bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Willingness of Doctors to Adopt Artificial Intelligence–Driven Clinical Decision Support Systems at Different Hospitals in China: Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Survey Data (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Zhongguang , Hu Ning , Zhao Qiuyi , Hu Xiang , Jia Cunbo , Zhang Chunyu , Liu Bing , Li Yanping
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence–driven clinical decision support systems (AI-CDSSs) are pivotal tools for doctors to improve diagnostic and treatment processes, as well as improve the efficiency and quality of health care services. However, not all doctors trust artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and many remain skeptical and unwilling to adopt these systems.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore in depth the factors influencing doctors’ willingness to adopt AI-CDSSs and assess the causal relationships among these factors to gain a better understanding for promoting the clinical application and widespread implementation of these systems.

METHODS

Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework, we have proposed and designed a framework for doctors’ willingness to adopt AI-CDSSs. We conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey in China and performed fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to explore the willingness of doctors to adopt AI-CDSSs in different types of medical institutions and assess the factors influencing their willingness.

RESULTS

The survey was administered to doctors working in tertiary hospitals and primary/secondary hospitals across China. We received 450 valid responses out of 578 questionnaires distributed, indicating a robust response rate of 77.9%. Our analysis of the influencing factors and adoption pathways revealed that doctors in tertiary hospitals exhibited 6 distinct pathways for AI-CDSS adoption, which were centered on technology-driven pathways, individual-driven pathways, and technology-individual dual-driven pathways. Doctors in primary/secondary hospitals demonstrated 3 adoption pathways, which were centered on technology-individual and organization-individual dual-driven pathways. There were commonalities in the factors influencing adoption across different medical institutions, such as the positive perception of AI technology’s utility and individual readiness to try new technologies. There were also variations in the influence of facilitating conditions among doctors at different medical institutions, especially primary/secondary hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

From the perspective of the 6 pathways for doctors at tertiary hospitals and the 3 pathways for doctors at primary/secondary hospitals, performance expectancy and personal innovativeness were 2 indispensable and core conditions in the pathways to achieving favorable willingness to adopt AI-CDSSs.
Impact of Skin Pigmentation on Pulse Oximetry Blood Oxygenation and Wearable Pulse Rate Accuracy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Singh Sanidhya , Bennett Miles Romney , Chen Chen , Shin Sooyoon , Ghanbari Hamid , Nelson Benjamin W
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a technology routinely used in clinical practice to assess blood oxygenation (SpO2) and pulse rate (PR). Skin pigmentation may influence accuracy, leading to health outcomes disparities.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review and meta-analysis primarily aimed to evaluate the accuracy of PPG-derived SpO2 and PR by skin pigmentation. Secondarily, we aimed to evaluate statistical biases and the clinical relevance of PPG-derived SpO2 and PR according to skin pigmentation.

METHODS

We identified 23 pulse oximetry studies (n=59,684; 197,353 paired SpO2-arterial blood observations) and 4 wearable PR studies (n=176; 140,771 paired PPG-electrocardiography observations). We evaluated accuracy according to skin pigmentation group by comparing SpO2 accuracy root-mean-square values to the regulatory threshold of 3% and PR 95% limits of agreement values to +5 or –5 beats per minute (bpm), according to the standards of the American National Standards Institute, Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, and the International Electrotechnical Commission. We evaluated biases and clinical relevance using mean bias and 95% CI.

RESULTS

For SpO2, accuracy root-mean-square values were 3.96%, 4.71%, and 4.15%, and pooled mean biases were 0.70% (95% CI 0.17%-1.22%), 0.27% (95% CI –0.64% to 1.19%), and 1.27% (95% CI 0.58%-1.95%) for light, medium, and dark pigmentation, respectively. For PR, 95% limits of agreement values were from –16.02 to 13.54, from –18.62 to 16.84, and from –33.69 to 32.54, and pooled mean biases were –1.24 (95% CI –5.31 to 2.83) bpm, –0.89 (95% CI –3.70 to 1.93) bpm, and –0.57 (95% CI –9.44 to 8.29) bpm for light, medium, and dark pigmentation, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

SpO2 and PR measurements may be inaccurate across all skin pigmentation groups, breaching U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidance and industry standard thresholds. Pulse oximeters significantly overestimate SpO2 for both light and dark skin pigmentation, but this overestimation may not be clinically relevant. PRs obtained from wearables exhibit no statistically or clinically significant bias based on skin pigmentation.
Formas de resistencia a la transición agroecológica en un contexto de modernización agroalimentaria en Jala, Nayarit
Authors: De Dios Hernández Dagoberto
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: documentar las formas de resistencia de las familias campesinas en el proceso de transición agroecológica en un contexto dominado por la modernización agroalimentaria en la región de Jala, Nayarit. Metodología: se recurrió a la perspectiva orientada al actor y a una etnografía apoyada en diarios, reportes de campo, observación directa y participativa y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados: las formas de resistencia identificadas se organizaron en un modelo y en una matriz de análisis multidimensional. Las más importantes son el desinterés y el escepticismo hacia la agroecología, la poca participación, la dependencia de los agrotóxicos, las lógicas productivistas y asistencialistas, las rivalidades, los conflictos y la desconfianza entre las familias participantes y hacia con otras al interior de la comunidad. Valor: la contribución empírica al estudio de las formas de resistencia mediante un proyecto de investigación en curso. Limitaciones: falta explicar cómo se han resuelto las resistencias a la transición agroecológica. Conclusiones: las resistencias encontradas constituyen una especie de ruptura metabólica considerada por el autor como intoxicación social y penalización de la naturaleza.
Los propietarios blancos de Saint Domingue, de habitants a émigrés. Su éxodo hacia el Santo Domingo español, 1789-1793
Authors: Murgueitio Manrique Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2024

Como consecuencia del estallido de la Revolución Francesa, en Saint Domingue se produjo una guerra civil de tipo racial, particular y única en el Caribe francés, que involucró a los propietarios blancos o habitants y a los mulatos gens de couleur, también dueños de la tierra y los esclavos. Fue entonces cuando las familias precavidas de la élite colonial abandonaron sus residencias y se mudaron al lado español, llevando consigo algunos capitales y esclavos domésticos. El flujo de émigrés incrementó en agosto de 1791 debido al levantamiento de los esclavos de la Provincia del Norte y, desde marzo de 1793, se dio como resultado del conflicto internacional provocado por el regicidio de Luis XVI y la confrontación entre los reductos republicanos y las fuerzas de ocupación españolas e inglesas. Este artículo explica con detalle y analiza los antecedentes, las causas del éxodo de los propietarios blancos o habitants y los motivos que los llevaron a abandonar su patria, convertirse en emigrantes, buscar refugio en el Santo Domingo español y hasta enlistarse en los ejércitos del rey español con tal de combatir a la República Francesa y su revolución.
La viuda migrante de Zahlé y sus hijos: migración árabe a Barranquilla, Colombia, 1900-1945
Authors: De Moya-Guerra Laura
Published: June 2024

Amelia Zathar de Traad una mujer viuda y madre de seis hijos dejó su pueblo natal Zahlé en el Líbano para migrar hacia Barranquilla, Colombia. Pronto sus hijos constituyeron una sociedad comercial que se concentró en los negocios de los bienes raíces, el préstamo de dinero y las acciones. El estudio de caso de Amelia y su familia permite ampliar el limitado perfil sobre los inmigrantes árabes construido por la historiografía, descritos como hombres jóvenes solteros que se dedicaron principalmente a la compra y venta de mercancías. Este artículo revisa los protocolos notariales y demuestra que no todos los inmigrantes árabes que llegaron a Colombia fueron hombres ni se dedicaron al comercio.
MediAssist: Self Diagnosing Assistance
Authors: Reddy K. Vikram
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Despite the availability of advanced technology and easy access to information, many people still rely on traditional methods of seeking medical treatment, such as visiting hospitals and consulting doctors for even minor symptoms. However, this approach can be time-consuming and inefficient, as patients with minor illnesses can take up valuable resources that could be better used to treat more serious cases. As a result, this research proposes a new approach to disease prediction using machine learning. The goal is to develop a predictive model that can accurately identify potential diseases based on a patient's health parameters such as pulse rate, Cholesterol, Blood Pressure etc. Medical records to train and test the model, which demonstrated high accuracy in predicting diseases. This paper uses the machine learning algorithms for predicting chronic disease based on user-provided input data. Its primary goal is to enhance early disease detection and prompt medical intervention using personalized predictions. By training models on relevant datasets, accurate predictions are achieved across various diseases, expanding our understanding and predictive capabilities in healthcare The results of this study suggest that the proposed model could be a useful tool for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases, with the potential to improve healthcare outcomes. Through data-driven insights, this tool aids in reducing medical costs by enabling early intervention and proactive management of medical conditions. Overall, this study highlights the potential of model in healthcare for disease pre-diction and underscores its role in advancing personalized medicine and improving clinical decision-making
Flipped Voltage Follower based LDOs for Precise Clocking Circuits: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hegde Chinmay D
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This work presents a comparative study between basic Flipped Voltage Follower (FVF), Cascoded FVF (CAFVF) and Buffered FVF (BFVF) Low Dropout Regulators (LDO) along with simulation results in tsmcN40 PDK.The designs support a load current of 5u-10mA with a on-chip capacitive load of 100fF, for a dropout of 700 mV (From 1.8V to 1.1V). This work also employs both miller conmpensation and non-dominant pole cancellation techniques in BFVF to get better phase margin and PSRR. Line regulation of 3.3 mV/V and load regulation of 20.4 uV/mA was obtained for 10mA load current, with less than 0.5 uS response time in BFVF.
JOHN WİLLİAMS’IN KLASİK GİTAR İCRASINDAKİ BAZI YAKLAŞIMLARIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Alyörük Güray
Published: June 2024

Bu makalede klasik gitar virtüözü John Williams'ın icrası, algılanması ve iletişimine ilişkin kararlarının çoğunun temelini oluşturan felsefe ve tutumları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu tutumlar klasik gitar icrasında bir dizi değişikliğe yol açmıştır. Williams’ın yoğun ilgi ve incelemeye konu olan klasik gitarı icrası ve yaklaşımı çoğu zaman tartışılmaktadır. Ancak, teknik yeteneğinin kariyeri boyunca bu kadar göze çarpmasına rağmen, Williams'ın gitar çalma stili, pratik yönleri ve klasik gitar kültürü üzerindeki geniş etkisi yadsınamaz. John Williams'ın klasik gitara yaklaşımı renkli ve geniş kapsamlı olmuştur. Solo ve oda müziği veya orkestra ile çalarken mikrofon kullanımı, gitar eğitmenliği ve icra pratiğinin yönleri hakkındaki düşünceleri de incelenmiştir. Enstrümanıyla olan ilişkisi, kendini her zaman açık ve etkili bir şekilde ifade etmeye çalıştığı için müziği yorumlama yaklaşımına benzemektedir. Koşulların, uygun olmadığı durumlarda, bu koşulları değiştirmeye veya iyileştirmeye karar vermiştir. Bu değişiklikler diğer klasik gitaristler tarafından dirençle karşılanmıştır. rneğin amplifikatör ve mikrofon kullanımı meselesi, ancak o eylemlerinde kesin ve kararlı olmuştur. Dahası, bu hedeflere ulaşmak için çabalarken, modern klasik gitar icrasının birçok önemli yönünü kökten değiştirmiştir.
FÜTÜRİST ÖZELLİKLERİN 21. YÜZYIL GRAFİK TASARIMINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Özdal Mehmet Akif , Bulut Şükran
Published: June 2024

Grafik tasarım, sürekli gelişen teknoloji ve sanat anlayışıyla birlikte devamlılıklı bir dönüşüm geçiriyor. Bu çalışma, 21. yüzyılın başında ortaya çıkan ve grafik tasarımın geleceğini biçimlendiren fütüristik teknolojilerin derinlemesine analizini ele alır. Bu teknolojiler, dört ana unsur üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir: artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik teknolojileri, yapay zeka ve otomatizasyon sistemleri, hareketli grafik tasarımı ve veri görselleştirme.
Artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik teknolojileri, grafik tasarımın gerçekle hayal arasında bir köprü kurma potansiyeli nedeniyle ilk olarak incelenmiştir.
Yapay Zeka ve Otomatizasyon Sistemleri, İkinci unsur olarak incelenmiştir. Grafik tasarım süreçlerini daha verimli hale getirirken, tasarımcılara yaratıcılık ve özgürlük sunar.
Hareketli grafik tasarımı, üçüncü unsur olarak incelenmiştir. Hareketli grafikler, kullanıcıları derinlemesine etkileyebilen ve hikaye anlatma kapasitesi olan güçlü bir araçtır.
Son olarak, veri görselleştirme ve bilgi grafiklerindeki fütüristik yeniliklere değinilmiştir. Karmaşık veri setlerini ve bilgi yapılarını anlaşılır ve erişilebilir hale getirmek, bilgi çağında büyük bir öneme sahiptir.
Bu dört ana unsur, grafik tasarımının dönüşümünde kilit rol oynamıştır ve ilerideki teknolojik ilerlemeler, bu etkileri daha da artıracaktır. Bu durum, hem tasarımcılar hem de kullanıcılar için heyecan verici ve ilham kaynağı olacak bir süreçtir. Çalışma, literatür incelemesi ve mantıksal akıl yürütme tekniklerini kullanarak, fütüristik özelliklerin grafik tasarıma getirdiği yenilikler ve etkileri detaylı bir şekilde incelemektedir.
МОНГОЛЫН НИЙГМИЙН ФИЛОСОФИЙН СУДАЛГААГ ТОЙМЛОСОН НЬ
Authors: Ц Нямсүрэн , М Отгонбаяр , Б Дагзмаа
Published: June 2024

Энэхүү судалгаагаар 1990 оноос хойших Монголын нийгмийн философийн судалгаан дахь зорилго, зорилт, онол, арга зүйн хандлага, судалгааны ерөнхий агуулгыг нэгтгэн харуулахыг зорилоо. Ингэхдээ Монгол дахь нийгмийн философийн онцлог шинжийг тодорхойлох, онол арга зүйн хандлагыг багцлан тоймлох, үндсэн сэдэв, агуулгыг ангилан харуулах зорилт дэвшүүлэв. Судалгааны хүрээг философийн салбарт хийгдсэн, нийгмийн философитой холбоотой, 1990 оноос хойших докторын ажил болон тус талбарт шинжлэх ухааны докторын зэрэг хамгаалсан судлаачдын нэгэн сэдэвт бүтээлээр хязгаарлав. Загвар, аргын тухайд харьцуулсан судалгааны загвараар баримтын шинжилгээний фремвок анализын аргыг ашиглан гүйцэтгэлээ.
МОНГОЛЫН НИЙГМИЙН МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЙН ҮЕ ШАТНЫ АСУУДЛААР МАНАЙ ОРОНД ХЭРЭГЖИЖ ИРСЭН СУДАЛГААНЫ ҮР ДҮН
Authors: Д Дашпүрэв
Published: June 2024

Монгол үндэстэн ардчилсан өөрчлөлтийг амжилттай хийсэн нь модернизацийн тухай судлахад чухал суурийг гарган өгч байна. Энэ явцад урган гарч, өөрчлөгдөж буй Монголын модернизацийн талаарх үзэл баримтлалууд ба өөрчлөгдөж буй нөхцөл байдлын тухай уг өгүүлэлд авч үзнэ. Зөвлөлm Холбоот Улс ба Дэлхийн Социалист Тогтолцоо унаснаас хойш Монголын тухай судалгаа өрнөд эрчимтэй хийгдэх болов. Гэвч орчин үеийн Монгол дахь ардчиллын үйл явцад залгамж, тогтвортой чанар дутагдаж байна. Хэдий тийм ч модернизаци явагдсан хэвээр байгаа юм.
1990-ЭЭД ОНООС ХОЙШИХ МОНГОЛ УЛС ДАХЬ НИЙГМИЙН АНТРОПОЛОГИЙН СУДАЛГАА
Authors: Г Мөнх-Эрдэнэ
Published: June 2024

Монгол антропологичид 1990 оноос хойш Монголд гарч ирсэн өөр өөр нийгмийн асуудлуудыг хэрхэн авч үзсэн тухай уг өгүүлэлд нэгтгэн дүгнэх болно. 1990 онд болсон социалист тогтолцооны уналт ба ардчилсан дэглэмийг дагаад олон урьгалч үзэл, нээлттэй байдал, бүтээлч шүүмж гэх мэт зүйлс тус улс дахь нийгмийн шинжлэх ухааны өөр өөр салбарт нэвтрэн орж ирэв. Тэдгээрийн дундаас, өмнө нь угсаатан судлал эсвэл угсаатны зүй гэж томъёологддог байсан нийгмийн антропологийн салбар Зөвлөлтийн өвийг даган хоёр өөрөөр хөгжих болсон юм. Эхний хэлбэр нь Зөвлөлтийн нийгмийн шинжлэх ухаанаас ихээхэн нөлөө авч урьдын арга зүйд тулгуурлан хөгжжээ. Дүрслэн бичих аргад тулгуурлаад бүс нутаг ба орон нутгийн түвшинд Монголчуудын зан үйл, ёс заншил, түүх ба соёлын өв гэх мэт ‘уламжлалт судалгааны асуудлууд’-ыг судлах оролдлогууд хийсэн байна. Хоёр дахь хэлбэр нь өрнийн, тэр дундаа Англи-хэлтэй орнуудын академик судалгааны үйл ажиллагаатай илүү холбогдож конструктив шүүмжлэлт судалгааны үзэл баримтлалыг хөгжүүлэх оролдлого хийжээ. Энэ нь уламжлалт-бус асуудлууд’ болох капитализм, хөгжил, орон нутгууд дахь олон улсын төсөл, уул уурхай ба тус улсын хөгжлийн асуудлууд зэргийг авч үзэхэд илүү хүчин чармайлт гаргасан байна.
УЛС ТӨР СУДЛАЛЫН САЛБАРТ 1990-ЭЭД ОНООС ӨМНӨ ХЭРЭГЖСЭН СУДАЛГАА, ШИНЖИЛГЭЭНИЙ ОНОЛ, АРГА ЗҮЙН БАЙДЛЫН ТОЙМ * (тэргүүн хэсэг)
Authors: О Хатанболд
Published: June 2024

Манайд харьцангуй хожуу үед үүссэн шинжлэх ухааны нэг бол улс төрийн шинжлэх ухаан юм. Бид энэхүү өгүүлэлдээ 1990-ээд оноос хойш хэрэгжсэн улс төр судлалын судалгаа, шинжилгээний онол арга, зүй, шинж байдлын өнөөгийн төлөвийг судалгааны бүтээлүүдийн онол арга зүй, үзэл баримтлал, шийдвэрлэх арга замыг нэгтгэн дүгнэж тоймлох байдлаар бэлтгэв. Чингэхдээ туулж өнгөрүүлсэн замаа эргэн харж, түүнээс сургамж авч, судалгаа шинжилгээний ажлаа улам чамбайруулах нь бидний өмнөө тавьсан гол зорилтуудын нэг тул өнгөрсөн үеийг эргэн дурсахуй нь түүний мөн чанар болоод дараа дараагийн үедээ уламжлагдан үлддэг сонголт байдаг. Тэрхүү агуулгын хүрээнд бид оршил хэсэгтээ монголчуудын улс төрийн мэдлэг, сэтгэлгээний уламжлалын талаарх тоймыг цухас тэмдэглэв. Тиймээс эл тойм өгүүлэлд Монгол Улс дахь улс төрийн шинжлэх ухааны судалгаа, шинжилгээний онол, арга зүйн төлөв байдлыг 1990 оноос өмнөх ба хойш хэмээн хоёр үндсэн хэсэгт хуваан дараах байдлаар үечлэн авч үзэхийг оролдов. Үүнд, (i) Монголчуудын улс төрийн сэтгэлгээ, түүний мөн чанарын талаарх тойм; (ii) Шинжлэх ухааны коммунизмын онол болон марксистленинист сургаалын үе (1972-1990); (iii) Шинэ онол, арга зүйг эрэлхийлэхүй буюу шилжилтийн үе (1990-2000); (iv) Улс төрийн шинжлэх ухааны шинэ төлөвшилтийн үе (2000-2010); (v) Монгол дахь улс төрийн шинжлэх ухааны судалгааны өнөөгийн байдал, цаашдын хандлага (2010 оноос- өнөөг хүртэл)
ЭДМУНД ГУССЕРЛЬ. ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИ (“Britannica”-д хэвлэгдсэн тойм)
Authors: Г Лодой , О Болор-Эрдэнэ
Published: June 2024

“Феноменологи” бол философийн шинэ дескриптив арга юм. Уг аргад үндэслэн өнгөрсөн зууны эцэст: 1) Чанд үндэслэгээтэй эмпирик сэтгэл судлалын цорын ганц баттай суурь болж чадах априор сэтгэл судлалын ухаан; 2) Бүх шинжлэх ухааныг эр эмбэ дараалалтай хянан үзэх чухал зэмсгийг бидэнд олгох универсаль философи бий болжээ.
ЁС СУРТАХУУНЫ ГЕНЕАЛОГИЙН ТУХАЙ ФРИДРИХ НИЦШЕГИЙН ҮЗЭЛ БАРИМТЛАЛЫН ТУХАЙД
Authors: Р Дарьхүү , Х Хишигтогтох
Published: June 2024

Ёс суртахууны үүсэл гарал, мөн чанарын тухай асуудал философи, ёс суртахууны судалгааны гол асуудлын нэг юм. Учир нь ёс суртахуун бол хувь хүн болон нийгмийн оюун санааны өргөн ойлголт. Ёс суртахууны мөн чанарыг ойлгохын тулд түүний гарал үүслийг судлах зайлшгүй шаардлагатай. Бид нийтлэлдээ; ёс суртахуун нь зөвхөн нийгмийн оюун санааны үзэгдэл биш гэдгийг тайлбарлахын зэрэгцээ түүнийг хүний мөн чанарын үүднээс авч үзсэн Ф.Ницшегийн үзэл баримтлалыг шинжиллээ.
МОНГОЛЧУУДЫН СЭТГЭЛГЭЭН ДЭХ БАЙГАЛИЙН ГОО САЙХНЫ ТУХАЙ ҮЗЭЛ ЭКОЛОГИЙН АЧ ХОЛБОГДОЛТОЙ БОЛОХ НЬ
Authors: П Мягмарсайхан , Б Мөнхжавхлан
Published: June 2024

Гоо сайхны үзэл бол оршин буй юмс үзэгдэлтэй хүмүүсийн харилцаж буй харилцаа болон илэрхийлж буй хэлбэр байдаг. Монголчуудын хувьд оршин буй бүхнээ байгаагаар хайрлан хамгаалах уламжлалыг олон арван жилээр тээж ирсэн ба үүнтэйгээ уялдаж байгальд хандах гоо сайхны үзэл нь хайрлан бишрэх, унаган төрхийг алдагдуулахгүй байх, байгаль дэлхийгээ эрхэм дээд үнэт зүйл болгон дээдлэж ирснээр илэрдэг. Энэ нь гоо зүйн үнэлэмж болохын сацуу байгалийг хамгаалах, экологийн бодлогод үлэмж нөлөөтэй байж иржээ. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд монголчуудын амьдралын онцлог, байгальтай харилцах уламжлал, ардын мэдлэг ухаанд туссан байгалийн гоо сайхны үзэл нь уламжлалт гоо зүй болон орчин үеийн энвайронменталь гоо зүйн үзлийн аль алиныг шингээсэн агуулгатай болохыг харуулав.
CRANK: CLIMATE RESILIENCE WATER TANK WITH RAINWATER HARVESTING AND FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY AS HOUSEHOLD WATER SAFE STORAGE TO TACKLE CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Diandra Khansa Allysha , Widyasari Sherien Sherlita , Zukrianto Shabrina Arthariani
Published: June 2024

Indonesia, a country highly susceptible to climate change, faces severe water scarcity due to unpredictable rainfall patterns and intensified extreme weather events. This paper presents an innovative solution, the Climate Resilience Water Tank with Rainwater Harvesting and Filtration Technology (CRANK), to address the deepening water scarcity crisis amplified by climate change. CRANK is a sustainable water storage system that integrates rainwater harvesting technology with infiltration wells. The system collects rainwater from rooftops, filters it, and stores it in a tank. When the tank reaches its maximum capacity, the excess rainwater is channeled into infiltration wells where it is filtered and replenishes the groundwater table. This dynamic strategy ensures the optimization of rainwater resources based on local weather dynamics. CRANK is a dependable, sustainable water source for various purposes, including drinking, cooking, and agriculture, and can alleviate the burden on pre-existing water supplies. It also mitigates urban flooding risks by efficiently managing surface water runoff. The feasibility of CRANK is meticulously assessed, including cost of production, profit margin, and operational expenditures, making it an affordable and lucrative solution. The system's target implementation sites are remote villages grappling with severe water scarcity. CRANK represents a significant step towards climate change adaptation and resilience by providing a sustainable, climate-resilient remedy for the water scarcity problem in Indonesia.
Relación entre trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo y alteración en funciones ejecutivas
Authors: Campuzano Cortina Sofía , Montoya Monsalve Ricardo , Carvajal Castrillón Julián
Published: June 2024

Introducción: el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC) se caracteriza por obsesiones y compulsiones. Las obsesiones corresponden a ideas o imágenes intrusivas y la compulsión es el acto motor o cognitivo para aplacar la obsesión. Su prevalencia mundial es del 3?% y existen diferentes factores que influyen en su aparición, que pueden ser biológicos, psicológicos o ambientales. Por otra parte, las funciones ejecutivas son un conjunto de habilidades que regulan la cognición y el comportamiento, donde este estudio busca describir la relación y afectación de las funciones ejecutivas en personas que padecen TOC.
Materiales y métodos: artículo de revisión narrativa a partir del estado del arte sobre el TOC y las funciones ejecutivas.
Resultados: diversos estudios han reportado la relación clínico-anatómica entre signos y síntomas característicos del TOC y la alteración evidenciada en funciones ejecutivas. Las funciones ejecutivas impactan el funcionamiento en la vida diaria y se encuentran fuertemente relacionadas al TOC, generando limitaciones funcionales en estos pacientes. Para esta afección hay tratamientos como las terapias farmacológica, psicológica y quirúrgica.
Discusión: se encuentra la necesidad de implementar, dentro de su tratamiento, la rehabilitación neuropsicológica para rehabilitar y fortalecer las funciones ejecutivas, buscando que se desarrolle de manera integral y que le permita a la persona desenvolverse de manera óptima en su día a día.
Conclusión: las funciones ejecutivas son un componente fundamental para nuestro funcionamiento y autonomía, es por esto que al estar el TOC directamente relacionado con fallas en estas funciones, se considera un punto importante para tener en cuenta al acompañar y tratar a personas que presentan este trastorno.
Revealing hidden biodiversity: Novel insights on Reptile and Amphibian Distribution in Western Ecuador
Authors: Cruz-García Keyko , Zapata-Salvatierra Natalia , Sánchez-Nivicela Juan C. , Chauca Nadia , Matecki Sascha , Perez-Correa Julian
Published: June 2024

We present notable distributional updates for 13 species from western
Ecuador (six amphibians amphand seven reptiles). Our findings include
the northernmost confirmed sighting of of Pristimantis kuri
(Yánez-Muñoz et al. 2016) and the southernmost documented appearance of
Imantodes inornatus (Boulenger 1896)
and and Lepidoblepharis buchwaldi (Werner 1910). Additionally, we
document new records and notes of distribution range
of of Agalychnis spurrelli (Boulenger
1913), 1913), Hyloscirtus alytolylax (Duellman
1972), 1972), Engystomops montubio (Ron et al.
2004), 2004), Pristimantis nyctophylax (Lynch
1976), 1976), Pristimantis walkeri (Lynch
1974), 1974), Chironius flavopictus (Werner
1909), 1909), Chironius grandisquamis (Peters
1869), 1869), Dendrophidion graciliverpa (Cadle
2012), 2012), Ninia atrata (Hallowell 1845),
and and Urotheca fulviceps (Cope 1886). These observations
significantly contribute to filling information gaps in our
understanding of these species’ distributions. The data, derived from
samples collected across diverse forested areas in the western region of
Ecuador (provinces of Cañar, Guayas, El Oro, and Los Rios), provide
valuable insights into the ecology and conservation of these species.
Hard to face: High rejection sensitivity is associated with preconscious attentional biases to contemptuous facial expressions
Authors: Boland Alexa , Bergmann Summer , Beckes Lane , Harris Joseph
Published: June 2024

The impact of social rejection varies significantly across individuals,
and can have dire consequences for interpersonal relationships. Previous
research suggests that those higher in rejection sensitivity (RS) show a
hypervigilance to socially-rejecting cues, though results have been
mixed. Participants (n = 36) with Adult Rejection Sensitivity
Questionnaire (A-RSQ) scores in the top (n = 17) and bottom (n = 19)
third of the qualified recruited sample (n = 66) completed two tasks
probing attentional responses to neutral, disgusted, and contemptuous
facial expressions. A novel adaptive staircasing task revealed a greater
attentional bias toward contemptuous faces among high-RS viewers
relative to disgusted and neutral expressions, a pattern not seen among
low-RS viewers. Event-related potential measures revealed distinct
responses to contemptuous faces among high-RS viewers at early stages,
followed by later enhancements to affectively-valenced faces more
generally. Our results show that high-RS viewers process facial
expressions distinctly from those lower in RS and suggest that
contemptuous faces constitute a valid stimulus for isolating social
rejection sensitivity effects.
Hematological Characteristics in Risk Classification of SARS-CoV2 Delta Variant
Authors: Zhou Di , Long Qiqiang , Chu Hong , Xu Peipei , Xu Yueyi , Chen Bing , Zhou Rongfu
Published: June 2024

Background COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic posing a big threat to public
health and economy. Novel variants are constantly emerging with
different transmissibility and pathogenicity. This study aimed to
explore the hematological characteristics of COVID-19 delta variant
during the outbreak in July 2021, Nanjing. Methods This study
retrospectively analyzed demographic and clinical parameters of 80
patients diagnosed with COVID-19 delta variant infection. Patients were
classified into mild, moderate and severe/critical group according to
the guideline. Characteristics of each group were compared. Results The
percentage of elderly and patients with comorbidities was significantly
higher in the severe/critical group. Vaccination rate was significantly
lower in this group. Decreased lymphocyte number, especially CD4+ and
CD8+ T cells, elevated fibrinogen, CRP, PCT and IL-6 were associated
with disease severity (P<0.05). Severe or critical cases
tended to have higher viral load shown by lower CT values of ORF1ab and
N gene (P=0.08, P=0.06) and lower specific IgG antibody level (P=0.15)
but it did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions Increasing
vaccination rate in the elderly and population with comorbidities might
improve the prognosis of COVID-19 delta variant. Mechanism study of
immune evasion of COVID-19 and methods to booster our immune system was
urgently needed.
Quaternionic representation of a one-dimensional wave packet
Authors: Deepika R. , Muthunagai K.
Published: June 2024

The introduction of complex numbers marked a significant leap in
mathematics, introducing the imaginary unit i to represent the
square root of -1. This innovative concept proved invaluable in solving
equations involving square roots of negative numbers. The extension to
quaternions involved introducing additional imaginary units denoted as
j and k. A quaternion in an interesting concept that
extends complex numbers to 4-D.The manuscript is about using quaternions
to calculate wave packets in one-dimension, and anti-hermitian operators
to obtain the results in quaternionic form including expectation values
of position, momentum and energy. The results are compared to the
exisiting results on complex wave packets in one-dimension.
Degradation, management , and classification of soils from alluvial-gold mine spoils in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Ramirez Manuel Velasquez , Rios, Julio Nazario , Gobin * , M Pillaca , E Thomas , J Guerrero Barrantes , U Román , Lira Becerra , Ushñahua Muñoz , P Nascimento Herbay , L Rodriguez Achata , Quispe Jorge Garate , S Malpica , Russo Ricardo , M Abril , R Atkinson , L Dionisio , Gomringer Ronald Corvera , Torres Dennis del Castillo
Published: June 2024

Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) significantly contribute to
land degradation in the Amazon, carried out by individual miners or
small enterprises with limited capital. This practice exerts increasing
pressure on biodiversity-rich forests. Due to limited information on
edaphic conditions crucial for the restoration of these degraded areas,
we employed a soil evaluation method in representative sites of the
Peruvian Amazon, including two native communities and one protected
natural area. The categorization of ASGM degraded areas into Cultural
Landscape Units (CLUs) was confirmed and validated. Sentinel-2 and UAV
remote sensing revealed over 122,000 ha deforested since the 1980s.
Surface and soil profile assessments identified extreme new soil
conditions with low chemical and physical fertility, characterized by
coarse texture and rock fragments, hindering revegetation, especially
during prolonged drought seasons. These degraded soils were classified
as Entisols and Technosols according to Soil Taxonomy and the World
Reference Base, respectively. Over time, natural regeneration and
plantations improved soil formation, aligning with recognized soil
classification systems. Given the current management practices,
restoration planning should prioritize selected shrub and tree species,
considering soil amendments to initiate soil recovery. This approach
aligns with self-sustained successional stages and contributes to the
objectives of Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), Appropriate Mitigation
and Adaptation Actions (NAMAs), and Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs).
Diversity in Irish and British avifauna assemblages: what can variation reveal about the forces that drive assemblage composition and structure?
Authors: Groh Camille , Siriwardena Gavin , McMahon Barry John
Published: June 2024

Ireland and Britain are two islands located at Europe’s westernmost
edge, both of which act as the final breeding outposts for many bird
species within their European ranges. Despite their similar geographic
locations and geological histories, Ireland and Britain host different
breeding avifauna assemblages. Diversity profiles, which can serve as
more robust alternatives to classic diversity indices, were employed in
this study to explore disparities in the two islands’ breeding avifauna
assemblages. Variations in assemblages were explored, along with their
potential drivers, through analyses at three levels: island-scale
breeding bird assemblage compositions, island-scale diversity profiles
considering 49 common breeding species, and habitat-specific diversity
profiles considering assemblages in east/central Irish farmland and East
Anglian farmland. Analysis of the two islands’ breeding avifauna
assemblages revealed that the Irish assemblage is a complete subset of
the British assemblage. Analyses of Irish and British assemblages at
both an island scale and a habitat scale revealed patterns linking land
use to trends within the two islands’ avifauna assemblages. Irish
assemblages contained greater proportions of insectivorous farmland
species by abundance, while British assemblages contained greater
proportions of seed-eating farmland species; both trends appeared to be
related to structural differences in agricultural land use on the two
islands. The British and East Anglian assemblages exhibited higher
diversity across all analyses, which appeared to be driven by the
assemblages’ higher relative abundances of species that were most
genetically distinct. This study highlights the ability of diversity
profiles to impart more information than classic diversity indices by
incorporating species similarity data.
Neural Network-based Integrated Reactive Power Optimization Study for Power Grids Containing Large-scale Wind Power
Authors: Zhao Jie , wang chenhao , Zhao Biao , Du Xiao , 张 怀勋 , Shang Lei
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a neural network-based integrated reactive power
optimisation method for power grids containing large-scale wind power,
which improves the generalisation capability of the neural network by
constructing a typical wind-load scenario, and solves the integrated
reactive power optimisation problem for a typical wind-load scenario
after it is connected to the system using the Harris Hawk Optimisation
algorithm (HHO) The method is designed to reduce the computational
effort and decision time of reactive power optimization by deeply
fitting the mapping relationship between grid operation state and
comprehensive reactive power optimization strategy through neural
networks.
Short-term Load Interval Prediction with Unilateral Adaptive Update Strategy and Simplified Biased Convex Cost Function
Authors: Zheng Shu , LONG Huan , Gu Wei , wu zhi , Zhao Jingtao , Geng Runhao
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a unilateral Adaptive update strategy based Interval
Prediction (AIP) model for short-term load prediction, which is
developed based on lower and upper bound estimation (LUBE) architecture.
In traditional LUBE interval prediction model, the model training is
usually trained by heuristic algorithms. In this paper, the model
training is formulated as a bi-level optimization problem with the help
of proposed unilateral adaptive update strategy and cost function. In
lower-level problem, a simplified biased convex cost function is
developed to supervise the learning direction of basic prediction
engines. The basic prediction engine utilizes Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)
to extract features and Full Connected Neural Network (FNN) to generate
interval boundary. In upper-level problem, a unilateral adaptive update
strategy with unilateral coverage rate is put forward. It iteratively
tunes hyper-parameters of cost function during training process.
Comprehensive experiments based on residential load data are implemented
and the proposed interval prediction model outperforms the tested
state-of-the-art algorithms.
Frequency Control of Power Systems under Uncertain Disturbances Based on Input-Output Finite-Time Stability
Authors: Zhu Lixuan , Yu Yiping , Ju Ping
Published: June 2024

In modern power systems, the randomness and uncertainty of the
generation and loads greatly increase the balance discrepancy between
the power supply and demand, which introduces major potential security
hazards to the stable operation of power systems. In particular,
out-of-bounds frequencies emerge. To control the system frequencies, a
frequency control method based on the state space model for power
systems under small, uncertain disturbances is proposed in this paper.
Considering the general model of the power system frequency response
with the aim of improving the input‒output finite-time stability of the
system, the frequency deviation of the power system is controlled in a
closed loop. The Monte Carlo simulation of different systems shows that
the proposed method can effectively control the frequency deviation of
the power system. When the closed-loop system is disturbed by uncertain
power fluctuations, its frequency will always remain within the
allowable range to ensure the secure and stable operation of the power
system.
Physics-informed Actor-Critic for Coordination of Virtual Inertia from Power Distribution Systems
Authors: Stock Simon , Babazadeh Davood , Eid Sari , Becker Christian
Published: June 2024

The vanishing inertia of synchronous generators in transmission systems
requires the utilization of renewables for inertial support. These are
often connected to the distribution system and their support should be
coordinated to avoid violation of grid limits. To this end, this paper
presents the Physics-informed Actor-Critic (PI-AC) algorithm for
coordination of Virtual Inertia (VI) from renewable Inverter-based
Resources (IBRs) in power distribution systems. Acquiring a model of the
distribution grid can be difficult, since certain parts are often
unknown or the parameters are highly uncertain. To favor model-free
coordination, Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods can be employed,
necessitating a substantial level of training beforehand. The PI-AC is a
RL algorithm that integrates the physical behavior of the power system
into the Actor-Critic (AC) approach in order to achieve faster learning.
To this end, we regularize the loss function with an aggregated power
system dynamics model based on the swing equation. Throughout this
paper, we explore the PI-AC functionality in a case study with the CIGRE
14-bus and IEEE 37-bus power distribution system in various grid
settings. The PI-AC is able to achieve better rewards and faster
learning than the exclusively data-driven AC algorithm and the
metaheuristic Genetic Algorithm (GA).
Robust Higher Order Sliding Mode Control of Grid-Forming Converters with LCL Filter in Weak Grid Scenarios for Fast Frequency Support
Authors: Das Tuhin , Annakkage Udaya , Muthumuni Dharshana , Park In
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a nonlinear higher-order sliding mode control
(HO-SMC) designed for a droop control-based grid-forming converter
(GFM). In weak grid scenarios, where the rate of change of frequency
(ROCOF) is notably high, achieving a rapid frequency response becomes
imperative. The stable operation of a grid-forming converter using droop
control, coupled with classical vector control employing cascaded
voltage and current loops (multiloop), faces limitations when higher
droop coefficients are applied. This constraint on the application of
classical vector control (CVC) in weak grid conditions necessitates
alternative solutions. Operating as a grid-forming converter, the
grid-connected converter with an LCL filter represents a second-order
system. HO-SMC mitigates the switching challenges associated with
conventional SMC by integrating robust feedback linearized control. A
graphical method is proposed for designing the switching gain using
Lyapunov’s direct method to counteract the impact of a matched
disturbance. The study demonstrates that the implementation of HO-SMC in
the grid-forming converter enhances fast frequency response by
increasing the gain margin of the power frequency (P-f) loop. Finally,
it is illustrated that the proposed control method also improves the
transient response of the converter.
Reactivity of HLADR antibody manifests expression of surface MHC II molecules on peripheral blood T lymphocytes in new world monkeys
Authors: Chitta Sriram , Nehete Bharti , DeLise Ashley , Simmons Joe , Nehete Pramod
Published: June 2024

Whole blood from squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis) and
other nonhuman primates (NHP) when tested using two different clones of
mouse anti-human MHC II (HLADR) antibodies, reactivity is seen with CD3+
T lymphocytes, CD20+ B cells, and CD14+ monocytes. The reactivity
demonstrated with T lymphocytes, showed with both clones is specific,
not inhibited by purified CD16 antibody but is completely inhibited when
pre-blocked with purified unconjugated antibody. Freshly prepared PBMC
also showed reactivity with T lymphocytes without any stimulation.
Interestingly peripheral blood from rhesus macaques and olive baboons
(Old World Monkeys) showed no such T lymphocyte associated MHC II
antibody reactivity, but blood samples from other New World monkey
species owl monkey (OM) (Aotus nancymae) and common marmoset (Callithrix
spp.) also showed MHC II expression on T lymphocytes. Our results from
antibody (MHCII) reactivity clearly show potential existence of
constitutively expressed (with no stimulation) MHC II molecules on T
lymphocytes in New World monkeys. The descriptive flow cytometry results
offer scope for further evaluation for functional and evolutionary
significance for better understanding of MHC II expression on T
lymphocytes in New World monkeys.
Cross-attractor transforms: Improving forecasts by learning optimal maps between dynamical systems and imperfect models
Authors: Agarwal Niraj , Amrhein Daniel E. , Grooms Ian
Published: June 2024

Biased, incomplete models are often used for forecasting states of
complex dynamical systems by mapping an estimate of a “true’ initial
state into model phase space, making a forecast, and then mapping back
to the “true’ space. While advances have been made to reduce errors
associated with model initialization and model forecasts, we lack a
general framework for discovering optimal mappings between the reference
dynamical system and the model phase space. Here, we propose using a
data-driven approach to infer these maps. Our approach consistently
reduces errors in the Lorenz-96 system with an imperfect model
constructed to produce significant model errors compared to a reference
configuration. Optimal pre- and post-processing transforms leverage
“shocks’ and “drifts’ in the imperfect model to make more skillful
forecasts of the reference system. The implemented machine learning
architecture using neural networks constructed with a custom
analog-adjoint layer makes the approach generalizable to numerous
applications.
Patience is Key: The Time It Takes to See Benefits from Continuous Auditing
Authors: Eulerich Marc , Fligge Benjamin , López Kasper Vanessa I. , Wood David A.
Published: June 2024

SYNOPSIS

Despite research showing numerous benefits of continuous auditing, uptake by internal audit functions has been quite slow. Using a case study approach and field data from a multinational company, we study two possible reasons for the slow uptake of continuous auditing: (1) the time it takes for continuous auditing to result in measurable reductions in audit risks and (2) that not every type of risk is equally likely to improve from continuous auditing. In our case company, it takes three years (on average) before observing significant risk reductions from implementing continuous auditing. We also find that the benefits of implementing continuous auditing vary by risk factor, ranging from no improvement to 51.6 percent for each additional year of continuous auditing use. These findings can provide internal auditors with a realistic expectation of the benefits and limitations, as well as the timetable for realizing benefits, when adopting continuous auditing.

Data Availability: The data used in this study cannot be made publicly available due to confidentiality agreements with the participating organization.

JEL Classifications: M42; G32.
Data Resource Profile: ECHILD only-children and siblings (ECHILD-oCSib): a national cohort of linked health, education and social care data on mothers and children in England
Authors: Feng Qi , Ireland Georgina , Gilbert Ruth , Harron Katie
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSibling dynamics play a crucial role in individual development, health and wellbeing. We established a national birth cohort using administrative health, education and social care data in England featuring clusters of mothers and their children (mothers and only-children, MoC; and mothers and siblings, MSib).
MethodsFrom 13.6 million mother-baby pairs from births between April 1997 and January 2022 captured in Hospital Episode Statistics in England, we identified MoC and MSib clusters by identifying livebirths linked to the same mother. We compared only-children and children with siblings, by ethnicity, sociodemographic variables, and birth characteristics. We calculated birth intervals for children with siblings.
ResultsWe identified 4,086,648 MoC and 3,957,856 MSib clusters. Compared with only-children, children with siblings were more likely to be Asian, live in more deprived areas, and have younger mothers, but were less likely to be overdue births (>=42 weeks), or to have very low birth weight (< 1500g). Children with siblings were also less likely to have been admitted to special neonatal care after birth compared to only-children. Among the MSib clusters, sibship sizes varied between 2 and 15, with a mean of 2.4 children per mother. The median birth interval was 3.0 years.
ConclusionThis national cohort ECHILD-oCSib of 4.1 million MoC and 4.0 million MSib clusters in England is an important resource for investigating the effects of maternal exposures, sibling dynamics and their interplay on individual development, health and wellbeing. Potential sources of bias should be considered in analyses of these data.
Application of Distilled Liquid Smoke on the Chemical Characteristics of Skipjack Fish Sausage
Authors: Bora Naema , Bunga Senni J.
Published: June 2024

Smoked sausage is a popular food among people due to its distinctive aroma and taste. Generally, smoked sausages are made using traditional smoking methods. Since the advent of liquid smoke technology, the processing of smoked fish sausages can be done more practically and safely by immersing them in liquid smoke. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the application of liquid smoke quality and liquid smoke concentration on the chemical characteristics of liquid smoked skipjack tuna sausage. The experiment was executed using a factorial CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with two factors: the quality of liquid smoke, consisting of grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3; and the concentration, consisting of 15%, 25%, and 35% by volume. The results of the study showed that the quality of liquid smoke grades 2, along with a liquid smoke concentration of 25%, can significantly increase the water content, pH, protein content, total acid, and the texture of liquid smoked skipjack tuna fish sausage. Keywords: Chemical characteristics, Fish sausage, Liquid smoke, Distilled liquid smoke.