bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic Prediction of Pregnancy Viability in Superovulated Cattle Embryos and Recipients with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Muñoz Marta , Uyar Asli , Correia Eva , Ponsart Claire , Guyader-Joly Catherine , Martínez-Bello Daniel , Marquant-Le Guienne Brigitte , Fernandez-Gonzalez Alfonso , Díez Carmen , Caamaño Jose Nestor , Trigal Beatriz , Humblot Patrice , Carrocera Susana , Martin David , Seli Emre , Gomez Enrique
Published: April 2014

We analyzed embryo culture medium (CM) and recipient blood plasma using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) metabolomics to identify spectral models predictive of pregnancy outcome. Embryos collected on Day 6 from superovulated cows in 2 countries were individually cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid medium with BSA for 24 h before embryo transfer. Spent CM, blank controls, and plasma samples (Day 0 and Day 7) were evaluated using FTIR. The spectra obtained were analyzed. The discrimination capability of the classifiers was assessed for accuracy, sensitivity (pregnancy), specificity (nonpregnancy), and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Endpoints considered were Day 60 pregnancy and birth. High AUC was obtained for Day 60 pregnancy in CM within individual laboratories (FranceAUC=0.751±0.039, SpainAUC=0.718±0.024), while cumulative data decreased the AUC (AUC=0.604 ± 0.029). Predictions for CM at birth were lower than Day 60 pregnancy. Predictions with plasma at birth improved cumulative over individual results (Day 0: FranceAUC=0.690±0.044; SpainAUC<0.55; cumulativeAUC=0.747±0.032). Plasma generally predicted pregnancy and birth better than CM. These first results show that FTIR metabolomics could allow the identification of embryos and recipients with improved pregnancy viability, which may contribute to increasing the efficiency of selection schemes based on ET.
A Novel Self-Adaptive Trust Region Algorithm for Unconstrained Optimization
Authors: Lu Yunlong , Li Wenyu , Cao Mingyuan , Yang Yueting
Published: April 2014

A new self-adaptive rule of trust region radius is introduced, which is given by a piecewise function on the ratio between the actual and predicted reductions of the objective function. A self-adaptive trust region method for unconstrained optimization problems is presented. The convergence properties of the method are established under reasonable assumptions. Preliminary numerical results show that the new method is significant and robust for solving unconstrained optimization problems.
Existence of Positive Solutions of One‐Dimensional Prescribed Mean Curvature Equation
Authors: Ma Ruyun , Jiang Lingfang
Published: April 2014

We consider the existence of positive solutions of one‐dimensional prescribed mean curvature equation , 0 < t < 1, u(t) > 0, t ∈ (0, 1), u(0) = u(1) = 0 where λ > 0 is a parameter, and f : [0, ∞)→[0, ∞) is continuous. Further, when f satisfies max{up, uq} ≤ f(u) ≤ up + uq, 0 < p ≤ q < +∞, we obtain the exact number of positive solutions. The main results are based upon quadrature method.
On Nonlinear Inverse Problems of Heat Transfer with Radiation Boundary Conditions: Application to Dehydration of Gypsum Plasterboards Exposed to Fire
Authors: Belmiloudi A. , Mahé F.
Published: April 2014

The paper investigates boundary optimal controls and parameter estimates to the well-posedness nonlinear model of dehydration of thermic problems. We summarize the general formulations for the boundary control for initial-boundary value problem for nonlinear partial differential equations modeling the heat transfer and derive necessary optimality conditions, including the adjoint equation, for the optimal set of parameters minimizing objective functions J. Numerical simulations illustrate several numerical optimization methods, examples, and realistic cases, in which several interesting phenomena are observed. A large amount of computational effort is required to solve the coupled state equation and the adjoint equation (which is backwards in time), and the algebraic gradient equation (which implements the coupling between the adjoint and control variables). The state and adjoint equations are solved using the finite element method.
A Summary Review of Correlations between Temperatures and Vibration Properties of Long‐Span Bridges
Authors: Zhou Guang-Dong , Yi Ting-Hua
Published: April 2014

The shift of modal parameters induced by temperature fluctuation may mask the changes of vibration properties caused by structural damage and result in false structural condition identification. Thoroughly understanding the temperature effects on vibration properties of long‐span bridges becomes an especially important issue before vibration‐based damage detection methodologies are applied in real bridges. This paper presents an overview of current research activities and developments in the field of correlations between temperatures and vibration properties of long‐span bridges. The theoretical derivation methods using classical structural dynamics and closed‐form formulations are first briefly introduced. Then the trend analysis methods that are intended to extract the degree of variability in vibration property under temperature variation for different bridges by numerical analysis, laboratory test, or field monitoring are reviewed in detail. Following that, the development of quantitative models to quantify the temperature influence on vibration properties is discussed including the linear model, nonlinear model, and learning model. Finally, some promising research efforts for promoting the study of correlations between temperatures and vibration properties of long‐span bridges are suggested.
Immunomodulatory Effect of Red Onion (Allium cepaLinn) Scale Extract on Experimentally Induced Atypical Prostatic Hyperplasia in Wistar Rats
Authors: Elberry Ahmed A. , Mufti Shagufta , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah , Abdel Sattar Essam , Ghareib Salah A. , Mosli Hisham A. , Gabr Salah A.
Published: April 2014

Red onion scales (ROS) contain large amounts of flavonoids that are responsible for the reported antioxidant activity, immune enhancement, and anticancer property. Atypical prostatic hyperplasia (APH) was induced in adult castrated Wistar rats by both s.c. injection of testosterone (0.5 mg/rat/day) and by smearing citral on shaved skin once every 3 days for 30 days. Saw palmetto (100 mg/kg) as a positive control and ROS suspension at doses of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day were given orally every day for 30 days. All medications were started 7 days after castration and along with testosterone and citral. The HPLC profile of ROS methanolic extract displayed two major peaks identified as quercetin and quercetin-4′-β-O-D-glucoside. Histopathological examination of APH-induced prostatic rats revealed evidence of hyperplasia and inflammation with cellular proliferation and reduced apoptosis Immunohistochemistry showed increased tissue expressions of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IGF-1, and clusterin, while TGF-β1 was decreased, which correlates with the presence of inflammation. Both saw palmetto and RO scale treatment have ameliorated these changes. These ameliorative effects were more evident in RO scale groups and were dose dependent. In conclusion, methanolic extract of ROS showed a protective effect against APH induced rats that may be attributed to potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
Ghostman: Augmented Reality Application for Telerehabilitation and Remote Instruction of a Novel Motor Skill
Authors: Chinthammit Winyu , Merritt Troy , Pedersen Scott , Williams Andrew , Visentin Denis , Rowe Robert , Furness Thomas
Published: April 2014

This paper describes a pilot study using a prototype telerehabilitation system (Ghostman). Ghostman is a visual augmentation system designed to allow a physical therapist and patient to inhabit each other’s viewpoint in an augmented real-world environment. This allows the therapist to deliver instruction remotely and observe performance of a motor skill through the patient’s point of view. In a pilot study, we investigated the efficacy of Ghostman by using it to teach participants to use chopsticks. Participants were randomized to a single training session, receiving either Ghostman or face-to-face instructions by the same skilled instructor. Learning was assessed by measuring retention of skills at 24-hour and 7-day post instruction. As hypothesised, there were no differences in reduction of error or time to completion between participants using Ghostman compared to those receiving face-to-face instruction. These initial results in a healthy population are promising and demonstrate the potential application of this technology to patients requiring learning or relearning of motor skills as may be required following a stroke or brain injury.
A Study on the Association between Low Maternal Serum Magnesium Level and Preterm Labour
Authors: Okunade Kehinde S. , Oluwole Ayodeji A. , Adegbesan-Omilabu Maymunah A.
Published: April 2014

Objectives.The study was aimed to assess the association between low maternal serum magnesium levels and preterm labour.Methods.It is a cross-sectional case-control study in which eligible participants were pregnant women admitted in labour within the labour ward complex of a Lagos tertiary hospital. Relevant data were extracted from the case records of these women and blood samples were obtained from all participants and serum magnesium levels measured.Results.The study showed that 36% of the study patients had varying degrees of hypomagnesaemia. The relative risk indicates that preterm labour is 1.83 times higher among the patients with low serum magnesium (less than 1.6 mg/dL). The mean difference in serum magnesium levels in both groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion.We can infer that low serum magnesium (hypomagnesaemia) is associated with preterm onset of labour. We can, also from this finding, formulate a proposition that would help in preventing preterm labour and birth with the use of prophylactic oral magnesium supplementation among patients with higher risk for development of preterm labour.
Bifurcations in a Nonlinear Dynamical Model between Western Pacific Subtropical High Ridge Line Index and Its Summer Monsoon Impact Factors
Authors: Hong Mei , Zhang Ren , Qian Longxia , Ge Jingjing , Chen Jian
Published: April 2014

The western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is closely related to Asian climate. Previous studies have shown that a precise dynamical model focusing on the interaction between WPSH and other summer monsoon factors has not been developed. Based on the concept of dynamical model reconstruction, this paper reconstructs a nonlinear dynamical model of subtropical high ridge line (SHRL) and summer monsoon factors from recent 20 years data. Then, using genetic algorithm (GA), model inversion and model parameter optimization are carried out. Based on the reconstructed dynamical model, dynamical characteristics of SHRL are analyzed and an aberrance mechanism is developed, in which the external forcings resulting in the WPSH anomalies are explored. Results show that the configuration and diversification of the SHRL equilibriums have better represented the abnormal activities of the SHRL in short and medium term. Change of SHRL brought by the combination of equilibriums is more complex than that brought by mutation. The mutation behavior from high-value to low-value equilibriums of the SHRL in summer corresponds with the southward drop of the SHRL. The combination behavior of the two steady equilibriums corresponds with disappearance of the “double-ridge” phenomenon of WPSH. Dynamical mechanisms of these phenomena are explained.
Group Classification of a General Bond-Option Pricing Equation of Mathematical Finance
Authors: Motsepa Tanki , Khalique Chaudry Masood , Molati Motlatsi
Published: April 2014

We carry out group classification of a general bond-option pricing equation. We show that the equation admits a three-dimensional equivalence Lie algebra. We also show that some of the values of the constants which result from group classification give us well-known models in mathematics of finance such as Black-Scholes, Vasicek, and Cox-Ingersoll-Ross. For all such values of these arbitrary constants we obtain Lie point symmetries. Symmetry reductions are then obtained and group invariant solutions are constructed for some cases.
Influence of Temperature on Characters of Thermoelectric Generators Based on Test Bed
Authors: Ma Zongzheng , Wang Xinli , Yang Anjie
Published: April 2014

In order to achieve the energy recovery of the coolant heat for internal combustion engine (ICE) using the thermoelectric generation (TEG) technology, one test bed for studying the influence of temperature on the characters of thermoelectric generators was established and the relationship between the temperature and characters of thermoelectric generator was researched based on it. The results showed that the cooling effect improved with the increase of fan speed which the fan was installed in the vertical direction of the radiator, but the cooling effect had a limit speed value. And it also indicated that the forced air cooling was better than the natural convection cooling method which can effectively reduce the temperature of the cold end while it has little effect on the hot end temperature. Moreover, the Seebeck coefficient was reduced with the increase of temperature difference between the two ends of thermoelectric generator and the Seebeck coefficient was also declined with one end temperature rise when the other end temperature was constant.
A Staged Surgical Treatment Outcome of Type 3 Open Tibial Fractures
Authors: Aslan Ahmet , Uysal Emin , Özmeriç Ahmet
Published: April 2014

Aim. In these case series which are about type 3 open tibial fractures formed with three different high energy trauma etiologies in different parts of tibia. We aimed to assess our three-stage treatment approach and discuss final results of our elective surgery management with three different fixation methods.Patients and Methods. We assessed 19 patients with type 3 open tibial fractures between 2009 and 2012. Our treatment protocol consisted of three stages. Early intervention in operating room, which including vascular repairs or soft tissue closure, was done if necessary. Definitive surgery was performed using internal or external fixation in the first 15 days. Patients were followed up for at least one year. Last conditions of all our cases were evaluated according to modified Johner and Wruhs criteria.Results. Nine cases were type 3A, seven cases were type 3B, and three cases were type 3C in terms of fracture typing. All patients were followed up for at least one year and mean follow up time was 15 months. In terms of functional and clinical outcome, six cases were evaluated as excellent, eight cases as good, two cases as fair, and three cases as poor.Discussion. Staged treatment option in type 3 open tibial fractures seems to be a good method in reducing complication and achieving the best result. We think that definitive staged treatment protocol including internal fixation with plating or intramedullary nailing (IMN) of the fractures is a reliable method, especially to avoid complications as a result of external fixator and to provide patient rapport.
Global and Blow-Up Solutions for Nonlinear Hyperbolic Equations with Initial-Boundary Conditions
Authors: Dinlemez Ülkü , Aktaş Esra
Published: April 2014

We consider an initial-boundary value problem to a nonlinear string equations with linear damping term. It is proved that under suitable conditions the solution is global in time and the solution with a negative initial energy blows up in finite time.
Human Antibody Response toAedes albopictusSalivary Proteins: A Potential Biomarker to Evaluate the Efficacy of Vector Control in an Area of Chikungunya and Dengue Virus Transmission
Authors: Doucoure Souleymane , Mouchet François , Cornelie Sylvie , Drame Papa Makhtar , D’Ortenzio Eric , DeHecq Jean Sébastien , Remoue Franck
Published: April 2014

Aedesborne viruses represent public health problems in southern countries and threat to emerge in the developed world. Their control is currently based on vector population control. Much effort is being devoted to develop new tools to control such arbovirus. Recent findings suggest that the evaluation of human antibody (Ab) response to arthropod salivary proteins is relevant to measuring the level of human exposure to mosquito bites. Using an immunoepidemiological approach, the present study aimed to assess the usefulness of the salivary biomarker for measuring the efficacy ofAe. albopictuscontrol strategies in La Reunion urban area. The antisaliva Ab response of adult humans exposed toAe. albopictuswas evaluatedbefore and after vector control measures. Our results showed a significant correlation between antisaliva Ab response and the level of exposure to vectors bites. The decrease ofAe.albopictusdensity has been detected by this biomarker two weeks after the implementation of control measures, suggesting its potential usefulness for evaluating control strategies in a short time period. The identification of species specific salivary proteins/peptides should improve the use of this biomarker.
The Use of Session RPE to Monitor the Intensity of Weight Training in Older Women: Acute Responses to Eccentric, Concentric, and Dynamic Exercises
Authors: Ferreira Sandro S. , Krinski Kleverton , Alves Ragami C. , Benites Mariana L. , Redkva Paulo E. , Elsangedy Hassan M. , Buzzachera Cosme F. , Souza-Junior Tácito P. , da Silva Sergio G.
Published: April 2014

The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is ability to detect and interpret organic sensations while performing exercises. This method has been used to measure the level of effort that is felt during weight-training at a given intensity. The purpose of this investigation was to compare session RPE values with those of traditional RPE measurements for different weight-training muscle actions, performed together or separately. Fourteen women with no former weight-training experience were recruited for the investigation. All participants completed five sessions of exercise: familiarization, maximum force, concentric-only (CONC-only), eccentric-only (ECC-only), and dynamic (DYN = CONC + ECC). The traditional RPE method was measured after each series of exercises, and the session RPE was measured 30 min after the end of the training session. The statistical analyses used were the pairedt-test, one-way analysis of variance, and repeated measures analysis of variance. Significant differences between traditional RPE and session RPE for DYN, CONC, and ECC exercises were not found. This investigation demonstrated that session RPE is similar to traditional RPE in terms of weight-training involving concentric, eccentric, or dynamic muscle exercises, and that it can be used to prescribe and monitor weight-training sessions in older subjects.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening andIn VitroAntioxidant Activities ofParkinsonia aculeataLinn.
Authors: Sharma Sonia , Vig Adarsh Pal
Published: April 2014

Butanol and hexane leaves extracts ofParkinsonia aculeataL. (Fabaceae) were assessed for its antioxidant potential byin vitromethods. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of plant extracts were studied using differentin vitroassays. UPLC analysis of extracts was carried out for the identification of chemical constituents. The total phenolic contents of the butanol and hexane leaf extract were 42 mgGAE/g and 34 mgGAE/g whereas flavonoid contents of these extracts were found to be 0.044 mgRE/g and 0.005 mgRE/g, respectively. Among both extracts, butanol extract shows maximum inhibition (%) of 93.88%, 80.02%, 52.06%, 94.68%, and 69.37% in DPPH, non-site-specific and site-specific, FTC, and TBA assays and absorbance of 0.852 and 0.522 in reducing power and CUPRAC assay at the highest concentration tested. The FRAP and TAC values of butanol extract were found to be 678 μM Fe(II)/g and 36 mgAAE/100 mg. UPLC analysis of extracts revealed the presence of various polyphenols. The tested plant extracts were found to possess potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity which may be due to the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols.
A Game-Theoretical Approach to Multimedia Social Networks Security
Authors: Liu Enqiang , Liu Zengliang , Shao Fei , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: April 2014

The contents access and sharing in multimedia social networks (MSNs) mainly rely on access control models and mechanisms. Simple adoptions of security policies in the traditional access control model cannot effectively establish a trust relationship among parties. This paper proposed a novel two-party trust architecture (TPTA) to apply in a generic MSN scenario. According to the architecture, security policies are adopted through game-theoretic analyses and decisions. Based on formalized utilities of security policies and security rules, the choice of security policies in content access is described as a game between the content provider and the content requester. By the game method for the combination of security policies utility and its influences on each party’s benefits, the Nash equilibrium is achieved, that is, an optimal and stable combination of security policies, to establish and enhance trust among stakeholders.
Recent Developments in Topical Wound Therapy: Impact of Antimicrobiological Changes and Rebalancing the Wound Milieu
Authors: Erfurt-Berge Cornelia , Renner Regina
Published: April 2014

Wound therapy improves every year by developing new wound treatment options or by advancing already existing wound materials, for example, adding self-releasing analgesic drugs or growth factors to wound dressings, or by binding and inactivating excessive proteases. Also new dressing materials based on silk fibers and enhanced methods to reduce bacterial burden, for example, cold argon plasma, might help to fasten wound healing.
Outage Performance of CRNs with Best Relay Selection in Dependent Nonidentical Distributed Nakagami‐m Channels
Authors: Zhang Zongsheng , Wang Jinlong , Wu Qihui , Pi Xurong
Published: April 2014

The outage performance with best relay selection is proposed for cognitive relay networks with multiple primary users in independent nonidentical distributed Nakagami‐m fading channels. Specifically, we take the interference temperature and fading severity into consideration. Exact closed‐form expression of outage probability is derived. Based on the exact closed‐form expression, we can evaluate the impact of interference temperature, fading severity, number of relays, and number of primary users on the secondary network. Finally, the effects of fading severity, number of relays, number
of primary users, and interference temperature on the system performance are examined through some representative numerical plots, and the Monte Carlo results match perfectly with theory results which validates our theory analysis.
Existence and Uniqueness of Positive Solutions for a Fractional Switched System
Authors: Lv Zhi-Wei , Chen Bao-Feng
Published: April 2014

We discuss the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions for the following fractional switched system: (Dc0+αu(t)+fσ(t)(t,u(t))+gσ(t)(t,u(t))=0,t∈J=[0,1]);(u(0)=u′′(0)=0,u(1)=∫01u(s) ds), whereDc0+αis the Caputo fractional derivative with2<α≤3,σ(t):J→{1,2,…,N}is a piecewise constant function depending ont, andℝ+=[0,+∞),  fi,gi∈C[J×ℝ+,ℝ+],i=1,2,…,N. Our results are based on a fixed point theorem of a sum operator and contraction mapping principle. Furthermore, two examples are also given to illustrate the results.
Serum Level of Antibody against Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide-DNA Adducts in People Dermally Exposed to PAHs
Authors: Borska Lenka , Andrys Ctirad , Krejsek Jan , Palicka Vladimir , Chmelarova Marcela , Hamakova Kvetoslava , Kremlacek Jan , Borsky Pavel , Fiala Zdenek
Published: April 2014

Some specific antibodies indicate the presence of antigenic structures on DNA (DNA adducts) that can play an important role in the process of mutagenesis and/or carcinogenesis. They indicate the presence of increased genotoxic potential (hazard) prior to the formation of disease (primary prevention). The present study was focused on the serum level of benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide-DNA adducts antibodies (anti-BPDE-DNA) in psoriatic patients(n=55)dermally exposed to different levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The general goal of the study was to contribute to better understanding of the value of the assumed biomarker (anti-BPDE-DNA) for evaluation of the organism's answer to genotoxic exposure to PAHs. Elevated level of exposure to PAHs resulted in the increased level of anti-BPDE-DNA. However, almost all levels of anti-BPDE-DNA ranged within the field of low values. Both variants of GT (CCT-3% and CCT-5%) induced higher expression of anti-BPDE-DNA in the group of nonsmokers. Significant relations between the level of anti-BPDE-DNA and PASI score, total duration of the therapy, or time of UVR exposure were not found. Further studies are needed to reduce interpretation uncertainty of this promising bioindicator.
Differential Game Analyses of Logistics Service Supply Chain Coordination by Cost Sharing Contract
Authors: Zhao Haifeng , Lin Bin , Mao Wanqing , Ye Yang
Published: April 2014

Cooperation of all the members in a supply chain plays an important role in logistics service. The service integrator can encourage cooperation from service suppliers by sharing their cost during the service, which we assume can increase the sales by accumulating the reputation of the supply chain. A differential game model is established with the logistics service supply chain that consists of one service integrator and one supplier. And we derive the optimal solutions of the Nash equilibrium without cost sharing contract and the Stackelberg equilibrium with the integrator as the leader who partially shares the cost of the efforts of the supplier. The results make the benefits of the cost sharing contract in increasing the profits of both players as well as the whole supply chain explicit, which means that the cost sharing contract is an effective coordination mechanism in the long-term relationship of the members in a logistics service supply chain.
Factors Influencing Adaptation and Performance at Physical Exercise in Complex Congenital Heart Diseases after Surgical Repair
Authors: Bassareo P. P. , Saba L. , Solla P. , Barbanti C. , Marras A. R. , Mercuro G.
Published: April 2014

In the last thirty years, steady progress in the diagnostic tools and care of subjects affected by congenital heart diseases (CHD) has resulted in a significant increase in their survival to adulthood, even for those affected by complex CHD. Based on these premises, a number of teenagers and adults affected by corrected (surgically or through interventional techniques) CHD ask to be allowed to undertake sporting activities, both at a recreational and competitive level. The purpose of this review is to examine the mechanisms influencing the adaption at physical exercise of patients suffering from complex CHD. The conclusion is that even if there are some modest risks with exercise, they should be seen in perspective, and the life-long benefits of regular exercise on general health, mood, and well-being should be emphasized.
Unicity of Meromorphic Functions Sharing Sets with Their Linear Difference Polynomials
Authors: Li Sheng , Chen BaoQin
Published: April 2014

We mainly investigate the unicity of meromorphic functions sharing two or three sets with their linear difference polynomials and prove some results.
Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Framework of Regional Ecosystem under the Global Climate Change Background
Authors: Wang Qiao , Hou Peng , Zhang Feng , Wang Changzuo
Published: April 2014

Global changes are driving ecosystem alterations, and the effects are becoming more and more obvious. Ecosystem management clarifies the fundamental supporting functions of ecosystems for human survival and sustainable development. Integrated ecosystem monitoring and assessment has become a popular topic of ecology study. However, many scientific questions need to be addressed, including what assessment contents and methods are optimal for temporal and spatial measurements. Therefore, the development of a scientific evaluation framework that includes certain core contents and indicators is very important. This paper proposes a regional integrated ecosystem assessment framework involving comprehensive monitoring. Satellite images are the main data source for different ecosystem and ecological parameters, and these need to be supplemented with the help of surveys or field observation data. A healthy ecosystem is the basis of human survival and sustainable development, and ecological service should be taken as the core of integrated ecosystem assessment. This is decided by the spatial distribution, classification, and patterns of regional ecosystems. That is to say, ecological service, together with ecosystems distribution and pattern, ecological problem indicators, and ecological stress, needs to be integrated analyzed and evaluated.
The Association between Serological Biomarkers and Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome Associated with Peripheral Polyneuropathy
Authors: Hsu Che-Wei , Su Yu-Jih , Chang Wen-Neng , Tsai Nai-Wen , Chiu Wen-Chan , Cheng Ben-Chung , Su Chih-Min , Huang Chi-Ren , Chang Ya-Ting , Lu Cheng-Hsien
Published: April 2014

Background and Aim. The sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers used for predicting peripheral neuropathy of Sjogren’s syndrome (SJS) patients remain unsatisfactory. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of circulating autoantibodies levels in SJS patients with peripheral neuropathy.Methods. Two hundred and fifty serological positive (either anti-Ro or anti-La positive) SJS patients’ data were collected retrospectively. The titers of autoantibodies, electrophysiology reports, and clinical manifestation were reviewed.Results. The prevalence rate of peripheral neuropathy is 7.2% in our study. Regarding classification of peripheral neuropathy, 12 had mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy, six had cranial neuropathy. After stepwise logistic regression analysis, anti-β2 glycoprotein I (aβ2GP I) and perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) were significantly associated with peripheral neuropathy in serology positive SJS (P=0.01,P=0.046, resp.).Conclusion. The occurrence of peripheral neuropathy among SJS patients is not frequent and easily overlooked. Our study demonstrated that aβ2GP I and p-ANCA levels may imply the danger of the occurrence of neuropathy in SJS patients, and they can be considered a biomarker that should be added to the panel of conventional autoantibody in SJS patients.
A New Definition of Fractional Derivatives Based on Truncated Left-Handed Grünwald-Letnikov Formula with0<α<1and Median Correction
Authors: Liao Zhiwu
Published: April 2014

We propose a new definition of fractional derivatives based on truncated left-handed Grünwald-Letnikov formula with0<α<1and median correction. Analyzing the difficulties to choose the fractional orders and unsatisfied processing results in signal processing using fractional-order partial differential equations and related methods; we think that the nonzero values of the truncated fractional order derivatives in the smooth regions are major causes for these situations. In order to resolve the problem, the absolute values of truncated parts of the G-L formula are estimated by the median of signal values of the remainder parts, and then the truncated G-L formula is modified by replacing each of the original signal value to the differences of the signal value and the median. Since the sum of the coefficients of the G-L formula is zero, the median correction can reduce the truncated errors greatly to proximate G-L formula better. We also present some simulation results and experiments to support our theory analysis.
Absence of Association betweenCCR5rs333 Polymorphism and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Coral de , Amarante Marla Karine , Perim Aparecida de Lourdes , Ozawa Patricia Midori Murobushi , Hiroki Carlos , Freire Vitiello Glauco Akelinghton , Losi Guembarovski Roberta , Watanabe Maria Angelica Ehara
Published: April 2014

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disorder that originates from one single hematopoietic precursor committed to B- or T-cell lineage. Ordinarily, these cells express CCR5 chemokine receptor, which directs the immune response to a cellular pattern and is involved in cancer pathobiology. The genetic rs333 polymorphism of CCR5 (Δ32), results in a diminished receptor expression, thus leading to impaired cell trafficking. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect ofCCR5chemokine receptor rs333 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of ALL. The genotype distribution was studied in 79 patients and compared with 80 control subjects, in a childhood population of Southern Brazil. Genotyping was performed using DNA samples amplified by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). The homozygous (Δ32/Δ32) deletion was not observed in any subject involved in the study. Heterozygous genotype was not associated with ALL risk (OR 0.7%; 95% CI 0.21–2.32;P>0.05), nor recurrence status of ALL (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.13–5.48;P>0.05). This work demonstrated, for the first time, no significant differences in the frequency of the CCR5/Δ32 genotype between ALL and control groups, indicating no effect of this genetic variant on the ALL susceptibility and recurrence risk.
Positive Solutions for the Eigenvalue Problem of Semipositone Fractional Order Differential Equation with Multipoint Boundary Conditions
Authors: Dong Ge
Published: April 2014

We study the existence of positive solution for the eigenvalue problem of semipositone fractional order differential equation with multipoint boundary conditions by using known Krasnosel'skii's fixed point theorem. Some sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of at least one positive solution for eigenvalues  λ>0sufficiently small andλ>0sufficiently large are established.
Nonkeratinised Squamous Metaplasia of the Urinary Bladder in Children: A Report of Case Experiences
Authors: Jurkiewicz Beata , Ząbkowski Tomasz
Published: April 2014

Background. Squamous metaplasia refers to the pathological transformation of the urothelium leading to nonkeratinised stratified squamous metaplasia (N-KSM).Objective.To present our experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of N-KSM of the urinary bladder in children.Materials and Methods. In this study, we present our experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of N-KSM of the urinary bladder in children aged from 5 to 17 years. From 2005 to 2013, metaplasia was diagnosed in 119 patients. The reasons behind visiting the hospital were nonspecific intense pain in the abdomen, recurrent urinary tract infections, and urination disorders. The most common symptoms of urinary bladder dysfunction were pollakiuria and difficulties in initiating micturition and retention of urine (reduced detrusor muscle activity).Results. In 20/119 patients (16.8%), metaplasia was incidentally diagnosed during cystoscopy performed for other causes. The changes characteristic for squamous metaplasia were diagnosed—in all these patients, a biopsy was performed. In all 119 patients, a squamous metaplasia was histopathologically diagnosed.Conclusions.Squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder mucosa occurs in children and adolescents. Symptomatic treatment is administered mainly to improve the patients’ quality of life and disease prognosis.
Pinning Lur’e Complex Networks via Output Feedback Control
Authors: Liu Fang , Song Qiang , Cao Jinde , Lu Jianquan
Published: April 2014

Without requiring the full‐state information of network nodes, this paper studies the pinning synchronization in a network of Lur’e dynamical systems based on the output feedback control strategy. Some simple pinning conditions are established for both undirected and directed Lur’e networks by using M‐matrix theory and S‐procedure technique. With the derived stability criteria, the pinning synchronization problem of large‐scale Lur’e networks can be transformed to the test of a low‐dimensional linear matrix inequality. Some remarks are further given to address the selection of pinned nodes and the design of pinning feedback gains. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
Numerical Simulation of Flow and Suspended Sediment Transport in the Distributary Channel Networks
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jia Qiong , Chen Xiaowen
Published: April 2014

Flow and suspended sediment transport in distributary channel networks play an important role in the evolution of deltas and estuaries, as well as the coastal environment. In this study, a 1D flow and suspended sediment transport model is presented to simulate the hydrodynamics and suspended sediment transport in the distributary channel networks. The governing equations for river flow are the Saint-Venant equations and for suspended sediment transport are the nonequilibrium transport equations. The procedure of solving the governing equations is firstly to get the matrix form of the water level and suspended sediment concentration at all connected junctions by utilizing the transformation of the governing equations of the single channel. Secondly, the water level and suspended sediment concentration at all junctions can be obtained by solving these irregular spare matrix equations. Finally, the water level, discharge, and suspended sediment concentration at each river section can be calculated. The presented 1D flow and suspended sediment transport model has been applied to the Pearl River networks and can reproduce water levels, discharges, and suspended sediment concentration with good accuracy, indicating this that model can be used to simulate the hydrodynamics and suspended sediment concentration in the distributary channel networks.
Broadband Loop Antenna on Soft Contact Lens for Wireless Ocular Physiological Monitoring
Authors: Ting Ssu-Han , Jeng Bo-Ming , Chen Wen-Shan , Chiou Jin-Chern , Luo Ching-Hsing
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a novel loop antenna with broadband for wireless ocular physiological monitoring (WOPM). The antenna is fabricated on a thin-film poly-para-xylylene C (parylene C) substrate with a small thickness of 11μm and dimension ofπ×6.5×6.5 mm2. With the advantage of small size, the proposed antenna is suitable to apply to the soft contact lens and transmit the signal in microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS). Because the pig's eye and human's eye have similar parameters of conductivity and permittivity, the experimental results are obtained by applying the proposed antenna on the pig's eye and cover from 1.54 to 6 GHz for ISM band (2.4 and 5.8 GHz) applications. The measured antenna radiation patterns, antenna gains, and radiation efficiency will be demonstrated in this paper, which are suitable for application of wireless ocular physiological monitoring.
Controversies about Interspinous Process Devices in the Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spine Diseases: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Gazzeri Roberto , Galarza Marcelo , Alfieri Alex
Published: April 2014

A large number of interspinous process devices (IPD) have been recently introduced to the lumbar spine market as an alternative to conventional decompressive surgery in managing symptomatic lumbar spinal pathology, especially in the older population. Despite the fact that they are composed of a wide range of different materials including titanium, polyetheretherketone, and elastomeric compounds, the aim of these devices is to unload spine, restoring foraminal height, and stabilize the spine by distracting the spinous processes. Although the initial reports represented the IPD as a safe, effective, and minimally invasive surgical alternative for relief of neurological symptoms in patients with low back degenerative diseases, recent studies have demonstrated less impressive clinical results and higher rate of failure than initially reported. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview on interspinous implants, their mechanisms of action, safety, cost, and effectiveness in the treatment of lumbar stenosis and degenerative disc diseases.
p53 and NF-κB Coregulate Proinflammatory Gene Responses in Human Macrophages
Authors: Lowe Julie M. , Menendez Daniel , Bushel Pierre R. , Shatz Maria , Kirk Erin L. , Troester Melissa A. , Garantziotis Stavros , Fessler Michael B. , Resnick Michael A.
Published: April 2014

Macrophages are sentinel immune cells that survey the tissue microenvironment, releasing cytokines in response to both exogenous insults and endogenous events such as tumorigenesis. Macrophages mediate tumor surveillance and therapy-induced tumor regression; however, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and their products may also promote tumor progression. Whereas NF-κB is prominent in macrophage-initiated inflammatory responses, little is known about the role of p53 in macrophage responses to environmental challenge, including chemotherapy or in TAMs. Here, we report that NF-κB and p53, which generally have opposing effects in cancer cells, coregulate induction of proinflammatory genes in primary human monocytes and macrophages. Using Nutlin-3 as a tool, we demonstrate that p53 and NF-κB rapidly and highly induce interleukin (IL)-6 by binding to its promoter. Transcriptome analysis revealed global p53/NF-κB co-regulation of immune response genes, including several chemokines, which effectively induced human neutrophil migration. In addition, we show that p53, activated by tumor cell paracrine factors, induces high basal levels of macrophage IL-6 in a TAM model system [tumor-conditioned macrophages (TCM)]. Compared with normal macrophages, TCMs exhibited higher p53 levels, enhanced p53 binding to the IL-6 promoter, and reduced IL-6 levels upon p53 inhibition. Taken together, we describe a mechanism by which human macrophages integrate signals through p53 and NF-κB to drive proinflammatory cytokine induction. Our results implicate a novel role for macrophage p53 in conditioning the tumor microenvironment and suggest a potential mechanism by which p53-activating chemotherapeutics, acting upon p53-sufficient macrophages and precursor monocytes, may indirectly impact tumors lacking functional p53. Cancer Res; 74(8); 2182–92. ©2014 AACR.
Hypermethylation of theGABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224Promoter in Prostate Cancer Predicts Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Kristensen Helle , Haldrup Christa , Strand Siri , Mundbjerg Kamilla , Mortensen Martin M. , Thorsen Kasper , Ostenfeld Marie Stampe , Wild Peter J. , Arsov Christian , Goering Wolfgang , Visakorpi Tapio , Egevad Lars , Lindberg Johan , Grönberg Henrik , Høyer Søren , Borre Michael , Ørntoft Torben F. , Sørensen Karina D.
Published: April 2014

Purpose: Available tools for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis are suboptimal and novel biomarkers are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the regulation and biomarker potential of the GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 genomic locus.

Experimental Design: GABRE/miR-452/miR-224 transcriptional expression was quantified in 80 nonmalignant and 281 prostate cancer tissue samples. GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 promoter methylation was determined by methylation-specific qPCR (MethyLight) in 35 nonmalignant, 293 prostate cancer [radical prostatectomy (RP) cohort 1] and 198 prostate cancer tissue samples (RP cohort 2). Diagnostic/prognostic biomarker potential of GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 methylation was evaluated by ROC, Kaplan–Meier, uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Functional roles of miR-224 and miR-452 were investigated in PC3 and DU145 cells by viability, migration, and invasion assays and gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of posttransfection transcriptional profiling data.

Results: GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer compared with nonmalignant prostate tissue and had highly cancer-specific aberrant promoter hypermethylation (AUC = 0.98). Functional studies and GSEA suggested that miR-224 and miR-452 inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC3 and DU145 cells by direct/indirect regulation of pathways related to the cell cycle and cellular adhesion and motility. Finally, in uni- and multivariate analyses, high GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 promoter methylation was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence in RP cohort 1, which was successfully validated in RP cohort 2.

Conclusion: The GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 locus is downregulated and hypermethylated in prostate cancer and is a new promising epigenetic candidate biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Tumor-suppressive functions of the intronic miR-224 and miR-452 were demonstrated in two prostate cancer cell lines, suggesting that epigenetic silencing of GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 may be selected for in prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 20(8); 2169–81. ©2014 AACR.
Homocysteine-Lowering Therapy and Risk of Recurrent Stroke, Myocardial Infarction and Death: The Impact of Age in the VISP Trial
Authors: Towfighi Amytis , Arshi Baback , Markovic Daniela , Ovbiagele Bruce
Published: April 2014

Background: Clinical trials have failed to show a benefit of B vitamin therapy in reducing composite outcomes of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke among stroke survivors with elevated total serum homocysteine (tHcy) levels. Recent post hoc analyses have shown that numerous factors including age, baseline tHcy levels, folic acid fortification of grains, B12 status, renal function, comorbidities, and medications may modify the effect of B vitamin therapy on vascular risk in individuals with high tHcy. It remains possible that tHcy-lowering therapy may reduce cardiovascular risk in certain subgroups of stroke survivors. Post hoc subgroup analysis of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-2 randomized controlled trial, which randomized participants with known cardiovascular disease to tHcy-lowering therapy or placebo, revealed larger treatment benefit for patients aged younger than 69 years; however, that analysis did not control for other factors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age on the impact of tHcy-lowering therapy for reducing vascular risk after stroke while controlling for other factors known to modify the effect of tHcy and tHcy-lowering therapy on vascular risk. Methods: In this post hoc analysis of the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) trial, a randomized controlled trial of tHcy lowering for secondary stroke prevention, we excluded individuals who had poor renal function (glomerular filtration rate <47; the 10th percentile) or were treated with vitamin B12 injections. We assessed the effects of high-dose vitamin replacement on primary (stroke, myocardial infarction, or death) and secondary (stroke) outcomes, after stratifying by age (< vs. ≥ median age, 67 years) and adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Results: This subgroup consisted of 2,993 individuals. Among individuals older than 67 years, high-dose vitamin therapy was associated with reduced risk of stroke, myocardial infarction or death (adjusted HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-0.99) and a trend towards reduced likelihood of stroke (adjusted HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.59-1.25). High-dose vitamin therapy did not impact outcomes among individuals younger than 67 years. Conclusions: In this post hoc subgroup analysis of the VISP trial, age modified the association between B vitamin therapy and recurrent vascular risk among stroke survivors with elevated serum tHcy levels. Older individuals with stroke were more likely to benefit from B vitamin therapy than younger individuals. These findings can help inform the future design of clinical trials of tHcy-lowering therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction after stroke.