bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of single-nucleotide polymorphism in SLCO1B1 and CDA genes on response and toxicity of induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hamdy Sara , El Ghandour Ashraf , Zaki Nadia , Abdelfattah Fatma , Tahoun Mona
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease marked by clonal growth of myeloblasts in the bone marrow and peripheral circulation, leading to inefficient hematopoiesis and bone marrow failure. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the metabolism of gold standard drugs used in AML treatment influence treatment-related toxicities, response, and survival.

Aim

To study SNP rs (532545) of the CDA gene and SNP rs(2291075) of the SLCO1B1 gene in newly diagnosed adults with AML.

Patients and methods

The study included 75 newly diagnosed adult patients with AML admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital in the period between November 2020 and December 2021. Clinical data and bone marrow samples were obtained. Molecular genetic analysis involving CDA and SLCO1B1 single-nucleotide gene polymorphisms was done using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism-coupled analys real time PCR.

Results

The mean age was 40.3 ± 13.12 years. After induction chemotherapy with a 3 + 7 protocol, 29 (38.7%) patients achieved complete remission. Patients with homozygous variant T/T of SLCO1B1 gene had a lower risk of treatment-related anemia in comparison with C/T and C/C genotypes (P<0.001). The heterozygous C/T variant of the CDA gene rs (532545) had better relapse-free survival and overall survival when compared with the C/C and T/T genotypes, respectively. No statistically significant correlation between CDA and SLCO1B1 single-nucleotide gene polymorphisms and postinduction treatment response was found.

Conclusion

Polymorphisms in SLCO1B1 and CDA genes involved in chemotherapy metabolism pathways can be useful in assessment of treatment-related toxicities and overall survival.
Cognitive and psychosocial functioning in long-term survivors of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Mohamed Wafaa Ezzat Ibrahim , Zaky Eman Ahmed , Kenny Mahmoud Adel , Nawar Marwa Magdy Hassan , Kassem Sabah Mohamed , Elhamid Salwa Amin Abd
Published: April 2024

Background

Long-term survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) may encounter issues that lower their quality of life. Data on the psychological effects of HSCT in childhood are scarce. Morever, the effect of HSCT on cognitive function is regarded as a key issue.

Objectives

Assess survivors of HSCT for cognitive or psychological affection and explore their quality of life after HSCT.

Patients and methods

A cross-sectional Study was conducted on 25 long-term survivors of HSCT. The children psychological aspects were assessed using Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), Self-esteem score of Rosenberg, Children Depression Inventory, Children anxiety scale, Pediatric Quality of Life (QOL),Wechsler III for IQ.

Results

The psychological evaluation scores of 14 males and 11 females showed that 28% of survivors had mild anxiety, 40% had a moderate anxiety and 32% had sever anxiety, according to PSC, 36% only reported emotional and behavioral problems. Regarding depression scale, 36% had mild depression and 12% had moderate depression and only 8% had severe depression. There was significant positive correlation between the survival period after transplantation and IQ (P value 0.008). There was statistically significant association between post-transplant infections and lower QOL (P value 0.047). Another significant association between chronic GVHD and lower self-esteem score (P value 0.031).

Conclusion

These findings brought to light ongoing issues with the cognitive and psychological evaluation of pediatric long-term survivors of HSCT, as well as the impact of chronic GVHD and post-transplant infection on their psychological evaluation, particularly on self-esteem score and QOL, respectively. Therefore, it is crucial to create focused treatments for pediatric HSCT care in Egypt. Psychologists must be a part of the transplantation care team.
Co-existence of hematological disease in cardiac patients presented with chest pain
Authors: Azeem Rashid , Ullah Abid , Shah Syed S A , Khan Saba , Zeb Shah , Hussain Ijaz
Published: April 2024

Introduction

The important association between hematological disorders and cardiovascular system originates within multiple points of interface, ranging from heart and its structural constituents, coronary arteries and veins, cerebrovascular, pulmonary and peripheral vasculature. Any anomaly of either of the blood components can severely affect the blood flow and blood viscosity which finally leads to thrombosis.

Objective

This study will help clinicians to evaluate those patients having hematological abnormality and are having potential prothrombotic state due to abnormal hemostasis.

Rationale

Introducing cardiac health screening in patients with any hematological disease can improve the quality of life of these patients.

Material and methods

This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in hematology Department of Peshawar institute of Cardiology after approval from hospital ethical and research committee. Study duration was 6 months. All patients were subjected to detailed history, clinical examination. Demographic (Age, Gender) and relevant clinical information. Investigation like CBC, coagulation profile, hemolytic profile, Chest X-ray, ECG, Echo, Angiography findings were used to monitor patient’s clinical status.

Results

Out of 43 patients, 08 cases (18.60%) presented were of benign hematological disorder and the rest 35 cases (81.40%) presented with malignant hematological disorders. A significant P- value of (0.000) was observed in patients with malignant hematological disorder in association with benign hematological disorders.

Conclusion

From our study findings, several local and international platforms data, it can be concluded that those hematological abnormalities which have direct or indirect association with thromboembolic events can present with cardiac manifestation in the form of chest pain or acute myocardial injury at any stage of disease process. Therefore, clinicians must evaluate patients having hematological abnormality and are having potential prothrombotic state due to abnormal hemostasis for cardiac manifestation of the disease as well.
Lavender Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Attentional Shifting and Accuracy: Evidence from Dynamic Changes of Cognitive Flexibility and Power Spectral Density of Electroencephalogram Signals
Authors: Afghan Reyhaneh , Heysieattalab Soomaayeh , Zangbar Hamid Soltani , Ebrahimi-Kalan Abbas , Jafari-Koshki Tohid , Samadzadehaghdam Nasser
Published: April 2024

Background:

Cognitive flexibility, a vital component of executive function, entails the utilization of extended brain networks. Olfactory stimulation has been shown to influence various brain functions, particularly cognitive performance.

Method:

To investigate aroma inhalation’s effects on brain activity dynamics associated with cognitive flexibility, 20 healthy adults were recruited to complete a set-shifting task during two experimental conditions: no aroma stimuli vs. lavender essential oil inhalation. Using Thomson’s multitaper approach, the normalized power spectral density (NPSD) was assessed for five frequency bands.

Results:

Findings confirm that aroma inhalation significantly affects behavioral indices (i.e., reaction time (RT) and response accuracy) and electroencephalogram (EEG) signatures, especially in the frontal lobe. Participants showed a tremendous increase in theta and alpha NPSD, associated with relaxation, along with beta NPSD, associated with clear and fast thinking after inhaling the aroma. NPSD of the delta band, an indicator of the unconscious mind, significantly decreased when stimulated with lavender essential oil. Further, participants exhibited shorter RT and more accurate responses following aroma inhalation.

Conclusion:

Our findings revealed significant changes in oscillatory power and behavioral performance after aroma inhalation, providing neural evidence that olfactory stimulation with lavender essential oil may facilitate cognitive flexibility.
Bioceramic Materials: A Boon in Pediatric Dentistry: A Literature Review
Authors: Ayub Sheenam , Gupta Sonal , Gumro Menia
Published: April 2024

Over the past few decades, bioceramic materials have developed from extremely biocompatible, but low-strength dental materials to novel product compositions for broader clinical uses in pediatric dentistry. The most crucial thing is to better understand the elements that encourage remineralization and how they operate dynamically. Some of the major drawbacks of prior generations of endodontic materials have been effectively solved by new bioceramic materials. In particular, these materials have been used for vital pulp therapy treatment, restorative, and root canal procedures in a variety of dental applications. They may be used in clinical pediatric dentistry since they have been demonstrated to be more biocompatible, induce tissue regeneration, have low cytotoxicity, excel at sealing, cause little to no postoperative pain, and have improved physiochemical properties. When employing bioceramic materials, it is crucial to adhere to suitable clinical standards and techniques to guarantee positive results in pediatric dentistry. Therefore, the focus of this review is on the properties and advantages of using bioceramic materials in pediatric dentistry.
Association between Spirituality and Oral Health-related Behavior among Adult Population in Chengalpattu District – A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Anupreya Muthuselvan , Karthikayan Ravi , Vishnuprasad Subramaniyan
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Integrating existing theory and research, this paper is a study about the association between spirituality and oral health-related behavior among the Chengalpattu adult population.

Materials and Methods:

Based on Hodge’s framework, we claimed that spirituality has an indirect association with oral health practices. The adult population was made to answer a questionnaire consisting of several questions supporting their spiritual orientation and also their oral health behavior.

Results:

Participants who are spiritually oriented persons reported moderate-to-good oral health-related behavior.

Conclusion:

This study result indicates the importance of spiritual health in accomplishing healthy behavior.
Bridging the Gap: Oral Health-care Delivery Plan in Tribal Belt of Western India
Authors: Arun Arpitha , Kokode Aparna , Gautam Gagan , Thakkar Vaibhav , Ramachandran Venkataramanan , Oswal Kunal
Published: April 2024

Background:

India has launched many initiatives to achieve Universal Health Coverage, despite there exist gaps in oral health-care need and service delivery. Especially in tribal areas, due to the prevalence of risk factors as well as the lack of accessibility and affordability for health-care services, oral diseases remain unidentified and untreated. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the needs and design an implementation plan for sustainable and culturally acceptable oral health-care delivery in one of the tribal blocks of Mokhada in the state of Maharashtra, Western India.

Methodology:

The study included participants above 18 years of age and adopted a co-design approach. Data collection methods consisted of a short-form survey and focused group discussion. Convenient and purposive sampling methods were used to select participants for quantitative and qualitative data collection, respectively. Quantitative data analysis was performed using the STATA 16 tool, whereas thematic analysis was performed for the qualitative data. Need assessment led to the design of implementation by engaging multiple stakeholders.

Results:

A total of 2008 adults participated in the survey with a mean age being 37.7 years. 52.4% of participants were male. Out of 2008 screened, 83.2% were found to have at least one oral disease and a high prevalence of tobacco consumption (42%). Barriers of oral healthcare-seeking behaviour were addressed in the proposed model of care. Accordingly, a twice-a-week functional comprehensive oral care health-care model was integrated into the already existing health center of a community led development organization and portable mobile dental unit were planned with the support of multiple stakeholders.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrates the feasibility of delivering oral healthcare through integration into primary healthcare and multiple stakeholder engagement.
Fluoride Application in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy: An Overlooked Protocol for Preserving Radiant Smiles
Authors: Rajput Aman , Gupta Vinay Kumar , Bhatia Sonal , Aggarwal Aayushi
Published: April 2024

This case report focuses on the rising incidence of oral and maxillofacial tumors, requiring multimodal therapy involving surgery and radiotherapy. Radiotherapy, integral to cancer treatment, poses oral health challenges, notably radiation-related caries. Severe complications such as mucositis, xerostomia, and osteoradionecrosis highlight the critical role of optimal oral hygiene practices in managing these conditions. The presented case involves a 38-year-old male with a history of verrucous carcinoma, undergoing composite resection, modified neck dissection, and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction. Adjuvant radiotherapy requires a comprehensive approach to minimize complications. Here, the focus is on fluoride treatment, specifically Fluoritop SR Dental Varnish, to prevent radiation-related caries. A multidisciplinary approach, including fluoride application, vigilant monitoring, patient education, and collaboration, is crucial for minimizing complications in oral malignancy radiotherapy. Emphasizing fluoride’s significance in preventing radiation-related caries, this care plan contributes to awareness and improves oral health outcomes in this patient population.
Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura and Dowling-Degos disease overlap: a rare case report
Authors: Yadav Anukriti , Sarkar Rashmi , Sinha Surabhi , Mendiratta Vibhu , Agarwal Kiran
Published: April 2024

Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAK) and Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) belong to the rare heterogeneous group of reticulate pigmentary disorders. They are inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable penetrance and are characterized by the presence of hyperpigmented macules coalescing in a reticular fashion. We hereby describe a 29-year-old male patient having hyperpigmented macules on the neck, axillae, dorsum of the hands and feet, along with palmar pitting. A clinicopathological overlap of both these entities (RAK and DDD) was seen in this patient, which is a rare occurrence, indicating that they are two different phenotypic presentations of a single disease.
Changes in food sufficiency among Korean adults in urban and rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of the 7th and 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Jeong Sarang , Jeong Jin-Young , Park Sohyun
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES: Understanding changes in food sufficiency within various demographic groups during emergency situations, such as the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is crucial in formulating public health policies for future preparedness. This study investigated potential differences between urban and rural residents in food sufficiency trends during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined how these changes varied according to socio-demographic factors.METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 19,724 adults aged 20 years and older, utilizing information from the 7th-8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2018-2021).RESULTS: In urban areas, across all subpopulations, food sufficiency improved significantly during the COVID-19 period relative to pre-pandemic levels (p<0.001). However, in rural regions, a significant increase in food sufficiency during the COVID-19 era was observed only among female, with an odds ratio of 1.42 (95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.89). Nevertheless, no significant interaction terms were found between region and various socio-demographic factors regarding changes in food sufficiency during the COVID-19 period.CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, food sufficiency among urban residents improved compared to the pre-pandemic era, whereas their rural counterparts saw no such improvement. Additionally, no significant interaction was detected between urban versus rural areas and changes in food sufficiency during the COVID-19 period. These findings indicate the need for targeted food policies to prepare for potential future pandemics, particularly in rural areas, where food sufficiency did not improve.
Hydrogen Injection Position Impact: Experimental Analysis of Central
Direct Injection and Side Direct Injection in Engines
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed , Mirshahi Milad , Jiang Changzhao , Zhao Hua , Harrington Anthony , Hall Jonathan
Published: April 2024

A detailed investigation was carried out on the performance, combustion, and
emissions of a single-cylinder direct injection hydrogen spark ignition (SI)
engine with either a side-mounted direct injection (SDI) or a centrally
installed direct injection (CDI) injector.

The first part of the study analyzed the performance and emissions
characteristics of CDI and SDI engine operations with different injection
timings and pressures. This was followed by comparing the engine’s performance
and emissions of the CDI and SDI operations at different engine speeds and
relative air-to-fuel ratios (lambda) with the optimized injection pressure and
timings. Furthermore, the performance and emission attributes of the hydrogen
engine with the CDI and SDI setups were conducted at a fixed λ value of 2.75
across a broad spectrum of engine loads.

The study’s main outcome demonstrates that both direct injection systems produced
near-zero CO2, CO, and HC emissions. Stable engine operations could
be achieved over a wide range of air-to-fuel ratios by the CDI and SDI setups,
though the CDI enabled a wider range from stoichiometric to lambda = 3.8. The
CDI system also offered noticeably higher thermal efficiencies than the SDI
engine. The study also illustrated the sensitivity of each injection system to
the variation of the injection pressure and timing and identified the optimum
operation settings for each system. Finally, the study indicates that the
emissions characteristics of CDI and SDI are similar at low and mid-load,
although SDI resulted in both higher NOx and hydrogen emissions than CDI.
Comparison of Tabulated and Complex Chemistry Approaches for
Ammonia–Diesel Dual-Fuel Combustion Simulation
Authors: Krnac Dominik , Manickam Bhuvaneswaran , Holand Peter , Pathak Utkarsh , Scharl Valentin , Sattelmayer Thomas
Published: April 2024

Using ammonia as a carbon-free fuel is a promising way to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions in the maritime sector. Due to the challenging fuel properties, like
high autoignition temperature, high latent heat of vaporization, and low laminar
flame speeds, a dual-fuel combustion process is the most promising way to use
ammonia as a fuel in medium-speed engines.

Currently, many experimental investigations regarding premixed and diffusive
combustion are carried out. A numerical approach has been employed to simulate
the complex dual-fuel combustion process to better understand the influences on
the diffusive combustion of ammonia ignited by a diesel pilot. The simulation
results are validated based on optical investigations conducted in a rapid
compression–expansion machine (RCEM). The present work compares a tabulated
chemistry simulation approach to complex chemistry-based simulations. The
investigations evaluate the accuracy of both modeling approaches and point out
the limitations and weaknesses of the tabulated chemistry approach. When using
two fuels, the tabulated chemistry approach cannot reproduce misfiring events
due to inherent model limitations. By adjusting the model parameters of the
tabulated chemistry model, it is possible to reproduce experimental results
accurately for a specific case. However, using the adjusted parameters for
simulations with changed injection timing or interaction angle between the
sprays shows that no predictive calculations are possible. The parameter set is
only valid for a single operation point.

Further simulations show that the complex chemistry approach can capture the
complex interaction between both directly injected fuels for different operation
points. It correctly predicts the ignition as well as heat release. Therefore,
the approach allows predictive combustion simulations. Furthermore, it
reproduces the occurrence of misfiring in cases of unsuitable interaction of
both sprays and injection timing.
Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein levels as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma and their correlation with radiological characteristics
Authors: Qadeer Muhammad Ali , Abbas Zaigham , Amjad Shaima , Shahid Bushra , Altaf Abeer , Siyal Mehreen
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a commonly used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is normal in up to one-third of patients.

AIM

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of des-gamma-carboxy-prothrombin (DCP) alone and in combination with AFP.

METHODS

In this study, 202 patients with radiologically proven HCC were enrolled, and their DCP and AFP levels were evaluated for their diagnostic performance.

RESULTS

The mean age of the enrolled patients was 58.5 years; 72.0% were male. DCP was elevated in 86.6% (n = 175) of all patients, 100.0% (n = 74) of patients with portal vein thrombus, and 87.4% (n = 111) of patients with multicentric HCC. AFP was elevated in 64.3% (n = 130) of all the patients, 74% (n = 55) of the patients with portal vein thrombus, and 71.6% (n = 91) of the patients with multicentric HCC (P = 0.030, 0.001, and 0.015, respectively). In tumors less than 2 cm in size (n = 46), DCP was increased in 32 (69.5%) patients, and AFP was increased in 25 (54.3%) patients (P = 0.801). There was good pairing between DCP and AFP for HCCs of 2 cm size or larger (P < 0.001); however, the pairing among tumors < 2 cm size was not significant (P = 0.210). In 69 of the patients (34.1%), only one of the tumor markers was positive; DCP was elevated alone in 57/202 (28.2%) of all patients, and AFP alone was elevated in 12/202 (5.9%) of the patients. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) for tumors > 2 cm was 0.74 for DCP and 0.59 for AFP; combining both markers resulted in an AUROC of 0.73. For tumors < 2 cm, the AUROC was 0.25 for DCP and 0.40 for AFP.

CONCLUSION

DCP, as an individual marker, had a better diagnostic performance in many cases of HCC. Hence, DCP may replace AFP as the primary HCC biomarker.
Prevalence and outcome of sarcopenia in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Giri Suprabhat , Anirvan Prajna , Angadi Sumaswi , Singh Ankita , Lavekar Anurag
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a spectrum of conditions, progressing from mild steatosis to advanced fibrosis. Sarcopenia, characterized by decreased muscle strength and mass, shares common pathophysiological traits with NAFLD. An association exists between sarcopenia and increased NAFLD prevalence. However, data on the prevalence of sarcopenia in NAFLD and its impact on the outcomes of NAFLD remain inconsistent.

AIM

To analyze the prevalence and outcomes of sarcopenia in patients with NAFLD.

METHODS

We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant studies in MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus from their inception to June 2023. We included studies that focused on patients with NAFLD, reported the prevalence of sarcopenia as the primary outcome, and examined secondary outcomes, such as liver fibrosis and other adverse events. We also used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for quality assessment.

RESULTS

Of the 29 studies included, the prevalence of sarcopenia in NAFLD varied widely (1.6% to 63.0%), with 20 studies reporting a prevalence of more than 10.0%. Substantial heterogeneity was noted in the measurement modalities for sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was associated with a higher risk of advanced fibrosis (odd ratio: 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.44-2.70). Increased odds were consistently observed in fibrosis assessment through biopsy, NAFLD fibrosis score/body mass index, aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio, diabetes (BARD) score, and transient elastography, whereas the fibrosis-4 score showed no such association. Sarcopenia in NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risks, and mortality.

CONCLUSION

This systematic review highlights the critical need for standardized diagnostic criteria and measurement methods for sarcopenia in NAFLD patients. The variability in study designs and assessment methods for sarcopenia and liver fibrosis may account for the inconsistent findings. This review demonstrates the multidimensional impact of sarcopenia on NAFLD, indicating its importance beyond liver-related events to include cardiovascular risks, mortality, and metabolic complications.
Promoting Equal Access in German Adult Education
Authors: Lacher Sophie
Published: April 2024

This article examines how access to adult education (AE) in Germany meets the principle of “Leaving No One Behind” and explores the dynamics and challenges of the sector. It categorises AE into company-based AE, individual vocational AE, and non-vocational AE, and examines the complexities and challenges of mobilising resources for these sectors. Using Schuetze’s (2009) theoretical framework on the financing of lifelong learning, this study critically examines the allocation of resources within the German AE landscape. Drawing on current policy documents and recent research, the analysis highlights key policy adjustments needed to ensure equitable access to AE for all. While Germany has made progress in certain areas, the research points to partial compliance with the principle of “Leaving No One Behind” and highlights persistent inequalities that are inadequately addressed by existing policies. This article calls for more inclusive and comprehensive approaches and emphasises the need for a strategic mobilisation of resources.
Assessing the practical implications of the Foreign Subsidies Regulation – revisiting the acquisition of Vossloh Locomotives by CRRC
Authors: Yarak Simon , Robins Nicole , Couto Francisco , Marengon Matteo
Published: April 2024

The EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation became applicable last year. To assess its potential impact, this article explores what might have happened had the Regulation been applied to the acquisition of Vossloh Locomotives by CRRC, the Chinese state-owned supplier of rolling stock equipment. The Bundeskartellamt cleared the merger in 2020, even though it concluded that CRRC had ‘theoretically unlimited access’ to subsidies. This article highlights how, from an economics perspective, the assessment might have been different under the FSR, with the potential to lead to a different outcome.
New directions in theories of criminalization
Authors: Crosweller Paige
Published: April 2024

Over the past few decades criminal law scholarship has been dominated by moralistic conceptions of the criminal law but recent years have seen the emergence of the so-called ‘political turn’ in criminal law theorizing. In this article I analyze the theory proffered by Vincent Chiao, one of the most persuasive proponents of the political or ‘public law’ trend, in contradistinction to the moralistic theory of criminalization defended by Anthony Duff. I demonstrate that the differences between the two theories are more nuanced and more complex than first appears. In fact, because of how it concerns itself only with moral wrongdoing of a certain kind – namely, public wrongdoing – it turns out that Duff’s theory is best analyzed as a version of the public law account of criminal law. I argue that taking on Chiao’s public law approach, but allowing it to be informed by the principles of Duff’s (rather than Chiao’s) political philosophy, holds out the most promise for reaching a satisfactory conception of criminal law. I finish by considering this conclusion in light of the fact that hybrid theories are nothing new in the debate between retributivism and instrumentalism, a dividing line along which Chiao’s and Duff’s theories fall. I argue that the particular hybrid theory I defend holds important advantages over other such theories.
Carrières d’algorithmes : la détection automatique de motifs dans des graphes (années 1950–1970). Contribution à l’histoire des premiers apports des sciences sociales à l’informatique
Authors: Plutniak Sébastien
Published: April 2024

Plutniak, Sébastien. 2021. “Assyrian Merchants meet Nuclear Physicists: History of the Early Contributions from Social Sciences to Computer Science. The Case of Automatic Pattern Detection in Graphs (1950s–1970s)”, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 46, 4, p. 547-568, doi: 10.1080/03080188.2021.1877502.

La détection de communautés est une question centrale en analyse de réseaux. Cet article combine une approche socio-historique à la reconstruction expérimentale de programmes informatiques afin d'éclairer l'histoire des premiers algorithmes de détection de cliques, problème qui compte encore aujourd'hui parmi les problèmes NP-complets non résolus. Restituer les recherches menées par l'archéologue Jean-Claude Gardin depuis les années 1950 sur le traitement de l'information non numérique et l'analyse de graphes met en évidence ces contributions précoces à l'informatique réalisées depuis les sciences humaines et sociales. Ces applications originales de l'informatique aux humanités ont reçu une réception et une reconnaissance limitées. Ce fait est éclairé par deux facteurs : 1) les politiques de financement, qui ont motivé le transfert des efforts de recherche sur les graphes depuis un éphémère espace interdisciplinaire vers des organisations de recherche en informatique, domaine alors émergent ; 2) les carrières erratiques des algorithmes, où l'efficacité, les erreurs, les corrections et le statut des auteurs ont été des facteurs déterminants. Ces facteurs se combinent aux effets des historiographies et des bibliographies sur la conservation, la découvrabilité et la réutilisation des résultats scientifiques.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme on Dietary Management of Hypertension among Hypertensive Patients Attending the OPD in Selected Hospitals in Bangalore
Authors: Akram Md. Washim , R Dinesh Kumar.
Published: April 2024

Hypertension is significantly associated with increased morbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure and renal failure. Therefore, investigators felt the need to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured instructional program on knowledge of dietary management of hypertension in OPD patients in selected hospitals in Bangalore. Through this study, the investigator also focused on imparting knowledge regarding dietary management of hypertension among OPD patients and also providing quality nursing care. For this study, a qualitative evaluative technique was applied, and a pre-experimental research design was used by the researcher. Purposive sampling procedures were used to gather the samples. As a conceptual framework, the researcher used J W Kenny's open system model. In this study, there are six objectives and two separate hypotheses that were investigated. The demographic variable was obtained by using a structured interview schedule, and the information was gathered using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the mean post-test score was 16.27 which is greater than the table value (2. 02) at a P=0.05 level of significance. Therefore, the "t" value is found to be significant. It means there was a gain in the knowledge level of hypertension patients. This supports that a structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding dietary management is effective in increasing the knowledge level of hypertension patients.
Integrated Approaches in Data Mining for Wine Quality Prediction
Authors: Bhaskar T. , Gorde Vedant Nivrutti , Wable Mahesh Dattatraya , Vairal Tejas Gorakshnath , Aglave Om Mukund , Mohojakar Piyush Kiran
Published: April 2024

Many types of people are enjoying wine more and more these days. To support this growth, the wine industry is investigating innovative technologies for wine-making and wine-selling operations. Our analysis reveals high accuracy rates in predicting wine quality, with key attributes such as alcohol content and volatile acidity significantly influencing predictions. We conduct cross-validation and hyperparameter tuning to ensure robustness and optimization. Our findings showcase the potential of machine learning in streamlining wine quality assessment, paving the way for automated systems to maintain consistency and meet consumer expectations in the wine industry. Furthermore, we discuss the practical implications of our findings for the wine industry, emphasizing the potential for implementing automated quality assessment systems based on machine learning algorithms. Such systems could enhance efficiency, reduce production costs, and ensure consistent quality across different batches of wine. Overall, our study contributes to the growing body of research on applying machine learning techniques to solve real-world problems in the food and beverage industry, with specific relevance to wine quality prediction.
Estudios Locos y psicología social crítica: claves para una investigación activista en salud mental desde América Latina
Authors: Cea Madrid Juan Carlos
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo indaga en las contribuciones de la psicología social crítica y los Estudios Locos para pensar las relaciones de poder e interrogar los mecanismos de dominación en el campo de la salud mental. Al establecer una postura crítica y una voluntad comprometida en la producción de conocimientos, la articulación de estas dos escuelas de pensamiento permite cuestionar las asimetrías de poder en los procesos de investigación y sostener nuevas formas de comprender la locura en nuestro continente. Desde una perspectiva latinoamericana, se plantea difuminar las fronteras disciplinarias, desarrollar metodologías alternativas y favorecer las intersecciones y alianzas con otras luchas y movimientos sociales. En torno a estas elaboraciones, se propone la investigación activista como otra manera de generar saberes con las comunidades locas e impulsar procesos de reconstrucción epistémica y justicia emancipatoria en la salud mental contemporánea.
STRATEGIC PLANNING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTION IN MACEDONIA TROUGH A SWOT ANALISIS
Authors:   University St. Kliment Ohridski – Bitola, Scientific tobacco institute – Prilep, North Macedonia, Pashovska Silvana
Published: April 2024

The production of oriental tobacco in the Republic of North Macedonia has real development opportunities during a long-term period, viewed from the perspective of world requirements for the representation of oriental types of tobacco in the tobacco mixture in the production of quality cigarettes, as well as for other, broader needs of this type. tobacco at the world level. In addition, precisely the production of tobacco in Macedonia, for a large part of the population provides a condition for improving its social and economic position, engagement of almost all members of the family, creation of work habits (of course, within the framework of non-abuse of child labor) among young people , and thus their possible turning away from bad habits and from reaching out to vices, as well as generally speaking, improving the financial benefits for the state. In perspective, tobacco production, with some oscillations, has a stable trend of movements, with slight upward trends in world production, which we need to adjust and follow. Bearing in mind the significance and importance of tobacco as an industrial culture from an economic and social aspect, it is necessary to analyze all aspects significant for this sphere, i.e. all weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats, sublimated in a detailed SWOT analysis through which perceived the impact of the internal and external environment, as well as the challenges that follow in the future. Precisely because of this, this paper is aimed at analyzing the factors important for tobacco production, by giving recommendations for taking future steps that will lead to greater efficiency and effectiveness of all stakeholders involved in this activity.
BENTHIC ALGAE AS BIOINDICATORS IN ASSESSING ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF ČEMERNICA AND DIČINA RIVERS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, Serbia, Markeljić Kristina , Rakonjac Aleksandra ,   Institute for Vegetable Crops, Smederevska Palanka, Serbia, Đorđević Nevena ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia, Brković Duško ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, Serbia, Simić Snežana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to assess the ecological status/potential of the Čemernica and Dičina rivers (Zapadna Morava basin) based on epilithic diatoms and supporting physico-chemical parameters, as well as to explore indicative properties of the detected macroalgae. The sampling and analysis of benthic algae and measurement of physico-chemical parameters were carried out in August 2023. The ecological status/potential of the Čemernica River was poor to bad at all investigated sites (ČR1, ČR2, ČR3) based on diatom indices and physico-chemical parameters. Low diatom indices values and the presence of the macroalgae Stigeoclonium tenue indicated organic pollution. In the Dičina River, good ecological status was assessed at all sites (DR1-DR4) based on the diatom indices, while poor ecological status has been assessed at almost all sites (DR1, DR2, DR3) based on the physico-chemical parameters, except at DR4, where the ecological status was good. The high coverage of Cladophora glomerata in both rivers indicated nutrient loading, which aligned with the results of the physico-chemical parameters.
HEALTH SAFETY OF BAKERY PRODUCTS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Serbia, Đonović Nela , Kocić Sanja ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Serbia, Radević Svetlana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Serbia
Published: April 2024

Nutrition is the main factor in people’s health. Food can be both a resource and a great hazard to the health of the entire population. The Institute for Public Health Kragujevac is an accredited institution for food analysis. In 2023, 472 samples of bakery products were sampled and analyzed; 469 products (99.36%) were microbiologically safe and 460 products (97.45%) were chemically compliant. The increased yeast content was the microbiological reason for the unsoundness of the two bakery products. Recommended measures: to increase the scope of testing in both microbiological and chemical aspects, by supplementing the current regulations.
The Influence Of Communication, Work Motivation And Work Discipline On The Performance Of Pt Surgika Alkesido Employees
Authors: Mawardi Rimah , Elwisam Elwisam , Digdowiseiso Kumba
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of communication, work motivation and work discipline on the performance of employees of PT Surgika Alkesido. The sampling method used is Non-Probability Sampling with Purposive sampling technique. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive methods and inferential analysis using primary data in the form of a closed questionnaire to 100 respondents and the data is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. From the data that has fulfilled the validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test and model feasibility test, a regression equation is obtained. The results of regression analysis in this study indicate a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, which is shown in the coefficient table in the regression equation model. The results of the model feasibility test shown with the significant value shown in the model feasibility table which means that the model in this study is feasible to use based on the significant value obtained. The results of the hypothesis conclusion with the t test obtained a positive and significant value on the variables of communication, work motivation and work discipline on employee performance.
The Effect Of Current Ratio, Total Asset Turnover And Debt To Equity Ratio On The Financial Performance Of Manufacturing Companies Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange For The 2016-2020 Period
Authors: Juliani Devi Indah , Karyatun Subur , Digdowiseiso Kumba
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of Current Ratio, Total Asset Turnover, Debt Equity Ratio, on performance finance of a Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sources of research data using secondary data in the form of financial statements found on the website www.idx.co.id. The financial reports observed are the financial statements of Manufacturing companies for the year 2016-2020. The data of this study were analyzed on 10 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In taking the sample for this study using purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used is linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing using a T-test that has been processed in SPSS Version 21 to test the regression coefficients. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the Current Ratio and Debt Equity Ratio had a positive and significant effect on performance finance, Total Asset Turnover had a negative and insignificant effect on performance finance.
The Influence of Competence, Training, and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at the Secretariat of the Directorate General of Capture Fisheries
Authors: Fadillah Tasya , Cik Ahmad , Melati  , Digdowiseiso Kumba
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of competence, job training and work discipline on the performance of Sekretariat Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Tangkap employees. The analytical method uses in this study are descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. Data analysis of several tests are instrument testing, multiple linear regression analysis, model feasibility testing, hypothesis testing t test and using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 26.0 program. The subject of this research is an employee at the Sekretariat Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Tangkap with 71 employee respondents with the method of collecting data through questionnaires. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that the variables of Competence, Training and Work Discipline have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, which is shown in the coefficients table in the regression equation model Y = 0.150 X1 + 0.420 X2 + 0.466 X3 + 4.157. The results of the model's feasibility test are shown with a significant value of 0.000 which is shown in the ANOVA table, which means that the model in this study is feasible to use based on the significant value obtained. The conclusion from the results of the hypothesis with a partial t-test obtained a significant value on the competence variable of 0.044, while the training and work discipline variables have a significant value of 0.000. It can be partially concluded that the three independent variables have a significant influence on the dependent variable.
Islamic Marketing Mix Home Sharing Strategy at Multi Level Marketing Natural Nusantara
Authors: Jannah Rinatul , Rokhim Abdul , Ahmadiono Ahmadiono
Published: April 2024

Home sharing is a business meeting that is held in a simple place such as a home or stockist to explain business opportunities to others and convey information so that it is effective and provides many benefits in carrying out its activities by using Islamic Marketing Mix to be able to reach the target market in a Multi Level Marketing company Natural Nusantara which sells beauty, health, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery products. The formulation of the problems in this research are 1) What is the strategy of Islamic Marketing Mix Home Sharing on Multi Level Marketing Natural Nusantara 2) What are the implications of the Islamic Marketing Mix Home Sharing strategy on sales turnover of Multi Level Marketing Natural Nusantara. The approach in this study is a descriptive qualitative method and is a field research by observing, interacting and direct observation based on the phenomena that occur to the research subjects. This research can be concluded 1) Home Sharing Natural Nusantara has benefits in carrying out its activities in accordance with the sharia marketing mix in Islamic marketing which includes product, price, place, promotion, people, process, physical evidence, promise, patience, and customer centrism. 2) The implications of the Islamic Marketing Mix strategy on sales turnover  have a direct impact namely sales increase after Home Sharing activities are carried out.
Pendekatan Lesson Study pada Kegiatan Lokakarya Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di SMAN 1 Lelak Kabupaten Manggarai
Authors: Marianus Tapung
Published: April 2024

Pendekatan Lesson Study merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran kolaboratif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan pengembangan kurikulum Merdeka pada satuan pendidikan. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk menguatkan kapasitas guru-guru di SMAN 1 Lelak Kabupaten Manggarai dalam mengimplementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Dari umpan balik setelah kegiatan berlangsung, tingkat partisipasi dan pemahaman 65 Guru SMA Negeri 1 Lelak terhadap tahapan Perencanaan Pembelajaran, Praktik Pembelajaran, Pengamatan Pembelajaran, Diskusi dan Analisis, sudah masuk dalam kategori â€œbaikâ€ (4,45) dari skala 1-4. Sementara tahapan Refleksi perbaikan dan Implementasi Lanjutan, praktik Lesson Study, masih dalam kategori â€œkurang baikâ€ (3,6). Dalam hal ini, perlu ada upaya dari sekolah untuk meningkatkan kemampaun refleksi, perbaikan dan implementasi lanjutan dari para guru dalam kegiatan praktik pembelajaran di kelas. Jadi, pendekatan Lesson Study sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan pengembangan kurikulum bagi guru-guru di SMAN 1 Lelak Kabupaten Manggarai. Para guru-guru berhasil memperbaiki keterampilannya dalam menyusun perangkat ajar dan mengimplementasikannya dalam kegiatan pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang efektif melalui praktik Lesson Study. Kegiatan lokakarya yang diadakan dapat dijadikan contoh bagi sekolah-sekolah lain untuk menerapkan praktik Lesson Study dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan pengembangan kurikulum yang lebih adaptif dan kolaboratif.