bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Founder of "educational homes for brought children and hospitals for poor mothers"
Authors: Abashin Victor G , Tsvelev Yuri V.
Published: November 2021

I.I. Betskoy owe their appearance to the Orphanages in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The project for the construction of the Moscow Orphanage for 8000 children was drawn up by I.I. Betsky in 1763, planning a new educational institution for Russia, he set himself the main task - to save the children of low-income families and illegitimate children who "are born in extreme poverty, are abandoned by their parents and are betrayed to blind chance." In his note, signed on August 26, 1763, he asked the Empress to allocate a place in the center of Moscow, the so-called "Garnet Dvor", to build a house. By the hand of Catherine II, it is inscribed "Be according to this." The report by I.I. Betskoy consisted of 6 chapters: On the chiefs and servants of the orphanage; about babies accepted to the foster home; about a hospital for poor women in childbirth; about the amount required for this institution; about rewarding and punishment; on the privileges of an educational institution. "
Chi-square of Pseudorandom Number Generator of Normal Distribution in C++17
Authors: Tomášek Pavel , Tomášková Hana , Rak Jakub
Published: November 2021

High quality pseudorandom number generators were needed in many software solutions throughout the history of programming. Nowadays, these generators play an even more significant role in software development. Generally, these generators bring a certain level of coincidence in some algorithms which need it. This work focuses on the statistical evaluation of one of the representatives of the generators using Pearson's Chi-square goodness of fit test. The generator of pseudorandom numbers under test is the specific implementation in the modern standard of the programming language of C++ (the standard of C++17). Results presented in this paper inform whether the numbers generated by the selected generator follow the desired probability distribution (normal).
Education for Road Safety: What is the State of Affairs in Three Groups of Vulnerable Road Users in Spain?
Authors: Alonso Francisco , Esteban Cristina , Faus Mireia , A. Useche Sergio
Published: November 2021

RSE (Road Safety Education) is well recognized as a reliable predictor of future safety and health outcomes. However, most countries have been slow to develop it, which has contributed to the sensitivity of the situation, as traffic accidents continue to be a major concern for community health. This paper aims to describe and compare key variables related to the RSE among three critical segments of the population, using the data provided by: 477 high school students, 843 university students and 476 older adults. Differential coverage rates were found. Perceived quality, aroused interest and attributed utility for RSE interventions were also compared among groups, finding substantial differences among them in terms of these three aspects of the intervention. Although coverage of RSE-related programs has grown considerably during the last years, substantial difficulties are still evident.
Teaching Short - Circuit Calculation with Off - Nominal Turns Ratio Transformers
Authors: A. Castillo Allen , Galván Osuna M. Natalia , Barboza Tello Norma A. , J. Vega Alejandra
Published: November 2021

Teaching short-circuit analysis is conducted primarily through case studies; however, there are not many validated short-circuit studies available on the subject, especially when considering off-nominal turns ratio transformers. In order to improve the teaching of short-circuit analysis, a three phase short-circuit study in an industrial system according to ANSI/IEEE standards by means of Zmatrix method is presented; two case studies are considered: the industrial system with nominal and offnominal turns ratio transformers, in both cases the step by step solution is given in an explicit manner and the analytical results are validated through software simulation.
Diversity Discourse Analysis on Top Romanian Organizations
Authors: Irini Radu-Dan
Published: November 2021

Although the Anglo-American notion of diversity management is dominating most of the global corporate discussions, this concept still has ample room for improvement in the Eastern European context. Having this in mind, in the current study, the websites of the top 20 organizations located in Romania were content analysed in search of statements and definitions related to diversity, equality, or inclusion. The main findings suggest that there are notable differences between how the top Romanian organizations address different diversity dimensions together with how elaborate the diversity discourse is presented. Throughout the research in the Romanian context, 19 diversity dimensions were identified. The majority of the analysed organizations have at least one diversity statement on their official website, addressing a minimum of three diversity dimensions, however, in the case of seven organizations, there was no statement referring to diversity, equality, or inclusion.
Attitudes of Students from the Faculty of Education on the Potentially Gifted Preschool Children
Authors: Kadum Sandra , Kopas-Vukašinović Emina , Miljković Ana
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the results of a research aimed at examining attitudes of the students from the faculties involved in teaching (pedagogical faculties), future educators in preschool institutions, about the potential giftedness of preschool children and working with them. The research was conducted on a sample of 174 students, future preschool educators. It was implemented at the Faculty of Educational Sciences of Pula (Croatia) and at the Faculty of Education of Jagodina (Serbia). The results of the research confirm: that future educators are sufficiently and qualitatively educated to work with gifted children; that future educators would like to have gifted individuals in their preschool groups and would love to work with gifted children; that the relationship between gifted and other kindergarten children is harmonious and gifted children should not be separated into special kindergarten groups; gifted children are a valuable resource for the community, they do not have any difficulties in socialization and they do not waste time in a regular kindergarten, and they are not bored with such kindergarten.
Impact of E-commerce on Business Performance
Authors: Andonov Aleksandar , P. Dimitrov Georgi , Totev Vasil
Published: November 2021

E-commerce has emerged to be one of the most successful business models that have provided numerous benefits to businesses in the contemporary environment. This study focuses on assessing the impact of E-commerce on business performance. Some imperative impacts have been the international marketplace, no time constraints, better relationship building with customers, lesser fixed costs, and some more.
Self - Organizing Teams in Software Development – Myth or Reality
Authors: Zaimovic Tarik , Kozic Muharem , Efendić Amina , Džanić Amel
Published: November 2021

In an agile business environment, teamwork quality is underlining key element of successful projects and overall team performance. In the Scrum framework, self-managing team is a central element of success. Self-managing teams introduced a new concept of teams and emphasized the importance of individual member effort and the way it affects team performance. The focus of this paper is on teamwork quality in self-managing teams and the way it affects the overall team performance. Teamwork quality is defined by six subconstructs: communication, coordination, balance of member contributions, mutual support, effort, and cohesion, while team performance is defined with effectiveness and efficiency. A survey of 260 respondents from the IT sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina was conducted and in both tested models, our results have confirmed that the highest effect on team effectiveness comes from mutual support, with slightly different – but still significant, impact of team cohesion and effort.
Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Banking: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ghandour Ahmad
Published: November 2021

The primary aim of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to identify, assess and synthesize the extant evidence about the opportunities and challenges concerning the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the banking sector. From the SLR, it is evident that AI has several opportunities for the sector. There are many fin-tech start-ups that offer banking AI solutions, and banking regulators are fostering AI adoption through legislation and collaboration. Other opportunities include the following: personalized services, smart wallets, decision-making and problem-solving, customer satisfaction and loyalty, process automation (especially targeting repetitive tasks), transactional security and cybersecurity improvements, and promotion of digital financial inclusion. Nevertheless, the key banking industry stakeholders have to formulate appropriate strategies aimed at overcoming existing and prospect AI challenges. Among the AI challenges that should be prioritized we include the following: job loss and user acceptance concerns, privacy breaches, creativity and adaptability loss, restrictive implementation and operational requirements, digital divide, availability of vast quality data, AI-business strategy alignment, and loss of emotional “human touch”. However, existing studies are largely descriptive and based on secondary sources of data. This necessitates empirical studies to expand the existing body of knowledge regarding AI opportunities and challenges in the banking industry.
Efficiency of University Course during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vejačka Martin
Published: November 2021

The education in this field of electronic banking has to adapt to rapid progress in technologies used for provision of banking services. The paper aims to shortly present the course of Electronic Services in Banking and to measure and compare the efficiency of education in the course before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The efficiency of the educational process in the course was measured as learning gain by comparing pre-course and post-course tests' results using absolute gain, relative gain, and class average normalized gain during a period of five years. The education in the course was evaluated as effective in all observed cases. The additional surveys were conducted before and after the course completion detecting positive shifts in students’ knowledge and their adoption of electronic services in banking.
Behaviour of a Cylindrical Reinforced Carbon Fibre Shell Under Impact Load
Authors: L. Medvedskiy Aleksandr , I. Martirosov Mikhail , V. Khomchenko Anton , V. Dedova Darina
Published: November 2021

This work is devoted to numerical analysis of the behaviour of reinforced cylindrical shell made of a polymer composite material (PCM) under the action of an unsteady shock load, taking into account interlayer defects of elliptical shape, as well as evaluate the strength of composite package and the development of delaminations.
Critical Analysis of the Application of Fuzzy Logic in Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Y. Ghadi Mohammed , Sakka Fadi , Al Nakeeb Ahmed , al Shloul Tamara
Published: November 2021

This study describes the effectiveness of applying Fuzzy controller into the renewable energy storage system for better efficiency. Different small size power generators need to be initially started up in order to fulfil the demand of power at the rush hours. V2G (Vehicle to grid) technology is an interface of bidirectional electrical grid which allows electric vehicles to take energy from the mesh. The calculation for the power requirement of the battery is initiated for identifying the charging load. When it comes to power management for the electric vehicles (EVs), information technology plays a vital role for the V2G framework. The delivery of power request to the aggregate of EVs through the aggregator is done with the help of sending a signal from the RTO/ISO. The load is generated with the help of huge as well as continuously running units of power generation and gradable EVs. In V2G optimization, lowering the overall operational cost may be achieved by using wind power as well as using the grid.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Damascus Steel
Authors: Židzik Adrián , Mitaľová Zuzana , Botko František , Simkulet Vladimír , Botková Dominika , Mitaľ Dušan
Published: November 2021

This article deals with examination of the mechanical properties of Damascus steel. Damascus steel is steel used for blades or knives – similar to the past (Damascus steel was a type of steel used for blades in the Near East – made from wootz steel – imported from India). This steel is characterized by significant patterns. The aim of the present study is to point out the laborious method of Damascus production, and to compare the mechanical properties of the initial Damascus steel layers comparison with whole reference Damascus material steel itself.
Subword Recognition in Historical Arabic Documents using C-GRUs
Authors: Hassen Hanadi , Al-Madeed Somaya , Bouridane Ahmed
Published: November 2021

The recent years have witnessed an increased tendency to digitize historical manuscripts that not only ensures the preservation of these collections but also allows researchers and end-users’ direct access to these images. Recognition of Arabic handwriting is challenging due to the highly cursive nature of the script and other challenges associated with historical documents (degradation etc.). This paper presents an end-to-end system to recognize Arabic handwritten sub words in historical documents. More specifically, we introduce a hybrid CNN-GRU model where the shallow convolutional network learns robust feature representations while the GRU layers carry out the sequence modelling and generate the transcription of the text. The proposed system is evaluated on two different datasets, IBN SINA and VML-HD reporting recognition rates of 96.10% and 98.60% respectively. A comparison with existing techniques evaluated on the same datasets validates the effectiveness of our proposed model in characterizing Arabic subwords.
The Development of Mathematics and Soft Skills at the Graduate Level through Project- Based Learning in Times of COVID-19
Authors: Cardoso-Espinosa Edgar O. , Cortés-Ruiz Jésica A. , Zepeda-Hurtado Ma. Elena
Published: November 2021

The objective of the research was to analyse the development of mathematical competences and soft skills in graduate students through the implementation of the Project-Based Learning methodology in times of COVID-19. The type of study used was a quantitative methodology with a descriptive scope. The instrument used to obtain the information was a questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The main results were that the participants developed the mathematical competences of using mathematical terminology, formulating and estimating the quantitative model. The soft skills developed were time management, collaborative work, self-regulation and decision-making.
Technostress Analysis in Educational Institutions during the COVID-19 Confinement
Authors: Urbano O. Franco Arturo , Chanchí G. Gabriel Elías , Campo M. Wilmar Yesid
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced organizations to adapt their different processes to the dynamics of virtuality. Thus, in the specific case of the educational context, the remote presence methodology has been implemented with the support of the advantages provided by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Despite the fact that ICTs dynamise the different processes of organizations, it has been shown that they can affect the stress of company workers. This paper presents the development of a technostress analysis study applied to the educational context, taking as a case study an educational institution from Popayán-Colombia.
Numerical and Experimental Stress-Strain Analysis of a Rubber Carousel
Authors: Koščák Peter , Ambriško Ľubomír , Semrád Karol , Daniela Marasová, Jr. , Mitrík Vladimír
Published: November 2021

The effect of the impact load exerted by the baggage impacting light baggage carousels may be manifested as mechanical damage to the carousel as a result of the stress-strain processes. In order to describe the phenomena related to the baggage impact, it is important to monitor the tensile strength of rubber carousels of light conveyor belts intended for the conveyance of baggage at airports. The output of the article is monitoring the mechanical load of the carousel, the comparison of the results thereof with the outputs of the CAE analysis, as well as the determination of the optimal material model and the approximation thereof to the experimental model.
Dealing with High Talent Turnover through Talent Engagement Strategies: A Study of the Hotel Sector in Thailand
Authors: Kaewsaeng-on Rudsada , Branine Mohamed , Vundla Sinini , Tongsri Prachuab , Mehmood Saqib
Published: November 2021

The hotel sector faces high team member turnover, incredibly talented workers who can contribute to outstanding performance and levelling world-class standards. Hotels need strategies to engage their talent effectively to maintain competitiveness. This paper used qualitative research, of which (38) semi-structured interviews were accompanied by key informants at the management level and supplemented by documentation and observation. The research revealed that effective talent engagement is linked directly to the well-known theory of effective talent management. Thus, the national culture influences talent engagement strategies. Within Thai culture, managers act as ‘parents’ and build strong interpersonal relationships.
Social Responsibility: A Case Study of Women Coffee Growers in a Peripheral Region of Colombia
Authors: M. Andrade Juan , Díaz Yenny , Ramírez Elías
Published: November 2021

The objective of this article is to show the practices of social responsibility in women belonging to organizations that produce differentiated coffees in a peripheral region of Colombia. In this regard, a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional investigation was carried out, for which a model of its own was designed to characterize said practices from four dimensions: environment, society, values, transparency and government and labour matters. A questionnaire-type instrument with a Likert scale was applied to 430 women. Regarding the results, it was found that more than half of the women in the associations (58.7%) perceive actions related to management in the margin of social responsibility. Dimensions such as Values, Transparency and Governance (VTG), Environment (E) and Society (S), have a rating higher than 50%; however, the Labour Things (LT) dimension obtained the lowest percentage rating (47.6%).
Method of Enteral Insufficiency Syndrome Correction in Patients
with Generalized Peritonitis
Authors: Korymasov Evgeny A. , Ivanov Sergey A. , Kenarskaya Mariya , Khoroshilov Maxim U.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Mortality in generalized peritonitis (GP) reaches 30%, and with the development of multiple organ failure, the lethal outcome is observed in 80-90% of cases. Enteral insufficiency syndrome (EIS) plays a leading role in the progression of generalized peritonitis.
The aim of the study was to develop a differentiated approach of enteral insufficiency syndrome correction in patients with generalized peritonitis.
Material and methods. This research was a retrospective prospective study. The study included 50 patients with GP, who received treatment at the Surgery Department of the Samara Regional Clinical Hospital in the period from 2017 to 2019. Depending on the chosen treatment tactics, the patients were divided into two clinical groups. Group I included 29 patients, admitted in the period from 2017 to 2018, who had received the standard GP treatment. A long-term endogenous intoxication in patients of this group associated with the progressive enteric failure led to the repeated surgeries; at the same time, a high frequency of postoperative complications was preserved. The analysis of the results in patients of Group I necessitated development of the therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm aimed at early diagnostics and timely correction of EIS. Group II included 21 patients with GP, admitted in the period from 2018 to 2019, who was treated using the new algorithm.
Results. The objective criteria for the relief of EIS in GP in patients of the study groups were a decrease in the level of serum albumin and C-reactive protein, a significant decrease in the amount and qualitative change in the intestinal discharge via an intestinal tube, a decrease in the recovery time of the functions of the small intestine and start of defecation. On the 6th postoperative day, in patients of Group II there was no significant albumin level reduction in comparison with the 1st day of monitoring (28.310.77 g/l vs 37.334.69 g/l). Whereas in Group I the albumin level was significantly lower (19.30.51 g/l) than the same parameter in Group II, and in comparison with the 1st day of monitoring (19.30.51 g/l vs 39.56.05 g/l; р = 0.00001). On the 6th postoperative day, the C-reactive protein level differed significantly between the groups as well: Group I 104.7613.49 mg/l, Group II - 58.0029.05 mg/l, p = 0.003. The control of GP in patients of the Group I was reached after 4.52.5 repeated abdominal interventions, while in patients of Group II generalized peritonitis was arrested after 2.30.9 surgical interventions (p = 0.000171), which is 1.9 times less.
Conclusions. The proposed algorithm of EIS control is based on the individual approach to the treatment of patients with GP. The developed EIS rating scale allows determining not only the degree and dynamics of the pathological process, but also monitoring the effectiveness of treatment options applied in a particular patient.
Improvement of Medical Treatment Options of Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis of Low Extremities Associated with Phlegmasia Alba Dolens
Authors: Sukovatykh Boris , Sereditsky Aleksey Viktorovich , Azarov Andrey Mikhailovich , Muradyan Vadim Feliksovich , Sukovatykh Mikhail Borisovich , Lapinas Andrey Arkadievich
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to improve the conservative treatment options for proximal deep vein thrombosis of low extremities associated with phlegmasia alba dolens optimization of anticoagulant therapy and paravascular injection of the anti-inflammatory medical mixture in areas of the most intense inflammatory process.Materials and methods. The results of treatment of two statistically homogeneous groups of patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities associated with white phlegmasia were compared. In the first group (n = 30), standard conservative treatment was carried out using rivaroxaban as an anticoagulant; in the second group (n = 30), initial heparin therapy was first performed and, additionally, the following mixture was administered in the places of the greatest severity of inflammatory process under ultrasound control: dexamethasone 16 mg, heparin 5 thousand units, 0.25% novocaine solution 20.0 ml. During treatment the incidence of hemorrhagic syndrome was recorded. The results were assessed after one year according to the degree of deep vein lumen restoration and the severity of venous outflow impairment according to the Villalta scale. Results. In patients of both groups, every tenth patient developed some minor manifestations of hemorrhagic syndrome during treatment with rivaroxaban that was corrected by a decrease in the dose of anticoagulant.Complete restoration of the lumen of the veins occurred in 20.0%, patients of the first group and in 40.0%, patients of the second group; partial, in 63.3% and 56.7% of patients, respectively, minimal - in 16.7% and 3.3% of patients, respectively.In the first group, clinical disorders of venous outflow were absent in 20.0% of patients, a weak degree of severity was registered in 23.3%, an average - in 40.0%, and a strong one in 16.7% of patients, and in the second group, in 40 %, 26.7%, 30% and 3.3% of patients, respectively.Different minor hemorrhagic complications after Rivaroxaban intake occurred equally in both groups in each of ten patients. These complications were treated by the reduction of the anticoagulants dose.Complete restoration of the vein lumen occurred in the first group in 20.0%, and in the second group in 40.0% of patients, partial restoration, in 63.3% and 56.7% of patients, minimal - in 16.7% and 3.3% of patients respectively.In patients of the first group clinical venous congestion was absent in 20,0% of patients, mild congestion was manifested in 23,3% of patients, moderate - in 40,0% of patients, and severe was in 16,7% of cases. In the second group, the obtained data was 40%, 26,7%, 30%, and 3,3% of patients, respectively. Conclusion. Starting therapy with heparin and paravascular injection of anti-inflammatory mixture helps improve treatment outcomes.
Changes in Coxo-Vertebral Parameters in Scoliotic Deformity of the Spine
Authors: Polyakov Yuriy Yu. , Ptashnikov Dmitriy A. , Magomedov Shamil Sh. , Mytyga Pavel G.
Published: November 2021

Considering the pathology of the spine and hip joint, it is necessary to take into account their biomechanical relationships under axial loading. Scoliotic deformity leads to the development of compensatory misalignment and inclination of the pelvis, resulting in a functional shortening of one of the lower extremities, which, in turn, leads to the formation of degenerative changes in the hip joint. The development of degenerative changes in the hip joint depends on the degree of scoliotic deformity, taking into account changes in the sagittal and frontal balance. However, research studies state that scoliotic spinal deformity 40 did not cause a pronounced degenerative process in the hip joint area. In our review we studied and analyzed clinical and radiological data of patients operated on for 4 years at the spine surgery department of the National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. Vreden for scoliotic deformity 3-4 degrees. All patients underwent a teleroentgenogram of the spine with the capture of the upper third of the thigh in two projections. According to X-ray data, the angles of the lumbar lordosis, the inclination of the sacrum, the inclination of the pelvis, the deviation of the pelvis from the vertical, the angles of misalignment of the pelvis, the determination of the angle of inclination of the acetabulum in the vertical plane (Sharpe's angle)), sagittal and frontal balance were assessed. The presence of concomitant diseases of the hip joints was separately registered. To assess the correlation, Kendall's coefficients and Student's t-test were used. The study involved 60 patients (47 women and 13 men), aged on average 29.7. When evaluating the correlation, it was found that the Sharpe angle on the left (S) correlates with the Sharpe angle on the right (R), the Sharpe angle (R) correlates with hip dysplasia, where Lumbar lordosis (GLL) correlates with Sacral slope (SS), Sacral slope (SS) correlates with the pelvic incidence (PI). Pelvic deviation from the vertical (PT) correlates with PI, PI before surgery most strongly correlates with PI after surgery (for all values p 0.01). In addition, PI in patients with unilateral lesions of the hip joint is higher than in patients with bilateral lesions, which proves that there is no relationship between PI and GLL in this category of patients. According to the results of our study, changes in coxo-vertebral parameters did not change significantly in the pre and postoperative period, with the exception of lumbar lordosis and sagittal balance.
Bubbling Treatment Option in the Complex Therapy of Diabetic Foot Syndrome
Authors: Ostroushko Anton Petrovich , Andreev Alexander Alekseevich , Shmarin Alexander Alexandrovich , Novomlinsky Vladislav Valeryevich , Laptiyova Anastasia Yurievna , Glukhov Alexander Anatolievich
Published: November 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common and socially significant endocrine disease that leads to early disability and is the most common cause of mortality in patients after cancer and cardiovascular pathology. The cost of managing patients with diabetes can reach 30% of the country's health budget, 90% of which is spent on the treatment of its complications. Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is developed in 20-80% of patients and is one of the most dangerous late complications. In clinical practice, various approaches to its treatment are used, but the number of high amputation and mortality rate in this group of patients remains significant. The aim of the study was to improve the results of treatment of patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) by including the bubbling treatment method in the program of therapeutic measures. Forty-eight patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of DFS were treated. The control group consisted of 23 patients receiving conventional treatment, the main group included 26 patients, who were applied bubbling treatment option locally. The analysis of groups of patients showed no significant differences by gender, age, stages of diabetic foot syndrome, depth of necrotic defect, complications and concomitant diseases. The use of the bubbling treatment method in the complex treatment of patients with DFS allowed more effectively arresting symptoms of local (edema, hyperemia, wound exudate, necrolysis) and general inflammation, anemia and intoxication syndromes, contributed to the activation of regeneration processes in soft tissues, which, combined with complex FDS treatment, together, reduced the number of amputations by 18.7%.
Transpleural Сontralateral Occlusion of the Left Main Bronchus Stump
in a Patient with Bronchopleural Fistula and Chronic Pleural Empyema
Authors: Lednev Alexey Nikolaevich , Pechetov Alexey Aleksandrovich , Karchakov Sergey Sergeevich , Makov Maksim Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2021

Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a pathological communication between the bronchial tree and the pleural cavity, the most common complication of anatomical lung resection.BPF rarely closes spontaneously and almost always requires surgical or bronchoscopic interventions.The main methods of treatment are sanitation of the pleural cavity with the development of empyema and re-occlusion of the bronchial stump. The development of this complication in the postoperative period is accompanied by an increase in hospitalization time, a high risk of chronic pleural empyema, exacerbation of chronic diseases and death. The mortality rate ranges from 18 to 67%. Most often, BPF is manifested after removal of the right lung (8-13%), compared with the left side (1-5%), which is due to the anatomical features of the main bronchus.The presented clinical case describes a non-standard surgical approach in the treatment of bronchopleural fistula and chronic empyema of the residual pleural cavity in a young patient.
Post-Resection Biliar Complications
Authors: Botiraliev Aziz Shukurzhonovich , Stepanova Yulia Alexandrovna , Vishnevsky Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Zhao Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: November 2021

As a result of the analysis of modern Russian and foreign literature, it was found that in the structure of postoperative complications after liver resections, biliary complications are the leading ones today. The main risk factors for the development of biliary complications and predictors of prognosis were determined at the different stages (preoperative, during the operation and postoperative period). The necessity to apply a complex of instrumental investigation methods in the postoperative period for early detection of bile leakage, clarification of its causes and forms of manifestation is determined; their importance for choosing a method of elimination is emphasized. The ways of improving the results of liver resections due to the prevention and effective elimination of bile leakage are outlined.Possibilities of prognosis of biliar complications after liver resections were analyzed. The available assessment systems can be considered uninformative, which demands development and implementation of more modern and more effective programs for predicting biliary complications after liver resections.
Assessment of hygiene status of poultry slaughtering facilities and meat handling practices of butchers by using a hygiene assessment tool
Authors: Tagar Sadaf , Ahmed Naveed
Published: November 2021

In the present study, hygiene conditions and meat handling practices of poultry butchers are assessed by using a hygiene assessment tool. The study was conducted in the Hyderabad and Jamshoro districts of Pakistan from April 2019 to February 2020. A total of fifty slaughtering facilities were selected based on convenient sampling techniques and butchers from those shops were interviewed by using a hygienic assessment tool. Moreover, socio-demographic details of butchers were also recorded by questionnaire survey. The hygiene assessment tool comprises three domains, personal hygiene index (PHI), meat hygiene index (MHI) and slaughtering facility hygiene index (SFHI). Each of the indexes consists of certain observations and each of the positive observations was scored one, while negative observation was scored zero. It has been revealed from this study that more than 50% of butchers were without any education and none of the butchers had received any formal training in slaughtering and meat handling practices. Basic prerequisites of hygiene such as handwashing facilities and clean water were missing in all of the slaughtering facilities. More than 30 and 50 percent of butchers scored the least (between zero – one) in PHI MHI and SFHI. However, the total score of butchers with a higher level of education was greater (p < 0.05) than with a lower education level. To improve hygiene levels and reduce transmission of diseases due to the consumption of contaminated meat, regular surveillance of the poultry shops and formal training of butchers are necessary.
Measuring the levels of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd via the polarography method in fermentative pickled cucumbers purchased from Tehran market, Iran
Authors: Jannat Behrooz , Mirshamsi Sara , Sadeghi Naficeh , Oveisi Mohammad Reza , Hajimahmoodi Mannan
Published: November 2021

Pickled cucumber is frequently consumed by Iranians. According to the production process, there are two forms of pickled cucumber including industrial and fermentative. There is not an appropriate monitoring system available for the production of the latter form; therefore, high levels of heavy metals might be present in this type of pickled cucumber. Accordingly, so the levels of cadmium, zinc, lead and copper were measured in fermentative pickled cucumbers obtained from the Tehran market via the polarographic method. Polarography is a subclass of voltammetry where the working electrode is a dropping mercury electrode (DME) or a static mercury drop electrode (SMDE), which are useful for their wide cathodic ranges and renewable surfaces. Fifty different samples of pickled cucumbers were purchased from the market. Of each sample, dry ashes were produced. Measurement was repeated three times and the acquired data was then analyzed. The mean levels of zinc and copper in the evaluated samples were significantly lower than the standard limits respectively presented by the EOS and Codex (P value<0.001) while the mean level of cadmium and lead was slightly higher than the standard limit established by Codex with no significant differences observed (P values=0.450 and 0.246, respectively).
Evaluation of food safety and health risk factors in food service establishments; a case study in Qom province, Iran
Authors: Ghafuri Yadollah , Atafar Zahra , Jahed Khaniki Gholamreza
Published: November 2021

Foodborne diseases still occur and affect 30 % of people in the world annually. Existing data related to the status of food safety and health indicators of food services facilities in Qom province indicate that a low percentage of these centers have the necessary criteria in the principles of food safety. According to the factors affecting the promotion of food health and safety indicators, this study was conducted to identify and investigate the factors affecting the risk of food safety in food supply centers in Qom in 2018. In this cross-sectional study, the required data were obtained through validated questionnaires about food safety and environmental health of food services facilities (n=380). Also, the effectiveness of variables such as training on food safety principles through designing before and after study, educational certification, having trading licenses, ownership, urban health status and the age of operators, have been assessed by food safety factors based on relevant tests. The results showed that the training of food handlers in improving and upgrading food safety conditions has had a significant increase. (49 %, mean 5.44 %, SD 3.20 ±, p < 0.001) Also variables such as education level (p < 0.05) and educational certification (p < 0.001) have been effective in increasing food safety and health standards. In order to improve the level of food safety, reviewing the process of educational programs, strengthening educational equipment and media and inter-sectorial coordination to strengthen the role of education should be planned. The food holders, managers of the food establishment and local health experts should enhance the food safety practice.
Awareness and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Adultsin Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Joseph Fasoranti Afolabi
Published: November 2021

Background: COVID-19 has increased drastically all over the world and one of the major ways to reduce its prevalence is through COVID-19 vaccine. However, some individuals hesitate in accepting the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine which is a major cause of concern to the global health.
Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on450 respondents were selected through networking system in Lagos state. The COVID-19 Hesitancy Questionnaire with reliability value of 0.67 was used as instrument for data collection. Data gathering was online through Google docs which was circulated via e-mail and WhatsApp platform to the participants. Data Analyzing was done via SPSS 20
Results: The study revealed that 92% were aware of the accessibility of vaccine for COVID-19. Totally, 81.11% had not received the vaccine and the reasons given include misconceptions on the effects of the COVID-19.
Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine uptake is generally poor among the uneducated than the educated. Therefore, there is need for massive education on the importance of COVID-19 among the populace especially among the less educated.
The Challenging Role of Theory of Mind in the Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit - Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Azar , Khorrami Banadaki Anahita , Nezamolslami Atefeh
Published: November 2021

Background: While theory of mind (ToM) deficit is frequently reported in children and adult with ADHD, there is no study investigating characteristics of ToM in their parents. This study aimed to investigate understanding intentionality as an important component of ToM ability in ADHD mothers and typically developing children’s mothers.  
Methods: Through available sampling, (50 mothers), 23 ADHD’s mothers were compared to 27 age and IQ matched typically developing children’s mothers. All participants were assessed using the Animated Triangle Task for ToM performance and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to evaluate neurocognitive performance. The Mann–Whitney and t-test were used as data analysis methods to examine differences between two groups.
Results: poor performance of ADHD mothers was at ToM task. (p < 0.001) However, no significant difference was found between the two groups of mothers in CPT-II performance (p > 0.001). Performance of ToM was not significantly associated with CPT-II.
Conclusions: ADHD mothers may have deficits in understanding intentionality. The findings suggest that researchers pay more attention to recognizing social cognition and social communication characteristics of the parents of ADHD children. It seems that using specific training programs for the parents of ADHD children to achieve ToM capacities can contribute to the pro motion of their children’s social development.
Assessment of European Foundation for Quality Management of Organizational Excellence Model Function of Yasuj Shahid Beheshti Hospital
Authors: Motaghi Monika , Parsayi Moghaddam Mohammad , Gholizade Lida
Published: November 2021

Background: Organizations have to apply modern management systems in order to move toward their excellent function. The EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) organizational excellence model, established in Europe, is one of the outstanding methods during the last two decades in the field of management. Using the EFQM model creates positive leaders, satisfied customers and good change management. The purpose of this study is to assess Yasuj Shahid Beheshti Hospital function based on EFQM model.
Methods: this Cross-sectional-descriptive study conducted in 2020 in a health care center under supervision of the University of Medical Science of Kohkiloyeh Boyer Ahmad. The study population was selected from members of quality improvement committee in the studied hospitals. The statistical population was 200 people and 127 people were selected by Morgan table. The data gathering tools were assessment excellence model questionnaire.
Results: results revealed that the maximum score obtained both totally and for the empowering factors was processes (50.52) and the minimum obtained for empowering items was 21.14 for the population results. Other factors values were obtained 35.08, 27.17, 30.69, 40.53, 75.64, 22.48 and 64.45 for leadership, policies and strategies, human resource, partnership and resources, customer's results, staff results and key hospital results, respectively.
Conclusion :According to the results of the present study it seems that the organizational excellence model can be utilized as a comprehensive for assessing the healthcare centers.
Serious Suicide Attempt by Hunting Gun with Severely Infectious Wounds and Facial Deformity during COVID-19 Arena; A Case Report
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Sadeh Maryam
Published: November 2021

The etiology of suicide among students around the world revolves issues such as communication, education, family problems and parents’ relationship. We intend to report a case with serious recurrent suicide attempt by gun shot during COVID-19 period. We also present psychiatric and clinical evaluation, cosmetic surgery consultation, as well as microbial assessments in this survey.
The seventeen-year-old single male student from southwest of Iran with asymmetric deformed face was observed with the loss of parts of the mouse, nose, chin and mandible region .He had experienced a serious suicide attempt by a threatening plan following rejection. The patient had blurred, hypo phonic and hypotonic speech.  Following the shooting, the soft and hard palate, facial, frontal bone and sinus had been destroyed and a foreign body was seen in the frontal sinus. After suicide risk as assessment, It was detected multiple predictive risk factors for recent suicide attempt and the possibility of recurrent suicide in future. Finally, reconstructive surgery was performed. We assessed him via face to face interview in order to identify psychiatric disorders. Also, he was evaluated as probability of committing recurrent suicide.
It is emphasized that in families which young children are prone to psychiatric disorders or emotional problems, availability of a dangerous device such as a gun can be harmful and it should be removed as soon as possible. We suggest the need for psychiatric evaluation especially suicide phenomenon in adolescents and their families as various conflicts in family context.
Gender Differences in Knowledge and Risk Perception towards HIV/AIDS among Rohingyas in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Shihabul , Ehsan Habib Shah
Published: November 2021

Background: Rohingyas living in refugee camps of Bangladesh have been identified as a high-risk group for HIV transmission. This study aimed to assess gender differences in risk perception towards HIV/AIDS among Rohingyas in Cox’s Bazar.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted to assess the level of risk perception towards HIV/AIDS. This analysis utilizes data from a survey of 130 Rohingya people through face-to-face interviews utilizing a 28-item HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire. A systematic sampling technique was used to accomplish data collection survey. Analyzing was done by SPSS 25.
Results: Only 41.8% of males and 58.2% of females had a good knowledge score (8 out of 11 items) regarding the transmission of HIV. Knowledge is significantly associated with female gender (χ2 = 8.927, p < 0.005). Gender differences were also significantly associated with the perceived risk of contracting HIV/AIDS in the future (p < 0.001). When rank averages were investigated, perceived risk of contracting HIV/AIDS score of the female participants (mean rank = 76.71) appeared to be higher compared to the score of male participants (mean rank = 54.29).
Conclusion: Female Rohingyas perceive a higher risk of contracting HIV/AIDS than male Rohingyas. Programs should address harmful gender norms, HIV testing and education emphasizing the risks involved in transactional sex within the camps.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Mohammeda Azad , Tripathib Vrijesh , S. Singh Delezia , Ali Lauren , Mohana Ruth , Grahama Sedique , Sankara Saraswatie , Nandramc Naresh
Published: November 2021

Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) has affected over 250 million people globally and resulted in over 5 million deaths since it was first reported in November 2019.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted online from July to September 2020 among nationals and permanent residents of Trinidad and Tobago (N = 812). The related questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, 11 items on knowledge, 11 items on attitude and 7 items on practice and experience. Domain scores were derived for each component (K, A and P) and independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to compare differences in scores within demographic categories.
Results: The population possessed a high level of knowledge about COVID-19(0.85 ± 0.09). Attitude scores (0.54 ± 0.07) were influenced by factors such as sex, age, occupation, level of education and area of residence. Significant relationships (P<0.05) were found between demographic categories of sex, age, profession, education, geographical region and the mean domain scores.
Conclusion: There was overall high level of knowledge and good practices in response to COVID-19 which suggests that the government's management approach was effective in providing information about COVID-19 and the safe practice needed to reduce spread of the virus.