bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of sensitive skin on work productivity and health-related quality of life
Authors: Smith Adam , Tselenti Evi , Lappin Victoria , Smith Neil , Fawkes Neil
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveSensitive skin is known to have a negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and daily activities, but what is not known is to what extent this condition affects individuals’ working life. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of sensitive skin on HRQoL and work productivity.ResultsA total of 3048 participants completed the work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) and the AQoL-4D online, (1964 females, 64.4%) with almost equal numbers of participants self-reporting sensitive or non-sensitive skin. Self-reported sensitive skin was associated with poorer HRQoL, particularly mental health. HRQOL showed a positive linear relationship with participant age. Self-reported sensitive skin was associated with higher levels of absenteeism (11%); Presenteeism (19%); Work Impairment (25%) and Overall Activity Impairment (20%). On average, participants with self-reported sensitive skin missed 4.55 working hours per week compared to 2.4 hours for those not reporting sensitive skin (p<0.0001). This study demonstrated that sensitive skin has a significant detrimental impact on individuals. It extends previous research that has focussed on quality of life and daily activities, to underline the negative affect of sensitive skin on work productivity, highlighting the burden of sensitive at both a humanistic and economic level.
Selection of Brucella abortus mimetic epitopes for fast diagnostic purposes
Authors: Santos Fabiana Almeida Araújo , Fujimura Patrícia Tiemi , Vaz Emília Rezende , Castro Ana Cristina Honorato , Madurro Ana Graci Brito , Goulart Vivian Alonso , Bastos Luciana Machado , Fonseca Belchiolina Beatriz , Lima Anna Monteiro Correia , Filho Luiz Ricardo Goulart
Published: September 2022

Background: Bovine brucellosis is a disease that significantly impacts animal production and human health. Although many sensitive diagnostic tests are used, there is still no ideal fast serological test for all epidemiological situations. In this context, we developed peptides that mimic regions of antigenic proteins of Brucella abortus and can be used in serological diagnosis. Results: From phage display technology, we randomly selected nine clones of phage displaying peptide binders to B. abortus. These clones were sequenced and translated. After molecular docking analysis, two peptides (Ba4 and Ba9) were selected, chemically synthesized, and verified for their potential diagnostic value. By enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), Ba9 showed a sensitivity of up to 97.5% to detect antibodies circulating in animals with brucellosis. We incorporated the peptide Ba9 onto a bioelectrode (graphite modified with poly-3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid). Then, direct serum detection was demonstrated by differential pulse voltammetry, micrographs, and topographic analyses in addition to the average roughness coefficient (Ra) and the value of the mean squared deviation of the roughness (Rms). Conclusion: This work shows that the mimetic epitope of B. abortus can be useful for developing new platforms for diagnosing brucellosis. In addition, we propose a fast test based on an electrochemical sensor using graphite modified with poly-3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.
Heterologous booster immunization with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein after mRNA vaccine elicits durable and broad antibody responses
Authors: Takano Tomohiro , Sato Takashi , Kotaki Ryutaro , Moriyama Saya , Shinoda Masahiro , Kabasawa Kiyomi , Shimada Nagashige , Kousaka Mio , Adachi Yu , Onodera Taishi , Terahara Kazutaka , Isogawa Masanori , Matsumura Takayuki , Shinkai Masaharu , Takahashi Yoshimasa
Published: September 2022

Although mRNA vaccines are more immunogenic than other vaccine modalities in primary series vaccination, their immunogenicity has not been well compared to different vaccine modalities in additional boosters. Here the longitudinal analysis reveals more sustained RBD-binding IgG titers and RBD-ACE2 binding inhibitory activities with the breadth to antigenically distinct Beta and Omicron BA.1 variants by the S-268019-b spike protein booster vaccination compared to BNT162b2 mRNA homologous booster on mRNA vaccinees. The differences in the durability and breadth of plasma antibodies between BNT162b2 and S-268019-b groups are pronounced in those without systemic adverse events and were associated with different trends in the number and breadth of memory B cells. High-dimensional immune profiling identifies early CD16+natural killer cell dynamics with CCR3 upregulation, as one of the correlates for the distinct antibody responses by the S-268019-b booster. Our results illustrate the combinational effects of heterologous booster on the immune dynamics and the durability and breadth of recalled antibody responses against emerging virus variants.
Classification of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced CT based radiomics and machine-learning methods
Authors: Nong Shiqi , Zhang Tao , Zhang Tingyue , Tian Keyue , Wei Yuhao , Ma Xuelei
Published: September 2022

Purpose
To explore the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced CT radiomics combined with a large panel of machine-learning methods in the classification of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (CHC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
48 CT radiomic features manually extracted using Local Image features Extraction (LIFEx) software from 264 patients diagnosed with HCC (n) and CHC (n) and treated in West China Hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 45 diagnostic models were built based on 5 selection methods (DC, RF, Lasso, Xgboost and GBDT) and 9 classification algorithms (LDA, SVM, RF, Adaboost, KNN, GaussianNB, LR, GBDT, and DT). The area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of these models were evaluated, based on which the optimal model was determined.
Results
The ROC analysis revealed that all contrast-enhanced CT radiomic-based machine-learning models showed promising ability in the classification of HCC and CHC with 21 out of 45 models showing the classification AUC over 0.95. The best discriminative performance was observed in the combination of “GBDT + GBDT”, with the AUCs of 1.000 and 0.978 and in the training and validation groups. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of “GBDT + GBDT” in the validation group were 0.918, 0.867, 0.944 respectively.
Conclusion
Contrast-enhanced CT radiomic-based machine learning models show potential to be applied in differentiating HCC and CHC, and among all the models built GBDT + GBDT was identified to be the optimal model in our analysis.
Static airflow resistivity association law of a multilayer rigid porous material
Authors: Sadouki Mustapha
Published: September 2022

Mono and multi-layer porous media are very often used in building engineering and aerospace industry to fight against noise pollution. These media are characterized by several acoustic parameters, the most important of which is the flow resistivity. In this article, a static airflow resistivity association law of multilayer rigid porous materials is proposed. The equivalent fluid theory is considered. The visco-inertial interactions between the structure and the pore-saturating fluid are taken into account by the dynamic tortuosity introduced by Johnson et al and the dynamic compressibility given by Allard. Simplified expressions of acoustic transmission coefficients of a monolayer and bilayer porous medium are established in the very low-frequency regime. The established expressions are independent of frequency and depend only on the airflow resistivity and the thickness of each layer. The equivalent flow resistivity of the bilayer medium is expressed as a function of the thickness and flow resistivity of each layer. The established law has been generalized to the case of a multilayer medium consisting of several different rigid porous layers. Experimental validation of the established law is carried out using a combination of several samples of polyurethane foams (PU) with different thicknesses and flow resistivity.
Clinician Consensus on “Inappropriate” Presentations to the Emergency Department in the Better Data, Better Planning (BDBP) Census: A Cross- sectional Multi-centre Study of Emergency Department Utilisation in Ireland
Authors: Cummins Niamh M , Barry Louise A , Garavan Carrie , Devlin Collette , Corey Gillian , Cummins Fergal , Ryan Damien , Wallace Emma , Deasy Conor , Flynn Mary , McCarthy Gerard , Galvin Rose
Published: September 2022

Background
Utilisation of the Emergency Department (ED) for non-urgent care increases demand for services, therefore reducing inappropriate or avoidable attendances is an important area for intervention in prevention of ED crowding. This study aims to develop a consensus between clinicians across care settings about the “appropriateness” of attendances to the ED in Ireland.
Methods
The Better Data, Better Planning study was a multi-centre, cross-sectional study investigating factors influencing ED utilisation in Ireland. Data was compiled in patient summary files which were assessed for measures of appropriateness by an academic General Practitioner (GP) and academic Emergency Medicine Consultant (EMC) National Panel. In cases where consensus was not reached charts were assessed by an Independent Review Panel (IRP). At each site all files were autonomously assessed by local GP-EMC panels.
Results
The National Panel determined that 11% (GP) to 38% (EMC) of n = 306 lower acuity presentations could be treated by a GP within 24-48h (k = 0.259; p < 0.001) and that 18% (GP) to 35% (EMC) of attendances could be considered “inappropriate” (k = 0.341; p < 0.001). For attendances deemed “appropriate” the admission rate was 47% compared to 0% for “inappropriate” attendees. There was no consensus on 45% of charts (n = 136). Subset analysis by the IRP determined that consensus for appropriate attendances ranged from 0–59% and for inappropriate attendances ranged from 0–29%. For the Local Panel review (n = 306) consensus on appropriateness ranged from 40–76% across ED sites.
Conclusions
Multidisciplinary clinicians agree that “inappropriate” use of the ED in Ireland is an issue. However, obtaining consensus on appropriateness of attendance is challenging and there was a significant cohort of complex heterogenous presentations where agreement could not be reached by clinicians in this study. This research again demonstrates the complexity of ED crowding, the introduction of evidence-based care pathways targeting avoidable presentations may serve to alleviate the problem in our EDs.
Machine Learning Techniques for C-slot Loaded Minkowski Fractal Antenna
Authors: Vedipala Venkateshwar Reddy , tumma Sunil kumar , R Rama sanjeev B , Nelaturi Suman
Published: September 2022

For Wi-MAX wireless applications, a C-slot-loaded Minkowski fractal microstrip antenna is examined and its operating frequency is predicted using machine learning techniques. A Minkowski fractal antenna is first created by substituting Minkowski curves along the square patch's sides. A C-slot is inserted afterwards. For parametric analysis, the minkowski fractal curve’s indentation depth, the length of the C-slot arm, and the width are changed. The training data set for the proposed C-slot-loaded minkowski fractal antenna resonance frequency is developed by altering the indentation depth, C-slot length, and width. The training data set is then evaluated using machine learning methods such as multivariate regression, ANN, XGBoost, random forest, and decision tree. XGBoost machine learning outscored them all and had a very low mean square error.
Development of Silicalite-1-encapsulated Ni catalyst from Ni phyllosilicate for dry reforming of methane
Authors: Zhang Yusheng , Takahashi Ryota , Kimura Kentaro , Fujitsuka Hiroyasu , Tago Teruoki
Published: September 2022

CO2 (dry) reforming of methane (DRM) is a significant and useful reaction from the standpoint of effective utilization and conversion of two main greenhouse gases to value-added synthesis gas. To achieve highly efficient and stable DRM reaction, a Silicalite-1-encapsulated ultrafine Ni nanoparticle catalyst(Ni@S-1)by using Ni phyllosilicate (Ni-PS) as precursor was newly developed. This Ni@S-1 catalyst exhibited negligible coke deposition (0.5 wt.%) evaluated at 600°C for 5 h. Additionally, this Ni@S-1 catalyst presented high and stable catalytic performances and maintained the Ni nanoparticles with ultrafine size (< 7 nm) at 850°C for 24 h. Therefore, this Ni@S-1 catalyst showed good suppression of coke formation and high resistance to nickel sintering and thus was promising for DRM reaction.
Modified Double-Tract Reconstruction in Terms of postoperative quality of life of Patients with Early Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastirc Junction after Proximal Gastrectomy
Authors: Chang Xusheng , Luo Tianhang , Li Xu , Cui Hangtian , ZHAN LU , Gong Xiao , Zhang Jinghui , Yin Kai
Published: September 2022

Background Increased reflux symptoms limited clinical application of proximal gastrectomy (PG) in the patients with early adenocarcinoma of esophagogastirc junction (AEG). The purpose of this study is to describe a method of modified double-tract reconstruction (DTR) after PG, and to evaluate the feasibility, safety, surgical outcomes, postoperative gut function and nutritional status post operation. Methods Prospective cohort data of 25 patients with early AEG who presented to a single tertiary hospital from Jan 2019 to Jun2019 and underwent DTR after PG were analyzed respectively. The data of this prospective cohort included: clinicopathologic characteristics, surgical outcomes, time to first flatus and defecation, Visick Score, degrees and extent of remnant gastritis, Los Angles Classification in 1-year follow-up. Another 25 early AEG patients performed TG by propensity score matching analysis from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018 were picked as control group. Results There was no significant difference in BMI, ASA score, tumor size, Siewert type, tumor Grade, proximal resection margin, the number of LN harvested and TNM Stage between two groups.The operation time and hospital stay was longer, and estimated blood loss was more in DTR group. The postoperative complication rate was 8% (n = 2), which were both treated by conservative management. The volume of postoperative daily intake could reach over 700ml on 6th POD, which was much more than TG group. The weight loss of patients in DTR group remained steadily from 3rd month after operation, which was also better than TG group. The rate of reflux symptoms was 12% (n = 3), which were classified as Visick grade II. The degree and extent of remnant gastritis in DTR group were acceptable. The incidence of residual food in remnant stomach reached 32%, but most of them were only evaluated as Grade 1.ConclusionThe short-term outcome of this modified DTR was satisfied, which could improve the nutrition status and quality of life post operation. We believe our modified technique is one of feasible, safe, and useful choice for early AEG patients.
Comparison of Surgical Smoke between Two Approaches for Endoscopic Thyroidectomy and Open Thyroidectomy
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Jin Gongsheng , Liu Xianfu
Published: September 2022

Background
Surgical smoke has been recognized as a potential health risk by an increasing number of researchers. Moreover, the counts of surgical smoke produced during different surgical approaches are different. This study aimed to measure and compare the particulate matter (PM) of surgical smoke generated during open thyroidectomy and two endoscopic approaches for thyroidectomy to provide guidance for safe clinical practices.
Methods
Forty-eight patients with thyroid cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to December 2021 and treated with different surgical approaches were enrolled in this study. The total and peak counts of PM, dynamic changes, and other characteristics of surgical smoke produced during surgery were recorded. PM was classified as PM2.5 (size ≤ 2.5 µm) and PM10 (size ≤ 10 µm).
Results
In a single cut, both the peak and total counts of PM2.5 and PM10 of surgical smoke in the open thyroidectomy group (n = 15) were significantly higher than those in the breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy with CO2 insufflation group (n = 15) and the gasless transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy group (n = 18) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the latter two groups showed no significant differences in the peak and total counts of PM2.5 and PM10 (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
In thyroid surgery, more surgical smoke is produced during open thyroidectomy than during endoscopic thyroidectomy, while different endoscopic approaches showed no significant difference in surgical smoke production. Thus, endoscopic approaches outperform the open thyroidectomy approach with regard to surgical smoke production.
Infrared Thermographic Changes after Decompression Surgery in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Park Yeo Eun , Lee Sang-Eok , Eom Yoon Sik , Cho Jae Man , Yang Joong Won , Kim Man Su , Kwon Heum Dai , Lee Jang Woo , Park Dougho
Published: September 2022

Background
Digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI) is a useful tool for assessing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Notably, this can demonstrate autonomic vasomotor activity in the nerve-innervated area. In this study, we compared DITI findings before and after carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery in patients with unilateral CTS to investigate the corresponding neurophysiological changes.
Methods
DITI parameters such as the temperature differences between the median and ulnar nerve territories and median nerve-innervated digital anisometry were measured. Subjective symptom duration, pain scale, and ultrasonographic findings were also compared before and after CTR. Patients were evaluated before and six weeks after CTR, respectively.
Results
A total of 27 patients aged 59.0 ± 11.2 years were finally included. After CTR, median nerve-innervated thermal anisometry was improved (2.55 ± 0.96 ℃ to 1.64 ± 1.34 ℃; p = 0.003). The temperature differences between the median and ulnar nerve territories were not significantly changed. Subjective pain, the Simovic Weinberg Clinical Scale, and palmar bowing of the flexor retinaculum were also significantly improved (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
Conclusions
Our results demonstrated that DITI findings could reflect an improvement in autonomic function after CTR. Therefore, DITI can be an objective method to assess pre- and post-operative neurophysiologic changes in CTS.
Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic incisional hernia repair: differences in direct costs from a Brazilian public institute perspective
Authors: Costa Thiago Nogueira , Tustumi Francisco , Ferros Lucas Sousa Maia , Colonno Bárbara Buccelli , Abdalla Ricardo Zugaib , Junior Ulysses Ribeiro , Cecconello Ivan
Published: September 2022

Background
This study aimed to compare the direct cost differences between robotic (RVIHR) and laparoscopic (LVIHR) hernia repair and determine each source of expenditure that may be related to the increased costs in a robotic program from the perspective of a Brazilian public institution.
Methods
The present study investigated the differences in direct costs from the data generated from a trial protocol (ReBEC: RBR-5s6mnrf). Patients with incisional hernia were randomly assigned to receive LVIHR or RVIHR. The direct medical costs of hernia treatment were described in the Brazilian currency (R$).
Results
Nineteen patients submitted to LVIHR were compared with eighteen submitted to RVIHR. The amount spent on operation room time (RVIHR: 2447,91 ± 644,79; LVIHR: 1989,67 ± 763,00; p = 0,030), inhaled medical gases in operating room (RVIHR: 270,57 ± 211,51; LVIHR: 84,55 ± 252,34; p = 0,023), human resources in operating room (RVIHR: 3164,43 ± 894,97; LVIHR: 2120,16 ± 663,78; p < 0,001), material resources (RVIHR: 3204,32 ± 351,55; LVIHR: 736,51 ± 972,32; p < 0,001), and medications (RVIHR: 823,40 ± 175,47; LVIHR: 288,50 ± 352,55; p < 0,001) for RVIHR was higher than LVIHR, implying a higher total cost to RVIHR (RVIHR: 14712,24 ± 3520,82; LVIHR: 10295,95 ± 3453,59; p < 0,001). No significant difference was noted in costs related to the hospital stay, human resources in ICU and ward, diagnostic tests, and meshes.
Conclusion
Robotic system adds a significant overall cost to traditional laparoscopic hernia repair. The cost of the medical and robotic devices plus longer operative times are the main factors driving the difference in costs.
The marine factor 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol expresses the anti-inflammatory effects in mouse macrophages RAW264.7 cells in vitro
Authors: Yamaguchi Masayoshi , Yoshiike Kenji , Watanabe Hideaki , Watanabe Mitsugu
Published: September 2022

Background: Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Inflammatory cytokines are produced in macrophages with stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and are used as biomarkers participating in diverse disease conditions. The novel marine factor 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (DHMBA) was initially identified in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea Gigas. DHMBA has properties to reduce oxidative stress as radical scavenging and increase the production of antioxidant proteins. The pharmacologic role of DHMBA, however, has been poorly understood.Methods and Results: This study has been undertaken to investigate whether DHMBA attenuates growth, cytokine production, and osteoclastogenesis in inflammatory mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Culturing with DHMBA (1-1000 µM) suppressed the growth and stimulated the death of RAW264.7 cells in vitro, leading to decrease in cell number. Mechanistically, DHMBA treatment decreased the levels of Ras, PI3K, Akt, MAPK, phospho-MAPK, and mTOR of signaling factors to promote the proliferation, and it raised the levels of p53, p21, Rb, and regucalcin, which are cell growth suppressors. The levels of caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 were increased by DHMBA treatment. Culturing with DHMBA suppressed productions of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, or prostaglandin E2, were enhanced by LPS stimulation. Notably, the levels of NF-κB p65 were increased by LPS treatment, and this increase was repressed by DHMBA treatment. LPS treatment stimulated osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells. This stimulation was blocked by DHMBA treatment.Conclusion: DHMBA was found to potentially suppress the activity of inflammatory macrophages in vitro, suggesting therapeutic usefulness in inflammatory conditions.
Food born pathogen contamination of some meat products in Damanhur City, Egypt
Authors: Saad Saber , El-Sayed Amal Mohamed , Abdelgawad Mohamed Hassan , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Simal-Gandara Jesus
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The study assessed the chemical and microbial quality of some meat products (Liver, Luncheon, minced meat, and Sausage) in addition to detecting some virulence genes associated with some isolated strains.
Method
Two hundred random samples of meat products including 50 samples each of (minced meat, Liver, luncheon and sausage) were randomly collected from different butchers at Damanhur city, El Behera Governorate for some chemical (TVN and TBA) and microbiological evaluation (APC, Staph. aureus, E.coli, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus, and Clostridium perfringens), in addition, detection of virulence genes in some isolated strains.
Result
The obtained results revealed that mean values of TVB-N and TBA was higher in liver than other meat products. In regard to microbiological evaluation, results revealed that incidence of staph. aureus, E.coli, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens were (40, 24, 20 and 30%), (36, 10, 8 and 30%), (2, 4, 0, 4%), (16, 20, 24 and 34%) and (28, 10, 18, and 36%), in the examined minced meat, liver, luncheon and sausage, respectively. Salmonella could not be detected in examined luncheon samples. Regarding virulence genes (Pvl and Sea) and (invA and Stn) were detected in 100% of isolated Staph. aureus and Salmonella strains, respectively. eaeA was detected in 100% of isolated E.coli strains while Stx2 was detected in only one strain. Isolated strains of Clostridium perfringens were positive for enterotoxin gene (cpe) and alpha-toxin (cpa) at percent 100%.
Conclusion
The presence of aerobic bacteria like Staphylococci aureus, E. coli, bacillus cereus, Salmonella, and Clostridium perfringens may be due to poor hygienic measures during processing and handling of meat products. So, consumption of these products could be associated with possible risk of infection, suggesting the need for the institution of strict hygienic measures during handling of meat products.
A sub-wavelength Si LED integrated in a CMOS platform
Authors: Li Zheng , Xue Jin , de Cea Marc , Kim Jaehwan , Nong Hao , Chong Daniel , Lim Khee Yong , Quek Elgin , Ram Rajeev
Published: September 2022

A nanoscale on-chip light source with high intensity is desired for various applications in integrated photonics systems. However, it is challenging to realize such an emitter using materials and fabrication processes compatible with the standard integrated circuit technology. In this letter, we report an electrically driven Si light-emitting diode (LED) with sub-wavelength emission area fabricated in an open-foundry microelectronics CMOS platform. The LED emission spectrum is centered around 1100 nm and the emission area is smaller than 0.14 μm<2>( ≈ 400 nm diameter). This LED has high spatial intensity of > 50 mW/cm<2> which is comparable with the state-of-the-art Si-based emitters with much larger emission areas. Due to sub-wavelength confinement, the emission exhibits a high degree of spatial coherence, which is demonstrated by incorporating the LED into a compact lensless in-line holographic microscope. This centimeter-scale, all-silicon microscope utilizes a single emitter to simultaneously illuminate ≈ 9.5 million pixels of a CMOS imager.
Change of serum lipoproteins and its potential use in stratifying patients with sepsis among neonates
Authors: Guo Junfei , Lai Weiming , Wu Yongbing , Li Huan , Fu Zhenhua , Mu Xiaoping
Published: September 2022

Background: Changes of serum lipoprotein concentration during bacteremia or sepsis is observed and lipoproteins concentration facilitate the evaluation severity of sepsis in adults, but its clinical usage is still unclear. Here, we analyzed the lipoprotein concentration in neonates with sepsis and discussed its use in stratifying patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study involved 88 culture-proven septic patients. Clinical and microbiology data of involved patients were collected via inquiring data bases of our institute. Patients were grouped according to blood culture results or procalcitonin level, the difference between groups were analyzed. Results: Compared with uninfected group, there is no change of triglyceride (TG) concentrations and significant decrease of Total cholesterol (TC) concentration in septic patients. There is no significant difference between Gram positive and Gram negative related septic patients in terms of serum TG and TC concentration. Other than group with procalcitonin level of 0.5-2 ng/ml, both serum TG and TC concentration were decreased while serum procalcitonin level increasing. Conclusions: Our results indicated that serum lipoprotein concentration may be recommended to help diagnosis of bacteria and to evaluate the severity of sepsis.
Riparian soil toxicity caused by sediment metal transport, seasonal changes and ecological risk assessments for the watershed
Authors: Çelebi Ahmet , Şengörür Bülent , Haghighi Ali Torabi
Published: September 2022

Accumulation of the pollutants in the sediment along the surface water may negatively affect on the riparian zones and ecological risk dimension. In order to reveal this problem, in the present study, detailed metal monitoring of sediments and riparian soils was performed seasonally with ICP-OES analysis. Pollution levels, changes, and potential sources were determined statistically. Ecological statuses are detailed. Contamination factor (CF), Enrichment factor (EF), Index of geo-accumulation (Igeo), pollution index (PI), and modified pollution index (MPI) potential and modified ecological risk indexes were analyzed. Although no significant seasonal differences were observed, almost all metals in the sediments and riparian soils spatially differed. Cr (11.4 to 136), Co (7.7 to 21.52), Cu (11.4 to 76.6), and Ni (14.06 to 128.2) as mg/kg from the upstream to the downstream increased significantly and gradually accumulated. The riskiest metals in the sediment and riparian soil in terms of basin river health are Cu, Co, Ni. Risk values were found heavily polluted (PI > 3 and MPI > 10), and the risk indexes (RI) are well above the "desired environment without the risk". RI was found to be more than 50, and modified risk indices exceeded 200 at many points. The transport of pollution in surface water has been revealed in the sediment and adverse effects on the riparian zone and ecological system. Considering sediment and riparian soil together, pollutant-based and holistic ecological risk assessments are necessary to determine river health.
Effects of Different concentration of Copper on Performance, Immunity, Blood biochemical and Carcass traits in Broiler Japanese Quails
Authors: Deo Chandra , Biswas Avishek , Sharma Divya , Tiwari A. K
Published: September 2022

The effects of dietary supplemental copper sources and concentrations on broiler Japanese quail growth performance, immunological response, blood biochemistry and carcass quality were investigated in this study. Two copper sources (copper sulphate - CuS, copper methionine - CuM) were used in this experiment, each at five different dietary dosages of 5, 10, 15, 100, and 150 mg/kg. 280 (10 x 4 x 7) day old quail chicks were randomly assigned to ten feed treatments for a period of up to five weeks. Each treatment had four replications, each with seven chicks. CuM (100 mg Cu/kg diet) supplemented diets had significantly (P < 0.01) higher body weight gain and a better feed conversion ratio (FCR) than CuS supplemented diets, according to the findings. At 150 mg CuM/kg diet, the cell mediated immune response (foot web index to PHAP) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than at other dietary doses of Cu. With copper sulphate (CuS) supplemented diets, the humoral immunological response (HA titre to SRBC) was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than with copper methionine supplemented diets. At 5, 10, and 15mg Cu/kg diet the humoral immunological response (HA titre to SRBC) was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than at 100 and 150mg Cu/kg diet. Bursa weight was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the 10 and 15mg Cu/kg meals with copper methionine source than in the 5, 10, 15, and 150 mg Cu/kg diets with copper sulphate supplementation. CuM source resulted in significantly (P < 0.01) larger bursa and spleen weight than CuS source. Serum cholesterol levels were significantly (P < 0.01) lower on the 100 and 150 mg CuM/kg diets compared on the 5,10, and 15mg Cu/kg diets. Various carcass quality parameters including as pre-slaughter live weight, shrinkage loss, blood loss, feather loss, dressed weight, and eviscerated weight were not substantially (P > 0.05) different due to either the main effect or the interaction between copper concentrations and sources. Similarly, the weight of organs such as giblets and liver percent did not alter significantly (P > 0.05) due to either the main effect or the interaction between copper concentrations and sources. At 5 mg Cu/kg diet, there was a significantly higher percent gizzard weight (P0.05) than at other dietary Cu doses. The percent of heart weight recorded at 5mg Cu/kg diet was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those recorded at other dietary Cu concentrations. Thus it may be concluded that dietary supplementation of copper methionine as a source of Cu @ 100mg Cu/kg diet to broiler Japanese quails was more effective in improving growth performance, immunological response, carcass quality features, and serum cholesterol reduction.
Gene-Environment interactions and the case of BMI and obesity: how much do they matter?
Authors: Huangfu Yiyue , Palloni Alberto , Beltrán-Sánchez Hiram , McEniry Mary
Published: September 2022

We investigate the demographic and population health implications of gene-environment interactions (GxE) in the case of BMI and obesity. We seek to answer three questions: (a) what is the first order impact of GxE effects on BMI and obesity, e.g. the direct effect of G in different E? (b) how large is the impact of GxE effects on second-order health outcomes associated with BMI and obesity, such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), disability, and mortality ? (c) is the range of available empirical estimates of GxE effects large enough to influence future trajectories of BMI, obesity, T2D, disability, and mortality? To limit the scope of the paper we focus on environments defined by birth cohorts. However, extensions to other environments, including but not limited to education, SES, early conditions, physical settings, are quite straightforward.
Impact of Arterial Stiffness on Echocardiographic Myocardial Work Indices in Patients with Isolated Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Toprak Cüneyt , Çakır Hakan , Karagöz Ali , Isgandarov Khagani , Biyikli Kadir , Tuncer Şeref Berk , Kargın Ramazan
Published: September 2022

Objective
Data related to the existence of left ventricular (LV) abnormalities in normo-functional bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease is scarce. Also, the impact of afterload and the involved mechanisms are unclear. In this work, we study the relationship between LV function assessed with myocardial work index (MWI) and arterial stiffness in a cohort of normo-functioning BAV patients.
Methods
In this study, we included a total of 38 consecutive patients with isolated BAV and 44 age- and gender-matched control subjects with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). All participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to assess conventional parameters, global longitudinal strain (GLS), and MW by non-invasive left ventricular pressure–strain loop (LV-PSL) method. The aortic pulse wave velocity(PWV) was used to determine arterial stiffnessand wave reflection was evaluated by applanation tonometry.
Results
The mean aortic PWV was significantly higher in BAV patients (6.4 ± 0.80, 7.02 ± .1.2, p = 0.01, respectively). The statistical difference was not significant for the parameters linked to LV-MW, such as global work index (GWI) and global constructive work (GCW) between the BAV and control groups (1969 ± 259 and 2014 ± 278, p = 0.45; 2299 ± 290 and 2359 ± 345, p = 0.39 respectively). In contrast, the BAV and control groups were significantly different in terms of global work efficiency (GWE) (96.26 ± 1.69 and 97.05 ± 1.27, p = 0.02) and global wasted work (GWW) ; (78.2 ± 32.1 and 61.8 ± 24.4, p = 0.01,). Multivariable ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis for predicting GWW demonstrated that BAV increased GWW (ß=8.4; 95% CI: 1.5–15.3; p = 0.04) and PWV increased GWW (ß=5.6; 95% CI: 0.7–10.5; p = 0.01).
Conclusion
The results of the MW analysis in this study revealed that the GWE values were lower and the GWW values were higher. Also, PWV had a significant impact on MW and it was independently associated with GWW. The association between aortic PWV and GWW may help to explain the documented mechanism of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in isolated BAV patients.
The importance of the diestrus stages (early, middle, late) to the diagnosis of the endometrial disease in the bitch
Authors: Praderio Romina Gisele , Rearte Ramiro , Stornelli María Cecilia , Mitacek María Carla García , Sota Rodolfo Luzbel , Stornelli Maria
Published: September 2022

The endometrium is the uterine layer wherein embryo implantation and development take place. Complete knowledge of the endometrium's normal histology is critical for advancing the diagnosis of subclinical endometrial diseases. Several researchers studied subclinical endometritis (END) in different species but the cause/s remain unknown. Furthermore, simple and reliable diagnostic tools are still necessary to diagnose subclinical END. In the bitch, diestrus has been selected as the stage of the reproductive cycle to perform the diagnosis of END. This work aimed to perform morphometric and cytological studies in bitches with normal endometrium (NE) and END in diestrus' stages. Forty-five mixed-breed clinically healthy bitches, in diestrus, were used in this study. Biopsies and cytology were obtained from uterine horns, processed, and examined using a microscope. Samples from NE and END were selected, images acquired, and software for image analysis was used to measure the endometrial thickness (ET), external glandular diameter (EGD), internal glandular diameter (IGD), glandular density, and glandular cell height (CG). Significant differences were observed in GC height, EGD, IGD, and serum P4 concentrations along diestrus. In END, both EGD and IGD were smaller than NE. The current study showed histomorphometric characteristics that appear to be influenced by P4 concentrations. In our opinion, it is relevant to consider how far the bitch had progressed into diestrus at the moment of the diagnosis of endometrial disease. Data recorded in the present study could be helpful to clarify cases of bitches with unexplained infertility or subfertility.
IL-11 system participates in pulmonary artery remodeling and hypertension in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Milara Javier , Roger Inés , Montero Paula , Artigues Enrique , Escrivá Juan , Cortijo Julio
Published: September 2022

Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) portends a poor prognosis. IL-11 has been implicated in fibrotic diseases, but their role on pulmonary vessels is unknown. Here we analyzed the contribution of IL-11 to PH in patients with IPF and the potential mechanism implicated.
Methods
Pulmonary arteries, lung tissue and serum of control subjects (n = 20), IPF (n = 20) and PH associated to IPF (n = 20) were used to study the expression and localization of IL-11 and IL-11Rα. Two models of IL-11 and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis associated to PH were used in Tie2-GFP transgenic mice to evaluate the contribution of IL-11 and endothelial cells to pulmonary artery remodeling. The effect of IL-11 and soluble IL-11Rα on human pulmonary artery endothelial cells and smooth muscle cell transformations and proliferation were analyzed.
Results
IL-11 and IL-11Rα were over-expressed in pulmonary arteries and serum of patients with PH associated to IPF vs IPF patients without PH. Recombinant mice (rm)IL-11 induced lung fibrosis and PH in Tie2-GFP mice, activating in vivo EnMT as a contributor of pulmonary artery remodeling and lung fibrosis. Transient transfection of siRNA-IL-11 reduced lung fibrosis and PH in Tie2-GFP bleomycin model. Human (h)rIL-11 and soluble hrIL-11Rα induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EnMT) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell to myofibroblast-like transformation, cell proliferation and senescence in vitro.
Conclusions
IL-11 and IL-11Rα are overexpressed in pulmonary arteries of PH associated to IPF patients, and contributes to pulmonary artery remodeling and PH.
Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Gene Regulatory Network in Star Fruit Flower Blooming
Authors: Qin Si , Li Xiao-Ping , Wu Chun-Mei , You Le , Peng Donghui , Ahmad Sagheer , Ren Hui , Liu Zhong-Jian , Zhai Jun-Wen , Wu Sha-Sha
Published: September 2022

The star fruit is a perennial woody fruit tree, which can blossom and bear fruit many times a year. The time and quantity of flowering are the key indicators of its economic value. However, the flowering molecular mechanism of star fruit is still unknown. This study provides a genome-wide analysis of the key flowering genes of star fruit. Based on a previous morphological study of flower bud differentiation, the reproductive buds, vegetative buds and mature leaves of star fruit were sampled for transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the expression of GI, COL4, COL5, FT, FCA, FVE, PIF4, LFY, SVP-like, AP1 and FUL was correlated with floral induction and transition. The expression of TFL1, SVP-like genes (Yangtao2015203 and Yangtao2021074) was correlated with the inhibition of floral transition. Thus, we proposed a putative network of flower blooming in star fruit. This study provides useful information for investigating the genetic mechanism of flowering in star fruit and other perennial woody fruit trees.
Polymer Modified Concrete containing Unsaturated Polyester by different amounts of styrene
Authors: Farokhi Ehsan Hematpouri , Fathi Mojtaba , Amani Ali
Published: September 2022

This article presents an experimental investigation of the mechanical and physical behaviors of Polymer Modified Concrete containing %2.5, 5%, 7.5% and %10 Unsaturated Polyester resin with %30, 37.5% and %45 styrene. Twelve mixtures were designed and compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption, stress-strain curve, modulus of elasticity, energy absorption capacity, failure crack mode and SEM analysis were examined. The results indicated, by replacing cement with Unsaturated Polyester, the compressive and tensile strengths and the water absorption decreased about %15 to %50, but the strain and the energy absorption were increased significantly up to %110 and %30 respectively. Also, adding the amount of styrene in resin led to increase both the compressive strength and energy absorption capacity up to 25%, but according to SEM images it led the formation of a thick polymeric region with compressed layers in ITZ, cause to decrease in tensile strength and water absorption down to 25%.
C1q/TNF-related protein 9 alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting ox-LDL-induced VSMC-derived foam cell necroptosis via the AMPK pathway
Authors: Wang Xuedong , Huang Xingtao , Yang Mengyue , Zhang Lu , Zhang Ruoxi , Du Wenjuan , Hou Jingbo , Liu Qi
Published: September 2022

Necroptosis amplifies inflammation and plays an important role in atherosclerosis progression. However, the role of necroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-derived foam cells, the most abundant cells in atherosclerotic lesions, in cellular dysfunction and atherosclerosis remains unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) on VSMC-derived foam cell death and determined the role of VSMC-derived foam cell necroptosis in inflammation. Furthermore, we determined whether and how C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9), a cardiovascular protective adipokine, protects against ox-LDL-induced cell dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Our results revealed that low concentration ox-LDL potently induced VSMC-derived foam cell necroptosis and promoted the expression of pro-atherosclerotic factors via an oxidative stress-related mechanism. CTRP9 significantly reversed ox-LDL-induced cell damage and the related dysfunction through the AMPK pathway-mediated expression of antioxidant enzymes. CTRP9 overexpression reduced atherosclerotic lesion size in the aortic sinus and enhanced features of plaque stability. Overall, our findings suggest that CTRP9 is a potential drug target to suppress atherosclerosis and stabilize plaques.
Putative Therapeutic Impact of Inflammasome Inhibitors against
COVID-19-Induced ARDS
Authors: Nabavi Seyed Fazel , Sahebnasagh Adeleh , Shahbazi Ahad , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad , Azimi Saeid , Kashani Malihe Khayat , Habtemariam Solomon , Rahmani Mojde , Badiee Mohadese , Hashemi Javad , Saghafi Fatemeh , Amini Kiumarth , Azimi Mina , Rezabakhsh Aysa
Published: September 2022

Given the importance of COVID-19-induced ARDS, recently, researchers have
strived to determine underlying mechanisms involved in the inflammatory responses. In
this regard, inflammasomes possess a distinct priority for cytokine storm occurrence and,
subsequently, ARDS progression in ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this minireview,
the characteristics of known inflammasome inhibitors and designed research in
this field were concretely deciphered.
Artificial Intelligence in Efficient Diabetes Care
Authors: Khodve Gopal Bhagwan , Banerjee Sugato
Published: September 2022

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is not easily curable but can be managed efficiently.
Artificial Intelligence is a powerful tool that may help in diabetes prediction, continuous glucose
monitoring, Insulin injection guidance, and other areas of diabetes care. Diabetes, if not appropriately
managed, leads to secondary complications like retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy.
Artificial intelligence helps minimize the risk of these complications through software and Artificial
Intelligence-based devices. Artificial Intelligence can also help physicians in the early diagnosis
and management of diabetes while reducing medical errors. Here we review the advancement
of Artificial Intelligence in diabetes management.
Large-Scale Evaluation of ureC (glmM) and SSA Conventional PCR for Rapid Direct Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Biopsies as Compared to rpoB-based Quantitative Real-Time PCR
Authors: Akeel Mohammed , Shehata Atef , Elhafey Ahmed , Elmakki Erwa , Aboshouk Thanaa , Ageely Hussein , Mahfouz Mohammed Salih
Published: September 2022

Background:

Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods play a major role in the direct detection of H. pylori in clinical specimens, with time-saving as compared to culture-based methods. However, specificity and sensitivity vary among different varieties of these PCRs, which consequently could affect the accuracy of diagnosis of H. pylori infection. The study aimed to evaluate the utility of ureC (glmM) and SSA conventional PCR methods for rapid direct detection of H. pylori by comparing them with rpoB-based quantitative real-time PCR.

Methods:

A total of 402 non-repeated gastric biopsy specimens were subjected to DNA extraction followed by conventional ureC (glmM) and SSA PCR, and rpoB-based quantitative real-time PCR, which was used as the gold standard.

Results:

H. pylori was detected in 119 (29.6%), 126 (31.34%), and 187 (46.5%) of the tested specimens using ureC (glmM) PCR, SSA PCR, and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. The specificity of the SSA PCR was higher than that of ureC (glmM) PCR (99.5% and 98.6%, respectively). The SSA PCR was more sensitive than the ureC (glmM), (66.8% and 62%, respectively). The diagnostic accuracy of SSA PCR (84.33%) was higher than that of ureC (glmM) PCR (81.59%).

Conclusion:

Overall, SSA PCR is more specific, sensitive, and diagnostically accurate than ureC (glmM) PCR, giving the SSA PCR assay superiority as a simple, rapid, and accurate diagnostic tool for direct detection of H. pylori in gastric tissue specimens.
Structural Insights and Pharmaceutical Relevance of Plumbagin in Parasitic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Amrat Pal , Sharma Alok
Published: September 2022

Recently, natural products have been became the center of attraction for the scientific society and exploration of their biologically abilities is proceeding continuously. In search for novel antiparasitic agents with an objective of protecting humans from parasitic infections, the present work was focused on naphthoquinones possessing antiparasitic activity. Among naphthoquinones, plumbagin is one of the secondary metabolites exhibiting diverse biological properties such as antibacterial, antimalarial, antiinflammatory, insecticidal and antiparasitic. Plumbagin is reported to have antischistosomiasis, anti-haemonchosis, anti-fascioliasis, antiotoacariasis, anti-leishmaniasis, antimalaria, antiallergic and anthelmintic activities. Besides, various methods of extraction of plumbagin from different methods, their effectiveness against different parasites, and the structure-activity relationship reported by different researchers. This work highlight on recent advancements in the phytochemistry of plumbagin, studies associated with various biological activities. The structure-activity relationship studies have also been summarized. To conclude, present review could be beneficial for the scientific community to get better insight into medicinal research of plumbagin and may provide a new horizon for the rational design of plumbagin based compounds.