bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors that Affect the Quality of Olive Oil Produced Using Olives from Traditional Orchards in the Middle East
Authors: Dag Arnon , Zipori Isaac , Tietel Zipora
Published: May 2024

Traditional olive (Olea europaea) orchards have been grown for thousands of years and still occupy most of the world’s cultivated olive areas. To compete with olive oil produced in the higher-yielding intensive orchards, the oil from traditional orchards must be of high quality. We evaluated oil quality—potential and actual (under commercial conditions)—and tested the stages in the production chain that are likely to reduce oil quality in the traditional sector in the Middle East region. Our findings show a clear negative impact of growers’ traditional practices on both the chemical and sensory characteristics of olive oil. The oil originating from the commercial process had higher free fatty acid and lower polyphenol and carotenoid contents, lower stability, lower pungency, lower fruitiness, lower bitterness, and a higher prevalence of organoleptic defects than oil that originated from fruit picked from the same trees during the experimental procedure. The current common harvesting technique of pole beating significantly increased fruit injury and fruit with mold, leading to a reduction in oil polyphenols and an increase in free fatty acid levels compared with those resulting from manual picking. In addition, after harvest, storing the fruit for more than 48 hours in plastic bags dramatically reduced the oil quality. The traditional olive orchard could be a source of high-quality extra virgin olive oil. However, fruit handling—from the trees until the end of the oil extraction process—is performed incorrectly, thus adversely affecting the oil quality.
Patterns and Quality of Antibiotic Prescribing: Results from a Multicentre Point Prevalence Survey in Government Hospitals in Perak, Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Taiping, Perak, Malaysia, Yean Yi Lyn , OH HOEY LIN ,   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Slim River, Perak, Malaysia, CHEAH MENG FEI ,   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Perak, Malaysia, THONG KAH SHUEN ,   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Slim River, Perak, Malaysia, KAMALUDIN ROS SAKINAH ,   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Perak, Malaysia, LING SIEW HONG ,   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Seri Manjung, Perak, Malaysia, LIM KIM KHEE ,   Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Teluk Intan, Perak, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

A point prevalence survey (PPS) is used to collect data on antimicrobial prescribing and assess a set of quality indicators associated with antimicrobial use. This study aimed to describe patterns and quality indicators of antibiotic prescribing among government hospitals in Perak, Malaysia. Data was retrospectively reviewed data from a PPS conducted from 1st to 14th December 2021 in 5 specialist and 10 non-specialist hospitals. All hospitalised patients on the day of the survey formed the study population. Those who had received at least one active systemic antibiotic by 8.00 a.m. or surgical prophylaxis within 24 h of the survey day were eligible for PPS. Data on pattern and quality indicators of prescribing (documentation of indication, guideline compliance and appropriateness of surgical prophylaxis) were analysed with descriptive evaluation. Of 2,386 hospitalised patients, 40% were prescribed antibiotics, mainly from the ‘Access’ category (52.3%). Antibiotic prevalence was highest in the intensive care unit (ICU) (90.8%). The predominant antibiotic class was beta-lactam/ beta-lactamase inhibitor (32.6%), corresponding to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (19.8%) being the most common diagnosis. Intravenous administration was ordered in 79.4%, while empirical therapy constituted 84.5%. Documentation of indication within 24 h and guideline compliance were 88.2% and 69.8%, respectively. Inappropriate choice of antibiotics and improper dose/frequency were identified as important non-compliance issues. Of the surgical prophylaxis prescriptions, 35.6% were administered for more than 24 h. The findings have helped identify critical areas for antimicrobial stewardship interventions. Efforts are needed to reinforce compliance, documentation and improve surgical prophylaxis prescribing practices.
Preparation and Evaluation of Metronidazole Tablets Produced with Different Binders Using Wet Granulation Method
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria, ABDULLAHI ABBA KHALID , OLOWOSULU ADENIJI KEHINDE ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria, ALLAGH TERYILA SUZANNE ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
Published: May 2024

In tablet formulation, binders are essential for ensuring proper powder mix, granulation and overall tablet quality. Variations in binder quality and concentration can impact drug bioavailability, strength and manufacturing processes. The inconsistency in bioavailability and therapeutic response of metronidazole from different manufacturers highlights the importance of binder selection in tablet formulation. This study evaluates the impact of different binding agents on tablet quality. The optimum binder concentration for each of the binders was assessed to obtain suitable concentration that was used to prepare metronidazole tablets. Metronidazole tablets were formulated with four different binder vis, acacia, gelatine, PVP, maize starch at 3% concentration using wet granulation method after which the tablet properties were evaluated. Metronidazole powder exhibited poor flow indices, as indicated by angle of repose: 39.92 ± 1.85, Carr’s compressibility index (CI): 20.13 ± 0.28 and Hausner’s ratio (Hr): 1.26 ± 0.01, whereas its granules exhibited good flow properties. The crushing strength (CS), friability (FR), disintegration time (DT) (CSFR/DT) ratio for batches showed values in 3% binder concentration, indicating higher strength as compared to other concentrations. There was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the CSFR/DT ratio for gelatine (2.22) in formulation F2 compared to maize starch in Formulation F4. The formulated tablets with the various binders have met with the British Pharmacopeial criteria of 80% drug release from uncoated immediate-release tablets. Amongst the four binders, gelatine was found to be the best in the formulation of robust metronidazole tablets by wet granulation method at an optimised concentration of 3% w/w. Tablets produced with gelatin exhibited greater mechanical strength than those produced with other binders, while also demonstrating a slightly longer DT. Metronidazole tablets produced with gelatine have met the British Pharmacopeial requirements including an acceptable in-vitro drug release profile.
An Attempt for a New Growth Model Based on Inter-class Mobility Probability
Authors: Akgül Taylan
Published: May 2024

After Kuznets' pioneering study in 1955, the relationship between growth and income distribution attracted the attention of researchers. Approaches used to explain the relationship between growth and income distribution can be summarized as wealth and redistribution, international trade, technological development, macroeconomic volatility and political economy. In this study, firstly, the theoretical background and literature regarding these approaches are mentioned. Later, based on Akerlof and Yellen's theories on the fair wage-productivity relationship, a new model was tried to be developed that links economic growth with inter class mobility probability. The model is based on the hypothesis that in a hypothetical society of two-class without government, there will be an increase in the productivity of individuals belonging to the lower class as the probability of moving up the class increases. As the probability of individuals belonging to the lower class moving up increases, the probability of individuals belonging to the upper class falling down the class also increases. For this reason, the increase in the transition between classes will lead to an increase in the efforts of individuals belonging to the upper class. An increase in the effort of both classes will result in higher output and therefore higher growth. For this reason, as the income distribution becomes more fair, the growth rate will also increase, but if the income is distributed completely equally, the performance of individuals will decrease because there is no possibility of moving to upper class. Therefore, income inequality up to a certain level motivates individuals, while income inequality above the optimal level demotivates individuals. In other words, the relationship between income inequality and growth is non-linear. Finally, the game theory version of the model is introduced in the study.
Caracterização anatômica e espectroscópica para identificação de madeiras da família Fabaceae
Authors: Sobral Carlos Augusto Morais , Gouvêa Adriana de Fátima Gomes , Carvalho Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira
Published: May 2024

O comércio ilegal madereiro gera grandes prejuízos econômicos e ambientais em nosso país, sendo necessário realizar uma proteção regulatória para impedir estas atividades ilegais. É comum a apreensão das madeiras já desdobradas, sem os componentes comumente usados para identificação das espécies, sendo de suma importância conhecer as propriedades anatômicas e químicas para a correta classificação. A adoção de metodologias de avaliação não destrutivas de madeira vem se tornando uma alternativa viável e eficaz, sendo a espectroscópia no infravermelho próximo (NIRS) uma ferramenta que colabora na caracterização das madeiras, reduzindo os custos e o tempo nas análises convencionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a caracterização química e identificar as madeiras da família Fabaceae, a partir do NIRS. Avaliou-se seis espécies nativas: amburana, fava de anta, pau óleo, faveiro, angelim pedra e rouxinho. Realizou-se caracterizações químicas convencional (extrativos totais, lignina solúvel, lignina insolúvel e lignina total, holocelulose, cinzas e relação S/G) e anatômicas. Para a caracterização anatômica foi confeccionado corpos-de-prova do cerne periférico 2 x 2 x 2 cm, passando por etapas de cozimento, coloroção, descoloração, desidratação e realização de cortes histológicos para montagem das lâminas permanentes. Utilizou-se para mensuração dos elementos o microscópio óptico da Leica DM750 com uma câmera ICC50 (50x e 100x). Foram realizadas leituras das serragens no equipamento NIRS e obtidos os valores preditos a partir de um modelo pré-existente para caracterização química, e posteriormente correlacionados com os valores de referência. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o NIRS apresentou eficiência na identificação das amostras de maneira rápida, clara e objetiva, tendo eficiência na determinação do teor de holocelulose e de extrativos totais, porém para as demais características químicas os modelos precisam de melhores ajustes.
OCCURRENCES OF LOW CLOUDS OVER THE WESTERN MARGINS OF THE CONGO BASIN (SEPTEMBER TO DECEMBER 2021)
Authors:   Centre de Recherche et dEtudes sur lEnvironnement (CREE), EcoleNormaleSuperieure, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo., Toli Ghislain , Claude Zou-Massengo Joelle ,   Centre de Recherche et dEtudes sur lEnvironnement (CREE), EcoleNormaleSuperieure, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo., Samba Gaston ,   Centre de Recherche et dEtudes sur lEnvironnement (CREE), EcoleNormaleSuperieure, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo.
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the occurrence of low cumuliform clouds over the western margins of the Congo Basin from September to December 2021. The imagery of the Cloud Top Height product of Meteosat Second Generation set on synoptic hours (i.e. 00 hours, 06 hours, 12 hours and 18 hours) have been retained for this study. Through these data, we have developed an observation grid of 1Â° over the entire Congolese territory to make an inventory of low clouds identified at each 1Â°. The results obtained show that the low clouds appear most often between 00 hours and 12 hours. And the spatial distribution of the occurrences of clouds attests that the low cloud cover remains more pronounced in the Southern, Southwestern and Northern parts of the country.
A RARE CAUSE OF ACUTE RESPIRATORYFAILURE: CYSTICPULMONARYTUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Pulmonology and Phtisiology Department, Mohamed 5 Military Hospital Teaching., Asri H. , Zegmout A. ,   Pulmonology and Phtisiology Department, Mohamed 5 Military Hospital Teaching., Rafik A. ,   Pulmonology and Phtisiology Department, Mohamed 5 Military Hospital Teaching., Souhi H. ,   Pulmonology and Phtisiology Department, Mohamed 5 Military Hospital Teaching., Rhorfi I. ,   Pulmonology and Phtisiology Department, Mohamed 5 Military Hospital Teaching., Elouazzani H. ,   Pulmonology and Phtisiology Department, Mohamed 5 Military Hospital Teaching.
Published: May 2024

Tuberculosis continues tobe a major cause of death. It is a preventable and curable disease. Themost commonbacteria likely to cause a cystic pneumoniaare Staphylococcusaureus, streptococcuspneumonia and Escherichiacoli. The cystic pulmonary tuberculosis is exceptional and shoulddefinitized be from other cystic lung disease.Wepresent a case report of immunocompetent patient with acute respiratoryfailurePulmonarytuberculosiswithunusualcystic change in an immunocompromised host.
SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF PEDIATRIC SKULL MORPHOMETRY AND THE PREDICTION OF BI-PARIETAL DIAMETER USING RETROSPECTIVE DIGITAL X-RAY FILMS IN CALABAR, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Paul Anyiom Odey , Cletus Ugbaka Ajang ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Julius Akomaye Aniah ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja., Michael Effiong Oku ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Williams Afamuefuna Nnenna ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Eric Agim Agaba ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Sadenyeng Anani ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja., Nsikak Umoh ,   Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The knowledge on the morphology of the pediatric skull has proven to be very useful in medical sciences as it aids in diagnosis of certain head injuries/pathologies. This study is aimed at determining the difference in dimension between the male and female pediatric skull with respect to age as well as predicting the bi-parietal diameter of the pediatric skull using the anterior-posterior diameter and age as constants. Methods: The research was carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and Asi Ukpo Medical Diagnostic Center, making use of x-ray films in retrospect with measuring tools in order to properly measure and record data collected. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. There was a significant correlation between age and APD/BPD at p<0.05. A regression analysis was used to predict the bi-parietal diameter of the pediatric skull. Results: Our study show that the male pediatric subjects have a moderately higher skull dimension compared to the females with a progressive increase in the dimensions of skulls of both genders as age increases. The regression analysis predicts the bi-parietal diameter and was validated using the equation. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that the male pediatrics skull dimensions are higher when compared to that of the female, moreover, the dimensions of the male pediatric skull is shown to grow at a faster rate than female subjects and the biparietal diameter can be predicted using antero-posterior diameter and age as constants.
ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT FOR RETROPHARYNGEAL FOREIGN BODY REMOVAL IN AN ADULT WITH ANTICIPATED DIFFICULT AIRWAY VIA NASOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Authors:   Resident Doctor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Mumbai, India., J. Rohra Divya , R. Rupwate Kanchan ,   Additional Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Published: May 2024

Foreign body aspiration is relatively rare in adults compared to children. Cases involving foreign bodies fully embedded in the retropharyngeal space are exceptionally uncommon in clinical practice, posing significant challenges for both surgeons and anesthesiologists. A shared airway between these specialists, coupled with the difficulty of visualizing and extracting the foreign object, presents notable concerns. Here, we present a case detailing the successful removal of a sharp foreign body, a chicken bone, lodged in the retropharyngeal space of an adult male patient with restricted mouth opening and an anticipated difficult airway, achieved under general anesthesia with nasotracheal intubation.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON UNRAVELLING THE INTRICACIES OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Authors:   Research Assistant- II and Lab manager, Baylor college of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States- 77030., Laasya Tipparaju Sri , Keerthika Oruganti Krishna ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Priya Perumahanthi Laasya ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Lakshmi Nimmagadda Geethika ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sravani Karangula Lakshmi ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Naga Mani Soma Siva ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Singh Ranwas Reethika ,   Department of Molecular Biology, Cresent Biosciences, ICRAB Campus, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: May 2024

Molecular neuroscience is a multidisciplinary field dedicated to unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying brain function and dysfunction. This comprehensive review provides an overview of recent advancements in molecular neuroscience, spanning from neuronal signalling pathways to the genetic basis of neurological disorders covered encompass synaptic plasticity and learning, neurodevelopment and synaptogenesis, neurotransmitter systems, and the genetic underpinnings of neurological disorders. Advances in techniques such as optogenetics, calcium imaging, and genomic technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the brain at the molecular level. Moreover, emerging technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing hold promise for further elucidating the complexities of the nervous system. By integrating molecular, cellular, and systems-level approaches, molecular neuroscience continues to pave the way for novel insights into brain function and the development of targeted therapeutics for neurological diseases.
ROLE AND POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Indonesia., Syamsu Syamsir ,   Muhammadiyah Kalianda College of Law, Lampung Indonesia., Gustiniati Maulani Diah ,   Faculty of Law, University of Lampung, Indonesia.,   Muhammadiyah Kalianda College of Law, Lampung Indonesia., a Dauri ,   Muhammadiyah Kalianda College of Law, Lampung Indonesia.
Published: May 2024

Problems regarding global environmental issues have become the focus of attention of developed and developing countries. Because the issue of environmental damage certainly has quite a broad impact, namely regarding the exploitation of Natural Resources (SDA) on land, sea and air on a massive scale which then arises threats such as the depletion of the atmosphere and uncertain climate change, especially as the rate increases. population growth that is increasingly unmanageable transnationally. This destruction certainly requires an alternative solution through international legal instruments to be later adopted by other countries through international environmental institutions. Like the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) as an organization originating from the United Nations (UN) in the environmental sector and several other institutions have the ability to handle global environmental problems by inviting each country to study dominant problems, such as forest fires, water pollution, or degradation of soil quality. Through international environmental institutions, of course it has become the focus of in-depth studies regarding its position and role in influencing environmental prevention and preservation in all countries around the world. The results of this research show that international institutions through their respective authorities are able to suppress policies in each country in cooperative activities to achieve global environmental protection programs.
NON-EXTRACTION ORTHODONTIC MANAGEMENT OF CROWDING OF AN ADOLESCENT BOY-A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata., K. Seal Rajib , Chakravarty Debrupa ,   Non-Residential Junior Dental Surgeon, R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata.
Published: May 2024

Orthodontic management of crowded dental arches require creation of spaces through certain space gaining methods. Extraction of 1st premolars had been the primary method of gaining space till the beginning of 21st century. This method has been tried to be avoided due to certain reasons such as typical dishing-in of face, re-opening of extraction spaces, longer duration of active orthodontic treatment etc. Recently, certain crowded situations can be managed successfully by means of mid-arch or whole-arch expansion, whole-arch distallization, proximal disking etc. This case report shows how a moderately crowded situation of a young boy can be managed by non-extraction method to reproduce presentable facial aesthetics and smile characteristics.
GIANTS BLADDER STONES WITH ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN PATIENT WITH A UNDIAGNOSED NEUROLOGICAL BLADDER DUE TO A SPINAL CORD INJURY : UNCOMMON CASE
Authors:   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Tariqi Reda , Boughaleb Abdelmounim ,   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Bourimi Chadi ,   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., EL Abidi Hamza ,   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Boualaoui Ahmed Ibrahimi Imad ,   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., El Sayegh Hachem ,   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Nouini Yassine ,   Department of Urologic Surgery A Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: May 2024

Urinary tract stones are common in spinal cord injury patients, affecting both the upper and lower urinary tracts. However giant bladder stones are rare, defined as those weighing more than 100 grams, although rare, pose significant clinical challenges and often result from underlying factors such as neurogenic bladder dysfunction. We present the case of a 35-year-old tetraplegic who was admitted with deteriorating general health and subsequently diagnosed with a massive bladder stone leading to acute renal failure. This case highlights the importance of early urological assessment in patients with neurological bladder problems. It also highlights the social taboo surrounding urogenital problems, which can delay necessary medical intervention.
AMELIORATION DE LA PRODUCTION DU MAIS (ZEA MAYS L.) EN COTE DIVOIRE PAR LUTILISATION DEXTRAITS DE PLANTES CONTRE LES CHAMPIGNONS PATHOGENES EN MILIEU NATUREL
Authors:   Unite Sante des Plantes, Pole de Recherche Productions Vegetales, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Universite Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Soro Kouo-Ngolo , Yao Francois Regis Kouakou Yadom ,   Unite Sante des Plantes, Pole de Recherche Productions Vegetales, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Universite Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Yeyeh Toualy Marie-Noel ,   Unite Sante des Plantes, Pole de Recherche Productions Vegetales, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Universite Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Seka Koutoua ,   Unite Sante des Plantes, Pole de Recherche Productions Vegetales, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Universite Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Atta Diallo Hortense ,   Unite Sante des Plantes, Pole de Recherche Productions Vegetales, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Universite Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire.
Published: May 2024

Corn is the second largest food crop in Cote dIvoire by tonnage after rice with an annual production of around 600,000 tonnes (FAO, 2014). This commodity is widely cultivated for its starchy grains. It is also used as a fodder plant in certain localities. However, its cultivated plant is faced with the problem of fungal diseases observed in recent years in the large growing areas of the country. This study was carried out to identify pathogenic fungal genera of corn leaves and control these fungi with aqueous extracts of plant leaves. Thus, corn leaves in culture were inoculated with sporal concentrations of Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., and Helmintosporium sp. The pathogenicity test showed that the fungus Helmintosporium sp was the most pathogenic followed by the genus Curvularium. This study also showed that plant extracts inhibit the development of the three fungal genera studied and improve plant growth and corn production in the field. Azadirachta indica and Ricinus communis extracts significantly reduced foliar symptoms and increased corn production. As for the Nicotiana Tabacum reduced the symptoms but did not promote a significant increase in corn production.
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF FREEDOM AND THE PERSON IN THE GREAT INQUISTOR BY DOSTOYEFSKY AND IN THE THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF THE METROPOLITAN OF PERGAMO IOANNIS ZIZIOULAS
Authors: Ioannis Novakos
Published: May 2024

In this particular work, a tightrope and as accurate as possible rendering of the relationship between the person and freedom and freedom as our obligation and attitude towards the Other is attempted. The concept of freedom, in essence, is undoubtedly and inescapably intertwined with the authenticity of the person and, in particular, with the deeper meaning of human destiny and existence. In this sense, Dostoyevsky focuses in his work on the dual phenomenon of freedom, that is, on the function of man between internal and external freedom, as well as on the individual responsibility of each subject, towards society and the Other. Subsequently, an in-depth theological and existential analysis and interpretation of the person is presented, which is based on the work of the Metropolitan of Pergamos, Ioannis Zizioulas, who recently passed away/fallen asleep, as well as the meaning of the content of the concept of person in modern theological anthropology. Finally, the interweaving of theology and literature is attempted through the active and analytical presentation of the person and freedom.
IS SYNTHETIC MESHPLASTY THE ONLY METHODFOR INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR OR ARE THERE OTHER RESOURCEFUL ALTERNATIVES?
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai., S. Patil Sanjana , G. Naik Narendra ,   Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai., D. Nagwani Akshay ,   Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai.
Published: May 2024

There aremultifactorial causes for development ofinguinal hernia.Weakness in the fascia transversalisplays a major role in causing a inguinal hernia. There are different techniques of repair of the inguinal hernia that are currently being practiced. Traditionally, inguinal hernia repair included usage of autogenous tissue (Shouldice, Bassini, Coopers). But the use of synthetic mesh for the repair of inguinal hernia had decreased the recurrence rate. Gradually, the complications associated with the use of synthetic mesh like infections, adhesions, granulomas, fistulae, migrations, etcbecame challenging to deal with. To avoid such complications and to overcome these challenges, we will be using autologous biological tissue i.e, an expanded sac for the repair of inguinal herniain this study.
BIO-MITIGATION STUDIES OF ARTIFICIAL SWEETENER IN WASTE WATER: A REVIEW
Authors:   Guru Nanak Institute Pharmaceutical of Science and Technology, Department of Life Science., Paul Sourav , Das Bishal ,   Guru Nanak Institute Pharmaceutical of Science and Technology, Department of Life Science., Biswas Deepika ,   Guru Nanak Institute Pharmaceutical of Science and Technology, Department of Life Science., Zafar Ayesha ,   Guru Nanak Institute Pharmaceutical of Science and Technology, Department of Life Science., Sarkar Sayanee ,   157/F, Nilgunj Road, Sahid Colony, Panihati, Khardaha, Kolkata - 700114, West Bengal, India., Roy Panda Jigisha ,   157/F, Nilgunj Road, Sahid Colony, Panihati, Khardaha, Kolkata - 700114, West Bengal, India.
Published: May 2024

Artificial sweeteners, which are widely used in modern diets and are persistent and may have negative effects on aquatic ecosystems, such as saccharin (SAC), cyclamate (CYC), aspartame (ASP), acesulfame (ACE), sucralose (SUC), alitame (ALT), neotame (NEO), and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NSDH), are being found in wastewater effluents at an increasing rate. In order to address this problem, bio-mitigation studies have shown promise as a method of reducing the harm that wastewater-borne artificial sweeteners do to the environment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in bio-mitigation approaches for artificial sweeteners in wastewater treatment systems. Firstly, the prevalence and persistence of artificial sweeteners in wastewater are discussed, highlighting their widespread occurrence and challenges associated with their removal during conventional wastewater treatment processes. Subsequently, various bio-mitigation strategies are examined, including microbial degradation, phytoremediation, and advanced oxidation processes. Microbial degradation, facilitated by diverse microbial communities, has shown potential for degrading artificial sweeteners into less harmful byproducts. several other techniques like Photocatalytic Degradation, Bank filtration, Granular activated carbon (GAC), advanced oxidation processes, such as ozonation and UV/H2O2 treatment, are explored for their ability to degrade artificial sweeteners into non-toxic compounds.
DERMOSCOPIC FEATURE OF CHONDROID SYRINGOMA: ABOUT 2 CASES
Authors:   Service de Dermatologie- CHU HassanII de Fes., Dahmani B. , Baybay H. ,   Service de Dermatologie- CHU HassanII de Fes., Douhi Z. ,   Service de Dermatologie- CHU HassanII de Fes., Soughi M. ,   Service de Dermatologie- CHU HassanII de Fes., Elloudi S. ,   Service de Dermatologie- CHU HassanII de Fes., Mernissi FZ ,   Service de Dermatologie- CHU HassanII de Fes.
Published: May 2024

Chondroid syringoma (CS) is an uncommon, benign mixed skin tumor characterized by slow growth. Typically, it manifests more frequentlyin the head and neck region, with a predilection for the nose and occasionally presents in the extremities. This condition is twice as prevalent in men compared to women.
CORRELATION OF CARDIAC MARKERS WITH THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE IN SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDELDERLY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Biochemistry Department, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab. India., Kaur Premjeet , Birdi Amandeep ,   Assistant Professor, Biochemistry Department, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab. India.
Published: May 2024

Cardiac markers (CPK-MB and TroponinT (TnT)) are often used to differentiate between cardiac and non cardiac chest pain. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has increased incidence of cardiovascular risk factors and disease. Elderly have an increased incidence of SCH. However, no study has specifically examined the association between cardiac markers and SCH in elderly population. Aims and Objectives: To determine the association of cardiac markers with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in elderly patientswith subclinical hypothyroids and euthyroid. Method: The present study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in Biochemistry department of Adesh institute of medical sciences and research (AIMSR) Bathinda from a period of May 2023 to April 2024.The data was obtained from the lab computers and the subjects were divided into four groups. Group 1 included patients who had MI and SCH. Group 2 consisted of patients who had MI and were euthyroid. Group 3 were those who presented with chest pain only (no MI) and SCH. Group 4 were those who had acute chest pain (no MI) and were found to be euthyroid. Results:Our study showed significant correlation of TSH with CPK-MB (r=0.69, p=0.001)and Troponin T ( r=0.201, p= 0.04) in Group 1 while a non significant correlation was found in Group 2, CPK-MB (r=0.06, p=0.67) and Troponin T (r= 0.156, p= 0.57). There was a significant correlation of TSH with CPK-MB (r=0.71, p=0.02) and Troponin T (r=0.84, p= 0.001) in Group 3. A nonsignificant correlation was found in Group 4, between TSH and CPK-MB (r=0.116, p=0.68) and Troponin T (r= 0.001, p= 0.99). Conclusion: Elevations of TSH levels may cause a significant rise in the cardiac markers in SCH elderly as compared to euthyroid.
STUDY OF THE CONCEPT OF UTERUS IN AYURVEDA WITH APPLIED ASPECTS
Authors:   Consultant Cum Assistant Professor, Department of PTSR, IAMC USTM, Meghalaya., Ruksana Parvin , Nazrul Islam Prodhani ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Rachana Sharir, IAMC, USTM, Meghalaya.
Published: May 2024

The Uterus is the child bearing organ in female, situated in the pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The uterus can be divided into an upper part, consisting of the fundus and the greater part of the body and a lower part consisting of the body, and of the cervix. The upper narrow end is called the internal os and the narrow lower end is called the external os. The cavity of the uterus communicates with that of the vagina through the external os. The study aims to evaluate various terminologies related to the uterus and its parts in Ayurveda. Morphological considerations of various terminologies along with applied aspects with references were studied. The present study is designed to analyze the concept of the uterus from Ayurvedic classics and interpreted. Elucidated terminologies were analyzed from structural anatomy, dimensions, location, and applied aspects. Various terminologies are used to represent the Uterus and its parts which can be correlated as follows- Uterus: Yoni, Phalayoni, Garbhasaya , Garbhakosha, Kukshi, Kshetra. Cervix with External Os: Garbhamarga, Garbhachidra. Fallopian tube /Uterine tubes: Raktavahasrota, Artavahasrotamsi, Artavavahasrotas, Artavavahamarga. Blood Supply: Artavavahasrotamsi, Artavvahinyadhamani.
THE SNAKES IN CAPTIVITY
Authors: Patel Dhruv
Published: May 2024

Reptiles can now adapt to different types of food and shelter because they have evolved to withstand the uncertain environment. It is crucial to recognize the similarities between the human world and the captivity-dwelling snakes because they now bear similarities to the human empire. The significance of creating a snake enclosure for the reptiles is also discussed in this piece. Additionally, some of the most important elements that must be taken into account when designing the enclosure are covered in this article.
Development of Methods for Studying the Image of Culture in the Digital Era
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Prokudin Dmitry E. , Kononova Olga V. ,   Sociological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gaevskaya Elena G. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: May 2024

There are a wide range of characteristics of cultural development in the digital age. One of the main features among them is the impact of modern information and communication technologies on the development of culture, which causes the new meanings and images of culture. These phenomena appear both in a real, traditional incarnation, and in a new — digital one. Moreover, both of these images are interconnected and often they are two sides of a cultural picture, process or phenomenon. The widespread use of information and communication technologies in the cultural sphere allows a person to realize his cultural potential. As a result, the cultural space is gradually saturated with works and objects of digital culture, digital art. And such objects no longer have analogues in the real world. They act as independent cultural phenomena and dominants, generating new cultural meanings. Therefore, an effective and comprehensive study of cultural images is possible only via new methods which are based on the information and communication technologies application, i. e. methods of Digital Humanities. Several new approaches to the study of culture are offered in the paper. They allow us to study the modern pervasive social and cultural space more effectively. These methods and approaches are used both in the scholarly research conducted by the authors and are effectively used for the study of culture by students of the St. Petersburg State University.
Transport behavior of pathogenic microorganisms in porous media and remediation capability of biochar: A review
Authors: Zheng Yu , Zhang Nan , Zhang Rongshe , Wang Qian , Zhao Shasha , Salah Mohomed , Wang Qiaojie , He Runchuan , Li Yuanyuan , Li Chenguang , Li Fengmin
Published: May 2024

The reuse of reclaimed water is a cost-effective way to alleviate water resource scarcity, but the residual pathogenic microorganisms inevitably influence the safety of its reuse. The transport behavior of pathogenic microorganisms in receiving porous media varies under different environmental factors and could be harmful to the natural ecology and even human health if not well treated. Biochar is expected to be an effective, environmentally-friendly functional material to inhibit the transport of pathogenic microorganisms, with unreplaceable advantages of low price, simple preparation method, and strong adsorption capacity. In the present paper, we start from identifying the transport behavior of typical pathogenic microorganisms in porous media, including protozoa, bacteria, and viruses, and then analyzing the primary factors affecting the transport of pathogenic microorganisms from the aspects of biology, physics, and chemistry. Furthermore, the effects of types of raw materials, pyrolysis temperature, particle size, and functional modification methods on the remediation performance of biochar for the transport of pathogenic microorganisms are clearly reviewed. Finally, we aim to clarify the transport rules of pathogenic microorganisms in porous media and provide biochar-based technical means for effectively inhibiting the transport of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby improving the ecological and health safety of reclaimed water reuse.
Flora ilustrada peruana – Inga (Leguminosas) Guabas y Pacaes del Perú
Authors: Pennington Terence D.
Published: May 2024

Se presenta un tratamiento taxonómico del género Inga para Perú, donde se incluyen 116 especies. Este tratamiento incluye una clave para las especies peruanas por departamento, descripciones, ilustraciones, comentarios de afinidades y distribución. También se describen once nuevas espe­cies (Inga abbreviata T.D.Penn., I. bicentenaria T.D.Penn. & S. Palacios, I. gongylodes T.D.Penn., I. mendozana T.D.Penn., I. neurostipula T.D.Penn., I. patelliformis T.D.Penn., I. promisora T.D.Penn., I. rubella T.D.Penn., I. tambopatensis T.D.Penn., I. straminea T.D.Penn. y I. rodolfovasquezii T.D.Penn.) y se propone una nueva combinación, Inga subcapitata (T.D.Penn.) T.D.Penn.
Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondrial Calcium's Roles in the
Development of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Priya Helan Krishnamandiram , Jha Krishna Priya , Kumar Nitesh , Singh Sanjiv
Published: May 2024

:

In the last decade, there has been increasing evidence connecting mitochondrial dysfunction to the
onset and advancement of atherosclerosis. Both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the disruption of mitochondrial
calcium (Ca2+) regulation have garnered significant attention due to their involvement in various stages of
atherosclerosis. This abstract discusses the potential therapeutic applications of targeting mitochondrial calcium
(Ca2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while also providing an overview of their respective roles in
atherosclerosis. The abstract underscores the importance of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in cellular physiology,
including functions such as energy production, cell death signaling, and maintaining redox balance. Alterations
in the mitochondria's Ca2+ handling disrupt all these procedures and speed up the development of
atherosclerosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated during mitochondrial respiration, are widely recognized
as significant contributors to the development of atherosclerosis. Through modulating the function of calcium
ion (Ca2+) transport proteins, ROS can impact the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ handling. These oxidative
modifications lead to vascular remodeling and plaque formation by impairing endothelial function, encouraging
the recruitment of inflammatory cells, and promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation. Preclinical investigations
indicate that interventions aimed at regulating the production and elimination of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) hold promise for mitigating atherosclerosis. Targeting mitochondrial processes represents a
prospective therapeutic strategy for addressing this condition. Further research is necessary to elucidate the intricate
molecular mechanisms associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis and develop effective
therapeutic strategies to decelerate disease progression.
A Preoperative Prediction Model for Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with
Gastric Cancer using a Machine Learning-based Ultrasomics Approach
Authors: Lin Weiwei , Zhong Qi , Guo Jingjing , Yu Shanshan , Li Kunhuang , Shen Qingling , Zhuo Minling , Xue EnSheng , Lin Peng , Chen Zhikui
Published: May 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to develop an ultrasomics model for predicting lymph node metastasis preoperative in patients with gastric cancer (GC).

Methods:

This study enrolled GC patients who underwent preoperative ultrasound examination. Manual segmentation of the region of interest (ROI) was
performed by an experienced radiologist to extract radiomics features using the Pyradiomics software. The Z-score algorithm was used for feature
normalization, followed by the Wilcoxon test to identify the most informative features. Linear prediction models were constructed using the least
absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). The performance of the ultrasomics model was evaluated using the area under curve (AUC),
sensitivity, specificity, and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

A total of 464 GC patients (mean age: 60.4 years ±11.3 [SD]; 328 men [70.7%]) were analyzed, of whom 291 had lymph node metastasis. The
patients were randomly assigned to either the training (n=324) or test (n=140) sets, using a 7:3 ratio. An ultrasomics model that consisted of 19
radiomics features was developed using Wilcoxon and LASSO algorithms in the training set. Our ultrasomics model showed moderate
performance for lymph node metastasis prediction in both the training (AUC: 0.802, 95%CI: 0.752-0.851, P<0.001) and test sets (AUC: 0.802,
95%CI: 0.724-0.879, P<0.001). The calibration curve analysis indicated good agreement between the predicted probabilities of ultrasomics and
actual lymph node metastasis status.

Conclusion:

Our study highlights the potential of a machine learning-based ultrasomics model in predicting lymph node metastasis in GC patients, offering
implications for personalized therapy approaches
Protective Effects of Iraqi Propolis on Carbimazole-induced Reduction of Sex Hormones in Female Adult Rats
Authors: Hamad Ghabish Al-Seray Ghadeer , Sagheer Ghalib Al-Mozie'l Muhsin , Selman Abdullah Asia
Published: May 2024

Background:

Propolis (PR) is used as a health supplement and is widely used in foods and
drinks in many parts of the world. This study aimed to know the possible reproductive toxicity effect
of the antithyroid drug carbimazole (CZ) in adult female albino rats and to evaluate the possible
protective role of Iraqi PR.

Methods:

Twenty-four adult female albino rats were randomized into four groups: control, PR, CZ,
and PR + CZ. Rats were orally treated for six weeks. Ovarian biochemical and histopathological
analyses were performed.

Results:

No change in appearance, no signs of toxicity, and no deaths of animals were reported
throughout the study period. There was a significant body weight increase only in the PR group. The
CZ group displayed a reduction in serum T3 and T4 levels and a rise in serum TSH levels compared
to the control. Also, there was a significant decrease in serum T3, T4, and TSH levels after exposure
to PR+ CZ compared to control. Exposure to 0.01mg/g body weight of CZ for six weeks results in a
significant reduction of serum LH, FSH, and estradiol (E2) in female rats. At the same time, PR alone
or with CZ was found to have no significant effect. Biochemical results were consistent with histopathological
results.

Conclusion:

Iraqi PR provides a protective effect against the reduction of serum sex hormones induced
by CZ. Further studies are required to confirm this effect. PR has no effect on CZ activity in
reducing thyroxin levels; however, PR might reduce the effects of CZ on TSH levels. Furthermore,
PR alone demonstrated an elevation in the weight gain of animals compared to the control group.