bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Free Fatty Acid in Frying Oils of Various Foodstuffs
Authors: Febrianto F. , Setianingsih A. , Riyani A.
Published: March 2022

Cooking oil is one of the basic human needs as food processing media. Repeated use of cooking oil by heating at high temperature will produce free fatty acid levels. This study aim to determine the levels of free fatty acids in frying oils of various foodstuffs which were chicken, catfish, and flour with acid base titration method.  The study population was frying oils of various foodstuffs of 0 up to 5th. The results of fatty acid levels in the repeated use of chiken (sample A), catfish (sample B) and flour foodstuffs shows the fatty acid levels exceed safe limits set by SNI 7709:2012. The fatty acid levels of the oil before it used was 0.24%. The increase of free fatty acid was influeced by how many the coocing oil used to frying. The highest level of fatty acid in coocing oil was reached after the fifth of friying. It happened because the level water in foodstuffs increase due to the used of coocing oil
Adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on Liquid Waste of Electroplating Home Industry using Silica based Adsorbent Prepared from Glass Waste
Authors: Saputri Y. P. , Priyambodo E.
Published: March 2022

This study aims to (1) knowing the optimum pH and adsorption contact time of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions in liquid waste of electroplating by silica gel prepared from glass waste, and (2) knowing the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions in liquid waste of electroplating by silica from glass waste. Synthesis of silica gel using sol gel method. In this method, a powder of glass waste is reacted with sodium hydroxide solution to form sodium silicate. Hydrochloric acid solution was added into the sodiumsilicate to form silica gel. Adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal ions was done by batch method at various pH and contact time. The experiments shows that  (1) the optimum pH and the optimum contact time for Cu(II) adsorption was 7 and 3 hours, therefore the optimum pH and the optimum contact time for Zn(II) was 8 and 3 hours, (2) the adsorption effectiveness of Cu(II) and Zn(II) in liquid waste of electroplating by silica from glass waste  occurred in pH 7 for 3 hours were 99.9300% and 95.4200%.
Separation of Manganese Metal Ions with Natural Zeolite Adsorbents and Activated Charcoal of Shall Water use Column Adsorption Method
Authors: Batrisya Batrisya , Suyanta Suyanta
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of natural zeolite and activated charcoal to reduce levels of manganese in shall water, determine the effect of contact time with the effectiveness of separation of manganese metal in a shallow well water and know the condition before-after the adsorption process. Method that used was column adsorption with a flow system in which sample is applied to the filtration tube containing zeolite and active carbon. The tests carried out included testing of drinking water parameters namely pH and TDS, testing of manganese content in a shallow well water using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed the effectiveness value of natural zeolite adsorbent and activated charcoal using an adsorption column to reduce manganese content in a shallow well water of 90.404%. The longer the use of natural zeolite and activated charcoal, the effectiveness of reducing the manganese content in a shallow well water tends to decrease. A shallow well water samples before the adsorption process have safe conditions for pH and TDS parameters, for manganese metal parameters are also still below the appropriate threshold (SNI) number 01-0220-1987 and RI Permenkes No.492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010, after the process of adsorption of f a shallow well water is safe for consumption.
Synthesis of Chitosan Sulfate From Crab (Scylla serrata) and its application as adsorbent
Authors: Salmahaminati Salmahaminati
Published: March 2022

Synthesis of chitosan sulfate from crab (Scylla Serrata) shell and its application as Remazol Yellow FG dye adsorbent has been studied. This experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness of chitin from crab shell to be converted into chitosan sulfate and to study the adsorption of chitosan sulfate by Remazol Yellow FG dye.  Isolation of chitin from crab shell was done by deproteination and demineralization process. Chitin had been converted into chitosan using demineralization process. Chitosan sulfate was made by reacting chitosan with 1 M ammonium sulfate solution. Characterizations of the chitosan are involving determination of degree of deacetylation. Functional group of chitin, chitosan and chitosan sulfate were determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The dye adsorption of chitosan sulfate was analyzed with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The result showed that rendement of chitin, chitosan and chitosan sulphate were 28.57%, 52.5% and 92%. The degree of deacetilation of chitin and chitosan were 80 – 90% and 70 – 80%. Remazol Yellow FG was adsopr 76.5%.
Preparation of Magnetite-Tannin Guava Leaves as Pb(II) Adsorbent
Authors: Rusmana Mochamad Hafiz Ghozali , Sulistyaningsih Triastuti
Published: March 2022

The increasing use of heavy metals in everyday life causes serious environmental pollution, one of which is the Pb(II) metal ion which is toxic to organisms. This study aimed to modify the tannins extracted from guava leaves with magnetite (Fe3O4) by coprecipitation as adsorbent of Pb(II) metal ion. The modified results were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Metal ion levels of Pb(II) before and after adsorption were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results showed that the tannins increased the magnetite-tannin crystal size from 85.17 to 155.66 nm. Modification of magnetite (Fe3O4) in guava leaf tannins is able to provide magnetic properties that facilitate post-adsorption separation. The optimum adsorption conditions were reached at pH 7 for magnetite-tannin and magnetite with optimum contact time. The adsorption of magnetite-tannin and magnetite occurred at 90 and 60 minutes. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) metal ions by magnetite-tannin is smaller than that of magnetite. Both adsorption processes followed the Langmuir isotherm pattern and Pseudo Order Two (Ho) kinetics.
Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon doped TiO2 based on Solanum Tuberosum Starch
Authors: Ichsani Diandari Siti Nur , Kusumawardani Cahyorini
Published: March 2022

The carbon-doped TiO2 have been synthesized through sol-gel method using Solanum tuberosum starch as carbon source.  The carbon precursor composition and reaction time were varied to study its influence to the crystal structure and electronic structure of resulted material. The C- TiO2 product was characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS, FTIR, and photocatalytic activity examine by methylene blue degradation. The results showed that variations in the composition of the carbon precursor and reaction time affected the characteristics of the crystal structure and photocatalyst activity of C- TiO2. The optimum variation was found in the variation of 1.5 gram carbon composition and 24 hours hydrolysis time which had the smallest particle size and lowest bandgap energy. The highest photocatalyst activity was obtained at a 24-hour reaction time variation with 59.375% percent of methylene blue degraded in the second-order reaction with a k value of 2.1351.
Implications of child-friendly school policies in reducing cases of violence against children in elementary schools
Authors: Saptono Bambang
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of implementing child-friendly school policies in elementary schools. This research is quantitative research with survey design. Observations on the implementation of the policy were made to several schools in the Kulon Progo area. Analysis of field data regarding cases of child violence was carried out through descriptive statistics and literature review as a description of the condition of child-friendly schools in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of child-friendly school policies in the Kulon Progo Region is in the quite appropriate category. It is necessary to take steps in optimizing the applicable child-friendly school policy model. The constraint factors in implementing child-friendly school policies still need special attention, especially for education providers and the government.
PENERAPAN MEDIA 3D SKETCHUP PADA MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG MATA PELAJARAN MENGGAMBAR DENGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK DI SMK NEGERI 2 MEDAN
Authors: Harianja Lamtiur
Published: March 2022

Salah satu aspek terpenting dalam keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar adalah media pembelajaran. Penggunaan media tidak lain adalah untuk mengurangi verbalisme agar siswa mudah memahami bahan pelajaran yang disajikan. Selain dengan perangkat 2D menggambar dengan perangkat lunak juga membutuhkan media visualisasi 3D yang dapat memperjelas pandangan akan obyek pekerjaan. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran ini adalah media 3D SketchUp dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media 3D SketchUp, mengetahui keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan mengetahui hasil belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-experimental designs dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan one-shot case study. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI TGB SMK Negeri 2 Medan. Kemudian untuk menganalisis data digunakan uji-t satu pihak kiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) hasil analisis validasi kelayakan media pembelajaran yang digunakan mendapat prosentase sebesar 93,33% dan dinyatakan sangat layak untuk digunkana dalam pembelajaran, (2) hasil analisis data hasil pengamatan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran didapatkan prosentase sebesar 81% dan dinyatakan terlakasana dengan sangat baik, (3) hasil analisis data uji-t, diperoleh thitung = 3,75, sedangkan ttabel = 1,684. Maka dalam ujin tersebut nilai thitung ttabel. Dengan demikian maka Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak.
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT EVALUASI BERBASIS HOTS MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI QUIZIZZ PADA MATA PELAJARAN MEKANIKA TEKNIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH
Authors: Narassati Ninda Ayu , Saleh Rosmawita , Arthur Riyan
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan alat evaluasi menggunakan aplikasi Quizizz pada mata pelajaran Mekanika Teknik dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh pada kelas X DPIB dan KGSP di beberapa SMK se-DKI Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Research and Developpment (RD) dengan model penelitian pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Evaluation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan alat evaluasi Mekanika Teknik mendapatkan kelayakan ahli materi sebesar 85,88% dengan kategori sangat layak, ahli instrumen sebesar 80,62% dengan kategori layak, dan ahli bahasa sebesar 85,14% dengan kategori sangat layak. Hasil uji validitas isi ahli materi sebesar 0,823 yang termasuk kategori tinggi, validitas isi ahli instrumen sebesar 0,758 yang termasuk kategori sedang, dan validitas isi ahli bahasa sebesar 0,833 yang termasuk kategori tinggi. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat evaluasi Mekanika Teknik menggunakan aplikasi Quizizz sudah sangat baik dalam mewakili suatu konstruk yang diukur sehingga dapat menunjang proses evaluasi pembelajaran jarak jauh pada mata pelajaran Mekanika Teknik dengan efektif dan efisien
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MODUL SISTEM UTILITAS BANGUNAN GEDUNG (SUBG) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 2 DEPOK
Authors: Fianti Desyia Ari
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan modul Sistem Utilitas Bangunan Gedung (SUBG) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI KGSP SMK Negeri 2 Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pre-experimental design dengan model one group pretest-posttest design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Sampel dipilih 33 siswa dihitung menurut teori Slovin. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan uji statistik parametrik, yaitu t-test for paired samples. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan modul Sistem Utilitas Bangunan Gedung dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, hal ini diketahui berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis: (1) uji t-test for paired sampels dengan nilai p=0.0000.05, artinya Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa yang signifikan antara sebelum dan setelah menggunakan modul; (2) perhitungan N-gain score dengan rata-rata hasil perhitungan efektivitas pembelajaran adalah 0,64. Hal ini berarti bahwa rerata hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan modul mengalami peningkatan pada level “sedang”.
Morphological Characteristics and Mineral Content Analysis of Magnetic Minerals Based on River and Coastal Sand using SEM-EDX
Authors: Didik Lalu A. , Damayanti Isniwana , Jumliati Jumliati , Alfadia Lestari Putri Dinda
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyze the mineral content and morphological characteristics of magnetic minerals based on coastal and river sand. Analysis of minerals content uses Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) to determine the content of Fe and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) to determine the elements of magnetic minerals based on coastal and river sand. While the morphological characteristics were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Based on the AAS analysis, magnetic mineral based on coastal sand has higher Fe content (9.03 mg/gram) compared to magnetic mineral based on river sand (8.03 mg/gram). This is also confirmed by EDX analysis where the Fe content of magnetic mineral based on coastal sand is 2.07 ± 0.21%. This value is greater than the Fe content of magnetic mineral based on river sand which cannot be measured by EDX. Morphological analysis using SEM shows that magnetic mineral based on coastal sand has a relatively uniform particle size compared to magnetic mineral based on river sand. The particle size of magnetic minerals based on coastal sand also smaller than magnetic minerals based on river sand. Coastal sand also has finer size compared to river sand. This is because coastal sand sediments are formed due to the energy of sea waves so that they have a smoother structure. While river sand sediments come from limestone deposits that have a fine and coarse structure.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Magnetit (Fe3O4) Berbasis Pasir Besi Pantai Glagah Kulon Progo dengan Metode Kopresipitasi pada Berbagai Variasi Konsentrasi NH4OH
Authors: Prasetyowati Rita , Widiawati Dede , Swastika Pinaka Elda , Ariswan Ariswan , Warsono Warsono
Published: March 2022

Sintesis dan karakterisasi nanopartikel magnetit (Fe3O4) yang berbasis pasir besi Pantai Glagah, Kulon Progo telah berhasil dilakukan. Sintesis magnetit (Fe3O4) dilakukan dengan metode kopresipitasi pada berbagai variasi konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH (10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%).  Karakterisasi XRD, SEM EDS, dan VSM dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH terhadap struktur mikro dan sifat kemagnetan bahan magnetit (Fe3O4). Berdasarkan hasil XRD, variasi konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH tidak mempengaruhi nilai parameter kisi dan struktur kristal sampel Fe3O4 yang terbentuk, tetapi mempengaruhi ukuran kristal yang terbentuk. Hasil SEM EDS menunjukkan bahwa struktur morfologi permukaan sampel 2 (Fe3O4 dengan konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH 15%) cukup homogen serta memiliki komposisi kimia bahan yang terdiri dari Fe sebanyak 49,33%, O sebanyak 27,90% dan sisanya merupakan unsur pengotor. Hasil VSM menunjukkan bahwa sampel 2 (NH4OH 15%) memiliki magnetisasi saturasi (Ms) = 25,7 emu/g, magnetisasi remanen (Mr) = 0,06 emu/g, dan medan koersivitas (Hc) = 0,023 T. Sedangkan sampel 4 (NH4OH 25%) memiliki nilai magnetisasi saturasi (Ms) = 23,6 emu/g, magnetisasi remanen (Mr) = 2,02 emu/g, dan medan koersivitas (Hc) = 0,019 T. Kedua sampel tersebut tergolong soft magnetic material.
Mekanisme Biokimiawi dan Optimalisasi Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophilus dalam Pengolahan Yoghurt yang Berkualitas
Authors: Richard Hendarto David , Putri Handayani Arita , Esterelita Elisa , Aji Handoko Yoga
Published: March 2022

Yoghurt merupakan produk olahan susu menjadi minuman asam terfermentasi yang terbuat dari starter bakteri asam laktat. Beberapa manfaat mengkonsumsi yoghurt adalah dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah, menjaga kesehatan lambung dan mencegah penyakit kanker pada saluran pencernaan. terdapat dua bakteri yang merupakan kombinasi kultur paling bagus untuk pembuatan yoghurt yaitu Lactobacillus bulgaricus dengan kondisi optimum untuk pertumbuhannya adalah pH 5,5 dengan suhu 37°C dan Streptococcus thermophilus dengan kondisi optimum untuk pertumbuhannya adalah pH 6,8 dengan suhu 37°C. Mekanisme biokimiawi pembentukan asam laktat oleh L. bulgaricus dan S. thermophilus terjadi melalui proses pembentukan glukosa menjadi asam laktat yang berlangsung dalam keadaan anaerob. Proses glikolisis juga turut berperan dalam terbentuknya asam laktat melalui jalur EMP. Enzim-enzim yang terlibat meliputi enzim glukokinase, phosfoglukoisomerase, phosfofruktokinase, a-ldolase, gliseraldehid-3-phosfatdehidroginase, phosfogliserat kinase, phosfgliseromutase, enolase, piruvatkinase dan dehydrogenase. Optimalisasi L. bulgaricus dan S. thermophilus pada proses pengolahan yoghurt yang berkualitas dapat diperhatikan 2 faktor utama yang mempengaruhi yaitu suhu pertumbuhan kedua bakteri yang harus optimal 42°C serta pH yang optimal 6,15.
Sistem Kriptografi Stream Cipher Berbasis Fungsi Chaos untuk Keamanan Informasi
Authors: Sahid Sahid , Dhoruri Atmini , Lestari Dwi , Ratna Sari Eminugroho , Fauzan Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan Fungsi chaos Logistic Map dalam meningkatkan keamanan pengiriman informasi. Fungsi chaos memiliki tingkah laku yang sangat kompleks, irregular dan random di dalam sebuah sistem yang deterministik. Chaos mempunyai sifat yang kacau atau acak, perubahan sedikit saja akan membangkitkan bilangan yang berbeda, hal ini berguna dalam membangkitkan kunci. Fungsi chaos Logistic Map akan digunakan untuk membangkitkan kunci. Selanjutnya, digunakan fungsi sinus berosilasi tinggi untuk meningkatkan keacakan bilangan. Dalam menentukan pembangkit kunci akan digunakan protokol perjanjian kunci stickel. Selanjutnya pembangkit kunci akan di proses menggunakan fungsi chaos Logistic Map dikombinasikan dengan fungsi sinus berosilasi tinggi dan akan diperoleh kunci yang akan digunakan untuk enkripsi serta dekripsi. Pada proses enkripsi dilakukan perhitungan dengan rumus 15Ci=Ki+Pi"  mod 256, sedangkan proses dekripsi dilakukan perhitungan dengan rumus 15Ci=Ki-Pi"  mod 256, dengan 15Ci"  adalah Ciphertext, 15 Pi"  adalah Plaintext, serta 15Ki " adalah Kunci. Dengan menggunakan Logistic Map dan fungsi sinus pada pembangkit kunci diperoleh sifat chaos yang tinggi untuk nilai parameter tertentu, bersifat chaos hanya pada beberapa iterasi awal, selanjutnya error berkaitan dengan nilai 15xi=0" . Untuk nilai-nilai parameter yang lain diperoleh barisan kunci yang konvergen setelah beberapa iterasi.
Pengaruh Fraksi Massa terhadap Sifat Mekanik Material Komposit Binderless dari Ampas Tebu dan Serbuk Kayu Sengon
Authors: Ubaidillah Aan , Sujito Sujito , Purwandari Endhah
Published: March 2022

Analisis pengaruh fraksi massa serat ampas tebu dan serbuk kayu sengon terhadap sifat mekanik material komposit binderless dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan pengujian tarik dan pengujian bending terhadap material komposit binderless hasil sintesis. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap material komposit binderless dengan fraksi massa serbuk kayu sengon 0%-100%. Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan kekuatan tarik paling tinggi berada pada fraksi massa serbuk kayu sengon 100% (tanpa serat ampas tebu) dengan nilai sebesar (8,11 ± 0,69) MPa. Sementara untuk modulus elastisitas paling besar berada pada fraksi massa serbuk kayu sengon 40% dengan nilai sebesar (53,14 ± 1,73) MPa. Hasil pengujian bending menunjukkan kekuatan bending paling besar berada pada fraksi massa serbuk kayu sengon 90% dengan nilai sebesar (15,82 ± 1,90) MPa. Sementara itu untuk nilai modulus bending paling tinggi berada pada fraksi masssa serbuk kayu sengon 100% dengan nilai sebesar (439,88 ± 30,36) MPa.
STUDI KUALITATIF DAMPAK AKTIVITAS HARIAN TERHADAP PERFORMA FISIK ATLET FUTSAL PADA INDIVIDU SUKU TULEHU
Authors: Juniarsyah Agung Dwi , Anugrah Sendy Mohamad , Mulyawan Rizki , Ihsani Sri Indah , Winata Bagus
Published: March 2022

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mengukur karakteristik aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh suku Tulehu dalam aktivitas kesehariannya di saat usia mereka 15-20 tahun, yang dikaitkan dengan performa fisik mereka. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Terdapat 7 subjek dari total populasi yang tergabung dalam futsal Maluku Depok Club, yang berusia 20-23 tahun. Memiliki kriteria inklusi dimana setiap individu merupakan asli suku Tulehu Maluku, terdaftar sebagai anggota futsal Maluku Depok club dan berlatih selama 6 bulan, tumbuh dan berkembang di Maluku pada rentang usia 15 – 20 tahun dan bersedia mengikuti wawancara pada penelitian. Sedangkan kriteria eksklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah: Individu bukan asli suku Tulehu Maluku dan tidak pernah tinggal (tumbuh dan berkembang) di Maluku. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah Suku Tulehu dapat lebih mendominasi performa dikarenakan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh pemuda Tulehu sehari-hari ketika mereka tumbuh dan berkembang (di rentang usia 15-20 tahun). QUALITATIVE STUDY OF EFFECTS OF DAILY ACTIVITIES TOWARD PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN FUTSAL FROM TULEHU ETHNIC PLAYERS AbstractThis study measures the characteristics of activities carried out by the Tulehu tribe in their daily activities at the age of 15-20 years, thus affecting their physical performance. The research method using descriptive qualitative. There are 7 subjects from a total population are members of the Maluku Depok Club futsal, aged 20-23 years. Inclusion criteria was individual is a native of Tulehu Maluku, registered as a member of the Maluku Depok futsal club and practiced for 6 months, growing and developing in Maluku at the age range of 15-20 years and willing to take interviews in research. While the exclusion criteria in this study are individuals are not native to the Tulehu ethnic group of Maluku and have never lived (grown and developed) in Maluku. The conclusion is Tulehu tribe dominate more than others because of physical activities did by youth Tulehu when they grow and develop (at vulnerable ages 15-20 years).
Pengembangan model outdoor games activities pada pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Setyawan Hendra
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan outdoor games activities pada pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan yang layak digunakan sebagai materi pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: (1) pengumpulan informasi di lapangan, (2) menganalisis informasi yang telah dikumpulkan, (3) mengembangkan produk awal, (4) validasi ahli dan revisi, (5) uji coba skala kecil dan revisi, (6) uji coba skala besar dan revisi, dan (7) pembuatan produk final. Uji coba skala kecil dilakukan terhadap 66 orang siswa. Uji coba skala besar dilakukan terhadap 132 orang siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu; (1) pedoman wawancara, (2) skala nilai, (3) pedoman observasi permainan, (4) pedoman observasi keefektifan permainan, (5) pedoman observasi terhadap guru pelaku uji coba, dan (6) rubrik penilaian siswa. Teknik analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian berupa tiga model permainan yang layak dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan pada Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA), hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan persentase sebesar 100% dari data hasil kuesioner skala nilai, observasi model permainan, observasi keefektifan permainan, dan observasi guru pelaku uji coba. The development of outdoor games activities model in the learning of sport and health physical education AbstractsThis study aims at producing outdoor activity game models for physical education, sport and health which are proper to be used for physical education, sport and health learning at Senior High School. This educational research and development was carried out following the steps of developing research, consisting of: (1) collecting information, (2) information analysis, (3) developing initial product, (4) expert validation and revision, (5) preliminary field test and revision, (6) main field test and revision, and (7) making the final product. The small field try out is done for the students with the total number of students 66. The big field try out is done for the students with the total number students 132. The data instruments collecting which were used were: (1) interview guide, (2) rating scale, (3) observation guide for games observation, (4) observation guide for games effectiveness, and (5) observation guide for perpetrator teachers, (6) scoring rubric for measuring student’s work. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study in the form of three models of the game are proper and effective to be used in physical education, sport and health at Senior High School, this is proved by percentage result about 100% from score scale questioner data, game model observation, and observation for the offender trial teacher.
Persepsi siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring mata pelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan pada masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Komarudin Komarudin , Prabowo Mardianto
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa positif Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Daring dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan di SMA N 1 Bintan Timur pada Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen angket dan teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan rumus persentase. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 308 dengan menggunakan teknik Proporsional Random Sampling sehingga penentuan jumlah sampel 15% ini berjumlah 47 siswa. Validitas sebesar 0,585 dan reliabilitas sebesar 0,816 maka instrumen dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan disimpulkan bahwa Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Daring dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan di SMA N 1 Bintan Timur pada Pandemi covid-19 Tahun 2020 masuk dalam kategori sangat positif persentase 6,38%, kategori positif persentase 21,27%, kategori sedang persentase 42,56%, kategori negatif persentase 23,40%, dan kategori sangat negatif persentase 6,38%. Sehingga dapat dikatakan persepsi siswa SMA N 1 BINTAN Timur kategori sedang. Student's perception of online learning in sports and health education study in the Covid-19 pandemic AbstractsThe research aims to find out how positive it is The Perception of Students on Online Learning in The Subject of Sports and Health Education at SMA N 1 Bintan Timur on Covid-19 Pandemic 2020. The type of research is a quantitative descriptive study with a survey method. A questionnaire instrument is used as a data collection technique and descriptive statistic with a percentage formula is used as a data analysis technique in this study. The number of population in this study is 308 using Proportional Random Sampling technique so that the determination of the number of 15% sample is 47 students. The instrument in this research considered as reliable one since the validity is 0.585 and the reliability is 0.816. According to the result of the whole research, we can conclude that The Perception of Students on Online Learning in the Subject of Sports and Health Education at SMA N 1 Bintan Timur on Covid-19 Pandemic 2020 have few categories which vary from the very positive category with 6.38%, the positive category with 21.27%, the average category 42.56%, the negative category 23.40%, and the very negative category 6.38%. Hence, the conclusion of the perception of at SMA N 1 Bintan Timur is in the average category.
CANGGU: PELABUHAN SUNGAI MASA MAJAPAHIT ABAD XIV – XVI
Authors: Sanjoyo Mawardi Purbo
Published: March 2022

Keberhasilan Majapahit menjadi kerajaan besar tidak lepas dari proses pemanfaatan kondisi alam. Secara geografis, Majapahit yang terletak di pedalaman memungkinkannya menjadi kerajaan agraris dengan limpahan hasil alam sebagai komoditi utamanya. Disamping itu, lambat laun Majapahit juga mampu menjadi kerajaan maritim yang kuat dengan mengoptimalkan fungsi sungai sebagai jalur perdagangan dari pedalaman menuju hilir (pesisir). Majapahit membuat pelabuhan-pelabuhan dagang di sepanjang aliran sungai untuk memaksimalkan kegiatan dagang. Salah satu pelabuhan sungai yang penting pada masa Majapahit adalah Pelabuhan Canggu. Letak pelabuhan Canggu di masa Majapahit, pada masa kini dapat diidentikkan dengan Desa Canggu di Kecamatan Jetis Mojokerto. Pelabuhan ini tidak berdiri sendiri, ada beberapa pelabuhan penopang lain, di antaranya Pelabuhan Bubat yang sekarang dapat diidentikkan dengan Desa Tempuran, Kecamatan Sooko Mojokerto, dan Pelabuhan Terung yang terletak di Dusun Terung Kecamatan Krian, Sidoarjo. Sementara itu, Pelabuhan Canggu mempunyai fungsi yang beragam diantaranya sebagai pangkalan militer, pelabuhan dagang, bahkan pelabuhan bea cukai. Berdasarkan fungsinya sebagai pelabuhan sungai, Canggu mampu menjadi salah satu penopang kemakmuran Majapahit. Kata Kunci: Pelabuhan, Sungai, Majapahit
GERAKAN KEPANDUAN DI MANGKUNEGARAN 1916-1942: AKHIR PERSAINGAN JAVAANSCHE PADVINDERS ORGANISATIE (JPO) DENGAN KRIDA MUDA
Authors: Windiarti Weda
Published: March 2022

Javaansche Padvinders Organisatie (JPO) merupakan organisasi kepanduan pertama milik pribumi di Indonesia yang didirikan oleh Mangkunegara VII pada tahun 1916 di Solo. Mangkunegaran juga memiliki organisasi kepanduan Krida Muda yang berdiri pada tahun 1934. Kedua organisasi tersebut menyebarluaskan pengaruhnya ke wilayah Mangkunegaran hingga dibubarkan pada awal masa pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia tahun 1942. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui munculnya kepanduan di Indonesia, mengetahui perbedaan antara JPO dan Krida Muda, dan persaingan antar kedua organisasi serta penyelesaiannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah kritis. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa berdirinya Krida Muda pada tahun 1934 memicu persaingan antar JPO dan Krida Muda. Kedua organisasi tersebut berebut wilayah untuk menyebarkan pengaruhnya di wilayah Mangkunegaran. Meskipun masalah tersebut sudah teratasi, demi mencegah konflik diantara keduanya Mangkunegara VII membentuk Hooge Raad dan Mangkunagaransche Jeugd Organisatie Commissie (MNJOC) untuk mengatur dan mengawasi JPO dan Krida Muda. Pada tahun 1939, MNJOC digantikan oleh Centraalbestuur-Mangkunagaransche Jeugd Organisatie (CB-MNJO).Kata Kunci: Gerakan, Kepanduan, Mangkunegaran.
KINI DAN DULU: BERAS DALAM PERKEMBANGAN POLITIK EKONOMI DAN REFLEKSI HISTORIOGRAFI INDONESIA
Authors: Refiyanto Refi
Published: March 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengingatkan kembali terhadap pandemi Flu Spanyol, yang terjadi sekitar seabad yang lalu. Sebagaimana pandemi Covid-19 dengan pandemi Flu Spanyol, nyata sekali permasalahan beras juga terjadi seabad yang lalu. Pola yang hampir mirip terlihat pada kebijakan impor yang dilakukan akibat persediaan yang mencukupi menjadi dasar kebijakan tersebut diambil. Keadaan masa lalu diperparah dengan Perang Dunia I yang menyebabkan pemutusan impor beras ke Hindia Belanda. Kekurangan beras berarti merujuk pada kesejahteraan penduduk yang buruk. Akibatnya kebijakan kesejahteraan masa lalu difokuskan untuk memperbaiki pertanian padi. Ide tersebut ternyata sudah ada sejak awal abad-19. Ide kesejahteraan ini pada akhirnya selalu mengalami perkembangan hingga pasca kemerdekaan. Perkembangan ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti: proses interaksi pemerintah dan penduduk bumi putra, teknologi, dan perkembangan ekonomi uang. Pasca kemerdekaan sektor ekonomi tidak lagi tertuju pada sektor pertanian melainkan manufaktur off farm dan permasalahan beras menjadi isu yang sedang hangat serta cukup pelik.Kata Kunci: Kini, Dulu, Beras, Politik, Ekonomi, Historiografi Indonesia
Exploration of the differences in positive-negative psychological factors influencing the life satisfaction and depression of college students by gender and family economic level
Authors:   College of General Education, Namseoul University, Cheonan, South Korea, Jun Soo-Koung , Jung In-Suk ,   Department of Chinese Studies, Namseoul University, Cheonan, South Korea
Published: March 2022

This study identifies the factors affecting life satisfaction and depression of Korean college students and analyzes the differences between gender and family economic level in positive (self-esteem, ego-resilience, self-identity, life satisfaction) and negative emotions (attention deficit, aggression, depression, social withdrawal). The data from the 7th year of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) conducted by the Korea Youth Policy Research Institute (KCYPS) with a total of 2,351 university students were used, and finally, 1220 subjects were selected. The statistical analysis methods of T-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were utilized with SPSS 23. The male students had significantly higher positivity than female students except for attention deficit. Those who said that they had a higher family economic background had significantly higher positive emotions and lower negative emotions except social withdrawal. Aggression had the greatest influence on depression, and the higher the satisfaction of life and self-esteem, the lower the depression. In terms of life satisfaction, self-esteem and self-resilience were identified as positive factors and depression as a negative factor. In other words, to increase the life satisfaction of college students, an intervention program to increase self-esteem and lower depression will be needed.
Opłaty za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi w Warszawie w 2022 r. Powierzchnia użytkowa
Authors: Wieczorek Anna , Siekierski Maciej
Published: March 2022

Artykuł jest kolejnym z cyklu artykułów dotyczących gospodarki odpadami i trzecim odnoszącym się do opłat za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi, które ponoszą mieszkańcy Warszawy. Od 2020 r. te opłaty zmieniły się po raz trzeci. Każda zmiana jest de facto ich podwyżką oraz dyskryminuje jakąś dużą grupę naszego społeczeństwa. Nieudana próba Rady Miasta Stołecznego Warszawy uzależnienia opłat od powierzchni użytkowej lokali mieszkalnych skłoniła autorów artykułu do przyjrzenia się tej metodzie. Należy podkreślić, że ustalanie opłat za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi zależne od powierzchni użytkowej sankcjonuje ustawa o utrzymaniu czystości i porządku w gminach. Analiza definicji pojęcia powierzchnia użytkowa wykazała, jak wyjątkowo kontrowersyjna jest to metoda. Autorzy artykułu utwierdzili się w przekonaniu, że zaproponowali racjonalny sposób naliczania opłat za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi, w swoich dwóch publikacjach pt. Zmiany w systemie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi – aspekty prawne i ekonomiczne na przykładzie m.st. Warszawy oraz Opłaty za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi w Warszawie. Autorzy artykułu sugerują, że należy wprowadzić jedną, ustalaną ustawą, stałą opłatę od każdego człowieka deklarującego miejsce zamieszkania na terenie Polski. Opłata nie byłaby zależna od ilości zużytej wody, powierzchni użytkowej lokalu mieszkalnego ani od tego, czy dana osoba mieszka w budynku jednorodzinnym, czy wielolokalowym. Słowa kluczowe: odpady komunalne, powierzchnia użytkowa
A Case of Zoonotic Leprosy in West Virginia
Authors: Juskowich, MD Joy J. , Hall, MD William L. , Kiavash, MD, AP/CP Katrin , Sarwari, MD, MSc, MBA Arif R. , LaSala, MD Non-Author Contributor: P. Rocco
Published: March 2022

Leprosy, caused by the acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium leprae, is a chronic infectious disease that primarily affects skin and peripheral nerves. While it is now considered a rare disorder, nine-banded armadillos recently emerged as a source of zoonotic leprosy in the southern United States (US). We present a patient with zoonotic leprosy diagnosed in West Virginia (WV). An immunocompetent 64-year-old woman, living in WV since late childhood, presented with a one-year history of progressively worsening maculopapular rash and peripheral neuropathy. Skin biopsies from her upper back on two separate occasions revealed well-formed, non-caseating epithelioid granulomas and scarce acid-fast bacilli. The patient had traveled to her son's farmhouse in rural Texas multiple times over the past three years and disclosed seeing several armadillos around the yard. She was diagnosed with tuberculoid leprosy and responded well to dapsone and rifampin. Leprosy is an underrecognized and underdiagnosed disease. Within the last decade, two armadillo- related strains of Mycobacterium leprae have been identified. Awareness of zoonotic leprosy is important for prompt diagnosis and treatment to minimize disability.
Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Gynecological Tract: A Case Report of High-Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Endometrium
Authors: Graham, MPH Sydney , Bias, APRN Lindsay , Nahar, MD Niru , Bou Zgheib, MD Nadim
Published: March 2022

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gynecological tract are rare and aggressive tumors with no standardized management protocol. This group can be classified based on location of origin, morphologic features, and prognosis. In addition, NETs of the endometrium can co-occur with non-NET endometrial carcinoma. Our case concerns a 71-year-old female who was diagnosed with high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in conjunction with endometroid carcinoma with focal sarcomatoid features. We provide a succinct review of the literature in order to emphasize the development, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of NET of the endometrium.
CoGNIT Automated Tablet Computer Cognitive Testing in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Feasibility Study
Authors: Behrens Anders , Berglund Johan Sanmartin , Anderberg Peter
Published: March 2022

Background

Early diagnosis of cognitive disorders is becoming increasingly important. Limited resources for specialist assessment and an increasing demographical challenge warrants the need for efficient methods of evaluation. In response, CoGNIT, a tablet app for automatic, standardized, and efficient assessment of cognitive function, was developed. Included tests span the cognitive domains regarded as important for assessment in a general memory clinic (memory, language, psychomotor speed, executive function, attention, visuospatial ability, manual dexterity, and symptoms of depression).

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of automatic cognitive testing with CoGNIT in older patients with symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

Patients older than 55 years with symptoms of MCI (n=36) were recruited at the research clinic at the Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, Sweden. A research nurse administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the CoGNIT app on a tablet computer. Technical and testing issues were documented.

Results

The test battery was completed by all 36 patients. One test, the four-finger–tapping test, was performed incorrectly by 42% of the patients. Issues regarding clarity of instructions were found in 2 tests (block design test and the one finger-tapping test). Minor software bugs were identified.

Conclusions

The overall feasibility of automatic cognitive testing with the CoGNIT app in patients with symptoms of MCI was good. The study highlighted tests that did not function optimally. The four-finger–tapping test will be discarded, and minor improvements to the software will be added before further studies and deployment in the clinic.
Searching for HIV and AIDS Health Information in South Africa, 2004-2019: Analysis of Google and Wikipedia Search Trends
Authors: Okunoye Babatunde , Ning Shaoyang , Jemielniak Dariusz
Published: March 2022

Background

AIDS, caused by HIV, is a leading cause of mortality in Africa. HIV/AIDS is among the greatest public health challenges confronting health authorities, with South Africa having the greatest prevalence of the disease in the world. There is little research into how Africans meet their health information needs on HIV/AIDS online, and this research gap impacts programming and educational responses to the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

Objective

This paper reports on how, in general, interest in the search terms “HIV” and “AIDS” mirrors the increase in people living with HIV and the decline in AIDS cases in South Africa.

Methods

Data on search trends for HIV and AIDS for South Africa were found using the search terms “HIV” and “AIDS” (categories: health, web search) on Google Trends. This was compared with data on estimated adults and children living with HIV, and AIDS-related deaths in South Africa, from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, and also with search interest in the topics “HIV” and “AIDS” on Wikipedia Afrikaans, the most developed local language Wikipedia service in South Africa. Nonparametric statistical tests were conducted to support the trends and associations identified in the data.

Results

Google Trends shows a statistically significant decline (P<.001) in search interest for AIDS relative to HIV in South Africa. This trend mirrors progress on the ground in South Africa and is significantly associated (P<.001) with a decline in AIDS-related deaths and people living longer with HIV. This trend was also replicated on Wikipedia Afrikaans, where there was a greater interest in HIV than AIDS.

Conclusions

This statistically significant (P<.001) association between interest in the search terms “HIV” and “AIDS” in South Africa (2004-2019) and the number of people living with HIV and AIDS in the country (2004-2019) might be an indicator that multilateral efforts at combating HIV/AIDS—particularly through awareness raising and behavioral interventions in South Africa—are bearing fruit, and this is not only evident on the ground, but is also reflected in the online information seeking on the HIV/AIDS pandemic. We acknowledge the limitation that in studying the association between Google search interests on HIV/AIDS and cases/deaths, causal relationships should not be drawn due to the limitations of the data.
Message Frame–Tailoring in Digital Health Communication: Intervention Redesign and Usability Testing
Authors: van Strien-Knippenberg Inge S , Altendorf Maria B , Hoving Ciska , van Weert Julia C M , Smit Eline S
Published: March 2022

Background

Message frame–tailoring based on the need for autonomy is a promising strategy to improve the effectiveness of digital health communication interventions. An example of a digital health communication intervention is Personal Advice in Stopping smoking (PAS), a web-based content-tailored smoking cessation program. PAS was effective in improving cessation success rates, but its effect sizes were small and disappeared after 6 months. Therefore, investigating whether message frame–tailoring based on the individual’s need for autonomy might improve effect rates is worthwhile. However, to our knowledge, this has not been studied previously.

Objective

To investigate whether adding message frame–tailoring based on the need for autonomy increases the effectiveness of content-tailored interventions, the PAS program was redesigned to incorporate message frame–tailoring also. This paper described the process of redesigning the PAS program to include message frame–tailoring, providing smokers with autonomy-supportive or controlling message frames—depending on their individual need for autonomy. Therefore, we aimed to extend framing theory, tailoring theory, and self-determination theory.

Methods

Extension of the framing theory, tailoring theory, and self-determination theory by redesigning the PAS program to include message frame–tailoring was conducted in close collaboration with scientific and nonscientific smoking cessation experts (n=10), smokers (n=816), and communication science students (n=19). Various methods were used to redesign the PAS program to include message frame–tailoring with optimal usability: usability testing, think-aloud methodology, heuristic evaluations, and a web-based experiment.

Results

The most autonomy-supportive and controlling message frames were identified, the cutoff point for the need for autonomy to distinguish between people with high and those with low need for autonomy was determined, and the usability was optimized.

Conclusions

This resulted in a redesigned digital health communication intervention that included message frame–tailoring and had optimal usability. A detailed description of the redesigning process of the PAS program is provided.

Trial Registration

Netherlands Trial Register NL6512 (NRT6700); https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6512
Reimagining Connected Care in the Era of Digital Medicine
Authors: Mann Devin M , Lawrence Katharine
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of remote patient monitoring technology, which offers exciting opportunities for expanded connected care at a distance. However, while the mode of clinicians’ interactions with patients and their health data has transformed, the larger framework of how we deliver care is still driven by a model of episodic care that does not facilitate this new frontier. Fully realizing a transformation to a system of continuous connected care augmented by remote monitoring technology will require a shift in clinicians’ and health systems’ approach to care delivery technology and its associated data volume and complexity. In this article, we present a solution that organizes and optimizes the interaction of automated technologies with human oversight, allowing for the maximal use of data-rich tools while preserving the pieces of medical care considered uniquely human. We review implications of this “augmented continuous connected care” model of remote patient monitoring for clinical practice and offer human-centered design-informed next steps to encourage innovation around these important issues.