bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some additional records of follicolous fungi from North Central Tarai Forests of U.P.
Authors: Singh D. P. , Mall T. P.
Published: February 2023

The  follicolous  fungi  was  collected  from  Feb.  03-05,  2008  from  Sirsa  forest  range  of Shrawasti District.  The authors  collected  twenty  plant  species,  representing fourteen  families,  parasitized  by sixteen  fungi  species.  Leptoxyphium  buteae  was found  on Butea frondosa  (Fabaceae),  where  as Pseudocercospora nigricans on Cassia  occidentalis (Fabaceae); Pseudocercospora sp. on Hetrofragma  sp  (Boraginaceae) Alternaria  on Achyranthes   aspera  (Amranthaceae),  Syzygium  sp. (Myrtaceae)  and Corchorus  olitoris  (Tiliaceae);  Corynespora  on Lantana  in(Verbenaceae),  Croton roxburghii  (Euphorbiaceae),  Clerodendron  sp.  (Verbenaceae);  Sirosporium  lantanae  on Lantana camera (Verbenaccae); Sirosporium  sp.  on Carico papaya  (Caricaceae); Stenella  tectonic on Tectona grandis (Verbeaceae);  Stenella  sp.  on Eucalyptus lanculatous   (Myrtaceae);  Stenella grewiae  on Grewia  elastica  (Tiliaceae);   Cercospora   sp.  on  Galycosmis pentaphyla  (Rutaceae),   Corchorus olitorius  (Tiliaceae);  Meliola  sp.  on Streblus  asper  (Moraceae);  Astrostomella  on Litsea  chinensis (Lauraceae); Acrodytis sp.  on Tinspora  malaverica  (Menispermaceae);  Passalora  sp on Eopatarium cannabinum (Asteraceae); Oidium sp on Sy:ygium sp. (Myrtaceae) and Coccinia indica (Cucurbitaceae).
Effect of Bio-Pesticide (Agroneem) on the biochemistry of kidney of Clarias batrachus
Authors: Suryavansi S. , Gaherwal S. , Prakash M.M.
Published: February 2023

In the present  study  authors studied  the effect of bio-pesticide  (Agroneem) on the biochemistry  of kidney  of Clarias  batrachus.  The  biochemical  parameters  studied  were  RNA, total  protein,  acid phosphatase,  alkaline phosphatase,  GOT and GPT. These parameters in the experimental  animal were found  decline.  The order of toxicity  of Agroneem to biochemical parameters  from higher to  lower were- acid  phosphatase  (-78.623%)<  total  protein  (-78.078%)<  alkaline  phosphatase  (-70.594%)< RNA (-44.049%)<  GPT (-39.618%)< GOT (-29.948%).  Thus on basis  of obtained    results   in  the present  investigation  it can be concluded  that 96 hrs.  exposure  of 30 ppm of Agroneem   aqueous solution  has toxic effect  and alter the biochemistry  of kidney.  Therefore,  it  is  recommended to the user of this bio-pesticide that they should be careful  about the dose they are using.
Environmental ethics: An essence for environmental protection
Authors: Chavan B. L.
Published: February 2023

With the rapid  and unplanned  industrialization  the human  society is  facing  different  environmental problems due to variety of destructing  activities.  There is  an urgent need to stop further degradation of nature or at least keep it under control. We have to decide  and choose the right  code of conduct which  calls  the  human  conscience  and environmental   ethics.  Environmental  ethics  are our  beliefs about  our social,  moral and scientific  behavior  towards the nature concerning  what  is right or what is wrong.  There  are several  approaches  to environmental   ethics.  Present  paper  deals  with certain principles  which  are recognized  as environmental  ethics.  Some ethical  justifications  are  discussed with reference to moral sense,  spiritual  thinking  and practical  utility on the grounds  of present  need and the  future  of our next  generation.
Monitoring of heavy metal (zinc sulphate) toxicity by using pollen as Indicators - Pollen of Vigna unguiculata: Further Evidence of a Criticism of Banerji and Gangulee (1937), Dharurkar (1971-Ph.D. Thesis), Nair, Nambudiri and Thomas (1973), Berg (1973),
Authors: Salgare S. A. , Gawade Suwarna
Published: February 2023

Zinc sulphate  affected  the germination  of seed of  Vigna  unguiculata   (L.)  Walp.  The treatment  of 0.1  mg/ml  of zinc sulphate  showed the adverse effect on the phenology.  It caused  decrease  in  the fertility  of pollen with  an increase  in  the  concentrations.  This proves the gametocidic  behaviour  of the  heavy  metal.  Though  it  affected  the  fertility  of pollen,  however,  none  of   the  concentration could bring down the fertility  to zero percent. Potentiality of the germinability of pollen was noted in  all the 4 series i.e.  F,  F-24, F-48,  F-72 investigated.  The heavy metal stimulated the germination of pollen of F,  F-24 and F-48 series.  All the concentrations of zinc sulphate inhibited  the germination of pollen of F-72 series as well as the  pollen tube growth of all the 4 series.  The present investigation also  shows that pollen germination and tube elongation are two different processes  differing in their sensitivity   to  different   concentrations  of the  heavy  metal.  It is  also  confirmed  that  the  pollen development and activity  are more sensitive indicators  of adverse factors in the botanical environment and the use of an entire vascular plant as an indicator of pollution is  a very crude method and rather a wrong choice.
A survey of plants used in homoeopathic pharmacy from Sirwel hills of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Mahajan S. K. , Sapru Tripti , Dulkar C. L. , Mahajan Pooja
Published: February 2023

The  present  paper  deals  with  a preliminary survey  of plants  used  in homoeopathic pharmacy   from Sirwel hills  situated  in  Khargone  district  of Madhya  Pradesh.  In all 35  angiospermic taxa  belonging to 33  genera  and 24  families  reported,  which  are used  in  this  therapy
Effect of textile effluent on chemical characteristics of Wunna river of Wardha District (M.S.)
Authors: Gandhewar S.S. , Vasudevan K. , Zade S. B.
Published: February 2023

The paper  describes  the chemical  characteristics of Wunna  River  at Hinganghat, Wardha  district  of Maharashtra  State.  Various  chemical  characteristics  such  as  BOD,  COD,  total  alkalinity,  total hardness,  total  dissolved   solids,  chloride,  sodium,   nitrate,  chromium and  iron  were  studied at  3 different  station of Wunna  River  viz.  upstream  region  (S,),  effluent mixed  region  (5,)  and  700  m away from effluent  mixed  region  (S,).    Marginal  variations  in chemical  characteristics were noticed at station  1     and 3.   However, higher values were recorded  at station  2 i.e.  effluent  mixed region.  Data analysis  indicates heavy  pollution  of eco system of the river  at the  site of release  of textile  industry waste water  ie.  S,
Pengaruh Iklan Tiktok, Kualitas Produk Dan Harga Terhadap Minat Beli Produk Scarlett Whitening Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Authors: Julia Siti , K Kamilah
Published: February 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of advertising, product quality and price on buying interest in students of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra, either partially or simultaneously. This study used a quantitative method with data collection using the Likert scale method. The subjects used in this study were 100 students of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra and were taken using purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques through the IBM SPSS statistics 22 program. The results of this study indicate that first, advertising has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention with a significant value of 0.027 <0.05. Second, Product Quality has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. Third, price has a positive and significant effect on buying interest with a significant value of 0.035 <0.05. Advertising, Product Quality and Price simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05.
Understanding Mechanisms of Herbicide Selectivity in Agro-Ecosystems: A Review
Authors: O Gwatidzo Varaidzo , Chipomho Justin , Parwada Cosmas
Published: February 2023

Weeds cause yield losses in desired crops through competition for sunlight, water, space, and nutrients. It is important to manage weeds in crop fields and aqua bodies using various management strategies. One of the most effective and efficient ways of managing weeds is through the use of herbicides. However, there is a need to understand the effects of these herbicides on the desired plants and/or the environment. Herbicide selectivity allows the application of herbicides in a field with both the desired crop and weeds. Herbicide selectivity is therefore described as, an application treatment at a given dosage that is toxic to some plant species but does not damage another species. However, many herbicides can be toxic at high dose rates even when applied to tolerant crops. There are several mechanisms of herbicide selectivity which are grouped into physiological and physical. Physical herbicide selectivity occurs when physical factors such as time, the position of application, plant morphological structure, and environment aid in selectivity. Physiological selectivity occurs when the plant species affect herbicide retention, penetration, movement, and detoxification. Herbicide selectivity is known to be a major cause of difficulties in controlling weeds. As a result, there is a need to understand how the environment, herbicides, and plants contribute to selectivity. This paper, therefore, provides insights into herbicide selectivity and how plants escape herbicide injury which enables species diversity.
Measuring the Content of 16 PAH in Plant (potato) from Bradford in the UK
Authors: Hamed Heiam
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of the PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) concentrations in a sample of potatoes from Bradford, this objective will be achieved by solvent extraction and analysis of potato samples using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The potato samples were collected from four sites in the city of the Bradford-middle north of the United Kingdom. The exact location of each sample was recorded using a Global Positioning System (GPS). In site 1 the average concentration of Benzo[b]fluoranthene was (9.82 ng/g). This compound had the highest concentrations level of the 16 PAHs in all sites, while the average (1.023 ng/g) in site 2 of the compound with the low-value Pyrene. The total concentration of 16 PAHs range was between 50.87 -78.31 ng/g.
Micropropagation of Paulownia elongata tree through Plant Tissue Culture Technology
Authors: Shaaban Ahmed
Published: February 2023

The study was carried out at biotechnology research center laboratories for the purpose of Micropropagation of Paulownia elongata tree by using plant tissue culture technique for the purpose of identifying the best plant Micropropagation conditions. The plants were sterilized superficially by immersing them in the Clorox solution, then the sterilized plants were cultured in MS media supplemented with several concentrations of (BA and Kinetin) for the purpose of obtaining the best vegetative growths. Obtained plants were also cultured in MS media supplemented with different concentrations of (IBA and NAA) for the purpose of obtaining the best root growth. Finally plants were moved for the adaptation stage. The results indicated that single-nods cultured in (MS) media supplemented with a concentration of 2 and 2.5 mg / L of (BA) growth regulator resulted in good vegetative growth represented in the number of leaves, while the best treatment of branches growth was using 2 mg / L concentration of the Kinetin (K) growth regulator but For the length of the plant, the treatment of the control achieved the best results. For the root site, the results showed that the culture media (MS) plus 0.2 mg / L of the growth regulator (NAA) resulted in the best root growth. As for the adaptation, the results showed that 85% of the plants could be adapted to the sterile environment of soil with 1: 1 size / volume before transferring them to the greenhouse.
Mycoflora Associated with Barely Grains (Hordeum vulgare L.) in the Eastern Parts of Libya
Authors: Abdullah Marei
Published: February 2023

During the harvest season (2019-2020), local variety of barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.) were collected from three different locations, Almerj, Gerdina, and Sultan; situated in the eastern part of Libya. The present experiment was performed to identify, and compare natural mycoflora associated with barley seeds among these locations, also to evaluate sodium hypochlorite’s application, as seed disinfectants against fungal contaminators. Barley seeds were surface disinfected with a 4% sodium hypochlorite for two minutes or washed only with deionized water (control) before plating on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The following parameters were recorded and calculated: seed survival (G %), fungal frequency (F), isolation frequency (IF) and fungal relative abundance (RD). Four fungal species were identified as Aspergillus niger van Tiegh, A. flavus Link (ascomycetes), Rhizopus stolonifera (Ehrenb. :Fr.) Vuill (zygomycetes), and Bipolaris australiensis (Bugnicourt) (ascomycetes). The most predominant recovered species was A. niger followed by B. australiensis, R. stolonifera, and A. flavus, (18.5%), (9.67%) (2.84%), (4.65%), respectively. Results also showed Sultan had the highest seed germination, followed by Almerj and Gerdina, 64.5 %, 44.5%, and 20.5 %, respectively. Moreover, seed’s pretreatment with sodium hypochlorite and seed’s origin had no significant effect on frequency and relative abundance of fungi.
Generating Matrices of Rotations in Minkowski Spaces using the Lie Derivative
Authors: Saad Anis
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to generate materices of rotations in Minkowski using the Lie Derivative. The calculus on manifolds in Lorentzian spaces are used to generate matrices of rotation in three-dimensional Lorentz-Minkowski space which includes one axis in timelike and the other two are spacelike axes. The findings showed that the manifolds and their calculus dramatically increased the use of Lie derivative in many branches of mathematics and physics, The findings also revealed that matrices ( of rotation) leave one line ( axis) fixed and these matrices of rotation are used widely in differential geometry in physics. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that any surfaces of revolution inside this space must be invariant under one of these matrices. The main result of this paper is a new procedure of creating rotational matrices explicitly using the Lie derivative and deriving it into a linear system of ordinary differential equaion. Solving this system leads to matrices of rotation that leaves one axis fixed in Minkowski space.
empleo protegido en España: retos para un nuevo modelo de centros especiales de empleo
Authors: Ortega Camarero Maria Teresa
Published: February 2023

Los Centros Especiales de Empleo crean empleo para las personas con discapacidad (PCD). Se aborda su situación tras la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las PCD de la Organización de Naciones Unidas. Las conclusiones corroboran su contribución a la economía social y aportan retos de un modelo cuestionado, que debe abordar aspectos como: la diferenciación de empresas de iniciativa social y privada; la mejora salarial; la relación laboral de carácter especial; los convenios sectoriales; la profesionalización de los equipos de gestión y de apoyo; la capacitación de sus plantillas y la implementación de medidas que garanticen su viabilidad futura.
Study of the Activity of Antiviral Drugs Against the Causative Agent of Chikungunya Fever in Cell Culture
Authors: Loginova S. Ya. , Schukina V. N. , Savenko S. V. , Sakharov R. V. , Borisevich S. V.
Published: February 2023

Сhikungunya  virus (CHIKV) is a member of the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family. It belongs to the zoonotic arbovirus infections transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. In humans, this ﬂavivirus causes a disease known as Сhikungunya fever, etymologically related to yellow fever, dengue, West Nile, and Zika. There is no speciﬁc treatment for Сhikungunya fever, as there is no vaccine or preventive measures to date. A comparative analysis of the eﬀectiveness of chemotherapy drugs, interferon inducers and two classes of interferon α-, β-, and γ-showed that interferon drugs eﬀectively inhibit the reproduction of CHIKV in the Vero cell culture in a wide range of concentrations. Chemotherapy drugs Triazavirin® and Ingavirin®  did not aﬀect the reproduction of CHIKV strain FN198/66 in Vero cell culture. Ribavirin® at a concentration of 100 µg/ml almost completely suppressed the reproduction of the CHIKV virus when the drug was introduced into the culture medium both before and after infection.
Probiotics and Autoprobiotics in the Treatment of Experimental Vaginitis
Authors: Ermolenko E. I. , Punchenko O. E. , Voropaeva L. S. , Swarwal A. V. , Kotyleva M. P. , Suvorov A. N.
Published: February 2023

The wide prevalence of inﬂammatory vaginal diseases in women of diﬀerent ages, a signiﬁcant deterioration in the quality of life due to their presence, as well as an adverse eﬀect on conception and the course of pregnancy make the search for more eﬃcient and safe therapy of vaginitis an urgent issue. The article presents the results of experimental staphylococcal vaginitis treatment with probiotics and autoprobiotics in rat models, including hormonized animals after ovariectomy. The eﬀectiveness of topical application of the probiotic strain E. faecium L3 in rats has been conﬁrmed. The probiotic proved to be eﬀective both in rats with a hormonized cycle and in rats with preserved ovaries. Among the tested autoprobiotic and homologous (rat) strains, the elimination of staphylococci occurred faster after the introduction of biﬁdobacterial. However, lactobacilli are more reliable in protection against the recurrence of infection. At the same time, homologous strains of both lactobacilli and biﬁdobacteria contribute to faster elimination of the pathogen compared to autostamps.
The First Experience of Combined Use of Cefepime/Sulbactam and Aztreonam in ICU Patients with Nosocomial Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms Producing Class B and D Carbapenemases
Authors: Suvorova M. P. , Sychev I. N. , Ignatenko O. V. , Burmistrova E. N. , Mirzakhamidova S. S. , Fedina L. V. , Vakolyuk R. M. , Yakovlev S. V.
Published: February 2023

Background. The diﬃculties of antibacterial therapy of infections caused by carbapenemase-producing  gram-negative bacteria are associated with limited options for adequate therapy since, in addition to resistance to carbapenems and other beta-lactams, these microorganisms are often characterized by associated resistance to other classes of antibiotics, including polymyxins. In vitro data support the idea of combined use of inhibitor-protected cephalosporins with aztreonam for the treatment of such infections. The aim of the study was to investigate the eﬀectiveness of cefepime/sulbactam (FEP/SB) in combination with aztreonam (ATM) in infections caused by class B and D carbapenemase producers.

Methods. A prospective observational study evaluated the eﬀectiveness of the combination of FEP/SB + ATM in ICU patients with nosocomial infections complicated by sepsis or septic shock caused by carbapenem-resistant pathogens with documented production of class B or D carbapenemase. The ineﬀectiveness of previous treatment and the absence of other options for adequate therapy were used as inclusion criteria. Microbiological, clinical eﬃcacy, and 30-day mortality were indicators of therapy evaluation.

Results. The study included 25 patients with nosocomial infection (76% of them was VAP), with sepsis (60%) or septic shock (40%) and an average SOFA score of 6 points caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23 patients) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2) producing carbapenemases OXA-48 (56%), NDM (20%), NDM + OXA-48 (16%), and class B carbapenemase in two strains of P. aeruginosa. The average daily dose of FEP/SB and ATM was 6.6 g, the duration of therapy was 9.9 days. As a result of the treatment, eradication was achieved in 68% of patients, clinical eﬃcacy was 72%, and the 30-day mortality rate was 28%.

Conclusion. Our results show good clinical and bacteriological eﬃcacy of the combination of FEP/SB and ATM in infections caused by extremely resistant K. pneumoniae, non-susceptible to carbapenems and producing class B or D carbapenemase.
Prospects for Phagоtherapy of Bacterial Infections Associated with the Provision of Medical Care
Authors: Daudova A. D. , Abdrakhmanova R. O. , Yasenyavskaya A. L. , Demina Ju. Z. , Rubalsky M. O. , Rubalsky O. V. , Samotrueva M. A. , Bashkina O. A.
Published: February 2023

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a global medical and socioeconomic problem. Nosocomial infections occupy one of the leading places among the causes of death in the Russian Federation. About 60–70% of all nosocomial infections are associated with the use of medical implants of various proﬁles. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, various types of streptococci, staphylococci, Escherichia coli, enterococci (Enterococcus faecalis), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and representatives of the genus Acinetobacter are highly  likely to be found  in bioﬁlms of medical supplies. A distinctive feature of microbes that cause  HAIs is poly- or even  pan-resistance of microbes to recommended antimicrobials. The search  for methods and means to overcome is a priority task of modern medicine. Phage therapy seems to be one of the logical and promising ways to combat bacteria that are resistant to conventional therapy. The article outlines the advantages and disadvantages of phage therapy, provides an overview of the successful use of mono- and combined preparations of bacteriophages in the experiment and clinic, as well as modern directions for the use of bacteriophages not only for therapeutic, but also for prophylactic purposes, based on the latest achievements of genetic engineering and biotechnology.
ANALISIS MARAKNYA PINJAMAN ONLINE (FINTECH) TERHADAP HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Sakinah
Published: February 2023

Di masa pandemi ini, banyak masyarakat yang mengalami kerugian dan memiliki masalah keuangan sehinggal hal tersebut mendorong masyarakat untuk melakukan pinjaman online. Apalagi transaksi pinjaman online ini sangat mudah diakses. Jadi, tidak perlu keluar rumah untuk melakukan transaksi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas tentang maraknya pinjaman online di masa pandemi dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap pinjaman online tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif serta sifatnya kepustakaan karena pada penelitian ini mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa untuk menarik kesimpulan dan status hukum tentang pinjaman online.
Responses to the Challenges of Perestroika and the Collapse of the Soviet Union in Moldova’s Russian-Speaking Cities
Authors: Harrington Keith
Published: February 2023

Much of the academic discussion surrounding experiences of minorities during the collapse of Soviet power in Moldova centres around Transnistria and Gagauzia. However, a significant portion of Moldova’s Russian-speaking population lived outside these regions. There is yet to be a study that addresses how Russian speakers from outside Transnistria and Gagauzia responded to the challenges of perestroika. This article shows that the Russian-speakers in three towns, Bălți, Ocnița and Basarabeasca, held similar opinions to those in Transnistria and Gagauzia. However, I argue that conflict was avoided in Bălți,
Ocnița, and Basarabeasca due to proactive measures taken by local elites, who worked hard to placate citizens in their respective towns.
Book review, DARIUS STALIUNAS și YOKO AOSHIMA, coord. The Tsar, the Empire, and the Nation: Dilemmas of Nationalization in Russia’s Western Borderlands, 1905-1915. Historical Studies in Eastern Europe and Eurasia. Volume V. Budapest & New York: Central European University Press, 2021. 400 pp.
Authors: Cusco Andrei
Published: February 2023

Book review, DARIUS STALIUNAS și YOKO AOSHIMA, coord. The Tsar, the Empire, and the Nation: Dilemmas of Nationalization in Russia’s Western Borderlands, 1905-1915. Historical Studies in Eastern Europe and Eurasia. Volume V. Budapest & New York: Central European University Press, 2021. 400 pp.
Impact of Nutrition Education Intervention Programme On Nutritional Awareness Among Pregnant Women in Ningi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. Nigeria
Authors: Ningi Aminu Umar , Abubakar Zakari , Abdulkadir Sagir , Bello Yusuf
Published: February 2023

This study assessed the impact of nutrition education intervention programme on nutritional awareness among pregnant women in Ningi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. Nigeria. The population for this study comprised of thirty-three thousand and thirty-five (33,035) pregnant women in Ningi LGA, Bauchi State. Multi-stage sampling techniques of clustered, simple random sampling, proportionate sampling and systematic sampling technique were used to select one hundred (100) participants as a sample size of the study. Quasi-experimental research design was adopted for this study. The research instrument for the collection of relevant data for this study is a researcher-developed closed-ended questionnaire which is divided into four (4) sections (A, B, C and D) on the adapted General Nutritional Awareness Questionnaire (AGNAQ) developed by Kliemann, Wardle, Jonhson, and Croker (2016). The instrument was validated by five (5) experts in the field of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Public Health and Nursing Science. Reliability index of 0.71 was obtained using split-half method of thirty (30) pregnant women who were attending ANC at the general hospital in the Birnin Kudu Local Government Area of Jigawa State and data collected was subjected to statistical test using Spearman Brown’s Prophecy Formula. Frequency count and percentage were used to describe the described the socio-demographic information of the respondents. Paired sample t-test and independent t-test was used to test formulated null-hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. The result of the study indicated that there is significant impact of nutrition education intervention programme on nutritional awareness among pregnant women in Ningi LGA, Bauchi State (t-52.723, df: 99; P<0.05); and there is significant difference between the experimental and the control groups after nutrition education intervention programme (t=-39.2, df: 98; P<0.05). It was recommended that Seminar and workshop should be organized periodically to the primary health workers on nutritional education intervention programme during ANC to improves nutritional awareness of pregnant women by optimising collaboration between primary health care agency, government, non-governmental organizations, and maternal and child health service providers.
The Clinical Manifestations of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and The Treatment Options
Authors: Karkera Shilpa , Agard Earlina , Sankova Larysa
Published: February 2023

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in females. It is important to diagnose early using the correct diagnostic criteria to ensure proper management and to reduce the long-term effects.To aggregate data on females diagnosed with PCOS and study the prevalence, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options available till date for this syndrome.A thorough literature search of PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar for data sources mentioning the symptoms and diagnostic criteria for PCOS in females to date is included in the study. A total of 61 articles were used and a total of 10 were excluded due to repetition of data or studies with sample sizes less than 70.Women clinically diagnosed with PCOS. The prevalence of PCOS was more common in woman aged 21-34 years and varied from 2.2% to 20% in different parts of the world. The most common symptoms found for PCOS were menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, weight gain, and insulin resistance. There are 3 diagnostic criteria currently being used to diagnose PCOS namely Ovulatory Dysfunction, Hyperandrogenism, and Polycystic Ovarian . The symptoms of PCOS vary greatly among women and so treatment is largely based on the presentation of symptoms and prevention of long-term effect. Therefore, the main treatment options for menstrual irregularities areClomiphene Citrate, Letrozole, Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs) a second-line therapy includes Gonadotropins, Metformin and Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD). Hyperandrogenism treatment options are Finasteride, Isotretinoin, Spironolactone and Flutamide. Simultaneously weight reduction therapy, lifestyle changes can be used to reduce a weight gain.The prevalence of PCOS is influenced the diagnostic criteria used. The Clinical presentations of PCOS vary greatly among women. Rotterdam criteria, most widely used to diagnose PCOS, include the presence of at least two of these three conditions: polycystic ovaries on ultrasound imagining; hyperandrogenism; and chronic ovulatory dysfunction. The treatment of PCOS is not specific. Lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy and some surgical approaches have been successfully used to manage the symptoms.
Efficacy of Occimum Gratissimum (Scent Leaf) On The Larvae And Adult Of Culex Quinquefasciatus
Authors: Adamu S.B. , Waziri M. A. , Jibril S. , Isah M.K. , Burra I.A.
Published: February 2023

Mosquitoes are the major vectors of diseases such as malaria, dengue, filariasis e.t.c which led to the thousands of death yearly. World Health Organisation (WHO, 2005). In Nigeria, the repellent activity of ointments formulated with Occimum gratissimum oil has been reported against Ae. aegypti and Culex quinquefasiatus mosquito (Esimone et al., 2011). Mechanical aspirator will be use to catch the blood fed female Culex mosquito and it will be introduced into a mosquito rearing cage containing a transparent rubber filled with a distilled water for egg laying. Mouse pellet will be use to feed the Larvae i.e L1, L2 and L3.Two set ups both for Smoke and scent will be set with a control experiment in each. Analysis of variance will be to compare between the two set ups for the efficacy of Occimum gratissimum
A NORMATIVE DISCOURSE ON THE PROS AND CONS OF NEW EDUCATION POLICY 2020
Authors: Chetan Kumar G.K. , Rangappa K.B. , S Suchitra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of Education should be gauged in its ability to inculcate morals, value system and skill set among the learners so as to make them an asset for the nation. Human Capital formation is going to play a very important role in development of the nation. The nation’s education system has largely remained unchanged since last 3 decades. It is to be noted that, that advent of Information communication technology which has paved way to knowledge economy has disrupted the ways in which how things are taught, how things are learnt and how things are done. In this context, to ensure our youth are endowed with skill set relevant for 21st century, revamping our education system was the need of the hour. This paper analyses the evolution of National Education Policy and the relevance of latest upgradation in meeting the needs and aspirations of young India.
A Mathematical Model for the Velocity of Thin Film Flow of a Third Grade Fluid Down in an Inclined Plane
Authors: Maysoon Hatem Hassan  , Abdel Sattar Jaber Al-Saif
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a new technique to solve a mathematical model of thin film flow of third- grade fluid in an inclined plane is presented. This technique is based on combining the homotopy perturbation method with the Laplace transform and Pade´ approximation approach. The results we obtained showed that the proposed technique has high accuracy than other classical methods to solve this model. The measurements of error are tabulated. the validity and usefulness of the new method are derived. Moreover, the influence of parameters on the velocity profile is discussed graphically.
Characteristic Scales of Complexity and Coherence within Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections: Insights from Spacecraft Swarms in Global Heliospheric Simulations
Authors: Scolini Camilla , Winslow Réka M. , Lugaz Noé , Poedts Stefaan
Published: February 2023

Many aspects of the 3D structure and evolution of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) remain unexplained. Here, we investigate two main topics: (1) the coherence scale of magnetic fields inside ICMEs, and (2) the dynamic nature of ICME magnetic complexity. We simulate ICMEs interacting with different solar winds using the linear force-free spheromak model incorporated into the EUHFORIA model. We place a swarm of ∼20,000 spacecraft in the 3D simulation domain and characterize ICME magnetic complexity and coherence at each spacecraft based on the simulated time series. Our simulations suggest that ICMEs retain a lower complexity and higher coherence along their magnetic axis, but that a characterization of their global complexity requires crossings along both the axial and perpendicular directions. For an ICME of initial half angular width of 45° that does not interact with other large-scale solar wind structures, global complexity can be characterized by as little as 7–12 spacecraft separated by 25°, but the minimum number of spacecraft rises to 50–65 (separated by 10°) if interactions occur. Without interactions, ICME coherence extends for 45°, 20°–30°, 15°–30°, and 0°–10° for B, B

ϕ
, B

θ
, and B

r
, respectively. Coherence is also lower in the ICME west flank compared to the east flank due to Parker spiral effects. Moreover, coherence is reduced by a factor of 3–6 by interactions with solar wind structures. Our findings help constrain some of the critical scales that control the evolution of ICMEs and aid in the planning of future dedicated multispacecraft missions.
The Nominal Ranges of Rocky Planet Masses, Radii, Surface Gravities, and Bulk Densities
Authors: Unterborn C. T. , Desch S. J. , Haldemann J. , Lorenzo A. , Schulze J. G. , Hinkel N. R. , Panero W. R.
Published: February 2023

The two primary observable quantities of an exoplanet—its mass and radius—alone are not sufficient to probe a rocky exoplanet’s interior composition and mineralogy. To overcome this, host-star abundances of the primary planet-building elements (Mg, Si, Fe) are typically used as a proxy for the planet’s bulk composition. The majority of small exoplanet hosts, however, do not have available abundance data. Here we present the open-source ExoPlex mass–radius–composition solver. Unlike previous open-source mass–radius solvers, ExoPlex calculates the core chemistry and equilibrium mantle mineralogy for a bulk composition, including effects of mantle FeO content, core light elements, and surface water/ice. We utilize ExoPlex to calculate the planetary radii, surface gravities, and bulk densities for 106 model planets up to 2 R
⊕ across these geochemistries, adopting the distribution of FGK stellar abundances to estimate of the range of bulk exoplanet compositions. We outline the 99.7% distribution of radii, surface gravities, and bulk densities that define planets as “nominally rocky.” Planets outside this range require compositions outside those expected from stellar abundance data, likely making them either Fe-enriched super-Mercuries, or volatile-enriched mini-Neptunes. We apply our classification scheme to a sample of 85 well-resolved exoplanets without available host-star abundances. We estimate only nine planets are within the “nominally rocky planet zone” at >70% confidence, while ∼20% and ∼30% of this sample can be reasonably classified as super-Mercuries or volatile-rich, respectively. Our results provide observers with a self-consistent way to classify broadly a planet as likely rocky, Mercury-like, or volatile-enriched, using mass and radius measurements alone.
Biological Properties of Streptococcus pluranimalium as the New Human Pathogen
Authors: Ananieva Maiia , Faustova Mariia , Loban Galina , Avetikov Davyd , Tkachenko Pavlo , Bobyr Vitalii , Dobrovolska Oksana
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: The limited amount of information available today does not fully reflect the biological properties of Streptococcus pluranimalium as a pathogen new to humans, its pathogenicity factors, and, as a consequence, the pathogenesis of diseases, which is causes
AIM: The aim of this research was to study the biological properties of S. pluranimalium, its sensitivity to antibiotics and antiseptics, as well as its adhesive properties.
METHODS: Two hundred samples were collected from the coronal pockets in patients with acute purulent pericoronitis during 2019–2021 years. Among them, five clinical strains of S. pluranimalium were isolated. Final identification was carried out using a Vitec-2compact bioMérieux automatic bacteriological analyzer. The sensitivity of the studied microbial strains to antibiotics of various groups was determined by the disk diffusion method. The adhesive properties of S. pluranimalium were determined according to the standard Brilis method.
RESULTS: It possesses typical morphological and cultural properties characteristics of the genus Streptococcus representatives. This microorganism virtually does not break down carbohydrates, but it produces arylamidases that enables it to be differentiated from other streptococci. S. pluranimalium demonstrates variable sensitivity to antibiotics; the lowest sensitivity has been found out to the second-generation fluoroquinolones. In addition, the clinical isolates studied show high adhesive properties to human red blood cells.
CONCLUSIONS: S. pluranimalium is increasingly acting as the causative agent of human infectious diseases. The information available today fully reflects the biological properties of a pathogen new to humans, its pathogenicity factors.
Potencialidade dos dados WPM CBERS 4A para a identificação da interferência antrópica em elementos do ciclo hidrológico no campus Darcy Ribeiro da UnB
Authors: Sollaci Catarina Balduino , Lima Pollyne Coutinho , Baptista Gustavo Macedo de Mello , Da Conceição Pedro Henrique Zuchi
Published: February 2023

O crescimento territorial acelerado gera impactos ambientais como o aumento de áreas impermeáveis e consequente redução da vegetação. Tais impactos afetam diretamente a qualidade e disponibilidade da água. Nesse sentido, torna-se relevante para o planejamento territorial urbano o levantamento de informações relativas aos elementos do ciclo hidrológico no contexto urbano, com objetivo de estabelecer medidas que minimizem os impactos ambientais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a potencialidade dos dados do sensor WPM do satélite CBERS 4A para a identificação das interferências antrópicas em elementos do ciclo hidrológico (interceptação, infiltração e escoamento superficial), no campus Darcy Ribeiro. Isso foi realizado, por meio da detecção dos efeitos da sazonalidade climática no comportamento da vegetação, utilizando modelos de sequestro de carbono. Foi possível diferenciar os estratos vegetativos e identificar as áreas com e sem vegetação, e quais dessas áreas possuem ou não interferências antrópicas. A vegetação arbórea demonstra menor dependência hídrica em relação à vegetação herbácea, que tem água como fator limitante. Portanto extratos herbáceos diminuem sua atividade fotossintética em períodos secos e a vegetação arbórea mantém atividade alta. Baseando-se nos resultados obtidos confirmou-se a potencialidade dos dados do satélite CBERS 4A/sensor WPM para identificação dos elementos do ciclo hidrológico.
Editorial
Authors: Aguiar Claudinei Rodrigues de
Published: February 2023

Editorial
Two new species of Sinopoda from China, with first description of the male of S. horizontalis Zhong, Cao & Liu, 2017 (Araneae, Sparassidae)
Authors: Zhang Jianshuang , Xing Yuanqian , Yang Jinghui , Yu Hao , Zhong Yang
Published: February 2023

Three species of spider genus Sinopoda Jäger, 1999 are reported from southern China. Two of them are described as new to science: S. guiyang Zhang, Yu & Zhong, sp. nov. and S. xishui Zhang, Yu & Zhong, sp. nov., both from Guizhou Province. The male of S. horizontalis Zhong, Cao & Liu, 2017 is described for the first time based on new material from type locatily, Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China. Detailed descriptions, diagnoses, photographs and a distribution map of the three species are provided.
Disponibilité des textes et performances en compréhension écrite à l’adolescence : quelle implication des fonctions exécutives ?
Authors: Potocki Anna , Chatelier Marion , Dyoniziak Yann , Pylouster Jean , Rouet Jean-François
Published: February 2023

Les définitions récentes de la lecture insistent sur la nécessaire prise en compte du contexte dans lequel se réalise cette activité. Dans cette perspective, l’objectif de cette étude était d’étudier l’influence de deux situations de lecture (lire un texte en sachant que celui-ci restera – ou non – disponible au moment de répondre à des questions de compréhension) et des stratégies de lecture qui en découlent (intégrale vs . sélective) sur les performances en compréhension d’adolescents de 13-14 ans, et d’examiner le rôle différencié des fonctions exécutives dans ces deux situations. Les résultats montrent que la disponibilité des textes interagit avec les propriétés des textes (uniques vs . multiples) et des questions (bas vs . haut niveau). Par ailleurs, les compétences exécutives semblent préférentiellement impliquées dans les situations où le lecteur garde les textes à disposition au moment de répondre aux questions, suggérant qu’une telle situation relève d’une activité de lecture plus stratégique.
Les cours d’eau internationaux et leurs utilisations en droit international
Authors: Boisson de Chazournes Laurence
Published: February 2023

L’accès et la gestion des ressources en eau posent des défis environnementaux et sociaux cruciaux auxquels le droit doit faire face. Ce dernier, corpus juris issu du XIX e siècle, a été axé à l'origine sur la réglementation des usages de la navigation et du transport à des fins commerciales, puis a fait place à d’autres utilisations au cours du XX e siècle. Des appels se font entendre pour que ces diverses utilisations des cours d’eau laissent place à la satisfaction des besoins humains essentiels et à la protection de l’environnement. La voie choisie pour l’heure est celle d’une interaction entre égalité des utilisations et primauté des impératifs humains et environnementaux. Dans ce contexte, le concept de gestion intégrée devrait retenir l’attention. Il entend prendre en compte l'ensemble des activités humaines en matière de gestion des ressources en eau et permettre, ce faisant, une nouvelle articulation des besoins et des réponses à ces besoins en matière d’utilisation équitable et raisonnable et de relations entre les diverses utilisations d’un cours d’eau.
La Commission centrale pour la navigation du Rhin
Authors: Chambas Estelle
Published: February 2023

La Commission centrale pour la navigation du Rhin est une institution emblématique, car elle a été la première organisation internationale. Son but était d’organiser le système de navigation sur le Rhin, en unifiant les droits de péage afin de faciliter les échanges et le commerce. Née au XIX e siècle, cette institution a su évoluer, d’abord péniblement, puis de plus en plus efficacement pour s’adapter aux nouveaux défis posés par la gestion d’un commun fluvial : le Rhin. Au fil du temps, cette Commission s’est consolidée malgré les guerres mondiales et a été investie d’un rôle particulièrement important au regard de l’enjeu stratégique de ce fleuve. Elle a préfiguré la gestion des communs fluviaux dont s’est aujourd’hui saisie l’Union européenne avec laquelle elle collabore désormais. Son histoire, relatée dans cet article, nous révèle ainsi que la Commission centrale pour la navigation du Rhin est une institution avant-gardiste trop méconnue.
Temporary Flexible Rods for Correction of Severe Pediatric Spinal Deformity
Authors: Kwong Jeffrey W. , Tileston Kali R. , Kaur Japsimran , Segovia Nicole A. , Imrie Meghan N. , Rinsky Lawrence A. , Vorhies John S.
Published: February 2023

Surgical correction of large, rigid scoliotic and kyphotic curves carries an increased risk of perioperative complications, such as neurological injury and excessive blood loss, compared with correction of less severe curves. Titanium temporary flexible rods (TFRs), designed for pediatric long bone fracture fixation, may be helpful as adjuncts to achieve gradual, stepwise intraoperative correction of severe pediatric spinal deformities. A retrospective review was conducted of spinal fusion cases for pediatric scoliosis or kyphosis at our institution that used TFRs as a correction technique from 2007 to 2019. Patients underwent posterior spinal fusion with predominantly pedicle screw instrumentation. Intraoperatively, a non-contoured titanium elastic nail was temporarily positioned in the screws unilaterally to achieve partial correction while the contralateral side was instrumented. Then, the TFR was removed and replaced with a permanent rod. Thirty-four patients with severe spinal deformities underwent posterior spinal fusion. Seventeen had scoliosis (mean major Cobb angle, 89.3°) and 17 had kyphosis (mean T5-T12 kyphosis, 73.8°). Idiopathic deformity was the most common etiology; neuromuscular, syndromic, and postsurgical causes contributed to the remainder of cases. All patients had Ponte osteotomies. Four patients (11.8%) had neuromonitoring alerts, 1 of which was related to insertion of the TFR; all were reversible. For patients with scoliosis, the mean postoperative Cobb angle measured 40.2° (53.6% correction). For patients with kyphosis, the mean postoperative T5-T12 angle measured 43.3° (30.4° of correction). TFRs appear to be helpful adjuncts for correction of severe pediatric spinal deformities, facilitating gradual intraoperative correction in a single-stage operation. Neuromonitoring alerts are common but reversible. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(4):234–241.]
The Opioid Risk Tool Correlates With Increased Postsurgical Opioid Use Among Patients With Orthopedic Trauma
Authors: Perry Jackson S. , Stoll Kurt E. , Allen Andrew D. , Hahn Jesse C. , Ostrum Robert F.
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to determine whether the Opioid Risk Tool (ORT), which has been validated in patients with chronic pain, relates to postoperative opioid consumption. The purpose was to investigate a tool that could help identify patients with orthopedic trauma at high risk for opioid abuse. Patients 18 to 80 years old presenting between May 2018 and August 2018 to UNC Hospitals with isolated orthopedic injuries that required surgical intervention were considered for inclusion. At 2 weeks postoperatively, the ORT was administered. At 6 weeks postoperatively, total morphine milligram equivalents (MME) was determined for each patient. Each patient was also categorized as either low risk (LR) or moderate to high risk (M-HR) based on the cumulative ORT score. Finally, opioid prescriptions provided after 6 weeks postoperatively was recorded. One hundred four patients met the inclusion criteria, and 42 completed the questionnaire. Thirty patients were categorized as LR and 12 patients as M-HR. Patients who were at M-HR consumed a significantly higher MME than LR patients (LR=406 [95% CI, 287–526]; M-HR=824 [95% CI, 591–1057];
P
=.001). Linear regression analysis showed that for each additional risk factor, opioid consumption increased by 61 MME, and approximately 58% of the variation in opioid consumption could be explained by the ORT (beta=61, R2=0.58,
P
=.02). In this study, the ORT predicted which patients would have increased opioid consumption after orthopedic trauma surgery. Each additional risk factor correlated with increased opioid use. The ORT did not predict which patients would continue to receive opioid prescriptions after 6 weeks postoperatively. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(4):e219–e222.]