bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuevos registros del Oso Andino Tremarctos ornatus (Carnivora: Ursidae) en Cerro Pintao, Serranía del Perijá, sur de La Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Ayazo Roger , Flórez-Carrillo Víctor , Murillo Leidys , Jiménez Larry
Published: September 2020

En esta nota se reporta un nuevo registro de campo de la presencia de Tremarctos ornatus en Urumita, sur de la Guajira, frontera con Venezuela. El reporte está representado por el hallazgo de heces frescas en un sector boscoso del Cerro Pintao. Adicionalmente, documentamos algunos registros anecdóticos de avistamientos de la especie por pobladores locales en el municipio de Villanueva. Estos avistamientos se hicieron fuera de los límites del Parque Natural Regional Cerro Pintao, se necesitan más datos y más esfuerzo de campo para reevaluar los límites de esta área protegida.
Colección de Mamíferos, Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Salle del Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (CSJ-m)
Authors: Zurc Danny , Bustamante Andrea , Arbeláez Rendón Estefanía , Alzate-Zapata Oscar S.
Published: September 2020

La Colección de Mamíferos del Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Salle (CSJ-m) alberga 1226 ejemplares de mamíferos pertenecientes a 12 órdenes, 37 familias, 89 géneros y 146 especies (6 exóticas). Los ejemplares proceden de 19 departamentos del país y 5 países extranjeros. La colección es la más antigua del departamento de Antioquia y la segunda más antigua de Colombia después del Museo de La Salle, Bogotá.
Colección de Mastozoología del Museo de La Salle – Bogotá (MLS)
Authors: Cruz Rodríguez Cristian Alexander , Cárdenas Julieth Stella
Published: September 2020

La colección de mastozoología del Museo de La Salle – Bogotá (MLS) alberga 2540 ejemplares de mamíferos pertenecientes a 17 órdenes, 71 familias, 236 géneros y 389 especies. Los ejemplares proceden de 26 departamentos del país y algunos del extranjero. La colección es la más antigua de este tipo en Colombia y contiene el mamífero colombiano más antiguo depositado en colecciones de nuestro país, colectado en marzo de 1903 en Rio Negro, Antioquía.
Mamíferos silvestres de la Reserva Natural Hacienda San Pedro, municipio de Maceo, Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Londoño Juan David , Villamizar Ana Isabel , Arroyave Andres , Sanchez Angie , Betancourt Laura , Carvajal-Zapata Alejandra , Angel Alejandro , Celis Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

La región Andina en Colombia alberga al menos 192 especies de mamíferos silvestres. No obstante, es una región altamente transformada, así que el establecimiento y monitoreo de reservas es fundamental para el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad. Realizamos el inventario de los mamíferos silvestres de la Reserva Natural Hacienda San Pedro, Maceo, Antioquia. Se registran 40 especies pertenecientes a ocho órdenes y 17 familias. Se encontraron especies amenazadas y endémicas como Saguinus leucopus, Aotus griseimembra, Notosciurus pucheranii y Proechimys crysaeolus. El ensamblaje del sitio presentó especies frecuentes de la región del Magdalena Medio, así como de los Andes Centrales. Esperamos que este trabajo sea un aporte a las prácticas académicas que se llevan a cabo en la reserva y que resalte su aporte a la conservación de los mamíferos silvestres a nivel regional.
Punzones de hueso de Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) de un depósito arqueológico del Posclásico temprano en la costa de Jalisco, México
Authors: Cupul-Magaña Fabio G. , Mountjoy Joseph B.
Published: September 2020

Se describen punzones elaborados con huesos metapodiales de venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) encontrados en el sitio arqueológico Arroyo Piedras Azules (1215 de nuestra era) del centro occidente de México. Se especula que fueron utilizados para fabricación de vestimentas, uso en telares o perforaciones corporales.
Dante Quinterno en apuros. Cómo el tehuelche Patoruzú siguió al marinero Popeye en su salto del cómic a la pantalla
Authors: Poggi Sofia
Published: September 2020

Este artículo estudia la historia y características del traspaso mediático del personaje Patoruzú de las historietas al cine de animación, en Argentina, en comparación con un caso similar: Popeye en los Estados Unidos. Si bien Popeye tuvo un éxito muy grande que afectó a varias generaciones de espectadores, Patoruzú solo pudo materializarse, en su momento, en un único cortometraje, titulado Upa en apuros. Se reflexiona sobre el contexto histórico que llevó a la producción del corto, los motivos de su fracaso comercial y las cuestiones estéticas inherentes al cambio de formato. Además, se analiza en contexto el tema y los motivos que se presentan en el corto.
Talent Development Practices and its implications on Leadership Quality in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania
Authors: Mashala Yusuph Lameck , Kisumbe Lazaro Alman
Published: September 2020

Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania are expected to fuel growth respond timely to the demands of the community; they should, therefore, ensure that the working capital is ready to embrace changes and can functionally as well as behaviorally take on key roles as effective strategic leaders. This study investigated the effect of talent development practices on leadership quality in LGAs in Tanzania. The study collected data from seventy- two (72) respondents from three LGAs (Kigoma Municipal, Kasulu and Mkuranga District Councils) through questionnaires. Data were analysed, using SPSS and presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. The overall findings suggested that training and development, employee engagement, leadership development, and employee sourcing positively affect leadership quality in LGAs. The study maintained that LGAs should have a characterized talent development strategy, which can be executed adequately to enhance talent progression.
Rhodolith holobionts are not sources of fixed nitrogen in a northeastern Gulf of Mexico patch reef
Authors: Cissell Ethan C , Kranz Sven A , McCoy Sophie J
Published: September 2020

Rhodoliths provide numerous benefits to coastal ecosystems and help support high biodiversity. No study, however, has explored rhodoliths that occupy northeastern Gulf of Mexico patch reefs, and their contributions to local ecosystem function remain uncharacterized. Here, we employed
the acetylene reduction assay to assess nitrogen fixation capability in rhodolith holobionts (Lithothamnion spp.; Rhodophyta), sediment, and surrounding seawater from a subtropical patch reef ecosystem in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. We found no evidence for nitrogenase activity
in rhodolith holobionts or seawater from our study site, while nitrogenase activity in sediment underlying rhodoliths was approximately equivalent to a nitrogen fixation rate of 0.521 (SD 0.087) nmol N2g dry mass–1 hr– 1. Our results suggest that
rhodoliths in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico rely on sources of nitrogen from sediment nitrogen fixation or water column nutrient availability rather than the activity of symbiotic diazotrophic microorganisms. Functional analyses recognizing rhodoliths as holobionts warrant further investigation
to better understand the ecology of rhodoliths.
Compliance Assessment of Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) At Point Of Sale in Ahmedabad
Authors: Sharma Radhika S , Aroor Bhagyalaxmi , Patel Nirali , Narendrakumar R , Dave Archi
Published: September 2020

Background: “Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA)” has been formulated to control tobacco epidemic. This study was conducted to assess level of awareness of COTPA among vendors and compliance at point of sale. Methods: In cross-sectional study, one of the areas of central zone was selected randomly. Vendors selling tobacco were interviewed and all point of sales observed for practice of COTPA. Results: Out of 117 vendors,71 (60.68%) were aware of only two components of COTPA such as tobacco should not be sold to/by minor and there is a pictorial health warning label. Only 6 (5.13%) shops displayed board regarding “No sell of tobacco to minor.” 24 (20.51%) shops were located within 100 yards of educational institute. Implementation of section 5 (Prohibition of brand promotion of all tobacco products) of COTPA act has been observed in all. For the non-compliance, only 19 (16.23%) vendors were fined. Conclusion: There is need for creating awareness about COTPA among vendors. Strict implementation by authority for non-compliance needed as study observed poor level of awareness and action.
Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge About Rickets in Primary Health Care Centers in Saudi Arabia Based on Health Belief Model and Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Alahmadi Alaa , Aljaloud Hind , Bawazir Amen , Jradi Hoda , Alhaidari Renad , Alofi Eyad
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Rickets is considered a significant health issue affecting children especially infants and toddlers. Despite the development affordable and accessible of a health care system in Saudi Arabia, Saudi children had a high prevalence of rickets. This study aims to assess knowledge and awareness of mothers about rickets after short interventional program based on the health belief model and social cognitive theory.

METHODS: A Quasi-experimental design pre-posttest type was carried out by using self-administered questionnaire. A sample size of 180 mothers who attended the well-baby clinic in primary health care centers in Riyadh and Medina Region were consented and then enrolled in the study. The questionnaire focused on 7 domains; demographic information and the other 6 domains based on health believe model and social cognitive theory.

RESULTS: The mean scores of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health belief model constructs (susceptibility, severity, benefits) significantly increased. The mean score and the percentages of knowledge and health belief model constructs show changes between pretest and post test result with statistical significant (27.9% in knowledge and self-efficacy, 34.9% in perceived susceptibility, 54.5% in perceived severity, 25.9% in perceived benefits, 11.7% in perceived barriers and 5.4% in cues to action) all were with a p-value of less than 0.05.

CONCLUSION: Educational intervention based on social cognitive theory and health belief model were effective in improving knowledge, awareness and practice related to preventive behaviors of rickets.
Preventions of HIV/AIDS Transmission from Mother to Child in Pematangsiantar City, Indonesia
Authors: Simangunsong Dame Evalina , Sianipar Kandace , Purba Juliani
Published: September 2020

Prevention of the HIV/AIDS transmission from mother to child should be a focus of common concern, considering that this effort is an effective and broad-impact strategy in suppressing maternal and infant mortality and is an indicator of the degree of public health in a country. Community Health Center with the Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) service in Pematangsiantar has not fully provided the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT). Therefore pregnant women still refuse to undergo HIV screening. In these circumstances, Pematangsiantar will potentially have an increase in the number of cases. In realizing the vision of health education institutions to integrate the promotion of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) for pregnant women, this research has studied the perception of pregnant women in the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission from mother to child. So that the appropriate intervention strategy in suppressing the spread of HIV/AIDS can be done. The research type is quasi-experiment with the population in this study was all pregnant mothers who refused to undergo HIV screening at the time of the ANC, 194 people. Data analysis is processed with T-Test and conducted to view differences in the behavior and perception of pregnant women's beliefs against the transmission of HIV/AIDS after the intervention. The result showed there is an increased difference in the value of behavioral indicators and the health confidence of pregnant women after home visits. It is advisable to approach strategies with personal counseling, peer-Education, and home visits in the nets of pregnant women with HIV.
Desafios no uso de metodologias ágeis de gestão de projetos em órgãos públicos: um estudo de caso da Receita Estadual do Paraná.
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Alberto de , Zych Denilson Roberto , Oliveira Jair De , Michaloski Ariel Orlei
Published: September 2020

As administrações públicas têm enfrentado cobranças sociais e políticas para melhorar seu desempenho e o gerenciamento de projetos é uma ferramenta a qual ajuda no atendimento a essa demanda. Os métodos tradicionais de gerenciamento de projetos aparentam potencializar alguns riscos de insucesso, que podem ser mitigados por meio de metodologias ágeis. Entretanto, a adoção dessas metodologias pela administração pública brasileira ainda é tímida. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar a aplicabilidade das metodologias ágeis no setor público brasileiro e identificar seus maiores desafios. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um estudo de caso de um projeto ágil conduzido pela Receita Estadual do Paraná. Além de observação e análise documental, aplicou-se um questionário estruturado. Primeiramente, buscou-se extrair as percepções dos entrevistados sobre as técnicas ágeis quanto ao seu impacto positivo ou negativo no desempenho do projeto. Em seguida, foram apresentados os principais problemas e desafios para a adoção de metodologias ágeis no setor público, procurando identificar os mais críticos. Os resultados do estudo (1) indicam que as maiores dificuldades enfrentadas são os problemas com relação aos prazos, a falta de conhecimento e experiência da equipe sobre a metodologia, as incertezas sobre o papel dos patrocinadores e aspectos relacionados à comunicação no projeto, e (2) sugerem que as abordagens Scrum e Kanban melhoraram as perspectivas de sucesso do projeto. Esse artigo contribui para as pesquisas de práticas ágeis no setor público e apoia seus praticantes no enfrentamento dos desafios mais relevantes.
AWT - Assistive Web Tool
Authors: Da Silva Cícero , Santana Fernando , Da Silva Thiago
Published: September 2020

As tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) tornaram-se primordiais na vida das pessoas, tanto para trabalho quanto para lazer. A acessibilidade a essas tecnologias preocupam entidades padronizadoras da internet, como a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), ainda assim encontramos na internet páginas inacessíveis, que prejudicam pessoas com deficiência, que a utilizam para estudo e trabalho. As limitações dos leitores de tela ao acessarem essas páginas em desacordo com as linhas guias propostas pela W3C e órgãos governamentais, prejudicam a usabilidade do cego. A AWT - Assistive Web Toolé uma ferramenta que converte páginas de sítios eletrônicos para exibi-las de forma adequada a pessoas com deficiência visual.
Código-fonte ou Casos de Teste: onde e a quem devem?
Authors: Loiola Diogo , Santos Alcemir
Published: September 2020

Dívida Técnica (DT) se referem às tarefas por fazer durante desenvolvimento e evolução de testes, a exemplo dos TODOs esquecidos pelo código. É possível identificar esta DT através da mineração de comentários. No entanto, as soluções identificadas consideram o repositório como um único artefato e desconsideram as diferenças entre os artefatos de código-fonte e casos de teste. Neste artigo resolveu-se explorar esta diferença. Utilizou-se a ferramenta EXCOMMENT para minerar dívidas em repositórios de código aberto. Após as analises, concluiu-se que existe diferença na frequência dos tipos de DT, mas há um padrão quanto à distribuição dos tipos de DT.
Predição de Evasão Utilizando Técnicas de Classificação: Um Estudo de Caso do Instituto Federal do Ceará
Authors: H. Filho Fernando , Siqueira Diogo , Leal Bruno
Published: September 2020

A evasão escolar tem se consolidado ao longo do tempo como uma das principais problemáticas presentes nas instituições de ensino nacionais e internacionais. A literatura elenca inúmeras causas e fatores que podem vir a justificar uma evasão discente e várias ações já foram e vêm sendo propostas no intuito de tentar minimizar os índices de evadidos. O presente artigo encara a evasão escolar como um problema de classificação e, baseado nesta premissa, tem como objetivo propor uma abordagem para predição de evasão de discentes, utilizando os principais classificadores de aprendizagem de máquina, a partir de dados previamente coletados, levando em consideração o estudo de caso do campus Paracuru do Instituto Federal do Ceará (IFCE).
Utilização de aprendizagem de máquina para a identificação de dependência em aparelhos celulares com foco em casos que possam causar reprovação e evasão
Authors: Santos Gabriel , Dos Santos Felipe , Rocha Aline , Da Silva Thiago
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho introduzir os problemas causados pelo uso excessivo dos celulares na sociedade moderna, e mostrar que eles podem causar problemas escolares aos alunos que o usa de forma demasiada. Para isto fizemos uma integração da tecnologia com o uso de uma área da inteligência artificial, o aprendizado de máquina, com dados de uma base de dados específica. Para a tarefa proposta foram usados os classificadores Naive Bayes, AdaBoost, SVM, Bagging e Random Forest, ao final dos testes o classificador SVM apresentou o melhor desempenho no contexto geral.
Tree is Life: uma aplicação no auxílio da restauração de conflitos entre arborização e equipamentos urbanos
Authors: Amaral Savio , De Abreu Lizandro , Dos Santos Felipe
Published: September 2020

Devido aos problemas desencadeados pela falta de planejamento na arborização urbana, este trabalho objetiva por meio do uso da tecnologia auxiliar a população e os órgãos competentes na manutenção dessas problemáticas de forma prática e eficiente. O estudo foi desenvolvido em três etapas e mostra a ferramenta intitulada de Tree Is Life como método tecnológico na proposição de melhorias na arborização. A aplicação se mostrou como um suporte de suma importância no combate aos conflitos existentes entre equipamentos urbanos e a arborização de logradouros públicos, além de apresentar diversas vantagens em relação a apps semelhantes.
Selbstbestimmt teilhaben in Altenpflegeeinrichtungen
Authors: Bleck Christian , Schultz Laura , Conen Ina , Frerk Timm , Henke Stefanie , Leiber Simone , Fuchs Harry
Published: September 2020

Elderly residents of nursing homes do not only have the right to receive high-quality medical and nursing care, but also and explicitly to lead an autonomous life that enables them to partic-ipate in society. This right is not least stipulated in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The application-based research project ‘Autonomous Participation in Residential Care Facilities for the Elderly’ analysed the prerequisites for realising elderly residents’ autonomous participation in their nursing homes. Within the framework of a sequential mixed methods study, the researchers conducted interviews with such residents, their relatives and care home staff, participatory observations in selected nursing homes and an online survey throughout North Rhine-Westphalia. As a result, they were able to identify factors which facilitate and restrict such participation from the perspectives of the residents, staff and the care home itself for the first time, and thus stipulate important requirements for the facilitation and implementation of participation within a framework model.
Edith Stein’s Conception of Human Unity and Bodily Formation
Authors: McNamara Robert ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

The problem of human unity lies at the heart of Edith Stein’s investigation of the structure of human nature in her mature works. By examining her resolution of this problem in Der Aufbau der menschlichen Person and Endliches und ewiges Sein, I show how Stein incorporates two teachings of Thomistic anthropology—namely, the rational soul as principle both of substantial unity and of bodily formation—while reinterpreting the meaning of these teachings through performing a fresh phenomenological investigation. Although this investigation leads Stein to propose a conceptually different explanation of human unity and bodily formation than that given by Aquinas, I argue that this difference should not be understood as if Stein and Aquinas stand squarely opposed on these important anthropological questions, but rather that Stein’s proposal lies in decisive continuity with the received teachings of Aquinas even while it represents an expanded conception of these teachings that also includes some contrast and disagreement.
Taken Out of Context: Defending Civic Education From the Situationist Critique
Authors: Ben-Porath Sigal , Dishon Gideon
Published: September 2020

Situationists have suggested that educational efforts to improve character and instill virtues should be abandoned, as individuals’ behavior is predicted by contexts and situations rather than by character traits. More recently it has been suggested that civic education and especially the effort to cultivate civic virtues are ineffective for similar reasons and should be replaced by the introduction of desirable social norms and institutions. After surveying the debate on this topic in the first part of the essay, we suggest that in fact virtues should not be judged as existing within one person and absent from another based on their behavior in a single instance. Rather, virtues should be understood as composite and probabilistic and therefore strengthening them is a valuable endeavor. In considering civic virtues specifically we argue that the social and public nature of their expression make schools excellent contexts for cultivating and practicing democratic civic virtues. Even the best institutional structures of a well-functioning democratic society rely on the compliance of virtuous citizens, and the situationist preference for desirable social norms is implicitly predicated on virtuous citizens to institute and follow those norms. Moreover, civic education in a democracy strives to cultivate more than compliance with norms of conduct. It aspires to nurture youth who see themselves as responsible to, and capable of shaping the norms of the society in which they live. We thus incorporate some of the insights from situationism into a revamped view of civic education.
Creating Transformative Spaces in Education: Facing Humanity, Facing Violence
Authors: Todd Sharon
Published: September 2020

This paper considers the difficulties that accompany projects in education variously configured around a multicultural or intercultural label, particularly when they are built upon, for example, idealised conceptions of humanity, notions of the common good and dialogue, or ideas of recognition.  My premise here is that, while such idealisations may be constructed with the best of intentions, they occlude discussions of how to face the violent realities that can also be part of social interaction. My focus here is on the existential conditions that frame our encounters with other people, and how such existential concerns lead us to confront more openly the violence that can inhere in such encounters. Beginning from this existential position, I argue, actually invites alternative ways of formulating transformative work in education, namely a focus on the present. Secondly, I turn to explore the transformative spaces created by performance artist Marina Abramovic, and how her projects reveal what we are up against existentially when it comes to facing humanity in the here and now, in all its messiness. And, finally, I make the suggestion that an education committed to the existential conditions of facing humanity can be built on a reconceptualization of conversation, as opposed to dialogue. Here I argue that conversation offers the kind of potential for transformation in its open-endedness and anarchic sensibilities.
Philosophy for Children Meets the Art of Living: A Holistic Approach to an Education for Life
Authors: D'Olimpio Laura , Teschers Christoph
Published: September 2020

This article explores the meeting of two approaches towards philosophy and education: the philosophy for children (P4C) approach advocated by Lipman and others, and Schmid’s (2000) philosophical concept of Lebenskunst (the art of living). Schmid explores the concept of the beautiful or good life by asking what is necessary for each individual to be able to develop their own art of living and which aspects of life are significant when shaping a good and beautiful life. One aspect of Schmid’s theory is the practical application of philosophy through the notions of Bildung, (self-) refection, prudence and practical wisdom, as well as the requirement for each individual to take responsibility for actively shaping their life as an artwork. In this sense, each person is the artist responsible for living their own beautiful life. We argue that there are some useful parallels between Schmid’s concept of the art of living and P4C, such as the ideal of a holistic philosophy that is “lived”. The pragmatic approach of P4C focuses on the embodied learner who practices critical, caring and creative thinking. Both P4C and Schmid’s theory are reminiscent of the Aristotelian notion of practical wisdom (phronesis), which allows for an approach to an education for life that prepares (young) students to develop their own art of living. We also critically discuss tensions arising between these two concepts.
Envisioning the Experience of Others: Moral Imagination, Practical Wisdom and the Scope of Empathy
Authors: Fletcher Natalie M.
Published: September 2020

The concept of empathy has gained appeal in many educational initiatives in recent years, notably in the charitable sector, yet conceptual confusions endure and the challenges associated with educating for empathy tend not to receive the attention they deserve. This article strives to help clarify the concept of empathy for educative purposes by examining one such challenge—conceived as "narrow empathetic scope"—drawing on central ideas from neo-Aristotelian virtue theory. The article explores the ways in which moral imagination, as a precursor to empathy, may be uniquely able to assist with the cultivation of practical wisdom in children since it enables them to visualize contexts they have not yet encountered and broaden the moral lens through which they approach and assess their lived experience. The article will also present the Philosophy for Children model as an effective pedagogical method for cultivating the virtue of empathy through morally imaginative dialogue.
Respect With Recognition? A Defence of the OCSTA’s “Respecting Difference” Policy
Authors: Jordan Michael Robert
Published: September 2020

Philosopher Lauren Bialystok argues that some of the ideas within Ontario’s Catholic trustees’ document entitled ‘Respecting Difference’ fail to respect homosexual Catholic schoolchildren. I argue that Bialystok’s argument is unsuccessful because she begs at least three questions.
Indexical Ways of Knowing: An Inquiry Into the Indexical Sign and How to Educate for Novelty
Authors: Campbell Cary
Published: September 2020

In this paper, I propose that the indexical sign can be used to derive a model for active (touching-and-feeling) learning. The implicit processes involved in the subtle reading of indices contain explanatory possibilities for understanding how students adapt to novelty in the learning process. Besides looking at how indexicality functions in human ontogeny and cognition, I will also examine the human capacity for modeling our world through aggregations of systems of representations (Sebeok, 1994). Modeling systems (with their implicit recognition that the human is a semiotic animal) help us to conceptualize how novelty is assimilated in the learning process. I posit that how we come to terms with new experiences (and new stimuli generally) is of an indexical nature. I am specifically referring to the site where "the new" comes from the outside (like a rain cloud signaling the coming storm) and acts upon us. We can recognize the rain cloud as an experiential pattern (as a semiotic entity) or not; the rain is still going to bear down on us regardless of the success of our interpretations. This existential realness of indexical signs is precisely their power to function as a pedagogical tool, to help us assimilate and accommodate to novel stimulus. The concept of modeling helps us conceptualize the process in which the new stimulus is absorbed and integrated into our cultural/semiotic systems. In short, this paper aims to explore what I call the indexical rub of learning; that initial friction or resistance felt when meeting a new experience. My hope is that this exploration can aid in the cultivation of a mindset in teachers, students and researchers that does not fear this resistance, but can use it to propel positive absorption (in the Deweyian sense) and engaged learning.
Assessment or Surveillance? Panopticism and Higher Education
Authors: Hyslop-Margison Emery , Rochester Ramonia
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we explore Jeremy Bentham’s panopticon and consider its possible contribution to understanding more fully the impact of current assessment protocols and practices within higher education. More pointedly, we ask the following question: Are the plethora of assessment practices within higher education actually designed to improve student academic experience, or are they instead mechanisms of surveillance intended to control, dominate and invoke paranoia among university workers? In response to this question, we argue that the prevailing preoccupation with assessment in U.S. universities is motivated less by a genuine desire to enhance the actual academic experience of students than it is to offer hegemonic interests a psychological instrument of control to eliminate potential dissent over neo-liberal and managerial class imposed policies. To illustrate our central claim, we first review some general details of Bentham’s panopticon. Secondly, we briefly discuss Foucault’s analysis of the panopticon and consider his accompanying postulate on the tendency of individuals to self-regulate their behavior according to externally imposed and monitored expectations. We also examine in greater depth the relationship between the panopticon and the Lacanian gaze, with a focus on considering the latter’s psychological impact. Finally, we contend that the prevailing obsession with assessment in universities is a mechanism of institutional control that hinders rather than enhances the academic quality of contemporary higher education by limiting the scope of academic dialogue, social imagination and democratic structural critique.
Quelle éducation à la raison aujourd'hui?
Authors: Simard Denis
Published: September 2020

Quelle éducation à la raison dans le monde d’aujourd’hui, pour le monde d’aujourd’hui? Telle est la question centrale de ce texte, qui procède en quatre temps. Après avoir montré que la raison s’entend de diverses manières dans la tradition éducative occidentale, et pris acte ensuite des effets combinés de la critique de l’humanisme universaliste rationaliste, l’auteur propose de fonder cette éducation sur une approche herméneutique et pragmatique de la raison et se montre en particulier sensible à l’interpellation politique qui loge au cœur de la question de l’éducation à la raison. Cette interpellation politique sera caractérisée sous sa forme démocratique moderne. Dans une société démocratique, l’éducation à la raison doit viser l’acquisition de la capacité à discuter, laquelle prend appui sur l’articulation des trois opérations fondamentales de la pratique du langage : la rhétorique, l’herméneutique et la poétique. L’auteur conclut en insistant sur le lien nécessaire entre l’éducation et le politique.
Awaiting Education: Friedrich Nietzsche On the Future of Our Educational Institutions
Authors: Allen Ansgar
Published: September 2020

The republication of Nietzsche’s lectures “On the Future of Our Educational Institutions” invites reconsideration of Nietzsche’s thought on education. Though there is much in these lectures that might appeal to those struggling for the future of the humanities, or for the future of education more generally, I argue against their use in the attempted redemption of the humanities or education. Consideration of “Schopenhauer as Educator”, published two years later, brings out Nietzsche’s growing hostility to education. Education in modernity is a lost cause, Nietzsche argues. It is beyond redemption because (1) true teachers can no longer be found and (2) we are almost incapable of educating ourselves. At best we might attempt to educate ourselves against the age, which includes the challenging task of educating against our selves. From this position, which holds out little hope for the future of education as it is currently configured, if the modern educator has any functionality left, it is to serve as a symptom of decline.
Location, Location, Locution: Why it Matters Where We Say What We Say
Authors: Ruitenberg Claudia W.
Published: September 2020

This paper addresses educators’ responsibility for the discourse (including their own and others’) that circulates in educational settings. This issue tends to arise especially with hurtful language and other discursive acts that have negative effects, and that require an apology, correction, or some other kind of remedial discourse. The paper frames this “discursive responsibility” as particularly contingent on location, arguing that when educators address their own or others’ discourse, the response needs to be at a level of publicity that is the same as, or as similar as possible to, the discursive act it responds to.
The End of Education? Nietzsche, Foucault, Genealogy
Authors: Allen Ansgar
Published: September 2020

This paper considers the end of education and the demands it makes upon us. It argues that the feared end of education, underpins, and unduly shackles reflection on the current crisis of education. As a spectral, abysmal prospect, it both fetters and stimulates educational critique, mobilising critique to the support of a cause it cannot question because it is committed to its rescue. In a time of crisis, we find ourselves tied only more firmly to education, forced to express or enact our faith in educational redemption. Drawing from the work of Friedrich Nietzsche and Michel Foucault, a contrasting, genealogical critique of education is imagined, one that might defer the impulse of educational redemption and defy the limits on thought currently imposed. A genealogy of education is outlined that would strip education of its dignity, and thereby challenge its dominion. The necessary incoherence of such an approach is explored.
The questions of territorial jurisdiction of advocating for the election or extension of pre-trial detention
Authors: Kravchenko Oleg Aleksandrovich , Fedorov Roman Valer'evich
Published: September 2020

Accurate determination of the place of preliminary investigation indicates adherence to the principle of legality in criminal proceedings and the achievement of goals on the protection of rights and lawful interests of the affected parties, as well as on protection of individual from wrongful and unfounded accusations and restrictions of their rights and freedoms. Science addresses the general questions pertaining to determination of the place of preliminary investigation, but does not give due attention to realization of discretionary powers of the higher investigating authority to determination of the place of preliminary investigation. The article reveals the essential conditions for application of such power by the investigating authority, and analyzes case law for compliance with these conditions. The conclusion is made that legislation does not contain clear and specific rules for determination of the place of preliminary investigation, including the territorial jurisdiction of advocating for the election or extension of pre-trial detention. The author describes the flaws in legal regulation associated with the possibility of determination of jurisdiction of a case in administrative proceedings, by means of law enforcement decision prior to the emergence of legal situation (for example, before  submission of a request for the election or extension of pre-trial detention) by lowering the rank of investigating authority, for example to district level. From the practical perspective, elimination of such flaws should facilitate the proper application of the corresponding legal norm, as well as accurate determination of the place of preliminary investigation.
On the relevant questions of usage of information technologies for preventive purposes in oversight activity of the executive branch of government
Authors: Smirnova Ekaterina Nikolaevna
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the legal norms regulating the usage of digital technologies in oversight activity of the executive branch of government, as well as law enforcement practice of utilization of digital technologies for preventive purposes in oversight activity of the executive branch of government. The object of this research is the social relations establishing in the process of digitalization of the prevention of violations of mandatory requirements. The author examines such aspects as usage of artificial intelligence in prevention of violations of mandatory requirements, as well as analyzes the implementation of “digital control” preventive purposes of oversight activity of the executive branch of government. The main conclusions of the conducted research consists in determination of positive experience from implementation of digital technologies for preventing violations of mandatory requirements, as well as in proposal of the new ways of using digital technologies for improving the effectiveness of implementation of preventive vector of oversight activity. The author also revealed a number of problems that may arise in case of close integration of digital technologies into preventive vector of oversight activity. The novelty consists in the fact that this article is first to explore the question of digitalization of prevention of violations of mandatory requirements, analyze the prospects of usage of digital technologies, as well as outline the “problematic” aspects of the phenomenon under consideration.
Critical information infrastructure of the People’s Republic of China: peculiarities of legal regulation in the area of ensuring information security of the financial-banking sector
Authors: Gorian Ella
Published: September 2020

The object of this research is the legal relations emerging in regulation of critical information infrastructure with regards to ensuring information security of the financial-banking sector of the People’s Republic of China. Characteristic is given to the Law on Cybersecurity, acting and developing draft bills of the People’s Republic of China in the area of security of critical information infrastructure. The author examines the peculiarities of regulation of relations in the sphere of critical information infrastructure and their role in ensuring cybersecurity of financial-banking sector. Factors affecting formation of the national mechanism of ensuring security of critical information infrastructure are determined. For the purpose of acquiring most accurate scientific results, the author applies legal-dogmatic approach, hermeneutic and synergetic methods of scientific cognition. Despite the numerous existing and developing sources of legal regulation of critical information infrastructure, the normative mechanism of ensuring its security is characterized by interrelatedness, and reflects overall character of the regime of China’s digital policy. The Law on Cybersecurity of the People’s Republic of China establishes the general norms, as well as draft bills – special norms; and the standards contain high-tech methodical recommendations that allow clarifying possible ambiguity of general and special norms. However, even within the limits of this mechanism is observed a partial overlap of responsibilities, including in the financial-banking sector, which complicates the process of identification of objects and determination of subjects of critical information infrastructure. Establishment of the mechanism is also perplexed by the need of simultaneous achievement of goals in the spheres of national security and economy, particularly in opposition during talks with the United States, which promotes policy of economic expansion onto China’s market, using tariff and nontariff measures as the levers of pressure.
L. N. Tolstoy’s “epic poems” as a factor of distorted reflection of epos in the Russian epic poetry, pedagogy and art of the late XIX – early XX century
Authors: Mironov Arsenii
Published: September 2020

This article makes an attempt to determine semantic and value distinctions of epic poems written by L. N. Tolstoy for pedagogical project “Azbuka” (an alphabet book) from authentic epic songs of the Russian people, as well as trace the influence of Tolstoy’s interpretation upon the reception of epos in the Russian educates society of the late XIX century. Substituting the epic Niola with the titanic “working man” Mikula, Tolstoy corrects the original concept of the epic poem by counterpoising Svyatogor and Mikula Selyanovich, reflecting the social class conflict of aristocracy and the commoners. The poetic tale of Lev Tolsytoy “Volga and Mikula” presents his ideal of the peaceful worker, who does not resist the evil of the provider, and whose work and meekness hold the society together. This ideal advances the previously unfamiliar to Russian epic consciousness values: sacralization of agricultural work, avoidance of military life and governance of the state, as well as exclusive value of peasant origin. Tolstoy’s image of the “working man” was received is chrestomathies of F, Buslaev and A. Galakhov, works of V. Avenarius, M. Vrubel, K. Balmont and N. Roerich.
Hippocampus: the heritage of ancient bestiary in the images of theatricalized action and art objects of the XVI century
Authors: Tiuteleva Sofia
Published: September 2020

This article presents the results of research of text sources associated with the image of Hippocampus or seahorse in the European culture of antiquity of the early modern age. The author examines the use of this image of Roman culture and adaptation of this character by modern arts in accordance with the Roman patterns. Within the framework of this research, the author uses not only the visual sources, but also other cases of depiction of the image of Hippocampus. Emphasis is made on impersonation of the image of Hippocampus in art objects and images of theatricalizes performances of the XVI century. The work employs semiotic and complex methods of research, as well as traditional methods of art history, historical and formal analysis. The analysis of similar cases allows observing the whole picture of the sources of formation of various form of European art of modern age. Special interest for the author presents impersonation of the image of Hippocampus in modern theatricalized performances as one of the attributes of sea deities, as well as the instances of its application.
Application of statistical methods in studying personality of people with disabilities
Authors: Budyakova Tatyana Petrovna , Baturkina Galina Viktorovna
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the question of balance in application of quantitative and qualitative methods of research in studying the problems of inclusive education and personality with special educational needs. The goal is to demonstrate that the use of qualitative methods gives objective results even on the small sample of persons under test. The novelty consists in proving the fact that qualitative methods of research have substantial priority in examination of inclusive problems of inclusive personality. The conducted empirical research illustrated that it is possible to effectively identify coping strategies for the students with limited health conditions as well as normotypical, using the autobiographical method on the small sample of persons under test. Analysis of the problems of inclusive education oriented towards considering inclusive needs of the students with disabilities can be efficiently realized using the methods that do not suggest studying the large array of information and wide range of participants of the research. The absence of quantitative data processing in qualitative research of inclusive education is not considered a shortcoming of such research.  
On the structural and semantic peculiarities of interrogative sentences with negation in English and Chuvash languages
Authors: Ignateva Tatiana
Published: September 2020

This article represents a comparative study of structural and semantic peculiarities of interrogative sentences with negation in modern languages. The solution of the problem of interrelation and mutual influence of the categories of interrogation and negation in non-cognate languages is of undeniable interest. The relevance of this work is defined by insufficient research on the topic of interrogation and negation in the sentences from comparative perspective, namely with Chuvash language. The goal consists in determining the meaning of negation in interrogative sentences and the impact of the means of negation in Chuvash language compared to English language. The language of English and Chuvash fiction literature served as the main factual material for this study. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that based on the example of sentences with negation, the authors demonstrate that the structural and semantic peculiarities of such sentences are not specific to the English language, but rather common to many languages, including Chuvash; there are nuances that depend on the history of development and structure of a particular language. The results acquired from comparative analysis of the structure and semantics of interrogative sentences with negation in non-cognate languages provide the necessary material for future elaboration of the problems of speech culture and literary translation.
Evolutionary history of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) demethylation enzyme DmdA in marine bacteria
Authors: Hernández Laura , Vicens Alberto , Eguiarte Luis E. , Souza Valeria , De Anda Valerie , González José M.
Published: September 2020

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an osmolyte produced by oceanic phytoplankton and bacteria, is primarily degraded by bacteria belonging to the Roseobacter lineage and other marine Alphaproteobacteria via DMSP-dependent demethylase A protein (DmdA). To date, the evolutionary history of DmdA gene family is unclear. Some studies indicate a common ancestry between DmdA and GcvT gene families and a co-evolution between Roseobacter and the DMSP-producing-phytoplankton around 250 million years ago (Mya). In this work, we analyzed the evolution of DmdA under three possible evolutionary scenarios: (1) a recent common ancestor of DmdA and GcvT, (2) a coevolution between Roseobacter and the DMSP-producing-phytoplankton, and (3) an enzymatic adaptation for utilizing DMSP in marine bacteria prior to Roseobacter origin. Our analyses indicate that DmdA is a new gene family originated from GcvT genes by duplication and functional divergence driven by positive selection before a coevolution between Roseobacter and phytoplankton. Our data suggest that Roseobacter acquired dmdA by horizontal gene transfer prior to an environment with higher DMSP. Here, we propose that the ancestor that carried the DMSP demethylation pathway genes evolved in the Archean, and was exposed to a higher concentration of DMSP in a sulfur-rich atmosphere and anoxic ocean, compared to recent Roseobacter eco-orthologs (orthologs performing the same function under different conditions), which should be adapted to lower concentrations of DMSP.