bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of melatonin on electrical impedance and biomarkers of damage in a gastric ischemia/reperfusion model
Authors: Peña-Mercado Eduardo , Garcia-Lorenzana Mario , Huerta-Yepez Sara , Cruz-Ledesma Anahis , Beltran-Vargas Nohra E.
Published: August 2022

The damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is closely related to high mortality in critically ill patients, which is attributable, in part, to the lack of an early method of diagnosis to show the degree of ischemia-induced injury in this type of patients. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been shown to be a tool to early diagnose gastric mucosal damage induced by ischemia. A therapeutic alternative to reduce this type of injury is melatonin (MT), which has gastroprotective effects in I/R models. In this work, the effect of treatment with MT on the electrical properties of gastric tissue, biomarkers of inflammatory (iNOS and COX-2), proliferation, and apoptotic process under I/R conditions in male Wistar rats was evaluated through EIS, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Treatment with MT prevents gastric mucosa damage, causing a decrease in gastric impedance parameters related to the inflammatory process and cellular damage. This suggests that EIS could be used as a tool to diagnose and monitor the evolution of gastric mucosal injury, as well as in the recovery process in critically ill patients.
Fatores que afetam a caminhabilidade de adultos mais velhos em áreas urbanas brasileiras: uma abordagem multinível
Authors: Pereira Caldeira Gabriel , Akemi Marçal Imai Renata , Araújo de Melo Lucas Eduardo , Barbieri da Cunha Claudio , Isler Cassiano Augusto
Published: August 2022

A garantia da participação social dos idosos por meio do acesso às atividades urbanas tem papel fundamental na promoção do envelhecimento saudável, especialmente em um contexto de maior crescimento dessa parcela da população. Este artigo tem o objetivo de identificar e analisar os padrões de deslocamento urbano a pé de indivíduos maiores de 50 anos e suas variações entre macrorregiões e cidades de diferentes estratos populacionais no Brasil. Modelos mistos e não-mistos de regressão binomial negativo inflacionado de zeros foram estimados utilizando-se o banco de dados do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (ELSI) para identificar a existência de heterogeneidades no contexto nacional e analisar os fatores que afetam a escolha pela caminhada, assim como a intensidade daqueles que caminham. Resultados evidenciam a dificuldade de se locomover como principal fator relacionado à escolha pela caminhada, enquanto a segurança pública, qualidade das calçadas e risco de atravessar a rua diminuem o tempo semanal de caminhada.
Prune Juice Containing Sorbitol, Pectin, and Polyphenol Ameliorates Subjective Complaints and Hard Feces While Normalizing Stool in Chronic Constipation: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Koyama Taishi , Nagata Naoyoshi , Nishiura Kengo , Miura Naoki , Kawai Takashi , Yamamoto Hirotaka
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of prune juice on chronic constipation.

METHODS:

We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Japanese subjects with chronic constipation.

RESULTS:

Prune intake significantly decreased hard and lumpy stools while increasing normal stool and not increasing loose and watery stools. Prune intake also ameliorated subjective complaints of constipation and hard stools, without alteration of flatulence, diarrhea, loose stools, or urgent need for defecation. There were no adverse events or laboratory abnormalities of liver or renal function after prune intake.

DISCUSSION:

Prune juice exerted an effective and safe natural food therapy for chronic constipation.
Evaluating the Role of Antibiotics in Patients Admitted to Hospital With Decompensated Cirrhosis: Lessons From the ATTIRE Trial
Authors: Kutmutia Rishen , Tittanegro Thais , China Louise , Forrest Ewan , Kallis Yiannis , Ryder Stephen D. , Wright Gavin , Freemantle Nick , O'Brien Alastair
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are common in cirrhosis with antibiotics frequently used to prevent infections, but their efficacy for this role is unknown. To investigate this, we used Albumin to Prevent Infection in Chronic Liver Failure (ATTIRE) data to evaluate whether antibiotic use in patients without infection prevented HAI.

METHODS:

In ATTIRE patients without infection at baseline grouped by antibiotic prescription or not, we studied HAI during trial treatment period and mortality, with propensity score matching to account for differences in disease severity.

RESULTS:

Two hundred three of 408 patients prescribed antibiotics at enrollment did not have infection and they were more unwell than noninfected patients not given antibiotics. There were no differences in subsequent HAI comparing antibiotic treated (39/203, 19.2%) to nonantibiotic treated (73/360, 20.3%; P = 0.83). Twenty-eight-day mortality was higher in antibiotic-treated patients (P = 0.004) likely reflecting increased disease severity. Matching groups using propensity scoring revealed no differences in HAI or mortality. In noninfected patients at enrollment treated with/without rifaximin, there were no differences in HAI (P = 0.16) or mortality, confirmed with propensity matching. Patients given long-term antibiotic prophylaxis at discharge had no differences in 6-month mortality compared with nonantibiotic patients, although antibiotic-treated patients had more infections at trial entry, with numbers too small for matching.

DISCUSSION:

Half of antibiotics at study entry were given to patients without an infection diagnosis which did not reduce the overall risk of HAI or improve mortality. This supports prompt de-escalation or discontinuation of antibiotics guided by culture sensitivities at 24–48 hours after commencement if no infection and the patient is improving.
Recognizing and Defining Occasional Constipation: Expert Consensus Recommendations
Authors: Rao Satish S.C. , Lacy Brian E. , Emmanuel Anton , Müller-Lissner Stefan , Pohl Daniel , Quigley Eamonn M.M. , Whorwell Peter
Published: August 2022

Constipation is a common problem, affects 15% of the population, and is often self-diagnosed and self-managed. Over the past 3 decades, there have been significant advances in our understanding and management of chronic constipation, with the emerging recognition that occasional constipation (OC) is another subtype that falls outside current classifications. The purpose of this review was to describe the process of developing and proposing a new definition for OC based on expert consensus and taking into consideration the multifactorial nature of the problem such as alterations in bowel habit that include stool frequency and difficulty with stool passage, perception of the sufferer, duration of symptoms, and potential responsiveness to treatment. Leading gastroenterologists from 5 countries met virtually on multiple occasions through an online digital platform to discuss the problem of OC and recommended a practical, user-friendly definition: “OC can be defined as intermittent or occasional symptomatic alteration(s) in bowel habit. This includes a bothersome reduction in the frequency of bowel movements and/or difficulty with passage of stools but without alarming features. Bowel symptoms may last for a few days or a few weeks, and episodes may require modification of lifestyle, dietary habits and/or use of over-the-counter laxatives or bulking agents to restore a satisfactory bowel habit.” Prospective studies are required to validate this definition and determine OC prevalence in the community. This review highlights current knowledge gaps and could provide impetus for future research to facilitate an improved understanding of OC and development of evidence-based management guidelines.
The Risk of Metachronous Advanced Neoplasia After Colonoscopy in Patients Aged 40–49 Years Compared With That in Patients Aged 50–59 Years
Authors: Ma Gene , Anderson Meredith , Liu Liyan , Li Dan
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:

This study investigated the risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia (AN) after colonoscopy in individuals aged 40–49 years compared with that in individuals aged 50–59 years.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study was performed among Kaiser Permanente Northern California members aged 40–59 years who had their first (index) colonoscopy in 2010–2013. Participants were followed up until death, disenrollment, AN on surveillance colonoscopy, or December 31, 2018. The risk for the development of AN was estimated using the Cox regression, adjusted for confounders.

RESULTS:

The study included 11,374 patients (2,396 aged 40–49 years and 8,978 aged 50–59 years). When comparing the 40–49 years group with the 50–59 years group, AN was detected in 2.2% vs 4.4% (P = 0.0003) on surveillance colonoscopy after index colonoscopy finding of no adenoma, in 4.6% vs 7.0% (P = 0.03) after a finding of nonadvanced adenoma (NAA), and in 7.9% vs 11.7% (P = 0.06) after a finding of advanced adenoma (AA), respectively. Compared with the 50–59 years group, the 40–49 years group had a lower risk of metachronous AN when no adenoma was detected on index colonoscopy (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.83) and no difference when NAA (HR 0.84; 95% CI 0.54–1.24) or AA (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.51–1.31) was detected.

DISCUSSION:

Compared with patients aged 50–59 years, patients aged 40–49 years may have a lower risk of developing metachronous AN when no adenoma is detected on index colonoscopy and a similar risk when NAA or AA is detected. These data suggest current surveillance colonoscopy guidelines may be applicable to patients aged 40–49 years who undergo colonoscopy.
Diagnostic Delay in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis Has Not Changed Since the First Description 30 Years Ago: Diagnostic Delay in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Murray Fritz R. , Kreienbuehl Andrea S. , Greuter Thomas , Nennstiel Simon , Safroneeva Ekaterina , Saner Catherine , Schindler Valeria , Schlag Christoph , Schoepfer Alain M. , Schreiner Philipp , Straumann Alex , Biedermann Luc
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic progressive disease. Diagnostic delay (DD) is associated with increased risk of esophageal strictures and food impactions. We aimed to assess the evolution of DD since the first description of EoE in 1993 until 2021.

METHODS:

We analyzed data from patients prospectively included in the Swiss EoE database. DD was calculated as the time interval between the first occurrence of EoE symptoms and the confirmed diagnosis. DD was analyzed annually over time (1989–2021) and according to milestone publications in the field (1993: first description; 2007: first consensus recommendations; and 2011: updated consensus recommendations). In addition, a Cox proportional hazards model has been used to describe the relation between DD and covariates.

RESULTS:

Complete data of 1,152 patients (857 male [74%]; median age at diagnosis: 38 years, interquartile range: 28–49, range: 1–86) were analyzed. Overall, median DD was 4 years (interquartile range: 1–11, range, 0–56), with DD ≥ 10 years in 32% of the population. Over time, DD did not significantly change, neither annually nor according to release dates of milestone publications with a persistently stable fraction of roughly one-third of all patients with a DD of ≥10 years. Both ages at diagnosis (P < 0.001, with an increase in DD up to the age of 31–40 years) and at symptom onset (younger patients had a longer DD; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with DD.

DISCUSSION:

DD has not changed since the first description of EoE almost 30 years ago and remains substantial. Even today, one-third of patients have a persistently high DD of ≥10 years. Substantial efforts are warranted to increase awareness for EoE and its hallmark symptom, solid food dysphagia, as an age-independent red-flag symptom among healthcare professionals and presumably the general population alike to lower risk of long-term complications.
Biomass and essential oil production of basil at recirculation intervals of nutrient solutions prepared with treated domestic effluents
Authors: Lucylia Suzart Alves  , Hans Raj Gheyi  , Mairton Gomes da Silva  , Vital Pedro da Silva Paz
Published: August 2022

Considering the growing water crisis, using wastewater helps reduce the pressure on good-quality water consumption. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the growth, production, and essential oil content of Alfavaca Basilicão and Grecco a Palla basil genotypes with a DFT (deep flow technique) hydroponic system adapted to PVC tubes at different recirculation intervals of nutrient solutions prepared with treated domestic effluents. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse with Alfavaca Basilicão and Grecco a Palla basil genotypes analyzed individually. It was a completely randomized design with four replicates in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme: two types of water (public-supply water and wastewater) and three recirculation intervals of nutrient solutions (2, 4, and 6 hours). At 35 days after transplanting, the study evaluated plant height, stem diameter, shoot fresh mass, shoot dry mass, water consumption, water use efficiency, and essential oil content and yield. The types of water did not significantly influence the variables of growth, production, and essential oil content of the basil genotypes. Basil cultivation with the DFT system in tubes is technically feasible with nutrient solutions prepared with treated domestic effluents and recirculation every 2 and 6 hours for Grecco a Palla and Alfavaca Basilicão genotypes, respectively. The means of essential oil content were 1.6 and 1.7% (v/m) for Alfavaca Basilicão and Grecco a Palla genotypes, respectively.
Effects of the pesticides chlorpyriphos, metsulfuron-methyl, and thiamethoxam on ant communities in wheat crop
Authors: De Barros Emerson Cristi , Dângelo Rômulo Augusto Cotta , Sousa Fernanda Freitas , Sacramento Jose Augusto Amorim Silva do , Taube Júnior Paulo Sérgio , Galúcio João Marcos Pereira , Sorrel Godinho Barbosa de Souza
Published: August 2022

Ants are important components of food webs in several ecosystems. In anthropic areas, they can be used as bioindicators of the environmental impacts caused by many factors or in the evaluation of the dynamics of the recovery of an area after a certain disturbance. In this context, ants can be used as bioindicators in studies on the evaluation of environmental disturbances caused by pesticide use. Thus, the present work investigated the environmental impacts caused by the application of the insecticides chlorpyriphos and thiamethoxam and the herbicide metsulfuron-methyl in the community of ants in wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.). The data were collected by pitfall traps and Berlese funnels. A Principal Response Curve was used for a relative abundance analysis. In addition, diversity index and richness were calculated for ant communities. The presence of six families, 11 tribes, 15 genera, and 19 morphospecies of ants belonging to the guilds of fungivorous, omnivorous, and predaceous ants were observed in the soil of the wheat crop. The insecticides chlorpyriphos and thiamethoxam reduced the richness, diversity, and relative abundance of ants of all the guilds on the surface and inside the soil. The effect of the herbicide metsulfuron-methyl on the community of ants was lower than the impact of the insecticides on these insects.
Luminosity, temperature, and substrates on the germination of Solanum capsicoides
Authors: Oliveira Baptista Julcinara , Sobreira Alexandre Rodrigo , Muniz de Lima Paula Aparecida , de Oliveira Lopes Simone , Palacio de Araujo Caroline , De Maria Batista de Oliveira Conceição , Lopes José Carlos
Published: August 2022

Solanum capsicoides, commonly known as red soda apple, is a little-studied species with phytotherapeutic characteristics of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. However, little is known about its agronomic characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of light, different temperatures, and substrates on the germination of S. capsicoides seeds. The study consisted of two experiments: Experiment I - Germination of S. capsicoides seeds under different wavelengths. The seeds were kept on Petri dishes covered with Germitest™ paper moistened with distilled water and exposed to the monochromatic, red, far-red, and dark wavelengths. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds. Experiment II - Germination of S. capsicoides seeds on different substrates and at different temperatures. The seeds were distributed according to six substrates: paper roll, on paper, between sand, on sand, on soil + sand + manure, and between soil + sand + manure. The seeds were also subjected to the constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C and the alternate temperatures of 20-30, 20-35, 25-30, and 25-35 °C, characterizing a 6 x 8 factorial arrangement. Germination rate, germination speed index, and mean germination time were evaluated. Red soda apple seeds are classified as positive photoblastic, with the highest germination rate occurring at the temperature of 20-35 °C combined with on paper, paper roll, on sand, and between sand substrates.
Surface roughness evaluation and whitening efficiency on tooth enamel after using whitening toothpaste: a randomized double-blinded study
Authors: Kamiya Coppini Erick , Araújo Pierote Josué Junior , Trazzi Prieto Lúcia , Frazão Câmara João Victor , Ferreira Barbosa Isabel , Damiana da Silveira Pereira Gisele , Monteiro Monnerat Tinoco Justine , Feres de Carvalho Vianna Renato , Groisman Sonia , Dos Santos Dias Carlos Tadeu , Alves Nunes Leite Lima Debora , Baggio Aguiar Flávio Henrique , Maffei Sartini Paulillo Luís Alexandre
Published: August 2022

The aim of this randomized double-blinded study was to evaluate the enamel surface roughness and color change after one month of whitening toothpaste use and the color stability obtained 1 month after its interruption. 30 volunteers were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) corresponding to the dentifrices: 1) Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint (TD) (Control), 2) Colgate Luminous White (LW) and 3) Sensodyne Whitening Extra Fresh (SB). The volunteers were impression with addition silicone to obtain an epoxy resin replica of the upper central incisor for the initial surface roughness evaluation using a profilometer and the initial color of the incisors and canines was evaluated with a spectrophotometer after one week of wash-out. After 1 month, the color of the central incisors and canines was measured again, and the volunteers were molded to obtain a second replica to the final roughness analysis. Data were submitted to ANOVA-one way (p≤0.05). The results showed that there was no statistical difference between the dentifrices for color difference and surface roughness for all the studied conditions. It was possible to conclude that the whitening dentifrices used in this study were not able to alter the initial color of the teeth and did not cause changes in the surface roughness of enamel.
Alrededor de la caverna. El ‘intelectual–filósofo’ en Argentina (1910–1955): modelo para armar
Authors: Domínguez Rubio Lucas
Published: August 2022

La pregunta sobre la función social del filósofo y la filosofía acechó sistemáticamente el desarrollo de esta disciplina a través de los siglos. También en Argentina, durante el proceso de conformación de la filosofía como disciplina universitaria en un país agro–exportador, este problema adquirió un tono de polémica especialmente álgido. Por esto, desde la década de 1910, los principales profesores de filosofía procuraron brindar una respuesta y así justificar la tarea de su propia disciplina. El presente artículo parte entonces de desarrollar la importancia de tal pregunta en aquel contexto para luego esquematizar las respuestas suscitadas. En un primer momento, mencionamos cierto acuerdo en aceptar una “función social” de la filosofía vinculada a los estudios de las ciencias sociales. Bajo un esquema axiológico, en un segundo momento, gran parte de la comunidad de filósofos locales consideraron que el intelectual–filósofo era quien debía, de diferentes modos y con distintos fines, identificar valores sociales a promover. Poco después, también existieron propuestas que pensaron una tarea centralmente universitaria y otras, incluso en la década de 1940, que consideraron que la filosofía debía contribuir con relatos de conformación identitaria de la nacionalidad. Este texto recorre estas propuestas cronológicamente hasta la primera revista local que pareció vislumbrar tempranamente las reglas académicas internacionales que adoptaría paulatinamente la disciplina.
Sobre la irreductibilidad del debate entre teorías somáticas y cognitivas de las emociones
Authors: Melamed Andrea F.
Published: August 2022

Durante las últimas décadas, se ha desarrollado un intenso debate en torno a la caracterización de las emociones en el que se perfilaron dos enfoques que se presentaban como incompatibles entre sí: la perspectiva somática y la perspectiva cognitiva de las emociones. En este trabajo me propongo evaluar si estas son en efecto posiciones irreconciliables, a partir de la sistematización de las tesis que le han dado identidad a cada una de estas perspectivas. Habiendo desarticulado algunos puntos de divergencia, finalmente, advierto en qué sentido considero que el debate se mantiene irreducible.
Desesperación “masculina” y desesperación “femenina”: el rol de la sexualidad en la teoría del yo de Kierkegaard
Authors: Rodríguez Pablo Uriel
Published: August 2022

En La enfermedad mortal Kierkegaard traza una distinción fundamental entre dos formas de desesperación consciente en términos de categorías sexuales: la «desesperación femenina» o desesperación debilidad (no querer ser sí mismo) y la «desesperación masculina» o desesperación desafío (querer ser sí mismo). El presente artículo se propone (i.) clarificar qué significa esta distinción y (ii.) establecer si la fórmula que, de acuerdo con Kierkegaard, describe el sí mismo auténtico es congruente con una personalidad andrógina.
En torno a lo verdadero: retorno a Althusser, rodeo por Lacan
Authors: Viedma Celeste
Published: August 2022

Este artículo se propone retomar los conceptos de problemática y ruptura epistemológica presentados por Althusser en diversos artículos de La revolución teórica de Marx, a los que se busca poner en relación con las consideraciones de Lacan en el Seminario IX acerca del cogito cartesiano. En discusión con algunas de las lecturas contemporáneas de ambos autores, busca dar cuenta de cierta afinidad en sus planteos en torno a la posibilidad de un encuentro con lo real y del planteo de lo verdadero distinto de la garantía de Verdad. Por último, presenta la conceptualización althusseriana de práctica teórica como proceso de trabajo que pone en relación Generalidades y la concepción de una ética de la práctica (teórica, analítica, política) dada por la posibilidad de dar cuenta de sí.
Sobre el concepto de libertad de Hegel
Authors: Ungler Franz , Maureira Max
Published: August 2022

El artículo pretende destacar la relevancia de la lógica dialéctica para el concepto de libertad. Al respecto, Ungler comienza señalando algunas dificultades fundamentales que surgen, tanto para la metafísica dogmática (pre–kantiana) como para la filosofía trascendental de Kant en el concepto de libertad. Considerando la filosofía trascendental de Kant, Ungler enfatiza su visión revolucionaria de que la libertad ya no se entiende como una propiedad de una cosa sino más bien como una auto–relación (autonomía). Sin embargo, el problema fundamental que el concepto de libertad nos reclama, es pensar y, de este modo, resolver la contradicción irresuelta en Kant. Ungler apunta la solución de este problema, considerando los §§ 5–7 de los Fundamentos de la filosofía del derecho de Hegel. Finalmente, las observaciones críticas sobre las tendencias que prevalecen en la interpretación de la libertad demuestran la relevancia del concepto de libertad de Hegel.
External quality control in laboratory medicine. Progresses and future
Authors: Ricós Carmen , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Perich Carmen , Sandberg Sverre
Published: August 2022

Objectives

An external quality control program distributes same control samples to various laboratories and evaluates results obtained with a common criterion. The aim of this work is to summarize the evolution of various types of external programs, to point out the progresses ant to preclude practical consequences of the participant laboratories.

Content

The material consists on a brief revision of the different types of external programs that have been used for the last forty years. The method is the critical analysis of the strong and weak points of each program model, from the light of our experience. External quality assessment (EQA) programs were initiated at half the XX century, evidencing big discrepancies among laboratory results. EQA were developed in various countries and some mechanisms to harmonize them were proposed: to establish common performance specifications derived from biological variation, to use EQS as educational tool. Since the 2000 important advances were seen: to focus EQA to assure the adequate clinical use of laboratory tests, to use commutable controls, to harmonize the different EQA models, to promote a forum for co-operation and exchange of knowledge on quality-related matters for EQA organizers.

Summary and Outlook

To participate in an EQA with commutable-reference method assigned values controls allows to know the real inaccuracy of results and their impact on patient’ samples. To participate in a EQA with non commutable controls allows to know whether the individual laboratory performance agrees with that from other laboratories using same analytical method.
Mechanical response of different frameworks for maxillary all-on-four implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis: 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Güçlü Zekiye Begüm , Gürbüz Ayhan , Deste Gökay Gonca , Durkan Rukiye , Oyar Perihan
Published: August 2022

This study’s purpose is to assess the stress distribution in the peri-implant bone, implants, and prosthetic framework using two different posterior implant angles. All-on-four maxillary prostheses fabricated from feldspathic-ceramic-veneered zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) and feldspathic-ceramic-veneered cobalt-chromium (CoCr) were designed with 17 or 30-degree-angled posterior implants. Posterior cantilever and frontal vertical loads were applied to all models. The distribution of maximum and minimum principal stresses (σmax and σmin) and von Mises stress (σVM) was evaluated. Under posterior cantilever load, with an increase in posterior implant angle, σmax decreased by 4 and 7 MPa in the cortical bone when ZLS and CoCr were used as a prosthetic framework, respectively. Regardless of the framework material, 17-degree-angled posterior implants showed the highest σVM (541.36 MPa under posterior cantilever load; 110.79 MPa under frontal vertical load) values. Regardless of the posterior implant angle, ZLS framework showed the highest σVM (91.59 MPa under posterior cantilever load; 218.99 MPa under frontal vertical load) values. Increasing implant angle from 17 to 30° caused a decrease in σmax values in the cortical bone. Designs with 30-degree posterior implant angles and ZLS framework material may be preferred in All-on-four implant-supported fixed complete dentures.
A hybrid deep learning using reptile dragonfly search algorithm for reducing the PAPR in OFDM systems
Authors: Raveen Panchireddi , Ratna Kumari Uppalapati Venkata
Published: August 2022

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a famous multi-carrier modulation technique as it has a vast range of features like robustness against multi-path fading, higher bandwidth efficiency, and higher data rates. Though, OFDM has its own challenges. Among them, high peak power to average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signal is the major problem in OFDM. In recent years, deep learning has drastically enhanced the performance of PAPR. In addition, the excessive training data and high computational complexity lead to a considerable issue in OFDM system. Thus, this paper implements a new PAPR reduction scheme in OFDM Systems through hybrid deep learning algorithms. A new optimized hybrid deep learning termed O-DNN + RNN is implemented by integrating the deep neural networks (DNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), where the parameters of both DNN and RNN are optimized using Hybrid Reptile Dragonfly Search Algorithm (HR-DSA). The new deep learning model is adopted for determining the constellation mapping and demapping of symbols on each subcarrier. This new optimized hybrid deep learning helps in reducing the PAPR and maximizes the performance.
Computational fluid dynamics simulation of material testing reactor spent fuel cooling in wet storage
Authors: Abdel-Latif Salwa H. , Elnaggar Sayed A.
Published: August 2022

Safe and efficient storage of spent fuel elements is an important aspect of the safety and economy of nuclear reactors. The present work investigates the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the cooling process for the nuclear spent fuel stored in the material testing reactor auxiliary pool. The parameters affected by the spent fuel cooling accuracy, the decay power of spent fuel and the initial temperature of the coolant pool are studied. These parameters are simulated by developing a model using thermal-hydraulic computational fluid dynamics, ANSYS FLUENT 17.2 Code. The developed model is evaluated by the previous measurements; an experimental test rig is designed and constructed to investigate the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the natural circulation cooling of the nuclear spent fuel. The present study uses the validated model to simulate numerically the forced convection heat transfer for spent fuel pools. Various coolant velocities and decay powers are examined. Also, the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the nuclear spent fuel is studied in transient mode; the initial temperature is raised to 338K. The results show the spent fuel cooling improves as the coolant velocity increases. A good agreement was identified after comparing experimental results with the investigated model.
The nonlinear vibration and dispersive wave systems with extended homoclinic breather wave solutions
Authors: Rao Xianqing , Manafian Jalil , Mahmoud K. H. , Hajar Afandiyeva , Mahdi Ahmed B. , Zaidi Muhaned
Published: August 2022

This article investigates the extended homoclinic (heteroclinic) breather wave solutions and interaction periodic and dark soliton solutions to the nonlinear vibration and dispersive wave systems. The solutions include periodic, breather, and soliton solutions. The bilinear form is considered in terms of Hirota derivatives. Accordingly, we utilize the Cole–Hopf algorithm to obtain the exact solutions of the (

2
+
1

2+1

)-dimensional modified dispersive water-wave system. The analytical treatment of extended homoclinic breather wave solutions and interaction periodic and dark soliton solutions are studied and plotted in four forms of density plots. A nonlinear vibration system will be studied. Employing appropriate mathematical assumptions, the novel kinds of the extended homoclinic breather wave solutions and interaction periodic and dark soliton solutions are derived and constructed in view of the combination of kink, periodic, and soliton for an extended homoclinic breather and also a combination of two kinks, periodic and dark soliton in terms of exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic functions for interaction periodic and dark soliton of the governing equation. To achieve this, the illustrative example of the (

2
+
1

2+1

)-D modified dispersive water-wave system is furnished to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the procedure applied in this research. The trajectory solutions of the traveling waves are offered explicitly and graphically. The effect of the free parameters on the behavior of designed figures of a few obtained solutions for two nonlinear rational exact cases was also considered. By comparing the suggested scheme with the other existing methods, the results state that the execution of this technique is succinct, extensive, and straightforward.
Auf die Beziehungen kommt es an! Die Analyse sozialer Netzwerke in der Sportwissenschaft
Authors: Wäsche Hagen
Published: August 2022

Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, den Anwendungsbereich und Nutzen der sozialen Netzwerkanalyse (SNA) für die sportwissenschaftliche Forschung herauszuarbeiten sowie die Grundlage eines sportwissenschaftlichen Forschungsprogramms darzustellen. Dazu findet zunächst eine theoretische Einordung des Netzwerkbegriffs im Zusammenhang von sozialen Strukturen und sozialem Handeln statt. Im Anschluss werden die wichtigsten theoretischen und methodischen Konzepte der SNA vorgestellt. Schließlich werden zentrale Themen und Fragestellungen netzwerkanalytischer Forschung in der Sportwissenschaft diskutiert. Dies geschieht mittels einer sechsdimensionalen Typologie von sozialen Netzwerken im Sport, welche eine systematische Betrachtung des Forschungsfeldes erlaubt. Anhand verschiedener Beispiele zu den Netzwerktypen werden die Bandbreite sportwissenschaftlicher Netzwerkforschung aufgezeigt sowie zukünftige Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten verdeutlicht.
Individualisierte Athletenentwicklung als komplexe Managementaufgabe in Stützpunktnetzwerken des Leistungssports: Zur Programmentwicklung der PRIO-Intervention
Authors: Mayer Jochen , Kühnle Felix , Dörnenburg Luisa , Thiel Ansgar
Published: August 2022

Die Schaffung optimaler Rahmenbedingungen für eine möglichst individualisierte Athletenentwicklung stellt Leistungssportorganisationen vor vielschichtige Herausforderungen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag begründen wir das Design eines Organisationsentwicklungsprogramms zur Förderung der individualisierten Athletenentwicklung (PRIO-Intervention), welches derzeit im Netzwerk aus dem Olympiastützpunkt und Bundesstützpunkten der Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar implementiert, evaluiert und optimiert wird. Im Rahmen theoretischer Überlegungen wird zunächst gezeigt, dass Athletenentwicklung ein komplexer biopsychosozialer Prozess ist, der neben der Förderung sportmotorischer Höchstleistung auch die nachhaltige Gesunderhaltung und konstruktive Bewältigung alltäglicher Lebensaufgaben beinhaltet. Vor diesem Hintergrund konzipieren wir individualisierte Athletenentwicklung als Managementaufgabe in Stützpunktnetzwerken des Leistungssports, die einen angemessenen Umgang mit Heterogenität, Interdisziplinarität und Flexibilität erfordert. Zudem wird die praktische Relevanz von partizipativen Ansätzen aus dem Bereich der Organisationsentwicklung verdeutlicht. Auf dieser Basis stellen wir die Konzeption der PRIO-Intervention vor, die im Kern aus drei vernetzten Phasen (Hear-, Create-, Deliver-Phase) und einem prozessbegleitenden multi-stakeholder Koordinierungsteam besteht. Dieser Ansatz soll insbesondere den Athletinnen und Athleten die Möglichkeit geben, sich aktiv an der Entwicklung von Lösungen zur Optimierung ihres Stützpunktnetzwerks zu beteiligen. Durch die Evaluierung des Implementierungsprozesses lassen sich zudem neue Erkenntnisse über die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen partizipationsbasierter Interventionen der Organisationsentwicklung im Leistungssport gewinnen.
The relationship between serum vitamin D and antibody response following two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Öztürk Reyhan , Yılmaz Niyazi Samet , Ulukanlıgil Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Low vitamin D levels are associated with the severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection. Nevertheless, the relationship between the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the antibody response following COVID-19 vaccination is not fully elucidated. Herein, we explored the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 IgG (sCOVG) and 25(OH)D.

Methods

In this prospective observational case-control study, we used an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay method to measure sCOVG and 25(OH)D levels in 96 patients 28 days following the second dose of inactivated vaccine. We considered the positivity for sCOVG at three different index values: 1, 2.42, and 7. We classified 25(OH)D levels between 0 and 20 ng/mL as vitamin D deficiency, 21–29 ng/mL as insufficiency and 30 ng/mL as sufficiency.

Results

Median sCOVG index was 6.02 (interquartile ranges 3.41–11.63) and median 25(OH)D level was 11.5 ng/mL (interquartile ranges 10–17). We could not find a significant correlation between 25(OH)D and sCOVG levels (Spearman’s rho, r=0.175, p=0.12). When considering the variables categorically, we did also not conclude significant relationships between adequate or inadequate antibody responses in patients with deficient, insufficient, and sufficient 25(OH)D by three sCOVG cut-off index values (1, 2.42, and 7) (Chi-square test, p=0.8, 0.29, and 0.08, respectively).

Conclusions

The relevant literature is limited on the association between the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines and vitamin D levels. Although the previous research suggested conflicting findings of the response to mRNA vaccines, we could not conclude a significant relationship between sCOVG and 25(OH)D levels 28 days after two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.
Synthesis of chiral binaphthol-based bishydroxylamines
Authors: Kleinheider André , Lamm Jan-Hendrik , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans-Georg , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: August 2022

Although bishydroxylamines have been widely used in chemistry, very little has been reported on corresponding chiral representatives. In this paper, we present the synthesis of two chiral binaphthyl-based bishydroxylamines with different substitution patterns at their NOH functions. The key step of the synthesis involves the reduction of the corresponding dinitrone compounds. The molecular structure in the solid state of one of the nitrone precursors is presented.
The Effects of Training Interventions on Modifiable Hamstring Strain Injury Risk Factors in Healthy Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schneider Celine , Van Hooren Bas , Cronin John , Jukic Ivan
Published: August 2022

Despite promising research on various soccer-specific injury prevention programs, hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) persist in being a major problem in the sport. Therefore, in an attempt to expand the current knowledge on the prevention of HSIs, this systematic review aimed to identify how modifiable risk factors for HSIs (hamstring strength, hamstring:quadriceps [H:Q] strength ratios, biceps femoris long head fascicle length, and hamstring angle of peak torque) were altered following various training interventions. The protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42020177363). The literature search was conducted on PubMed, SportDISCUS, and Web of Science. Following the search process, 20 studies were included in the systematic review, and the methodological quality of these studies was reported. Interventions were categorized based on exercise characteristics (movement velocity and contraction type), and the effects of each intervention subgroup were analyzed separately for all proposed risk factors for HSIs. Our findings show that a broad variety of exercise types (i.e., high- and low-velocity movements, eccentric only and traditional exercises) improves all risk factors for HSIs compared with fewer exercise types. Therefore, these findings suggest that hamstring injury risk factors can best be modified using a wide variety of exercises compared with, for example, only 1 or 2 specific exercises.
m6A is required for resolving progenitor identity during planarian stem cell differentiation
Authors: Dagan Yael , Yesharim Yarden , Bonneau Ashley R , Frankovits Tamar , Schwartz Schraga , Reddien Peter W , Wurtzel Omri
Published: August 2022

Regeneration and tissue homeostasis require accurate production of missing cell lineages. Cell production is driven by changes to gene expression, which is shaped by multiple layers of regulation. Here, we find that the ubiquitous mRNA base‐modification, m6A, is required for proper cell fate choice and cellular maturation in planarian stem cells (neoblasts). We mapped m6A‐enriched regions in 7,600 planarian genes and found that perturbation of the m6A pathway resulted in progressive deterioration of tissues and death. Using single‐cell RNA sequencing of >20,000 cells following perturbation of the m6A pathway, we identified an increase in expression of noncanonical histone variants, and that inhibition of the pathway resulted in accumulation of undifferentiated cells throughout the animal in an abnormal transcriptional state. Analysis of >1,000 planarian gene expression datasets revealed that the inhibition of the chromatin modifying complex NuRD had almost indistinguishable consequences, unraveling an unappreciated link between m6A and chromatin modifications. Our findings reveal that m6A is critical for planarian stem cell homeostasis and gene regulation in tissue maintenance and regeneration.
Identification and characterization of in vitro expanded hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Che James L C , Bode Daniel , Kucinski Iwo , Cull Alyssa H , Bain Fiona , Becker Hans J , Jassinskaja Maria , Barile Melania , Boyd Grace , Belmonte Miriam , Zeng Andy G X , Igarashi Kyomi J , Rubio‐Lara Juan , Shepherd Mairi S , Clay Anna , Dick John E , Wilkinson Adam C , Nakauchi Hiromitsu , Yamazaki Satoshi , Göttgens Berthold , Kent David G
Published: August 2022

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) cultured outside the body are the fundamental component of a wide range of cellular and gene therapies. Recent efforts have achieved > 200‐fold expansion of functional HSCs, but their molecular characterization has not been possible since the majority of cells are non‐HSCs and single cell‐initiated cultures have substantial clone‐to‐clone variability. Using the Fgd5 reporter mouse in combination with the EPCR surface marker, we report exclusive identification of HSCs from non‐HSCs in expansion cultures. By directly linking single‐clone functional transplantation data with single‐clone gene expression profiling, we show that the molecular profile of expanded HSCs is similar to proliferating fetal HSCs and reveals a gene expression signature, including Esam, Prdm16, Fstl1, and Palld, that can identify functional HSCs from multiple cellular states. This “repopulation signature” (RepopSig) also enriches for HSCs in human datasets. Together, these findings demonstrate the power of integrating functional and molecular datasets to better derive meaningful gene signatures and opens the opportunity for a wide range of functional screening and molecular experiments previously not possible due to limited HSC numbers.
Spirocyclic alkoxysilane synthesized from rice straw ash for preparation of eco-friendly hydrophobic silicone coatings
Authors: Liu Wenlong , Zhang Xingwen , Ren Hongyu , Hu Xingcheng , Li Jie , Liu Hui
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to use biomass silicon resources in rice straw to synthesize high value-added organosilicon products to solve the problem of low utilization of rice straw and high pollution and energy consumption in the silicon chemical industry. In this work, spirocyclic alkoxysilane was successfully synthesized by an environmentally friendly method from rice straw ash for the first time. The spirocyclic alkoxysilane yield per gram of rice straw ash can reach up to 1.9 g. Spirocyclic alkoxysilane was used to modify silicone resin coating. This coating can withstand 150 applications of friction and still maintain good hydrophobic effect. The maximum water contact angle after friction can reach 104°. This study broadens the application of rice straw. Furthermore, this research lays the foundation for the improvement of energy-saving and emission reduction process of silicon chemical industry.
HIDROGEOLOGI RENCANA KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN DAN PENGOLAHAN BIJIH EMAS DI KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH. PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Pratiwi Ira Mughni , Anafiati Ika Arsi , Fridtriyanda Asri
Published: August 2022

Kajian hidrogeologi merupakan bagian dari aspek teknis untuk menentukan kelayakan suatu kegiatan penambangan, kajian hidrogeologi berfokus pada air tanah. Pemahaman hidrogeologi ini akan menjadi masukan untuk pengambilan keputusan tentang pengelolaan air tambang dan dewatering. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengkaji aspek hidrogeologi rencana kegiatan penambangan dan pengolahan bijih emas DMP melalui kegiatan lapangan pengeboran dan pengecekan sumber air tanah (mata air). Lokasi penelitian berada di area rencana kegiatan penambangan dan pengolahan bijih emas di Kecamatan Linge, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah, Provinsi Aceh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Persebaran litologi yang ada di lokasi kajian, membentuk sistem akuifer tertekan dan debit air tanah tidak cukup besar. Berdasarkan hasil sebaran pemboran pada zona mineralisasi dapat diindikasikan bahwa seluruh lubang bor tidak melewati muka air tanah. Manifestasi air tanah yang dijumpai berupa rembesan mata air dan creek. Kajian tentang model neraca air di lokasi studi penting untuk dilakukan dengan beberapa alasan berikut ini untuk mengetahui dan memperkirakan kapasitas, jumlah dan proporsi masing-masing komponen di dalam model neraca air sebagai gambaran tentang kondisi awal tata atau sistem air di lokasi studi, untuk mengetahui daya dukung lingkungan tata air, untuk mengetahui dan memperkirakan respons tata air akibat adanya kegiatan penambangan dengan beberapa obyek yang mempengaruhi tata air.
Test-to-Stay After SARS-CoV-2 Exposure: A Mitigation Strategy for Optionally Masked K-12 Schools
Authors: Campbell Melissa M. , Benjamin Daniel K. , Mann Tara K. , Fist Alex , Blakemore Ashley , Diaz Kylee S. , Kim Hwasoon , Edwards Laura J. , Rak Zsolt , Brookhart M. Alan , Moore Zack , Tilson Elizabeth Cuervo , Kalu Ibukun , Boutzoukas Angelique E. , Moorthy Ganga S. , Uthappa Diya , Scott Zeni , Weber David J. , Shane Andi L. , Bryant Kristina A. , Zimmerman Kanecia O.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES

We evaluated the impact of a test-to-stay (TTS) program on within-school transmission and missed school days in optionally masked kindergarten through 12th grade schools during a period of high community severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission.

METHODS

Close contacts of those with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection were eligible for enrollment in the TTS program if exposure to a nonhousehold contact occurred between November 11, 2021 and January 28, 2022. Consented participants avoided school exclusion if they remained asymptomatic and rapid antigen testing at prespecified intervals remained negative. Primary outcomes included within-school tertiary attack rate (test positivity among close contacts of positive TTS participants) and school days saved among TTS participants. We estimated the number of additional school-acquired cases resulting from TTS and eliminating school exclusion.

RESULTS

A total of 1675 participants tested positive or received at least 1 negative test between days 5 and 7 and completed follow-up; 92% were students and 91% were exposed to an unmasked primary case. We identified 201 positive cases. We observed a tertiary attack rate of 10% (95% confidence interval: 6%–19%), and 7272 (89%) of potentially missed days were saved through TTS implementation. We estimated 1 additional school-acquired case for every 21 TTS participants remaining in school buildings during the entire study period.

CONCLUSIONS

Even in the setting of high community transmission, a TTS strategy resulted in substantial reduction in missed school days in optionally masked schools.