bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Postpartum Depression, Associated Factors, Social Support, and Professional Assistance: A Cross-Sectional Study in Port Said, Egypt
Authors: Elkashif Mirfat Mohamed Labib
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION

Postpartum depression is a mental illness that affects post-childbirth mothers. It is associated with psychological and social risk factors such as negative childhood experiences and pregnancy and childbirth problems. Postpartum depression has not been a focus of concern in Egypt. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of postpartum depression, its associated factors, social support, and professional assistance in Port Said, Egypt.

METHODOLOGY

A random sampling strategy was used to select 540 women ten weeks postpartum. Data were collected using a questionnaire during an interview to identify potential risk factors for postpartum depression. The modified Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale was used to assess symptoms of postpartum depression which is a multidimensional measure of social communication. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS 25.0. software.

RESULTS

It was found that 24.4% of women were at risk for postpartum depression. Social support from family and friends was significantly associated with mitigation of postpartum depression.

CONCLUSION

This study affirmed postpartum depression was a common health problem among 540 women who gave birth in Port Said, Egypt. Early detection and efficient screening methods to detect postpartum depression should be applied, especially in areas with a high risk for this condition. Early detection may prevent complications for mothers, babies, and families.
Challenges and Suggestions to Promote Maternal Service Provision and Utilization Under the Free Maternal Health Policy in Ghana: Perspectives of Health Directors and Facility Managers
Authors: Dalinjong Philip Ayizem , Wang Alex Y. , Homer Caroline S. E.
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION

To promote service uptake and reduce maternal deaths, a policy was implemented under Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme in 2008. This study explored the benefits and limitations of the policy, health system challenges, and community-level challenges resulting in suggestions to mitigate the challenges.

METHODS

The study design was cross-sectional, utilizing qualitative data collection. It was carried out in the Kassena-Nankana East Municipality, Ghana, involving in-depth interviews (IDIs) with directors of Ghana Health Service and facility managers. A total of eight IDIs were conducted. Data were transcribed, read, and analyzed based on themes which were presented using key quotes.

RESULTS

The policy promoted the use of services. Nonetheless, challenges existed as a result of limited service coverage, inadequate human resources and infrastructure, lack of medications and equipment, lack of transport, and the influence of religion, culture, and family members. There was a need to strategize so that women with a low socioeconomic status would receive service over those of a high socioeconomic status. Other suggestions included the inclusion of family planning services, accreditation of private facilities, provision of a shift system for specialists to move to rural areas, and provision of incentives for health personnel in rural areas. It was also suggested that health personnel make known their challenges as well as to provide education on women’s rights and service expectations. The provision of transport vouchers to women as well as alternative arrangements to be made with private transport owners were also suggested.

CONCLUSION

Implementing the suggestions may improve service provision and utilization leading to the reduction of maternal deaths and contributing towards achieving universal health coverage.
Episiotomy at Public Health Institutions in Hosaena Town, Southern Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wassie Semahegn Tilahun , Gultie Ketema Teklemariam , Gendisha Ukke Gebresilasea , Hiwot Aynalem Yetwale , Mamo Desalegn Girma
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Episiotomy was first suggested about two centuries back to prevent perineal tear as well as a fetal head injury. However, there have been controversies about its benefits over its side effects. The magnitude of episiotomy varies across the world. No study was conducted in the study area. This study was aimed at assessing the magnitude and factors associated with episiotomy at public health institutions.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed in four public health institutions in Hosaena Town. Data were collected through interviews administered structured questionnaires and supplemented with maternal chart review and anthropometric measurement from May 1st to June 30th, 2019. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. EpiData 3.02 and SPSS version 21 software were used for data entry, and analysis, respectively. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done. Variables at p-value < 0.2 were transferred to multivariable logistic regression analysis. Then variables at p-value <0.05with 95% CI were considered as statistically significant and AOR was used to interpret factors associated with episiotomy. Tables and graphs have been used to present the results.

RESULTS

A total of 410 delivered mothers were included in the study and the magnitude of episiotomy was 57.6%with a mean of 95% CI = 0.53–0.63.Being primiparous (AOR = 16.96, 95% CI: 9.26, 31.05), meconium-stained amniotic fluid (AOR = 3.82, 95% CI: 1.84, 7.96), Second stage of labor lasting more than 2 hours (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.11, 5.32), births attended by non-midwife professionals (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.24, 4.14) and newborns head circumference >35 cm (AOR = 5.73, 95% CI: 3.29, 10.00) were factors significantly associated with episiotomy.

CONCLUSIONS

Episiotomy was performed in more than half of the mothers included in the study. All the responsible bodies from the administrative to clinical practitioners should be in action to lower the magnitude of episiotomy by assuring that it is practiced restrictively with scientific indications.
PENGGUNAAN PEMBELAJARAN BLANDED LEARNING DI SD NEGERI KARANGASEM PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Mamluatul Fitriyah
Published: March 2022

Pandemi covid 19 setiap hari meningkat secara drastis yang berdampak pada aspek pendidikan. Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah menerapkan pembelajaran daring atau online. Pembelajaran blended learing merupakan pembelajaran campuran atau gabungan yang dilaksanakan secara online atau daring dan tatap muka. Dengan adanya pembelajaran blended learning ini, guru mencoba menerapkan pembelajaran agar tetap kondusif dan berjalan sesuai apa yang telah direncanakan walaupun dalam proses belajar mengajar sebagian siswa melakukan pembelajaran secara tatap muka dan sebagiannya mengunakan metode online. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti meengggunaakan metode kualitatif dengan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari buku, dokumen atau liberatur-liberatur, dan wawancara di SD Negeri Karangasem dan ditetapkan 5 siswa yang jumlah sampel siswanya adalah 30. Selama pembelajaran blended learning guru memilih menggunakan media aplikasi yaang berupa WhatsAap, google meet, google classrom,dan youtube. Melalui aplikasi tersebut guru dapat memberikan materi dengan cara terlulis, mengirim video atau link youtube kepada siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah apakah pembelajaran blended learning yang diterapkan di sekolah dasar bisa dilakukan dengan efektif.
Covid-19 Phobia and Psychological Well-Being in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients during the Pandemic Process
Authors: UZDİL Nurcan , EVLİ Mahmut , TOKGÖZ Bülent
Published: March 2022

Important and compulsory changes in many areas of life, especially the mandatory quarantine that emerged due to the COVID-19 pandemic, negatively affect the mental health of these individuals. In this study, it is aimed to determine the effect of the pandemic process on COVID-19 phobia and the psychological well-being of peritoneal dialysis patients. This study was completed with 83 patients. Data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The relational status between the variables was tested by simple linear regression analysis. Among the participants 54.2% were female, and the mean age was 53.52±15.06. It is seen that the mean score of psychological wellbeing of peritoneal dialysis patients is 34.71±9.71, and the mean total score of COVID-19 phobia is 61.85±17.73. It was determined that the 18.9% variance in psychological well-being in peritoneal dialysis patients was due to coronavirus phobia. Social distance and longterm restrictions and uncertainties brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic process have negatively affected people in terms of coronavirus phobia and psychological well-being. In this process, early diagnosis of peritoneal dialysis patients with coronavirus phobia and arranging appropriate psychological interventions are important.
Multimodal presentation of video content in French and German classes
Authors:   Saratov State law academy, Kalinina Marina G. , Kudryashova Sofiya V. ,   Saratov State law academy
Published: March 2022

Modern technologies allow us to expand the possibilities of classes and lead to the need to use new forms of education. Currently, a scientific direction is developing in the study of multimodal texts and the development of new educational technologies. The visual range in general plays a huge, sometimes decisive role in digital communication. In this area, new phenomena based on images are constantly emerging and spreading at lightning speed: emoticons (graphic symbols), GIFs, and so on.This article is devoted to the use of video materials in the classroom in French and German. The article lists the criteria for the selection of video material, considers the classification of training videos and the features of their organization in teaching the language of professional communication in a law school. In the article, the authors also describe their own experience of using educational video resources at Saratov State Law Academy, authentic videos on Youtube channels dedicated to the study of law, helping students in the learning process. The authors come to the conclusion that the rational use of video materials contributes to a deeper involvement of students in the study of a foreign language, stimulates the development of creative thinking, social skills, promotes the acquisition of knowledge, skills and understanding, speaking and writing. The authors emphasize that only novelty and creativity can form a sustainable interest in learning a foreign language, especially in the legal field. This is facilitated by the creation of such a learning process, when students can continuously learn new aspects of learning activities; see its prospects and application to practice.
A ação profissional do assessor pedagógico universitário (APU)
Authors: Carrasco Ligia Bueno Zangali , Azevedo Maria Antonia Ramos de
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo objetiva compreender a trajetória e a atuação profissional dos assessores pedagógicos universitários, a partir de uma investigação de abordagem qualitativa, de cunho exploratório, que se utilizou do método de estudo de caso múltiplo, com dados analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Foram investigados assessores de quatro universidades, sendo duas no Brasil, uma na Argentina e uma no Uruguai, cujos dados foram coletados entre 2018 e 2019. A análise indica que a profissionalidade do assessor está em desenvolvimento, no entanto, há inúmeros desafios que ele precisa superar, como a falta de autonomia, apoio institucional, legitimidade na função e a formação pedagógica do docente universitário. Concluímos que, relacionados ao desenvolvimento de sua profissionalidade e à superação dos ditos desafios, são necessários saberes profissionais específicos do assessor pedagógico universitário que, se desenvolvidos, podem auxiliar para o alcance de sua legitimidade profissional.
Analisis Data Hotspot di Kawasan Strategis Provinsi (KSP) Rawa Batang Banyu Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2009–2018
Authors: Primaraniyanti Agda , Ridwan Ichsan , Sudarningsih Sudarningsih
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT− Forest and land fires are a very serious issue in Indonesia, especially in KSP Rawa Batang Banyu which has the potential to experience sustainable development. Hotspots created by NASA-FIRMS (National Aeronautics and Space Administration - Fire Information for Resource Management System) can indicate forest and land fires. The purpose of this study is to analyze the number and density of hotspots with the correlation between hotspots and rainfall with ONI and rainfall in the last 10 years (2009-2018). This study uses Spatial analysis, Time Series Analysis, Pearson Correlation analysis, with hotspot, rainfall, and ONI data that have been released. As a result, the hotspot density conditions in each region were concentrated in Cintapuri Darussalam, Banjar Regency and Binuang, Tapin Regency. Real-Time Analysis shows the highest number of hotspots in the 2009-2018 period reached its highest point in September. Pearson correlation analysis between hotspot and rainfall data shows a value of -0.224 which indicates that the relationship is very weak and inversely proportional. The correlation between ONI data and rainfall shows a value of -0.066 which indicates that the relationship is weaker than the previous correlation and also inversely proportional.
Hubungan Pasang Surut Air Laut terhadap Pergerakan Transportasi Kapal di Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Efendi Muhammad , Hasadi Hasa Noor , Rukmana Ananta Dandy
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini berjudul “Hubungan Pasang Surut air laut terhadap Pergerakan transportasi Kapal di Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin”. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pasang surut, pergerakan kapal dan hubungannya. Hubungan pasang surut dengan pergerakan kapal di Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin menunjukkan pergerakan Transportasi kapal di pelabuhan tersebut, bermanfaat untuk perencanaan segala sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan kemajuan dan kesejahteraan penduduk, misalnya dengan lancarnnya transportasi kapal maka sirkulasi barang yang masuk ke Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan akan mengalami kelancaran juga. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan perhitungan dengan menggunakan rumus Korelasi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan pasang surut air laut dengan pergerakan transportasi Kapal di Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin  mempunyai hubungan yang relatif sangat lemah antara tinggi pasang dengan pergerakan kapal yang merapat ke dermaga dalam periode 5 tahun dari tahun 2007 sampai 2011 dengan persentase tiap tahunnya sebagai berikut; (1) 51% ditahun 2007. (2) 0.4% ditahun 2008. (3) 1% ditahun 2009. (4) 1.1% ditahun 2010. (5) 1% ditahun 2011. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pasang surut tidak terlalu besar mempengaruhi pergerakan transportasi kapal di Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin. Kata Kunci: Hubungan, Pasang surut, Kapal, Pelabuhan
INDIKATOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERNIKAHAN DINI DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Ratnasari Dwi , Kartika Norma Yuni , Normelani Ellyn
Published: March 2022

Pernikahan adalah penyatuan pria dan wanita dalam suatu hubungan berdasarkan hukum tertentu. Bagi orang yang ingin menikah, ada beberapa aturan dari negara tersebut, salah satunya adalah usia minimal untuk menikah. Hal tersebut telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 sebagai Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Menurut peraturan terbaru, usia perkawinan minimal 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan perempuan. Pernikahan dini mengalami penurunan yang cukup banyak dalam tiga puluh tahun terakhir, namun nyatanya masih banyak daerah di Indonesia yang masih mempraktikkan pernikahan, khususnya Kalimantan Selatan. Berdasarkan data BPS, prevalensi kawin anak di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 sebesar 24 persen. Pada tahun 2015, prevalensi kawin anak hanya menurun sekitar 1 persen. Penurunan prevalensi perkawinan anak di Indonesia tergolong lambat. UNICEF dalam laporannya tahun 2014 menyatakan bahwa dalam tiga dekade terakhir, pernikahan anak di Indonesia mengalami penurunan kurang dari setengahnya. Berdasarkan data BPS tahun 2018, Kalimantan Selatan merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah kasus kawin usia dini tertinggi di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 22,77%. Data inilah yang menjadi dasar penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melihat dua penelitian sebelumnya mengenai studi bertema pernikahan muda di Kalimantan Selatan kemudian membandingkannya dengan data BPS tahun 2018 tentang pernikahan dini itu sendiri. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah aspek ekonomi seperti kebanyakan daerah lainnya, aspek pendidikan sebagai faktor utama penentu keputusan menikah dini,
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMBANGUNAN DI DESA SEMANGAT DALAM KECAMATAN ALALAK KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Azizah Nor Aufa , Riadi Selamat , Nugroho Arif Rahman
Published: March 2022

Abstrak. Penelitian ini menelaah mengenai strategi pengelolaan dana desa pada wilayah Desa Semangat Dalam karena masih terdapat banyak desa di Indonesia yang belum dapat mengelola dan memanfaatkan dana desa sesuai yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat desa. Menurunnya kualitas infrastruktur dan kemampuan organisasi pemerintah desa dalam mengelola dana desa mengakibatkan beberapa masalah yang terjadi di Desa Semangat Dalam. Hal ini berdampak besar bagi masyarakat dalam meningkatkan ekonomi yang lebih baik untuk kesejahteraan hidup. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif metode studi kasus, serta menggunakan analisis SWOT. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi strategi pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Semangat Dalam dalam upaya meningkatkan pembangunan desa. Strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan pembangunan desa melalui pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Semangat Dalam adalah memaksimalkan dana bantuan supaya dapat meningkatkan aspek di bidang ekonomi dan memanfaatkan SDM yang cukup potensial, menjalin kerjasama yang kooperatif antara pemerintah pusat dengan pemerintah desa yang dituangkan dalam suatu kebijakan pembangunan dan menciptakan lapangan kerja.Kata Kunci: pengelolaan, dana desa, pembangunan, analisis SWOT
Compounded Nonsterile Preparations and FDA-Approved Commercially Available Liquid Products for Children: A North American Update
Authors: Parrish Richard , Ashworth Lisa D. , Löbenberg Raimar , Benavides Sandra , Cies Jeffrey J. , MacArthur Robert B.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of recently US Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) approved and marketed oral liquid, powder, or granule products for children in North America, to identify the next group of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) that have high potential for development as commercially available FDA-approved finished liquid dosage forms , and to propose lists of compounded nonsterile preparations (CNSPs) that should developed as commercially available FDA-approved finished liquid dosage forms as well as those that pharmacists should continue to compound extemporaneously. Through this identification and categorization process, the pharmaceutical industry, government, and the professions are encouraged to continue to work together to improve the likelihood that patients will receive high quality standardized extemporaneous CNSPs and US-FDA-approved products.
Distribución, frecuencia y abundancia de plantas vasculares no permanentes: comparación geográfica a escala local en dos espacios de La Alcarria (España)
Authors: García-Abad Alonso Juan-Javier
Published: March 2022

La distribución geográfica de las plantas, su frecuencia y abundancia constituyen importantes resortes para conocer la biodiversidad. A estas propiedades conviene unir la temporalidad vegetativa para mejorar el conocimiento de sus ocurrencias geográficas. En este trabajo se analizan estas cuestiones a partir de la comparación de información florística detallada geográficamente en dos cuadrados UTM de 10×10 km (región natural de la Alcarria, centro de España). Se aplica la metodología de índices de ocupación de la flora previamente ensayada en estudios corológicos, que implica diferenciar dos grupos florísticos: de visibilidad permanente y no permanente durante el ciclo anual. Se exponen y comparan los datos generales sobre frecuencia y abundancia relativa de ambos grupos, así como una muestra de la distribución de doce plantas no permanentes en cuatro resoluciones espaciales (1, 4, 25 y 100 km²). Los resultados permiten comprobar que se mejora la confiabilidad corológica al derivar los datos de la resolución mayor a las menores, pese a perder detalle geográfico; que las clasificaciones de las plantas no permanentes con mayor frecuencia y con mayor abundancia relativa son parecidas, pero difieren; y que el uso de cuadrículas de 2 km de lado resulta apropiado para representar sus distribuciones a escala local.
A Comparative Study of Two Robotic Thyroidectomy Procedures: Transoral Vestibular Versus Bilateral Axillary-Breast Approach
Authors: he qingqing , Zhu Jian , Li Xiaolei , Wang Meng , Wang Gang , Zhou Peng , Wang Dan , Liu Changrui , Zheng Luming , Zhuang Dayong , Fan Ziyi , Yu Fang , Ma Yunhan , Cao Xianjiao , Wang Shuai , Yue Tao , Hu Jinzhi
Published: March 2022

Objective: To compare the surgical outcomes between the transoral-vestibular robotic thyroidectomy (TOVRT) and bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomies (BABART).Methods: A total of 99 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma without distant metastasis were enrolled in this study from May 2020 to April 2021. 99 patients had received an ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration prior to surgical intervention so the appropriate procedure can be planned. 49 patients underwent TOVRT, and another 50 patients underwent BABART. We performed TOVRT using three intraoral ports or adding the right axillary fold incision to enhance fine countertraction of tissue for radical oncological dissection. The clinical data such as age, gender, height, weight, BMI, primary tumor size, number of central lymph node removed, central lymph node metastasis, operating time, total hospital stays, postoperative hospital stays, total postoperative drainage volume, postoperative pain score, cosmetic effect and complications were observed and analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, height, weight, BMI and removed central lymph nodes between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Lobectomy or total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection using two different robotic thyroidectomy approaches were performed in 99 cases. In all cases, we used intraoperative neuro-monitoring system and confirmed that all RLNs were preserved. All patients had papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC)． Patients accepted TOVRT were younger than who accepted BABART and patients who accepted TOVRT had smaller primary tumor size. The TOVRT group had a longer surgical time than the BABART group, and was superior in postoperative drainage volume and cosmetic effect (visual analogue scale, VAS)(all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in lymph node metastasis, hospital stay and postoperative pain score (numerical rating scale, NRS) between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, there were some peculiar complications such as paresthesia of the lower lip and the chin (one case), surgical site infection (one case) and skin burn (one case) in transoral thyroidectomy. Conclusion: Transoral-vestibular robotic thyroidectomy is safe and feasible for selected patients, which is a potential alternative approach for patients who require no scarring of the neck.
Analysis of the miRNA expression profile of laboratory red crucian carp under low-dose caesium-137 irradiation
Authors: Wang Yude , Liao Xiaoli , Chen kejie , Zhang Zhaohui , Liu Yuxin , Yang JingPing , Wu Duansheng
Published: March 2022

Radiation can cause the differential expression of biological miRNA molecules, but research on miRNAs and biological radiation damage is insufficient. This research was based on the development of the experimental animal resource laboratory red crucian carp (LRCC) to explore the feasibility of its application in the detection of low-dose ionizing radiation-induced biological damage in aquatic environments and the development of related molecular markers. Adult LRCC were irradiated with caesium-137 at 0.3 Gy, while RNA-seq and bioinformatics techniques were used to identify miRNAs that were differentially expressed relative to their levels in the nonirradiation group. Analysis of liver sections showed that liver cells in the radiation group showed nuclear pyknosis. In this study, 34 miRNAs differentially expressed in the liver of LRCC after irradiation were identified, among which seven were new crucian carp miRNAs; the prediction analysis of their target genes showed that a total of 632 target genes were predicted. The results of comprehensive GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses showed that these target genes were mainly involved in energy transfer and material catabolism, especially malonyl-CoA biosynthesis, acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism; in addition, the AMPK signalling pathway was the most active pathway. This study shows that LRCC have a certain sensitivity to radiation, and the miRNAs identified may be used as preselected biomarkers for radiation damage detection.
QKI Degradation in Macrophage by RNF6 Protects Mice from MRSA Infection Via Enhancing PI3K P110β Dependent Autophagy.
Authors: Zhai Dongsheng , Wang Wenwen , Ye Zichen , Xue Ke , Chen Guo , Hu Sijun , Yan Zhao , Guo Yanhai , Wang Fang , Li Xubo , Xiang An , Li Xia , Lu Zifan , Wang Li
Published: March 2022

Background: Sepsis is a fatal condition commonly caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a high death rate. Macrophages can protect the host from various microbial pathogens by recognizing and eliminating them. Earlier we found that Quaking (QKI), an RNA binding protein (RBP), was involved in differentiation and polarization of macrophages. However, the role of QKI in sepsis caused by pathogenic microbes, specifically MRSA, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of QKI in regulation of host-pathogen interaction in MRSA-induced sepsis and explored the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Transmission electron microscope and immunoﬂuorescence were used to observe the autophagy level in macrophages. Real-time PCR and western blot were used to analyzed the expression of mRNA and protein respectively. The potential protein interaction was analyzed by iTRAQ mass spectrometry and Immunoprecipitation. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to explore the mechanism of QKI regulating mRNA of PI3K-p110β.Results: The mRNA level of QKI was aberrantly decreased in monocytes and PBMCs of septic patients with the increasing level of plasma procalcitonin (PCT). Then the mice with myeloid specific knockout of QKI was challenged with MRSA or Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP). Mice in these two models displayed higher survival rates and lower bacterial loads. Mechanistically, QKI deletion promoted phagocytosis and autophagic degradation of MRSA via activating p110β (a member of Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinases) mediated autophagic response. QKI expression in macrophages led to the sequestration of p110β in mRNA processing (P) bodies and translational repression. Upon infection, the direct interaction of RNF6, a RING-type E3 ligase, mediated QKI ubiquitination degradation and facilitated PI3K-p110β related autophagic removal of pathogen. The administration of nanoparticles with QKI specific siRNA significantly protected mice from MRSA infection. Conclusions: This study disclosed the novel function of QKI in the P body mRNA regulation during infection. QKI degradation in macrophage by RNF6 protects mice from MRSA infection via enhancing PI3K-p110β dependent autophagy. It suggested that QKI may serve as a potential theranostic marker in MRSA-induced sepsis.
Optimal Multiple Echo Recombined Gradient Echo Imaging Conditions for the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex
Authors: Hori Hiroki , Naka Takanori , Minami Hiroaki , Hondera Tetsuichi , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Takahashi Mitsuyuki
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the optimal scan conditions of multiple echo recombined gradient echo to obtain high signal and contrast-to-noise ratio in the triangular fibrocartilage complex. The triangular fibrocartilage complexes of 10 healthy volunteers were imaged with varying repetition times and flip angles. The signal value and contrast-to-noise ratio were measured at the disk proper, lunar bone, and synovial fluid. Data expressed as means ± standard deviation were compared by Student’s t-tests. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. The tendency for contrast-to-noise ratio change was similar to that of the average signal value and peaked at 600 ms repetition time and 50˚ flip angle. Therefore, a repetition time of 600 ms and a flip angle of 50° were the optimal multiple echo recombined gradient echo scan conditions to obtain high signal and a contrast-to-noise ratio for the triangular fibrocartilage complex.
The extent and nature of television food and non-alcoholic beverage advertising to children during Chinese New Year in Beijing, China
Authors: Lei Nan , Liu Zechen , Xiang Lin , Ye Lihong , Zhang Juan
Published: March 2022

Background: Exposure to food and non-alcoholic beverage advertisements (F&B ads) on television, which can affect children’s nutrition knowledge, food consumption, diet quality, and purchasing preferences, is one aspect of the obesogenic environment. This aspect has been well-studied and assessed in many countries. In China, however, only few studies have been done in earlier years and all of them were focus on regular days. This study aimed to assess the extent and nature of F&B ads on TV during the public holiday directed towards children aged 4-14 years in Beijing.Method: Top 3 channels viewed by children aged 4–14 years in Beijing were selected by TV viewership data, survey, and expert consultation. Each channel was recorded for 7 days (24 hours) during the public holiday of the Chinese New Year. F&B ads were coded and analyzed following the adapted food promotion module of INFORMAS protocol. Three nutrient profile models were used to classify F&B ads as healthy or unhealthy F&B.Results: Of the 10,082 ads in 504-hour recorded programs, 42.9% were F&B ads. The hourly average ads and F&B ads per channel were 19.8 (SD=15.32) and 8.6 (SD=9.84), while that was higher on the national children’s channel (17.15 (SD=12.25), P＜0.05) than other channels. Of F&B ads classified with the three nutrient profile models, more than 55% were unhealthy for children. The categories most frequently advertised were savory snacks, milk drinks, nonpermitted milk drinks, cakes/sweet biscuits, and beverages. Unhealthy F&B ads were more likely to use promotional characters, brand benefit claims, and health claims than permitted F&B ads (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Children in Beijing were exposed to a high proportion of unhealthy F&B ads during the Chinese New Year holiday. Our findings support the need to assess and regulate TV F&B ads marketing for children.
Expression of the Interferon Regulatory Factor Family and Its Prognostic Value in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zeng Jiawei , Yu Lian , Zhong Mengya , Zhang Li , Zheng Huijian , Li Guowei , Zhou Yong , Xu Bing
Published: March 2022

The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family was correlated to diverse diseases. However, systematic studies of the IRF gene family in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have not been reported yet. We analyzed the different transcripts of the IRF family associated with the survival and clinical data of patients with AML via the GEPIA, LinkedOmics, and TCGA databases. The results revealed that the expression levels of IRF1/2/4/5/7/8/9 were up-regulated while those of IRF3/6 were down-regulated in AML patients compared with normal donors. Moreover, high expression levels of IRF1/7/9 were significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS). We further collected the clinical and survival data of newly diagnosed AML patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from April 2018 to September 2020. In consistent with the outcomes from bioinformatics, the results from analysis of the biospecimens in our center showed that high expression levels of IRF1 and IRF7 predicted a poor prognosis. Overall, our study highlighted that the overexpression of IRF1/7/9 may be related with adverse prognosis and dismal survival in AML patients, indicating that the IRF family might serve as potential therapeutic targets.
Comprehensive Analysis of the PD-L1 and Immune Infiltrates of N6-Methyladenosine Related Long Non-Coding RNAs in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Xue MQ , Wang YL , Wang JC , Wang XD , Wang XJ , Zhang YQ
Published: March 2022

Background & Aim:Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most frequent genitourinary cancers, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The connection of m6A-related lncRNAs with PD-L1 and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in BLCA prognosis was extensively investigated in this study, which could suggest novel therapeutic targets for further investigation. Results:30 m6A-associated lncRNAs with predictive values from the TCGA data set were identified with co-expression analysis. Cluster2 was correlated with a poor prognosis,upregulated PD-L1 expression, and higher immune ratings. Cluster2 had larger amounts of resting CD4 memory-activated T cells, M2 macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells infiltration. “CHEMOKINE SIGNALING PATHWAY” was the most significantly enriched signaling pathway according to GSEA，which may play an important role in the diffrent immune cell infiltrates between cluster1/2. The risk model for m6A-related lncRNAs could be employed in a prognostic model to predict BLCA prognosis, regardless of other clinical features. Collectively, m6A-related lncRNAs were linked to PD-L1 and TIME, which would dynamically affect the number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Conclusion:m6A-related lncRNAs may be key mediators of PD-L1 expression and immune cells infiltration and may strongly affect the TIME of BLCA.
Corrosion-resistant and high-entropic non-noble metal bifunctional electrodes for PEM-type water electrolyser
Authors: Tajuddin Aimi , Wakisaka Mitsuru , Ohto Tatsuhiko , Yu Yue , Fukushima Haruki , Tanimoto Hisanori , Elumalai Ganesan , Misu Yoshitatsu , Jeong Samuel , Fujita Jun-ichi , Tada Hirokazu , Fujita Takeshi , Takano Kaori , Matsuoka Koji , Sato Yasushi , Ito Yoshikazu
Published: March 2022

To realise sustainable hydrogen economy, corrosion-resistant non-noble metal catalysts are needed to replace catalysts based on noble metals. The combination of passivation elements and catalytically active elements is crucial for simultaneously achieving high corrosion resistance and high catalytic activity. Here, we investigated the self-selection/reconstruction characteristics of multi-element (nonary) alloys that could automatically redistribute suitable elements and rearrange surface structures under the target reaction conditions. We found the following synergetic effect (i.e. cocktail effect) among the elements: Ti, Zr, Nb, and Mo significantly contribute to passivation, whereas Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe enhance the catalytic activity. Practical water electrolysis experiments showed that the self-selected/reconstructed multi-element alloy demonstrates high performance in proton exchange membrane (PEM)-type water electrolysis without obvious degeneration during stability tests, verifying the alloy’s resistance to corrosion in a practical PEM electrolyser.
A Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial of Mechanical Axis with Soft Tissue Release Balancing vs Functional Alignment with Bony Resection Balancing in Total Knee Replacement – A Study Using Stryker Mako Robotic-Arm Assisted Technology
Authors: Young Simon W , Zeng Nina , Tay Mei Lin , Fulker David , Esposito Christina , Carter Matthew , Bayan Ali , Farrington Bill J , Rooyen Rupert Van , Walker Matthew L
Published: March 2022

Background: Improving the functional outcome following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) by using different alignment techniques remains controversial. The surgical techniques and technologies used so far to obtain these alignments have all suffered from inaccuracies. The use of robotic technology to plan and execute the bony resection provides increased accuracy for these various alignment techniques and may determine which will deliver superior function. Functional alignment (FA) is a newer surgical technique that aims to position the prosthesis with respect to each patients’ specific bony anatomy whilst minimising disruption to the soft tissue envelope. This trial aims to compare the patient and surgical outcomes of FA to the current gold standard surgical technique, Mechanical alignment (MA), under randomised and blinded conditions. Methods: Patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis will be prospectively recruited. Following informed consent 240 patients will be randomised to either a MA surgical technique (the control group) or a FA surgical technique (the intervention group) at a ratio of 4:1 using a random number generator. All patients will undergo computer tomography (CT) based Robotic-Arm Assisted Surgery to execute planned implant positioning and alignment with high levels of accuracy. The primary outcome is the forgotten joint score (FJS) at 2-years post-operation. Secondary outcome measures include patient reported outcome measures of post-operative rehabilitation, pain, function, and satisfaction, as well as limb alignment, implant revisions and adverse events. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol population analysis will also be conducted. Standardisation of the surgical system and care pathways will minimise variation and assist in both patient and physiotherapist blinding. Ethical approval was obtained from the Northern B Health and Disability Ethics Committee (20/NTB/10). Discussion: Currently MA remains the gold standard in knee replacement due to proven outcomes and excellent long-term survivorship. There are many alternative alignment techniques in the literature, all with the goal of improving patient outcomes. This study is unique in that it leverages an advanced analytics tool to assist the surgeon in achieving balance. Both alignment techniques will be executed with high precision using the CT-based Robotic-Arm Assisted Surgery system which will minimise surgical variation. This trial design will help determine if FA delivers superior outcomes for patients. Trial registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12620000009910. Registered on 9th January 2020. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04600583. Registered on 29th September 2020.
The addition of exogenous low-molecular-weight organic acids improved phytoremediation by Bidens Pilosa L. in Cd-contaminated soil
Authors: Yang Qing , Xie Junting , Liu Huijun , Fang Zhiguo
Published: March 2022

Enhancing the uptake and enrichment of heavy metals in plants is one of the important means to strengthen phytoremediation. In the present study, citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA), and malic acid (MA) were applied to enhance phytoremediation by Bidens Pilosa L. in Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that by the addition of appropriate concentrations of CA, TA, and MA, the values of the bioaccumulation factor increased by 77.98%, 78.33%, and 64.49%, respectively, the transport factor values increased by 16.45%, 12.61%, and 5.73%, respectively, and the values of the phytoextraction rates increased by 169.21%, 71.28%, and 63.11%, respectively. The minimum fluorescence values of leaves decreased by 31.62%, 0.28%, and 17.95%, while the potential efficiency of the PSII values of leaves increased 117.87%, 2.25%, and 13.18%, respectively, when CA, TA, and MA with suitable concentration were added. Redundancy analysis showed that CA and MA in plants were significantly positively correlated with plant growth, photosynthesis, and other indicators, whereas TA showed a negative correlation with most indicators. Moreover, CA addition could significantly increase the abundances of Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, and other growth-promoting bacteria, and the abundance values of Actinophytocola and Ensifer were improved in TA treatments. Therefore, our results demonstrated that low-molecular-weight organic acids could enhance phytoremediation, and exogenous CA could significantly improve the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Bidens Pilosa L.
If you build it, will they come? Realist analysis of whether Emergency Departments with primary care services generate ‘provider-induced demand’.
Authors: Joy McFadzean Isobel , Edwards Michelle , Davies Freya , Cooper Alison , Price Delyth , Carson-Stevens Andrew , Hughes Thomas , Porter Alison , Harrington Barbara , Evans Bridie Angela , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Anderson Pippa , Edwards Adrian , Dale Jeremy
Published: March 2022

Background: It is not known whether emergency departments (EDs) with primary care services influence demand for non-urgent care (‘provider-induced demand’). We proposed that distinct primary care services in EDs encourages primary care demand, whereas primary care integrated within EDs may be less likely to cause additional demand. We aimed to explore this and explain contexts (C), mechanisms (M) and outcomes (O) influencing demand. Methods: We used realist evaluation methodology and observed ED service delivery. 24 patients and 106 staff members (including Clinical Directors and General Practitioners) were interviewed at 13 EDs in England and Wales (240 hours of observations across 30 days). Field notes from observations and interviews were analysed by creating ‘CMO’ configurations to develop and refine theories relating to drivers of demand. Results: EDs with distinct primary care services were perceived to attract demand for primary care because services were visible, known or enabled direct access to health care services. Other influencing factors included patients’ experiences of accessing primary care, community care capacity, service design and population characteristics. Conclusions: Patient, local-system and wider-system factors can contribute to additional demand at EDs that include primary care services. Our findings can inform service providers and policymakers in developing strategies to limit the effect of potential influences on additional demand when demand exceeds capacity.
Development and Validation of a Self-Care Scale for Older Adults undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: The HFS-SC
Authors: Yeom Hye-Ah , Jeon Eun-Jeong , Sohng Kyeong-Yae
Published: March 2022

Background: The ability to take care of oneself after hip fracture surgery is important for older adults. Various scales have been developed for evaluation of this ability, but a scale specifically focusing on hip fracture has not been developed. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale (Hip Fracture Surgery Self-Care Scale, HFS-SC) to evaluate self-care for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods: The scale was developed according to the guidelines by DeVellis. Initial items were derived from a literature review and individual interviews with 11 older adults who underwent hip fracture surgery. To confirm the suitability of the questions, a preliminary survey was conducted on 25 older adults. Psychometric testing was performed on 300 older adults 65 years old or over living at home after surgery for hip fracture. Psychometric properties of the scale were examined by content validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability. Results: Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the 18-item scale comprised five factors (functional independence, symptom recognition and management, positive mental health, participation and support in social activities, and a safe environment). The reliabilities of the scale were 0.91 for Cronbach’s alpha and 0.815 for test-retest reliability. Conclusions: The HFS-SC has acceptable validity and reliability and is expected to be useful for evaluating the levels of self-care for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery.
The Climate Benefit of Sequestration for Warming Mitigation and Systems-Level Analysis
Authors: Crow Susan E. , Sierra Carlos A.
Published: March 2022

Soils are a promising reservoir to store carbon (C) and mediate greenhouse gas emissions; however, long timescales are required to store amounts of C of relevance to mitigate climate change. Here we conceptually and computationally connect the concepts of permanence (policy) and persistence (biogeosciences) to the amount of warming that is avoided while C is stored in ecosystems, including soils. This connection is made through the concepts of Carbon Sequestration (CS) and Climate Benefit of Sequestration (CBS), two metrics that informs us about how much C, for how long, and how much warming is avoided by storing C in natural reservoirs. We argue that these metrics are needed to better inform policy discussions about CO 2 removal and storage in natural sinks. The CS and CBS metrics and their definitions allow us to obtain the net climate effect of simultaneous emission and sequestration of C fixed in terrestrial systems. To demonstrate the utility of these concepts, we show here that for soil C sequestration efforts to be as effective at reducing warming as avoiding emissions, actions do not need to increase the size of the oldest C pools; instead, actions should focus on retaining the new inputs a little bit (about a decade) longer. CS and CBS can assist with the ongoing policy debates through communication and computation of these benefits across multiple scales and system complexity.
Upregulation of hsa_circ_0002003 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Zhou Lisha , Hou Jun , Wu Xiangwei , Wang Lianghai , Chen Xueling
Published: March 2022

Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are involved in various human malignancies, have emerged as promising biomarkers. The present study aimed to investigate unique expression profiles of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identify novel biomarkers associated with HCC development and progression.
Methods
CircRNA expression profiles of HCC tissues were jointly analyzed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs. Overexpression plasmid and siRNA targeting candidate circRNAs were used in functional assays in vitro. CircRNA-miRNA interactions were predicted using miRNAs expressed in the miRNA-seq dataset GSE76903. To further screen downstream genes that are targeted by the miRNAs, survival analysis and qRT-PCR were conducted to evaluate their prognostic role in HCC and to construct a ceRNA regulatory network.
Results
Three significantly upregulated circRNAs, hsa_circ_0002003, hsa_circ_0002454, and hsa_circ_0001394, and one significantly downregulated circRNA, hsa_circ_0003239, were identified and validated by qRT-PCR. Our in vitro data indicated that upregulation of hsa_circ_0002003 accelerated cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, DTYMK, DAP3, and STMN1, which were targeted by hsa-miR-1343-3p, were significantly downregulated in HCC cells when hsa_circ_0002003 was silenced and were significantly correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC.
Conclusion
Hsa_circ_0002003 may play critical roles in HCC pathogenesis and serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC. Targeting the hsa_circ_0002003/hsa-miR-1343-3p/STMN1 regulatory axis could be an effective therapeutic strategy in patients with HCC.