bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the main fans of the active underground mines JP PEU - Resavica
Authors: Todorović Vladimir , Trivan Jelena , Tošić Dražana , Figun Ljubica
Published: October 2021

Ventilation is a very important phase in mining from the point of view of continuous works in the underground mines and safety of the employees. For the ventilation of the active underground mines of JP PEU Resavica the artificial ventilation is used with the main fans installed within the ventilation in active plants. According to the characteristics of the ventilation networks, the appropriate main fans were also selected. In this paper, the characteristics of fans in the active underground mines and an analysis of their works are presented, and the suggestions for their improvement are given within the discussion
Developmental tendencies for the digital perspective
Authors: Todosijević-Lazović Snežana , Katanić Zoran , Todosijević Miloš , Radosavljević Damnjan
Published: October 2021

Development processes are ongoing. Jumping growth and development in the social systems is not possible. It is possible to accelerate the technological and technological progress in accordance with the evolutionary laws of gradualism. The existence of created values throughout the history of creation must correspond in a harmonized form with nature. More knowledge and less distrust is the formula for the survival of human civilization. Rational intentions of survival and duration are the results, not profits. Is the ecological movement a revolt against a conspiracy to destroy natural resources and its natural laws based on the evolutionary functioning? For the purpose of active response, it appears that the material aspect of development will increasingly be replaced by the non-material and innovative achievements. What is in sight: intellectual capitalism or the destructive power of mind and capital? Due to the fragmentation of knowledge, we have to rediscover the theory of systems and systems approach, as well as cybernetics. A comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to innovative issues emerges as the first scientific, professional and systemic prerequisite for the success of a business in which an organization is intent on innovating. Due to the fact that the evolutionary trends, including digitalization, have led to the significant revisions of many current understandings, research into these topics is linked to accelerating the materialization of the scientific and technical developments. Industry 4.0 happened to us. That is not a surprise. These are the evolutionary processes that are a function of the emergence and disappearance of certain technologies (mechanical, energy, informatics) on the principle of the dual effect of technical progress: affirmative and devaluing. Will digitization squeeze out a market like the market eliminated feudalism? The digital perspective comes to us at the speed of acceleration (the first derivation of the velocity vector). It is the result of innovative processes that take place under the evolutionary laws. It is a symbiosis of information, cyber and digitized structures as the paradigms of digital perspective. The new non-industrialized economies have emerged and will emerge that will characterize the coming time. Every economy will strive to create the elements of its protection through the power of appearances or the laws of defense.
Changes in a function of transformation as the challenges of tomorrow
Authors: Todosijević Snežana , Todosijević Miloš , Katanić Zoran , Radosavljević Damnjan
Published: October 2021

In the world of growing uncertainty, a change is the road without real purpose. Upcoming events can be successfully planned and controlled in a shorter time perspective. With time distance from the current standing point, the level of uncertainty increases while probability of outcomes of events that occurred with an effect of change decrease. Dominant challengers of changes in the enterprises are the technical progress and competition. Reaction of an enterprise is its answer on challenges of changes. At the beginning, we think that we know where the change will take us, and expressed if it will be a fact for us to last as long as possible, because of the fact that at some point end will come to the existing, because a change with some other working change is inevitable. Ability to understand changes is a condition to its implementation. Changes in terms of development require an adaptation and active recurrent action, and who manages to adapt to the developing trends and conditions of environment will last and exist, who does not, will disappear.
Formation analysis of Maglajci-Moštanica ophiolytic zones in the North of Kozara for the use of rocks in construction
Authors: Milošević Aleksej , Vuković Boško , Čelebić Miodrag
Published: October 2021

Based on the field work and laboratory research, the basic geological characteristics of the ophiolitic melange of northern Kozara are presented, with an emphasis on the Maglajci ophiolitic block. Criteria for separations of formations were established and then applied in the analysis, especially those geologically directly recognizable in the field and outcrops, so one ore formation with two ore subformations was separated in the Maglajci block. In the central zone of block, the basalt outflows and diabase are dominant, while in the south of the block it is an outflow basaltic sequence of the ocean floor with the acidic differences of rhyolites and keratophyres. The second subformation also includes the Moštanica and Vojkova Bloc as a whole. The ore bearing formation is evaluated as a medium to low perspective formation, while parts of the Maglajci block with a massive to brecciated outflow are highly perspective terrain. There are rocks of good physical-mechanical characteristics and they meet the most requesting standards for road building. The results of formation analysis have denied a prior prognosis of ore bearing characteristics of this area, because it was thought that the ophiolitic blocks was built almost exclusively of diabase, and that the fields with those blocks are equally and good perspective for researching the deposits of construction stone.
Selection of a dedusting system for the lime stone preparation plant in the deposit "Zagradje-5"
Authors: Ilić Miloš , Milutinović Sandra , Rajković Branislav , Urošević Daniela
Published: October 2021

This paper presents an example of a dedusting system in the deposit "Zagradje-5" with the use of two different dedusting systems in order to more efficiently removal of harmful dust from the plant. The analysis is done by calculation and is a universal method of calculating the dedusting system, the results of which are necessary to verify the reliable operation of selected equipment. The technical characteristics of the filter and deduster as well as the technological scheme of dedusting are also given.
Faecal transplantation and Clostridioides difficile infection
Authors: Knežević Darija , Petković Miroslav
Published: October 2021

Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), known equally well as faecal transplantation or faecal bacteriotherapy, is the process of implanting the faecal suspension containing balanced microbiota from a healthy donor to the colon of a recipient patient. Excessive growth of Clostridioides difficile (C difficile) in the intestinal microbiota resulting from antibiotic consumption is currently a rising threat to public health. FMT is one of the most important, newer approaches to treating C difficile infections. Since C difficile is regarded as an opportunistic bacterium triggering disease in conditions of disturbed homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, restoration of healthy intestinal microflora facilitates suppression of toxic strain of C difficile by anaerobic bacteria of normal intestinal microflora with concomitant cure. Nurses have important role in caring for patients after faecal transplantation.
Determination of ELISA reactive mumps IgG antibodies in MMR vaccine recipients in comparison with MMR vaccine naive children: A cross sectional study
Authors: Gupta Riya , Saxena Naveen , Gupta Parul
Published: October 2021

Background/Aim: Mumps is by vaccine preventable infectious disease characterised by parotitis. In India mumps vaccines are not currently used under National Immunisation Programme (NIP). Waning of vaccine-induced immunity is considered to play a central role in the re-emergence of mumps. The comprehensive data on the seroepidemiology of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) as well as studies which compare the antibody titre among mumps vaccine naiveand mumps vaccinated children are lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare mumps specific antibody titre in children with and without MMR vaccine. Methods: In 2019/2020, blood samples were collected from 100 healthy children attending immunisation clinic in Government Medical College Kota and associated J K Lon Maternal and Child care hospital Kota. The samples were investigated for MMR IgG antibodies using ELISA. Results: Out of total 100 children included in the study, 32.27 % vaccinated and 4.83 % non-vaccinated children were positive for mumps IgG antibody in the age group of 6 months to 6 years of age. Children aged 6 to 12 years, vaccinated and non-vaccinated, had 31.57 % and 26.57 % positivity, respectively. The seroprevalence of measles, mumps and rubella antibodies among 50 MMR vaccinated children were 94 %, 64 %, and 96 %, respectively. A high measles and rubella seroprevalences were observed among all children age groups, suggesting an effective control program, while the mumps seroprevalence decreased significantly with age. Conclusion: The maximum vaccine effectiveness against mumps for 2 doses of MMR vaccine is ≈ 96 %. The herd immunity threshold to block mumps virus transmission is ≥ 86 %. In this study only 64 % of the vaccinated children were found to have IgG mumps antibodies. In view of morbidity following mumps infection there is a need to incorporate mumps vaccine along with measles and rubella vaccine in the NIP instead of Mr.
The clinical and pathological characteristics and survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Popović Miroslav , Milić-Radić Tanja , Cerić-Banićević Arnela
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynaecologic malignancies. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the clinical pathological characteristics and survival analysis of primarily operated patients with advanced stages of malignant epithelial ovarian tumour. Methods: The research was conducted as a cohort study with 59 patients with FIGO stage III and IV, which were primarily operated between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2010 (three years). Age, comorbidities, BMI, presence of ascites, the level of the marker CA-125, histopathology and FIGO stage were analysed. The survival rate was estimated at the level of 1, 3 and 5 years. Results: The median age was 53 years (range 29-86). The most common histopathological type was serous (66.1 %) and the most common FIGO stage was 3a (49.2 %). Optimal cytoreduction was performed in 35.5 % of patients, 84.7 % of patients survived for one year, 44.1 % three years and 37.3 % for five years. The median survival was 26.25 months (range 0-91). Chi-square test showed significant difference between the number of months of survival and: the value of CA125 (t = 2.004, p = 0.050), cytoreduction (p < 0.001) and FIGO stage (p < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, optimal cytoreduction and FIGO stage significantly influence survival (p < 0.001). Optimal cytoreduction (< 2 cm of residual disease) had the highest prognostic value for survival. A total five-year survival in this study was 37.3 %.
The Europe-Balkan and primitive-civilised antinomies in Micić's Zenit Magazine
Authors: Metlić Dijana
Published: October 2021

Ljubomir Micić was the founder of Zenitism and the editor of Zenit, the international avant-garde magazine published in Zagreb and Belgrade from 1921 to 1926. Sharply criticising a decadent European culture after the Great War and accepting progressive avant-garde ideas, Micić praised the New art founded on the principles of NEO-primitivism and Russian constructivism, following the technological and scientific progress of the 20th century. Analysing the Zenitist Balkanisation of Europe project led by Barbarogenius, I will point out to Micić's attitude towards the old continent, his efforts to oppose the image of the Balkans as "the inner other of Europe", and his aspiration to revive European culture with the primordial Balkan energy. Declaring the Balkans the sixth continent, the geographical space of the poets, Micić postulated a model of cultural barbarism by which he stood against the established primacy of Western European nations over those that were characterised "less civilised". This paper aims to point out to Micić's understanding of the relationship between the Balkans and Europe, as well as the so-called primitive-civilised opposition, in order to highlight internationalism, pacifism and cosmopolitanism as the key elements of his Zenitosophy
Silhouettes of the Revolution: Ideas of V. I. Lenin, L. D. Trotsky and A. V. Lunacharsky in Zenith (1921-1926)
Authors: Lalatović Jelena
Published: October 2021

The matters of the October Revolution are present on several levels in Zenit from the first issue until the closing of the magazine. The October Revolution appears as a topic in Zenit in discussions about Soviet Avant-garde art, as well as the sociopolitical consequences of the Revolution, but also as a symbol of the destruction of old civilisation, one of the fundamental programme principles of Zenitism. This paper analyses the strategies for shaping the concept and discourse on the October Revolution in Zenit. First, the intertextual connections between the texts that speak about the Soviet artistic Avant-garde and the texts about the political Avant-garde of the October Revolution are reconstructed, i.e. their ideological and aesthetic unity as a product of Ljubomir Micić's editorial policy. Then, the second level of analysis occurs through a comparative reading of the programmatic principles of Zenithism and the ideas of the representatives of the Soviet political Avant-garde - Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, Leon Davidovich Trotsky and Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky. The aim of this paper is to examine how the figures of revolutionary leaders and artists, and the reception of their works and texts in the Zenit magazine, shaped the Zenitist understanding of the historical role of Avant-garde art as new art. Furthermore, special attention is paid to the interpretation of Zenit's artistic ideology in the context of revolutionary Marxism, i.e. to the analysis of implicit ambivalences between artistic individuality, on the one hand, and the Avant-garde and Revolution, as collective events, on the other.
The significance of the Ljubljana Maska Journal (1920/21) in the context of the Yugoslav avant-garde
Authors: Pranjić Kristina
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the publications of Ljubomir Micić and Branko Ve Poljanski in Maska, the Ljubljana performing arts journal from 1920. While with his engagement in Maska Micić primarily wanted to present himself as a writer outside Zagreb (first, he published in Maska a review of the play Anfisa, and then his own play Istočni Greh was reviewed), Poljanski used his engagement in Maska for a polemic with Ljubljana critics, to later continue his critical response to Ljubljana's artistic milieu in his journal Svetokret, as well as in Zenit. Moreover, one of Poljanski's main motives for publishing an independent journal in Ljubljana was the continuation of the polemic he had started in Maska. Therefore, this article presents the assumption that for a complete genealogy of the beginnings of cooperation between Slovenian avantgarde and representatives of Yugoslav zenithism, it is necessary to take into account Maska, although it was not considered a revolutionary or avant-garde journal. Yet, its aspiration to become international and its openness to different languages and polemics contributed to the exchange of opinions about art and criticism of the time, which was a fruitful ground for the development of relations between various representatives of the Yugoslav avant-garde and their independent actions.
Krzysztof Knittel's chamber opera and Agnieszka Stulgińska's music theatre: Examples of a new syncretistic medium in contemporary Polish music
Authors: Karwaszewska Monika
Published: October 2021

This essay analyses and interprets the scores, recordings, and media used in Knittel and King's The Heart Piece - Double Opera (1999) and Stulgińska's Three Women for three women and ten instruments (2017), two semi-improvised Polish operas using performance art and interaction between sound, text, choreography, lighting, theatrical form and electronic medium. In Stuglińska's modern music theatre, the listener follows different sound sources and the setting: choreography, performers' and speakers' arrangement on stage, props and lighting, whose intensity dictates the form. The Heart Piece chamber opera is a two - Polish and American - composers' take on Müller's play Herzstück, with separate movements in their native languages. Music and text create an interactive setting, and their notation and semantics make music both seen and heard. These works use the concept of hybridization and, in Wolf's terminology, intracompositional intermediality, where different means of expression create an intermedial discourse, a complementary whole and a new syncretistic medium.
Spatiality as creativity in the music of Kaija Saariaho: A reflection with a focus on 'Lichtbogen'
Authors: van Herck
Published: October 2021

In this article Saariaho's music - with a focus on Lichtbogenis explored from the perspective of spatiality. First, Saariaho's connection with Finland is discussed and in particular how Finnish space and time have influenced her music.Together with space, there is the relation between time and light. In fact, the creative process by Saariaho is strongly influenced by visual experiences. The title of Lichtbogen refers to the Nordic lights, and therefore it is an interesting example. In her article on similarities between architecture and music, Saariaho defines with great clarity her music: "Capturing time and giving it form." In this phrase she connects the aspect of time and space with musical form. Understanding how Saariaho'sconception of musical form brings the concept of a multidimensional network to the discussion. Saariaho developed this concept for Verblendungen, and the same principle has been used for an analysis of Lichtbogen. This analysis is not a score analysis, instead, it is based on the listening experience of several recordings. As Saariaho is concerned with the perception of her music, a listening-based graphic analysis is proposed based on listening. It captures an illuminating perspective on the form of Lichtbogen. Given the importance of timbre in Saariaho's music, and the way how timbre and form are connected, the question of her relation with spectral music is unavoidable. Saariaho lived in Paris during the '80s, when early spectralism made important developments. And her music is indeed deeply influenced by the spectral approach in many ways. However, there are differences, especially regarding her attitude towards musical form. Finally the discussion about space is taken to the perspective of electronics and how they contribute to the expression of space. In Lichtbogen, the amplification is used to make those sounds on the threshold of audibility audible, and the reverb is used to create virtual spaces. The concept of space is integrated in the composition itself. In conclusion, the concept of space is central to Saariaho's creativity. This connection is approached in this article from various perspectives.It illustrates how important the space is, in connection with time and light, in Saariaho'scompositional work.
Multiple Sclerosis and MyChart Messaging: A Retrospective Chart Review Evaluating Its Use
Authors: Khalil Nadia , Aungst Angela , Casady Lise , Allison Kevin , Fiascki Ryann , Curbelo Christian , Maldonado Janice , Robertson Derrick
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:

Understanding patterns of MyChart (Epic Systems Corporation) messaging has the potential to alter clinical practice. However, because most research evaluating its use has been conducted in limited contexts, utilization patterns in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) remain unclear. We characterized factors associated with high rates of MyChart messaging for patients with MS at an academic outpatient clinic.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 439 patients in our center’s database. Inclusion criteria were 1 or more clinic visits and MS diagnosis. We extracted demographic data, disease-specific characteristics, and MyChart messaging information.

RESULTS:

Of the patients in the database, 324 (74%) were MyChart users. MyChart users were more often younger (mean ± SD age, 50.1 ± 12.6 vs 55.0 ± 13.7 years; P < .001), had shorter mean ± SD duration since diagnosis (11.9 ± 8.3 vs 15.8 ± 10.8 years; P = .0013), had lower mean ± SD Patient-Determined Disease Steps scale scores (2.8 ± 2.3 vs 3.5 ± 2.5; P = .0107), and were more likely to be using high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (χ21,323 = 6.7; P = .009). Messaging rates correlated positively with total number of unique medications (R = 0.17; P = .003) and negatively with age (R = −0.11; P = .018).

CONCLUSIONS:

Although previous research has implicated arm-hand disability and impaired vision as barriers to patient portal use, these findings suggest the relationship between MS-specific disease burden and MyChart utilization is also a function of underlying medical complexity beyond physical disability. These data may serve as groundwork for investigations in other disease-specific settings and for quality improvement research to mitigate these high rates in at-risk patients to optimize provider time investment, clinic productivity, and patient safety and minimize health care provider burnout.
Interference effect in high order harmonic generation by aligned O2
Authors: Yuan Chang-Quan , Guo Ying-Chun , Wang Bing-Bing ,   School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China,   Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: October 2021

High order harmonic generation (HHG) is an important phenomenon when atoms or molecules interact with an intense laser field. It can be used to generate ultrashort laser source, and can also be used to investigate the atomic and molecular dynamics and obtain the electric structure information of molecules. All these require to understand in depth the mechanism of HHG. There are complicated interference effects in HHG spectra of molecules due to multiple re-collision atomic centers in the molecule. In this paper, spectra of aligned O2 molecule in linearly polarized laser field is investigated by using the Lewenstein' s model. The dependence of the spectrum on the angle θ between the nuclear axis of the molecule and the laser polarization direction is obtained. It is shown that the maximum yield of HHG occurs at θ of 45°, which is in consistence with the experimental result. In addition, it is found that there exists a minimum value in the HHG spectrum for any given value of θ. The harmonic order corresponding to the minimum increases with θ increasing. It is found that the minimum comes from the coherent superposition of contributions from two channels. One channel refers to that the ionized electron from one atomic center, subjected to the electric field of the laser, moves back to its parent atomic center and there it combines with the molecule and emits harmonics; while the other channel is that the ionized electron generated from one atomic center move back to the other atomic center to complete the combination and emission of harmonics. The angle θ-dependent phase difference between contributions from these two channels is calculated and the harmonic order corresponding to the minimum value is obtained. Finally, the reason why the yield of HHG is low for the case of the molecular axis parallel to the laser polarization direction is different from that for the case of the molecular axis perpendicular to the polarization direction. For the parallel case, the contributions to HHG from the two channels are both small so that the amplitude of their coherent superposition is small. While for the perpendicular case, the individual contribution from each channel is not small but their destructive interference leads to small yield in harmonicspectrum.
Plasmon induced transparency effect based on graphene nanoribbon waveguide side-coupled with rectangle cavities system
Authors: Wang Bo-Yun , Zhu Zi-Hao , Gao You-Kang , Zeng Qing-Dong , Liu Yang , Du Jun , Wang Tao , Yu Hua-Qing ,   School of Physics and Electronic-information Engineering, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China,   Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Published: October 2021

In order to reduce the size of the device and realize the ultrafast response time and dynamic tunableness, the single-band and dual-band plasmon induced transparency (PIT) effect are investigated based on graphene nanoribbon waveguide side-coupled rectangle cavity. The slow light properties of the model are analyzed numerically and theoretically by coupled mode theory and finite difference time domain method. With controlling the chemical potential of the graphene rectangle cavity, the tunability of the resonant wavelength and the transmission peak can be achieved simultaneously in single-band and dual-band PIT model. As the chemical potential of graphene increases, the resonant wavelength of each transmission window of PIT effect decreases gradually and presents the blue shift. In addition, through dynamically tuning the resonant wavelength of the graphene rectangle cavity, when the chemical potential of the graphene rectangle cavity increases from 0.41 to 0.44 eV, the group index of single PIT system is controlled to be between 79.2 and 28.3, and the tunable bandwidth is 477 nm. Moreover, the group index of dual PIT system is controlled to be between 143.2 and 108.6 when the chemical potentials of graphene rectangle cavities 1, 2, and 3 are 0.39–0.42 eV, 0.40–0.43 eV, and 0.41–0.44 eV, respectively. The size of the entire PIT structure is <0.5 μm2. The research results here in this work are of reference significance in designing and fabricating the optical sensors, optical filters, slow light and light storage devices with ultrafast, ultracompact and dynamic tunableness.
Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Fruit Extract of Solanum incanum L. against Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Karanja Lucy N. , K’Owino Isaac O. , Wangila Phanice T. , Ramkat Rose C.
Published: October 2021

Aims: To determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Solanum incanum fruits against Ralstonia solanacearum.

Study Design: Experimental design involving completely randomized design

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace studies, Moi University, Kenya, between January and June 2021.  

Methodology: Extraction was done by maceration using ethanol as the extracting solvent. Phytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminum chloride colorimetric assay respectively. The extract was further analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Fourier transformed Infrared (FT-IR). In vitro antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion method while in vivo studies was done under greenhouse conditions.

Results: Phytochemical analysis showed presence of alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, saponins and terpenoids. The TPC and TFC were found to be 84.997 ± 0.2 mg GAE/g and 20.535 ± 0.2 mg/g QE of dried sample respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 15 compounds, (9E)-1-Methoxy-9-Octadecene (26.85%), 9-Octadecenamide (Z) (21.43%), E-15-Heptadecenal (7.28%), E-14-Hexadecenal (6.28%), 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (4.96%) among others. FT-IR analysis revealed presence of OH, C-H, N-H, CO functional groups at wavenumbers 3348 cm-1, 2931 cm-1, 1589 cm-1, and 1218 cm-1 respectively. The antibacterial activity for in vitro studies at concentrations 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 g/10 mL, the diameters of zone of inhibition were 20.75 ± 1.3, 25.75 ± 0.5, 27.25 ± 0.5, and 30.75 ± 0.5 mm respectively. This was comparable (P= .02) to that of ampicillin (positive control) which had zones of inhibition of 26.75 ± 0.5, 28.75 ± 0.5, 31.75 ± 0.4, and 35.00 ± 0.0 mm at the  concentrations respectively. For the in vivo studies the plant extract and ampicillin delayed the development of the disease by eight and ten days post-inoculation respectively while symptoms of bacterial wilt for water treatment (negative control) were observed four days post-inoculation.

Conclusion: The plant extract had remarkable antibacterial activity and can be used to make viable formulations to control the devastating bacterial wilt disease.
Risk Behavior of Farmers Cultivating Traditional Rice Varieties in Erode District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kaviya G. , Vidhyavathi A. , Rani S. Padma , Devi M. Nirmala
Published: October 2021

This study investigates the risk behavior of traditional rice variety growers in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, using Moscardi and De Janvry approach and Discriminant analysis technique. A well structured questioner was prepared and purposive random sampling was done in three blocks which covers highest cultivable area under paddy namely Gobichettipalayam, Modakurichi and Bhavani in Erode district. Each traditional rice varieties have some unique characteristics i.e some are pest and disease resistant, drought resistant, resistant to waterlogged condition and have medicinal values. The present study was done to identify the major risks, to quantify the risk attitude and to identify the factors influencing risk attitude of the traditional variety growers in Erode District. In the research it was found that the varieties preferred by farmers were Thuyamalli, Kichadi samba, Karuppukavuni, Mapillai samba,Arcaud Kichadi Samba, Poongar, Thanga Samba, Sivan Samba and few other varieties they were cultivating in small areas using organic farming method.The major risk found in cultivating traditional rice varieties were market risk followed by human labour risk, processing risk, input risk, technology risk, institutional risk, natural risk and other risks include transport risk and storage risk. The farmers were grouped into three categories i.e., risk preferrers (63.33 per cent), risk neutral (28.33 per cent) and risk averse (8.33 per cent) based on risk attitude. Once again the farmers in each group was categorized into low, medium, high risk based on nine factors namely, farmers age, major occupation, years of schooling, family size, membership in any of the farmers association, proportion of paddy area to total farm area, proportion of paddy income to total farm income, experience and adequacy of market which were influencing the risk attitude of farmers. In order to conserve the traditional rice varieties from extinction, to restore the soil health, to ensure nutritional security the farmers were willing to take risk.
A Short Study on Bias Present in Classical Random Processes
Authors: Verma Ayush
Published: October 2021

Sometimes, outcomes of random processes don’t seem to follow the theoretical probabilities due to the presence of bias and even when the probabilities are followed in a large number of trials, dynamic bias is still evident in many of these processes. This paper provides a short study on the bias using examples and defines what kind of processes could be biased. It also demonstrates the two types of bias which are dynamic and fixed. This study could be used to analyze the bias in various random processes and get a better understanding of the outcomes. Dynamic bias has further been explained with the help of 52 cards. The study helps in providing a better understanding of randomness and further helps in designing experiments.
Effect of Tillage on Agro-morphological Parameters and Yield of Cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) in Abongoua, East-Central Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kouamé René N’ganzoua , Koua Ambroise N’dakou , Amany Guillaume Kouame , Zoumana Konate , Sidiky Bakayoko
Published: October 2021

The objective of this work is to improve the production and yield of cassava cultivated by tillage. The experiment was conducted in the field for 13 months (June 2019-july 2020) in Abongoua in the department of Bongouanou (East-central Côte d'Ivoire). After the cleaning of a 900 m2 surface of a fallow of more than 5 years, and cleared of all plant debris, soil samples were taken with an auger in the 40 cm surface in each corner and in the center of the experimental plot to constitute the composite sample for laboratory analysis. The trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in which four elementary plots were distributed. Three treatments T1 (tilled soil), T2 (mounded soil) and T3 (ridged soil) compared to a control treatment T0 (no-till soil) were applied in each microplot. The cuttings were directly sown at a rate of 12 cuttings per treatment. The data of the different parameters collected underwent an analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed with SAS software version 9.4 and the means were separated using the Newman and Keuls test at the 5% probability threshold. The results showed an acidic soil with a sandy texture and a good supply of nutrients, particularly major elements, trace elements and clay-humus complex. Good growth and development of agro-morphological parameters as well as yield were obtained with treatments T3 (ridged soil), T2 (mounded soil) and T1 (tilled soil) in decreasing order of importance compared to the control treatment (T0). In conclusion, the study clearly showed that the type of tillage, particularly the ridged tillage technique, improves the agro morphological parameters, productivity and yield of cassava. What we recommend to farmers for a good yield of cassava in the area.
Development of a Validated Stability Indicating Method for Quantification of Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin and Lansoprazole in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage form by RP-HPLC
Authors: Sushma P. , Pawar A. K. M. , Divya M.
Published: October 2021

Objective: The main objective of the present work is to develop an efficient, unique, reliable Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous quantification of Amoxicillin (AMX), Clarithromycin (CTM) and Lansoprazole (LPZ) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. 

Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved by using Kinetex column C18 (100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm) with Buffer (2.5 g of hexane sulphonic acid and 1ml of Triethylamine which are added to 1000 ml of HPLC water and adjusted its pH at 5.0 with Ortho phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 70: 30 (%v/v) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column effluents were monitored by a photodiode array detector at wavelength predetermined at 240 nm.

Results: The method produced reliable results at optimized chromatographic conditions. The method was linear at concentration range of 15-225 µg/ml of AMX, 15-225 µg/ml of CTM and 0.9-13.5 µg/ml of LPZ with regression coefficients of 0.9999, 0.9999, and 0.9999 respectively. The retention times of AMX, CTM, LPZ were obtained as 1.513, 3.124, 3.770 min respectively. Results obtained for system suitability, precision, LOD and LOQ were in acceptable range and were validated according to the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonization (ICH).

Conclusion: The proposed method was validated in accordance with ICH and all the obtained results were found satisfactory and were successfully applicable to the analysis of the bulk and the pharmaceutical formulations.
hip-hop é uma só família: processo criativo, produção cultural e militância
Authors: Silva Carla Regina , Vasconcelos Teixeira Débora Isabele
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas e teve como foco as juventudes, o trabalho e a cultura hip-hop. A primeira etapa se constituiu no mapeamento de ações juvenis no movimento hip-hop, enquanto a última se deu pelo acompanhamento – por meio de entrevistas – dos modos de ser e promover a cultura, as potências e os desafios do hip-hop. Nos quinze grupos mapeados observou-se que os jovens têm o desejo de se profissionalizar. Foram apontadas dificuldades em relação ao poder público, à falta de financiamento, aos recursos e espaços para ensaios e convivência, à desvalorização da arte de rua e do mercado e à deturpação dos valores. Sugere-se como formas de enfrentamento dessas dificuldades a organização coletiva, divulgação e fomento da arte e a criação de espaços para diálogo e reconhecimento social. A pesquisa ressalta a potência do hip-hop enquanto expressão artística, militância e transformação social.
A utilização legal de imagens criadas por terceiros nos países da União Europeia
Authors: Coelho Inês Rebanda
Published: October 2021

Tanto em contextos escolares como privados, de investigação e profissionais, estamos constantemente a usar, alterar ou partilhar imagens criadas por outras pessoas. Mas será que o fazemos legalmente? O que é que devemos ter em conta quando queremos utilizar uma imagem criada por outra pessoa? O objetivo deste artigo é expor as práticas legais relacionadas ao uso de imagens na União Europeia (UE), tanto para usos privados como pedagógicos, de investigação e profissionais. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento dos códigos de Direito de Autor dos países da UE, assim como das Diretivas, Decretos, Convenções e outros documentos e acordos legais associados. Procedeu-se, igualmente, a uma investigação das práticas legais relacionadas ao uso de imagens na UE e as atualizações sofridas nos últimos anos. Concluiu-se que, apesar de a legislação vigente ter vindo a facilitar o uso de obras no mercado digital em contextos de educação e investigação, vê-se como necessária uma abordagem mais simplificada para o utilizador comum.
É tempo de aquilombar: da tecnologia ancestral à produção cultural contemporânea
Authors: Souto Stéfane
Published: October 2021

Neste ensaio, busco desenvolver uma reflexão acerca do aquilombamento em sua dimensão ancestral, social e cultural. Para tanto, recorro ao legado deixado pela pesquisadora Beatriz Nascimento sobre a historiografia da instituição quilombo no Brasil, com o objetivo de compreender suas apropriações e desdobramentos através do tempo até alcançar um conceito de aquilombamento que considere sua inscrição no presente e suas possibilidades de futuro. Com isso, procuro evidenciar como o ato de se aquilombar constitui uma tecnologia ancestral de organização social e cultural própria das populações negras que vem garantindo a atualização dos seus mecanismos de resistência e inspirando a apropriação estratégica dos instrumentos culturais para imaginar um devir negro.
Disruption of desmosome function leads to increased centrosome clustering in 14‐3‐3γ‐knockout cells with supernumerary centrosomes
Authors: Tilwani Sarika , Gandhi Karan , Narayan Satya , Ainavarapu Sri Rama Koti , Dalal Sorab Nariman
Published: October 2021

14‐3‐3 proteins are conserved, dimeric, acidic proteins that regulate multiple cellular pathways. Loss of either 14‐3‐3ε or 14‐3‐3γ leads to centrosome amplification. However, we find that while the knockout of 14‐3‐3ε leads to multipolar mitoses, the knockout of 14‐3‐3γ results in centrosome clustering and pseudo‐bipolar mitoses. 14‐3‐3γ knockouts demonstrate compromised desmosome function and a decrease in keratin levels, leading to decreased cell stiffness and an increase in centrosome clustering. Restoration of desmosome function increased multipolar mitoses, whereas knockdown of either plakoglobin or keratin 5 led to decreased cell stiffness and increased pseudo‐bipolar mitoses. These results suggest that the ability of the desmosome to anchor keratin filaments maintains cell stiffness, thus inhibiting centrosome clustering, and that phenotypes observed upon 14‐3‐3 loss reflect the dysregulation of multiple pathways.
Deciphering the Electrochemical Behaviors of the Electrode‐Electrolyte Coupling toward Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Device
Authors: Sun Zhenheng , Fu Jiecai , Zhang Yaxiong , Liu Yupeng , Cheng Situo , Wu Yin , Shao Zhipeng , Cui Xiaosha , Xie Erqing
Published: October 2021

Aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices (AEESDs) exhibit tremendous potential for grid‐scale energy storage due to their high ionic conductivity, high safety, and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the improvement of energy density is always accompanied by the loss of power density due to the sluggish ion migration in the bulk of the electrode. Redox electrolytes are proposed as one of the most promising strategies to expand from electrode materials to the whole device to improve the energy density and power density of AEESDs simultaneously. It is thus vital to understand the electrochemical behaviors and mechanism of the coupling system between the electrode and redox electrolyte during the electrochemical charge‐discharge process. In this study, the electrochemical kinetic evolution model of the redox electrolyte in the electrode is established via quasi‐steady electrochemical measurement and in situ Raman study, revealing the redox reaction of electrolyte originates from charge transfer between ions in electric double layer (EDL). Accordingly, the electrochemical performances are optimized by adjusting the electrolyte concentration. The decline of coulombic efficiency is systematically analyzed, which can be attributed to ionic drifting during a redox reaction. This study may pioneer designing the advanced electrochemical energy storage device by integrating electrode materials and electrolytes.
A Review of Heteroatom Doped Materials for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Jianli , Han Wei‐Qiang
Published: October 2021

High theoretical capacity and high energy density make lithium sulfur (Li‐S) batteries a competitive candidate for next‐generation energy storage systems. However, achieving the practical application of Li‐S batteries is still a huge challenge due to some inevitable obstacles. Poor conductivity of active sulfur, large volume expansion of cathode, and severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) greatly limit the capacity of cells and lead to unsatisfied cycle performance. Therefore, various sulfur host materials have been proposed and investigated, which should possess good conductivity, porous structure, and strong immobilization capability for LiPSs. Unfortunately, it is incompetent to cover all the advantages mentioned above for pristine materials. Heteroatom doping fundamentally manipulates the electronic structure and polarity of materials, leading to some unprecedented properties, and subsequent enhancement in electrochemical performance. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress of heteroatom (metal single atom and non‐metal atom) doping in various materials including carbon materials, graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), and metal compounds as the ideal sulfur host. Furthermore, the relationship between the unique features of sulfur host materials originated from heteroatom doping and enhanced performance of cells is comprehensively discussed.
Hepcidin‐Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy by Modulating Iron Export‐Mediated N6‐Methyladenosine RNA Transcript
Authors: Zhang Lingxiao , Song Yue , Cao Kunxia , Du Yangyang , Han Mingda , Shi Zhan , Yan Fei , Feng Shouhua
Published: October 2021

Despite recent advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies in acute myeloid leukemia, patient prognosis is still dismal given the high frequency of refractory cases or post‐remission relapse. Ferrotherapy, a novel anti‐cancer treatment strategy using iron‐based compounds, can mechanistically bypass the chemoresistance of cancer cells. However, cancer cells often overexpress the transmembrane iron exporter ferroportin that expels accumulated iron into the plasma, which can potentially limit the efficacy of ferrotherapy and lead to systemic toxic effects. Here, a ferro‐therapeutic nanoplatform is designed using fusing hepcidin and leukemia cell‐membrane vesicles on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)‐loaded hollow mesoporous Prussian Blue (AuPB@LMHep). AuPB@LMHep specifically targeted leukemia cells through ferroportin and is subsequently internalized and disintegrated into iron and AuNPs through autophagy. The accumulation of iron due to blockade of ferroportin‐mediated iron efflux and the depletion of glutathione by the AuNPs triggered ferroptosis. Furthermore, iron accumulation inactivated the endogenous iron‐dependent m6A demethylase, thereby increasing global m6A RNA modification and suppressing multiple oncogenes. Finally, AuPB@LMHep enhanced the immune response to anti‐programmed death ligand1 treatment via increasing cytotoxic tumor‐infiltrating T cells. Pre‐clinical findings provide the proof‐of‐concept of hepcidin‐based nanocomposite as an “epigenetic drug” and immunotherapeutic agent for treating leukemia.
Synergistic Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Tang Tang , Ding Liang , Yao Ze‐Cheng , Pan Hai‐Rui , Hu Jin‐Song , Wan Li‐Jun
Published: October 2021

Alkaline water electrolyzers (AWEs) and anion‐exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have received increasing attention for their natural compatibility with earth‐abundant materials and are regarded as the cutting‐edge of hydrogen energy techniques and the research focuses. However, the commercialization of these devices remains in the sluggish hydrogen electrode reactions due to the requirement of cooperative adsorption of both hydrogen species and hydroxyl species. The research on synergistic alkaline hydrogen oxidation/evolution reaction (HOR/HER) electrocatalysts is still in its infancy. This review summarizes the recent progress and strategies in constructing synergistic active sites for advancing alkaline HOR/HER electrocatalysts. The fundamentals of alkaline HOR/HER are first introduced with both theoretical and experimental verifications to rationalizing the necessity of constructing synergistic active sites. Then, this review systemically dissects the functionality of different active sites in recently reported innovative HOR/HER catalysts and introduces the synergistic effects. Finally, some perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for the future design and synthesis of the synergistic HOR and HER electrocatalysts are proposed, intending to promote the application of hydrogen‐based energy conversion systems.