bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O problema da Favela
Authors: Luiz Duprat Agusto
Published: November 2020

Escreveu, certa vez, o grande V ieira que:Para conseguir efeitos grandes e para levar a cabo empresasdificultosas, mais segura é uma ignorância bem aconselhada, queuma ciência presum ida.Confiante na segurança de uma igncrância bem aconselhada e no desejode servir, foi que ousei escrever sôbre o tão decantado problema das favelas.Estas favelas que são tão criticadas, tão malsinadas, — tão degradadas, tãomal estudadas, tão mal assistidas e de que, no fundo, todos nós temos mêdo.Não devemos ter mêdo das favelas; devemos, sim, ter mêdo de não cumprir onosso dever: procurando, por todos os meios ao nosso alcance, minorar a situaçãodessas escolas de vício; procurando auxiliar os que necessitam de auxiliea prescindirem dêle; procurando dignificar o homem; procurando levantar seusníveis moral, social, cultural e econômico; evitando a perversão dos m enores.E isto não é difícil.
Machado de Assis, Funcionário Público
Authors: RSP Editor
Published: November 2020

Em 29 de setembro de 1908, com a morte de Machado  deAssis , perdeu o Brasil seu maior íiccionista e um dos mais primorososmestres da língua portuguêsa.Não constitui objeto de nossa homenagem, louvar-lhe aquias qualidades artísticas: a clareza sintética da exposição, a sobriedadedo processo descritivo e a singeleza da técnica. Não vemoso autor do B raz C u bas, pintando a sociedade burguesa do séculopassado, com os fidalgos de D . Jo ã o vi a discutirem, “de cabeleirae rabicho, casaca de seda e espadim”, os despotismos de Bonaparte . Não nos ocupa o íiníssimo criador de Dom Casmurro,onde a concisa narração do primeiro beijo da astuta Capitu , noslábios de B e n t i n h o , é uma das mais finas jóias da literatura nacional,verdadeira obra-prima de concisão e graça.
Governo e Administração
Authors: De Aragão João Guilherme
Published: November 2020

Governo é o órgão do Estado; traduz-se num conjunto de autoridadesque dirigem ou comandam os negócios do Estado. Administração é o funcionamentointerno do Estado; exterioriza-se num conjunto numeroso deagentes e de instituições que executam serviços e ordens do Estado. O Govêrnotraça normas gerais; a Administração executa-as ou observa-as particularmente,em cada caso. O Governo sanciona a lei; a Administraçãoaplica-a; o Govêrno projeta programa geral de trabalho; a Administraçãocumpre-o através de suas repartições ou serviços, ou mesmo de entidadesdelegadas (Administração indireta, órgãos paraestatais).
O juiz em face da atual acumulação de cargos
Authors: Monteiro da Silva Corsindio
Published: November 2020

É postulado constitucional a teoria célebre de M o n te s q u ie u , da independênciados Podêres da União, que cosxistem harmônicamente (art 38).Outro princípio adotado pela Carta Magna é o da vedação de acumularcargos públicos (art. 185), problema em que, de velha data, se debaten.legisladores portuguêses e brasileiros, no sentido de coibir abusos por partedos colecionadores de empregos em prejuízo da administração e dos outroscidadãos que, muitas vêzes com maior capacidade, relutam por conseguirum emprego público. Êste princípio visa, ainda, a assegurar o cumprimentodo preceito constitucional inscrito no art. 184 que afirma serem os cargos públicosacessíveis a todos os brasileiros.
Current Assessment of Clinical Pancreatic Islet Allotransplantation
Authors: Chhabra Preeti , Brayman Kenneth L ,   Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Published: November 2020

Clinical islet allotransplantation represents a minimally invasive, efficacious alternative to pancreas transplantation for restoring glycemic control and insulin independence in select patients with type 1 diabetes that is complicated by intractable impaired hypoglycemia awareness and/or severe hypoglycemic events refractory to stabilization by other means. Over the last decade, islet transplantation outcomes have steadily improved in part due to refinements in the selection of optimal donors, islet isolation techniques, safer engraftment methods, and effective immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapies. Insulin independence rates at five years post-transplantation at select centers have reached parity with pancreas alone transplantation, and marked progress has been achieved in islet transplantation outcomes using single-donor pancreas. However, widespread application of the procedure is still hindered due to a limited supply of donor pancreases, inadequate engraftment, and the harmful side effects of chronic immunosuppression. Strategies to address some of these challenges involve the use of alternative sources of beta cells or islets, extrahepatic sites of implantation, encapsulation of islets and novel therapies to induce tolerance. While several countries have now transitioned islet transplantation from experimental status to a funded clinical cure for patients with brittle type 1 diabetes that cannot be stabilized by more conventional means, in the US it still awaits regulatory approval and a financial mechanism for sustainable reimbursement. This review details the history and the current status of clinical islet allotransplantation while summarizing improvements that have been made in techniques involving isolation, purification, culture and assessment of human islets as well as the islet transplantation process itself. Furthermore, it discusses the limitations encountered that prevent its widespread application, strategies that address those limitations, and last but not least, clinical trials being conducted that will help position islet transplantation as a mainstay treatment for the cure of type 1 diabetes.
Helping Optimize Language Acquisition (HOLA) Online Parent Training Modules for Latinx Parents of Toddlers at Risk for ASD: Protocol for a Pilot Funded by the Organization for Autism Research
Authors: Dodds Robin Lynn
Published: November 2020

Background

Culturally competent parent training in evidence-based intervention for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can provide young Latinx children from underserved communities with early interventional support while they wait for professional services, thus reducing the impact of intervention delays. Providing parents with brief bilingual training in Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) is a strategy that can overcome these barriers and is inexpensive to disseminate. Brief PRT training has been shown to significantly improve joint attention, expressive language, responsivity, and adaptive skills in young children with ASD. However, it is unknown whether an interactive, culturally competent online parent training in PRT is effective in a Latinx population.

Objective

To this end, we will recruit 24 children (16-36 months old) at risk for ASD and their parent(s) from East and South Los Angeles and provide them with a series of 6 online learning modules in their choice of Spanish or English.

Methods

This pilot study will utilize a single-group, pilot, pre-post design with follow-up assessments 6 weeks later. Linear mixed-effects model analysis will be used to explore most parent-reported and coded outcomes.

Results

Brief online parent training in evidence-based treatments has the capacity to increase access to culturally competent early communication interventions for young children at risk for ASD.

Conclusions

The results of this trial may have particular salience in additional underresourced communities where children have limited access to interventions prior to entering school.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/18004
Use and Effect of Web-Based Embodied Conversational Agents for Improving Eating Behavior and Decreasing Loneliness Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kramer Lean L , Mulder Bob C , van Velsen Lex , de Vet Emely
Published: November 2020

Background

An unhealthy eating pattern and loneliness negatively influence quality of life in older age. Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are a promising way to address these health behaviors in an engaging manner.

Objective

We aim to (1) identify whether ECAs can persuade community-dwelling older adults to change their dietary behavior and whether ECA use can decrease loneliness, (2) test these pathways to effects, and (3) understand the use of an ECA.

Methods

The web-based eHealth app PACO is a fully automated 8-week intervention in which 2 ECAs engage older adults in dialogue to motivate them to change their dietary behavior and decrease their loneliness. PACO was developed via a human-centered and stakeholder-inclusive design approach and incorporates Self-determination Theory and various behavior change techniques. For this study, an unblinded randomized controlled trial will be performed. There will be 2 cohorts, with 30 participants per cohort. Participants in the first cohort will immediately receive the PACO app for 8 weeks, while participants in the second cohort receive the PACO app after a waiting-list condition of 4 weeks. Participants will be recruited via social media, an online panel, flyers, and advertorials. To be eligible, participants must be at least 65 years of age, must not be in paid employment, and must live alone independently at home. Primary outcomes will be self-assessed via online questionnaires at intake, control, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks, and will include eating behavior and loneliness. In addition, the primary outcome—use—will be measured via data logs. Secondary outcomes will be measured at the same junctures, via either validated, self-assessed, online questionnaires or an optional interview.

Results

As of July 2020, we have begun recruiting participants.

Conclusions

By unraveling the mechanisms behind the use of a web-based intervention with ECAs, we hope to gain a fine-grained understanding of both the effectiveness and the use of ECAs in the health context.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04510883; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04510883

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/22186
SARS-CoV-2 Testing Service Preferences of Adults in the United States: Discrete Choice Experiment
(Preprint)
Authors: Zimba Rebecca , Kulkarni Sarah , Berry Amanda , You William , Mirzayi Chloe , Westmoreland Drew , Parcesepe Angela , Waldron Levi , Rane Madhura , Kochhar Shivani , Robertson McKaylee , Maroko Andrew , Grov Christian , Nash Denis
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Ascertaining preferences for SARS-CoV-2 testing and incorporating findings into the design and implementation of strategies for delivering testing services may enhance testing uptake and engagement, a prerequisite to reducing onward transmission.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine important drivers of decisions to obtain a SARS-CoV-2 test in the context of increasing community transmission.

METHODS

We used a discrete choice experiment to assess preferences for SARS-CoV-2 test type, specimen type, testing venue, and results turnaround time. Participants (n=4793) from the US national longitudinal Communities, Households and SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology (CHASING) COVID Cohort Study completed our online survey from July 30 to September 8, 2020. We estimated the relative importance of testing method attributes and part-worth utilities of attribute levels, and simulated the uptake of an optimized testing scenario relative to the current typical testing scenario of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) via nasopharyngeal swab in a provider’s office or urgent care clinic with results in >5 days.

RESULTS

Test result turnaround time had the highest relative importance (30.4%), followed by test type (28.3%), specimen type (26.2%), and venue (15.0%). In simulations, immediate or same-day test results, both PCR and serology, or oral specimens substantially increased testing uptake over the current typical testing option. Simulated uptake of a hypothetical testing scenario of PCR and serology via a saliva sample at a pharmacy with same-day results was 97.7%, compared to 0.6% for the current typical testing scenario, with 1.8% opting for no test.

CONCLUSIONS

Testing strategies that offer both PCR and serology with noninvasive methods and rapid turnaround time would likely have the most uptake and engagement among residents in communities with increasing community transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Key Population Hotspots in Nigeria for Targeted HIV Program Planning: Mapping, Validation, and Reconciliation (Preprint)
Authors: Lo Julia , Nwafor Samuel U , Schwitters Amee M , Mitchell Andrew , Sebastian Victor , Stafford Kristen A , Ezirim Idoteyin , Charurat Man , McIntyre Anne F
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

With the fourth highest HIV burden globally, Nigeria is characterized as having a mixed HIV epidemic with high HIV prevalence among key populations, including female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs. Reliable and accurate mapping of key population hotspots is necessary for strategic placement of services and allocation of limited resources for targeted interventions.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to map and develop a profile for the hotspots of female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs in 7 states of Nigeria to inform HIV prevention and service programs and in preparation for a multiple-source capture-recapture population size estimation effort.

METHODS

In August 2018, 261 trained data collectors from 36 key population–led community-based organizations mapped, validated, and profiled hotspots identified during the formative assessment in 7 priority states in Nigeria designated by the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. Hotspots were defined as physical venues wherein key population members frequent to socialize, seek clients, or engage in key population–defining behaviors. Hotspots were visited by data collectors, and each hotspot’s name, local government area, address, type, geographic coordinates, peak times of activity, and estimated number of key population members was recorded. The number of key population hotspots per local government area was tabulated from the final list of hotspots.

RESULTS

A total of 13,899 key population hotspots were identified and mapped in the 7 states, that is, 1297 in Akwa Ibom, 1714 in Benue, 2666 in Cross River, 2974 in Lagos, 1550 in Nasarawa, 2494 in Rivers, and 1204 in Federal Capital Territory. The most common hotspots were those frequented by female sex workers (9593/13,899, 69.0%), followed by people who inject drugs (2729/13,899, 19.6%) and men who have sex with men (1577/13,899, 11.3%). Although hotspots were identified in all local government areas visited, more hotspots were found in metropolitan local government areas and state capitals.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of key population hotspots identified in this study is more than that previously reported in similar studies in Nigeria. Close collaboration with key population–led community-based organizations facilitated identification of many new and previously undocumented key population hotspots in the 7 states. The smaller number of hotspots of men who have sex with men than that of female sex workers and that of people who inject drugs may reflect the social pressure and stigma faced by this population since the enforcement of the 2014 Same Sex Marriage (Prohibition) Act, which prohibits engaging in intimate same-sex relationships, organizing meetings of gays, or patronizing gay businesses.
Adverse Events of Interest Following Influenza Vaccination in the First Season of Adjuvanted Trivalent Immunization: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: de Lusignan Simon , Tsang Ruby S M , Akinyemi Oluwafunmi , Lopez Bernal Jamie , Amirthalingam Gayatri , Sherlock Julian , Smith Gillian , Zambon Maria , Howsam Gary , Joy Mark
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Vaccination is the most effective form of prevention of seasonal influenza; the United Kingdom has a national influenza vaccination program to cover targeted population groups. Influenza vaccines are known to be associated with some common minor adverse events of interest (AEIs), but it is not known if the adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV), first offered in the 2018/2019 season, would be associated with more AEIs than other types of vaccines.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to compare the incidence of AEIs associated with different types of seasonal influenza vaccines offered in the 2018/2019 season.

METHODS

We carried out a retrospective cohort study using computerized medical record data from the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre sentinel network database. We extracted data on vaccine exposure and consultations for European Medicines Agency–specified AEIs for the 2018/2019 influenza season. We used a self-controlled case series design; computed relative incidence (RI) of AEIs following vaccination; and compared the incidence of AEIs associated with aTIV, the quadrivalent influenza vaccine, and the live attenuated influenza vaccine. We also compared the incidence of AEIs for vaccinations that took place in a practice with those that took place elsewhere.

RESULTS

A total of 1,024,160 individuals received a seasonal influenza vaccine, of which 165,723 individuals reported a total of 283,355 compatible symptoms in the 2018/2019 season. Most AEIs occurred within 7 days following vaccination, with a seasonal effect observed. Using aTIV as the reference group, the quadrivalent influenza vaccine was associated with a higher incidence of AEIs (RI 1.46, 95% CI 1.41-1.52), whereas the live attenuated influenza vaccine was associated with a lower incidence of AEIs (RI 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.83). No effect of vaccination setting on the incidence of AEIs was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Routine sentinel network data offer an opportunity to make comparisons between safety profiles of different vaccines. Evidence that supports the safety of newer types of vaccines may be reassuring for patients and could help improve uptake in the future.
Still Desperate after Pearl Harbor: Investigations of Saburo Kurusu after the War of the Pacific
Authors: Rachel Okura Masako
Published: November 2020

Saburo Kurusu, an oft-forgotten diplomat who participated in the final three weeks of the U.S.-Japanese negotiations prior to the Pearl Harbor attack, has garnered renewed attention from diplomatic historians in the last several years. Owing to the publication of The Desperate Diplomat (Clifford & Okura, 2016), which included an original research article on Kurusu’s informal diplomacy along with his own English translation of the crucial parts in his memoir, academics now have a better understanding of his diplomatic efforts to stave off the War of the Pacific. A follow-up article, “The Desperate Diplomat Revisited (Okura, 2016),” presented perspectives from Kurusu’s collaborators in his informal diplomacy, an American financier, Barnard M. Baruch, and a Methodist minister, E. Stanley Jones, in support of his innocence. While those two studies are valuable in examining Kurusu’s involvement in the final U.S.-Japanese negotiations, they came up short in enlightening academics about what happened to Kurusu after Japan’s unconditional surrender in 1945. No studies have revealed Kurusu’s struggle after the war to debunk the myth of the deceitful ambassador. Although the International Persecution Section for the Tokyo Trials never indicted him, he was indeed under investigation. This article will seek to fill the gap in research by undertaking multi-archival studies.
Numerical Simulation of the Working Process in a Safety Valve with Additional Gas-Dynamic Coupling
Authors: Raeder T. , Tenenev V. A. , Koroleva M. R.
Published: November 2020

Рассматриваются газодинамические процессы в предохранительном клапане пружинного типа при наличии дополнительной газодинамической связи между объемом клапана и окружающей средой. Открытие клапана при выпуске газа из резервуара в окружающую среду сопровождается наполнением рабочего объема. В результате, повышение давления над поверхностью диска создает обратное усилие, препятствующее его подъему, которое может привести к неустойчивому колебательному режиму движения диска. Уменьшение этого давления позволит обеспечить устойчивую работу клапана. Дополнительная газодинамическая связь вводится для стравливания давления над поверхностью диска путем вывода газа в дополнительную полость через узкие каналы в виде цилиндрических или коаксиальных зазоров.В данной работе оценивается правомерность расчета течений вязкого газа в узких зазорах на основе одномерных уравнений газовой динамики, использование которых при численном моделировании нестационарного процесса работы клапана не увеличит существенно объем вычислений. Для доказательства возможности использования одномерного подхода приводится сравнение распределений скорости и давления газа по длине канала, полученные в результате решения задачи в двумерной и одномерной постановках.На основе алгоритма с предварительным расчетом характеристик вязкого течения в соединительных каналах, получена зависимость приведенной силы клапана от высоты подъема диска при использовании двух цилиндрических узких каналов для уменьшения давления на верхнюю поверхность диска. Показано, что в этом случае обеспечивается устойчивый режим функционирования клапана, в то время как отсутствие сброса газа может привести к неустойчивому колебательному режиму движения диска.
Factors Restricting the Application of Modern BIM-Technologies in Reconstruction Projects
Authors: Korshunova E. M. , Taranukha N. L. , Borshova P. A. , Korshunov A. F.
Published: November 2020

В статье выявлены факторы, препятствующие применению информационного моделирования зданий (BIM) в проектах реконструкции. Проекты реконструкции сталкиваются с неопределенностью высокого уровня в ходе реализации в основном из-за ненадлежащего управления информацией, недостаточного контроля качества и низкой компетентности участников. Применение передовых компьютерных инструментов, таких как BIM, которые используются как с передовыми информационными, так и коммуникационными технологиями (ИКТ), может стать способом решения проблем проектов реконструкции. Дан анализ существующих моделей информационного моделирования, используемых в строительных проектах зданий, и их краткая характеристика. Для выявления проблем предлагаются и внедрения BIM в проекты реконструкции, использование метода аналитической иерархии (МАИ). Определены этапы анализа факторов, ограничивающих применение BIM при реконструкции. На основе анализа наиболее значительных технических, организационных и управленческих проблем при применении современных технологий в проектах реконструкции выделены факторы, ограничивающие применение BIM в проектах реконструкции. Обоснована необходимость мониторинга этих факторов на протяжении всего жизненного цикла проекта. Проанализированы инструменты и действия, которые могли бы устранить выявленные факторы и повысить эффективность проектов.
Building Metacognition and Critical Thinking Using a Deliberate Approach
Authors: Donaldson Sheetal
Published: November 2020

This article describes the Context Based Learning (CBL) redesign of Nursing courses addressing life transitions, including by implementing group discussion, written concept analysis, group presentations, reflections on thinking and simulation performance, group skills analysis and a final paper.  The purpose of the study was to determine how these strategies build metacognition and thinking in the students. Both students and faculty participants agreed the structure of the courses stimulated thinking and metacognition, especially through group discussion of the presentations based on the concept analysis. Students said listening and a safe learning environment helped them think and reflect. However, the larger the group and the more faculty controlled the group, the less thinking developed. This study provides insights into the importance of a safe learning environment, listening, group size and faculty control in the development of thinking and self-reflection in small group CBL format that may be applicable to many disciplines.

 

Dans cet article, nous examinons la refonte, axée sur l’apprentissage fondé sur le contenu, des cours en soins infirmiers portant sur les transitions de la vie. Cette refonte comprend la mise en place de la discussion de groupe, de l’analyse de concepts à l’écrit, de présentations de groupe, de réflexions sur la pensée et de simulations, d’analyses de compétence en groupe et d’un travail final. L’étude visait à déterminer de quelle manière ces stratégies permettent de bâtir des capacités de pensée et de métacognition chez les étudiants. Les participants à l’étude, qu’ils soient étudiants ou enseignants, ont reconnu que la structure des cours avait eu pour effet de mobiliser la pensée et la métacognition, tout particulièrement lors des discussions de groupe portant sur les présentations fondées sur l’analyse des concepts. Les étudiants ont dit que l’écoute ainsi qu’un milieu d’apprentissage sûr les ont aidés à penser et à réfléchir. Toutefois, plus le nombre d’étudiants était élevé et plus les enseignants exerçaient un contrôle sur le groupe, moins la pensée trouvait à s’épanouir. Notre étude permet de mesurer l’importance d’un milieu d’apprentissage sûr, de l’écoute, de la taille du groupe et du contrôle exercé par l’enseignant dans le développement de la pensée et de l’autoréflexion dans le contexte de l’apprentissage fondé sur le contenu en petits groupes. Ces résultats pourraient s’appliquer à beaucoup d’autres disciplines.
Una aproximación a la producción bajo un enfoque sustentable: caso pequeñas y medianas empresas de Cundinamarca
Authors:   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia, González Abraham , Romero María ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia, Calderón Camilo ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
Published: November 2020

La producción con enfoque sustentable busca que las empresas alcancen desarrollo económico y social sin comprometer el medioambiente. A partir de este principio se desarrolló la presente investigación con el fin de caracterizar las pymes del departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia, a partir de indicadores de medición de logros en producción sustentable. Se planteó una investigación descriptiva, no experimental de campo. Inicialmente se realizó una revisión documental trabajando con las bases de datos Scopus, Emerald, ScienceDirect y Web of Science, considerando una ventana temporal en el periodo 2009-2019, con el propósito de identificar los indicadores a medir. Se construyó un instrumento de recolección de información con 14 preguntas tipo Likert. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico intencional, seleccionando105 empresas. La validez del instrumento se obtuvo con el juicio de siete expertos y la confiabilidad al aplicar el alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados permitieron evidenciar que las pymes deben realizar transformaciones estructurales en sus procesos para estar en armonía con los sistemas sociales, ambientales y económicos, aspectos que, en general, engloban la sustentabilidad. Asimismo, se encontró que la producción limpia es la que requiere mayor esfuerzo. Finalmente, se reconoce que las medianas empresas, en general, están más enfocadas en el trabajo de producción sustentable que las pequeñas.
Formación de mediadores escolares en territorios de conflicto armado: el caso de la Escuela Normal Superior de La Cruz-Nariño
Authors:   Universidad de Nariño, Pasto, Colombia, Rosero Gomajoa Juan Pablo
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio, realizado en el año 2019, tuvo como objetivo establecer lineamientos para la formación de mediadores en resolución de conflictos escolares en zonas de conflicto armado. Se llevó a cabo en la Escuela Normal Superior de Mayo, ubicada en el municipio de La Cruz, departamento de Nariño (Colombia), con el cuarto semestre del ciclo complementario (normalistas), compuesto por 35 estudiantes, entre ellos 17 hombres y 18 mujeres, que oscilan entre los 18 y 24 años de edad. La investigación estuvo orientada bajo un paradigma cualitativo, de tipo etnográfico, en el cual se aplicaron entrevistas, encuestas y talleres con miembros de la comunidad educativa, las cuales fueron procesadas por el software Atlas.ti 8. Los resultados versan sobre la necesidad de contemplar la mediación escolar como eje estructural del ejercicio educativo en contextos de conflicto armado. Las conclusiones dejan en evidencia que el conocimiento de herramientas de mediación escolar, por parte de los normalistas, les permite solucionar de manera pacífica y eficaz, los conflictos escolares, y a la vez, posibilitar una convivencia más amena coadyuvando a la reconstrucción del tejido social.
STUDENTS’ REFLECTIVE ABSTRACTION ABILITY ON LINEAR ALGEBRA PROBLEM SOLVING AND RELATIONSHIP WITH PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Kariadinata Rahayu
Published: November 2020

This study aims to describe the achievement of the ability of students' reflective abstraction in solving Linear Algebra problems and the relationship with prerequisite knowledge. The important of this research because the characteristic of Linear Algebra requiring reflectif abstraction skill that must be support by the prerequisite knowledge. The reflective abstraction abilities studied in this study are level, i.e.1) recognition,2) representation, 3) structural abstraction, and 4) structural awareness. These stages are adjusted to Polya's problem solving stages, namely: understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back. This type of research is descriptive-quantitative. The subjects of this study were students of the Mathematics Education Study Program, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Indonesia. Collecting data through tests and interviews, data were analyzed with percentage and the pearson product-moment correlation.The results showed that the achievement level  consisiting of ) recognition,2) representation, 3) structural abstraction, and 4) structural awareness of the students’ reflective abstraction abilities on linear algebra problem solving are very good, this can be seen from the percentage achieved at stages of the recognition,the representation,the structural abstraction, and the structural awareness which is associated with Polya problem solving measures above an average of 73,31% (moderat category); there are relationship between students' reflective abstraction abilities and their prerequisite knowledge; and prerequisite knowledge influences the students’reflective abstraction abilities
COMPREENSÕES DE CURRÍCULO POR LICENCIANDOS DE QUÍMICA
Authors: Queiroz Indman Ruana Lima , Massena Elisa Prestes
Published: November 2020

A busca por processos de ensino e aprendizagem de qualidade demanda um olhar atento para as compreensões curriculares de professores de química e aquelas discutidas ao longo de sua formação. Desse modo, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar como formandos de um curso de Licenciatura em Química compreendem o currículo. Para isso, realizamos uma entrevista com os formandos do curso em questão, cujas transcrições foram analisadas por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados apontam que os formandos apresentam compreensões de currículo ora polarizadas para uma prescrição ora para uma construção. Essas compreensões nos permitem refletir a respeito da construção curricular desses futuros professores. Além disso, a pesquisa contribuiu para que sejam (re)pensadas formas de intervenção na formação inicial de professores, que cooperem para processos de construção curricular autônomos e críticos na futura profissão.
BACKGROUNDS, FOREGROUNDS E A EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA CRÍTICA
Authors: Carreta Cecy Leite Alves , Santos Cintia Aparecida Bento dos
Published: November 2020

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular é um documento de caráter normativo que objetiva nortear e uniformizar o que é ensinado nas escolas brasileiras, abrangendo todas as fases da Educação Básica. Devido a essa dimensão, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo buscar e analisar aspectos ligados aos backgrounds, foregrounds e a Educação Matemática Crítica, presentes na Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Sendo assim, considera-se importante a presença dos backgrounds e foregrounds, pois estão relacionados com os experiências anteriores vivenciadas pelo individuo e as oportunidades propiciadas a partir de sua condição social, política e cultural, já a Educação Matemática Crítica demonstra sua importância para a formação de cidadãos críticos. A partir do exposto, constata-se a necessidade do documento norteador do trabalho pedagógico do professor, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular, apresentar aspectos que subsidiam a prática docente contendo orientações e exigências para auxiliar na promoção de uma educação pautada nessas ideias. O foco da análise será direcionado para a seção referente à Matemática, porém o documento será analisado em sua totalidade. Metodologicamente, esta é uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa que utilizará a análise de conteúdo para categorizar e estruturar a análise proposta. Teoricamente, fundamenta-se nos estudos envolvendo a Educação Matemática Crítica, os backgrounds e foregrounds. A Base Nacional Comum Curricular apresenta aspectos ligados aos backgrounds, foregrounds e a Educação Matemática Crítica, evidenciando a importância da cidadania crítica, o respeito aos conhecimentos prévios e os significados produzidos pelos alunos.
A (IM)POSSIBILIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL
Authors: Vidal Pereira Talita , Bernardino Sirino Marcio
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo, as contribuições de aportes pós-estruturais e pós-fundacionais são mobilizadas para sustentar a (im)possibilidade de uma Educação Integral (EI). De uma perspectiva discursiva de interpretação dos fenômenos sociais, a EI é entendida como um nome que se hegemoniza, passando a representar uma promessa de plenitude-por-vir humana e social. O nome Educação Integral é assumido, a partir da Teoria do Discurso de Ernesto Laclau, como um significante saturado de significados em disputas incessantes para fixar uma identidade plena e idealizada. Um processo em que lógicas ou narrativas fantasmáticas prometem a ‘salvação’ humana e uma plenitude-por-vir. Como material empírico, foram selecionadas quatro experiências de EI: Centro Educacional Carneiro Ribeiro (CECR), Centro Integrado de Educação Pública (CIEP), Centro de Atenção Integral à Criança (CAIC) e o Programa Mais Educação (PME), assumidas como políticas curriculares, a partir das quais são interpretados sentidos dessas lógicas articulados e negociados nos textos políticos.
CURRÍCULO NA RELAÇÃO MUSEU-ESCOLA
Authors: Biondo Franco Gomes , Lima Maria Jacqueline Girão Soares de
Published: November 2020

Este texto é derivado de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar produções curriculares desenvolvidas em e a partir de visitas escolares ao Aquário Marinho do Rio de Janeiro (AquaRio). Inicialmente discutimos a dimensão educativa dos museus de ciência para abordar a pedagogia museal. Em seguida, tecemos considerações sobre a noção de currículo museal. Localizamos essa discussão no âmbito do AquaRio a partir dos dados empíricos produzidos – por meio de uma investigação do site da instituição e da realização de entrevistas com professores – e analisados a partir da análise temática. Argumentamos que os sentidos valorizados nas exposições do AquaRio – embasadas nas Ciências da Natureza e na Educação Ambiental – podem ser ressignificados em cada mediação e em desdobramentos posteriores pelos praticantespensantes dos currículos escolares.
CURRÍCULOS OFICIAIS E PRATICADOS NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM HISTÓRIA NA FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA SANTA DOROTÉIA
Authors: Nunes Ferreirinha de Souza Aline , Barbosa de Oliveira Inês
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta algumas das alterações curriculares efetuadas no curso de licenciatura em História da Faculdade de Filosofia Santa Dorotéia (FFSD), entre os anos de 2001-2009, relacionando estas modificações com as políticas educacionais do período e os principais documentos legais referentes à área do currículo e da formação docente, vigentes em nosso país, no período temporal em análise. Com foco teórico-epistemológico-metodológico nas pesquisas nos/dos/com os cotidianos, podemos dizer que desafia as regras acadêmicas hegemônicas em relação às pesquisas em Educação, do currículo e da formação de professores, importando-se não só com documentos e normas, mas também com os acontecimentos cotidianos. O texto dialoga com as ações efetivamente desenvolvidas pelos praticantes de currículos que atuavam na instituição, professores e estudantes. Usando a noção de Currículo como Criação Cotidiana, a pesquisa de doutorado na origem deste texto se consubstancia como uma pesquisa qualitativa. A instituição educacional foco deste estudo dedicou-se durante anos à formação docente, através da oferta de variados cursos de licenciatura, dentre eles a licenciatura em História. Além disso, ao longo do texto tecemos relações entre a estrutura curricular da licenciatura em História da FFSD e a formação docente na área, em geral, e os currículos praticados pelos seus docentes em particular. Para dar conta destes objetivos, é necessário dialogar com diversificadas fontes, com destaque para as documentais e as bibliográficas, abordando questões que envolvem os currículos da licenciatura em História, seus praticantes e sua relação com a formação dos professores e professoras desta disciplina na Santa Dorotéia.
LOS ESTUDIOS CURRICULARES COMO CONVERSACIÓN INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Mardones Daniel Johnson
Published: November 2020

Situándose en lo que podríamos denominar la hibridad existencial latinoamericana, este texto representa uno más de “los esfuerzos del campo para extender su conversación académica más allá las fronteras nacionales en las que se practica” (Pinar, 2006, p. 165) poniendo en el centro la preocupación por las tendencias en las redes de circulación de conocimientos a nivel planetario de lo que se ha llamado “violencia epistémica” (Spivak) o “epistemicidio” (Souza Santos)     curricular (Paraskeva, 2016). De esta manera, lo que podríamos llamar el campo curricular en Latinoamérica entra en esta conversación internacional consciente de su carácter híbrido, un campo mestizo, que busca mover el movimiento de internacionalización de los estudios curriculares aún lucha con una propensión a normalizar “las diferencias lingüísticas, culturales y raciales bajo el canon autorizado de racionalidad euroamericana” (Ropo y Autio, 2009, p. 3), avanzando los conceptos de conversación y dialogo intercultural al centro de la conversación internacional sobre curriculum.
Transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: An aggressive disease
Authors: Kasinathan Ganesh , Lee Bee Sun
Published: November 2020

A 59-year old gentleman with transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome
to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia was treated with standard intensive
chemotherapy. His poor outcome was attributed to advanced age,
aggressive disease biology, underlying myelodysplastic syndrome, poor
response to induction chemotherapy, high lactate dehydrogenase and lack
of good cytogenetic and molecular mutations.
Normalization characteristics of unsaturated undisturbed Ili loess with high level of soluble salt contents
Authors: Niu Lisi , Ren Wenyuan , Zhang Aijun , Wang Yuguo , Zhao Jiamin , Zhao Qingyu
Published: November 2020

In order to reveal the mechanical characteristics of the unsaturated
undisturbed Ili loess in westerly region, the isotropic compression
tests controlling suction, the triaxial shrinkage tests controlling net
mean stress and consolidation shear tests controlling net confining
pressure and suction were carried out under different soluble salt
contents. The objective of investigation is to explore the normalized
characteristics of compression curve, soil water characteristic curve
and critical state line. The results show that the ratio of void ratio
to initial void ratio and the ratio of net mean stress to yield net mean
stress are suitable to normalize the compression curves under different
suctions in the isotropic compression test. The soil water
characteristic curves under different net mean stresses in the triaxial
shrinkage test can be normalized by the ratio of water content to
saturated water content and the ratio of suction to air entry value. In
the consolidation shear test controlling constant suction, the
unsaturated critical state lines under different suctions can be
normalized by the corresponding saturated critical state line in the
plane of effective net mean stress and deviator stress. The unsaturated
critical state lines under different suctions in the plane of void ratio
and net mean stress can be normalized by means of degree of gas
saturation and the ratio of unsaturated void ratio to saturated void
ratio under the same effective net mean stress. The results provide
potential benefits for the constructions of large-scale water
conservancy projects in the special area of Central Asia.
The existence and uniqueness of fractional boundary value problems of the Riesz-Caputo differential equations with nonlocal conditions
Authors: toprakseven şuayip
Published: November 2020

By using the fixed point theorems, we give sufficient conditions for the
existence and uniqueness of solutions for the nonlocal fractional
boundary value problem of nonlinear Riesz-Caputo differential equation.
The boundedness assumption on the nonlinear term is replaced by growth
conditions or by a continuous function. Finally, some examples are
presented to illustrate the applications of the obtained results.
COVID-19 Risk with Electrophysiology Procedures During the Pandemic
Authors: Mitra Raman , Pagan Eric , Chang David , Gabriels James , Mansoor Amtul , Kim Beom Soo , Skipitaris Nicholas , Goldner Bruce , Kowalski Marcin , Epstein Laurence , Akhrass Philippe , Beldner Stuart , Chinitz Jason , Ismail Haisam , Jadonath Ram , John Roy , Maccaro Paul , Mountantonakis Stavros , Saleh Moussa , Shah Rina , Willner Jonathan
Published: November 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has overwhelmed healthcare
systems worldwide often at the cost of patients with serious
non-COVID-19 conditions. Outcomes and risks of contracting COVID-19 in
patients hospitalized during the pandemic are unknown. Objective: To
report our experience in safely performing electrophysiology procedures
during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We examined non-COVID-19 patients
who underwent electrophysiology procedures during the peak of the
pandemic between March 16, 2020 and May 11, 2020 at seven Northwell
Health hospitals. We developed a priority algorithm to stratify
inpatients and outpatients requiring electrophysiology procedures and
instituted a protocol to minimize hospital length of stay (LOS). All
patients underwent post discharge 30-day tele-health follow-up and chart
review up to 150 days. Results: A total of 217 patients underwent
electrophysiology procedures, of which 86 (39%) patients were
outpatients. A total of 108 (49.8%) patients had a LOS less than 24
hours, including 74 device implantations and generator changes, 24
cardioversions, five ablations, and one electrophysiology study. There
were eleven (5.1%) procedure or arrhythmia related re-admissions and
two (0.9%) minor procedural complications. Overall average hospital LOS
was 83.4±165.1 hours and a median of 24.0 hours. For outpatient
procedures, average hospital LOS was 9.4±13.4 hours and a median of 4.3
hours. Overall follow-up time was 83.9 ±42 days and a median of 84 days.
During follow-up, two (0.9%) patients tested positive for COVID-19 and
recovered uneventfully. No deaths occurred. Conclusion: During the peak
of the COVID-19 pandemic, patients safely underwent essential
electrophysiological procedures without increased incidence of acquiring
COVID-19.
Contribution of Agricultural Exports to Economic Growth in Pakistan
Authors:   Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, Zaib-un-nisa Zaib-un-nisa
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this analysis is to explore and quantify the contribution of agricultural exports to economic growth in Pakistan. We estimated the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and agricultural and non-agricultural exports for Pakistan using the Johansen co -integration technique for the period. The results of the study show that agricultural exports have a significant and negative effect on economic growth, while the elasticity of agricultural exports is 0.58. Furthermore, there is a bi-directional causality in agricultural exports and in real GDP. It is suggested to promote non-agricultural exports.
Imperfect inventory model for trended demand under radio frequency identification and trade credit
Authors: Shah Nita , Naik Monika
Published: November 2020

In this paper, models on concepts of radio frequency identification adoption (RFID), imperfect products reworking system, and trade credit for deteriorating inventory with / without utilizing the preservation investment technology are derived, which makes this article, a unique one. Estimation of optimal values of RIFD levels of investment for ordering, operating, just in time efficiencies along with production cycle time, and preservation investment are carried out. The rate of market demand is quadratic in nature based on time and is suitable for the items for which demand rises primarily, and then after it begins to decline. This form of demand is applicable to a vast range of items like garments, fashion accessories, electronics, etc.. The model is further divided into two cases based on demand rate and products reworking of imperfect quality items. Further, in each case, four subcases based on credit period and time of production cycle are analysed. The main objective of the inventory problem is to calculate total manufacturing cost in each subcase. The classical optimization technique is utilized for calculating the optimal values of decision variables. For the validation of developed models in each case, numerical examples are demonstrated, then using the concept of eigen-values of a Hessian matrix, we have proved the convex nature of the systems total cost for the case which has the minimum total cost. Also the decision variable sensitivity analysis is done by altering the inventory parameters for generating fruitful managerial insights. The model derived in this article can be applied in supply chain management of packaged food products/seasonal food products/milk products like butter, cheese, etc., where the tags for RFID are applied to track eatable/milk items of during delivery and storing. Also, if the model deals with a product of improper production, then it undergoes the reworking process.
Guidelines for using A global standard for the identification of Key Biodiversity Areas: version 1.1
Authors:   IUCN KBA Standards and Appeals Committee
Published: November 2020

Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) are sites that contribute significantly to the global persistence of biodiversity. The purpose of the Guidelines for using A Global Standard for the Identification of Key Biodiversity Areas is to ensure that KBA identification is based on consistent, scientifically rigorous yet practical methods. These KBA Guidelines provide an overview of the steps for identifying and delineating KBAs, together with explanation of how the KBA criteria, thresholds and delineation procedures should be applied in practice. The KBA Guidelines should be used hand-in-hand with the KBA Standard (IUCN, 2016).