bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progress in Electrolyte Engineering of Aqueous Batteries in a Wide Temperature Range
Authors: He Lingjun , Lin Chuyuan , Xiong Peixun , Lin Hui , Lai Wenbin , Zhang Jingran , Xiao Fuyu , Xiao Liren , Qian Qingrong , Chen Qinghua , Zeng Lingxing
Published: October 2023

Aqueous rechargeable batteries are safe and environmentally friendly and can be made at a low cost; as such, they are attracting attention in the field of energy storage. However, the temperature sensitivity of aqueous batteries hinders their practical application. The solvent water freezes at low temperatures, and there is a reduction in ionic conductivity, whereas it evaporates rapidly at high temperatures, which causes increased side reactions. This review discusses recent progress in improving the performance of aqueous batteries, mainly with respect to electrolyte engineering and the associated strategies employed to achieve such improvements over a wide temperature domain. The review focuses on five electrolyte engineering (aqueous high-concentration electrolytes, organic electrolytes, quasi-solid/solid electrolytes, hybrid electrolytes, and eutectic electrolytes) and investigates the mechanisms involved in reducing the solidification point and boiling point of the electrolyte and enhancing the extreme-temperature electrochemical performance. Finally, the prospect of further improving the wide temperature range performance of aqueous rechargeable batteries is presented.
The role of fundamental rights in the environmental case law of the CJEU
Authors: Krommendijk Jasper , Sanderink Dirk
Published: October 2023

There has been a turn to fundamental rights in environmental and climate cases before national and international courts in recent years. We know very little whether there has been such a turn in relation to European Union (EU) law before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The CJEU occupies an increasingly relevant position in this nexus between environmental law and human rights because of strong and effective EU enforcement mechanisms, the abundance of specific EU secondary environmental law, the growing role of fundamental rights since 2009 and the self-standing provision on the environment in Article 37 of the Charter. An analysis of the case law, nonetheless, shows that Charter rights that can be used as ‘swords’ in the interest of environmental protection have so far played only a limited role. After explaining the absence of a rights turn, we argue that such a turn is warranted before the CJEU as well, also from a legal perspective. This article examines two potential avenues. The CJEU can derive positive obligations from relevant Charter provisions, including Articles 2 (right to life) and 7 (right to respect for private life and the home) of the Charter, or it can rely more extensively on Article 37 as a tool for interpreting primary and secondary EU law in an environmentally friendly way.
Inertial wave attractors in librating cuboids
Authors: Wu Ke , Welfert Bruno D. , Lopez Juan M.
Published: October 2023

Perturbed rapidly rotating flows are dominated by inertial oscillations, with restricted group velocity directions, due to the restorative nature of the Coriolis force. In containers with some boundaries oblique to the rotation axis, the inertial oscillations may focus upon reflections, whereby their energy increases whilst their wavelength decreases and their trajectories focus onto attractor regions. In a linear inviscid setting, these attractors are Delta-like distributions. The linear inviscid setting is obtained formally by setting both Ekman number

${E}$

(ratio of inertial to viscous time scales) and Rossby number

${Ro}$

(non-dimensional amplitude of the forcing that drives the inertial oscillations) to zero. These settings raise fundamental questions, in particular concerning the nature of energy dissipation in the vanishing Ekman number regime. Here, we consider a simple container geometry, a rectangular cuboid, in which the direction of the rotation axis is oblique to four of its walls, subject to librational forcing (small-amplitude harmonic oscillations of the rotation rate). This geometry allows for accurate and efficient direct numerical simulations of the three-dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with no-slip boundary conditions using a spectral-Galerkin spatial discretisation along with a third-order temporal discretisation. Solutions with Ekman and Rossby numbers as small as

${E}={Ro}=10^{-8}$

reveal many details of how the inertial oscillations focus, at the libration frequency considered, onto attractors, and how the focusing leads to increased localised nonlinear and dissipative processes as

${E}$

and

${Ro}$

are reduced. Even for extremely small forcing amplitudes, nonlinear effects have important dynamic consequences for the attractors.
World Heritage Sites and the question of scale in governance and politics: A study of Stonehenge
Authors: Boland Philip , Hastings Thomas , Kumar M. Satish , McKay Stephen
Published: October 2023

In July 2021, Liverpool was removed from the prestigious List of World Heritage Sites, sending shockwaves around the global heritage community. More recently, the spotlight has shifted to another world famous site also located in the United Kingdom. During the same 44th Session of the World Heritage Committee, UNESCO threatened to place Stonehenge on the List in Danger if the required changes to a significant billion-pound road enhancement project were not implemented. Given what happened in Liverpool, there are fears that Stonehenge is in danger of moving towards delisting. An interesting critical line of inquiry to emerge from Liverpool, and other World Heritage Sites, concerns the local, national, and international ‘politics at the site’. This article develops this debate by analysing the role of different scalar actors involved in the Stonehenge World Heritage Site. More specifically, our article examines how the Stonehenge Alliance sought to engage in, what we define as, scalar manoeuvres that is evidenced by scale jumping and scalar alignments with more powerful players further up the heritage hierarchy in order to effect leverage over the future status of the World Heritage Site.
Home-inhaled nitric oxide in a child with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with post-operative pulmonary venous obstruction
Authors: Sugitani Yuichiro , Muneuchi Jun , Watanabe Mamie
Published: October 2023

Home-inhaled nitric oxide therapy was effective and feasible in the patients with intractable pulmonary arterial hypertension. We present the case of a child with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with post-operative pulmonary venous obstruction who was treated with home-inhaled nitric oxide therapy.
Intermittent negative pressure therapy in patients with no-option	chronic limb-threatening ischemia
Authors: Yagshyyev Shatlyk , Hausmann Phillip , Li Yi , Kempf Julius , Zetzmann Katharina , Dessi Katia , Moosmann Oxana , Almasi-Sperling Veronika , Meyer Alexander , Gerken Andreas L.H. , Lang Werner , Rother Ulrich
Published: October 2023

Summary: Background: Aim of this study was to assess the influence of intermitted negative pressure (INP) therapy on the foot microcirculation in patients with no-option CLTI. Patients and methods: CLTI patients defined as no option for revascularization on the basis of an interdisciplinary vascular board decision (interventional radiology, vascular surgery) were included in this study. INP therapy was performed at home. Therapy regime was: 1 hour twice daily. Follow-up was after 6 weeks and 3 months. Microcirculation measurement was performed by laser Doppler flowmetry and white light spectrometry (oxygen to see, O2CTM). Following parameters were evaluated: oxygen saturation (sO2 in%), relative hemoglobin (rHb) and flow (in arbitrary units A.U.). Additionally the clinical outcome of the patients was assessed. Results: From September 2020 to June 2022, 228 patients were screened. In total 19 patients (13 men, 6 women, mean age was 73.95 years) were included. 6 weeks after INP therapy the microcirculation showed a significant improvement for the parameter sO2 (%) (p=0.004). After 3 months a non-significant decrease compared to 6 weeks follow-up was seen for the parameter sO2; however, the perfusion was still improved compared to baseline measurement. With regard to the microperfusion values flow (AU) and hemoglobin (AU), the changes were not significant. Clinically, the patients reported a significant reduction of rest pain after therapy (p=0.005). Conclusions: INP therapy in no-option CLTI patients showed a significant improvement of the skin perfusion after 6 weeks. Therefore, INP therapy might have therapeutic potential in these critical ill patients.
The Most Obvious Development of “The "Basic	Idea”
Authors: Keddy Philip J. , Signer Rita , Graf-Nold Angela , Erdberg Philip
Published: October 2023

Abstract: In a 1955 correspondence with Bruno Klopfer, C. G. Jung described his Word Association Test as “the first feeble attempt to examine complex mental attitudes by an experimental method” and Rorschach’s inkblot test as “the most obvious development of the basic idea.” We explore what Jung may have meant by “the basic idea,” in the context of what was happening in the new field of psychology in the 1890s and early 1900s. We suggest that in order to understand the significance of both tests, it is important to become aware of the “individual psychology” program of Alfred Binet and Victor Henri (1896) , and the “differential psychology” advocated by William Stern (1911) . We conclude that there are at least three aspects to the basic idea: (1) a commitment to a scientific approach, with “experiments” from which “tests” were derived; (2) a focus on the study of the individual differences; and (3) an examination of “higher” or more “complex” aspects of the individual. We agree with Fierro (2022) that Jung’s Word Association Test was the first “personality” test to come to North America and add that Rorschach’s inkblot test was the second major personality, reaching not only North America but spreading around the world.
Ambivalence Toward the Implementation of Preventive Measures in	(Un-)Vaccinated German Citizens
Authors: Hahn Lena , Walther Eva
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life around the world. To fight the pandemic, preventive measures were implemented. Despite being accepted by a majority of citizens in Germany, these measures elicited fierce protest from others. It seems that people either like or dislike them. Given the immense complexity of the topic, it is also likely that people hold ambivalent attitudes (i.e., simultaneously positive and negative). Aims: The purpose of this study is to explore ambivalence toward the (non-)implementation of preventive measures in vaccinated and unvaccinated German citizens. Method: Vaccinated ( N = 136) and unvaccinated ( N = 170) participants indicated their positivity, negativity and experienced ambivalence toward the (non-)implementation of preventive measures (e.g., mask mandatory). Results: The structure of positive and negative evaluations (i.e., objective ambivalence) indicates that unvaccinated people are more univalent (negative) and vaccinated people are neutral toward the preventive measures. Interestingly, results indicate a dissociation between objective ambivalence and experienced ambivalence. Limitation: The results are limited by the measurement choice, data collection time, and sample. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the experienced ambivalence increases with increasing personal costs. Implications for behavior change interventions and health psychology are discussed.
Low Temperature Magnetic Properties of Variably Oxidized Natural and Synthetic Siderite
Authors: Dekkers Mark J. , Hanckmann Wout , Spassov Simo , Behrends Thilo
Published: October 2023

Siderite (FeCO3) is an important ferrous iron carbonate in the geochemical cycling of iron, as it is a sink for iron under reducing conditions. However, its detection is not straightforward with classical analytical approaches because in natural samples it is often fine‐grained and/or occurs in low concentrations. In this study, we explore the analytical potential of low‐temperature magnetometry. Synthetic siderites with a limited amount of associated ferric iron of up to 5 mol% and some natural siderites were subjected to investigation. Maxima in the cooling curves in a 5 T magnetic field shows that the Néel temperature of siderite is at 37 K in agreement with literature data. Those maxima appear at a higher temperature in the synthetic siderites with associated/sorbed ferric iron; it is 45 K for the 5 mol% Fe3+ synthesis. With the increasing amount of ferric iron, the synthetic siderites show an increasingly prominent remanence tail beyond the nominal Néel temperature in field‐cooled (FC) and zero‐field‐cooled (ZFC) warming curves of the remanent magnetization acquired in 5 T at 5 K. Fine‐grained siderite alters in air on laboratory time scales which is manifested by more pronounced remanence tails up to higher temperatures. Siderite's presence is best diagnosed by evaluating a combination of FC warming curves and a FC/ZFC remanence ratio >3 at 5 K. Standard addition experiments of FC warming curves enable the determination of siderite down to 0.1 wt%.
Continental Fragments in the South China Block: Constraints From Crustal Radial Anisotropy
Authors: Li Tingzi , Jiang Mingming , Zhao Liang , Chu Yang , Yao Weihua , Wan Bo , Chen Ling , Ai Yinshuang , Bodin Thomas , Yuan Huaiyu
Published: October 2023

The lithospheric architecture of the South China Block (SCB) is crucial to understanding the formation and evolution of this distinctive and highly reworked continental lithosphere with over 3 billion years of tectonic history. However, due to a lack of high‐resolution geophysical datasets, a detailed picture of the SCB lithosphere is absent, and fundamental questions regarding its formation, assembly, and subsequent reworking processes are actively debated. Assuming that unique deformation patterns due to such tectonic processes can be mapped by seismic anisotropy, we present a new crustal radially anisotropic shear‐wave velocity model along a 1500‐km seismic transect that spans the major tectonic domains of the SCB to characterize the past deformation processes. The new seismic models show significant lateral variations in seismic anisotropy and velocity, suggesting that the SCB consists of several separated (micro)continental blocks or terranes that likely have different origins and have survived the prolonged deformation history since the early formation of these continental fragments. Combining available geophysical datasets, we link individual crustal domains of distinct anisotropy to constrain the multiphase deformation processes of the SCB, including the early formation of the Proto‐Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks, the assembly of the SCB, and the subsequent reactivation of the interior and extensive deformation that have formed the Basin‐and‐Range style tectonics in the Cathaysia Block. We suggest that relict continental fragments have played critical roles in the formation and reactivation of the SCB lithosphere.
Local Ice Mass Balance Rates via Bayesian Analysis of Mars Polar Trough Migration
Authors: Izquierdo Kristel , Bramson Ali M. , McClintock Thomas , Laferriere Kris L. , Byrne Shane , Bapst Jonathan , Smith Isaac
Published: October 2023

With the aim of better understanding the past depositional environment of the north polar region of Mars, we infer local ice accumulation and retreat rates in the area between 86° and 87°N and 16°–20°E. We follow a novel approach utilizing a Bayesian framework with observations of bounding surfaces associated with the migration of two polar spiral troughs. Over time, spiral troughs have migrated toward the north pole due to ice accumulation, sublimation, and wind transport. We relate the record of trough migration with local ice accumulation and retreat rates using a phenomenological migration model and explore the climate parameters that affect these rates using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Using this data‐driven approach, we find best fit mean accumulation rates of 0.11–0.18 mm/yr in the upper 500 m of the stratigraphy of our study region. These mean accumulation rates correspond to trough ages of over 4 Myr, which implies that the north polar cap is older than most current assumptions. We also find that the relationship between accumulation rates and the obliquity of Mars is complex, with periods of positive correlation occurring in the last several Myr. Future work extending this analysis to all troughs in the cap will further constrain these relationships and ages.
The Growth of Ring Current/SYM‐H Under Northward IMF Bz Conditions Present During the 21–22 January 2005 Geomagnetic Storm
Authors: Rout Diptiranjan , Patra S. , Kumar S. , Chakrabarty D. , Reeves G. D. , Stolle C. , Pandey K. , Chakraborty S. , Spencer E. A.
Published: October 2023

The total energy transfer from the solar wind to the magnetosphere is governed by the reconnection rate at the magnetosphere edges as the Z‐component of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz) turns southward. The geomagnetic storm on 21–22 January 2005 is considered to be anomalous as the SYM‐H index that signifies the strength of ring current, decreases and had a sustained trough value of −101 nT lasting more than 6 hr under northward IMF Bz conditions. In this work, the standard WINDMI model is utilized to estimate the growth and decay of magnetospheric currents by using several solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling functions. However, it is found that the WINDMI model driven by any of these coupling functions is not fully able to explain the decrease of SYM‐H under northward IMF Bz. A dense plasma sheet along with signatures of a highly stretched magnetosphere was observed during this storm. The SYM‐H variations during the entire duration of the storm were only reproduced after modifying the WINDMI model to account for the effects of the dense plasma sheet. The limitations of directly driven models relying purely on the solar wind parameters and not accounting for the state of the magnetosphere are highlighted by this work.
First report of emerging fungal pathogens of Cordyceps militaris in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Trung Thanh , Le Thi Nguyen-Gia , Nguyen Thuan Huy
Published: October 2023

Cultivation of Cordyceps militaris, a valuable medicinal and edible fungus, has dramatically increased in Vietnam since 2010. During industrial production, parasitic white molds were found to infect the mycelia and fruiting bodies of C. militaris causing significant quality and yield losses. Two different fungal strains were obtained from the mycelia and fruiting bodies of C. militaris in Danang mushroom farms and were characterized by morphological and multiple DNA markers analysis. The sequence alignment of ITS, LSU and rpb2 markers revealed that the pathogens are related to the type species Lecanicillium coprophilum and Calcarisporium cordycipiticola with more than 99% sequence identities. The growth characteristics and pathogenic activities of the two isolated species on their host C. militaris were also investigated. The phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS sequences showed that L. coprophilum WF2611 is closer to its host C. militaris than C. cordycipiticola NT1504. To our knowledge, this is the first worldwide report of C. militaris infected by L. coprophilum which would be an useful information on prevention and control of the disease and be helpful for the industrial cultivation of C. militaris.
Investigating coping and stigma in people living with HIV through narrative medicine in the Italian multicentre non-interventional study DIAMANTE
Authors: Antinori A. , Vergori A. , Ripamonti D. , Valenti D. , Esposito V. , Carleo M. A. , Rusconi S. , Cascio A. , Manzillo E. , Andreoni M. , Orofino G. , Cappuccio A. , Reale L. , Marini M. G. , Mancusi D. , Termini R. , Uglietti A. , Portaro M.
Published: October 2023

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) morbidity and mortality; nevertheless, stigma still characterises the living with this condition. This study explored patients’ coping experience by integrating narrative medicine (NM) in a non-interventional clinical trial. From June 2018 to September 2020 the study involved 18 centres across Italy; enrolled patients were both D/C/F/TAF naïve and previously ART-treated. Narratives were collected at enrolment (V1) and last visit (V4) and then independently analysed by three NM specialist researchers through content analysis. One-hundred and fourteen patients completed both V1 and V4 narratives. Supportive relationships with clinicians and undetectable viral load facilitated coping. Conversely, lack of disclosure of HIV-positive status, HIV metaphors, and unwillingness to narrate the life before the diagnosis indicated internalised stigma. This is the first non-interventional study to include narratives as patient reported outcomes (PROs). Improving HIV awareness and reducing the sense of guilt experienced by patients helps to overcome stigma and foster coping.
Ultrathin carpet cloak enabled by infinitely anisotropic medium
Authors: Fakheri Mohammad Hosein , Abdolali Ali
Published: October 2023

Thanks to the pioneering studies conducted on the fields of transformation optics (TO) and metasurfaces, many unprecedented devices such as invisibility cloaks have been recently realized. However, each of these methods has some drawbacks limiting the applicability of the designed devices for real-life scenarios. For instance, TO studies lead to bulky coating layer with the thickness that is comparable to, or even larger than the dimension of the concealed object. In this paper, based on the coordinate transformation, an ultrathin carpet cloak is proposed to hide objects with arbitrary shape and size using a thin anisotropic material, called as infinitely anisotropic medium (IAM). It is shown that unlike the previous metasurface-based carpet cloaks, the proposed IAM hides objects from all viewing incident angles while it is extremely thin compared with the object dimensions. This material also circumvents the conventional transformation optics’ complexities and could be easily implemented in practical scenarios. To demonstrate the capability of the proposed carpet cloak, several full-wave simulations are carried out. Finally, as a proof of concept, the IAM is implemented based on the effective medium theory which exhibits good agreement with the results obtained from the theoretical investigations. The introduced material not only constitutes a significant step towards the invisibility cloak but also can greatly promote the practical application of the other TO-based devices.
Distributed photovoltaic short‐term power forecasting using hybrid competitive particle swarm optimization support vector machines based on spatial correlation analysis
Authors: Sheng Wanxing , Li Rui , Shi Lei , Lu Tianguang
Published: October 2023

In order to further improve the accuracy of distributed photovoltaic (DPV) power prediction, this paper proposes a support vector machine (SVM) model based on hybrid competitive particle swarm optimization (HCPSO) with consideration of spatial correlation (SC), for realizing short‐term PV power prediction tasks. Firstly, the spatial correlation analysis is conducted on the distributed PV stations. The k‐means clustering method based on morphological similarity distance improvement and mutual information function is used to select the best reference station and the best delay, which generates strongly correlated PV sequences. Then, a hybrid algorithm of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and sine cosine algorithm (SCA) in a competitive framework (HCPSO) is proposed, aiming to fuse the fast convergence capability of PSO algorithm with the global search capability of SCA algorithm, while enabling the algorithm to effectively handle high‐dimensional optimization problems based on a competitive mechanism. Finally, the HCPSO algorithm is combined with SVM algorithm, which expands the applicable scenarios of the SVM model and effectively improves the accuracy of PV short‐term prediction.
Bedeutung von Biofilmen bei Harnwegsinfektionen –
Senföle als pflanzliche Alternative zum
Antibiotika-Einsatz
Authors: Beckmann Gero , Bocklet Bad
Published: October 2023

Harnwegsinfektionen (HWI) repräsentieren eine der bedeutendsten
bakteriellen Infektionen in der ärztlichen Praxis. HWI betreffen
hauptsächlich Frauen sowie in geringerem Ausmaß kleine Jungen
und betagtere Männer. Basierend auf nationalen und internationalen
Studien ist davon auszugehen, dass mindestens jede 3. Frau eine oder mehrere HWI
im Laufe ihres Lebens erleidet und jede 10. Frau sogar mindestens einmal
jährlich betroffen ist. In über 80% der Fälle
gehen die Beschwerden auf eine Infektion der Blase (Zystitis) zurück.
Blasenentzündungen sind damit die häufigste Form der HWI. Die
meisten dieser Infektionen gelten zwar als unkompliziert, gehen aber mit einem
hohen Leidensdruck einher.

Jede vierte Frau leidet unter rezidivierenden Harnwegsinfektionen (rHWI). In
diesen Fällen entziehen sich die Keime häufig durch Bildung von
Biofilmen oder Internalisierung in die Blasenwand der meist antibiotischen
Therapie und es kommt zu einem späteren Aufflammen des Infekts.

Insbesondere bei der Therapie von unkomplizierten HWI kam es in den letzten
Jahren zu einem Paradigmenwechsel. Zunehmende Resistenzentwicklung uropathogener
Erreger, neuere Erkenntnisse zur Auswirkung antibakterieller Therapien auf das
intestinale Mikrobiom und Anforderungen des „antibiotic
stewardship“ führten zum Umdenken der früher
häufig verordneten sofortigen antibiotischen Therapie. Dies hat sich
auch in den Handlungsempfehlungen der ärztlichen Leitlinien
niedergeschlagen. So betont die aktuelle S3-Leitlinie, dass es bei der Therapie
der unkomplizierten Zystitis bei Erwachsenen im Wesentlichen darum gehe, die
klinischen Symptome rascher zum Abklingen zu bringen und dass bei Patientinnen
mit leichten bis mittleren Beschwerden eine rein symptomatische Therapie erwogen
werden könne. Gerade bei solchen unkomplizierten Infektionen
können multimodal wirksame Pflanzeninhaltsstoffe sowohl den
zugrundeliegenden Bakterien als auch der unangenehmen Symptomatik entgegenwirken
und zur Reduktion von Antibiotikaresistenzen beitragen.

Auch bei rHWI werden inzwischen im Rahmen einer Stufentherapie Phytotherapeutika
vor der antibiotischen Langzeitprophylaxe empfohlen und als pflanzliche
Behandlungsmöglichkeit der Einsatz von Kapuzinerkresse und Meerrettich
befürwortet.
Sozialleistungen für Kinder und Jugendliche mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Fasshauer Maria , Dunst Franziska
Published: October 2023

Patient:innen und deren Familien mit einer neu diagnostizierten chronischen Erkrankung sind zunächst mit vielen Problemen konfrontiert. In Deutschland ist die medizinische Behandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit chronischen Erkrankungen und/oder Behinderungen im Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB) V festgeschrieben 1. Der Artikel soll einen Überblick zu potenziellen Fragen bezüglich Sozialleistungen oder sonstigen Unterstützungsangeboten darstellen und grob auf verschiedene Hilfen eingehen. In der Praxis kann eine gezielte Sozialberatung Informationen und Wegweiser bei Themen wie Selbsthilfe, Teilhabe, Erziehung, Bildung, Freizeit, Schule/Arbeit, Prävention, Rehabilitation und Pflege bieten. Wichtig ist es, die Familien auf dieses Angebot hinzuweisen.
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen – Unterstützung bei Diabetes und Depression
Authors: Bretschneider Maxi Pia , Schwarz Peter E.H.
Published: October 2023

Stand August 2023 sind 2 Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGAs), welche Patientinnen und Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 unterstützen, zugelassen: Vitadio (vorläufige Zulassung 04/2022) und mebix (vorläufige Zulassung 07/2023) 1, 2. In diesem Artikel der DiGA-Serie wird die DiGA Vitadio unter die Lupe genommen, die wichtigsten Informationen präsentiert, sowie kleine Einblicke in die App gewährt.
Selbstbehandlung des Kreuzdarmbeingelenkes
Authors: Mensching Steffen
Published: October 2023

Schmerzen im Kreuzdarmbeingelenk lassen sich in vielen Fällen auch in Eigentherapie behandeln. Verschiedene Übungen, die die Patient*innen zu Hause selbst durchführen, können Schmerzen lindern und die Beweglichkeit verbessern. Wichtig ist, auch bei der Eigentherapie die Grundsätze der Manuellen Medizin zu beachten und beispielsweise nicht über die Belastungsgrenze hinauszugehen. Sollten sich die Beschwerden dabei jedoch nicht bessern oder sogar zunehmen, sollte dies noch einmal ärztlich abgeklärt werden.
Faszien: Was ist übrig von dem Hype?
Authors: Schleip Robert
Published: October 2023

Faszien waren lange Zeit ein wenig beachtetes Gewebe, bis um sie ein regelrechter Hype entstand. In der Forschung verdeutlicht sich ihre Bedeutung für die Gesundheit des Bewegungsapparates. So zeigt es sich, dass Faszien eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entstehung von Beschwerden wie Rückenschmerzen oder bei Zerrverletzungen spielen. In der Sportmedizin ist der Blick auf die Faszien ein wichtiger Pfeiler bei der Verletzungsprophylaxe.
Rückgang der diabetischen Retinopathie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Richter Michaela
Published: October 2023

Die diabetische Retinopathie (DR) ist weltweit die vierthäufigste Augenerkrankung bei Erwachsenen und kann zur Erblindung führen. Wie eine aktuelle internationale Kohorten-Studie zeigt, ist die Komplikation bei Kindern und Jugendlichen rückläufig. Die Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft (DDG) weist jedoch darauf hin, dass bestimmte Patientengruppen in Deutschland dennoch zu selten auf diabetesbedingte Augenerkrankungen gescreent werden.
Looking back at five decades of embryo technology in practice
Authors: Hasler John F.
Published: October 2023

This paper covers developments from International Embryo Technology Society (IETS) meetings over the past 50 years. The IETS was officially ‘born’ at a meeting in Denver, Colorado on Sunday 26 May 1974. There have been 51 IETS meetings (the first was in May 1974), and the first conference at which papers were presented was in 1975. The name of the IETS was changed from International Embryo Transfer Society to International Embryo Technology Society in 2016. The annual IETS conferences are held once a year in January. Embryo technology advanced from the laborious and slow techniques of surgical recovery and transfer of bovine embryos to non-surgical recovery and transfer in many species. Cryopreservation of embryos was initially a slow process that met with only moderate technical success before the development of technology that resulted in high embryo survival rates. The polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the sex of embryos following laminar flow cytology, which came into use to separate X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa. IVF has grown to become widely used, and several factors make it more useful than superovulation and embryo recovery/transfer. Perhaps the most important tool of all was the system that allowed the genetic ‘mapping’ of the genomic sequence of Bos taurus cattle. Charting key DNA differences by scientists, ‘haplotypes’ are now used routinely to identify animals with desirable traits of economic importance, discover new genetic disorders, and track carrier status of genotyped animals. Future technology is discussed.
LLPS of SQSTM1/p62 and NBR1 as outcomes of lysosomal stress response limits cancer cell metastasis
Authors: Noguchi Takuya , Sekiguchi Yuto , Shimada Tatsuya , Suzuki Wakana , Yokosawa Takumi , Itoh Tamaki , Yamada Mayuka , Suzuki Midori , Kurokawa Reon , Hirata Yusuke , Matsuzawa Atsushi
Published: October 2023

Liquid droplet has emerged as a flexible intracellular compartment that modulates various cellular processes. Here, we uncover an antimetastatic mechanism governed by the liquid droplets formed through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of SQSTM1/p62 and neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1). Some of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) initiated lysosomal stress response that promotes the LLPS of p62 and NBR1, resulting in the spreading of p62/NBR1 liquid droplets. Interestingly, in the p62/NBR1 liquid droplet, degradation of RAS-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 was accelerated by cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1, which limits cancer cell motility. Moreover, the antimetastatic activity of the TKIs was completely overridden in p62/NBR1 double knockout cells both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our results demonstrate a function of the p62/NBR1 liquid droplet as a critical determinant of cancer cell behavior, which may provide insight into both the clinical and biological significance of LLPS.
Semiotic excess in memes
Authors: Wagener Albin
Published: October 2023

Since the apparition of the web 2.0, memes have emerged as a form of language that blends visual and linguistic signs in a compressed format. Memes represent a typical production of our postdigital society, insofar as they blur boundaries between the digital and the non-digital, circulate quickly and may have an influence on our society. Memes also participate in the reinterpreting and expressing complex emotions, ideas, and cultural references in a new, condensed form. The aim of this paper is to show how memes convey hateful representations, both through language and visual signs based on popular culture, thus participating in a climate of violence in public discourse. This discourse analysis is based on a case study of memes that present excessive messages, through a particular blend of linguistic and visual utterances.
Verb placement in L3 French and L3 German
Authors: Busterud Guro , Dahl Anne , Kush Dave , Listhaug Kjersti Faldet
Published: October 2023

This article explores cross-linguistic influence and the relationship between surface structure and underlying syntactic structure in L3 acquisition of verb placement in L1 Norwegian L2 English learners of L3 German or French, respectively. In these languages, verb placement varies systematically. Previous research has found transfer from both L1 and L2 in similar language combinations. Using an acceptability judgment task, we tested verb placement in non-subject-initial and subject-initial sentences. Findings indicate that L3 French learners performed better on non-subject-initial sentences compared to subject-initial sentences, whereas the opposite was the case in L3 German.

We argue that our findings can be explained by a generative account of verb movement and are compatible with an analysis where verbs do not move, or do not move far enough, in the L3 learners’ underlying syntactic representation. Following the assumption that verb movement is a costly operation, we argue that the syntactic operation verb movement is constrained by principles of economy in L3 acquisition, and that economy plays a role in determining cross-linguistic influence in multilingual acquisition. Our account is compatible with a uniform analysis of the acquisition of verb movement in L1, L2 and L3, and underlines the qualitative similarities in different acquisition processes.
Engaging early experiential learners to improve quality at a VA medical center — a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Gamston Courtney E , Stamm Pamela L , McDowell Lena , Aikens Garrett B , Stevenson T Lynn , Peden Greg , Lloyd Kimberly Braxton
Published: October 2023

Purpose

An innovative population health–based introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) leveraging a Veterans Affairs (VA) and college of pharmacy collaboration was implemented in fall 2019. All second-year pharmacy students from the college actively engage in the evaluation of the medical records of veterans identified using population health management tools as needing additional care or experiencing a gap in care. This study examines the clinical impact of the experience on the care of patients at the partnering VA medical center.

Methods

Course and patient records were reviewed to enumerate the number and types of interventions performed as part of the IPPE from fall 2019 to spring 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to report clinical impact. Where relevant, t test analysis was used to compare pre- and postintervention clinical values.

Results

A total of 1,794 medical records were reviewed. An average of 2.67 interventions were completed for each of the 615 veterans receiving an intervention. A total of 155 patients were identified as needing routine laboratory tests (eg, glycated hemoglobin), with 48.4% of patients receiving recommended laboratory tests within 3 months. Thirty-three veterans were eligible for prescription renewals, resulting in 43 medication orders. Thirty-six veterans were recommended to take a statin medication, and statin therapy was initiated in 11, resulting in a significant decrease in the mean (SD) low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (–42.4 [30.3] mg/dL, P < 0.05). Eight hundred immunizations were recommended for 632 veterans, and 286 recommendations were verbally accepted.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that a population health–based IPPE can provide significant clinical support to the care of patients within the VA health system.
Understanding pathways to health-system pharmacy administration: A journey mapping study
Authors: McLaughlin Jacqueline E , Morbitzer Kathryn A , Zeeman Jacqueline M , Eckel Stephen F
Published: October 2023

Purpose

Pharmacy administrators play a critical role in the success of health systems, yet pathways to pharmacy administration are incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe pathways to becoming a health-system pharmacy administrator, including challenges experienced and resources needed.

Methods

Participants (N = 21) individually completed one or more journey maps detailing the pathway(s) to pharmacy administration and then engaged in small group discussion to identify common themes. A large group debrief was used to share and identify findings across small groups. Thematic analysis was utilized to identify common ideas shared.

Results

There was variation across the maps, illustrating many steps one might follow to become a pharmacy administrator. In the 23 maps completed, pathways most frequently began with pharmacy school (n = 9, 39.1%), high school (n = 6, 26.1%), or undergraduate training (n = 4, 17.4%). Most included residency training or dual master’s of science in health-system pharmacy administration/residency training (n = 16, 69.6%). Common challenges included distractions, time constraints, grades/performance, financial constraints, and stress. Common resources needed included exposure to diverse career paths, pipeline and outreach support, mentoring, and leadership. Themes included debate about the definition of a pharmacy administrator, questions regarding the core competencies of the pharmacy administrator, discussion regarding ways to enter pharmacy administration, and reflection on the role of serendipity and networking.

Conclusion

Understanding the pathways to pharmacy administration is critical to fostering a sustainable and competent workforce. Work must be done to identify strategies and develop processes for identifying, equipping, and retaining talented health-system pharmacy administrators and leaders.
Outcomes of open repair for descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm in recent 10 years: experience of a high-volume centre in Korea
Authors: Oh Ah Ran , Lim Suk Kyung , Sung Kiick , Lee Sangmin Maria , Lee Jong-Hwan
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES

Although recent studies and guidelines suggest the preferred outcomes after surgical repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA), published results are limited to those from high-volume hospitals and based on old data gathered before optimal management was established. Here, we analysed our outcomes over the previous 10 years from cases of open TAA and TAAA repair to offer updated and real-world results of those complex procedures performed in a high-volume centre.

METHODS

From November 2013 to April 2022, 212 consecutive adult patients who underwent open TAA and TAAA repair were enrolled. We analysed early and late outcomes after surgery, including postoperative complications and mortality.

RESULTS

There were 154 (73%) men, and the median age at surgery was 61 years. Intraoperative death occurred in 1 patient due to uncontrolled bleeding. Nine patients (4%) died during follow-up, and the survival estimates at 5 years were 94 ± 3% and 95 ± 3% after descending TAA and TAAA repair, respectively. Ten patients (4%) suffered from spinal cord ischaemic injury (9 with paraplegia and 1 with paresthesia), but permanent paraplegia persisted in only 1 case.

CONCLUSIONS

We report very low postoperative complication rates and excellent early and late survival rates after open TAA and TAAA repair from our recent 10-year data analysis. These findings may assist when choosing treatment options for these complicated diseases.
CardioCel® for repair of congenital heart defects: nationwide results of over 1000 implants
Authors: Patukale Aditya A , Marathe Supreet P , Betts Kim S , Daley Michael , Shetty Gautham , Anand Abhishek , Suna Jessica , Andrews David , Karl Tom R , Brizard Christian , Venugopal Prem , Alphonso Nelson
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES

To assess the mid-term performance of CardioCel for the repair of congenital heart defects.

METHODS

Data were retrospectively collected from databases and hospital records in 3 congenital cardiac surgery centres in Australia. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to test for associations between patient age, gender, patch type and site of implantation. Multivariable Cox regression was used to test whether any specific implantation site was associated with reintervention risk, after adjusting for age group, gender and patch type.

RESULTS

A total of 1184 CardioCel patches were implanted in 752 patients under the age of 18 years. Median age at implant was 12 months [interquartile range (IQR) 3.6–84]. Median follow-up was 2.1 years (IQR 0.6–4.6). Probability of freedom from CardioCel-related reintervention was 93% [95% confidence interval (CI) 91–95] at 1 year, 91% (95% CI 88–93) at 3 years and 88% (95% CI 85–91) at 5 years, respectively. On multivariable regression analysis, aortic valve repair had a higher incidence of reintervention [hazard ratio (HR) = 7.15, P = 0.008] compared to other sites. The probability of reintervention was higher in neonates (HR = 6.71, P = 0.0007), especially when used for augmentation of the pulmonary arteries (HR = 14.38, P = 0.029), as compared to other age groups.

CONCLUSIONS

CardioCel can be used for the repair of a variety of congenital heart defects. In our study, in patients receiving a CardioCel implant, reinterventions were higher when CardioCel was used to augment the pulmonary arteries in neonates and for aortic valve repair as compared to other sites.
Subsidiaries
Authors: Crowe Jonathan , Bradshaw Tony
Published: October 2023

This chapter examines the accounting for simple parent and subsidiary business combinations, where one company acquires control of another. Accounting standards for the preparation of consolidated financial statements that reflect the entities' investments in each other, and combinations of their businesses, are discussed. The financial results and position of the combined entities are therefore presented as those of a single entity. The chapter enumerates the different categories of investment by one company in another, and shows the different accounting treatments. Most importantly, the chapter illustrates the preparation of the consolidated statement of financial position, statement of comprehensive income, and statement changes of equity for a simple group structure, including a parent company and one or more subsidiaries, using the acquisition method.
Evaluating Business Ethics Normative Ethical Theories
Authors: Crane Andrew , Matten Dirk , Glozer Sarah , Spence Laura J.
Published: October 2023

This chapter sets out the key normative ethical theories that can be applied to business ethics problems, in terms of both traditional and contemporary theoretical approaches. It addresses Western modernist ethical theories, i.e. utilitarianism, ethics of duty, rights and justice, and social contract theory. The array of ethical theories discussed in the chapter provides a rich source of assistance in making morally informed decisions. The chapter aims to identify a pragmatic, pluralistic approach to theory application. It also discusses and utilizes alternative ethical theories, i.e. virtue ethics, ethics of care, discourse ethics, and postmodernism. Ultimately, the chapter carries out a pluralist business ethics evaluation.
Shareholders and Business Ethics
Authors: Crane Andrew , Matten Dirk , Glozer Sarah , Spence Laura J.
Published: October 2023

This chapter sets out the rights and responsibilities of shareholders, emphasizing the ethical issues that arise in the area of corporate governance including insider trading, executive remuneration, and ethics of private equity. It focuses on the different corporate governance models across the globe, and the specific role played by shareholders in socially responsible investment. The chapter also evaluates the ethical implications of globalization for company–shareholder relations. It explores the roles of shareholder democracy, shareholder activism, and responsible investment in promoting ethical business behaviour. Ultimately, the chapter concludes with a discussion of alternative forms of corporate ownership as a basis for enhanced sustainability.
Employees and Business Ethics
Authors: Crane Andrew , Matten Dirk , Glozer Sarah , Spence Laura J.
Published: October 2023

This chapter studies ethical issues in relation to employees and workers. Focusing on the specific role of employees and workers as a stakeholder, the chapter addresses the various rights and duties of this stakeholder group, and presents the global context of workers' rights. The chapter also discusses corporate citizenship and sustainability in relation to employees, in the context of issues such as employee participation, work–life balance, and sustainable employment. It further explicates the role of good corporate citizenship in managing human rights. Ultimately, the chapter assesses the ethical issues raised by globalization for managing employees. It then identifies the implications for sustainability of firms' relationships with employees.
Leases, Foreign Exchange, and Deferred Tax
Authors: Winfield Jimmy , Graham Mark , Miller Taryn
Published: October 2023

This chapter addresses leases, foreign exchange, and deferred tax. Unless the lease payments are of low value, or the lease term is less than twelve months, a lessee will account for a lease by recognising a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability to pay for it. The lease liability is measured at the present value of the lease payments. In each reporting period, its carrying amount decreases by the difference between the actual lease payments and the interest charge representing the unwinding of the discount. When a business includes an operation in a country that uses a different currency to the main business, the assets and liabilities of that operation are added to the financial statement of the main business using the foreign exchange rate at the year-end. The chapter then considers deferred tax assets or liabilities, as well as deferred tax income or expense.