bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Smart City Sustainable Development Prospects Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Xu Jingyi , Song Rui , Zhu Hang
Published: May 2022

In this study, the method of a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to analyze the research situation of smart city development, and 20 evaluation indicator systems are selected as the original indicator database; the relevant sustainable development indicator data of prefecture-level cities in the first batch of smart city pilots are collected and normalized after processing. It is used as a sample library for correlation, reliability, validity test, weight calculation, and a benchmark value for evaluation model training. By processing the original indicator database data, the membership function of the indicator is constructed, and the fuzzy set theory is used for indicators. Classify and analyze the indicators according to the model to complete the collection of the indicator database; use the neural network model to determine the weight of each indicator in the indicator system. An indicator system and evaluation model for the sustainable development of smart city construction have been constructed. To ensure the actual effectiveness of the application of the indicator system, this study has conducted in-depth research on the influencing factors and principles of the system construction, and based on this, the design of the indicator system has been carried out. At the same time, for the determination of the sustainable development weight of the sustainable development system, the analytic hierarchy process was adopted through multiple considerations, and finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for the sustainable development of smart city construction was constructed. The model in this study is innovative in research methods and research objects. It can provide a reference value for the development of smart cities and also help the change and innovation of the existing smart city evaluation index system.
An Overview of the Emergence and Challenges of Land Reclamation: Issues and Prospect
Authors: Ukhurebor Kingsley Eghonghon , Aigbe Uyiosa Osagie , Onyancha Robert Birundu , Ndunagu Juliana Ngozi , Osibote Otolorin Adelaja , Emegha Joseph Onyeka , Balogun Vincent Aizebeoje , Kusuma Heri Septya , Darmokoesoemo Handoko
Published: May 2022

The issues of land degradation are directly or indirectly influenced by human and/or natural actions, and it is one of the most challenging issues confronting several regions of the world, especially developing nations. Notwithstanding the importance of land, its degradation consequences, possibly as a result of the various biological, physical, and chemical processes caused by some activities (both natural and man-induced) that diminish viable yield, result in a long-term, enduring devaluation of land. Hence, this present review study is dedicated to some of the most emerging and challenging issues in monitoring, rehabilitation, prevention, and management of land (land reclamation) drawn from existing publications. Also, the description of some of the most extreme procedures of land reclamation in some natural environments with distinct consideration to their positive features is discussed. Some illustrations and instances of the emergence and challenging issues in land reclamation and nature protection, as well as the possibilities and prospects of their resolutions, are discussed and presented.
Perilymph Fistula as a Complication of Eustachian Tube Dilation and Tympanoplasty
Authors: Kim R. , Scholtz L. U. , Jadeed R. , Pfeiffer C. J. , Sudhoff H. , Todt I.
Published: May 2022

Eustachian tube dilation (ETD) is an established, minimally invasive therapeutic approach for chronic eustachian tube dysfunction. The complications associated with performing a ETD are rare. A 22-year-old female patient presented with chronic otitis media on the right side and chronic obstructive tube dilation disorder on both sides. A type I tympanoplasty was performed on the right side because of a tympanic membrane perforation after a ETD on both sides without apparent complications. On the 5th postoperative day, she presented with headache, dizziness and hearing loss on the right side. There was a decrease of hearing threshold on the right side in the pure-tone audiogram and vHIT, cVEMP, and SVV were irregular. The β-2-transferrin test was positive. Since a right-sided perilymph fistula was suspected, an emergency tympanotomy was performed with a round window membrane cover with fascia on the right side. Intraoperatively, a regular, intact ossicular chain was found with a slightly moist middle ear mucosa. The round window membrane was covered by the promontorial lip. Under these measures, the patient’s dizziness regressed. The right ear pure-tone threshold vHIT, cVEMP, and SVV normalized.
Dietary L-Carnitine Alleviates the Adverse Effects Caused by Reducing Protein and Increasing Fat Contents in Diet Juvenile Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Liu Yi-Chan , Limbu Samwel M. , Wang Jin-Gang , Ren Jiong , Qiao Fang , Zhang Mei-Ling , Du Zhen-Yu
Published: May 2022

Protein ingredients for formulation of fish feeds are expensive and have limited availability. Therefore, reducing dietary protein while increasing dietary fat content is a common practice in rearing carnivorous fish species. However, the ability of dietary L-carnitine to alleviate adverse effects in such diets is currently unknown. This study investigated the role of L-carnitine supplementation in alleviating adverse effects on growth performance, energy metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and inflammation response in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed on a low protein and high fat diet. Three diets were formulated to contain low protein and high fat (LPHF: 420 g kg-1 protein and 150 g kg-1 lipid), LPHF supplemented with L-carnitine (LPHFC: 420 g kg-1 protein and 150 g kg-1 lipid), and a control diet (CON: 480 g kg-1 protein and 130 g kg-1 lipid). The diets were fed to 30 largemouth bass (

10.75
±
0.01
 

g) juveniles in triplicates for eight weeks. The results showed that the fish feed on LPHF diet increased hepatosomatic index, visceral somatic index, mesenteric fat index, whole-body crude fat content, serum and liver triglyceride concentrations, and serum non-esterified fatty acid level than those fed on CON diet. Moreover, the fish fed on LPHF diet increased serum alanine aminotransferase activity and liver malondialdehyde content and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the serum and liver. Furthermore, the fish fed on LPHF diet reduced the whole-body crude protein content. Interestingly, feeding the fish on the LPHFC diet decreased fat deposition and liver damage by downregulating the expression of genes related to lipogenesis, inflammation, and increased SOD activity. This study indicates that L-carnitine supplementation in largemouth bass alleviates the adverse effects caused by LPHF diet by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing lipid catabolism. Our study provides novel knowledge on strategies to improve utilization of LPHF diet in cultured aquatic animals.
Projections in Moduli Spaces of the Kleinian Groups
Authors: Alaqad Hala , Gong Jianhua , Martin Gaven
Published: May 2022

A two-generator Kleinian group

f
,
g

can be naturally associated with a discrete group

f
,
ϕ

with the generator

ϕ

of order two and where

f
,
ϕ
f

ϕ

−
1

=

f
,
g
f

g

−
1

⊂

f
,
g

,

f
,
ϕ

:

f
,
g
f

g

−
1

=
2
.

This is useful in studying the geometry of the Kleinian groups since

f
,
g

will be discrete only if

f
,
ϕ

is, and the moduli space of groups

f
,
ϕ

is one complex dimension less. This gives a necessary condition in a simpler space to determine the discreteness of

f
,
g

. The dimension reduction here is realised by a projection of principal characters of the two-generator Kleinian groups. In applications, it is important to know that the image of the moduli space of Kleinian groups under this projection is closed and, among other results, we show how this follows from Jørgensen’s results on algebraic convergence.
Potential Therapeutic Effects of Mi-Jian-Chang-Pu Decoction on Neurochemical and Metabolic Changes of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Yang Lingling , Niu Yang , Su Chao , Wang Yingli , Ren Ruru , Chen Jianyu , Ma Xueqin
Published: May 2022

As a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Mi-Jian-Chang-Pu decoction (MJCPD) has been successfully used in patients with language dysfunction and hemiplegia after ischemic stroke (IS). Given the excellent protective effects of MJCPD against nerve damage caused by IS in clinical settings, the present investigation mainly focused on its underlying mechanism on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Firstly, by applying the MCAO-induced cerebral IR injury rats, the efficacy of MJCPD on IS was estimated using the neurological deficit score, TTC, HE, and IHC staining, and neurochemical measurements. Secondly, an UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based nontargeted metabolomics was developed to elucidate the characteristic metabolites. MJCPD groups showed significant improvements in the neurological score, infarction volume, and histomorphology, and the changes of GSH, GSSG, GSH-PX, GSSG/GSH, LDH, L-LA, IL-6, TNF-α, and VEGF-c were also reversed to normal levels after the intervention compared to the MCAO model group. Metabolomics profiling identified 21 different metabolites in the model group vs. the sham group, 10 of which were significantly recovered after treatment of MJCPD, and those 10 metabolites were all related to the oxidative stress process including glucose, fatty acid, amino acid, glutamine, and phospholipid metabolisms. Therefore, MJCPD might protect against IS by inhibiting oxidative stress during IR.
The Cobra Catheter: A Novel Concept and Device for the Thru-Septal Myocardium Approach
Authors: Chon Min-Ku , Shin Dong-Hoon , Jung Su-Jin , Kim June-Hong
Published: May 2022

Objectives. In our previous study, we suggested the novel septal traversing technique as effective and safe in catheter-based approach for septal myocardium. However, it is limited by its dependence on the septal perforator vein. This study aimed to evaluate the Cobra catheter as a backup catheter to overcome this limitation in swine. Methods. We designed the guiding Cobra catheter. It consisted of three major parts (the external pull-wire steerable distal tip, the C-shaped shaft, and the steering adjustment handle). We tested the difference in force between the guidewire passing through the muscle and the vessel wall using a push-pull gauge. We performed a septal wire engage procedure in swine using the Cobra catheter. The guidewire engagement of the septal vein and Cobra catheter were compared visually and histopathologically. Results. A total of ten swine were enrolled in this study. The success rate was 100% under fluoroscopy. The experiments confirmed the medical potential of the septal approach even in a location irrelevant to the septal perforator vein anatomy and confirmed that the wire passed well in the target direction in the harvested heart. There was no serious physical damage or pathological abnormalities in the vessel wall and myocardium. Conclusion. These results showed that the novel Cobra catheter with a septal vein-independent trans-septal approach may be a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of structural heart diseases.
All-Packets-Based Multi-Rate DDoS Attack Detection Method in ISP Layer
Authors: Liu Xinqian , Ren Jiadong , He Haitao , Zhang Bing , Wang Qian , Zheng Zhangqi
Published: May 2022

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) is a fundamental security problem in the ISP layer of the internet of things. However, most existing DDoS detection methods are based on NetFlow data, which cannot handle the huge detection delay of flow generation and massive network traffic. Besides, it is extremely hard to obtain the real DDoS attack traffic to construct a traditional supervised binary classification model. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel all-packets-based DDoS attack detection method (APDD). Firstly, a new probabilistic storage model square sketch is designed, which has structural characteristics of parallelization, accumulation, and recompression. The model and its characteristics are conducive to fast and efficient traffic storage and compression. All network packets are mapped into square sketch, and the compressed square sketch is obtained. Secondly, in order to overcome the problem of poor real DDoS attack samples, only according to the recompressed square sketch of the normal network, a one-class classifier is constructed by generative adversarial networks to form a DDoS attack detection model. The likelihood score of a recompressed square sketch is obtained to judge this square sketch whether or not it belongs to a normal network state. Finally, two real network traffic data sets of the high-throughput network are utilized to evaluate the proposed method. Compared with several existing methods, the experimental results show that the APDD method has good time efficiency and detection performance.
The Role of PKM2 in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Function: Focus on Mitochondrial Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Dynamic, and Apoptosis. PKM2 in Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Gao Jing , Zhao Yuwei , Li Tao , Gan Xueqi , Yu Haiyang
Published: May 2022

The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is one isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK). PKM2 is expressed at high levels during embryonic development and tumor progression and is subject to complex allosteric regulation. PKM2 is a special glycolytic enzyme that regulates the final step of glycolysis; the role of PKM2 in the metabolism, survival, and apoptosis of cancer cells has received increasing attention. Mitochondria are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, susceptibility to oxidative stress, and cell death; however, the role of PKM2 in mitochondrial functions remains unclear. Herein, we review the related mechanisms of the role of PKM2 in the regulation of mitochondrial functions from the aspects of metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS), dynamic, and apoptosis, which can be highlighted as a target for the clinical management of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
PITPNA-AS1/miR-98-5p to Mediate the Cisplatin Resistance of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ma Zhongling , Liu Gang , Hao Suhong , Zhao Tianfu , Chang Wei , Wang Jiansheng , Ren Hong , Zhao Xinhan
Published: May 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most deadly gastrointestinal malignancy with high incidence and mortality. Although, molecular mechanisms which drive gastric cancer progression are extensively investigated, the roles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in gastric cancer growth and drug sensitivity remain unclear. Platinum is a mainstay to treat gastric cancer, and platinum resistance always leads to the local recurrence of gastric cancer. Therefore, it is important to identify biomarkers or therapeutic targets to sensitize gastric cancer to platinum. In this study, we employ noncoding RNA sequencing and found that lncRNA PITPNA-AS1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues and associated with poor survival of gastric cancer patients. Kockdown of PITPNA-AS1 in gastric cancer cells significantly inhibited cell growth and triggered apoptotic cell death in gastric cancer cells. Also, cisplatin treatment could decrease PITPNA-AS1 levels in gastric cancer cells through inhibiting H3K27ac. Besides, PITPNA-AS1 is elevated in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells and tissues, PITPNA-AS1 knockdown could sensitize gastric cancer cells to cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, we identified that PITPNA-AS1 directly interacts and inhibits miR-98-5p. Therefore, PITPNA-AS1 could be served as a potential biomarkers and curative therapeutic targets for gastric cancer progression.
A Novel Intelligent-Based Intrusion Detection System Approach Using Deep Multilayer Classification
Authors: Ugendhar A. , Illuri Babu , Vulapula Sridhar Reddy , Radha Marepalli , K Sukanya , Alenezi Fayadh , Althubiti Sara A. , Polat Kemal
Published: May 2022

Cybersecurity in information technology (IT) infrastructures is one of the most significant and complex issues of the digital era. Increases in network size and associated data have directly affected technological breakthroughs in the Internet and communication areas. Malware attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated and hazardous as technology advances, making it difficult to detect an incursion. Detecting and mitigating these threats is a significant issue for standard analytic methods. Furthermore, the attackers use complex processes to remain undetected for an extended period. The changing nature and many cyberattacks require a quick, adaptable, and scalable defense system. For the most part, traditional machine learning-based intrusion detection relies on only one algorithm to identify intrusions, which has a low detection rate and cannot handle large amounts of data. To enhance the performance of intrusion detection systems, a new deep multilayer classification approach is developed. This approach comprises five modules: preprocessing, autoencoding, database, classification, and feedback. The classification module uses an autoencoder to decrease the number of dimensions in a reconstruction feature. Our method was tested against a benchmark dataset, NSL-KDD. Compared to other state-of-the-art intrusion detection systems, our methodology has a 96.7% accuracy.
Biosorption Study of Methylene Blue (MB) and Brilliant Red Remazol (BRR) by Coconut Dregs
Authors: Shukor Hafiza , Yaser Abu Zahrim , Shoparwe Noor Fazliani , Mohd Zaini Makhtar Muaz , Mokhtar Nadiah
Published: May 2022

Water pollution has become a major issue in many countries, including Malaysia. Malaysia is one of the countries that suffers from this detrimental influence on water resource sustainability. Adsorption has been discovered to be a cost-effective and efficient method of removing contaminants such as pigments, dyes, and metal impurities. Many biomass-based adsorbent materials have been successfully used for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. In this study, the potential use of coconut dregs as the new biosorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) (basic dye) and Brilliant Red Remazol (BRR) (acidic dye) was investigated. The effects of adsorption time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration on coconut dregs adsorption for MB and BRR dye were investigated using 2-Level Factorial Design of Design-Expert 7.1.5. The results indicated that the amount of dye adsorbed on the coconut dregs increased with increasing dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time. However, both MB and BRR dyes favor different pH for the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity of MB dye increased with increasing pH, while the adsorption capacity of BRR dye increased with decreasing pH. Removal of MB was optimum at pH 11, contact time of 240 min, a dosage of 0.25 g adsorbent, and an initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L. Meanwhile, for BRR dye, the optimum condition was pH 2, contact time of 180 min, the dosage of 0.25 g adsorbent, and an initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L. The equilibrium data for both dyes fitted very well with the Langmuir Isotherm equation giving a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity as high as 5.7208 mg/g and 3.7636 mg/g for Methylene Blue Dye and Brilliant Red Remazol dye, respectively. This study shows that coconut dregs can be one of the potential and low-cost biosorbents for the treatment of industrial dyes soon.
Targeting Circulating lncRNA ENST00000538705.1 Relieves Acute Coronary Syndrome via Modulating ALOX15
Authors: Chen Hao , Huang Shiwei , Guan Fanlu , Han Sisi , Ye Fanhao , Li Xun , You Liyi
Published: May 2022

Objective. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the most dangerous and deadly form of coronary heart disease. Herein, we aimed to explore ACS-specific circulating lncRNAs and their regulatory mechanisms. Methods. This study collected serum samples from ACS patients and healthy controls for microarray analysis. Dysregulated circulating lncRNAs and mRNAs were determined with

log
2
fold
−
change

>
1

and

p
<
0.05

. lncRNA-mRNA coexpression analysis was carried out. ENST00000538705.1 and ALOX15 expression was further verified in serum specimens. In human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), ENST00000538705.1 and ALOX15 were knocked out through transfecting specific siRNAs. Thereafter, proliferation and migration were investigated with CCK-8 and wound-healing assays. Myocardial infarction rat models were established and administrated with siRNAs against ENST00000538705.1 or ALOX15. Myocardial damage was investigated with H&E staining, and serum TC, LDL, and HDL levels were measured. Results. Microarray analysis identified 353 dysregulated circulating lncRNAs and 441 dysregulated circulating mRNAs in ACS. Coexpression analysis indicated the interaction between ENST00000538705.1 and ALOX15. RT-qPCR confirmed the remarkable upregulation of circulating ENST00000538705.1 and ALOX15 in ACS patients. In HCAECs, ENST00000538705.1 knockdown lowered the expression of ALOX15 but ALOX15 did not alter the expression of ENST00000538705.1. Silencing ENST00000538705.1 or ALOX15 weakened the proliferation and migration of HCAECs. Additionally, knockdown of ENST00000538705.1 or ALOX15 relieved myocardial damage, decreased serum TC and LDL levels, and elevated HDL levels in myocardial infarction rats. Conclusion. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that circulating ENST00000538705.1 facilitates ACS progression through modulating ALOX15, which provide potential targets for ACS treatment.
Amino Acid Metabolism in Gilthead Seabream Is Affected by the Dietary Protein to Energy Ratios
Authors: Teodósio Rita , Aragão Cláudia , Conceição Luís E. C. , Dias Jorge , Engrola Sofia
Published: May 2022

The dietary protein to energy ratio (P/E) has proven to influence protein utilization and/or growth in several fish species. This study intended to unravel the bioavailability and metabolic fate of lysine and methionine in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles fed plant diets with different P/E ratios. Seabream juveniles were fed two isonitrogenous diets (45% crude protein) differing in crude lipids (20 and 14%): LowP/E (

P
/
E
 
ratio
=
20.0
 
mg
 
protein
 
k

J

−
1

) and HighP/E (

P
/
E
 
ratio
=
21.4
 
mg
 
protein
 
k

J

−
1

). After three weeks, fish (

11.6
±
4.3
 
g

) were tube-fed the respective diet labelled with 14C-protein (L-amino acid mixture), 14C-lysine, or 14C-methionine. Protein, lysine, and methionine utilization were determined based on the proportion of 14C-amino acid evacuated, retained in the free or protein-bound fraction of liver and muscle, or catabolized. This study revealed that a decrease in P/E ratio resulted in lower amino acid evacuation (p <0.05), contributing to a more efficient amino acid uptake. Results indicate that amino acids are retained as protein in the liver and not only temporarily available in the free pool. The amount of free amino acids retained in the muscle of LowP/E fed fish was significantly higher than in HighP/E fish (

p
<
0.05

) due to a simultaneous higher retention of lysine and methionine, without affecting the overall protein retention. Methionine catabolism was significantly lower than lysine or protein independently of the P/E ratio (

p
<
0.05

), reinforcing that this amino acid is preferentially spared for metabolic functions and not used as energy source. In contrast, increasing the dietary P/E ratio decreased lysine catabolism and increased its availability for growth. The bioavailability and metabolism of individual amino acids should be considered when optimizing P/E ratios in diets for gilthead seabream juveniles. Formulating diets with optimum P/E ratios will improve diet utilization and fish performance.
Metaheuristic Deep Learning-Driven Wireless Communication Security Adaptation Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)
Authors: Deshpande Pallavi , Suganthi N. , Nirmala G. , Pandey Anand , Krishna Patteti , Thalor Meenakshi Anurag , Asenso Evans
Published: May 2022

The implementation of accurate models to improve access technologies, communication transmission, and network slicing is anticipated to play a big part in the edge computing approach, as the demands and needs of individuals are quickly evolving. Deep learning models have tended to deliver more benefits in a wide range of applications; it also assists data providers in demonstrating considerable improvements in tackling complex real-world challenges. While the integration of connected wireless networks and deep learning is still in its infancy, wireless communication networks are increasingly focused on sophisticated technologies to meet the current and future needs of end users. Based on the theoretical and practical aspect that ranges from the basic aspect to future applications of wireless communication, this study is intended in addressing the opportunities of adopting metaheuristic deep learning-driven wireless communication. The researchers intend to apply descriptive design to the study as this enables in understanding the critical aspects of the study in an elaborate manner. The authors use both a primary data sources and a secondary data sources for performing the analysis. The secondary data source is sourced to understand the application of deep learning in the wireless communication area, and primary research is used to gather the data from the respondents to test the hypothesis and provide conclusions based on the analyses. The scope of this work is to utilize a quantitative model to undertake an analysis on evaluating the key parameters in the application of deep learning in wireless communication, which will allow for critical analysis and interpretation based on the findings.
Extracting Behavior Identification Features for Monitoring and Managing Speech-Dependent Smart Mental Illness Healthcare Systems
Authors: Londhe Alka , Rao P. V. R. D. Prasada , Upadhyay Shrikant , Jain Rituraj
Published: May 2022

Speech is one of the major communication tools to share information among people. This exchange method has a complicated construction consisting of not the best imparting of voice but additionally consisting of the transmission of many-speaker unique information. The most important aim of this research is to extract individual features through the speech-dependent health monitoring and management system; through this system, the speech data can be collected from a remote location and can be accessed. The experimental analysis shows that the proposed model has a good efficiency. Consequently, in the last 5 years, many researchers from this domain come in front to explore various aspects of speech which includes speech analysis using mechanical signs, human system interaction, speaker, and speech identification. Speech is a biometric that combines physiological and behavioural characteristics. Especially beneficial for remote attack transactions over telecommunication networks, the medical information of each person is quite a challenge, e.g., like COVID-19 where the medical team has to identify each person in a particular region that how many people got affected by some disease and took a quick measure to get protected from such diseases and what are the safety measure required. Presently, this task is the most challenging one for researchers. Therefore, speech-based mechanisms might be useful for tracking his/her voice quality or throat getting affected. By collecting the database of people matched and comparing with his/her original database, it can be identified in such scenarios. This provides the better management system without touching and maintains a safe distance data that can be gathered and processed for further medical treatment. Many research studies have been done but speech-dependent approach is quite less and it requires more work to provide such a smart system in society, and it may be possible to reduce the chances to come into contact with viral effected people in the future and protect society for the same.
Looking for Responders among Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain Treated with a Comicronized Formulation of Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide and Polydatin
Authors: Indraccolo Ugo , Favilli Alessandro , Dell’Anna Arianna , Di Francesco Antonio , Dionisi Barbara , Giugliano Emilio , Murina Filippo , Stocco Erica
Published: May 2022

Background. Palmitoylethanolamide is reported to solve pain and neuroinflammation in different models of chronic and neurodegenerative diseases. Some concerns have been illustrated for cautiously interpreting the available literature on the topic. Specifically, there is a lack of evidence about palmitoylethanolamide and female chronic pelvic pain. Concerns will be best solved by randomized trials. The present study was aimed at finding the best responders to micronized palmitoylethanolamide in female patient with chronic pelvic pain, using the existing literature at individual patient level, to help further randomized trial planning. Methods. After a systematic research, eligible studies (the ones enrolled female patients treated for chronic pelvic pain or for dyspareunia, dysuria, dyschezia, and dysmenorrhea with or without chronic pelvic pain) were assessed at individual patient data level. Conditional probabilities were calculated to assess variables conditioning the rates of good responders (pain score points more or equal to 3 reduction), poor responders (2 pain score reduction), and nonresponders at a three‐month follow‐up. Results. Only cases treated with palmitoylethanolamide comicronized with polydatin for a short period can be assessed. Good responders are more than 50%. In chronic pelvic pain, there is a 19.0% conditional probability to find good responders among patients with pain score at enrolment of 6 to 8 and of 6.8% to find poor responders among patients with a pain score at enrolment of 6 to 8. Painful disease does not matter on responders’ rates. Conclusion. Best responders to comicronized palmitoylethanolamide/polydatin are patients with pain score higher than 6 at enrolment, irrespective of other variables.
A Methodology for an FPGA Implementation of a Programmable Logic Controller to Control an Atomic Layer Deposition System
Authors: Jamieson Peter , Blank Donald , Ghanem Janelle , McGrew Tyler , Corti Giancarlo
Published: May 2022

In this work, we present an industrial cold walled Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) system, which can be controlled by either a traditional programmable logic controller (PLC) system or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) prototyping board. This work presents an FPGA controlled system that takes ladder diagram (LD) control for a PLC and converts this control to Verilog HDL and programs an FPGA such that the FPGA prototyping board is used to control a real industrial application. We explore this approach since FPGA implementation of LD control could significantly reduce the cost of implementing these controllers with other potential advantages such as the improved granularity of timing control from milliseconds to nanoseconds, additional available pins for inputs and outputs far exceeding that of microprocessors, and lower power consumption for control. In this work, we provide details and descriptions of our industrial system (ALD), the LD control of this system and its implementation, our software flow to convert LDs to Verilog HDL, and our FPGA prototype board design to replace the existing electronic controller. We show how our LD-Verilog HDL converter in conjunction with FPGAs matches a PLC and demonstrate some of the benefits of using an FPGA.
Stock Price Prediction Based on Natural Language Processing1
Authors: Tang Xiaobin , Lei Nuo , Dong Manru , Ma Dan
Published: May 2022

The keywords used in traditional stock price prediction are mainly based on literature and experience. This study designs a new text mining method for keywords augmentation based on natural language processing models including Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) and Neural Contextualized Representation for Chinese Language Understanding (NEZHA) natural language processing models. The BERT vectorization and the NEZHA keyword discrimination models extend the seed keywords from two dimensions of similarity and importance, respectively, thus constructing the keyword thesaurus for stock price prediction. Furthermore, the predictive ability of seed words and our generated words are compared by the LSTM model, taking the CSI 300 as an example. The result shows that, compared with seed keywords, the search indexes of extracted words have higher correlations with CSI 300 and can improve its forecasting performance. Therefore, the keywords augmentation model designed in this study is helpful to provide references for other variable expansion in financial time series forecasting.
Intelligent Scoring of English Composition by Machine Learning from the Perspective of Natural Language Processing
Authors: Zhang Dan , Yuan Xiaorong
Published: May 2022

To eliminate the shortcomings of the current English composition scoring, this study intends to propose an automatic scoring model by artificial intelligence (AI) technology—machine learning (ML)—from the perspective of natural language processing (NLP). According to the sentence judgment criteria and scoring criteria of English composition, and with a combination of the n-gram model and decision tree (DT) algorithm as technical support, a composition scoring system is established with the content of the composition as the extraction feature. The random forest algorithm is taken as the training algorithm of the model. By using different maximum feature extraction numbers to test the model using the random forest training method, it is found that when the number of features is 11, the model can play the best prediction performance. Similarly, different learning rate values are used to verify the composition scoring rate of the model. It is found that when the learning rate is 6E-6, the model can play the best scoring performance. Therefore, it is believed that this automatic composition scoring model can be applied to English composition scoring in schools, and some theoretical concepts are put forward for intelligent education. The proposed composition scoring system by N-gram model and DT algorithm and trained by the random forest algorithm has high performance, which can be applied in the automatic scoring of students’ English composition in schools, and provides a basis for the educational applications of ML under AI.
Iodine-125 Seeds Inhibit Carcinogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Suppressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via TGF-β1/Smad Signaling
Authors: Yang Chongshuang , Xiao Yunhua , Du Yexiang , Xiong Junru , Deng Liangyu , Liang Qinghua , Yuan Jing , He Chuang , He Fengtian , Huang Xuequan
Published: May 2022

To investigate the radioactive iodine-125 (I-125) seed on migrating and invading of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its mechanism, the irradiation of PLC and Huh7 cells was carried out with I-125 seeds in vitro. Cell counting kit 8 assay was employed to measure cell viability. Cell migration was evaluated by using wound-healing assay. Cell invasion was detected by Transwell assay; RT-PCR and Western blot were used for the detection of the mRNA and proteins of TGF-β1 signaling pathway-related genes. The viability of PLC and Huh7 cells declined in a dose-dependent manner with increasing irradiation from 0 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy, and 6 Gy, to 8 Gy, respectively. The IC50 of PLC and Huh7 cells were 6.20 Gy and 5.39 Gy, respectively, after 24 h of irradiation. Migration and invasion abilities of I-125 group cells were greatly weakened (

P
<
0.05

) comparing with the control group. According to the outcomes of RT-PCR and WB, I-125 seed irradiation significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, and Snail. But the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin were enhanced. Rescue experiment demonstrates that TGF-β1 activator could reverse the inhibitory effects of I-125 on invasion and migration of cells. The results of in vivo experiments further verified that the I-125 seeds can inhibit the proliferation and TGF-β1 of xenographed PLC cells. In conclusion, I-125 seeds restrain the invasion and migration of HCC cells by suppressing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, which may associate with the inhibition of the TGF-β1 signaling.
Bacillus subtilis HG‐15, a Halotolerant Rhizoplane Bacterium, Promotes Growth and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Ji Chao , Tian Huimei , Wang Xiaohui , Song Xin , Ju Ruicheng , Li Huying , Gao Qixiong , Li Chaohui , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Jintai , Hao Liping , Wang Changdong , Zhou Yanyan , Xu Ruiping , Liu Yue , Du Jianfeng , Liu Xunli
Published: May 2022

Certain plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPB) reduce salt stress damage in plants. Bacillus subtilis HG‐15 is a halotolerant bacterium (able to withstand NaCl concentrations as high as 30%) isolated from the wheat rhizoplane in the Yellow River delta. A qualitative and quantitative investigation of the plant growth‐promoting characteristics of this strain confirmed nitrogen fixation, potassium dissolution, ammonia, plant hormone, ACC deaminase, and proline production abilities. B. subtilis HG‐15 colonization of wheat roots, stems, and leaves was examined via scanning electron microscopy, rep‐PCR, and double antibiotic screening. After inoculation with the B. subtilis HG‐15 strain, the pH (1.08–2.69%), electrical conductivity (3.17–11.48%), and Na+ (12.98–15.55%) concentrations of rhizosphere soil significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Under no‐salt stress (0.15% NaCl), low‐salt stress (0.25% NaCl), and high‐salt stress (0.35% NaCl) conditions, this strain also significantly increased (p < 0.05) the dry weight (17.76%, 24.46%, and 9.31%), fresh weight (12.80%, 20.48%, and 7.43%), plant height (7.79%, 5.86%, and 13.13%), and root length (10.28%, 17.87%, and 48.95%). Our results indicated that B. subtilis HG‐15 can effectively improve the growth of wheat and elicit induced systemic tolerance in these plants, thus showing its potential as a microbial inoculant that can protect wheat under salt stress conditions.
Identification of SMIM1 and SEZ6L2 as Potential Biomarkers for Genes Associated with Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Pyroptosis
Authors: Wang Nan , Liu Xiyu , Fang Xiaoyang , Chen Shuang , Xi Zhipeng , Zhang Xiaoyu , Xue Congyang , Liu Xin , Xie Lin
Published: May 2022

Background. Inflammatory reactions and pyroptosis play an important role in the pathology of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The aim of the present study was to investigate pyroptosis in the nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) of inflammatory induced IDD by bioinformatic methods and to search for possible diagnostic biomarkers. Methods. Gene expression profiles related to IDD were downloaded from the GEO database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between inflammation-induced IDD and non-inflammatory intervention samples. Pyroptosis genes were then searched for, and their expression in IDD was analyzed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was then used to search for modules of IDD genes associated with pyroptosis and intersected with DEGs to discover candidate genes that would be diagnostically valuable. A LASSO model was developed to screen for genes that met the requirements, and ROC curves were created to clarify the diagnostic value of the genetic markers. Ultimately, the screened genes were further validated, and their diagnostic value assessed by selecting gene sets from the GEO database. RT-PCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of diagnostic markers in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Pan-cancer analysis was applied to demonstrate the expression and prognostic value of the screened genes in various tumors. Results. A total of 733 DEGs were identified in GSE41883 and GSE27494, which were mainly enriched in transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine, kinase signaling pathway, response to lipopolysaccharide, and other biological processes, and they were mainly related to TGF beta signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. A total of 81 genes related to pyroptosis were identified in the literature, and eight genes related to IDD were identified in the Veen diagram, namely, IL1A, IL1B, NOD2, GBP1, IL6, AK1, EEF2K, and PYCARD. Eleven candidate genes were obtained after locating the intersection of pyroptosis-related module genes and DEGs according to WGCNA analysis. A total of six valid genes were obtained after constructing a machine learning model, and five key genes were finally identified after correlation analysis. GSE23132 and GSE56081 validated the candidate genes, and the final IDD-related diagnostic markers were obtained as SMIM1 and SEZ6L2. RT-PCR results indicated that the mRNA expression of both was significantly elevated in IDD. The pan-cancer analysis demonstrated that SMIM1 and SEZ6L2 have important roles in the expression and prognosis of various tumors. Conclusion. In conclusion, this research identifies SMIM1 and SEZ6L2 as important biomarkers of IDD associated with pyroptosis, which will help to unravel the development and pathogenesis of IDD and determine potential therapeutic targets.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Third‐Generation Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation System (PVAS) in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures (OVCFs): A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Dong Chunke , Zhu Yuting , Zhou Jun , Dong Liang
Published: May 2022

Purpose. This study aimed to assess whether the third‐generation PVAS was superior to percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating patients with OVCFs. Methods. Databases, including Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane library, were searched to identify relevant interventional and observational articles in vivo or in vitro comparing the third‐generation PVAS to PVP/PKP in OVCFs patients. A meta‐analysis was performed under the guidelines of the Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook. Results. 11 in vivo articles involving 1035 patients with 1320 segments of diseased vertebral bodies and 8 in vitro studies enrolling 40 specimens with 202 vertebral bodies were identified. The vivo studies indicated no significant differences were found in visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), operation time, or injected cement volume (P > 0.05). The third‐generation PVAS was associated with significant improvement in vertebral height and Cobb angle (P < 0.05) and also with a significantly lower risk of cement leakages and new fractures (P < 0.05). The vitro studies suggest that the third‐generation PVAS was associated with better anterior vertebral height (AVH) and kyphotic angle (KA) after deflation and cement. No significant differences were found in stiffness or failure load after cement between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Based on current evidence, although providing similar improvement in VAS and ODI, the third‐generation PVAS may be superior to PVP/PKP in local kyphosis correction, vertebral height maintenance, and adverse events reduction. Further high‐quality randomized studies are required to confirm these results.
NF-κB-Activated lncRNACASC9 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Regulating the TK1 Expression
Authors: Longjun Cai , Jianjun Zhang , Kun Pang , Lin Hao , Zhenduo Shi , Yang Dong , Bibo Li , Zhiguo Zhang , Rui Li , Conghui Han
Published: May 2022

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are involved in cancer development, but the roles of most lncRNAs are undocumented. In this study, we identified lncRNAs that were abnormally expressed in bladder cancer. We found that lncRNACASC9 plays an important role in the progression of bladder cancer. CASC9 was highly expressed in bladder cancer cells and tissues, and the prognosis of bladder cancer patients with high expression of CASC9 was poor. The results of colony formation assays, CCK-8 assays, EdU assays, transwell assays, mouse xenograft models, and tail vein injection lung metastasis model showed that CASC9 could promote bladder cancer cells growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, through FISH experiments, luciferase reporter experiments, and RIP experiments, we proved that CASC9 regulated the expression of TK1 by adsorbing miR-195-5p, thereby exerting an oncogenic effect in bladder cancer. Taken together, our findings support that the CASC9/miR-195-5p/TK1 axis is a critical pathway in the tumorigenesis and progression of bladder cancer, implicating a new therapeutic direction for the treatment of bladder cancer.
Greenspace Exposure and Obsessive-Compulsive Behaviors in Schoolchildren
Authors: Ezpeleta Lourdes , Navarro José Blas , Alonso Lucía , de la Osa Núria , Ambrós Albert , Ubalde Mònica , Penelo Eva , Dadvand Payam
Published: May 2022

Green environments are associated with improved child brain development and mental health. We study cross-sectionally the association of the availability of greenspace at home and school with obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OCB) in primary schoolchildren. Greenspace and tree cover surrounding home and school of 378 children aged 9 to 10 in Barcelona (Spain) were characterized using satellite-based indices [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), Vegetation Continuous Field (VCF)] across buffers of 100, 300, and 500 m, and distance to the nearest green space. OCB was assessed with the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent version. Linear and mixed effects models showed that greenspace at school, but not at home, was significantly related to a reduction in OCB across buffers, with benefits for girls and also children with graduate parents. Higher greenspace around the school might be associated with less obsessive-compulsive behavior in primary schoolchildren, especially in girls and those with higher socioeconomic status.
Frictional forces and torques compensation based cascaded sliding-mode tracking control for an uncertain omnidirectional mobile robot
Authors: Wu Hsiu-Ming , Karkoub Mansour
Published: May 2022

The work presented here deals with the trajectory-tracking control of omnidirectional mobile robots using a novel robust control technique. The aim is to achieve good tracking performance in the presence of frictional forces and torques, uncertainties, and saturated control inputs. First, a dynamic model of the omnidirectional mobile robot incorporating motor dynamics and frictional forces and torques is derived leading to a higher order system model. Subsequently, a novel cascaded sliding-mode tracking control scheme is proposed to perform trajectory-tracking with the omnidirectional mobile robot, which includes direct and indirect sliding-mode controllers in a cascaded structure. The indirect sliding-mode controller is utilized to attain tracking of the indirect reference input (i.e., desired trajectory) in the first subsystem and constitutes a direct reference input for the second one. A direct sliding-mode controller (i.e., actual control) is then designed to achieve tracking of the direct reference input. This way, the indirect reference input can be effectively manipulated through the proposed cascaded sliding-mode tracking control and individual subsystems are guaranteed to have not only Uniform Ultimate Boundedness but also asymptotic convergent performance. The stability of the closed-loop system is demonstrated via the Lyapunov stability criteria and validated through simulations. It is shown that the cascaded sliding-mode tracking control leads to good trajectory-tracking performance in the presence of uncertainties, friction, and saturated control input.