bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reference stations for Christchurch
Authors: Van Houtte C. , Ktenidou O.-J. , Larkin T. , Kaiser A.
Published: August 2019

During the Canterbury earthquake sequence, the observed level of ground motion on the soft soils of Christchurch was very strong and highly variable. Many studies are now emerging that analyse the amplification effect of these soft soils, usually by estimating a frequency-dependent amplification function relative to a rock outcrop station, or ‘reference site’. If the rock outcrop has its own amplification due to weathering or topographic effects, then the calculated amplification for the soil sites can be compromised. This study examines ten seismic stations in Canterbury to determine the best reference site for Christchurch, using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method for S-wave shaking. More broadly, this study uses HVSR to expand existing knowledge of the dynamic characteristics of seismic stations in the Canterbury area. Most rock stations show their own local amplification effects that reduce their individual ability to be used as reference stations. The recently installed Huntsbury station (HUNS) appears to be the best reference site for Christchurch, but this will need to be verified when more records become available. In the meantime, the D13C temporary station is currently the best reference station for site effect studies in both Christchurch and Lyttelton.
Value-Relevance of Accounting Information: An Empirical Investigation in Certain European Stock Exchanges
Authors: Indrayono Yohanes
Published: August 2019

This study accommodates the value-relevance of accounting information based on a sample of 165 firms listed in one of the following European stock exchanged: CAC 40, BEL 20, DAX 30, FTSE MIB 40 and IBEX 35 Stock Exchanges for the period 2013-2015. This study uses information about the accounting method of recognizing the accounting value-relevance. This study applied linear analysis-regression to investigate the accounting value-relevance information on one hundred sixty-five firms during the period of three years. This study suggests that the accounting information are value-relevant on all the observed stock exchanges. Results of the study indicates that earnings per-share and book value per-share were found to partially and simultaneously affect positively the firm stock price.
Identification of the Existing Social Problems and Proposing a Sustainable Social Business Model: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Yasmin Farhana
Published: August 2019

Social Business, comparatively as emerging concept, deals with social objective and betterment while being financially self-sufficient. The profit-maximizing orientation of traditional business firms often ends up with the exploitation of the under-privileged people of the society. Hence this research attempts to explain the prospect of implementing social business by private organizations to address those social problems which are challenging the lives of the under-privileged people of developing country like Bangladesh. The research is an exploratory qualitative research which uses in-depth interviews and survey method from 60 respondents to identify the existing major social problems and regression analysis to discuss the sustainability of social business in solving such problems. The study also proposes a financially sustainable social business model which actually combines the cause driven motive from a social perspective as well as sustainable orientation from business perspective. Finally the research initiates the necessity of implementing this mandatory drive by all socially responsible private organizations as the scopes of social business in serving the under-privileged section of the developing nation is very optimistic and optimal.
The Middle East Policy-Future Engagements of the U.S in Iran
Authors: Al-Fawwaz Abdulrahman , Abualkanam Abdallah S. , Abudalbouh Walid K.
Published: August 2019

The U.S is one of the foreign nations that have been deeply involved in the affairs of the Middle East region, particularly in Iran. The threat posed by terrorism to international peace and stability was one of the reasons why the U.S thought it wise to be involved in the affairs of the Middle East. Besides the insecurity concerns, laid the interests of the U.S in the region that is known to have vast reservoirs of oil and the leading producers of the source of energy in the world. According to the U.S, it would have been foolhardy to let the region slip into an era of political unrest as the rest of the world watched, yet the region is a source of livelihood and economies of different nations the world over because of their vast oil deposits. Consequently, the U.S drafted several measures and policies that, according to them, were aimed at restoring peace and political stability in the region. These included coalition building, supporting peace ventures, and provision of humanitarian aid. In their policies, they believed that a stable Middle East region would ensure a more stable world than was witnessed before their involvement. Despite their involvement in trying to find lasting peace in the region, the U.S has also encountered several challenges along their way that made their peace efforts slip every moment they thought they were close to finding lasting peace in the region.
The State and State Power: Theoretical and Methodological Dimensions of Conceptual Evolution
Authors: Lyubashits Valentin Ya. , Mamychev Alexey Yu. , Shestopal Sergey S. , Perevalova Ludmila V. , M. Slinko T.
Published: August 2019

The modern approaches to the evolution of the concepts of state and state power in a globalizing world is a subject of the paper. State power as the state evolves because of the need to address the systemic problems of society, requiring the development of new quality management resources. State power, like the political system, formulates and implements the collective goals of society or groups existing in it. The authors focus on the use of system-structural, functional methods of analysis of the state and state power, which makes it possible not only to explain state and political changes, but also to predict them. The authors substantiate the relevance of the methodological approaches of prominent economists and sociologists Schumpeter and Hayek to analyze contemporary problems of democracy, when the adaptive capacity of a state is aimed at reducing and reducing its role in the life of modern global society.
Ethno-Language Issue as a Source of Separatism and Instability in Ukraine
Authors: Medvedev Nikolay P. , Slizovskiy Dmitriy E. , Glebov Viktor A. , Medvedev Vadim N. , Amini Abdul Rahman
Published: August 2019

The article analyzes the impact of ethno-linguistic policy on the separatism and political instability in Ukraine. The article examines the current provisions of the legislation of Ukraine on the development of language policy, as well as the provisions of the latest Law on the status of the state language in Ukraine.Ukraine has severalspecific features from the linguistic point of view, they are: bilingualism, uneven distribution of Russian and Ukrainian languages on the territory of the country and in different sectors of the social sphere, as well as ethno-linguistic, social and socio-cultural polarization of the Western, Central and South-Eastern parts of the country.

The Ukrainian language was recognized as the state languagein Ukraine in 1989. This preceded the signing of the Declaration on the State Independence of Ukraine in 1991. From that moment on, the Ukrainian language is considered a symbol of the new Ukraine. Raising the status of the Ukrainian language has become one of the central issues in the process of building an independent state.

The UN Security Council discussion in July 2019 on the language policy in Ukraine showed the world community's concern over the problem of ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens and national minorities in Ukraine in connection with the adoption of the Law on the legal status of the state Ukrainian language and its use in education and public life.

The analysis focuses on the trends in the development of language policy, which is the source of aggravation of social processes in the form of separatism and destabilization of modern Ukraine and attempts of its modern political regime to finally complete the reorientation from Russia to the West at the legislative language level.
The Reform of the Civil Service System in China 1993–2009
Authors: Rakhimova Guzel Vasilevna , Martynov Dmitry Evgenyevich , Martynova Yulia Aleksandrovna , Yurievna Glushkova Svetlana
Published: August 2019

The paper is devoted to the analysis of public service reforms in China in the period of 1993 - 2009. The reforms, in part, took advantage of the positive experience of the Chinese past. They were aimed at improving the efficiency of civil servants by introducing more competitive selection processes, incentives to encourage activities and tightening control and supervision. The processes of selection, appointment, training, dismissal and retirement of civil servants were also streamlined. The chronological scope of the study is determined by the dates when the Interim Regulation on Civil Servants (1993) was adopted, and up to the date of adoption and implementation of the full-fledged Law on Civil Servants (2006). Then the first consequences of the reforms began to be felt: the legalization and normalization of the personnel system, the motivation to show high moral standards for civil servants who could gain respect from the people, and the activation of their high moral and business qualities. In part, the adoption of these laws was accompanied by the coming to power of the fourth generation of leadership of the CPC and PRC.
The Purpose of "Correction" in the Russian Criminal and Criminal and Executive Law
Authors: Yuryevich Epikhin Alexander , Aleksandrovich Zaitsev Oleg , Vladimirovich Tasakov Sergei , Vladimirovna Nechaeva Elena , Viktorovich Mishin Andrey , Isaevna Aliyeva Gulnar
Published: August 2019

The process of carrying out (serving) a criminal punishment in the form of imprisonment according to the Russian criminal and penal law provides for isolation of the convicted person, limitations of rights and certain freedoms, as well as using corrective measures to change the criminal orientation of that person towards positive law-abiding behavior. According to penal law, the corrective process is being implemented by carrying out the main measures of corrective action, which the law lists as: regulated conditions, socially useful labor, educational work, general and professional education, and social influence.

Currently the penal system sees a general trend of reducing the total number of imprisoned persons. According to the statistics by the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, 880 thousand people were serving a prison sentence in 2010, 550 thousand people in 2016, as of 1 June 2018 that number was 520.5 thousand people, and as of 1 May 2019 it was 552,188 persons. In the recent years, the number of prisoners tends to stay on the same level. These numbers testify to the continued humanization of the criminal and penal policy of the Russian Federation, as well as to the results of applying corrective actions to those sentenced to imprisonment.
Issues of Jurisdiction and Simplified Proceedings of the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Yaminova Laysan R. , Gilmanov Idris M. , Gilmanov Muhamat M.
Published: August 2019

The legislator of Armenia is actively working on the planned implementation of the UN International Document requirements. In particular, to ensure guarantees of citizen rights to a fair public hearing by a competent court without delay and red tape. This follows from the article 14, paragraph 1 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the article 6, paragraph 1 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.

The legal system of Armenia is the part of the Romano-German legal family, but with distinctive features. In our opinion, in order to alleviate the workload of the trial courts, the Article 19 of the Criminal Code of the RA “Categories of Crimes” needs to have misconduct as an independent form. For the same purpose, it is necessary to provide for simplified (total) production in the CPC of this country, which, unfortunately, is absent in current legislation. For developments in these areas, you can analyze the article 15 of Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. The jurisdiction of criminal courts in Russia is regulated by the article 31 of Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. Violation of this article rules leads to the annulment of the sentence and a criminal case re-examination.
Images of Power in the Societies of Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Symbols and Ritual Practices of the East and West
Authors: Chiglintsev Evgueny Alexandrovich , Bikeyeva Natalya Yurievna , Griger Maxim Vadimovich , Vostrikov Igor Vladimirovich , Ahmadiev Farit Nafisovich , Zaitsev Alexandr Alexandrovich , Shadrina Natalia Anatolievna , Dusaeva Enzhe Midhatovna
Published: August 2019

This collective article is dedicated to the images of power in the ancient and medieval societies, their forming, functions and the ways of representation. Authors found the universal components of the images of power in the different pre-industrial societies of the East and Vest, such as procedures of obtaining power, coronation and anointment, ruler’s regalia and the forms of organizing space of power. The authors investigate the relationship between the secular and the sacred elements in the political mythology of power. This paper deals with the evolution of images of power, rituals and symbols of authority from Ancient Eastern to Medieval societies. The purpose of the article is to present the universal components of the images of power in Ancient and Medieval times. The identification of common and specific features in the representation of power and ritual practices will allow us to see the evolution of ideas about power in pre-industrial societies.
Political Responsibility of the Deputy of the Regional Parliament in the Russian Federation
Authors: Garipov Ruslan F.
Published: August 2019

This work studies the distinctive features of political responsibility of regional deputies representing the interests of various electoral groups. The status of a regional parliament deputy in Russian regions is characterized in two ways. It is regulated not only by laws and ethical norms, but also by political guidelines. Regional deputies are held legally accountable for violating laws, and by straying from party or state guidelines, they risk being held politically accountable. This is why the object of study of this article is the negative consequences that regional deputies suffer as a result of the political practices in Russian regions. In 2016-2019, there was an expansion of legal grounds that affect termination of deputy duties. Deputies are frequently limited in their rights to address other participants of regional politics. In some cases, artificial barriers are created to interfere with the work of regional deputies. These limitations are political in nature, and thus have a vague definition in law. Because of that, the author pays special attention to the political norms that, if violated, result in special negative consequences for regional deputies, including their inability to perform their parliamentary duties.
On-board Protection of Merchant Vessels from the Perspective of International Law
Authors: Feldtmann Birgit
Published: August 2019

On-board Protection of Merchant Vessels from the Perspective of International Law

The power to regulate on-board protection of merchant vessels lies with the flag state. However, the national models of regulation are not developed in a unilateral vacuum. In fact, the whole concept of flag state jurisdiction and legislative power has to be understood and exercised on the national level in close relation with the general regime of the international law of the sea. The aim of the article is therefore two-fold: first, it aims to provide a background for the country reports in this special issue by giving a brief insight into the problem of piracy in the twenty-first century and the international approaches towards this problem. Here the article also provides an insight into the legal background by presenting the concept of piracy in the law of the sea and connected law enforcement powers. Thus, this part of the article provides the overall context in which the discussions concerning on-board protection and the development of national regulations have occurred. Second, the article analyses the issue of on-board protection from the perspective of the legal framework in international law, as well as relevant international soft-law instruments, influencing the development on the national level. On-board protection of vessels as such is not regulated in the international law; however, international law provides a form of general legal setting, in which flags states navigate. Thus, this article aims to draw a picture of the international context in which flags states develop their specific legal approach.
Armed On-board Protection of Danish Vessels Authorisation and Use of Force in Self-defence in a Legal Perspective
Authors: Frier Christian
Published: August 2019

Armed On-board Protection of Danish Vessels Authorisation and Use of Force in Self-defence in a Legal Perspective

This article examines the legal issues pertaining to the use of civilian armed guards on board Danish-flagged ships for protection against piracy. The Danish model of regulation is interesting for several reasons. Firstly, the Danish Government was among the first European flag States to allow and formalise their use in a commercial setting. Secondly, the distribution of assignments between public authorities and private actors stands out as very pragmatic, as ship owners and contracting private security companies are empowered with competences which are traditionally considered as public administrative powers. Thirdly, the lex specialis framework governing the authorisation and use of force in self-defence is non-exhaustive, thus referring to lex generalis regulation, which does not take the special circumstances surrounding the use of armed guards into consideration. As a derived effect the private actors involved rely heavily on soft law and industry self-regulation instrument to complement the international and national legal framework.
Armed On-board Protection of German Ships (and by German Companies)
Authors: Salomon Tim R.
Published: August 2019

Armed On-board Protection of German Ships (and by German Companies)

Germany reacted to the rise of piracy around the Horn of Africa not only by deploying its armed forces to the region, but also by overhauling the legal regime concerning private security providers. It introduced a dedicated licensing scheme mandatory for German maritime security providers and maritime security providers wishing to offer their services on German-flagged vessels. This legal reform resulted in a licensing system with detailed standards for the internal organisation of a security company and the execution of maritime security services. Content wise, the German law borrows broadly from internationally accepted standards. Despite deficits in state oversight and compliance control, the licensing scheme sets a high standard e.g. by mandating that a security team must consist of a minimum of four security guards. The lacking success of the scheme suggested by the low number of companies still holding a license may be due to the fact that ship-owners have traditionally been reluctant to travel high-risk areas under the German flag. Nevertheless, the German law is an example of a national regulation that has had some impact on the industry at large.
Evaluation of the effects of iron containing supplements on primary teeth of children
Authors: Arat Maden Eda , Eker İbrahim , Erdem Onur
Published: August 2019

Aim: Extrinsic tooth staining potential of iron replacement therapy causes a belief among the parents that these drugs cause tooth decay. In order to clarify this suspicion, the relationship between iron replacement therapy, dental iron concentrations and tooth decay was examined.

Results: There was no significant difference between the DMFT score of children who received regular iron replacement during infancy and who did not recieve. There was not a statistically significant difference between the median iron concentration in the primary teeth of the children who were supplemented with iron in their toddler’s age (10,5 mikrog/gr (5,3-17,3)) and were not supplemented (5,6 mikrog/gr (0,64 – 48,9)).

Conclusions: The results of the study showed that iron replacement had no adverse effect on the primary teeth.

 

How to cite this article: Arat Maden E, Eker İ, Erdem O. Evaluation of the Effects of Iron Containing Supplements on Primary Teeth of Children. Int Dent Res 2019;9(2):46-50. 

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Mechanical behavior of newly developed glass carbomer-based dental filling material
Authors: Arslanoğlu Zeki , Kale Ediz , Meşe Ayse , Altan Halenur
Published: August 2019

Aim: This study measured the microhardness of a newly developed glass carbomer dental filling material within the first 24 hours after setting and compared it against that of two different glass ionomers, with and without heating during setting, and a resin-modified glass ionomer.

Methodology: Six cavities were prepared on acrylic resin discs. PMMA blocks were randomly divided into six groups of six cylinders and each cavity was filled with one of the tested materials according to their group. The groups were: Group1, Fuji Triage™ with heat; Group 2, GCP Glass Fill™; Group 3, Equia™ with heat; Group 4, Riva LC™; Group 5, Fuji Triage™; and Group 6, Equia™. Microhardness was measured by the Vickers hardness scale using a microindentation hardness tester at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after initial setting of the materials.

Results: After 24 hours, the glass carbomer  (GCP Glass Fill™) was not the strongest of the tested materials. Fuji Triage™ with heat applied during setting (Group 1) proved to be the hardest material, while Riva LC™ (Group 4) and GCP Glass Fill™ (Group 2) were the softest.  Heating the Fuji Triage™ during the initial setting period significantly increased its physical strength after 24 hours.

 

How to cite this article: Arslanoğlu Z, Kale E, Meşe A, Altan H. Evaluation of microhardness of newly developed glass carbomer-based dental filling material. Int Dent Res 2019;9(2):58-62.

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
ProTaper retreatment system versus balanced force technique for apical extrusion and gutta-percha removal
Authors: Sarıçam Esma , Altunkaynak Bülent , Kayaoğlu Güven
Published: August 2019

Introduction: The aim was to compare root canal wall cleanliness, amounts of apically extruded debris and irrigant during retreatment using the ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PT) system or balanced force technique (BFT).

Materials and Methods: Root canals of extracted mandibular premolar teeth (n=44) were endodontically prepared and obturated, then the teeth were divided into two groups: BFT and PT. Apically extruded material was collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes using the Myers and Montgomery method. The root halves were photographed under a stereomicroscope. Area of the remnant filling material (coronal, middle, apical thirds and total canal surface) was measured by software. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test.

Results: The BFT and PT system provided similar degrees of canal wall cleanliness (p > 0.05) and amounts of extruded irrigant (p>0.05). The PT system caused less debris extrusion (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Although the BFT was shown to cause less apical extrusion in primary root canal treatment compared to other manual instrumentation techniques, in the present study, BFT caused more debris extrusion than the PT group.

 

How to cite this article: Sarıçam E, Altunkaynak B, Kayaoğlu G. ProTaper Retreatment system versus balanced force technique for apical extrusion and gutta-percha removal. Int Dent Res 2019;9(2):63-8.

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Encontro entre linguagens? análise da apropriação pedagógica de filmes no Projeto “O Cinema Vai à Escola”, segundo o olhar do professor de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Perinelli Neto Humberto Perinelli , Sousa Vanessa Freitas
Published: August 2019

Muitos projetos envolvendo cinema e ensino foram registrados na história da educação brasileira. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é o de analisar o Projeto “O Cinema vai à Escola”, desenvolvido pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo, a partir de 2008, por meio da análise do seu material pedagógico (“Os Cadernos de Cinema do Professor”, trinta roteiros e as caixas de filmes), tendo em vista o que é esperado do professor dedicado a lecionar a disciplina Língua Portuguesa e com base em duas categorias: roteiro e gênero cinematográficos. A pesquisa apresentou abordagem qualitativa, natureza aplicada e conciliou descrição e explicação, valendo-se para isso de investigações bibliográficas e documentais.
Os confrontos em sala de aula: a que (quem) os alunos atribuem a culpa?
Authors: Da Silva Elisabeth Ramos , Abud Maria José Milharezi , Gomes Rubens Eduardo
Published: August 2019

Este texto diz respeito à indisciplina como confronto em sala de aula, envolvendo desrespeito entre alunos e professores. A investigação objetiva examinar a visão discente acerca do que é indisciplina e dos fatores responsáveis por essas ocorrências. O motivo desta investigação é o fato de tais confrontos serem impactantes no cotidiano escolar, necessitando de reflexões que iluminem possíveis resoluções. As análises esteiam-se em teorias que sustentam a indissociabilidade entre cognição e afetividade e nas contribuições de Rego (1996), Aquino (1996), entre outros. A metodologia utilizada compreende um questionário composto de 2 perguntas dissertativas abertas para 26 alunos da 3ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual paulista. As respostas foram analisadas conforme a Análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2010). Os resultados revelam que os alunos consideram como indisciplina atos de vandalismo e desrespeito, e que a conduta do professor é responsável por tais confrontos em sala de aula.
Responsabilidade civil das escolas quanto a violência física e moral: a construção do saber na era conectada
Authors: Gitahy Raquel Rosan Christino , Alves Luis Henrique Ramos , Souza Fernanda Gabriela Sampaio
Published: August 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o uso do ambiente virtual para auxiliar na construção do saber da sociedade sobre a responsabilidade civil das escolas no que se refere à violência física e moral. A fim de atingir tal objetivo, a pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o contexto do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem do site “Saber o direito”, criado para interações entre a sociedade e especialistas no tema responsabilidade civil das escolas. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados os registros documentados de tais interações.  A análise dos dados fez-se a partir dos saberes construídos e a legislação vigente, tendo como norte as duvidas e os relatos de experiências envolvendo o tema.  Esta pesquisa proporcionou, a partir de relatos postados em ambiente virtual, compreender problemas envolvendo a responsabilidade civil no caso de violência escolar e quais são as soluções jurídicas para tais situações.
Análise da Proposta do Ministério Público para a mediação de conflitos nas escolas: concepções de gestão democrática e diálogo
Authors: Gomes Alessandro , Francisco Marcos Vinicius
Published: August 2019

No presente artigo assumiu-se como objetivo analisar a concepção de gestão democrática e de diálogo presentes na proposta do Ministério Público para a mediação de conflitos nas escolas brasileiras. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, sendo que se recorreu à análise documental como procedimento metodológico. As análises foram estabelecidas a partir do documento Diálogos e Mediação de Conflitos nas Escolas: Guia Prático para Educadores, promovido pelo Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público, órgão externo à escola. Os principais resultados apontaram algumas contradições no Guia, o diálogo proposto não coaduna para a efetivação de uma gestão escolar democrática. Quando os professores e a escola recebem um documento pronto, a fim de se atuar diante das situações promotoras de violência, perdem, automaticamente, suas capacidades para a autonomia, outro princípio básico para a efetivação da gestão democrática.
Dentro da vida, fora do texto: leitura, família e literatura
Authors: Silva Anderson , Medeiros Marcelo
Published: August 2019

Este artigo refere-se a um conjunto de atividades realizadas com alunos matriculados no 9º ano de uma escola pública, situada na zona rural de um município paraibano. Tais atividades foram motivadas em virtude dos constantes comentários preconceituosos dos(as) alunos(as) contra certos arranjos familiares não-hegemônicos. Por isso, resolvemos trabalhar essa temática em sala de aula. Para tanto, escolhemos alguns textos literários que tematizassem as novas configurações de família na contemporaneidade. Como lastro teórico, apoiamo-nos em Mello (2005), Grossi, Uziel e Mello (2007) e Facco (2009), para os quais o conceito de família transcende o que já está arraigado socialmente. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, uma vez que, por meio da leitura e do debate sobre os textos literários com os quais trabalhamos, foi possível fazer com que os discentes refletissem sobre o que é família e ampliassem seus horizontes acerca da diversidade de arranjos familiares existentes em nossa sociedade.
Violências escolares e justiça restaurativa na escola básica estadual de São Paulo na visão dos professores – o papel do diálogo
Authors: Santos Eduardo , Xavier dos Santos Sara
Published: August 2019

As escolas estaduais paulistas, que compõem a maior rede de ensino do Brasil, vivenciam diariamente atos e fatos de violência envolvendo estudantes com estudantes, estudantes com professores, professores com gestores e gestores com famílias.  A tendência é que os impactos dessas ocorrências prejudiquem o ingresso, a permanência e, especialmente, o sucesso da aprendizagem dos estudantes. Em resposta, as autoridades educacionais do estado passaram a implantar programas e projetos para auxiliar no trato de tais violências escolares. Entre eles, a partir de 2010, passa a ser estudada e recomendada a Justiça Restaurativa (JR), implantando-se, em 2016, um projeto-piloto de intervenção, que se mantém atualmente e tem envolvido professores em práticas orientadas por essa abordagem. Tendo em vista que o diálogo constitui instrumento fundante de tal abordagem, neste artigo buscamos responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: Qual o estatuto teórico do diálogo na implantação da JR, segundo as percepções dos professores das escolas da região da Brasilândia, Zona Norte do município de São Paulo, na prevenção às violências escolares? São analisados, por meio da Análise de Discurso, dados resultantes de sessões de grupo focal realizadas com professores dessa região que se utilizaram da abordagem para intervir nos fatos de violência nas escolas em que atuam. As categorias de análise empregadas foram Violências Escolares, Justiça Restaurativa e Diálogo, baseadas em referencial teórico extraído dos formuladores originais da JR, nas áreas do Direito e da Educação; da produção teórica sobre violência escolar e da estratégia do diálogo proposta por Paulo Freire, ademais de Prandis e Brancher. Os resultados de nossa investigação indicaram que os professores tendem a perceber o diálogo como elemento fundante da Justiça Restaurativa e a validá-lo positivamente nas ações de trato com as violências no ambiente escolar.
Violências na Escola
Authors: Terçariol Adriana Aparecida de Lima , Teixeira Rosiley Aparecida
Published: August 2019

Considerando a escola como um microuniverso da realidade geral, verifica-se que os conflitos e violências presentes na sociedade, tornam-se parte do contexto escolar, materializando-se nas experiências dos(as) professores(as), dos(as) estudantes, da equipe gestora, bem como da comunidade, na qual a escola está inserida. Essa situação implica que sejam adotados, nesse ambiente, encaminhamentos e estratégias específicas para a problematização e enfrentamento da cultura da violência, de forma que a missão central da Educação, qual seja, o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, ocorra de forma mais efetiva e harmoniosa. Nessa perspectiva, a edição nº. 32 da Revista Dialogia, traz uma entrevista com Miriam Abramovay, atualmente, Coordenadora da Área de Juventude e Políticas Públicas na Faculdade Latino-Americana de Ciências Sociais (FLACSO) – Brasil, entre outros textos de interesse para a área.
Violências na Escola, sob o Olhar de Miriam Abramovay
Authors: Terçariol Adriana Aparecida de Lima , Teixeira Rosiley Aparecida
Published: August 2019

Entrevista: Violências na Escola, sob o Olhar de Miriam AbramovayEntrevista: Violências na Escola, sob o Olhar de Miriam Abramovay
From Neutral Dasein to a Gentle Twofold
Authors: Therezo Rodrigo ,   DePaul University
Published: August 2019

This paper attempts to situate Derrida’s newly discovered Geschlecht III in the four-part series Derrida dedicated to the question of sexual difference in Heidegger. Taking its point of departure from an interview conducted two years prior to Geschlecht I, the paper retraces Derrida’s itinerary toward the culminating point of the Geschlecht series, Geschlecht III, the “magnet” that orients and attracts the other three. I argue that Derrida’s initial enthusiasm for a Heideggerian “pre-dual sexuality” in Geschlecht I is significantly tempered by Derrida’s meticulous reading of Heidegger in Geschlecht III, where his reservations vis-à-vis Heidegger’s neutralization of sexual difference become all the more serious and explicit. As I show, Derrida’s “dream” of a “doubly asymmetrical” sexual relation to the other remains incompatible with the sexual gentleness Heidegger imagines between brother and sister, an ultimately Christian incest that will yet again threaten to neutralize and erase the more radical sexual difference Derrida is trying to think.
Effect of modified RNA-binding proteins HuR on biological behavior of bladder cancer T24 cell line
Authors: Zheng Kewen , Su Yan , Han Xiaomin , Ma Qiang
Published: August 2019

Background: In tumors, the role of human antigen R (HuR) involves regulating tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. Previous studies have revealed the expression of HuR can be detected in bladder cancer and related to biological behavior of malignancy. Methods: T24 cells were transfected by HuR overexpression vector and HuR knockdown vector. The cells were divided into control group, overExp-HuR group and cas9-HuR group. The cell viability after 48 h was detected by MTT, the apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-APC/7-AAD double staining, the cell migration was detected by Transwell assay, and the expression of HuR, cyclinD1 and apoptosis-related factors (Bcl-2) were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot. Results: Compared with the control group, the cell viability after 48 h in the overExp-HuR group increased significantly, and decreased in the cas9-HuR group (P<0.05). And the number of migrating cells increased in the overExp-HuR group, and decreased in the cas9-HuR group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of the overExp-HuR group decreased significantly, and increased significantly in the cas9-HuR group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of HuR, cyclinD1 and Bcl-2 of the overExp-HuR group increased, and decreased significantly in cas9-HuR group (P<0.05). Conclusion: HuR promote the proliferation and migration of T24 cells, and inhibit cell apoptosis. And the mechanism may be related to the expression of cyclin D and apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2.
The complete chloroplast genomes of seventeen Aegilops tauschii: Genome characteristic and comparative analysis
Authors: Su Qing , Liu Luxian , Zhao Mengyu , Zhang Cancan , Zhang Dale , Li Youyong , Li Suoping
Published: August 2019

As the diploid progenitor of common wheat, Aegilops tauschii Cosson (DD, 2n = 2x = 14) is regarded to be a potential genetic resource for improving common wheat, which is naturally distributed in central Eurasia, spreading from northern Syria and Turkey to western China. In this work, the chloroplast genomes of seventeen Ae. tauschii accessions showed 135 551~ 136 009 bp in length and contained the typical quadripartite structure of angiosperms. Meanwhile, a total of 127 functional genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNAs, 26 tRNAs, and 19 duplicated genes were identified. Overall genomic structure including gene number, gene order were well conserved with identical IR/SC boundary regions, but few variations predominantly were detected in non-coding regions (intergenic spacer regions). IR expansion and contraction with identical structure among 17 Aegilops tauschii accessions were not influence chloroplast genomes in length. Four cpDNA markers including rpl32-trnL-UAG, ccsA-ndhD, rbcL-psaI and rps18-rpl20 showed high nucleotide polymorphisms，which may be used to study on inter- and intra-specific genetic structure and diversity of Ae. tauschii. The ndhF gene in AY46 accession appeared the highest ω value, which might be involved in the adaptation to high altitude ecological environment during the evolution of AY46 accession. The phylogenetic relationships constructed by the complete genome sequences strongly support that Ae. tauschii in the Yellow River region might be directly originated from Central Asia rather than Xinjiang. The specific spreading route of Ae. tauschii revealed in this work, reflects the frequent cultural exchange through the silk road from one point of view. We confirmed that Ae. tauschii derived from monophyletic speciation rather than hybrid speciation at the chloroplast genome level.
Antibioticoterapia em crianças indígenas e não indígenas desnutridas
Authors: Brunozi Naipy Abreu , David Flávia Lúcia
Published: August 2019

Introdução: A prevalência da desnutrição infantil vem diminuindo em todo o mundo, mas ainda acomete milhões de crianças, especialmente indígenas. Devido ao elevado número de doenças infecciosas associadas à desnutrição, a antibioticoterapia faz parte da terapêutica recomendada. Objetivo: Observar os casos de desnutrição entre crianças indígenas e não indígenas hospitalizadas e a terapêutica empregada durante o tratamento. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, farmacoepidemiológico, realizado com informações extraídas de prontuários arquivados do período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014 de um hospital público. Resultados: Participaram 166 crianças, sendo o número de crianças indígenas aproximadamente seis vezes maior do que não indígenas. Houve maior prevalência entre lactentes e crianças com idade inferior a um ano apresentaram mais chances de serem internadas por desnutrição. Os diagnósticos de desnutrição mais vistos foram os inespecíficos, com uma proporção significativa de óbitos relacionados ao diagnóstico E43. As infecções mais comuns foram do sistema digestório e respiratório. Crianças indígenas tiveram quase cinco vezes mais chances de apresentarem infecção respiratória. A maior proporção recebeu até três antibióticos, havendo crianças que receberam mais que sete antibióticos diferentes durante o período de internação. Conclusão: A população infantil deve ser acompanhada por meio de inquéritos que possam subsidiar políticas de saúde que atendam suas necessidades. É necessária a capacitação dos profissionais envolvidos no cuidado da criança desnutrida, recursos materiais e financeiros, a fim diminuir o número de diagnósticos inespecíficos e evitar o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos, sendo imprescindível uma política de controle efetiva no uso da politerapia antimicrobiana.
Professora Sandra Terezinha Amarante
Authors: Filipini Rosangela
Published: August 2019

Não se aplica
Critical Visual Reading Skills of Students
Authors: Batur Zekerya , Başar Murat , Nilüfer Süzen Hatice
Published: August 2019

Mother tongue education is accomplished with four basic language skills. These skills are listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. One of the basic skills that increase the vocabulary of the individual is the reading skill. Understanding and comprehension are important in this skill. Understanding of reading is a complicated process. There are many factors that affect the meaning of this process. The content of the text, such as the type and the punctuation, also affect the meaning. Visual reading has understanding qualities like text reading. Therefore, visual reading and visual comprehension also carry a textual characteristic. Accordingly, readers are expected to interpret the visuals with a critical approach in order to capture the details of the visuals. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the students are critical readers about the visuals. The study was qualitative based on a document review. The study was conducted with 20 students. Participants consisted of 10 fifth grade students and 10 sixth grade students. The data of the study were collected by taking the opinions of the students about visuals. The collected data were evaluated by content analysis. As a result of the study, it was seen that the students evaluated the images with a critical eye and the female students were more critical than the male students. As a result, it has been determined that the students differ in terms of mental development stages.
Lexical Cohesion in Non-fictional Narrative as Discourse: A Study of Ngugi Wa Thiong’O’s Decolonizing the Mind
Authors: Uneke Enyi Amaechi , Chiekpezie Orji Edwin
Published: August 2019

The study was a linguistic examination of the use of lexical cohesive devices in Ngugi Wa Thiong ’O’s Decolonising the Mind- an autobiography. The study was aimed at revealing how Ngugi - an African L2 writer, deployed lexical cohesive devices to achieve cohesion and coherence and how this has contributed to the meaning of his non- fictional essay. The study was guided by the theoretical framework of Halliday’s tripartite metafunctions of language: the ideational, the interpersonal and the textual, with closer inclination to the textual metafunction that deals with text creation. Cohesion is understood in this study as a textual strategy deployed in language use to unify sentences into a text (a unified whole), that renders the speech or writing both readable and meaningful. A total of 29 excerpts, selected from relevant sections of the essay were descriptively analysed. Our analysis revealed that Ngugi made effective use of lexical cohesive devices to tie his text together, thereby succeeded in passing his message clearly to his readers. Our findings also showed a preponderant use of reiteration (near synonym) - 13 times, and repetition -8 times, by the writer, probably to achieve emphasis. Other lexical devices deployed by the writer to achieve various textual and communicative functions include: antonyms 4 times; superordinate/hyponym, 2 times; and complementaries and co-hyponym, 1 each, in crafting his essay, in which he tells a real- life story of his people, his culture and his heritage. Ngugi, by his effective use of cohesive devices along paradigmatic and syntagmatic axis, has demonstrated that an African writer can also, through the medium of biographical writing, project, not only his ideology, but also the exultation of his people, his culture and his inheritance by a skillful and near – native use of the English language. The study made a case for a systematic teaching of cohesive devices at all levels of education as that will improve reading and comprehension and the aver all communicative competence of L2 learners of English.
Maximal Jaw Opening as a Method of Producing Concurrent Activation Potentiation
Authors: Allen Charles R.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine maximal jaw opening as a strategy to elicit concurrent activation potentiation during countermovement vertical jump performance and bilateral grip strength assessment in both males and females. Methods: Twenty-four males (age 21.25 ± 1.45 years; height 177.64 ± 7.67 cm; mass 83.87 ± 9.08 kg) and 24 females (age 21.38 ± 2.12 years; height 165.84 ± 8.96 cm; mass 66.4 ± 13.42 kg) participated in this investigation. Maximal countermovement jump height was recorded using a Just Jump Mat, and dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength was recorded using a digital hand dynamometer under two experimental conditions: jaw relaxed and jaw maximally opened. Paired-sample t-tests were conducted for each dependent variable of interest to determine the differences between the research conditions. Results: Maximally opening the jaw led to improvements in vertical jump height (p = 0.013, d = 0.225), dominant hand (p = 0.028, d = 0.162), and non-dominant handgrip strength (p = 0.011, d = 0.241) in males, and although these variables were improved in females under the jaw open condition, that improvement did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study supports maximally opening the jaw as an effective strategy for producing concurrent activation potentiation, particularly in males.
Intensity Classification of Drills for a Collegiate Women’s Lacrosse Team: An Observational Study
Authors: Alphin Kathryn H. , Hudgins Brynn L. , Bunn Jennifer A.
Published: August 2019

Background: Balancing training load helps prevent injury and maximize performance, but coaches do not often know the load or intensity of drills when making selections for practice. Objective: This study aimed to classify the drills of a women’s collegiate lacrosse team into low, moderate, and high intensity categories. Methods: Twenty-five participants wore global positioning system (GPS) devices and heart rate (HR) monitors daily during team practice and scrimmage matches. The data collected was trimmed to reflect only the time the players practiced and then organized by drill. Mean HR, distance rate, and training impulse (TRIMP) scores were used to classify drills into tertiles: low, moderate, and high intensity. Results: A total of 56 unique drills were analyzed over 33 training days, with 24 drills considered moderate intensity, 17 drills were high intensity, and 15 drills were low intensity. By position, 17 drills were low intensity for the midfielders, followed by 16 for the attacker, and 12 for the defenders and goalies. The defenders had the highest number of moderate intensity drills with 27, followed by the attackers with 24, midfielders with 21, and goalies with 17. Lastly, midfielders and goalies had the highest number of high intensity drills with 18, followed by attackers with 17, and defenders with 16. Conclusions: These results will help the coaching and training staff manage workloads and potentially reduce risk of injury and overtraining by giving insight into the demands of each drill they require of their athletes.