bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Berpastoral Dalam Budaya Mamuleng Wale Suku Tonsea
Authors: Lumunder Epafras Mario , Pantouw Frilly Omega , Kondoy Monalisa , Manorek Indah Terok Elfatah , Oley Deby Meilina
Published: September 2024

Mapalus is a reflection of the morality of mutual cooperation in Minahasa, which involves cooperation in various aspects of life, especially in agriculture, house construction, and other social activities. This culture has been passed down from generation to generation and has become an integral part of the life of the Minahasa people. The method applied in this research is qualitative. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, which aims to describe various theories related to the content and needs of the research. The values of togetherness, helping, and solidarity contained in Mapalus and Mamuleng Wale continue to be valued and practiced in various aspects of social life, including in village development and church activities. Pastoral assistance that is integrated in the practice of
Letter from the Editor-in-Chief of The Pacific Northwest Journal of Surgery
Authors: Valenzuela Cristian D.
Published: September 2024

This is an opening editorial letter from the Editor-in-Chief regarding the aims and objectives of The Pacific Northwest Journal of Surgery.
Effect of imaginary potential energy with parity-time symmetry on band structures and edge states of T-graphene
Authors: Jiang Cui , Li Jia-Rui , Qi Di , Zhang Lian-Lian ,   Basic Department, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang 110136, China,   College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the regulatory effect of non-Hermitian mechanisms on energy spectra and edge states by applying a single- or double-layer imaginary potential with parity-time (PT) symmetry to both sides of the T-graphene ribbon. The findings indicate that the type of imaginary potential applied has a significant modulation effect on the energy band structure and localization of the system. Specifically, when an imaginary potential is applied to the outermost monolayer lattice point of the ribbon, the energy of the edge state appears in the imaginary part. For its probability density distribution, its locality changes from both-sided to one-sided locality, and becomes stronger with the increase of imaginary potential. Additionally, the PT symmetry phase transition occurs in the topologically trivial region. Notably, as the imaginary potential reaches a critical value, new imaginary-energy edge state emerges within the bulk state energy gap and also shows the phenomenon that the localization is on one side of the system. Furthermore, when double-layer imaginary potentials are applied, two different edge states will appear in the system. The first type appears in the top band and the bottom band, localized on one side of the system. The second type emerges in the middle of the second energy band and the third energy band, displaying relatively weak localization and not penetrating the energy gap. This work contributes to understanding the regulatory effect of the edge imaginary potential of PT symmetry on the physical properties of T-graphene structures.
Entomophthoramycosis of Thigh: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Kandaswamy Sruthi , Phansalkar Manjiri Dilip , Priyadharshini Gayathri , Kumar Nirmal
Published: September 2024

Entomophthoramycosis is a sporadic, slow-growing subcutaneous infection that includes two distinct clinical forms: Basidiobolus ranarum (subcutaneous) and Conidiobolus coronatus (Rhinofacial), common in tropical countries like India. A 20-year-old male presented with painless progressive swelling of the anterolateral aspect of the right thigh, with a history of Incision and Drainage (I&D) not responding to antibiotics. A clinical diagnosis of a soft-tissue tumour was made. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed a subcutaneous lesion with inflammatory changes and overlying skin changes. Core biopsy showed spindle cells. Surgeons proceeded with a wide local excision of the lesion. Histopathology {Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Grocott Methenamine Silver stain (GMS), Periodic Acid Schiff stain (PAS)} proved to be subcutaneous zygomycosis showing Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. The patient was then started on antifungal treatment followed by skin grafting. In the present case, the granulomatous inflammation was not picked up in multiple random core biopsies and hence, a wide excision was done, leading to an avoidable extensive surgery
Comparison of Transdermal Nitroglycerine Patch and Oral Nifedipine for Tocolysis in Preterm Labour: A Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Kumari Kalpana , Lari Nahid , Verma Vandana , Bano Shaheen , Gupta Vandana , Vishwakarma Soniya , Shree Pragya
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Preterm labour and delivery have a major contribution to perinatal mortality and morbidity. Tocolytic therapy reduces neonatal mortality and morbidity by prolonging gestation, allowing for corticosteroid administration and inutero transfer to a tertiary care centre. There is a need to find out better tocolytic agent that is most effective and with the least side-effects. Aim: To compare oral Nifedipine and transdermal Nitroglycerine patch to achieve tocolysis in preterm labour. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, from January 2020 to June 2021. A total of 100 women presenting with signs and symptoms of preterm labour with live singleton pregnancy and intact membranes were included. All the women were divided into Group-A (n=50) and Group-B (n=50). Group-A received oral Nifedipine 20 mg of oral initially and 10 mg Nifedipine repeated after 30 minutes if the contractions persisted. Oral Nifedipine 10 mg was repeated every six hours till contractions subsided, and a transdermal Nitroglycerin patch (25 mg) was directly applied to the skin of the abdomen in Group-B. Demographic profile, the number of patients in which tocolysis was successful, improvement in Bishop score, prolongation in gestational age, maternal sideeffects, and foetal outcomes in the form of birth weight, APGAR score, and NICU admission were recorded in both the groups on Excel sheet. Chi-square test and t-test were used to test the significance of the difference between categorical and continuous variables respectively. A p-value less than 0.05 were taken as significant. Results: In Group-A 94% (47 out of 50) achieved tocolysis while in Group-B 86% (43 out of 50) achieved tocolysis (p value0.182). The mean prolongation of pregnancy was 17.70±13.04 and 13.14±11.03 in Groups A and B, respectively. The maternal complication was significantly higher in Group-B as compared to Group-A (22% Vs 6%, p-value-0.0097). In Group-A mean birth weight was 2.422 kg ±0.34 whereas in Group-B mean birth weight was 2.204±0.38 Kg (p-value-0.0032). Conclusion: Both drugs oral Nifedipine and transdermal Nitroglycerine were found to be effective in the treatment of preterm labour.
Correlation between Pain, Disability, and Quality of Life in Young Adults with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mehendale Priti , Iyengar Madhavan , Gadhavi Bhavana , Bhatt Geeta
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain (CNLBP) is characterized by persistent pain lasting more than 12 weeks. Common contributing factors include sedentary jobs, prolonged periods of inactivity or sitting, and a lack of physical activity. CNLBP can restrict everyday activities such as dressing and bathing, potentially leading to disability and a reduction in the Quality of Life (QOL). Aim: To determine the correlation between pain, disability, and QOL in young adults with CNLBP. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2024 at the outpatient department of KJ Somaiya College of Physiotherapy. After obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee and based on the selection criteria, a total of 98 participants were included. The outcome measures utilised in the study included the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire-24 (RMDQ-24), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHO QOL BREF), and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) to assess disability, QOL, and pain, respectively. Pearson’s correlation test was employed to determine the correlation between these parameters. Results: The findings of the study indicated non-significant correlation between pain and disability (r=0.0021, p=0.4918), between pain and QOL (r=-0.0016, p=0.9872), and a negative, non-significant correlation between disability and QOL (r=- 0.1015, p=0.3196). Conclusion: The study concluded that there was no correlation between pain and disability, QOL and disability. Similarly, a negative non significant correlation was obtained between disability and QOL in young adults with CNLBP.
MÜFİDE FERİT TEK’İN AYDEMİR ROMANINDA TÜRK MİTOLOJİSİNE AİT MOTİFLER
Authors: Ekşi Ece , Çelik Yakup
Published: September 2024

Müfide Ferit Tek, II. Meşrutiyet ve Cumhuriyet Devirleri’nin aktif kadın kalemlerindendir. Millî Mücadele, kadın hakları ve siyasi konular ağırlıklı olmak üzere pek çok alan hakkında düşünce yazıları yazmıştır. Öne çıkan romanı Aydemir’dir. Bu eser tezli roman örneklerinden biridir. Romanın tezini Türk birliği düşüncesi oluşturur. Bu düşünce kurmaca vakaya dönüştürülürken Türk mitolojisinden motifler romana aksetmiştir. Bu çalışmada, romanda yer alan Türk mitolojisine ait motifler tek tek ele alınmış ve motiflerin altında yatan anlamlar ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Romanın başkişisi olan Demir ile romanın kurmaca vakası mitolojik motiflerle ilişkilendirilmiş, Türk inanışı ve düşüncesine bağlı olan Müfide Ferit Tek’in romanına yansıyan mitolojik motifleri ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda kahramana yüklenen milletinin koruyucusu ve kurtarıcısı olma özelliği; “ay”, “demir”, “bilgelik” ve “12 sayısı” sembolleri ile açıklanmıştır.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN KAPSAYICI EĞİTİME YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Karataş Ali , Hamurcu G. Candan
Published: September 2024

Kapsayıcı eğitim insanların birbirlerinden farklı özelliklere sahip olduğu bilinciyle hareket ederek tüm çocukların akranlarıyla birlikte ve onlarla aynı standartlarda eğitim alabilmesi olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmada sınıf öğretmenlerinin kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik tutumları farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veriler Erçiçek vd. (2023) tarafından geliştirilen Kapsayıcı Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Ölçek Kayseri ilindeki ilkokullarda görevli 384 öğretmene uygulanmış ve elde edilen veriler SPSS 23.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre sınıf öğretmenlerinin kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik tutumlarının aritmetik ortalamasının (x̄ = 4.01) olduğu ve bu ortalamanın yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (Erçicek vd., 2023). Buna göre sınıf öğretmenlerinin kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu belirtilebilir. Bunun dışında sınıf öğretmenlerinin kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik tutumlarının cinsiyet, yaş, kıdem yılı ve eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca kapsayıcı eğitim ile ilgili eğitim alan sınıf öğretmenlerinin eğitim almayan sınıf öğretmenlerine göre; dezavantajlı bir tanıdığı ve yakını olan sınıf öğretmenlerinin, dezavantajlı bir tanıdığı ve yakını olmayan sınıf öğretmenlerine göre ve sınıfında dezavantajlı birey olan sınıf öğretmenlerinin, sınıfında dezavantajlı birey olmayan sınıf öğretmenlerine göre kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDE YAZILAN FARSÇA BİR TEFSÎR: TEFSÎR-İ SÛRETİ’L-KADR
Authors: Kaska Çetin
Published: September 2024

Yorumlama, açıklama ve anlamını genişletme anlamına gelen tefsîrin terim anlamı Kur’ân ayetlerini izah etmek amacıyla kaleme alınan eser veya Kur’ân anlamını izah eden dinî bilim dalı demektir. Kur’ân hem konu hem de anlam bakımından çok zengin bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu yüzden iyi bir bilgiye sahip olmayan insanların ondaki bütün emir ve yasakları anlaması mümkün görünmemektedir. Bunun için İslamiyet’in ilk dönemlerden beri tefsîre ciddi manada ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Osmanlı Dönemi’nde de bu maksatla Türkçe ve Arapçanın yanı sıra Farsça tefsîr kitapları kaleme alınmıştır. Farsça tefsîr kitaplarından birini yaşamı hakkında fazla bilgi bulunmayan İbrâhîm b. Dervîş-i Buhârî yazmıştır. İbrâhîm-i Buhârî’nin bu eseri Kadr sûresinin tefsîrinden oluşmaktadır. Edebî bir tefsîr olan bu eser Osmanlı vezîriâzamlarından Semiz Ali Paşa’ya ithaf edilmiştir. Müellif eserini yazmadan önce Kadr sûresi ile ilgili yazılan tefsîr kitaplarını okumuş, dost ve arkadaşlarının arzusu doğrultusunda söz konusu sûreyi tekrar yazmayı denemiştir. Bu çalışmada Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi Ayasofya koleksiyonunda (nr. 00411) bulunan İbrâhîm-i Buhârî’nin Farsça kaleme aldığı Tefsîr-i Sûreti’l-Kadr adlı eseri ilk defa detaylı ele alınmıştır
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİ İÇİN “DİL BİLGİSİ MOTİVASYON ÖLÇEĞİ” GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: Üçoğlu Cemal , Demir Tazegül
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin dil bilgisine yönelik motivasyonlarını belirlemek amacıyla geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Kars il merkezindeki çeşitli devlet ortaokullarında 7. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 264 kız ve 236 erkek olmak üzere toplam 500 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin faktör yapısının belirlenmesi ve geçerlilik çalışması için toplanan verilere SPPS 25.0 kullanılarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve LISREL kullanılarak açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda ölçeğin iki faktörlü olduğu belirlenmiş ve temel bileşenler yöntemiyle çözümleme yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin istatistiğinin (KMO) değeri 0,919, Bartlett Küresellik Testi istatistiğinin değeri ise *χ2=6310.22; sd=1081, p
Advanced Methods in Combination Theory: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Mwangi (Chairux) Charles Irungu , Kinyanjui John Gacheru
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces novel methods and perspectives in combination theory, with a focus on the concept of choice combination. We present a new theorem for calculating choice combinations, explore its properties, and demonstrate its applications. The work extends traditional combinatorial concepts and provides insights into the structure of combinatorial sets. Our findings have potential applications in diverse fields such as probability theory, statistical mechanics, and computer science. We also introduce polynomial statements and binary polynomial statements as methods for selecting new sets from given choice combinations, and present the Chairux Binary Set Equation as a new combinatorial identity.
Advanced Techniques in Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pandit Jyotsana , Sharma Anish Kumar
Published: September 2024

The growing global need for uncontaminated water in the face of escalating pollution levels has emphasized the urgent requirement for efficient wastewater treatment. This comprehensive review explores advanced techniques in wastewater treatment, addressing the necessity for effective wastewater management due to increasing water scarcity and pollution from various sources such as households, industries, and agriculture. Despite their widespread use, conventional wastewater treatment methods frequently fail to adequately address complex and emergent contaminants. This review covers innovative approaches such as membrane filtration processes, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), electrochemical treatments, and adsorption using novel materials such as carbon nanotubes. These advanced techniques demonstrate superior capabilities in removing complex contaminants including metals, organic and inorganic chemicals, and pathogens. It also highlights the environmental benefits and potential for resource recovery and conservation offered by these advanced methods. Furthermore it underscores the potential of these advanced techniques to improve treatment efficiency, reduce operational costs, and achieve higher water quality standards, thereby contributing to sustainable water management practices.
Cadmium Remediation from Water Using Low-Cost Modified Biochar: An Approach Towards Sustainable Remediation
Authors: Pandey Diksha , Srivastava R.K.
Published: September 2024

Biochar is increasingly recognized as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cadmium (Cd²⁺), a prevalent contaminant in industrial wastewater. This study utilizes rice husk biochar to target aqueous Cd²⁺. The biochar was synthesized through rapid pyrolysis at 450°C. To enhance its Cd²⁺ removal efficiency, the biochar was modified with chitosan, using a treatment with a 2% aqueous acetic acid chitosan solution followed by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) processing. Both the chitosan-modified biochar (CMBC) and the non-modified biochar (NMBC) underwent comprehensive characterization via proximate and ultimate analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At pH 5, the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of CMBC was 134 mg/g, compared to 48.2 mg/g for NMBC at 318 K. CMBC exhibited a significantly higher Cd²⁺ removal efficiency, attributed to the introduction of amine groups from chitosan modification that enhance Cd²⁺ adsorption. The adsorption mechanisms on CMBC were further explored through FT-IR and SEM comparisons before and after Cd²⁺ uptake. The chitosan modification notably improved the Cd²⁺ adsorption capacity, which was also influenced by pyrolysis temperature; higher temperatures led to reduced biochar yield but increased porosity, surface area, and adsorption capacity. The adsorption process was pH-dependent, with a peak capacity of 161 mg/g observed at pH 5. The Freundlich model effectively described the adsorption equilibrium, suggesting contributions from both chemisorption and physisorption on the heterogeneous biochar surface. In summary, rice husk biochar, especially when modified with chitosan, proves to be a cost-effective, sustainable material for Cd²⁺ removal from aqueous solutions, enhancing water treatment efficiency through improved adsorption capabilities.
Optimization of Leaching Recovery of Zinc, Iron and Manganese from Selected Solid Waste Ashes in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Joseph Oke Temidayo , Awwal Ayowole , Omoniyi Kehinde Israel , Tochi Nkwocha Stephen , Alice Adebayo Abisola , Ayodeji Osuolale Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

The increasing environmental burden of toxic heavy metal-concentrated ash from solid waste incineration, particularly from burnt tires and contraband drugs, poses significant challenges for waste management and resource recovery. This study aims to optimize the leaching recovery of zinc, iron, and manganese from these solid waste ashes in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria, using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The ashes were analyzed for their metal content using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), with additional characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Among the leaching agents tested, hydrochloric acid (HCl) exhibited the highest efficiency, particularly under optimized conditions determined through central composite design (CCD). The optimal conditions for leaching from burnt tire ash were found to be 2.97 mol/l acid concentration, 97.7 minutes leaching time, and 68.85°C temperature, yielding recoveries of 32,009 mg/kg zinc, 4,553 mg/kg iron, and 137 mg/kg manganese. For contraband drug ash, the optimal conditions were 2.83 mol/l acid concentration, 97.7 minutes leaching time, and 68.85°C temperature, resulting in recoveries of 70.55 mg/kg zinc, 5,771 mg/kg iron, and 676 mg/kg manganese. This study successfully developed a multiple linear regression model to express the relationship between the leaching parameters and metal recovery, providing a reliable and sustainable method for metal recovery from solid waste ashes. The findings offer valuable insights into waste management practices, contributing to the circular economy and reducing the environmental impact of waste disposal.
Prevalence of Non-typhoidal Salmonella Species in Food and Stool Samples in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Edamkue Emmanuel Valentine , Ollor Ollor Amba , Monsi Tombari Pius
Published: September 2024

Aim: To assess the prevalence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella spp isolated from food and stool samples in Port Harcourt.
Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study with simple randomized sampling.
Methodology: In this study, 210 stool samples and 210 food samples collected from December 2022 to November 2023 were tested for Salmonella using standard bacteriological and biochemical tests. The Salmonella species were isolated from the samples using Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA), and Bismuth Sulfite Agar (BSA) after pre-enrichment and enrichment methods had been carried out using peptone water and Selenite F Broth after which biochemical tests were carried out for further identification. Data collected was analyzed with Graph pad prism version 8.
Results: The prevalence and distribution of Salmonella were presented in frequencies and percentages with all analysis done at a 95% confidence interval and P-values less than .05 were considered significant. From chi-square analysis there was a 3.3% prevalence rate in food samples in comparison to stool samples that had a 2.4% prevalence (P value = .56). A higher prevalence was also reported in the female subjects (3.7%) compared to the male subjects (1.0%) (P value = .19). There was a statistically significant difference in relation to the age groups with the ‘above 50’ and ‘0 – 10’ age groups having a higher prevalence (11.1% and 10% respectively) compared to other age groups (P value = .02). For the food samples, samples in the chicken category had the highest prevalence (8.7%) (P value = 0.11).
Conclusion: This study reports a relatively lower prevalence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella species at 2.9% with the age, education and occupation of the subjects being significantly associated (P value < .05) with the prevalence of the infection. Health promotion and appropriate surveillance system should be put in place to continually reduce the burden of this disease.
Herbicides Effects on Soil Functions: A Review
Authors: Michael Ikioukenigha , Abamba Esther Ejiro , Chikukula Abdulmajeed Allan , Dugeri Dooshima Rita , Ibeneme Ugochukwu Jones , Olukayode Oluwaseyi Joseph , Okpro Oghenerabome , Akpome Augustine
Published: September 2024

This review explores the impact of herbicides on soil functions, offering a detailed analysis of how these chemicals influence soil health. Herbicides, commonly used for controlling unwanted plants, often disturb the balance of soil ecosystems by altering microbial diversity, disrupting nutrient cycling, and affecting organic matter breakdown. The findings show that herbicides can either inhibit or stimulate soil microbial activities, depending on their type, concentration, and environmental conditions. While some herbicides have minimal short-term effects on soil respiration and microbial activity, others significantly reduce soil enzyme activities, slow down nitrogen mineralization, and disrupt beneficial microbial relationships, such as those involving mycorrhizal fungi. The persistence of herbicide residues in soil presents further challenges, with potential risks of contaminating soil and groundwater. It highlights the importance of using herbicides carefully, considering both their effectiveness in weed control and their long-term effects on soil health. However, the paper concludes with an evaluation of the ecological and evolutionary impacts of herbicides on soil microbial communities, calling for further research to fully understand these complex interactions.
Impact of Chalcone on Agriculture and Its Application: An Updated Review
Authors: Sharma Parul , Kaur Ramandeep
Published: September 2024

Chalcones, a distinctive group of natural compounds, have gained attention in agriculture due to their versatile biological activities. As a subclass of flavonoids, chalcones are known for their open-chain structure, contributing to their herbicidal, fungicidal, bactericidal, and antiviral properties. These attributes make chalcones promising candidates for sustainable agriculture, especially in light of increasing concerns about synthetic pesticides' environmental and health impacts. The European Green Deal 2030, which seeks to halve chemical pesticides, highlights the urgent need for alternatives like chalcones. Their synthesis has been refined over time, allowing for the development of compounds tailored to specific agricultural needs. Additionally, advanced analytical techniques, such as chromatography, are crucial in accurately identifying and characterizing chalcones, ensuring their efficacy and safety. As agriculture shifts towards more sustainable practices, chalcones are poised to become key players in reducing dependency on synthetic chemicals. They offer a natural and effective solution for pest and weed management. Their potential for broad application underscores the importance of continued research in this field.
Enhancing Yogurt Functionality through Enrichment with Cow and Soy Milk: Production and Quality Evaluation
Authors: Namballa Simritha , Sharma Komal , Mohammad Nousheen
Published: September 2024

Yoghurt is a fermented dairy product produced from cow’s milk. Soybeans are abundant, reasonably priced, and high in protein, so there has been some work done to use them to make more pleasant and acceptable food products. Although many people eat cow's milk yoghurt, others who are lactose intolerant or follow a plant-based diet could find it incompatible. However, in comparison to regular yoghurt, soy milk yoghurt does not always live up to customer expectations regarding flavor and texture, even though it is nutritionally sound. The difficult part of making yoghurt is creating a recipe that combines the health advantages of soy milk with the desired sensory attributes of cow milk yoghurt.
In the current investigation, soy milk was added to the milk of cows. The final soybean yoghurt was assessed about post-acidification modifications. The primary aim of this research is to improve the nutritional value and functioning of yoghurt by the addition of a blend of soy and cow's milk.
In keeping in mind yogurt is made out of cow milk and soy milk. Cow milk is rich in protein, calcium, vitamin D, and Potassium. Soy milk is rich in vitamins A, B, and proteins. The yogurt made out of this may have various health benefits. The study blended cow and soy milk in various proportions to create different yogurt formulations. The treatments were as follows: T1: Soy milk (200 ml) without cow milk, T2: Cow milk (200 ml) without soy milk, T3: [Cow milk (100 ml) + Soy milk (100 ml)], T4: [Cow milk (120 ml) + Soy milk (80 ml)], T5: [Cow milk (80 ml) + Soy milk (120 ml)], T6: [Cow milk (160 ml) + Soy milk (40 ml)], and T7: [Cow milk (40 ml) + Soy milk (160 ml)]. These formulations were tested to achieve a high-quality blended yogurt that is both nutritious and flavorful. Combining soy and cow's milk to enhance yoghurt is a viable way to satisfy the nutritional requirements of a wider range of customers, including those who have lactose intolerances or who choose plant-based diets. According to the study's findings, soy milk-enriched yoghurt is a competitive and enticing product on the market since it maintains the good aspects of regular yoghurt while also offering increased nutritional value. Optimising the ratio of cow to soy milk and gauging long-term customer acceptability are two potential areas for future study.
Forest Cover Change Detection Over North Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha, India Using Multi-Year Landsat Data
Authors: Senapati Rashmirekha , Rath Bama Shankar , Parapurath Fawaz , Mahanty Meera , Ghosh Argha , Meena Ankit Kumar , Pandit Ritoban
Published: September 2024

Aims: The current study's objective is to compute the forest cover dynamics using Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change detection.
Place and Duration of Study: North Eastern Ghat Zone (NEGZ) of Odisha, India over 1990 to 2020.
Methodology: Through the use of Landsat images and the Supervised & Unsupervised technique of classification, five main categories were established under LULC, viz., Agriculture, Barren Lands, Forest, Settlements, and Water Bodies.
Results: The results infer that the forest cover reduced by 20%. On the contrary, the settlements area increased by about 130%. From this we could infer that the expansion of settlements due to population hike is the primary driver of deforestation and forest fragmentation because the population growth and increased settlements accounted for 97% and 93% of the variability in forest cover dynamics, as illustrated by the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.971** for population and R2 = 0.9271** for settlement areas). Moreover, the LULC classification achieved high accuracy, with an overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of 87.5% and 0.84 respectively.
Conclusion: Therefore, by placing special focus on the aforementioned findings, we may conclude that the current study may contribute to research on forest management, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development for emphasizing the critical need to address deforestation and forest fragmentation driven by population growth.
Lactuca sativa Growth and Yield as Affected by Cashew Nut Shells Biochar, Cattle Manure and Urea in Northern and Central Benin
Authors: Sossa Elvire Line , Abderhamane Mahamat , Neino Abdoul Raouf Gondah , Bouko Nadège Donsaré Bana , Ayifimi Oladéji Jamali , Amadji Guillaume Lucien
Published: September 2024

Aims: This study aims to identify good combinations of cashew nut shell biochar, cattle manure, and urea for enhancing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) growth and yield in the North and Central regions of Benin.
Place and Duration of Study: Two agronomic trials were conducted: one in Tchaourou, Borgou department (2022), and another in Dassa, Colline department (2023).
Methodology: A Fisher experimental design with three replications was used at each site, focusing on fertilization with seven treatments, including four reference treatments (local practices) and three treatments based on the reference treatments with biochar incorporation.
Results: The results demonstrated significant improvements in plant growth parameters and yield, with the application of biochar combined with cattle manure and urea or with cattle manure only. The plants leaves number, height and yields obtained from the application of 10 t ha⁻¹ biochar + 20 t ha-1 cattle manure and 10 t ha-1 biochar + 0.025 t ha-1 urea +10 t ha-1 cattle manure were respectively at least 165 and 318%; 25 and 50%; 42 and 91% higher than those obtained under the producer's mineral fertilization practice at both sites.
Conclusion: The findings showed that integrating cashew nut shell biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers can significantly enhanced lettuce production, and thus overall vegetable crop yields while reducing the need for mineral fertilizers and dependence of cattle manure. Additionally, studying the best application methods and rates for different soil types and crop systems can help in maximizing the benefits of biochar.
Effect of Organic Manure on Growth, Yield and Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) under Prayagraj Climatic Condition in Shade Net House
Authors: Bora Anshuman Singh , Singh Devi , Tayde Anoorag R.
Published: September 2024

The present study entitled “Effect of organic manure on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) under prayagraj climatic condition in shade net house” was carried out at the experiment field of the department of horticulture, Allahabad school of agriculture, SHUATS, Prayagraj during the year 2023-2024. Organic manures treatments include T0   Control T1   FYM (12t/ha.) T2 Poultry Manure (8t/ha.) T3  Vermi-compost (10t/ha.) T4 Coco-peat (1t/ha.) T5 50% FYM +50% Poultry Manure (6t/ha+4t/ha) T6 50% FYM + 50% Vermi-compost (6t/ha + 5t/ha.) T7   50% Poultry Manure + Vermi-compost (4t/ha+5t/ha) T8 25% FYM+ 25% Poultry Manure + 25% Coco-peat+ 25% Vermi-compost (3t/ha. + 2t/ha. + 0.25t/ha+ 2.5t/ha.) The effect of Organic Manure on growth and yield of Strawberry recorded maximum plant height, plant spread and number of leaves in T8 18.89 DAT, 23.78 DAT, 18.12 DAT respectively. Floral characters significantly took minimum days. The maximum fruit weight 25.31gram were recorded in T8 with highest yield 331.32 g/plant. Quality parameters includes maximum T.S.S (8.16) 0Brix along with minimum acidity percentage (0.55%). On the basis of our experimental findings it was concluded that the treatment T8: 25% FYM + 25% Poultry Manure + 25% Coco-peat + 25% Vermi-compost (3t/ha. + 2t/ha. + 0.25t/ha. + 2.5t/ha.) was found to be best in the terms of vegetative parameters, phenological parameters, flowering and fruiting parameters, yield and quality parameters. The benefit cost ratio was highest in the same treatment with (3.50).
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Nanoparticles Using Strains of Pseudomonas and Actinobacteria
Authors: Nazma S. , Sudha T. , Biradar D.P. , Krishnaraj P.U. , Chandrashekhar S.S. , Ravikumar H.
Published: September 2024

Research was carried out at the Green Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, with a specific emphasis on the biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles using Pseudomonas and Actinobacteria. Collection and screening of Pseudomonas and Actinobacterial isolates were done at Microbial Genetics Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, UAS, Dharwad. The ZnNPswere biosynthesized and characterized through UV-Visible spectroscopy, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The ZnNPs synthesized through Pseudomonas(AUDP209) and Actinobacteria(AUDT636)isolates exhibited peak values at 365 and 374 nm, with average sizes of 48.7 nm and 54.9 nm, respectively.SEM images revealed the spherical shape of the biosynthesized ZnNPs, while EDX confirmed the zinc ions presence in the biosynthesized samples and the crystalline structure of the ZnNPswas confirmed by XRD.FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the organic compounds present in the microbial extracts responsible for the capping and stabilizing agents for biosynthesis of ZnNPs.
Role of Cattle Egrets in the Dissemination of Multi-drug Resistant Escherichia coli: A One Health Perspective
Authors: Joshi Pushpit , Joshi Namita , Joshi Rajesh Kumar , Dwivedi Pragya
Published: September 2024

This study was carried out to establish the role of cattle egrets that feed on a nearby animal farm as a possible source of MDR bacteria. A total of 50 faecal dropping samples of cattle egret were collected from cattle farm and processed in the laboratory for isolation of E. coli.  Total 45 isolates were recovered, of which 20 were identified and characterized as E. coli morphologically and biochemically. The antibiogram profile of all E. coli isolates recovered from cattle egret revealed 100% resistance to Ampicillin, Cloxacillin and Cefotaxime. Antibiotics such as Imipenem, Gentamycin, Trimethoprim, and Triple sulphas were found highly sensitive (100%) followed by Streptomycin (90%).  The Sensitivity of Norfloxacin and Kanamycin ranged between intermediate to high degree, while Polymyxin was found sensitive for 55% isolates. Multi antimicrobial resistance index of all the isolates was found to be more than 0.27 indicating a “high risk” for the community. These, MDR positive E. coli, were further subjected to phenotypic and genotypic confirmation of ESBL producers by DDST and PCR, respectively. Out of 20, 12 isolates (60%) were confirmed as ESBL producers by DDST and PCR.  PCR analysis of ESBL positive isolates revealed the predominance of bla CTX gene. All E. coli were also evaluated for pathogenicity using in vitro tests and 50% and 40% of the isolates were found to be pathogenic on the Congo red binding and hemolysis test, respectively. In the present study, the occurrence of MDR E. coli and ESBL producers in cattle egret is a cause of concern for public health and animal health.
Modulation of Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of Betel Vine (Piper betel L.) Influenced by the Fungicide Blitox
Authors: Sil Poulami , Chakravarty Arunava , Purkaystha Shampa , Chettri Punnam , Dash Goutam Kumar , Halder Shuvadeep
Published: September 2024

The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Block Design with three replications at the Plant Virus Research Station, BCKV, Kalyani, in Boroj. On betel vines, Blitox was sprayed at both double the recommended field dose (dRFD) and the recommended field dose (RFD) (50 WP/ha @ 15gm ai/6 lit). The vines were sprayed five more times at 15-day intervals beginning when they were 11.08.15 days old. Before every spray, leaf samples were taken and subjected to a number of criteria for analysis. Based on statistical analysis, the anti-oxidative characteristics improved most significantly when Blitox was administered at twice the recommended field dose (dRFD) (Blitox 50WP/ha @ 30gm ai/6 lit). Higher levels of free and total phenols, together with enhanced activity of enzymes such polyphenol peroxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), were indicators of this. Furthermore, testing for ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) revealed increased activity levels in the dRFD therapy in comparison to the RFD and control groups. Overall, these results imply that the larger Blitox dosage strengthens the antioxidant characteristics of betel vine leaves, hence enhancing their health and resistance to fungus-related infections.
Sociological and Economical Impact of Grapes Growers in Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Priyanka R.
Published: September 2024

The research examined the economic and social consequences of grape growers on one block in the Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu, involving three villages that were purposefully chosen and 120 respondents who were chosen at random. It was discovered that the participant primary source of income for subsistence was grape cultivation. A planned schedule was used to gather data in order to quantify the socioeconomic status of grape growers. According to the data, the majority (53.33%) of respondents belonged to the middle age category followed by 34.16 per cent of the respondents had the education was up to higher secondary and 30.83 per cent had middle school level. Majority (52.50 per cent) of the respondents had medium level of annual income, followed by majority of the respondents had agriculture as their main occupation for their livelihood. Majority of the farmers, or 90.83 percent, had nuclear families with fewer than five members and only 09.16 percent of those surveyed had a large family. Maximum number of respondents (82.50 per cent) had pointed out the independent decision followed by remaining 17.50 per cent of the respondents had pointed the joint decision. Majority (55.83 per cent) of the respondents belonged to small farmer category Majority of the respondents had medium level of mass media exposure and extension agency contact. Here it concluded that the overall socioeconomic condition was found be to medium range among the grape growers. The Government of Tamil Nadu's Department of Horticulture must work hard to inform grape growers about better grape varieties and cultivation practices to improve the socio-economic status.
Microbiological Assessment and Diversity of Freshly Harvested and Stored Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea): Implications for Food Safety and Shelf Life
Authors: Chiemerie Wisdom Osemudiamen , Abu Gideon O , Igbonezu Victor Nzube , Uguomore Edmond Osi , Okonkwo Philip Onyelukachukwu , Paul Abah Stephen
Published: September 2024

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) are a vital and affordable source of nutrients, providing essential proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. However, their susceptibility to microbial contamination poses significant food safety and shelf-life concerns. This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality and diversity of freshly harvested and stored peanuts, with implications for food safety and shelf life. Microbial analyses revealed that freshly harvested peanut seeds sampled from local markets in Obio-Akpor, Rivers State, Nigeria exhibited higher bacterial and fungal loads compared to stored samples, with viable bacterial counts of 5.4×10⁴ and 7.2×10⁴ cfu/g for freshly harvested seeds, and 3.2×10³ and 3.35×10³ cfu/g for stored seeds. Fungal counts followed a similar trend, with higher loads observed in freshly harvested samples (3.6×10³ and 4.0×10³ cfu/g) compared to stored seeds (1.2×10³ and 1.8×10³ cfu/g). The higher microbial load in freshly harvested peanuts was attributed to the lack of preprocessing, while the lower counts in stored samples were linked to industrial processing steps, including drying and salting, which reduce moisture content and inhibit microbial proliferation. Microbial diversity analysis identified Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Proteus sp. in both fresh and stored samples, with Serratia sp. isolated exclusively from freshly harvested peanuts and Enterobacter sp. found only in stored samples. Among fungal species, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were predominant in both sample types, while Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., and Trichoderma sp. were isolated solely from freshly harvested peanuts. Shelf-life studies demonstrated a progressive increase in microbial load over time, with higher rates observed in freshly harvested peanuts. The antibiotic susceptibility profile indicated resistance to Nalidixic acid, cephalexin, and penicillin among Gram-positive isolates, with high sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, and Clindamycin. Gram-negative isolates were generally susceptible to the tested antibiotics, except for Norfloxacin, which was ineffective against Proteus sp. and Serratia sp. from freshly harvested samples. This study underscores the importance of preprocessing, such as salting and drying, to extend the shelf life of peanuts and mitigate microbial spoilage. The findings highlight the critical role of moisture control in reducing microbial contamination, thereby enhancing food safety and extending the shelf life of peanuts. Recommendations include the adoption of preprocessing techniques for subsistence farmers and the need for timely consumption of freshly harvested peanuts to minimize microbial deterioration.
An Exponential Attractor for a Two-Temperature Phase Transition Model
Authors: BANGOLA Brice Landry DOUMBE , IPOPA Mohamed Ali , OVONO Armel ANDAMI
Published: September 2024

In this work, we investigate the finite dimensionality of an attractor of a two-temperature Caginalptype system for heat conduction. In order to prove that the global attractor is of finite dimension, we can use the volume contraction method, show the existence of an inertial manifold or an exponential attractor. The volume contraction method is not applicable because it requires a certain differentiability of the associated semigroup, which is not possible to obtain for our system. Similarly, the construction of an inertial manifold relies on the so-called spectral gap condition, which is a very restrictive condition. For all these reasons, we show that the global attractor of the system is of finite fractal dimension by proving that the system has an exponential attractor.
Prognosis Factors of the Co-Presentation of ARDS and Sepsis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Brown Stephanie M. , Thwe Hla Myo , Goswami Roshan , Bravo Tania M. Cobena , Iyanuoluwa Ademilua Oluwatobi , Ferguson Frederick , Chilaka Maryfortune Ugoeze , Sultana Shaheen , Durrani Shazia Noreen , Ogunro Ayodele Paul , Aguda Kayode , Azipu Regina , Ezewudo Onyinye , Obiefuna Ngozika Grace , Gopal Shwetha , Echere Jovita
Published: September 2024

Background: The co-occurrence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis presents a critical challenge in critical care medicine. ARDS involves diffuse alveolar damage, leading to severe hypoxemia, while sepsis entails a dysregulated host response to infection, resulting in systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors to ARDS and sepsis co-presentation, highlighting its significance in clinical scenarios, often leading to severe respiratory compromise and increased mortality risk. The findings offer original insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic strategies that could inform future research and clinical practices.
Methods: This systematic review adheres to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria cover studies on ARDS and sepsis co-presentation (2014–2024), diverse designs, human participants, and English articles. Electronic searches (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) utilized MeSH terms and free-text. Manual searches ensured comprehensive exploration. Two reviewers screened titles/abstracts and conducted full-text eligibility assessments. Data extraction involved a narrative synthesis, focusing on study outcomes, strengths, and limitations. Results were organized into tables for clarity.
Results: Of 1624 studies, 343 duplicates were removed. 1281 studies underwent title/abstract screening, with 149 assessed for eligibility. 138 studies were excluded, yielding 11 included studies. These studies, involving 4086 patients, utilized diverse methodologies. Mortality risk, molecular phenotypes, immune responses, potential biomarkers, and fluid management strategies were identified. Limitations included study heterogeneity and biases.
Conclusion: This systematic review provides nuanced insights into ARDS and sepsis co-presentation. The originality of this review lies in its identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic avenues, which may contribute to refining clinical approaches and informing future research. Despite valuable findings, limitations exist in study methodologies and challenges in establishing causality. The review underscores the need for ongoing updates and emphasizes the importance of prospective, multicenter studies with standardized methodologies for robust evidence and improved clinical practices.