bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
narración dramatizada de la idea de España: el nacionalismo esperpéntico del Quijote de Valle-Inclán frente al de los nietos del Cid noventayochistas
Authors: Ortiz Aguirre Enrique
Published: June 2022

Desde el punto de vista literario, resulta especialmente interesante contrastar la concepción de la construcción de España desde la obra valleinclanesca respecto a la que recogen los diferentes autores de la llamada generación del 98. En este sentido, es de reseñar el nacionalismo dibujado en Luces de Bohemia frente al de otros trabajos coetáneos, sumamente enraizados en la épica, el heroísmo y la reivindicación medieval (piénsese, verbigracia, en los escritos ensayísticos de Unamuno, Maeztu, Azorín, Baroja o Cossío). Así, no podemos olvidar la importancia del tratamiento de los paradigmáticos Don Quijote y Sancho Panza como ejemplo, por antonomasia, del constructo de lo español. Contrastar la memoria que recogen acerca de estos personajes del pasado (del Barroco, concretamente, aunque en transición desde el Renacimiento con remedos medievales) para identificarlos con la idea de España es definitivo: frente a una idea imperialista, tradicional y patriótica (Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho unamuniana o Los pueblos azorinianos), nos encontramos con una visión esperpéntica de nuestro país en la obra de Valle-Inclán, desde la interpretación grotesca de Don Quijote y Sancho Panza en los personajes de Max Estrella y Don Latino de Híspalis de Luces de Bohemia. Así, mediante la deformación grotesca de personajes del pasado, Valle nos propone una idea de España nada paternalista, sino arraigada en el expresionismo y en la deformación moral: “En España el mérito no se premia. Se premia el robar y el ser sinvergüenza. Se premia todo lo malo”.
Identidad y memoria en la literatura mexicana actual. Estrategias de escritura contra la desaparición
Authors: Ema Llorente María
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo se centra en el estudio de algunos textos literarios contemporáneos dedicados al tema de la violencia y las desapariciones en México. La idea de la desaparición no se limita únicamente al aspecto físico de la desaparición de cuerpos, sino que hace referencia también a la desaparición de una determinada concepción e imagen del país. Para combatir esta amenaza tanto física como simbólica que supone la violencia, los textos se apoyan en elementos y rasgos de la identidad individual y colectiva y desarrollan estrategias de escritura que contribuyen a la construcción de memoria en tiempo presente. Entre estas estrategias se encuentran la creación de micronarrativas o microhistorias para rehumanizar a las víctimas; las alusiones a lo colectivo, lo comunitario y lo grupal como forma de cohesión y pertenencia; y la reescritura crítica de textos fundacionales. Para su estudio, se analizan textos de escritores mexicanos contemporáneos como Cristina Rivera Garza, Carmen Boullosa, Jorge Humberto Chávez, María Rivera, Sara Uribe, Gerardo Arana y Javier Raya, entre otros, en el marco de las ideas de autores como Elizabeth Jelin (2002), Gabriel Gatti (2006, 2007, 2018), John Gibler (2017) y Andreas Schedler (2018).
hantise du nom: La mémoire et la connaissance de soi dans Le voyage de Chihiro
Authors: Hung Shiau-Ting
Published: June 2022

Le voyage de Chihiro est un film d’animation japonais du réalisateur Hayao Miyazaki, sorti en 2001. La jeune héroïne Chihiro a pénétré dans un monde alternatif, et elle a rencontré Haku, Sans-Visage, ainsi que toute une galerie d’autres personnages. La présentation de ces personnages se constitue autour des métamorphoses fantastiques et des représentations des mythes, des légendes, et des folklores, qui témoignent d’une diversité culturelle. Suite à la métamorphose des parents de l’héroïne en porcidés ainsi que d’autres personnages en formes variées, les questions autour de l’identité, de la mémoire, ainsi que la singularité ou la banalité du sujet en tant qu’être humain se posent. Quand la mémoire du passé s’avère le principe primordial de survie – principe qui formule d’une certaine manière l’identité du personnage - quel mystère renferme-t-il donc le souvenir de soi à travers celui de l’autre ?

Ces interrogations sur le nom et la métamorphose problématisent le maintien du nom “véritable”, voire l’identité des personnages. Elles suscitent de nombreuses réflexions sur les influences qui s’exercent en dehors de leurs origines locales. De telles influences ne correspondent pas toujours à un voyage s’effectuant de l’Occident vers l’Orient. Au lieu d’insister sur les catégories opposées entre les deux, cet article explore le rapport entre la mémoire du passé, le nom et l’identité qui font tous référence à une diversité de sources transculturelles et contribuent à un échange transculturel dans cette œuvre, tout en entamant la réflexion sur l’interprétation allégorique de l’œuvre à partir des mondes des différents contextes culturels et sociaux.
A LEITURA E A ESCRITA NA DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL: EXPERIÊNCIAS QUE FAVORECERAM O PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: Munhoz Juliana de Souza Borges , Dias Carmen Lúcia , Santos Daniela Ferreira dos
Published: June 2022

Students with intellectual disabilities account for 67% of students targeted by special education. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functions, it is possible to observe an extra time to appropriate reading and writing, to understand written language and difficulties related to abstract thinking. Thus, it is important that teachers know the methods and the theories that are available in the literacy process. The objective of this research consisted in gathering Brazilian experiences that contributed to the advance of the process of reading and writing acquisition of students with intellectual deficiency. For this purpose, we developed a bibliographic research, consulting the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - CAPES), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations - BDTD), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Academic Google databases (GA). As a result, we verified experiments that used the Phonovisuoarticulatory, Abacada and Phonic methods and a practice that did not use a specific method. We observed that none of the practices started from the whole to the parts, being common to all of them the teaching of letters, syllables and the commitment of those involved in providing a methodology to achieve the proposed objective. We hope that this work will contribute to a rethinking of the proposed activities, towards inclusion, the development of the maximum potential and the comprehensive education of the student.
A era dos Crypto Ransomwares: um estudo de caso sobre o WannaCry
Authors: Moreira Guilherme Baesso , Calegario Vanusa Menditi , Duarte Julio Cesar , Santos Anderson F. Pereira dos
Published: June 2022

Num contexto de crescente dependência dos sistemas computacionais e da Internet, as instituições têm investido cada vez mais recursos para garantir a Segurança da Informação. Apesar dos inúmeros esforços, os incidentes continuam crescendo em frequência [CERT.br 2017] e gravidade, evidenciando a necessidade de processos mais eficientes de resposta a incidentes. Uma das ameaças em franca expansão são os Crypto Ransomwares. Este trabalho realiza um estudo de caso do WannaCry – um ransomware bastante peculiar que causou pânico no início de 2017 – com o objetivo de identificar oportunidades de melhoria nos sistemas e processos de resposta a incidentes.
Bendroji chemija. Teorija ir individualiosios užduotys
Authors: Alaburdaitė Rasa , Griškonis Egidijus , Kantminienė Kristina , Paluckienė Edita , Šulčius Algirdas , Žmuidzinavičienė Nerita
Published: June 2022

Šis leidinys skirtas savarankiškoms studijoms ir kaip pagalbinė bendrosios chemijos laboratorinių darbų priemonė. Knygoje pateiktas trumpas dvylikos temų teorijos kursas ir užduotys su sprendimo pavyzdžiais, kurie padės geriau įsisavinti žinias. Mokomoji knyga skiriama bakalauro studijų programos studentams, studijuojantiems technologinius mokslus. Ji pritaikyta moduliui „Bendroji chemija“, tačiau ja gali naudotis ir kitus chemijos dalyko modulius studijuojantys pirmojo ir aukštesniųjų kursų studentai.
Fortführungsprinzip und (Vor-)Insolvenz
Authors: Stark Maximilian
Published: June 2022

The going concern principle raises numerous practically significant questions for accounting and auditing practice in the field of accounting, insolvency and restructuring law. Based on the current legal situation, this work provides a comprehensive legal analysis of the fundamentals of the going concern principle and the effects of (impending) insolvency. In addition to current developments such as the Corona pandemic and the Corporate Stabilization and Restructuring Act (StaRUG), this work also deals with the relevant case law for the first time. Furthermore, the background of the going concern principle under European law is examined in detail and the work concludes with a legal comparison with Switzerland.
Linguistic Devices Used in Newspaper Headlines
Authors: Hadidi Yaser , Taghiyev Ilham , Ahmadova Saadat
Published: June 2022

Nowadays mass media plays a crucial role in people’s lives. Online newspapers constitute a part of media discourse, which makes for extremely important bodies of text for the purposes of research in discourse analysis. In news headlines, careful and sensitive use is made of linguistic devices in order to make the headlines unique and different, influence the readers, create trust for the newspaper, and, most importantly, invite and encourage the reader to proceed to the whole story and the main body of the report/news report. In this spirit, this study is a linguistic analysis of headlines in the political section of established online American newspapers. The data for this study comprises 50 headlines collected from 5 online newspapers revolving around the theme of Donald Trump. It aims to explore the linguistics structure of newspaper headlines in the sample articles from these 5 most widely read newspapers: The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and Washington Post. In this qualitative-quantitative study, use is made of the model by Montgomery (2007) that takes account of a comprehensive picture that pays due respects to linguistic, semantic and discursive properties of headlines alongside each other in a complete package. The findings are mapped out in the form of figures and charts. The results of the frequency analysis showed that newspapers mostly used ‘full sentence’ and ‘ellipsis’ in their headlines. The qualitative analysis revealed that most of the semantic, linguistic and discursive strategies used in headlines are geared to the ‘tactical incompleteness strategy’, a helpful notion and a part of Montgomery’s model.
Rethinking human rights protection: lessons from survivors of torture and beyond?
Authors: Jensen Steffen , Kelly Tobias
Published: June 2022

How can human rights mechanisms better protect victims of torture? The article serves as an introduction to a special issue on torture and human rights protection. It argues that human rights protection is often thought about in a way that is both too narrow and too broad to provide effective responses to the needs of survivors of torture, their families and communities. The article proposes an approach that looks at protection from the perspective of the security of survivors rather than formal norms and mechanisms. Such a perspective cannot act as a magic bullet for human rights work, but it does create space for reflection on the problems and challenges of protection from violence, and for identifying what does work, for whom, and in what ways.
Survivors perspectives: how to stay safe and struggle for justice
Authors: Wangari Sarah , Priyanthi Amitha , Kimari Wangui , Piyadasa Thiagi , Tegal Ermiza
Published: June 2022

How does one stay safe and protect ones family while fighting for justice? What are the dilemmas of protection when everyday life is a constant struggle against police and state brutality? These are questions addressed in interviews with Sarah Wangari and Amitha Priyanthi from Kenya and Sri Lanka respectively. Both women are survivors, grassroots human rights defenders and community activists, working on the frontline of the fight against torture. They were interviewed here as experts on the question of protection rather than as informants of human rights violations. As the interviews illustrate, the boundary between survivor and experts on protection is hard to draw for Sarah and Amitha. The position and practices of survivor-experts gives them a privileged point of view from which to understand what protective strategies from the point of view of survivors of state and police violence may entail. Human rights organisations would do well to heed their challenges, practices and implicit call for support and recognition if they want to stay relevant for survivors and their families.
Digital_Humanities
Authors: Burdick Anne , Drucker Johanna , Lunenfeld Peter , Presner Todd , Schnapp Jeffrey
Published: June 2022

A visionary report on the revitalization of the liberal arts tradition in the electronically inflected, design-driven, multimedia language of the twenty-first century.

Digital_Humanities is a compact, game-changing report on the state of contemporary knowledge production. Answering the question “What is digital humanities?,” it provides an in-depth examination of an emerging field. This collaboratively authored and visually compelling volume explores methodologies and techniques unfamiliar to traditional modes of humanistic inquiry—including geospatial analysis, data mining, corpus linguistics, visualization, and simulation—to show their relevance for contemporary culture. Written by five leading practitioner-theorists whose varied backgrounds embody the intellectual and creative diversity of the field, Digital_Humanities is a vision statement for the future, an invitation to engage, and a critical tool for understanding the shape of new scholarship.
El verbo del voseo americano en un algoritmo de cinco pasos
Authors: Vázquez-Larruscaín Miguel
Published: June 2022

resumen. En este trabajo se propone un algoritmo de reconocimiento de cualquier conjugación voseante basado en un análisis paramétrico de su tipología morfológica. El algoritmo consta de una secuencia de un mínimo de dos y un máximo de cinco operaciones, o pasos. Tanto la secuencia de los pasos como el contenido de las bifurcaciones del algoritmo se basan en una teoría implícita de la complejidad relativa de cada una de las variantes del verbo voseante, a su vez basada en el análisis paramétrico de la variación. En este sentido, la evaluación de la eficacia del algoritmo en la tarea de reconocimiento e identificación de las variantes se convierte en una evaluación indirecta del análisis paramétrico subyacente. Asimismo, el algoritmo invita a especular sobre la relación entre la variación de los datos y su adquisición o su aprendizaje.
First genomic resource for an endangered neotropical mega-herbivore: the complete mitochondrial genome of the forest-dweller (Baird’s) tapir (Tapirus bairdii)
Authors: Ennis Caroline C. , Ortega Jorge , Baeza J. Antonio
Published: June 2022

Baird’s tapir, or the Central American TapirTapirus bairdii(family Tapiridae), is one of the largest mammals native to the forests and wetlands of southern North America and Central America, and is categorized as ‘endangered’ on the 2014 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This study reports, for the first time, the complete mitochondrial genome ofT. bairdiiand examines the phylogenetic position ofT. bairdiiamongst closely related species in the same family and order to which it belongs using mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCG’s). The circular, double-stranded, A-T rich mitochondrial genome ofT. bairdiiis 16,697 bp in length consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCG’s), two ribosomal RNA genes (rrnS(12sribosomal RNA andrrnL(16sribosomal RNA)), and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. A 33 bp long region was identified to be the origin of replication for the light strand (OL), and a 1,247 bp long control region (CR) contains the origin of replication for the heavy strand (OH). A majority of the PCG’s and tRNA genes are encoded on the positive, or heavy, strand. The gene order inT. baiirdiis identical to that ofT. indicusandT. terrestris, the only two other species of extant tapirs with assembled mitochondrial genomes. An analysis of Ka/Ks ratios for all the PCG’s show values <1, suggesting that all these PCGs experience strong purifying selection. A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of the genusTapirusand the order Perissodactyla. The complete annotation and analysis of the mitochondrial genome ofT. bairdiiwill contribute to a better understanding of the population genomic diversity and structure of this species, and it will assist in the conservation and protection of its dwindling populations.
Machine Learning Prediction Models for Postpartum Depression, a Review of Literature
Authors: Kimwomi George , Mgala Mvurya , Mwakondo Fullgence , Kimeto Pamela
Published: June 2022

Postpartum depression is a medical condition which continue to affect many mothers after delivery even though the disease can be prevented. It consequently exposes mothers and family members to illness and even death. Families, governments and other stakeholders incur heavy expenditure in the management of the disease. Research studies have been done to develop machine learning models for prediction of mothers at risk of postpartum depression during pregnancy for preventive measures. This paper presents a literature review of the machine learning prediction models which have been developed for the condition with specific focus on feature selection methods, algorithms used and the resulting performance. Literature review was done with google scholar integrated to an online institutional account for e-resources from e-databases accessed by subscription or free access. Inclusion involved all articles with the key words “machine learning, prediction model, postpartum depression” in the articles dated from 2018 to 2022 and sorted by relevance. A total of 3430 articles were listed while only 17 which were accessible with full text were eligible and therefore selected for the study. Analyzes were done using Microsoft Excel and descriptive analysis. Findings and conclusions will inform scientists on the status of research in the area to guide new studies, and inform the market on the potential benefits of integrating machine learning models in their systems.
La estructura desde el punto de vista lingüístico
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Rabanales Ambrosio
Published: June 2022

El autor se propone -como lo indica el título de este trabajo- mostrar cómo entiende el lingüista el concepto de estructura, fundamento del estructuralismo lingüístico. Para esto, presenta primero una definición muy detallada de este término, y luego analiza, con numerosos ejemplos, cada uno de los contenidos de esta definición, considerando aspectos fonológicos, léxicos, semánticos, morfosintácticos y grafemáticos de la lengua española. Finalmente, señala la diferencia que hay -o que debería haber- entre estructura y sistema, términos que algunos emplean como sinónimos.
Homo translator
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Riedemann Hall Karin
Published: June 2022

Sin resumen.
Leopoldo Sáez Godoy: "El lenguaje secreto de las drogas" en Chile. Yerba, gomas, jale y afines (Santiago, Editorial Universidad de Santiago; 171 págs.)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Matus Olivier Alfredo
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen.
Lamíquiz, Vidal. El enunciado textual. Análisis lingüístico del discurso (Barcelona, Ariel Lingüística, 1994; 203 págs.)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Pérez Mónica
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen.
Los marcadores discursivo-conversacionales en la construcción del texto oral
Authors:   Universidad Austral de Chile, Poblete Bennett María Teresa
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo describe la sintaxis discursiva de los marcadores conversacionales en el habla de varones y mujeres del estrato alto de Valdivia. El análisis deja en evidencia: (a) las potencialidades discursivas de estas marcas conversacionales, así como su aporte en la construcción y coherencia global de los textos orales analizados, y (b ), la variación condicionada por las variables de edad y sexo.
Sobre el testimonio de la sensibilidad en el "De Rerum Natura de Tito Lucrecio Caro
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Molina Cantó Eduardo A.
Published: June 2022

En el presente trabajo se investiga el rol fundamental que juega el concepto de 'sensibilidad' al interior de la doctrina epicúrea, a la que suscribe el filósofo latino Lucrecio (ca. 97-55 a.C.). Se intenta mostrar cómo, en la concepción epicúrea del universo, se articulan la teoría atómica, la doctrina de los simulacros y el hedonismo, a partir de una noción peculiar de sensibili­dad basada en la confiabilidad absoluta en el testimonio de los sentidos.
Interacción y discurso
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Sentis B. Franklin
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo consiste en una síntesis que vincula la teoría de la interacción y el discurso con las categorías conversacionales, tales como: estructura de tumo, movimiento conversacional, estructura del texto dialógico, funciones de la conducta no verbal, etc. Se expone, además, la distinción entre compe­tencia lingüística y competencia comunicativa, desde el punto de vista cognitivo. La finalidad específica de este artículo es servir de apoyo a la docencia sobre Análisis del Discurso y del Texto.
Discourse control and leadership in Spanish conflict talk
Authors:   Monash University, Australia, Cordella Marisa , Forbes Katie ,   Monash University, Australia
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo estudia la influencia del género en la dinámica discursiva de cinco grupos mixtos de hablantes jóvenes chilenos en situaciones de discurso informal. El estudio trata de descubrir las estrategias discursivas usadas por los participantes, y de correlacionarlas con variables tales como el estatus del hablante, el género, su rol dentro del grupo, los sistemas valóricos sustentados, etc., para determinar de qué forma y en qué grado el género incide en marcar el control del discurso y el liderazgo dentro del grupo. También busca descubrir qué tipos de relaciones interpersonales se evidencian a partir de la dinámica de la argumentación, y determinan, por ejemplo, la consideración hacia los demás, el respeto, la autoimagen, etc. Se descubrió que los hablantes varones parecen tener ventajas en el control de la discusión en grupos mixtos, mediante el uso de determinadas estrategias, lo que les significaba una asignación de turnos más frecuentes, una mayor extensión en los turnos y, en general, una influencia más fuerte dentro del grupo, al compararlos con sus iguales femeninos.
Aspectos lingüísticos de la marca publicitaria
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Román Montes de Oca Domingo
Published: June 2022

En el presente artículo se hace una crítica a los trabajos teóricos sobre la marca publicitaria, especialmente a aquellos en que se reflexiona sobre su carácter verbal. Luego se revisa este objeto desde el punto de vista lingüísti-co, se especifican sus funciones, sus componentes y se proponen tipologías que superen las estudiadas.
El estudio de rasgos semánticos en cuasisinónimos y términos relacionados
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Jullian R. Paula
Published: June 2022

Este artículo da a conocer una actividad para alumnos avanzados de inglés con el fin de crear en ellos conciencia léxico-semántica y así enriquecer su vocabulario activo. Esta actividad introduce a los alumnos al estudio del significado de la palabra, investigando toda la carga semántica de términos relacionados. La metodología consiste en la colección de conjuntos léxicos; el estudio de rasgos distintivos; la identificación de las colocaciones apropia-das, las restricciones contextuales y los posibles usos metafóricos de cada palabra del conjunto. Esta metodología será de especial interés para profeso-res preocupados del estilo y que esperan que el habla de sus alumnos avanza-dos gane en precisión y fuerza léxica.
En torno a una reforma del sistema ortográfico del español: consideraciones lingüísticas
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Oyanedel F. Marcelo
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Hacia una lexicografía realista
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Castillo Natalia
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Por ende... endecasílabos en la red Internet
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, González V. Carlos E.
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Sobre las oraciones impersonales y pasivas con "se"
Authors:   Universidad de Maryland (Estados Unidos), Westphal Germán F.
Published: June 2022

Este ensayo defiende la hipótesis de que las oraciones impersonales y pasivas con “se” comparten la misma estructura, con el sintagma nominal que con-cuerda opcionalmente con el verbo en posición de objeto directo. El análisis del caso se desarrolla en el contexto del Programa Minimalista.
Algunas lexías monoverbales caracterizadoras del habla culta de Santiago de Chile: aportes para un diccionario de uso del español en chile
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Poblete V. Mario , Pons G Hernán ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Samaniego A. José Luis ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo da cuenta de la presencia de aquellas lexías monoverbales que contribuirían a determinar el perfil del hablante culto de Santiago de Chile. El estudio se basó en un corpus representativo de 25 horas de grabación de distintos tipos de discurso y estos elementos caracterizadores fueron analiza- dos por grupos etarios y por género.
Lexías complejas en un corpus periodístico chileno
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avilés Retamal Patricia , Montecino Soto Lésmer ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: June 2022

Uno de los procedimientos de creación léxica con mayor productividad en nuestra lengua es el que se origina a través de la lexicalización. Las lexías complejas o compuestos sintagmáticos son claros ejemplos de cómo se va incrementando el acervo lingüístico de los hablantes de una determinada comunidad. Este artículo presenta una descripción general de este tipo de creación léxica desde un punto de vista formal, funcional y semántico, apli-cado a un corpus periodístico chileno.
En torno al orden de las palabras en kawésqar: componentes morfológicos del verbo
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Aguilera F. Oscar E.
Published: June 2022

El orden de los componentes morfológicos del verbo kawésqar no es azaroso ni depende de las posibilidades del hablante. Los sufijos implicados en la morfología verbal siguen estrictos patrones de posición. Este trabajo da cuenta descriptivamente de cómo están ordenados los sufijos de acuerdo a categorías tales como modo, aspecto y tiempo.
La aplicación de ToBI a un corpus del español de Chile
Authors:   Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación (Chile), Ortiz Lira Héctor
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
La interpretación de compuestos ingleses por parte de hablantes de español
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Jullian R. Paula M.
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Renaud Richard (coordinador): Diccionario de hispanoamericanismos no recogidos por la Real Academia (formas homónimas, polisémicas y otras derivaciones morfosintácticas)
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Fuenzalida E. Mauricio
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Humberto López Morales: "La aventura del español en América
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Matus Alfredo
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
El prejuicio étnico en el discurso de la prensa. El caso “mapuchstock”
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile), Merino D. M. Eugenia
Published: June 2022

A través del análisis crítico del discurso de un texto periodístico se muestra cómo la elite simbólica de nuestro país realiza prácticas discriminatorias hacia los mapuches, lo que se evidencia en el uso de tres estrategias discursivas como son la intertextualidad, la ilusión de la conversación casual para estre- char la brecha entre discurso institucional y lector, y la estrategia de personalización.
Correlatos acústicos de actos de habla atenuados del español de Chile
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Roldán Yasna
Published: June 2022

En este artículo describimos los rasgos suprasegmentales de actos de habla atenuados correspondientes a una muestra de enunciados producidos en si- tuación real de comunicación. Nos interesa determinar en qué forma la atenuación se manifiesta en el contorno melódico, específicamente, en la evolu- ción del cuerpo de la curva melódica y en relación a los parámetros de duración y tono. A partir de los resultados, obtenidos mediante el análisis espectrográfico de la muestra, podemos afirmar que las variaciones de tono constituyen las características más relevantes en el comportamiento fonético de los enuncia- dos atenuados
Fenómenos gramaticales y recursos modalizadores del enunciado en el español culto de Santiago de Chile
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Poblete Vallejos Mario , Pons Galea Hernán ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Samaniego Aldazábal José Luis ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Estructura informativa y atribución
Authors:   Universidad del Bío-Bío, Pinuer Claudio
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo contiene la sistematización de una serie de conceptos pragmáticos utilizados en sintaxis funcional, los cuales son discutidos y evaluados aquí en el marco de la atribución española, en particular, de aquella que se estructura con ser, en la cual verificamos el peso de la dimensión informativa respecto de la heterogeneidad sintáctica que caracteriza a esta función gramatical.
Uso del imperfecto y pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo entre estudiantes universitarios de Bilbao (País Vasco) y Santander (Cantabria)
Authors:   Universidad de Deusto (España), Fernández Ulloa Teresa , Portillo Mayorga Rosario ,   Universidad de Cantabria (España)
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se estudia el uso del imperfecto y el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo y su sustitución por otras formas. Los datos se han extraído de un corpus de 103 tests realizados a alumnos de universidades de Bilbao y Santander y se han sometido a un análisis estadístico teniendo en cuenta las variables sexo, lugar y lengua (bilingüe o monolingüe).
The 3D‐structure, kinetics and dynamics of the E. coli nitroreductase NfsA with NADP+ provide glimpses of its catalytic mechanism
Authors: White Scott A. , Christofferson Andrew J. , Grainger Alastair I. , Day Martin A. , Jarrom David , Graziano Antonio E. , Searle Peter F. , Hyde Eva I.
Published: June 2022

Nitroreductases activate nitroaromatic antibiotics and cancer prodrugs to cytotoxic hydroxylamines and reduce quinones to quinols. Using steady‐state and stopped‐flow kinetics, we show that the Escherichia coli nitroreductase NfsA is 20–50 fold more active with NADPH than with NADH and that product release may be rate‐limiting. The crystal structure of NfsA with NADP+ shows that a mobile loop forms a phosphate‐binding pocket. The nicotinamide ring and nicotinamide ribose are mobile, as confirmed in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We present a model of NADPH bound to NfsA. Only one NADP+ is seen bound to the NfsA dimers, and MD simulations show that binding of a second NADP(H) cofactor is unfavourable, suggesting that NfsA and other members of this protein superfamily may have a half‐of‐sites mechanism.
A Bistable Variable Infrared Emissivity Device Based on Reversible Silver Electrodeposition
Authors: Tao Xin , Liu Dongqing , Liu Tianwen , Meng Zhen , Yu Jinshan , Cheng Haifeng
Published: June 2022

Reversible silver electrodeposition (RSE) can dynamically modulate visible light and infrared radiation through the reversible electrodeposition and dissolution of silver layer. However, the RSE device with bistability better than 2 h has not been reported, because the deposited silver layer may dissolve automatically without driving voltage. Here, a variable infrared emissivity device based on RSE with 24 h excellent bistability is demonstrated. A silver layer fixed at the counter electrode is used as the charge mediator, which reforms the electrochemical reactions of the counter electrode and is the key for obtaining bistability. Effects of electrolyte composition and driving voltage on the bistability are studied, and the driving voltage affects the bistability of RSE devices. This RSE device can be enlarged to 5 × 5 cm2 with uniform emissivity change of 0.48 in 2.5–25 µm using silicon wafer as the infrared transparent working electrode substrate, and display discontinuous thermal patterns through incorporating a dielectric pattern layer. The cyclability and device failure mechanism is analyzed. With the excellent bistability, the proposed RSE devices provide great application prospects in the fields of dynamic infrared information display, adaptive infrared camouflage, and smart thermal management.
Diammonium‐Mediated Perovskite Film Formation for High‐Luminescence Red Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Nan , Apergi Sofia , Chan Christopher C. S. , Jia Yongheng , Xie Fangyan , Liang Qiong , Li Gang , Wong Kam Sing , Brocks Geert , Tao Shuxia , Zhao Ni
Published: June 2022

3D mixed‐halide perovskite‐based red emitters combine excellent charge‐transport characteristics with simple solution processing and good film formation; however, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on these emitters cannot yet outperform their nanocrystal counterparts. Here the use of diammonium halides in regulating the formation of mixed bromide–iodide perovskite films is explored. It is found that the diammonium cations preferentially bond to Pb–Br, rather than Pb–I, octahedra, promoting the formation of quasi‐2D phases. It is proposed that the perovskite formation is initially dominated by the crystallization of the thermodynamically more favorable 3D phase, but, as the solution gets depleted from the regular A cations, thin shells of amorphous quasi‐2D perovskites form. This leads to crystalline perovskite grains with efficiently passivated surfaces and reduced lattice strain. As a result, the diammonium‐treated perovskite LEDs demonstrate a record luminance (10745 cd m−2) and half‐lifetime among 3D perovskite‐based red LEDs.
Perception‐to‐Cognition Tactile Sensing Based on Artificial‐Intelligence‐Motivated Human Full‐Skin Bionic Electronic Skin
Authors: Niu Hongsen , Li Hao , Gao Song , Li Yang , Wei Xiao , Chen Yuke , Yue Wenjing , Zhou Weijia , Shen Guozhen
Published: June 2022

Traditional electronic skin (e‐skin), due to the lack of human‐brain‐like thinking and judging capability, is powerless to accelerate the pace to the intelligent era. Herein, artificial intelligence (AI)‐motivated full‐skin bionic (FSB) e‐skin consisting of the structures of human vellus hair, epidermis–dermis–hypodermis, is proposed. Benefiting from the double interlocked layered microcone structure and supercapacitive iontronic effect, the FSB e‐skin exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity of 8053.1 kPa−1 (<1 kPa), linear sensitivity of 3103.5 kPa−1 (1–34 kPa), and fast response/recovery time of <5.6 ms. In addition, it can realize the evolution from tactile perception to advanced intelligent tactile cognition after being equipped with a “brain”. First, static/dynamic contactless tactile perception is achieved based on the triboelectric effect of the vellus hair bionics. Second, the supercapacitive iontronic effect based structural bionics of the epidermis–dermis–hypodermis and a five‐layer multilayer perception (MLP) enable the general intelligent tactile cognition of gesture cognition and robot interaction. Most importantly, by making full use of the FSB e‐skin with a six‐layer MLP neural network, an advanced intelligent material cognition system is developed for real‐time cognition of the object material species and locations via one contact, which surpasses the capability of humans.
Optical Optimization with Microstructure Evolution Inspired from Lepidopteran Scales
Authors: Zhao Xinkun , Wang Wanlin , Zhang Wang , Wang Bo , Li Jiyou , Zhang Di
Published: June 2022

Lepidopteran scales exhibit exquisite architectures that produce complex optical performance, such as structural colors for multiple survival strategies. However, how do these optical properties evolve to achieve such an excellent performance remains enigmatic because of the rarity of fossils and complexity of the gene regulatory network. Here, inspired by the primitive lepidopteran fossils, it is deduced that the morphology of these multilayered scales can be expressed by the basic trigonometric function sin(x) = t. A unified evolving model (UEM) is developed to reconstruct the evolutionary process from original multilayers to the current lepidopteran scale microstructures. The simulated optical response results show that factors such as the light absorption, warning coloration, and visual range intensity are optimized for survival by these insect individuals. The UEM provides a route to rationalizing other natural periodic microstructures. Furthermore, microstructure parameterization can facilitate the design of the nano‐optical materials. Corresponding results can help develop specific applications such as photothermal conversion, radiative cooling, and camouflaging.
Versatile Polarization Conversion and Wavefront Shaping Based on Fully Phase‐Modulated Metasurface with Complex Amplitude Modulation
Authors: Yue Zhen , Li Jitao , Liu Jingyu , Li Jie , Zheng Chenglong , Wang Guocui , Xu Hang , Chen Mingyang , Zhang Yating , Zhang Yan , Yao Jianquan
Published: June 2022

The fully phase‐modulated metasurfaces, implementing independent wavefront control of output cross‐ and co‐polarized components under circularly polarized (CP) incidence, can effectively break the shackles that the Pancharatnam–Berry phases and spin‐decoupled metasurfaces can only manipulate the cross‐polarization component. With this, the scheme of complex amplitude modulation is introduced as a new degree of freedom, which can further modulate the intensity and phase of the output cross‐polarized (co‐polarized) component, and thus become an alternative approach for designing multi‐functional polarization manipulation metasurfaces. Three representative metasurfaces are verified with particular polarization conversion and wavefront shaping, demonstrating the flexibility and practicability of the design scheme. Such a concept opens up a new platform for multifarious integrated optics through harnessing the new degree of freedom and may further accelerate the development of metasurface polarization optics.
Dual Optimization of Bulk and Surface via Guanidine Halide for Efficient and Stable 2D/3D Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaobo , Zhou Wencai , Chen Xiaoqing , Chen Yichuan , Li Xuhong , Wang Manqi , Zhou Ying , Yan Hui , Zheng Zilong , Zhang Yongzhe
Published: June 2022

In order to improve both performance and stability of perovskite solar cells, a design is provided by combining the advantages of high‐efficiency 3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and long‐term stability 2D PSCs. A 2D/3D hybrid perovskite film with a dual (bulk‐ and surface‐) passivation approach is realized, based on in‐depth discussion of the guanidine halide (GuX) passivation mechanisms. The approach can reduce the charge carrier losses in the bulk and prevent decomposition at the surface. Based on a combination of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, Urbach energy, and photovoltage measurements, it is indicated that the engineered components of GuX salts are GuCl for bulk treatment and GuI surface treatment, respectively. The former can lower the nonradiative recombination, and the latter can prevent the halogen‐out. Moreover, drive‐level capacitance profiling is employed in the context of the 2D/3D perovskite structure for revealing and proving the passivation mechanism. The 2D/3D hybrid perovskites achieve long‐term stability (efficiency degradation <10% after 30 days without encapsulation) and significant enhanced efficiency (22.53%) compared with the efficiency (20.31%) of the control device. This work represents a rational design strategy for bulk and surface passivation treatment in 2D/3D hybrid perovskites.
Cooperative localization and control of multiple heterogeneous robots using a string formation
Authors: Kim Jonghoek
Published: June 2022

This paper is on cooperative localization and control of multiple heterogeneous robots utilizing a string formation. This formation is preferred, since robots can move along a narrow passage utilizing this formation. Dead reckoning localization based on inertial measurement units leads to accumulated localization error. To avoid the error accumulation in dead reckoning localization, this paper introduces the last‐move strategy for multiple heterogeneous robots. In the last‐move strategy, a single robot is selected for maneuvering, and it turns on its bearing‐range sensors for a short amount of time, in order to locate itself. While the selected robot moves, all other robots stop moving and perform as static landmarks for the moving robot. A robot may not maintain its desired course, in the case where environmental disturbance is severe. We thus develop a control strategy for avoiding obstacles while estimating the disturbance direction at a robot's location. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is novel in localization and control of a team of heterogeneous robots, considering the case where environmental disturbance is severe. The proposed localization process is energy‐efficient, thus is suitable for practical applications. The performance of the proposed schemes is demonstrated utilizing MATLAB simulations.
Understanding the heterogeneity of anxiety in autistic youth: A person‐centered approach
Authors: Spackman Emily , Lerh Jian Wei , Rodgers Jacqui , Hollocks Matthew J. , South Mikle , McConachie Helen , Ozsivadjian Ann , Vaughan Van Hecke Amy , Libove Robin , Hardan Antonio Y. , Leekam Susan R. , Simonoff Emily , Frazier Thomas W. , Alvares Gail A. , Schwartzman Jessica M. , Magiati Iliana , Uljarević Mirko
Published: June 2022

The present study aimed to examine anxiety profiles among children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. It further aimed to characterize the association between the identified anxiety profiles and key clinical and developmental variables. The Spence Children's Anxiety Scale‐Parent Version (SCAS‐P) data from a large international pooled sample of 870 caregivers of autistic children and adolescents (Mage = 11.6 years, SDage = 2.77; 107 females) was used. Latent profile analysis identified a three‐anxiety profile solution exhibiting high entropy (0.80) and high latent profile probabilities, with good classification accuracy. Identified profiles fell along the severity spectrum and were named as the mild (n = 498), moderate (n = 272) and severe (n = 100) anxiety profiles. There were no statistically significant differences between the three anxiety profiles in terms of sex distribution. Participants in the mild profile were significantly younger than those in the severe profile, had significantly fewer social communication difficulties than youth in the moderate anxiety profile group and had significantly fewer restricted and repetitive behaviors and lower cognitive functioning scores compared to participants in moderate and severe anxiety profiles. This is the first study to move beyond identifying associations and group‐level differences to exploring and identifying characteristics of anxiety‐based subgroups at an individual level that differ on key clinical and developmental variables. The subgroups identified in this study are a preliminary, yet important, first step towards informing future assessment and individualized interventions aiming to support young people on the autism spectrum to reduce and manage anxiety.

Lay Summary

This study tried to understand if there are subgroups of autistic young people who may have similar anxiety profiles. We found that we could meaningfully group young people into three groups based on how severe the anxiety symptoms their caregivers reported were: a group with low levels of anxiety, those with moderate anxiety, and those with more severe anxiety. We also found that the young people in the mild group were younger, had fewer autism traits and lower levels of intellectual functioning than young people in the other two groups.
Supported Ru Single Atoms and Clusters on P‐Doped Carbon Nitride as an Efficient Photocatalyst for H2O2 Production
Authors: Bai Lulu , Sun Hao , Wu Qiang , Yao Weifeng
Published: June 2022

Photocatalytic H2O2 evolution via two‐electron oxygen reduction is a promising path for renewable and on‐the‐spot H2O2 production compared with the traditional anthraquinone method. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic production of H2O2 is usually very low. Herein, P‐doped carbon nitride loaded with ruthenium single atoms and clusters (Ruatom/P‐CN) is reported as an efficient photocatalyst for H2O2 production. The yield of H2O2 over Ruatom/P‐CN (385.8 mmol g−1 h−1) is about 4.3 times higher than that of P‐CN (88.9 mmol g−1 h−1) and 3.6 times higher than that of ruthenium nanoparticles loaded P‐CN (105.9 mmol g−1 h−1). Further mechanistic study indicates that the presence of Ru in the form of single atoms and clusters not only improves the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers and inhibits the recombination of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs, but also increases the reactive sites of this catalytic system. This study breaks through people‘s understanding that precious metal loading is not conducive to H2O2 selectivity and provides a new way to prepare low‐metal loading, high‐activity photocatalysts for H2O2 production.
Decomposition Kinetics of H2O2 on Pd Nanocrystals with Different Shapes and Surface Strains
Authors: Shi Yifeng , Elnabawy Ahmed O. , Gilroy Kyle D. , Hood Zachary D. , Chen Ruhui , Wang Chenxiao , Mavrikakis Manos , Xia Younan
Published: June 2022

Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from H2 and O2 on a Pd‐based catalyst has emerged as a promising route to replace the energy‐consuming, highly inefficient anthraquinone process. However, Pd is also a good catalyst for the decomposition of H2O2, thereby compromising the selectivity toward the desired product. The coupling between the formation and decomposition reactions makes it difficult to single out the most important parameter that controls the selectivity toward direct synthesis of H2O2. Herein, support‐free monometallic Pd nanocrystals with different shapes and surface strains are used to investigate their impacts on the decomposition kinetics of H2O2. The kinetics are analyzed by tracking the concentration of the remaining H2O2 using infrared spectroscopy. The data indicates that both surface structure and strain affect the decomposition kinetics of H2O2, but their impacts are inferior to that caused by Br−, a surface capping agent for the Pd{100} facets. The experimental results are consistent with the trend obtained through density functional theory calculations. This work helps shed light on the development of Pd‐based catalysts for the direct synthesis of H2O2 by offering strategies to mitigate the decomposition of the desired product.