bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 5-year-old girl with left upper eyelid swelling
Authors: Ahmad Syed Shoeb , Ghani Shuaibah Abdul , Peng Khoo Say , Sellamuthu Puliventhan Sellamuthu, MS
Published: July 2019

A 5-year-old girl presented to the ophthalmology clinic of Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, with a complaint of swelling of the left upper eyelid (Figure 1). The girl's mother, who accompanied her, claimed that the girl had fallen on the ground a few hours previously. The child had a sudden onset of the lid swelling following the fall, associated with pain around the eyeball. Both mother and daughter denied any penetrating injury. No other significant history was elucidated.
Diagnosis and treatment of penetrating orbital cranial foreign body injuries
Authors: Lefebvre Daniel R. , Chandra Ronil V.
Published: July 2019

Although periorbital trauma may appear trivial externally, ophthalmic findings of decreased vision, decreased motility, or of any neurological derangement should raise suspicion for more serious injury. In such cases, particularly in children (who may resist revealing the details of the injury), the possibility of a retained foreign body must also be considered. Initial neuroimaging in the form of CT should be carefully reviewed, and concern for a retained foreign body should also be communicated directly to the radiologist, preferably a neuroradiologist. The treating clinician should directly review all imaging studies and not simply rely on written reports. Wooden foreign bodies typically appear as aerated structures and widening of window width and level on CT scans can be helpful in revealing a linear course and overall geometric structure that is highly suspicious for a clinically occult wooden foreign body. If there is any concern for intracranial injury, neurosurgery should be consulted. Special studies, such as CT angiography or formal digital subtraction cerebral angiography, may be warranted to further assess vascular integrity. The foreign body should be extracted as safely as possible, either via anterior orbitotomy or craniotomy taking into account adjunctive measures that may be required to prevent or emergently control potentially life threatening hemorrhage.
Interkulturelle Öffnung: Abbau von Zugangsbarrieren auf vier Ebenen
Authors: Rüger David , Rüzgar Mehmet Fatih
Published: July 2019

Einrichtungen der Sozialen Arbeit können interkulturelle Öffnungsprozesse auf verschiedenen Ebenen anstoßen und vollziehen. Eine Schlüsselaufgabe dabei ist die Vermeidung kultureller Kurzschlüsse.
»Da kann man im Austausch viel rausholen«
Authors: Löffler Eva Maria , Hubenthal Natalie
Published: July 2019

Ohne die Beschäftigung von Pflegekräften aus dem Ausland im deutschen Gesundheitssystem scheint die Versorgungskrise nicht mehr bewältigbar zu sein. Doch mit der Anwerbung und Einstellung ausländischer Pflegekräfte allein ist es nicht getan. Dieser Beitrag soll für den Handlungsbedarf in Diensten und Einrichtungen, in denen Pflegearbeit geleistet wird, sensibilisieren. Der Fokus wird dafür auf die »Interkulturelle Öffnung« von Organisationen gelegt.
Wohnheim und Inklusion: Widerspruch oder Chance?
Authors: Horbach Christian
Published: July 2019

Der Inklusionsbegriff wird vielfach mit der Beschulung von behinderten Kindern in Regelklassen in Verbindung gebracht. Mediale Berichterstattungen zielten fast ausschließlich auf diesen Aspekt ab. Aber auch soziotherapeutische Einrichtungen oder Wohnheime der Sozialpsychiatrie sind in diesem Zusammenhang im Umbruch.
Modeling the Magnetocaloric Effect of Nd0.67Ba0.33Mn0.98 Fe0.02O3 by the Mean Field Theory
Authors: Hsini Mohamed , Zemni Sadok
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we have exploited the mean field theory combined with the Bean-Rodbell model to justify the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in Nd0.67Ba0.33Mn0.98Fe0.02O3 sample. The simulation of some magnetic properties has been investigated. Modeling magnetization curves have been successfully achieved using this model. The second-order ferromagnetic-paramagnetic (FM-PM) phase transition of our system has been verified through the value of the parameter which controls the transition nature in the Bean-Rodbell model. Theoretical and experimental expressions, which have rated the magnetic entropy change (

−
∆

S
M

) under various magnetic fields, have been derived. Theoretical (

−
∆

S
M

) curves have been compared to the experimental ones.
Cuidados da equipe de enfermagem na punção intravenosa periférica segura em idosos hospitalizados
Authors: Santana Rosana Castelo Branco de , Pedreira Larissa Chaves , Guimarães Frank Evilácio de Oliveira , Almeida Leidiane de Pinho Bailon , Reis Luana Araújo dos , Menezes Tânia Maria de Oliva , Carvalho Evanilda de Santana Souza
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: describir los cuidados de enfermería en la canalización de via venosa periférica segura en ancianos hospitalizados. Método: investigación cualitativa llevada a cabo en 2014 en un hospital general público del interior de Bahía. Se entrevistaron a nueve profesionales de enfermería de clínica médica siguiendo un cuestionario semiestructurado. Las entrevistas se analizaron según el método del análisis de contenido. Resultados: se definieron las siguientes categorías analíticas: 1. Consideraciones sobre el proceso de envejecimiento; 2. Condición clínica y preparación del anciano para la canalización de vía venosa periférica 3. Selección del sitio de acceso venoso periférico; 4. Selección del dispositivo intravascular. Conclusíon: la canalización de vía venosa periférica segura depende de una evaluación preliminar de las condiciones clínicas del anciano, de la selección del sitio de inserción del cateter y de la selección del dispositivo intravascular. Las prácticas asistenciales de los profesionales no están sistematizados ni tampoco estandarizadas, lo cual puede contribuir a que ocurran eventos adversos.
A velocidade da marcha e ocorrência de quedas em idosos longevos
Authors: Lenardt Maria Helena , Setoguchi Larissa Sayuri , Betiolli Susanne Elero , Grden Clóris Regina Blanski , De-Sousa Jacy Aurélia Vieira , Lourenço Tânia Maria
Published: July 2019

OBJETIVO: analizar la relación entre la velocidad de la marcha y la incidencia de caídas en ancianos longevos. MÉTODO: estudio transversal llevado a cabo con 243 ancianos longevos (≥80 anos), usuarios de la atención primaria de salud. La recogida de datos se efectuó en el domicilio de los participantes, con encuesta sociodemográfica y clínica y la prueba de velocidad de la marcha. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y pruebas de asociación entre variables (chi-cuadrado), los valores de p≤0,05 se consideraron estadísticamente significativos. RESULTADOS: de los 243 ancianos, 111 (47,5%) relataron caídas en los últimos 12 meses, 50 (20,6 %) velocidad de la marcha reducida y, entre ellos, 30 (60%) caídas durante el último año. Entre los ancianos con velocidad de la marcha reducida predominó el sexo femenino (n= 33; 66%) y promedio de 86,24 años (±4,64). La velocidad de la marcha reducida mostró una significativa asociación con la incidencia de caídas en los últimos 12 meses (p=0,023). CONCLUSIÓN: la reducción de la velocidad de la marcha en ancianos tiene relación con el episodio de caída, presente en más de la mitad de los ancianos con velocidad de la marcha reducida.
Os desafios da sustentabilidade nas comunidades rurais: uma análise nos sítios Cruzeiro e Jatobá, Crato/CE
Authors: Donelardy Ana Isabel Calixto , Marco Claudia Maria Araújo
Published: July 2019

As questões ambientais estão no escopo de todos os debates mundiais, a sustentabilidade se encontra presente em todos os diálogos que envolvem crescimento e desenvolvimento, mas o que se percebe, é uma grande quantidade de discursos e poucas ações efetivas. Identifica-se algumas ações pontuais em pequena escala geralmente provenientes de comunidades e associações que fogem ao modelo econômico capitalista, dando oportunidade a um novo tipo de economia com modus operandi na autogestão e processos colaborativos. Esse estudo tem por objetivo identificar os desafios da sustentabilidade nas comunidades rurais que sobrevivem da coleta de pequi nos Sítios: Cruzeiro e Jatobá na zona rural, da cidade do Crato/CE, utilizar-se-á um estudo descritivo, exploratório e observação participante através de rodas de conversa com a comunidade e entrevista semiestruturada com os representantes das famílias participantes do projeto, para mapear a comunidade e registrar o processo de construção do saber da comunidade, utilizando se uma abordagem qualitativa para a análise de conteúdo. Entende-se que os desafios são elencados em todos os aspectos: a distância da zona urbana, o acesso, a escassez de água encanada e a ausência de energia trifásica além do desinteresse das políticas públicas em territorializar essa comunidade. A possibilidade da existência novas formas de organização da comunidade em torno do beneficiamento de pequi nos sítios Cruzeiro e Jatobá têm mudado a perspectiva e os sonhos dessa comunidade em não ter que sair do seu lugar, mas poder ter oportunidades de empoderamento, permitindo sua permanência e ampliando-as, a partir do beneficiamento do pequi.
Władza lokalna na obszarach wiejskich – zróżnicowanie w przestrzeni i zmiana w czasie profilu samorządowca = Local authorities in rural areas – diversification in space and change in the profile of self-government officials over time
Authors: Mazur Marcin , Czapiewski Konrad , Janc Krzysztof , Konopski Michał
Published: July 2019

Sprawne funkcjonowanie społeczności lokalnych w ramach danego obszaru jest w dużej mierze uzależnione od potencjału oraz możliwości wykorzystania miejscowych zasobów. Jednym z ważniejszych zasobów i czynników kształtujących rozwój lokalny jest kapitał ludzki tkwiący w danej społeczności, a w szczególności w lokalnych władzach samorządowych. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja charakterystycznych cech struktury władz samorządowych na obszarach wiejskich Polski. Pod uwagę wzięto zarówno przestrzenną, czasową, jak i funkcjonalną zmienność tej struktury. Opis przestrzeni zaprezentowano w aspekcie międzyregionalnym, zróżnicowania między regionami historycznymi oraz wewnątrzregionalnym w zależności od odległości od większych ośrodków miejskich. Podstawę analizy zróżnicowania w aspekcie funkcjonalnym stanowiła typologia funkcjonalna gmin z 2010 r., pozwalająca wyróżnić 8 podstawowych typów struktury gospodarki lokalnej. Zakres czasowy stanowią kadencje wójtów i burmistrzów w okresie 2002–2018. Zakres przedmiotowy opracowania obejmuje wiek, płeć i wykształcenie oraz miejsce zamieszkania i stabilność władzy. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły wskazać szereg prawidłowości dotyczących zróżnicowania każdej z pięciu wymienionych cech władz lokalnych. Prawidłowości te są jednak mniej wyraźne niż w przypadku zróżnicowania zachowań wyborczych mieszkańców.
L’histoire de l’Association des archivistes du Québec (AAQ)
Authors: Fortin-Dupuis Simon
Published: July 2019

L’Association des archivistes du Québec (AAQ), en tant que regroupement de professionnels, a fortement marqué la discipline archivistique au cours de ses 50 années d’existence. Cette influence a déjà été étudiée à l’aune de la perspective disciplinaire. En s’appuyant plutôt sur l’évolution de l’organisation interne de l’Association, on découvre des dynamiques sous-jacentes à l’évolution de la perception des professions de l’archivistique qui expliquent aussi des changements disciplinaires. Une attention particulière portée aux aléas financiers et aux changements à la distribution du pouvoir au sein de l’organisation montre les facteurs qui président à la hiérarchisation progressive du champ archivistique. Cette dynamique découle à la fois d’une quête d’efficience des membres et de l’administration de l’AAQ et d’un impératif de rentabilité imposé par le contexte social québécois. Au travers des aléas de ces 50 ans d’activité, on découvre une Association qui a toujours su s’adapter au changement, malgré les grands défis qu’il représente, et maintenir l’objectif défini à sa naissance : promouvoir et défendre les intérêts des archives, des archivistes et de l’archivistique. Ce nouvel éclairage jeté sur l’histoire de l’AAQ permet finalement de rappeler certaines conditions du maintien de la cohésion de l’Association des archivistes du Québec.
Valoración patrimonial de los yacimientos del Mioceno inferior del Barranco de Campisano de la Cuenca de Ribesalbes-Alcora (Araia d’Alcora, Castelló, España)
Authors: Costa-Pérez Mireia , Álvarez-Parra Sergio , Paredes-Aliaga María Victoria , Caballero Óscar , Bueno Esther , Vilaplana-Climent Andreu , Crespo Vicente D.
Published: July 2019

En el presente trabajo se realiza una valoración patrimonial del conjunto de yacimientos del Mioceno inferior del barranco de Campisano (cuenca de Ribesalbes-Alcora). Los resultados obtenidos al calcular los parámetros según la metodología del Inventario Español de Lugares de Interés Geológico (IELIG) ponen de manifiesto el alto valor científico y didáctico de la zona, así como un valor turístico y recreativo medio. El riesgo de degradación es medio, por lo que debería ser tenido en cuenta para la protección de los yacimientos a corto plazo. En consonancia con estos datos, se propone la consideración de los yacimientos como LIG (Lugar de Interés Geológico) y su inclusión en el IELIG.
Towards an environmental assessment model of palaeontological and archaeological heritage in the Autonomous Valencian Community without comparative torts
Authors: Ruiz-Sánchez Francisco J. , De Santisteban Bové Carlos , Marquina Rafael , Fagoaga Ana
Published: July 2019

The deficient management of the paleontological heritage through the environmental impact assessment procedures from the Valencian public administrations, linked mainly to the lack of competent technical means in the matter, results in an almost abandonment of it. On the contrary, the archaeological heritage has a series of perfectly structured tools that allow any possible impact on it regarding projects and actions subject to environmental impact assessment that can be detected and corrected. The damage that this situation creates results in the abandonment and almost absolute lack of protection of the palaeontological heritage in the Valencian Community. Despite how much has been written defending the location of paleontological heritage in the administrative field of Natural Heritage, the legal reality in the whole of the Spanish state is another, being based on its inclusion in the procedures together with the cultural heritage. This work defends the incorporation of a series of small legislative changes that make possible to equate the management of the palaeontological heritage with that of the archaeological one in the Valencian Community, thus avoiding the comparative torts that currently occur.
La valoración del patrimonio geológico y paleontológico como herramienta de gestión: el Modelo FOPALI
Authors: Sánchez-Ferris Esteban José , Fierro-Bandera Ignacio , Aberasturi-Rodríguez Ainara , Navarro-Pedreño José , Montoya Belló Plinio
Published: July 2019

El compromiso con la preservación del patrimonio geológico y paleontológico ha constituido una prioridad para el Museo Paleontológico de Elche – Fundación Cidaris desde los inicios de su actividad. En este contexto se ha desarrollado una estrategia de trabajo (FOPALI) en el que la valoración patrimonial es concebida como una herramienta de gestión. Se exponen aquí las bases metodológicas del modelo FOPALI y las técnicas de análisis aplicadas para ofrecer a los gestores del patrimonio la información necesaria para establecer prioridades en la investigación, conservación y difusión del patrimonio geológico y paleontológico.
Metodología y estado actual del patrimonio paleontológico en el inventario español de lugares de interés geológico
Authors: Vegas Juana , Delvene Graciela , Menéndez Silvia , Cabrera Ana , García-Cortés Ángel , Díaz-Martínez Enrique , Carcavilla Luis , Rábano Isabel
Published: July 2019

El Inventario Español de Lugares de Interés Geológico (en adelante IELIG) es un inventario de patrimonio geológico sistemático de reconocimiento avanzado, que está diseñado metodológicamente para cubrir todo el territorio español e identificar los Lugares de Interés Geológico (en adelante LIG) de relevancia nacional de cada uno de los dominios geológicos del país. Este inventario está recogido expresamente en la Ley 42/2007 de patrimonio natural y la biodiversidad y del Real Decreto 556/2011, 20 de abril, para el desarrollo del Inventario Español del Patrimonio Natural y la Biodiversidad. Por este motivo, el IELIG tiene que ser representativo de la geodiversidad española y comprende LIG de todas las disciplinas de la Geología, incluyendo aquellos cuyo interés principal es de tipo paleontológico. Se han cuantificado los diferentes tipos de LIG de acuerdo a sus principales intereses taxonómico y geográfico. Algunos de ellos han sido seleccionados para relacionarlos con el patrimonio mueble y analizar los diversos factores que les han afectado a lo largo del tiempo.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Dehidrasi pada Petani Garam di Kecamatan Kaliori, Kabupaten Rembang
Authors: Fitriah Nur , Setyawan S Henry , Adi Mateus Sakundarno , Udiyono Ari
Published: July 2019

Dehidrasi merupakan salah satu tanda dari ketidakseimbangan cairan tubuh. Status hidrasi penduduk indonesia yaitu 49,2% penduduk tidak terhidrasi dengan baik. Salah satu kelompok yang berisiko tinggi terhadap dehidrasi adalah petani garam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko dehidrasi pada petani garam yaitu faktor pengetahuan, faktor aktivitas fisik, faktor asupan cairan, dan faktor alat pelindung diri terhadap kejadian dehidrasi. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan desain studi cross sectional. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini sebanyak 100 yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan, dan aktivitas fisik bukan merupakan faktor risiko dehidrasi pada petani garam. Variabel asupan cairan masih belum menunjukan bukti yang kuat sebagai faktor risiko dehidrasi pada petani garam (POR=3,1; 95%CI=0,3-31,1), tetapi proporsi responden yang mangalami dehidrasi pada kategori asupan cairan defisit(51%) lebih besar daripada responden pada kategori asupan cairan cukup(25%). Selain itu, penggunaan APD yang buruk pada petani garam berisiko 2,4 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami dehidrasi (POR=2,4; 95%CI=1,1-5,5). Petani garam di Kecamatan Kaliori disarankan untuk meningkatkan jumlah konsumsi cairan dan menggunakan APD yang sesuai standar untuk mencegah dehidrasi.
Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan Dengan Infeksi HIV pada Pengguna Napza Suntik (Penasun) di DKI Jakarta Tahun 2013 - 2014
Authors: Inggariwati Inggariwati , Ronoatmodjo Sudarto
Published: July 2019

Prevalensi HIV pada kelompok Penasun selalu menduduki peringkat tertinggi dibanding kelompok populasi kunci lainnya. Studi cross sectional dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi HIV pada populasi Penasun DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari pelaksanaan Sero Survei HIV/Sifilis yang terintegrasi dengan Survei Cepat Perilaku di DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2013 - 2014. Populasi penelitian ini adalah Penasun di DKI Jakarta, sampel 240, pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode RDS (Responden Driven Sampling). Model akhir analisis multivariate  cox regression  menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang paling berkontribusi terhadap infeksi HIV di kalangan Penasun adalah sikap sharing jarum suntik PR 2,42 (95% CI = 1,33 – 4,41) dan lama menjadi Penasun PR 1,78 (95% CI = 1,23 – 2,57). Sikap sharing jarum suntik walaupun hanya dilakukan sekali berdampak kuat meningkatkan risiko infeksi HIV dan variabel lama menjadi Penasun berpengaruh terhadap melemahnya sikap konsisten untuk tidak sharing jarum suntik.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Hasil Pengobatan Regimen Pendek (Short Treatment Regiment) pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Resistensi Obat di Indonesia Tahun 2017
Authors: Agustina Rina , Maulida Rizka , Yovsyah Yovsyah
Published: July 2019

TB RO menyebabkan beban pengendalian penyakit TB menjadi bertambah. Adanya penurunan angka keberhasilan pengobatan dari tahun 2010 sebesar 67,9% menjadi 51,1% di tahun 2013 dan peningkatan kasus pasien putus berobat mendorong Indonesia menerapkan pengobatan jangka pendek untuk meningkatkan angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB RO dan menurunkan kasus pasien putus berobat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat status kesuksesan kesembuhan dari pengobatan TB RO dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status kesuksesan kesembuhan dari pengobatan regimen pendek di Indonesia tahun 2017 dengan menggunakan data pasien TB RO yang tercatat dalam e-TB manager dari pasien-pasien berusia ≥ 15 tahun yang telah ada status hasil pengobatan regimen pendek maksimal pada bulan November 2018 dengan desain penelitian kohort retrospektif. Didapatkan 223 kasus dengan 104 (46,6%) pengobatan sukses dan sisanya yaitu 119 (53,4%) pengobatan tidak sukses. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan chi-square menunjukkan beberapa factor yang berhubungan dengan status kesuksesan kesembuhan dari pengobatan regimen pendek. Faktor-faktor ini ialah usia (crude RR 2,09, 95% CI 1,19–3,65), resistensi ofloksasin (crude RR 7,73, 95% CI 0,92–64,28) dan resistensi kanamisin (crude RR 0,47, 95% CI 0,39–0,57) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan kesuksesan kesembuhan dari pengobatan regimen pendek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, penderita TB RO dengan usia 45 tahun ke atas agar mendapatkan perhatian lebih dalam pengobatan regimen pendek ini karena berpeluang lebih rendah untuk mendapatkan status pengobatan yang sukses. Ketepatan data pada e-TB manager pun perlu dilihat kembali karena pada penelitian ini agar penelitian selanjutnya mendapatkan hasil yang akurat.
The transcription factor odd-paired regulates temporal identity in transit-amplifying neural progenitors via an incoherent feed-forward loop
Authors: Abdusselamoglu Merve Deniz , Eroglu Elif , Burkard Thomas R , Knoblich Jürgen A
Published: July 2019

Neural progenitors undergo temporal patterning to generate diverse neurons in a chronological order. This process is well-studied in the developing Drosophila brain and conserved in mammals. During larval stages, intermediate neural progenitors (INPs) serially express Dichaete (D), grainyhead (Grh) and eyeless (Ey/Pax6), but how the transitions are regulated is not precisely understood. Here, we developed a method to isolate transcriptomes of INPs in their distinct temporal states to identify a complete set of temporal patterning factors. Our analysis identifies odd-paired (opa), as a key regulator of temporal patterning. Temporal patterning is initiated when the SWI/SNF complex component Osa induces D and its repressor Opa at the same time but with distinct kinetics. Then, high Opa levels repress D to allow Grh transcription and progress to the next temporal state. We propose that Osa and its target genes opa and D form an incoherent feedforward loop (FFL) and a new mechanism allowing the successive expression of temporal identities.
A novel variant of social spider optimization using single centroid representation and enhanced mating for data clustering
Authors: Thalamala Ravichandran , Barnabas Janet , Reddy A.V.
Published: July 2019

Nature-inspired algorithms are based on the concepts of self-organization and complex biological systems. They have been designed by researchers and scientists to solve complex problems in various environmental situations by observing how naturally occurring phenomena behave. The introduction of nature-inspired algorithms has led to new branches of study such as neural networks, swarm intelligence, evolutionary computation, and artificial immune systems. Particle swarm optimization (PSO), social spider optimization (SSO), and other nature-inspired algorithms have found some success in solving clustering problems but they may converge to local optima due to the lack of balance between exploration and exploitation. In this paper, we propose a novel implementation of SSO, namely social spider optimization for data clustering using single centroid representation and enhanced mating operation (SSODCSC) in order to improve the balance between exploration and exploitation. In SSODCSC, we implemented each spider as a collection of a centroid and the data instances close to it. We allowed non-dominant male spiders to mate with female spiders by converting them into dominant males. We found that SSODCSC produces better values for the sum of intra-cluster distances, the average CPU time per iteration (in seconds), accuracy, the F-measure, and the average silhouette coefficient as compared with the K-means and other nature-inspired techniques. When the proposed algorithm is compared with other nature-inspired algorithms with respect to Patent corpus datasets, the overall percentage increase in the accuracy is approximately 13%. When it is compared with other nature-inspired algorithms with respect to UCI datasets, the overall percentage increase in the F-measure value is approximately 10%. For completeness, the best K cluster centroids (the best K spiders) returned by SSODCSC were specified. To show the significance of the proposed algorithm, we conducted a one-way ANOVA test on the accuracy values and the F-measure values returned by the clustering algorithms.
Main histological parameters to be evaluated in an experimental model of myocardial infarct treated by stem cells on pigs
Authors: García Gómez-Heras Soledad , Largo Carlota , Larrea Jose Luis , Vega-Clemente Luz , Calderón Flores Miguel , Ruiz-Pérez Daniel , García-Olmo Damián , García-Arranz Mariano
Published: July 2019

Myocardial infarction has been carefully studied in numerous experimental models. Most of these models are based on electrophysiological and functional data, and pay less attention to histological discoveries. During the last decade, treatment using advanced therapies, mainly cell therapy, has prevailed from among all the options to be studied for treating myocardial infarction. In our study we wanted to show the fundamental histological parameters to be evaluated during the development of an infarction on an experimental model as well as treatment with mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue applied intra-lesionally. The fundamental parameters to study in infarcted tissue at the histological level are the cells involved in the inflammatory process (lymphocytes, macrophages and M2, neutrophils, mast cells and plasma cells), neovascularization processes (capillaries and arterioles) and cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes and Purkinje fibers). In our study, we used intramyocardial injection of mesenchymal stem cells into the myocardial infarction area 1 hour after arterial occlusion and allowed 1 month of evolution before analyzing the modifications on the normal tissue inflammatory infiltrate. Acute inflammation was shortened, leading to chronic inflammation with abundant plasma cells and mast cells and complete disappearance of neutrophils. Another benefit was an increase in the number of vessels formed. Cardiomyocytes and Purkinje fibers were better conserved, both from a structural and metabolic point of view, possibly leading to reduced morbidity in the long term. With this study we present the main histological aspects to be evaluated in future assays, complementing or explaining the electrophysiological and functional findings.
First ex situ outplanting of the habitat-forming seaweed Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta from a restoration perspective
Authors: De La Fuente Gina , Chiantore Mariachiara , Asnaghi Valentina , Kaleb Sara , Falace Annalisa
Published: July 2019

In the Mediterranean Sea, brown algae belonging to the Cystoseira genus play a valuable role as foundation species. Due to evidences of regression/loss of the habitats of these species caused by the interplay of human and climatic disturbances, active restoration measures have been encouraged by EU regulations. In particular, nondestructive restoration techniques, which avoid the depletion of threatened species in donor populations, are strongly recommended. In the framework of the EU project ROCPOP-Life, the first ex situ outplanting experience of Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta has been implemented in the Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (northwestern Mediterranean). A total of 400 clay tiles, hosting approximately three mm-long germlings of C. amentacea, were fixed to the rocky shore with screws: the tiles were monitored for the next 2 months by photographic sampling, and survival (presence/absence of juveniles on the tiles), cover and growth were assessed. Additional sampling was performed 6 months after tile deployment, after which an unprecedented storm surge severely affected the restoration performance. After 2 months, over 40% of the tiles were covered with Cystoseira juveniles, which reached approximately eight mm in total length. The tiles that survived the storm hosted three to six cm-long juveniles. The high cover (≥25%), assuring moisture and shading, and the appropriate size of the juveniles, to avert micro-grazing, at time of deployment were key to the survival and growth of the outplanted juveniles, increasing the potential for restoration success. Our findings show that outplanting of midlittoral canopy-forming species is a feasible approach for restoration efforts, with particular attention given to the early phases: (i) laboratory culture, (ii) transport, and (iii) juvenile densities. These results are strongly encouraging for the implementation of restoration actions for C. amentacea on a large scale, in light of EU guidelines.
Appendicular skeleton ofProtoceratops andrewsi(Dinosauria, Ornithischia): comparative morphology, ontogenetic changes, and the implications for non-ceratopsid ceratopsian locomotion
Authors: Słowiak Justyna , Tereshchenko Victor S. , Fostowicz-Frelik Łucja
Published: July 2019

Protoceratops andrewsiis a well-known ceratopsian dinosaur from the Djadokhta Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Mongolia). Since the 1920s, numerous skeletons of different ontogenetic stages from hatchlings to adults, including fully articulated specimens, have been discovered, but the postcranial anatomy ofProtoceratopshas not been studied in detail. A new, mostly articulated subadult individual provides an excellent opportunity for us to comprehensively describe the anatomy of the limb skeleton, to compare to other ceratopsian dinosaurs, and to study the ontogenetic and intraspecific variation in this species. New data provided by the specimen shed light on the lifestyle ofP. andrewsi. The young subadult individuals present an array of morphological characters intermediate between the bipedalPsittacosaurusand fully quadrupedal adultP. andrewsi. We compare these observations with a broad range of non-ceratopsid Neoceratopsia (of various locomotor adaptations) and Psittacosauridae (obligate bipeds), which gives us insight into the evolution of the skeletal characters informative for the postural change in ceratopsian dinosaurs.
Measuring the dispersion of rainfall using Bayesian confidence intervals for coefficient of variation of delta-lognormal distribution: a study from Thailand
Authors: Yosboonruang Noppadon , Niwitpong Sa-aat , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: July 2019

Since rainfall data series often contain zero values and thus follow a delta-lognormal distribution, the coefficient of variation is often used to illustrate the dispersion of rainfall in a number of areas and so is an important tool in statistical inference for a rainfall data series. Therefore, the aim in this paper is to establish new confidence intervals for a single coefficient of variation for delta-lognormal distributions using Bayesian methods based on the independent Jeffreys’, the Jeffreys’ Rule, and the uniform priors compared with the fiducial generalized confidence interval. The Bayesian methods are constructed with either equitailed confidence intervals or the highest posterior density interval. The performance of the proposed confidence intervals was evaluated using coverage probabilities and expected lengths via Monte Carlo simulations. The results indicate that the Bayesian equitailed confidence interval based on the independent Jeffreys’ prior outperformed the other methods. Rainfall data recorded in national parks in July 2015 and in precipitation stations in August 2018 in Nan province, Thailand are used to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed methods using a real-life dataset.
Biometrical Evaluation of Morphological Traits in Family Cucurbitaceae in Lafia, Nigeria
Authors: Ittah Macauley Asim , Kwon-Ndung Emmanuel H.
Published: July 2019

Biometrical evaluation is a valuable tool for the study of biosystematics of plant taxa. This study assessed morphological variation and phenetic relationship in the Cucurbitaceae species in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Plant specimens were collected by simple random sampling across the municipality and 11 species were identified in the study area. Analysis of variance and multivariate analyses were used to determine the differences and identify variation among morphological characters among the species, respectively. Genetic similarity among the taxa was generated by single linkage algorithm of Bray-Curtis similarity index. Wide variations were observed in the morphological characters; Telfairia occidentalis had the longest pods (46.3 cm) and the longest vines (831.4 cm), while Cucumis sativus had the shortest vines (162.3 cm). All the species had multi-seeded pods; Lagenaria breviflora had 734.7 seeds, which was significantly more than the seeds in other species, Citrullus lanatus had 438.3 seeds and Momordica charantia had the fewest seeds (12.7) per pod. T. occidentalis had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) the heaviest seeds (89.8 g) of the species. Three major clusters were identified; Lagenaria abyssinica and L. rufa had similarity index of 0.9; Cucumeropsis mannii and Citrullus lanatus had index of 0.89. Principal component analysis established close relationship between T. occidentalis and L siceraria; then L. breviflora, Citrullus lanatus; Cucumeropsis mannii, Cucurbita pepo, Cucumis sativus, Lagenaria rufa and Lagenaria abyssinica, Luffa cylindrica and Momordica charantia, indicative of genetic similarity among the taxa. Closely related species are potential materials for interspecific hybridization and improvement of the family.
Contraceptive Choices and Acceptability among New Clients Attending the Family Planning Unit of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Awoyesuku P. A. , Altraide B. O. A.
Published: July 2019

Background: Effective contraception can prevent unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion and ensure adequate birth spacing. The choice of a method depends on consideration of its advantages and disadvantages based on individual perception and interpretations.

Objective: To assess contraceptive choices and acceptability among new clients at the family planning clinic of a tertiary health facility in Rivers State, Nigeria.

Methodology: This was a one-year retrospective review of clinical records of new clients attending the Family Planning Unit of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital from January 1, to December 31, 2018. Data on age, education, marital status, parity, contraceptive choice and reason for contraception were retrieved and analyzed using Epi-Info version 7.1.4.

Results:  A total of 124 female clients were enrolled during the time period. The mean age of the participants was 33.8±5.1 years and the median parity was 3. The most common method of contraception accepted by the clients was implants 87 (70.2%), followed by intrauterine device 32 (25.8%), then injectable 4 (3.2%) and oral contraceptive pills 1(0.8%). Reasons proffered for use of contraceptive was mainly completed family size 69 (55.6%), pregnancy prevention 53 (42.8%) and child spacing 2 (1.6%). There was no significant difference on comparism of mean age and median parity of clients by choice of contraceptive method.

Conclusion: The implant methods were the most commonly accepted, while the oral contraceptive pill was the least preferred. Completed family size was the most common reason for contraception.
Exploration for Marble Deposit in Parts of Okpella, South-Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ozegin K. O.
Published: July 2019

The ultimate aim of the electrical resistivity survey is to determine the resistivity distribution with depth on the basis of surface measurements of the apparent resistivity and to interpret it in terms of geology. Marble deposit was investigated with the application of electrical resistivity method using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique with the aim of characterising this deposit in parts of Okpella. Six (6) VES were acquired using the Schlumberger array for data acquisition with current electrode spacing varying from 1.0 to 150.0 m. The VES data obtained were interpreted using ipi2win Software. The results showed three layers indicating subsurface geologic sequence probed 26.4 m and beyond with clay/clayey sand (23.3 – 219.1 Ωm), sand (423 - 2040 Ωm) and marble (12661 - 404498 Ωm). The occurrence of marble deposit was revealed at VES points at 1, 2 and 5 in the studied area.  This study concluded that the study area had occurrence of the marble deposits, which would be of economic importance, if exploited.
Comparison of Polyethylene Glycol Powder and Polyethylene Glycol 40% Syrup in Treatment of Chronic Idiopathic Constipation in Pediatrics
Authors: Kasiri Karam-Ali , Fekri Kiavash , Rouhi-Boroujeni Hojjat , Lotfizadeh Masoud , Asadpour Nabiallah , Mohammadi Hamid , Kasiri Niloufar , Deris Fatemeh , Ansaripour Sadra , Madmoli Mostafa
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints in children that can lead to many complications. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of polyethylene glycol powder and polyethylene glycol 40% syrup to treat constipation.

Materials and Methods: This study was a nonrandomized semi-experimental clinical trial. The current study was conducted on 80 patients with constipation, referring to Imam Ali (PBUH) Clinic, Shahrekord randomly assigned to two groups of 40 each. Subjects were children under 15 years old with functional constipation selected by simple sampling since 2015. Group 1 was treated with polyethylene glycol powder and Group 2 was treated with polyethylene glycol 40% syrup for two months. During the treatment, the patients were examined five times with 2-week intervals and their symptoms consisting of defecation frequency, stool consistency, painful defecation, bloody defecation, and stool incontinence were registered in a checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS24.

Results: The comparison of patients’ total status before and after intervention shows that two groups were assessed in the weak level in the polyethylene glycol powder group 28(0.70%) cases and syrup group 36(0.90%), while after intervention, polyethylene glycol powder group was assessed in the high level 35(87.5%) cases and syrup group 37(92%) cases and most of patients after intervention promoted from weak and intermediate level before intervention to High level.

Conclusion: The findings indicated similar efficacy and treatment response of the PEG powder and syrup. However, the PEG syrup can be used instead of its powder because of pleasant taste and ease of use.
Estimated Radon Exposure in Eastern Pennsylvania Schools
Authors: Yang Brian , Cronin Chrysan , Tarini Beth A.
Published: December 2024

This cross-sectional study examines publicly available data to estimate school-based radon and radiation dose exposure to children attending school in 5 eastern Pennsylvania districts to estimate children’s annual additional risk as a result of those locations.
Interleukin 15‐Presenting Nanovesicles with Doxorubicin‐Loaded Ferritin Cores for Cancer Immunochemotherapy
Authors: Zhai Yihui , Zhang Wen , Wang Jinming , Kong Ying , Rong Rong , Lang Tianqun , Zheng Chao , Wang Yanke , Yu Yang , Zhu Helen He , Cai Ying , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Yaping
Published: December 2024

Interleukin 15 (IL15) is crucial for fostering the survival and proliferation of nature killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), playing a pivotal role in tumor control. However, IL15 supplementary therapy encounters challenges such as systemic inflammation and non‐specific stimulation of cancer cells. Herein, a nanovesicle termed DoxFILN, comprising a membrane presenting IL15/IL15 receptor α complexes (IL15c) and a core of doxorubicin‐loaded ferritin (Dox‐Fn) are reported. The DoxFILN significantly enhances the densities and activities of intratumoral CTLs and NK cells. Mechanistically, DoxFILN undergoes deshelling in the acidic tumor microenvironment, releasing Dox‐Fn and membrane‐bound IL15c. Dox‐Fn selectively target transferrin receptors on cancerous cells, facilitating intracellular Dox release and inducing immunogenic cell death. Concurrently, membrane‐bound IL15c recognizes and activates IL15 receptor β/γc heterodimers, leading to a remarkable increase in the proliferation and activation of CTLs (16‐fold and 28‐fold) and NK cells (37‐fold and 50‐fold). The IL15‐displaying nanovesicle introduced here holds promise as a potential platform for immunochemotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
United States pasture and rangeland conditions: 1995–2022
Authors: Bundy Logan R. , Gensini Vittorio A. , Ashley Walker S.
Published: December 2024

USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service pasture and rangeland condition data were used to establish a novel spatiotemporal climatology of condition ratings across the conterminous United States for the May–October grazing season over the 1995–2022 study period. On average, the coverage of grazing land that provides adequate or excess feed underwent a significant reduction during a typical season. Spatially, the southwestern United States exhibited the poorest grazing land conditions on average, with over 20 years below the national mean condition rating. At the national aggregated level, conditions degraded during the 28‐year study period, and the most significant trends were observed for grazing lands considered to have poor or very poor condition coverage, which increased. Robustly increasing trends in poor and very poor condition coverage were most apparent across the western half of the United States, which is predominantly rangeland. Meanwhile, the eastern half of the United States, which is mostly pastureland, generally experienced condition improvements. Overall, continued regional climatic changes that may result in increasing temperatures, variable precipitation totals, and subsequent soil moisture declines leading to increased drought instances will continue to impose challenges for grazing land managers. Grazing land condition declines can result in increased feed supply demand and reduced grazing capacity. Should these trends continue, there will be a growing need for flexible livestock, forage, and grazing management strategies in the coming decades to adapt to climate change‐induced impacts on water‐sensitive ecosystems.
Comparison of surveillance modalities in the surveillance of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma recurrence: A multi‐institutional study
Authors: Patel Saawan D. , Thapar Isha K. , Workman Alan D. , Lopez Dana F. , Bitner Benjamin F. , Bukzin Hannah B. , Lerner David K. , Wilensky Jadyn , Douglas Jennifer E. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. , Tong Charles C. L. , Kuan Edward C. , Kohanski Michael A.
Published: December 2024

Background

Recurrence of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) follows an aggressive course, and early detection is paramount. This study identifies the parameters of different surveillance modalities.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 105 SNSCC patients at three academic institutions from November 2009 to July 2024. Patient records were reviewed for demographics, tumor characteristics, endoscopy, CT, PET/CT, and MRI findings. Multivariable analyses were performed in RStudio.

Results

Mean time to recurrence was 12.1 months (SD 13.9 months). Patients with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (p = 0.041), endoscopic surgical approach (p = 0.015), and suspicious surveillance findings (p = 0.029) had higher rates of recurrence. Endoscopy showed a sensitivity of 18.5% and specificity of 99.2%, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 45.5% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.0%. CT had a sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 100.0%, with a PPV of 100.0% and NPV of 97.6%. PET/CT demonstrated a sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 90.8%, with a PPV of 64.5% and NPV of 97.6%. MRI showed a sensitivity of 72.4% and specificity of 97.1%, with a PPV of 65.6% and NPV of 97.9%. The median time from the last normal surveillance to recurrence was 2.07 months for endoscopy, 8.61 months for CT, 8.15 months for PET/CT, and 6.49 months for MRI.

Conclusions

The high specificity and NPV of endoscopy, alongside the high sensitivity of PET/CT, support a multimodal approach for surveillance. Given the mean onset of SNSCC recurrence at 12.1 months, surveillance beyond the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's asymptomatic 6‐month guideline is warranted, and follow‐up should be tailored to patient‐specific risk factors.
Regional cerebral blood flow reflects both neurodegeneration and microvascular integrity across the Alzheimer's continuum
Authors: Taghvaei Mohammad , Dolui Sudipto , Sadaghiani Shokufeh , Shakibajahromi Banafsheh , Brown Christopher , Khandelwal Pulkit , Xie Sharon X. , Das Sandhitsu , Yushkevich Paul A. , Wolk David A. , Detre John A.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION

Alzheimer's disease (AD) typically involves both neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies, each associated with reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, it remains unclear whether vascular and neural contributions to regional CBF can be differentiated.

METHODS

Using 3D background‐suppressed arterial spin labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging, we evaluated regional CBF in a cohort of 257 participants across the AD continuum and assessed the impact of risk factors for both AD and small vessel disease (SVD) on regional CBF.

RESULTS

Vascular risk factors (VRFs) were associated with reduced CBF in normal‐appearing periventricular white matter, while amyloid positivity was associated with reduced CBF in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. Putative SVD‐sensitive regions in white matter exhibited diagnosis‐related CBF changes comparable to those in typical AD cortical regions.

DISCUSSION

Spatial patterns of hypoperfusion may differentiate AD and VRF‐related effects on regional CBF. Our findings also support the contribution of SVD in AD pathogenesis.

Highlights

We used 3D background‐suppressed pCASL MRI to evaluate CBF across the AD continuum.

Putative SVD‐sensitive regions in white matter exhibited diagnosis‐related CBF changes.

AD and/or SVD risk correlated with reduced CBF in AD and/or SVD‐related regions.

VRFs were associated with more widespread CBF reductions than amyloid positivity.

Spatial patterns of hypoperfusion may differentiate AD and VRF‐related effects.
In/Outside Catalytic Sites of the Pore Walls in One‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Yang Shuai , He Zejin , Li Xuewen , Mei Bingbao , Huang Yifan , Xu Qing , Jiang Zheng
Published: December 2024

Pore channels play a decisive role in mass transport in catalytic systems. However, the influences of the location of catalytic sites inside or outside of the pore walls on the performance were still under‐explored due, because it is difficult to construct sites anchored in or outside of pore walls. Herein, one‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks with precisely anchored active sites were used to explore the effects of channels on a typical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysis. Electrocatalytic evaluations showed that single Pt sites located inside of the channels exhibited higher kinetic activity compared to those anchored outside. The in situ spectroscopic analysis revealed that local reconstruction of Pt−Cl breaking and potential‐induced anion transport occurred more effectively inside the channels. The superior anion transportability and kinetic activity of the inside‐channel active sites also facilitated *OH desorption during the ORR process outperforming their outside‐channel counterparts. The results of this study provide strategies for designing active sites in porous catalysts for heterogeneous catalysis.