bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Process Parameters on Performance Measures in CNC Turning Using One Factor at a Time Approach for SS304
Authors: Mohamed M. Fakkir , Praveen Kumar B. , Madhavan P.L. , Pradeep M.
Published: October 2016

This work extent with the improvement of machining parameters in turning of SS304 austenitic stainless-steel in Computer Numerical Control (CNC) shaping machine by victimization of coated inorganic compound tools. Throughout the experiment, process parameters like Speed, Feed and Depth of Cut are used to inquire their general intent on the Surface Roughness (Ra) and Material Removal Rate (MRR) as the quality targets. 9 experimental runs supported by one factor at a Time Approach as Design of Experiment and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method is applied to see associate degree for optimum CNC turning parameter setting. An optimal parameter combination of the turning method is obtained by victimization of Grey Relational Analysis. By dissecting the Grey Relational Grade matrix, the degree of influence for every controllable process factor onto individual quality targets is found for the higher performance characteristics.
3D Scanning Techniques Complements Predictive Engineering for Mold Flow Analysis
Authors: Darshan G. , Vijayasimha S.K. , Sivakumar Ramasami
Published: October 2016

This study is an attempt to close the loop between simulation and reality. Many industries are of the opinion that a simulation does not really predict the actual process and is only a colorful plot for presentation. An accurate simulation can save cost by a multitude of ways like material savings, process optimization, cycle time reduction, improved quality of parts and so on. A validation of the simulation in a real time scenario will instil necessary confidence in the accuracy of the simulation study thereby closing the loop between simulation and reality In the present study, the mold flow analysis is conducted for the back plate of LED emergency light with the help of Autodesk moldflow simulation software to generate the gate location, feed system building, cooling channel wizard, fill time and to check warpage and then the result is verified by superimposing the scan data of the physical part which is scanned in Steinbichler Blue Light 3D Scanner and CAD model in Geomagic verify.
New Method for Synthesis of Hard Coatings Using Pulsed Bombardment with High-Energy Gas Atoms
Authors: Seitkulov Abdumalik Rakhimovich , Grigoriev Sergey Nikolaevich , Metel Alexander Sergeevich , Volosova Marina Aleksandrovna , Melnik Yury Andreevich
Published: October 2016

For deposition of hard coatings is used a source of metal atoms accompanied by high-energy gas atoms. The metal atoms are produced due to sputtering a flat rectangular target in low pressure magnetron discharge. The gas atoms with energy up to 30 keV are produced due to charge exchange collisions of accelerated ions in space charge sheaths near the surfaces of a grid parallel to the target. The ions are extracted from the discharge plasma and accelerated by high-voltage pulses applied to the grid. The metal atoms pass through the grid and deposit on the products. Conjunction of their trajectories with those of gas atoms bombarding the growing coating allows synthesis of the coatings on rotating dielectric products. Mixing by high-energy gas atoms of the coating atoms and atoms of the product material in its surface layer improves the coating adhesion.
Features of Vibro-Acoustic Monitoring EDM of Conductive Ceramics
Authors: Grigoriev Sergey Nikolaevich , Kozochkin Mikhail Pavlovich , Porvatov Artur Nikolaevich , Solis Pinargote Nestor Washington
Published: October 2016

The results of vibration signals control the processing of conductive ceramics EDM machines. It has been shown that the processing of ceramics has a number of features, which was successfully controlled with the help of additional monitoring of high-frequency vibrations.
Dielectric Properties of New Cd1-3xDy2x[]xMoO4 Molybdates (where 0 < x ≤ 0.2)
Authors: Urbanowicz Piotr , Piątkowska Magdalena , Pawlikowska Marta , Tomaszewicz Elzbieta , Duda Henryk , Groń Tadeusz
Published: October 2016

New scheelite type Cd1-3xDy2x[]xMoO4solid solution, where 0.0098 ≤ x ≤ 0.2 and [] denotes the cationic vacancies, was investigated by using UV-vis-NIR and dielectric spectroscopies at room temperature and in the temperature range 77-400 K, respectively. These studies showed the optical band gap energy Eg above 3.4 eV and relative low dielectric permittivity: εr ~ 6.0, 9.5, 7.0 and 8.2 for the x parameter 0.0098, 0.0839, 0.1667 and 0.2000, respectively. εr slightly decreases with increasing frequency and slightly increases at higher temperatures. All samples showed the maximum permittivity in the temperature range of 250-350 K. The loss tangent exhibited similar behaviour and its maximum value did not exceed 0.25. These results are discussed in a context of the shallow trap levels and the Maxwell-Wagner model.
Inelastic Neutron Scattering Investigations of an Anisotropic Hybridization Gap in the Kondo Insulators: CeT2Al10 (T=Fe, Ru and Os)
Authors: Adroja Devashibhai T. , Muro Y. , Takabatake Toshiro , Le M.D. , Walker H.C. , McEwen K.A. , Boothroyd Andrew T.
Published: October 2016

The recent discovery of topological Kondo insulating behaviour in strongly correlated electron systems has generated considerable interest in Kondo insulators both experimentally and theoretically. The Kondo semiconductors CeT2Al10 (T=Fe, Ru and Os) possessing a c-f hybridization gap have received considerable attention recently because of the unexpected high magnetic ordering temperature of CeRu2Al10 (TN=27 K) and CeOs2Al10 (TN=28.5 K) and the Kondo insulating behaviour observed in the valence fluctuating compound CeFe2Al10 with a paramagnetic ground state down to 50 mK. We are investigating this family of compounds, both in polycrystalline and single crystal form, using inelastic neutron scattering to understand the role of anisotropic c-f hybridization on the spin gap formation as well as on their magnetic properties. We have observed a clear sign of a spin gap in all three compounds from our polycrystalline study as well as the existence of a spin gap above the magnetic ordering temperature in T=Ru and Os. Our inelastic neutron scattering studies on single crystals of CeRu2Al10 and CeOs2Al10 revealed dispersive gapped spin wave excitations below TN. Analysis of the spin wave spectrum reveals the presence of strong anisotropic exchange, along the c-axis (or z-axis) stronger than in the ab-plane. These anisotropic exchange interactions force the magnetic moment to align along the c-axis, competing with the single ion crystal field anisotropy, which prefers moments along the a-axis. In the paramagnetic state (below 50 K) of the Kondo insulator CeFe2Al10, we have also observed dispersive gapped magnetic excitations which transform into quasi-elastic scattering on heating to 100 K. We will discuss the origin of the anisotropic hybridization gap in CeFe2Al10 based on theoretical models of heavy-fermion semiconductors.
Magnetic Properties of Spinel Cobaltite A Co2O4 (A=Zn and Li)
Authors: Murai Ryota , Maeda Minoru , Takase Kouichi , Takano Yoshiki , Watanabe Tadataka
Published: October 2016

We synthesized polycrystals of cobaltite spinels LiCo2O4, ZnCo2O4, and their mixed crystal (Li1-xZnx)Co2O4, and performed the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements. LiCo2O4 with the Weiss temperature ΘW ~ -114 K exhibits an antiferromagnetic transition at TN ~ 30 K. On the other hand, ZnCo2O4 with the Weiss temperature ΘW ~ -90 K exhibits the absence of magnetic phase transition down to low temperature (2 K), indicating the presence of strong frustration. Taking into account the absence of magnetic phase transition in the orbital-degenerate ZnCo2O4, it is suggested that the antiferromagnetic transition in the charge-orbital-degenerate LiCo2O4 is driven by the charge degree of freedom. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of (Li1-xZnx)Co2O4 suggest that the antiferromagnetic transition in LiCo2O4 is sensitively suppressed by diluting the charge degeneracy.
Negative Magnetization in NdFexGa1-xO3 Studied by XMCD
Authors: Bartolomé Fernando , Badía-Romano Laura , Parra-Borderías María , Rubín Javier , Wilhelm Fabrice , Rogalev Andrei , Bartolomé Juan
Published: October 2016

Negative Magnetization (NM) in NdFe0.8Ga0.2O3 is reported, both by magnetization, ac-susceptibility and x-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism measurements. The mechanism of NM in NdFe0.8Ga0.2O3 is the blocking of the weak-ferromagnetic domain walls and the polarization of the paramagnetic Nd sublattice by that of Fe at low temperatures.
Structural Electronic and Optical Properties of MgO, CaO and SrO Binary Compounds: Comparison Study
Authors: Labidi Salima , Zeroual Jazia , Labidi Malika , Klaa Kalthoum , Bensalem Rachid
Published: October 2016

First-principles calculations for electronic and optical properties under pressure effect of MgO, SrO and CaO compounds in the cubic structure, using a full relativistic version of the full-potential augmented plane-wave (FP-LAPW) method based on density functional theory, within the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), have been reported. Furthermore, band structure calculations have been investigated by the alternative form of GGA proposed by Engel and Vosko (GGA-EV) and modified by Becke-Johnson exchange correlation potential (MBJ-GGA). All calculated equilibrium lattices, bulk modulus and band gap at zero pressure are find in good agreement with the available reported data. The pressure dependence of band gap and the static optical dielectric constant are also investigated in this work.
Transition Metal Based Magneto Caloric Materials for Energy Efficient Heat Pumps
Authors: Brück Ekkes , Yibole Hargen , Nguyen Van Thang , Miao Xue Fei , Boeije Maurits , van Dijk Niels
Published: October 2016

Magnetic refrigeration near room temperature is considered as an environmentally benign alternative for the current compressor-based cooling technology. Two materials that are based on ferromagnetic transition metal compounds are considered as the most promising candidates to be used in real world applications. Here we discuss the main features of these materials.
Magnetocaloric Properties of MnBi Compound as a Function of Grain Size
Authors: Curcio Carmen , Olivetti Elena S. , Martino Luca , Küpferling Michaela , Basso Vittorio
Published: October 2016

MnBi is a magnetic material with many peculiar properties, interesting for different applications such as rare-earth-free permanent magnets and magnetic refrigeration. In this work the entropy change and the transformation kinetics of the magneto-structural transition are investigated, for two sets of samples with different grain size (“as-annealed” and “compacted pwd”). Both sets show a logarithm dependence on the temperature scan rate of the transition temperature upon cooling. This suggests that thermal activation effects are present. The estimated activation volume v0 of the magneto-structural transition corresponds to around 120 atoms.
A Potential in Thermoelectric Oxide Phononic Crystal
Authors: Satoh Norifusa
Published: October 2016

The high performance thermoelectric materials consist of heavy atoms due to their low thermal conductivity. However, the atomic properties have limited the thermoelectric power. The paper suggests that oxide may change the situation with a phononic crystal structure to inhibit heat transport.
A Series of [Ln(NO3)3(4’-(4-Bromophenyl)-2,2’:6’,2’’-Terpyridine)] Lanthanide Derivatives
Authors: Gallardo Piedraescrita , Abas Elisa , Buceta Alicia , Merchán Francisco , Luquin Asunción , Haque Saif A. , Laguna Mariano
Published: October 2016

Lanthanide complexes [Ln (NO3)3(4’-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine)]; being Ln all the non radiative lanthanide elements (1 – 14), have been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, MALDI-MS and the X-ray structures of the La, Nd, Sm, Eu and Dy complexes, showing a linear comparison of the average M-O and M-N distances with the ionic radius or the number of f electrons of the lanthanides. The luminescence properties of complexes 4 (Nd), 5 (Sm), 6 (Eu), 8 (Tb), 9 (Dy) in the solid state and in the acetonitrile solutions of 5 (Sm) and 6 (Eu) are reported.
Formation of Nanostructured Ni-TaC and Fe-TaC Composite Powders via Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Şelte Aydin , Özkal Burak
Published: October 2016

In this study, mixtures of 25 wt.% of tantalum carbide (TaC) and iron (Fe) or nickel (Ni) powders were mechanical alloyed against time in order to investigate the interactions between the reinforcement (harder TaC particles) and surrounding ductile metallic matrixes (Fe and Ni). After mechanical alloying, apparent densities and particle size and distribution (PSD) of the powders were measured and morphological observations were realized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was applied for phase analysis and with increasing mechanical alloying time certain shifts were observed for the two theta values of the samples. These data used for characterization of strain rates and crystallite sizes by fundamentals parameters approach applied with Lorentzian function and Williamson-Hall plot analysis.
Low-Dimensional Gadolinium Polyselenides: Thermodynamic Modelling, Crystals Growing and Crystal Structure
Authors: Chusova T.P. , Zelenina Liudmila , Podberezskaya Nina
Published: October 2016

By thermodynamic modelling of the Gd—Se—I system, the optimal growth conditions for crystalline GdSe1.85 and GdSe1.80 gadolinium polyselenides, whose existence was proved in our previous works, have been determined. Based on the obtained information, the GdSe1.85 and GdSe1.80 crystals are grown by the vapor transport technique using iodine as the transport agent. The crystals produced are identified by microprobe and powder Xray diffraction analysis. It is shown that in case of GdSe1.85 the crystal structure is typical for rare-earth polychalcogenide structures, but the unit cell represents metrically a previously unknown type.
Magnetic Instabilities in Non-Fermi Liquid Ce3Pd4Si4 Driven by Magnetic Dilution
Authors: Sirak Khan , Robisch Nikolas , Salamakha Leonid , Michor Herwig , Bauer Ernst
Published: October 2016

Materials which are close to a quantum critical point are rather prone to magnetic instabilities; even small modifications of relevant interaction mechanisms can be responsible for a magnetic phase transition to occur at finite temperatures. In this work it is demonstrated that actually a substitution of Ce by non-magnetic La in Ce3Pd4Si4 drives a magnetic instability, with ordering temperatures as high as 10 K. To trace the evolution of magnetism and the onset of long range magnetic order in Ce3-xLaxPd4Si4, various bulk property measurements were carried out.
Evolution of Ce-Valence in Ce-Rh-Si Compounds: Intermediate Valence in CeRh6Si4
Authors: Gruner Thomas , Geibel Christoph
Published: October 2016

We synthesized polycrystalline samples of CeRh6Si4 and investigated its physical properties by means of magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and electrical resistivity measurements as well as LIII X-ray absorption spectroscopy. All results evidence an intermediate-valent (IV) Ce state with a valence close to 3.2 and a characteristic energy of about 300 K. Accordingly, we observe a Fermi liquid ground state at low temperatures with a slightly enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient γ = 28 mJ/molK2. Using presently available data on different compounds, we analyze the evolution of the Ce valence in the Ce-Rh-Si ternary phase diagram. The expected correlation with the distance to nearest Ce-ligands can be discerned. Thus, the evolution from a trivalent Ce3+ state in CeRh3Si2 to an IV state in CeRh6Si4 is related to a shortening of both the Ce-Rh and Ce-Si bonds in the first coordination sphere of Ce.
First Principles Study of the Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of ZrC
Authors: Abdel Rahim Gladys Patricia , Rodríguez Jairo Arbey , Moreno-Armenta M. Guadalupe
Published: October 2016

Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is technologically important in devices that must function at high temperatures, and its ground state is a NaCl like structure. Changes of the structure and electronic properties of ZrC under high pressure were studied within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). This research was performed for several structures, such as NaCl type (B1), CsCl type (B2), ZnS type (B3), wurtzite type (B4) and NiAs type (B8) structures for ZrC, looking for possible phase transitions induced by high pressure, and four phase transitions were found: the first is the well-known phase transition from the B1 structure to the B2 structure, which occurs at around ~291 GPa. Additionally, in the present paper we found other phase transitions: from the B8 structure to the B2 structure, from the B4 structure to the B2 structure, and lastly from the B3 structure to the B2 structure. Electronic bands are exhibited at zero pressure and temperature (with spin-orbit coupling) for the five structures. For the transition from the B1 structure to the B2 structure, bands are exhibited for two pressures, one before and the other after the transition occurs. The band structure shows that all the structures studied are metallic and nonmagnetic, with the exception the B3 structure, which exhibits a semi-metallic and nonmagnetic behaviour.
Effect of Annealing Process on Natural Zeolites from Volcanic Ash for Environmental Applications: Structural and Morphological Characterizations
Authors: Calderón Jorge A. , López Sandra M. , Quiroz Heiddy P. , Dussan Anderson
Published: October 2016

This work presents a study of morphological, structural, and compositional properties of volcanic ash obtained from Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia. The volcanic ash samples were subjected to hydration and annealing processes at atmospheric pressure to obtain zeolite-type natural structures for different applications, like water decontamination and air pollution control. The strong influence of hydration and annealing processes on the formation of zeolite phases was observed. Rietveld refinement was performed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, obtaining the presence of natural zeolites: gismondine, hydrated calcium aluminosilicate, litosite, clinoplitolite-Na, and phillipsite-K. From scanning electron micrographs, a morphological change of the ash sample was observed with increasing annealing temperature (290 K < T < 673 K). The surface was dominated by the presence of agglomerates or granules around 5 µm in size; other regions with tubular form or flake-type structures were observed with less presence on the surface ash, associated with the formation of the labradorite phase.
Crystal Structure of the Ternary Compound Sc6Cu24.1Al11.9
Authors: Klymentiy Nastasia , Semuso Nataliya , Pukas Svitlana , Tokaychuk Yaroslav O. , Akselrud Lev , Gladyshevskii Roman E.
Published: October 2016

The crystal structure of a new ternary aluminide of refined composition Sc6Cu24.1(2)Al11.9(2) was solved by direct methods from X-ray powder diffraction data. It belongs to the cubic space group Im-3, Pearson symbol cI176-8, a = 13.5337(5) Å. The structure of Sc6Cu24.1Al11.9 may be described as a packing of 16-vertex coordination polyhedra of the Sc atoms, which form icosahedral clusters around the origin and the center of the body-centered unit cell. The voids at the centers of the clusters are filled by Cu4 tetrahedra, disordered between two possible orientations. The structure is closely related to the structure types Ru3Be17 and Ce6Au27.6Sn6.8.
Fifty Years of Conferences on Solid Compounds of Transition Elements
Authors: Jeitschko Wolfgang
Published: October 2016

The first conference on what became the SCTE series was organized by André Michel in Paris in 1965. It was intended to deal with the preparation and Propriétés Thermodynamiques, Physiques et Structurales des Dérivés Semi-Métalliques. The results of experimental as well as theoretical investigations were reported by inorganic chemists, physicists, and crystallographers. Originally, the emphasis was on compounds of the transition metals, the rare earth elements, and the actinoids with the main group elements S, Se, Te, N, P, As, Sb, C, Si, Ge, Sn, and boron. Work on oxides and halides was presented only occasionally. Over the years this has changed gradually. Now investigations of oxides comprise some 10 to 20 % of all reports, especially investigations of compounds with small band gaps and interesting physical properties. The emphasis is shifting from fundamental research to investigations with a view on applications.
Effect of Pressure on the Spin Fluctuations and the Helical Ferromagnetism of MnSi
Authors: Povzner Aleksandr A. , Volkov Arkadij G. , Yasyulevich Ivan A.
Published: October 2016

The effect of pressure on the Neel temperature (TN) and on the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of a helicoidal ferromagnetic MnSi was analyzed as part of the LDA+U-model augmented with the account of the relativistic antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. It was shown that the Fermi level is in the area of DOS local minimum. This causes instability of magnetic solutions and the occurrence of higher amplitude zero spin fluctuations simulating the pattern of local magnetic moments. An increase in temperature-dependent spin-fluctuation effects with an increase in pressure leads to a decrease in TN. As a result, at pressures above 14.45 kbar, zero spin fluctuations are retained over the entire temperature range below TN. After disappearance of helicoidal ferromagnetism, a paramagnetic state occurs where the effect of the abrupt suppression of local magnetic moments takes place upon a temperature increase.
Enthalpies of Formation of Equiatomic Binary Hafnium Transition Metal Compounds HfM (M=Co, Ir, Os, Pt, Rh, Ru)
Authors: Krarcha Hadda , Ferroudj A. , Mesadia Salima
Published: October 2016

In order to investigate Hafnium transition metal alloys HfM (M= Co, Ir, Os,Pt, Rh, Ru) phase diagrams in the region of 50/50% atomic ratio, we performed ab initio Full-Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Waves calculations of the enthalpies of formation of HfM compounds at B2 (CsCl) structure type. The obtained enthalpies of formation are discussed and compared to some of the existing models and available experimental data.
Novel Ternary Stannides and Plumbides of Rare-Earth Metals and Titanium with ZrFe6Ge4-Type Structures
Authors: Senchuk Oleksandr Yu. , Tokaychuk Yaroslav O. , Demchenko Pavlo Yu. , Gladyshevskii Roman E.
Published: October 2016

Eleven new ternary compounds RTi6Sn4 (R = La-Nd, Sm) and RTi6Pb4 (R = Y, Gd-Er) were synthesized by arc-melting under purified argon. The crystal structures were refined from Xray powder diffraction data (structure type ZrFe6Ge4, Pearson symbol hR33, space group R-3m (#166)). They can be described as a stacking of layers formed by the coordination polyhedra of the Sn (Pb) atoms along the crystallographic direction [001].
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and Intralayer Interactions in a Single Layer of CoPt Nanoparticles
Authors: Rubín Javier , Figueroa Adriana I. , Stankiewicz Jolanta , Bartolomé Fernando , García Luis Miguel , Cezar Julio C. , Petroff Frédéric , Deranlot Cyrile , Bartolomé Juan
Published: October 2016

The multilayer films [Al2O3/tCo Co/tPt Pt]N, produced by sequential deposition of Co and Pt on alumina consist in layers of CoPt alloyed nanoparticles. They show perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) below a freezing temperature Tf, an asperomagnetic-like phase below that temperature, and hard ferromagnetic ordering below a transition temperature T1 < Tf. A single layer granular film (N = 1) with deposition thicknesses tCo=0.7 nm, tPt=1.5 nm and particle diameter of 3 nm is presently studied. SQUID magnetometry shows that a single layer presents the three phases as well. Para-, aspero-and ferromagnetic phases are observed upon lowering the temperature, with transition temperatures Tf ≈ 375 K and T1 ≈ 200 K, respectively. In addition, the PMA persists, proving that there is no interlayer coupling in the multilayer system. SQUID results also reveal a core-shell structure in the CoPt nanoparticles.
Quaternary Derivatives of the Structure Type BaHg11
Authors: Klymentiy Nastasia , Pukas Svitlana , Gladyshevskii Roman E.
Published: October 2016

One known and nine new quaternary aluminides in the Al-rich region of R–T–Ag–Al (R = Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd, T = V, Nb, Ta, Cr, and Mo) systems were synthesized by arc melting and their crystal structures were studied by X-ray powder diffraction. The crystal structures of the compounds R3T(Ag,Al)20Al12 (R = Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm, T = V, Nb, Ta, Cr, and Mo) and R3TAgx(Ag,Al)20Al12 (R = Y and Gd, T = Ta) belong to new structure types: Ce3Ta (Ag,Al)20Al12 (Pearson symbol сP36, space group Pm-3m, a = 8.6675(2) Å) and Gd3TaAgx(Ag,Al)20Al12 (сP4912.86, Pm-3m, a = 8.6158(5) Å), respectively. Within the rows of isotypic compounds the unit-cell parameter increases with increasing metallic radius of the rare-earth or d-element atom. The structure type Ce3Ta (Ag,Al)20Al12 (Ce3TaAg7.97Al24.03) is a partly ordered quaternary substitution derivative of the structure type BaHg11, whereas Gd3TaAgx(Ag,Al)20Al12 (Gd3TaAg8.89Al23.25) is a distorted fill-in quaternary substitution variant of the same prototype. The latter can also be described as a derivative of the structure type Y3TaNi6+xAl26.
Structural and Microstructural Characterization of CoCrFeNiPd High Entropy Alloys
Authors: Calvo-Dahlborg Monique , Cornide Juan , Dahlborg Ulf , Chambreland Sylvain , Hatton Gareth D. , Fones Andrew
Published: October 2016

According to literature, a High Entropy Alloy (HEA) has close to equimolar composition and forms mostly fcc and/or bcc phases as well as solid solutions, i.e. the elements take random occupations on available lattice sites. In this paper we report studies on HEAs of the CoCrFeNiPd system. All alloys have been found to, contrary to what has been reported earlier in literature, consist of four different phases, three of them of fcc type. The relative amounts of the different phases depend on Pd concentration. The different phases seem to be fully interconnected.
U3Pt12Si4: Structural and Physical Properties of a New Uranium-Platinum-Silicon Ternary Compound
Authors: Brisset Nicolas , Chajewski Grzegorz , Pikul Adam , Tougait Olivier , Pasturel Mathieu
Published: October 2016

A novel ternary compound, namely U3Pt12Si4, which is best described by the crystallographic formula U3Pt12+x-ySi4-x-z (x = 0.15, y = 0.23, z = 0.16), has been discovered in the U-Pt-Si phase diagram. It crystallizes in a hexagonal unit cell (P63/mmc space group) with a = 8.7267(1) Å and c = 9.3385(2) Å. Its structure is an ordered variant of the EuMg5.2 type with partial occupancies of the Si 4e and Pt 2b positions and mixed Si/Pt occupancy of the 6g site. Magnetic properties measurements revealed that the compound is a Curie-Weiss paramagnet with an effective magnetic moment μeff = 3.18 μB. Its low temperature specific heat is moderately enhanced (its Sommerfeld coefficient γ is equal to 79(1) mJ molU-1 K-2) and the electrical resistivity exhibits some characteristic features of dense Kondo lattices.
Origin of the Multiferroic-Like Properties of Er2CoMnO6
Authors: Blasco Javier , Subías Gloria , García Joaquín , Stankiewicz Jolanta , Rodríguez-Velamazán José Alberto , Ritter Clemens , García-Muñoz José Luis
Published: October 2016

We report on the magnetoelectric properties of Er2CoMnO6. This compound adopts the structure of a double perovskite with a strong monoclinic distortion. Our specimen exhibits a nearly perfect Co-Mn order. It undergoes a ferromagnetic transition at TC~70 K due to the Co2+-O-Mn4+ ferromagnetic superexchange interaction. Below 30 K, the Er3+ moments start to order antiferromagnetically to the Co/Mn sublattice. Pyroelectric measurements reveal electrical polarization at low temperature but its strong dependence on the heating rate indicates the lack of a spontaneous ferroelectricity. Instead, electric polarization is derived from thermally stimulated depolarization currents.
Anomalous Thermal Behaviour of Mixed Cobaltites-Ferrites and Cobaltites-Chromites
Authors: Vasylechko Leonid , Pekinchak Olha , Hreb Vasyl , Prots Yurii , Chernyshov Dmitry , Fitch Andy
Published: October 2016

Series of the mixed cobaltites-ferrites RCo1−xFexO3 (x = 0.1–0.9) and cobaltites-chromites RCo0.5Cr0.5O3 (R = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er) with the orthorhombic perovskite structure (space group Pbnm) have been prepared from stoichiometric amounts of rare earth oxides, Co3O4, Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 by solid-state reaction in air at 1473–1573 K. In situ high-temperature X-ray synchrotron powder diffraction revealed anomalous lattice expansion of both series, which is reflected in a sigmoidal dependence of the unit cell dimensions and in abnormal anisotropic increase of the thermal expansion coefficients (TEC). Depending on the composition, several broad maxima in the temperature range of 500−1000 K are observed, which are evidently connected with the transitions of Co3+ cations to the higher spin states. The observed anomalies in the mixed cobaltites-ferrites and cobaltites-chromites are less pronounced compared with the corresponding “pure” cobaltites.
Giant Adrenal Cavernous Hemangioma in a Patient with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Bacha Dhouha , Chaabane Abir , Khanchel Fatma , Néchi Saloua , Touinsi Hassen , Chelbi Emna
Published: October 2016

Adrenal hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular tumor that is often discovered incidentally. It has never been reported in association with familial adenomatous polyposis. We report a case of a 60-year old man with a history of familial adenomatous polyposis, in whom a huge retroperitoneal cyst of 18 × 17 cm was discovered during routine radiologic evaluation. Because of the impossibility of ruling out the presence of malignancy, surgical cystectomy was performed, associated to a scheduled total colectomy. Pathological examination revealed that the cyst corresponded to an adrenal cavernous hemangioma. Colonic adenomas did not show signs of degeneration. Screening for adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation was not carried out. As familial adenomatous polyposis is known to involve a variety of extracolonic manifestations, this finding raises the suspicion of a possible variant of this syndrome including adrenal hemangioma. An extensive study based on a larger patient series with genetic exploration is necessary.
Turriculate gastropods (Coelostylinidae) from the Esino limestone outcrop (Ladinian, Lombardy) of the Stoppani Collection housed at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milan (Italy)
Authors: Pieroni Vittorio
Published: October 2016

Here, I propose a revision of 19 specimens of turriculate gastropod (family Coelostylinidae) from the Esino limestone formation (Ladinian). They form part of the surviving material of the historic Stoppani Collection, which was almost totally destroyed in the Second World War. The collection is kept at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milan, Italy. The specimens have already been described by Garassino (1992) but without a critical revision of their classification. Indeed, based on presumed likenesses with specimens reconstructed in Paléontologie Lombarde (Stoppani, 1858-60), Garassino believed he had rediscovered many of Stoppani’s holotypes. For his classification of the material, Garassino consulted a revision by Kittl (1899) but he did not take into account the much more realistic drawings of the Stoppani’s holotypes that Kittl published therein. A more detailed study, conducted by comparing the shapes and dimensions of the specimens with the drawings and original descriptions, and their reclassification, reveals that none of the specimens are, in actual fact, a holotype or more correctly a specimen described and illustrated by Stoppani, and that some have been assigned the wrong label. Nevertheless, the material and original handwritten labels are confirmed to be from Stoppani’s studies.
Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia
Authors: Shimokochi Yohei , Ambegaonkar Jatin P. , Meyer Eric G.
Published: October 2016

Context:

Ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral force magnitudes and directions have been shown to affect anterior cruciate ligament loading during landing. However, the kinematic and kinetic factors modifying these 2 forces during landing are unknown.

Objective:

To clarify the intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links underlying the alteration of the GRF and tibiofemoral force vectors secondary to changes in the sagittal-plane body position during single-legged landing.

Design:

Crossover study.

Setting:

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Twenty recreationally active participants (age = 23.4 ± 3.6 years, height = 171.0 ± 9.4 cm, mass = 73.3 ± 12.7 kg).

Intervention(s):

Participants performed single-legged landings using 3 landing styles: self-selected landing (SSL), body leaning forward and landing on the toes (LFL), and body upright with flat-footed landing (URL). Three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics were recorded.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Sagittal-plane tibial inclination and knee-flexion angles, GRF magnitude and inclination angles relative to the tibia, and proximal tibial forces at peak tibial axial forces.

Results:

The URL resulted in less time to peak tibial axial forces, smaller knee-flexion angles, and greater magnitude and a more anteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than did the SSL. These changes led to the greatest peak tibial axial and anterior shear forces in the URL among the 3 landing styles. Conversely, the LFL resulted in longer time to peak tibial axial forces, greater knee-flexion angles, and reduced magnitude and a more posteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than the SSL. These changes in LFL resulted in the lowest peak tibial axial and largest posterior shear forces among the 3 landing styles.

Conclusions:

Sagittal-plane intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links strongly affected the magnitude and direction of GRF and tibiofemoral forces during the impact phase of single-legged landing. Therefore, improving sagittal-plane landing mechanics is important in reducing harmful magnitudes and directions of impact forces on the anterior cruciate ligament.
High fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) receptor surface expression predicts poor outcome in FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) negative patients in adult acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Sharawat Surender Kumar , Raina Vinod , Kumar Lalit , Sharma Atul , Bakhshi Radhika , Vishnubhatla Sreenivas , Gupta Ritu , Bakhshi Sameer
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:

Mutations in fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) receptor have significant role in assessing outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Data for FLT3 surface expression in relation to FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) status and outcome are not available from India. The objective of the current study was to investigate adult patients with AML for FLT3 expression and FLT3 ITD mutation, and their association with long-term outcome.

Methods:

Total 51 consecutive de novo AML patients aged 18-60 yr were enrolled in the study. FLT3 ITD was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); flowcytometry and qPCR (Taqman probe chemistry) were used for assessment of FLT3 protein and transcript, respectively. Kaplan Meier curves were obtained for survival analysis followed by log rank test.

Results:

FLT3 ITD was present in eight (16%) patients. Complete remission was achieved in 33 (64.6%) patients. At 57.3 months, event free survival (EFS) was 26.9±6.3 per cent, disease free survival (DFS) 52.0±9.2 per cent, and overall survival event (OS) 34.5±7.4 per cent. FLT3 surface expression was positive (>20%) by flow-cytometry in 38 (88%) of the 51 patients. FLT3 surface expression and transcripts were not associated with FLT3 ITD status. FLT3 expression was significantly associated with inferior EFS (P=0.026) and OS (P=0.018) in those who were negative for FLT3 ITD.

Interpretation & conclusions:

This study evaluated FLT3 ITD mutation along with FLT3 expression in AML patients, and associated with survival. Negative impact of FLT3 surface expression on survival was observed in AML patients who were FLT3 ITD negative.
Association of education & lifestyle factors with the perception of genetic knowledge on the development of lung cancer
Authors: Wang Liang , Wang Kesheng , Liu Xuefeng , He Yi
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:

The perception of genetic knowledge is useful for improving the heath behaviour change against developing cancers. However, no studies have investigated the perception of genetic knowledge on the development of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to examine demographic and lifestyle factors of the perception of genetic knowledge on the development of lung cancer.

Methods:

Data on 2,295 US adults (739 had the perception of genetic knowledge) were taken from the 2003 Health Information National Trends Survey. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate potential factors of the perception of genetic knowledge of lung cancer.

Results:

Participants aged ≥65 yr were more likely to have the perception of genetic knowledge than those aged 18-44 yr (OR=1.77, 95% CI=1.27-2.46). Higher education was associated with a greater perception of genetic knowledge (OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.16-1.87). Subjects with correct smoking attitude were more than three times more likely to have the perception of genetic knowledge (OR=3.15, 95% CI=2.10-4.72). Subjects with exercise were at an increased likelihood of having the perception of genetic knowledge than those without exercise (OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.24-2.13).

Interpretation & conclusions:

Positive associations were observed between education and lifestyle factors and the perception of genetic knowledge on the development of lung cancer among US adults. Strategies developed to improve the perception of genetic knowledge of lung cancer may target on individuals who are young, less educated, and lack correct smoking attitude or exercise.
Preliminary evaluation of indigenous 90Y-labelled microspheres for therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Subramanian Suresh , Pandey Usha , Chaudhari Pradip , Tyagi Monica , Gupta Sanjay , Singh Geetanjali , Dash Ashutosh , Samuel Grace , Venkatesh Meera
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:

Yttrium-90 (90Y)-based radioembolization has been employed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as commercial radioactive glass and polymeric resin microspheres. However, in India and other Asian countries, these preparations must be imported and are expensive, validating the need for development of indigenous alternatives. This work was aimed to develop an economically and logistically favourable indigenous alternative to imported radioembolizing agents for HCC therapy.

Methods:

The preparation of 90Y-labelled Biorex 70 microspheres was optimized and in vitro stability was assessed. Hepatic tumour model was generated in Sprague-Dawley rats by orthotopic implantation of N1S1 rat HCC cell line. In vivo localization and retention of the 90Y-labelled Biorex 70 microspheres was assessed for seven days, and impact on N1S1 tumour growth was studied by histological examination and biochemical assays.

Results:

Under optimal conditions, >95% 90Y-labelling yield of Biorex70 resin microspheres was obtained, and these showed excellent in vitro stability of labelling (>95%) at seven days. In animal studies, 90Y-labelled Biorex 70 microspheres were retained (87.72±1.56% retained in liver at 7 days). Rats administered with 90Y-labelled Biorex 70 microspheres exhibited lower tumour to liver weight ratio, reduced serum alpha-foetoprotein level and greater damage to tumour tissue as compared to controls.

Interpretation & conclusions:

90Y-labelled Biorex 70 microspheres showed stable retention in the liver and therapeutic effect on tumour tissue, indicating the potential for further study towards clinical use.
AlpArray in Austria and Slovakia: technical realization, site description and noise characterization
Authors: Fuchs Florian , Kolínský Petr , Gröschl Gidera , Bokelmann Götz ,   the AlpArray Working Group
Published: October 2016

Abstract. We report the technical realization and performance of thirty temporary seismic broadband deployments for the AlpArray project in eastern Austria and western Slovakia. Reftek 151 60s sensors and Reftek 130/130S digitizers form the core instrumentation of our seismic stations; these are mostly installed inside abandoned or occasionally used basements or cellars in small buildings or huts. We describe our type of installation and briefly introduce the site conditions for each of the thirty installations. We present a probabilistic power spectral density analysis to assess the noise conditions at all sites and potential relations to the installation design.
Application of Fengyun 3-C GNSS occulation sounder for
assessing global ionospheric response to magnetic storm event
Authors: Bai Weihua , Wang Guojun , Sun Yueqiang , Shi Jiankui , Meng Xiangguang , Wang Dongwei , Du Qifei , Wang Xianyi , Xia Junming , Cai Yuerong , Liu Congliang , Li Wei , Wu Chunjun , Zhao Danyang , Wu Di , Liu Cheng
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The rapid advancement of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) occultation technology in recent years has made it one of the most advanced space detection technologies of the 21st century. GNSS radio occultation has many advantages, including all-weather operation, global coverage, high vertical resolution, high precision, long-term stability, and self-calibration. Data products from GNSS occultation sounding can greatly enhance ionospheric observations and contribute to space weather monitoring, forecasting, modeling, and research. In this study, GNSS occultation sounder (GNOS) results from a radio occultation sounding payload aboard the Fengyun 3-C (FY3-C) satellite were compared with ground-based ionosonde observations. Correlation coefficients for peak electron density (NmF2) derived from GNOS Global Position System (GPS) and Beidou navigation system (BDS) products with ionosonde data were higher than 0.9, and standard deviations were less than 20 %. Global ionospheric effects of the strong magnetic storm event in March 2015 were analyzed using GNOS results supported by ionosonde observations. The magnetic storm caused a significant disturbance in NmF2 and hmF2 levels. Suppressed daytime and nighttime NmF2 levels indicated mainly negative storm conditions. In the zone of geomagnetic inclination between 40–80 °, average NmF2 during the geomagnetic storm showed the same basic trends in GNOS measurements, and in observations from 17 ground-based ionosonde stations, and confirmed the negative effect of the event on the ionosphere. The analysis demonstrates the reliability of the GNSS radio occultation sounding instrument GNOS aboard the FY3-C satellite, and confirms the utility of ionosphere products from GNOS for statistical and event-specific ionospheric physical analyses. Future FY3 series satellites, and increasing numbers of Beidou navigation satellites, will provide increasing GNOS occultation data on the ionosphere, which will contribute to ionosphere research and forecasting applications.
Strato-mesospheric carbon monoxide profiles above Kiruna since 2008
Authors: Ryan Niall J. , Palm Mathias , Raffalski Uwe , Larsson Richard , Manney Gloria , Millán Luis , Notholt Justus
Published: October 2016

Abstract. This paper presents the retrieval and validation of a self-consistent timeseries of carbon monoxide (CO) above Kiruna using measurements from the Kiruna Microwave Radiometer (KIMRA). The spectra are inverted using an optimal estimation method to retrieve altitude profiles of CO concentrations in the atmosphere within approximately 48–84 km altitude. Atmospheric temperature data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder aboard the US Air Force meteorological satellite, DMSP-F18, are used in the inversion of KIMRA spectra between January 2011 and May 2014. This dataset is compared with CO data from Microwave Limb Sounder aboard the Aura satellite and shows a high level of agreement at all altitudes: There is a maximum bias for KIMRA of ~ 0.65 ppm at 68 km (corresponding to 14.7 % of the mean CO value at 68 km), and correlations between the instruments are within 0.87 and 0.94. To expand the CO dataset outside of the lifetime of DMSP-F18, another inversion setup was used that incorporates modelled temperatures from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The effect on the retrieved CO profiles when using a different temperature dataset in the inversion was assessed. A comparison of the two overlapping KIMRA CO datasets shows a bias of  0.98 at all altitudes below 82.5 km. The extended dataset shows a higher variation (≤ 6 %) in CO concentrations that is not explained by random error estimates. The extended KIMRA CO timeseries currently spans 2008 to 2015, with gaps corresponding to non-operation and summer periods when CO concentrations below ~ 90 km drop to very low values. The data can be accessed at: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.861730.
Partitioning spatial and temporal rainfall variability in urban
drainage modelling
Authors: Peleg Nadav , Blumensaat Frank , Molnar Peter , Fatichi Simone , Burlando Paolo
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The performance of urban drainage systems is typically examined using hydrological and hydrodynamic models where rainfall is uniformly distributed and derived from a single rain-gauge or spatially distributed and obtained from a weather radar system. When models are fed with a single realization, the response of the urban drainage system to the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall remains unexplored. High resolution stochastic rainfall generators allow studying the response and sensitivity of urban drainage networks to these spatial and temporal rainfall variabilities. The goal in this study was to understand how climate variability and spatial rainfall variability, jointly or individually considered, affect the response of a calibrated hydrodynamic urban drainage model. A stochastic high resolution rainfall generator (STREAP) was used to simulate many realizations of rainfall for a period of 30 years, accounting for both climate variability and spatial rainfall variability. The generated rainfall was then used as input into a calibrated hydrodynamic model (EPA SWMM) to simulate surface runoff and channel flow for a small urban catchment in the city of Lucerne, Switzerland. The variability of peak flows at three different locations in the urban drainage network in response to rainfall of different return periods was evaluated and partitioned among it sources. We found that the main contribution to the total flow variability originates from the natural climate variability (on average over 74 %). In addition, the contribution of spatial rainfall variability to the total flow variability was found to increase with longer return periods. This implies that while the use of spatially distributed rainfall data can supply valuable information for sewer network design (based on rainfall with return periods from 5 to 15 years), there is a more pronounced relevance when conducting flood risk assessments for larger return periods. The results clearly show the importance of using stochastic rainfall generators in urban hydrology studies not only to capture the total variability in the response of the urban drainage systems to heavy rainfall but also to gain transparency regarding the origin of this variability.