bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization and pathogenicity of fungi associated with anthracnose of chilli (capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Rony Md Abu Raihan , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar Md Abul
Published: April 2024

A total of nine fungal species were isolated from the anthracnose infected  chilli fruits. The fungi associated with infected chilli fruits were Alternaria alternata  (Fr.) Keissler, A. tenuissima (Kunze ex Pers.), Aspergillus flavus Link, A. niger van Tieghhm, Colletotrichum dematium (Pers.) ex Fr., C. gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., Curvularia clavata Wakker, Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Rav. and Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vull. Among the isolated fungi, Colletotrichum dematium (49.03), C. gloeosporoides (18.06) and Fusarium semitectum (20.12) showed the higher per cent frequency. Out of nine fungal species, Colletotrichum dematium, C. gloeosporioides and Fusarium semitectum were found to be pathogenic to chilli fruits.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(1): 49-55, 2024 (March)
Genetic variability and character association among maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred lines
Authors: Antony BJ , Kachapur RM , Naidu GK , Talekar SC , Zerka M , Harlapur SI
Published: April 2024

Genetic analysis of variability, heritability and character association was studied among 25 maize inbred lines for eleven traits. The ANOVA indicated significant variation existed among the inbred lines chosen for the study for all the traits. Wide range of variability was observed for all the traits among them grain yield varied from 16.03 to 62.52 q/ha with an average mean value of 45.75 q/ha. Phenotypic variance was higher compared to genotypic variance and highest phenotypic variance was observed for plant height followed by grain yield. However, the difference between phenotypic and genotypic variance was very narrow for majority of the traits. Similarly, phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was marginally higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and highest GCV and PCV was recorded for grain yield (37.03, 38.12) followed by ear height (24.12, 26.48) indicating that these characters are under genetic control have high potential for selection. The high amount of broad-sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percent mean (GAM) was observed for grain yield (0.94 and 74.12) followed by number of kernels per row (0.90 and 32.88) indicating phenotypic based selection for these traits would be successful. Hundred grain weight had the highest genotypic correlation (0.834) with grain yield followed by number of kernels per row (0.623).
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(1): 57-65, 2024 (March)
Anticandidal activity and chemicals of commiphora Gileadensis (l.) C. Chr. (burseraceae) growning in south Western region of saudi arabia
Authors: Al-Qarni Maha , Alrumman Sulaiman , Moustafa Mahmoud
Published: April 2024

Anticandidal activities of stem extracts of C. gileadensis growing in various locations and chemicals had been evaluated. Methanol extract of fresh and dry solvent extracts in Tathleeth A region had the highest activity (2.2 ± 0.3cm) and (1.7 ± 0.2cm), respectively. Cyclohexanone of fresh stem extract and diethyl ether of dry extract showed inhibition activities (2.1 ± 0.1cm) of Tathleeth B. The highest activity gained from fresh hot water extract (1.4 ± 0.1 cm) and from dry extract of dichloromethane (1.7 ± 0.0 cm) in Tabala C. The maximum inhibiting activity obtained from hot water extract (1.8 ± 0.4 cm) and from chloroform of dry extract (2.0 ± 0.0cm) in Tabala D. GC-MS analysis showed that the dominant compound in Thathleeth A and Thathleeth B is Bisethylamine, Tabala C are 5-Methyl-2(5H)-furanone and palmatic acid and Tabala D is Amitrole. HPLC showed that Tabala D had the highest amount from B1 and folic acid. Thus, plant's biochemical parameters are profoundly influenced by their locations.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(1): 1-8, 2024 (March)
Morphometric evaluation of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Culex quiquefasciatus (Say, 1823) (Diptera: Nematocera: Culicidae) of different metamorphosis stages
Authors: Hasna Kazi Ashrufa , Noor E Jannat Khandaker , Begum Murshida
Published: April 2024

Morphometric comparison of Aedes. aegypti and Culex. quiquefasciatus larval instars and pupae were done through the measurements of total body length, length of head, thorax and abdomen as well as length and width of different external body parameters.   From linear regression of the data from different larval instars showed that the important morphological features were the size of the head, thorax and abdomen of the Ae. Aegypti and Cx. Quinquefasciatus.  They increased significantly with the advanced metamorphosis stages (p≤0.05). Size of the external larval organs viz. antennae, comb spine, siphon, anal papilla were also significantly (p≤0.05) increased during stages of metamorphosis.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 329-343, 2023
Resilience Building after Violent Attack on Buddhist Community: The Case of Ramu in Cox’s Bazar District of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Touhidul , Durrat Fahima , Meem Mahabuba Islam , Hasan Md Raqibul
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the analysis of communal violence in Bangladesh, focusing on the 2012 violent attack on the Buddhist community in Ramu, Cox’s Bazar. It examines the extent to which the attack affected the social cohesion of the local Muslim and Buddhist communities and evaluates the efficacy of post-violence responses for strengthening social cohesion and building resilience. We applied a mixed-method approach by using descriptive statistics from a survey of 300 local people and qualitative data from Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant Interviews. Based on an analytical framework of communal violence and resilience-building, this paper argues that communal violence is an ideologically motivated phenomenon that endangers inter-community relations, which cannot be fully recouped as various inadequacies undermine post-violence initiatives. The violent attack on the Buddhist community in Ramu was, in this vein, instigated by rumour and misinformation, igniting communal sentiment using a questionable Facebook post/tagging, intentionally used to mobilise locals and outsiders. Besides immediate consequences such as the destruction of property and the desecration of ancient religious places, it damaged inter-community relations by creating trauma, mistrust, and fear, which ruptured social interaction. The authorities could not prevent the attack due to their inability to understand the gravity of the issue. The immediate recovery support was quick and sufficient. However, it remained limited to reinstating the structures destroyed by the attack. Steps undertaken by different authorities for resilience-building were restricted. Therefore, grassroots people remain unattached in social cohesion building and coexist in subtle discomfort, if not anxiety.
Social Science Review, Vol. 40(2), December 2023 Page: 143-170
Modern methods of diagnosing periodontal tissue diseases in the concept of a systemic approach to treatment. (Literature review. Part 1)
Authors:   National Medical University named after O.O. Bogomoletsa, Kyiv, Ukraine, Symonenko R.
Published: April 2024

Резюме. Захворювання тканин пародонту залишаються однією з найбільш актуальних проблем, що вивчаються в стома- тології. Однак до цього часу клінічна діагностика пародонтопатій має свої обмеження і часто не дозволяє лікарям-кліні- цистам визначити причину, механізми розвитку хвороби та зробити прогнози перебігу захворювання. Сучасна концепція системного підходу до лікування дистрофічно-запальних захворювань пародонту потребує інформативних та швидких ме- тодів діагностики зрозумілих для лікарів всіх стоматологічних спеціальностей. Тому, пошук ефективних підходів та нових методів діагностики захворювань тканин пародонту є дуже актуальним питанням. Порушення балансу в мікробіомі ротової порожнини вважається провідним чинником, що впливає на виникнення та прогресування цього захворювання. Тому іден- тифікація складу біоплівок ротової порожнини та розуміння складних взаємозв’язків, у яких беруть участь мікроорганізми, фактори довкілля та стан здоров’я людини, дозволять покращити діагностику, цілеспрямовану терапію пацієнтів з паро- донтитом та прогнозування перебігу захворювання. В огляді описані переваги і недоліки наступних методів: культивування пародонтопатогенів, полімеразна ланцюгова реакція (ПЛР), ізотермічна петльова ампліфікація (LAMP), секвенування гена 16S рРНК, секвенування нового покоління (NGS), ДНК-мікрочипи технологія з використанням методу гібридизації у до- слідженні пародонтопатогенів. Сучасні методи молекулярної діагностики все частіше використовують для ідентифікації пародонтопатогенів, що дозво- лить успішно досліджувати мікробіом порожнини рота, швидко виявляти пародонтопатогени, присутні в діагностичному біоматеріалі навіть у невеликих кількостях, а також ідентифікувати клінічно значущі види мікроорганізмів, що не культиву- ються або важко культивуються в бактеріологічних лабораторіях та виявляють стійкість до антибіотиків у них. Оптимальним буде комбінація різних методів діагностики пародонтопатогенів для кожного конкретного випадку, що дозволить підбира- ти найбільш ефективні способи лікування. Однак одного моніторингу мікробіоми порожнини рота недостатньо для ефек- тивного прогнозування перебігу та планування реабілітації пацієнтів з захворюванням тканин пародонту. Необхідність по- шуку комбінації молекулярно-генетичних методів діагностики захворювань тканин пародонту є очевидним. Ключові слова: пародонтит, мікробіом ротової порожнини, пародонтопатогени, молекулярна діагностика, ПЛР, секвену- вання, ДНК-мікрочипи.
Characteristics of the microbiological profile and dental biofilm in the aspect of age, its influence on the dental and periodontal status of the patient
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Kryvanych V. , Kuligina V. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Yurzhenko A. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Dzhupa Peter ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
Published: April 2024

Summary. The oral cavity is a complex ecological system in which external factors (biological, individual, social) are closely interconnected with internal factors (tissues of the periodontal complex, dentin metabolites, microbial biofilm, local immune protection, epithelium of the oral cavity) and are in dynamic balance. The aim of the study. To investigate the level and trends of the development of scientific knowledge about oral biofilm and its management, leaving. Materials and methods. 24 еnglish-language and 37 domestic literary sources were processed. Conclusions. A detailed analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature convinces of the need for a thorough study of oral biofilms, as this will illuminate a complete picture of the etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. Having carefully studied biofilms and the mechanisms of their occurrence, we can carry out targeted treatment measures, while destroying the complex links of vital activity and interrelationships of microorganisms.The composition of dental plaque also changes at different anatomical loci in connection with the formed physical and biological properties of each site. A deeper understanding of the significance of dental plaque as a mixed biofilm may have a significant impact on clinical practice. Dental plaque cannot be completely eliminated, but the pathogenic nature of the biofilm can be reduced by reducing the bioburden and maintaining normal microflora with appropriate hygienic methods and oral care products. Key words: dentistry, periodontitis, age, periodontium, microorganisms, biofilm, periodontopathogens
Dynamics of the development of objective index methods for assessing the hygiene condition of removable dentures (literature review)
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine, Kurylo V. , Korol D. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
Published: April 2024

Resume. A study was conducted on the use of index methods for assessing the hygiene of removable orthopedic dental structures. The work is based on the study and comprehensive analysis of educational and methodological and scientific literature, as well as patent practice, dedicated to the problem of index assessment of the hygiene of removable dental orthopedic dental structures. The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of the development of objective methods for assessing the hygienic condition of removable dental orthopedic structures. Patent information search was conducted in the digital databases of the platforms «Scopus», «Pub Med», and the Scientific Electronic Library of Periodicals of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in order to achieve the goal. The research presents an analytical review of the literature. The search and main selection of materials of original literary sources was carried out using key words. Processed, including 50 identified and analyzed sources. Among them can be distinguished 30 domestic and 20 foreign sources. The search depth is 61 years. 15 methods of index assessment of the hygiene of removable orthopedic dental structures are presented in chronological order. Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and described. As a result of the analysis of special literature, a corresponding conclusion was formulated based on the results of the research. Objective index assessment of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity and removable dental prostheses is relevant. In order to prevent pathological processes that occur after the application of removable orthopedic structures to the supporting tissues of the prosthetic bed and their subsequent use by the patient, a quick and convenient, objective and accurate assessment of the hygienic state of the oral cavity in general and removable orthopedic structures in particular is important in the dynamics of clinical observations using different indexes. This study is a fragment of the NDR of the Department of Propedeutics of Orthopedic Stomatology of the Poltava State Medical University «Ways of practical implementation of digital technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of secondary adentia», state registration number 0121U113861. Key words: hygiene index, denture hygiene index, oral hygiene, denture hygiene, complete removable denture, partial removable denture.
Optimalisasi APE sebagai Sarana Edukasi Siswa PAUD melalui Pemberdayaan Industri Warga Ciganitri
Authors: Rachmawati Rizka , Hanom Imtihan , Sujana Naura
Published: April 2024

Alat Permainan Edukatif atau biasa disingkat dengan sebutan APE menjadi media yang erat digunakan sebagai kebutuhan bermain serta belajar oleh tim pengajar dan juga siswa. Namun, saat ini APE mulai perlahan tergantikan dengan gadget yang berdampak buruk pada perkembangan anak. Sehingga dibutuhkan inovasi teknologi tepat guna untuk merancang APE yang sesuai dengan tujuan stimulasi sensori dan motorik anak usia dini agar otak dan fisik mereka terus berkembang secara aktif. Mengingat daerah sekitar Bojongsoang terdapat banyak industri rumah tangga yang bergerak di bidang furnitur, maka tim berencana memanfaatkan industri tersebut dan mempertimbangkan aspek ergonomi, material, finishing yang aman untuk anak. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan metode pengumpulan bahan dan literatur terkait APE khusus siswa PAUD. Berikutnya dilakukan eksplorasi bentuk dan fungsi ruang hingga perancangan elemen APE hingga melibatkan industri warga desa sekitar Ciganitri. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah APE yang sesuai dengan standar penunjang aktivitas bermain anak usia dini.
Filantropía comunitaria en México: Narrativas emergentes de lo común, el territorio y la memoria
Authors: Cruz Hernandez Sergio
Published: April 2024

In the relationships between foundations and communities, resources of different types are mobilized and those who receive them are seen in an asymmetrical position; this study seeks to identify and interpret the narrative elements that characterize the perceptions about philanthropic practices among communities in Mexico; as well as to characterize the narrative elements that question the hegemonic definitions of philanthropy. Based on three workshops, with the participation of 70 people from 19 Mexican states, we analyzed knowledge and perceptions regarding the definition of community philanthropy, the recognition of differentiated contributions between men and women, and the recognition of the types of resources and how they are mobilized. The people participating in the workshops do not identify with a generalized definition of Community Philanthropy, but rather different philanthropic practices were made visible related to the work carried out in the private and public spheres, the processes of memory recovery and attachment to the territory. It is concluded that the visibility of the resources contributed by the communities, mainly the intangible ones, promotes symmetrical relationships; as well as recognizing that external donations enhance the processes that are already taking place within the communities.
Eficiencia de la inversión pública en educación en el Perú, 2016-2022: Un análisis comparativo por regiones
Authors: Quispe Lino Carmen Nievez , Rojas Apaza Raúl , Blanco Espezua María del Pilar
Published: April 2024

The study analyzes the level of technical efficiency of public investment in Education at the primary and secondary level in Peru, 2016 to 2022. Data envelopment analysis – DEA was used and for the association between the provision of resources and educational quality. the panel data fixed effects model. The results indicate that there are relative differences in efficiency between the regions, registering an average score of 49% for the primary level and 38% for the secondary level, with the most efficient being Moquegua, Tacna, Arequipa and Ica, and the least efficient being Loreto, Huánuco, Ucayali, and San Martín. From the input-output association, classroom size, infrastructure in good condition and public investment have a direct relationship, while students per teacher and per computer, the relationship is inverse with respect to educational achievement in communication and mathematics at the primary and secondary level. This suggests that inefficient regions should increase educational attainment at the primary and secondary levels by an average of 51% and 62%, respectively, while maintaining the same level of spending. Therefore, to improve their efficiency within the framework of public policies, they can adopt the management implemented by regions such as Moquegua and Tacna.
Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Evaluation of Resin-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC) According to ZnO Content
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Choi Ye-ji , Lee Mi-Ra , Kang Min-Kyung , Bae Sung-Suk , Jun Soo-Kyung
Published: April 2024

Objectives: By mixing ZnO by concentration, the optimal concentration ratio of RMGIC with various concentration ratios is studied, mechanical properties of RMGIC are improved, and antibacterial evaluation is performed. Methods: RMGIC was used. After calculating the generated ZnO by weight and adding 0%, 1%, 2%, and 4%, specimens for various mechanical and antibacterial evaluations were produced. Results: As the mixing amount of ZnO increased, the curing time increased, and Vickers hardness and compressive strength increased in LC@ZnO 2%. In addition, as the mixing amount of ZnO increased, the number of colonies decreased. Conclusions: These results suggest that ZnO mixing of RMGIC increases and antimicrobial effects increase.
The Effect of Self-Esteem and Sociality of Dental Hygiene Students on Dental Hygiene Professionalism
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Kim Ju-Eon , Kim Young-Im
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study analyzed the influence of self-esteem and sociality on the professionalism of dental hygiene students. Methods: Two hundred students in the third and fourth years of the dental hygiene department were analyzed using SPSS WIN 22.0. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between dental hygiene students’ self-esteem and sociality and their professionalism in the dental hygiene department. In addition, social self-esteem, academic self-esteem, and sociality were found to have a statistically significant effect as factors influencing dental hygiene professionalism. Conclusions: In the future, establishing an efficient strategy to improve the dental hygiene profession is suggested by implementing education programs that can increase the self-esteem and sociality of dental hygiene students to increase their competence as professional dental hygienists after graduation
Impact on the Career Decision Level of Dental Hygiene Students in the COVID-19 Situation
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Doe Yue-Jeong , Min Hee-Hong
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between professor-student interaction, career self-efficacy, and career decision level of dental hygiene students in the COVID-19 situation and to determine the impact on career decision level. Methods: The participants in the study were distributed to students at the Department of Dental Hygiene in Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do. People with clinical practice experience filled out a self-administered questionnaire, and the final analysis subjects were 181 people. Results: In the COVID-19 situation, factors affecting the career decision level of dental hygiene students were major satisfaction, professor-student interaction, and career decision self-efficacy. Conclusions: In the COVID-19 situation, the most influential factor on the career decision level of dental hygiene students was career decision self-efficacy. Therefore, in order to improve the career decision level of dental hygiene students, it was found that it was necessary to develop and apply a customized career guidance program for students in addition to strengthening career decision self-efficacy.
The Effect of Dental Hygiene Students Preparing for National Examination in Test Anxiety
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Choi Mi-Hyun , Ahn Kwon-Suk , Min Hee-Hong
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that affect dental hygiene students' test anxiety, and to use these factors as basic data for developing a program that can reduce test anxiety through factors that can have a positive effect on students. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 190 dental hygiene students with clinical practice experience for the period from July 1 to August 30, 2022. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 program. Results: Factors influencing the test anxiety of the study subjects were confidence, self-regulating efficacy, assignment difficulty preference, social support, and predictive power was 25.0%. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to systematically support and manage students' psychological health and social support in order to overcome test anxiety among dental hygiene students taking the national examination for registered dental hygienists.
Pengaruh Status Kesehatan Rumah Terhadap Kejadian Tuberkulosis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sawangan
Authors: Efendi Rusman , Maduri Cindi , Febrianti Thresya , Tri Handari Siti Riptifah
Published: April 2024

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that is a major cause of ill health and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This study aims to analyze the effect of home health on the incidence of tuberculosis in the working area of the Sawangan Health Center, Depok. The design used is case control, to determine the effect of home health on the incidence of tuberculosis. The population in this study were the people in the working area of the Sawangan Public Health Center, Depok. The sample size was 60 respondents, consisting of 30 samples of tuberculosis sufferers and 30 samples as controls. Data were collected by observation, then the results of the study were analyzed using the chi-square test with univariate and bivariate analysis. The significance level uses ? 0.05. The results of the study found a significant effect of the ventilation area, lighting, and humidity of the house on the incidence of tuberculosis. There is no significant effect of the type of floor and the density of the house on the incidence of tuberculosis. The health condition of the house in general influences the incidence of tuberculosis, so that local health workers need to educate the public about creating housing conditions that meet health requirements.
Analisis Kelengkapan Kuantitatif Berkas Resume Medis di Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut Dr. Ramelan Surabaya
Authors: Susanti Ari , Amalin Atika Mima , Khoir Hanna Miftachul , Rosida Fifin Alfiatur , Chudayfi Ahmad , Adi Dominikus Sukma
Published: April 2024

A complete medical record form is an indicator of good medical record management and directly affects service quality. Analysis of the completeness of medical record files at Dr. Ramelan Surabaya found that the completeness of the medical resume had not reached 100%, only 90% completeness. The purpose of this study was to analyze the completeness of medical resume files at Dr. Ramelan Surabaya with descriptive method. Data collection used the cross sectional method in September 2022 as many as 21 medical resume forms. The results showed that the identification review obtained 100% complete in filling out medical resumes. Completion of medical resumes on critical report reviews is at least 19% on treatment while being treated. Authentication review is only 76% for filling in the patient's full name. Review the documentation that is correct, the blank part is 19%. The conclusion of this study is the highest incompleteness in the treatment while being treated by 81% in the review of important reports, so filling out the medical record file at RSPAL Dr. Ramelan is said to be still incomplete.
Uji Validasi Rancangan Aplikasi Kelengkapan Resume Medis di Klinik Almeta Medika
Authors: Yunita Nirma , Persadha Galih , Husin Husin
Published: April 2024

The quality of medical records becomes more valuable if the information written is complete, especially on the medical resume. Complete medical resume writing at Almeta Medika Clinic Banjarmasin has not been carried out, this causes patient information to be incomplete. So a complete medical resume application was designed. This research aims to validate the complete medical resume application at the Almeta Medika Clinic, Banjarmasin. This research method is descriptive qualitative, collecting data using questionnaires and checklists. The subjects in this research were medical records officers, Almeta Medika Banjarmasin clinic managers, IT expert respondents and materials experts. The results of this research were that by testing it was found that the design of the ERD, DFD and application for complete medical resumes at the Almeta Medika Banjarmasin Clinic contained a login, dashboard, 4 components of quantitative analysis and the results of quantitative analysis reports/summaries. ERD and DFD were created using Microsoft Visio and the medical resume application was created using Microsoft Access after identifying user needs and identifying data requirements. The complete medical resume application at Almeta Medika Clinic Banjarmasin has been designed according to the clinic's needs. Validation with medical records officers, Almeta Medika Banjarmasin clinic manager, IT expert respondents and material experts found the appropriate category. Validation testing of the medical resume completeness application at Almeta Medika Clinic Banjarmasin is designed according to the clinic's needs and is feasible to implement.
Development of Medical and Health Science Collection to Support Scientific Integration at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Authors: Lolytasari Lolytasari , Hayati Nurul , Fathonah Imas
Published: April 2024

Integrating knowledge is familiar to the State Islamic University, which has a Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. One of the problems that arise is the library's role as an institution that manages knowledge and can meet the information needs of the academic community in the form of collections in various media, namely printed and online. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the collection development provided by the library. So the purpose of this research is to analyze how far the library collections of the Faculty of Medical Sciences and the Library of Health Sciences have developed in supporting scientific integration efforts at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative. This study found that library managers carried out collection development by considering the courses and study programs in the faculties of health and medicine. The library focuses on gathering resources and materials relevant to the fields of health and medicine and paying attention to related aspects of Islamic ethics and culture. So the more relevant the collections provided by the library, the higher the quality of knowledge and information library users need.
Effect of Vibration Conditions on the Seed Suction Performance of an Air-Suction Precision Seeder for Small Seeds
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Wenhang , Luo Xiwen , Zang Ying , Ma Ligang , Zhang Wenpeng , Liu Jiahao , Zeng Shan
Published: April 2024

The air-suction precision seeder for small seeds is a planting machine, characterized by precision, high efficiency, and ease of operation, that uses air suction technology to sow small grain seeds at set intervals and depths into the soil. However, the forced vibration, enhanced by the increase in the operating speed, affects the seeding accuracy of the seeder and limits the seeding efficiency. To study the influence of vibration conditions on the seed suction performance of the air-suction precision seeder, we developed a computational fluid dynamics–discrete element coupling method to construct a bidirectional fluid–solid coupling numerical simulation model of the seed suction process under vibration conditions. Within the range of operating speeds from 0.6 km/h to 8 km/h, we quantitatively studied the population movement under different vibration frequencies, vibration amplitudes, negative pressure values, and seeding disc speeds and verified the simulation model and its analysis results through bench tests. The numerical results show that the interaction between the vibration frequency, vibration amplitude, and negative pressure value has the most significant impact on the single-seed rate. In addition, via variance analysis and response surface analysis, the optimal range of negative pressure values for achieving high single-seed rates under different vibration frequencies (4~10 Hz), vibration amplitudes (3~7.5 mm), and seeding disc speeds (4~50 rpm) was determined. The results indicate that, rather than the higher the negative pressure value, the higher the seed suction rate, the optimal negative pressure value for achieving a high seed suction rate varies with the specific vibration frequencies and amplitudes.
Achievements and Challenges in Controlling Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) in Hawaii
Authors: Aristizábal Luis F.
Published: April 2024

In this case study, the current situation faced by coffee growers attempting to control coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) in Hawaii is reported. CLR is considered the most devastating disease affecting coffee crops worldwide and was detected in Hawaii in 2020. Three small coffee farms from the South Kona district of Hawaii Island were selected. The goals of this case study were to: (1) assist coffee growers in the early detection of CLR incidence, and consequently support farmers with recommendations for control, (2) record agronomic information and management practices, and (3) estimate the cost to control CLR during 2021 and 2022 seasons. Low CLR incidence (<4%) was initially observed at all farms (January–June 2021), but increased as the harvest began, ending the season (December 2021) at 77%, 21% and 6% incidence at farms 1, 2 and 3, respectively. At the end of 2022 season (December), CLR incidence reached 43%, 20% and 3% at farms 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The number of sprays per season (5–10), the type of fungicides applied (preventive, curative), the timing of sprays, the efficacy of applications and weather conditions all played a role in determining the infection rates at each farm. Effective control of CLR is possible in Hawaii if the sprays of fungicides are carried out with the right products, appropriate timing and good coverage.
Molecular Mechanism of Exogenous Magnesium in Regulating Cation Homeostasis in Roots of Peanut Seedlings under Salt Stress
Authors: Wang Rongjin , Dong Xuan , Gao Yan , Hao Fei , Zhang Hui , Lin Guolin
Published: April 2024

Salt stress seriously hinders the normal growth of plant seedling roots. Magnesium, as one of the essential medium elements for plant growth, can effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress to plant roots, but the key genes involved and their mechanism are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the related molecular mechanism of exogenous magnesium regulating cation homeostasis in peanut seedlings under salt stress. Firstly, according to plant physiology experiments, it was found that exogenous magnesium treatment significantly improved the tolerance of peanut seedlings to salt stress. After that, the transcriptome data were integrated, and further gene expression analysis showed that the expression of genes such as CNGC1, NCLs, and NHX7 was regulated under exogenous magnesium treatment, which effectively reduced the accumulation of sodium ions in cells. At the same time, exogenous magnesium also regulates the expression of genes such as ACAs and POTs and maintains the homeostasis of calcium and potassium ions in cells. These results reveal the molecular mechanism of exogenous magnesium regulating the cation homeostasis of peanut seedlings under salt stress, which provides an important reference for further revealing the key genes of salt tolerance in plants.
Impact of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) Growing in Paddy Fields on Rice Yield and Its Underlying Causes
Authors: Jing Liquan , Wang Xunkang , Zhao Yihan , Li Fan , Su Yu , Cai Yang , Zhao Fucheng , Dong Guichun , Yang Lianxin , Wang Yunxia
Published: April 2024

Duckweed growing in paddy fields (DGP) has substantially increased because of the effects of climate warming and/or eutrophication in irrigated water. Previous studies have primarily focused on investigating the effects of DGP as a nonchemical agent for enhancing rice productivity on nitrogen utilization in rice paddy fields. However, how DGP impacts rice yield remains poorly understood. Therefore, a field experiment with three representative rice cultivars was conducted to determine the effects of DGP on rice yield, considering ecological factors, photosynthetic capacity, spectral changes, and plant growth. The results showed that DGP significantly reduced the pH value by 0.6 and the daily water temperature by 0.6 °C, accelerated rice heading by 1.6 days and increased the soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) and photosynthetic rate of leaves by 10.8% and 14.4% on average, respectively. DGP also markedly enhanced the values of various vegetation indices such as RARSc, MTCI, GCI, NDVI705, CI, CIrededge, mND705, SR705, and GM, and the first derivative curve of the rice canopy reflectance spectrum exhibited a ‘red shift’ phenomenon upon DGP treatment. Changes in the aforementioned factors may lead to average increases of 4.7% in plant height, 15.0% in dry matter weight, 10.6% in panicles m−2, 2.3% in 1000-grain weight, and ultimately a 10.2% increase in grain yield. The correlation observed suggested that the DGP-induced enhancement in grain yield can be achieved by reducing the pH and temperature of the paddy water, thus enhancing the SPAD value and photosynthesis of leaves and stimulating rice plant growth. These results could offer valuable theoretical support for the future sustainable development of agriculture and the environment through the biological synergy between rice and duckweed.
The ptxD Gene Confers Rapeseed the Ability to Utilize Phosphite and a Competitive Advantage against Weeds
Authors: Xu Dinghui , Xiong Teng , Lu Wenbin , Zhao Jinsheng , Zhang Zhenqian , Xiao Gang
Published: April 2024

Weed infestation has seriously affected the yield and quality of rapeseed, which is a globally significant oil crop. While the application of chemical herbicides in agriculture has greatly boosted agricultural efficiency and crop yield, it has also unfortunately led to escalating environmental pollution and the emergence of herbicide-resistant weeds. The ptxD gene, originating from bacteria, encodes the phosphite dehydrogenase enzyme that is responsible for converting phosphite (Phi) into orthophosphate (Pi). Phi remains unusable by plants and most microorganisms, but upon its conversion into Pi, it becomes a viable nutrient source for plants. This unique function of the ptxD gene offers promising avenues for the development of innovative weed control technologies. We tested the Phi tolerance of weeds and ptxD-expressing rapeseed (Brassica napus) through greenhouse experiments in rapeseed fields. The results revealed that a Phi concentration of 200 mg·kg of soil−1 inhibited the growth of all weeds in the rapeseed fields, while the ptxD-expressing rapeseed exhibited robust tolerance to this concentration of Phi. In field experiments, the application of 60 g·m−2 of Phi allowed the ptxD-expressing rapeseed to grow normally, while the weeds grew slowly due to phosphorus deficiency, resulting in the rapeseed having a strong competitive advantage over the weeds. The leaves of the transgenic rapeseed plants covered gaps in the field as they grew, further inhibiting weed growth and completely eliminating their harm due to shading effects. The combination of ptxD-expressing rapeseed and the application of phosphite offers a sustainable alternative to herbicides for weed management in rapeseed fields.
Factors Governing B Cell Recognition of Autoantigen and Function in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Bass Lindsay E. , Bonami Rachel H.
Published: April 2024

Islet autoantibodies predict type 1 diabetes (T1D) but can be transient in murine and human T1D and are not thought to be directly pathogenic. Rather, these autoantibodies signal B cell activity as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that present islet autoantigen to diabetogenic T cells to promote T1D pathogenesis. Disrupting B cell APC function prevents T1D in mouse models and has shown promise in clinical trials. Autoantigen-specific B cells thus hold potential as sophisticated T1D biomarkers and therapeutic targets. B cell receptor (BCR) somatic hypermutation is a mechanism by which B cells increase affinity for islet autoantigen. High-affinity B and T cell responses are selected in protective immune responses, but immune tolerance mechanisms are known to censor highly autoreactive clones in autoimmunity, including T1D. Thus, different selection rules often apply to autoimmune disease settings (as opposed to protective host immunity), where different autoantigen affinity ceilings are tolerated based on variations in host genetics and environment. This review will explore what is currently known regarding B cell signaling, selection, and interaction with T cells to promote T1D pathogenesis.
Designing a Secure and Scalable Service Agent for IoT Transmission through Blockchain and MQTT Fusion
Authors: Hsu Tse-Chuan
Published: April 2024

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years, many IoT devices use communication systems to transmit data. Data packets are inevitably at risk of tampering during data transmission, which can lead to information errors and damage during communication. Since IoT terminals are often operated under human supervision, it is essential to improve and ensure the transmission of information, avoid data tampering, and ensure the accuracy of packet transmission. This research successfully improves the message transmission method of IoT communication and the communication model by combining it with blockchain architecture. Combining communication protocols with blockchain serial connections eliminates the need to control operating and managing processes. By replacing message transmission with coverage, the reliability of data transmission in the IoT communication system is improved, and the flexibility of the data transmission process is enhanced. Through practical verification through experimentation, the study successfully improved the incapability of effectively constructing a cross-coded message transmission mode in the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol, removed a single layer of encryption rule, and created an encryption mode capable of providing complex arrangement organization.
Enhancing COVID-19 Prevalence Forecasting: A Hybrid Approach Integrating Epidemic Differential Equations and Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Kong Liang , Guo Yanhui , Lee Chung-wei
Published: April 2024

Accurate forecasting of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread is indispensable for effective public health planning and the allocation of healthcare resources at all levels of governance, both nationally and globally. Conventional prediction models for the COVID-19 pandemic often fall short in precision, due to their reliance on homogeneous time-dependent transmission rates and the oversight of geographical features when isolating study regions. To address these limitations and advance the predictive capabilities of COVID-19 spread models, it is imperative to refine model parameters in accordance with evolving insights into the disease trajectory, transmission rates, and the myriad economic and social factors influencing infection. This research introduces a novel hybrid model that combines classic epidemic equations with a recurrent neural network (RNN) to predict the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed model integrates time-dependent features, namely the numbers of individuals classified as susceptible, infectious, recovered, and deceased (SIRD), and incorporates human mobility from neighboring regions as a crucial spatial feature. The study formulates a discrete-time function within the infection component of the SIRD model, ensuring real-time applicability while mitigating overfitting and enhancing overall efficiency compared to various existing models. Validation of the proposed model was conducted using a publicly available COVID-19 dataset sourced from Italy. Experimental results demonstrate the model’s exceptional performance, surpassing existing spatiotemporal models in three-day ahead forecasting. This research not only contributes to the field of epidemic modeling but also provides a robust tool for policymakers and healthcare professionals to make informed decisions in managing and mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A New Moment-Resisting Glulam Beam-End Connection Utilizing Mechanically Fastened Steel Rods—An Experimental Study
Authors: Hubbard Cory , Salem Osama (Sam)
Published: April 2024

A new moment-resisting mass timber connection was designed based on the principles of force equilibrium in applied mechanics. The connection configuration utilizing two mechanically fastened threaded steel rods embedded into the end of a glulam beam section was experimentally investigated in this study. A gradually increasing transverse load was applied to the free end of a cantilevered beam, causing a bending moment on the beam-end connection until failure. Four different connection configurations were examined, each replicated twice to verify results. The beam connection parameters investigated were rod anchorage length (200 and 250 mm) and square washer size (38.1 and 50.8 mm). Test results show that increasing the washer size increased the connection bending strength by increments more significantly than those due to increasing the rod anchorage length. However, the connection configurations with the smaller-size washer, which failed mainly due to wood crushing under the washer, had higher ductility ratios than those with the larger-size washer, which failed due to steel rod yielding. In a real-life scenario, a structural element such as a glulam beam is usually loaded to approximately 50% to 70% of its design capacity, considering a reasonable margin of safety. The study estimates a maximum possible bending moment utilization factor for the strongest connection configuration that ranged between 34% and 48% compared to the maximum moment resistance of a supported glulam beam spanning an average length of 4.0 m to 6.0 m (a common span length in framed timber buildings) and has a cross-section size same as the one utilized in this study. This utilization factor is quite large for a timber connection, and thus, confirms a considerable moment-resisting capability of the new configuration developed in this study.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Different Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Methods in Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Rozbicki Paweł , Usowski Jacek , Krzywdzińska Sandra , Jurkiewicz Dariusz , Siewiera Jacek
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is one of the treatment methods in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). It is recommended as an elective treatment in patients undergoing steroid therapy. According to current scientific reports, HBOT should be implemented within two weeks after the first symptoms. However, as far as the profile of HBOT is concerned, there are no straightforward recommendations. Methods: The data obtained from the medical records of 218 patients undergoing HBOT for SSNHL at the Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute were analyzed statistically for the impact of the duration and the delay in implementing HBOT on the end results of pure-tone audiometry (PTA). Results: A statistically significant hearing improvement in patients undergoing more than 15 cycles of HBOT was detected at all frequencies except for 1500 Hz; in the group reporting for treatment with a delay of more than 10 days, hearing improvement was statistically unsignificant at frequencies of 1500, 3000, and 4000 Hz. Conclusions: The statistical analysis showed that the urgent onset of HBOT could be a significant factor in the therapy of SSNHL.
Analysis of Thermal Mixing and Entropy Generation during Natural Convection Flows in Arbitrary Eccentric Annulus
Authors: Singh Satyvir , Sengupta Bidesh , Rana Seetu
Published: April 2024

The present study presents a computational investigation into the thermal mixing along with entropy generation throughout the natural convection flow within an arbitrarily eccentric annulus. Salt water is filled inside the eccentric annulus, in which the outer and inner cylinders have Tc and Th constant temperatures. The Boussinesq approximation is used to develop the governing equations for the natural convection flow, which are then solved on a structured quadrilateral mesh using the OpenFOAM software package (FOAM-Extend 4.0). The computational simulations are performed for Rayleigh numbers (Ra=103–105), eccentricity (ϵ=0,0.4,0.8), angular positions (φ=0∘,45∘,90∘), and Prandtl number (Pr=10, salt water). The computational results are visualized in terms of streamlines, isotherms, and entropy generation caused by fluid friction and heat transfer. Additionally, a thorough examination of the variations in the average and local Nusselt numbers, circulation intensity with eccentricities, and angular positions is provided. The optimal state of heat transfer is shown to be influenced by the eccentricity, angular positions, uniform temperature sources, and Boussinesq state. Moreover, the rate of thermal mixing and the production of total entropy increase as Ra increases. It is found that, compared to a concentric annulus, an eccentric annulus has a higher rate of thermal mixing and entropy generation. The findings show which configurations and types of eccentric annulus are ideal and could be used in any thermal processing activity where a salt fluid (Pr=10) is involved.