bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES FISIKA BERBASIS HOTS TINGKAT SMA DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Weisdiyanti Nurhikmah , Juliani Rita
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian pengembangan instrumen tes berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills yang bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen yang memenuhi aspek validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, tingkat kesukaran dan efektivitas pengecoh. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan Research and Development model Borg & Gall dengan tahapan analisis masalah dan kebutuhan instrumen tes HOTS, perencanaan pengembangan dan pengujian instrumen, pengembangan instrumen tes berbasis HOTS, uji validasi ahli materi, konstruksi dan bahasa, revisi validasi ahli, uji skala kecil di SMAN 11 Medan, revisi instrumen skala kecil, uji skala besar di SMAN 11 Medan dan SMAS Budi Satrya, serta revisi instrumen skala besar. Hasil uji validasi ahli diperoleh instrumen tes valid. Hasil uji skala kecil diperoleh 93% item valid, sangat reliabel, 87% daya beda baik, 93% kesukaran sedang serta 67% distraktor baik. Hasil uji skala besar diperoleh 87% valid, reliabel, 73% daya beda baik, 67% kesukaran sedang, dan 93% distraktor baik sehingga instrumen tes layak mengukur keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Research on the development of test instrumens based on Higher Order Thinking Skills has been carried out which aims to develop instrumens that meet the aspects of validity, reliability, differentiation, difficulty level and deceptive effectiveness. The type of research used is the Borg & Gall Research and Development model with the stages of analyzing the problems and needs of the HOTS test instrumen, planning development and testing of instrumens, developing HOTS-based test instrumens, validating material experts, construction and language, revision of expert validation, small-scale testing SMAN 11 Medan, small scale instrumen revision, large scale test at SMAN 11 Medan and SMAS Budi Satrya, and large scale instrumen revision. Expert validation test results obtained valid test instrumens. Small scale test results obtained 93% valid items, very reliable, 87% good difference power, 93% moderate difficulty and 67% good distractors. Large scale test results obtained 87% valid, reliable, 73% good difference power, 97% moderate difficulty, and 93% good distractors so that the test instrumen is feasible to measure higher order thinking skills.
Analisis Uji Fisis Keramik Berpori Berbahan Clay dan Kulit Kakao
Authors: Jumiati Ety , Daulay Abdul Halim , Pratiwi Dewi -
Published: May 2023

Keramik berpori adalah keramik dengan pori-pori dengan distribusi ukuran tertentu dan porositas yang relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui uji fisis keramik berpori dan mengetahui variasi paling optimum. Peneltian ini menggunakan komposisi clay dan kulit kakao dengan variasi sampel A (75%:25%), B (70%:30%), C (65%:35%), dan D (60%:40%). Parameter pengujian uji fisis keramik berpori yaitu Penyerapan Air dan Porositas. Hasil pengukuran penyerapan sudah memenuhi SNI 8640:2018 Tentang standart mutu bata ringan pasangan dinding. Sedangkan pengukuran porositas sudah sesuai dengan referensi penelitian sebelumnya. Variasi optimum yang didapat yaitu pada sampel D dengan nilai pengukuran penyerapan air keramik berpori sebesar 21,73% dan pengukuran porositas keramik berpori sebesar 13,54%.Kata kunci : Keramik Berpori, Kulit Kakao, clay
Desain dan Pengembangan Perangkat Perkuliahan Mata Kuliah Fisika Umum Berbasis STEM Pada Materi Mekanika
Authors: Ramadhani, S.Pd., M.Pd Irham , Purwanto Purwanto , Sinaga Lihardo Rotua
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar Fisika Umum berbasis STEM pada materi mekanika. Perangkat perkuliahan dikembangkan berdasarkan pendekatan STEM, sehingga pembelajaran fisika umum siswa dapat diterapkan pada mahasiswa jurusan rumpun MIPA pada umumnya. Bahan ajar yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis CPL dan CPMK, peta kompetensi mata kuliah, RPS, bahan ajar, media, panduan praktikum, LKM, dan instrumen evaluasi. Bahan ajar telah divalidasi oleh ahli materi dan media dengan kategori sangat baik. Selanjutnya perangkat perkuliahan juga telah dilakukan uji coba terbatas pada mahasiswa dan hasilnya dalam kategori baik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis STEM yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan dalam perkuliahan Fisika Umum pada materi Mekanika.
La unificación del hinduismo antes de la época colonial
Authors: Lorenzen David N
Published: May 2023

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La concepción de los todos y las partes en el autismo infantil temprano
Authors: Carbone Nora Cecilia , Piazze Gastón Pablo
Published: May 2023

Este artículo apareció por primera vez en 1951 en la revista American Journal of Psychiatry con el título de “The conception of wholes and parts in early infantile  autism”. En 1973 se publicó en Childhood psychosis: initial studies and new insights (pp. 63-68), editado por V.H. Winston & Sons Inc., en la ciudad de Washington D.C. La presente traducción al español corresponde a esta última fuente y estuvo a cargo de Nora Carbone y Gastón Piazze. Los autores de la misma obtuvieron el permiso correspondiente de carácter no exclusivo para esta publicación electrónica por parte de John Wiley & Sons.

Copyright © 1973 V. H. Winston & Sons Inc. Todos los derechos reservados.
Santa Sé e sua personalidade jurídica sui generis de direito internacional público
Authors: Lima Matheus Eduardo de , Gonçalves Ane Elise Brandalise
Published: May 2023

Considera-se que a sociedade internacional é composta de diversos sujeitos detentores de personalidade jurídica, sendo uma delas a Santa Sé, a qual, contudo, possui características que a diferenciam dos demais. Assim, para melhor compreensão da sociedade internacional e de seu regramento conferido pelo Direito Internacional Público, faz-se necessário estabelecer quem são esses sujeitos e seus interesses perante a sociedade internacional, bem como as condições existentes na relação com os principais entes de personalidade jurídica existentes. Neste contexto, este artigo tem por finalidade demonstrar a personalidade jurídica da Santa Sé, evidenciando a sua particularidade sui generis enquanto sujeito de Direito Internacional Público. Para isso, em primeiro momento será apresentada a sociedade internacional e os sujeitos de personalidade jurídica que a compõem e que são parte deste ramo jurídico. Também será identificado quem é a Santa Sé e sua relação com o Estado do Vaticano, pois tratam-se de figuras que não se confundem, mas que estão intrinsecamente relacionadas. Por fim, será apresentado as considerações acerca da personalidade jurídica da Santa Sé como um sujeito sui generis do Direito Internacional Público. O artigo utiliza-se do método da pesquisa explicativa, por meio de fontes bibliográficas sobretudo oriundas do ramo do Direito Internacional.
Dharan Water Supply System - Alarming Issues and Future
Authors:   Madan Bhandari Memorial Academy, Urlabari, Nepal, Yadav Jangbahadur Prasad
Published: May 2023

This study examines the critical issue of water scarcity in the Dharan Sub-metropolitan city, analyzing the various factors that are driving factors driving water demand and proposing strategies and ensuring water security. This study finds that factors replace with the rapid expansion of residential areas, increasing population, steeper slopes, changing lifestyles, natural hazards, technical and management leakage are major contributors to the growing water shortages in the area, leading to a situation of water instability. However, the study also identifies that factor such as precipitation, geology, soil types, potential water sources in the area offer opportunities for stabilizing the water supply in Dharan Sub-metropolitan. This study highlights the combined effect of these various active factors that led to an increase in per capita demand of water from 71 to 100 lpcd. This increasing water demand and shrinking of surface water led to Interrupted Water pumping and overexploitation. Additionally, the study indicates that due to high level of Non-Revenue Water (NRW) up-to 40%, certain parts of the city’s residents are facing major difficulties in accessing clean drinking water. The study also finds that positive changes in precipitation, supportive soil types and geology in the city of Dharan increases the potential for water recharge and harvesting. In order to achieve a sustainable and climate-resilient water supply, the study recommends implementing Water management tools likewise protective measures for critical water zones, stabilizing stream banks and gullies for surface water source improvement, artificial recharge of the city through Climate Adaptive Recharge Pits (CARP) and slope interception methods, as well as community-based water harvesting for groundwater source improvement. Furthermore, the study suggests establishing R&D unit involving national and local level experts and stakeholders for better planning and management.
The Impact of Countries’ Participation in the ICT Services Market on Economic Growth, CPI, and Exchange Rates
Authors: Oliinyk Andrii
Published: May 2023

Finding a way of achieving economic growth in the crisis period due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and probable global regression aggravates the need for the implementation of managerial solutions of entering or intensifying participation in the perspective markets. The ICT industry has been a locomotive of economic development for the last decade for participating economies. The basic idea of the paper is based on the need to analyze the impact of countries’ participation in the ICT services market on their economic growth, consumer price indices (CPI), and exchange rates. The purpose was achieved by performing an analysis of the state and dynamics of the main indicators of the world ICT services market. The results show that the volume of ICT services exported and imported is growing. Moreover, we aimed to provide empirical evidence on the ICT services market’s impact on the economic parameters of the countries. We proposed a statistical model of Pearson’s r regression, based on the data of GDP values, CPI, and exchange rates of the 30 largest markets accounting for more than 90% of the ICT world market. The core results demonstrate stronger ICT services export and import correlation with GDP for economies with lower GDP per capita. The model shows a high success rate depending on variables. Based on the results obtained during modelling, propositions, and recommendations for countries with different socio-economic development levels were given.
Макроэкономические пропорции и факторы социально- экономического развития Забайкальского края
Authors: Федотов Дмитрий Юрьевич , Буров Виталий Юрьевич
Published: May 2023

Аннотация. Решением российского правительства Забайкальский край несколько лет назад включен вместе с Республикой Бурятией в состав Дальневосточного федерального округа. Авторами выполнен сравнительный анализ социально-экономического развития за последние 5 лет. Установлено значительное отставание основных макроэкономических показателей этого региона от среднероссийских показателей, что объясняется низкой плотностью транспортной и энергетической инфраструктуры на северных территориях сосредоточения больших запасов полезных ископаемых, а также сравнительно высокой стоимостью электроэнергии. Особый акцент сделан на исследовании проблемы формирования в регионе человеческого капитала. Доказано, что миграционный отток населения в последние годы в Забайкальском крае превышает уровень близких по природно-климатическим условиям соседних субъектов Российской Федерации. Ключевые слова: Забайкальский край, социально-экономическое положение, сравнительный анализ, динамика последних лет, человеческий капитал, миграционный отток, оценка.
Accounting for deferred taxes in the initial recognition of assets and liabilities. Part 2
Authors: AKSENT'EV Andrei A.
Published: May 2023

Subject. This article discusses the methodological particularities of recording deferred taxes arising from the initial recognition of assets and liabilities.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze the approaches of the developers of American and International Standards in terms of accounting for deferred taxes in the initial recognition of assets and liabilities, as well as characterize the problems of the Initial Recognition Exemption – IRE rule, and propose areas for their elimination.
Methods. The research is speculative. For the study, I used the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the method of collecting theoretical and regulatory information, the method of formalization, as well as analysis, synthesis, observation, and comparison.
Results. The article summarizes the foreign experience of accounting for deferred taxes at the initial recognition of an asset. It describes the key situations for applying the simultaneous equation method in accordance with American practices, and justifies the economic benefits of using this approach.
Conclusions and Relevance. The IRE rule does not provide an opportunity to reliably disclose information about the impact of taxation on the financial position of the company at the initial recognition of assets and liabilities. The method of simultaneous equations eliminates this problem, but there are contradictions associated with the understanding of fair value, which is adjusted for deferred taxes. It is necessary to use the American experience in improving standards and conduct additional theoretical research to develop methodological approaches to accounting for deferred taxes at the initial recognition of assets and liabilities. The results of the study can be useful to practitioners in the field of deferred tax accounting, as well as analysts and researchers whose activities are focused on accounting, taxation, and other persons concerned who study the theoretical and financial aspects of deferred taxes.
Demographic well-being and social infrastructure facilities availability: The Republic of Karelia municipalities case study
Authors: FEDOROVA Anastasiya V. , EMEL'YANOVA Elena G. , KUZ'MENKOV Aleksandr A.
Published: May 2023

Subject. This article analyzes the quality of life of the population of the Republic of Karelia.
Objectives. The article aims to identify key trends in the development of social infrastructure in the Republic of Karelia.
Methods. For the study, we used retrospective and statistical analyses.
Results. The article describes four groups of municipalities of the Republic of Karelia depending on the level of demographic well-being and social infrastructure provision.
Conclusions. The results of the study can be used by regional authorities when designing programmes for the strategic development of the economy.
The impact of the digital divide of the Russian Federation regions on the e-commerce expansion
Authors: REVINOVA Svetlana Yu. , KAISAROVA Tat’yana S.
Published: May 2023

Subject. This article discusses the prospects for the development of electronic commerce in Russia.
Objectives. The article aims to identify and systematize the factors that determine the development of digitalization, as well as compare federal districts in terms of the degree of involvement of the population in the electronic commerce system.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of logical, comparative, and statistical analyses.
Results. The article finds that the leaders in the development of electronic commerce are regions that are characterized by a high level of digitalization of the economy, namely the Central, Northwestern, and Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal Districts.
Conclusions. The digital competence of the Russian population is the main factor determining the development of electronic commerce.
تحليل واقع الاستثمار السياحي ومعوقاتها في إقليم كوردستان بالتركيز على محافظة دهوك
Authors: Mohammed Saeed Rasheed Hashim , Ramadhan Obaid Salah
Published: May 2023

يلعب القطاع السياحي دوراً فعالاً ومؤثراً في عملية التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية للعديد من الدول، وذلك من خلال آثارها الايجابية في خلق فرص الاستثمار من خلال جذب رؤوس الاموال المحلية والاجنبية، وخلق فرص العمل وزيادة الايرادات العامة، بالإضافة إلى نقل التكنولوجيا الجديدة ومهارات وأساليب الادارية الحديثة إلى داخل البلد، وبالتالي رفع من معدلات النمو الاقتصادي.

وتهدف الدراسة إلى بيان أهمية وخصائص ومحددات الاستثمار السياحي، ومن ثم مقومات البيئة الاستثمارية السياحية ومعوقاتها في اقليم كوردستان، ومن ثم تحليل وواقع الاستثمار السياحي من خلال التركيز على محافظة دهوك خلال المدة (2007ــ2018)، وكشف حجم رؤوس الاموال المستثمرة في هذا القطاع ومقارنتها بالقطاعات الاخرى من حيث النسب وعدد المشاريع المتنفذة. إذ تبين من التحليل انه وبالرغم من توافر كافة الشروط ومتطلبات تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية ورفع مساهمة القطاع السياحي في تكوين الناتج المحلي الإجمالي. إلا ان الاستثمار في هذا القطاع لم يكون بالمستوى المطلوب بسبب انعدام الرؤية والخطط اللازمة لتطوير السياحة وجعلها مورداً رئيسياً لإقليم كوردستان، والتهميش وعدم استغلال الامكانيات المادية والبشرية المتاحة بسبب عدم الاستقرار السياسي وظهور الخلافات بين الحكومة الاتحادية وحكومة اقليم كوردستان وتفاقم الازمة المالية والفساد والبيروقراطية في الاداء الحكومي. كما تبين من نتائج التحليل هذه الدراسة ان مساهمة الاستثمار الاجنبي في اقليم كوردستان وخصوصاً في محافظة دهوك خلال مدة الدراسة كان متواضعاً خصوصاً بعد سنة 2014. إذ كان الجزء الاكبر من الاستثمارات في هذا القطاع الحيوي كانت محلية، في الوقت الذي تحتاج هذا القطاع إلى تشجيع الاستثمار الداخلي والخارجي معاً بهدف تطويرها وتأهيلها إلى مستوى المطلوب.
Effects of Background Cues on Videoconference Interview Ratings
Authors: Powell Deborah , Kavanagh Maria , Wiseman Bethany , Hodgins Audrey
Published: May 2023

nterviewers regularly make personality-related attributions in interviews, whether purposefully or not. In this study, we examined whether changing a contextual cue in a videoconference interview (the cleanliness of the room where the interviewee is located) influenced interviewers’ ratings of interviewee conscientiousness and interview performance ratings. We conducted a between-subjects experiment (N = 389) and manipulated three factors: background cleanliness (clean vs. messy) x location (office vs. home) x gender of job candidate (man vs. woman). The dependent variables were conscientiousness ratings and interview performance ratings. There was a main effect of cleanliness on conscientiousness and on interview performance ratings; these results were consistent in both the office and the home setting. The findings may inform best practices for participants in videoconference interviews.
Identifying Critical Psychological Characteristics Related to Successful Performance as a Contact Tracer: A Job Analysis
Authors: Dalal Dev , Randall Jason , Danna Gabrielle , Ash Josh
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for a massive workforce of contact tracers to help end the global pandemic. Rapidly accelerating the recruitment, selection, and training of contact tracers proved to be difficult, though, due in part to the lack of a valid, structured, and systematic approach to hiring and training contact tracers. This demonstration presents the results of the first steps in developing a systematic selection and training program: a combined (worker- and task-oriented) job analysis of the contact tracer job. Using archival records and structured interviews with 15 subject matter experts, we identified 25 unique characteristics related to successful performance as a contact tracer. We also identify which KSAOs are needed as part of selection versus those that can be trained and develop predictive hypotheses for each. Results jump-start the process of developing a systematic approach to selecting and training contact tracers to help navigate current and future public health emergencies.
Sistem IoT Berbasis Fuzzy Inference Engine Untuk Penilaian Kualitas Udara
Authors: Choiri Achmad Firman , Setyati Endang , Chandra Francisca H
Published: May 2023

Penurunan kualitas udara salah satu pengaruh bagi kesehatan pernapasan manusia yaitu meningkatkan kemungkinan kematian akibat infeksi COVID-19. Pada lingkungan banyak sekali faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas udara dan penelitian ini melakukan pengembangan kecerdasan perangkat sistem pengukur kualitas udara berbasis IoT-fuzzy dilengkapi beberapa sensor-sensor yang mampu melakukan pemantauan kualitas udara sebagai monitoring ruangan [1][2][3][4]. Memanfaatkan Fuzzy Inference System sebagai metode terobosan yang dapat menentukan kondisi diantara 0 dan 1. Fuzzy Inference Engine pada penelitian ini mengadopsi metode Mamdani dengan spesifikasi memiliki 5 variabel input sensor yaitu Sensor MQ-131, Sensor PM 2.5, Sensor MQ-7, Sensor MQ-135 dan Sensor MP503 [3] dengan masing-masing memiliki 6 himpunan fuzzy input dan memiliki 2 variabel output dengan masing masing memiliki 6 himpunan fuzzy output. Memiliki 1296 rule diterapkan sebagai aturan untuk output AQI dan 216 rule di terapkan pada aturan untuk output VOC, maka aturan secara keseluruhan yang diterapkan adalah 1512 rule. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan Air Purifier sebagai Ground Truth agar dapat melihat perbandingan perubahan nilai sensor pada kandungan udara dalam beberapa ruangan disaat sebelum menggunakan Air Purifier dan sesudahnya [1]. Selain itu juga mebandingkan hasil fuzzifikasi terhadap semua output AQI dan VOC dengan Simulink Matlab apakah dari perhitungan dari sistem ada perbedaan atau sama.
Teknologi React Native Pada Aplikasi Mobile Pemilihan Anggota Terbaik dan Pencatatan Point Bank Sampah
Authors: Kusumaningrum Anggraini , Zulkifli Diki , Indrianingsih Yuliani , Pujiastuti Asih
Published: May 2023

The increase in people's consumption patterns in the Kalirejo area, Central Lampung has an impact on increasing the volume of waste. The Sidodadi Trash Bank is an alternative in the context of waste management at the community level. Sidodadi Trash Bank in its management requires recording activities and rankings for all its members which are calculated every year with the aim of providing rewards for the best members. Recording and ranking activities are still done manually, therefore a Decision Support System (SPK)-based application is presented to facilitate the activities of the Sidodadi Trash Bank. This application can be used for administrators and also all members of the Sidodadi Trash Bank. This application was created using visual studio software and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The results of the calculation of the SAW method on the data of five members manually proved to be the same as the results of the system calculations, namely 0,99, which was won by Novita Sari. Testing Device was carried out on Android versions 7.1.1 Nougat, 7.1.2 Nougat, 8.0.0 Oreo, 8.1 Oreo, and 9.0.0 Pie and all worked. From the test results, it is found that the application runs well at least on the Android 5.0 Lollipop version.
Maternal and neonatal repercursions of pregnancy in adolescence
Authors: Ribeiro Lívia , Carvalho Daniela , Souza Junior João , Kassar Samir
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of maternal age on birth weight and other related factors. METHODS: the present study consists of a retrospective cohort carried out in two public maternity hospitals in Maceió - Brazil. The sample consisted of 84 puerperal women (28 adolescents and 56 aged between 20 and 30 years) and their respective newborns. RESULTS: Teenage pregnancy was significantly associated with low birth weight, inadequate prenatal consultations number, disproportionate Roher Index, father and mother of the child not living in the same household and prematurity. A difference of 471.5g occurred in newborns from young adult mothers compared to children of teen mothers. The use of alcohol, drugs and contraceptive methods did not obtain statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the unfavorable socioeconomic and perinatal conditions of teen mothers compared to young adults, maternal age less than 16 years seems to have influenced the lower mean birth weight and the association of low birth weight and delayed uterine growth in this group of adolescents.
Fatores de risco relacionados à falha de extubação em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica
Authors: Carvalho Haroldo , Fioretto José , Thomazi Lívia , Carpi Mário , Bonatto Rossano , Santos Beatriz , Martin Joelma , Campos Fábio
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION: Mechanical changes are the ventilatory support used to maintain lung function while the cause of intubation is reversed, and it has greatly contributed to increased survival in intensive care units, however, the need for orotracheal intubation, especially for prolonged periods, brought concerns about the failure to withdraw this support. Extubation failure is a worldwide problem, and a search for predictors, risk factors and therapies capable of preventing it has mobilized research groups. Objectives: We present the results of an observational study carried out in a pediatric intensive care unit for one year, which aimed to identify risk factors related to extubation failure in children and adolescents mechanically ventilated for at least 48 hours. METHODS: Eighty-five children aged between 29 days and 15 years of age were included, of which 11 (12.9%) required reintubation. RESULTS: In our sample, the risk factors found were age less than 3 months [OR: 2.71], mechanics for more than 15 days [OR: 7.30], fatal from shock [OR: 2.45], fatal of cardiorespiratory arrest [OR: 8.0] and those who were drilled to intubation cannula changes [1.97]. CONCLUSION: These conditions increased the risk of extubation failure in our sample.
Challenges in the implementation of Palliative Care in Neonatology: an integrative review
Authors: Rodrigues Bárbara , Boscolo Ana Paula , Leão Letícia , Reis Marcelo , Pimenta Lucas , Lima Jussara
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal palliative care has been increasingly integrated promoting individualized care, centered on maternal and family bonds. Even progress, there are several difficulties in the implementation of conducts. OBJECTIVE: To emphasize the importance and mains difficulties in implementing neonatal palliative care. METHODS: Bibliographic survey in PubMed and Lilacs databases. The descriptor used “neonatal palliative care”, “neonatology” and “difficulties”. Ten articles were selected at the end of review. CONCLUSION: Neonatal palliative care has made great advances; however, its implementation remains a challenge, not only on the part of the family, but also due to the lack of training and qualification of professionals in the field. This shows the importance of continuing education and creating protocols that meet the needs of patients.
Regression and Flame Structure in Cavity Flameholding Solid-Fuel Ramjet Fuel Grains
Authors: Gallegos Dominic , Pace Henry , Arnold Charles , Massa Luca , Young Gregory
Published: May 2023

Introducing cavity flameholders into a solid-fuel ramjet fuel grain demonstrated increased fuel loading with sustained combustion in previously unfavorable geometries. Volumetric fuel loading improvements of up to 26% were demonstrated to sustain combustion. Regression patterns of cavity fuel grains are presented and show that the effect of implementing a cavity flameholder is to change the location of maximum regression and the reattachment point. The addition of a cavity flameholder does not appear to have a significant effect on combustion efficiency. However, it is noteworthy that longer cavities increased the chamber pressure above what was observed for a center-perforated fuel grains as a result of the increased mass addition and higher equivalence ratio associated with the higher regression rate. Large-eddy simulation computations were performed using a fourth-order discontinuous Galerkin finite element solver with a novel flamelet and progress variable formulation. The predictions agree well with the experiments and point to the increased heat transfer for longer cavities as the main flameholder mechanism. The larger heat feedback is supported by the formation of a stronger recirculation region, which leads to increased coherent fluctuations due to the transition between local and global instabilities.
Computationally Efficient Collision-Free Trajectory Planning of Satellite Swarms Under Unmodeled Orbital Perturbations
Authors: Basu Himadri , Pedari Yasaman , Almassalkhi Mads , Ossareh Hamid R.
Published: May 2023

This paper studies the problem of collision-free trajectory planning for a satellite swarm reconfiguration under perturbations and modeling uncertainties in a low Earth orbit (LEO). Determining exact trajectory planning solutions is computationally heavy as they require solving a mixed-integer nonlinear program owing to i) nonlinear relative dynamic models of satellites, ii) fuel-optimal assignment of satellites on the final formation, and iii) nonconvex collision avoidance constraints. To address these, first, a suitable linear model for trajectory planning is identified by quantifying modeling accuracy associated with various models capturing LEO perturbations. The effects of any residual modeling errors in the path prediction are mitigated by shrinking-horizon model-predictive feedback control, which updates the control command based on the latest satellite measurements. Secondly, an optimal swarm configuration is efficiently computed by decoupling the target-assignment algorithm from the trajectory optimization problem. Based on the estimated fuel expenditure for each satellite–target pairing, the target-assignment algorithm selects a configuration with minimal fuel consumption. Lastly, to determine collision-free, fuel-optimal maneuvers, two novel trajectory planning approaches, namely, distributed and decentralized trajectory optimization, are presented. While the former iteratively searches for collision-free feasible paths to optimal terminal configuration, the latter computes a near-optimal configuration with collision-free paths.
Nina Petrovna Toropova
Authors: Sukhacheva Helen
Published: May 2023

Nina Petrovna Toropova is a prominent Russian scientist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, founder of the Ural Scientific School of Pediatric Dermatology, from 1987 to 2001 - Chief Freelance Pediatric Dermatovenerologist of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, from 1982 to 2009 - Chief Freelance Pediatric dermatovenereologist of the Ministry of Health of the Sverdlovsk region. For many years N.P. Toropova was the Deputy Director for Research at the Ural Research Institute of Dermatovenereology and Immunopathology; from 1993 to 2001 - Director of the Sverdlovsk Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Dermatology and Venereology.
Abordagem terapêutica em lesões cariosas
Authors: Teixeira Aloísio Matheus de Andrade , Souza Adolfo Lopes de , Mendonça Izabel Cristina Gomes de
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Descrever as abordagens terapêuticas utilizadas no tratamento de lesões cariosas. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, Acervo+ Index base e também pelo mecanismo de busca do Google Acadêmico, usando os descritores "cárie dentária" e "assistência odontológica", associados pelo operador booleano "AND". A pergunta de pesquisa foi: "quais práticas podem ser utilizadas no tratamento de lesões cariosas?" Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2022, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, resultando em uma amostra de 9 artigos. Resultados: A cárie dentária não deve ser considerada uma doença, mas sim uma lesão do esmalte causada por um desequilíbrio de fatores fisiológicos presentes na biodiversidade do ser humano e especificamente da cavidade bucal. Uma estratégia eficaz de prevenção deve buscar o equilíbrio biológico, sem negligenciar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Portanto, as abordagens terapêuticas no tratamento de lesões cariosas devem incluir uma estratégia preventiva, com ênfase no equilíbrio biológico, bem como o uso de técnicas restauradoras e de prevenção, como a aplicação de flúor, selantes e educação do paciente sobre higiene bucal adequada. Considerações finais: É fundamental que os profissionais de odontologia estejam atualizados sobre as melhores práticas terapêuticas para oferecer um tratamento eficaz e de qualidade aos seus pacientes.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNICATION IN THE ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM – A THEORETICAL STUDY
Authors: Leśniewski Michał Adam , Dziekański Paweł , Puchała Jan
Published: May 2023

The effectiveness of internal and external communication in the enterprise management system significantly determines its efficient functioning. It is therefore important to control its course. Due to the complex issues of the goals of this process, the degree of implementation of all of them should be analyzed, which is tantamount to adopting a specialist view on the issue of the effectiveness of communication in the organization. The main purpose of the adopted considerations is to present the effectiveness of communication in the organization management system. In this work, a theoretical study was adopted as the starting point for the analysis of the discussed research problem.
ORAL HISTORICAL TESTIMONY AND MEMORIES AS A SOURCE FOR THE STUDY OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: METHODOLOGICAL AND LEGAL BASIS
Authors: Hodzhal Svitlana , Matviichuk Natalia
Published: May 2023

The paper attempts to summarize the experience gained in oral history research and interviews, which are applied to certain categories of respondents, to determine the place of oral history testimonies and memories as sources for the study of the Russian-Ukrainian war, and to outline certain legal aspects regarding the processing of interview results. Oral history methodology is much more developed abroad than in Ukraine. Acquisitions in the field of oral history must be actively used when acquiring practical skills in this direction. When interviewing, it is necessary to take into account such factors as the physical, emotional and mental state of the respondent. The main task of the oral history researcher is not only to get the least subjective source of information about certain event, but also not to harm the interviewee. Each category of respondents (divided according to different criteria) has its own peculiarities in interviewing. The narrative and survey technique depends on each category individually, which affects the method of evidence gathering. When interviewing, one should use all possible means and methods for qualitative creation of a narrative, as well as its subsequent transcription and preservation. If the interview is recorded using audio and not video, it does not mean that it is worse. Each type of technical equipment has its advantages and disadvantages, and the quality of the source that will be stored or used in scientific work depends to a large extent on the technical equipment and skills of the scientist. The correct legal registration of oral history evidence will help to use them in the future with the greatest benefit for science and social and political life. Oral history researchers in the process of collecting memories must strictly adhere to the legal norms of the current legislation, as well as to moral and ethical principles. Moreover, one should not forget that the respondent is not a historical source; he or she is a living person with his or her own experiences, fears and emotions. Only in this case the creation of oral history sources will result positively.
THE CITY OF NOVY OSTROPIL IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 18TH CENTURY
Authors: Blyzniak Mykola
Published: May 2023

The article attempts to analyze the socio-economic issues surrounding the development of the city of Novy Ostropil as one of the urban settlements on the territory of south-eastern Volyn in the middle of the 18th century. During this period, the city received confirmation of royal privilege for self-government and continued to use it in solving everyday problems of Magdeburg law. Novy Ostropil was owned by Franzyshko-Ferdinand Lubomyrskyi, who leased it for three years to Barbara-Ursula Sangushko in the middle of the 18th century. For this purpose, the rental inventory of the city was compiled in 1751 and has survived to our time. Therefore, the city first became the object of the profits of its owners and tenants. The agricultural sector played a critical role in the life of the city. Based on the inventory, a detailed architectural image and layout and a list of the buildings in the stockade were restored. The latter were made of pine and oak wood, some elements were made of linden, and the roofs were covered with straw, etc. Among the buildings in the Filvark complex was "Izba", which housed Governor S. Chernetsky. Vinnytsia was one of the city's Filvark structure's profitable objects. The city worked in the city "Entrance" on "Khmelnytskyi Black Way", where its exterior and interior were presented. On the river, Sluch’s two mills are arranged according to two and three millstones with steps and foils. 201 households in the city were recorded in the inventory (86.5% were Christians and 13.5% were Jews). Ukrainians dominated here, followed by Poles, and there were the fewest Jews. The Jewish communities of Novy Ostropil and Old Ostropil did not create a single kagal. It was divided into two separate parts, each of which was part of the Kagali of the two nearest cities, Lubar and New Polonny. The number of Jews in Novy Ostropil during 1751–1765 decreased significantly. Based on the analysis of the inventory, it was possible to obtain separate information about the Ostropil artisans and professional classes of residents of this city. The profession of a shoemaker was among the most sought-after and popular, followed by coopers. The occupation of crafts did not yet give a full opportunity to break with agriculture. 9.5 percent of the city's residents had liberation from general payments and work. In exchange for this, they were engaged to perform certain functions in the structure of the city's economy. Townspeople living in tenements made up 9.5% of all residents of Novy Ostropil. They were exempted from general city boards and individual duties, but not all. Craftsmen and those engaged in crafts (carriers, millers, winemakers), church ministers, etc., dominated among the peasants. As a whole, in the economic development of the city, primacy belonged to the agricultural sector; therefore, Novy Ostropil should be interpreted as an insignificant urban centre of the agrarian type.
ACTIVITIES OF «PROSVITA» COMPANY IN VYSOKA PICH VILLAGE OF ZHYTOMYR REGION IN 1920
Authors: Kucherov Gennadiy , Palyliulk Oksana
Published: May 2023

The article examines the process of formation of the cultural and educational society «Prosvita» in the village of Visoka Pich of Zhytomyr County in 1920. Considering the lack of any historical materials about the educational center on the Internet, this article is actually the first attempt to analyze archival materials and carry out a comprehensive study of the activities of rural educators. The circumstances of the formation of «Prosvita» are clarified, its educational activities are reflected, in particular, the organization of training for illiterate and literate adults. The financial activity of «Prosvita» was tracked, thanks to which funds were obtained and expenses were incurred for the needs of the cell. As can be seen from archival materials, the society had the most diverse sources of income and expenses, which testified to its diverse work. Among the various forms of cultural and educational work, as evidenced by the documents, enlightened people paid special attention to the organization of concerts, plays, and rallies. In addition to material profit, they contributed to the education, development and entertainment of the population. The authors drew attention to the ascetic work of rural enlighteners: O. Mysko, M. Stolyar, V. Shtuly, and others. It was thanks to their dedicated work that it was possible to achieve acceptable results in 1920. The place and role of family parties in the lives of enlightened people and their families is analyzed. The publication presents tables showing the cultural and educational activities of the «Prosvita» society. They provide statistical information that testifies to the dynamic work of enlightened people. Its analysis makes it possible to trace achievements and gaps in the functioning of the village center.
WESTERN UKRAINE LANDS OF THE INTERWAR PERIOD IN THE STUDIES OF OSTROH AKADEMY SCIENTISTS
Authors: Yaremchuk Oleksandr
Published: May 2023

The article reflects main study directions of scientists from the National University of Ostroh Academy on the issues in history of western Ukraine lands in interwar period. Areas of focus are thematic direction of studies and key results achieved by scientists. Article elaborated the most representative materials of studied developments by history scientists in this institution. Most of the publications are related to the stay of the Volhynia lands as part of interwar Poland, in particular, issues related to socio-economic history: crafts and handicraft production, activities of workshops, trade, banking, smuggling and countering it. A number of publications are devoted to the demographic problems of interwar Volhynia, in particular to issues of the ethnic composition of the population and emigration from overseas. One of the leading topics researched by scientists of the department is focused on issues of the political history of Ukraine in the interwar and pre-war period - Carpathian Ukraine of 1938–1939. A special place in the creative work of the scientists of the Department of History is occupied by the activities of public and political figure Stepan Skrypnyk in the interwar period. His active participation in the national-church movement for the de-Russification of the Orthodox Church in Poland is revealed.
Yield response of African leafy vegetables to combined manure and urea microdosing in West Africa
Authors: Adjogboto André , Likpètè Dagnon Didier , Sossa-Vihotogbé Carole Nadia Adjouavi , Akponikpè Pierre Bienvenue Irénikatché , Djènontin André Jonas , Baco Mohamed Nasser , Diogo Rodrigue Vivien Cao , Agbossou Kossi Euloge
Published: May 2023

Description of the subject. Fertilizers microdosing was tested for African leafy vegetables (ALVs) production to reduce the high rates of fertilizers usually applied to their production in West Africa. Objectives. This study aims to (i) evaluate the response of three ALVs (Amaranthus cruentus L., Solanum macrocarpon L. and Ocimum gratissimum L.) to cattle manure combined with urea-N microdosing and application timing and (ii) assess their partial factor productivity. Method. On-station trials were carried out over three growing seasons (2015 to 2017) in Northern Benin. Urea-N rates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 kg urea-N·ha-1 combined with 5 t·ha-1 of cattle manure (M5N0, M5N10, M5N20, M5N30, M5N40 and M5N60, respectively) and sole application as control (40 (M0N40) and 80 kg urea-N·ha-1 (M0N80)) and two urea-N application timings (T1 = 0 and T2 = 14 days after transplanting) were tested in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results. The M5N60 treatment resulted in the highest A. cruentus fresh yield and improved leaf yield by 90 and 151% compared to M5N0, and the average of the two no-manure input treatments M0N40 and M0N80, respectively, while M5N40 treatment improved S. macrocarpon fresh yield the best by 23% compared to M5N0. For O. gratissimum, no significant difference was found between urea-N microdose rates. Besides, urea fertilizer application timing affected neither fresh yields nor partial factor productivity for any studied ALVs species. Conclusions. Reduced combination of urea-N and cattle manure is a promising nutrient management practice for ALVs production in West Africa as it improved yields while saving fertilizer for smallholder vegetable farmers.
Frustrated Ion Pair-Enabled Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Unactivated Alkyl Electrophiles
Authors: Roediger Sven , Boehm Philip , Morandi Bill
Published: May 2023

Cross-electrophile coupling reactions have evolved into a major strategy for rapidly assembling important molecules, yet challenges remain for the formation of C(sp3)–C(sp3) bonds that form the core of nearly all organic compounds. Herein, we report a distinct, transition metal-free platform to form such bonds without the need for activating or stabilizing groups on the coupling partners. The reaction is enabled by an unusual single electron transfer in a frustrated ion pair and is complementary in terms of scope to transition metal-catalyzed processes. Moreover, we could further leverage this new mechanistic manifold in the design of other reactions, showing the broad potential of this new reactivity in organic synthesis.
Molecular-genetic landscape of abdominal and retroperitoneal desmoid fibromatosis: a retrospective study
Authors: Turupaev Kirill A. , Budurova Marina D. , Filippova Margarita G. , Isayev Artur A. , Gridneva Yana V. , Khmelkova Darya N. , Gayryan Margarita A. , Mironova Irina V. , Nikulin Maxim P. , Puchkova Alena I. , Delektorskaya Vera V.
Published: May 2023

Background. Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) is a rare mesenchymal tumor with invasive growth, a high relapse rate, and low incidence (24 cases per 1 million people per year). Given the small number of patients with DF and, as a result, the lack of knowledge of this disease, the search for molecular predictors of the disease course and the individualization of treatment and prevention is relevant.
Aim. To study tumor cells' molecular genetic and immunohistochemical profile and determine their clinical significance in patients with abdominal and retroperitoneal DF.
Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of clinical and laboratory data of 31 patients with abdominal and retroperitoneal DF, a molecular genetic and morphological study of tumor samples was performed, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) using the Onconetix oncology panel and an immunohistochemical study using antibodies to -catenin and estrogen and progesterone receptors.
Results. NGS testing showed somatic mutations in 28 (90%) of the 31 tumor samples. Somatic mutations in the CTNNB1 gene were detected in 26 (84%) tumor samples: 21 (68%) patients had c.121AG (p.Thr41Ala, rs121913412), 3 (10%) patients had c.134CT (p.Ser45Phe, rs121913409), 1 (3%) patient had c.133TC (p.Ser45Pro, rs121913407), and 1 (3%) patient had c.122CT (p.Thr41Ile, rs121913413). Two (6%) patients had mutations in the APC gene: c.4381GT (p.Glu1461Ter, COSM30779) and c.4634CA (p.Ser1545Ter, rs863225356). In 3 (9%) patients, no mutations were detected in the studied genes. The immunohistochemical study showed the expression of -catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei of tumor cells in 16 (51.6%) samples. Nuclear expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors was detected in 6 (19%) and 1 (3.2%) samples, respectively. Of 10 patients with established relapses, sequencing (NGS) showed a c.121AG mutation (p.Thr41Ala, rs121913412) in 7; 1 patient had a c.134CT mutation (p.Ser45Phe, rs121913409), and 2 patients had no mutations in tumor samples.
Conclusion. The combination of factors such as the retroperitoneal DF, the presence of the c.121AG mutation (p.Thr41Ala, rs121913412) in the CTNNB1 gene, female gender, and young age, can warrant assigning the patient to the group with an unfavorable DF prognosis.