bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The double-edged role of neutrophil extracellular traps in inflammation
Authors: Euler Maximilien , Hoffmann Markus H.
Published: November 2019

While there are numerous studies showing that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to autoimmune inflammation and cause bystander tissue injury, human individuals with genetic impairments in NET formation curiously often suffer from exacerbated autoimmune diseases and/or chronic inflammatory conditions. These findings are confirmed in some mouse models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and gouty arthritis, where an absence of neutrophils or impairment of NET formation leads to exacerbation of autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. Thus, aside from their role as archetypical pro-inflammatory cells, neutrophils in general, and NETs in particular, can also interrupt the self-amplifying loop of cell activation and cell recruitment that characterizes neutrophilic inflammation. Here, we review the current state-of-the-science regarding anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory action of NETs. We give an overview about the mechanistic involvement of NET-associated neutrophil serine proteases and suggest how tailored induction of NET formation could be exploited for the treatment of chronic autoinflammatory disorders.
Angiotensin II inhibits DDAH1–nNOS signaling via AT1R and μOR dimerization to modulate blood pressure control in the central nervous system
Authors: Sun Gwo-Ching , Wong Tzyy-Yue , Chen Hsin-Hung , Ho Chiu-Yi , Yeh Tung-Chen , Ho Wen-Yu , Tseng Ching-Jiunn , Cheng Pei-Wen
Published: November 2019

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important drug targets. Blocking angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor signaling alleviates hypertension and improves outcomes in patients with heart failure. Changes in structure and trafficking of GPCR, and desensitization of GPCR signaling induce pathophysiological processes. We investigated whether Ang II, via induction of AT1R and μ-opioid receptor (μOR) dimerization in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), leads to progressive hypertension. Ang II signaling increased μOR and adrenergic receptor α2A (α2A-AR) heterodimer levels and decreased expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2T202/Y204, ribosomal protein S6 kinaseT359/S363, and nNOSS1416 phosphorylation. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) expression was abolished in the NTS of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Endomorphin-2 was overexpressed in NTS of adult SHRs compared with that in 6-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Administration of μOR agonist into the NTS of WKY increased blood pressure (BP), decreased nitric oxide (NO) production, and decreased DDAH1 activity. μOR agonist significantly reduced the activity of DDAH1 and decreased neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) phosphorylation. The AT1R II inhibitor, losartan, significantly decreased BP and abolished AT1R-induced formation of AT1R and μOR, and α2A-AR and μOR, heterodimers. Losartan also significantly increased the levels of nNOSS1416 phosphorylation and DDAH1 expression. These results show that Ang II may induce expression of endomorphin-2 and abolished DDAH1 activity by enhancing the formation of AT1R and μOR heterodimers in the NTS, leading to progressive hypertension.
Sensitivity of transcription factors to DNA methylation
Authors: Héberlé Éléa , Bardet Anaïs Flore
Published: November 2019

Dynamic binding of transcription factors (TFs) to regulatory elements controls transcriptional states throughout organism development. Epigenetics modifications, such as DNA methylation mostly within cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs), have the potential to modulate TF binding to DNA. Although DNA methylation has long been thought to repress TF binding, a more recent model proposes that TF binding can also inhibit DNA methylation. Here, we review the possible scenarios by which DNA methylation and TF binding affect each other. Further in vivo experiments will be required to generalize these models.
Language Mapping in Aphasia
Authors: Wilson Stephen M. , Eriksson Dana K. , Yen Melodie , Demarco Andrew T. , Schneck Sarah M. , Lucanie Jillian M.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Recovery from aphasia is thought to depend on neural plasticity, that is, functional reorganization of surviving brain regions such that they take on new or expanded roles in language processing. To make progress in characterizing the nature of this process, we need feasible, reliable, and valid methods for identifying language regions of the brain in individuals with aphasia. This article reviews 3 recent studies from our lab in which we have developed and validated several novel functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigms for language mapping in aphasia.

Method

In the 1st study, we investigated the reliability and validity of 4 language mapping paradigms in neurologically normal older adults. In the 2nd study, we developed a novel adaptive semantic matching paradigm and assessed its feasibility, reliability, and validity in individuals with and without aphasia. In the 3rd study, we developed and evaluated 2 additional adaptive paradigms—rhyme judgment and syllable counting—for mapping phonological encoding regions.

Results

We found that the adaptive semantic matching paradigm could be performed by most individuals with aphasia and yielded reliable and valid maps of core perisylvian language regions in each individual participant. The psychometric properties of this paradigm were superior to those of other commonly used paradigms such as narrative comprehension and picture naming. The adaptive rhyme judgment paradigm was capable of identifying fronto-parietal phonological encoding regions in individual participants.

Conclusion

Adaptive language mapping paradigms offer a promising approach for future research on the neural basis of recovery from aphasia.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10257584
A Taxonomy of Brain–Behavior Relationships After Stroke
Authors: Turkeltaub Peter E.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Understanding the brain basis of language and cognitive outcomes is a major goal of aphasia research. Prior studies have not often considered the many ways that brain features can relate to behavioral outcomes or the mechanisms underlying these relationships. The purpose of this review article is to provide a new framework for understanding the ways that brain features may relate to language and cognitive outcomes from stroke.

Method

Brain–behavior relationships that may be important for aphasia outcomes are organized into a taxonomy, including features of the lesion and features of brain tissue spared by the lesion. Features of spared brain tissue are categorized into those that change after stroke and those that do not. Features that change are further subdivided, and multiple mechanisms of brain change after stroke are discussed.

Results

Features of the stroke, including size, location, and white matter damage, relate to many behavioral outcomes and likely account for most of the variance in outcomes. Features of the spared brain tissue that are unchanged by stroke, such as prior ischemic disease in the white matter, contribute to outcomes. Many different neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms may drive changes in the brain after stroke in association with behavioral recovery. Changes primarily driven by neurobiology are likely to occur in brain regions with a systematic relationship to the stroke distribution. Changes primarily driven by behavior are likely to occur in brain networks related to the behavior driving the change.

Conclusions

Organizing the various hypothesized brain–behavior relationships according to this framework and considering the mechanisms that drive these relationships may help investigators develop specific experimental designs and more complete statistical models to explain language and cognitive abilities after stroke. Eight main recommendations for future research are provided.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10257578
North Sea offshore grid development: combined optimisation of grid and generation investments towards 2050
Authors: Koivisto Matti , Gea‐Bermúdez Juan , Sørensen Poul
Published: November 2019

The North Sea region offers large amounts of investable offshore wind generation and several interconnection lines are located in the area, with more planned. Optimal transmission and generation investments are modelled in the region towards 2050. A project‐based scenario, where each offshore wind power plant is connected individually, is first analysed. Then, an integrated offshore grid is modelled to investigate the viability of connecting future transmission and offshore wind generation investments. These two scenarios are then compared. It is shown that going towards an integrated solution can increase offshore wind investments by several GWs, with Germany seeing the biggest difference between the two scenarios. It is shown that the integrated solution leads to overall cost minimisation and shows somewhat higher variable renewable energy generation by 2050 compared to the project‐based scenario.
AGN feedback in a galaxy merger: multi-phase, galaxy-scale outflows with a fast molecular gas blob ∼6 kpc away from IRAS F08572+3915
Authors: Herrera-Camus R. , Janssen A. , Sturm E. , Lutz D. , Veilleux S. , Davies R. , Shimizu T. , González-Alfonso E. , Rupke D. S. N. , Tacconi L. , Genzel R. , Cicone C. , Maiolino R. , Contursi A. , Graciá-Carpio J.
Published: November 2019

To understand the role that active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback plays in galaxy evolution, we need in-depth studies of the multi-phase structure and energetics of galaxy-wide outflows. In this work, we present new, deep (∼50 h) NOEMA CO(1-0) line observations of the molecular gas in the powerful outflow driven by the AGN in the ultra-luminous infrared galaxy IRAS F08572+3915. We spatially resolve the outflow, finding that its most likely configuration is a wide-angle bicone aligned with the kinematic major axis of the rotation disk. The molecular gas in the wind reaches velocities up to approximately ±1200 km s−1and transports nearly 20% of the molecular gas mass in the system. We detect a second outflow component located ∼6 kpc northwest from the galaxy moving away at ∼900 km s−1, which could be the result of a previous episode of AGN activity. The total mass and energetics of the outflow, which includes contributions from the ionized, neutral, and warm and cold molecular gas phases, is strongly dominated by the cold molecular gas. In fact, the molecular mass outflow rate is higher than the star formation rate, even if we only consider the gas in the outflow that is fast enough to escape the galaxy, which accounts for ∼40% of the total mass of the outflow. This results in an outflow depletion time for the molecular gas in the central ∼1.5 kpc region of only ∼3 Myr, a factor of ∼2 shorter than the depletion time by star formation activity.
Investigating the nature of the extended structure around the Herbig star RCrA using integral field and high-resolution spectroscopy
Authors: Rigliaco E. , Gratton R. , Mesa D. , D’Orazi V. , Bonnefoy M. , Alcalà J. M. , Antoniucci S. , Bacciotti F. , Dima M. , Nisini B. , Podio L. , Barbieri M. , Claudi R. , Desidera S. , Garufi A. , Hugot E. , Janson M. , Langlois M. , Rickman E. L. , Sissa E. , Ubeira Gabellini M. , van der Plas G. , Zurlo A. , Magnard Y. , Perret D. , Roelfsema R. , Weber L.
Published: November 2019

Context. We present a detailed analysis of the extended structure detected around the young and close-by Herbig Ae/Be star R CrA. This is a young triple system with an intermediate mass central binary whose separation is of the order of a few tens of the radii of the individual components, and an M-star companion at about 30 au.

Aims. Our aim is to understand the nature of the extended structure by means of combining integral-field and high-resolution spectroscopy.

Methods. We conducted the analysis based on FEROS archival optical spectroscopy data and adaptive optics images and integral-field spectra obtained with SINFONI and SPHERE at the VLT.

Results. The observations reveal a complex extended structure that is composed of at least two components: a non-uniform wide cavity whose walls are detected in continuum emission up to 400 au, and a collimated wiggling-jet detected in the emission lines of helium and hydrogen. Moreover, the presence of [Fe II] emission projected close to the cavity walls suggests the presence of a slower moving wind, most likely a disk wind. The multiple components of the optical forbidden lines also indicate the presence of a high-velocity jet co-existing with a slow wind. We constructed a geometrical model of the collimated jet flowing within the cavity using intensity and velocity maps, finding that its wiggling is consistent with the orbital period of the central binary. The cavity and the jet do not share the same position angle, suggesting that the jet is itself experiencing a precession motion possibly due to the wide M-dwarf companion.

Conclusions. We propose a scenario that closely agrees with the general expectation of a magneto-centrifugal-launched jet. These results build upon the extensive studies already conducted on R CrA.
γCas stars: Normal Be stars with discs impacted by the wind of a helium-star companion?
Authors: Langer N. , Baade D. , Bodensteiner J. , Greiner J. , Rivinius Th. , Martayan Ch. , Borre C. C.
Published: November 2019

γCas stars are a ∼1% minority among classical Be stars with hard (≥5−10 keV), but only moderately strong continuous thermal X-ray flux, and mostly very early-B spectral type. The X-ray flux has been suggested to originate from matter accelerated via magnetic disc-star interaction, by a rapidly rotating neutron star (NS) companion via the propeller effect, or by accretion onto a white dwarf (WD) companion. In view of the growing number of identifiedγCas stars and the only imperfect matches between these suggestions and the observations, alternative models should be pursued. Two of the three best-observedγCas stars,γCasitself andπAqr, have a low-mass companion with low optical flux, whereas interferometry ofBZ Cruis inconclusive. Binary-evolution models are examined for their ability to produce such systems. The OB+He-star stage of post-mass transfer binaries, which is otherwise observationally unaccounted, can potentially reproduce many observed properties ofγCas stars. The interaction of the fast wind of helium stars with the circumstellar disc and/or with the wind of Be stars may give rise to the production of hard X-rays. While not modelling this process, it is shown that the energy budget is favourable, and that the wind velocities may lead to hard X-rays, as observed inγCas stars. Furthermore, the observed number of these objects appears to be consistent with the evolutionary models. Within the Be+He-star binary model, the Be stars inγ-Cas stars are conventional classical Be stars. They are encompassed by O-star+Wolf-Rayet systems towards higher mass, where no stable Be decretion discs exist, and by Be+sdO systems at lower mass, where the sdO winds may be too weak to cause theγCas phenomenon. In decreasing order of the helium-star mass, the descendants could be Be+black-hole, Be+NS, or Be+WD binaries. The interaction between the helium-star wind and the disc may provide new diagnostics of the outer disc.
Searching for further evidence for cloud–cloud collisions in L1188
Authors: Gong Y. , Tang X. D. , Henkel C. , Menten K. M. , Mao R. Q. , Wang Y. , Lee M.-Y. , Zhu W. S. , Lin Y. , Zhang S. B. , Chen X. P. , Yang W. J.
Published: November 2019

In order to search for further observational evidence of cloud–cloud collisions in one of the promising candidates, L1188, we carried out observations of multiple molecular lines toward the intersection region of the two nearly orthogonal filamentary molecular clouds in L1188. Based on these observations, we find two parallel filamentary structures, both of which have at least two velocity components being connected with broad bridging features. We also found a spatially complementary distribution between the two molecular clouds, as well as enhanced13CO emission and12CO self-absorption toward their abutting regions. At the most blueshifted velocities, we unveil a 1 pc-long arc ubiquitously showing12CO line wings. We discover two 22 GHz water masers, which are the first maser detections in L1188. An analysis of line ratios at a linear resolution of 0.2 pc suggests that L1188 is characterised by kinetic temperatures of 13–23 K and H2number densities of 103–103.6cm−3. On the basis of previous theoretical predictions and simulations, we suggest that these observational features can be naturally explained by the scenario of a cloud–cloud collision in L1188, although an additional contribution of stellar feedback from low-mass young stellar objects cannot be ruled out.
The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] survey: Star-formation-driven outflows and circumgalactic enrichment in the early Universe
Authors: Ginolfi M. , Jones G. C. , Béthermin M. , Fudamoto Y. , Loiacono F. , Fujimoto S. , Le Févre O. , Faisst A. , Schaerer D. , Cassata P. , Silverman J. D. , Yan L. , Capak P. , Bardelli S. , Boquien M. , Carraro R. , Dessauges-Zavadsky M. , Giavalisco M. , Gruppioni C. , Ibar E. , Khusanova Y. , Lemaux B. C. , Maiolino R. , Narayanan D. , Oesch P. , Pozzi F. , Rodighiero G. , Talia M. , Toft S. , Vallini L. , Vergani D. , Zamorani G.
Published: November 2019

We study the efficiency of galactic feedback in the early Universe by stacking the [C II] 158μm emission in a large sample of normal star-forming galaxies at 4 <  z <  6 from the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [C II] at Early times (ALPINE) survey. Searching for typical signatures of outflows in the high-velocity tails of the stacked [C II] profile, we observe (i) deviations from a single-component Gaussian model in the combined residuals and (ii) broad emission in the stacked [C II] spectrum, with velocities of |v|≲500 km s−1. The significance of these features increases when stacking the subset of galaxies with star formation rates (SFRs) higher than the median (SFRmed = 25M⊙yr−1), thus confirming their star-formation-driven nature. The estimated mass outflow rates are comparable to the SFRs, yielding mass-loading factors of the order of unity (similarly to local star-forming galaxies), suggesting that star-formation-driven feedback may play a lesser role in quenching galaxies atz >  4. From the stacking analysis of the datacubes, we find that the combined [C II] core emission (|v|< 200 km s−1) of the higher-SFR galaxies is extended on physical sizes of ∼30 kpc (diameter scale), well beyond the analogous [C II] core emission of lower-SFR galaxies and the stacked far-infrared continuum. The detection of such extended metal-enriched gas, likely tracing circumgalactic gas enriched by past outflows, corroborates previous similar studies, confirming that baryon cycle and gas exchanges with the circumgalactic medium are at work in normal star-forming galaxies already at early epochs.
Detection of a high-redshift molecular outflow in a primeval hyperstarburst galaxy
Authors: Jones G. C. , Maiolino R. , Caselli P. , Carniani S.
Published: November 2019

We report the discovery of a high-redshift, massive molecular outflow in the starburst galaxy SPT 0346-52 (z = 5.656) via the detected absorption of high-excitation water transitions (H2O 42,3 − 41,4and H2O 33,0 − 32,1) with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The host galaxy is one of the most powerful starburst galaxies at high redshift (star formation rate; SFR ∼3600 M⊙year−1), with an extremely compact (∼320 pc) star formation region and a SFR surface density (ΣSFR ∼ 5500 M⊙year−1kpc−2) five times higher than “maximum” (i.e. Eddington-limited) starbursts, implying a highly transient phase. The estimated outflow rate is ∼500 M⊙year−1, which is much lower than the SFR, implying that in this extreme starburst the outflow capabilities saturate and the outflow is no longer capable of regulating star formation, resulting in a runaway process in which star formation will use up all available gas in less than 30 Myr. Finally, while previous kinematic investigations of this source revealed possible evidence for an ongoing major merger, the coincidence of the hyper-compact starburst and high-excitation water absorption indicates that this is a single starburst galaxy surrounded by a disc.
Structure and level of investment expenditures and the work efficiency in agricultural activities in the Małopolskie province
Authors: Grotkiewicz Katarzyna , Ivanovs Semjons
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study was to determine the scale and importance of the investments in technical production inputs in the form of replacement value of the machine park, made in agricultural activities with regard to improvement of their productivity. The study was carried with regard to the period between 2011-2016. The scope of the thesis referred to 30 individual farms located within the territory of the Małopolskie province. The studies carried out proved a positive impact of the investment expenditures with regard to the replacement value of the machine park on the increase in work efficiency in agriculture.
A system for the control and recording of physical parameters inside a chamber for UV-C irradiating of biological material
Authors: Jakubowski Tomasz
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a system for the control and recording of physical parameters inside a chamber for UV-C irradiating of biological material. The system was based on the HOBO U23-002 temperature and humidity recorder equipped with an integrated external probe, BASE-U-4 optical reader for programming and reading data from HOBO U series recorders, LIGHT METER radiation meter UVC-254 model equipped with a photodiode probe (LP UV-C 01) with a sensitivity of 0.19 μW.cm-2 and sampling time 0.4 s, HOBOware Lite software (for archiving temperature and relative humidity measurement results) with a PC, RS-232 serial interface and dedicated software (SWU-801 LUTRON and SW-U101-WIN) enabling interaction with the meter (for archiving UV-C radiation measurements) and a PC. The operation of the system was tested in real operating conditions of the chamber, by irradiating potato tubers of Innovator variety at different settings of the UV-C radiator. The data obtained was analysed against the significance level assumed of α = 0.05. Significant influence of the qualitative predictors on the dependent variables examined was shown.
Robust optimization in production engineering – methods and application
Authors: Knapczyk Adrian , Francik Sławomir , Jewiarz Marcin , Mudryk Krzysztof , Wróbel Marek
Published: November 2019

Methods that use robust optimization are aimed at finding robustness to decision uncertainty. Uncertainty may affect the input parameters (problem) and the final solution. Robust optimization is applicable in many areas, such as: operational research, IT, energy, production engineering and others. The aim of the work was to indicate the main methods and examples of applications of robust optimization in the area of production engineering. Documents (articles and proceedings paper) indexed in the Web of Science - Core Collection database (WoSCC) from 2014-2018 were used for analysis. The search has been limited to the WoS-CC category: Engineering Industrial and Engineering Manufacturing. The main areas of application were: the scheduling of projects and tasks, production planning, and risk management. The most common methods were: linear programming, evolutionary algorithms, mixed integer programming, dynamic programming and many others.
Digital mind maps in teaching materials science at the university level
Authors: Krzywicka Monika , Grudziński Jerzy
Published: November 2019

Mind maps increase attractiveness of classes and motivation of students to create their own associations and stimulate them to expand the knowledge acquired during the course. The aim of the work was to review information technology (IT) tools for building digital mind maps in terms of their use for teaching materials at the university level and to examine students’ opinions on their use as a tool to support the acquisition of knowledge. The results of questionnaire surveys among university students from two different non-technical majors confirmed research hypotheses about the increase in student acceptance for introducing new educational techniques.
Application of the OEE index in assessing the efficiency of vehicle use
Authors: Kuboń Maciej , Kaczmar Ireneusz , Kocira Sławomir
Published: November 2019

Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is a Key Performance Indicator (KPI), which describes the efficiency of using technical resources. The index allows improving the efficiency of the production process, and also reflects the potential of the unused production capacity. In the presented case, new possibilities were proposed for the application of this model in public transport. First, the theoretical foundations of machine reliability, as well as the principles of comprehensive maintenance were presented. This discussion presents how to implement the OEE index to assess the effectiveness of vehicle use in a public transport company. Weaknesses were identified in the use of vehicles and changes were proposed to improve the OEE index.
Approaches and typology to be applied for building information models verification
Authors: Makisha Elena
Published: November 2019

Experts from different countries are engaged in the study and development of verification systems of information models of construction projects. Nevertheless a problem of systematization and structuring of information on the types of inspections that the information model of the construction object can be subjected to still exist. In this article the author proposes a possible version of the classification of information model verification types using the faceted method, which determines the potential extensibility of this classification. The facet classification method involves the parallel division of a set of objects into independent classification groupings. It does not assume a rigid classification structure and preconstructed finite groupings. Classification groupings are formed by combining values taken from the corresponding facets. The article gives a detailed description of facets that may be applied.
The concept of a construction solution of a robot for harvesting strawberries
Authors: Nawara Piotr , Pedryc Norbert , Sobol Zygmunt , Kurpaska Sławomir , Baran Dariusz
Published: November 2019

Strawberry fruit products are of high commercial and consumption value, while difficult to harvest due to their very low mechanical strength and difficulties in identifying them within the plants. Therefore, robots harvesting strawberries should connect four subsystems: vision of detection, delivery arm (manipulator), effector (harvesting head), and finally- a platform increasing the working space adapted to the size of the farm. The presented work of the conceptual working section of a combine for harvesting strawberry fruit from crops, carried out in rows or cultivation ridge, from cultivation on field and/ or under covers will meet the requirements for: work productivity, quality of harvested fruit, reduction of the amount of pollution. To requirements have been met, the developed concept of constructions adopted the principle of operation during the first phase of the harvesting (in the natural distribution of fruit within the plants of strawberries) and the working of the work arm head (based on image analysis, initially general, and in the last phase of detailed) maneuvering in surrounded by harvested fruit and machine.
Mathematical simulation of separating work tool technological process
Authors: Tabor Sylwester , Lezhenkin Aleksandr , Halko Serhii , Miroshnyk Aleksandr , Kovalyshyn Stepan , Vershkov Aleksandr , Hryhorenko Olena
Published: November 2019

The article describes the technological process of separation of the heaped-off pile of wheat. A mathematical model in the form of regression equations was obtained based on a full-factor experiment. Using the methods of mathematical analysis, the regression equations were investigated for the highest and lowest values. The values of the factors were obtained, for which the response function has the highest values, then the response surfaces were constructed and analyzed.
Artificial neural networks and computer image analysis in the evaluation of selected quality parameters of pea seeds
Authors: Szwedziak Katarzyna
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was to develop an innovative method of modelling the process of evaluating the quality of agricultural crops on the basis of computer image analysis and artificial neural networks (ANN). It was therefore assumed that on the basis of the prepared application for processing and analysing the acquired digital images, based on the RGB colour recognition model, a quick and good method of assessing the quality of products would be obtained. An experiment was conducted on the evaluation of selected parameters of pea seeds quality using computer image analysis and the obtained results were verified by artificial neural networks using the geostatic function.
Application of the CIE L*a*b* method for the evaluation of the colour of fried products from potato tubers exposed to C band ultraviolet light
Authors: Nawara Piotr , Jakubowski Tomasz , Sobol Zygmunt
Published: November 2019

Colour evaluation, using its numerous parameters, is applied to assess qualitative changes of products resulting from the use of specific technological treatment. The study investigates the possibility of using the CIE L*a*b* method to determine selected colour coefficients of fried potato products. Statistical analysis of the results was performed at the assumed significance level of α = 0.05. It was demonstrated that the method proposed (CIE L*a*b*) is effective in evaluating the colour of French fries modified with the use of raw material exposed to ultraviolet radiation in the C band.
Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR) in mapping soil temperature and humidity
Authors: Sikora Jakub , Gliniak Maciej , Sadowska Urszula , Klimek-Kopyra Agnieszka , Latawiec Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

The article presents the possibilities of using time-domain reflectometry (TDR) to determine the temperature and moisture content of mineral soil. The TDR method is based on measuring the time of an electromagnetic impulse’s flow between the source and the obstacle. The reflected signal contains information about the dielectric properties of the tested material, allowing to determine the qualitative and quantitative properties of the material. The tests in question were carried out using a mobile reflectometric device as an electronic temperature and humidity meter. On the basis of the obtained results, the usefulness of reflectometric methods in the study of the temperature and moisture content of mineral soil was determined.
Dialogue as a technology for initiating sense-formation in the practice of the educational process of higher education
Authors: Kagermazova Laura , Masaeva Zarema , Kalmanova Tsiala
Published: November 2019

The analysis of modern psychological and pedagogical studies of dialogue as a technology for initiating meaning in the educational process of higher education, as well as the psychological components of dialogue, its didactic content in the meaning of students. Moreover, the dialogue functions in the process of the created semantic field, which forms the intentional, value-semantic, affective components of the student’s personality, which allows us to consider dialogue as a true source of actualization of personal potentials in the educational process. Semantic didactics gives a metaphorical definition of dialogue as a “tool of thinking”, which encourages the search for psychological characteristics, patterns as the basic foundations of meaning formation that arise in a situation of revealing meaning. The analysis of theoretical studies of the dialogue problem as a meaning-generating technology resulted in the conceptualization of dialogue types in the practice of the educational process, taking into account the didactic tools of pedagogical communication, which in turn makes it possible to form innovative categories in the psychological and pedagogical direction - semantic didactics.
Gurdjieff’s anthropology: the concept of conscious human evolution
Authors: Grekov Igor
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of the article is the disclosure of the ideas of Gurdzhiyev’s anthropological doctrine in which the possibility of spiritual transformation of the person and his conscious evolution are emphasized. The author claims that in the conditions of dissociation of approaches and positions in the anthropological thought there is a need of appeal to the anthroposophic systems designed to fill onesidedness of such directions as psychoanalysis (in many respects absolutizing a role of unconscious processes), the behaviorism (concentrating on behavioral aspect of human existence), the existentialism (emphasizing hopelessness “abandonment of life in the world”). According to the author one of such systems is Gurdzhiyev’s system of conscious evolution of the person, the so-called “The Fourth Way” which is eligible for the status of the translater of the experience of Gnostic tradition in the 20th century.
Subjective determinants of social activity of the student youth
Authors: Arendachuk Irina
Published: November 2019

The article contains the analysis of peculiarities of social activity of students at different levels of professional education, aimed at the identification of typical spheres of its manifestation and subjective determinants. The sample contained 138 college and university students aged from 17 to 25 (Saratov Region, Russia). The questionnaire helped to explore forms of social activity and related spheres of life. In order to study subjective characteristics we used: the questionnaire for studying the structure of subjectivity (E. N. Volkova, I. A. Seregina), ’’Level of personal subjectivity development’’ technique (M. A. Shchukina), personality self-determination test (B. Sheldon, modified by E. N. Osin). It has been shown that the most typical spheres of social activity manifestation among the student youth are leisure, virtual, and educational spheres of life. College students’ subjective determination of social activity was not revealed; its predictors among bachelor’s students are level characteristics of subjectivity development ’’mediation–immediacy’’ and personality’s self-determination markers ’’autonomy’’ and ’’self-expression’’, while level characteristics among master’s students are ’’creativity–mediocrity’’, ’’autonomy–dependency’’, ’’integrity–non-integrability’’, and ’’self-development’’. The higher the level of professional education received by students, the less pronounced is their social activity, which is becoming more and more determined by personal subjective characteristics.
Detection of contradictions by linguistically gifted younger students: features of frustration and creativity
Authors: Belousova Alla , Mochalova Yulia , Kevereski Ljupco , Block Olga
Published: November 2019

The article presents an analysis of the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the ability to detect contradictions by younger students and the role of frustration and creativity in this process. Two groups of school children took part in the study: from a specialized English school that were identified as linguistically gifted (27 people, Rostov-on-Don), and from a municipal comprehensive school (27 people, Novocherkassk). In the study the following methods were used: V.E. Klochko aimed at determining the ability to detect contradictions, a brief test of creativity of E.P. Torrens and a children’s version of the Rosenzweig technique. The study obtained results demonstrating among linguistically gifted elementary school students: higher results in the development of the ability to detect contradictions, as well as the presence of pronounced differences in the development of measures of individual adaptation to their social environment (OSK), the dominance of self-protective reactions (ED), impunitive (M) and extrapunitive (E). A correlated interrelation was found between the ability to detect contradictions, originality, directionality of frustration reactions (M), (I) and the degree of social adaptation (GCR).
Perception and translation of advertising meanings: students ’ attitudes
Authors: Belousova Ekaterina , Stosic Lazar
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study presented in the article is an empirical study of semantic attitudes and life meanings of students in the perception of advertising posters. Advertising influence is considered as a process of translation of meanings concentrated in advertising posters. The study sample consisted of 60 students from two universities (Rostov-on-don, Russia). To determine the expression of vital meanings we used the technique of life values Kotlyakov, V. Y. (Y. V. Kotlyakov, 2003), to studies of advertising posters we applied the method of expert evaluations. The results were processed by methods of mathematical statistics: descriptive statistics; nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H-test for comparison of several independent samples, Spearman rank correlation coefficient. It was shown that in the process of translation of meanings in advertising posters there is an actualization of semantic installations of students. In a sample of students we recorded a tendency to evaluate advertising posters in accordance with the dominant meanings of life. It is shown that there is a relationship between the dominant life meanings of students and their estimates of advertising posters.
Research of psychological support of the personality of the senior preschool child and his readiness for school in the conditions of transitive society
Authors: Bostanova Svetlana , Semenova Faizura , Akbaeva Dianna
Published: November 2019

This article describes the psychological support as a scientific category; analyzes different approaches to the study of psychological support patterns supporting verbal and nonverbal interaction plan affecting the efficiency of psychological support of the individual, highlighted the constructive changes facility wide the influence of psychological support on developing personality. It is proved that in a transitive society psychological support will help the child to adapt to rapidly changing factors of environmental development, to a new type of activity, to new social roles. In practical terms, psychological support can be applied using specific, both individual and group psychological methods with components of modern exercises and psychotechnics. Here the developing subject needs the support of a competent partner in the event community. This article describes the supporting forms, means, methods, techniques that can be used by teachers and educators at the stage of adaptation of first-graders to school.
Professionalization of creative thinking of doctors
Authors: Kashapov Mergalyas
Published: November 2019

The article deals with professionalization peculiarities of creative thinking of doctors depending on their qualification level. Thus, doctors of the highest rank have higher rate of creative attitude towards their trade, doctors of the first rank show high intuition level, whereas doctors without any rank have high imagination. Doctors without any qualifying rank tend to have various components of creative reserve, such as imagination and curiosity. The interrelation between doctors’ creative ability level and certain creativity manifestations. The high creativity level among doctors without any rank is due to high level of creative thinking. For doctors of the second rank, it is connected with the high level of imagination, and for doctors of the highest rank, it is due to the high originality level. Proof has been obtained that creative thinking and active doctors do not complain about their patients, because they create a certain meaningful field, providing for productive mutual understanding. One criterion of a gifted doctor is the efficiency of his medical activity, which is closely connected to the clinical thinking as an efficient psychic process. Discovering the unknown, due to this cognitive process, gives birth to important professional and personality formations.
Psychological approach to foreign language teaching
Authors: Koshel Tatyana , Manuylova Natalya , Revyakina Nadezhda , Sakharova Elena
Published: November 2019

This article deals with psychological mechanisms in professionally-oriented approach to learning foreign languages in non-linguistic faculties of universities. This approach is very actual as it develops students’ ability to speak foreign languages in specific professional, business, academic fields and situations, taking into account the characteristics of professional thinking. Psychological approach to foreign language teaching must be closely connected with culture oriented method as the leading one and recognized as a priority in the focus of the education renewal. In the article it is proved that cultural background is of great importance. A dry language course can teach the learners to say what is correct and acceptable only. But the learners also need to know what is appropriate for the target society and what is not. This can only be achieved if they learn about psychology, culture and traditions while learning foreign language. Methods: Mind – maps, pie charts, dramatization, projects, role-playing to decide on which aspects of the culture the learners mostly need to learn about. The most important aspects of the English culture are defined and put into order of importance. Conclusions and Recommendations: suggesting ways of integrating psychology culture into the foreign language syllabus.
Social interest as an antidote to suicide: the cross-cultural applicability of an Adlerian solution
Authors: Bluvshtein Marina , Filatov Filipp , Kajino Makoto , Jackson Antoine
Published: November 2019

The article examines the applicability of an Adlerian view of suicide as sabotaged social interest to clients in a contemporary multicultural context. The approach examined here also focuses on common human factors in suicide and common useful approaches to working with people and communities affected by suicide. AdlerТs theory of suicide as sabotaged social interest was conceived and developed in the early 20th century, during a time of global political crises, economic chaos, and social unsettledness. Sadly, this makes this theory particularly applicable to the first two decades of the 21st century as well.
Inclusive culture of kindergarten, school, college and university teachers
Authors: Denisova Olga , Lekhanova Olga , Ponikarova Valentina , Gudina Tatyana
Published: November 2019

Inclusive culture of teachers is one of the conditions for the successful inclusion of students with disabilities in the educational organization space. The authors identified 15 indicators characterizing the value, motivation and experience of teachers in the field of educational inclusion. Diagnostic results of inclusive culture of Vologda region are presented in the paper. The study shows that 63% of 1,100 teachers surveyed have a critical level of inclusive culture. As a result of the comparative analysis, it was determined that kindergarten and university teachers have a higher level of inclusive culture. In general, those teachers who have already had positive experience in social or educational inclusion are most interested in developing their competencies. The most active and highly motivated turned out to be those teachers who, in their personal experience, have had the opportunity to interact with the disabled and help people with disabilities to be included in society, education and life. Teachers with a developed inclusive culture, comprising 1/23 of the 1,100 respondents surveyed, are characterized by the values and norms of inclusion, willingness to interact with the disabled, awareness of the necessity to acquire new knowledge and skills, social responsibility for the results of inclusion.
Tolerance and inclusive competence as the main components of an inclusive culture
Authors: Lisovskaya Tatyana , Zhuk Tatyana
Published: November 2019

The article raises the problems of the formation of an inclusive culture of teachers working with intellectually disabled children in centers of social and professional rehabilitation for the people with special psychophysical development needs (hereinafter referred to as the SPDN). Two components of an inclusive culture are presented: tolerance and inclusive competence. The mechanism of professional and social rehabilitation of people with intellectual disabilities is shown on the example of Brest region of the Republic of Belarus.
The resources of an inclusive educational environment in the development of thinking of primary students with psychical developmental delay
Authors: Solovieva Olga , Borozinets Natalia , Palieva Nadezhda , Kozlovskaya Galina
Published: November 2019

This article describes the problem of studying the resources of an inclusive educational environment in the development of thinking of primary students with psychical developmental delay. A brief analytical review of the degree of development of this problem is presented. The characteristic of the specific development of the mental activity of primary students with psychical developmental delay is disclosed. A program is proposed for the purposeful development of thinking of children with psychical developmental delay; the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the effectiveness of this process in an inclusive educational environment are identified.
Analysis of public inquiry in the preambles of the constitutions of post-Soviet states using language markers
Authors: Linkin Victor , Alekseeva Marina , Rybak Svetlana , Filimonova Elena
Published: November 2019

Based on the integrated use of comparative, statistical and hermeneutic research methods, in order to obtain a synergistic effect, the authors study the preambles of the constitutions of the newly formed states of the post-Soviet period. The authors propose an assessment of the content of the Preamble of Constitutions as the primary source of public inquiries, reflecting on the features of state policy, a concentrate of goals and objectives set by the society and the state. A variety of methodological tools will reveal the object of research from unexpected sides, to reveal the entirety of the phenomenon under consideration. In this study, comparative, statistical, and hermeneutic methods which are quite common in the humanities will be applied. The above-mentioned methods will be used in cooperation in order to obtain a synergistic effect. The results, expressed in the frequency of use of identical public queries, will be further included in the Google Books Ngram Viewer program, which analyzes the frequency of use of language units based on the Russian-language sources introduced in it from the 18th century to the present day and numbering 8 million editions.