bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implications of glacial deposit ages for the timing and rate of active crustal faulting in the central Cascade arc, Oregon, USA
Authors: Alexander Katherine A. , Amos Colin B. , Balco Greg , Amidon William H. , Clark Douglas H. , Meigs Andrew J. , Lesnau Reyne K.
Published: September 2022

New cosmogenic 3He chronologies and geologic mapping of faulted glacial drift provide new constraints for the slip rates of active faulting in the central Cascade arc, Oregon, USA. The White Branch and Dilman Meadows fault zones cut deposits created by three distinct glacial advances, which provide timing, kinematics, and rate constraints for fault motion. New cosmogenic 3He data from landforms comprising the youngest and most widespread deposits have ages between 19.4 +10.1/–6.2 ka and 21.3 ± 4.9 ka; therefore, they were deposited during the last glacial maximum (LGM). A second, older outwash surface reveals an age of 74.2 ± 3.8 ka, which suggests glaciation possibly associated with marine isotope stage (MIS) 5b. Dip-slip displacement across fault scarps expressed by lidar data reveal similar magnitudes of extensional deformation for LGM and older glacial deposits on the White Branch fault zone, which implies a lack of earthquake ruptures between the oldest and LGM advances. In contrast, scarp profiles along the Dilman Meadows fault zone reveal progressive cumulative slip for surfaces of increasing age. Taken together, our measurements provide the first constraints on the rate of extensional faulting derived from Quaternary geochronology along the White Branch and Dilman Meadows faults, which total 0.1–0.4 mm/yr since ca. 75 ka and 0.6 ± 0.04 mm/yr since the LGM, respectively. The White Branch fault zone accommodates predominately fault-normal extension, whereas right-oblique slip characterizes the Dilman Meadows fault zone. Active deformation across the central Cascade Range thus reflects the combined effects of ongoing crustal block rotation and arc magmatism.
Diet quality indices and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Esfandiar Zohreh , Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh , Mirmiran Parvin , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The aim of this study was to assess the prospective association between diet quality and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Research design and methods

Eligible adults (n=7268) were selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with an average follow-up of 6.6 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Dietary pattern scores were calculated for the Healthy Eating Index 2015, Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the development of T2D in relation to diet quality.

Results

This study was conducted on 3265 men and 4003 women aged 42.4±14.6 and 40.6±13.5 years, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, all three diet quality scores were not associated with risk of T2D. Among individual components of the examined dietary patterns, risk of T2D increased from quartiles 1 to 4 for sodium intake (HR (95% CI) 1.00, 0.97 (0.75 to 1.25), 1.17 (0.92 to 1.49), 1.28 (1.01 to 1.62), Ptrend<0.01) and decreased from quartiles 1 to 4 for red meat intake (HR (95% CI) 1.00, 0.91 (0.72 to 1.14), 0.75 (0.58 to 0.95), 0.85 (0.67 to 1.08), Ptrend<0.01).

Conclusion

This study emphasizes a potentially protective relationship of moderate red meat intake against development of T2D; also higher intake of sodium is related to risk of T2D.
The impact of financial incentives on HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women in Eswatini: Sitakhela Likusasa, a cluster randomised trial
Authors: Gorgens Marelize , Ketende Sosthenes , Longosz Andrew F , Mabuza Mbuso , Nkambule Muziwethu , Dlamini Tengetile , Sikwibele Kelvin , Tsododo Vimbai , Chipepera Tendai , Ndikandika Mxolisi Leroy , Heard Wendy , Maphalala Gugu , Dlamini Lindiwe , Wilson David , de Walque Damien , Mabuza Khanya
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Incentives conditional on school attendance or on remaining free of sexually transmitted infections have produced mixed results in reducing HIV incidence.

Methods

HIV-negative adolescent girls and young women aged 15–22%–50% of whom were out of school—were recruited from 293 clusters in Eswatini from urban (30%) and rural areas (70%).

Financial incentives conditional on education attendance were randomly allocated at the cluster level. All participants were further individually randomised into eligibility for a raffle incentive conditional on random selection into the raffle, on negative tests for syphilis andTrichomonas vaginalisand on being a raffle winner, creating four subarms in a 2×2 factorial design: no-intervention, raffle incentive, education incentive and raffle & education incentive. Randomisation was unblinded to participants.

Logistic regressions were used in intention-to-treat analysis of HIV incidence over 3 years to estimate the impact of incentives conditional on school attendance and raffle incentives conditional on remaining sexually transmitted infection free.

Results

The study recruited 4389 HIV-negative participants, who were distributed into four subarms: no intervention (n=1068), raffle incentive (n=1162), education incentive (n=1088) and raffle and education incentive (n=1071).

At endline, 272 participants from 3772 for whom endline data were collected, tested positive for HIV. HIV incidence among participants in education treatment arm was significantly lower than in the education control arm, 6.34% (119/1878) versus 8.08% (153/1894) (p=0.041); OR: 0.766 (0.598 to 0.981); adjusted OR (aOR): 0.754 (0.585 to 0.972). Compared with the no intervention subarm, HIV incidence in the raffle and education incentive subarm was significantly lower, 5.79% (54/878) versus 8.84% (80/905); OR: 0.634 (0.443 to 0.907); aOR: 0.622 (0.433 to 0.893), while it was not significantly lower in the raffle incentive subarm.

Conclusion

Financial incentives conditional on education participation significantly reduced HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women in Eswatini and appear to be a promising tool for prevention in high HIV prevalence settings.

Trial registration number

Western Institutional Review Board—protocol number 20 141 630.

Eswatini National Health Research Review Board—FWA00026661.

Pan African Clinical Trials Registry—PACTR201811609257043.
Impact of harm reduction care in HIV clinical settings on stigma and health outcomes for people with HIV who use drugs: study protocol for a mixed-methods, multisite, observational study
Authors: Kay Emma Sophia , Creasy Stephanie , Batey D Scott , Coulter Robert , Egan James E , Fisk Stuart , Friedman Mackey Reuel , Kinsky Suzanne , Krier Sarah , Noble Victor , Turan Bulent , Turan Janet M , Yu Lan , Hawk Mary
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Our previous pilot work suggests relational harm reduction strengthens relationships between people with HIV (PWH) who use drugs and their healthcare providers and improves HIV health outcomes. However, there is limited research examining ways that structural (eg, strategies like syringe service programmes) and/or relational (patient-provider relationship) harm reduction approaches in HIV clinical settings can mitigate experiences of stigma, affect patient-provider relationships and improve outcomes for PWH who use drugs. Our mixed methods, multisite, observational study aims to fill this knowledge gap and develop an intervention to operationalise harm reduction care for PWH who use drugs in HIV clinical settings.

Methods and analysis

Aim 1 will explore the relationship between healthcare providers’ stigmatising attitudes towards working with PWH who use drugs and providers’ acceptance and practice of structural and relational harm reduction through surveys (n=125) and interviews (n=20) with providers. Aim 2 will explore the interplay between patient-perceived harm reduction, intersectional stigma and clinical outcomes related to HIV, hepatitis C (if applicable) and substance use-related outcomes through surveys (n=500) and focus groups (k=6, total n=36) with PWH who use drugs. We will also psychometrically evaluate a 25-item scale we previously developed to assess relational harm reduction, the Patient Assessment of Provider Harm Reduction Scale. Aim 3 will use human-centred design approaches to develop and pretest an intervention to operationalise harm reduction care for PWH who use drugs in HIV clinical settings.

Ethics and dissemination

This study was approved via expedited review by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board (STUDY21090002). Study findings will be presented in peer-reviewed journals and public health conferences as well as shared with patient participants, community advisory boards and harm reduction organisations.

Trial registration number

NCT05404750.
IGHcytogenetic abnormalities can be detected in multiple myeloma by imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Hui Henry , Fuller Kathy A , Eresta Jaya Luna , Konishi Yusuke , Ng Teng Fong , Frodsham Richard , Speight Graham , Yamada Kazuhiro , Clarke Sarah E , Erber Wendy N
Published: September 2022

Aims

Cytogenetic abnormalities involving theIGHgene are seen in up to 55% of patients with multiple myeloma. Current testing is performed manually by fluorescencein situhybridisation (FISH) on purified plasma cells. We aimed to assess whether an automated imaging flow cytometric method that uses immunophenotypic cell identification, and does not require cell isolation, can identifyIGHabnormalities.

Methods

Aspirated bone marrow from 10 patients with multiple myeloma were studied. Plasma cells were identified by CD38 and CD138 coexpression and assessed with FISH probes for numerical or structural abnormalities ofIGH. Thousands of cells were acquired on an imaging flow cytometer and numerical data and digital images were analysed.

Results

Up to 30 000 cells were acquired andIGHchromosomal abnormalities were detected in 5 of the 10 marrow samples. FISH signal patterns seen included fusedIGHsignals forIGH/FGFR3andIGH/MYEOV, indicating t(4;14) and t(11;14), respectively. In addition, threeIGHsignals were identified, indicating trisomy 14 or translocation with an alternate chromosome. The lowest limit of detection of anIGHabnormality was in 0.05% of all cells.

Conclusions

This automated high-throughput immuno-flowFISH method was able to identify translocations and trisomy involving theIGHgene in plasma cells in multiple myeloma. Thousands of cells were analysed and without prior cell isolation. The inclusion of positive plasma cell identification based on immunophenotype led to a lowest detection level of 0.05% marrow cells. This imaging flow cytometric FISH method offers the prospect of increased precision of detection of critical genetic lesions involvingIGHand other chromosomal defects in multiple myeloma.
Clinical diversity and molecular mechanism of VPS35L-associated Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome
Authors: Otsuji Shiomi , Nishio Yosuke , Tsujita Maki , Rio Marlene , Huber Céline , Antón-Plágaro Carlos , Mizuno Seiji , Kawano Yoshihiko , Miyatake Satoko , Simon Marleen , van Binsbergen Ellen , van Jaarsveld Richard H , Matsumoto Naomichi , Cormier-Daire Valerie , J.Cullen Peter , Saitoh Shinji , Kato Kohji
Published: September 2022

Purpose

The Retriever subunitVPS35Lis the third responsible gene for Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome (RSS) afterWASHC5andCCDC22. To date, only one pair of siblings have been reported and their condition was significantly more severe than typical RSS. This study aimed to understand the clinical spectrum and underlying molecular mechanism in VPS35L-associated RSS.

Methods

We report three new patients with biallelicVPS35Lvariants. Biochemical and cellular analyses were performed to elucidate disease aetiology.

Results.

In addition to typical features of RSS, we confirmed hypercholesterolaemia, hypogammaglobulinaemia and intestinal lymphangiectasia as novel complications of VPS35L-associated RSS. The latter two complications as well as proteinuria have not been reported in patients withCCDC22andWASHC5variants. One patient showed a severe phenotype and the other two were milder. Cells established from patients with the milder phenotypes showed relatively higher VPS35L protein expression. Cellular analysis found VPS35L ablation decreased the cell surface level of lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 and low-density lipoprotein receptor, resulting in reduced low-density lipoprotein cellular uptake.

Conclusion

VPS35L-associated RSS is a distinct clinical entity with diverse phenotype and severity, with a possible molecular mechanism of hypercholesterolaemia. These findings provide new insight into the essential and distinctive role of Retriever in human development.
Investigation of seepage near the interface between an embankment dam and a concrete structure: monitoring and modelling of seasonal temperature trends
Authors: Yun Tana , Butler Karl E. , MacQuarrie Kerry T.B.
Published: September 2022

Seasonal subsurface temperature monitoring, which exploits the fact that increased seepage flow may locally alter the temperature distribution, is a useful approach for leakage monitoring and evaluation within embankment dams and their foundations. At the Mactaquac Generating Station, New Brunswick, Canada, spatial and temporal variations of temperature have been monitored and modelled at the steeply inclined interface between the compacted clay till core of the embankment dam and an abutting concrete diversion sluiceway. Over a 4-year period, two seasonally recurring anomalies at different depths were observed by fibre optic distributed temperature sensing in the concrete structure close to the interface. A 3D coupled flow and heat transport model was developed in FEFLOW to simulate temperature distribution within the dam resulting from seasonal variations in air and reservoir temperature. Leakage zones near the interface were simulated in the concrete and embankment. At a depth of 13 m below the crest, the significant lag time between temperature variations in the reservoir and dam core shows that the leakage responsible for an observed temperature anomaly must be limited to enhanced flow within the concrete. At much shallower depths, where seasonal reservoir and dam core temperatures fluctuate nearly in phase, seepage paths are more challenging to determine.
Mixture 2D Convolutions for 3D Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Wang Jianyong , Zhang Lei , Zhang Yi
Published: September 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in medical care applications. Although various two-dimensional (2D) and 3D neural network models have been applied to 3D medical image segmentation and achieved impressive results, a trade-off remains between efficiency and accuracy. To address this issue, a novel mixture convolutional network (MixConvNet) is proposed, in which traditional 2D/3D convolutional blocks are replaced with novel MixConv blocks. In the MixConv block, 3D convolution is decomposed into a mixture of 2D convolutions from different views. Therefore, the MixConv block fully utilizes the advantages of 2D convolution and maintains the learning ability of 3D convolution. It acts as 3D convolutions and thus can process volumetric input directly and learn intra-slice features, which are absent in the traditional 2D convolutional block. By contrast, the proposed MixConv block only contains 2D convolutions; hence, it has significantly fewer trainable parameters and less computation budget than a block containing 3D convolutions. Furthermore, the proposed MixConvNet is pre-trained with small input patches and fine-tuned with large input patches to improve segmentation performance further. In experiments on the Decathlon Heart dataset and Sliver07 dataset, the proposed MixConvNet outperformed the state-of-the-art methods such as UNet3D, VNet, and nnUnet.
Log-hyperconvexity index and Bergman kernel
Authors: Chen Bo-Yong , Zheng Zhiyuan
Published: September 2022

We obtain a quantitative estimate of Bergman distance when [Formula: see text] is a bounded domain with log-hyperconvexity index [Formula: see text], as well as the [Formula: see text]-integrability of the Bergman kernel [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text].
Convergence and finite sample approximations of entropic regularized Wasserstein distances in Gaussian and RKHS settings
Authors: Minh Hà Quang
Published: September 2022

This work studies the convergence and finite sample approximations of entropic regularized Wasserstein distances in the Hilbert space setting. Our first main result is that for Gaussian measures on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, convergence in the 2-Sinkhorn divergence is strictly weaker than convergence in the exact 2-Wasserstein distance. Specifically, a sequence of centered Gaussian measures converges in the 2-Sinkhorn divergence if the corresponding covariance operators converge in the Hilbert–Schmidt norm. This is in contrast to the previous known result that a sequence of centered Gaussian measures converges in the exact 2-Wasserstein distance if and only if the covariance operators converge in the trace class norm. In the reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) setting, the kernel Gaussian–Sinkhorn divergence, which is the Sinkhorn divergence between Gaussian measures defined on an RKHS, defines a semi-metric on the set of Borel probability measures on a Polish space, given a characteristic kernel on that space. With the Hilbert–Schmidt norm convergence, we obtain dimension-independent convergence rates for finite sample approximations of the kernel Gaussian–Sinkhorn divergence, of the same order as the Maximum Mean Discrepancy. These convergence rates apply in particular to Sinkhorn divergence between Gaussian measures on Euclidean and infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. The sample complexity for the 2-Wasserstein distance between Gaussian measures on Euclidean space, while dimension-dependent, is exponentially faster than the worst case scenario in the literature.
Achieving both large piezoelectric constant and low dielectric loss in BiScO3-PbTiO3–Bi(Mn2/3Sb1/3)O3high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Feng Yunyun , Yang Changhong , Guo Xiaoying , Sun Wei , Wang Wenxuan , Lin Xiujuan , Huang Shifeng
Published: September 2022

BiScO3–PbTiO3binary ceramics own both high Curie temperature and prominent piezoelectric properties, while the high dielectric loss needs to be reduced substantially for practical application especially at high temperatures. In this work, a ternary perovskite system of (1–[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text])BiScO3–[Formula: see text]PbTiO3–[Formula: see text]Bi([Formula: see text][Formula: see text])O3(BS–[Formula: see text]PT–[Formula: see text]BMS) with [Formula: see text] = 0.005, [Formula: see text] = 0.630–0.645 and [Formula: see text] = 0.015, [Formula: see text] = 0.625–0.640 was prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method. The phase structure, microstructure, dielectric/piezoelectric/ferroelectric properties were studied. Among BS–[Formula: see text]PT–[Formula: see text]BMS ceramic series, the BS–0.630PT–0.015BMS at morphotropic phase boundary possesses the reduced dielectric loss factor (tan[Formula: see text] = 1.20%) and increased mechanical quality factor ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text] = 84), and maintains a high Curie temperature ( [Formula: see text] = 410[Formula: see text]C) and excellent piezoelectric properties ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text] = 330 pC/N) simultaneously. Of particular importance, at elevated temperature of 200[Formula: see text]C, the value of tan[Formula: see text] is only increased to 1.59%. All these properties indicate that the BS–0.630PT–0.015BMS ceramic has great potential for application in high-temperature piezoelectric devices.
Deep Learning-Based Intra Mode Derivation for Versatile Video Coding
Authors: Zhu Linwei , Zhang Yun , Li Na , Jiang Gangyi , Kwong Sam
Published: September 2022

In intra coding,
Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO)
is performed to achieve the optimal intra mode from a pre-defined candidate list. The optimal intra mode is also required to be encoded and transmitted to the decoder side besides the residual signal, where lots of coding bits are consumed. To further improve the performance of intra coding in
Versatile Video Coding (VVC)
, an intelligent intra mode derivation method is proposed in this paper, termed as
Deep Learning based Intra Mode Derivation (DLIMD)
. In specific, the process of intra mode derivation is formulated as a multi-class classification task, which aims to skip the module of intra mode signaling for coding bits reduction. The architecture of DLIMD is developed to adapt to different quantization parameter settings and variable coding blocks including non-square ones, where only one single trained model is required. Different from the existing deep learning based classification problems, the hand-crafted features are also fed into intra mode derivation network besides the learned features from feature learning network. To compete with traditional methods, one additional binary flag is utilized in the video codec to indicate the selected scheme with RDO. Extensive experimental results reveal that the proposed method can achieve 2.28%, 1.74%, and 2.18% bit rate reduction on average for Y, U, and V components on the platform of VVC test model, which outperforms the state-of-the-art works.
Proximity Queries on Terrain Surface
Authors: Wei Victor Junqiu , Wong Raymond Chi-Wing , Long Cheng , Mount David , Samet Hanan
Published: September 2022

Due to the advance of the geo-spatial positioning and the computer graphics technology, digital terrain data has become increasingly popular nowadays. Query processing on terrain data has attracted considerable attention from both the academic and the industry communities.

Proximity queries such as the shortest path/distance query,
k
nearest/farthest neighbor query, and top-
k
closest/farthest pairs query are fundamental and important queries in the context of the terrain surfaces, and they have a lot of applications in Geographical Information System, 3D object feature vector construction, and 3D object data mining. In this article, we first study the most fundamental type of query, namely, shortest distance and path query, which is to find the shortest distance and path between two points of interest on the surface of the terrain. As observed by existing studies, computing the exact shortest distance/path is very expensive. Some existing studies proposed
ϵ
-approximate distance and path oracles, where
ϵ
is a non-negative real-valued error parameter. However, the best-known algorithm has a large oracle construction time, a large oracle size, and a large query time. Motivated by this, we propose a novel
ϵ
-approximate distance and path oracle called the

S
pace
E
fficient distance and path oracle (SE),

which has a small oracle construction time, a small oracle size, and a small distance and path query time, thanks to its compactness of storing concise information about pairwise distances between any two points-of-interest. Then, we propose several algorithms for the
k
nearest/farthest neighbor and top-
k
closest/farthest pairs queries with the assistance of our distance and path oracle
SE
.

Our experimental results show that the oracle construction time, the oracle size, and the distance and path query time of
SE
are up to two, three, and five orders of magnitude faster than the best-known algorithm, respectively. Besides, our algorithms for other proximity queries including
k
nearest/farthest neighbor queries and top-
k
closest/farthest pairs queries significantly outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms by up to two orders of magnitude.
Lipid-independent activation of a muscle-specific PKCα splicing variant
Authors: Gao Chen , Gong Jianli , Cao Nancy , Wang Yibin , Steinberg Susan F.
Published: September 2022

PKCα is an important signaling molecule extensively studied in many cellular processes. However, no isoforms have been reported for PKCα except one prototypic isoform. Alternative mRNA splicing of Prkca gene was detected for the first time in rodent and human cardiac tissue, which can produce a previously unknown PKCα-novel exon (NE) isoform. The biochemistry and molecular effects of PKCα-NE are markedly different from PKCα wild type, suggesting potential functional diversity of PKCα signaling in muscle.
Design of AI System for National Fitness Sports Competition Action Based on Association Rules Algorithm
Authors: Xiang Jianmin , Tong Litao , Zhou Shengfa
Published: September 2022

In information system construction, online data migration is a very important link. At present, in different fields, people provide protection for online data migration through the way of project management to ensure the speed and efficiency of online migration. However, some problems may occur in the process of online data migration. In the development of contemporary sports, competitive sports, as the high-end stage of sports development, are constantly pursued by ordinary sports enthusiasts. Therefore, in the national fitness activities, how to combine the national fitness and competitive sports data to provide a more professional storage platform is a focus of research but also a problem to be solved in the process of online data migration. Because the data mining ID3 algorithm only supports querying and retrieving RowKey indexes, it does not support non-RowKey column indexing. Therefore, if you want to query non-RowKey indexes, the data mining ID3 algorithm will search the form in the overall scan, but the performance of this method is low. In order to improve the query speed of non-RowKey columns, this paper designs a secondary index function based on HBase. The sports competition action system can retrieve data from the secondary index of the query state, to avoid scanning the whole world and improve the search speed. In this paper, ID3 algorithm is used to combine national fitness and competitive sports data, which provides a guarantee for the migration of competitive sports data in the national fitness system.
Combined Safety and Coordination of Connected Automated Vehicles in Merging Area with Featuring Optimal Merging Positions
Authors: Liu Bo , Cen Yanqing , Yao Zhihong , Song Xianghui , Hongben Liu , Gao Huan
Published: September 2022

Freeway on-ramp merging area is deemed to be typical bottlenecks section, which leads to low traffic efficiency, congestions, and frequent accidents. Most existing studies on merging for the connected and automated vehicles focus on merging at a single fixed merging point. However, the problem of coordination between merging vehicle and arterial traffic flow in the acceleration lane is ignored in the existing studies. This study proposes a merging model, which combined safety and coordination of CAVs with featuring optimal merging positions. The proposed model has two stages: one is analysis of merging velocity of the insertable gap and the other one is determining constraint condition of cooperative merging. The outputs of first stage are interval of merging speed and the mergeable range. The outputs of second stage are optional insertable gap and the corresponding driving scheme. Then, a traffic simulation experiment is designed to evaluate the proposed model. The simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively guarantee driving safety and make the merging process smoother with 28.7% reduction in travel time for the CAV merging. Furthermore, the proposed model does not sacrifice the interests of surrounding traffic to assist in CAV merging. The results indicate the promising potential of using the proposed methods can approximately get a fair use of road resources for each CAV.
Curcumol Undermines SDF-1α/CXCR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway to Suppress the Progression of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis (CAG) and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ma Xuehui , Kong Lingjing , Zhu Wen , Wang Yongli , Zhang Zhengbo , Tian Yaozhou
Published: September 2022

CAG is the most common precancerous disease of gastric cancer, which belongs to a kind of chronic gastritis. CAG is in close association with gastric cancer, which makes itself a critical node clinically in cancer prevention and treatment. Curcumol is a main active monomer in Fuzheng Huowei decoction, which has the properties of antioxidant, antiviral, and antitumor. In this study, the expression of SDF-1α/CXCR4/NF-κB was detected by in vivo and in vitro methods. Then, we found that the expressions of NF-κB, SDF-1α, CXCR4, and p-NF-κB were decreased in the curcumol treatment group. Curcumol inhibited gastric cancer cells’ viability, migration, and invasion and induced their apoptosis. After adding the lentivirus overexpressing SDF-1α to the curcumol treatment group, it was found that SDF-1α, CXCR4, NF-κB, and p-NF-κB protein expressions were all increased, and the effect of curcumol on gastric cancer cells was reversed. In the nude mouse experiment, the tumor volume in the curcumol + SDF-1α group was the largest, and the tumor volume in the Fuzheng Huowei decoction + NC group was the smallest. In conclusion, curcumol effectively protects gastric tissue and inhibits the viability of gastric cancer cells, and curcumol regulates SDF-1α/CXCR4/NF-κB to play a therapeutic role in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.
Investigation of High‐Temperature Wear Behaviour of AA 2618‐Nano Si3N4 Composites Using Statistical Techniques
Authors: George Santhi M. , Gacem Amel , Kistan A. , Ashick R. Mohammed , Rao L. Malleswara , Rajput Vinod Singh , Nagabooshanam N. , Refat Moamen S. , Alsuhaibani Amnah Mohammed , Christopher David
Published: September 2022

The wear behaviour of hot pressed AA 2618 aluminium alloy matrix composites reinforced through nano Si3N4 elements (1 percent and 2 percent) has been investigated in this paper. Temperatures of 50°C, 150°C, and 250°C were used to examine the tribological characteristics of the models under a range of loads and pressures. The best wear performance was found in AA 2618/2wt percent Si3N4. Under a load of 30 N and temperature of 250°C, it was discovered that Si3N4‐enriched AA 2618 alloy was 35.7% more wear‐resistant than unreinforced AA 2618 alloy. Metal flow and plain delamination were the most common wear mechanisms at higher temperatures. Delamination is the most common wear mechanism at temperatures between 50 and 250 degrees Celsius. In the analysis of variance, the wear rate was influenced by temperature, load, and the presence of Si3N4 by 47.2%. In order to predict the wear rate, regression equations (linear and nonlinear) were developed by Taguchi method. Using a high determination coefficient, the nonlinear regression was the preeminent success rate (92.8 percent).
Factors Influencing Analysis for Level of Engineering English Education Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Zhu Mengqing
Published: September 2022

The essence of English for engineering is English for professional purposes (ESP). The assessment of the level of education in engineering English classrooms is one of the key issues currently being discussed in all schools. While the traditional English classroom teaching model has been criticized due to many problems, the changes in the new English curriculum and the changes in the assessment methods have also created new demands on the English teaching methods. The artificial intelligence technology brings a new direction for the optimization of English classroom, and it also provides new support for the realization of intelligent and collaborative English classroom teaching. In view of the current situation that the college English teaching evaluation mode is still dominated by summative evaluation, this paper summarizes the current problems of poor teaching effect, unbalanced ability cultivation, and mismatch between evaluation and teaching in engineering English. On this basis, it adopts the BPNN network combined with the interactive mechanism of English teaching to establish a multi-dimensional interactive English learning framework of teacher, student, corpus, and AI resource base. And the BPNN algorithm process was optimized using the gray wolf algorithm to improve the engineering English teaching model. Finally, an experiment on teaching engineering English was conducted within a university, and the experimental results showed that teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods, and teaching effects had important effects on teaching effectiveness. In addition, the teaching framework constructed using the improved BPNN algorithm was better in terms of the learning effect at the same time, especially in writing, during the teaching process. Finally, the experimental results show that BPNN optimized by gray wolf algorithm can achieve better teaching effect than BPNN.
Effects of Flow Coefficient on Turbine Aerodynamic Performance and Loss Characteristics
Authors: Yang Shaoyun , Du Wei , Luo Lei , Wang Songtao
Published: September 2022

The effects of flow coefficient on the gas flow and loss characteristics inside the high-pressure turbine is investigated using a numerical simulation. In this paper, the midspan of the first stator of the “Lisa” 1.5 stage high-pressure turbine is used as a prototype to obtain different flow coefficients by changing the stagger angle and the exit angle. The boundary conditions of all cases are consistent with the experimental data of “Lisa”. The results show that the flow coefficient is decreased from 0.478 to 0.374 as the stagger angle is varied from 44.2° to 56.2° and from 0.630 to 0.341 as the exit angle is varied from 63° to 75°. Large stagger angle or large exit angle both cause an increase in turbine aerodynamic losses. The similarity between the two is that both cause enhanced effect of transverse secondary flow in the passage. The difference is that with large stagger angle, the adverse pressure gradient affects a large area, resulting in large boundary layer losses; with large exit angle, the passage vortex is weakened but with a large influence area.
The Influence of Fenugreek Seed Powder Addition on the Nutritional, Antioxidant, and Sensorial Properties of Value-Added Noodles
Authors: Ahmad Zulfiqar , Ilyas Muhammad , Ameer Kashif , Khan Muhammad Asif , Waseem Muhammad , Shah Faiz-ul-Hassan , Mehmood Tahir , Rehman Muhammad Adil , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A.
Published: September 2022

The present study aimed at assessing the nutritional, antioxidant, and sensorial attributes of fenugreek seed powder (FSP) and supplemented functional noodles prepared by replacing wheat flour at 2–10% supplementation levels. Cooking losses of the value-added baked goods significantly (

p
<
0.05

) declined from 2.4–1.2%. The results for water solubility, foaming capacity, and bulk density suggested significant (

p
<
0.05

) increases from 8–10%, 77–87% and 0.51–0.70 g/mL, respectively, on replacing wheat flour with FSP in the value-added product. Dehydrated FSP addition caused significant (

p
<
0.05

) improvement in ash (0.90–1.54%), proteins (10.4–13.7%), and crude fibers (0.9–1.9%) contents of the noodles. Maximum supplementation of FSP in supplemented noodles significantly (

p
<
0.05

) improved the TPC, TFC, DPPH, and FRAP values from 111–310 mg GAE/100 g, 2.3–2.8 mg CE/g, 31–42%, and 215–460 umol/100 g, respectively. Sensory evaluation of supplemented noodles revealed the highest sensory acceptability of the value-added product at a 6% supplementation level. Conclusively, supplementing dehydrated FSP in the development of value-added foods could improve its functional features. It could also be considered as a plausible source of fibers and proteins, which might be helpful in mitigating malnutrition and a number of health maladies, such as cancer and diabetes.
Analysis of N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation Regulators in Diagnosis and Distinct Molecular Subtypes of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Zhong Cheng , Liang Jia-hua , Chen Zhen , Zhong Li-ping , Sun Guo-dong , Xie Wei-xing , Wang Dong-ping , Zhuang Wen-de , Guo Hao-hua , Jin Da-xiang , Li Yu-ming
Published: September 2022

The most frequent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA is N6-methyladenosine (m6A). However, what we know about the m6A regulators in Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is still limited. In our study, eight distinct m6A regulators were selected utilizing Differentially Expressed Gene (DEG) analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE73754 dataset for making comparisons between AS (Ankylosing spondylitis) and non-AS patients. The random forest model and the nomogram model were used to screen the eight candidate m6A regulators and evaluate their prediction accuracy for the occurrence of AS. Furthermore, based on the selected m6A regulators, the AS patients were divided into two subgroups, and we applied principal component analysis algorithms to calculate their m6A score and evaluate the m6A patterns. Our findings revealed that patients in cluster A were linked to activated CD4 T cell immunity and activated CD8 T cell immunity. With its major contributions in the area of immunology, our research in m6A patterns may benefit the future diagnosis and treatment strategies of AS.
Analysis of the Impact of Energy Factor Allocation Efficiency on Green Total Point Productivity from a Low-Carbon Perspective
Authors: Sun Jiegang
Published: September 2022

The high consumption of energy resources but low utilization, low factor allocation, and unreasonable economic structure affect the sustainability of economic development. Based on the energy factor theory from a low-carbon perspective, this paper constructs an impact model of green total point productivity and conducts a detailed analysis of the resource mismatch in the energy industry. Under the premise of efficient resource allocation, the factor input of an enterprise is positively correlated with total point productivity. Second, the model adds environmental constraints, considers the undesired output of carbon dioxide, and considers the input of energy factors, and reduces the undesired output as much as possible while increasing the expected output. The model realizes the update estimation of each component of the stationary part of a class of nonstationary stochastic processes and can use the information at a certain time and its previous time in a cycle to forecast all subsequent times. In the simulation process, in order to make the results more objective and accurate, this paper calculates the index and its decomposition results under two conditions, and uses MaxDEA 6.0 professional software to measure the regional industry total point productivity index. The experimental results show that the effective factor of low-carbon data is 0.91, and the relative error is less than 3.11%, which meets the test threshold and effectively improves the robustness of the model.
[Retracted] Role of Bioinformatics Analysis in Early Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Zhao Yuanyuan , Li Li , Xin Huadong
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the problem of early differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer, this paper proposes the role of bioinformatics analysis in early differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This method uses bioinformatics methods to mine the existing data in the tumor database and obtain tumor‐related molecules. It is an efficient method to obtain effective biomarkers, screen signal pathway molecules, and reveal the internal mechanism of tumor occurrence and development. Using this method can greatly improve the efficiency and reliability of screening diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment targets. The results showed that 5821 new lncRNA transcripts and 4611 new lncRNA genes were identified by lncScore from the assembled transcripts. 10 new lncRNA transcripts and 174 new lncRNA genes were found to be differentially expressed in ovarian cancer.
Variable Speed Control Analysis of Direct-Drive Wind Turbines Incorporating the Variable Gain Pitch Knowledge Identification Algorithm
Authors: Liu Jinpu , Nie Guanghui
Published: September 2022

For direct-drive wind turbines, effective methods can be adopted to reduce the generator speed fluctuation under the rated wind speed. However, there is a nonlinear relationship between the change of pitch angle of wind turbine and wind speed. In order to obtain the maximum power of the wind turbine, under the working condition of wind gust, this paper takes the principle of prior action of the pitch control and uses the variable gain pitch knowledge identification algorithm to achieve the effective control of the motor speed by designing the power pitch generator on the pitch controller to ensure that the pitch angle can be operated quickly under the rated power, and at the same time, the nonlinearities are added to the speed control process of the pitch angle generator. The gain factor of the pitch angle generator speed control process can ensure that the pitch control can work in advance under the wind gust environment. Finally, the simulation results show that the two gust control methods can achieve effective suppression of wind turbine generator in the case of overspeed, which can effectively increase the power generation of wind farms, reduce the load of wind turbines, and improve the operating stability of the system.
A Review on Potential Opportunities to Preheat the Batteries Using a Finned Solar Air Energizer to Enhance Power Quality and Thermal Management in Low-Temperature Surroundings
Authors: Dhal P. K. , Uma J. , Gaur Piyush , Prasad D. , Depoures Melvin Victor , Rajkumar A. , Ramesh M. , Patel Praveen Bhai , Birhanu Habtewolde Ababu
Published: September 2022

This research study’s objective is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the efforts that have been made to improve the power quality and thermal management of batteries that are operating at low temperatures. These improvements have been made by combining the utilization of conventional solar air energizer (SAE) ducts with the application of a variety of different configurations of longitudinal fins. These expanded surfaces can be found on the absorber or bottom plate surface, and they are placed in a variety of positions along the airflow channel. It does this by increasing the surface area of the typical SAH and making the flow more turbulent, both of which contribute to the improvement in performance. Several studies have been carried out to enhance the thermal efficiency of clear SAE ducts by making use of experimental fins. An effort has been made to establish the Nusselt number and the friction factor by making use of the correlations that the researchers have provided. This was performed so that the performance of various configurations of finned SAEs could be compared to one another.
5G Virtual Reality System for Prosthetic Wearer Gait Evaluation and Application in Intelligent Prosthesis Debugging
Authors: Yan Gongxing , Li Jialing , Xie Hui , Zhou Minggui
Published: September 2022

The main purpose of developing intelligent lower limb prostheses is to improve the quality of life of the disabled and promote the development of medical care. At the same time, the research of robotic intelligent lower limb prosthesis is a research direction that has been widely concerned in the field of robotics and biomedical engineering technology in recent years. This paper aims to research and discuss the 5G virtual reality system based on the gait evaluation of prosthetic wearers and its application in the debugging of intelligent prostheses. First, this paper analyzes the combination of the concept of lower extremity rehabilitation and virtual reality. Virtual reality technology is a means of exercise rehabilitation for patients with lower extremity hemiplegia, which plays an auxiliary role in the rehabilitation process. Then, the recognition and pre-method of human lower limb motion state are described. In the field of intelligent prosthetic state recognition, in addition to neural network recognition methods, there are hidden Markov (HMM) recognition methods, auxiliary vector machines (SVM), and so on. Finally, the lower limb state phase detection experiment and the prosthetic control experiment based on state phase detection are studied. The results of this experimental study showed that, for the same experimenter, changes in pace and gait did not affect the percentage of standing and swing phases. That is, the standing phase accounts for about 60% of the entire gait cycle, while the swing phase accounts for 40% of the entire gait cycle. This rule has been verified in other experiments.
Research on Real-Time Tracking Algorithm of E-Commerce Logistics Information Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Zhu Yanjie
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the problem of distrust of a large number of nodes under the overly centralized and centralized information transfer mode, a research method of real-time tracking algorithm of e-commerce logistics information based on blockchain technology is proposed. The application background of blockchain technology in real-time tracking algorithm of e-commerce logistics information is firstly described. Also, the blockchain technology, logistics information real-time tracking algorithm, cryptography technology, blockchain consensus algorithm, blockchain application scenarios, and other related technologies are analyzed in detail. Then, the blockchain model of real-time tracking of e-commerce logistics information is established, and it is found that data will be stored on the chain only when more than 51% of the nodes in the distributed system confirm that the data are valid. Otherwise, the data on the chain cannot be affected. Finally, the model description and hypothesis of real-time tracking of e-commerce logistics information based on blockchain technology are verified to provide guarantee for improving real-time tracking of e-commerce logistics information.
Electroacupuncture Enhances Cognitive Deficits in a Rat Model of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation via Targeting MiR-132
Authors: Hao Li , Wu Yiming , Xie Jin , Chen Xinwang
Published: September 2022

Deprivation of rapid eye movement sleep (REMSD) reduces the potential for learning and memory. The neuronal foundation of cognitive performance is synapse plasticity. MicroRNA-132 (MiR-132) is an important microRNA related to cognitive and synapse plasticity. Acupuncture is effective at improving cognitive impairment caused by sleep deprivation. Furthermore, its underlying principle is still unclear. Herein, whether electroacupuncture (EA) helps alleviate cognitive impairment in REMSD by targeting miR-132 was assessed. A rat model of REMSD was constructed using the developing multiplatform water environment technique, as well as EA therapy in Baihui (GV20) and Dazhui (GV14) was performed for 15 minutes, once daily for 7 days. Agomir or antagomir of MiR-132 was injected into the hippocampal CA1 areas to assess the EA mechanism in rats with REMSD. Then, the learning and memory abilities were detected by behavioral tests; synapse structure was assessed by transmission electron microscope (TCM); and dendrites branches and length were examined by Golgi staining. MiR-132-3p was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). P250GAP, ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) expression levels in hippocampal tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. According to the research, EA therapy enhanced cognitive in REMSD rats, as evidenced by reduced escape latency; upregulated the performance of platform crossings and prolonged duration in the goal region; and improved spontaneous alternation. EA administration restored synaptic and dendritic structural damage in hippocampal neurons, enhanced miR-132 expression, and reduced p250GAP mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, EA boosted the protein level of Rac1 and Cdc42 associated with synaptic plasticity. MiR-132 agomir enhanced this effect, whereas miR-13 antagomir reversed this action. The current data demonstrate that EA at GV20 and GV14 attenuates cognitive impairment and modulates synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons via miR-132 in a sleep-deprived rat model.