bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of magnetic sensor properties of magnetic tunnel junctions with superparamagnetic free layer at low frequencies for biomedical imaging applications
Authors: Ishikawa Kyohei , Oogane Mikihiko , Fujiwara Kousuke , Jono Junichi , Tsuchida Masaaki , Ando Yasuo
Published: November 2016

The magnetic sensor properties of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a superparamagnetic (SP) free layer were systematically investigated at low frequencies (<10 Hz). We prepared four varieties of MTJs with various SP properties by changing the annealing temperature. The temperature dependence of magnetoresistance curves and the signal/noise property at 285 K were evaluated. We found that the SP free layer has the advantage of detecting very small and low-frequency AC magnetic fields compared with a ferromagnetic free layer. The SP free layer strongly suppressed magnetic 1/f noise at low frequencies and expressed a very linear response to a small magnetic field. The obtained properties in MTJs with the SP free layer are suitable for detecting biomagnetic fields. The detectivity was 111 nT at low frequencies (from 0.1 to 10 Hz), which is one of the highest values in single-MTJ sensors.
Labraunda’nın Yeni Bilmecesi: Su Kompleksi Kazıları 2013-2015 Kazı Sezonu Değerlendirmesi / The Mistery of Labraunda: Water Complex Excavations between 2013-2015
Authors: Çakmaklı Ömür Dünya
Published: November 2016

The Mistery of Labraunda: Water Complex Excavations

Abstract:

Zeus Labraundos Sacred Site, which is located 13 km to the northeast of Milas, and which is one of the most majestic and most protected sites in the Karia Region, is in a key position to illuminate the history of Karia. The ongoing excavations revealed very important scientific information concerning the details of this history. Moreover, the "water" springs of the Karia Region, and mainly the Milas Region and Inner Karia that also include Labraunda, that are still important today; and the structures related to these springs that bestow a privileged importance to this region still didn't completely receive the attention they deserve. The "Water Complex" structure, which was discovered unexpectedly during the rearrangement works focused around Temenos will be very useful to resolve the water system mechanism developed in Labraunda, which takes its holy properties from water. This paper shares information obtained from archeologic excavations between 2013-2015.

 

Labraunda’nin Yeni Bilmecesi: Su Kompleksi Kazıları

2013-2015 Kazı Sezonu Değerlendirmesi 

Öz

Milas’ın 13 km. kuzeydoğusunda yer alan ve Karia Bölgesinin en görkemli, en iyi korunmuş alanlarından olan Zeus Labraundos Kutsal alanı, Karia tarihini aydınlatmada anahtar konumdadır. Halen devam eden kazı çalışmaları, alana ait bu tarihin detaylandırılmasına ilişkin oldukça önemli bilimsel verileri günümüze ulaştırmıştır. Bununla birlikte alana ayrıcalıklı bir önem kazandıran; Karia Bölgesinin ve esas olarak Labraunda’nın içinde yer aldığı Milas Bölgesi ve İç Karia’nın günümüzde dahi önemini koruyan “su” kaynakları ve bu kaynaklarla ilintili yapıları henüz hak ettiği odağa tam olarak kavuşamamıştır. 2013 yılında, temenosun çevresinde yoğunlaşan düzenleme çalışmaları esnasında beklenmedik bir şekilde tespit edilen “Su Kompleksi” yapısı, kutsallık özelliğini su’dan alan Labraunda’da geliştirilen su sistemi mekanizmasını çözümlemede oldukça faydalı olacaktır. Bu makalede 2013-2015 kazı sezonunda elde edilen bilgi ve bulgular paylaşılmıştır.
 Kalıpyargılar ve Sosyal Yargı  /  The Streotype and The Social Judgement
Authors: Işıtan İbrahim
Published: November 2016

The Streotype and The Social Judgement

Abstract

The concept of stereotype, an important topics of social psychology is closely related to prejudice and discrimination. Stereotypes may drag people into generalization and failure in judgements in addition to many unwanted behavioral outcomes.

The first section of the article deals with the definition of the concept of stereotype and ascertains the motives of individuals who intend acting in accordance with stereotypes, followed by offering various solutions to this very problem. The second section points out the effect of stereotypes on interpretation of the social judgement and the social cognition while the third section dwells on how stereotypes can be changed. This study, which presents a summary of the researches about the stereotype and the social judgement is of importance in terms of indicating how stereotypes turn into prejudices and how they eventually cause discrimination.

Kalıpyargılar ve Sosyal Yargı

Öz

Kalıpyargı sosyal psikolojinin önemli konularından biridir. Kalıpyargı kavramı önyargı ve ayrımcılık kavramlarını da anımsatmaktadır. Kalıpyargı, davranış planında birçok istenmeyen sonuçlarıyla, kişileri yargıda genelleme ve hata yapmaya sürükleyebilmektedir. Makalenin birinci bölümü, kalıpyargı kavramının tanımı konusunu ele almakta, kişilerin kalıplaşmış inançlarla hareket etmeyi tasarlamalarının hangi sebeplere dayandığını ortaya koymakta ve çeşitli tedbir yolları önermektedir. İkinci bölümde, kalıpyargıların sosyal yargıları ve bilgileri yorumlama üzerine etkisine dikkat çekilmektedir. Üçüncü bölümde ise, kalıpyargıların nasıl değiştirilebileceği konusu üzerine durulmaktadır. Kalıpyargı ve sosyal yargı konusunda yapılan araştırmaların bir özeti şeklinde sunulan bu çalışma, kalıpyargıların önyargıya nasıl dönüştüğünü ve sonuç itibariyle ayrımcılığa nasıl yol açtığını göstermesi bakımından önem arz eder.
All-optical switching using a new photonic crystal directional coupler
Authors: Vakili B. , Bahadori-Haghighi S. , Ghayour R.
Published: November 2016

In this paper all-optical switching in a new photonic crystal directional coupler is performed.  The structure of the switch consists of a directional coupler and a separate path for a control signal called “control waveguide”. In contrast to the former reported structures in which the directional couplers are made by removing a row of rods entirely, the directional coupler in our optical switch is constructed by two reduced-radius line-defect waveguides separated by the control waveguide. Furthermore, in our case the background material has the nonlinear Kerr property. Therefore, in the structure of this work, no frequency overlap occurs between the control waveguide mode and the directional coupler modes. It is shown that such a condition provides a very good isolation between the control and the probe signals at the output ports. In the control waveguide, nonlinear Kerr effect causes the required refractive index change by the presence of a high power control (pump) signal. Even and odd modes of the coupler are investigated by applying the distribution of the refractive index change in the nonlinear region of a super-cell so that a switching length of about 94 µm is obtained at the wavelength of 1.55 µm. Finally, all-optical switching of the 1.55 µm probe signal using a control signal at the wavelength of 1.3 µm, is simulated through the finite-difference time-domain method, where both signals are desirable in optical communication systems. A very high extinction ratio of 67 dB is achieved and the temporal characteristics of the switch are demonstrated.
The Maxwell equations as a Bäcklund transformation
Authors: Papachristou C. J.
Published: November 2016

Bäcklund transformations (BTs) are a useful tool for integrating nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). However, the significance of BTs in linear problems should not be ignored. In fact, an important linear system of PDEs in Physics, namely, the Maxwell equations of Electromagnetism, may be viewed as a BT relating the wave equations for the electric and the magnetic field, these equations representing integrability conditions for solution of the Maxwell system. We examine the BT property of this system in detail, both for the vacuum case and for the case of a linear conducting medium.
Reliability Study of Mechatronic Power Components Using Spectral Photon Emission Microscopy
Authors: Moultif N. , Joubert E. , Latry O.
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we present one of the most important failure analysis tools that permits the localizing and the identification of the failure mechanisms. It is a new spectral photon emission system, enabling to localize the failure, and quickly get the photon emission spectra that characterize the failure with high resolution. A diffraction grating is used as a spectrometer in the system. Application results on mechatronic power devices such as HEMT AlGaN/GAN and SiC MOSFETs are reported.
Patch Antenna based on a Photovoltaic Cell with a Dual resonance Frequency
Authors: Baccouch C. , Bouchouicha D. , Sakli H. , Aguili T.
Published: November 2016

The present work was to use photovoltaic solar cells in patch antenna structures. The radiating patch element of a patch antenna was replaced by a solar cell. Direct Current (DC) generation remained the original feature of the solar cell, but additionally   it was now able to receive and transmit electromagnetic waves. Here, we used a new patch antenna structure based on a photovoltaic solar cell. It was then used to collect photo-generated current as well as Radio Frequency (RF) transmission. A mathematical model which would serve the minimization of power losses of the cell and therefore the improvement in the conversion efficiency was studied. A simulation allowed analysing the performance of the antenna, with a silicon material, and testing its parameters such as the reflection coefficient (S11), gain, directivity and radiated power. The performance analysis of the solar cell patch antenna was conducted using Advanced Design System (ADS) software. Simulation results for this antenna showed a dual resonance frequency of 5.77 GHz and of 6.18 GHz with an effective return loss of -38.22dB and a gain of 1.59dBi.
Additional taxa and new reports in the genus Pertusaria (Pertusariales, lichenised Ascomycotina) from Queensland and Norfolk Island (Australia)
Authors: Archer Alan , Elix John A
Published: November 2016

Five new species, Pertusaria dayi, P. glabra, P. heinari, P. montoensis, P. stenospora and a new combination, Pertusaria aphelospora, are reported from Australia. In addition, Pertusaria phulhuangensis described from Thailand, P. karkarensis, described from Papua New Guinea, and P. virensica, described from Florida, are reported from Australia for the first time.
On Iranian and Jewish Apocalyptics, Again
Authors: Agostini Domenico
Published: November 2016

The relations between the Iranian, in particular Zoroastrian, and Jewish apocalyptic literature as well as their mutual influences have, since the beginning of the twentieth century, constituted a rich and exciting battlefield for the scholars of these respective traditions. This article aims to present some topics concerning the definition of Iranian apocalyptics and its relation with its Jewish counterpart, as well as to establish an updated starting point for a new scholarly debate.
Cyprus and Its Legal and Historiographical Significance in Early Islamic History
Authors: Lynch Ryan J.
Published: November 2016

During the early Islamic period Cyprus was a frontier territory unlike most—control, influence, and tax revenue over the island were shared mutually by both the Byzantine and Islamic states—and the historiographical record demonstrates that its legal and administrative status was fraught with challenges. The present study is based on the surviving Arabic material in Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim b. Sallām’s (d. 224/838) Kitāb al-Amwāl, subsequently transmitted in Kitāb Futūḥ al-buldān of al-Balādhurī (d. ca. 278/892). It argues that the problematic nature of Cyprus in this period, coupled with Abū ʿUbayd’s unprecedented access to genuine correspondence of jurists from the end of the eighth century, led the author to enshrine important documentary evidence that did not survive elsewhere. Furthermore, it suggests that the continued source-critical and comparative analysis of early Arabic narrative source material can still yield fruitful information for an understanding of the earliest centuries of Islamic history despite the sources’ many limitations.
Goddesses in Context: On Divine Powers, Roles, Relationships and Gender in Mesopotamian Textual and Visual Sources. By Julia M. Asher-Greve and JoaN Goodnick Westenholz
Authors: Gadotti Alhena
Published: November 2016

Goddesses in Context: On Divine Powers, Roles, Relationships and Gender in Mesopotamian Textual and Visual Sources. By Julia M. Asher-Greve and Joan Goodnick Westenholz. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, vol. 259. Fribourg: Academic Press, 2013. Pp. xii + 454, illus. €106.
Aramaic and Hebrew Inscriptions from Mt. Gerizim and Samaria between Antiochus III and Antiochus IV Epiphanes. By Jan Dušek
Authors: Reymond Eric D.
Published: November 2016

Aramaic and Hebrew Inscriptions from Mt. Gerizim and Samaria between Antiochus III and Antiochus IV Epiphanes. By Jan Dušek. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, vol. 54. Leiden: Brill, 2012. Pp. xviii + 200, illus. $135.
Aramaic Documents from Ancient Bactria (Fourth Century B.C.E.) from the Khalili Collections. Edited by Joseph Naveh and Shaul Shaked
Authors: Reymond Eric D.
Published: November 2016

Aramaic Documents from Ancient Bactria (Fourth Century b.c.e.) from the Khalili Collections. Edited by Joseph Naveh and Shaul Shaked. London: The Khalili Family Trust, 2012. Pp. xxi + 294, illus.
Der Kadi und seine Zeugen: Studie der mamlukischen Ḥaram-Dokumente aus Jerusalem. By Christian Müller
Authors: Vikør Knut S.
Published: November 2016

Der Kadi und seine Zeugen: Studie der mamlukischen Ḥaram-Dokumente aus Jerusalem. By Christian Müller. Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, vol. 85. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2013. Pp x + 647. €79.
La Pensée d’Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ: Un «agent double» dans le monde persan et arabe. By István T. KrIstó-Nagy
Authors: Pomerantz Maurice A
Published: November 2016

La Pensée d’Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ: Un «agent double» dans le monde persan et arabe. By István T. Kristó-Nagy. Studia Arabica, vol. 19. Paris: Éditions de Paris, 2013. Pp. 605. €34 (paper).
Comfort of the Mystics: A Manual and Anthology of Early Sufism. Edited by Gerhard Böwering and Bilal Orfali
Authors: Nguyen Martin
Published: November 2016

The Comfort of the Mystics: A Manual and Anthology of Early Sufism. Edited by Gerhard Böwering and Bilal Orfali. Islamic History and Civilization, vol. 98. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Pp. ix + 34 + 686 (Arabic). $282.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Synthesis of Melilite‐Type Rare‐Earth Nitridophosphates RE2P3N7 and a Ba2Cu[Si2O7]‐Type Polymorph.
Authors: Kloss Simon D. , Weidmann Niels , Niklaus Robin , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: November 2016

Two polymorphs of Ln2P3N7 (Ln: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Ho, Yb) are prepared by solid state high‐pressure metathesis reactions of LiPN2, Li3N, and LnF3 (900—1250 °C, 4—5 GPa, 20—360 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Pb2BO3Cl: A Tailor‐Made Polar Lead Borate Chloride with Very Strong Second Harmonic Generation.
Authors: Zou Guohong , Lin Chensheng , Jo Hongil , Nam Gnu , You Tae‐Soo , Ok Kang Min
Published: November 2016

Single crystals of Pb2BO3Cl are grown from a 3:1:2 molar mixture of PbO, PbCl2 and H3BO3 (evacuated silica tubes, 720 °C, 24 h; cooling to 650 °C at a rate of 3 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Snap‐Shots of a Reduction Pathway: The Reaction of WCl6 with Copper Powder.
Authors: Mos‐Hummel Agnieszka , Stroebele Markus , Meyer Hans‐Juergen
Published: November 2016

Reaction of copper powder and WCl6 between room temperature and 400 °C results in the formation of five new compounds: Cu0.78WCl6 (I) at 60 °C (10 h), Cu0.78WCl6 (II) at 100 °C (48 h), Cu0.77WCl6 (III) at 150 °C (10 h), α‐Cu2W2Cl10 (IV) at 200 °C (2 h), and β‐Cu2W2Cl10 (V) at 240 °C (24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic C—H Bond Cleavage by Using a Cu(I) Ate‐Complex.
Authors: Lei Aiwen , et al.
Published: November 2016

An in situ formed Cu(I) ate‐complex is found to be able to cleave the sp2 C—H bond of benzothiazole.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Cyclizations Promoted by Polyphosphoric Acid Esters: A General Method for 1‐Aryl‐2‐iminoazacycloalkanes.
Authors: Diaz Jimena E. , Mollo Maria C. , Orelli Liliana R.
Published: November 2016

Polyphosphate‐promoted, microwave‐assisted cyclization of appropriate ω‐arylaminonitriles provides access to corresponding 1‐aryl‐2‐iminopyrrolidines (II), ‐2‐iminopiperidines (IV) and hitherto unreported ‐2‐iminoazepanes (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed C(sp2)—H Methylation by Using Dicumyl Peroxide as Both the Methylating Reagent and Hydrogen Acceptor.
Authors: Li Qun , Li Yanrong , Hu Weipeng , Hu Renjian , Li Guigen , Lu Hongjian
Published: November 2016

The first Co(II)‐catalyzed direct methylation of aromatic, heteroaromatic and vinylic C—H bonds in various amides bearing a 2‐pyridinylisopropyl directing group is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical C—H Arylations of (Hetero)arenes Catalyzed by Gallic Acid.
Authors: Perretti Marcelle D. , Monzon Diego M. , Crisostomo Fernando P. , Martin Victor S. , Carrillo Romen
Published: November 2016

Gallic acid is able to catalyze radical arylations in water/acetone at ambient temperature, thus constituting a “green” alternative to arylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogenation of Imines Catalyzed by 2‐(Aminomethyl)pyridine‐Based Ruthenium and Osmium Complexes.
Authors: Solinas Maurizio , Sechi Barbara , Baldino Salvatore , Baratta Walter , Chelucci Giorgio
Published: November 2016

Three Ru(II) and two Os(II) CNN pincer complexes are synthesized and tested in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Protocol for Ligand, Copper and Base Free Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Dewan Anindita , Sarmah Manashi , Bora Utpal , Thakur Ashim J.
Published: November 2016

The reaction is catalyzed by an in situ generated catalytic system based on Pd(OAc)2 and the water extract of banana peels ash in the absence of any base, ligand, and copper salt.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric [3 + 2] Annulations of 1,4‐Di‐thiane‐2,5‐diol and Oxindole Ketimines.
Authors: Feng Bo‐Xu , Yang Jin‐Dong , Li Jiuyuan , Li Xin
Published: November 2016

furnishing spirocyclic oxindole derivatives in excellent yields and enantioselectivities but moderate to good diastereoselectivities
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Induced Rearrangement of Cycloadducts from Cyclopropenecarboxylates and 1,3‐Diarylisobenzofurans.
Authors: Efremova Mariia M. , Molchanov Alexander P. , Larina Anna G. , Starova Galina L. , Kostikov Rafael R. , Stepakov Alexander V.
Published: November 2016

Treatment of the title Diels—Alder cycloadducts with MesOH triggers a skeletal rearrangement resulting in indenofurans.
ChemInform Abstract: A Route to 2‐Substituted 3‐Cyanopyrroles: Synthesis of Danaidal and Suffrutine A.
Authors: Wiest Johannes M. , Bach Thorsten
Published: November 2016

The preparation of the title compounds in a two‐step sequence from 4,4‐dimethoxybutyronitrile and carboxylic acid esters by Claisen condensation and subsequent Paal—Knorr pyrrole synthesis is performed as a one‐pot procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Aza‐Friedel—Crafts Reaction of Cyclic Ketimines with Pyrroles Using Imidazolinephosphoric Acid Catalysts.
Authors: Nakamura Shuichi , Matsuda Nazumi , Ohara Mutsuyo
Published: November 2016

The title reaction between 2‐phenyl‐3H‐indol‐3‐one and various pyrrole, indole and tryptamine derivatives proceeds with excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of T‐Shaped Oxazolonaphthoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines Using Lactic Acid as Bio‐Based Green Solvent: An Insight into Photophysical Studies.
Authors: Balijapalli Umamahesh , Thiyagarajan Manojkumar Dhanthalu , Manickam Saravanakumar , Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu Iyer
Published: November 2016

A simple and chemoselective method to synthesize the title compounds in a one‐pot selective fashion is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: CuO Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Diaminations for Synthesis of Benzimidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Dan , You Qing , Zhang Xinming , Tao Guide , Zhang Wu
Published: November 2016

The catalyst is recycled and reused with slight loss of its activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Demethylation/Annulation/Oxidation of 2,3‐Bis(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐oxopropanals for One‐Pot Construction of Coumestans.
Authors: Zhang Jiefeng , Qiu Jiakun , Xiao Chunmei , Yu Lifang , Yang Fan , Tang Jie
Published: November 2016

A one‐pot tandem demethylation/annulation/oxidation sequence that employs 2,3‐bis(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐oxopropanals as the starting material provides a variety of coumestan derivatives in good to excellent yields under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3‐Substituted Pyridinium Salts.
Authors: Renom‐Carrasco Marc , Gajewski Piotr , Pignataro Luca , de Vries Johannes G. , Piarulli Umberto , Gennari Cesare , Lefort Laurent
Published: November 2016

The 3‐substituted piperidine products are formed in low to moderate yields and with moderate to high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Evaluation of Sodium Acetate Trihydrate—Urea DES as a Benign Reaction Media for the Biginelli Reaction. Unexpected Synthesis of Methylenebis(3‐hydroxy‐5,5‐dimethylcyclohex‐2‐enones), Hexahydroxanthene‐1,8‐diones and Hexahydroacridine‐1,8‐diones.
Authors: Navarro Camilo A. , Sierra Cesar A. , Ochoa‐Puentes Cristian
Published: November 2016

The deep eutectic solvent (DES) derived from AcONa·3H2O and urea is used as reaction medium for the Biginelli reaction of dimedone with aldehydes and urea.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalyst‐Enabled Diastereodivergent Aza‐Diels—Alder Reaction: Complementarity of N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes and Chiral Amines.
Authors: Rong Zi‐Qiang , Wang Min , Chow Chi Hao Eugene , Zhao Yu
Published: November 2016

The method represents the first complementarity of a chiral amine and an NHC catalyst offering an approach to either diastereomeric series of benzofuran‐fused δ‐lactams and dihydropyridines with excellent stereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Access to Substituted Cationic 12‐Azapyrene Salts by Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Annulation of N‐Arylpyridinium Salts.
Authors: Feng Boya , Wan Danyang , Yan Lipeng , Kadam Vilas D. , You Jingsong , Gao Ge
Published: November 2016

The synthesized 12‐azapyrene salts show an intense fluorescence in both solution and solid state what facilitates an optoelectronic application.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethanol Promoted Titanocene Lewis Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Luo Yanlong , Wu Ya , Wang Yunyun , Sun Huaming , Xie Zunyuan , Zhang Weiqiang , Gao Ziwei
Published: November 2016

from anthranilinamide (I) and carbonyl compounds
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Method of Preparing (S)‐5‐Fluoro‐3‐phenyl‐2‐ [1‐(9H‐purin‐6‐ylamino)propyl]‐3H‐quinazolin‐4‐one.
Authors: Liu Jian , Huang Yu , Chang Xiao‐hui , Liu Xiang‐kui , Jiang Hui‐juan , Zhu Xue‐yan
Published: November 2016

The title compound, idelalisib (V), is prepared via reductive cyclization of (I) using iodine and hexamethyldisilazane as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Deep Eutectic Solvent as a Highly Efficient Reaction Media for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzo‐Fused Seven‐Membered Heterocycles.
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Hooshmand Seyyed Emad , Nazeri Mohammad Taghi , Afshari Ronak , Ghasemi Shima
Published: November 2016

The combination of choline chloride and urea as a deep eutectic solvent is applied to the synthesis of tricyclic 1,4‐benzoxazepines (IV) and 1,4‐benzodiazepines (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Silylation of Cyclopropyl C—H Bonds.
Authors: Lee Taegyo , Hartwig John F.
Published: November 2016

Hydrosilyl ethers, generated in situ by dehydrogenative silylation of cyclopropylmethanols with diethylsilane, undergo asymmetric, intramolecular silylation of cyclopropyl C—H bonds in high yields.The reaction proceeds with high enantiomeric excesses in the presence of a rhodium catalyst derived from a rhodium precursor and the bisphosphine (S)‐DTBM‐SEGPHOS.
ChemInform Abstract: Four New Minor Brominated Indole Related Alkaloids with Antibacterial Activities from Laurencia similis.
Authors: Li Mei‐Chen , Sun Wen‐Shuang , Cheng Wei , Liu Dong , Liang Hong , Zhang Qing‐Ying , Lin Wen‐Han
Published: November 2016

Among the four new alkaloids, indole (I) shows the most potent antibacterial activity against seven bacterial strains.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Ketone Synthesis with Alkylzinc Halides Prepared from Alkyl Halides Via a Single Electron Transfer (SET) Process: New Extension of Fukuyama Ketone Synthesis.
Authors: Lee Jung Hwa , Kishi Yoshito
Published: November 2016

The method is elaborated for late‐stage coupling reactions in the convergent synthesis of complex molecules, including the fully protected scaffold (I) containing all carbons of the marine natural product Eribulin.
ChemInform Abstract: Equiatomic Quaternary Heusler Alloys: A Material Perspective for Spintronic Applications
Authors: Bainsla Lakhan , Suresh K. G.
Published: November 2016

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Transformations and Solid‐State Reactivity Involving Nano Lead(II) Coordination Polymers via Thermal, Mechanochemical and Photochemical Approaches
Authors: Aboutorabi Leila , Morsali Ali
Published: November 2016

Review: 235 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyferrocenylsilanes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Hailes Rebekah L. N. , Oliver Alex M. , Gwyther Jessica , Whittell George R. , Manners Ian
Published: November 2016

Review: 409 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Cation‐π Interaction in Small‐Molecule Catalysis
Authors: Kennedy C. Rose , Lin Song , Jacobsen Eric N.
Published: November 2016

Review: [107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Challenges in the Development of Organic and Hybrid Molecular Systems
Authors: Ananikov Valentine P. , Galkin Konstantin I. , Egorov Mikhail P. , Sakharov Alexey M. , Zlotin Sergei G. , Redina Elena A. , Isaeva Vera I. , Kustov Leonid M. , Gening Marina L. , Nifantiev Nikolay E.
Published: November 2016

Review: [73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver & Gold‐Catalyzed Routes to Furans and Benzofurans
Authors: Blanc Aurelien , Beneteau Valerie , Weibel Jean‐Marc , Pale Patrick
Published: November 2016

Review: [140 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicavity Macrocyclic Hosts
Authors: Hu Wei‐Bo , Hu Wen‐Jing , Liu Yahu A. , Li Jiu‐Sheng , Jiang Biao , Wen Ke
Published: November 2016

Review: [67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Oxazoles: Valuable Structural Fragments in Drug Discovery
Authors: Ibrar Aliya , Khan Imtiaz , Abbas Naeem , Farooq Umar , Khan Ajmal
Published: November 2016

Review: [153 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Assembling Metal—Organic Frameworks in Ionic Liquids and Supercritical CO2
Authors: Zhang Bingxing , Zhang Jianling , Han Buxing
Published: November 2016

Review: advances in MOF synthesis in ionic liquids (ILs), scCO2 and IL/scCO2‐systems; 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferritin: Versatile Host, Nanoreactor, and Delivery Agent
Authors: Pulsipher Katherine W. , Dmochowski Ivan J.
Published: November 2016

Review: 117 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Copper Story: From Protein Folding and Metal Transport to Cancer
Authors: Wittung‐Stafshede Pernilla
Published: November 2016

Review: [73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural‐Engineering Rationales of Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Zhang Shaohua , Yu Yangyang , Zhang Huisheng , He Qianjun
Published: November 2016

Review: 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione Based Copolymers for High Performance Organic Solar Cells and Organic Field Effect Transistors
Authors: He Pan , Qiao Xiao‐Lan , Qian Qun , Li Hong‐Xiang
Published: November 2016

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Analysis of Aquatic Pheromones in Fish
Authors: Stewart Michael , Baker Cindy F. , Sorensen Peter W.
Published: November 2016

Review: 12 refs.
Preparing Interfaith Leaders: Knowledge Base and Skill Set for Interfaith Leaders
Authors: Patel Eboo
Published: November 2016

This chapter gives an overview of the vision, knowledge base, and skill set of interfaith leadership.
Early Complications After Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defect in Infants with Procedural Weight Less than 15 kg
Authors: Tanghöj Gustaf , Odermarsky Michal , Naumburg Estelle , Liuba Petru
Published: November 2016

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital cardiac lesion accounting for 10–15% of all cardiac malformations. In the majority of cases, the secundum type of the ASD is closed percutaneously in the catheterization laboratory. Although transcatheter closure of ASD is considered safe and effective in pediatric patients, there are limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of device ASD closure in smaller infants. The aim of this study was to determine risk of complications within 72 h following device closure of ASD in children of body weight <15 kg compared to larger children. Overall 252 children who underwent transcatheter closure of ASD at Children’s Heart Centre in Lund, Sweden, between 1998 and 2015 were included. Data regarding demographics, comorbidity and complications occurring during and after device procedure until discharge were retrieved from the hospital’s databases. Echocardiographic data were obtained from the digital and videotape recordings. Nearly half of the study cohort (n = 112; 44%) had a procedural weight <15 (median 11.3) kg with a median procedural age of 2.02 years. Among this study group, 22 (9%) children had post-procedural in-hospital complications, of which 16 (7%) were considered as major and six (2%) considered as minor. No deaths occurred. There was no significant difference in of the occurrence of major or minor complications between the two groups (p = 0.32). Larger ASD was more often associated with minor complications, OR 1.37 (95% CI 0.99–1.89), which most often consisted of transient arrhythmias during or after the procedure. Percutaneous ASD device closure can be performed safely in low-weight infants with a risk of post-procedural in-hospital complications comparable to larger/older children. Nevertheless, careful considerations of the indications to device closure is needed, particularly in children with larger ASD, as recommended by the current international guidelines for ASD closure.
The Crisis of European Identity and Awakening of Civil Society
Authors: Mycielski Martin
Published: November 2016

The EU is facing its biggest threat yet—a crisis of European identity. As member states fall into the hands of Eurosceptic and nationalist regimes, for many the future of the Union seems hopeless. People are disillusioned, failing to see the added value in the community of nations they once voted to join. Institutions are struggling, unable to regain their citizens’ trust, or even to reach them at all. This new crisis requires a new way of thinking—instead of supporting the institutional machine, the EU must support the people. It needs to place trust in the awakening civil society, endorsing and funding grass-roots movements such as the Committee for the Defence of Democracy, which in a matter of days managed to ignite the biggest mass protests in Poland since the fall of Communism.
Safety degree assessment of drugs used in conscious sedation for colonoscopy in patients that develop respiratory depression
Authors: Rech Fernanda Maraschin , Kock Kaiser de Souza , Bellei Amanda Colpani
Published: November 2016

Objective To analyze the safety degree of drugs used in colonoscopy during conscious sedation in patients developing respiratory depression.

Methods Cross-sectional observational study that evaluated 1120 patients who underwent colonoscopy between February 2015 and February 2016. Physical characteristics, surgical history and previous colonoscopies, indication and conditions of the current examination, fentanyl and midazolam doses and subsequent complications were analyzed. Level of significance: p < 0.05. Chi-square test was used for association of categorical variables, whereas Student's t test was used to compare means and Spearman's coefficient for correlation.

Results There were 661 female (59%) and 459 (41%) male patients, with a mean age of 54.90 (20–87) years and BMI of 27.00 (14.5–45.4). Of the 1120 patients, only 2 (0.2%) had respiratory depression, reversed with lanexat. Patients who had complications were of both genders, with a body mass index of 21.25 and 28.7. There was a correlation between the required dose of fentanyl and age (p < 0.001 to −0.121 Spearman's coefficient), as well as midazolam (p < 0.001 – Spearman's coefficient −0.452) and increasing age was associated with a lower dose of the drug.

Conclusion The number of patients with complications was 0.17%. The age of the patient showed an inverse association, i.e., the older the patient, the lower the required dose of medication. The drugs used in colonoscopy show a high degree of safety, corroborating their frequent use for superficial/conscious sedation in this procedure.
“Not Bad Kids, Just Bad Choices”: Governing School Safety Through Choice
Authors: Levinsky Zachary
Published: November 2016

Using the Safe Schools Act in Ontario as an example of a school zero-tolerance policy, I demonstrate that there are more implications for governing students through these policies than the literature tends to suggest. The push to exclude students found in zero-tolerance policies co-exists uneasily with the liberal democratic pull to an inclusive education. Principals negotiate the contradictory positioning of students as simultaneously excludable and includable uniquely. There is also an insertion of ‘choice’ as a strategy to resolve these tensions. Inappropriate conduct conceived as the students’ choice signals a reorientation of the main function of the school, to an institution now interested in managing its own reputation by devolving the responsibility of good behaviour onto the student.
Protecting Research Confidentiality via the Wigmore Criteria: Some Implications of Parent and Bruckert v The Queen and Luka Rocco Magnotta
Authors: Palys Ted , MacAlister David
Published: November 2016

There have been two significant legal challenges to research confidentiality in Canada. The first occurred because of a Coroner’s subpoena, with the researcher invoking the Wigmore criteria and winning a researcher-participant privilege. A second case saw two University of Ottawa researchers served with a search warrant for the tape and transcript of an interview they had conducted years earlier with an individual subsequently accused of murder. The researchers defended research confidentiality in Quebec Superior Court, winning a qualified researcher-participant privilege in the process. This article discusses implications of the court’s decision for researchers, research ethics boards, and universities for the future defence of research confidences. All have a role to play in designing research that anticipates the court’s evidentiary requirements when a claim of privilege is invoked to help ensure future jurisprudence is as favourable to research participants and as respectful of academic freedom as possible.
High concentration of vitamin E supplementation in sow diet during the last week of gestation and lactation affects the immunological variables and antioxidative parameters in piglets
Authors: Wang Lin , Xu Xiaodong , Su Ge , Shi Baoming , Shan Anshan
Published: November 2016

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a high concentration of vitamin E supplementation in sow diet during the last week of gestation and lactation on the performance, milk composition, and vital immunological variables and antioxidative parameters in sows and piglets. The experiment started on day 107 of gestation and lasted until the piglets were weaned on day 21 of lactation. 48 sows were divided into two groups and fed either a basal diet with 44 IU/kg of vitamin E or a basal diet supplemented with additional vitamin E, total content of 250 IU/kg. Sow milk and blood samples were obtained on day 0 (farrowing) and on day 21 of lactation. One 21-day-old piglet per litter was selected to collect plasma. Results showed that supplementation of the maternal diet with 250 IU/kg vitamin E improved the average daily gain (ADG) and weaning weight of piglets (P < 0·05), and the concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in sow plasma, colostrum and milk. The concentrations of fat in the colostrum and milk were significantly increased by supplementation with 250 IU/kg of vitamin E (P < 0·05). The level of plasma IgG, IgA, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) were all higher (P < 0·05) in piglets from sows that were fed 250 IU/kg of vitamin E than in those from the control group. The high concentration of vitamin E supplementation to the sows enhanced the concentrations of α-tocopherol in the sow milk and plasma as well as piglet plasma (P < 0·05). In conclusion, the addition to the maternal diet of vitamin E at high concentration improved the weight of piglets at weaning, and enhanced humoral immune function and antioxidant activity in sows and piglets.
Longitudinal associations between late-life depression dimensions and cognitive functioning: a cross-domain latent growth curve analysis
Authors: Brailean A. , Aartsen M. J. , Muniz-Terrera G. , Prince M. , Prina A. M. , Comijs H. C. , Huisman M. , Beekman A.
Published: November 2016

Background

Cognitive impairment and depression often co-occur in older adults, but it is not clear whether depression is a risk factor for cognitive decline, a psychological reaction to cognitive decline, or whether changes in depressive symptoms correlate with changes in cognitive performance over time. The co-morbid manifestation of depression and cognitive impairment may reflect either a causal effect or a common cause, depending on the specific symptoms experienced and the cognitive functions affected.

Method

The study sample comprised 1506 community-dwelling older adults aged ⩾65 years from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA). We conducted cross-domain latent growth curve analyses to examine longitudinal associations between late-life depression dimensions (i.e. depressed affect, positive affect, and somatic symptoms) and specific domains of cognitive functioning (i.e. processing speed, inductive reasoning, immediate recall, and delayed recall).

Results

Poorer delayed recall performance at baseline predicted a steeper increase in depressed affect over time. Steeper decline in processing speed correlated with a steeper increase in somatic symptoms of depression over time.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest a prospective association between memory function and depressed affect, whereby older adults may experience an increase in depressed affect in reaction to poor memory function. Somatic symptoms of depression increased concurrently with declining processing speed, which may reflect common neurodegenerative processes. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that depression symptoms may be a risk factor for cognitive decline in the general population. These findings have potential implications for the treatment of late-life depression and for the prognosis of cognitive outcomes.
Influence of feeding ecology on breeding success of a semi-wild population of the critically endangered Northern Bald IbisGeronticus eremitain southern Turkey
Authors: YENİYURT CAN , OPPEL STEFFEN , İSFENDİYAROĞLU SÜREYYA , ÖZKINACI GÜLÇİN , ERKOL ITRİ LEVENT , BOWDEN CHRISTOPHER G. R.
Published: November 2016

Safeguarding threatened species in captivity is a promising management approach, but evaluating the performance of captive programmes is essential to assess reintroduction potential. The eastern population of the Northern Bald Ibis,Geronticus eremita,used to be a locally common migratory bird species, but catastrophic population declines throughout the past century have resulted in a single population in southern Turkey that forages freely during summer but only survives in captivity during winter. We examined whether breeding success of this semi-wild colony was comparable to breeding success of previous wild populations, and to what extent breeding success was influenced by supplementary feeding and wild foraging in habitats near the breeding station. Average productivity from 2009 to 2015 was 1.12 fledglings per nesting pair (range 0.96–1.19). In 2013 and 2014, there was no correlation between attendance at supplementary feeding events and productivity, and breeding birds attended on average only 35% of supplementary feeding events. Birds that were frequently observed at a local tree nursery raised fewer offspring, while birds observed more frequently in poldered cultivation, and in particular in mint crops or in fields covered with manure, raised on average more offspring. Foraging success was highest in meadows and cropland, particularly in mint crops and fields covered in manure, and lowest at the tree nursery. We speculate that selection of highly suitable wild foraging habitat such as mint crops or fields covered in manure allows the Northern Bald Ibis to raise more fledglings than exclusive reliance on supplementary food provided at the breeding station. Establishing a second breeding colony of this species in Turkey will therefore require a careful assessment of the suitability of wild foraging habitat in the vicinity of suitable nesting opportunities.
Voice: The persistent source
Authors: Naylor Steven
Published: November 2016

Sonic narratives on fixed media can take many forms. We may find complexly nuanced sound productions that rely on a broad range of implied and/or culturally shared non-verbal cues to convey a narrative progression. But we also frequently find creative productions centred upon the human voice, much like traditional storytelling but presented in the wider variety of performed, captured, or constructed contexts enabled by technology. In those productions, human voice without a visible physical source will represent, if only in the historic sense, the essence of the acousmatic – an unseen speaker addressing assembled listeners. And, although precise listener responses to that unseen voice will certainly vary, we typically respond quite strongly when directly addressed by another human voice. What are some of the attributes of voice that can trigger those strong responses? And, more pragmatically, what questions should composers consider as we attempt to harness that power for our own creative ends? In this article, we raise some of those questions for consideration, with the hope that readers – particularly those who are also sonic creators – will seek to answer them through their own creative practice.
Acousmatic Storytelling
Authors: Amelides Panos
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this article is to explore the idea of relating storytelling with acousmatic music in the creation of a hybrid vehicle for transmitting stories. The concept of acousmatic storytelling is introduced, illustrated by the example of one of my own works which was created with the elements and techniques of storytelling as its conceptual basis. The article continues to investigate concepts of acousmatic storytelling in works from the repertoire of electroacoustic music, with composers such as Ferrari, Westerkamp, Derbyshire, Cousins and Young providing especially pertinent examples. Acousmatic storytelling integrates interviews, archival recordings, soundscape recordings, sonic icons and music quotations; the microphone becomes a time machine, ‘thought capturer’ and a conduit for conveying cultural information, elements which, combined with the sonic world composed in the studio, create a hybrid form. The concepts introduced in this article are useful for all those working with recorded sound, offering an approach to sonic creativity based on storytelling techniques and the way we experience past events through memory and sound recording. Acousmatic storytelling transmits a unique version of a story to the mind of the listener, who participates in the creation of the story and acts as co-creator of that story as experienced. In applying the methodology of interviews as well as researching past events and ‘writing’ about them, acousmatic storytelling composers can also be seen as historians and journalists.
Museum City: Improvisation and the narratives of space
Authors: Schroeder Franziska
Published: November 2016

This article provides four viewpoints on the narratives of space, allowing us to think about possible relations between sites and sounds and reflecting on how places might tell stories, or how practitioners embed themselves in a place in order to shape cultural, social and/or political narratives through the use of sound. I propose four viewpoints that investigate the relationship between sites and sounds, where narratives are shaped and made through the exploration of specific sonic activities. These are: sonic narrative of space, sonic activism, sonic preservation and sonic participatory action.

I examine each of these ideas, initially focusing in more detail on the first viewpoint, which provides the context for discussing and analysing a recent site-specific music improvisation project entitled ‘Museum City’, a work that aligns most closely with my proposal for a ‘sonic narrative of space’, while also bearing aspects of each of the other proposed viewpoints.

The work ‘Museum City’ by Pedro Rebelo, Franziska Schroeder, Ricardo Jacinto and André Cepeda specifically enables me to reflect on how derelict and/or transitional spaces might be re-examined through the use of sound, particularly by means of live music improvisation. The spaces examined as part of ‘Museum City’ constitute either deserted sites or sites about to undergo changes in their architectural layout, their use and sonic make-up. The practice in ‘Museum City’ was born out of a performative engagement with(in) those sites, but specifically out of an intimate listening relationship by three improvisers situated within those spaces.

The theoretical grounding for this article is situated within a wider context of practising and cognising musical spatiality, as proposed by Georgina Born (2013), particularly her proposition for three distinct lineages that provide an understanding of space in/and music. Born’s third lineage, which links more closely with practices of sound art and challenges a Euclidean orientation of pitch and timbre space, makes way for a heightened consideration of listening and ‘the place’ of sound. This lineage is particularly crucial for my discussion, since it positions music in relation to social experiences and the everyday, which the work ‘Museum City’ endeavoured to embrace.