bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Running Posture Optimization in the Process of Track and Field Sports Based on Biomechanical Principle
Authors: Yang Yan , Shi Bing , Huang Xianzhong
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to optimize the running posture of college students by using the principle of rod model in biomechanics. Based on this, through experiments and analysis, this paper studies some posture problems existing in college students' running process, and analyzes the influence these problems may have on the speed and stability of college students, and finally puts forward some solutions. In this paper, firstly, through the analysis of college students' motion images in Sports-1M data set, the movement process of college students is grasped, and a biomechanical model of college students' running posture is established. The actual running posture of college students is compared with this model. Then, in the process of comparison, the paper finds some posture defects, such as the backward landing point of footsteps, too great knee flexion and so on, which may lead to extra friction and energy loss for college students and have a great impact on their sports process. Therefore, this paper uses the image data in the data set to detect the movement state of college students, and finds that the running posture of some college students has a significant impact on their running process, so this paper makes a series of adjustments and optimizations to the running process of college students. It includes the adjustment of running posture, such as the adjustment of knee joint and elbow joint, which provides reasonable suggestions for improving the speed and stability of college students to effectively reduce the pressure on college students' knee joint and other related parts. In addition, the paper also tests the muscle electrical signals and skin reactions of college students during exercise. The results show that the optimized posture can make more effective use of muscle strength and reduce skin friction and wear during simulated running. This paper provides new ideas and examples for the optimization of college students' running posture, and also provides reference for the application and exploration of biomechanics in sports training. In addition, the paper can improve the competitive level of college students and make some contributions to the development of sports.
Mechanistic evaluation of enhanced graphene toxicity to Bacillus induced by humic acid adsorption
Authors: Zhao Qing , Zhang Xuejiao , Zeng Jin , White Jason , Li Fangbai , Xiong Zhiqiang , Zhang Siyu , Xu Yuze , Yang Jingjing , Tang Weihao , Wu Fengchang , Xing Baoshan
Published: September 2023

The extensive application of graphene nanosheets (GNSs) has raised concerns over risks to sensitive species in the aquatic environment. The humic acid (HA) corona is traditionally considered to reduce GNSs toxicity. Here, we evaluated the effect of sorbed HA (GNSs-HA) on the toxicity of GNSs to Gram positive Bacillus tropicus. Contrary to previous data, GNSs-HA exhibited greater toxicity than bare GNSs. Multi-omics combined with sensitive bioassays and electrochemical methods demonstrated that bare GNSs disrupted oxidative phosphorylation by causing physical membrane damage. This led to the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and inhibition of ATP production, subsequently suppressing metabolic processes and ultimately causing bacterial death. Conversely, GNSs-HA directly extracted electrons from bacteria and oxidized biomolecules due to HA-improved electron transfer. This finding suggests that the HA corona does not always mitigate the toxicity of engineered nanoscale pollutants (ENPs), thereby introducing uncertainty over the interaction between the environmental corona and ENPs during ecological risk evaluation.
Factors Influencing Unsafe Abortion Decision-Making Among Young Women in an Abortion-Restricted Setting
Authors: Mukerenge Ndinohokwe F. , Tjandja Julia M. , Nakakuwa Filippine N.
Published: September 2023

Background
Abortion is one of the leading causes of maternal death in low- and middle-income countries. With few African countries legalizing abortion, rates are higher in countries where access to legal abortion is restrictive. Although the act is still regarded as a criminal offense in Namibia, women still find other means and ways to terminate unplanned pregnancies, resulting in unsafe abortions. The study aimed to explore the factors influencing unsafe abortion decision-making among young women in a referral hospital in Namibia.
Method
The method employed was a qualitative explorative descriptive design. Eleven participants were interviewed face-to-face using the semi-structured interview guide at an Intermediate Hospital female ward. The data was analyzed thematically.
Results
Our study respondents were young women aged 16 to 24 years. About 66.7% (n = 10) were school-going, while 33.3% (n = 5) dropped out of school. Some of the young women (53.3%; n = 8) had been pregnant before. All our respondents indicated their marital status as single at the time of the study. The analysis yielded four main themes: Understanding the term abortion, interpersonal factors, personal factors, and views on legalizing abortion. The study revealed that influencing factors were strongly personal and interpersonal, including young women’s fear of rejection by their parents and/or the community, lack of support, and desire to pursue education and bear children in marriage.
Conclusion
Young women’s decisions on abortion are greatly influenced by various internal and external factors. There is an unmet need for abortion on demand among young women in abortion-restricted settings such as Namibia.
Analytical and Experimental investigation of Recyclic Type Photovoltaic Thermal Air Collector (RPVTAC) and optimization through Surface Response Methodology
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Dhiman Prashant
Published: September 2023

The rapid expansion of renewable energy sources has spurred a growing interest in photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) systems, offering a dual benefit of harnessing solar energy for both electricity and heat generation. Among these, the Recyclic Type Photovoltaic Thermal Air Collector (RPVTAC) stands out as a promising design amalgamating photovoltaic and thermal technologies. However, achieving its maximum potential and efficiency necessitates a thorough performance evaluation and optimization. This investigation encompasses a comprehensive assessment of thermal, electrical, and overall performance for an unglazed Photovoltaic Thermal Air Collector incorporating a recyclic air flow operation (RPVTAC). To grasp the intricacies of system behaviour, an analytical model is devised, encompassing heat transfer characteristics of the RPVTAC through the solution of governing equations governing its constituent components. The model's precision is corroborated by aligning simulated values with experimental outcomes obtained under analogous flow and geometric conditions, yielding remarkable conformity within acceptable margins. Additionally, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is employed to scrutinize simulated results and fine-tune process parameters of the RPVTAC. The study examines the impact of variables such as recyclic ratio (G), variable air mass flow rate (ṁ), channel depth ratio (D), solar irradiation, and packing factor (P) of the PV module on RPVTAC's performance traits. Guided by the RSM model outcomes, optimal configurations emerge for thermal efficiency: ṁ = 0.1497 kg/s, G = 1.798, D = 3.52, and P = 0.5; for electrical efficiency: ṁ = 0.1499 kg/s, G = 1.799, D = 2.89, and P = 0.945; for net electrical power: ṁ = 0.1499 kg/s, G = 1.799, D = 3.7525, and P = 0.95.
An Extended Kalman Filter Based SOC Estimation for Li-ion Battery Packs Integrated with a Fixed-Point Micro-controller
Authors: Khanna Yash , Singh Parmender , K.V Sundaraaman , Mahipati Narayan Surendra , Jain Rajath
Published: September 2023

A fixed point Extended Kalman filter (EKF) model is designed and implemented for modest Battery Management System (BMS) for light EV applications. The standard EKF state equations are re-scaled to a higher resolution and converted to a fixed-point decimal word-length. The coulomb counting (CC) and open circuit voltage (OCV) based methods are integrated via a fixed point extended Kalman filter technique. The updated approach can overcome the inaccuracy of CC and the insufficiency of OCV-based methods. Initial state estimation, process and measurement noise co-variances are estimated based on experimental cell data. The algorithm is able to achieve < 500μs of computation time on the fixed-point micro-controller BMS unit. The validation results based on the continuous and multiple drive cycle tests indicate an error of ≤ 2% in State of Charge (SOC) estimation.
Impact of Visceral Obesity on Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life for Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Data Analysis of STaMINA (BMT CTN 0702) Trial
Authors: Malek Ehsan , Kort Jeries , Metheny Leland , Fu Pingfu , Hari Parameswaran , Li Gen , Efebera Yvonne , Callander Natalie , Qazilbash Muzaffar , Giralt Sergio , Krishnan Amrita , Stadtmauer Edward , Lazarus Hillard
Published: September 2023

Obesity is a common health problem among multiple myeloma (MM) patients, and it has been linked to poor clinical outcomes and quality of life (QOL). We conducted a secondary analysis of the BMT CTN 0702, a randomized, controlled trial comparing outcomes of three treatment interventions after a single hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), to investigate the impact of visceral obesity, as measured by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), on clinical outcomes and QOL in MM patients. 549 MM patients, median age 55.5 years, were enrolled in the study. The majority of patients received triple-drug antimyeloma initial therapy before enrollment, and 29% had high-risk disease according to cytogenetic assessment. The median follow-up time was six years. There was no significant association between WHR and progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) in MM patients undergoing HCT. Similarly, body mass index (BMI) did not significantly predict PFS or OS. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between WHR and QOL measures. In conclusion, this study suggests that visceral obesity, as measured by WHR, may not significantly impact clinical outcomes in MM patients undergoing HCT. Further studies utilizing imaging technologies to assess the impact of visceral obesity distribution are warranted.
Elevated CO2 levels promote both carbon and nitrogen cycling in global forests
Authors: Baojing Gu , Cui Jinglan , Zheng Miao , Bian Zihao , Pan Naiqing , Tian Hanqin , Zhang Xiuming , Qiu Ziyue , Xu Jianming
Published: September 2023

Forests provide vital ecosystem services, particularly as carbon sinks for nature-based climate solutions. However, the global impact of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels on carbon and nitrogen interactions of forests remains poorly quantified. We integrate elevated CO2 experimental observations and biogeochemical cycle model to elucidate the synergies between enhanced nitrogen and carbon cycling in global forests under elevated CO2. Elevated CO2 levels alone increase net primary productivity by 26% (95% CI, 21-30%) and leaf C:N ratio by 32% (18-46%), while stimulating biological nitrogen fixation by 72% (27-136%) and nitrogen use efficiency by 22% (8-38%). Under the elevated CO2 middle road scenario for 2050, forest carbon sink is projected to increase by 0.32 billion tonnes (PgC), with forest products increasing by 4 million tonnes (Tg) nitrogen, reactive nitrogen loss to the environment decreasing by 8 Tg, and fertilizer input decreasing by 4 Tg nitrogen relative to the baseline scenario. The monetary impact assessment of the direct elevated CO2 impact on forests represents a social value of US$292 billion. These findings should inform the development of forest management strategies for future climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Computational analysis and experimental verification of donor-acceptor behaviour of berberine, and its co-oligomers and co-polymers with ethylenedıoxythıophene
Authors: Rajapakse R. M. Gamini , Horrocks Benjamin R. , Gunarathna H. M. N. P. , Malikaramage A. U. , Egodawele M. G. S. A. M. E. W. D. D. K , Herath W. H. M. R. N. K. , Sandakelum Lahiru , Bandara V. M. Y. S. U. , Bowaththa W. V. N. S. , Jayasinghe J. M. Susanthi , Seneviratne V. N. , Ranatunga Udayana , Perera L. L. K. , Dassanayake S. M. , Udawatte Chandana P.
Published: September 2023

The donor-acceptor (D-A) type of conjugated polymers has emerged as the paradigm of the third generation of electronically conducting polymers demonstrating improved infrared activity and intrinsic electronic conductivity. Judicious selection of donor (D) and acceptor (A) monomers for copolymerization can further fine-tune these properties. Notably, for such refinement, natural compounds provide many conjugated molecules with various functional groups. Berberine cation (Ber+) found in Coscinium fenestratum has extensive conjugation and contains both an electron deficient isoquinolium A moiety and electron-rich D-type methylenedioxy and methoxy groups. The incorporation of natural products in electronic materials is a novel area of research which opens a wide scope for future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Investigation of their fundamental properties via computer simulations is therefore important. In this study, quantum chemical calculations are performed using density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the electronic and optical properties of oligomers of Ber+ and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and to explore the possibilities for homo-polymerization of Ber+ and its copolymerization with EDOT. It has been revealed that homo-polymerization is not favoured but copolymerization with EDOT is possible. As such, Ber+ was copolymerized with EDOT and the copolymers formed by electro-polymerization are extensively characterised and the D-A behaviour of the copolymers verified. Furthermore, the theoretical predictions have been compared with the experimental data.
RETRACTED: Does Exclusion of Trade Credit Late Payments From Deductible Costs Shorten Days Payable Outstanding?
Authors: Bernal Arkadiusz , Białek-Jaworska Anna
Published: September 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Tree occurrence in agricultural landscapes of peri-urban Kigali in semi-arid context of Rwanda
Authors: Ruticumugambi Jean Aimé , Kaplin Beth A. , Blondeel Haben , Mukuralinda Athanase , Ndoli Alain , Verdoodt Ann , Rutebuka Jules , Imanirareba Ephrem , Uwizeyimana Valens , Gatesi Julienne , Nkurikiye Jean Bosco , Verbeeck Hans , Verheyen Kris , Vancoillie Frieke
Published: September 2023

In tropical Africa, a wide range of agroforestry practices exist, resulting in various configurations of trees in the landscape, with an unknown impact on ecosystem services. We evaluated tree occurrence, structure, and composition in agroforestry systems within four contrasting landscapes representing different levels of tree cover in peri-urban Kigali and in the eastern province of Rwanda. We used a stratified random sampling procedure, based on soil depth and slope, to allocate 60 plots of 0.26 ha in each of the four landscapes. We conducted an extensive field inventory to provide deeper insight into the dendrometric characteristics of woody vegetation and compare landscapes. We counted all woody plants with ≥ 4 cm diameter at breast height (DBH). Over 70% of the individual trees were exotic tree species across the four agricultural landscapes. The three most common and dominant tree species across the landscapes were Grevillea robusta, a tree used mainly for timber which represents 42.7% of all individuals encountered, followed by Mangifera indica (12.34%) mainly used for fruit production, and Euphorbia turcalii (11.04%) mainly used for hedgerows. Most of the agroforestry trees encountered were small, scattered individuals, with almost 80% < 15 cm DBH bordering the farmlands and cut before reaching bigger sizes. The occurrence of trees varied considerably within and between landscapes, suggesting the effect of agroecological systems. Here, future studies may potentially address this link more explicitly. We showed that it is important to consider native tree species in landscape restoration initiatives given a high adoption rate of exotics.
A rapid review of opportunities and challenges in the implementation of social prescription interventions for addressing the unmet needs of individuals living with chronic long-term conditions
Authors: Yadav Uday Narayan , Paudel Grish , Khatiwada Bhushan , Gurung Ashmita , Mistry Sabuj Kanti , Ghimire Saruna
Published: September 2023

Background
People with chronic conditions often struggle to access and navigate complex health and social services. Social prescription (SP) interventions, a patient-centered approach, help individuals identify their holistic needs and increase access to non-clinical resources, thus leading to improved health and well-being. This review explores existing SP interventions for people with chronic conditions and identifies the opportunities and challenges of implementing them in primary healthcare (PHC) settings.
Methods
This rapid review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and involved searching for relevant articles in three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science) by using subject headings and keywords combined with Boolean operators. This search encompassed articles published between January 2010 and June 2023 in selected databases. Two authors independently conducted data screening and abstraction using predefined criteria, and a narrative synthesis was performed to summarise the literature.
Results
Fifteen studies were included, with all but one conducted in the United Kingdom, and revealed that social prescribers help guide patients with chronic diseases to various local initiatives related to health and social needs. Effective implementation of SP interventions relies on building strong relationships between social prescribers and patients, characterised by trust, empathy, and clear communication. A holistic approach to support, digital technology utilisation, competent social prescribers, collaborative healthcare partnerships, clinical leadership, and access to local resources are all vital components of successful SP intervention. On the other hand, the implementation of SP interventions faces numerous challenges, including accessibility and utilisation barriers, communication gaps, staffing issues, an unsupportive work environment, inadequate training, lack of awareness, time management struggles, coordination and collaboration difficulties, and resource constraints.
Conclusion
The present review emphasises the importance of addressing the holistic needs of people with chronic conditions through collaboration and coordination, training of social prescribers, community connections, availability of local resources, and primary care leadership to ensure successful interventions, ultimately leading to improved patient health and well-being outcomes. This study calls for the need to develop or utilise appropriate tools that can capture people's holistic needs, as well as an implementation framework to guide future contextual SP interventions.
Efficiency Enhancement Strategies for Water-Source Thermoelectric Heat Pump Modules
Authors: Zhu Wei , Chen Dong , Shi Jianwei , Zhang Jingshuang , Xu Zhinan , Li Cheng
Published: September 2023

Thermoelectric heat pump is a feasible solution for developing refrigerant-free technology, but most studies tend to focus more on cooling capacity. In this paper, a finite element model of the water-source thermoelectric heat pump module is established. By comparing the changes of the coefficient of performance (COPh) of the thermoelectric heat pump module under different pipe diameters(d), currents(I), temperatures(T), and temperature differences(∆T), the main parameters affecting the performance of the thermoelectric heat pump module are explored. Results show that: within the range of 20°C to 45°C, the influence of water temperature on COPh is relatively small under the same temperature difference; the heat output is not affected by the ∆T when I=7.17A, and the ∆T shows different trends in the left and right intervals: under the condition of large ∆T between the hot and cold ends of the module, there is an optimal working current, which increases with the increase of ∆T.Research has shown that I and ∆T are the main parameters affecting module performance. Under extreme operating conditions, using a specific value of current can simultaneously increase heating power and heating performance coefficient.
On generalized core invertibility in Banach algebras
Authors: Chen Huanyin , Sheibani Marjan
Published: September 2023

We introduce a new generalized inverse, called generalized core inverse in a Banach *-algebra. This new inverse is an extension of weak core inverse defined for complex square matrix and bounded linear operators over Hilbert spaces. We present various characterizations of this new inverse. The relationship between the generalized core inverse and other generalized inverses is investigated. Finally, we consider the necessary and sufficient conditions under which generalized core inverse and generalized core-EP inverse coincide with each other in a Banach *-algebra.
Enhancing Touch Sensibility with Sensory Electrical Stimulation and Sensory Retraining
Authors: Ortega Eduardo Villar , Buetler Karin A. , Aksoz Efe Anil , Marchal-Crespo Laura
Published: September 2023

A large proportion of stroke survivors suffer from sensory loss, negatively impacting their independence, quality of life, and neurorehabilitation prognosis. Despite the high prevalence of somatosensory impairments, somatosensory interventions such as sensory electrical stimulation (SES) are not the standard of care, probably due to their unclear influence on neurorehabilitation.
We aimed to study the effectiveness of SES combined with a sensory discrimination task in a well-controlled virtual environment. We employed electroencephalography (EEG) to gain a better understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms and dynamics associated with sensory training and SES. We conducted a single-session experiment with twenty-six healthy participants who explored a set of three visually identical virtual textures—haptically rendered by a robotic device and that differed in their spatial period— while physically guided by the robot to identify the odd texture. The experiment consisted of three phases: pre-intervention, intervention, and post-intervention. Half the participants received subthreshold whole-hand SES during the intervention, while the other half received sham stimulation. We evaluated changes in task performance —assessed by the probability of correct responses— before and after intervention and between groups. We also evaluated differences in the exploration behavior, e.g., scanning speed. EEG was employed to examine the effects of the intervention on brain activity, particularly in the alpha frequency band (8-13 Hz) associated with sensory processing.
We found that participants in the SES group improved their task performance after intervention and their scanning speed during and after intervention, while the sham group did not improve their task performance. However, the differences in task performance improvements between groups only approached significance. Furthermore, we found that alpha power was sensitive to the effects of SES; participants in the stimulation group exhibited enhanced brain signals associated with improved touch sensitivity likely due to the effects of SES on the central nervous system, while the increase in alpha power for the sham group was less pronounced.
Our findings suggest that SES enhances texture discrimination after training and has a positive effect on sensory-related brain areas. Further research involving brain-injured patients is needed to confirm the potential benefit of our solution in neurorehabilitation.
Experimental Evidence on Negative Impact of Generative AI on Scientific Learning Outcomes
Authors: Ju Qirui
Published: September 2023

In this study, I explored the impact of Generative AI on learning efficacy in academic reading materials using experimental methods. College-educated participants engaged in three cycles of reading and writing tasks. After each cycle, they responded to comprehension questions related to the material. After adjusting for background knowledge and demographic factors, complete reliance on AI for writing tasks led to a 25.1% reduction in accuracy. In contrast, AI-assisted reading resulted in a 12% decline. Interestingly, using AI for summarization significantly improved both quality and output. Accuracy exhibited notable variance in the AI-assisted section. Further analysis revealed that individuals with a robust background in the reading topic and superior reading/writing skills benefitted the most. I conclude the research by discussing educational policy implications, emphasizing the need for educators to warn students about the dangers of over-dependence on AI and provide guidance on its optimal use in educational settings.
Research on urban waterlogging risk prediction based on the coupling of the BP neural network and SWMM model
Authors: Zhang Jinping , Li Xuechun , Zhang Haorui
Published: September 2023

Scientific and effective urban waterlogging risk prediction can help improve urban waterlogging disaster prevention capabilities. Combining the numerical simulation model with the data-driven model, the construction of the urban waterlogging risk predictive model can satisfy the prediction accuracy and improve the prediction timeliness. Thus, this paper established an urban waterlogging risk predictive model based on the coupling of the BP neural network and SWMM model, and set five input patterns, finally selected the accumulative precipitation process and precipitation characteristics as input to predict the regional waterlogging risks under different urban rainstorm scenarios. The results show that the overall performance of the pipe drainage system in the study area is lower, and it cannot resist the rainstorm with a higher return period. Moreover, the total waterlogging risk of the southern old city is higher than that of the northern new city in the study area. The calculation speed of the prediction model constructed in this paper is thousands of times higher than that of the numerical model, so the calculation speed is very fast, which meets the requirements of the forecast timeliness.
Perception and impact of micropollutants in urine-based liquid fertilizer on crop production: A comprehensive review of Eco-sanitation practices
Authors: Barnett Alfred Ndorwu
Published: September 2023

Large-scale sustainable agriculture presents a formidable challenge globally, resulting in severe food insecurity for approximately 52% and 48% of people living in rural and urban areas, respectively. An estimated 690 million individuals suffer from hunger annually due to the high cost of chemical fertilizers and other factors. To reduce costs, source-separated urine offers a promising alternative for crop production, despite containing more nitrogen and phosphorus than traditional fertilizers. However, human urine also contains pharmaceuticals and micropollutants with adverse effects on human health and the environment. Human urine provides essential micronutrients for plant growth, with studies showing similar nutrient concentrations between concentrated urine and mineral fertilizers. Nevertheless, the presence of heavy metals and other contaminants in urine raises safety concerns. While urine diversion toilets can safely collect urine, their use as a liquid fertilizer requires careful consideration due to the presence of disease-causing organisms, pharmaceuticals, and metabolites that contribute to water and soil contamination. Consumers and farmers alike worry about the safety of crops fertilized with urine, given the perception of disease-causing pathogens. This review explores the impact of urine and chemical fertilizers on plant yield as well as the effects of heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics on human health and the environment. Various methods to remove antibiotics from urine, such as membrane bioreactors combined with complex chemicals and physicochemical processes, were also examined. These methods, including activated powdered carbon, nano-filtration, ozone, and ozone/UV, target specific antibiotics and their metabolites to ensure the safety of urine-derived fertilizers.
ROLE OF PHARMA DIGITALIZATION IN HEALTHCARE DEVELOPMENTS
Authors: KUMAR SANKET , CHOUDHARY DEEPAK
Published: September 2023

Healthcare development is a revolutionary sector where digital technologies drive success, with exponential growth seen in a computing system involving advancements in medical devices. Due to social distancing norms, widespread lockdowns, and an emphasis on individualized healthcare, the Covid-19 pandemic has inevitably increased the usage of digital technologies. “Digital” has become the most essential part of day-to-day existence, and all sectors are adapting more swiftly to the digital world. The healthcare system is more complicated, as its culture and structure are not ready to accept innovation, since development in healthcare involves decision on a person’s life or death. The use of digital health tools has the potential to significantly improve individual patient care by enhancing the accuracy diagnosis and treatment of diseases. For the clinical adoption of any digital healthcare technology, evidence is required first, and their effects must be assessed before integrating them into healthcare systems such as Electronic Health Records (EHRs). The broad definition of digital health encompasses fields like wearable technology, telehealth and telemedicine, personalized medicine, the Internet of Things (Internet of things (IoT)), virtual reality (VR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and mobile health (mHealth). Pharmaceutical digitalization is still in a testing phase regarding offering advanced administrations beyond conventional products. In this paper, digitalization from the perspective of diverse case studies was carried out to collect data from several companies, and a literature study was conducted to complement the data on healthcare development. The digitalization of health care is a game changer for developing health care.
CULTURE-DEPENDENT APPROACHES AMONG THE CARIES PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM THE CARIOUS DENTINE AND THEIR EMERGING DRUG RESISTANCE
Authors: LOHIYA RUCHITA S. , INDUGU NAGA NIMISHA , DEOTALE VIJAYSHRI
Published: September 2023

Objective: To evaluate the commonest caries pathogens from different type of caries andto screen for the emergence of drug resistance among the caries causing pathogenic bacteria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Microbiology. Sample Size was 44 and samples from carious dentine which was immediately transported to the microbiology laboratory. Samples were processed microbiologically to isolate the caries pathogens. Identification of strains were done by standard biochemical characterization studies. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity test. The results were recorded and analyzed for drug resistance.

Results: Out of 44 patients, 40 aerobic bacteria, 2 anaerobic bacteria and 2 fungi were isolated. Out of the 40 aerobic bacteria, the most common isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by Pseudomonas spp. and Streptococcus viridians. Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Linezolid showed excellent activity against Gram-positive Bacteria. The most frequently involved teeth of dental caries were mandibular 1st molar (54.54%) followed by Mandibular 2nd molar (13.63%).

Conclusion: In our study we found that Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas sp., Streptococcus viridians were the most frequent organisms encountered. The study implicates the need for time to time antimicrobial susceptibility examination of the dental caries pathogens that will help to prevent the emergence of resistance property among the dentinal pathogenic organisms.
ELUCIDATION OF THE BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN GENETIC BASIS OF LOW INCIDENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO RAICA COMMUNITY OF RAJASTHAN
Authors: JAIN MILI , VYAS RAJ KUMAR
Published: September 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the genotypic variables linked to lower type-2 diabetes prevalence in the raica population in Rajasthan, India.

Methods: 150 participants from outside the Raica community and 114 participants from it were recruited for this study for ARNT gene and 112 from Raica and 86 from non-Raica for GLUT4 gene. Their age and sex, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and laboratory results for fasting blood glucose were all taken into account. RFLP was used for genetic study.

Results: In this study, 114 participants from Raica community and 150 from non-Raica community were recruited. There were 40 females and 74 males in Raica group and 52 females and 98 males in non-Raica group for ARNT gene. For GLUT4 gene, 112 participants were recruited from Raica and 86 participants from non-Raica community. Raica community showed lower number of participants with fasting glucose>126 mg/dl, BMI>23. Allelic distribution of ARNT and GLUT4 was also lower among Raica.

Conclusion: The examined genetic variation is equally prevalent in Raica and non-Raica individuals, diabetes circumstances included.
A CLINICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED POPLITEAL NERVE BLOCK WITH 0.5% BUPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE WITH AND WITHOUT 8MG DEXAMETHASONE FOR KNEE SURGERIES
Authors: KALAPALA RAMESH , BANDRAPALLI EMEEMA , NEERAJA MALAPOLU , ANAND
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed to see how adding dexamethasone 8 mg to 0.5% bupivacaine affected the length of sensory and motor blockage of the popliteal sciatic nerve in ankle and foot surgeries.

Methods: This prospective randomized clinical comparison trial enrolled 60 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status grades III and IV, aged 50-80 y, scheduled for ankle and foot procedures from March 2023 to July 2023. Patients were assigned into two groups of 30 at random. 28 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine and 8 mg dexamethasone were given to Group D. Group N was given 28 ml of o.5% bupivacaine and 2 ml of NS. Here, 20 ml was used for sciatic nerve block and 10 ml for saphenous nerve block.

Results: The mean onset of sensory block in group D was 23.2±6.8 min, while 21.7±6.9 min in group N (p 0.3999). This was not statistically significant. The onset of motor block was 22.9±7.9 in group D and 22.3±7.1 in group N, which were statistically insignificant (p 0.7581). The duration of the motor block in group D was 11.3±3.2 h, whereas it was 5.9±2.3 h in group N (p 0.0001), which was statistically significant. The length of the sensory block in group D was 14.9±3.8 h, while it was 8.3±3.4 h in group N (p 0.0001), which was also statistically significant. The VAS score in group N was significantly higher than in group D; it began 3 h after surgery and remained at 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, and 12 h. All 30 patients in Group N required their first rescue analgesia during the first 12 h postoperatively. In contrast, only 12 patients (40%) required their first analgesia within the first 12 h, and 18 (60%) requested their first analgesia within the second 12 h.

Conclusion: Adding 8 mg dexamethasone to 0.5% Bupivacaine hydrochloride in ultrasound-guided popliteal and saphenous nerve blocks for ankle and foot procedures extends postoperative sensory and motor block duration.
Aspectos inmunológicos de preeclampsia
Authors: Cérbulo-Vázquez Arturo , Anaya Herrera Jose , Flores-Cánovas Yolanda , Briones-Vega Carlos Gabriel , Zavala-Barrios Berenice , Carrillo-Esper Raúl , Díaz de León Ponce Manuel , Briones-Garduño Jesús Carlos
Published: September 2023

Preeclampsia is a pathology with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this disease, the placenta is an organ of shock where inflammation and the immune response generate the damage that results in the characteristic clinical scenario. The classic triad in preeclampsia is made up of hypertension, edema, and proteinuria, so it is thought that the endothelium must be affected by inflammatory-immunological activity. The immune system acts in the development of pregnancy and does so at different times and regulating physiologically. Both, cellular and humoral components of the innate and acquired response have been studied in patients with preeclampsia and it has been determined that their participation is decisive in the pathophysiology of this disease. The involvement of the immune system in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia reaches a high level of complexity since it interacts with other systems (coagulation, renal, cardiovascular and endocrinological among others) thus favoring the disease. For this reason, treatment must be comprehensive, with a holistic vision of the condition and requires a multidisciplinary team that acts harmoniously to achieve the greatest therapeutic success with the least frequency of sequelae for the mother-fetus or mother-newborn dyads. During pregnancy, the so-called "immunological tolerance of pregnancy" develops, in this state of immunological tolerance the B and T cells can recognize specific antigens (for example, the paternal ones) and later activate and generate the immune response, which is why preeclampsia could being considered an autoimmune pathology, where the loss of immunological tolerance would be the cornerstone of pathophysiology, knowing how to limit or regulate this abnormal cell activation could help to propose new therapeutic approaches and thus control this disease.
Obstrucción intestinal secundario a vólvulo de sigmoides en un paciente joven. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Aguilar Jaramillo Andrés Manuel , Bautista de la Cruz Ricardo , Bautista Sánchez José Antonio , Cruz Benítez Luis , Nazario Cruz Daniel , Ayala Dávila Dafne Thamara
Published: September 2023

Sigmoid volvulus occurs due to a torsion of the colonic mes¬enteric axis, it has a multifactorial and controversial etiology, and its pathophysiology is not yet clear. Presenting a clinical picture of non-specific onset and later signs and symptoms of intestinal occlusion, its diagnosis is established with computed tomography with a sensitivity and specificity greater than 90%. Management will depend on the clinical condition of the patient.
Clinical case: A 29-year-old man with a history of Asperger syndrome. He referred 7 days prior to admission with dif¬fuse cramping pain, associated with abdominal distension and oral intolerance. He went to the hospital for evaluation where a computed tomography was performed with air-fluid levels, torsion of the inferior mesenteric artery with a whirl¬wind appearance. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, finding a dilated and volvulated sigmoid with perforation at the rectosigmoid junction. A sigmoidectomy with colorectal anastomosis was performed. On the fifth day, he presented data of inflammatory response with acute abdomen, enter¬ing exploratory laparotomy finding anastomosis dehiscence, Hartmann procedure was performed. The patient presented septic shock, died 24 hours after surgery. Discussion: The presentation of sigmoid volvulus generally occurs in people older than 70 years, few cases are described in young people and are related to intestinal dysmotility dis¬ease, the patient did not have predisposing factors, the diag¬nosis is established with characteristic images of the disease such as whirlwind image, surgical management is decided by performing resection with colorectal anastomosis. Conclusion: Intestinal occlusion due to sigmoid volvulus is an infrequent pathology in young people and with non-specific symptoms. When faced with a patient presenting evidence of intestinal occlusion, this should be appropriately addressed, especially in patients who have debuted with insidious and persistent symptoms of abdominal pain secondary to intestinal occlusion, whether they are young with or without risk factors.Keywords: Sigmoid volvulus; whirlwind sign; abdominal pain; intestinal obstruction.
Haga su diagnóstico
Authors: Yáñez Camacho Juan Jesús , Trujeque-Matos Mariedel , Mendoza Ayala David
Published: September 2023

Male patient, 3 years old age, with abdominal pain, sudden, predominantly in right hypochondrium, distension abdominal, nausea, and bowel movements in "currant jelly
Use of Big Data in the Cloud Computing
Authors: Sanchita N Prof. Nawale , Ashwini V Prof. Vaje
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Cloud computing is a powerful technology to perform massive-scale and complex computing. It eliminates the need to maintain expensive computing hardware, dedicated space, and software. Massive growth in the scale of data or big data generated through cloud computing has been observed. Addressing big data is a challenging and time-demanding task that requires a large computational infrastructure to ensure successful data processing and analysis. The rise of big data in cloud computing is reviewed in this study. The definition, characteristics, and classification of big data along with some discussions on cloud computing are introduced. The relationship between big data and cloud computing, big data storage systems, and Hadoop technology are also discussed. Furthermore, research challenges are investigated, with focus on scalability, availability, data integrity, data transformation, data quality, data heterogeneity, privacy, legal and regulatory issues, and governance. Lastly, open research issues that require substantial research efforts are summarized. This paper introduces several big data processing techniques from system and application aspects here provide an organized picture of challenges that are focused by the application developers and DBMS designers in developing cum deployment of the internet scale applications. Then we see about the security issues in the cloud computing along with the big data and Hadoop. We show some possible solutions for the issues of the cloud computing and Hadoop.
Machine Learning Algorithms for COPD Patients Readmission Prediction
Authors: Goud P. Abhishek , Arathi Dr. M.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Patients' readmission might be seen as a crucial aspect in lowering costs while maintaining high-quality patient care. As a result, anticipating and reducing readmission rates for patients will considerably enhance healthcare delivery. The goal of this research is to use machine learning algorithms to predict readmission of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) patients. The major metrics for measuring models' prediction capability in each time frame were Area under Curve (AUC) and Accuracy (ACC). Then, the factors' relevance for each result was clearly recognized, and specified key variables were discriminated. With%91 ACC, our research had the best accuracy in predicting readmission
Antecedents of Motivation to Lead: Goal Orientation and Team Individualism
Authors:   Korean Academy of Leadership, Jeon Ji Hoon , Paik Yonjeong
Published: September 2023

Recently, a social trend termed “leadership phobia”, which refers to a phenomenon characterized by avoiding leadership roles, has received coverage in South Korea. This trend, indicating a decreased motivation to lead, calls for further studies on the antecedents of motivation to lead. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to identify individual- and team-level factors that influence motivation to lead and test their main effects as well as interaction effects. Specifically, we focus on individual goal orientation and team individualism. In this context, we distinguish between three different types of goal orientation: learning goal orientation, performance prove goal orientation, and performance avoid goal orientation.
We conducted a paper-and-pencil survey among 222 team members from 43 teams in a large company in South Korea and employed hierarchical linear modeling to test our hypotheses. Our findings revealed that both learning goal orientation and performance prove goal orientation positively influenced motivation to lead. Conversely, performance avoid goal orientation exhibited a negative association with motivation to lead. Interestingly, contrary to our initial prediction, team individualism did not demonstrate any significant main effect on motivation to lead.
Among the cross-level interaction effects between the three types of goal orientation and team individualism, we found that the interaction between performance prove goal orientation and team individualism was statistically significant, aligning with our expectations. Specifically, for team members with a high level of performance prove goal orientation, team individualism had a detrimental effect on motivation to lead. Conversely, for team members with a low level of performance prove goal orientation, team individualism had a positive effect on motivation to lead.
However, our hypothesis suggesting that learning goal orientation would amplify the negative impact of team individualism on motivation to lead was not supported. Surprisingly, learning goal orientation weakened the negative effect instead. On the other hand, the interaction between performance avoid goal orientation and team individualism did not yield any significant findings.
These results have important theoretical and practical implications, which are discussed further in this study.
The Relationship between Abusive Supervision, Work-Life Balance, Regulatory Focus and Customer Orientation
Authors:   Korean Academy of Leadership, Kim Tae-eun , Cho Yoon-hyung
Published: September 2023

Hundreds of studies have investigated the negative impact of abusive supervision over the last two decades. Many scholars have examined the relationship between abusive supervision and various result variables. Abusive supervision defined as subordinates' perception of the extent to which supervisors engage in the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors(Tepper, 2000, p.178). So many scholars need to further investigate this escalating phenomenon to develop interventions that can help managers, practitioners, and organizations at reducing or eliminating such destructive supervisory behaviors. This research to examined the relationship between abusive supervision and customer orientation based on the hospital context. More detailed we set the work life balance(WLB) mediating variable, clear explain of process of abusive supervision influence to customer orientation. Also we set the regulatory focus(prevent, promotion, Higgins, 1998) moderate variables reflected context. Based on the literature review, we build up the direct, mediate, moderate and moderated mediation hypothesis. Total 289 questionnaires are used for testing the hyphotheis, overcome the common method bias because of time lagged collections. The results are as follows. First, abusive supervision significantly decreased customer orientation and WLB. Second, WLB significantly increased customer orientation. Third, WLB mediate between abusive supervision and customer orientation. Fourth, regulatory focus(prevent, promotion) moderate between abusive supervision and WLB. More detailed, if high on prevention focus, abusive supervision and WLB of negative relationship are buffered. However if high on promotion focus, abusive supervision and WLB of negative relationship are boost up. Finally, moderated mediation(conditionally indirect effect) effect are supported which if high on promotion focus, that if high on promotion focus, WLB of mediation effect are greater than if low on promotion focus. Based on the results, Organization should prevent the supervisor’s abusive supervision for set the strong ethical norm, practices and regulations. Also should set the and freely using of WLB practices for customer orientation. Therefore, this study have theoretical and implemental contributions to explain of relationship between abusive supervision, customer orientation, WLB and regulatory focus.