bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Regulatory Standpoint on Evaluating the Bioequivalence of Different Classes of Generic Drugs - Is the Evaluation in the Right Direction?
Authors: Micheal Francis , Sayana Mohanlal , Motial Balamurali Musuvathi
Published: October 2019

Background:

The concept of evaluating bioequivalence has changed over a period of time. Currently, the
Average Bioequivalence approach (ABE) is the gold standard tool for the evaluation of generics. Of late, many debates
had arisen about employing ABE approach for the appraisal of all drug categories. This review aims to examine
the limitations of ABE approach and the significances of Population Bioequivalence (PBE) and Individual Bioequivalence
(IBE) approach, current regulatory thinking for assessing different categories of the drug, whether they
are adequately assessed, and the evaluation is in the right direction.

Methods:

We carried out an organized search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literatures, regulatory
recommendations, guidance documents using a focused review question and eligibility criteria. The standard
tools were used to appraise the quality of retrieved documents and to make sure the authenticity of the data.

Results:

In total 73 references were used in the review, the majority of the references (guidance documents) were
from the different regulatory agencies and product-specific guidance. There were 29 product-specific guidance from
USFDA and EMA. The limitations of the ABE approach were discussed in detail along with the significances of
Population Bioequivalence (PBE) approach and Individual Bioequivalence (IBE) approaches.

Conclusion:

It is apparent from the review that IBE approach is a precise method for evaluating the drugs as it answers
drug interchangeability (prescribability and switchability). IBE approach is followed by PBE approach and
ABE approach for the evaluation of different categories of drugs in terms of precision.
Curcumin - A Novel Therapeutic Agent in the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gupta Manoj K. , Vadde Ramakrishna , Sarojamma Vemula
Published: October 2019

Background:

Colorectal cancer is the third important cause of cancer-associated deaths across the world. Hence, there is an urgent need for understanding the complete mechanism associated with colorectal cancer, which in turn can be utilized toward early detection as well as the treatment of colorectal cancer in humans. Though colorectal cancer is a complex process and chemotherapy is the first step toward the treatment of colorectal cancer, recently several studies suggested that dietary phytochemicals may also aid significantly in reducing colorectal cancer risk in human. However, only few phytochemicals, specifically curcumin derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, have better chemotherapeutic property, which might be because of its ability to regulate the activity of key factors associated with the initiation, promotion, as well as progression of tumors.

Objectives:

In the present review, the authors made an attempt to summarize the physiochemical properties of curcumin, which in turn prevent colorectal cancer via regulating numerous cell signaling as well as genetic pathways.

Conclusions:

Accumulated evidence suggested that curcumin suppresses tumour/colon cancer in various ways, (a) restricting cell cycle progression, or stimulating apoptosis, (b) restricting angiogenesis, anti-apoptotic proteins expression, cell survival signaling pathways & their cross-communication and (c) regulating immune responses. The information discussed in the present review will be useful in the drug discovery process as well as the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer in humans.
Oral Delivery of Anticancer Agents Using Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery System
Authors: Mathur Prateek , Rawal Shruti , Patel Bhoomika , Patel Mayur M.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Conventionally, anti-cancer agents were administered through the intravenous route. The major drawbacks associated with the intravenous route of administration are: severe side effects, need of hospitalization, nursing care, and palliative treatment. In order to overcome the drawbacks associated with the intravenous route of administration, oral delivery of anti-cancer agents has gained tremendous interest among the scientific fraternity. Oral delivery of anti-cancer agents principally leads to a reduction in the overall cost of treatment, and aids in improving the quality of life of patients. Bioavailability of drugs and inter-subject variability are the major concerns with oral administration of anti-cancer agents. Factors viz. physicochemical and biological barriers (pre-systemic metabolism and transmembrane efflux of the drug) are accountable for hampering oral bioavailability of anti-cancer agents can be efficiently overcome by employing nanocarrier based drug delivery systems. Oral delivery of anticancer agents by employing these drug delivery systems will not only improve the quality of life of patients but will also provide pharmacoeconomic advantage and lead to a reduction in the overall cost of treatment of life-threatening disease like cancer.

Objective:

This article aims to familiarize the readers with some of the recent advancements in the field of nanobased drug delivery systems for oral delivery of anticancer agents.

Conclusion:

Advancement in the field of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems has opened up gateways for the delivery of drugs that are difficult to administer orally. Oral delivery of anti-cancer agents by these drug delivery systems will not only improve the quality of life of patients but will also provide pharmacoeconomic advantage and lead to a reduction in the overall cost of treatment of life-threatening disease like cancer.
Virulence Factors in Sporothrix schenckii, One of the Causative Agents of Sporotrichosis
Authors: Tamez-Castrellón Alma K. , Romeo Orazio , García-Carnero Laura C. , Lozoya-Pérez Nancy E. , Mora-Montes Héctor M.
Published: October 2019

:

Sporothrix schenckii is one of the etiological agents of sporotrichosis, a fungal infection
distributed worldwide. Both, the causative organism and the disease have currently received limited
attention by the medical mycology community, most likely because of the low mortality rates associated
with it. Nonetheless, morbidity is high in endemic regions and the versatility of S. schenckii to
cause zoonosis and sapronosis has attracted attention. Thus far, virulence factors associated with this
organism are poorly described. Here, comparing the S. schenckii genome sequence with other medically
relevant fungi, genes involved in morphological change, cell wall synthesis, immune evasion,
thermotolerance, adhesion, biofilm formation, melanin production, nutrient uptake, response to stress,
extracellular vesicle formation, and toxin production are predicted and discussed as putative virulence
factors in S. schenckii.
Neonatal Immune Activation May Provoke Long-term Depressive Attributes
Authors: Schelder-Marzzani Simone H. , Dias Paula , Freiberger Viviane , Ventura Letícia , Silva Bruna B. , Dutra Matheus L. , Bobinski Franciane , Schlindwein Aline D. , Cassol Omar J. , Comim Clarissa M.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Studies have shown the relationship between neuroinflammation and depressive- like parameters. However, research still has not been carried out to evaluate neuroinflammation in the neonatal period and psychiatric disorders in adulthood.

Objective:

To verify the association between neonatal immune activation and depressive-like parameters in adulthood using an animal model.

Methods:

Two days old C57BL/6 animals were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or phosphate- buffered saline (PBS). When the animals were 46 days old, they received PBS or Imipramine at 14 days. At 60 days, the consumption of sucrose; immobility time; adrenal gland and the hippocampus weight; levels of plasma corticosterone and hippocampal Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were evaluated.

Results:

It was observed that the animals exposed to LPS in the neonatal period and evaluated in adulthood decreased the consumption of sucrose and had reducted hippocampus weight. Also, the exposed animals presented an increase of immobility time, adrenal gland weight and plasma levels of corticosteroids. The use of imipramine did not only modify the decreased hippocampal weight. On the other hand, there were no alterations in the BDNF levels in the hippocampus with or without the use of imipramine.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that neonatal immune activation may be associated with depressive- like parameters in adulthood. It is believed that endotoxemia may trigger physiological and behavioral alterations, increasing vulnerability for the development of depression in adulthood.
Etiological Features of Liver Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Sellami Meriem , Saidane Olfa , Mahmoud Ines , Tekaya Aicha Ben , Tekaya Rawdha , Abdelmoula Leila
Published: October 2019

Background:

Liver involvement is not considered a typical extra-articular manifestation
and has rarely been studied in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

:

We aimed to identify the prevalence and aetiologies of liver disease in RA patients.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study included 150 patients with RA enrolled over 5 years (2010-
2015). The clinical and paraclinical features of RA were analyzed. The clinical and biological characteristics
of liver impairment and its aetiologies were collected.

Results:

One hundred and fifty RA patients (124 women) with a mean age of 57.09 years and a
mean RA duration of 7.52 years were included. Liver involvement was diagnosed in 66 patients
(44%). The liver disease was asymptomatic in 94% of the cases, revealed by increased gammaglutamyl
transferase levels in 74% of the patients. The aetiologies of liver involvement were hepatotoxicity
of medications in 38 cases (57%), hepatitis B and C in 14 patients (21%), fatty liver disease
in 10 cases (15%), autoimmune liver disease in 2 patients (3%), hydatid cyst in 1 case (2%),
and liver angiomas in 1 case (2%). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and methotrexate were
the drugs most often involved in the genesis of hepatotoxicity (21% and 20% of the cases, respectively).

Conclusion:

Liver involvement occurred in 44% of RA patients. Aetiologies were mainly hepatotoxicity
and viral hepatitis B and C. Patients with RA should be systematically screened for liver
disease, which is rarely symptomatic.
The Role of TNF-α as a Proinflammatory Cytokine in Pathological Processes
Authors: Silva Luciano B. , dos Santos Neto Alexandrino P. , Maia Sandra M.A.S. , dos Santos Guimarães Carolina , Quidute Iliana L. , Carvalho Alessandra de A.T. , Júnior Severino A. , Leão Jair C.
Published: October 2019

TNF-α is a member of the vast cytokine family being considered a proinflammatory substance produced many by macrophages and other cells belonging to the innate immunity, many of them classified as indeed Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) involved in the complex chemotactic process of activation of the adaptive immunity. The aim of this work was to accomplish a literature review concerning the main pathologies that have TNF-α as a modulating agent in other to bring light to the main interactions present in the inflammation installed.
A INTERVENÇÃO DO ESTADO NA PROPRIEDADE PRIVADA E O PAPEL DO MUNICÍPIO
Authors: Andrade Gustavo Henrique Baptista
Published: October 2019

Centrado na temática da função social da propriedade, o presente trabalho versa sobre o papel do ente federativo municipal no âmbito da intervenção do Estado na propriedade privada, mais especificamente como se dá a atuação do Município nesse campo, em quais hipóteses e sob que fundamentos e limites. A função social da propriedade foi incluída no rol dos direitos fundamentais e também entre os princípios da ordem econômica, permeando todo o texto constitucional, porquanto fundamento e objetivo da República. Está também presente de maneira expressa na política urbana, inaugurando a Constituição de 1988 uma nova concepção da propriedade, não mais atrelada ao indivíduo exclusivamente, mas funcionalizada à justiça social. Além da função social, restrições administrativas ao conteúdo da propriedade formam o conjunto de medidas interventivas que demonstram a especial relevância do papel do Município como executor da política de desenvolvimento urbano.
A ADVOCACIA PÚBLICA COMO INSTITUIÇÃO ESSENCIAL AO ESTADO DE DIREITO DEMOCRÁTICO E SOCIAL
Authors: Santos Marcus Gouveia dos
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tem como objeto a função constitucional da Advocacia Pública, pretendendo demonstrar a sua natureza de princípio garantia para a consolidação dos princípios estruturantes do Estado de Direito Democrático e Social.  Para alcançar este propósito, formularam-se os seguintes objetivos: a) analisar a trajetória histórica de reconhecimento do Estado de Direito Democrático e Social na Constituição; b) analisar o percurso histórico e as respectivas funções da Advocacia Pública no Estado de Direito; c) demonstrar as consequências da adoção do Estado de Direito Democrático e Social como princípio estruturante da Constituição Brasileira, considerando, entre outros aspectos, a influência sobre a concretização da dignidade da pessoa humana. Do ponto de vista metodológico, desenvolveu-se pesquisa descritiva, cujas fontes principais foram: a Constituição Brasileira, a legislação nacional e a doutrina produzida por juristas de diferentes países, que trazem a lume alguns consensos e divergências quanto à função constitucional da Advocacia Pública para a consolidação dos princípios estruturantes. Ao final, apresentam-se considerações no intuito de contribuir para a garantia dos princípios constitucionais estruturantes, por meio de uma concepção constitucionalmente adequada do papel da Advocacia Pública.
Development and Evaluation of an HIV-Testing Intervention for Primary Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Apers Hanne , Vuylsteke Bea , Loos Jasna , Smekens Tom , Deblonde Jessika , Van Beckhoven Dominique , Nöstlinger Christiana
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Late diagnosis of HIV fosters HIV transmission and may lead to hidden HIV epidemics. In Belgium, mathematical modeling indicates a high prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infections among men who have sex with men of non-Belgian origin and among sub-Saharan African migrants. Promotion of HIV testing facilitates early diagnosis, but diagnostic opportunities are missed in primary care.

OBJECTIVE

The intervention study aims to enhance provider-initiated HIV testing by GPs. This protocol presents the conceptual development, implementation, and evaluation of an HIV-testing intervention for Flemish general practitioners (GPs).

METHODS

A mixed methods evaluation design is used. Guided by a simplified intervention mapping approach, an evidence-based intervention was developed in collaboration, guided by an interdisciplinary advisory board. The intervention consisted of an evidence-based tool (ie, “HIV-testing advice for primary care”) to support GPs in provider-initiated HIV testing. A modified stepped-wedge design compare two different intervention levels: (1) online dissemination of the HIV-testing advice and (2) dissemination with additional group-level training. Both conditions were compared against a control condition with no intervention. The effect of the intervention was measured using Poisson regression for national surveillance data. The primary outcome was the number of HIV diagnoses made by GPs. Secondary outcomes were HIV diagnoses among groups at risk for undiagnosed HIV, distribution of new diagnoses by CD4 cell count, number of HIV tests prescribed by GPs, and rate of new diagnoses by tests. To evaluate the intervention’s implementation, the GPs’ fidelity to the intervention and the intervention’s feasibility and acceptability by GPs were assessed through (web-based) surveys and in-depth telephone interviews.

RESULTS

The study was funded in 2016 and ethically approved in January 2017. The implementation of the intervention started in January 2017 and ended in December 2018. Data was completed in October 2019 and was the starting point for the ongoing data analysis. The results are expected to be published in the second half of 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Results of the intervention study will provide useful information on the intervention’s effectiveness among Flemish GPs and can inform further development of official testing guidelines. Limitations of this real-life intervention approach are potential spill-over effects, delay in access to surveillance data, and little detailed information on HIV-testing practices among GPs.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04056156; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04056156

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/16486
Pengaruh durasi senam diabetes pada penurunan glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe II
Authors: Kurdanti Weni , Khasana Tri Mei
Published: October 2019

Background: The management of DM focused on four pillars: education, nutrition therapy, physical exercise, and pharmacological interventions. In type 2 diabetes, physical activity functions primarily in controlling diabetes.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of differences in the duration of aerobic exercise on blood glucose levels.Method: This was quasi-experimental research with pre-post test design. A total of 24 respondents with type 2 diabetes were divided into two groups consisting of groups A that received aerobic exercise with a duration of 30 minutes and group B received aerobic exercise with a duration of 60 minutes for 6 weeks and frequency of exercise 3 times each week. Statistical tests use paired t-tests and independent t-tests.Results: The mean post-test blood sugar level based on HbA1c measurements in group A was 7.92±1.56% while group B was 7.13±0.99%. Mean pre-test - post-test blood sugar levels in the two groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Aerobic exercise for 6 weeks with a frequency of 3 times each week can reduce HbA1c by -2.5±0.96% in group A while group B increased by 0.02±0.29%. There is a significant difference in HbA1c before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise between two groups (p=0.021).Conclusion: Aerobic exercise with a duration of 30 minutes for 6 weeks 3 times each week can reduce blood glucose (HbA1c) by -2.5±0.96% while the group duration of aerobic exercise 60 minutes an increase of 0.02±0.29%. There is a significant difference in HbA1c before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise between the two groups.
Efektivitas Hybrid e-Learning Mata Kuliah Kimia Klinik dan Bioanalisis di Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Hermawan Adam , Ikawati Muthi , Kristina Susi Ari , Meiyanto Edy
Published: October 2019

The e-learning method has emerged over the years along with the development of information technology. One of the advantages of this method is not depending on space and time of lecture. The course of clinical chemistry and bioanalysis consisting of lectures and practical courses has time and place limitations for practical and discussion between lecturers and students, therefore learning method innovation is needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the hybrid e-learning method using eLisa on student, as well as understanding and evaluating student perceptions and acceptance of the hybrid e-learning method in clinical chemistry and bioanalysis courses. The platform for the the hybrid e-learning method is eLisa (elisa.ugm.ac.id), developed by the Center for Innovation and Academic Studies (PIKA) UGM. A total of 54 UGM Pharmacy students in the sixth semester of the academic year 2017/2018 participated in this learning activity. Online discussion was conducted on a scientific paper or data obtained from practical courses. Lecturers also provide assignments and online quizzes through eLisa every 2 to 3 weeks. Online assignments and quizzes are opened 24 hours after the lectures. The hybrid e-learning method improve student’s understanding on the lectures and results in the increased number of students who get A marks by 100% compared to conventional learning methods. Most students were satisfied and able to enjoy the learning process with hybrid e-learning with eLisa. This method is able to improve the understanding of subjects and students are satisfied with the implementation of course learning. Further development on improving e-learning methods is needed to improve the quality of learning outcomes.
Estimasi Nilai Ekonomi Obat Tidak Digunakan pada Kalangan Rumah Tangga Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Ridwan Bai Athur , Kristina Susi Ari , Wiedyaningsih Chairun
Published: October 2019

Pengeluaran untuk obat-obat yang diresepkan dan obat yang dijual bebas merupakan persentase besar dari total biaya perawatan kesehatan. Pasien mungkin tidak dapat menggunakan semua obat yang diperoleh dari pengobatan karena perubahan dosis atau obat-obat yang telah kedaluwarsa. Hal ini diperkirakan memiliki konsekuensi terhadap finansial. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai ekonomi obat tidak digunakan dan kedaluwarsa pada kalangan rumah tangga Kota Yogyakarta.Jenis Penelitian ini yaitu observatif dengan rancangan studi cross sectional. Responden dipilih secara convenience sampling dan diwawancara langsung dan mendata obat-obat yang disimpan di rumah. Data dianalisis dan dipersentasikan secara deskriptif.Dari 400 responden, hanya 261 (65,2%) yang menyimpan obat terdiri dari obat sedang digunakan dan persediaan, obat tidak digunakan dan obat kedaluwarsa dengan total harga sebesar Rp7.082.556. Total harga obat tidak digunakan sebesar  Rp1.273.921 (18%) dengan rata-rata Rp13.698 per orang sedangkan obat kedaluwarsa hanya berharga Rp140.065 (2%) dengan rata-rata Rp12.733. Berdasarkan kelas terapi, jumlah obat tidak digunakan paling banyak adalah analgesik (28,6%), sistem respirasi (13,7%), dan antimikroba (11,9%), sedangkan obat kedaluwarsa utamanya analgesik, saluran cerna dan antiseptik masing-masing (18,8%). Nilai ekonomi obat tidak digunakan dan kedaluwarsa pada kalangan rumah tangga dari penelitian ini relatif kecil. Penelitian ini dapat berfungsi dalam program edukasi masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dan penggunaan obat secara tepat dan efisien agar dapat dilakukan penghematan biaya kesehatan yang dikeluarkan.Kata Kunci: Obat tidak digunakan, obat kedaluwarsa, biaya
Reflexiones metodológicas en torno al estudio de las Representaciones Sociales. Su relevancia para la investigación educativa
Authors: Gutiérrez-Vidrio Silvia
Published: October 2019

En el campo de estudio de las representaciones sociales es común encontrar trabajos que incorporan el concepto y la teoría de manera poco sistemática, o en los que existe cierta confusión nocional e inconsistencia investigativa. Al respecto, en este texto presento algunas reflexiones y recomendaciones sobre elementos claves que necesitan reunir las investigaciones en este campo, con el fin de que las personas interesadas en esta propuesta y en su aplicación en la investigación educativa, puedan diseñar e implementar investigaciones de manera sólida. Los contenidos se articulan en tres nudos problemáticos: la construcción del objeto de investigación y la elección de los sujetos que la comparten, los enfoques teórico-metodológicos que marcan los diferentes abordajes que siguen los estudios  empíricos y los métodos de acopio y análisis más utilizados.
Principios éticos que guían el desempeño de académicos de posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Authors: Hirsch-Adler Ana
Published: October 2019

En este trabajo se da cuenta de los principales temas señalados por 34 profesores e investigadores de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), como respuesta a la pregunta ¿Cuáles principios éticos guían su desempeño como académico del posgrado de la UNAM? Es parte del Estudio sobre la Excelencia del Profesorado del Posgrado de la unam, y los resultados se basan en una guía de entrevista aplicada entre 2017 y 2018. Los sujetos fueron seleccionados a partir de las respuestas a una de las cuatro preguntas abiertas que se incluyeron en el cuestionario de Fernández-Cruz y Romero (2010): “Mencione usted hasta tres profesores de posgrado que considere excelentes”. Contestaron el cuestionario 399 académicos en 2016.
Instant Corn Rice Product Development
Authors: Hidayat Khoirul , Mu'tamar Mohammad Fuad Fauzul , Firmansyah R Arief , Illahi Wahyudi
Published: October 2019

The Madurese consumes corn as the primary source of carbohydrates. However, currently, they are experiencing a shift in consumption from corn to rice. It is caused by the availability of abundant rice. Moreover, another reason is the process of processing corn requires a relatively long time. The purpose of this research is to develop instant Madura corn rice. The method used in this research is the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. Based on the House of Quality matrix obtained 16 attributes of consumer needs both in terms of products and packaging. Highest Attributes of the needs of consumers are attributes without preservatives for the product aspect and presenting attributes for the packaging aspect. There are 17 attributes of technical requirements needed to meet the attributes of consumer needs. Highest priority  The technical requirements are the corn type attribute for the product side and the font-size attribute for the packaging aspect. The results of product comparisons with competitors, Madura corn rice products have advantages in the yellow color attribute. Furthermore, It needs to be improved attributes about the texture a little soft.
Malik Mahmud Local Strongmen?
Authors: Akbar Arif
Published: October 2019

The Helsinki MoU agreed by the Indonesian Government and the Free Aceh Movement provided an opportunity for Aceh to have a customary institution called the Wali Nanggroe institution. This opportunity was used by the DPRA which was dominated by the Aceh Party by confirming Malik Mahmud Alhaitar as the Naggroe Aceh Mayor, in the Aceh Party structure Malik Mahmud was one of the leaders of this local Party, so it was possible to have a dual role played by the figure of Wali Naggroe. The inauguration of Malik Mahmud as the Wali Nanggroe also indirectly gave rise to a local figure of Strongmen within the structure of the Acehnese community, given the position of the Wali Nanggroe as a position that was highly respected in the structure of Acehnese people's lives. Moving on from the above problems, this study wants to see how the role of the State in giving birth to local Strongmen within the structure of Acehnese society. This research borrows his theorist Jonh T Sidel and Migdal who have formulated how the formation of local Strongmen or bossism and the characteristics of both. Based on the results in the field, it shows that the local Strongmen could emerge because of the involvement of the State in them, the involvement of the State is not limited to giving the opportunity for the birth of local Strongmen but more than that, the State also provides legal standing for local StrongmenKeywords :Local Strongmen, Wali Nanggroe
Regional Government Strategies in the Development of Sumenep Keraton Tourism in the Perspective Collaborative Governance
Authors: Utami Istayu Pratistaning , Hadi Khrisno , Syafrieyana Yana
Published: October 2019

Sumenep Regency has high tourism potential where there are about 32 tourist attractions in which one of them is Sumenep Palace. However, in 2016 Sumenep Palace is still less touristy compared to other tourist attractions such as Lombang Beach which can attract around 66.000 tourists, while Sumenep Palace is only around 49.000. In addition, some travel agents also still do little tourism promotion, because they prefer to offer beach tour packages. Therefore, in order for tourism development to run optimally, Sumenep Regency carries out a collaborative strategy involving the private sector and the community. The research method used was the descriptive qualitative method to provide an overview of the strategy of Sumenep Regency Government in developing tourism of Sumenep Palace based on collaborative strategy. Data collection techniques are carried out through the process of observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory used is collaborative governance by Chriss Ansell and Alisson Gash which emphasizes that collaboration is carried out formally between government and non-government actors, where the government becomes the initiator in the collaboration. The results showed that the collaboration included government actors carried out by Disparbudpora, travel tourism agents and klenengan art groups. Each of these actors has acted as a facilitator, carried out tourism promotions, and supported the implementation of collaboration activities. The achievements of collaborative activities indicate the presence of increasing tourist visits from 2016 to 2017, but in terms of regional revenue, the contribution is still not that significant. Overall, the realization of the collaboration is supported by a forum for dialogue, trust, and commitment between actors. But there are some drawbacks in the absence of regulations to support the collaboration process, the absence of hotel and restaurant involvement and the lack of involvement of travel agents.Key Word: Government Strategy, Collaborative Governance, Tourism Development
Depressive Behavior of Rats Consuming Cocoa Powder and Cocoa Extract
Authors: Tunjung Sari Ariza Budi , Misnawi Misnawi , Pudjiastuti Pratiwi , Baktir Afaf
Published: October 2019

Chocolate is associated with calm and happy feelings. However little is found to demonstrate if this effect is induced by active ingredient in cocoa ratherthan the sweetness of chocolate. In this study we tested the effect of cocoa on the depressive behavior of female rats suffering from estrogen deficiency. Twentyfemale rats aged seven weeks old were ovariectomized to remove the estrogen source. The rats were distributed into four groups and undergoing three dayoral administration of 1g/kg body weight (bw) cocoa powder, 1g/kg bw cocoa extract, 1 mg/kg bw estradiol valerate and 1 mL/kg bw vehicle (olive oil). Anothergroup of rats having intact ovaries received 1 mL/kg bw drinking water. The rats were undergoing forced swimming test (FST) one day before treatment and after treatment and the immobility time was recorded. No significant difference was found on the after-treatment immobility time across groups. However, all the rats in the vehicle group developed longer immobility time after-treatment compared with the result from before-treatment test, suggesting that depression had occurred in ovariectomized rats receiving no active substances. In the other hand, very few rats had greater after-treatment immobility time in the cocoa powder and estradiol valerate groups. In the cocoa extract group, all the rats had shorter immobility time after treatment when it is compared with before treatment time. We conclude that compounds in cocoa have certain extent of estrogenic activity that affects emotional state.
Study on Coffee Marketing and Farmer Organization in Pasuruan District
Authors: Aklimawati Lya
Published: October 2019

Complexity of coffee supply chain system encourages business actors to optimize supply chain management as an effort to increase market transparencyamong them. Consolidating in farmer organization was required to strengthen bargaining position of farmer for facing the complexity of supply chain system.The aim of this research was to analyze supply chain and marketing margin on coffee marketing; and to analyze the characteristics of coffee farmer organization.This research was conducted in Pasuruan district as one of coffee producing area in East Java. Number of respondents were 18 that consisted of 16 farmersand 2 extension officers. The respondent was determined by snowball sampling method. The data was considered a primary data and secondary data was usedas supporting data. Data were analyzed by using descriptive method and marketing margin analysis. The result showed that coffee marketing chain in Pasuruan district would lead to a relatively long and complex which was dominated by collectors. The highest profit of Arabica coffee marketing received by collectors was gained by selling green beans. On the Robusta coffee marketing, the highest profit was derived by selling fresh cherries. Farmer organizations could not be able to improve their bargaining position and market access as a result of weakness on the role and function of them.
Product Decomposition of Periodic Functions in Quantum Signal Processing
Authors: Haah Jeongwan
Published: October 2019

We consider an algorithm to approximate complex-valued periodic functions f(eiθ) as a matrix element of a product of SU(2)-valued functions, which underlies so-called quantum signal processing. We prove that the algorithm runs in time O(N3polylog(N/ϵ)) under the random-access memory model of computation where N is the degree of the polynomial that approximates f with accuracy ϵ; previous efficiency claim assumed a strong arithmetic model of computation and lacked numerical stability analysis.
Theory of variational quantum simulation
Authors: Yuan Xiao , Endo Suguru , Zhao Qi , Li Ying , Benjamin Simon C.
Published: October 2019

The variational method is a versatile tool for classical simulation of a variety of quantum systems. Great efforts have recently been devoted to its extension to quantum computing for efficiently solving static many-body problems and simulating real and imaginary time dynamics. In this work, we first review the conventional variational principles, including the Rayleigh-Ritz method for solving static problems, and the Dirac and Frenkel variational principle, the McLachlan's variational principle, and the time-dependent variational principle, for simulating real time dynamics. We focus on the simulation of dynamics and discuss the connections of the three variational principles. Previous works mainly focus on the unitary evolution of pure states. In this work, we introduce variational quantum simulation of mixed states under general stochastic evolution. We show how the results can be reduced to the pure state case with a correction term that takes accounts of global phase alignment. For variational simulation of imaginary time evolution, we also extend it to the mixed state scenario and discuss variational Gibbs state preparation. We further elaborate on the design of ansatz that is compatible with post-selection measurement and the implementation of the generalised variational algorithms with quantum circuits. Our work completes the theory of variational quantum simulation of general real and imaginary time evolution and it is applicable to near-term quantum hardware.
Pilot-assisted intradyne reception for high-speed continuous-variable quantum key distribution with true local oscillator
Authors: Laudenbach Fabian , Schrenk Bernhard , Pacher Christoph , Hentschel Michael , Fung Chi-Hang Fred , Karinou Fotini , Poppe Andreas , Peev Momtchil , Hübel Hannes
Published: October 2019

We present a pilot-assisted coherent intradyne reception methodology for CV-QKD with true local oscillator. An optically phase-locked reference tone, prepared using carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation, is multiplexed in polarisation and frequency to the 250 Mbaud quantum signal in order to provide optical frequency- and phase matching between quantum signal and local oscillator. Our concept allows for high symbol rates and can be operated at an extremely low excess-noise level, as validated by experimental measurements.
DETERMINATION OF THE ELEMENTS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE RELIABILITY OF REDUNDANT FRAMES
Authors: Pichugin Sergii , Chichulin Viktor , Chichulina Ksenia
Published: October 2019

The paper attacks the problem of steel redundant structures reliability. In calculations the probabilistic method of limit equilibrium is applied. All possible mechanisms of structural failure are considered. The influence of each section on the work of the frame as a whole is taken into account. Stochastic strength and load characteristics are used in the calculations. The proposed method of calculation allows to obtain structures with a given reliability. The calculation provides an opportunity to take into account the existing reserves of frames. The numerical example uses the logic of probabilistic transformations. The graphs of specific contributions of individual sections and the most probable mechanisms of destruction are presented. The probabilistic method takes into account the correlation between the individual mechanisms of destruction. The developed method determines the limiting moments, but it is allowed to take into account the action of the longitudinal force. In this example, the task was to align the impact of the frame sections without reducing the specified reliability, but it is possible to obtain a design with the same specific contributions, which is most economically justified. Specific contributions are increased or decreased as necessary to obtain a design with equal probability of failure. In the design, the influence of destruction individual mechanisms is used, because the cross sections of the beam span or floor column do not change from the design conditions. The method provides an opportunity to obtain more optimal designs and the use of modern software systems for static calculation. Recommendations for the design of these structures have been developed. It is proposed to use the reliability coefficient of redundant steel structures.
SIMULATING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOFT COHESIVE SOILS USING THE GENERALIZED BOUNDING SURFACE MODEL
Authors: Kaliakin Victor , Nieto-Leal Andres
Published: October 2019

The Generalized Bounding Surface Model (GBSM) for saturated cohesive soils is a fully three­dimensional, time and temperature-dependent model that accounts for both inherent and stress induced anisotropy. To better simulate the behavior of cohesive soils exhibiting softening, the model employs a non­associative flow rule. The GBSM synthesizes many previous bounding surface constitutive models for saturated cohesive soils and improves upon their predictive capabilities. For those cases where the use of the more complex forms of the GBSM is not justified, the model can be adaptively changed to simpler forms, thus reducing the number of associated parameters, giving flexibility to the simulations and reducing the computational cost. Following a brief overview of the GBSM, the model's performance in simulating the response of soft, saturated cohesive soils is assessed under both axisymmetric and true triaxial conditions.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ACCOUNT OF THE STAGES IN THE CALCULATION OF THE SHELL TOGETHER WITH THE SOIL MASSIF
Authors: Kosytsyn Sergey , Akulich Vladimir
Published: October 2019

The distinctive paper discus ses the stress-strain state of a cylindrical shell with and without taking into account changes in the design model in time. The volumetric design model of the cylindrical shell and the soil massif is made. The calculation consists of several stages from the beginning of the tunnel shell construction to the end of the work. The authors analyzed the results and made appropriate recommendations.
WAVELET-BASED DISCRETE-CONTINUAL FINITE ELEMENT PLATE ANALYSIS WITH THE USE OF DAUBECHIES SCALING FUNCTIONS
Authors: Mozgaleva Marina , Akimov Pavel , Kaytukov Taymuraz
Published: October 2019

The distinctive paper is detoded to special version of wavelet-based discrete-continual finite element method of plate analysis. Daubechies scaling functions are used within this version. Its field of application comprises plates with constant (generally piecewise constant) physical and geometrical parameters along one direction (so-called “basic” direction). Modified continual operational formulation of the problem with the use of the method of extended domain (proposed by A.B. Zolotov) is presented. Corresponding discrete-continual formulation is given as well. Brief information about computer implementation of the method with the use of MATLAB software is provided. Besides numerical sample of analysis of thin plate is considered.
PROFESSORES, BNCC E CONSTRUÇÃO DE CURRÍCULO NA CULTURA DIGITAL
Authors: Cerny Roseli Zen
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo, apresentamos a revisão sistemática realizada para a composição da pesquisa sobre as “vozes” dos professores na construção de currículo com base na cultura digital. A pesquisa se contextualiza na reforma curricular que institui a Base Nacional Comum Curricular e dialoga com Sacristán, Bardin e Romanowski para o constructo da análise. Na pesquisa, utilizamos a abordagem quantitativa, tendo como critério a seleção de publicações da temática e abordagem qualitativa, para a análise de conteúdo do material selecionado. Concluímos que os movimentos de reformas curriculares no Brasil e as demandas resultantes dessas mudanças, como as transformações socioculturais frente aos avanços da valorização do professor enquanto intelectual transformador encontram-se distantes da realidade vivida. Por fim, apontamos a necessidade do reconhecimento das vozes dos educadores na construção dos currículos oficiais e a necessidade imanente da discussão sobre o currículo na cultura digital.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE BAKHTIN PARA PENSAR A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE ARTE PARA ALÉM DO CURRÍCULO
Authors: Sosnowski Katyuscia
Published: October 2019

Este estudo se sustenta na teoria do dialogismo de Mikhail Bakhtin para refletir sobre as relações dialógicas em uma experiência na formação de professores de arte que se propõe colaborativa. Na intenção de contribuir com o observatório de formação de professores de arte apresento nesse estudo uma reflexão sobre a potência dos enunciados na linguagem videográfica. Os dados discutidos são de uma pesquisa realizada com estudantes de licenciatura em artes visuais de uma universidade brasileira e uma estadunidense, com vistas a identificar como ocorrem os processos de autoria em experiências de formação colaborativas e a distância não previstas no currículo. À luz de uma perspectiva teórico/metodológica ético-estética, a qual pressupõe uma escuta ética e responsiva, atentamo-nos aos enunciados produzidos em vídeo por esses dois grupos de sujeitos participantes de um projeto de extensão. Os dados foram coletados a partir de videocartas legendadas e discussões em um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. A partir das análises, é possível inferir que os enunciados das videocartas foram construídos a partir de múltiplas vozes nos dois contextos (brasileiro e estadunidense) conectando e movimentando os elos da cadeia dialógica. Promovendo ressonâncias no diálogo dos sujeitos e produzindo sentido entre eles. Há de se considerar também o impacto desse projeto no currículo de ambos os cursos, no que tange a curricularização da extensão e nos programas de licenciaturas internacionais .
CURSOS DE LICENCIATURA EM ARTES VISUAIS NA BAHIA: diálogos entre UFBA, UNIVASF e UFOB
Authors: Pedrosa Vasconcelos Flávia Maria de Brito
Published: October 2019

Este texto busca descrever e aprofundar relações de construção dos currículos das licenciaturas em Artes Visuais na Bahia, tendo como foco encontros e discussões assim como entendimentos conceituais sobre o que vem a ser o currículo desde as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais homologadas em 2015. Por fim, busca tecer laços interinstitucionais entre UFBA, UNIVASF e UFOB na revisão sobre a formação de professores de Artes Visuais no estado, de forma não somente a atender perspectivas contemporâneas, mas de promover um espaço amplo de formação que reflita como caminho crítico no exercício e na responsabilidade da formação de docentes para espaços formais e não-formais de ensino.
FEMINISMO JURÍDICO: UM CAMPO DE REFLEXÃO E AÇÃO EM PROL DO EMPODERAMENTO JURÍDICO DAS MULHERES
Authors: Silva Salete Maria Da
Published: October 2019

Este artigo discute o feminismo jurídico, entendido como um campo de reflexão teórica e de prática jurídica feminista. O objetivo principal é facilitar a aproximação de estudantes e profissionais do Direito com o tema em apreço, estimulando mudanças de perspectiva e ações democráticas e emancipatórias em favor das mulheres na referida seara. Trata-se do resultado de uma longa pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter bibliográfico e documental, orientada, autoetnograficamente, pela memória, trajetória, curiosidade e experiência da autora, como docente, pesquisadora e advogada feminista. Os argumentos estão distribuídos em quatro tópicos sequenciais, assim denominados: contextualizando o tema; da crítica feminista ao Direito à teoria feminista do Direito; feminismo jurídico; empoderamento jurídico feminino, pensando, especialmente, nas mulheres oriundas das camadas populares e diversas.
TRABALHADORES HOMOSSEXUAIS, CONTROLE DE CONVENCIONALIDADE, SUSTENTABILIDADE E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Ribeiro Breno Lucas Carvalho , Teixeira Carolina De Souza Novaes Gomes
Published: October 2019

A presente pesquisa baseia-se na metodologia teórica documental do tipo dedutiva, com técnicas de natureza qualitativa e análise doutrinária e legal. A partir disso, é evidente que o viés da globalização inclusiva perpassa pela concepção contemporânea do Direito Internacional do Trabalho de promover o “Trabalho Decente” em vários países membros da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT). Isso ocorre por meio do combate da discriminação e do preconceito aos trabalhadores homossexuais, à promoção da igualdade de oportunidades e tratamento de gênero e raça no trabalho. Assim, em consonância com a cidadania e a inclusão como responsabilidade social, a presente pesquisa objetiva apresentar uma visão panorâmica dos Direitos Humanos, da Constituição da República de 1988 (CR/88) e da OIT. A organização e outros membros internacionais, dessa forma, contribuíram para as conquistas advindas da Declaração de Princípios e Direitos Fundamentais no Trabalho de 1988 para o constante processo de reconhecimento e de efetivação dos direitos humanos dos trabalhadores homossexuais em âmbito internacional e para a sustentabilidade
THE EXAMINATION OF COMPETENCE: COMPETENCE IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION
Authors: Mafi Homayoun , Khademi Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2019

The arbitration clause implies the agreement of the parties' will to concede (assign) the existing or future dispute into arbitration, thus, in accordance with the law, the inevitable basis is to establish the referee's authority and jurisdiction and the influence of his/her verdict. Therefore, the formation of a court of arbitration and the issuance of a ruling requires that the existence and the validity of the contract of referral the matter to arbitration is acceptable to the parties. Although the parties may find a dispute (difference) in the existence and validity of the arbitration agreement, it is also likely that one of the parties denies or invalidates the existence of the arbitration agreement. In such a hypothesis, the formation of an arbitration authority and its review will entail consideration of the dispute before it. For this reason, one of the important issues that may arise in arbitration is the determination of the competent authority dealing with a dispute that may arise between the parties as to the existence or validity of the arbitration convention or jurisdiction. The issue of competency assessment (Competence - Competence), which improves the efficiency of the arbitral institution, can be seen in the most legal systems. Whether the arbitral tribunal has the merit of deciding whether to qualify under the terms of the arbitral agreement is a question that has long been addressed in the arbitration law as the competence to determine jurisdiction