bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA CÁC CHỈ SỐ MŨI ỨNG DỤNG TRONG PHẪU THUẬT TẠO HÌNH VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH THÁI VÙNG MŨI MẶT Ở NGƯỜI VIỆT TRÊN 18 TUỔI
Authors: Hồ Nguyễn Anh Tuấn , Trần Đăng Khoa , Phan Trần Thanh Phương , Pham Trọng Trọng , Nguyễn Thanh Vân
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Mũi là một trong những đơn vị thẩm mỹ của mặt, mang tính quyết định đến thẩm mỹ của toàn bộ khuôn mặt. Mục tiêu: Xác định số đo trung bình của các chỉ số mũi và mối liên quan giữa các chỉ số này với các đặc điểm hình thái vùng mũi mặt. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang khảo sát trên sinh viên đang học tại trường Đại học Y khoa Phạm Ngọc Thạch từ tháng 5/2020 – tháng 01/2021, thực hiện đo các chỉ số nhân trắc mũi bằng phương pháp đo gián tiếp qua ảnh kỹ thuật số bằng phần mềm Image J tại Trường Đại học sư phạm kỹ thuật TP Hồ Chí Minh. Kết quả: Trong tổng số 182 sinh viên tham gia, tỉ lệ nữ giới chiếm 55,5%, độ tuổi dao động từ 20 đến 26 tuổi với trung bình là 22 tuổi. Hầu hết sinh viên có dạng mặt nghiêng trước 97,8%. Về dạng sống mũi thì không có dạng mũi gãy, tỉ lệ sinh viên có mũi gồ chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất với 53,3%, mũi thẳng với 42,3%. Tỉ số Baum trung bình là 1,72 ± 0,33 và tỉ số Goode trung bình là 0,51 ± 0,07. Chiều dài sống mũi gấp 2,35 lần và chiều cao gốc mũi bằng 0,48 lần so với độ nhô đỉnh mũi. Tỉ số Baum và Goode có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa các dạng mặt. Tỉ số giữa chiều cao sống mũi với độ nhô đỉnh mũi và các tỉ số Crumley 1 và Crumley 2 có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa các dạng sống mũi (p < 0,05). Kết luận: Các chỉ số mũi có liên quan chặt chẽ với các đặc điểm hình thái vùng mũi mặt. Các bác sĩ phẫu thuật tạo hình thẩm mỹ mũi ngoài việc đo đạc theo các chỉ số mũi lý tưởng thì cần cân nhắc thêm các đặc điểm hình thái vùng mũi mặt của bệnh nhân để có thể mang lại hiệu quả thẩm mỹ tốt nhất.
Contradições da dinâmica urbana: simbologias dos excluídos frente à história colonial nos bairros do Recife e Santo Antônio
Authors: Andrade Maria Vitoria , Silva Ester Claudino Gomes da , Silva Guilherme Francisco da
Published: July 2024

A cidade do Recife quando colocada em análise mostra os diversos “recifes” que a compõem. Este trabalho visa compreender as dinâmicas e transformações espaciais sobre a paisagem vivida da cidade como também atrelar o contexto histórico às mudanças ocorridas no espaço urbano. A pesquisa em questão se realiza pelo estudo de caso, com viés descritivo-exploratório. Através do trabalho em campo foi identificado que a organização espacial da cidade possui uma lógica de exclusão e apagamento de minorias sociais, acentuando as desigualdades e fragmentações do espaço urbano.
Dinâmica espacial: antigas e novas formas de metropolização
Authors: Araújo Marny Pessoa Silva de Araújo , Andrade Ana Paula Guedes de Andrade
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo trazer uma discussão acerca da metrópole, bem como do processo de metropolização, que  tem contribuído para a transformação do espaço urbano e rural, o qual se encontra cada vez mais integrado a esse. Percebe-se, dentre as características das mudanças espaciais, a expansão urbana por meio da formação de áreas de tecido urbano na periferia de algumas cidades, em descontinuidade ao já existente, ao mesmo tempo em que se observa a formação de novos núcleos em pontos isolados entre várias cidades. Para fins deste trabalho, entende-se dinâmica espacial como um processo de transformação do espaço, tratado pelas teorias do planejamento urbano. Faz-se necessário identificar e rever conceitos e teorias que se relacionam com as transformações espaciais, o que aqui se denomina de antigas e novas formas de metropolização. Este artigo revisita os conceitos: Urbanização Contemporânea, Configuração das Regiões Metropolitanas do Brasil e Processo Emergente de Urbanização Estendida. Por fim, há muito em que se avançar nessa temática, demandando novas formas de pensar e problematizar o planejamento urbano e regional, através de profundos debates, a cerca de definição de conceitos e parâmetros que orientem a identificação e institucionalização de espaços decorrentes de dinâmicas no entorno das RMs.
Dinâmicas da produção musical popular no Recife: o punk e o brega em meio às novas tecnologias
Authors: Gomes dos Santos Marco Antônio , Freire Costa Luan Glauco
Published: July 2024

O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar a dinâmica de produção musical no Recife-PE, abordando dois movimentos, aparentemente contraditórios, que são o brega e suas variantes, mormente considerados como cultura de massa, e o movimento punk, tido geralmente como uma subcultura ou contracultura em oposição ao capitalismo e à realidade social vigente. A indústria cultural, em uma concepção mais recente baseada em Duarte (2014), compreende não apenas a produção controlada por grandes conglomerados, mas também, a partir das novas tecnologias, a retomada da produção cultural por aqueles que são enquadrados como “populares”. Essa nova dinâmica proposta pelo autor como Indústria Cultural 2.0. Partindo da chegada da indústria musical no Recife, realizamos a análise das dinâmicas de produção desses movimentos que embora antagônicos, partilham semelhanças na produção e distribuição de seus produtos. A metodologia empregada foi a análise bibliográfica sobre o tema, bem como entrevistas realizadas com produtores culturais. Como resultado, encontramos pontos de contato entre formas musicais bastante distintas tanto em objetivo, como em concepções acerca de suas representações sobre a realidade.
Gıda ve Enerji Üretimini Birleştiren Arazilerde Verimlilik Analizi: Komşuköy Agrivoltaik Çiftlik Modeli
Authors: Şentürk Bilge , Kuzyaka Duygu , Yalçın Ömer , Akyıldız Uğur M. , Eröz Murat , Özden Talat
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Enerjisa Üretim ortaklığıyla İstanbul, Türkiye’de kurulan ilk yükseltilmiş sabit panel sistemine sahip Komşuköy Agrivoltaik Çiftlik sahasında gerçekleştirilen tarım ve enerji üretim faaliyetlerini inceleyen bu çalışmanın temel amacı, arazinin ikili kullanımı (elektrik ve biyokütle üretimi) sonucunda arazi verimliliğindeki değişimi ortaya koymaktır.
Yöntem: Arazi verimliliğinin hesaplamasında esas alınan yöntem “arazi eş değer oranı (LER)”dır.
Bulgular: Agrivoltaik sistemde arazi eşdeğer oranının (LER) farklı bitki türlerine göre 1,33 ve 3,30 arasında değiştiği; buna göre agrivoltaik sistemlerin, gıda ve elektrik üretiminin ayrı arazilerde gerçekleştirildiği durumlara göre %33-%230 arasında daha az arazi varlığına ihtiyaç duyduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Özgünlük: Komşuköy Agrivoltaik Çiftlik, Türkiye’de sabit çift-yüzlü panel sistemi ile tasarlanmış öncül bir agrivoltaik uygulama alanıdır. Ülkemizde agrivoltaik sistemlerin performansını verimlilik yaklaşımı ile değerlendiren ilk araştırma olarak diğer pilot çalışmalarından temel farkı; biyoçeşitlilik ve ilaçsız tarıma yönelik sürdürülebilir tarım tekniklerine dayanan bir sistem üzerine odaklanmasıdır. Literatür, çoğunlukla konvensiyonel tarım tekniklerine ve monokültür ürünlere odaklanmış olup bu çalışma, sürdürülebilir bir çiftlik modeli örneği sunmaktadır. Ayrıca önceki agrivoltaik araştırmalar arasında henüz çalışılmamış bir ürün grubu olan tıbbi ve aromatik bitki örneğinin incelenmesi sonucunda bu ürün grubunun yetiştiriciliği hakkında literatüre önemli bir katkı sunulmaktadır.
Hemşirelerin İş Gücü Verimliliğine İlişkin Tutumları ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Kuşaklı Berra
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelerin iş gücü verimliliğine ilişkin tutumları ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışmaya 321 hemşire dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri “Katılımcı Tanıtım Formu” ile Özkoç (2005) tarafından geliştirilen “Hastanelerde İşgücü Verimliliğine Etki Eden Faktörler ve Çalışanların İşgücü Verimliliği Konusundaki Tutumları” anket formu ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin %44,86’sının 20-25 yaş grubunda, %87,8’sinin kadın, %53,28’nin bekar, %85,5’inin lisans mezunu olduğu saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin %45,79’unun 1 yıl ve altında çalışma yılına sahip olduğu sahip ve %43,5’inin dahili birimlerde ve %65,4’ünün vardiyalı çalıştığı, %51’nin iş gücü verimliliği ile ilgili kendisini “iyi” seviyede değerlendirdiği bulunmuştur. İş gücü verimliliğini etkileyen en önemli faktörler; “diğer, kişisel, organizasyonel ve ergonomik” faktörler olduğu bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerde iş gücü verimliliğini etkileyen faktörler incelendiğinde; cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, çocuk sahibi olma durumu ve çalışma yılı ile çalışılan birim durumu arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p
Yeşil Tahviller ve Yenilenebilir Enerji Üretimi İlişkisi: AB Örneği
Authors: Filiz Baştürk Meryem
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Küresel iklim değişikliğini önlemek için birçok ekonomi yeşil projelere yapılan yatırımlara yönelmiştir. Bunlar içerisinde özellikle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yapılan yatırımlar ağırlıklı payı oluşturmaktadır. Ancak bu projeleri hayat geçirmede en temel problem finansman sağlama noktasında ortaya çıkmaktadır. Finansman sorununu gidermek için geliştirilen yenilikçi araçlardan biri yeşil tahvillerdir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, yeşil tahvillerin yenilenebilir enerji üretimine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.
Yöntem: Yeşil tahvillerin yenilenebilir enerji üretimi üzerindeki etkisi sabit etkiler modeli, rassal etkiler modeli ve Driscoll-Kraay standart hataları ile araştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: 19 AB üyesi ülke için 2016-2021 döneminde yeşil tahvillerin yenilenebilir enerji üretimi üzerinde pozitif ve istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Özgünlük: Yeşil tahvillerin yenilenebilir enerji üretimi üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen çalışmalar literatürde oldukça kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışma yeşil tahvillerin yenilenebilir enerji üretimi üzerindeki etkisini ampirik olarak ortaya koymaktadır. Aynı zamanda ilgili alandaki kısıtlı literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır.
An Evaluation of Disruptive Innovation in the Automobile Production Industry: Quantitative Research
Authors: Patience GANA Mbwidifu
Published: July 2024

This study undertakes an assessment of disruptive innovation within the automobile production industry, aiming to uncover implementation challenges and opportunities. Recognizing the pivotal role of disruptive innovation in driving economic growth and sustainability within the automotive sector, this research addresses a notable gap in the literature pertaining to the relationship between disruptive innovation and firm performance. Through a quantitative research methodology, employing an exploratory research design, data were gathered from 99 industry professionals via an online survey hosted on LinkedIn. Analysis of the collected data was conducted using SPSS Statistical Software, facilitating both descriptive and inferential analysis. The findings reveal that disruptive innovation indeed facilitates new market creation, cost-effectiveness, customer-centricity, and the development of unique capabilities. However, challenges such as staff capacity constraints, financial pressures, rapid pace of disruption, and regulatory ambiguity impede its efficacy. Moreover, the study highlights the significant impact of deployment costs and regulatory standards on the effectiveness of disruptive innovation in fostering new market creation and achieving cost-effectiveness.
VLIK’as Lietuvos išlaisvinimo misijoje 1966–1978 metais: pirmininko dr. Kęstučio Juozo Valiūno indėlis
Authors: Banionis Juozas
Published: July 2024

XX a. antroje pusėje dvylika metų (1966–1978 m.) Vyriausiojo Lietuvos išlaisvinimo komiteto (VLIK), išreiškusio laisvos lietuvių tautos politinę valią, pirmininku buvo renkamas dr. Kęstutis Juozas Valiūnas (1923–1992), kuris iki šiol nėra sulaukęs deramo tyrinėtojų dėmesio. Tad straipsnyje ir siekiama išanalizuoti K. J. Valiūno (kartu ir VLIK’o) indėlį į Lietuvos išlaisvinimo misiją 1966–1978 m. laikotarpiu, išryškinant šios istorinės asmenybės įdiegtas organizacines (taktikos ir strategijos) naujoves. Tyrimas parodė, kad K. J. Valiūnas, saugodamas nekintamą VLIK’o misijos siekį – Nepriklausomos Lietuvos atkūrimą, sustiprino organizacijos politinės veiklos pozicijas visame lietuvių Tėvynės laisvinimo sąjūdyje Vakaruose ir įtraukė į jį išeivijos jaunimą. Pirmininkas, rūpindamasis egzilio baltiečių politinių pajėgų telkimu, dėjo pastangas suvienyti jas į Pasaulio baltų santalką, o ryždamasis globalesnei Lietuvos laisvinimo sklaidai išplėtė lietuvių politinius kontaktus visame demokratiniame pasaulyje. Prasidėjus Europos saugumo ir bendradarbiavimo konferencijos rengimo, vėliau ir jos Helsinkio baigiamojo akto įgyvendinimo procesui, atstovavimas Lietuvos bylai ir jos gynimas tapo vienu aktualiausių klausimu visoje VLIK’o veikloje, kreipiant ją tarptautine linkme.
El pensamiento lógico-matemático en estudiantes de preescolar desde una mirada filosófica y pedagógica
Authors: Ordóñez Bautista Ángela María , Urbay Rodríguez Marilin
Published: July 2024

El propósito de este artículo es la concepción de una estrategia pedagógica cimentada en los principios del constructivismo y el aprendizaje trascendental, orientada a fomentar el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico matemático. Este estudio, enraizado en la realidad educativa de Colombia, toma nota de la recurrente constatación de que el desempeño de los estudiantes en las disciplinas matemáticas y el pensamiento lógico-matemático suele ser deficiente o, en el mejor de los casos, elemental. Rara vez, los resultados de las pruebas estandarizadas merecen elogios por parte de las autoridades gubernamentales o los directivos educativos, lo cual lleva a la conclusión de que esta problemática debe abordarse a largo plazo, comenzando por la formación del pensamiento lógico-matemático desde la infancia temprana. En este escenario, desde el enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, se emprende un análisis a partir de un estudio de caso que involucra a diez estudiantes de preescolar de la Institución Educativa Distrital Colegio Toberín en Bogotá. La recolección de datos permite identificar las necesidades relacionadas con el pensamiento lógico matemático. Sobre esta base se concibe una estrategia que, mediante actividades lúdicas, propicia el desarrollo del pensamiento lógicomatemático de los estudiantes, facilitando así un aprendizaje significativo mediado por los principios del constructivismo.
ПУШКИНСКАЯ ТЕМА В РОМАНЕ МУХТАРА АУЭЗОВА «ПУТЬ АБАЯ»
Authors: Пашков
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы пушкинской темы в романе М.Ауэзова «Путь Абая», где описывается жизнь и деятельность выдающегося казахского поэта, мыслителя и обще-ственного деятеля Абая Кунанбаева. Определяющую роль в романе «Путь Абая» играет и тема А.С. Пушкина, которая проявляется в нескольких аспектах, в частности говорится о его влиянии на творчество Абая. В романе подробно освещается, как Абай знакомится с творче-ством Пушкина: переводил на казахский язык произведения Пушкина, в том числе роман «Евгений Онегин». Для Абая, как и для многих представителей казахской интеллигенции того времени, Пушкин был символом высшего литературного мастерства и культурного про-рыва. В статье дан анализ темы Пушкина, которая является важным элементом для понима-ния культурных связей между русской и казахской литературами, а также для раскрытия внутреннего мира и творческого пути самого Абая.
Infilling of Missing Rainfall Radar Data with a Memory-Assisted Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Meuer Johannes , Bouwer Laurens M. , Kaspar Frank , Lehmann Roman , Karl Wolfgang , Ludwig Thomas , Kadow Christopher
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Incomplete spatio-temporal meteorological observations can result in misinterpretations of the current climate state, uncertainties in early warning systems, or inaccuracies in nowcasting models and can thereby pose signficant challanges in hydrology research or similar applications. Traditional statistical methods for infilling missing precipitation data demand substantial computational resources and fail over large areas with sparse data – like temporary outages of weather radars. Although recent machine learning advancements have shown promise in addressing missing meteorological or satellite observations, they typically focus on spatial aspects, overlooking the complex spatio-temporal variability characteristic of precipitation, especially during extreme events. We propose a deep convolutional neural network enhanced with a temporal memory component to better account for temporal changes in precipitation fields. This approach can analyse arbitrary sequences from before and/or after the incomplete observation of interest. Our model is trained and evaluated on the hourly RADKLIM dataset, which features 1-km resolution precipitation derived from combined radar and weather station data across Germany. By infilling both synthetic and actual data gaps of RADKLIM, the study demonstrates the model's effectiveness, providing detailed insights into its capabilities during significant rainfall events, such as those in May 2012 and July 2021, including those responsible for the Ahrtal flood. This novel approach represents a step forward in hydrological applications, potentially improving the way we predict and manage water-related events by increasing the accuracy and reliability of precipitation data analysis.
Towards deep learning solutions for classification of automated snow height measurements (CleanSnow v1.0.0)
Authors: Svoboda Jan , Ruesch Marc , Liechti David , Jones Corinne , Volpi Michele , Zehnder Michael , Schweizer Jürg
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Snow height measurements are still the backbone of any snow cover monitoring whether based on modeling or remote sensing. These ground-based measurements are often realized with the use of ultrasonic or laser technologies. In challenging environments, such as high alpine regions, the quality of sensor measurements deteriorates quickly, especially in the presence of extreme weather conditions or ephemeral snow conditions. Moreover, the sensors by their nature measure the height of an underlying object and are therefore prone to return other information, such as the height of vegetation, in snow-free periods. Quality assessment and real-time classification of automated snow height measurements is therefore desirable in order to provide high-quality data for research and operational applications. To this end, we propose CleanSnow, a machine learning approach to automated classification of snow height measurements into a snow cover class and a class corresponding to everything else, which takes into account both the temporal context and the dependencies between snow height and other sensor measurements. We created a new dataset of manually annotated snow height measurements, which allowed us to train our models in a supervised manner as well as quantitatively evaluate our results. Through a series of experiments and ablation studies to evaluate feature importance and compare several different models, we validated our design choices and demonstrate the importance of using temporal information together with information from auxiliary sensors. CleanSnow achieved a high accuracy and represents a new baseline for further research in the field. The presented approach to snow height classification finds its use in various tasks, ranging from snow modeling to climate science.
A climatological characterisation of North Atlantic winter jet streaks and their extremes
Authors: Bukenberger Mona , Fasnacht Lena , Rüdisühli Stefan , Schemm Sebastian
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The jet stream is a hemispheric-wide mid-latitude band of westerly wind. Jet streaks, which are regions of enhanced wind speed within the jet stream, characterize it locally. Jet streaks are frequent upper-tropospheric flow features that accompany troughs and ridges and form in tandem with surface cyclones. Upper level divergence in their right entrance and left exit regions couples them to surface weather via vertical motion and are regions prone to precipitation formation, which feeds back on the strength of upper level divergence and wind speed via diabatic heat release. This reanalysis-based study presents a systematic characterisation of the life cycle of jet streaks and extreme jet streaks over the North Atlantic during winter, their occurrence during three different regimes of the eddy-driven jet, and their relation to Rossby wave breaking (RWB) from a PV gradient perspective. Extreme jet streaks are most frequent when the North Atlantic jet is in a zonal regime, while they are least common when the jet is in a poleward shifted regime. Maximum wind speed on average occurs on the 329 K isentrope and the peak intensity of jet streaks, defined as the maximum wind speed throughout their evolution scales with the strength of the PV gradient, with mean values of 2.4 PVU (100 km)-1 for wind speeds exceeding 100 m s-1. The peak intensity of jet streaks also increases with their lifetime and extreme jet streaks exhibit a prolonged intensification period rather than increased deepening rates. A positive trend in jet streak intensity appears to be emerging since 1979, but decadal variability still dominates the 43-year time series. A self-organising map technique identifies typical Rossby wave patterns in which jet streaks reach peak intensity and their preferred location and orientation within the large-scale environment. In case of anticyclonic RWB, the jet streak sits upstream of the ridge axis, while in case of no RWB the jet streak is zonally oriented and locates slightly downstream of the ridge axis. In some cases the jet streak is found farther downstream of the ridge axis but surprisingly no well-marked cyclonic RWB is identified at maximum jet streak intensity. As expected, the presence of an extreme jet streak is associated with a meridionally aligned pair of surface cyclones. More specifically, a cyclone is located poleward of an anticyclone plus, in some cases, a mesoscale cyclone upstream of both, which is associated with intense precipitation. This motivates a detailed follow-up study on the relative roles of diabatic and adiabatic processes in the formation of extreme jet streaks.
Modelling rainfall with a Bartlett-Lewis process: pyBL (v1.0.0), a Python software package and an application with short records
Authors: Wei Chi-Ling , Chen Pei-Chun , Tseng Chien-Yu , Dai Ting-Yu , Ho Yun-Ting , Chou Ching-Chun , Onof Christian , Wang Li-Pen
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The Bartlett-Lewis (BL) model is a stochastic framework for representing rainfall based upon Poisson cluster point process theory. This model has been used for over 30 years in the stochastic modelling of daily and hourly rainfall time series. Historically, the BL model was known to underestimate sub-daily rainfall extremes, but recent advancements have addressed this issue, making it a viable alternative to traditional rainfall frequency analysis methods, such as those based on annual maxima time series. Despite its potential, calibrating the BL model is a not a trivial task. The model's formulation is complex, and calibrating it involves a nonlinear optimisation process that can be numerically unstable, which has limited its broader application. To promote the use of the BL model and demonstrate its capabilities in modeling sub-hourly rainfall –both standard and extreme statistics– we have developed an open-source Python package called pyBL. This paper details the design of the BL model and summarises the key features of the pyBL package. It includes a brief explanation of how to use the package in selected user scenarios. In addition, we report upon scientific experiments that resemble real-world situations to showcase pyBL's ability to model sub-hourly rainfall extremes with short records and its flexibility in utilising records of various timescales and lengths.
Similar freezing spectra of particles on plant canopies as in air at a high-altitude site
Authors: Einbock Annika , Conen Franz
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Plant canopies are an important source of biological particles aerosolized into the atmosphere. Certain aerosolized microorganisms are able to efficiently freeze slightly supercooled cloud droplets and therefore affect mixed-phase cloud development. Still, spatiotemporal variability of such biological ice nucleating particles (INPs) is currently poorly understood. Here, we study this variability between late summer and leaf shedding on the scale of individual leaves collected about fortnightly from four temperate broadleaf tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Juglans regia, Prunus avium and Tilia platyphyllos) on a hillside (Gempen, 650 m a.s.l.) and in a vertical canopy profile of one Fagus sylvatica (Hölstein, 550 m a.s.l.) in north-western Switzerland. The cumulative concentration of INPs active at ≥ -10 °C (INP-10) did not vary significantly between the investigated tree species, but as inferred from leaf mass per area and leaf carbon isotopic ratios seemed to be lower on more exposed leaves. Between August and mid-November, median INP-10 concentration increased from 4 INPs cm-2 leaf area to 38 cm-2 leaf area and was positively correlated with mean relative humidity throughout 24 h prior to sampling (Spearman’s r = 0.52, p < 0.0001, n = 64). In 53 of the in total 64 samples collected at Gempen, differential INP spectra between -3 °C and -10 °C exhibited clearly discriminable patterns: in 53 % of the spectra, the amount of additionally activated INPs increased persistently with each 1 °C decrease in temperature; the remaining spectra displayed significant peaks in differential INP concentration above -9 °C, most frequently in the temperature interval between -8 °C and -9 °C (21 %), and between -7 °C and -8 °C (17 %). Interestingly, the three most frequent patterns in differential INP spectra on leaves in Gempen were also prevalent in similar fractions in air samples with clearly discriminable patterns at the high-altitude site Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland) collected during summer in the previous year. These findings corroborate the idea that a large fraction of the airborne biological INP population above the Alps during summer originates from plant surfaces. The inquiry into which parameter, or set of parameters, could affect biological INP populations on both scales – upwind airsheds of high-altitude sites as well as individual leaves – is an intriguing question for further exploration. A first guess is that leaf wetness duration plays a role.
The Record-Breaking Precipitation Event of December 2022 in Portugal
Authors: Ferreira Tiago M. , Trigo Ricardo M. , Gaspar Tomás H. , Pinto Joaquim G. , Ramos Alexandre M.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Extreme precipitation events (EPEs) present potentially an enormous societal risk and often lead to major human and economic impacts. In the mid-latitudes, such EPEs are often triggered by intense extratropical cyclones and their associated frontal systems. Over the last decade, several studies have shown the important and specific role played by Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) in the occurrence of EPEs in western Europe, particularly in the Iberia Peninsula. In this study we analyze the all-time 24 h record-breaking precipitation (120.3 mm) recorded in the historical Dom Luiz Observatory (since 1863) in Lisbon, Portugal, between 12 and 13 December 2022. A synoptic evaluation of surface and upper-level fields from 5 to 14 December is performed using ERA-5 reanalysis. The week before the EPE, there was a combined effect of a large-scale SLP gradient resembling the NAO negative phase, a southerly position of the jet stream and an above normal positive SST anomalies over the North Atlantic leading to the development of several low-pressure systems at relatively low latitudes, all travelling along the same mean path towards western Europe. The atmospheric river associated with this event was first detected on late 10 December associated with a deep extratropical cyclone. The combination of high Integrated Vapor Transport (and moisture inflow by the warm conveyor belt), with a dynamical component characterized by a suitable uplift motion, allowed the system to evolve and maintain its AR characteristics for 72 h. The extratropical cyclone and associated AR moved northeast towards Iberia, making landfall in Portugal, on 12 December, as an extreme AR event, leading to the 24 h precipitation record breaking event.
Knowledge Attitude and Behaviour among Physiotherapists in Early Mobilization of Patient in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Parag Solanki Aayush , Vaghasiya Apeksha
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding the benefits of early mobilization and to identify perceived barriers to delivery of mobility of physiotherapy in the ICU.
Methods: 120 physiotherapists were included using convenient sampling working in ICU from Ahmedabad. Questionnaire for knowledge, attitude, and behavior among physiotherapists. The questionnaire was electronically distributed among physiotherapists. The data collected was analyzed by using MS Excel 2010.
Result: There were 85%(n=102) response rate. Proportion of poor, fair and good knowledge towards EM in ICU were 3%, 31% & 56% respectively, while negative, fair and positive attitude were 17%, 28% & 55% respectively, and that of negative, fair and good behavior were 10%, 16% & 74% respectively among Physiotherapists.
Conclusion: There was average knowledge, attitude, and behaviour among physiotherapists in early mobilization of patients in ICU. During the study we also found that majority of physiotherapist weren’t confident with the use if vasoactive drugs and the consumption of time in mobilizing the patients were barriers during EM.

Keywords: Early mobilization, ICU, Physiotherapists
Childhood Cancers; Diagnostic Challenges in Sub-Sahara Africa
Authors: James Emmanuel , Akpan Usoro , Abigail Onoja
Published: July 2024

Childhood cancers pose a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa due to late diagnoses, limited treatment options, and poor long-term survivorship. This paper aims to describe the key childhood cancers affecting the region, explore barriers to diagnosis and treatment, and propose potential solutions. The most common childhood cancers in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan countries include leukemia, brain tumors, lymphomas such as Burkitt's lymphoma, and solid tumors like neuroblastoma and Wilms' tumor. However, lack of diagnostic capacity, scarce chemotherapy resources, and high costs frequently delay diagnosis and prevent optimal treatment. Poverty is also associated with worse survival outcomes for pediatric cancer patients. Solving this crisis requires coordinated, multi-pronged efforts. Areas of focus include establishing childhood cancer surveillance and control policies, training primary providers to recognize early signs and symptoms, strengthening referral networks, increasing pediatric oncology services in underserved areas, expanding research on childhood cancers unique to the region, and enhancing financial access to treatment. With government support for childhood cancer programs and global partnerships to address shortages in skilled staff and technologies, survival rates have the potential to significantly improve for Africa's children with cancer.

Keywords: Childhood cancer, malignancy, Diagnosis, Challenges.
Development of creative abilities of primary school students by means of project-based technologies in foreign countries
Authors: Petrytsa Yuliia
Published: July 2024

In the context of global competition, the ability to think outside the box and work effectively in a team, acquired through the use of project-based technologies, plays a key role in preparing the younger generation for future professional challenges. Methods that promote the active development of these qualities, such as project-based learning, have proven themselves in the international context as an effective way to unlock the creative potential of students. The purpose of the study was to investigate the features of using project-based technologies for the development of creative abilities of primary school students in foreign countries. General methods of scientific research, such as empirical (observation, comparison) and complex (analysis and synthesis), were applied. Various approaches to the interpretation of project-based learning, conditions for its effectiveness and advantages for the development of children’s creative abilities are presented. Studies that demonstrate the successful use of project-based technologies in foreign countries, namely: Finland, Great Britain, USA, Canada, Poland, Czech Republic, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Spain, Germany, Japan, and methods that contribute to the development of creative and critical thinking in primary school students are analysed. It was found that creativity is a key competence of students’ future success. The use of project-based technologies in primary schools contributes to the identification of individuality and the development of personal qualities. The use of project-based technologies in primary schools in foreign countries is an effective means of developing students’ creative abilities, the learning environment that promotes students’ self-realisation, development of their creative potential, and preparation for the requirements of the modern world. The practical significance of the study is to provide teachers, methodologists and other teachers of Ukrainian primary schools with information and insights on the use of project-based technologies for the development of creative abilities of students based on foreign experience
Training of future primary school and computer science teachers in the structure of information systems
Authors: Ihnatenko Oleksandr , Tolmachov Volodymyr , Ryabko Andriy
Published: July 2024

The active renewal of teacher education is driven by the contradiction between the need for new specialists and the lack of a clear strategy for modernising the educational process. The purpose of this study was to highlight all aspects of the process of training future primary school and computer science teachers to implement digital systems in conjunction with pedagogical conditions. The study employed such research methods as comparison, synthesis, observation, analysis, and abstraction. The key findings suggest that Ukraine is undergoing educational reforms aimed at updating the content and improving teaching and learning methods. The study covered the objectives, content, methods, forms, means of teaching the discipline “Computer Science (Structure and Main Components of Information Systems)” studied by future primary school and computer science teachers who undergo their professional training in the educational programmes 013 “Primary Education and Computer Science”, 014 “Secondary Education (Labour Training and Technologies. Computer Science)” at Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University. The study analysed the latest publications on the subject matter of the study. Based on the analysis of the possibilities and concrete potentials of using information technologies, the expediency of their introduction into personal and professional development of future primary school specialists was determined, the principal conditions for their use and for the developed teacher in the educational information system were highlighted. The study highlighted the content of classes aimed at developing information and communication skills and other key competences of future primary school and computer science teachers in studying the subject “Computer Science (Structure and main components of information systems)”. The conclusions of this study state that the methodological recommendations for the organisation of practical classes in the course provide pedagogical support to teachers and contribute to the creation of a favourable learning and cognitive atmosphere during training. The practical significance of this study is to build a qualitative model that aims to improve the training future primary school and computer science teachers to implement digital systems in conjunction with pedagogical conditions
“Beyond Stereotypes”: Investigating the Roles and Motivations of Girls in Cybercriminal Networks in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: A. V. Ishola, , T. M. Akanbi, , M. F. Olumuyiwa, , W. O. Aransi,
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the involvement of girls in cybercriminal networks within Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. It examines their roles, motivations, and the socio-economic implications. The study is anchored on the Structural Strain and Sex Role theories. Utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design of the quantitative and qualitative data collection procedure, the respondents were purposively sampled. Findings of the research revealed that although girls' participation in cybercrime is relatively lower compared to boys, their roles are nonetheless significant and multifaceted, encompassing activities such as romance scams, phishing, online fraud, identity theft, and cyber-enabled financial crimes. Additionally, girls provide psychological support to their male counterparts, often engaging in domestic chores and serving as "sex tools," which facilitates the smooth operation of these networks. The findings indicate that motivations for girls' involvement in cybercrime include economic vulnerability, peer influence, poverty, access to Western education and technology, and the anonymity of the internet. The socio-economic implications were discovered to be profound, disrupting educational paths of girls, inflicting psychological damage, and perpetuating cycles of poverty and social instability. The study concludes that cybercriminal networks have devastating consequences on girls and thus, it was proposed that targeted interventions focusing on education, mental health support, and socio-economic empowerment are crucial in mitigating the risks and providing alternative pathways for at-risk girls.
Extraction of Chemical constituents from Flaxseeds and Fenugreek seeds by different Extraction methods and screening of their activity
Authors: Valli Devi Y. Achyutha , Sastry V. Girija , Amulya K. , Jakraiah K.
Published: July 2024

The seeds of fenugreek and flaxseeds are ayurvedic drugs with no side effects that are known to control many diseases. When extracted using harmful chemicals such as petroleum ether, hexane, etc., flaxseed oil and fenugreek oil's had an ability to control blood glucose levels. Hence, we intend to extract these oils using green chemistry principles. Accordingly, we plan to test by using four different methods of extracting flaxseed and fenugreek oil, following green chemistry principles, to determine which yields the most effective results. We used mol inspiration web software to calculate some of the QSAR parameters in this study. Then, using an in vitro method known as DNSA, we screened for anti-diabetic activity with the help of UV. We determined the combined and individual anti-diabetic effects of both oils.
Identification of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Citronella Grass Leaves (Cymbopogon nardus L.) against Curvularia andropogonis
Authors: Solekha Rofiatun , Puspaningsih Ni N T , Utami Edy S W , Ermavitalini Dini , Andalucya Filliana , R Purnama Putut , Purnobasuki Hery
Published: July 2024

Citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) is an essential oil-producing plant. The essential oils consist of geraniol and citroneal whose production is affected by plant health. The production of citronella grass decreases (harvest loss) due to red spot disease caused by Curvulaia andropogonis infection which also affects the bioactive composition of secondary metabolites. Defense signal responses are also generated using plant defense pathways which result in compounds used for counterattacking plant invasions. The purpose of this study was to determine the secondary metabolites of C. nardus attacked by C. andropogonis. This research used HPLC to analysis citronellol and geraniol C. nardus with normal, wound and infected treatment. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) method was used to detect metabolites profiles in normal treatment, injury, and infection, and then analyzed based on metabolite groups and metabolic pathways. The result of this study indicated that the citronellol in normal treatment sample was higher, namely 102.003mg/L compared to the wound treatment, which was 100.120mg/L and the infected treatment, which was 89.356mg/L. Likewise for geraniol in the normal treatment of 20.065mg/L, which is greater than the wound treatment, which was 19.245 mg/L and the infected, which was 15.765mg/L. There were 12 types of metabolites based on chemical grouping including alkaloids, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, flavonoids, nucleic acids, phenolics, terpenoids, alcohols, aldehydes, amino acids, heterocyclic compounds, and carbohydrates. The highest metabolites were found in carboxylic acid. Metabolic pathways resulted carboxylic acids which came from 2-Oxocaboxylic acid metabolism, and phenolics came from the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which were highest in carbohydrate metabolism. In conclusion, almost all metabolites and metabolic pathways increase in the infection treatment which was significant with the results of citronellol and geranioldecreased so that the overall content of bioactive secondary metabolites decreased.
Screening and Evaluation of Biodegradation Potential of Bacterial Isolates Against Ethidium Bromide
Authors: Shaleeni Shaleeni , Jhalora Vandana , Mathur Shubhita , Bist Renu
Published: July 2024

Ethidium bromide (EtBr), an intercalating agent that is often employed in molecular biology procedures can bind to the DNA's minor groove, which can result in a variety of undesirable repercussions. EtBr is classified as one of the most lethal carcinogens, which makes its disposal extremely challenging and expensive. Reckless and irresponsible disposal of hazardous items can have severe impacts on the ecosystem and cause the environment's natural resources to wither away. Therefore, our study focuses on the isolation of bacterial isolates from different sources that have biodegradation potential against EtBr. Different bacterial isolates obtained from sewage water, tap water, and soil were grown in Luria Bertani (LB) broth and Nutrient agar (NA), followed by their screening and identification by performing various biochemical tests. All the isolates were grown in two different concentrations of EtBr (i.e., 30 g/ml and 60 g/ml) to determine their ability to degrade EtBr. For the current investigation, bacterial isolates obtained from the tap water (IS1, IS2, IS3, IS4, IS5, IS6) and sewage water (IS7, IS8, IS9, IS10, IS11, IS12, IS13) have shown degrading potential against EtBr at the concentration of 30µg/ml after 2 and 5 days, respectively, whereas, the bacterial isolates obtained from tap water (IS1, IS2, IS3, IS4, IS5, IS6) and sewage water (IS7, IS8, IS9, IS10, IS11, IS12, IS13) have shown degradation potential against EtBr at the concentration of 60µg/ml after 5 days and 8 days, respectively. All the isolates demonstrated EtBr bioaccumulation and were visible as vivid orange colonies under a UV transilluminator. None of the isolates obtained from the soil sample were able to degrade EtBr. The outcomes of the current investigation suggest that several bacterial isolates which were isolated from tap water and sewage water had remarkable biodegradation capacity against EtBr. The unique ability of bacterial isolates to biodegrade and accumulate EtBr can contribute to the improvement of the quality and safety of our environment. Further research into these isolates' potential for biodegrading various xenobiotics and dangerous substances could be very helpful in reducing the environment's rising toxicant concentrations.
On the synthesis and sintering behavior of a novel Mg-Ca alloy, Part II: Spark plasma sintering
Authors: Golmohammadi Parisa , Bahmani Ahmad , Parvin Nader , Nayebi Behzad
Published: July 2024

With the growing interest in lightweight materials, magnesium and its alloys have received substantial attention for replacing existing alloys. After investigating the mechanical alloying process of Mg-Ca alloys and determining the optimum parameters for milling in part I of this study, the current research aims to examine the second step: the sintering process. This study proposes the powder metallurgy method to process Mg-Ca alloy through the spark plasma sintering technique at 420 °C under an applied pressure of 38 MPa. Samples with different additives (starch or paraffin) were sintered for various dwell times (7 and 10 min) to determine the optimal mechanical and physical properties. To study the microstructure and phase composition of the sintered alloys, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were utilized.  Density measurement, compression test, and micro-hardness evaluation were also conducted for the physical and mechanical feathers analysis. The results indicated that samples with a dwell time of 10 min exhibited superior mechanical properties. Additionally, the starch-containing sample outperformed the paraffin-containing sample in both physical and mechanical properties.
Evolution of red ceramic pigments: from hazardous compounds to environmentally friendly alternatives
Authors: Tavakolipour Rayehe , Li Yueming , Hosseini Zori Maryam , Basso Bernardi Maria Ines , Li Kun , Čiuladienė Aušra , Miguel Eva
Published: July 2024

Synthesis of red ceramic pigments is a challenging task in the ceramic industry. Most classic reds are based on severely toxic materials including lead, arsenic, mercury, selenium, and cadmium, which are forbidden in many countries. On the other hand, the red color is super sensitive to the synthesis parameters, heat treatment conditions (atmosphere and temperature), particle size, etc. Therefore, achieving a bright true red shade and its stability at high temperatures is crucial. There has been a massive attempt to find a sustainable high-temperature resistant alternative for these hazardous compounds. Iron oxide is one of the first red pigments in history, but it cannot produce a bright red shade and its color is mostly red-brown. Ce2S3 is another red pigment with a beautiful red color. But it cannot stand the temperature above 350 °C in an oxidizing atmosphere. Doping lanthanides in the perovskites or entrapping the toxic beautiful chromophores in the core-shell structures are among the strategies to achieve safe bright red pigments. This review outlines the recent progress of hazardous classic reds to environmentally friendly ceramic red pigments. Various compounds and dopants, applied to develop sustainable reds, from simple iron-oxides to composites, solid solutions, core-shell structures, or even purified wastes have been covered in this review.