bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustentabilidade de Sistemas Pecuários no Rio Grande do Sul e Perspectivas de Políticas Públicas Regionais ## Sustainability of Livestock Systems in Rio Grande do Sul and Regional Public Policy Perspectives
Authors: Delanoy Marcelo , Almeida Viana João Garibaldi , Troian Alessandra
Published: January 2021

ResumoA sustentabilidade de estabelecimentos rurais vem ganhado destaque nas discussões internacionais, sobretudo na produção pecuária. Tendo em vista que o Brasil é um dos principais produtores de proteína animal e o Rio Grande do Sul é um dos estados responsáveis pela manutenção desse status, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar a sustentabilidade de sistemas pecuários na microrregião da Campanha Meridional do Rio Grande do Sul e refletir sobre políticas públicas regionais para a manutenção da atividade produtiva. O estudo caracteriza-se como quantitativo, a partir da utilização da metodologia MESMIS. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários estruturados, aplicados à trinta produtores rurais. Os resultados demonstram que entre as três dimensões de sustentabilidade estudadas, a dimensão ambiental obteve o menor índice. A dimensão social se destaca pelo elevado índice educacional e de sucessão. A característica de utilização de terra própria para produção elevou a sustentabilidade econômica. Já a questão ambiental enfrenta desafios quando considerada a conscientização ambiental. Por fim, destaca-se a necessidade de políticas que integrem os valores sociais e ambientais da carne produzida no Bioma Pampa, a fim de agregar valor aos produtos regionais e preservar a biodiversidade dos campos naturais do Sul do Brasil. AbstractThe sustainability of rural farmers has gained prominence in international discussions, especially livestock production. Considering that Brazil is one of the main producers of animal protein and Rio Grande do Sul is one of the states responsible for maintaining this status, the present study has the objective of analyzing the sustainability of livestock systems in the microregion of the Campanha Meridional of Rio Grande do Sul and reflect on regional public policies for the maintenance of productive activity. The study is characterized as quantitative, based on the use of the MESMIS methodology. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, applied to thirty rural producers. The results show that among the three dimensions of sustainability studied, the environmental dimension obtained the lowest index. The social dimension stands out for its high educational and succession rates. The characteristic of own land use for production has raised economic sustainability. The environmental issue, however, faces challenges when considering environmental awareness. Finally, there is the need for policies that integrate social and environmental values of the meat produced in Pampa Biome in order to add value to local products and preserve the biodiversity of natural grasslands in southern Brazil.
Influência dos Indicadores Socioeconômicos nas Exportações: um estudo em municípios da região das Missões e Fronteira Noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul ## Influence of Socioeconomic Indicators on Exports: a study in municipalities in the region of the Missions and the Northwest Border of the State of Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Miranda Ronaldo Leão de , França Glaucius André , Hein Nelson
Published: January 2021

ResumoO desenvolvimento de uma dada região passa pela exportação dos produtos locais e regionais. Desse modo, o presente artigo objetiva verificar a influência dos indicadores socioeconômicos nas exportações de produtos básicos e manufaturados dos municípios da região das Missões e Fronteira Noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva em relação a seu objetivo, aplicada quanto aos procedimentos, por meio do levantamento e a utilização de dados secundários, e quantitativa em relação à abordagem do problema, utilizando-se análise discriminante. Quanto aos resultados, observou-se que o indicador que possui maior influência nas exportações de modo geral é a população ocupada com 0,6679, na sequência, tem-se o IDEB com 0,5354, a urbanização de vias públicas com 0,4931 e o salário médio com 0,1267, considerando os 45 municípios da região das Missões e Fronteira Noroeste como cenário de pesquisa. Com a análise discriminante, foi possível mensurar, por meio dos coeficientes padronizados, quais dos indicadores que possuem maior influência no caso de o município ser ou não exportador. Por fim, foi possível aceitar a hipótese de que existe uma relação de influência entre os indicadores socioeconômicos nas exportações tanto gerais quanto de produtos básicos e manufaturados. AbstractThe development of a given region involves the export of local and regional products. Thus, the present article aims to verify the influence of socioeconomic indicators on the exports of basic products and manufactured goods from the municipalities of the Missions and Northwest Frontier region, of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methodologically, the research is characterized as descriptive in relation to its objective regarding the procedures can be considered as applied research from the secondary and quantitative data collection in relation to the approach of the problem, being analyzed through statistical techniques. Regarding the results, we have that the indicator that has the greatest influence on exports in general is the employed population of 0.6667, thus, we have the IDEB with 0.5354, the urbanization of public roads with 0, 4931 and the average salary of 0.1277, and the 45 municipalities in the Missions and Northwest Frontier region as a research scenario. These indicators had as function to measure through the standardized coefficients, which of these had greater influence of the municipality being or not exporter. Finally, it was possible to accept the hypothesis that there is a relationship of influence between the socioeconomic indicators in general exports as well as of basic and manufactured products.
Programa de Redução da Pobreza Rural no Pará: um olhar sobre a construção da governança ## Rural Poverty Reduction Program in Pará: a view of the governance construction
Authors: Santos Brenda Cordovil Corrêa dos , Amin Garcia Herreros Mário Miguel
Published: January 2021

ResumoO formato construído para programas de redução da pobreza rural pressupõe uma interação entre financiadores (no caso em estudo, Banco Mundial), governos, comunidades locais e demais parceiros para o desenvolvimento de projetos. Em razão disso, estudar como a governança se reflete nos projetos é de fundamental importância. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a governança nos projetos apoiados pelo Programa Pará Rural, nos municípios de Acará e Tracuateua, no Estado do Pará.Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória com abordagem qualitativa que se baseou em observação, pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados. Como referencial teórico, foram utilizadas as teorias da governança, ação coletiva e a teoria institucional, com foco nos esquemas interpretativos e na construção da estratégia. A pesquisa analisou a governança e os padrões de articulação e cooperação, a forma como se dá a ação coletiva no desenvolvimento do projeto e como as instituições influenciam na formulação estratégica e, consequentemente, na governança das comunidades. Os resultados apontam que, quando o pensamento estratégico não se faz presente e a ação coletiva é frágil, as relações estabelecidas se configuram numa governança desfavorável ao sucesso dos empreendimentos. A pesquisa concluiu que a estratégia e a forma como ocorre a ação coletiva influenciam diretamente na governança.AbstractThe pattern built for rural poverty reduction programs supposes interaction between the sponsors (in this case, the World Bank), Government agents, local communities, and other partners for projects development. Thus, it is the significant importance to study how governance is reflected in projects. The research aims to analyze how has governance been carried out in projects supported by the Pará Rural Program in the municipalities of Acará and Tracuateua, in Pará State. It is a qualitative and exploratory research based on observation, documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews. Theoretically, the research takes the institutional theory and the theories of governance and collective action, particularly focusing on interpretive schemes and strategy building. The research analyzed the governance and its pattern of articulation and cooperation, the way of how collective action happens in projects formulation and consequently on the communities’ governance.
PETROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS FROM THE ST. BARBARA ORE MINE IN RUDE NEAR SAMOBOR
Authors: Bilić Šime , Garašić Vesnica
Published: January 2021

In the scope of this research, the petrographic and geochemical analyses of clastic sedimentary rocks from the St. Barbara, copper and iron ore mine in Rude near Samobor, have been made, aiming to classify and determine the provenance and environment of formation of clastic sedimentary rocks, as well as the influence of hydrothermal fluids on their properties. Eight samples were collected in total from different locations in the mine. Six of those samples have been studied in detail. The results showed structural and geochemical variability and uneven hydrothermal alteration intensity in the samples. Based on petrographic analyses, three rocks are classified as sublithoarenite, quartz arenite and quartz greywacke. Three of the samples are classified as ore breccia, ore sandstone, and ore silt-sandstone due to the pronounced hydrothermal alterations and ore mineralisation. Comprehensively, petrographic and geochemical analyses indicate that the source rocks of the investigated clastic sedimentary rocks were felsic (La/Sc = 0.9-6.2; Th/Sc = 1.3-2.4), most probably sedimentary, possibly resedimented rocks. The extent of source rock weathering was very high (Chemical Index of Alteration CIA = 52.1 - 81.3 %) and the geotectonic position of the sedimentary basin was very likely to be at the passive continental margin.
INJURY ANALYSIS OF IRAN’S MINING WORKPLACES
Authors: Rahimdel Mohammad Javad
Published: January 2021

Mining is a high-risk industry that exposes operators and workers to a high level of occupational health and safety hazards caused by vehicle accidents, blasting, or collapse. This paper aims to analyse the serious and fatal accidents in Iran’s mines over a six-year period, from 2012 to 2017. The data sources were the statistical results of the occupational accidents reported by the National Statistical Centre of Iran and the importance measure of incidents defined by the questionnaires received from the mine safety and health experts. This research presents a model for the prioritization of the mining workplace based on the weighted injury risk of the occupational incidents in the mining industry. The results of this work show that the coal mines of Iran have the highest work-related incidence rate which requires special safety attention. Moreover, the total temporary disability risk is currently at the lowest level in all mining activities, while the fatality risk has significantly increased in the coal mines in recent years. The results obtained from this study are helpful to detect the dangerous mining workplaces and to protect workers from workplace hazards by considering the safety guidelines.
DETERMINATION OF METHANE DESORPTION ZONE FOR THE DESIGN OF A DRAINAGE BOREHOLE PATTERN (CASE STUDY: E4 PANEL OF THE TABAS MECHANIZED COAL MINE, IRAN)
Authors: Hosseini Ali , Najafi Mehdi
Published: January 2021

Underground coal mining is known as one of the major sources of methane emissions which mainly occurs after underground coal extraction. Rock strata in-situ methane can potentially be the most significant hazard in coal mining operations. To prevent or minimize the risks of methane emissions, methane drainage approaches have been adopted by coal mines. Rock mass methane drainage is the most efficient and effective approach toward controlling methane hazards as it prevents and reduces the frequency of methane emissions, outflows into the working area and sudden outbursts of methane and rocks. The method includes drilling boreholes from the tailgate side to the unstressed zone in the roof and floor strata above and below a working coal seam. The coal seam gas content in Tabas Parvadeh I is estimated to be about 16 m3 /t, which is relatively high. Based on exploration data, five distinct coal seams have been identified (B1, B2, C1, C2 and D) at the coal deposit and currently C1 is being worked. Considering the high value of C1 gas content and surrounding rocks, the Methane Drainage System (MDS) has been utilized for gas drainage. This paper tries to determine the desorption area which is essential and helpful for the selection of an effective drilling pattern into the adjacent coal seams. In this study, the methane drainage zone in the E4 panel of the Tabas coal mine was calculated using experimental equations and a drainage borehole pattern was determined.
Corredor-Matheos y Edward Hopper (con Carmen Martín Gaite al fondo). Habitación de Hotel
Authors: Bonet Laureano
Published: January 2021

El cuadro de Edward Hopper Habitación de hotel dejó honda huella en José Corredor-Matheos y Carmen Martín Gaite, pertenecientes al mismo grupo generacional aunque con usos estilísticos dispares. Su reacción ecfrástica ante este óleo vendría facilitada por el hecho de que Hopper fue un «pintor para literatos», según lo confirman las numerosas recreaciones poéticas y narrativas de sus cuadros. En el poema «Qué soledad aflige» (2007), Corredor-Matheos se acerca a Habitación de hotel por medio de una escritura ajena a cualquier señuelo mimético, resaltando la abstracción y esencialidad del cuadro: una tensión helada. Por su parte, Martín Gaite —cuyo realismo es subjetivo y emocional— psicologizará este lienzo en «Todo es un cuento roto en Nueva York» (1993) y en la conferencia Hopper. Habitación de hotel (1996). Pese a dicha disparidad escritural, anida en ambos autores una misma respuesta: el ser humano malvive en un mundo inhóspito, que le intensifica la soledad, la angustia y la alienación.
Métrica y creación en la poesía de José Agustín Goytisolo: inspiración, modelo y juego intertextual
Authors: Julià Jordi
Published: January 2021

Como poeta contemporáneo, José Agustín Goytisolo hizo uso de la tradición poética para escribir sus poemas, pero también estuvo in/uido porla métrica más convencional. No obstante, el ritmo de sus versos juega con los metros de la tradición española para hacer una propuesta formal más personal.Este artículo describe el estilo poético de Goytisolo, y cómo creó algunos de sus poemas sobre el patrón formal de otros poetas.
Development of the NORSAR Network over the Last 50 Yr
Authors: Schweitzer Johannes , Köhler Andreas , Christensen Jon Magnus
Published: January 2021

This contribution describes the development of Norwegian Seismic Array (NORSAR), from its origin 50 yr ago as a project for installing a single seismic array in southern Norway to a seismological research institute operating a network of six arrays and 14 three-component stations located in Norway and Antarctica. In addition, we document the different instrumentations from narrowband, mostly short-period sensors to today’s broadband seismometers that are installed at almost all sites.
Exploring Approaches for Large Data in Seismology: User and Data Repository Perspectives
Authors: Quinteros Javier , Carter Jerry A. , Schaeffer Jonathan , Trabant Chad , Pedersen Helle A.
Published: January 2021

New data acquisition techniques are generating data at much finer temporal and spatial resolution, compared to traditional seismic experiments. This is a challenge for data centers and users. As the amount of data potentially flowing into data centers increases by one or two orders of magnitude, data management challenges are found throughout all stages of the data flow.

The Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology—Réseau sismologique et géodésique français and GEOForschungsNetz data centers—carried out a survey and conducted interviews of users working with very large datasets to understand their needs and expectations. One of the conclusions is that existing data formats and services are not well suited for users of large datasets. Data centers are exploring storage solutions, data formats, and data delivery options to meet large dataset user needs. New approaches will need to be discussed within the community, to establish large dataset standards and best practices, perhaps through participation of stakeholders and users in discussion groups and forums.
El diseño curricular como fundamento para promover la calidad-equidad en contextos afrodescendientes
Authors: Casella-Urbano Zully Mildred
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo expone la construcción de diseños curriculares de educación básica primaria en instituciones públicas colombianas, que permite analizar las relaciones y tensiones entre calidad educativa, equidad, el diseño curricular y la cultura afrodescendiente, como factores que dinamizan o inhiben la promoción pedagógica del binomio calidad-equidad, en beneficio de estudiantes pertenecientes a estratos vulnerables de los municipios afrodescendientes del Departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. La investigación se aborda desde un enfoque etnográfico y holístico, utilizando una modalidad mixta cuanti-cualitativa, donde se toman datos cuantitativos que permiten la comparación de los currículos, relacionados con los resultados de los aprendizajes en pruebas estandarizadas, aplicándose un estudio de casos a 19 Instituciones Educativas. El resultado, se configura como un aporte a la reflexión sobre las teorías y normas, contrastadas con la realidad en ambientes de poblaciones vulnerables y minoritarias con muchas limitaciones y, sobre la idoneidad de los diseños curriculares para hacer de la educación con calidad una palanca promotora de la equidad socio-económico, cívica y cultural.
MIDDLEPOWERMANSHIP IN KOREAN FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Vorontsov A. , Ponka T. , Varpahovskis E.
Published: January 2021

As a result of the Post-Cold War development, the international relations have shifted from bipolarism to a multipolarism. Once relevant Western-born IR theories lack explanatory power. Current IR witness the growing role of the non-Western states both in regional and international domains. Consequently, there is a growing need for appropriate IR theories that could explain the changing world structure, describe the role of new powers in international politics and define future development. Thus, it is essential to study non-Western research that focuses on conceptualization of ongoing processes from its perspective.

The authors analyze the IR theories developed by South Korean scholars. The purpose of this article is to analyze South Korean interpretations of the middlepowermanship that considers the Republic of Korea’s unique regional and global context. South Korean scholars agree on a particular geostrategic location of the state. The geopolitical location, absence of natural resources and limited military power hinder South Korea’s ability to use hard power in regional and international politics. However, South Korea’s economic development and creative approach in foreign policy translate into middle power diplomacy, which includes niche diplomacy, moderating role in relations between greater powers, regional cooperation promotion, and development of the international legal system.

The authors conclude that South Korean version of middle power theory is continuously being (re) interpreted and adapted to the country’s foreign policy. South Korea is to be a a bridge between the great powers in the region.
TRANSNATIONAL EXPERTISE AND EXPERIENCE NETWORKS AND RUSSIA'S ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
Authors: Crowley-Vigneau A. , Baykov A.
Published: January 2021

This article offers an analysis of why Russia has been struggling to implement the environmental policies adopted by the government. While Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs), much discussed in the Constructivist scholarship and concerned with forces behind normative and behavioral change, do indeed have an independent effect on the adoption of environmental laws, they act predominantly through inter-governmental channels, not necessarily impacting on society itself. This partly explains why norms get adopted but may end up not getting implemented. Based on the existing literature on TANs, the authors’inquiry establishes the fact that, to be successful in facilitating implementation, transnational networks can operate not only in the capacity of Advocacy Networks for the adoption of norms, but also as what the authors of this article previously chose to refer to as Expertise and Experience Networks, primarily aiming to aid norm implementation. Countries can be affected by TANs but not by TEENs, which might account for the paradoxical situation in Russia regarding norm implementation. The difference between the two only becomes apparent in cases when they do not operate simultaneously.
SEARCHING FOR SCIENCE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: INSIGHTS FROM CRITICAL REALISM
Authors: Yudin N.
Published: January 2021

A serious academic debate in general, let alone on theoretical and methodological issues, is rare for both Western and Russian peer-reviewed journals. In the context of discussion, launched by a polemical article by a prominent Russian IR expert Alexey Fenenko, published in 2018 in the ‘International Trends’ journal, is more important and noteworthy. Nominally both this article and the subsequent responses from Denis Degterev, Igor Istomin, Andrey Baykov and Konstantin Khudoley focused on a long-running dispute between the proponents of quantitative and qualitative methods in IR studies. However, the true essence of this discussion, as well as its implications, goes far beyond a mere technical argument about methods. The present article examines this discussion as well as developments in contemporary IR theory through the lens of critical realism (CR). The first section considers the arguments of the discussants and shows that they tend to focus on secondary, technical issues leaving out the key subject of the dispute, i.e. how should international studies be organized in order to have a right to be called a science. In order to bring this issue back into the spotlight and to provide a new perspective on the issue, the second section considers the problem field of the contemporary IR theory from the viewpoint of CR. According to critical realists all predominant approaches in the mainstream IR theory are rooted in the Humean empiricism which to a large extent explains both epistemological and practical limitations of the contemporary IR studies. As an alternative, they advance the ideas of the founder of critical realism, British philosopher R. Bhaskar. The third section examines the key epistemological and ontological provisions of CR, which include the fundamental recognition of objective reality, existing prior to and beyond human activities, reality, which is stratified and differentiated. They also entail a specific perception of causality and of possible limits of cogniscibility and predictability of social phenomena. Nonetheless the article is far from a straightforward apology of critical realism. The fourth section identifies certain weaknesses of contemporary interpretations of CR in the context of IR theory, which include a static nature of their methodology and inconsistency of their implications. The author concludes that the major contribution of CR to the IR theory lies in providing a clear path for further research – that is development of materialist theories and approaches.
The Main Challenges to 21st-century Business Administration
Authors: Alvarez Sainz María , Apellaniz Kepa Xabier
Published: January 2021

This article presents and analyses the main challenges facing business organisations today: the management of people and knowledge,
derived from the great transformations caused by the Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions. A new management model, developed in
the Basque Country, and the new style of relationships (ner, using its name form in Spanish – ‘nuevo estilo de relaciones’), shared
by organisations of the ner Group, are presented and the main results of a study on their cultural features are demonstrated, as
perceived by the people who work with this concept. Ner is based on people (the basic pillars of an organisation) who, with
communication and information, are organised in self-managed groups and share a future project with trust, freedom and
responsibility. They develop an important internal solidarity
(the sharing of results, not dismissals) and they dedicate budget and working hours to their commitment to society.
Intelectuais e a transição democrática no México: globalização e modernização como discursos (1988-2000)
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Júnior José Antonio
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar debates e discussões intelectuais no contexto das reformas neoliberais entre os anos 1980 e 1990 no México. O argumento central é que a globalização atuou também na esfera cultural e simbólica através de discursos que se efetivaram na imprensa, onde intelectuais mexicanos discutiram as transformações de seu presente. A análise de revistas culturais publicadas no período revela uma ampla diversidade de posições tomadas pela intelectualidade para interpretar e significar estes processos, utilizando argumentos e ideias para debater e construir explicações para aquela conjuntura. Temas como globalização, democracia e “modernização” são aqui analisados com maior atenção, revelando como intelectuais mobilizaram conceitos para justificar e fundamentar seus argumentos. Inspirado pela história política e intelectual, busco compreender como estas operações discursivas estão conectadas com o contexto político do processo de transição democrática no México.
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF THE RESOURCE POTENTIAL
Authors: Shatalova T. N. , Chebykina M. V.
Published: January 2021

In this article the authors considered the term "potential", conducted its etymological analysis, compared the meaning of this concept with the meaning of this concept used in other scientific disciplines, and considered its economic content. The dialectical and process approach to the study of the essential content of the concept of "potential" was briefly described, and the process of transition from the initial state of the potential through its implementation from a philosophical and economic points of view was schematically demonstrated. The authors argued in favor of using the system-process approach in the study of the resource potential, considered its essential characteristics, articulated the concepts of "public production" and "production relations", considered the importance of entrepreneurial abilities when dividing productive forces into forces of the first and second order, briefly described organizational, social and technical aspects of production forces within the economic analysis, described transcendent and immanent resources as components of the resource potential of an enterprise.
ANALYSIS OF SAMARA REGION TAX POTENTIAL BASED ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Authors: Anisimova V. Y. , Yudakhina D. V.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of Samara region tax potential in the context of the main types of economic activity. The analysis is based on one of the methods for tax potential assessment - a simple method based on the gross regional product. The analysis of tax revenues and tax liabilities related to the main types of economic activity was carried out.
FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF ECONOMIC CATEGORY "PERSONAL SAVINGS FOR INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES INVESTMENT”FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF ECONOMIC CATEGORY "PERSONAL SAVINGS FOR INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES INVESTMENT”
Authors: Afonina A.A. , Goman I.V.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of concept "personal savings", which includes the main classification criteria. Problems associated with appraising the significance of personal savings as an investment resource for innovative activities were considered. Studies of economists and scientists in the field of "personal savings" were analyzed, and the main approaches to this category were defined. The theoretical concept of "personal savings", which reflects the use of this category for the resource base of investment in innovative activities of various business entities, was proposed.
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH HAZARDS ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF EMPLOYEES INVOLVED IN INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Salmina Elizaveta Eduardovna , Kashirina Marianna Valerievna
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of industrial health hazards and their impact on employees of industrial enterprises. It also presents the share of industrial pathology, distribution of occupational diseases and intoxication cases depending on the impact of industrial health hazards. Measures for the prevention of occupational diseases were specified.
Los compromisos actuales de la comunicación y la investigación en América Latina: Diálogo con Eva da Porta, Raúl Fuentes Navarro y Erick Torrico
Authors: Chalavazis Acosta Nicolás
Published: January 2021

El presente texto testimonia el lanzamiento del doctorado en Comunicación de la Facultad de Comunicación Social - Periodismo de la UPB. Aquí se compilan algunas de las principales ideas de los ponentes, que versaron acerca del campo de comunicación, del lugar que la investigación ocupa en ese campo, del pensamiento crítico y de la pertinencia de la universidad como institución.
México es un elote y aquí solo 15 granos
Authors: Ramírez-Oliveri Gloria N.
Published: January 2021

Las fotografías que ilustran este artículo fueron tomadas en México en noviembre del año 2019, 10 meses antes de que el COVID-19 llegara a esas tierras como otro “conquistador” (nada cortés) a causar dolor y muerte. Al relatar los abusos cometidos por los enviados de Carlos I de España durante la conquista de México, el fraile español Bartolomé de las Casas refirió 20 millones de víctimas consecuencia del sometimiento impuesto por Hernán Cortés y los hombres a su mando (1519-1521). Cinco siglos después, el pueblo mexicano no se recupera de los efectos de la violencia y la desigualdad social. Con casi 700.000 víctimas, el COVID ha sido menos cruel que los enviados de la corona española. Recuperar la memoria histórica es un deber de justicia frente a infamias que, como la conquista de México, nunca debieron ocurrir. Y aunque la “horrible noche” tampoco ha cesado, todavía este país surrealista y mágico sigue siendo uno de los lugares más extraordinarios y encantadores del planeta; al contrario de lo que alguna vez dijo Dalí, a México siempre hay que volver.
Zrozumieć „innego” – socjologia wiedzy jako perspektywa badawcza dla Disability Studies
Authors: Głąb Zbigniew
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie możliwości zastosowania klasycznej socjologii wiedzy do badań nad debatą publiczną dotyczącą niepełnosprawności w Polsce. W tym celu konieczna jest identyfikacja grup, które wypowiadają się o niepełnosprawności, dążąc do generowania zmiany, jak też analiza (makro i mikro) ich struktury aspektowej – według koncepcji Karla Mannheima. Proponowana analiza dotyczy grup posługujących się ideą niezależnego życia (independent living) w ogólnej opozycji: grupy niepełnosprawnościowe – grupy decyzyjne. W artykule zawarte zostały również główne postulaty badawcze.
Zastosowanie metodologii konstruktywistycznej teorii ugruntowanej do analizy światów społecznych osób głuchoniewidomych
Authors: Kasprzak Tomasz
Published: January 2021

Tekst jest próbą przedstawienia wybranych zagadnień dotyczących zastosowania metodologii konstruktywistycznej teorii ugruntowanej Kathy Charmaz w badaniu osób głuchoniewidomych. Należy podkreślić, że osoby głuchoniewidome stanowią grupę bardzo zróżnicowaną, a problematyka głuchoślepoty jest mało znana w świadomości społecznej i badawczej, a także niewystarczająco opisana w literaturze przedmiotu. Omówiono w niniejszej pracy główne etapy kształtowania się metodologii teorii ugruntowanej, ukazując m.in. badania dotyczące osób z niepełnosprawnością przeprowadzone metodologią teorii ugruntowanej. Autor jednoczesne uszkodzenie słuchu i wzroku rozumie nie tylko jako dysfunkcję dwóch podstawowych zmysłów, zaburzającą funkcjonowanie osoby nią dotkniętej, ale przede wszystkim jako doświadczenie człowieka.
Deficyt wsparcia społecznego – osoby niepełnosprawne w nieformalnych sieciach społecznych
Authors: Masłyk Tomasz
Published: January 2021

Nieformalne sieci społeczne pod postacią kręgów rodzinnych, przyjacielskich czy koleżeńskich są źródłem wsparcia społecznego zapewniającego ochronę zasobów o charakterze emocjonalnym: zdrowia fizycznego, zdrowia psychicznego oraz zadowolenia z życia. Dla osób niepełnosprawnych dostęp do tych zasobów oraz możliwość ich mobilizacji pełnią szczególną rolę. Z jednej strony zasoby emocjonalne mogą kompensować braki w wymiarze instrumentalnym (statusowe), które nierzadko ze względu na niepełnosprawność pozostają poza zasięgiem osób nią dotkniętych. Z drugiej strony mogą pełnić rolę czynnika mobilizującego, zwiększającego szansę na podjęcie przez osoby niepełnosprawne działań zmierzających do pozyskania nowych zasobów. W tym kontekście podjęta została próba nakreślenia empirycznej ilustracji obrazującej: 1) naturę nieformalnych sieci społecznych osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce (w wymiarze afektywnym i współzależności), 2) przedstawienia charakteru uzyskiwanego przez nie wsparcia społecznego (w postaci emocjonalnej), a także 3) zaprezentowania wpływu niepełnosprawności oraz specyfiki sieci społecznych na subiektywnie odczuwany deficyt wsparcia społecznego przy kontroli zmiennych socjodemograficznych. Analizę oparto na danych pochodzących z ośmiu edycji badań (z lat 2000–2015) realizowanych w ramach Diagnozy Społecznej.
Wykluczenie cyfrowe osób z niepełnosprawnościami – perspektywy badawcze
Authors: Żuchowska-Skiba Dorota
Published: January 2021

Nowe technologie komunikacyjno-medialne w kontekście niepełnosprawności są opisywane zarówno jako szansa na szersze włączenie osób z niepełnosprawnościami do pełnego uczestnictwa w życiu społecznym, jak i jako nowa przestrzeń wykluczenia. Z jednej strony pozwalają one na zniwelowanie utrudnień w dostępie do informacji oraz umożliwiają realizację wielu aktywności w przestrzeni wirtualnej wolnej od barier o charakterze fizycznym. Z drugiej strony ograniczenia technologiczne w dostępie do internetu i jego zawartości oraz brak odpowiednich kompetencji w korzystaniu z zasobów sieci przyczyniają się do marginalizacji osób z niepełnosprawnościami we współczesnych społeczeństwach. Tym samym technologie internetowe, pomimo tkwiącego w nich potencjału włączającego, powodują utrwalanie istniejących nierówności i wykluczenia osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Celem rozdziału było pokazanie sposobów badania poziomu wykluczenia cyfrowego osób z niepełnosprawnościami i pokazanie konieczności spojrzenia na kwestie dostępu i używania technologii cyfrowych przez osoby z niepełnosprawnościami w perspektywie pozwalającej na ukazanie relacji pomiędzy cechami demograficzno-społecznymi oraz psychologicznymi a dostępem do internetu i sposobami jego używania. Analiza została oparta na danych udostępnionych na stronie http://www.diagnoza.com/.
Changes That Should Remain in Higher Education Post COVID-19: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of the Experiences at Three Universities
Authors: Benito Águeda , Dogan Yenisey Kubra , Khanna Kavita , Masis Manuel Felipe , Monge Rosa Maria , Tugtan Mehmet Ali , Vega Araya Luis Diego , Vig Rekha
Published: January 2021

Objectives: The goal of the present study is to describe how the transition to remote emergency delivery was addressed in three universities during the COVID-19 pandemic, to determine the satisfaction levels of their students and faculty with this new teaching-learning experience, and to gather their opinions about the future of higher education. Method: The study uses a mixed-methods approach, including faculty and student surveys and focus groups Results: The study shows high satisfaction with the emergency remote delivery and clearly reflects the relevance of enhancing the digital components of future learning experiences in higher education and a unanimous preference for hybrid education. Participants provide recommendations to institutions regarding what students and faculty would like to keep for a more effective learning experience when the new normal comes. Conclusions: COVID-19 has had terrible consequences; however, the pandemic has brought along some positive effects and improvement opportunities in higher education, and, if the results of the present study are any indication, the future of face-to-face higher education should be hybrid. Implication for Theory and/or Practice: The study results can provide recommendations and inform decision-making by institutional leaders and policy makers regarding the necessary enhancement of the digital component of the teaching and learning process in higher education.
Remote Community Engagement in the Time of COVID-19, a Surging Racial Justice Movement, Wildfires, and an Election Year
Authors: Weisman Merith
Published: January 2021

Due to wildfires in fall of 2019 and the COVID-19 pandemic in spring of 2020, Sonoma State University lost 50 service-learning courses, and as a result, almost 900 fewer students completed a service-learning course than the previous year. During the summer of 2020, the Center for Community Engagement began developing service-learning projects that were designed to be done remotely and address either COVID-19 or engage students with involvement in the fall 2020 election. Later, opportunities to address racial injustice and the wildfires were integrated. The opportunities described require active participation but remotely within the community; however, it is possible that students find it challenging to connect their remote experiences to real community need and academic and civic learning. The flexibility and creativity developed for remote service learning are essential in the ongoing adjustment to the changing needs of our students and community partner.
MODERNIZATION OF AIR FORCE EDUCATION – ‘SYSTEMS FOR AERIAL SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY’ PROJECT
Authors:   Review of the Air Force Academy                                                                 No.2 (42)/2020 9 MODERNIZATION OF AIR FORCE EDUCATION – ‘SYSTEMS FOR AERIAL SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY’ PROJECTEcaterina Liliana MIRON“Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Braşov, Romania, MIRON Ecaterina Liliana , PETROV Zhivo ,   Bulgarian Air Force Academy, Dolna Mitropolia, Bulgaria, NAGY Daniela ,   “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Braşov, Romania, GHERMAN Laurian ,   “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Braşov, Romania
Published: January 2021

The current paper presents an analysis of the ‘Systems for Aerial Surveillance and Security’ (SASS) project, carried out under the aegis of the European Union's Erasmus + [4] programme conducted by “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy (AFAHC) in collaboration with partners from Poland and Bulgaria. The project aimed to initiate collaboration between the military universities of the European Union in order to establish common competences that the graduates in the field of aviation will acquire upon the completion of their education. One of the reasons for the development of this project was the need to modernize the education in the AFAHC and update the curricula in accordance with the new technologies equipping the military systems and with the modern teaching / learning methods in the civilian higher education. The running of the project and its finalization led to the design of an education curriculum of the Life-long learning type and an e-learning platform. The analysis of the project by means of various satisfaction questionnaires, applied following certain stages of the project, revealed controversial results.
PARACHUTING – THE AGE OF THE FIRST ATTEMPTS
Authors:   ”Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Braşov, Romania, DEAŞ Mihai
Published: January 2021

Paradoxically enoughthe age of the parachute precedes that of the flying machines by several centuries, so they actually emerge even before man managed to rise into the air. The idea of creating an "umbrella" that allows the descent of a human being from extremeheights is very old, as it is present in various legends and stories, with different populations.This article aims to bring its readers closer to the age of the first trials in parachuting. Thus,it shows how the parachute appeared, what the trials of the greatest inventors were, and makes a necessary connection between parachutingand the beginnings and progress of aviation.
ASPECTS REGARDING THE LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS
Authors:   TransilvaniaUniversity of Braşov, Braşov, Romania, PURCARU Monica A.P.
Published: January 2021

In the present paper addressing the issue of advanced performance in mathematics, we seek to answer to the following study questions: “What are the main factors that lead to the achievement of advanced performance?”; “Which is the profile of the teacher able to train the Olympic students in Mathematics?”; “Why do teachers want for their students to achieve advanced performance in mathematics?”; “Why do the students want to reach a high degree of performance in Mathematics?”; “What difficulties could significantly impede on student progress?”; “What is the connection between enthusiasm and advanced performance in Mathematics?”; “ Why does an Olympic student participate in competitions?”.
Culture de cellules bovines et humaines sur des microsphères de collagène et leur infection avec la rickettsie Cowdria ruminantium : perspectives pour la production des cellules et de vaccin
Authors: Totté Philippe , Blankaert D. , Marique Thierry , Kirkpatrick C. , Van Vooren J.P. , Wérenne John
Published: January 2021

La rickettsie Cowdria ruminantium a été cultivée avec succès dans des lignées de cellules endothéliales bovines (ombilicales, BUEC, et de microvasculature, BMC), ainsi que dans des cultures primaires de cellules endothéliales d'aorte de bovin (BAEC), mais de manière plus surprenante, également dans des cellules endothéliales d'origine humaine : de veine ombilicale (HUVEC) et de microvasculature (HEMEC). Cette première preuve de pathogénicité de cette rickettsie bovine pour le système cellulaire humain provoque un nouvel intérêt concernant sa signification possible pour la santé humaine. Elle indique également d'autres possibilités pour l'atténuation d'isolats de Cowdria ruminantium et donc de nouvelles perspectives pour le développement d'un vaccin. Pour la production de vaccin, la culture en grand de cellules est essentielle. Les résultats montrent que les cellules endothéliales s'attachent de façon efficace sur des microsphères de collagène. Les BAEC se multiplient bien par lots sur ces billes, et si le processus pouvait être optimisé pour les différents types de cellules, cela faciliterait le développement futur d'une production de vaccin contre la cowdriose dans le réacteur à lit fluide VERAX Système un, qui donne des conditions de culture facilement contrôlables
Séroconversion à Cowdria ruminantium de veaux zébus au Malawi, soumis à des stratégies différentes de lutte contre les tiques
Authors: Soldan A.W. , Norman T.L. , Masaka S. , Paxton Edith A. , Edelsten R.M. , Sumption K.J.
Published: January 2021

L'ELISA indirect a été utilisé au Malawi pour comparer la séroconversion à Cowdria ruminantium jusqu'à l'âge d'un an de 66 veaux zébus locaux nés dans des groupes passés au bain détiqueur 17 fois par an, à celle de 32 veaux nés dans des groupes non détiqués. Le nombre d'Amblyomma variegatum et les cas cliniques de la maladie ont été enregistrés dans chaque groupe de bovins. Aucun cas de cowdriose n'a été observé chez les veaux des 2 groupes pendant les 22 premiers mois de leur vie. Les auteurs concluent qu'une stabilité enzootique à C. ruminantium existe chez les zébus locaux non détiqués, caractérisée par une résistance à l'infection, innée et élevée, et une séroconversion entre 3 et 9 mois d'âge de la plupart des veaux nés en mai-juin.
Les implications de la régionalisation et l’évaluation de risque pour les pays en voie de développement
Authors: Ahl A.S. , Acree J.A.
Published: January 2021

L'importation d'animaux et de produits animaux a été basée sur le statut d'un pays entier en ce qui concerne un agent pathogène donné ou une maladie déterminée. Cette doctrine, qui veut que le pays doit être libre, a servi à empêcher le mouvement d'agents indésirables dans une grande partie des pays plus développés. Néanmoins, les producteurs dans les pays qui n'ont pas un statut en santé animale favorable n'ont pas pu participer au commerce international et ces pays sont en général les pays tropicaux en développement. Les traités internationaux actuels sur le commerce (GATT et NAFTA) demandent que les pays soient considérés par régions en ce qui concerne les régulations d'importations pour la santé animale. La régionalisation, combinée à une évaluation consciencieuse du risque, fournit des incitations potentielles pour l'amélioration de la santé et la gestion du bétail dans une zone locale et forme également la base d'autres avantages pour les nations en développement.
Expression d’interleukine 6 après infection par Cowdria ruminantium de cellules endothéliales de cerveau bovin
Authors: Bensaïd Albert , Bourdoulous S. , Lerhun D. , Calvez D. , Droogman L. , Martinez Dominique , Couraud P.O.
Published: January 2021

Les interleukines sont des médiateurs protéiques solubles qui peuvent déclencher une activation cellulaire. D’abord impliquée dans l’activation des cellules T dans la production d’immunoglobulines par les cellules B, l’interleukine 6 (IL6) provoque aussi l’induction de protéines de la phase aiguë par les hépatocytes. Ainsi, l’IL6 est impliquée dans les processus inflammatoires qui sont en grande partie responsables de la pathogénie de la cowdriose. Originellement produit par des macrophages et des cellules endothéliales activées, l’IL6 agit comme un stimulant de la réponse immunitaire. Néanmoins, quand elle est produite constamment et en grandes quantités, l’IL6 provoque des réactions inflammatoires non contrôlées. Afin de tester si l’IL6 est impliquée dans la cowdriose, une culture primaire de cellules endothéliales de cerveau bovin (BBEC) a été infectée in vitro par C. ruminantium. Les cellules infectées ont été récoltées tous les jours et ce jusqu’au sixième jour où toutes les cellules sont lysées. La même expérience a été effectuée sur des BBEC qui ont été simultanément infectées et traitées avec de l’INFγ. De l’ARN a été purifié à partir de ces cellules et après électrophorèse sur gel d’agarose transféré sur un filtre de nylon. Ce filtre a été sondé avec un ADNc radiomarqué codant pour l’IL6 bovine. Des signaux à 1 kb ont été détectés seulement sur les ARN de cellules après le quatrième jour de l’infection, que celles-ci aient été traitées ou non par l’INFγ. Tous les autres échantillons, incluant l’ARN de cellules qui n’ont pas été infectées mais traitées à l’INFγ, se sont révélés négatifs pour l’expression d’IL6. Ainsi, après infection par C. ruminantium, l’expression d’IL6 est induite peu avant que l’effet cytopathogène n’apparaisse. A l’heure actuelle, des surnageants de milieu de culture de ces cellules sont testés pour leur capacité à induire des réponses prolifératives des cellules T.