bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CANADIAN COUNCIL OF CHURCHES V. THE QUEEN: PUBLIC INTEREST TAKES A BACK SEAT
Authors: Ross June
Published: June 2017

CANADIAN COUNCIL OF CHURCHES V. THE QUEEN: PUBLIC INTEREST TAKES A BACK SEAT
Autonomy, Subsidiarity, Solidarity: Foundations of Cooperative Federalism
Authors: Cyr Hugo
Published: June 2017

What does the constitutional principle of federalism entail? Instead of a detailed set of specific rules, the principle of federalism relies on a series of principles that distinguish federations from other political forms. The author proposes that three such principles stand out from within our constitutional instruments and jurisprudence: autonomy, subsidiarity and federal solidarity. The combination of these three interrelated constitutional principles forms the normative structure that gives Canadian federalism its internal logic. And it is the author's contention that this internal logic is one of cooperative federalism. It is these principles that must guide the judiciary when it fulfills its special duty as “guardian of the Constitution”, and as such, as guardian of the principle of federalism.
THE QUEBEC SECESSION REFERENCE: THE CONSTITUTIONAL OBLIGATION TO NEGOTIATE
Authors: Cairns Alan
Published: June 2017

THE QUEBEC SECESSION REFERENCE: THE CONSTITUTIONAL OBLIGATION TO NEGOTIATE
Abdelrazik: Tort Liability for Exercise of Prerogative Powers?
Authors: Chamberlain Erika
Published: June 2017

Abdelrazik: Tort Liability for Exercise of Prerogative Powers?
NAFTA AND FEDERALISM IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Tushnet Mark
Published: June 2017

NAFTA AND FEDERALISM IN THE UNITED STATES
COMMENTS
Authors: Resnick Philip
Published: June 2017

COMMENTS
The Challenges of Securing an Open Society
Authors: McLellan The Honourable A. Anne
Published: June 2017

The fifth anniversary of 9/11 has just passed. It is an appropriate time to take stock of how our world changed on that morning in New York City, because it did change. It is now hard to remember a time before 9/11 — a time before security became the filter or the screen through which our actions, our words, and our move- ments would be assessed and judged. I remember the morning well. I was Minis- ter of Justice and Attorney General of Canada and was attending the annual federal/provin- cial/territorial meeting of Ministers of Justice and Solicitors General with my colleague Law- rence MacCauley, the Solicitor General. Our host was Michael Baker, Minister of Justice for Nova Scotia, and we were at the White Point Lodge, outside Halifax. We had just begun our morning session, when I received a note, tell- ing me that a plane had crashed into one of the towers of the World Trade Center in New York City.
Arbitration Using Sharia Law in Canada: A Constitutional and Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Chotalia Shirish P.
Published: June 2017

Recently, Canadian media reports warned that the Government of Ontario was considering the implementation of Sharia law as a judicial equivalent to Ontario law.1 Such reports were not accurate. Rather, the issue was whether arbitration by Islamic tribunals using Muslim law, which is often called Sharia law by non- Muslims, ought to be allowed under the auspices of general arbitration statutes.2 A cross-section of Muslim Canadians actively mobilized to oppose such a possibility through coalition- building and letter-writing campaigns.3 In June 2004, Marion Boyd was commissioned by the province to examine the issues surrounding the use of private arbitration to resolve family and inheritance cases, and the impact of the same on vulnerable people. The Boyd Report, tabled in December 2004, recommended that religious institutions be allowed to arbitrate such disputes on the basis of religious law, provided that a list of forty-six safeguards were adhered to.4 After the Boyd Report, some religious groups argued in favour of religious adjudications.5 Much public debate ensued, leading to a vociferous statement by Premier Dalton McGuinty, who vocally rejected religious adjudication.6 Further, the Government of Ontario outlined that it “will ensure that the law of the land in Ontario is not compromised, that there will be no binding family arbitration in Ontario that uses a set of rules or laws that discriminate against women.”7 The province amended its Arbitration Act8 and Family Law Act9 to provide that family arbitrations were conducted “in accordance with Ontario law or the law of another Canadian jurisdiction.”
Advice to the Minister of Democratic Reform
Authors: Hicks Bruce
Published: June 2017

The Conservative Party of Canada ran in 2006 on an agenda of democratic reform that was to include election dates for the Commons fixed at four years and Senate elections with fixed eight-year terms. After assuming power, its legislation for quadrennial fixed election dates was abrogated within two years of its passage and again two years later. Its Senate reform bills have never gotten beyond second reading and, in most cases, only made it to first. And the prime minister has twice convinced the Governor General to use her reserve powers to protect the government from parliamentary accountability. This paper outlines possible ways to rehabilitate the government’s reform agenda.
COULD THE MEECH LAKE ACCORD AFFECT THE PROTECTION OF EQUALITY RIGHTS FOR WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN CANADA?
Authors: Smith Lynn
Published: June 2017

COULD THE MEECH LAKE ACCORD AFFECT THE PROTECTION OF EQUALITY RIGHTS FOR WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN CANADA?
AUCTIONEERS, FENCE-VIEWERS, POPES – AND JUDGES
Authors: Macdonald Roderick , Lajoie Andree
Published: June 2017

AUCTIONEERS, FENCE-VIEWERS, POPES – AND JUDGES
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER: AN END TO THATCHERISM?
Authors: Ewing Keith
Published: June 2017

THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER: AN END TO THATCHERISM?
Drivers Needed: Tough Choices from Alberta v. Wilson Colony of Hutterian Brethren
Authors: Epp Buckingham Janet
Published: June 2017

Drivers Needed: Tough Choices from Alberta v. Wilson Colony of Hutterian Brethren
Quand la chair de l’interprète européenne hante la chaire des hérauts européanistes…
Authors: Reyns-Chikuma Chris
Published: June 2017

On the one hand, there is a great number of « national » fictions. To various degrees (patriotic, nationalistic) and consciously or not, these fictions participate in the construction of a nation. On the other hand, there are also a lot of fictions that we can characterize as cosmopolitan or postnational and which are situated outside any clear national boundaries. On the contrary, one can count very few fictions on the construction of a European supranationality. To my knowledge, Constellation by Alain Lacroix (2008) is the only one in French and that is the one I am going to write about in this essay.

My goal here is threefold. It is first to show that although the interpreter seems to play a minor role (according to the number of pages) and although she is apparently considered an insignificant quantity by both male protagonists, as her regular and obsessive return in the text proves it she is actually important since she haunts the characters sexually and ideologically. I will also show that this haunting spreads through the whole novel through the issue of the interpretation of signs. The second goal is to show that the interpreter, who is explicitly presented as an impersonation of Europe, actually incarnates the ambivalence of any « europeanist » project. She is indeed a bridge not only between two languages & cultures but also between both faces of any European policy. The first one, concrete, tries to incorporate the real life of the Europeans, their daily concerns which themselves are often inscribed within their « national habitus», and the other one to exceed it within a transnational project which is often perceived as too abstract. Finally, I will conclude showing how Constellation “foreignizes” (Venuti, 2008, 6) its translation of the European realities, not by its choices but by the choice of avant-garde esthetic techniques.
Translating Fictions: The Messenger Was a Medium
Authors: Lederhendler Lazer
Published: June 2017

In this article I will examine the ways in which the ethical gestures available to translators are inscribed in the etymologies of key terms and cognate pairs (especially in English and French) within the semantic field marked out by the category of translation: trade, transfer, transgress. translate / translater, traduire / traduce, betray / trahir. What emerges is a pattern dominated by themes of give and take, loss and gain, and above all, faithfulness and betrayal. Betrayal (like the French verb trahir) holds a pivotal position within this set, due to its two-faced character, given to both deceit and revelation.

Juxtaposed on and rooted in these themes are the timeworn types in which translators have been chronically cast (when not simply ignored): the loser (mainly in the sense of the agent of loss) and the traitor. Such associations throw into stark relief the intrinsically political and ethical nature of the act of translation, which Lawrence Venuti and others have forcefully theorized and which the fate of translators in Iraq and Afghanistan, for example, have brutally embodied in recent times.

Drawing in part on my own thirty odd years as a translator of literary and non-literary texts, I will consider the implications of the figure of the translator as “double-agent” in the Canadian context, where a translation economy has grown against a backdrop of conflicts over loyalties and faithlessness. Furthermore, by way of dialoguing with Venuti’s project of “minoritizing translation,” I hypothesize a strategy of translators voluntarily affirming their “double-agency” or “traitorhood” as an additional challenge to prevailing textual and cultural assumptions and regimes.
Challenges and Strategies in Translating Chinese and English Prepositions into Standard Shona
Authors: Mushangwe Herbert
Published: June 2017

The present study focuses on the challenges and strategies in translating Chinese or English prepositions into Shona. These two languages were chosen mainly because Chinese is becoming one of the most influential foreign language in Zimbabwe while, English is also one of the widely spoken foreign language in many countries. As already observed in some previous research, English and Chinese prepositions are captured in Shona phrases as morphemes. Words are the smallest elements that may be uttered in isolation with semantic or pragmatic content. This differs from morphemes which are defined as smallest units of meaning which cannot necessarily stand on their own. Research shows that Chinese and English prepositions do not have direct equivalent prepositions in Shona. We observed that Shona employs substitutes for Chinese and English prepositions, making translation of prepositions from other languages into Shona challenging.

Keywords: Prepositions; Shona; cross language comparison; Chinese and English, translation
The Curtain Call: Translating Performance in Text and Visual Media Creative Portfolio
Authors: Siemens Elena
Published: June 2017

Introduction
Uses of the Imagination: Bilanguaging the Translation of U.S. Latino Poets
Authors: Bradford Lisa Rose
Published: June 2017

The translation of multicultural poetry is as challenging as it is creative. In this verse, meaning is transmitted through a defiance of norms, firstly because poetry is a genre that strives for verbal concision and innovation; and secondly because the multilingual poet involves another language —either in its original form or as a translation into the language of composition—to enhance sound and cultural imagery. In order to translate this type of poetry, it is necessary to analyze traditional translations of multicultural literature to establish what the reader’s expectations are, if any, regarding this writing technique. Also, as implicit translations embedded within the lines create a tangible heteroglossia, this element must be considered and conveyed as such in the new version. In this study, the ideas on polylingualism in literature discussed by Mikhail Bakhtin, Meir Steinberger, Walter Mignolo, and Paul Bandia are first weighed, and then an examination of the actual Spanish versions of U.S. Latino poetry published in Usos de la imaginación: poesía de l@s latin@s en EE.UU helps crystallize the problems and strategies involved in the translation of multicultural literature.

La traducción de la poesía multicultural es una tarea tan desafiante como creativa. En esta lírica, se transmite el sentido a través de un cuestionamiento de las normas, primero porque la poesía es un género que busca la concisión verbal y la innovación; segundo porque el poeta multicultural involucra otra lengua—en su forma original o como traducción a la lengua de composición—para enriquecer las imágenes sonoras y culturales. Para traducir este tipo de poesía, es necesario investigar modos tradicionales de traducir la literatura multicultural para así establecer cuáles son, si existen, las expectativas de lectura. También, ya que las traducciones implícitas crean una heteroglosia tangible, hay que considerar este factor y transmitirlo en la nueva versión. En este estudio, se examina las ideas sobre el uso de polilingüismo en la literatura expuestas por Mikhail Bakhtin, Meir Steinberger, Walter Mignolo y Paul Bandi, y luego se analizan las traducciones al castellano de poesía latina realizadas para el libro Usos de la imaginación: poesía de l@s latin@s en EE.UU para llegar a una cristalización de los problemas y posibles soluciones para la traducción de la literatura multicultural.
Les altérités en conflit : l’éthique bermanienne de la traduction à l’épreuve de l’Étranger lévinassien
Authors: Rao Sathya
Published: June 2017

The purpose of the present article is to compare Antoine Berman’s theory of translation with Emmanuel Levinas’ ethical philosophy. Contrary to what has often been claimed, these works differ in many aspects that will be systematically addressed. The author will then undertake to derive a theory of translation from Levinas’ philosophy of language.

L’objet de cet article est de comparer les théories de la traduction d’Antoine Berman et d’Emmanuel Levinas. Contrairement à ce que l’on pourrait croire, ces théories diffèrent sur un certain nombre de points que nous examinerons. Après avoir comparé ces deux théories, nous dériverons une théorie de la traduction de la philosophie du langage de Lévinas.
Introduction: Translation and Performance
Authors: Malena Anne
Published: June 2017

Introduction
Contributors
Authors: Malena Anne
Published: June 2017

List of contributors for this issue
Authors‒Translators‒Authors
Authors: Malena Anne
Published: June 2017

Introduction to Issue 4.1 (2011)
Comics Polysystem in Iran: A Case Study of the Persian Translations of Les Aventures de Tintin
Authors: Kenevisi Mohammad Sadegh , Sanatifar Mohammad Saleh
Published: June 2017

Despite the popularity of comics, the subject of their translation has remained notably underexplored. Comics swept into the market of Iran in the 1970s; however, they were a new and unfamiliar genre in the country. One of the earliest comic series to appear in Iran was Les Aventures de Tintin, translated by Khosro Sami’i and published by Universal Publications before the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979. Following the Revolution, Universal discontinued the series in Iran and other publishers briefly took it up; after a few years, publication of the books was discontinued. It was not until 2000 that the series was re-introduced by Tarikh-o Farhang and Andishe-ye No Publications. Moreover, as a result of the ubiquitous availability of comic books on the Internet, scanlations made by Tintinophiles have burgeoned recently. This study examines the translations into Persian of Les Aventures de Tintin from these three groups (the early editions of the 1970s and 1980s, the revived publications of 2000, and the Internet scanlations) and attempts to shed light on the position of comics in the translated polysystem of Iran. For this purpose, Even-Zohar’s Polysystem theory (“Polysystem Studies” 9-26) and Tamaki’s approach (119-146) are employed. The synthetic model of translation description proposed by Lambert and Van Gorp (42-53) is used to examine the translations in three layers: 1) preliminary data, 2) macro-level, and 3) micro-level. Onomatopoeic representations are analysed at the micro-level to investigate the extent to which their translations have broken target culture norms and conventions. The results of the study reveal a gap for comics, an empty niche to be filled, in the translated polysystem of Iran and, accordingly, a canonized position for this genre and its translations. This position, however, has migrated to a less central place in more recent translations.
Faking Translation in Hallstatt: A Visit to Hallstatt Revisited I
Authors: Ingram Susan , Reisenleitner Markus
Published: June 2017

Norbert Artner’s Hallstatt Revisited I is a series of ten large colour photographs taken in a southern China “copy town" for display in the original Austrian village that was copied. In our contribution, we show how Artner’s series represents a kind of “21st-century urbanism with Chinese characteristics” and makes clear the need to distinguish among different forms of copying.
Who translates the translation? (Re)traduire les héros marginaux d'Alan Moore
Authors: RAY Alice
Published: June 2017

The retranslation phenomenon is essential to the translation process. It is considered as the logical progression of this process which allows the translated literary work to regenerate in a restless cultural and language space. To a lesser extent, we can observe the same phenomenon in the translation of comics. However, this specific translation requires other competencies and a translating approach somehow different from the ones required to translate fiction literature, especially because of the presence of the visual system of drawings which is strongly bound to its own culture and the endless mutations it goes through.

The comic book Watchmen (Les Gardiens, in the first French translation) by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons, is known in the whole world as the comic which had not only remodeled the vision we had of super-heroes, but had also given the comic books another voice. Watchmen was published between 1986 and 1987 in the United States and translated in French from 1987 to 1988. Fifteen years after this first translation by Jean-Patrick Manchette, Panini publishing decided to retranslate this famous comic in 2007. However, if the reviews of the first translation were laudatory, the retranslation did not enjoy a great reception from the readers or from the reviewers. This paper proposes a comparative analysis of both these translations and of their original version as well as an experiment on the readers, comic books readers or not, in order to establish why the first translation was a success and the retranslation a failure. Thus, we could withdraw the elements which allow us to understand the reception of comic translation.
Making Your Memory Mine: Marie de France and the Adventures of the Bretons
Authors: Longard Jeffrey S.
Published: June 2017

The twelfth-century Anglo-Norman poet Marie de France undertook to preserve for posterity the adventures and romances embodied in a vanishing genre, the old Breton lais as she had heard them recounted by minstrels. That she succeeded is evidenced by the popularity of these lais for more than eight hundred years; that she perhaps succeeded too well is suggested by the fact that, within a century of her lifetime, the Breton lais had become exclusively a French form of literature, and whatever might have been the original form, linguistic structure and cultural content in Breton has been relegated to the realm of hypothesis.

This raises questions about the relationship between translation and cultural autonomy. Marie’s purported memorial to the Bretons became instead an institution of French language and culture. Had the Breton features been totally effaced, this could be called assimilation; had they been preserved intact, it would have been literal translation. In fact, Marie’s work can be reduced to no such simple binary. Nor can her aims be analyzed through any single lens, whether political, religious, cultural or artistic. Rather, I argue that her unsettling and robust positioning of contradictory elements—sorcery, sensuality, feudality, religion—results from her strategy of adopting the memory of the Bretons: neither glossing over its strangeness nor highlighting it as foreign, but making its distant and exotic characteristics part of her own invented heritage. I conclude that her translation project is more effectively analyzed as an ethical process of incorporation and restitution (Steiner) than as a placement along the spectrum of foreignization versus domestication (Venuti).
The Power of the Periphery: Reassessing Spatial Metaphors in the Ideological Positioning of the Translator
Authors: Medendorp Liz
Published: June 2017

Positionality in translation is often framed in terms of spatial metaphors, using such concepts as the “periphery,” the “in between,” and the “borderlands,” among many others. Given that the Latin root for the word “translation,” 'translatio,' means “to carry across,” this tendency to think of the translator’s position in the concrete terms of travel through physical space is not surprising. However, because the movement of information and ideas no longer requires material transportation, it may no longer be theoretically useful to approach positionality in such concrete terms, and thus a reassessment and re-contextualization of these spatial metaphors is needed. Moreover, the sociological turn’s growing awareness of the translator’s contextual embeddedness reinforces the need to re-conceptualize positionality, shifting away from notions of physical space and toward an ideological construct. Indeed, upon closer examination, these spatial metaphors often prove problematic in several ways, not the least of which being the common undertone of peripherality that readily associates translation with marginality and subjugation. This article analyzes some of the spatial metaphors commonly used in translation scholarship in order to interrogate what they can contribute to a reformulation of the translator’s position in ideological rather than spatial terms. Turning to systems theory for a more nuanced and applicable take on peripherality and centrality, translation is removed from the subordinate position associated with physical notions of the periphery and shifted instead to an ideological position as an agent of inter- and intrasystemic transfer. The translator navigates the systemic periphery, a dynamic, fluid space of intersystemic overlap and interaction, but does not remain there. The translator’s position is therefore both a shifting and powerful one, as translating the peripheral experience of confronting otherness into the centre results in the need to reformulate the Self, for the individual as well as potentially on a larger, systemic level.
Photographed Metaphors: Meaning, Reference, and Translation in Manoel de Barros
Authors: Perez Trujillo Diniz Axel
Published: June 2017

This article explores Brazilian poet Manoel de Barros’ collaboration with photographer Adriana Lafer in Arquitetura do silêncio (2015). The meta discourse on language that emerges in the book challenges meaning, reference, and translation as a means to transfigure the modes of seeing the Pantanal biome in Brazil, shifting our focus to the insignificant and abandoned things strewn across the ground. By reading Barros alongside Frege and Quine, this article argues in favour of the profound awareness of language in the Brazilian poet’s work, an awareness that culminates in the blurring of words and images in Arquitetura.
Promoting ‘Lesser-Used’ Languages Through Translation
Authors: Priestly Tom
Published: June 2017

The globalization of communication in ‘major’ languages has become incompatible with the claims made by the other languages. Many minor, ‘lesser used’ languages were formerly marginalized and ignored because of their incompatibility with national policies; more recently, while acknowledged by specialists, they still have had to struggle to be more publicly recognized as vehicles for important literature, and also in some cases as actually existing. Having the Nobel Prize for Literature awarded is not necessarily effective: within years of Frédéric Mistral’s Nobel prize few people would have acknowledged the existence of Provençal as a language. One potentially more profitable means of achieving recognition is through being translated into better-known languages. The paper will look at two examples.

First: Slovene, the language of just 2 million people in Europe; a language with an established literature; officially a national language; but not generally known. Promotion through translation has been extraordinarily active: great efforts have been made to translate all the major works of literature into ‘major’ languages. Among the results: an enormous translation factory, where sometimes quality is sacrificed to quantity; and very high pay for translators.

Second, at the other end of the ‘status-as-a-language’ spectrum: Lakhian, which very few people recognize as a ‘language’ rather than a dialect; and yet one that received huge (if temporary) recognition when the one person who wrote what is recognized as ‘serious’ literature in Lakhian, Ondra Lysohorsky, had his poetry translated by Boris Pasternak and W.H. Auden.
Inside Out or Outside In? Translating Margins, Marginalizing Translations. The Case of Francophone Pacific Writing
Authors: Anderson Jean
Published: June 2017

The concepts of centre and margins are of course, or ought to be, interchangeable: where we are is, in that sense, always the centre. However, no one would deny that in terms of culture, some 'centres' are more dominant than others. As a translator of Pacific texts, both from French into English and from English into French (as a co-translator), I have become acutely aware of what is at stake in the 'centre' of the Pacific, in particular on the islands of New Caledonia and French Polynesia. Focusing on texts from French Polynesia, I look at some of the ways in which indigenous Pacific authors writing in French 'deterritorialise' both genre and language conventions to create new forms of expression. Chantal Spitz, for example, employs a highly poetic style, even including traditional poetic forms in her prose. How can the translator respond to these strategies in such a way as to promote a reading 'from the inside out'?
Theorizing in the Absence of a Theory:The Case of the Aramaic Targums to the Pentateuch
Authors: Lasair Simon
Published: June 2017

Targums are a kind of ancient Jewish translation literature that may have played an important role in synagogues, private devotion, and education. The reason scholars adduce such widespread use for the targums is because they translate the Hebrew Bible from Hebrew into Aramaic, another ancient Semitic language widely used by Palestinian and Babylonian Jews. Despite their supposed popularity, there are no sustained discussions in ancient Jewish literature concerning how to produce a targum, or what makes a quality targum. This is in direct contrast to some of the early theoretical discussions that informed ancient Christian translations of the Bible. Similarly, internal evidence from the targums suggests they underwent extended diachronic growth, thus eliminating the possibility of a single author, translator, or—as conventionally designated—targumist. As a result, theorizing the situation of a targumist is extremely difficult, in that to do so modern scholars must rely exclusively on the evidence presented by the targums themselves. Furthermore, the targumist must remain at the level of a hypothetical composite in order to reflect the historical realities of targumic production and development. Nevertheless, in this paper I will examine three issues that might give some insight into the situation of the Pentateuch Targums (targums to the first five books of the Hebrew Bible): 1) the targumic “shadow” of the Hebrew Bible; 2) the basic unit of meaning in the targums; and 3) the possible translational role of the targumic narrative expansion—extended portions of text that add new material to the Hebrew Bible narrative. By examining these issues I hope to tease out some of the translational dynamics and cross-cultural issues that likely influenced the production of the targums. And although the targumist must remain a hypothetical construct, the consistency of translational dynamics within the Pentateuch Targums probably reflects a tacit consensus of approach among the targums’ producers. As a result, it becomes possible to theorize in the absence of a theory.
Wanted - An Italian Husband
Authors: Sharlay Nataliya
Published: June 2017

English translation of key passages from Voglio un Marito Italiano, a novel written in Italian by Marina Sorina.
Creative Thinking on the Conwy: Translated Memories of a Contested Transitional Space
Authors: Ingram Susan
Published: June 2017

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The City as Dialectic: Andrei Bely’s Creative Consciousness, Its Nietzschean Influence, and the Urban Center in Petersburg
Authors: Russell Sandra Joy
Published: June 2017

In Petersburg (1916), Andrei Bely uses the space of the city to examine and attempt to reconfigure the persistent question of identity within the Russian consciousness. Bely’s awareness of St. Petersburg’s historical and national significance as a political nucleus compels him to work within the symbolic, drawing from various disciplines including mythology, philosophy, and mathematics. As Robert A. Maguire and John E. Malmstad suggest in the novel’s introduction, the city’s geographic positioning contributes to its greater cultural uncertainty; it pits the Neo-Kantian reason, structure, and order of the “West” against the alleged irrational, impalpable, and intuitive nature of the “East” (Bely viii). Bely’s urbanized creative consciousness can be contextualized by way of its origins in Western philosophy, particularly its Nietzschean influence and the idea of eternal return. Although his use and understanding of this concept fluctuated over the years, Bely interpreted Nietzsche’s notion of “return” as being creative, using it to describe the circularity of every artistic, philosophical, and literary endeavor (Maguire and Malmstad 103). By approaching Bely’s symbolism via its Nietzschean foundations, a better understanding can be gained regarding his use of the city’s geometric space in establishing a connection with the modern. Bely’s creative reading of Nietzsche facilitates his turn to the symbolic, and more critically, the novel’s enduring significance in his “diagnosis of modern culture” (Maguire and Malmstad 102). The amalgamation of Western philosophy, the modern novel, and the modern city ignited his examination and creation of Petersburg, as within this context, the symbolic rests in the act of creation. For Bely, the city and the text are interchangeable; both behave creatively as developmental centers for the modern. Likewise, his calculated and mathematical re-creation of St. Petersburg within the text allows it to operate as a public space for the articulation of Russia’s political and cultural anxiety.
The Tango in Translation: Intertextuality, Filmic Representation, and Performing Argentine Tango in the United States
Authors: McManus Emily J.
Published: June 2017

This article analyzes representations of the Argentine tango by the U.S. media utilizing Farzaneh Farahzad’s theory of “translation as intertextual practice” and Lawrence Venuti’s theory of translated “adaptations.” I argue that the juxtaposition of Latin American and European cultural stereotypes within filmic representations of the tango has created and reinforced a highly racialized master discourse (Said Faiq) that continues to influence how the Argentine tango is perceived in the United States today. Because cultural translation occurs between a hegemonic culture and a marginalized culture, representations of the tango in the United States both create and reinforce a master discourse that inextricably ties the tango to an exoticized and eroticized Latin “Other.”

I conclude by discuss how the racialized and sexualized narratives discussed throughout this paper are integrated into contemporary performance of the tango. I draw on ethnographic research with tango communities throughout the United States to illustrate how 20th century filmic representations of the tango continue to motivate, influence, and inform how, when, and why the Argentine tango is performed by U.S. dancers and musicians. Films analyzed include Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, Some Like it Hot, Last Tango in Paris, and The Scent of a Woman, as well as a variety of lesser-known films and television advertisements. Although a large variety of 20th century films feature the tango, the films discussed in this paper were selected for analysis due to the frequency with which they are referenced by tango aficionados and contemporary tango dancers, musicians, and deejays performing throughout the United States today.
Abusive supervision and employees' job performance: A multiple mediation model
Authors: Chen Zhi-xia , Wang Hong-yan
Published: June 2017

We explored the relationship between abusive supervision (AS) and employee job performance (EJP) by conducting a survey of a group of employees (N = 630) of Chinese public and private companies. We investigated possible mediation in the relationship by leadership justice, supervisory
trust, and self-efficacy from three perspectives, namely, self-concept and individual socialization, organizational justice, and leader–member exchange. The results showed that there was a negative relationship between AS and EJP that was mediated by leadership justice, supervisory trust,
and self-efficacy. We also found that the negative relationship between AS and EJP was affected by the joint mediating effect of leadership justice and supervisory trust. Implications for academicians and practitioners are discussed.
Gas turbine advanced power systems to improve solid oxide fuel cell economic viability
Authors: Zaccaria Valentina , Tucker David , Traverso Alberto
Published: June 2017

Coupling a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with a gas turbine provides a substantial increment in system efficiency compared to the separate technologies, which can potentially introduce economic benefits and favor an early market penetration of fuel cells. Currently, the economic viability of such systems is limited by fuel cell short lifetime due to a progressive performance degradation that leads to cell failure. Mitigating these phenomena would have a significant impact on system economic feasibility. In this study, the lifetime of a standalone, atmospheric SOFC system was compared to a pressurized SOFC gas turbine hybrid and an economic analysis was performed. In both cases, the power production was required to be constant over time, with significantly different results for the two systems in terms of fuel cell operating life, system efficiency, and economic return. In the hybrid system, an extended fuel cell lifetime is achieved while maintaining high system efficiency and improving economic performance. In this work, the optimal power density was determined for the standalone fuel cell in order to have the best economic performance. Nevertheless, the hybrid system showed better economic performance, and it was less affected by the stack cost.
Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Curricula in US Medical Schools: A CERA Study
Authors: Chen Frederick  M. , Overstreet Frederica , Cole Allison  M. , Kost Amanda , Brown Speights Joedrecka S.
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Health disparities among African Americans are an historic and pervasive problem in US health care. We examined the presence, requirements, and content of curricula in US medical schools dedicated to racial and ethnic health disparities.
Methods: We conducted a national CERA survey of Family Medicine department chairs. Chairs were asked about disparities curricula in their institutions.
Results: Ninety-two percent reported that their medical school curriculum included focus on racial and ethnic disparities. However, many were dissatisfied with the content and quality of their curricular offerings. There were no significant departmental predictors of the quality of health disparities curricula.
Conclusion: The majority of medical schools address health disparities in their curricula, but optimally covering this important content remains a persistent challenge in medical school education.
Thyroid Function Abnormalities among Hospital Patients of Hilly Nepal
Authors: Dangol Raj Krishna , Lanjekar Priya , Pulipati Chandrashekhar
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction stands as the second most common endocrine disease after diabetes mellitus. National reports on its prevalence are meagre. Hence, the study was conducted with the objective of exploring the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among hospital patients of hilly region of Nepal.

Methods: A hospital based, retrospective, analytical study was conducted in the department of biochemistry, Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital (LMCTH) from 15th February 2017 to 30th April 2017. The hospital records of patients from March 2014 to mid-February 2017 with suspected thyroid dysfunction and presented from different departments of hospital were reviewed. Data was entered in Excel 2007 and analysis was done with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-21). Necessary descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done. P value less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.

Results: Out of 3136 subjects, 601 (19.2%) were male and 2535 (80.8%) were female with F:M ratio of 4.2:1. Female were more likely to be suspected of thyroid dysfunction. Mean age of male was 39.28 years (SD = 19.01) and that of female was 39.60 years (SD = 14.63). Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 23.31%. Correlation of log10 TSH with age showed a significant relation (r = -0.05, p = 0.003).  Age group and thyroid function category among female patients was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.01).

Conclusion: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was high in Tansen region, a hilly mid-west Nepal. Female above 40 yrs (post reproductive age) and male above 60 yrs (elderly group) were more prone to thyroid disorders. Also, the study revealed that younger people are more likely to be euthyroid whereas as age advances, people are likely to be either hypothyroid or hyperthyroid. These findings can be a guide for elaborative research in thyroid disorder in future.
Do the FASB's Standards Add Shareholder Value?
Authors: Khan Urooj , Li Bin , Rajgopal Shivaram , Venkatachalam Mohan
Published: June 2017

We examine the cost-effectiveness, from the shareholders' perspective, of the accounting standards issued by the FASB during 1973–2009. We evaluate (1) the stock market reactions of firms affected by the standards surrounding events that changed the standard's probability of issuance; and (2) whether the market reactions are related, in the cross-section, to agency problems, information asymmetry, proprietary costs, contracting costs, and changes in estimation risk. The average standard is a non-event from the investors' perspective because 104 of the 138 standards examined are associated with no change in shareholder value. Nineteen (15) standards are associated with a decrease (increase) in shareholder value. Surprisingly, 25 standards are associated with an increase in estimation risk. In the cross-section, firms with higher levels of information asymmetry, lower contracting costs, and a decrease in estimation risk experience most positive returns.
Pivotal Role of O-GlcNAc Modification in Cold-Induced Thermogenesis by Brown Adipose Tissue Through Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Authors: Ohashi Natsuko , Morino Katsutaro , Ida Shogo , Sekine Osamu , Lemecha Mengistu , Kume Shinji , Park Shi-Young , Choi Cheol Soo , Ugi Satoshi , Maegawa Hiroshi
Published: June 2017

Adipose tissues considerably influence metabolic homeostasis, and both white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue play significant roles in lipid and glucose metabolism. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is characterized by the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to various proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (Ogt), subsequently modulating various cellular processes. However, little is known about the role of O-GlcNAc modification in adipose tissues. Here, we report the critical role of O-GlcNAc modification in cold-induced thermogenesis. Deletion of Ogt in WAT and BAT using adiponectin promoter–driven Cre recombinase resulted in severe cold intolerance with decreased uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression. Furthermore, Ogt deletion led to decreased mitochondrial protein expression in conjunction with decreased peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α protein expression. This phenotype was further confirmed by deletion of Ogt in BAT using Ucp1 promoter–driven Cre recombinase, suggesting that O-GlcNAc modification in BAT is responsible for cold-induced thermogenesis. Hypothermia was significant under fasting conditions. This effect was mitigated after normal diet consumption but not after consumption of a fatty acid–rich ketogenic diet lacking carbohydrates, suggesting impaired diet-induced thermogenesis, particularly by fat. In conclusion, O-GlcNAc modification is essential for cold-induced thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis in BAT. Glucose flux into BAT may be a signal to maintain BAT physiological responses.
Tajunnanlaajentajia – rekisteri-ilmiöitä ristiin rastiin
Authors: Lehtonen Heini
Published: June 2017

Arvioitu teos:

Asif Agha & Frog (toim.): Registers of communication. Studia Fennica Linguistica 18. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura 2015. 339 s. isbn 978-952-222-673-078.
The Effect Playing Online GamesOn The Players
Authors: Akami J.S Christopher
Published: June 2017

Online game is a game that requires internet connection to play and while playing a lot of individuals do not care about a lot of things. Games can also influence the gamers to have bad behavior. However, playing online games can be exciting although only playing for a moment.
Information System of Graduation in Administration and Academic Bureau Soegijapranata Catholic University
Authors: Widiantoro Albertus Dwiyoga
Published: June 2017

The development of online graduation system becomes a necessity because it is expected that the graduation registration system can be conducted and finished fast and the data can be straored safelyThe system helps in the process of administration in terms of inspection files and financial report by the authorities more quickly. From the student side of the system is very helpful in checking the online registration process.
Design of Educational Games of The introduction of Nutritious Food For Kids
Authors: Mulyaningsih Sri Desi , Chandrawati Brenda , Prasetya Hendra
Published: June 2017

Keeping the food supply is done continuously since we were a child. But in fact, children’s awareness of having balanced – nutrition of dietary habit is still limited.Then the idea to develop educational game to introduce nutritious food to children came. The results of the study generates that 29 out of 30 respondents had never played an educational game with the material related to nutritious food. And all the respondents said that they wereall interested in the idea of developing educational game to introduce nutritious food to children
The design of Visual Support Educational Games Dental and Oral Health
Authors: Fitriana Desy Nur , Chandrawati T. Brenda
Published: June 2017

Game is one of the e-learning are quite popular among children, because in our educational games not only play games but also we can learn something new. Knowledge of oral health education is packaged in an educational game in the visual depiction good with children will better understand the purpose of delivering education that can be applied in everyday life. And in this paper will discuss game design visualization in dental and oral health education so that children can be in demand in the form of a game gadget or smartphone.
Utilization of Technology as Promotion Media of Cultural Tourism in Central Java
Authors: Mayo Veinta Sonrizky , Sanjaya Ridwan , Widyarto Dwiyoga
Published: June 2017

Tourism is one industry that is growing rapidly. Lots of models are offered and one of them is cultural tourism. One example of cultural tourism is a temple and a museum. In addition to the introduction through the temples and museums, the government's approach to conduct activities such as Dieng Culture Festival. Within these activities, the public can know more about the traditional ceremonial and moral values of Dieng. However, interest in the festival began to decrease each year. That's because the lack of a media campaign that resulted in people becoming not know and less concerned about the cultural tourism. If it continues, the cultural attractions such as museums will sink and disappear eroded by age. In this study, will discuss ways of promoting cultural tourism through the use of technology so that cultural tourism can be known internationally
Children Safety: Education Game for Childs Sex Education
Authors: As'ari Fajar , Prasetya Hendra , Sanjaya Ridwan
Published: June 2017

Some people still cannot talk freely about sex education. On the other hand, some of them have an assumption about teaching sex education will leads to free sex behavior. Sometimes parent afraid to talk about sex education with their children, even some parent think sex education is not important thing for children.However, in fact children need to know about sex education for their own good. To children, sex education is to explain differences in male and female and to know well about themselves. Create media to deliver sex education is the way to teach children about sex education. Among many media, game is one option to deliver this education.This research will discuss about game for childs sex media education. Use game as sex media education because game has capability to deliver message. Through game concept, picture, and animation, game deliver childs sex education to children. With the objective to prevent child from sexual abuse. However, when children play the game they need companion to make clear that children understand the meaning of game message through game story.
PENGARUH AKTIVITAS PENUNJANG WISATA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TATA RUANG DESA DAN TATA RUANG RUMAH TINGGAL STUDI KASUS: DESA WISATA BEJIHARJO, YOGYAKARTA (The Influence of Tourism Supporting Activity toward The Spatial Changes in Village and houses, Case Study
Authors: Fajari Safinta Rhosa , Suprapti Atiek , Supriyadi Bambang
Published: June 2017

Yogyakarta is the Indonesias province that has strong traditional tourism attractions. One of them is tourism villages. This study was taken place in Desa Wisata Bejiharjo, Kecamatan Karangmojo, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study was to know the spatial change that has occured in Dusun Glaran I and Dusun Bulu as a result of the addition of new activities as tourism villages, and further to know the factors that has affected to the changes. This study used the qualitative rationalistic method with spatial and socio-cultural theory as the grand theory based on related theory. Data collection was done by observation and purposive sampling interview. Data analysis was done based on the variables formulated. In conclusion, the spatial space in Desa Bejiharjo has changed. The spatial space in Dusun Glaran I have changed because of the growing tourism activities which concentrated in certain area. As a result, the village patterns has changed and developed closer to the certain facilities. In the contrary, the spatial space in Dusun Bulu tend to be static because the lack of tourism activities. For gotong royong aspect, it was found that in both villages, it has well established. However, if modernity and individualistic aspects began to affect Dusun Glaran I, the keguyuban aspect will begin to disappear