bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethical and scientific considerations on the establishment of a controlled human infection model for schistosomiasis in Uganda: report of a stakeholders’ meeting held in Entebbe, Uganda.
Authors: Elliott Alison M. , Roestenberg Meta , Wajja Anne , Opio Christopher , Angumya Francis , Adriko Moses , Egesa Moses , Gitome Serah , Mfutso-Bengo Joseph , Bejon Philip , Kapulu Melissa , Seager Zoe , Lutalo Tom , Nazziwa Winfred Badanga , Muwumuza Asuman , Yazdanbakhsh Maria , Kaleebu Pontiano , Kabatereine Narcis , Tukahebwa Edridah
Published: August 2018

Controlled human infection (CHI) models are gaining recognition as an approach to accelerating vaccine development, for use in both non-endemic and endemic populations: they can facilitate identification of the most promising candidate vaccines for further trials and advance understanding of protective immunity. Helminths present a continuing health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Vaccine development for these complex organisms is particularly challenging, partly because protective responses are akin to mechanisms of allergy. A CHI model forSchistosoma mansoni(CHI-S) has been developed at Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands. However, responses to schistosome infections, and candidate vaccines, are likely to be different among people from endemic settings compared to schistosome-naïve Dutch volunteers. Furthermore, among volunteers from endemic regions who have acquired immune responses through prior exposure, schistosome challenge can be used to define responses associated with clinical protection, and thus to guide vaccine development.  To explore the possibility of establishing the CHI-S in Uganda, a Stakeholders’ Meeting was held in Entebbe in 2017. Regulators, community members, researchers and policy-makers discussed implementation challenges and recommended preparatory steps: risk assessment; development of infrastructure and technical capacity to produce the infectious challenge material in Uganda; community engagement from Parliamentary to grass-roots level; pilot studies to establish approaches to assuring fully informed consent and true voluntariness, and strategies for selection of volunteers who can avoid natural infection during the 12-week CHI-S; the building of regulatory capacity; and the development of study protocols and a product dossier in close consultation with ethical and regulatory partners. It was recommended that, on completion, the protocol and product dossier be reviewed for approval in a joint meeting combining ethical, regulatory and environment management authorities. Most importantly, representatives of schistosomiasis-affected communities emphasised the urgent need for an effective vaccine and urged the research community not to delay in the development process.
Laboratory growth of denitrifying water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Haridas Dhanya , Biffinger Justin C. , Boyd Thomas J. , Fulmer Preston A. , Hamdan Leila J. , Fitzgerald Lisa A.
Published: August 2018

Background: Shipwrecks serve as a rich source for novel microbial populations that have largely remained undiscovered. Low temperatures, lack of sunlight, and the availability of substrates derived from the shipwreck’s hull and cargo may provide an environment in which microbes can develop unique metabolic adaptations.  

Methods: To test our hypothesis that shipwrecks could influence the microbial population involved in denitrification when a consortium is grown in the laboratory, we collected samples proximate to two steel shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Then under laboratory conditions, we grew two independent denitrifying microbial consortia. Each consortium was grown by using the BART assay system and analyzed based on growth kinetics, ion chromatography and 16S amplicon sequencing.

Results: Both denitrifying consortia were different from each other based on varied growth profiles, rates of nitrate utilization and 16S amplicon sequencing.

Conclusions: Our observations conclude that the laboratory grown water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico are able to undergo aggressive denitrification.
The inflammation paradox: Why are Tsimane protected against Western diseases while Westerners are not?
Authors: Freese Jens , Klement Rainer Johannes , Lötzerich Helmut
Published: August 2018

We here describe two apparent paradoxes concerning high CRP levels and NCD risk. One has emerged from observational studies in the Amazon region showing that the indigenous Tsimane in Bolivia appear protected against non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases despite increased inflammatory markers. These findings stand in contrast to Western societies, where an increasing body of evidence demonstrates that low-grade-inflammation is the driver of NCDs. The second paradox has emerged from two field studies (Eifel studies) conducted in 2013 and 2014 with Westerners who returned to a simulated Palaeolithic lifestyle in a National park for 4 days. We had detected elevated inflammation markers, despite otherwise anti-inflammatory effects of these interventions as indicated by metabolic blood parameters. We here propose three hypotheses for this second inflammatory paradox.
Effectiveness of implementation of “mental health nursing students’ clinical competency model” on academic performance of nursing students
Authors: Atashzadeh-Shoorideh Foroozan , Mohtashami Jamileh , Pishgooie Seyed Amir Hosein , Jamshidi Tayebeh , Sedghi Sara
Published: August 2018

Background: Clinical nursing competence in mental health is one of the most important topics in theoretical and practical nursing training with many factors affecting it. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the implementation of the “mental health nursing students’ clinical competence model” on nursing students’ academic performance.

Methods: This study is a semi experimental following one group of student nurses. “mental health nursing students’ clinical competence model” for undergraduate nursing student’s education was applied. The study population included 50 nursing students, who were studying from fifth semester to seventh semester and selected through census sampling. During the seventh semester after the completion of theoretical and practical courses in mental health nursing, re-evaluation was conducted and the scores before and after the implementation of the clinical competence model were compared.

Results: Rate of clinical competency before the intervention, was estimated at the level of non-mastered; and after intervention was at the level of mastered, demonstrating a significant difference (p<0.001). Areas of clinical competency scores before and after the intervention were compared which showed significant difference in all the areas except the mental competency areas (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The implementation of the “mental health nursing students’ clinical competence model” and appropriate planning for achievement of mental health nursing specialized competency can ensure the achievement of clinical competency by nursing students.
Identifier Mapping in Cytoscape
Authors: Treister Adam , Pico Alexander R.
Published: August 2018

Identifier Mapping, the association of terms across disparate taxonomies and databases, is a common hurdle in bioinformatics workflows. The idmapper app for Cytoscape simplifies identifier mapping for genes and proteins in the context of common biological networks. This app provides a unified interface to different identifier resources accessible through a right-click on the table's column header. It also provides an OSGi programming interface via Cytoscape Commands and CyREST that can be utilized for identifier mapping in scripts and other Cytoscape apps, and supports integrated Swagger documentation.
Recent advances in anesthesia of the obese patient
Authors: Brodsky Jay B.
Published: August 2018

The anesthetic management of an obese patient can be challenging because of the altered anatomy and physiology associated with obesity. In this article, I review the recent medical literature and highlight some of the controversies in the airway management and drug dosing of morbidly obese patients.
NLRX1 is not involved in the host defense against Escherichia coli induced pyelonephritis
Authors: Kors Lotte , Butter Loes M. , Claessen Nike , Teske Gwendoline J.D. , Girardin Stephen E. , Florquin Sandrine , Leemans Jaklien C.
Published: August 2018

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) are one of the most prominent infections that have serious impact on kidney functioning and the development of chronic kidney disease. NOD-like receptor (NLR)X1 is an innate immune receptor that is important for immune metabolism and regulation, with as yet an unknown role in UTI and the pathophysiology of pyelonephritis.

Methods: Wild-type (WT) and NLRX1 Knock-out (KO) female mice were subjected to UTI by intravesically inoculation of uropathogenic E. coli and sacrificed at 24h and 48h after infection after which bacterial burden and the inflammatory response in the bladder and kidney were studied. Ex  vivo we studied the role of NLRX1 during the LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokine response and phagocytosis of E. coli by granulocytes and monocytes.

Results: Here, we report that during early experimental UTI NLRX1 absence reduces bacterial clearance in the bladder and dampens the inflammatory cytokine response, whereas in the kidney NLRX1 does not affect bacterial burden or cytokine response. In addition, we found that NLRX1 is not essential for the pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by granulocytes and monocytes in response to LPS nor for bacterial phagocytosis.

Conclusion: Together, we report that NLRX1 is important in enhancing the early host defense against uropathogenic E. coli in the bladder but does not affect the development of pyelonephritis.
Vyacheslav V. Ivanov (1929–2017) and his Studies in Prosody and Poetics
Authors: Pilshchikov Igor , Vroon Ronald
Published: August 2018

Vyacheslav V. Ivanov was an outstanding scholar who excelled in almost all disciplines related to linguistic and literary studies. This article analyses his accomplishments in the fields of prosody and poetics.
Pulling the Plug: The Capability to Terminate Unsuccessful Projects and Firm Performance
Authors: Guler Isin
Published: August 2018

The recent interest in learning from failure has led to repeated praise of failure as part of the innovation process. The challenges in detecting and terminating failing projects are, however, often underplayed. This study suggests that firms exhibit different propensities to terminate failing innovation projects, and this heterogeneity in part accounts for long-run performance differences between firms in industries with high rates of innovation. An empirical examination of investments in the venture capital (VC) industry shows that VC firms are heterogeneous with respect to their propensities to terminate, and provides evidence that firms with higher termination capabilities have higher performance. In contrast, management of successful projects does not explain performance differences. The findings suggest that, in innovation-intensive contexts where success is rare, the management of failing investments may be at least as important as picking and managing successes, if not more so. The study also investigates the organizational antecedents of a capability to terminate.
Impact of moisture on the corrosion behavior of copper and mild carbon steel in corn biodiesel
Authors: Cursaru Diana-Luciana , Nassreddine Salim , Riachi Bassam , Neagu Mihaela , Mihai Sonia , Matei Dănuţa , Brănoiu Gheorghe
Published: August 2018

Presence of moisture is very important for vegetable oils and for corresponding biodiesel because it may cause some problems or accelerate some issues that cannot be ignored. One of the main hindrances of biodiesel is its hygroscopic nature, which accelerates the corrosion of the fuel system of the engines. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of moisture on corn biodiesel and its susceptibility to corrosion on different automotive materials such as copper and mild carbon steel. Static immersion tests in corn biodiesel (B100) with different water concentrations (100 ppm, 500 ppm, and 700 ppm) were carried out at 90°C for 1200 h, and the results were compared to that of commercial diesel fuel (B0). After immersion tests, the surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and corrosion products were detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The total acid number (TAN) was used to evaluate the changes in acidity of fuel, before and after immersion tests. It was found that under experimental conditions, corn biodiesel is more corrosive than diesel fuel, and the moisture from corn biodiesel has a strong influence on corrosion rate on metals. Copper is more susceptible to corrosion in corn biodiesel than mild carbon steel.
In vivo analgesic effect of different extracts of Hopea odorata leaves in mice and in silico molecular docking and ADME/T property analysis of some isolated compounds from this plant
Authors: Ul Hoque Md. Sajjad , Chowdhury Mohammed Sohel , Paul Arkajyoti , Barua Jackie , Zannat Syeda Sakiatuz , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Gupta Shaibal Das , Barua Sagar , Ahmed Sabbir , Kabir Mohammad Shah Hafez
Published: August 2018

Background

The current study evaluates the analgesic effect of different extracts of Hopea odorata leaves in mice followed by molecular docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME/T) analysis of isolated compounds derived from the plant with the COX-1 enzyme.

Methods

In the present study, the dried leaves of H. odorata were subjected to extraction using methanol, ethanol, and water. In vivo analgesic activity was evaluated by using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced paw licking test, and in silico molecular docking and ADME/T study were performed using Schrödinger Maestro (version 11.1) and online-based tools, respectively, on eight isolated compounds.

Results

The results showed that the methanolic extract of leaves has highest significant dose-dependent analgesic activity at both 200 and 400 mg/kg followed by ethanolic extract of leaves. Among all the compounds, ampelopsin showed the best docking score of −7.055, ensuring strong binding affinity between the ligand and the receptor, and ADME/T analysis using Web-based tools ensures the compound has not violated Lipinski’s rule of five indicating its safety consumption.

Conclusions

The result confirms the analgesic activity of H. odorata leaves in both in vivo and in silico assays. The data support ampelopsin to be a potent analgesic compound worthy of future clinical trials and its “drug-likeliness”
A multi-parameter generalization of the symmetric algorithm
Authors: Ramírez José L. , Shattuck Mark
Published: August 2018

The symmetric algorithm is a variant of the well-known Euler-Seidel method which has proven useful in the study of linearly recurrent sequences. In this paper, we introduce a multivariate generalization of the symmetric algorithm which reduces to it when all parameters are unity. We derive a general explicit formula via a combinatorial argument and also an expression for the row generating function. Several applications of our algorithm to the q-Fibonacci and q-hyper-Fibonacci numbers are discussed. Among our results is an apparently new recursive formula for the Carlitz Fibonacci polynomials. Finally, a (p, q)-analogue of the algorithm is introduced and an explicit formula for it in terms of the (p, q)-binomial coefficient is found.
Dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem em centro cirúrgico de um hospital universitário
Authors: Rafaeli Candido Pedro Danielli , Campos de Oliveira João Lucas , Tonini Nelsi , Gonçalves de Oliveira Azevedo Matos Fabiana , Lazzari Nicola Anair
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: dimensionar o quadro de pessoal de enfermagem de um Centro Cirúrgico e compará-lo ao quadro real. Métodos: pesquisa transversal, retrospectiva, documental e quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados entre fevereiro a abril de 2017, referentes às características sociodemográficas e clínicas dos pacientes; e de porte cirúrgico conforme número de horas de enfermagem no centro cirúrgico da amostra (n=1097) de procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos (n=1006) e sítios funcionais nas operações de emergência (n=45). Resultados: procedeu-se análise estatística descritiva, utilizando equações próprias do dimensionamento de pessoal em centro cirúrgico, conforme a Resolução do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem nº543/2017. O quadro dimensionado se constituiu de 16 profissionais para a assistência ininterrupta no centro cirúrgico, sendo que o quadro real era constituído de 26 profissionais. Conclusão: há superávit de profissionais técnicos e déficit de enfermeiros na unidade.
Diabetes Gestacional e estado nutricional materno em um hospital universitário de Niterói
Authors: Guerra Juliana Vidal Vieira , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Branco Maria Bertilla Lutterbach Riker , Marchiori Giovanna Rosário Soanno , Santos Márcia Vieira dos
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: identificar o número de casos de diabetes gestacional e correlacionar estado nutricional pré-gestacional e diabetes mellitus gestacional em mulheres atendidas no ambulatório de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia de um Hospital Universitário em Niterói, Brasil. Método: transversal, analítico e retrospectivo. Pesquisa realizada em prontuários de mulheres assistidas durante o parto no ano de 2013, que realizaram no mínimo uma consulta de pré-natal na unidade. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o software estatístico Stata 20.0, considerando nível de significância de 5%. Aprovado pelo Comitê de ética em pesquisa sob parecer 1.354.164/2015. Resultados: 14% (n=25) desenvolveram diabetes gestacional; 24% iniciaram a gestação com sobrepeso e 29,5%, com obesidade. Conclusão: estudos que evidenciam o número de casos do diabetes gestacional a associação a fatores de risco, são importantes, principalmente para melhoria da assistência prestada e elaboração de novas estratégias de cuidado.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO DESIGN E DA PRECIFICAÇÃO EM MENUS NA DECISÃO DE COMPRA DO CONSUMIDOR/THE INFLUENCE OF DESIGN AND PRICING IN MENUS IN CONSUMER BUYING DECISION
Authors: Lufchitz Vitor Hahn Monteiro , Castro Junior Deosir Flávio Lobo , Mondo Tiago Savi , Abreu Jean Carlos de , Martino Flávio Augusto
Published: August 2018

Este estudo possui o objetivo de identificar a relação do design de menu, mais especificamente as descrições complexas de itens, na expectativa de qualidade do composto de produto (menu) da empresa Comfort Chef e em relação da precificação na decisão de compra do consumidor. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se uma plataforma on line com antigos e potenciais clientes da empresa. Pesquisa quantitativa realizou a análise univariada, por meio da frequência. Corroborando com a literatura existente, pôde-se verificar que a descrição complexa dos itens afeta a percepção de qualidade e as expectativas de preço do menu. Nesse contexto, o estudo aponta para a influência do design de menu sobre as vendas, o qual contribui positivamente para o sucesso financeiro de negócios no setor de alimentos e bebidas. Em relação à precificação, teoricamente os clientes da empresa estariam dispostos a pagar mais do que o preço objetivo (real) dos menus, entretanto, ficariam mais satisfeitos caso a empresa praticasse preços menores do que os praticados hoje.
Differentiation in Theta and Beta Electrocortical Activity between Visual and Physical Perturbations to Walking and Standing Balance
Authors: Peterson Steven M. , Ferris Daniel P.
Published: August 2018

Human balance is a complex process in healthy adults, requiring precisely timed coordination among sensory information, cognitive processing, and motor control. It has been difficult to quantify brain dynamics during human balance control due to limitations in brain-imaging modalities. The goal of this study was to determine whether by using high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and independent component analysis, we can identify common cortical responses to visual and physical balance perturbations during walking and standing. We studied the responses of 30 healthy young adults to sensorimotor perturbations that challenged their balance. Subjects performed four 10 min trials of beam walking and tandem stance while either being mediolaterally pulled at the waist or viewing brief 20° field-of-view rotations in virtual reality. We recorded high-density EEG, motion capture, lower leg electromyography (EMG), and neck EMG. We hypothesized that both physical pull and visual rotation perturbations would elicit time–frequency fluctuations in theta (4–8 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) bands, with increased occipito-parietal activity during visual rotations compared with pull perturbations. Our results confirmed this hypothesis. For both perturbations, we found early theta synchronization and late alpha–beta (8–30 Hz) desynchronization following perturbation onset. This pattern was strongest in occipito-parietal areas during visual perturbations and strongest in sensorimotor areas during pull perturbations. These results suggest a similar time–frequency electrocortical pattern when humans respond to sensorimotor conflict, but with substantive differences in the brain areas involved for visual versus physical perturbations. Our findings may have important implications for assessing and training balance in individuals with and without motor disabilities.
Stress and glucocorticoid receptor regulation of mitochondrial gene expression
Authors: Lapp Hannah E , Bartlett Andrew A , Hunter Richard G
Published: August 2018

Glucocorticoids have long been recognized for their role in regulating the availability of energetic resources, particularly during stress. Furthermore, bidirectional connections between glucocorticoids and the physiology and function of mitochondria have been discovered over the years. However, the precise mechanisms by which glucocorticoids act on mitochondria have only recently been explored. Glucocorticoids appear to regulate mitochondrial transcription via activation of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) with elevated circulating glucocorticoid levels following stress. While several mechanistic questions remain, GR and other nuclear transcription factors appear to have the capacity to substantially alter mitochondrial transcript abundance. The regulation of mitochondrial transcripts by stress and glucocorticoids will likely prove functionally relevant in many stress-sensitive tissues including the brain.
On nonlocal boundary value problem for the equation of motion of a homogeneous elastic beam with pinned-pinned ends
Authors: Goy T.P. , Negrych M. , Savka I.Ya.
Published: August 2018

In the current paper, in the domain $D=\{(t,x): t\in(0,T), x\in(0,L)\}$ we investigate the boundary value problem for the equation of motion of a homogeneous elastic beam $$ u_{tt}(t,x)+a^{2}u_{xxxx}(t,x)+b u_{xx}(t,x)+c u(t,x)=0, $$ where  $a,b,c \in \mathbb{R}$, $b^2<4a^2c$, with nonlocal two-point conditions $$u(0,x)-u(T, x)=\varphi(x), \quad u_{t}(0, x)-u_{t}(T, x)=\psi(x)$$ and local boundary conditions $$u(t, 0)=u(t, L)=u_{xx}(t, 0)=u_{xx}(t, L)=0.$$ Solvability of this problem is connected with the problem of small denominators, whose estimation from below is based on the application of the metric approach. For almost all (with respect to Lebesgue measure) parameters of the problem, we establish conditions for the  solvability of the problem in the Sobolev space. In particular, if $\varphi\in\mathbf{H}_{q+\rho+2}$ and $\psi \in\mathbf{H}_{q+\rho}$, where $\rho>2$, then for almost all (with respect to Lebesgue measure in $\mathbb{R}$) numbers $a$ exists a unique solution $u\in\mathbf{C}^{\,2}([0,T];\mathbf{H}_{q})$ of the problem considered.
Wiman's inequality for analytic functions in $\mathbb{D}\times\mathbb{C}$ with rapidly oscillating coefficients
Authors: Kuryliak A.O. , Tsvigun V.L.
Published: August 2018

Let $\mathcal{A}^2$ be a class of analytic functions $f$ represented by power series of the from $$ f(z)=f(z_1,z_2)=\sum^{+\infty}_{n+m=0}a_{nm}z_1^nz^m_2$$ with the domain of convergence $\mathbb{T}=\{ z\in \mathbb{C}^2 \colon |z_1|<1, |z_2|<+\infty \} $  such that $\frac{\partial}{\partial z_2}f(z_1,z_2)\not\equiv0$ in $\mathbb{T}$ and there exists $r_0=(r^0_1, r^0_2)\in [0,1)\times[0,+\infty)$ such that for all $r\in(r^0_1,1)\times(r^0_2,+\infty)$ we have $ r_1\frac{\partial}{\partial r_1}\ln M_f(r)+\ln r_1>1, \ $ where $M_f(r)=\sum_{n+m=0}^{+\infty}|a_{nm}|r_1^nr_2^m.$ Let $K(f,\theta)=\{f(z,t)=\sum_{n+m=0}^{+\infty}a_{nm}e^{2\pi it(\theta_n+\theta_m)}:t\in \mathbb{R}\}$ be class of analytic functions, where $(\theta_{nm})$ is a sequence of positive integer such that its arrangement $(\theta^*_k)$  by increasing  satisfies the condition $$ \theta^*_{k+1}/\theta^*_{k}\geq q>1, k>0.  $$ For analytic functions from the class $\mathcal{K}(f,\theta)$ Wiman's inequality is improved.
Percepciones sobre discapacidad: implicaciones para la atención educativa del estudiantado de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Fontana-Hernández Angélica , Vargas-Dengo Marie Claire
Published: August 2018

Este artículo se deriva de la investigación del Proyecto Percepciones y realidades en la atención de las necesidades educativas: Propuesta de desarrollo profesional y su implementación en la Universidad Nacional en Costa Rica(Código 0524-10). El enfoque investigativo es cualitativo y el objetivo general del estudio es analizar las percepciones y construcciones del personal académico sobre la discapacidad y sus implicaciones en la atención educativa. Se utilizaron distintas técnicas investigativas tales como el cuestionario y las frases incompletas. Se contó de 427 participantes del personal académico de esta institución universitaria. Se emplea la triangulación de la información con el fin de analizar la información desde los aspectos convergentes y divergentes entre participantes en los temas abordados que se contrastan con la teoría indagada. Los resultados arrojan que, en el contexto de dicha universidad, las construcciones conceptuales sobre discapacidad se elaboran desde un enfoque tradicional a partir de la percepción de la discapacidad como una condición individual centrada en la persona. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se justifica la importancia de implementar una estrategia de actualización del personal académico de la institución sobre los principios de la educación inclusiva y la inclusión de la persona con discapacidad con la finalidad de generar un cambio en la didáctica universitaria y las prácticas pedagógicas inclusivas.
Efficacy of Propranolol Between 6 and 12 Months of Age in High-Risk Infantile Hemangioma
Authors: Baselga Eulalia , Dembowska-Baginska Bozenna , Przewratil Przemysław , González-Enseñat María Antonia , Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Torrelo Antonio , López Gutiérrez Juan-Carlos , Rychłowska-Pruszyńska Magdalena , de Lucas-Laguna Raúl , Esteve-Martinez Altea , Roé Esther , Zaim Mohammed , Menon Yoann , Gautier Stéphanie , Lebbé Geneviève , Bouroubi Athmane , Delarue Alain , Voisard Jean-Jacques
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

There is no consensus on optimal treatment duration for propranolol in infantile hemangioma (IH). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral propranolol solution administered for a minimum of 6 months up to a maximum of 12 months of age in high-risk IH.

METHODS:

This single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study was conducted in patients aged 35 to 150 days with high-risk IH in 10 hospitals between 2015 and 2017. The study comprised a 6-month initial treatment period (ITP) plus continuation up to 12 months of age if complete success was not achieved, a follow-up, and a retreatment period. Patients received oral propranolol twice daily (3 mg/kg per day). The primary end point was the success rate at the end of the ITP. Furthermore, the persistence of IH response and efficacy of retreatment was evaluated.

RESULTS:

The success rate after 6 months of treatment was 47%, increasing to 76% at the end of the ITP. Of the patients who achieved success, 68% sustained success for 3 months without treatment, and 24% required retreatment. Of the 8 patients who were retreated, 7 achieved success. Adverse events, reported by 80% of patients, were mild, which were expected in this population or known propranolol side effects.

CONCLUSIONS:

Oral propranolol administered beyond 6 months and up to 12 months of age meaningfully increases the success rate in high-risk IH. Success was sustained in most patients up to 3 months after stopping treatment. Retreatment was efficacious, and the safety profile satisfactory.
Transformation of the civil service in the context of the latest challenges of exogenous nature
Authors: Syvyi R. P.
Published: August 2018

The article notes that the unsolved problem for the civil service system is the problem of determining its priority tools that can ensure the effectiveness and effectiveness of the national system of public administration in Ukraine. Periodization of system parameters of the civil service based on the newest exogenous challenges is carried out. Priority tools of the civil service for implementation in the civil service in Ukraine are substantiated.The state target program as a public service tool is described. The principles are set out, the implementation of which will ensure its success, namely: orientation of the program on the final result; a systematic approach to program management at all stages of its implementation; providing the program as a single entity for managing the necessary personnel, material, financial and other resources. The communication field of activity is defined as a separate instrument for transforming the civil service. A separate context for the transformation of civil service tools is the use of international technical assistance tools of the European Union. Features of the implementation of a specific instrument of public service government are generalized.
МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД ОЦІНЮВАННЯ КРЕДИТНОГО РИЗИКУ В СИСТЕМІ УПРАВЛІННЯ БАНКІВСЬКОЮ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ
Authors: Onufrienko M.P.
Published: August 2018

Проаналізовано методи оцінювання кредитного ризику, що використовуються у міжнародній банківській практиці. Розроблено зведену таблицю спільних і відмінних характеристик міжнародних методів оцінювання кредитного ризику, на основі якої чітко видно основні критерії, які використовують під час оцінювання кредитного ризику в країнах світу.
ДИНАМІКА ЛІСОВОГО ФОНДУ ДЕРЖАВНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА "ВИЩЕ-ДУБЕЧАНСЬКЕ ЛІСОВЕ ГОСПОДАРСТВО"
Authors: Yukhnovskyy V.Yu. , Urlyuk Yu.S. , Holovetskyy M.P.
Published: August 2018

Проаналізовано динаміку лісового фонду ДП "Вище-Дубечанське лісове господарство" за 50-річний період. Лісорослинні умови господарства найсприятливіші для вирощування сосни звичайної, насадження якої зростають на площі 18385,0 га, що становить 68,6 % від площі лісових ділянок. За даними останнього лісовпорядкування, захисні ліси з категорією водоохоронні насадження займають домінуюче положення. Питома вага ділянок, вкритих лісовою рослинністю, становить 92,2 %, а вкритих лісом – 87,0 % від загальної площі. До захисних лісів віднесено 26697,0 га (92,7 %). На експлуатаційні ліси припадає лише 2105,7 га або 7,3 % від загальної площі лісового фонду.
ВМІСТ 4,4-ДИХЛОРДИФЕНІЛТРИХЛОРЕТАНУ ТА ЙОГО ПОХІДНИХ У МОЛОЦІ КОРІВ СКВИРСЬКОГО РАЙОНУ ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД ЙОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ ТА ПОРИ РОКУ
Authors: Karaulna V.M.
Published: August 2018

Представлено результати дослідження щодо визначення вмісту хлорорганічних пестицидів, ДДТ та його метаболітів у зразках молока, які відібрано у населених пунктах (села Мовчанівка, Ленінське, Малі Лисівці, Великополовецьке, Пустоварівка) Сквирського р-ну Київської обл. А також проаналізовано вміст жиру та білка в молоці у зимовий та літній періоди року. Встановлено, що у зимовий період із підвищенням вмісту жиру у молоці зростає концентрація ДДТ та його похідних. Вміст хлорорганічних сполук у молоці корів не перевищував максимально допустимого рівня.
ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЙМОВІРНОСТІ ЕЛЕКТРОКОРОЗІЇ ТРУБОПРОВОДІВ У РІЗНИХ ТИПАХ ҐРУНТІВ
Authors: Pruslipska G.M.
Published: August 2018

Аналіз проблеми впливу змінного струму на трубопроводи дає змогу зробити висновки про те, що цей процес вивчено частково. Актуальним і найбільш надійним способом детального вивчення електрокорозії змінним струмом трубопроводів у ґрунтових умовах є використання комплексного підходу, що базується на аналітичному вирішенні цієї проблеми та проведенні експериментальних досліджень. Визначено рівень впливу основних фізичних факторів, таких як наведена напруга, електричний опір ґрунтового електроліту – на величину густини змінного струму та залежність зростання її значення від площі дефекту у захисному покритті.
Архітектурно-планувальні особливості формування вуличних насаджень міста Львова
Authors: Kurnytska M. P.
Published: August 2018

Проаналізовано принципи, прийоми та планувальні особливості озеленення вздовж основних вулиць Франківського району Львова. Здійснено огляд сучасних досліджень у сфері вуличного озеленення. Наведено технічну характеристику десяти вулиць міста за їх параметрами, планувальною структурою та орієнтацією за сторонами світу. Вивчено породний склад рядових посадок, який загалом налічує 20 видів дерев. Проаналізовано їх розміщення, умови зростання, кількісні та якісні показники озеленення досліджених об'єктів. Виявлено присутність у цьому районі всіх найтиповіших прийомів вуличного озеленення. Найчастіше трапляються посадки одного ряду дерев між проїзною частиною і тротуаром чи лише смуги газону. Значне переважання дерев у лунках виявлено за умов щільної забудови району. Встановлено залежність рівня озеленення обраних вулиць від характеру і часу забудови: у старій частині довжина ділянок дороги зі зеленими насадженнями змінюється в межах 46,1–60,6 %, тоді як нові мікрорайони з магістральними дорогами добре озеленені майже по всій довжині. Виявлено порушення щодо розмірів садивних площ, а також розташування насаджень вздовж вулиць. Оцінено функціональну здатність придорожніх зелених смуг. Зафіксовано проблеми під час проектування нових посадок. Узагальнено основні недоліки озеленення вздовж відібраних для дослідження вулиць.
Vers des fondements de la rationalité complexe pour l’analyse de la politique publique : les avatars du processus décisionnel
Authors: Mballa Louis Valentin
Published: August 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de scruter les rationalités inhérentes dans le cycle des politiques publiques, afin de pouvoir poser les fondations d’une approche de la rationalité complexe. Pour étayer ce cheminement, nous nous sommes appuyés sur une méthode analytiquesynthétique à travers laquelle nous avons défini les unités d’analyse des politiques publiques. En ce sens, l’innovation, l’originalité et la pertinence scientifique de cet article résident sur le fait qu’une approche systémique des politiques publiques facilite et renforce le travail interinstitutionnel ; surtout, entre les secteurs public et privé. Ceci, sans aucun doute, contribue à apprécier les impacts des politiques publiques dans la vie quotidienne des citoyens.
Redes de poder y política social para la vejez: Colombia 2000-2009
Authors: Arrubla Deisy
Published: August 2018

En los años noventa el gobierno colombiano realizó la reforma del sistema de pensiones e introdujo el ahorro individual. La reforma pese a haber sido estudiada, se descuida al develar la organización del proceso político que subyace a la Política Social de Vejez (PSV). Cabe preguntar: ¿cuáles son las fuentes de poder y cómo este se organiza? Se realizó un estudio de caso, se analizaron 78 anteproyectos de ley presentados en el Congreso de la República entre el año 2000 y 2009. Los resultados describen la organización del poder político, la conformación de la Coalición política, una red económica, la sostenibilidad fiscal y la vejez merecedora de la pobreza. Se discute que el poder político logra sus objetivos por el establecimiento de un poder estructural del Estado que articula la red ideológico-económica y penetra la vida cotidiana de las personas. Este es un aporte en la comprensión de la organización del poder del Estado y la PSV.
Las nuevas ciencias de política pública: combinando la ciencia cognitiva de la decisión, las múltiples teorías del contexto y el análisis básico y aplicado
Authors: Cairney Paul , Weible Christopher , Vieira Juan Guillermo , Olis Jhoan Sebastián
Published: August 2018

Es hora de imaginar unas nuevas ciencias de política pública. El mundo de la elaboración de políticas ha avanzado desde su primer diseño. Así también nuestra comprensión del mismo. Las ciencias de políticas públicas originales fueron contextualizadas, orientadas a la solución de problemas, multi-métodos y se centraron en la utilización de la investigación científica para lograr una mejora de la dignidad humana. En este texto introducimos unas nuevas ciencias de política pública basada en tales objetivos. Exponemos la necesidad de descripciones realistas de la elección “racional” e “irracional”, de múltiples teorías para interpretar la naturaleza multifacética de contextos complejos y de la combinación de investigación aplicada y básica. Para establecer esta nueva agenda, nos basamos en dos estrategias principales: identificar los avances en la psicología de la toma de decisiones y describir cómo las teorías de política pública ilustran la psicología de la elaboración de políticas en contextos complejos.
Characteristics of Biochars from Plant Biomass Wastes at Low-Temperature Pyrolysis
Authors: Septiana Liska Mutiara , Djajakirana Gunawan , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: August 2018

The effects of biochar as soil ameliorants depend on their characteristics that are influenced by the variation in biomass origin and pyrolysis process. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical and physical characteristics of seven biochar derived from different biomass wastes - rice husk, corn cob, empty oil palm fruit bunch, bagasse, and sawdust of albazia (Albizzia falcataria), maesopsis (Maesopsis eminii), and mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) at two low-pyrolysis temperatures (250 and 350 oC). The results showed that the percentage of biochar yield decreased at higher temperature level. However, the increased thermal decomposition of plant biomass wastes (at 350 oC) resulted in higher pH, as well as ash, C, N content of the biochar; but it did not significantly affect nutrient availability. Biochar from wood waste had more C and Ca content. Biochar from rice husk produced the highest ash content, while biochar from empty oil palm fruit bunch yielded the highest pH value, and possessed more nutrients than all the others.  Increasing pyrolysis temperature from 250 to 350 oC resulted in greater biochar surface area and total pore volume but produced smaller average pore radius.
The Effects of Rice Husk Ash and Dolomite on Soybean Yield at Latosol Soil
Authors: Perdanatika Aditya , Suntoro Suntoro , Pardjanto Pardjanto
Published: August 2018

The aim of this research is to evaluate the effects ofrice husk ash and dolomite application on soybean yield at latosol soil. This research was conducted at a plastic house from September to December 2016. This research employed Factorial Randomized Complete Design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the dosage of rice husk ash, consisted of four levels (0 (control), 3.75 ton ha-1, 7.5 ton ha-1 and 15 ton ha-1), and the second factor is the dosage of dolomite consisted of three levels (0 (control), 250 and 500 kg ha-1, respectively). The results found that the application of 15 tons ha-1 rice husk significantly affected the number of full pods and total pods, but did not affect the number of the empty pods. The application of 3.75 tons ha-1 husk ash increased the seed weight and weight of 20 dry seeds. It was also found that the higher the rice husk ash dose applied, the more root nodules produced.
Characterization of Humic Substance Extracted from Andisols, Spodosols, Peat, and Lignite
Authors: Rahmi Eka , Suwardi Suwardi , Sumawinata Basuki
Published: August 2018

Soil and other materials with high C-organic content are potential natural sources of humic substances. Until now the differences in the characteristics of such humic substances that are extracted from different sources have not been widely studied. Thus, this study was aimed to characterize humic substances extracted from andisols, spodosols, peat, and lignite. The highest C-organic (48.8%) and N (7.6%) were obtained from peat and spodosols, respectively. The andisols humic substance produced the highest total acidity (6.52 cmol kg-1). Humic substance extracted from spodosols was a mostly aliphatic group and phenolate –OH, while that of andisols and lignite contained more aromatic group and phenolate –OH, whereas the humic substance from peat was a predominantly aliphatic group and –COOH. The surface morphology of the humic substances observed using SEM showed varying densities and shapes due to differences in their respective degree of decomposition and the formation process involved. There has been significant interest in investigating the different characteristics of the humic substance. The type humic substances are important to be known considering of their positive effects on soil fertility and plant growth and development.
APPLICATION OF ADVANCED MECHANICAL MODELS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DIKES, REVETMENTS, EMBANKMENTS AND PORT YARD IN NAM DINH VU - HAI PHONG AREA
Authors: Duong Nguyen Thi Bach
Published: August 2018

To apply advanced models for design and construction of dykes, revetments, embankments and port yard in Nam Dinh Vu - Hai Phong area, it is necessary to determine parameters of these models such as Hardening Soil Model (HS) and Soft Soil Model (SS). These can be determined through correlation parameters by available soil test as the fastest approach if we do not have direct experiments. This article defines and predicts the soil characteristics of the HS and SS in Nam Dinh Vu site, additionally it introduces the application of these parameters to the design of a typical dike section of Nam Dinh Vu dike.
ESTABLISHING THE SCHEME OF THE FAULTS IN SOUTH CENTRAL COASTAL REGION ON THE BASIS OF INTERPRETING THE GEOLOGICAL-GEOPHYSICAL DATA
Authors: Thanh Bui Nhi , Hung Duong Quoc , Luong Nguyen Van , Diep Nguyen Van , Dong Mai Duc , Xuan Bui Thị Thanh , Thanh Nguyen Kim
Published: August 2018

The scheme of the faults in South Central coastal region was established on the basis of interpreting the high resolution shallow seismic data and the deep-seismic data, in combination with the previous studies on geodynamics, tectonic evolution, geological hazards of the South Central coastal region. The fault systems were formed based on updated geophysical, geomorphological, tectonophysic and remote sensing data, including 19 faults in 3 directions: Sub-longitudinal (8 faults), NE-SW (7 faults) and NW-SE (4 faults).
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF BREAKWATER ON EROSION-DEPOSITION PROCESSES IN TAM QUAN RIVER MOUTH, BINH DINH PROVINCE
Authors: Anh Vu Tuan
Published: August 2018

After the establishment of breakwater at Tam Quan river mouth in 2009, this area has been deposited quickly, especially in the rainy season (coinciding with northeast monsoon). The processes of litho-hydrodynamics and erosion-deposition change clearly over seasons. In the rainy season (September to December) prevailing wind directions are NE, NNE, N and NW. Most wind speeds range from level 2 to level 5. Waves generated by NE, N winds have the most impact on the Tam Quan river mouth. During propagation into the channel the waves reduce rapidly and tend to push the bed material from the sea to the channel that causes the alternate deposition and erosion in the river mouth and channel. Currents carry bed material from the river to the sea and cause the alternate deposition and erosion in the channel. Bed materials are accumulated in an arc-shaped area around the mouth. In the dry season (January to August) prevailing wind directions are SE, SSE and S, and wind speeds are rather small, from level 2 to level 4. The E wind has a low frequency but generates waves that cause direct impacts on the studied area. The wave height reduces rapidly during transmitting into the channel. The waves generated by the SE wind tend to push bed material from the sea and around Truong Xuan cape to the channel, then accumulating in the mouth. Wave-currents formed along the northern shore bring the materials to accumulate in the channel center. Currents just cause bed materials to move at the time of strong ebb-tide and then accumulate on a large area at the mouth, but with negligible intensity. Calculation results of the bed evolution from 15/12/2014 to 20/5/2015 fairly correspond with the measured results. This is the scientific basis of the solutions for long-term stability of channel.
ĐÁNH GIÁ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA MỘT SỐ GIẢI PHÁP CÔNG TRÌNH ĐẾN TRAO ĐỔI NƯỚC VÀ VẬN CHUYỂN BÙN CÁT KHU VỰC ĐẦM NẠI (NINH THUẬN)
Authors: Vinh Vu Duy
Published: August 2018

With the area of only about 700 ha, Nai lagoon has a great contribution to ecology as well as socioeconomic development of Ninh Hai disctrict and Phan Rang-Thap Cham city (Ninh Thuan province). However, the deposition tendency has occurred recently, making the lagoon shallower. It also causes the decrease in water exchange as well as environmental degradation in this area. Therefore, solutions that increase water exchange and reduce the deposition rate in the Nai lagoon are necessary. Based on the Delft3D model with MORFAC approach, this paper gives some assessments on the impact of coastal engineering solution on water exchange and sediment transport. The simulation scenarios include as extending present jetties to 165 m long, extending present jetties combined with dredging lagoon inlet, extending only northeast jetty to 260 m long combined with dredging lagoon inlet, and dredging all lagoon area. The results show that the change in water exchange is very small (almost below 1%), except in the case of dredging the entire lagoon area, water exchange decreases about 10% (due to the increase of the lagoon water volume) compared with the present. Sediment flux balance at cross-section MCI (Tri Thuy bridge) also changes slightly under influence of coastal engineering works. On the other hand, sediment flux from the coastal zone into the inlet (cross-section 2- MCII) and alongshore to Southwest (cross-section MCIII) have strongly decreased. Especially, in the scenario of extending northeast jetty combined with and dredging the inlet zone, net sediment flux into the inlet decreases from 637 m3/day to 180 m3/day (droughty year) and from 535 m3/day to 80 m3/day in the flood year.
IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES STRAINS ISOLATED FROM SAMPLES IN THE COASTAL AREA OF THANH HOA – QUANG BINH – QUANG TRI
Authors: Minh Le Thi Hong , Quyen Vu Thi
Published: August 2018

In this study, we isolated 46 strains of actinomycetes from 40 samples including: sediments, sponges, soft corals, echinoderms and starfish collected from three sea areas of Vietnam: Thanh Hoa – Quang Binh – Quang Tri. The strains were fermented in A+ medium and fermentation broths were extracted 5 times with ethyl acetate then the extracts were evaporated under reduced  pressure to yield crude extracts. Quantitative assay was used to determine MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) of extract against 7 reference strains. From the results of screening, we chose 5 strains of actinomycetes that have the highest biological activity (Code: G212, G222, G233, G227 and G241). In particular,  strains G222, G233, G227 and G241 were resistant 6/7 strains of microorganisms test, with values  MICs from 64µg/ml to 256µg/ml; Moreover, All of the five strains were highly resistant to yeast Candida albicans ATCC10231. These strains were then subjected to morphological and phylogenetic investigations based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results showed that strains G212, G222 and G227 belonged to Genus Streptomyces; strains G233 and G241 were identified as Genus Micromonospora.