bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity, Toxicity Test, and Phytochemical Analysis of Roselle Flower Extract
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Venny Patricia
Published: August 2024

Hypertension is still one of the biggest health problems in the world, including in Indonesia. The high prevalence rate has encouraged a lot of research to find antihypertensive drugs and other alternative healing methods, especially those using natural ingredients. One plant that has antihypertensive activity is the roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). This research aimed to observe the inhibitory activity of roselle flower extract on the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), determine the potential toxicity of roselle flower extract on shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach), and determine the phytochemical content in it. Roselle flower simplicia was extracted using the maceration method using a 70% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was then tested for its inhibitory activity against ACE photometrically using a microplate reader. The observed inhibitory activity was calculated in terms of IC50. The toxicity of the extract was determined by the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) to see how toxic the roselle flower extract was to shrimp larvae. The secondary metabolite content in the extract was determined qualitatively and quantitatively. The research results showed that the extraction yield obtained was 32,63%. The IC50 value of roselle flower extract against ACE was 295,36 ppm. The toxicity test on shrimp larvae showed that the LC50 value obtained was 334,02 ppm. The results of qualitative phytochemical tests show that roselle flower extract contained flavonoids, quinones, and steroids. The flavonoids and phenolic content in roselle flower extract were 0,42% and 0,91%, respectively. Based on these results, the phytochemical content of roselle flower extract inhibited ACE activity, and its compounds can be used as ingredients for developing hypertension drugs
Evaluación estadística con SPSS y Python del impacto integral generado por la asistencia de inteligencia artificial en docentes ecuatorianos
Authors: Nacimba Rivera Nancy Orlheni , Trávez Osorio Gladys Mercedes , Cárdenas Pila Victoria Nataly , Medina Pérez Norma Rocío
Published: August 2024

Introducción. La inteligencia artificial está transformando la educación mediante la personalización del aprendizaje, la gestión escolar y el análisis de datos educativos. Sin embargo, persisten desafíos en su implementación, destacando la necesidad de capacitación docente en IA. Su uso puede liberar a los docentes de tareas rutinarias, pero enfrenta obstáculos económicos y tecnológicos, especialmente en LATAM. Objetivo. Investigar cómo los docentes pueden utilizar herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial para potenciar su labor, identificar los retos asociados, evaluar la necesidad de capacitaciones y explorar el uso de la IA para reducir el estrés laboral.  Metodología. El enfoque metodológico utilizado en esta investigación es mixto, combinando datos cuantitativos de encuestas con análisis cualitativo bibliográfico. Se usaron SPSS estadístico descriptivo de respuestas cerradas y Python para el análisis de preguntas abiertas, respectivamente. Resultados. El análisis estadístico inferencial con SPSS revela que solo el 15.4% de los docentes conoce las herramientas de IA en educación, mientras que el 61.5% no. El 76.9% ha recibido capacitación en IA, pero el 100% cree que reduce el estrés laboral. La IA mejora la gestión del tiempo y facilita tareas administrativas. Conclusión.  La integración de IA en educación optimiza la gestión del tiempo y facilita tareas administrativas y pedagógicas de los docentes, permitiendo mayor dedicación a la enseñanza personalizada. Aunque popular, la falta de capacitación y habilidades técnicas son desafíos para superar. Es crucial invertir en formación técnica el respecto. La IA reduce el estrés laboral y mejora la calidad ambiente educativo para los docentes. Área de estudio general: Docencia. Área de estudio específica: Inteligencia artificial. Tipo de estudio:  Artículos originales.
Enhancing Learners' Character Development: Insights from Utilizing Learning Materials and Teaching-Learning Activities in TEFLIN
Authors: Sukarno Sukarno , Riyadini Maria Vineki
Published: August 2024

The pedagogy of Teaching English as a Foreign Language in Indonesia (TEFLIN) underscores the significance of substantive content in language instruction. This paper elucidates the pivotal role of integrating culturally relevant materials into English teaching-learning curricula to effectively develop students’ linguistic competence and linguistic performance. Drawing upon the symbiotic relationship between language and culture, the discourse explores how native speakers' cultural nuances in instructional materials catalyze students' linguistic competence and character development. Central to this approach is the recognition that language acquisition encompasses understanding the cultural underpinnings inherent in communication. This study delves into the pedagogical framework wherein the exploration and elucidation of linguistic features within input texts serve as conduits for delving into students' indigenous wisdom, thereby fostering character-building opportunities. However, successfully integrating these materials for character development hinges upon educators' adeptness in devising contextually relevant teaching-learning activities. Emphasizing the intrinsic moral values interwoven within instructional materials, this paper delineates a structured approach to character development through TEFLIN. Based on experiential insights, this article delineates a procedural framework for leveraging learning materials and teaching-learning activities within TEFLIN to nurture character traits. The outlined phases encompass pre-teaching rituals to set a conducive learning environment, interactive pedagogical approaches during instruction, and reflective post-teaching assessments. Educators are empowered to cultivate a culture of ethical consciousness and character refinement among students by accentuating the integration of moral values throughout the instructional process.
Merits and Demerits of Incorporating Learning Style into EFL Classroom Instruction: A Literature Review
Authors: Pratiwi Wahyuni , Sabilah Fardini , Kurniawati Sri , Nurlestari Khofifah , Mujtahidah H Bidayatul , Merlinda Riza , Hidayatullah Taufik
Published: August 2024

The concept of learning styles proposing the alignment of teaching methods and individual learning styles to enhance learning outcomes has gained popularity among English language teachers. However, numerous studies have debunked the concept by exposing weaknesses in the instruments used to measure learning styles and the underlying hypothesis. Therefore, there is a need for more research focusing on the merits and demerits of implementing learning styles theory in EFL classroom instruction. This study is presented to provide empirical understanding into the issue by presenting the latest research findings and providing recommendations for EFL teachers. To achieve this aim, the researchers conduct a literature review by collecting data from various document references and theories supporting the research. The literature was collected from journal articles published in the last five years, from 2018 to 2023. Based on the review, some studies confirmed that tailoring teaching methods to individual learning styles contributed to improved learning outcomes for EFL students. Conversely, other research has shown no significant or consistent correlation between teaching-specific learning styles and students' achievement. To address this disparity, the present study suggested that foreign language teachers maximize teaching-learning by considering several factors rather than one, such as teaching strategy, students' interpersonal orientations, knowledge, students' background, and interests. Teachers can balance instructional approaches, methods, and activities and apply various teaching strategies to reach all learners.
Development of Teaching Materials for Writing Fantasy Story Texts Integrated with Character and Local Wisdom
Authors: Emelfa Emelfa , Ramadhan Syahrul
Published: August 2024

This development research was conducted to overcome the limitations of teaching materials for writing fantasy story texts with character and local wisdom at SMP Negeri 4 Tambang. The right writing teaching materials can improve students' understanding and writing skills, especially writing fantasy story texts. With the inclusion of character education and local wisdom in the fantasy story text, it can form character and local wisdom values as an effort to preserve their own regional culture. This study aims to describe the process and products of developing teaching materials for writing fantasy story texts with character and local wisdom that are valid, practical, and effective for students. The development model used is 4D which includes defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The test subjects in this study were 31 students of SMP Negeri 4 Tambang and Indonesian language subject teachers in class VII. The theories used in this research are teaching materials, writing, fantasy story text, character and local wisdom, and fantasy story text with character and local wisdom. The results showed that the teaching materials for writing fantasy story texts with character and local wisdom were valid, practical, and effective. The validation results obtained 92.1% with a very valid category. Practicality by teachers and students obtained 92.5% and 86.4% with an average of 89.5% which included a very practical category. The effectiveness of teaching materials obtained a score of 90.2% on student activity, 88.9% on student learning attitudes, 89.4% on knowledge competency and 89.5% on skill competency.
Digital Literacy Practices in Language Pedagogy: Blended Learning/Flipped Classroom on English Language Teaching in Indonesia
Authors: Zuhri Fauris , Setiawan Slamet , Anam Syafi'ul
Published: August 2024

Digital literacy practices are a current issue and exciting topic, mainly for two reasons: many activities are integrated with digital technology, and one of them is English language teaching, which requires technological innovation to improve English language achievement. This study describes how English language teachers can develop and implement digital literacy practices in English classes. Qualitative research is the methodology utilised in this study, employing online interviews and questionnaires as the research tools. The study results show that many participants want to implement digital literacy practices in English classes. They must make digitally comprehensive preparations, practical implementation, and comprehensive assessments. There are some steps to implement digital literacy practices in English language teaching: adoption, adaptation, application, CALL, and MALL. So, English language teachers should follow five steps to implement digital literacy practices in English classes. The five steps are in line with preparation, implementation, and assessment. Digital literacy practices encourage English language teachers to improve and integrate their English language knowledge, skills, and character day by day. Digital literacy practices help English language teachers develop comprehensive preparation, efficient implementation, and comprehensive assessment more efficiently.
Investigating Prospective Teachers’ Competences in Understanding Religious Dimensions in Poetry ‘Perang Pecah Lagi Di Gaza’
Authors: Putri Angela Suryani , Roziah Roziah
Published: August 2024

Religiosity refers to the extent of insight and knowledge one has about their religion, the strength of their belief in carrying out worship and following rules, and the depth of their absorption in their faith. Religiosity can be classified into several dimensions. According to Stark and Glock, these dimensions are divided into five categories: Religious Belief (The Ideological Dimension), Religious Practice (The Ritualistic Dimension), Religious Feeling (The Experiential Dimension), Religious Knowledge (The Intellectual Dimension), and Religious Effect (The Consequential Dimension). This research was conducted to provide an overview of religiosity as depicted in a literary work, a subject that has previously been rarely explored. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out using two techniques: the reading and note-taking technique and a questionnaire. The total number of religiosity dimensions analyzed in this study is 30, drawn from 15 poetry titles. The data reveal that the percentage distribution of religiosity dimensions is as follows: 53% for the belief dimension, 33% for the worship dimension, 10% for the knowledge dimension, 3% for the practice dimension, and 0% for the appreciation dimension. The findings of this study conclude that the belief dimension is the most dominant dimension in the poetry collection ‘Perang Pecah Lagi di Gaza’. Additionally, the study highlights the students' low understanding of exploration activities related to religiosity and its various dimensions.
Exploring Informal Digital Language Learning: How Learning Frequency Counts
Authors: Indrayani Ninuk , Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Mukminatien Nur , Ivone Francisca Maria
Published: August 2024

Facing globalization era, students tend to learn English informally. However, among the enormous studies on the use of informal learning, it was still inconclusive whether the time spent students dealt with their gadget really connected to English proficiency. This paper examines informal learning frequency in the area of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), particularly its contribution to students’ English proficiency. The study focuses on the discussions of time spent that students engage through English learning by the navigation of the digital application as part of informal learning. Correlation study was employed as the research design by collecting the data from 302 Indonesian university students through a survey. The findings showed positive yet low level of correlation, but reflect a description that students who preserve more time in the informal learning engagements made better improvement to English proficiency. The results of the study convinced that the frequent engagement with high agency of learning goal commitment is essential for achieving better English proficiency. Additionally, it adds an insight into how informal learning high frequency can make a unique contribution to EFL learners’ overall English outcomes and determine how teachers can provide necessary support to acknowledge the emerging progress of technology in education and modify their classroom practice through technology-enhanced language teaching with the intention of encouraging students’ autonomous learning with technology into language learning opportunities outside the classroom in order to enrich pedagogical insight of how informal digital learning can complement in-class and out-of-class learning.
Exploring the Teaching Assistance Program Implementation and Value Conversion of Language and Social Science Education Students
Authors: Sibua Sulami , Muhammad Darlisa , Ruslan Hasnur
Published: August 2024

The teaching assistance activities in teacher education colleges are intended to train students early on to understand the real learning process in schools. They are guided by teachers in schools to experience and observe all teacher activities in the school. Therefore, the research aims to describe the conditions of the implementation of teaching assistance for students majoring in Language Education and Social Science Education at educational units in the city of Ternate. The research issues are focused on problems in the implementation of teaching assistance activities and the compatibility of program application with credit hours conversion and the grades programmed by students. The method used is a case study with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation conducted at the educational units where teaching assistance is implemented in Ternate, as well as the Coordinator of the Indonesian Language, English Language Education, and IPS Education programs for the 2022-2023 academic year. In addition to the faculty team, students majoring in Indonesian Language Education are involved in this research. The research results show that: first, teaching assistance is very important to be carried out so that students can directly master various teaching skills and the programmed courses, as there is thorough preparation by students, mentor teachers, and supervising faculty. Second, the conversion of grades from student programs shows a similarity in the assessment process according to the guidelines and detailed assessment rubrics in line with the learning outcomes of the courses programmed by students. Third, due to strict control, every implementation of the teaching assistance program is carried out well, and program participants are enthusiastic about participating in teaching assistance for the completion of their studies with maximum quality.
EFL Learners' Attitudes on the Use of ICT-Based Learning as Efforts in Improving English Language Achievement
Authors: Fadillah Ega Nur , Widiastuti Sri , Sulaeman Dedi , Sugiartini Pegi , Setiawan Dedy
Published: August 2024

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) hold substantial promise for enhancing language acquisition. Integrating ICT into educational settings presents novel avenues for tailored learning experiences. This study seeks to investigate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' perceptions regarding the efficacy of ICT-driven learning methods in bolstering English proficiency. Data were gathered via a comprehensive literature review. Employing qualitative study, researchers conducted a thorough examination of learners' perspectives and attitudes within classroom contexts. Analysis of these attitudes illuminated shifts in learners' perceptions and facilitated the identification of potential pedagogical enhancements. Findings underscored the transformative impact of ICT on learner attitudes, particularly within classroom dynamics. Moreover, the research demonstrated notable advancements in students' English language competencies. However, it emphasizes the importance of vigilant monitoring and instruction by educators to ensure responsible ICT utilization.
International Students Experiences and Identity Development while Joining Study in Indonesia: Narrative Inquiry in Magister Study Level
Authors: Mustagis R. Muhammad Satria Gyas , Sukarno Sukarno
Published: August 2024

International students choose Indonesia as a destination for their studies for various reasons, and they face unique challenges while studying abroad in the country. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of master's students who participate in study abroad programs in Indonesia. By understanding these experiences, the study aims to provide insights that can enhance the support and structure of such programs. To achieve this, the researchers employed a narrative inquiry methodology, focusing on the stories of two international participants in the program. This approach allows for an in-depth understanding of the participants' personal experiences and the meaning they derive from them. Through the analysis of their narratives, the study highlights the value of studying overseas for a student’s overall development. The findings emphasize that studying abroad in Indonesia offers significant benefits, contributing to the students' personal and academic growth. The experiences shared by the participants reveal how they navigated the cultural, social, and academic challenges encountered during their time in Indonesia. These challenges, while initially daunting, ultimately contributed to their resilience and adaptability. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of international study programs in fostering global understanding and cooperation. By sharing the narratives of the international participants, the research highlights both the challenges and the profound benefits of studying abroad. These insights are crucial for universities aiming to provide enriching and supportive study abroad experiences that contribute to the personal and professional development of their students.
The Effect of ChatGPT-Based Project-Based Learning Model and Digital Literacy on News Text Writing Skills
Authors: Mukhlis Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Through conventional learning, learning news text writing skills is still oriented towards completing tasks given by the teacher. In addition, the teacher's role in learning is more dominant so that students have very little opportunity to explore their abilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how project-based learning using ChatGPT and digital literacy affect students' learning outcomes related to news text writing skills. Furthermore, this study aims to investigate how digital literacy and the ChatGPT-based project-based learning model interact to influence news text writing skills. This study, which used an experimental design with an independent samples test and an ANOVA 2-way analysis, demonstrates that using the ChatGPT-based project-based learning model greatly enhances the capacity to produce news articles. The tcount value of 4.025 > ttable 1.672 and the sig value of 0.000 < 0.05, which indicate that Ha is accepted, support this. However, with the value of Fo(P*L) 0.248 and sig value 0.621 > 0.05, indicating that Ha is rejected, there is no interaction between the ChatGPT-based project-based learning model and digital literacy in influencing the capacity to create news material. The results of this test provide an assumption that between the ChatGPT-based project-based learning model and digital literacy skills do not jointly influence the learning outcomes of the ability to write news texts. This means that it is necessary to consider various factors that influence student learning success, both in the context of digital literacy and psychological factors that play an important role in the development of news text writing skills. This study adds significantly to our understanding of the efficacy and ramifications of the ChatGPT-based project-based learning model. It also emphasizes the significance of a comprehensive strategy for fostering students' news text writing abilities.
ESOL Learners’ Emotional Responses to the Covid-19 Remote Learning Transition: The Influence of Age, Gender, and Language Proficiency
Authors: Alomari Iyad
Published: August 2024

The compelled transition of ESOL services to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented learning challenges for learners and instructors, with relatively unexplored psychological impacts. Recognizing and understanding learners’ emotions can assist ESOL teachers, administrators, and students to develop adapted methods and techniques to improve students’ mental health and social-emotional learning, thereby facilitating the learning process. Few studies have investigated ESOL students’ emotional reactions to the transition to remote learning due to the pandemic. This quantitative study provides insight into 156 ESOL learners’ perspectives on their emotional responses to the transition to online learning instructions during COVID-19 school closures. This will help to understand what enhances learners’ success or academic issues to be addressed concerning English skills acquisition. This study seeks to understand learners’ metacognitive challenges and emotional stressors experienced when participating in synchronous online learning during the COVID-19 transition. It also examines factors such as gender, age, and English language proficiency that might affect learners’ attitudes and perceptions of their emotional reactions to the unplanned and quick transitions during the pandemic. College and university students in the US were invited to participate in a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The findings inform suggested recommendations and implications for improving ESOL synchronous online praxis and creating motivational online learning spaces to support learners’ mental health and learning outcomes.
The Influence of Discovery Learning Methods and Reading Interest on the Writing Skills of Explanatory Texts
Authors: Prima Suci Septa , Abdurahman Abdurahman
Published: August 2024

Discovery learning is considered an effective educational method that can engage students and enhance their reading and writing skills. This method encourages students to develop a greater interest in reading and provides ample opportunities for practicing writing exercises. The discovery learning approach engages students by offering them relevant material to use in their writing, thus making the learning process more interactive and meaningful. This study aims to explore several key aspects of the discovery learning method. First, it examines the influence of discovery learning methods compared to conventional learning models on students' writing skills. Second, it investigates the effect of the discovery learning method on writing skills specifically for students with high reading interest. Third, it looks into the impact of the discovery learning method on students with low reading interest. Lastly, the study aims to understand the interaction between the discovery learning method and students' reading interest in enhancing writing skills. The research was conducted as a quasi-experiment, utilizing a purposive sampling technique to select participants. The samples included students from class XI TPB and XI TPE. The findings of the research revealed that the explanatory writing skills of students taught using the discovery learning method were significantly higher than those of students taught using conventional models, regardless of their level of reading interest. Furthermore, the study identified an interaction between the discovery learning method and reading interest, indicating that this method is particularly effective in improving explanatory text writing skills among students with varying levels of reading interest.
Uji Perlakuan Irisan Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica) Terhadap Penyusutan Luka Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio) (Kajian Eksperimen Biologi)
Authors: Ar Rahmah Mumtazunnisa As Sufiyah , Sjakoer Nour Athiroh Abdoes , Hayati Ari
Published: August 2024

Mimba adalah tanaman yang sangat berpotensial untuk dikembangkan pada saat ini, disebabkan mimba memiliki potensi besar untuk pengendalian hama, perlindungan terhadap lingkungan dan dalam bidang pengobatan. Azadirachta indica merupakan tanaman yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi karena dapat digunakan sebagai obat â€“ obatan. Dalam beberapa tahun yang lalu ikan zebra sering digunakan sebagai organisme model percobaan dalam ilmu bidang biomedis, hal ini karena ikan zebra memiliki anatomi dan proses fisiologis yang sama dengan vertebrata yang lainnya. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya mimba mengandung senyawa yaitu flavonoid, tanin, saponin, terpenoid, alkaloid, asam lemak, steroid dan triterpenoid. Tujuan dari penelian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemberian daun mimba (Azadirachta indica) terhadap penyembuhan luka zebrafish (Danio rerio). Jumlah hewan uji adalah 28 ekor ikan zebra dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok.. Kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol, kelompok 2, 3 dan 4 sebagai perlakuan. Daun mimba di iris kemudian di taburkan ke dalam aquarium yang telah berisi ikan zebra yang terluka. Dilihat perubahan luka selama 7 hari. Dihitung dan di analisis rata â€“ rata perubahan luka ikan zebra, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA menggunakan JAMOVI. Hasil dari penelitian ini penyusutan luka ikan zebra (Danio rerio) dengan rata â€“ rata penyusutan luka sebanyak 0,0486 cm pada perlakuan kontrol, rata â€“ rata penyusutan ukuran luka pada perlakuan P1 sebanyak 0,1429 cm, rata â€“ rata penyusutan ukuran luka pada perlakuan P2 sebanyak 0,1571 cm, rata â€“ rata penyusutan ukuran luka pada  perlakuan P3 sebanayak 0,1714 cm, memiliki nilai yang beda nyata. Sehingga IDM dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap penyusutan luka ikan zebra.
Identifikasi Mikroplastik di Sungai Ngrowo, Tulungagung
Authors: Kartikasari Desi , Zunisnaini Zunisnaini , Nurdianyoto Indra
Published: August 2024

Mikroplastik merupakan polimer organik sintetik dengan rentang ukuran antara 0.001-5 mm. Keberadaan mikroplastik yang tersebar di lingkungan menjadi berbahaya terhadap ekosistem alami dan manusia serta memberikan dampak yang merugikan bagi organisme akuatik. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik di Sungai Ngrowo Tulungagung. Pengambilan sampel air sungai dilakukan di 3 lokasi antara lain utara kota, pusat kota dan selatan kota. Tahapan penelitian dimulai dari pengukuran faktor abiotik air sungai kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengambilan sampel, penyaringan dan pengeringan sampel, pemurnian dan pemisahan partikel mikroplastik dan pengamatan dengan menggunakan mikroskop stereo. Jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan antara lain fragmen, fiber, filamen, granula dan foam dengan rerata total kelimpahan paling banyak terdapat di pusat kota sebesar 13,450 partikel.(m3)-1. Warna mikroplastik yang ditemukan antara lain biru gelap, transparan, coklat, putih, hitam, abu-abu dan merah dengan jumlah yang paling banyak adalah warna biru gelap. Mikroplastik diketahui berasal dari limpasan partikel plastik dari jalan, degradasi plastik dari limbah rumah tangga, industri dan aktivitas antropogenik lainnya.
PERFORMANCE OF THE YOLOV5 ALGORITHM TO DETECT HUMANS IN THE REAR EXCAVATOR AREA
Authors: Syifa' Hanna Naili , Nugroho Anan
Published: August 2024

Work involving excavators carries a high risk of accidents that can result in fatalities, making Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) critically important. Most excavator accidents are caused by blind spots at the rear, where the operator's limited field of view increases the risk of hitting nearby objects or workers. Despite safety features such as reverse alarms and rear cameras, these technologies only display real-time video without automatically detecting workers, thus still posing a significant risk. This study aims to develop a human detection system for the rear area of excavators using the YOLOv5 algorithm based on image processing. The system's main features include real-time human detection, distance estimation, and audible warnings if a human is detected within a high-risk distance. The system was tested using three video recordings depicting human objects behind the excavator in different scenarios. Despite the limited number of video samples, the human objects provided sufficient complexity to evaluate the system's effectiveness. The test results showed an average accuracy of 80.5% and an F1-score of 87.78%. These findings indicate that the YOLOv5-based detection system performs well in various video conditions and shows potential effectiveness in real operational situations. Consequently, this system is expected to reduce the risk of work accidents with excavators caused by rear blind spots and improve on-site worker safety. This research contributes to the field of occupational safety by integrating image processing algorithms into the development of heavy equipment safety technology, thereby enhancing worker protection.
Seeing Others: Ethics of Ghost Narrative in Sinophone Hong Kong Literature
Authors: Chao Di-kai , Moratto Riccardo
Published: August 2024

Inspired by the Sinophone discourse on translocality, this paper analyzes Mak Shu Kin's novella “Slow and Long Night” ( Manman changye, 2019), Tse Hiu-Hung's short story “The Umbrellaless Ghost” ( Wu zhe gui, 2015), and Tse's novella “The City of Dissipating Streams” ( Shi shui liu cheng, 2020). We analyze how ghosts in Mak's text become symbolic of the characters trying to survive in a translocal context, while in Tse's work, they express the significance of a community through différance and magical realism. We argue that these texts represent a new generation of Hong Kong writers who, through Hong Kong's Sinophone “situatedness,” resort to ghost narratives to respond to an ethical commitment to the Other and a sense of community, thus enabling Hong Kong literature studies to move beyond the framework of “déjà disparu” or “anti-incorporation.”
Exploring Stochastic Mean Curvature Flow Using Ito Calculus
Authors: Bahadursingh Roman
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we investigate the stochastic mean curvature flow (SMCF) on networks, a niche area within stochastic processes and geometric anal- ysis. By applying Ito calculus, we analyze the evolution of network struc- tures influenced by random perturbations. We derive a stochastic differ- ential equation (SDE) for the network edges and utilize numerical simula- tions to study the stability, long-term behavior, and pattern formation in these systems. Our results offer new insights into the dynamics of com- plex networks under stochastic influences and open pathways for future research in stochastic geometry.
Three-dimensional printed models as an effective tool for the management of complex congenital heart disease
Authors: Capellini Katia , Ait-Ali Lamia , Pak Vitali , Cantinotti Massimiliano , Murzi Michele , Vignali Emanuele , Fanni Benigno Marco , Clemente Alberto , Celi Simona , Gasparotti Emanuele
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Three-dimensional printed models are widely used in the medical field for surgical and interventional planning. In the context of complex cardiovascular defects such as pediatric congenital heart diseases (CHDs), the adoption of 3D printed models could be an effective tool to improve decision-making. In this paper, an investigation was conducted into the characteristics of 3D printed models and their added value in understanding and managing complex pediatric congenital heart disease, also considering the associated cost.

Methods

Volumetric MRI and CT images of subjects with complex CHDs were retrospectively segmented, and the associated 3D models were reconstructed. Different 3D printing technologies and materials were evaluated to obtain the 3D printed models of cardiac structures. An evaluation of time and costs associated with the 3D printing procedure was also provided. A two-level 3D printed model assessment was carried out to investigate the most suitable 3D printing technology for the management of complex CHDs and the effectiveness of 3D printed models in the pre-surgical planning and surgical strategies’ simulations.

Results

Among the different techniques, selective laser sintering resulted to be the most suitable due to its reduced time and cost and for the positive clinical feedback (procedure simulation, surface finish, and reproduction of details).

Conclusion

The adoption of 3D printed models contributes as an effective tool in the management of complex CHDs, enabling planning and simulations of surgical procedures in a safer way.
Extraction and characterization of natural fibers from Pulicaria gnaphalodes plant and effect of alkali treatment on their physicochemical and antioxidant properties
Authors: Alsafran Mohammed , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar , Haneesh Julna Mohammed , Kasote Deepak M.
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to extract and characterize natural fibers from Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. plants and assess the impact of alkali treatment on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of these fibers. Fibers were extracted from dried P. gnaphalodes aerial parts by grinding with an average yield of 18.1%. Physicochemical and FTIR analysis revealed that the hemicellulose was mostly lost during alkali treatment. Results of the X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the crystallinity and thermal stability of P. gnaphalodes fibers were considerably increased after alkali treatment. In antioxidant activity assessment studies, raw fibers of P. gnaphalodes showed significantly higher radical scavenging and reducing power potentials compared to the alkali-treated samples, indicating that the majority of antioxidant components such as lignin and other polyphenols were lost from P. gnaphalodes fibers during alkali treatment. In conclusion, the promising antioxidant activity of raw P. gnaphalodes can be utilized in developing functional materials, particularly for cosmetic and wound healing applications.
Highly thermostable RhB@Zr-Eddc for the selective sensing of nitrofurazone and efficient white light emitting diode
Authors: Shen Yanqiong , Ma Di , Zhao Mian , Qian Jinjie , Li Qipeng
Published: August 2024

Highly thermostable RhB@Zr-Eddc composites with the Rhodamine B (RhB) enclosed into the nanocages of Zr-Eddc was synthesized by one-pot method under hydrothermal conditions, whose structure, morphology and stability were characterized through the X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). RhB@Zr-Eddc showed the highly thermal stability up to 550°C and emitted the bright red-light emission at 605 nm, which could highly selective detect the nitrofurazone (NFZ) among eleven other antibiotics in aqueous solution. Furthermore, via combining the RhB@Zr-Eddc with commercial green phosphor (Y3Al5O12:Ce3+, Ga3+), the mixture was encapsulated onto a 455 nm blue LED chip, creating an ex-cellent white light emitting diode (WLED) device with the correlated colour temperature (CCT) of 4710 K, luminous efficiency (LE) of 43.17 lm/w and Color Rendering Index (CRI) of 89.2.
Association between hibernating myocardium and collateral circulation in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion
Authors: Liu Yaqi , Chen Yongjun , Zhang Feifei , Liu Bao , Wang Jianfeng , Xu Mei , Wang Yuetao , Shao Xiaoliang
Published: August 2024

Objective

To explore the association between the quantity of hibernating myocardium (HM) and collateral circulation in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO).

Materials and methods

88 CTO patients were retrospectively analyzed who underwent evaluation for HM using both 99mTc-sestamibi Single photon emission computed tomography (99mTc-MIBI SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) combined with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) myocardial metabolism imaging (MMI). They were divided into two groups according Rentrop grading: the poorly/well-developed collateral circulation group (PD/WD group, Rentrop grades 0–1/2–3). After adjusting for the potential confounding factors and conducting a stratified analysis, we explored the association between the HM index within CTO region and the grading of collateral circulation.

Results

In the WD group, the HM index was notably higher than PD group (46.2 ± 15.7% vs. 20.9 ± 16.7%, P < 0.001). When dividing the HM index into tertiles and after adjusting for potential confounders, we observed that the proportion of patients with WD rose as the HM index increased (OR: 1.322, 95% CI: 0.893–1.750, P < 0.001), the proportion of patients with WD was 17.4%, 63.3%, and 88.6% for Tertile 1 to Tertile 3.This increasing trend was statistically significant (OR: 1.369, 95% CI: 0.873–1.864, P < 0.001), especially between Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 (OR: 4.330, 95% CI: 1.459–12.850, P = 0.008). Curve fitting displaying an almost linear positive correlation between the two.

Conclusion

The HM index within CTO region is an independent correlation factor for the grading of coronary collateral circulation. A greater HM index corresponded to an increased likelihood of WD.
CD36 restricts lipid-associated macrophages accumulation in white adipose tissues during atherogenesis
Authors: Chen Vaya , Zhang Jue , Chang Jackie , Beg Mirza Ahmar , Vick Lance , Wang Dandan , Gupta Ankan , Wang Yaxin , Zhang Ziyu , Dai Wen , Kim Mindy , Song Shan , Pereira Duane , Zheng Ze , Sodhi Komal , Shapiro Joseph I. , Silverstein Roy L. , Malarkannan Subramaniam , Chen Yiliang
Published: August 2024

Visceral white adipose tissues (WAT) regulate systemic lipid metabolism and inflammation. Dysfunctional WAT drive chronic inflammation and facilitate atherosclerosis. Adipose tissue-associated macrophages (ATM) are the predominant immune cells in WAT, but their heterogeneity and phenotypes are poorly defined during atherogenesis. The scavenger receptor CD36 mediates ATM crosstalk with other adipose tissue cells, driving chronic inflammation. Here, we combined the single-cell RNA sequencing technique with cell metabolic and functional assays on major WAT ATM subpopulations using a diet-induced atherosclerosis mouse model (Apoe-null). We also examined the role of CD36 using Apoe/Cd36 double-null mice. Based on transcriptomics data and differential gene expression analysis, we identified a previously undefined group of ATM displaying low viability and high lipid metabolism and labeled them as “unhealthy macrophages”. Their phenotypes suggest a subpopulation of ATM under lipid stress. We also identified lipid-associated macrophages (LAM), which were previously described in obesity. Interestingly, LAM increased 8.4-fold in Apoe/Cd36 double-null mice on an atherogenic diet, but not in Apoe-null mice. The increase in LAM was accompanied by more ATM lipid uptake, reduced adipocyte hypertrophy, and less inflammation. In conclusion, CD36 mediates a delicate balance between lipid metabolism and inflammation in visceral adipose tissues. Under atherogenic conditions, CD36 deficiency reduces inflammation and increases lipid metabolism in WAT by promoting LAM accumulation.
Multidimensional evaluation and service strategy analysis of hazard warning and risk reduction
Authors: Cao Zhiyu , Wang Jiahe , Liu Yingjie , Zhao Jingjing , Song Yingying , Zhao Boting
Published: August 2024

To refine the meteorological warning service for decision makers and enhance their role in disaster risk reduction, this paper puts forward the efficiency index for warning on disaster risk reduction by analyzing meteorological warnings. The influence factors of the index are investigated, and an index calculation model is established by using Grey relation analysis. The weights of the evaluation factors are determined by entropy weight method to quantify the efficiency of warning. Additionally, the reminder strength of different warning delivery methods to decision makers is studied, and a refined delivery strategy tree for warnings to decision makers is established based on the efficiency index and reminder strength of delivery means. The proposed strategy has been applied to the warning service system in Fujian Province. Results show that its implementation has improved the efficiency of warning dissemination and reduced delivery warning costs.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of energy sustainability measures through the dynamic energy consumption model
Authors: Fortea Costinela , Cristea Dragos Sebastian , Zlati Monica Laura , Antohi Valentin Marian , Neculita Mihaela , Cristache Nicoleta , Lazarescu Ioana
Published: August 2024

The current context of economic development requires paying close attention to the energy industry. Since 2022, European countries has been facing specific problems due to energy crises against the background of the geopolitical conflict and the measures provided by European forums in order to reduce dependence on energy imports from Russia. In this context, we aim to define a new model of energy consumption and the function of energy sustainability at the European level, aspects that will lead to highlighting the position of the 27 European member states in the period 2005–2022 in terms of their energy sustainability. The methodology used is based on the study of literature, the consolidation of databases, econometric modelling, and procedures for testing the validity of modelling results. The results of the study are useful to European energy policy decision-makers in view of the necessary adjustments to achieve the objectives of the 2030 and 2050 Agenda.
Study on mining wind information for identifying potential offshore wind farms using deep learning
Authors: Zhang Jiahui , Zhang Tao , Li Yixuan , Bai Xiang , Chang Longwen
Published: August 2024

The global energy demand is increasing due to climate changes and carbon usages. Accumulating evidences showed energy sources using offshore wind from the sea can be added to increase our consumption capacity in long term. In addition, building offshore wind farms can also be environmentally advantageous compared to onshore farms. The assessment of wind energy resources is crucial for the site selection of wind farms. Currently, short-term wind forecast models have been developed to predict the wind power generation. However, methods are needed to improve the forecasting accuracy for ever-changing weather data. So, we try to use deep learning methods to predict long-term wind energy for identifying potential offshore wind farms. The experimental results indicate that PredRNN++ prediction model designed from the spatiotemporal perspective is feasible to evaluate long-term wind energy resources and has better performance than traditional LSTM.
The effects of grazing and the meteorologic factors on wind-sand flux in the desert steppe
Authors: Meng Biao , Gao Cuiping , Lv Shijie , Han Guodong , Li Zhiguo , Li Junran , Wu Qian , Zhang Feng
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Affected by global climate warming and changing rainfall patterns, the degree of soil desiccation in arid grasslands has increased and soil wind erosion has become a major environmental concern. Understanding and controlling the characteristics of sand flux and wind erosion caused by the degradation of grassland vegetation, as well as their changing patterns, has become a top priority in combating grassland degradation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to clarify the extent of wind erosion in desert grasslands and its influencing factors in order to provide a theoretical basis and data support for the restoration of grassland vegetation and the sustainable development of grassland livestock production.

Methods: Use of SAS and Origin statistical software to perform multifactorial analysis of variance on variables such as year, stocking rate, meteorological conditions and wind-sand flux to determine the degree of influence of different factors on sand flux and the magnitude of interactions among different factors.

Results and discussion: The results showed that wind-sand flux was higher when rainfall was low and stocking intensity was high. Specifically, the wind-sand flux increased by 50.3% and 83.6% in the moderate and high grazing treatments, respectively, compared to the control. The data obtained also showed that there was a significant interaction between climate and grazing intensity, suggesting that an increase in one factor may attenuate the differences in wind-sand flux at different levels of other factors. There is likely to be a threshold effect of stocking rate of moderate grazing on the variation of wind-sand flux influenced by different factors. In summary, the factors affecting wind-sand flux in the arid desert steppe are numerous and complex, with stocking rates below moderate grazing being key to reducing wind-sand flux.