bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The need for a social pact to facilitate urban mobility planning
Authors: Bastos Vinicius Henter Carneiro , Ribeiro Renato Guimarães , Orrico Filho Romulo Dante
Published: August 2021

In this article we have sought to identify strategies to facilitate urban mobility planning in Brazilian cities. These plans follow bold guidelines, such as giving priority to active and collective public transport modes. The challenge, therefore, is to overcome the resistance of social agents who are unwilling to make sacrifices for the benefit of the community. Among the methodological procedures, the authors analyze the main challenges facing urban mobility in Brazil, introduce Mancur Olson's ideas on the logic behind collective action to transport engineering and evaluate two proposals for an urban mobility pact: that of the then President Dilma Rousseff and that of the Ipea. The result of this analysis points to the need for an urban mobility pact following “win-win” reasoning. A pact that involves not only the public authorities, but also various private social agents, and according to “win-win” reasoning: they win if they participate and the community wins with their participation.
Impact of Oil Installations on The Rural Development and Environment
Authors: Aziz Rostam S. , Othman Bahra R. , Muhammed Ganjo Kh. , Khodakarami Loghman
Published: August 2021

There is no doubt that oil is considered a strategic commodity for producing and exporting. It is been experienced that oil is an important means to achieve economic growth. The oil industries encounter conflicts such as widespread environmental issues, human displacement, and inadequate compensation for losses imposed in the oil-producing communities, and inadequate community level involvement. These are leading to alienation between states and the indigenous population. The aim of the current research is to investigate the impacts of oil field development for rural areas, having Taq-Taq Oil Field in Kurdistan Region Iraq (KRG) as a case study. The research project was conducted in the form of a survey study. The population of the study included the rural residents in six villages around the field. The necessary data for this research was collected squarely 48 samples. Rural residents in the study area were taken using a random sampling method. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach alpha coefficient for different sections. After conducting a pilot study for each structure respectively calculated: economic infrastructural, social, cultural, and environmental factors. The results of factor analysis showed that the negative and positive impacts of oil industry development occurred in the rural area. In this case study, a variance of %64 explained for entire factors included: infrastructural, social, cultural, economic, and environmental.
Comparative Approach to Class Changing Derivational Affixes in English and Kurdish
Authors: Abdulla Saza F. , Qadir Mohsin H. S.
Published: August 2021

This paper is an analytical comparative morphological study of class changing of some of derivational affixes in Standard English and Central Kurdish from the standpoints of Generative Morphology. For the analysis, this work relies heavily on the identification of various class changing affixes between the two languages under study. The main goal is to identify the points of similarity and difference of class changing affixes that change the grammatical categories and the lexical meaning of the existing lexemes. The findings show that English and Kurdish are similar in the formation of nominal and adjectival affixes where certain lexemes can change the lexical categories and the meaning of the newly derived words. In English, in the formation of verbal affixes, a ‘noun’ and an ‘adjective’ can be converted into a ‘verb’ by adding certain prefixes and suffixes. While in Kurdish, no new lexemes can be formed from the root of the verb since the internal structure of the verbs in Kurdish works differently compared to English. In Kurdish, the suffix -a is attached to some cardinal numerals to derive a new noun, whereas in English, no newly derived nouns can be formed by numerals. English and Kurdish are different in the formation of new adverbial affixes. In English, certain adjectives and nouns can derive certain types of adverbs while in Kurdish these lexical categories are unable to derive adverbs by attaching certain derivational affixes.
Kurdish Adaptation of Arabic Loan Consonants
Authors: Hamid Twana S.
Published: August 2021

This paper addresses the status of the Arabic loan consonants in Central Kurdish (CK). Based on the Arabic loanwords, it assesses different scenarios on how the foreign consonants are adapted. The paper finds out that Arabic loan consonants in CK can be classified into three groups: Consonants that are part of the phonemic inventory of both languages; consonants that are borrowed faithfully, i.e. without adaptation and finally consonants that are not allowed in the phonemic inventory of CK, i.e. require feature adaptation. The paper also makes contribution to the theories of loan adaptation. It shows that neither Phonological Stance Model nor Phonetic Stance Model can account for the way Arabic consonants are (un)adapted in CK. The faithful borrowing of guttural consonants and the adaptation of dental fricatives and emphatics to match the phonemic inventory of CK shows that there are active marking statements that (dis)allow a combination of features that form a segment. Some other factors also play roles in the faithful borrowing of the loan consonants such as frequency of the loanwords with loan phonemes, orthographic input and the sensitivity of the faithful pronunciation of the loanwords such as the loanwords that are proper names. Common proper names with guttural phonemes are borrowed faithfully.
Resistance and Identity in The God of Small Things Written by Arundhati Roy
Authors: Dizayi Saman A.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an analysis of the novel "The God of the Small Things" written by Arundhati Roy. The primary purpose of this paper is to evaluate the idea of resistance and identity that have been described in the novel by the novelist. It will be demonstrated in this novel that how the resistance against the traditions and norms of post-colonial era is related to the self-realisation. There are different kinds of resistance that have been depicted in the novel at various circumstances. In Postcolonial context identity is a complex concept to be located in just a simple definition or to be investigated throughout a single theoretical approach.  Resistance as a concept linked to the identity question. The Novel handles this notion and throughout its plot, besides the burden that is left from the colonial legacy, gender identity comes to the surface. Though women resistance appears as a reaction with identity suppression; yet it is a reflection of self-identification of gender inequality under patriarchal traditions inherited from long dominant masculine power. This paper elaborates on each type of resistance and activism that arises against the feudal and patriarchal forces structured by the economic and politically influential people in the new community as a sample in India after postcolonialism. Consequently, one of the points that the research ends with is that the act of resistance validates the pursuit for self-identity, which is an attempt to renown, reclaim and rename the world.
Reading Posthuman Ethics in Daniel Wilson’s Amped
Authors: Abdullah Omar M. , Kaur Hardev
Published: August 2021

In 20th century and beyond, humans have witnessed numerous advances in technology which have opened new horizons. Science and technology redesigned human life exponentially and humans always search for a more technological world and hence more comfort and ease. As such, going past human confinement could be accessible through a few changes in human form, but these changes posture a contentious point since people grow into being more reliant on technology in order to execute their desires and needs. What will happen to humanness and humanity? What will happen to their moralities and behaviors? In this manner, technological development could have both promising and discouraging pictures within the human mind. The current study cites Daniel H. Wilson’s Amped (2013) to discuss the clash of views between Transhumanists and Bioconservatives. Transhumanists believe that human improvement advances should be made broadly accessible, where people could adopt these innovations and apply them to themselves to have a better life. In particular, bioconservatives consider human enhancement technologies as ‘dehumanizing’ for these technologies might weaken human dignity and affect something that is profoundly valuable about being human. As such, Posthuman theory is consulted in order to analyze the ethical and moral concerns of human enhancement technology in Wilson’s Amped.  The findings are summed in the importance of ethics in any kind of enhancement and conclude that the trustworthy source is a priority to ensure success.
Using Team-Based Learning in Teaching English to EFL Undergraduate Students
Authors: Kareem Najat O.
Published: August 2021

Team Based Learning (TBL) is a method that has been introduced to provide students with both conceptual and procedural knowledge to foster critical and creative thinking skills while students work in high functioning teams. The study throws some light on the TBL approach in general and the researcher's pilot- experiment on using the TBL in teaching English to EFL (English as a Foreign Language) undergraduate students. The main aim of this pilot experiment is to assess the TBL's effects on student engagement, accountability, and satisfaction and to identify the problems faced in applying it and then, in the light of the findings, to propose suggestions about how to use the approach effectively.  Forty (40) second-year undergraduate students of the Department of English/ Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Koya University were involved in this experiment and its evaluation. These students were taught through student learning teams for two successive academic years (2017-2018 & 2018-2019) in the subject of English Reading Comprehension. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from the students about their TBL experience using questionnaires. The results of the evaluation revealed that the vast majority of the students preferred TBL to the traditional individual learning and that the TBL has more positive effects on the students' engagement in class activities and assignments. The findings also indicate that despite the positive effects and the students' satisfaction with the approach, there are problems and obstacles on the way of its application in the classroom, but that with the proper use of the approach most of these problems can be overcome. What is important about this evaluation is that it is student-centered as it shows the real opinions of the students who lived the experience.
Methods to Decrease Carbon Emission at the University of Szeged
Authors: Gyarmati László
Published: August 2021

The implementation of innovations and technologies to decrease carbon emission is one of the main priorities that the University of Szeged is striving to achieve. Although, effective investments cannot be carried out without proper measurement systems in energy management and carbon emission monitoring. Understanding the importance of proper measurement, the University of Szeged has decided to calculate the whole carbon footprint of one of its main buildings, namely, the Study and Information Centre with the help of KÖVET association. The carbon evaluation uses data of 2019 and contains the direct and indirect carbon emission of building management, and of its employees’ and visitors’. This calculation will be the basis of further carbon reduction investments, protocols and events held for shaping the visitors’ and employees’ consciousness. In parallel with the evaluation, the University of Szeged has made some huge steps to decrease carbon emission factors. For instance, a newly installed visitor monitoring system regulates the electricity usage of ventilation in the most used areas of the Study and Information Centre based on the actual number of visitors present in the building. Furthermore, from April 2020, five electric cars substitute the most driven cars of the University in urban areas, rapidly decreasing the direct carbon emission in the city.
Between Past and Future: The Mission of University of L’Aquila and Its Action on Energy and Climate Change
Authors: Curci Gabriele , De Monte Filippo , Nardecchia Annamaria , Tozzi Anna
Published: August 2021

For the University of L’Aquila, sustainability and civic engagement are key commitments. Actions to enhance and safeguard the territory and to improve the community wellbeing are even more meaningful in a city that, after the earthquake of 2009, is re-thinking its social and economic backbone. The aim to provide buildings with a high level of seismic security, of energy efficiency and resources saving, has been particularly challenging, but that also offered an opportunity. The participation to the UI Green Metric WUR has been a natural consequence of this process of renovation. Moreover, throughout the data collection and analysis, UI GM rankings stimulates the cross disciplinary cooperation in research, innovation, social and civic engagement.Concerning “Energy and Climate Change” the University could take the opportunity to exploit the competencies of research teams worldwide known working in renewable energies production (solar, wind, hydropower), building efficiency and retrofitting, environmental impacts. The University is member of the Italian University Network for Sustainable Development, which offered guidelines to implement energy and climate change related politics. The improvements of building focused on: smart illumination appliances (61% of the area), smart automation of heating/cooling (90% of the area), renewable energy production (PV and solar thermal), and integration of climate action into the strategic plan.
Sustainable Development at University of Pécs
Authors: K Orbán , T Kulcsár , B Radvánszky
Published: August 2021

Since 2016, the University of Pécs (UP) has participated in the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking. Thanks to its conscious, disciplined environmental ambitions and related achievements, UP has been able to move forward year after year in the ever-expanding rankings and in 2019 it has been ranked among the top 100 greenest universities in the world. UP believes that sustainability must be achieved not only in its operations and university-related services but also in the internal and external natural, social and economic environment associated with the university. UP presents its sustainable development efforts along the lines of achievements in the natural, social and economic environment and explores its future visions. UP stated its mission, that every useful practice, innovation, management in the environment tend to help sustainability and sustainable administration has to be encouraged, with the aid of education and science aiming to strengthen ecological consciousness. It was realized in the spirit of this mission, the development of the 24,8 billion HUF Modern Cities Programme for the built infrastructure of UP, the award of the title "Responsible Employer of the Year" in 2019, the award of the "Energy Efficient Institution" award as the first Hungarian university and the award of the Baranya County Environmental Prize was achieved. In the social and economic environment, as an Energy Efficiency Mentor organization, UP established the Baranya Virtual Power Plant Program in 2019, which, together with social and economic actors, saved 3.5 MW of energy in the South Transdanubian region of Hungary within 1 year. With the support of the Visegrad Fund, UP is trying to build a network of universities between the Visegrad countries and the universities of the Danube Region, where the fight against climate change will become even more effective by means of shaping attitudes. The University of Pécs intends to increase its environmental ambitions in the future
University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore, Pakistan‘s Responsibility for SDG‘s and World Complex Challenges Pertaining to its Innovation for Energy and Climate Change Management
Authors: Joiya Javaria Qais , Aslam Qais
Published: August 2021

One of the important essentials of modern living is energy without which modern world cannot survive and therefore depends deeply on energy usages and energy abusage. What is important to be seen is that more than 7.8 billion people on this planet are burning fossil fuels for their daily needs. Therefore, the challenge for the 21st century is how to conserve this ‘good’ energy and how to reduce its transformation into ‘bad’ energy and at the same time enjoy a sustainable lifestyle through modern inventions of science and technology. The problems facing University of Central Punjab, Lahore (UCP) is on the one hand how to minimise the usage of energy resources and secondly, how to move away from using fosil feuls and toward usage of eco-friendly energy sources for achieving sustainability and abiding by the Goal 7 of the SDG (Affordable and Clean Energy). Keeping sustainable development and energy conservation issues in mind, UCP has already in collaboration with M/S Premier Energy embarked upon the renewable solar energy solutions and 1/4th of the total energy consumption of UCP is being produced through state-of-the-art grid-tired solar system. UCP also promotes the sagacious use of water. In UCP, processor treat sewage water. In addition, UCP promotes the use of filtered drinking Processor treat sewage water. Promote the use of filtered water instead of bottled water.
Best Practices of Solid Waste Management at Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Jamshaid
Published: August 2021

Recently we conducted a study to evaluate the existing solid waste management practices at Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi which shows that the institute possesses best management practices related to solid waste collection, transport, segregation, recycling/reuse, and final disposal. Adequate number of color-coded bins have been laid at appropriate locations throughout the university campus. Institute has enough staff for waste management including waste collection, transportation, and disposal. Results of our study indicate that about 2,033 kg of solid waste/month (24.5 tons/annum) is generated from the IoBM campus. Out of the total, about 67.8 % is the recyclable and reusable plastic, paper, and metal waste while, the remaining (about 32%) is mostly organic waste generated from various facilities of the university. Economic analysis indicates that about 252,012 Pak rupees annually are earned from selling the recyclable and reusable inorganic solid waste. Study also indicate that about 500 kg of good quality compost per month can be prepared from the organic waste including food and yard waste that can be used for existing horticultural activities at the university. Moving towards a sustainable integrated solid waste management system necessitates improved system of waste collection, segregation, reselling, and composting
DLSU-D Green Innovations on Waste Management: Adoption of Greener Lifestyles in New Normal
Authors: J. Dinglasan Joseph , P. Luyon Jocelyn , E. Abiog II Deodoro
Published: August 2021

De La Salle University-Dasmariῆas (DLSU-D) is one with the call to collective action in responding to global ecological crisis as it adapts to the new normal of creating a safe, sustainable, and healthy university where the experience of God is lived and shared. As the world is currently battling new challenges affecting the environment in the face of COVID-19 crisis, DLSU-D reiterates its stand to lead in sustainable practices that foster caring for our common environmental home. Under the Black Out! Green In! flagship program, which is the University’s green response to combat climate change, its Ecological Solid Waste Management Program (ESWMP) ventures into simple, low-cost, and low technology initiatives. Internal collaboration among faculty, students, and service providers as well as external partnerships with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and local government units (LGUs) having similar environmental advocacies and lifestyle changing significantly contribute to the innovations and sustainability of the campus waste management program
The Management of the Water as an Effort to Realize a Green Campus in Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Authors: Wiwoho Jamal , Suryanto Suryanto , Murtanti Murtanti , Nugraha Setya
Published: August 2021

The main campus of UNS Surakarta, occupies an area of ± 59,211 Ha. At present, the problem faced by UNS is the increasing of narrow green space, so that it increases rain water and lead to runoff. This process has an impact on the increase in flood discharge and the reduction in the supply of rainwater which becomes ground water reserves. In order to realize a Green Campus that supports sustainable development, efforts have been made relating to groundwater and surface water management. A total of 117 infiltration wells and more than 500 biopori infiltration units have been built, which serve to increase shallow groundwater reserves so that it increases rainwater harvesting and soil moisture. Rainwater that cannot be accommodated in infiltration wells is channeled to the lake named Danau UNS which has an area of 1,206 Ha with a maximum water volume of ± 7,959 m3 , so that it is expected to be able to maintain the shallow ground water balance at the Kentingan UNS Campus. In the future planning, Universitas Sebelas Maret will improve domestic wastewater treatment for other uses, so that there is an efficient use of sustainable clean water
A Best Practice of Water Management at Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Thailand
Authors: Charmondusit Kitikorn , Pungpermtrakul Sasivimon , Mahisavariya Banchong
Published: August 2021

Mahidol University is one of the most environmentally friendly university in Thailand. The eco-university policy for sustainable development on campus and in the surrounding community has been implemented in order to balance of economic, social and environmental dimensions which will lead to efficient use of resources, social equality and improved quality of life of staff, students and the surrounding community. Water management of MU, Salaya campus is one of the successful case studies. Approximately 60% of the 1,867,792 square meters of campus was allocated for the green and water reservation areas including horizontal garden, vertical garden, botanic garden, original wetland, ditch and pond. The RINGLOOP project was installed in order to improve the performance of water distribution. The central wastewater treatment plant with activated sludge system has been constructed. The water conservation program with 100% of treated wastewater recyclable is implemented
Plan for The Efficient Use and Saving of Water at The Universidad del Norte
Authors: Meise Adolfo , Diazgranados Alma Lucia , González Oscar Álvarez , Rincón Daniel , Reino Jeniffer  Ariza , Loaiza Cristian
Published: August 2021

Portable water is an essential resource for living, currently there is enough water in the world for this, but its distribution is not adequate in different places or at different seasons of the year. Climatic variations affect the water supply capacity generate economic, social and environmental problems. The commitment of Universidad Del Norte with the environment and its transversally in its missionary functions of teaching, research, and extension crystallize in academic and administrative strategies, complying not only with environmental legislation, but also management with criteria of resource efficiency (Water, energy, air, waste, fauna and flora) promoting environmental education, conservation, respect for nature and long-term sustainability. The foregoing derives from the responsibility that Universidad Del Norte has had with the community in creating a PUEAA - Plan for the efficient use and saving of water, which describes the strategies aimed at the conservation and use of water resources. The following article describes the strategies that the Universidad Del Norte carries out to have a continuous supply of water, guarantee the quality of drinking water for its consumption processes, treat all wastewater resulting from its processes, and finally reuse all water that is finally use in campus gardens.
Building a Sustainable University Campus in Turkey: The Case of Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University
Authors: Bulut Mehmet
Published: August 2021

As defined by Brundtland (1987), sustainable development is that which seeks to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This requires however, a holistic approach to defining appropriate philosophies and more ethical yet creative solutions vis-a-vis climate change, poverty elimination, countering inequality, preserving earth and striving for prosperity. Educational institutions, and especially those of higher learning, have a major role to play in this domain. This paper sheds light on the share of responsibility taken at Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University (IZU) towards sustainable development goals and world’s complex challenges, and most importantly, its best practices in the management of UI GreenMetric indicators. This study explores some of IZU's current approaches and strategies adopted in the context of Turkish Waqf based higher learning institutions, and particularly, the ways and means according to which IZU continues to manage core domains of sustainable development and green initiatives whether related to setting and infrastructure, energy and climate change, waste, water, transportation or education, in addition to its various contributions to make to education and training, research and application, disseminating of ethics of green, and strengthening of its broad yet inclusive community engagement and global partnership support and development. This research shows that IZU's investment in sustainability interestingly represents one of its foundational core ethical values disseminated, and that its broad-spectrum practices, strategies, policies and systems of operation and management are underpinned in its very cultural and historical fabric of planetary preservation and stewardship
Interacting The Urban Masterplan of Unicamp with the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: S. Dalbelo Thalita
Published: August 2021

Universities are the training centers for future decision-makers in the social, political and economic sectors. Considering the university campus as an urban locus or even a microcosm of society, the change that begins in the urban planning of a university is an opportunity for example and replication in the city. This paper presents the development of the Unicamp Urban Masterplan, a strategic project of the university that involves the participation of all-around social actors: professors, students, researches, staff and local community and brings the actual panorama, the future scenarios and the guidelines to achieve them. It is organized through six planning areas: 1. Urban usage and heritage; 2. Environment; 3. Urban infrastructure; 4. Mobility and accessibility; 5. Social interaction; and 6. University and society. Projects resulting from these guidelines should be developed through living laboratories. Campus territories and their evolution are monitored through performance indicators aligned with the UI GreenMetric sustainable university ranking process indicators. This paper explains the methodology in which the urban projects be implemented through living laboratories to put into practice the SDGs, as necessary action for the transition to sustainability in the campuses. The use of the university campuses as a living laboratory results in the transformation of the Unicamp space and impel the replication to transform the local community to sustainability and to disseminate solutions to the cities and other universities
Current Scenario of Environmental Pollution & Its Solution by Plantation In Changing Climate
Authors: Kabir Muhammad , Habiba Um e , Rehman Farooqi Zia-Ur
Published: August 2021

Life’s quality is depending on quality of environment. As environment creates favorable surroundings for survival, growth and development of existing organisms. All living organisms are affected indirectly or directly due to environmental pollution. It is due to rapid increases in human being. Environmental pollution especially by anthropogenic activities is a main problem facing the world today and there is a need for increasing attentiveness that a clean and green environment is essential for better growth of living organisms in this changing climate of World. It is our top most priority to keep our country clean and green as cleanness is a part of our faith. Thus environmental pollution is causing great threat to plants, animals and to human all over the world. As each and every problem has a solution, because problem is always artificial, man desires to find the solution. In recent innovations there is a need to develop clean and green spaces within and around the polluted areas for existence of better environment. As some plants can act as pollution sink working as natural lungs. So,“the green revolution (Plantation) is the best solution to arrest the pollution”. If haphazard population growth goes on increasing without realizing the importance of trees especially those which act as pollution sink then there would be more critical changes for living organisms in near coming future
Eco-Spiritualism on Social Empowerment: Indigenous Approach toward Environment Sustainability
Authors: Taufiq Imam , Choirun Nisa Lulu , Khoiruddin Zuhri Mishbah , Megah Safitri Ririh , Sessiani Lucky  Ade , Makmun Muhammad
Published: August 2021

The world is changing, the environmental crisis is happening, the life of any living being is on the line. Nature is facing challenges and degradations that will extended to effect on human welfare and all other life on earth. As in the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals agenda, world leaders command every organization to play a role in protecting the planet from degradation, undertake urgent actions to perform sustainable resource management. UIN Walisongo Semarang is answering the call and respond to this global issues by declaring a vision statement to be a “Green Campus”. It is not merely a statement, but a commitment to take responsibility in protecting and conserving the nature, applied in all activities under the Three Pillars of Higher Education (Education, Research, and Community Services). This paper aimed to elaborate the distinct concept and approach of community service activities implemented in UIN Walisongo Semarang. Eco-Spiritualism Social Empowerment program designed based on fundamental spiritual and religious values about how human connect with nature, and so this connection create a reciprocal-inseparable relationship. How human affects nature, and otherwise, will create a belief and values directing human’s behavior toward nature. Therefore, a spiritual approach considered to be an effective way to empower people in order to create an eco-friendly society. Eco-Spiritualism Social Empowerment program implemented in both rural and urban area, are showing great results on recycle and waste management, plastic waste utilization and creating value added products, skill development and sustainable social empowerment
A Collaborative Approach to Planning
Authors: Davis Julie , Scholl Alison
Published: August 2021

To reflect Trent University’s academic leadership in environmental and indigenous studies, Trent has undertaken a collaborative campus stewardship and land-use planning process that prioritizes collection of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITK) and engagement with the local First Nations. Trent’s Symons campus is rich in natural and cultural assets, with drumlins, wetlands, woodlands, meadows and farmland, and diverse flora and fauna. A primary goal of the campus plan is to conserve biological diversity, maintain ecological functions, and sustain ecosystem services across more than 560 hectares, whilst enabling campus expansion and joint benefit infrastructure projects to move forward efficiently and effectively. Trent’s experience in bringing ITK to the forefront of campus stewardship and land-use planning warrants critical examination to advance promising practices for conservation of biodiversity through a collaborative approach to planning
The Energy Consumption Control as Support to The Environmental and Economic Sustainability of Public Universities
Authors: Pinto Loguercio Andrea , De Magalhães Ruane Fernandes
Published: August 2021

Energy consumption at Universities follows specific standards related to the development of its education, research, and extension activities. For these activities’ continuity, the supply of energy must have a high level of reliability, without, however, compromising the economic sustainability of the institutions. That is because energy expenditures, in some cases, can be relevant for Universities, especially to public institutions in developing countries, which routinely deal with budget restrictions. On the other hand, energy efficiency and rational energy consumption, have a direct impact on these organizations' environmental sustainability indicators, such as their carbon footprint. In this sense, considering that the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul faces economic challenges, which often make investments in innovative technologies impossible, we compare strategies to optimize its energy consumption. These strategies should achieve better levels of emission reduction and economic costs related to this resource. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze how Public Universities, in developing countries, can optimize their energy consumption, even under budget restrictions. To this end, the results from three strategies adopted by the University, since 2016, to reduce the energy consumption are discussed: (i) increased individual monitoring of consumption points; (ii) optimization and detailed analysis of energy consumption data; and (iii) extensive implementation of reduced summer hours. With the adoption of these practices, it was observed an annual reduction in energy consumption of 6% and 20%, reaching 33.70% on average during the summer period. Thus, it was possible to guide the energy policies of the University, which can change consumption patterns, leading to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a better economic equilibrium
Zero Waste Strategy for a Green Campus
Authors: Ap. Moreira Gislaine , Wanda Rutkoskwi Emilia
Published: August 2021

When adopting the zero waste strategy for the implementation of waste management measures at a Higher Education Institution, the commitment in the institution is of fundamental importance, not only with solid waste, but with the sustainability issue under a circular economy perspective, which should gradually be incorporated to the different programs and routine actions from universities. Several directions can be taken in the construction of this path so that universities are managed under the sustainability’s premises. In this article, the zero waste strategy for implementation of a circular economy program will be analyzed as a way to consolidate the process Green Campus. A qualitative and exploratory research was undertaken on green campus and zero waste strategies, mainly in universities. Although there is still a limited number of universities committed to zero waste actions, it was possible to appoint the benefits when implementing institutional programs related to sustainability and the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Implementation of Electric Vehicles in The Internal Route of The International University of Ecuador
Authors: Azanza Vladimir , Remache Álvaro , Ruiz Soraya , Reyes Gorky , Castillo Andrés
Published: August 2021

Sustainable campuses have become one of the main objectives of agendas for a wide range of universities as a result of the impacts generated by the activities carried out within an academic life and how they directly affect the environment. An important aspect of the educational model of the International University of Ecuador, considering education as a focal transforming point of collective change, is to teach values and responsibility for the environment, considering that in terms of sustainability a higher education should not be understood only from the technical point of view, but as a process of realizing the significance of substantial values that would encourage future professionals to commit to the construction of a more fair and equitable society. For this reason, the objective of this study is to analyze sustainability through the implementation of electric mass transport vehicles in the internal route of the International University of Ecuador, for which the methodology is based on a quantitative approach, whose type of study is exploratory and of an inductive-deductive nature, analyzing the variables that directly influence a sustainable environment such as altitude above sea level (geographical location), benefited people, consumption and routes. Instruments such as sampling and surveys will be used to determine the decrease in polluting emissions that can affect the natural environment of the area. The technical considerations are the following: the location of the campus presents average slopes of 7.76 ° at 2560 masl, the results of autonomy in a route are 14.8 km benefiting around 450 people a day from the university community, having an annual load consumption of 297311 KWh during day hours and of 114715 KWh during night hours. With the implementation of an electric vehicle for the internal route, a power of 154.7 KW is required to overcome a slope of 18 ° with a campus route of 178.4 km, with this it would stop emitting 29.6 tons of CO2 and 0.76 tons of gases harmful for the environment per year
Implementation and Impacts of Education for Sustainable Development: Experience of Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: G. Perdamaian Laksana , S. Utami Sentagi , Prayitno Budi , Guntoro Pri Joewo
Published: August 2021

A green physical setting would need green behavior and culture to sustain and function properly. Education is a key component to form a sustainable mindset and lifestyle for society, especially youth. As a university with a vision to be a resilient and healthy campus, Universitas Gadjah Mada has actively involved in providing education for sustainable development. The activities have commenced since 2016 through Integrated Smart and Green Building research group and involve participants from both internal and external audiences. Internal target audiences were primarily freshman UGM students and later extended to include primary and high school students. External audiences were the government and stakeholders from the commercial sector. The program was designed to increase awareness on sustainable development and encourage everyone to take part to achieve its goals. Students were educated on the importance of sustainable lifestyle and expected to practice green behavior in their daily life. For stakeholders, a focus group discussion was organized to start a conversation for the formulation of green building regulation. There were observable immediate changes in cognitive and behavorial domain toward sustainable lifestyle. Sustainable development is a long term vision and it needs participation from everyone. Higher education as a center of knowledge should actively provide society with education to achieve sustainable development.
Isfahan University of Technology (IUT): Towards a Green Campus Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development Initiatives at IUT
Authors: Abtahi S. M
Published: August 2021

Today, many universities are trying to move towards sustainability by observing the principles of environment and green management. In this regard, the issue of green university has been considered by many countries in recent years, and many efforts have been made to join (UIGWURN (UI GreenMetric World University Rankings Network)). Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), as one of the top higher education universities in Iran, has taken fundamental steps to implement "Green Management" and has achieved honors in this regard. Some of the measures taken are extensive educational and research activities in the field of environment as well as executive measures for the university campus, including Xeriscaping, energy efficiency, clean energy use, water consumption management, waste and wastewater management, green buildings, and transportation. The implementation of these measures has led to significant results in reducing water and energy consumption, reduction of all types of pollutions following the use of clean energy, as well as saving consumption costs.
The Carbon Footprint Estimation based on Campus Activities in ITERA (Institut Teknologi Sumatera)
Authors: Kartika Sari Novi , Gusvita Rinda , Puradimaja Deny Juanda
Published: August 2021

ITERA (Institut Teknologi Sumatera) is one of young university situated in Lampung Province, Indonesia. In 2018, the average population of campus (students, faculties, and staff) was about 9584 persons. The objective of this paper is to inventory Green House Gasses (GHGs) and then to calculate carbon footprint using equation by UI Greenmetric Guideline 2018 except for fuel and LPG consumption, paper use, and organic waste generation by using GHGs Protocol. Three scopes of GHGs emission were used to classify based on both direct and indirect source(s). The first scope was presented by LPG consumption and fuel consumption of campus’s car. Electricity consumption became scope 2 while the scope 3 involved paper use, organic waste generation including food waste and Yard trimmings, and transportation activities of both motorcycles and cars. The estimated GHGs emission was about 2846.541 metric ton CO2eq during 2018-2019 (one year) with the portion of each scope resulting 10.2%, 62%, and 28.2%, respectively. Electricity usage was being the highest contributor of carbon footprint. The inventory of GHGs will help top management of campus to evaluate and determine some strategies for minimization, reduction, and mitigation notably in electricity sector by some strategies such as substituting electric devices into eco-friendly products, applying energy management ISO 50001, and others.
The Methodological and Didactic Aspects of Comprehensive Greening of Educational Process Towards Sustainable University
Authors: Tunytsya Yuriy , Soloviy Ihor , Lavnyy Vasyl
Published: August 2021

The process of greening education is aimed to educate new generation with the holistic vision of the real world challenges, attitudes of responsibility and active social behavior as an agent of sustainability transformations. The methodological and didactic aspects of comprehensive greening of educational process discussed. It’s based on integration the competence and the whole school approaches, sustainable life style and green campus practices into sustainable university model. The preconditions for systemic and holistic integration of the sustainability principles into all fields of the university life are identified. Especial attention is paid to the recent experiences of the Ukrainian National Forestry University as the leading university in Ukraine in implementing the concept of greening higher education in Ukraine and member of new networking project “V4 Green Universities” supported by the Visegrad Fund.
Humanizing the Localizing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Education and Research at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
Authors: Md Din Mohd Fadhil , Omar Wahid , Taib Shazwin , Sarip Shamsul , Krishnan Santhana
Published: August 2021

Preliminary actions taken by the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) towards the value-added from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework that may relevant in the current indicators, elements, values and impacts, and the also constructive analysis by different sectors at High Educational Institutions (HEIs). Typically, the instrumentation on performances of each element (or indicator) in research and education portfolios are majorly defined as Key Performance Index (KPI) and/or Key Achievement/Amal Index (KAIs). All of instrumentations suitable at the vertical strategic plan to disseminate the workload across stakeholders in the HEIs. A strategic plan by each university will represent the core values and relevancy of niche area in academic and research sectors. However, UTM already is identifying the most critical element, far beyond the KPI/KAI successful story which focusses under the Pelan Global Universiti (PGU I-III) to outstanding values of inclusiveness, synergy and visibility with the important Desired State 2020. The UTM core values will serve Integrity, Synergy, Excellent and Sustainability (ISES) in all operation/services throughout trustworthy engagement with stakeholders. Meantime, the action plan for enVision 2025 institualized the pragmatic roadmaps align with the SDGs at the global benchmark, in order to horizontally manage the great grassroots improvement and further develop unique vision to UTM; named as UTMDNA. This paper describes the proactive strategic plan by UTM management to advocate the next roadmap altogether with high impact sustainable education and research works. Most of the concurrent achievement, action-plan and long-term Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) is emphasized in the life-balance strategy framework. The second wave (2020 - 2030) of SDGs in UTM is among the most recent thoughts towards the sustainability requirements specially to serve the UN SDG and enVision 2025 (UTM). Therefore, Malaysian higher education institutions should take proactive steps in culturing SDG initiatives – guided but not bounded by the specific measures set-out in the UN Conference
Biodiversity, richness and spatial distribution of extant Pteridophytes in Kudremukh National Park, Western Ghats, India
Authors: Morajkar Shaiesh , Hegde Smitha
Published: August 2021

Pteridophyte richness and diversity in Kudremukh National Park (KNP) was assessed using qualitative and quantitative diversity indexing methods, along with the geographic spatial distribution of the extant pteridophyte flora. The field research design employed a stratified random sampling method and was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 included the survey, identification and distribution of the pteridophyte flora and Phase 2 was to study the diversity of the extant pteridophytes throughout the KNP using seven transects. The region exhibited rich and highly diverse (Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index of 3.38), non-homogenous (compared to normal Raunkiaer’s frequency curve) stand of 46 different unevenly (evenness index 0.64) distributed pteridophyte flora. The study region was dominated by two unambiguous pteridophyte species of weedy nature (Pteridium aquilinum and Dicranopteris linearis), with a high Simpson's dominance index of 0.96. The study reports eight endemic, two rare, five at risk and seven vulnerable and near-threatened IUCN listed pteridophyte species in the study region. The quantitative diversity indices i.e. frequency, density, abundance, relative abundance and important value index of each extant pteridophyte is calculated. The study also noted that some endemic species such as Osmunda huegeliana and Cyathea nilgirensis present in KNP needed immediate conservation efforts. This study gives an extensive report on the extant pteridophyte flora of KNP and will help future taxonomic surveys and research, as well as conservation and sustenance measures.