bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indonesian Learning and Think Pair Share Model: An Effort to Improve Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Bontong Adrianus Tambing , Lieung Karlina Wong , Betaubun Martha , Walten Hendrika
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to apply the Think Pair Share learning model as an effort to improve student learning outcomes in Indonesian language learning.  This research uses a type of classroom action research, which is one of the problem-solving strategies that utilizes real action from the process of detecting problem-solving abilities. The design used in this study is the Kemmis and Mc. Taggart model. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach, but to complete the data also used qualitative data. This research step is carried out in 2 cycles and each cycle consists of 2 meetings. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, action, observation and reflection. Data collection using observation sheets, tests and documentation. The results showed that the application of the Think Pair Share  learning  model using can  improve activities and learning outcomes Indonesian grade II students. The average score for student graduation criteria starting from pre-cycle on was 60.7%, which then increased by 9.95% in cycle I and became 70.65%. Meanwhile, the percentage of student graduation increased in the second cycle, which was 18.77% and became 89.42%. This increase proves that the  TPS (Think Pair Share)  learning model in Indonesian learning can improve the learning outcomes of grade II students.
Implementation of Writing Learning in Class V Imaginative Learning Models at MI/SD
Authors: Damanik Muhd. Hayyanul , Ibsan Nur Annisa , Anisa Anggi , Sari Nur Pusfita
Published: August 2023

This research aims to investigate the level of success of students in writing learning through the implementation of an imaginative writing learning model. This topic was chosen due to the difficulties in developing writing skills among elementary school children and the prevalence of teachers relying on less innovative lecture-based teaching methods. The study focuses on the application and implementation of the imaginative writing learning model in the fifth grade class of Usman bin Affan at SD IT Islamic Center, located on Jl. Selamat Ketaren, Kec. Percut Sei Tuan, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, which means that the obtained data will be reported objectively and analyzed descriptively to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the existing facts. The sources of data for this study are teachers and students. The data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. As for data analysis, the research utilizes non-statistical methods, specifically descriptive data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the imaginative writing learning model in the fifth grade class of Usman bin Affan at SD IT Islamic Center, led by Ustadz Muhammad Khaidir, has been successful. The students have demonstrated improvement in their writing skills through the utilization of imaginative techniques employed in the learning process. The students have shown high interest, active engagement, and the ability to produce creative and imaginative writings. This research is expected to contribute to the development of innovative and relevant teaching methods, particularly in the context of writing learning at the elementary school level. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for teachers in designing engaging, creative, and motivating writing lessons, enabling students to enhance their writing skills effectively.
The Role of Innovative Leadership in Improving the Effectiveness of Higher Education
Authors: Kurniawan Entuy , Abdullah Muhammad Nurbih , Fitrianingsih Cas , Mulyanto Agus
Published: August 2023

Kepemimpinan inovatif di pendidikan tinggi dapat menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang dinamis, relevan, dan adaptif, yang mempersiapkan mahasiswa untuk menghadapi tuntutan dunia yang terus berkembang. Peran kepemimpinan inovatif menjadi sangat strategis untuk melakukan penataan, perubahan, dan pengembangan agar tantangan dan tuntutan pendidikan tinggi dapat diimplementasikan dengan baik, sehingga tujuan pendidikan tinggi dapat tercapai secara efektif dan efisien. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menggali tentang bagaimana peran kepemimpinan inovatif dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pendidikan tinggi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara studi pustaka, dimana data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan cara analisis konten isi. Sumber data penelitian berupa buku-buku, jurnal, dan internet serta sumber lainnya yang relevan. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa peran kepemimpinan inovatif dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pendidikan tinggi antara lain : 1) sebagai penentu arah kebijakan organisasi dalam mencapai visi, misi, tujuan dan strategi pendidikan tinggi; 2) sebagai motivator dalam penataan, perubahan, dan pengembangan organisasi pendidikan tinggi menghadapi tantangan dan tuntutan dunia pendidikan yang terus berkembang; 3) dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, kepemimpinan inovatif sebagai penggerak dalam proses standarisasi mutu, mengelola dan mengarahkan tim serta sumber daya lainnya dalam organisasi.
Implementation of Collaborative Learning Strategis in the Independent Learning Curriculum at Boarding Schools
Authors: Umkabu Talabudin , Zulihi Zulihi
Published: August 2023

Learning with the Free Learning policy at Al Muttaqin Buper Islamic Boarding School aims to enhance graduates' competencies, both in terms of hard skills and soft skills. This, of course, provides relevance to the needs of the modern era. The experimental learning program, which offers a flexible pathway, is expected to serve as a facility for students to develop their potential according to their talents and passions. This research is intended as a manifestation of the Free Learning Curriculum policy by the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. Additionally, it addresses the challenges of implementing the curriculum in the era of globalization at Al Muttaqin Buper Islamic Boarding School. The research utilizes a literature and document study approach. Data will be collected through literature sources and document studies, which will be analyzed and presented in the discussion. The analysis of this policy provides opportunities to produce students who can play a role in religion and the nation, contributing to the generation of the nation.
The Effect of the STEM Learning Model on Student’s Critical Thinking in Indonesia: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sappaile Baso Intang , Rahman Abdul , Ilwandri Ilwandri , Santosa Tomi Apra , Ichsan Ichsan , Tamedi Papia Jedithjah Naapia
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of STEM learning models on students' critical thinking skills in Indonesia. This type of research is a meta-analysis. Data sources came from 13 national and international journals. Data sources were searched from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Eric Journal, and Springer. The process of selecting data sources was carried out systematically and thoroughly. The collection technique was direct observation. Inclusion criteria in the study are 1) Data sources come from journals and proceedings indexed by SINTA, Scopus, and WOS; 2) The type of research is experimental or quasi-experimental; 3) Research related to the STEM model on critical thinking skills; 4) Journal publications 2015-2023; 5) Research has data sources that can be calculated effect size (ES) values. The results showed the average effect size (ES) value of 0.968 high criteria. This finding shows that the STEM model has a very large influence on students' critical thinking skills. The STEM model helps students be more creative and innovative in the learning process
Tax Inclusion as an Effort to Increase Tax Awareness in Learning Islamic Religious Education Courses at Universitas Bina Bangsa
Authors: Miftahudin Miftahudin , Saepudin Saepudin
Published: August 2023

This study aims to investigate tax inclusion in courses and analyze their effectiveness and impact on students. Taxes are an important aspect of a country's economy, and a good understanding of taxes is required by citizens, including students as future generations. This research will use qualitative and quantitative approaches by collecting data from students taking tax inclusion courses. Research methods include surveys, interviews, and analysis of exam results as well as assignments related to tax materials. The data will be analyzed using statistical techniques and a descriptive approach. First, this study will evaluate the effectiveness of the tax inclusion learning approach applied in the course. Effectiveness is measured based on students' understanding of tax concepts and their ability to apply that knowledge in real-life situations. Second, this study will identify the impact of tax inclusion in the course on students' social and economic perspectives. Social impacts can include their level of awareness and readiness to pay taxes as responsible citizens. The economic impact can be seen through increased understanding of personal financial management and its effect on investment and consumption. The results of this research are expected to contribute to the development of a higher education curriculum that is more relevant to the needs of the community. In addition, this research can provide input for educational institutions to improve learning approaches that are more effective and interesting in teaching tax materials.
Building and Developing Student Entrepreneurial Intentions Through Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education
Authors: Leuwol Ferdinand Salomo , Irawan Bambang , Doho Yohannes Don Bosco , Fauzan Tribowo Rachmat , Mardikawati Budi
Published: August 2023

This research is motivated by the importance of building and developing entrepreneurial intentions for students. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The sampling technique used purposive sampling of 100 students. The instruments used were observation, questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the classical assumption, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis including hypothesis testing T test, F test and R 2 test. The results of this study indicate: 1) Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions, 2) Entrepreneurship education has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions, and 3) Self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions. The conclusion of this research is that if universities want to build and develop students' entrepreneurial spirit, then universities need to improve student self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education.
Size Effect of Project Based Learning Model on Creative Thinking Skills of Civil Engineering Study Program Students
Authors: Triyantho Alex Irawan , Fantoni Fantoni , Santosa Tomi Apra
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect size of the project-based learning model on the critical thinking skills of civil engineering study program students. This type of research is a meta-analysis. Data sources come from 9 national and international journals published from 2013-2023. Search for data sources through the google scholar database, ProQuest, Eric, and Plos ONE. Data collection techniques are direct observation and documentation. The data analysis technique is a quantitative analysis technique by calculating the effect size (ES) value and the average value (mean). These results explain the average value of Effect Size (ES = 0.970) and the mean value of 80.72. This finding shows that there is a significant effect of the project-based learning model on the creative thinking skills of civil engineering study program students compared to conventional learning models.
Macroalgal input into the coastal food web along a gradient of seasonal sea ice cover along the Western Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Iken K , Amsler CD , Gorman KB , Klein AG , Galloway AWE , Amsler MO , Heiser S , Whippo R , Lowe AT , Schram JB , Schneider ZX , McClintock JB
Published: August 2023

Coastal food webs that are supported by multiple primary producer sources are considered to be more stable against perturbations. Here, we investigated how declining macroalgal abundance and diversity might influence coastal food web structure along an annual sea ice cover gradient along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). The most common benthic invertebrate consumers, macroalgae, and surface particulate organic matter were collected at 15 stations along the WAP. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values of primary producers changed negligibly in relation to the sea ice cover gradient, while isotope values of most invertebrate feeding groups increased with higher sea ice cover, although at low explanatory power. Food web length became shorter and consumer trophic niche width smaller in regions with higher sea ice cover. Changes in food web structure were mostly associated with shifts in trophic position of lower trophic levels. Food web structure in higher ice-covered regions resembled that of more generalist feeders with a loss of specialist species, concurrent with an increased reliance on a more reworked detrital food source. These results suggest that a number of benthic invertebrates are able to adjust to differences in basal energy sources. Conversely, these food webs dominated by generalist feeders are likely less efficient in energy transfer, which can create less-stable systems with lower adaptive capacity to disturbance. The predicted sea ice loss along the WAP may ultimately lead to a longer food web with higher macroalgal abundance, more specialist species, and wider consumer trophic niches in the currently more ice-covered regions.
The Effect of Dietary Oat Consumption and Its Constituents on Fat Storage and Obesity
Authors: Sirotkin AV
Published: August 2023

This review is to summarize and analyze the currently available knowledge concerning the action of oat (Avena sativa L.) consumption on obesity, as well as possible constituents and extra- and intracellular mediators responsible for its anti-obesity effect. The oat constituents could reduce fat storage via several mediatory mechanisms – brain centers regulating appetite, gastrointestinal functions, gut bacteria, fat synthesis and metabolism and maybe via changes in oxidative processes, steroid hormones receptors and adipose tissue vascularization. Several oat constituents (starch, fiber and beta-glucan) could have anti-obesity properties, whilst one oat constituent (starch or fiber) could affect fat storage via several mechanisms of action.
STRATEGI PROMOSI PERUMAHAN JAYA IMPERIAL PARK TANGERANG UNTUK MENARIK KONSUMEN BARU
Authors: Febrianto Eko
Published: August 2023

This research examines the promotion strategy applied by PT Jaya Garden Polis in marketing Jaya Imperial Park housing to the public. Researcher is interested to raise the theme of this research because PT Jaya Garden Polis with its products Jaya Imperial Park which is a new product in the midst of competition in Regency area can survive in the marketing of housing products among property developers. It demonstrated by the intense promotion competition carried out by the developers through the use of various media campaigns both intensively and extensively and Jaya Imperial Park is present again as an existing market share. The promotional strategies undertaken by Jaya Imperial Park are by Advertising, Sales Promotion, and Mouth to the Mouth to introduce, market and attract new customers. The purpose of this study is to find out the promotional strategies used Jaya Imperial Park housing to attract new consumers and to find out what media are used in promoting it. This study uses qualitative research methods that describe how promotional strategies and media campaigns which have been used by Jaya Imperial Park. Where the data collection stage using primary data through interviews and observation, then secondary data through intermediary media in the form of archives, documents, and photos from Jaya Imperial Park. The results of this study reveal that the promotional strategy which was run is to use the elements of promotion mix through Advertising, Sales Promotion, and Mouth to the Mouth by carrying out events that play a role in introducing, marketing, and attract new customers to be inhabited in housing Jaya Imperial Park.
IMPLEMENTASI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PT PERTAMINA DALAM MENDUKUNG KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DI MINANGKABAU
Authors: Mayasari Silvina
Published: August 2023

This study aims to see how the Implementation of PT Pertamina's Corporate Social Responsibility in Supporting the Conservation of Natural Resources in Minangkabau. Corporate Social Responsibility is defined as the company's responsibility to stakeholders to act ethically, minimize negative impacts and maximize positive impacts which include economic, social and environmental aspects (triple bottom line) in order to achieve sustainable development goals. The research method in this study is a descriptive qualitative method that focuses on the Implementation of PT Pertamina's Corporate Social Responsibility in Supporting the Conservation of Natural Resources in Minangkabau. Data Collection Techniques Data collection techniques in qualitative research are observation, literature, interviews and documentation studies. In this CSR program partnering with the West Sumatra Natural Resources Conservation Center (BKSDA). This activity focuses on handling conflicts that occur between people and wild animals. From the implementation of this CSR activity PT Pertamina is implemented in the form of Community Assistance, providing assistance by considering the needs that are really needed by the community. In practice, this wildlife conservation program is carried out by PT Pertamina in collaboration with the West Sumatra Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA). While the level of CSR carried out in wildlife conservation is Philanthropy, CSR program activities that help solve problems partially.

 

Keywords: Implementation, Corporate Social Responsibility, community assistance, Philanthropy
Relationship between sedentary behavior and endothelial dysfunction in a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Yang Ping-ting , Yang Sai-qi , He Yong-mei , Wang Jian-gang , Qin Yue-xiang , Wang Ya-qin , Li Ying
Published: August 2023

Sedentary behavior is a risk factor for several diseases, and previous studies have mostly reported the effects of acute sedentary behavior on vascular endothelial function. Data on the relationship between sedentary lifestyle habits and vascular function in large sample populations are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the correlation between self-reported sedentary behavior and peripheral vascular function in a check-up population from real-world data.

Methods

We recruited 13,220 participants from two health management centers of general tertiary hospitals located in northern and southern China between 2017 and 2021. All participants had undergone both questionnaires and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) measurements.

Results

In total, 3,205 participants with FMD ≤ 5.0% were identified to have endothelial dysfunction. In a multivariable regression model including lifestyle habits such as sedentary behavior and cardiovascular risk factors, taking leisure sedentary time <2 h/day as a reference, the risk of vascular endothelial dysfunction gradually increased with time: 2–4 h/day (OR = 1.182, 95% CI: 1.058–1.321, P = 0.003), 4–6 h/day (OR = 1.248, 95% CI: 1.100–1.414, P = 0.001) and >6 h/day (OR = 1.618, 95% CI: 1.403–1.866, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Longer leisure sedentary time is associated with a higher prevalence of vascular endothelial dysfunction. These findings suggest that leisure sedentary behavior is a risk factor for the occurrence of vascular endothelial dysfunction in the Chinese check-up population.
Predictive model for severe thrombocytopenia after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Li Shaoman , Wu Yafeng , Wang Jinju , She Liping , Zheng Xuemei
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for severe thrombocytopenia after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). A total of 155 patients treated with TAVR at our center were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The incidence of severe thrombocytopenia after TAVR was 25.16%, and most patients suffered from severe thrombocytopenia on 4 days after procedure. Multivariate regression analysis showed that weight <60 kg, New York Heart Association Functional Classification (NYHAFC IV), major vascular complications, and lower first post-procedural platelet count were independent risk factors for severe thrombocytopenia after TAVR. The c-statistic for the area under the curve was 0.758, the sensitivity was 0.744, the specificity was 0.784, and the negative predictive value of the model was 91.38%. The overall predictive value was 76.77%. The predictive model developed from this cohort data could effectively identify patients at high risk of severe thrombocytopenia after TAVR, and might be applicable to patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) and severe thrombocytopenia with different definitions.
Screening and clinical characteristics analysis of familial hypercholesterolemia in a tertiary public hospital
Authors: Shen Tianzhou , Fu Qingan , Luo Renfei , Wan Yixin , Jiang Long
Published: August 2023

Background and aims

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is becoming a global burden. However, it remains underdiagnosed and undertreated worldwide. This study aimed to observe the screening rate of FH patients and department distribution among hospitalized patients using different diagnostic criteria.

Methods

A total of 45,410 inpatients with LDL-C ≥3.5 mmol/L between 2008 and 2019 were included from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Inpatients are diagnosed and divided into groups by Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria, Chinese-modified DLCN criteria and Chinese expert consensus (CEC) criteria.

Results

There were 172, 1,076 and 115 inpatients included in the DLCN group, Chinese-modified DLCN group and CEC group, respectively (screening rates: 0.38%, 2.37% and 0.25%). These FH patients had a very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (55.7%–74.4%), especially in the DLCN group and CEC group (70.4%–74.4%). More than half of the patients were in the Department of Cardiology, and other high-risk departments included Neurology, Nephrology, Vascular Surgery, Otolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery and Traditional Chinese Medicine (24.35%–31.51%). Overall, hypertension, coronary heart disease, carotid arteriosclerosis, hepatic cyst, arrhythmia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were common accompanying diseases with FH.

Conclusions

It is necessary to establish appropriate diagnostic criteria and more positive treatment strategies for the FH inpatient population. In addition, promoting awareness of FH among doctors from other departments is also necessary. Therefore, developing a comprehensive management strategy for FH disease is very important.
Concerns and expectations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome vary across age and ethnicity: findings from PCOS Pearls Study
Authors: Elghobashy Mirna , Lau Gar Mun , Davitadze Meri , Gillett Caroline D. T. , O’Reilly Michael W. , Arlt Wiebke ,   PCOS SEva Working Group, Lindenmeyer Antje , Kempegowda Punith
Published: August 2023

Objective

To understand and explore the perceptions and opinions of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and further delineate the variations across age and ethnicity.

Design

Qualitative survey focussed on lived experiences of people with PCOS. Participants could share their views either as written text or as voice note audio recording(s) on WhatsApp. The data from the audio were transcribed verbatim. Responses were coded by two study members independently, using a thematic inductive method with NVivo 12. Two senior study members then reviewed these codes to identify common themes.

Subjects

Women with PCOS aged 18-60 years.

Results

43 of 45 participants had a formal diagnosis of PCOS, the remaining two had suspected PCOS which was under investigation. Four participants opted to share their views as voice note recordings. Poor mental health was the most reported (83.3% of participants), followed by dermatological (81.0%) and menstrual issues (76.2%). Participants were generally dissatisfied with the care they received (88.1%). A lengthy diagnostic journey was reported in 35.7% of cases. 52.6% felt less feminine, particularly regarding weight gain and infertility. As part of the recommendations by participants, it was emphasised that others with the condition should educate themselves and be proactive in their management. 46.3% reported that being more enlightened regarding their condition improved their health outcomes and enabled them to advocate for their own care. Women in their 20s expressed distress due to poor mental health, needing a longer time to get the diagnosis, and having weight and eating concerns. While women with PCOS in their 30s discussed their menstrual irregularities and fertility issues, those in their 40s expressed their concerns about the societal expectations of women when diagnosed with PCOS. The concerns varied across ethnicities as well.

Conclusion

PCOS has wide-ranging consequences for women living with the condition, with many dissatisfied with the clinical support they currently receive. The concerns and expectations vary across ages and ethnicities. Therefore, we propose involving women with PCOS to co-create clinical and educational resources informed by lived experiences to provide end-user-informed services.
Quantification of the renal sinus fat and exploration of its relationship with ectopic fat deposition in normal subjects using MRI fat fraction mapping
Authors: Zhang Qin-He , Chen Li-Hua , An Qi , Pi Peng , Dong Yi-Fan , Zhao Ying , Wang Nan , Fang Xin , Pu Ren-Wang , Song Qing-Wei , Lin Liang-Jie , Liu Jing-Hong , Liu Ai-Lian
Published: August 2023

Purpose

To determine the renal sinus fat (RSF) volume and fat fraction (FF) in normal Chinese subjects using MRI fat fraction mapping and to explore their associations with age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and ectopic fat deposition.

Methods

A total of 126 subjects were included in the analysis. RSF volume and FF, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area, and hepatic and pancreatic FFs were measured for each subject. The comparisons in gender were determined using two-tailed t-tests or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test for normally or non-normally distributed data for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables. Comparisons of RFS volume and FF between right and left kidneys were determined using paired sample t-tests. Multivariable logistic models were performed to confirm whether RSF differences between men and women are independent of VAT or SAT area. When parameters were normally distributed, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used; otherwise, the Spearman correlation coefficient was applied.

Results

The RSF volumes (cm3) of both kidneys in men (26.86 ± 8.81 for right and 31.62 ± 10.32 for left kidneys) were significantly bigger than those of women (21.47 ± 6.90 for right and 26.03 ± 8.55 for left kidneys) (P < 0.05). The RSF FFs (%) of both kidneys in men (28.33 ± 6.73 for right and 31.21 ± 6.29 for left kidneys) were significantly higher than those of the women (23.82 ± 7.74 for right and 27.92 ± 8.15 for left kidneys) (P < 0.05). The RSF differences between men and women are independent of SAT area and dependent of VAT area (except for right RSF volume). In addition, the RSF volumes and FFs in both kidneys in the overall subjects show significant correlations with age, BMI, VAT area, hepatic fat fraction and pancreatic fat fraction (P < 0.05). However, the patterns of these correlations varied by gender. The RSF volume and FF of left kidney were significantly larger than those of the right kidney (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The association between renal sinus fat and ectopic fat deposition explored in this study may help establish a consensus on the normal values of RSF volume and FF for the Chinese population. This will facilitate the identification of clinicopathological changes and aid in the investigation of whether RSF volume and FF can serve as early biomarkers for metabolic diseases and renal dysfunction in future studies.
The effects of subcutaneous Tirzepatide on obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta‐regression analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rohani Pejman , Malekpour Alamdari Nasser , Bagheri Seyedeh Elaheh , Hekmatdoost Azita , Sohouli Mohammad Hassan
Published: August 2023

Background

Despite the fact that obesity and overweight are serious major health problems worldwide, fighting against them is also considered a challenging issue. Several interventional studies have evaluated the potential weight-reduction effect of Tirzepatide. In order to obtain a better viewpoint from them, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of subcutaneous Tirzepatide on obesity and overweight.

Methods

Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the weight loss effects of Tirzepatide. Pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were achieved by random-effects model analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. The statistical heterogeneity and publication bias were determined using the Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistics and using the funnel plot and Egger’s test, respectively.

Results

Twenty three treatments arm with 7062 participants’ were included in this systematic review and meta‐regression analysis. The pooled findings showed that Tirzepatide vs placebo significantly reduced body weight (weighted mean difference (WMD): -11.34 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -12.79 to -9.88, P< 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -3.11 kg/m2, 95% CI: -4.36 to -1.86, P< 0.001), and waist circumference (WC) (WMD: -7.24 cm, 95% CI -10.12 to -4.36, P< 0.001). These reductions were even greater, especially with higher doses and duration of Tirzepatide.

Conclusions

Tirzepatide medication had significant effects on weight management with the reduction of body weight, BMI, and WC. Administration of Tirzepatide can be considered a therapeutic strategy for overweight or obese people.
SDG 17 and global partnership for sustainable development: unraveling the rhetoric of collaboration
Authors: Cruz Sofia Alexandra
Published: August 2023

As the 2030 SDG Agenda unfolds, a growing body of the literature from various disciplines is analyzing how sustainable development can be a process for change to achieve a dynamic equilibrium between the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. This article aims to critically examine the evolution and implementation of the UN 2030 agenda for sustainable development, with a particular focus on its collaborative approach. It discusses the SDG 17 called “Partnerships for the Goals. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development”, devoting particular attention to how this SDG has been found in a blurred vision of collaboration. Actually, there has been much rhetoric about enhancing multi-stakeholder partnerships for sustainable development including the government, business sector, non-government organizations, academia, social partners, and civil society. However, reporting the difficulties and unmitigated success is not common. From the perspective of the theory of collaborative advantage, this paper examines the collaborative advantages and inertias of the process of collaborating and identifies important key elements to consider in SDG 17, such as power relations, trust, goal management, organizational cultures, and leadership.
Colocalization of corneal resistance factor GWAS loci with GTEx e/sQTLs highlights plausible candidate causal genes for keratoconus postnatal corneal stroma weakening
Authors: Jiang Xinyi , Boutin Thibaud , Vitart Veronique
Published: August 2023

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for corneal resistance factor (CRF) have identified 100s of loci and proved useful to uncover genetic determinants for keratoconus, a corneal ectasia of early-adulthood onset and common indication of corneal transplantation. In the current absence of studies to probe the impact of candidate causal variants in the cornea, we aimed to fill some of this knowledge gap by leveraging tissue-shared genetic effects.

Methods: 181 CRF signals were examined for evidence of colocalization with genetic signals affecting steady-state gene transcription and splicing in adult, non-eye, tissues of the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Expression of candidate causal genes thus nominated was evaluated in single cell transcriptomes from adult cornea, limbus and conjunctiva. Fine-mapping and colocalization of CRF and keratoconus GWAS signals was also deployed to support their sharing causal variants.

Results and discussion: 26.5% of CRF causal signals colocalized with GTEx v8 signals and nominated genes enriched in genes with high and specific expression in corneal stromal cells amongst tissues examined. Enrichment analyses carried out with nearest genes to all 181 CRF GWAS signals indicated that stromal cells of the limbus could be susceptible to signals that did not colocalize with GTEx’s. These cells might not be well represented in GTEx and/or the genetic associations might have context specific effects. The causal signals shared with GTEx provide new insights into mediation of CRF genetic effects, including modulation of splicing events. Functionally relevant roles for several implicated genes’ products in providing tensile strength, mechano-sensing and signaling make the corresponding genes and regulatory variants prime candidates to be validated and their roles and effects across tissues elucidated. Colocalization of CRF and keratoconus GWAS signals strengthened support for shared causal variants but also highlighted many ways into which likely true shared signals could be missed when using readily available GWAS summary statistics.
Genetics and athletic performance: a systematic SWOT analysis of non-systematic reviews
Authors: Konopka Magdalena Johanna , Sperlich Billy , Rietjens Gerard , Zeegers Maurice Petrus
Published: August 2023

Exercise genetics/genomics is a growing research discipline comprising several Strengths and Opportunities but also deals with Weaknesses and Threats. This “systematic SWOT overview of non-systematic reviews” (sSWOT) aimed to identify the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats linked to exercise genetics/genomics. A systematic search was conducted in the Medline and Embase databases for non-systematic reviews to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature/research area. The extracted data was thematically analyzed, coded, and categorized into SWOT clusters. In the 45 included reviews five Strengths, nine Weaknesses, six Opportunities, and three Threats were identified. The cluster of Strengths included “advances in technology”, “empirical evidence”, “growing research discipline”, the “establishment of consortia”, and the “acceptance/accessibility of genetic testing”. The Weaknesses were linked to a “low research quality”, the “complexity of exercise-related traits”, “low generalizability”, “high costs”, “genotype scores”, “reporting bias”, “invasive methods”, “research progress”, and “causality”. The Opportunities comprised of “precision exercise”, “omics”, “multicenter studies”, as well as “genetic testing” as “commercial”-, “screening”-, and “anti-doping” detection tool. The Threats were related to “ethical issues”, “direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies”, and “gene doping”. This overview of the present state of the art research in sport genetics/genomics indicates a field with great potential, while also drawing attention to the necessity for additional advancement in methodological and ethical guidance to mitigate the recognized Weaknesses and Threats. The recognized Strengths and Opportunities substantiate the capability of genetics/genomics to make significant contributions to the performance and wellbeing of athletes.
Molecular medicine-based IBD treatment strategies—we take it personally!
Authors: Hentschel Viktoria , Klaus Jochen
Published: August 2023

In light of potentially aggressive disease courses of either IBD type—CD or UC—marked by frequent flareups or non-subsiding inflammatory activity, effective immunosuppression is key to preventing progressive tissue destruction and permanent disability. However, over-treating patients with a high probability of an indolent disease course ought to be avoided. To solve this therapeutic dichotomy, there is a pressing need for a reliable classification of patients based on their biosignature to rate their individual prognosis and likelihood of response to a given therapy. This need for pinpoint therapeutic strategies is addressed by the concepts of PreM and the more stringently defined PerM. In this review we summarize the most pivotal study results published so far in the field of individualized IBD care with a special focus on molecular diagnostics and their applicability in the clinical setting.
Tertiary lymphoid structures and B lymphocytes: a promising therapeutic strategy to fight cancer
Authors: Esparcia-Pinedo Laura , Romero-Laorden Nuria , Alfranca Arantzazu
Published: August 2023

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are clusters of lymphoid cells with an organization that resembles that of secondary lymphoid organs. Both structures share common developmental characteristics, although TLSs usually appear in chronically inflamed non-lymphoid tissues, such as tumors. TLSs contain diverse types of immune cells, with varying degrees of spatial organization that represent different stages of maturation. These structures support both humoral and cellular immune responses, thus the correlation between the existence of TLS and clinical outcomes in cancer patients has been extensively studied. The finding that TLSs are associated with better prognosis in some types of cancer has led to the design of therapeutic strategies based on promoting the formation of these structures. Agents such as chemokines, cytokines, antibodies and cancer vaccines have been used in combination with traditional antitumor treatments to enhance TLS generation, with good results. The induction of TLS formation therefore represents a novel and promising avenue for the treatment of a number of tumor types.
Immune responses to Tilapia lake virus infection: what we know and what we don’t know
Authors: Kembou-Ringert Japhette E. , Steinhagen Dieter , Thompson Kim D. , Daly Janet M. , Adamek Mikolaj
Published: August 2023

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a novel contagious pathogen associated with a lethal disease affecting and decimating tilapia populations on several continents across the globe. Fish viral diseases, such as Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD), represent a serious threat to tilapia aquaculture. Therefore, a better understanding of the innate immune responses involved in establishing an antiviral state can help shed light on TiLV disease pathogenesis. Moreover, understanding the adaptive immune mechanisms involved in mounting protection against TiLV could greatly assist in the development of vaccination strategies aimed at controlling TiLVD. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the immune responses following TiLV infection. After describing the main pathological findings associated with TiLVD, both the innate and adaptive immune responses and mechanisms to TiLV infection are discussed, in both disease infection models and in vitro studies. In addition, our work, highlights research questions, knowledge gaps and research areas in the immunology of TiLV infection where further studies are needed to better understand how disease protection against TiLV is established.
Perspectives on biorefineries in microbial production of fuels and chemicals
Authors: Decker Stephen R. , Brunecky Roman , Yarbrough John M. , Subramanian Venkataramanan
Published: August 2023

Microbes drive our complex biosphere by regulating the global ecosystem through cycling elements and energy. Humankind has barely begun leveraging this biotransformation capacity to impact global economies and ecologies. Advances in genetic engineering, molecular analysis, metabolic flux modeling, microbial consortia/biome mapping and engineering, cell-free bioproduction, artificial intelligence/machine learning and the ever expanding -omics frontiers have set the stage for paradigm changes to how humankind produces, uses, transforms, and recycles carbon and energy through microbes. Harnessing this enormous potential could drive a global bioeconomy and manage carbon at a planetary level but requires understanding and application at a grand scale across a broad range of science and engineering disciplines. The penultimate manifestation of these advances is the “bio-refinery”, which is often referenced, but is a long way from being fully developed as a global carbon management platform. Broadening the feed stocks, processing operations, and product portfolio to a sequential cascade optimizing the conversion as a whole instead of limited outputs could greatly advance deployment and stability of a bioeconomy.
Exposing inequities in deep-sea exploration and research: results of the 2022 Global Deep-Sea Capacity Assessment
Authors: Bell Katherine Lynn Croff , Quinzin Maud Caroline , Amon Diva , Poulton Susan , Hope Alexis , Sarti Otmane , Cañete Titus Espedido , Smith Alanna Matamaru , Baldwin Harriet Isobel , Lira Drew Marie , Cambronero-Solano Sergio , Chung Tyler-Rae Aiysha , Brady Bahia
Published: August 2023

The 2022 Global Deep-Sea Capacity Assessment is a baseline assessment of the technical and human capacity for deep-sea exploration and research in every coastal area with deep ocean worldwide. From 200 to nearly 11,000 meters below sea level, the deep sea encompasses the single largest—and arguably the most critical—biosphere on Earth. Globally, two-thirds of all exclusive economic zones combined have water depths between 2,000 and 6,000 meters, making this a particularly critical depth range to access. This study includes information for 186 countries and territories, analyzed by subregional, regional, and income groups. The data were collected through both an online survey and manual research. We found that globally, 52% of respondents agreed that exploration and research were considered important in their community. A third of respondents agreed they had the in-country technology to conduct deep-sea exploration and research, and half agreed they had in-country deep-sea expertise. Survey results revealed that the most important challenges worldwide are funding, access to vessels, and human capacity. The top three global opportunities for deep-sea exploration and research were training opportunities, less expensive data collection technology, and better data access and analysis tools. This assessment provides the baseline information necessary to strategically develop, equitably implement, and quantitatively measure the impact of deep-sea exploration and research capacity development over the coming years. It is now possible to measure the evolution of deep-sea capacity over the next decade, an important indicator of progress during the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.
Tidal volume challenge–induced hemodynamic changes can predict fluid responsiveness during one-lung ventilation: an observational study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Ding Yinyin , Zhang Jiatong , Huang Tianfeng , Gao Ju
Published: August 2023

Background

To evaluate the ability of tidal volume challenge (VTC)-induced hemodynamic changes to predict fluid responsiveness in patients during one-lung ventilation (OLV).

Methods

80 patients scheduled for elective thoracoscopic surgery with OLV were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 18 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III, normal right ventricular function, normal left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction ≥55%), and normal or slightly impaired diastolic function. The study protocol was implemented 15 min after starting OLV. Simultaneous recordings were performed for hemodynamic variables of diameter of left ventricular outflow tract, velocity time integral (VTI) of aortic valve, and stroke volume (SV), and ΔSV-VTC, ΔVTI-VTC, and ΔMAP-VTC were calculated at four time points: with VT 5 mL/kg (T1); after VT increased from 5 mL/kg to 8 mL/kg and maintained at this level for 2 min (T2); after VT was adjusted back to 5 mL/kg for 2 min (T3); and after volume expansion (250 mL of 0.9% saline infused over 10–15 min) (T4). Patients were considered as responders to fluid administration if SV increased by ≥10%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for percent decrease in SV, VTI, and MAP by VTC were generated to evaluate their ability to discriminate fluid responders from nonresponders.

Results

Of the 58 patients analyzed, there were 32 responders (55%) and 26 nonresponders (45%). The basic characteristics were comparable between the two groups (p > 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for ΔSV-VTC, ΔVTI-VTC, and ΔMAP-VTC to discriminate responders from nonresponders were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68–0.90), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66–0.89), and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.42–0.69). The best threshold for ΔSV-VTC was −16.1% (sensitivity, 78.1%; specificity, 84.6%); the best threshold for ΔVTI-VTC was −14.5% (sensitivity, 78.1%; specificity, 80.8%).

Conclusion

Tidal volume challenge–induced relative change of stroke volume and velocity time integral can predict fluid responsiveness in patients during one-lung ventilation.

Clinical Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No: chictr210051310.
Methodological challenges and biases in the field of cognitive function among patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Giannakou Konstantinos , Golenia Aleksandra , Liabeuf Sophie , Malyszko Jolanta , Mattace-Raso Francesco , Farinha Ana , Spasovski Goce , Hafez Gaye , Wiecek Andrzej , Capolongo Giovanna , Capasso Giovambattista , Massy Ziad A. , Pépin Marion
Published: August 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 850 million people globally and is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. The prevalence of cognitive impairment among CKD patients ranges from 30 to 60%, and the link between CKD and cognitive impairment is partially understood. Methodological challenges and biases in studying cognitive function in CKD patients need to be addressed to improve diagnosis, treatment, and management of cognitive impairment in this population. Here, we review the methodological challenges and study design issues, including observational studies’ limitations, internal validity, and different types of bias that can impact the validity of research findings. Understanding the unique challenges and biases associated with studying cognitive function in CKD patients can help to identify potential sources of error and improve the quality of future research, leading to more accurate diagnoses and better treatment plans for CKD patients.