bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic Implants
Authors: Chandran Ajay , Ralte Lalsangliana , Lalremruati  , Raja S. Ramesh , Gokak Kajal V. , Preethanath Reghunathan S. , Babu J. Suresh , Swarnalatha C. , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: March 2023

Dental implants are one of the established treatment protocols to replace/restore lost teeth. The aim of the present case series was to evaluate the efficacy of strategic implants in regard to primary stability, quality of bone, and survival and clinical success in long term. The present case series included 26 patients in an age range of 40–70 years restored with strategic implants following immediate loading protocol. On follow-up, clinical assessment of implant stability was done by the absence of implant mobility and symptoms of pain and dysesthesia, while radiographically, immediate postoperative crestal bone level was compared with that observed on follow-up visits. Furthermore, the integration of apical and/or crestal threads of implants was assessed radiographically for any signs of radiolucency along with healing of sockets and crestal bone levels in relation to abutment margins.
The Assessment of the Need of Online Education during COVID-19 Pandemic for Medical Imaging Students at Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Science
Authors: Anurag Luharia , Mishra Gaurav , Tivaskar Suhas , Chandrashekar Mahakalkar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Currently, India is witnessing another wave of COVID pandemic, where it has drastically disrupted most of the important aspects of human life including education. It has created an unparalleled education test, where campuses are closing and institutions have been transferred to online study protocols at numerous educational institutions worldwide. Internationalization has significantly slowed down. Some 32 crore students in India stopped moving to schools, and all educational practices are temporarily ended. The Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have responded constructively, despite all of those difficulties, ensuring the consistency of teaching, study and contribution to society using those methods, and techniques during the pandemic. This survey study focuses on COVID-19's important impacts on India's HEIs. Some steps are taken to provide smooth education services during the crisis by HEIs, and education authorities in India have been addressed herein.

Aim/Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the need of online education during COVID-19 pandemic for Bachelor of Medical Radiology and Imaging Technology (MRIT) students at Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Science (DMIMS).

Methodology:

A total number of 60 students (includes only MRIT students under Allied Health Science at DMIMS) will be participating in this survey by means of answering the questionnaires, which include open-ended and closed-ended type of question patterns with signed consent from each student, and based on answers, we will be analyzing and interpreting the data for understanding the views of MRIT students.

Expected Results:

The offline mode of study for the Indian education system is more convenient than the online mode of study; however, during the COVID pandemic, Indian education system has adopted the online mode of study.

Conclusions:

Generally speaking, the offline mode of education is preferable than the online mode; however, in this pandemic, students prefer the online mode. There have been several new ways of learning introduced, as well as new prospects and new trends, which have allowed for the development of new ways of teaching learners, which has resulted in the generation of fruitful ideas for educational work in the pandemic.
C-Peptide
Authors: More Neha Vishnu , Samant Parineeta , Rai Sandeep
Published: March 2023

Objective:

C-peptide has been the most technically appropriate and theoretically reasonable substitute for β-cell activity. In equimolar concentration, insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted into the portal circulation.

Methods:

A total of 150 participants of diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and 18–45 years aged were studied. Those diabetics were classified into three groups supported by fasting serum C-peptide (FC) level and low FC cluster comprised participants with FC level <0.6 ng/ml. Intermediate FC group comprised subject with FC level >0.6–1.8 ng/ml and high FC group comprised participants with FC >1.8 ng/ml.

Results:

The cutoff set of C-peptide was taken as 0.3–2.45 ng/ml. The prevalent diabetes among males was 85%–65% female. For the 150 diabetic participants, 18 (12%) were classified as type 1 DM (T1DM), 77 (51.3%) with type 2 DM, and the rest 55 (36.7%) as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults or MODY were perceived. In participants with T1DM, the mean serum C-peptide was slightly lower than in other diabetes forms. Considering the family history of diabetics in our research, detectable C-peptide in people with the family experience of diabetes was identified. Family diabetes history presence was seen in 15.5% of type 1 DM T1DM cases, while 84.5% of the remainder of the cases. Such classification is focused solely on family records and C-peptide rates which are subject to antibody screening, a genetic study for improved identification of the forms of diabetes.

Conclusions:

This result indicates that the diabetes measure C-peptide should be used in scientifically linked diabetes diagnosis, diabetes period, and subject age for appropriately managing persons with diabetes.
Assessing the Change in Occlusal Vertical Dimension in Complete Dentures Prosthesis after Processing
Authors: Nimonkar Sharayu , Belkhode Vikram , Thombare Ram , Singh Yash Pal , Saini Monika , Singh Jagjeet
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Recording of jaw relations is the most important step in complete denture fabrication. One of the main reasons for complete denture failure is the error, in recording the correct vertical dimension of occlusion and its reproduction in final prosthesis.

Methods:

Thirty completely edentulous participants were selected for the study. The physiologic rest position of the mandible was used to record the vertical dimension of occlusion, and denture was fabricated following all the steps meticulously for all the study participants. A lateral cephalograph for each patient was shooted twice one with adjusted wax rims at determined the vertical dimension and another at denture insertion appointment. The comparative evaluation of both the cephalographs for the change in the angle made by two projection lines drawn by joining the orientation landmarks was carried out using the software of all the participants. Data were statistically analyzed using the Student's paired t-test, and software used in the analysis was the SPSS software version 22.0.

Results:

Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) recorded at the Jaw relation stage with OVD in processed complete denture (t = 5.84, P = 0.000).

Conclusion:

The OVD recorded using the physiologic rest position method was found to be increased in the finished complete denture.
Rarest of All – A Case of Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy in an Elderly Woman
Authors: Singh Rohan Kumar , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep , Kashikar Shivali Vaibhav , Patwa Prerna Anup
Published: March 2023

One of the most common causes of mortality of females in the first trimester is ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy can occur at different anatomic locations of which the fallopian tube is most common. Very rarely implantation of blastocyst can occur in the lower uterine segment at the site of the previous transverse cesarean section; this very rare type of ectopic pregnancy is known as cesarean scar pregnancy. Cesarean scar pregnancy is usually associated with the risk of uterine rupture leading to hemorrhage and hence diagnosis at an early stage and a proper management is necessary to avoid any serious complications. We present an interesting case of a 39-year-old elderly woman of G3P2 L2 who complained of amenorrhea for the past 7 weeks. Her urine tested positive for β-human chorionic gonadotropin, and she was further sent for antenatal ultrasound scan to confirm the pregnancy. On transvaginal ultrasound examination, there was a single gestational sac with yolk sac, fetal pole, and cardiac activity seen at the anterior end of the lower uterine segment near the old healed scar of the previous cesarean section corresponding to the gestational age of 6 weeks and 6 days. A diagnosis of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy was made. The woman underwent a laparotomy with excision and termination of the pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy of any location should be promptly diagnosed and adequately treated. In cases where transvaginal ultrasonography is inconclusive, magnetic resonance imaging is performed. Diagnosis is important to avoid any further complications and in young females to preserve fertility.
Experience with Ectopic Pregnancies at the Tertiary Care Center and Lessons Learnt
Authors: Jain Sheela , Somalwar Savita , Dwidmuthe Kanchan Samir
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the life-threatening complications that can occur in any sexually active woman during reproductive age. Changing trends have been observed because of the availability of assisted reproductive techniques, better diagnostic facilities, conservative management approach, newer drugs for medical termination of pregnancy, and newer contraceptives.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study of all cases of ectopic pregnancy managed at the tertiary care center from January 2009 to December 2013. In all, there were 64 cases of ectopic pregnancies. Most of the women were between 20 and 30 years age and all except three were married. Risk factors could be identified in about 50% of women only.

Results:

The classical triad of amenorrhea, pain, and bleeding per vaginum was seen in 28.12% of subjects. Most of them were tubal ectopic pregnancies but we had one case of secondary abdominal pregnancy, two cases of heterotrophic pregnancy, one case of twin tubal pregnancy, and two cases of cornual pregnancy. All the cases were managed by laparotomy. An unsuccessful attempt to terminate a second-trimester pregnancy by the medical method should arouse suspicion of cornual pregnancy.

Conclusion:

History of use of levonorgestrel – emergency contraceptive pills should be looked for apart from other risk factors. Though not mandatory, ultrasonography should be done to rule out ectopic pregnancy, before terminating a pregnancy by the medical method.
The Increased Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in First Trimester Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Centre and the Significance of Universal Screening
Authors: Harshvardhan  , Tomo Sojit , Rawat Ashutosh , Aggarwal Juhi
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Thyroid disorder is the second most common endocrine disorder in pregnancy, after diabetes. The present study was designed to assess the prevalence of thyroid disorder in first trimester in pregnant women in a tertiary care centre.

Materials and Methods:

This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which thyroid hormone levels and Anti- TPO antibodies levels were measured in one hundred and forty two pregnant women. The analytes were measured using Cobas e 411 autoanalyzer which is based on ECLIA principle.

Results:

From our study we found that 51.4% of the pregnant women had thyroid dysfunction. 40.9% of the pregnant women were found to have subclinical hypothyroidism with high TSH levels but normal FT4 levels. Hypothyroidism is diagnosed to be much more common that hyperthyroidism in pregnant women. In addition, 10.5% of our study population was found to have autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase enzyme.

Conclusion:

The increased prevalence of thyroid disorders makes it necessary to start universal screening of pregnant women for thyroid disorders which would help in the early identification and rectification of thyroid disorders in pregnant women. Further, early screening and treatment of thyroid disorders would prevent to a large extent the incidence of thyroid disorders in the newborns, which is one of the leading causes of mental retardation.
To Compare the Analgesic Efficacy Of Wound Infiltration with Bupivacaine and Mixture of Bupivacaine and Tramadol for Postoperative Pain Relief in Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Taksakande Karuna , Movva Haneesha , Rallabandi Saranya , Nasal Roshan , Jhadav Jui , Wankhede Prachi
Published: March 2023

Background:

The cesarean section is one of the common obstetrical surgery. Multimodal techniques can provide the mother with the best pain alleviation. One of the simplest and safest procedure is wound infiltration. The study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of bupivacaine wound infiltration and a mixture of tramadol and bupivacaine for postoperative pain relief.

Materials and Methods:

After receiving approval from the institutional ethics committee, 60 pregnant women aged 18–35 years who had undergone elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were included in the study. The patients were randomized into two groups of 30 each. Group B patients received 0.25% bupivacaine 0.7 mg/kg (diluted to 20 ml with normal saline), while group BT patients received 2 mg/kg tramadol mixed with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.7 mg/kg (diluted to 20 ml with normal saline). Time to first analgesia request, pain score by visual analogue scale, and diclofenac consumption in 24 h were compared. Adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, and shivering were also noted.

Results:

The time to the first request for analgesia in Group T was 386.17 ± 233.84 min compared to Group B which was 192.50 ± 134.77 (P < 0.0002). Total diclofenac consumption in the first 24 h was significantly reduced in Group T compared to Group B (P < 0.0068).

Conclusions:

Subcutaneous infiltration of the wound with tramadol and bupivacaine prolongs the absence of pain and the consumption of analgesics after cesarean section and at the same time increases patient satisfaction.
Lower Gingivobuccal Sulcus Malignancy
Authors: Pavanan Asish , Phatak Suresh , Harshith Gowda K. B. , Unadkat Bhavik
Published: March 2023

Lower gingivobuccal (GB) malignant tumors are very common in India due to tobacco chewing. Elastography is a recent advance in ultrasound technology having a great role in cancer management. We are presenting a case report of lower GB cancer and imaging finding on USG computed tomography and elastography with pathological correlation.
Imaging of Congestive Hepatopathy Ultrasound and Doppler Findings
Authors: Unadkat Bhavik , Phatak Suresh , Pavanan Asish , Pattabiraman Suhasini
Published: March 2023

Congestive hepatopathy has characteristic features on ultrasound and Doppler imaging; we are presenting the case of a 30-year-old female patient a known case of rheumatic heart disease with severe mitral stenosis with severe tricuspid stenosis with tricuspid regurgitation with congestive cardiac failure and anemia. Important ultrasound and Doppler imaging features are described.
Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Patient of Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis
Authors: Ahmad Bashar Imam , Karmakar Anindya Sundar , Imam Siddiqui Mohammad Shafat
Published: March 2023

Background:

In recent decades, the overlap between thyroid abnormalities and renal diseases has been a serious concern. Thyroid hormones are required for the kidney's embryological development and growth. On the other hand, thyroid hormone metabolism, degradation, and elimination are all influenced by the kidney. It has been discovered that people with kidney disease, particularly those on dialysis, have a significant prevalence of thyroid abnormalities.

Subjects and Methods:

Total of 89 patients had hemodialysis dialysis at the IQ City Medical College and Hospital during the study period. Patients with thyroid disorders, taking thyroid hormones, having a thyroidotomy, and having a family history of thyroid disorders were excluded, as were patients on thyroid-affecting medications (amiodarone, glucocorticoids >50 mg, phenytoin, or lithium), patients under the age of 20, and patients who had recently undergone contrast imaging.

Results:

Dialysis patients were on average 57.6 14.5 years old. We discovered 15 (16.9%) hypothyroid patients among the 89 participants included in this study. There were 8.9% of people with overt hypothyroidism and 7.8% with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Only one patient (1.1%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism, while none of the others had overt hyperthyroidism. The baseline characteristics of euthyroid with overt hypothyroidism and SCH hypothyroidism patients were studied. When compared to euthyroid patients, no significant differences in age, gender, dialysis duration, weight, or comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes) were detected. As for laboratory variables, creatinine was significantly lower in overt hypothyroid patients compared to euthyroid patients (P = 0.01) and we also detected a significant difference between SCH and euthyroid in bicarbonate level (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Hypothyroidism, including SCH and overt hypothyroidism, was common among dialysis patients. Even with euthyroid dialysis patients, hypothyroidism symptoms are common. Because of the overlap between End-stage renal disease (ESRD) symptoms and hypothyroidism, identification of hypothyroidism is challenging, and it is commonly ignored in the ESRD population. Early detection and treatment of hypothyroidism protect the patient's health from deteriorating and increases their chances of survival.
Association between Blood Group and COVID-19
Authors: Thenmozhi P. , Sudhanya T. , Gnanarubi R. Sona
Published: March 2023

Context:

COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease and blood group has an influence on the susceptibility of infectious diseases including COVID-19.

Aim:

The present study was conducted with the aim to observe the association of ABO blood groups with COVID-19.

Setting and Design:

A nonexperimental hospital-based case–control research design was adopted to conduct the study with 200 COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria.

Subjects and Methods:

Informed consent was obtained from the participants after explained the purpose of the study. Data were collected by interview method using a structured questionnaire and medical record was also utilized to collect the data. The collected data were prepared for analysis using Microsoft Excel.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Both descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data using the software SPSS 16 version.

Results:

The results of the study revealed that out of 200 participants, 83 (42.5%) belonged to A+, 68 (33%) belonged to B+, 7 (14%) belonged to O+, 18 (9%) belonged to AB +, and 4 (%) belonged to A-blood group.

Conclusion:

The findings of the current study concluded that the prevalence rate of COVID-19 was higher among non-O blood group than in the O blood group and the blood group is associated with the severity of illness. Despite further studies on the individuals with confirmed exposure to COVID-19 infection should be conducted with large samples to generalize the findings.
Perceived Medium-Term Influence of a Medical Humanities Module on Medical Students and Faculties
Authors: Shankar Pathiyil Ravi , Palaian Subish , Gyawali Sudesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

A voluntary medical humanities (MH) module was offered at a Nepalese medical school in 2007. The present study was conducted to study the perspectives of participating faculty and the then students about the module and its perceived influence on their professional life.

Methods:

The faculty participants were interviewed online from February to May 2021 after obtaining written informed consent and ethical approval. Transcripts generated were shared with the participants. Mainly deductive method of thematic analysis was employed. The areas addressed were what in their opinion were the strengths of the module and the areas which may require improvement, the perceived impact of the module on their professional lives, and their opinion about teaching–learning of MH in Nepal and South Asia. Feedback from the student participants was obtained from December 2020 to February 2021 using an online questionnaire addressing similar areas.

Results:

Four faculty members and 12 students responded. The informal and relaxed atmosphere during the sessions and the use of role-plays, paintings, and literature excerpts were the strengths. Obtaining informed consent, supporting family caregivers, and modules for other health science students were recommended. The module provided a new perspective on teaching–learning, improved their skills of explaining topics to patients, and developed their team working skills. They wanted MH to be included in the undergraduate medical curriculum in Nepal. Certain role plays and paintings were still remembered. MH is becoming more important during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion:

The faculty and students continue to have a positive perception of the module. The module was perceived to have influenced different aspects of their professional life.
Evaluation of Biochemical and Hematological Profile Changes in Cancer Patients Pre- and Postchemotherapy Treatment
Authors: Mohanty Swodeep , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Pradhan Tapaswini , Gauda Resma Manjari , Panda Krupa Sindhu
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cancer is the world's most hazardous and severe disease in the 21st century, and it is the world's second-largest cause of death. A patient's cancer therapy is decided by the stage of cancer at diagnosis, the type and location of cancer, and the patient's country's normal medical procedures and treatment recommendations. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are just a few of the cancer treatment options accessible. However, these treatments are rarely curative and might cause a variety of negative effects in individuals.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective observational study was carried out in Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, Odisha. Prechemotherapy hematological profiles: laboratory results of hematological profiles at the time of cancer diagnosis. Postchemotherapy hematological profiles: laboratory results of hematological profiles following the completion of Phase 4 chemotherapy treatments.

Results:

There were 97 males (41.27%) and 138 females (58.72%) in the group. Breast cancer, lymphoma, and sarcoma were the most common kinds of cancer in this study, accounting for 37.44%, 25.1%, and 11.06%, respectively. Stage II was found in 8.93% of the study participants, 62.12% in stage III, and 28.93% in stage IV, but no stage I was found.

Conclusion:

Postchemotherapy hematological profiles, with the exception of lymphocytes, were found to be considerably lower than prechemotherapy. Biochemical profiles such as urea and creatinine reduced insignificantly, but aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels increased nonsignificantly after treatment compared to before.
Evaluation of Serum Adropin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Correlation with Insulin Resistance
Authors: Shah Niranjan , Anand Pallavi , Kumar Shrawan , Kulkarni Pawan Arun
Published: March 2023

Background:

Adropin has been revealed to be a powerful regulatory hormone involved in insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 100 subjects were included in the study, out of which 50 were type 2 diabetic patients and 50 were healthy subjects as controls. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was defined using the American Diabetes Association criteria. Controls were recruited from healthy men who were visited by endocrinologists of the same clinic and were excluded if they had a history of diabetes mellitus in their first-degree relatives.

Results:

There were significant differences regarding body mass index of diabetic patients and healthy controls. T2DM patients had expectedly significantly lower fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001) and decreased insulin level in type 2 diabetic patients.

Conclusion:

Adropin level was found to be significantly lower in type 2 diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects. Adropin was inversely correlated with FBS in type 2 diabetic patients and was also negatively correlated with HOMA-IR.
A Cross-Sectional Survey of Community Pharmacist's Knowledge, Behavior and Attitude Toward Antibiotic Dispensation, Southern Karnataka, India
Authors: Bhardwaj Khyati , Shenoy M. Suchitra , Baliga Shrikala , Unnikrishnan B.
Published: March 2023

Aim:

The study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude/perceptions, and behavior of the community pharmacists in the Southern Karnataka district.

Settings and Design:

The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted with the help of a questionnaire containing open and close-ended questions and Likert-scale-based response items.

Materials and Methods:

Questionnaires were distributed to pharmacists by simple random sampling.

Statistical Analysis:

The data were analyzed by Fisher's test and Chi-square test for association between knowledge, attitude, and practices and sociodemographic categories.

Results:

Majority of the pharmacists considered the use of antibiotics in livestock and agriculture as the reason for antibiotic resistance. All of the pharmacists agreed that refusing to dispense antibiotics without prescription will negatively hit sales.

Conclusion:

It is imperative to educate pharmacists about rules and regulations regarding antibiotic dispensation. They need to be sensitized about the negative impact of nonprescription antibiotic use on antibiotic resistance and public health.
Analysis of Antifungal and Antimicrobial Properties of Functionalized Denture Base Materials Using Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Jaiswal Tanvi , Pisulkar Sweta Kale , Kambala Seema Sathe
Published: March 2023

To evaluate the antifungal and antimicrobial property of chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) incorporated in denture base published in the literature, for rehabilitating the patient with removable prosthesis. This systematic review was conducted as per the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines which is the most opted reporting protocol. A protocol was developed prior, which covered all the aspects of the review. Electronic database PubMed and Cochrane library were searched. The Population, Intervention, control and outcomes (PICO) model included the studies in which patients rehabilitated with removable dental prosthesis. An electronic search was conducted comprised of peer review restricted to the English language dental to identify the relevant scientific article on CS NP in dental prosthesis. A hand search was also carried out the result being the selection of six articles that were considered in this systematic review. Qualitative analysis. The documented 5 articles associated with the incorporated CS NP were reviewed systematically. CS incorporated prosthesis helps in minimizing fungal and bacterial colonization; findings of all studies confirmed the inhibitory effect of nano-CS particles on biofilm formation.
One Health Approach Prevents Future Pandemics
Authors: Shingankar Sneha , Ugemuge Pratiksha
Published: March 2023

The impact that one health (OH) concept can have on the worldwide response to the COVID-19 pandemic is significant. We highlight four areas where the use of OH has the potential to greatly improve infectious disease governance in general, and COVID-19 governance in particular. For starters, a better-integrated surveillance infrastructure and monitoring of the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals can make it easier to discover emerging infectious agents with comparable genotypes across species and track their spatiotemporal spread. This information can help public and animal health officials plan effective responses. Second, using the OH approach can help stakeholders representing seemingly conflicting domains coordinate and collaborate more effectively. Third, the OH approach emphasizes the importance of a strong institutional environment that allows for sufficient regulation of hotspots for infectious disease transmission between people and animals, such as live animal marketplaces. Finally, OH thinking emphasizes the need for equitable solutions to infectious disease challenges, implying that policy response mechanisms and interventions should take into account illness burdens faced disproportionately by vulnerable and marginalized people, as well as those helping sick people with health treatment and other important services. Within the “One World – One Health” strategy, four major components can be identified as crucial elements: the geographical component, the ecological component, human activities, and food agriculture activities. We go over what we know about infections that emerge, the hosts they come from, and the circumstances that cause them to develop. We explore the obstacles to their control as well as innovative tactics for predicting pandemics, focusing surveillance on the most critical interfaces, and developing prevention strategies.
Effect of Lockdown on Mental Health of Daily wage Workers
Authors: Banjari Sachin , Sahu Tokeshwar
Published: March 2023

The pandemic of the coronavirus is having a significant influence on the daily wage society's living standards. This study reveals around the standard of living for daily wagers during the blocking period. Affecting not only human lives but also the economy and way of life. The economically disadvantaged and vulnerable groups have borne the brunt of the population's hardship. Within India, a large number of people earn daily pay for basic jobs in the service, sales, construction, and household industries. In general, they face discrimination, exploitation of workers' rights, and employment insecurity. COVID-19 has brought these issues to a new level of prominence. The country's highest court took notice of the situation and directed the governments to address the daily wage employees' immediate requirements. During the ongoing COVID pandemic, this article seeks to highlight the mental health issues of daily wage workers in many occupations. The postconcludes with several suggestions. This is a review article we use many references and their methodology to make our article. We use two brief screening instruments: The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2. Both of these scales have been successfully used to screen for sadness and nervousness in various studies.
Status of Adiponectin and hs-C-reactive Protein in Metabolic Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sharma Sanat Dash , Acharya Madhusmita , Yadav Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia, is a common basis for atherosclerotic vascular diseases in industrial countries exposed to overnutrition. Adiponectin is an adipose-derived plasma protein with anti-atherogenic and insulin-sensitizing activities.

Materials and Methods:

There were 46 subjects with MetS and 46 control groups. Mean serum level of adiponectin and high sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) were lower and higher in subjects with MetS than control groups, respectively.

Results:

The serum adiponectin in the cases 2.43 ± 0.83 μg/ml was lower compared to the controls 7.54 ± 0.94 μg/ml (P value was 0.001), the difference was statistically significant. The serum hs-CRP in the cases 3.8 ± 1.26 μg/ml was lower compared to the controls 1.4 ± 0.74 μg/ml (P value was 0.001), the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The high hs-CRP and low adiponectin have a positive and negative relationship with certain MetS components. High sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was found to have a stronger link to the MetS than adiponectin. It appears that high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) may be a substantial risk factor for MetS. In contrast to prior findings, this study suggests that hs-CRP is more relevant than adiponectin as a diagnostic biomarker for MetS. These variations could be related to changes in lifestyle and food habits among Sambalpur residents with MetS.
Association between Severity of Ultrasonographic Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiometabolic Risk in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Dash Prafulla Kumar , Mohan Potapragoda Venkat , Mohanty Nihar Ranjan , Jena Sukanta Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a term used to describe a category of liver illnesses that include everything from mild steatosis to cirrhosis. Fatty liver disease is a global problem that affects people all over the world.

Materials and Methods:

We enrolled 115 individuals in this trial after removing those with a history of alcohol consumption. Male and female patients aged 19 and up were included in the study only after the patient gave their informed consent.

Results:

115 individuals (72 [62.6%] males and 43 [37.3%] females) with an average age of 46.6 were evaluated. Patients over the age of 19 who had been identified with fatty liver by ultrasonography and had no history of alcohol intake were included in the study. Males were 46.2 years old on average, whereas females were 43.5 years old. The majority of the patients were in the 45–55 age range (33.9%), followed by 35–45 (26.1%) and 55–65 years old (20.9%).

Conclusion:

Fatty liver was more common in men of 45–55 years of age. The use of ultrasound to grade the severity of NAFLD is linked to anomalies in patients' metabolic profiles. Based on ultrasound, the Federal Reserve System is linked to increased NAFLD severity.
The Variation of Neutrophil Count at Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Periodontally Healthy Females
Authors: Hajare Aishwarya , Shetty Prashanth , Jadhav Varsha , Yadav Seema , Pardeshi Preeti , Patel Sabiha
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

The effect of different levels of sex hormones in the body is to bring out changes in every part of the body. The changes occurring in periodontium under the influence of female sex hormones during menstrual cycle is important from the perspective of periodontal health.

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to compare the neutrophil count at different time points during menstrual cycle in GCF and to compare the neutrophil count with clinical parameters.

Materials and Method:

Fifty five periodontally healthy women with regular menstrual cycle were included in the study. Clinical parameters recorded were Gingival bleeding index (GBI) and the Modified Gingival index (MGI) at each phase of menstrual cycle(Ovulatory phase OP, Menstrual phase MH and Premenstruation phase PMP). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at each study phase for analysis ofneutrophil count.

Results:

Both the GBI and the MGI increased remarkably during the menstrual cycle, and were significantly higher during ovulation than in menstruation and premenstruation phase. The level of neutrophils increased during the different phases of menstrual cycle, highest count being observed during the ovulatory phase.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that periodontal health is altered during different phases of menstrual cycle.
A Case Report of a 12-year-old Girl with Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Puranik Akhila , Siroya Vaishnavi V. , Fernandes Lynn , Gandhi Bhavna , Bele Ashish Wasudeorao , Qureshi Irshad
Published: March 2023

Congenital heart and vessel malformations occur in 5–8 per 1000 live births, resulting in an occurrence of around 0.7%. Some of these malformations (10%–15%) do not need correction. The key aims of recovery are to remove impairments, disabilities, and disabilities, improve quality of life (QOL), and minimize disease-related morbidity and postoperative disease. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise programs of 2 weeks on the outcomes of functional capacity and QOL in a postoperative surgery. A 12-year ventricular septal defect survivor underwent primary treatment consisting of open-heart surgery. The patient was given an exercise program comprising techniques of clearance, re-expansion maneuver, vibration, percussion, compression, manual hyperinflation, positioning, postural drainage, cough stimulation, aspiration, breathing exercise, and increased expiratory flow mobilization. For 2 week (three times/day), functional capacity and QOL were measured before and after completion of the exercise program. Considerable improvement in functional capacity and QOL was observed after 2 weeks of the multiple techniques and exercise intervention. The complementation intervention was found to be effective for improving various physiological aspects associated with open-heart surgery. This case study concluded that the complementation intervention was effective for improving various physiological aspects associated with open-heart surgery including QOL.
Unhealthy food consumption patterns among Indians: A qualitative analysis based on parliamentary questions documented between 2001 and 2021
Authors: Gauthaman Jeevitha
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

From the dawn of the 21st century, there has been an exponential increase in junk food consumption among Indians. The Indian parliament holds periodic question and answer sessions wherein several key issues of the nation are discussed by representatives across the country.

Materials and Methods:

Questions pertaining to junk foods and soft drinks that were documented between January 2001 and July 2021 in both houses of the parliament were included in the study. They were organized using MaxQDA software. Thematic analysis of the questions was done using Braun and Clarke’s phases for thematic analysis.

Results:

A total of 424 questions (0.08%) were asked collectively on junk foods including soft drinks in both the houses of which 160 questions (0.03%) were exclusively on junk food and 264 questions (0.05%) were on soft drinks respectively. Out of a total of 28,240 questions asked on all topics across both houses to the MOHFW, a total of 166 questions (0.6 %) were on junk food and soft drinks. Only 84 unique parliamentarians from 21 states have raised their voices on the present topic of concern.

Conclusion:

A majority of questions were on the adverse effects of junk food and soft drinks. Though there has been consistency in certain states on raising their voices on this topic, around 12 states/union territories failed to represent this issue even once. Further discussions have to be raised under the themes of food poisoning due to junk foods, marketing regulations, stricter media/advertisement regulations and future research objectivess.
Evaluation of the accuracy of digital and conventional implant-level impression techniques for maxillofacial prosthesis
Authors: Baghani Mohammad Taghi , Neshati Ammar , Sadafi Mehdi , Shidfar Shireen
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of digital impression making based on trueness and precision measurements of dental implants placed in maxillofacial lesions to produce Maxillofacial prosthesis substructures.

Methods:

Two intra-oral scanners (Trios 3 and CS 3700) and one Desktop scanner (open technology) were examined in this study. A Model of a patient with a lesion in the ear region was created as a reference. The reference model was scanned by each scanner 10 times. Standard Tessellation Language files were provided from each scanner and were examined in terms of Trueness and Precision aspects.

Results:

In Distance 1, in the one-way analysis of variance test, there was a significant difference between the three scanners. The Trios group has less deviation than the Open Technology group (P = 0.015) compared with the CareStream (CS) group that showed more deviation (P < 0.000). There is a statistically significant difference in distance 2 among scanners. The Trios group showed more deviation as compared with the Open Technology group (P < 0.000). While this deviation is not statistically significant compared with the CS group (P = 0.0907). Open Technology Group compared with the CS group also has less deviation in distance 2, which has been statistically significant (P < 0.000). The preparation of a precise model of maxillofacial lesions is still difficult for some Intraoral scanners.

Conclusion:

There were significant statistical differences in Trueness and Precision among scanners. Used scanners can be applied as an alternative to conventional impression methods.
Urinary retention triggered by dimenhydrinate: A case report
Authors: Finsterer Josef
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

The antihistamine dimenhydrinate as the trigger of acute urinary retention has not been reported. A 35-year-old female with a long-term history of depression treated with sertraline (150 mg/d) since years developed acute urinary retention after having received 100 mg dimenhydrinate intravenously for excessive, postural vertigo. Urinary retention required placement of a disposable catheter, which halted 1.6 liter of urine. Since urinary retention persisted, she received a permanent catheter, which initially halted another 1.2 liter of urine. Urinary retention resolved spontaneously within 48 hours, and the patient was discharged with her previous medication. This case shows that intravenous dimenhydrinate can trigger the development of acute urinary retention in patients under long-term treatment with sertraline, which is why it should be given with caution in this group of patients.
The effect of conjugated estrogens vaginal cream and a combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome
Authors: Radnia Nahid , Hosseini Seyedeh Tahereh , Vafaei Seyed Yaser , Pirdehghan Azar , Mehrabadi Narges Lotfalizadeh
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim:

Genitourinary syndrome occurs due to a decrease in ovarian hormones; this can have a significant negative impact on women’s interpersonal relationships and sexual function. The present study aimed at comparing the therapeutic effect of conjugated estrogens vaginal cream and a combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Methods:

This study was conducted as a double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT). As many as 64 postmenopausal women suffering from genitourinary syndrome were randomly divided into study and control groups. The study group was treated with a combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E, and the control group was treated with conjugated estrogens vaginal creams for 12 weeks. The patients were visited at the beginning of being admitted, the fourth week, the 12thweek, and four weeks after the treatment and their information was recorded by checklists and a sexual function questionnaire. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS-25 at a significant level of 0.05.

Result:

At four visits, libido, orgasm, and frequency of sexual intercourses, as well as vaginal symptoms such as burning, itching, dryness, and dyspareunia were improved in both groups (P<.05). However, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of the frequency of severity of these symptoms during the four visits (P>.05). Investigating the female sexual function index showed that using vitamin D and E vaginal creams, like the use of conjugated estrogens vaginal creams, improves sexual function in women (P<.01).

Conclusion:

According to the results, it can be concluded that the combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E is a suitable alternative to vaginal estrogens in relieving the symptoms of genitourinary syndrome in postmenopausal women, especially those who are unable to use hormone therapy or have little compatibility with this therapy.
Platelet indices as an accouterment for monitoring short-term glycemic levels and as an economical alternative to HbA1c
Authors: Reddy Kotha Sugunakar , Bentoor SanjeevKumar N. , Sakthivadivel Varatharajan
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

India is facing a galloping diabetes epidemic with an estimated 62 million patients and is projected to explode beyond 85 million by the year 2030. There is platelet dysfunction with platelet hyper-reactivity in diabetes mellitus.

Aim:

To assess for any correlation between HbA1c levels with various platelet indices like mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR).

Material and Methods:

Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, diabetes mellitus patients have undergone detailed history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations. Data is statistically analyzed for levels of HbA1c and their correlation to platelet indices.

Results:

58.7% study population is with HbA1c levels of more than 8%. In patients with normal range HbA1c levels between 4-6%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are found to be 9.9 ± 0.97 fl, 10.84 ± 2.08 fl, and 23.75 ± 7.99%, respectively. In patients with HbA1c levels of 6.1 to 7%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are found to be 10.22 ± 1.04 fl, 11.79 ± 1.8 fl, and 26.36 ± 7.05%, respectively. In patients with HbA1c levels of 7.1 to 8%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR values are found to be 10.21 ± 1.06 fl, 12.03 ± 2.52 fl, and 26.65 ± 8.05%, respectively. In patients with poor glycemic control with HbA1c levels more than 8%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are found to be 10.64 ± 1.1 fl, 12.81 ± 2.61 fl, and 30.26 ± 8.24%, respectively.

Conclusion:

In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, HbA1c is positively correlated with platelet indices.
Trauma care systems in healthcare facilities of an Indian District: Assessment and future directions
Authors: Sukumar Gautham Melur , Ghosh Soumalya , Gururaj Gopalkrishna
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

With a long-term vision to strengthen the evidence-based trauma care programme in the Kolar district, an objective assessment and grading of the trauma care system (TCS) in public and private hospitals was undertaken.

Methods:

This cross-sectional assessment used a specifically developed TCS assessment tool to collect data from all Level 2, 3, and 4 hospitals in the Kolar district using a review of records, observation of facilities, and interviews with stakeholders. Data were collected regarding macro areas, human resources, infrastructure, equipment, and drugs in ER, in an objective manner. TCS was scored and compared against criteria set in WHO essential guidelines for Trauma Care. The functioning of TCS was expressed as ‘percentage of expected standards’ and graded accordingly. Ethical clearance and informed consent were obtained.

Results:

All available and eligible Level 2, 3, and 4 hospitals in the district (39 hospitals) covering the public and private sector were assessed. TCS in Level 2 and 3 hospitals was functioning at 56% and 59% of expected standards, respectively. TCS was better in Level 4 hospitals, at 83% of expected standards. Scores were lower for macro areas and human resources.

Conclusion:

TCS in the district is functioning sub-par to expected standards. There is a need for comprehensive strengthening of TCS in both public and private healthcare facilities, especially in macro areas and human resources. Systematic monitoring and periodical TCS assessments are recommended at district levels throughout the country for improved outcomes in India.