequent MiniCEX assessment. Results: A statistically significant difference was found for all aspects of the MiniCEX except medical interview ( p = 0.07) and physical interview ( p = 0.69), and a large effect size was found for all areas except physical interview (0.154) and medical interview (0.378). The students’ reflections focused on three key themes: behaviours and attitudes, teaching the active cycle of breathing technique, and feedback. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that interacting with SPs improves student skill performance, but further research using a larger sample size and an outcome measure validated for this population is required to confirm this.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Stroke Rehabilitation: Benefits and Clinical Utility Perceived by Physiotherapists and Individuals with Stroke
Authors: Sharpe Allison , Boyes Valerie , Lee Calvin , Murtha Christopher , Mah Justin , Yoshida Karen , Marzolini Susan , Inness Elizabeth L.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the perceived benefits and clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) from the perspectives of physiotherapists and patients and to explore the factors that influence adopting CPET in a stroke rehabilitation setting. Method: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Physiotherapists ( n = 6) participated in a focus group to discuss the use of CPET in practice. Patients ( n = 8) who had completed CPET during stroke rehabilitation participated in a semi-structured interview to explore their experiences. Thematic analysis was performed. Results: CPET increased the physiotherapists’ confidence in prescribing exercise, especially for medically complex patients. Ongoing medical management early post-stroke was a barrier to referral. Physiotherapists expressed decreased confidence in interpreting test results. Consultation with local experts facilitated the use of CPET. Patients described how CPET increased their confidence to participate in exercise. They desired more information before and after CPET to better understand the purpose and results and their relation to their rehabilitation goals. Conclusions: Both physiotherapists and patients described the benefit of having CPET available to support them as they participated in exercise in a stroke rehabilitation setting. Physiotherapists would benefit from having educational tools to support their interpretation and application of test results, and patients would benefit from improved communication and education to support their understanding of the relevance of CPET to their rehabilitation goals. Future research should explore these findings in other stroke rehabilitation settings.
Olfactory Perception Modus Comparison Features in V. Pelevin’s Work
Authors: Ivanova Polina Sergeevna
Published: January 2020

The article deals with olfactory perception modus comparisons in postmodern literature (on the example of literary text by V. Pelevin: «Omon Ra», «Life of Insects», «Chapaev and Emptiness», «Generation «П», «Numbers» (as a part of «DTP»), «The Sacred Book of the Werewolf», «Empire V », «S.N.U.F.F.»). The aim of the study is to consider the olfactory perception modus comparison features in V. Pelevin's literary texts. During the study the following research methods were applied: theoretical, statistical, distributional analysis, descriptive, the method of continuous sampling. The special feature of postmodernism – the equalization of opposites – has been analyzed. The following peculiarities of olfactory perception modus comparisons in postmodernism – intertextuality, use of various types of comic means, re-thinking, rhizomatics, rejection of hierarchies – have been revealed and analyzed. The names of researchers considering these features of postmodernism are listed below: I.S. Golovanova, E.I. Dashevskaya, T.G. Prokhorova, I.S. Skoropanova. The article identifies features of rhizomatics that are expressed in fragmentation and uncertainty of comparisons. Results. The features of postmodernism manifestation in olfactory comparisons of V. Pelevin's literary texts are given. The rejection of hierarchy feature is represented by the frequency use of axiologically unmarked comparisons, rather than axiologically positively and negatively marked comparisons. The use of different types of comic means is represented by derision, ironization and impersonation of phenomena that are created by introducing comparisons into the text. Intertextuality consists of remembering the smell by a character. The feature of re-thinking the comparison of the olfactory perception modus is represented by a qualitative change in the consciousness of reality facts perception.
Factors That Cause Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Arinin Anatoly Nikolaevich
Published: January 2020

This article is devoted to a theoretical analysis of the factors that cause aggressive behavior in adolescents. The relevance of the problem is out of question, since faced with the manifestations of aggression, teachers and psychologists experience difficulties in solving it, so there is an urgent need to identify the factors of aggressive behavior development in adolescents to find the best ways of its psychological and pedagogical correction. The purpose of the article is to consider the factors of aggressive behavior development in adolescents. During the study the following methods were applied: theoretical and analysis of home and abroad psychologists on the aggressive behavior in adolescents. In science, many points of view have been put forward about the causes of aggression, its nature and factors of development. However, with all the abundance of researches in modern Western and domestic psychology, there is a lack of elaboration of many aspects of the human aggression. There is no consensus on the definition of aggression and its cause, none of the theories can be perfect and accurate. The development of aggressive behavior in adolescents is a complex process that is multifactorial. Aggressive behavior of adolescents is formed due to the influence of family, peers, educational institutions, the media. It can be concluded that aggression as a phenomenon is actively manifested and present in the adolescent environment, both in a group and in individuals. And nowadays the scientific task is not only to study the factors of aggression and aggression itself as a phenomenon, but it also should be aimed at the shift of adolescents’ aggression to positive psycho-emotional activity to achieve personal positive results useful for society.
Methods of Increasing Motivation and Quality of Potential Primary School Teachers’ Mathematical Education
Authors: Kanbekova Rimma Valeevna , Izhbulatova Elvira Albertovna , Salimova Liliya Khazinurovna
Published: January 2020

The article describes the implementation of project tasks in the study of rational and irrational numbers, presents the results of a questionnaire survey of students, potential primary school teachers, while studying the numerical line in a course on mathematics. The purpose of the article is to consider the effect of supplementing a material of a numerical line with original content on motivation when teaching mathematics to students of non-mathematical profiles. Methods. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the indifferent or negative attitude of students to the study of the rational and irrational numbers theory. Using theoretical and experimental methods, the hypothesis on the formation of positive motivation among students through the solution of project tasks, the compilation and implementation of which gives them a sense of independence, freedom of choice, success, is tested. Conclusions presented in the article are based on the results of the study. Due to the implementation of project tasks, students in the study of the discipline «Mathematics» felt the usefulness of the knowledge gained and showed high marks on exams. It is concluded that the teaching of the numerical line in the course on mathematics at the university using the techniques mentioned below in the article allowed to increase the level of positive motivation among students.
Application of Game Learning Situations in Development of Communication Skills in Preschoolers with Visual Impairment
Authors: Norina Irina Vitalevna , Sultanbaeva Klavdiya Ivanovna
Published: January 2020

The article presents a study of application of game learning situations in the development of communication skills in preschoolers with visual impairment. The technique of applying game learning situations in work with preschoolers is outlined in the article. The purpose of the article is to consider the influence of game learning situations on over-fives in the educational process. Methods. The study was conducted from December 2018 to May 2019 on the basis of MBPEI «Kindergarten of combined type «Zhuravlik» of city Abakan. The following methods were applied: observation, conversation with teachers, the method «Study of communicative skills» (author-compiler is V. Bogomolov), pedagogical experiment with the inclusion of game learning situations. Result. The comparative characteristic of results of ascertain and control research stages of communicative skills development level in over-fives is presented. During the work with children and observation of their behavior in various activities, it was noticed that many children use positive behavior scenarios, have become more respectful to each other and adults, the frequency of conflicts in the group has become noticeably less. Children have become more sociable, get in touch with others easier, use various techniques to get out of conflict situations. It is concluded that application of learning situations for the communication skills development in over-fives with visual impairments led to positive results.
Influence of Family Upbringing and Status of Adolescents in The Group of Their Coevals on Their Aggressiveness
Authors: Arinin Anatoly Nikolaevich
Published: January 2020

The study is aimed at studying the impact of family upbringing and the status of adolescents in the group of their coevals on their aggressiveness. Methods. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the development of aggression in adolescents is significantly influenced by such factors as the status of the teenager in his coeval group and the type of family upbringing. The empirical part of the study included three stages: preparatory, diagnostic, analysis and interpretation of the data. These stages of the study are aimed at determining the level of adolescents’ aggression, identifying violations in family upbringing and determining the status of adolescents in the coeval group. The results of the study. As a result, 82.1% (23 parents) experienced violations in family upbringing, destructive and mixed types of family interaction can be observed. Children of these parents are characterized by high and medium levels of aggressiveness. Also, the highest level of aggressiveness is observed in adolescents with sociometric statuses as «Stars», «Rejected» and «Disowned». The analysis of the correlation analysis results showed a high correlation between the manifestation of aggression in adolescents and such types of violations in family upbringing as excessive sanctions, underdevelopment of parental feelings and bringing conflict into the sphere of upbringing. Also, the analysis of the results showed the presence of a high relationship between the manifestation of aggression in adolescents and such status groups as «Stars» and «Preferred». Discussion. As a result, the assumption that there is a relationship between the type of family upbringing, sociometric status in the group of their coevals and aggression of adolescents was confirmed. It can be said that the style of family upbringing of adolescents and sociometric status in a group of coevals creates a number of prerequisites for the manifestation, development and consolidation of aggressiveness as a personality trait.
Development of a Practicum on Microfluidics for a «Smart Materials» Module in English
Authors: Bezrukov Artem Nikolaevich
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of development and testing of experimental practicums for foreign students based on modern techniques. It is of special importance for programs in chemical engineering and material’s science as respective practicums provide students with opportunities to learn more about cutting-edge interdisciplinary methods used for development and investigation of modern materials properties. The purpose of the article is to develop an interdisciplinary experimental practicum on microfluids for a Master’s degree program «Smart Materials» in English. Methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU). The development of the experimental practicum was carried out on the basis of the KNRTU international partners’ experience: the University of Regensburg (Germany) and Carnegie Mellon University (USA) through a comparative analysis of master's programs at KNRTU and international partners, as well as teaching materials of relevant educational programs. It is concluded that microfluidic systems such as «lab-on–a–chip» devices are a promising technology for the implementation of various chemical and chemical-technological processes for the end user or group of users as well as an actual experimental environment for students studying natural sciences. The practicum was tested on Bachelor’s and Master’s students. The practicum was analyzed for its potential to be implemented as a component of short-term academic programs such as summer schools. The practicum aroused greater interest among students compared to traditional laboratory work due to the possibility of self-design and manufacture of microfluidic devices and control of the process of obtaining nanoparticles using a computer.
Social Success of the Teenager as a Psychology and Pedagogical Phenomenon
Authors: Novak Mariya Andreevna
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to clarifying the content of the concept «social success of a teenager». The purpose of the study is to consider the social success of a teenager as a pedagogical phenomenon. During the study, the following methods were applied: theoretical analysis of scientific literature, generalization, synthesis, interpretation, summary. The content of the concepts «achievement» and «success» is analyzed. The structure of the teenager’s social success is revealed: axiological component (values of multiplying socially significant activity in behavior success strategies); epistemological component (a range of social and informational knowledge for successful self-realization in society); praxeological component (production of an adequately normative implementation of the uniqueness of ideas and achievements). The names of researchers considering the essence and content of the definition are given: V.K. Buinova, O.A. Vostrikova, E.V. Deeva, A. Zbutsky, L.N. Kazimirskaya, L.V. Kalinina, L.G. Pak. The psychological and pedagogical aspects of teenagers’ social success formation are revealed: the socializing aspect reveals a better development of social norms and traditions through the prism of success; the gnostic and integration aspect emphasizes the resulting integration of teenagers’ knowledge about society and man obtained from formal, informal and non-formal education; resource and psychological aspect allows you to reveal the personal energy of the mental experience of success and direct to the development of personality; socio-pedagogical aspect reinforces the presence of personalized support for teenagers in the prevention of their victimization in high-risk society; prognostic and acmeological aspect consists in designing trajectories of reaching the top of abilities implementation at each age stage; appraising and productive aspect highlights the effective functioning in society. As a result, the social success of the teenagers is considered as a personal quality, integrating systematic knowledge of the norms of society, an emotional-value attitude to success, focusing on productive social interaction, including new components (axiological, epistemological, praxeological) in the structure of teenagers’ social success in the information and virtual era as a pedagogical phenomenon.
Therapeutic target for external beam x-irradiation in experimental spinal cord injury
Authors: Zeman Richard J. , Wen Xialing , Moorthy Chitti R. , Etlinger Joseph D.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

X-irradiation has been shown to be beneficial to recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI); however, the optimal therapeutic target has not been defined. Experiments were designed to determine the optimal target volume within the injured spinal cord for improving functional recovery and sparing tissue with stereotactic x-irradiation.

METHODS

SCI was produced in rats at the T10 level. A 20-Gy dose of radiation was delivered with a single, 4-mm-diameter, circular radiation beam centered either on the injury epicenter or 4 or 8 mm caudal or rostral to the injury epicenter. Locomotor function was determined for 6 weeks with the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor scale and tissue sparing by histological analysis of transverse sections along the spinal cords.

RESULTS

X-irradiation of spinal cord segments at 4 mm, but not 8 mm, caudal or rostral to the contusion epicenter resulted in increases in locomotor recovery. Consistently, significant tissue sparing also occurred with x-irradiation centered at those sites, although irradiation centered 4 mm rostral to the epicenter led to tissue sparing along the greatest length of the spinal cord. Interestingly, regression analysis of these variables demonstrated that the quantitative relationship between the amount of tissue spared and the improvement in locomotion recovery was greatest in a region several millimeters rostral to the injury epicenter.

CONCLUSIONS

These results indicate that x-irradiation in a region rostral to the injury epicenter is optimal for recovery from SCI. This minimal target should be attractive for therapeutic application since it allows a greatly reduced target volume so that uninjured tissue is not needlessly irradiated.
Jezične značajke temporala Drugoga beramskoga (ljubljanskoga) brevijara s gledišta povijesne dijalektologije
Authors: Vranić Silvana
Published: January 2020

U ovom su radu istaknute značajke temporala Drugoga beramskoga (ljubljanskoga) brevijara (BrBer2) koje se razlikuju od hrvatskih crkvenoslavenskih značajki, a koje bi se mogle pripisati vernakularu. Dosadašnji pokušaji utvrđivanja vernakularnih elemenata na prvih 50 listova s aspekta dijakronijske dijalektologije pokazuju da taj dio temporala BrBer2 pripada sjevernomu tipu liturgijskih tekstova. Razlog je takvomu zaključku u prvom redu brojnost žd-refleksa jotacije dentala d
(d) iako je na dijelu 38ra-50ra ipak rjeđe zastupljen, što pridonosi pretpostavci da je potonji dio pisala druga ruka. Premda su prvih 30 (odnosno prvih 20, pa 21 – 30) listova, kao što je odredio M. Žagar na temelju osnovnoga dojma pisma (prema slovnim proporcijama, smještaju u retku), pisala dva pisara – prema udjelu su vernakularnih značajki i stranice od 30cd do 37cd bez bitnih različitosti, što govori ili o pripadnosti pisara istoj pisarskoj školi ili o zajedničkomu materinskom govoru. Vodeći računa o (ne)pouzdanosti starih tekstova kao dijalektoloških predložaka, jednakom se je metodologijom – dijakronijske
ili povijesne dijalektologije – pokušalo u ovom radu utvrditi ima li u ostalim dijelovima temporala (104vd–122vd, 165ra–194vd i 237ra–240vd), koje je prema spomenutomu kriteriju izdvojio M. Žagar, vernakularnih elemenata. Takve su jezične činjenice uspoređene s rezultatima istraživanja beramskoga govora provedenog za potrebe ovoga rada s ciljem
da se odgovori na pitanje jesu li temporal BrBer2 i pisali pisari kojima je materinski idiom bio beramskoga tipa ili su pišući unosili elemente beramske skupine govora. Dvije su među njima temeljne: odraz jata (;) u gramatičkim morfemima i odraz stražnjega nazala ǫsъ (õ). Uvećani je broj tzv. ekavizama u prvim dvama za ovaj članak analiziranim
dijelovima zasigurno posljedica tendencije da se ekavski odraz jata ()
piše slobodnije, odnosno percepcije jata () kao vokala e-tipa (DAMJANOVIĆ 2011: 284–285), ali moguće i utjecaja beramskoga govornoga tipa, to više što se ekavske zamjene mogu naći i u gramatičkim morfemima. Ikavizmi u leksičkim morfemima, uz zamjenicu če (e), govore pak u prilog predlošku s krčkoga vrbničkoga područja. Kada je riječ o odrazu stražnjega nazala ǫsъ (õ), može se pretpostaviti da je primarni refleks u beramskomu govoru bio o (o) (danas dosljedan u gramatičkim morfemima, paralelan s u (u) u leksičkim, u koje inovacije brže prodiru), a da je u ovom temporalu u (u) bilježen prema normi hrvatskoga
crkvenoslavenskoga jezika. U tom bi se smjeru i rijetke zamjene s o (o)
– to više što je već i na nekoliko takvih primjera u sanktoralu BrBer2 upozorio M. Mihaljević (2011: 131) – mogle promatrati i kao utjecaj organskoga idioma.
Kebijakan Kurikulum dan Dinamika Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter di Indonesia
Authors: Ariandy Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Artikel ini intens menyoroti hal-hal yang melatarbelakangi kebijakan kurikulum pendidikan, khususnya pendidikan karakter dalam bingkai Program ‘penguatan pendidikan karakter’ (PPK). Hal tersebut tentunya tidak lepas dari inovasi kebijakan kurikulum yang dikawinkan dengan gagasan-gagasan pemerintah, yang dibalut dalam sebuah gerakan dengan label “revolusi mental” yang terintegrasi dalam sebuah kurikulum nasional yang sedang berjalan. Persoalan yang akhirnya menjadi pokok perhatian dalam artikel ini, yakni bagaimana aktor-aktor tertentu memanfaatkan konstruksi pengetahuan tentang dinamika perubahan kurikulum dan urgensitas pendidikan karakter dalam pendidikan nasional. Proses di mana pengetahuan tentang kurikulum nasional dan skema penyelesaian huru-hara implementasi kebijakan kurikulum dikonstruksi, menggambarkan bagaimana aktor-aktor menjalankan kekuasaan. Teori governmentality Michel Foucault secara efektif menunjukkan wacana yang hanya menjadi medium mengantarkan kekuasaan. Kekuasaan justru akan semakin efektif jika berhasil menggerakkan serta mengarahkan individu-individu untuk bertingkah laku secara sukarela. Keadaan sebisa mungkin dibuat normal-normal saja, dengan begitu, akan tercipta masyarakat yang berdisiplin, taat regulasi, dan membatasi diri pada aturan-aturan yang telah diciptakan. Kekuasaan bukan lagi sekadar mengontrol, ia bahkan didukung oleh individu-individu yang merasa menjadi bagian darinya, sehingga masing-masing dari mereka mengambil sikap “etis” terhadap persoalan-persoalan atau wacana-wacana yang dihadapi.
La asociatividad y el emprendimiento
Authors: García Ibarra Verónica Janneth , Solarte Solarte Martha Lidia
Published: January 2020

Las nuevas tendencias en la política económica de los países buscan la inclusión de nuevas formas de organización económica donde se incluya a los pequeños productores en la economía formal, por tal razón se genera el modelo Económico Popular y Solidario (EPS) con el objetivo de generar reciprocidad, redistribución, administración doméstica e intercambio, a través de la asociatividad, cooperativismo y sobre todo el emprendimiento. En consecuencia, la asociatividad asume un rol importante como alternativa de gestión de los recursos productivos que encamina sus esfuerzos en mejorar la calidad de vida de los asociados, sin embargo, existen limitantes que impiden que las asociaciones mantengan un crecimiento sostenido. La investigación dirigida al sector asociativo de la EPS en zona de frontera Ecuador – Colombia que enmarca  aspectos demográficos, socioeconómicos, sostenibilidad, gestión de recursos financieros, cultura, sistema de valores, objetivos, salud física, ingresos económicos y relaciones sociales; ha arrojado resultados que evidencian la falta de apoyo a este sector y la necesidad de fortalecer la gestión interna de las asociaciones con la finalidad de generar sostenibilidad y mejorar los ingresos, en el presente artículo se presenta los resultados de los diagnósticos realizados en Carchi- Ecuador como parte del proyecto Desarrollo Fronterizo Ecuador – Colombia, período de análisis 2017 – 2019.
La cultura tributaria en el sector artesanal y su efecto en el cumplimiento de obligaciones
Authors: Santillán Narváez María Dolores , Jaramillo Cruz Verónica Gisella , Torres Farinango Jimena Elizabeth , Fernández Badillo María Eugenia , Ormaza Morejón Maricela Fernanda
Published: January 2020

La cultura tributaria es la interrelación existente entre el conocimiento de los tributos, la importancia de su cumplimiento y la necesidad de valorar principios éticos que propendan el buen vivir en comunidad; todos éstos traducidos en una conducta que implica manifiesta responsabilidad ciudadana para el mejoramiento de la atención social que el Estado debe brindar a la colectividad. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en  identificar los elementos que inciden en  la cultura tributaria del sector artesanal tomando como referencia la parroquia la Esperanza ubicada en la provincia de Imbabura y su efecto en el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias, además de un análisis documental de casos similares a nivel nacional y regional; para ello se ha utilizado investigación de tipo documental, descriptiva y exploratoria recopilando información escrita y trabajos de investigación  relacionados con la temática de los últimos siete años, sobre la cual se realizó un análisis y comparación de resultados que permita determinar patrones o conductas  en el ámbito tributario similares y significativas que denotan presencia de cultura tributaria y consecuente  cumplimiento de  obligaciones fiscales. Las obligaciones de orden tributario que aplican al sector artesanal son mucho menores comparadas con los potenciales beneficios que puede percibir el sujeto pasivo llamado artesano calificado, el bajo involucramiento de los contribuyentes desencadena en informalidad en la realización de sus actividades, evasión de impuestos, niveles de recaudación por debajo de lo estimado, sanciones económicas por incumplimiento y en general pérdidas para el Fisco
Logística urbana y su desarrollo hasta la actualidad
Authors: Beltrán Del Hierro Daniel , Mora Chúquer Edwin Jonathan , Benavides Alexis
Published: January 2020

En este documento se presenta la revisión literaria desde el surgimiento de la logística urbana hasta su desarrollo y evolución conceptual, que van de la mano con la optimización de todos los procesos que implican la movilización de mercancía en un entorno local. Las políticas públicas a las que deben regirse y los sistemas de evaluación implementados para medir la eficiencia con la que realizan el reabastecimiento local en ciudades que cuentan con una alta densidad poblacional y una demanda elevada de mercancías necesarias para subsistir, son de vital importancia para la búsqueda de soluciones con el propósito de reducir los “cuellos de botella” generados durante la distribución urbana de mercancías y agilizar este proceso, desde su origen que se remonta a los años ochenta, época en la cual la urbanización de las ciudades provoca una revolución en la manera de realizar las operaciones comerciales dentro de las ciudades. Lo que caracteriza a esta época es la deficiencia en infraestructura, es decir, las vías no son de calidad para que los productos lleguen atender todos los sectores de una ciudad, pero a partir del desarrollo de las ciudades también se acelera, debido a la ampliación del parque automotor, la cantidad de vehículos que aparecen en las ciudades genera la necesidad de ampliar las vías, además las urbanizaciones necesitan conectarse entre sí mediante caminos, lo cual requiere de una especie de zonificación para optimizar el proceso de entregas de productos dentro de las ciudades. La generación de nuevos caminos también requiere que las empresas planifiquen sus rutas de entrega que agilicen y optimicen sus costos y procesos. En la actualidad las ciudades más desarrolladas se puede notar una infraestructura de calidad que consta de zonas específicas para carga y descarga, rutas establecidas, horarios de atención, y un sin número de métodos que han surgido y se han implementado con el paso del tiempo.
Diagnóstico situacional económico de la actividad comercial Tulcán – Carchi, periodo 2018
Authors: López Cadena Julio Iván , Vallejo Ayala José Luis , Mera Rodríguez Willington Gerardo , Vela Cepeda Luis Arturo
Published: January 2020

El desempeño de la economía de la  frontera Tulcán-Ipiales  depende especialmente de factores externos determinantes que conducen el bienestar de sus habitantes,  se puede señalar entre los más importantes que afectan a la economía  constituye   la fluctuación del tipo de cambio, la devaluación de la moneda del gobierno colombiano;  y  de factores internos como falta de innovación y creatividad de los comerciantes, conformismo, migración entre otros; y de   la dependencia de las políticas de gobierno central con la finalidad de reactivar la economía que para el presente estudio ha sido relativamente mínima. Producto de la crisis que se generó a raíz de fines del 2014 y durante el 2015 en donde empezó a incrementarse significativamente el tipo de cambio, los comerciantes fueron sorprendidos    con sus bajas de ventas, y consecuentemente tener problema con las deudas contratadas con las instituciones financieras local, e inclusive en algunos casos entraron en el proceso de cierre de los negocios. Finalmente, se plantean las estrategias que se formulan para mejorar la economía de la localidad, van por el sentido de reactivación de los sectores turísticos, agroindustriales, y de servicios. Actividades económicas que para su desarrollo es necesaria la intervención del gobierno central y de las autoridades locales.
La mecanización agrícola y su impacto en el desarrollo agropecuario del Ecuador
Authors: Intriago Mendoza Fernando Rodolfo
Published: January 2020

El Ecuador, al igual que muchos países que se encuentran en el subdesarrollo, debe buscar alternativas que contribuyan a generar riquezas, lo cual favorece al progreso y desarrollo del país. Dentro de las alternativas, se ve en la agricultura un factor preponderante para poder alcanzar esta meta. Nuestro país es privilegiado por las diferentes zonas climáticas que posee, lo cual hace posible que se puedan cultivar y producir una gran variedad de productos agropecuarios. La tecnología ha avanzado de manera agigantada a nivel mundial en muchas áreas, dentro de las cuales se incluye también a la agronomía; En el Ecuador la agricultura se ha desarrollado desde hace mucho tiempo, pero este avance no se ha podido evidenciar de la manera en la que se debería. Es importante indicar las grandes ventajas que podemos obtener al utilizar dichas tecnologías en las diferentes etapas de producción, ya sea en plantas o en animales, las mismas que favorecen en gran medida al fortalecimiento de la matriz productiva y del tan anhelado sueño de desarrollo nacional.
El transporte multimodal y su incidencia en la legislación ecuatoriana
Authors: Piloso Verónica Alexandra
Published: January 2020

El marco jurídico del transporte multimodal configura a intervinientes en este acto jurídico mercantil denominado contrato de transporte multimodal. A pesar de la utilidad comercial que representa esta actividad no cuenta con una normativa de carácter uniforme que permita responder a los diversos planteamientos legales que surgen por la celebración del contrato de transporte multimodal. En este sentido los elementos contractuales van evolucionando de acuerdo a la normativa con la que se norme el transporte multimodal, planteando soluciones indirectas a muchos casos específicos que se originan de la comercialización de mercancías y que no pueden ser resueltos de manera eficiente. Existen organismos internacionales que han realizado aportes, entre estos MERCOSUR, la Comunidad Andina de Naciones, al desarrollar instrumentos normativos que regulan la trasportación e incluyen sanciones por incumplimientos; de la misma manera las Naciones Unidas, pero aún resultan insuficientes. Los estudios realizados evidencian que existe una normativa de carácter internacional muy escasa a la hora de resolver conflictos producto de esta actividad. En consecuencia con lo expresado, Ecuador, solo consta el Código orgánico de producción comercio e inversión y su Reglamento de la Facilitación aduanera donde establece el transporte multimodal como una operación aduanera y en lo correspondiente al régimen nacional en transporte multimodal, por la necesidad de transportación, ha ido creciendo por lo que se precisa realizar un estudio profundo con respecto a la normativa nacional e internacional del transporte multimodal para plantear soluciones que permitan el crecimiento de la actividad, lo que constituye el aporte de este trabajo.