bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanosensitive recruitment of stator units promotes binding of the response regulator CheY-P to the flagellar motor
Authors: Antani Jyot , Gupta Rachit , Lee Annie , Rhee Kathy , Manson Michael , Lele Pushkar
Published: August 2021

Reversible switching of the bacterial flagellar motor between clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) rotation is necessary for chemotaxis, which enables cells to swim towards favorable chemical habitats. Increase in the viscous resistance to the rotation of the motor (mechanical load) inhibits switching. However, cells must maintain homeostasis in switching to navigate within environments of different viscosities. The mechanism by which the cell maintains optimal chemotactic function under varying loads is not understood. Here, we show that the flagellar motor allosterically controls the binding affinity of the chemotaxis response regulator, CheY-P, to the flagellar switch complex by modulating the mechanical forces acting on the rotor. Mechanosensitive CheY-P binding compensates for the load-induced loss of switching by precisely adapting the switch response to a mechanical stimulus. The interplay between mechanical forces and CheY-P binding tunes the chemotactic function to match the load. This adaptive response of the chemotaxis output to mechanical stimuli resembles the proprioceptive feedback in the neuromuscular systems of insects and vertebrates.
Trauma and Psychosis: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Perspectives of People with Psychosis
Authors: Campodonico Carolina , Varese Filippo , Berry Katherine
Published: August 2021

Background

Despite experiencing high rates of trauma and trauma-related conditions, people with psychosis are seldomly asked about possible traumatic events. While there are some barriers to discussing trauma in clinical services, research has shown that disclosure is not only possible but also beneficial to both psychotic and traumatic symptoms. The current study is the first to evaluate service users’ perception of the influence of trauma on the development and maintenance of their psychotic symptoms as well as their views on how their life and mental health have been affected by traumatic events and their disclosure (or lack of).
Methods

Eleven participants with experiences of psychosis and trauma took part in semi-structured interviews.
Results

Consistently with previous literature, our participants reported high rates of interpersonal trauma but had rarely had the opportunity to discuss any of these events. Using thematic analysis, we identified three major themes that have important implications for healthcare: factors that facilitate or hinder talking about trauma; consequences of talking or not; and relationship between trauma and psychosis. Participants generally benefited from talking about trauma and concerningly often associated the prolonged lack of opportunities to discuss traumatic events with negative feelings towards the self and with a deterioration of their mental health. Participants also recognised direct links between past traumas and the content and characteristics of their psychotic experiences.
Conclusions

Our findings highlight the importance, as perceived by service users, of discussing trauma and looking at psychosis through a “trauma lens”. These results stress the need to systematically assessing trauma history and traumatic symptoms in psychosis and might potentially help to overcome clinicians’ worries about discussing trauma with service users. Our findings underscore the need to change current practice and implement trauma-informed approaches to understand clients’ difficulties and provide support.
Low Contrast Enhancement Technique for Color Images using Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets with Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization
Authors: Jebadass J Reegan , Balasubramaniam P
Published: August 2021

This work introduces a program to enhance images taken in low light. Fuzzy set theory is creating a significant shift in image processing. Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFS) based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets constructed from fuzzy sets are used to enhance images taken in low light. In the proposed method, first the given low light image is fuzzified by normal fuzzification. Then the fuzzified image is converted to an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy image. This image will be proposed enhanced image after applying the contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE). The experimental results reveal that the proposed method gives better results when compared with other existing methods like histogram equalization (HE), CLAHE, brightness preserving dynamic fuzzy histogram equalization (BPDFHE), histogram specification approach (HSA). Based on the performance analysis like entropy and correlation coefficient (CC), the proposed method gives better results.Mathematics Subject Classification (2010) 68U10 · 94D05
Right Out of The Gate: The Genomics of Lessepsian Invaders in The Vicinity of The Suez Canal
Authors: Azzurro Ernesto , Nourigat Mathilde , Cohn Francesca , Souissi Jamila Ben , Bernardi Giacomo
Published: August 2021

Lessepsian fishes, entering the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, have showed so far little genetic structure, but notable exceptions suggest the importance of life-history factors that may influence their patterns of spatial genetic variation. In this study, by sampling two invasive fishes with different life histories (the rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus and the filefish Stephanolepis diaspros ), we looked at evidence of population structure and selection at the boundary between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean (the Suez Canal), using thousands of molecular markers. Results illustrate two divergent patterns of genetic patterns, with little genetic structure in S. rivulatus and strong population structure in S. diaspros, even at such small spatial scale. We discuss differences in ecological characteristics between the two species to account for such differences. In addition, we report that in the face of both high ( S. rivulatus ) and low ( S. diaspros ) gene flow, loci under selection were uncovered, and some protein coding genes were identified as being involved with osmoregulation, which seems to be an important feature of individuals crossing the salinity-variable Suez Canal. The presence of genes under selection in populations near the Suez Canal supports the idea that selection may be active and essential for successful invasions right out of the gate.
"Living in Hell": Experiences of Iranian Families Living with Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Molavi Parviz , Sadeghieh-Ahary Saeid , Rezaeian Mohsen , Taghizadeh Elmira , Nasiri Elhameh , Karimollahi Mansoureh
Published: August 2021

Background: In addition to bearing on the patients and public, schizophrenia has a tremendous impact on families and caregivers. Its negative consequence has been studied as a burden. In this study, by doing qualitative analysis, we examined the experiences of Iranian families within the Ardabil, Iran, living with patients with schizophrenia. Method: This research was a qualitative study, and data collection was done through an in-depth, unstructured interview. Twenty family members of patients with schizophrenia were interviewed, and data were analyzed by the conventional qualitative content analysis. Results: The major themes of the interviews were classified into 3-level codes. Six subthemes were found in the experiences of patients with schizophrenia families, namely stigma, sense of shame, isolation, need for support, and lack of awareness, and poor quality of life, which were combined and classified into one main category named "living in hell".Conclusions: The findings showed that schizophrenia has an impressive negative effect on the families' welfare; thus, it highlights the necessity to provide interventions to help them adapt to this disorder. The results also highlight that caring is more demanding for families of long-term disease patients.
Current Status and Risk Factors of Complications Associated with Central Venous Catheterization in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Li JingMei , Zhang JiaFei , Feng Bo , Wang ChunHui , Wang MeiLing
Published: August 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate incidence and influencing factors of complications related to central venous catheters (CVCs) in the Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Xi'an Children's Hospital.Methods: We analyzed the complications of all children that had CVCs and were hospitalized between June 2020 to February 2021. A total of 334 CVCs were inserted in 310 children.Results: We noted 102 (30.54%) CVCs-related complications. Complications related to CVCs insertion were infection of catheter (13.17%) and malposition of catheter (8.38%), occlusion of CVCs (2.99%), accidental removal (0.6%), puncture site exudate (4.79%), central venous thrombosis (0.6%). Infection mainly due to Staphylococcus epidermidis. 88 cases (24.55%) of CVCs were extubated due to complications. Analysis of the frequency of maintenance-related complications except for center vein thrombosis showed no differences between the jugular, femoral and subclavian vein access (P > 0.05). It was found that the duration of the catheterization use was critical for the occurrence of CVCs-related infections, puncture site exudate, occlusion (P < 0.05). Suture-off, bleeding of insertion site, and the maximum channels of intravenous infusion in patients were dominant risk factors of catheter-related complications. Conclusion: The risk factors of complications during catheter indwelling are suture-off, bleeding of insertion site and the maximum channels of intravenous infusion in patients. Therefore, strict aseptic operation in various operations, control of the infusion channel, effective fixation of the central venous catheter, reduce the malposition and pull of the catheter, and reduce the infiltration of blood at the puncture point, are particularly important to prevent the complications related to the central venous catheter.
Profiling the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network in the Submandibular Gland of Diabetic Mice
Authors: Shi Xijin , Liu Huimin , Li Li , Zhang Yan , Cong Xin , Liu Limei , Wu Li-Liing , Xiang Ruo-lan
Published: August 2021

Background: Hyposalivation is one of the common symptoms of diabetes. Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been reported to play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes, the role of lncRNAs in diabetes-induced hyposalivation remains unknown. Methods: The present study aimed to explore the function of lncRNA-microRNA-mRNA regulatory network in the submandibular gland (SMGs) under the context of diabetes. LncRNA expression profile of the SMGs was analyzed using microarray technology. Differentially expressed lncRNAs were confirmed using real-time quantitative PCR. Bioinformatics analyses were performed, and Coding-non-coding gene co-expression (CNC) and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed to explore the potential mechanisms of diabetes-induced hyposalivation. Results: A total of 1,273 differentially expressed lncRNAs (536 up-regulated and 737 downregulated) were identified in the SMGs tissues of db/db mice. CNC and ceRNA network analyses were performed based on five differentially expressed lncRNAs validated by real-time quantitative PCR. Gene Ontology analysis of target genes of CNC network revealed that “calcium ion binding” was a highly enriched molecular function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of target genes of ceRNA network revealed that the “mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway” was significantly enriched. Conclusions: On the whole, the findings of the present study may provide insight into the possible mechanism of diabetes-induced hyposalivation.
A Two Vector Data-Prediction Model for Energy-Efficient Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Jain Khushboo , Singh Akansha
Published: August 2021

Most ecological management applications use Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to collect data regularly, with great temporal redundancy. As a result, a significant amount of energy is used transmitting redundant data, making it tremendously problematic to attain a satisfactory network lifetime, which is a bottleneck in enduring such environmental monitoring applications. A two-vector prediction model based on Normalized Quantile Regression (NQR) for Data Aggregation is proposed to proficiently accomplish energy reduction in synchronized data collecting cycles. The introduced NQR algorithm provides high-accuracy prediction. With accurate estimates, energy usage is reduced.Furthermore, it extends the network's lifetime. In intracluster transmissions, NQR uses a two-vector data-prediction algorithm to coordinate the anticipated sensor's reading and, as a result, minimize cumulative inefficiencies from unin-terrupted predictions. NQR algorithm can be integrated with both homogeneous and heterogeneous WSNs. When compared to existing methods, the suggested NQR methodology is shown to have high energy efficiency.The results show greater prediction accuracy, more positive predictions with high data quality, which help the network last longer.
Testing The Efficacy of a Couple-Focused, Tailored eHealth Intervention for Symptom Self-Management Among Men with Prostate Cancer and Their Partners: The Study Protocol
Authors: Song Lixin , Nielsen Matthew E. , Chen Ronald C. , Rini Christine , Keyserling Thomas C. , Idiagbonya Eno , Fuller Gail P. , Northouse Laurel , Palmer Mary H. , Tan Xianming
Published: August 2021

Background: Men with localized prostate cancer often experience urinary, sexual, bowel, and hormonal symptoms, general distress, pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. For men in an intimate relationship, these symptoms disrupt couples’ relationships and intimacy. The symptoms also reduce quality of life of both men and their partners, who are often their primary caregivers. Management of the negative effects of cancer and its treatment is a significantly under-addressed supportive care need for these men and their intimate partners. To address these unmet supportive care needs, our interdisciplinary team developed and pilot tested the usability and feasibility of an evidence-based, couple-focused, tailored eHealth intervention, “Prostate Cancer Education & Resources for Couples” (PERC). Based on the adapted stress and coping theoretical framework and developed with stakeholder involvement, PERC aims to improve quality of life for both men and their partners by enhancing their positive appraisals, self-efficacy, social support, and healthy behaviors for symptom management.Methods: We will test the efficacy of PERC using a population-based, geographically and demographically diverse cohort in a randomized controlled trial. Primary Aim: Assess if patients and partners receiving PERC will report greater improvement in their cancer-related quality of life scores than those in the control group (usual care plus the National Cancer Institute prostate cancer website) at 4, 8, and 12 months post-baseline. Secondary Aim: Test if patients and partners in PERC will report significantly more positive appraisals and higher levels of coping resources at follow-ups than those in the control group. Exploratory Aim: Determine if patient race and ethnicity, education, type of treatment, or couples’ relationship quality moderate the effects of PERC on patient and partner QOL at follow-ups..Discussion: This study will provide a novel model for self-managing chronic illness symptoms that impact couples’ relationships, intimacy, and quality of life. It addresses the National Institute of Nursing Research’s goal to develop and test new strategies for symptom self-management to help patients and caregivers better manage their illness and improve quality of life. It also responds to calls for programs from the Institute of Medicine and American Cancer Society to address treatment-related effects and improve survivors’ QOL..Trial registration: CT.gov ID: NCT03489057
Expression and Significance of miR-654-3p/ARL4C in Patients with Glioma
Authors: Gao Hua , Zhongjin Yang , Zhenye Li , Zhenzong Li
Published: August 2021

Background: ADP-ribosylation-like factor4C (ARL4C) is overexpressed in several cancer tissues and is involved in cancer development. Increasing evidence reveals that aberrant microRNAs (miRNAs) expression play a crucial role in the tumorigenesis of cancers. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism that regulates ARL4C expression in glioma has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate expression and significance of miR-654-3p/ARL4C in glioma.Methods: CGGA and TCGA databases were used to study the prognosis role of miR-654-3p, ARL4C and the relationship between ARL4C and pathological grade in gliomas. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to detect the levels of miR-654-3p and ARL4C in glioma tissues. CCK-8 and colony formation experiments were used to observe the effects of miR-654-3p and ARL4C on the proliferation of U87 cells.Results: CGGA database and TCGA database both showed that the level of ARL4C was increased along with the WHO grades of glioma, and patients with high ARL4C had lower IDH mutation ratio, older age and poor overall survival (OS) compared with patients with low ARL4C. The clinical features in patients with high miR-654-3p showed the opposite trend compared with patients with high ARL4C. In vitro experiments showed that overexpression of ARL4C promoted cell proliferation in U87 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays showed that ARL4C was the target gene of miR-654-3p, and miR-654-3p mimics could inhibit the cell proliferation of U87 cells, and ARL4C partly counteracted the role of miR-654-3p in U87 cells.Conclusions: miR-654-3p/ARL4C is associated with pathological grade of glioma, and patients with high ARL4C or low miR-654-3p have shorter OS. miR-654-3p/ARL4C may serve as a prognostic factor in patients with glioma and new potential therapeutic target.
Modeling and Research of the Deformation Treatment Process of 585 Gold Fineness Alloys for Obtaining Wire for Jewelry Purpose
Authors: Sidelnikov Sergey Borisovich , Ditkovskaia Yuliia Dmitrievna , Lopatina Ekaterina Sergeevna , Voroshilov Denis Sergeevich , Lebedeva Olga Sergeevna , Konstantinov Igor Lazarevich , Galiev Roman Ilsurovich , Mansurov Yulbarskhon Nabievich , Ber Vladimir Ivanovich , Rudnitskiy Edvard Anatolyevich , Lopatin Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2021

The results of studies of the process of obtaining wire for the manufacture of jewelry chains from new nickel-free 585 gold fineness alloys are presented.New 585 gold fineness alloys, alloyed with palladium, silver and other elements, and as modifiers - with rhodium and ruthenium in the stated quantities have been proposed.By modeling the process of section rolling of rods in octagonal calibers using the variation method of minimum total power, the broadening of the metal and the energy-power parameters of rolling rods from the investigated alloys have been determined. The regularities of their change have been found. Software has been developed for designing processes for the production of longish deformed semi-finished products and technological modes of rolling and drawing of new gold alloys.With the help of experimental studies, the adequacy of the results of calculations and modeling was checked and new data were obtained on the mechanical properties of the metal and its structure.It has been found that the proposed alloys and the modes of their processing using the processes of section rolling and drawing make it possible in industrial conditions to obtain jewelry wire with a diameter of up to 0.25 mm with the level of mechanical and operational properties required for chain tying.
Validation of a Back Pain Severity Prediction Algorithm: A Cross-Sectional Study with Updated Healthcare Costs for Back Pain Patients Based on the Graded Chronic Pain Scale
Authors: Hochheim Martin , Ramm Philipp , Wunderlich Max , Amelung Volker
Published: August 2021

Background: Treatment of chronic lower back pain (CLBP) should be stratified for best medical and economic outcome. To improve targeting of potential participants for exclusive therapy offers by payers, Freytag et al. developed an algorithm to identify back pain chronicity classes (CC) based on claims data. The aim of this study was the external validation of the algorithm, as this was previously lacking.Methods: Administrative claims data and self-reported patient information of 3,506 participants of a health management programme of a private health insurance in Germany were used to validate the algorithm. Sensitivity, specificity and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) were computed comparing the prediction with actual grades based on von Korff’s Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS). Secondary outcome was an updated view on direct health care costs (€) of back pain (BP) patients grouped by GCPS.Results: Results showed a fair correlation between predicted CC and actual GCPS grades. A total of 69.7 % of all cases were classified correctly. Sensitivity and specificity rates of 54.6 % and 76.4 % underlined the accuracy. Correlation between CC and GCPS with an MCC of 0.304 also indicated a fair relationship between prediction and observation. Cost data could be clearly grouped by GCPS: the higher the grade, the higher the costs and health care usage.Conclusions: This was the first study to compare the predicted BP severity using claims data with actual BP severity by GCPS. Based on the results, the usage of the CC as a single tool to determine who receives treatment of CLBP cannot be recommended. The CC is a good tool to segment candidates for BP specific types of intervention. However, it cannot replace a medical screening at the beginning of an intervention as the rate of false negatives is too high. Trial registration: The study was conducted using routinely collected data from an intervention, which was evaluated and registered previously at the German Clinical Trials Register under DRKS00015463 retrospectively (4 Sept 2018). The informed consent and the self-reported questionnaire have remained unchanged since the study and are therefore still valid in accordance with the ethics proposal.
The Application of Hydrogel in Agriculture for Reducing High Pumping of Irrigation Water in Algeria
Authors: Boutalbi Abdelhakim , NILI Mohammed seghir
Published: August 2021

The application of hydrogel in agriculture has gained a wide interest in the last decades due to the great benefits that it has provided to this sector. In Algeria, agriculture suffers from two main issues: water shortage and climate change, especially in the south of the country (Sahara), which is classified within the arid and semi-arid regions, where irrigation is based exclusively on groundwater. This paper presents an experiment of hydrogel application in agricultural soil for reducing overexploitation of groundwater used for irrigation. Hydrogels are super absorbent polymers. They are biodegradable and have the ability to absorb and retain a large amount of water. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of hydrogel on the efficiency of soil moisture retention through treating sandy soil with different doses of hydrogel. The results indicate that the application of hydrogel can increase the water retaining capacity of sandy soil up to 40%.
Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Primary Hypertension and the Underlying Mechanism of Gut Microbiome Restoration: Protocol of a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Fan Luyun , Ren Jie , Chen Youren , Wang Yang , Guo Zihong , Bu Peili , Yang Jinfeng , Ma Wenjun , Zhu Bingpo , Zhao Yanyan , Cai Jun
Published: August 2021

BackgroundHypertension is in current the leading modifiable cause of global morbidity and mortality, contributing to substantial health and financial burdens. Although multiple explorations on management models and innovative therapeutic strategies of hypertension, vacancy still occur in the field with poor control rate reflected and lacking of novel, effectively clinical-translated medication or intervention options. Recent animal and human studies repeatedly confirmed a link between microbiota and hypertension. Of note is our previous study establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between gut microbiota and blood pressure elevation. A hypothesis of gut microbiota intervention on treating hypertension is thus postulated with fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) from healthy donors performed. MethodsA multi-center, central randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial is performed in 120 grade 1 hypertensive patients for overall three months. All recruited patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into orally-taken FMT capsules or placebo capsules with three interventions on day 1, day 7 and day 14 in separate, and followed up on day 30, day 60 and day 90. The primary outcome is the change for office systolic blood pressure from baseline to day 30 follow-up. Main secondary outcomes are BP indicators including changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from office, home, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, assessments of ankle-branchial index and pulse wave velocity, profiling of fecal microbial composition and function, profiling of fecal and serum metabolome, changes in levels of blood glucose, blood lipids and body mass index, assessment of adverse events as a measure of safety. DiscussionStretching from our previous research on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of hypertension, this study serves as a clinical translation advancement and firstly explores the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation on treating hypertension. Underlying mechanisms particularly on anchoring specific microorganisms or their postbiotics contributing to blood pressure amelioration will also be investigated via multiple approaches such as metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic profiling.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04406129, registried on May 28th, 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04406129
New Aspects of Radiotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Biomarker: Radio Sensitivity Response to Acute Ionizing Radiation Induces Cell Characteristic Reprogramming and Enhanced Cytokine Release of In Vitro Activated Macrophage Cell Line (RAW 264.7)
Authors: Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Zahra , Zafari Jaber , Jouni Fatemeh Javani , Abbasinia Hossein , Abbasifard Mitra
Published: August 2021

The response of biological systems to various types of radiations have many ambiguous dimensions. Among ionizing radiations, in vitro external gamma radiation therapy has mostly studied as model to declare the biological system challenges with radiation effects. Cell/organism exposure to gamma radiation, caused cascade of ionization events such as severe irreversible biological damages. However, the biological responses and oxidative stress related mechanisms under acute radiation conditions poorly understood in inflammatory systems. Following study tried to give a model about ionizing radiation effect on the macrophage that had a key role in inflammation mechanisms; to evaluate the impact of radiotherapy approach for inflammatory disease as rheumatoid arthritis. To this aim, Macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) culture, exposed to different doses of gamma radiation (0,4, 6, 8, 10 Gy). Cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration; NO and PGE2 production; expression of pro-inflammatory and apoptotic genes and cytokine secretion of macrophages was also evaluated.The results showed that gamma treatment, at 4 Gy radiation, have slight effect on macrophage characteristics and cytokine secretion pattern. Versus, higher doses (8 and 10 Gy) increased DNA damage, expression of apoptotic genes and secretion of NO and PGE2 cytokines. 6 Gy radiation, the maximum radiation dose, show moderate nondestructive effects and inflammation process modulation. In this study, doses higher than 6 Gy of Gamma radiation caused cell mortality. It seems that 6 Gy Gamma radiation modulate the inflammatory cascade caused by macrophage cell, as a central core of autoimmune inflammatory disease in acute dose radiation therapy.
Diagnostic Value of Nanopia® KL-6 in Chinese Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease: A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Guo Bingpeng , Han Qian , Wang Wenjie , Zhang Ziyi , Sun Baoqing , Kang Jian , Zhao Yabin , Xu Zuojun , Huang Hui , Zhong Nanshan , Luo Qun
Published: August 2021

Background: Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) is considered a sensitive biomarker for diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD). We aimed to evaluate the diagnosis value of Nanopia® KL-6 (SEKISUI MEDICAL CO., LTD., Tokyo, Japan) in a Chinese cohort of patients with ILD.Methods: Totally 451 patients were enrolled in our multicenter study, including 166 (36.8%) ILD patients, 210 (46.6%) non-ILD patients and 75 (16.6%) health controls. All ILD patients underwent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) followed by pulmonary function test (PFT). Serum KL-6 concentrations were measured by latex particle enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (LTIA).Results: KL-6 serum concentrations were significantly higher in ILD patients (911 U/ml, IQR 477-1790) than in non-ILD patients (225 U/ml, IQR 166-323) and health controls (196 U/ml, IQR 153-230, p<0.0001). Serum KL-6 higher than 435.5 U/ml appeared as the optimal cut-off value associated with ILD. KL-6 concentrations were inversely correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (rho=-0.515, p<0.001), total lung capacity (TLC) (rho=-0.563, p<0.001) and diffuse lung capacity of carbon monoxide (DLco) (rho=-0.544, p<0.001). ILD patients with more severe characteristics of HRCT including ground glass opacity, reticular pattern or honeycombing had significantly higher serum KL-6 levels. In the subgroup of ILD patients, serum KL-6 concentrations were higher in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) patients (1024U/ml, IQR 697-2112.25) than in other ILD patients (743U/ml, IQR 702.75-2058.25, p<10-4). ILD and retained smoking were independent factors associated with higher KL-6 levels in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our study confirms that KL-6 is a credible biomarker for the diagnosis of ILD in a Chinese cohort of patients. High serum KL-6 concentration should call attention to physicians to assess ILD with HRCT and PFT.
The Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Mammary Neoplasms with Malignant Mesenchymal Components in Female Dogs
Authors: Prates Klaus Scherer , Oliveira Priscilla Lucas , Bueno Thaís Silveira , Damasceno Karine Araújo , Driemeier David , Sonne Luciana , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti , Rodrigues Angélica Cavalheiro Bertagnolli
Published: August 2021

Mammary neoplasms with malignant mesenchymal components are not common in female dogs, and they are poorly understood. As such, this study aimed to describe the clinical presentation, histological findings, and the COX-2 immunohistochemical expression of mammary neoplasms in female dogs with malignant mesenchymal components, as well as verify the relationships between the different neoplasm types and these aspects. We selected 41 female mammary neoplasms (23 carcinosarcomas, 16 sarcomas, and 2 sarcomas in mixed tumors). Medical records were reviewed to obtain clinical data. Subsequently, histological slides were analysed to establish histological parameters, and immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of COX-2 receptors. Carcinosarcomas and sarcomas developed as large tumours, mainly in the abdominal and inguinal mammary glands, with frequent intratumoral necrosis and a low frequency of nodal metastasis. Fifty-eight percent of the cases of malignant mesenchymal proliferation were identified as osteosarcomatous, and 24.5% chondrosarcomatous and fibrosarcomastous each. The osteosarcomatous pattern was the most predominant type in sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, and was the only one that resulted in vascular invasion, regional lymph node metastases, and higher histologic grades. High COX-2 expression was detected in 10% of the carcinosarcomas and 25% of the sarcomas. In conclusion, sarcomas and carcinosarcomas showed similar results regarding the clinical and pathological aspects. Discovering carcinosarcomas and sarcomas with high COX-2 expression suggests that, in some cases, these neoplasms may respond to therapy with COX-2 inhibitors.
Strain and Electric Field Modulated Indirect to Direct Band Transition of Monolayer GaInS2
Authors: Betal Atanu , Bera Jayanta , Sahu Satyajit
Published: August 2021

Strain and electric field dependent electronic and optical properties have been calculated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) for GaInS2 monolayer. GaInS2 monolayer shows an indirect band gap of 1.79 eV where valance band maxima (VBM) and conduction band maxima (CBM) rest between K and Γ point and at Γ point, respectively. Under a particular tensile strain (8%), a phase change from semiconductor to semimetal has been noticed. While at 4% compressive strain, the material changes from indirect to direct band gap of 2.22 eV having VBM and CBM at Γ point. With further increase in compressive strain, CBM shifted from Γ to M point, which leads to an indirect band gap again. The electric field also affects the band structure of monolayer GaInS2 and shows the transition between indirect to direct band gap at positive electric field of 4 V/nm, which acts normal to the surface. The strain-dependent optical properties are also calculated, which suggests that the absorption coefficient increases with compressive strain.
The Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Education Level, Oral and Dental Health Practices, Dietary Habits and Anthropometric Measurements on Dental Health in 12-Year-Old School Children
Authors: CEYLAN Jiyan ASLAN , ASLAN YUSUF , OZCELİK AYSE OZFER
Published: August 2021

Background

Dental caries is the most common progressive chronic disease in school-age children with an increasing prevalence as children grow up. This study aims to examine the effects of socioeconomic status, parental education level, oral and dental health practices, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements on dental health in 12-year-old schoolchildren.
Methods

The sample of the study consisted of 254 children (44.1% boys and 55.9% girls) in three schools, which were identified as low, moderate and high socioeconomic status.
Results

It was found that 70.9% of the children have dental caries on their permanent teeth. The frequency of seeing a dentist, the status of receiving oral and dental health education and the frequency of changing toothbrush vary according to the socioeconomic status. Oral and dental health indicators were determined to be affected by the frequency and duration of tooth brushing. It was found that dmft values of the children consuming molasses and table sugar are higher. There is a negative correlation between oral and dental health indicators and anthropometric measurements and parental education level.
Conclusions

Dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, oral and dental health practices, gender, and parental socioeconomic status and education level were shown to be effective on caries risk.
An Exotic IWD - SVR Based Approach for Failure Prognostication in Cloud-Based Scientific Workflows
Authors: S Sridevi , Katiravan Jeevaa Katiravan Jeevaa
Published: August 2021

Scientific workflows deserve the emerging attention in sophisticated large-scale scientific problem-solving environments. Though a single task failure occurs in workflow based applications, due to its task dependency nature the reliability of the overall system will be affected drastically. Hence rather than reactive fault tolerant approaches, proactive measures are vital in scientific workflows. This work puts forth an attempt to concentrate on the exploration issue of structuring an Exotic Intelligent Water Drops - Support Vector Regression-based approach for task failure prognostication which facilitates proactive fault tolerance in scientific workflow applications. The failure prediction models in this study have been implemented through SVR-based machine learning approaches and its precision accuracy is optimized by IWDA and various performance metrics were evaluated. The experimental results prove that the proposed approach performs better compared with the other existing techniques.
Effect of Varying Repositioning Frequency on Prevention of Pressure Injuries in Nursing Home Residents: TEAM‐UP Cluster‐Randomized Clinical Trial Results
Authors: Yap Tracey L. , Horn Susan D. , Sharkey Phoebe D. , Zheng Tianyu , Bergstrom Nancy , Colon-Emeric Cathleen , Sabol Valerie K. , Alderden Jenny , Yap Winston Y , Kennerly Susan M.
Published: August 2021

Background: Pressure injuries (PrIs) cause pain and infection, lengthen institutional care, raise healthcare costs, and hasten death in nursing home (NH) residents. Repositioning residents to offload pressure on tissues is the most common prevention strategy, yetthe optimal interval remains uncertain.Objective: Investigate clinical effectiveness of three nursing-home-wide repositioning intervals (2-,3-, or 4-hours) without compromising PrI incidence in four weeks in adult nursing home residents.Design, Setting, and Participants: Anembedded pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 9 NHs from a large proprietary system located in 34 states. Each NH was randomly assigned to one of three NH-wide repositioning interval Arms (every 2, 3, or 4 hours). Data were provided for 12-month Baseline and 4-week Intervention during the Turn Everyone And Move for Ulcer Prevention (TEAM-UP) study. Intervention residents were without current PrIs, had PrIrisk (Braden Score) ≥10 (low, mild, moderate, or high risk; not severe risk), and used viable 7” high-density foam mattresses.Methods: Each Arm included three NHs with assigned single repositioning interval as standard care during the 4-week Intervention. Mandatory staff education sessions were provided.A wireless patient monitoring system, using wearable single-use patient sensors, cued staff by displaying resident repositioning need on conveniently placed monitors.Primary outcome was PrI incidence; secondary outcome was staff repositioning compliance fidelity.Results: Eleven hundred residents from 9 NHs were fitted with sensors; 108 of these were ineligible for some analyses due to missing Baseline data. Effective sample size included 992 residents (mean age 78 years [SD13]; 63% female). Pressure injury incidence during the Intervention was 0.0% compared to 5.24% in Baseline, even though Intervention resident clinical risk scores were significantlyhigher (p<0.001). Repositioning compliance for 4-hour repositioning interval (95%) was significantly better than 2- (80%) or 3- (90%) hours (p<.001).Conclusions: This study contributes to understanding alternativerepositioning intervalssuggestingcurrent 2-hour protocolscan be relaxed for many without compromising PrI development. Causal link was not established between three repositioning interval treatments and primary outcome—PrIs; however, no new PrIs developed. Cueing staff may benefit repositioningimplementation; compliance improved as repositioning interval lengthened.Trial Registration: (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02996331).Date: 16/05/2017
Overweight Effects on Metabolic Rate, Chronic Diseases, Time Perception, Aging, and Lifespan: a Systematic Review
Authors: Oshakbayev Kuat , Bedelbayeva Gulnara , Gazaliyeva Meruyert , Dukenbayeva Bibazhar , Tordai Attila , Sabir Abdul Rakhimi
Published: August 2021

Background: The hypothesis that metabolic rate is inversely correlated with lifespan has long been debating. Another area of controversy is an evidence of a relationship between metabolic rate and time perception, and aging. Aim: to study the impact of overweight and food intake on metabolic rate, time-flow perception, chronic diseases, aging, lifespan; difficulties in weight loss.Methods: Design: a systematic review. Setting and Participants: Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Kopernio, PubMed, Mendeley were searched for articles published from January 1979 until March 2020. The study bases on a viewpoint supported by a systematic literature review of 3612 articles published worldwide.Results: In total, 107 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. From them, 25 articles were excluded with reasons. Overweight and food intake are the main causes of accelerating metabolic rate. By age, the body should less calorie intake due to decreasing metabolic rate. Body capability to gain weight is integral indicator of body energy reserve that depletes after weight gain. Increased metabolic rate creates a delayed time-flow perception and accelerates aging. Metabolic rate and lifespan are inversely correlated. Weight loss is a good tool to delay aging and increase lifespan. Very-low-calorie diets and to manage metabolic intoxication should use at weight loss.Conclusions: The findings support overweight with overeating increases metabolic rate that in turn delays time-flow perception, increases disease, accelerates aging, limits lifespan. For weight loss has to manage a very-low-calorie diet.
ARPVP: Attack Resilient Position-Based VANET Protocol Using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Maranur Jyoti , Mathapati Basavaraj
Published: August 2021

The position-based routing of Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) vulnerable to various security attacks because of dependency on computing, control, and communication technologies. The Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled VANET application leads to the challenges such as integrity, access control, availability, privacy protection, non-repudiation, and confidentiality. Several security solutions have been introduced for two decades in two categories as cryptography-based and trust-based. Due to the high computation complexity, cryptography-based solutions are outperformed by recent intelligent trust-based mechanisms. The trust-based techniques are lightweight and effective against the well-known security threats in VANET. The objective of this paper has to design a novel position-based routing in which the conduct of vehicles assessed to accomplish reliable VANET communications. Attack Resilient Position-based VANET Protocol (ARPVP) proposed to detect and prevent malicious vehicles in the network using the trust evaluation technique and artificial intelligence (AI). In the first phase of ARPVP, the periodic self-trust assessment algorithm has designed using various trust parameters to detect unreliable vehicles in the network. In the second phase of ARPVP, the position-based route formation algorithm has designed using the AI technique Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). ACO solves the problem of reliable route formation by neglecting the attacker's using a trust-based fitness function. The trust parameters of each vehicle as mobility, buffer occupancy, and link quality parameters had measured in both phases of ARPVP. Simulation outcomes of the proposed model outperformed state-of-art protocols in terms of average throughput, communication delay, overhead, and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR).
Dosimetric Impact of Deep Learning-Based CT Auto-Segmentation on IMRT Treatment Planning for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kawula Maria , Purice Dinu , Li Minglun , Vivar Gerome , Ahmadi Seyed-Ahmad , Parodi Katia , Belka Claus , Landry Guillaume , Kurz Christopher
Published: August 2021

Background The evaluation of the automatic segmentation algorithms is commonly performed using geometric metrics, yet an evaluation based on dosimetric parameters might be more relevant in clinical practice but is still lacking in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of state-of-the-art 3D U-Net-generated organ delineations on dose optimization in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate patients for the first time. Methods A database of 69 computed tomography (CT) images with prostate, bladder, and rectum delineations was used for single-label 3D U-Net training with dice similarity coefficient (DSC)-based loss. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans have been generated for both manual and automatic segmentations with the same optimization settings. These were chosen to give consistent plans when applying perturbations to the manual segmentations. Contours were evaluated in terms of DSC, average and 95% Hausdorff distance (HD). Dose distributions were evaluated with the manual segmentation as reference using dose volume histogram (DVH) parameters and a 3%/3mm gamma-criterion with 10% dose cut-off. A Pearson correlation coefficient between DSC and dosimetric metrics, gamma index and DVH parameters, has been calculated. Results 3D U-Net based segmentation achieved a DSC of 0.87(0.03) for prostate, 0.97(0.01) for bladder and 0.89(0.04) for rectum. The mean and 95% HD were below 1.6(0.4) and below 5(4) mm, respectively. The DVH parameters V 60/65/70 Gy for the bladder and V 50/65/70 Gy for the rectum showed agreement between dose distributions within ±5% and ±2%, respectively. The DVH parameters for prostate and prostate+3mm margin (surrogate clinical target volume) showed good target coverage for the 3D U-Net segmentation with the exception of one case. The average gamma pass-rate was 85\%. A comparison between geometric and dosimetric metrics showed no strong statistically significant correlation between these metrics. Conclusions The 3D U-Net developed for this work achieved state-of-the-art geometrical performance. The study highlighted the importance of dosimetric evaluation on top of standard geometric parameters and concluded that the automatic segmentation is sufficiently accurate to assist the physicians in manually contouring organs in CT images of the male pelvic region, which is an important step towards a fully automated workflow in IMRT.
Exploration and Validation of A Novel Inflammatory Response-Associated Gene Signature to Predict Osteosarcoma Prognosis and Immune Infiltration
Authors: Fu Yucheng , He Guoyu , Liu Zhuochao , Wang Jun , Zhang Zhusheng , Bao Qiyuan , Wen Junxiang , Jin Zhijian , Zhang Weibin
Published: August 2021

Background: Inflammatory response took part in the progression of tumor and was regarded as the hallmark of cancer. However, the prognostic relationship between osteosarcoma and inflammatory response-associated genes (IRGs) was unclear. This research aimed to explore the correlations between osteosarcoma prognosis and IRG signature.Methods: The inflammatory response-associated differentially expressed messenger RNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened out through Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Molecular Signature Database (MSigDB) databases. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were utilized to construct the IRG signature. The prognostic value of signature was investigated through Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curve and nomogram. DEmRNAs among high and low inflammatory response-associated risks were identified and functional enrichment analyses were conducted. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT and single-sample gene set enrichment analyses (ssGSEA) were implemented to reveal the alterations in immune infiltration. All above results were validated in Target database. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was applied to detect the expression of the IRGs in human osteoblast and osteosarcoma cell linesResults: The IRG signature that consisted of two genes (MYC, CLEC5A) was established. In training and validation datasets, patients with lower risk scores lived longer and the IRG signature was confirmed as the independent prognostic factor in osteosarcoma. The nomogram was constructed and the calibration curves indicated the reliability of this model. Functional analysis of risk score-associated DEmRNAs showed that immune-related pathways and functions were significantly enriched. ssGSEA revealed that 14 immune cells and 11 immune functions were significantly dysregulated. The qRT-PCR results indicated IRGs were significantly differently expressed in osteosarcoma and osteoblast cell lines.Conclusions: The novel osteosarcoma inflammatory response-associated prognostic signature was established and validated in this study. This model could serve as the biomarker and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma in the future.