bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BIOACTIVE CHITOSAN FILMS
Authors: Vignola Maria Belen , Raspo Matias Alejandro , Gómez Cesar Gerardo , Andreatta Alfonsina Ester
Published: January 2022

Interest in the development of films for food preservation is increasing due to the improvement achieved in the food preservation time with the advent of new packaging technologies. Chitosan is a widely used biopolymer produced from the deacetylation of chitin, which has a good capacity to form suitable films as food packages. On the other hand, bioactive compounds such as gallic acid and salicylic acid act as inhibitors of the oxidant activity of free radicals and delay the decomposition of food. In this sense, the preparation of chitosan films modified with the mixture incorporation of salicylic acid/sorbitol or gallic acid/Tween 80 was proposed, using sorbitol or Tween 80 as plasticizers. Both films (chitosan/gallic acid/Tween 80 and chitosan/salicylic acid/sorbitol) showed a good antioxidant capacity in while the chitosan/gallic acid/Tween 80 film evidenced its antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 causing a diminution of unit forming colony
DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND TESTING OF A COLD STORE WITH WATER-COOLED CHILLER
Authors: Akdemir Serap
Published: January 2022

Objective of this research was to design, construction and test of a cold store with chiller unit. Dimensions of the cold store were 5x4x3m. Heat load was calculated and capacity of cooling system was determined. Ambient temperature was set 2oC and relative humidity 90% for cold store testing. Ambient temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were measured for 3 different levels and 12 points for each level in the cold store. Total heat load and capacity of cooling system were calculated 5222 kcal/h. and 6.07 kW respectively.  The descriptive statistics  were calculated for the ambient temperature;  mean, 2.82oC, standard deviation 0.02oC and CV(%) 0.56, and  for the relative humidity; mean 88.01%, standard deviation 0.61 (%) and CV(%)  0.70 and for the air velocity mean 0.37m/s, standard deviation 0.22 m/s, CV 33.45 %. Even the air velocity CV was high, the ambient temperature and relative humidity variations were evaluated very good.
CFD MODELLING AND VALIDATION OF AMBIENT FACTORS IN EVAPORATIVE COLD STORE FOR PEACH STORAGE
Authors: Akdemir Serap
Published: January 2022

Spatial variation of temperature and relative humidity were estimated with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) at top, middle and base levels for peach storage at +1oC and 90% relative humidity and verified with measured data in a cold store with evaporative cooling system. Storage temperature was +1oC and relative humidity 90% for peach storage. Ansys Fluent Software was used for CFD modelling. CFD models were validated with sensors measurements. Results were evaluated by using descriptive statistics, relative error and variance analyses. Mean difference between the model and measurements was calculated as 0.51oC for ambient temperature and as 3.47 % for relative humidity. Relative error of the CFD model was calculated as 9.77 for the ambient temperature and 1.29 for relative humidity for peach storage. The developed CFD models estimated the ambient factors with an acceptable error in the evaporative cold store for peach storage.
EFFECTS OF MOLAR RATIO, FREQUENCY, WATER CONTENT AND TEMPERATURE ON DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS
Authors: Kutlu Naciye , YÄ±lmaz Merve SÄ±lanur , Erdem Gizem Melissa , Sakiyan Ozge , Isci AslÄ±
Published: January 2022

In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared using choline-chloride as the hydrogen-bond acceptor and glycerol, formic acid and acetic acid as the hydrogen-bond donor. The effect of different process parameters such as molar ratio (1:2, 1:3 and 1:4), water content (15%, 30% and 45%), temperature (25, 50 and 75 Â°C) and frequency on dielectric properties of the DESs were examined. In conclusion, the highest dielectric constant value was detected at 25 Â°C for all DESs. Moreover, for all DESs, it was found that a decrease in water content resulted in a decrease in both dielectric constant and loss factor values. This can be explained by the absence of free water molecules which are responsible from dipole rotation mechanism. In light of the results, if DES will be used in microwave extraction, formic or acetic acid containing DESs might give more successful results compared to the one with glycerol.
DIFFERENTIAL STABILIZING EFFECTS OF BUFFERS ON STRUCTURAL STABILITY OF BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN AGAINST UREA DENATURATION
Authors: TAYYAB SAAD , TUAN MAT TUAN NOR NAZIAN , ABD HALIM ADYANI AZIZAH
Published: January 2022

The conformational stability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) against urea denaturation was investigated in aqueous solutions both in the absence and presence of buffers. Various buffers differing in polar and nonpolar characters such as sodium phosphate, Tris-HCl, (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) HEPES and [3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid] MOPS buffers were used in this study. Urea-induced structural changes were analyzed using different probes, i.e., intrinsic fluorescence, ANS fluorescence and UV-difference spectral signal.  Presence of different buffers in the incubation medium offered different degrees of resistance to the protein against urea-induced structural changes compared to those obtained in water (in the absence of buffers). A similar trend of buffer-induced structural resistance was noticed with three different probes. The stabilizing effect of these buffers followed the order: MOPS > HEPES > sodium phosphate > Tris-HCl > water. As found in MOPS and HEPES  buffers, the highest stability of BSA can be attributed to the presence of morpholine and piperazine rings, respectively, in their structures. These groups might have produced a hydrophobic environment around the protein surface, thus stabilizing protein conformation against urea denaturation.
EFFECT OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER AND THERMAL RADIATION ON A STEADY MHD CONVECTIVE FLOW WITH VISCOUS DISSIPATION AND SUCTION/INJECTION
Authors: Goswami Silpisikha , Pandit Kamalesh Kumar , Sarma Dipak
Published: January 2022

Our motive is to examine the impact of thermal radiation and suction or injection with viscous dissipation on an MHD boundary layer flow past a vertical porous stretched sheet immersed in a porous medium. The set of the flow equations is converted into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. We use Runge Kutta method and shooting technique in MATLAB Package to solve the set of equations. The impact of non-dimensional physical parameters on flow profiles is analysed and depicted in graphs. We observe the influence of non-dimensional physical quantities on the Nusselt number, the Sherwood number, and skin friction and presented in tables. A comparison of the obtained numerical results with existing results in a limiting sense is also presented. We enhance radiation to observe the deceleration of fluid velocity and temperature profile for both suction and injection. While enhancing porosity parameter accelerates velocity whereas decelerates temperature profile. As the heat source parameter increases, the temperature of the fluid decreases for both suction and injection, it has been found. With the increasing values of the radiation parameter, the skin friction and heat transfer rate decreases. Increasing magnetic parameter decelerates the skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number.
DRYING OF ZUCCHINI AND CARROT SLICES: INFLUENCE OF TISSUE STRUCTURE ON MASS TRANSFER PARAMETERS
Authors: Khoshnam Farhad
Published: January 2022

The present work aimed mainly at investigating the influence of tissue structure on dehydration characteristics of zucchini and carrot. Microwave power levels of 100, 350, 550 and 750 W used to dehydrate the samples with thicknesses of 3, 5, 7 and 9 mm. The results showed that moisture removal from the slices occurred in a short accelerating period at the process beginning followed by a falling rate period. The moisture diffusivity increased with both increasing microwave power and the samples thickness where the average values for zucchini and carrot slices changed from 1.17Ã—10-8 to 9.42Ã—10-8 and from 0.73Ã—10-8 to 5.51Ã—10-8 m2 s-1, respectively. The average activation energy for zucchini and carrot slices varied in the range of 1.22â€“1.68 and 1.57â€“1.84 W g-1, respectively and decreased with increasing samples thickness.
THE EFFECT OF DRYING TEMPERATURE, CUTTING TYPES, STORAGE DEGREE AND PERIOD ON PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RED CAPIA PEPPER
Authors: Cemal Dilek , Yildiz Gulcin
Published: January 2022

This work was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different drying temperatures â€‹â€‹(50, 60 and 70 oC) and cutting types (ring and cube) on the physical, chemical and physiochemical properties of red capia pepper during storage (14 days) both at room temperature and cold storage. Convective drying (CVD) at 50, 60 and 70 oC was applied to obtain dried red capia peppers. The effects of CVD on color values (L*, a*, b*), rehydration ratio, selected chemical properties (dry matter, pH and titratable acidity) and bioactive compounds (total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity) of thirteen dried red capia peppers were compared. The samples dried at 60 oC in ring forms under cold storage (6R-CD samples) showed the highest dry matter, pH, titratable acidity and rehydration ratio (87.06%, 5.69, 807.15 mg citric acid/100 g, 6.72%, respectively). The closest L*, a*, b*values to the fresh pepper samples were achieved for 6R-CD samples (L*:29.87, a*:12.83, and b*:17.03). In addition, 6R-CD samples resulted with highest antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content in all storage times.
DRYING, COLOUR AND REHYDRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ORANGE SLICES UNDER INFRARED RADIATION HEATING
Authors: Doymaz Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

The effect of different infrared (IR) powers on drying of orange slices was investigated in infrared dryer. The orange slices dried at 62, 74 and 88 W infrared powers and constant slice thickness of 6 mm. Results showed that drying, colour and rehydration characteristics of orange slices were greatly influenced by infrared power. The drying data were fitted with five mathematical models available in the literature. Based on the statistical tests applied to make an assessment, the model of Midilli and Kucuk was found to satisfactorily explain drying kinetics of orange slices for all drying conditions. The Fickâ€™s diffusion model was used to calculate the effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) of orange slices. The value of Deff varied from 1.59Ã—10-10 to 2.49Ã—10-10 m2/s. It was found that the effective moisture diffusivities increased with increasing IR power. Activation energy was estimated by a modified Arrhenius type equation as 2.11 kW/kg. As the infrared power increased, the rehydration ratio was found to be reduced. Furthermore, with increase of infrared power, the values of a and DE increased, whereas the values of L, b and C decreased.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY FROM Polyalthia sumatrana (Miq.) Kurz
Authors: Salleh Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan , Shakri Natasa Mohd , Nafiah Mohd Azlan , Khamis Shamsul
Published: January 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the phytochemicals from Polyalthia sumatrana and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Fractionation and purification of the leaves of P. sumatrana led to the isolation and identification of five alkaloids; boldine (1), norboldine (2), liriodenine (3), predicentrine (4), laurotetanine (5) together with Î²-sitosterol (6), Î²-sitostenone (7), vanillin (8), vanillic acid (9) and cinnamic acid (10). The structures of these compounds were obtained by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as well as the comparison with that of reported data. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity revealed that all isolated alkaloids were found to inhibit AChE with percentage inhibition values ranged from 45.0 to 80.6%.
Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Publik di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Yossi Findarta Pratama  , Andi Fitriyani Yahya  , Alsry Mulyani  , Yuliana Rauf  , Rosmala Dewi Said  , St. Suryani
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat terhadap Pelayanan Publik di Sulawesi Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk 1)Mengetahui sistem pelayanan publik layanan unit Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (PTSP) di Sulawesi Selatan 2)Mengetahui tingkat kepuasan masyarakat pada PTSP di Sulawesi Selataan. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan  kuantitatif dengan metode survei pada unit pelayanan publik PTSP di kota makassar, kabupaten Barru dan kabupaten Bantaeng. Responden penelitian adalah penerima layanan di unit layanan tersebut. Jumlah responden yang dilibatkan adalah 527 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat unit pelayanan publik di Sulawesi Selatan memiliki nilai IKM 81,29 dengan nilai B dan berkinerja Baik.
Pemulihan Lanskap Ekonomi Pasca Pandemi Covid-19 Di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu
Authors: Andjar Prasetyo
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap lanskap ekonomi masyarakat Labuhanbatu. Metode dalam kajian ini menggunakan kualitatif yang dideskripsikan dengan didasarkan pada ciri-ciri keilmuan yaitu rasional, empiris, dan sistematis karena berusaha menerangkan fenomena ekonomi. Sumber data sekunder dari publikasi lembaga yang memiliki relevansi dengan kajian, data primer dari kuisoner. Populasi adalah penduduk yang berusia 15 tahun ke atas yang bekerja berdasarkan lapangan usaha di Kabupatan Labuhanbatu tahun 2020. Penentuan sampel didasarkan dengan Two Stage Cluster, Sample primer sebanyak 156.223 orang, asumsi sampling error sebesar 0,22%, asumsi Koefisien Kepercayaan sebesar 1,96 dan asumsi parameter proporsi binomial sebesar 50%-50% sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 797 orang. Waktu penelitian bulan Maret sampai dengan November 2020 dengan lokasi terdiri dari 9 (sembilan) kecamatan se Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Pengumpulan data dengan survey terhadap instrumen berupa kusioner terbuka yang dibagi menjadi dua bagian, kusioner terbuka bersifat administratif dan  kuisioner terbuka bersifat substantif. Temuan administratif masyarakat yang bekerja di lokus studi didominasi laki-laki dengan umur  antara 30-49 tahun dan berpendidikan SMA. Temuan substantif dalam studi ini adalah adanya perubahan lanskap ekonomi di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu yang ditandai dengan pergeseran dari pekerjaan yang berkurang, Distribusi bantuan Pemerintah yang meningkat, Kelangkaan kebutuhan pokok, penghasilan yang semakin menurun dan perubahan peta lapangan usaha
Publikasi Layanan Pembelajaran Di Era Baru: Studi Kasus Online Learning Pada Kementerian Keuangan
Authors: Jamila Lestyowati
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis publikasi pada layanan publik pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi COVID-19. Stakeholder sebagai penerima layanan merupakan pihak yang harus dilayani sehubungan dengan produk jasa yang dihasilkan instansi pemerintah. Pembelajaran pada BPPK pada awal dan selama masa pandemi menggunakan kegiatan Kemeneku Corpu Open Class, Kemenkeu Corpu Talk dan seminar online sebagai andalannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan eksplanatoris menggunakan sumber data sekunder berupa poster/ flyer dan data dari media sosial. Dengan beragam kelebihan yang dimilikinya, kegiatan tersebut menjadi daya tarik bagi stakeholder baik langsung maupun tidak langsung untuk mengikutinya karena beragam tema yang ditawarkan melalui publikasi yang menarik. Walaupun memiliki beberapa kelemahan, namun publikasi kegiatan ini mampu diandalkan. KCT, KC Open Class dan seminar online tetap dipertahankan di masa mendatang selepas pandemi berakhir.
Inovasi Pelayanan Publik (PAKDES: Aplikasi Laporan Dana Desa Kreatif Berbasis Online di Kecamatan Mallawa Kabupaten Maros)
Authors: Aprilia Hapsari  , Muhammad Guntur  , Rukmana Novayanti Sopia
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan secara mendalam sistem pelayanan publik dalam laporan pertanggungjawaban dana desa yang saat ini diterapkan di Desa Tellumpanaue dan Desa Barugae Kecamatan Mallawa Kabupaten Maros. Oleh karena itu, penulis bermaksud memberikan solusi terhadap masalah yang ada dengan sistem pelayanan sebelumnya yaitu dengan aplikasi PAKDES. Aplikasi ini dirancang sebagai salah satu media yang dapat memudahkan aparatur desa dalam melakukan pelaporan dana desa yang dapat diakses melalui smartphone. Selain memudahkan aparatur desa, aplikasi ini juga dirancang bagi masyarakat desa yang dapat mengakses hasil laporan pertanggungjawaban masing-masing desa yang ada di Indonesia, sehingga dapat menjadi wadah bagi masyarakat untuk berperan dalam pengelolaan dana desa yang  tepat sasaran yang secara langsung akan mendukung terwujudnya prinsip transparansi pengelolaan dana desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang akan menjabarkan secara lebih dalam fokus masalah yang akan diteliti. Pada peroses penelitian, peneliti menemukan data bahwa proses pertanggungjawaban yang saat ini diterapkan di Desa Barugae dan Desa Tellumpanuae Kecamatan Mallawa Kabupaten Maros telah mengalami pergeseran sistem, dari yang sebelumnya masih sistem manual, saat ini telah beralih ke Sistem Keuangan Desa  (Siskeudes). Selanjutnya, aparatur desa diharapkan dapat melakukan pengembangan kompetensi dalam penguasaan teknologi informasi yang dilakukan melalui bimbingan teknis yang akan menjadi pondasi dalam meningkatkan proses pelayanan yang ada, khusunya dalam melaporkan peratanggungjawaban pengelolaan keuangan desa agar lebih transparan dan akuntabel.
Penerapan Soft Skill Coaching Pada Penyusunan Aktualisasi (Studi Kasus Pada Pelatihan Dasar CPNS Kabupaten Pulau Morotai)
Authors: Amin Najemiah M
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pertama, mengetahui prinsip coaching penulisan aktualisasi dan kedua mengetahui penerapan soft skill coaching dalam penulisan aktualisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Alumni Pelatihan Dasar Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil Golongan III Kabupaten Pulau Morotai sebanyak 40 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah studi kepustakaan, penyebaran kuisioner dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, pertama prinsip coaching penulisan aktualisasi sudah berjalan dengan baik namun diperlukan penguatan pada aspek coach lebih banyak mendengar serta berkomitmen menyusun strategi kedepannya. Kedua, penerapan soft skill coaching dalam penulisan aktualisasi sudah berjalan dengn baik tetapi masih perlu penguatan pada aspek perilaku sopan santun. Maka secara keseluruhan diperlukan peningkatan kompetensi coaching secara berkesinambungan.
Adaptif, Agile dan Inovatif Kunci SDM Unggul
Authors: Grace V. Dumalang
Published: January 2022

Smart ASN merupakan suatu konsepsi dan nilai baru yang dicanangkan Pemerintah di Tahun 2019 di lingkungan birokrasi Indonesia guna mendorong para aparatur agar mampu beradaptasi menghadapi perubahan eksternal yang bersifat global di lingkungan birokrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan arah kebijakan yang dilakukan berbagai kabupaten/kota di Indonesia dalam upaya membangun SDM aparatur yang berkualitas dalam rangka mewujudkan Smart ASN. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah metode PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) dengan pertimbangan protokol riset metode PRISMA detail dan lengkap yang memungkinkan terhindar dari bias subjektif pada saat melakukan kajian literature. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arah kebijakan yang dilakukan pemerintah kab/kota di Indonesia dalam upaya membangun SDM aparatur yang berkualitas dalam rangka mewujudkan Smart ASN pada dasarnya telah mengarah pada Grand Design Pembangunan ASN 2020-2024 yang terdiri dari perencanaan, perekrutan dan seleksi,  pengembangan kompetensi, penilaian kinerja dan penghargaan, promosi, rotasi dan karir, serta peningkatan kesejahteraan. Keenam pemerintah daerah dalam penelitian ini telah bergerak ke arah strategi di atas meski masih banyak hal yang perlu disesuaikan dan disempurnakan dalam penerapannya.
Pattern of Congenital Overt and Occult Pediatric Surgical Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Centre Over 5 Years
Authors: Varkey Sam , C. S Aravind , Rajan Reeti
Published: January 2022

ongenital anomalies are important cause of infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. The proportion of deaths and disability due to congenital anomalies has increased, as deaths due to other diseases have decreased over the years due to better health care. Hence it is essential to have basic epidemiological information of these anomalies.
This is a hospital based, cross-sectional, record based study, conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Govt. Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Sample size included 300 children below the age of 12years admitted in the department of pediatric surgery with various major congenital anomalies, over a period of 5 years.
More than half of these children were admitted after infancy for treatment, male children were more compared to females. Majority of these children were from low socioeconomic group. Only in 5.6% cases there was a history of consanguineous marriage. In 7.33% there was family history of congenital anomalies. In 32% cases the anomalies were detected in the antenatal period. Most of the anomalies were isolated anomalies. Genitourinary system was the most common system to be involved followed by, gastrointestinal tract. 91.67% children underwent surgical treatment, and only 10.67% children had major complications in postoperative period.
This study shows that congenital anomalies are a major cause of hospital admissions in children of all ages. Pattern of anomalies seen in various centers are different. Knowledge of the pattern of congenital anomalies may be useful in planning health services.

Keywords: Congenital, Anomalies, Pediatric surgery.
Elicitation of Hidden Expectations of Customers in Healthcare Service
Authors: K Nandini , Lokesh Dr. A. C.
Published: January 2022

In healthcare service, the customer feedback is often incomplete unless the unexpressed expectations are captured at the right time. These latent feelings and opinions are the ‘hidden expectations’ which are the quality indicators of the service offered. This short communication paper describes a couple of techniques for elicitation of hidden expectations of customers in the context of healthcare services. As an illustration, the paper depicts the application of these techniques for identification and prioritization of hidden expectations at a diagnostic center. Any organization in healthcare service sector could employ these techniques quickly and conveniently to improve quality of service thereby enhancing customer satisfaction.

Keywords: Elicitation, Customer satisfaction, Hidden expectation, MoSCoW, Healthcare.
A Study on Pharmacist Mediated Intervention in Identifying and Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: F.P Mohsina , I.P Faheem , Siddiuque Aquil-ur-Rahim
Published: January 2022

Background: Adverse drug reactions are major problem in health care system due to its consequences - morbidity, mortality and health care cost. Recent epidemiologic research reveals that the total incidence rate of ADRs was 6.7%, with an overall fatality rate of 0.32%.
Method: A prospective observational study was carried out for 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. Patients admitted to the department of medicine, Pediatrics, orthopedics & surgery were selected randomly and followed from date of admission to date of discharge by enrolling into the study by considering the study criteria.
Results: During the research about 27 ADRs were recognized & reported. Among them 14 (51.86%) patients were male and 13(48.14%) were female patients. The system or organ most commonly involved was Blood disorders were 8 (29.62%). Type A were 16(57.25%) reactions followed by Type B were 8 (29.62%); Type C were 3 (11.11%). Study depicts drug class usually implicated with ADRs was Antibiotics and antineoplastic drugs were 6 (22.22%) followed by Anti-Tubercular were 3 (11.11%); NSAIDS and Antidiabetic drugs were 2 (7.4%); The least implicated (3.7%) drug class are Anti-Pyretic, Diuretics and Antiretroviral. Causality was assessed for all the reported reactions are found to be PROBABLE according to WHO-UMC Scale.
Conclusion: The study report shows that incidence of ADRs is steadily increasing. Under reporting of ADR is a major problem in India. Clinical Pharmacist plays a vital role in surveillance and prevention of ADRs.

Keywords: Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacovigilance, Causality.
Perception and Attitude of Maxillofacial Surgeons towards in-Clinic Counselling on Tobacco Cessation in Tertiary Hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Kuye Olasunkanmi Funmilola , Olagundoye Olufemi , Ladeji Adeola Mofoluwake
Published: January 2022

Cigarettes and other forms of tobacco are known to be highly addictive, the use and production of which are on the rise. Tobacco use is a risk factor in the development of diseases especially oral cancer, affects negatively wound healing in maxillofacial surgical procedure, and periodontal therapies. Therefore, the need for tobacco cessation programs on patients among Maxillofacial surgeons and the trainees is necessary.
Objectives- This is to assess the perception, attitude, and the influence of age, gender, duration of practice, and environment/religion on the cessation counseling carried out by Oral & Maxillofacial surgeons
Methods- A prospective questionnaire-based study. A survey was carried out by sending validated, structured self-administered pretested questionnaires to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery trainees and specialists in tertiary hospitals in different parts (North, South, and West) of Nigeria. The questionnaire assessed perceptions and attitudes- of the respondent, as well as the influence of age, gender, duration of practice, and environment/religion on in-clinic tobacco cessation.
Results- A total of 44 individuals participated in the study. More respondents from senior registrars 19(43%), and with the majority from the Teaching Hospital 33(75%) out of the three cadres of institutions where the survey was done. Male to female ratio of respondents was 1:2.1, with the mean age of the participants 36.7. All agreed to the need for tobacco cessation counseling among Oral & Maxillofacial surgeons, only 37(84.1%) believe that in-clinic counseling will significantly reduce the prevalence of oral cancer. Age groups, sex, religion, designation, and the years in practice have a significant relationship with the participant perception-related question p=0.001, as well the like use of religious and professional techniques in counseling smokers (p<0.05). The gender of study participants had a significant influence on their perception of the need for in-clinic tobacco cessation counseling.
Conclusion- Tobacco cessation program within the health institutions is tested and an affirmed avenue to stop or reduce the associated risk factors with substance use. Therefore, need for policymakers in health sectors to organize training programs for Maxillofacial surgeons.

Key words: Oral & Maxillofacial surgeons, Tobacco cessation, attitude, and perceptions, in-clinic counseling.
New Social World: The Great Power of the Network
Authors: KOMISSAROV Sergey , VASILYEV Nikolay
Published: January 2022

At the early beginning of the 21st century, it was impossible to imagine how fast the Internet would develop. It was also not obvious that the worldwide network would actually become available in all parts of the planet, and the network itself would become the basis for the birth and development of new global products - social networks, communications, and services. According to the International Telecommunication Union, the Internet and new digital products along twenty years have almost completely absorbed the population of developed countries (87%) and are growing rapidly in developing countries (47%)[1]. The affordable cost of communication for the majority of the population together with free communication services create the basis for the emergence of not only new products but also a constant increase in the number of digital services, which quite recently could only be obtained offline. Together with large digital government services, commercial networks, communicators, and services are creating a new social structure capable of independent machine learning and development. The work aims to show that much faster than it was supposed new digital products will intertwine with each other, forming a new social platform, which is called a New Social World. The analysis of sociological works on this topic together with an analysis of practical research on the Internet and new digital products confirms this assumption. Despite strict user agreements, global online monitoring, constant online control and full access to the data of each user, more and more people become users of social networks and services, and most social network users become loyal users of other new products and services, easily switching on digital consumption and consumption of real products and services provided online. The new social reality, generated by the powerful interweaving of the world's digital products and services will forever change the sociocultural and media world. An urgent and constant study of this phenomenon is necessary since the ways of its further development are unpredictable both in relation to the existence of traditional, social, national identification and with the existence of traditional state institutions and states.
The investigation of allergic skin diseases susceptibility
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal., Pandey Prajwal , Shi Wei Min ,   Department of Dermatology, Tong Ji University, Shanghai, China., Shrestha Samir ,   Junior Resident, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Published: January 2022

Background: Studies from around the world show that the prevalence and incidence of sensitization to allergens are higher in urban settings. Skin Prick Test (SPT) is being used more frequently now to investigate specific allergen sensitivity along with serum IgE level. Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of sub-clinical allergy susceptibility and to see association with gender, season, age, urticaria, eczema, dermatitis and total serum IgE. Method and methodology: Eight hundred and ninety-two patients referred by dermatologist to rule out allergic sensitizations underwent SPT within one year. We calculated susceptible group and evaluated its ability to predict diseases like urticaria, eczema and non-specific dermatitis in general population. Result: The antigens that had the highest prevalence throughout the year were Mould II (32.38%) and Dermatophagoides farina (33.78%). The susceptibility to allergen was affected by season and age, however was not affected by gender. The predictability was highly statistically significant for Urticaria, Eczema and Non-specific Dermatitis. Conclusion: We conclude that the allergen susceptibility is high and is significantly correlated to the prevalence of allergic disorders in the sample population of a modern city like Shanghai. The susceptibility to allergen is affected by season and age. Keywords: skin prick test; total serum IgE; sub-clinical allergy susceptibility.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors:   Thoracic Surgeon, Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India., Dantis Klein , TG Ranganath ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pulmonary medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.
Published: January 2022

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare systematic neoplastic disease exclusively seen in middle-aged women with an incidence of 5-9 per million. They can occur sporadically or in association with tuberous sclerosis. Histopathological diagnosis is the gold standard. Median transplant-free survival from the time of diagnosis is 23 years. We here by present premenstrual female with history of recurrent dyspnea with differential diagnosis for various interstitial lung disease diagnosed to have LAM. She was managed with bronchodilator therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation as per European respiratory society guidelines. Keywords: lymphangioleiomyomatosis; interstitial lung disease; uniportal VATS; histopathology
Paraneoplastic cushing’s syndrome: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge: A case report and literature review
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia, M Chiboub , I Kammoun ,   Faculty of Medicine, El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia, R Gharbi ,   Endocrinology Unit, Department B of Endocrinology, National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia., H Kammoun ,   Endocrinology Unit, Department B of Endocrinology, National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia., M Bechikh ,   Department of Pneumology Ibn Nafis, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia., E Haouet ,   Department of Pneumology Ibn Nafis, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia., A Margheli ,   Department of thoracic surgery, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia., H Kandara ,   Department of thoracic surgery, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia.
Published: January 2022

Ectopic Cushing syndrome (ECS) is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis. We report a case of a 44-year-old male who was admitted for clinical suspicion of Cushing’s syndrome. The investigations confirmed the diagnosis of ECS. No tumor was detected in preliminary imaging tests. Then, the octreoscan showed a fixation in a suspect lung node in the middle lobe. The patient was treated initially with medical drugs, he underwent a right middle lobectomy, and yet histopathology did not reveal any nodule. However, the outcome was the healing of our patient. We reviewed published articles to access new diagnostic techniques or advantages in the treatment regimen and a prognosis of ECS. Keywords: ectopic cushing’s syndrome; paraneoplastic syndromes; lung cancer.
A rare glans cavernous hemangioma in young patient: A case report
Authors:   Graduate School of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China., Chunguang Liu , Sandeep Bhushan ,   Department of Surgery, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China., Xuejun Xu ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Zunyi Medical University, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China.
Published: January 2022

Background: Cavernous hemangioma of the glans penis is a relatively rare disease in clinical practice, caused by congenital dysplasia. Case presentation: A 20-year-old male, found a snake shaped dark purple mass on the glans penis for more than 10 years. During the operation, the tumor was seen to be about 0.5 cm away from the outer urethra. The tumor was broken longitudinally, and the boundary between the tumor and the corpus cavernosum was not clear, and the tumor was bluntly separated until it was completely removed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed a cavernous hemangioma. The patient was discharged without complications such as infection or wound dehiscence. Conclusion: With the increase of sexual demand and to avoid rupture and bleeding of glans penis cavernous hemangioma are recommend early intervention and treatment. Keywords: glans; cavernous hemangioma; treatment methods.
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome causing gastric outlet obstruction: A myth in acute abdomen
Authors:   International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia., MN Norfaidhi Akram , S Husni ,   Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Malaysia., S Sarmukh ,   Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Malaysia., H Azmi ,   Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Malaysia.
Published: January 2022

Objective: We aim to report a case of gastric outlet obstruction in adolescence that was diagnosed as a superior mesenteric artery syndrome and treated successfully by gastrojejunostomy. Case report: A 17-year-old female presented to emergency department with acute abdomen. She was also complaint of significant weight loss past 2 months. On clinical examination she was underweight with fullness of upper abdomen down to umbilicus. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS) was performed showed grossly dilated stomach with unable to go beyond D3 region. Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) abdomen suggestive of Superior Mesentery Artery (SMA) syndrome. She was subjected to gastrojejunostomy and recovered well postoperatively. Conclusion: An acute onset of gastric outlet obstruction in adolescence can be a diagnostic and treatment challenging. Our case patient was diagnosed as a SMA syndrome based on the history taking and CT findings. We would like to advocate a high index of suspicious SMA syndrome should be included in an acute abdomen in adolescence besides volvulus and malrotation. The treatment options should be individualized. In this case we opted for a gastrojejunostomy compared to duodenojejunostomy. The decision was made based on the patient nutritional status as patient was low Body Mass Index (BMI) was 16 kg/m2 which carries a high risk of anastomotic leak. Keywords: superior mesenteric artery syndrome; cast syndrome; wilkie’s syndrome; arteriomesenteric duodenal compression; duodenal vascular compression.
A strange case of melanoma: An (in)visible enemy
Authors:   Dermatology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81 00133 Rome, Italy., Piccolo Arianna , Simoni Ilaria De ,   Dermatology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81 00133 Rome, Italy.
Published: January 2022

We report the case of a 91-year-old Caucasian female patient who came to our attention due to the appearance of a 10 X 15 cm plaque with irregular margins, with mammary appearance, strongly and variably pigmented, localized on the right hemiface after about 8 weeks. Dermoscopic examination showed an aspecific pattern characterised by the presence of a variously pigmented background, with the presence of a blue-grey veil and overlapping of serum-hematous crusts.
5-methyltetrahydrofolate: A mandatory support for T677T MTHFR SNP women suffering from premature ovarian insufficiency, endometriosis and/or multiple ART failures
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Augusta, Ga, USA., Martin Kristy L , Servy Edouard J ,   Servy institute of Reproductive endocrinology, Augusta, Ga, USA., Menezo Yves JR ,   Laboratoire CLEMENT, Paris, France
Published: January 2022

A patients, age 39 in 2019, suffering hypermenorrhea, secondary dysmenorrhea and endometriosis with pelvic adhesions, Normal physical examination with an AMH value of 0.877 ng/L . At this time the couple had been trying to conceive for over 2 years while taking nature made prenatal vitamins and the wife was given 9 rounds of clomid treatments (6–50 mg, 3- 100 mg). She was advised to take DHEA and then started IUI and IVF with no success. On August, 2020, it was elected to check the couple for MTHFR mutation. The woman was found to be homozygous for T677T MTHFR mutation and her spouse homozygous for the C1298C MTHFR mutation but with a subnormal sperm. The patient and her spouse were both advised to discontinue any vitamins containing folic acid and start vitamins with a daily dose of 1,000 mcg of 5-MTHF (folate) with chelated zinc and a vitamin B complex. On December, 2020 spontaneous conception occurred. On July 27, 2021, a healthy 48.26 cm (19 inches), 3 kg (6 pounds 9 ounces) girl was delivered by c-section. Keywords: MTHFR 677TT SNP; endometriosis; ART failures; premature ovarian insufficiency; 5MTHF.
Case report of three distinctive pulmonary toxicities related to durvalumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) consolidation therapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors:   Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA., Gross Andrew , Alahmadi Asrar ,   Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA., Ramaiya Nikhil ,   Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA., Dowlati Afshin ,   Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA., Biswas Tithi ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Published: January 2022

Immunotherapy has become part of the standard of care in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. However, immunotherapy is associated with immune-related pneumonitis and radiation-related adverse effects. Pulmonary-related toxicity after definitive chemoradiotherapy can be challenging to distinguish from disease progression, especially in the setting of additional immunotherapy after radiation. Our patient is a 61-year-old male that was diagnosed with stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma of the right upper lobe that underwent treatment with concurrent chemoradiation and adjuvant durvalumab. He was found to have fevers, shortness of breath, generalized body aches and dry cough. His influenza test was positive for Influenza A. On imaging, there was significant hypermetabolic enlargement of multiple lymph node stations underwent bronchoscopy with biopsies of the right upper lobe, station 4R and 7 lymph node. Pathology of the right upper lobe biopsy showed fragments of bronchial epithelium with rare atypical cells present. Pathology of the station 7 lymph node showed small non-necrotizing granulomas, and station 4R showed rare atypical cells, consistent with squamous metaplasia. The patient was started on high dose prednisone for treatment of immune related pneumonitis and continue follow up in clinic. His symptoms continued to improve continued interval improvement seen on serial imaging in the right upper lobe soft tissue changes within the field of prior radiation in addition to improvement in the mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy, consistent with immunotherapy related Sarcoidlike granulomatous reactions.
ITP revealing a SMM: A case report and review of the literature
Authors:   Assistant in Hematology, Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia., Rakez Rim , Chefaii Areej ,   Hematology Resident, Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia, Hadhri Rym ,   Associate Professor, Anatomopathology, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia., Sassi Mouna Bahrini ,   Associate Professor, Biological Hematology, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia., Boukhriss Sarra ,   Assistant in Hematology, Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia., Laatiri Mohamed Adnene ,   Head of the Department Of Hematology at Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
Published: January 2022

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disorder retained after elimination of other causes of low platelets’ rate. It is mostly seen with B cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura’s association with plasma cell neoplasms is possible but extremely rare. Although several pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, the causal link between these two conditions is not yet clearly understood. Therapeutic management is not standardized and depends mainly on the type of gammopathy and the chronology of onset of immune thrombocytopenic purpura compared to multiple myeloma. Our case is about an 81-year-old male diagnosed with concurrent smoldering multiple myeloma and immune thrombocytopenic purpura who was started on steroids without anti-neoplastic therapy for multiple myeloma with partial platelet response. We also review the few reported cases of simultanious immune thrombocytopenic purpura and smoldering multiple myelom or multiple myeloma. Keywords: ITP; thrombocytopenia; smoldering multiple myeloma; corticosteroids.
Catheter knotting in a neonate
Authors:   Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Xingnan Road 521, Guangzhou 511400, China., Huang Rong , Chen Jia-ying ,   Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Xingnan Road 521, Guangzhou 511400, China., Zhang Ying ,   Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Xingnan Road 521, Guangzhou 511400, China., Chen Chang-mei ,   Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Xingnan Road 521, Guangzhou 511400, China., Zhou Jia-liang ,   Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Xingnan Road 521, Guangzhou 511400, China.
Published: January 2022

A 36-week preterm neonate with anal atresia and rectoperineal fistula was catheterized with a size 6F Foley’s catheter when she underwent anoplasty on the second day after birth. When the patient recovered from anesthesia, it was decided to remove the catheter. While the catheter was being removed, resistance was felt halfway through the procedure. Abdominal plain films revealed a catheter coiled in the pelvis. With copious lubricant injected into the bladder through the catheter and patient sedated, it was removed by manipulation alone using gentle traction (Figure 1). The infant had no bleeding at the urethral meatus and no obvious abnormality in urination during the 3-month of follow-up.