bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SELF-REGULATED LEARNING MEMODERASI PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL,EKSTRAKURIKULER, DAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP PROKRASTINASIAKADEMIK
Authors: Yaningsih Susi , Fachrurrozie Fachrurrozie
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh teori dan studi kasus intensitas penggunaan media sosial, keaktifan siswa dalam ekstrakurikuler, lingkungan teman sebaya terhadap prokrastinasi akademik serta untuk menguji variabel self-regulated learning sebagai variabel moderasi. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X kompetensi keahlian Akuntansi di SMK Negeri 1 Purwokerto, SMK Negeri 1 Banyumas dan SMK Negeri Kebasen. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah probability sampling dengan proportional sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode SEM Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) intensitas penggunaan media sosial (22,3%) dan keaktifan siswa dalam ekstrakurikuler (33,7%) berpengaruh positif terhadap prokrastinasi akademik (2) lingkungan teman sebaya tidak berpengaruh terhadap prokrastinasi akademik (3) self regulated learning tidak memoderasi hubungan intensitas penggunaan media sosial, keaktifan siswa dalam ekstrakurikuler dan prokrastinasi akademik (5) self-regulated learning memoderasi hubungan lingkungan teman sebaya dan prokrastinasi akademik (6) self-regulated learning berpengaruh negatif terhadap prokrastinasi akademik (36,3%). Siswa disarankan untuk mengurangi kebiasaan menunda baik kegiatan akademik maupun diluar akademik.

 

This study aimed to analyze the theoretical influence and case study related to the intensity of social media usage, student activeness in extracurricular, peer environment towards academic procrastination and self-regulated learning as a moderation variable. The population in this study were the students of grade X Accounting skills in SMK Negeri 1 Purwokerto, SMK Negeri 1 Banyumas and SMK Negeri Kebasen number of 334 students. Sampling using probability sampling with proportional sampling number of 100 students Data is collected using questionnaires. Sampling using probability sampling with proportional sampling number of 100 students. the data is analyzed using SEM method Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS 3.0.The results showed that (1) the intensity of social media usage (22,3%) and the activity of the students in extracurricular (33,7%)  have positive effect on the academic procrastination (2) the peer environment have no effect on the academic procrastination (3) self-regulated learning does not moderate the intensity relationship of social media usage and academic procrastination (4) self-regulated learning does not moderate the relationship of student activeness in extracurricular and academic procrastination (5) self-regulated learning moderates peer environment relations and academi procrastination (12,9%) (6) self-regulated learning negatively affect academic procrastination (36,3%). Students are advised to reduce the habit of delaying both academic and outside academic activities.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PRODUCTION BASED TRAINING (PBT) PADA PEMBELAJARAN PRAKARYA DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN
Authors: Mitasari Lilis , Rusdarti Rusdarti
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis keefektifan model pembelajaran PBT terhadap hasil belajar Prakarya dan Kewirausahaan di kelas XI IPS SMAN 1 Ungaran. Penelitian ini mengambil kelas XI IPS 2 berjumlah 34 peserta didikdengan perlakuan menggunakan model pembelajaran PBT serta dilakukan pre testdan post test untuk mengetahui keefektifan model PBT. Metode analisis menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji T.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat setelah adanya perlakuan model pembelajaran PBT yaitu sebesar 18,7%. Tingkat motivasi dan keaktifan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran PKWU juga mengalami peningkatan dengan rata-rata kriteria sangat tinggi sebesar 70,6% dan keaktifan sangat baik sebesar 55,9%. Dari hasil perhitungan uji T hasil belajar PKWU peserta didik dengan software SPSS diperoleh nilai Sig. (2-tailed) pada tabel independent samples test sebesar 0.000. Disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran PBT efektif terhadap hasil belajar PKWU di kelas XI IPS. Saran dalam penelitian ini, guru mata pelajaran PKWU dapat mempertimbangkan model pembelajaran PBT untuk meteri yang membutuhkan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan metode penugasan project, karena efektif terhadap keaktifan, motivasi, dan hasil belajar peserta didik.

 

The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the effectiveness of PBT model on the results of learning Workshop and Entrepreneurship in grade XI IPS SMAN 1 Ungaran. This research took a class of XI IPS 2, total of 34 studentsusing PBT model’s treatment and conducted pre-test and post-test. The method of data analysis used in this study were normality test, homogeneity test, and T test.The analysisthat the result’s average of the learners increased after the existence of PBT model’s treatment that is equal to 18,7%. The level of motivation and activeness of learners in learning PKWU also increased to a very high average criteria of 70.6% and excellent activeness of 55.9%. Based on the result of T test calculationfrom students’ outcomes in learning PKWUwith SPSS software obtained Sig value. (2-tailed) on the independent samples test table of 0.000. Concluded that PBT modelwas effective on the results of learning Workshop and Entrepreneurship in grade XI IPS. The suggestions were PKWU teachers may consider Production Based Training (PBT) model for the materials which require learning activities with a project task, as they were effective onactiveness, motivation, and students’outcomesin learning activity.
Razones a favor de una interpretación material del condicional
Authors: López-Astorga Miguel
Published: January 2019

Desde la antigüedad se ha discutido cuál es la forma más apropiada en la que debemos entender los enunciados condicionales. El debate, de hecho, llega hasta nuestros días y dos teorías cognitivas contemporáneas, la teoría de la lógica mental y la teoría de los modelos mentales, presentan visiones encontradas al respecto. Según la primera de ellas, el condicional, sin duda, no es material, pero, aunque no lo afirma explícitamente, la segunda parece atribuirle inicialmente características consistentes con tal interpretación. En este trabajo, se trata de profundizar en esta polémica y demostrar que los ejemplos de condicional ofrecidos por la teoría de la lógica mental con el propósito de evidenciar que una comprensión material de los mismos no es adecuada. No obstante, si son analizados detenidamente bajo el prisma de la teoría de los modelos mentales, se presenta una comprensión de las oraciones condicionales en tal dirección.
Preferencias de empleo de las estudiantes de doctorado en Ingeniería
Authors: Celis Giraldo Jorge Enrique , Héndez Puerto Norma Rocio
Published: January 2019

Este artículo analiza las preferencias de empleo de las mujeres estudiantes de doctorado en Ingeniería. Estas preferencias oscilan entre la academia y la industria y se las compara con las de los estudiantes hombres. Trabajos previos de investigación sobre mujeres con doctorado se han enfocado en el clima laboral, las experiencias de acoso sexual, el impacto de los factores familiares en la trayectoria laboral y los ingresos salariales. El análisis está basado en información obtenida de una encuesta virtual aplicada a estudiantes de doctorado en ingeniería provenientes de una universidad en Colombia. Los resultados muestran que las estudiantes mujeres tienen mayor interés por espacios laborales en los cuales puedan realizar investigación y tienen una alta valoración por atributos laborales como la posibilidad de colaborar con otras instituciones /organizaciones. Una de las principales conclusiones del estudio es que las mujeres presentaron mayor inclinación por los atributos laborales que caracterizan a la academia mientras que los hombres evidencian una mayor por los relacionados con la industria y se mostraron menos interesados en optar por una carrera académica.
Prenociones de la temporalidad en los niños
Authors: Sánchez López Jessica Valeria , Restrepo de Mejía Francia
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: El propósito de este artículo consistió en la elaboración de una hipótesis sobre el desarrollo de prenociones de la temporalidad en el niño, como procesos previos a la elaboración de la temporalidad que supone la incorporación de la duración y la sucesión. Metodología: revisión documental y lectura hermenéutica de los autores. Resultados: Las prenociones se relacionan con los ciclos del sueño y del hambre, inscritos en los ritmos circadianos, regidos por sistemas neurológicos que se acoplan hasta regularizar una rutina que permite la construcción de la noción de la temporalidad, mediante el ciclo relacional, construido en la corteza cerebral, con el aporte del sistema biológico, psíquico y social. Conclusiones: las prenociones de la temporalidad se ligan inicialmente a los procesos cíclicos controlados por sistemas neurológicos altamente diferenciados que se acoplan con los ciclos relacionales del afecto y del juego.
Obstáculos y fortalezas del régimen legal que protege los bienes de interés cultural del ámbito nacional
Authors: Riveros Rojas Anny Yahaira
Published: January 2019

Por medio de este escrito se pretende dar a conocer el régimen legal que cobija a los bienes de interés cultural del ámbito nacional, partiendo de un análisis minucioso y descriptivo que permita al lector conocer detalladamente sobre el marco legal, su aplicabilidad, las sanciones procedentes para el que infrinja dicho régimen, junto con los sujetos sobre los cuales puede recaer la infracción; cumpliendo así con los objetivos del presente artículo, los cuales versan en conocer su normatividad, analizar las fortalezas del régimen legal, diagnosticar los posibles obstáculos que se presentan en la vida práctica cuando se aplica el citado régimen y establecer propuestas de mejora al régimen legal para propender por los valores históricos de los bienes de interés cultural del ámbito nacional junto con su salvaguardia y protección. A su vez, se da respuesta al problema jurídico planteado el cual es determinar las fortalezas y obstáculos del régimen legal que protege a los bienes de interés cultural del ámbito nacional, explicando así la naturaleza y alcance de los procedimientos administrativos sancionatorios que los cobijan, los cuales se adelantan producto de las infracciones al citado régimen. La metodología utilizada fue la cualitativa, ya que la investigación del artículo se basó en un análisis subjetivo producto de la recolección de datos, vivencias prácticas y a casos que han sido tramitados por el Ministerio de Cultura¸ sobre los cuales se logró establecer un método descriptivo, logrando así evidenciar las fortalezas y obstáculos del régimen legal siendo posible plantear propuestas para que la ciudadanía tenga más sentido de pertenencia y ayude así a salvaguardar y proteger los bienes de interés cultural.
SOCIALINIŲ MOKSLŲ FORUMAS PAŠALIEČIO AKIMIS ARBA KO „TŪLAS TEISININKAS“ GALĖJO PASISEMTI IŠ „NETEISININKŲ“
Authors: Šileikis E.
Published: January 2019

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EUROPOS SĄJUNGOS IMPERIZACIJA IR MAŽOSIOS VALSTYBĖS
Authors: Brunalas Benas
Published: January 2019

In this article by applying the ideas of M. Foucault, E. Said, A. Negri, M. Hardt, L. Wittgenstein, Z. Norkus, N. Statkus, R. Lopata, N. Luhmann and others, the model of the EU imperialism is introduced. By using the theory of family resemblance by L. Wittgenstein and logic of its employment as shown by Z. Norkus in his work on Grand Duchy of Lithuanian as the empire, the conclusion arrives that the EU gravitates from the classical or neo-classical definition of the empire. However, inaccuracies, found by applying Z. Norkus’ methodology, are caused more by the form, and not by the content, thus the claim that EU holds the notion of the empire is valid. This allows entitling the EU as the post-modern empire. In this work the main focus is set on the ruling regime of the post-modern empire of EU and on the main centre, which subordinates the other centres – “the core”. It is the main centre of the empire of EU. The core is not visual (European Commission, Court of Justice of the European Union are just the parts of “the core”.) It is more of a governing strategy, the entirety of values, standards, texts and rules that are imposed onto other centres. Two time-periods are highlighted: the first one is the expansionist experience of the Europe in 16th–20th centuries, when the justification of the EU as a civilizing force emerges (legitimate expansionism of the governing of the EU); the second is the time-period from the end of 20th century, since when the sensation that only the law, standards and virtues of the EU outtops the preferences of the national state, arises. That last momentum determines the equality of all the member-states, even though the asymmetry of force is clearly visible. The capability to subordinate the national preferences for the values and strategies of “the core” determines the success or the failure of the national politics. On this account, the influence of the small states in the EU is immediately concerned with the level of its integration and the ability to assimilate the standards and virtues, as postulated by “the core”. The more the state integrates and the more of the sovereignty it renounces, the more leverage it acquires. Accordingly, the asymmetry of force between the large and small states decreases. As the conclusion that the renouncement of sovereignty ensures more of the force, arises, the Lithuanian claim for regional leadership is proposed through the better integration and renouncement (delegation) of sovereignty.
EKONOMINIŲ LAIMĖS RODIKLIŲ PAGRĮSTUMO IR PATIKIMUMO PROBLEMA
Authors: MACKONIS ADOLFAS
Published: January 2019

Happiness economics studies economic and social factors that determine or are re­lated to happiness. Happiness economics results are intended to inform economic and social policy. This article examines the feasibility and expediency of economic measures of happiness. It argues that economic measures of happiness are not valid in the sense that happiness is immeasurable phenomenon and that the measures are not reliable in the sense that the established level of happiness is not going to be correct. The invalidity is implied by the subjective theory of value and the unreliability, in turn, is implied by the invalidity. Happiness economics invokes assumptions that are false: happiness is not subject to be measured in a cardinal scales of measurement and to be intersubjectvely aggregated. Every individual scale of happiness can be only ordinal and these individual orders cannot be aggregated into intersubjective order due to the lack of intersubjective definition of happiness and due to the impossibility of aggregation of subjective preferences into an intersubjective rank. The validity of economic measures of happiness is further undermined by their unreliability: there is no common definition of happiness; different cultures do not have the same con­ cept of happiness as we want to measure it; different cultures are prone to different valuation of happiness; personal valuation of happiness is relative and prone to be context sensitive; people do not always adequately assess their perceptions; demons­trable preferences do not necessarily match the real preferences that are revealed during the choice of an actual action. Moreover, the intention to use happiness econo­mics results to inform economic and social policy meet a moral problem. Happiness economics, through policy decisions, can transfer to the public a particular definite understanding of happiness instead of allowing spreading different possible alternati­ve understandings of happiness.
ISLAMIŠKO REVAIVALIZMO KONCEPCIJOS PROBLEMATIKA IR REVAIVALISTŲ DERAMO VALSTYBĖS MODELIO SUVOKIMAS
Authors: IŠKAUSKAITĖ RAIMONDA
Published: January 2019

Islamic Revivalism is not a brand-new phenomenon, but, with increasing files of exponents, it promotes a variety of discussions on how and when it started, what is the mainstream ideology, what are the foremost goals of its activists, etc. Summing up all the analysis and propositions, it could be stated that the phenomenon of Islamic Revivalism (which started, the latest, with the Iranian revolution) designates all-out efforts aimed at the wholesale re-islamization of polities through direct political and/or military actions. As the definition suggests, the goal of revivalists (a proper Islamic state with three key elements: Islam, Sharia, Islamic ruling system) is the same but the approach to reaching it might not be indiscrete. Therefore, Sunni Islamic revivalists, who are the main object of the research, are divided into three groups: islamists (the most moderate Muslim revivalists with political goals), fundamentalists (who might radically impose religion on politics, though do not necessarily will claim to have a political project), and radical Muslims (who are committed to violence and seek for their goals on any terms).
KADA LIETUVOJE BUVO DAUGIAU DEMOKRATIJOS? PIRMOSIOS IR ANTROSIOS LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKŲ POLITINIŲ REŽIMŲ PALYGINIMAS
Authors: NORKUS ZENONAS
Published: January 2019

The article provides a diachronic quantitative comparison of the political regimes of the First (interwar, LR I) and Second (contemporary, LR II) Republics of Lithuania, which is supplemented by a synchronic comparison with neighbour countries. For this comparison, the data set and the Index of Democracy by the Finnish political scientist Tatu Vanhanen (known in the literature as the Vanhanen Index, VI) is used; its values are calculated by multiplying those of the indicators of public contestation and of the participation in elections. The Vanhanen data are corrected, extended, and some of his assumptions are criticised. Vanhanen’s index is not a valid tool for measuring liberal democracy. However, the application of Vanhanen’s index to the time of the 1926 coup helps to highlight in the decorative parliamentarism of the IV Seimas in 1936–1940 some non-fictive elements of the genuine electoral regime, which have survived because of the obstacles to the complete entrenchment of authoritarianism, set by the autonomy of the Klaipėda region under defense of international treaties.
PARLAMENTINĖ EUROPOS SĄJUNGOS REIKALŲ KONTROLĖ LIETUVOJE: KOALICIJOS PARTIJŲ PREFERENCIJŲ IŠSISKYRIMO VEIKSNYS
Authors: ZIMINA ŽANA
Published: January 2019

In the 1970s, the process of the European integration induced discussions about the deficit of democracy in the European Union (EU). The decreased power of national parliaments and the increased autonomy of the executive sphere are named as the aspects this problem. As this problem has been realised, the importance of the parliamentary scrutiny of the EU affairs increased significantly. The main question raised in this article is whether the level of preference divergence within the coalition determines the parliamentary scrutiny intensity of the EU affairs. The Lithuanian case is analysed. In the article, the levels of preference divergence of two political coalitions and the intensity of the parliamentary scrutiny of the EU affairs implemented in the period of their governance (06.07.2006–17.11.2008 and 18.11.2008–30.04.2012) are compared. The preferences of political parties are identified by using an expert survey. The intensity of parliamentary scrutiny is analysed with reference to the information provided in the protocols of the European Affairs Committee’s meetings.
AUTORITARINIS SANDĖRIS BALTARUSIJOJE: SOCIALINĖS PRIVILEGIJOS KAIP REŽIMO STABILUMO VEIKSNYS
Authors: PRANEVIČIŪTĖ-NELIUPŠIENĖ JOVITA , MAKSIMIUK ZHANNA
Published: January 2019

The article examines the possible reasons for regime stability in Belarus through the concepts of social contract and authoritarian bargain, arriving at the proposition that the extensive social welfare system in Belarus is the key to understanding the stability of the system over years. In academic literature, social and welfare policies are among the least researched factors of Belarus regime stability. The article summarizes theoretical findings on the use of social policies in authoritarian regimes and provides a detailed review of the structure and development of the social welfare system in Belarus. It is concluded that due to extensive social and welfare policies, the Belarusian regime manages to maintain social support at the level which is minimal but enough to keep stability in society and the political elite unchanged.
SEKSUALINIS NACIONALIZMAS: „AŠ MYLIU LIETUVĄ“
Authors: VASILIAUSKAITĖ NIDA
Published: January 2019

In 2011, the major Lithuanian commercial television channel LNK TV produced and broadcast a notorious reality show “I Love Lithuania”. Unlike similar local entertainment projects, this one was based on a particular political vision and had a strong political message behind. Moreover, it aimed at social engineering, providing some models of “being an exemplary Lithuanian”, “a good and normal citizen”, with the intent to change people’s mind inspiring them to feel national unity and pride and to “revolt” against the obscure Enemy. The article deals with the political message of the show, reconstructing it from different subtexts and surrounding circumstances, and puts it as a kind of aggressive militant ethnocentric nationalism potentially directed against the “West”, i. e. against Lithuania’s membership (“subjection to”) in the ES, going back to the pop-romanticism of the 19th century.The show, however, has one more, “unofficial”, but nonetheless developed topic – namely “love” in a plain sense of (heterosexual) “romance” and “making family”, articulated in sexist terms. According to my thesis, it is not a coincidence or just a “soft” subject added simply to amuse the public, but rather a necessary (but not sufficient) condition and logical supplement of the nationalist “love for one’s country”. The article analyses this kind of “love” as well, asking what are its functions in the show, what does it mean on the political level, and claiming that the nationalist “love” as the only way to relate oneself politically to the state in this “order of things” reveals the same sexist presuppositions: the two regimes are interdependent.
EUROPIETIŠKA TURKIJOS ATEITIS
Authors: DVORAK JAROSLAV
Published: January 2019

Review
The Exponentiated Kumaraswamy-G Class: General Properties and Application
Authors: Silva Ronaldo , Gomes-Silva Frank , Ramos Manoel , Cordeiro Gauss Moutinho , Marinho Pedro , Andrade Thiago
Published: January 2019

We propose a new family of distributions called the exponentiated Kumaraswamy-G class with three extra positive parameters, which generalizes the Cordeiro and de Castro's family. Some special distributions in the new class are discussed. We derive some mathematical properties of the proposed class including explicit expressions for the quantile function, ordinary and incomplete moments, generating function, mean deviations, reliability, Rényi entropy and Shannon entropy. The method of maximum likelihood is used to fit the distributions in the proposed class. Simulations are performed in order to assess the asymptotic behavior of the maximum likelihood estimates. We illustrate its potentiality with applications to two real data sets which show that the extended Weibull model in the new class provides a better fit than other generalized Weibull distributions.
‘Sociocultural Theory in Second Language Education: An Introduction through Narratives’ by Merrill Swain, Penny Kinnear and Linda Steinman
Authors: Pham Quang Nam
Published: January 2019

Sociocultural Theory in Second Language Acquisition: An Introduction through Narratives by Merrill Swain, Penny Kinnear and Linda Steinman
Ecological-Economic Modelleing to Maintain Maxiumum Allowable Discharge of Substanses into the Water Body
Authors: Severina Anna , Shishkin A. I.
Published: January 2019

Today administrative mechanisms of ecological management are primary in Russia. Their inefficiency is defined by absence of advancing influence and the due control. These mechanisms, as a rule, start to operate when negative influence is already made and harm to the environment is done. The work urgency is caused by the sharpness of the water legislation and regulation problems in Russia, as this sphere is the crossroads of all industrial, agricultural interests and also providing good life conditions for the population. The urgency of ecological-economic modelling is caused by rapid development of ecological management systems in the last years. That is stimulated by the aspiration of market participants to raise management efficiency of the enterprises, to lower power and resources consumption, to raise the quality of goods and services, to create more comfortable working conditions, to provide safety of the personnel and, as a result, to improve the reputation and to raise theircompetitive advantages.

The purpose of the work is to draw up and to deicide a problem of ecological-economic optimization within the limits of linear programming for a “water user – water body” system. Such a linear programming problem is similar to the model of investment projects choice. The problem’s solution is based on searching the best, from the economic point of view, sewage treat system to maintain maximum allowable discharge of substances into the water body.
Action Research in Waste Management: Application to Construction and Demolition Waste in the Stockholm Region
Authors: Aid Graham , Brandt Nils
Published: January 2019

The action research methodology and several of its methods have previously been highlighted and described by the authors as a fitting and rigorous framework approach for complex waste management systems. This was in response to criticism of the ex ante selection of traditional empiric systems analysis tools to provide decision support and ‘sustainable improvement’ in such complex systems which often involve strong human and political factors. Several of the action research methods described have recently been utilized in a case study around mineral (aggregate) construction and demolition waste in the Stockholm region. These methods were integrated through a series of workshops and work areas undergone together with project members from several private and public sectors. Leaving the problem fuzzy (loosely defined) in the beginning; utilizing convergent interviewing, rich pictures and focus groups allowed the researchers and partner stakeholders to identify not one but several problem areas within the system of focus. Indicator creation and a dialectic processes were then used to identify qualitative and quantitative aspects of salience around these problem areas. These resulting indicators were strengthened through a process of verification. Each indicator was then analyzed by what was deemed to be appropriate and transparent means. It is argued that this approach may create better communication, transparency, and understanding by the stakeholders. These factors in turn allowing stronger stakeholder ownership of the process and assisting in more informed decisions and help to provide stability for desired change. However the process was not without its drawbacks such as intense communication and time requirements.
Excess Deaths Attributable to Influenza-Like Illness in the ESRD Population
Authors: Gilbertson David T. , Rothman Kenneth J. , Chertow Glenn M. , Bradbury Brian D. , Brookhart M. Alan , Liu Jiannong , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Stürmer Til , Monda Keri L. , Herzog Charles A. , Ashfaq Akhtar , Collins Allan J. , Wetmore James B.
Published: January 2019

Significance Statement

The seasonality of influenza activity contributes to seasonal patterns in morbidity and mortality, particularly among vulnerable populations such as patients with ESRD. However, the relationship between seasonal fluctuations of influenza-like illness (ILI), which encompasses a wide range of respiratory infections, and seasonal patterns of mortality in patients with ESRD has not been explicitly examined. Using data from a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ILI surveillance network and the Medicare ESRD database, the authors found that community ILI activity is associated with seasonal variation in mortality among patients with ESRD, and likely contributes to >1000 deaths per year. Greater emphasis on surveillance efforts, such as timely reporting to the CDC of ILI activity within dialysis units, and study of treatment and containment strategies during high-risk periods, may be warranted.

Background

Morbidity and mortality vary seasonally. Timing and severity of influenza seasons contribute to those patterns, especially among vulnerable populations such as patients with ESRD. However, the extent to which influenza-like illness (ILI), a syndrome comprising a range of potentially serious respiratory tract infections, contributes to mortality in patients with ESRD has not been quantified.

Methods

We used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ESRD death data from 2000 to 2013. After addressing the increasing trend in deaths due to the growing prevalent ESRD population, we calculated quarterly relative mortality compared with average third-quarter (summer) death counts. We used linear regression models to assess the relationship between ILI data and mortality, separately for quarters 4 and 1 for each influenza season, and model parameter estimates to predict seasonal mortality counts and calculate excess ILI-associated deaths.

Results

An estimated 1% absolute increase in quarterly ILI was associated with a 1.5% increase in relative mortality for quarter 4 and a 2.0% increase for quarter 1. The average number of annual deaths potentially attributable to ILI was substantial, about 1100 deaths per year.

Conclusions

We found an association between community ILI activity and seasonal variation in all-cause mortality in patients with ESRD, with ILI likely contributing to >1000 deaths annually. Surveillance efforts, such as timely reporting to the CDC of ILI activity within dialysis units during influenza season, may help focus attention on high-risk periods for this vulnerable population.
Financiamento de campanha e jurisdição constitucional na ótica do STF: para uma análise crítica da relação direito e moral à luz do debate Hart-Dworkin
Authors: Taroco Lara Santos Zangerolame , Coura Alexandre De Castro , Destefani Bruna Pinheiro
Published: January 2019

As questões relativas a relação entre o direito e a moral inspiram diversos debates teóricos, os quais influenciam sobremaneira os paradigmas dominantes na teoria do direito. Dentre esses diálogos, merece especial destaque o promovido entre Hart e Dworkin, justamente porque evidencia a concepção do positivismo jurídico de Hart e, consequentemente a oposição feita por Dworkin, principalmente no que diz respeito à discricionariedade. Trata-se, portanto, de tema de primeira ordem, uma vez que são dois autores que em muito influenciam o pensamento jurídico contemporâneo e refletem a disputa de paradigmas do positivismo jurídico e do pós-positivismo com vistas a orientar a teoria do direito. A atualidade deste debate e sua consequente pertinência teórica e prática podem ser verificadas pelo julgamento da ADI 4650/DF, na qual o Supremo Tribunal Federal declarou inconstitucional o financiamento de campanhas eleitorais por empresas, sendo que os princípios foram diversas vezes mencionados como fundamento relevante estreitando as aproximações entre direito e moral. Por tais razões, o intuito do presente estudo é analisar os argumentos levantados quando do julgamento da ADI 4650/DF, que tratou de declarar a inconstitucionalidade do financiamento de campanha por pessoas jurídicas, a fim revisitar o debate Hart-Dworkin, especialmente no que diz respeito as relações entre direito e moral para perquirir quais as contribuições ofertadas por estes dois autores.
Funcionamiento familiar y resiliencia en pacientes con enfermedades no transmisibles de un hospital público de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Céspedes Felix Moises , Nina Cayte Jesly , Vilca Quiro Wildman
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: estudiar la relación entre las variables funcionamiento familiar y resiliencia en pacientes con enfermedades no transmisibles de un hospital público de Lima. Material y métodos: de la investigación fue de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y de alcance correlacional. El modelodel funcionamiento familiar sobre el cual se trabajó fue el modelo Circumplejo de sistema familiar realizado por Olson, Russell y Sprenkle (1979). La escala utilizada para la medición del funcionamiento familiar fue la Escala de Evaluación de Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar (FACES III) y para medir la resiliencia se utilizó la Escala de Resiliencia elaborado por Wagnild y Young (1993) que consta de cinco dimensiones. La muestra estuvo conformada por 109 pacientes. Resultados: Se encontró que el funcionamiento familiar no se relaciona con la resiliencia (x2=5,972; p>.05). Conclusiones: que cualquiera sea el nivel de funcionamiento familiar, es posible que el paciente sea resiliente; ya queexisten factores individuales que intervienen en el desarrollo de la resiliencia.
Empatía y Creencias Irracionales en Internos por delito contra la libertad sexual de un instituto penitenciario de Lima Este
Authors: Casariego More Lisseth , Jara Cueto Rudy
Published: January 2019

Objetivo analizar la relación entre las variables empatía y creencias irracionales, Materiales y métodos: es de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y alcance correlacional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 127 internos en un instituto penitenciario de Lima Este, mayores de 18 años, recluidos por delito contra la libertad sexual, Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de datosfueron la Escala de Reactividad Interpersonal (Davis, 1980) y el Registro de Opiniones (Davis, McKay y Eshelman, 1987). Resultados evidenciaron que sí existe relación significativa inversa entre empatía y las creencias irracionales de competencia absoluta y continuidad de efectos (p<0.05). Sin embargo,no se encontró relación significativa entre empatía y las creencias irracionales de afecto y aprobación, relatividad de los actos, expectativas sociales y control externo (p>0.05). Conclusiones: la empatía está vinculada de manera inversa a la autosuficiencia generada por la creencia de ser absolutamentecompetente y el inadecuado afrontamiento de experiencias del pasado.
Comparative analysis of the features of the solution to the problem of choosing a hole corresponding to the size of the body in Tiliqua gigas skinks and rats Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Sokolov A.Y.
Published: January 2019

The article presents a comparative psychological analysis of the peculiarities of solving the problem of choosing a hole corresponding to the size of the body in blue-tongued skinks and gray rats. In the course of the study, in the framework of which the animals had to solve the problem of obtaining bait, through the holes corresponding to the size of the body. In the course of the experiment, the limits of the bodies of animals changed: natural or enlarged. It was found that both types of animals are able to solve the problem. During experimental series, the skinks learned to choose a large hole that is permeable to the enlarged limits of their bodies. Rats are able to learn the empirical regularity of the ratio of the limits of their own bodies and the limits of environmental objects, which allows them to flexibly modify their behavior in accordance with new situations, both in the case of changes in the characteristics of their bodies and in the changes in the characteristics of external objects. Based on these data, we conclude that the cognitive abilities of skinks and rats vary considerably: unlike skinks, rats are able to learn how to fit their body size and hole size, and then without additional training, use this skill flexibly in new situations.
Impulse оscillometry in the diagnosis of moderate airway obstruction
Authors: Savushkina O. I. , Chernyak A. V. , Kryukov E. V. , Zaytsev A. A. , Naumenko Zh. K. , Tatarsky A. R.
Published: January 2019

Background: Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a non-invasive method for determining respiratory impedance and its parameters. IOS has certain advantages over traditional spirometry.
Aim: To assess the potential of IOS in the diagnosis of moderately severe airway obstruction.
Methods: We examined 53 patients divided in two groups. The first group consisted of 29 patients (26 males and 3 females aged 42 to 89 years) with moderately severe obstructive abnormalities; the second group included 24 patients (17 males and 7 females aged from 18 to 68 years) without ventilatory defects.
Results: Obstructive abnormalities were detected by IOS in 93% of patients in group 1, and the severity of obstruction was more pronounced compared to the results of spirometry in 37% of patients. In group 2, the IOS parameters were normal. There were significant differences in the lung function and IOS parameters between the first and second groups. There were significant correlations between airway resistance and IOS parameters in patients with moderately severe obstructive abnormalities.
Conclusion: Thus impulse oscillometry can be used in the clinical practice to diagnose disorders of respiratory mechanics in patients with moderately severe airway obstruction.
Comparative study of the effects of mesenchymal stem cells with different delivery methods in an experimental model of lung fibrosis
Authors: Averyanov A. V. , Konoplyannikov A. G. , Zabozlaev F. G. , Sotnikova A. G. , Danilevskaya O. V. , Konoplyannikov M. A. , Tatarsky A. R.
Published: January 2019

Background: Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is one of the most promising directions in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In experimental small animal studies, intravenous and endobronchial (installation) techniques are used for the cell preparation delivery, while in humans inhalation of drugs is the simplest and most available method.
Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the optimal type of a nebulizer for viability of MSCs during nebulization, followed by a comparison of the effects of inhalation and intravenous delivery methods in a standard model of bleomycin pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits.
Methods: At the first stage, the survival of MSCs was assessed ex vivo after 10 minutes of compressor, ultrasound and mesh nebulization. Subsequently we used a nebulizer, which showed the best result in the cells, viability. At the next stage аfter bronchoscopic installation of bleomycin, 5 rabbits received intravenous transplantation of 2×106 allogeneic BMMSCs, other 5 rabbits — 2×107 MSCs inhaled via a compressor nebulizer; the control healthy and bleomycin groups included 5 animals each.
Results: The highest degree of viability of MSC was maintained after passing via the compressor nebulizer (72%), a significantly lower survival rate was observed in ultrasonic nebulization (20%) and no live cells were detected after mesh nebulization. Both groups treated with MSC had a significantly lower fibrosis index on the Ashcroft morphometric scale than the control group of bleomycin fibrosis. Collagen expression in the lung tissue was significantly higher in all the groups with bleomycin injury, but in animals which underwent MSC inhalation, it was significantly different (0.51 point) from the bleomycin group without treatment (2.1 points). The level of neutrophils in the BAL fluid was significantly lower in animals which received the intravenous MSC therapy. The levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the BAL fluids tended to decrease in the treatment groups, but did not differ significantly from control.
Conclusions: The highest survival rate of MSCs is observed when using a compressor nebulizer, which apparently should be considered as the best way for delivering cells to the respiratory tract. Both inhalation and intravenous administration of MSCs cause similar effects of inhibiting the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which indicates the possibility of using both ways of cell delivery without loss of effectiveness.
Microbiological features of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during remission
Authors: Smirnova-Saprytskaya M. Yu. , Osipova G. L. , Ospelnikova T. P. , Danilina G. A. , Zykov K. A.
Published: January 2019

Background: Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are currently the fifth leading cause of death in the world. The combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease seems to be a unique disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, pathological and functional factors.
Aim: Study of clinical and functional parameters, bacterial spectrum in patients with combination of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases bronchitis and non-bronchitis types.
Methods: Clinical and functional examination of 69 patients with obstructive respiratory diseases, of which 49 patients with asthma combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of bronchitis and non-bronchitis types. The microbiological spectrum of nasal pharynx induced by sputum was studied.
Results: The following microorganisms were isolated: Staphylococcus (S. aureus, S. epidermidis), Neisseria subflava, Streptococcus (α-haemolyticus, β-haemolyticus), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Branhamella catarrhalis, Enterococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp., Actinomyces spp., Cladosporium, Penicillium, and others.
Conclusion: A more pronounced quantitative content and a more diverse microbial landscape leads to a more severe course of the disease asthma combined withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease especially of the bronchitis type.
Congenital lobar emphysema in 16-year-old girl: clinical observation
Authors: Samsonova M. V. , Mikhaylichenko K. Yu. , Chernyayev A. L. , Chernyak A. V. , Tyurin I. Ye. , Stepanyan I. E.
Published: January 2019

Congenital lobar emphysema is a rare variant of lung malformation, which is characterized by hyperinflation of one or more lobes, usually diagnosed in early childhood. In this article, we demonstrate a clinical case of asymptomatic middle lobe emphysema diagnosed in a 16-year-old girl.
ICF and the quality of medical care
Authors: Kochoubey A. V. , Kochubey V. V. , Lastovetsky A. G.
Published: January 2019

Based on the content analysis of classical works on the quality of medical care, ICF, organization management, the synthesis was performed for of the efficiency criteria at the physician level, the prospects for using classification to improve the quality of medical care and the principles of using ICF to assess the quality of medical care.
A retrospective study on prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from a teaching hospital of west Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Datta Debranjan , Giri Vishal Prakash
Published: January 2019

Background: Hyperuricemia have been associated with an increased risk for not only type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension but also for metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, gout and many cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with hypertension and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from a teaching hospitals of West Uttar Pradesh.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the department of pharmacology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research centre, Moradabad, West Uttar Pradesh over a period of six months.Results: A total of 524 case records with high blood pressure and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined during the study period. The mean age of subjects reported was 45 years. A 35.3 % (185/524) were found to have elevated serum uric acid level. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was found increased with an increased duration of disease among hypertensive, diabetic patients.Conclusions: A high prevalence of hyperuricemia was observed among patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and among the patients with both co-morbidities in our studies.
Disability due to leprosy: a socio-demographic study in Leprosy Hospital, Chamba, Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Dixit Pragya , Dhiman Arvind Kumar
Published: January 2019

Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by M. leprae bacilli and one of the important cause of preventable disability.Methods: This study was a cross sectional one, conducted at Leprosy Hospital, Sarol, Chamba, Himachal Pradesh over a period of two months, May and June 2018. The study used convenient sampling and all 20 disabled patients who were receiving treatment at Leprosy Hospital were included in the study. Socio demographic data which included age, marital status, occupation, type and duration of disability was collected and analyzed. To screen for activity limitation and safety awareness SALSA scale was used. A score of 25 or more points is indicative of activity limitation and disability.Results: In total 20 patients were evaluated, out of which 12 were male and 8 female and the mean age of patients was 51years. Around 90% of female patients were illiterate and financially dependent while on the contrary 90% male patients were literate and financially independent. All the patients presented with some or severe disability according to Salsa scale. There was significant association of age, education, marital status and employment status with disability.Conclusions: Inspite of elimination of leprosy in India, cases of disability and deformity have not declined as expected. Awareness about warning signs among patients and timely diagnosis by health professionals can curb cases of disability among leprosy patients.
Exposure to early childhood development interventions and its association with responsive feeding and nutritional status of 6 to 35 months old children
Authors: Jarole Swati , Gupta Subodh S. , Mehendale Ashok M. , Raut Abhishek
Published: January 2019

Background: The objective of the study was to study the association between exposure to early childhood development (ECD) interventions and responsive feeding and nutritional status among 6-35 months’ children.Methods: The present analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with 360 children from a primary health centre (PHC) area under the ECD project and 360 children from comparison PHC area. The anthropometric measurement and responsive feeding was assessed and compared among 6-35 months’ children.Results: There was significant difference in mean scores of ECD activity (p=0.001) and responsive feeding (p<0.001) in ECD area as to comparison area. In the ECD program area, the proportion of children who were malnourished (33.3%) were less as compared to control area (53.9%).Conclusions: The present study shows ECD interventions at community level delivered through frontline workers resulted in improved responsive feeding practices better nutritional outcomes for children.