bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Network Analysis Uncovers International Networks of Smuggling History: Criminals in Nagasaki, Japan circa 1667
Authors: Kang Hyeok Hweon
Published: February 2023

This paper takes a network analytic approach to investigating crime in seventeenth-century Japan. In 1667, the Nagasaki magistrate’s office conducted the largest documented smuggling crackdown in Tokugawa Japan (1603–1867), busting a ring of 87 arms traffickers who had been shipping contraband to Chosŏn Korea (1392–1910). I use the office’s “criminal investigation records” (hankachō 犯科帳) to build a dataset of the 94 suspects from ten Japanese towns who were interrogated about their involvement at the time. Using a three-mode network (people, place, crime), the resulting graphs and statistics reveal a new geography of the crime in question: contrary to the conclusions of the original investigators and of modern-day historians who “closely read” their records, the digital analysis relocates the epicenter of the smuggling ring to be in Tsushima, not Hakata or Nagasaki, and its ringleader as a merchant named Komoda Kanzaemon, rather than Itō Kozaemon. Though various limitations are recognized, the case study demonstrates the utility of network analysis on early modern crime data in general and for archives built with criminal-investigative intent like the hankachō in particular.
Static and Vibration Analysis of FGM Plates: A Critical Review
Authors: Deshpande G. A. , More S. S. , Parekar R. S.
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Recently a new material has been emerged with variation of material properties particularly across the thickness. Such class of materials is called functionally graded materials. The concept of functionally graded material was proposed in 1984 by materials scientists as a means of preparing thermal barrier materials. Since then functionally graded materials are being increasingly used in the aeronautical and aerospace industry as well as in other fields of modern technology. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the various methods used to study the static and dynamic behaviour of functionally graded material plates. Both analytical and numerical methods are considered. The effect of variation of material properties through the thickness, type of load case, boundary conditions, edge ratio and side-to thickness ratio on the behaviour of functionally graded material plates are discussed. The main objective of this paper is to serve the interests of researchers and engineers already involved in the analysis and design of functionally graded material structures
Wheel Defect Detection with Advanced Machine Learning
Authors: Das Sumit Kumar
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Wheel defects on railway wagons have been identified as an important source of damage to the railway infrastructure and rolling stock. They also cause noise and vibration emissions that are costly to mitigate. We propose two machine learning methods to automatically detect these wheel defects, based on the wheel vertical force measured by a permanently installed sensor system on the railway network. Our methods automatically learn different types of wheel defects and predict during normal operation if a wheel has a defect or not. The first method is based on novel features for classifying time series data and it is used for classification with a support vector machine. To evaluate the performance of our method we construct multiple data sets for the following defect types: flat spot, shelling, and non-roundness. We outperform classical defect detection methods for flat spots and demonstrate prediction for the other two defect types for the first time. Motivated by the recent success of artificial neural networks for image classification, we train custom artificial neural networks with convolutional layers on 2-D representations of the measurement time series. The neural network approach improves the performance on wheels with flat spots and non-roundness by explicitly modelling the multi sensor structure of the measurement system through multiple instances learning and shift invariant networks.
Heat Exchanger Performance Improvement through Double Pipe Counter Flow type by using Different Nano Fluids
Authors: Rangari Aashish Kumar , Beohar Gouraw
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The main purpose of present research work is to improve performance of double pipe heat exchanger performance. In this present work two types of nano fluid s taken :Al2O3 and CuO with a mixture of water and Ethylene Glycol as a base fluid. Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles of concentration 0.05%, 0.15% and 0.3% were added to the base fluid. Overall performance is done by using ANSYS Fluent. The overall heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer rate, and temperature decrease are the basic characteristics that are taken into account while evaluating the results
Evaluation of Point-of-Care Ultrasound Training for Family Physicians Using Teleultrasound
Authors: Russell Frances M. , Herbert Audrey , Lobo Daniela , Ferre Robinson , Nti Benjamin K.
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess family physicians' change in knowledge and ability to perform abdominal aorta ultrasound after implementation of a novel teleultrasound curriculum.
Methods: This was a prospective, observational study conducted at a single academic institution. Family physicians completed a preassessment, test, and objective structured clinical evaluation (OSCE). Physicians then individually completed a standard curriculum consisting of online content and an hour-long, hands-on training session on abdominal aorta ultrasound using teleultrasound technology. Physicians then performed a minimum of 10 independent examinations over a period of 8 weeks. After physicians completed the training curriculum and 10 independent scans, we administered a postassessment, test, and OSCE. We analyzed differences between pre- and postcurriculum responses using Fisher exact and Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
Results: Thirteen family physicians completed the curriculum. Comparing pre- to postcurriculum responses, we found significant reductions in barriers to using aorta POCUS and improved confidence in using, obtaining, and interpreting aorta POCUS (P<0.01). Knowledge improved from a median score of 70% to 90% (P<0.01), and OSCE scores improved from a median of 80% to 100% (P=0.012). Overall, 211 aorta ultrasound examinations were independently acquired with a median image quality of 4 (scale 1 to 4).
Conclusions: After an 8-week teleultrasound curriculum, family physicians with minimal experience with POCUS showed improved knowledge and psychomotor skill in abdominal aorta POCUS.
Early Identification of Family Physicians Using Qualitative Admissions Data
Authors: Knapke Jacqueline  M. , Mount Hillary R. , McCabe Erin , Regan Saundra L. , Tobias Barbara
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: The medical community has been concerned about the shortage of family physicians for decades. Identification of likely family medicine (FM) student matches early in medical school is an efficient recruitment tool. The objective of this study was to analyze qualitative data from medical school applications to establish themes that differentiate future family physicians from their non-FM counterparts.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative analysis of admissions essays from two groups of 2010-2019 medical school graduates: a study group of students who matched to FM (n=135) and a random sample comparison group of non-FM matches (n=136). We utilized a natural language modeling platform to recognize semantic patterns in the data. This platform generated keywords for each sample, which then guided a more traditional content analysis of the qualitative data for themes.
Results: The two groups shared two themes: emotions and science/academics, but with some differences in thematic emphasis. The study group tended toward more positive emotions and the comparison group tended to utilize more specialized scientific language. The study group exhibited two unique themes: special interests in service and community/people. A secondary theme of religious faith was evident in the FM study group. The comparison group exhibited two unique themes: lab/clinical research and career aspirations.
Conclusions: Aided by machine learning, a novel analytical approach revealed key differences between FM and non-FM student application materials. Findings suggest qualitative application data may contain identifiable thematic differences when comparing students who eventually match into FM residency programs to those who match into other specialties. Assessing student potential for FM could help guide recruitment and mentorship activities.
Associations of the Informal Curriculum and Student Perceptions of Research With Family Medicine Career Choice
Authors: Beinhoff Paul , Prunuske Jacob , Phillips Julie P. , Edwards-Johnson Jennifer , Holihan Stephen , Gomez Michael , Wendling Andrea L.
Published: February 2023

Background: The United States is facing a primary care physician shortage that is predicted to continue through the next decade. Determining why graduating medical students pursue a career in family medicine may inform efforts to help address this shortage.
Methods: Medical student responses to the Family Medicine Attitudes Questionnaire (FMAQ), a 14-item validated questionnaire developed to assess student attitudes toward family medicine, were collected at 16 US medical schools and compared to each institution’s proportion of graduates entering family medicine. We also analyzed subscales of the FMAQ, including attitudes toward family medicine lifestyle, research, importance, and shortages, with respect to student choice of family medicine. We used Pearson coefficients to calculate correlations.
Results: Student attitudes toward family medicine careers were strongly correlated with an institution’s proportion of graduates entering family medicine. Positive perceptions of family medicine research by students was the factor most strongly correlated with matching into a family medicine residency.
Conclusion: Strengthening students’ exposures and perceptions of family medicine and family medicine research may create viable opportunities for intervention by departments of family medicine and medical schools seeking to increase the number of graduates entering family medicine.
Pensar para intervenir en la solución de las injusticias sociales
Authors: Gutiérrez G Martha Cecilia , Pagés B Joan
Published: February 2023

El libro La justicia y el pensamiento social en la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales ofrece al profesorado ideas, reflexiones y ejemplos para una enseñanza de las ciencias sociales que fomente el desarrollo del pensamiento social a partir del estudio de problemas sociales relevantes, de cuestiones socialmente vivas y de todo aquello que genere injusticias sociales. Apuesta por un profesorado práctico reflexivo, es decir por un profesorado competente para tomar decisiones sobre los contenidos y los métodos de enseñanza más adecuados para que sus estudiantes desarrollen su pensamiento y su conciencia social crítica. El primer capítulo se centra en la relación entre la justicia social y la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales. Se presentan, a modo de ejemplo, distintas propuestas curriculares y se caracteriza el papel del profesorado en cada una de estas. El segundo capítulo propone el desarrollo del pensamiento social desde un enfoque socio-constructivista del aprendizaje, considerado un componente fundamental en la enseñanza de las Ciencias sociales. El tercer capítulo plantea un ejemplo para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la diferencia y de la diversidad en el aula, a partir de los siguientes aspectos: las semejanzas y las diferencias en los grupos humanos, la contextualización temporal y territorial de la diversidad, los conflictos y las diferencias, y la diversidad en la construcción de la democracia
Sleep Disturbance, depression, anxiety and perceived stress in adult atopic dermatitis patients, and their relationship with objective and subjective disease severity
Authors: Esposito Maria , Amicucci Giulia , Salfi Federico , Pellegrini Cristina , Berardinis Andrea De , Chiricozzi Andrea , Peris Ketty , Tempesta Daniela , Ferrara Michele , Fargnoli Maria Concetta
Published: February 2023

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory
skin disease often associated with non-atopic comorbidities. Recently, a
severity-dependent relationship between AD with sleep and mental health
diseases has been proposed, but few studies investigated this topic
through validated questionnaires. Therefore, the present study aimed to:
(i) assess the impact of AD on sleep and psychological disorders using
validated instruments and (ii) estimate the association of AD severity
with sleep disorders and psychological symptoms distinguishing between
clinical-oriented and patient-oriented measures. Methods: We
conducted a cross-sectional, case-control study, recruiting 57 adult AD
patients matched for age and sex with 57 healthy adults. To investigate
the differences in sleep quality, insomnia, depression, and anxiety
between the two groups, we performed independent samples t-tests.
Moreover, we conducted several univariable linear regression analyses to
examine the relationship between objective/subjective severity of AD and
sleep quality, insomnia, and psychological symptoms. Results:
AD patients presented poorer sleep quality and more severe symptoms of
insomnia and depression than healthy adults. Objective and subjective AD
severity were similarly associated with worse sleep quality, anxiety,
and self-perceived stress. However, subjective AD severity was more
strongly associated with insomnia and depressive symptoms than
clinical-oriented AD severity. Conclusions: The study
demonstrated poor sleep quality and high levels of insomnia, depression,
and perceived stress in AD patients, with an aggravated psychological
status for adults with more severe disease. We suggest implementing a
multidisciplinary approach to AD management and treatment that considers
objective and subjective measures of disease severity.
Neurotrophin-4 promotes the development of human secondary follicle during in-vitro -culture and supports blastocyst formation
Authors: Fang Cong , Guo Yingchun , Jia Lei , Sun Peng , Su Wenlong , Li Tingting
Published: February 2023

Objective: To explore whether Neurotrophic factor 4 (NT4) could
improve human follicular in-vitro- development and achieve mature
and fertile oocytes. Design: Prospective study.
Setting: Research institute. Population: Discarded
ovarian tissues were collected from 7 patients (6 to 21 years old)
underwent unilateral oophorectomy for fertility preservation.
Methods: Isolated secondary follicles were cultured in
vitro with or without NT4 in a matrix-free system individually.
Main outcome measures: Follicle growth and survival were
assessed by microscopy. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol and
progesterone levels were quantified in the medium. Oocyte marker was
evaluated under confocal fluorescence microscopy. Oocyte mature and
fertile potential were assessed by in-vitro maturation and
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with donated sperm, separately.
Results: In control condition, isolated follicles survived for
4-6 weeks with increased diameters over time ( P <
0.05), reaching a terminal diameter of 967.00 ± 41.1 μm with the
induction of steroidogenesis and expression of oocyte marker. And 4/16
of alive follicles were matured in vitro, producing
morphologically normal MII oocytes (120 ± 2.1 μm). The diameter and
steroid hormone production were significantly higher in the NT4 group
than the control group ( P < 0.05). A slightly
increased efficiency of MII oocyte production in the NT4 group was also
observed. MII oocyte obtained from the control group showed abnormal
fertilization after ICSI, while progressed to available blastocyst in
the NT4 group. Conclusions: NT4 promotes the proliferation,
steroid hormone production of human secondary follicles cultured
in vitro (including post- and pre-pubertal patients), thereby
yielding mature and fertile oocytes.
Assessments of TP53 and CTNNB1 gene hotspot mutations in circulating tumour DNA of hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Nayak Baibaswata , Kumar Sonu , Nadda Neeti , Quadri Afnan , Kumar Rahul , Paul Shashi , Tanwar Pranay , Gammanagatti Shivanand , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Saraya Anoop , Shalimar *
Published: February 2023

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the
major causes of chronic liver disease which progresses from hepatitis to
liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early
detection and laboratory based screening test of HCC is still a major
challenge. HBV induces hepatocarcinogenesis through viral genome
integration, chromosomal aberrations and modulation of host signaling
pathways. Molecular alterations of cancer hallmark genes occur during
the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. These signatures may release into
the circulation through . circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Detection of
these mutations in ctDNA may serve as liquid biopsy marker for
screening, early detection and prognosis of HCC for which this study was
undertaken. Methods: Consecutive patients of CHB-HCC (n=80),
chronic hepatitis B (n=35) and healthy (n=15) controls were included for
blood sample collection. The ctDNA was isolated from serum.
Amplification and sequencing TP53 exon 7 and β-catenin exon 3 was
carried out for predominant mutations in the ctDNA of HCC patients.
Highly sensitive dual-probe based droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays
were performed for TP53 (p.R249M & p.R249S) and β-catenin (p.S45P)
driver mutations in healthy, CHB-noncirrhotic, cirrhotic and HCC
patients. Results: Both TP53 gene exon 7 and CTNNB1 gene exon 3
region was amplified and sequenced in 32 HCC patient whereas sensitive
ddPCR assay TP53 (p.R249M & p.R249S) and β-catenin (p.S45P) mutation
for all 130 subjects. In sanger sequencing TP53 c.746 G˃T, p.R249M
mutation was predominant. In ddPCR assay, 58.75% of HCC patients (n=47)
ctDNA had at least one driver mutation in the ctDNA. Combined TP53 and
CTNNB1 mutation was observed in 12.5% of HCC patients. Increased
mutation frequency was observed in CHB-cirrhotic. CHB-HCC than
CHB-noncirrhotic and healthy subjects. Percentage mutant fraction was
highest in CHB-HCC than only CHB patients. Significant association TP53.
R249M with smoking was observed in CHB-HCC patients. Poor survival was
observed in HCC patients with combined TP53 and CTNNB1 gene mutation.
Conclusion: Driver mutation screening for TP53 and CTNNB1 gene
can be done in ctDNA for early diagnosis and prognosis.
Design of a 21-level multilevel inverter with minimum number of devices count
Authors: Hatas Hasan , Karakılıç Murat , ALMALI Mehmet
Published: February 2023

Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have attracted the attention of researchers
for their needs in industrial applications, renewable energy systems,
and electric vehicles. MLIs require a large number of power electronic
components to synthesize higher levels at the output voltage. However,
overuse of power electronic devices increases the complexity, losses,
and cost of MLIs. In this study, a new MLI has been proposed with a
reduced number of power switches. The basic unit of the proposed MLI
comprises only three independent DC sources and ten switches (eight
unidirectional, and two bidirectional) to produce 21 levels at the
output voltage waveform. The nearest level control (NLC) modulation
method has been used to produce gate pulses. Furthermore, three
extension topologies have been proposed to generate a higher number of
levels and the extension parameters have been compared with recently
introduced and conventional topologies. The comparative study shows that
the proposed MLI topology requires fewer components in terms of power
electronics parameters than the others. On the other hand, the presented
first extension study can be used for all non-extendable basic units is
one of the prominent values of the study. Simulation studies showing
modulation methods, switching patterns, and signal outputs were
performed with Matlab/Simulink. A prototype of the proposed main module
has been realized and tested in the laboratory with an FPGA processing
board. Experimental results have been verified with simulation results,
and the performance of the proposed topology has been proven.
Rethinking Saturated Fat
Authors: Dayrit Fabian
Published: February 2023

One of the most common warnings in dietary guidelines worldwide is to
avoid saturated fat. However, there is no clear definition of what a
saturated fat is. There are four definitions that have been used to
describe saturated fat: amount of saturated fatty acids in grams per 100
grams, % fatty acid profile, iodine value, and solid fat. The current
description of “saturated fat” does not distinguish between fats and
oils, which are mainly triglycerides of fatty acids, and whole food
items, which contain proteins and minerals and much lower amounts of
triglycerides. Secondly, the current classification of saturated fat
ignores the difference in the cholesterol content of vegetable oils and
animal fats. The first definition of saturated fat was based on iodine
values which does not give fatty acid composition. This classification
is still used today by various dietary guidelines. The use of solid fat
as a defining property of saturated fat is based on the melting of a fat
at room temperature. This is not scientifically precise. This paper
discusses the confusion due to the multiple definitions of saturated
fat. The following are proposed to overcome this situation: first, fats
and oils and animal-derived whole food items should be considered in
separate categories based on their lipid content; second, the saturated
fatty acid composition measured in grams per 100 grams (g/100 g) should
be used as the basis for classifying fats and oils as saturated fat; and
third, a new category of meso-fat is proposed.
Prevalence of potentially suboptimal prescribing and associated cognitive risk in Aboriginal primary care
Authors: Holdaway Marycarol , Hyde Zoë , Hughson Jo-anne , Malay Roslyn , Stafford Andrew , Fulford Kate , Radford Kylie , Flicker Leon , Smith Kate , Pond Constance Dimity , Russell Sarah , Atkinson David , Blackberry Irene , LoGiudice Dina
Published: February 2023

Aim Prevalence of potentially suboptimal prescribing and associated risk
factors were investigated among older patients attending primary care
via Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs). Methods
Prescription medications were audited for 420 systematically selected
patients aged ≥50 years at three ACCHSs in urban, rural, and remote
settings. Polypharmacy, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs),
and anticholinergic burden (ACB) were estimated and associated risk
factors explored with logistic regression. Results The prevalence of
polypharmacy, use of PIMs, and ACB score ≥3, was 43%, 18%, and 12%,
respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analyses,
polypharmacy was less likely in rural (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.24-0.77)
compared to urban health service patients, and more likely in those with
heart disease (OR=2.62, 95% CI=1.62-4.25), atrial fibrillation
(OR=4.25, 95% CI=1.08-16.81), hypertension (OR=2.14, 95%
CI=1.34-3.44), diabetes (OR=2.72, 95% CI=1.69-4.39), or depression
(OR=1.91, 95% CI=1.19-3.06). PIMs were more frequent in females
(OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.03-3.42), and less frequent in rural (OR=0.41, 95%
CI=0.19-0.85) and remote (OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.29-1.18) patients. Factors
associated with PIMs were kidney disease (OR=2.60, 95% CI=1.37-4.92),
urinary incontinence (OR=3.00, 95% CI=1.02-8.83), depression (OR=2.67,
95% CI=1.50-4.77), heavy alcohol use (OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.39-5.75) and
subjective cognitive concerns (OR=2.69, 95% CI=1.31-5.52). High
anticholinergic burden was less common in rural (OR=0.10, 95% CI
0.03-0.34) and remote (OR=0.51, 95% CI 0.25-1.04) patients, and more
common in those with kidney disease (OR=3.07, 95% CI 1.50-6.30), or
depression (OR=3.32, 95% CI 1.70-6.47). Conclusion Associations between
potentially suboptimal prescribing and depression or cognitive concerns
highlights the importance of considered medication review and
deprescribing for these patients.
Recurrent Horner’s Syndrome after Epidural Analgesia for Labor
Authors: Fuertes Saez Neus
Published: February 2023

Background: We describe a case of recurrent Horner’s Syndrome (HS) after epidural analgesia twice in the same delivery. Case Report: A 35-year-old woman requesting epidural analgesia for labor. Epidural technique was carried out without complications but resulted in a Horner’s Syndrome with incomplete and asymmetric sensory block. Due to the high suspicion of a subdural block no further local anesthetics (LA) were administered. HS resolved spontaneously. Another attempted epidural catheter placement was performed. Horner’s syndrome appeared again. No further epidural attempts were performed. Conclusions: There are no guidelines for epidural catheter management when HS is developed. Some authors consider it safe to continue LA infusion in patients with isolated HS. However, it seems prudent to discontinue LA administration to avoid high spinal block. It is important to make decisions on a case-by-case basis. This case adds the experience of management of recurrent HS in a patient in the same delivery.
Effect of Caffeine on Time to Anesthetic Emergence after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Randomized-Controlled Trial
Authors: Aziz Daghmouri Mohamed
Published: February 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine on the time to emerge from sevoflurane anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study conducted between July 2021 and October 2021. ASA I and II patients proposed for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included and randomized into 2 groups at the end of the surgery to receive either 300mg of caffeine citrate infusion (C) or saline infusion (S). The main endpoint was to compare anesthetic recovery times. The secondary endpoints were recovery scales, postoperative pain, time to the first flatus, fatigue, occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events, and plasma caffeine levels one and twenty-four hours after intravenous infusion. Results: Sixty patients were included. Both groups were comparable regarding demographic characteristics and anesthesia parameters. All average times to emergence were shorter in group C with significant differences (p <0.05) for time to spontaneous ventilation (p= 0.002, -2.86 min) and time to extubation (P= 0.004, -3.51 min). In group C the modified Aldrete scale and the Richmond agitation-sedation scale were significantly higher. Fatigue was significantly lower 4 hours postoperatively with caffeine (p = 0.049). There was no difference regarding postoperative pain, headache incidence, nausea and vomiting, time to the first flatus and satisfaction at discharge from hospital. Plasma levels of caffeine were well below the toxicity threshold. Conclusion: Caffeine administration following laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduced the time to emergence and sedation. Cardiovascular adverse events were not reported and plasma levels were well below the toxicity threshold.
Rekonstruksi Subak Lestari Desa Anggabaya Sebagai Warisan Budaya Dunia dalam Mewujudkan Pencapaian Ketahanan Pangan
Authors: Yunita I Made , Sugiantiningsih Anak Agung Putu , Noor Muhammad , Misno I Made Gede Ray , Yasa I Gede Putu
Published: February 2023

Subak adalah organisasi kemasyarakatan yang khusus mengatur sistem pengairan sawah (irigasi) yang digunakan dalam bercocok tanam padi. Subak memiliki pengaturan tersendiri, asosiasi-asosiasi yang demokratis dari petani dalam menetapkan penggunaan air irigasi untuk pertumbuhan padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rekontruksi Subak Lestari sebagai warisan budaya dunia dalam mewujudkan pencapaian ketahanan pangan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan subak bagi masyarakat tidak hanya sekedar sistem irigasi, tetapi juga merupakan konsep kehidupan bagi rakyat Bali itu sendiri. Dalam pandangan rakyat Bali, Subak adalah gambaran langsung dari filosofi Tri Hita Karana tersebut. Sebagai suatu metode penataan hidup bersama, Subak mampu bertahan selama lebih dari satu abad karena masyarakatnya taat kepada tradisi leluhur. Pembagian air dilakukan secara adil dan merata, segala masalah dibicarakan dan dipecahkan bersama, bahkan penetapan waktu menanam dan penentuan jenis padi yang ditanam pun dilakukan bersama. Harmonisasi kehidupan seperti inilah yang menjadi kunci utama lestarinya budaya Subak di pulau dewata. Rekonstruksi inilah yang perlu untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai inventarisasi perda, pergub, dan dasar hukum termasuk awig-awig dalam penguatan subak sebagai kendali dalam peningkatan hasil pertanian yang berkualitas.
PASTA GIGI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH, BIJI PINANG, GAMBIR TERHADAP HAMBATAN BAKTERI PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Suparno Nilasary Rochmanita , Putri Chintami Setyawan , Camalin Citra Monika Sainti
Published: February 2023

Periodontitis merupakan peradangan kronis pada gingiva, tulang alveolar, dan ligamen periodontal yang mendukung gigi. Salah satu bakteri yang terdapat dalam gingiva pada kondisi periodontitis adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Menyikat gigi diperlukan untuk menjaga kesehatan gigi dan gingiva dengan menggunakan pasta gigi yang aman yaitu kandungan bahan herbal sebagai agen antibakteri. Bahan herbal yang digunakan ialah kombinasi daun sirih, biji pinang, dan gambir yang diketahui sinergis. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pasta gigi kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun sirih (Piper betle), biji pinang (Areca catechu), dan gambir (Uncaria gambir) terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Jenis penelitian adalah true experimental laboratories dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control group design. Penelitian menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan kelompok perlakuan yaitu pasta gigi kontrol negatif (K-), pasta gigi kombinasi ekstrak daun sirih, biji pinang, dan gambir konsentrasi 10%; 1,5%; 0,5% (F1) dan 20%; 3%; 1% (F2), dan kontrol positif (K+). Pengukuran zona hambat menggunakan jangka sorong. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova dan Post Hoc LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata diameter zona hambat Pseudomonas aeruginosa paling tinggi pada kelompok (F2) dan tidak terbentuk zona hambat pada kelompok kontrol negatif (K-). Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok (p0,05), kecuali antara kelompok kontrol negatif (K-) dan kontrol positif (K+) dengan p0,05. Kesimpulan yaitu pasta gigi kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun sirih, biji pinang, dan gambir berpengaruh terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
PENGARUH AROMATERAPI JERUK MANIS (Citrus sinensis) TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH DAN DENYUT NADI ANAK USIA 6-9 TAHUN PADA KUNJUNGAN PERTAMA KE DOKTER GIGI
Authors: Kaswindiarti Septriyani , Khotimah Tafiana Husnul
Published: February 2023

Kecemasan dental merupakan perasaan cemas terhadap perawatan gigi dan mulut. Secara fisiologis kecemasan dapat dilihat dari peningkatan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi karena stimulasi dari sistem saraf simpatis yang dapat meningkatkan curah jantung dan vasokonstriksi arteriol sehingga dapat menyebabkan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi meningkat. Salah satu upaya untuk menurunkan kecemasan adalah melalui pemberian aromaterapi yang berasal dari kulit buah jeruk manis yang memiliki kandungan limonene yang dipercaya mampu menurunkan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aromaterapi jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis) terhadap penurunan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi anak usia 6-9 tahun pada kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian pre and posttest design yang membandingkan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi anak menggunakan sphygmomanometer digital antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok aromaterapi yang diukur sebelum dan saat duduk di kursi gigi dan melihat alat-alat kedokteran gigi. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 22, yang terdiri dari 15 kelompok kontrol dan 7 kelompok aromaterapi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh aromaterapi jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis) terhadap penurunan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi anak usia 6-9 tahun pada kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi sesuai dengan hasil analisis data menggunakan Independent T-test yang menunjukkan nilai signifikansi p0,05. Terdapat pengaruh aromaterapi jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis) terhadap penurunan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi anak usia 6-9 tahun pada kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi.
PERBANDINGAN APLIKASI CHLORHEXIDINE 2% DAN ASAM POLIAKRILAT 10% TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK BAHAN ADHESIVE SELF ETCH RESTORASI RESIN KOMPOSIT
Authors: Kartika Anindita Diptya , Widyastuti Noor Hafida
Published: February 2023

Resin komposit merupakan bahan restorasi adhesif yang dapat berikatan dengan jaringan keras gigi melalui sistem bonding. Prosedur preparasi menghasilkan smear layer yang terdiri dari bakteri, hidroksiapatit dan kolagen yang terdenaturasi. Smear layer dapat menghalangi proses terjadinya perlekatan yang sempurna bahan adhesive terhadap struktur gigi. Chlorhexidine dan asam poliakrilat 10% merupakan molekul kation yang biasanya digunakan sebagai bahan cavity cleanser dan dapat menghapuskan smear layer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan aplikasi chlorhexidine 2% dan asam poliakrilat 10% terhadap kekuatan tarik bahan adhesive self etch restorasi resin komposit. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 32 gigi premolar permanen. Sampel dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama diaplikasikan resin komposit dengan chlorhexidine 2% sebagai cavity cleanser, kelompok kedua diaplikasikan resin komposit dengan asam poliakrilat 10% sebagai cavity cleanser. Sampel direndam dalam saliva buatan selama 24 jam dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37°C. Sampel kemudian dilakukan thermocycling dengan suhu 60° C dan 4°C selama 1 menit setiap suhu, diulang 25 kali. Kekuatan tarik resin komposit diukur menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara kedua kelompok penelitian tersebut terdapat perbedaan nilai kekuatan tarik yang signifikan yakni p=0,000 (P0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi asam poliakrilat 10% sebagai cavity cleanser memiliki kekuatan tarik yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan aplikasi chlorhexidine.
IDENTIFIKASI STEREOTIP GENDER MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA: MENUJU PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN BERPERSPEKTIF GENDER
Authors: Chusniatun Chusniatun , Inayati Nurul Latifatul , Harismah Kun
Published: February 2023

Gender stereotypes as a product of gender inequality are detrimental to women in having a career and having a decent life in society. This labeling that is subordinate and negative needs to be changed so that equality between women and men is realized. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS) as a higher education institution that integrates scientific values based on Islamic values, needs to contribute to helping women's struggles to remove negative labeling for them through education with a gender perspective. The aim of the study was to describe the perceptions of UMS students about gender stereotypes through a review of welfare equality, access, awareness, participation and control on the UMS campus. This research is a case study research with a qualitative approach, which collects data using closed and open questionnaires on UMS student respondents from all faculties. Data were analyzed using Sara Longwe's gender analysis model. The results of the study showed that UMS female students were more diligent, serious, active, responsible in fulfilling assignments, full of consideration, but less like challenges, determined to change their image by implementing active achievements, less brave in front, and emotional.
Effect of Timber, Palm Oil, and Gold Output on GNI in Indonesia in the Maqashid Framework
Authors: Rusgianto Sulistya , Wardhana Akhmad Kusuma , Fauziana Hasna
Published: February 2023

This study had a purpose to observe if the natural resources production had a significant impact on GNI of Indonesia. this study also observed if the management of natural resources in Indonesia has been appropriate based on maqashid sharia principle. This study used secondary data gathered from Faostat for palm oil and Roundwood coniferous production, and the world bank for data about gross national income (GNI) and total gold reserved. The data was collected using purposive sampling from Indonesia, starting from 1970 to 2019. The data were analyzed using vector error correction model method and processed by Eviews version 10. The result showed that palm oil and Roundwood coniferous productions had no significant effect to GNI. However, ouput of gold production had a significant effect to GNI of Indonesia. This study also showed that in the case of palm oil and Roundwood production, the way they had obtained was not appropriate according to the principle of maqashid sharia. In the case of palm tree plantation, the plantation could damage the nature and affect the social economy of the local people. In the case of Roundwood coniferous production, there was may illegal logging to increase the output.
The Effect of Zakat Collection, Company Age, and Company's Total Assets on Financial Performance of Sharia Banking in Indonesia 2019-2020
Authors: Nur Iman Achmad , Sukmana Raditya , Shifa Ghifara Alfath , Kusuma Wardhana Akhmad
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship of the collection of Zakat, bank age, and total assets to the financial performance of Islamic banking in a sample of several Islamic banks in Indonesia in 2020 using multiple linear logistic regression test in the 2016-2020 period. The results show that company age and total assets of Islamic banks have a positive and significant effect on the spatial performance of Islamic banks. Meanwhile, what happened to the collection of zakat, the data showed that the collection of zakat of Islamic banks did not have a significant positive effect on the financial performance of Islamic banks. It is suspected that the large standard deviation of the zakat variable causes the first hypothesis to be unsupported. The existence of third party funds (DPK) is also suspected of having an effect on the unsupported first hypothesis.
Pembelajaran Ekonomi Abad 21: Pengukuran Literasi Ekonomi Siswa Aspek Pengetahuan dan Sikap
Authors: Aisyah Iis , Srigustini Astri
Published: February 2023

Salah satu kemampuan inti literasi dalam pembelajaran adalah literasi ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendefinisikan literasi ekonomi baik dari segi pengetahuan maupun sikap. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 94 siswa kelas XI SMA se-Kota Tasikmalaya yang dipilih secara acak (random sampling). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Tes literasi ekonomi terdiri dari 44 pertanyaan mikroekonomi dan makroekonomi yang menilai pengetahuan dan sikap di beberapa bidang. Hasil temuan mengungkapkan bahwa siswa SMA di Kota Tasikmalaya memiliki tingkat literasi ekonomi sedang. Literasi ekonomi siswa rendah baik dari segi pengetahuan maupun sikap. Dari 20 indikator terdapat 3 indikator yang berada pada kategori rendah yaitu konsep pasar, perilaku konsumen dan kewirausahaan.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Pemimpin dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru di MTs ‘Ushriyyah Purbalingga
Authors: Musriah Musriah , Sunhaji Sunhaji
Published: February 2023

Kepemimpinan pendidikan sangat dibutuhkan saat ini, diantaranya peran penting kepala masyarakat seperti kemampuan manajerial yang mencukupi dari kepala madrasah dan didukung oleh kinerja tenaga profesional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sebenarnya gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah di MTs 'Ushriyyah Purbalingga, peneliti merumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: (1) Bagaimanakah gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah di MTs 'Ushriyyah Purbalingga? (2) Bagaimana kinerja guru di MTs Ushriyyah Purbalingga? (3) Bagaimana pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah di MTs 'Ushriyyah Purbalingga?  Metode yang digunakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi.   Sedangkan teknik analisis data adalah teknik analisis model interaktif (aliran) yang meliputi reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, pengambilan keputusan/verifikasi dan keabsahan data penelitian sebagai berikut: Pertama, gaya kepemimpinan  kepala MTs 'Ushriyyah Purbalingga pada gaya kepemimpinan konversi, sosok  pemimpin yang  berada di tengah - tengah anggota  kelompoknya , menganggap bawahannya sebagai rekan seperjuangan, mengharapkan pendapat, saran, dan kritik yang membangun.  Kedua, hasil kerja para guru di MTs 'Ushriyyah Purbalingga cukup baik.  Hal ini terlihat dari guru yang semakin disiplin dalam memasuki kelas, peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru dalam menyusun perangkat pembelajaran, terbukti melakukan evaluasi, ketepatan guru dalam menyampaikan materi serta semakin bervariasinya metode dan media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru.  Ketiga, dampak gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah yang komunikasi dikatakan berhasil atau berdampak positif bagi guru. Apalagi dalam proses belajar mengajar di kelas, guru terus mengalami perkembangan ke arah peningkatan kinerja guru yang lebih baik dan memuaskan .
Women Representation as Symbols of Mother Nature: An Ecofeminism Perspective in Moana Film
Authors: Jumrah Mohd Hanafi , Karim Haryati Abdul
Published: February 2023

Women are often considered weak and discriminated against, so women rise through the wave of feminism. Ecofeminism is one of the social thoughts and movements that connect women and ecology in facing environmental challenges. This study investigates the relationship between women and nature featured in Moana (2016) film from ecofeminist thinking. The study also wanted to examine women’s relationships with ecological issues featured in the same film. This study would look at the relationship between women and nature featured in Moana (2016) film from an ecofeminist perspective and semiotic. The study also wanted to examine relationships between women’s ecological issues in the film. The emergence of ecofeminism shows the relationship between women with nature and animals. This study uses a qualitative method which is a textual analysis of the movie in six frames. These frames were selected based on several elements from the miseenscene. Once the frames are selected, the frames will be analyzed and form the themes and categories. The results found that women’s relevance to these ecological issues is divided into three based on the framework of interpretation of the ecological revolution namely ecology, reproduction, and consciousness, women in the film Moana (2016) are often associated with nature through two ecofeminism thoughts: natural ecofeminism and spiritual ecofeminism. In addition, this study also found that women's association with ecological issues is divided into two based on the framework of interpretation of the environmental revolution, namely ecology and reproduction. This study also shows that female characters in Moana (2016) films are more dominant, showing gender equality.
Examining the use of decision trees in population health surveillance research: an application to youth mental health survey data in the COMPASS study
Authors: Battista Katelyn , Diao Liqun , Patte Karen A. , Dubin Joel A. , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: February 2023

Introduction

In population health surveillance research, survey data are commonly analyzed using regression methods; however, these methods have limited ability to examine complex relationships. In contrast, decision tree models are ideally suited for segmenting populations and examining complex interactions among factors, and their use within health research is growing. This article provides a methodological overview of decision trees and their application to youth mental health survey data.

Methods

The performance of two popular decision tree techniques, the classification and regression tree (CART) and conditional inference tree (CTREE) techniques, is compared to traditional linear and logistic regression models through an application to youth mental health outcomes in the COMPASS study. Data were collected from 74 501 students across 136 schools in Canada. Anxiety, depression and psychosocial well-being outcomes were measured along with 23 sociodemographic and health behaviour predictors. Model performance was assessed using measures of prediction accuracy, parsimony and relative variable importance.

Results

Decision tree and regression models consistently identified the same sets of most important predictors for each outcome, indicating a general level of agreement between methods. Tree models had lower prediction accuracy but were more parsimonious and placed greater relative importance on key differentiating factors.

Conclusion

Decision trees provide a means of identifying high-risk subgroups to whom prevention and intervention efforts can be targeted, making them a useful tool to address research questions that cannot be answered by traditional regression methods.
Intelligent Optimized Voltage Control for Hybrid Off-Grid Power Systems
Authors: Anantwar Harsha , Sunda Shanmukh
Published: February 2023

Hybrid off-grid power systems with different renewable and non-renewable energy sources, such as wind, photovoltaics, and diesel generation, have a wide application scope in regions where grid extension is not possible. To supply quality power, hybrid off-grid power systems need proper reactive power management to deal with randomly changing load and supply. In particular, to realize dependable and quality power supply, hybrid off-grid power systems require suitable and efficient control techniques. A properly tuned controller of reactive power sources is crucial to maintain a prescribed voltage profile. Computational intelligence techniques such as particle swarm optimization can provide desired and acceptable solutions for optimization problems. In this study, we applied computational intelligent techniques for optimal control of reactive power sources, such as photovoltaic inverters and automatic voltage regulators for synchronous generators in diesel engines, to investigate dynamic voltage profile stability through reactive power management.
Digital Futures and Social Sustainability
Authors: Andok Mónika
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to show how the European Union’s vision for digital technology has evolved over the past ten years. In this regard, the paper focuses on three documents: Digital Futures – A Journey into 2050 Visions and Policy Challenges, published in 2014; 2030 Digital Compass: The European Way for the Digital Decade, published in 2021; the declaration announced in March 2022, which calls for strengthening the EU’s Cyber Resilience. The purpose of the investigation is to show how the coronavirus epidemic and the Russian–Ukrainian war have changed the EU’s perception of digital technology, how medium- and long-term forecasts have been transformed, and how the issue of sustainability has been reflected in the texts.