bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPUTERIZED COGNITIVE TESTING FOR USE IN CLINICAL TRIALS: A COMPARISON OF THE NIH TOOLBOX AND COGSTATE C3 BATTERIES
Authors: Buckley R.F. , Sparks K.P. , Papp K.V. , Dekhtyar M. , Martin C. , Burnham S. , Sperling R.A. , Rentz D.M.
Published: November 2021

Background: As prevention trials for Alzheimer’s disease move into asymptomatic populations, identifying older individuals who manifest the earliest cognitive signs of Alzheimer’s disease is critical. Computerized cognitive testing has the potential to replace current gold standard paper and pencil measures and may be a more efficient means of assessing cognition. However, more empirical evidence about the comparability of novel computerized batteries to paper and pencil measures is required. Objectives: To determine whether two computerized IPad batteries, the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and Cogstate-C3, similarly predict subtle cognitive impairment identified using the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC). Design, Setting, Participants: A pilot sample of 50 clinically normal older adults (Mage=68.5 years±7.6, 45% non-Caucasian) completed the PACC assessment, and the NIH Toolbox and Cogstate-C3 at research centers of Massachusetts General and Brigham and Women’s Hospitals. Participants made 3-4 in-clinic visits, receiving the PACC first, then the NIH Toolbox, and finally the Cogstate-C3. Measurements: Performance on the PACC was dichotomized by typical performance (>= 0.5SD), versus subtle cognitive impairment (<0.5SD). Composites for each computerized battery were created using principle components analysis, and compared with the PACC using non-parametric Spearman correlations. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine which composite was best able to classify subtle cognitive impairment from typical performance. Results: The NIH Toolbox formed one composite and exhibited the strongest within-battery alignment, while the Cogstate-C3 formed two distinct composites (Learning-Memory and Processing Speed-Attention). The NIH Toolbox and C3 Learning-Memory composites exhibited positive correlations with the PACC (ρ=0.49, p<0.001; ρ=0.58, p<0.001, respectively), but not the C3 Processing Speed-Attention composite, ρ=-0.18, p=0.22. The C3 Learning-Memory was the only composite that classified subtle cognitive impairment, and demonstrated the greatest sensitivity (62%) and specificity (81%) for that subtle cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that the NIH Toolbox has the advantage of showing the strongest overall clustering and alignment with standardized paper-and-pencil tasks. By contrast, Learning-Memory tasks within the Cogstate-C3 battery have the greatest potential to identify cross-sectional, subtle cognitive impairment as defined by the PACC.
Failure in building and remedies
Authors: KENECHI SAMUEL OKOLO
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

The research investigates the causes of failure in buildings (failure on floors, walls or block works and roofing) for the purpose of this research, the surveying of the various sites of the areas under study was undertaken from the sites surveying, it was found that the common factors that are causing these failures in the area under study are environmental factors, poor drainage system and poor execution method. Thus, the study recommends the possible solutions to the identified problems on the study area.
THE DYNAMIC SURVIVAL OF PESANTREN IN INDONESIA A BRIEF EXPLANATION FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRADITIONAL MUSLIM EDUCATION
Authors: Arif Mahmud , Fatonah Siti , Billah Faza MB Abda
Published: November 2021

After the ratification of Pesantren's Law, the existence of pesantren (Islamic boarding school) more be recognized as an integral part of the national education system. Historically, it has much uniqueness. In the modern era, its dynamics in Indonesia faced problematic situations: the pressure of the colonizers and the modernization of the educational system that provide disadvantages. Also, the decline of the centers of Islamic culture has residues. On one side, such situations force pesantren to take extra careful steps to look less agile in reforming its educational and institutional system in the context of the fulfillment of its traditional functions. On the side, the tradition of Islamic science developed is deemed to be very close to the Sufistic-juristic inclination that belongs to the non-puritan school. As the penetration of the modernization in the national education system is gradually accepted, its dialectical pattern has pushed pesantren to take the convergent process that makes this institution to compete as an educational institution and education provider as well.
URGENCY OF EARLY CHILDREN EDUCATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF HADITS IN CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC TIME
Authors: Afifah Fatihakun Ni'mah Wahidah  , Muhammad Alfatih Suryadilaga
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This article describes the review of several hadiths of the obligations of parents in educating children, which are associated with conditions in the Coronavirus pandemic era. We all know families are the first and major education places for someone, and parents as the key. It has become an obligation for both parents to educate their children, but now there are many parents who forget their obligations to provide education to their children. Education in the family mainly plays a role in developing character, personality, cultural values, religious and moral values, and simple skills. With this current condition where Indonesia is experiencing a coronavirus pandemic, the spread of a very rapid virus makes the government provide policies to its citizens for Physical distances. One of the impacts of this coronavirus pandemic is the field of education, namely learning must be done online (in the network). Furthermore, the role of parents in the Coronavirus pandemic era in child learning. In addition, explaining what factors make learning done at home in the era of the Coronavirus Pandemi and how to transform (change) learning in the context of subsequent learning in the virtual world / social media.
Country Risk Premium: The Case of Chile
Authors: Campos Zocimo , Tapia Gertosio Juan , Gudaris Paulina
Published: November 2021

Currently there is no agreed method to estimate the Risk Premium accurately, therefore, different authors arrive at significantly different results when calculating the risk premium for a given country or industry. This work estimates the risk premium of the Chilean stock market (PRM) for the period 1993-2020 using different estimation methodologies (Differential Returns, Implicit Return in Current Stock Prices). The results indicate, depending on the methodology used, a Premium for Risk that ranges between 1,91% and 10,28%, which shows the existence of a positive premium for assuming risk in Chile that ranges around 5,3%.
Analysis of the Brazilian tax incentives to innovation and patent data: a Principal-Agent model approach
Authors: Clemente Felippe , Da Silva Evaldo Henrique
Published: November 2021

We propose to evaluate Lei do Bem (law 11.196/05) for Brazilian regions (North, Northeast, Center-West, Southeast and South). This is the first study that analyzes Lei do Bem using extensive game simulations for the different regions of the country. Based on data from 2006 to 2015, we find moral hazard between government and innovative Brazilian companies, as there was no express incentive in the Lei do Bem to stimulate the industrial sector to innovate and register the innovation as a patent. Thus, policies that review the tax incentives structure contained in the Lei do Bem as well as encourage industries and companies to file patents in public patent databases may have positive effects on the Brazilian innovation system.
„Und der Markt ist einfach leergefegt“
Authors: Riedlinger Isabelle , Lämmel Nora , Boscher Claudia , Planer Katarina
Published: November 2021

Die Pflege befindet sich nicht erst seit der COVID-19-Pandemie in einer (Personal-)Krise, vielmehr wirkt diese wie ein Brennglas, das den Personalmangel in der Pflege noch weiter verschärft und das bisherige Ausmaß für eine breite Öffentlichkeit sichtbar macht. Im Zuge der Krisenbewältigung wird den Leitungspersonen der Einrichtungen pflegerischer Versorgung eine hohe Bedeutung als Krisenmanager*innen zugeschrieben, auch wenn diese oftmals nur als Krisenverwalter*innen agieren können: Die Handlungsintensität des Managements ist hoch, dennoch scheinen die eingesetzten Personalgewinnungsmaßnahmen nicht branchenweit zu greifen. In unserem Beitrag beziehen wir uns zur theoretischen Einordnung auf das Konzept der Risikopolitik. Anhand empirischer Daten des Verbundprojekts ZAFH care4care zeigen wir auf, wie Führungshandeln im Krisenmodus stattfindet, welche Widersprüche damit einhergehen und wie die eingesetzten Maßnahmen die vorhandene Problematik verschärfen.
A Digital Revolution? Insiders, Outsiders, and the “Disruptive Potential” of Instapoetry
Authors: Miller Alyson
Published: November 2021

Whilst frequently dismissed as “cliché, banal, derivative, portentous, repetitive, and manipulative” (Hodgkinson), offering little other than “fidget-spinner” distractions to appease the masses (Roberts), Instapoetry is a slippery, intricate mode. The simplicity of its aesthetic belies its complex political manoeuvrings, marked by an imperative towards a progressive ideology that contests the sexism and racism of dominant culture. Indeed, despite its “byte-sized” accessibility (Bresge), Instapoetry is deceptive, evoking discourses of ‘outsiderness’ that locate the genre within an often-problematic logic of rebellion. Examining black feminist Instapoets such as Aja Monet, Yrsa Daley-Ward, and Nayyirah Waheed, as well as ‘superstars’ of the genre, including Rupi Kaur, Atticus, and Nikita Gill, this paper argues that there is a persistent disjuncture between the extra-textual commentary surrounding Instapoetry, particularly by way of interviews and artistic statements, and the content of works which repeatedly reinscribe conservative, patriarchal, and heteronormative worldviews. Whilst the pithy convenience of new media poetries has undoubtedly helped magnify oppressed voices and perspectives, it has also, more cynically, fostered an insistence on universality that erases complexity and difference in the (largely aesthetic) interests of harmony, and the appeasement of both dominant and minority cultures.
Observation of Danish marine fungi: in memoriam of Dr. Jørgen Koch
Authors: Jones E. B. Gareth , Pang Ka-Lai
Published: November 2021

Jørgen Koch introduced mycologists to a unique habitat for marine fungi, namely the sand dunes of Grønhøj, Jutland, Denmark. The high diversity of marine fungi obtained from the site provided abundant sporulating structures for a number of research areas in marine mycology including ecological surveys, ultrastructure examination of ascospore appendage development, spore attachment studies and phylogeny. This review highlights the key observations in these areas. Also, a list of 102 species of marine fungi documented for Denmark is provided.
Prediction of future paths of mobile objects using path library
Authors: Leppäkoski Helena , Adhikari Bishwo , Raivio Leevi , Ritala Risto
Published: November 2021

In situational awareness, the ability to make predictions about the near future situation in the area under surveillance is often as essential as being aware of the current situation. We introduce a privacy-preserving instance-based prediction method, where a path library is collected by learning earlier paths of mobile objects in the area of surveillance. The input to the prediction is the most recent coordinates of the objects in the scene. Based on similarity to short segments of currently tracked paths, a relative weight is associated with each path in the library. Future paths are predicted by computing the weighted average of the library paths. We demonstrate the operation of a situational awareness system where privacy-preserving data are extracted from an inexpensive computer vision which consists of a camera-equipped Raspberry PI-based edge device. The system runs a deep neural network-based object detection algorithm on the camera feed and stores the coordinates, object class labels, and timestamps of the detected objects. We used probabilistic reasoning based on joint probabilistic data association, Hungarian algorithm, and Kalman filter to infer which detections from different time instances came from the same object.
Parliamentary Sovereignty before and beyond Brexit
Authors: Orakhelashvili Alexander
Published: November 2021

This article assesses the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty against the background that, at the time of UK’s withdrawal from the EU, UK parliament proclaimed it to be preserved despite the continuing domestic legal effect accorded, under 2018 and 2020 Acts, to pertinent EU law provisions in the UK legal system. The relevant evidence is analysed to show whether that position is one to which English law subscribes.
Effects of carbon doping on structure and magnetocaloric properties of Mn1.25Fe0.7P0.5Si0.5 alloys
Authors: Niu Jimei , Zheng Zhigang
Published: November 2021

(Mn,Fe)2(P,Si)-basedmaterials are promisingly applied in the room-temperature magnetic refrigeration field. In this study, Mn1.25Fe0.7P0.5Si0.5Cx (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) alloys were prepared by arc-melting and then a two-stage sintering process. The effects of C doping on the crystal structure and magnetocaloric behavior are discussed. Results indicate that the Fe2P-type structure (space group of P62 m) was crystallized for all samples with weakened first-order magnetic transitions (FOMT). The Curie temperature could be altered from 223.5 K to 278.5 K with the large magnetocaloric effect (MCE) remaining by C doping. In the applied magnetic field of 5 T, the peak value of magnetic entropy change (–ΔS
M) increased by 7.3% to reach 25.1 J × kg–1 × K–1. The temperature-induced entropy change (ΔS
DSC) derived from DSC was slightly larger than ΔS
M induced by the magnetic field. The Mn1.25Fe0.7P0.5Si0.5 alloys with large MCE can be effectively tuned by C doping because C atoms prefered to share the substitute and occupy the interstitial sites in hexagonal Fe2P-type structure.
Mechanical performance investigation of lignocellulosic coconut and pomegranate / LDPE biocomposite green materials
Authors: BaniHani Suleiman , AL-Oqla Faris M. , Mutawe Samer
Published: November 2021

Biocomposites have been implemented in various industrial applications. However, it is necessary to demonstrate their desired mechanical performance aspects for the near future green products. The aim of this work is to study the efficiency of utilizing both coconut and pomegranate lignocellulosic fiber as green reinforcement types for the low-density polyethylene, LDPE. Desired mechanical performance trends are investigated for the green composites including the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation to break properties as a function of various reinforcement configurations. This was performed to properly optimize the reinforcement conditions to obtain desirable mechanical characteristics of such types of bio-composites for more sustainable functional attributes. Results have demonstrated that the best tensile strength for the coconut/PE was achieved at 20wt.% case with 8.2 MPa, and the best regarding this property for the pomegranate/PE was at 30wt.% with a value close to 8.3 MPa. Moreover, obvious inverse relationship between strength and strain for the coconut composite type was revealed at both low and high fiber contents. It was also noticed that the 20wt.% coconut-based composite has demonstrated the best optimal values of tensile strength and tensile modulus simultaneously. But no reinforcement condition was found for pomegranate/LDPE as an optimal for these mechanical properties concurrently.
Numerical modelling of the transition of infected cells and virions between two lymph nodes in a stochastic model of HIV-1 infection
Authors: Pertsev Nikolai V. , Topchii Valentin A. , Loginov Konstantin K.
Published: November 2021

The paper is focused on stochastic modelling of the process of transition of infected cells and virions of HIV-1 infection between two lymph nodes. The model is based on the following assumptions: (1) the duration of transition of infected cells and virions between two lymph nodes is set using a time-dependent function, (2) infected cells produce virions in the process of transition between two lymph nodes, (3) infected cells and virions may die when moving between two lymph nodes. The methods of the theory of branching random processes are used to study analytically the model variables. An algorithm for statistical modelling of the number of infected cells and virions in the second lymph node is presented. The results of computational experiments studying the distribution law of the number of virions produced by one infected cell depending on the duration of movement between two lymph nodes are presented.
Experimental study on the low-velocity impact failure mechanism of foam core sandwich panels with shape memory alloy hybrid face-sheets
Authors: Li Hao , Jiang Cong , Wu Ye , Huang Yonghu , Wan Yun , Chen Ru
Published: November 2021

Superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) as an advanced smart material has been used to improve the impact performance of fiber-reinforced composites in recent decades. Due to the low impact toughness of the thin composite face-sheet and the poor strength of the foam core, sandwich panels are sensitive to the transverse loading. SMA fibers were embedded into the composite laminated to improve the impact resistance of the traditional foam core sandwich panel in this work. Five new types of SMA hybrid panels were prepared, and the testing panels with penetration failure were observed at the impact energy of 50 J. The impact mechanical responses and the damage morphology were analyzed, and the impact failure mechanism was also revealed. Results show that all sandwich panels were failed, the fiber breakage occurred at the impact region in the traditional panels, while part plies of the rear face-sheets split-off in the SMA hybrid panels. The impact performance of the SMA hybrid panels is improved when compared with the traditional panel, the reduction of the delamination area by 48.15% and the increase of the load-bearing threshold by 32.75% are acquired for the hybrid sandwich panel with two layers of SMA fibers in the rear face-sheet.
“They Are Always There”
Authors: Juliff Toby , Tierney Tricia
Published: November 2021

To speak of “Latin America” is to seek a frame of negotiation between those for whom it remains a pragmatic grouping, those who regard it as a psychic and geographic zone of experience, and those for whom it serves little other purpose than as a postcolonial mirage. And it’s certainly true that in the case of artists Ana Mendieta (Cuba, 1948–1985) and Cecilia Vicuña (Chile, b. 1948) a negotiation of zones takes on a particularly haunting mirage. Resisting the alluring and troubling “coherences” of African and Indian postcolonial returns in contemporary art (T. J. Demos, Return to the Postcolony: Specters of Colonialism in Contemporary Art, Sternberg Press, 2013), this paper argues that the zone of Latin America remains decidedly incoherent. The work of Mendieta and Vicuña conjure a cacophony of ghosts through the active resistance of easy conflations of Indigenous and non-Indigenous postcolonial experience. Through examining the hospitality that we must show to ghosts, Derrida’s marranismo reminds us that the guest speaks of a justice to come. In understanding the Latin American experience, this paper argues, the guest and the ghost share more than a phonological likeness.
Brasil ou “Brasis"?
Authors: Silva Francinaldo Pereira da , Almeida Lucélia de Sousa
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho aborda questões de diversidade cultural dentro das divisões socioeconômicas apresentadas no romance O Cortiço, de Aluísio Azevedo, pautadas em uma visão de cultura brasileira para além do unitarismo. Nessas prerrogativas, objetivamos, de modo geral, investigar essa diversidade dentro das divisões culturais do romance, seja por um ideal estratégico de culturas de classe, seja por questões de nacionalidades. De modo específico, apresentar as estratégias de administração das diferenças culturais, bem como o contato que essa diversidade mantém entre si; discutir sobre culturas de classe e suas distinções operacionalizada pelo poder do capital e examinar os processos de contatos culturais na identificação do que é descrito como cultura brasileira no romance. Assim, metodologicamente, a nossa base teórica está pautada nas ideias de sociedade multicultural e do multiculturalismo, de Hall (2003), bem como em os poderes do capital numa distinção de culturas de classe, apoiados nos postulados de Bourdieu (1987), e das noções de interações entre culturas — aculturação, transculturação e hibridismos —, em Fernando Ortiz, Peter Burke (2006) e em outras bibliografias, que utilizamos para conceber nos resultados obtidos, através da análise das duas visões presente n’O Cortiço, o pertencimento e as posições das personagens frente a ideia de diversidade.
Carolina de Jesus, a fome e o leitor
Authors: Boenavides Débora Luciene Porto , Moreno Boenavides William
Published: November 2021

Este artigo, embasado no método sociológico proposto pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, tem como objetivo verificar os acarretamentos estilísticos das relações entre autora, herói e leitor em Quarto de Despejo, de Carolina Maria de Jesus. Para tanto, apresenta-se, primeiramente, a discussão proposta por Bakthin, Volóchinov e Medvedev sobre os aspectos determinantes da forma artística. Após, verifica-se o valor hierárquico do herói de Quarto de Despejo em relação à autora e ao oleitor projetado em seu discurso, o grau de aproximação entre a autora e o herói da obra e as inter-relações entre o leitor e a autora e entre o leitor e o herói considerando que estes (autor-herói-leitor) determinam internamente a forma e o estilo do diário enquanto gênero literário. A autora, socialmente subordinada e intimamente ligada ao objeto de seu discurso, busca denunciar as opressões ocasionadas por tal subordinação ao seu leitor, o qual tem por aliado e que, devido a esta aliança, também se relaciona negativamente com a fome.
“Corpo-História”
Authors: Oliveira Amanda da Silva , Moreira Maria Eunice
Published: November 2021

Na linha da crítica feminista, este artigo enfoca a temática do corpo negro tomando por referência a obra Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres, de Conceição Evaristo. Os contos que compõem esse volume, todos eles intitulados pelo nome de uma mulher, abordam temas que se referem ao corpo feminino e sua violação, quer seja pelo marido, pelo pai ou pelo parceiro, quer sejas elas mulheres jovens, maduras ou velhas. O objetivo do artigo é analisar as temáticas de corpo e de escritura, a partir das vivências-contos das mulheres-título. Ao relacionar ambas as temáticas, entendemos que o corpo da experiência vivida se transforma em matéria de narração, num processo de identificação e de autodefinição da mulher negra.
Entre contos, bólides e bichos
Authors: Filho Reginaldo Pujol
Published: November 2021

Trago aqui algumas notas sobre dois livros (Os anões e Sul) e dois contos (Imagem verdadeira e A verdade sobre O coração dos homens) da escritora Veronica Stigger tentando pensar esse conjunto não a partir de noções literárias, mas apoiado em ideias e conceitos que olham para a arte contemporânea, com mais ênfase no Neoconcretismo brasileiro. A partir de Donald Judd, mas sobretudo de Hélio Oiticica e Lygia Clark, busco ler as produções de Stigger a partir de chaves oferecidas pelo campo das artes visuais. Esse experimento faz parte de um projeto de aproximações entre literatura e artes visuais não só através de conteúdos, mas através de procedimentos formais, estéticos e conceituais que, acredito, podem oferecer importantes ferramentas para trabalhar a literatura contemporânea.
Realisasi Hak Anak Dalam Film Capharnaum Karya Nadine Labaki (kajian Strukturalisme Obyektif)
Authors: Ayati Alima Nuri , Khomisah Khomisah , Karman Karman , Amiq Amiq
Published: November 2021

Film Capharnaum merupakan film yang berasal dari Lebanon yang disutradai oleh seorang sutradai perempuan yang sekaligus menciptakan Naskah filmnya, bernama Nadine Labaki. Dia terinpirasi untuk membuat film tersebut dari pengalamannya yang melakukan riset dengan mengelilingi penjara anak yang ada di Suriah, mewawancarai anak-anak yang ada didalam penjara tersebut dan mengambil suara-suara anak yang mengalami konflik dimasa kecilnya. Lalu sutradara mengambil kesimpulan dan ia tuangkan dalam naskah film. Mengambil narasi berlatar Beirut modern, yang sangat cocok untuk menggambarkan keadaan anak-anak yang mengalami kesengseraan dan kemiskinan yang luar biasa dikalangan anak-anak serta keterbaian oleh orangtuanya. Ditambah dengan para pemain actor yang diambil Nadine dari tempat pengungsian Suriah yang mengalami hal tersebut di kehidupan realitanya. Karna actor yang diambil bukan actor yang professional, menjadika peran yang mereka mainkan menjadi penuh emosional sesuai yang mereka alami. Tema film ini menceritakan tentang kejahatan yang terjadi terhadap anak berbentuk eksploitasi anak, banyak ketidakadilan hak anak dalam film Capharnaum ini. Dengan demikian, untuk mencari makna teks yang mengandung bentuk eksploitasi anak tersebut perlu dicari menggunakan pendekatan kajian strukturalisme obyektif. Dalam intertekstual penelitian ini, meneliti dari segi struktur dan keterkaitan antar struktur tersebut sehingga membentuk satu kesatuan makna yang utuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui teks –teks naskah film Capharnaum karya Nadine Labaki yang mengandung makna kata yang memiliki arti kedalam bentuk eksploitasi anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif.
The Role of Agency and Material Culture in Remembering and Forgetting: An Ethnoarchaeological Case Study from Central Spain
Authors: Fewster Kathryn J.
Published: November 2021

This paper considers how significance is given and denied to material remains from the past. It explores this issue by means of an ethnoarchaeological study conducted in and around the Castillian villages of Solosancho and Villaviciosa in the Amblés valley, Spain, between 1997 and 1999. It analyses the Iron Age and medieval symbolism used in a coat of arms produced in 1998, and argues that this object partially reflects a local narrative reasserting a sense of identity for Solosancho and its satellite village, Villaviciosa. This was done at a time when those two communities perceived themselves to be under social and economic threat. By concentrating on the performative, corporeal nature of the villagers’ interaction with their material culture in the present, the paper seeks to demonstrate how an ethnoarchaeological approach may help to illuminate the ways that memory and material culture may have been manipulated in the past, in the absence of large-scale, state-directed, structural intervention.
The Predictors of Early Mortality in Geriatric Patients who Hospitalized to the Intensive Care Unit with Aspiration Pneumonia
Authors: ÇİYİLTEPE Fulya , ÖZGÜLTEKİN Asu
Published: November 2021

Aim
In the geriatric group, aspiration pneumonia is one of the most common causes of Intensive Care Unit admission. Multiple comorbidities related with systemic diseases, as well as dementia, fraility and difficulty in swallowing or protecting the airway may all contribute the development of the AP in the geriatric age. Furthermore, many other variables may influence the outcome of this patient group.
In this study, it is aimed to determine the parameters that may have an effect on the intensive care mortality.
Materials and Methods
221 patients aged ≥ 80 years who were admitted to the third level ICU with the diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to the 28-day outcome (survived-nonsurvived). The admission levels of arterial blood Ph and pCO2 and lactate , blood urea, creatinine, potassium (K) and sodium (Na) levels, APACHE II, Glaskow Coma Scale (GCS), modified shock index (MSI) and the aspiration pneumonia's source ( community-acquired aspiration pneumonia (CA-AP) or healthcare-associated aspiration pneumonia (HCA-AP) )were recorded.The effects of these variables on 28-day mortality were analyzed.
Results
The presence of HCA-AP, GCS and APACHEII scores were found to be significantly correlated between the two groups. ROC analysis were done for those variables and cutoff points werecalculated. Logistic regression analysis indicated that APACHEII (>22.5,AUC:0.812,P=0.00) and GCS (<9, AUC:0.730, P=0.00) as the most prominentin dependent predictors of mortality (p<0,05, odds ratio 7.68, 3.23 respectively) with the presence of HCA-AP.

Conclusion
Although many variables are significant in predicting the first 28 days of mortality in ICU admission of geriatric patients with aspiration pneumonia, the presence of HCA-AP, high hospitalization APACHE II score and low GCS score were significant independent variables.
Cognitive-Linguistic Tools for Modeling the Country’s Media Image: A China’s Discourse on Russia
Authors: Erofeeva Irina , Muravyov Alexey
Published: November 2021

The article describes the cognitive means by which the perception and processing of textured material in media discourse is carried out. The authors present the typology of this toolkit and its opportunities in modeling the country’s media image addressed to the sociocode of a national culture.
The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of modern media in shaping the image of a specific territory in mass consciousness, which directly determines the character of economic, political and social relations in society.
The purpose of the article is to identify and characterize possible cognitive-linguistic mechanisms for modeling a productive media image of a country based on mental representations of society, originating in culture and guaranteeing the effective use of the corresponding constructs of mental operations, value preferences and behavior patterns of information flows consumer.
Based on linguo-culturological analysis, conditions and frames of modeling, the image of Russia is considered in the content of the Chinese mass media. The empirical base of the study was made up of more than 200 texts of the Chinese media of various formats. The media discourse represents both common nuclear concepts and archetypes of the national view of the world in Russia and China (collectivism, patriotism, home, family, power, nature), and the ambiguous stereotypes of Chinese citizens about Russians and Russia that have been developed over the time. Stereotypes are embedded in the traditional expressive narrative which, due to a combination of expressive means, aesthetic and impressive power of verbal potential, has a purposeful impact on the audience, maintains the necessary national identity in Chinese society in the «We — They» paradigm.
With respect to Russia’s strategic interests, it is important to actualize the common constructs of Chinese and Russian mentality in the mass media which will not only awaken the original cultural memory of a person but also allow to bring the people of China and Russia closer together.
Reconstruction of intestinal microecology of Type 2 diabetes by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Why and How
Authors: Chen Zhe-Sheng , Xiao Chuanxing
Published: November 2021

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistant. Mounting evidence has correlated T2D to alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Accordingly, targeting the gut microbiota has become an emerging strategy to benefit the T2D management. To get a better insight into the rationale for targeting gut microbiota in T2D treatment, we herein reviewed the change of gut microbiota composition in T2D, factors shaping gut microbiota, and potential mechanisms about contribution of gut microbiota to T2D pathogenesis.At present, it has become possible to use intestinal microorganism capsules, bacteria liquid and other preparations to carry out FMT for the treatment and intervention of T2D with insulin resistance and immune-mediated Type 1 diabetes(T1D).
Kötücül yazılımların tespitinde imza temelli ve dinamik analiz yöntemlerinin zayıflıkları: Örnek olay çalışması
Authors: AYGÖR Derviş , AKTAN Ertuğrul
Published: November 2021

Kötücül yazılımlar, süregelen evrimi nedeniyle günümüzde de birçok bilgisayarı etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Kötücül yazılımların amacı hedef sistemleri manipüle etmek olduğundan, bu amacın önündeki en büyük engellerden biri konumunda olan antivirüs yazılımlarının atlatılması için birçok yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada; kod enjeksiyonu, anti-dinamik modifikasyon ve şifreleme adımlarından oluşan deneysel metotla manipüle edilen masum bir programın, imza ve dinamik analiz temelli antivirüs yazılımlarını büyük ölçüde atlatabildiği gösterilmiştir. Masum bir program olarak Notepad++ metin editörü, kötücül kod üretmek için Metasploit zafiyet analiz ve test çatısı, anti-dinamik modifikasyon için Ollydbg hata ayıklayıcısı ve kötücül yazılım analizi için Virustotal platformu kullanılmıştır. Virustotal sonuçlarına bakıldığında; masum program içerisine enjekte edilmiş kötücül kod başlangıçta 30/67 adet antivirüs yazılımı tarafından tespit edilmiş, fakat anti-dinamik modifikasyon ve şifreleme uygulandıktan sonra bu değer, sırasıyla 9/67 ve 4/66 adede düşmüştür. Özetle birçok antivirüs yazılımının, farklı anti-tespit yöntemleri ile atlatılabildiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu sonuç, mevcut antivirüs çözümlerinin yanı sıra kum havuzu teknolojisi gibi farklı güvenlik yaklaşımlarına ihtiyaç olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Antimon ihtiva eden çözeltilerden sementasyon ile metalik antimon eldesi ve şartlarının incelenmesi
Authors: UYSAL Abdullah , ÇETİNER Burcu Nilgün , AKTAŞ Serdar
Published: November 2021

Antimonun geleneksel kullanım alanlarının yanında, son senelerde güneş enerjisi teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler antimon ve bileşiklerine duyulan ihtiyacının artması ve birincil kaynakların dünyada hızla tükenmesi ile artan kotalar ikincil kaynaklardan antimon geri kazanımının önemini arttırmıştır. Bu çalışma önerilen geri kazanım yönteminde, daha aktif metalin oksitlenerek iyonik haldeki antimonu indirgemesi ve redüksiyon işlemi sonucu metalik antimonun toz şeklinde üretilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Cevher ve konsantre içeren oksit ve kükürt esaslı antimon, sırasıyla çeşitli asidik ve bazik çözeltiler ile işlenmiştir. Ancak geri kazanım oranı çok düşük olduğundan, ikincil bir kaynak olan asidik sentetik antimon çözeltilerinden antimonun metalik olarak çöktürülmesine etki eden parametreler detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışma şartlarına etki edebilecek sementasyon işlemi sırasında reaksiyon süresi, sıcaklık, başlangıç antimon konsantrasyonu, çinko tozu miktarı ve çözelti pH parametreleri incelenerek elde edilen antimon metalinin fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri karakterize edilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda, 25 ml 1000 ppm Sb+3 sentetik çözeltisi 100 mg metalik çinko ilavesi ile 60 dev./dk. karıştırma hızı ile 5 dakika gibi çok kısa sürede %100’e varan geri kazanım verimine ulaşılmış ve % 99 saflıkta metalik antimon elde edilmiştir. Tek aşamalı sementasyonda 100 mg çinko ile % 100 geri kazanım sağlandığı durumda, iki aşamalı sementasyonda % 40 daha az çinko ilavesi ile aynı verime erişilmiştir.
Marmara denizi dip tarama malzemesinin yol inşaatında yeniden kullanım potansiyeli
Authors: BAYRAM COŞKUN Ece , TEYMUR Berrak
Published: November 2021

Günümüzde, çeşitli amaçlarla gerçekleştirilen deniz tarama uygulaması sonucunda elde edilen malzemeler artık atık olarak görülmemekte ve farklı alanlarda yeniden kullanım potansiyelleri araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, denizlerde yürütülen tarama işlemleri sonucunda elde edilen malzemelerin çimento ve kireç katkısı ile iyileştirilerek, mühendislik özelliklerinde ki değişimler incelenmiş ve bu iyileştirme sonucunda dip tarama malzemesinin yol altyapı tabakalarında yeniden kullanım potansiyeli irdelenmiştir. Saf halde bulunan ve hazırlanan karışımlar üzerinde Kıvam limit deneyleri, minyatür kompaksiyon ve serbest basınç deneyleri uygulanmıştır. Serbest basınç deneyi 1,7 ve 28 gün gün kür koşulları için tekrarlanmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda, eklenen çimento ve kireç oranının artmasıyla numunelerin plastik limitlerinin arttığı ile buna bağlı olarak plastisite indislerinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Tüm oranlardaki çimento ve kireç katkıları ve artan kür süresi, malzemenin serbest basınç dayanımını arttırmıştır. Yapılan çimento ve kireç katkısı ile zemin özelliklerinin iyileştiği ve yol altyapı tabakalarında kullanıma uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Çok kaynaklı genelleştirilmiş atama probleminde ajan yüklerinin dengelenmesi için bir hedef programlama modeli
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Feriştah , SARAÇ Tuğba
Published: November 2021

Çok kaynaklı genelleştirilmiş atama problemi (MRGAP), toplam atama maliyetini enküçükleyecek şekilde ve kapasite kısıtları altında işlerin ajanlara atanması problemidir. Bu problemde her ajan birden çok kaynağa sahiptir, her görev sadece bir ajana atanmaktadır ve bir ajana birden fazla görev atanması mümkündür. MRGAP probleminde yüklerin ajanlara dengeli dağıtılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu amaçla literatürde darboğaz MRGAP ve dengeli atama MRGAP modelleri önerilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yük kareleri toplamı, doğrusallaştırılmış yük kareleri toplamı, hedef programlama, sapma kareleri toplamı ve doğrusallaştırılmış sapma kareleri toplamı modelleri MRGAP için ilk defa önerilmiştir. Matematiksel modeller ile elde edilen çözümlerin kalitesi çözüm süresi, enbüyük yük, değişim katsayısı ve toplam yük olmak üzere dört ölçüt dikkate alınarak belirlenmiştir. Ele alınan modeller rassal olarak türetilen test problemleri kullanılarak, bu dört ölçüt açısından kıyaslanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, hedef programlama ve yük kareleri toplamı modellerinin öne çıktığını göstermektedir.
Mikro tornalama işleminde kesme kuvveti katsayılarının mekanistik ve nümerik modelleme ile tespiti
Authors: HASÇELİK Ahmet , ASLANTAŞ Kubilay
Published: November 2021

Mikro tornalama işlemi, mikro silindirik parçaların imalatında kullanılan bir mikro işleme yöntemidir. Talaş derinliği ve ilerleme değeri çok küçük olması nedeniyle, iş parçasının tane boyutuna yakın değerlerinde kesme işlemleri yapılabilmektedir. Bu durumda, kesme kuvvetleri sadece iş parçasının türüne değil, aynı zamanda tane boyutuna, yüzeydeki artık gerilmelere ve tane yönlenmesine göre değişkenlik gösterir. Bu çalışmada mikro tornalama işleminde kesme kuvvetlerinin mekanistik modellemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kesme deneyleri ortogonal şartlarda gerçekleştirilmiş ve iş parçası olarak Ti6Al4V alaşımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada farklı ilerleme değerleri kullanılarak kesme kuvveti katsayıları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada kullanılan DEFORM 2D ticari yazılımı ile nümerik modelleme yapılmış, kesme kuvveti katsayıları mekanistik model ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Kuvvet katsayılarının birbirleri ile uyumlu olduğu gözlenmiş, bu çalışmada kullanılan iş parçası ve takım çifti için kesme ve kenar kuvveti katsayıları elde edilmiştir. Sonuçların doğrulanmasını yapmak adına, elde edilen kesme ve kenar kuvveti katsayıları kullanılarak, farklı ilerleme değerleri ve yanaşma açılarında kesme kuvvetleri hesaplanmış ve bu sonuçlar arasındaki farkın kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır.
Farklı özgül yüzey alanlarına sahip grafen nanoplakalar içeren su bazlı nanoakışkanların termofiziksel ve reolojik özelliklerinin deneysel incelenmesi
Authors: FİDAN Tuğçe , ALYAMAÇ SEYDİBEYOĞLU Elif
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada, farklı özgül yüzey alanlarına (320, 530 ve 800 m2/g) sahip grafen nanoplakalar (GNP) içeren su bazlı nanoakışkanlar hazırlanmıştır. Kütlece %0,5, 1,0 ve 2,0 GNP içeren su bazlı nanoakışkanlar, ultrason teknolojisi kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Nanoakışkan kararlılığının belirlenmesi amacıyla zeta potansiyel ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Reolojik davranışların incelenmesi için geniş kayma hızı aralığında ve farklı sıcaklıklarda viskozite ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hazırlanan nanoakışkanlarda, nanoplakaların özgül yüzey alanının azalmasıyla beraber kayma incelmesi davranışı gözlemlenmiştir ve tüm nanoakışkanlarda sıcaklık artışı ile viskozite azalmıştır. En yüksek ısıl iletkenlik artışı olan %11, ağırlıkça %1,0 oranında 320 m2/g GNP içeren nanoakışkanlarda, 3-omega yöntemi ile ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, 800 m2/g özgül yüzey alanına sahip GNP içeren nanoakışkanlarda ısıl iletkenlik değerlerindeki artışın en düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Borik asit katkılı pomza esaslı izolasyon malzemesi geliştirilmesi
Authors: PALACI Yüksel
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada, seramik köpük üretimi için borik asit katkısının pomzanın ısıl iletkenliğine etkisi incelenmiştir. İlave olarak %20 oranında perlit ve uçucu kül bu karışıma eklenerek, ısıl iletkenlik değişimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Pomza içerisine borik asit %50 oranında eklenmiş, 500, 600 ve 700 °C sinterleme sıcaklıklarının karışım yoğunluğuna ve ısıl iletkenliğe etkisi ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, pomza için en düşük ısıl iletkenliğin elde edildiği 700 °C’de sinterleme yapılarak, perlit ve uçucu külün, pomza borik asit karışımının ısıl iletkenliğine etkisi incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık artışının Pomza-Borik asit karışımının ısıl iletkenliğini düşürmüştür. Pomzaya borik asit eklenmesi, 700 °C de yapılan sinterleme ile ısıl iletkenliği %42 düşürerek, 0,236 W/m.K ve yoğunluğu da %44,8 düşürerek, 0,64 g/cm3 değerine indirmiştir. Beklendiği üzere borik asit eklenmesi pomzanın erime sıcaklığını düşürmüştür. 700 °C de yapılan sinterleme, Perlit ve uçucu külün, pomza borik asit karışımına ilave olarak eklenmesi ısıl iletkenliğin ve yoğunluğun yükseltmiştir. Perlit ilavesi, ısıl iletkenliği 0,374 W/m.K yükseltirken uçucu kül ilavesi ise 0,359 W/m.K değerine düşürmüştür. Yoğunluk, perlit ilavesi ile 1,06 g/cm3 değerine düşerken, uçucu kül ilavesi ile 1,1 g/cm3 değerine düşmüştür.
Doğal ve kalsine pilekinin karakterizasyonu, puzolanik aktivitesi ve çimento harçlarının mekanik özelliklerine etkisi
Authors: BEKEM KARA İlknur
Published: November 2021

Çimentoda puzolan kullanılması fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri iyileştirmekte, ekonomik olarak fayda sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca daha az çimento kullanımı sonucu çevresel etkiler azaltılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Pileki taşının (İyidere/Rize) öğütülmüş halde doğal ve kalsine olarak çimento harçlarının içinde puzolan olarak değerlendirilebilirliğine odaklanılmıştır. Pileki taşı petrografik açıdan incelenmiştir. Öğütülmüş pileki ise doğal ve kalsine edilmiş halde fiziksel, kimyasal, minerolojik, termal gravimetrik ve morfolojik açıdan analiz edilmiştir. Doğal pileki ve kalsine pilekinin puzolanik aktivitesi belirlenmiştir. Harç üretiminde %0, %5, %10 ve %20 oranlarında çimento yerine kullanılmıştır. Doğal ve kalsine pileki SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3 toplamının sırasıyla %69.78 ve %71.91 olduğu, kalsine işlemi ile doğal pileki bünyesindeki suyun dehidratasyona uğradığı, kalsine pilekide kızdırma kaybı ve 900 °C’de ağırlık kaybının böylelikle azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak pileki taşının öğütülerek kalsine halde çimento harçlarında doğal puzolan olarak %5 ikame ile başarıyla kullanılabileceğini kanaatine varılmıştır. Puzolan olarak kalsine pileki kullanımı çimento üretimi için gerekli olan enerji miktarının dolayısıyla CO2 salınımının azalmasına destek olabilecektir.
Identification of Taenia solium based on single tapeworm eggs in diagnostic stool samples using RNA sequencing v1
Authors: Sadlowski Henrik , Schmidt Veronika , Hiss Jonathan , G. Schneider Christian , Zulu Gideon , Hachangu Alex , S. Sikasunge Chummy , E. Mwape Kabemba , S. Winkler Andrea , Schuelke Markus
Published: November 2021

Here we present a detailed protocol for the identification of Taenia solium based on the few Taenia spp. eggs found in diagnostic stool samples. Our approach is based on "mail order" RNA sequencing of single eggs and can be performed in laboratories equipped with basic tools such as a microscope, a Bunsen burner, and access to an international post office for shipping samples to a next-generation sequencing facility. This protocol describes sample collection and transport, isolation of individual Taenia spp. eggs, reliable disruption of individual Taenia eggs, and important considerations for shipping samples to a next-generation sequencing facility. We provide images and videos to help prepare the tools needed for the protocol. Additional information on our rationale for designing the critical steps can help implement the protocol in new environments.
Awareness and Attitude of Latvian Construction Companies Towards Sustainability and Waste Recycling
Authors:   Riga Technical University, Tambovceva Tatjana , Bajare Diana , Shvetsova Irina , Tereshina Maria V. ,   Kuban State University, Titko Jelena ,   EKA University of Applied Sciences
Published: November 2021

Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) creates the largest waste stream in the European Union. They consist of a heterogeneous mix of different components and constitute large amounts of waste which are often hazardous. Although some CDW is sent for recycling after the stripping and the demolishing of the building, a bigger share of the recovered CDW is restricted to low-value applications. It is widely accepted that reliable strategies and innovative technologies need to be developed to increase the share of CDW‑derived materials in new residential constructions while simultaneously minimizing future CDW. Moreover, awareness and understanding the high value of CDW derived materials should be reached to improve building energy efficiency. The aim of the research is to evaluate the level of awareness and attitude towards CDW among Latvian construction companies. It was found out that Latvian construction business community has a positive attitude to waste management activities, and understands its importance in sustainable development
Impact of the Prospective Roundwood Export Ban on Russian Timber Production
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Stoilova Alina S.
Published: November 2021

Illegal timber harvesting and trafficking is one of the most important economic and environmental problems in the Russian Federation. Illegal logging leads to degradation of forests and a shortage of timber in wood industries. One of the measures to counter illegal logging is the ban on the export of raw wood, which will take effect on January 1, 2022. However, such a measure will lead not only to control over the circulation of illegal timber, but also to a number of economic consequences. The impact of the ban on the inland market can be assessed using the point sectoral model of the forestry complex (PSM‑fc). The results of scenario calculations show that a ban on the export of raw materials can lead to a reduction in logging volumes and an increase in the share of products of deeper processing in exports