bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DERMATOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES: A GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN
Authors: Ahmad Ibne Yousaf`  , Qaswara Affaf  , Azzah Khadim Hussain  , Maya Bint Yousaf  , Syed Younus Ali  , Kashif Khattak  , Summer Rashid  , Ayesha Bint Yousaf
Published: December 2024

Background: Infectious diseases pose a persistent global public health challenge, with dermatological symptoms often serving as pivotal indicators of underlying infections. Recognizing and understanding these manifestations are essential for timely diagnosis, management, and prevention.
Objective: This narrative review explores the intricate interplay between dermatological manifestations and infectious diseases, shedding light on their pathogenesis, clinical presentations, and epidemiological significance.
Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to assess the roles of bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections in dermatological presentations. The analysis also included the influence of socioeconomic factors, emerging infectious diseases, and antibiotic resistance on the burden of skin-related conditions.
Results: Skin changes, including rashes, ulcers, and lesions, frequently act as early markers of systemic infections, providing crucial clues for rapid intervention. Conditions such as erythema migrans in Lyme disease, maculopapular rashes in measles and dengue, and vesicular eruptions in herpes simplex highlight the diagnostic significance of dermatological symptoms. Emerging infections like COVID-19 and monkeypox further emphasize the evolving landscape of infectious dermatology. The socioeconomic impact of these conditions, compounded by stigma and healthcare disparities, underscores the urgent need for integrated approaches in their management.
Conclusion: The review underscores the importance of heightened awareness among healthcare providers and the integration of dermatological assessments into global disease surveillance systems. Strengthening these efforts will enhance patient outcomes and support the development of more effective public health strategies.
ASSOCIATION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN WITH WEIGHT LIFTING IN CONSTRUCTION WORKERS OF LAHORE
Authors: Khan Amna , Zafar Aashra , Karim Ayesha , Zafar Easha , Munir Waqas , Mehmood M. Talha
Published: December 2024

Background: Globally, musculoskeletal pain is the primary cause of disability and affects the muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and bones. Workers who perform physically demanding jobs, such as heavy lifting and manual handling, are especially vulnerable to musculoskeletal problems related to their jobs.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and association of musculoskeletal pain with manual weightlifting among construction workers, aiming to identify risk factors and recommend preventive strategies.
Methods: This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and its association with weightlifting among laborers. A total of 147 male construction workers, aged 18 to 40, who performed weight-bearing duties, had at least a year of experience, and lifted more than ten kg, participated in the cross-sectional observational study. Data was collected from the construction areas in Wapda Town and Johar Town in Lahore. Consent was acquired, the data collection involved utilizing the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) alongside the Quick Exposure Check (QEC).
Result: Data analysis was performed using SPSS-25, results revealed an average height of 1.697 m, weight of 62.38 kg, age of 30.23 years, and BMI of 21.74. Five people achieved a score of 30 on the NMQ assessment, and almost 8% of participants received a score of 23 on the NMQ assessment. The QEC assessment indicated varying discomfort levels among participants. A significant positive correlation (p<0.003) was found between manual weightlifting and musculoskeletal pain in laborers.
Conclusion: This study showed that manual weightlifters had an increased chance of developing musculoskeletal pain, especially in the hands, shoulders, and low back. These findings highlight the significance of improving workplace health and safety protocols.
COMPARISON OF MCKENZIE EXERCISE PROGRAM VERSUS ROUTINE PHYSICAL THERAPY MANAGEMENT ON PAIN, RANGE OF MOTION AND FUNCTION WITH CHRONIC MECHANICAL NECK PAIN
Authors: Nasir Zanam , Rehman Saif Ur , Ali Aamir , Shafi Sadia
Published: December 2024

Background: Neck pain is a key public health issue that affects the human beings with reduction productivity and quality of life and produced significant socioeconomic burden on society. It is necessary to raise public awareness about risk factors and preventive treatments of chronic neck pain.  Neck pain is fairly common and has a significant impact on a person's quality of life. According to Statistics, neck issues also contribute significantly to occupational illness and disability. This study aims to assess the frequency of neck pain, decreased range of motion, and disability among chronic neck pain with the goal of raising awareness about the risks and promoting preventative measures, such as ergonomic design, postural re- education, and regular exercise.
Objective: The aim of this study is to Comparison of McKenzie Exercise Program Versus Routine Physical Therapy Management on Pain, Range of Motion and Function with Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 50 patients with chronic neck pain. Subjects were randomly divided into two interventional groups where group A received Routine physical therapy (joint mobilization, Hot pack and home exercise program) and McKenzie exercise group B received Routine physical therapy for total duration 12 week. Outcome measure such as pain, function and range of motion will be assessed by NPRS, NDI and Goniometer respectively. Assessment will be done at 4th, 6th and 12th week.
Results: 50 participants with mean age 46.2±5.9 years while BMI of participant with standard deviation was 21.4±2.6. Normality of data which was analyzed by Shapiro-Walk test comparing variables such as NPRS, NDI and ROM. For NPRS p value was <0.05 which showed that data was not normally distributed and non-parametric test were used for this variable to show difference like Fried Man test for within group analysis and Man Whitney test for between group analysis. But for NDI and ROM p value was >0.05 which showed that data was normally distributed and parametric tests such as Repeated measure ANOVA for within group analysis and Mixed Model ANOVA for between group analysis were used.
Conclusion: It is concluded that both groups are equally effective in management of chronic neck pain based on P > 0.05 between group analysis and within group analysis But McKenzie exercises have a great effect on pain relief, Improvement in range of motion and Disability.
Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Hairdressers and Beauticians in Peshawar: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ullah Wajahat , Zainab Rida E , Ayaz Aqsa , Naeem Rabia , Khattak Shahbaz , Ullah Inayat
Published: December 2024

Background: This study examined the prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) among hairdressers and beauticians in Peshawar, specifically targeting the areas of Hayatabad, University Town, and Peshawar Saddar.
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among hairdressers and beauticians in Peshawar, focusing on associated risk factors and impacts on occupational health.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, surveying a total of 340 participants, including 179 males and 161 females.
Results: The findings revealed a high prevalence of WRMSDs, with 73.8% of respondents reporting various musculoskeletal conditions. The most reported areas of pain were the ankles (62.1%), followed by the lower back (56.5%), hands/wrists (35.0%), and shoulders (34.4%). Other frequently affected areas included the neck, upper back, hips/thighs, knees, and elbows. Musculoskeletal symptoms had varying impacts on work performance, with 8.5% of respondents reporting no impact, 40.0% reporting a slight impact, 31.8% reporting a moderate impact, 13.2% reporting a high impact, and 6.5% reporting a severe impact.
Conclusion: The study found a significant association between repetitive tasks involving awkward postures and work-related stress contributing to musculoskeletal symptoms. Among the 340 participants, 283 reported both work-related stress and repetitive awkward postures as contributors to musculoskeletal symptoms, while only 7 participants reported neither. These findings suggest that repetitive tasks involving awkward postures are significantly associated with stress-related musculoskeletal symptoms among hairdressers and beauticians.
OUTCOMES OF STROKE SURVIVORS USING STROKE IMPACT SCALE FOR THE PATIENTS AT RAFSAN NEURO-REHAB CENTER
Authors: Rehman Gohar , Asif Tuseef Muhammad , Zeshan Ahmad Muhammad , Riaz Hifza , Ahmed Nazir , Kanwal Rabia , Ilyas Muhammad , Imtiaz Rafia
Published: December 2024

Background: Stroke is a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality, significantly affecting survivors' quality of life (QOL) due to physical and psychological disabilities. These disabilities often result in long-term functional impairments, limiting independence and daily activities. Aging and gender are critical factors influencing stroke recovery, with physical domains particularly impacted in the elderly. Addressing modifiable risk factors is essential to minimize the adverse effects of stroke and improve the quality of life for survivors.
Objective: To assess the outcomes of stroke survivors using the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) at Rafsan Neuro-Rehab Center.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Rafsan Neuro-Rehab Center from April to September 2024. A total of 118 stroke survivors aged 40–65 years, who experienced a stroke within the last 2–12 months, were included through convenience sampling. Patients with cognitive deficits or other neurological conditions were excluded. The Stroke Impact Scale was used to assess eight QOL domains, and SPSS 22 was employed for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret the data.
Results: The mean age of participants was 57.36±6.65 years, with 44.1% aged 45–55 years and 55.9% aged 56–70 years. Physical function (Domain 1) significantly correlated with age group (p=0.014), stroke onset (p=0.001), and stroke type (p=0.002). The average stroke recovery score was 29.06±16.99, with 23.7% achieving 10% recovery and 28% achieving 20% recovery. Other domains, including mood and emotions and community reintegration, were notably impacted, with significant disparities observed between genders.
Conclusion: Stroke profoundly impacts the quality of life, with the psychological and physical domains being most affected. Addressing modifiable risk factors and implementing age- and gender-sensitive rehabilitation strategies is crucial for improving recovery outcomes and overall QOL for stroke survivors.
الفعالية في استخدام الوسائط السمعية البصرية في تحسين مهارات الكلام باللغة العربية
Authors: Muhammad Zaki Aditya  , Diva Rahima Wafdah
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه البحثة إلى معرفة فعالية استخدام الوسائط السمعية البصرية في تحسين مهارات الكلام باللغة العربية. شارك في الدراسة ٢٧طالبًا من قسم تعليم اللغة العربية الذين يدرسون مادة مهارات الكلام. تم إجراء الدراسة خلال فصل دراسي كامل باستخدام المنهج الكمي وتصميم الاختبار القبلي والبعدي. في تطبيقها، تم استخدام الوسائط السمعية البصرية على شكل مقاطع فيديو حوارية باللغة العربية تتناول مواقف يومية قريبة من حياة الطلاب. تم تصميم محتوى التعلم بشكل منظم يشمل مواضيع مثل التعريف بالنفس، وطرح أسئلة الاتجاهات، والتسوق في السوق. لقياس فعالية التعلم، تم جمع البيانات من خلال اختبار التحدث الذي أُجري قبل وبعد استخدام الوسائط السمعية البصرية. قُيم الاختبار في ثلاثة جوانب رئيسية هي الطلاقة، والنطق، واستخدام المفردات. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة نتائج مشجعة مع زيادة في متوسط درجات مهارات الكلام لدى الطلاب بعد استخدام الوسائط السمعية البصرية. والأهم من ذلك، فقد قدم غالبية الطلاب ردود فعل إيجابية بشأن استخدام هذه الوسائط في عملية التعلم، وأشاروا إلى زيادة في الدافعية والثقة بالنفس عند التحدث باللغة العربية.
EXPLORING EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT THROUGH INDUCTIVE ANALYSIS:
Authors: Nuriman Nuriman , Yusnaini  , Setiawan
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the challenges faced by students in completing academic reports, particularly in anthropology, sociology, and education. Despite the growing importance of quality academic writing, students often struggle with proper documentation, leading to incomplete or inaccurate reports. A key gap identified is the lack of a systematic approach to understanding these issues, especially in the context of methodological challenges in academic reporting. The study employs a qualitative method with an inductive approach, utilizing documentation techniques and content analysis. Data was collected from various sources, including published and unpublished academic documents such as theses, dissertations, research papers, and books. Triangulation through peer discussions and document analysis ensured the reliability and validity of the findings. The research identifies common issues in academic reporting, including difficulties in structuring research and presenting findings clearly. It also highlights the role of proper documentation in enhancing the quality of academic work. The study recommends that academic institutions implement structured writing workshops and emphasize proper documentation techniques. Additionally, students should be trained in effective research methodologies and document handling. This research has significant implications for improving academic writing practices and methodologies in higher education, ultimately enhancing the quality of scholarly work.
ANALISIS KONSEP AL-‘ARDH DALAM SURAH AT TAHA AYAT 134 DAN TAKHSIS DALAM SURAH AT TAUBAH AYAT 13
Authors: Ramadhanti Mutya , Harahap Siti Mardeana
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the use of the word al-ardh in Surah Taha verse 134 and the concept of takhsis in Surah At-Taubah verse 13. The use of the term al-ardh in the Qur'an has variations in meaning depending on the context of the verse, which in Surah Taha verse 134 can be interpreted as a concept of land or earth which was a sign of God's power for the previous people. This research explores the relationship between the use of the word al-ardh and God's intention of justice in providing evidence to humanity before passing judgment. On the other hand, analysis of the concept of takhsis in Surah At-Taubah verse 13 explains the Al-Qur'an's method of making legal specializations that function as restrictions or exceptions, especially in the context of the order to wage jihad against polytheists who violate the agreement. This research uses thematic interpretation methods and linguistic analysis to clarify the meaning of words in the context of the verse. The results of the analysis show that the use of the word alardh strengthens the moral message in conveying Divine justice, while the concept of takhsis in Surah At-Taubah verse 13 functions as a legal basis for the selective implementation of jihad. This research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the linguistic and theological meaning of the verses of the Qur'an related to al-ardh and takhsis in the context of the study of Qur'anic interpretation.
التحديات والاتجاهات الحديثة في تعليم اللغة العربية في العصر الرقمي
Authors: Muhammad Arival Dzaky  , Muhammad Nur Fajri
Published: December 2024

تتطلب التحديات التي تواجه تعليم اللغة العربية تطويرًا في تعليم اللغة العربية حتى تظل ملائمة ومناسبة. ويدرس هذا البحث التحديات والتطورات في التعليم الإسلامي في العصر الحاضر. ويتم النظر في تحديد أوجه التقدم في تعليم وتعلم اللغة العربية الإسلامية من أجل تكوين جيل متألق من المسلمين في العصر الحديث. ومنهج البحث المستخدم هو دراسة الأدبيات وتحليل مختلف المواد ذات الصلة في الكتب والمجلات ذات الصلة. ويبين البحث في مناقشته أن الاستفادة من ابتكارات تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات، وتطوير التطبيقات المحمولة، واستخدام وسائط الحاسوب يمكن أن يعزز تجربة التعلم لدى المتعلمين. ومع ذلك، فإن التحديات مثل محدودية الوصول إلى الابتكارات وتزايد العقبات التي يجب التغلب عليها تثير القلق أيضًا. يحتاج تعلّم اللغة العربية إلى التكيف مع التطورات التكنولوجية المبتكرة، مع الأخذ بعين الاعتبار التحديات مثل محدودية الوصول إلى الابتكارات وتعقيدات المشاكل التي يجب التغلب عليها. لذلك، من المهم أن يعمل المعلمون والحكومة معًا لتقليل التحديات وضمان بقاء تعليم اللغة العربية ملائمًا وذا قيمة في هذا العصر الرقمي.
Effet de différents substrats sur le développement et la croissance des larves de la Mouche Soldat Noire (MSN) au Mali
Authors:   Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER), SISSOKO Dioukou , MAÏGA Mohamed Adama ,   Biowast-Mali, SAGARA Bakary ,   IPR/IFRA, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, CISS Moussa BM E ,   IPR/IFRA, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, COULIBALY Drissa ,   IPR/IFRA, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, SAMBA Mahamadou ,   CRRA-Sotuba, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, DOUMBIA Fousseny ,   CRRA-Sotuba, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali
Published: December 2024

In Mali, the difficulties in supplying local livestock with animal protein, mainly imported, have increase the costs of producing fish and poultry. To reduce these costs, alternative materials that can be used as food have been identified. One of these is the larvae (worm) of the Black Soldier Fly (MSN) (Hermetia illucens), which transform through a bioconversion process, vegetable waste, fruit and slaughterhouses as animal feed, the protein value of which depends on the substrate on which the larva has developed.
Thus, the identification of suitable substrates remains the basis for breeding MSW in the Sahelian zone to provide young investors in this sector with information on food and define the technical package to accompany their business. In this context, four types of food substrates (poultry manure, sheep dropping, rumen content and fruits and vegetables) were tested to feed the larvae.
The weights and numbers of larvae varied with the treatments studied. T2 (rotten fruits and vegetables) with 21.97g presented the highest weight for 113 larvae followed by T4 (sheep dropping) and T1 (rumen content) whose values were respectively 12.80g for 140 larvae and 12.00g for 83 larvae. In terms of food conversion, in the first larval phase, T1 gave the best conversion rate with 2.45 g followed by T3 with 0.97 g and T2 with 0.85 g
Keywords: Black soldier fly, substrate, feed, larvae, Mali.
Evaluation de la valeur alimentaire de la farine de larves de la Mouche Soldat Noire (MSN) Hermetia illucens au Mali
Authors:   Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER), SISSOKO Dioukou , TRAORE Anta Kisso ,   Biowaste-Mali, CISSE Moussa BM ,   IPR/IFRA, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, SAGARA Bakary ,   IPR/IFRA, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, MAÏGA Mohamed Adama ,   Biowaste-Mali, SIDIBE Seydou ,   IER, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, TANGARA Moussa ,   IPR/IFRA, Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali
Published: December 2024

The problem of protein feeding local farms (poultry and fish farming) has led to the exploration of other sources of protein, capable of enriching animal feed, but also ecologically viable, socially acceptable and economically profitable. Hermetia illucens Black Soldier Fly (MSN) technology addresses these concerns. It is based on the principle of 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) and due to an ecological method of decomposition of bio-waste it gives new life to these wastes. The larvae of MSW transform vegetable and fruit waste and slaughterhouse waste into animal feed and organic fertilizer.
To better appreciate the nutritional value of this food (MSN larval flour), we compared it with fish and blood meals at the Sotuba animal nutrition laboratory. The analyses covered dry matter, crude ash, crude cellulose, crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, gross energy, the energy value, digestible nitrogen and digestibility of these flours.
The dry matter, crude protein and metabolizable energy contents were respectively for MSN larval flour 92.85%; 32.51% and 3733.56 Kcal/kg against 93.70%; 45.09%; 2795.07 Kcal/kg for fish flour and 86.67%, 82.60%, 3507.34 Kcal/kg for blood flour.
However, they recorded similar digestibility rates of 93.93%, 93.88% and 93.64% for fish meal, blood meal and MSN worm flour respectively.
Key words: Black soldier fly, wormflour, blood, fish, poultry, Mali.
L’âge est-il un facteur explicatif de la pauvreté multidimensionnelle au Mali
Authors:   Université des Sciences Sociales et de Gestion de Bamako (USSGB)/FSEG, KEITA Aminata , DOLO Amadou ,   Université des Sciences Sociales et de Gestion de Bamako (USSGB)/FSEG, BERTHE Bakary ,   Université des Sciences Sociales et de Gestion de Bamako (USSGB)/FSEG, KEITA Djbril ,   Université des Sciences Sociales et de Gestion de Bamako (USSGB)/FSEG, DEMBELE Bourama , OUONOGO Souleymane , DOLO Sory , SANOGO Abouacar Sidiki
Published: December 2024

Research on age as an explanatory factor of multidimensional poverty repeatedly highlights the difficulty of counting the poor population, especially of an elderly person. This difficulty lies both in the complexity of defining what an elderly person or a poor household is, and in the methodological choices that must be made during the actual estimation. As a result, the poverty rates of an elderly person are different depending on the definitions used (absolute or relative poverty) and the approaches chosen (monetary, subjective, by living conditions). The evolution of poverty rates resulting from these approaches is not the same (Chantal & Philippe, 1996). For several years, the poverty of an elderly person has been the subject of reflection for both the World Bank and UNICEF. At the initiative of international organizations, the problem of the poverty of an elderly person is returning to the center of research on economic and social development. Poverty is the scarcity of resources and goods (misery is expressed by deficiencies) and a recognition of inequalities based on social relations within a given society (World Bank & UNDP, 2000). In addition, a very old attitude is that the poor blame themselves for their situation. "Human poverty" is presented as the "absence of basic human capacities: illiteracy, malnutrition, reduced longevity, poor maternal health, preventable disease".
Keyword: Elderly, Poverty
Etat des lieux du cadre législatif et institutionnel de lutte contre le travail des enfants au Mali
Authors:   Université de Ségou, Faculté des Sciences Sociales (FASSO), DOUMBIA Balla
Published: December 2024

Child labour poses a serious threat to the health, education and well-being of minors. According to the International Labour Office (ILO), about 168 million children are affected worldwide, or 11% of the child population. This exploitation compromises their physical, mental and social development, while disrupting their schooling. Aware of the devastating effects, states have put in place laws to prevent this practice. At the international level, the International Labour Organization (ILO) is leading the fight against child labour with conventions such as Convention No. 182, which defines the "worst forms of child labour". These forms include activities that jeopardize children's rights, such as slavery, forced labour or prostitution. Children are often isolated from their families and forced to work in dangerous sectors, such as agriculture or begging, where they suffer physical and psychological abuse. Deprived of education, their future is compromised. In response, it is imperative that governments, NGOs and international organizations work together to strengthen laws, raise public awareness and protect children. This includes the prevention of the worst forms of child labour, the rehabilitation of victims and the provision of educational and medical care. Coming together is crucial to combat this exploitation and ensure a bright future for children around the world. Keywords : Law, child, labor, laws, convention.
Keywords: Law, child, labor, laws, convention.
The Impact of Global Election Observation on the Promotion of Fair Elections and Best Practices in Election Management Worldwide
Authors: Frank Prince Diepreye
Published: December 2024

A Systematic Review International election observation has become a critical mechanism in ensuring election integrity, promoting democratic values, and enhancing the legitimacy of electoral processes worldwide. This systematic review explores the role of global election observation in promoting free and fair elections and best practices in election management. The review focuses on the history, principles, approaches, impact, and challenges of international election observation. The origins of international election observation can be traced back to the 1857 European commission that observed the elections in Moldavia and Wallachia. Today, international observer missions are structured, systematic, and involve hundreds of individuals over several months, deployed by various international organizations such as the European Union, OSCE, African Union, OAS, IRI, NDI, and Council of Europe. International election observation is based on two fundamental principles: clear commitments by governments for ensuring democratic elections and the role of observers as objective individuals who do not interfere in the process. The review highlights the importance of transparency, hard work, dedication, professionalism, and experience in ensuring the credibility and effectiveness of international observation. The impact of international election observation includes raising voter confidence, evaluating the legitimacy of electoral processes and outcomes, promoting bilateral exchanges of knowledge and information on electoral practices, and sometimes leading to lasting international relations. However, the review also acknowledges the challenges and criticisms of international observation, such as the perception of conferring legitimacy on flawed elections, the need for adequate time, resources, qualified observers, comprehensive coverage, and accreditation.
of Image Repair Strategies in Online Crises
Authors: M. Klok Anna-Katrine
Published: December 2024

In contemporary society, social media plays an ever-increasing role. The frequency and impact of crises, particularly online, are escalating, posing economic and reputational threats to organizations. Although much research on crisis communication and management has emerged, the field still lacks a general theory or paradigm. This research deficiency has reached a point where it is necessary to limit the inclusion of new theoretical elements but instead concretize practical applications of existing theory.
Organizations often struggle with inadequate or rhetorically insufficient crisis responses, leading to stakeholder dissatisfaction and subsequently loss of resources. In this article, I have addressed this problem. By examining to what extent, it is possible to create a new theory for selecting an image repair strategy that can be used both during crises and as an analytical tool in retrospect.
Thus, proposing a new theory, the Model of Image Repair Selection (MIRS), and proposals for integrating the theory into crisis management efforts, offering practical solutions to the complexity of crises.
Thus, this work proposes a new theory, the Model of Image Repair Selection (MIRS), along with recommendations for integrating the theory into crisis management efforts, offering practical solutions to address the complexity of crises. With this, MIRS has the potential to help organizations navigate and lessen the effects of crises. MIRS accommodates both the complex and dynamic dimensions of crises without excluding combinations with other approaches to crisis communication. By integrating the six major rhetorical strategies in crises into a model based on four parameters—risk, transparency, attitude, and communicative resources—MIRS enhances theoretical understanding and provides organizations with a valuable instrument for crisis management
Forensic Medical Perspective On Child Brides and Child Marriages
Authors: Yıldırım Ali , Malkoçoğlu Nermin , Yücel Beyaztaş Fatma
Published: December 2024

There are many definitions on the concept of “child” from past to present. According to the generally accepted view, individuals under the age of 18 are considered as “children” and marriages before the age of 18 are considered as “child marriages”, while girls married before the age of 18 are considered as “child brides”. The reality of child brides continues to increase as a global problem in our country and in many countries of the world. Early marriages performed without the informed consent of the child are a common form of sexual abuse of girls. Sexual abuse at a young age can cause many negative effects in the later stages of a child's life.
The problem of child brides is one of the most important social problems that need to be solved in our country. In approaching this problem, first of all, a common language should be created between legal regulations and institutions, and laws should be reorganized to ensure they do not leave the door open for marriages at a young age.
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the awareness of the issue of “child brides” and “child marriages”, which continue to be a serious social problem in our country and all over the world, and to determine the necessary solution suggestions for the solution of the problem in the light of the literature.
Meta-analysis of odds ratios for the COMT Gene rs737865 SNP for schizophrenia
Authors: Hakverdi Gulden , Gözükara Bağ Harika
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Meta-analysis of COMT Gene rs737865 SNP odds ratios for schizophrenia
Background: The collection of methods that enable combining the findings of several independent studies on the topic of interest with appropriate statistical methods is called meta-analysis.
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disease linked to many environmental and genetic factors and affects up to 1% of the world's population.
A candidate gene for schizophrenia susceptibility is the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene.
This study aimed to combine the odds ratios obtained from different studies according to the rs737865 SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) of the COMT gene for schizophrenia by meta-analysis.
Material and Method:
Publications written in English were scanned with the keywords "COMT and schizophrenia" in Web of Science, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases until October 2024. Common odds ratio estimates were obtained with the help of appropriate meta-analytic methods under different genetic models for 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria, as well as 8 and 4 studies for Asians and Caucasians, respectively, by race. STATA 14 program was used for all analyses.
Results: Under different genetic models applied to seventeen studies, only carriers of the CC genotype were found to have a higher risk for schizophrenia than carriers of the T (TT+CT) allele [OR=1.133 (95% CI=1.008 - 1.273)]. In subgroup analyses according to race, no risk was found for Asians. In contrast, for Caucasians, it was found that carriers of the C (CC+CT) allele had an increased risk of schizophrenia compared to those with TT genotype [OR=1.586 (95% CI=1.349 - 1.865)].

Conclusion: With the help of applied meta-analytic methods, overall estimates were obtained for odds ratios (OR) obtained from independent studies under different genetic models. However, it is thought that the association between COMT gene rs737865 SNP and schizophrenia should be examined with studies conducted in larger groups homogeneous in terms of ethnicity.
Keywords: Meta-analysis, COMT, odds ratio, schizophrenia.
The influence of Russian and Japanese architectural schools on the development of the city of Dalian in the late 19th century – the first half of the 20th century.
Authors: Pugacheva Ekaterina Alekseevna , Kurbatov Renat Konstantinovich
Published: December 2024

This work is a continuation of the research on the formation of architecture and urban planning in China in the context of cross-cultural interaction of the second half of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century, begun by the authors in 2022. This article is devoted to identifying and defining the basic principles of the formation of the development of the city of Dalian during the designated period, culminating in the period of the Japanese concession. In the course of the work, the main stages of the development of the urban planning structure are analyzed against the background of socio-cultural, economic and political changes affecting Manchuria. To study the development of the urban structure, an analysis and systematization of available archival, literary, digital, cartographic, photo and video sources was carried out. The descriptive method was used to characterize the compositional and planning features of urban planning solutions. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time a comprehensive study was conducted to identify the influence of Russian and Japanese architectural schools on the formation of urban planning principles used in the design of Dalian in the late 19th century – the first half of the 20th century. The study revealed that even though the vector of development of the general plan of Dalian was laid down by Russian architects, it was the Japanese concession that influenced the development of buildings and the formation of a unique style of architecture in the northeastern part of China to a greater extent. It is also concluded that despite the traditional principles of urban planning, Japanese designers began to borrow some means of expression, which later formed the basis for the design of other cities in Manchukuo.
On the reasonableness of introducing a special tax to finance state support measures for families with children
Authors: Mel'nikova Nadezhda Petrovna , YUdin Evgenii Sergeevich
Published: December 2024

In the context of a complex geopolitical situation, an urgent issue is to ensure growth of the budget revenue to finance significant national projects, including the new national project "Family". The purpose of the study was to analyze the possibility of introducing a new tax, namely, a special tax to finance government support measures for families with children. The following tasks were defined: to analyze the current demographic situation in Russia, to conduct a historical analysis of the practice of levying a tax on childlessness and its effectiveness, to develop a new special tax in modern conditions. The study of the subject area revealed the futility of using the tax on bachelors and childless as a tool for increasing the birth rate. The work is based on the analysis of official data from Rosstat for the period from the 1950s to the present. Based on extrapolation and the averaging method, an estimate is given of the amount of revenue from the proposed tax to the budget. Based on the theoretical analysis of the economic essence of the tax, as well as the understanding of fair taxation, the possibility of introducing a new tax as a tool for additional redistribution of income between individuals with and without dependent children has been proven. The result was the development of conceptual parameters of a "special tax to finance measures of state support for families with children". The methodology for constructing a special tax is based on the fact that its size should be determined depending on the share of the subsistence minimum for a child to the average wage. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of practical implementation of the tax, taking into account the justification of all its mandatory elements.
Helseutfordringer relatert til sorg og tap
Authors: Holm Anne Lise , Berland Astrid Karin Elde
Published: December 2024

Sorg er definert som brudd på bånd til avdøde og omstilling til nye livsforutsetninger, i tillegg til problem med å bygge nye relasjoner.  Sorg er beskrevet som en emosjonell respons relatert til ulike helseutfordringer. Hensikten med studien var å undersøke hvilke erfaringer enker og enkemenn har med ulike helseutfordringer relatert til sorg og tap og hva som ble opplevd som hjelpsomt. Studien anvendte et eksplorativt design og kvalitativ metode. Et hovedtema, tre tema og to undertema framkom fra analysen.  Hovedtema viste behov for selvbestemmelse. I det første tema framkom at både enker og enkemann helst ville klare seg selv og ikke bry andre med sine fysiske helseproblem. Det andre tema viste at tilbaketrekking ble anvendt som en overlevelsesstrategi, mens det tredje tema avdekket at kontakt med andre ga en helsegevinst.  Sorgen hadde ingen tidsavgrensning, og fulgte personene gjennom livsløpet. Sosiale aspekter hadde innvirkning på hva som ble opplevd som hjelpsomt.
La banda sonora como vehículo de la ficción en Valparaíso, mi amor (1969) y El chacal de Nahueltoro (1969). Músicas y voces de la identificación
Authors: Moure Moreno José María
Published: December 2024

Este artículo desarrolla un análisis de la música y las voces narradoras en dos largometrajes de ficción pertenecientes al Nuevo Cine Chileno: Valparaíso, mi amor (Aldo Francia, 1969) y El chacal de Nahueltoro (Miguel Littin, 1969). Se propone una indagación descriptiva y funcional fundamentada en las teorías de la banda sonora (Buhler 2019; Buhler, Deemer y Neumeyer 2010; Neumeyer 2015; Chion 1997; 2004; 2018; Kozloff 1988; Gorbman 1987, entre otros), tomando como contexto primordial el estudio de lo cinematográfico, y el desarrollo incidente de lo sonoro para con lo visual dentro del espacio abstracto de la instancia narrativa (Aumont et al. 1996) y la constitución de un discurso cinematográfico (Aumont et al. 1996; Stam 2001; Metz 2002). Desde ese marco, se ponen en discusión las premisas en torno al valor realista intrínseco de estas dos cintas, y se argumenta en torno a cómo las músicas y las voces contribuyen precisamente a un refuerzo de la ficción.
Factors Influencing FinTech Continuous Use: Systematic Literature Review and Expert Validation
Authors: Mohammeda Maina Geidam , Hassan Rohail
Published: December 2024

This study aims to identify the key factors contributing to the continuous intention to use FinTech. FinTech is an innovative technology that has disrupted traditional financial industries by automating and improving financial products and services; this includes a wide range of facilities such as mobile banking, digital payments, crowdfunding, and cryptocurrency, providing customers with more options and convenience in accessing financial services. However, despite its significant growth and customer adoption, it is still being determined whether the continuous intention to use FinTech will attract enough customers to sustain its growth. However, to address this issue, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and an expert verification method were utilized to identify 25 primary studies related to continuous intention to use FinTech, published in Web of Science and Scopus databases between 2012 and 2022. The study found 12 relevant factors influencing the continuous intention to use FinTech: technological factors (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use), perceived benefit (Economic benefit, seamless transaction, and convenience), perceived risks (financial risk, legal risk, operational risk, security risk) trust, continuous intention and environmental (government regulation). The studies are underpinned by the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM), the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and Institutional Theory (IT). The research offers a novel understanding of the factors influencing customers' continuous intention to use FinTech and presents a multidimensional framework to guide managers and customers in its utilization. The study employed a one-sample t-test to assess the mean and significance of observed differences or relationships and validate expert evaluations' results. Future research could utilize meta-analysis to strengthen these findings further.
Gene Action and Combining Ability Effects on Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) Hybrids
Authors: Komala Majjiga , Sarada C. , Sanghamitra M.
Published: December 2024

The analysis of combining ability effects and gene action related to yield and yield-contributing traits in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is crucial for selecting suitable parents to develop high-yielding chilli hybrids by identifying the key general and specific combiners. The present study was aimed at estimating the combining ability effects in 12 novel chilli hybrids for identification of best general combiners and specific combiners for yield and yield contributing traits. The results from line x tester analysis revealed the presence of considerable genetic variation with respect to yield and yield contributing traits. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed significant differences for plant height, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant and SCA variances were found to be higher than the GCA variance for all the traits except for fruit yield per plant. The ratio of σ2GCA/σ2SCA was less than one for all the traits except for fruit yield per plant indicating the preponderance of dominant gene action, which plays an important role in the exploitation of heterosis through hybrid breeding. The parents Tejaswini, Ruby, Mohana, VNR-1366 and VNR-305 were found to be good general combiners based on significant GCA effects for yield and yield contributing traits. The SCA effects expressed the combinations viz., Tejaswini x VNR-1366, Tejaswini x VNR-145 and Ruby x VNR-1366 as good specific combiners for number of fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant. The results of the current study would help plan for successful hybrid breeding programme for chilli crop improvement.
Economic Analysis of Drone Technology in Agriculture: Insights from Farmer Producer Organisation in Tamil Nadu
Authors: A Yazhini , A Malaisamy, , M Raswanthkrishna
Published: December 2024

Indian agriculture makes a substantial contribution to the nation's GDP, employment, and food security. It directly employs over half of the country's workforce, supporting the livelihoods of rural communities. Historically, Indian agriculture has been labour-intensive and reliant on traditional practices, resulting in inefficient resource utilization. To address the numerous challenges facing the Indian agriculture sector, the adoption of emerging technologies, such as drones, is imperative. Drones have the capacity to significantly enhance agricultural practices, increasing productivity, reducing resource wastage and have the environmental advantages of drone technology, such as reduced pesticide usage and minimized runoff, would emphasize its sustainability impact. This study explores the economic dynamics of drone technology in agriculture, addressing a gap in past research amid the growing use of Artificial Intelligence in the sector. Conducted in the paddy cultivation regions of Thanjavur and Madurai districts Farmer Producer Organisations in Tamil Nadu, the study involves a sample of 80 for UAV technology and 120 for conventional methods. The findings reveal significant cost savings and higher profitability with drone-assisted farming, where total expenses decrease from ₹27,723.20 for conventional farming to ₹22,857.50 with drones, primarily due to reduced pesticide and herbicide use and improved application efficiency. While both methods yield similar gross returns of ₹39,100 for conventional and ₹40,640 for drone-assisted—the net returns are markedly higher for drones at ₹17,782.50 versus ₹11,376.80 for conventional practices. Although machine labor costs rise slightly with UAVs, overall savings enhance the financial viability of drone-assisted farming. The economic comparative analysis indicates a net profit increase of ₹7,331, underscoring the economic advantages of adopting drone technology in agriculture.
Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Terminalia superba Engler & Diels (Combretaceae): A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Cerebral Malaria
Authors: Rolland Kipré, Gueyraud , Dieudonné Silué Kigbafori , Abou Bamba, , Joseph Djaman Allico
Published: December 2024

Cerebral malaria is one of the most severe complications of malaria, primarily caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The search for alternative or complementary treatments to classical antimalarial therapies is crucial in light of the emergence of drug resistance. Terminalia superba, a tropical medicinal plant, has traditionally been used to treat various diseases, including those with parasitic etiology. This study aims to evaluate the potential of Terminalia superba in managing cerebral malaria. Ethanolic extracts of T. superba were obtained by maceration of the bark of the plant in 70% alcohol. Cytotoxicity and neuroprotection tests were conducted on neurons (SH-SY5Y-neurons) using the MTT method. The activity against neuroinflammation was assessed through the LPS (Lipopolysaccharide) test, measuring cytokines TNF-α, Interleukin 8, Interleukin 6, and Interleukin 1β. The ethanolic extract of Terminalia superba exhibited non-toxic activity on neurons with an IC50 greater than 200 µg/mL. This extract protected astrocytes against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 (500 µM). Cell survival increased from 35% to 45%, 59%, 61%, and 73% at concentrations of 3.125, 12.5, 50, and 200 µg/mL, respectively. Terminalia superba also reduced the overproduction of cytokines by LPS-stimulated neurons, demonstrating its efficacy against neuroinflammation.
The ethanolic extract of Terminalia superba, in addition to being non-cytotoxic, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties on neurons. These properties could play an important role in the management of cerebral malaria. Further studies should lead to the development of a drug against cerebral malaria based on the bark of T. superba.
Construction of a Block-Based Water-Level Monitoring System for RDII Management in a Separate Sewer System
Authors: Kim Kwanghyun , Lee Junseong , Lee Eunhwan , Jun Hwandon
Published: December 2024

In a separate sewer system designed to independently discharge sewage and stormwater, operational issues such as sewage manhole overflow and overloading of the sewage treatment plant capacity can arise during rainfall events owing to Rainfall-Derived Inflow and Infiltration (RDII) into the sewage pipelines. Although various management strategies for RDII have been studied both domestically and internationally, research on monitoring systems that can precisely identify specific locations where RDII occurs remains insufficient. Therefore, this study analyzed the shortcomings of the existing water-level monitoring system using a case study of City A, which was designed as a separate sewer system. To efficiently manage RDII, we propose a methodology for establishing a block-based water-level monitoring system divided into large, middle, and small blocks, inspired by the block system concept used in water supply networks. By conducting water-level observations at the exits of the middle and small blocks, the specific locations of RDII occurrence can be identified. This approach is expected to facilitate effective and prompt countermeasures by accurately identifying the locations where RDII occurs.