bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the community dependence on natural resources in Nyungwe National Park and the contribution of revenue sharing through integrated conservation and development projects
Authors: Imanishimwe Ange , Niyonzima Theophile , Nsabimana Donat
Published: July 2020

Rwanda Development Board (RDB) has recently established a tourism Revenue Sharing Scheme (RSS) to create a win-win approach in protected areas for effective biodiversity conservation and management. Through this scheme, around 1 billion Rwandan francs wereinvested to support around 152 Community Based Conservation Projects (CBCs), and integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs). This paper assessed the contribution of CDCs projects around Nyungwe National Park (NNP) by evaluating their efficiency and effectiveness, and their socioeconomic impact to the local community development. Secondary data about the revenue sharing projects and the amount of money allocated to each project were collected from RDB office. Primary data were collected through the interview and focus group discussions. To verify the findings from RDB, interview and focus group discussion (FGD) were used. Interview was done with 500 households of local people around Nyungwe National Park and with community conservation wardens, while threats to NNP were verified by the consultation of reports from ranger based monitoring officers. The results showed that the value of resources collected by people from the park is higher than the revenue sharing support offered by RDB as (31.3 %) of respondents mentioned that exotic tree species were stolen and sold as poles where one pole was sold at around 6,800 Rwandan francs and 38.6 % of respondents proven that mining gave the much income. and consequently the revenue sharing scheme did not significantly reduce threats to biodiversity and its impact around NNP.A small percentage of people are happy because they were supported but a big number becomes unhappier and threaten the Park due to the gap in creating a win-win situation in biodiversity conservation. We recommend the revision of the whole revenue sharing scheme, taking into account the cost of livelihoods of community surrounding the park.Keywords: Efficiency, Effectiveness, Integrated Conservation, Development Projects, Revenue Sharing Scheme
In Silico Studies on Structural Function of Melanin Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 Through Docking Approach, Towards Designing Drug for Treating Obesity
Authors: Dieudonne Mutangana , Narcisse Musafili , Gaetan Nyurahayo Jean , Jean Pierre Munyampundu
Published: July 2020

Melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 is a G-protein coupled protein receptor expressed in the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta, part of the nervous system that regulates feeding behavior and energy homeostasis. It is involved in the stimulation of appetite, this was seen when synthetic MCHR1 or MCH was administered to mice and it resulted in induced obesity due to the enhanced feeding. Many researchers have successfully find out the functions of several proteins, using computational approach. It is in this context that in this study the structural function of melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 through docking studies has been done to make sure that those who are working to address the problem of obesity while trying to discover the effective drugs gain much insight about this receptor. The in silico methods have been used to predict the model of melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1. The template used for model prediction was human delta opioid receptor with the accession number 4N6H. The predicted model has been evaluated and found to be of good quality. Docking was done to investigate the interaction between the ligand; a bifunctional peptide ‘1-oleoyl-r-glycerol’ and the predicted model of melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 which showed that fourteen residues interacted between the predicted model and ligand. Among interacting residues, it was realized that some of them are involved in sugar metabolism. Thus this study suggests a potential candidate for drug design against cancer and diabetes.

Keywords: obesity, MCHR-1, docking, structural function, 3D structure, phylogenetic analysis, interacting residues
Conference Abstract
Authors: Mundy P.J.
Published: July 2020

No Abstract.
LAS INSTITUCIONES FINANCIERAS Y SU APORTE AL SECTOR MICROEMPRESARIAL ECUATORIANO
Authors: Cedeño-Alcívar Leiry , Bravo-Santana Verónica
Published: July 2020

El presente estudio se realizó con la finalidad de comprobar la incidencia que han tenido las instituciones financieras al sector micro empresarial del país. En el cual por medio de una ardua investigación de carácter histórica documental se evidenció como estas instituciones han aportado a este sector económico en particular, a través del diseño de un sistema que se denomina microfinanzas, el cual es muy accesible para personas con negocios o empresas pequeñas. La rentabilidad anualizada (tasa activa implícita) del microcrédito para el sistema financiero fue de 15,26%, destacándose que la tasa más alta entre los subsistemas que registraron importante participación en este segmento (bancos privados, cooperativas y banca pública), fue el de la banca privada con un rendimiento de 21,93% (4,17 puntos por sobre el rendimiento del sistema financiero); 3,41 puntos por sobre el rendimiento del Subsistema de Cooperativas y 11,21 puntos por sobre la rentabilidad del subsistema de la banca pública. De esta manera contribuyendo al desarrollo productivo nacional. Las micro y pequeñas empresas (MIPYMES) desempeñan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo nacional, debido a que contribuyen de manera significativa a los objetivos económicos y sociales de un país. Ecuador obtuvo un total de 899.208 empresas, de las cuales 816.553 corresponden a microempresas, representando el 90,81% del total de establecimientos. En el sector económico, las tres provincias con mayor participación empresarial son Pichincha con un 23,75%, Guayas con el 18,95% y Manabí con 8,75%, y dentro de sus actividades, los servicios poseen una aportación nacional del 42,66%, seguidos del comercio con el 34,93% y la agricultura, ganadería silvicultura y pesca con un 10,38%; el restante 12,03% corresponde a industrias manufactureras (8,38%), construcción (3,43%) y la explotación de minas y canteras (0,22%).

Palabras clave: instituciones financieras, aporte, microfinanzas, MIPYMES, desarrollo productivo.
Üst Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonu Geçiren Çocuklarda Tamamlayıcı ve Alternatif Tedavi Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi
Authors: HAZIR Yurdagül , BOZKURT Gülçin
Published: July 2020

Giriş: Hemşireler üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu geçiren çocuklarda kullanılan tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi yöntemlerinin etkisini bilmeli, ebeveynler ve toplumu bilgilendirmelidir. Amaç: Üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu geçiren çocuklarda kullanılan, tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi uygulamalarını incelemektir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma, Mayıs-Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul’un bir ilçesine bağlı, bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini bu Aile Sağlığı Merkezinde üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanısı almış 236 çocuğun ebeveyni oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından literatür taranarak hazırlanan anket formu ile elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışma grubundaki ebeveynlerin %95.8’i anne ve yaş ortalaması 33.38 ± 6.56 idi. Çocuk üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu geçirdiğinde, ebeveynlerin %86’sının tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi uyguladığı belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin %92.1’i ilaç tedavisinden önce tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi yöntemlerini kullanmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin %95.1’i tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi yöntemlerinden yararlandığını bildirmiştir. Ateşi düşürmek için ebeveynlerin %68.6’sı tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi yöntemlerini kullanmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin öksürük (%66.9) ve boğaz ağrısı (%41.1) için sıklıkla bitki çayları verdiği belirlenmiştir. Annenin eğitimi arttıkça tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi kullanma oranının azaldığı saptanmıştırr (β = .32). Sonuç: Üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu geçiren çocukların ebeveynlerinin büyük çoğunluğu tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi uygulamaktadır. Ebeveynler çoğunlukla tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi yöntemlerini ilaç tedavisinden önce kullanmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin eğitimi arttıkça tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi kullanma oranları düşmektedir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Gelecekte Çocuk Sahibi Olmaya İlişkin Düşünceleri ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ŞİMAL Nurgül , GURSOY Elif
Published: July 2020

Giriş: Çocuk sahibi olmak sosyo-kültürel, psikolojik ve ekonomik boyutları olan çok yönlü toplumsal bir olgudur. Amaç: Araştırma, farklı sosyo-demografik özelliklere sahip üniversite öğrencilerinin gelecekte çocuk sahibi olma düşüncesi ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak yapılan araştırmanın evrenini, Eskişehir’de bulunan bir üniversitede öğrenim gören 9.208, örneklemini ise 712 son sınıf öğrencisi oluşturdu. Veriler, Ocak–Şubat 2019 tarihleri arasında veri toplama formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde frekans, ortalama ve ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %77.9’unun ileride çocuk sahibi olmak istediği saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin sahip olmak istediği çocuk sayısı ortalama 2.18’dir ve istenen çocuk sayısının cinsiyete göre farklılık göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin gelecekte çocuk sahibi olma düşüncesini etkileyen faktörler arasında ilk üç sırada psikolojik iyilik, soyun devamı ve bireysel karar verme geldiği saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin gelecekte çocuk sahibi olma düşüncesini etkileyen faktörler ile cinsiyet, aile tipi, en uzun süre yaşadıkları yer arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunurken; anne ve baba eğitim durumu ile fark bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin gelecekte çocuk sahibi olma düşüncesi üzerinde etkili olan faktörlerin başında çocuğun psikolojik yönü, soyun devamı ve kişilere ait bireysel tercihin geldiği saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğunun ekonomik özgürlüğe kavuşmadan çocuk sahibi olmak istemediği belirlendi. Geniş aile tipine sahip ve en uzun süre yaşadığı yer köy olan öğrencilerin daha fazla sayıda çocuk sahibi olmak istedikleri, erkek çocuk algısını daha yoğun yaşadıkları ve soyun devamı açısından çocuğun önemine daha çok inandıkları saptanmıştır. Çalışmada kır-kent ayrımı belirgin şekilde ortaya çıkarken, anne-baba eğitim durumlarının çocuk sahibi olma isteği üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Chromium-Dependent Effect on Oxidation Behavior of Ni-Fe-Based Superalloy for Ultra-Supercritical Steam Turbine Applications: Influence of Temperature and Pure Steam
Authors: Xu Yaxin , Lu Jintao , Li Wenya , Yang Zhen , Gu Yuefeng
Published: July 2020

Three Ni-Fe-based superalloys with 16 wt% to 18 wt% Cr were designed for steam turbine components in advanced ultra-supercritical power plants. The oxidation behavior of these alloys was evaluated at 750°C to 850°C for 1,000 h to explore the chromium-dependent effect on the oxidation behavior in static air and pure steam. The results reveal that the oxidation rate of the alloys decreased as the Cr content increased in both the air and steam environment. However, such a beneficial effect of Cr was found to be temperature-dependent, which became less significant when the exposure temperature increased from 750°C to 850°C, leading to the formation of an additional NiFe2O4 layer and severe internal Al2O3/TiO2 oxide. The impact of temperature and pure steam on the oxidation resistance of the alloys were discussed based on the calculation of critical Cr concentration.
Hey You! Let’s Talk. Dialogue-Initiatives Revisited for Wayfinding Instructions
Authors: Krieger Pauline , Kattenbeck Markus , Ludwig Bernd , Helmbrecht Johannes , Giannopoulos Ioannis
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This paper presents Human-Computer Interaction design guidelines for interactive wayfinding assistance systems which provide on-line route instructions. These design suggestions are based on a corpus of human-to-human, on-line, landmark-based route instructions in German language which were gathered by means of an in-situ study involving pairs of participants. Based on the description of this collection, which is made publicly available, an in-depth analysis of the corpus is presented: This analysis reveals the importance of establishing Common Ground through existential-presentative constructions which have, up until now, not been taken into account in presenting route instructions to users of pedestrian navigation systems. These syntactical constructs provide the empirical ground for two important design suggestions: Systems should, first, ask for explicit feedback whether a salient object is recognised by users before referring to this object in a route instruction. Second, a mode of negotiating Common Ground once it was lost should be implemented, which can be initiated by the user. The results reveal the importance of the state-tracking capabilities of wayfinding assistance systems.
Window Operators for Processing Spatio-Temporal Data Streams on Unmanned Vehicles
Authors: Werner Tobias , Brinkhoff Thomas
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Unmanned aerial and submersible vehicles are used in an increasing number of applications especially for data collection in misanthropic environments. During a mission, such vehicles generate multiple spatio-temporal data streams suitable to be processed by data stream management systems (DSMS). The main approach of a DSMS is limiting the elements of a stream by using sliding and tilting windows with time intervals as temporal condition. However, due to varying vehicle speed and limited on-board resources, such temporal windows do not provide adequate support for spatio-temporal problems. For solving this problem, we propose a set of six new spatio-temporal window operators in this paper. This set comprises of sliding distance, tilting distance, tilting waypoint, session distance, jumping distance and an area window to limit stream elements based on spatial conditions. Each of the listed operators provides an individual behaviour to support sophisticated applications like spatial interpolation and forecasting. An evaluation based on an example trajectory shows the benefit of the presented operators for spatio-temporal applications.
Spatial Data Lake for Smart Cities: From Design to Implementation
Authors: Kafando Rodrique , Decoupes Rémy , Sautot Lucile , Teisseire Maguelonne
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we propose a methodology for designing data lake dedicated to Spatial Data and an implementation of this specific framework. Inspired from previous proposals on general data lake Design and based on the Geographic information – Metadata normalization (ISO 19115), the contribution presented in this paper integrates, with the same philosophy, the spatial and thematic dimensions of heterogeneous data (remote sensing images, textual documents and sensor data, etc). To support our proposal, the process has been implemented in a real data project in collaboration with Montpellier Métropole Méditerranée (3M), a metropolis in the South of France. This framework offers a uniform management of the spatial and thematic information embedded in the elements of the data lake.
Two-dimensional monitoring of air pollution in Madrid using a MAXDOAS-2D instrument
Authors: Garcia-Nieto David , Benavent Nuria , Borge Rafael , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Trace gases play a key role in the chemistry of urban atmospheres. Therefore, knowledge about their spatial distribution is needed to fully characterize the air quality in urban areas. Using a new Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAXDOAS)-2D instrument, along with inversion algorithms, we report for the first time two-dimensional maps of NO2 concentrations in the city of Madrid, Spain. We found good agreement between the MAXDOAS-2D mesoscale observations and the in-situ measurements provided by Madrid´s air quality monitoring stations. In addition to vertical profiles, we studied the horizontal gradients of NO2 in the surface layer by applying the different horizontal light path lengths in the two spectral regions included in the NO2 spectral analysis: ultraviolet (UV, at 360 nm) and visible (VIS, 477 nm). Finally, we also investigate the sensitivity of the instrument to infer vertically-distributed information on aerosol extinction coefficients and discuss possible future ways to improve the retrievals.
The synergistic impact of ENSO and IOD on the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in observations and climate simulations - an information theory perspective
Authors: Pothapakula Praveen Kumar , Primo Cristina , Sørland Silje , Ahrens Bodo
Published: July 2020

Abstract. El-Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are two well-know temporal oscillations in the sea surface temperature (SST), which both are thought to influence the interannual variability of the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR). Until now, there has been no measure to assess the simultaneous information exchange (IE) from both ENSO and IOD to ISMR. This study explores the information exchange from two source variables (ENSO and IOD) to one target (ISMR). First, in order to illustrate the concepts and quantification of two-source IE to a target, we use idealized test cases consisting of linear as well as non-linear dynamical systems. Our results show that these systems exhibit net synergy (i.e., the combined influence of two sources on a target is greater than the sum of their individual contributions), even with uncorrelated sources in both the linear and non-linear systems. We test IE quantification with various estimators (the Linear, Kernel, and Kraskov estimators) for robustness. Next, the two-source IE from ENSO and IOD to the ISMR is investigated in observations, reanalysis, three global climate model (GCM) simulations, and three nested, higher-resolution simulations using a regional climate model (RCM). This (1) quantifies IE from ENSO and IOD to ISMR in the natural system, and (2) applies IE in the evaluation of the GCM and RCM simulations. The results show that both ENSO and IOD contribute to the ISMR interannual variability. Interestingly, significant net synergy is noted in the central parts of the Indian subcontinent, which is India's monsoon core region. This indicates that both ENSO and IOD are synergistic predictors in the monsoon core region. But, they share significant net redundant information in the southern part of Indian subcontinent. The IE patterns in the GCM simulations differ substantially from the patterns derived from observations and reanalyses. Only one nested RCM simulation IE pattern adds value to the corresponding GCM simulation pattern. Only in this case, the GCM simulation shows realistic SST patterns and moisture transport during the various ENSO and IOD phases. This confirms, once again, the importance of the choice of the GCM in driving a higher-resolution RCM. This study shows that two-source IE is a useful metric that helps in better understanding the climate system and in process-oriented climate model evaluation.
An integrated observation dataset of the hydrological-thermal-deformation
dynamics in the permafrost slopes and engineering
infrastructure in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor
Authors: Luo Lihui , Zhuang Yanli , Zhang Mingyi , Zhang Zhongqiong , Ma Wei , Zhao Wenzhi , Zhao Lin , Wang Li , Shi Yanmei , Zhang Ze , Duan Quntao , Tian Deyu , Zhou Qingguo
Published: July 2020

Abstract. There exists a narrow engineering corridor across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) with widely distributed slopes, called the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor (QTEC), where a variety of important infrastructure is concentrated. These facilities are the transportation routes for people, materials, energy, etc. from mainland China to Tibet. From Golmud to Lhasa, the engineering corridor covers 632 kilometers of permafrost containing the densely occurring Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Highway, and power/communication towers. Slope failure in permafrost regions, caused by permafrost degradation, ground ice melting, etc., and affects the engineering construction and permafrost environments in the QTEC. We implement a variety of sensors to monitor the hydrological-thermal deformation between the permafrost slopes and permafrost engineering projects in the corridor, and the aforementioned sensors are densely located on or around the permafrost slopes. In addition to soil temperature and moisture sensors, the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were adopted to monitor the thermal deformation spatial distribution and changes. An integrated dataset of hydrological-thermal deformation in permafrost engineering and slopes in the QTEC between 2014 and 2019, including meteorological and ground observations, TLS point cloud data, and RGB and thermal infrared (TIR) images, can be of great value for estimating the hydrological-thermal impact and the stability between engineering and slopes under the influence of climate change and engineering disturbance. The dataset and code were uploaded to the Zenodo repository and can be accessed through https://zenodo.org/communities/qtec, including Meteorological and ground observations at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764273 (Luo et al., 2020e), TLS measurements at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764502 (Luo et al., 2020b), UAV RGB and TIR images at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764280 (Luo et al., 2020c), and R code for permafrost indices and visualization at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3766712 (Luo et al., 2020d).
Extreme storm tides in the German Bight (North Sea) and their potential for amplification
Authors: Grabemann Iris , Gaslikova Lidia , Brodhagen Tabea , Rudolph Elisabeth
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Storm tides are a major hazard for the German North Sea coasts. For coastal protection and economic activities, planning information on the probability and magnitude of extreme storm tides and their possible future changes is important. This study focuses on the most extreme events and examines whether they could have become more severe under slightly different conditions while still remaining within physical plausibility. In the face of a limited number of observational data on very severe events, an extensive set of model data is used to extract most extreme storm tide events for locations in the German Bight, in particular Borkum and the Ems estuary. The data set includes water levels and respective atmospheric conditions from a hindcast and future climate realizations without sea level rise describing today's and possible future conditions. A number of very severe events with water levels exceeding those measured near Borkum since 1906 are identified in the data set. A possible further amplification of the highest events is investigated by simulating these events for the North Sea with different phase lags between the astronomical tide given at the open model boundaries and the wind forcing. It is found that superposition of spring tide conditions, different timing of the astronomical high water and atmospheric conditions during the highest storm event would cause an enhancement of the highest water level up to about 50 cm. The water levels of the two highest events from the data set are used to analyse the effects in the Ems estuary using a high-resolution model of the German Bight. Additionally, the influences of an extreme river runoff and of sea level rise are studied. The extreme river runoff of 1200 m3 s−1 increases the highest water levels by several decimetres in the narrow upstream part of the Ems estuary. This effect diminishes downstream. The sea level rise increases the water level in the downstream part of the Ems estuary by the amount applied at the model boundary to the North Sea. In the upstream part, its influence on the water level decreases. This study may serve as a first step towards an impact assessment for severe storm tides and towards implications for coastal zone management in times of climate change.
Aerogeophysical characterization of an active subglacial lake system in the David Glacier catchment, Antarctica
Authors: Lindzey Laura E. , Beem Lucas H. , Young Duncan A. , Quartini Enrica , Blankenship Donald D. , Lee Choon-Ki , Lee Won Sang , Lee Jong Ik , Lee Joohan
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In the 2016–2017 austral summer, the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics (UTIG) and the Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) collaborated to perform a helicopter-based radar and laser altimeter survey of lower David Glacier with the goals of characterizing the subglacial water distribution that supports a system of active subglacial lakes and informing the site selection for a potential subglacial access drilling project.
This survey overlaps with and expands upon an earlier survey of the Drygalski Ice Tongue and the David Glacier grounding zone from 2011 and 2012 to create a 5 km resolution survey extending 200 km upstream from the grounding zone.
The surveyed region covers two active subglacial lakes and includes reflights of ICESat ground tracks that extend the surface elevation record in the region.
This is one of the most extensive aerogeophysical surveys of an active lake system and provides higher-resolution boundary conditions and basal characterizations that will enable process studies of these features.
This paper introduces a new helicopter-mounted ice-penetrating radar and laser altimetry system, notes a discrepancy between the original surface-elevation-derived lake outlines and locations of possible water collection based on basal geometry and hydraulic potential, and presents radar-based observations of basal conditions that are inconsistent with large collections of ponded water despite laser altimetry showing that the hypothesized active lakes are at a highstand.
Volunteer Training Needs for Successful 4-H STEM Programs
Authors: Franck Karen L , Donaldson Joseph L
Published: July 2020

Informal STEM education programs through youth-serving organizations like 4-H have the potential to help youth prepare for future STEM careers. Volunteers continue to be an important way to mentor and provide programs for youth with support and guidance from professionals working for youth organizations. 4-H STEM programs present challenges for 4-H professionals and traditional 4-H volunteers who often have limited knowledge and confidence in their ability to teach STEM skills. Recruiting science experts as volunteers to lead 4-H STEM programs is one way to provide these programs, but some experts have limited knowledge about youth development and how to engage youth. Findings from the 4-H Science: Building a 4-H Career Pathway initiative are discussed here related to volunteer training, volunteer recruitment and retention and resources needed for 4-H professionals and volunteers to successfully implement 4‑H STEM programs. A process evaluation was conducted that included focus groups and interviews in 3 states that participated in the initiative. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with youth, parents, volunteers, and 4-H professionals involved in 4-H STEM programs. Themes included the need for volunteer training focused on increasing STEM knowledge and skills as well as pedagogy and youth engagement, the need for training for 4-H professionals related to STEM skills so they could support volunteer efforts, and the need to use diverse methods to recruit science experts and other volunteers for these programs.
4-H Volunteer Attainment of Quality Positive Youth Development Practices
Authors: Hensley Sarah T. , Kent Heather C. , Broaddus Brent A. , Ellison Stacey , Michael Shane T. , Spero Vanessa
Published: July 2020

The University of Florida 4-H program evaluated volunteer perceptions of behavior adoption resulting from the completion of training focused on best practices that promote positive youth development. The evaluation effort was a quasi-experimental design that surveyed all enrolled volunteers electronically. The survey was designed to determine the types and frequency of training that 4-H volunteers participated in, their satisfaction with the training, the volunteer’s role of service, and outcomes of adopting best practices of program quality. A response rate of 27% (n = 340) provided a representative sample of the enrolled volunteers across demographic categories and geographical regions of the state. The results show that volunteers report practicing elements of positive youth development as categorized by the Essential Elements framework and that correlations between the type of training volunteers participate in and their implementation of quality practices are significant. Implications for volunteer trainings include the consideration of frequency, expanding opportunities beyond traditional delivery, and incorporating training elements that promote high-quality youth programming. This evaluation effort provides baseline data that informs future research for the Florida 4-H program.
Queer Theory and Feminist Methods: A Review
Authors: Cuklanz Lisa , Erol Ali
Published: July 2020

Feminist research methodologies seek to conduct research that aligns with the political and social project of feminism. These research methodologies specifically focus on women's voice, experiences, and contributions, center a feminist perspective and adopt premises and assumptions of a feminist worldview. Some of these premises—raising critical consciousness, encouraging social change, and emphasizing a diversity of human experience related to gender at the intersection of race, sexuality, and other categories of identity—align with the premises and assumptions of queer theory. Since both feminist and queer research methods aim to centralize the experiences of people marginalized under racist, sexist, heterosexist, patriarchal, and imperialist conditions, both methods seek decentralization of and liberation from such experiences in research methodologies. While this paper will briefly discuss these important points of alignment between feminist methods and queer theory, the main purpose will be to distinguish these two broad approaches and to outline what queer theory additionally brings to the table.
TPACK para integrar efectivamente las TIC en educación: Un modelo teórico para la formación docente
Authors: Morales Soza Madia Giselle
Published: July 2020

La integración de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TIC), en el entorno educativo, es una tarea que ha presentado diversas dificultades, las que se evidencian, sobre todo, en los usos que los docentes hacen de estas herramientas en las aulas. En tal caso se reconoce la escasa formación de los mismos en este ámbito, considerando imprescindible prepararlos a partir de un modelo que orienta la integración de distintos tipos de conocimientos: disciplinares, pedagógicos y tecnológicos, en confluencia con elementos contextuales que determinan una situación de aprendizaje específica; saberes que deben comprender y asumir en su función docente para lograr el uso efectivo de las TIC en la educación: el modelo TPACK. El uso efectivo de las TIC en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje reside en el carácter de estricto sentido didáctico que debe imprimírsele a las herramientas digitales seleccionadas, en el enfoque pedagógico asumido en la planificación didáctica y en la actitud, tanto del docente como de los estudiantes, al momento de interactuar con las mismas, en función del aprovechamiento de sus potencialidades para mejorar la calidad de los aprendizajes en esta nueva era.
Inhibiting Factors of Land Suitability for Piper nigrum L. in a Hilly Area of Tirtomoyo District, Central Java
Authors: Mujiyo Mujiyo , Sutarno Sutarno , Suwarto Suwarto , Budiono R , Sutopo Novi Rahmawati
Published: July 2020

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) has a high selling value. The price of pepper in the domestic or international market that is always high can be a great opportunity to increase farmers’ income. Tirtomoyo District is dominated by hilly areas with common soil types of Litosol and Latosol. As one of the efforts to develop the regional economic rate, especially in hilly areas, pepper cultivation can be a solution offered by the agricultural sector. The study was conducted using an explorative descriptive survey method consisting of field observation and laboratory analysis. The analytical unit used was Land Map Unit (LMU) obtained from soil map. The sampling sites were selected using purposive sampling method according to the research objectives and representing the study area. The results show that the actual land suitability for pepper in Tirtomoyo District is marginally suitable (S3) for all LMU. The main limiting factors are water availability and nutrient availability, thus the Tirtomoyo district still have potency for pepper cultivation by applying some improvement measures such as fertilization, irrigation, organic material addition, and cover crop planting.
Pedogenic Forms of Iron in Soils Developed from Four Parent Materials
Authors: Owonubi Ayodele
Published: July 2020

Information on the distribution of various forms of iron in soils are valuable in the study of soil genesis. The objective of this study was to to evaluate the pedogenic forms of iron in soils developed over basement complex and basaltic parent materials of the study area. Geologic units considered in the basement complex area were granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite. Stratified random sampling formed the basis for field work. Soil sampling was carried out by digging at least two soil profile pits in each geologic unit. Organically bound, amourphous and total iron oxides were estimated using 0.1 M sodium pyrophosphate, acidified (pH 3) ammonium oxalate, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate method, respectively. The total Fe in the soil samples were determined after a mixed acid digestion. In general, total iron fractions were statistically similar among the soils of basement complex geologic units but significantly lower than those of soils derived from basaltic rocks. However, the distribution of iron oxide fractions was similar among the basement and basaltic geologic units. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the distribution of iron oxides in the B horizons of basement complex derived soils. Consequently, the quantity of iron oxides in the B horizon was in the order migmatite > biotite granite > granite gneiss. About 70% of total iron oxides in the soils over granite gneiss, biotite granite and basaltic rocks was amorphous in nature. Furthermore, total iron oxides constitute less than 20% of total clay both in the basement complex and basaltic soils.
Embedding and Facilitating Intercultural Competence Development in Internationalization of the Curriculum of Higher Education
Authors: Ji Ying
Published: July 2020

This paper attempts to analyze how to embed and facilitate intercultural competence development in the process of internationalizing the curriculum of higher education institutions. Specific learning outcomes, effective pedagogical intervention and multimethod assessment are critical components for developing students’ intercultural competence in an internationalized curriculum. The learning outcome statements need to be realistic, concrete, and measurable. Elements that determine the quality of intercultural contact, coupled with the personality and biography of the students should be considered when implementing the learning activities. Multimethod assessment is suggested for providing a comprehensive picture for the progressive development of intercultural competence. And it is equally necessary to make sure that the assessment criteria align with the specific learning outcomes and learning activities.
The Syntax of Yes/No Questions in Modern Standard Arabic
Authors: Alsager Haroon Nasser
Published: July 2020

Interrogative structures have been investigated in wide range of languages including but not limited to English, Italian, French, and Mandarin Chinese. Thus, this paper presents an analysis of the syntactic structure of yes/no questions based on feature-checking analysis (i.e., [Q], phi-features, [T], [Polarity], and EPP). First, I briefly discuss the feature-checking analysis in the declarative clauses in Modern Standard Arabic. Then, I analyze the interrogative structure in main clauses (hal, ʔa-) and in embedded clauses (idhaa) in MSA. Finally, this paper displays and discusses the findings showing that there are three types of feature-checking in yes/no particles in Modern Standard Arabic.
‘No’ Vote Contingency Planning for the UK’s 1975 Referendum
Authors: AQUI Lindsay
Published: July 2020

This article investigates the contingency plan developed by Harold Wilson’s Labour government for a ‘no’ vote in the UK’s 1975 referendum on European Community (EC) membership. The decision to prepare for the possibility of leaving the EC was seen as responsible, but the primary rationale for devising an EC exit strategy related to the severe political and economic damage that officials believed the UK would suffer if it withdrew from the Community. Officials emphasised the political consequences of a ‘no’ vote in part because the economic consequences were more difficult to predict and because of the rationale that underpinned the decision to join the EC in the first place. This was not easy to communicate in the politicised atmosphere caused by the divisions over the question of membership among Ministers. In the end, the key message of the contingency plan was that leaving the Community would weaken the UK and leave the government with few options except “Going it Alone”.
L’européanisation inattendue: la CGT et la CGIL devant l’intégration européenne (1950-1974)
Authors: BIBERT Alexandre
Published: July 2020

Diese Studie betrachtet die Reaktion der wichtigsten italienischen und französischen Gewerkschaftsorganisationen auf die europäische Integration. Obwohl beide Gewerkschaftsbünde demselben internationalen Gewerkschaftsdachverband, der von der kommunistischen Ideologie geprägt war, angegliedert waren, hatten sie, über die erste Ablehnung des Gemeinsamen Marktes hinaus, Schwierigkeiten, aufgrund unterschiedlicher Ansätze, eine Zusammenarbeit herbeizuführen. Der Artikel zeigt, warum und wie sie dazu gebracht wurden, ihre Tätigkeit in den europäischen institutionellen Rahmen einzubetten. Er beleuchtet die Spannungen zwischen beschleunigenden Elementen und den inneren und äußeren Hindernissen, die der Europäisierungsdynamik begegneten. Die Entwicklungen spiegelten den Kontext wider, blieben aber eng mit dem Selbstverständnis und der Weltanschauung der Akteure verflochten. Deren Vorstellungen blieben zwar nicht unveränderlich, waren aber so tief verwurzelt, dass sie zu Friktionen und Kehrtwendungen führten.
Apatinib for Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Angiosarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Engeng , Xu Zhiyao , Cao Gaoyang , Chen Li
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Primary colorectal angiosarcoma is a highly rare malignant tumor. There is no standard treatment method for this disease. No treatment of rectal angiosarcoma with apatinib has been reported so far. Case Presentation: In the current study, an 87-year-old male presented with the symptoms of frequent defecation for more than one month in Hangzhou, China, in 2018. The patient was initially diagnosed with a rectal stromal tumor. The patient underwent ultrasound-guided transrectal mass puncture in the next treatment. However, immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the initial diagnosis of rectal angiosarcoma. The patient had advanced age and rectal angiosarcoma with metastasis; he had no surgical indications, and we tried to use apatinib 250 mg/d treatment to control the progression of the lesion. Then, he received apatinib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The patient has been stable to apatinib with a dose of 250 mg daily by now. Conclusions: Apatinib may play an important role in the treatment of unresectable angiosarcoma.
A Defense of Conscientious Objection in Health Care
Authors: Kaczor Christopher ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2020

In this essay, I defend rights of conscientious objection against various objections raised on deontological grounds of rights and entitlements as well as on consequentialist, utilitarian grounds. Udo Schuklenk and Ricardo Smalling in their article, “Why Medical Professionals Have No Moral Claim to Conscientious Objection Accommodation in Liberal Democracies” raise various objections, including the Objection from the Rights of Patients, the Objection from Monopoly, the Objection from Religion, the Objection from Untestability, and the Objection from Inconsistency. This article also responds to the concern about “unconstrained conscientious objection.” It suggests that we can distinguish legitimate from illegitimate conscientious objection in part by means of distinguishing objection to particular kinds of procedures from objection to treating particular kinds of persons. Perhaps the most promising way of differentiating legitimate from illegitimate conscientious objection in healthcare is by means of the goal of the medical art understood as the promotion of health.
Apraxia verbal: una patología multidimensional
Authors: Melle Hernández Natalia
Published: July 2020

Acquired apraxia of speech is an alteration of the production of speech that results of a cerebral wound. In the last ten years it has enlarged the interest by the description and understanding of its nature. Therefore, different centered lines of study in several aspects have arisen. These are: the neuropathological bases, the processes cognitivo-motors and the verbal conducts of the apraxia of speech. This paper presents relevant concepts of neuroanatomy, psycholingüistic and motor control of speech models, and perceptual, acoustic and physiologic analyses of apraxia of speech.
Alteraciones de memoria en daño cerebral
Authors: De Noreña David , De la Vega Rodríguez Irene
Published: July 2020

Frontal cortex is involved in important memory processes but its role is different from that associated with structures in the medial temporal lobe and diencephalon. While damage in the latter structures produces profound and global anterograde amnesia, damage to the frontal cortex is manifested by an specific group of memory impairments and distortions like confabulations, source amnesia, prospective memory and metamemory deficit, or impaired free recall. Frontal lobes is less involved in memory acquisition per se than it is in leading the strategic processes that support memory encoding, retrieval and monitoring.
Las reformas estatuarias y los sistemas electorales autonómicas
Authors: Álvarez Conde Enrique
Published: July 2020

La regulación constitucional y legal del régimen electoral, de conformidad con la interpretación restringida efectuada por nuestra jurisprudencia constitucional, permite que las Comunidades Autónomas puedan asumir algunas competencias en esta materia. Pese a ello, la regulación estatutaria ha producido un elevado grado de homogeneidad por parte de los sistemas electorales de las Comunidades Autónomas, que aún podrían haber asunmido más competencias en temas tales como el ejercico del derecho de sufragia activo,el proceso electoral, la forma del gobierno autonómico, la fórmula electoral, el establecimiento de circunscripciones electorales, la campaña electoral, etc
El Cuadro de Mando Integral como herramienta para gestores deportivos: un acercamiento desde el béisbol cubano
Authors: Ramos Acevedo IN. , Madrigal Castro AD. , González Quesada O. , Figueredo Toledano RW. , Rodríguez-Gallo Martínez Y. , Barroceta de Rojas CR. , Gómez Tejeda Y.
Published: July 2020

El estudio de la Administración como ciencia y su contextualización en el terreno deportivo, es determinante en la actualidad para el éxito de los gestores deportivos. Si, con anterioridad, solo eran tenidos en cuenta determinados indicadores de juego en la evaluación del resultado de un equipo, hoy se abre el horizonte a otras perspectivas. Tal es el caso del empleo del Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI), el cual se ha convertido poco a poco en herramienta para traducir la estrategia en acciones y para el control de la gestión en estas organizaciones. Su uso permite combinar la evaluación de resultados deportivos con aspectos como la motivación o preparación de atletas y técnicos; la percepción o satisfacción de los aficionados; el cumplimiento de la responsabilidad social, o los resultados financieros. Este artículo es fruto de las reflexiones, experiencias y revisión de la literatura, con un acercamiento al contexto del béisbol cubano.

The study of Management as a Science and its contextualization in the sport field is essential at present for the success of the sport managers. Previously only certain kinds of game indicators were considered in the evaluation of the team results but today new horizons are opened to other perspectives. The use of the Balanced Scorecard as a tool to translate the strategy into actions and also for the control management in the organizations has been extended all over the sport world. It also enables the control and evaluation of some aspects as the motivation and the preparation of the athletes and technicians, the perception and the satisfaction of the fans, the fulfillment of the social responsibility or the financial results. This article is the result of some reflections, experiences and the literature review, allowing an approach to the current Cuban baseball context.
« C’EST POUR EUX QUE JE TRAVAILLE » : ÉTUDE DE CAS SUR LE POUVOIR D’AGIR DES PROFESSIONNELS OEUVRANT AUPRÈS DE PERSONNES EN SITUATION D’ITINÉRANCE
Authors: Côté Philippe-Benoit , Renard-Robert Guillaume , MacDonald Sue-Ann
Published: July 2020

Dans un contexte institutionnel marqué par des transformations importantes au sein du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux, cet article vise à comprendre le développement du pouvoir d’agir des professionnels oeuvrant auprès des personnes en situation d’itinérance. À partir d’une étude de cas, des entrevues individuelles ont été réalisées auprès de professionnels d’une équipe multidisciplinaire et spécialisée en itinérance travaillant dans le réseau de la santé et des services sociaux. L’analyse qualitative des témoignages révèle que les contraintes institutionnelles et la complexité inhérente au phénomène de l’itinérance obligent les professionnels à mettre en place des stratégies collectives et individuelles qui s’enchevêtrent et s’alimentent mutuellement pour développer leur pouvoir d’agir. Cette interaction duale du pouvoir d’agir permet aux professionnels de déployer des interventions créatives qui s’adaptent, selon eux, aux réalités complexes des personnes en situation d’itinérance. Cette étude soulève des questionnements sur la reconnaissance institutionnelle des professionnels qui oeuvrent auprès de populations marginalisées au sein du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux, comme les personnes en situation d’itinérance.
Décrochage scolaire en France : quel rôle pour les contextes locaux ?
Authors: di Paola Vanessa , Moullet Stéphanie
Published: July 2020

Cet article vise à améliorer la connaissance des facteurs de risque du décrochage scolaire en France en prenant en compte les effets du contexte territorial, et ce, par le recours à la modélisation multiniveaux. Son originalité est d’étudier, d’une part, les conséquences potentielles de certaines caractéristiques du territoire sur ce risque et d’examiner, d’autre part, si le milieu d’origine – caractérisé par la catégorie socioprofessionnelle et le diplôme des parents – influe différemment en fonction du contexte territorial. À partir des données de l’enquête Génération 2010 portant sur les jeunes sortis du système éducatif français à cette date, on montre que les origines socio-économiques mais aussi celles culturelles agissent sur le risque de quitter l’école sans diplôme plutôt qu’avec un diplôme de l’enseignement secondaire. En outre, les caractéristiques territoriales que sont le taux de chômage juvénile, le niveau de la pauvreté ainsi que la norme d’achèvement des études ont des effets avérés sur le risque de décrocher et elles interagissent avec le rôle du milieu d’origine, en particulier celui des origines culturelles. Ainsi, les caractéristiques défavorisées du territoire (plus fort taux de chômage juvénile, niveau de pauvreté élevé, norme éducative faible) amplifient l’effet des inégalités sociales sur le risque qu’ont les jeunes de quitter l’école précocement.