bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI PADA PERAWAT DI RSU ISLAM CAWAS
Authors: Sawitri Endang , Apriana Yuyun , Marwanti Marwanti , Mawardi Mawardi
Published: January 2024

Nurses are health workers who work in hospitals. Nurses of childbearing age are advised to use contraception to space their births to support performance. Husband's support is very necessary in making the decision to use contraception of choice, especially for nurses at RSI Cawas, most of whom are couples of childbearing ages so that birth spacing can be arranged and does not burden the nurses at work due to frequent pregnancies. Contraception will not work without cooperation between husband and wife and without trust between each other. The coverage of active family planning participants in Klaten Regency in 2020 was 152,764 (78.4%), an increase compared to 2019 of 74.8%. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between family support and the use of contraceptives among nurses at RSU Islam Cawas. Research method: analytical descriptive research with a cross sectional approach. The research sample was all nurses who were classified as women of childbearing age at RSU Islam Cawas Klaten. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The total sample was 48 respondents. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire. Bivariate statistical tests use chi square. The research results showed that the characteristics of the respondents in this study were an average age of 33.27 years and an average of 2 children, most of them had a DIII nursing education (60.4%), and the contraceptive method used was modern (29.2%). Family support in the use of contraceptives is mostly good (37.5%), most of the nurses use contraceptives (68.8%). The results of bivariate analysis obtained a p value of 0.028 (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this research is that there is a relationship between family support and the use of contraceptives among nurses at RSU Islam Cawas.
Hubungan HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASA TUBUH DENGAN PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS)
Authors: Haniyah Siti , Dewi Pramesti
Published: January 2024

PMS often occurs in teenage girls which appears with a set of symptoms both mental and physical and behavioral during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle around 7-10 days before menstruation and disappears when menstrual blood comes out. One of the factors causing the syndrome is Body Mass Index. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index and premenstrual syndrome. The formula used in selecting respondents was total sampling with a cross-sectional approach. The assessment form used is SPAF and data analysis used Spearman rank to measure the relationship between Body Mass Index and PMS in Harapan Bangsa University. The  conclusion of this study  there is a relationship between BMI and PMS p: 0.00 and the relationship is quite close (0.456). Women with PMS disorders have low serotonin levels which causes early or late ovulation. This can trigger the hormones estrogen and progesterone, which cause complaints such as breast pain and bloating. At the same time, an increase in the hormone prostaglandin causes the uterus to contract which causes abdominal pain during the menstrual cycle.

Keywords:  Body Mass Indeks, premenstrual syndrome, female student
HUBUNGAN FATIGUE DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN CA MAMMAE YANG MENJALANI KEMOTERAPI DI RSUP DR. SOERADJI TIRTONEGORO KLATEN
Authors: Susilowati Eni , Nurhidayati Istianna , Suparti Sri
Published: January 2024

Ca mammae merupakan jenis kanker dengan jumlah prevalensi tertinggi dari seluruh kasus kanker pada perempuan di Indonesia. Data DepKes menyebutkan ca mammae adalah jenis kanker yang paling banyak diderita wanita dengan kontribusi sebesar 42,1% dengan rata-rata kematian 17%. Penatalaksanaan untuk pasien ca mammae adalah kemoterapi. Pasien ca mammae dengan kemoterapi beresiko mengalami beberapa efek samping antara lain fatigue, nyeri, mual serta muntah. Salah satu masalah yang dialami penderita kanker yang melakukan kemoterapi adalah gejala fatigue yang dapat berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas hidup pasien itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan fatigue dengan kualitas hidup pasien ca mammae yang menjalani kemoterapi di RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten

Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan sejumlah 40 responden. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan Brief Fatigue Inventory dan EORTC QLQ-C30. Uji statistik bivariat menggunakan kendall tau

Hasil penelitian diperoleh kejadian fatigue pada responden mayoritas adalah fatigue non-severe yaitu sebanyak 33 responden (82,5%), kualitas hidup responden mayoritas baik yaitu sebanyak 27 responden (67,5%), analisis bivariat diperoleh p value sebesar 0,017 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan fatigue dengan kualitas hidup pasien ca mammae yang menjalani kemoterapi di bangsal RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten
Genetic Parameter Estimation of Teak Clonal Test At 5 Years Old in Wonogiri, Central Java
Authors: Hamdan Hamdan Adma Adinugraha , Mahfudz Mahfudz
Published: January 2024

Trial research of teak clones was located in Wonogiri, Central Java. This research was conducted in order to evaluate the growth performance of teak clones that can be developed for forest plantation and private forest. Establishment of teak clones test was conducted in 2002 using 20 clones with Randomized Completely Block Design/RCBD consisting of 5 ramets and 5 replications with plant spacing of 2 m x 6 m . The second plot was established in 2005 using 100 clones with RCBD that consisted of 3 ramets and 5 replications with spacing of 2 m x 6 m. The observation and measurement on height and diameter at breast height/dbh were carried out periodically in every year to determine the level of plant growth The results showed that the average growth at the age of 5 years in two test plot clones are height from 8,73 to 9,97 m , tree diameter from 8.61 to 13.14 cm and tree volume estimated 0,046 - 0,103 m3. Estimated heritability clones of tree height and diameter were 0,18; 0,29 in plot 1 and 0,32; 0,38 in plot 2.
Soil Mesofauna Response to Cover Crops and Mycorrhizal Inoculated Plantation on Limestone Quarry Revegetation
Authors: Retno Retno Prayudyaningsih
Published: January 2024

Cover crops establishment followed by mycorrhizal inoculated tree plantation accelerate limestone quaryy restoration. Soil mesofauna is a useful indicator for assessing biodiversity recovery, as they are sensitive to human disturbance and involved in ecological processes. In this research, soil mesofauna presence used to evaluate limestone quarry restoration by cover crops and mycorrhizal inoculated tree esatblisment. Soil mesofauna are measured using individual density, species diversity, richness and important value. The study was conducted in four types of areas on limestone postmining lands are open areas/natural conditions without planting, cover crop area, non mycorrhizalinoculated plant area and mycorrhizal-inoculated plant area. The result showed The higher individual density, diversity and species richness of soil mesofauna on cover crops and mycorrhizal inoculated plant area than other areas are indicators of limestone quarry restoration rate. Furthermore the presence of Formicidae family that dominated on cover crops and mycorrhizal inoculated plant area, and emergence of Acari group only on mycorrhizal inoculated area also an indicator of limestone quarry restoration.
Birds Species of Rallidae Family in Forestry and Environment Research and Development Institute of Manado
Authors: Diah Diah Irawati Dwi Arini
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine species and conservation status of Rallidae family in Forestry and Environment Research and Development Institute of Manado; also the prospect of its development. This study may provide a source of data and information on the diversity of certain bird species. Observations conducted in June 2015 included the species of birds in Rallidae family found around the Forestry and Environment Research and Development Institute of Manado. Data were analyzed descriptively in the forms of figures and tables. Results showed that there were three species within this family found in Manado Forestry Research Institute. Those were isabelline bush-hen (Amaurornis isabellina), buff-banded rail (Gallirallus philippensis), and Barred Rail (Gallirallus torquatus). All three species are not protected in Indonesia and IUCN categorized them as Least Concern (LC). Isabelline bush-hen is endemic to the island of Sulawesi, while buff-banded rail and barred rail have a wide distribution. Weris has a good prospect to be domesticated.
Distribution of Avifauna in Aketajawe Lolobata National Park Based on Zone and Land Cover Typology
Authors: Supratman Supratman Tabba , Nurrani Lis Nurrani
Published: January 2024

Aketajawe Lolobata National Park (TNAL) is a protected area for paradise birds, parrots and others North Maluku endemic wildlife. As a former of commercial logging concessions, this areas have been damaged and loss of wildlife habitat. The purpose of this research was to determine bird species of TNAL area based on zone category, this research is important in order to validate data related to the birds species diversity. Data collection used the observation point system with purposive sampling by direct observation and audio. The number of observation points were six points in core zone, ten points in both of jungle and traditional zone, and six points in buffer zone. Research showed that there are 39 species found in the buffer zone, 45 species in jungle and traditional zone, and 19 species in core zone. Wallace’s standardwing (Semioptera wallacei) is one of the 15 endemic species of North Maluku was found along drummer rail (Habroptila wallacii) which is Halmahera’s endemic species. Distribution pattern of birds in TNAL is very varied. The jungle and traditional zone have the amount and the highest species diversity while the highest species variation was in the buffer zone. The natural habitat of bird in this area generally located in open area along former road skid as well as forest edge and only a few were found in primary forest of core zone.
Growth Comparison of Red Jabon in North Bolaang Mongondow and North Minahasa
Authors: Irawan Arif Irawan , Hidayah Hanif Nurul Hidayah
Published: January 2024

Red Jabon is priority species that projected to be developed in plantation forests of North Minahasa Regency. Red Jabon is can adapt well various environmental conditions. The natural habitat of the red Jabon in North Sulawesi region was known in North Bolaang Mongondow. This study aimed to compare the growth of red jabon at the age of  1 year in North Minahasa Regency and North Bolaang Mongondow. The experiment was conducted in two (2) locations i.e. in Talawaan Village (North Minahasa Regency) and Nunuka Village (North Bolaang Mongondow). Two independent samples t test was conducted to determine the differences in height and diameter growth parameters at two test sites.The results showed that there was no difference in the growth of red Jabon between North Minahasa and North Bolaang Mongondow. The average height and diameter of red Jabon in North Minahasa Regency is at 215.84 cm and 4.34 cm, while the same parameters of North Bolaang Mongondow amounted to 231.79 cm and 4.14 cm. The development efforts on the plantations of red Jabon North Minahasa Regency need to be improved because of the environmental conditions in this region is very suitable for the growth of red Jabon.
LES MECANISMES DE CREATIONS LEXICALES PAR DERIVATION EN KOROMFE, VARIANTE D’ARBINDA
Authors:   INSS/ CNRST Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, GUIRE Inoussa
Published: January 2024

Cet article traite de la dérivation en koromfe variante d’Arbinda. A partir d’une base de données qui a servi à l’élaboration du dictionnaire (lexique) bilingue koromfe-français version Android de 2000 entrées lexicales (Guiré , et al., 2021) et d’entretien auprès de locuteurs du koromfe, un corpus de mots dérivés a été constitué. L’analyse s’est faite en s’inspirant principalement des travaux de Creissels (1979, 1991) sur les langues africaines. Le résultat laisse entrevoir au niveau des verbes une dérivation endocentrique avec l’emploi de dérivatifs à sens inversif, factitif et à sens répétitif, et une dérivation exocentrique avec l’emploi presque régulier de dérivatifs agentifs, instrumentaux et locatifs. Au niveau de la dérivation nominale, des cas endocentriques et exocentriques ont été constatés, mais de façon moins fournie que dans la dérivation verbale. Quelques similitudes ont été relevées par comparaison avec le songhay-zarma et le fulfulde en termes de types de dérivation. L’hypothèse testée a été en grande partie confirmé
HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES IN TRADITIONAL AFRICA VERSUS BLACKS’ CIVIL RIGHTS IN CONTEMPORARY AMERICA: A READING OF THE STORY OF OLAUDAH EQUIANO
Authors:   Enseignant vacataire à la FLSL-ULSHB–English Département, Coulibaly Zakaria
Published: January 2024

This article aims at presenting and demonstrating through Equiano's story how the Traditional Africans of pre-colonial Africa perceived and dealt with the issue of human rights on the one hand; and on the other hand, it examines how the question of the rights of Black Americans are perceived and treated in American society today. In doing so, the study has used the theory of post-colonialism and comparative literature to analyze and interpret the two situations. As expected results, study has demonstrated that traditional Africans had established some social norms and rules which protected and guaranteed the basic rights of the populations without discrimination. However, it has been able to show that in the United States of today, portrayed as one of the most democratic nations and defenders of human rights, the basic rights of black Americans are still not guaranteed. They continue to experience multifaceted discrimination every day.
What Science Can Learn from Car Mechanics
Authors: Klee Trevor
Published: January 2024

Taiichi Ohno, a Japanese engineer who helped to create the Toyota Production System, once described a five-step system to identify the root cause of a problem. That same system should be applied to scientific problems.
Welcome to Asimov Press
Authors: Press Asimov
Published: January 2024

Our mission is to spread ideas that elucidate the promise of biology, take its concomitant risks seriously, and direct talent toward solving pressing problems.
PENGARUH AUDIT COMPLEXITY, OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION, DAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS TERHADAP AUDIT REPORT LAG (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFATAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017- 2022)
Authors: Suci Putri Maryani  , Asih Handayani
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of audit complexity, ownership concentration and financial distress on Audit report lag in property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2027-2022. The research method used is a quantitative method. The population in this study was 78 property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2017 - 2022. The sample in this study was 16 companies. A total of 96 financial report data using the purposive sampling method as a sampling technique. Hypothesis testing in this research uses panel data regression analysis using E Views software version 12. The research results show that simultaneously audit complexity, ownership concentration and financial distress influence Audit report lag. Meanwhile, audit complexity partially influences Audit report lag, but ownership concentration and financial distress do not influence Audit report lag.
Innovando en Educación Básica con estrategias de Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos para superar desafíos profesionales
Authors: Andrade Cedeño Fabiola Karina , Vinces Llaguno Leonardo Santiago , Villacís Vásquez Xavier Humberto
Published: January 2024

Este estudio explora la eficacia del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) en el fomento de competencias cruciales para enfrentar desafíos profesionales en alumnos de la Licenciatura en Educación Básica. Mediante una metodología híbrida que integra enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, el artículo profundiza en la dinámica entre el ABP y su impacto en la formación de futuros educadores. Los hallazgos revelan una relación significativa entre la implicación en proyectos y el avance en habilidades clave para la resolución de problemas profesionales. Se destaca que los estudiantes reconocen al ABP como un medio eficaz para estimular el pensamiento crítico, la cooperación y la aplicación práctica de conocimientos. Además, se identifican los retos que enfrentan los educadores en la implementación del ABP, proporcionando una perspectiva integral sobre su aplicación en la educación.
The profitability of artificial and natural regeneration: A forest investment comparison of Poland and the U.S. South
Authors: Chudy Rafał , Cubbage Frederick , Siry Jacek , Chudy Jacek
Published: January 2024

The historical development of silviculture has been closely related to an increasing need for timber, which resulted in more planted forests and artificial regeneration over time. The idea of natural regeneration through shelterwood cutting was often not accepted by forest owners as a management practice because of inadequate financial returns and less certain outcomes. Despite the evolving dominance of planted forests, questions remain if the lower costs of natural regeneration may still provide sufficient profitability of forest investments. In this paper, the profitability of planted versus natural forest management in Poland and the U.S. South was examined. A discounted cash flow model was developed to evaluate the profitability of artificial and natural regeneration in hypothetical Scots and loblolly pine stands in Poland and the U.S. South, respectively, and hardwood stands (dominated by oak spp.) in both countries. The results have shown that for both countries and species, natural regeneration regimes produce higher internal rates of return (IRR), largely due to less expensive establishment costs. The largest difference in returns is observed for hardwood in the US South (97 basis points, bps, or almost 1 percentage point), followed by pine in the US South (84 bps) and pine and hardwood in Poland (both ca. 70 bps).  Southern pines in the U.S. South may have larger net present values (NPV) at moderate discount rates, as well as provide more certain wood production outcomes, which have contributed to their pervasive adoption.  We conclude that natural stand forest management, in addition to better rates of return, may bring other non-financial benefits (e.g., genetic diversity, resilience), which may support forest owners and the environment, especially under changing climate conditions. Nevertheless, the regeneration method and its feasibility and profitability should be carefully considered on a case-by-case basis for each forest investment.
Dominant inhibitory adipocyte-specific secretory factor (ADSF)/resistin enhances adipogenesis and improves insulin sensitivity
Authors: Kim Kee-Hong , Zhao Ling , Moon Yangsoo , Kang Chulho , Sul Hei Sook
Published: April 2004

Adipocyte-specific secretory factor (ADSF)/resistin is a small cysteine-rich protein secreted from adipose tissue that belongs to a gene family found in inflammatory zone (FIZZ) or found in resistin-like molecule (RELM). ADSF has been implicated in modulating adipogenesis and insulin resistance. To examine the long-term function of ADSF in adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis, we constructed an expression vector for a dominant inhibitory form of ADSF by fusing it to the human IgGγ constant region (hFc). ADSF-hFc not only homodimerizes but heterooligomerizes with ADSF/resistin and prevents ADSF/resistin inhibition of adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells in a dominant negative manner. Transgenic mice overexpressing ADSF-hFc in adipose tissue show increased adiposity with elevated expression of adipocyte markers as well as enlarged adipocyte size. This finding clearly demonstrates
in vivo
the inhibitory role of ADSF in adipogenesis. ADSF-hFc transgenic mice with impaired ADSF function exhibit improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity either on chow or high-fat diets. Because of the enhanced adipocyte differentiation, the ADSF-hFc transgenic mice show increased expression of leptin and adiponectin in adipose tissue. The elevated circulating levels for these adipocyte-derived hormones with decreased plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels may account for the improved glucose and insulin tolerance in these transgenic mice.
Small cooperative activity of old rat hepatocytes may depend on composition of the intercellular medium
Authors: Brodsky Vsevolod Y. , Nechaeva Natalia V. , Zvezdina Natalia D. , Novikova Tatjana E. , Gvasava Inessa G. , Fateeva Valentina I. , Malchenko Ludmila A.
Published: April 2004

Ultradian oscillations of protein synthesis were used as a marker of hepatocyte synchronous cooperative activity producing a common rhythm in vitro; amplitude of the rhythm defines expression of the cell cooperation. Dense synchronous and sparse non‐synchronous rat hepatocyte cultures on slides in a serum‐free incubation medium 199 supplemented with 0.2 mg/ml albumin and 0.5 μg/ml insulin have been studied. The amplitude of the rhythm averaged ∼2× in dense cultures of young (3 month old) rats than in old (2 year old) rats. But some cultures of young rats had the amplitude patterns similar to cultures of old rats, and vice versa. Addition to the medium of either 0.3 μM bovine brain gangliosides or 2 μM phenylephrine resulted in increase of the oscillation amplitude in dense cultures of old rats to the level inherent in young ones. Addition to the medium of 10% rat blood serum in non‐synchronous sparse cultures from young rats resulted in detection of a protein synthetic rhythm. Although after serum from young rats, the rhythm expression was high, the rhythm after serum from old rats had been given was weak. Addition of gangliosides to old‐rat serum resulted in synchronization of sparse cultures with amplitudes inherent of young‐rat serum. The data tend to the conclusion that cell cooperation depends to a greater extent on the composition of the medium rather than on the age of the cell or animal.
Stone Age hut in Israel yields world's oldest evidence of bedding
Authors: Nadel Dani , Weiss Ehud , Simchoni Orit , Tsatskin Alexander , Danin Avinoam , Kislev Mordechai
Published: April 2004

The earliest archaeological remains of dwelling huts built by
Homo sapiens
were found in various European Upper Paleolithic open-air camps. Although floors of huts were found in a small number of cases, modern organization of the home space that includes defined resting areas and bedding remains was not discovered. We report here the earliest
in situ
bedding exposed on a brush hut floor. It has recently been found at the previously submerged, excellently preserved 23,000-year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers' camp of Ohalo II, situated in Israel on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. The grass bedding consists of bunches of partially charred
Puccinellia
confer
convoluta
stems and leaves, covered by a thin compact layer of clay. It is arranged in a repeated pattern, on the floor, around a central hearth. This study describes the bedding in its original context on a well preserved intentionally constructed floor. It also reconstructs on the basis of direct evidence (combined with ethnographic analogies) the Upper Paleolithic hut as a house with three major components: a hearth, specific working locales, and a comfortable sleeping area near the walls.
Zymogen granule exocytosis is characterized by long fusion pore openings and preservation of vesicle lipid identity
Authors: Thorn Peter , Fogarty Kevin E. , Parker Ian
Published: April 2004

The dynamics of the fusion pore that forms between a secretory vesicle and the plasma membrane are important in the regulation of both exocytosis and endocytosis. Here, we describe characteristics of fusion during zymogen granule exocytosis in exocrine pancreatic acinar cells. By using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching techniques, we show that the fusion pore remains open to allow free aqueous exchange with the vesicle lumen. There is no lipid interchange between the plasma and granule membranes during this time, and at the end of its life, the intact granule shrinks
in situ
, probably by a gradual pinching off of membrane patches. We propose that the protracted fusion pore lifetime is adapted to permit compound exocytosis, whereby the lingering primary granule acts as a conduit through which the contents of a secondary granule can be released. The lack of lipid intermixing may then facilitate selective recycling of granule membrane and preservation of apical membrane integrity.
A modular minimal cell model: Purine and pyrimidine transport and metabolism
Authors: Castellanos M. , Wilson D. B. , Shuler M. L.
Published: April 2004

A more complete understanding of the relationship of cell physiology to genomic structure is desirable. Because of the intrinsic complexity of biological organisms, only the simplest cells will allow complete definition of all components and their interactions. The theoretical and experimental construction of a minimal cell has been suggested as a tool to develop such an understanding. Our ultimate goal is to convert a “coarse-grain” lumped parameter computer model of
Escherichia coli
into a genetically and chemically detailed model of a “minimal cell.” The base
E. coli
model has been converted into a generalized model of a heterotrophic bacterium. This coarse-grain minimal cell model is functionally complete, with growth rate, composition, division, and changes in cell morphology as natural outputs from dynamic simulations where only the initial composition of the cell and of the medium are specified. A coarse-grain model uses pseudochemical species (or modules) that are aggregates of distinct chemical species that share similar chemistry and metabolic dynamics. This model provides a framework in which these modules can be “delumped” into chemical and genetic descriptions while maintaining connectivity to all other functional elements. Here we demonstrate that a detailed description of nucleotide precursors transport and metabolism is successfully integrated into the whole-cell model. This nucleotide submodel requires fewer (
12
) genes than other theoretical predictions in minimal cells. The demonstration of modularity suggests the possibility of developing modules in parallel and recombining them into a fully functional chemically and genetically detailed model of a prokaryote cell.
Arabidopsis
EIN3-binding F-box 1 and 2 form ubiquitin-protein ligases that repress ethylene action and promote growth by directing EIN3 degradation
Authors: Gagne Jennifer M. , Smalle Jan , Gingerich Derek J. , Walker Joseph M. , Yoo Sang-Dong , Yanagisawa Shuichi , Vierstra Richard D.
Published: April 2004

Ubiquitination of various intracellular proteins by ubiquitin-protein ligases (or E3s) plays an essential role in eukaryotic cell regulation primarily through its ability to selectively target proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome. Skp1, Cullin, F-box (SCF) complexes are one influential E3 class that use F-box proteins to deliver targets to a core ligase activity provided by the Skp1, Cullin, and Rbx1 subunits. Almost 700 F-box proteins can be found in
Arabidopsis
, indicating that SCF E3s likely play a pervasive role in plant physiology and development. Here, we describe the reverse genetic analysis of two F-box proteins, EBF1 and -2, that work coordinately in SCF complexes to repress ethylene action. Mutations in either gene cause hypersensitivity to exogenous ethylene and its precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. EBF1 and -2 interact directly with ethylene insensitive 3 (EIN3), a transcriptional regulator important for ethylene signaling. Levels of EIN3 are increased in mutants affecting either
EBF1
or
-2
, suggesting that the corresponding SCF complexes work together in EIN3 breakdown. Surprisingly, double
ebf1 ebf2
mutants display a substantial arrest of seedling growth and have elevated EIN3 levels, even in the absence of exogenous ethylene. Collectively, our results show that the SCF
EBF1/EBF2
-dependent ubiquitination and subsequent removal of EIN3 is critical not only for proper ethylene signaling but also for growth in plants.
To help helpdesk: a field study of online help systems in campus context
Authors: Chen Ye
Published: April 2004

This paper reports on a field‐based study of online help systems at the University of Maryland. After collecting data by means of interview, observation and focus group, analysis is grounded on the contextual data, thus shedding light on particular organizational and human behavioral issues on online help systems. The objectives of this research are to offer insights, enhance understandings, and provide a meaningful guide to design online help systems for educational institutions. Based on the contextual information and data analyses, several constructive thoughts are brought forward, along with the prototype system, for campus‐wide online help systems design. These implications include developing more time‐critical and task‐sensitive online help, merging CMC approaches, and customizing online help in terms of different user groups, even towards specialized online help systems. The limitations of this research are enunciated and future research as well.
The status of maintenance management in UK manufacturing organisations: results from a pilot survey
Authors: Cholasuke Chuenusa , Bhardwa Ramnik , Antony Jiju
Published: April 2004

The importance of the facility maintenance management in the manufacturing environment has increased rapidly as many organisations aim to become world class. For many organisations it is important to respond to the global competitive pressure by seeking to increase their productivity, maximising the overall equipment effectiveness and pursing an effective and efficient maintenance programme. By creating a set of key ingredients for effective maintenance management and success, this paper analyses the current status of these components in the UK manufacturing organisations through a pilot survey of 18 UK manufacturing respondents. A radar diagram was generated showing the current status of maintenance management in the UK. The chart shows that only one‐third of the organisations seriously consider good maintenance management practices and realise the full benefits. Any preparation of adequate reports on performance and cost is visibly lagging behind. The paper also explores the opportunities for improving maintenance management in UK manufacturing organisations. The crucial involvement of the management is fundamental to give the guidance and direction to the maintenance function.
A design of experiments approach for optimizing an extrusion blow molding process
Authors: Tahboub Khaldoun K. , Rawabdeh Ibrahim A.
Published: April 2004

This paper presents a study on implementing design of experiments for optimizing the extrusion blow molding process. The effect of screw speed, melting temperature, cooling time, pressure, mold temperature, and ambient temperatures on the outcome of the process is investigated. The significant factors affecting the volume and mass of the blow molded bottles are identified. The results show that melting temperature, pressure, and ambient temperature have a significant impact on the variation of produced bottle quality. An optimization technique is implemented to identify the best operating conditions to meet the required product output.
Simulations of the role of water in the protein-folding mechanism
Authors: Rhee Young Min , Sorin Eric J. , Jayachandran Guha , Lindahl Erik , Pande Vijay S.
Published: April 2004

There are many unresolved questions regarding the role of water in protein folding. Does water merely induce hydrophobic forces, or does the discrete nature of water play a structural role in folding? Are the nonadditive aspects of water important in determining the folding mechanism? To help to address these questions, we have performed simulations of the folding of a model protein (BBA5) in explicit solvent. Starting 10,000 independent trajectories from a fully unfolded conformation, we have observed numerous folding events, making this work a comprehensive study of the kinetics of protein folding starting from the unfolded state and reaching the folded state and with an explicit solvation model and experimentally validated rates. Indeed, both the raw TIP3P folding rate (4.5 ± 2.5 μs) and the diffusion-constant corrected rate (7.5 ± 4.2 μs) are in strong agreement with the experimentally observed rate of 7.5 ± 3.5 μs. To address the role of water in folding, the mechanism is compared with that predicted from implicit solvation simulations. An examination of solvent density near hydrophobic groups during folding suggests that in the case of BBA5, there are water-induced effects not captured by implicit solvation models, including signs of a “concurrent mechanism” of core collapse and desolvation.
Apoptosis-inducing signal sequence mutation in carbonic anhydrase IV identified in patients with the RP17 form of retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Rebello George , Ramesar Rajkumar , Vorster Alvera , Roberts Lisa , Ehrenreich Liezle , Oppon Ekow , Gama Dumisani , Bardien Soraya , Greenberg Jacquie , Bonapace Giuseppe , Waheed Abdul , Shah Gul N. , Sly William S.
Published: April 2004

Genetic and physical mapping of the RP17 locus on 17q identified a 3.6-megabase candidate region that includes the gene encoding carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that is highly expressed in the choriocapillaris of the human eye. By sequencing candidate genes in this region, we identified a mutation that causes replacement of an arginine with a tryptophan (R14W) in the signal sequence of theCA4gene at position -5 relative to the signal sequence cleavage site. This mutation was found to cosegregate with the disease phenotype in two large families and was not found in 36 unaffected family members or 100 controls. Expression of the mutant cDNA in COS-7 cells produced several findings, suggesting a mechanism by which the mutation can explain the autosomal dominant disease. In transfected COS-7 cells, the R14W mutation (i) reduced the steady-state level of carbonic anhydrase IV activity expressed by 28% due to a combination of decreased synthesis and accelerated turnover; (ii) led to up-regulation of immunoglobulin-binding protein, double-stranded RNA-regulated protein kinase-like ER kinase, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, markers of the unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress; and (iii) induced apoptosis, as evidenced by annexin V binding and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining, in most cells expressing the mutant, but not the WT, protein. We suggest that a high level of expression of the mutant allele in the endothelial cells of the choriocapillaris leads to apoptosis, leading in turn to ischemia in the overlying retina and producing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
The anatomy of semantic knowledge: Medial vs. lateral temporal lobe
Authors: Levy D. A. , Bayley P. J. , Squire L. R.
Published: April 2004

Semantic knowledge (e.g., long-established knowledge about objects, facts, and word meanings) is known to be severely impaired by damage to the anterolateral temporal lobe. For example, patients with semantic dementia have prominent atrophy in anterolateral temporal cortex and also have significant damage within the medial aspect of the temporal lobe. However, there is uncertainty about the contribution of medial temporal lobe damage, including perirhinal cortex damage, to impaired semantic knowledge. Drawing largely on published material from multiple sources, we compared the performance of severely amnesic patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions and patients with semantic dementia on nine tests of semantic knowledge and two tests of new learning ability. On the tests of semantic knowledge, the amnesic patients performed markedly better than the patients with semantic dementia. By contrast, on the tests of new learning, the patients with semantic dementia performed markedly better than the amnesic patients. We conclude that medial temporal lobe damage impairs the formation of declarative memory, and that semantic knowledge is impaired to the extent that damage extends laterally in the temporal lobe. Reports that the extent of atrophy in perirhinal cortex correlated with the severity of impaired semantic knowledge may be understood by supposing that the extent of damage in many temporal lobe areas is intercorrelated in this progressive disease, and that the extent of atrophy in perirhinal cortex is a proxy for the overall severity of dementia.
Collaborative annotation system environment (CASE) for online learning
Authors: Glover Ian , Hardaker Glenn , Xu Zhijie
Published: April 2004

This paper outlines the design and development process of an online annotation system and how it is applied to the sphere of collaborative online learning. The architecture and design of the annotation system, illustrated in this paper, have been developed to enrich collaborative learning content through adding a layer of information in online learning environments. Consideration is given to the role of the collaborative annotation system in the context of formal and informal e‐learning environments.
Third party assessment: the role of the maintenance function in an integrated management system
Authors: Bamber Christopher J. , Sharp John M. , Castka Pavel
Published: April 2004

This paper discusses the significant role of the maintenance function in an integrated management system and discusses how the efforts of maintenance management can contribute a value added perspective to the third party assessment process. Due to global competitiveness, businesses are now trading internationally and are expected to have management systems certified through a third party to international standards enhancing customer‐supplier relationships and stakeholder perceptions. This paper discusses several international standards such as ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management Systems standard, ISO 14001:1996 Environmental Management Systems standard and the internationally developed British Standards Institute OHSAS 18001 Health and Safety Management specification and how they might affect maintenance organisations in the future.
Multi‐attribute classification method for spare parts inventory management
Authors: Braglia Marcello , Grassi Andrea , Montanari Roberto
Published: April 2004

Inventory constraints, costs of lost production, safety and environmental objectives, strategies of maintenance adopted, logistics aspects of spare parts are some of the criteria taken into account, and spare parts classification is thus defined with respect to multiple attributes. In virtue of the large number of the potential operational characteristics to be considered, the decision diagram is integrated with a set of analytic hierarchy process models used to solve the various multi‐attribute decision sub‐problems at the different levels/nodes of the decision tree. An inventory policy matrix is defined to link the different classes of spare parts with the possible inventory management policies so as to identify the “best” control strategy for the spare stocks. The principles of the theory and an actual application in a company operating in the paper industry are reported in the paper.
A signal-arrest-release sequence mediates export and control of the phage P1 endolysin
Authors: Xu Min , Struck Douglas K. , Deaton John , Wang Ing-Nang , Young Ry
Published: April 2004

The Lyz endolysin of bacteriophage P1 was found to cause lysis of the host without a holin. Induction of a plasmid-cloned
lyz
resulted in lysis, and the lytic event could be triggered prematurely by treatments that dissipate the proton-motive force. Instead of requiring a holin, export was mediated by an N-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) and required host
sec
function. Exported Lyz of identical SDS/PAGE mobility was found in both the membrane and periplasmic compartments, indicating that periplasmic Lyz was not generated by the proteolytic cleavage of the membrane-associated form. In gene fusion experiments, the Lyz TMD directed PhoA to both the membrane and periplasmic compartments, whereas the TMD of the integral membrane protein FtsI restricts Lyz to the membrane. Thus, the N-terminal domain of Lyz is both necessary and sufficient not only for export of this endolysin to the membrane but also for its release into the periplasm. The unusual N-terminal domain, rich in residues that are weakly hydrophobic, thus functions as a signal-arrest-release sequence, which first acts as a normal signal-arrest domain to direct the endolysin to the periplasm in membrane-tethered form and then allows it to be released as a soluble active enzyme in the periplasm. Examination of the protein sequences of related bacteriophage endolysins suggests that the presence of an N-terminal signal-arrest-release sequence is not unique to Lyz. These observations are discussed in relation to the role of holins in the control of host lysis by bacteriophage encoding a secretory endolysin.
Opportunistic maintenance using genetic algorithms
Authors: Saranga Haritha
Published: April 2004

Opportunistic maintenance gives the maintenance crew an opportunity to replace or repair those items, which are found to be defective or needs replacement in the immediate future, during the maintenance of a sub‐system or a module. This paper tries to address the questions of how to decide whether a particular item needs opportunistic maintenance, and if so how cost effective the opportunistic maintenance is in comparison to a later grounding. These questions play an important role, especially in case of complex systems containing expensive items with hard lives and condition monitoring maintenance strategies. A systematic analysis of selection of components that require opportunistic maintenance is carried out, after which genetic algorithms are used to decide whether opportunistic maintenance is cost effective or not. A hypothetical example is used to describe the methodology for genetic algorithms.
Reconstruction of
in vivo
time-evolving neuroendocrine dose–response properties unveils admixed deterministic and stochastic elements
Authors: Keenan Daniel M. , Alexander Susan , Irvine Clifford H. G. , Clarke Iain , Scott Chris , Turner Anne , Tilbrook A. J. , Canny B. J. , Veldhuis Johannes D.
Published: April 2004

Homeostasis in the intact organism is achieved implicitly by repeated incremental feedback (inhibitory) and feedforward (stimulatory) adjustments enforced via intermittent signal exchange. In separated systems, neurohormone signals act deterministically on target cells via quantifiable effector-response functions. On the other hand,
in vivo
interglandular signaling dynamics have not been estimable to date. Indeed, experimentally isolating components of an interactive network definitionally disrupts time-sensitive linkages. We implement and validate analytical reconstruction of endogenous effector-response properties via a composite model comprising (
i
) a deterministic basic feedback and feedforward ensemble structure; (
ii
) judicious statistical allowance for possible stochastic variability in individual biologically interpretable dose–response properties; and (
iii
) the sole data requirement of serially observed concentrations of a paired signal (input) and response (output). Application of this analytical strategy to a prototypical neuroendocrine axis in the conscious uninjected horse, sheep, and human (
i
) illustrates probabilistic estimation of endogenous effector dose–response properties; and (
ii
) unmasks statistically vivid (2- to 5-fold) random fluctuations in inferred target-gland responsivity within any given pulse train. In conclusion, balanced mathematical formalism allows one to (
i
) reconstruct deterministic properties of interglandular signaling in the intact mammal and (
ii
) quantify apparent signal-response variability over short time scales
in vivo
. The present proof-of-principle experiments introduce a previously undescribed means to estimate time-evolving signal-response relationships without isotope infusion or pathway disruption.
OFIS: online faculty information system
Authors: Changiz Tahereh , Moeeny Ali , Jowshan Reza
Published: April 2004

Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, as one of the major medical universities in Iran, is an academic organization which is also responsible for all health‐related services in Isfahan province. By development of IT infrastructures in the university, top management decided to utilize the capabilities of the growing IT infrastructures in order to solve data and knowledge management problems. Faculty members who are the key component in academic activities are selected as the data entity and data source. This paper describes the process of building a Web‐based information system to collect information related to faculty members’ activities from themselves and produce an organizational knowledge base. An online faculty information system is now growing towards a nation‐wide system and is available at: www.ofis.ir
Maintenance management – an AHP application for centralization/decentralization
Authors: HajShirmohammadi Ali , Wedley William C.
Published: April 2004

The decision to centralize or decentralize different functions of a maintenance department in a plant has not been traditionally made on a systematic and quantitative basis. This paper proposes a systematic model for evaluating different maintenance organizational structures with respect to the objectives of a maintenance department. Based on a group decision process, the model provides step‐by‐step guidelines for the maintenance management and decision makers to go through the evaluation process. A case example is shown, which involves four alternative organizational structures. Examples are given to show the calculation process for grouping the assessments of individual team members and for final analysis towards the evaluation of the organizational alternatives.
FRET Sensor‐Modified Synthetic Hydrogels for Real‐Time Monitoring of Cell‐Derived Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
Authors: Yan Ziqian , Kavanagh Thomas , da Silva Harrabi Ricardo , Lust Suzette T. , Tang Chunling , Beavil Rebecca L. , Müller Manuel M. , Beavil Andrew J. , Ameer‐Beg Simon , da Silva Ricardo M.P. , Gentleman Eileen
Published: January 2024

Matrix remodeling plays central roles in a range of physiological and pathological processes and is driven predominantly by the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. How MMPs regulate cell and tissue dynamics is not well understood as in vivo approaches are lacking and many in vitro strategies cannot provide high‐resolution, quantitative measures of enzyme activity in situ within tissue‐like 3D microenvironments. Here, a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor of MMP activity is incorporated into fully synthetic hydrogels that mimic many properties of the native ECM. Fluorescence lifetime imaging is then used to provide a real‐time, fluorophore concentration‐independent quantification of MMP activity, establishing a highly accurate, readily adaptable platform for studying MMP dynamics in situ. MCF7 human breast cancer cells encapsulated within hydrogels are then used to detect MMP activity both locally, at the sub‐micron level, and within the bulk hydrogel. This versatile platform may find use in a range of biological studies to explore questions in the dynamics of cancer metastasis, development, and tissue repair by providing high‐resolution, quantitative, and in situ readouts of local MMP activity within native tissue‐like environments.