bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of Hearing and Hearing Loss to Balance Control
Authors: Vitkovic Jessica , Le Carmen , Lee Su-Ling , Clark Ross A.
Published: June 2016

This study investigated the hypothesis that a hearing ‘map' of our surroundings is used to maintain balance control. We investigated the effects of sound on postural sway using centre of pressure analysis in 50 subjects with normal hearing, 28 with hearing loss and 19 with vestibular dysfunction. The acoustic environments utilized sound cues that were either present or absent. It was found that auditory cues are utilized by subjects with normal hearing to improve postural sway. The ability to utilize sound for postural control is diminished when there is a hearing loss, but this appears to be overcome by the use of a hearing aid. Patients with additional vestibular deficits exploit auditory cues to a greater degree, suggesting that sensory weighting to enhance the use of auditory cues may be applied when there is diminished sensory redundancy.
Concurrent Loss of Heterozygosity and Mosaic Deletion of 12p13.32pter
Authors: Faria Rosana S. , de Oliveira Claudiner P. , da Costa Marcella M. , da S. Rosa Maria T.A. , Córdoba Mara S. , Pic-Taylor Aline , Ferrari Iris , de Oliveira Silviene F. , Mazzeu Juliana F.
Published: June 2016

Deletions in the short arm of chromosome 12 are the rarest subtelomeric imbalances. Less than 20 patients have been reported to date, and their microdeletions were identified either by FISH or array-CGH without SNP data. Here, we report a patient with a 12p13.32pter mosaic deletion detected by chromosome microarray analysis with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the deleted segment in addition to the adjacent distal segment. LOH is indicative of a complex rearrangement, suggestive of mitotic microhomology-mediated break-induced replication.
Tetraploid/Diploid Mosaicism in Cultured Genital Skin Fibroblasts: Is It Causally Related to Penoscrotal Hypospadias?
Authors: Giltay Jacques C. , Klijn Aart J. , de Jong Tom P.V.M. , Kats Peter , van Breugel Marjolijn , Lens Susan , Vromans Martijn , van der Veken Lars T. , Hochstenbach Ron
Published: June 2016

Tetraploid/diploid mosaicism is a rare chromosomal abnormality that is infrequently reported in patients with severe developmental delay, growth retardation, and short life span. Here, we present a 6-year-old patient with severe penoscrotal hypospadias and a coloboma of the left eye but with normal growth, normal psychomotor development, and without dysmorphisms. We considered a local, mosaic sex chromosomal aneuploidy as a possible cause of his genital anomaly and performed karyotyping in cultured fibroblasts from the genital skin, obtained during surgical correction. Tetraploid/diploid (92,XXYY/46,XY) mosaicism was found in 43/57 and 6/26 metaphases in 2 separate cultures, respectively. Buccal smear cells, blood lymphocytes, and cells from urine sediment all showed diploidy. We investigated whether this chromosomal abnormality could be found in other patients with severe hypospadias and karyotyped genital fibroblasts of 6 additional patients but found only low frequencies (<11%) of tetraploid cells, not statistically different from those found in control males with no hypospadias. This is the first time tetraploid mosaicism is found in such a high percentage in a patient without psychomotor retardation, dysmorphisms or growth delay. Although the relationship between this observed mosaicism in cultured cells and the underlying pathogenetic mechanism in penoscrotal hypospadias remains to be determined, our data clearly illustrate the power of cytogenetic techniques in detecting mosaicism compared to next-generation sequencing techniques, in which DNA pooled from multiple cells is used.
Bilateral Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Haze Masaya , Kobayashi Takatoshi , Kakurai Keigo , Shoda Hiromi , Takai Nanae , Takeda Sayako , Tada Rei , Maruyama Kouichi , Kida Teruyo , Ikeda Tsunehiko
Published: June 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the case of a patient who underwent vitrectomy for bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis while undergoing steroid and immunosuppressant therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Case Report: We report on a 29-year-old female who was undergoing steroids and immunosuppressants treatment for SLE at Osaka Medical College Hospital, Takatsuki City, Japan. Examination of the patient due to prolonged and worsening diarrhea revealed positive test results for C7-HRP, and she was diagnosed with CMV colitis. She was subsequently admitted to the hospital and started on intravenous ganciclovir for treatment. Approximately 1.5 months later, her primary complaint was deterioration of the upper visual field in her left eye, and she was then referred to the Department of Ophthalmology. Numerous granular exudative spots were found around the lower retinal area of her left eye with retinal breaks that had developed in an area of retinal necrosis that resulted in retinal detachment. After time was allowed for the patient’s general condition to improve, a vitrectomy was performed on that eye. The patient subsequently developed a similar retinal detachment in her right eye, for which she underwent a vitrectomy. Although the patient required multiple surgeries on both eyes, her retinas currently remain reattached and the inflammation has subsided. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that strict attention must be paid to SLE patients on immunosuppressive therapy due to the possible association of CMV retinitis.
A 13-Year Retrospective Study on Primary Liver Cancer in Cambodia: A Strikingly High Hepatitis C Occurrence among Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cases
Authors: Chassagne François , Rojas Rojas Teresa , Bertani Stéphane , Bourdy Geneviève , Eav Sokha , Ruiz Eloy , Pineau Pascal , Deharo Eric
Published: June 2016

Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main type of primary liver cancer (PLC) worldwide, but cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) may be predominant in some specific regions of Southeast Asia. The aim of the present study was to delineate a pattern of Cambodian PLC patients attending the Calmette Hospital in the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh. Materials and Methods: A total of 553 medical charts diagnosing PLCs from January 2003 to May 2015 were obtained from both the Oncology and Hepato-Gastroenterology Departments of the Calmette Hospital. Results: HCC was the predominant type of PLC recorded, with 511 cases (92.4%), whereas CCA represented merely 7.6% (42 cases) of the overall series. Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 44.3%) and hepatitis C virus (HCV; 43%) infection rates were similar among the HCC patients, while small subsets of CCA patients were infected with HBV (15.4%) or HCV (11.5%). Most HCC (84%) and CCA (73.8%) patients received palliative treatment only. Conclusion: The present study indicates that HCC is the main form of primary hepatic neoplasm among PLC patients attending a hospital in Cambodia. HBV and HCV infections represented equivalent burdens and major contributing factors to HCC. Therefore, the implementation of prevention programs for these infectious agents should become a priority for health policy makers in the country.
Reactive Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma Associated with Neuropathy, Venous Stasis, and Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Sirikham Thirawut , Rojhirunsakool Salinee , Vachiramon Vasanop
Published: June 2016

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is an uncommon benign adnexal neoplasm which derives from cells of the acrosyringium of eccrine sweat glands. The clinical appearance is nonspecific but the histological features are typical. Five clinical subtypes of ESFA exist: (1) solitary ESFA; (2) multiple ESFA associated with ectodermal dysplasia; (3) multiple ESFA without cutaneous features; (4) unilateral linear ESFA (nevoid), and (5) reactive ESFA associated with inflammatory or neoplastic dermatoses. We report the case of a 42-year-old man with long-standing diabetes and neuropathy, presenting with a 4-year history of asymptomatic erythematous plaques on a background of brown hyperpigmentation on the left foot. The clinical presentation and histopathological findings are compatible with reactive ESFA.
Cryptic Species in Proechimys goeldii (Rodentia, Echimyidae)? A Case of Molecular and Chromosomal Differentiation in Allopatric Populations
Authors: Rodrigues da Costa Marlyson J. , Siqueira do Amaral Paulo J. , Pieczarka Julio C. , Sampaio Maria I. , Rossi Rogério V. , Mendes-Oliveira Ana C. , Rodrigues Noronha Renata C. , Nagamachi Cleusa Y.
Published: June 2016

The spiny rats of the genus Proechimys have a wide distribution in the Amazon, covering all areas of endemism of this region. We analyzed the karyotype and cytochrome b (Cyt b) sequences in Proechimys goeldii from 6 localities representing 3 interfluves of the eastern Amazon. A clear separation of P. goeldii into 2 monophyletic clades was observed, both chromosomally and based on Cyt b sequences: cytotype A (2n = 26♀/27♂, NF = 42) for samples from the Tapajos-Xingu interfluve and cytotype B (2n = 24♀/25♂, NF = 42) for samples from the Xingu-Tocantins interfluve and east of the Tocantins River. The karyotypes differ in a pericentric inversion and a centric fusion/fission and an average nucleotide divergence of 6.1%, suggesting cryptic species. Meiotic analysis confirmed the presence of a XX/XY1Y2 multiple sex chromosome determination system for both karyotypes. The karyotypes also vary from the literature (2n = 24, NF = 42, XX/XY). The autosome translocated to the X chromosome is different both in size and morphology to P. cf. longicaudatus, which also has a multiple sex chromosome determination system (2n = 14♀/15♀♂/16♀/17♂, NF = 14). The Xingu River is a barrier that separates populations of P. goeldii, thus maintaining their allopatric nature and providing an explanation for the molecular and cytogenetic patterns observed for the Xingu River but not the Tocantins River.
Medicines and Vegetable Oils as Hidden Causes of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Authors: Okuyama Harumi , Langsjoen Peter H. , Ohara Naoki , Hashimoto Yoko , Hamazaki Tomohito , Yoshida Satoshi , Kobayashi Tetsuyuki , Langsjoen Alena M.
Published: June 2016

Background: Positive associations have been observed between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), but their causal relationship has not been clarified. Nevertheless, guidelines from relevant medical societies recommend using cholesterol lowering medication (statin) for both types of patients. Medicines with several different action mechanisms have been developed, and the effectiveness of different lifestyle modifications has been studied extensively for the prevention of DM, which was successful in improving clinical marker status in relatively short-term treatments, but none have been shown to be effective in improving long-term outcomes (mortality from CVD and all causes). Summary: Statin-induced suppression of prenyl intermediates in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway has been linked to stimulated atherosclerosis and heart failure. On the other hand, certain types of vegetable oil and hydrogenated oil shortened the survival of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats by decreasing platelet number, increasing hemorrhagic tendency and damaging kidney functions, which could not be accounted for by their fatty acid and phytosterol compositions. These vegetable oils and medicines such as statin and warfarin share, in part, a common mechanism to inhibit vitamin K2-dependent processes, which was interpreted to lead to increased onset of CVD, DM, chronic kidney disease, bone fracture and even mental disorder. Impaired vitamin K2-dependent processes by some types of vegetable oils and medicines, but not plasma high low density lipoprotein cholesterol, were proposed as the cause of CVD, DM and other lifestyle-related diseases. High n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of ingested foods, but not animal fats, was emphasized to be another risk factor for many of the diseases described above. Key Messages: To date, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed to prove the above interpretation. However, the opposite types of RCT trials have been performed by increasing the intake of high-linoleic vegetable oils and reducing that of animal fats, which resulted in increased CVD and all-cause mortality. The amounts of these vegetable oils to exhibit adverse effects in animal studies are not huge (<6 energy %), which should not be overlooked nor disregarded.
Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jäger Dirk , Halama Niels , Zörnig Inka , Klug Paula , Krauss Jürgen , Haag Georg-Martin
Published: June 2016

It is known that the immune response, reflected by high T cell infiltrates in primary tumors and metastases, influences the clinical course of colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, immunotherapy concepts have been adapted from other tumor entities, which typically rely on the activation of T cells in the tumor microenvironment (e.g. blockade of the immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 and CTLA-4). However, most of the strategies using the approved checkpoint inhibitors and/or combination strategies have more or less failed to produce impressive results in early phase trials in CRC. Therefore, a number of novel targets for checkpoint inhibition are currently in early phase clinical testing (TIM-3, Lag-3, OX40, GITR, 4-1BB, CD40, CD70). A simple activation of infiltrating T cells will not, however, lead to a meaningful anti-tumor response without modulating the environmental factors in CRC. Thus, it is absolutely necessary to improve our understanding of the complex regulation of the tumor microenvironment in CRC to design individual combination treatments leading to effective immune control.
Prognostic relevance of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Koller Lorenz , Hohensinner Philipp , Sulzgruber Patrick , Blum Steffen , Maurer Gerald , Wojta Johann , Hülsmann Martin , Niessner Alexander
Published: June 2016

Novel strategies for a tailored risk prediction in chronic heart failure (CHF) are crucial to identify patients at very high risk for an improved patient management and to specify treatment regimens. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are an important endogenous repair mechanism with the ability to counteract endothelial injury and the possibility of new vessel formation. We hypothesised that exhaustion of circulating EPCs may be a suitable prognostic biomarker in patients with CHF. EPCs, defined as CD34+CD45dimKDR+ cells, were analysed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. EPCs were measured in 185 patients with CHF including 87 (47%) patients with ischaemic aetiology and 98 (53%) patients with non-ischaemic CHF and followed for a median time of 2.7 years. During this period, 34.7% of patients experienced the primary study endpoint all-cause mortality. EPC count was a significant and independent inverse predictor of mortality with an hazard ratio hazard ratio (HR) per increase of one standard deviation (1-SD) of 0.47 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35–0.61; p<0.001) and remained significant after multivariable adjustment for a comprehensive set of cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounders with a HR per 1-SD of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.4–0.73; p<0.001). EPCs further demonstrated additional prognostic information indicated by improvements in C-statistic, net reclassification index and integrated discrimination increment. In conclusion, in our study circulating EPCs turned out as strong and independent inverse predictors of mortality underlining the importance of an impaired endothelial repair mechanism in the pathophysiology and progression of CHF.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Equine influenza in Brazil
Authors: Favaro Patricia Filippsen , Richtzenhain Leonardo José
Published: June 2016

O vírus da influenza equina (EIV) (H3N8 e H7N7) é o agente causador da influenza equina, ou gripe equina. O subtipo viral H7N7 é considerado como mundialmente extinto desde 1980. Os animais afetados têm sintomas respiratórios característicos que podem ser agravados por uma infecção respiratória bacteriana secundária causando grandes prejuízos no ramo equestre. No Brasil, os surtos da EI têm sido relatados desde 1963 e desde então vem sendo efetuados estudos sobre a presença de anticorpos hemaglutinantes contra os subtipos virais nos equídeos brasileiros. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar um histórico sobre o surgimento do EIV no mundo e no Brasil destacando os estudos conduzidos no Brasil até o momento acerca da infecção pelo EIV nos equídeos brasileiros.
General introduction to a philosophy of action in Caguilhem: concept, context ans the works
Authors: Sfara Emiliano
Published: June 2016

Esse artigo é uma introdução geral à filosofia da ação nos trabalhos de Georges Canguilhem. O conceito canguilhemiano de ação define precisamente a superação do livre agir contra as normas abstratas e rígidas. Baseados em 1) diversos manuscritos não publicados (como "Qu'est-ce qu'agir?" ou "Objet et nature de la philosophie") e 2) uma análise geral dos campos metodológicos (estética, filosofia, história da ciência etc.) que caracteriza a produção filosófica de Canguilhem, pretendemos esclarecer o alcance teórica desse conceito à luz do contextos histórico e filosófico no qual ele se desenvolveu.
Kobro and Strzemiński Revisited
Authors: Bois Yve-Alain
Published: June 2016

An introduction to Katarzyna Kobro and Władysław Strzemiński's 1932 treatise on sculpture, Composing Space/Calculating Space-Time Rhythms, this piece discusses how these authors carry the essentialism and historicism typical of geometric abstraction of the interwar period to unprecedented levels. Includes critical remarks about the authors’ omissions (of Rodin, of Hildebrand, of Cubist sculpture) and their connection to Russian Constructivism.
Shibboleth: Policing by Ear and Forensic Listening in Projects by Lawrence Abu Hamdan
Authors: Apter Emily
Published: June 2016

Drawing on the work of Lawrence Abu Hamdan, a British-Lebanese artist and researcher currently based in Beirut, this essay examines the juridical and conceptual field of critical forensis which is situated at the juncture of security studies, art, and architecture. Abu Hamdan extends forensics to the area of “new audibilities,” with a focus on the politics of juridical hearing in situations of legal-identity profiling and voice authentication (the “shibboleth test”). Abu Hamdan's projects investigate how accent monitoring and audio surveillance, voice recognition, translation technologies, sovereign acts of listening, and court determinations of linguistic norms emerge as so many technical constraints on “freedom of speech,” itself a malleable term ascribed to discrepant claims and principles, yet taking on performative force in site-specific situations.
“Until the End of the World”: Eidetic Variation and Absolute Being of Consciousness—A Reconsideration
Authors: Majolino Claudio
Published: June 2016

This paper suggests interpreting Husserl’s thesis of the “fictional destruction of the world” (gedankliche Destruktion der Welt) in the light of the eidetic method of variation. After having reconstructed Husserl’s argument and shown how it relies on the methodologically regimented joint venture of free fantasy and bounded concepts, the author concludes that (1) the a priori of a world, namely its empirical (more or less rational) style, is tantamount to the a priori of a world that can be possibly experienced by some conceivable form of consciousness. (2) If consciousness is a priori bound to transcendence, such transcendence is not necessarily supposed to be the transcendence of a world, for a non-world would be enough to entertain the intentional directedness. This twofold claim allows for a novel interpretation of Husserl’s principle of the asymmetry between world and consciousness.
“It Was Like That When I Came In”
Authors: Colborne Nathan
Published: June 2016

David Sloan Wilson argues that religion has evolved in human beings as a group adaptation. Part of Wilson’s argument relies on an analysis of a randomized sample of religions that he selects fromThe Encyclopedia of Religion. One significant methodological problem with this strategy is that Wilson offloads the work of defining the boundaries of each religious tradition to the encyclopedia he uses and allows the category ‘religion’ to do the conceptual heavy lifting in his argument. An examination of the way this category is used by Wilson will demonstrate that an insufficient attentiveness to the use of the word ‘religion’ makes Wilson’s argument circular and invalid. Wilson’s argument would be strengthened by rejecting any causal role for the category ‘religion’ and examining specific practices, rituals, and other acts of identification for an adaptive advantage irrespective of their association with the category ‘religion’.
Teaching by Production Rather Than Products
Authors: Loewen Nathan R.B.
Published: June 2016

The classroom has potential to be the most common context for the dissemination of method and theory in religious studies. Scholars have the ability to perform scholarly competencies in their teaching venues such as providing evidentiary support, taking stock of methodological concerns, and demonstrating familiarity with current trends in criticism within the field, just to name a few. Those who take seriously critical moves in the field, furthermore, might see the dialogical self-consciousness and an attention to structures to be shared primary interests for critical theory and contemporary pedagogy. All too often, and problematically, the competencies applied in scholarship are separated from teaching. Research is seen as “real work” (e.g., publications and conference papers) and, for many, teaching merely serves those practical ends. With this problematic dichotomy in mind, the publishing ofThe Norton Anthology of World Religions(nawr) is sadly not surprising in the year 2015. When critical scholarship is withheld from pedagogical tools (like an anthology), the demonstrable lack of scholarly competency and disciplinary aptitude in Jack Miles’ preface and introduction to thenawrremains unremarkable (particularly since he claims to address religious studies undergraduates and their professors). Miles not only presents thenawras a means by which “international world religions should be allowed to speak to you in their own words” (Miles 2015: li) but he also prescribes—as supposedly prior to theoretical commitments—the method of “secular, neutral comparative study of religion” (41) through the “fine art of page flipping” (lvii) as the original and best practice for the study of religion. Miles’ failures as a critic and as a pedagogue merely reflect the presumption that students need only interact with the superstructures of higher education and not be let in on the processes that create scholarship. This essay will outline this problematic vis-à-vis the preface and introduction to thenawrin order to highlight the role a critical study of religion should play in our teaching.
Jacques Lacan and the Theory of the Religious Subject
Authors: Uzlaner Dmitry
Published: June 2016

Jacques Lacan’s theory of the subject is put forward in order to correct what the author calls “the naïve theory of the subject,” which sociologists of religion tend to utilize by default in numerous quantitative sociological studies based on mass surveys and oriented towards obtaining exact, scientific, positivistic knowledge. This article applies Lacan’s three registers—Imaginary, Symbolic, and Real—to the religious sphere and demonstrates their potential implications for the sociological analysis of religion. An analysis of the empirical research on Russia’s post-Soviet religious situation reinforces the author’s argument that an uncritical theory of the subject attends only to the superficial layers of the subject, which end up being devoid of actual subjectivity, according to Lacanian logic. The more fundamental layers of the subject, capable of making it “the subject” in the full sense of the word, seem to be completely outside of sociologists’ current field of vision. This critique directs the reader’s attention to the shortcomings of sociological surveys, and the author argues that a more robust understanding of the subject could enrich the sociology of religion, particularly by further developing certain conceptions, such as Grace Davie’s “vicarious religion.”
Fiat iustitia . . . Professor Krzysztof Skubiszewski and His Vision of the Relations Between the International Court of Justice and the Security Council
Authors: Krzan Bartłomiej
Published: June 2016

The present article addresses the legacy of the late Professor Krzysztof Skubiszewski with a view to analysing his vision of the judicial function of the International Court of Justice vis-à-vis the Security Council. Although the issue has attracted much scholarly and practical attention, it may be argued that the position taken by Skubiszewski, successfully combining theory with practice, remains highly relevant despite the lapse of time and subsequent developments. The relations between the two main organs of the United Nations are examined particularly in the light of the latest jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice.
Axis Empires. Toward a Global History of Fascist Imperialism
Authors: Salvati Giulio
Published: June 2016

The international workshop organized by Daniel Hedinger and Reto Hofmann and financed by the Center for Advanced Studies at Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich brought scholars working on Axis countries together in order to explore viable approaches for a global history of fascist imperialism. The major questions addressed the colony–metropole relationship and its role in the radicalization process as well as the ways in which fascist empires learned from the imperial strategies used both by their allies and by their liberal-empire counterparts. In two days, the participants discussed how, when, and where these empires intersected, thereby investigating ideology, culture, empire-building processes and (self) perception.
Searching for the ‘Homeland’ of Islam
Authors: Albrecht Sarah
Published: June 2016

Recent studies on Muslims in the West have frequently characterised them as living in a state of ‘diaspora’. As the question of whether Muslims regard themselves or their co-religionists residing in Western countries as forming a ‘diaspora’ has, however, remained widely understudied, this article provides insights into Muslim perspectives on the notion of ‘Muslim diaspora’ as a self-designation. It explores how far prominent scholars and intellectuals—among them al-Qaradawi, al-Alwani, Ramadan and Nayed—conceptualise Muslims in the West as belonging to a ‘diasporic community’ or whether and for what reasons they reject this classification. Arguing that current controversies surrounding this question are intrinsically linked with the discussion of the traditional Islamic view that the world is divided into a ‘territory of Islam’ and a ‘territory of war’, the article challenges the widespread assumption that the notion of ‘Muslim diaspora’ is, unlike other examples of diaspora, devoid of a distinct territorial component.
On roman letters and other stories
Authors: Lock Charles
Published: June 2016

This essay questions the assumption that the roman alphabet is more purely phonetic than any other, and that other scripts and writing-systems are less efficient, whether for the production of texts or for their comprehension. Those who habitually use roman letters are asked to consider their competence to understand other writing systems. The work of Stanley Morison emphasizes the ideological significance of alphabets and of particular letter-forms. M.B. Parkes and Paul B. Saenger are cited to indicate how punctuation and spacing are aspects of the roman-letter writing system that cannot be treated as purely phonetic. Beyond the world of roman letters there is a focus on Syriac and the Xi’an stele, which was printed by Athanasius Kircher in 1667 and marks the first publication in the west of a substantial text in Chinese.
From the Universal to the National
Authors: Lim HyungTaek
Published: June 2016

With the advent of western modernity towards the end of the nineteenth century, the Chinese scriptworld deconstructed. This was the greatest transformation to take place in this region in all of its recorded history, for that history began in Chinese script. China, Japan, Vietnam, and Korea all used the Chinese script but used it in different ways. The universal system was developed uniquely in each case in interaction with the vernacular. This paper will examine the ways in which Korea adopted and negotiated with the Universal script and how Chinese writing developed with respect to Korean speech. It will conclude with some observations on the tensions brought to bear on the Chinese scriptworld by nationalization and westernization.
A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)
Authors: LAST PETER R. , SÉRET BERNARD , NAYLOR GAVIN J.P.
Published: June 2016

A new guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov., is described from material collected at fish markets in Malaysian Borneo (South China Sea). This ray, which is almost plain coloured with faint orange blotches in adults, has a more colourful embryo marked with small pale ocelli with dark centres. Confused with R. schlegelii (Japan to Taiwan) and its junior synonym R. formosensis, new molecular data suggests it is more closely related to a subgroup of Rhinobatos from the Indo–Malay Archipelago that includes R. jimbaranensis, R. sainsburyi and R. whitei. Based on evidence from recent phylogenetic studies, the genus Rhinobatos is non-monophyletic, nor is the Rhinobatidae a monophyletic family-level group. Former subgenera of Rhinobatos, Acroteriobatus and Glaucostegus, are valid genus-level taxa supported by both morphological and molecular evidence. Moreover, amphi-American members of Rhinobatos, assigned herein to a new genus Pseudobatos, are not monophyletic with Rhinobatos, Acroteriobatus and Glaucostegus and its position within the newly erected order Rhinopristiformes needs to be reassessed. Several molecular studies have suggested that the family Rhinobatidae is polyphyletic and needs to be redefined. We propose a revised classification of the order Rhinopristiformes based on molecular analyses and supported by morphological data, making strong use of oronasal morphology. The group now contains 5 family-level taxa: three valid nominal taxa, Pristidae (2 genera, 5 species), Rhinidae (incorporating Rhynchobatidae, 2 genera, 9 species), Rhinobatidae (3 genera, 31 species); and two new taxa, Glaucostegidae (single genus, 6 species) and Trygonorrhinidae (3 genera, 8 species).
A taxonomic study of the genus Eupteryx Curtis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae), with description of five new records and one new species from China
Authors: HOU XIAO-JIAO , ZHANG YA-LIN , HUANG MIN
Published: June 2016

A new species, Eupteryx (Stacla) gracilirama sp. nov. from China is described and illustrated and five species are recorded for the first time from China: Eupteryx (Stacla) janeki Dworakowska, Eupteryx (Stacla) albonigra Dworakowska, Eupteryx (Stacla) hela Dworakowska, Eupteryx (Stacla) irminae Dworakowska and Eupteryx (sensu stricto) stachydearum (Hardy). A check-list and key to all known species of Eupteryx from China are provided.
A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Guizhou, China
Authors: YAN JIE , LIN YUBO , GUO WEIBO , LI PENG , ZHOU KAIYA
Published: June 2016

A new species of the genus Hemiphyllodactylus is described from Huishui County, Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Hemiphyllodactylus huishuiensis sp. nov. is distinguished from all other congeners by having the unique combination of the following characters: a maximum SVL of 51.2 mm; 8 or 10 chin scales; enlarged postmental scales; 3 circumnasal scales; 2 or 3 scales between the supranasals; 9–11 supralabials; 9–11 infralabials; 13–15 dorsal scales; 7–9 ventral scales; a lamellar hand formula of 3-4-4-4 or 4-4/5-5-4; a lamellar foot formula of 4-4/5-5-4/5; 3 subdigital lamellae on the first finger and first toe; a continuous precloacal and femoral pore series of less than 20; one cloacal spur in both males and females; no enlarged subcaudal scales; dark dorsal transverse blotches; dark postorbital stripe; a brown postsacral mark bearing anteriorly projecting arms; and unpigmented caecum and gonads. The new species also occurs in Ziyun County, Guizhou Province, China.
New species of Elampus Spinola, 1806 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), with a key to the Neotropical species of the genus
Authors: LUCENA DAERCIO A. A. , GOMES RAYANE S.
Published: June 2016

Three species of Elampus Spinola are reviewed. A new species, Elampus macuxi Lucena, sp. nov. (Brazil, Roraima) is described and illustrated. The lectotype is designated for Elampus aequinoctialis Ducke 1901. A key for three Neotropical species is given.
Odontalgus dongbaiensis sp. n. from eastern China, and a world catalog of
Odontalgini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)
Authors: YIN ZI-WEI , NEWTON ALFRED F. , ZHAO TIE-XIONG
Published: June 2016

Odontalgus dongbaiensis Yin and Zhao, new species is described from the eastern Chinese province of Zhejiang. This represents the first record of the tribe Odontalgini Jeannel, 1949 in China. The habitus, foveal pattern, and major diagnostic characters of the new species are illustrated, and the new species is diagnosed and compared with related congeners. A catalog of the world genera and species of Odontalgini is provided, with a full bibliography of the original descriptions and synonyms. Data on the type locality, type depository, and world distribution of each species are given. Odontalgus gracilides Newton, new replacement name, is proposed for O. gracilis Jeannel, 1964, which is a primary junior homonym of O. gracilis Raffray, 1904. Odontalgus vespertinus rhodesiae Jeannel, 1951 is synonymized with O. vespertinus Raffray, 1877, new synonym. Odontalgus rugulosus Jeannel, 1957 is selected as the correct original spelling of this species. Currently the Odontalgini contains fifty-six species and three subspecies grouped in five genera, with a disjunct distribution in the Afrotropical and Oriental regions, Korea, Japan, and Australia.
Revision of the Scytinopteridae (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Scytinopteroidea) of the Queensland Triassic
Authors: LAMBKIN KEVIN J.
Published: June 2016

The extinct hemipteran family Scytinopteridae, the presumed ancestors of the Heteroptera, was a small but widely distributed element of the Triassic insect fauna of Queensland. A total of 28 tegmina have been collected at six sites (Gayndah, Esk, Mount Crosby, Riverview, Denmark Hill and Dinmore) in five Middle or Late Triassic Formations. The specimens are remarkably uniform in both wing shape and basic venation, and the generally weakly developed venation of the apical area of the tegmen is rarely clearly preserved. Some consistent variations in tegmen size and in minor venational characters, however, have enabled the identification of six and possibly seven species in three genera, acknowledging of course, the somewhat artificial nature of fossil insect species based solely on isolated wings. Mesoscytina Tillyard, 1919 (= Triassoscarta Tillyard, 1919, syn. nov.), comprising Mesoscytina australis Tillyard, 1919 (= Mesoscytina affinis Tillyard, 1919, syn. nov., = Triassoscarta subcostalis Tillyard, 1919, syn. nov.) (Denmark Hill, Esk), Mesoscytina fistulae sp. nov. (Mount Crosby, Gayndah), Mesoscytina woodsi sp. nov. (Gayndah), and Mesoscytina magna sp. nov. (Dinmore), is distinguished by the combination of the R more or less straight distally and M with three apical branches. The monotypic Eurymelidium Tillyard, 1919, with type species Eurymelidium australe Tillyard, 1919 (Denmark Hill, Dinmore), has R sinuous and M with two apical branches, and the monotypic Apheloscyta Tillyard, 1922, with type species Apheloscyta mesocampta Tillyard, 1922 (Denmark Hill, Riverview) has R more or less straight and M with two apical branches. Three poorly preserved and thus unidentifiable scytinopterid tegmina from Esk, similar in size to Mesoscytina fistulae, are designated as Esk species A.
Arterial Access in Patients With De Novo Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: Abdul Jabbar Ali , Mufti Omar , Sabol Angeline , Markert Ronald , White Bryan , Broderick George
Published: June 2016

Bleeding is a major limitation of antithrombotic therapy among invasively managed patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACSs). Randomized clinical trials have generally failed to favor either the femoral or the radial arterial approach for coronary angiography or intervention in NSTE-ACS. In 561 hospitalized patients with a new diagnosis of NSTE-ACS referred for coronary angiography, 364 and 197 patients underwent the femoral and the radial approach, respectively. Femoral and radial access did not differ in bleeding complications in the first 72 hours (8 of 364 or 2.2% vs 8 of 197 or 4.1%, P = .21), duration of hospitalization (4.67 ± 5.02 vs 4.51 ± 4.81, P = .28) nor in-hospital mortality (0.8% vs 0.5%, P = .67). Contrast volume was higher for femoral versus radial cases (204 ± 119 vs 168 ± 104, P < .001). In patients with de novo NSTE-ACS without prior cardiac bypass, radial and femoral arterial access did not differ in instances of bleeding within the first 72 hours postoperatively, length of hospital stay, or in-hospital mortality. Less contrast was used in radial cases, which may represent an advantage for patients with renal insufficiency.
Do Students See Themselves in the Music Curriculum?
Authors: Peters Gretchen
Published: June 2016

Greater diversity and inclusivity in music curricula are goals that permeate discussions in education. Achieving these goals, however, is complex and presents inherent difficulties as music not only values tradition but also promotes the past. Many music traditions were exclusionary and unintentionally cultivated a culture in which many people today continue to be marginalized. Faculty and students in a Wisconsin music department created a project titled “A Year of Inclusivity,” which sought to recognize exclusionary practices in the department and highlight contributions of underrepresented composers and other musicians in performance programming and curriculum. Our goal was to influence future directions for our department as well as help all our students, including preservice teachers, reconsider their roles as ambassadors of musical culture.
Singing, Sissies, and Sexual Identity
Authors: McBride Nicholas R.
Published: June 2016

This article explores how choral directors negotiate personal and professional identity in relation to gender discourse. Many music teachers have tried hypermasculine messages, such as “Real men sing,” used as recruitment tools for getting adolescent boys to join choir. Designed to counter the perception that “singing is for sissies,” these messages reinforce limited views of masculinity that can present a problem for choral directors. Gay male teachers especially may feel obligated to divide aspects of their personal identity from their professional identity for the benefit of male involvement in their program. Given these circumstances, the question of what defines a man as “real” must be considered within the context of gender, gender performance, sexuality, and teacher identity.
A simulator-based approach for modeling longitudinal driving behavior in construction work zones: Exploration and assessment
Authors: Hamdar Samer H , Khoury Hiam , Zehtabi Sanaz
Published: June 2016

The essential need to maintain roadway structures makes encountering work zones an inevitable part of today’s driving. The corresponding changes in traffic dynamics directly affect the drivers’ mobility and safety. Accordingly, a closer look into driver’s interaction with work zones’ geometrics and activity features may be helpful. The overall objective of this study is to examine the longitudinal characteristics of driver behavior in different work zone conditions. Based on existing literature, the variables defining these work zone conditions were specified as the work zone length, the barrier type and the level of activity. Eight different scenarios were designed by changing these three variables in a driving simulator and 40 trajectory data sets were recorded. Using a genetic algorithm, these data sets were used to calibrate a prospect theory-based acceleration model. The calibrated parameter values helped quantify the driver’s perception of the surrounding environment, his/her risk-attitudes and the corresponding judgment process.
Crossed my mind, but ruled it out: Political ambition and gender in the Pakistani Lawyers’ Movement 2007–2009
Authors: Rincker Meg , Aslam Ghazia , Isani Mujtaba
Published: June 2016

Exploration of gender and political ambition is a crucial endeavor in liberal democracies like the United States and in electoral democracies with unstable political rights and civil liberties. We use a mixed-methods approach to conduct a political ambition survey of participants in the 2007–2009 Pakistani Lawyers’ Movement. We tested eight hypotheses about gender and participation in the movement, whether participants considered running for office (nascent ambition), or have taken steps to run (expressive ambition). Contrary to US findings, among eligible males and females in Pakistan, our logit analysis shows that gender is not significant in explaining nascent ambition among men and women. Running for office has equally crossed women’s minds because of female executive role models and women’s reserved parliamentary seats. However, elite Pakistani women have lower levels of expressive ambition owing to higher costs women face when challenging informal norms about political participation.
Volatility Dynamics in Oil and Oilseeds Spot and Futures Market in India
Authors: Malhotra Meenakshi , Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Published: June 2016

Executive Summary

India occupies the fifth position in the vegetable oil economy of the world. The demand for oilseeds and vegetable oil has far exceeded the domestic output necessitating huge imports. Futures market helps to bring price stability for the development of the underlying physical market. The present study investigates the volatility dynamics in spot and futures markets of select oil and oilseeds commodities.

The objectives of this article are to study (a) the information transmission process between spot and futures markets, also called volatility spillover and (b) the impact of futures trading activity on the volatility of physical market prices.

The commodities selected from oil and oilseeds segment are refined soya oil, mustard seed, crude palm oil, and mentha oil. The study uses basic Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model to capture volatility in prices of the selected commodities. Bivariate GARCH model makes use of information in the history of two different markets for testing volatility spillover between two markets of the same underlying commodity.

The relationship between futures trading activity and spot price volatility is investigated for examining the impact of futures trading activity on the volatility of underlying spot market. Two variables, viz., futures trading volume and open interest are decomposed into expected and unexpected components and are taken as a proxy for the level of trading activity. The contemporaneous and dynamic relationships are studied with the help of augmented GARCH model and Granger causality, respectively.

It is observed that there is an efficient transmission of information between spot and futures markets but it is the spot market which leads to the flow of information to futures and hence causes greater spillover of volatility. The spot market has a greater impact on the volatility of futures market, indicating that informational efficiency of oilseeds spot market is stronger than that of the futures market.

The contemporaneous and dynamic relationship between spot price volatility and futures trading activity tested with econometric models provide evidence of the destabilizing impact of an unexpected increase in futures trading activity (volume or open interest) on the spot price volatility in three out of four commodities studied. This indicates that badly informed traders present in futures market are destabilizing the underlying spot market by inducing noise and lowering the information content of prices.
Risk factors of postthrombotic syndrome before and after deep venous thrombosis treatment
Authors: Strijkers Rob HW , de Wolf Mark AF , Wittens Cees HA
Published: June 2016

Postthrombotic syndrome is the most common complication after deep venous thrombosis. Postthrombotic syndrome is a debilitating disease and associated with decreased quality of life and high healthcare costs. Postthrombotic syndrome is a chronic disease, and causative treatment options are limited. Prevention of postthrombotic syndrome is therefore very important. Not all patients develop postthrombotic syndrome. Risk factors have been identified to try to predict the risk of developing postthrombotic syndrome. Age, gender, and recurrent deep venous thrombosis are factors that cannot be changed. Deep venous thrombosis location and extent seem to predict severity of postthrombotic syndrome and are potentially suitable as patient selection criteria. Residual thrombosis and reflux are known to increase the incidence of postthrombotic syndrome, but are of limited use. More recently developed treatment options for deep venous thrombosis, such as new oral factor X inhibitors and catheter-directed thrombolysis, are available at the moment. Catheter-directed thrombolysis shows promising results in reducing the incidence of postthrombotic syndrome after deep venous thrombosis. The role of new oral factor X inhibitors in preventing postthrombotic syndrome is still to be determined.
Octave Bias in Pitch Perception: The Influence of Pitch Height on Pitch Class Identification
Authors: Prpic Valter , Murgia Mauro , De Tommaso Matteo , Boschetti Giulia , Galmonte Alessandra , Agostini Tiziano
Published: June 2016

Pitch height and pitch class are different, but strictly related, percepts of music tones. To investigate the influence of pitch height in a pitch class identification task, we systematically analyzed the errors—in terms of direction and amount—committed by a group of musicians. The aim of our study was to verify the existence of constant errors in the identification of pitch classes across consecutive octaves. Stimuli were single piano tones from the C major scale executed in two consecutive octaves. Participants showed different response patterns in the two octaves. The direction of errors revealed a constant tendency to underestimate pitch classes in the lowest octave and to overestimate pitch classes in the highest octave. Thus, pitch height showed to influence pitch class identification. We called this bias “pitch class polarization”, since the same pitch class was judged to be respectively lower and higher, depending on relatively low or high pitch height.