bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Núna eru allir einhvern veginn rosa uppteknir og það er enginn sem svona heldur utan um krakkana“: Þörf á foreldrafræðslu: Sýn umsjónarkennara á miðstigi grunnskóla
Authors: Helgadóttir Sigrún , Ingudóttir Hrund Þórarins
Published: February 2022

Þær breytingar sem hafa orðið á fjölskyldulífi undanfarna áratugi hafa leitt af sér nýjar áskoranir í uppeldi barna. Þá upplifa margir foreldrar streitu vegna samhæfingar fjölskyldu- og atvinnulífs. Markmið rannsóknarinnar er að varpa ljósi á áskoranir í uppeldi 10–13 ára barna að mati umsjónarkennara. Aukinheldur að skoða sýn þeirra á hlutverk og ábyrgð foreldra og umsjónarkennara á uppeldi sem og mat þeirra á þörf á stuðningi og uppeldisfræðslu fyrir foreldra. Tekin voru viðtöl við átta umsjónarkennara 5.–7. bekkja í grunnskólum. Helstu niðurstöður eru þær að miklar samfélagslegar kröfur eru gerðar til foreldra sem verða til þess að foreldrar eru mjög uppteknir. Umsjónarkennararnir finna fyrir kröfu frá foreldrum um að þeir styðji þá enn frekar en áður við uppeldi barna sinna. Umsjónarkennurunum finnst það varla vera sitt hlutverk, þeir séu hvorki menntaðir til þess né sé þeim mögulegt að bæta á sig fleiri verkefnum. Þeir vilja að foreldrar beri ábyrgð á og sinni uppeldi barna sinna. Þeir telja foreldra 10–13 ára barna hafa þörf á stuðningi og uppeldisfræðslu. Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar ættu að vera mikilvægt innlegg í umræðu um hlutverk og ábyrgð foreldra og kennara á uppeldi barna. Einnig ættu þær að nýtast við stefnumótun foreldrafræðslu og uppeldisráðgjafar, vera stuðningur fyrir þá sem vinna með foreldrum og með því vera mikilvægar fyrir foreldra og börn.
Reproducibility in the technical debt domain
Authors: Szabados Kristóf , Farkas Izabella Ingrid , Kovács Attila
Published: February 2022

Context

It is crucial to understand how reproducible the measurement results in the scientific publications are, as reproducibility is one of the cornerstones of engineering.

Objective

The goal of this study is to investigate the scientific publications presented at the premier technical debt conferences by understanding how reproducible the reported findings are.

Method

We conducted a systematic literature review of 135 unique papers published at the “International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt” and the “International Conference on Managing Technical Debt”, the premier scientific conference series on technical debt.

Results

Only 44 of the investigated 135 papers presented numerical evidence and only 5 papers listed the tools, the availability of the tools, and the version of the tools used. For the rest of the papers additional information would have been needed for the potential reproducibility. One of the published papers even referred to a pornographic site as a source of a toolset for empirical research.
Evaluation of Received Signal Power Level and Throughput Depending on Distance to Transmitter in Testbed for Automotive WLAN IEEE 802.11ac Communication Network
Authors: Ancans A. , Petersons E. , Jerjomins R. , Grabs E. , Ancans G. , Ipatovs A.
Published: February 2022

WLAN IEEE 802.11ac is one of the wireless network technologies that can be used for ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) needs, in particular for providing vehicle passengers with access to the data transmission network. To evaluate the performance of such automotive wireless access networks, it is necessary to perform experimental measurements. By conducting the throughput measurements in WLAN-based automotive communications testbed, it has been observed that the throughput of the communication channel decreases and the received signal becomes weaker as the vehicle moves away from the wireless access point. The aim of the research is to verify theoretically whether there is a correlation between the received signal power level and the throughput of the communication channel depending on the distance to the transmitter. To calculate the received signal power depending on the distance to the transmitter, a log-normal signal propagation model can be used, which takes into account random signal fluctuations that are described by the Nakagami distribution. Further, based on the obtained results, Shannon’s theorem can be used to calculate the maximum theoretical throughput of the communication channel. The analysis of the obtained results shows that a correlation exists between the received signal power level and the throughput of the communication channel depending on the distance to the transmitter. The performed theoretical calculations justify the experimentally obtained results.
What Management Consultants Want from Academics
Authors: Szlichcinski Karol
Published: February 2022

The Centre for Management Consulting Excellence (CMCE) carried out some exploratory research into how consultants access and use outputs of academic research in their work. We investigated:

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The extent to which consultants used outputs of academic research in their work;

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The sources used by consultants to access the outputs of academic research;

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The benefits and disadvantages for consultants of the outputs of academic research;

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Consultants’ experiences in working with academics;

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How consultants used academic outputs in ther continuing professional development (CPD) activities.

The research found that academic work contributes to the knowledge base that consultants draw on in three main ways:

It is a source of ideas underlying major types of consulting interventions and of widely used consulting tools;

Outputs of academic work provide information that can be used on specific projects;

Academic outputs can contribute to consultants’ CPD.
Notes on misconceptions in the application of geographical names of the tepuis on the borderlands of Guyana and Venezuela and a clarification of the location of Waukauyengtipu and Cerro Venamo
Authors: Wrazidlo Mateusz , McPherson Stewart , Clarke H. David
Published: February 2022

A review of recent publications concerning the South American Pantepui biogeographic region revealed recurring mistakes in the naming of several table mountains (known locally as ‘tepui’, ‘tipu’ or ‘tepuy’) located around the Guyana-Venezuela border, close to the transection of the so-called Schomburgk Line and the course of Rio Venamo. The mistakes are believed to have arisen and have been repeated as a result of a noticeable scarcity of detailed maps of the region, its short history of exploration and ongoing inaccessibility.

An extensive analysis of modern satellite data and records of past research expeditions, supplemented by first-hand observations and assessment made during an expedition to Waukauyengtipu in the Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region in Guyana in January 2019, are used to clarify the nomenclatural confusion regarding the tepuis of the area. We determine that the tepuis known as Cerro Venamo and Waukauyengtipu should be treated as separate and distinct geographic formations.
Does the Sector Matters? An Empirical Investigation of Job Satisfaction and Performance Evaluation Process Based on Romanian Employees’ Perceptions
Authors: BEIU Alexandra , DAVIDESCU Adriana Ana-Maria
Published: February 2022

The paper aims to investigate if the activity sector matters in explaining and analysing the job satisfaction, its determinants and also the satisfaction related to the performance evaluation process using an empirical research based on gender differences for a sample of 301 employees from seven sectors of activity. The paper aims to respond to the following key research questions: there are statistical differences concerning the job satisfaction and also the perceptions regarding the performance evaluation process in different sectors of activity with certain specificities? In order to respond to these questions, descriptive statistics, non-parametric correlation and non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis) were used. The empirical results revealed that employees from services, manufacturing industry and agriculture exhibited the highest level of job satisfaction while constructions represents the sector with the lowest level. The analysis of motivational factors revealed that workplace comfort and job stability are considered to be the most important motivating factors in all sectors of activity, while the perspective of hierarchical advancement and logistical support the least motivating. The results of Kruskal-Wallis test pointed out statistical differences among sectors of activity regarding the job satisfaction level and the attractiveness of work done. Concerning the level of satisfaction related to the last employee evaluations, retail trade and manufacturing industry are the sector with the highest degree of satisfaction while services and wholesale trade registered lower levels of satisfaction. As methods used in the evaluation, the analysis based on the superiors’ opinion was used in all sectors with the exception of agriculture characterized by the presence of informal free talks. The empirical results highlighted significant differences in different sectors of activity regarding the elements taken into consideration in the employee performance evaluation process: productivity, initiative/innovation, quality of communication, relationships with subordinates, superiors and customers and professional development.
What isn’t the Mangerial Decision? A Different Point of View on the Most Important Activity of a Manager
Authors: CEHAN Ionuț-Dacian
Published: February 2022

The managerial decision is the most important tool of a manager, being present day after day in his organizational work and having direct effect on both organization and employees. The managerial decision may be seen from different points of view, starting with the manager’s perspective, then with organizational strategy and employees’ view. The managerial decision is the most important in an organization, being a process that involves more stages, one of them being human relations; the managerial decision may be seen through the lens of different points of view. In this article it is offered a perspective on the managerial decision, by highlighting the uncommon aspects and by denying those that are not his own. The paper objective is to highlight the essence of managerial decision, by showing in fact what it is not.
Scientific Research and Universities as Knowledge Based Organizations
Authors: NĂSTASE Marian , FLORESCU Margareta , MIRCIOI (VĂLIMĂRANU) Ileana
Published: February 2022

Innovation is representing a key word in this dynamic world and the organizations strives for attracting and using the best resources for providing highest value to their stakeholders. Knowledge based organizations are very sensitive and sensitive to society and economy developments. Sensitivity increases due to the increased awareness of complex relationships between the organization and the environment. The universities are among the elites of these types of and the research carried out by them support them to fulfill their critical role for local and regional development. The role of the organization itself and the impact that individual and group performance have on the overall results are amplified as they prove to be great in innovation field. It is a major shift to see the role of universities as a trigger, but also as a fortifier of major trends that are critical for society, bringing the best from scientific research, but also from educational field and providing maximum value to their stakeholders
Perspectives for the Development of the Collaboration Relations in the Association Forms for Association Forms in the Galaţi County
Authors: FLOREA Andrei-Mirel , RADU Riana , MOCANU PUSTIANU Adriana , STANCIU Silvius
Published: February 2022

Organizing a viable irrigation system in the context of climate change at the level of Romanian agriculture is a priority. Currently, only 12% of the total agricultural area is irrigated. In order to benefit from irrigation, Romanian farmers must be members of the Organization of the Irrigation Water Users (OUAI), assigned to the area in which they own land or conclude seasonal contracts. A survey addressed to the OUAI in Galati County attempted to identify the relations between the members that can lead to the association not only for irrigation, but also for agricultural activities. An analysis of the data obtained from the survey was carried out, using the „fuzzy set comparative qualitative analysis” (fsQCA) method, in the context of land fragmentation, in conjunction with supporting national and European programs for the association and development of the irrigation infrastructure. The results of the study are important because it reflects the main issues highlighted by the farmers in the analyzed area regarding the association.
A Relação entre Investimentos Socioambientais e Desempenho Financeiro: Evidências do Setor Energético Brasileiro
Authors: Mota Joaes dos Santos Oliveira , Pimentel Márcio Sampaio
Published: February 2022

Este estudo objetivou analisar a relação entre os investimentos em práticas socioambientais e o desempenho financeiro das empresas de capital aberto listadas na Bovespa, pertencentes ao segmento de energia elétrica que publicaram seus Relatórios Socioambientais entre os anos de 2015 e 2019. A metodologia aplicada é de natureza descritiva, documental e quantitativa. Os dados socioambientais foram obtidos por meio da análise dos relatórios socioambientais, especificadamente no Balanço Ibase, enquanto os dados financeiros foram coletados no site da Bovespa. Para a amostra, com 14 empresas, foram aplicadas técnicas de análise estatística dos dados, como estatística descritiva, correlação e regressão com dados em painel. Os resultados evidenciaram que os investimentos em ISI foram os mais expressivos, em termos de valores. Observou-se correlação negativa e significativa entre as variáveis ISI e ROA e positiva e significativa entre ROE e ROA, a primeira correlação indica, a priori, que quanto menor for o valor do retorno dos ativos das empresas, maior será os investimentos sociais. Quanto aos resultados da análise de regressão, os indicadores ROA e ROE obtiveram achados estatisticamente iguais em relação aos investimentos socioambientais e o porte das companhias, com exceção da variável ISI, a qual indicou que o investimento nos colaboradores gerou retorno positivo e significativo para os acionistas da empresa, o mesmo não foi observado para o retorno dos ativos, que teve relação negativa e significante.
Mobilidade humana e desastres ambientais: a gestão urbana em áreas de risco
Authors: Rocha Érica Tavares da Silva
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: A relação entre a questão urbana e ambiental tem produzido conflitos em todo o espaço urbano brasileiro. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os processos de mobilidade humana no contexto dos desastres ambientais, considerando o histórico de desastres relacionados à água em Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ e o papel da gestão urbana no processo de remoção de famílias, sob a construção do discurso de que estão em áreas de risco.
Referencial teórico: A pesquisa se orienta teoricamente por uma abordagem sociológica dos desastres ambientais e por uma perspectiva da construção social do risco, que influencia tanto a gestão urbana quanto as formas de enfrentamento por parte da população.
Método: A metodologia utilizada foi a análise secundária de dados sobre ocorrência de desastres no município e a realização de uma pesquisa de survey domiciliar em uma área afetada por inundações na cidade, através de entrevista estruturada.
Resultados e conclusão: Os resultados mostram a ocorrência de uma expressiva mobilidade residencial na área, promovida tanto pelas questões ambientais quanto por interesses políticos e econômicos nas disputas por apropriação do espaço aliados a mecanismos autoritários que levaram à remoção de famílias por meio de uma gestão urbana seletiva e fragmentada.
Implicações da pesquisa: O estudo aponta que é preciso promover instâncias de articulação política que contemplem a participação da comunidade nos processos decisórios e a implementação de políticas integradas nessas áreas.
Originalidade/valor: O estudo reforça, ainda, que as práticas de gestão socioambiental precisam considerar a perspectiva dos atingidos por desastres ambientais.
Point of Care Ultrasonography to Monitor Decongestive Therapy in Heart Failure: Seeing is Believing
Authors: Koratala Abhilash
Published: February 2022

Point of care ultrasonography (POCUS) is a non-invasive bedside diagnostic tool that aids in clinical decision-making process. In addition, it allows to monitor the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in real time. As such, nephrologists can enhance patient care by adopting this skill, especially in those with simultaneous cardiac dysfunction and difficult to manage fluid status. Herein, we present a case of heart failure and hypotension, where POCUS helped guide the management as well as visualize the effect of ultrafiltration therapy on circulatory pathophysiology.
Assessing the Information Content of the Auditor General’s Report in Voluntary Tax Compliance Decisions in Ghana from the Experts’ Perspective
Authors: Maalo Ekpaa , Ucieda José Luis , Mella José María
Published: February 2022

The utility value of auditing public sector accounts is widely reported in the advanced and developing economies including Sub-Sahara Africa economies. Such reports claim that public sector financial audit influences transparency, probity, financial discipline, accountability, and voluntary tax compliances decisions. This study tests this widely acclaimed view by assessing the information content of the Auditor General’s (AG) report in voluntary tax compliance decisions in Ghana, a Sub-Sahara Africa nation. The assessment used a panel of 12 experts in a 2-round seeded decision email Delphi methodology. The panel of experts reached weak consensus that the AG’s report is an objective and a useful tool for assessing voluntary tax compliance behaviors and taxpayers’ decisions on the job retention of an indicted corrupt public official in the country; in assessing public institutions’ performance; fiscal deficits; the fight against corruption; and policy formulation and planning. Therefore, the AG’s report can be a powerful tool for resolving the incomplete information and the information risks of the Ghanaian taxpayer. It can also be useful for protecting the public purse, for preventing waste, fraud, embezzlement, and corruption in the management of Ghana’s public purse. This result is consistent with findings in Europe, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Uganda that public sector audit influences voluntary tax compliance decisions. So, the AG’s report has information content in voluntary tax compliance decisions in Ghana. Consequently, Ghana and the other Sub-Sahara Africa nations can use public sector financial audit as a useful and objective tool to improve voluntary tax compliance attitudes in their various economies because it can positively influence the availability of funds for public programs and services. This is particularly important in this COVID19 era when funding sources are scarce. Since the level of consensus among the panelists was somehow weak, further iterations are required to determine the stability of the responses. The study extends literature methodologically by using the email Delphi study to assess the information content of the AG’s report on voluntary tax compliance behaviors in Ghana.
Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica e Doença de Kawazaki: as diferenças e manifestações clínicas na Pediatria
Authors: Santos Mariana Silva dos , Andrighetto Suellen Sthefany Mota Tiago
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Descrever os principais fatores relacionados à Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica Associada ao Covid-19 (SIM-P) e suas complicações no cenário atual, bem como as suas principais diferenças com a Doença de Kawazaki (DK). Revisão bibliográfica: A pesquisa foi realizada de forma exploratória no contexto dos acontecimentos atuais, e nas opiniões científicas encontradas na atualidade sobre as principais manifestações clínicas da SIM-P que são: hipertermia, sintomas abdominais, manifestações cutâneas, linfadenopatia generalizada, alterações cardíacas e nervosas e as manifestações da DK. Considerações finais: Apesar da evidência científica limitada disponível, acredita-se que haja uma inflamação na infância que pode estar associada à infecção por SARS-CoV-2, semelhante à da doença de Kawasaki. Exame clínico completo, incluindo anamnese, exame físico, vínculo epidemiológico e casos suspeitos ou confirmados de Covid-19 nas últimas 2 a 4 semanas, além da solicitação de exames complementares para avaliação do processo inflamatório e envolvimento do órgão, é fundamental para suspeitas diagnóstico e tratamento.
Einstein equation on three-dimensional locally homogeneous (pseudo)Riemannian manifolds with vectorial torsion
Authors: Клепиков П.Н. , Родионов Е.Д. , Хромова О.П.
Published: February 2022

Впервые метрическая связность с векторным кручением, или полусимметрическая метрическая связность, была открыта Э. Картаном. Позднее свойства данной связности изучали многие математики. Так, например, К. Яно, И. Агрикола и другие математики исследовали свойства тензора кривизны, геодезические линии, а также поведение связности при конформных деформациях исходной метрики. В данной работе исследуется уравнение Эйнштейна на трехмерных локально однородных (псевдо)римановых многообразиях с метрической связностью с инвариантным векторным кручением. Доказана теорема о том, что все такие многообразия либо являются многообразиями Эйнштейна относительно связности Леви-Чивита, либо конформно плоские. Ранее авторами исследовалось уравнение Эйнштейна в случае трехмерных локально симметрических (псевдо)римановых многообразий.
The Dirichlet problem for the higher order composite type equations with discontinuous coefficients
Authors: Григорьева А.И.
Published: February 2022

Изучается разрешимость задачи Дирихле для дифференциальных уравнений составного (соболевского) типа вида$$D_t\big[(-1)^pD^{2p+1}_tu-h(x)u_{xx}\big]+a(x)u_{xx}+c(x,t)u=f(x,t)$$в области $Q=\{(x,t)\,:\,x\in(-1,0)\cup(0,1),\,t\in(0,T),\,0<T<+\infty\}$ ($p\geq 1$ целое, $D^k_t=\frac{\partial^k}{\partial t^k},$ $D_t=\frac{\partial}{\partial t}$). Особенностью рассматриваемых уравнений является то, что коэффициенты $h(x)$ и $a(x)$ в нем могут иметь разрыв первого рода при переходе через точку $x= 0$. Помимо обычных граничных условий Дирихле в изучаемой задаче задаются также условия сопряжения на линии $x = 0$. Доказываются теоремы существования и единственности регулярных (имеющих все обобщенные по С. Л. Соболеву производные, входящие в уравнение) решений.
Efficacy and safety of bulevirtide in patients with chronic hepatitis D and compensated cirrhosis
Authors: Bogomolov Pavel O. , Ivashkin Vladimir T. , Bueverov Alexey O. , Maev Igor V. , Sagalova Olga I. , Sleptsova Snezhana S. , Yushuk Nikolay D. , Gusev Denis A. , Zhdanov Konstantin V. , Chulanov Vladimir P.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To study the efficacy and safety of bulevirtide, the HBV and HDV entry inhibitor.
Materials and methods. Analysis of the results of using bulevirtide in randomized controlled open-label comparative studies MYR202 and MYR203 in 56 patients with chronic hepatitis D and compensated cirrhosis, in monotherapy and combination with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (PEG-IFN).
Results. Monotherapy with bulevirtide for 24 weeks in the MYR202 study in 46 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis demonstrated: 1) a high rate of virological (100%) and biochemical response (alanine aminotransferase normalization rate 45.7%), 2) superiority of bulevirtide in efficacy over the control group (tenofovir), 3) comparability of treatment efficacy in patients with and without cirrhosis, 4) no progression of liver fibrosis with elastometry in most patients.
Treatment with bulevirtide in monotherapy and combination with PEG-IFN for 48 weeks in 10 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis in the MYR203 study was accompanied by a high rate of virological response (80%) and normalization of alanine aminotransferase (70%).
Bulevirtide was well tolerated, there was no deterioration in tolerability compared with patients without cirrhosis, there were no serious adverse events and cases of treatment cancellation due to adverse events.
Conclusion. Bulevirtide is recommended as the first line of treatment for chronic hepatitis D in patients with compensated cirrhosis in monotherapy and combination with PEG-IFN.
Herpesviruses in patients after renal transplantation
Authors: Dzhumabaeva Boldykyz T. , Tikhomirov Dmitry S. , Biryukova Lyudmila S. , Tupoleva Tatiana A. , Nesterenko Igor V. , Purlo Natalia V. , Chebоtarev Dmitry I.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To estimate graft function after kidney transplantation during active herpesviruses or superinfection
Materials and methods. The study included 32 patients (men 21, women 11) with end-stage chronic kidney disease. The median age was 43 years. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) DNAs were screened by RT-PCR in the donor's transplant biopsy, and recipients peripheral blood and urine after kidney transplantation (KT) on 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 months. Antiviral antibodies (IgM and IgG) were also screened by Enzyme-linked immunoassay analysis (ELISA) along with PCR. The 500 or less copies of viral DNA per 105 nuclear cells or 1 ml of urine was considered as low, more than 1000 copies high.
Results. On the first month after KT CMV DNA was detected in 50% of pts., EBV DNA in 40% and HHV-6 DNA in 33%. During first year after KT two or three viruses simultaneously were found in 12 recipients: CMV, EBV, and HHV-6 were detected in 5 recipients; CMV and EBV in 4 patients; CMV and HHV-6 in 2 pts; EBV and HHV-6 in 1 pt. Graft dysfunction was observed in 9 patients with a high concentration of viral DNA of one, two or three viruses simultaneously. An upraise of the concentration of virus DNA (CMV, EBV and HHV 6) was detected primarily in the urine, while in the blood its concentration was less than 500 cop or undetectable. Renal dysfunction was not observed on the background of low concentrations of viral DNA in urine and blood. However, with an increase of DNA concentration, an impaired graft function in 8 of 12 patients appeared. Low viral DNA level proved to be a background for another virus activation or bacterial/fungal superinfection.
Conclusion. Graft dysfunction occurs at high viral DNA levels detection during mono-or superinfection. Low viral load can serve as a background for another virus activation and/or bacterial/fungal superinfection.
Cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in patients with HIV infection in Russia. Case report
Authors: Ermak Tatiana N. , Kravchenko Aleksei V. , Pokrovsky Vadim V. , Andreev Aleksandr V.
Published: February 2022

The article contains information on the problem of the combined course of HIV infection and leishmaniasis: a number of statistical and overview data in the world. It also presents a brief description of known cases of HIV patients with leishmaniasis in the Russian Federation. In all cases the diagnostics of leishmaniasis was difficult due to the lack of alertness of physicians to this illness, as well as poor knowledge of epidemiological situation of leishmaniasis. All patients with visceral leishmaniasis but one caught it during their stay in Crimea. Cutaneous leishmaniasis was described in HIV infection in the Russian Federation for the second time and is associated with the patient's residence in the Chechen Republic.
The role and place of pathogenetic therapy with glucocorticosteroid hormones in the treatment of patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Efremov Dmitrii O. , Beloborodov Vladimir B.
Published: February 2022

In December 2019, in Wuhan (PRC), there was an outbreak of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has a zoonotic origin. The World Health Organization announced the COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020. In most cases, the disease is asymptomatic or mild. However, up to 15% of patients require hospitalization, and 5% develop a critical condition. To date, no effective antiviral drug COVID-19 has been found that can reduce mortality. Pathological changes in the lungs are manifested by diffuse alveolar damage, which is clinically manifested by increasing respiratory failure, accompanied by a decrease in saturation and oxygen concentration in arterial blood. It is assumed that autoimmune reactions play an important role in the development of multiple organ failure. Generalized inflammation is characterized by an increase in the concentration of C-reactive protein, ferritin, interleukin-1 and interleukin-6, and other markers. At the stage of development of infection in the form of a cytokine storm, proinflammatory cytokines can themselves become pathogenetic factors in the development of critical conditions, multiple organ failure and deaths. Therefore, a key challenge in treating hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is to control generalized inflammation. Glucocorticosteroid hormones (GCS) are widely used as anti-inflammatory drugs in the clinic of infectious diseases. However, until recently, there was no convincing data on the effectiveness of GCS in patients with COVID-19. Recently published results of a large randomized clinical trial (RECOVERY) showing the efficacy of GCS (dexamethasone) in the treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19. At the same time, the feasibility and effectiveness of GCS in patients with COVID-19 outside critical conditions, the pathogenetic mechanisms that determine the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of these drugs and the validity of their use remain insufficiently studied.
ManyBirds: A multi-site collaborative Open Science approach to avian cognition and behavior research
Authors: Lambert Megan , Farrar Benjamin , Garcia-Pelegrin Elias , Reber Stephan , Miller Rachael
Published: February 2022

Comparative cognitive and behavior research aims to investigate cognitive evolution by comparing performance in different species to understand how these abilities have evolved. Ideally, this requires large and diverse samples; however, these can be difficult to obtain by single labs or institutions, leading to potential reproducibility and generalization issues with small, less representative samples. To help mitigate these issues, we are establishing a multi-site collaborative Open Science approach called ManyBirds, with the aim of providing new insight into the evolution of avian cognition and behavior through large-scale comparative studies, following the lead of exemplary ManyPrimates, ManyBabies and ManyDogs projects. Here, we outline a) the replicability crisis and why we should study birds, including the origin of modern birds, avian brains and convergent evolution of cognition; b) the current state of the avian cognition field, including a ‘snapshot’ review; c) the ManyBirds project, with plans, infrastructure, limitations, implications and future directions. In sharing this process, we hope that this may be useful for other researchers in devising similar projects in other taxa, like non-avian reptiles or mammals, and to encourage further collaborations with ManyBirds and related ManyX projects. Ultimately, we hope to promote collaboration between ManyX projects to allow for wider investigation of the evolution of cognition across all animals, including potentially humans.
Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novels
Authors: Wandansari Rifky Aulia , Suryaningtyas Valentina Widya
Published: February 2022

Abstract. This research aims to compare power aspects portrayed by the main character in The Hunger Games and Divergent novels and see the similarities and differences between those two novels. The object of this research is Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novels. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative as the method of the study. The researcher used Karlberg's (2005) theory to conduct this research. The researcher classified the characteristic of power into Power as Domination (there are 5 types) and Power as Capacity (there are 4 types) to get the data. The other elements that help the researcher easier to collect the data that can be compared are using the novel's intrinsic elements. The result shows Katniss (The Hunger Games) and Tris (Divergent) as the main character, they have power on some points. Some points of the power from those novels have similar portrayals such as Power as Domination in Position, Power as Domination in Knowledge, Power as Domination in Experience, Power as Domination in Gender, Power as Capacity in Anger, Power as Capacity in Bravery, and Power as Capacity in Disappointed. Few points show if those two books have different portrayals, such as the point of Power as Domination in Age and Power as Capacity in Worrying. So, based on the research and the result shown, The Hunger Games and Divergent are thought of as the same novels because some power portrayals from those novels are similar.Abstract. This research aims to compare power aspects portrayed by the main character in The Hunger Games and Divergent novels and see the similarities and differences between those two novels. The object of this research is Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novels. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative as the method of the study. The researcher used Karlberg's (2005) theory to conduct this research. The researcher classified the characteristic of power into Power as Domination (there are 5 types) and Power as Capacity (there are 4 types) to get the data. The other elements that help the researcher easier to collect the data that can be compared are using the novel's intrinsic elements. The result shows Katniss (The Hunger Games) and Tris (Divergent) as the main character, they have power on some points. Some points of the power from those novels have similar portrayals such as Power as Domination in Position, Power as Domination in Knowledge, Power as Domination in Experience, Power as Domination in Gender, Power as Capacity in Anger, Power as Capacity in Bravery, and Power as Capacity in Disappointed. Few points show if those two books have different portrayals, such as the point of Power as Domination in Age and Power as Capacity in Worrying. So, based on the research and the result shown, The Hunger Games and Divergent are thought of as the same novels because some power portrayals from those novels are similar.
When Traditional and Modern Culture Collide: Analysis of "Lathi" Song
Authors: Anggraheni Dini , Fuadhiyah Ucik , Sutopo Bakti
Published: February 2022

A fusion of traditional and modern culture can produce a new mood in entertainment. One of the entertainment can be heard in music. As we all know, music is a form of expression that may introduce a culture. This research aimed to look at the Indonesian cultural elements in Weird Genius's song "Lathi" from various perspectives. The song "Lathi" was picked due to its widespread popularity in Indonesia, particularly on Tik Tok and Instagram. It was featured in a cover video and the Lathi Challenge, making it one of the most sought-after songs in 2020. The research outcome, a descriptive qualitative method using content analysis and semiotic approach, was employed to examine each component of the data from this song. The study's main focus was the visual, verbal, and instrumental analyses. The study's outcomes revealed a variety of cultural components in the song "Lathi" that demonstrated the song's meaning or message, especially in terms of Javanese culture.
An Attitudinal Analysis of Student-Teacher Talk on Online Classroom Interaction
Authors: Nur Aenida Nadia Alifa , Herdiawan Rama Dwika , Rofi'i Agus
Published: February 2022

This study is conducted to find out the attitudinal resources used by a student-teacher talk on online classroom interaction through appraisal framework (Martin & White, 2005). This research used a qualitative approach with adopted critical discourse analysis (CDA) research design. The subjects of this research were students in the fifth semester and teachers in Universitas Majalengka. The findings show that the dominant type of attitudinal system of student and teacher talk on online classroom interaction; The dominant attitude device found by students is Judgment which constitutes 23,33%, followed by Appreciation (16,67%), and Affect (13,33%). The dominant attitude device found by the teacher is Affect which constitutes 31,14%, followed by Appreciation (21,31%), and Judgement (11,47%). Students can use this kind of analysis a develop speaking skills based on character education that can provide basic rules for life and practice behaviors that reflect values. The way teachers and students express their emotional reactions shows their aspects and their relationships through the choice of language. The contribution of student and teacher talk in terms of appraisal analysis are; a sense of curiosity, sense of communicative, sense of responsibility, sense of respect for achievement, sense of honesty, and sense of independent.
THE EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC CYTOKININ GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, MUKHINA M.T. , LAMMAS M.E.
Published: February 2022

The Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy studied the complex of economically valuable properties of 15 varieties of soft spring wheat of different ecological and geographical origins. The studies took place at the Field Experimental Station in 2019–2021. The researchers confirmed that the Central region of the Non-Black Earth zone of Russia remains a zone of risky agriculture. The article emphasizes that meteorological conditions substantially affect the formation of yields and grain quality. At the same time, the hydrothermal coefficient, calculated for the whole vegetational season,does not objectively assess the effect of meteorological conditions on the plants. This fact requires a detailed analysis of the meteorological conditions prevailing in each specific interstage. The vegetation conditions in 2020 contributed to the formation of a high grain yield of low baking quality in all the varieties studied. The vegetation conditions in 2019 and 2021 influenced the formation of the average grain yield. Grain quality was medium in 2019 and high in 2021. The most stable variety-specific properties were grain body, 1000 grains mass, and flour yield. The vitreousness of the grain and the volume yield of the bread turned out the most unstable properties in our studies. The researchers recommended varieties of high baking qualities (Gerakl, Ljubava, KVS Akvilon, Tyumenskaya 25, Ekada 109, and Sudarynya) as starting material in the selection of spring wheat of high baking qualities. Varieties Ivolga Fioletovaya and Kinel’skaya Otrada can form grain of advanced baking quality in dry conditions. They can be recommended for testing in areas with insufficient moisture.
SUSTAINABILITY OF WHITE CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM REPENS L.) IN SOWN SWARDS DEPENDING ON THEIR COMPOSITION, INTENSITY MOWING AND NITROGEN FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, LAZAREV N.N. , KUKHARENKOVA O.V. , KURENKOVA E.M. , BOYTSOVA A.YU.
Published: February 2022

The authors carried out studies at the experimental field station of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in 2008–2020. The study aimed to determine the resistance of white clover in mixtures with various types of grasses with two- and three-cut clipping treatments. In the experiment with four to five-component mixtures, the proportion of white clover reached 36–53% in the botanical composition of swards with the content of perennial ryegrass in the fourth year of life. It did not exceed 22–23% in the mixtures with cock’s foot. With the application of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N180, the clover content in the second year of swards was only 1–27%. With the aging of the swards, the proportion of clover in the harvest decreased. In the ninth year of life, its amount in swards with the content of perennial ryegrass without nitrogen application decreased to 13–24%, and in agrophytocenoses with cock’s foot and with nitrogen application to 0–14%. The cock’s foot dominated in the four-component grass mixtures, but during the overwintering of 2015–2016, cock’s foot and perennial ryegrass almost entirely dropped out of agrophytocenoses. Tall fescue was a more resistant species. The yield of grass mixtures composed of grass varieties of Russian selection amounted to 4.16–5.52 t/ha of dry weight on average for eight years, and from varieties of Dutch selection, the yield equaled 4.07–5.24 t/ha. There were no significant differences in yield between grass-legume mixtures based on perennial ryegrass and cock’s foot. With the introduction of nitrogen in a dose of N180 on grass/legume herbage, the yield increased by only 31%, and the return on fertilizers by yield increases was low, making up 4.6–8.9 kg of dry matter per 1 kg of nitrogen. The aftereffect of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of grass-legume mixtures without the additional introduction of phosphorus and potassium was insufficiently effective. In long-term three-component swards, used from the 14th to the 24th years of life, white clover was more stable in the composition of agrophytocenoses after three-fold mowing than with two-mowing. In years with favorable atmospheric moisture conditions, the proportion of white clover in two and three mows reached 20.1–34.7 and 2.2–24.3%, respectively, and with a moisture deficit, it decreased to 0–9%. For 26 years of growing grasses, there was a significant increase in soil acidity – pHKCl decreased from 6.3 to 4.91–5.36, which negatively affected the resistance of clover as the herbage was aging.
EFFECT OF MULTI-VARIANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF LONG-TERM HAYFIELDS ON BOTANICAL COMPOSITION AND QUALITY OF FEED
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, ZAPIVALOV S.A.
Published: February 2022

A significant part of bulky feed obtained from natural fodder lands is characterized by low quality due to the loss of valuable forage plants from herbage and non-observance of the terms and technologies of harvesting. Nutritional adjustment is an effective means of improving the composition of the herbage and the feed quality. To study the effect of various types and doses of fertilizers on the botanical composition and quality of forage for long-term hayfield at the FWRC FPA long-term field experiment has been conducted since 1947. For the 72–74th years, the use of hayfield without fertilizer application, with use of one- and two-component fertilizer and complete mineral fertilizer with a low dose of nitrogen, phytocenoses are formed with a predominance of short grasses, significant content of forbs and legumes (in technologies without the use of mineral nitrogen). The forage obtained from such grasslands meets the requirements of state standard specification for the first and second classes of hay of natural grasslands. Applying a complete mineral fertilizer with a nitrogen dose of N90–180, phytocenoses forms a predominance of high grasses. Considering the higher requirements of the standard for the hay of sown grasslands, the feed obtained from such grasslands mainly meets the second class’s requirements. In all management systems, the second cut provides a higher quality of forage, which is associated with an increase after mowing in the content of well-leafed shoots of grasses and legumes. The authors noted the effect of weather conditions on the quality of hay. In years with favorable moisture conditions, the efficiency of the applied fertilizers increases, and the quality of feed improves.
EVALUATION OF FODDER BEET PRODUCTIVITY UNDER THE EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, BORODINA E.S. , BONDAR V.I. , POSTNIKOV A.N. , PELIY A.F.
Published: February 2022

Intensification of agricultural production provides the development and introduction of new, progressive, and cost-effective practices, including plant growth regulators. The effect of various growth regulators on the productivity of fodder beet of the Eckendorf yellow variety type was studied in the conditions of the Central-Non-Chernozem region of the Russian Federation in an experimental field in the Kaluga branch of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in the period from 2019 to 2021. The studies found that the level of productivity of fodder beet under the action of various growth regulators relative to the control variant significantly increases during pre-sowing seed treatment on 5–10,9% and when using phytoregulators by vegetation on 4,8–11,5%. The most significant increase in productivity and the yield of absolutely dry substances of root crops were noted in an intensive version of the technology using growth regulators Biodux and Zircon. The yield range for three years with these regulators was in the range of 560–561 c/ha, the yield of ACB was 72,5–72,8 c/ha during seed etching, and 559–564 c/ha and the yield of ACB72,5–73,1 c/ha during foliar treatments. In general, the percentage increase in the content of absolutely dry matter of fodder beetroots relative to the control variant with the use of growth regulators was 0,24–0,25%, the increase in the yield of feed units for variants with pre-sowing use of growth regulators was 3–6,6 c/ha or 4,9–10,9%, with foliar application – 2,8–7 c/ha or 4,6–11,5%. Thus, the research work for 2019–2021 proved the effectiveness of modern growth regulators in the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation.
EFFECT OF CULTIVATION CONDITIONS ON THE GERMINATION/REGENERATION FREQUENCY OF MICROSPOROGENIC EMBRYOS BRASSICA OLERACEA L.
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, SINITSYNA A.A. , VISHNYAKOVA A.V. , ALEKSANDROVA A.A. , MONAKHOS S.G.
Published: February 2022

Most genotypes of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) have a low frequency of microspore-derived embryos germination and regeneration through adventitious shoots or secondary embryogenesis. Increasing the frequency of regeneration and the formation of seedlings can ensure the production of a large number of doubled haploids. This work studied the effects of gelling agents, such as agar (11 g/l), agargel (4.5 g/l), and phytagel (2 g/l), on the frequency of regeneration/germination of microspore-derived embryos of white cabbage (B. oleracea L.), as well as the effect of a cold incubation of kohlrabi cabbage embryos (B. oleracea var. gongylodes L.) at 5°C for 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days in complete darkness. The studies showed that when culturing embryos on regeneration medium B5 solidified with agar, the embryo germination and seedling regeneration were higher than those on media solidified with agargel and phytagel. No embryo germination but vitrification of embryo tissues was observed on media containing agargel and phytagel. Cold incubation of Kohlrabi cabbage embryos at 5°C for 3, 6 and 9 days in complete darkness twice increased the frequency of embryo germination compared to the control sample. More extended periods of cold incubation for 12 days in the dark, on the other hand, twice reduced the rate of direct embryo germination compared to the control sample, and for 15 days – 6 times.