bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influenza A Virus H7 nanobody recognizes a conserved immunodominant epitope on hemagglutinin head and confers heterosubtypic protection
Authors: Chen Zhao-Shan , Huang Hsiang-Chi , Wang Xiangkun , Schön Karin , Jia Yane , Lebens Michael , Besavilla Danica F. , Murti Janarthan R. , Ji Yanhong , Sarshad Aishe A. , Deng Guohua , Zhu Qiyun , Angeletti Davide
Published: January 2025

Influenza remains a persistent global health challenge, largely due to the virus’ continuous antigenic drift and occasional shift, which impede the development of a universal vaccine. To address this, the identification of broadly neutralizing antibodies and their epitopes is crucial. Nanobodies, with their unique characteristics and binding capacity, offer a promising avenue to identify such epitopes. Here, we isolate and purify a hemagglutinin (HA)-specific nanobody that recognizes an H7 subtype of influenza A virus. The nanobody, named E10, exhibits broad-spectrum binding, cross-group neutralization and in vivo protection across various influenza A subtypes. Through phage display and in vitro characterization, we demonstrate that E10 specifically targets an epitope on HA head which is part of the conserved lateral patch and is highly immunodominant upon H7 infection. Importantly, immunization with a peptide including the E10 epitope elicits cross-reactive antibodies and mediates partial protection from lethal viral challenge. Our data highlights the potential of E10 and its associated epitope as a candidate for future influenza prevention strategies.
The NE/AAT/CBG axis regulates adipose tissue glucocorticoid exposure
Authors: Boyle Luke D. , Miguelez-Crespo Allende , Paul Mhairi , Villalobos Elisa , Toews Julia N. C. , Ivatt Lisa , Nagy Boglarka , Magennis Marisa , Homer Natalie Z. M. , Andrew Ruth , Viau Victor , Hammond Geoffrey L. , Stimson Roland H. , Walker Brian R. , Nixon Mark
Published: January 2025

Corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG; SERPINA6) binds >85% of circulating glucocorticoids but its influence on their metabolic actions is unproven. Targeted proteolytic cleavage of CBG by neutrophil elastase (NE; ELANE) significantly reduces CBG binding affinity, potentially increasing ‘free’ glucocorticoid levels at sites of inflammation. NE is inhibited by alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT; SERPINA1). Using complementary approaches in mice and humans to manipulate NE or AAT, we show high-fat diet (HFD) increases the NE:AAT ratio specifically in murine visceral adipose tissue, an effect only observed in males. Notably, HFD-fed male mice lacking NE have reduced glucocorticoid levels and action specifically in visceral adipose tissue, with improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, independent of systemic changes in free glucocorticoids. The protective effect of NE deficiency is lost when the adrenals are removed. Moreover, human asymptomatic heterozygous carriers of deleterious mutations in SERPINA1 resulting in lower AAT levels have increased adipose tissue glucocorticoid levels and action. However, in contrast to mice, humans present with systemic increases in free circulating glucocorticoid levels, an effect independent of HPA axis activation. These findings show that NE and AAT regulate local tissue glucocorticoid bioavailability in vivo, providing crucial evidence of a mechanism linking inflammation and metabolism.
Towards data-driven electricity management: multi-region uniform data and knowledge graph
Authors: Hanžel Vid , Bertalanič Blaž , Fortuna Carolina
Published: January 2025

Due to growing population and technological advances, global electricity consumption is increasing. Although CO2 emissions are projected to plateau or slightly decrease by 2025 due to the adoption of clean energy sources, they are still not decreasing enough to mitigate climate change. The residential sector makes up 25% of global electricity consumption and has potential to improve efficiency and reduce CO2 footprint without sacrificing comfort. However, a lack of uniform consumption data at the household level spanning multiple regions hinders large-scale studies and robust multi-region model development. This paper introduces a multi-region dataset compiled from publicly available sources and presented in a uniform format. This data enables machine learning tasks such as disaggregation, demand forecasting, appliance ON/OFF classification, etc. Furthermore, we develop an RDF knowledge graph that characterizes the electricity consumption of the households and contextualizes it with household-related properties enabling semantic queries and interoperability with other open knowledge bases like Wikidata and DBpedia. This structured data can be utilized to inform various stakeholders towards data-driven policy and business development.
Prediction of the toughness of date palm fruit
Authors: Hassan Ahmed M. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Ghonimy Mohamed , Fathy Maher
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to predict the toughness of date palm fruit (Barhi, Saqie, and Khodry varieties) at different ripening stages (Khalal, Rutab, and Tamar) using Hertz Theory by evaluating the physical and mechanical characteristics of the fruits. Physical measurements revealed that high moisture content in the Khalal stage led to larger dimensions and mass across all varieties, with Barhi dates showing a moisture content of 63.31%, which decreased to 32.60% at Rutab as the fruit dehydrated. This moisture reduction also impacted other characteristics, such as bulk density, volume, and flesh thickness, resulting in a concentrated, denser structure in the Tamar stage. Mechanical analysis demonstrated significant softening in all varieties as they transitioned from Khalal to Rutab stages, with Barhi dates’ modulus of elasticity dropping from 548.83 to 16.72 kPa. Similarly, bioyield and rupture stress decreased, highlighting the influence of moisture loss on textural characteristics. Saqie and Khodry varieties followed similar trends, with initial softening from Khalal to Rutab, and a slight firmness increase at Tamar due to dehydration. The force-deformation curves and toughness measurements confirmed these findings, showing significant reductions in toughness from Khalal to Rutab, with a slight increase in Tamar. These results underscore the pronounced textural and structural changes as dates ripen, influencing their suitability for different applications. Also, the measured toughness (τm) closely aligned with predicted toughness (τp), with significant textural differences observed across varieties and ripening stages. For all varieties, the τp is approximately 0.00–9.24% lower than the τm. Finally, the derived equation can be used with enough confidence to theoretically predict the toughness of date palm fruit.
Experimental and numerical analysis of pGFRP and wood cross-arm in latticed tower: a comprehensive study of mechanical deformation and flexural creep
Authors: Latif Amir Abd , Ishak Mohamad Ridzwan , Razman Muhammad Rizal , Yidris Noorfaizal , Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff , Rizal Muhammad Asyraf Muhammad , Ramli Zuliskandar
Published: January 2025

The adoption of pultruded glass fibre-reinforced polymer (pGFRP) composites as a substitute for traditional wooden cross-arms in high transmission towers represents a relatively novel approach. These materials were selected for their high strength-to-weight ratio and lightweight properties. Despite various studies focusing on structures improvement, there still have a significant gap in understanding the deformation characteristics of full-scale cross-arms under actual operational loads. Existing study often concentrate on small coupon scale and laboratory condition, leaving a gap in understanding how the cross-arm behavior in full-scale acting on actual weather condition. This study aims to investigate the load-deflection and long-term creep behavior of a pGFRP cross-arm installed in a 132 kV transmission tower. The pGFRP cross-arm was load-tested on a customized rig in an open environment. Using the cantilever beam concept, deflection was analyzed and compared to wood cross-arms. Finite element analysis validated results, and long-term deformation under high-stress loads was assessed. The pGFRP cross-arms showed lower deflection at working loads compared to Balau wood, due to the latter’s higher elastic modulus and flexibility specifically at Point Y3, the critical issues necessitated reinforcement strategies. pGFRP cross-arms withstood higher bending stress, showing 32% less deflection under normal conditions and 15% less under broken wire conditions than Balau wood. Additionally, the creep strength of wood was 34% lower than that of pGFRP cross-arms. Besides that, the pGFRP cross-arm have highest elastic modulus than Balau-wood, shows that the composite cross-arm have better structural strength, resisting deformation and higher flexibility materials. Finite element analysis (FEA) confirmed these results with the relative error between them less than 1%. Consequently, the investigation into pGFRP cross-arm deformation behavior in this paper serves as a foundational framework for future research endeavors specifically for high transmission tower and other structural application.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of pain management after tonsillectomy
Authors: Geißler Katharina , Scham Daniel , Meißner Winfried , Schlattmann Peter , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: January 2025

Tonsillectomy is one of the most common operations. Tonsillectomy is also one of the most painful surgical procedures. However, there is still no satisfactory standard for postoperative pain management. Four databases (Cochrane Library, Ovid Technologies, PubMed, Web of Science) were searched for the period from 1908 to 2019. The systematic literature review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were pooled using random-effects and fixed-effects models. Randomized controlled trials, reviews and meta-analyses were included. Primary outcomes were quantitative pain intensity in the first 24 h after tonsillectomy and on days 1, 3, and 7 postoperatively. The search yielded 1594 publications, of which 111 publications with 7566 patients, both children and adults, could be included. Intraoperative medication with intravenous dexamethasone significantly reduced pain (mean difference [MD] -0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.61- -0.24). Among the local anesthetics, only the preoperative injection of levobupivacaine into the tonsillar compartment was able to provide sufficient pain reduction up to three days after tonsillectomy (MD: -1.92; 95% CI: -2.73 - -1.11). Preoperative or intraoperative administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) significantly reduced pain (MD: -0.75; 95% CI: -0.87- -0.63). Steroids and NSAIDs are an important part of pain management after tonsillectomy.
Asymptomatic infection and antibody prevalence to co-occurring avian influenza viruses vary substantially between sympatric seabird species following H5N1 outbreaks
Authors: Greco Fiona , Ravenswater Hannah M. , Ruiz-Raya Francisco , D’Avino Chiara , Newell Mark A. , Hewitt Josie , Taylor Erin , Benninghaus Ella , Daunt Francis , Goodman Gidona , Steel David , Park Jenny , Philip Emma , Thomas Saumya S. , Slomka Marek J. , Falchieri Marco , Reid Scott M. , James Joe , Banyard Ashley C. , Burthe Sarah J. , Cunningham Emma J. A.
Published: January 2025

Emerging infectious diseases are of major concern to animal and human health. Recent emergence of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) (H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b) led to substantial global mortality across a range of host species. Co-occurring species showed marked differences in mortality, generating an urgent need for better epidemiological understanding within affected populations. We therefore tested for antibodies, indicative of previous exposure and recovery, and for active viral infection in apparently healthy individuals (n = 350) across five co-occurring seabird species on the Isle of May, Scotland, during 2023, following H5N1 HPAIV associated mortality in the preceding summer. Antibody prevalence to AIV subtypes varied substantially between species, ranging from 1.1% in European shags (Gulosus aristotelis) (to H5) to 78.7% in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) (to H16 or both H13 and H16), and between 31 and 41% for three auk species (H5, H16 or both). At least 20.4% of auks had antibodies to an as yet unidentified subtype, suggesting further subtypes circulating in the population. We found low levels of active, but asymptomatic, AIV infection in individuals (1.6–4.5%), but excluded this as H5N1. Our results emphasise the importance of testing healthy individuals to understand the prevalence of co-circulating AIV subtypes in wild populations, and the potential for future reassortment events which could alter virus behaviour and impact.
Associations of serum and tissue TIMP1 with host response and survival in colorectal cancer
Authors: Kehusmaa Akseli , Tuomisto Anne , Sirniö Päivi , Karjalainen Henna , Kastinen Meeri , Tapiainen Vilja V. , Äijälä Ville K. , Tervahartiala Taina , Sorsa Timo , Rintala Jukka , Meriläinen Sanna , Saarnio Juha , Rautio Tero , Mäkinen Markus J. , Väyrynen Juha P.
Published: January 2025

Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) is a multifaceted, cytokine-like bioactive molecule whose levels are elevated in a wide range of inflammatory diseases and are associated with prognosis. Additionally, TIMP1 may play a role in driving systemic inflammation. TIMP1 immunohistochemistry and TIMP1 serum concentrations were analyzed in a cohort of 776 colorectal cancer patients. TIMP1 histoscore by cell type (tumor cell, other) was quantified using digital image analysis. Serum TIMP1 levels were evaluated for correlations with tumor TIMP1 expression, and their associations with tumor characteristics, inflammation, and prognosis were investigated. High serum TIMP1 concentrations associated with shorter overall survival (multivariable HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.30–2.65). Serum TIMP1 levels positively correlated with markers of systemic inflammation and tumor necrosis percentage but not with TIMP1 expression in tumor tissue. High TIMP1 intensity in tumor stroma associated with longer cancer-specific and overall survival in univariable analysis but not in multivariable models. T cell densities in tumor tissue positively correlated with tumor stromal TIMP1 expression and negatively with tumor epithelial TIMP1 expression. Serum TIMP1 levels show promise as a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer and correlate with systemic inflammatory markers, but do not correlate with TIMP1 expression in tumor tissue.
Transcriptome-wide association study identifies genes associated with bladder cancer risk
Authors: Li Siting , Gui Jiang , Karagas Margaret R. , Passarelli Michael N.
Published: January 2025

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have detected several susceptibility variants for urinary bladder cancer, but how gene regulation affects disease development remains unclear. To extend GWAS findings, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using PrediXcan to predict gene expression levels in whole blood using genome-wide genotype data for 6180 bladder cancer cases and 5699 controls included in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted gene-level odds ratios (OR) per 1-standard deviation higher expression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for bladder cancer risk. We further assessed associations for individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used to predict expression levels and proximal loci for genes identified in gene-level analyses with false-discovery rate (FDR) correction. TWAS identified four genes for which expression levels were associated with bladder cancer risk: SLC39A3 (OR = 0.91, CI = 0.87–0.95, FDR = 0.015), ZNF737 (OR = 0.91, CI = 0.88–0.95, FDR = 0.016), FAM53A (OR = 1.09, CI = 1.05–1.14, FDR = 0.022), and PPP1R2 (OR = 1.09, CI = 1.05–1.13, FDR = 0.049). Findings from this TWAS enhance our understanding of how genetically-regulated gene expression affects bladder cancer development and point to potential prevention and treatment targets.
Exploratory disproportionality analysis of potentially drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia using United States Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system
Authors: Kamath Ashwin
Published: January 2025

Drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is an uncommon adverse drug reaction. Many drugs have been reported to cause EP, the evidence mainly being in the form of case reports/case series. This study aims to conduct an exploratory analysis of the United States Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database to identify previously unknown drugs that can cause EP and supplement the available evidence for known culprit drugs. A retrospective case–noncase study was conducted using individual case safety reports (ICSRs) reported to the US FAERS from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2024. Cases of potentially drug-induced EP were identified using OpenVigil application by conducting a narrow and broad scope search using the Medical Dictionary of Regulatory Activities preferred terms. A base list of drugs described in select literature to have caused EP was used to categorize known and unknown drugs. A disproportionality analysis was performed, with a reporting odds ratio > 2, lower end of the 95% confidence interval > 1, and a minimum of 3 reported cases considered a signal of disproportionate reporting (SDR). During the study period, 8,702,548 individual case safety reports (ICSRs) were submitted to the FAERS. Of these, 855 ICSRs using the narrow scope search and 1411 ICSRs using the broad scope search reported EP. The three most commonly reported drugs with an SDR for EP using the narrow scope search were daptomycin, naltrexone, and prednisone. The most common indications for the use of the drugs were infections, immunological conditions, asthma, and central nervous system disorders. In total, there were 45 drugs with an SDR but no supporting literature evidence available. The number of drugs implicated in causing EP has increased over the years. Several antimicrobial agents, followed by drugs affecting the central nervous system and anticancer drugs, including monoclonal antibodies, can produce EP. The list of suspected drugs identified in this study, especially those with SDR and literature evidence, should be strongly considered as a possible cause in patients presenting with pneumonia not explained otherwise.
The importance of clinical experience in AI-assisted corneal diagnosis: verification using intentional AI misleading
Authors: Maehara Hiroki , Ueno Yuta , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Kitaguchi Yoshiyuki , Miyazaki Dai , Nejima Ryohei , Inomata Takenori , Kato Naoko , Chikama Tai-ichiro , Ominato Jun , Yunoki Tatsuya , Tsubota Kinya , Oda Masahiro , Suzutani Manabu , Sekiryu Tetsuju , Oshika Tetsuro
Published: January 2025

We developed an AI system capable of automatically classifying anterior eye images as either normal or indicative of corneal diseases. This study aims to investigate the influence of AI’s misleading guidance on ophthalmologists’ responses. This cross-sectional study included 30 cases each of infectious and immunological keratitis. Responses regarding the presence of infection were collected from 7 corneal specialists and 16 non-corneal-specialist ophthalmologists, first based on the images alone and then after presenting the AI’s classification results. The AI’s diagnoses were deliberately altered to present a correct classification in 70% of the cases and incorrect in 30%. The overall accuracy of the ophthalmologists did not significantly change after AI assistance was introduced [75.2 ± 8.1%, 75.9 ± 7.2%, respectively (P = 0.59)]. In cases where the AI presented incorrect diagnoses, the accuracy of corneal specialists before and after AI assistance was showing no significant change [60.3 ± 35.2% and 53.2 ± 30.9%, respectively (P = 0.11)]. In contrast, the accuracy for non-corneal specialists dropped significantly from 54.5 ± 27.8% to 31.6 ± 29.3% (P < 0.001), especially in cases where the AI presented incorrect options. Less experienced ophthalmologists were misled due to incorrect AI guidance, but corneal specialists were not. Even with the introduction of AI diagnostic support systems, the importance of ophthalmologist’s experience remains crucial.
Genetic and epigenetic characterization of sarcoma stem cells across subtypes identifies EZH2 as a therapeutic target
Authors: O’Donnell Edmond , Muñoz Maria , Davis Ryan , Bergonio Jessica , Randall R. Lor , Tepper Clifford , Carr-Ascher Janai
Published: January 2025

High-grade soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous and aggressive set of cancers. Failure to respond anthracycline chemotherapy, standard first-line treatment, is associated with poor outcomes. We investigated the contribution of STS cancer stem cells (STS-CSCs) to doxorubicin resistance. We identified a positive correlation between CSC abundance and doxorubicin IC50. Utilizing patient-derived samples from five sarcoma subtypes we investigated if a common genetic signature across STS-CSCs could be targeted. We identified Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a member of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) responsible for H3K27 methylation as being enriched in CSCs. EZH2 activity and a shared epigenetic profile was observed across subtypes and targeting of EZH2 ablated the STS-CSC population. Treatment of doxorubicin-resistant cell lines with tazemetostat resulted in a decrease in the STS-CSC population. These data confirm the presence of shared genetic programs across distinct subtypes of CSC-STS that can be therapeutically targeted.
Standardized patient profile review using large language models for case adjudication in observational research
Authors: Schuemie Martijn J. , Ostropolets Anna , Zhuk Aleh , Korsik Uladzislau , Seo Seung In , Suchard Marc A. , Hripcsak George , Ryan Patrick B.
Published: January 2025

Using administrative claims and electronic health records for observational studies is common but challenging due to data limitations. Researchers rely on phenotype algorithms, requiring labor-intensive chart reviews for validation. This study investigates whether case adjudication using the previously introduced Knowledge-Enhanced Electronic Profile Review (KEEPER) system with large language models (LLMs) is feasible and could serve as a viable alternative to manual chart review. The task involves adjudicating cases identified by a phenotype algorithm, with KEEPER extracting predefined findings such as symptoms, comorbidities, and treatments from structured data. LLMs then evaluate KEEPER outputs to determine whether a patient truly qualifies as a case. We tested four LLMs including GPT-4, hosted locally to ensure privacy. Using zero-shot prompting and iterative prompt optimization, we found LLM performance, across ten diseases, varied by prompt and model, with sensitivities from 78 to 98% and specificities from 48 to 98%, indicating promise for automating phenotype evaluation.
Neutral and ionic Co(ii) metal–organic frameworks with 2-methylimidazole and trimesate: design and evaluation for molecule encapsulation and slow release
Authors: Velazquez Garcia Jose de Jesus , de los Santos Valladares Luis , Barnes Crispin H. W. , König Sandra , Fröba Michael , Baran Volodymyr , Knjo Bassima , Khademhir Faegheh , Ekineken Aliyenur , Hain Fabienne , Carstensen Evke , Spillner Tom , Asprilla Herrera Lina , Łukaszczyk Weronika , Techert Simone
Published: January 2025

Two Co(ii) mixed-ligand metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) based on 2-methylimidazole and trimesate were synthesised at room temperature.
Phosphorous-containing, amphiphilic ABB′ copolymers as siRNA nanocarriers with enhanced stability, reduced in vitro cytotoxicity, and efficient knockdown ability for the treatment of ocular diseases
Authors: Weingarten Philipp , Lin Molly Tzu-Yu , Kränzlein Moritz , Fietz Agnes , Kachel Iris , Hurst José , Schnichels Sven , Adams Friederike
Published: January 2025

Using phosphorus-containing, cationic polymers synthesized by REM-GTP, novel siRNA delivery agents were developed that demonstrate excellent siRNA encapsulation and efficient endosomal escape and gene silencing, while showing low cytotoxicity.
Metal compounds as antimicrobial agents: ‘smart’ approaches for discovering new effective treatments
Authors: Vitali Valentina , Zineddu Stefano , Messori Luigi
Published: January 2025

Metal compounds are gaining attention as agents to address antibiotic resistance, although development faces high costs and risks of failure. Strategies like drug repurposing, combination and bioconjugation may simplify clinical translation.
Drug utilization study of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics drugs among bipolar disorder patients
Authors: Lolita Lolita , Johan Ika Meiliana
Published: January 2025

A key component of SDG 3, which is about good health and wellbeing, is mental illness. The burden of disease and mental illness is a priority for global development. Bipolar is a mental illness that causes unusual changes in mood, energy, physical activity, and concentration. Combinations of mood stabilizers and antipsychotic drugs have significantly altered the long-term prognosis for bipolar patients. This study aims to evaluate the drug utilization of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics in bipolar disorder patients. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, hospital-based cross-sectional study among bipolar patients attending the psychiatric department at Hospital X, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from January to May 2017. This study employed two methods to analyse the data: calculating the percentage of rational prescriptions and computing based on the defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 patient days. In this study, there were 28 respondents between the ages of 26 and 46, with 98 total bipolar cases. 53.6% of participants were female, while 46.4% were male. The rational use of the concurrent administration of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics to patients with bipolar disorder was as follows: 69.39% precise use, 90.82% precise dose, 98.98% precise indication, 76.53% precise patient, and 76.53% precise drug. The result showed that mood stabilizer lithium had the lowest total annual consumption of 2.15 DDD/1000 outpatient visits, and sodium divalproex had the highest total annual consumption of 26.66 DDD/1000 outpatient visits. Risperidone was the antipsychotic with the highest quantity, at 25.92% DDD/1000 outpatient visits, while trifluoperazine had the lowest, at 0.17% DDD/1000 outpatient visits.
Hematological parameters and histopathological outcomes in appendicitis patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Fatimah Bunga , Heriyanto Mochammad Junaidy
Published: January 2025

Appendicitis remains the most common cause of abdominal complaints in the emergency setting. Clinicians and surgeons often place greater reliance on ultrasonography result than on hematological parameters. This mindset may present challenges, particularly in low-resource settings. The aim of current study to investigate the correlation between hematological parameters and histopathological outcomes in patients with appendicitis. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 188 patients who underwent appendectomy and histopathological examinations. We found that there were correlations between white blood cell count (WBC) (p<0.001), platelet count (p = 0.029), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p < 0.001), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (p = 0.040), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) (p < 0.001), and percentage eosinophils (p = 0.019) with histopathological outcomes. We concluded that hematological parameters can aid clinicians and surgeons assessing appendicitis and in planning surgical procedures.
Reducing waste in the convection industry by lean six sigma and DMAIC implementation approach
Authors: Faishal Muhammad , Krisna Ratih Dewita , Maharani Khoirunnisa
Published: January 2025

Convection industries are always required to improve quality. The ABC convection industry faces several problems in the production process, such as waste product defects of up to 10%, waste over-processing, and transportation waste. This research aims to reduce the occurrence of waste in The ABC production process. The method used in this research is Lean Six Sigma and the DMAIC approach (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control), which have been proven to reduce waste. In the DMAIC stages, the fishbone diagram is used in the analysis stage to find the root of the problem, while the 5W+1H method is used in the improvement stage to provide recommendations for improvement. The improvements implemented include re-layout the sewing workstation, installing a partition on the sewing table, and adding tools such as material measuring stickers and grouping patterns based on models at the patterning and cutting workstations. The workstation space was moved to the same building to eliminate transportation waste. After the improvement, the sigma level calculation results showed an increase of 10%, from a sigma level of 3.5 to 3.9 sigma.
The effect of light and temperature in the traditional “Wedang Uwuh” ready-to-drink (RTD) beverages on color stability and brazilin content during storage
Authors: Septiyani Retnosyari , Santoso Umar , Raharjo Sri , Wikandari Rachma
Published: January 2025

Wedang uwuh, a traditional drink from Yogyakarta, has potential as a functional beverage due to its antioxidant-rich ingredients like sappan wood, ginger, and cinnamon leaves. A key challenge in developing ready- to- drink (RTD) wedang uwuh is maintaining the red color, derived from brazilin in sappan wood, which also offers strong antioxidant benefits. This study aims to determine the effects of light and temperature on wedang uwuh ready to drink on color stability and brazilin content during storage. Samples consisted of control (C) which is a commercial wedang uwuh on the market without treatment and wedang uwuh treated with water blanching (1 minute, 85°C) and cabinet drying (12 hours, 55°C). The dried powder samples were then brewed at 85°C for 20 minutes, filtered and put in clear and brown glass bottles to store at room temperature to determine the effect of light. As for temperature, the samples were stored at room temperature (30°C), cold temperature (5°C) and Air Condition (AC) temperature (16°C). The results showed that light and temperature had an effect on color stability and brazilin content during 12-day storage. The a* value which shows the degree of red color in wedang uwuh RTD drinks during storage shows a greater decrease in clear bottles of 5.29 and 4.33 in control samples and samples with treatment than in brown bottles of 4.33 and 0.78 in control samples and samples with treatment. Brazilin content also decreased more in clear bottle storage. While at temperature storage, the best results were obtained at cold temperature storage (5°C) on color stability and brazilin content during 12 days storage.
Innovation of a composter to treat a domestic waste
Authors: Asti Mulasari Surahma , Sulistyawati Sulistyawati , Wahyuni Sukesi Tri , Tentama Fatwa
Published: January 2025

Waste treatment is very important practise in a country which have high population number, such as Indonesia. Otherwise, there will be overwhelming garbage, which possibly leads to environmental and health problems. However, many people in society still have a low awareness of waste management. The complexity of managing waste is still considered not comparable to the benefits obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to offer the alternative on waste management technologies that are environmentally friendly and in accordance with the needs and economic capabilities of the community. Aims: to develop a Composter to treat a household waste in effective and safe for the community. Methods: This research develops products by making prototypes. Experimental design was used on this research that began with laboratory tests for product and functions feasibility. An environmental health risk analysis was carried out to ensure that the product was safe for public health. Results: We produced a portable Composter for using in household level. This product passed the feasibility test, function feasibility test, and environmental health risks measurement. Conclusions: A household scale portable garbage bin be able to function as a composter tank and the environmental health risks was remains acceptable when the tool was operated.
Identification of land drought potential in Blora district using NDVI and NDWI methods
Authors: Lattu Arny , Baturohmah Habi , Erfina Adhitia , Saepudin Sudin , Sembiring Falentino
Published: January 2025

The plumbing system is an inseparable part of a multi-storey building. Drought is one of the routine disasters occurring in Indonesia. The occurrence of a prolonged disaster caused by the absence of countermeasures and good handling from the government. One of the causes of the drought is seasonal change. Blora district is one of the districts in Central Java that suffers severe drought other than other areas in Central Java which has two seasons: dry season and rainy season. The turn of the season resulted in a long drought in the Blora area. The purpose of this research is to identify the possibility of drought in Blora district by looking at several variables of drought index that is, vegetation index, wetness index and rainfall. To measure the vegetation index using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) method and for measure the wetness index using NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index) method. The results of this research suggest that there is a relationship between vegetation index, wetness index and rainfall. When the value of wetness index increases then the vegetation index gets more solid. Like the data obtained in April 2016, the vegetation index in Blora District is -0.118 due to the dry season and the minimum rainfall that month.
Method validation and assessment of fatty acid content in variant types of durian (Durio zibethinus Murr) seeds in the West Bangka Area Using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry)
Authors: Guntarti Any , Edityaningrum Citra Ariani , Agustine Ayu Marliana , Syarifa Hayati , Ahda Mustofa , Nurani Laela Hayu
Published: January 2025

Durian seeds are often considered useless, but they contain fatty acids that are rich in nutrients. Therefore, this study aims to determine the validity of the test method for the content of fatty acids found in variant types of durian seeds (
Durio zibethinus Murr) in the Bangka Belitung region using GC-MS. Validation of the GC-MS method was carried out with palmitic, stearic, and oleic acid standards by assessing different parameters, namely system suitability, linearity, selectivity, accuracy, and precision with the gas chromatography method. The derivatization using Soxhlet with n-hexane and BF3-Methanol. The method validation showed that the gas chromatography method met all the parameters for each fatty acid in the form of palmitic, oleic, and stearic acids with a selectivity Rs, linearity, LoD, LoQ, RSD, and K’. Additionally, the 3 types of durian seeds contain fatty acids in the form of palmitic, oleic, stearic, and linoleic acids. The composition of palmitic acid in Tembaga, Bangkok, and Sijantung seeds was 5.160 ± 0.080, 5.057 ± 0.132, and 4.216 ± 0.099 w/w. The stearic acid content in 3 variant types of Tembaga, Bangkok, and Sijantung durian seeds include 3.182 ± 0.027, 3.755 ± 0.098, and 2.670 ± 0.032 w/w. Keywords: Durian seed; fatty acid content; gas chromatography; validation.
Trends in drug repurposing for chronic hepatitis-B infection: Bibliometric-based approach 1990-2024
Authors: Irham Lalu Muhammad , Amukti Danang Prasetyaning , Adikusuma Wirawan , Singh Dilpreet , Chong Rockie , Pranata Satriya , Khairi Sabiah
Published: January 2025

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is still a world problem today, especially in the developing countries. Until now, treatment related to CHB is still being continuously pursued using a variety of the latest approaches. One of today’s scientific efforts that can accelerate drug discovery for CHB is by using the concept of drug repurposing or drug repositioning. Our research drug trends using a drug repurposing approach for CHB from 1990-2024. To find the related data, we used some words include “drug repurposing, drug repositioning, drug retasking, drug re- profiling, drug recycling, drug redirection and therapeutic switching”. The study trends we analysed were from 1990-2024, with details of 259 documents originating from 189 journals. The types of articles nominated included 134 original articles and 105 documents review articles. The most dominant drug repurposing study trend in 2021 (46 documents), subsequently followed by 2022 (39 documents), 2020 (33 documents) and 2023 (24 documents). The countries with the highest level of paper citations related drug repurposing are the USA and Germany. our findings show a trend in studies related to the reuse of drugs for CHB in the latest of current decade showing serious focus given by scientists who are concerned about Hepatitis B
Nanogel activity of java bark extract (lannea coromandelica (houtt.) merr.) as wound healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Jumaldi Syamsy Salsabilla Riasty Putri , Nafilah Arta Dwi , Sibadu Annisa Awalia Rahma MH , Febriansyah M. Chandra , Widyaningsih Wahyu , Yuliani Sapto
Published: January 2025

Java bark (
Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr.) is used traditionally to heal wounds. In this research, nanogel made from Javanese wood bark extract (EKBKJ) was tested to see its ability to heal wounds in diabetic mice. EKBKJ nanogels were made in three different concentrations: 1%, 4%, and 7%, and tested to see their physical properties such as particle size, pH, dispersing ability, and adhesiveness. The EKBKJ nanogel activity test was carried out on six groups of mice for 14 days by monitoring the level of wound healing and visual appearance of the wound. The results showed that the three types of EKBKJ nanogel met nanogel quality standards, with 1%, 4%, and 7% nanogel able to heal wounds better than gel base in diabetic mice (p<0.05). Furthermore, 1% EKBKJ nanogel showed significantly higher healing rate compared with 4% and 7% EKBKJ nanogel. Thus, it can be concluded that 1% EKBKJ nanogel has a better effect on healing diabetic wounds.
Sustainable food management systems in pesantren
Authors: Nuryana Zalik , Haryadi Hari , Rahman Arif , Ichsan Yazida , Saifuddin Much Fuad , Aziz Muhammad Thariq , Herdian
Published: January 2025

Pesantren, Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia, play a crucial role in the education and well-being of students, making the implementation of sustainable food systems vital for enhancing food security and nutrition. This study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of sustainable food management systems in pesantren using data from the Scopus database. A total of 112 documents were analyzed using VOSViewer to visualize publication patterns, authorship, research trends, and collaboration networks. The results reveal significant contributions from various countries and institutions, with the United States leading in both publications and citations. The analysis also highlights key thematic clusters, including food security, nutrition, and sustainability. The study concludes that while there is growing academic interest in sustainable food systems in pesantren, specific research gaps remain, particularly regarding the integration of pesantren-specific contexts. This research contributes to the understanding of sustainable food practices in educational settings and provides insights for policymakers, educators, and community leaders to develop effective strategies for sustainable development and health promotion in Indonesia.
Formulation of ophtalmic vitamin A nanoemulsion with Kolliphor® EL as surfactant and transcutol as cosurfactant and hen’s egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET CAM) irritation test
Authors: Fatmawati Fatimah Siti , Saras Sukmaningrum Galuh , Vanda Pertiwi Deasy , Efiana Nuri Ari
Published: January 2025

Conventional eye drop preparations are the main choice for the treatment of eye disorders; however, they have low penetration and bioavailability. Vitamin A is nonphotostable, lipophilic, and easily degraded in the presence of oxygen. This study aimed to characterize a vitamin A ophthalmic nanoemulsion without any irritation. The nanoemulsion was prepared using a mixture of surfactant Kolliphor® EL and cosurfactant Transcutol (Smix) for F1 (1:1), F2 (1:2), and F3 (2:1). The formulas were examined by pH, optical transmission, refractive index, particle size, PDI, and Hen’s Egg Test Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) irritation tests. The selected formula was F3, with the best optical transmission (97.35 ± 0.173%), pH (4.94 ± 0.04), refractive index (1.3534 ± 0.0002), particle size (24.47 ± 1.888 nm), PDI (0.353 ± 0.02), and no irritation response. This formula shows a good potential for ophthalmic eye drop preparation.
Differences in knowledge, perception, and use of multivitamins and immunomodulators in health students and non-health students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sari Andriana , Ariyani Safira Dewi
Published: January 2025

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been designated by WHO as a global pandemic. Based on the data obtained, the proportion of COVID-19 cases in adolescents is 24.88%. This is because the youth group is considered a non-vulnerable group. One of the efforts to prevent exposure to the coronavirus is to take multivitamins and immunomodulators. This study aims to determine differences in knowledge, perception, and use of multivitamins and immunomodulators in health students and non-health students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional approach and was conducted in April-June 2021. The subjects in this study were health and non-health students who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Data analysis in this study used univariate and bivariate analysis. Data analysis was bivariate using the Independent Sample T-Test. The results showed 181 health students and 87 non-health students. The level of knowledge of health and non-health students is included in the sufficient category. Then the perception of health and non-health students shows a negative perception. Meanwhile, the level of use of health students and non-health students is the type of multivitamin or immunomodulator that is most widely used, which is generic and consumed weekly for the reason of increasing endurance. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there were differences in the level of knowledge (p = 0.000), perception (p = 0.000), and use (p = 0.000) of multivitamins and immunomodulators among health and non-health students. The conclusion of this study shows that there are differences in the level of knowledge, perception, and use of multivitamins and immunomodulators among health students and non-health students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Determination of Sun Protection Factors (SPF) of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) extract cream
Authors: Zahra Amalia Niswatuz , Widyastuti Lina , Febrianti Novi
Published: January 2025

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) has bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, and betacyanin that can work as active ingredients for sunscreen. The purposes of this study were to determine the SPF value and physical characteristics of red dragon fruit flesh extract cream. The concentrations of red dragon fruit extract used were 0.07% (F1), 0.14% (F2) and 0.28% (F3). SPF value of this cream determine by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Evaluation of the physical characteristics of the cream includes organoleptic characteristics, homogeneity, pH, physical stability, spread diameter, adhesiveness, and cream type. The results show there was a difference in SPF values in the group given the extract. F1 has the highest SPF value, namely 1.291 ± 0.007. The evaluation of physical characteristics produced a good cream preparation that met the requirements of the physical characteristics of the cream.
Analysis of the role of packaging design on brand identity with a case study of Sukabumi souvenirs “MOCHI” lampion
Authors: Pratama S Mohammad Iqbal Faiz , Nugraha Rifky , Istianah Raray
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has a very diverse cultural diversity, customs, dances, languages, folk songs, special foods, and so on. Among these variations, one of the interesting cultures is the diversity of traditional foods from various ethnic groups in Indonesia. All regional tribes in Indonesia have their own characteristics in traditional types, technology, and food packaging. In general, regional culinary products are categorized in the form of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Maflahah (2012) states that most MSME product packaging does not have an attractive, innovative and creative design. Food products that are only wrapped in transparent plastic without any labels or descriptions give an unattractive impression. MSME products must have an attractive packaging design, because one of the most important elements in product visuals is packaging. Most MSME product packaging does not have a visual element of the product in the packaging, compared to products from companies that have large capital, so the selling value and attractiveness are very This study will analyze the role of packaging design and exposure to the extent to which a packaging design is able to convey a final message/communication from producers to consumers, through semantic analysis of a product to a product identity of a product Sukabumi “Mochi Kaswari Lampion”.
Water or dry land − that is not a question for amphibious plant species
Authors: Germ Mateja , Gaberščik Alenka
Published: January 2025

Amphibious plants attract much attention due to their unique ability to live in aquatic and terrestrial environments and sustain abrupt changes of water regime in the habitat. They may colonise habitats with pronounced water level fluctuations and water /dry land interface areas. Water and air differ in many aspects, like density, buoyancy, light and thermal conditions, as well as humidity and diffusion of gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide, that all affect plant growth and development. The evolution of amphibious plant species resulted in high phenotypic plasticity that is manifested as a variety of ecophenes performing optimally in contrasting conditions. The most important adaptations are heterophylly and/or different life forms that differ at morphological, anatomical, biochemical, and physiological levels. These adaptations comprise the wide span of traits that are found in submerged and terrestrial plant species. The plasticity of amphibious plant species offers a potential to colonise water bodies where hydrology is affected by climate changes and present a unique model system where different scientific aspects of plants may be studied in genetically identical specimens.
A direct slicing method for optimized lattice structures
Authors: Foucault Gilles , Vignat Frederic , Doutre Pierre-Thomas
Published: January 2025

Previous research show that conventional CAD B-Rep methods are highly inefficient to design large lattice structures composed of several thousands of geometric primitives describing struts [2,3]. This paper aims at proposing a method for slicing directly a lattice structure represented as a skeleton: a set of struts connecting nodes, where radius can be constant (cylinder) or linear (cones). The contribution of this method is twofold (1) efficiency: the CAD B-Rep representation is replaced with the skeleton representation which is robust and requires very low resources to be generated. (2) Accuracy: The method generates the explicit and exact geometry of layers with analytic curves, enabling the export into layers with polygons having an arbitrary accuracy.