bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health
Authors: Zuccarella-Hackl Claudia , Princip Mary , Sivakumar Sinthujan , von Känel Roland
Published: October 2024

Positive psychological well-being (PPWB) is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in cardiovascular health of both healthy individuals and those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This mini-review synthesizes the current state of knowledge on the relationship between PPWB and cardiovascular health, examining relevant studies on PPWB in both populations. The conceptualization of PPWB encompasses hedonic and eudaimonic facets, with constructs such as optimism, purpose in life, and vitality playing crucial roles. Studies among healthy individuals show a significant association between PPWB and improved cardiovascular health indicators, while research among cardiac patients highlights the importance of PPWB in predicting outcomes such as mortality and rehospitalization. Mechanistic pathways linking PPWB and cardiovascular health include biological processes, health behavior changes, and additional psychological resources that mitigate stress. Despite the growing evidence, questions remain unanswered, necessitating further research to understand these relationships and develop effective interventions. Promoting psychological well-being alongside physical health can enhance cardiovascular disease prevention and management, offering a comprehensive approach to improving patient outcomes and overall well-being.
Flourishing levels among health and non-health profession students in Saudi Arabian colleges
Authors: Shdaifat Emad , Alshowkan Amira , Alqahtani Friyal , Alebiary Hoda , AL-Qahtani Mona , Alsaleh Nagla , Kamel Neama
Published: October 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the levels of flourishing among university students, compare these levels between students in health-related and non-health-related colleges, and identify factors that predict flourishing.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, involving 1,148 students from the first to fourth year across both academic sectors. Data were collected utilizing the self-reported Global Flourishing Study Questionnaire (GFS) during the period from September 2023 to June 2024. Multistage sampling techniques were employed to ensure a representative sample, with data collection facilitated through a self-administered electronic link on QuestionPro resulting in a response rate of 51.7%. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, incorporating descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis to identify predictors of flourishing. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson’s correlation analysis.

Results

The study included nearly equal proportions of students from health (51.0%) and nonhealth (49.0%) colleges. The average flourishing score was 85.6 (SD=18.6), with a slight increase in health colleges (85.7) compared with non-health colleges (85.4). Factors that significantly affected flourishing included gender, employment status, exercise frequency, experiences of abuse, and income. In the multiple regression analysis, well-being emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by external factors, disposition, and behavior. Gender exhibited a positive association with flourishing, whereas religion had a negative influence. Furthermore, employment and higher income levels were found to positively contribute to flourishing.

Conclusion

This study revealed elevated levels of flourishing among university students in Saudi Arabia, with a notable average score of 85.6. Although the differences between students enrolled in health-related and non-health-related colleges were minimal, significant predictors of flourishing were identified, including well-being, external factors, disposition and behavior, gender, religious affiliation, employment status, income, frequency of exercise, and experience of abuse. These findings underscore the complexity of flourishing and highlight the necessity of considering a range of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors to promote student well-being.
Bullying of LGBTQ+ children and adolescents in schools: understanding the phenomenon, consequences, and international standards with a focus on the polish context
Authors: Stańczykiewicz Bartłomiej , Senczyszyn Adrianna
Published: October 2024

Bullying refers to repetitive, aggressive behavior intended to harm or intimidate others. Cyberbullying extends this aggression to digital platforms, involving harassment via social media, texts, or emails. These forms of bullying are particularly damaging to LGBTQ+ youth, who often face discrimination based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. In the context of LGBTQ+ individuals, bullying and cyberbullying can lead to severe emotional and psychological harm, contributing to higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Despite extensive global efforts and campaigns to combat homophobia, LGBTQ+ students continue to face significant challenges, with the situation in Poland being notably severe. The review highlights various forms of bullying, including physical, verbal, and social aggression, and underscores the alarming involvement of school personnel in perpetuating such behaviors. The focus on the Polish context enriches the global discourse on LGBTQ+ rights and highlights the critical need for targeted interventions to support vulnerable youth in regions with prevalent conservative and religious sentiments.
A comprehensive review on NUI, multi-sensory interfaces and UX design for applications and devices for visually impaired users
Authors: Arora Lauryn , Choudhary Akansh , Bhatt Margi , Kaliappan Jayakumar , Srinivasan Kathiravan
Published: October 2024

In today’s world, there has been a significant increase in the use of devices, gadgets, and mobile applications in our daily activities. Although this has had a significant impact on the lives of the general public, people who are Partially Visually Impaired SPVI, which includes a much broader range of vision loss that includes mild to severe impairments, and Completely Visually Impaired (CVI), who have no light perception, still face significant obstacles when trying to access and use these technologies. This review article aims to provide an overview of the NUI, Multi-sensory Interfaces and UX Design (NMUD) of apps and devices specifically tailored CVI and PVI individuals. The article begins by emphasizing the importance of accessible technology for the visually impaired and the need for a human-centered design approach. It presents a taxonomy of essential design components that were considered during the development of applications and gadgets for individuals with visual impairments. Furthermore, the article sheds light on the existing challenges that need to be addressed to improve the design of apps and devices for CVI and PVI individuals. These challenges include usability, affordability, and accessibility issues. Some common problems include battery life, lack of user control, system latency, and limited functionality. Lastly, the article discusses future research directions for the design of accessible apps and devices for visually impaired individuals. It emphasizes the need for more user-centered design approaches, adherence to guidelines such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, the application of e-accessibility principles, the development of more accessible and affordable technologies, and the integration of these technologies into the wider assistive technology ecosystem.
Association of diuretics with falls and wrist fractures: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Fei , Dai Jun-ze , Deng Xiao-xi , Cao Ren-shuang , Cheng Yong-zhong , Wang Chao-lu
Published: October 2024

Background

The association between diuretics and falls in older adult has been reported in previous studies, but discrepancy remains between the different types of diuretics. The association of diuretics with the risk of wrist fractures due to diuretics is also unclear. Therefore, in this study, we determined the association of diuretics with falls and wrist fractures by Mendelian randomization.

Methods

We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate the effects of the loop diuretics\potassium-sparing diuretics\thiazide diuretics (LDs\PSDs\TDs) on the risk of falls and wrist fracture using the three diuretic-associated genetically-predicted single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genetic tools. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the main evaluation method, with odds ratio (OR) as the evaluation criterion. Additionally, weighted median (WME), MR-Egger, weighted mode (WM) and simple mode (SM) methods were used together for the MR analysis, and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the main results.

Result

A total of 35 SNPs were included in this study as instrumental variables to replace LDs, PSDs, and TDs, which were 24, 7, and 4. Genetic substitutions for diuretics associated with increased risk of falls were LDs (OR = 1.012043, 95%CI: 1.001607–1.022588, p = 0.022337), PSDs (OR = 1.023794, 95%CI: 1.005605–1.042312, p = 0.010138). Genetically proxied TDs showed no association with falls, but the use of TDs showed a negative correlation with the incidence of wrist fracture (OR = 0.833, 95%CI: 0.767–0.905, p < 0.001). The Cochran Q-test showed no heterogeneity and MR-PRESSO method excluded data pleiotropy.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the use of loop diuretics (LDs) or potassium-sparing diuretics (PSDs) increases the incidence of falls, but there is no causal relationship between thiazide diuretics (TDs) and falls, and TDs may actually reduce the risk of wrist fractures. Clinical use of diuretics necessitates vigilance and appropriate preventive measures to minimize fall-related events.
Physical activity as a predictor of activities of daily living in older adults: a longitudinal study in China
Authors: Wang Ling-Ying , Chen Hong-Xiu , Zhu Hong , Hu Zi-Yi , Zhou Chun-Fen , Hu Xiu-Ying
Published: October 2024

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of physical activity and its association with the progression of difficulty performing activities of daily living among older adults in China.

Methods

A population-based prospective cohort study based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data was conducted in 2018 and 2020. This study used a logistic model to empirically estimate the effects on daily living activities among older adults.

Results

A total of 2073 older adults aged 60 years and above were included, 78.0% of whom did not exercise. The logistic regression model revealed several predictive factors for activity of daily living decline among older adults. These included residence status (OR = 0.672; 95% CI 0.519–0.869; p = 0.002), age (OR = 0.307; 95% CI 0.169–0.557; p < 0.001), ethnicity (OR = 0.511; 95% CI 0.338–0.773; p = 0.001), education level (OR = 2.180; 95% CI 1.366–3.479; p < 0.001), job (OR = 0.601; 95% CI 0.447–0.810; p = 0.001), chronic disease (OR = 0.769; 95% CI 0.604–0.978; p = 0.032) and physical activity (less: OR = 0.464; 95% CI 0.300–0.720; p = 0.001; adequate: OR = 0.512; 95% CI 0.321–0.816; p = 0.005).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that insufficient physical activity is particularly acute among the older adults. Physical activity has emerged as a significant predictor of decreased daily living activities among older adults. Our research underscores that less and adequate physical activity can prevent a reduction in daily living activities, in contrast to a lack of exercise. The most effective threshold for daily exercise frequency is a session per day, while the ideal exercise duration is 15 min. Additionally, the desired intensity for exercise is characterized by rapid breathing and a noticeable heartbeat, accompanied by slight perspiration. Community nurses play a pivotal role in providing health education on daily exercise to the older adults. It is crucial for nurses in community hospitals to closely monitor the daily exercise habits of the older adults, actively disseminate the benefits of exercise, and enhance their current exercise regimens through effective health education, ultimately improving their quality of life.
Reduction in the olfactory ability in aging Mitf mutant mice without evidence of neurodegeneration
Authors: Mechmet Fatich , Steingrímsson Eiríkur , Petersen Petur Henry
Published: October 2024

Age-related decline occurs in most brain structures and sensory systems. An illustrative case is olfaction. The olfactory bulb (OB) undergoes deterioration with age, resulting in reduced olfactory ability. A decline in olfaction is also associated with early symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the underlying reasons are unclear. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is expressed in the projection neurons (PNs) of the OB–the mitral and tufted (M/T) cells. Primary M/T cells from Mitf mutant mice show hyperactivity, potentially attributed to the reduced expression of a key potassium channel subunit, Kcnd3/Kv4.3. This influences intrinsic plasticity, an essential mechanism involving the non-synaptic regulation of neuronal activity. As neuronal hyperactivity often precedes neurodegenerative conditions, the current study aimed to determine whether the absence of Mitf causes degenerative effects during aging. Aged Mitf mutant mice showed reduced olfactory ability without inflammation. However, an increase in the expression of potassium channel subunit genes in the OBs of aged Mitfmi-vga9/mi-vga9 mice suggests that during aging, compensatory mechanisms lead to stabilization.
Effects of a 30-min rest with a nap chair on task performance, sleepiness, and neurophysiological measures in men with suspected brain fatigue: a randomized controlled crossover trial
Authors: Fujino Minoru , Inoue Mikio , Sonoda Yoshiharu , Kono Suminori , Wakana Chikako , Mawatari Shiro , Fujino Takehiko
Published: October 2024

Background

It has been suggested that a short nap in the afternoon may improve sleepiness, alertness, and task performance. The present study evaluated the effects of a 30-min rest with a new nap chair on task performance, sleepiness, and neurophysiological measures.

Methods

A randomized controlled crossover trial with a 1-week interval was carried out at the BOOCS Clinic Fukuoka in Japan. The subjects were male workers aged 20 to 64 years with suspected brain fatigue, which was defined by the Profile of Mood Status 2. The intervention was a 30-min rest with an office chair or a nap chair. The primary outcome was the performance in the Uchida-Kraepelin test. The secondary outcomes included the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and 15-min heart rate variability (HRV). The changes after the nap-chair rest and office-chair rest were compared. Repeated measures analysis of variance with nesting was used in the statistical analysis.

Results

Twenty participants were eligible and entered the crossover trial. The overall 15-min score in the Uchida-Kraepelin test improved after the nap-chair rest and after the office-chair rest to almost the same extent (5.9 vs. 5.5 points, P = 0.68). The Karolinska Sleepiness score significantly decreased after the nap-chair rest, and the between-treatment difference in the decrease was highly significant (P = 0.0004). The average duration of sleep during rest was prominently longer in the nap-chair rest than in the office-chair rest (19.0 vs. 7.6 min, P = 0.002). No participants experienced REM sleep during the rest. LF and HF powers of the HRV were greater during the nap-chair rest than during the office-chair rest, the difference in the HF power being substantial.

Conclusion

A 30-min rest with the nap chair did not appreciably improve the performance in the Uchida-Kraepelin test as compared with the office-chair rest. The nap-chair rest induced a substantially longer sleep accompanied with a parasympathetic activation, thereby resulting in a material improvement in sleepiness after the rest.
Integrated GIS-hydrologic-hydraulic modeling to assess combined flood drivers in coastal regions: a case study of Bonita Bay, Florida
Authors: Tsegaye Seneshaw , Kebedew Mebrahtom G. , Albrecht Kevin K. , Missimer Thomas M. , Thomas Serge , Elshall Ahmed S.
Published: October 2024

Flooding poses a severe global threat, necessitating advanced methodologies to assess and manage its risks effectively. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates Geographic Information System (GIS) with hydrologic-hydraulic modeling to evaluate the combined drivers of current and future flood risks. The method is applied to the development Bonita Bay in southwest Florida. It occurs in a region highly susceptible to flooding due to its low elevation and proximity to tidal waters. The innovative integration of GIS with hydrologic-hydraulic models enables detailed assessment and visualization of flood inundation areas under multiple flood drivers including design storms, land use changes, groundwater rise, and sea-level rise. This allows for the seamless simulation of complex flood interactions with only minor adjustments to the model for the identified drivers. The results indicate significant increases in initial water storage caused by sea and groundwater level rise and amplified storm runoff from land use changes. A 2% increase in flooded areas is projected with stronger design storms, and a 5% increase by 2,100 compared to 2024. This approach provides a robust framework for developing tailored flood mitigation strategies and can be adapted to various coastal regions globally.
A novel interpretation of farmland abandonment: evidence from the famine experience
Authors: Geng Linling , Zhang Yifeng
Published: October 2024

The growing severity of farmland abandonment in rural areas has sparked concerns about the lack of people willing to cultivate the land. This study attempts to find the endogenous factors of farmland land abandonment among Chinese farmers and to curb land degradation to stabilize food security. Based on the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (2016–2018), this paper explores the effect of famine experience on farmland abandonment using logit and DID models. We find that famine experience does increase the probability and extent of farmland abandonment, and undergo a series of robustness tests. We also find that the famine stigma effect increases the likelihood and extent of farmland abandonment by increasing risk aversion and reducing social trust and investment in agriculture. The growth of urbanization in China worsens the effects of famine, whereas local communal production services remove the effects of famine. The overall findings of this study provide useful insights for the government to protect land quality and food security and to carefully consider the role played by communities.
Case Report: Facial fracture sequelae: the importance of using a specific customized implant (PSI) for orbital reconstruction
Authors: Pulino Bianca , Fonseca Leonardo Alckmin Hotz , Vieira Eduardo Hochuli , Piteri Filho José Roberto , de Mâcedo Thiago Felippe Oliveira , D'Amado Marcelo Pigatto , Pereira Rodrigo , Santos Igor Alexandre Damasceno , Ilesan Robert , Moreira Henrique Cabrini , Viana Drielli , Guerra Raphael Capelli
Published: October 2024

The reconstruction of orbital fracture sequelae is a major challenge due to concerns regarding surgical approach and implant stability. Few anatomical sites of such minute size have presented with as much variation in treatment as the orbital floor fractures and related sequelae. Our patient developed sequelae of an orbital fracture over the last 3 years, presenting with dystopia, ophthalmoplegia, and diplopia in the supra- and lateroversion and aesthetic impairment. The variety of implant materials for reconstruction after orbital fractures is extensive, and the decision as to which material to use continues to be debated. The continuing development of computer-aided diagnosis and management and the construction of stereolithographic models offer comparable reproduction of anatomical detail. This technology is described in relation to the planning of trauma surgery and sequelae and the planning of ablative surgery for malignant neoplasms of the head and neck. The use of specific 3D printed titanium implants for bone defects was first reported in cranial reconstruction in 2012, and several studies have reported their use in orbital fractures. The advantages of this implant were increased stiffness, preventing shape loss during placement, a precise fit, and decreased surgical time. However, in the existing literature, the one-piece implant done in this way was a precise fit; therefore, it is possible that navigation between intraoperative anatomical landmarks is lost. However, in cases where reconstruction is difficult, such as extensive orbital wall fractures and large orbital sequelae, the 3D printed implant has been helpful in decreasing surgical time and can be accessed by a limited surgical approach with a precise fit. Our clinical case involved a 37-year-old male patient who experienced severe physical aggression in 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. At the time, due to the overwhelming healthcare demands and resource constraints imposed by the pandemic, immediate surgical intervention for the correction of the fracture was not feasible. As a result of this delay, the patient developed sequelae of the orbital fracture over the last 3 years.
Assessment of the Therapeutic Potential of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Inhibition in a Murine Model of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome
Authors: Matsudo Kyoto , Takamori Shinkichi , Takenaka Tomoyoshi , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Hashinokuchi Asato , Nagano Taichi , Kinoshita Fumihiko , Akamine Takaki , Kohno Mikihiro , Toyokawa Gouji , Yoshizumi Tomoharu
Published: October 2024

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a chronic complication following lung transplantation that limits the long-term survival. Although the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is involved in post-transplantation rejection, its involvement in BOS pathogenesis remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of EZH2 inhibition in BOS. 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) was administered intraperitoneally to heterotopic tracheal transplant recipient model mice. Tracheal allografts were obtained on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after transplantation. The obstruction ratios of the DZNep and control groups on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 were 15.1% ± 0.8% vs. 20.4% ± 3.6% (p = 0.996), 16.9% ± 2.1% vs. 67.7% ± 11.5% (p < 0.001), 47.8% ± 7.8% vs. 92.2% ± 5.4% (p < 0.001), and 60.0% ± 9.6% vs. 95.0% ± 2.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon-γ on day 7 and those of IL-2, tumor necrosis factor, and IL-17A on days 14, 21, and 28 were significantly reduced following DZNep treatment. DZNep significantly decreased the number of infiltrating T-cells on day 14. In conclusion, DZNep-mediated EZH2 inhibition suppressed the inflammatory reactions driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines and T cell infiltration, thereby alleviating BOS symptoms.
On Genre as the Primary Unit of Language (Not Only) in Law
Authors: Stein Dieter
Published: October 2024

Taking as points of departure modern pragmatic theory and the information-theoretic view of communication offered by Levinson, this paper re-defines the notion of “genre” as a primarily top-down functioning kind of pre-existing, conventionalized package deal in construing meaning. As a consequence, this paper argues for relativizing the role of code (langue), given information in favor of pre-existing pragmatic-functional knowledge in “making meaning”. This discussion is focused on law, which is where the issue of whether and how much meaning is “in the text”, and what it means to be “in the text” is theoretically and practically paramount.
Constructing Co3O4 Nanowire@NiCo2O4 Nanosheet Hierarchical Array as Electrode Material for High-Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Xu Bo , Pan Lu , Wang Yaqi , Liu Menglong
Published: October 2024

The Co3O4 nanowire@NiCo2O4 nanosheet hierarchical array was constructed on Ni foam using hydrothermal and annealing approaches in turn, from which a NiCo2O4 nanosheet could self-assemble on the Co3O4 nanowire. The structure and morphology of the Co3O4 nanowire@NiCo2O4 nanosheet hierarchical array were characterized via XRD, EDS, SEM, and FESEM, respectively. The electrochemical performance of the composite array was measured via a cyclic voltammetry curve, galvanostatic current charge–discharge, charge–discharge cycle, and electrochemical impedance and then compared with the Co3O4 nanowire. The results show that the Co3O4 nanowire@NiCo2O4 nanosheet hierarchical array could reach a high value of 2034 F g−1 at a current density of 2.5 A g−1. After 5000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles, the specific capacitance of the Co3O4 nanowire@NiCo2O4 nanosheet hierarchical array could still maintain 94.7% of the original value. Therefore, the Co3O4 nanowire@NiCo2O4 nanosheet hierarchical array would be a desirable electrode material for a high-performance supercapacitor.
Dry Amorphization of Itraconazole Using Mesoporous Silica and Twin-Screw Technology
Authors: Richter Margarethe , Welzmiller Simon , Monsuur Fred , Völp Annika R. , Quadflieg Joachim
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Amorphization of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) can improve its dissolution and enhance bioavailability. Avoiding solvents for drug amorphization is beneficial due to environmental issues and potential solvent residues in the final product. Methods: Dry amorphization using a twin-screw extruder is presented in this paper. A blend of mesoporous silica particles and crystalline itraconazole was processed using a pharma-grade laboratory scale twin-screw extruder. The influence of different screw configurations and process parameters was tested. Particle size and shape are compared in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to determine the residual amount of crystalline itraconazole in the final product. Results: An optimized screw configuration for the process was found which leads to more than 90% amorphous API when processed at room temperature. Full amorphization was reached at 70 °C. The specific mechanic energy (SME) introduced into the material during twin-screw processing is crucial for the dry amorphization. The higher the SME, the lower the residual amount of crystalline API. Two months after processing, however, recrystallization was observed by XRD. Conclusions: Dry processing using a twin-screw extruder is continuous, free of solvents and can be performed at low temperatures. This study proves the concept of twin-screw processing with mesoporous silica for dry amorphization of itraconazole.
Remote diagnostics of the parameters of the technical condition of agricultural machinery
Authors:   Federal scientific agroengineering center of VIM, Kataev Yu. V.
Published: October 2024

The system of remote diagnostics of agricultural machinery for assessing the parameters of its technical condition is considered. In agriculture, time to complete tasks has a certain time limit, as the timing of fi eld operations is crucial. Recently, intelligent online technologies have attracted a lot of attention in the agricultural sector. It has been established that the most important means of increasing the efficiency of using tractors is the indiscriminate determination of the parameters of the technical condition of the machine by improving methods of its control and monitoring the quality of work on the basis of the introduction of modern online monitoring systems.
MARKETING IN THE SPHERE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Zhengyang Wang
Published: October 2024

The article reveals the relevance of using marketing tools in the field of public administration. The concept of «marketing» is analyzed, the approaches of modern scientists to this concept are considered. Today, there are about 2,000 definitions of the concept of «marketing», in which the main tasks, processes and concepts of marketing are reflected in various combinations. A significant impact on the variety of definitions of marketing was made by the variety of points of view on the goals, objectives and content of marketing and marketing activities. Quite often, definitions of marketing are based on concepts of an economic nature (for example, profit maximization, increasing income, market, competitiveness, etc.), on management concepts (planning, regulation, organization, etc.). Emphasis is placed on a large number of derivative concepts of marketing, including «state marketing», «territorial marketing», «regional marketing», etc.
It is indicated that marketing in the field of public administration is, first of all, an approach in public administration that puts the satisfaction of consumers and producers of public services in a prominent place, which acts as a specific form of marketing implementation. More specifically, this is the marketing activity of management bodies and/or their representatives who act as producers, consumers or intermediaries (suppliers) in the processes of exchange of goods, services, ideas and other values.
The tools of state marketing were proposed, and the results of the use of the tools were analyzed. An analysis of the main types of marketing in the field of public administration was carried out: macro-marketing; direct state marketing; state internet marketing; de-marketing This classification is generally correct, as it takes into account the subject composition and various goals of marketing in the field of public administration.
It has been proven that marketing in the field of public administration is based on real mechanisms of market functioning, and is also focused on achieving the maximum social effect from increasing the degree of satisfaction of the needs of the country's population. It is proven that the state uses marketing tools in its policy. However, so far it has a single character, and the use of such tools should be systematic. The application of marketing in the field of public administration and the activities of public bodies can be a means of achieving and increasing the competitiveness of both the national economy and the entire national state.
STATE POLICY AS A FORM OF TARGETED STATE ACTIVITY
Authors: Muntian Liliia
Published: October 2024

The article examines state policy as an organized and purposeful activity of the state, which provides for the protection of public interests, ensures the adoption of balanced and justified state decisions, and contributes to the stable development of Ukrainian society. Issues of state policy formation in the system of planning and implementation of development plans of modern society are considered.
It was determined that with the transition from bureaucratic forms to innovative methods of managing the state and society, state policy acquires certain signs of publicity, due to the involvement of both state and non-state public organizations in its implementation.
It has been proven that the European integration of Ukraine is accompanied by changes in state policy, which is based on European values ​​and standards for the formation of a legal, social and democratic state. Therefore, it is better to use the term «public policy», as active purposeful actions of the state based on the cooperation of state institutions, civil society institutions, as well as non-state organizations and individual citizens.
It is noted that the participatory theory of democracy should become a universal principle of organizing the public policy of the Ukrainian state. Because the basis of the effective functioning of participatory democracy is a developed civil society, as well as public trust in the activities of state and public institutions, that is, citizens' confidence in the correctness of the actions of public authorities to implement the goals announced by the state.
It is substantiated that modern state (public) policy, firstly, is designed to ensure public expression of will, expression of interests and needs of the population and their practical implementation at the level of power institutions; secondly, it should be based on the principles of: openness, transparency and democracy; thirdly, in the process of development and implementation of political decisions, civil society institutions should be involved in this work. The specific characteristics of state policy as an active activity are singled out, which distinguish it from a whole array of other types of policies.
In further studies, it is suggested to pay attention to the normative and legal regulation of state policy.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF DESIGNING ANTI-CORRUPTION ACTS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ANTI-CORRUPTION
Authors: Dehtyarova Iya , Moroz Volodymyr
Published: October 2024

It has been established that international legal countermeasures against corruption are carried out at three levels: global (by the United Nations, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the World Bank, etc.); regional integration (Council of Europe, European Union, other integration associations); bilateral intergovernmental and interagency cooperation. There is no coordination of directions and means of combating corruption between them. Therefore, international anti-corruption activities at all three levels developed not only in different directions, but also in many ways spontaneously. It has been proven that the wide participation of international organizations in the fight against corruption and the variety of anti-corruption legal means used by them contribute to the concentration and coordination of the efforts of states in the fight against corruption.
Another positive effect of the acts of international organizations is also noted: drawing the attention of civil society to the tasks of combating corruption, they significantly strengthen the potential for their full solution. On the other hand, the variety of subjects and legal forms of international legal anti-corruption often create legal conflicts between acts operating in this area. Such collisions create, for example, different approaches to defining the concept of corruption. It is noted that the concepts of designing anti-corruption acts, based on the ideas and methods of system design of complex technological processes and objects, are more and more widely used in the law-making practice of international organizations and states of the modern world.
Their influence on the legal regulation of social relations is increasing, confirming that at the current stage of socio-economic, technological, informational development, the complication of social relations, the rapid increase in their quantitative parameters and indicators, the growing danger of man-made and natural disasters, the introduction of system design becomes impossible. It is gradually displacing the maximally ineffective under such conditions practices of «industry», «fragmentary», «point», «situational» legal regulation. It has been established that the systematic design of anti-corruption acts primarily involves conducting comprehensive studies of law-making initiatives. In the course of such studies, all factors that may affect the intended sphere (object) of legal regulation must be analyzed; the opinions, positions, and evaluations of not only regulatory and control-supervisory state bodies, but also potential participants in the projected legal relations should be taken into account.
A Chebyshev Generated Block Method for Directly Solving Nonlinear and Ill-posed Fourth-Order ODEs
Authors: Duromola M. K. , Momoh A. L. , Akingbodi O. J.
Published: October 2024

This study presents a block method induced by Chebyshev polynomials of first kind for directly solving initial value problems of fourth-order ordinary differential equations without reducing the problems to a system of first-order differential equations. The method was developed by applying interpolation and collocation procedures to a Chebyshev approximate polynomial. The unknown parameters were obtained using the Gaussian elimination method, then substituted into the approximate solution to get the continuous scheme and evaluated at the selected point to give the discrete scheme. The method was zero stable, consistent, and convergent, p-stable as shown by the region of absolute stability and has an order of seven. The accuracy and usability of the developed method were tested by applying it to solve six numerical examples. The method was found to be efficient as it gives minimal error. The numerical results of the method were compared with other works cited in the literature and found to be better as it gives minor errors.
Contemporary Forms of Bourgeois Political Domination: The Case of Sanitation Privatizationin Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Lopes Pinto João Roberto
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo pretende discutir as formas contemporâneas da dominação política burguesa, no contexto da atuação de grupos econômicos, sob o domínio financeiro, na prestação de serviços sociais essenciais. Destacamos o caso das privatizações no setor de saneamento no Brasil, em especial sobre a concessão dos serviços de distribuição de água, coleta e tratamento de esgoto no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para efeito de uma aproximação maior sobre as formas assumidas pela hegemonia econômica e política de tais grupos, analisaremos de forma mais detida a atuação do grupo AEGEA/Águas do Rio, maior operadora privada de saneamento no Rio de Janeiro.
The Wellness Journey of Adults: “A Survey on Yoga Practices and Personal Transformation”
Authors: Jaya Gayathri S
Published: October 2024

This article focuses on the importance of yoga in well-being ness of our body. Yoga is the absolute best well-being and health module as it is extensive and all-encompassing in nature. Wellness is a functioning course of becoming mindful of and settling on decisions toward a sound and satisfying life. Health is more than being liberated from disease; it is a unique process of progress and development. All kind of body well-being advances appropriate consideration of our bodies for ideal well-being and bodywork. There are many pieces of health that all should be really focused on together. In general, good health promotes a balanced view of physical activity, nutrition, and mental health to keep your body in good health and fitness. Yoga is a way of life higher and healthier. It ensures extraordinary success or efficiency in the workplace and higher authority over the mind and emotions; with yoga one can achieve both physical and mental harmony. Yoga is a finished science that joins the body, psyche, and soul. Everyday routine with regards to yoga expands peacefulness, affectability, instinct, mindfulness, body wellness, and increasing of immunity in the present condition of coronavirus disease-19. Yoga is not just about working out; it is about a sound way of life.
A Study on Effectiveness of Yoga for Improvement of Work Productivity among Millennials in Tiruchirappalli
Authors: Vaishnavi B , Booma Devi S
Published: October 2024

Yoga has been great art and science of healthy living. Positive health is an important means of leading meaningful life filled with happiness and inner harmony. With rapid economic development and increasing westernization of lifestyle in past few decades there is a change in the behavioural pattern of human being. This article focuses on the effectiveness of yoga for improvement of work productivity among millennials. The regular practice of yoga is a solution for the many psychological and lifestyle disorders of the modern life with the revitalization of the traditional inheritance along the lines of the sustainable approach. It was observed that, all the responders said that yoga is beneficial in their life as it helps them to attain inner peace, productive mind, strong immunity and balanced work life as well. Thus, it can be concluded that, practicing yoga makes life healthy and increased their productivity.
Functional Foods and its Role in Human Health - A Review
Authors: Aathithya S
Published: October 2024

The relationship between food and health has grown significantly, since there is growing evidence that eating a good food lower the chance of developing deadly diseases. Foods are classified as functional, therapeutic are those nutraceuticals that not only contain the primary and necessary nutrients to meet the needs of the human body, but also have the potential to reduce the risk of a number of chronic diseases in humans. As such, they are considered the new trendsetters in the fields of food nutrition and medicine. They are probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, Phytosterols, phytochemicals, antioxidants have the capacity to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and degenerative diseases. These functional foods will not only have basic nutrition like protein, vitamin, minerals for regular basic body functions but also have the phytochemicals, bioactive compounds and antioxidants to prevent from certain diseases and providing better health.
Role of Soy in Enhancing the Performance of Sportsman
Authors: Anitha C , Ramesh Raj S
Published: October 2024

The aim of the current study is to determine how soy products influence athletes performance in relation to their views of nutrition and health. Comparison of paneer, Bengal gram flour, Bengal gram and meat with the soy products, namely tofu, defatted soy flour, and soy chunks. The nutritional content of their products-paneer, Bengal gram flour, and Bengal gram—was reviewed and compared with that of tofu, defatted soy flour, and soy chunks. Success in sports is influenced by a variety of elements, and nutrition is one of them. The foods a sportsman needs to eat depend on a number of factors, such as the sport, goals, the surroundings, and pragmatic considerations. The significance of personalized nutrition counseling, encompassing daily nutritional guidance and targeted counseling prior to, during, and following training and/or competition, is becoming more widely acknowledged. Athletes employ many nutritional tactics to enhance their performance, with optimizing glycogen reserves being a crucial approach for numerous individuals. Consuming carbohydrates while exercising keeps blood sugar levels up, avoids hypoglycemia, and benefits the central nervous system. The advantages of consuming protein throughout the day after working out are now widely acknowledged.
Role of Prebiotic for Better Health
Authors: Nisha Lakshmi C
Published: October 2024

The research aims to develop prebiotic based novel food product which can benefit in the prevention of gastro intestinal disorder as well as its symptoms like acidity with ingredients that have high fiber, antimicrobial and antioxidant action. High-fiber foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains diminish acid reflux due primarily. Fiber aid in digestion, retain fluid within the digestive framework, preventing the displacement of stomach corrosive. Hence, sources of dissolvable fiber, such as sunflower seeds are particularly advantageous decreasing aggravation and other absorption related issues and on the other hand, the insoluble fiber present in flax seed can offer assistance to relieve or avoid obstruction and keep ones bowel developments normal. Little amounts of lemon when added to water can have an alkalizing effect on the digestive tract. It can help to obstruct the acidity created by GERD and acid reflux. Ginger makes a difference in acid reflux, which could be an extraordinary way to treat this condition actually, without any medicine. Besides, it also includes additional nutrition to your everyday slim down. The novel nourishment product was developed with mint flavors. Prebiotics play a crucial role in promoting better health by fostering the growth and activity of beneficial microorganisms in the gut. These non-digestible fibers and compounds serve as a source of nutrition for probiotic bacteria, which are the beneficial bacteria residing in the gastrointestinal tract. The symbiotic relationship between prebiotics and probiotics contributes to various aspects of overall well-being.
Functional Foods for Better Health
Authors: Sundari P , Dhaneswari Alamelu M
Published: October 2024

Food is very important for human beings in health and disease. To larger extent, human beings struggle to obtain food in day today life . Apart from this food struggle and shortage, the human face nutritional deficiency diseases. The nutritional diseases are protein energy malnutrition, endemic goitre, nutritional anemia, nutritional blindness and other related diseases affects individual life. Functional food plays a vital role in providing essential nutrients to the human and their well-being. The simple meaning of functional food is that food which provide health benefits that is basic nutrients. The basic nutrients include micronutrients and macro nutrients such as vitamins minerals, fat and protein. The concept of functional foods was first developed and introduced in Japan in the mid 1980’s. Since then there is no clear meaning and definition for functional foods. It includes the primary categories of foods like conventional, modified food ingredients. Normally foods are considered as functional when it contains a bio active component and non – nutrients. Bioactive components are nutrients like vitamins, minerals, protein etc., and non- nutrients are phyto chemicals like poly phenols, prebiotic dietary, fibers etc. which affects the individual physiological functions in the body. This improves the well-being and health reduces disease risk and improves the disease outcomes. Thus, functional foods include nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, and medical foods. The consumption of functional food helps to achieve specific health benefits. This functional food leads to follow a healthy dietary pattern. This healthy dietary pattern is important for maintaining optimal health and reduce chronic disease risk. So, an attempt is made to study the functionals foods for better health in India.
Menopause in Athletes - An Overview
Authors: Sivakami P
Published: October 2024

The menopause hit the year mark from one’s final period in the adulthood stage of life. There are three stages of menopause: perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause. Some of the first signs of the transition are often so-called vasomotor symptoms that are associated with a period of self-reflection. Women who exercise can better control and tolerate their symptoms. Menopause presents a great chance to encourage and reintroduce physical activity habits. Methods: Dindigul district was chosen for the study. Fifty women those who were in the age group of 40-60 years were purposively selected for the study. Among them eighteen women were found to be athletes until 30 years of age. Initial rapport was established with the women and the purpose of the study was explained to them. Their doubts were clarified and then the interview was conducted. Results: 40 percent of athelets underwent a number of Physical changes, including decreased muscle mass, bone density, and cardiovascular function. Menopause can also have not a significant impact on athletes (25 percent) by the decline in estrogen and progesterone levels. 60 percent of athletes may also face a lack of support from the athletic community. Nearly 55 percent of athletes are often expected to prioritize their families and careers over their athletic pursuits Athletes should consult with healthcare professionals, including gynecologists and sports medicine specialists, to address their specific needs and develop strategies to navigate menopause while maintaining their athletic performance and overall well-being.