bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic, physiological, and anatomical analyses reveal that storage in the scapes of Dendrobium ‘Garnet Beauty’ contributes to maintaining racemes
Authors: Zhou Yi , Meng Yi-Yi , Mo Hai-Shan , Gong Jian-Ying , Wang Hua-Xin , Li Jia-Wei
Published: January 2024

Flower longevity refers to the period during which flowers remain open
and functional. Orchids are well known for their relatively long-lived
flowers. The scape of inflorescences serves as a bridge between nutrient
sources and flowers; however, although it plays essential roles in
floral display, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of flower
longevity by the scape in Dendrobium orchids remain poorly understood.
In this study, using Dendrobium ‘Garnet Beauty’, we investigated the
contribution of the scape to flower longevity, based on metabolomic
analysis, characterization of physiological responses, and morphological
observations. We found no significant differences in the lifespan or
morphological structure of the distal or proximal flowers on the scape.
However, primary metabolite contents in the distal portion were
significantly higher than those in the proximal portion, and the total
areas of vascular bundles and phloem in the distal portion were larger
than those in the proximal portion, indicating a higher nutrient
transport efficiency in the distal portion. Furthermore, the scape
showed increases in the contents of different amino acid derivatives and
organic acids with age, indicating a relatively efficient recycling and
utilization of nutrients within flowers. These findings indicate that
the scape contributes to maintaining consistent flower longevity by
enhancing nutrient transport capacity and provides storage capability
that ensures the delivery of a steady supply of nutrient to flowers.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of TAF, TDF, and LdT to prevent the transmission of Hepatitis B in pregnant women: a retrospective study
Authors: Lin Chaoshuang , Pan Shufang , Zhang Ying , Zeng Yingfu
Published: January 2024

Objective：To compare the efficacy and safety of telbivudine (LdT),
tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
(TDF) for preventing Hepatitis B transmission in immune-tolerant
pregnant women with HBV infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective
cohort study involving women who had HBV DNA 2 × 105 IU / ml and
initiated LdT, TDF or TAF to prevent mother-to-child transmission
(MTCT). The primary endpoint was the safety of mothers and infants. The
secondary endpoints were maternal hepatitis B virus DNA reduction at
delivery and mother-to-child transmission rate. Results: A total of 96
patients were enrolled in the study ( LdT group, n=36; TDF group, n=35;
TAF group, n=25). All infants received hepatitis B virus
immunoprophylaxis. The mother-to-child transmission rate was 0%( [0
of 25] vs. [0 of 35] vs [0 of 36], P＞0.05). No severe liver
function damage occurred in any of the mothers. Babies delivered in all
groups had prenatal ultrasound screening abnormalities, but abnormality
rates were not statistically significant between groups. Conclusion: The
application of TDF, TAF, or LdT to immune-tolerant HBV-infected pregnant
women in middle-late pregnancy, can successfully interrupt
mother-to-child transmission of the HBV virus. However, for all three
groups of pregnant women who delivered babies with abnormal prenatal
ultrasound screening, an expanded sample size may be needed for further
observation.
New species and combination in section Oceanica, genus Protoperidinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae) from Vietnamese waters
Authors: Phan Luom , Krakhmalnyi Maxim , Le Ha , Tran Van , Tran Hue , Huynh Ngoc Duyen , Darki Behrouz , Krakhmalnyi Aleksandr
Published: January 2024

A new heterotrophic dinoflagellate, Protoperidinium vietnamicum sp. nov.
was described from the coastal waters of Viet Nam. It is characterized
by its elongation, pentagonal to pyriform body in ventral or dorsal
view, and moderately dorsoventrally compressed. Epitheca is tapering
into a robust apical horn and shorter than antapical horns. Cingulum
equatorial, slightly descending. Sulcus wide, shallow, and slightly
oblique. Plate 1’ is ortho-type, and intercalary 2a and 3a plates are
pentagonal. Plate 1a is quadrangular, and its area is approximately
triple times smaller than plate 3a. A new combination is proposed, the
Protoperidinium curvicorne (Böhm) comb. nov. has distinct morphological
features from other members of the section Oceanica. It presents a large
cell-sized species with a round, broad body, and strong dorsoventral
compression. The epitheca abruptly transitions into a slender apical
horn strongly tilted towards the ventral side. Cingulum is narrow,
shallow, descending, and strongly inclined relative to the equatorial
plane of the cell. The plate 1’ is ortho-type, and 2а and 3а are
asymmetrical and pentagonal. Both species are provided with detailed
descriptions and are illustrated with line drawings, as well as with
light microscopy images and SEM micrographs. In-depth discussion and
comparison with similar species are presented.
EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE PRIVATE SECURITY SECTOR
Authors: İşkol Tansel , Cantürk Nuh Zafer , İşkol-Alemdar Hande Ece , Cantürk İrem , Alemdar Ahmet Yasin
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 epidemic has been a devastating pandemic that has affected
not only the healthcare sector but also all sectors including education,
transport, tourism and business. Its effects persist throughout the
normalization process. Private security forces are among the industries
hit hardest by the pandemic. Both in Turkey and around the world,
private security officers have played important roles in ensuring the
safety of the public throughout the process. In this study, a survey was
developed to measure the qualifications of private security officers
working in companies that are active in various sectors in Turkey. The
survey also questioned their views on their profession by highlighting
the difficulties they had experienced during the pandemic. The results
indicated that the public and the authorities should be informed
regarding the important role of the private security forces and that the
sector is crucial for the functioning of the social order. In fact, the
survival of the private security sector without losing its primary
purpose and suffering severe economic setbacks is extremely crucial for
the welfare and peace of a society.
Considering the effects of sea waves on offshore wind simulations in the Weather Research and Forecasting model
Authors: Penchah Mohammadreza Mohammadpour , Bakhoday-Paskyabi Mostafa , Bui Hai
Published: January 2024

One of key factors in simulating offshore wind field is con- sidering
the effects of waves on momentum and energy ex- changes between the
atmosphere and ocean. However, most NWP models traditionally overlook
the effects of waves, due to the lack of suitable roughness length
parameterization. To address this issue, coupling atmospheric and wave
mod- els has emerged which handles the wind-wave interaction through the
exchange of a few quantities between two mod- els. On the other hand,
integrating atmospheric and wave models requires substantial
computational resources and as- sociated expenses. In this study, we
developed an offline wave coupling method in the WRF to account for wave
ef- fects on wind field simulations. With this method, the WRF is
modified to read wave parameters and bathymetry data, and to
parameterize roughness length using these data. Our study aims to
evaluate the offline method by comparing it to an online coupling system
that uses the coupled atmosphere and wave models, as well as observation
data. We found that the offline method utilizes almost 17% fewer
computational resources and 19% less computational time compared to the
online method, while maintaining identical forecasting accu- racy.
Evaluation of the results during dominant swell con- dition suggested
that both methods are able to reduce the forecast uncertainty compared
to LiDAR measurement spe- cially in the lower part of atmosphere.
Short communication: Initial Examination of Use of the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC) across Home and School Contexts
Authors: Reszka Stephanie S. , Wallisch Anna , Boyd Brian A. , Watson Linda R. , Grasley-Boy Nicolette
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the potential influences of administration
context on the measurement of child skills over time. The BOSCC was
administered to preschool-aged children with autism at two time points
at school by trained research staff and at home by the parent. Children
showed improvements across all subscales and the total score over time.
The Social-communication and Core total scores yield similar information
in both contexts, but Restricted and Repetitive Behavior and Other
Abnormal Behavior subscales scores were not related. Further, subscale
and total scores are correlated between contexts at individual time
points but not over time. These results underscore the importance of
purposeful selection of measures and their administration context.
Double-negative T cells were associated with disease severity and autoantibody production in children with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Zhao Xiaozhen , Li Shipeng , Gong Wenyu , Deng Jianghong , Zhang Junmei , Tan Xiaohua , Li Chao , Kuang Weiying , Wang Jiang , Li Caifeng
Published: January 2024

Objective: Double-negative T cells (DNTs) were significantly elevated in
autoimmune diseases and were thought to play an important role in
inflammation. The purpose of this study was to explore its important
role in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). Methods: The
DNTs, T and B cell subsets of peripheral blood were detected by flow
cytometry in 78 patients, and clinical and laboratory data of cSLE
patients were collected to analyze the correlation between DNTs and the
above indexes. The changes of DNTs after glucocorticoids were detected,
and the effects of different doses of glucocorticoids on DNTs were
analyzed. Results: DNTs was significantly increased in peripheral blood
of cSLE patients. DNTs were associated with SLE disease severity and
organ involvement, as well as with the production of autoantibodies,
Naive B cell and plasmablast cells. The level of DNTs increased after
low-dose glucocorticoid treatment, but the proportion of DNTs gradually
decreased with the increase of glucocorticoid dose. Conclusion: DNTs was
positively correlated with disease severity in cSLE patients, and the
effect of glucocorticoid dose on DNTs was different.
Infrared thermal imaging as a potential tool for investigating early social interaction: a developmental perspective
Authors: Nazzari Sarah , Darvehei Fatemeh , Jensen Ellie , Samoukina Anastasiia , Provenzi Livio
Published: January 2024

The co-regulation of biological stress systems within the parent-infant
dyad plays an important role in the development of infant stress
regulation, affecting several physical and psychological processes
across the lifespan. Infrared thermal imaging (ITI) allows to capture
cutaneous temperature modulations under the control of the autonomic
nervous system in a non-invasive and ecological manner. Here, we discuss
potential applications of ITI to investigate dyadic autonomic responses
in parent-infant interactions. We systematically review studies
assessing infant or parent-infant facial temperature during social
exchanges. Four studies were retrieved with sample sizes ranging from 10
to 18 and children’s ages ranging from 2 to 42 months. Initial evidence
suggests that facial thermal variations are sensitive to social
challenges early in life and that ITI can detect patterns of dyadic
autonomic synchrony. Albeit preliminary, findings outline the potential
of ITI as a new tool for the ecological investigation of autonomic
regulatory processes in early interactions.
Identification and Functional Analysis of Circular RNAs in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Huang Dan , Liu Jian , WANG YUAN , Wan Lei , Fang Yanyan , Ding Xiang , Zhang Wandong
Published: January 2024

Objectives:To analyze the function and roles of circRNAs in the
peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ankylosing spondylitis
(AS) patients. Methods: The expression of AS-related circRNAs were
detected by high-throughput RNA-sequencing within the PBMCs of 5 AS
cases and healthy controls. After profiling circRNA expression in these
samples, differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) were identified, and a
qPCR-based validation approach was used to confirm the differential
expression of six of these DECs in patient samples. Spearman’s
correlation tests and ROC curve analyses were further used to assess the
relationship between disease severity and the expression of DECs of
interest in AS patients, after which a putative circRNA-microRNAs
(miRNAs) interaction network was constructed leading to the detection of
six validated DECs with competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) functionality.
Besides, cell experiments were also performed to investigate the
potential mechanism of key circRNA in AS. Results: 10,441 circRNAs were
identified in these 10 PBMC samples, with 131 total DECs including 89
and 42 that were up- and down-regulated, respectively. In qPCR
validation assays, patterns of hsa_circ_0000702, hsa_circ_0006209,
hsa_circ_0047920, hsa_circ_0001543, hsa_circ_0072697 and
hsa_circ_0005076 were confirmed to align well with RNA-seq results. In
addition, the expression levels of hsa_circ_0006209,
hsa_circ_0047920, and hsa_circ_0072697 were detected to be
positively correlated with disease severity. ROC curve analyses
suggested that hsa_circ_0072697 may offer value as a diagnostic
biomarker for AS. Cell experiments indicated that hsa_circ_0072697
could suppress the progression of AS by targeting NF-κB pathway
Conclusions: The identification of six circRNAs with putative ceRNA
functionality in AS patients highlights potential molecular mechanisms
governing this debilitating disease. However, further research will be
necessary to formally confirm the roles of these DECs and their target
miRNAs in AS. Further, hsa_circ_0072697 has a good diagnostic value in
AS patients, and it could suppress the progression of AS by targeting
NF-κB pathwa
Fritillaria pavehensis (Liliaceae), a new species from western Iran
Authors: Advay Mahfooz , Soleimani Fahmi
Published: January 2024

a new species, Fritillaria pavehensis from Kermanshah province in
western Iran was described in the present study. F. pavehensis is
similar to F. crassifolia, F. kurdica and F. hakkarensis in F.
crassifolia group in general facies but differs mainly by the shape and
size of its lowest leaves and bracts, shape and colour of perigone
segments. The detailed taxonomic descriptions, diagnostic characters,
original photographs, geographical distributions, habitat, phenology and
ecology, etymology, conservation status, and phylogenetic dendrogram of
the new and the related species are presented in the present study.
Anti-inflammatory effect of BMP326, a novel benzothiazole derivative: Possible involvement of the NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Guo huijie , Luo xingyan , Yang shuxia , Liu yang , Mo chunfen
Published: January 2024

Background: Benzothiazole and its derivatives have been extensive
studied due to their versatile biological properties and pharmaceutical
applications. We recently found that the BMP326
(1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol), a novel
benzothiazole derivative, have anti-inflammatory properties in
lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and there were no
relevant reports previously. Methods and Results: Treatment with
BMP326(5, 10 and 20 μM) can significantly inhibit nitric oxide
production and down-regulate mRNA expression of nitric oxide synthase
(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) but did not cause significant
cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 macrophages. It is also observed BMP326 can
inhibit LPS-stimulated interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin(IL)-1β, tumor
necrosis factor (TNF)-α production depending on its dosage. The gene
transcription levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were reduced under BMP326
exposure in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we explored the
inhibitory mechanisms of BMP326 on the production of pro-inflammatory
mediators. The results showed that BMP326 inhibited nuclear factor kappa
B (NF-κB) activation by reducing the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα.
Moreover, the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (p38), extracellular
signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)
in RAW264.7 cells which are stimulated with LPS were suppressed in a
dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: In summary, these results suggest
that BMP326 exerts anti-inflammatory properties via suppression of the
NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways.
Therapeutic Potential of Dihydroartemisinin in Mitigating Radiation-Induced Lung Injury: Inhibition of Ferroptosis through Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways in Mice
Authors: Ning Xin , Zhao Weidong , Wu Qiaoyuan , Wang Cailan , Liang Shixiong
Published: January 2024

Background: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common consequence
of thoracic radiation therapy that lacks effective preventative and
treatment strategies. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of
artemisinin, affects oxidative stress, immunomodulation, and
inflammation. It’s uncertain, nevertheless, whether DHA reduces RILI. In
this work, we looked into the specific mechanisms of action of DHA in
RILI. Methods: The mice were irradiated with 20 Gy 6 MV irradiation dose
followed by administration of DHA and Brusatol for 30 days. Pathologic
changes in the lungs were observed thereafter. TNF-α, TGF-β, glutathione
peroxidase (GPX4), Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2),
and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in lung tissues were detected. In
addition, mitochondrial ultrastructural changes in lung tissues were
also observed, and the GSH content in lung tissues was assessed.
Results: DHA attenuated radiation-induced pathological lung injury and
inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, it decreased the synthesis
of inflammatory substances like TNF-α and TGF-β. DHA additionally
stimulated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. DHA inhibited cellular ferroptosis and
upregulated GPX4 and GSH levels. The Nrf2 inhibitor Brusatol reduced
DHA’s inhibitory effect on ferroptosis. Conclusion: DHA modulated the
Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to prevent cellular ferroptosis, hence reducing RILI.
Therefore, DHA could be a potential drug for the treatment of RILI.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Signaling Pathways Research in the Past Decade
Authors: Lyu Kaifeng , Li Jaing-shan , Chen Min , Li Wu , Zhang Wei , Hu Meichao , Zhang Yuxing , Feng Xiang
Published: January 2024

(1)Background: This study employs bibliometric methods to
comprehensively understand the fundamental structure of research about
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Signaling Pathways by examining key
indicators such as nations, institutions, journals, authors, and
keywords.(2) Methodology: We utilized the WoScc database to retrieve
literature relevant to ASD Signaling Pathways. Through visual analysis
and tools like CiteSpace and VosViewer, we explored nations,
institutions, journals, authors, and keywords, thereby constructing
relevant networks.(3) Results: The study encompasses 1396 articles,
revealing a consistent increase in publications. The United States,
China, and Germany are leading nations in this literature. Regarding
research institutions, the University of California system and Eric
Klann have garnered significant attention due to their substantial
contributions to the field of ASD Signaling Pathways. Most relevant
research is published in the journal “Molecular Autism.” Research
interests are concentrated across various themes, including “elevating
neuronal β-catenin levels,” “Tunisian children,” “FMR1 gene knockout
mice,” “de novo mutations,” “autistic children,” “local
translation,” “propionic acid-induced mouse models,”
“neurosystems,” “glucose metabolism,” and “neuronal migration.”
Future research may emphasize exploring aspects such as gut microbiota,
genes, stress, maternal immune activation, memory, and
neurodevelopmental disorders of ASD.(4) Conclusion: This study, through
bibliometric analysis of key indicators such as nations, institutions,
journals, authors, and keywords, provides a comprehensive overview of
the current state of research on ASD Signaling Pathways.
Effect of the pandemic on the need for and use of psychiatric services among various diagnostic groups of psychiatric outpatients
Authors: Kılıç Cengiz , Türkoğlu Özge , Avanoğlu Burcu , YAGCIOGLU A. ELIF ANIL , Uluğ Berna Diclenur , Uluğ Özlem Şeyda , Magruder Kathy , Doğan Melike Karaçam , Özden Hayri Can , Erdoğan İbrahim Mert , Ağaoğlu Esen , Erdogan Nilgun Oktar , Baki H. Ertuğ , Yalçınkaya Oğuz Kaan , Aliyev E. Selin , Arca Cengiz , Aylak İbrahim , Taşdemir Tuğba , Demirsöz Talat , Eni Nurhayat
Published: January 2024

Aim: Both general medical and mental health services were
disrupted during the pandemic. It is unclear how these disruptions
played out for people with various mental health diagnoses. We compared
change in mental health status and use of mental health services between
four psychiatric groups: schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar
disorder, unipolar depression, and anxiety/obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD). Method: Using a semi-structured interview, 492
psychiatric outpatients who had used psychiatric services of a
university hospital before the pandemic were assessed on the phone
during the pandemic. Results: About half of the sample reported
a perceived need for contact with mental health services during the
pandemic, half of whom actually used services. Need for contact was much
lower in the schizophrenia group than other diagnostic groups, whereas
actual use of services was lower in the unipolar depression and
anxiety/OCD groups. Conclusions: Patients with severe mental
disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorders, may not have been
more disadvantaged than those with anxiety/depression spectrum disorders
during the pandemic. The pandemic response structure of mental health
services should be modified to fit the needs of anxiety/depression
spectrum patients.
A study on the biological processes involved in YAP/TAZ and its role in intestinal disease
Authors: Ji Rong , Cai YuQin , Zhu XiaoJuan , Guo HaiLian , huang liqiang
Published: January 2024

YAP/TAZ are two homologous transcriptional coactivators that promote
cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, and tissue homeostasis.
Activated YAP/TAZ reflects the “social” behavior of cells, including
cell adhesion and mechanical signals that cells receive from tissue
structures and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Simultaneous
activation or overexpression of YAP/TAZ has been shown to lead to
cellular transformation and tumor development. Intestinal diseases are
mostly inflammatory and tumor-based, and YAP/TAZ plays an important role
in this process. However, many roles of the YAP/TAZ in the course of
intestinal disease are not clear. Therefore, this paper discusses the
YAP/TAZ-binding proteins, involved pathways, and related pathological
processes in the development of inflammatory bowel disease and
intestinal cancer disease.
Structure of a new low molecular weight Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide and improvement on immune disorders
Authors: Zhang Genlin , Song Wangdi , Shi Luyang , Wang Yunyun , Zhang Yan
Published: January 2024

Polysaccharides from Glycyrrhiza are known to have several bioactive
effects. Current studies on polysaccharides mainly focused on the
biological activity of mixed components or large molecular weight
polysaccharides. However, the structure-activity relationship between
polysaccharides and immune regulation is still unclear. In this work, a
low molecular weight GP1 (6.5 kDa) mainly composed of glucose was
purified. Its backbone was determined as →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→,
→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ (9.3%), →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ and α-D-Glcp-(1→ residues.
This structure gives GP1 the good antioxidant ability (91.85%) and
phagocytic activity (129.15%) of RAW264.7 cell. Through in-vitro
simulation, it was found that GP1 could be degraded by intestinal flora,
increase the production of SCFAs by 83.44%, and promote the
proliferation of beneficial bacteria. Further studies showed that GP1
effectively increased body weight, immune organ index, and intestinal
barrier function of immunosuppressed mice. And GP1 also promoted the
proliferation of goblet cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by 31.40%,
20.61% and 50.15%, respectively. Meanwhile, GP1 also activated the
expression ofTLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 gene in the TLR signaling pathway on
the immune cell surface, thereby increasing the release of cytokines.
These results indicated that the immunomodulatory of GP1 was closely
related to intestinal flora, immune cell and TLR genes up-regulation.
Sol-Gel Assisted β-Cyclodextrin Coated MoO3-Fe3O4 Nanocomposite for Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye
Authors: Nagare Akash , Dhadage Amol , Baithy Mallesham , BHUYAN Priyanga , Gogoi Parikshit , Athare Anil , Navgire Madhukar
Published: January 2024

In this work, series of β-Cyclodextrin coated MoO3-Fe3O4 nanocomposites
were successfully synthesized by using the sol-gel technique to improve
their optical properties with the photocatalytic activity of Fe3O4. The
prepared material were analyzed by using sophisticated characterization
techniques like powder XRD, FT-IR, UV-DRS, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, RAMAN, BET,
and XPS. The X-ray diffraction spectra analyzed that, it shows the
nanocrystalline nature of synthesized materials. The indirect allowed
transition optical energy band gap of nanocomposites is lies between
2.67 to 1.71 eV. The FE-SEM study revealed the nano-flakes to change
occurs in the morphology of nanocomposites sample also it gives
estimated size in between 30-50 nm. The BET analysis show mesoporous
nature of nanocomposites and XPS spectra shows the elemental composition
on surface of the synthesized sample. The proficiency of the
nanocomposites were tested for the photodegradation of the methylene
blue dye (MB) under sunlight at room temperature in presence of H2O2.
The pure MoO3 and Fe3O4 material gives 38.21 % and 77.10 %
photodegradation of MB respectively. In series lies between 5%
β-Cyclodextrin coated MoO3-Fe3O4 (5βMF) shows excellent photocatalytic
activity which degrades 91.62 % of MB at neutral pH. Thus, the
photodegradation reaction is effectively attributed to charge carrier
separation and reduced optical band gap energy due to enhanced
photocatalytic activity.
Deep Listening to the Language of Painting in Experiential Activities for Young Children
Authors: Lan Qun
Published: January 2024

This study explores deep listening to the language of painting in the
context of experiential activities for young children. By combining
structured and open-ended activities, the researchers engaged in deep
listening to the children’s painting processes and narratives, as well
as interactive exchanges centered on the themes of their artwork. The
study concludes that children’s paintings exhibit qualities of
authenticity, experientiality, and creativity. It highlights that the
influencing factors on children’s painting extend beyond mastery of
technical skills, emphasizing the importance of sensory experience,
including emotional, playful, and linguistic experiences. Furthermore,
the study demonstrates that adults who engage in deep listening to
children’s painting language can gain a better understanding of children
from their perspective, thereby providing a basis for continuous growth
activities in early childhood.
Rare Cladosporols and Spirobisnaphthalenes from the Chinese toad-derived Cladosporium cladosporioides F-10-2-A
Authors: Li Peng , Zhang Pan pan , Wang Xin Hui , Guan Jing , Guo Yu Tong , Lin Liping
Published: January 2024

Two novel cladosporol derivatives, cladosporols J−K (1−2), and three
previously undescribed spirobisnaphthalenes, urnucratins D−F (3−5), as
well as eleven known cladosporols (6−16), were characterized from
Cladosporium cladosporioides, an endophytic fungus found on the skin of
Chinese toad. Cladosporols J−K (1−2) with a single double bond have been
rarely reported, while urnucratins D−F (3−5) featured an unusual
benzoquinone bisnaphthospiroether skeleton, contributing to an expanding
category of rare natural products. Their structures and absolute
configurations were determined using extensive spectroscopic methods,
including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray
ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) analyses, as well as through
electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Biological assays revealed that
compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibitory activity against A549 cells, with
half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 28.22 μM and
32.77 μM, respectively.
“Steric armor” strategy of blue fluorescent emitters to against photooxidation-induced degradation
Authors: Wang Sha-Sha , Zhang Jing-Rui , Wang Kuan-De , Li Hao-Ran , Meng Peng-Hui , Zhou Yang , yu xiang , Wei Ying , Feng Quan-You , Kan Yu-He , Xie Linghai
Published: January 2024

Stability against oxygen is an important factor affecting the
performance of organic semiconductor devices. Improving photooxidation
stability can prolong the service life of the device and maintain the
mechanical and photoelectric properties of the device. Generally,
various encapsulation methods from molecular structure to macroscopic
device level are used to improve photooxidation stability. Here, we
adopted a crystallization strategy to allow
14H-spiro[dibenzo[c,h]a-cridine-7,9′-uorene] (SFDBA) to pack
tightly to resist fluo-rescence decay caused by oxidation. In this case,
the inert group of SFDBA acts as a “steric armor”, protecting the
photosensitive group from being attacked by oxygen. Therefore, compared
with the fluorescence quenching of SFDBA powder under two hours of
sunlight, SFDBA crystal can maintain its fluorescence emission for more
than eight hours under the same conditions. Furthermore, the
photolu-minescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of the crystalline film is
327.37 % higher than that of the amorphous film. It shows that the
crystal-lization strategy is an effective method to resist oxidation.
Primulina guarouba, a new endemic cave-dwelling species of Gesneriaceae from northern Guangxi, China
Authors: Deng Xin-Xin , Xiong Chi , Chou Wei-Chuen , Lan Ding-Jiao , Huang Zhao-Chu , Wen Fang , Lai Bi-Dan
Published: January 2024

Primulina guarouba, a new species from the limestone area of northern
Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. According to the maximum
likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analysis, it nests in a
strongly supported clade (BP = 99%) that includes P. cordifolia, P.
repanda and P. huangii. Of these, P. guarouba is similar to the P.
cordifolia in morphology, but it is easily distinguished from the latter
by some of the distinct characters in leaf blade, peduncles, bracts,
calyx, corolla, pistil.
Polymer mechanochemistry on Reactive Species Generated from Mechanochemical Reactions
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Shen Hang , Zhang Zhengbiao
Published: January 2024

Polymer mechanochemistry on reactive species has attracted more and more
attentions over the past 20 years, as the mechanochemical generation of
reactive species has a great potential in developing different polymeric
materials for various proposes, such as stress detection, self-healing,
self-strengthening, controllable degradation and release of small
molecules. In this review, we first discuss the recent progress on
polymer mechanochemistry of the reactive species that are generated from
the mechanochemical reactions of mechanophores. Five types of reactive
species, including radical, zwitterion, ionic, carbene and neutral
intermediates, and their applications were reviewed in detail. Since
mechanochemical reactions are sensitive to the mechanophore structure
and polymer framework, we then discuss how mechanophore isomerism,
polymer structure, polymer attachment point, and polymer architecture
influence the mechanophore activation. At last, we provide our
perspectives on the polymer mechanochemistry of reactive species.
Phylogeography of sea pen Cavernularia obesa in the East China Sea: Historical expansion and Changjiang outflow barrier
Authors: Yanbin Tang , Yibo Liao , Qinghe Liu , Rongliang Zhang , Lu Shou , Chenghua Li , Jiangning Zeng
Published: January 2024

Sea-level fluctuations in the marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific
Ocean during the Pleistonene have profoundly influenced the genetic
structure of marine organisms. Previous phylogeographic studies have
mainly focused on fish and molluscs; other taxonomic groups have been
poorly studied, which restricts a comprehensive understanding of the
geogenetic patterns of marine species in this area. To precisely
understand how environmental factors and historical events shape the
population structure of the sea pen Cavernularia obesa in the
East China Sea, we determined partial nucleotide sequences of the
mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in 71 individuals
from five sites. Results of population Genetic and demographic analyses
revealed a low genetic diversity within each population. Moreover, the
historical population size change showed that the populations
experienced bottlenecks during the Pleistonene. The sea level of the
East China Sea decreased by >100 m when the glacial
advanced during the Pleistonene, which caused the shrinking of habitats
for marine species and eventually resulted in low genetic diversity
within the populations in this area.
One-Pot and Mild Synthesis of Novel Antibacterial 3-(1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)isoindolin-1-ones via On-Step Four-Component Dicyclization Reaction
Authors: Sun Mei , Zeng Chong-Yang , Zhang Qiang , Xu Mai , Zhang En-Shen , Bu Lu-Lu , Gao Chao , Fan Pei , Xu Yu-Gu , Fan Mei-Xia , He Meng-Ru , Shi Jing-Hui , Miao Guo-Peng
Published: January 2024

A novel and efficient four-component dicyclization strategy has been
developed for one-step constructing diverse antibacterial
3-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)isoindolin-1-ones under very mild base-free and
metal-free conditions without other additives. This one-pot process
underwent two consecutive cyclization reactions including tandem
Ugi/aza-Wittig reaction and N-acylation by utilizing
(N-isocyanimine)triphenylphosphorane, methyl 2-formylbenzoate, primary
amines, and carboxylic acids. The method was conferred its favorable
characteristics, including ambient temperature conditions, one-step
synthesis, without any additives, facile gram-scale synthesis, and good
yields.
Biomechanical modeling of cancer - Agent-based force-based models of solid tumours within the context of the tumour microenvironment
Authors: Macnamara Cicely
Published: January 2024

Once cancer is initiated, with normal cells mutated into malignant ones,
a solid tumour grows, develops and spreads within its microenvironment
invading the local tissue; the disease progresses and the cancer cells
migrate around the body leading to metastasis, the formation of distant
secondary tumours. Interactions between the tumour and its
microenvironment drive this cascade of events which have devastating, if
not fatal, consequences for the human host/patient. Among these
interactions, biomechanical interactions are a vital component. In this
paper, key biomechanical relationships are discussed through a review of
modelling efforts by the mathematical and computational oncology
community. The main focus is directed, naturally, towards lattice-free
agent-based, force-based models of solid tumour growth and development.
In such models interactions between pairs of cancer cells (as well as
between cells and other structures of the tumour microenvironment) are
governed by forces. These forces are ones of repulsion and adhesion, and
are typically modelled via either an extended Hertz model of contact
mechanics or using Johnson-Kendal-Roberts theory, both of which are
discussed here. The role of the extracellular matrix in determining
disease progression is outlined along with important cell-vessel
interactions which combined together account for a great proportion of
Hanahan and Weinberg’s “Hallmarks of Cancer”.
Cost-effectiveness of Automated Medical Systems implementation in hospital setting: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chi junting , Niu Xiaodan , Zhang Jing , Ruan Haihui , Tao Hongxia , Wang Yanhong
Published: January 2024

Objectives: This systematic review summarized and synthesized the
available evidence to examines the cost-effectiveness of the
implementation of Automated Medical Systems. Method: PubMed, Embase, Web
of Science, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge
Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Full-text
Database (VIP), WanFang Database, China Biopharmaceutical Scientific
Literature Database (CBM) were searched from inception to February 2020.
The reference lists of eligible studies were hand searched. After two
investigators independently screened the literature and extracted the
data, the quality of the included articles was evaluated by using the
Cochrane Intervention Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, the Newcastle-Ottawa
Scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale.
Revman5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Sixteen articles
(9 interventional studies, 6 cohort studies, 1 cross-sectional study)
were finally included, 92,576 patients were included in analysis.
Meta-analysis showed that: 1) compared with the traditional method, the
incidence of adverse events (such as potential adverse drug reactions,
deep vein thrombosis, etc.) was reduced after the implementation of the
Automated Medical System (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = [0.20, 0.93]; P =
0.03); 2) the average medical costs incurred during the use of the
Automated Medical System were lower than those of the traditional method
(OR = 1.13, 95% CI = [1.02, 1.24]; P = 0.02), which was
cost-effective (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = [1.34, 3.07]; P = 0.0008); 3)
the quality-adjusted life years obtained by patients observed during the
implementation of the Automated Medical System were significantly higher
than those of the conventional medical system (OR = 1.13, 95% CI =
[1.02, 1.24]; P = 0.02). Conclusion: A multicenter, large-sample
randomized controlled trial is needed to comprehensively explore the
cost-effectiveness of Automated Medical Systems using a unified economic
evaluation model and considering all costs associated with Automated
Medical Syst
Pointwise numerical simulation of one-dimensional fractional sine-Gordon model in time-dependent variable using reproducing kernel Hilbert algorithm
Authors: Arqub omar Abu , Singh Jagdev , Alhodaly Mohammed , Hayat Tasawar
Published: January 2024

In this study, the fractional sine-Gordon model in the time-dependent
variable domain using Caputo non-integer order basis derivative is
presented. The main purpose is to utilize the adaptation of reproducing
kernel Hilbert algorithm to construct pointwise numerical solution to
variant forms of fractional sine-Gordon model in fullness of
overdetermination Dirichlet boundary condition. Allocates theoretical
requirements are employed to interpret pointwise numerical solutions to
such fractional models on the space of Sobolev. In addendum, the
convergence of the pointwise numerical algorithm and error estimates are
promoted by global convergence treatises. This handling pointwise
numerical solution depending on the orthogonalization Schmidt process
that can be straightway carried out to generate Fourier expansion within
a fast convergence rate. The soundness and powerfulness of the discussed
algorithm are expounded by testing the solvability of a couple of
time-fractional sine-Gordon models. Some schematic plots and tabulated
results outcomes signalize that the algorithm procedure is accurate and
convenient in the field of fractional sense. Ultimately, future remarks
and concluding are acted with the most focused used references.
Numerical analysis of drag and lift forces acting on a group of square cylinders at various staggered arrangements
Authors: Fezai Salwa , oueslati fakher , Ben-Beya Brahim
Published: January 2024

Two-dimensional numerical investigation is conducted for incompressible
fluid flow around staggered square cylinders at different arrangements.
The in-house code is firstly validated for flow around a single square
cylinder by comparing the results with results present in literature and
fair agreement is obtained. The calculations are carried out for several
values of Reynolds numbers (Re) ranging from 1 to 120. Aerodynamic
features, involving the lift (CL) and drag (CD) coefficients, are
predicted and analyzed for three arrangements. Besides, the physical
parameters and the flow pattern in the wake are presented by varying the
Reynolds number. Sensitivity of the CL and CD values to the change in
the arrangement of the square cylinders is analyzed. The numerical
outcomes of the present study demonstrate that changing the arrangements
of cylinders dramatically the fluctuation of the lift and drag
coefficients values relatively to each square cylinder. Moreover,
computation analysis reveals that the CD and CL evolutions depend
significantly on the different cylinder combinations and the variation
of Reynolds number as well.
Cognitive, language, and school performance in children and young adults treated for low-grade astrocytoma in the posterior fossa in childhood
Authors: Kristiansen Ingela , Eklund Cristina , Strinnholm Margareta , Strömberg Bo , Törnhage Maria , Frisk Per
Published: January 2024

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate if children treated for
pilocytric astrocytoma in the posterior fossa had late complications
affecting cognition, language and learning. Methods This descriptive
single-centre study includes 8 children and 12 adults treated as
children for pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa, with a mean
follow-up time of 12.4 (range 5-19) years. Well-established tests of
intelligence, executive, language and academic function were used.
Results Intelligence tests showed average results compared with norms.
Five patients scored <-1 SD (70-84) and 3 low average (85-92)
on full scale IQ. The patients scored average on subtests regarding
executive function, except for significantly lower results in
inhibition/switching (p= 0.004). In Rey complex figure test half of the
patients scored below – 1 SD. Language tests were normal except for
significantly lower results in naming ability (p=0.049) and in inference
(p=0.046). In academic tests, results were average, except for
significantly lower results in reading speed (p=0.024). Patients with
learning difficulties performed worse in the tests. Conclusions The
patients functional outcome was favourable but, a not-negligible part of
the patients displayed neurocognitive difficulties as revealed by
extensive neuro-cognitive and academic testing. Thus it is important to
identify those in need of more thorough cognitive and pedagogic
follow-up programs, including school interventions.
Motor performance after treatment of pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa in childhood
Authors: Kristiansen Ingela , Frykberg Gunilla , Höglund Anette , Sondell Annette , Strömberg Bo , Frisk Per
Published: January 2024

Aims The aim was to investigate if patients treated for pilocytic
astrocytoma in the posterior fossa had motor complications, including
balance, motor and process skills. Methods This descriptive
single-centre study includes 8 children and 12 adults, treated for
pilocytic astrocytoma. Motor performance was investigated with
Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition, and
dynamic balance with The Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test.
Physiological Cost Index, Six-Minute Walk Test, hand grip strength and
Assessment of Motor and Process Skills were also evaluated. Results Ten
patients reported motor difficulties, mainly from the upper limbs. The
motor performance test showed average results except manual dexterity,
which was significantly below mean (p=0.008). In the dynamic balance
test patients had significantly lower results compared with controls
(p=0.036). Physiological cost index, six-minute walk tests and hand grip
strength showed average results. In the Assessment of Motor and Process
Skills, patients over 16 years had significantly lower results for motor
ADL and 30% of all patients scored below the cut-off level for
difficulties with motor skills. Conclusions Motor performance for
patients treated for pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa is
satisfactory but some patients display difficulties with balance, manual
dexterity and ADL motor skills. Thus it is important to identify those
in need of motor follow-up and training.
Pre-existing asthma as a comorbidity does not modify cytokine responses and severity of COVID-19
Authors: Luo Jian , Chen Yi-Ling , Chen Wentao , Duncan David , Mentzer Alexander , Knight Julian , Ogg Graham , Klenerman Paul , Pavord Ian , Xue Luzheng
Published: January 2024

Background: A significant portion of COVID-19 sufferers have asthma. The
impacts of asthma on COVID-19 progression are still unclear but a
modifying effect is plausible as respiratory viruses are acknowledged to
be an important trigger for asthma exacerbations and a different,
potentially type-2 biased, immune response might occur. In this study,
we compared the blood circulating cytokine response to COVID-19
infection in patients with and without asthma. Methods: Plasma samples
and clinical information were collected from 80 patients with mild (25),
severe (36) or critical (19) COVID-19 and 29 healthy subjects at the
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. The concentrations of 51
circulating proteins in the plasma samples were measured with Luminex
and compared between groups. Results: Total 16 pre-existing asthma
patients were found (3 in mild, 10 in severe, and 3 in critical
COVID-19). The prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 severity groups did not
suggest a clear correlation between asthma and COVID-19 severity. Within
the same COVID-19 severity group, no differences were observed between
patients with or without asthma on oxygen saturation, CRP, neutrophil
counts, and length of hospital stay. The mortality in the COVID-19
patients with asthma (12.5%) was not higher than that in patients
without asthma (17.2%). No significant difference was found between
asthmatic and non-asthmatic in circulating cytokine response in
different COVID-19 severity groups, including the cytokines strongly
implicated in COVID-19 such as CXCL10, IL-6, CCL2, and IL-8.
Conclusions: Pre-existing asthma was not associated with an enhanced
cytokine response after COVID-19 infection, disease severity or
mortality.
High-Throughput Sequencing of 5S-IGS rDNA in Fagus L. (Fagaceae) reveals complex evolutionary patterns and hybrid origin of modern species
Authors: Cardoni Simone , Piredda Roberta , Denk Thomas , Grimm Guido , Papageorgiou Aristotelis , Schulze Ernst-Detlef , Scoppola Anna , Shanjani Parvin , Suyama Yoshihisa , Tomaru Nobuhiro , Worth James , Simeone Marco
Published: January 2024

Standard models of speciation assume strictly dichotomous genealogies in
which a species, the ancestor, is replaced by two offspring species. The
reality is more complex: plant species can evolve from other species via
isolation when genetic drift exceeds gene flow; lineage mixing can give
rise to new species (hybrid taxa such as nothospecies and
allopolyploids). The multi-copy, potentially multi-locus 5S rDNA is one
of few gene regions conserving signal from dichotomous and reticulate
evolutionary processes down to the level of intra-genomic recombination.
Here, we provide the first high-throughput sequencing (HTS) 5S
intergenic spacer (5S-IGS) data for a lineage of wind-pollinated
subtropical to temperate trees, the Fagus crenata – F. sylvatica s.l.
lineage, and its distant relative F. japonica. The observed 4,963 unique
5S-IGS variants reflect a long history of repeated incomplete lineage
sorting and lineage mixing since the early Cenozoic of two or more
paralogous-homoeologous 5S rDNA lineages. Extant species of Fagus are
genetic mosaics and, at least to some part, of hybrid origin.