bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the design of the selective melt dispersion (SMD) process based on metallographic investigations of additively manufactured 316L steel samples
Authors: Noller S. F. , Pfennig A. , Dahlmeyer M.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, an author-developed experimental setup will be used to investigate the novel additive process of selective melt dispersion (SMD), a directed energy deposition (DED) process. For this purpose, 316L samples and 316L powder were additively processed by laser treatment. The parameters laser power, pulse repetition rate and feed rate were varied throughout the experiments. The samples, i.e., the welds, produced in this way were then examined for the roughness parameters Ra and Rz, weld width, weld geometry (and also height) and their microstructure. It was found that there is a correlation between the energy input and the resulting width of the weld. In addition, low roughness values in the range of those achieved by investment casting were observed. The weld geometries (cross section) of randomly selected samples were not consistent and therefore, did not yield evaluable results. Upon closer inspection, it was found that in contrast to what had been assumed, no additive material build-up could be achieved with the experimental setup. After analyzing the overall system, it became evident that the positioning of the subsystems in the experimental setup needed to be modified to enable material build-up. The successful modification of the setup was then verified by experiment.
Investigation on the impact of parameters of FSW on microstructural transitions and the strength of CDA 101 joints
Authors: Yokesh Kumar B. , Sevvel P. , John Solomon I. , Purushothaman G.
Published: December 2024

Abstact

An experimental endeavor was made to fathom the influence of employed parameters on the microstructural transitions and tensile strength of friction stir welded (FSW) joints of CDA 101 Cu alloy. This investigation also aimed at providing insight into the interdependency between the mechanical properties and transformed microstructures. Flat plates of CDA 101 alloy were joined using the FSW process by employing four distinctive speeds of traverse and rotation. Employment of 1500 rpm in combination with 25 mm/min proved to be an exceptional combination, as the zone of nugget of this joint exhibited very fine sized, dynamically recrystallized, exquisite grain structures distributed consistently in equal spaces. A maximum tensile strength of 205.79 MPa was exhibited by this joint. It was confirmed that the employed speed of rotation of 1500 rpm was responsible for the generation of the ideal amount of frictional heat and the employed speed of traverse of 25 mm/min played a vital role in permitting the tool to traverse over the regions of the line of joint for a sufficient time period. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy fractography revealed that this joint exhibited smaller voids and has failed in a purely dimple mode of fracture, indicating the higher ductility of this joint.
Assembling ancestors: the manipulation of Neolithic and Gallo-Roman skeletal remains at Pommerœul, Belgium
Authors: Veselka Barbara , Reich David , Capuzzo Giacomo , Olalde Iñigo , Callan Kimberly , Zalzala Fatma , Altena Eveline , Goffette Quentin , Ringbauer Harald , van der Velde Henk , Polet Caroline , Toussaint Michel , Snoeck Christophe , Cattelain Laureline
Published: December 2024

Post-mortem manipulation of human bodies, including the commingling of multiple individuals, is attested throughout the past. More rarely, the bones of different individuals are assembled to create a single ‘individual’ for burial. Rarer still are composite individuals with skeletal elements separated by hundreds or even thousands of years. Here, the authors report an isolated inhumation within a Gallo-Roman-period cremation cemetery at Pommerœul, Belgium. Assumed to be Roman, radiocarbon determinations show the burial is Late Neolithic—with a Roman-period cranium. Bioarchaeological analyses also reveal the inclusion of multiple Neolithic individuals of various ages and dates. The burial is explained as a composite Neolithic burial that was reworked 2500 years later with the addition of a new cranium and grave goods.
Monumental farmhouses and powerful farmers in Late Neolithic Denmark
Authors: Johannsen Jens Winther
Published: December 2024

During the Late Neolithic, a series of short-lived, monumental-scale farmhouses were constructed across southern Scandinavia. The size of these structures is often taken as a tangible manifestation of the elite status of the inhabitants. Here, the author explores the architecture and associated material culture of the six largest known examples, drawing attention to general parallels with smaller farmhouses in the region. The comparison highlights similarities in spatial organisation and function indicating that, despite their size, these monumental houses served the same roles as dwellings and centres of agricultural production. Attention to function rather than size emphasises the importance of food production and control of surpluses in the emergence of social elites at the end of the Neolithic.
Variação e mudança no uso dos relativizadores no inglês acadêmico
Authors: Luchesi Dante Lucchesi , Gomes Andrade Fabrícia Eugênia
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados quantitativos de uma análise variacionista do uso dos relativizadores no inglês acadêmico, utilizando como amostra textos transcritos de palestras universitárias e artigos de revistas científicas. É feita também uma análise comparativa com um estudo da mesma natureza, que utiliza amostras das décadas de 1970 e 1980, para a observação de um potencial processo de mudança na forma como as orações relativas são introduzidas no inglês, no que se denomina estudo da mudança em tempo real de curta duração. Por fim, são feitas sugestões para a aplicação dos resultados aqui apresentados no ensino de inglês como língua adicional, contribuindo para que esse ensino se paute por uma visão mais realista da língua.
Tradução comentada a dois sonetos de guerra, de Miguel Hernández
Authors: Kahmann Andrea Cristiane
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma tradução com comentários a dois sonetos compostos por Miguel Hernández durante a guerra civil espanhola. Os comentários enfocam o processo tradutório, que parte do conhecimento aprofundado do autor e sua obra para o estabelecimento de prioridades na tradução de sua poesia. Seguindo Jones (2024), sugerimos um processo de tradução poética que parte de uma tradução interlinear prévia a partir da qual são feitos ajustes e transformações criativas respeitando as prioridades estabelecidas. Complementamos o autor propondo uma ordem aos ajustes possíveis. A apresentação dos dois sonetos em tradução e esses comentários têm o objetivo de promover a autoconsciência do fazer tradutório, contribuindo para a crítica em tradução e para a formação de tradutores e tradutoras de poesia. Subsidiariamente, contribui para a crítica literária e as pesquisas no Brasil sobre Miguel Hernández e sobre a poesia na guerra civil espanhola.
RNA Isoform Diversity in Human Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Liu Christine S. , Park Chris , Ngo Tony , Saikumar Janani , Palmer Carter R. , Shahnaee Anis , Romanow William J. , Chun Jerold
Published: December 2024

Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) has revealed new levels of cellular organization and diversity within the human brain. However, full-length mRNA isoforms are not resolved in typical snRNA-seq analyses using short-read sequencing that cannot capture full-length transcripts. Here we combine standard 10x Genomics short-read snRNA-seq with targeted PacBio long-read snRNA-seq to examine isoforms of genes associated with neurological diseases at the single-cell level from prefrontal cortex samples of diseased and nondiseased human brain, assessing over 165,000 cells. Samples from 25 postmortem donors with Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), or Parkinson's disease (PD), along with age-matched controls, were compared. Analysis of the short-read libraries identified shared and distinct gene expression changes across the diseases. The same libraries were then assayed using enrichment probes to target 50 disease-related genes followed by long-read PacBio sequencing, enabling linkage between cell type and isoform expression. Vast mRNA isoform diversity was observed in all 50 targeted genes, even those that were not differentially expressed in the short-read data. We also developed an informatics method for detection of isoform structural differences in novel isoforms versus the reference annotation. These data expand available single-cell datasets of the human prefrontal cortical transcriptome with combined short- and long-read sequencing across AD, DLB, and PD, revealing increased mRNA isoform diversity that may contribute to disease features and could potentially represent therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.
Sound absorption efficiency of plywood-carbon fiber composites: A new frontier in wood material science
Authors: Özyurt Hamit
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the sound absorption efficiency of plywood-carbon fiber composite materials and evaluate their potential as acoustic panels. In this work, plywood and plywood-carbon fiber composite materials were produced using Uludağ fir (Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmülleriana Mattf.) peeling veneer, woven carbon fiber, and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive. Three experimental groups and a control group were created. The materials from plywood-carbon fiber composite were manufactured in three different designs to form experimental groups. The sound absorption coefficients of the plywood and the composite materials were tested via the impedance tube method, according to ASTM standard E1050-98 (2006). Attention was paid to the acoustic behavior at low (bass) frequencies (63 Hz to 250 Hz), mid frequencies (315 Hz to 1600 Hz), and high (treble) frequencies (2000 Hz to 6300 Hz). It was determined that the plywood-carbon fiber composite materials could reflect or transmit sound waves at low (bass) frequencies, while significantly absorbing sound waves at high (treble) frequencies. It can be suggested that plywood-carbon fiber composite materials could be used as sound absorbing acoustic panels.
An Accessory Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle – a Rare Variation
Authors: Saphal Lakshmi Pasupulati  , Sanjit Satheesan  , Piyush Saiyam  , Saketh Chowdary  , PK Sankaran  , Kishore Sesham
Published: December 2024

During the routine dissection of lower limb in a female cadaver of age 61 years, a rare variation in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle was noticed on the both the legs. An EDL muscle with small belly dividing into two slips, which inserted on to the second and third digits on the right leg, whereas on the left leg divided into three slips, which inserted on to the second, third and fourth digits. There was also an accessory EDL muscle arising from the middle third of the medial surface of the fibula and inserted on to the fifth digit in the left foot and it inserted on to the fourth and fifth digits in the right foot. To our knowledge, such variation hasn’t been reported in literature and apprehension of such variations is important for surgeons and orthopaedicians with regards to contractures and surgical procedures concerning the anterior leg and dorsum of the foot.
The endless memory of the «extinct genealogy» (to the 205th birthday of Hryhoriy Galagan)
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine, Suprun Nataliia
Published: December 2024

The article assesses the social significance of Hryhoriy Galagan's contribution to the formation of national self-identification and the cultural revival of the Ukrainian nation. The author presents various features of Hryhoriy Galagan's economic and reforming activities in a landlord economy against the background of market transformations. It is noted that the driving force behind Galagan's reform efforts is not only the desire to increase family wealth, but also the desire to modernize the economy in accordance with market conditions. Economic activities in the family estates of the Galagans are analyzed, such as crop cultivation, animal husbandry, and sugar cultivation. It is shown that, under the influence of the growth of market demand for certain goods (sugar, oats), Galagan significantly expanded the areas of the corresponding crops in his estates. A change in the structure of crops with an orientation to market demand led to an increase in the farm's profitability. In particular, the increase in sugar beet crops made it possible to provide sugar factories with own raw materials and reduced the cost of manufactured products. The article also highlights the creation of cloth factories, which contributed to increasing the profitability of production before the agrarian reform. It was concluded that the innovative approach to farm management, the ability to adapt to the needs of the market and the socially responsible position of the owner became the basis for the growth of commodification and profitability of estates. The article displays the main stages, forms and results of Grigory Galahan's social activities. The role of Grigory Galahan's philanthropic activity, which was manifested in the organization of the Paul Galagan College, support of ethnographic research, publication of folk songs and historical works, are separately analyzed. Galagan's patronage is considered in the article as a factor in the formation of self-awareness of the Ukrainian nation and national culture, as well as the development of independent Ukrainian education, and the history of Ukrainian culture.
The role of foreign capital in the formation of the economic system of Ukraine: analysis of scientific literature of the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine, Korniyaka Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific literature of the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries, regarding the role of foreign capital in the formation of the economic system of Ukraine. In the context of modern challenges as to the financial support of the war economy, and in the future – of the post-war recovery, attention is focused on the presence of a wide scientific discourse on the search for financial sources of reconstruction, whose important aspect is the attraction of foreign capital. An important informative source for the development of this issue is the presence of domestic historical experience of the period of market-industrial transformations, when Ukraine’s economic system developed as part of the overall imperial complex, and foreign investments became an important factor in its formation and development. In particular, it was found that due to direct and portfolio foreign investments, extensive modernization of this country's industry, and development of the financial sector and communication routes took place, which gives grounds to characterize foreign investment as one of the main stimulating factors for the development of an economic system. Along with this, it is emphasized that foreign investment can be considered a factor in the innovative development of Ukraine’s economy in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, due to the promotion of the creation of new branches of production, the introduction of new technologies and methods of production organization into domestic practice, etc. An important practical conclusion of the conducted research is that the existing historical experience is an important source of substantiation of modern state policy measures in terms of ensuring a favorable institutional environment for attracting foreign capital for the implementation of socially significant projects of modernization and restoration.
The socialist economy of Ukraine against the background of soviet reforms
Authors:   MA Institute of Labor and Social Affairs,Warsaw, Poland, Petryshyn Halyna
Published: December 2024

The thirty-second anniversary of Ukraine regaining independence is a perfect reason to remember the historical economic changes in Ukraine. Without knowledge of history, it is difficult not only to understand the present, and predict, and effectively build the future, but also to raise an informed citizen and patriot of the Ukrainian state. The history of the Ukrainian socialist economy is a history of crises and reforms.
The purpose of the proposed article is to try to answer the question: what was the process of implementing economic reforms in the Soviet Union and their impact on economic growth and development of Ukraine’s economy. None of these reforms changed it structurally because they did not aim to build a new economic order or transform the old one; their mission was to save the socialist economy.
The chronological boundaries of the study cover the post-war reconstruction in the 1945–1950s, the reforming activities of Nikita Khrushchev, as well as the reforms of the 1960s–1970s. An important period of reform of the economic and political systems occurred in the 1980s. The bold economic and political reforms introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev were subsequently referred to as «perestroika» (reconstruction), «uskorenie» (acceleration), and «glasnost» (openness). However, these reform measures were generally late and failed to stabilize the economy, and even destabilized it. Repeated and ill-conceived reforms caused unexpected changes in the politics and economic system of the USSR. The slowdown of positive trends in the agricultural economy of Ukraine and the negative dynamics of industrial production proved the ineffectiveness of the reforms.
For Ukraine, Soviet reforms meant consolidating the status of an integral part of the union economy. The ruling regime did not even allow a moment to think about liberalization or fundamental changes, consistently «tightening the screws» and strengthening the totalitarian order. Attempts to overcome economic stagnation without radical changes in the social order eventually led to its collapse.
The Ukrainian Segment of the Internet Memes as a Component of Globalized Network Folklore
Authors: Oliynyk Yaryna
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the investigation of Internet memes as a specific folklore genre, arisen as a result of development of global communication networks.
The submitted study is aimed at the characterization of the Internet memes as one of the basic forms of modern network folklore. The object includes the Internet meme as a cultural phenomenon, and its subject is the folklore and artistic aspect of Internet memes. The relevance of the investigation is determined by the constant growth of the influence of social networks on public consciousness, in particular with the help of the Internet memes and other means of carnivalization of virtual reality.
It is shown that the typical meme consists of visual and textual components determining its emotional and semantic content. The relation of these components with the artistic and folklore directions of the pre-internet age is studied. The visual one is related to postmodernism and pop art, while the textual one is the successor of the proverb, epigram, and anecdote. The key features characterizing Internet memes as a folklore phenomenon are identified: anonymity, collective co-creation, variability of content, and attribution to a laughing culture. A perspective task of systematic study of the rapidly developing Ukrainian segment of Internet memes has been formulated. Special attention is paid to the newest layer of memes generated by Ukraine’s resistance to full-scale Russian aggression.
Objektivitas Okezone.com dalam Pemberitaan Capres-Cawapres Pada Kontestasi Pilpres 2024 (Studi Analisis Isi)
Authors: Fauzia Nova , Salsabilla Dhea Kamila
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya objektivitas media dalam pemilihan presiden (Pilpres) 2024, dengan tujuan memberikan informasi yang jernih dan bebas bias kepada pemilih. Media diharapkan menyajikan berita berdasarkan fakta terverifikasi tanpa sudut pandang pribadi. Dengan menerapkan teori objektivitas dari Westerstahl, penelitian ini mengevaluasi tingkat objektivitas dalam pemberitaan media. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis isi (content analysis) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk menilai pemberitaan capres-cawapres di Okezone.com, dikategorikan dalam delapan kategori menurut teori Westerstahl. Berdasarkan analisis 88 artikel sebagai total sampling, ditemukan bahwa objektivitas pemberitaan Okezone.com masih rendah. Dimensi imparsialitas menunjukkan kelemahan, dengan berita tidak berpihak sebesar 2%, non-evaluatif 7%, dan non-sensasional 7%.
Construção e percepção do risco no ensino geográfico
Authors: Maia Younes Jamile , Pereira de Oliveira Laura Cristina , Straub de Oliveira Evelyne
Published: December 2024

A iminência de desastres e eventos extremos afeta o corpo social de diversas formas, variando conforme a posição de cada grupo na escala de vulnerabilidade socioambiental. A percepção de risco, tanto coletiva quanto individual, é crucial para prevenir e mitigar esses efeitos. Um processo educativo que aborde essas questões é necessário, considerando as mudanças climáticas atuais. Este artigo objetiva explorar como o ensino de Geografia pode ajudar na construção social e percepção do risco, utilizando a cartografia social. Propomos a técnica têxtil Arpillera, criada por mulheres chilenas para denunciar injustiças sociais. A metodologia inclui uma revisão bibliográfica argumentativa, explorando conceitos centrais e experiências relacionadas ao tema. Concluímos que essa técnica pode melhorar o ensino de Geografia, promovendo a conscientização e a compreensão dos riscos socioambientais, fortalecendo o senso coletivo e a construção de uma cultura de percepção do risco.
Isolated and combined association of insufficient physical activity and excessive sitting time on college students' negative self-rated health
Authors: De Marco Jean Carlos Parmigiani , Pelegrini Andreia , Antes Danielle Ledur
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to analyze the isolated and combined association of insufficient physical activity and excessive sitting time on negative self-rated health in university students. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 418 students from a community university in western Santa Catarina, Brazil. Self-rated health was the dependent variable. Self-reported information on moderate to vigorous physical activity and sitting time was collected through a questionnaire. University students were classified as insufficiently active or with excessive sitting time if they did not meet the recommended guidelines. For the analysis, models were developed that considered physical activity and sitting time in isolation and in combination, using those who met the guidelines as a reference. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression, with adjustment for sociodemographic variables and characteristics related to the participants' degree. Results shows that most of the participants were women (73.4%) and the average age was 22.9 years (SD = 5.3). Three out of every 10 university students had a negative self-rated health. In addition, individually, insufficiently active university students and those with excessive sitting time were 1.73 (95% CI = 1.25-2.40) and 1.40 (95% CI = 1.05-1.87) times more likely to have a negative self-rated health. In the combined analysis, when presenting both risk factors simultaneously, the probability of presenting negative self-rated health was 2.76 (95% CI = 1.62 – 4.71). College students with insufficient physical activity and excessive sitting time are at increased risk of negative self-rated health, particularly when both behaviors are present simultaneously.
Situación jurídica y funcional de las buenas prácticas estadísticas de OCDE en el ordenamiento jurídico administrativo de Costa Rica
Authors: Segura Sánchez Luis Manuel
Published: December 2024

Las buenas prácticas son un asunto común en el contexto del Derecho Administrativo Global (...)
Doublepipe reeds: Phragmites, straw, and data-logging for distributed reed research
Authors: Sciascia Marco , Brown Barnaby
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on some questions that fundamentally shape the revival of ancient double­pipes. These surround the choice of material used for reed-making, interrogating what ancient Greek sources, specifically Theophrastus, report in this regard. These testimonies are interpreted through the lens of our own experience as reed makers and performers of ancient doublepipes, comparing the results obtained from culms of different species, growing locations, and harvesting times. Issues that negatively influence the research aiming to develop reliable reconstruction of ancient reeds are discussed. These include ad hoc gathering of data, less than rigorous analysis, and knowledge silos prone to bias. This leads the authors to propose a method of cataloguing culm harvests and manufactured reeds that uses accessible technology to facilitate collaboration and build stronger data with an open science ethos.
Teotihuacan whistling vessels
Authors: Both Adje
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the study of a sample of pre-Columbian whistling vessels from Teotihuacan, Mexico, in terms of their organology (morphology, construction and functionality), sonority, iconology and sound symbolism, contributing to the interpretation of their possible uses and cultural contexts during the Classic period of Mesoamerica in a time range of 100–650 CE. In addition, the instruments are com­pared with possible predecessors, contemporary variants, and adaptations from Oaxaca and the Maya area, revealing interrelations with other cultures. Apart from a thorough examination of the accessible sound artefacts, and the comparison with published specimens, the construction and subsequent test of a series of experimental reproductions are also taken into account.
sound of thunder
Authors: Ciura Monika
Published: December 2024

The turtle shell idiophone is an instrument known from iconographical and archaeological sources from the Preclassic through the Classic Period of the Maya culture (250 BCE – 900 CE). It appears in historical scenes depicting ritual sacrifices, processions, and dancing, and is typically included in a percussion band along with gourd rattles and a tall, cylindrical drum. The mythological contexts of the turtle shell idiophone appearance provide more information on the possible symbolic sig­nificance of its sound. The author analyzes all known depictions of this idiophone and contextual­izes them with archaeological findings, providing comprehensive information about the way this musical instrument looked and contexts of its use. Ultimately, the interpretation of the turtle shell’s sound as symbolically connected to the sound of thunder is verified.
Sounds of a Grand Race
Authors: Burlin Toivo
Published: December 2024

This ethnomusicological, anthropological, and archaeomusicological study examines pre-modern conceptualizations of sound, ‘music’, and spatiality in northern Sweden before trains, electricity, gramophone, and radio arrived, through the lens of a specific body of material: mentions of sound and ‘music’ in recorded folklore accounts of the supernatural race known as the vitra and the ‘supernatural’ infrastructures known as vitra paths. The article introduces an extensive body of material – including both written records and sound recordings – from the northernmost land­scapes of Sweden, especially Lappland, Västerbotten, and Ångermanland, with particular emphasis on Lycksele and Degerfors parishes. According to folklore, the vitra lived underground, in the woods, inside the mountains, and outside human culture. They were encountered along the paths they traveled through in the landscape, and especially in auditory and musical experiences. Vitra beliefs are documented in oral descriptions and in Sámi vuole, Swedish herding tunes, and other tunes attributed to vitra. Vitra ‘music’ has been described as strong, beautiful, chromatic, and dis­sonant, and could be vocal or instrumental. This study addresses the pre-modern reception of sound and ‘music’ through theories of hearing/listening, soundscapes, and acoustemology. It offers new per­spectives on how people in the area studied have understood their sounding reality in relation to natural spaces, landscapes, and soundscapes. It presents an interpretation of the cul­tural meanings of vitra paths as an originally Sámi concept related to shamanism and Saivo, which mixed with Swedish and Finnish folk beliefs. The resulting transculturation was specific to the area and pro­duced the acoustemological and sound-musical-spatial infrastructure concept of vitra paths, which have been perceived – along with vitra sounds – as spatial framings of vitra areas. The study ends with a discussion of pre-modern conceptualizations of sound and ‘music’ before the modern con­cept of music was established in northern Sweden (and all of Western culture) with the advent of modernity.
Az akadémiai szabadság kiüresedése
Authors: Fleck Zoltán , Matyasovszky-Németh Márton , Fábián Áron
Published: December 2024

Az egyetemek a jelenlegi neoliberális kapitalizmus világrendszerében olyan
strukturális gyengeségeket termeltek ki, amelyek csaknem alkalmatlanná teszik
őket a szellem szabadságának védelmére baljós időkben. Az oktatás válsága
összefügg a tudomány és tudás társadalmi pozíciójával és tágabb értelemben a
késő modern társadalom válságával. Írásunkban amellett érvelünk, hogy a
felsőoktatást kívülről érő kettős – politikai-ideológiai, valamint neoliberális
gazdasági – fenyegetéssel szemben az akadémiai szabadság csak úgy védhető meg,
ha azt tartalommal töltjük meg. Az akadémiai szabadság puszta jogi garanciává
üresítése elégtelen gátat jelent ezen strukturális fenyegetésekkel szemben.
Emiatt javaslatunk egy, az akadémiai szabadság belső, intézményi, kulturális
oldalára fókuszáló megközelítés.
Az akadémiai szabadság a hazai felsőoktatásban a rendszerváltás után
Authors: Polónyi István
Published: December 2024

A tanulmány az akadémiai szabadság és az intézményi autonómia történelmi
alakulását tekinti át a felsőoktatásban, kitekintve annak legfontosabb
irodalmára. Ezt követően az akadémiai szabadság legfontosabb jellemzőinek (a
tanítás szabadságának, a kutatás szabadságának, a kollegiális koordinációnak és
a hallgatók tanulási szabadságának) formálódását tekinti végig a hazai
felsőoktatásban a törvények alapján. Az elemzésből elég világosan látszik, hogy
a hazai akadémiai szabadság a vizsgált harminc évben jelentősen csökkent. A
tanulmány ezután ezen elemzés alapján megalkotja a magyarországi akadémiai
szabadság időbeli összetett mutatóját, és összehasonlítja azt a Világbank magyar
kormányzatra vonatkozó teljesítménymutatóival (kormányzati hatékonyság;
politikai stabilitás és erőszak/terrorizmus hiánya; szabályozási minőség;
jogállamiság; politikai részvétel és elszámoltathatóság) a vizsgált időszak
alatt. Az elemzés robusztus korrelációt talál. Robusztus korrelációt talál akkor
is, ha az akadémiai szabadságot a (FAU és a V-Dem Intézet alapján kiadott)
Akadémiai Szabadság Index Magyarországra vonatkozó adatai és a Világbank magyar
kormányzatra vonatkozó teljesítménymutatói között hasonlítjuk össze a vizsgált
évekre vonatkozó adatokat. Az elemzés eredménye szerint a magyar akadémiai
szabadság csökkenése az elmúlt három évtizedben, de különösen az elmúlt
évtizedben szoros korrelációt mutat a magyar kormányzati teljesítménymutatók
romlásával.
Do we really know the environmental impacts of chemical recycling of plastics?
Authors: Pacifici Daniele , Roskilly Alex , Ongwae Moraa , Burrows Alice
Published: December 2024

Over the past decade, research into chemical recycling (CR) of plastic waste has gained significant traction. Simultaneously, life cycle assessment (LCA) has become an increasingly crucial tool for evaluating the environmental impacts of materials, products, and processes. This review provides a critical overview of the current research landscape. It highlights the ambiguity surrounding nomenclature, where ‘chemical recycling’ and ‘feedstock recycling’ are often used interchangeably to encompass the several waste plastic conversion processes. This can lead to unclear comparisons between CR and mechanical recycling (MR) processes. This critical analysis of major technical papers on CR revealed the common pitfalls of CR LCAs. Direct comparisons between CR and MR and between chemical processes and conventional incineration are now considered obsolete, given the variety of chemical processes and feedstocks available. CR complements MR by recovering plastic waste that is not amenable to MR, hence the need to specify the wider context. To establish a fairer and more comprehensive assessment of CR methods, and support its policy integration, further research on processing of plastic waste is imperative. This paper provides recommendations on how to expand the data pool and improve the assessment of the real environmental benefits of CR.
Mitlerde ve Müslüman Gelenekte Kadının Yaratılması
Authors: Kanter Özden
Published: December 2024

Kadının yaratılması ile ilgili mitsel anlatımlar, toplumun yaşam biçimi, bulunduğu coğrafya ve kadının toplumdaki rolüne göre olumlu veya olumsuz motiflerle şekillenmiştir. Geçmiş zamanlardan bu yana birçok toplumda hâkimiyet kuran ve hükmeden erkek olduğundan dinsel söylem ve yorumlar da doğal olarak eril bir dil etrafında şekillenmiştir. İslam’ın ortaya çıktığı dönemde de asabiyet belirleyici olmakla birlikte toplumların yaşam biçiminin erkek egemen olduğu ifade edilebilir. Buna rağmen gerek Kur’an’ın kadın ile ilgili bakış açısı gerekse Hz. Muhammed’in yaşantısındaki örneklerin bize, İslam’ın gelişine kadar yerleşmiş olan olumsuz ve bir metadan ibaret kadın algısını değiştirmeyi hedeflediğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada mitlerde kadının yaratılışına dair anlatımların kültürel ve inançsal arka planları ele alınarak Müslüman gelenekteki yorumlarla ortak veya ayrışan yönleri değerlendirilecektir. Kadın ile ilgili birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Fakat yapılan her çalışma o alanın sınırları içerisinde ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada disiplinler arası bir karşılaştırma yöntemi kullanarak, mitlerdeki kadın algısının toplumsal zihinde oluşmaya başlamasından günümüze kadar yorumlanmasındaki değişiklikler incelenmektedir. Netice itibariyle mitlerde toplumsal yaşamın şekline göre kadın ya yüceltilmiş veya sonrasında vahiy kaynaklı dinlerin yorum biçimlerine de yansıdığı gibi yaratılışı ile ilgili anlatımlardan başlayarak, onun içinde bulunduğu her yer ve durum olumsuzlanmıştır. Oysa Kur’an, iman eden ve salih amel işleyen bireyleri övmüş ve onları ahirette kurtuluşa erenler olarak nitelendirmiştir. Hz. Peygamber de toplumda kadının konumunu değiştirmek için gerek kendi hayatıyla örneklik teşkil ederek, gerekse inananlara tavsiyelerde bulunarak kadın, erkek, çocuk ayrımına gitmeden toplumda birleştirici bir farkındalık oluşturmaya gayret etmiştir.
70 años del armisticio en la península coreana: Prospectos para la paz y la unificación
Authors: López Aymes Juan Felipe
Published: December 2024

En julio de 2023 se conmemoró el setenta aniversario de la firma del armisticio que puso pausa a la guerra de Corea. Esta conflagración fratricida empezó siendo un conflicto interno, pero se internacionalizó cuando las partes en disputa buscaron en el exterior apoyo a sus causas, lo que dio cabida a la intervención de intereses extranjeros después de la liberación en 1945. La causa común era la formación de una sola Corea, aunque había más de una visión sobre la configuración de la economía política del nuevo Estado-nación. Este artículo coincide con el argumento de que la división de la península coreana no solo es resultado de procesos externos, sino que los gobiernos y élites dominantes en ambas Coreas son corresponsables. Debido a la agencia de los protagonistas y su interés de sobrevivencia como objetivo último, se argumenta que la idea de reunificación repercute de manera contraproducente en el proceso de paz de la península coreana y es una variable explicativa de las dificultades para cambiar la estructura de seguridad regional.
Clásicos de la antropología coreana: Una revisión desde los aportes a los estudios coreanos en América Latina
Authors: Gallardo García Sergio
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este texto es dar cuenta de obras de la antropología coreana que puedan ser consideradas referentes para el desarrollo de los estudios coreanos en América Latina.
Este trabajo tiene la intención en profundizar en el conocimiento que desde la antropología se ha hecho para comprender la cultura coreana y qué aportes podría ofrecernos para guiar y desarrollar la maduración de los estudios coreanos en nuestros contextos académicos.
El argumento que guía esta propuesta es que, al identificar los posibles ‘clásicos de la antropología coreana’, podríamos generar una serie de lecturas formativas que nos ayuden a desarrollar un debate crítico sobre la cultura o culturas coreanas, desde las propuestas reflexivas que han nacido en la península.
Finalmente, se hará un balance analítico propio a fin de identificar las herramientas teóricas y metodológicas, propuestas etnográficas y demás aportes que se considera podrían tener estas obras para el desarrollo de los estudios coreanos en América Latina.
ŌGI Bio Oxygen Flask Cleaning v2
Authors: Hocking Jack
Published: December 2024

This protocol is for the cleaning of your OGI BioReactor Oxygen Measurement Flasks.
Comparing Dowry System and Mahr: Cultural Practices Versus Ottoman Law in Turkish Matrimonial Traditions
Authors: Ekşi Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Marriage, a social institution with various obligations and customs, involves legal responsibilities like dowry, alimony, and cohabitation. Traditional practices like bride price, gift-giving, breastfeeding rights, and dowry are deeply rooted in societal culture. This study focuses on dowry, a multifaceted concept encompassing personal and household items prepared for the bride and those she brings to her marital home. However, the distinction between these traditional customs and the dowry mandated by Islamic Law often must be clarified to avoid misconceptions and misinterpretations. This study aims to distinguish matrimonial practices’ religious and cultural origins and elucidate their distinctions. Islamic law mandates that the groom provides the dowry directly to the bride, contrasting with traditional dowry practices often rooted in cultural traditions. Other customs like bride price and gift-giving further complicate the landscape of matrimonial customs. Islamic law provides clear guidelines for marital obligations through religious scriptures, but traditional practices often lack definitive boundaries, leading to asset distribution complications upon marriage dissolution. Historical records from the Ottoman period provide insights into the judiciary’s role in resolving dowry-related disputes. The urgency of developing comprehensive legal regulations concerning traditional marital practices, such as dowry, is underscored, as it is crucial for fostering clarity and fairness in marital relations. This study adopts a comprehensive approach, utilising historical records from the Ottoman period, specifically the Istanbul Kadı Registers. These registers provide detailed accounts of dowry-related disputes and resolutions, serving as the cornerstone of our understanding of the judiciary’s role and the legal provisions related to dowry practices. A wide range of secondary sources, including historical texts, legal commentaries, and contemporary scholarly articles on Islamic matrimonial law and Turkish cultural practices, were also analysed to deepen the analysis.
Establishing a Harmonious Society: The Approach of Sahih Bukhari Hadith in Addressing Socio-Political Issues in Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Majid Latifah
Published: December 2024

Malaysia is a country with a socio-political landscape that consists of various religions and races. The socio-politics of the country often experience tensions and face multiple challenges in managing social pluralism. Among the issues that arise when dealing with the challenges of diversity in society include prejudice between races, ethnic identities that hinder unity, and differences in thoughts, beliefs, and habits among races. This situation calls for an alternative approach to building a society that can foster harmony, peace, and positive interaction among the different races, religions, cultures, and ethnicities. The achievements to create a pluralistic society must be based on elements such as political stability, community cohesion, and national harmony. This study utilised a qualitative method by examining data and analyzing documents, including observations on current issues in socio-politics. The primary data for this study is derived from the book Sahih Bukhari. The objective of the study was to analyze the solutions for building a pluralistic society from the perspective of Sahih Bukhari hadith and apply the values of social justice, harmony, political stability, and social cohesion in a pluralistic society. The results of the study revealed that the Sahih Bukhari hadith contains comprehensive guidance to inculcate values such as social justice, harmony, stability, and social cohesion, which ensure the formation of the Malaysian nation-state. The study’s implications show that Sahih Bukhari’s hadith is a source of reference for formulating policies and strategies to address socio-political issues in Malaysia. The values contained in the Hadith Sahih al-Bukhari contribute to the formation of a more harmonious and united society.
Methods of Communication between Muslim Parents and Teenagers in Malaysia
Authors: Aini Zulkefli
Published: December 2024

The communication process within a family typically has parents as transmitters and parents as receivers. The pattern of communication between parents and children determines the family climate, whether positive or otherwise. The growth and changes faced by teenagers in this phase cause them to become more sensitive to their surroundings. Children generally prefer to be treated like adults and desire increased autonomy in making decisions. Appropriate communication methods must be applied by parents, especially when children have entered the teenage phase. However, some parents face communication challenges in dealing with teenagers, such as difficulty in understanding teenagers’ attitudes, time constraints, and outside influences. Thus, this study aims to identify the communication methods carried out by Muslim parents with teenagers in Malaysia. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological design and includes 20 respondents from the North, East, West and South zones of Peninsular Malaysia. The method of data collection is a semi-structured interview method. Each interview has been transcribed and analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti software 23. The findings of the study show that there are five methods of communication between Muslim parents and teenagers, (1) making religion the foundation for building a strong family bond, with Islamic principles guiding interactions; (2) spending quality time together as a means to foster closeness and mutual understanding; (3) providing consistent advice and guidance to teenagers, particularly in relation to moral and ethical concerns; (4) parents acting as positive role models, embodying values and behaviors they wish to impart to their children; and (5) the use of digital media as a modern communication tool, enabling both parents and teenagers to stay connected and engaged.
Assessing Islamic Moral Values Among Muslim Youth in Nigeria
Authors: Abdul Aziz Azreen Hamiza
Published: December 2024

Any society’s stability hinges upon its members’ collective adherence to moral principles and practices. Morality, universally relevant, acts as a unifying force that transcends religious, racial, and regional boundaries. This study examines the moral values of Muslim youth in Nigeria, highlighting the rising deviation from Islamic principles towards Western culture and immorality. Through a qualitative research strategy, data was collected by conducting interviews with selected youths across Nigeria and experts in Islamic moral teachings. Thematic analysis is applied to discern crucial patterns in the study. The study reveals that forsaking Islamic moral values and adopting Western culture results in moral decadence, which contributes to rising crime rates, including sexual assaults, substance abuse, highway robbery, educational setbacks, and mental health disorders. The root causes of the deterioration include the lack of individual morality, societal moral ethics, and ignorance of Islamic moral values. The study recommends integrating Islamic moral teachings from the Qur’an and Sunnah alongside encouraging positive cultural and moral behaviours to mitigate these challenges. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of raising awareness among youth regarding the detrimental effects of Western and non-Islamic culture. Tackling the shortcomings in personal and societal morality, addressing moral ignorance, and engaging parents, schools, and the community are suggested as essential measures to mitigate the impact of moral decline.
Assessment of Administrative Services in State Mental Health Hospitals Among Muslim Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Abu Hassan Shaari Azahah
Published: December 2024

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) leads mental health research in the Arabic world, addressing challenges for Muslim patients seeking treatment at hospitals. This study aims to evaluate the quality of administrative services at public mental health hospitals, as perceived by Muslim recipients in the KSA. This descriptive quantitative study used a self-reported questionnaire to collect data from 200 public mental health service recipients in the KSA from 4 January 2022 to 4 March 2022. More than 95% of participants were optimistic about the entry process procedures. Approximately 88% of the participants accepted the policies for booking an appointment with a doctor. The study’s findings highlight the need to streamline and improve the communication of administrative procedures to provide recipients with optimal clarity and convenience. By addressing the moderately reported issues with policy transparency related to visit cancellations, referrals, and treatment completion, patient satisfaction and compliance could be improved, leading to a more efficient and patient-centred healthcare experience. These findings underscore the importance of streamlining administrative procedures to enhance clarity and convenience for Muslim patients, ultimately contributing to a more patient-centred healthcare experience in mental health hospitals in the KSA.
The role of methionine cycle disruption in the initiation and progression of malignant tumors
Authors: Ruksha T. G. , Kurbat M. N. , Palkina N. V. , Kutsenko V. A.
Published: December 2024

The methionine cycle is responsible for the metabolism of substances associated with methionine, one of the essential amino acids for protein synthesis. The methionine cycle dysregulation leads to non-proteinogenic amino acid homocysteine accumulation that can have a negative impact on a health. Numerous studies describe homocysteine effect on cardiovascular pathology development but its role in carcinogenesis remains poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to analyze scientific data regarding the role of methionine catabolism dysregulation in a cell neoplastic transformation and tumor growth. Understanding cellular alterations of methionine metabolism is important for novel anti-cancer drugs development as well as establishing approaches for combinatorial treatment strategies aiming to overcome metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and their drug resistance.
ON ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES OF SQUARE GRID GRAPHS
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich F. , Fabillar Edwin B. , Casinillo Emily L.
Published: December 2024

We investigate the algebraic structures of square grid graphs and obtain isomorphism theorems.