bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suggestion Petroleum Coke from Iraq Oil Mix. (T-21A+T-5) & PF2 as Alternative Fuel for Cement and Metallurgy
Authors: Mohammad Simo Sherwan , Naman Salah Aldin , Ahmed Kanaan Ramadan , Faritovich Akhmetov Arslan , Gennadievich Lapshin Igor
Published: September 2021

The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other industries was suggesting. The feedstock using in this study are mixture (T-21A+T-5) Tawke and Shekhan PF2 AT residues were obtained from two Iraqi-Kurdistan crude oils by removing distillates boiling point up to 350°C  using the atmospheric distillation unit. The coking processing of AT residues at high temperatures to produce gas, coking distillates and petroleum coke. Coking of AT residues were carried out at temperature 450-460°C and atmospheric pressure, at this temperature, the duration of heat treatment of the feed was 2h. 45 min for Tawke and 2h. 15 min for Shekhan. The choice of temperature and time of the experiments was made on the basis that a lower temperature increases the duration of the process, and at a higher temperature a significant reduction in the duration of the process according to GOST methods, it becomes difficult to obtain the target product with the required content of volatile substances. An increase in the duration of the coking process about 3 hours and more in all cases leads to a decrease in the content of volatile substances. The study was suggested petroleum coke can be using instead of fuel oil on industry effectiveness in cost reduction when switched over from fuel oil to petroleum coke. in the last of this work, after all the measurements and characteristic obtained, two types of treatment scheme were proposed for how to refine these types of crude oils, which give petroleum products with a high sulfur content. The research proposed the technological, ecological and economic aspects of petroleum coke as fuel, including high sulfur content, use as energy in the electrical field (electro energy), and as an alternative fuel for cement production and metallurgical manufacture.
Physical Pain and Psychosocial Predictors of Sexual Activity among Multicultural Older Women
Authors: Lagana Luciana , Greenberg Shayna , Balian Ovsanna
Published: September 2021

Aims: To investigate the relationships between facets of sexual activity among ethnically diverse older women and indicators of their physical pain as well as their psychosocial wellbeing. Physical pain intensity, intimate relationships quality, non-medical psychological distress, and depressive symptomatology were examined as predictors of yearly frequency of interactional sexual activity with an intimate partner and of masturbation.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Psychology, California State University, Northridge, between September 2017 and December 2018.

Methodology: Thirty-four older women between 50 and 84 years (M = 65.85, SD = 7.75) were recruited. Participants were reasonably fluent in English, lived independently in the community, self-identified as heterosexual, and reported being in an intimate relationship at the time of data collection. A battery of self-report measures was administered by research assistants over two sessions, on average.

Results: Demographics, yearly frequency of interactional sexual activity and of masturbation, physical pain intensity, dyadic adjustment, non-medical distress, and depressive symptomatology were assessed and analyzed. An intercorrelational matrix was produced and two simultaneous multiple regressions were conducted. They revealed that dyadic adjustment was a significant and positive predictor of the yearly frequency of interactional sexual activity, holding all other predictors constant (b = 1.06, P = .02). Dyadic adjustment was not a significant predictor of yearly masturbation frequency (P = .55). Physical pain and psychological predictors were not related to yearly interactional sexual activity or masturbation frequency (Ps > .05).

Conclusion: Greater dyadic adjustment and associated feelings of satisfaction with an intimate relationship predict significantly higher yearly frequency of interactional sexual activity among older women. Additional research is necessary to corroborate the present findings and identify predictors of masturbation.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Molecular Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii in Alex Ekwueme-Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria
Authors: Egwu Ikechukwu Herbert , Iroha Ifeanyichukwu Romanus , Egwu-Ikechukwu Modesta Mmaduabuchi , Peter Ikemesit Udeme , Nnabugwu Charity Chinyere , Ali Chioma Margaret , Elom Elom Emeka , Ogene Lillian Ngozika , Edemekong Christiana Inuaesiet
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii, a notorious opportunistic pathogen known to seriously affect debilitated individuals especially intensive care unit (ICU) patients and others with underlying illness, have consistently jeopardized many antibiotics. This study was therefore aimed to ascertain the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and molecularly identify A. baumannii pathogens in Alex Ekwueme-Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Methodology: A total of 385 clinical samples were collected aseptically from debilitated patients and analyzed following standard microbiological procedures. Acinetobacter species was confirmed by Gram staining reaction and biochemical tests. All bacterial isolates were phenotypically screened for multidrug resistance using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion technique and results interpreted as per CLSI criteria. A. baumannii isolates were finally confirmed using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Results: A total of 23(6%) A. baumannii isolates were recovered from 385 clinical samples collected from 87 patients comprising 48 males and 39 females admitted in various hospital wards of AE-FETHA. The age of the patients varied from 20–79 years. The commonest sites for isolation of A. baumannii pathogen were catheter urine (8/8%) and wound sores (7/8%). The highest percentage resistance was observed with cefuroxime (96%), tetracycline (96%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (96 %), and ofloxacin (91%) while meropenem (91%) and imipenem (78%) were the most effective antibiotics against A. baumannii. The isolated A. baumannii was re-confirmed genotypically by 16S rRNA gene amplification. Variations were observed in the gene sequence of all the isolated A. baumannii. 

Conclusion: Catheter urine, wound sores, and respiratory fluids were the more easily colonized samples. Also, high frequency of multidrug resistance observed in this study further established A. baumannii as a notorious opportunistic pathogen.
Stigma Related to COVID-19 Positive Patients in Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2020 Pandemic
Authors: Milibary Ali Alawi , Mandoura Najlaa Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 has contributed to the development of stigma in the community of Jeddah, thus causing negative attitudes and beliefs toward individuals linked to the disease.

Objective: To describe stigma related to COVID-19 positive patients and find out factors associated with stigma subscales.

Subjects and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted on COVID-19 positive patients (lab confirmed) in Jeddah. The sample size was 420 patients, and the data was collected using a validated questionnaire adapted from HIV/AIDS stigma instrument (HASI-P). The data were analysed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 27.0).

Results: Total number of responses was (419). The median age was 32 (IQR, 25-43). Both genders, Saudi and non-Saudi, were included. The tool used to measure the COVID-19 related stigma of different six subscales. The verbal abuse had a median of (0, IQR=0-0.25), negative self-perception (median=0, IQR=0.02), health care neglect (median=0, IQR=0-0), social isolation (median=0.2, IQR=0-0.6), fear of contagion (median=0.33, IQR=0-0.83) and workplace stigma (median=0, IQR=0-0). Male gender was significantly associated with social isolation and fear of contagion, while working in the health care field was associated with workplace-related stigma. 

Conclusion: COVID-19-related social stigma was reported by a considerable number of Jeddah healthcare providers, specifically workplace-related stigma. Unexpectedly, males need more attention as regard to social isolation and fear of contagion. The results of this study can be of used to guide supportive social interventions to suppress the COVID-19 related stigma.
Preparation and Evaluation of Captopril Oral Floating Controlled Release Formulations
Authors: Vydana Ramakrishna , Bonnoth Chandra Sekhar Kothapalli , Suryadevara Vidyadhara , Doppalapudi Sandeep
Published: September 2021

Aim: Dosing frequency is a major hurdle in geriatrics with frequent drug administration. In such cases, oral controlled release floating formulations are helpful which causes reduction in dosing frequency and fluctuation of drug levels in plasma. The main aim of the current research was to prepare Captopril floating controlled release formulations in order to achieve extended gastric retention in the upper GIT.

Methodology: Captopril tablets were prepared using different concentrations of poly ethylene oxide water soluble resin (PEO WSR) 303 (5% to 30%) by direct compression technique. Captopril formulations CSP1 and CSP6 were formulated using PEO WSR 303. Pre and post compression parameters were evaluated. Dissolution studies were performed for the prepared tablets using 0.1N hydrochloric acid as dissolution medium.

Results: The dissolution studies showed controlled drug release up to 12h. The formulation CSP5 prepared using 25% w/w of PEO WSR 303 showed maximum drug release of 97.97% at 12h. Almost similar drug release profile was also observed for CSP6 which was prepared using 30%w/w PEO WSR 303. These two formulations were further added with various concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (5% to 15%) and citric acid (2.5% to 10%) which enhanced floating of drug in Gastro intestinal tract (GIT). Formulation CSP8 containing 10% of sodium bicarbonate with 25% PEO WSR 303 showed less buoyancy lag time and prolonged drug release. Formulation CSP15 showed very less buoyancy lag time of 5sec. Characterization studies like Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were also carried out.

Conclusion: The prepared Captopril floating tablets could be an alternative formulation for prolonged drug release.
Apresentação do Dossiê 11:
Authors: De Souza Camila Diogo , Morales Damian Manuel Alberto , Cymbalista Renato , Piovezan Adriane
Published: September 2021

As epidemias, nos mais variados recortes históricos, contestam e perturbam as formas socioculturais tradicionais e vigentes de lidar com a morte, o morrer e os mortos, que desequilibram o mundo dos vivos em vários aspectos, ocasionando uma nova reestruturação. Face à situação mundial atual, este dossiê tem como objetivo discutir algumas maneiras como sociedades, em diferentes contextos geográficos e temporais, lidaram – ou lidam – com epidemias, e como estas impactam o processo social, cultural político e biológico do morrer e dos mortos, as visões sobre a morte e o cotidiano dos ritos fúnebres. Em consonância com a trajetória editorial da Revista M., faz uma abordagem interdisciplinar que visa entender e apresentar algumas leituras históricas, antropológicas, arqueológicas, artísticas e políticas em contextos de epidemia em todos os períodos históricos.
Muerte y derivados:
Authors: Padilla Y Rosa Inés
Published: September 2021

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la muerte y lo funerario, no solamente desde su dimensión cultural, sino desde la problematización de estos conceptos alrededor de nuevas dimensiones de análisis: lo comercial, lo político y lo ético; lo que configura la industria funeraria. El texto que se presenta a continuación es también el resultado del trabajo de campo realizado en la Ciudad de México, en dos de las empresas funerarias más grandes e influyentes de la ciudad: Gayosso y J. García López. Las etnografías realizadas ayudan a explicar y a describir los ciernes de esta industria y la consolidación de un mercado espacializado y especializado en la Ciudad de México que busca expandirse a la totalidad del territorio mexicano; pero que, además, es parte de una tendencia global en la forma de comprender y enfrentar la muerte en la contemporaneidad. De esta forma, el texto busca definir y entender cómo funciona la industria funeraria y los mecanismos que emplea para consolidarse dentro de un mercado tanto local como uno global.
Mácula e Contágio:
Authors: Agostini Cristina de Souza
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo busca analisar a maneira pela qual a noção de míasma se mostra indispensável para a compreensão do contágio e da peste em Édipo Rei. Para tanto, tratar-se-á de alguns excertos homéricos que demonstram a relação dos personagens com a purificação das mãos antes de ações cultuais, de um lado e, de outro lado, a abordagem que Ésquilo e Sófocles conferem sobre as noções de pureza e impureza. Por fim, será aprofundada a dimensão catastrófica que o míasma pode alcançar, por meio da tragédia Édipo Rei. Desse modo, busca-se sustentar a tese de que a peste contagiosa, em Édipo Rei, é fruto da própria sujeira do personagem-título, sujeira essa para a qual Édipo não providenciou uma limpeza adequada. Nesse sentido, procura-se desvincular da peça a noção de castigo divino, para sustentar que, na tragédia, o sangue possui extrema força como veículo de contaminação.
Interpretation of intrafraction motion review data and method for verification
Authors: Graeper Gavin , Cetnar Ashley , Ayan Ahmet S. , Weldon Michael
Published: September 2021

The current clinical interface for Varian's intrafraction motion review (IMR) is limited, providing only qualitative data for review at the treatment console. This study provides a method of extracting and interpreting data from combined log files for quantitative evaluation. Combined log files acquired during patient treatment and a parsing code was developed to scan the combined log file looking for unique identifiers pertaining to the data of interest. We were able to extract clinically relevant parameters from the log files including date and time, gantry angle, expected marker position, found marker position, pixel size, and detection result. This study details how to compare IMR data to Calypso investigating dual‐surrogates for intrafraction monitoring during treatment for other researchers to build on these methods. Understanding data recorded during treatment within the combined log files can be helpful in quality improvement of patient care by retrospectively reviewing intrafraction motion.
Years post‐treatment, patients battle external issues threatening recovery
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: September 2021

Leaders of substance use treatment programs will often refer to the concept of a lifelong recovery journey, but many do little more than pay lip service to it. A new study published last month in the Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health uses information from in‐depth interviews with 11 former inpatients to convey why program leaders should change how they think about recovery if they're truly vested in their patients' long‐term well‐being.
AMA urges states to stop prior authorizations for buprenorphine
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2021

The American Medical Association (AMA) is telling states to halt the use of prior authorizations for opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment and to provide adequate pain relief via opioid prescriptions. These recommendations are needed to stem the continuing increases in opioid overdoses, according to the AMA. Despite a 44% decrease in opioid prescribing nationwide over the past 10 years, drug‐related overdoses and deaths are still increasing.
Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Characterization of Selective Laser Melted CoCrMo Alloy under Different Heat Treatment Conditions and Hot Isostatic Pressing
Authors: Cornacchia Giovanna , Cecchel Silvia , Battini Davide , Petrogalli Candida , Avanzini Andrea
Published: September 2021

A deep knowledge of material properties is fundamental to obtain high‐performance medical implants realized with CoCrMo alloy manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM), even more so when considering that heat treatments (HTs) are often necessary to refine the microstructure, eliminate residual stress, and improve mechanical properties. To this aim, herein, SLM CoCrMo alloy samples are produced in six different treatment conditions: as built (AB), four different vacuum HTs, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Modifications to microstructure, hardness, tensile behavior, and wear resistance are then investigated. Results reveal that vacuum HTs and HIP have different effects on microstructure and types of defects with respect to the AB condition. Thus, proper selection of the treatment is mandatory to improve specific mechanical properties, such as strength, ductility, hardness, or tribological response. In this context, it is confirmed that the choice of an appropriate HT allows SLM CoCrMo to reach the target mechanical properties set by international standards for applications in the medical field, such as dentistry or orthopedics.
Anisotropic Properties of Quasi‐1D In4Se3: Mechanical Exfoliation, Electronic Transport, and Polarization‐Dependent Photoresponse
Authors: Vorobeva Nataliia S. , Lipatov Alexey , Torres Angel , Dai Jun , Abourahma Jehad , Le Duy , Dhingra Archit , Gilbert Simeon J. , Galiy Pavlo V. , Nenchuk Taras M. , Muratov Dmitry S. , Rahman Talat S. , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Dowben Peter A. , Sinitskii Alexander
Published: September 2021

Theoretical and experimental investigations of various exfoliated samples taken from layered In4Se3 crystals are performed. In spite of the ionic character of interlayer interactions in In4Se3 and hence much higher calculated cleavage energies compared to graphite, it is possible to produce few‐nanometer‐thick flakes of In4Se3 by mechanical exfoliation of its bulk crystals. The In4Se3 flakes exfoliated on Si/SiO2 have anisotropic electronic properties and exhibit field‐effect electron mobilities of about 50 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature, which are comparable with other popular transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) electronic materials, such as MoS2 and TiS3. In4Se3 devices exhibit a visible range photoresponse on a timescale of less than 30 ms. The photoresponse depends on the polarization of the excitation light consistent with symmetry‐dependent band structure calculations for the most expected ac cleavage plane. These results demonstrate that mechanical exfoliation of layered ionic In4Se3 crystals is possible, while the fast anisotropic photoresponse makes In4Se3 a competitive electronic material, in the TMC family, for emerging optoelectronic device applications.
Physiologically‐Regulated Adhesion of Hydrogels for Wound Dressing
Authors: Xu Mengda , Miao Yan , Yu Jiahui , Zhang Lidong
Published: September 2021

Adhesion allows the close contact of wound dressing materials with skin surface. However, the dressing replacement inevitably causes the secondary damage to unhealed wound, so a wound dressing material having physiologically‐regulated adhesion is of high significance. Herein, a hydrogel is reported by covalently introducing cationic moieties into an elastic network. The cationic moieties are capable of electron‐withdrawing that promotes a strong electrostatic interaction with polar groups of protein (high electron cloud density) from the wound skin tissue, enabling the adhesion of hydrogel on the skin surface. With the tissue metabolism, the nucleophilic skin surface forms a lipid layer that gradually destroys the electrostatic interaction and weakens the interfacial affinity. The adhesion energy can be reduced from 60 to <10 J m−2 in 7 days, so that the dressing material can be removed easily. The cationic moieties also endow the hydrogel a high water swelling ratio (reaching 25 200%) and an efficient antibacterial property. The in vivo tests demonstrate that the wound on a mouse back reaches physiological 100% healing after the hydrogel dressing treatment for 12 days. All results show that the introduction of cationic moieties makes the hydrogel more promising as a wound dressing.
Porous PEDOT:PSS Particles and their Application as Tunable Cell Culture Substrate
Authors: Rauer Sebastian Bernhard , Bell Daniel Josef , Jain Puja , Rahimi Khosrow , Felder Daniel , Linkhorst John , Wessling Matthias
Published: September 2021

Due to its biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, and tissue‐like elasticity, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) constitutes a highly promising material regarding the fabrication of smart cell culture substrates. However, until now, high‐throughput synthesis of pure PEDOT:PSS geometries was restricted to flat sheets and fibers. In this publication, the first microfluidic process for the synthesis of spherical, highly porous, pure PEDOT:PSS particles of adjustable material properties is presented. The particles are synthesized by the generation of PEDOT:PSS emulsion droplets within a 1‐octanol continuous phase and their subsequent coagulation and partial crystallization in an isopropanol (IPA)/sulfuric acid (SA) bath. The process allows to tailor central particle characteristics such as crystallinity, particle diameter, pore size as well as electrochemical and mechanical properties by simply adjusting the IPA:SA ratio during droplet coagulation. To demonstrate the applicability of PEDOT:PSS particles as potential cell culture substrate, cultivations of L929 mouse fibroblast cells and MRC‐5 human fibroblast cells are conducted. Both cell lines present exponential growth on PEDOT:PSS particles and reach confluency with cell viabilities above 95 vol.% on culture day 9. Single cell analysis could moreover reveal that mechanotransduction and cell infiltration can be controlled by the adjustment of particle crystallinity.
Ag(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Aminoquinolines from 1‐Aminobutadiynes and Anilines
Authors: Liu Ningning , Sun Huaming , Wang Junying , Zhang Zunting , Wang Tao
Published: September 2021

A Ag(I)‐catalyzed annulation of 1‐aminobutadiynes with anilines was described. By tuning the steric and electronic properties of anilines, 2‐aminoquinoline scaffold was constructed instead of the literature‐reported 2‐amidopyrroles. Notedly, the reactions of polyaromatic amines also proceed smoothly to afford nitrogen‐containing polyaromatics.

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Liquid‐Based Multijunction Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Collection Device
Authors: Wang Zhihang , Moïse Henry , Cacciarini Martina , Nielsen Mogens Brøndsted , Morikawa Masa‐aki , Kimizuka Nobuo , Moth‐Poulsen Kasper
Published: September 2021

Photoswitchable molecules‐based solar thermal energy storage system (MOST) can potentially be a route to store solar energy for future use. Herein, the use of a multijunction MOST device that combines various photoswitches with different onsets of absorption to push the efficiency limit on solar energy collection and storage is explored. With a parametric model calculation, it is shown that the efficiency limit of MOST concept can be improved from 13.0% to 18.2% with a double‐junction system and to 20.5% with a triple‐junction system containing ideal, red‐shifted MOST candidates. As a proof‐of‐concept, the use of a three‐layered MOST device is experimentally demonstrated. The device uses different photoswitches including a norbornadiene derivative, a dihydroazulene derivative, and an azobenzene derivative in liquid state with different MOSTproperties, to increase the energy capture and storage behavior. This conceptional device introduces a new way of thinking and designing optimal molecular candidates for MOST, as much improvement can be made by tailoring molecules to efficiently store solar energy at specific wavelengths.
Agroclimatic effects over physicochemical characteristics of Moringa seed oil for biodiesel production in two subtropical sites
Authors: Pérez‐Landa Irving D. , Reyes‐Díaz Mauricio , Pérez‐Vázquez Arturo , Galaviz‐Villa Itzel , Vázquez‐León Lucio A. , Valdés‐Rodríguez Ofelia A.
Published: September 2021

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) produces oily seeds considered a good biofuel source; however, little has been researched over the influence of agroclimatic data on the characteristics of Moringa oil. The objective of this work was to determine the relationships between soil and climatic conditions over the physicochemical characteristics of Moringa oil. The methodology evaluated two different sites (Sites 1 and 2) located on the eastern Mexican coast. On both sites, soil analysis was performed, and climatic conditions were recorded. Oil was extracted from the seeds, and its properties were determined by standard methods of the international union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC). The results indicated that oil content (OC) was higher in Site 2, which had a soil deficient in organic matter (OM), sandy texture, and slightly alkaline pH. Still, it was rich in nitrites (NO2–) and nitrates(NO3–) and received higher radiation than Site 1, which had a clay loam texture, moderately acid pH, was middle rich in OM, and reduced NO2– and NO3– soil. However, in Site 1, the acid value, peroxide, saponification, and iodine values were higher. Other variables, like kinematic viscosity (KV), refraction index (RI), and density (D), were similar between sites. We conclude that plant productivity and physicochemical characteristics of Moringa oil for biodiesel purposes benefit from a climate with high radiation and light soils rich in NO2–, NO3–, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and access to water. In contrast, heavier and acid soils are not recommended.
A monoallelicSEC23AvariantE599Kassociated withcranio‐lenticulo‐suturaldysplasia
Authors: Cisarova Katarina , Garavelli Livia , Caraffi Stefano Giuseppe , Peluso Francesca , Valeri Lara , Gargano Giancarlo , Gavioli Sara , Trimarchi Gabriele , Neri Alberto , Campos‐Xavier Belinda , Superti‐Furga Andrea
Published: September 2021

Cranio‐lenticulo‐sutural dysplasia (CLSD; MIM 607812) is a rare or underdiagnosed condition, as only two families have been reported. The original family (Boyadjiev et al.,Human Genetics, 2003, 113, 1–9 and Boyadjiev et al.,Nature Genetics, 2006, 38, 1192–1197) showed recessive inheritance of the condition with a biallelicSEC23Amissense variant in affected individuals. In contrast, another child with sporadic CLSD had a monoallelicSEC23Avariant inherited from the reportedly unaffected father (Boyadjiev et al.,Clinical Genetics, 2011, 80, 169–176), raising questions on possible digenism. Here, we report a 2‐month‐old boy seen because of large fontanels with wide cranial sutures, a large forehead, hypertelorism, a thin nose, a high arched palate, and micrognathia. His mother was clinically unremarkable, while his father had a history of large fontanels in infancy who had closed only around age 10 years; he also had a large forehead, hypertelorism, a thin, beaked nose and was operated for bilateral glaucoma with exfoliation of the lens capsule. Trio genome sequencing and familial segregation revealed a monoallelic c.1795G > A transition inSEC23Athat was de novo in the father and transmitted to the proband. The variant predicts a nonconservative substitution (p.E599K) in an ultra‐conserved residue that is seen in 3D models of yeast SEC23 to be involved in direct binding between SEC23 and SAR1 subunits of the coat protein complex II coat. This observation confirms the link betweenSEC23Avariants and CLSD but suggests that in addition to the recessive inheritance described in the original family,SEC23Avariants may result in dominant inheritance of CLSD, possibly by a dominant‐negative disruptive effect on the SEC23 multimer.
Manipulation of One‐Way Gaussian Steering via Quantum Correlated Microwave Fields
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Bo , Liu Hong‐Yu , Yang Rong‐Can
Published: September 2021

Manipulation of one‐way Gaussian steering in macroscopic systems is outstandingly challenging in modern physics. In this paper, a cavity magnomechanical system is used which is composed of two spatially separate microwave cavities and two massive yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres in order for one‐way Gaussian steering. The two cavities are pumped by a two‐mode squeezed light, while both two YIG spheres are individually driven by a classical field at a red sideband with respect to the magnon mode. By creating different excitations for the two phonon modes, the systemic symmetry is broken and one‐way Gaussian steering with strong entanglement between two phonon modes induced by the deformation of YIG spheres is achieved. This finding may provide a novel method to manipulate asymmetric quantum steering between two long‐distance macroscopic objects which is of great importance for quantum information processing.
Inhibition Mechanism of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease with Ketone‐Based Inhibitors Unveiled by Multiscale Simulations: Insights for Improved Designs**
Authors: Ramos‐Guzmán Carlos A. , Ruiz‐Pernía J. Javier , Tuñón Iñaki
Published: September 2021

We present the results of classical and QM/MM simulations for the inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 3CL protease by a hydroxymethylketone inhibitor, PF‐00835231. In the noncovalent complex the carbonyl oxygen atom of the warhead is placed in the oxyanion hole formed by residues 143 to 145, while P1–P3 groups are accommodated in the active site with interactions similar to those observed for the peptide substrate. According to alchemical free energy calculations, the P1′ hydroxymethyl group also contributes to the binding free energy. Covalent inhibition of the enzyme is triggered by the proton transfer from Cys145 to His41. This step is followed by the nucleophilic attack of the Sγ atom on the carbonyl carbon atom of the inhibitor and a proton transfer from His41 to the carbonyl oxygen atom mediated by the P1′ hydroxyl group. Computational simulations show that the addition of a chloromethyl substituent to the P1′ group may lower the activation free energy for covalent inhibition
Self‐Assembly of a Bilayer 2D Supramolecular Organic Framework in Water
Authors: Yang Bo , Yu Shang‐Bo , Zhang Pan‐Qing , Wang Ze‐Kun , Qi Qiao‐Yan , Wang Xu‐Qing , Xu Xun‐Hui , Yang Hai‐Bo , Wu Zong‐Quan , Liu Yi , Ma Da , Li Zhan‐Ting
Published: September 2021

Accurate control of the layer number of orderly stacked 2D polymers has been an unsettled challenge in self‐assembly. Herein we describe the fabrication of a bilayer 2D supramolecular organic framework from a monolayer 2D supramolecular organic framework in water by utilizing the cooperative coordination of a rod‐like bipyridine ligands to zinc porphyrin subunits of the monolayer network. The monolayer supramolecular framework is prepared from the co‐assembly of an octacationic zinc porphyrin monomer and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in water through CB[8]‐encapsulation‐promoted dimerization of 4‐phenylpyridiunium subunits that the zinc porphyrin monomer bear. The bilayer 2D supramolecular organic framework exhibits structural regularity in both solution and the solid state, which is characterized by synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopic techniques. Atomic force microscopic imaging confirms that the bilayer character of the 2D supramolecular organic framework can be realized selectively on the micrometer scale.
SmCo5 with a Reconstructed Oxyhydroxide Surface for Spin‐Selective Water Oxidation at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Chen Riccardo Ruixi , Chen Gao , Ren Xiao , Ge Jingjie , Ong Samuel Jun Hoong , Xi Shibo , Wang Xin , Xu Zhichuan J.
Published: September 2021

The efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen production is limited by the slow reaction kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Surface‐reconstructed ferromagnetic (FM) catalysts with a spin‐pinning effect at the FM/oxyhydroxide interface could enhance the spin‐dependent OER kinetics. However, in real‐life applications, electrolyzers are operated at elevated temperature, which may disrupt the spin orientations of FM catalysts and limit their performance. In this study, we prepared surface‐reconstructed SmCo5/CoOxHy, which possesses polarized spins at the FM/oxyhydroxide interface that lead to excellent OER activity. These interfacial polarized spins could be further aligned through a magnetization process, which further enhanced the OER performance. Moreover, the operation temperature was elevated to mimic the practical operation conditions of water electrolyzers. It was found that the OER activity enhancement of the magnetized SmCo5/CoOxHy catalyst could be preserved up to 60 °C.
Boosting Oxygen Reduction via Integrated Construction and Synergistic Catalysis of Porous Platinum Alloy and Defective Graphitic Carbon
Authors: Huang Lei , Su Ya‐Qiong , Qi Ruijuan , Dang Dai , Qin Yanyang , Xi Shibo , Zaman Shahid , You Bo , Ding Shujiang , Xia Bao Yu
Published: September 2021

Integrated fabrication through the strong interaction between catalyst and carrier is crucial to realize efficient oxygen electrocatalysis for fuel cells. We report herein a porous Pt‐rich alloy encapsulated by graphitic carbon via integration engineering, where a synergistic catalysis between ternary PtCuCo alloy and graphitic Co‐N‐C results in the optimized reaction pathway and improved oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance. The hybrid catalyst PtCuCo@Co‐N‐C delivers a mass activity of 1.14 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V vs. RHE and a peak power density of 960 mW cm−2 in the full‐cell assessment, outperforming commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.12 A mgPt−1 and 780 mW cm−2). Experimental results combined with theoretical simulations suggest that the mutual assistance between porous Pt alloy and Co‐N‐C accounts for the enhanced catalytic performance. Such integrated engineering concept is significant for strengthening the anti‐corrosion capabilities and improving the ORR performance of Pt‐based catalysts.
Recycled polyethylene/polyethylene‐ethylene‐1‐octene‐maleic anhydride composite with improved mechanical properties
Authors: He Hezhi , Wang Yi , Gao Jun , Huang Zhaoxia , Liu Yufan , Tian Guidong , Xu Li , Zhu Zhiwen
Published: September 2021

Owing to the thermomechanical degradation and impurities, the high‐value utilization of waste packaging plastics is still a great challenge. In this work, we confirmed that the major sort of impurity in waste polyethylene (PE) packing films is calcium carbonate. Consequently, PE/poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene)‐maleic anhydride (rPE/POE‐g‐MAH) and poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) (rPE/POE) composites were recycled using a custom‐made three‐screw extruder, who can supply intensive shear flow during extrusion. The POE‐g‐MAH is detected to be filled between PE and inorganic impurities, and the compatibility is improved through chemical reactions. As mechanical test manifested, the rPE/POE‐g‐MAH blends present higher tensile strength and elongation at break than the rPE/POE blends at the same composition. The reason for such improved toughness of composite was explained in detail through the tensile fracture surface analysis. Rheology test further shows that POE‐g‐MAH improves the compatibility of matrix and impurities. In summary, this article provides a sustainable route for enhancing the poor ductility of recycled express bags in a simple and economical way, which could pave an avenue for high‐value utilization of waste packaging plastics. At the same time, it also provides new solutions for material selection in packaging, construction, agriculture and other fields.
Low cost and eco‐friendly polymeric matrix prepared by physical cross‐linking as potential potassium nitrate release system
Authors: Perez Bravo Jonas J. , Francois Nora J.
Published: September 2021

Chitosan‐poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends were used to form spherical polymeric networks using sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as an ionic cross‐linker. Ionotropic gelation and neutralization of protonated chitosan induced the formation of beads after contacting the polymeric droplets with a STPP aqueous solution. Morphology, structural characteristics and thermal stability of beads were elucidated using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The water swelling kinetics and the capacity of KNO3 loading of beads as well as the release process of the loaded salt were also studied. It was found that beads exhibited an equilibrium swelling ratio in the range of 324%–361%. PVA addition improved the economic viability of the polymeric matrix without compromising the formation of the beads. The cross‐linking time and the composition of the polymeric hydrogel did not significantly modify the cross‐linking degree and the fertilizer loading capability. Release experiments were performed submerging loaded beads in distilled water. After 10 days of continuous release, the cumulative concentration in the release medium reached near 100% of the initially loaded salt. Loaded beads are environmental‐friendly and could be useful in agricultural applications as controlled‐release fertilizers.
Understanding the spread ofCOVID‐19 misinformation on social media: The effects of topics and a political leader's nudge
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Zhang Min , Fan Weiguo , Zhao Kang
Published: September 2021

The spread of misinformation on social media has become a major societal issue during recent years. In this work, we used the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic as a case study to systematically investigate factors associated with the spread of multi‐topic misinformation related to one event on social media based on the heuristic‐systematic model. Among factors related to systematic processing of information, we discovered that the topics of a misinformation story matter, with conspiracy theories being the most likely to be retweeted. As for factors related to heuristic processing of information, such as when citizens look up to their leaders during such a crisis, our results demonstrated that behaviors of a political leader, former US President Donald J. Trump, may have nudged people's sharing of COVID‐19 misinformation. Outcomes of this study help social media platform and users better understand and prevent the spread of misinformation on social media.
Perylene Diimide Hexamer Based on Combination of Direct and Indirect Linkage Manners for Non‐fullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Cetao , Zhang Sixuan , Wu Mingliang , Chen Xingyu , Xu Jingwen , Shen Hao , Wang Huan , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong
Published: September 2021

Perylene diimide (PDI) is one of the most intensively studied building blocks for the construction of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). In this contribution, based on combination of the direct and indirect linkage manners of PDI units at the bay position, a propeller‐shaped PDI hexamer T‐DPDI was designed and synthesized. The singly bonded PDI dimer DPDI and the benzene ring cored PDI trimer TPDI were synthesized for comparison. The photovoltaic performances of these three PDI derivatives were investigated using the commercially available PTB7‐Th as electron donor. A best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.58% was obtained for T‐DPDI based organic solar cells (OSCs), which is higher than those of DPDI and TPDI based ones. The superior photovoltaic performance of T‐DPDI can be ascribed to its stronger absorption and more favorable morphology. This study presents an interesting example of improving the photovoltaic performances of PDI based NFAs by hybridizing the direct and indirect linkage manners.
Quercetin‐loaded platelets as a potential targeted therapy for glioblastoma multiforme cell line U373‐MG
Authors: Bhandarkar Sayali , Prabhakar Bala , Shende Pravin
Published: September 2021

Over the globe, the incidence of glioblastoma multiforme (GM) is very low, that is, 1–4 cases per 100,000, but it is fatal and cancer grows very fast inside the brain tissues, namely astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Because of the rapid growth, it is difficult to halt the dissemination of tumor in adjacent tissues. Although temozolomide (TMZ) is a currently approved standard of care, it develops resistance over the period. Therefore, there is a need to develop a novel drug delivery system. In this work, authors have developed platelets as drug delivery carriers‐loaded with quercetin (QCT) for targeting GM. The effect of QCT and QCT‐platelet was assessed on the U373‐MG cell line. Natural human platelets were used as carriers for drug loading and drug delivery. Platelets possess an open canalicular system that allows the uptake of drug molecules in the platelet cytoplasm. The study showed that the maximum encapsulation efficiency of QCT‐platelet was 93.96 ± 0.12% and the maximum drug release in 24 h was 76.26 ± 0.13% in‐vitro at pH 5.5 that mimics the tumor microenvironment. In this work, there is a three‐fold enhancement of solubility of QCT. The cytotoxic activity of QCT‐platelets was studied in the U373‐MG human astrocytoma glioblastoma cell line and the cell viability was 14.52 ± 1.53% after 48 h. Thus, platelets were proved as good carriers for therapeutic moieties and can be effectively used to target the glioblastoma tumor in the near future.
MLL3 is a de novo cause of endocrine therapy resistance
Authors: Stauffer Kimberly M. , Elion David L. , Cook Rebecca S. , Stricker Thomas
Published: September 2021

Background

Cancer resequencing studies have revealed epigenetic enzymes as common targets for recurrent mutations. The monomethyltransferase MLL3 is among the most recurrently mutated enzymes in ER+ breast cancer. The H3K4me1 marks created by MLL3 can define enhancers. In ER+ breast cancer, ERα genome‐binding sites are primarily distal enhancers. Thus, we hypothesize that mutation of MLL3 will alter the genomic binding and transcriptional regulatory activity of ERα.

Methods

We investigated the genomic consequences of knocking down MLL3 in an MLL3/PIK3CA WT ER+ breast cancer cell line.

Results

Loss of MLL3 led to a large loss of H3K4me1 across the genome, and a shift in genomic location of ERα‐binding sites, which was accompanied by a re‐organization of the breast cancer transcriptome. Gene set enrichment analyses of ERα‐binding sites in MLL3 KD identified endocrine therapy resistance terms, and we showed that MLL3 KD cells are resistant to tamoxifen and fulvestrant. Many differentially expressed genes are controlled by the small collection of new locations of H3K4me1 deposition and ERα binding, suggesting that loss of functional MLL3 leads to new transcriptional regulation of essential genes. Motif analysis of RNA‐seq and ChIP‐seq data highlighted SP1 as a critical transcription factor in the MLL3 KD cells. Differentially expressed genes that display a loss of ERα binding upon MLL3 KD also harbor increased SP1 binding.

Conclusions

Our data show that a decrease in functional MLL3 leads to endocrine therapy resistance. This highlights the importance of genotyping patient tumor samples for MLL3 mutation upon initial resection, prior to deciding upon treatment plans.
Taking psychotherapy into sport—A clinical perspective
Authors: Bloom Gary
Published: September 2021

Gary Bloom, the first psychotherapist to work in a professional football club, discusses how he has adapted his traditional psychotherapeutic training to match the demands of working with elite athletes, providing support for their performance improvement and more widely, their emotional and mental health.
Safety and efficacy of dedicated guidewire, microcatheter, and guide catheter extension technologies for chronic total coronary occlusion revascularization: Primary results of the Teleflex Chronic Total Occlusion Study
Authors: Kandzari David E. , Alaswad Khaldoon , Jaffer Farouc A. , Brilakis Emmanouil , Croce Kevin , Kearney Kathleen , Spaedy Anthony , Yeh Robert , Thompson Craig , Nicholson William , Wyman R. Michael , Riley Robert , Lansky Alexandra , Buller Christopher , Karmpaliotis Dimitrios
Published: September 2021

Background

Description of procedural outcomes using contemporary techniques that apply specialized coronary guidewires, microcatheters, and guide catheter extensions designed for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous revascularization is limited.

Methods

A prospective, multicenter, single‐arm study was conducted to evaluate procedural and in‐hospital outcomes among 150 patients undergoing attempted CTO revascularization utilizing specialized guidewires, microcatheters and guide extensions. The primary endpoint was defined as successful guidewire recanalization and absence of in‐hospital cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), or repeat target lesion revascularization (major adverse cardiac events, MACE).

Results

The prevalence of diabetes was 32.7%; prior MI, 48.0%; and previous bypass surgery, 32.7%. Average (mean ± standard deviation) CTO length was 46.9 ± 20.5 mm, and mean J‐CTO score was 1.9 ± 0.9. Combined radial and femoral arterial access was performed in 50.0% of cases. Device utilization included: support microcatheter, 100%; guide catheter extension, 64.0%; and mean number of study guidewires/procedure was 4.8 ± 2.6. Overall, procedural success was achieved in 75.3% of patients. The rate of successful guidewire recanalization was 94.7%, and in‐hospital MACE was 19.3%. Achievement of TIMI grade 2 or 3 flow was observed in 93.3% of patients. Crossing strategies included antegrade (54.0%), retrograde (1.3%) and combined antegrade/retrograde techniques (44.7%). Clinically significant perforation resulting in hemodynamic instability and/or requiring intervention occurred in 16 (10.7%) patients.

Conclusions

In a multicenter, prospective registration study, favorable procedural success was achieved despite high lesion complexity using antegrade and retrograde guidewire maneuvers and with acceptable safety, yet with comparably higher risk than conventional non‐CTO PCI.
Oral reconstruction with hybrid implant‐supported fixed prostheses in cases of mandibular defect using two methods along with 3 years of follow‐up: A case report
Authors: Niakan Somayeh , Yaghoobi Negin
Published: September 2021

Ameloblastoma is an invasive odontogenic tumor, and for reconstruction, iliac graft and dental implants play an important role. This article evaluates the application of hybrid prostheses, clinical steps, and complications related to this treatment.
Input of Electroanalytical Methods for the Determination of Diclofenac: A Review of Recent Trends and Developments
Authors: Kassahun Getnet Sewnet , Griveau Sophie , Bedioui Fethi , Slim Cyrine
Published: September 2021

Diclofenac (DCL) is a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory commonly prescribed to treat inflammatory joint diseases and mild to moderate pain. DCL residues have often been detected in freshwater environments and it belongs to the list of emerging pollutants (EPs) because of the risk it presents for health and environment. Many studies have described the potential effects of DCL on organisms when exposed to environmental levels ranging from a few ng L−1to tens of μg L−1in surface water. Until now, its detection essentially depends on conventional techniques, such HPLC and GC/MS. Although these analytic techniques are very robust, they are expensive, require experts, and are not portable. Electrochemical sensors are an attractive alternative. They provide many benefits over thermal, optical, and piezoelectric detection including ease of use, rapidity, cost‐effectiveness, high sensitivity and selectivity, ease of miniaturization and robustness. The aim of this review is to report electrochemical methods used for the detection of DCL and to describe strategies for improving performances of each sensors.