bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTUDO COM CENTENÁRIOS: ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, ESTILO DE VIDA E LONGEVIDADE
Authors: Mazo Giovana Zapellon , Franco Pedro Silvelo , Pereira Franciele Da Silva , Hoffmann Leonardo , Streit Inês Amanda
Published: January 2021

Introdução: as investigações com centenários no Brasil são escassas e pontuais, sendo que pouco se sabe sobre o perfil desta população e os fatores que interferem na longevidade. Objetivo: descrever as pesquisas com centenários em Santa Catarina voltado a temática atividade física, estilo de vida e longevidade, de acordo com o protocolo de avaliação e resultados encontrados. Método: o estudo é de cunho descritivo documental relacionado ao Projeto SC100: estudo Multidimensional dos Centenários de Santa Catarina, desenvolvido no Laboratório de Gerontologia (LAGER) do Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID) da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC). Resultados: para o projeto SC100 foi elaborado o Protocolo de Avaliação Multidimensional do Idoso Centenário (PAMIC) que ao longo do tempo foi sendo reestruturado, tendo em vista as especificidades desta população. Também foi elaborado o protocolo de avalição do cuidador do idoso, visto a necessidade de compreender a sobrecarga do cuidado. Quanto aos resultados das pesquisas relacionadas ao projeto, foi possível observar que na população centenária, há uma predominância de mulheres, viúvas, escolaridade inferior a sete anos, a caminhada surge como a principal atividade física realizada, caracterizando-as como pouco ativas. Além disso, entre os principais hábitos de lazer estão: assistir TV e dormir. Em relação as atividades de lazer em diferentes fases da vida, há uma tendência natural em se tornarem sedentários, ou seja, iniciam a vida com a prática regular de atividades mais ativas e durante o processo de envelhecimento passam a inatividade. Conclusão: Neste estudo, durante a caracterização dos centenários, foi possível identificar uma tendência de um estivo de vida passivo e da inatividade física, ressaltando a necessidade de intervenções domiciliares com esta população tão longeva. Também protocolos de avaliação podem contribuir para conhecer melhor essa população.
Lymphopenia and lung complications in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): A retrospective study based on clinical data
Authors: Zaboli Ehsan , Majidi Hadi , Alizadeh-Navai Reza , Hedayatizadeh-Omran Akbar , Asgarian-Omran Hossein , Larijani Laleh Vahedi , Khodaverdi Vahid , Amjadi Omolbanin
Published: January 2021

Background: A rapid outbreak of novel coronavirus, COVID-19, made it a
global pandemic. This study focused on the possible association between
lymphopenia and Computed tomography (CT) scan features and COVID-19
patient mortality. Method: The clinical data of 596 COVID-19 patients
were collected from February 2020 to September 2020. The patients’
serological survey and CT scan features were retrospectively explored.
Results: The median age of the patients was 56.7±16.4 years old. Lung
involvement was more than 50% in 214 COVID-19 patients (35.9%). The
average blood lymphocyte percentage was 20.35 ±10.16. The levels of
C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and
platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may not indicate the severity and
prognosis of COVID-19. Patients with severe lung involvement and
lymphopenia were found to be significantly associated with increased
odds of death (odds ratio [OR], 9.24; 95% confidence interval [95
CI%], 4.32- 19.78). These results indicated that lymphopenia
<20% along with pulmonary involvement >50%
impose a multiplicative effect on the risk of mortality. The in-hospital
mortality rate of this group was significantly higher than other
COVID-19 hospitalized cases. Furthermore, they meaningfully experienced
a prolonged stay in the hospital (P= 0.00). Conclusion: The Lymphocyte
count less than 20% and chest CT scan findings with more than 50%
involvement might be related to the patient’s mortality. It could act as
laboratory and clinical indicators of disease severity and mortality.
Sea Otter Carrying Capacity in a Soft- and Mixed-sediment Benthic Habitat
Authors: Davis Ian , Dellapenna Timpthy , Maale Gary , Gelwick Francis , Selts Fred , Davis Randall
Published: January 2021

Identifying factors that influence sea otter (Enhydra lutris) population
density can provide insight into why it varies spatially and temporally
and when a recovering population has reached an equilibrium density
because of food resources (i.e., carrying capacity K). Although food
availability is widely recognized as an important extrinsic factor
affecting sea otter density, how do we determine when a population has
reached K? The goal of this study was to estimate K for Simpson Bay,
Alaska by measuring the abundance of edible bivalves, the primary prey
for sea otters for over 40 years. We then compared prey abundance and
estimated replacement rate (i.e., the mean age of bivalves predated by
sea otters) to estimated annual prey consumption based on the mean
population density for the past 18 years. On average, 110 adult sea
otters (5.2 km−2) have occupied Simpson Bay annually since 2001
consuming an estimated 176,660 kg of bivalves. The total mass (standing
stock) of the major bivalves (predominately butter clams and stained
macomas) was 785,730 kg, so adult sea otters consumed about 22%
annually. Based on these observations and calculations, the estimated
annual number of sea otters occupying Simpson Bay appears to be at or
near K based on the replacement rate of food resources. However, other
intrinsic (e.g., male territoriality and emigration) and extrinsic
(e.g., predation, disease, human-related mortality) factors may
influence equilibrium density, which varies spatially and temporally,
resulting in a mosaic of subpopulations with different densities, rates
of growth and discontinuous distributions. Understanding the balance
among these factors may be one of the most challenging ecological
questions for sea otter conservation and management as populations
recover from their range-wide decimation during the Maritime Fur Trade
in the late 18th and 19th centuries
Cosmic time for multi-component universe
Authors: Brankovic D.
Published: January 2021

We determined Weierstrass canonical form of cosmic time formula in the cases
of four-component and some three-component universe, assuming the ?CDM
model. In all other cases, we discussed analytical solutions for the cosmic
time formula.
Life, educational and scientific activities of professor Mirjana Vukicevic-Karabin (1933-2020)
Authors: Vince I. , Atanackovic O.
Published: January 2021

We present a short biography and brief review of contributions of professor
Mirjana Vukicevic-Karabin to the development of astrophysics education at
the University of Belgrade and to the research in physics of the Earth
ionosphere and the Sun. The bibliography of her papers is given as well. We
hope that the review of the two aspects of her work will elucidate her
important role in the development of astrophysics in our country
Neurophysiologic Monitoring
Authors: Vaughan Scott , Vassar Chadron , Kumar Nitin , Yousef Kerolos
Published: January 2021

Neurophysiologic monitoring is a diverse group of instruments that are used to monitor the central and peripheral nervous system during surgical procedures. Some are used to monitor anesthetic depth, whereas others are used by neurologists to monitor the integrity of the nervous system during surgical procedure. The goal of neurophysiologic monitoring is to have reliable, reproducible, and predictive monitors that can identify impending compromise to the neurologic system (or anesthetic) with minimal false predictive value and high positive predictive value. This allows for the identification of neurologic tissues by location and type that are at risk of compromise by vascular and/or mechanical injury.
This review contains 3 figures, 8 tables, and  34 references.
Key Words: auditory evoked potentials, bispectral index monitor, electrocorticography, electroencephalography, electromyographic monitoring, M-ENTROPY, motor evoked potentials, narcotrend index, sensory evoked potentials, spectral analysis
Morbid Obesity
Authors: Finzer Breck , Adams Megan , Lawrence John P
Published: January 2021

Recent statistics indicate that the obesity rate exceeds 35% in 5 states and 30% in 25 states in the United States. As the prevalence of obesity continues to increase, the number of bariatric and nonbariatric surgeries in this patient population also continues to grow. As such, anesthesia providers must be cognizant of some special considerations pertaining to surgery and anesthesia for the obese patient. Overall, surgery on obese patients is considered higher risk than in nonobese patients, and targeted perioperative assessment and planning are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. Obesity results in alterations in physiology, and these effects are seen within all major organ systems. Extra consideration should be dedicated not only to the preoperative airway evaluation but also to logistic issues that may arise. To this end, it is crucial that the operating room be equipped with size-appropriate equipment as well as allowing for adequate time to move, position, and induce obese patients. Intraoperative concerns due to obesity include appropriate drug dosing, choice of anesthetic, and the cardiopulmonary impact of the anesthetic. Postoperative concerns include pain control, pulmonary hygiene maneuvers, as well as continued management of comorbid conditions. These alterations and their impact on the perioperative care of an obese patient at various points of perioperative care are herein reviewed.
 
This review contains 2 figures, 5 tables and 36 references
Key Words: airway evaluation, body mass index, drug dosing, morbid obesity, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, preoperative evaluation, rapid desaturation, sleep apnea evaluation, surgical risk evaluation
Pain Management Strategies for Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Weiner Brett , Boparai Harman , Chen Grant H.
Published: January 2021

Improper management of postoperative pain following thoracic surgery can be quite debilitating and lead to a number of complications due to the multitude of comorbid conditions manifested by the population of patients undergoing these types of procedures. These can include advanced lung disease, advanced age, heart disease, renal insufficiency and obesity.¹ The source of this acute postsurgical pain is multifactorial and can include skin incisions, deep tissue injuries, thoracostomy tubes, costovertebral joint separation and rib or sternal fractures.² Benefits of effective analgesia include decreased risk of perioperative morbidity, decreased hospital stay, decreased cost and increased patient satisfaction.³ There have been numerous studies conducted to determine the best pain management regimen for control of postthoracotomy pain, however, no single technique has thus far proven to be superior. Instead, most clinicians would advocate for a multimodal approach combining regional techniques, such as thoracic epidural analgesia or paravertebral blocks, with systemic analgesic medications including a combination of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids and other analgesic adjuncts. This chapter will examine the different analgesic options currently available and being utilized for various types of thoracic surgical procedures. This will include a review of the systemic analgesic and non-analgesic optiondis as well as regional anesthetic techniques. The chapter will conclude with a discussion of chronic post-thoracotomy pain syndrome and currently available treatments.
This review contains 4 tables, and 87 references.
Keywords: systemic analgesic therapy, opioid analgesic medications, regional anesthetic techniques, thoracic epidural analgesia, paravertebral analgesia, chronic post-thoracotomy pain management, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), intrathecal opioid analgesia, intercostal analgesia, intrapleural analgesia
Opioids for Anesthesia and Postoperative Pain Control
Authors: Cook Bryan , Geiger Krystina , Barra Megan
Published: January 2021

Opioid agonists are frequently used to provide anesthesia in combination with sedatives and hypnotic agents and manage postoperative acute pain. There are many different opioid agents available that differ in their potency, onset and duration of action, metabolism, drug interactions, and side-effect profile. All opioids have distinct effects upon various organ systems, including central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, and decreased gastrointestinal motility. Fentanyl and fentanyl-derived agents (alfentanil, sufentanil, remifentanil) are most frequently used in the intraoperative period due to their quick onset and duration of action, allowing them to be easily titrated and discontinued at the completion of a procedure. Oral opioids with moderate durations of action, such as oxycodone, hydrocodone, and morphine, are commonly used for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. When oral analgesics cannot be used, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia is another option for pain management.
This review contains 5 figures, 11 tables, and 59 references.
Key Words: analgesia, anesthesia, central nervous system depression, fentanyl, morphine, opioid agonist, pain management, patient-controlled analgesia, perioperative, respiratory depression
Management of Drug Interactions between Anti-infectives and Common Anesthetics
Authors: McLaughlin Kevin , Schurr James , Stevens Craig A
Published: January 2021

Interactions between various medications can lead to changes in the expected response of one or more of those medications. Drug interactions can be pharmacokinetic (altered absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of the medication) or pharmacodynamic (alterations based on similarities or differences in the mechanisms of medications with respect to their effect on the body). Although drug interactions exist in many specialties in medicine, this chapter focuses on those that affect the responses of common anesthetic agents or drugs given with those agents. While anesthesiologists monitor objective measures and titrate many medications to the desired effect, understanding and anticipating drug interactions can help reduce unexpected effects of medications.

This review contains 2 figures, 4 tables and 36 references 
Key words: anesthetic agents, antiinfective agents, drug interactions, mechanism, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics
Hepatic Physiology and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Authors: Rainey Jeremy T.
Published: January 2021

The liver is responsible for maintaining many of the body’s physiologic functions including: maintaining glucose and blood volume homeostasis; creating, recycling and excreting bile acids to aid in digestion and absorption; metabolizing and excreting both intrinsic and extrinsic toxins; creating the major factors required for coagulation and almost all plasma proteins; and metabolizing many of the medications commonly used in anesthetic management.  It is crucial for the developing anesthesiologist to have a firm understanding of the organs’ function and how this alters the perioperative planning for patients undergoing anesthesia.  This review aims to breakdown hepatic physiology and critical functions, review metabolism and the important cytochrome P450 system, and introduce the resident to the important concepts of enhanced recovery after surgery. 
This review 5 figures, 4 tables, and 29 references.
Keywords: hepatic physiology, hepatic blood supply, intrinsic regulation, extrinsic regulation, urea cycle, hepatic metabolism, CYP450, phase reactions, hepatic clearance, ERAS
Endocrine and Metabolic Systems
Authors: Anand Suwarna
Published: January 2021

The endocrine system and the nervous system work in synchrony to maintain homeostasis in the body. Growth, development, reproduction, blood pressure, concentrations of ions and other substances in blood, and even behavior are all regulated by the endocrine system. Endocrine physiology involves the secretion of hormones and their subsequent actions on target tissues. The present overview focuses on the endocrine physiology and the pathophysiologic states that influence the growth and development of an individual.
This review contains 11 tables, and 27 references.
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, thyroid, parathyroid hormone, hypoparathyroid, hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal gland, carbohydrate metabolism, protein, lipids
Basic Concepts of Anesthesia
Authors: Yang George P. , Pandya Pooja
Published: January 2021

It is expected that surgeons have detailed and nuanced knowledge of the procedures they perform. It is equally necessary that surgeons have a working knowledge of anesthesia because it is important in patient selection for surgery, and for intraoperative factors including patient positioning and invasive monitoring. Proper care of the operative patient requires excellent communication and coordination between the surgical and anesthetic team. Providing optimal perioperative care for the patient requires the surgeon to understand the risks and benefits of each anesthetic approach and to relay potential portions of the procedure that may have a profound impact on the patient’s physiology so the anesthesiologist can properly prepare for it. With the increasing complexity of patients and the operations being performed, this ensures the best possible outcome.
This review contains 6 figures, 13 tables, and 142 references.
Key words: Local anesthetic, regional anesthesia, general anesthesia, sedation, cardiovascular risks, preoperative evaluation, difficult airway, perioperative medications, surgical risk calculators
Laboratory Testing in Psychiatry
Authors: P Gray Royce , Thompson Alexander W
Published: January 2021

We review common laboratory testing encountered in psychiatric practice. It seems likely that in areas where the most evidence exists driving laboratory testing (e.g., metabolic monitoring for people on atypical antipsychotics), testing still is not universally done, and we often do not adequately address the results. However, in areas where there is little evidence supporting the practice (extensive laboratory testing on people being admitted to a psychiatric hospitals), we order tests extensively. We cover common tests encountered in the use of antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antiepileptic drugs, and lithium. We also discuss the role of thyroid, vitamin B12, and folate testing and the special circumstance of caring for those with eating disorders.
This review contains 2 highly rendered figures, 20 tables, and 44 references.
Key words: agranulocytosis, antidepressant, antiepileptic drug, antipsychotic, blood dyscrasia, clozapine, eating disorders, metabolic monitoring, QT interval, urine drug screen
Role of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SLC7A10 in Adipocyte Lipid Storage, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Jersin Regine Å. , Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka , Madsen André , Skartveit Linn , Fjære Even , McCann Adrian , Lawrence-Archer Laurence , Willems Aron , Bjune Jan-Inge , Bjune Mona S. , Våge Villy , Nielsen Hans Jørgen , Thorsen Håvard Luong , Nedrebø Bjørn Gunnar , Busch Christian , Steen Vidar M. , Blüher Matthias , Jacobson Peter , Svensson Per-Arne , Fernø Johan , Rydén Mikael , Arner Peter , Nygård Ottar , Claussnitzer Melina , Ellingsen Ståle , Madsen Lise , Sagen Jørn V. , Mellgren Gunnar , Dankel Simon N.
Published: January 2021

Elucidation of mechanisms that govern lipid storage, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance may lead to improved therapeutic options for type 2 diabetes and other obesity-related diseases. Here, we find that adipose expression of the small neutral amino acid transporter SLC7A10, also known as alanine-serine-cysteine transporter-1 (ASC-1), shows strong inverse correlates with visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, and adipocyte hypertrophy across multiple cohorts. Concordantly, loss of Slc7a10 function in zebrafish in vivo accelerates diet-induced body weight gain and adipocyte enlargement. Mechanistically, SLC7A10 inhibition in human and murine adipocytes decreases adipocyte serine uptake and total glutathione levels and promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Conversely, SLC7A10 overexpression decreases ROS generation and increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity. RNA sequencing revealed consistent changes in gene expression between human adipocytes and zebrafish visceral adipose tissue following loss of SLC7A10, e.g., upregulation of SCD (lipid storage) and downregulation of CPT1A (lipid oxidation). Interestingly, ROS scavenger reduced lipid accumulation and attenuated the lipid-storing effect of SLC7A10 inhibition. These data uncover adipocyte SLC7A10 as a novel important regulator of adipocyte resilience to nutrient and oxidative stress, in part by enhancing glutathione levels and mitochondrial respiration, conducive to decreased ROS generation, lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.
Inhibitory activity of fermentation filtrate of red passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis sims.) against Escherichia coli extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Nurrosyidah Iif Hanifa , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Isnaeni Isnaeni
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the fermentation filtrate (FF) on red passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis Sims.) against Escherichia coli Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The method used was the fermentation of red passion fruit pulp for 24 h using De Man Rogosa Sharpe Broth (MRS-broth) media, and the result showed that the FF of red passion fruit pulp made a dilution series concentration of 50 percent, 25 percent, 12.5 percent, 6.25 percent. Considering this result, the MIC FF of red passion fruit cells against ESBL and MRSA has a 25 percent dilution concentration, while MBC has a 50 percent dilution concentration. This shows that red passion fruit has the potential to be developed as antibacterial material, especially to fight bacteria that are already resistant.
Adversity quotient of outstanding students with limited conditions
Authors: Hidayati Isnaya Arina , Taufik Taufik
Published: January 2021

This study aims to explore and explain the dynamics of the striving force namely, the supporting and inhibiting factors of high achieving students striving force with necessitous condition. The informant characteristics of this study are high achieving students with necessitous condition (students who are needy with the broken home family and experiencing violence from their family) who attend junior and senior high school and college students. There are 3 informants and 9 informants complementary, with interview method. The results of this study are; 1) Informants control economic difficulties with frugal behavior and concerned attitudes. Good self-regulation in controlling difficult situations so as not to widen and influence the educational dimension. Resilience behavior is more appear in informants of victims of broken homes and survivors of domestic violence. Gratitude makes the informant more eager to rise from adversity to achieve a better life, accompanied by strong motivation and relational efficacy between mother and informant. 2) Supporting factor is derived from internal factors such as the competitiveness, coping behavior and the ability of improvement (resilience), visionary and strong internal motivation, self-awareness and the ability to think positively with gratitude. While external factors mostly come from social support of family, other students and community. 3) Inhibiting factors namely are the problem of emotion-regulation such as less stable emotional state, poverty, dysfunction of family’s role and the problem of fatherless families. It is concluded that a compensation made by the informant with self-regulation, gratitude in increasing resilience and the relational efficacy of family members in strengthening the struggle for achievement
ENSINO HÍBRIDO DE HISTOLOGIA EM TURMAS DE INCLUSÃO DE SURDOS
Authors: Rachid Martins Joseane Maria , Rocha Piemonte Mariana da
Published: January 2021

O Ensino de Biologia no Brasil se caracteriza por utilizar uma metodologia predominante expositiva e, somando-se a isso, no caso dos surdos, não há um material didático específico. Então, este estudo objetiva produzir e analisar uma sequência didática de histologia, utilizando a concepção de Ensino Híbrido para surdos, em turmas de inclusão, assumindo essa metodologia como uma contribuição para processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos demais estudantes da classe inclusiva. A metodologia consistiu no desenvolvimento do conteúdo de histologia, utilizando o Ensino Híbrido com atividades investigativas, Objetos Educacionais Digitais (OED): webquest, sway® e kahoot® e autoavaliação. Estavam envolvidos 61 ouvintes e um surdo do 1º ano do Ensino Médio de um colégio estadual do Paraná. Os estudantes participaram de forma ativa em todas as atividades, e a inclusão de surdos foi colocada em prática viabilizando o acesso a materiais e atividades bilíngues que promoveram a construção de conhecimentos em histologia.
TRAJETÓRIAS PROFISSIONAIS DE DOUTORES EM EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA EGRESSOS DO PROGRAMA DA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL
Authors: Tasinaffo Alves Ana Claudia , Cristina de Mello Irene
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma pesquisa realizada com egressos do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Amazônica de Educação em Ciências e Matemática (REAMEC). O objetivo era analisar as percepções de doutores titulados na primeira turma sobre as contribuições desta formação para sua trajetória profissional. Foi realizado um levantamento do perfil de 29 egressos por meio de consultas aos currículos Lattes dos egressos e entrevista com onze deles. O estudo mostrou que a formação doutoral contribuiu para a inserção em programas de mestrado na área de Educação em Ciências e Matemática, para um significativo aumento da produção científica, e que novos mestrados foram constituídos com a formação dos doutores da primeira turma. E, apesar da formação em rede, em sua maioria, os egressos continuam isolados e não mantém os trabalhos e pesquisas em rede, demonstrando que a formação por si só não é fator determinante para tal configuração.
ENTRE ENCONTROS E DESENCONTROS: NARRATIVAS DE CONSTITUIÇÃO DOCENTE EM CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Priamo Tonello Leonardo
Published: January 2021

O processo de constituição docente perpassa diversas questões, como a formação, o contexto político e social, chegando à dimensão da atuação profissional, formando uma complexa tessitura. O trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar e examinar o processo de constituição docente de um licenciando em Ciências Biológicas durante seu percurso formativo, a partir de escritas narrativas realizadas no Diário de Formação (DF). Foi possível identificar o estabelecimento de quatro momentos emergentes nas escritas reflexivas das narrativas: i) tomada de consciência do ser professor, ii) problematização e reflexão crítica da sala de aula, iii) a busca de sentido para o ensino: os desafios do fazer/ser docente e iv) ressignificação das ações e afirmação do ser professor. Assim, considera-se a importância de investigar e refletir sobre a docência como categoria reflexiva da constante formação docente, que, entre encontros e desencontros, o ser professor se constitui.
Easterine Kire Iralu’s Mari: A Historical Narrative of the Forgotten Battle of Kohima
Authors: Gour Veena , Tripathi Dr. Shubhra
Published: January 2021

Most of the Indians now have forgotten that Kohima was the scene of an Allied victory in the World War II; the victory was so decisive that it changed the contours of the war in Asia. In this significant battle of Kohima, the Japanese force tried to enter India from Naga Hills, advancing progressively into Asia after the success of their Burma campaign in 1941-42. But in Kohima they were defeated convincingly by the British Allied Forces which were helped by local inhabitants in the battle. The Japanese had broken down equally by disease and hunger thus left their plan to enter in India. The Battle of Kohima often refers by Nagas as a ‘forgotten battle’ and its heroes as the ‘forgotten heroes’. Easterine Kire Iralu’s Mari stands as a distinct novel as it commemorates the forgotten Battle of Kohima of 1944. The novel is a fascinating love story set in the midst of this war. It is an enchanting tale of Iralu’s aunt Khrielievu Mari O’ Leary who was engaged to a British sergeant Victor. The novel is written in form of a diary which Mari maintained during the war meticulously registering every event of her life. Mari is not just a story of a young girl falling in love but it’s a story of all those people who lived that war- time. This paper examines the impact of the battle of Kohima on the culture, identity and traditional values of Naga society which the writer has described in the backdrop of Mari’s life journey in the novel.
Claves heurísticas de la educación inclusiva
Authors: Ocampo González Aldo
Published: January 2021

En este artículo, analizo siete claves heurísticas centrales de la educación inclusiva. Su campo y dominio puede ser entendido en constelación analítica, en ella cada idea es autosuficiente, contienen su propia potencia y efecto en términos de diferenciación del resto de sus recursos constructivos. Las constelaciones se expresan en el orden de lo discontinuo y en el carácter contradictorio que designa su centro crítico a partir de la convergencia de una amplia variedad de recursos epistemológicos/constructivos. En un primer momento, el lector encontrará una reflexión en torno a los dilemas definitorios de la educación inclusiva, asumiendo que esta, en tanto categoría de análisis enfrenta un problema definitorio particular, participa de las relaciones de poder estructurales y de las representaciones culturales que interroga. El trabajo concluye analizando el papel político-alterativo del sintagma, reconoce que es un concepto que nos interpela, nos habla sobre nosotros, sobre nuestra existencia y, singularmente, sobre nuestra vida.
Evaluation of evidence value of car primer using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) and chemometrics
Authors: Raja Sabaradin Raja Zubaidah , Osman Rozita
Published: January 2021

The car paint system consisted of four different layers; namely cathodic electrodeposition (CED), primer, the basecoat, and clear coat. Each of these layers may offer valuable information in an analysis of car paint. However, the recovery of a small amount of car paint from a crime scene may not consist of all four layers. Thus, this study is conducted to evaluate the evidence value of car primer in the presence of basecoat and absence of clear coat. In this study, 80 car paint samples, consisting of eight different red basecoats and ten types of primers were analyzed using Py-GC-MS to evaluate the contribution of the primer layer in the analysis of car paint sample. The chromatographic dataset obtained was subjected to chemometric techniques namely principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). 22 principal components were rendered from PCA with a total variance of 81.23%. CA’s three clusters are cluster 1 and 3 which was based on the shades of red basecoat while cluster 2 was based on the type of primer. This observation showed that the car primer might have a significant contribution to the analysis of car paint using Py-GC-MS.

Keywords: Car primer, car paint analysis, Py-GC-MS, chemometric
Pemetaan Jaringan Komunikasi Ekonomi Non Ekstraktif Di Desa Cintaratu Kecamatan Parigi Kabupaten Pangandaran dan Aplikasi Bussiness Model Canvas
Authors: Mutaqin Bambang Kholiq
Published: January 2021

Komunikasi memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan umat manusia. Komunikasi yang terbentuk antar individu dan kelompok akhirnya membentuk suatu jaringan. Komunikasi yang dilakukan pada dunia bisnis dikenal pula dengan komunikasi ekonomi. Jaringan komunikasi ekonomi pada masyarakat dapat terbentuk karena interaksi yang terjadi pada usaha yang mereka lakukan. Model usaha yang terjadi di masyarakat dapat pula dibentuk modelnya dalam bentuk Bussines Model Canvas untuk mengetahui elemen-elemen yang terjadi paa usaha tersebut.Usaha Non ekstraktif yang ada di Desa Cintaratu Kecamatan Parigi Kabupaten Pangandaran perlu diidentifikasi jaringan komunikasi dan model usahanya agar dapat dikembangkan menjadi usaha yang lebih baik lagi. Metode yang dilakukan adalah analisis jaringan komunikasi dan penggunaan model Bussines Model Canvas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya usaha non ekstraktif di Desa Cintaratu belum terbentuk jaringan komunikasinya. Jarinngan komunikasi baru terbentuk di kelompok KWT Binangkit, dengan aktor dan hubs nya adalah Ibu Tati. Business Model BUMDes Desa Cintaratu memiliki value saling menguntungkan, mempermudah, dan fasilitatif bagi konsumen, channel melalui komunitaas, dan direct selling. Revenue Streams dari presentase bagi hasil dan penyewaan toko. Key Activities berupa penyewaan kantin dan penanaman modal. Key Resources terdiri dari karyawan, perlengkapan, dan fasilitas usaha, Key Partnerships bekerjasama dengan Pemerintah Daerah, Kontraktor, Unpad, Toko peralatan, Karang Taruna, Kompepar, Bank BRI, Cost Structures yang ada adalah baiay investasi, modal kerja, dan operasional value
SEMINAR SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN LEMNA DALAM INTEGRATED FARMING DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PAKAN ALTERNATIF IKAN MELALUI MEDIA DARING
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar , Andriani Yuli , Pratiwy Fittrie Meyllianawaty
Published: January 2021

Budidaya ikan, terutama ikan herbivora dengan menggunakan tanaman air sebagai pakan dapat mengurangi biaya operasional dan juga meningkatkan pendapatan bagi pembudidaya ikan. Salah satu tanaman air yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan dalam budidaya ikan adalah Lemna sp. Pemanfaatan Lemna sp. sebagai pakan dapat diterapkan pada ikan herbivora seperti ikan nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) dan ikan tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus).               Penggunaan pakan buatan sering menimbulkan permasalahan, baik masalah teknis, kesehatan, maupun ekonomis. Biaya yang harus dikeluarkan untuk pengadaan pakan buatan cukup besar. Lemna sp. dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu sumber pakan alternatif yang berbasis bahan nabati. Penggunaan Lemna sp. sebagai bahan pakan ikan dapat diberikan dalam bentuk segar, bentuk kering, ataupun melalui proses fermentasi. Selain itu, pemanfaatan Lemna sp. dapat diaplikasikan dalam kegiatan integrated farming antara pertanian, perikanan dan peternakan. Hal ini akan menghasilkan dampak yang lebih besar terhadap kesinambungan produksi dan keuntungan yang diperoleh oleh petani/peternak dan pembudidaya ikan. Dalam penyuluhan kali ini, materi akan diberikan dalam bentuk Seminar daring mengenai pemanfaatan Lemna dalam integrated farming dan potensinya sebagai bahan pakan alternatif budidaya ikan.
Perspectives in Veterinary Education: Effectiveness of a digital interactive multimedia tutorial for preparing veterinary students to perform ultrasonography in horses
Authors: de Solis Cristobal Navas , Gilmour Lindsey J. , Coleman Michelle C. , Watts Ashlee E. , Bevevino Kari E. , Glass Kati G. , Hardy Joanne , Chaney Kristin P.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effectiveness of a digital interactive multimedia tutorial (DIMT) for preparing veterinary students to perform ultrasonography in horses.

SAMPLE

42 third-year veterinary students.

PROCEDURES

Students were randomly assigned to 3 instructional methods: independent study (ie, 45 minutes to read a highlighted textbook chapter), lecture (ie, 45-minute lecture by a faculty member), or digital interactive multimedia tutorial (DIMT; ie, 45-minute narrated, interactive module). Written and practical tests were administered after each instruction session. For the practical test, each student was required to obtain a series of ultrasound images of a live horse, and images were later scored for quality by an individual unaware of the instructional method used.

RESULTS

Higher-quality ultrasound images were obtained by veterinary students who had reviewed the DIMT rather than the analogous information in textbook chapters. No difference in scores was identified between students in the lecture group and those in the DIMT group. Students’ perceptions suggested that practical instruction facilitated by clinicians was a key component of learning how to perform ultrasonography in horses.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results supported the use of DIMTs in preparing veterinary students to perform ultrasonography in horses.
Hemipelvectomy to treat sarcoma of the proximal portion of the femur in a rabbit
Authors: Homer Laura M. , Bacon Nicholas J.
Published: January 2021

CASE DESCRIPTION

A 7-year-old sexually intact female rabbit was admitted to the hospital because of a 6-month history of chronic right pelvic limb lameness.

CLINICAL FINDINGS

Clinical examination revealed a prominent right pelvic limb lameness and signs of pain on manipulation of the right hip joint, with a focal, well-defined soft tissue mass palpable in the right pelvic area. Pelvic radiography revealed a lytic hip joint lesion and CT detailed an expansile lesion within the proximal portion of the femur with an appearance consistent with a soft tissue mass. Histologic evaluation of incisional biopsy samples of the soft tissue mass revealed a poorly differentiated sarcoma.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME

A hemipelvectomy was performed, and histologic evaluation of the soft tissue mass confirmed the diagnosis, with tumor-free margins achieved. The patient recovered well from surgery and had good mobility. The patient survived 21 months after surgery and died of a non–cancer-related disease. Anatomic dissection was described in a cadaver rabbit to aid future surgeries.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

To the authors’ knowledge, this was the first report of a hemipelvectomy performed in a rabbit. Hemipelvectomy is more routinely performed in canine and feline patients, but with the right candidate and owner commitment to aftercare, it may be safely and successfully performed in rabbits.
Applying personalized medicine to adult severe asthma
Authors: Tiotiu Angelica
Published: January 2021

Background: Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease that consists of various phenotypes driven by different pathways. Associated with significant morbidity, an important negative impact on the quality of life of patients, and increased health care costs, severe asthma represents
a challenge for the clinician. With the introduction of various antibodies that target type 2 inflammation (T2) pathways, severe asthma therapy is gradually moving to a personalized medicine approach. Objective: The purpose of this review was to emphasize the important
role of personalized medicine in adult severe asthma management. Methods: An extensive research was conducted in medical literature data bases by applying terms such as “severe asthma” associated with “structured approach,” “comorbidities,”
“biomarkers,” “phenotypes/endotypes,” and “biologic therapies.” Results: The management of severe asthma starts with a structured approach to confirm the diagnosis, assess the adherence to medications and identify confounding factors
and comorbidities. The definition of phenotypes or endotypes (phenotypes defined by mechanisms and identified through biomarkers) is an important step toward the use of personalized medicine in asthma. Severe allergic and nonallergic eosinophilic asthma are two defined T2 phenotypes for which
there are efficacious targeted biologic therapies currently available. Non-T2 phenotype remains to be characterized, and less efficient target therapy exists. Conclusion: Despite important progress in applying personalized medicine to severe asthma, especially in T2 inflammatory
phenotypes, future research is needed to find valid biomarkers predictive for the response to available biologic therapies to develop more effective therapies in non-T2 phenotype.
COVID-19 in children: Pathogenesis and current status
Authors: Frenkel Lawrence D. , Gomez Fernando , Bellanti Joseph A.
Published: January 2021

Background: Since its initial description in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly progressed into a worldwide pandemic, which has affected millions of lives. Unlike the disease in adults, the vast majority of children with COVID-19
have mild symptoms and are largely spared from severe respiratory disease. However, there are children who have significant respiratory disease, and some may develop a hyperinflammatory response similar to that seen in adults with COVID-19 and in children with Kawasaki disease (KD), which
has been termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Objective: The purpose of this report was to examine the current evidence that supports the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 in children and the relationship of COVID-19 with KD and MIS-C as a basis for
a better understanding of the clinical course, diagnosis, and management of these clinically perplexing conditions. Results: The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is carried out in two distinct but overlapping phases of COVID-19: the first triggered by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) itself and the second by the host immune response. Children with KD have fewer of the previously described COVID-19‐associated KD features with less prominent acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock than children with MIS-C. Conclusion:
COVID-19 in adults usually includes severe respiratory symptoms and pathology, with a high mortality. It has become apparent that children are infected as easily as adults but are more often asymptomatic and have milder disease because of their immature immune systems. Although children
are largely spared from severe respiratory disease, they can present with a SARS-CoV-2‐associated MIS-C similar to KD.
Biometria de frutos e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Sesamum indicum oriundas de plantas adubadas com esterco bovino
Authors: Silva Ronimeire Torres da , Lopes Maria de Fátima de Queiroz , Andrade Francisco Hélio Alves de , Torres Antonio Caubí Marcolino , Barbosa Neto Miguel Avelino , Nascimento Rodrigo Garcia Silva
Published: January 2021

O gergelim está entre as dez principais oleaginosas produzidas no mundo. Para uma alta produtividade torna-se necessário o uso de sementes com elevada qualidade fisiológica. Plantas nutridas geralmente produzem sementes vigorosas. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a biometria dos frutos e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de gergelim de plantas adubadas com esterco bovino. O experimento para produção das sementes foi realizado no setor de Agricultura da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, em blocos ao acaso. As plantas foram adubadas com quatro doses de esterco bovino (0, 20, 40 e 60 t ha-1). Após a colheita foi aferida a biometria dos frutos, o potencial de germinação e o vigor das sementes. O aumento nas doses de esterco bovino proporcionou frutos maiores. A germinação, primeira contagem de germinação e o índice de velocidade de geminação apresentou incremento quando as sementes foram provenientes de plantas adubadas. As sementes de plantas adubadas com esterco bovino originaram plântulas mais vigorosas, apresentando comprimento e massa seca com valores superiores quando comparadas com as plantas que não foram adubadas.
Desempenho do feijão-caupi a densidades de plantas na região Norte da Bahia
Authors: Rocha Daise Feitoza da , Oliveira Gertrudes Macário de , Almeida Luciano Roniê Calado de , Pereira Allan Victor Araújo , Santos Gabriela Vieira de Sá
Published: January 2021

A densidade de plantas é um dos fatores de produção que contribuem para a ótima produtividade e qualidade de grãos. Neste sentido, com o estudo objetivou avaliar a resposta de feijão-caupi a densidades populacionais na região Norte da Bahia. O experimento foi conduzido no período de abril a junho de 2018, na área experimental do Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais da UNEB, Juazeiro, BA. Utilizou-se o delineamento casualizado em blocos no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas constituídas por duas cultivares de feijão-caupi (BRS Acauã e BRS Tapaihum) e as subparcelas, cinco espaçamentos, resultando em cinco densidades de plantio: 66.66780.000; 100.000; 133.333 e 200.000 plantas ha-1, dez repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da planta, número de vagens por planta, peso de 10 vagens, comprimento de vagem, peso de 100 grãos e rendimento de grãos. Não foi observado efeito significativo de interação entre cultivar e densidades de plantas de feijão-caupi para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. O aumento da densidade de 66.667 para 200.000 mil plantas ha-1 resultou em acréscimo de 23% na altura média das plantas, redução de 64% no número de vagens por planta e aumento de aproximadamente 117% no rendimento de grãos. Recomenda-se a densidade de 200.000 plantas ha-1 para incrementos na produtividade de grãos de feijão-caupi na região Norte da Bahia.
Comparação entre adubação com cloreto de potássio e dois tipos de rochas potássicas no crescimento de Eucalyptus urophylla
Authors: Moraes Neto Sebastião Pires de , Martins Eder de Souza
Published: January 2021

A escassez de rochas brasileiras ricas em potássio e de solubilidade que disponibilize o elemento do solo às plantas justifica a dependência da importação de fertilizantes potássicos. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de comparar o desempenho de dois tipos de rochas in natura (biotita xisto e fonolito) em comparação à adubação com KCl no crescimento de Eucalyptus urophylla. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: T1 = testemunha sem K; T2=60 kg de K2O por ha na forma de KCl; T3=120 kg de K2O por ha na forma de KCl; T4=240 kg de K2O por ha na forma de KCl; T5=120 kg de K2O por ha na forma de fonolito; T6=120 kg de K2O por ha na forma de biotita xisto; T7=60 kg de K2O (KCl) por ha + 60 kg de K2O por ha (fonolito); T8=60 kg de K2O (KCl) por ha + 60 kg de  K2O por ha (biotita xisto). Observou-se após seis anos do plantio que o diâmetro à altura do peito das plantas sob a aplicação de 120 kg de K2O por ha na forma de KCl não diferiu  da adubação com 120 kg de K2O por ha na forma de fonolito.
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST IN THE CASE OF CROATIAN REGIONS
Authors: Jurlina Alibegović Dubravka , Marošević Katarina
Published: January 2021

Institutions and institutional trust can be marked as important determinants of (regional) growth and development in contemporary literature. Aim of this paper is to analyse institutional trust in two Croatian counties and to compare those results with earlier theoretical findings. The methodology consists of in-depth interviews made by survey of counsellors or some of leading functions in two Croatian counties. The results are mostly in accordance with earlier theory findings of institutional trust for Croatian level, i.e. the highest level of institutional trust was related with traditional values, for instance in family, while in some institutions trust varied and had a gap in level of respondents trust, depending of their own experience, for instance in self-government and educational system. At very low level of institutional trust were for instance, political parties and Government. As singled out, some of the main obstacles in achieving high levels of institutional trust were corruption, inconsistency in decision-making and enforcement, non- compliance, slow and complicated procedures, non-transparency, politization. Trust in institutions according to the results, impacts reduction and regulation of uncertainty in the economy. These results could be very worth and a certain guide for policy makers and their future decision-making.