bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telerehabilitation of post-stroke patients: current trends in the Russian healthcare system
Authors:   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Nikolaev V. A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Published: January 2023

With age, the risk of stroke increases significantly, but at the same time, there are tendencies for an increase in its prevalence in young and middle-aged people, which determines the urgency of the problem of rehabilitation treatment after stroke both in the world and in Russia. The use of digital technologies in neurorehabilitation can be very multifaceted and extensive. Telerehabilitation as an innovative direction of telemedicine is an important aspect within the framework of the national project «Healthcare» and the program «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation». P u r p o s e of the study is to analysis of the Russian experience of organizing and conducting telerehabilitation of post-stroke period in the context of the digital transformation of the healthcare system in Russia. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The article used technologies for searching and selecting information using search engines (www.google.ru, www.yandex.ru), specialized and bibliographic databases (PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU), methods of analysis and synthesis, analytical data processing. R e s u l t s . The study showed that telerehabilitation has a high clinical value of adherence to the treatment of patients of post-stroke period and is not a separate type of medical activity, but an innovative therapeutic and prophylactic method that expands the possibilities of therapy and improves the process of interaction in the «doctor-patient» and «doctor-doctor» communication systems. This technology of restorative telemedicine makes it possible to increase the level of scientific knowledge, skills and abilities of healthcare organizers and medical workers in order to strengthen the national healthcare system of Russia, as well as to rationally use the scientific and practical potential of digital solutions in interdisciplinary interaction of specialists dealing with medical neurorehabilitation, significantly expanding the coverage of the population telerehabilitation services after a stroke. F i n d i n g s . Despite the positive experience of some medical organizations in Russia in the use of telerehabilitation, this direction is still in its infancy and is likely to develop in the coming years for the rehabilitation of many stroke patients, which will help healthcare organizers, doctors and patients and other interdisciplinary specialists effectively and interact seamlessly in the digital health ecosystem in the context of the development of patient-centered medicine.
Assessment of time spent by patients when visiting a medical organization
Authors:   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Senenko A.Sh. , Savchenko E. D. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Shelgunov V. A. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The satisfaction of the population with medical care is considered today as one of the most important indicators of the health care system. At the same time, more and more attention is being paid to the time spent by patients in a medical organization when receiving outpatient care, as a factor affecting satisfaction with medical care in general. P u r p o s e of the study is to determine the opinion of patients about their time costs when visiting a medical organization that provides outpatient care. M a t e r i a l a n d m e t h o d s . The process of a patient’s referral to a polyclinic, a questionnaire for patients posted on the Internet on an open electronic resource Online Test Pad. The number of questionnaires is 509. Methods: analytical, sociological, descriptive statistics. R e s u l t s . During the surveys, respondents subjectively assess the time spent on various actions: communication at the reception desk, searching for an office, waiting for an appointment, etc., as well as the total time spent in a medical organization. In addition, the appearance at the polyclinic may be preceded by an appointment, which also takes time. Respondents were asked to estimate the total time spent in the polyclinic, as well as the time they are willing to devote to visiting it. The respondents’ assessment of the time spent shows significant time reserves: in the organization of an appointment and the work of the registry (clarifications, obtaining background information, obtaining coupons), navigation and, possibly, in the location of offices, in the organization of space in waiting areas. C o n c l u s i o n s . A tool for assessing the time spent by patients to receive care in a medical organization providing outpatient care has been developed and tested. There are significant differences in the length of time spent on making an appointment, including by phone and via the Internet. Significant reserves have been identified to reduce the total time required to visit the polyclinic. The developed tool is characterized by a short filling time, contains simple questions and allows you to quickly identify areas of necessary improvements.
Assessment of preventable health losses in the rural population
Authors:   Federal Scientific State Budgetary Institution «N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health», Kalininskaya A. A. , Bayanova N.A. ,   FGBOU “Orenburg state medical University” of the Ministry of health of Russia, Kizeev M. V. ,   Federal Scientific State Budgetary Institution «N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health», Balzamova L. A. ,   IPO SBEI “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The protection of the health of the rural population is especially significant due to the fact that medical and social health problems are maximally concentrated in rural areas. The priorities in the organization of medical care for rural residents are currently the effective use of available health care resources, as well as increasing the availability and quality of medical care. The tasks of the federal and municipal authorities should be to provide software support, resources, as well as the practical solution of strategic problems in rural areas. The purpose of the study: development and testing of an automated system of information support for managerial decision-making using estimates of preventable losses in the health of the population of rural areas. The base of the study was the Orenburg region. The share of the rural population in the region is 40.1%, there are 35 rural territories (districts) in the region. Methodology. The following research methods were used: statistical, analytical, expert assessments. The preventable loss of health of the population of rural areas in the Orenburg region was assessed by experts according to the methodology developed by us. Four indicators of the likely preventability of health losses in the rural population were identified: health indicators; territorial availability of medical care; personnel; social well-being of the population. The results of the study were used as the basis for the methodological support of an automated information system for supporting managerial decision-making in the organization of primary health care in rural areas of the Orenburg region. The use of a software product of information support for managerial decision-making makes it possible to determine priorities for making strategic decisions at the level of heads of medical organizations, health authorities and institutions, as well as heads of administration in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The information is presented on the web page of the administrative territory and the administrative apparatus.
Features of the state of health of students during their training, including in the conditions of COVID‑19
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Gureev S. A. , Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: January 2023

Purpose: to assess the characteristics of the health status of students in the conditions of education during the pandemic period – 2020–2021. The analysis of the data obtained will form the basis of the developed medical recommendations, organizational measures aimed at maintaining the health of students, including various periods of increased infectious risks. Materials and methods: Medical and sociological research was conducted among students of one of the Institutes of the Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art). The continuous sample of students was 505 people. In the course of the study, socio-hygienic, clinical, statistical, and analytical methods were used. Results: It was revealed that in the process of teaching student youth, an increase in the number of people with chronic diseases is determined; diseases of the nervous system, organs of the digestive system, ENT organs and the cardiovascular system prevailed in the structure of chronic diseases of students. Findings: It was found that there is no difference between the number of patients with coronovirus infection among students who do not have chronic diseases and among those who have chronic pathology. Among students with chronic diseases and recovering from Covid‑19, the most common were people with chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, and people who often get colds (4 or more times a year). Studying the state of health of students is important, both from the point of view of its comprehensive assessment, and from the standpoint of analyzing subsequent dynamic changes, which makes it possible to identify trends in changes in health in the dynamics of education, as well as to introduce appropriate medical and social adjustments.
Control (Supervision) without interaction with a controlled person, as a new form of control over the provision of paid medical services: what the heads of medical organizations need to know
Authors:   Expert on the issues of regulatory and legal regulation of health care activities, Piven D. V. , Kitsul I. S. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – the branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ivanov I. V. ,   FSBI «National Quality Institute» of Roszdravnadzor.
Published: January 2023

Currently, Roszdravnadzor and Rospotrebnadzor in the established areas of state control (supervision) over the provision of paid medical services are entitled to exercise control (supervision) without interaction with a controlled person, in which the following are carried out: monitoring compliance with mandatory requirements and on-site follow-up. Due to the fact that control (supervisory) measures without interaction with the controlled person are implemented without prior notification of the controlled persons, the conduct of these measures by the supervisory authorities is likely to entail an increase in the number of unscheduled inspections of medical organizations, including control procurement. The emergence of a new type of control (supervisory) measures without interaction with a controlled person is one of the significant factors that increase the responsibility of medical organizations in terms of compliance with the requirements established by law for the procedure and conditions for the provision of paid medical services.
Global social challenges in infertility problems
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Tliashinova I. A. , Mingazov R. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: January 2023

The problem of infertility remains a global problem of mankind according to WHO and today, infertility affects about 10–25% of couples of reproductive age worldwide, estimates vary from 48 to 186 million. When developing recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of infertility in 2020, WHO did not revise the definition of infertility given in 2009, together with the International Monitoring Committee on Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) in the “Glossary of Definitions of Infertility and Treatment of Infertility”, where infertility is considered a disease reproductive system, defined as the inability to achieve clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected intercourse. The same is the definition of male and female infertility in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD11). Higher rates of infertility are found in less developed countries/regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, North Africa/Middle East, Central/Eastern Europe and Central Asia. At the same time, the researchers note that geographical differences in the level of infertility are associated with environmental, cultural and social factors. The etiology of infertility has different epidemiological characteristics depending on the region. Purpose: to review foreign scientific literature containing information on the prevalence of infertility in countries around the world, the role of social factors in its formation, and the availability of treatment assistance. Materials and methods: bibliographic, information-analytical methods and methods of comparative analysis. Results: in modern research in the field of studying the social factors of childlessness, special attention is paid to the description and clustering of groups of childless women. The global problem of infertility is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes, financial hardship, severe social stigma, increased risk of domestic violence, and marital instability. It has been shown that women with less than secondary education are less likely to seek help for infertility treatment than women with higher education. In high-income countries, immigrant women, uninsured women are less likely to have access to fertility treatment, and they are less informed about their rights, even if they seek treatment at a later age. Findings. Geographic differences in the prevalence of infertility in different countries are largely determined by social factors. The study of social factors of infertility in women showed that infertility is associated with a low quality of life. Although the likelihood of infertility in men and women is the same, and male infertility is responsible for more than half of all childlessness in the world, infertility remains primarily a social burden for women, especially in pronatalist societies. Women from wealthy backgrounds are more likely to have access to quality fertility treatment.
Preparedness of medical personnel to work with medical information systems
Authors:   Arkhangelsk city clinical hospital № 7, Murzagalieva Т. Е. , Monogarova Y. Y. ,   Arkhangelsk city clinical hospital № 7, Varakina Zh.L. ,   Northern State Medical University
Published: January 2023

The analysis of administrative and medical personnel equipment of medical organizations in the Arkhangelsk region with computer equipment was presented. The level of computer competence and readiness of medical personnel to work with medical information systems on the basis of the state budget health organisation of Arkhangelsk region “Arkhangelsk city clinical hospital № 7” was studied. Management decisions taken to improve the quality and availability of medical services were shown.
The program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens for 2022: logic and basic provisions in the fight against coronavirus infection
Authors:   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obukhova O. V. , Kadyrov F.N. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,   North-Western State Medical University I.I. Mechnikov, Endovitskaya Yu.V. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Balzamova I. N. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sychev Yu.P. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

Changes in the Program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens for 2022 and for the planned period of 2023 and 2024 compared to previous years are closely related to the current stage of the fight against the spread of COVID‑19 coronavirus infection. At the same time, given that the logic of the changes being made is not always obvious, it is necessary to start both from the current state of healthcare and from an analysis of how innovations will affect the development of the industry in the coming period.
Greeting behavior between dogs in a dog park
Authors: Ward Camille
Published: January 2023

I used naturalistic observations to explore patterns of greeting behavior between 58 off-leash dogs (Canis familiaris) at a dog park. Dogs greeting at a dog park entailed one or both dogs approaching, engaging inolfactory inspection, and then departing or, on occasion, engaging in play. Single-dog greetings, where one dog approached, were statistically more frequent than dual-dog greetings, where both dogs approached. In single-dog greetings, the dog initiating the greeting was significantly bigger and had body posture higher than or equal to that of the recipient dog. Play did not commonly follow greetings, and no incidents of aggression in conjunction with greetings were observed. Voluntary greeting times between dogs in this study were short (mean greet times between unleashed dogs were 6.042 ± 0.801 s). Reciprocated greetings, where both dogs engaged in olfactory inspections of the anogenital region, face/head, and/or inguinal region of the other dog, were not significantly more frequent than unreciprocated greetings, where only one of the dogs engaged in olfactory inspection. However, dogs in reciprocated greetings were more evenly matched in terms of weight than dogs in unreciprocated greetings. In 48.1% of dyads, greeting resulted in a significant change of body posture in one or both dogs. This change was from either a high or low posture at the beginning of the greeting to a neutral posture at the end in most cases. This suggests that greetings in domestic dogs may function in conflict management by reducing arousal and fear. In single-dog greetings, olfactory inspections varied statistically by greeter role (initiator vs. recipient of greeting). The applications of these finding to clinicians working in companion dog behavior are discussed.
Up the leash: Exploring canine handlers’ perceptions of volunteering in canine-assisted interventions
Authors: Rousseau Camille Xinmei , Binfet John-Tyler , Green Freya L.L. , Tardif-Williams Christine Yvette , Draper Zakary A. , Maynard Allison
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

To date, research on canine-assisted interventions has focused on identifying the effects of spending time with therapy dogs on the well-being of participants and, to a lesser extent, exploring the effects of canine-assisted interventions on therapy dogs as a means of safeguarding canine welfare.  Little empirical attention has focused on understanding the experience of volunteer canine handlers – agents at the heart of the success of canine-assisted interventions. The aim of this exploratory research was to first capture the voice of handlers to better understand their experience as volunteers and second to provide preliminary insights into their well-being.  Sixty volunteer handlers with varying volunteer experience with a canine therapy program at a mid-size Canadian university responded to a series of open-ended prompts related to their volunteer work and completed a battery of well-being measures.  Qualitative findings revealed that most participants identified social benefits to volunteering for themselves (64%) and for their dog (55%). The perceived impact on students (33%) and the ability to help university students (36%) were the most rewarding aspects of volunteering. Although drawn to volunteer by the program itself (36%), motivations to continue volunteering were predominantly associated with personal benefits of volunteering (44%). Most handlers reported no challenges associated with volunteering (73%) and qualified their dog as happy after sessions (71%). Participants commonly described good therapy dogs as relaxed, calm, and respectful (66%) and strong handlers as having good awareness of their dog (48%).  Quantitative findings revealed volunteer handlers reported elevated levels of positive affect (p = < 0.001, d = 1.19), greater satisfaction with life (p = < 0.001, d = 0.85) and lower levels of avoidant attachment to their therapy dog (p = < 0.001, d = -1.16) when compared to normative samples.  Implications for the governing of on-campus programs and handler well-being are discussed.
The Birth of a Philosopher (Review on N.A. Gromova’s “Otherworldly Friend. The Love Story of Lev Shestov and Varvara Malahieva-Mirovich in Letters and Documents”. Moscow: AST Publishing House: Edited by Elena Shubina, 2021. 413 p.)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorozhikhina Ksenia V.
Published: January 2023

The review is devoted to a new book by the writer and literary historian Natalia A. Gromova, in which, on the basis of letters and archival documents, the love story of Varvara Malahieva-Mirovich and Lev Shestov is reconstructed. According to Gromova, their relationship became an impulse that had a key influence on the formation of Shestov as an existential thinker, whose philosophy is not based on speculative contemplation, but is inextricably linked with life experience. Shestov’s philosophy of tragedy grows out of the relationship between Shestov and Malakhieva-Mirovich. On the basis of Shestov’s letters addressed to Malahieva-Mirovich, recently found in the family archive of Shik-Shakhovskie, the author of the book reconstructs the autobiographical events of the philosopher’s life, when for him “the time is out of joint” and he experienced an ideological and psychological crisis that marked the beginning of a new stage in his work. Gromova shows how the events of his life are reflected in Shestov’s writings: in his writings, the philosopher seeks answers to the questions that his relationship with Varvara Malahieva-Mirovich poses to him. Gromova introduces into scientific circulation the previously unpublished correspondence between Shestov and Malahieva-Mirovich, letters from Malahieva-Mirovich to her friend Leonilla N. Tarasova, as well as the memoirs of Malahieva-Mirovich about the actress of the Moscow Art Theater Nadezhda S. Butova. The book contains unique information about Shestov’s circle in Russia (for example, about the decadent poetess Anastasia Mirovich), including the so-called “shestovites”, a.i. the poetess and writer Varvara G. Malahieva-Mirovich, philosopher, lawyer and publisher Semyon M. Lurie, actress Nadezhda S. Butova, who is trying to find a philosophical and religious “justification” for the actor’s craft.
Historical and Philosophical Problems in the Work of Hilmi Ziya Ulken
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Mammadova Aytek Zakir gizi
Published: January 2023

The article describes the creative heritage of the great Turkish philosopher and sociologist Hilmi Ziya Ulken (1901–1974). His work includes fundamental works on both theory and the history of philosophy. Ulken’s works devoted to the history of philosophy broadly reflect the interrelationship of Eastern Muslim and Western philosophy, as well as the influence of Eastern philosophy on Western thought. Hilmi Ziya Ulken considered both religious and philosophical trends, such as Sufism, Fiqh, Kalam, and scientific philosophical teachings – Eastern peripatetism, Ishraqism. The object of Ulken’s study was also the history of Turkish thought as part of Eastern philosophy. In his work, an important place is occupied by the study of the stages of the history of Turkic thinking from antiquity to the present. The article summarizes Hilmi Ziya Ulken’s views on the scientific and cultural environment and philosophy of Russia in the 20th century.
Media Theory: Normalization and Variantology
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sosna Nina N.
Published: January 2023

The author suggests to look at media research from a historical perspective and compare the projects of the “golden period”, that is, the 1990s – early 2000s, with the works of recent years. After preliminary contextual explanations, choosing for a more detailed presentation projects of S. Zielinski and J. Parikka, the author shows how the tasks of media studies and their methodology change during the transition from large-scale panoramas claiming to build a new history from the perspectives of media to often fragmented and situational analyses of components of chosen media (for example, the translation of color dispersion into the chemical language of a photograph of a distant star). This was the way by which archaeology, attentive to geological time, turned into archival work being done for “commercial use or machine learning”. This is how the radical approaches to media research characteristic of the first media theorists are leveled, because scientists publishing their works since the second half of the 2010s contribute to the normalization of media theory by bringing it to the long-discussed topics of other disciplines, such as cognitive functions or theories of signs. At the same time, media theory of recent years is being largely politicized, adopting governmental instructions and reducing the “variantology” and multiplicity of media that were developed earlier.
S.L. Frank and the Russian Scientific Institute in Berlin
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Ortodox University, Rezvykh Tatyana N. , Tsygankov Alexander S. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

The article presents the history of foundation of the Russian Scientific Institute in Berlin based on German archival materials and periodicals of the 1920s–1930s. The role of the Germans in the institutionalization, as well as the importance of the Institute in the creative biography of S.L. Frank have been analyzed. Special attention is paid to the lecture courses of the Russian philosopher, which were given at the Russian Scientific Institute in Berlin. It is emphasized that with the work of S.L. Frank an appeal was introduced to the study of the problems of Russian thought and spiritual culture, which in general was not common for the philosopher in the preemigrant period. Thus, the Institute provided to S.L. Frank the institutional legitimation of research, which partly corresponded to the aspirations and expectations of the German side that participated in the foundation of the Russian Scientific Institute in Berlin. In the appendix archival materials – transcripts of four lectures of the philosopher under the general theme “Modern trends in philosophy”, given under the auspices of the Institute in late 1928 – early 1929 and stored in the Bakhmetev Archives of Columbia University (New York, USA) are also published.
Evaluation of Effective Drainage Height through Integration of Microseismic and Geochemical Depth Profiling of Produced Hydrocarbons
Authors: Maxwell Shawn , Brito Richard , Ritter Geoff , Sinclair John , Leavitt Aaron , Liu Faye , Bachleda Jana
Published: January 2023

This study integrates microseismic hydraulic fracture mapping with geochemical production profiling to understand the interaction between mechanical stratigraphy, fracture geometry, and effective drainage for wells landed in different benches of the STACK play in Oklahoma. Microseismic monitoring was used to map the extents of the hydraulic fracture system contacted during stimulation, while high resolution geochemical analysis or ‘fingerprinting’ was used to assess how different formations in the reservoir were draining. Microseismicity showed that hydraulic fracture growth from an Upper Meramec well rapidly cover the entire Meramec interval with some growth downward into the Woodford. Conversely, microseismicity initiating from a Woodford well clustered in that layer and grew upward into the Lower Meramec with time. Geochemical profiling closely matched the microseismic depth distributions for the associated well landing zones. Similar to the microseismic hydraulic heights from both Upper and Lower Meramec wells consistently produced from the entire Meramec, with additional recovery from the Woodford. Woodford landed wells produced Woodford oil with some production also coming from the Lower Meramec, also consistent with the microseismic depths. These production profiling trends were found to be very consistent across multiple sets of wells drilled into the same target formations. Integrating mapping of hydraulic fracture growth with geochemical assessment of the effective drainage within the hydraulically contacted zones provides unique insights into the reservoir contact and drainage. Understanding the mechanical stratigraphic controls on hydraulic fracture height growth relative to the reservoir drainage is key to informed decisions on wine-rack configurations for optimal reservoir drainage.
Enhancing Productivity and Injectivity in the Sultanate of Oman's Nimr Cluster Using Hydraulic Fracturing; Challenging The Status Quo in High Permeability Fracturing
Authors: Al Kalbani Muhannad , Al Ghaithi Ali , Al Kindi Said , Christiawan Arya , Yuyan Rioka
Published: January 2023

High permeability hydraulic fracturing in Nimr cluster of oil fields within the Sultanate of Oman has been gaining momentum in recent years. This is despite of the inherent resistance towards deferring producing wells for a typically long intervention such as hydraulic fracturing. In part, that is due to the required pre fracturing preparation which ranges from removing low grade existing completion, removal of artificial lift pumps, installing fracturing completion, and finally post fracturing recompletion. This is in addition to damage presented by less-than-optimal fracturing fluids which may impair well productivity, especially in cases where oil is of moderate to high viscosity.

Hence hydraulic fracturing of high permeability formations within Nimr fields dictated an optimal candidate selection process. This paper presents well-defined candidate selection criteria derived from regression modelling, in addition to design related optimizations such as the utilization of reduced gel loading designs and enhancing oxidizing breaker concentration for better cleanup and flowback.

As part of the study within this paper, fracturing water injectors presented a less risky endeavor due to a shorter turnaround time from pre to post fracturing. It also presented an opportunity to enhance sweep efficiency in fields where water injectors are underperforming.

Injector wells within the Nimr cluster of fields generally target high permeability formations (10-200 mD), however due to the quality of injected water and the degree of self-scaling due to temperature and pressure changes, skin build up is common. Hence the introduction of fracturing presented an efficient technique to bypass damage and generate larger conductive effective wellbore radii.

This paper describes the restoration of several poorly performing producer and injectors that were treated between 2021 and 2022 using hydraulic fracturing. Injection results as well as post fracturing sweep efficiencies were compared to those prior to fracturing. These wells were also assessed in perspective of their injection patterns where results have shown substantial pressure support to nearby wells without fast-tracking water breakthrough. This resulted in the revival of some producer wells that were previously closed in due to poor aquifer pressure support.
Interpretation of Fracture Initiation Points by in-Well LF-DAS in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Leggett Smith , Sakaida Shohei , Zhu Ding , Hill Alfred Daniel , Kerr Erich
Published: January 2023

Low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LF-DAS) exploits the optical phase shift of Rayleigh backscatter in fiber optic cables to obtain distributed measurements of changes in strain and temperature. Fiber optic cables are often installed for multistage hydraulic fracture diagnostics in horizontal wells. LF- DAS in an untreated well provides far-field strain measurements while offset wells are hydraulically fractured. Such a configuration is called cross-well LF-DAS sensing. Cross-well LF-DAS measurements have proven useful to diagnose frac hits, fracture azimuth, planarity, cluster efficiency, fracture propagation rates, and the dynamic distance to the fracture front. In contrast, in-well LF-DAS is conducted on the actively fractured well. Due to cool fracture fluid being injected at high injection rates, the strain component of the LF-DAS response is largely obscured by temperature changes. In permanent fiber optic cable installations, distributed temperature sensing (DTS) is often conducted simultaneously with LF- DAS. An opportunity exists to decouple the temperature and strain components of LF-DAS sensors to observe strain changes on in-well LF-DAS.

The LF-DAS response is modeled as linearly dependent on strain and temperature changes. Theoretical LF-DAS temperature and strain sensitivity coefficients are derived based on changes to the index of refraction and length of the fiber. Using the DTS measurements, temperature changes are computed, smoothed, filtered, and compared to the LF-DAS response. Cross-plots of the in-well LF-DAS measurements and temperature changes from DTS measurements far from the actively fractured region are used to validate the theoretical sensitivity coefficients. Uncertainty in the temperature component of the LF-DAS response is quantified. The difficulty in corresponding the different spatial and temporal resolutions of the DTS and LF-DAS measurements is overcome by comparing the responses over a moving temporal and spatial window. If the LF-DAS response at the center of the window agrees with the DTS response within uncertainty, the measurement is filtered out. After filtering, the remaining non-zero in-well LF-DAS measurements are due to changes in strain. The data is then visualized in waterfall plots. The results indicate that the theoretical and observed strain and temperature coefficients agree within 10%. After the temperature component of the in-well LF-DAS response is extracted, the remaining non-zero measurements are located primarily within the actively treated region. Locations with peaks in the strain response are interpreted to indicate fracture initiation points. These fracture initiation points are compared with in-well DTS and high frequency DAS noise measurements across multiple stages to better understand fracture initiation along the horizontal well.
How and Where Wells Talk: Integrating Cross-Well Strain and Production Profile Interference Testing
Authors: Lawrence Matthew , Andersen Janel , Zhang Yuanshan
Published: January 2023

Objectives/Scope

In the Permian Basin frac locations, azimuths and intensities recorded by single-use distributed fiber optics in two wells are integrated and compared to post-flow back production allocation and interference testing acquired with intervention fiber optics to identify areas of hydraulically conductive fracs and communication between offset wells.

Methods, Procedures, Process

Two wells on an 8 well pad were monitored with single-use pump down fiber. Strain events are recorded, identifying magnitude, azimuth, frac dimensions and velocity of the frac'd stages in purview of the monitor wells. 60 days post flowback, two of the frac'd laterals are sensed using intervention fiber optics to evaluate production allocation at the cluster level. Offset wells are then shut-in and production changes in the sensed well indicate the location and magnitude of interconnection between the sensed well and offsets. Strain data is compared to interference data to determine if strain could be associated with future productivity.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

Areas where cross-well strain indicated connective fractures also showed increases in production via interference testing. Areas with poor or no strain activity indicated reduced production and little, if any offset interference.

Novel/Additive Information

Extrapolating observed strain events identified areas where frac tips overlapped and appear to have created conductive pathways between offset wells, where interference is noted, despite an absence of strain data (as the farther fracs did not reach the monitor well but did overlap the offset that was sensed for flow allocation). This indicates that the production allocation interference testing method appears to reveal hydraulically connected fractures, even in the absence of strain data.
Stimulation of a High-Temperature Granitic Reservoir at the Utah FORGE Site
Authors: McLennan John , England Kevin , Rose Peter , Moore Joseph , Barker Ben
Published: January 2023

Utah FORGE (Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy) is a field laboratory for developing, testing, and prototyping technologies that could be adopted for commercializing Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). The principle of developing an EGS is to use multiple hydraulic fracturing stages to interconnect an injection well and a production well – forming the surface area within a large heat exchange system. At the Utah FORGE site, near Milford, Utah, an injection well (65° to the vertical) has been drilled and a three-stage fracturing treatment was carried out at the toe of this well. A production well will be drilled into the stimulated domain determined from microseismic measurements. The objectives of the treatments were to establish if the created fracture networks will form independent flow networks between the injector and the producer, and ultimately to test long-term connectivity between the two wells. In addition, the mechanics of isolating stages and developing fracturing fluid viscosity in a naturally fractured granitic reservoir at 435°F [224°C] were evaluated.

Three stages were pumped. Geophones in three offset wells and shallow distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) and surface monitoring devices tracked the fracture evolution. The first stage was slickwater in a barefoot section, pumped at rates up to 50 bpm [7.95 m3/min]. Bridge plugs were used in 7-inch [177.8 mm] casing to isolate the next two stages, which each used a single long perforation cluster (20 ft [6.096 m] long, with six shots per ft at 60° phasing for each of the latter two stages). The second stage was slickwater pumped at rates up to 35 bpm [5.56 m3/min]. The final stage was crosslinked carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar (CMHPG) polymer fluid pumped at rates up to 35 bpm [5.56 m3/min] with low concentrations of microproppant. The well was flowed back between each stage to mitigate the potential for stage interference, facilitate running bridge plugs, and reduce the possibility of undesirable microseismicity.

Isolation technology had been a significant concern before the treatment. However, bridge plugs successfully functioned at these high temperatures – isolating stages 1 and 2 and stages 2 and 3. Treatment records show a significant morphological difference between pumping in the openhole section (stage 1), and in the two cased and perforated zones (stages 2 and 3). Microseismic data suggest nominally planar growth orthogonal to the wellbore for the two cased and perforated zones – favoring intersection with the soon-to-be-drilled production well.

These treatments superficially seem mundane. However, they successfully demonstrated the viability of hydraulic fracture creation in a cased well in hot, low permeability granitic rocks, a prerequisite for EGS development, revealed conditions for limited natural fracture interaction, and this was one of the few high-temperature granitic stimulation treatment programs since Fenton Hill in the 1980s.
Geomechanical Pumped Storage in Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Schmidt Howard , Wright Scott , Mauroner Cliff , Lau Henry , Hill Bunker , Zhou Joe , Bunger Andrew
Published: January 2023

The capacity and importance of solar and wind power have been growing dramatically over the last few decades and now account for a material fraction of energy on our electric grids. These resources are intermittent, and large-scale, long-term storage methods are required. Here we describe Geomechanical Pumped Storage (GPS), and first results from feasibility studies performed in the field. GPS is a new approach for storing electric energy at scale that is conceptually similar to pumped hydro storage (PHS), which currently accounts for 94% of global energy storage. Like PHS, water is transferred from a surface pond to a high-pressure reservoir, and high efficiency pumps/turbines are employed to transfer the working fluid, effectively storing and extracting electric power by hydraulic means. Unlike PHS, which needs elevated terrain and gravity potential to realize a high- pressure reservoir, GPS injects water into a storage lens in the subsurface; the lens volume is pressurized by a combination of elastic deformation of the rock strata and overburden lift. GPS is under evaluation in four separate basins across North America. In each site, optimized completion and stimulation methods have been deployed and shown to consistently generate horizontal storage lenses with excellent connectivity to vertical wellbores. Novel methods have been developed and demonstrated for effectively increasing the fracture toughness of the rock matrix; this results in net pressures and lens widths about an order of magnitude greater than those used in stimulating unconventional reservoirs. These water-propped lenses have so far allowed injection and production rates at powers up to 100 kW with hydraulic efficiencies up to 90 percent. The completion and stimulation methods are being further developed towards commercially viable installations with powers above 1 MW for 10 hours or more.
Where's the Fluid? Using DAS Based Strain Measurement in Near Real Time
Authors: Davis Eric
Published: January 2023

Among the many data sets provided by fiber optic deployments in offset wells, low frequency DAS measurements provide detailed information on the wellbore axial strain during nearby hydraulic fracture treatments. Analysis of strain during a treatment typically consists of magnitude-based detection of fracture hits for location and event time. More detailed post-treatment analysis can tease out at least a few key components of far-field fracture solutions that match the pattern and evolution of measured strain, but the highly non-linear nature of the problem impedes real time solutions. This paper introduces a method that linearizes the problem, then applies a Kalman filter based inversion to determine the proximity of fluid to the offset well as it approaches the fiber during the treatment. The computationally efficient approach enables quick response during a treatment to unexpected fracture growth. The use of a Kalman filter also allows for the incorporation of other data types, such as microseismic locations, into an integrated inversion. Theoretical and field examples demonstrate the technique in action.
A Hybrid Data-Driven/Physics-Based Approach for Near-Wellbore Hydraulic Fracture Modeling
Authors: Michael Andreas
Published: January 2023

Variables affecting the near-wellbore region of a fractured well have a big impact on its post-stimulation well performance. Optimal hydraulic fracture (HF) initiation and early-phase propagation results in minimal near-wellbore tortuosity, decreasing the likelihood of screenouts and maximizing the resultant well productivity. While most predictive models for the HF geometry produced in a stimulation treatment consider the far-field region, the near-wellbore vicinity should be an integral part of a properly-engineered reservoir exploitation strategy, impacting the treatment's design and execution. In this work, a hybrid data-driven/physics-based approach is elaborated for modeling HF initiation and early-phase propagation from perforated horizontal wells.

An optimization scheme via oriented perforating is presented using the developed hybrid model, considering the orientation of the induced HF initiation (longitudinal or transverse with respect to a well drilled along the minimum horizontal in-situ principal stress) and the resultant formation breakdown pressure (FBP); the highest the wellbore pressure reached during the treatment. Transverse HF initiation (and early-phase propagation) is ideal for wells drilled in low-permeability "tight" formations, while FBP minimization decreases the overall on-site horsepower requirements for the stimulation treatment. The demonstrated optimization scheme is applied separately to the in-situ stress states of seven prolific shale plays from the U.S. and Argentina, suggesting oriented-perforating strategies targeting the promotion of transverse HF initiation in two of these (Barnett and Marcellus), while targeting FBP minimization in the remaining five (Bakken, Fayetteville, Haynesville, Niobrara, and Vaca Muerta). The effectiveness of such oriented-perforating strategies can potentially be compromised by fracturing fluid leakage around the borehole's circumference, which is shown to hinder transverse HF initiation.

The hybrid model is also used to estimate fracture initiation pressure (FIP) values for the seven shale plays studied, indicating significant discrepancies with analytical expressions used to approximate these FIPs in modern-day HF computational simulations. Finally, the framework is set for expanding this modeling approach over a range of in-situ stress states, incorporating data-driven (numerically-derived) aggregate correction factors to compensate for inaccuracies in the analytical approximations, which comprise the physics-based core of the proposed hybrid model. The impact of perforation geometry was not addressed in this study.