bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nudging against consent is effective but lowers welfare
Authors: Gerver Mollie , Banerjee Sanchayan , John Peter
Published: June 2024

Behavioural nudges are often criticised because they “work best in the dark”. However, recent experimental evidence suggests that the effectiveness of nudges is not reduced when they are delivered transparently. Most people also endorse transparent nudges. Yet, transparent nudging may undermine human autonomy—a minority may oppose to being nudged and feel manipulated, even if they know what is happening. We propose an alternative way of maintaining autonomy that is not reducible to transparency: individuals can be asked if they consent in advance to being nudged. To assess whether consensual nudges are effective, we ask consent from 1518 UK citizens to be nudged. Subsequently, we default all participants into donating to a charity of their choice, irrespective of self-reported consent. We find that the default nudge is equally effective for both consenting and non-consenting individuals, with negligible difference in average donations. However, non-consenting individuals report higher levels of resentment and regret and lower levels of happiness and support compared to the consenting group. Based on these findings, we argue that ignoring consent can have serious ethical ramifications for policy-making with nudges.
Impact of helminth infections during pregnancy on maternal and newborn Vitamin D and on birth outcomes
Authors: Berry Sèyigbéna P. Déo-Gracias , Honkpèhedji Yabo Josiane , Ludwig Esther , Mahmoudou Saïdou , Prodjinotho Ulrich Fabien , Adamou Rafiou , Nouatin Odilon P. , Adégbitè Bayode R. , Dejon-Agobe Jean Claude , Mba Romuald Beh , Maloum Moustapha , Nkoma Anne Marie Mouima , Zinsou Jeannot Fréjus , Luty Adrian J. F. , Esen Meral , Adégnika Ayôla Akim , Prazeres da Costa Clarissa
Published: June 2024

Poor birth outcomes in low- and middle income countries are associated with maternal vitamin D deficiency and chronic helminth infections. Here, we investigated whether maternal Schistosoma haematobium affects maternal or cord vitamin D status as well as birth outcomes. In a prospective cross-sectional study of pregnant women conducted in Lambaréné, Gabon, we diagnosed maternal parasitic infections in blood, urine and stool. At delivery we measured vitamin D in maternal and cord blood. S. haematobium, soil-transmitted helminths, and microfilariae were found at prevalences of 30.2%, 13.0%, and 8.8%, respectively. Insufficient vitamin D and calcium levels were found in 28% and 15% of mothers, and in 11.5% and 1.5% of newborns. Mothers with adequate vitamin D had lower risk of low birthweight babies (aOR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02–0.52, p = 0.01), whilst offspring of primipars had low cord vitamin D levels, and low vitamin D levels increased the risk of maternal inflammation. Maternal filariasis was associated with low calcium levels, but other helminth infections affected neither vitamin D nor calcium levels in either mothers or newborns. Healthy birth outcomes require maintenance of adequate vitamin D and calcium levels. Chronic maternal helminth infections do not disrupt those levels in a semi-rural setting in sub-Saharan Africa.
The effect of including a mobile arch, toe joint, and joint coupling on predictive neuromuscular simulations of human walking
Authors: Buchmann Alexandra , Wenzler Simon , Welte Lauren , Renjewski Daniel
Published: June 2024

Predictive neuromuscular simulations are a powerful tool for studying the biomechanics of human walking, and deriving design criteria for technical devices like prostheses or biorobots. Good agreement between simulation and human data is essential for transferability to the real world. The human foot is often modeled with a single rigid element, but knowledge of how the foot model affects gait prediction is limited. Standardized procedures for selecting appropriate foot models are lacking. We performed 2D predictive neuromuscular simulations with six different foot models of increasing complexity to answer two questions: What is the effect of a mobile arch, a toe joint, and the coupling of toe and arch motion through the plantar fascia on gait prediction? and How much of the foot’s anatomy do we need to model to predict sagittal plane walking kinematics and kinetics in good agreement with human data? We found that the foot model had a significant impact on ankle kinematics during terminal stance, push-off, and toe and arch kinematics. When focusing only on hip and knee kinematics, rigid foot models are sufficient. We hope our findings will help guide the community in modeling the human foot according to specific research goals and improve neuromuscular simulation accuracy.
Exploring the potential biological significance of KDELR family genes in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Peitong , Cui Pengfei , Yue Qing , Xu Zijun , Liu Ziling
Published: June 2024

The Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu receptor (KDELR) family genes play critical roles in a variety of biological processes in different tumors. Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the potential roles of KDELRs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, as well as clinical samples, we conducted a series of analyses and validations using R software tools and various online resources. The results showed that KDELR family genes and proteins were highly expressed and associated with a poor prognosis of LUAD. Promoter hypomethylation and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of PCAT6/hsa-miR-326/KDELR1 might be potential causes of aberrant KDELR1 overexpression in LUAD. Three key Transcription factors (TFs) (SPI1, EP300, and MAZ) and a TFs-miRNAs-KDELRs network (involving 11 TFs) might be involved in modulating KDELRs expression abnormalities. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated enrichment of genes highly expressing KDELR1, KDELR2, and KDELR3 in MTORC1_SIGNALING, P53_PATHWAY, and ANGIOGENESIS. Negative correlations between KDELRs expression and CD8 + T cell infiltration, as well as CTLA-4 expression. Our multiple analyses suggested that the KDELRs are important signaling molecules in LUAD. These results provided novel insights for developing prognostic markers and novel therapies of LUAD.
Identifying plasma proteomic signatures from health to heart failure, across the ejection fraction spectrum
Authors: Andrzejczyk Karolina , Abou Kamar Sabrina , van Ommen Anne-Mar , Canto Elisa Dal , Petersen Teun B. , Valstar Gideon , Akkerhuis K. Martijn , Cramer Maarten Jan , Umans Victor , Rutten Frans H. , Teske Arco , Boersma Eric , Menken Roxana , van Dalen Bas M. , Hofstra Leonard , Verhaar Marianne , Brugts Jasper , Asselbergs Folkert , den Ruijter Hester , Kardys Isabella
Published: June 2024

Circulating proteins may provide insights into the varying biological mechanisms involved in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We aimed to identify specific proteomic patterns for HF, by comparing proteomic profiles across the ejection fraction spectrum. We investigated 4210 circulating proteins in 739 patients with normal (Stage A/Healthy) or elevated (Stage B) filling pressures, HFpEF, or ischemic HFrEF (iHFrEF). We found 2122 differentially expressed proteins between iHFrEF-Stage A/Healthy, 1462 between iHFrEF–HFpEF and 52 between HFpEF-Stage A/Healthy. Of these 52 proteins, 50 were also found in iHFrEF vs. Stage A/Healthy, leaving SLITRK6 and NELL2 expressed in lower levels only in HFpEF. Moreover, 108 proteins, linked to regulation of cell fate commitment, differed only between iHFrEF–HFpEF. Proteomics across the HF spectrum reveals overlap in differentially expressed proteins compared to stage A/Healthy. Multiple proteins are unique for distinguishing iHFrEF from HFpEF, supporting the capacity of proteomics to discern between these conditions.
Analyzing post-COVID-19 demographic and mobility changes in Andalusia using mobile phone data
Authors: Osorio Arjona Joaquín
Published: June 2024

This work studies changes in the demographics of the different spatial units that make up the Andalusia region in Spain throughout the year 2021, with the aim of seeing the progressive recovery of the population after the COVID-19 pandemic. Mobile phone data from Origin–Destination matrices has been used, due to the ease of obtaining updated information quickly and constantly. A methodology has been developed to transform the number of travelers into an estimated population without biases, and an interpolation function has been used to take into account all the data available in the year 2021. Results show a direct link between the demographic changes in Andalusia and the removal of the mobility restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, with an increase of non-related work mobility and a decrease of static population. Travel distances between home and work places are also affected, with an increase of long trips after the end of the mobility restrictions. In addition, different patterns have been visualized, such as the concentration of commuting in the metropolitan areas of the region during working days, the population growth in rural areas during weekends, or the population displacement to coastal areas in summer.
Finite element analysis of the mechanical behavior of 3D printed orthodontic attachments used in aligner treatment
Authors: Nagib Riham , Farkas Andrei Zoltan , Szuhanek Camelia
Published: June 2024

The composite attachment loss during orthodontic clear aligner therapy is an adverse event that commonly happens in clinical practice and can affect the overall outcome and length of treatment. The aim of our research is to provide a basis for the further study of an innovative digital protocol and application method for orthodontic aligner attachments. Two 3D models were designed, one based on the proposed protocol and the other on the conventional method for aligner attachment application. Four attachment shapes were used to identify the maximum values for the von Mises equivalent stresses, the maximum displacements values and the areas in which these values were recorded through FEM analysis. The results of the mechanical simulation show lower values of von Mises stress recorded in the 3D printed attachments assemblies, independent of their shape, when simulated under the same boundary and load conditions. The trapezoidal prism shaped 3D printed model has a 3.7 times smaller displacement value (0.088 [mm]) compared to the adhesive resin model (0.326 [mm]). In conclusion, the proposed protocol for aligner attachments and the introduction of innovative materials is a promising method of solving conventional attachment problems in current orthodontic treatments.
Deep-trap persistent materials for future rewriteable optical information storage
Authors: Jia Chaoyang , Yu Jia , Hu YuanYuan , Wang Xiaojun , Gao Dangli
Published: June 2024

We provide comprehensive insights into its data storage mechanism of persistent luminescence materials, particular focus on various “trap state tuning” strategies by doping to design new deep-trap persistent phosphors for information storage.
Trans vs. cis: a computational study of enasidenib resistance due to IDH2 mutations
Authors: Lindahl Erik , Arvidsson Erik , Friedman Ran
Published: June 2024

This simulation study shed light on resistance to enasidenib, an inhibitor of the IDH2 enzyme used to treat cancers.
Prediction of pure carbon crystals with intrinsic antiferromagnetism: polymerized from C20 fullerenes
Authors: Wu Haiping , Hang Xinqi , Kan Erjun , Qian Yan
Published: June 2024

Pure carbon materials with magnetic properties have attracted considerable research interest due to their advantages over traditional magnetic materials.
SERS microscopy as a tool for comprehensive biochemical characterization in complex samples
Authors: Kneipp Janina , Seifert Stephan , Gärber Florian
Published: June 2024

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) microspectra give biochemical information from nanoscopic volumes in a heterogeneous biomaterial. With the help of machine learning, molecular structure and interactions can be inferred based on SERS data.
Functionality integration in stereolithography 3D printed microfluidics using a “print-pause-print” strategy
Authors: Sagot Matthieu , Derkenne Timothée , Giunchi Perrine , Davit Yohan , Nougayrède Jean-Philippe , Tregouet Corentin , Raimbault Vincent , Malaquin Laurent , Venzac Bastien
Published: June 2024

Novel protocol for integration of object inside stereolithography-based chips and proof-of-concepts: bacteria imaging, blue energy and in-flow cell capture.
High-performance humidity sensor based on Ag-doped ZnGa2O4/ZnO composite nanofibers
Authors: Sun Chunhua , Li Wenjing , Lv Ze , Guo Ying
Published: June 2024

Ag-doped ZnGa2O4/ZnO composite nanofibers to achieve a reliable hysteresis and a fast response recovery time.
Resonant tunneling in a colloidal CdS semiconductor quantum-dot single-electron transistor based on heteroepitaxial-spherical Au/Pt nanogap electrodes
Authors: Ohkatsu Genki , Nishinobo Takumi , Saruyama Masaki , Teranishi Toshiharu , Majima Yutaka
Published: June 2024

Resonant tunneling current flows through unique discrete energy levels on a single-semiconductor quantum dot (QD) junction in addition to single-electron tunneling current.
Promoting reducibility and activity of Cu by tuning oxygen defects on ceria for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction to methane
Authors: Yu Lingwei , Zhang Ying , Zhou Leyi , Wang Yaqi , Ma Xinru , Hou Zhangkun , Zhang Hongchuan , Xie Sai , Yan Zifeng
Published: June 2024

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to valuable fuels or chemical feedstock provides a potential pathway to reach a carbon-neutral economy and address environmental issues.
Deciphering breast cancer cell heterogeneity: a quantum dot-conjugate approach employing MCF-7 and THP-1 co-cultures
Authors: Vyshnava Satyanarayana Swamy , Numbury Surendra Babu , Chittepu Obula Reddy , Vasikarla Kamala Prasad , Anupalli Roja Rani , Vasu Govardhana Reddy Peddiahgari , Dowlathabad Muralidhara Rao
Published: June 2024

Cancer cell heterogeneity in MCF-7/THP-1 co-cultures was shown using a quantum dot antibody platform (QDλ/Ab), mimicking marker polarization in cancer cells during metastasis establishment.
The positional and numerical effect of N6-methyladenosine in tracrRNA on the DNA cleavage activity of Cas9
Authors: Tran Binh Thanh , Go Seulgi , Kim Kyoung-Ran , Chung Hak Suk , Ahn Dae-Ro
Published: June 2024

The m6A-modified tracrRNA can retain Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage activity only when the modified residues are located in the tail part of the tracrRNA, which is composed of stem loops 2 and 3.
Cyclic ether and anhydride ring opening copolymerisation delivering new ABB sequences in poly(ester-alt-ethers)
Authors: Kerr Ryan W. F. , Craze Alexander R. , Williams Charlotte K.
Published: June 2024

The synthesis of poly(ester-alt-ethers) is achieved by controlled ring-opening copolymerizations of commercial anhydrides and epoxides using a Zr(iv) catalyst. The catalysis shows unusual ABB monomer sequence selectivity and polymer properties depend upon both the monomers and the sequence.
Real-time observation of sub-100-fs charge and energy transfer processes in DNA dinucleotides
Authors: Petropoulos Vasilis , Martinez-Fernandez Lara , Uboldi Lorenzo , Maiuri Margherita , Cerullo Giulio , Balanikas Evangelos , Markovitsi Dimitra
Published: June 2024

Using as showcase the DNA dinucleotide 5′-dTpdG-3′, in which the thymine is located at the 5′ end with respect to the guanine, we study the photoinduced electronic relaxation of coupled chromophores in solution with an unprecedented refinement.
Dynamically blocking leakage current in molecular tunneling junctions
Authors: Xie Yu , Qiu Shengzhe , Guo Qianqian , Li Chengtai , Chen Ningyue , Zhou Ziming , Yang Zhenyu , Cao Zhou , Wang Tao , Du Wei , Wang Lejia , Li Yuan
Published: June 2024

Incorporating mixed flexible-rigid backbones into molecular junctions can dynamically block tunneling currents and enhance rectification.
Flatland materials for photochemical and electrochemical nitrogen fixation applications: from lab-door experiments to large-scale applicability
Authors: Ali Syed Asim , Sadiq Iqra , Ahmad Tokeer
Published: June 2024

Flatland materials were meticulously surveyed to explore their functionality in photochemical and electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction applications. New insights are presented for pilot-scale NRR operations via 2D materials.
Tuning 2D perovskite–graphene layered composite for photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Haozhe , Wang Yanjie , Niu Wentian , Yoskamtorn Tatchamapan , Luo Mingyu , Tayler Robert , Day Sarah , Edman Tsang Shik Chi
Published: June 2024

This study demonstrates the photocatalytic performance of perovskite nanosheets on reduced graphene oxide depends critically on A-site lanthanide cations, which gives structural tuning of this nanocomposite for H2 generation.
Synergistic enhancement of electrochemical performance of NiFe2O4@Ni-MOF nanoflake hybrids for high-performance energy storage applications
Authors: Batool Rabia , Dhas Suprimkumar D. , Mendhe Avinash C. , Ghazal Aqsa , Kim Inkyum , Kim Daewon
Published: June 2024

In this study, a novel method is investigated for enhancing the electrochemical performance of MOFs, particularly Ni-MOFs, which have encountered challenges in energy storage applications owing to their limited electrical conductivity and stability.
Metal-ion exsolution effect to accelerate the reaction kinetics in Li–S batteries
Authors: Zhou Hongxu , Han Weichen , Chai Hongquan , Huang Hao , Zheng Jingang , Zhang Han , Li Lixiang , Zhou Weimin , An Baigang , Sun Chengguo
Published: June 2024

Nickel-rich NCM materials can provide the fast reaction kinetics through metal ions exsolution behavior during cycling in Li–S batteries.
A pH-responsive covalent organic network: morphology change leads to capture and removal of phosphate ions from water
Authors: Hazarika Gunanka , Das Sribash , Das Niku Moni , Manna Debasis
Published: June 2024

Development of water insoluble COF for efficient capture and recovery of phosphate from wastewater to mitigate the adverse effects of water eutrophication.
Building in vitro models for mechanistic understanding of liver regeneration in chronic liver diseases
Authors: Karnawat Khushi , Parthasarathy Rithika , Sakhrie Mesevilhou , Karthik Harikeshav , Krishna Konatala Vibhuvan , Balachander Gowri Manohari
Published: June 2024

The figure shows how impaired regeneration fuels CLD progression. It depicts how 3D bioprinted models can overcome the limitations of animal models and clinical/histopathological data, and provide mechanistic insights into liver regeneration.
A highly transparent and efficient luminescent solar concentrator based on nanosized molybdenum clusters and quantum-cutting perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Choi Jun , Kim Sung-Jin
Published: June 2024

Introducing a dual-luminophore LSC with rhenium nanoclusters and quantum-cutting perovskite for high-efficiency, transparent photovoltaic windows.
Connection position-induced aggregation-diminished and aggregation-enhanced organic room temperature electrophosphorescence
Authors: Lou Jiaxin , Xu Lulin , Ju Wanting , Wang Dong , Cheng Tianlin , Zhu Weiguo , Su Ning , Ding Junqiao
Published: June 2024

D31 and D32 with different connection positions exhibit aggregation-diminished and aggregation-enhanced organic room temperature electrophosphorescence, respectively.
Making cups and rings: the ‘stalled-wave’ model for macropinocytosis
Authors: Kay Robert R. , Lutton Judith E. , King Jason S. , Bretschneider Till
Published: June 2024

Macropinocytosis is a broadly conserved endocytic process discovered nearly 100 years ago, yet still poorly understood. It is prominent in cancer cell feeding, immune surveillance, uptake of RNA vaccines and as an invasion route for pathogens. Macropinocytic cells extend large cups or flaps from their plasma membrane to engulf droplets of medium and trap them in micron-sized vesicles. Here they are digested and the products absorbed. A major problem — discussed here — is to understand how cups are shaped and closed. Recently, lattice light-sheet microscopy has given a detailed description of this process in Dictyostelium amoebae, leading to the ‘stalled-wave’ model for cup formation and closure. This is based on membrane domains of PIP3 and active Ras and Rac that occupy the inner face of macropinocytic cups and are readily visible with suitable reporters. These domains attract activators of dendritic actin polymerization to their periphery, creating a ring of protrusive F-actin around themselves, thus shaping the walls of the cup. As domains grow, they drive a wave of actin polymerization across the plasma membrane that expands the cup. When domains stall, continued actin polymerization under the membrane, combined with increasing membrane tension in the cup, drives closure at lip or base. Modelling supports the feasibility of this scheme. No specialist coat proteins or contractile activities are required to shape and close cups: rings of actin polymerization formed around PIP3 domains that expand and stall seem sufficient. This scheme may be widely applicable and begs many biochemical questions.
Kidney organoids: steps towards better organization and function
Authors: Davies Jamie A. , Holland Ian , Gül Huseyin
Published: June 2024

Kidney organoids — 3D representations of kidneys made either from pluripotent or tissue stem cells — have been available for well over a decade. Their application could confer notable benefits over longstanding in vivo approaches with the potential for clinically aligned human cells and reduced ethical burdens. They been used, at a proof-of-concept level, in development in disease modeling (including with patient-derived stem cells), and in screening drugs for efficacy/toxicity. They differ from real kidneys: they represent only foetal-stage tissue, in their simplest forms they lack organ-scale anatomical organization, they lack a properly arranged vascular system, and include non-renal cells. Cell specificity may be improved by better techniques for differentiation and/or sorting. Sequential assembly techniques that mimic the sequence of natural development, and localized sources of differentiation-inducing signals, improve organ-scale anatomy. Organotypic vascularization remains a challenge: capillaries are easy, but the large vessels that should serve them are absent from organoids and, even in cultured real kidneys, these large vessels do not survive without blood flow. Transplantation of organoids into hosts results in their being vascularized (though probably not organotypically) and in some renal function. It will be important to transplant more advanced organoids, with a urine exit, in the near future to assess function more stringently. Transplantation of human foetal kidneys, followed by nephrectomy of host kidneys, keeps rats alive for many weeks, raising hope that, if organoids can be produced even to the limited size and complexity of foetal kidneys, they may one day be useful in renal replacement.
Design of an efficient dynamic context‐based privacy policy deployment model via dual bioinspired Q learning optimisations
Authors: Patel Namrata Jiten , Jadhav Ashish
Published: June 2024

A novel context‐based privacy policy deployment model enhanced with bioinspired Q‐learning optimisations is presented. The model addresses the challenge of maintaining privacy while ensuring data integrity and usability in various settings. Leveraging datasets including Adult (Census Income), Yelp, UC Irvine Machine Learning, and Movie Lens, the authors evaluate the model's performance against state‐of‐the‐art techniques, such as GEF AL, Deep Forest, and Robust Continual Learning. The approach employs Firefly Optimiser (FFO) and Ant Lion Optimiser (ALO) algorithms to dynamically adjust privacy parameters and handle large datasets efficiently. Additionally, Q‐learning enables intelligent decision‐making and rapid adaptation to changing data and network conditions and scenarios. Evaluation results demonstrate that the model consistently outperforms reference techniques across multiple metrics, including privacy levels, scalability, fidelity, and sensitivity management. By reducing reputational harm, minimising delays, and enhancing network quality, the model offers robust privacy protection without sacrificing data utility. Overall, a dynamic context‐based privacy policy deployment approach, enhanced with bioinspired Q‐learning optimisations, presents a significant advancement in privacy preservation methods. The combination of ALO, FFO, and Q‐learning techniques offers a practical solution to evolving data privacy challenges and enhances flexibility in various use case scenarios.
Energy injection adaptive technology for wireless power transmission based on parameter identification
Authors: Li Zhe , Li Lijuan
Published: June 2024

This paper presents an innovative adaptive strategy implemented in wireless power transmission (WPT) systems to overcome efficiency challenges due to coupling structure misalignment and load variability. A novel versatile transmitter, capable of alternating between single and dual voltage source states via two MOSFETs has been designed. Initially, the system operates in a single voltage source mode, mutual inductance and load characteristics are pinpointed using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Subsequently, the system transitions to dual voltage source mode, where it fine‐tunes the auxiliary voltage source's amplitude and phase based on the determined mutual inductance and load values to realize zero phase angle for optimal impedance matching. The experimental results show that this method can obviously improve the output power of WPT system. This method stands out for its simplicity, adaptability and rapid response, suggesting its potential for practical use in dynamic charging applications.
Investigation and implementation of a common ground DC‐DC buck converter with a novel control method for loss reduction in the converter
Authors: Sani Sajad Ghabeli , Banaei Mohamad Reza , Hosseini Seyed Hossein
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a new control method for loss reduction of two series buck converters. The proposed method can be applied to each series of buck converters with two power switches. To enhance the efficiency of the converter compared to other structures, a method based on determining operating cycles for loss reduction is employed, leading to increased output efficiency of the converter. Additionally, to demonstrate the efficiency improvement using the proposed method compared to the conventional approach, the efficiency of converter is calculated through theoretical computations under real conditions, and the output results are compared for both losses and efficiency. In addition, the proposed high‐buck converter in this paper benefits from a common ground advantage and exhibits a suitable conversion ratio. The high‐buck converters are used in numerous applications for situations with low voltage and low power. The most important applications for these converters are the power supply for mobile phones, tablets, and other portable electronic devices, battery chargers, and LED drivers. Here, in order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method, the MATLAB‐Simulink results are provided. Moreover, in order to show the feasibility of the high‐buck converter, a 100‐W prototype has been implemented and the experimental results are provided.
Empathisch, aber erschöpft?
Authors: Timmann Doris , Andreas Zohmann
Published: June 2024

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,

fühlen Sie sich auch manchmal ausgebrannt? So dass sogar die Geduld für Familie und
Freunde schwindet? Das betrifft viele von uns. Wir sind in der Praxis oft nicht nur
physisch, sondern auch emotional stark gefordert. Die ständige Konfrontation mit den
Leiden unserer Patienten (und deren Besitzern) kann an unsere Grenzen gehen und in
Mitleidserschöpfung resultieren. Auf unserer letzten Seite möchten wir Bewusstsein
für das Thema schaffen und Sie zur Selbstfürsorge anregen.
Ernährung bei Futtermittelallergien
Authors: Kölle Petra
Published: June 2024

Allergien, insbesondere Futtermittelallergien scheinen immer häufiger
vorzukommen. Kommerzielle Diäten, selbst gekochte Rationen, selbst
zusammengestellte Rationen oder BARF: Bei einer Futtermittelallergie kommen
mehrere Fütterungsstrategien infrage. Kennen Sie sich damit aus? Was sollte man
grundsätzlich wissen und welche Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Methoden
sowie mögliche Fehlerquellen gibt es?
Vergabe von Reinigungsdienstleistungen für Kliniken: Regelmäßig rein und rügefrei
Authors: van de Sande Kristin
Published: June 2024

Dass auch Krankenhaushygiene systemrelevant ist, hat nicht zuletzt die Coronapandemie in den Fokusgerückt. So selbstverständlich der Bedarf, ist die Beschaffung von Reinigungsdienstleistungen nach dem Vergaberecht doch eine Herausforderung. Denn die Beschreibung der Leistungen ist anspruchsvoll und der Bieterkreis scheut keinen Rechtsstreit. Ein Überblick über die Eckpunkte einer Ausschreibung.
Projektabschluss: 5G-RemRob als wirtschaftliche Unterstützung im Materialtransport
Authors: Müller Lukas , Hintze Marcus , van Wüllen Nadine , Merschmeier Sven
Published: June 2024

Eine Verbesserung der krankenhausinternen Materiallogistik hat einen Einfluss auf die Kostensituation und die Versorgungsqualität. Zukünftig können Transportroboter den Bereich unterstützen. Doch welchen wirtschaftlichen Nutzen kann das Investment in Transportroboter im Vergleich zum manuellen Transport aufweisen?
Krankenhauswäsche: Prozessvarianten und Kennzahlen für die Wäscheversorgung
Authors: Otten Hubert
Published: June 2024

Im Rahmen einer anonymisierten Umfrage konnten Kennzahlen zur Versorgung mit Stationswäsche und Berufskleidung gewonnen werden. Sie können Basis für ein Wäscheversorgungskonzept sein.
Polyp size is associated with colorectal cancer death across histologic polyp subtypes: a retrospective study of a screening colonoscopy registry
Authors: Zessner-Spitzenberg Jasmin , Waldmann Elisabeth , Rockenbauer Lisa-Maria , Demschik Alexandra , Penz Daniela , Trauner Michael , Ferlitsch Monika
Published: June 2024

Background Surveillance colonoscopy after polyps have been detected at screening aims to reduce the risk for subsequent colorectal cancer, so-called post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC). Inconsistencies exist as to whether the risk should be stratified by histologic subtype. We aimed to compare the risk for PCCRC mortality in screening participants with sessile serrated lesions (SSLs)/traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs), hyperplastic polyps (HPPs), or conventional adenomas.

Methods Screening colonoscopy registry data were linked to death registry data between 2010 and 2022. We assessed the association of PCCRC death after a diagnosis of SSL/TSA, conventional adenoma, or HPP by Cox regression, and stratified by polyp size ≥10 and <10 mm.

Results 383,801 participants were included in the analysis. There were 1490 HPPs ≥10 mm (2.6%), compared with 1853 SSL/TSAs (19.6%) and 10,960 conventional adenomas (12.9%). When adjusted for polyp location, the association of polyp size ≥10 mm with PCCRC death was of similar magnitude in participants with conventional adenomas (hazard ratio [HR] 3.68, 95%CI 2.49–5.44), SSL/TSAs (HR 2.55, 95%CI 1.13–5.72), and HPPs (HR 5.01, 95%CI 2.45–10.22). Participants with HPPs mostly died of tumors in the distal colon (54.1%; n = 20), while participants with SSL/TSAs more frequently died of proximal tumors (33.3%; n = 3).

Conclusions Across all histologic types, participants with polyps ≥10 mm had at least a two-fold increase in the likelihood of PCCRC death compared with those with polyps <10 mm. These data suggest that size, rather than histologic subtype, should be a determinant for risk stratification after screening colonoscopy.
Salvage Glue Embolization of Iatrogenic Alveolar-Pleural Fistula Following Lung Ablation
Authors: Li Yan-Lin , Preston Emma , Lyon Paul C. , Anderson Ewan M.
Published: June 2024

A 76-year-old smoker was referred to the interventional radiology team for thermal ablation of a solitary colorectal pulmonary metastasis. He underwent percutaneous microwave ablation that was complicated with extensive surgical emphysema due to an alveolar-pleural fistula. Percutaneous computed tomography (CT) guided glue embolization was performed resulting in fistula occlusion and resolution of surgical emphysema.
Research Progress on Chinese Medicine Regulation of Mitochondrial Damage for Intervention in Respiratory System Diseases
Authors: Li Haibo , Yang Jingfan , Qin Yanqin , Liu Tiantian
Published: June 2024

Mitochondria are important organelles in cells for energy production, and mitochondrial damage caused by various reasons is an important factor promoting disease progression. Mitochondrial damage involves structural damage and mitochondrial DNA damage, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of respiratory system diseases. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed the significant role of mitochondrial damage in the progression of respiratory system diseases, which may be an important target for the treatment of respiratory system diseases with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This article reviews the role of TCM in regulating mitochondrial damage for intervention in respiratory system diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury, asthma, and pneumonia, aiming to provide a basis for the study of the pathogenesis and drug action targets of respiratory system diseases.
Rescue Transsplenic Gastric Varices Embolization in a Patient of Massive Gastric Variceal Bleed Secondary to Complete Splanchnic Portal Venous System Thrombosis
Authors: Sahoo Biswajit , Panigrahi Manas Kumar , Nayak Manoj Kumar , Sasmal Prakash Kumar , Pitchaimuthu Arunprakash
Published: June 2024

Endoscopic sclerotherapy is the first-line modality to manage gastric variceal bleeding; however, knowledge of other treatment options is also essential, especially in case of failure of the endoscopic approach. We are reporting a rare case of successful rescue gastric varices embolization through the transsplenic route in a gastric varices bleeding patient who presented with massive hematemesis and blood from the ileostomy drain site secondary to complete splanchnic portal venous system thrombosis when all other treatment options were not feasible or unsafe. Proper cross-sectional imaging evaluation, knowledge of treatment options, and understanding of intraprocedural challenges are essential for managing gastric varices.
Endoscopic Ablation of Perihilar Biliary Malignancies
Authors: Buerlein Ross C. D. , Kundra Arjun , Wang Andrew Y.
Published: June 2024

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy arising from biliary epithelial cells and is subdivided based on the location within the biliary tree. The treatment of CCA differs based on the anatomical involvement within the biliary tree. Perihilar CCA (pCCA) arises between the cystic duct and the secondary branches of the right and left hepatic ducts. Surgical resection and liver transplantation offer the only hope for cure in pCCA, but, unfortunately, more than 80% of patients are considered surgically unresectable at the time of diagnosis resulting in a limited overall life expectancy of less than 1 year. For patients with surgically unresectable pCCA, treatment options are limited and include chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy and biliary drainage via endoscopic stenting or percutaneous drainage with minimal overall survival benefits. However, endobiliary ablation options like photodynamic therapy (PDT), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and, to a lesser degree, intraluminal brachytherapy have shown improvements in overall survival and improvements in stent patency and now should be considered for all cases of surgically unresectable pCCA. In fact, the 2023 American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) Clinical Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of biliary strictures recommend endobiliary ablation (PDT or RFA) for patients with surgically unresectable pCCA rather than stenting alone.
A league made in the economy’s image: destabilised stability and the English Premier League’s Minsky moment
Authors: Jackson James , Silverwood James
Published: June 2024

The English Premier League (EPL) has drawn the attention of scholars from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds in recent years, yet its underlying economic model and the politics underpinning it remain underexplored within the literature. To address this gap, we situate the EPL within Minsky’s Financial Instability Hypothesis (FIH) to examine the unstable financial foundations upon which the sporting enterprise is built. As such, we contend that the EPL can be understood as a reflection of the broader pathology of British politics since the 1980s. By placing the EPL within the Minsky cycle, we demonstrate how the actors that make up the league skirt the boundaries of hedge, speculative and Ponzi financiers, as the over-leveraging of clubs becomes ever more contingent upon debt-based instruments and loss-leading broadcasters to preserve the league’s economic status. Contrary to the tendency to abstract the role of fans from the economics of football, we conclude that what prevents the league from reaching its own collapse in asset values—known as a Minsky moment—is them providing the ‘effective demand’ for football.
Audit report lag and key audit matters in Australia
Authors: Rahaman Md. Mustafizur , Bhuiyan Md. Borhan Uddin
Published: June 2024

We aim to investigate the impact of mandatory key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure on audit report lag (ARL). Additionally, we examine the potential moderating effect of firm size on the association between KAMs and ARL. We conduct Ordinary Least Square regression analyses using a sample of 602 firm-year observations from 2018 to 2020. Our findings indicate that the disclosure of KAMs is associated with a reduction in firm ARL. Furthermore, we find that the association between KAMs and ARL is particularly pronounced in large firms, suggesting that the impact of KAMs disclosure on ARL is more significant in this context. Additionally, our research reveals that the negative association between KAMs disclosure and ARL becomes more prominent when the education level of the audit committee chair is higher. Our findings underscore the importance of transparent reporting through KAMs disclosure and the role of knowledgeable and educated individuals in audit committees in facilitating a more efficient and timely audit process. Also, our finding indicates that the beneficial effect of KAMs may be more noticeable to larger firms.
Colonial policy, ecological transformations, and agricultural “improvement”: comparing agricultural yields and expansion in the Spanish and U.S. Philippines, 1870–1925 CE
Authors: Findley David Max , Amano Noel , Biong Ivana , Bankoff Greg , Dacudao Patricia Irene , Gealogo Francis , Hamilton Rebecca , Pagunsan Ruel , Roberts Patrick
Published: June 2024

Burgeoning global trade and colonial policies promoted transformations in land use and agriculture throughout tropical regions in the 19thand 20thcenturies, but the local and regional ecological consequences of landscape changes are still being identified and analysed. The Philippine Archipelago, which experienced successive colonial regimes across more than 7100 islands, exemplifies the multiplicity of ecological outcomes produced by these transformations. To better characterise diverse landscape change, we use colonial censuses and datasets to assess land use, production and agricultural yields in the Philippines during the late Spanish and early U.S. colonial periods (ca. 1870–1925). Our novel digital, quantitative analysis indicates that, at the national and provincial scales, agricultural production and land use increased for all major crops in both periods, while agricultural yields were mostly constant. Our results suggest that colonial investments to “improve” Philippine agriculture, specifically their efforts to increase production per hectare, were not effective. Our provincial-scale analysis also confirms the importance of distinct labour patterns, geographies and socio-political arrangements in defining this period’s ecological consequences, and we provide quantified and historically contextualised data in a format amenable to ecologists to promote future, localised historic ecological research.
Echoes of the gothic: transmedia reinterpretations of Edgar Allan Poe’s legacy in independent films and video games
Authors: Torres-Toukoumidis Angel , León-Alberca Tatiana , Henriquez-Mendoza Eduardo
Published: June 2024

This study critically examines the development of audiovisual and interactive content that draws on Edgar Allan Poe’s oeuvre, with a particular focus on the interplay of transmedia storytelling and gothic elements within these narratives. Utilizing summative content analysis and non-participant observation, this research investigates five films and five independent video games that reinterpret Poe’s literary themes. The results underscore the necessity of incorporating Mythos, Topos, and Ethos in adaptations to faithfully evoke the profound emotional resonance and explore the psychological and existential dilemmas inherent in Poe’s works. Our analysis reveals distinct narrative strategies in cinema and video games: while horror predominates in film, integrating supernatural elements to evoke fear, video games predominantly leverage noir, crafting complex crime narratives infused with cynicism and dark ambiance. Additionally, the study highlights how gothic elements of abjection and sublimity are leveraged to navigate themes of mortality, morality, and the uncanny, thereby ensuring the continued relevance of Poe’s legacy in contemporary media landscapes. This adaptation process not only preserves the essence of Poe’s narrative but also dynamically engages a modern audience through innovative transmedia platforms, illustrating the enduring impact of his work on popular culture.
Role of anion–cation antisites in Zn-based II–IV–V2 chalcopyrite semiconductors
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Huang Menglin , Wu Yu-Ning , Chen Shiyou
Published: June 2024

Since the order–disorder phase transition easily occurs during the growth of optoelectronic II–IV–V2 ternary compounds, cation–cation antisites were always considered as the major point defects, while anion-related defects did not attract sufficient attention. In this paper, based on first-principles simulations, the anion–cation antisites are revealed to be comparable to or even dominate over the cation–cation antisites in II–IV–V2 phosphides and arsenides. These antisite defects are predicted to have significant impacts on the optoelectronic properties because they can either act as nonradiative recombination centers or enhance the p-type carrier concentration. Furthermore, based on the calculated defect properties and band alignments, we propose that the alloy ZnGe(P,As)2 can be an efficient p-type solar cell absorber. Its maximal open circuit voltage is effectively enlarged by the low valence band edge; meanwhile, the dominating anion–cation antisites are electrically benign. These results highlight the necessity of considering the anion–cation antisites in the defect engineering of II–IV–V2 phosphides and arsenides.
An optical fiber integrated device for nonlinear generation of femtosecond mid-infrared pulses
Authors: Kempf H. , Hagner M. , Sulzer P. , Riek C. , Leitenstorfer A.
Published: June 2024

Compact and broadband mid-infrared (MIR) sources are in high demand because of a wide range of potential applications such as molecular sensing in the fingerprint region. The generation of coherent MIR radiation at arbitrary frequencies typically requires nonlinear mixing between at least two input waves, which is often cumbersome to implement. We present an integrated and, therefore, adjustment-free solution combining few-femtosecond pulse compression in a germanosilicate optical fiber and optical rectification. To this end, a 16-μm-thin GaSe crystal is directly mounted on the end facet of a highly nonlinear fiber assembly exploiting a focused ion beam. With input pulses of a minute energy of 5 nJ and a duration of 120 fs at the telecom wavelength of 1.55 μm, we directly obtain ultrabroadband and phase-stable output transients. Electro-optic sampling in free space reveals single-cycle pulses with spectral components covering the entire MIR from 10 to 120 THz.
Heterogeneous pressure transmission behavior of layered liquid bridge
Authors: Liang Jing , Zhang Liwen , Guo Yurun , Wang Yan , Yan Xin , Song Xinyu , Zhang Kaiteng , Zhou Xinzhao , Zhang Shengbin , Chen Huawei
Published: June 2024

Molecular-level liquid bridges at contact interfaces have a much more important impact on micro-/nanosystems and flexible wearable sensors. However, their dynamic behavior and mechanical properties are still vague due to the limitations of current characterization methods. Here, under the support of molecular dynamic simulations on smooth, pillared, and concave pillared plates, the heterogeneous anisotropic pressure distribution of layered liquids is found to be distinct from the isotropic pressure distribution in the macroscale liquid bridge. Oscillating interfacial contact forces appear in the period of layered liquid compression due to the oscillating system free energy, in which the peak forces greatly increase as the number of layers decreases. The layered liquids with impressively remarkable solid-like pressure-bearing capacity at the gigapascal level and exceptional fluidity along confined atomic layers can spontaneously strengthen adhesion vertically and facilitate pressure transport horizontally, respectively. The significance of layered liquids in contact systems can improve our understanding of liquid bridges at the molecular level, which is beneficial for interfacial mechanical regulation.
Stability of floating objects at a two-fluid interface
Authors: Anderson Daniel M , Bishop Patrick R , Brant Mark , Castaneda Guzman Gabriela , Sander Evelyn , Thomas Gina
Published: June 2024

We explore the stability of floating objects at a two-fluid interface through mathematical modeling and experimentation. Our models are based on standard ideas of center of gravity, center of buoyancy, and Archimedes’ Principle extended to the two-fluid scenario. We investigate floating shapes with uniform, two-dimensional cross sections and identify analytically and/or computationally a potential energy landscape that helps identify stable and unstable floating orientations. We compare our analyses and computations to experiments on floating objects designed and created through 3D printing. Additionally, the paper includes open problems for further study.
Magnetic vortex polarity reversal induced gyrotropic motion spectrum splitting in a ferromagnetic disk
Authors: Cui Xiaomin , Hu Shaojie , Hidaka Yohei , Yakata Satoshi , Kimura Takashi
Published: June 2024

We investigate the gyrotropic motion of the magnetic vortex core in a chain of a few micron-sized Permalloy disks by electrical resistance measurement with amplitude-modulated magnetic field. We observe a distinctive splitting of the resistance peak due to the resonant vortex-core motion under heightened radio frequency (RF) magnetic field excitation. Our micromagnetic simulation identifies the splitting of the resonant peak as an outcome of vortex polarity reversal under substantial RF amplitudes. This study enhances our understanding of nonlinear magnetic vortex dynamics amidst large RF amplitudes and proposes a potential pathway for spintronic neural computing thanks to their unique and controllable magnetization dynamics.