bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Schließen mit Erfahrungssätzen
Authors: Janßen Paola
Published: July 2021

When dealing with experiential sentences in court, there is a risk of committing the probabilistic inverse fallacy, the swapping of conditional probabilities. Such a fallacy can be serious in legal decision making. Using empirical methods, the dissertation shows that this fallacy can be observed in civil procedural court decisions in which prima facie evidence is used and can have a significant impact on decision making. The dissertation was written at the Research Unit "Statistics in Court" of the Chair of Empirical Economic Research and Applied Statistics at the University of Bremen.
Das verfassungsrechtliche Dogma der Zweielternschaft
Authors: Kallikat Sinje
Published: July 2021

How many parents can a child have?

According to the German Federal Constitutional Court, „subjects of parental rights for a child […] may only be one mother and one father.“ The author reconstructs and examines the normative and empirical premises underlying the constitutional dogma of dual-parenthood, in particular from a sociological and comparative law perspective (with the law on multi-parenting in British Columbia, Canada). Thereby, she explores the constitutional framework for family law legislation in Germany.
Berufsordnungen im Rahmen der Verfassung
Authors: Krekeler Sebastian
Published: July 2021

Although the medical employment law addresses only the medical profession immediately, it does have a considerable impact on third-party rights. The statutory prohibitions of the medically assisted suicide are relevant in regard to the legal status of patients as well as in regard to the long-standing prohibition to perform reproductive medical treatments for women in homosexual relationships. This impact provides an opportunity to closely focus on the constitutional boundaries of the setting of norms regarding the functional self-administration Subsequently, these findings are applied to the regulations of the employment law. This work does not only focus on medical law but also discusses basic constitutional doctrines.
Therapeutic Effects of Intra-articular Botulinum Neurotoxin Versus Physical Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Rezasoltani Zahra , Dadarkhah Afsaneh , Tabatabaee Seyed Morteza , Abdorrazaghi Fateme , Kazempour Mofrad Morteza , Kazempour Mofrad Reza
Published: July 2021

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common cause of chronic knee pain, and disability and different modalities have been used to improve pain and function. Botulinum toxin intra-articular injection is proposed to manage resistant joint pains. Objectives: This study was carried out to compare therapeutic effects of intra-articular botulinum neurotoxin (BTX) versus physical therapy (PT) in KOA. Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, patients with KOA attending to Imam-Reza Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from June 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into BTX receiving a single intra-articular dose of 100 units (250 units from disport brand) and PT groups. The study was described for patients, and informed consent forms were received. For assessment of the pain and related severity, the VAS score and KOOS scales were used. Post-intervention assessment was done 1, 3, and 6 months after the intervention. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05. All data analyses were performed with SPSS version 26 for windows. Results: In this study, 50 patients were randomly divided into BTX and PT groups. All patients completed the study, and there was no loss to follow-up. There was no significant difference between demographic data of the two groups, including age and BMI. The VAS score was similar in the two groups at the beginning. KOOS subscales were not significantly different, but the quality of life was better in the BTX than the PT group (86.2 ± 15 vs. 72.1 ± 11.5, P < 0.001). One month after the intervention, all KOOS subscales were improved in the BTX group in comparison to the PT group (P < 0.001). This difference was statistically significant in the 3rd (P < 0.001 in all comparisons except Sport/Rec subscale in which P = 0.02) and 6th months (P < 0.001) after the intervention, and the improvement in all KOOS subscales and VAS score were higher in the BTX group than the PT group. The trend of KOOS subscales and VAS score was improved over time in the BTX (P < 0.001 in all tests), but the PT group showed no improvement (P > 0.05) except for Sport/Rec and VAS score (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Totally, it is concluded that the use of BTX can reduce pain and improve the function and quality of life in patients with KOA.
Phytoecia (musaria) argus (Frölich, 1793): A new longhorn beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) for the fauna of Serbia
Authors: Stojanović Dejan
Published: July 2021

In total, 550 species of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) exist in Europe. The most recent checklist of Cerambycidae family of Serbia cited 265 species and 92 subspecies, belonging to 109 genera, 48 tribes, and six subfamilies in the country. However, the presence of 28 species reported from Serbia is questionable. Here we present the first finding of Phytoecia (Musaria) argus (Frölich, 1793) for the fauna of Serbia. The species was collected in May and June 2018 on Stol mountain (near the town of Bor, Eastern Serbia). Additionally, data on morphology, bionomy and distribution of the longhorn beetle species are given. With this finding, the total number of longhorn beetle species in Serbia is estimated at 266. This species could be used as an indicator for the assessment of the nature value and conservation status of natural habitats in Serbia and Europe.
Erebia aethiops (Esper, 1777) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): A new member of the fauna of higher elevations of the Kopaonik mountain
Authors: Stojanović Dejan
Published: July 2021

Erebia aethiops (Esper, 1777) is an Eurasian butterfly species. Results of the previous studies revealed the presence of only four species belonging to the genus Erebia (Dalman, 1816) on Kopaonik mountain (Mt. Kopaonik), including Erebia ligea (Linnaeus, 1758), Erebia euryale (Esper, 1805), Erebia medusa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) and Erebia ottomana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847). A recent finding of the species Erebia oeme (Hübner, 1804) pointed to insufficient research of this group of mountain butterflies on Mt. Kopaonik. This is confirmed by the last finding of Erebia aethiops (Esper, 1777) on two locations at high elevations of Mt. Kopaonik.
Current state of the application of artificial intelligence in reliability and maintenance
Authors: Pokorni Slavko
Published: July 2021

Introduction/purpose: At the end of 2019, the Government of the Republic of Serbia adopted the Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Republic of Serbia for the 2020-2025 period. This was a motivation for the author of this paper to try to give an overview of the current artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the field of reliability and maintenance, as well as its future applications. Methods: The overview is done mainly using available literature, mostly from the Science Direct database, using abstracts generally, and in some cases whole papers. Results: The result of this research is an overview of the artificial intelligence applications in the field of reliability and maintenance in the past thirty years. It also showed that AI systems can also be unreliable and need maintenance. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence is and can be applied in reliability and maintenance. The research of available literature showed that AI is more applied in maintenance than in reliability. The progress in AI is inevitable, so it is important to understand its potentials for application in reliability and maintenance as well as its possible drawbacks.
Problems to Ponder
Authors: Holmstrom Megan , Korponic Megan
Published: July 2021

Problems to Ponder provides 28 varying, classroom-ready mathematics problems that collectively span PK–12, arranged in the order of the grade level. Answers to the problems are available online. Individuals are encouraged to submit a problem or a collection of problems directly to mtlt@nctm.org. If published, the authors of problems will be acknowledged.
Bartonella spp. in cats
Authors: Drigotaitė Paulė , Razgūnaitė Miglė , Radzijevskaja Jana , Paulauskas Algimantas
Published: July 2021

Bartonella spp. are gram-negative, haemotropic bacteria infecting both a wide range of animals and humans. The currently known vectors of Bartonella spp. are fleas, ticks, lice, and sand flies. Domestic cats are the main reservoir for B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae, and B. koehlerae. Bartonella infections in cats vary from mild to deadly and, since they usually have no specific symptoms, they are often underestimated. This review provides information on Bartonella infections in cats, their biology, and pathogenicity.
Resisting Borders: Transnational Cartographies in US Latinx Studies
Authors: García-Avello Macarena
Published: July 2021

This article examines the evolution of the borderlands as an organizing trope by focusing on how the transcendence beyond cultural nationalist perspectives traces the shift from Chicano/a to Latinx discourses. In order to address this issue, I will analyse two twenty-first-century Latinx texts that delve into the intricate ways in which transnational forces collide with economic, cultural and political processes that persistently revolve around the framework of the nation-state: Alicia Gaspar de Alba´s Desert Blood: The Juarez Murders (2005) and Maya Chinchilla´s The Cha Cha Files: A Chapina Poética (2014). The corpus of works selected will focus on the political readings derived from textual negotiation with a changing political, social and economic reality. This results in constant tensions between globalising processes, worldwide interconnectedness and transnational interactions, on the one hand, and the regulatory power of the state, on the other.
Afroperipheral indigeneity in Wayde Compton’s The Outer Harbour
Authors: Cucarella-Ramón Vicent
Published: July 2021

Black Canadian writer Wayde Compton’s short story collection The Outer Harbour (2015) is located in the Afroperiphery of British Columbia which stands as a ‘contact zone’ that enables the alliances between Black and Indigenous peoples and also establishes a fecund ground of possibilities to emphasize the way in which cross-ethnic coalitions and representations reconsider imperial encounters previously ignored. The stories participate in the recent turn in Indigenous studies towards kinship and cross-ethnicity to map out the connected and shared itineraries of Black and Indigenous peoples and re-read Indigeneity in interaction. At the same time, the stories offer a fresh way to revisit Indigeneity in Canada through the collaborative lens and perspective of the Afroperipheral reality. In doing so, they contribute to calling attention to current cross-ethnic struggles for Indigenous rights and sovereignty in Canada that rely on kinship and ethnic alliances to keep on interrogating the shortcomings of the nation’s multiculturalism.
Знак пророка Јоне
Authors: Топаловић Владислав
Published: July 2021

У раду се сагледава питање религијског плурализма на примјеру Књиге пророка Јоне. Својим универзалним концептом спасења аутор ове старозавјетне књиге, која је настала у постегзилном добу, стоји насупрот партикуларизма Јездре и Неемије. Посебну важност у тексту ове књиге има Божије име „Бог Небески“, које означава то да је Он уни- верзалан и наднационалан. У хришћанској егзегези Књига пророка Јоне често је служила као основ антијудаистичких тумачења. Јона је приказиван као типични Јудејац. Савремена хришћанска теологија треба да нађе модел односа са сопственим антијудејским насљеђем и понуди тумачење Књиге пророка Јоне које ће бити прихватљиво у религијски плуралис- тичком контексту.
PI Regulator with Tracking Anti-Windup Based Modified Power Balance Theory for SAPF under Unbalanced Grid Voltage Unbalance Non Linear Loads
Authors: Laid Zellouma , Kamel Khechiba , Amar Benaissa
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a modified power balance theory for extracting the reference compensating currents to shunt active power filter (SAPF) which is applied to illuminate current harmonics and compensate reactive power under unbalanced voltages and unbalancing Nonlinear loads. A new method has been proposed based proportional-integrator (PI) controller with tracking anti-windup protection is presented. The power balance theory is used to establish suitable current reference signals. The studied is carried out with Matlab/Simulink and power system tools to verify the performance of the proposed technique. The filtering method of the SAPF can achieve the THD% limit specified by the IEEE-519 standard.
A Comprehensive Review of Swarm Optimization Algorithms for MPPT Control of PV Systems under Partially Shaded Conditions
Authors: Pilakkat Deepthi , Kanthalakshmi S. , Navaneethan S.
Published: July 2021

Nowadays many researchers have been investigating on different photovoltaic (PV) modeling methods, various configurations of arrays, numerous algorithms, converter topologies etc to improve the efficiency of solar system. Improving the efficiency of solar panel by utilizing the correct maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control has become more important for conceiving the solar power reasonably. For designing an efficient PV system, an appropriate literature review is necessary for all the researchers. In this paper, a compendious study of different Swarm Intelligence (SI) based MPPT algorithms for PV systems feasible under partially shaded conditions are presented. SI algorithms use motivation from the foraging nature of animals and insects. In the last few decades, SI has gained tremendous attention as it has been proven as an efficient control technique for global optimization problems.
In Memoriam – Prof. Ninoslav Stojadinovi´c
Authors: Dokic Branko
Published: July 2021

ON December 25, 2020, our friend, renowned scientist, educator, world renowned expert, and member of the Editorial Board of journal “Electronics”, Ninoslav Stojadinovi´c (20.09.1950–25.12.2020) lost the battle for his life against Covid-19.
Plastics in Porifera: The occurrence of potential microplastics in marine sponges and seawater from Bocas del Toro, Panamá
Authors: Fallon Bailey R. , Freeman Christopher J.
Published: July 2021

Microplastics (MP) are now considered ubiquitous across global aquatic environments. The ingestion of MP by fish and other marine vertebrates is well studied, but the ingestion of MP by marine invertebrates is not. Sponges (Phylum Porifera) are particularly understudied when it comes to MP ingestion, even though they are widely distributed across benthic habitats, can process large volumes of seawater, and can retain small particles within their water filtration systems. This study examines the presence of potential MP (PMP) in wild marine sponges and seawater collected in Bocas del Toro, Panamá. Subsurface seawater and tissue from six common Caribbean sponge species was collected in Saigon Bay, a heavily impacted, shallow-water coral reef. Seawater samples were filtered onto glass fiber filters to retain any PMP present and sponge tissue was digested with bleach, heated and filtered. Filters were examined using fluorescence microscopy to quantify PMP. An average of 107 ± 25 PMP L–1 was detected in seawater from Saigon Bay with particles ranging in size between 10 μm and ~3,000 μm. The number of PMP found in sponge tissue ranged between 6 ± 4 and 169 ± 71 PMP g–1 of dry tissue. Most particles found in sponge samples were very small (10–20 μm), but fibers greater than 5,000 μm were detected. Our results indicate that PMP exists within the tissues of the sponges we studied, but future studies should confirm the presence of MP in sponges using chemical analysis. Most importantly, the discrepancy between low levels of PMP in our sponge samples and high levels in the surrounding seawater highlights the potential for sponges to resist and/or egest MP. Finally, we provide a critical evaluation of our methods to improve their use in future MP work with benthic marine organisms.
МЕТОДИКА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ВЛИЯНИЯ НИЗКОЧАСТОТНЫХ АКУСТИЧЕСКИХ ПОЛЕЙ ВЫСОКОЙ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ НА МОРСКИЕ СВЕТЯЩИЕСЯ ПЛАНКТОННЫЕ ОРГАНИЗМЫ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Бритенков А.К. , Машукова О.В. , Боголюбов Б.Н. , Сибирцова Е.Н. , Скуратовская Е.Н. , Мельник А.В. , Силаков М.И.
Published: July 2021

Акустическое загрязнение является опасной антропогенной нагрузкой на экосистемы Мирового океана. В настоящее время гидроакустические излучатели широко используются для решения разнообразных научных и прикладных задач, уже не ограничиваясь традиционными задачами дальней звукоподводной связи, телеуправления, освещения подводной обстановки, акустической термометрии океанского климата, мониторинга подводных объектов, геолого-, сейсмо- и рыбопромысловой разведки. Во многих из перечисленных приложений, в частности в задачах обеспечения дальней звукоподводной связи, а также при проведении геолого- и сейсморазведки, необходимы мощные источники низкочастотных гидроакустических полей. Создаваемое такими гидроакустическими излучателями звуковое давление достигает нескольких тысяч, а в некоторых случаях – десятков тысяч Па (приведённых к 1 м). Воздействие звуковых полей такой интенсивности на гидробионтов практически не изучено. Основной проблемой подобных исследований является сложность регистрации результатов воздействия мощных акустических полей на морские экосистемы. Настоящая работа посвящена разработке методики проведения исследований влияния мощных низкочастотных звуковых полей на светящиеся планктонные морские организмы. Методика основана на определении параметров биолюминесценции, являющейся одним из важнейших индикаторов функционального состояния гидробионтов.
Electronic Banking and Growth of Deposit Money Banks Operations: Nigeria Experience
Authors: Obi-Nwosu Victoria Ogochukwu , Onuoha Onyekachi Chibueze , Okoye Nonso John
Published: July 2021

The study examined the Nigeria experience of the influence of electronic banking on the growth of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The research design used for the study was the expost-facto research design. The data used in this study were obtained from the annual reports and statements of accounts of Nigeria deposit insurance corporation. CBN annual report and account, CBN statistical bulletin; various online journals and literature. In order to achieve the objective of this study, a linear regression was adopted on both functional and statistical models. The study found that internet banking has a negative impact on growth rate of total deposit of deposit money banks in Nigeria with a regression coefficient of -10.09143. Automated Teller Machine (ATM) operation                 has a positive impact on asset growth of deposit money banks in Nigeria with a regression coefficient 37.13510 and Point of Sale (POS) transaction has a positive impact on asset growth of deposit money banks in Nigeria with a regression coefficient 1.334829. The study therefore recommends among others that due to the insignificant relationship that exists between internet banking and deposit growth banks that are yet to fully adopt internet banking should do so as a matter of urgency if they must grow, remain relevant, competitive and profitable. Banks that seek to improve their deposit growth performance and offer numerous products / services in an effective, efficient and cost effective manner. There should be increased awareness creation about the use of smart cards for banking operations and banks should also improve the number of services that ATM can offer the banking public. The Central Bank of Nigeria should ensure that guidelines with respect to POS transactions are properly adhered to.
IFRS Adoption and Reporting Quality: An Assessment of User’s Perception in Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Aminu , Suleiman Hadiza Ahmed
Published: July 2021

The study assessed the perception of financial statement users on the extent of reporting quality following IFRS adoption in Nigeria. A comparative approach was utilized, where users’ (investors)opinions on reporting quality between the Statement of Accounting Standards (SAS) regime and the International Financial Reporting Standards regime were sought and compared. The results obtained from the structured Likert scale questionnaires were analyzed using the T-Test. It was found that all the qualitative characteristics of financial reporting which were used as reporting quality variables in the study have improved with the adoption of IFRS except for the extent of the ability of financial reports to confirm or correct prior user’s expectation which was discovered to be better during SAS regime. It was recommended that the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN) should embark on advocacy aimed at educating investors’ especially, institutional on the issue of prediction and assessment of IFRS-based financial statements.
Formulation and Evaluation of Captopril Mouth Dissolving Film
Authors: Iswariya V. T. , Deepika P. , Battu Sowjanya
Published: July 2021

The goal of this research is to develop captopril mouth dissolving films and evaluate the impact of various formulation factors on the physical and mechanical properties of the films, as well as drug release behaviour. In different grades, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC E15 and K4M) was employed as the film forming polymer. Formulation disintegration times were determined to be in the range of (52 2.5 to 125.6 2.02 s). Formula F2 had the fastest disintegration time in vitro (52 2.5 s) and was determined to be acceptable for film production with ideal physicochemical qualities, faster disintegration, and optimal in vitro release. It may be concluded that the solvent casting approach can be used to make captopril mouth dissolving films with a higher dissolution rate and greater patient compliance.
Fermotein Does Not Exert Genotoxic Effects in Bacterial Reverse Mutation and in Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Tests
Authors: Spiegel Marjolein Van Der , Driessche José J. Van Den , Leune Elisa , Knobel Kirsten , Laat Wim De
Published: July 2021

Aim: Fermotein is an innovative single-cell protein obtained from fermentation of the filamentous fungus Rhizomucor pusillus. Like other filamentous fungi, a lack of information on this species exists to assess its safety for human consumption. The capability to induce gene mutations or structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations of this fungus and derived products has never been studied before. The objective of the current study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of Fermotein using a bacterial reverse mutation test and an in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test.

Methodology: The bacterial reverse mutation test and in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test were performed in accordance with GLP and concurrent OECD guidelines. Dose-range finding tests were used to select appropriate doses of Fermotein Dry. The highest doses in the genotoxicity experiments were determined by the solubility of the mycoprotein.

Results: The bacterial reverse mutation test and in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test were performed in accordance with GLP and concurrent OECD guidelines. Dose-range finding tests were used to select appropriate doses of Fermotein Dry. The highest doses in the genotoxicity experiments were determined by the solubility of the mycoprotein.

Conclusion: No safety concerns regarding genotoxicity were identified for Fermotein and no further in vivo genotoxicity testing is required. Information from the current study contributes to the body of evidence for a novel food authorisation of Fermotein in the EU and a GRAS notification in the US.
A Study of RFR Effects on the Brain Neurochemistry during Pre- and Postnatal Brain Development
Authors: Owolabi Joshua Oladele , Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen , Luximon-Ramma Vimla
Published: July 2021

Background: The research was designed to model animals which mimic the exposure to the radiofrequency radiation [RFR] by habitual users of RFR-enabled devices and to observe possible aberrations in behaviours that are attributable to exposures. The research was designed to model cases of continuous, and intermittent exposures in human conditions, using Wistar rats. The primary objective of this study was to study intrauterine and postnatal exposure and study the effects brain structures, functions and behaviours in Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods: The experiment started with 42 pregnant rats that were exposed to RFR [4G] to observe the possibilities of RFR-induced teratogenic effects. Thereafter, half of the offspring were sacrificed for their brains to be studied at birth. The other half were exposed to RFR to observe postnatal effects of RFR radiation until puberty. The exposure regimen was the same for the mothers and the offspring in each group. What varied was he duration of exposure per day being 6 hours, 24 hours and 24 hours. Experimental Wistar rats were housed in facilities that enable exposure to specific dose (4G) of radiations during pregnancy (~21 days) of and during post-natal days until day 35, marking approximately the point of puberty. Following the dissection of the rat, brain tissue samples were homogenized in buffered phosphate saline [PBS]. The homogenates were centrifuged, and the supernatant was assayed for each neurotransmitter of interest. The values from each sample were recorded for the sample. The mean values for samples that constituted a group was calculated and statistically analyzed. ELISA biochemical assay kits were used.    

Results and Conclusion: RFR-exposure caused changes in neurotransmitters and enzyme neurochemistry.  Cytochrome C oxidase enzyme and neurotransmitters especially dopamine, gamma-amino butyric acid , glutamine and serotonin and their activities levels were significantly altered especially with prolonged duration in RFR exposure. These findings would altogether suggest that radiofrequency radiation exposure might change brain neurochemistry permanently following exposure either during the intrauterine or the postnatal stage of life. The implications of these changes on later life mental health and neurological attributes will require further investigation
Support Vector Machine Model for Predicting Gas Saturated and Undersaturated Crude Oil Viscosity of Niger Delta Oil Reservoir
Authors: Isemin Isemin , Oluwatoyin Akinsete , Julius Akpabio
Published: July 2021

Oil viscosity is one of the most important physical and thermodynamic property used when considering reservoir simulation, production forecasting and enhanced oil recovery. Traditional experimental procedure is expensive and time consuming while correlations are replete however they are limited in precision, hence need for a new Machine Learning (ML) models to accurately quantify oil viscosity of Niger Delta crude oil.

This work presents use of ML model to predict gas-saturated and undersaturated oil viscosities. The ML used is the Support Vector Machine (SVM), it is applicable for linear and non-linear problems, the algorithm creates a hyperplane that separates data into two classes. The model was developed using data sets collected from the Niger Delta oil field. The data set was used to train, cross-validate, and test the models for reliability and accuracy. Correlation of Coefficient, Average Absolute Relative Error (AARE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the developed model and compared with other correlations.

Result indicated that SVM model outperformed other empirical models revealing the accuracy and advantage SVM a ML technique over expensive empirical correlations.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Thiazolidinedione Derivative as Novel Antidiabetic Agents
Authors: Patel Shivkant , Sen Ashim Kumar , Dash Dillip Kumar , Sadhu Piyushkumar , Kumari Mamta , Baile Sunil Bhaurao
Published: July 2021

Thiazolidinedione derivative have Antihyperglycemic activity, they are agonists for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), which controls glucose synthesis, transport, and utilization via regulating the transcription of insulin-responsive genes. A number of novel insulin sensitizers are currently being researched. Several of these are derivatives of Thiazolidinedione, but others have different chemical structures. In this work, we created some new Thiazolidinedione derivative based on structure–activity relationship as closely as feasible. The Thiazolidine-2,4-Dione derivatives were manually developed and synthesized using the proper synthetic techniques, then tested in vitro for antihyperglycemic action using the Sucrose loading model (SLM) and the Alloxan induced diabetes model (AIDM). The newly synthesized Thiazolidine-2,4-Dione derivative was characterized using infrared (IR) and proton (H) nuclear magnetic resonance. In this study we found that Compound M-4 has a lot of antihyperglycemic action, thus it's a good idea to think about using it as a lead material for the creation of anti-diabetic drugs.
Prevalence of Sports Injuries before and during COVID-19 Quarantine among Adults of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alamir Moaath A. , AlMohaini Reem A. , Alharbi Ahmed A . , Almazied Mohammad K. , AlSwaji Ghada F. , Khoja Yousef T.
Published: July 2021

Aims: This study aims to compare the incident rate of sports injuries before and during the COVID-19 quarantine among active and nonactive adults and identify and compare patterns, types and sites of sports injuries.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: A self-administered online survey was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between June 2020 to November 2020.

Methodology: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional web-based survey on active and nonactive adults of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 537 respondents from Riyadh completed the questionnaire. The study included adults active during quarantine who are also residents of Riyadh. Residents of other cities and respondents younger than age 18 or older than 64 were excluded.

Results: A total of 537 participants fulfilled the criteria. More than half of the respondents were aged 18 to 24 years (54.7%). Of those who did not exercise before quarantine, 42.9% (n = 91) started during quarantine, while 26.5% (n = 86) of respondents who exercised before quarantine stopped during the quarantine. Running and walking were the most common sports practiced by 70.9% of respondents during quarantine and 63.1% before the quarantine. Muscle strain/tears were the most common injuries before quarantine (26.2%), while bruises were the most common injury during quarantine (28.6%). Soccer and basketball were the most affected by quarantine.

Conclusion: The number of active individuals had increased during quarantine. Paradoxically, the prevalence of sports injuries decreased. Soccer and basketball were the most significantly affected by a lack of participation during the quarantine; both were a common cause of sports injuries. Medical providers should investigate and support preventive measurements on sports that cause most injuries.
Tarzan, um negro: para uma crítica da economia política do nome de “África”
Authors: R. S. Ribeiro Marcelo
Published: July 2021

Desde 1912, inúmeros textos – romances, programas de rádio, histórias em quadrinhos, seriados de televisão, filmes – produziram e articularam representações da África em narrativas envolvendo Tarzan, criado pelo estadunidense Edgar Rice Burroughs (1875-1950). Tomando o nome de “África” como referência, os textos que orbitam e habitam o nome de “Tarzan” pertencem a uma genealogia ocidental e a uma história transcultural. Após abordar a economia da marca registrada “Tarzan ®” em sua circulação global, uma descrição breve e esquemática da filmografia de Tarzan me permite interrogar o que chamo de nomenclausura ocidentalista da “África”. Finalmente, por meio de uma leitura atenta de Moi, un noir (1959), de Jean Rouch, como um prisma através do qual a circulação global de Tarzan pode ser interpretada e reinventada, sugiro possibilidades de transbordamento imaginativo, abrindo o espaçamento transcultural da escritura da “África” como economia política do nome de “África”. Tarzan, a Black Man: Toward a Critique of the Polit Economy of the Name of “Africa”Since 1912, countless texts – novels, radio shows, comic strips, television serials, films – have produced and articulated representations of Africa in narratives featuring Tarzan, a character created by the US author Edgar Rice Burroughs (1875-1950). Taking the name of “Africa” as a reference, the texts which surround and inhabit the name of “Tarzan” belong both to a Western genealogy and to a cross-cultural history. After examining the economy of the global circulation of the “Tarzan” trademark, I give a brief and schematic description of Tarzan’s filmography, which allows me to interrogate what I call the occidentalist name-in-closure of “Africa”. At last, by means of a close reading of Jean Rouch’s Moi, un noir (1959) as a prism through which Tarzan’s global circulation can be interpreted and reinvented, I suggest possibilities of imaginative overflow, opening up the cross-cultural spacing of the writing of “Africa” as political economy of the name of “Africa”.Cinema | Africa | Tarzan | Racism
Cruzando caminhos em Ibicaba: escravizados, imigrantes suíços e abolicionismo durante a Revolta dos Parceiros (São Paulo, 1856-1857)
Authors: Mota Isadora Moura
Published: July 2021

Este artigo explora as relações entre escravizados e imigrantes europeus no oeste paulista tendo, como pano de fundo, a Revolta dos Parceiros, ocorrida em Limeira no ano de 1856. Considerado um marco na história da imigração no Brasil, o levante de colonos suíços contra o sistema de parceria na Fazenda Ibicaba contava também com o apoio dos cativos que trabalhavam nos cafezais adjacentes à Colônia Senador Vergueiro e demais fazendas vizinhas. Apagada pela historiografia, a conspiração negra de 1856 revela que a convivência entre colonos e escravizados no contexto do fim do tráfico acelerou a circulação de ideias sobre o fim da escravidão no Brasil. Ao retornar à Revolta em Limeira, este artigo aborda o encontro de perspetivas subalternas sobre o abolicionismo atlântico em Ibicaba para afirmar a geopolítica negra como elemento constituinte dos significados do mundo do trabalho na década de 1850.Crossing Paths at Ibicaba: Slaves, Swiss Immigrants, and Abolitionism during the Sharecroppers’ Revolt (São Paulo, 1856-1857)This article examines the relations between the enslaved and European immigrants in western São Paulo against the background of the 1856 Sharecroppers’ Revolt that took place in Limeira. Considered a benchmark in the history of immigration in Brazil, the uprising of Swiss colonists against the “sistema de parceria” at the Ibicaba plantation also counted on support from enslaved populations in the vicinity of the Colônia Senador Vergueiro. Erased by the historiography, the 1856 black conspiracy shows that interactions between slaves and settlers in the context of the ban on the African slave trade sparked the circulation of abolitionist ideas in Brazil. By revisiting the revolt in Limeira, this paper explores how subaltern perspectives of the Atlantic world met in Ibicaba and claims a place for black geopolitics in defining Brazilian labor history in the 1850s.Slavery | Colonization | Revolt | Abolitionism
Aprendendo a dançar
Authors: Sandroni Carlos
Published: July 2021

Resenha de:EPALANGA, Kalaf. Também os brancos sabem dançar – um romance musical. São Paulo: Todavia, 2018. 304 p.
Um Ano do Retorno ao Sistema de Madri
Authors: Pereira Oliveira Soares Vanessa , Sant’Anna Ramalho Ricardo , Islabão de Islabão Genizia
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apontar as dificuldades apresentadas pelo Acordo de Madri, as soluções trazidas pelo Protocolo de Madri e a diferença entre ambos, formadores do Sistema de Madri, que rege o registro internacional de marcas. Além disso, pretende-se expor as adequações pelas quais o Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial necessitou passar para a adesão do país ao Protocolo de Madri com relação ao registro de marcas internacionais.
O Modelo e-ARQ Brasil e os Sistemas de Informações Utilizados pelas Instituições Federais de Ensino no País
Authors: Costa Jaques Charles Silva da , Souza Cristina Gomes de
Published: July 2021

A estratégia de governo eletrônico do Brasil possui como um dos seus objetivos adotar preferencialmente a implantação do Sistema Eletrônico de Informações (SEI) nas Instituições Federais de Ensino (IFES) como plano de inovação e de modernização das instituições e das políticas de gestão de documentos. Todavia, essa estratégia de inovação e de modernização apresenta desafios, tendo em vista que esse sistema não atende aos Requisitos para Sistemas Informatizados de Gestão Arquivística de Documentos (e-ARQ Brasil). Dentro desse contexto, o estudo tem como objetivo identificar e comparar quais sistemas informatizados de informações utilizados pelas IFES estão em conformidade com o e-ARQ Brasil por intermédio da aplicação do método Survey. Os resultados desse método exibem quais sistemas estão de acordo com o e-ARQ Brasil. 
Prospecção Tecnológica Acerca da Produção e da Aplicação de Biofertilizantes no Cultivo de Leguminosas
Authors: Da Silva Erika Matias , Da Silva Adrielle Firmino , De Araújo Jenivaldo Lisboa
Published: July 2021

Com o intuito de promover um mapeamento dos trabalhos relacionados à produção e à aplicação de biofertilizantes no cultivo de leguminosas, foram utilizados bancos de patentes (INPI, WIPO e Espacenet) e de artigos (Periódicos), de forma a avaliar o panorama do estágio atual no desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico nessa área. A pesquisa demonstrou a liderança da China, tanto na produção científica quanto patentária voltada ao tema. A partir do estudo nas diversas bases, é notável que tanto o número de patentes quanto o de artigos publicados relacionados à área investigada ainda sejam limitados, demonstrando a necessidade de maiores estudos e investigações para ampliação do aporte tecnológico acerca da aplicação de biofertilizantes em leguminosas.
O Gesto Musical nos 2 Momentos Nordestinos para piano de Calimério Soares
Authors: Hartmann Ernesto Frederico
Published: July 2021

RESUMO: Investigo neste trabalho o Gesto Musical, conceito elaborado por Robert Hatten e suas relações com a corporalidade e o significado na obra 2 Momentos Nordestinos (1981) do compositor mineiro Calimério Soares. Após o reconhecimento das Tópicas Nordestinas presentes na obra, assim como os Gestos Musicais compostos por essas mesmas Tópicas, discute-se as suas implicações e como elas interagem com o processo composicional. Conclui-se que os Gestos Musicais primordiais de ataque e de técnica expandida deflagram e sustentam não só os processos de produção da forma, mas, sobretudo, as incursões textuais sugestivas do nacionalismo inscritas no título.

 
Genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation in a perennial plant Trillium camschatcense are subjected to its slow‐paced life history
Authors: Tsuzuki Yoichi , Sato Mitsuhiko P. , Matsuo Ayumi , Suyama Yoshihisa , Ohara Masashi
Published: July 2021

Many wild populations are suffering from the loss of genetic diversity caused by habitat fragmentation, while the degree of diversity loss differs among species and populations based on their life history characteristics. Trillium camschatcense, an understory perennial plant, has undergone intensive habitat fragmentation in the Tokachi region, Hokkaido, Japan. Although demographic deteriorations, such as reduced seed production, were already reported, genetic consequences of fragmentation have not been studied with reference to its life history. Here, we examined how life history events (e.g., growth and reproduction) and the stochasticity therein influence genetic diversity in two (each large and small) fragmented T. camschatcense populations. Genetic diversity was evaluated using genome‐wide 2,008 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the small population, genetic diversity of newly germinated seedlings was significantly lower than that of matured life history stages, and effective number of breeders (Nb) was smaller than that of the large population. Simulations using a matrix population model showed that the diversity loss at seedlings is caused by genetic drift during reproduction, which was intensified by smaller Nb. Besides, simulations using randomly perturbed transition matrices suggested that stasis at juvenile stages, which is a common characteristics of T. camschatcense, maintains genetic diversity by buffering stochastic decrease, possibly contributing to population viability. While previous studies showed the importance to facilitate reproduction and recruitment for demographic recovery, this study highlighted the crucial roles of juvenile survival in terms of genetic diversity for the conservation of fragmented T. camschatcense populations in the Tokachi region.
School bullying before and during COVID‐19: Results from a population‐based randomized design
Authors: Vaillancourt Tracy , Brittain Heather , Krygsman Amanda , Farrell Ann H. , Landon Sally , Pepler Debra
Published: July 2021

We examined the impact of COVID‐19 on bullying prevalence rates in a sample of 6578 Canadian students in Grades 4 to 12. To account for school changes associated with the pandemic, students were randomized at the school level into two conditions: (1) the pre‐COVID‐19 condition, assessing bullying prevalence rates retrospectively before the pandemic, and (2) the current condition, assessing rates during the pandemic. Results indicated that students reported far higher rates of bullying involvement before the pandemic than during the pandemic across all forms of bullying (general, physical, verbal, and social), except for cyber bullying, where differences in rates were less pronounced. Despite anti‐Asian rhetoric during the pandemic, no difference was found between East Asian Canadian and White students on bullying victimization. Finally, our validity checks largely confirmed previous published patterns in both conditions: (1) girls were more likely to report being bullied than boys, (2) boys were more likely to report bullying others than girls, (3) elementary school students reported higher bullying involvement than secondary school students, and (4) gender diverse and LGTBQ + students reported being bullied at higher rates than students who identified as gender binary or heterosexual. These results highlight that the pandemic may have mitigated bullying rates, prompting the need to consider retaining some of the educational reforms used to reduce the spread of the virus that could foster caring interpersonal relationships at school such as reduced class sizes, increased supervision, and blended learning.
Sub‐Thermionic Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors with Solution Combustion‐Derived Hf0.5Zr0.5O2
Authors: Pujar Pavan , Cho Haewon , Gandla Srinivas , Naqi Muhammad , Hong Seongin , Kim Sunkook
Published: July 2021

The fabrication of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2‐ferroelectric negative capacitor using solution combustion is presented for the first time. The starting materials used for the solution combustion to form equimolar Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 are to act as both combustible elements and cation sources. Jain's method, which is used for estimating the stoichiometric quantities of precursors in propellant chemistry, has also been modified and applied. The conventional assumption for this method that molecular oxygen does not take part in the reaction is refuted and stoichiometric combustion in the presence of molecular oxygen is proposed. This reaction is followed by post‐rapid thermal processing to stabilize the metastable, non‐centrosymmetric orthorhombic phase. The thin film stacks, Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/HfO2, are used to achieve sub‐thermionic swing (forward sweep: 25.42 ± 8.05 mV dec−1, reverse sweep: 42.56 ± 4.87 mV dec−1) in MoS2 negative capacitance field effect transistors with a hysteresis of ≈40 mV at 1 nA, resulting in ultra‐low‐power operation.
Swing‐Structured Triboelectric–Electromagnetic Hybridized Nanogenerator for Breeze Wind Energy Harvesting
Authors: Lu Pinjing , Pang Hao , Ren Jie , Feng Yawei , An Jie , Liang Xi , Jiang Tao , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: July 2021

Wind energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources, but harvesting low frequency breeze wind energy is hardly achieved using traditional electromagnetic generators (EMGs). Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) provide a new approach for large‐scale collection of distributed breeze wind energy (usually 3.4–5.4 m s−1). Herein, by coupling the TENG and EMG, a swing‐structured hybrid nanogenerator with improved performance and durability is designed. The dielectric brush and air gap designs can minimize the material wear and continuously supply the tribo‐charges. Under external triggering, systematic comparisons are made about the output characteristics of TENG and EMG. The rectified peak power and average power of TENG are respectively, 60 and 635 times higher than those of EMG at moderate coil turn numbers, showing that TENG is much more effective than EMG for harvesting low‐frequency distributed energy (high entropy energy). Furthermore, the hybrid nanogenerator and array device are hung on tree branches to demonstrate the effective harvesting of breeze wind energy, delivering total rectified peak power densities of 2.07 and 1.94 W m–3 for single and array devices, respectively. The applications of powering portable electronics reveal the huge prospects of hybrid nanogenerator in self‐powered environmental monitoring toward forest/park fire warning systems.
Tuning Damping and Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Boron‐Engineered MgO/Co–Fe–B/MgO Heterostructures
Authors: Lourembam James , Khoo Khoong Hong , Qiu Jinjun , Xie Huiqing , Wong Seng Kai , Yap Qi Jia , Lim Sze Ter
Published: July 2021

Nanometer‐thick Co–Fe–B/MgO based structures have been widely accepted as the preferred system for immediate and long‐term goals in magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices because of excellent spin‐torque efficiency and promise for high‐density MRAM. To realize next‐generation ultra‐low‐power MRAM, further lowering of power consumption in these structures is a crucial ongoing effort. Gilbert damping is one critical material parameter toward lowering energy consumption but is traditionally large (≈10−2) in these Co–Fe–B/MgO systems. Here, Gilbert damping of (1.3 ± 0.3) × 10−3 from a perpendicular double Co–Fe–B/MgO interface system engineered at different boron compositions is reported. Remarkably, this value is achieved with ≈1 nm of Co–Fe–B thickness while maintaining magnetic anisotropy of 0.4 Merg cc−1. An unusual damping trend that scales with layer thickness in high‐boron content films established from both experiments and first‐principles calculations is reported.