bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pure Effect of Temperature on Rectangular and Trapezoidal Box-Girder Bridges – A Finite Element Investigation
Authors: Abood Rawaa Najm , Abdul-Razzaq Khattab Saleem
Published: March 2024

Since the temperature distributions on concrete bridges are nonlinear, they lead to the self-equilibration of the stress distributions. To have a discussion about strains, deflection, and moment brought on by temperature changes. Three-dimensional finite element, Computers and Structures, Inc (CSI) Bridge finite element software is used to analyze 2 box girder bridge specimens; rectangle and trapezoidal cross section. The box girders were same in depth, span length, cross section details and material properties. These specimens were subjected to different temperatures values. They were tested under AASHTO thermal loading and temperature gradient specification. The finding showed that changing the temperatures at a constant rate during the days of the year, by increasing and decreasing, affects by a fixed amount all of the values of deflection, stresses, and moments, for each of the rectangular and trapezoidal sections by the same amount. Through the values of deflection, stresses and moments for both the trapezoidal section and the rectangular section, it can be seen that the trapezoidal section is affected by the temperature change in a lesser way than the rectangular section. That happened because the rectangular section is affected by the temperature gradient along the section in a greater proportion than the trapezoidal section by 16% in stresses and 56% in terms of deflection.
INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN; KONTRIBUSI LEMBAGA INFORMAL TERHADAP PEMBINAAN KARAKTER ANAK
Authors: Arifuddin Arifuddin , Ilham M.
Published: March 2024

Lembaga informal (keluarga) merupakan locus pembinaan karakter seseorang yang berada pada fase childhood (anak-anak). Pada fase tersebut, seorang anak cenderung lebih peka terhadap pengaruh pendidikan orang tua. Lembaga informal merupakan wadah sosialisasi yang pertama dilalui seorang anak. Dalam perspektif agama, lembaga informal menjadi ladang yang ideal untuk menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai ajaran Islam sehingga dapat membentuk karakter seorang anak. Dalam konsepsi Islam, sosok Nabi Muhammad menjadi figur dan role model dalam proses internalisasi nilai-nilai ajaran Islam di lingkup keluarga. Sikap dan perilaku Nabi saw., diyakini merupakan menifestasi dari ajaran al-Quran. Kendati demikian, dalam konteks penerapannya, Nabi saw. memberikan kesempatan para pengikutnya untuk melakukan improvisasi dalam proses internalisasi tersebut sepanjang tidak keluar dari koridor-koridor yang dicontohkan oleh Nabi saw. Konstribusi lembaga informal melalui pendidikan keluarga dalam membentuk kepribadian anak dapat ditelisik dari upaya penanaman nilai akidah, ritual ibadah, kepekaan sosial, pengawasan dan kepedulian, serta aspek kesehatan. Kelima anasir tersebut merupakan tema sentral dalam pembinaan anak di lingkungan keluarga dan sekaligus menjadi sasaran pendidikan Islam. Sejatinya, pendidikan keluarga harus memuat nilai-nilai akidah yang menjadi pijakan dalam beragama. Selain itu, nilai-nilai ibadah juga menjadi sarana komunikasi seorang hamba dengan Sang Pencipta. Sementara nilai-nilai sosial berfungsi membentuk kualitas perilaku dan pikiran yang sejalan dengan ajaran Islam sehingga dapat dipahami dan diterima oleh masyarakat. Pengawasan dan kepedulian juga mendukung perkembangan potensi anak sehingga dapat tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai yang diharapkan. Demikian halnya dengan aspek kesehatan anak dapat diupayakan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan asupan gizi.
Pendidikan Budaya;Di Sekolah dan Komunitas/Masyarakat
Authors: Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah
Published: March 2024

The aims of this paper is to see how education and culture are related and mutually supportive in order to achieve the goals of education. This research is a library research using a descriptive analysis method. Education aims to shape so that humans can demonstrate their behavior as cultured beings who are able to socialize in their communities and adapt to their environment in an effort to maintain survival, both individually, in groups, and society as a whole. Cultural approach is the right way in fostering the morality of the nation's education which began to collapse, this is because culture contains various aspects, such as religion, ethics and the environment. Through a cultural approach, we can instill positive values so that students are able to become human beings who have character, humans who can accompany their activities with existing norms or values.
TRANSFORMASI ELEMEN PESANTREN PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI PESANTREN AS’ADIYAH SENGKANG: KONTINUITAS DAN PERUBAHAN
Authors: Hasanuddin Muhammad Irfan , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengeksplorasi konsep Dhofier tentang elemen pesantren dan bagaimana elemen ini bertransformasi dalam mengaya pembelajaran bahasa Arab di Pesantren As’adiyah dalam konteks kontinuitas dan perubahan. Tulisan ini dielaborasi dari hasil penelitian yang menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara, observasi serta sutdi dokumen. Dengan menggunakan kerangka kontinuitas dan perubahan, penelitian menemukan bahwa transformasi elemen pesantren: kiyai-santri, mesjid-pengkajian kitab kuning dan asrama pesantren, berkontribusi positif dalam memperkaya pembelajaran bahasa Arab melalui integrasi pembelajaran di Pesantren As’adiyah Sengkang.
Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Aplikasi 25 Kisah Nabi dan Rasul untuk Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Akidah
Authors: Munir Wahyuni , Munir Humaerah , Munir Nilam Permatasari , Munir Fairus Suryani
Published: March 2024

Learning media is an important role in the learning process, especially during the learning period from home. Teachers try to maximize learning by utilizing various learning resources such as applications on the Playstore, namely 25 stories of prophets and apostles. The purpose of this research was to determine the increase in learning outcomes of moral aqidah through the application of  25 Stories of the Prophets and Apostles. This research was a class action research in odd semester 2020/2021 for class X MA DDI Taqwa Parepare as many as 17 students. The research instrument was a test of moral aqidah learning outcomes, observation sheets, and student responses. Analysis of the data used is descriptive average statistic. The result of this research is  that students' activities when using learning media in the first cycle are in the active category and the second cycle is in the very active category. The learning outcomes of students' moral aqidah in the first cycle of 61.75 are in the good category, and the learning outcomes in the second cycle of 83.25 are in the very good category. Students responded positively to the learning media for the stories of 25 Prophets and Apostles.
Application of the Quantum Teaching Learning Model to Improve Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students
Authors: Syamsuriyanti Syamsuriyanti , Amalia Reski
Published: March 2024

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students in social studies subjects in elementary schools. The type of research used was Classroom Action Research (PTK) which involved 39 students and was carried out in two cycles with the stages of implementation, action, observation, and reflection. The results showed that the dingying the Quantum Teaching Learning model could improve social studies learning outcomes, as evidenced by studen,t activity whicentage of 60% in cycle I and increased to 100% in cycle II. In addition, student learning outcomes in cycle I reached a percentage of 51% with an average of 72 and increased to 87% in cycle II with an average of 86. The increase in test results indicated the achievement of indicators of success.
Improving Activity and Learning Outcomes Through the Student Team Achievement Divisions Learning Model for Elementary School Students
Authors: Khusna Natijatul , Widiyono Yuli , Khaq Muflikhul
Published: March 2024

Learning mathematics is still considered a difficult thing for students. Therefore, the activity and learning outcomes of mathematics are still not optimal. Proper, interesting and fun learning needs to be done to obtain maximum learning outcomes. The purpose of this research is to increase the activeness and learning outcomes of mathematics through the STAD learning model. The type of research is classroom action research. Methods of collecting data by observation, interviews, and tests. The results showed that the activeness of learning the material of flat shapes has increased. The average learning activity in the first cycle was 73.26% with the moderately active category, in the second cycle it increased to 87.85% with the active category. The increase in student activity from cycle I to cycle II was 14.58%. The average student learning outcomes in the first cycle was 73, then in the second cycle increased to 85.6. The conclusion of this study is that the use of the STAD learning model can increase the activity and learning outcomes of mathematics in the fourth grade elementary school flat-building material.
Analysis Of Students Visual Learning Styles in View Of Learning Outcomes in the Cognitive Domain Of Students
Authors: Sulistri Emi , Mariana Dewi , Yasin Robi Nur
Published: March 2024

This study aims: 1) to describe students' visual learning styles in terms of learning outcomes in the cognitive domain of students in science class V students; 2) to describe the factors that influence the visual learning style of fifth grade students. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The subjects in this study were 6 grade V students at SDN 14 Singkawang, consisting of 2 students in the high category, 2 students in the medium category and 2 students in the low category. Data collection techniques in this study are measurement techniques, indirect communication techniques and direct communication techniques. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that students with high cognitive learning outcomes consist of 2 students who have high and low visual learning styles. Students with medium cognitive learning outcomes consist of 2 students who have moderate and high visual learning styles. In addition, students with low cognitive learning outcomes consisted of 2 students who had low and moderate visual learning styles. Factors that influence students' visual learning styles consist of 4; 1) genetic factors, 2) intelligence factors, 3) sensory factors and environmental factors.
The Effect of Guided Inquiry Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills and Science Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students
Authors: Musyawwir Muh , Kune Syarifuddin , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Guided Inquiry learning model on students' critical thinking skills and science learning outcomes. The type of research used is quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group design. The sampling technique is a saturated sample, namely fifth grade students of public elementary school 9 West Bangkala, Jeneponto Regency, totaling 56 students. Research data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and inferential analysis using SPSS 22. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the use of guided inquiry learning models can improve critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes compared to those without using the guided inquiry learning model. The results of the study using the inquiry learning model had an effect on critical thinking skills and science learning outcomes for fifth grade students of public elementary school 9 Bangkala Barat, Jeneponto Regency.
Development of Interactive Multimedia Based on A Contextual Approach to Mathematics Learning to Improve Results Student
Authors: Putra Tedy , Rambe Titin Rahmayanti
Published: March 2024

This research aims to develop interactive multimedia based on a contextual approach. This research is research and development. This research uses a 4-D development model which consists of four stages, namely define, design, develop, disseminate. However, this research only reached the development stage. The research was carried out at SD IT Bintang Langkat. The subjects in the research were 20 class IV students. The object in the research isinteractive multimedia based on a contextual approach. The collection techniques used are observation, tests and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques are (a) feasibility analysis of interactive multimedia based on a contextual approach; (b) analysis of the effectiveness of interactive multimedia based on a contextual approach. Based on the results of expert validation carried out on interactive multimedia based on a contextual approach, the results of expert validation with a percentage of 92.80% are categorized as very feasible, the results of validation of language experts with a percentage of 80.00% are categorized as feasible, and the results of media expert validation with a percentage of 93.05% categorized as very feasible. The results in the pretest trial were 2 students who completed and 18 students who did not complete with a percentage of 45%, while in the posttest trial there were 19 students who completed and 1 student who did not complete with a percentage of 83%.Â Based on this description, it can be concluded that interactive multimedia based on a contextual approach is very feasible and effective for class IV students at SD IT Bintang Langkat.Â
El Reconocimiento Fracturado
Authors: Campos Cabrera Bruno Leon
Published: March 2024

La extensiva proliferación de conflictos sociales de grupos que claman exclusión política, indiferencia institucional y menosprecio de sus formas de vida, evidencian la insuficiencia conceptual del fin de la historia del Hegel de Fukuyama. Estos sujetos colectivos no se perciben como parte de la unidad orgánica que es lo social, sino como fragmentos escindidos, carentes de relación con ella. Sugiero que es posible otorgar valor explicativo y ofrecer una solución normativa a esta fractura social mediante el concepto de reconocimiento desarrollado por Hegel en su periodo jenense. Así, como actualización de este concepto, estos conflictos sociales pueden ser entendidos como luchas por el reconocimiento por alguna de sus dimensiones, afectiva, legal y/o social que les ha sido injustamente negada.
Sixteen years of canine hepatic copper concentrations within normal reference ranges in dogs fed a broad range of commercial diets
Authors: Amundson Madison D. , Motsinger Laura A. , Brejda John , Hancock Leslie
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effects of age, sex, breed, liver histopathology, and year of death/sample collection on liver copper concentrations in dogs fed various commercial dog foods throughout their lives.

SAMPLE

During necropsy, 336 samples were collected between the years 2006 and 2022 from dogs that were fed a variety of commercial dog foods on the market. This study utilized all liver samples available and did not require specific criteria for sample selection.

METHODS

Liver samples (n = 336) were analyzed as dry weight for copper concentration by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The potential effects of animal age and year of death/collection (scatterplots and linear regression), sex, liver histopathology (t test), and breed (ANOVA) on liver copper concentration were assessed.

RESULTS

Labrador Retrievers had lower liver copper concentrations than Beagles, but mixed breeds did not differ from Beagles or Labrador Retrievers. Analysis of year of death showed that liver copper concentrations decreased from 2006 through 2011, increased in 2012, decreased in 2013, and peaked in 2016, decreasing thereafter. Mean copper concentration of abnormal liver histopathology samples was lower than mean copper concentrations of normal liver histopathology samples. Age (12.9 ± 2.6 years) and sex had no effect on liver copper concentrations. Of note, some samples showed abnormal hepatic pathology.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Liver copper concentrations varied significantly with breed and year of death; however, average liver copper concentrations of each year were within normal. However, this was a retrospective population study and diet histories of the dogs were unknown, requiring further investigation.
Sustainable Groundwater Management Through Micro Irrigation: A Critical Review on Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Deshpande Vaibhav P. , Ahmad Ishtiyaq , Singh Chandan K.
Published: March 2024

Groundwater plays a vital role in global water resources, supporting agricultural, industrial, and domestic water supply systems. However, the long-term sustainability of groundwater is increasingly threatened due to the widespread adoption of irrigation systems especially micro irrigation. Micro irrigation is a widespread agricultural technique that involves water application to crops through drip irrigation and sprinkler systems. This method has gained widespread adoption due to its ability to deliver water efficiently to crops. This review paper examines the impacts of micro irrigation on groundwater sustainability, focusing on its effects on groundwater quantity, quality, and overall sustainability. The findings reveal that micro irrigation can significantly contribute to groundwater conservation by reducing water losses. However, improper management practices, such as over-irrigation or incorrect application rates, can lead to excessive groundwater extraction, depletion of aquifers, and declining water tables. Applying fertilizers and pesticides in micro irrigation systems may lead to groundwater pollution, thereby affecting water quality and posing a risk to human health. This review article emphasizes the significance of appropriate design, installation, and upkeep of micro irrigation systems to minimize potential adverse effects on groundwater. Furthermore, regulatory frameworks, policies, and educational programs are crucial in promoting sustainable groundwater management practices in micro irrigation. The present review highlights the significance of adopting balanced water use practices, enhancing water management techniques, and implementing relevant regulations to ensure the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources in micro irrigation systems.
Achieving Environmental sustainability through the adoption of industry 4.0: an exploratory case study within the information technology industry
Authors: El Merroun Mohamed , Istvan Janos Bartók , Alkhlaifat Osama
Published: March 2024

In the present-day competitive business landscape, integrating Industry 4.0 has transitioned from a choice to a necessity for companies striving to maintain their edge. Given the automation functions of IoT, the data management and transformation capabilities of AI, and the traceability benefits provided by Blockchain, this imperative is now more evident than ever. While widespread interest in Industry 4.0 is prevalent, the uncertainties surrounding the implementation process pose notable challenges. For this reason, in this paper, we present a single case study of a firm that operates in the information technology market to showcase the implementation process and how they overcome the challenges of digital transformation. Furthermore, the effect of this implementation on environmental sustainability experienced by the company and three of its customers was discussed.
Influence of different intraoperative fluid management on postoperative outcome after abdominal tumours resection
Authors: Jenko Matej , Mencin Katarina , Novak-Jankovic Vesna , Spindler-Vesel Alenka
Published: March 2024

Background

Intraoperative fluid management is a crucial aspect of cancer surgery, including colorectal surgery and pancreatoduodenectomy. The study tests if intraoperative multimodal monitoring reduces postoperative morbidity and duration of hospitalisation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery treated by the same anaesthetic protocols with epidural analgesia.

Patients and methods

A prospective study was conducted in 2 parallel groups. High-risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomly selected in the control group (CG), where standard monitoring was applied (44 patients), and the protocol group (PG), where cerebral oxygenation and extended hemodynamic monitoring were used with the protocol for intraoperative interventions (44 patients).

Results

There were no differences in the median length of hospital stay, CG 9 days (interquartile range [IQR] 8 days), PG 9 (5.5), p = 0.851. There was no difference in postoperative renal of cardiac impairment. Procalcitonin was significantly higher (highest postoperative value in the first 3 days) in CG, 0.75 mcg/L (IQR 3.19 mcg/L), than in PG, 0.3 mcg/L (0.88 mcg/L), p = 0.001. PG patients received a larger volume of intraoperative fluid; median intraoperative fluid balance +1300 ml (IQR 1063 ml) than CG; +375 ml (IQR 438 ml), p < 0.001.

Conclusions

There were significant differences in intraoperative fluid management and vasopressor use. The median postoperative value of procalcitonin was significantly higher in CG, suggesting differences in immune response to tissue trauma in different intraoperative fluid status, but there was no difference in postoperative morbidity or hospital stay.
Endowment Effect, Information Asymmetry, and Real Estate Market Decisions: Willingness to Pay and Willingness to Accept Disparities
Authors: Mwanyepedza Robert , Mishi Syden
Published: March 2024

The endowment effect has gained dominance over the decades due to its ability to explain behavioral instincts portrayed by individuals when making decisions and its inconsistency with standard economic theories. It has been extensively applied in different fields of study, however its applicability to the housing market has been limited since its establishment. The study seeks to investigate whether the endowment effect exists in the housing market and whether the disclosure of information, increased affordability and agent evaluation significantly reduce the endowment effect. Using data obtained from a survey conducted between January and August 2022 in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, the study found that the disclosure of information eliminates the gap between buyers’ valuations and market values, while the gap between sellers’ valuations and market prices is reduced but not eliminated by information disclosure. The study has further concluded that increased affordability and agent evaluations significantly reduce the endowment effect in the housing market. Therefore, the study recommends that private and public entities should establish laws and regulations which promote the disclosure of information to reduce the gap between the willingness to pay (WTP) and the willingness to accept (WTA) that exists in the market.
Selection of Tooling for Extrusion of Polyamide Hoses Using Process Capability Analysis
Authors: Siqueira Sílvio Sérgio Silveira de , Vieira Pedro Senna , Furtado Anderson Elias , Silva Bianca Paulino , Sampaio Nilo Antônio de Souza
Published: March 2024

Objective: This research is a case study carried out in a polyamide hose factory located in Brazil. The research seeks to identify the best set of tools to be used in a polymer extruder in the manufacture of polyamide 11 hoses. Search with the set of tools seeking the best production quality, without dimensional variations and in a more stable way from the beginning.
 
Methods: By visualizing the dimensions of the product and the dimensions of the tools. To achieve this, Minitab® software is used to analyze the capacity of the production process with three different combinations of tools. The three productions were carried out with modifications to the original set of tools, one with changing the former and the last with changing the pin and extrusion die.
 
Results and conclusion: Process capacity analysis showed that the last combination, with a former with a smaller gap in relation to the hose and with a pin and die with smaller gaps than the initial set, was more efficient, producing a hose with fewer dimensional variations.
 
Research  implications: Process capability analysis proves to be useful in assisting engineers in the development of tools to produce thermoplastic hoses, reducing dimensional variations and product defects, generating savings in material, hours worked and costs.
 
Originality/Value: Hoses are produced not only by the oil and gas sector, but also for other purposes such as hospital use, retail and civil construction. This study will help the production of thermoplastic hoses in any segment.
Challenges of Implementing Packaging Design in Rural Food Entrepreneurship Owned by Underprivileged Women – A Case Study
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, Kelantan, Malaysia, Shaharuddin Siti Shukhaila , Manaf Ahmad Azaini Abdul ,   Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: March 2024

This project was implemented to help low-income and underprivileged women grow their small businesses. This project aims to identify and analyse the problems faced by underprivileged women, focusing on food packaging. The participants were from Kampung Pinggan Jaya, Kuching Sarawak in Malaysia, who run small and medium food businesses. The food categories were based on dry and frozen foods, which were mainly homemade. The participants were housewives aged between 30 and 45 years with low monthly household incomes ranging from US $45 (MYR 200) to US $168 (MYR 750). Thus, the project's main objective is to improve product packaging to establish itself in the local market. Empathy mapping was the technique of choice as it demonstrates collaborative visualisation. Consequently, an entrepreneurship workshop was organised to identify potential products and participants interested in the project. Some problems and constraints during project implementation were due to financial concerns, attitudes, and illiteracy.
Quality assessment of diabetic care in Armed Force Hospital Southern region
Authors: AlQahtani Hamad , AlQahtani Abdulrahman , AlQahtani Mohammad , Bahis Abdulkareem , Alshahrani Faisal , Alqahtani Mohammad , Alshahrani Saeed
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the current status of care provided by the Diabetes Center at Armed Forces Hospital (AFH).
Methods: This study was cross-sectional and conducted at the AFH in the Southern region during the period from January to June 2023. The study was conducted using the patient's data sheet and a questionnaire to investigate the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients as well as the quality of care provided to the patients.
Results: This study included 180 diabetic patients; 52.2% were males, 61.1% had uncontrolled blood sugar, 37.8% were hypertensive, and 45% were obese. Around 60.6% reported receiving high-quality care. The quality of care was significantly affected by secondary education (p = 0.037), university education (p = 0.006), monthly income of more than 10,000 SR (p = 0.022), glycemic control (p = 0.039), and body mass index (p = 0.0001).
Conclusion: A good level of quality care was provided to the diabetic patients; however, it requires more improvement.
Photodynamic therapy of Bowen’s disease
Authors: Filonenko E. V. , Ivanova-Radkevich V. I.
Published: March 2024

Bowen’s disease is a form of non-invasive (in situ) squamous cell skin cancer localized in the non-genital area. Russian and European clinical guidelines include photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the standard of care for patients with Bowen’s disease. In the present review, the efficacy and safety profile of different PDT regimens for Bowen’s disease are analyzed according to the available literature data. PDT can be used to treat large Bowen’s disease lesions localized in areas of the body characterized by severe healing and in cases where surgery is not feasible. Analysis of the results of studies shows that PDT is superior in efficacy and cosmetic results to traditional local treatments such as 5-fluorouracil or cryotherapy. In all analyzed studies in patients with Bowen’s disease, PDT achieved a significant clinical effect. Complete regression of pathologic foci was achieved in 67-100% of patients. In studies evaluating the recurrence rate of Bowen’s disease after PDT, this value ranged from 2-28% with the range of 6-18% in most of the studies. Most often, 5-aminolevulinic acid and its methyl ester are used for PDT in Bowen’s disease. According to some researchers, aminolevulinic acid allows to achieve a more long-term positive clinical effect with a lower incidence of painful reactions during treatment
Separation with the Help of an Object in the Works of Freud, Piaget, and Winnicott
Authors:   Tel Aviv University, Lubetzky Ofra
Published: March 2024

The process of acquisition the "object constancy" and reaching separation, which is important for the "going on being", will be discussed in the present article. Three classical theories will be presented: Freud, Piaget and Winnicott. These three central, different and not so different theories illustrate how a child copes with separation by help of an object. The case description illustrates the difficulty of trusting in the existence of object constancy and its influence on the separation process following thereof.
The relationship between childhood atopic dermatitis and asthma in an under resourced community
Authors: Bernstein Jonathan A. , Wymer Larry J. , Nye Michael , Vesper Stephen J.
Published: March 2024

Background:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by allergen exposures and estimated to affect ∼20% of children. Children in urban areas have a higher prevalence of AD compared with those living outside of urban areas. AD is believed to lead to asthma development as part of the “atopic march.”Objective:Our objective was to determine the sequential and chronological relationships between AD and asthma for children in an under-resourced community.Methods:The progression from AD to asthma in the under-resourced, urban community of Sun Valley, Colorado, was examined by assessing Medicaid data for the years 2016 to 2019 for a diagnosis of AD or asthma in children 6 and 7 years old.Results:Pearson correlations between AD and asthma diagnoses were significant only with respect to AD at age 6 years compared with asthma 1 year later, at age 7 years.Conclusion:By studying a susceptible community with a consistent but mixed genetic background, we found sequential and chronological links between AD and asthma.
Initial updosing phase of oral immunotherapy improves quality of life and psychological burden in parents of children with food allergy
Authors: Shin Sanghee , Jang Sehun , Kim Jiwon , Song Jeongmin , Park Seeun , Kim Yeonghee , Lee Min Hee , Kim Hyun Mi , Choi Young Ran , Jung Minyoung , Kim Minji , Lee Ji Young , Baek Jihyun , Kim Sukyung , Kim Jihyun , Ahn Kangmo
Published: March 2024

Background: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can impose psychological burdens on patients and their parents due to the necessary preparations and repeated adverse reactions. Objective: To investigate changes in quality of life (QoL) and psychological burden in
parents of children receiving OIT for food allergy (FA). Methods: Children aged 3‐13 years with FA were enrolled. Parents were asked to fill out the Korean versions of the Food Allergy Quality of Life-Parental Burden (FAQL-PB), the Korean versions of the Food Allergy
Quality of Life-Parental Form (K-FAQLQ-PF), the Korean versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (K-BAI), and the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ-9) for depression before OIT (T1), after 2 months of updosing (T2), and after the end of the updosing phase (T3).
Results: A total of 111 parents were enrolled. The total FAQL-PB scores were decreased at T2 and T3 compared with those at T1 (all p < 0.001). Greater improvement in the total FAQL-PB score at T2 was noted in parents with a higher parental burden (FAQL-PB score
≥ 74 points) at baseline than in those with a lower parental burden (p = 0.001). Among the K-FAQLQ-PF domains, “food anxiety” scores were decreased at T2 and T3 compared with those at T1 (p = 0.049 and p = 0.030, respectively), whereas
there was no change in “social and dietary limitation” and “emotional impact” scores between T1 and T2 and between T1 and T3. However, no differences were observed in K-BAI and PHQ-9 scores between T1 and T2 and between T1 and T3. Conclusion: Our
results suggest that OIT improves parental burden and QoL in parents of children with FA.
Formulasi Sediaan Lip cream Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Asoka (Ixora coccinea) sebagai Pewarna Alami
Authors: Nanda Chintiya Vera , Kurniati Dwi Elfira , Indriyanti Niken
Published: March 2024

Asoka flower (Ixora coccinea) possesses pigments that can be used as natural colorants in decorative cosmetics. The use of natural colorants in decorative cosmetics is still limited and the demand for decorative cosmetics especially lip cream is increasing. This research aims to determine whether ethanol extract of Asoka flowers can be used as an alternative natural colorant in lip cream formulations. This research began with extraction of Asoka flowers using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent and citric acid. Base was optimized using a single thickener and combination of carnauba wax and candelilla wax. Base was evaluated and formulated with flower extract. The formulation quality was determined through organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, viscosity, and pH tests. The extraction results yielded a yield of 27,1%. Best base was bases F3, F4, and F5. Formulations using Asoka flower extract with 2%, 4%, and 6% produced sequentially light brown, reddish-brown, and red colors. F3 produces the best color at pH 4.6. The evaluation results include the distinctive aroma of chocolate, semi-solid consistency, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, viscosity, and pH that meet the pharmaceutical requirements. In conclusion, ethanol extract from Asoka flowers can be utilized as a natural colorant in lip cream formulations.

Keywords:          Ixora coccinea, Natural Colorants, Lip cream, Carnauba wax, Candelilla wax

 

Abstrak

Bunga asoka (Ixora coccinea) memiliki pigmen warna yang dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami pada kosmetik dekoratif. Namun penggunaan pewarna alami pada kosmetik dekoratif masih kurang dan permintaan penggunaan kosmetik dekoratif terutama lip cream semakin meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol bunga asoka dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pewarna alami pada sediaan lip cream. Penelitian ini diawali dengan ekstraksi bunga asoka dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan asam sitrat. Lalu dilakukan optimasi basis dengan pengental tunggal dan kombinasi berupa carnauba wax dan candelilla wax. Basis dievaluasi dan diformulasikan dengan ekstrak bunga asoka. Kualitas sediaan ditentukan melalui uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, uji viskositas dan uji pH. Hasil ekstraksi didapatkan rendemen sebesar 27,1%. Formula basis terbaik yaitu F3, F4, dan F5. Sediaan dengan ekstrak bunga asoka konsentrasi 2%, 4%, dan 6% menghasilkan warna berturut-turut coklat muda, coklat kemerahan, dan merah. F3 menghasilkan warna terbaik dengan pH 4,6. Hasil evaluasi karakteristik fisik seluruh sediaan meliputi aroma khas coklat, konsistensi semipadat, homogen serta memiliki daya sebar, daya lekat, viskositas, dan pH yang memenuhi persyaratan evaluasi sediaan lip cream. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol bunga asoka dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami pada sediaan lip cream.

Kata Kunci:         Ixora coccinea, Pewarna Alami, Lip cream, Carnauba wax, Candelilla wax
Analisis Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelakai Merah (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) Berbantu Ultrasonik
Authors: Karangan Chisilia Brydhita , Prabowo Wisnu Cahyo , Agustina Risna
Published: March 2024

Kelakai merah is a typical plant of Kalimantan that is widely used for medicinal purposes. This plant is reported to contain numerous secondary metabolite compounds, including phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This research aims to determine the flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of red kelakai leaves (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) extracted using ultrasonic assistance. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was carried out with variations in time (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes) and temperature (20, 30, 40, 50, and 60°C). The extract obtained during the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process was then measured for flavonoid content using the spectrophotometry method. The research results showed the highest yield of the extraction process at a temperature variation of 60°C with a time of 20 minutes (20%). The highest flavonoid content was obtained at a temperature variation of 50°C with a time of 25 minutes (51.86 ppm quercetin in 100 mg of extract). This study provides evidence that ultrasonication can be used as an effective method for extracting total flavonoids from red kelakai leaves, which have the potential for applications in the development of herbal and pharmaceutical products based on this plant material.

Keywords:          Kelakai merah, Extraction, Ultrasonic, Flavonoid

 

Abstrak

Kelakai merah merupakan tanaman khas kalimantan yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat. Tanaman ini dilaporkan memiliki banyak kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya senyawa golongan fenolik dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid dari ekstrak etanol daun kelakai merah (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) yang diekstraksi dengan menggunakan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik. Ekstraksi berbantu ultrasonik dilakukan dengan variasi waktu (5, 10, 15, 20 dan 25 menit) dan suhu (20, 30, 40, 50 dan 60°C). Ekstrak yang diperoleh pada proses ekstraksi berbantu ultrasonik kemudian diukur kadar flavonoid menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen terbesar proses ekstraksi terdapat pada variasi suhu 60°C dengan waktu 20 menit (15%). Kadar flavonoid tertinggi diperoleh pada variasi suhu 50°C dengan waktu 25 menit (2,56%). Penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa ultrasonik dapat digunakan sebagai metode yang efektif untuk mengekstraksi flavonoid total dari daun kelakai merah, yang memiliki potensi aplikasi dalam pengembangan produk-produk herbal dan farmasi yang berbasis pada bahan tumbuhan ini.

Kata Kunci:         Kelakai merah, Ekstraksi, Ultrasonik, Flavonoid
Efek Beta Sitosterol dan Kunyit Hitam (Curcuma caesia) Terhadap Berat Badan dan Abnormalitas Hati pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Etanol
Authors: Ilhaam Jihaan Nazhiirah , Anggreini Putri , Arifian Hanggara , Sulistiarini Riski
Published: March 2024

Ethanol can cause fatty liver, hepatitis, and cirrhosis which contribute to liver function’s disorder.Fatty liver is caused by the accumulation of fat in liver cells. Black turmeric (Curcuma caesia) contains curcumin, with hepatoprotective activity and can prevent obesity. Beta-sitosterol is a derivative compound of phytosterol with good hepatoprotective activity Therefore, this study aims to assess the activities of black turmeric and beta-sitosterol as hepatoprotective and anti-obesity agents. Mice were divided into 4 groups: Normal (N), beta-sitosterol 20 mg/kg body weight (BS), black turmeric 6.25% (KH), and negative group (KN). Groups BS, KH, and KN were given 35% ethanol (p.o) for 2 weeks. On the 14th day, body weight were measured and all the mice were dissecter to examine the liver organ. The KH group weight was decreased compared to the normal group. The BS group weight was relatively stable. Macroscopic analysis of the liver organ showed no difference between groups N, BS, and KH. The KN group showed liver swelling as expected. Based on the obtained results, it is assumed that black turmeric prevents weight gain and liver damage due to excessive alcohol-induced. Beta-sitosterol and black turmeric can also prevent the hepatotoxic effects of alcohol consumption

Keywords:          black turmeric, beta sitosterol, hepatoprotector, anti-obesity

 

Abstrak

Etanol dapat merusak fungsi hati seperti perlemakan hati, hepatitis, dan sirosis. Perlemakan pada hati disebabkan oleh penumpukan lemak pada sel hati. Kunyit hitam (Curcuma caesia) memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder, kurkumin dengan aktivitas hepatoprotektor yang baik dan dapat mencegah terjadinya obesitas. Beta-sitosterol merupakan senyawa turunan pitosterol yang memiliki potensi sebagai hepatoprotektor yang baik. Pada penelitian dilakukan pengujian mengenai aktivitas kunyit hitam dan beta sitosterol sebagai hepatoprotektor dan anti obesitas. Mencit dibagi kedalam 4 kelompok yaitu kelompok Normal (N), kelompok beta sitosterol 20 mg/kg BB (BS), kelompok kunyit hitam 6,25% (KH), dan kelompok negatif (KN). Kelompok BS, KH, dan KN diberikan etanol 35% (p.o) selama 2 minggu. Pada hari ke-14 dilakukan pengukuran berat badan dan pembedahan untuk mengamati organ hepar. Hasil menunjukkan terjadi penurunan berat badan pada kelompok KH dibandingkan kelompok normal. Pada kelompok BS tidak terjadi perubahan berat badan. Analisis makroskopik organ hati menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara kelompok N, BS, dan KH, tetapi terdapat pembengkakan hati pada kelompok KN. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, diasumsikan bahwa kunyit hitam mencegah naiknya berat badan akibat alkohol yang berlebih dan penurunan nafsu makan, namun tidak pada pemberian beta sitosterol. Beta sitosterol dan kunyit hitam juga dapat mencegah efek hepatotoksik akibat konsumsi alkohol.

Kata Kunci:         kunyit hitam, beta sitosterol, hepatoprotektor, anti obesitas
Skrining Fitokimia dan Karakterisasi Minyak Biji Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L.)
Authors: Rizqullah Muhammad Azril , Rahim Abdul , Febrina Lizma
Published: March 2024

Candlenut is an intriguing plant, especially for its activities as a hair strengthener and its antibacterial properties. Various techniques can be employed to obtain candlenut oil, one of which is the roasting method. This method is cost-effective and easy to perform. However, there is currently no information on the phytochemical composition of candlenut oil produced using the roasting method. The aim of this research is to identify the groups of chemical compounds present in candlenut oil and to characterize candlenut oil. The research methodology for screening the phytochemicals in candlenut oil includes testing for alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/terpenoids, tannins, phenols, and saponins. Characterization of candlenut oil includes organoleptic tests, water content analysis, acid value determination, saponification value determination, and density testing. The phytochemical screening results indicate that candlenut oil contains alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. The characterization results for candlenut oil reveal that it has a yellow color, smooth texture, and a distinctive candlenut oil scent. The water content is 0.01%, the acid value is 5%, the saponification value is 184.1825 mg KOH/g, and the density is 1.03 g/mL. This result shows that the obtained candlenut oil meets the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for oil.

Keywords:          Candlenut, Phytochemical screening, Characterization

 

Abstrak

Kemiri merupakan tanaman yang menarik, khususnya aktivitasnya sebagai penguat rambut serta aktivitas antibakterinya. Berbagai teknik dapat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan minyak biji kemiri, salah satunya dengan metode sangrai. Metode ini merupakan metode yang murah dan mudah dilakukan. Namun belum ada informasi fitokimia terhadap minyak kemiri yang dihasilkan dengan metode sangrai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa kimia yang terkandung pada minyak biji kemiri dan mengkarakterisasi minyak biji kemiri. Metode penelitian skrining fitokimia minyak biji kemiri meliputi alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid/ terpenoid, tannin, fenol, dan saponin. Karakterisasi minyak biji kemiri meliputi uji organoleptik, uji kadar air, uji bilangan asam, uji bilangan penyabunan, dan uji massa jenis. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa minyak biji kemiri mengandung golongan senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, dan steroid. Hasil yang diperoleh dari karakterisasi minyak biji kemiri yaitu dari organoleptik minyak biji kemiri berwarna kuning, tekstur licin dan berbau khas minyak kemiri, kadar air 0,01%; bilangan asam 5%; bilangan penyabunan 184,1825 mg KOH/ g;  massa jenis 1,03 g/ mL. Hasil ini memperlihatkan bahwa minyak biji kemiri yang diperoleh telah sesuai dengan standar SNI minyak.

Kata Kunci:         Kemiri, Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi
Validasi Metode dan Penetapan Kadar Kafein Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Rupa Nia Fevniaty , Gama Sabaniah Indjar , Ahmad Islamudin
Published: March 2024

Caffeine is one of the alkaloids contained in coffee. Caffeine in coffee has clinically useful pharmacological effects, such as stimulating the central nervous system, relieving fatigue and drowsiness. This study aims to determine the validation of the analytical method for determining caffeine content in robusta coffee, where the sample used is coffee from Kalimantan and Sulawesi. The analytical method used to determine caffeine levels in coffee is UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Parameters in method validation are linearity, LOD and LOQ, precision, and accuracy. The validation test performed showed linear results where the value of r2 was 0,9927. The limit value of detection (LOD) obtained is 25,9344 and the value limit quantity (LOQ) obtained is 78,5893. The results of the accuracy test are expressed in %recovery, which is 106,7%. In the final stage a precision test was carried out where the RSD value obtained was 1,5937%. In determining the caffeine content, the caffeine content for Sulawesi coffee was 0,466 mg/g and for Kalimantan coffee was 0,591 mg/g.

Keywords:          Caffeine, Spektrophotometry UV-Vis, Method validation

 

Abstrak

Kafein merupakan salah satu alkaloid yang terkandung dalam kopi. Kafein pada kopi memiliki efek farmakologis yang bermanfaat secara klinis, seperti merangsang sistem saraf pusat, menghilangkan rasa lelah dan mengantuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui validasi metode analisis pada penetapan kadar kafein dalam kopi robusta, dimana sampel yang digunakan adalah kopi yang berasal dari Kalimantan dan Sulawesi. Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk menetapkan kadar kafein dalam kopi adalah spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Parameter pada validasi metode yaitu linearitas, LOD dan LOQ, presisi, dan akurasi. Pengujian validasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan hasil yang linier dimana nilai r2 adalah 0,9927. Nilai limit deteksi (LOD) yang diperoleh adalah 25,9344 dan nilai limit kuantitas (LOQ) yang diperoleh adalah 78,5893. Hasil uji akurasi dinyatakan dalam %recovery yaitu 106,7%. Pada tahap akhir dilakukan uji presisi dimana hasil nilai RSD yang diperoleh adalah 1,5937%. Pada penetapan kadar kafein diperoleh kadar kafein untuk kopi Sulawesi sebesar 0,466 mg/g dan untuk kopi Kalimantan sebesar  0,591 mg/g.

Kata Kunci:         Kafein, Spektrofotometer UV-Vis, Validasi Metode