bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eupatorium birmanicum
Authors: Chongtham Rubina , Rani Madhu
Published: April 2020

Plants have been a source of treatment and a cure to various diseases and health conditions. India has immense traditional knowledge of useful plants of medicinal importance. This knowledge has been an intrinsic part of the lifestyles of various indigenous peoples in different parts of the country and has served as the basis of discovery/designing of modern medicines. One such region rich in traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is the north-east Indian state of Manipur. Eupatorium birmanicum DC known as Langthrei (Asteraceae), which is grown in every household and has a revered position, has anti-ulcer properties, and crushed fresh juice is taken orally to treat gastro-enteritis. There is an abundance of such ethnomedicinally important plants whose improved scientific understanding will improve their value in treating chronic conditions as well as conserving the plants and their knowledge. This chapter emphasizes the importance of E. birmanicum, discussing its various medicinal properties.
Therapeutic Importance and Application of Boswellic Acid From the Plant Boswellia serrata
Authors: Satpathy Raghunath
Published: April 2020

Traditionally, the gum resin produced from the Boswellia serrata plant has been used in as a therapeutical compound. The gum that contains a chemical known as boswellic acid, AKBA (3-O-acetyl-11 keto-β-boswellic acid), and widely in ayurvedic medicines. This is used to treat the disease like reduction in various inflammatory conditions of the skin, eye, as well as respiratory disorders such as asthma, bronchitis, and laryngitis. The boswellic acids were also found capable to inhibit both hemolysis and chemotaxis of leukocytes and were shown to work by inhibiting C3-convertase, a key enzyme of the classical complementary pathway. In addition to this, the compound shows beneficial effects in various pharmacological properties like immunomodulation activity, polyarthritis, activity against Hepatitis C-virus and other harmful microbes, Colitis and Crohn's disease, and so on. The boswellic acid is also used to treat patients with memory disorders. In this chapter, the chemical nature and isolation of boswellic acid and its therapeutic importance have been highlighted.
Extremal Index Estimation
Authors: Miranda Maria Cristina Souto
Published: April 2020

In finance it is crucial to understand the risk of occurrence of extreme events such as currency crises or stock market crashes. It is important to model the distribution of extreme events. Extreme value theory is known to accurately estimate quantiles and tail probabilities of financial asset returns. These kinds of data are usual related to heavy tailed distributions, where a relevant parameter is the tail index. Fitting data to heavy tail distributions usually assumes independent observations. However, the most usual real market scenario describes clusters of extreme events rather than isolated records over some period of time. In that case, estimating tail probabilities includes estimating the extremal index. This chapter describes the usual extremal index estimators based in different approaches and illustrates their values for a real financial data set. Computations are provided by the use of suitable R packages.
Evaluating Microeconomic Factors, Financial Crisis, and Stock Price Dynamics
Authors: Al-Malkawi Husam-Aldin N. , Pillai Rekha , AlShiab Mohammad S.
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the impact of microeconomic factors and the global financial crisis (GFC) on stock prices in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The study employs panel data techniques covering a sample of 277 firms listed in seven MENA countries for the period 2000-2015. The empirical model consists of eight microeconomic (firm-specific) variables and a dummy variable to capture the impact of global financial crisis. The results suggest that microeconomic factors play a vital role in determining stock prices in the MENA region. More specifically, factors such as return on equity, book value per share, dividend per share, earnings per share, and price-earnings ratio positively influence stock prices, while dividend yield and gearing have negative impact on stock prices. In addition, firm size posits a positive and statistically significant relationship with stock prices. However, the GFC seems to be insignificant determinant of stock prices in the case of MENA countries in the sample studied. This chapter provides several practical implications.
Machine Learning as an Enabler of Continuous and Adaptive Authentication in Multimedia Mobile Devices
Authors: Jorquera Valero José María , Sánchez Sánchez Pedro Miguel , Huertas Celdran Alberto , Martínez Pérez Gregorio
Published: April 2020

Continuous authentication systems allow users not to possess or remember something to authenticate themselves. These systems perform a permanent authentication that improves the security level of traditional mechanisms, which just authenticate from time to time. Despite the benefits of continuous authentication, the selection of dimensions and characteristics modelling of user's behaviour, and the creation and management of precise models based on Machine learning, are two important open challenges. This chapter proposes a continuous and adaptive authentication system that uses Machine Learning techniques based on the detection of anomalies. Applications usage and the location of the mobile device are considered to detect abnormal behaviours of users when interacting with the device. The proposed system provides adaptability to behavioural changes through the insertion and elimination of patterns. Finally, a proof of concept and several experiments justify the decisions made during the design and implementation of this work, as well as demonstrates its suitability and performance.
Network-Based Detection of Mirai Botnet Using Machine Learning and Feature Selection Methods
Authors: Al-Qerem Ahmad , Abutahoun Bushra Mohammed , Nashwan Shadi Ismail , Shakhatreh Shatha , Alauthman Mohammad , Almomani Ammar
Published: April 2020

The spread of IoT devices is significantly increasing worldwide with a low design security that makes it more easily compromised than desktop computers. This gives rise to the phenomenon of IoT-based botnet attacks such as Mirai botnet, which have recently emerged as a high-profile threat that continues. Accurate and timely detection methods are required to identify these attacks and mitigate these new threats. To do so, this chapter will implement a network-based anomaly detection approach for the Mirai botnet using various machine learning and feature selection algorithms. Authors use Multiphase Genetic Algorithm section methods and PSO to select the best subfield of features capable of producing good overall classification results, and with this Feature Selection Algorithm, Random forest algorithm can detect all anomaly behavior with 100% accuracy.
The Power of Educational Leadership in Rural, Impoverished Areas
Authors: Chase Jacquelynne Anne
Published: April 2020

This chapter presents a thorough review of the literature on the role that educational leadership plays in supporting the education of students living in rural poverty in the US. The author ties in her personal experience teaching fifth grade in a rural elementary school and the challenges her students faced. The anecdotal evidence contextualizes the information presented in the scholarly research. This chapter is divided into three main sections: (1) effective support from school leaders, (2) the role of teacher leaders, and (3) impacting students' home-lives. The realities of rural education are explained with the intention of igniting a call-to-action to not overlook the impoverished communities that are outside of city limits.
Research on the Rules of Electronic Evidence in Chinese Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Du Jin , Ding Liping , Chen Guangxuan
Published: April 2020

As a new object in judicial practice, electronic evidence is of great practical significance. To locate the probative force of electronic evidence, which can be used to prove the facts of the crime, judging the electronic evidence validity, and how to establish scientific rules of electronic evidence, which not only effectively contains crime, but also protects civil rights from illegal infringement of state power becomes very important. This article outlines the definition of electronic evidence and rules and establishes a suitable electronic evidence system of China's criminal procedure system based on the analysis of problems in each link of judicial proof in judicial practice and the four aspects of judicial proof.
An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Approach With Rough Entropy Measure to Detect Outliers in Two Universal Sets
Authors: Sangeetha T.  , Geetha Mary A.
Published: April 2020

The process of recognizing patterns, collecting knowledge from massive databases is called data mining. An object which does not obey and deviates from other objects by their characteristics or behavior are known as outliers. Research works carried out so far on outlier detection were focused only on numerical data, categorical data, and in single universal sets. The main goal of this article is to detect outliers significant in two universal sets by applying the intuitionistic fuzzy cut relationship based on membership and non-membership values. The proposed method, weighted density outlier detection, is based on rough entropy, and is employed to detect outliers. Since it is unsupervised, without considering class labels of decision attributes, weighted density values for all conditional attributes and objects are calculated to detect outliers. For experimental analysis, the Iris dataset from the UCI repository is taken to detect outliers, and comparisons have been made with existing algorithms to prove its efficiency.
Managing Asymmetric Information Effects in Decision-Making Productivity-Based Model
Authors: Houhamdi Zina , Athamena Belkacem , El Refae Ghaleb
Published: April 2020

Making the correct decision requires the possession of sufficient information regarding each alternative possible solution. Nevertheless, the investigation of all possible solutions to select the best alternative is complex and expensive. This article addresses the Principal-Agent problem, where the key feature is asymmetric information. Asymmetric information approaches the decision investigations in a business context, where one participant possesses more or better information than the second party. The authors consider the case where the principal is more knowledgeable than the agent. The article proposes a formal model for assessing agent competence based on his productivity and the principal assessment. The model output helps the agent to make the correct decision.
A Fast and Effective Watermarking Method for Medical Data security
Authors: Soualmi Abdallah , Alti Adel , Laouamer Lamri
Published: April 2020

Personal health information is considered a target for illegal users that attempt to read, delete, and/or steal data. Therefore, watermarking techniques offer new ways to protect sensitive data transferred over the Internet. This article presents a novel watermarking approach for securing sensitive data in e-health applications based on DWT and Schur decomposition coefficients. The proposed approach aims to offer a valuable balance between robustness and imperceptibility. Several experiments were conducted using a standard dataset of medical images. The experiments achieved promising results for high-level data protection and good imperceptibility values compared to existing works.
Transmission Range Changing Effects on Location Privacy-Preserving Schemes in the Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Babaghayou Messaoud , Labraoui Nabila , Abba Ari Ado Adamou , Gueroui Abdelhak Mourad
Published: April 2020

The internet of vehicles (IoV) is getting a considerable amount of attention from different research parties. IoV aims at enhancing the driving experience with its wide range of applications varying from safety, road management to entertainment; however, some of such applications bring severe security and privacy issues; identity exposing, and location tracking are good examples. By enabling vehicles to send their statuses to themselves via beacon messages, this creates an environmental awareness for safety purposes but also exposes them to the aforementioned attacks. A lot of work has been done to mitigate the effect of such attacks but still does not provide a holistic solution. In this article, which is an extension to a prior work, the authors investigate the effects of changing the transmission range while sending beacons on the achieved level of location privacy based on two location privacy schemes: SLOW and CAPS. The authors use additional privacy metrics in addition to comparing the strategies in some well-known security attacks. The outcomes confirm the feasibility of using such a mechanism.
Non-existence of geometric minimal foliations in hyperbolic three-manifolds
Authors: Wolf Michael , Wu Yunhui
Published: April 2020

We show that every three-dimensional hyperbolic manifold admits no locally geometric 1-parameter family of closed minimal surfaces. Here such a geometric family has normal deformations at a point that depend only the principal curvatures of that leaf at that point.
Small local action of singular integrals on spaces of non-homogeneous type
Authors: Jaye Benjamin , Merchán Tomás
Published: April 2020

Fix

d\geq 2

and

s\in (0,d)

. In this paper we introduce a notion called
small local action
associated to a singular integral operator, which is a necessary condition for the existence of the principal value integral. Our goal is to understand the geometric properties of a measure for which an associated singular integral has small local action. We revisit Mattila's theory of symmetric measures and relate, under the condition that the measure has finite upper density, the existence of small local action to the cost of transporting the measure to a collection of symmetric measures. As an application, we obtain a soft proof of a theorem of Ruiz de Villa and Tolsa on the measures for which the principal value integral associated with the

s

-Riesz transform exists if

s\not\in \mathbb{Z}

. Furthermore, we provide a considerable generalization of this theorem if

s\in (d-1,d)

.
Harnack Type Inequalities and Multiple Solutions in Cones of Nonlinear Problems
Authors: Herlea Diana-Raluca , O'Regan Donal , Precup Radu
Published: April 2020

The paper presents an abstract theory regarding operator equations and systems in ordered Banach spaces. We obtain existence, localization and multiplicity results of positive solutions using Krasnosel'skii's fixed point theorem in cones, and a Harnack type inequality. Concerning systems, the localization is established by the vector version of Krasnosel'skii's theorem, where the compression-expansion conditions are expressed on components. The approach is sufficiently general to cover and unify a large number of results on particular classes of problems. It also can guide future research in this direction.
Excesso de confiança: análise comparativa da capacidade cognitiva de julgamento entre profissionais de mercado e estudantes de graduação
Authors: Crabbi Thais Mota , Pereira Clesia Camilo , Silva Cesar Augusto Tiburcio
Published: April 2020

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar a relação do viés cognitivo excesso de confiança entre profissionais de mercado e estudantes de graduação. O procedimento utilizado para coleta de dados foi a aplicação de um questionário com perguntas popularmente conhecidas como questões de conhecimento geral, sendo que, para cada questão, o indivíduo aponta sua confiança na resposta dada. A pesquisa contou com uma amostra de 424 indivíduos das três áreas científicas: Humanidades, Ciências Exatas e Ciências da Vida, sendo 270 estudantes de graduação e 154 profissionais já estabelecidos no mercado de trabalho. Para análise do excesso de confiança foi utilizado o modelo formulado por Murphy (1973), cuja fórmula derivou do Brier Score. Também foram verificadas as relações quanto à calibração, por meio da metodologia de Lichtenstein, Fischhoff e Phillips (1982), e a acuidade, proporção de respostas corretas. Os resultados demonstraram que os profissionais de mercado são mais excessivamente confiantes do que os estudantes de graduação. Os estudantes acertaram proporcionalmente mais questões em cada categoria de confiança, mas obtiveram uma menor calibração em seus julgamentos de probabilidade. Além disso, verificou-se, também, a relação entre o excesso de confiança, acuidade e calibração no tocante à qualificação dos profissionais, à relação entre gêneros feminino e masculino relacionados às três áreas científicas, entre idade, entre os cursos mais representativos da amostra e o grau de dificuldade das questões.
A powerful history told badly
Authors: Silva Nadine
Published: April 2020

You wouldn’t buy a ticket to a movie if the trailer was awful, right? Therefore, when non-Indigenous people only catch superficially boring glimpses of Aboriginal History, it’s no surprise they grow apathetic towards learning more. This essay explores why a powerful history is still being told so badly.
The impacts of control, racism, and colonialism on contemporary Aboriginal-police relations
Authors: Green Joshua
Published: April 2020

Many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are still treated differently in their interactions with the police. By analysing the histories of the New South Wales Police Force, policy, and Indigenous affairs, this essay seeks to analyse the multifaceted factors which have given rise to contemporary Aboriginal police relations.
Estimates of lightning NOx production based on high-resolution OMI NO2 retrievals over the continental US
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yin Yan , van der A Ronald , Lapierre Jeff L. , Chen Qian , Kuang Xiang , Yan Shuqi , Chen Jinghua , He Chuan , Shi Rulin
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Lightning serves as the dominant source of nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) in the upper troposphere (UT), with a strong impact on ozone chemistry and the hydroxyl radical production.
However, the production efficiency (PE) of lightning nitrogen oxides (LNOx) is still quite uncertain (32–1100 mol NO per flash).
Satellite measurements are a powerful tool to estimate LNOx directly compared to conventional platforms.
To apply satellite data in both clean and polluted regions, a new algorithm for calculating LNOx has been developed that uses the Berkeley High-Resolution (BEHR) v3.0B NO2 retrieval algorithm and the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem).
LNOx PE over the continental US is estimated using the NO2 product of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) data and the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) data.
Focusing on the summer season during 2014, we find that the lightning NO2 (LNO2) PE is 32±15 mol NO2 per flash and 6±3 mol NO2 per stroke while LNOx PE is 90±50 mol NOx per flash and 17±10 mol NOx per stroke.
Results reveal that our method reduces the sensitivity to the background NO2 and includes much of the below-cloud LNO2.
As the LNOx parameterization varies in studies, the sensitivity of our calculations to the setting of the amount of lightning NO (LNO) is evaluated.
Careful consideration of the ratio of LNO2 to NO2 is also needed, given its large influence on the estimation of LNO2 PE.
Greenland liquid water runoff from 1979 through 2017
Authors: Mankoff Kenneth D. , Ahlstrøm Andreas P. , Colgan William , Fausto Robert S. , Fettweis Xavier , Kondo Ken , Langley Kirsty , Noël Brice , Sugiyama Shin , van As Dirk
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We provide high-resolution datasets of Greenland hydrologic outlets, basins, and streams, and a 1979 through 2017 time series of Greenland liquid water runoff for each outlet. Outlets, basins, and streams are derived from traditional hydrologic routing algorithms over the surface of a 100 m ArcticDEM digital elevation model (DEM) twice: Once to the ice margin and once to the coast. We then partition liquid water runoff from both ice and land from two regional climate models (RCMs; MAR and RACMO) into each basin and at each outlet location. The data include 18903 ice basins and outlets (614 basins greater than 10 km2), 30241 land basins and outlets (958 basins greater than 10 km2), major streams in each basin, and daily runoff water volume flow rate at each outlet from each of two RCMs. We perform a sensitivity study of outlet location change for every ice sheet location over a range of hydrologic routing assumptions and data sets. Annual runoff from the ice ranges from ~136 km3 in 1992 to ~785 km3 in 2012. Daily maximum ice runoff from one basin is as large as 4380 m3 s−1. Both ice runoff magnitude and variability increase over the time series. Land runoff contributes an additional ∼ 35 % to the ice runoff. Comparison with 9 basins instrumented with stream gauges shows a range of (dis)agreement from poor to excellent between our estimated discharge and observations. As part of the journal’s living archive option, and our goal to make an operational product, all input data, code, and results from this study will be updated as needed (when new input data are available, as new features are added, or to fix bugs) and made available at https://doi.org/10.22008/promice/data/freshwater_runoff/v01 (Mankoff, 2020) and at http://github.com/mankoff/freshwater.
Bardsey – an island in a strong tidal stream: Underestimating coastal tides due to unresolved topography
Authors: Green J. A. Mattias , Pugh David T.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Bardsey Island is located at the western end of the Llŷn Peninsula in north-west Wales Separated from the mainland by a channel some 3 km wide, it is surrounded by reversing tidal streams of up to 4 ms−1 at spring tides. These local hydrodynamic details and their consequences are unresolved by satellite altimetry, nor are they represented in regional tidal models. Here we look at the effects of the island in the strong tidal stream in terms of the formation and shedding of eddies, and the budgets for tidal energy dissipation. We show, using local observation and a satellite altimetry constrained product, that the island has a large impact on the tidal stream, and that even the latest altimetry database seriously under-represents the tidal stream due to the island not being resolved. The effect of the island leads to an underestimate of the current speed in the altimetry data in the channel of up to a factor of three, depending on tidal state, and the average tidal energy resource is underestimated by a factor 6. The observed tidal amplitudes are higher at the mainland than at the island, and there is a detectable phase lag in the tide across the island – this effect is not seen in the altimetry data. The underestimate of the tide in the altimetry data has consequences for tidal dissipation and wake effect computation and show that local observations are key to correctly estimate tidal energetics around small-scale coastal topography.
Discrete element modeling of a subduction zone with a seafloor irregularity and its impact on the seismic cycle
Authors: Jiao Liqing , Chan Chung-Han , Scholtès Luc , Hubert-Ferrari Aurélia , Donzé Frédéric-Victor , Tapponnier Paul
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Seafloor irregularities influence rupture behavior along the subducting slab and in the overriding plate, thus affecting earthquake cycles. Whether seafloor irregularities increase the likelihood of large earthquakes in a subduction zone remains contested, partially due to focus put either on fault development or on rupture pattern. Here, we simulate a subducting slab with a seafloor irregularity and the resulting deformation pattern of the overriding plate using the discrete element method. Our simulations illustrate the rupture along three major fault systems: megathrust, splay and backthrust faults. Our results show different rupture dimensions of earthquake events varying from tens to ca. 140 km. Our results suggest that the recurrence interval of megathrust events with rupture length of ca. 100 km is ca. 140 years, which is overall comparable to the paleoseismic records at the Mentawai area of the Sumatran zone. We further propose the coseismic slip amounts decrease and interseismic slip amounts increase from the surface downwards gradually. We conclude that the presence of seafloor irregularities significantly affects rupture events along the slab as well as fault patterns in the overriding plate.
Spatial distribution and post-depositional diffusion of stable water
isotopes in East Antarctica
Authors: Kanthanathan Mahalinganathan , Meloth Thamban , Ejaz Tariq , Redkar Bhikaji L. , Madhavanpillai Laluraj C.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We have analysed the spatial variations in the mean stable water isotopic values, snow accumulation patterns and moisture sources along coast to inland transects in central Dronning Maud Land (cDML) and Princess Elizabeth Land (PEL) regions of East Antarctica. The δD and δ18O varied systematically from coastal to inland regions in cDML and PEL regions in response to the surface air temperature. While the elevation effect was not clearly visible, the isotope variations appeared to be associated with snow accumulation in cDML region and temperature in PEL region, which ultimately are associated with elevation. Further, a clear influence of topography on the snow accumulation was observed in cDML region. Such an observation was not recorded in PEL transect, apparently due to the strong snow redistribution in this region due to katabatic winds. The moisture sources to the study areas were identified using HYSPLIT backtrajectory calculations. The major sources of precipitation during summer arrived from the south Atlantic ocean in the cDML and the Indian Ocean in PEL. During winter, the sources of precipitation in cDML extended to Weddell Sea while in PEL, the sources extended up to 50° S in the Indian Ocean. In order to understand the post-depositional isotope diffusion processes in firn, a firn core which was drilled close to the cDML transect, five years after the snow core transect, was analysed in comparison with snow records. Our study showed a significant isotope amplitude diffusion with a diffusion length of 6 cm from the surface to 4 m depth in 5 years.
Serum negative immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangiopathy mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and review
Authors: Nwaduru Chinedu , Couri Thomas , Pillai Anjana
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangiopathy (IAC) is a systemic manifestation of IgG4-related diseases manifesting with an increased serum level of IgG4. Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangiopathy often has a robust clinical response to steroid therapy, however making a diagnosis can be difficult as the cholangiographic features may resemble that of cholangiocarcinoma with varying immunological profiles. In the absence of features suggestive of malignancy, a high index of suspicion for the disease should be maintained, even in the presence of normal serum levels of IgG4.

Case Report: In this case report, the diagnosis of IAC was made following cholangiographic imaging, along with the presence of retroperitoneal fibrosis and thickened urothelia, although serum IgG4 levels were within normal limits. The resolution of biliary strictures following a trial of steroid therapy further confirmed the diagnosis.

Conclusion: Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangiopathy requires a combination of clinical, serological, histopathological, and radiological features in order to make a clear diagnosis. A trial of steroid therapy in the event of an unclear clinical presentation further helps in differentiating IAC from hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
A Perspective From the Middle East on the Topic of Concussion
Authors: Chemali Z. , Ezzeddine F. , Tcheroyan R. , Acar D.
Published: April 2020

Background: Concussion is the most prevalent form of traumatic brain injury. Western countries debate it as a public health issue. Middle Eastern (ME) countries lag behind with a concussion incidence surveillance of 25% that of European countries.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to review concussion resulting from traumatic brain or sports injuries in civilian nationals of the ME.

Methods: We carried out PubMed literature search of all related articles in the past thirty years using search terms reflecting concussion and sports injuries in ME countries of Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

Results: 72 articles met our search criteria with relatively little data found on concussion within the parameters of this review. However, the reports that were found were diverse. Israel, Turkey and Iran led in publications. Motor vehicle accidents were the leading cause of concussion from TBI (50-57%) followed by domestic injuries (30-40%) and sports injuries at 4-7%. Extremity injuries were most commonly reported unlike head injuries often invisible and underreported. Male gender, young children, pedestrian and car traffic accidents, lack of protective gear, cell phone use, impulsive behaviors as well as training overload, lack of sleep, contact sports and violence were all risk factors for concussion.

Conclusions: In this review, we highlighted the nascent topic of concussion in the ME and the need for additional research dictating awareness programs and implementing new safety policies to lower morbidity and mortality across all ages.
Effective or Stupid? – A Note on the Organizational Economy
Authors: Brunsson Karin
Published: April 2020

The paper builds on the assertion that formal organizations were established to pursue specific interests. Management should contribute to organizational success, but which type of management is most effectual was debated for over one hundred years. The debate, including self-referential criticism, helped strengthen the idea of the formal organization, making effectiveness a legitimate and taken-for-granted managerial objective. This, in turn, helped sustain the organizational economy. The paper makes a distinction between intentional stupidity - designed for individuals within organizations, and accidental stupidity - the effects of organizational egoism on global sustainability. It suggests that there are echoes of the past not yet listened to, but with potentially radical implications for the world economy.
Traffickers: Are They Business People, Psychopaths or Both?
Authors: Okeke Jennifer , Duffy Mel , McElvaney Rosaleen
Published: April 2020

Human trafficking has become a very contentious issue, constituting one of the most grievous human rights violations and most lucrative activities for criminal gangs and individuals. The selling and buying of human beings as a commodity has become so profitable and the industry so big that armed groups and terrorist organisations are turning to trafficking in people as a source of income to fund their organisations. Traffickers motivated by profit take advantage of vulnerable individuals, ignoring the consequences of their actions on those lives. The trafficker’s apparent lack of empathy or guilt and the ability to shut the self off from the impact of their actions is not unlike some of the noted characteristics of a psychopath. This chapter reviews published literature on trafficking and discusses whether there are psychopathic tendencies among traffickers or if they are primarily motivated by profit alone.
Psychosomatic Inpatient Rehabilitation for People with Depression in Germany
Authors: F. Tauber Ralf , Nisch Carola , M. Qureshi Mutahira , Patsalos Olivia , Himmerich Hubertus
Published: April 2020

In Germany, inpatient therapy for depression mainly takes place in either health insurance-financed psychiatric hospitals, or in pension insurance-financed, psychotherapy-focused, psychosomatic rehabilitation hospitals. In psychiatric hospitals, the diagnosis is made according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), and therapeutic attempts are made to achieve remission, whereas in rehabilitation hospitals, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) plays an essential diagnostic role. Accordingly, the main German pension insurance, Deutsche Rentenversicherung, has developed a rehabilitation therapy standard for depressive disorders. In this chapter, we focus on the psychotherapeutic inpatient rehabilitation for patients with depression based on an example of a specialized psychotherapeutic hospital. This example illustrates how psychotherapeutic inpatient rehabilitation can be tailored to the individual’s needs and may include any of the following therapeutic modalities: Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Schema Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), pharmacotherapy, group therapy for comorbid conditions, skills training, psychoeducation, occupational therapy (OT), movement therapy, physiotherapy, music therapy, social work, family work, and self-help groups. People with depression may benefit from this service model of psychosomatic inpatient rehabilitation beyond symptom remission, as it focuses on increasing people’s functional level as well as their quality of life.
Vegetação lenhosa de regiões semiáridas em diferentes altitudes
Authors: Santos Wedson Batista dos , Marangon Luiz Carlos , Freire Fernando José , Braz Rafael Leite , Torres José Edson de Lima , Santos José Nailson Barros
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diversidade florística em diferentes altitudes na região do Araripe em Pernambuco, Brasil. Metodologicamente, a região foi estratificada em três níveis de altitude: inferior (até 600 m), intermediário (maior que 600 e menor que 750 m) e superior (igual ou maior que 750 m). Foram inventariados nove fragmentos florestais, três por estrato altitudinal. Em cada fragmento, distribuíramse 20 unidades amostrais retangulares, de 250 m² cada, totalizando área amostral de 4,5 ha. Nas áreas amostrais foram quantificados, coletados e identificados todos os indivíduos lenhosos com nível de inclusão de circunferências a altura do peito (CAP) maior ou igual a 0,10 m (CAP a 1,30 m ≥ 0,10 m). Analisou-se, riqueza e similaridade florística entre fragmentos e níveis de altitudes. Foram amostrados 6.987 indivíduos, distribuídos em 35 famílias botânica, 82 gêneros e 153 espécies. A região apresenta grande riqueza florística, com variação entre e dentro dos três níveis altitudinais, com tendência de aumento na diversidade com a elevação da altitude. A maioria das espécies apresentaram pouca plasticidade fenotípica, com ocorrência e abundância restrita ao fragmento ou altitude. Em pequenas distâncias geográficas foram diagnosticadas relevantes variações fitofisionômicas, o que corrobora a importância da estratificação de altitudes e replicação de fragmentos na amostragem. Pelo nível de degradação antropogênica e a intensificação das atividades florestais da região, faz-se necessário e urgente a criação de políticas públicas voltadas para práticas sustentáveis no uso da floresta e seu processo de conservação. Para tanto, o negligenciamento a esta problemática, coloca em risco de extinção uma grande representação da diversidade vegetacional do nordeste brasileiro.
Especialização e localização do valor bruto da produção dos produtos madeireiros nativos nas microrregiões da Paraíba (1994 – 2017)
Authors: Coelho Junior Luiz Moreira , Santos Júnior Edvaldo Pereira , Borges Luís Antônio Coimbra , Silva Márcio Lopes da
Published: April 2020

Este artigo analisou o padrão de especialização e localização do Valor Bruto da Produção (VBP) dos produtos madeireiros nativos nas microrregiões da Paraíba de 1994 a 2017. A coleta de dados realizou-se a partir das informações disponíveis da Produção da Extração Vegetal e da Silvicultura (PEVS) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os indicadores empregados foram: o quociente locacional (QL), o coeficiente locacional (CL), o coeficiente de redistribuição (CRED), o coeficiente de associação geográfica (Cag), o coeficiente de especialização (CE) e o coeficiente de reestruturação (Cr). Os resultados evidenciaram que a lenha foi o principal produto madeireiro extraído nas microrregiões da Paraíba; apenas a microrregião do Serra de Teixeira apresentou relevância na extração de madeira em tora; a lenha foi o produto madeireiro que apresentou maior redistribuição; nos anos finais da análise as microrregiões do Litoral Norte e do Cariri Ocidental foram as mais especializadas, com ênfase na extração de lenha e as microrregiões do Litoral Norte, Cariri Ocidental, João Pessoa e Litoral Sul foram as que apresentaram maior mudança no padrão de extração dos produtos madeireiros com relação a 1994. A partir deste estudo é possível a orientação de políticas públicas que promovam o extrativismo vegetal de forma renovável para o suprimento da demanda energética e que possibilite o desenvolvimento de regiões.
O direito à escolarização de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas no Brasil: uma análise a partir do pensamento complexo e da teoria crítica
Authors: Sousa Francisca Maria , Silva Maria Celeste Ramos
Published: April 2020

O empreendimento deste artigo tem como objetivo dar ênfase sobre o processo de escolarização de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas no Brasil. Consideramos que o impacto do adoecimento crônico e os prejuízos associados à doença, podem (in)visibilizar sua participação e protagonismo no espaço escolar e por conseguinte na sociedade. Muitos estudos sobre a experiência do adoecimento crônico, na perspectiva socioantropológica nas últimas décadas, se intensificou no Brasil valendo-se de referenciais de experiência que privilegiam o ponto de vista das pessoas em suas narrativas, contrapondo-se à concepção biomédica. Nesse sentido, metodologicamente, para este empreendimento, nos valeremos das concepções da teoria crítica e da complexidade. Ao recorremos tais concepções, foi possível considerar que, tanto as marcas que (in)visibilizam crianças adolescentes com doenças crônicas na escola, são também as que colocam seus familiares/cuidadores, assim como professores em condições desiguais de exclusão e humilhação social, sob a ordem do preconceito e discriminação. Na mesma medida que nos aponta para a necessidade de maior aprofundamento no que se refere às possibilidades e aos desafios sofridos cotidianamente, mas principalmente e efetivamente sobre seus direitos e amparo à vida escolar, do mesmo modo que indica maior responsabilidade do Estado para ampliação das políticas públicas de amparo e proteção social à esse público.
Risco de zoonose por parasitos do trato digestório de jundiás (rhamdia quellen) coletados em reservatório de água da região central do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: De La Rue Mário Luiz , Ceolin Lilian Varini , Tomalok Carina De Castro Gabriel , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Becker Alexssandro Geferson , Almeida Francis De Mattos , Pereira Junior Joaber
Published: April 2020

A zoonose causada por larvas da família Anisakidae, através da ingestão de carne crua de peixes, pode trazer alterações patológicas no Sistema Digestório. Desta maneira, cinqüenta e três peixes jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) foram coletados do Reservatório Costa e Silva, utilizado para captação de água para abastecimento da cidade de Santa Maria (RS), entre setembro de 2005 e agosto de 2006. Dentre esses peixes, foi observada infecção por parasitos gastrintestinais em 41 indivíduos (77,35%), havendo classificação dos parasitos como pertencentes à família Anisakidae, e 1 indivíduo como do gênero Contracaecum. A análise dos dados justifica a importância no controle sanitário de pescados de modo a evitar riscos aos seres humanos.
Contexto de vida de pessoas usuárias de drogas na perspectiva de gênero
Authors: Oliveira Michele Mandagará , Coimbra Valéria Cristina Christello , Ferreira Roberta Zaffalon , Alves Poliana Farias , Silveira Karine Langmantel , Camargo Paola De Oliveira , Haack Gabriela Lanzetta , Pereira Gabriela Botelho , Leite Suelen Cardoso
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Caracterizar o contexto de vida e vulnerabilidade de pessoas usuárias de drogas na perspectiva do gênero. Método: Estudo transversal exploratório com 505 usuários de drogas. Foram consideradas as variáveis: sexo, perfil socioeconômico e eventos ocorridos no último ano. Resultados: Observa-se que mulheres usuárias de drogas, mesmo em menor número do que os homens, apresentam maior ocorrência de violência sofrida e abuso sexual, perda de seus filhos para o conselho tutelar e mudanças em seus hábitos de vida, como o sono. Conclusões: É necessário refletir a respeito do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas sobre a atenção oferecida para as pessoas que considerem a perspectiva de gênero.
Atenção farmacêutica em dermatologia: fármacos e antiacneicos
Authors: Piana Mariana , Canto Gizele Scotti do
Published: April 2020

Atenção farmacêutica é um modelo de prática farmacêutica que compreende atitudes, valores éticos, conhecimento científico, habilidades de comunicação e responsabilidades por parte do farmacêutico sobre a farmacoterapia, o uso racional de medicamentos e a prevenção de doenças. Para uma atenção farmacêutica adequada, o Farmacêutico dispõe de técnicas para realizar a dispensação dos medicamentos visando o entendimento do tratamento pelo paciente. Entre os principais medicamentos prescritos para o tratamento da acne, doença inflamatória crônica do folículo pilosebáceo, estão os antibióticos e os retinóides, cuja potência farmacológica está associada a importantes efeitos toxicológicos.  Neste sentido, a orientação ao paciente no momento da dispensação, quanto ao uso correto do medicamento, contra-indicações, possíveis reações adversas e interações medicamentosas, serão extremamente importantes para garantir uma terapia segura e eficaz.
Interações medicamentosas, reações adversas e ajuste de dose de medicamentos utilizados por pacientes em hemodiálise
Authors: Spanevello Stella , Locatelli Cristiane , Bandeira Vanessa Adelina Casali , Colet Christiane De Fátima
Published: April 2020

Objetiva avaliar o perfil de segurança dos medicamentos utilizados quanto à necessidade de ajuste de dose, potenciais interações e descrever as reações adversas dos medicamentos utilizados por pacientes em hemodiálise. Estudo transversal e analítico, com coleta de dados por meio da aplicação de questionário à pacientes em hemodiálise e acesso aos prontuários. Participaram 91 pacientes, com média de medicamentos de 7,8±2,88 por paciente e 81,3% faz uso de polifarmácia. Identificou-se que 64,8% dos pacientes estão expostos a pelo menos uma interação potencial, 61,4% dos medicamentos necessitam ter sua dose ajustada e 36,3% dos pacientes relataram reação adversa ao medicamento. Os pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise requerem maior atenção e acompanhamento no que se referem a sua terapia farmacológica, para o qual é fundamental a atuação de equipe interdisciplinar com vistas a reduzir potenciais interações, reações adversas a medicamentos e contribuir para uma melhor qualidade de vida e sobrevida destes pacientes.
Estimulação diafragmática elétrica transcutânea na ventilação mecânica invasiva
Authors: Ferreira Elenice Gomes , Cantagalli Marcela , Molina Filho Ênio Teixeira , Fischer Jefferson , Antunes Mateus Dias , Leme Daniel Eduardo Cunha , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de
Published: April 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da EDET no processo de desmame ventilatório e na redução do tempo da utilização do suporte ventilatório invasivo. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado, realizado em hospital privado no município de Sarandi/PR. Amostra composta por 20 pacientes, sendo nove pertencentes ao grupo intervenção e 11 ao grupo controle. A aplicação da EDET teve início no primeiro dia após a avaliação dos pacientes, as sessões foram realizadas até a extubação, uma vez ao dia e com um período de duração de quinze minutos. Verificou-se diminuição significativa (p=0,0434) do tempo de permanência do grupo intervenção (média de 8,4 dias) quando comparado com o grupo controle (média de 14 dias). Conclui-se que a EDET pode diminuir o tempo de permanência do paciente na ventilação mecânica.
Drinking, smoking and type a polydrug behaviours: Psychosocial factors among Portuguese university students
Authors: Mostardinha António Ramalho , Pereira Anabela
Published: April 2020

Aim

This paper aims to describe alcohol, tobacco and type A polydrug consumption among university students.

Method

A cross-sectional study was performed. Through a convenience sampling, a total of 338 were included (51.8% male with a mean age of 20.6 years, SD = 3.4). Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed by sociodemographic and substance consumption and behaviours variables. Spearman's correlation coefficients were assessed to measure the strength and direction of the association between sociodemographic and substance consumption variables. To evaluate type A polydrug consumption, multivariate logistic regression models were performed.

Results

It was observed significant correlations between tobacco consumption with cannabis and alcohol involvement, and coping, conformity, social, enhancement drinking motives. About alcohol consumption, there were observed relations with students’ social environment, and with enhancement, conformity and social drinking motives. Regarding sociodemographic factors on type A polydrug consumption it was verified that students who have parents and friends who smoke are more likely to polydrug.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that interventions focused on substance consumption may need to address descriptive and injunctive norms, drinking motives and social environment as part of the student’s consumption behaviours.
Interação do tratamento de sementes e da mistura em tanque de herbicidas na seletividade para o arroz irrigado
Authors: Catoni Julio Marcos , Oliveira Neto Antonio Mendes de , Riscarolli Cristiano , Guerra Naiara
Published: April 2020

A elevada fitointoxicação após a aplicação de herbicidas tem se tornado cada vez mais frequentes em função da mistura em tanque de herbicidas praticada a campo, pressionadas pelo aumento do espectro de controle e pelo avanço da resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho avaliar a interação do tratamento de sementes com uma formulação comercial de fungicida e inseticida com a aplicação de mistura em tanque de herbicidas no arroz irrigado, cultivado no sistema pré-germinado, na região do Alto Vale do Itajaí, SC. O experimento foi conduzido em uma área comercial sistematizada para o sistema pré-germinado, com a cultivar SCS 121 CL. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se dois níveis de tratamento de sementes (com ou sem) e quatro tratamentos herbicidas (sem herbicida, [imazapyr + imazapic] + bentazon, [imazapyr + imazapic] + saflufenacil e [imazapyr + imazapic] + bentazon + saflufenacil). A primeira aplicação foi realizada em V2 apenas com a mistura comercial de [imazapyr + imazapic] e a segunda aplicação foi realizada em V3 com tratamentos. As variáveis avaliadas foram fitointoxicação, número de plantas por metro quadrado, número de perfilhos por planta, número de panículas por metro quadrado, número de grãos por panícula, massa da panícula, esterilidade de espiguetas, massa de mil grãos e produtividade de grãos. Concluiu-se que o tratamento de sementes com a mistura formulada de fungicida e inseticida reduziu a fitointoxicação da mistura de [imazapyr + imazapic] + bentazon + saflufenacil. Além disso, houve superioridade numérica nos componentes de rendimento e na produtividade de grãos com o tratamento de semente.