bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of dental students’ feedbacks on clinical education practices during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: AKÇİÇEK Gökçen , ÖZBEK Şevket Murat , ZENGİN Hatice Yağmur
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on dental education and investigate the dental students’ contentment and comment about the oral diagnosis and dentomaxillofacial radiology (ODR) clinical courses after the reopening.

Materials and Methods: All fourth grade-year and fifth grade-year dental students who completed their ODR clinical skill training course were invited to fill out an online questionnaire.

Results: Seventy-nine students responded the survey, 34 (43%) of students have satisfied with post-pandemic clinical courses and there was a statistically significant relation between the satisfaction and supporting by teaching staff (p=0.001). Students stated that number of clinical works were inadequate and there was a statistically significant relation between the number of patients examined and having adequate skill at patient examination and treatment planning (p=0.001). 33 (41.8%) dental students found online clinical courses satisfactory but 69 (87.3%) students preferred clinical skill training courses instead of online.

Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic dental schools must plan their clinical courses and make arrangements to allow the students to care as many as patients possible and education staff should be in close contact with students at each step of the clinical courses.
Review Revision Techniques Tools for Undergraduate Business Students within the Framework of Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
Authors: Shaaban Safaa A. M. , Rabie Rehab G.
Published: November 2022

Exams, writing, business, and management studies are all included in a comprehensive description of the revision. Consequently, depending on the context in which it is used, the definition of "revision" shifts and adapts. But there is one thing that all of these definitions have in common: the act of reading something again after it has already been written, studied, or performed in order to either commit it to memory, modify it, or improve it. The next teaching revision tools that are described below will primarily concentrate on revision in relation to studying and exam preparation, but they will also briefly touch upon the various definitions that revision may have depending on its intended application. Revision is the process of looking over material that has already been studied or learned. It involves reading the material again, going over course materials again, and reviewing. Students could do this purely out of interest (for the love of learning), but more frequently, they revise to prepare for a test. For this reason, it's often referred to as exam revision. Exam revision is a phrase that students might infer its meaning. Exam revision is the process of updating or revisiting students' course information so that they can succeed on their exams when they take them. Exam revision is a great method to bring together everything pupils have learned about a certain subject over the course of a given period if you approach it the appropriate way. Revision has several advantages, some of which are directly tied to the way the word "revision" is employed, while others cut across borders. For instance, the revision will enable students to see the boundaries of their knowledge and provide them with the means to transcend them. Students can write more effectively and coherently by revising their work. Students can make sure that their thoughts are more logical and flow better. The revision will aid students in their studies by helping them recall crucial data, numbers, subjects, and approaches from prior coursework. Students will be better able to respond to test questions in exams thanks to the revision. The students feel ready. And the assurance and assurance that comes from knowing that pupils revised what they needed to would lessen test anxiety, which is a key step to performing well on an exam. The author of this paper will offer many techniques to aid students in revising before exams.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA PERPUSTAKAAN DESA BUMIROSO
Authors: Afida Citra Dewinta  , Muslim Hidayat  , Nur Hasanah  , Danang Mahendra
Published: November 2022

Perpustakaan merupakan lembaga atau badan yang mengelola buku-buku atau bahan pustaka lainnya. Perpustakaan tidak hanya berada di provinsi ataupun di kota/kabupaten tetapi di desa pun sudah ada perpustakaan, Perpustakaan Wijaya Kusuma Desa Bumiroso merupakan salah satu perpustakaan yang berada di desa. Perpustakaan ini ada agar bisa membangun minat literasi masyarakat sekitar tidak hilang. Perpustakaan desa ini seperti perpustakaan lainnya, namun sistem pengelolaan data dalam perpustakaan ini masih bersifat manual sehingga dibangunlah sistem informasi yaitu “Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Berbasis Website Pada Perpustakaan Desa Bumiroso” yang berguna untuk membantu pustakawan dalam mengelola data perpustakaan dan juga meminimalisir kesalahan dalam mengelola data. Sistem website ini diperuntukkan untuk pustakawan sebagai administrator dimana pustakawan memiliki peran penting dalam sistem perpustakaan ini.
ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยแรงจูงใจทางสุขภาพ อิทธิพลของบุคคล และการรับรู้โรค โควิด-19 ต่อการป่วยด้วยโรคโควิด-19 ในพื้นที่การเฝ้าระวัง ของประชาชน จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช
Authors: จันทร์วิน บุญประจักษ์
Published: November 2022

การศึกษาภาคตัดขวางนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษา 1) ระดับปัจจัยแรงจูงใจทางสุขภาพ อิทธิพลของบุคคล และการรับรู้โรคโควิด-19 และ 2) ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยแรงจูงใจทางสุขภาพ อิทธิพลของบุคคล และการรับรู้โรคโควิด-19 ต่อการป่วยด้วยโรคโควิด-19 ในพื้นที่การเฝ้าระวัง กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ประชาชนที่มีอายุ 18 ปีขึ้นไป จำนวน 2,378 คน สุ่มกลุ่มตัวอย่างแบบหลายขั้นตอน เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลด้วยแบบสอบถามที่ผ่านผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิและมีค่าความเที่ยงเท่ากับ 0.90 วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติเชิงพรรณนา และ Multinomial logistic regression ผลการวิจัย พบว่า ระดับปัจจัยแรงจูงใจทางสุขภาพ อิทธิพลของบุคคล และการรับรู้อยู่ในระดับปานกลาง (50.63, 51.81, และ 70.02%) ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ต่อการป่วยด้วยโรคโควิด-19 ในกลุ่มอำเภอควบคุมเข้มงวด คือ ปัจจัยอิทธิพลของบุคคลระดับปานกลางและสูง (AOR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.16-0.61; 0.20, 0.10-0.40) การรับรู้โอกาสเสี่ยงของการเกิดโรคระดับปานกลางและสูง (2.00, 1.44-2.77; 2.62, 1.79-3.84) และการรับรู้อุปสรรคในการป้องกันโรคระดับปานกลาง (1.46, 1.10-1.95) ส่วนกลุ่มอำเภอควบคุม คือ ปัจจัยอิทธิพลของบุคคลระดับปานกลางและสูง (0.39, 0.20-0.76; 0.28, 0.14-0.58) การรับรู้อุปสรรคในการป้องกันโรคระดับปานกลาง (1.34, 1.02-1.77) ดังนั้น ควรประชาสัมพันธ์ให้ความรู้แก่ประชาชน เน้นการรับรู้ความเสี่ยงของโรค สนับสนุนวัสดุอุปกรณ์จากองค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น และการมีส่วนร่วมของชุมชนในการกำหนดมาตรการป้องกันโรค
ประสิทธิผลของชาที่มีส่วนผสมของกัญชาต่อการนอนไม่หลับ
Authors: ศรีธาตุ ดุษฎี , ทองกระสี พงศธร
Published: November 2022

กัญชาเป็นสมุนไพรทางการแพทย์ ซึ่งปัจจุบันประชาชนมีแนวโน้มการนำมาใช้เพื่อสุขภาพมากยิ่งขึ้น การวิจัยกึ่งทดลองครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาประสิทธิผลของการดื่มชาที่มีส่วนผสมของกัญชาต่อการนอนไม่หลับในประชาชนจังหวัดสกลนคร กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ผู้ที่มีอายุ 20-59 ปี มีภาวะ การนอนไม่หลับ หลับไม่สนิท รู้สึกตัวตื่นขึ้นกลางดึก หรือหลับลำบาก ใช้เวลานานกว่า 20 นาทีจึงหลับเป็นประจำในช่วง 1 เดือนที่ผ่านมา จำนวน 30 คน กลุ่มตัวอย่างได้รับชาที่มีส่วนผสมของกัญชาร้อยละ 3 (กลุ่มที่ 1), ร้อยละ 5 (กลุ่มที่ 2) และ ร้อยละ 7 (กลุ่มที่ 3) เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล ด้วยแบบสอบถามคุณภาพการนอนหลับของพิทส์เบิร์ก วิเคราะห์ข้อมูล โดยใช้สถิติ Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test และ Kruskal Wallis H Test ผลการศึกษา พบว่าภายหลังการดื่มชาที่มีส่วนผสมของกัญชาก่อนเข้านอน 30 นาที เป็นเวลา 1 สัปดาห์ เมื่อเปรียบเทียบคุณภาพการนอนหลับระหว่างกลุ่มที่ 1, 2 และ 3 ก่อนการทดลองไม่แตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<0.05) หลังการทดลองแตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<0.05) เมื่อเปรียบเทียบก่อนและหลังการทดลองภายในกลุ่มที่ 1 มีคุณภาพการนอนหลับก่อนและหลังการทดลองไม่แตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<0.05) ส่วนกลุ่มที่ 2 และ 3 มีคุณภาพการนอนหลับก่อนและหลังการทดลองแตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<0.05) จากผลการศึกษาดังกล่าวแสดงให้เห็นว่าการดื่มชาที่มีส่วนผสมของกัญชา 5 % และ 7 % ช่วยเพิ่มคุณภาพการนอนหลับที่ดีขึ้น ซึ่งเป็นทางเลือกในการดูแลสุขภาพสำหรับผู้ที่มีภาวะการนอนไม่หลับต่อไป
Trementinaires
Authors: Garrido Elisa
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a case study on the links between natural history, female agency and self-care strategies in relation to the legacy of a female collective known as the trementinaires. The trementinaires were a group of female workers who traveled around the High Pyrenees, collecting plants and selling herbal medicines they made themselves. Their name derived from the word trementina (turpentine) since they were particularly recognized for their work as makers of turpentine. They were popularly known from the nineteenth century onward for their trustworthy knowledge of local medicinal herbs and their properties, as well as where to find them and when to collect them. Their story is linked to the valley in which they lived and the different gender roles developed through a social situation in which women led the economic support of the family. To subsist, these women developed their knowledge of herbs, local plants and products, improving the tools through which they gained a specialized collection of conservation techniques and recipes that they could use and transmit from grandmothers to mothers and daughters. This paper reflects on their relevance today and demonstrates how they challenged the traditional family roles based on a gendered knowledge of the environment and its resources.
剖析“哥德巴赫猜想”
Authors:   贵州省务川县实验学校, 王 若仲
Published: November 2022

对于“哥德巴赫猜想”，我们现在探讨一种简明的证明方法，即要证明任一不小于6的偶数均存在有“奇素数+奇素数”的情形，因为偶数2m=1+2m-1=2+2m-2=3+2m-3=…=2m-3+3=2m-2+2=2m-1+1=2m+0，m≥3；那么就可以通过埃拉托斯特尼筛法，整理归纳奇合数的情形，建立筛选数学模型，如下示意（上面/下面）： 1 p0 p1 4 p2 p3 … … pt … … 2m-2 2m-1 2m / 2m-1 2m-2 … … pt … … p3 p2 4 p1 p0 1 0。在其中筛出下列情形：(1)在上面筛出所有偶数+图中的下面对应的偶数等于2m的情形；(2)在上面筛出所有的奇合数+图中的下面对应的奇数=2m的情形；(3)在下面筛出所有的奇合数+图中的上面对应的奇数=2m的情形；(4)再筛出1+2m-1和2m-1+1这两组。通过上述筛出程序后，若上图中至少还剩下一组，那么这一组必定是“奇素数+奇素数=2m”的情形。对于筛选数学模型，在筛选数学模型上按照埃拉托斯特尼筛法，不管偶数2m如何变化，利用奇合数的情形可以归纳出一定的筛出规律，根据筛出规律，在数学归纳法中又再用数学归纳法的方法来间接证明“哥德巴赫猜想”。
A Study on Evolution Game of Accounts Receivable Pledge Financing in Supply Chain Finance Model
Authors: Xia Yiyu
Published: November 2022

In practice, due to information asymmetry and the bounded rationality of game participants, most of the actions taken by game participants are irrational. The evolutionary game theory is based on bounded rationality and looks at the adjustment process of group behavior through the perspective of system theory. Therefore, this paper will use the idea of evolutionary game to discuss the issue of SMEs' accounts receivable pledge financing under the supply chain finance model. This paper builds the model on the basis that both sides of the game are bounded rationality. In real life, the behavior of individuals tends to be more bounded rationality. By constructing an evolutionary game model under bounded rationality, we can see that the final evolution result between banks and loan companies is related to many factors. From the phase diagram of the evolutionary game, it can be seen that the area on both sides of the dotted line of the phase diagram is mainly determined by the profit matrix, but the direction of the final evolution is mainly determined by the initial state of the game.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 14, No. 11
Authors: Zhang Michael
Published: November 2022

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 14, No. 11
Health Aspects of Modern Wireless Technology
Authors: Shterev Yordan
Published: November 2022

The article is presented the influence of today's wireless technology on the human body health. The electromagnetic field interactions of the wireless technologies on the human organs and the related health problems have been revealed.
Model of a Stereoscopic System for Stereometry Training in Middle and Upper Course
Authors: Lebamovski Penio
Published: November 2022

The article presents a model of a stereoscopic system for teaching middle and high school students in the discipline of stereometry. The system consists of five modules: interface, stereoscopic visualization, stereometry, learning module and module for testing students' knowledge. The proposed system allows students to construct, observe and manipulate geometric shapes in space. This system can become a powerful tool in teaching the discipline of stereometry.
GDPR - General Data Protection Regulation on Sites Requiring Accessibility
Authors: Todorova-Ekmekci Mirena
Published: November 2022

The paper describes what GDPR - General Data Protection Regulation is and why it matters for business, institutions and other legal entities, who need to collect personal data in order to provide and deliver services or products. They have to apply and describe to consumers’ principles and general rules to protect their data. Rules include reasons why personal data collection is necessary, transparency how and by who it will be used and stored and for how long, as well as safety measures to not be used by other third parties or for other purposes unless the consumer clearly agreed. The paper explores the necessity and awareness to provide personal data to sites, how people provide it, what rights and options there are to protect it and why. Online users and clients are now more aware and receiving information on how their personal data is used by sites and service providers online. Research results on how much people want and fear to share their personal data are also presented. The paper presents in detail GDPR rules, requirements and rights and practiced, as well as what is personal data and sensitive personal data and the different ways to process and protect it. The research also focuses on special personal data provided by people with disabilities in order to have accessibility on sites and use certain services. In the end, recommendations for sites with accessibility are presented, following GDPR protection requirements.
Impact of Online Teaching on Motivation to Learn
Authors: Dimitrova Diana , Bogdanova Galina
Published: November 2022

The Covid 19 pandemic has changed all spheres of both private and public life. It has not spared education either. Varna Medical University quickly reorganised and mobilised new technological and human resources. The present survey examines how online teaching during pandemic affects students’ motivation to study and learn. The theoretical formulation is based on the idea of the students’ social learning and typologization, depending on their expectations of the training process. An inquiry card was set up, and a survey of forty nurse and midwifery students at the Veliko Tarnovo Subsidiary of Varna Medical University was conducted. The snapshot reveals that online training is a challenge to the students and requires a new attitude and skills to structure time.
Explanation of the Meaning of Article 1 Paragraphs (2) of the 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia to the Concept of the Constitutional Conventions in the Annual Achievement Reports of State Institutions
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Indonesia, Sodikin Sodikin
Published: November 2022

Amendments to Article 1 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution have changed the Indonesian state administration system, including the power and position of state institutions. This change is a new thought towards state institutions that place the People’s Consultative Assembly which was originally the highest state institution and fully implementer of people’s sovereignty. Furthermore, the people’s mandate is carried out by branches of state power or state institutions based on the Constitution and does not recognize the Supreme State Institution and all state institutions have the same position in the state administration system as executor of people’s sovereignty. This study is to find and formulate legal arguments through an analysis of the subject matter, namely the concept of constitutional conventions. The results of this study explain that Article 1 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution which has been amended gives meaning to the Indonesian state administration system, namely that it has changed the existence of state institutions as implementers of people’s sovereignty. The meaning of Article 1 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution is extended to the customary practice of state administration. Because all state institutions are executor of people’s sovereignty, all these state institutions submit annual performance reports to the people through the convention mechanism.
Pengaruh Insentif Eksekutif dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Tax Avoidance Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Aneka Industri yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2017-2020
Authors: Nabila  , Ramdani Edon
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji Pengaruh Insentif Eksekutif dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Tax Avoidance. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor aneka industri yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2017-2020. Pengambilan sampel di dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan sampel sebanyak 29 perusahaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji asumsi klasik yaitu uji normalitas, uji multikolinieritas, uji autokorelasi, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa : Insentif Eksekutif berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Tax Avoidance yang dibuktikan dengan thitung < ttabel (1,407163 < 1,65845) dan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,0182, Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Tax Avoidance yang dibuktikan dengan thitung < ttabel (-0,854259 < 1,65845) dan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,0354.
Digital media and storytelling in higher education
Authors: Lanszki Anita
Published: November 2022

Anita Lanszki's book is about storytelling in the digital media environment. The enterprise is both classical in that it explores the nature of storytelling, which is found in all historical periods and human communities, and modern in that it undertakes a broad overview of contemporary digital culture from the perspective of storytelling. The book is also a methodological guide, illustrated with numerous examples, which has emerged organically from the author's many years of teaching experience. Although the title reflects a focus on the use of digital storytelling in various fields of higher education and research, this excellent work can also be used by professionals working in other spheres of education. Whatever our views on the digital space and age may be, we can probably all agree that we are witnessing a democratization of storytelling in our time. The insights in this book are therefore extremely useful for anyone who is interested in how the timeless practice of storytelling is adapting to the new media environment.
Ultrasonographic features of malignant catarrhal fever induced corneal oedema in cattle
Authors: ATHAR HAKIM , PARRAH JALAL UD DIN , KASHOO ZAHID AMIN , WANI SHAKIL AHMAD , MALIK HAMIDULLAH , MOULVI BASHIR AHMAD , MAKHDOOMI DIL MOHAMMED , DAR MEHRAJ U DIN
Published: November 2022

The study was aimed to record the ocular ultrasonographic changes in the confirmed clinical cases of MCF. The cases were confirmed using hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Ocular ultrasonography was performed using a 10â€“18 MHz linear transducer (My Lab 40 Vet). Clinical signs observed were corneal oedema, lacrimation, photophobia, corneal oedema and hyperaemia of conjunctiva. In two animals, mild corneal oedema was observed while in four animals each, moderate and severe corneal oedema was recorded. In all the animals, corneal oedema initially appeared at the limbus with subsequent involvement of the entire cornea with varying degree of severity. Hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction was used for confirming the diagnosis. Ocular ultrasonographic examination revealed significant increase in the thickness of the cornea, iris and ciliary body. Anterior uveitis, characterized by thickened iris, exhibiting crust and trough formation covering the major part of the anterior surface of the lens was recorded in nine animals. There was no recovery in any of the case and the animals died within one month of the diagnosis of the MCF. Significant ultrasonographic changes were evident in eyes of animals affected with the malignant catarrhal fever. Ultrasonography may therefore be used for monitoring the ocular changes especially in the anterior segment of the opaque eyes.
Seminal attributes of Vechur bulls (Bos indicus), the smallest humped dairy cattle
Authors: S SUDHEER , ROSE DEEPTHI S S , J ANOOP
Published: November 2022

The study was undertaken at Mattupatti semen station to objectively evaluate the seminal attributes of frozenthawed semen of Vechur bulls, the smallest humped dairy cattle in the world, using the computer assisted semen analyzer (CASA) and Flow cytometer. The mean motility and progressive motility of the frozen-thawed semenestimated via CASA was 77.25±9.56 and 64.0±4.21% respectively. Mean values obtained for the sperm kinetic parameters like path velocity (VAP), progressive velocity (VSL), track speed (VCL), lateral head amplitude (ALH),beat cross frequency (BCF), straightness (STR) and linearity (LIN) were 82.56±12.12, 76.22±10.38, 107.77±21.42, 4.39±0.91, 20.87±3.81, 92.37±3.25 and 72.87±6.64% respectively. Flow cytometry analysis of the functional sperm parameters like sperm viability, live sperms with intact acrosome, sperms with normal mitochondrial membranepotential (MMP) and sperms with altered DNA were 81.67±4.55, 76.16±9.76, 82.40±5.61 and 11.75±0.3% respectively. The mean value of the HOS reactive sperms was 71.81±5.71%. Mean values for the length and width of the sperm head, length of mid-piece, tail and overall sperm length measured by computer image analysis was 8.99±0.36, 5.07±0.23, 14.21±0.35, 45.12±1.53 and 68.32±1.41 μm respectively. Study concluded that seminal attributes of Vechur bulls could be estimated with CASA and Flow cytometer and the parameters were comparable to other indigenous, crossbreds and exotic dairy cattle.
Pregnancy outcomes in thoroughbred mares inseminated with fresh semen from either stallion or jack at foal heat or subsequent estrus
Authors: TALLURI T R , SINGH CHANDAN , PRAKASH VED
Published: November 2022

The current study investigated the effect of different mating (stallion vs jack) and breeding patterns (foal heat vs subsequent estrus) on the outcome of conception and foaling rates in thoroughbred mares. A retrospective study on the reproductive performance of 6,040 artificially inseminated thoroughbred mares during seven consecutive breeding seasons (2010-2017) has been taken into consideration for the current study. Mares were inseminated with fresh semen obtained from eight of each fertile horse stallions (Thoroughbred) and jacks (Poitou breed). The pregnancy status was examined at 30 (P30), 60 (P60) and 90 (P90) days post breeding and pregnancy rate was calculated as number of mares pregnant at 30, 60 and 90 day post-mating, out of total mares mated. Pregnancy Rates (PR) of mares inseminated at the foal heat were higher, but non-significantly different from PR of the subsequent estrus mares which did not become pregnant after artificial insemination (AI) at foal heat and inseminated again at the subsequent estrous cycle. There was also a significant difference in the PR and Fertility rate (FR) in mares inseminated either with stallion semen or with jack semen to produce horse and mule foals respectively. From the data on mares mated with horse stallion semen, higher PR as well as FR was found in comparison to the mares that were inseminated with jack semen. In conclusion, the present study found a significant effect of breeding pattern and mating pattern affecting both PR and FR in thoroughbred mares.
Evaluation of stocking density for pond aquaculture with special reference to survival and production in Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu
Authors: SHARMA PAWAN KUMAR , KUMAR J STEPHEN SAMPATH , MANIKANDAVELU D
Published: November 2022

The present study was conducted to optimize the stocking density for pond fish culture. For this purpose, two different stoking densities, i.e. 18000 (T1) and 7600 per hectare (T2) were tested using earthen ponds of 0.25 ha size. Both ponds were stocked uniformly with 4 carp species, viz. Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, and Cyprinus carpio in equal proportions and fed on commercial pellet feed (20% crude protein). The estimated gross production was found higher in pond T2 (4166 kg/ha) than that of T1 (4000 kg/ha). The T2 pond showed a net estimated additional yield of 187.76 kg/ha, which was 4.74% higher than that of T1 pond. A higher survival rate was observed in T2 (59.17%) than that of T1 (27.68%), which was statically significant. Further, the ADG (average daily growth) rate of fishes in T2 was 0.70 kg/ha/day higher than that of T1. The study revealed that there is an inverse relation between the stocking density of fishes and production rate. Considering the growth/production rate and survival in present study, a seed stocking density of 7600 per ha is recommended for farm pond aquaculture.
Phytosociological studies on weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the middle Indo-Gangetic plains
Authors: KUMAR SANJEEV , MISHRA J S , SHIVANI SHIVANI
Published: November 2022

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the second most important food crop of India next to rice but wheat fields are generally infested with a large number of weeds. Due to their highly competitive ability and allelopathic interference, weeds cause irreversible damage to the crop. The weed inventory surveys and phytosociological studies in wheat fields were conducted in Patna district of Bihar during 2016â€“18 to identify the weed flora composition, density, frequency and Importance Value Index of 30 major weed species in wheat. In this study, Asteraceae was found as the largest family in respect of weed species, whereas Poaceae and Leguminosae jointly occupied the second position in terms of number of weed species. Phytosociological studies further revealed that Phalaris minor (6.21) and Cynodon dactylon (5.32) have larger relative frequency among other weed species while Chenopodium album and Avena fatua have larger relative abundance in the study area. Studies on relative density of weeds revealed that densities of Phalaris minor (7.06) and Chenopodium album (5.39) were higher over other weed species and similar trends were also observed in respect of Importance Value Index of weeds. The study will be helpful in planning of weed management strategies in wheat crop in the respective area through which the losses in wheat yield could be minimized.
Forecasting the competencies for extensionists in changing agricultural scenario in India
Authors: ROHIT JAGRITI , SINGH PREMLATA , SATYAPRIYA SATYAPRIYA , SINGH K N , SANGEETHA V
Published: November 2022

Agriculture sector is witnessing a change both at the local and global level, requiring competent human resources in the extension services to fulfill the needs of the farmers. In view of this, the present study was undertaken to forecast the competencies required by the Extensionists in changing agricultural scenario. The study also sought to identify the ways in which these competencies can be acquired. Delphi technique was used to forecast the competencies. Delphi was carried out during December, 2015 to March 2016 at Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Research Institute, New Delhi. Online google forms were used for sending questionnaire and collecting data from the experts identified from the field of agricultural extension. Total 26 competencies were identified by a panel of 23 experts and categorized into the following four constructs: Knowledge, Skill, Professionalism, and Communication. The study also identified the 15 ways for acquiring these competencies. The findings will assist the policy makers, academicians and extension organizations to formulate suitable strategies to make the Extensionists future ready.
Response of novel insecticides in enhancing the productivity of lac on Flemingia semialata
Authors: JAISWAL A K , SINGH J P
Published: November 2022

The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of some selected new insecticides in enhancing the lac productivity by containing the incidence of lac insect predators on Flemingia semialata during 2014-15, 2015- 16 and 2016-17 at the Research Farm of ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Application of emamectin benzoate on kusmi-winter lac crop showed 4.57-157.14, 27.28- 322.73 and 69.56- 339.12% increase in sticklac yield for one, two and three sprays, respectively, at different concentrations. Two spray of emamectin benzoate (25-30 and 38-40 days of inoculation) at 0.0025% caused 322.73% increase in sticklac yield over control. Similarly, application of chlorantraniliprole increased the yield to the tune of 5.56-61.33, 10.76-248.10 and 22.0-333.33%, respectively, for one, two and three sprays (25-30, 38-40 and 60-65 days of inoculation). Three sprays of 0.01% chlorantraniliprole results 333.33% increase in yield over control. The visible impact of novaluron on sticklac yield is not manifested. Earlier these insecticides have been evaluated for their response on population of lac associated insect fauna but this is first evaluation study for assessing their impact on sticklac productivity.
Land structure and level of fragmentation in typical small-marginal agricultural holdings in India
Authors: ROY SNEHA , SINGH ASHOK KUMAR , BERA SAMIR KUMAR , BHATTACHARYA SHRADDHA
Published: November 2022

Farming in the Indian subcontinent is essentially small and marginal. With time, land size is fast declining and farmers are under pressure of generating more and more surplus under extreme resource competition. Land fragmentation has also increased severely in recent times, which might pose a threat to sustainability and food security soon by making agriculture unprofitable. The present study aims to portray the dismal condition of the land structure and level of land fragmentation of 141 small-marginal farming households in one of the most fertile agro-ecological villages of West Bengal in India, Rautari village in Chakdah block situated in Nadia district. Present investigation was conducted through well-structured field studies during 2016–17. The study reveals the existence of very traditional patriarchal land ownership patterns, and lack of women’s inclusion from property ownership rights. Farmlands are extremely fragmented with a high value of Simpson Index. Moreover, farmers with high technical efficiency fragment it even more to accommodate a greater number of crops in one growing season. A positive relation between farm area and production is derived from field data. Based on the prevailing situation, indicated by results, the study designed a comprehensive community and land resources utilization plan for the development of the community in the study area. The proposed comprehensive community and land resources utilization plan is a structured tool for extension services which will strengthen the capacity building programs for small-marginal farmers.
Bio-efficacy of herbicide combinations for control of weeds in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: BHATT P SPANDANA , YAKADRI M , MADHAVI M , SRIDEVI S , RANI P LEELA
Published: November 2022

The present study during kharif 2013-14 at Professor Jayashankar State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Telangana to study the efficiency of herbicide combinations for controlling weeds in rice. The study comprised 14 treatments in Randomized block design replicated thrice. During both years of investigation the higher weed control efficiency and herbicide efficiency index was noticed with hand weeding twice at 25 and 45 DAT, pyrazosulfuron ethyl 20 g/ha as PE at 3 DAT followed by manual weeding at 25 DAT and pretilachlor 750 g/ha as PE at 3 DAT followed by metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl 4 g/ha as PoE at 25 DAT. Significantly higher grain yield and gross returns were noticed with hand weeding twice at 25 and 45 DAT and was comparable with pyrazosulfuron ethyl 20 g/ha as PE at 3 DAT followed by manual weeding at 25 DAT, pretilachlor 750 g/ha as PE at 3 DAT followed metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl 4 g/ha as PoE at 25 DAT and bispyribac sodium 20 g/ha + metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl 4 g/ha as PoE at 25 DAT. However, pyrazosulfuron ethyl 20 g/ha as pre emergence at 3 DAT followed by manual weeding at 25 DAT noticed higher net returns and B:C ratio.
Effect of soilless media on nutrient uptake and yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Spehia Ranjit Singh , Singh Shailesh Kumar , Devi Meera , Chauhan Nirmla , Singh Sukhpreet , Sharma Deepak , Sharma Jagjeet Chand
Published: November 2022

Soilless culture provides an alternative to soil culture when serious soil problems (i.e. soil borne pests, soil salinity, chemical residues in soil, lack of fertile soil) create difficulties in traditional soil-based production. Soilless culture includes growing media, like cocopeat, vermiculite, perlite etc. or hydroponics system. The study was conducted during 2016 and 2017 to standardize growing media for soilless tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production at Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. The treatments consisted of different growing media, viz. cocopeat alone (control), cocopeat + vermicompost (70:30) and vermiculite + vermicompost (70:30). Plants were irrigated and fertigated with equal amount of Hoagland nutrient solution for meeting nutrient requirement. Treatment containing cocopeat + vermicompost (70:30) increased the nutrient uptake of N , P and K which was evident by the increased yield vis-à-vis control, i.e. cocopeat, alone. The results indicate that growing media consisting of cocopeat + vermicompost (70:30) enhances the quality and yield of tomato over the generally preferred growing media i.e. cocopeat, alone. The findings of the study will be helpful for the growers for enhancing the quality and yield of tomato under protected conditions to escape the problems faced in soil-based production system.
Response of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) hybrids for grain yield in diverse environments
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Kaul Jyoti , Kaur Ya shmeet , Das A K , Singode Avinash , Choudhary Mukesh , Dubey R B , Sravani D , Mukri G , Rakshit S
Published: November 2022

Genotype (G) × environment (E) interaction is very important for the evaluation of cultivars in breeding programmes. Present study was conducted to assess the effect of environment and yield stability of 68 quality protein maize (QPM) hybrids at three test environments [Begusarai (E1), Udaipur (E2) and Karim Nagar (E3)] in randomized block design (RBD). Data was analysed using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype main effects and genotype by environment (GGE) biplot methods. The variation in genotypes, environments and genotype × environment interactions (G×E) was highly significant. Maximum variation was explained by G×E interactions (53.84%) and least by differences in environmental conditions (2.36%). Genotype × environment interaction was main source of variation followed by genotypes and environments. Together the two AMMI principal coordinates axes (PCA) explained 100% of phenotypic variation. AMMI Stability value (ASV) was calculated using ASV scores. Among these QPM hybrids, G59 was found to be the most stable with ASV of 0.174. The GGE biplot explained 77.41% of the total variation relative to G and GEI. Superior cross combinations for specific locations were also identified, viz. DQL2053 ×CML161, DQL2028 × CML161, DQL2047 × CML165, DQL2037 × CML161, DQL2042 × CLQRCY40, DQL2032 × CML165, DQL2047 × CML165 and DQL2072 ×CLQRCY40 in E1, DQL2063 × CML161, DQL2057 × CML161, DQL2053 × CML165, DQL2080 × CLQRCY40 and DQL2065 × CLQRCY40 in E2 and DQL2063 × CML161, DQL2039 × CML165, DQL2140 × CML161, DQL2082 × CLQRCY40 and DQL2024 × CML165 in E3.
Productivity improvement of low lying area with litchi (Litchi chinensis) based integrated system
Authors: PATEL R K , SRIVASTAVA KULDEEP , PANDEY S D , KUMAR AMRENDRA , PURBEY S K , NATH VISHAL
Published: November 2022

The present study was carried out at ICAR-National Research Centre on Litchi, Muzaffarpur during 2014-2017 for sustained productivity, profitability, employment generation and soil health. Four different models comprised of rain water harvesting, fish culture, and intercropping of annual and vegetable crops with litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) + banana and litchi+papaya in different combinations on pond dykes. Rain water accumulated in the ponds during rainy season with the storage capacity (7.29 million litre water) varied from of 1.62-2.16 million litre of water per pond. Among different models, model 1 recorded the highest total system productivity in terms of LEY (25.49 t/ ha), production efficiency (140.67 kg/ha/day), net return (₹ 159950/ha) and system economic efficiency (438.23 ₹/ ha/day). Sustainable value index (SVI) among the models varied due to different component and expressed 2 to 3 time’s higher value than existing system. Model 1 recorded highest SVI (0.78) and existing model (0.25) recorded lowest. Relative production and economic efficiency of the different models were also computed over the crop based existing system and value ranged from 521.72 and 67.64 in model 4 to 529.38 and 116.15 in model 1, respectively. Integration of fish, fruits, vegetable and crop component in the system showed greater employment opportunity and it was almost double than the crop based existing system. The highest employment generation was observed in model 1 (331 man-days/ha/year) as compared to existing system (150 man-days/ha/year). Marked improvement in soil health status (pH, EC, soil organic carbon and NPK) was observed as compared to initial soil status after three years of study.
Effect of edible coatings on quality of blueberry fruits under supermarket storage conditions
Authors: TOTAD MONIKA G , SHARMA R R , SETHI SHRUTI , VERMA M K
Published: November 2022

Blueberry is a nutrient-rich fruit having very high antioxidant activity due to anthocyanin and phenolic compounds. However, its shelf-life is 7-8 days at ambient conditions. Thus, there is an urgent need for extending its shelf-life and availability. In order to increase blueberries shelf-life the most economic and environment friendly technique such as edible coatings stand first. In the present experiment, four edible coatings were used to evaluate their effects on shelf-life and nutrient status of blueberries. Edible coatings such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC 1%), xanthan gum (0.3%), guar gum (0.75%) and gum Arabic (10%) were coated on the Misty blueberry fruits and then packed in punnet boxes and stored at supermarket condition (18°C and 85-90% RH). During storage, different physical and quality parameters were observed up to 18 days. Our results revealed that, all the coatings were effective in extending storage-life of coated blueberry fruits. Among the coatings, the CMC-coated Misty blueberry fruits exhibited highest score for fruit firmness (2.53 N), total soluble solids (17.52°B) and sensory evaluation score (7.79), and exhibited lowest fruit decay (1.06 %) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (3.34 μmoles/min/g FW). Therefore, it can be concluded that CMC (1%) was the most effective coating as it increased the shelf life of Misty blueberry from 9 days (noncoated fruits) to 18 days.
Pre-irrigation and seeding of wheat (Triticum aestivum) after clusterbean on yield, water productivity and soil properties
Authors: SINGH Y P
Published: November 2022

On farm research was conducted during winter (rabi) of 2014-17 to study the effect of dry seeding (DS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for early establishment after harvest of clusterbean and irrigation for germination compared with conventional practice of pre-irrigation (PI) for seeding in three tillage practices, viz. conventional (CT), minimum (MT), zero-till (ZT). Pooled results indicated that the seeding of wheat with ZT method in DS conditions significantly influenced the growth parameters; yield, economic benefits, energy output and water productivity (WP) over conventional practices. The grain yield of wheat was increased by 5.1-11.6% with DS and 5.0-10.7% with ZT over conventional practices, respectively. The significantly higher production cost was recorded with CT compared to ZT. Out of total production cost, higher expenditure (22.2%) on tillage and seeding with CT, whereas with MT and ZT was 11.5% and 3.7%, respectively. The significantly higher energy input and total water use (TWU) was required with CT over ZT. The additional 263 m3/ha TWU was saved and WP increased by 17.5% with DS, while 234 m3/ha TWU was saved and WP increased by 16.4% with ZT over conventional practices, respectively. After harvest of third wheat crop, organic carbon, infiltration rate, available N, P, K and Zn were significantly increased, whereas bulk density was lowest with ZT over CT. The study reveals that improved yield, economic benefits, WP, soil physicochemical properties, saved energy and resources with DS of wheat after clusterbean harvest with ZT seeding and irrigation for germination in late sown conditions.
Evaluation of Egyptian cotton cultivars
Authors: M Omar A , A Mohamed A , M S Abd EL-Aty , A El-Akhedar A , A Basyoni W
Published: November 2022

Present study was carried out to evaluate 11 cotton varieties under two locations over two growing seasons 2015 and 2016 in Egypt. The results showed that there were significant differences among environment, genotypes, and their interactions for all the studied characters. The variety Giza 94 surpassed all varieties in yield and its components shared with the variety Giza 92 for seed cotton yield. The varieties Giza 94, Giza 92 and Giza 96 recorded highest yield and yield components at Nubariya location. The varieties Giza 87, Giza 88, Giza 92, Giza 93 and Giza 96 recorded highest values at Nubariya location for most fiber characters. Principal component analysis showed that the characters which have relatively high value in the first principal component (PC1) were earliness percentage, seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll weight, lint percentage, and micronaire reading. The second principal component (PC2) was principally affected by earliness percentage, fiber length and fiber strength. At the same time, cluster analysis could efficiently describe the characteristics of group of genotypes in different groups. The eleven cotton genotypes were grouped into five major clusters. The obtained results indicated the presence of genetic diversity among the tested cotton genotypes. Genotypes from divergent clusters can be used for hybridization in order to isolate useful recombinants in the segregating generations. This information might be used in the breeding programs for improvement of Egyptian cotton.
Assessment of effectiveness of trainings conducted by ICAR
Authors: Vyas A K , Jain N K , Singh Premlata , Satyapriya Satyapriya , PauL Sudipta , H V Harish Kumar , Ray Mrinmoy , Mohapatra T
Published: November 2022

Training is essential not only to increase productivity, but also to keep workers of an organization motivated and inspired. In this study, the effectiveness of trainings conducted by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) during 2017-18 in which 901 Scientists, 506 Technical, 519 Administrative and 313 Skilled Support Staff (SSS) from 106 ICAR-Institutes across 26 States/UTs participated was assessed by HRM Unit, ICAR HQs, New Delhi during 2018-19. Study revealed that the pooled perceived training effectiveness index (PTEI) was 3.86, referring medium effectiveness of trainings. The mean PTEI score was the highest for SSS (3.94) followed by Administrative staff (3.90). Overall, most of the participants (58.83%) reported medium degree of effectiveness of the training programmes. Behavioural changes and changes in practices as a consequence of exposure to the trainings are evident from the findings. The study revealed that perceived effectiveness was significantly associated with age, gender and duration of training programmes. Some observed constraints by the trainees were inadequate infrastructure at Institutes, sometimes lesser relevancy of few topics and lack of practical exposure. The major suggestions were inclusion of more practical sessions, follow up programmes for trainee-trainer meet, and increasing the duration of the trainings in few cases. The trainings organised by ICAR should continue for all staff categories to bring about desirable changes in competencies.
Exploiting plant growth promoting Trichoderma for lentil wilt management
Authors: JAVERIA SHAILY , KUMAR ATUL , KHARKWAL AMIT C , VARMA AJIT , SHARMA PRATIBHA
Published: November 2022

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Fol) has been considered as destructive seed and soil-borne disease of lentil which causes severe yield loss every year. For its biological control, twenty isolates of Trichoderma spp. were tested against thirty Fol isolates using dual culture technique. Out of twenty Trichoderma isolates, seven isolates (5593, ThL-1, ThL-4, TaL- 2, TaL- 4, ThaL-3 and TvL-6) showed maximum percent inhibition of radial growth against pathogens between 82.4% to 78.0% as compared to the rest of Trichoderma isolates. As far as molecular identification is concerned the effective six isolates after dual culture assay and highly virulent Fol isolate were molecularly identified by using ITS primers (ITS 1 and ITS 4) and remaining one isolate was taken from ITCC which was already identified as T. harzianum (5593). Seven efficient isolates of Trichoderma were used to evaluate volatile and non- volatile assay against Fol (NFLRJ-3). Isolates, 5593 and ThL-4 showed significant growth inhibition against Fol at 48 hours of incubation in both the assays as compared to the rest Trichoderma isolates. In volatile organic compound (VOC) assay ThL-4 showed highest number of seed germination and showed good seed health condition. Out of seven selected isolates of Trichoderma, all isolates were found effective to control disease and stimulated plant growth promotion activity of lentil (2017-2019). Therefore, these isolates can be utilized to formulate bio-fungicides which is the need of the hour as far as disease management is concerned.