bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community Mutual Assistance as an Archaic Form of Social Work and the Potential for its Transformation to Support the Elderly
Authors: Romanychev I.
Published: December 2024

The article has a historical and sociological orientation and is devoted to the transformation of forms of communal mutual assistance into today's ways and methods of mutual support between people. The research focuses on helping the elderly as a socially vulnerable category of the population, and this vulnerability and the need for community support were recorded at all stages of society's development. During the existence of peasant communities, caring for the elderly was perceived as a universal social obligation and was expressed in economic, communal, tribal and religious forms of assistance. The methods of supporting an elderly person described in the article – help, outfits, alternate feeding in families, etc. – have been preserved in rural areas for many centuries and were fixed even in the XX century. The key factor in these processes was tradition as a regulator of the system of social relations. However, as urbanization, demographic changes in rural areas, the destruction of the community, and the emergence of specialized support services, the traditions of mutual assistance are becoming a thing of the past, reminding themselves of relatively systematic acts of assistance in rural areas and less systematic, voluntary–oriented ones in the city. There is a phenomenon of neighborhood mutual assistance in an urban environment that is far from widespread and highly localized in small groups, more focused on volunteerism, a sense of moral duty, and at the same time closely related to the emotional nature of the communicative environment and the local destruction of privacy of life.
The Basics of Creativity: Essence, Traits, and Key Elements (on the Example of the People's Republic of China)
Authors: Volkotrubova A. , Liu J.
Published: December 2024

Creativity is a complex, multilayered concept that includes the interaction of various factors such as inner personality traits, cognitive processes, emotional states, and the external environment. In the Chinese context, creativity plays an important role in shaping innovative thinking and cultural identity. Thanks to the use of psychological mechanisms of creativity, art education in China has reached significant development, becoming a tool for unlocking and cultivating students' creative potential. Thus, the system of art education in China today serves not only as a means of professional training but also as a tool for shaping a new generation of creators capable of original thinking and offering innovative solutions for the modern world.
Ossetes in Ottoman Anatolia: Resettlement and Construction of a Diasporic Homeland (the Second Half of the XIX–the Beginning of the XX c.)
Authors: Chochiev G.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the processes of immigration (muhajirism) of Ossetes to the Ottoman Empire in the mid-XIX century and their subsequent internal migrations in Eastern and Central Anatolia. It evaluates the specifics of economic, social, and ethnopolitical adaptation and integration of the migrants and the construction of their own socio-cultural diasporic space in their new homeland. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the relationships of Ossetes with the indigenous population of the regions of settlement and with other North Caucasian muhajirs.
Cognitive Radicalization of Right-Wing Radicals: the Experience of Thematic Analysis
Authors: Shchekotin E.
Published: December 2024

The cognitive radicalization of supporters of right-wing radical ideology is one of the stages on the way to real radicalism, up to involvement in terrorist activities. One of the elements of cognitive radicalization is media consumption, in particular, the study of content in communities of appropriate orientation on social networks. The purpose of this study is to study the thematic features of the content of supporters of right-wing radical ideology in the communities of the VKontakte social network. The study includes an analysis of the content of the most popular posts in these communities. The hypothesis of the study is that the topics of such posts make a significant contribution to the cognitive radicalization of users of social networks. The relevance of posts was determined in accordance with online message metrics (number of likes, reposts, comments). Then, through discourse analysis, the topics of the messages were determined. This allowed us to determine which topics in right-wing communities are most in demand and cause the greatest response from users. The results obtained indicate that the most popular messages are those in which certain enemies of the right are represented, primarily "external enemies" (a broad category that included migrants, supporters of leftist ideas, officials of various levels, patriotic bloggers, etc.). The second most popular thematic block can be conditionally described as "their ownThis includes messages describing the image and behavior of a supporter of right-wing ideology, as well as those expressing approval of the actions of certain persons who do not belong to this subculture. Among other thematic blocks, such as ideology, humor, approved actions of politicians, events, actions, etc., are also distinguished.
Socio-Demographic Factors of Public Activity of Russians in the Issues of Strengthening Civil Identity (on the Example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Korovkina N. , Sadretdinova E.
Published: December 2024

The problem of civil identity has attracted the attention of a large number of researchers for several decades. Of particular importance today is the issue of the behavioral (activity) component of civil identity, since the country's population, according to survey results, demonstrates a rather low level of social activity. This allows modern sociologists to distinguish between state and civil identity, forming a problem field primarily around the second. The research methodology is presented by some results of the study of the state of civil identity in the Republic of Bashkortostan within the framework of the project "Communicative mechanisms of social construction of civic identity of Russians" in 2019 (sample size 751 people). The questions analyzed allow assessing the willingness of Russians to take responsibility, demonstrating the degree of participation of respondents in the work of public associations and their skills in applying institutionalized methods of problem solving, as well as making it possible to assess the circle of trust of respondents. The study revealed some patterns in the expression of civil potential depending on gender, age, education, income, and type of settlement, but the trends are not always unambiguous. A high level of education and financial stability have a positive effect on the degree of competence of a citizen; however, representatives of age, gender, and settlement communities tend to divide their areas of responsibility depending on their goals and mechanisms of influence. An analysis of the socio-demographic portrait of an active citizen allows us to establish its complex, contradictory nature and indicates the high significance of research into the activity component of civil identity. The proposed results can be used in the educational process and by authorities in developing management decisions.
Pedagogical Foundations for Designing Accreditation of Secondary Schools under the Cambridge Education System
Authors: Kudaiberdiev N.
Published: December 2024

Accreditation under the Cambridge system is becoming an essential phase in transforming secondary education, opening new horizons for schools and their students. This article explores the pedagogical foundations upon which the accreditation process is built, examining the key stages of its design. Special attention is given to the challenges educational institutions face when adapting to new standards, as well as the benefits they can gain from this accreditation. Project-based learning emerges as a powerful tool for active learning, and the use of modern technologies greatly facilitates the process of quality assessment in education. Readers will find practical recommendations for successfully implementing accreditation programs and ideas for further research in this relevant field. This article offers a fresh perspective on accreditation, emphasizing its importance as a key component of quality education.
Accreditation of New-Type Secondary Schools in Modern Conditions
Authors: Kudaiberdiev N.
Published: December 2024

Examines current aspects of accrediting new-type secondary schools in modern conditions. It analyzes the specific features of educational institutions, such as specialized and innovative schools, and their compliance with contemporary educational standards. Key accreditation criteria and indicators are discussed, including the quality of educational programs, the qualifications of teaching staff, and the material and technical base. A comparative analysis of accreditation systems in foreign countries is also presented, along with possibilities for applying international experience to the national system. The article highlights critical factors influencing accreditation, including socio-economic, organizational, methodological, and personnel aspects. The work underscores the importance of accreditation as a tool for developing and enhancing the quality of education in new-type secondary schools.
The Use of Proverbs and Sayings in Kyrguz Language Lessons in 5 th Grade
Authors: Zhumadilova N.
Published: December 2024

The use of proverbs and sayings is considered an effective means of developing speech, understanding culture, and enriching the vocabulary of 5th-grade students in Kyrgyz language lessons. Methodological techniques and examples of using proverbs and sayings in various types of activities in the lesson are defined. This plays an important role in the formation of not only language but also culture in students. In the 5th grade, Kyrgyz language lessons can become an excellent platform for introducing students to the wealth of folk wisdom expressed through proverbs and sayings.
Specificity of Developing the Complex of Exercises on Mastering Sketching for the Virtual Reality Design Students.
Authors: Egorova S.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the features of developing a set of exercises for mastering project sketching for students in the field of "VR design." The relevance is determined by the challenges facing the education system in training specialists in the virtual reality field, including the interdisciplinary nature of activities and the need to take into account rapid technological changes. The importance of preserving artistic and design disciplines in the process of training virtual environment designers is emphasized, despite significant changes in curricula and reduction in teaching hours. The principles of designing the content of the discipline "speed drawing technique" (or sketching), which serves as an example of integrating traditional art practices and design methodologies, are formulated. The significance of such principles as moving from realistic images to graphic stylization and then transforming objects, using free copying methods, and introducing elements of "imaginary drawing" into the learning process is substantiated. The development of the exercise complex is based on the focus of educational tasks on acquiring skills related to future professional activities of students in this field.
Scientific and Methodological Basis for Monitoring the Quality of Pedagogical Education in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Bylykova M. , Kamalova A.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the stages and principles of monitoring pedagogical education in higher education institutions. In the conditions of market relations development, the problem of higher education institution management efficiency becomes urgent due to the emergence of new requirements imposed on higher education institutions by the market of educational services and the labor market, in which a modern educational institution is fully involved.
Analytical Information on the Results of Teacher Certification of the Department for Education Quality Development of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Authors: Mukanova B.
Published: December 2024

This article is dedicated to voluntarily based certification of school teachers from seven oblasts (Chui, Naryn, Talas, Issyk-Kul, Jalal-Abad, Osh, Batken) of the Kyrgyz Republic and from Bishkek city. We would like to remind you that the first step in this certification process involves registering a digital portfolio of teachers in accordance with the certification, which is then used to assign a qualification category on the Department for Development of Education Quality's electronic portal. Next, the documents were examined by highly qualified experts. Upon completion of all the above work, computer testing of all candidates was conducted on the appointed date. Upon completion of the test, the test results were instantly displayed on the screen, and a protocol on the test results was handed to each candidate. General statistics were then transferred to the relevant department of the Ministry of Education and Science for further policy implementation. The main objective of this event is to stimulate teachers in professional growth, motivate teachers in continuous professional growth, improve the quality and results of teachers’ teaching activities, and develop a system of methodological support and mentoring.
Significance of English Abbreviations in the Field of Dentistry
Authors: Khalilova D.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes abbreviations in English used in today’s rapidly developing field of dentistry. The density and the complexity of this process determine the urgency of the problem, creating the need to resort to a careful study of abbreviations. How important it is not to make mistakes in the spelling of abbreviations; otherwise, it can lead to misunderstandings in determining the meaning of the word. In the dental profession, abbreviations are not only convenient but also essential for conveying complex information quickly. However, the article highlights the critical importance of accuracy in spelling these abbreviations. Errors in abbreviation usage can lead to misunderstandings about procedures, medications, and diagnoses, which may jeopardize patient safety. Moreover, the article discusses the implications of inconsistencies in abbreviation usage across different regions and dental practices. It explores how varying interpretations can arise from local jargon or outdated terminology, potentially creating barriers to effective communication among dental professionals.The article also suggests best practices for the adoption of standardized abbreviations within dental education and professional training. By promoting awareness and understanding of commonly used abbreviations, dental practitioners can enhance clarity in documentation, reduce the risk of errors, and foster better communication with patients and colleagues alike. Ultimately, this careful study of abbreviations serves as a foundation for improving overall efficiency and safety in dental practice.
Issues of Systematization of English Language Teaching Methodological Terms and Creation of a Dictionary
Authors: Begimova M.
Published: December 2024

In the process of studying the methodology of teaching foreign languages, professionals and translators encounter problems related to understanding the content of educational methodological terms and producing adequate translations of certain terms. One of the urgent tasks of this research is to systematize methodological terms encountered in teaching English as a foreign language and to create a bilingual educational methodological textological dictionary. The research analyzes the distinctive features of existing dictionaries in this field and explores the principles of systematizing educational methodological terms and dictionary compilation. This analysis is significant for the precise and consistent definition of terms used in the methodology of language teaching. As a result of the investigations and analyses, the importance of a dictionary of educational methodological terms has been highlighted, along with a proposal to develop principles for dictionary creation.
Comparative Analysis and Features of the Phonetic Structure in Russian and English Languages
Authors: Apzhaparova A. , Bektashova Zh. , Karimova M.
Published: December 2024

With the increasing cooperation and development of civilizations, the need to learn foreign languages is also increasing. Languages are very diverse. At the same time they are fundamentally similar and have much in common. Every language is an expression of thought through sounds produced by human beings. That is why it has become necessary to distinguish between phonetics and many other aspects of each language. The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the phonetic systems of English and Russian languages. The authors of the article reveal the peculiarities and regularities of the functioning of the components of the phonetic systems of the studied languages.
Linguistic Analysis of Parliamentary Debates in the Jogorku Kenesh: Strategies of Persuasion and Conflict
Authors: Kulubekova A. , Mamatkyzy K. , Burkanova Zh.
Published: December 2024

This article examines the linguistic features of parliamentary debates in the Jogorku Kenesh, focusing on the persuasive and conflict strategies employed by Kyrgyz parliamentarians. The study analyzes rhetorical techniques, argumentation patterns, and discursive practices used to influence legislative decision-making and public opinion. Particular attention is paid to how language is strategically utilized to assert dominance, build alliances, and navigate political conflicts within the parliament. The findings highlight the interplay between cultural, social, and political factors in shaping the linguistic dynamics of parliamentary discourse in Kyrgyzstan.
Images and Concepts of 'Intellect' in Scientific and Literary Texts
Authors: Dzhumabaeva A. , Ilimbekkyzy M. , Uruksatbekkyzy A.
Published: December 2024

This article explores the representation of the concept of 'intellect' in scientific and literary texts, focusing on the diverse ways intellectual qualities are depicted and understood across different genres. The study examines the linguistic and cultural tools employed in both scientific discourses, where 'intellect' is often framed through objectivity and rationality, and literary works, where it is portrayed through metaphor, symbolism, and emotional depth. By analyzing key examples, the paper identifies universal and genre-specific approaches to conceptualizing intellect, highlighting the interplay between cultural values, societal norms, and the evolving perception of intellectual qualities.
Penerapan Good Corporate Governance Berbasis Nilai Budaya Siri’na Pacce sebagai Solusi Penguatan Tata Kelola Perusahaan
Authors: Hirman Akhmad Akram , Putri Diana , Hamidah -
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Implementation of Good Corporate Governance Based on Siri'na Pacce Cultural Values as a Solution for Strengthening Corporate Governance.Objective: This research aims to analyze the implementation of Good Corporate Governance Principle based on Siri’na Pacce values.Method: Case study field research was employed with employees as informants.Results: The implementation of GCG in the company by applying cultural practices of Siri’na Pacce is in accordance with applicable regulations. Novelty: The practice of GCG in the company from a cultural perspective, especially the Siri’na Pacce culture which forms the company’s culture.Contribution: This article provides alternative solution for companies in terms of GCG implementation from the perspective of Siri’na Pacce so that the company can grow rapidly by employing local wisdom.
Penerapan Good Corporate Governance Berbasis Nilai Budaya Siri’na Pacce sebagai Solusi Penguatan Tata Kelola PerusahaanTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji implementasi prinsip GCG berbasis Siri’na Pacce.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus dengan para karyawan sebagai informan.Hasil: Implementasi prinsip GCG di perusahaan tersebut dengan mempertimbangkan praktik budaya Siri’na Pacce sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Kebaruan: Praktik GCG pada perusahaan dari perspektif budaya Siri’na Pacce yang membentuk budaya perusahaan.Kontribusi: Artikel ini menjadi solusi bagi perusahaan dalam hal implementasi GCG dari sudut pandang Siri’na Pacce agar perusahaan tersebut dapat berkembang pesat dengan memanfaatkan kearifan lokal.
Developing and Implementing a Custom Wiki-like Notation System for Embedding Structured Metadata Through RDFa and Dublin Core for ESNBU
Authors: Bogdanov Stanislav
Published: December 2024

This editorial explores the methodologies we adopted and the impact of embedding structured, machine-readable metadata into our content. By transitioning from conventional metadata practices to a semantic approach, we aim to enhance discoverability, interoperability, and the accessibility of our scholarly work. The subsequent sections will delve into the technical underpinnings of RDF, RDFa, and DublinCore, and demonstrate how these tools enable web crawlers and algorithms to "understand" and process metadata in a meaningful way. Additionally, we present visualizations and practical applications of the enriched metadata, highlighting its transformative potential in the digital academic landscape.
Experimental matrix of organizing independent nursing process in a psychiatric hospital
Authors:   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «Samara Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital», Samara, Russia, Ovchinnikova O. V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents an experimental experiment on developing an independent nursing
process in working with psychiatric patients, including: developing relevant documentation in
electronic and paper form; forming an experimental team of nurses for practical testing of the
developed matrix of an independent nursing process based on a comprehensive study of the
problems of a psychiatric patient; training psychiatric nurses in mastering the developed matrix;
testing this methodology in the conditions of the tuberculosis department of a psychiatric
hospital; analysis of the effectiveness of the developed methodology of autonomous nursing
intervention based on a comprehensive study of the difficulties of individuals of the studied
category; implementation of the methodology in the treatment process of the department;
monitoring the results of the effectiveness of the latest development of an autonomous nursing
process for the analysis of long-term results and improvement.
The purpose of this study was to create a new method for a comprehensive analysis of problems
and their solutions in patients with mental disorders.
Results. The decisive problems of patients with mental disorders were identified. A special team
of nurses was formed to implement the experimental study in their work activities. The staff
received appropriate training briefings, explained the goals and objectives of the experiment.
Implementation of an innovative matrix for organizing independent nursing interventions in
the practical activities of mid-level medical personnel of a psychiatric profile. An analysis of
the effectiveness of the experimental process was made.
Conclusion. The development and implementation of innovative mechanisms for improving the
psychiatric nursing process has a productive moment. The proposed matrix has a comprehensive
effect on the block of mental, physical and social problems of the patient, which solves a
number of pressing issues and increases the productivity of nursing activities in psychiatry.
This allows saving human resources, which is important in the age of a catastrophic shortage
of medical personnel. Also of great positive significance is the achieved reduction of time and
economic costs when working with psychiatric patients, which effectively solves the difficulties
they encounter, mainly of a physical and mental nature.
Influence of ethical principles on patient safety in nursing practice. Responsibility of mid-level medical workers in the sphere of healthcare of the population of the Russian Federation (literature review)
Authors:   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Samara Region «Volzhsky District Clinical Hospital», Samara Region, Pridorozhny, Russia, Inozemtseva S. V.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the algorithm of actions of a medical worker in the event of
conflict situations in order to ensure safety and increase the effectiveness of diagnostic and
therapeutic measures.
The purpose of the article is to improve the knowledge of mid-level medical workers about
moral and ethical standards, rules and principles of professional behavior when communicating
with patients, their relatives and colleagues, about the rights of the patient and health
care worker, about the ethical foundations of modern medical legislation, as well as about
the responsibility of health care workers in the process of carrying out professional activities.
Results. The information presented in the article will allow mid-level medical workers to acquire
the skills of observing professional etiquette and analyzing the results of their own activities
to prevent medical errors, as well as to improve their professional competencies.
Conclusion. The moral duty of any medical worker is to be a professional. Professionalism is
an obligation, neglect of which can lead to legal liability.
Compliance with business etiquette is the responsibility of every medical worker
Authors:   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution  Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky City Emergency Medical Station, Kamchatka Region, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia, Perminova S. A. , Karaseva l.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Domestic medicine has always been concerned about compliance with the norms and
rules of conduct of medical workers, moral and ethical principles. Medicine, since the time of Hippocrates, has been a priority in these matters and such virtues as mercy, kindness, philanthropy
have taken root in a multifaceted profession - the profession of a nurse.
Factors of mental stress in the situation of assessing the knowledge of senior school children
Authors:   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Moscow «S. P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital» of the Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russia, Ekimova N. A. , Izevlina N. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russia
Published: December 2024

Identifying students with low adaptive capacity to academic workloads is a necessary
condition for improving the psychophysiological safety of the educational environment.
Identifying children at risk who are prone to developing psychosomatic disorders due to
academic overload means preventing their possible development in time. The importance
of the problem and its insufficient study in the psychological literature, especially in terms
of studying the factors contributing to the formation of a high level of neuropsychic stress,
determined the choice of the topic of the article.
Objective. To determine the factors that determine the level of neuropsychic stress in the
situation of assessing knowledge of senior schoolchildren.
Results. A theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the problem under study was
carried out; factors influencing the level of neuropsychic stress of senior schoolchildren in
the situation of assessing knowledge were identified and substantiated; psychodiagnostic
tools were selected; an empirical study was conducted to test the hypothesis put forward.
Conclusion. The mental states of senior schoolchildren of medical classes, in the situation
of assessing knowledge, are influenced by motivation for success (avoidance of failure), the
level of self-esteem and the level of personal anxiety.
Prediction of outcomes of restrictive bariatric surgery for morbid obesity
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Bashkir State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Galimov O. V. , Khanov V. O. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Bashkir State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nasyrova K. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Bashkir State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Galimov D. O. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Bashkir State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ibragimov T. R. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Bashkir State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sufiyarov R. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Bashkir State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a description of the invention, aimed at the development of a
method for predicting the results of surgical treatment of morbid obesity in a restrictive bariatric
surgery, ensuring improved results of surgery for morbid obesity.
Laparostomy in treatment of patients with diffuse peritonitis (an analytical review)
Authors:   Department of Faculty Surgery, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev N. V. , Klimov A. E. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Jaghnoun K. M. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Synkova M. D. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Rodriguez A. A. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this review is to conduct an analysis of the results of using current
methods of treatment of patients with generalized peritonitis applying the laparostomy technique
(«open abdomen») and assess the prospects for its development.
General considerations. There are currently no generally accepted methods of laparostomy satisfactory
to surgeons in the treatment of patients with peritonitis. The results of systematic
reviews are often difficult to interpret due to the combination of studies with and without control
groups, as well as dif ferent methodologies used to analyze the results. The use of laparostomy
has many advantages, but at the same time, patients are at risk of developing complications
such as intestinal fistulas, formation of adhesions (frozen abdomen), occurrence of intestinal
abscesses, delays in the final closure of the wound, and formation of ventral hernias. The use of
the «open abdomen (OA)» method is indicated in the case of abdominal sepsis (septic shock),
inability to control the source of infection, when using damage control tactics, in the presence of
an extensive abdominal wall defect and significant intestinal paresis, as well as edema leading
to the development of compartment syndrome. Laparotomy has a 7–12 days limit, after which
the risk of intestinal fistulas and other wound complications increases. In all cases, it is necessary
to strive for delayed closure of the anterior abdominal wall wound as early as possible.
Conclusion. There is no convincing evidence in favor of choosing the «open abdomen» method
or primary closure using on-demand relaparotomy in patients with secondary peritonitis. Further
research in the development and use of new, more effective, and safe devices for temporary
closure of the abdominal cavity, as well as obtaining reliable scientific evidence and developing
clear indications for the OA technique are necessary.
Comparison of microsurgical and endoscopic approaches to removing lumbosacral spine hernias
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ngankam Leon ,   Pirogov Hospital Limited Liability Company, the City of Tver, Rotenfeld A. E. ,   Pirogov Hospital Limited Liability Company, the City of Tver, Petrova T. P. ,   Pirogov Hospital Limited Liability Company, the City of Tver, Ustinov P. O. ,   Pirogov Hospital Limited Liability Company, the City of Tver, Boltik A. A. ,   Pirogov Hospital Limited Liability Company, the City of Tver, Mikhalchuk A. B. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Pirogov Hospital Limited Liability Company, the City of Tver, Guseva E. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: December 2024

Degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine rank first in the number of temporary disability
days and second among the reasons for visiting a physician. (1) Disc hernia is a consequence of
degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine representing a local displacement of disc elements
outside the disc. Herniated disc bulges are most common in the 30-50-year-old population.
This paper describes in detail the aetiology and pathogenesis of intervertebral disc hernia development,
provides classifications of degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine according to Osna, Pfirrmann, and presents the classification of intervertebral hernias of the North American Spine Society. The authors also described the clinical picture: vertebrogenic pain syndrome, radiculopathy, urinary disorders,
and cauda equina syndrome were characterised.
The aim of the study was to compare the microsurgical technique of herniated discs removal with the endoscopic technique, as well as to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Using data from both domestic and foreign studies, the authors compared these methods and identified the features of each one of them. As an illustration of the microsurgical method, a detailed analysis of a clinical case of removing an intervertebral hernia of the lumbosacral spine was performed. As materials and methods, the authors used the data of the patient»s medical history and the surgery protocol.
Blood cytokine levels in patients with combined and multiple skeletal injuries
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H. M. Berbekov», Nalchik, Russian Federation, Ivanova Z. O. , Sabanchieva Zh. Kh. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H. M. Berbekov», Nalchik, Russian Federation, Bayram N. Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H. M. Berbekov», Nalchik, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Introduction. With regard to changes in blood cytokine levels and the development of posttraumatic
complications, monitoring of these parameters may help in understanding the role of blood cytokines in the development of inflammatory reactions after trauma and the potential possibility of using
them as biomarkers to predict the severity of the systemic inflammatory response. The purpose of the
study: to investigate the role of cytokines in the development of inflammatory reactions after trauma and the possibility of using them as biomarkers. Material and methods. The study included 228 patients with combined trauma of organs of several cavities and skeletal traumas. IL-8, IL-10, TGFβ, and IL-4 concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay method in strict accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions (R&D Systems, USA). Results and Discussion. As a result of the study, IL-6 increased in
patients on day 1–2 after injury, as did IL-8, IL-10, TGFβ, and IL-4. IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TGFβ indices in patients remained high on day 5–7 and tended to increase, while, on the contrary, IL-4 index tended to decrease. In our study we found the increase of TGFβ-1 index 1–2 days after the patient's injury and it reached the maximum values (TGFβ-1–134 ng/ml). Conclusion. Changes in the indices of the studied blood cytokines in trauma patients revealed an imbalance in inflammatory reactions after trauma, which was more pronounced in patients in severe conditions and in patients with complications.
Tissue-engineered skin equivalents in treatment of burn wounds
Authors:   Plastic Surgery Clinic «Art Plastic», Lebedeva Yu. N. ,   N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleksanyan T. A. ,   Plastic Surgery Clinic «Art Plastic»; Oncology and Plastic Surgery Department, Academy of Postgraduate Education, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Fominykh E. M. ,   Federal Healthcare Institution of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the City of Moscow 5SBHI MR Podolsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Gevorkyan V. S. ,   SBHI MR Podolsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Ivanov A. P. ,   Department of Purulent Surgery, Federal Healthcare Institution of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the City of Moscow, Rogovaya O. S. ,   N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorotelyak E. A. ,   N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasiliev A. V. ,   N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

It is well known that the loss of more than 40 % of the skin surface due to a burn
is life-threatening and is accompanied by a shortage of skin suitable for transplantation. The
physiological temporary replacement of the skin and saving the patient's skin during the final
closure of wounds are crucial in the strategy of helping such victims. These goals can be
achieved by using biological analogues of the lost skin: allogeneic cadaveric skin or tissue
equivalents (materials containing skin cells). Currently, there is no production of available tissue
equivalents with viable cells in the Russian Federation for the treatment of burn wounds, while
the worldwide practice has accumulated significant experience in their use, and their strengths
and disadvantages have been analyzed. The review presents literature data on terminology
and classifications of tissue equivalents, taking into account the possibilities of their practical
application, and their current clinical significance. The article describes the results of a limited
clinical application of the biological equivalent of the skin developed by the N. K. Koltsov Institute
of Developmental Biology of the RAS for patients with burns.
A differentiated approach to treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with chronic viral hepatitis
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical University, Republic of Uzbekistan, Samarkand, Sadriev N. N. , Rafikov B. R. ,   Nikiforov All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, Russia, St. Petersburg
Published: December 2024

Currently, in the CIS countries there is an unfavorable epidemic situation for hepatitis
B and C, which predominate in the structure of parenteral viral hepatitis [1,3,5]. In terms of
the breadth of distribution, degree of morbidity, severity, frequency of development of chronic
forms, and economic damage, this type of viral hepatitis ranks among the first in human
infectious pathology [6,18]. From 2020 to 2023, a clinical and instrumental study of the condition
of periodontal tissues in chronic diffuse liver diseases of viral origin was conducted in 110
patients aged 20–60 years at the Samarkand Regional Dental Clinic. At the first stage, out of 110
participants of the study group, there were 50 patients with mixed infection of viral hepatitis B,
group B+C-2. Control group 3 consisted of 25 people with chronic periodontal diseases without
chronic viral liver diseases. At the second stage, to further compare the effectiveness of our
complex immunocorrective and anti-inflammatory therapy, against the background of a mixed
infection of chronic viral hepatitis B, C, and B+C, patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic
general periodontitis were divided into two groups: 1 — control group (39 patients with chronic
viral hepatitis who received traditional treatment for chronic general periodontitis); 2 — microbial
contamination in the oral cavity of the patients showed that strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis
(38.1 %, 33.2 %) and mixed B+C infection in the microflora of the patients with chronic hepatitis
B and C were more diverse: Staphylococcus epidermidis (16.6 %), Staphylococcus aureus
(13.5 %), Str. salivarius (12.2 %), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (13.4 %), yeast and yeast-like
bacteria (21.7 %), and Candida (22.6 %). A study of slgA levels in saliva revealed a significant
decrease in these indicators compared to reference values. In a study of local immunity, the level
of slgA in saliva decreased to mild — 0.44 g/L, moderate — 0.35 g/L, and severe — 0.28 g/L
(usually 0.15–0.54 g/L). The described complex therapy plays an important role in the treatment
of periodontitis, along with hygienic measures, helps restore impaired immunological changes,
significantly reduces inflammation, participates in the regenerative process of periodontal
tissues, and significantly increases the time of remission.
Gambaran Perbedaan Tingkat Burnout Perawat Berdasarkan Karakteristik Pribadi Selama Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Alya Rintan Fauziyyah , Zamralita  , Idulfilastri Rita Markus
Published: December 2024

Pandemi Covid-19, yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2, menempatkan tenaga kesehatan, terutama perawat, sebagai garda terdepan dalam menangani pasien. Beban kerja yang tinggi dan risiko penularan langsung menyebabkan perawat menghadapi tekanan fisik dan psikologis yang signifikan. Mereka kerap merasa cemas, takut menularkan penyakit, kelelahan berkepanjangan, hingga mengalami gejala trauma. Di Amerika Serikat, 63% tenaga kesehatan melaporkan mengalami stres terkait pandemi, yang disebabkan oleh beban kerja berlebih, peningkatan pasien, dan rasa takut. Kondisi tersebut dapat menyebabkan burnout, yakni kondisi kelelahan ekstrem yang melibatkan gangguan kognitif dan emosional serta tekanan mental. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 83% tenaga kesehatan mengalami burnout, baik dalam tingkat sedang maupun berat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi burnout meliputi beban kerja, karakteristik pasien, ketidakpuasan kerja, dan kualitas pelayanan. Burnout juga dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik personal, seperti usia dan jenis kelamin, di mana perawat yang lebih tua lebih mampu mengelola emosi dibandingkan perawat yang lebih muda, dan perawat perempuan lebih rentan terhadap stres dibandingkan laki-laki. Pentingnya kesehatan mental dan fisik perawat sangat ditekankan agar mereka dapat memberikan pelayanan yang optimal kepada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan burnout di kalangan perawat di Jakarta berdasarkan karakteristik personal mereka. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dan non eksperimental. Untuk pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik convenience sampling, dan jumlah partisipan sebanyak 121 partisipan. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Burnout Assessment Tool. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan adanya tingkat burnout yang rendah pada perawat.
Numerical Simulation of Microcellular Injection Molding: A Case Study
Authors: Chaabene A. , Ben Khalifa A. , Chatti S.
Published: December 2024

The microcellular injection molding, often referred to as MuCell®, is an innovative polymer processing technique that utilizes supercritical inert gases, such as CO2 or N2, to manufacture lightweight plastic products. This technology has gained significant attention in recent years due to environmental concerns and the increasing demand for lightweight components with superior mechanical properties. However, challenges related to surface finish quality and limited mechanical properties have impeded its widespread adoption. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the microcellular injection molding process. To evaluate the practicality of the MuCell® process, an industrial case study is conducted, assessing its production reliability and overall product quality. A comparative rheological analysis is performed to discern the distinctions between MuCell® and traditional injection molding, thus validating the claimed advantages of microcellular injection. Based on the accrued findings, it is deduced that MuCell® proves to be a pertinent injection molding technique for fabricating lightweight plastic components featuring enhanced dimensional stability, reduced shrinkage, and minimized warping when compared to conventionally injection-molded parts.
Machine Learning-Driven Parametric Analysis of Eco-Friendly Ultrasonic Welding for AL6061-CU Alloy Joints
Authors: Karan A. , Arungalai Vendan S. , Nagaraj M. R. , Chaturvedi M. , Sivadharmaraj S.
Published: December 2024

This study outlines the research conducted to examine the mechanical behaviour and microstructural characteristics of Al-Cu dissimilar wires joints welded using ultrasonic joining process that commonly finds application in automotive components, heat exchangers and electrical home and industrial appliances. The primary focus is on the metallurgical transformations to evaluate the pattern of molecular diffusion and spread within the weld, the consistency of diffusion, and the resulting alterations in strength caused by ultrasonic vibrational heat. This procedure entails conducting experimental trials to join the wire materials according to per design of experiments, wherein the process parameters significantly influencing the output are systematically varied, and consequently, subjecting the joints to shear testing. Subsequently, the welded specimens undergo microscopic examination and the images are captured using image analysers. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures are examined to gain insights into the surface shape and assess the degree of weld production and performance. The findings demonstrate a direct correlation between the vibrational temperature and the weld strength. In addition, the joint surface exhibits a consistent weld pattern in the majority of the samples, with just a few instances of inconsistencies when the trail is carried out at low heat input. Electrical resistance at the joints is measured to understand the electrical parametric variations if any due to process parameters. A machine learning tool is employed to forecast the weld strength and joint resistance for differing ranges of process parametric values and accordingly optimize it.