bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approbation of the Methodology for Studying the Frequency and Intensity of Existential Fears in Adolescents 15–17 years’ Old
Authors: Turik E. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of the growth of high-intensity fears among adolescents over the past year, and their identification with the help of its own psychodiagnostic technique. The study fills the lack of scientific works on studying the manifestation of fears in adolescents of the older age group.

Purpose. To carry out approbation of the author's questionnaire-questionnaire "Peculiarities of actualization of existential fears of a personality", consisting of closed and open-ended questions, taking into account the difference between this methodology and other methods aimed at studying actual fears of a personality.

Materials and Methods.  The study was conducted with the involvement of high school students as respondents, a total of 98 people took part in the study. As a result of the study it was found that all boys and girls aged 15-17 have fears, but their distribution in terms of number, frequency and intensity differs in different gender groups. To confirm the adequacy of the integrative indicator "fear intensity", the methods "Life Satisfaction Scale" and "Death Anxiety Scale" were used. The Mann-Whitney U-criterion was used to confirm the reliability of differences between groups.

Results. Content analysis of the open questions of the author's questionnaire-questionnaire made it possible to identify factors influencing the emergence and development of fears, their frequency and intensity, ways to overcome fears and understanding of the negative impact of high-intensity frequent fears by adolescents, as well as their need for professional psychological help.

Discussion. This technique can be used as a screening tool to identify the frequency and intensity of fears in different gender and age groups, used for different purposes, including the identification of persons in need of further psychologically corrective work, which will prevent the development of existential fears of high intensity or reduce the intensity of these fears, which, in turn, will help to avoid distress associated with pathological fears, leading to possible personality maladaptation.
Sanakirjojen merkityskuvausta selvittämässä
Authors: Sivonen Jari
Published: December 2023

Arvioitu teos:
Nina Kamppi: Kielentutkimus ja leksikografinen merkityksen kuvaus. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto 2023. 256 s. isbn 978-951-51-9320-9. Saatavilla verkossa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-51-9321-6.
Leveraging Classroom Management Technology GoGuardian Teacher to Keep Students Engaged in the Midst of Distractions
Authors: Pungong Cyprian Sohpouh
Published: December 2023

Recent discussions about the use of technology in schools have underscored the importance of controlling students’ off-task behaviors enabled by digital media. This generic qualitative study aimed to investigate if the specialized technology GoGuardian Teacher assists educators in delivering instruction while keeping students on task. Sixteen certified South Carolinian public high school teachers were purposively sampled for this research. Semi-structured interviews and observation field notes aided in data collection. Interviews were conducted either virtually on Zoom or face-to-face. Qualitative data from interviews were automatically recorded and transcribed, manually coded, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The findings revealed that GoGuardian Teacher effectively supported teachers in guiding students’ online activities, helping them stay on the path of productivity. Through GoGuardian technology, teachers communicated lesson resources and updates on assignments, added human elements to remote instruction, and provided scaffolded instructions to learners. Recommendations to empower teachers via professional development to unlock the tool’s full potential are essential.
Evaluation of the Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Adherent Activity of Pogostemon Cablin’s Essential Oil Against Klebsiella Pneumoniae
Authors: Santos Vinícius Rocha Lima , De Oliveira Filho Abrahão Alves , Dos Anjos Raline Mendonça , Da Penha Elizandra Silva , Guenes Gymenna Maria Tenório , Da Costa Figueiredo Camila Helena Machado , Da Silva Emanoel Alves , De Oliveira Elaine Bezerra , Da Silva Roberta Gomes Pereira , Nóbrega Lara Mayanne Moreira de Oliveira , De Araújo Ozanna Soares Medeiros , De Araújo Iano Goveia
Published: December 2023

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an example of a microorganism that does not belong to the oral biofilm in a state of health but is present in cases of infection, especially nosocomial infections. The high virulence and resistance of this bacterium to various forms of antimicrobial treatment represent a major concern in the hospital environment, as it is responsible for a high number of deaths of hospitalized patients under mechanical ventilation, so the search for new drugs that are effective in treating this bacterium is extremely important. Natural products, especially essential oils, have considerable therapeutic activities in antimicrobial treatments. A good example is Pogostemon cablin, which has antimicrobial, anti-adherent, and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the possible antimicrobial potential of the essential oil extracted from Pogostemon cablin against strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), which was determined using the microdilution technique in plates containing 96 sterile holes with positive control, the antimicrobial chloramphenicol. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was read 48 hours after the MIC, using plates with 96 holes. After the reading, it was found that the essential oil of Pogostemon cablin had a 50% MIC of 512 μg/mL against the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains tested, making it a strong bacteriostatic. It was therefore possible to observe the antibacterial potential of Pogostemon cablin essential oil against the K. pneumoniae strains tested.
Derivative Suit of a Shareholder: Direct and Representative Models
Authors: Kiparenko A.Yu.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the critical analysis of the currently prevailing qualification of a derivative suit of a shareholder as a representative suit. The analyzed arguments in support of such a variant of the legal construction of a derivative suit seem unconvincing since granting a shareholder claiming a derivative suit the status of corporation’s representative not only does not allow solving a number of practical problems, but also leads to the creation of additional ones. On the contrary, the concept of a derivative suit as a direct suit, according to which the owner of the subjective right to such a claim should be recognized as a shareholder himself, is distinguished by its dogmatic simplicity and practicality, allowing the incidents arising around the construction of an indirect claim to be fairly resolved. The above allowed the author to come to the conclusion about the possibility of revising the prevailing view of the representative nature of a derivative suit. Keywords: derivative suit; direct suit; representative suit; corporation.
Formação continuada na perspectiva inclusiva pela via da pesquisa e extensão: as funções mediadoras da relação teoria e prática na constituição de grupos de estudo-reflexão
Authors: Lima de Almeida Mariangela , Vidal da Silva Nazareth , Baumgartem França Bárbara Rebecca , Lemos Leal Reis Marcela
Published: December 2023

A formação continuada na perspectiva inclusiva em articulação com a pesquisa e extensão é o objeto de análise deste estudo qualitativo. A necessidade de relações partindo da colaboração, estabelecidas entre universidade e sociedade/escola por meio da pesquisa e extensão, pode contribuir com a produção de conhecimentos que abarquem os contextos sociais. Assim, esta investigação visa analisar a possibilidade para formação continuada de profissionais da educação na perspectiva da inclusão escolar dos alunos público-alvo da educação especial, mediante a constituição de grupos de estudo-reflexão em parceria entre universidade e redes de ensino municipais. Os presentes dados vinculam-se a um grupo de pesquisa – registrado no Diretório de Pesquisa do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – que, desde 2013, realiza pesquisa e extensão pela formação continuada na perspectiva inclusiva. Empregou-se como referencial teórico-metodológico a pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica, fundamentada na racionalidade comunicativa e em funções mediadoras da relação teoria e prática de Jürgen Habermas. Os grupos de estudo-reflexão em análise constituíram-se com gestores de educação especial e profissionais das redes de ensino, pesquisadores, professores e estudantes de uma universidade federal. Os dados indicam a possibilidade de desenvolver e implementar processos para formação continuada mediante o viés emancipatório, democraticamente, produzindo conhecimentos pela autorreflexão.
Features of Consciousness of the Subject of Traditional Culture through the Prism of Modern Metamorphoses (On the Example of Chechen Society)
Authors:   Chechen State Pedagogical University, Sugaipova Elina I. , Taramova Madina S. ,   Chechen State University
Published: December 2023

The article examines topical issues of transformation of consciousness of the subject of traditional culture (Chechen society). It analyzes the historical and cultural processes that determine the vector of social con-sciousness formation of the Chechen society. It is observed that ethnicity and religion have been synthesized in the development of the consciousness of a cultural subject, in this case Chechen society. A sociological survey was conducted in order to identify the ratio of ethnic and religious in the consciousness of the subject of tradi-tional culture and to establish the factors that caused the transformation of his consciousness. The relevance of the research stems from the severity of the crisis of the ethnic and religious aspects of the consciousness of the subject of traditional culture, as well as explained by the importance of the search for further safe path of de-velopment. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that it is necessary to ensure an optimal correlation between ethnic and religious values in the human consciousness.
Peculiarities of Gender Characteristics in the Game Related Phenomenon of Crossplay
Authors:   Pyatigorsk State University, Samoylova Elena O.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the analysis of the representation of gender in game related phenomenon of “crossplay”, which involves impersonation as a character of the opposite sex, or attempts to try on the image of a character in a computer game, anime or film, which is gender different from the one originally presented in one or an-other fictional story narrative. The author analyzes the phenomena of M2F, F2M, gender bender and try to show the correlation of these everyday practices both with some problems of self-identification of a modern person living in contexts of fluid identity, oversaturated with the meanings of the modern cultural space, and with the complexity of the computer-game narrative, the convergence of gaming, animation and cinematic types of nar-rative representation of the fictional world and its heroes. The author draws conclusions about the “removal” of problems of self-identification in the phenomenon of cosplay, its special specificity among other types of eve-ryday practices.
The Formation of North Caucasian Historiography in the 20–30s of the XX Century: From the First Works on the History of Science to the Organization of Scientific Centers
Authors:   Adygea State University, Abregova Zhanna O. , Pocheshkhov Nurbiy A. ,   Adygea State University, Shkhachemukov Rustam M. ,   Adygea State University
Published: December 2023

In the historiography of the 20–30s of the XX century, the problem of the development of scientific centers, as well as the formation of scientific intelligentsia in the regions, began to take shape as an independent direction. In the North Caucasus, this problem was organically connected with the study of the natural productive forces of national regions and with the tasks of their economic development, which was determined by the course of the Soviet power. During these years, the first publications on the history of the organization of scientific re-search in the region began to be published. The scientific centers established in the North Caucasus planned their work on the basis of maximum connection with the economic, commercial and cultural needs of the na-tional regions. The prospective plans of research institutes included topics that were most relevant to the prac-tice of socialist construction in the national regions during the period under study.
Specifics of the Nobility’s Landownership in the North Caucasus in the Second Half of the XIX – Early XX Centuries
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Chikaeva Karina S.
Published: December 2023

The article studies the specific features of the nobility's landownership in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries in the North Caucasus region. The author examines the various stages of its existence in the region, starting from its inception after the annexation of the region to the Russian Empire to the gradual liquidation of its various forms by the early XX century. Various aspects of this process are investigated, and its regional specificity, inherent exclusively in the North Caucasus as an annexed Russian territory, is revealed. The rele-vance of the study is due to the fact that agriculture and farming are still the most important areas of public poli-cy of the country, designed to ensure its independence and self-sufficiency as one of the world's leading world powers. In this regard, the experience of farming, its advanced achievements, mistakes and miscalculations may well be used in the development of modern state policy in the field of agriculture as the basis of Russia's food security. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the author, based on historical material, for the first time tried to trace the dialectical complexity of the development of the nobility landownership in the North Caucasus from the second half of the XIX to the early XX century.
On the Question of the Formation and Organization of Socialist Competitions and “Shock Work” in the Collective Farms of the South of Russia in the 1930s (Part 1)
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Khronova Irina A.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the practice of the formation and introduction of socialist competitions and shock-work in the labor sphere of the Soviet peasantry in the South of Russia. The aim of the study is to analyze the docu-mentary evidence of socialist competitions and shock-work, which took place in the collective farms of the Don and Kuban in the 1930s, to trace the presence of positive and negative factors that influenced these labor movements. The review of archival documents, publications, monographs and statistical data together allows to identify all the subjects of labor involved in this process, as well as to evaluate more closely the forms of so-cialist competition, highlighting a clear class line and political dictate. The relevance of the study is caused by the growing attention to the traditional values of Russian society, among which creative labor occupies an im-portant place.
Mass Holidays in the Daily Life of the Population of Urban Settlements of Arctic Yakutia 1950–1980-s (Based on the Materials of the Verkhoyansky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))
Authors:   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North,  Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Astakhova Irina S.
Published: December 2023

In the article, in historical retrospect, mass holidays characteristic of the Verkhoyansk district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are considered. This area acts as a model territory, where it is possible to trace the formation of local features of the Soviet festive culture. On the one hand, it is the territory of residence of indigenous peo-ples, carriers of the cultural code of nomads and reindeer herders. At the same time, it is a zone of industrial development, where during the Soviet period there was a constant increase in the number of newcomer’s pop-ulation. At the junction of ethnic traditions of different peoples, it is possible to trace the processes of accultura-tion, and in a long chronological period to see the elements of transformation of festive culture. The author, based on the analysis of various historical sources, identified local mass holidays, traced the development of the holiday, noted the local characteristics of each. It is emphasized that public festivities not only brightened life in remote settlements of Arctic Yakutia, but also united the society.
Public History in the Urban Space: Symbolic Resource of the Past and Cultural Capital
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Gorin Dmitry G.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the role of public history in the development of modern city’s cultural capital. Public history is defined in terms of the peculiarities of its tools, which contribute to the involvement of the symbolic resource of the past in current cultural communications and the accumulation of cultural capital of urban local communi-ties. Cultural capital is understood not only in the context of assessing the city’s cultural resources, but also their involvement in the production of public goods and flows of communications and services. The development of cultural capital is described in the context of three interrelated aspects of urban space: practical, imaginary and lived. The necessity to actualize the symbolic resource of the past and its use in improving the quality of urban environment is caused by the increased competition of modern cities for the most active and qualified resi-dents.
Culturological Aspect of Studying the Issue of International Terrorism
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod (Arzamas Branch), Nabilkina Larisa N.
Published: December 2023

The article touches upon the issue of international terrorism from culturological point of view. Such an ap-proach allows us to understand the specificity of ethnic mentality, trace the origins and causes of terrorist moti-vation. One of the most important factors that turned terrorism into a problem, the author considers globaliza-tion. Globalization has allowed terrorists to commit crimes in almost any part of the globe. The article empha-sizes the cultural motives of terrorism, particularly the “native-alien” opposition. The cultural motivations for ter-rorism lie in the realm of cultural differences. For terrorists, only the life of their fellow tribesman or like-minded person is valuable. The life of the “alien” is of no significance, and his death causes no remorse or regret. Closely related to cultural motives are religious ones. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that terrorism is based on political, ideological and religious issues, which, in turn, are of an economic and cultural nature.
Pattern Weaving: Cultural Context and Technological Practices
Authors:   Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, Chervyakov Vyacheslav V.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the influence that traditional craft culture has on the life of our ancestors. It describes the history and significance of traditional weaving and plaiting in the cultural traditions of peasants. Particular atten-tion is paid to various technologies and methods of traditional weaving and weaving belts (using the example of describing the characteristic features of the Lipetsk region belts). Attention is focused on the specifics of methods for performing patterned weaving, mastering the techniques of weaving, tugging, and weaving belts on planks and reeds. Tools and devices necessary for the weaving process are described in detail, as well as the decoration of woven products, their further decoration with tassels. Ultimately, the article concludes on the importance of preserving and promoting traditional handloom weaving and basketry in the context of cultural heritage. The author emphasizes the need to preserve traditional technologies and adapt them to the modern era.
Dialectics of Social Transformation of Man in Modern Society
Authors:   Cherepovets State University, Artemenkov Alexey A.
Published: December 2023

This article reveals the dialectical essence of the process of human transformation in modern society from the perspective of the theory of evolution. The cephalization of modern man is presented by the author from the position of one of the principles of Hegelian dialectics – as a process of transition of quantitative changes into qualitative ones. And the human brain, in this case, acts as a new material basis and a new level of conscious reflection of reality. The features of the human transformation process are revealed, which include: a person’s acquisition of new personality traits, increased intellectual potential, formation of a new lifestyle, habits, needs and interests. A person’s acquisition of new knowledge is associated with solving more complex problems and a variety of phenomena in social life, which opens up great opportunities for self-improvement. The process of transformation of modern man is discussed, which is associated with a change in a person’s attitude towards information, a change in the ways of processing and extracting it. The cephalization of the human is considered as a process of increasing the level of organization, systematicity and integrity of the brain, increasing the het-erogeneity of its structural elements, the formation of new neural connections and the emergence of many in-tegration centers. The conclusion is made about the dialectical unity of the processes of transformation and cephalization of modern man as an integral living system in constant interaction with the social environment.
Characteristics and related factors of waterborne and foodborne infectious disease outbreaks before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2017–2021) in the Republic of Korea: a descriptive study
Authors: Kim Eunkyoung , Kim Bryan Inho
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The incidence of waterborne and foodborne infectious diseases (WFIDs) continues to increase annually, attracting significant global attention. This study examined trends in WFID outbreaks in the Republic of Korea over the 5-year period before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and provided foundational data to establish measures for the prevention and control of WFID outbreaks.Methods: We analyzed 2,541 WFID outbreaks from 2017 to 2021 (42,805 cases) that were reported through the Integrated Disease Surveillance System of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Outbreaks were defined as the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms in ≥2 individuals within a group with temporal and regional epidemiological associations. The related factors associated with WFID outbreaks during the observation period were statistically analyzed.Results: The total number of WFID outbreaks significantly decreased in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic and increased to the pre-pandemic level in 2021. Different patterns were observed for each pathogen. The incidence of Salmonella outbreaks more than doubled, while norovirus outbreaks decreased significantly.Conclusion: WFID outbreaks in the Republic of Korea showed different patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, influenced by infection control measures and changes in dietary consumption patterns. Outbreaks of some diseases increased, but the infection control measures applied during the pandemic resulted in a significant decrease in the overall number of WFID outbreaks. This highlights the importance of strengthening the management strategies for outbreak prevention through hygiene inspections, long-term monitoring, education, and promotion by conducting multidimensional analyses to understand the complex related factors.
Cambio Climático y Desarrollo sustentable: Incertidumbres y Narrativas
Authors: Stanley Leonardo E.
Published: December 2023

El actual calentamiento que padece nuestro planeta es, sin lugar a duda, resultado del accionar humano. Los cambios en el clima se volverán más recurrentes, y generarán problemas económicos más agudos. El traspasar los límites de la tierra, por otra parte, empuja al clima, así como a la naturaleza, a ámbitos desconocidos: territorios donde prima el no -saber. ¿Cómo tomar decisiones en dicho contexto? La incertidumbre radical nos obliga a tomar decisiones “en la más densa oscuridad”, lugar donde las narrativas pueden proveernos de una explicación para los eventos que no pueden ser explicados.
Transhumanos y cyborgs: fronteras y horizontes en las posibilidades de existencia de las subjetividades híbridas
Authors: Frachea Maria Tamara
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo se propone reflexionar acerca de las fronteras internas y los horizontes que se proyectan a través del movimiento transhumanista y del movimiento cyborg. Ambos actores, cyborgs y transhumanos, se presentan como un tipo de subjetividad híbrida que se origina en la aleación cuerpo/máquina – mente/software. En la presente etapa del capitalismo, los desarrollos científicos y tecnológicos ejercen amplio impacto en las sociedades y en la conformación de los individuos insertos en ellas, en diferentes niveles e intensidad. En este sentido, resulta de interés para el presente, considerar la voz de los actores de ambos movimientos desde una perspectiva que, dentro de los posicionamientos del capitalismo cognitivo, considere en la diferenciación entre cyborgs y transhumanos los distintos enfoques en torno al rol de la ciencia y el progreso tecnológico en las sociedades. Este análisis se propone expandir la mirada hacia nuevas formas de vida, percepciones de sí mismos, de los demás y del mundo alrededor. El conocimiento experto, el desarrollo tecnológico, la información digital y su influencia en las mentes y cuerpos de los individuos, abren las puertas para explorar este tipo de subjetividades que se conforman en la aleación con los mejoras que la tecnología puede ofrecer.
¿El código sigue siendo ley?
Authors: Dávila Joshua , De Filippi Primavera , Lessig Lawrence , Perrone Ignacio
Published: December 2023

En el marco de la conferencia "Blockchain Constitutionalism" (Florencia, Italia, Junio 5 al 7, 2023), Lawrence Lessig reflexiona y discute con Joshua Dávila y Primavera de Filippi, en torno a la vigencia de la idea de Lessig de que en Internet "el código es la ley" (el famoso título de su libro, muy influyente en especial en el mundo cripto), tanto en función de la relación con los valores políticos embebidos en esa arquitectura y su diseño original, como a la luz de nuevos desarrollos, en particular blockchain y las criptomonedas, y en especial la idea del Estado Red y la caja de Pandora de las soberanías en competencia con el Estado tradicional. Una discusión sumamente relevante respecto al rol del código y sus implicancias para la democracia.
políticas de articulación interniveles para favorecer el proceso de inserción en la educación superior. Vivencias y experiencias
Authors: Lis Diana , Tarayre Carolina
Published: December 2023

La pandemia ha golpeado fuertemente a la educación, especialmente al nivel secundario, lo cual refuerza el desafío de la articulación interniveles.

En el contexto actual volátil, incierto, complejo y ambiguo, resulta importante proveer señales y dispositivos que acompañen a los estudiantes que decidan continuar sus trayectorias en el siguiente nivel educativo y en un ámbito institucional nuevo.

La articulación concebida como un marco general de referencia implica un enfoque integrador de la tarea pedagógica que facilita la continuidad de las trayectorias educativas, más allá de las diferencias propias de cada nivel.

Se requieren, entre otras, acciones que permitan a los estudiantes de la escuela secundaria tomar contacto con instituciones y actores del nivel superior, para conocer e informarse sobre el mismo, así como también, generar estrategias de enseñanza y de evaluación interniveles, a fin de que lo enseñado y lo aprendido pueda ser recuperado y utilizado por el estudiante cuando sea necesario.

El objetivo del artículo es presentar la fase inicial de una línea de investigación en desarrollo referida a programas y acciones de articulación secundario/universidad implementadas durante los últimos años. Las acciones que se describen resultan de experiencias vividas, por lo tanto, brindan originalidad dado el aporte de informantes claves.
Aprendiendo a investigar: propuesta de innovación en torno al trabajo final de la Licenciatura en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos
Authors: Patrignani Mariela
Published: December 2023

Estudios previos en torno a la problemática del trabajo final de la Lic. en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos destacaron los limitados espacios en donde se promueva y ejercite el pensamiento crítico, el poco tiempo que se da en las cursadas para la alfabetización académica y la escases de prácticas donde quehacer científico se ejercite como una actividad social.

Basándonos en estos antecedentes, el presente trabajo propone prevenir situaciones de deserción acompañando pedagógicamente a los estudiantes. La presente propuesta de innovación pedagógica incorpora al trabajo final como una parte constitutiva de la carrera y propone el desarrollo de un taller de Trabajo Final que acompañe a los estudiantes durante los últimos años de su vida académica. En este taller los estudiantes definirán el tema central de su trabajo final de grado y aprenderán las convenciones discursivas que aporten a su alfabetización académica. Se plantearán también los mecanismos para un trabajo coordinado entre el taller y las materias curriculares.

Se busca, de esta forma, garantizar el acceso democrático al conocimiento desde el comienzo al final de la vida académica y la incorporación exitosa del reciente profesional al mundo laboral.
Thermal Performance Analysis of U-pipe Evacuated Tube Solar Heater System with and without PCM
Authors: ALali Salah Noori , Abdulateef Jasim , Hassan Qusay , Jaszczur Marek
Published: December 2023

The study presents a comprehensive thermal performance analysis of a U-pipe Evacuated Tube Solar Collector (U-ETSC) system, integrated with Phase Change Material (PCM), for satisfying water demand in domestic applications. The innovative approach of incorporating PCM aims to enhance the system's efficiency during night or off-sunny hours, addressing a common limitation in solar heater systems. The research primarily focuses on the impact of varying mass flow rates of the heat transfer fluid (HTF) on the thermal dynamics of the system. Experimental results reveal that as the mass flow rates of HTF increase from 0.5 to 1 and then to 1.5 liters per minute, there is a notable change in the phase transition times of the PCM. Specifically, the melting time of the PCM is increased by 13% and 16% for the respective flow rates, suggesting a delayed response in energy absorption. Conversely, the solidification time of the PCM is reduced by 16% and 18% respectively, indicating a faster release of stored thermal energy. This behavior underscores the PCM's significant role in stabilizing the system's thermal output during varying solar intensities. The findings of this study highlight the potential of integrating PCM in U-ETSC systems to achieve a more consistent and reliable supply of hot water for domestic purposes, especially during periods when solar irradiance is low or absent.
Establishing in vitro cultures of Pennisetum ‘Vertigo®’ and its shoot multiplication under different LED light quality
Authors: Prokopiuk Barbara , Kapczyńska Anna , Pawłowska Bożena
Published: December 2023

This study provides a method for ornamental grass Pennisetum ‘Vertigo®’ in vitro culture initiation and shoot multiplication under different LED light qualities. The culture was initiated from field-cultivated plants collected from the 1st to 30th October at weekly intervals. Later dates of collecting shoot tips increased the effectiveness of surface disinfection (from 46% on the first date to 93% on the fifth one) and the percentage of regenerating explants (from 34% on the first date to 93% on the fifth one). Disinfection and regeneration results were better for the apical buds than the axillary buds. Soaking explants in nystatin before surface disinfection or using a medium with an antibiotic increased the effectiveness of disinfection (even by 27–46%, depending on the combination) and did not inhibit the regeneration of explants. At the shoot propagation stage, the multiplication rate was twice as high for the shoots originating from the apical buds (5.5 per explant) than for those originating from the axillary buds. The addition of yellow light to the red and blue light (RBY) spectrum increased the multiplication rate, and the addition of green light to the red and blue (RBG) spectrum increased the fresh weight of the shoots. The highest content of chlorophyll a was found in the shoots propagated under RB, as well as RBY and RBG light.
Analysis of the Somatic Cell Pattern in Mastitis - Affected Cows on Three Dairy Farms in Vojvodina
Authors: Tešin Nadežda , Radinović Miodrag , Tomanić Dragana , Ružić Zoran , Stanojević Jovan , Galić Ivan , Kovačević Zorana
Published: December 2023

Somatic cells (SCs) in milk, which include epithelial cells from the gland and blood cells, are present in milk during the normal course of milking. Increase in SCs is found in mastitis-affected dairy cows and can be a useful indicator for estimating mammary health and milk quality worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was a pattern of somatic cell count (SCC) in mastitis-affected cows on three different farms. The study was conducted on three dairy farms of high milk-producing cattle breeds in Vojvodina during 2021. Samples were taken from 15 cows from each farm, all of the cows being diagnosed with clinical and subclinical mastitis. The SCC in milk samples was determined by the microscopic reference method according to the standard (SRPS EN ISO 13366-1:2010) of the Institute for Standardization of Serbia. The value of SCC was considered as high if >200.000 cells/mL, as this is the threshold indicating secretion disorder. In order to examine the differences between the observed three farms, one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied, while a post-hoc LSD test was used for determination of statistically significant differences between the SCC in cows on three different farms. The mean values of the SCC on Farms 1, 2 and 3 were 7,055,266.67, 2,619,893.33 and 552,000 cells/mL, respectively. Based on the results, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was established between Farms 1 and 2, as well as between Farms 1 and 3, while there was no statistically significant difference between Farms 2 and 3. Apart from mastitis, differences in the SCC on the farms could also be influenced by the cows’ productivity, parity, lactation stage and breed, as well as poor management practices. Besides mastitis control, better hygiene and proper nutrition can help in reducing SCs in milk. In conclusion, establishing SCs pattern can provide useful information that may contribute to reducing SCs and developing differential SCs standards to help obtain milk with low SCs and consequently better dairy products with a longer shelf life.
Molecular Characterization of Mare Families in the Serbian Population of the Lipizzan Horse
Authors: Zorc Minja , Dovč Peter , Štrbac Ljuba , Šaran Momčilo , Trivunović Snežana
Published: December 2023

The Lipizzan horse breed was established in the 16th century in Lipica and later spread throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In addition to six classical stallion lines, 17 classical mare family lines were established in the old Lipica stud. Additional 44 mare family lines, including local lines, were established in other Lipizzan studs. The founders of the classical Lipizzan mare family lines date back to the period between the 18th and 20th century and came from various breeds, including the Karst, Spanish, Italian, Kladruber and Arabian horses. The history of the Lipizzan mare family lines is well described and supported by the availability of 44 nucleotide sequences of the mtDNA control region. In this study, the mtDNA control region of 23 Serbian Lipizzans, representing the established Lippizan mare family lines, as well as the local mare family line Zora, have been sequenced. The objective of this study was to test whether the Zora mare family line could be distinguished from other Lipizzan mare family lines according to the mtDNA sequence. Sequences were aligned to the entire set of mtDNA control region sequences representing 44 Lipizzan mtDNA haplotypes. Based on the alignment, a median-joining network was constructed. The individuals in this study formed a cluster with the existing Lipizzan mare family lines. However, a total of ten individuals belonging to the local Zora mare family line formed a compact cluster close to the mtDNA haplotypes, representing the classical mare family lines Wera, Betalka, and Monteaura. Additional pedigree data are needed to clarify the origin of the mtDNA haplotype variant identified in this study.
Pig-Typical Gene Pool Characteristics in Wild Boars from Vojvodina, Serbia: A Study of Genetic Diversity, Differentiation, Assignment, and Admixture
Authors: Böheim Denise , Veličković Nevena , Djan Mihajla , Stefanović Milomir , Žikić Dragan , Suchentrunk Franz
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to examine whether and to what extent wild boars, Sus scrofa, from Vojvodina, Serbia, exhibited pig-typical gene pool characteristics. We used 16 microsatellite markers that have already been proven to distinguish between wild boars from eastern Austria and pigs. We screened genotypes of 21 wild boars from Vojvodina, 20 Mangulica (Serbian Managaliza) and 4 Hungarian Mangaliza as well as 48 commercial slaughter pig (CSP) samples. The wild boars exhibited relatively high genetic diversity, but no significant spatial structuring across Vojvodina. Our analyses of factorial correspondence, Bayesian assignment, as well as genetic structure and admixture demonstrated a clear distinction between wild boars, Mangulica, Hungarian Mangaliza, and CSPs. The latter were characterized by admixture of variable portions of six genetic clusters, while wild boars, Mangulica, and Hungarian Mangaliza were characterized largely by single genetic clusters, respectively; that finding was in strong contrast to earlier results showing presence of several genetic clusters in Austrian wild boars but only one cluster in CSPs. Two (9.5%) of the wild boar samples were massively introgressed by CSPs (or represented pig samples, possibly due to sample confusion). All wild boars harbored at least very small portions of pig-typical gene pool characteristics, supposedly representing signals of historical introgressions or incomplete gene pool differentiation during domestication. Mangulica-typical signals were also found in the wild boars, but at a significantly lower level than CSP-signals. A more comprehensive data set may reveal possible hot spots of introgression by Mangulica or CSPs in wild boars from Vojvodina, particularly when accompanied by other molecular markers, such as mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences or SNPs.
Influence of Environmental Pollution on Animal Behavior
Authors: Relić Renata , Đukić-Stojčić Mirjana
Published: December 2023

Animals, like humans, act according to physiological patterns of behavior that change in response to various internal and external stimuli. Environmental pollutants represent “negative” stimuli and stressors. Air pollution is among pollution sources that pose the greatest threat to the environment and all living organisms. Exposure to pollutants causes behavioral changes in animals and disruption of organ functions and structures, which are often identical to those of humans working or living under the same conditions as animals (e.g., on a farm or in a city). Aside from a shorter life span and possible premature death, there are some diseases which commonly occur as a result of the exposure. Symptoms indicative of a disease or irritation, such as coughing, lameness, diarrhea, eye discharge and the like, cause the animal to make movements (actions) that are not part of their normal physiological routine and are considered behavioral changes. Behavioral changes are the earliest indicator that the animal is suffering from physical or mental disorders that can negatively affect its health and, in the case of livestock, production results. Various animal species serve as indicators of pollution, and domestic animals, including farm animals, can also serve this purpose. Behavioral changes resulting from exposure to various pollutants include disorientation, problems interacting with humans and other animals, reproductive problems, respiratory, digestive symptoms, etc. This review compiled data from a number of studies on changes in animal behavior after short or long exposure to various environmental pollutants. The focus was on the effects of air pollutants on animals, which are of particular importance to humans as they share living or working space with the animals or breed them for economic interest.
Evaluation of the Breeding Value of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykkiss) for Body Development Traits Using a Linear Model
Authors: Golubović Vukosav , Stanojević Dragan , Stanković Marko , Vukojević Dalibor , Marjanović Stefan , Đedović Radica , Marković Zoran
Published: December 2023

The objective of this research is to assess the breeding value of male individuals and calculate heritability values for body weight and body length at 12 months of age in the rainbow trout population in the Republic of Serbia. The study utilized data on the physical development of trout obtained through the Center for Fisheries and Applied Hydrobiology “Mali Dunav”, Experimental Estate “Radmilovac” of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade (CEFAH) Breeding Program for rainbow trout in the Republic of Serbia. The fish were raised in individual tanks under tightly controlled conditions at the CEFAH, until they reached 5 months of age. At this point, the fish were marked (with PIT tags Norway) and transferred to commercial fish farms, where monitoring of their production results continued. To estimate the breeding value for body weight and body length of rainbow trout at 12 months of age, we analyzed data collected between 2016 and 2020, which included a total of 2014 individuals. The breeding values were estimated using a sire model. The mixed model incorporated fixed effects (spawning year and sex) and a random effect for the individual sire. The heritability estimate at 12 months of age was 0.44 for body weight, and 0.45 for body length. The breeding values were estimated for 107 sires, with body weight values ranging from −37.83 to +37.83 g and body length values ranging from −14.00 to +14.00 mm. The substantial variation observed within the studied rainbow trout population suggests the potential for further genetic improvement. The high heritability values confirm that further selection can be based on the phenotype. The inclusion of high-quality and validated males in breeding programs will contribute to the enhancement of production characteristics within the existing rainbow trout population in Serbia.
Proteolytic Changes During Ripening Of Kučki Cheese
Authors: Jokanović Olga , Radonjić Dušica , Đokić Milena , Mirecki Slavko , Marković Božidarka
Published: December 2023

Production of various traditional dairy products, particularly cheese, has a long history in Montenegro. White-brined cheeses are the most well-known. One of them is Kučki cheese, with distinct flavor and higher level of proteolysis. The aim of this research was to analyze the proteolysis process during ripening of Kučki cheese. The cheese is produced using traditional technology. FTIR Spectrophotometry was used to calculate the amount of total protein in cheese (IDF141C: 2000). The degree of proteolysis was determined by SDS PAGE (Laemmli, 1970). The cheese was examined for their water-soluble nitrogen (WSN) content using Kuchroo and Fox’s method from 1982, as well as their 5% phosphotungstic acid soluble nitrogen (PTAN) content using Stadhouser’s method from 1960. The results were expressed as percentages of WSN and PTAN of the total nitrogen matter (WSN/TN and PTAN/TN), as well as PTAN as a percentage of WSN (PTAN/WSN). All analyses were done on 10th, 20th and 30th day of cheese ripening. Four samples of cheese were analyzed for each ripening period. The content of proteins increased during the ripening period. The parameters that determine the process of proteolysis increased during the first 30 days of ripening. The WSN/TN ranged from 13.33 to 44.32%. Also, PTAN/WSN varied from 3.79 to 21.57%. The initial results show that uneven ripening conditions have a direct impact on how proteolytic changes develop throughout ripening. Due to the absence of established cheese-making procedures, Kučki cheese has a considerable degree of heterogeneity in their protein content and proteolysis parameters. However, it is not possible to strictly define the optimal values of the degree of ripening for Kučki cheese. In order to reach certain conclusions, it is necessary to carry out further studies focusing on analyzing a larger number of samples.
Heritability and Repeatability Estimates for Milk Production Traits Using Phenotypic, Pedigree-Based and Genomic Data of Serbian Holstein Cows
Authors: Štrbac Ljuba , Dedović Nebojša , Trivunović Snežana , Janković Dobrila , Šaran Momčilo , Stanojević Dragan , Đedović Radica , Pracner Doni
Published: December 2023

This research aims to estimate heritability and repeatability based on the data on milk production traits (MY – milk yield; FY – milk fat yield; FC – milk fat content; PY – milk protein yield and PC – milk protein content) as well as pedigree and genomic information. A total of 6,041 animals were included in the research, while 2,565 of them had data for milk production traits. In order to form a genomic relationship matrix, 58K SNP data were used for a total of 1,491 cows. Several software tools were used in the preparation and analysis of data, which were provided by the Central Breeding Organization, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad. PreGSF90, in combination with RENUMF90, was used for quality control of genomic information. Genetic analysis was performed in WOMBAT software by the REML using standard repeatability univariate analysis (BLUPpe) and repeatability models for genomic prediction (GBLUPpe and ssGBLUPpe). In all three analyses, the highest heritability (0.410, 0.378 and 0.389, respectively) and repeatability (0.449, 0.429 and 0.440, respectively) were calculated for FC. Heritability estimates for all other traits were lower. Heritability ranged from 0.158 to 0.185 for MY, from 0.166 to 0.178 for FY, from 0.141 to 0.154 for PY and from 0.135 to 0.221 for PC. Heritability estimates indicate that it is possible to achieve genetic improvement but it is necessary to introduce the best model for prediction of breeding values of cow.