bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rice N-acetylserotonin deacetylase regulates melatonin levels in transgenic rice
Authors: Lee Kyungjin , Hwang Ok Jin , Back Kyoungwhan
Published: March 2020

A reverse melatonin biosynthetic pathway was recently discovered in plants, by which N-acetylserotonin (NAS) is converted into serotonin by N-acetylserotonin deacetylase (ASDAC) rather than into melatonin by N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT). In this study, we generated transgenic rice plants in which ASDAC was either suppressed or overexpressed to determine whether ASDAC is functionally involved in melatonin biosynthesis. ASDAC-suppressed rice showed increased levels of NAS, 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT), and melatonin, whereas ASDAC-overexpressed rice exhibited less melatonin synthesis than observed in the wild type. This finding is strong evidence of the role of ASDAC in melatonin biosynthesis in rice. The increased levels of 5-MT, which is produced either by ASDAC from melatonin or by serotonin O-methyltransferase (SOMT) from serotonin in ASDAC-suppressed rice, was ascribed to enhanced SOMT enzyme activity rather than increased transcripts, such as ASMT or caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) encoding SOMT activity.
Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral”
Authors: Reiter Russel J , Ma Qiang , Sharma Ramaswamy
Published: March 2020

This review summarizes published reports on the utility of melatonin as a treatment for virus-mediated diseases. Of special note are the data related to the role of melatonin in influencing Ebola virus disease. This infection and deadly condition has no effective treatment and the published works documenting the ability of melatonin to attenuate the severity of viral infections generally and Ebola infection specifically are considered. The capacity of melatonin to prevent one of the major complications of an Ebola infection, i.e., the hemorrhagic shock syndrome, which often contributes to the high mortality rate, is noteworthy. Considering the high safety profile of melatonin, the fact that it is easily produced, inexpensive and can be self-administered makes it an attractive potential treatment for Ebola virus pathology.
VOZES INTERCALADAS ENTRE A LITERATURA E A HISTÓRIA ANGOLANAS: TESSITURAS EM MAYOMBE E NOITES DE VIGÍLIA
Authors: Ferreira Derneval Andrade , Dos Santos Adelino Pereira
Published: March 2020

Neste trabalho, discutimos as relações entre a Literatura e a História a partir de considerações sobre os romances Mayombe e Noites de Vigília, dos escritores angolanos Pepetela e Boaventura Cardoso, respectivamente.  Amparados em pressupostos teóricos da Crítica Literária e da Nova História Cultural, assumimos o ponto de vista de que as relações entre a Literatura e a História se dão muito além de meras fontes documentais, mas de tessituras em que as vivências, sentimentos e experiências dos escritores e historiadores deixam registradas nas páginas dos romances e nas narrativas historiográficas. Por meio da análise que aqui apresentamos pudemos evidenciar que os autores dessas narrativas conseguem expressar o imaginário histórico-cultural angolano, problematizar conflitos e tensões e, ao mesmo tempo, construir, por meio de uma escrita convocatória, momentos de inquietações, de releituras, sobre fatos da história angolana. Concluímos que a arte literária não é apenas um elemento que enfatiza ilusões, devaneios, mas, sobretudo, transforma-se em um recurso capaz de refletir as ações do homem e suas vivências na sociedade, assim como consegue, ainda, reconfigurar ideias e anseios de uma determinada época.
Современные методы планирования и протезирования несъёмными конструкциями с опорой на дентальные имплантаты
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Горбачев Ф.А.
Published: March 2020

Определение оптимального плана стоматологического лечения для конкретного пациента требует проведения тщательного обследования и планирования.
Цель исследования. Разработать алгоритм планирования и протезирования несъёмными ортопедическими конструкциями с использованием цифрового протокола дентальной имплантации.
Объекты и методы исследования. Для цифрового планирования дентальной имплантации с изготовлением хирургического шаблона и ортопедической конструкции использовали программу фирмы производителя МGUIDE. Данное программное обеспечение позволяет проводить виртуальное планирование по данным DICOM, а также моделировать и изготавливать хирургические шаблоны и ортопедические конструкции.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Применение современных технологий в имплантологической стоматологии открывает новые значительные возможности в диагностике, хирургическом вмешательстве и ортопедическом лечении. Внедрение цифрового планирования в имплантацию несет в себе значительное количество преимуществ для всей команды врачей-стоматологов, а также для пациента. Наибольшим преимуществом является доминирование предоперационного планирования над интраоперационным. Имплантация становится более комфортным, предсказуемым и быстрым лечебным мероприятием.
Заключение. Использование специальных программ по оценке трехмерной цифровой информации зубочелюстной системы является инновационным подходом в современной стоматологии. Изготовление навигационного шаблона позволило получить ценную информацию о дефектах, объеме необходимой регенерации и оптимальном положении дентальных имплантатов, что подтверждает целесообразность применения данного алгоритма при планировании имплантологического и ортопедического лечения. Применение металлокерамических ортопедических конструкций и индивидуальных титановых абатментов обеспечивает благоприятный долгосрочный прогноз и при наличии оптимальных условий позволяет достичь хорошего эстетического и функционального результата.
Применение лазера для коррекции подвижной слизистой в комплексном лечении пациентов с использованием систем дентальных имплантатов
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Грищенков А.С.
Published: March 2020

Коррекция уровня прикрепленной/подвижной слизистой в области установленных имплантов для улучшения результатов комплексной реабилитации пациентов с вторичной частичной адентией.
Цель исследования. Выявить клинические особенности применения лазера для коррекции подвижной слизистой на этапах ортопедического лечения частичной адентии несъемными конструкциями зубных протезов с опорой на дентальные имплантаты.
Объекты и методы исследования. В основу клинической части работы положены результаты обследования и лечения 42 пациентов в возрасте 35–54 лет с вторичной частичной адентией. Коррекция уровня прикрепленной/подвижной слизистой в области установленных имплантов проводилась методом отсечения с использованием оптоволокна диаметром 200 мкм, с выходной мощностью 6W в непрерывном режиме.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. На 12–36 месяцах наблюдения, клинически, с использованием фотопротокола, а также по результатам индексной оценки отмечалось отсутствие признаков рецессии, воспаления в маргинальной десне и изменения десневого контура. Уровень прикрепленной / подвижной слизистой оставался неизменным у пациентов обеих групп.
Заключение. Использование лазера на подготовительных этапах ортопедического лечения значительно улучшает функциональные результаты комплексной реабилитации пациентов.
Banana Peels: A Promising Substrate for the Coproduction of Pectinase and Xylanase from Aspergillus fumigatus MS16
Authors: ZEHRA MAHWISH , SYED MUHAMMAD NOMAN , SOHAIL MUHAMMAD
Published: March 2020

Banana peels (BP), an under-utilized waste material, was studied for the production of xylanase and pectinase by Aspergillus fumigates MS16. The factors affecting the co-production of both the enzymes were separately studied for their influence under submerged (Smf) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) of BP. The strain was cultivated in the presence of mineral salt (MS) solution containing BP powder as a sole source of carbon and physical and nutritional factors varied to observe the change in the enzyme titers. The data revealed that the MS-based medium was appropriate for the production of both the enzymes; therefore, in subsequent experiments, the same medium was used. A temperature of 30–35°C was found better for the production of the two enzymes under Smf; however, the titers of pectinase dropped significantly at 40°C. Contrarily, xylanase production was inhibited at 40°C under SSF but not under Smf. Whereas, supplementation of xylan or pectin to BP induced the production of xylanase and pectinase, respectively. Lowering the pH value favored the production of both the enzymes under Smf; however, the production of pectinase improved significantly when a higher concentration of BP (1%) was used compared to the concentration (0.25%) required for the production of xylanase. Interestingly, the enzyme preparation obtained under SSF exhibited optimal activities of both the enzymes at higher temperatures when compared to those obtained under Smf. The data indicated that the physiology of the fungus differed greatly when the cultivation pattern varied from Smf to SSF and, hence, the enzymes produced were characteristically distinct.
High Flocculation of Coal Washing Wastewater Using a Novel Bioflocculant from Isaria cicadae GZU6722
Authors: ZOU XIAO , SUN JIALONG , LI JUAN , JIA YANLONG , XIAO TANGFU , MENG FANLI , WANG MAOSHENG , NING ZENGPING
Published: March 2020

Chanhua (Isaria cicadae) was known as a rare entomogenous fungus with various pharmacological activities since a long time ago in China, which has attracted considerable attention. However, less knowledge was maintained about its products as potential bioflocculants. In this work, a bioflocculant IC-1 produced by Isaria cicadae GZU6722, consisted mainly of protein (4%) and polysaccharides including neutral sugars (52.75%) and galacturonic acid (38.14%), was characterized. It presented high efficiency in flocculating coal washing wastewater, and the flocculating efficiency could reach 91.81% by addition of 24 mg l–1 IC-1 compared to the addition of 60 mg l–1 APAM (anionic polyacrylamide) under the same treatment conditions. The highest flocculating efficiency reached 95.8% in the presence of 2% CaCl2. Compared to APAM, the flocculating efficiency of coal washing wastewater by IC-1 varied little with the increasing dosage. Although the flocs in the APAM-assisted sediment were larger than that in the IC-1-assisted sediment after 1 min of sedimentation, few flocs were still found in the supernatant of both treated samples after 10 min of sedimentation. More interestingly, it was observed under the microscope that the flocs in the IC-1-assisted sediments were more compact than that in the APAM-assisted sediments, suggesting that polymer bridging might take place after IC-1 was added into the coal washing wastewater. The evaluation of costs indicated that the use of IC-1 to treat the coal-washing wastewater may be an economical and feasible way to avoid the extra cost for post-treatment of conventional flocculants.
Isolation and Identification of Chlamydia abortus from Aborted Ewes in Sulaimani Province, Northern Iraq
Authors: ARIF EMAN DHAHIR , SAEED NAHLA MUHAMMAD , RACHID SHWAN KAMAL
Published: March 2020

Abortion in small ruminants is a significant problem in Iraq and causes severe economic losses in sheep farms. Chlamydia abortus causes enzootic abortion in ewes and is associated with reproductive problems in sheep in Sulaimani province – Northern Iraq. During a lambing season in 2017, abortion was widespread among several sheep flocks in different regions of Sulaimani (Kalar, Said Sadiq, and Chamchamal), and C. abortus was one of the causes. Accordingly, we carried out this study to isolate and identify C. abortus in aborted ewes in these regions. We collected 30 samples of aborted fetuses from five herds in which abortions had been observed. The pathogen isolation was done by inoculation into embryonated chicken eggs and conventional PCR was used to identify C. abortus in clinical specimens. C. abortus was identified in one of the 30 aborted fetuses (3.33%) from the Kalar district, and all the remaining 29 samples (96.66%) were found positive to Brucella abortus. The gene ompA encoding the outer membrane protein of C. abortus was sequenced and got the accession number MK643153 in NCBI GenBank. The sequence was named C. abortus strain Sul/2017. Our isolate showed 99.79% homology with Sul/014 (accession No. KY399850) and differed from the latter by two amino acid substitutions at E115K and K259N. The topology of the phylogenetic tree based on the ompA gene showed that the isolate belongs to C. abortus and has a common ancestor with isolates of sheep in Iraq and Tunisia with accession numbers KY399850 and HQ62243, respectively.
Contrastive and Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Bauxite during Shipping
Authors: Wu Jianjun
Published: March 2020

International transport of commodities is one of the most important parts of the shipping industry. Among bulk commodities, solid bulk cargo with potential liquefaction is classified as Group A according to the International Maritime Solid Bulk Code, the accidents of which suffered by carriers have aroused attention. Among the Group A, Bauxite has the similar liquefaction behavior during maritime transportation. It is of great significance to find out the liquefaction characteristics of bauxite to illustrate the accident of bauxite carrier and to prevent the occurrence of new accidents. At first, general properties of bauxite was reviewed. And then the distribution of moisture content was found out according to the statistical data, moreover, other properties of samplings were compared with those of other bauxite, such as saturation, particle distribution, compactness and density. Third work to find out characteristics of bauxite is experimental analysis based on the bench of vibration and the rolling table. Liquefaction behavior under vibration condition and fluidization behavior under rolling environment were found out from the bauxite with moisture content above 8%. These boundary conditions of liquefaction and longitudinal fluidization obtained were helpful to decision-making to confirm the transportability of bauxite and the cargo worthiness of carriers. More importantly, the migration mechanism of bauxite particle and moisture helps manage risk and emergency response during the whole maritime transportation.
THE ISSUE OF THE FORMATION THE INCLUSIVE CULTURE AS AN ELEMENT OF LEGAL CULTURE IN SOCIETY AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Юсупов Рахимьян , Зайнуллин Руслан
Published: March 2020

In recent years, an inclusive educational environment is being created in Russia. It is evaluated by the pedagogical community differently. This means that we are not talking about the unanimity of opinion. This is a multifaceted issue. The article is devoted to the problem of formation an inclusive culture. Inclusive culture is considered as a tool for creating of a tolerant community that stimulates the equal development opportunities for all, and as a basis of educational reform, which determines the orientation of the strategy and practice of inclusive education. The educator’s role in this process is established. The results of sociological studies that provide data on the ratio of supporters and opponents of inclusive education, and data on the patterns in relation to inclusion, due to the age factor, are analyzed. The role of information and analytical infrastructure and open communication space in managing the inclusive culture is noted. Since inclusive culture is an integral part of the legal culture of the state, much attention is paid to the issue about the inadmissibility of legal nihilism in the pedagogical environment.
ADOPTION OF THE RIGHT TO HUMAN DIGNITY IN THE BASIC LAW OF GERMANY
Authors: Демидова Татьяна , Тулупова Елена
Published: March 2020

Human dignity is a legislative value. The norm that adopts the right to respect for human dignity can be considered both as a right directly and as a guarantee mediating the functioning of all branches of state power. The authors analyze the specific features of the interpretation and legislative implementation of this right in the German Basic Law.
JURY TRIALS: AB OVO TO OUR DAYS
Authors: Ежова Елена
Published: March 2020

The paper discusses the need for the jurors’ presence in court these days. The author analyzes the significance of such courts for Russian society both in pre-revolutionary and in the present day Russia.
Validation of Experts to the Module Writing Short Text Based on Character Education in Class XI Students of SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalan Susu
Authors: Liza Wiwita  , Marice  , Wisman Hadi
Published: March 2020

The aim of this research is to validate of experts to the module writing short text base on character education. This research method uses the Research and Development (R&D) method (in Tegeh, et al, 2014: 7) saying that research and development methods are research methods used to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of certain products. The result is Material expert validation on content eligibility assessment is in very valid criteria with an average value of 85%. Feasibility of presentation is very valid criteria with an average value of 90%, and language eligibility is very valid criteria with an average value of 87%.
Work Sheet Development Based on Through Skills Based on High Level of Thematic Learning in 5th grade of Primary School (SD Negeri 040460 Berastagi T.A 2019/2020)
Authors: Serma Ulipa Simbolon  , Khairil Ansari  , Naeklan Simbolon
Published: March 2020

One of the demands of the 2013 curriculum is that learning must be integrated with the training of students' skills in higher-order thinking or HOTS. The ability of HOTS helps students not only know and understand a knowledge but is able to find the connectedness of information knowledge, involves the process of finding the concept of knowledge and applying knowledge to face a number of problems. The research was conducted at SD Negeri 040460 Berastagi in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year with theme 1: Animal and Human Motion Organs with sub theme 2: Human and Environment on Indonesian content. Based on the results of research and discussion, that the validity of the product seen from the design validator with the two validation system obtained very valid results with an average score of 84.61%. Likewise the results of the validators from the material experts who obtained an average score of 88.88 and were declared very valid with a two-time validation system. The conclusion of the linguist stated that the assessment of the design of LKPD language presentation based on high level thinking skills was in the very valid category with an average of 82.95%.
Simulators, driver education and disadvantaged groups: A scoping review
Authors: Bates Lyndel , Larue Grégoire , Filtness Ashleigh , Hawkins Alana
Published: March 2020

This paper examines simulators to deliver driver education programs for two very different populations (a) those who have specific impairments or intellectual disabilities and (b) those who may suffer disadvantage associated with their ethnicity. To do this we addressed two research questions (a) What role, if any, can simulation play as an education and/or training intervention for individuals disadvantaged because of individually-orientated concerns such as intellectual impairment or ADHD? (b) What role, if any, can simulation play as an education and/or training intervention for those who are
disadvantaged because of their indigenous ethnicity? Technological developments have enabled the incorporation of driving simulators into driver education programs. A review of major databases using keywords identified 2,420 records. After duplicates were removed and screening occurred, thirteen studies were included in the review. The disadvantaged populations for the driver education initiatives that incorporated a simulator were very specific (e.g. intellectual disabilities) with no interventions for those disadvantaged because of ethnicity. A second search identified six papers that discussed interventions for indigenous populations. None of these interventions had a simulator component. The review highlights the need for high quality empirical research in the area of simulators, driver education and disadvantaged groups in order to inform policy development within this area. While there are some preliminary results indicating potential benefits, there is limited research evidence for an initiative of this type making it difficult to develop evidence based policy and practice. Therefore, when these types of initiatives are introduced, they need to be evaluated.
Завдання вітчизняної кримінально-правової науки в умовах реформування кримінального законодавства України
Authors: БАУЛІН ЮРІЙ , ТАЦІЙ ВАСИЛЬ
Published: March 2020

У статті висвітлено основні завдання вітчизняної кримінально-правової науки в умовах реформування кримінального законодавства України. Відповідно до Указу Президента України “Питання Комісії з питань правової реформи” у складі цієї комісії утворена робоча група з питань розвитку кримінального права, перед якою поставлено завдання – оновити кримінальне законодавство України. Згідно з цим завданням робоча група опрацьовує три кодекси про відповідальність за публічні правопорушення, а саме: Кримінальний кодекс, Кодекс про проступки і Кодекс про адміністративні порушення. Важливою умовою виконання цього завдання є наукове забезпечення законопроєктної роботи.
Метою статті є формулювання завдань вітчизняної кримінально-правової науки в забезпеченні якісної підготовки зазначених кодексів.
Основні результати дослідження полягають у формулюванні та обґрунтуванні 17 напрямів наукових досліджень для якісного наукового забезпечення підготовки нових кодексів. Серед яких: забезпечення кримінологічної, соціальної та міжнародноправової відповідності нового кримінального законодавства України сучасним викликам злочинності; дослідження проблем відповідності кримінального законодавства вимогам Конституції України; забезпечення відповідності змістовного наповнення кримінально-правових норм потребам демократичного суспільства; забезпечення науковими дослідженнями обґрунтування змін до майбутнього Кримінального кодексу України, пов’язаних із відмовою від положень, які не відповідають вимогам сучасності; створення концепції та її втілення у тексти законів щодо відповідальності за публічні правопорушення; дослідження корупційних ризиків при встановленні та застосуванні кримінального закону; дослідження захисту інтересів потерпілого від злочину; запровадження широкого застосування покарань (стягнень), не пов’язаних з ув’язненням, а саме альтернативних заходів і, перш за все, інституту пробації.
У висновку зазначається, що концентрація зусиль науковців на визначених напрямах наукових досліджень дасть змогу підготувати майбутнє законодавство про відповідальність за публічні правопорушення, яке відповідатиме викликам сучасності.
Кримінально-правова ідеологія і кримінально-правова політика
Authors: ФРІС ПАВЛО
Published: March 2020

Ситуація, що склалася із чинним кримінальним законодавством України, повинна бути визначена не інакше, як кризова. Кількість змін та доповнень до чинного Кримінального кодексу України за 18 років сягнула критичної межі. Водночас слід визнати, що дуже часто ці зміни та доповнення обумов лені вузькоклановими, політичними, кон’юнктурними інтересами, часто є непроду маними, такими, що не тільки не сприяють вирішенню питань боротьби із посяганнями на найважливіші суспільні відносини, блага та інтереси, а й, навпаки, завдають шкоду цій діяльності.
На жаль, за роки існування незалежної Української держави не була створена національна ідея загалом, не сформована національна ідеологія, незважаючи на те, що у 1991 р. відбулася зміна суспільно-економічної формації, яка обумовлювала таку необхідність. Як наслідок, не була сформована національна правова ідеологія і така її складова, як кримінально-правова ідеологія. Тому чинне кримінальне законодавство України зберігає ідеологічні нашарування, які були притаманні кримінальному праву Української Радянської Соціалістичної Республіки, воно залишається великою мірою побудованим на кримінально-правовій ідеології часів існування Радянського Союзу.
Усе це спричинено тим, що в основі сучасної національної кримінально-правової політика немає національної кримінально-правової ідеології та кримінальноправової доктрини і концепції.
Кримінально-правова ідеологія, яка являє собою складову (елемент) правової ідеології загалом, зі свого боку, є елементом кримінально-правової правосвідомості. Вона – комплекс систематизованих, скоординованих кримінально-правових ідей, теорій, концепцій, положень та принципів, що перебувають між собою у відповідному підпорядкуванні і мають на меті формування бажаного для суспільства (окремої соціальної групи) кримінального законодавства, практики його застосування, формування у кримінально-правовій правосвідомості позитивної оцінки кримінально-правової боротьби зі злочинністю, обґрунтованих вимог до її вдосконалення.Кримінально-правова ідеологія – це самостійний політико-правовий феномен, який виконує функцію визначення ролі та меж поширення кримінального права в питанні унормування поведінки членів суспільства в їх підпорядкуванні найважливішим загальновизнаним правилам поведінки, цінностям та інтересам.
Метою статті є розроблення підходів до розуміння кримінально-правової ідеології, її місця в системі правової політики, поняття і місця кримінально-правової доктрини в структурі кримінально-правової ідеології, поняття ідеології кримінальноправової політики та засад формування концепції кримінального законодавства України.
Підстава кримінальної відповідальності потребує законодавчого закріплення
Authors: СТРЕЛЬЦОВ ЄВГЕН , МИРОШНИЧЕНКО НАТАЛІЯ
Published: March 2020

Завдання Кримінального кодексу України (КК України) – правове забезпечення охорони прав і свобод людини та громадянина, власності, громадського порядку та громадської безпеки, довкілля, конституційного устрою України від злочинних посягань, забезпечення миру і безпеки людства, а також запобігання злочинам (ч. 1 ст. 1). Для здійснення цього завдання КК України визначає, які суспільно небезпечні діяння є злочинами та які покарання застосовуються до осіб, що їх вчинили (ч. 2 ст. 1). Відбувається це завдяки притягненню такої особи до кримінальної відповідальності. Підставою кримінальної відповідальності є вчинення особою суспільно небезпечного діяння, яке містить склад злочину, передбаченого КК України (ч. 1 ст. 2). Таким чином, склад злочину (з 1 липня 2020 р. – склад кримінального правопорушення) є одним з основних, якщо не основним інститутом кримінального законодавства, який “запускає” весь механізм реалізації кримінальної відповідальності та втілює виконання завдань кримінального законодавства. Склад злочину, як відомо, включає в себе чотири елементи: об’єкт, об’єктивну сторону, суб’єкт і суб’єктивну сторону, наявність яких потрібно обов’язково встановити у діяннях конкретної особи, щоб визнати їх злочинними. Відсутність хоча б одного з цих елементів у діяннях конкретної особи (у формальному або якісному вигляді) не дає змоги вважати, що в діяннях особи присутній склад злочину, і тим самим неможливо ставити питання про притягнення її до кримінальної відповідальності.Таке принципове значення складу злочину, його визначення, застосування, складнощі, які при цьому виникають, постійно роблять наукові дослідження інституту не тільки актуальними, а й необхідними, що відображається у багатьох дослідженнях українських науковців. Тобто в доктринальному значенні поняття складу злочину, його елементів, ознак тощо мають необхідні наукові напрацювання. Водночас визначення складу злочину та його елементів не мають необхідного рівня законодавчого закріплення. Так, у чинному КК України мають законодавче визначення тільки декілька елементів складу злочину, а загального визначення поняття складу злочину та всіх його елементів немає. У зв’язку з цим у статті досліджується зазначена проблема й обґрунтовуються положення щодо закріплення у КК України складу злочину (з 1 липня 2020 р. – кримінального правопорушення) та його елементів.
Impact of variable physical conditions and future increased aquaculture production on lice infestation pressure and its sustainability in Norway
Authors: Myksvoll MS , Sandvik AD , Johnsen IA , Skarðhamar J , Albretsen J
Published: March 2020

Salmon lice infestation is a challenge for wild post-smolt salmon during migration from their natal river to the sea in several regions of Norway. The traffic-light management system regulates growth in the aquaculture industry, where growth in production (6%) is only allowed if the impact of salmon lice on wild fish can be kept at a minimum and up to 10% mortality of wild salmonids are considered within the sustainability goal. We used a numerical ocean model, combined with an individual-based model for salmon lice, to evaluate the interannual variability in salmon lice concentrations in Production Zone 7, which was granted permission for production growth in 2017. Salmon lice releases were kept constant for 3 yr, while the physical conditions, e.g. wind and ocean circulation, varied. The total area of elevated lice infestations varied between 3.2 and 8.4% of the area within 5 km from the coast, due only to interannual physical variability mainly caused by variable wind patterns. Modeled post-smolts migrating out from the Namsen River (64.5°N, central Norway) towards the open ocean experienced mortality between 5 and 9%. Since Production Zone 7 was granted growth, we have simulated increased production and corresponding increases in lice releases. After 5 to 8 increments of 6% increase in production, the increase in salmon post-smolt mortality was of the same order of magnitude as the interannual variability. Information regarding migration route and time is crucial input to the model calculating post-smolt mortality, and inadequate information can affect the results significantly. These 2 methods (determining area of elevated lice infestations and estimating post-smolt mortality) provide complementary information and should be used in combination when the overall assessment of a production zone is made.
‘Later Flowers for the Bees’: Keats and Pollination
Authors: Comet Noah
Published: March 2020

In this essay I propose that John Keats's bee imagery may have been informed by the idea of insect pollination, an idea that was widely socialised if as yet unorthodox in his time. I locate Keats's clearest expression of such an idea in an 1818 letter, and articulate some of its social, sexual, and political implications. Reading pollination into four of Keats's poems, Isabella, Lamia, and, in a more substantial way, ‘On Fame’ and ‘To Autumn’, I contend that the idea is both enriching to our understanding of his poetry and consistent with the theories he develops in his correspondence.
‘More than mortal fervour’: Patriotism and Democracy in John Thelwall's Epic The Hope of Albion
Authors: Leporati Matthew
Published: March 2020

John Thelwall published extracts from his epic fragment The Hope of Albion (1801) during an unprecedented revival of epic poetry in Britain. The revival saw writers from across the political spectrum promoting various ideas of national identity and examining Britain's developing role as an imperial power. This article positions Thelwall's fragment alongside poems of his contemporaries, including epics by Joseph Cottle and Henry James Pye (both titled Alfred and published in 1800 and 1801). Examining how Thelwall differently revises tropes from classical and Miltonic poems, I argue that he uses the epic genre to explore how the nation could be transformed as an answer to tyranny and oppression. At the same time, formal tensions in the poem suggest the limitations of the very hope that comprises Thelwall's subject.
Poetry and Science: William Wordsworth and his Irish Friends William Rowan Hamilton and Francis Beaufort Edgeworth, c. 1829
Authors: Yen Brandon C.
Published: March 2020

Through hitherto neglected manuscripts at Trinity College Dublin, the Bodleian Library, and the Wordsworth Trust, this paper explores the relationship between William Wordsworth and his Irish friends William Rowan Hamilton and Francis Beaufort Edgeworth around 1829. It details the debates about poetry and science between Hamilton (Professor of Astronomy at Trinity College Dublin and Royal Astronomer of Ireland) and Edgeworth (the novelist Maria Edgeworth's half-brother), in which Wordsworth was embroiled when he visited Ireland in the autumn of 1829. By examining a variety of documents including letters, poems, lectures, and memoirs, a fragment of literary history may be restored and a clearer understanding may be reached of the tensions between poetry and science in Wordsworth's poetry, particularly in The Excursion, and of the Irish provenance of a memorable passage in ‘On the Power of Sound’.
Rare Location and Clinical Presentation of Gout Disease: Distal Ulna Localized Gout Disease and Acute Gout Attack of the Wrist
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Recep , DOĞAN Hüseyin , DUMAN Emek Mert , GUNGOR Bedii
Published: March 2020

Gout is one of the most common inflammatory arthritis in adults. This disorder is caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals insoft tissues and joints because of the hyperuricemia. One of the lower extremity joint especially the first metatarsophalangeal joint is affectedby more than 75% of the gout attacks. In this study, we reported a rare presentation of gout disease, the acute gout attack of the wrist, in awoman, 72 years aged, who has not been diagnosed before. Gout which occurs with the involvement of the wrist is very rare and no other caseswith distal ulna localization have been reported according to our knowledge. We reported the first case of gout disease which started from distalulna. The patient was operated because the symptoms did not recover with conservative treatments.
Effect of a Short Nutritional Training Program on Nutrition Literacy and Food Habits in Adolescents
Authors: KALKAN İndrani , AYDIN Fatma Feyzan
Published: March 2020

Objective: Balanced nutrition is of special importance in adolescence however, eating behaviors may be negatively influenced during this stage due to several factors. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of a nutrition training program on nutrition literacy level and food habits of a group of adolescents.Method: Adolescent Nutritional Literacy Scale (ANLS) and Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) was used to determine the nutrition literacy level and food habits of 200 highschool students in Istanbul between September 2018 and April 2019. Effect of a face to face training, for 8 hrs over 4 weeks on nutrition related topics, were investigated on nutrition literacy level and food habits of the students.Results: Mean age of the students was 15 ± 0,66 years and 57% comprised of females. ANLS and AFHC scores in general, were higher in females, however the difference was statistically significant (p <0,05) only in pre-test scores. The average adolescent nutrition literacy (ANLS) score in males were 3,31 out of 5,0 and remained unchanged after training. In females however, it significantly decreased from 3,56 to 3,44 (p <0,05). Out of 19, AFHC scores decreased significantly from 9,80 to 8,94 in males and 10,03 to 9,34 in females (p <0,05) following training. Conclusion: A short nutritional training was not sufficiently effective in reflecting the positive change in nutrition literacy level and food habits among adolescents. Possible reasons should be investigated in depth and more comprehensive and longer training should be provided to increase nutritional awareness.
Retomando o estruturalismo para interpretar a desigual América Latina no século XXI
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Graziella , Fróes de Borja Reis Cristina
Published: March 2020

Esse ensaio coloca em foco os entraves ao desenvolvimento da América Latina no século XXI, representados por suas diversas formas de desigualdade. Inspiradas pelo novo-estruturalismo, as autoras defendem uma crítica epistemológica na direção da construção de novos métodos e métricas para se compreender e enfrentar a desigualdade na região a partir de seu caráter interseccional.
The Physical and Optical Studies of Crystalline Silica Derived from the Green Synthesis of Coconut Husk Ash
Authors: Anuar Muhammad Fahmi , Fen Yap Wing , Zaid Mohd Hafiz Mohd , Matori Khamirul Amin , Khaidir Rahayu Emilia Mohamed
Published: March 2020

The green synthesis of silica has been extensively explored over the last few decades, as silica compounds found in commercial products can cause negative effects on human health. This calls for alternative ways to produce silica that are safer, cheaper and more environmentally friendly. Some of the agricultural wastes proven to contain silica include rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, coconut shells and coconut husk. This paper describes the synthesis of silica from coconut husk waste, and its physical and optical properties for potential utilization in optical applications. Coconut husk was subjected to fire at 500–700 °C so as to form coconut husk ash (CHA), and was then treated with sulfuric acid to extract silica from the ash. Most of the weight degradation subsequently occurred at temperatures from 221 to 360 °C. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis proved that 91.76% of the silica was obtained, while major peaks on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum were observed after the acid treatment. Chemical bonds such as Si-O-Si, CH2, -OH and Si-OH were found in the spectrum of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the particles displayed rod-like shapes and irregular sizes, but the particle with sizes ranging from 200–750 nm decreased after the acid treatment. The relationship between the absorption coefficient and photon energy was obtained by finding the optical energy gap, which was found to be 4.3 eV. These data points provide critical information when used in optical applications. The overall studies show that synthesized silica has great potential for use in optical field applications.
Key Quality Indicators Prediction for Web Browsing with Embedded Filter Feature Selection
Authors: Xie Su , Li Ke , Xiao Mingming , Zhang Le , Li Wanlin
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the prediction of over-the-top service quality is discussed, which is a promising way for mobile network engineers to tackle service deterioration as early as possible. Currently, traditional mobile network operation often takes appropriate remedial measures, when receiving customers’ complaints about service problems. With the popularity of over-the-top services, this problem has become increasingly serious. Based on the service perception data crowd-sensed from massive smartphones in the mobile network, we first investigated the application of multi-label ReliefF, a well-known method of feature selection, in determining the feature weights of the perception data and propose a unified multi-label ReliefF (UML-ReliefF) algorithm. Then a feature-weighted multi-label k-nearest neighbor (ML-kNN) algorithm is proposed for the key quality indicators (KQI) prediction, by combining the UML-ReliefF and ML-kNN together in the learning. The experimental results for web browsing service show that UML-ReliefF can effectively identify the most influential features of the data and thus, lead to better performance for KQI prediction. The experiments also show that the feature-weighted KQI prediction is superior to its unweighted counterpart, since the former takes full advantage of all the features in the learning. Although there is still much room of improvement in the precision of the prediction, the proposed method is highly potential for network engineers to find the deterioration of service quality promptly and take measures before it is too late.
Sustainable Organic Dyes from Winemaking Lees for Photoelectrochemical Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Meneghetti Manuel , Talon Aldo , Cattaruzza Elti , Celotti Emilio , Bellantuono Elisabetta , Rodríguez-Castellón Enrique , Meneghetti Stefano , Moretti Elisa
Published: March 2020

During the last two decades, Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) have received a great deal of attention as a promising, low-cost alternative to conventional silicon photovoltaic devices. Natural dye molecules can be used as a sensitizer for their low cost, good light absorbance, easy preparation process, and biodegradability. In this study, dyes were obtained from wine lees, the last by-product of winemaking process, supplied by a venetian winery (Italy). Polyphenols, like tannins and anthocyanins, which were extracted from winemaking lees, were adsorbed on a nanostructured ordered mesoporous titanium dioxide, previously treated at different temperatures (400–600 °C). Both dyes and titania semiconductor samples were studied with different techniques. The tests were carried out on prototypes to evaluate the cell power and the photocurrent generated under simulated solar light irradiation. The obtained solar energy conversion efficiencies are comparable to those that were reported in literature by using organic dyes extracted from vegetables, fruits, and plants. It is significant that these dyes are largely available and cost effective, since recovered from a waste otherwise to be disposed of, opening up a perspective of feasibility for inexpensive and environmentally friendly dye solar cells to generate green electricity and transforming agri-food waste into a resource.
Robust Visual Tracking Based on Fusional Multi-Correlation-Filters with a High-Confidence Judgement Mechanism
Authors: Wang Wenbin , Liu Chao , Xu Bo , Li Long , Chen Wei , Tian Yingzhong
Published: March 2020

Visual object trackers based on correlation filters have recently demonstrated substantial robustness to challenging conditions with variations in illumination and motion blur. Nonetheless, the models depend strongly on the spatial layout and are highly sensitive to deformation, scale, and occlusion. As presented and discussed in this paper, the colour attributes are combined due to their complementary characteristics to handle variations in shape well. In addition, a novel approach for robust scale estimation is proposed for mitigatinge the problems caused by fast motion and scale variations. Moreover, feedback from high-confidence tracking results was also utilized to prevent model corruption. The evaluation results for our tracker demonstrate that it performed outstandingly in terms of both precision and accuracy with enhancements of approximately 25% and 49%, respectively, in authoritative benchmarks compared to those for other popular correlation- filter-based trackers. Finally, the proposed tracker has demonstrated strong robustness, which has enabled online object tracking under various scenarios at a real-time frame rate of approximately 65 frames per second (FPS).
Mapping RO-Water Desalination System Powered by Standalone PV System for the Optimum Pressure and Energy Saving
Authors: Bdour Mathhar , Dalala Zakariya , Al-Addous Mohammad , Kharabsheh Atef , Khzouz Hadi
Published: March 2020

Brackish water desalination is widely used to supply fresh water; reverse osmosis (RO) desalination units are considered as the most widespread technology used for this purpose due to the advantage of low power consumption. On the other hand, renewable energy resource integration into the power systems is an important trend, which serves energy supply especially in rural areas and non-stable power supply places. RO units powered from Photovoltaic (PV) systems are considered one of the reliable solutions in places where both water and energy demands are issues to be improved. In this research, the idea of storing energy in water salinity is introduced and discussed to reduce conventional battery storage banks. This concept depends on changing the pressure of the RO unit based on solar profiles to get high distilled water at high solar radiation times (high pressure applied) and low distilled water at low radiation times (low pressure values). Then, the produced water is mixed to get an acceptable salinity in the produced water. This research was applied on a small-scale RO testing unit with a pressure that changed from 40 to 60 bar, and, as a result, the water conductivity changed from 1.7 to 1.1 mS/cm. This was the base line to investigate the possibility of curtailing the battery storage system of the selected plant. Following the variable pressure scenarios, energy storage capacity was reduced by a factor of 20%.
An Adaptive Approach for Multi-National Vehicle License Plate Recognition Using Multi-Level Deep Features and Foreground Polarity Detection Model
Authors: Raza Muhammad Ali , Qi Chun , Asif Muhammad Rizwan , Khan Muhammad Armoghan
Published: March 2020

License plate recognition system (LPR) plays a vital role in intelligent transport systems to build up smart environments. Numerous country specific methods have been proposed successfully for an LPR system, but there is a need to find a generalized solution that is independent of license plate layout. The proposed architecture is comprised of two important LPR stages: (i) License plate character segmentation (LPCS) and (ii) License plate character recognition (LPCR). A foreground polarity detection model is proposed by using a Red-Green-Blue (RGB) channel-based color map in order to segment and recognize the LP characters effectively at both LPCS and LPCR stages respectively. Further, a multi-channel CNN framework with layer aggregation module is proposed to extract deep features, and support vector machine is used to produce target labels. Multi-channel processing with merged features from different-level convolutional layers makes output feature map more expressive. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of achieving high recognition rate for multinational vehicles license plates under various illumination conditions.
Wave-Tracking in the Surf Zone Using Coastal Video Imagery with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Kim Jinah , Kim Jaeil , Kim Taekyung , Huh Dong , Caires Sofia
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we propose a series of procedures for coastal wave-tracking using coastal video imagery with deep neural networks. It consists of three stages: video enhancement, hydrodynamic scene separation and wave-tracking. First, a generative adversarial network, trained using paired raindrop and clean videos, is applied to remove image distortions by raindrops and to restore background information of coastal waves. Next, a hydrodynamic scene of propagated wave information is separated from surrounding environmental information in the enhanced coastal video imagery using a deep autoencoder network. Finally, propagating waves are tracked by registering consecutive images in the quality-enhanced and scene-separated coastal video imagery using a spatial transformer network. The instantaneous wave speed of each individual wave crest and breaker in the video domain is successfully estimated through learning the behavior of transformed and propagated waves in the surf zone using deep neural networks. Since it enables the acquisition of spatio-temporal information of the surf zone though the characterization of wave breakers inclusively wave run-up, we expect that the proposed framework with the deep neural networks leads to improve understanding of nearshore wave dynamics.