bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN MATA AIR DUKUH BLAHKIUH UNTUK SISTEM PELAYANAN AIR TERINTEGRASI
Authors: Mahesa Adi Wardana I Gusti Ngurah Kade , Wiwin Andayani Ketut , Anom Purwa Winaya I Nyoman
Published: June 2024

Spring water is one of the natural resources that are beneficial to human life such as fulfilling the needs of clean water, irrigation, and others. Non-integrated spring management has the potential to create conflicts among water users, as is the case at Dukuh Blahkiuh Spring. The unbalanced fulfilment of water needs is felt by Subak Uma Poh farmers and other water users. Related to this, it is necessary to analyse the current availability of water and compare it with the needs and potential that can be developed. The utilisation of springs can be properly integrated if the water balance conditions are known in order to achieve fairness and appropriate proportions and avoid conflicts. The method in this research is quantitative analysis with variables of spring discharge, clean water needs, irrigation, and integrated water utilisation systems. This research shows that the potential water availability at Dukuh Blahkiuh Spring currently has an average discharge of 54.53 litres/second with a reliability level of 80%. The water balance condition that occurs is at the water surplus level with a percentage of 38.81%, which means that spring utilisation still has the potential to be developed. The integrated water service system is designed by prioritising the proportion of water use at 47.93% for clean water, 13.26% for irrigation and followed by other uses at 38.81%. Water balance analysis can illustrate the availability, demand and development potential of Dukuh Blahkiuh Spring, so that the integration of management systems can be done to increase its utilisation.Keywords: springs, water balance, water alocation
IMPLEMENTASI METODE SARIMAX UNTUK PREDIKSI CURAH HUJAN JANGKA PENDEK DI PAGERAGEUNG, TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Maulana Ari Azhar , Rosalina Harnita
Published: June 2024

Rainfall plays a crucial role in shaping the weather in Indonesia, influenced by factors such as latitude, elevation, wind patterns, land and water distribution, as well as topography. Rising temperatures contribute to the increased intensity of extreme rainfall, amplifying the potential risk of disasters. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct analyses to predict weather based on historical time series data. This study aims to identify short-term rainfall patterns and trends using the SARIMAX method. The initial stage involves data processing and splitting the data into training data (2005-2014) and test data (2015-2019). Time series decomposition is then performed to identify patterns, followed by period identification and stationarity testing using the ADF test. The SARIMAX model is selected based on the lowest AIC value, followed by parameter estimation and diagnostic tests. Rainfall predictions are evaluated using model performance evaluation methods, while inferential statistics are used to describe population attributes through confidence intervals. The forecasting results show that using the SARIMAX (0, 0, 1)(0, 1, 1, 12)12 model for short-term rainfall prediction achieved the best performance with the smallest MSE, MAE, and MAPE values on the test sample with a 95% confidence level. Repeating rainfall patterns with a mid-year decline and significant variation in magnitude were identified from the sample data for August 2020-2027, with the lowest rainfall at 39.05 mm and the highest at 397.03 mm in December. The implications of this study support efforts to mitigate natural disasters due to unexpected weather changes by integrating this model into early warning systems and water resource planning.Keywords : hydrology, precipitation, time series, short-term, SARIMAX
ANALISIS LUAS POTENSI LAHAN IRIGASI BERDASARKAN NERACA AIR EMBUNG KEMBANGAN
Authors: Muhardiono Iman , Arthamefia Diva
Published: June 2024

Pule District, Trenggalek Regency, East Java Province has only 42% of rice fields with irrigated status, and 58% of non-irrigated land. With the presence of a reservoir. the area of non-irrigated rice fields can be served and the planting indeks of rice fields can be increased. To be able to meet the target area of irrigated land diverted by reservoir, a hydrological and water balance approach is needed. The aim of this study is to analyze the water balance of reservoir to obtain the volume of water and the area of rice fields that can be irrigated each month. By using F.J.Mock to analyse water balance and calculate mainstay discharge. Evapotranspiration is calculated by Penman Modified method. The highest mainstay discharge Q80 is occurred about 3.25 m3/s in January, meanwhile the lowest is 0.22 m3/s in October. Reservoir capacity is determined from maximum volume based on height of reservoir. The height is 13.20 m which referenced to elevation 552.20 m.s.l. Maximum volume of reservoir is 56,437 m3. Analysis results show the highest inflow discharge is occurred in January about 7.46 million m3/month, the lowest in August about 0.45 million m3/month. Those condition of discharge if utilized for irrigation 11 Ha around 44,533 m3/month and raw water 2,560 people around 11,904 m3/month, so the reservoir is still in a fulfilled condition. The lowest inflow discharge can be referenced to determine maximum potential irrigation covered area into 112 Ha in dry season. Keywords: reservoir, irrigation, water balance, water harvesting, land large
МОДЕЛЬ ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ ПРАВОЗНАВСТВА В УМОВАХ ЗМІШАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: КЕМЕНЯШ Віталій Іванович
Published: June 2024

Стаття здійснює глибокий аналіз та порівняльне дослідження моделей змішаного навчання у сфері юридичної освіти, акцентуючи увагу на Україні та міжнародному досвіді. Основна увага приділена викликам, можливостям та перспективам, які ці моделі навчання пропонують для підготовки майбутніх юристів, що є критично важливим для сучасного юридичного освітнього простору. Особливий акцент робиться на вивченні ефективності змішаного навчання, його адаптації до кризових ситуацій, а також на здатності задовольняти потреби студентів за допомогою гнучкого, інтерактивного та технологічно насиченого освітнього середовища. В статті наголошується на важливості інтеграції новітніх технологій, підтримки самостійного навчання, забезпечення інтерактивності, гнучкості та адаптивності освітніх моделей. Велике значення приділяється перевагам застосування інтерактивних онлайн-платформ, впровадження елементів гейміфікації та використання міждисциплінарного підходу в навчальному процесі, що сприяє не тільки зацікавленості та залученості студентів, але й глибшому розумінню юридичних дисциплін. На основі аналізу існуючих даних пропонується розробка універсальної моделі змішаного навчання, яка б інтегрувала найкращі практики та рішення з метою покращення якості юридичної освіти в Україні. Окреслюються ключові аспекти для успішної імплементації цієї моделі, включаючи розвиток цифрової компетентності, встановлення етичних стандартів використання технологій, а також наголошується на необхідності постійного оновлення освітніх програм та курсів з урахуванням найновіших правових та технологічних тенденцій. Змішане навчання виступає як потужний інструмент, що відкриває нові можливості для підготовки юридичних кадрів, адаптованих до вимог сучасного динамічного світу. Ефективне використання цього інструментарію передбачає не тільки технічну оснащеність та доступність освітніх ресурсів, але й забезпечення високого рівня професійної підготовки викладачів, які мають стати не тільки передавачами знань, але й наставниками, здатними навчати студентів критично мислити та самостійно здобувати нові знання. Успішне впровадження та реалізація змішаного навчання можуть кардинально підвищити якість юридичної освіти в Україні, підготувавши висококваліфікованих фахівців, готових ефективно діяти в складних умовах сучасного правового середовища.
IPDToolkit: An R package for simulation and Bayesian analysis of iterated prisoner’s dilemma game-play under third-party arbitration
Authors: Ross Cody , Fikes Thomas , Lenfesty Hillary , McElreath Richard
Published: June 2024

Recently, researchers have begun studying the role that third-party arbitration may play in the evolution of cooperation. Using the iterated prisoner’s dilemma (IPD), they show that arbitration can mitigate the negative effects of perception errors on the stability of cooperative strategies. Open questions, both theoretical and empirical, however, remain. To promote research on the role of third-party arbitration, we introduce an R package, IPDToolkit, which facilitates both simulation of synthetic data and Bayesian analysis of empirical data. To address theoretical questions, IPDToolkit provides a Monte Carlo simulation engine that can be used to generate play between arbitrary strategies in the IPD with arbitration and assess expected pay-offs. To address empirical questions, IPDToolkit provides customizable, Bayesian finite-mixture models that can be used to identify the strategies responsible for generating empirical gameplay data. We present a complete workflow using IPDToolkit to teach end-users its functionality.
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pendirian Bangunan Dikawasan Daerah Aliran Sungai (Das) (Studi Di Kecamatan Dolopo Kabupaten Madiun Jawa Timur)
Authors: Kuswanto Heru , Nugroho Sigit Sapto , Sarbini
Published: June 2024

Abstract— The purpose of this study was to determine law enforcement against the construction of buildings in the Watershed area of Dolopo District, Madiun Regency and find out the settlement of the construction of buildings that violate the watershed area. The type of research used is empirical research with a qualitative approach based on primary data, namely observation, interviews and document studies. Secondary data are social facts referenced from books, research results and scientific journals. And analyzed using descriptive research methods, that researchers in analyzing wish to provide an overview or description or subject and research object as the results of the research he did. Based on the results of the research, it shows that law enforcement against the construction of buildings in the watershed area, it is better for the community to obtain permits (IMB) to construct buildings in the river basin and the government is expected to be more intensive in conducting outreach and site surveys in the watershed area to the fullest so that the community is aware and no longer constructing buildings in the watershed area.
Constructing the Concept of Commissioner Judge in Enforcing the Exclusionary Rules Principle in Indonesia
Authors: Febryan Alam Susatyo  , Muksin Muchlas Rastra Samara
Published: June 2024

Pretrial aims to protect human rights from misuse of authority by law enforcement officials. The concept of commissioner judges, which aims to be a substitute for the current pretrial procedure. It is expected to achieve the objectives of criminal procedural law that respects human rights by upholding the exclusionary rules principle. This study aims to understand the role of the commissioner judge in upholding the principle of exclusionary rules to achieve a criminal legal process that respects human rights. Further, a normative approach used statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches. The author tries to discover the concept of a commissioner judge upholding the exclusionary rules principle to assess the validity of evidence obtained by law enforcement officials. It is hoped that the objectives of criminal procedure law that protect and guarantee the interests of human rights can be achieved by the concept of commissioner judge.
Sintering Behavior and Thermal Properties of Cu-Graphite Materials by a Spark Plasma Sintering Method
Authors: Yang Min-hyeok , Park Bum-soon , Moon Hyoung-seok , Park Jae-cheol , Park Hyun-kuk
Published: June 2024

The use of heat dissipation materials in various field such as power semiconductor device, LED and microelectronic system. Therefore, there is a need for heat dissipation materials using copper (Cu) and graphite (Gr). These materials have high thermal conductivity. In particular, graphite has high thermal stability with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. This study was conducted to enhance the thermal properties of Cu for use in heat dissipation materials, using a spark plasma sintering method. Cu-Gr powders were mixed by a shaking mixer and fabricated with volume fractions of 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6 and 3:7. The spark plasma sintering method is a uniaxial pressurization process, which can control the direction of Gr. The Cu-Gr powders were sintered at a temperature of 850 oC at a heating rate of 30 oC/min and a sintering pressure of 40MPa. Consequently, as the Gr contents were increased, the relative densities of the Cu-Gr composites decreased from 99.25 to 94.85%. Gr has high resistance to high-temperature deformation, which contributed to a decrease in shrinkage and relative density. The highest thermal conductivity was measured at 539.7 W/ m·K for a Cu-Gr volume ratio of 5:5. The thermal conductivity of the directionally controlled Gr was measured to be about 20-30 W/m·K higher than the uncontrolled sample. Furthermore, the TDP (Thermal distortion parameter), for which a lower value indicates better thermal stability, was systematically investigated.
Polymer-Chain Aggregation-induced Electrical Gating at the H- and J-aggregate P3HT
Authors: Park Byoungnam
Published: June 2024

This research explores how aggregation influences the electrical behavior at both the planar - heterojunction poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/SiO2 and P3HT/ZnO nanocrystal (NC) interfaces. The formation of H- and J-type aggregates leads to distinct molecular ordering and packing structures, manifesting as changes in threshold voltage shifts (electrical gating) as well as absorption and luminescence properties. Ultrasound irradiation (sonication) significantly alters the molecular arrangement in P3HT, favoring the formation of H-aggregates over the typically formed J-aggregates. In pristine P3HT, J-aggregates facilitate efficient exciton movement and electrical generation, resulting in higher photocurrents compared to sonicated-P3HT, which predominantly forms H-aggregates. Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on sonicated P3HT exhibit a more positive threshold voltage and increased mobility, indicating the presence of more mobile charge carriers, even in the absence of an applied voltage. In interfaces with ZnO NC, pristine P3HT demonstrates a considerable shift in threshold voltage under illumination, attributed to electron trapping. Conversely, sonicated P3HT interfaced with ZnO NC shows less electron trapping and minimal change in threshold voltage. This study underscores how the type of aggregate (H or J) in P3HT significantly dictates light-induced electrical gating. Ultrasound irradiation (sonication), while enhancing mobility by improving crystallinity, leads to a decrease in photocurrent efficiency in H-aggregates compared to the J-aggregates present in pristine-P3HT.
Characterization of Transparent Electrodes with Ag Metal-mesh using MATLAB
Authors: Jo Seung-Taek , Shin Jin Wook , Commerell Walter , Yoo Dae-Hwang , Yoo Hyesun , Hwang Jinyoung , Kim Hyun-Sik , Kim Sang-il , Roh Jong Wook
Published: June 2024

It is well-known that optical transparence and electric resistance have a trade-off relationship in transparent electrodes. For this reason, developing methods to predict this relation have been important in various fields of academic research as well as for industrial applications. Herein, we suggest a simple method which reveals the relationship between optical transparence and electric resistance using MATLAB, based on the geometric characteristics of a random metal network. Ag metal-mesh transparent electrodes were fabricated with various conditions using colloidal silica cracked-templates and a Radio Frequency (RF) sputtering system. MATLAB software was used to analyze structural images of the Ag mesh network, automatically quantifying the density and width of the Ag meshes. From these data, the transparency and sheet resistance values of the Ag mesh electrodes were predicted and compared with measured values. Regarding transparency, the introduction of fitting parameters revealed minimal differences between the experimental and predicted values obtained from the structure images. Although the predicted sheet resistance was slightly different than the real measured values due to atomic defects or imperfections in the crystals of the Ag-mesh network, it was possible to observe a similar trend between the measured and predicted sheet resistances with changes in the fractional coverage area of the Ag-mesh network.
Impacts of pelagic longline fisheries on sea turtles in the Santos Basin, Brazil
Authors: Vanucci Rodrigo Malta , Goldberg Daphne Wrobel , Maranho Andrea , Giffoni Bruno de Barros , Boaventura Isabella Cristina da Rocha , Dias Renata Balsamo , Leonardi Simone Baratto , Neto Hugo Gallo , Silva Berenice Maria Gomes , Rogerio Daniel Wagner , Domit Camila , Barreto Andre Silva , Castilho Pedro Volkmer , Koleniskovas Cristiane , Chupil Henrique , Becker José Henrique
Published: June 2024

Strand monitoring is valuable for identifying human-caused threats to sea turtles but has limitations in fully understanding their overall impact. To address this gap, we conducted a survey to examine sea turtle interactions with longline fisheries, focusing on the types of hooks used for different target fish species. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of sea turtles entangled with hooks in these fisheries and to investigate seasonal and spatial variations in strandings. From August 2015 to December 2020, regular surveys were carried out along 2,013 km, on the South and Southeast coasts of Brazil to monitor sea turtle strandings. Data were collected on the presence and types of hooks, as well as the developmental stages of the affected turtles. The study analyzed spatial and seasonal variations and conducted necropsies to determine causes of death and assess internal damage from fishing gear. A total of 4,631 stranded sea turtles were documented: Caretta caretta, n=3,678, w/hooks=96; Lepidochelys olivacea, n=753, w/hooks=20, and Dermochelys coriacea, n=200, w/hooks= 01. Four types of hooks were identified, with a predominance of “J” hooks typically used in the region to capture dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus (72/122 hooks). The most affected developmental stages were large juveniles of C. caretta and L. olivacea. The distribution of hooks differed among the states; “J” hooks targeting C. hippurus on the continental shelf were predominantly found in São Paulo state. In contrast, circular hooks for swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and tuna hooks for tuna (Thunnus spp.), used in offshore fisheries, were more common in southern states. The abundance of “J”, hooks increased during the spring months, aligning with the C. hippurus fishing season. “J” hooks were primarily found in the esophagus of stranded turtles (88/122), indicating that their size and shape facilitate ingestion. Necropsies revealed that 43.1% of deaths (50/116) were due to intestinal lesions caused by hooks, fishing lines, and/or cables. Despite the small relative frequency of individuals found with hooks (117/4631), pelagic longline fisheries, especially those targeting C. hippurus, are a serious threat to sea turtle populations and, therefore, require specific monitoring and mitigating measures. Furthermore, the number of affected individuals may be underestimated since stranding does not represent total mortality at sea.
Reproductive toxicology of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals in women: a cohort study protocol
Authors: Zhang Shuyi , Gao Fumei , Fu Min , Zhang Qiuxiang , Guan Jing , Shen Huan
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Epidemiological evidence over the last few decades has consistently shown that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is associated with adverse reproductive health outcomes, including male and female infertility, poor-pregnancy outcomes, and increased risk of diseases in childhood and beyond. To investigate the effects of EDCs and lifestyle on all aspects of reproduction (including early oocyte development, fertilization, embryo development, embryo implantation, abortion, and preterm birth).

Methods: We performed this cohort study on patients receiving in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Biological samples including urine, serum, follicular fluid, semen, fetal tissue, decidua, and placenta, were obtained.

Results: By studying the correlations between reproductive outcomes and environmental pollutant exposure and lifestyle, we determined the toxicological mechanisms and health effects of EDCs on female reproductive health. We found that higher concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances were correlated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Using specific biomarkers, we also detected the concentrations of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in urine and found that OPFRs may disrupt hormone homeostasis.

Discussion: All of these results reveal EDCs may disrupt female reproduction.
Progress in the study of autophagy-related proteins affecting resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in leukemia
Authors: Li Meng , Li Jing , Zhang Shiming , Zhou Linghan , Zhu Yuanyuan , Li Shen , Li Qiong , Wang Junjie , Song Ruipeng
Published: June 2024

Leukemia is a life-threatening malignant tumor of the hematopoietic system. Currently, the main treatment modalities are chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, increased drug resistance due to decreased sensitivity of leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic drugs presents a major challenge in current treatments. Autophagy-associated proteins involved in autophagy initiation have now been shown to be involved in the development of various types of leukemia cells and are associated with drug resistance. Therefore, this review will explore the roles of autophagy-related proteins involved in four key autophagic processes: induction of autophagy and phagophore formation, phagophore extension, and autophagosome formation, on the development of various types of leukemias as well as drug resistance. Autophagy may become a promising therapeutic target for treating leukemia.
Exploiting cell death and tumor immunity in cancer therapy: challenges and future directions
Authors: Lu Jiaan , He Ru , Liu Yang , Zhang Jinghan , Xu Heng , Zhang Tianchi , Chen Li , Yang Guanhu , Zhang Jun , Liu Jie , Chi Hao
Published: June 2024

Cancer remains a significant global challenge, with escalating incidence rates and a substantial burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Herein, we present an in-depth exploration of the intricate interplay between cancer cell death pathways and tumor immunity within the tumor microenvironment (TME). We begin by elucidating the epidemiological landscape of cancer, highlighting its pervasive impact on premature mortality and the pronounced burden in regions such as Asia and Africa. Our analysis centers on the pivotal concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD), whereby cancer cells succumbing to specific stimuli undergo a transformation that elicits robust anti-tumor immune responses. We scrutinize the mechanisms underpinning ICD induction, emphasizing the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) as key triggers for dendritic cell (DC) activation and subsequent T cell priming. Moreover, we explore the contributions of non-apoptotic RCD pathways, including necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, to tumor immunity within the TME. Emerging evidence suggests that these alternative cell death modalities possess immunogenic properties and can synergize with conventional treatments to bolster anti-tumor immune responses. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic implications of targeting the TME for cancer treatment, highlighting strategies to harness immunogenic cell death and manipulate non-apoptotic cell death pathways for therapeutic benefit. By elucidating the intricate crosstalk between cancer cell death and immune modulation within the TME, this review aims to pave the way for the development of novel cancer therapies that exploit the interplay between cell death mechanisms and tumor immunity and overcome Challenges in the Development and implementation of Novel Therapies.
Integrating scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq to explore the differentiation mechanism of human nail stem cells mediated by onychofibroblasts
Authors: Fang Xia , Zhou Jiateng , Yang Yating , Li Dawei , Wang Bin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Nail stem cell (NSC) differentiation plays a vital role in maintaining nail homeostasis and facilitating digit regeneration. Recently, onychofibroblasts (OFs), specialized mesenchymal cells beneath the nail matrix, have emerged as potential regulators of NSC differentiation. However, limited understanding of OFs’ cellular properties and transcriptomic profiles hinders our comprehension of their role. This study aims to characterize human OFs and investigate their involvement in NSC differentiation.

Methods: Human OFs were isolated and characterized for their mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like phenotype through flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation assays. Bulk RNA-seq analysis was conducted on three samples of OFs and control fibroblasts from human nail units to delineate their molecular features. Integrated analysis with scRNA-seq data was performed to identify key signaling pathways involved in OF-induced NSC differentiation. Co-culture experiments, siRNA transfection, RT-qPCR, and immunocytochemistry were employed to investigate the effect of OF-derived soluble proteins on NSC differentiation. Drug treatments, RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry were used to verify the regulation of candidate signaling pathways on NSC differentiation in vitro.

Results: Human OFs exhibited slow cell cycle kinetics, expressed typical MSC markers, and demonstrated multilineage differentiation potential. Bulk RNA-seq analysis revealed differential gene expression in OFs compared to control fibroblasts, highlighting their role in coordinating nail development. Integrated analysis identified BMP4 as a pivotal signal for OFs to participate in NSC differentiation through mesenchymal-epithelial interactions, with the TGF-beta pathway possibly mediating this signal. OFs synthesized and secreted more BMP4 than control fibroblasts, and BMP4 derived from OFs induced NSC differentiation in a co-culture model. Recombinant human BMP4 activated the TGF-beta pathway in NSCs, leading to cell differentiation, while the BMP type I receptor inhibitor LDN193189 attenuated this effect.

Discussion: This study characterizes the cellular and molecular features of human OFs, demonstrating their ability to regulate NSC differentiation via the TGF-beta signaling pathway. These findings establish a connection between the dermal microenvironment and NSC differentiation, suggesting the potential of OFs, in conjunction with NSCs, for developing novel therapies targeting nail and digit defects, even severe limb amputation.
Graphene/ chitosan tubes inoculated with dental pulp stem cells promotes repair of facial nerve injury
Authors: Sun Jingxuan , He Lina , An Qi , Ye Xu , Ma Jinjie , Yan Jing , Xie Xiaoqi , Sun Xiangyu , Niu Yumei , Cao Wenxin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Facial nerve injury significantly impacts both the physical and psychological] wellbeing of patients. Despite advancements, there are still limitations associated with autografts transplantation. Consequently, there is an urgent need for effective artificial grafts to address these limitations and repair injuries. Recent years have witnessed the recognition of the beneficial effects of chitosan (CS) and graphene in the realm of nerve repair. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) hold great promise due to their high proliferative and multi-directional differentiation capabilities.

Methods: In this study, Graphene/CS (G/CST) composite tubes were synthesized and their physical, chemical and biological properties were evaluated, then DPSCs were employed as seed cells and G/CST as a scaffold to investigate their combined effect on promoting facial nerve injury repair.

Results and Disscussion: The experimental results indicate that G/CST possesses favorable physical and chemical properties, along with good cyto-compatibility. making it suitable for repairing facial nerve transection injuries. Furthermore, the synergistic application of G/CST and DPSCs significantly enhanced the repair process for a 10 mm facial nerve defect in rabbits, highlighting the efficacy of graphene as a reinforcement material and DPSCs as a functional material in facial nerve injury repair. This approach offers an effective treatment strategy and introduces a novel concept for clinically managing facial nerve injuries.
Presence of Group A streptococcus frequently assayed virulence genes in invasive disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rampersadh Kimona , Salie M. Taariq , Engel Kelin C. , Moodley Clinton , Zühlke Liesl J. , Engel Mark E.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

It is currently unclear what the role of Group A streptococcus (GAS) virulence factors (VFs) is in contributing to the invasive potential of GAS. This work investigated the evidence for the association of GAS VFs with invasive disease.

Methods

We employed a broad search strategy for studies reporting the presence of GAS VFs in invasive and non-invasive GAS disease. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers, quality assessed, and meta-analyzed using Stata®.

Results

A total of 32 studies reported on 45 putative virulence factors [invasive (n = 3,236); non-invasive (n = 5,218)], characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (n = 30) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) (n = 2). The risk of bias was rated as low and moderate, in 23 and 9 studies, respectively. Meta-,analyses of high-quality studies (n = 23) revealed a significant association of speM [OR, 1.64 (95%CI, 1.06; 2.52)] with invasive infection. Meta-analysis of WGS studies demonstrated a significant association of hasA [OR, 1.91 (95%CI, 1.36; 2.67)] and speG [OR, 2.83 (95%CI, 1.63; 4.92)] with invasive GAS (iGAS). Meta-analysis of PCR studies indicated a significant association of speA [OR, 1.59 (95%CI, 1.10; 2.30)] and speK [OR, 2.95 (95%CI, 1.81; 4.80)] with invasive infection. A significant inverse association was observed between prtf1 [OR, 0.42 (95%CI, 0.20; 0.87)] and invasive infection.

Conclusion

This systematic review and genomic meta-analysis provides evidence of a statistically significant association with invasive infection for the hasA gene, while smeZ, ssa, pnga3, sda1, sic, and NaDase show statistically significantly inverse associations with invasive infection. SpeA, speK, and speG are associated with GAS virulence; however, it is unclear if they are markers of invasive infection. This work could possibly aid in developing preventative strategies.
Scientific communication and scientific literacy for the public perception of the importance of environmental quality for public health
Authors: Lopes Renato Matos , Comarú Michele Waltz , Pierini Max Fonseca , de Souza Raphael Argento , Hauser-Davis Rachel Ann
Published: June 2024

The association between environmental degradation, social disparities, and disease emergence has become clearer than ever in the last decades, emphasizing the need for scientific approaches to protect human and environmental health. Despite scientific consensus, however, the general public often lacks awareness and understanding of these relationships. Misinformation and compartmentalized knowledge further complicate conveying the importance of the subject to the lay population. Thus, scientists must engage in effective scientific communication and promote scientific literacy (SL) among the public. This study discusses the strategies that may be employed to overcome disinformation and enhance scientific literacy and communication, all of which are paramount to deepen the understanding of the connections between biodiversity conservation, environmental health, and public well-being, empowering individuals to take informed actions for a sustainable and healthy future.
Disney characters as moral role models: a discourse analysis of Coco and Encanto
Authors: Vaidya Ruta , Osman Yousra
Published: June 2024

Popular culture characters and narratives can influence people’s understanding of moral actions, and thus guide their behaviors accordingly. Films have proven to be strong anchors in people’s understanding of morality. We examine the perception of resilience as a moral characteristic in examining not just how people become resilient (thereby focusing on impact and action) but also to study “resilience” as a discourse and discussion in society as a moral message. We argue that popular culture narratives, particularly Disney films, help reinforce moral meanings of resilience. By conducting a discourse analysis of two films-Encanto and Coco and particularly focusing on resilience, we aim to contribute to a deepened understanding of Disney’s role in producing morality through diverse narratives and characters who serve as role models.
Metamorphosis of EduX: a comparative study for education in the metaverse
Authors: Lataifeh Mohammad , Ahmed Naveed
Published: June 2024

This research explores critical aspects of the ongoing educational transition from traditional two-dimensional digital platforms toward immersive realities in the metaverse. In this work, a networked, collaborative, ubiquitous, and immersive platform, “EduX” is developed to host different educational sessions. Several metrics are tracked and compared with parallel sessions using traditional digital platforms used by educational institutions, particularly during and after the Covid-19 pandemic, such as Zoom, MS Teams, and Black Board Ultra as the Learning Management System. Four groups of students from different domains of knowledge (n = 396) participated in the study, whereby each group was split into two subgroups, taking their session via EduX and BBUltra, followed by post-assessments and discussions. Using a mixed methods approach, quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed to examine the influence of the platform on engagement, performance, and overall student achievements. The discussed results demonstrate superior usability and user experience levels of the proposed platform, with higher levels of engagement, leading to significantly improved attainments. Other than demonstrating the efficacy and feasibility of the platform, this work establishes fundamental metrics to be considered by software and hardware solution providers, academic institutions, and the research community concerned with the convergence towards immersive technologies.
Geospatial analysis of cardiovascular mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru: analysis of the national death registry to support emergency management in Peru
Authors: Moya-Salazar Jeel , Marín Eileen A. , Palomino-Leyva Camila B. , Rivera Jhonny , Torre Rosario La , Cañari Betsy , Pardo-Villarroel Claudio , Contreras-Pulache Hans
Published: June 2024

Background

COVID-19 has led to significant global mortality, with Peru being among the countries most affected. While pre-existing comorbidities have been linked to most cases, the exact distribution of fatalities within the country remains unclear. We aimed to assess deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across various regions and provinces in Peru.

Methods

An observational georeferencing study was designed. Peru faced four waves of COVID-19 over three years, with variable impacts across its three regions (Coast, Highlands, and Jungle). Deaths related to cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure (HF), arrhythmia, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), strokes, and acute coronary syndrome, were examined as primary variables. The study period spanned pre-pandemic years (2017–2019) and pandemic years (2020–2021), utilizing death data from the National Death Information System (SINADEF). The georeferencing analysis was conducted using ArcGIS v10.3.

Results

A total of 28,197 deaths were recorded during the study period, with significant increases during the pandemic (2020–2021). Cardiovascular deaths were disproportionately higher during the pandemic, totaling 19,376 compared to 8,821 in the pre-pandemic period (p < 0.001). AMI and HF were the leading causes of mortality, showing significant increases from the pre-pandemic (5,573 and 2,584 deaths) to the pandemic period (12,579 and 5,628 deaths), respectively. Deaths due to CVD predominantly affected individuals aged over 60, with significant increases between the two study periods (7,245 vs. 16,497 deaths, p = 0.002). Geospatial analysis revealed regional disparities in CVD mortality, highlighting provinces like Lima and Callao as COVID-19 critical areas. The substantial increase in cardiovascular deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru showed distinctive patterns across regions and provinces.

Conclusions

Geospatial analysis identified higher-risk areas and can guide specific interventions to mitigate the impact of future health crises. Understanding the dynamic relationship between pandemics and cardiovascular health is crucial for effective public health strategies.
Global trends and research hotspots of PCSK9 and cardiovascular disease: a bibliometric and visual analysis
Authors: Tang Masong , Yang Sen , Zou Junying , Li Meng , Sun Yan , Wang Mengqi , Li Wanhan , He Junhui , Chen Ying , Tang Zhanyou
Published: June 2024

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prevalent non-communicable disease globally and holds the position of being the primary cause of mortality worldwide. Consequently, considerable focus has been directed towards the prevention and management of CVD. PCSK9, a frequently targeted element in the treatment and prevention of CVD, can reduce cardiovascular risk by effectively lowering lipid levels even in the context of statin therapy. It also exhibits substantial potential in the diagnosis and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia from genetic aspects. This bibliometric study aims to analyze and visualize the global trends and emerging hotspots of PCSK9 and CVD researches and provide researchers with new perspectives in further studies.

Methods

The data was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. A total of 2,474 publications related to PCSK9 and CVD published between January 2006 and July 2023 were included. The VOSviewer was used to analyze most-cited references, co-authorship, co-citation, co-occurrence and generate a collaborative network map of authors, countries, and institutions. CiteSpace was used to analyze author and institution centroids, keyword bursts, and timeline graphs.

Result

A total of 2,474 articles related to CVD and PCSK9 were included. The number of articles and citations show an increasing trend from year to year. Publications were mainly from the United States. The most active institution was Amgen Inc. Watts, Gerald F. was the most prolific author. Atherosclerosis was the most published journal. Literature co-citation and keyword co-occurrence revealed that early studies focused on the lipid-lowering effects of PCSK9 inhibitors in the context of statins therapy, long-term efficacy, adverse effects, LDLR, diagnosis and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia. In recent years, myocardial ischemic protection, CRISPR-based editing, and new therapeutic strategies for arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease have gotten wide attention. The protein convertase, inflammation, beta-polyacetate, and inclisiran may be the important future research directions.

Conclusion

This study analyses the current status and global trends in the CVD and PCSK9 studies comprehensively, which may provide researchers and policymakers with new and comprehensive perspectives on in this field of research.
Analysis of the effect of digital hospital efforts on paper savings in inpatient procedures and on the duration of nursing care services
Authors: Volkan Esra , Köse İlker , Cece Sinem , Elmas Özge
Published: June 2024

Background

This study has two primary objectives. Firstly, it aims to measure the time savings achieved through the digitization of paper forms filled out by nurses in the inpatient care process. Secondly, it seeks to reveal the financial savings resulting from reduced paper consumption due to the digitalization. The Health Information Management System Society (HIMSS)—Electronic Medical Record Adaption Model (EMRAM), which makes stage-based (0–7) evaluations, serves as a tool to measure the rate of technology utilization in public hospitals in Turkey. The study is based on the HIMSS EMRAM criteria for 2018. Bahçelievler State Hospital, a public hospital in Turkey, was chosen as the research facility. In 2017, it was accredited as Stage 6 with HIMSS EMRAM. However, not all its wards have been digitalized. Initially, pilot selected wards were digitized. Therefore, digital and non-digital wards serve together. In this context, 4 wards were randomly selected and time, paper and toner savings before and after digitalization were measured.

Method

A table was created in Microsoft Excel,listing the forms used by nurses in inpatient care and the time required to fill them out.The time spent for filling paper-based forms and digital-based forms was measured in randomly selected wards.

Result

The analysis showed that digital forms saved more time, paper and toner. For example, filling out the patient history form took 45 min when using paper, compared to 12 min in digital environment. Approximately 27% time savings are achieved only for the patient history form. The total time savings delivered by digitalization for 1,153 inpatients during the year were found as 117 care days, and the savings on total paper consumption was 41.289 pages. For 1,153 inpatients throughout the year, the total time savings from digitalization was 117 care days and the total paper consumption savings was 41,289 pages. In addition, in 4 wards with a total bed capacity of 25, annual paper savings of $1,705.86 and toner savings of $283,736 were achieved.

Discussion

This study reveals the benefits of digitalisation in hospitals for nurses. It saves the time that nurses allocate for filling out paper forms with digitalised forms. Thus, it is a good practice example in terms of using the time allocated for form filling for patient care.When we extend this study to Turkey in general, it can be considered that the time savings achieved by nurses by digitizing inpatient forms varies between 10.8% and 13%. The number of nurses working in public hospitals in Turkey is approximately 160,000. Assuming that 60% of the nurses work in the inpatient ward, it is understood that the annual savings achieved by digitizing the forms corresponds to a range of 398–559 nursing hours.
Study on pile-soil contact effect of anti-sliding piles in swelling soil landslides
Authors: Xu Peng , Xing Xiansen , Jin Chengcai , Wang Ruiying , Zhang Jiabing , Zhang Xiaohu
Published: June 2024

In recent years, it is not uncommon for swelling soil landslides to occur again after treatment, which has seriously affected the safe operation of highways and railways. The degree of consolidation and cementation of swelling soil is poor, and its fractures are developed and it has a certain expansibility. Under the action of expansion force, its shear strength is obviously reduced. Thus, anti-slide pile support is used to control swelling soil landslides in this study. Based on the geological conditions and genetic mechanism of swelling soil landslide, a three-dimensional geological model with a width of 40 m is established to simulate the interaction mechanism and influencing factors between soil and pile in the process of anti-slip pile support. The results show that the larger the cohesion and internal friction angle, the stronger the soil arch effect, but the sensitivity is higher when the value is small. Therefore, attention should be paid to the weakening effect of soil arch effect in soil with low shear strength. The larger the pile spacing, the less obvious the soil arch effect. The swelling force also has a great influence on the soil arch effect from scratch. With the increase of the expansive force, the soil arch effect is weakened and completely disappears. Therefore, the adverse effects of expansive force should be considered, when designing anti-slide piles in swelling soil areas.
Study of wellbore instability in shale formation considering the effect of hydration on strength weakening
Authors: Li Shaopeng , Zhou Peng , Lan Baofeng
Published: June 2024

Shale formations often contain a high proportion of clay minerals, which, upon contact with drilling fluid, undergo hydration expansion. This leads to wellbore instability, a problem that poses significant challenges globally. This study aims to investigate the variation of mechanical properties of shale with respect to hydration time. We employ an empirical model that relates shale strength parameters to the time of drilling through geological formations. Additionally, we consider both shear failure along the wellbore boundary and shear sliding along bedding planes in the analysis. We establish a predictive model for wellbore instability in shale formations. The model quantitatively analyzes the variation of wellbore collapse pressure with drilling time. The research findings indicate that, when the influence of bedding is considered, both the wellbore collapse pressure and the optimal well trajectory undergo significant changes, in addition, for some wellbore trajectories, the collapse pressure can increase by more than 30%. Therefore, it is essential to account for the influence of bedding in wellbore stability analysis in shale formations. As the bedding dip angle changes, both the numerical values and distribution range of wellbore collapse pressure and the optimal well trajectory change noticeably. Changes in bedding dip direction, however, do not affect the numerical values of collapse pressure but do influence the distribution region of the optimal well trajectory. Thus, in wellbore trajectory design within shale formations, it is crucial to determine the orientation of bedding and adjust the well trajectory accordingly to enhance wellbore stability. Furthermore, shale hydration does not impact the optimal well trajectory for a block, but with prolonged hydration, the minimum drilling fluid density required to maintain wellbore stability gradually increases. This suggests that hydration intensifies the weakening effect on bedding plane strength. The research results are helpful to understand the effect of hydration on shale wellbore stability and ensure shale wellbore stability during drilling cycle.