bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A theoretical model for estimation of work function reduction for MXenes with hydroxyl termination
Authors: Strikha M. V. , Antoniuk D. V.
Published: March 2023

This article presents a simple model that explains significant reduction of work function in MXenes Тіn+1Сn with hydroxyl termination and demonstrates matching results to ones in the existing literature, obtained via complex computing based on the first principles. This model can be applied for results evaluation of the hydroxyfunctionalization of various MXene types, due to prospects of the creation of novice emission electronics devices.
La acción narrativa en las obras de Miguel Delibes. Aplicación de metodología activas en los niveles léxico, sintáctico y textual en el aula universitaria
Authors: Sevilla-Vallejo Santiago
Published: March 2023

La acción narrativa es un método de análisis literario que fomenta que fomenta que el alumno haga uso operativo de los niveles lingüísticos y, entre otros conceptos, el arco mimético de Paul Ricoeur para realizar una reflexión personal. Este trabajo presenta una justificación legal y un planteamiento teórico para abordar la literatura desde la acción narrativa en el aula de magisterio, de forma que los alumnos trabajen en el lenguaje de forma operativa y se relacionen de forma personal con la lectura. Se aplica a la obra de Delibes porque ofrece a los alumnos un reto de acercarse a la riqueza lingüística y temática de sus narraciones y adaptarlas a su aula y comunicar, utilizando las redes sociales, sus resultados en formato Booktube. Finalmente, se pueden apreciar los resultados que generan los alumnos respecto de los niveles léxico, sintáctico y textual y su nivel de satisfacción.
The potential of wheat straw high yield MEA pulp for enhancing strength properties of recycled paper
Authors: Salehi Kamyar , Kordsachia Othar , Saake Bodo
Published: March 2023

This study investigated the blending of unbleached wheat straw high yield MEA (monoethanolamine) pulp with recycled pulp to improve the strength properties of recycled pulp. First, the cooking temperature in MEA high yield pulping was stepwise reduced from 160 °C to 120 °C to enhance pulp yield as much as possible. The optimum temperature for the intended application was 130 °C. In the second series of cooking performed at this temperature, the MEA charge was gradually reduced. However, with the reduction of MEA charge, the Kappa number rapidly increased. The solvent recycling was considered in a third series by reusing black liquor two times. The Kappa number increase, due to partial reuse of black liquor, was low, and the pulp strength remained at a high level. A MEA straw pulp, prepared without black liquor reuse, was refined with low energy input to various beating degrees to evaluate the refining behavior and strength development. The MEA straw pulp samples with different beating degrees were blended with recycled pulp. The ratio of blending varied between 5% and 20%. The results revealed that MEA straw pulp was well-suited as a reinforcement pulp. All strength properties of the recycled pulp, except tear strength, were improved.
Effect of elevated heat sealing pressure on the gas tightness of press-formed paperboard trays
Authors: Leminen Ville , Pesonen Antti , Tanninen Panu , Varis Juha
Published: March 2023

The quality of press-formed paperboard trays and its effect on the leakproof heat-sealability of the lidding film is known to depend on the quality of the sealed trays and the parameters of the sealing process. In this study, the elevation of the sealing pressure and its effect on the leak-proof heat-sealing of press-formed trays with reduced surface quality were investigated. Trays with varying quality were manufactured and heat-sealed with a lidding film, using three different sealing pressures. The quality of the sealed trays was evaluated using oxygen content measurements, leak detection by a coloring solution, and microscopic analysis. The results showed that using a higher, elevated pressure resulted in a lower oxygen content in the packages during the analysis. The results also showed that even a high sealing pressure was not enough to achieve a leakproof seal if the quality of the sealed trays was not in a satisfactory level, for example as a result from a low forming force.
Characterization of pre-treatments on wood chips prior to delignification by near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Louhelainen Jarmo , Lehto Joni , Kłosińska Teresa , Drożdżek Michał , Alén Raimo
Published: March 2023

A near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy-based method for predicting yields and lignin contents of differently pre-treated silver/white birch (Betula pendula/B. pubescens) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) chips was developed. The approach was to create multivariate calibration models from the NIR data by the partial least squares (PLS) method. Both parameters are important factors when adjusting adequate conditions for pre-treatments either with hot-water (HW) as such and slightly acidified HW (collectively referred to as autohydrolysis) or dilute alkaline aqueous solutions prior to alkaline pulping. Pre-treatment conditions were varied with respect to temperature (130 °C and 150 °C) and treatment time (from 30 min to 120 min). In the case of alkaline pre-treatments, the NaOH charge was 1% to 8% NaOH on wood dry solids (DS). The yields varied in the range 81.2% to 99.3% (in autohydrolyses) and 83.5% to 97.9% (in alkaline pre-treatments). High correlation coefficients and low prediction errors in relation to conventional yield and lignin content data clearly indicated the suitability of NIR spectroscopy combined with the multivariate modeling as an effective and fast tool for this purpose. This technique also showed promising possibilities for developing practical process control methods to follow such pre-treatments.
Effects of enzyme treatment on surface properties of Mg(OH)2-based peroxide bleached deinked pulp
Authors: Yun Na , He Beihai
Published: March 2023

Enzyme (laccase/mediator or lipase) treatment, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) surface analysis techniques were combined to explore the surface properties of Mg(OH)2-based peroxide bleached DIP (deinked pulp). The XPS survey spectra and SEM images showed that some trace elements, such as calcium, silicon, and aluminum, were present on the sample surface, in addition to the main elements, carbon and oxygen. The surface of enzyme-treated pulp was covered by the precipitated lignin or extractives. However, when the enzyme-treated pulps were bleached, the amount of precipitated lignin or extractives was considerably reduced. Lipase-treated, bleached pulp had better physical properties and lower effective residual ink concentration (ERIC) values than laccase/mediator-treated bleached pulp, which further indicated that lipase not only removed surface lignin and extractives, but it also was able to remove more residual ink contaminants.
Is the quality of the non-native Douglas-fir wood produced in the Czech forests comparable to native softwoods?
Authors: Giagli Kyriaki , Timko Lukáš , Gryc Vladimír , Vavrčík Hanuš
Published: March 2023

Important physical and mechanical properties were evaluated for Douglas-fir wood produced in a non-native environment. The specimens were obtained from 15 healthy co-dominant trees growing in three different sites located in the Czech Republic; they were studied for density, shrinkage, compression, and bending strength. The average density of the wood was 562.74 ± 62.47 kg·m-3 at 12% MC. The total volumetric shrinkage was in line with the respective literature, whereas the compression strength and modulus of rupture were found to be higher than the native Douglas-fir wood as well as several European softwoods. The properties of the wood produced in the Czech forests indicate the possibility of producing Douglas-fir timber of high quality.
Caracterización bioinformática y producción de L-asparaginasa de Bacillus sp. M62 aislado de las salinas de Maras, Cusco, Perú
Authors: Calderón-Toledo Susana , Tapia-Bañez Ysamar , Jiménez-Aliaga Karim , Esquerre-Huallpa Cynthia , Zavaleta Amparo Iris
Published: March 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue realizar la caracterización bioinformática, así como optimizar la producción de L-asparaginasa extracelular de Bacillus sp. M62 aislada de las salinas de Maras (Cusco). Para ello, se verificó la producción de L-asparaginasa mediante el viraje del medio M9 modificado con azul de bromofenol 0.0075%, pH 7.4 a 37 °C por 72 h. A la vez, se extrajo el ADN genómico para amplificar los genes ribosómicos 16S y el gen ansA3. La secuencia aminoacídica codificada por el gen ansA3 se predijo mediante análisis bioinformático. La producción de L-asparaginasa intracelular y extracelular se evaluó a diferentes niveles de glucosa, L-asparagina, NaCl y pH en el medio M9 modificado. Adicionalmente, las actividades enzimáticas de L-asparaginasa y L-glutaminasa se determinaron mediante cuantificación del amonio liberado por el método de Nessler. Así, Bacillus sp. M62 produjo el viraje del medio M9 modificado, obtuvo alta similitud y cercanía evolutiva con Bacillus licheniformis, se encontró que el gen ansA3 amplificado codificaba para 319 aa, dentro de la cual se predijo una secuencia patrón del sitio activo (GFVITHGTDTM ) y 15 sitios inmunogénicos. La producción de L-asparaginasa extracelular fue superior a la intracelular, la que se optimizó de 0.37 U/mL (0.24 U/mg) a 2.15 ± 0.39 U/mL (0.63 U/mg). Finalmente, se encontró que Bacillus sp. M62 presenta L-asparaginasa extracelular con mínima actividad de L-glutaminasa.
Ausencia de síntesis de trehalosa en Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 y Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans CF27 a baja temperatura
Authors: Castañeda-Fernandez Maria , Sulca Marcos , Ramirez Pablo
Published: March 2023

La trehalosa es un tipo de carbohidrato, que en procariotas protege contra diferentes tipos de estrés y también se utiliza como fuente de almacenamiento de carbono. Hay cuatro formas diferentes de sintetizar trehalosa en Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans y dos en Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, pero su propósito sigue siendo desconocido. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo medir la producción de trehalosa en diferentes condiciones mediante su cuantificación en tres medios de cultivo a dos temperaturas diferentes. También se evaluó la cinética de crecimiento de ambas especies y se analizó la concentración de trehalosa durante la fase estacionaria temprana mediante un método enzimático. Los resultados mostraron que el medio 9K modificado con hierro ferroso a 28 °C tuvo la mayor producción de trehalosa, con A. ferrivorans CF27 con una mayor producción de 0.34 µmol/mg de proteína en comparación con A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 a 0.31 µmol/mg de proteína. Al utilizar CuS, la producción de trehalosa fue menor, con 0.02 y 0.03 µmol/mg de proteína para A. ferrivorans CF27 y A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270, respectivamente, mientras que en presencia de zinc no se detectó trehalosa. A 15°C, el método enzimático no detectó trehalosa en los tres medios de cultivo, lo que indicaria que este carbohidrato no protege contra las bajas temperaturas en ninguna de las especies.
How "Madame Bovary" is written (Flaubert and his narrator). Part 2
Authors: Tolmatchoff Vasily
Published: March 2023

In a paper, written in polemics with mythology of the Flauberian studies of XX, particularly of the Soviet origin (the so-called realism or new realism, objectivism, impersonality, rationality of Flaubertian manner in “Madame Bovary”, identification of the author and his skills with the narrator, etc.), a figure of the narrator in this novel is discussed in full detail for the first time. This figure, a concrete person and a creator of narrative, is corresponded with Flaubert on various levels (biographical, gender, psychological, rationally creative, intertextual, subconscious) as well as with the characters (including the narrator on his own, his self-reflexion, psychological and psychic complexes, aims, methods and stylistics of narration). Antifeminine dimension of the narrative. «We» of the narrative is interpreted as a controversial sum of “I”, “non-I”, “other I-ies”, shadow projections of “I”, theatrical metamorphoses of “I”. In context of a special position of the narrator bourgeoisness, literatureness of the social consciousness, romanticism, palimpsest of the narrative, the double ending, and also the motives of story-telling and justification of creative efforts are analyzed. Symbolically the main events of the narrator’s world are death and positioning of himself as an inventor of fictions (“the lies”), a highly personal narrative the roots of which are in his school childhood, his mania of additional details and of endless improvement of his text. The narrator as a madman and an author of the madman’s diaries. The characters of the novel as artists. A study of the poetics of repetitions, mirror scenes, colours (blue, red, green), erotics, nature, historical details permits V. M. Tolmatchoff to introduce a rather new interpretation of Flaubert’s work as belonging to romanticism (partially baroqian, partially classical). The paper reconstructs chronology of events, age of the characters and poses a problem of Flaubert as inventor, of a meaning of non-correspondence in his novel between purely fictional time-space and strict historical details.
"A nest of the gentlefolk" or "Liza": on the reception of Turgenev’s novel by English readers
Authors: Burmistrova Yulia
Published: March 2023

Ten years after publishing A Nest of the Gentlefolk in Sovremennik in 1859, an English translation of the novel appeared prepared by English researcher and translator William Ralston Shedden-Ralston. The scholar was particularly interested in Russian literature and contributed a lot to its popularity in England. He translated the works of Ivan Krylov, Nikolay Nekrasov, Alexander Ostrovsky and Ivan Turgenev who was the constant addressee of his letters. Getting permission to translate and publish A Nest of the Gentlefolk in English, Ralston was very careful with the original text and stayed in touch with the author in debatable or hard moments in the book. He even sent the full version for Turgenev to check and edit before publication. In general, the translation turned out very accurate though some moments were still missing from it. But nevertheless one significant change was made. The new title — Liza — was doomed to offer new interpretations of Turgenev’s work. Highly praising the novel, the critics, however, shifted the focus on female character and the love story which was destroyed by the religious feelings of the character. They saw the possible threat of human happiness in Liza’s appeal to God which differed greatly from the Russian interpretation of her action. The present article is dedicated to the analysis of British and American lifetime critic reviews on the novel A Nest of the Gentlefolk where their unique understanding of Turgenev’s work expressed.
Resonance Structure of 8Be within the Two-Cluster Resonating Group Method
Authors: Kalzhigitov N. , Kurmangaliyeva V.O. , Takibayev N.Zh. , Vasilevsky V.S.
Published: March 2023

A microscopic two-cluster model is applied to study the elastic alpha-alpha scattering and the resonance structure of 8Be. The model is an algebraic version of the Resonating Group Method (RGM), which involves the complete set of oscillator functions to expand the wave function of a two-cluster system. The interaction of nucleons inside each cluster and the interaction between clusters are determined by the well-known semirealistic nucleon-nucleon potentials which are employed in calculations. They differ by a size of the core at small distances between nucleons and realize the strong, moderate, and weak cores. They allow us to study dependence of calculated quantities on the shape of a nucleon-nucleon potential. The detailed analysis of resonance wave functions is carried out in the oscillator, coordinate, and momentum spaces. Effects of the Pauli principle on the wave functions of the 8Be continuous spectrum states are thoroughly studied.
Darcy–Brinkman Bio-Thermal Convection in a Porous Rotating Layer Saturated by a Newtonian Fluid Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms
Authors: Kopp M.I. , Yanovsky V.V.
Published: March 2023

The bio-thermal convection in a rotating layer of a porous medium saturated with a Newtonian fluid with gyrotactic microorganisms is studied on the basis of the Darcy–Brinkman model. A linear analysis of the bio-thermal convection is carried out using the Galerkin method for rigid-rigid boundary conditions. In a stationary regime, we obtained a dispersion equation with a relation between the thermal Rayleigh–Darcy number and the Rayleigh–Darcy number of bioconvection. The influence of the Peclet number, gyrotaxis, Darcy number, Rayleigh–Darcy number, cell eccentricity, and rotation parameter on bioconvective processes is analyzed and shown graphically. The results indicate that an increase in the rotation parameter (Taylor number) delays the onset of the bioconvection, whereas an increase in the cell eccentricity can stimulate the onset of the bioconvection.
Improving Food Security through Financial Inclusion
Authors: Astuti Rini , Hartono Djoni
Published: March 2023

Financial inclusion may accelerate food insecurity reduction, an issue in Indonesia’s development. However, studies examining the relationship between financial inclusion and food security remain inconclusive and scarce in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how strong the relationship between those variables is, both in general and within specific groups. This study mainly used data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) 2020. Food security is measured by dietary diversity score (DDS), while financial inclusion is measured by household accessibility to savings and credit. The association between those variables is examined using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results show that financial inclusion is positively related to household food security at a significant level, in general, and according to poverty status and location category. Therefore, expanding financial inclusion may be suggested as an alternative to improve food security. JEL Classification: C31, G20, O10 How to Cite:Astuti, R.,& Hartono, D. (2023). Improving Food Security through Financial Inclusion. Etikonomi, 22(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i1.26632.
Parental Perceptions of Penicillin Allergy Risk Stratification and Delabeling
Authors: Antoon James W. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Carroll Alison R. , Johnson Jakobi , Stassun Justine , Bonnet Kemberlee , Schlundt David G. , Williams Derek J.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Penicillin (PCN) allergy labels are widely recognized to be highly inaccurate. Little is known about parental perceptions of the PCN allergy evaluation and removal process, especially in the hospital setting.

METHODS

Focus groups were held with parents of children and adolescents with a PCN allergy label discharged from a large academic children’s hospital between January 1, 2019, and April 15, 2020. The open-ended, semistructured moderator guide included questions about PCN allergy testing and evaluation, accuracy of the PCN allergy diagnosis, amoxicillin oral challenges, delabeling process, and preferred setting for PCN allergy delabeling evaluation (outpatient clinic, hospital, etc). Study investigators coded the transcripts and identified underlying themes using inductive and deductive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 21 parents and 2 adolescents participated across 4 focus groups. We developed a theoretical framework depicting key elements of parents’ and adolescents’ experiences with PCN allergies, consisting of 4 major interconnected themes: (1) family context; (2) the invitation to delabel; (3) decision context; and (4) the PCN delabeling outcome. PCN allergies remained a concern for families even if their children passed an oral challenge. Some parents preferred testing to be performed in the hospital and felt this was a safer location for the procedure.

CONCLUSIONS

Parents are amenable to hospital based PCN allergy evaluation and delabeling. Further studies should incorporate parental and patient preferences to implement safe and effective PCN allergy delabeling processes in the hospital setting.
НАПРЯМКИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ КОНСТРУКТИВНО-КОМПОНУВАЛЬНИХ СХЕМ КОСМІЧНИХ ГОЛОВНИХ ЧАСТИН
Authors: Danilchenko D. , Dron N.
Published: March 2023

Сучасні задачі досліджень та вимоги до засобів їх виконання, а саме космічних апаратів обумовлюють нові тенденції розвитку і вдосконалення засобів їх захисту на етапі підготовки до старту та виведенні на орбіту, таких як космічні головні частини, надаючи їм нових функціональних можливостей. Вони істотно відображаються на їх конструктивно-компонувальних схемах. В даній статті розглянуті конструктивно-компонувальні схеми та приведена класифікація космічних головних частин розробки «Конструкторське бюро «Південне», SpaceX, Rocket Lab та інших закордонних аналогів, а також їх основні відмінності, в тому числі системи, підсистеми, схеми стикування стулок головного обтічника і використовувані матеріали. На підставі розглянутих переваг і недоліків існуючих космічних головних частин, були визначені нові напрямки розвитку їх конструктивно-компонувальних схем, зокрема використання матеріалів з високою питомою міцністю та жорсткістю, багаторазових ракет космічного призначення, в тому числі їх складових частин – стулок головного обтічника. Також приведено варіант вдосконалення складової частини ракети космічного призначення, а саме космічної головної частини, що полягає в її багаторазовості використання за рахунок доопрацювання розгінного блоку, оснащення парашутними системами та замками розділення та стикування стулок головного обтічника багаторазової дії, приведена одна із вдосконалених конструктивно-компонувальних схем, її переваги і недоліки та принцип роботи. Визначені нові задачі застосування космічних головних частин, які полягають у їх попутному використанні для відводу на орбіту захоронення або повертанню на поверхню Землі корисного вантажу. Наведено напрямки для подальших досліджень, які полягають у вдосконаленні систем поділу на стулки головного обтічника та конструктивно-компонувальної схеми в цілому.
HALL-EFFECT THRUSTER ST-25 WITH PERMANENT MAGNET
Authors: Voronovsky Dmitry Konstantinovich , Kulagin Sergey Nikolaevich , Maslov Victor Vladimirovich , Petrenko Olexandr Nikolaevich , Tolok Stanislav Victorovich
Published: March 2023

Results of development and experimental tests of Hall-effect Thruster ST-25 are presented. This thruster is intended for application on small space vehicles. With the purpose of decrease of input electric power in the magnetic system of the thruster a permanent magnet is applied. The permanent magnet is located at the base of the central magnetic core. The permanent magnet provides most of the magnetic induction in the accelerating channel of the thruster, while the side magnets provide precise magnetic field adjustment. Laboratory testing of the ST-25 thruster were realized with application of the preheated hollow cathode which is operated in auto mode at the discharge current 0.5 … 0.9 A. In the process of developing the thruster, its laboratory tests were carried out with a laboratory prototype of the Xenon system for storing and supplying a working substance. The laboratory supply system provided the supply of the working gas to the anode unit 0.65 ... 0.90 mg /s and 0.07 ... 0.10 mg / s to the hollow cathode. The characteristics and parameters of the thruster were obtained using a discharge power supply that has the properties of a voltage source and a power source. The discharge power supply is the part of the flight prototype of the power processing unit. Laboratory tests have confirmed the rightness of the technical decisions stopped up in the structure of the thruster. Methodology of the thruster ST-25 start at the use of preheated cathode and flying prototype of the discharge power supply were improved. Possibility of application of such type of Hall Thrusters on space vehicles with the size of on-board electric power of that is limited to the size 200 - 300 W were confirmed.
ПЕРЕВАГИ РАКЕТИ З КОМПОЗИТНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ
Authors: Lazareva J. , Tkachov Y. , Lazarev I.
Published: March 2023

У статті розглядається масовий розрахунок одноступінчатої твердопаливної ракети-носія з композитного матеріалу, а саме розрахунок коефіцієнта вагової досконалості. Зменшення коефіцієнта вагової досконалості пов'язано із застосуванням нових конструктивно-компонувальних рішень, а також із використанням нових матеріалів. Пропонуємо розглянути питому міцність композитного матеріалу «кевлар», як найбільш застосовуваного в ракетобудуванні композитного матеріалу. В даний час великі перспективи в ракето- та літакобудуванні пов'язують з композиційними матеріалами через їх привабливі механічні характеристики. Наведені приклади компонентів конструкцій ракет з композитного матеріалу «кевлар», які використовуються в даний час в наступних країнах: США та Франція. Запропоновано рішення задачі по виведенню корисного вантажу на низьку орбіту одноступінчатої ракетою-носієм з ракетним двигуном твердого палива, в той час, як з цим завданням може впоратися лише двоступінчата металева ракета з рідинним ракетним двигуном. У даній статті пропонується порівняти енергетичні можливості одноступінчатої твердопаливної композитної ракети з двоступеневою металевою ракетою з рідинним ракетним двигуном. Розглянуто можливість збільшення довжини камери згоряння ракетного двигуна твердого палива, а отже і всієї ракети, (не зменшуючи стійкості корпусу) при використанні згоряння  композитного корпусу ракети-носія твердого палива. Показано переваги використання корпусу ракети-носія з композитного матеріалу над ракетою з металевим корпусом, а так само спробуємо довести, що при використанні підходів запропонованих в даній статті, можна вирішити комплексну задачу, пов'язану не тільки з енергетичними і масовими характеристиками ракети-носія, а й супутні завдання - конструкторські та екологічні.
ВИПРОБУВАЛЬНИЙ СТЕНД ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНИХ СИСТЕМ ОРІЄНТАЦІЇ І СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ КОСМІЧНИХ АПАРАТІВ
Authors: Skidan Е. , Kulabukhov А.
Published: March 2023

Запропоновано випробувальний стенд, що складається з трьох пар взаємно перпендикулярних котушок і блоку управління з програмним забезпеченням. Завданням стенду є імітація зміни магнітного поля Землі під час руху КА по орбіті для відпрацювання алгоритмів роботи системи кутової орієнтації і стабілізації космічного апарату. Система має шість незалежних котушок, які мають різні параметри в зв'язку з особливостями конструкції. У статті описаний розрахунок кількості витків і вибір діаметра дроту котушок, розрахунок струму і напруги живлення для підтримки потрібної кількості ампер-витків, вибір геометричної конфігурації і розрахунок геометричних параметрів котушок, а також структурну схему і опис блоку управління. Дана система здатна забезпечити напруженість поля в п'ять разів більше поля Землі. Ступінь неоднорідності модуля напруженості поля не перевищує 1% в сфері радіусом 150 мм, що відповідає розрахунковим даними. Блок управління підтримує ручне управління кожної пари котушок, змінюючи напруженість магнітного поля, також забезпечує стабілізацію по току і магнітному полю, використовуючи датчики струму і магнітометр, підвішений на штативі. Блок управління має захист по перевищенню струму і напруги, і також, захист від короткого замикання. Для управління реалізований стандартний інтерфейс USB, для підключення до персонального комп'ютера. Вихідні каскади блоку управління реалізовані за схемою Н-моста. Програмне забезпечення дозволяє управляти блоком управління в ручному і в автоматичному режимі, використовуючи модель магнітного поля Землі, тим самим імітуючи магнітне поле з огляду на характер руху космічного апарату, що дозволяє більш точно визначити характеристики системи кутової орієнтації і стабілізації.
ПРОЦЕСИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДИФУЗІЙНИХ ЗВАРНИХ З’ЄДНАНЬ ПО ОХОПЛЮВАНИХ ПОВЕРХНЯХ ПЕРЕХІДНИКІВ ТИТАН-СТАЛЬ ДЛЯ КУЛЕБАЛОНІВ СИСТЕМ НАДДУВА
Authors: Karpovych О. V.
Published: March 2023

У роботі наведено результати експериментальних досліджень дифузійного зварювання з'єднань по поверхнях, що охоплюються, з титанового сплаву ВТ6 та нержавіючої сталі 12Х18Н10Т. Мікроструктурний аналіз з'єднань 12Х18Н10Т-ВТ6 та концентраційних кривих титану та алюмінію показав, що зі зменшенням часу зварювання ширина перехідної зони з'єднання зменшується за рахунок скорочення дифузійної ділянки з боку титанового сплаву. З боку сталі концентрація титану не змінюється і призводить до утворення інтерметалідних прошарків, ширина яких зменшується незначно. Це пояснюється високою швидкістю утворення інтерметалідів в умовах зварювання. Зміна додаткових факторів, які впливають на швидкість утворення інтерметалідів, таких як зниження температури зварювання та величини тиску не дозволить отримати необхідну площу контакту та забезпечити достатню активацію поверхонь, що зварюються, для утворення дифузійного з'єднання між деталями. Розрахункові значення коефіцієнтів дифузії вищі за табличні коефіцієнти об'ємної дифузії на кілька порядків (103...104), що підтверджує дислокаційний механізм дифузії елементів у з'єднанні 12Х18Н10Т-ВТ6, отриманого методом дифузійного зварювання по поверхнях, що охоплюються. Міцність з'єднань підвищується зі зменшенням часу витримки до певної межі, а потім збільшується незначно, що підтверджує припущення про високу швидкість утворення інтерметалідів. Міцність зварних з'єднань помітно нижче міцності основного металу – нержавіючої сталі (міцність сталі 12Х18Н10Т на зріз складає 330-380 МПа). Для отримання з'єднань по поверхнях, що охоплюються, з титанового сплаву ВТ6 і нержавіючої сталі 12Х18Н10Т з необхідною міцністю доцільно дослідити процес дифузійного зварювання через проміжний мідний прошарок.
A Comprehensive Overview of In-patients Treated for Hepatocellular Carcinoma at a Tertiary Care Facility in Tanzania
Authors: Mwanga Ally , Mwakipesile James , Kitua Daniel , Ringo Yona
Published: March 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, only a limited number of studies on HCC have been conducted in Tanzania. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional study among in-patients treated for HCC in a tertiary referral hospital located in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in order to provide a concise description of the clinical characteristics and treatment options offered in the study setting. We identified 36 in-patients treated for HCC over a 6-month data collection period. Seventy-seven percent (n = 28) of the participants were males and about two-thirds (61.2%) were aged between 40 and 60 years. Majority (44.4% [n = 16]) of the patients had Child-Pugh class B and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 2 (33.3% [n = 12]). Patients with tumors >6.5 cm and multinodular tumors (>3 nodules) accounted for 69.4% (n = 25) and 55.6% (n = 20), respectively. Portal vascular invasion and extrahepatic metastasis were respectively present in 27.8% (n = 10) and 25% (n = 9) of the patients. Of the study participants, only two had early-stage disease as per the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, corresponding to the observed tumor resection rate of 5.6%. The most frequently reported inoperable factor among the study participants was an ECOG performance status > 0 (n = 30 [83.3%]). Findings thus reveal a high proportion of late-stage diseases among participants that could have resulted in the observed low tumor resection rate. Initiatives to facilitate identification of the disease at an early stage are therefore paramount in optimizing care.
Risk assessment of first-line treatment failure in untreated HIV patients in Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shchemelev Alexandr N. , Ostankova Yulia V. , Valutite Diana E. , Serikova Elena N. , Zueva Elena B. , Semenov Alexandr V. , Totolian Areg A.
Published: March 2023

The HIV infection epidemic in Russia continues to evolve, and HIV infection cases have been registered in all territorial entities of the Russian Federation. 2021 Treatment coverage was 82.2% and 56.4% individuals under dispensary observation and living with diagnosed HIV infection. 79.9% receiving ART subjects were shown to achieve undetectable viral load. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) currently represents a combination of three (less frequently four) antiretroviral drugs targeting pathways involved in various stages of HIV replication in vivo. Treatment failure is a problem facing doctors and patients using HAART. The most common cause of therapeutic failure is the development of HIV drug resistance. The emergence of resistance is associated with processes involving mutation occurring in the viral genome influenced by evolutionary factors. Therefore, it is important clinically and programmatically to learn more about the rate of first-line treatment failure, the rate of switching to a second-line ART regimen, and to identify patients at risk to develop strategies for preventing development of further failure cases. The study was aimed at analyzing ineffectiveness of first-line ART therapy in patients in Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Sequencing reactions were performed using the AmpliSens HIV Resist-Seq. Assembly of consensus sequences from fragments obtained during sequencing was carried out using Unipro UGENE software. Isolate genotyping was performed using the MEGA-X software with the Neighbor-joining algorithm. Results. The HIV pol genes in 239 patients with first-line ART failure and 100 nave patients were sequenced; all sequences genotyped as HIV-1 subsubtype A6. According to analysis, 82% of patients had at least one significant mutation associated with drug resistance for the corresponding viral subtype. In total, we encountered 87 different drug resistance mutations. Conclusion. We have shown increased proportion of patients with first-line ART failure among all patients with treatment failure. The main cause for such changes is probably related to the prevalence of primary drug resistance, estimated here at 8%. Specific differences were found between drug resistance mutation profiles in patients without suppressed viral load and patients with virological breakthrough. The overall results of the study indicate a need to diagnose and characterize HIV drug resistance prior to initiation of therapy in order to avoid ineffective first-line antiretroviral treatment.
Mant’o: pinturas rupestres en un lugar de tránsito y transición en los Andes amazónicos del Cusco
Authors:   Sociedad de Investigación de Arte Rupestre de Bolivia (SIARB), Hostnig Rainer
Published: March 2023

An article which discusses the exceptional paintings of Mant’o in the Calca, province of Department Cusco, Peru. After outlining a geographical and historical context of the area and refering to the state of research into the paintings, the author presents a detailed and illustrated description of each of the six subsites of Mant’o, concluding with a synthesis concerning the distribution of motifs, iconographic and stylistic particularities and an approximation of chronology, function and meaning of the paintings.
La barca en La huida a Egipto: segundo caso documentado en la pintura andina
Authors: Isidoro Martín , Domoñi Clelia
Published: March 2023

By discovering in the storage of the Prelature of the Juli’s Matriz Church, a second case of the presence of the boat on the Flight into Egypt in the Andean painting, it has been made a tour though several paintings of this theme broadly – present in that church –. They were analyzed with the methodology of “correspondences” of engravings as graphic sources and have been linked with Latin inscriptions. These Juli’s paintings have served to outline timelines and issues of style about collavina school. Collao’s Painting and sculpture were relevant in colonial South American art (especially the Jesuit Juli’s artistic center), but were not methodically made visible as an autonomous whole. This work is part of a broader objective that is in process: to give solid basis to the problem of Collavino style from case studies, relying on the ‘correspondences’ methodology to achieve greater scientific rigor. The enumeration and systematization of the constituent elements of this school seeks, first, the precise determination of the influences of European schools that served as support for the creation and, secondly, to establish what was the real contribution of American natives to international art history.
Grafiti en América Latina. Caso de Cuba – murales de propaganda
Authors:   Universidad de Łódź (UŁ) Sociedad Polaca de Estudios Latinoamericanos, Kotarski Jędrzej
Published: March 2023

The origins and the process of graffiti development on Cuba were different than in other parts of the continent. Due to the time of its appearance, initiators’ motivation, authors and viewers, dominating topics, graffiti was assigned an important propaganda function, supervised and controlled by the state. Subordinating street art to the revolution resulted in complete change in the character of graffiti. Propaganda murals beca me the element of public space of the country, confirming subsequent generations of viewers over the period of 50 years in necessity of permanent struggle and protection of revolution achievements. Thus, subject matter has not become messages of independent artists or average citizens, their perception of problems, expectations, but the vision and expectations of state authorities’ policy. The article is based mainly on observations and documentation gathered by the author in 2011; it presents the most important trends in the development and presence of propaganda graffiti on Cuba.
On Fair Division under Heterogeneous Matroid Constraints
Authors: Dror Amitay , Feldman Michal , Segal-Halevi Erel
Published: March 2023

We study fair allocation of indivisible goods among additive agents with feasibility constraints. In these settings, every agent is restricted to get a bundle among a specified set of feasible bundles. Such scenarios have been of great interest to the AI community due to their applicability to real-world problems. Following some impossibility results, we restrict attention to matroid feasibility constraints that capture natural scenarios, such as the allocation of shifts to medical doctors and the allocation of conference papers to referees.
We focus on the common fairness notion of envy-freeness up to one good (EF1). Previous algorithms for finding EF1 allocations are either restricted to agents with identical feasibility constraints or allow free disposal of items. An open problem is the existence of EF1 complete allocations among agents who differ both in their valuations and in their feasibility constraints. In this work, we make progress on this problem by providing positive and negative results for several matroid and valuation types. Among other results, we devise polynomial-time algorithms for finding EF1 allocations in the following settings: (i) n agents with heterogeneous (non-identical) binary valuations and partition matroids with heterogeneous capacities; (ii) two agents with heterogeneous additive valuations and partition matroids with heterogeneous capacities; and (iii) three agents with heterogeneous binary valuations and identical base-orderable matroid constraints.
3.11.6 FURNACES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS: THE MULTIZONE FURNACE MODEL
Authors: Truelove J. S. , Tucker R. J.
Published: March 2023

Replace the existing Sections 3.11.1-3.11.7 in the folder for Part 3 with the new Sections.
2.5.10	SINGLE-PHASE CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER: COMBINED FREE AND FORCED CONVECTION IN PASSAGES
Authors: Jackson John Derek
Published: March 2023

Replace the existing Section 2.5.10 in the folder for Part 2 with the new Section.
An evaluation of sexual dimorphism in head size and shape of Red Salamanders (Pseudotriton ruber)
Authors: Wang Kenneth , Brandon Tyshiona , McDonald Kelly-Ann , Pierson Todd
Published: March 2023

For many secretive species of amphibians and reptiles, observations of reproductive behavior are limited to sparse anecdotes from the field or to animals held in captivity. However, a careful examination of morphological differences between the sexes can help shape hypotheses about behaviors with which they may be correlated. For example, sexual dimorphism in head size and shape are correlated with courtship, territoriality, and mate-defense behaviors in some salamanders. One widespread species with a poorly described reproductive natural history is the Red Salamander (Pseudotriton ruber). Here, we measure head size and employ geometric morphometric methods to evaluate head shape in P. ruber, with the goals of: 1) quantifying and visualizing sexual variation; 2) forming hypotheses about reproductive behavior. We found preliminary evidence for differences in head size and shape that are consistent with mate-guarding behavior, and we remark upon directions for future research.
As mobilizações populares na criação da Área de Proteção Ambiental Parque e Fazenda do Carmo na Cidade de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Fulgêncio Rodolfo Valentino , Marino Cintia Elisa de Castro
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho tem como finalidade pesquisar como foi o processo de mobilização constituído pelos moradores e associações que reivindicaram junto aos órgãos públicos tanto na esfera municipal quanto estadual a preservação de uma área tendo como desdobramento a criação da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Carmo. A metodologia do presente trabalho consistiu em uma análise do caso com interpretação dos fenômenos observados a partir das discussões fomentadas pelo referencial teórico baseado em uma revisão de literatura sobre os movimentos e as mobilizações sociais, os quais se enquadram nesse processo analítico de característica qualitativa. Para a realização desta investigação científica foi necessária uma visão holística com vistas a obter a descrição mais ampla possível dos atores sociais e públicos envolvidos. O processo de pesquisa de campo ocorreu por meio de pesquisas individuais com membros e lideranças dos movimentos sociais das comunidades envolvidas que protagonizaram essas ações ocorridos entre os anos de 1985 e 1993. A análise de dados ocorreu a partir das narrativas dos entrevistados que discorreram sobre os acontecimentos na época onde a sociedade civil organizada trabalhou junto a administração pública para elaboração da legislação que criou a APA do Carmo. A relevância da pesquisa consiste sobre o fenômeno da mobilização social na criação desta área de proteção ambiental, que contribui com as questões ambientais atuais e temas de mobilizações sociais da contemporaneidade em prol do meio-ambiente. A discussão busca entender o dinamismo do fenômeno como instrumentos para defesa dos interesses coletivos de natureza social frente a gestão pública.

Palavras-chave: Movimentos sociais, mobilizações, meio-ambiente, área de proteção ambiental.
Corrigendum: Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain levels in multiple sclerosis and non-demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: clinical and biochemical perspective
Authors: Editors Biomol Biomed
Published: March 2023

Corrigendum to: Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain levels in multiple sclerosis and non-demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: clinical and biochemical perspective.
This corrigendum corrects funding information to: This project was partly supported by Gazi University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAP) (project code: 01/2019-38). The authors would like to thank Gazi University for funding this project.
The authors sincerely apologize for the error and confirm that this correction does not change the conclusion of the article.
КОНСТИТУЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ АКАДЕМИКА АНДРЕЯ САХАРОВА: ВЗГЛЯД ИЗ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭПОХИ
Authors: ФЕДОТОВ Михаил Александрович , ДЕЙНЕКО Алексей Геннадьевич
Published: March 2023

В статье, приуроченной к 100-летию со дня рождения лауреата Нобелевской премии мира выдающегося ученого-физика и правозащитника академика Академии наук СССР А.Д. Сахарова, предпринята попытка анализа положений конституционного проекта, подготовленного им незадолго до своей кончины в 1989 г. Проект рассматривается в общем контексте теоретического наследия Сахарова, включая его работы в области исследования будущего. В качестве примера форсайт-исследования используется статья «Мир через полвека», написанная весной 1974 г., а следовательно, срок реализации прогноза наступает в 2024 г.

 В статье подробно анализируются предложения А.Д. Сахарова по преобразованию Союза ССР в новое государство — Союз Советских Республик Европы и Азии. Рассматриваются мотивы, побудившие автора предложить именно такое наименование для реформируемого государства, а также его взгляды на то, каковы должны быть основы конституционного строя, правовое положение личности, национально-государственное устройство, система органов государственной власти.

Конституционные идеи, воплощенные в проекте «сахаровской Конституции», анализируются в контексте накопленного в нашей стране за последние годы опыта конституционного строительства и во взаимосвязи с такими современными вызовами для системы прав человека, как цифровизация и конфронтация.
Kegel exercise and Psychosexual counselling for ED in SCI v1
Authors: M Amran Hossain K
Published: March 2023

The protocol describes the intervention provided in both "Kegel exercise and psychosexual counselling", and "usual counselling" for the study titled "Effectiveness of Kegel exercise and psychosexual counselling versus usual counselling for managing erectile dysfunction in incomplete spinal cord injury" This study was approved by International Review Board (IRB), BHPI, and CRP and the reference number is CRP/BHPI/IRB/06/2020/394. The study has also been registered to Clinical Trial Registry India (CTRI) and the registration number for this trial is CTRI/2020/07/026395
Native English teachers’ beliefs and practices in teaching oral communication: A multiple case study in China
Authors: Wang Lan , Lam Ricky
Published: March 2023

Although previous studies in the education field have investigated how teachers’ beliefs and practices converge or diverge, native English teachers’ (NETs) beliefs and practices remain underrepresented and underexplored, particularly with respect to university-level English speaking instruction in the Chinese context. This qualitative study used interviews and classroom observations over one semester to examine the pedagogical beliefs and actual classroom practices of three NETs instructing a course in oral communication with English as a foreign language (EFL). Based on the data analysis, this multiple case study found that the three native EFL teachers’ practices converged with their beliefs related to language, teaching, and teachers’ roles. However, divergences existed in terms of teaching and student learning. Teachers’ personal, learner-related, and contextual factors modified teachers’ practices and affected their decisions in putting their beliefs into practice. The results imply that it is essential for NETs to engage in critical reflection and enhance their professional agency, which helps them make appropriate classroom decisions to achieve resonance between their beliefs and practices. University administrators in the Chinese context may consider creating a more conducive environment for teacher training, increasing NETs’ sense of belonging, and further facilitating teachers’ professional development.