bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WASTE POLLUTION AND POLLUTION PREVENTION IN TANJUNG PRIOK PORT WITH GREEN PORT PROGRAM
Authors: Amrullah Romanda Annas , Kusumawardhana Y.B , Arsantyo H.I , Gusharianto Gusharianto , Praugusta M.A
Published: December 2024

For environmentally friendly ports in the future, there is a concept called green port where the concept aims to balance economical and ecological port operations. In this study, it aims to determine the impact of pollution and waste generated from the operational activities of Tanjung Priok Port and to find out the efforts carried out by the port to overcome the impact. The research method used by researchers is qualitative by explaining a comprehensive and complex condition that has been observed and understood by directing an in-depth description of the description of a condition which is related to the implementation of the green port concept at Tanjung Priok Port. The data collection technique used is a literature study with a sample of secondary data sources so that the data needed is obtained. Port activities produce pollutants that can harm ecosystems and public health. Therefore, the concept of green port is applied as a solution to prevent pollution with its program called Blue Solution and Port Waste Management System
ACADEMIC INTERACTION BETWEEN LECTURER AND CADETS IN ONLINE MARITIME ENGLISH CLASSROOMS: ITS IMPACT ON THE CADETS’ SPEAKING ABILITY
Authors: Nursyam Nursyam , Mutmainnah Nafsul , Tjahjanto Tjahjanto
Published: December 2024

This study discussed the impact of academic interaction between lecturer and cadets in online classes on Maritime English subject. This research was conducted to determine the influence of academic interaction between lecturer and cadets on the cadets’ confidence to participate to speak in online classes of Maritime English subject. The study was conducted at Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong. Qualitative descriptive methods were used to obtain data and the data sources were 10 respondents. The instruments used in this study were indirect observation through video recordings, and interviews. The impacts of academic interaction on students’ confidence to participate in online EFL classroom in term of pronunciation, vocabulary, accuracy and fluency was in low category where most of the students had pronunciation problems, limited vocabulary, talks break up and stopped due to language limitation that make them combine English with Indonesian language.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXHAUST EMISSIONS DIESEL FUELED SHIPS AND LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG)
Authors: Nari Henny Pasandang
Published: December 2024

LNG can be used as an alternative fuel in the shipping industry and as ship fuel because it can reduce exhaust emissions from CO2 by 30%, NOx by 85%, and SOx by 99.9% or 100%. If using Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO), the exhaust emissions cannot be reduced or equal to 100%. NOx emission restrictions, SOx are regulated in Maritime Pollution (MARPOL) Annex VI, in the future IMO will limit SOx gas emissions in fuel. Ships that will pass through Emissions Control Areas must limit sulfur in their fuel to 0.10%. Thus, LNG as an environmentally friendly fuel can be used in the ECA area.This study aims to calculate the amount of CO2, SOx, and NOx composition that can be reduced by using LNG. The method used is a literature study by recording technical data and ship operational data as primary data and other references from books, papers, journals, internet as secondary data. The ship data contains power, rotation, cylinder diameter, piston stroke, and other data needed to calculate the amount of CO2, SOx, and NOx composition that can be reduced if using LNG.The results showed that exhaust gas emissions CO2, SOx, and NOx that can be reduced by 25.2%, 100% and 79.46%.
On the Treatment of SARS-COV-2 Including Omicron Type
Authors:   Military Medicine Dep., Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA, USA, US Defense Department, 1300 E Ave, Fort Lee, VA 23801, USA, Niknamian Sorush
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to introduce new method of
the treatment/control of Omicron Virus and answer some major
questions regarding the cure of COVID-19 and the new type:
Omicron.
Altered Passive Eruption: The gingivectomy Surgery as a Key to Esthetic Success
Authors:   Doctor in Periodontology, Medical Dentistry Department Faculty of Medicine at Algiers University, Algiers Algeria, Omar Rahim
Published: December 2024

Altered passive eruption is a genetic or a developmental condition that
affects teeth. It is characterized by short clinical crowns with gummy
exposure in smiling consequential to coronal position of the gingival
tissue over enamel.
Predictive Value of Clinical Factors for Delivery At ≥32 Weeks of Gestation after Cervical Cerclage
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China, Ye Xuping Ye Xuping
Published: December 2024

To identify the clinical factors that have predictive value for a
gestational age of ≥32 weeks at delivery after cerclage.
Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Placenta Membranacea: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and child health care hospital affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Anhui maternal and child health care hospital, Hefei, China, Yi Jiao
Published: December 2024

Placenta membranacea is a rare type of placental abnormality, which
can lead to vaginal bleeding, placenta previa, fetal demise and other
complications endangering the lives of mothers and fetus. In the
article, we describe a case of placenta membranacea, the symptoms
and signs of the patient are different from those reported previously,
and the diagnosis of placenta membranacea was confirmed with the
help of ultrasound monitoring. The case report demonstrates that
placenta membranacea may not show typical vaginal bleeding due to
the different placental location, as well as highlights the crucial role
that high resolution ultrasound plays in the diagnosis of placenta
membranacea. For obstetricians, we should be alert to the possibility
of placenta membranacea if the placenta is large and diffusely
thickened.
Assessment of Quality of Antenatal Care at Effutu Municipal Hospital in Central Region of Ghana
Authors:   Department of Health Science Education, Faculty of Science and Technology Education, University of Cape Coast, Ghana, Asiedu Christiana
Published: December 2024

Quality antenatal care (ANC) is an effective, efficient,
accessible, acceptable/patient centered, equitable, and safe form of
maternal health care that is given to a pregnant woman. Quality ANC
is a global health challenge. Many pregnant women in developing
countries, do not have access to quality ANC. The general objective
of the study was to assess the quality of ANC at the Effutu Municipal
Hospital.
Torsion of Ovarian Mass. A Diagnostic Dilemma to Tissue Diagnosis
Authors:   Assistant Professor, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, India, Ahuja Mayuri
Published: December 2024

A holistic and multidisciplinary approach is required for ovarian
cancer diagnosis and management. Ovarian tumor diagnosis is based
on clinical symptomatology followed by radiological confirmation.
Tumor markers are considered just adjunct. Management of ovarian
mass is surgical and intra -op frozen section aids in understanding
the nature of the mass but histopathology is definitive. Ovarian
torsion affects 2.5 to 7.4% of all ovarian tumors [1]. The present case
will highlight the destructive changes brought about by torsion which
could ultimately result in missed tissue diagnosis.
Selective Serotonin Recaptation Inhibitors and COVID-19. Beware of “not see the Forest for the Trees”
Authors:   Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Health Center Santa Maria de Benquerencia. Regional Health Service of Castilla la Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain, Turabian Jose Luis
Published: December 2024

Selective serotonin recaptation inhibitors (SSRIs) have antiviral
activity, especially modulating viral effects through their interaction
with the Sigma-1 receptor, which is why they have been proposed as
potential drugs in the treatment of COVID-19. In addition, they are
drugs widely used at the community level. COVID-19 can present
symptoms of anxiety and depression. Isolation measures for patients
and contacts, as well as lockout measures in communities to limit
the spread of infections, and limitations of social contacts in general,
are sources of anxiety and depression that can present a significant
frequency in the community. In this scenario, it is suggested to take
advantage of the opportunity to carry out retrospective case – control
studies and prospective clinical trials (in the presence of authorized
medical conditions -anxiety and depression) designed to answer
specific questions about biomedical results of repurposing SSRIs in
early stages of COVID -19 in general medicine. But one should not
lose sight of the very important limitations and risks of the use of these
drugs, which limit these studies, such as the difficulties of diagnosis,
the stigma of diagnosis, the uncertainty of their usefulness in mild
situations, the pharmacological risks of treatment -adverse reactions
and pharmacological interactions-, the difficulty of discontinuation,
and the medicalization of society.
GOVERNANÇA DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO PODER JUDICIÁRIO BRASILEIRO:
Authors: Atheniens Alexandre , Marques-Neto Humberto Torres
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo analisa a implementação da inteligência artificial no Poder Judiciário brasileiro, com foco na governança digital e seus impactos processuais. A pesquisa examina os desafios regulatórios e operacionais decorrentes da adoção de sistemas de IA nos tribunais, considerando especialmente os riscos da fragmentação normativa e a necessidade de um marco regulatório unificado. Por meio de uma abordagem analítica e propositiva, o estudo identifica potenciais violações ao devido processo legal e à segurança jurídica resultantes da multiplicidade de normas administrativas emanadas individualmente pelos tribunais. A metodologia empregada combina análise documental e estudo comparativo das  experiências de implementação de IA no Judiciário. Como resultado, propõe-se um novo modelo de governança estruturado em três pilares fundamentais: regulação específica centralizada, comitê nacional de governança e programa de certificação de sistemas. Conclui-se pela urgência na implementação de um framework regulatório robusto que harmonize a inovação tecnológica com as garantias processuais fundamentais.
A INSERÇÃO DA TECNOLOGIA DE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Barbosa Serra Angela Luci , Pelizza Vier Machado Hilka
Published: December 2024

This integrative literature review aims to analyze the current state of research on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector, highlighting the importance of proper governance and ethical considerations for its implementation. A bibliometric approach was adopted, analyzing 251 articles available in the Web of Science. Among these, 41 articles were selected for a more detailed review. After a preliminary bibliometric analysis, the chosen articles were read, followed by coding and categorization of the material. The study emphasizes the need to systematize the progress of AI in the public sector, encompassing its applications and outcomes, while also underscoring the importance of proper governance and ethics for its implementation. Upon reviewing the articles, there was a growing attention to AI governance in public administration, considering the risks and challenges associated with its implementation. The study recognizes the importance of strategies and emerging technologies for public management, highlighting the transformative potential of digital technologies. However, it points to the scarcity of research on AI in the public sector and the emerging need to systematize its advancements and outcomes.
LA POLÍTICA DE SUBVENCIÓN A LA EDUCACIÓN DE GESTIÓN PRIVADA EN LA PROVINCIA DE CATAMARCA
Authors: Melendez Cecilia Evangelina , Tapia María Gabriela
Published: December 2024

This work aims to analyze the educational policy of subsidizing privately managed education in Catamarca, one of the 24 jurisdictions that make up the map of Argentina. Based on the contributions of Oscar Oszlak, we will address the role of the state in this field from the micro, meso and macro levels. In its federal configuration, the country's educational policy proposes general guidelines at the national level that acquire particularities in each jurisdiction; in this case, we designate the jurisdiction as meso level. The provincial state subsidizes the private educational subsystem 100%, this covers the salaries of teachers, teaching assistants, management staff and psycho-pedagogical teams, established legally since 1978, this has favored a gradual growth of enrollment in the private sector, action that is complemented by the policy of free student tickets, delivery of books and more recently with the contribution of the national State to families through educational vouchers. We intend to analyze the role of the national and provincial states in the dichotomy of supply subsidy and demand subsidy. To do this we start from a life story, then we will proceed to the reading and interpretation of legal instruments that allow us to access the normative configuration of public policies: National Education Law 26206; Private Education Law No. 3387 and Resolution 61/24. With this work we aspire to contribute to the field by providing knowledge about the relationships, complementarities and contradictions of Argentine educational policy at the aforementioned levels at a time when the debate around the supply subsidy or the demand subsidy for education is updated private management education.
LA CUESTIÓN SOCIALMENTE PROBLEMATIZADA Y SU UTILIDAD PARA EL ANÁLISIS DE LAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS.
Authors: Torres Miguel Agustin , Ibañez Cecilia Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

Oszlak's investigations about the “socially problematic issue” constitute one of his contributions to the knowledge of public policies in the Latin American sphere. This work aims to characterize the analytical functionality of the theoretical developments around the issue. To do this, the process of institutionalization of the social and soldier economy in Argentine society is examined through some components of the theoretical construction on the issue.
GOBIERNO PERSONALIZADO
Authors: Oszlak Oscar
Published: December 2024

Históricamente, la construcción de los estados nacionales y su gradual desarrollo se ajustó a una lógica reactiva, según la cual, la creación de sus organizaciones, programas y políticas intentaron dar respuesta a las necesidades y demandas de la ciudadanía. Hacia fines del siglo XX, la digitalización gubernamental, posibilitada por novedosas tecnologías de información y comunicación, inauguró una nueva etapa, en la que sucesivas innovaciones abrieron la posibilidad de que, en lugar de reaccionar a la demanda ciudadana de bienes y servicios públicos, los gobiernos puedan actuar proactivamente, anticipando su entrega sin que se requiera acción alguna de los usuarios o beneficiarios. La interoperabilidad entre bases de datos y la aplicación de inteligencia artificial (IA), han sido las herramientas tecnológicas fundamentales que hicieron posible el gobierno proactivo y la personalización de los servicios públicos. Este trabajo analiza la evolución de este proceso de transformación en la gestión estatal, describiendo brevemente sus etapas, alcances y perspectivas. Para ello, pasa revista a las modalidades tradicionales de la relación gobierno-ciudadano, la institución del trámite, la conformación del aparato estatal como conjunto de silos verticales y los problemas de coordinación entre sus unidades, para luego describir cómo las posibilidades de un gobierno proactivo y la personalización de sus servicios tienden a invisibilizar su intervención. El trabajo se apoya en una bibliografía actualizada y ofrece ilustraciones a partir de la experiencia comparada.
Effectiveness of WhatApp Versatility in the Teaching of Mathematics and Science Pedagogical Skills to Large Classes of Undergraduates at the University Level in Kenya
Authors: Solomon Nuni Esokomi
Published: December 2024

Universities in Kenya, like many others in sub-Saharan Africa, face challenges due to the rapid increase in student enrollment, leading to large class sizes due to insufficient funding. Numerous studies highlight the drawbacks of large classes and advocate for smaller class sizes to ensure quality education, particularly in science and mathematics. Therefore, finding effective and innovative methods to address the challenges of teaching large classes critical pedagogical skills of preparing schemes of work, lesson planning and improvisation in science and mathematics, is crucial for achieving quality education for university-level pre-service teachers. WhatsApp is an innovative videoconferencing tool that can facilitate instant sharing, group discussions, images, videos, video recordings, photographs, documents, web links, and lecture notes, all of which are effective for teacher training..This study aimed to explore the possibility of using WhatsApp to teach pedagogical skills to large university classes. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, with qualitative data analyzed through thematic content analysis, and quantitative data examined using frequencies and percentages. Conducted as classroom research, the study data was gathered via Google Forms questionnaires and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), involving 120 third-year students studying pedagogy in STEM subjects. This study contributes by outlining strategies for using WhatsApp to address the challenges universities face in effectively teaching pedagogical skills and enhancing student engagement in large classes. The findings suggest that WhatsApp’s flexibility supports easy information sharing, promotes collaboration, extends learning opportunities, and helps manage large classes more efficiently.
MODELLING BATTERY SWAPPING INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY TO SUPPORT NET ZERO EMISSIONS TRANSITION
Authors: Setiawan Andri D.
Published: December 2024

The Government of Indonesia has set a roadmap towards net zero emissions by 2060, which includes accelerating the adoption of electric motorcycles. The government assigned the State Electricity Company (PLN) to accelerate the adoption by optimizing the potential of conventional motorcycle users and ride hailing. The battery swapping scheme is an attractive choice for companies to increase their profits. However, users still experience uncertainty about battery swapping. It is thus imperative to implement a battery reservation strategy to make it easy for battery swapping users to exchange them. The battery swapping industry is a complex system that involves many interrelated elements. Such a development of strategy would require a holistic view of the process and a definition of the relationships between the elements. This research aimed to develop a conceptual model for a battery swapping industry development strategy with a system dynamic modelling approach and a business model canvas framework. The conceptual model is presented in a system diagram, and a causal loop diagram provides the first information that has an impact on the company’s intervention in the battery swapping industry development strategy. Furthermore, the business model canvas should help to communicate the key aspects easily.
Kartel i jego uczestnik w rozumieniu ustawy o roszczeniach o naprawienie szkody wyrządzonej przez naruszenie prawa konkurencji
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie: Wydział Prawa i Administracji, Katedra Prawa Cywilnego, Majewski Maciej
Published: December 2024

Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na problemie wykładni pojęcia „kartel”, którym posługuje się ustawa z dnia 21 kwietnia 2017 r. o roszczeniach o naprawienie szkody wyrządzonej przez naruszenie prawa konkurencji, implementująca do polskiego porządku prawnego dyrektywę Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2014/104/UE z dnia 26 listopada 2014 r. w sprawie niektórych przepisów regulujących dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji państw członkowskich i Unii Europejskiej, objęte przepisami prawa krajowego. W pierwszej kolejności analizie poddana została sama zasadność wprowadzenia do polskiego języka prawnego pojęcia „kartelu”. Następnie, przedstawione zostały występujące na tle tego terminu wątpliwości interpretacyjne. Podsumowaniem artykułu jest propozycja wykładni uregulowań ustawy odnoszących się do karteli i ich uczestników.
Zasady zaskarżania uchwał zgromadzeń obligatariuszy – zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Stokłosa Angelina
Published: December 2024

W artykule omówiono podstawowe zasady zaskarżania uchwał zgromadzeń obligatariuszy. Problematyce tej nie poświęcono dotychczas wiele uwagi w piśmiennictwie prawniczym, a wszelkie spostrzeżenia z nią związane mają charakter wyłącznie przyczynkarski. Należy przyjąć, że ujęcie przedmiotowej problematyki z zastosowaniem mechanizmu „analogii”, tj. przez odwołanie do regulacji dotyczącej obszernie opisywanego w doktrynie prawa reżimu zaskarżania uchwał zgromadzeń udziałowców spółek kapitałowych, nie wyczerpuje tematu. Co więcej, jak się wydaje, takie podejście obarczone jest błędem metodologicznym. Artykuł podzielono na trzy zasadnicze części. Pierwsza dotyczy zaskarżania uchwał zgromadzeń obligatariuszy rażąco naruszających interesy obligatariuszy lub sprzecznych z dobrymi obyczajami. Dotknięte tego rodzaju wadami uchwały mogą zostać wzruszone w drodze powództwa o ich uchylenie, na podstawie przepisów art. 70 ustawy o obligacjach. Druga zasadnicza część artykułu dotyczy zaskarżania uchwał zgromadzeń obligatariuszy sprzecznych z ustawą, czemu służy powództwo o stwierdzenie nieważności uchwały, wytaczane na podstawie przepisów art. 71 ustawy o obligacjach. Trzecia część artykułu dotyczy obowiązku przekazania przez emitenta obligacji informacji o uchyleniu lub stwierdzeniu nieważności uchwały zgromadzenia obligatariuszy sformułowanego w przepisie art. 72 ustawy o obligacjach.
Moment zawarcia umowy o administrowanie zabezpieczeniami obligacji
Authors: Chabasiewicz Wojciech
Published: December 2024

Skuteczność zabezpieczeń obligacji ma istotne znaczenie w pierwszej kolejności dla obligatariuszy, ale w szerszej perspektywie dla całego rynku dłużnych papierów wartościowych. Zapewnienie sytuacji, w której ustanowione zabezpieczenia dają gwarancje rzeczywistego bezpieczeństwa jest warunkiem wzrostu zaufania do rynku. Sprzyjać temu powinna odpowiednia wykładnia przepisów prawa, zgodna z celami regulacji. Przepisy jedynie szczątkowo regulują kwestie związane z umową o administrowanie zabezpieczeniami. Mimo niewielkiej ilości, przepisy są niespójne, a ich stosowanie rodzi sporo wątpliwości. Jedną z nich jest kwestia momentu, w którym powinna zostać zawarta umowa o administrowanie zabezpieczeniami. Celem opracowania jest wskazanie argumentów przemawiających za tezą, że umowa o administrowanie zabezpieczeniami może zostać zawarta w dowolnym momencie, począwszy od powstania pomysłu na emisje obligacji, aż do momentu wykupienia przez emitenta ostatniej obligacji danej serii.
Continuing education courses as a segment of the model of organizational and methodological support for teaching the Russian language in the Republic of India
Authors: Marinina Yulia Anatol'evna , Latukhina Anna Leonidovna
Published: December 2024

The article presents an analysis of the demand for additional education courses in the Russian language among students and teachers of universities in the Republic of India. The study is based on the experience of working at the Center for Open Education in Russian and Russian Language Teaching of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, opened by the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after K. Minin on the basis of the Chaudhary Charan Singh University in Meerut. Surveys of students and teachers of universities in India showed a high interest in learning the Russian language, the respondents' expectations can be divided into two blocks: acquaintance with the Russian language and culture in a group of students who are just beginning to learn Russian, and the desire to improve their speaking and writing skills in Russian, and improve their teaching methods in a group of master's students, postgraduates, and teachers. The demand for courses in the study of the Russian language and Russian culture, their high rating by students indicates the effectiveness of using this teaching format. In connection with the introduction of the New Education Policy (2020), the status of the Russian language is changing in the Republic of India. The Russian language, along with other foreign languages, is included in the training program for schoolchildren. Consequently, the need for Russian language teachers at various levels of education is growing – both in universities and in schools. Short-term courses of additional education addressed to different categories of students, and advanced training courses for Russian language teachers are capable of filling the educational gaps that arise with the increasing interest in the Russian language and culture among Indian citizens.
Archaeological sites of Megino-Kangalassky ulus (disctrict) of Sakha Republic (Yakutia): map creation using GIS-technologies
Authors: Pestereva Kiunnei Aidaarovna , Prokopeva Aleksandra Nikolaevna , Filippova Viktoriya Viktorovna
Published: December 2024

The relevance and scientific significance of this article is due to the lack of a comprehensive publication on the archaeological study of one of the densely populated areas of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) – Megino-Kangalassky ulus (district). The purpose of the study is to systematize the collected data on archaeological sites found in the territory of the study area. The subject of the study is the spatial representation of archaeological sites of Megino-Kangalassky district. The study area is characterized by a smaller area and high population density relative to other districts of Central Yakutia. Active economic development of the area leads to an increase in the number of risk factors for the preservation of archaeological objects. The study was carried out using GIS-technologies, which allowed to carry out spatial analysis of the identified 87 archaeological sites and identify patterns in their study and distribution. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the creation of a database on archaeological sites of the study area and the development of a series of maps on its basis. It has been established that there are objects covering practically all epochs, starting from the Upper Paleolithic and ending with settlements of the 19th century. Ancient archaeological sites are represented by temporary sites and burials of taiga tribes of hunters and fishermen, the Middle Ages by settlements and burials of early cattle breeders, and later periods by Yakut burials, burial grounds and settlements. The authors propose to use the results of the work to ensure continuous updating of geodatabases and monitoring of archaeological monuments located both on the territory of Megino-Kangalassky district and on the territory of Sakha Republic of (Yakutia).
Infrared-modulated photoluminescence spectroscopy: From wide-band coverage to micro-area and high-throughput scanning imaging
Authors: SHAO Jun , CHEN Xiren , WANG Man , LU Wei ,   National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China,   School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China,   National Key Laboratory of Infrared Detection Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: December 2024

Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy has been widely used in the ultraviolet-near-infrared spectral range for over seventy years since its early reporting in the 1950’s, because it not only reveals the electronic structure information about such as band gap and impurity energy levels of semiconductor materials, but also serves as an efficient tool for analyzing interfacial structures, carrier lifetime, and quantum efficiency. However, in the infrared band beyond about 4 μm, the study of PL spectrum has been limited for decades due to strong thermal background interference, weak PL signals and low detection capability. In this review, a traditional PL method is introduced based on a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and a continuous-scan FTIR spectrometer-based double-modulation PL (csFTIR-DMPL) method is briefly described which was proposed in 1989 for breaking through the dilemma of the infrared band, and developed continuously in the later more than 20 years, with its limitations emphasized. Then, a step-scan FTIR spectrometer-based infrared modulated PL (ssFTIR-MPL) method reported in 2006 is analyzed with highlights on its advantages of anti-interference, sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. The effectiveness demonstration and application progress of this method in many research groups around the world are listed. Further developments in recent years are then summarized of wide-band, high-throughput scanning imaging and spatial micro-resolution infrared modulated PL spectroscopic experimental systems, and the technological progresses are demonstrated of infrared-modulated PL spectroscopy from 0.56–20 μm visible-far-infrared broadband coverage to >1000 high-throughput spectra imaging and ≤2–3 μm spatial micro-resolution. Typical achievements of collaborative research are enumerated in the visible-far-infrared semiconductor materials of dilute nitrogen/dilute bismuth quantum wells, HgCdTe epitaxial films, and InAs/GaSb superlattices. The results presented demonstrate the advancement of infrared modulated PL spectroscopy and the effectiveness of the experimental systems, and foresee further application and development in the future.
Genetic inactivation of zinc transporter SLC39A5 improves liver function and hyperglycemia in obesogenic settings
Authors: Chim Shek Man , Howell Kristen , Dronzek John , Wu Weizhen , Van Hout Cristopher , Ferreira Manuel AR , Ye Bin , Li Alexander , Brydges Susannah , Arunachalam Vinayagam , Marcketta Anthony , Locke Adam E , Bovijn Jonas , Verweij Niek , De Tanima , Lotta Luca , Mitnaul Lyndon , LeBlanc Michelle , Center Regeneron Genetics , Carey David J , Melander Olle , Shuldiner Alan , Karalis Katia , Economides Aris N , Nistala Harikiran ,   DiscovEHR collaboration,   Regeneron Genetics Center
Published: December 2024

Recent studies have revealed a role for zinc in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Randomized placebo-controlled zinc supplementation trials have demonstrated improved glycemic traits in patients with type II diabetes (T2D). Moreover, rare loss-of-function variants in the zinc efflux transporter SLC30A8 reduce T2D risk. Despite this accumulated evidence, a mechanistic understanding of how zinc influences systemic glucose homeostasis and consequently T2D risk remains unclear. To further explore the relationship between zinc and metabolic traits, we searched the exome database of the Regeneron Genetics Center-Geisinger Health System DiscovEHR cohort for genes that regulate zinc levels and associate with changes in metabolic traits. We then explored our main finding using in vitro and in vivo models. We identified rare loss-of-function (LOF) variants (MAF <1%) in Solute Carrier Family 39, Member 5 (SLC39A5) associated with increased circulating zinc (p=4.9 × 10-4). Trans-ancestry meta-analysis across four studies exhibited a nominal association of SLC39A5 LOF variants with decreased T2D risk. To explore the mechanisms underlying these associations, we generated mice lacking Slc39a5. Slc39a5-/- mice display improved liver function and reduced hyperglycemia when challenged with congenital or diet-induced obesity. These improvements result from elevated hepatic zinc levels and concomitant activation of hepatic AMPK and AKT signaling, in part due to zinc-mediated inhibition of hepatic protein phosphatase activity. Furthermore, under conditions of diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), Slc39a5-/- mice display significantly attenuated fibrosis and inflammation. Taken together, these results suggest SLC39A5 as a potential therapeutic target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to metabolic derangements including T2D.
Cell-autonomous timing drives the vertebrate segmentation clock’s wave pattern
Authors: Rohde Laurel A , Bercowsky-Rama Arianne , Valentin Guillaume , Naganathan Sundar Ram , Desai Ravi A , Strnad Petr , Soroldoni Daniele , Oates Andrew C
Published: December 2024

Rhythmic and sequential segmentation of the growing vertebrate body relies on the segmentation clock, a multi-cellular oscillating genetic network. The clock is visible as tissue-level kinematic waves of gene expression that travel through the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) and arrest at the position of each forming segment. Here, we test how this hallmark wave pattern is driven by culturing single maturing PSM cells. We compare their cell-autonomous oscillatory and arrest dynamics to those we observe in the embryo at cellular resolution, finding similarity in the relative slowing of oscillations and arrest in concert with differentiation. This shows that cell-extrinsic signals are not required by the cells to instruct the developmental program underlying the wave pattern. We show that a cell-autonomous timing activity initiates during cell exit from the tailbud, then runs down in the anterior-ward cell flow in the PSM, thereby using elapsed time to provide positional information to the clock. Exogenous FGF lengthens the duration of the cell-intrinsic timer, indicating extrinsic factors in the embryo may regulate the segmentation clock via the timer. In sum, our work suggests that a noisy cell-autonomous, intrinsic timer drives the slowing and arrest of oscillations underlying the wave pattern, while extrinsic factors in the embryo tune this timer’s duration and precision. This is a new insight into the balance of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms driving tissue patterning in development.
SA-FLIDS: secure and authenticated federated learning-based intelligent network intrusion detection system for smart healthcare
Authors: Bensaid Radjaa , Labraoui Nabila , Abba Ari Ado Adamou , Saidi Hafida , Mboussam Emati Joel Herve , Maglaras Leandros
Published: December 2024

Smart healthcare systems are gaining increased practicality and utility, driven by continuous advancements in artificial intelligence technologies, cloud and fog computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, despite these transformative developments, challenges persist within IoT devices, encompassing computational constraints, storage limitations, and attack vulnerability. These attacks target sensitive health information, compromise data integrity, and pose obstacles to the overall resilience of the healthcare sector. To address these vulnerabilities, Network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) are crucial in fortifying smart healthcare networks and ensuring secure use of IoMT-based applications by mitigating security risks. Thus, this article proposes a novel Secure and Authenticated Federated Learning-based NIDS framework using Blockchain (SA-FLIDS) for fog-IoMT-enabled smart healthcare systems. Our research aims to improve data privacy and reduce communication costs. Furthermore, we also address weaknesses in decentralized learning systems, like Sybil and Model Poisoning attacks. We leverage the blockchain-based Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) model to handle client authentication and secure communication. Additionally, we use the Trimmed Mean method to aggregate data. This helps reduce the effect of unusual or malicious inputs when creating the overall model. Our approach is evaluated on real IoT traffic datasets such as CICIoT2023 and EdgeIIoTset. It demonstrates exceptional robustness against adversarial attacks. These findings underscore the potential of our technique to improve the security of IoMT-based healthcare applications.
Temporal disruption in tuberculosis incidence patterns during COVID-19: a time series analysis in China
Authors: Zhang Jiarui , Sun Zhong , Deng Qi , Yu Yidan , Dian Xingyue , Luo Juan , Karuppiah Thilakavathy , Joseph Narcisse , He Guozhong
Published: December 2024

Background

Despite extensive knowledge of tuberculosis (TB) and its control, there remains a significant gap in understanding the comprehensive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB incidence patterns. This study aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis in China and examine the application of time series models in the analysis of these patterns, providing valuable insights for TB prevention and control.

Methods

We used pre-COVID-19 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) data (2007–2018) to fit SARIMA, Prophet, and LSTM models, assessing their ability to predict PTB incidence trends. These models were then applied to compare the predicted PTB incidence patterns with actual reported cases during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023), using deviations between predicted and actual values to reflect the impact of COVID-19 countermeasures on PTB incidence.

Results

Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, PTB incidence in China exhibited a steady decline with strong seasonal fluctuations, characterized by two annual peaks—one in March and another in December. These seasonal trends persisted until 2019. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PTB cases, with actual reported cases falling below the predicted values. The disruption in PTB incidence appears to be temporary, as 2023 data indicate a gradual return to pre-pandemic trends, though the incidence rate remains slightly lower than pre-COVID levels. Additionally, we compared the fitting and forecasting performance of the SARIMA, Prophet, and LSTM models using RMSE (root mean squared error), MAE (mean absolute error), and MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) indexes prior to the COVID-19 outbreak. We found that the Prophet model had the lowest values for all three indexes, demonstrating the best fitting and prediction performance.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a temporary but significant impact on PTB incidence in China, leading to a reduction in reported cases during the pandemic. However, as pandemic control measures relax and the healthcare system stabilizes, PTB incidence patterns are expected to return to pre-COVID-19 levels. The Prophet model demonstrated the best predictive performance and proves to be a valuable tool for analyzing PTB trends and guiding public health planning in the post-pandemic era.
Efficacy of different dietary therapy strategies in active pediatric Crohn’s disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Jiaze , Chong Jinchen , Qiu Zhengxi , Wang Yuji , Chen Tuo , Chen Yugen
Published: December 2024

Background

Dietary therapy strategies play an important role in the treatment of pediatric patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), but the relative efficacy of different dietary therapy strategies for Crohn’s remission is unknown. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of these dietary therapy strategies for active pediatric CD.

Methods

We searched the medical literature up to August 30, 2024 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of dietary therapy strategies for pediatric CD. The primary outcomes were clinical remission rate and tolerance, secondary outcomes included differences between pre- and post-treatment levels of albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fecal calprotectin levels. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed by using the frequentist model. For binary outcome variables and continuous outcome variables, odds ratios (OR) and mean differences (MD) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were utilized, respectively. The ranking of dietary therapy strategies was determined based on the surface under the cumulative ranking area (SUCRA) for each comparison analyzed.

Results

Overall, 14 studies involving 564 participants were included. In terms of clinical remission rate, the partial enteral nutrition (PEN) plus Crohn’s disease exclusion diet (PEN+CDED) (OR = 7.86, 95% CI [1.85–33.40]) and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) (OR = 3.74, 95% CI [1.30–10.76]) exhibited significant superiority over PEN alone. The tolerance of PEN+CDED was significantly higher than that of EEN (OR = 0.07, 95% CI [0.01–0.61]). According to the surface under the cumulative ranking area (SUCRA) values, the PEN+CDED intervention (90.5%) achieved the highest ranking in clinical remission rate. In terms of tolerance, PEN+CDED ranked first (88.0%), while EEN ranked last (16.3%).

Conclusions

In conclusion, PEN+CDED was associated with the highest clinical remission rate and tolerance among the various dietary therapy strategies evaluated. Despite limitations in the studies, this systematic review provides evidence that PEN+CDED can be used as an alternative treatment to exclusive enteral nutrition and is more suitable for long-term management in children.
Discursos, imaginários e feminismos: a representação da secretária executiva em memes
Authors: Martins Louis Guillaume Théodore Bueno Santos , Felix Edson Ferreira da Silva , Souza Paula Andréia Alves da Costa
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar, por meio das relações estabelecidas entre imaginários sociodiscursivos, movimentos feministas e linguagem, a construção da representação da secretária executiva veiculada no gênero textual meme. A metodologia de pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo e baseada nos pressupostos da Análise de Discurso desenvolvida por Patrick Charaudeau (2017), nos permitiu compreender como os memes perpetuam e desconstroem estereótipos relacionados à profissão de secretária e os contextos que são evocados. Concluímos que os memes, além de atuarem como um espaço de perpetuação desses estereótipos, também funcionam como um meio de circulação de crítica e contestação, sobretudo no que diz respeito às relações entre gênero e trabalho.
Effectiveness of Aloe Vera Gel Coating and Optimized Packaging Materials on Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life of Banana (Musa acuminata)
Authors: Rifat Tahmid Al , Boni SK Fahim Tahmid , Hossain Md. Sajjad , Rahman S M Sohanur , Rayhan S. M. Johir , Mahmud Md. Zahir
Published: December 2024

To reduce post-harvest losses and extend shelf life, banana (Musa acuminata cv. 'Cavendish') were treated with Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) coating and stored under ambient conditions (30 ± 2°C, 70 ± 5% relative humidity) for 9 days. This study compared uncoated control with AVG-coated banana stored in three conditions: unpackaged, packaged in kraft paper bags (25 x 40 cm), and packaged in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bags (25 x 40 cm) with 1% perforation area (0.5 cm diameter holes). The coating’s effects on key quality parameters, including weight loss (%), change of color, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), shrinkage, and disease severity was assessed. The results demonstrated that AVG-coated banana, particularly when paired with perforated LDPE packaging, significantly reduced weight loss (14% vs. 31% in control), maintained better TSS (23.5% vs. 28% in control) and TA changes, and markedly extended shelf life (10 days vs. 6 days in control) compared to uncoated control. Microbial analysis showed that AVG-coated fruits in LDPE packaging had significantly lower fungal growth compared to uncoated control at 9 days after storage. These findings demonstrate that AVG coating offers a sustainable alternative to synthetic polymers for food preservation. The study concludes that AVG coatings, paired with suitable packaging, can effectively extend shelf life and maintain the quality of perishable produce such as banana.
Analysis of the Cost of Cultivation and Returns for Cluster Bean in the Gird Region of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Rundla Surendra , Shrivastava S.C. , Lamba Hemant Kumar , Singh Sudhir , Nitharwal Kavita , Yadav Deepak
Published: December 2024

Cluster bean or guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) (2n=14) is an annual legume plant widely grown for its gum, vegetable, fodder and green manure values. India produces around 80% of the world's cluster beans. It is the most important crop of drought region, because it has a deep root system and excellent in surviving water stress condition. This research paper was carried out to identify the cost of cultivation and returns of grid region of Madhya Pradesh of cluster bean for the year 2019-20. Multi-stage sampling was used for the selection of the farmers for the present research. Morena district of Madhya Pradesh was selected purposively as its first rank in the area and production of cluster bean in the state. Total 90 farmers were selected and the nearest organized grain mandi of Sabalgarh was selected purposively for this research. Both the primary and secondary data were collected. The results showed that at overall farm level per hectare cost of cultivation of Cluster bean in Morena district was noted ₹ 26772.60, Cost A1 at overall farm level was seen ₹ 16753.22/ha,  has been that overall cost of production at cost A1/ A2 was observed ₹ 1355.50/qt average yield of guar were achieved 12.38 qt/ha Net return at aggregate level under cost A1 A2, B1 ,B2, C1, C2 and C3 were reported ₹ 39882.77/ha, ₹ 39882.77/ha, ₹ 39276.03/ha, ₹ 29863.36/ha, ₹ 37079.88/ha, ₹ 27667.21/ha and ₹ 27377.52 /ha, the B;C ratio over cost A1 Rs3.37, A2 Rs3.37, B1 3.25, B2 2.10, C1 2.88, C2 1.94, and C31.92 was observed. B; C ratio overall farm level was seen 1.92 referred crop is under profitable situation.
Does low lead exposure affect blood pressure and hypertension?
Authors: Kim Min Gi , Kim Young Wook , Ahn Yeon-Soon
Published: December 2019

Objectives

Historically, little was known about the effects of low blood lead level (BLL < 10 μg/dL) on hypertension (HTN). The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of low BLL on blood pressure (BP) and HTN in lead-exposed male workers in the Republic of Korea.

Methods

From the year 2000 to 2004, 12,060 male workers underwent an Annual Specialised Medical Check-up for lead; 7,341 subjects had a peak BLL < 10 μg/dL and were selected for the study. The quartiles of peak BLL in lead-exposed workers were as follows: first (0.01-3.68 μg/dL), second (3.69-5.19 μg/dL), third (5.20-6.86 μg/dL), and fourth (6.87-10.00 μg/dL). To examine the relationship between BLL and pre-HTN (systolic BP [SBP] ≥120-140 mmHg; diastolic BP [DBP] ≥80-90 mmHg) and between BLL and HTN (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg; DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), the quartiles of BLL were used as independent variables in multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

In multiple linear regression analyses, SBP (β 0.04, P < .01) and DBP (β 0.06, P < .01) increased in line with a 1 μg/dL increase in BLL. The odds ratio (OR) of HTN in the fourth versus first BLL quartile (1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26, 1.89) was statistically significant.

Conclusion

SBP and DBP were statistically significantly associated with peak BLL. A BLL ≥ 6.87 μg/dL was associated with HTN; thus, even in workers with low BLLs (<10 μg/dL), management of BP is likely to be necessary. Modulation of the current safety standards for BLLs in workers will be needed.