bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of a Multi-Layer Perceptron in Preoperative Screening for Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Chaiprasittikul Natkritta , Thanathornwong Bhornsawan , Pornprasertsuk-Damrongsri Suchaya , Raocharernporn Somchart , Maponthong Somporn , Manopatanakul Somchai
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Orthognathic surgery is used to treat moderate to severe occlusal discrepancies. Examinations and measurements for preoperative screening are essential procedures. A careful analysis is needed to decide whether cases require orthognathic surgery. This study developed screening software using a multi-layer perceptron to determine whether orthognathic surgery is required. Methods: In total, 538 digital lateral cephalometric radiographs were retrospectively collected from a hospital data system. The input data consisted of seven cephalometric variables. All cephalograms were analyzed by the Detectron2 detection and segmentation algorithms. A keypoint region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) was used for object detection, and an artificial neural network (ANN) was used for classification. This novel neural network decision support system was created and validated using Keras software. The output data are shown as a number from 0 to 1, with cases requiring orthognathic surgery being indicated by a number approaching 1. Results: The screening software demonstrated a diagnostic agreement of 96.3% with specialists regarding the requirement for orthognathic surgery. A confusion matrix showed that only 2 out of 54 cases were misdiagnosed (accuracy = 0.963, sensitivity = 1, precision = 0.93, F-value = 0.963, area under the curve = 0.96). Conclusions: Orthognathic surgery screening with a keypoint R-CNN for object detection and an ANN for classification showed 96.3% diagnostic agreement in this study.
Healthcare Information Technology: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Belmonte Enrique Maldonado , Tortosa Salvador Otón , Ortega Luis de-Marcos , Gutiérrez-Martínez José-María
Published: February 2023

Objectives: This paper presents a systematic mapping of studies related to information systems and technology in the field of healthcare, enabling a visual mapping of the different lines of knowledge that can provide an overview of the scientific literature in this field. This map can help to clarify critical aspects of healthcare informatics, such as the main types of information systems, the ways in which they integrate with each other, and the technological trends in this field. Methods: Systematic mapping refers to a process of classifying information in a given area of knowledge. It provides an overview of the state of the art in a particular discipline or area of knowledge, establishing a map that describes how knowledge is structured in that particular area. In this study, we proposed and carried out a specific implementation of the methodology for mapping. In total, 1,619 studies that combine knowledge related to information systems, computer science, and healthcare were selected and compiled from prestigious publications. Results: The results established a distribution of the available literature and identified papers related to certain research questions, thereby providing a map of knowledge that structures the different trends and main areas of research, making it possible to address the research questions and serving as a guide to deepen specific aspects of the field of study. Conclusions: We project and propose future research for the trends that stand out because of their interest and the possibility of exploring these topics in greater depth.
Advanced Driver Assistance and Alerting System Using Human Detection for Collision Avoidance
Authors: Sengupta Joy
Published: February 2023

To avoid pedestrian fatalities due to factors such as understeer of the vehicle or negligence in steering by the driver, a step further needs to be taken to improve the steering kinematics and have object detection integration for a robust solution. Here we integrate human detection concepts in computer vision with steering dynamics concepts in vehicle kinematics to give the framework that achieves the ability to avoid pedestrian fatalities due to its ability, innovativeness, and integrated units. The paper consists of a description of each component and the overall system function.

Results of the pedestrian sensing system and steering kinematics have been included in this document in the form of program outputs, simulation results, and calculations.
Machine learning and micromechanics as allies to establish composition-property correlations in cement pastes
Authors: Honorio Tulio , Hamadouche Sofiane , Fau Amélie
Published: February 2023

Composition-property correlations are fundamental to understand cement-based materials behavior and optimize their formulation. Modelling based on fundamental material component constitutes a reliable tool to establish these correlations with the advantage of better exploring formulation space when compared with the often adopted experimental trial-and-error approaches. In this context, Machine Learning (ML) and Micromechanics-Based (MB) methods have been concurrently used for property prediction from material composition. Here, we show that these techniques can be allies for establishing composition-property correlations. We focus on predictions of Ordinary Portland Cement pastes elastic properties, but the outlined strategy can be extended to other cement systems. Various microstructures representations are considered in MB estimates, including multiscale representations and representations with ellipsoidal inclusions. In contrast, ML predictions do not need any a priori assumption on material microstructure. Predictions using ML and MB yield similar accuracy when compared against test datasets (but ML performed much better regarding the error estimated in training datasets). Working as allies, ML can be deployed to evaluate the (lack of) knowledge over the multi-dimensional parametric domains, and micromechanics provides a theoretical background for property data curation and is a tool to make up for missing data in databases.
Long Short-Term Memory Network Hyperparameter Optimization using Hybrid Algorithm GA-PSO on LQ45 Stock Prediction
Authors:   Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia, 11480, Fitzhan Adriel Lazaro , Wibowo Antoni
Published: February 2023

Stock is a good investment tool, keeping money from inflation, and very trendy to earn a living nowadays by becoming a trader. There is always a risk, especially when trading, because stocks can fluctuate easily depending on the company. One of the data science capabilities, prediction modeling, can help lower the risk by predicting the stock price movement. This research proposed a prediction sequential data model, an optimized hyperparameter LSTM Network using hybrid GA-PSO (LSTM-GA-PSO). Hybrid GA-PSO aims to overcome the GA problem in terms of slow execution time and PSO that tend to be trapped in the local optimum. With the characteristics of both algorithms, the hybrid algorithm can solve each other algorithms downside. The low fluctuation stock of the Indonesian Index LQ45 dataset will be used to train and test the model and compare the proposed model with LSTM-GA and LSTM-PSO. Experiment results show that the hybrid LSTM-GA-PSO has a promising performance. Hybrid GA-PSO improved 18.18% of its time execution to GA and 29.07% accuracy to PSO.
Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: The Granada statements
Authors: Fernandez-Llimos Fernando , Desselle Shane , Stewart Derek , Garcia-Cardenas Victoria , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din , Bond Christine , Dago Ana , Jacobsen Ramune , Nørgaard Lotte Stig , Polidori Carlo , Sanchez-Polo Manuel , Santos-Ramos Bernardo , Shcherbakova Natalia , Tonin Fernanda S.
Published: February 2023

Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as “the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care”. Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors’ selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
Editorial
Authors:   University of Melbourne, Roycroft Madeline
Published: February 2023

As life in Melbourne regained some sense of normality throughout 2022, the Context committee was delighted to receive yet another high volume of submissions for Issue 48. It is with great pleasure that I introduce our readers to this issue—our largest since 2014—featuring a wide range of discussions led by Australian and international authors. […]
Determinación de coeficiente foliar para la vainilla (Vanilla sp.) y la papa china [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott]
Authors: Acosta Iglesias Dagoberto , Yaguache Camacho Bélgica D. , Gutiérrez Morales Eberto P.
Published: February 2023

El resultado principal obtenido, se basa en la determinación de un coeficiente foliar para cada una de dos especies de plantas de interés para la investigación, la vainilla (Vanilla sp.)  y la papa china [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott]. El procedimiento seguido consiste en considerar una cantidad adecuada de nodos, tomando las medidas en un sistema de coordenadas rectangulares, ubicada la hoja de forma conveniente, a partir de los cuales se construye utilizando una modificación de la interpolación segmentada de segundo orden, que considera la condición sobre la segunda derivada, en lugar de la primera, con el propósito de modelar el borde de la hoja conservando la intensidad con la que se curva, identificada con la concavidad. Construido el borde de la hoja, se calcula el área que este encierra y se compara con la de un rectángulo que la contiene de forma inscrita, para determinar el coeficiente foliar que pueda ser utilizado en estudios sobre procesos de fotosíntesis en la planta. Son utilizadas dos modalidades de hojas para este fin, las hojas medidas experimentalmente y otro conjunto de hojas, generadas de forma artificial y proporcional, desde las de tamaño menor hasta las más grandes. Los cálculos se realizan con programas formulados en el Asistente Matemático Matlab.
Natural Genera, Scientific Classifications, Life, Fireworks and COVID
Authors: Torrens Francisco
Published: February 2023

A difficulty exists in separating the real aspects from the point of view of the researchers. A taxonomic classification is proposed in five kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, protista and monera. Humans are the only species capable of manipulating the biosphere on a large scale. Behind the light, colour, sound and smoke from fireworks there is a chemical reaction and a table of chemical elements. The history of pesticides presents a set of little-known stories of environmental pollution. What communication and action to take against the climate emergency? Sustainable development is carried out in the food industry: energy consumption, water consumption, wastewater management, waste management, containers and packaging, and food waste. The 20th century advances in molecular biology–genomics are informed: what they are and what they represent for today's medicine. Drug repurposing is reviewed for coronavirus treatment and computational study based on molecular topology. Chemistry and pharmacy might be sustainable. Processing might also be sustainable.
Mascarillas con tejido inteligente
Authors: Serrano Aroca Ángel
Published: February 2023

Se han desarrollado mascarillas con tejido inteligente capaz de inactivar virus con envoltura de forma instantánea y bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos mediante una tecnología antimicrobiana de bajo coste. Este tejido inteligente es capaz de inactivar el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo de tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causante de la enfermedad Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) y a bacterias resistentes a antibióticos como la Staphylococcus aureus y la Staphylococcus epidermidis, resistentes a la meticilina. Esta nueva tecnología ha sido transferida del laboratorio (www.serranobblab.com) a la industria (www.visormed.com/es) en tiempo récord para la fabricación en masa de mascarillas de nueva generación FFP2 y mascarillas quirúrgicas tanto en tamaño adulto como infantil que les confiere capacidad antimicrobiana y que por tanto proporcionan una gran protección a su usuario frente a infecciones microbianas. Estas nuevas mascarillas serán útiles para reducir las infecciones por COVID-19 en la presente pandemia, y otras infecciones provocadas por virus respiratorios con envoltura como la gripe. Además, permitirá dotar de gran protección a la población en futuras pandemias y frente a la gran amenaza creciente de las bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos.
On the Use of YouTube, Digital Games, Argument Maps, and Digital Feedback in Teaching Philosophy
Authors: Bohlmann Markus , Lanius David , Maisenhölder Patrick , Moser Tim , Noller Jörg , Schwartz Maria
Published: February 2023

We give an overview of the methodological possibilities of some important digital tools for teaching philosophy. Several didactically applicable methods have evolved in digital culture, including their implicit methodologies, theories about how these methods may be used. These methodologies are already applied by philosophers today and have their benefits and justifications in philosophy classes as well. They can help to solve known problems of philosophy education. We discuss problems of incomprehensibility and their possible solutions through digital explanations in pod- and videocasts such as YouTube; problems of interaction, motivation, and immersion that digital games and gamification may solve; problems of the complexity of philosophical content and digital concept- and argument-maps to deal with these; problems of implicitness and the possibility to make implicit things in philosophy class explicit through indirect feedback tools.
TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS OF FEMALE EMPLOYMENT IN JAPAN
Authors: Moe Imai , Ryo Takeshita , Shusuke Tsuboi
Published: February 2023

In Japan, the declining birthrate and an aging population have made the labor supply by women very important. Numerous studies have analyzed the choice of women in having children or continuing to work. These studies provide very important insights into the employment choices of Japanese females. However, they mainly use micro data and focus only on specific time points. In this study, we investigate the effects of the average income, tax rate, and rate of advancement to university on employment behavior among Japanese women using time-series data. The results of multiple regression analyses suggest that male regular employment rate, average annual household income, female university advancement rate, and consumption tax rate have different effects on regular and non-regular employment rates of Japanese women. The male regular employment rate has positive effects on female regular employment rate, but it has no effect on female non-regular employment rate. The high household income seems to reduce the probability of women working as non-regular workers but does not seem to reduce the probability of them working as regular workers. The consumption tax rate has effects only on female non-regular employment rate. A high consumption tax rate promotes the female labor supply as non-regular workers.
O MERCADO DE DERIVATIVOS BRASILEIRO: PANORAMAS E EFEITOS PÓS-CRISE DE 2008
Authors: Rimoli Tatiana
Published: February 2023

Os derivativos foram os instrumentos financeiros mais culpabilizados pela crise de 2008 nos Estados Unidos. De alta complexidade e difícil rastreamento, esses pacotes financeiros envolveram diversos agentes econômicos e criaram uma espécie de cadeia de valorização que, na reversão do ciclo econômico, se tornou uma cadeia de falências, motivo pelo qual o Estado americano decidiu intervir na economia. O Brasil passou pelos anos subsequentes ao colapso com bons indicadores econômicos, e parece ter sofrido pouco os impactos da crise que assolou os Estados Unidos e a Europa, bem como outros países melhores integrados no sistema financeiro internacional. Esse trabalho tem, então, dois objetivos. O primeiro é caracterizar o mercado de derivativos no Brasil, afim de compreender seu funcionamento. O segundo é averiguar se houve mudanças nesse mercado após a crise de 2008, mesmo que os efeitos imediatos no país não tenham sido em direção a uma depressão econômica. Ademais, é interessante expor e compreender as novas medidas regulatórias e o mercado crescente e cada vez mais integrado internacionalmente de derivativos no país. Para tanto, este trabalho procurou definir os principais produtos e participantes do mercado de derivativos de modo geral; contextualizar o mercado historicamente; estilizar os fatos da crise de 2008, seu antecedentes e consequentes regulatórios; caracterizar o mercado brasileiro, seus principais produtos e medidas regulatórias.
Corrosion degradation of aluminium alloys using a computational framework
Authors:   Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Toor Zaigham Saeed , Zafar Muhammad Moaaz
Published: February 2023

The paper describes the corrosion based degradation of aluminium alloys using an analytical and numerical framework. The corrosion rate was calculated using analytical equations for aluminium sheets subjected to a corrodent. Parametric analysis for the pit morphology, diameter, depth and distribution on the plate was conducted using finite element analysis. A comparison between elliptical and circular pits of the same area was also made for stress magnification using numerical analysis. It was observed that the stress generated at constant load when a specimen corrodes due to pitting is directly proportional to the pit diameter and pit depth. Zigzag pit morphologies due to the combined effect of mechanical degradation and corrosion have the highest stress at the corners of the pattern, while circular pits have the highest stress at the centre of the pit. The zigzag pit morphology has more detrimental effects than circular pits. For multiple distributed pits, the pits closer to the specimen edges exhibit higher stress values than those near the centre of the specimen. The effect of multiple or quantitatively increased number of pits having smaller geometric properties has a more detrimental effect than a single pit with larger geometric attributes.
Ժամանակի հայեցակարգի առանձնահատկությունները Ժան-Պոլ Սարտրի ‹‹Վերջին հնարավորություն›› վեպ-կինոսցենարում
Authors: Մայիլյան Ալվարդ
Published: February 2023

Հոդվածում  վերլուծվում են դասական քրոնոտոպի փոխակերպումը Ժան-Պոլ Սարտրի ‹‹Վերջին հնարավորություն›› վեպ-կինոսցենարում, տարածաժամանակային հայեցակարգի նոր դրսևորումները հերոսների հիշողությունների և հանդերձյալ կյանքի պատկերման միջոցով:

Ուսումնասիրվում են քրոնոտոպի նոր դրսևորումները հերոսների հիշողությունների, երևակայության և համակերպման միջոցով, ինչպես նաև կրկնակի քրոնոտոպի հնարը, ֆանտաստիկ էլեմենտների ներմուծումը տեքստ՝ որպես հեղինակի փիլիսոփայական հայացքների մեկնություն:
Proposed Digital Marketing Strategy for Textile Companies (Case Study: PT. Aneka Tekstil Indonesia)
Authors:   Master of Business Administration, School of Business and Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia, 40132, Prameswari Dhianya Ayuning , Aprianingsih Atik ,   Master of Business Administration, School of Business and Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia, 40132
Published: February 2023

PT. Aneka Tekstil Indonesia commonly called ATENDO is a company engaged in the textile sector. ATENDO has been producing textile products for the past three years or so, but until now there are still many people who do not recognize and do not believe in this company. This company faces the problem of a lack of brand awareness and a sense of trust from the public, resulting in several transactions being canceled by potential customers. In the midst of this digitalization era, people get more information and trust a company digitally through the internet. This study aims to help companies deal with problems related to promotional issues using internal and external company analysis. The results of the analysis show that the company has not carried out a marketing strategy through digital marketing. The author proposes the implementation of a new marketing strategy using new digital marketing techniques by creating a website for the company, then implementing SEO, and creating several social media for the company as a means of information and communication for testimonials from customers, some of these strategies are based on the results of internal, external, and SWOT analysis of the company.
Evaluation of the Binding Property of Irvingia Gabonesis Gum in Paracetamol Tablet Formulations Produced using Two Different Disintegrants
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, Eziuzo Okafo Sinodukoo , Emmanuel Agbamu ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, Naomi Bazunu Ogheneyerhovwome ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, Joel Onoja Ojogbane ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

Paracetamol is mainly used as analgesic and antipyretic drug. This study was conducted to evaluate the binding property of Irvingia gabonensis gum (IGG) in paracetamol tablet formulations in the presence of either maize starch or microcrystalline cellulose as disintegrant. IGG was isolated by acetone precipitation of the filtrate from the maceration of the powdered seeds of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae) in distilled water for 24 h. Paracetamol granules were prepared using the wet granulation method. They were produced by using various concentration of IGG as binder, maize starch or microcrystalline cellulose as disintegrants and lactose as filler. The different formulations of paracetamol granules were mixed with magnesium stearate and talc and compressed into the respective tablets. The tablets were evaluated based on uniformity of weight, tablet hardness, friability, disintegration time and in vitro drug release. The tablet hardness for the paracetamol tablet formulations ranged from 2.27±0.09 to 8.00±0.54 Kgf. The friability values ranged from 0.21 ± 0.04 to 3.40±0.10%. The disintegration time ranged from 3.00±0.10 to 23±0.50 min. Tablets from all the formulations released up to 70% of their paracetamol contents within 25 min. For all the formulations, as the binder concentration increased the rate of drug release decreased. For tablets prepared using IGG as binder; formulations that contain microcrystalline cellulose as disintegrant had better release profile than those prepared using maize starch as disintegrant. The study shows that IGG have good binding property. Paracetamol tablets formulated using IGG as binder have comparable hardness value but lower disintegration time than those formulated using maize starch mucilage as binder.
Implementation of Community-Based Tourism in the Management of Sustainable Tourism Village in Huta Tinggi
Authors:   Universitas Pelita Harapan, Hubner Ira , Indra, Febryola ,   Universitas Pelita Harapan, Juliana Juliana ,   Universitas Pelita Harapan
Published: February 2023

: Huta Tinggi Tourism Village is located in Pangulang District, Samosir District, North Sumatra. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative approach that employs a community-based research model that leverages community engagement to provide support, resources, and participation in the research process to produce research outcomes that benefit them. increase. The problem under study has two formulations: (1) How does Huta Tinggi Tourism Village Institute realize the application of Community Based Tourism (CBT) concept in managing sustainable tourist attractions? (2) In managing sustainable tourism destinations What are the roles of relevant stakeholders? Data sources for this study are primary and secondary data using observational, interview, documentation, and FGD (focus group discussion) data collection techniques. Data analysis uses data collection, data summation, data presentation, and inference phases. Research shows that the concept of CBT involves all stakeholders in the tourism industry, but needs to be further developed. The relevant stakeholders involved in managing destinations consist of community groups, governments and those responsible for creating sustainable management of destinations. There are still many problems to be solved, especially in environment and water management.
Canva-Based Adaptive Electronic Module on History Subject of Senior High School Using the ASSURE Model: A Developmental Study
Authors:   Department of History Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember, Indonesia, Saniah Fida Lafatus , Umamah Nurul ,   Department of History Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember, Indonesia, Sumardi Sumardi ,   Department of History Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the results of expert validation and the level of effectiveness of learning history using Canva-based adaptive electronic modules with the application of the ASSURE model in collaboration with learning technology. This research is classified as research and development, in which pre-test and post-test were carried out to 36 students of the tenth grade to be able to find out the level of effectiveness of the product being developed. Data analysis techniques used involved paired statistics, paired correlation, paired sample t-test and normality test. Based on the T-test in the small group test, it is known that the t test value was 25.31 (df = 8) and the t test value in the large group was 58.14 (df = 35) with a significance value of 0.00. The significance value was smaller than the 5% confidence level threshold value (0.00 <0.05) so it can be concluded that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in the small and large group tests. Based on the results of learning using Canva-based adaptive e-modules, it can be used as a learning resource for students. This is evidenced by an increase in learning outcomes in small groups with an effectiveness value of 0.98 with high effectiveness qualifications and the results of large group trials with an effectiveness value of 0.97 with high effectiveness qualifications. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is an increase in student learning outcomes after using Canva-based adaptive e-modules as a source of learning.
Brexit: Would the UK Lose or Benefit?
Authors:   Teeside University, Lartey Solomon
Published: February 2023

Since the Brexit vote in 2016, Britain's decision to leave the European Union, or Brexit, has been a hotly contested topic. There has been a lot of talk and research about the possible effects of Brexit on the UK economy, but nobody knows what will happen. An analysis of the literature on the effects of Brexit on the British economy would show different points of view. Many economic analysts worry that Brexit would hurt the British economy by causing them to lose access to the EU single market, EU financial programmers, jobs, and investment. Some point to the potential for expanded commerce with non-EU nations and more leeway in determining domestic policy as economic advantages. The financial consequences of Brexit will also be significantly affected by the conclusion of the continuing discussions between the UK and the EU and the deal that is ultimately struck.
Communication Barriers in Online Learning for Teachers, Students and Parents of Students of Public Elementary School I Teluk Pucung
Authors:   Faculty of Communication Sciences Bhayangkara Jakata Raya University, PermataSari Diah Ayu Dewi , Widodo Aan ,   Faculty of Communication Sciences Bhayangkara Jakata Raya University
Published: February 2023

This research was conducted to explain how communication barriers during online learning for teachers, students and parents of grade 3 students at Teluk Pucung State Elementary School in North Bekasi. The approach in this study uses a qualitative approach using phenomenological methods. The subjects or informants selected in this study were grade 3 teachers, grade 3 students and parents of grade 3 students. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study show that there were communication barriers in the online learning process that took place yesterday, such as: teachers, students and parents experienced technical obstacles. Students and parents experience semantic barriers when the teacher delivers the material in a high tone/voice because the teacher anticipates if his voice is not heard when delivering the material but the student thinks that the teacher is angry. Students and parents experience behavioral barriers or humanitarian barriers such as students feeling bored and saturated quickly and students showing lazy behavior / attitudes during online learning, Parents of students are easily angry with their children if they are explaining or accompanying their children to do online learning. The three communication barriers that occurred in grade 3 of SDN I Teluk Pucung North Bekasi during online learning took place yesterday.
Antipsychotics in Treatment of Schizophrenic Patients with Past Medical History of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors:   Marie Curie Science Research Center, Assefi Marjan , Pawate Rahul ,   Poznan University of medical sciences, Poznan Poland
Published: February 2023

Antipsychotic use in schizophrenia has been linked with a myriad of negative cardiovascular outcomes including the recurrence of coronary artery disease. This article evaluates the pathological mechanisms that correlate the relationship between antipsychotic use in schizophrenia and coronary artery disease in a patient predisposed to the condition. The study hypothesizes that certain atypical antipsychotics can increase the risk of recurrence of CAD accompanied by the development of metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and lipid disorders in a chronic schizophrenia patient. Additionally, it is essential to address the problem of the knowledge gap due to insufficient data and limitations of the undertaken study group. Extending the research on specific disorders such as metabolic syndrome and exploring the topic of medication compliance with patients is vital. Lifestyle management and pharmacological intervention significantly reduce mortality and morbidity due to CAD in schizophrenia patients.
Cardiovascular Complications of Hyperthyroidism
Authors:   Marie Curie Science Research Center, Assefi Marjan
Published: February 2023

Thyrotoxicosis is a clinical syndrome caused by an excess of thyroid hormones circulating in the body. Myocardium and blood arteries have thyroid hormone receptors; hence, an increase or decrease in thyroid hormone levels can alter cardiovascular function. Cardiovascular complications are obvious in-patient with hyperthyroidism. Palpitations, tachycardia, exercise intolerance, dyspnea with exertion, expanded pulse pressure, and on occasion atrial fibrillation are associated with hyperthyroidism, excessive endogenous thyroid hormone production, and thyrotoxicosis, the condition caused by excess thyroid hormone. In the early stages of hyperthyroidism, a high cardiac output and hypertrophy of the left ventricle are observed, followed by biventricular dilatation and congestive heart failure. Atrial fibrillation and pulmonary arterial hypertension can contribute to the higher morbidity associated with untreated hyperthyroidism. Therefore, early and effective treatment of hyperthyroidism is required to prevent thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy.
Artificial Intelligence Driven Nuclear Reactor Instrumentation and Control Measurements In-core and Out-core in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors:   Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Chief Executive Officer, Consulting Firm, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America, Zohuri Bahman , Zadfathollah Rahele ,   Department of Physics, K N Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Published: February 2023

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in nuclear in-core instrumentation and control has the potential to improve the safety and efficiency of nuclear power plants. In-core instrumentation refers to the sensors and other measurement devices that are used to monitor the conditions inside the nuclear reactor core, such as temperature, pressure, and neutron flux. These measurements are used to control the operation of the reactor and ensure that it is operating within safe limits from Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) point of view. One way that AI can be used in nuclear in-core and out-core Instrumentation and Control (I&C) as well as Instrumentation and Measurement (I&M) is by analyzing the data from these sensors in real-time and using machine learning algorithms to identify patterns and trends. This can help operators to detect potential problems or anomalies before they become critical, allowing them to take proactive measures to prevent accidents or malfunctions. AI can also be used to optimize the operation of the reactor by analyzing data from past operations and using this information to develop more efficient control strategies. For example, AI algorithms could be used to identify the most effective combination of control parameters to maintain a stable and safe reactor operation, while minimizing the use of fuel and other resources. Overall, the use of AI in nuclear In-core instrumentation and control has the potential to improve the safety, efficiency, and reliability of nuclear power plants. As AI technology continues to advance, we can expect to see more widespread adoption of these technologies in the nuclear industry
Knowledge & Attitude regarding Stem Cells research and its applications among Residents of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Ambreen Unar  , Syed Akbar Abbas  , Abdul Basit Shah Vardag  , Soubia Akhtar  , Ozair Awan  , Ainulakbar Mughal
Published: February 2023

Objective: The importance and potential of the use of stem cells as therapeutic tools is enormous and therefore, health professionals should be expected to have thorough knowledge and a positive attitude towards their utilization in medical practice. Hence this study was carried out to report and assess the knowledge and attitude regarding stem cell in our region.

Methodology: The study was conducted amongst the residents employed at the Aga Khan University hospital, Karachi Pakistan from September-October 2022 with a sample size of 57.

Results: Amongst our survey participants, 33 (54.2%) responded with a score of 48 and above (i.e., 60% or above); 25 (40.9%) of the study participants scored between 50-60% only 3 (4.9%) had a score 40-50%

Conclusion: Our survey shows a reasonable level of knowledge of the generic principles and implications Stem cell therapy amongst the residents

Keywords: Stem cell, Head and Neck, Risk, Cell, Tissue, Therapy
Mesenchymal stem cells and its translation into clinical orthodontics: current trends and future perspectives
Authors: Aqeel Ahmed  , Hafsa Qabool  , Saqib Habib  , Mubassar Fida  , Syeda Gul Rukh Shah
Published: February 2023

Oral mesenchymal stem cell populations in humans have been discovered in close vicinity to oral mucosal tissues and both primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent) teeth.  All these different kinds of stem cells have the ability to divide and replenish themselves, however they vary in their gene expression profiles and their capacity to give rise to distinct cell lineages.  They all have multipotentiality i.e. chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic.  Due to their relative accessibility, these cell types may form a source of stem cells with substantial potential for application in tissue regeneration.  In this review, discoveries outlining stem cell potential are discussed on various aspects as, are their various applications in orthodontics i.e. orthodontic tooth movement, fixing external root resorption, correcting craniofacial anomalies, accelerating craniofacial distraction osteogenesis, recreating the TMJ, and ensuring a stable maxillary expansion.
Keywords: Cell, Osteogenesis, Transcriptome, Orthodontics, Stem Cells, Membrane, Temporomandibular
Negotiating the Indian Ocean Whale Sanctuary
Authors: Holt Sidney
Published: February 2023

This paper provides an overview of the establishment of the International Whaling Commission’s Indian Ocean Sanctuary in 1979. The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling enables the IWC to designate sanctuaries as well as open and closed areas for whaling. The author reflects upon the background to the issue of whale sanctuaries within the IWC and the particular role of the Seychelles Government in the development of the proposal for a sanctuary in the Indian Ocean. He notes the political, scientific and practical factors surrounding the acceptance of the proposal by the IWC and briefly discusses subsequent events.
Obtaining distributional information on Indian Ocean cetaceans: suggestions based on an Indian network experience
Authors: Sathasivam Kumaran , Natarajan K. S.
Published: February 2023

The understanding of the occurrence and distribution of cetaceans in the Indian region is largely based on information that has been incidentally obtained from strandings and bycatches. An attempt was made to compile such data systematically. The resultant database has been made widely accessible by hosting it on the internet. To improve the quality of information collected, identification aids were published on the same website. A stranding booklet was also created, mainly for the use of individuals and organisations with limited access to the internet. The ‘spare capacity’ of individuals and organisations was used to gather information and also to prepare the website and booklets, so that little or no expense was incurred. Recommendations are made regarding the collection of distributional data from the Indian Ocean.
Seasonal distribution, movements and taxonomic status of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) in the northern Indian Ocean
Authors: Andersen R. Charles , Branch Trevor A. , Alagiyawadu Anoma , Baldwin Robert , Marsac Francis
Published: February 2023

There is a distinct population of blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus, in the northern Indian Ocean. The taxonomic status of these animals has long been uncertain, with debate over whether this population represents a distinct subspecies, and if so which name should apply. They have most frequently been assigned to B. musculus brevicauda, but are currently considered to be B. m. indica. The movements of these blue whales within the northern Indian Ocean are poorly understood. This paper reviews catches (n = 1,288), sightings (n = 448, with a minimum of 783 animals), strandings (n = 64) and acoustic detections (n = 6 locations); uses ocean colour data to estimate seasonality of primary productivity in different areas of the northern Indian Ocean; and develops a migration hypothesis. It is suggested that most of these whales feed in the Arabian Sea off the coasts of Somalia and the Arabian peninsula during the period of intense upwelling associated with the southwest monsoon (from about May to October). At the same time some blue whales also feed in the area of upwelling off the southwest coast of India and west coast of Sri Lanka. When the southwest monsoon dies down in about October–November these upwellings cease. The blue whales then disperse more widely to eke out the leaner months of the northeast monsoon (during about December to March) in other localised areas with seasonally high productivity. These include the east coast of Sri Lanka, the waters west of the Maldives, the vicinity of the Indus Canyon (at least historically), and some parts of the southern Indian Ocean. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that at least some of the blue whales that feed off the east coast of Sri Lanka in the northeast monsoon also feed in the Arabian Sea during the southwest monsoon. These whales appear to migrate eastwards past the north of Maldives and south of Sri Lanka in about December–January, returning westwards in about April–May
Occurence and residency patterns of humpback whales off Réunion Island during 2004–10
Authors: Dulau-Drouot Violaine , Fayan Jacques , Mouysset Laurent , Boucaud Virginie
Published: February 2023

Dedicated humpback whale surveys were conducted around Réunion Island during 2004–10. Boat-based surveys were conducted from June to October, in the main objective of collecting photo-identification data. For 2004–10, a total of 501 survey trips, representing 1,530 hours of onsearching effort, and 724 humpback whale sightings were achieved. Although effort had a significant influence on the number of sightings, sighting rate was shown to increase significantly from 2007 onwards, with a peak in 2008. Seasonal variations were observed, with significantly higher numbers of sightings occurring in July–September. Larger number of whales, together with increased survey effort, led to larger datasets collected in 2008–10, allowing further investigation of residency pattern. Within-year recaptures from fluke photographs showed that a relatively large proportion (30%) of the identified whales was recaptured on more than one day around the island. Maximum recapture interval reached 64 days, with a mean ranging 22–29 days for 2008–10. Mean residency, estimated from expected lagged identification rate, was 25 days. Mothers with a calf were shown to reside around the island for longer period of time than other individuals. A seasonal pattern of residency was demonstrated, with single capture individuals occurring early in the season, mainly as singleton or pairs, while individuals showing higher recapture interval were present around the island from August to October. Between-year recaptures were reported for 2009–10, with five individuals re-sighted on consecutive years. The fluke catalogue for Réunion includes 312 distinct individuals identified during 2004–10 surveys, together with 21 additional whales captured opportunistically since 2001. The increasing trend in the number of whales, the high residency time observed for 2008–10 and the recent occurrence of inter-annual recaptures suggest that Réunion Island has become an important migratory site for humpback whales within the south-western Indian Ocean (Breeding Stock C). The species might expand its spatial range by occupying new breeding sites (or re-occupying old ones) within the south-western Indian ocean, as a result of population growth.
Gray whale southbound migration surveys 1967–2006: an integrated re-analysis
Authors: Laake Jeffrey L. , Punt Andre E.
Published: February 2023

Between 1967 and 2007, 23 seasons of shore-based counts of the Eastern North Pacific (ENP) stock of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) were conducted throughout all or most of the southbound migration near Carmel, California. Population estimates have been derived from these surveys using a variety of techniques that were adapted as the data collection protocol evolved. The subsequent time series of estimates was used to evaluate trend and population status, resulting in the conclusion that the population was no longer endangered and had achieved its optimum sustainable population (OSP) level. We re-evaluated the data from all of the surveys using a common estimation procedure and an improved method for treatment of error in pod size and detection probability estimation. The newly derived abundance estimates between 1967 and 1987 were generally larger (–2.5% to 21%) than previous abundance estimates. However, the opposite was the case for survey years 1992 to 2006, with estimates declining from –4.9% to –29%. This pattern is largely explained by the differences in the correction for pod size bias, which occurred because the pod sizes in the calibration data over-represented pods of two or more whales and underrepresented single whales relative to the estimated true pod size distribution.
Trackline detection probability of Antarctic minke whales: analyses of the BT mode experiments conducted on the IWC-SOWER cruises 2005/06–2007/08
Authors: Burt M. Louise , Borchers David L. , Ensor Paul
Published: February 2023

IWC sightings surveys to obtain abundance estimates of cetaceans have taken place in the Antarctic since 1978/79. In order to interpret the minke whale abundance from these surveys and trial different search protocols for future cruises, Buckland-Turnock (BT) search mode experiments were conducted during the IWC-SOWER 2005/06, 2006/07 and 2007/08 cruises. BT search mode is a particular configuration of a double-observer survey and two configurations of BT mode were implemented on the SOWER cruises; BT-NSP mode and BT-option 2. Normal standard passing (NSP) mode is a standard search mode for SOWER vessels and in BT-NSP mode, the observer located on the barrel became the primary and searched as usual in NSP mode with 7×50 binoculars; the observers on the upper bridge became the tracker and used big eye binoculars mounted on the upper bridge. Thus, the probability of detection for the observer in the barrel can be estimated which can help inform interpretations of abundance estimates of SOWER data. For BT-NSP mode, the estimates of detection probability on the trackline for the observer in the barrel ranged between 0.35 (CV = 0.57) to 0.69 (CV = 0.23) for the different years and combinations of data and models. In BT-option 2, the observer on the barrel (searching with 7×50 binoculars) acted as tracker and the observer on the independent observer (IO) platform acted as the primary (searching with naked eye). For this configuration, the estimates of primary detection probability on the trackline were 0.25 (CV = 0.59) and 0.28 (CV = 0.50) for two different models.