bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new VIKOR-based in-sample-out-of-sample classifier with application in bankruptcy prediction
Authors: Ouenniche Jamal , Bouslah Kais , Perez-Gladish Blanca , Xu Bing
Published: April 2019

Nowadays, business analytics has become a common buzzword in a range of industries, as companies are increasingly aware of the importance of high quality predictions to guide their pro-active planning exercises. The financial industry is amongst those industries where predictive analytics techniques are widely used to predict both continuous and discrete variables. Conceptually, the prediction of discrete variables comes down to addressing sorting problems, classification problems, or clustering problems. The focus of this paper is on classification problems as they are the most relevant in risk-class prediction in the financial industry. The contribution of this paper lies in proposing a new classifier that performs both in-sample and out-of-sample predictions, where in-sample predictions are devised with a new VIKOR-based classifier and out-of-sample predictions are devised with a CBR-based classifier trained on the risk class predictions provided by the proposed VIKOR-based classifier. The performance of this new non-parametric classification framework is tested on a dataset of firms in predicting bankruptcy. Our findings conclude that the proposed new classifier can deliver a very high predictive performance, which makes it a real contender in industry applications in finance and investment.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The effects of a recruitment manoeuvre with positive end-expiratory pressure on lung compliance in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kudoh Osamu , Satoh Daizoh , Hori Naosuke , Kawagoe Izumi , Inada Eiichi
Published: April 2019

The effects of a recruitment manoeuvre (RM) with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on lung compliance (CLUNG) are not well characterised in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP). Patients were allocated to group R (n = 10; with an RM) or C (n = 9; without an RM). An RM involved sustained inflation of 30 cmH2O for 30 s. The lungs were ventilated with volume-controlled ventilation with tidal volume of 7 mL kg−1 of predicted body weight and fraction of inspired oxygen of 0.5. End-tidal carbon dioxide pressure was maintained at normocapnia. Patients were in the horizontal lithotomy position (pre-op). After pneumoperitoneum, patients underwent RARP in a steep Trendelenburg lithotomy position at a PEEP level of 0 cmH2O (RARP0). An RM was used in the R group but not in the C group. Patients were then ventilated with 5 cmH2O PEEP for 1 h after RARP0 (RARP5.1) and 2 h after RARP0 (RARP5.2). Oesophageal pressure and airway pressure were measured for calculating CLUNG and chest wall compliance. CLUNG significantly decreased from pre-op to RARP0 and did not significantly increase from RARP0 to RARP5.1 and RARP5.2 in either group. CLUNG differed significantly between groups at RARP5.1 and RARP5.2 (103 ± 30 vs. 68 ± 11 mL cm−1 H2O and 106 ± 35 vs. 72 ± 9 mL cm−1 H2O; P < 0.05). In patients undergoing RARP, with the addition of RM, the CLUNG was effectively increased from the horizontal lithotomy position to the steep Trendelenburg lithotomy position under pneumoperitoneum.
Ski-Everest (8848 m) Expedition: Digit Skin Temperature Responses to Cold Immersion May Reflect Susceptibility to Cold Injury
Authors: Gorjanc Jurij , Morrison Shawnda A. , McDonnell Adam C. , Mekjavic Polona Jaki , Blagus Rok , Mekjavic Igor B.
Published: April 2019

Introduction

We tested the hypothesis that individual susceptibility to freezing cold injury might be reflected in an attenuated cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) response by comparing the CIVD responses of an elite alpinist with a history of freezing cold injury in the feet (case alpinist) with those of an age- and ability- matched noninjured alpinists control group (controls). According to this hypothesis, the vasomotor responses to a CIVD test of the case alpinist would represent a pathophysiological response when compared with the normal physiological response of a noninjured cohort.

Methods

The case alpinist and the controls in the cohort group conducted a cold water immersion test comprising sequential immersion of a hand and foot for 5 min in 35°C water, followed by a 30-min immersion in 8°C water and a 10-min recovery period in room air. During this test we monitored the finger and toe skin temperatures.

Results

The case alpinist had a significantly attenuated CIVD response and a lower skin temperature in all injured and noninjured digits during immersion (∼2°C lower than in the control group) and an attenuated recovery of finger skin temperatures (∼6°C lower than in the control group).

Conclusions

The attenuated CIVD response of the case alpinist may reflect a previously unrecognized enhanced susceptibility to frostbite. In addition to the poor vasomotor response observed in the injured toes, he also exhibited a poor vasomotor response in his noninjured fingers. The results of the present study indicate that a test of vasomotor activity during thermal stress may identify individuals predisposed to cold injury.
Ezechielus the Dramatist and Ezekiel the Prophet: Is the Mysterious ζῷον in the Ἐξαγωγή a Phoenix?
Authors: Wacholder Ben Zion , Bowman Steven
Published: April 2019

The TextThe last sixteen lines of the remnants of theExagōgēby the playwright Ezechielus depict the appearance of a wondrous and mysteriousζῷον. Since the fifth or sixth century, exegetes, with the singular exception of Israel Abrahams (see below, notes 33 and 56) have identified this wondrous creature with the mythical phoenix. This paper argues, however, that theζῷονin theExagōgēis a huge eagle that serves as a metaphor for God, drawn from Exod 19:4 and from chaps. 1 and 17 of the book of Ezekiel.
Sacrifice and Its Spiritualization In The Christian and Hindu Traditions: A Study In Comparative Theology
Authors: Clooney Francis X.
Published: April 2019

The following exposition of a certain pattern of the spiritualization of sacrifice in the Christian and Hindu traditions is an experiment in “comparative theology”: that discipline within theology which seeks to reflect upon data from two (diverse) religious traditions taken together, for the sake of the new light thereby shed upon the two sets of data and on related issues, particularly in one's own “home” tradition. In particular, I will juxtapose a certain understanding of the development of the Biblical theology of sacrifice with one line of development in orthodox Vedic liturgical theology and its heirs: the Pūrva (or “prior”) Mīmāṃsā of Jaimini (ca. 200 BCE), the Vedānta (Uttara or “latter” Mīṃāmsā) of Rāmānuja (ca. 1000 CE), and the Śrīvaiṣṇava theology of Vedānta Deśika. It is not my intention to break new ground in the study of either the Biblical or Mīmāṃsā traditions, but rather to show how certain information that is already available regarding each of these traditions might be used in a comparative fashion in order to illuminate the other, and to ask about the value of the method herein employed.
Ecological characterization of dredged and non-dredged bivalve fishing areas off south Portugal
Authors: Chícharo L. , Chícharo A. , Gaspar M. , Alves F. , Regala J.
Published: April 2019

Macro and meiobenthic communities of two fishing areas (Vilamoura and Lagos) in the western part of south Portugal (Algarve coast) were analysed. Both locations had been under severe dredge-fishing impact until four years previously. Vilamoura has since continued to be dredged, while fishing activity in Lagos was stopped in 1995 as a response to overfishing. For each location, three replicate areas were analysed at depths of 7–9 m. In each of these areas, 18 quadrats for macrofauna and 12 cores for meiofauna were randomly sampled by SCUBA divers during September 1999. The Shannon–Weiner diversity index was higher for meiofauna in the fished area, whereas macrofauna diversity was higher in the recently non-fished area. Bray–Curtis dissimilarity between the two areas was 87·82%. Major differences were found between Ampeliscidea, Amphiura mediterranea, Spisula solida, Haustoriidae, Nemertinea and Diogenes pugilator populations at the two sites. There was higher abundance but lower biomass of potential macrofaunal scavengers in the fished area, and carnivore biomass was also higher in this area. Deposit-feeders dominated meiofauna abundance in both study areas. The community structure of the continuously fished area was dominated by small, opportunistic, short-lived species while the community structure of the recently non-fished area was dominated by more fragile and long-living sessile organisms.
Reproductive ecology of the saltmarsh-dwelling marine ectoparasite Paragnathia formica (Crustacea: Isopoda)
Authors: Tinsley Matthew C. , Reilly Stephen D.
Published: April 2019

Adults of the isopod Paragnathia formica inhabit burrows in saltmarsh banks from which they release larvae during autumn high tides. Larvae pass through three moult stages, each of which feeds ectoparasitically on estuarine fish (including Pomatoschistus microps), before a final moult to a non-feeding adult stage. The entire energetic reserves for survival and reproduction up to nine months (females) or 16 months (males) later are therefore acquired during these three brief periods of parasitism. Application of a plankton sampling technique showed larval density in the water to vary considerably between successive high tides. High densities of larvae (1 per 1·2 l) occurred on only one tide during a week-long study, when a corresponding peak in parasite prevalence in the fish population (10%) was recorded. Peak larval release was observed as the tide rose, at a time when host fish have been reported to be in greatest abundance. Considerable larval longevity was demonstrated in the laboratory in the absence of food (mean=43 d). Data are interpreted, in conjunction with field observations, in relation to larval parasitism opportunities post-birth.
Early development of the red mouthed goby, Gobius cruentatus (Pisces: Gobiidae)
Authors: Gil Fátima , Borges Rita , Faria Cláudia , Gonçalves Emanuel J.
Published: April 2019

The full developmental embryonic sequence of Gobius cruentatus is described for the first time. Embryonic development lasted 13 days (14·0–15·0°C). The newly hatched larvae (3·3 mm total length) presented pigmented eyes, the yolk is fully absorbed, and the mouth and anus were opened allowing the onset of exogenous feeding almost after hatching.
Identification of the new arsenic-containing betaine, trimethylarsoniopropionate, in tissues of a stranded sperm whale Physeter catodon
Authors: Geiszinger Anita , Khokiattiwong Somkiat , Goessler Walter , Francesconi Kevin A.
Published: April 2019

Arsenic compounds in aqueous extracts of muscle, liver, kidney, and lung tissue taken from a sperm whale Physeter catodon (Mammalia: Cetacea) beached on a small island near Phuket in the Andaman Sea were determined by high performance liquid chromatography using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer as the arsenic specific detector. The total arsenic concentrations in the tissues (dry mass) were low, ranging from 0·3 μg g−1 for liver and lung, to 1·0 μg g−1 for muscle and 3·0 μg g−1 for kidney. Most of the arsenic (>60%) was extracted from the tissue into water, and the bulk (>80%) of this arsenic was present as arsenobetaine. Dimethylarsinate was present at low levels in all four tissues whereas arsenocholine was detected in kidney, liver and lung, but not in the muscle tissue. Another arsenic containing betaine, trimethylarsoniopropionate, was also present in all four tissues. This is only the second report of trimethylarsoniopropionate as a naturally-occurring arsenic compound.
A new species of Rosacea (Siphonophora: Calycophorae: Prayidae) from the Gulf of Oman
Authors: Pugh P.R.
Published: April 2019

A new species of the genus Rosacea (Siphonophora: Calycophorae: Prayidae) is described from the Gulf of Oman, where its eudoxid stage was found in abundance. It is distinguished from other Rosacea species by the course of the lateral radial canals on the nectosac of the nectophore, and the shape of the eudoxid bract and the arrangement of its bracteal canals.
PERSONAL IDENTITY AND SELF-OWNERSHIP
Authors: Feser Edward
Published: April 2019

Defenders of the thesis of self-ownership generally focus on the
“ownership” part of the thesis and say little about the
metaphysics of the self that is said to be self-owned. But not all
accounts of the self are consistent with robust self-ownership.
Philosophical accounts of the self are typically enshrined in theories of
personal identity, and the paper examines various such theories with a
view to determining their suitability for grounding a metaphysics of the
self consistent with self-ownership. As it happens, only one such theory
is suitable: the hylemorphic theory of Aristotle and Aquinas. To adopt
such a theory, however, is to see that self-ownership may in some respects
have implications different from those many of its defenders take it to
have.
RATIONALITY MEANS BEING WILLING TO SAY YOU'RE SORRY
Authors: Morse Jennifer Roback
Published: April 2019

What does a person really want when he asks for an apology? Why do
people so often find it difficult to give an apology? Repentance is
relevant to personal identity because the unrepentant soul has his own
theory of personal identity. The unrepentant person believes he is his
preference, and that he is entitled to the behavior that flows from
those preferences. This fact can explain why people are so often reluctant
to admit wrongdoing, why people place so much importance upon receiving an
apology and other behaviors that would be otherwise inexplicable. The
unrepentant person uses something akin to a naive economic theory of human
behavior. The naive version of homo economicus, or economic man,
can never truly be sorry for anything, and as a result, will be almost
impossible to live with. A person who identifies himself too closely with
his preferences will bring misery to himself and those around him.
PERSONAL IDENTITY AND POSTMORTEM SURVIVAL
Authors: Braude Stephen E.
Published: April 2019

The so-called “problem of personal identity” can be viewed
as either a metaphysical or an epistemological issue. Metaphysicians want
to know what it is for one individual to be the same person as
another. Epistemologists want to know how to decide if an
individual is the same person as someone else. These two problems converge
around evidence from mediumship and apparent reincarnation cases,
suggesting personal survival of bodily death and dissolution. These cases
make us wonder how it might be possible for a person to survive death and
either temporarily or permanently animate another body. And they make us
wonder how we could decide if such postmortem survival has actually
occurred. In this essay I argue, first, that metaphysical worries about
postmortem survival are less important than many have supposed. Next,
I'll consider briefly why cases suggesting postmortem survival can be
so intriguing and compelling, and I'll survey our principal
explanatory options and challenges. Then, I'll consider why we need
to be circumspect in our appraisal of evidence for mind-body correlations.
And finally, I'll try to draw a few tentative and provocative
conclusions.
Cost-effectiveness of new drugs: A systematic review of published evidence for new chemical entity drugs introduced on the Swedish market 1987–2000
Authors: Lundkvist Jonas , Jönsson Bengt , Rehnberg Clas
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The number of published economic evaluations has increased dramatically during the past decades, but the number of studies performed for different drugs varies substantially. The objective of this study was to analyze the amount of cost-effectiveness evidence for new drugs, by systematically reviewing the published evidence of cost-effectiveness.

Methods: The study included 442 new chemical entities, approved in Sweden between 1987 and 2000. The amount of cost-effectiveness evidence was rated and analyzed together with information about sales and the therapeutic benefit of the drugs. Information about cost-effectiveness was obtained from the Health Economic Evaluation Database.

Results: The results showed that most cost-effectiveness evidence was published approximately 1 to 5 years after the approval year and that very few articles were published before or during the approval year. More than half of the drugs did not have any evidence of their cost-effectiveness. A total of 51 of the evaluated drugs were considered having much evidence of cost-effectiveness, 84 drugs were considered having some evidence, and the remaining 307 drugs had little evidence. The analyses indicated that drugs with improved effectiveness or safety compared with other marked drugs had more evidence of cost-effectiveness and that drugs with low sale were likely to have less evidence of cost-effectiveness than drugs with high sale.

Conclusions: The study indicated that the publication of cost-effectiveness information for new drugs introduced between 1987 and 2000 may be considered rather rational, that is, the economic evaluations were performed for drugs for which this information was most important.
International comparison and review of a health technology assessment skills program
Authors: Wanke Margaret I. , Juzwishin Don
Published: April 2019

Objectives: A review of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research's (AHFMR) 6-month Health Technology Skills Development Program was undertaken within an international context with the purpose of describing and assessing the current program, further formalizing the program based on identified opportunities for improvement, and enhancing collaborative linkages with other agencies. The objectives of the review were to (i) compare the AHFMR program with similar programs in other health technology assessment (HTA) agencies internationally; (ii) assess the value of the program; (iii) identify program strengths and opportunities for improvement; and (iv) review, critique, and recommend enhancements to the program model and role description.

Methods: The review involved a qualitative study design that included a survey of the Skills Development Program participants' experience and perceptions; semistructured interviews with program stakeholders, and a written survey of HTA agencies/programs in other Canadian and international jurisdictions.

Conclusions: The review concluded that the program was successful and valued by participants, the Foundation, and stakeholders in the policy and research communities. Findings suggest participant products have a potential for broad influence, including impact on funding decisions related to technology diffusion, influence through publications and presentations, and knowledge transfer in the participants' disciplines and employment settings. The main opportunity for enhancement was to differentiate the program into two streams according to different needs of participants, specifically between those who desire to be HTA producers and/or make HTA their careers, and those who desire to apply HTA in their employment capacity as policy or clinical decision-makers.
More on a friend of Philippe de Vitry: Johannes Rufi de CrucealiasJean de Savoie
Authors: WATHEY ANDREW
Published: April 2019

Who was Jean de Savoie, the clerk with whom the composers Jean Campion and Philippe de Vitry penned the jeu-partiUlixea fulgensin 1350? This article uses Jean's hitherto unnoticed will and foundations at the church of Saint-Benoît-le-Bestourné, Paris, with other documentation, to bring together Jean's two identities in a unified biography (including a new date for his death, in 1354); to illustrate the close parallels between his own career and that of Philippe de Vitry, and to map the scope of opportunities for contact between them in and around the French royal court from the early 1320s onwards. Jean was also an artist and illustrator, and his career as one of the more prominent cartoonists of Philippe VI, king of France, throws light on potential contact with Vitry via the adoption by Louis I de Bourbon of the hitherto largely royal practice of charter illustration. In addition the properties acquired to support two chaplaincies endowed by Jean at Saint-Benoît demonstrate the extent to which he was professionally embedded in a network of royal councillors working in and around the Parlement in the 1330–50s, in which Vitry was also active. Also identified is a house acquired at Saint-Benoît by Gervès du Bus, author of the Roman de Fauvel.
Cantus figuratusand monastic re-figuration in the late medieval Veneto
Authors: REULAND JAMIE
Published: April 2019

In 1409 Ludovico Barbo arrived at the monastery of Santa Giustina in Padua, intent on its reformation. Since the late fourteenth century, the scriptorium at Santa Giustina had produced some of the most significant collections of polyphonic music to survive from the period, specialising in copying the avant-garde repertories of the Ars nova. Yet the reforms Barbo sought to introduce – reforms based on ideals he and a cohort of Venetians had been living out on the island of S. Giorgio in Alga – eschewed outward ostentation, and centred on prayerful engagement with the scene of Christ's Passion. Barbo's initiatives would seem at odds with the tradition of secular polyphony cultivated at the monastery in the years before his arrival. Official documents from the reform prohibit the practice of cantus figuratus and paint a picture of a uniformly spare music aesthetic.

Manuscript and material evidence from Santa Giustina and dependent houses tells a different story, and suggests that communities found use for the monastery's musical past within the reformed practice of prayer and meditation. Vestiges of this past appear in the most unlikely of places: the Good Friday rituals that Barbo himself worked to strip of polyphonic accoutrement. The efforts of individual monks, musicians and scribes – here Rolando da Casale, whose musical expertise Barbo enlisted in the copying of new liturgical manuscripts, and Johannes Preottonus – emerge as telling examples of the ways in which institutional histories come under the pressure of their individual actors.
Revolutions of the Ordinary: Victorian Studies and the Turn to Ordinary Language
Authors: Wright Daniel
Published: April 2019

“To engage seriously with ordinary language philosophy,” Toril Moi tells us in the introduction toRevolution of the Ordinary: Literary Studies after Wittgenstein, Austin, and Cavell, “is a little like undergoing psychoanalysis. Wittgenstein assumes that we don't begin doing philosophy just for the sake of it, but because something is making us feel confused, as if we had lost our way.” As Moi begins her project of explaining to an audience of literary critics the insights of ordinary-language philosophy, represented primarily by the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, J. L. Austin, and Stanley Cavell, and making a case for the value of their ideas for the practice we usually call close reading, this psychoanalytic metaphor makes a sudden turn to diagnosis, or to the initiation of a kind of therapeutic address that can feel coercive even in its charisma. You must recognize your sickness, Moi insists, before you can be receptive to the treatment. “Who wants to undergo philosophical therapy,” she goes on to ask, “if they feel that everything in their intellectual life is just fine as it is? Paradoxically, then, the best readers of the reputedly ‘conservative’ Wittgenstein might be those who genuinely feel the need for a change” (12). What kind of therapeutic project does Moi want to pursue in this book, which begins by distinguishing the best readers (the readiest patients) from those who think, conservatively, that everything is “just fine as it is”?
Projecting Changes in Expected Annual Damages From Riverine Flooding in the United States
Authors: Wobus C. , Zheng P. , Stein J. , Lay C. , Mahoney H. , Lorie M. , Mills D. , Spies R. , Szafranski B. , Martinich J.
Published: April 2019

Inland flood risk in the United States is most often conveyed through maps of 1% annual exceedance probability (AEP) or “100‐year” floodplains. However, monetary damages from flooding arise from a full distribution of events, including floods both larger and smaller than the 1% AEP event. Furthermore, floodplains are not static, since both the frequency and magnitude of flooding are likely to change in a warming climate. We explored the implications of a changing frequency and magnitude of flooding across a wide spectrum of flood events, using a sample of 376 watersheds in the United States where floodplains from multiple recurrence intervals have been mapped. Using an inventory of assets within these mapped floodplains, we first calculated expected annual damages (EADs) from flooding in each watershed under baseline climate conditions. We find that the EAD is typically a factor of 5–7 higher than the expected damages from 100‐year events alone and that much of these damages are attributable to floods smaller than the 1% AEP event. The EAD from flooding typically increases by 25–50% under a 1 °C warming scenario and in most regions more than double under a 3 °C warming scenario. Further increases in EAD are not as pronounced beyond 3 °C warming, suggesting that most of the projected increases in flood damages will have already occurred, for most regions of the country, by that time. Adaptations that protect against today's 100‐year flood will have increasing benefits in a warmer climate by also protecting against more frequent, smaller events.
Aeolian Dispersal of Bacteria Associated With Desert Dust and Anthropogenic Particles Over Continental and Oceanic Surfaces
Authors: Maki Teruya , Lee Kevin C. , Kawai Kei , Onishi Kazunari , Hong Chun Sang , Kurosaki Yasunori , Shinoda Masato , Kai Kenji , Iwasaka Yasunobu , Archer Stephen D. J. , Lacap‐Bugler Donnabella C. , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Pointing Stephen B.
Published: April 2019

Aeolian dust is emerging as a significant vehicle for long‐range transport of microorganisms. Nonetheless, many factors relating to this highly influential dispersal mechanisms remain unresolved, including the variation in dispersal bacterial communities during stochastic desert dust events, and the effect of aeolian transit over continental and oceanic surfaces to these communities. Here we report a temporal study that encompassed multiple dust events to elucidate 16S rRNA gene‐defined changes in airborne bacterial communities at a continental‐peninsula site (Yongin, central South Korea) and a downwind offshore island site (Yonago, Honshu Island, Japan) both lying along the trajectory for dust event transport. Aerosol collected on nondust days at both sites generally reflected local origin from freshwater, marine, plant, and animal sources. At both sites, the relative abundance of spore‐forming bacteria (Bacillaceae) and organic‐aggregating bacteria (Cytophagaceae) was positively correlated with the mineral particle. Actinobacteria increased in relative abundance at the continental‐peninsula site during dust events, while marine bacterial signatures (mainly Alphaproteobacteria) were more prevalent in island site after dust events dissipated upon Japanese Sea. Overall, dust events increased the richness of airborne bacteria communities originating from inland desert and other area during early spring and are associated with more variations in airborne bacteria in the island site than the continental‐peninsula site. Airborne desert dust is likely a significant transport vehicle for bacteria. The transit of air masses over continental and marine surfaces is selective for some taxa which can be transported to distant sinks with potential impacts toward ecosystems and public health.
“Legendary” Mentor Follows the Groundwater
Authors: Kornei Katherine
Published: April 2019

Mary Pikul Anderson, a lauded hydrogeologist, has advised more than 50 graduate students.
In a Spin: New Insights into the Beaufort Gyre
Authors: Proshutinsky Andrey , Krishfield Richard
Published: April 2019

A new special collection in JGR: Oceans presents results from studies of the Beaufort Gyre, an oceanic circulation system in the Arctic that has far-reaching influence on the global climate.
Understanding Past Changes in Southern Ocean Sea Ice
Authors: Patterson Molly , Rhodes Rachael , Allen Claire
Published: April 2019

C-SIDE Workshop; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 24–26 October 2018
European Contact with the Americas May Have Triggered Global Cooling
Authors: Morton Mary
Published: April 2019

The loss of precontact agricultural communities to genocide and disease may have led to massive reforestation, a dip in carbon dioxide, and one of the coldest snaps of the Little Ice Age.
An Unusual Extreme Rainfall Event in Canberra Australia on February 2018
Authors: Deng Difei , Ritchie Elizabeth A.
Published: April 2019

A case of an extreme rainfall event in Canberra, the capital city of Australia, on 24–25 February 2018 is investigated. Canberra received more than the long‐term statistical February total rainfall within 6 hr on that day, causing overwhelming flash flooding in the city. In contrast to many coastal cities or tropical regions, Canberra is located at the boundary between the tropics and extratropics and is usually dry and warm in February. The diagnostic analysis shows that this relatively rare brief heavy rainfall was the joint effects of lower‐level warm, moist conveyor belts, the remnants of tropical cyclone Kelvin, surface cold fronts, and a midlatitude trough at middle to upper levels. The lower‐level northeast and west conveyor belts of water vapor contributed to the accumulation of moisture and created favorable conditional instability over Canberra by transporting tropical moist and warm air from Coral Sea and from the Kelvin remnant to Canberra prior to and during the rainfall period. Enhanced uplift was triggered by the arrival of a cold front in the warm, moist unstable air. The rainfall reached a peak 13.6 mm in 30 min soon after a low‐level frontal updraft coupled with middle‐ to upper‐level dynamical uplift ahead of the midlatitude trough. After the passage of the upper‐level trough, the dry, cold air in the rear of the trough stabilized and dried the atmosphere above Canberra. The rainfall decreased and ended rapidly.
Spin coherence in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Ye Meng , Seo Hosung , Galli Giulia
Published: April 2019

Spin defects in semiconducting solids are promising platforms for the realization of quantum bits. At low temperature and in the presence of a large magnetic field, the central spin decoherence is mainly due to the fluctuating magnetic field induced by nuclear spin flip-flop transitions. Using spin Hamiltonians and a cluster expansion method, we investigate the electron spin coherence of defects in two-dimensional (2D) materials, including delta-doped diamond layers, thin Si films, MoS2, and h-BN. We show that isotopic purification is much more effective in 2D than in three-dimensional materials, leading to an exceptionally long spin coherence time of more than 30 ms in an isotopically pure monolayer of MoS2.
Synthesis of C@Ni-Al LDH HSS for efficient U-entrapment from seawater
Authors: Yuan Xiaoyu , Yin Chunyue , Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Zengyue , Xu Yifan , Wang Jun
Published: April 2019

In this paper, a double hollow spherical shell composite modified with layered double hydroxide (C@Ni-Al LDH HSS) was fabricated for uranium(VI) (U(VI)) adsorption. Various batch experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of pH, concentration, time and coexistence ion on extraction. The results showed that the adsorption processes of U(VI) onto C@Ni-Al LDH HSS were spontaneous and endothermic and closely followed pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. The equilibrium time and maximum adsorption capacity of C@Ni-Al LDH HSS was 360 min and 545.9 mg g−1. FT-IR and XPS analyses proved that the adsorption behavior was primarily attributed to the strong interaction between oxygen-containing functional groups and U(VI). Moreover, the extraction of trace U(VI) (μg L−1) in artificial and natural seawater was also studied. The results showed that C@Ni-Al LDH HSS provided a promising application for the efficient extraction of U(VI) from seawater.
Differentiating SGBS adipocytes respond to PPARγ stimulation, irisin and BMP7 by functional browning and beige characteristics
Authors: Klusóczki Ágnes , Veréb Zoltán , Vámos Attila , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Wabitsch Martin , Bacso Zsolt , Fésüs László , Kristóf Endre
Published: April 2019

Brown and beige adipocytes are enriched in mitochondria with uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) to generate heat instead of ATP contributing to healthy energy balance. There are few human cellular models to reveal regulatory networks in adipocyte browning and key targets for enhancing thermogenesis in obesity. The Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) preadipocyte line has been a useful tool to study human adipocyte biology. Here we report that SGBS cells, which are comparable to subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells, carry an FTO risk allele. Upon sustained PPARγ stimulation or irisin (a myokine released in response to exercise) treatment, SGBS cells differentiated into beige adipocytes exhibiting multilocular lipid droplets, high UCP1 content with induction of typical browning genes (Cidea, Elovl3) and the beige marker Tbx1. The autocrine mediator BMP7 led to moderate browning with the upregulation of the classical brown marker Zic1 instead of Tbx1. Thermogenesis potential resulted from PPARγ stimulation, irisin and BMP7 can be activated in UCP1-dependent and the beige specific, creatine phosphate cycle mediated way. The beige phenotype, maintained under long-term (28 days) conditions, was partially reversed by withdrawal of PPARγ ligand. Thus, SGBS cells can serve as a cellular model for both white and sustainable beige adipocyte differentiation and function.
Helping-Like Behaviour in Mice Towards Conspecifics Constrained Inside Tubes
Authors: Ueno Hiroshi , Suemitsu Shunsuke , Murakami Shinji , Kitamura Naoya , Wani Kenta , Matsumoto Yosuke , Okamoto Motoi , Ishihara Takeshi
Published: April 2019

Prosocial behaviour, including helping behaviour, benefits others. Recently, helping-like behaviour has been observed in rats, but whether it is oriented towards rescue, social contact with others, or other goals remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether helping-like behaviour could be observed in mice similar to that in rats. Because mice are social animals widely used in neuroscience, the discovery of helping-like behaviour in mice would be valuable in clarifying the psychological and biological mechanisms underlying pro-sociability. We constrained mice inside tubes. Subject mice were allowed to move freely in cages with tubes containing constrained conspecifics. The subject mice released both cagemates and stranger mice but did not engage in opening empty tubes. Furthermore, the same behaviour was observed under aversive conditions and with anesthetised conspecifics. Interestingly, hungry mice opened the tubes containing food before engaging in tube-opening behaviour to free constrained conspecifics. Mice showed equal preferences for constrained and freely moving conspecifics. We demonstrated for the first time that mice show tube-opening behaviour. Furthermore, we partly clarified the purpose and motivation of this behaviour. An effective mouse model for helping-like behaviour would facilitate research on the mechanisms underlying prosocial behaviour.
Author Correction: Understanding zeolite deactivation by sulfur poisoning during direct olefin upgrading
Authors: Harrhy Jonathan H. , Wang Aiguo , Jarvis Jack S. , He Peng , Meng Shijun , Yung Matthew , Liu Lijia , Song Hua
Published: April 2019

The original PDF and HTML versions of this Article contained errors in the Acknowledgements section. MEG Energy Corp. was incorrectly acknowledged for financial support.

This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Probing ligand and cation binding sites in G-quadruplex nucleic acids by mass spectrometry and electron photodetachment dissociation sequencing
Authors: Paul Dababrata , Marchand Adrien , Verga Daniela , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , Bombard Sophie , Rosu Frédéric , Gabelica Valérie
Published: April 2019

Tandem mass spectrometry: native top-down sequencing by electron photodetachment dissociation (EPD) reveals ligand binding sites on DNA G-quadruplexes.
Metastable iron(iii) oxide polymorphs derived from Fe/Mn bimetallic coordination polymer particles in confined space: SiO2 shell effect on crystal phase transition
Authors: Lee Junhyung
Published: April 2019

It is experimentally demonstrated that the coated SiO2 shell has an influence on the kinetics of the polymorphous transition of iron(iii) oxides with manganese ions derived from coordination polymer particles, generating a meta-stable bixbyite crystal phase structure.
6,6′-(Perfluoropropane-2,2-diyl)bis(2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione)-based coordination polymers and their sensing properties towards Cr2O72−
Authors: Wan Ke-Ke , Yu Jie-Hui , Xu Ji-Qing
Published: April 2019

The structures of six new diacylhydrazidate-based coordination polymers were reported. Based on their better photoluminescence properties, their sensing abilities towards Cr2O72− were investigated.
Carbon dots derived from algae as H2O2 sensors: the importance of nutrients in biomass
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liu Xiaojing , Zhou Jun , Huang Xuejiao , Xie Deti , Ni Jiupai , Ni Chengsheng
Published: April 2019

Effect of mineral nutrients in biomass was found to be crucial in the synthesized carbon dots, affecting their dispersibility, PL stability and crystallinity.
Editorial: In celebration of the 75th birthday of Professor Julius Rebek, Jr.
Authors: Ballester Pablo , Würthner Frank
Published: April 2019

A special issue dedicated to Professor Julius Rebek, Jr.
Evidence of solute PEDOT:PSS as an efficient passivation material for fabrication of hybrid c-Si solar cells
Authors: Nguyen Van Hoang , Kato Shinya , Gotoh Kazuhiro , Kurokawa Yasuyoshi , Usami Noritaka
Published: April 2019

A new aspect of solute PEDOT:PSS was explored, its function as an excellent passivation material.
Apigenin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human colon cancer cells through NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway
Authors: Tong Jiafeng , Shen Ying , Zhang Zhenghua , Hu Ye , Zhang Xu , Han Li
Published: April 2019

Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in tumor metastasis of colon cancer. We first evaluated the effects of EMT-related transcription factors on the prognosis of colon cancer through analysis the data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). And then we screened a series of Chinese medicine monomers to find effect EMT inhibitors. First, Snail is a more important EMT transcription factors for colon cancer prognosis, compared with Twist and Slug. Then, we found that apigenin effectively inhibits the activity of Snail. Apigenin could inhibit the EMT, migration, and invasion of human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through the NF-κB/Snail pathway. Snail is a key regulator of EMT in colon cancer and Snail inhibitor apigenin may be a therapeutic application for patients with colon cancer.
LSINCT5 predicts unfavorable prognosis and exerts oncogenic function in osteosarcoma
Authors: He Weidong , Lu Ming , Xiao Dongbo
Published: April 2019

The dysregulated expression of LSINCT5 (long stress-induced non-coding transcript 5) has been found in various human tumors, and was generally related to cancer progression and unfavorable prognosis. Although the role of LSINCT5 in osteosarcoma was reported not long ago, the sample size of that study was limited. Our study presented more evidence about the clinical significance and biological function of LSINCT5 in osteosarcoma. In our results, we found LSINCT5 expression was increased in osteosarcoma tissue samples and cell lines, and high LSINCT5 expression was associated with advanced Enneking stage, large tumor size, high histological grade and present distant metastasis. Meanwhile, we observed high LSINCT5 expression was correlated with worse overall survival, and high LSINCT5 expression could be an independent poor predictor for overall survival in osteosarcoma cases. Moreover, we found inhibition of LSINCT5 expression suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and LSINCT5 overexpression dramatically facilitated cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. In conclusion, our study suggests that LSINCT5 exerts oncogenic function in osteosarcoma cells, and may be a potential predictor for clinical outcome in osteosarcoma patients.
Nucleosome remodelling: structural insights into ATP-dependent remodelling enzymes
Authors: Sundaramoorthy Ramasubramanian
Published: April 2019

ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzymes play a fundamental role in determining how nucleosomes are organised, and render DNA sequences accessible to interacting proteins, thereby enabling precise regulation of eukaryotic genes. Remodelers conserved from yeast to humans are classified into four families based on the domains and motifs present in their ATPase subunits. Insights into overall assembly and the mode of interaction to the nucleosome by these different families of remodelers remained limited due to the complexity of obtaining structural information on these challenging samples. Electron microscopy and single-particle methods have made advancement and uncovered vital structural information on the number of remodelling complexes. In this article, we highlight some of the recent structural work that advanced our understanding on the mechanisms and biological functions of these ATP-dependent remodelling machines.
Asymptotic limit of linear parabolic equations with spatio-temporal degenerated potentials
Authors: Àlvarez-Caudevilla Pablo , Bonnivard Matthieu , Lemenant Antoine
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we observe how the heat equation in a noncylindrical domain can arise as the asymptotic limit of a parabolic problem in a cylindrical domain, by adding a potential that vanishes outside the limit domain. This can be seen as a parabolic version of a previous work by the first and last authors, concerning the stationary case [Alvarez-Caudevilla and Lemenant, Adv. Differ. Equ. 15 (2010) 649-688]. We provide a strong convergence result for the solution by use of energetic methods and Γ-convergence technics. Then, we establish an exponential decay estimate coming from an adaptation of an argument due to B. Simon.
Precast Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHP-FRC) for Fast and Sustainable Pavement Repair
Authors: Karmacharya Ashish , Chao Shih-Ho
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a new methodology, which enables streets, roads, highways, bridges, and airfields to use an advanced fiber-reinforced concrete material, which can delay or prevent the deterioration of these transportation infrastructure when subjected to traffic and environmental loadings. The major problem of concrete is its considerable deterioration and limited service life due to its brittleness and limited durability. As a result, it requires frequent repair and eventual replacement, which consumes more natural resources. Ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) introduces significant enhancement in the sustainability of concrete structures due to its dense microstructure and damage-tolerance characteristics. These characteristics can significantly reduce the amount of repair, rehabilitation, and maintenance work, thereby giving the transportation infrastructure a longer service life. This research addresses the strong need to develop fast and sustainable UHP-FRC materials for pavement repair that can be easily cast onsite without special treatments. This avoids any major changes to current concrete production practice and accelerates the use of UHP-FRC materials. This research investigated a new method for concrete repair by combining precast UHP-FRC panels with a small quantity of cast-in-place UHP-FRC for pavement repair without any dowel bars.
A Multi-Hazard Probabilistic Framework for Quantifying Bridge Failure Risk Considering Climate Change
Authors: khandel Omid , Soliman Mohamed
Published: April 2019

Climate change has recently been recognized as a significant factor that can drive changes to current design and life-cycle assessment practices of infrastructure systems. The instability in temperature profiles and precipitation patterns in recent decades indicate that the future flood hazard occurrence rate may not necessarily follow historical trends. In addition to the impact of climate change on flood hazard occurrence rate and the associated scour progression, it could also affect the corrosion propagation in structural components. This paper presents a probabilistic framework for quantifying the multi-hazard failure risk of bridges under gradual and sudden deterioration considering climate change. Downscaled climate data adopted from the global climate models are employed to predict the future streamflow and temperature profiles at a given location. These profiles are subsequently used to quantify future failure probability and risk under corrosion and flood hazard. The proposed framework is illustrated on an existing bridge located in Oklahoma.
Integrated Health Monitoring of Transportation Structures with Magnetic Fe-SMA Wires
Authors: Malone Nathan , Miller Peter , Ozcan Hande , Ma Ji , Schaffer Jeremy , Karaman Ibrahim
Published: April 2019

In this work, the magnetization response of FeMnAlNi superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs) is investigated under stress. Wires with a diameter of 0.5 mm were subjected to repeated abnormal grain growth heat treatments in order to obtain bamboo structured oligocrystalline grains that are necessary for superelasticity. Solution heat treated wires were aged at 200ºC for 3 h to strengthen the austenite matrix. Tensile cyclic tests were performed at room temperature until failure, while the magnetization response of the wires was monitored using a hall sensor during loading and unloading in each cycle. It is observed that after each cycle, overall magnetization of the alloy decreases once the irrecoverable strain is introduced after large deformations and magnetization of the sample is inversely correlated with the irrecoverable strain. The findings of this work show that the magnetic shift in Fe-SMAs under deformation can be used a health monitoring tool in next generation structures to detect large deformations and cracks.
Evaluating the Performance of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil-Integrated Bridge System (GRS-IBS) under Working Stress Condition
Authors: Abu-Farsakh Murad , Ardah Allam , Voyiadjis George
Published: April 2019

This paper evaluates the performance of geosynthetic reinforced soil-Integrated Bridge System (GRS-IBS) in terms of lateral facing deformation and strain distribution along geosynthetics. Simulations were conducted using 2D PLAXIS program. The hardening model proposed by Schanz et al. [1] was used to simulate the behavior of backfill material; the backfill-reinforcement interface was simulated using Mohr-Coulomb model, and the reinforcement and facing block were simulated using linear elastic models. The numerical model was verified using the results of a case study conducted at Maree Michel GRS-IBS, Louisiana. Parametric study was carried out to investigate the effects of span length, reinforcement spacing, and reinforcement stiffness on the performance of GRS-IBS. The results indicate that span length have significant impact on strain distribution along geosynthetics and lateral facing deformation. The reinforcement stiffness has significant impact on the GRS-IBS behavior up to a certain point, beyond which the effect tends to decrease contradictory to reinforcement spacing that has a consistent relationship between the GRS-IBS behavior and reinforcement spacing. The results also indicate that reinforcement spacing has higher influence on the lateral facing deformation than the reinforcement stiffness for the same reinforcement strength/spacing ratio (Tf/Sv) due to the composite behavior of closely reinforcement spacing.