bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performances of groundnut varieties under sub-tropical climate of North East Hilly Agro-Ecological Region of India
Authors: Datta M. , Yadav G. S. , Chakraborty S.
Published: April 2016

North east hilly eco-region of India is characterized by highly undulating topography and fragile ecology. Here the cultivation of rice on upland and medium land is not a profitable venture to farmers. Therefore, to find out alternative crop with high yield potential cultivars a three year field study from 2008 to 2010 on agronomic evaluation of groundnut cultivars under sub-tropical climate of North East hilly Agro-ecological region was carried out. The experiment consists of fourteen groundnut cultivars (V1- ICGS-76, V2- GG-2, V3- GG-13,V4-TG 37 A, V5-FeESG-10, V6-FeESG-8,V7-K-134,V8-GG-6,V9-SB XI, V10 GG-11,V11-KAUSHAL,V12-GG-4,V13-GG-2,V14-GG-8) as treatment in randomized block design and replicated thrice. Results revealed that highest plant dry weight was produced by cultivar “KAUSHAL” (32.99 g/plant), while lowest was recorded with cultivar “FeESG-10” (16.32 g/plant). However, the highest numbers of pod (25.32) were observed with “ICGS-76”. Cultivar GG-11 had produced highest pod and seed weight (34.80 g/plant and 20.62 g/plant, respectively) as compared to other cultivars, while lowest pod and seed weight (8.96 g/plant and 6.39 g/plant, respectively) with “FeESG-8”. Maximum pod yield (2.06t/ha) was produced by GG-11 cultivars, although highest stover yield (2.37 t/ha) was produced in cultivar KAUSHAL. Cultivar GG-11 had also recorded highest shelling percentage. Therefore, it is suggested that GG-11 a better option for substituting the upland and medium land rice during kharif season for enhancing the farmer’s income.
Impact of foliar application of seaweed saps on yield, nodulation and nutritional quality in green gram (Vigna radiata L)
Authors: Raverkar K. P. , Pareek Navneet , Chandra Ramesh , Chauhan Swati , Zodape S. T. , Ghosh A.
Published: April 2016

Seaweeds are marine macro algae, which form an important component of the marine living resources of the world. To evaluate the efficiency of seaweed (Kappaphycus and Gracilaria) saps on growth, yield and nutrition of Vigna radiata, an experiment was conducted during spring 2012 under field conditions. The ten treatments comprised two seaweed saps (K-sap & G-sap), four concentrations of each sap (2.5, 5, 10 and 15%), 7.5% of K-sap + 50% RDF (recommended dose of fertilizers) and control. The highest grain yield of 557 kg ha−1 was harnessed due to two foliar applications of 10% K-sap + RDF. Increase in yield due to K-sap ranged between 29.32 to 33.81% while due to G-sap it was 25.74 to 26.15%. Foliar application of K-sap influenced the number and dry weight of root nodules at flowering. Application of seaweed saps also enhanced quality of grains in terms of protein, P and K content.
Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis under drought in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Rao* V. Thirumala
Published: April 2016

Groundnut yield in rain fed areas has been limited by drought stress because pod yield and other growth parameters have been severely affected. The aim of this study is to evaluate the genetic variability, character association and path analysis between yield and its contributing traits in 30 groundnut genotypes under drought. Analysis of variance revealed the existence of significant differences among genotypes for all characters studied. The magnitude of PCV and GCV was moderate to high for number of pods per plant, dry haulm yield, kernel yield, plant height and dry pod yield. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for kernel yield, plant height, dry pod yield, and hundred kernel weight indicating the role of additive gene in expressing these traits. Dry pod yield was significant positively correlated with kernel yield, no of pods per plant, hundred kernel weight and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR). Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of pods per plant and hundred kernel weight were essential traits to be considered for realizing the improvement in yield.
Competitive Networking For SME: A Case Study Of Its Success In Italy
Authors: Garbelli Maria Emilia
Published: April 2016

Small and Medium Enterprises have limited financial resources, which hampers development possibilities. For small and medium entities, the ambition toward a foreign-market driven income is on the increase. However, going international seems to be harder because of its peculiar financial restraint. This paper intends to give evidence to an empirical case of excellence, which is emerging as a prototype in the agri-food industry since its establishment: the Agribusiness Cluster Brixia (hereafter, ACB). The Agribusiness Cluster Brixia is a well-defined group of companies highly specialized in technology, the Cluster shares. This company integrates skills at every stage of the supply chain, from farm production to food distribution, storing, and processing. The aim of this paper is to test if it has really provided advantages for the partners, and how. These advantages can be in reducing some competitive costs for the partners involved, entering new markets, or by developing new and cooperative solutions to the customers needs.
Students’s Use Of Technology
Authors: Selmani Alma , Musabelliu Gerta
Published: April 2016

Technological developments that occurred in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century, increased the use of technology in almost every aspect of human life and also its importance. The evolution of technology has meant that today anyone can use it at any time: everyone can have access to the Internet for different purposes. This thesis will focus on learning technology in higher education in Albania and specifically will use a survey on the use of technology by students of the Faculty of Economy during their studies. The main purpose of this work is to examine how much support there is and how students use technology in their learning process. The task has three main objectives: • To determine the attitudes and the degree of acceptance of technological change from students of faculty • To determine the extent of use of technologies during their studies, analyzing the types of technology frequently used by. • To determine how e-learning is recognized and how necessary is its usage by students’s perspective. The methodology used is a qualitative analysis conducted through the distribution of questionnaires to students of faculty, as the main stakeholders of this research. Finally, from the analysis conducted it is concluded that students prefer technology; the most used technology is the laptop, less used is Instant Messaging and recognition of the concept of e-learning is at the average level, but still seen as a possibility to have a better study.
Government Size and Economic Growth in Italy: A Time-series Analysis
Authors: Forte Francesco , Magazzino Cosimo
Published: April 2016

The aim of this paper is to empirically assess the relationship between government size and economic growth. Using time series methodologies applied to annual data for Italy, the effect of public expenditure, unemployment, and fiscal reforms on economic activity have been analysed. The data used in these analyses have been collected and shown in Forte (2011). The analysis covered a very long period, 1861-2008. Our results show the presence of a non-linear relationship between the size of the public sector (measured by the share of government expenditure over GDP) and the economic growth rate for Italy. In general, the presence of an inverted “U-shape” curve, which emerges for the last two decades, suggests that expenditure cuts might be faster than GDP dynamic. This result is in line with recent empirical literature on this issue. Interestingly, for the monarchic years, it has been found that the zero budget constraint provoked a slower aggregate income variation.
Challenges Of The Indirect Management Of Eu Funds In Albania
Authors: Totozani Neritan
Published: April 2016

Instrument of Pre-Accession programme assistance of European Union applies since 2007 in the Western Balkan countries and aims at preparing successfully the relevant countries for future EU integration. Albania benefits from IPA funds which plays a key role in the development of the administrative capacities of the Western Balkans countries. By strengthening the administrative capacities of these countries, IPA will enable them to take over the funds, the program management and ultimately the overall integration process. Preparing to profit from and ultimately manage IPA funds allows beneficiaries countries, for future efficient management of the so-called Structural and Cohesion Funds that Member States receive to better integrate their poorer regions and infrastructure. This study aims at identifying the value and complexity of such process concluding with the efforts and challenges in the near future toward being a fully fledged member of European Union. It is of great importance the way how Albania absorbs these funds. In this regard, i will assess the process of indirect management of IPA funds in Albania taking into consideration their actual status. In conclusion, this study is very important for the fact it gives a consolidated assessment of the challenges, needs and relative importance of transferring all management aspects of European Union financial assistance to the beneficiaries countries which will further strengthen the complementarily of the accession process and overall national development policies. Also, it will provide recommendation for strengthening administrative capacity and preparing national and local structures and authorities to plan and implement such programmes remain major challenges which the enlargement countries need to address rigorously from an early stage of the process.
Relationship among Self-appraisals, Others’ Actual Appraisals, and Reflected Appraisals on Primary School Teachers Teaching Ability
Authors: Hu Chun-mei , Yue Cai-zheng , He Hua-min
Published: April 2016

Convenient sampling and questionnaire survey was used to investigate the relationship among self-appraisals, others’ actual appraisals, and reflected appraisals on the teaching ability of 40 primary school teachers. The results of the study indicated that primary school teachers’ selfappraisals on teaching ability was obviously below others’ actual appraisals; generalized others had more influence on the self-appraisals of primary school teachers than specific others; primary school teachers’ reflected appraisals could influence their self-appraisals; and others’ actual appraisals could not directly influence self-appraisals. Consequently, we should pay more attention in developing the primary school teachers’ reflective ability, change the current way of teaching reflection, improve the influence of others’ actual appraisals on self-appraisals, and enhance the validity of teaching reflection.
Foreign Language Anxiety in Higher Education: A Practical Framework for Reducing FLA
Authors: Alsowat Hamad H.
Published: April 2016

This study aimed at investigating foreign language anxiety level and the factors affecting the anxiety among Saudi English major students at Taif University and exploring the impact of gender and academic level in this regard. It also examined the relationship between anxiety and language proficiency in the Saudi context. Two questionnaires, a modified version of FLCAS (Horwitz et al., 1986) and IFLAF, were administered to 373 English major students (205 male and 168 female). The results revealed that Saudi English major students had moderate level of anxiety. The highest provoking causes of students' anxiety were worrying about consequences of failing, forgetting things they knew and feeling uneasiness during language tests. The analyses of the variables related to foreign language anxiety revealed a significant negative correlation between language anxiety and language proficiency (grammar, speaking, writing, reading and GPA). Gender did not have a significant impact on foreign language anxiety in the current study. Finally, the academic level of students did not affect the level of anxiety indicating that all students, despite their academic level, suffer from the same level of anxiety. The study suggested an EFL practical Model to reduce the negative effects of anxiety. Suggestions and further research were presented.
A Study of Clothing Purchasing Behavior By Gender with Respect to Fashion and Brand Awareness
Authors: Koca Emine , Koc Fatma
Published: April 2016

It has been suggested that male and female consumers demonstrate considerably different approaches in their decision-making and purchasing behavior when shopping for clothing for a variety of different reasons. For this reason, this study is centered on determining the degree to which gender affects the purchasing behavior of consumers buying fashion items and on determining what the differences between male and female consumer clothing purchasing behavior might be. The sample group for this study, which aims to identify the differences between male and female consumers from a gender perspective by examining their purchasing behavior with respect to fashion and brand awareness, was made up of 382 consumers chosen at random. The data used in this study were collected using a scaling tool made up of 29 questions devised by the researchers. The gathered data were then analyzed using the Social Sciences Statistics Packet (SPSS 17). As a result of this study it was determined that male and female consumers do have different perceptions and preferences with respect to fashion and brand awareness in their clothing purchasing behavior, that demographic characteristics were influential in purchasing clothing, and that women were more influenced by fashion while men were more influenced by brand name.
Applicability Degree of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders –the 5 the Edition (DSM V) on Children Enrolled in Autism Centers in Jordan
Authors: Al-Badarneh Mohammad , Smadi Jamil
Published: April 2016

This study aims to investigate the applicability of the diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorder in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM V) on the children enrolled in selected autism centers in Jordan. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers applied the scale of the (DSM V) on the children with autism spectrum disorder. The scale consisted of (30) items distributed on two areas. The first area is a lasting impairment in the social communication and interaction. The second area includes behavioral patterns and definite, repetitive and stereotyped interests and activities. The validity and reliability were extracted and calculated using the re-test application method, which amounted to (88.0) as well as the internal consistency, which reached to (94.0). The scale was also applied on the study samples that were represented by (300) children through the responses of the (94) teachers regarding the children with autism spectrum disorder. The results showed that the applicability of the diagnostic criteria of the autism spectrum in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (DSM V) on the children was low by (36.3%) with total occurrences of (109) children who suffered from the autism spectrum disorder, and (63.7%) of children on whom the two criteria were not applicable with a total of 191 children.
Strategic Approach in Social Media Marketing and a Study on Successful Facebook Cases
Authors: Bekoglu Filiz Bozkurt , Onaylı Cemre
Published: April 2016

Development of internet and social media has led to significant changes in marketing. Companies are now making serious efforts to integrate social media into their marketing strategies. In order to be successful in these efforts, marketing experts need to think strategically, integrate social media campaigns into their marketing plans and use the right tools in the right way. They should also evaluate the campaign performance and its effect on business performance. The aim of this study is to define the strategic approach adopted by the companies and to explore how companies structure and measure their campaigns. Within the scope of the study, first literature review is made and then 20 successful Facebook campaigns are selected and analyzed through content analysis. The result of the analysis show that companies studied used megaphone strategy (by informing consumers through pages, ads and videos) and magnet strategy (by creating an environment for interaction through applications, surveys and competitions), but they did not use monitor strategy (following customers interaction with one another). Regarding how the campaigns were structured, it is found that half of them aimed to give new information and 20% were supported in offline platforms. The most preferred tool was the Facebook page, Facebook ads were more popular when compared to Facebook videos and the usage rate for surveys, competitions and applications were low. It is also found that like rate and participation rate were the two basic criteria companies used to measure the campaign performance but as the data provided by the companies was limited, it was not possible to comment on the general strategic approach they adopted.
Razones Que Impulsan La Motivación De Compra De Los Estudiantes Universitarios Mexicanos
Authors: Fischer Laura , Espejo Jorge
Published: April 2016

In order to make a person interested and decided to purchase a product or service it is necessary to have something triggering the decision: an innate or absolute need; a relational need or a originated the marketing efforts done by the supplier. We present in this paper the results of an explorative, descriptive and correlational research. Considering a quantitative approach based on the reasons that motivates an individual to purchase proposed by Eisenberg (Bryaneisenberg, 2015).The research comprises a sample of 2400 university students from México in order to know the most influential reasons for purchasing among the chosen segment. Results show that the marketing efforts are the most influentional reasons for purchasing.
Peer Group and Parental Support as Correlates of Academic Performance of Senior Secondary School Students in South West, Nigeria
Authors: Akomolafe Comfort O , Adesua Veronica O
Published: April 2016

This paper examines peer group and parental support as correlates of the academic performance of Senior Secondary School Students in South West Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto design and descriptive research design of survey type. The population comprises all Senior Secondary School Students in South West Nigeria. The sample of the study consisted of one thousand, one hundred and fifty (1,150) senior secondary school students (i.e. SS 3) drawn from three states out of the six states in the South West Geo-political zone; namely Osun, Ondo and Ekiti. The researcher made use of a questionnaire and an inventory to collect data. A self -designed questionnaire tagged “Motivation and Academic Performance of Senior Secondary School Students” (MAPSSS) was used to elicit information from the respondents. This consists of two parts. Parts A and B. Parts A consists of the bio-data of the respondents (students), while Parts B consists of 9 Sections, Sections A-I, Section H and I of the questionnaire support was used to measure the relationship between peer influence and parental support on students’ academic performance. The two null hypotheses formulated were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there was a positive significant relationship between peer group, and parental support and the academic performance of students. On the basis of these findings, it was recommended that parents should monitor the type of peer group their children or ward mix or mingle with in school and provide the necessary support by providing all the educational needs of their children. They need to monitor the academic performance of their children/wards while they are in school.
Variable Reduction and Determinants of Working Capital Management on Profits for Ghanaian Banks
Authors: Asare-Kumi Abeku Atta , Darkwah Kwasi Adjepong , Nortey Ezekiel N. N. , Chapman-Wardy Charlotte
Published: April 2016

Today, several factors has contributed to the profitability of Banks. Data collected on these factors often has several variables. It is a non-trivial exercise to determine which of the factors that significantly influences the profits of Banks. This paper adopts the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on the several variables expected to influence the working capital management on the profits of banks of the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE). Fifteen of the several variables captured by the GSE which affect working capital management on profit were grouped into four factors using the principal component analysis. Results of the PCA identifies Convertibility factors, Risk Factor, Short term Liquidity, Operational factors, and Credit Risk factors to be the determinants of bank profits. Consequently, these factors are used to fit a linear regression model in identifying the most significant factors. Apart from credit risk factors, all the other factors were found to be significant predictors of the profit of Ghanaian banks. Investors, stakeholders, and managers of banks can use these factors to monitor and evaluate their working capital in generating profits.
Finance – Growth Nexus in Nigeria: Fragility and Development Effects
Authors: Ajogbeje Korede
Published: April 2016

The study investigates the effects of financial fragility and financial development on economic growth in Nigeria between 1982 and 2012. The augumented dickey fuller (ADF) unit root test and the Johanson cointegration tests were respectively used to establish the stationarity and long run properties of the variables. The results show that financial development, proxy by credit to private sector as a percentage of GDP has a positive significant effects on output, as expected. As regards the fragility effects, the result revealed that the effect of financial volatility on economic growth is negative. Financial fragility was refined in the contexts of unsound banking system and unstable financial market, which were proxy by interest rate volatility and exchange rate volatility respectively, thus have negative significant effects on output. It is thus recommended that policy maker’s efforts aimed at increasing growth should work more on developing the financial sector and dampening the volatile nature of financial series. The pairwise granger causality result also reveals that there is a unidirectional causality running from financial fragility to gross capital formation.
Corruption Et Croissance Économique Une Approche Économétrique Sur Les Données De l’Algérie
Authors: Omrane Becherair
Published: April 2016

The study of corruption is now a serious subject in the development discourse. Wolfensohn, the former president of the World Bank argues that corruption has become "the largest single inhibitor of equitable economic development." Moreover effects of corruption extended to all countries, Nobel Prize –winning economist Amartya Sen wrote in 2009 that lack of transparency in the global financial system was among the main factors contributing to the financial crisis that began in 2008. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of corruption on economic growth and importance of the transmission channels in Algeria for the period of 2001- 2012. Based on the empirical framework, In our ordinary least squares estimations, we find that, the significant and negative effect of corruption on investment and public spending. The Results indicate also the negative and significant relationship between corruption and economic growth in Algeria.
Factors Affecting The Jordanian Purchasing Behavior Of Housing Apartments: An Empirical Study In Irbid City
Authors: Khrais Ibrahim Mohammed
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study is to show the extent of the impact of factors that affect the purchasing behavior of housing apartments per capita in Irbid city. It discusses the most influential factors in the purchasing decision for housing issues. These factors are independent factors: structural, geographical, environmental, and economical. Data was collected via questionnaires which were distributed to a sample of 150 individuals who are owners of apartments in Irbid city (Northern Jordan). The study showed different results and the various factors (structural, geographical, environmental, economical, and demographic) which have a significant impact on the purchasing decision of housing apartments in Irbid city. It is evident that these factors in full manner and the structural factors (construction area, land area, finishing, age of the building, and the outer shape) have an effect on the decision making process of the respective apartments.
La Identificación Del Conocimiento Y Actitudes Del Profesorado Hacia Inclusión De Los Alumnos Con Necesidades Educativas Especiales
Authors: Pérez-Jorge David , Alegre de la Rosa Olga María , Rodríguez-Jiménez María del Carmen , Márquez-Domínguez Yolanda , Hormiga Milagros de la Rosa
Published: April 2016

This article describes the development and evaluation of a tool to assess knowledge and attitudes of teachers towards inclusion of students with special educational needs (SEN). A questionnaire on attitudes of teachers towards these students was designed paying attention to three different levels: knowledge and attitude towards disability, organization of the educational response created to help students with SEN, and professional skills to adequately respond to the SEN students. The suitability of the instrument was assessed takng into account its content validity, reliability and underlying structure. Six different key dimensions, related to the investigations that have been carried out so far, were analyzed. These dimensions justified, from their theoretical point of view, their value.
The Evolution of Measurement Methods of Comparative Advantage and New Trends in IntraProduct International Specialization
Authors: Jia Lijun , Wu Maoguo , Liu Yixuan
Published: April 2016

In the development and the evolution of international trade theory, comparative advantage has always been a core concept. A great deal of research pertains to the calculation methods of comparative advantage. However, most previous research on measurement methods of comparative advantage is mainly based on a country's import/export volume of a specific industry or product. Under the circumstances of contemporary intra-product international specialization, previous measurement methods are not appropriate. It is imperative to improve original measure methods of comparative advantage through stripping overseas contents of exports, and putting forward a new measurement index reflecting the domestic contents of export.
The Effects Of The Refugee Crisis On The EU-Turkey Relations: The Readmission Agreement And Beyond
Authors: Bal Pinar Gedikkaya
Published: April 2016

The recent refugee crisis has created a new momentum in the EUTurkey relations which have been going through an impasse in the last couple of years. With the latest EU-Turkey Readmission Agreement, the European Union’s promise of visa liberalization, financial aid as well as the opening of a new chapter in accession negotiations, it has become possible to talk about a rapprochement between the two parties. This paper aims to examine the effects of the refugee crisis on the EU-Turkey relations in the light of these recent developments. The paper also aims to analyze the possibility of further cooperation and improvement of relations between the two parties as a result of this rapprochement.
Women's Labour In Turkey: A Comparasıon Wıth Selected Oecd Countrıes 49
Authors: Karacayir Ebubekir , Sacik Sinem Yapar
Published: April 2016

Gender inequality that exists in every area of a society is experienced at an intense level in employment area in Turkey. This inequality, though has been decreasing, goes on in every aspect of employment such as female labor force participation rate, unemployment rate, underemployment rate, informal employment, salaries etc., and slows down the process of enhancement of women’s position in the society. Evaluating Turkey with regards to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals 2015, it is clearly observed that no significant progress could be achieved in reduction of social gender inequality. One of the important goals in the development process in the world is to enhance welfare in countries by increasing woman employment. As a consequence of expansion in services sectors in the last two decades, female labor force participation has approached to but it is still lower than that of males labor force. It is of necessity to present women’s labour through a comparison of data from various countries in order to shed light to the problem of gender-based inequality women live through in Turkey. Therefore, in this study, women’s labour has been evaluated through a comparative analysis of Turkey and preselected OECD countries. The findings of the study have reached several different features of Turkey and have defined similarities between Turkey and these countries.
On International Protection Of Minorities; Aspects Of Minorities Protection By Albanian Legislation
Authors: Reci Senada , Zefi Luljeta
Published: April 2016

Minorities are part of the people living in a country and being not part of the majority of the population, always have problems relating to the implementation of the rights and fundamental freedoms to them. Filling this vacuum is internationally seen the Framework Convention for the protection of minorities, which sets targets to be achieved by States and its implementation is provided primarily by the measures taken on the national law and secondarily by bilateral agreements since its provisions are not directly applicable. There are also some other international acts of the Council of Europe that sanction rights for minorities. But this paper devotes attention to Albanian legislation and its commitments to enforce the rights and protection of minorities, especially in the context of the integration process in the EU, where the approach of the standards of the acquis for minorities is the focus of monitoring alongside the fundamental human rights and freedoms from the European Commission. EC has introduced the issue of minorities in the Albanian legislation with problems and situation outside the framework of legal protection because of the vacuum of a legal act for minorities, and this paper aims to present some aspects of the problem reflected in its analysis.
The Valency Of The Natural And Social Components As Determinants Of A Population’s Future Development
Authors: Sacco Giuseppina , Sacco Pietro
Published: April 2016

The relation which ties the sociodemographic phenomena to the reference population of a given territory, is the representative essence of every social organism. Hence, there is the statistical need to get as many data as possible, as they become essential when you must make a decision that will influence the future choices of any human aggregation. The goal of the present contribution is to make population projections of the city of Bari (South Italy), studied by sex and age, aimed at knowing the future social effects through the analysis of the natural components (fecundity, mortality) and the social ones (migrations) of the studied population.
Ethnographie Des Pratiques De Sécurisation De L’accès Aux Ressources Agropastorales Dans Un Contexte De Conflits Entre Agriculteurs Et Migrants Eleveurs A Dianra (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Jacques Kouame Konan
Published: April 2016

Climate variability and dwindling agro-pastoral resources are considered a threat to the stability of nations. Their environmental, economic, social and policies consequences on people behind this threat. The conflict farmers and ranchers is one of the consequences. In the northern Ivory Coast in general and in particular Dianra, the conflict between farmers and herders is not new. It is recurrent and sometimes violent. In this context of conflict and dwindling resources, one of the challenges is access to agropastoral resources, because despite these conflicts, indigenous farmers and migrant herders always co-operate the same space. There have been many writings on conflict farmers and ranchers. They aimed to understand the causes. In this study, our interest is less conflict. But the analysis we make is, how in the context of conflict, the user groups manage to secure access to resources. The study, conducted with fifty four (54) persons shows that in this context of conflict, access to resources is part of a dynamic interaction mobilizing various strategies to control and maintain access to resources: change of rules by the institutions of the dynamic layout, arrangements, handling of identity or professional referral and multiple use. If people develop coping strategies to different challenges offered by the changing context of their environment, it should be noted that these strategies highlight the social values of current changes in this environment.
L’enjeu Ouest- Africain De La Securite Au Burkina Faso
Authors: Kadet Bertin G.
Published: April 2016

This study addresses the issue of military violence affecting security in Burkina Faso and its implications in the West African geopolitics. Studies on the political and economic history of this country and surveys on recent proceedings in Burkina reveal that in this country, the security front has for several years been marked by state violence. For nearly half a century (1966- 2014), the military have seized state power and used the regular army of the country at the expense of the people and also towards destabilizing neighboring countries. With the just-ended political transition, the advent of a civil regime in this country in November 2015 could be a driver of peace and security at the national and regional levels only if the ruling Burkinabe authorities embark on institutional reforms that will pave the way to participatory democracy, and if public action is channeled as a matter of priority into human development.
How Would a Realist Explain the Civil War in Afghanistan?
Authors: Azadany Amanullah Haidary
Published: April 2016

This paper is looking to examine Afghanistan’s Civil war through core concepts of Realism. Realism holds that civil wars occur when the dichotomy between the domestic order and international chaos breaks down. In such a situation, central government loses its legitimacy and thus people start to own back the liberty that already was given to the central government for sake of security. In Afghanistan, the same dynamics happened. Since 1990s, people lost trust on the governments and thus mobilized around ethnical lines to accumulate power and seek security for them. This paper concludes that partition is the fundamental solution for civil wars like that of Afghanistan.
Coping With Repression In Soviet Ukraine
Authors: Bayer Oxana , Martyshenko Ievgeniia
Published: April 2016

The psychology of the Soviet period in Ukraine still needs to be analyzed because living witnesses of those times are gradually passing away. In this mixed-methods study, a sample of 56 respondents aged 63-102 were administered a semi-structured interview created for discovering the ways and resources people used to overcome the oppression of the Soviet regime. A qualitative analysis of participants’ testimonies through conceptualization revealed the following helping resources: social, financial, and informational support, faith, creative work, the example of family members, upbringing, humor, self-esteem, and morale, and taking responsibility. Though respondents mentioned all strategies, emotional reactions were notably missing from the strategies. Thus, participant responses were quantitatively analyzed for emotional content as well, allowing for detection of subjects’ non-conscious attitudes towards the topic under discussion.
Evaluation Du Traitement Chirurgical Des Fractures De Type Burst Non Deficitaire
Authors: Kpelao Essossinam , Meyer Mikael , Martins Vivien Mendes , Chirossel Jean-Paul , Darre Tchin , Gay Emmanuel
Published: April 2016

Introduction: The difficulty in treating of burst fracture is marked by secondary kyphosis. We expose our results in this challenge. Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated on preoperative, postoperative, and follow up scanners of 40 patients operated between 2007 and 2012 in the neurosurgery department of the CHU Grenoble these parameters: vertebral kyphosis (CV), regional kyphosis (CR), traumatic regional angulation (ART) and the inter-pedicular distance. The follow-up should be at least a year. Results: The mean age of patients was 39.2 years. Average postoperative distraction was 5.8 mm, and angular reduction was 8.5 ° on the CV and 9.8 ° on ART. At follow-up, the loss of correction was respectively 3.2 ° and 6.1 ° on CV and ART. The secondary compaction was 2.5 mm. Secondary regional kyphosis was higher in short instrumentation (7 ° against 5.2 °) as well as for patients with a BMI ≥ 25.
Discharge Forecasting By Applying Artificial Neural Networks At The Jinsha River Basin, China
Authors: Tayyab Muhammad , Zhou Jianzhong , Zeng Xiaofan , Adnan Rana
Published: April 2016

Flood prediction methods play an important role in providing early warnings to government offices. The ability to predict future river flows helps people anticipate and plan for upcoming flooding, preventing deaths and decreasing property destruction. Different hydrological models supporting these predictions have different characteristics, driven by available data and the research area. This study applied three different types of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and an autoregressive model to study the Jinsha river basin (JRB), in the upper part of the Yangtze River in China. The three ANN techniques include feedforward back propagation neural networks (FFBPNN), generalized regression neural networks (GRNN), and the radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN). Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) has shown Great deal of accuracy as compared to statistical autoregressive (AR) model because statistical model cannot able to simulate the non-linear pattern. The results varied across the cases used in the study; based on available data and the study area, FFBPNN showed the best applicability, compared to other techniques.
Paper Retracted : The Effect Of Normal And Microwave Heating And Reheating Of Edible Oils On Their Biochemical And Biophysical Properties
Authors: Khedr Yasser I. , Aboneima Sahar E.
Published: April 2016

Due to an authorship issue and on authors` demand the paper has been retracted by the ESJ editorial office.ESJ Editorial OfficeMay 2016
Estudio Preliminar Sobre La Decoloración Del Residual Líquido De La Producción De Papel Mediante Ozonización
Authors: Pérez Agustín Leiva , Acosta Sonia E. Peñafiel , Candell Joffre A. Andrade , Ortiz Q. F. Ana M. Aveiga , Zuñiga Guido G. Brito , Farías Teódulo R. Zambrano
Published: April 2016

Preliminarily, the relationship between Color Reduction (%RC), Total Suspended Solids concentration (SST), and as independent variable, the time of Ozone Oxidation Process, was evaluated with reference values of DQO of the black liquor adjusting its concentration from SST to 300 and 50mg/dm3. A batch reactor of 12,60dm3, an effective height of 3,2dm and an ozone generating device from SEFILTRA company (air flow of 2dm3/min, c(O3) of 9,50mg/dm3 with a O3(g) production 19mg/min) was used. The polynomic correlation was determined from 192 data sets with satisfactory adjustment level (R=0,92; p <0,001). Although, preliminarily, the DQO reduction (%RDQO) was not included in the polynomial relationship, it can be concluded that: a) The %RC and %RDQO is reduced when color and DQO increases from the ozonized sample at same time intervals; this reduction is greater when the SST levels of the ozonized sample increases. b) The %RC and %RDQO decrease when the SST level of the ozonized sample increases. c) Depending on the initial color, of the DQO and of the SST level of the sample, values from 10 to 53 %Rc were obtained after 10 min, and of 66 to 94 %Rc after 60 min.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In The Diagnosis Of Head And Neck Masses
Authors: Khdhayer Akeel A. , Al-Azawi Mazin Jasim , Al-Alash Nawal , Yasseen Hadeel A.
Published: April 2016

Background Commonly presenting neck masses occur within lymph nodes, thyroid, parotid and other salivary glands. Objective This study is designed to assess the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity in various head and neck lesions Material and method fine needle cytology and the histopathology were done on 100 patients who presented with palpable head and neck mass (es). Result Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detection of lymphoma is 50%, 90%, 70.0% respectively. While the overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy is 88%, 98%, 93%. Conclusion fine needle aspiration is a highly accurate method for primary diagnosis of neck masses apart from lymphoma.
A Goal Programming Model For Facility Location Planning
Authors: Basholli Albina , Kedhi Vasillaq , Cangonji Alisa
Published: April 2016

The aim of this paper is to apply Goal Programming in facility location. The feasibility project of a project idea on building an economic object is a defining moment in the decision making of the party that is investing on a certain project. Generally, the feasibility is done based on the global data extracted by the practical experience of building and functioning of similar existing object. However, it is understandable that the accuracy of the feasibility results is increased when different points of view are used in combination with exact methods of calculation. In this aspect, it is important to predict the income from the use of the object’s capacities. This leads to an intermediary problem which consists in predicting the most result oriented use of the object’s capacities. If the use of these capacities can be mathematically modeled through optimization models, then the basis of the data for evaluating the feasibility of the object becomes clearer. In this study was considered the possibility of using a mathematical model for the basin used by a yacht harbor. As a result, it is shown that the optimal use of a basin by a yacht harbor can be modeled as an objective function problem, which according to previously known methods can turn into a mathematical programming problem.
Amelioration Du Rendement Du Mil Par L’association Avec Le Niebe En Zone Sahelienne
Authors: Karim Toudou DaoudaAbdoul , Sanoussi Atta , Falalou Hamidou , Maârouhi Inoussa Maman , Yacoubou Bakasso , Mahamane Saadou
Published: April 2016

In Niger, agricultural production is based mainly on the association and rotation grains / legumes with generally low yields. To improve these yields, seeding effects and cowpea genotypes in combination with millet were studied in 2014 and 2015 in the Sahel region of Niger. The experimental device is a split plot design with three replications. cowpea genotypes were large plots, and two seeding (1: 1 and 1: 2, millet and cowpea) in small plots. In addition, four parcels of pure millet grown in the past two years have been used as control. Analysis of variance revealed that for cowpea, biomass yield, seed, weight of hundred seeds and seed harvest index were significantly affected by the genotypes for two years. However, there is no significant effect on the density and cowpea genotypes on grain yields of millet. In 2014, the biomass yield millet density 2 was lower than the density of one. The density 2 increased yields of cowpea and millet slightly diminish those.
The Use Of Physical Restraint: An Argumentative Essay
Authors: Abdeljawad Rami , Mrayyan Majd T.
Published: April 2016

This study was conducted to review the literature about the use of physical restraints as an argumentative issue. The use of physical restraints has been reported with varying prevalence from 41% to 64% according to epidemiological studies. In this study, the author reviewed the opinions of the opponent and proponent viewpoints regarding physical restraints from legal and ethical perspectives. The ideas of proponents implied that the use of physical restraints offers protection for patients and others as well as ensures introducing good treatment. On the other hand, the opponents think that the use of physical restraints is not well safe and associated with legal and ethical issues. Furthermore, psychological injuries and mental problems have been reported to be associated with the use of physical restraints. The author agrees with the opponents and does not support the use of physical restraints because it involves ethical, legal and health impacts.
Use of Association Rule Mining within the Framework of a Customer-Oriented Approach
Authors: Ali Alan Mehmet , Ince Ali Riza
Published: April 2016

In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether an association rule exists between the products sold, using the sales data of a supermarket with the data mining method within the framework of a customer-oriented approach. For this purpose, the Association Rule Mining Method was used, and analyses were carried out on existing data with the Apriori Algorithm that is widely used in this method. Various association rules were determined between the products sold as a result of these analyses. It was assessed that Association Rule Mining is an alternative technique to proactive customer orientation by revealing the latent purchasing behaviour patterns of the customers.
Contribuição interdisciplinar em Ciências Humanas. Primeiras notas
Authors: Neves Zanoni
Published: April 2016

Este artigo pretende investigar a contribuição teórica e prática entre as Ciências Humanas. Assim, temos a intenção de demonstrar a produção do conhecimento interdisciplinar, fundamental para o avanço das ciências. Por exemplo: A História utiliza alguns conceitos da Antropologia. Os juristas escrevem algumas leis com base na contribuição das Ciências Sociais. A descrição geográfica, incluindo a Cartografia, é valiosa para os Antropólogos.
Boletim eletrônico: um estudo de caso na biblioteca do instituto de física da universidade federal do rio de janeiro (IF/UFRJ)
Authors: Teixeira Robson Da Silva
Published: April 2016

Este artigo trata da elaboração de um Boletim Eletrônico como ferramenta de enfrentamento aos desafios impostos pelas Novas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação na disseminação da informação nas Universidades Públicas Brasileiras, tendo como parâmetro um estudo de caso no setor de referência da Biblioteca Plínio Sussekind Rocha do Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IF/UFRJ).