bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Motorcycle Parts Search Platform with a Design Thinking Approach
Authors: Anwar Wayman , Dinariyana A A B
Published: October 2024

In the motorcycle industry, finding spare parts is a big challenge for vehicle owners. This is due to the complexity of the parts market as well as the diverse needs of users. To overcome this challenge, an innovative approach is needed in designing a parts search system that is not only effective but can also meet diverse needs. This research aims to apply the Design Thinking method in designing a motorcycle parts search and gain a deep understanding of the needs and challenges faced by users, as well as create better solutions that are by these needs. This research applies a Design Thinking approach that involves a series of stages such as Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype and Test. Data was obtained through direct observation, interviews with related parties, and analysis of existing problems. The results of the study show that the majority of users are men (80%), with the dominance of entrepreneurs (43.3%) and Generation Y (76.7%). The app is also attractive to Bachelor's graduates (43.3%) and users with high needs (53.33%). Important factors that increase the app's benefits include a search feature by name and complete product details. The implementation of motorcycle parts search using Design Thinking is expected to help the company strengthen its brand image as a service provider that is responsive to user needs and increase customer loyalty through a better experience in the parts search process.
ducation and Empowerment of Women in Ancient India: Exploring a Glorious Past
Authors:   NIILM University, Kaithal, Haryana, Ankita Ankita
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive research article delves deep into the multifaceted history of women’s education and empowerment in ancient India. Spanning across various epochs, from the Indus Valley Civilization to the illustrious Gupta dynasty, it meticulously examines the progressive ideals and societal values that laid the foundation for gender equality and the pursuit of knowledge. Drawing from a rich tapestry of primary sources – the sacred Vedas, enlightening Upanishads, and captivating epics – as well as archaeological evidence, this study illuminates the educational opportunities that were availed to women, their active participation in intellectual discourse, and their indelible contributions across myriad spheres of life. Through a nuanced comparative analysis, the complexities and intricate nuances surrounding the status of women in ancient Indian society are brought to the fore. By curating a diverse array of case studies that spotlight notable female figures, delving into the intricacies of legal and social norms, and critically analyzing literary representations, this research endeavors to craft a holistic understanding of the multifarious factors that facilitated women’s empowerment, the formidable challenges they surmounted, and the enduring legacy of their remarkable achievements.
ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IPARD II PROGRAM IN SERBIA
Authors: Radović Gordana , Subić Jonel , Pejanović Vladimir
Published: October 2024

In Serbia, high expectations were focused on the IPARD Program, considering that in the entire transition period, there was a greater demand for favorable sources of financing for agriculture and rural development compared to their supply. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the implementation of the IPARD II program in Serbia, in the current period, that is, ending with the end of February 2024. The paper uses the following methods: desk research, method of descriptive statistics, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. The authors conclude that there was a significant utilization of funds from the IPARD II Program in Serbia, ending on February 29, 2024, but also that less than half of the submitted projects met the set criteria. In order for this method of financing to have the best possible effect in Serbia, better education of the inhabitants of rural areas is needed for writing projects. Also, greater financial resources from the European Union are needed in future support programs.
FACTORS AFFECTING FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY IN AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Djordjevic Milica , Novićević Čečević Bojana , Mirčevski Marjan
Published: October 2024

The research objective is to establish the factors that influence financial reporting quality (FRQ) in agricultural companies in the Republic of Serbia. Based on a sample of 99 large and medium-sized companies in this sector (86.09% of the total population), and following the analysis of 2018-2022 financial statements and auditor’s reports, we examine the conditionality of earnings management (EM) as a FRQ determinant at enterprise level. In order to achieve the defined objective, we apply statistical methods, i.e. correlation and multiple linear regression. The research results indicate that more profitable companies have better FRQ, i.e., a higher return on assets, then companies whose financial statements are audited by Big 4 audit firms and companies with low debts. Also, the research results indicate that FRQ of the sampled companies is not affected by their liquidity, board size and audit tenure.
BEYOND DISPOSABLE DESIGN: CHALLENGING PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE THROUGH CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRACTICES
Authors: Alivojvodic Vesna
Published: October 2024

The notion of obsolescence has transitioned from a naturally occurring phenomenon to a planned obsolescence, a strategic business model influenced by consumer demand, market forces, and technological progress. This paradigm began to take shape in the early 20th century and entails the production of pre-designed goods with a limited lifespan. Its widespread implementation has given rise to environmental degradation and increased waste generation. To tackle these challenges, we need to adopt responsible manufacturing practices. Currently, circular economy business models offer a chance to use more conscientious production methods. These methods focus on increasing output efficiency using fewer natural resources and materials. In addition, there is a focus on prioritising material reutilization and recyclability. This paper offers a detailed analysis of the development of planned obsolescence, including its historical evolution, causes, consequences and potential for modification of existing production practices to more fully implement the principles of the circular economy.
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ KAPSAMINDA SİVAS İLİ POTANSİYELİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Demirgil Bünyamin
Published: October 2024

Ülkelerin enerji kaynaklarına olan ihtiyaçları yaşanan nüfus artıları, sanayileşme ve teknolojik gelişme gibi nedenlerden dolayı sürekli artış göstermektedir. Dünyada enerji ihtiyacının karşılanmasında fosil kaynaklardan elde edilen enerji birincil önem sahiptir. Ancak fosil enerji kaynaklarının çevre üzerinde yarattığı ciddi tahribatlar ve yakın gelecekte rezervlerinin önemli ölçüde tükenecek olması enerjide ülkeleri yeni arayışlara yöneltmiştir. Bu arayış fosil enerji kaynaklarının alternatifi olarak nitelendirilen rüzgar, güneş, hidrolik, jeotermal gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının önemini artırmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının fosil enerji kaynaklarına göre çevre üzerinde meydana getirdiği olumsuz etkiler daha azdır. Ayrıca yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı enerjide dışa bağımlı olan ülkelerin bağımlılığını azaltmada önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Sivas ilinde yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları güneş, rüzgâr, hidrolik ve biyokütle enerji santrallerinin kurulu güçleri ve potansiyelleri incelenmiştir.
Arthur Vööbus Collection at Hill Museum & Manuscript Library
Authors:   Hill Museum and Manuscript Library Collegeville, Minnesota, Kitchen Robert A.
Published: October 2024

This article is a report of the transfer of the Arthur Vööbus collection from the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago to permanent location at the Hill Museum and Manuscript Library, St. John’s University, Collegeville, Minnesota, USA. These include microfilms and photographs of Syriac manuscripts which Vööbus found in numerous Middle Eastern churches, monasteries and libraries, along with his personal papers. Special pages on Vööbus and the contents of the collection are available on the hmml.org website.
Shedding Lights on the Syriac Community in the Hattākh/ Lice District, Northeast Province of Diyarbakir
Authors:   American Theological Library Association Chicago, Bcheiry Iskandar
Published: October 2024

Jean Maurice Fiey provided little but valuable historical information about the Syriac community in the Hattākh region. The present article aims to offer additional information collected from historical colophons, notices, marginalia, registers of ordinations, and endowments found in Syriac, Garshūnī, and Arabic manuscripts and archives about Syriacs in Hattākh. These sources shed light not only on the history of sacred places and clergy but also on the social, and cultural life of the Syriacs and their relationship with their neighbors, particularly the Armenians.
Interactions between Syriac And Greek Hymnography
Authors:   Oxford University, Brock Sebastian P.
Published: October 2024

For about 1000 years, from the 4th to the 13th century, Syriac and Greek hymnographical traditions interacted in various ways. Earlier on, the Syriac tradition enjoyed the greater prestige, but from the 6th century onwards Greek hymnography exerted an increasingly strong influence on the Syriac tradition; first, this was with the Syriac translations of the hymns of Severus, then from the eighth century onwards, with the canons of Kosmas, John of Damascus and others, undertaken in Melkite circles, but taken up in the Syrian Orthodox tradition as well. An Appendix identifies and lists the canons of Kosmas and John of Damascus which are to be found in the two printed editions of the Fenqitho.
The Development of the Night Office in the Syrian Orthodox Breviary Šḥimō according to the Manuscripts of Mor Gabriel Monastery (1474-1900): Some Thoughts and Conclusions
Authors:   Sankt Ignatios College, Stockholm, Andersson Johan
Published: October 2024

This paper offers selected material from the research master’s program I completed at Sankt Ignatios College, University College Stockholm. For completing my thesis, I have been engaged in studying the development of the night office by comparing Manuscripts of the Mor Gabriel monastery of South-Eastern Türkiye during the years 1474-1900 A.D. In this article I present some findings and conclusions from my research.
An Unpublished Syriac Witness to the Discourse of Timothy the Presbyter “on Simeon, the Elder and the
Presentation of the Lord into the Temple”
Authors:   American Theological Library Association, Chicago, Bcheiry Iskandar
Published: October 2024

The Syriac manuscript in the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, shelf marked A 12008, is a collection of homilies, most of which are by Jacob of Serugh. Among the many homilies in the manuscript, there is a discourse attributed to Timothy, the Presbyter, on “Simeon, the Elder and the Presentation of Our Lord into the Temple.” The Syriac text of this homily matches the Greek text of a homily attributed to Timothy, presbyter of Jerusalem, on the same subject; however, the Syriac unpublished witness contains some interesting variations in the form, structure, and content distinguished from the published Greek version in CPG 7405 (PG 86:252).
The Development of the “New Jews” Theme in Syriac Texts
on Islam from the Seventh to the Ninth Centuries
Authors:   Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Jakob Joachim
Published: October 2024

Several Syriac texts of the period from the seventh to the ninth centuries were devoted to the religious challenge of Islam. A topic which emerges regularly in these texts is the so-called “‘new Jews’ theme:” Muslims and their faith were compared to the Jews and their faith by some means or other. Syriac authors resorted to anti-Jewish stereotypes from the pre-Islamic era and used these stereotypes to compromise the new religion of Islam in the eyes of their Christian readers. The similarities between Jews and Muslims regarding crucial Christian doctrines such as the Trinity and the Incarnation led Christian writers like Patriarch Timothy I (d. 823) to designate Muslims as “new Jews.” By comparing several Syriac texts on Islam from the period in question, the paper outlines the development of the “‘new Jews’ theme” in the Syriac Christians’ reactions toward Islam.
Tears in the Syriac Monastic Tradition
Authors:   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad; Institute for South-East European Studies, Romanian, Corbu Agapie , Vîlcu Filothei ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad; Institute for South-East European Studies, Romanian
Published: October 2024

Tears represent signs of the state of the soul. Just as there are many stages of the spiritual life and states experienced under the influence of grace or of the passions, so there are many kinds of tears. The Syriac Fathers do not speak systematically about spiritual weeping and tears. However, what we attempt to do in this paper is to illustrate tears as features of spiritual life of the monk, a major attention being given to their provenance and role, based on the brief naratives we collect from some compositions of Syriac mystics and church fathers.
ANALYSIS OF GLARE IN CLASSROOMS UNDER ABNT NBR 15.215-3:2024 AND CONSIDERING USER'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   UFMG, Arêdes Monteiro Larissa , Cardoso Fagundes Mendes Ludmila ,   UFMG, Paula Silva Sousa Ana ,   UFMG, Soledade Santos Maxuel ,   UFMG, Vieira Gonçalves de Souza Roberta ,   UFMG
Published: October 2024

The new version of the Brazilian standard for Daylighting - Part 3 - Procedures for the evaluation of daylighting in indoor spaces, ABNT NBR 15.215-3:2024 proposes assessing the quality of lighting in indoor spaces based on new parameters, including the phenomenon of glare. Glare caused by daylight can affect the performance of users in educational spaces. This study aimed to examine the occurrence of daylight glare in a classroom at the Federal University of Minas Gerais using computer simulation with the ClimateStudio plug-in for Rhinoceros software based on methodologies proposed in the Brazilian standard along with questionnaires. Users' perception indicated that the level of glare might be higher than predicted by the simulations. It was concluded that control devices are essential to mitigate discomfort caused by glare in daylit spaces.
SOCIO – ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING INSURGENCY ON COWPEA PRODUCTION IN SELECTED LGA’S OF YOBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Maimusa, A.  , Bose, A. A.  , Jibril, S. A.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the effect of insurgency on cowpea production in Geidam and Gujba Local Government Areas, in Yobe State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling techniques was used to select 169 cowpea farmers. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that the mean age of cowpea farmers was 38 years. Most (93.0% and 91.7%) of the farmers were male and married with an average household size of 8 persons. The result also showed that the cowpea farmers had average farming experience of 9 years with a mean farm size of 3 hectares. Furthermore, the result showed that mean annual income before and during insurgency were ₦489,053.00 and ₦257,278.00 respectively. The result also showed that 40.2% of the cowpea farmers had never attended formal education. The result revealed that Almost all (96.4%) and majority 72.8% of the farmers confirmed that boko-haram and Kidnappings were the serious forms of insurgency. The major causes of insurgency include: unemployment (91.1%), poor education (82.8%) and poverty (66.3%) among others. The result of regression showed that income during insurgency (-1.763E-6) and sex (-1.117) had negative coefficient and significant (P<0.05 and P<0.01) respectively in influence insurgency. Also, farm size, household size, output during insurgency and farming experience had positive coefficient and significant (P<0.05) in influencing insurgency. The result further disclosed that R – square was 0.631and this was justified by F – value of 3.278 which was significant at P<0.01. The study concluded that, insurgency had adversely affected the livelihood of the farmers in both Local Government Areas. The study recommends that employment opportunities should be given to the youths, credit facilities and grants by government/NGOs, in order to boost the production of cowpea and living standard of the farmers in the study area.
EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND SPACING ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF KENAF (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Samari, L. K.  , Fagam, A. S.  , Shuaibu, Y. M.  , Bala, R. A.
Published: October 2024

Field experiment was carried out to determinethe effects of nitrogen and intra-row spacing on the growth and yield of kenafat Bauchi state college of Agriculture during the 2018 and 2019 rainy seasons.The treatments consisted of four nitrogen levels (0kg/ha, 56kg/ha, 112kg/ha and 168kg/ha) and three intra row spacing (10, 20 and 30). These were factorially combined to give twelve (12) treatment combinations and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three (3) times. Data were collected at bi-weekly interval on plant height, number of leaves, freshr and dry fiber yield. All data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to separate the means. The result of the experiment revealed a significant (P≤0.01) difference among the treatments used throughout the study period. The result indicated that, Application of nitrogen at the rate of 56 kg/ha significantly (P ≤0.01) produced taller plants than all other levels of nitrogen. On intra-row spacing the use 30cm had taller plants than all other treatments studied and were at par with 20cm at 6, 8, and 12 WAS. The result further revealed that, narrow-intra-row spacing (10cm × 50cm) resulted in a decrease in plant height at the beginning of the growing season, but had a significant (P≤0.00) influence at 8 and 10 weeks after sowing. The result also revealed that, wider spacing (30 × 50cm) increases plant height, stem girth, leaf area and consequently the stem and total dry fiber yield per plant. Based on the result of this study, application of nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 56 kg/ha to kenaf spaced at 30 x 50 cm promote better growth and fiber yield in both the seasons under observation and can be adopted by farmers in the study area.
YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) VARIETIES AS INFLUENCED BY POTASSIUM RATES IN THE SUDAN SAVANNA ECOLOGY OF NIGERIA
Authors: Rufai, S.  , Dalawa, Y.U.  , Shittu, E.A.  , Lado, A.  , Isa, H.M.  , Bello, T.T.
Published: October 2024

The field experiment was conducted to study the influence of potassium levels on yield, oil content, and antioxidant (tocopherol) content of sesame at Dawakin Kudu (DKD) and Bichi (BCH), both located in the Sudan savannah ecological zone of Nigeria, during the 2018 rainy season. The treatment consisted four (4) levels of potassium (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) and two (2) varieties of sesame (Ex Sudan and E8), these were factorially combined to eight treatments and laid out in a randomized complete block design replicated four times. Each plot consisted of 6 ridges, 3 x 4 m (12 m-2), and the net plot size consisted of the two inner ridges, 3 m x 1.5 m (4.5 m-2), with a discard of 0.5 m and 1.0 m between the plots and replications, respectively. The results of the experiment showed that, number of capsules per plant, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, oil content, and tocopherol content did not change significantly (P > 0.05) when 50 kg ha-1 of K fertilizer was applied. But when it came to yielding more capsules per plant than E8 (28.9), the Ex-sudan (41.8) variety fared better at DKD location. Therefore, it is advised that farmers in the research region cultivate sesame using the Ex Sudan-variety and use 50 kg of potassium fertilizer per hectare to maintain sesame's output, oil content, and tocopherol level.
FOOD AND FEEDING HABIT OF MACROBRACHIUM FELICINUM AND MACROBRACHIUM VOLLENHOVENII, AT THE AMASSOMA AXIS OF IGBEDI CREEK, BAYELSA STATE
Authors: Binaebi, E.D.  , Obomunu, B.  , Kainga, J. S.
Published: October 2024

Food as a nutritious substance is necessary for the survival of any organism including Macrobrachium felicinum and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii. The investigation of the food and feeding habit of these species in Amassoma Axis of Igbedi Creek, Bayelsa State which was carried out for 12 calendar month in the year 2020 indicates that Ulothrix is the most consumed phytoplankton species for M. felicinum with (56.25%) and Aphanochaete (14.53%) for M. vollenhovenii. Plant materials consumed by M. felicinum constituting (62.5%), while M. vollenhovenii consumed (18.86%). The most consumed zooplanktons is the Copepod M. felicinum (31.25%); M. vollenhovenii (9.45%). The index of relative importance of each food item showed that plant material has the highest significance in M. felicinum (18.12%) and (21.22%) for M. vollenhovenii respectively. The knowledge of the diet of a species in nature is important for the establishment of its nutritional needs and shows its interaction with other organisms. The both species are omnivorous species with preference to plankton, plant materials and crustaceans. Based on the result of this study, culture of these species to support the aquaculture industry in the study area is recommended.
ROLE OF RADIO AND MOBILE PHONE IN DISSEMINATING AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION TO CROP FARMERS IN CENTRAL ZONE OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Salisu, A.  , Danwanka, H. A.  , Hassan, A. B.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the roles of radio and mobile phones in disseminating agricultural information to crop farmers in Central Zone of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed in selecting 180 farmers from the study area. Primary data were obtained through administration of structured questionnaires from the respondents. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result reveals that majority (78.9%, 77.2% and 73.3%) of the respondents were male, hausa and married, while 47.2% and 45% of the respondents were into farming and had attained tertiary level of education in the study area. The result further shows that most of the respondents were within their active ages of production as indicated by the mean age of 41.5 years and 10 years of farming experience. The result also shows that respondents had a mean of 5 persons per households and 2.8ha of land. The result further reveals that majority (96.7%, 88.3%, 74.4% and 71.1%) of the respondents owned a mobile phone, radio, listens to local stations and owns a smart phone. The result also shows that majority (84.4% and 62.2%) of the respondents purchased phones and subscribed to MTN network. The result also shows that the major information accessed by the respondents were on conservation practices, pest/disease outbreak and livestock management and were ranked 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively. The factors influencing the use of radio and mobile phones were years of experience, household size and number of technologies adopted significant (P<0.05 and P<0.001), respectively. The result also shows that the major challenges faced by the respondents in accessing information from radio and mobile phones were occasional presentation of agricultural program, digital skills and lack of awareness which were ranked 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively. The study concluded that years of farming experience, household size and technologies adopted were the factors influencing the use of Radio and Mobile phones in the study area. the research recommended that, Agricultural programs should be constantly presented among local and international radio stations in the study area, farmers should form cooperatives and create and avenue for training on the use of digital technologies.
INFLUENCE OF FEED TYPE ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL LAYING HENS IN BAUCHI METROPOLIS
Authors: Sulaiman, R.  , Abubakar, M. M.  , Abdullahi, U. S.
Published: October 2024

The trial was conducted for a period of 14 weeks to determine the influence of feed type on productive performance of commercial laying hens in Bauchi Metropolis. The treatments consisted of T1 (Maize, Wheat Offal), T2 (Maize, Sorghum, Wheat Offal), T3 (Sorghum, Rice Offal), T4 (Maize, Wheat Offal, Rice Offal), T5 (Maize, Rice Offal), T6 (Sorghum, Wheat Offal), T7 (Sorghum, Wheat Offal, Rice Offal), T8 (Maize, Sorghum, Wheat Offal) A total of 384 Agrited Lohmann Brown laying hens managed in a battery cage system and grouped into eight (8) feed and 48 birds per treatment were used. In each treatment, the birds were distributed into three (3) tiers (16 birds per tier) of upper, middle and lower tiers of the battery cage that served as replication in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum. Data generated were analyzed using General Linear Model Analysis for hen day egg production and Univariate Analysis of Variance for feed intake and feed conversion ratio. hen-day egg production was highest in T4 (65.48%) and T3 (65.43%) and the lowest in T1 (64.50) and T2 (64.41%); p<0.001. Feed intake (g/day) ranges from 108.77kg to 107.67kg with birds on T4 consuming more feed than the other. Feed conversion ratio was highest (p<0.001) in T1 (2.64) and T7 (2.64) and lowest in T3 (2.59) and T8 (2.88). It can be concluded that different feed type had influence on productive performance of commercial laying hens.
EFFECT OF FARMER-HERDER CONFLICTS ON FOOD SECURITY IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Dabo. N. M*.  , Garba, M.  , Yakubu, S.  , Abdullahi S.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the effects of farmer-herder conflicts on food security in Taraba State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted for the selection of 400 respondents. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding from the study showed that majority of the crop farmers and herders were within the mean ages of 41.1 and 35.5 years, respectively. The findings revealed that the mean years of experience of crop farmers and herders were, 13.6 and 12.5 years, respectively. On the other hand, crop farmers and herders had a mean annual income of ₦130,655.91 and ₦143,308.1 respectively. Most (99.5% and 77.4%) of the herders and crop farmers were male, while majority (67.7% and 64.1%) of the crop farmers and herders were married with a mean household size of 8.7 and 7.9 persons, respectively. Factors such as age (P<0.05 and P<0.01)), household size (P<0.05 and P<0.01), annual income (P<0.01), land size (P<0.01), and conflict involvement (P<0.01) had significant influence on food security status of crop farmers and herders, respectively. The major constraints to conflict resolution strategies were insecurity (93.5%), poor peace building strategy (91.9%) and lack of implementation of livestock development plan (91.4%). The study concluded that age, household size, annual income, land size and conflict involvement significantly influence crop farmers and herders food security status. The study recommends that crop farmers and herders should form community task force to reduce level of insecurity and Government should implement and monitor livestock development plan. In addition, institutions should use bottom up approach in peace building strategies.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS YIELD OF NEW ZEALAND WHITE AND DUTCH RABBITS FED TWO ENERGY SOURCES AS MEANS OF EMPLOYMENT FOR GRADUATE ANIMAL SCIENTISTS
Authors: Bello, K. M.  , Jama’a, N. A.  , Adamu, N.
Published: October 2024

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of weaned mongrel breeds of rabbits to two dietary energy sources. Four diets were formulated in which two breeds and two energy sources were considered in a 2x2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Fourty weaned rabbits were allotted in to the four diets in five replicates with two rabbits each. Feed and water were given adlibtum and the feeding trial lasted for six weeks. At the end of the experiment, sixteen rabbits were slaughtered for carcass analysis. The main effects revealed that New Zealand White rabbits had higher (P<0.01) final weight (2.16 kg) than Dutch (1.83 kg). Also, rabbits fed white sorghum diets have significantly (P<0.01) higher total and daily weight gains as well as better feed conversion ratio than those fed diets containing maize. Result of the interactions showed that total and daily feed intake were significantly (P<0.01) higher in diets 2 and 3 while feed conversion ratio was better (P<0.001) in diets 1 and 4. The result further revealed that, breeds and energy had no significant (P<0.001) influence on carcass yield of rabbits. The lowest feed cost per kg gain was obtained in Dutch rabbits fed white sorghum-based diet with a value of N 2,402.28. Based on the result of this study, it was concluded that both New Zealand White and Dutch rabbits performed optimally on the two energy sources without negative effects on growth rate and carcass yield. However, sorghum containing diet was more economical.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING COOKED TALLOW (Detarium microcarpum) SEED MEAL SUPPLEMENTED WITH ENZYME TO BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: Sabo, A.  , Abdullahi, M. A.  , Sulaiman, R.  , Jaafar, A. M.  , Ahmed, A. M.
Published: October 2024

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding cooked tallow (Detarium microcarpum) seed meal supplemented with enzyme on growth performance, serum biochemistry and carcass parameters of broiler chickens. During the feeding trial, three hundred (300) day-old Cob-500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five different experimental diets with three replicates each containing twenty birds in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The inclusion levels were 0% for the control diet and 10% CDMSM each for diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 cooked for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes respectively and the enzyme (maxigrain®) was added at 10g/100kg feed. The result revealed a significant (P<0.05) difference across dietary treatments for final weight gain, daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio and this indicated that supplementation of enzyme to broiler finisher diets had effect on the performance parameters. The result of serum biochemical parameters indicated a significant (P<0.05) difference among the treatment in AST, ALT and creatinine but no significant (P>0.05) differences across the treatment means for total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels of the broiler chickens. The result of live and organ weights obtained in the second experiment showed that, there were significant (P<0.05) differences across the treatment means for live weight, dressed weight and dressing percentage of the birds but gizzard, abdominal fat and spleen were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced. The result of live and organ weights obtained in the second experiment showed that there were significant (P<0.05) differences across the treatment means for live weight, dressed weight and dressing percentage of the birds but gizzard, abdominal fat and spleen were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced by the treatment. In conclusion, addition of enzyme (maxigrain®) on cooked Tallow (Detarium microcarpum) seed reduced the anti-nutritional factors but did not improve the performance of birds when compared to the control diet and futher research needs to be carried out to explore the best cooking durations of Detarium microcarpum seeds and determine the appropriate enzyme to be used.
HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETARY LEVELS OF SWEET POTATO PEEL MEAL
Authors: Auta, Y. I.  , Muhammad, A. S.  , Sani, I.  , Jama’a, N. A.
Published: October 2024

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the blood haematology and serum biochemical indices of broiler chicken fed graded levels of potato peel meal (SPPM) as replacement for maize. The treatment consisted of five diets formulated using SPPM to replace maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively in both starter (23%CP) and finisher (20%CP) phases. Two hundred and twenty five one week old broiler chicks were allotted to the five diets in four replicates of fifteen chick each in a completely randomized design (CRD). The feeding trial lasted for six weeks with feed and water given ad libtum. At the end of week six, blood samples were collected from three birds in each replicate and subjected to laboratory analysis for both haematology and serum biochemistry. Results obtained indicated that, all the serum biochemical indices were not statistically (P>0.05) affected by the dietary treatment except percentage Haematocrit (HCT) which was affected significantly (P<0.05) by the diets with values ranging from 21.07-28.67%. Similarly, all the blood haematology parameters were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the substitution levels of SPPM to maize. Both the serum biochemistry and haematology were within normal values which indicated that the birds were healthy and their meats were safe for consumption. It was concluded that feeding broiler birds with SPPM and maize based diets has no deleterious effects on their haematology and serum biochemistry indices as well as their general health. Therefore, substituting conventional maize with sweet potato peel meal is recommended and further studies on other poultry species are encouraged
SHELF-LIFE STUDY OF SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL INDICES OF GUM ARABIC COATED LARGE FRUITED RED BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Ahmed, K. Y.  , Fatima, J. B.  , Abdullahi, T. I.  , Ibrahim, B.  , Oladimeji, O. O.  , Abdulqadir, B. I.
Published: October 2024

The study investigated some changes in the physicochemical parameters of red bell paper (RBP) coated with Gum Arabic (GA) at different concentrations under an ambient storage condition. The treatments consisted of four (4) different concentrations (50000ppm, 100000ppm, 150000ppm and 200000ppm) by dissolving 5, 10, 15 and 20g GA in respective 100 milliliters of distilled water. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and differences in means were examined using Tukey at 95% confidence level. Significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed in the firmness, colour, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, decay and weight loss percentages of the coated red bell peppers relative to the control. RBP coated with 10x103ppm had more retention of the evaluated physicochemical indices during and after nine days storage period. Successive firmness and colour values throughout storage times for the 10,000-ppm coated samples suggested a better GA concentration for coating red bell pepper for days in a rather ambient storage condition.
AWARENESS OF HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF AGROCHEMICALS USE AMONG CROP FARMERS IN BAUCHI AND TORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: Bello, A. S.  , Sani, R. M.  , Usman. H.
Published: October 2024

The study assessed the awareness on health implication of agrochemical usage among crop farmers in Bauchi State. Multistage stage sampling techniques was used in selecting 156 farmers for the study. Primary data were obtained through the administration of questionnaires and data analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results reveal that most (96.2%) of the farmers were male, middle-aged (76.3%) with relatively small household size (64.8%). Similarly, majority (66%) of the respondents engaged into trading as other forms of occupations besides farming. The result also shows that farmers used fungicides (49%), fertilizers (12.8%) and insecticides (12.2%). The primary reasons for using agrochemical were to increase yield (96.8%) and extension agents’ advice (87.2%). The result further shows that farmers mainly relied on self-experience (92.3%), affordability (92.3%) and extension agents' advice (71.2%) to determine the types of agrochemical to be use. The result further shows that access to extension services, frequency of training received, and types of agrochemical usage were negative and significant influencing the use of agrochemical at (P<0.01), while access to credit sources was positive and significant at (P<0.05) influencing farmers use of agrochemicals. Furthermore, majority of the farmers reported experiencing various health challenges like eye problems (92.9%) and stomach irritation (87.2%). The study concluded that the farmers were aware of agrochemical usage in crop production, despite its documented effects on human health. It is recommended that farmers should form cooperatives and pull down resources to sponsor private extension services to improve access to extension and also increase their access to media channels to promote alternative information channels on the use of agrochemical in the study area.
ANALYSIS OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN JOS SOUTH AND RIYOM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Malachi, J. A.  , Ochi, J. E.  , Jibril, S. A.
Published: October 2024

The study analyzed income diversification among rural households in Jos South and Riyom Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting 275 respondents for the study. Data were collected using questionnaires administered, 275 respondents out of which 258 were retrieved and analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 34.5 years, 50.80% were male, majority (60.50%) were married with a mean household size of 5 persons and more than half (56.20%) of the respondents had tertiary education. The results further revealed that the mean farm size of the respondents was 2.27 hectares, 40.3% acquired their land through inheritance, with mean farming experience of 9 years and mean monthly income of N53, 922.48. In addition, the results also revealed that, non-farm wage labour (42.60%), farm related employment (40.70%) and non-farm self-employment (16.70) were the primary economic activities of rural households in the study area.The results of Tobit regression analysis of the determinants of income diversification showed that farm size (P<0.05), household size (P<0.01), educational level (P<0.05) and extension contact (P<0.05) significantly influenced income diversification among the rural households. It was concluded that rural households diversified their income sources and income diversification has significant influence on socio-economic variables. It is therefore recommended that policies aimed at improving rural households should strengthen non-farm sectors through the provision of adequate capital, functional institutions and social amenities.
UTILIZATION OF VARING PROPORTIONS OF UREA-TREATED SUGAR CANE SCRAPPINGS AND GROUNDNUT HAULMS IN THE DIETS OF GROWING YANKASA RAMS
Authors: Bashir, S. S.  , Abubakar, M.  , Sani, I.
Published: October 2024

The study evaluated the utilization of varying Proportion of urea-Treated sugarcane scrappings (SS) and Groundnut haulms in the diets of Growing Yankasa rams. Sixteen (16) Yankasa Rams were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, each with four rams in a completely randomized design. Four experimental diets were formulated with SS, and GH, T1 (7.5), T2 (15%), T3 (22.5%), and T (30%). GH T1 (30%), T2 (22.5%), T3 (15%), and T4 (7.50%). Labeled as T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively. The results revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in the final weight gain. Rams on T1 had the highest final weight gain (23.30 kg), while those on T4 had the lowest (20.32 kg). The total weight gain and daily weight gain were similar across treatments, with T2 showing a slightly higher daily gain (0.10 kg/day). Feed intake was highest in T1 (50.77 kg) and decreased with increasing levels of groundnut haulm. Feed conversion ratios were lowest in T2 (6.74) and highest in T1 (7.55). Haematological parameters varied significantly among treatments. Rams on T3 had the highest packed cell volume (46.8%), while T4 showed the highest hemoglobin concentration (18.4 g/dL) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (41.5 g/dL). Serum biochemistry revealed that total protein was highest in T4 (32.20 g/L), while glucose levels were within the reference range for all treatments. Urea and cholesterol levels were also within the normal ranges, with T3 showing the highest urea (9.7 mmol/L) and T1 the highest cholesterol (2.0 mmol/L). Rumen pH at 0 hours before feeding (BF) ranged from 6.60 in T4 to 6.90 in T3. Five hours after feeding (AF), the pH varied, with T3 showing the lowest pH (5.97) and T4 the highest (6.94). Rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) was highest in T1 at both 0 hours BF (51.49 mg/dL) and 5 hours AF (68.41 mg/dL). Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were highest in T2 at 0 hours BF (84.89 mmol/100) and in T3 at 5 hours AF (127.61 mmol/100). In conclusion, the inclusion of sugar cane scrapping up to 30% in the diet did show adverse effect on Yankasa Rams. It is recommended to include sugar cane scrapping and groundnut haulm at levels of 15% to 22.5% in the diets of Yankasa Rams to achieve optimal growth and health benefits.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the second link of the chain of survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Ivanišević Luka , Jurković Milana , Radulović Milovan , Ćirić Jovana , Mihajlović Bojan
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) represents an unexpected and abrupt cessation of circulation. The chain of survival refers to the interventions that need to be implemented to increase the survival rate of SCA. Objective: To determine if there are significant deviations in the application of BLS by the eyewitnesses before, during and after the pandemic and if there are differences in achieving ROSC. Material and methods: The study is retrospective and observational. It was conducted for three years at the Institute for Emergency Medical Assistance Novi Sad (IEMANS). The study included patients in whom the ambulance teams implemented measures of Advanced life support (ALS) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Patients are divided into three groups based on the year they experienced SCA. Results: There were 580 patients enrolled in the study. The highest number of patients experienced SCA during the pandemic 223 (38,45%). The percentage of immediately initiated resuscitation measures is the lowest during pandemic 35 (15,7%). The arrival time of the ambulance teams is the longest in pandemic group (7,61 ± 3,72). The highest percentage of ROSC was in the prepandemic group that experienced SCA 38 (19,79%) and the lowest during the pandemic 23 (10,31%). Immediately initiated resuscitation measures and the speed of the ambulance team's arrival have the greatest impact on achieving ROSC in OHCA. Conclusion: During the pandemy of COVID-19 the number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests increased significantly but the survival rate is the lowest in that group. In that group there is the lowest percentage of immediately started measures of BLS and the longest arrival time of the IEMANS team, which has a statistically significant impact on the establishment of ROSC.
Cross-border merger and acquisition of companies
Authors: Šogorov-Vučković Jelena , Urač Adrian
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the solutions of the Law on Companies of the Republic of Serbia, on cross-border merger and acquisition of companies. The provisions regulating this very important area were adopted in 2018 in the amendments to the Law on Companies, but their implementation was postponed until January the 1st, 2025. As this date approaches, we believe that it is necessary to point out new legal solutions that will affect the procedures of merger of companies based in the Republic of Serbia and capital companies from a Member State of the European Union or a signatory state to the Treaty on the European Economic Area. This possibility can have a very positive impact on the economic environment, and increase the inflow of foreign capital. The paper first defines the concept of this type of merger, then the procedure by which it is performed, and the conditions for successful completion and registration of the executed merger or acquisition in the register of business entities. At the very end, before the concluding considerations, the legal consequences of the merger are pointed out, and a simplified merger procedure is defined.
System of legal regulations that regulate property restitution in the Republic of Serbia: Between general and special
Authors: Selaković Jasna
Published: October 2024

The unity of legal system in the Republic of Serbia is prescribed by the express constitutional norm from Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Constitution, while Articles 194 and 195 of the Constitution regulate the question of the hierarchy of general legal acts, without which hierarchy we cannot talk about the unity of the legal order. When creating a system of rules that will regulate a given area, the legislator should strive to ensure that there are no significant deviations and mutually opposing legal norms among the various laws and by-law regulations within that legal area, but that there is one rounded and harmonious system of legal norms that comprehensively regulates one area of social life. However, as this high goal is not always possible or easy to achieve, since ancient times there have been rules by which conflicts of legal norms from different regulations are resolved - lex posterior derogat legi prior; lex specialis derogat legi generalis; lex superior derogat legi inferior. Nevertheless, bearing in mind the legislative chronology regarding the regulation of the restitution of confiscated property, in this area of legal regulation, the application of the mentioned rules can be questionable and problematic. This is due to the fact that the legislator, guided primarily by non-legal motives, decided to regulate the area of property restitution in a fragmented manner, by first passing special laws, which referred only to certain narrow circles of subjects, and then a few years later passed "general" law regulating the restitution of confiscated property and compensation, thus creating a situation where the lex generalis is also the lex posterior, and the lex specialis is the lex prior. This paper will look at the system of norms that regulate the restitution of property, the interrelationships of the legal texts that regulate this area, as well as the consequences that different legislative approaches have had or could have.
Electronic public bidding as a legislative amendment in the sale of real estate in enforcement proceedings
Authors: Jovanović Anđela , Aleksić Nina
Published: October 2024

The enforcement procedure is in a continuous state of evolution. Given that self-help is prohibited in a rule-of-law state, the legislator has enabled instruments through the Enforcement and Security Act, by which every individual can realize their right through an organized enforcement procedure. The efficiency of enforcement implementation is of essential importance for the functioning of any legal system. The sale of real estate as a means of enforcement in the enforcement procedure represents a necessary instrument that ensures the secure and efficient satisfaction of the creditor's claim and the realization of their rights and interests. The introduction of electronic public bidding in the process of real estate sales into Serbian legislation through the 2019 amendment aimed not only to prevent abuses but also to improve the overall process in several ways, including increasing transparency and reducing corruption, encouraging competition, enhancing efficiency and speed, reducing costs, ensuring equality among participants, and facilitating public oversight. Following the modern trend of digitalization, this work is dedicated to the analysis of public bidding conducted electronically. Through normative analysis, as well as the analysis of legal procedures and challenges, the author primarily aims to identify electronic public bidding as a more efficient and transparent method of real estate sale that ensures the satisfaction of the creditor.