bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a Green and Inclusive Power Sector in the Greater Mekong Subregion
Authors: Thida Maung May , Senga Rafael , Phyo Aung Pyae , Zenobi Stefano , Thorncraft Stuart
Published: September 2024

This paper examines the power sector and electricity market in the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS) and explores potential pathways for low-cost, low-carbon, and low-conflict development of the sector. The results show that implementing a smartly-designed regional power grid, combined with enhanced cross-border trade, can facilitate a transition to a 100 percent renewable electricity supply. It projects a three-fold increase in energy demand by 2050 and highlights the need for a transition to low-impact renewable electricity sources. It utilizes modelling tools to analyze four scenarios and assess their impacts on electricity cost, carbon emissions, and environmental and social aspects. Results indicate that a scenario combining an expanded regional grid and cross-border trade, increased share of non-hydro renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures yields the best outcomes. This approach reduces sectoral emissions, lowers costs, and minimizes conflicts. The paper recommends establishing coordinated and functional regional institutions, ratifying a regional grid code, and promoting standardized cross-border power trade arrangements. In conclusion, the report highlights the relevance of a well-designed regional power grid and cross-border trade for a successful transition. Implementing the recommended measures can lead to a greener and more inclusive power sector, ensuring the region’s long-term energy security and environmental sustainability.
Sustainability Challenges: How Public Transport Supports Eco-Tourism Industries
Authors: Ayu Putu Adhiya Garini Putri Dewa , Budiarnaya Putu , Ariawan Putu , Wayan Dikse Pancane I , Nyoman Indra Kumara I , Wahyudi Oktavia Gama Adie
Published: September 2024

The public transport system is an essential aspect of the management of sustainable tourist destinations. A more efficient public transportation system enables better optimization to maximize economic earnings and support environmental and resource conservation. This paper presents a study analyzing the design of public transportation modes to support Eco-tourism industries in Gianyar Regency. This study employs the distribution of tourist destinations, tourist potential demand, and route optimation in eco-tourism tourist destinations using Vehicle Routing Problem. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis is undertaken to determine the emission cost of private vehicles and public vehicles. The results suggest that the planned tourist transportation involves using a medium size bus to travel from the tourist destination Yeh Pulu to Pura Tirta Empul with a total distance of 26.7 kilometers in the northern direction. Furthermore, the utilization of public transport in tourist destinations plays a vital role in mitigating traffic congestion and reducing the carbon footprint within the area. This is supported by the significant annual financial losses amounting to USD 341,303, which can be directly attributed to the emissions generated by private vehicles.
A System Architecture for Early Wilt Detection in Hydroponic Crops: An Implementation and Assessment
Authors: Wayan Aditya Suranata I , Putu Widia Prasetia I , Nengah Riana I , Wayan Sutama I , Wira Putra Dananjaya Made , Luh Jaya Anggreni Ni
Published: September 2024

Hydroponic farming systems have a high risk of failure if the disaster is not mitigated and responded to quickly. Hydroponic plants only rely on mineral water that flows through their roots as a source of life; thus, any malfunction will have an immediate impact on the plant. If plant wilting is not recognized and not treated quickly, the plant will experience stress and have the potential to fail. To ensure that major disasters do not occur, an early warning mechanism is needed that can provide disaster information to farmers. In this study, an intelligent system architecture was built to detect premature wilt in hydroponic vegetable plants. It combines the capabilities offered by the OV2640 image sensor and ESP32-S system-on-chip, the Internet of Things, deep learning based on convolutional neural networks, and cloud computing to create a robust and low-cost remote plant condition monitoring solution. As a proof-of-concept, a prototype system is built, and performance tests are carried out to find out how robust and effective the proposed design is. Based on the results of the prototype test, it can be seen that the system built can run properly with an accuracy of wilting recognition of up to 90.90%, which was tested on samples of vertically grown mustard plants in a hydroponic greenhouse.
State-of-the-Art of Floating PV Development in the Indonesian Waters
Authors: Angelin Naiborhu Maria , Mukhlis Firdaus Ahmad , Putra Bakti Farid , Lukman Tawekal Ricky , Charnius Ilman Eko
Published: September 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on reducing Indonesia’s reliance on fossil fuels for electricity generation by promoting the development of renewable energy-based power plants. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy holds great potential in Indonesia, given its abundant availability throughout the year. This presents favourable prospects for the establishment of solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants, both in ground-mounted and floating sub-structure configurations. However, the deployment of ground-mounted PV plants raises concerns regarding land usage, particularly for large-scale installations. Moreover, the environmental temperature in tropical regions like Indonesia can adversely affect the efficiency of PV panels in land installations. Water bodies offer an alternative location for PV installations to mitigate these challenges, as water can help alleviate the temperature impact on PV panels. Considering Indonesia’s archipelago geography, seas emerge as an attractive option for large-scale PV power plant development. However, numerous challenges arise when implementing floating PV (FPV) technology in open seas. This paper explores the ongoing advancements in marine FPV technology and addresses the challenges associated with installing FPV systems in Indonesian seas. These efforts aim to support the fundamental development of the country’s electricity infrastructure, encompassing aspects such as reliability, affordability, and social acceptability.
Assessing the Sectoral Economics Consequences of Carbon Price Using Price-Output Model Analysis
Authors: Salim Syed , Mardhiah Syarifah , Mustapa  , Indati Siti
Published: September 2024

A carbon pricing policy is featured in the Twelfth Malaysia Plan as a considered measure for Malaysia to achieve its net-zero emissions goal by 2050.This study utilised price and output model analysis using Eora Multi-Region Input-Output Table 2016 (MRIO) database to assess the impact of carbon tax policy on price and output changes. The study reveals that the manufacturing sector is the most sensitive to the introduction of a carbon tax, with pronounced effects including a price escalation of 0.54% and a reduction in output of 0.81%. The ranks of sensitivity then followed by agriculture, services, mining and construction sector. the services sector presents a compelling opportunity for policymakers, offering a robust tax revenue stream while displaying lower vulnerability to the tax’s effects. This observation underscores the importance of a strategic approach in carbon tax policy, where the potential for revenue generation is balanced against the differential impacts on sectoral vulnerability. This study provides an insightful information for policymakers to develop strategic plans to ensure a smooth transition towards carbon pricing policy and foster sustainable economic development.
Investigating Consumer’s Attitudes Toward New Carbon Tax Regulation in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Fitria , Semertzidis Theodoros
Published: September 2024

The Indonesian Government’s 2021 initiative to curb carbon emissions through carbon tax aims to influence the behavior of firms and consumers, particularly, those reliant on fossil fuels. Simultaneously, the carbon tax is envisaged as a means of generating state income and facilitating environmental investments. This research investigates Indonesian consumers’ attitudes toward the carbon tax through a representative survey, analyzing awareness, acceptance, and support levels as indicators and utilizing Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) program. The study explores opinions on the climate crisis and carbon tax, with a focus on Greater Jakarta. Preconceptions of climate change and their influence on attitudes are examined, along with socio-demographic characteristics shaping consumer behaviours.

Findings reveal a heightened climate crisis awareness among the participants, however, a quarter remain unaware of the carbon tax enactment. Most consumers accept the tax, recognizing personal and industry responsibility for carbon reduction. Many are willing to contribute with tax rates of 1% to 3%. Policy recommendations include fostering political trust, progressive taxation on fossil fuels, and government incentives for carbon reduction. The study underscores the link between awareness, acceptance, and support for carbon tax implementation, suggesting further research on additional support indicators, including political trust.
How effective is the carbon pricing implementation in ASEAN Member States to reduce regional emissions
Authors: Shidiq Muhammad , Htet Hein , Noor Rakhiemah Aldilla , Abdullah Ambiyah , Pradnyaswari Indira , Suryadi Beni
Published: September 2024

At the Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC (COP 27), the ASEAN Member States (AMS) reaffirmed their commitment to the Paris Agreement by pledging to achieve net zero or carbon neutrality targets by 2050. According to the 7th ASEAN Energy Outlook (AEO7) study, ASEAN’s GHG emission will rise 3.7-fold to 6,704 MtCO2-eq in 2050 from 1,815 Mt in 2020. This will require all AMS to scale up their efforts to reach their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission target, and one of them is by introducing carbon pricing to smoothen the transition by encouraging more renewable energy use. Currently, some AMS have already introduced or proposed carbon pricing. Singapore has introduced carbon tax implementation since 2019. Indonesia has been stepping up its commitment to enforce both carbon tax and emission trading system (ETS) by introducing numerous supporting policies. Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam are anticipating launching ETS as their latest climate action plan. A question on how effective carbon pricing implementation to reduce regional emission may come up and this paper shed lights to answer this question through expert interviews and literature reviews. The findings indicate that carbon pricing may reduce emissions, especially from power generation and manufacturing industry, and support the transition to a low-carbon economy, helping the region reach carbon neutrality or net zero targets by 2050.
Comparative analysis of Indonesia’s energy system scenarios: Assessing emissions reduction strategies and cost-effectiveness
Authors: Anindhita  , Santosa J , Tokimatsu K
Published: September 2024

This research conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of energy system scenarios in Indonesia, examining their emissions reduction strategies and cost-effectiveness. The study utilizes the least-cost optimization approach using LEAP (Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System) and NEMO (Next Energy Modeling system for Optimization). Four distinct scenarios are evaluated: Business as Usual (BAU), Zero Emissions (ZER), Demand Reduction (DMR), and Net Zero Emission (NZE). The findings suggest that while the ZER scenario may achieve significant emission reductions compared to BAU, with an average of 382.9 million tons CO2e/year, it comes at a higher cost per unit of emission mitigated by the average of 170.8 USD/tons CO2e. On the other hand, the DMR scenario, with its focus on demand-side management, offers a more cost-effective approach to emission mitigation, reaching 81.0 USD/tons CO2e. Combining both strategies, the NZE scenario proves to be the most effective in emission mitigation and cost, with 693.7 million tons CO2e/year and 54.0 USD/tons CO2e, respectively. This research seeks to inform Indonesian policymakers, energy planners, and stakeholders in developing sustainable energy systems that effectively reduce emissions while considering economic feasibility.
Investigating the Impacts of Carbon Pricing Mechanism on CCS development in ASEAN countries
Authors: Endah Nur Setyawati Citra , Wibawa Samantha
Published: September 2024

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a technology that contributes toward a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large point sources. It has been proven to be a crucial technology to decarbonise ASEAN’s hard-to-abate industry sector. ASEAN countries are a concentrated cluster, contributing to significant emissions, and provides the potential for suitable geological storage for CCS according to current studies. This paper discusses the impact of carbon pricing on the CCS development in ASEAN countries, through studying factors that enable or disable successful CCS projects. Causal Loop Diagram (CLD), as a part of system dynamics, was employed as an analytical tool to identify and visualize the key variables, system’s structure, the network of existing carbon pricing mechanisms and other financing instruments needed in CCS deployment. The results of this study indicate that strong public and private finance, the development of carbon markets, and carbon pricing policies are the key enablers for CCS projects in ASEAN. Carbon pricing should be viewed as an effective catalyst that helps the growth of CCS with the right policies in place, government and regulatory support, and market forces.
Interpretation of Fairness Concept and Economic Impact Analysis of Carbon Quota Allocation between Industries in Indonesia
Authors: Imaduddin M H , Ogawa T , Okumura H , Ishihara K
Published: September 2024

Quota allocation is critical in implementing supporting policies for carbon reduction efforts, such as the carbon cap and trade mechanism. Depending on the allocation rules, certain company types may benefit more economically. Inequality conditions can happen and reduce the willingness to participate in sustainability efforts. This study aims to propose fairness interpretations in the context of company-level carbon quota allocation. Four industries in Indonesia with inherently different emission and financial profiles were selected as case studies: energy, oil palm, basic materials, and finance. Fairness principles were analyzed to represent the interests of companies based on their financial and environmental performance. Indicators were selected to quantify the equality principles and aggregated into a Comprehensive Index (CI) for quota allocation, where the companies’ quota surplus/deficit is quantified into monetary value to estimate the economic impact with varying reduction targets. According to our analysis, the sectoral advantages/disadvantages would depend on the viewpoint of fairness principles, and the oil palm and financial sectors be less impacted than the basic materials and energy sectors with increased emission reduction targets. The sensitivity analysis suggests that the vertical, horizontal, polluter pays, and historical responsibility principles are more sensitive to weighting than the merit and basic needs principles.
The Performance, Adaptability, and Stability of the Local Government Units on Government Energy Management Program Implementation
Authors: Elmaga Anabel M.
Published: September 2024

The 2011 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Report on Institutional Capacities and Qualities emphasizes the importance of institutional capacities, such as performance, adaptability, and stability, for effective responses to challenges. These capacities align with the principles of New Public Governance (NPG), promoting collaboration among governments, non-profit organizations, businesses, and citizens to address complex public issues efficiently. NPG fosters agility in decision-making and flexibility in policy and program adaptation, shifting the focus from bureaucratic procedures to outcomes and results.

This research employed a qualitative approach, aiming to explore people’s experiences and gain insights into their perspectives. The study focused on how informants implemented the Government Energy Management Program and identified factors influencing the performance, adaptability, and stability of the Local Government Units (LGUs) concerning the program. Data were collected through individual interviews and focus group discussions conducted by the researcher, along with the Study on national laws, policies, and programs, as well as local and international reports and previous literature related to energy efficiency and conservation implementation.

Findings indicate that LGUs face significant challenges in fully implementing the GEMP. Barriers include manpower shortages, financial constraints, and policy gaps. The study highlights the importance of designating Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EEC) Officers and Focal Persons within LGUs and underscores the need for clear policies and guidelines for energy conservation across government buildings. Collaborative efforts among multiple stakeholders are crucial to overcoming these challenges.

This research identifies obstacles hindering the effective execution of the GEMP in local government. Strengthening energy conservation measures and fostering collaboration among stakeholders is vital for achieving sustainable energy goals. Local Government Units (LGUs) have a crucial function in establishing energy efficiency benchmarks, offering incentives for energy-saving measures, and implementing successful policies. The study emphasizes the significance of effective policy development, implementation, and resource allocation at the local government level in driving energy efficiency and conservation efforts.
Development of the National Cooling Action Plan of the Philippines
Authors: Calderon A
Published: September 2024

The Philippines NCAP was developed to account for the environmental impacts of energy consumption (indirect impacts) and use of high-GWP refrigerants (direct impacts) from the RAC Sector that can be mitigated by transitioning to more climate-friendly and higher-efficiency refrigerants. Utilizing the NCAP Methodology developed by the UNEP-led Cool Coalition, UN ESCAP in collaboration with Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) together with and built on the expertise of the Cool Coalition’s NCAP Working Group facilitated by The Kigali Cooling Efficiency Programme (K-CEP), the Philippines NCAP was launched by the Philippines Department of Energy – Energy Utilization and Management Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, and United Nations Development Programme (Philippines Country Office). This paper presented the Reference Cooling Scenario (RCS) and the Sustainable Cooling Scenario (SCS) adopted from the business-as-usual (BAU) and Clean Energy Scenario (CES) of the Philippine Energy Outlook. With these assumptions on RCS and SCS, the domestic refrigeration sector will save 4.41 TWh while the residential cooling sector will save 12.15 TWh. There is a net effect in total emission reduction estimates of 10.68 MT CO2 equivalent which is close to 12 % of the unconditional target submitted to UNFCCC.
An investigation of time-dependent ozone (O3) concentration using Geographic Information System: a case study in Central of Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Gusti Ngurah Putu Dharmayasa I , Ko Ko Oo Zin , Yee Mon Hsu , Mankong Phatchari , Ayu Trisna Adhiswari Wedagama Dewa , Darmaastawan Kadek
Published: September 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 7 million people die each year due to exposure to polluted air. Ground-level ozone is one of the air pollutants that forms as a result of chemical reactions, specifically through photochemical processes. This study utilized GIS to investigate the ozone concentration in 29 districts in Central Bangkok, Thailand, aiming to assess the health risks associated with ozone and compare them with standard values. According to this study, the ozone concentration in the Bangkok area is generally low during the time range of 01:00 - 08:00 and 17:00 - 00:00, while it tends to be high during the daytime (from 9:00 - 16:00). The highest ozone concentration exceeding the defined safe limit (> 100 ppb) for a short duration (1 hour) occurred in Pubpla during the study period. Additionally, some districts, namely Bang Na, Phra Khanong, Suan Luang, Bang Kapi, and Wang Thonglang, experienced ozone concentrations surpassing the average standard limit (>70 ppb) over an 8-hour period. The high ozone concentrations in these areas can be attributed to their dense population. The increased usage of motor vehicles and high temperatures during working hours contribute to the ease of ozone formation at the surface.
Empowering ASEAN’s Education for RE Jobs: A Readiness Assessment
Authors: Bilqis Amira , Esmeralda Manaloe Shania , Febriyanti Auliya , Retno Yuniarni Diah , Safrina Rika , Yurnaidi Zulfikar
Published: September 2024

The global imperative to address climate change and the depletion of traditional fossil fuel sources has underscored the need for a significant transition toward sustainable energy. ASEAN Member States embark on a journey towards energy transition toward low carbon economy. This transition necessitates a substantial workforce, with projections from the 7th ASEAN Energy Outlook estimative around 3.9 - 5.5 million jobs in renewables alone. Thus, adequate preparation for these roles is essential. Educational institutions’ role in the ASEAN region is imperative as the spearhead in preparing the workforce with the needed knowledge and skills for green energy jobs. This paper analyses the region’s formal education system’s readiness to cultivate skilled workforce candidates to meet the growing demand for green energy jobs. This study examines the current state of RE education in the ASEAN region through several indicators and provides best practices highlighting that various challenges are causing limited and varying progress. Addressing the gaps, the study recommended several efforts by relevant stakeholders to enhance educational readiness to propel ASEAN renewables development.
Understanding Impact Resistance of Hollow Core Slabs Using FRP Retrofitting. A Comparative Analysis of GFRP And CFRP
Authors: Maxi Mina , Essam Rana , Ehab Mariam
Published: September 2024

Sudden Impact of structural events poses a significant threat to life safety and structural stability. In other words, the local failure(s) of structures can lead to the collapse of other members and eventually a partial or total collapse. Impact load is one of the extreme loads that are not usually taken into design consideration because of its high cost to be prevented unless the usage of the building dictates this extra care. Hollow core slabs, while offering advantages in terms of weight and construction efficiency, are particularly vulnerable to localized damage in comparison with other slab systems to localized damage, which could lead to progressive collapse. This research investigates the effectiveness of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) retrofitting techniques in enhancing the impact of resistance of hollow core slabs, aiming to mitigate progressive collapse risks and improve structure resilience. In this paper, the significance of FRP retrofitting techniques and properties for different types have been discussed and compared, focusing on Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) and carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). By evaluating various case studies, experimental analyses, and numerical simulations, the effectiveness, durability, and performance of FRP retrofitting strategies are examined as well to show the most suitable material for resisting impact load. The findings of this study will provide valuable guidance for engineers and designers in selecting the most suitable FRP material for retrofitting hollow core slabs, enhancing structural integrity and safety against impact loading. Furthermore, this research identifies research gaps and potential areas for further investigation, contributing to the development of a more effective and resilient research orientation for enhanced structure systems.
Torsional Resistance of Strengthened Concrete Elements with Nonconventional Reinforcement Technique
Authors: Sharaf A. Nasser , Nagy Nabil M. , Sultan Ahmed E. , A.E.M. Ali Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Concrete is widely recognized as a primary structural material worldwide and is extensively employed across diverse construction sectors. It ranks as the second most consumed material by humans, following water. While past research has predominantly focused on assessing the static and dynamic performance of concrete, there has been a noticeable lack of discussion regarding its torsional resistance, primarily due to challenges associated with testing methodologies. This study investigates the torsional resistance of concrete elements confined with various durable geogrid types using four distinct concrete mixtures. Experimental evaluations were conducted to assess the compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, and torsional resistance of each group. Findings reveal that all concrete mixtures achieved the targeted compressive strength of 30 MPa. Furthermore, the incorporation of different geogrid reinforcements notably enhanced the tensile strength and torsional resistance of the concrete elements by up to 87% and 43.75%, respectively. Notably, among the tested specimens, those reinforced with tri-axial geogrid demonstrated superior tensile and torsional resistance properties.
Effectiveness of adding kaolin to Cement and Cement kiln Dust Mortar
Authors: Abdel Wahab Rafik K. , Hassan M. , Anan Azza I.
Published: September 2024

The objective of this investigation is to discover a binder material derived from cement kiln bypass dust mixed with kaolin without calcination at ambient temperature. A total of nine groups were fabricated with eighty-one cubes containing different mixtures. These mixtures were primarily based on a cement mortar contained a 50% combination of cement and cement kiln dust, along with varying amounts of kaolin (10%, 15%, and 20% by weight). The impact of these different ratios on the mechanical properties of mortar, as well as the hydration products, was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The findings indicated a positive enhancement in the mortar compressive strength at 10% kaolin, ranging from 70% to 144% after 7 and 28 days of curing, in comparison with the compressive strength of mortar without kaolin.
Numerical Behaviour of Stone Column in Soft Clayey Soil
Authors: Abdelaziz A. M. , Elshesheny Ahmed , Abdelmotaal Nabil , Nagy Nabil M.
Published: September 2024

Soft clayey soils present a geotechnical challenge due to their low shear strength and high compressibility. The finite element package, ABAQUS, is used to perform a comprehensive numerical analysis on stone columns. The study investigates the bearing capacity and vertical and lateral deformations of soft clayey soils due to installing stone columns in them. The numerical model using the unit cell concept investigates the influence of varying two main physical parameters, i.e. the stone column material strength (ϕ), and the native soil cohesion (c). Moreover, this study utilizes variable numerical models to study the effect of the ratio between column length and its diameter, (L/d), on the efficiency of stone columns as a soil-enhancing method for weak clayey soil conditions. The influence of the stone column length on the occurred failure mode was studied. The outcomes demonstrated that using stone columns improves the behaviour of soft clayey soil, where the bearing capacity is enhanced and the soil surface settlement is reduced. Furthermore, using stone column filling materials with higher friction angles enhanced the stability of the system, and the optimum values of native soil cohesion and stone column materials friction angle are 30 kPa and 40°, respectively. Also, the outcomes illustrated that increasing the applied pressure controls the bulging length of SC, where the bulging length was 2.5d, 3d, and 3.5d for the applied pressure of 50.0 kPa, 100.0kPa, and 150.0 kPa, respectively.
Numerical Investigation of Cold Formed Z Purlins with Lap Bolted Connection
Authors: Khalil A E , Abdelrazek A M , Hanna M T , Ibrahim A M
Published: September 2024

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the flexural rigidity of lapped cold-formed steel (CFS) purlin connections under monotonic loading, using a numerical model developed with finite element software ABAQUS. The purlins are made up of CFS Z-section, while high strength bolts of diameter 12 mm and grade 8.8 have been used. The test setup consists of simply supported two Z-section that are connected together using overlap connection, where load is being applied at mid span. Furthermore, a parametric study has been conducted to investigate various parameters including, length of lapped connections, thickness, and depth of CFS section and arrangement of bolts, to end up with a total of 15 case specimens. All case specimens were examined in detail in terms of load carrying capacity and deflection characteristics. The results showed that overlap connection is capable of transmitting moment and acts as semi-rigid connection. Moreover, results proved that increasing the ratio of overlap length to beam span resulted in an increase in connection moment capacity. Additionally, decreasing the ratio of lap length to section thickness increases the flexural capacity. Finally, the specimens with bolts in both flange and web at the position of overlap connection were found to have the highest moment capacity.
Assessing Prime Coat Permeation with Superpave Gyratory Compaction
Authors: Gabry Mohamed El , Mahdy Kamel , Soliman Ahmed A. , Soltan Akram
Published: September 2024

Identifying more lab methodologies for obtaining optimum prime coat application rates has been a major concern in the pavement construction process. This coating significance is revealed in preserving resilience and longevity in pavement construction. Weak bonding and increasing binder waste are resulted from lesser or excessive prime amount. This paper focuses on some issues in the construction process, such as uncertainty of surface conditions and the absence of uniform testing procedures. These issues signify the need for creative proposals and more substantial researches. Finally, the research demonstrates an easier lap method in obtaining the most suitable prime coat application rate through the penetration test. It depends on the super pave gyratory compactor emphasizing its accuracy, effectiveness and capability of enhancing pavement durability. Therefore, this extensive overview establishes the framework for additional research into the suggested methodology and the optimum obtained results of spreading prime coat lay within the rates of the Egyptian Code.
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Non-Overflow Concrete Gravity Dam Section
Authors: Rezk M Y , Mohamed N H , Elashaal Ashraf A. , Nagy Nabil M.
Published: September 2024

As the economy advances, there is a growing need for energy. Harnessing hydroelectric energy has emerged as a crucial strategy for addressing the energy crisis. To promote hydropower development, numerous tall concrete dams are either under construction or in the planning stages. These dams are frequently situated in areas with elevated water levels and face the challenge of being located in regions with high seismic intensity. An accident resulting from the failure of concrete dams can pose significant threats to both economic development and public safety. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to investigate the stability of such dams, particularly under conditions of high water levels and seismic activity. The finite element program Geostudio is being undertaken to evaluate a complete numerical analysis of the dam. In this paper, Longtan Dam has been selected as the case study for the research. This study is applied in two cases: seismic and static conditions. A two-dimensional seismic numerical analysis was carried out using the Koyna earthquake acceleration time records in 1976. The results of the FEM model concluded that the dam is unsafe under sesmic conditions. The concrete-rock interface, particularly susceptible to sliding, was identified as the most critical part of the dam, presenting the most likely failure mode. The study highlights the significance of its methodology in investigating earthquake effects on dams, prioritizing it over the achieved results. The aim is for the conclusions and recommendations to provide valuable guidance for future studies and initiatives focused on enhancing safety at hydropower dams.
Investigating the Use of 3D Printing and the Integration of BIM in Manufacturing Furniture Units
Authors: Ahmady Youmna , Hatem Abdulrahman A. , Hassan Dalya M.
Published: September 2024

3D printing is an emerging technology and one of the main aspects that can help in its success is BIM (Building Information Modelling). Despite recent interest in this topic, research indicates that to date no framework is in place that highlights the integration of BIM with 3D printing technology in the furniture design and production industry. This research delves deep into the use of 3D printing with the aid of BIM tools to produce furniture units. Through an analytical and experimental approach, this study aims to develop a conceptual framework that integrates BIM within the 3D printing process of small-scale furniture units. To gather data, the existing literature has been reviewed thoroughly and a framework was developed and adopted in the experimental study; where a BIM software was used to simulate a piece of furniture and measure the printing process against a set of criteria such as cost, material, and energy consumption. Results of the experiment were analysed and validated by applying comparative analysis between the interview with an expert in the interior 3D printing field and the results of the simulation. The research provided key aspects to be considered in the 3D printing of interior furniture pieces in addition to outlining the relevant limitations as well as the possible opportunities for further research.
Circular Economy for Minimising Waste Generation During the Architectural Design Process
Authors: Kamel A A , Alamoudy F O , Othman A A E
Published: September 2024

The construction industry is responsible for 40% of resource extraction and solid waste generation worldwide. This is due to the industry’s adoption of a linear economy model of “take, make and dispose”. As a result, finite natural resources are being depleted which contradicts the concept of sustainability. This can be overcome in the design process by adopting circular design strategies. These strategies are based on the circular economy and its principles whose notion is based on eradicating waste by designing products & processes that optimally utilise resources and cycles them. Since 33% of construction waste is due to inadequate implementation of waste minimisation strategies during the design process, this research aims to investigate the circular economy principles and their corresponding circular design strategies and their relationship with minimising waste during the design process. To fulfil this, a mixed approach of quantitative & qualitative methods is used to achieve three objectives. First, the past literature is reviewed to investigate the concepts on which this study is built upon. These are waste generation, the design process and circular economy (CE), its principles & design strategies (CDS). Second, a relationship matrix is proposed between the studied concepts based on the previous literature to serve as a tool for architects to identify the suitable CDS for their projects. Finally, a case study is analysed to investigate the effectiveness of the adoption of CDS in minimising waste generation during the design process. When comparing the research’s literature outcome with the case study analysis, the results corresponded. Hence, this presents an initial validation for the proposed matrix, initiating the first step for further research to develop a framework that can help architects minimise waste generation during the design process.
Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Green Concrete Blocks Mixture
Authors: El Ghazaly T , Micheal A , Moussa R R
Published: September 2024

Concrete is a very abundant building material and flexible in construction. Yet cement is the main material used in concrete mixture, which consumed a lot of energy and money. Cement is a very un-eco-friendly material when it comes to production and is a main contributor to global warming. On the other hand, Polymers can be toxic to people, fauna, and flora. In the last century, Egyptian citizens complained that the waste has increased, and the inappropriate waste disposal effect the Egyptian health and quality of life. The alternative is to burn the polymers; however, it will produce toxic emissions that will break down the ozone layer. Previous researchers tried to replace cement with an alternative in the concrete mixture. Therefore, this research intends to create a green concrete block with cement-less mixture and use polymers as a binding material in the blocks. This research will follow the experimental method after discussing the properties of the materials. Then a concrete mix will be created, and a percentage of cement will be replaced; thus, making a cheap concrete mixture that has less cement and is more ecological and economical. Tests will be performed to determine if the proposed concrete mixture is suitable for mass production and doesn’t violate the international standards. The performed tests will include compressive strength, tensile strength, and abrasion. finally, a cost analysis will be calculated to compare the construction costs before and after using the proposed concrete mixture.
Comparative study on energy efficient green building with conventional building
Authors: Mustafa Zakaria Ahmed Maryam , N Aravind
Published: September 2024

Green Building concept is an environmental building practice followed by the construction engineers since the years 2000s. Green building concept is the imperative of time with respect to economic, social and environment aspects. Green building techniques can mainly classify under six categories, waste management, water efficiency, energy efficiency, location, configuration and green materials, where under each technique countless solutions can be developed based on the requirements and the proposed project. Hence, this paper targets to redesign Barka Marina Mall, Oman as a green building considering building configuration, renewable energy and green materials, with the help of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology and Photovoltaic System software as simulation tools. Aim of the present study is to redesign the Barka Marina Mall, Oman as a green building by considering the building configuration, renewable energy and green materials, with the help of BIM and Photovoltaic System software and compared the results with the conventional building. The criteria considered for the comparative analysis are, annual carbon emission, annual energy use, monthly fuel consumption and monthly energy consumption between the conventional and the green building. Based on the comparative study it is noticed that applying the green building concept has a great potential to save the nation’s resources and the environment by reducing the consumption as well as the cost.
Quantifying the Influence of Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR) on Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort: Classroom Study in Hot Arid Climates
Authors: Mostafa Hassieb Mai , Ragab Ayman , Farouk Mohamed Abdelaziz
Published: September 2024

Effective natural ventilation through well-designed windows plays a pivotal role in creating a healthy classroom environment, impacting students positively by ensuring fresh air, minimizing indoor pollutants, and maintaining comfortable temperatures. This study, conducted in educational buildings in Aswan, Egypt, investigates the influence of Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR) on indoor air quality and thermal comfort. Utilizing the HOBO MX CO2 data logger and Design Builder simulation program, two models with WWRs of 20% and 30% were assessed. Results highlight the superiority of a 20% WWR, emphasizing the need to open windows for at least 60 minutes in the summer to achieve improved air quality and thermal comfort. The proposed enhancements, based on the findings, offer valuable insights into educational buildings in hot, arid regions.
Green campuses as pivots of sustainable development in Egypt
Authors: Ghalib Hebatullah
Published: September 2024

Sustainable development is a global aim to which Egypt is highly committed. This is evident in various projects and initiatives that aim to direct all activities towards more sustainable patterns and tools. Egyptian higher education institutions are an important partner and tool in enhancing sustainable development. University campuses, as the main anchors for higher education, take part in achieving this goal through developing green campuses that support the overall national sustainable development. This paper examines the presence of Egyptian universities in the global ranking of Green Campuses. It then focuses on two main case studies within the Egyptian context which are the AUC and ASU to compare their progress and identify their future priorities in Green Campus development.
Integrating Internet of Things and Big Data as an Approach for Enhancing the Quality of Life in Egyptian Cities
Authors: Elwazer Marwa N. , Ali Nessim Ashraf
Published: September 2024

In modern times, the concept of quality of life (QoL) has been a focal point in numerous studies, offering solutions to challenges faced by residents in new cities worldwide, including Egypt. To ensure citizens enjoy a high quality of life, cities are increasingly leveraging innovative technologies to address various aspects such as the environment, physical health, mobility, social interaction, psychological well-being, and the economy. Among these technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a significant role in enhancing people’s lives. By utilizing IoT as an information technology tool, cities can tackle their unique challenges. Consequently, the IoT method and the information obtained through Big Data (BD) analysis will enhance cities sustainability, safety, and liveability for residents. This research aims to explore the integration of IoT and BD for enhancing the quality of life in Egyptian cities. A qualitative methodology is employed to achieve this goal. Initially, a comprehensive literature review is conducted to uncover the relationship between improving quality of life in Egyptian cities and the use of IoT and BD methods. Additionally, a case study of Busan city, which has successfully implemented several IoT technologies to enhance the well-being of its inhabitants, is presented and analyzed. The findings from both the literature review and the case study highlight the positive correlation between the adoption of IoT and BD technologies and the overall quality of life in cities, spanning dimensions such as transportation, economy, social aspects, and the environment.
Integrating Real Estate Investment Environment Indicators with Sustainable Urban Development: An Evaluation Framework for Egyptian new cities
Authors: Chaarawi Z. , Elbarmelgy M.
Published: September 2024

The decision-making process in real estate investment is strongly linked with economic development and the real estate market, exerting a significant influence on the construction industry. In Egypt, decision-makers often prioritize responding to investment pressures to attract investors and establish projects, neglecting the alignment of investments with the principles of sustainable urban development. This study aims to identify the indicators of real estate investment environment according to the sustainable urban development, enhancing the decision-making process in the urban development of new Egyptian cities. Additionally, the research seeks to show best practices and successful global initiatives that effectively integrate real estate investment environment with sustainable urban development, emphasizing on innovative strategies and policies. The study will conclude indicators that harmonize economic progress with spatial, environmental, and social sustainability to enhance decision-making processes in urban development by adopting a more holistic and inclusive approach.
Planners as Gatekeepers: Spatial Justice Through the lens of Planning Theory in Helsinki
Authors: Hewidy H.
Published: September 2024

Planning practice is a device of controlling land use and ideally corresponds to societal demands. It can contribute to spatial justice through its two roles, substantive and procedural. Planning theory, on the other hand, studies both roles of planning practice focusing on the interplay of power. Helsinki witnesses a rapid and dynamic urban growth with the Finnish capital city plan adopting bold ideas aiming to create pedestrian friendly urban centers further from the inner city. Among other objectives, the city plan employs anti-segregation policy in certain areas. Ethnic retail has been emerging in Helsinki at several locations not only fulfilling socio-economic needs of immigrants but also enhancing public street life and creating urban hubs. In particular, ethnic retail is clustered at two strip malls located in two neighborhoods under urban renewal. Two competitions were organized to guide the land-use based on the objectives of the city plan. This article studies how urban planning policy and planners have steered the urban renewal outcome. The findings show that the planners can serve as gatekeepers allowing specific outcomes in favor of certain actors. The article contributes to literature analyzing planning practice through the theory lens.
Investigating the Role of Change Management in Achieving Sustainable Project Management in Construction Firms
Authors: Ahmed K N , Khodeir L M , Gadelhak M
Published: September 2024

Over the past years, the construction sector has seen significant transformation driven by sustainability and change management, as most construction companies strive to lower emissions, be future-proof, and slow down the rate of climate change. While these two disciplines have distinct goals, they share essential principles. Both change management and sustainable project management emphasize addressing the environmental, social, and economic aspects while maintaining ethics, transparency, and stakeholder demands. According to previous studies, incorporating sustainability concepts into project management systems could enhance organizational value, risk control, cost savings, stakeholders’ relationships, and long-term value generation. In the context of change management, integrating sustainability into project management systems strives to ensure that initiatives are not only financially feasible but also socially and ecologically responsible. Despite previous research in those fields, further investigation and application of the implementation methodologies are still recommended. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between sustainability in the project management field, its relation to change management procedures, and how it could be beneficial for the implementation process in the construction industry. A constructive literature review was adapted to develop a potential primary framework for future implementation, which facilitates future attempts at construction organization implementation processes.