bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skeptical Theism and the Problem of Moral Skepticism
Authors: DePoe John M. ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: February 2023

One objection to skeptical theism is that it implies radical moral skepticism. Humans cannot make any moral judgments on this view because of their ignorance of the inaccessible divine knowledge that is called upon to explain the existence of apparently gratuitous evil. In answering this objection, I propose two important moves for skeptical theists. First, skeptical theists should be positive skeptical theists (the existence of God positively implies the appearance of gratuitous evil), rather than negative skeptical theists (the appearance of gratuitous evil is probabilistically inscrutable given theism). Second, the skeptical theist can affirm a model of divine transcendence whereby the unknown divine moral knowledge is continuous with human moral knowledge. These two moves, I contend, assist in saving skeptical theism from accusations of radical moral skepticism.
On Dante in Relation to Schelling’s Philosophical Development
Authors: Rogers Chandler D. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2023

Between Schelling’s Über Dante in philosophischer Beziehung (1803) and the Dantean drafts of die Weltalter (1811-1815) stand the transitional texts of his middle period, the Philosophie und Religion (1804) and Freiheitsschrift (1809). His short essay on Dante contrasts an ancient conception of the closed cosmos with the modern universe as dynamic and expanding, then claims to extract from the Divine Comedy its eternal, threefold form. This article considers these schemata as they relate to the Philosophie und Religion and the Freiheitsschrift, disclosing an enduring Dantean influence which first predicts, then persists throughout this stage of Schelling’s philosophical development.
Amalan Pengiktirafan Hasil Oleh Institusi Wakaf, Zakat, Dan Baitulmal Di Malaysia
Authors: Md Salleh Mohd Fairuz , Basnan Norida , Ahmad Azlina , Harun Azizah , Wahid Hairunnizam , Abdul Wahab Ainol Basirah
Published: February 2023

This article presents a critical review of revenue recognition practices among the institutions administering waqf, zakah and baitulmal (WZB) in Malaysia. Through a content analysis of financial statements and focus group discussions with the accountants and management of the five WZB institutions, the findings show that different revenue recognition practices have been employed, particularly in recognizing revenues of waqf for specific purpose and in recognizing ‘faraid’ properties or portion of estates of a deceased person that belong to baitulmal. Furthermore, the review of practices of the sample institutions reveals different pointof recognition of ‘luqatah’ as revenue and diverse measurement basis were used in revenues recognition. The findings provide understanding on the current practices of recognition of the various types of revenues administered by the institutions of WZB. The findings can also be used as inputs in developing Islamic accounting standards that will harmonize the accounting and reporting practices among WZB institutions. Keywords: waqf, zakah, baitulmal, revenue recognition, Islamic accounting
Functional Expense Reporting Practice Among Non-Profit Organisations (NPOs)
Authors: Abu Bakar Noor Raudhiah , Tajuddin Teh Suhaila , Abdul Karim Norlia
Published: February 2023

The objectives of the study are to understand the practice of Functional Expense Reporting (FER) and to identify the factors influencing the practice of Functional Expense Reporting (FER) by non-profit organisations (NPOs) in Malaysia. The study on NPOs is critical because non-profit financial reporting also has the potential for accounting fraud and scandal as there is a lack of accounting standards. Many NPOs cannot provide the right information about their relative effectiveness in fulfilling their mission. As a result, donors, funders, and charity watchdog organisations have placed undue reliance on financial indicators, many of which according based on reported functional expenses. The presentation regarding the expenses based on a “functional” classification reflects the expenses according to the purpose of the expenses incurred. A functional expense presentation helps readers of financial statements (including donors, foundations, regulators, and financial institutions) in understanding how a NPOs spends its resources. This study is using the qualitative research approach to meet the objectives. The data collections are using in-depth interviews and reviews on organisational documents. Face to face and semi-structured interviews conducted between the preparers/founders/employees of financial reporting of four (4) NPOs, the controllers which consist of three (3) officers from Bahagian Hal Ehwal Undang-Undang (BHEUU), Jabatan Perdana Menteri (JPM) and one (1) auditor. The document reviews include the financial reporting of NPOs that also been analysed to identify whether the functional expenses have presented. From qualitative research, the study had identified three main factors that are influencing the practice of functional expense reporting. The factors are accountability, policy requirement, and trust. Specifically, this paper only focuses on NPOs, which registered under BHEUU. The findings of this study are expected to state the current practices of functional expense reporting by NPOs in Malaysia. The presentation of expenses as both natural and functional is meaningful to users and is encouraged for all organisations in promoting accountability among NPOs. Keywords: Functional Expense Reporting (FER), non-profit organisations (NPOs), accountability, policy requirement, trust
Nutrition Education and Strengthening Healthy Living Characters of Junior High School Students at Malang City
Authors: Nugroho Fajar Ari , Kusumastuty Inggita , Cempaka Anggun Rindang , Handayani Dian
Published: February 2023

Adolescence is a period of rapid growth that a healthy lifestyle must support. School as an environment where teenagers spend most of their time has a School Health Unit (UKS), an essential part of health services at school. UKS can be used as a health education for adolescents at school. However, in reality, UKS needs to be actively used and involved. This community service healthily provided interactive education and achieved optimal growth for students through using lectures, focus group discussion, roleplay, and student projects. At the end of the activity, it was reported that there was a significant improvement in students' knowledge. This activity has also involved the role of parents and schools with UKS as part of the sustainability guarantor of healthy lifestyles for students. The provision of diverse education strategies can effectively influence students' health knowledge.
Învățarea regulilor de asociere în mineritul datelor
Authors:   Multimedia SRL, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: February 2023

Învățarea regulilor de asociere este o metodă de învățare automată bazată pe reguli pentru a descoperi relații interesante între variabilele din bazele de date mari. Este destinată să identifice reguli puternice descoperite în bazele de date folosind unele măsuri de interes. Pe baza conceptului de reguli puternice, s-au introdus reguli de asociere pentru descoperirea regularităților dintre produse în datele tranzacțiilor la scară largă înregistrate de sistemele de puncte de vânzare din supermarketuri. Astfel de informații pot fi folosite ca bază pentru deciziile cu privire la activitățile de marketing, cum ar fi, de exemplu, prețurile promoționale sau plasările de produse. În plus față de exemplul de mai sus din analiza coșului de piață, regulile de asociere sunt folosite astăzi în multe domenii, inclusiv mineritul web, detectarea intruziunilor, producția continuă și bioinformatica.
Exploring the impact of Social Media Platforms on Instigating Tourist’s Emotions and Behavioral Intentions to Co-Create and Visit Tourist Spots- Bangladesh Perspective
Authors:   Pabna University of Science and Technology, Hossain Md. Kamal , Mollik Md. Soleman ,   Bangladesh University of Professionals
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The study aims to investigate how social media platforms (SMPs) affect the tourist community to evoke emotions and behavioral intention to create tourism value and visit well-known tourist spots in Bangladesh. Methodology: Using 5 points Likert Scale, the survey data of 550 respondents have been collected and analyzed finally and 84 responses have been discarded due to being incomplete in nature. SPSS 23.0 version has been adopted to analyze the variables. Findings: The results show that SMPs significantly affect the emotions of tourists in terms of joy, love, positive surprise, and subsequently drive the behavioral intention of co-creation and visit the preferable tourist spots. In some prior studies, the effect of joy was revealed as insignificant in this regard. However, in this study, the effect of joy is a very significant one to instigate the tourist’s emotions and behavior. Practical Implications: The contribution of this study is mainly two-fold. Firstly, from the theoretical perspective, it has been found that SMPs and destination brand preferences have an insightful relationship. Secondly, the authorities in charge of the destination can concentrate on setting up efficient social media platforms to generate more insightful information about destination brands, leading to the development of feelings and intentions to co-create and visit the spots. Originality: This study has been conducted as our own and not copied from any source. This would add new knowledge to the tourism sectors of Bangladesh focusing on SMPs. Limitations: This study focuses mostly on the people using SMPs to co-create and visit the destinations. The results may not be alike for the people who don’t use SMPs for tourism purposes. The bigger sample size could generate more specific results in this regard. Future research can be conducted focusing on other emotional variables like anxiety, boredom, and well-being.
Worker Satisfaction in Health, Hygiene and Safety Measures Undertaken by the Readymade Garments Industry of Bangladesh: A Case Study on Gazipur
Authors:   University of Dhaka, Khanom Khadija , Islam Md. Tariqul ,   Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Hasan Abdulla Al-Towfiq ,   Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Sumon Shah Mahmud ,   Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bhuiyan Mohammad Rakibul Islam ,   Begum Rokeya University
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to explore the effects of health, hygiene and safety measures on worker satisfaction in readymade garments sector in Gazipur district of Bangladesh. Methodology: Based on review of literatures and collection of 260 usable responses the study is conducted by partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method using Smart PLS 3.0. Findings: The findings of the study have revealed that health and hygiene measures significantly influence workers’ satisfaction towards readymade garments sector in Bangladesh. However, the study results show that safety measures insignificantly influence the workers" satisfaction towards garment Sector in Bangladesh. Practical implications: The study might be useful for garment industry operators in formulating strategies of improving health and Hygiene measures, and safety measures to improve workers' satisfaction in garment sector in Bangladesh. Originality: The study has uniquely presented a case comprising the factors helping devising a strategy for industry professionals through measuring the integrated effects of health, hygiene and safety measures on workers’ satisfaction of readymade garment sector in Bangladesh.
Pontuais Alterações na Estrutura do SPB para Implantar o SPI/Pix e e Seus Benefícios para a População
Authors: Neves Rubia Carneiro , Costa Daniel Rodrigues , Lambertucci Felipe de Almeida , Filho José Marcelo de Castro Lima
Published: February 2023

A partir de revisão bibliográfica e análise das alterações regulatórias para instituir o Sistema de Pagamentos Instantâneo (SPI) e o Pix, concluiu-se que o tempo adicional após o fechamento do Sistema de Transferência de Reservas (STR) para transferir moedas de contas abertas perante o BACEN à Conta de Pagamento Instantâneo (Conta PI), o diretório central que cadastra chaves escolhidas pelos usuários do Pix e a possibilidade de cobertura de saldo negativo da Conta PI por investidores privados se constituem em novos instrumentos no âmbito do Sistema Financeiro Nacional (SFN). No entanto, as mudanças processadas, em sua maioria, são aperfeiçoamentos de mecanismos usualmente conhecidos do Sistema de Pagamentos Brasileiro (SPB), como a Conta PI, evolução da Conta Reservas Bancárias, de Liquidação e Correspondente à Moeda Eletrônica. Transferências de recursos financeiros e pagamentos liquidados quando são comandados, se houver saldo disponível, são ferramentas amplamente usadas no STR. O empréstimo concedido pelo BACEN às instituições financeiras por redesconto de títulos públicos federais e a permissão para uso do compulsório até certo horário, são usuais aparatos de provimento de liquidez do SFN. Impactos mais significativos do SPI e do Pix ocorrem em outras dimensões, ao viabilizarem que credores recebam recursos financeiros a qualquer hora do dia, durante todo o ano, diretamente em sua conta bancária ou de pagamento, no momento do comando da ordem de crédito e que agentes antes não autorizados, possam atuar como participantes indiretos do SPI, criando condições para ampliar o acesso e a competitividade no mercado financeiro brasileiro.
Open Banking: a implementação do sistema financeiro aberto no Brasil na perspectiva do consumidor
Authors: Chiari Paravela Tatyana , Oliveira Domingues Juliana
Published: February 2023

Com a digitalização da economia, observa-se uma mudança importante no mercado financeiro, isto é, a implementação do Open Banking. O sistema financeiro aberto, além de proporcionar que a regulação acompanhe a maior utilização pelos consumidores de tecnologias, torna-se uma ferramenta de grande importância para permitir a competitividade no setor, que maximiza o bem-estar do consumidor brasileiro, observando-se diversos benefícios com sua implementação. Contudo, o sistema financeiro aberto também realça preocupações com o compartilhamento de dados pessoais sobre os serviços bancários. Por meio de raciocínio dedutivo pautado em revisão bibliográfica, esse artigo tem o objetivo analisar o Open Banking de forma multidisciplinar, enfatizando a proteção de dados pessoais dos consumidores, bem como a necessária interação entre os órgãos competentes sobre os assuntos.
Una justificación para comprender la naturaleza y estructura del conocimiento en enfermería
Authors: Altamira Camacho Ramiro
Published: February 2023

La enfermería profesional ha progresado significativamente desde hace poco más de ciento cincuenta años. Pasó de ser una vocación basada en habilidades a una disciplina profesional. En la enfermería se han formado profesionales talentosos, científicos, emprendedores y grandes líderes. A pesar de su contribución cada vez más reconocida a los servicios de salud, la enfermería continúa justificando su lugar único entre otras profesiones de atención sanitaria [Fragmento de texto].
Factores estresores, Inteligencia Emocional y Engagement en los estudiantes de enfermería durante sus prácticas clínicas
Authors: Bernedo-García Mª Cristina , Quiroga-Sánchez Enedina , Liébana-Presa Cristina , Márquez-Álvarez Liliana , Arias-Ramos Natalia , Fernández-Martínez Elena
Published: February 2023

Objetivo principal: Analizar la percepción de estrés, inteligencia emocional y engagement en los estudiantes de grado en Enfermería del Campus de Ponferrada durante el desarrollo de sus prácticas clínicas. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional de corte transversal. La muestra fue de 73 estudiantes. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios: KEZKAK, TMMS-24 y UWES-S y datos sociodemográficos. Resultados principales: El 78,1% de los alumnos presentaron estrés siendo las mujeres las que alcanzaron puntuaciones más elevadas. Los estudiantes procedentes de fuera de Ponferrada percibieron mayores tasas de estrés. La puntuación media de la Inteligencia Emocional fue de 78.92±15.11. Las dimensiones de la Inteligencia Emocional correlacionan positivamente con las dimensiones del engagement. Conclusión principal: Los estudiantes de Grado en Enfermería perciben estrés durante el desarrollo de las prácticas clínicas, sin embargo, presentan una adecuada Inteligencia Emocional y niveles altos de engagement.
Dializar un corazón: El papel de la diálisis peritoneal en la calidad de vida del paciente cardiorrenal
Authors: Fernández Díaz Reyes
Published: February 2023

Objetivo principal: Relatar la experiencia personal del informante con su enfermedad cardiaca y las implicaciones derivadas de la diálisis peritoneal en su calidad de vida, identificando las expectativas con el futuro. Metodología: Mediante un relato biográfico se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada donde se recopiló información que fue sometida a un análisis de contenido. Resultados principales: El relato mostró seis categorías temáticas: antecedentes, viaje sin retorno, fractura: un antes y un después, la cara amarga de la enfermedad, una terapia transformadora y, reflexiones y futuro. Conclusiones: La diálisis peritoneal se presentó como una vivencia esperanzadora que permitió al informante recuperar la calidad de vida perdida conduciendo a un mejor estado funcional del corazón y a un menor número de ingresos hospitalarios.
Coordinación del cuidado: un análisis desde la perspectiva del enfermero de atención primaria
Authors: Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo , Celuppi Ianka Cristina , Metelski Fernanda Karla , Vendruscolo Carine , Costa Veridiana Tavares , Meirelles Betina Hörner Schlindwein
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: analizar la coordinación del cuidado en los servicios de Atención Primaria de la Salud de la red de atención de la salud desde la perspectiva de los enfermeros de los equipos de Salud de la Familia. Metodología: estudio transversal, desarrollado en 97 municipios del estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Se aplicó un cuestionario tipo survey a enfermeros entre mayo y agosto de 2019. Los datos se analizaron mediante cálculos paramétricos y cuantificación de frecuencia absoluta y relativa. Resultados principales: los flujos definidos para la derivación de los usuarios a los servicios estaban relacionados con el uso de manuales (p = 0,041), protocolos operativos estándar (p = 0,001) y telesalud (p = 0,036), como apoyo para la toma de decisiones de los enfermeros. Se destacó el uso de tecnologías de gestión, como mapas de territorio y sistemas de información. Conclusión principal: Para la coordinación de los cuidados respecto al flujo definido, los enfermeros utilizan manuales, protocolos estandarizados de actuación y Telesalud para la toma de decisiones. Los cuidados compartidos y los proyectos terapéuticos únicos también son prácticas adoptadas por los enfermeros. Es necesario avanzar en el uso efectivo de los registros en la historia clínica, y en el conocimiento del perfil de los usuarios, además de los motivos de búsqueda del servicio de salud.
Fortalezas y debilidades sobre la incorporación de salud intercultural en la formación de enfermería
Authors: Cofré-González Carmen Gloria , Alvarez-Cruces Debbie Jeinnisse
Published: February 2023

Objetivo principal: Analizar las fortalezas y debilidades identificadas por profesionales de enfermería sobre la incorporación de salud intercultural en la formación. Metodología: Investigación cualitativa con enfoque fenomenológico. Diseño: estudio de caso intrínseco. Participaron en total 28 profesionales de enfermería de la región del Maule, Chile que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados principales: Las fortalezas identificadas fueron concordancia con la realidad país, integridad profesional y competencia intercultural en salud, esto permitiría proporcionar atención a cualquier persona que lo necesite. La debilidad principal radica en que la formación en cuidado intercultural está implícita en el itinerario formativo. Conclusión principal: El currículo de Enfermería posee elementos que le permitirían gestionar el cuidado de manera integral y holística; no obstante, las temáticas interculturales se aprecian implícitas o ausentes en la formación. Esto evidencia la necesidad de flexibilizar y transversalizar los contenidos, donde los académicos propicien metodologías de enseñanza dinámicas y los profesionales clínicos fomenten encuentros interculturales de manera reflexiva.
Uso de Herramientas Digitales Educativas en alumnos de 4º ESO: efectos de la enseñanza online
Authors: Juan Rubio Antonio Daniel , García Conesa Isabel María
Published: February 2023

La pandemia obligó a la sociedad a adaptarse a una nueva realidad. Y el sector educativo fue uno de los que más tuvo que modificar su organización con el fin de poder garantizar una educación de calidad sin poner en riesgo la salud de nadie. Una de las medidas que hubo que implementar en el pasado curso académico fue la puesta en marcha de la educación semipresencial en los centros de educación secundaria. El objetivo no era otro que el de intentar bajar la ratio de las aulas con el fin de poder garantizar una distancia mínima de seguridad. Así pues, los centros tuvieron que dividir las clases en dos subgrupos. Mientras unos asistían físicamente al centro, otros seguían las clases de forma telemática desde casa. Lo que analizaremos es el uso de diferentes herramientas digitales puestas a disposición de la comunidad educativa con el fin de dar respuesta a esa situación.
A importância da pesquisa científica no processo de formação superior
Authors: Fontes Lívio Adriano Xavier , Poleto Simone Sicora
Published: February 2023

Este artigo tem como principal objeto de estudo a análise da pesquisa como um princípio da educação indispensável no processo de formação no ensino superior, enfocando que a pesquisa não é por si só um ato isolado, mas um processo dinâmico, crítico e criativo, que alia prática à teoria para a explicação de um dado científico. Serão abordados também os aspectos técnicos e metodológicos da elaboração de pesquisas científicas. Essa análise será feita através de uma revisão de literatura, pela leitura de artigos científicos e livros que abordam essa temática, culminando em uma discussão interpretativa desses textos, visando o fortalecimento da ideia de que a pesquisa científica é hoje prática indissociável do processo de formação no ensino superior.
EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION OF FC RADNIČKI NIŠ ON THE SOCIAL NETWORK INSTAGRAM
Authors: Tasić Tamara , Đokić Aleksandar
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to examine what kind of approach the Football Club Radnički Niš has in communication on social networks, specifically on the Instagram social network. A sample of a total of 169 posts of this club on that network, which was published over six months in 2022 – from January 2 to July 2, was used for the research. Also, the analysis included comments on the club's announcements and how many answers there were to questions directly posed to the club. The study starts from the hypothesis that the FC Radnički Niš does not have an interactive approach on Instagram. This is also shown by the results of the research because the team managing the profile of this club in the covered period only answered directly asked questions in 6.2 percent of cases and thus took into account external communication through comments.
Experimental analysis of condensation-pump dilution refrigerators
Authors: Zu Hong-Ye , Cheng Wei-Jun , Wang Ya-Nan , Wang Xiao-Tao , Li Ke , Dai Wei ,   Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Engineering, Technical Institute of Physical and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: February 2023

Subkelvin refrigeration is necessary for many frontier research fields such as condensed-matter physics, astronomical observation, and quantum computing. Dilution refrigeration utilizes the entropy increase of 3He atoms when they flow from the concentrated phase to dilute phase to provide cooling, and has the advantages of continuous operation, large cooling power and no electromagnetic interference. It is the most widely used method among subkelvin refrigeration at present. For research scenarios requiring small cooling powers, the condensation-pump dilution refrigerator utilizes a condensation pump to achieve cold cycle of 3He, with no need of complex ambient pump systems or gas circuits, and has become a new research topic because of its compact structure, convenient operation and low cost.

A condensation-pump dilution refrigerator is built and investigated in this work. The refrigerator consists of a mixing chamber, a continuous tube-in-tube heat exchanger, a still, and a condensation pump, and it is precooled by a GM-type pulse tube cryocooler below 4 K and an adsorption refrigerator below 400 mK. The 3He evaporates from the still, condenses in the condensation pump and provides cooling in the mixing chamber after being precooled in the heat exchanger.

By means of the multi-temperature measuring system, the cold cycle of the dilution refrigerator can be summarized as three stages: precooling by the adsorption refrigerator, cycle start-up, and continuous dilution cooling. The operating characteristics of the system are analyzed. The experiments showed that the lowest no-load temperature reached 108 mK when the condenser temperature was 378 mK. Meanwhile, the temperature oscillation appeared, and the possible reasons are analyzed. In the future, the system performance will be improved by 1) adjusting the spiral mode and position of the continuous tube-in-tube heat exchanger and 2) increasing the heat transfer area between the cold plate and the fluid in the mixing chamber to reduce the fluid-solid temperature difference.

The refrigerator introduced in this work can easily expand many existing cryogenic platforms working at higher temperatures, and effectively support developments of high-end equipment.
A method of estimating depth of moving sound source in shallow sea based on incoherently matched beam-wavenumber
Authors: Zhou Yu-Yuan , Sun Chao , Xie Lei , Liu Zong-Wei ,   School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustic and Sensing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Qingdao Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Qingdao 266200, China,   First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
Published: February 2023

Estimating the depth of a moving source with unknown source range is always a challenging problem in shallow water waveguides. The method of estimating the current motion source depth is sensitive to the unknown initial range and requires the horizontal synthetic aperture length formed by the motion of the source to be much longer than the modal interference period. Presented in this work is a method to estimate the depth of moving source based on the incoherently matched beam-wavenumber. In the beam-wavenumber domain, each peak amplitude only contains the modal excitation related to source depth, and each peak position corresponds to the mode propagation angle and the horizontal wavenumber. In this method, the received data are first used to perform beam-formed transformation in the vertical depth and horizontal synthetic aperture direction, and transformed into the beam-wavenumber domain. Then beam-wavenumber peak amplitudes are extracted and incoherently matched with the modal depth function to estimate the source depth. The proposed method is used to eliminate the unknown distance dependent term and improves the mode resolution by performing mode separation in the beam-wavenumber two-dimensional domain. The prominent feature of this method lies in realizing the source depth estimation at the unknown initial range and the horizontal synthetic aperture length which is smaller than the mode interference period. The simulation and SWellEx-96 experimental data processing results validate the superior performance of the proposed method.
Splitting ore from X-ray image based on improved robust concave-point algorithm
Authors: Wang Lanhao , Hu Hongdong , Li Zhaopeng , Dai Wei
Published: February 2023

Image segmentation is a key part of ore separation process based on X-ray images, and its segmentation result directly affects the accuracy of ore classification. In the field of ore production, the conventional segmentation method is difficult to meet the requirements of real-time, robustness and accuracy during ore segmentation process. In order to solve the above problems, this article proposes an ore segmentation method dealing with pseudo-dual-energy X-ray image which is composed of contour extraction module, concave point detection module and concave point matching module. In the contour extraction module, the image is firstly cut into two parts with high and low energy, then the adaptive threshold is used to obtain the ore binary image. After filtering and morphological operation, the image contour is obtained from the binary image. Concave point detection module uses vector to detect concave points on contour. As the main contribution of this article, the concave point matching module can remove the influence of boundary interference concave points by drawing the auxiliary line and judging the relative position of auxiliary line and ore contour. With the matching concave points connected, the whole ore segmentation is completed. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, a comparative experiment was conducted between the proposed method and conventional segmentation method using X-ray images of antimony ore as data samples. The result of industrial experiment shows that the proposed intelligent segmentation method can remove the interference of pseudo concave points on the contour, achieve accuracy segmentation result, and satisfy the requirements of processing X-ray image of ore.
Association between coronary artery disease and incident cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Chen Hsin-Hao , Lo Yi-Chi , Pan Wei-Sheng , Liu Shu-Jung , Yeh Tzu-Lin , Liu Lawrence Yu-Min
Published: February 2023

Objective

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and cancer are the two leading causes of death worldwide. Evidence suggests the existence of shared mechanisms for these two diseases. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigateassociation between CAD and incident cancer risk.

Methods

We searched Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase from inception until October 20, 2021, without language restrictions. Observational cohort studies were used to investigate the association between CAD and incident cancer risk. Using random-effects models, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. We utilized subgroup and sensitivity analyses to determine the potential sources of heterogeneity and explore the association between CAD and specific cancers. This study was conducted under a pre-established, registered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42022302507).

Results

We initially examined 8,533 articles, and included 14 cohort studies in our review, 11 of which were eligible for meta-analysis. Patients with CAD had significantly higher odds of cancer risk than those without CAD (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = [1.08–1.22], I2 = 66%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the incident cancer risk was significantly higher in both sexes and patients with CAD with or without myocardial infarction. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the risk remained higher in patients with CAD even after >1 year of follow-up (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = [1.08–1.39], I2 = 76%). Regarding the specific outcome, the incident risk for colorectal and lung cancers was significantly higher (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = [1.03–1.10], I2 = 10%, and OR = 1.36, 95% CI = [1.15–1.60], I2 = 90%, respectively) and that for breast cancer was lower (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = [0.77–0.97], I2 = 57%) in patients with CAD than in those without CAD.

Conclusion

CAD may be associated with incident cancer risk, particularly for lung and colorectal cancers, in men and women as well as patients with or without myocardial infarction. Early detection of new-onset cancer and detailed cancer surveillance programs should be implemented in patients with CAD to reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality.
Logística reversa no setor farmacêutico: análise dos desafios para os pequenos negócios
Authors: Da Silva Letícia Amorim , Santos Jaqueline Guimarães , Pinto Fabíola Maria Silva Costa
Published: February 2023

A logística reversa tem ganhado importância ao longo dos anos, e, a partir da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PNRS (Lei nº 12.305/2010), têm sido requeridos dos diferentes setores empresariais uma efetiva participação no gerenciamento e fluxo reverso dos resíduos pós-consumo. Especialmente no setor farmacêutico, a logística reversa tem o papel de direcionar corretamente os medicamentos após a sua vida útil ou o consumo descontinuado, caso contrário, oferece riscos ambientais e à saúde pública. Nesse contexto, o problema que delineia o estudo é: como pequenos negócios farmacêuticos realizam os canais reversos de medicamentos? Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar como quatro microempresas farmacêuticas, localizadas no Agreste pernambucano, realizam a gestão da logística reversa dos medicamentos vencidos ou em desuso. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, em que participaram gestores de quatro microempresas farmacêuticas, além de uma engenheira ambiental de uma empresa pertencente a cadeia de suprimentos farmacêutica. No tocante as técnicas de coleta de dados, foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação não participante, com registros em diário de campo. A intepretação e análise dos dados, por sua vez, foram ancoradas na análise de conteúdo. Como principais resultados, foi possível verificar que três, dos quatros estabelecimentos estudados, realizam parcialmente a logística reversa, de modo que ainda há pouca efetividade sobre o potencial que o fluxo reverso pode gerar de impacto positivo para o negócio e para a sociedade. Desse modo, evidenciamos a importância de treinamentos aos profissionais dos estabelecimentos farmacêuticos e que as empresas reconheçam seu papel como principal mediadora para o ciclo reverso de medicamentos.
Social power and externalities: spillover effects of positive power externalities
Authors: Sandi Danielle , Dos Reis Silvia Araújo
Published: February 2023

Leadership to the challenges of the century will demand joint actions of society. However, policymakers and social actors should take in mind the extent to which their actions generate power externalities. Positive power externalities generated by an environmental policy emphasize a way to demonstrate the potential spillover beneficial effects of the multiple social actions and public policies. The beneficial spillover effects are related to social and private benefits about a new way of consumption or production. The positive spillover impact predicts that institutional power interventions targeting public policies with this objective can promote non-targeted and long-run pro-environmental behaviors.
Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort
Authors: Alves Flávia Jôse O. , Ramos Dandara , Paixão Enny S. , Falcão Ila R. , de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva Rita , Fiaccone Rosemeire , Rasella Davide , Teixeira Camila , Machado Daiane Borges , Rocha Aline , de Almeida Marcia F. , Goes Emanuelle F. , Rodrigues Laura C. , Ichihara Maria Yury , Aquino Estela M. L. , Barreto Maurício L.
Published: February 2023

Importance

Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been consistently associated with improvements to the determinants of maternal health, but there have been insufficient investigations regarding their effects on maternal mortality.

Objective

To evaluate the association between being a Bolsa Família program (BFP) beneficiary and maternal mortality and to examine how this association differs by duration of BFP receipt, maternal race, living in rural or urban areas, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and municipal primary health care coverage.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional analysis was nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort. Girls and women aged 10 to 49 years (hereinafter referred to as women) who had at least 1 live birth were included, using data from Brazilian national health databases linked to the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort (January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2015). Propensity score kernel weighting was applied to control for sociodemographic and economic confounders in the association between BFP receipt and maternal mortality, overall and stratified by different subgroups (race, urban or rural area, and MHDI), and duration of BFP receipt. Data were analyzed from July 12, 2019, to December 31, 2022.

Main Outcome(s) and Measures

Maternal death.

Results

A total of 6 677 273 women aged 10 to 49 years were included in the analysis, 4056 of whom had died from pregnancy-related causes. The risk of maternal death was 18% lower in women who received BFP (weighted odds ratio [OR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.93]). A longer duration receiving BFP was associated with an increased reduction in maternal mortality (OR for 1-4 years, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75-0.97]; OR for 5-8 years, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.60-0.82]; OR for ≥9 years, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.53-0.88]). Receiving BFP was also associated with substantial increases in the number of prenatal appointments and interbirth intervals. The reduction was more pronounced in the most vulnerable groups.

Conclusions and Relevance

This cross-sectional analysis nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort found an association between BFP receipt and maternal mortality. This association was of greater magnitude in women with longer exposure to BFP and in the most vulnerable groups. These findings reinforce evidence that programs such as BFP, which have already proven effective in poverty reduction, have great potential to improve maternal survival.
Establishment of a risk score model for bladder urothelial carcinoma based on energy metabolism‐related genes and their relationships with immune infiltration
Authors: Huang Caihong , Li Yexin , Ling Qiang , Wei Chunmeng , Fang Bo , Mao Xingning , Yang Rirong , Zhang LuLu , Huang Shengzhu , Cheng Jiwen , Liao Naikai , Wang Fubo , Mo Linjian , Mo Zengnan , Li Longman
Published: February 2023

Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is a common malignant tumor of the human urinary system, and a large proportion of BLCA patients have a poor prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find more efficient and sensitive biomarkers for the prognosis of BLCA patients in clinical practice. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) data and clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and 584 energy metabolism‐related genes (EMRGs) were obtained from the Reactome pathway database. Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis were applied to assess prognostic genes and build a risk score model. The estimate and cibersort algorithms were used to explore the immune microenvironment, immune infiltration, and checkpoints in BLCA patients. Furthermore, we used the Human Protein Atlas database and our single‐cell RNA‐seq datasets of BLCA patients to verify the expression of 13 EMRGs at the protein and single‐cell levels. We constructed a risk score model; the area under the curve of the model at 5 years was 0.792. The risk score was significantly correlated with the immune markers M0 macrophages, M2 macrophages, CD8 T cells, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells, and dendritic activating cells. Furthermore, eight immune checkpoint genes were significantly upregulated in the high‐risk group. The risk score model can accurately predict the prognosis of BLCA patients and has clinical application value. In addition, according to the differences in immune infiltration and checkpoints, BLCA patients with the most significant benefit can be selected for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Recent Advances on High‐Speed and Holographic Two‐Photon Direct Laser Writing
Authors: Balena Antonio , Bianco Marco , Pisanello Ferruccio , De Vittorio Massimo
Published: February 2023

Two‐Photon Lithography, thanks to its very high sub‐diffraction resolution, has become the lithographic technique par excellence in applications requiring small feature sizes and complex 3D pattering. Despite this, the fabrication times required for extended structures remain much longer than those of other competing techniques (UV mask lithography, nanoimprinting, etc.). Its low throughput prevents its wide adoption in industrial applications. To increase it, over the years different solutions have been proposed, although their usage is difficult to generalize and may be limited depending on the specific application. A promising strategy to further increase the throughput of Two‐Photon Lithography, opening a concrete window for its adoption in industry, lies in its combination with holography approaches: in this way it is possible to generate dozens of foci from a single laser beam, thus parallelizing the fabrication of periodic structures, or to engineer the intensity distribution on the writing plane in a complex way, obtaining 3D microstructures with a single exposure. Here, the fundamental concepts behind high‐speed Two‐Photon Lithography and its combination with holography are discussed, and the literary production of recent years that exploits such techniques is reviewed, and contextualized according to the topic covered.
Molecular Evolution of Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor‐type Conjugated Oligomer Nanoparticles for Efficient Photothermal Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: Yuan Huanxiang , Li Zelin , Zhao Qi , Jia Shaochuan , Wang Ting , Xu Li , Yuan Haitao , Li Shengliang
Published: February 2023

Infectious diseases (such as wound infections) caused by pathogenic microorganisms can lead to serious consequences and even threaten life. The emergence of drug‐resistant bacteria has severely prevented the validity of traditional antibiotics. Therefore, developing novel antimicrobial strategies without drug‐resistant holds great promise for maximizing efficacy and minimizing the risk of drug‐resistance of resistant bacterial infections. Herein, near‐infrared (NIR)‐absorbing A–D–A type conjugated oligomers with a tunable backbone are designed and synthesized for regulating their photothermal conversion. After being assembled into nanoparticles, the conjugated oligomer CP‐F8P nanoparticles (NPs) containing a strong electron‐donating component show the strongest photothermal conversion efficiency of 81.6%. The low concentration of CP‐F8P NPs receive over 99% of antimicrobial efficiency against Ampr E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans upon NIR irradiation, and the phototherapy treatment of CP‐F8P NPs can effectively promote wound healing in diabetic mice with good biocompatibility. This work provides ideas for the design of efficient NIR‐activated antimicrobial reagents against drug‐resistant microbial infections.
Controllable Oxidation of ZrS2 to Prepare High‐κ, Single‐Crystal m‐ZrO2 for 2D Electronics
Authors: Jin Yuanyuan , Sun Jian , Zhang Ling , Yang Junqiang , Wu Yangwu , You Bingying , Liu Xiao , Leng Kai , Liu Song
Published: February 2023

High‐κ materials that exhibit large permittivity and band gaps are needed as gate dielectrics to enhance capacitance and prevent leakage current in downsized technology nodes. Among these, monoclinic ZrO2 (m‐ZrO2) shows good potential because of its inertness and high‐κ with respect to SiO2, but a method to produce ultrathin single crystal is lacking. Here, the controllable preparation of ultrathin m‐ZrO2 single crystals via the in situ thermal oxidation of ZrS2 is achieved. As‐grown m‐ZrO2 presents an equivalent oxide thickness of ≈0.29 nm, a high dielectric constant of ≈19, and a breakdown voltage (EBD) of ≈7.22 MV cm−1. MoS2 field effect transistor (FET) by using m‐ZrO2 as a dielectric layer shows comparable mobility to that using SiO2 dielectric. The ultraclean interface of m‐ZrO2/MoS2 and high crystalline quality of m‐ZrO2 lead to negligible hysteresis in transfer curves. Single crystal m‐ZrO2 dielectric shows potential application in digital complementary metal oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) logic FET.
Extremely Strong and Tough Biodegradable Poly(urethane) Elastomers with Unprecedented Crack Tolerance via Hierarchical Hydrogen‐Bonding Interactions
Authors: Guo Rui , Zhang Qiang , Wu Youshen , Chen Hongbing , Liu Yanghe , Wang Jingjing , Duan Xianglong , Chen Quan , Ge Zhishen , Zhang Yanfeng
Published: February 2023

The elastomers with the combination of high strength and high toughness have always been intensively pursued due to their diverse applications. Biomedical applications frequently require elastomers with biodegradability and biocompatibility properties. It remains a great challenge to prepare the biodegradable elastomers with extremely robust mechanical properties for in vivo use. In this report, we present a polyurethane elastomer with unprecedented mechanical properties for the in vivo application as hernia patches, which was obtained by the solvent‐free reaction of polycaprolactone (PCL) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with N,N‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)oxamide (BHO) as the chain extender. Abundant and hierarchical hydrogen‐bonding interactions inside the elastomers hinder the crystallization of PCL segments and facilitate the formation of uniformly distributed hard phase microdomains, which miraculously realize the extremely high strength and toughness with the fracture strength of 92.2 MPa and true stress of 1.9 GPa, while maintaining the elongation‐at‐break of ≈1900% and ultrahigh toughness of 480.2 MJ m−3 with the unprecedented fracture energy of 322.2 kJ m−2. Hernia patches made from the elastomer via 3D printing technology exhibit outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The robust and biodegradable elastomers demonstrate considerable potentials for in vivo applications.
Enhancing Multistep Reactions: Biomimetic Design of Substrate Channeling Using P22 Virus‐Like Particles
Authors: Wang Yang , Selivanovitch Ekaterina , Douglas Trevor
Published: February 2023

Many biocatalytic processes inside cells employ substrate channeling to control the diffusion of intermediates for improved efficiency of enzymatic cascade reactions. This inspirational mechanism offers a strategy for increasing efficiency of multistep biocatalysis, especially where the intermediates are expensive cofactors that require continuous regeneration. However, it is challenging to achieve substrate channeling artificially in vitro due to fast diffusion of small molecules. By mimicking some naturally occurring metabolons, nanoreactors are developed using P22 virus‐like particles (VLPs), which enhance the efficiency of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)‐dependent multistep biocatalysis by substrate channeling. In this design, NAD‐dependent enzyme partners are coencapsulated inside the VLPs, while the cofactor is covalently tethered to the capsid interior through swing arms. The crowded environment inside the VLPs induces colocalization of the enzymes and the immobilized NAD, which shuttles between the enzymes for in situ regeneration without diffusing into the bulk solution. The modularity of the nanoreactors allows to tune their composition and consequently their overall activity, and also remodel them for different reactions by altering enzyme partners. Given the plasticity and versatility, P22 VLPs possess great potential for developing functional materials capable of multistep biotransformations with advantageous properties, including enhanced efficiency and economical usage of enzyme cofactors.