bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Problem of Time in the Works of P.P. Gaidenko
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blauberg Irina I.
Published: November 2023

The question of time can be attributed as one of the most important in the works of P.P. Gaidenko. Almost from the very beginning of her philosophical activity it was constantly in the center of her attention. The article briefly traces the main milestones in her consideration of the problem of time – from a dissertation on the philosophy of Heidegger (1963) to a generalizing book “Time. Duration. Eternity. The Problem of Time in European Philosophy and Science” (2006), which sums up many years of Piama Pavlovna’s research on this topic. Here the names of three great Greek thinkers – Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus – appear as symbols of various approaches to understanding time. For a long time, it de­termined the lines of further theoretical research. In the book the internal seman­tic echoes that permeate the entire text are very important. Piama P. Gaidenko shows how some models of the interpretation of time, proposed in Antiquity and then in medieval philosophy, are reproduced in various forms in subsequent eras and testify to the complex interaction of philosophical traditions as well as to a change in ways of thinking. The main lines of research outlined in the book clearly show both continuity and differences in approaches to the philosophical understanding of time in different periods. The book expresses not only the phi­losophical, but also the personal position of Piama P. Gaidenko, which was clearly manifested in the interpretation of the question of the relationship be­tween time and eternity. In this sense, of particular interest is the critique of the characteristic tendency of the philosophy of process, which is reflected in the denial of eternity or understanding it simply as infinite time.
Criticism of “Technotronic Civilization” by Piama Gaidenko in the Aspect of Kulturkritik
Authors:   HSE University, School of Philosophy and Cultural Studies, Mikhailovsky Alexander V.
Published: November 2023

Piama Pavlovna Gaidenko is most often referred to as a brilliant historian of phi­losophy, the author of the original concept of the evolution of science, but her work clearly shows interest in ontological and “existentialist” topics, which sug­gests the existence of a certain coherent philosophical project that demonstrates elements of the Christian worldview. Dealing with the issues of the genesis of European rationality, Gaidenko as philosopher was always guided by the task of overcoming the “paradigm of thinking” that was born at the beginning of the Modernity and was associated with the figure of a knowing and creative “subject” who denies the complexity and multidimensionality of the world, who undertakes to rebuild in a revolutionary way. To put an end to the dominance of “deontologized subjectivism”, leading to anthropological, ecological and other crises, is possible only through the restoration of the damaged reputation of ra­tio, through a new understanding of the collision of knowledge and faith, which reflects the tragedy of Western European culture, which has forgotten about God and being. According to our hypothesis, behind the standard designations of such Soviet philosophical topics as “criticism of European rationalism”, “criticism of bourgeois aesthetics”, “criticism of non-Marxist concepts of dialectics”, etc. – a peculiar cultural-critical approach is traced, which, on the one hand, can be compared with the German Kulturkritik of the 20th century, and on the other hand, demonstrates the ontologism which is typical for the Russian philosophical tradition. We single out three elements of the philosophical project of P. Gaidenko: 1) criticism of mass society and the “tragedy of aestheticism”, 2) criticism of technocracy and “breakthrough to the transcendent”, 3) appeal to the ontologi­cal roots of reason and values. We propose to clarify them, outlining the ways of typological comparison with special discourses within the conservative criti­cism of modernity – in particular, criticism of massification, criticism of techno­logy, problems of value and worldview orientation.
No Limit. On What Thought Can Actually Do Part II Joсelyn Benoist
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Pris Igor E.
Published: November 2023

The text published here is a continuation of [Benoist 2023]. In modern philoso­phy, the sensible being of a thing is subjectivised, seen as relative, dependent on the subject. Locke introduced the distinction between primary and secondary qualities to which the modern speculative realist Q. Meillassoux also refers. Eliminating this distinction, Kant took the next step in the absolutization of the notion of phenomenon. For Kant, the sensible is measured against the non-sensi­ble thing-in-itself. For Meillassoux, it is measured against the Absolute deprived of any sensibility, which the philosopher of overcoming of finitude wants to know. In fact, as J. Benoist shows, the sensible is not a limitation, not an obstacle to access to the true being, but the being itself, or at any rate an important com­ponent of it. It is necessary to overcome the modern subjectivity of the sensible. But this is not enough. It is also necessary to overcome phenomenology that ab­solutizes the idea of limit and essentializes finitude. Benoist turns to the philoso­phy of the later Wittgenstein, which criticizes the idea of (im)possibility to have a non-perspectival view of an object. Knowledge and thought are contextual. In fact, contextuality is not a principle of relativisation, not a finitude, not a limit to thought. In general, the idea of such a limit is inconsistent. Nor does contextu­ality of thought exclude its universality; on the contrary, it is the condition of it.
Fundamentals of the Theory of “Language” in the Bilateral Consensus. Stalin’s Marxism and Problems of Linguistics from the Standpoint of the Communicative Model. Part II
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vdovichenko Andrey V. ,   Saint Tikhon’s Orthodox University of the Humanities
Published: November 2023

In Joseph V. Stalin’s work Marxism and Problems of Linguistics (1950), a num­ber of general issues of the theory of the verbal process are touched upon, the in­terpretation of which is generally consistent with traditional (including modern quantitatively predominant) linguistic views on the phenomenon of “language”. The linguistic consensus is observed in several positions that arise as a result of theoretical simplification (inaccurate metaphor): 1) “language” exists as objec­tive verbal forms, constitutes a unity that ensures communication between peo­ple and which can be an object of study and description; 2) “language” is gram­mar and vocabulary; 3) “language” is connected with thinking; there are no thoughts without “language”; 4) “language” is a common property for a given collective (nation, people), “language” unites all those who speak it; 5) “lan­guage” is a mystical (“magic”) object. This article proposes a critique of the Marxist-linguistic consensus from the point of view of the communicative model. A simplified (linguistic) model of a word-containing semiotic process is the result of excessive attention to the verbal substrate (“words”), of an attempt to present verbal units as self-organized semantic-formal modules responsible for everything that happens in the field of communicative meaning (sense) for­mation. As a result, a theoretical construct “language” is created, designed to save researchers’ a priori attitude to the matter of words (which, at the right mo­ment, when confronting with reality, is casuistically replaced by “speech”, which, however, is also verbal). The inefficiency of “language” (and “speech”) lies in the imposition of its own action on verbal “bodies”, while the generation of meaning in natural word-containing communication is entirely carried out by the complex personal impact of the semiotic actor.
Aesthetics of the Event and Subjectivity
Authors:   The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Gryakalov Alexey A.
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the significance of N. Kiyashchenko’s aesthetic studies in the light of the aesthetics of the event. The relevance of the aesthetics of the event is given by the obvious growth in the significance of sensory experi­ence, reaching in the limit to uncontrollable and destructive affective sensuality. The theoretical origins of the aesthetics of the event are correlated with the ideas of Kant, namely with the understanding of “figurative synthesis”: the combina­tion of individual taste and its universality with transcendental synthesis makes it possible to generate new knowledge, which is significant for aesthetic epistemol­ogy and philosophical anthropology. Being built on the basis of the aesthetics of the event, subjectivity combines a direct sensual relationship to life and ref­lection. Aesthesis is understood in its primary sense as the energetic source of the aesthetic relationship – a semantic event where the deep energies and forces of existence and understanding act. In the structure of the original aes­thetic reflection is actualized the idea of spatialization of thought – the topologi­cal strategies of reflection are called to action. The aesthetic is understood in the topological relationship of primary аesthesis, knowledge, spiritual experience, “bare life” and evidence-assertion. It is the eventful manifestation of the aes­thetic situation that is capable of projecting the aesthetic telos into the world, the primary “assembly mechanisms” are “launched” in relation to the ethical, an­thropological, existential and political strategies of meaning genesis. Aesthetic intention turns experience and naming to those meanings that are rooted in di­rectly experienced reality and are symbolically represented in the categorical system. In this regard, we can talk about event-oriented aesthetic thought and the formation of topological subjectivity.
Aesthetics and Metaphysics: Collisions of Modernity
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kormin Nikolay A.
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the topic of the relationship between aesthetics and meta­physics. It considers how this relation emerges in some areas of modern philoso­phizing – domestic and foreign. The author pays special attention to how it is read in the actual-sounding meanings of the classical tradition. Laying down the boundaries within transcendental metaphysics (it goes without saying that the boundaries themselves can change, reshape, be revised), Kant in the third “Critique” believes that the principles of the ability of aesthetic judgment are not part of metaphysics, but can only be adjacent to theoretical and practical philoso­phy. What, in fact, does this proximity to the parts of metaphysics imply, how adequate are the boundaries drawn if we consider them in the totality of ideas and attitudes of critical transcendentalism? Already in the first “Critique” aes­thetics, in fact, enters the metaphysical panorama when Kant uses the artistic technique of personification when discussing the question of the world concept of philosophy. The problem of modern understanding of metaphysics seems even more complicated: it is enough to recall the problem of metaphysical a posteriori analyzed in some works, which opens up significant prospects for the develop­ment of aesthetics. The author then refers to the position of M. Heidegger, which he defines as a skeptical denial of the aesthetic logos of metaphysics. The analy­sis of the works of the German philosopher shows that the connection between aesthetics and metaphysics in modern times becomes the subject of a separate problematization. The varieties of its understanding, which can be generalized as an articulation of the paradoxical character of a aesthetic consciousness, were pro­posed by Russian philosophers as well (V.A. Podoroga, M.K. Mamardashvili).
Aesthetic Judgment Is the Bioconceptography of Vocation
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kiyashchenko Larisa P.
Published: November 2023

Starting from a main task of the round table “Aesthetics in Life and Teaching: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow” (in memory of N.I. Kiyashchenko) the article highlights the most actual subjects of the chosen perspective and analyses its po­tential for further deployment in a polemic way. The author addresses the under­standing of aesthetics as theoretically designed knowledge, what becomes possi­ble due to an appeal to philosophical reflexion and practical activity, that aims to educate the youth in a aesthetic way. The specified combination is considered through an ability of the actor for the formation of aesthetic judgment. It is based on its orientation towards aesthetic, aspiring non-utilitarian, supersensual (I. Kant). The article articulates the specifics of aesthetic judgment and analysis in the sys­tem of modern philosophical knowledge. Aesthetic thinking makes it possible to remove contradictions generated by rigorous adherence to a conceptual ap­paratus that claims to be extremely adequate in the only possible way. From the author’s point of view, the aesthetic directly works with the basic philosophi­cal operation of reflection, filling it with productive content. The modality of aestheticization – the state of personality formation between the highlighted limits of the sensual and the supersensual – is marked as the possibility of its value parameterization in response to the challenges of contesting each other’s vocation and the time in which one is brought to live. The aestheticization of life and theoretical judgment in philosophical categories has significant applications at the level of existential analysis of life in the conditions of mass culture and mass art. The article shows that N.I. Kiyashchenko outlined the current vectors of understanding modernity from the standpoint of aesthetic theory, which can help in solving the contradictions of personality development in new conditions.
The Dispute over “karma”: the Cultural Reception of the Indian Concept in Russian Philosophy in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Razdyakonov Vladislav S.
Published: November 2023

The last third of the 19th century saw a widespread dissemination of Indian philosophical concepts in the European cultural area. The concept of “karma” of­fered a significant ethical and ontological alternative to both materialistic philos­ophy and classical theism and attracted special attention of the general public. The article aims to characterize the interpretation of karma in Russian indology and theosophy in the late 19th – early 20th centuries, and to reveal the key simi­larities and differences of its’ comparative methodology. The materials of the Rus­sian buddhologist F.I. Shcherbatskoy and one of the leaders of the theosophical current in Russia E.F. Pisareva represent main cases of the research. F.I. Shcher­batskoy and E.F. Pisareva looked forward to the neovitalistic concepts for justifi­cation of belief in the existence of spiritual evolution depending on internal rather than external factors. Indology and theosophy used European scientific concepts for a cultural translation of Indian philosophical concepts, but applied different bases of evidence (textual analysis and personal experience) and com­parative methodology. Indology sought, as it is seen in the case of F.I. Shcher­batskoy, to unfold the basics of “eternal philosophy” – just like the tradition of intercultural philosophy did – while theosophy believed it had already been revealed in the works of E.P. Blavatsky and applied it as tool of European cul­tural criticism.
Natural and Artificial Intelligence: Points of Contact
Authors:   The Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Beskova Irina A.
Published: November 2023

The study concerns the problem of the natural intelligence specificity which is cor­related with the prenatal stage of mind forming. At the same time, only those as­pects of the system’s functioning are the subject of consideration in research that become visible from the methodological perspective. These are the modes of non-duality and integrity of the very space of existence, in which not only the main po­tentialities of natural intelligence are laid, but the peculiarities of the contents that have their source in a given period are established also. When person becomes conscious such contents (and mechanisms for their provision) move into the un­conscious sphere. However, they continue to influence the entire universe of hu­man cognition in a significant way: they determine not only the nature and styles of thinking, but also set the cognition’s dynamics that are permissible in such a space of opportunity. In a generalized form, these contents can be characterized as intensional ones, while contents with which the dissociated mind of technocratic culture adult person deals are mainly extensional. Artificial intelligence, that has no knowledge of a non-dual mode of becoming, deals with the extensional facet of the natural mind modeling. To make an approximation to the potentials of natu­ral intelligence functioning more achievable, it is proposed to modify the structure of artificial intelligence systems’ “experience” by adding a mode of free navigation in the space provided for data analysis. Also it seems useful to modify the concept of rationality, by expanding it with two types of contents, whose genesis was corre­lated with non-dual-holistic mode of the mind functioning.
Identification of CERS5 as a novel biomarker for prognosis and immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma: a bioinformatics analysis and functional validation study
Authors: Qiu Peng , Feng Yunxiang , Zhao Kai , Shi Yuanxin , Li Xiangyu , Yao Wei , Deng Zhengdong , Wang Jianming
Published: November 2023

Objective
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an extremely deadly cancer with few effective therapeutic options available. Ceramide synthases (CERS), a family of enzymes that regulate sphingolipid metabolism, have been suggested to play a role in cancer initiation and progression. Whereas the specific functions of CERS in HCC pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated.
Methods
The TCGA and ICGC databases were employed to analyze the expression levels and clinical relevance of CERS genes in HCC. Functional enrichment analyses were performed to identify pathways and functions associated with CERS5. The correlation between CERS5 and the tumor immune microenvironment was investigated. The mutation landscape and immunotherapy efficacy were evaluated. Functional experiments in vitro were conducted to assess CERS5’s impact on HCC cell proliferation and invasion.
Results
Aberrant expression of the CERS family was detected not only in HCC but also in other cancers, and has been linked to both overall survival and disease-free survival. Among the CERS family members, CERS5 was identified as the only prognosis-related gene, with up-regulated in HCC validated in the ICGC database and clinical tissue samples. Higher expression levels of CERS5 were associated with a poorer prognosis as well as an advanced pathologic stage and grade, as confirmed by the TCGA and ICGC databases. Besides, a prognostic nomogram combining pathologic stage, tumor status, and the expression of CERS5 was established and further validated, which suggested a favorable value for prognosis prediction. Functional enrichment analyses showed that the overexpression of CERS5 resulted in enriched pathways associated with carcinogenesis, drug metabolism, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and cancer immune-related pathways. In addition, the overexpression of CERS5 correlated positively with the expression of genes associated with immunogenic cell death modulators and immune checkpoints, levels of immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy response, which was featured in an immunologically “hot” environment in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, the functional experiments showed that CERS5 knockdown has been shown to inhibit the growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, potentially through targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Conclusions
Based on our findings, CERS5 appears to have great potential as both a precise prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in HCC.
Wave Mechanics of Microwave Absorption Films: Part 3 - Multilayered Films
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Ying , Drew Michael G. B.
Published: November 2023

In the field of microwave absorption, the quarter-wavelength theory (QWM) is commonly employed for films with multiple layers. However, this study demonstrates the inadequacy of QWM as it is fundamentally flawed. The conventional results pertaining to films with or without a metal backing are typically applied to the central layers of multilayer films. Nevertheless, this approach is flawed, as it overlooks the presence of incident microwaves on both sides of the central layer, focusing solely on those in front of the film. To address this gap, our work introduces a novel theoretical framework for multilayer films, filling the void in existing literature. This research introduces a new, robust physical approach to understanding Multilayered films.
In Vitro Explant Sterilization and Bud Proliferation Studies on Some Imported Peach Rootstocks
Authors: Eliwa Galal I. , El-Dengawy El-Refaey F. , Gawish Mohamed S. , Yamany Mona M.
Published: November 2023

The present investigation was conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Egypt. The objective of this study was to establish a micropropagation protocol suitable for three imported peach rootstocks {Okinawa (P. persica), Nemared (P. persica × P. davidiana) × P. persica) and Garnem (P. dulcis × P. persica)} In vitro. According to the results, soaking the explants in sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 20% for 15 min achieved the highest value of responsive (82.81%) and survived (96.61%) with a minimum value of dead (3.14%) and contaminated (0.24%). Garnem genotype explants had achieved the best response (89.12%) and Survived (90.62%) with minimum dead (0.00%) and maximum contamination (9.37%). The shoot tips showed the highest responsive, Survived, and dead% (100, 87.40 and12.59% respectively) and minimum significant contaminated (0.00%) in comparison with axillary buds. Also, the explants differed significantly in their percentages of responsive, survived, dead, and contaminated at the different collected dates. The 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations used (3 to 5.0 mg/L-1) demonstrated similar behavior in terms of in vitro proliferation, with rates of 3.77 to 6.11, 4.33 to 8.88 and 3.33 to 7.44 shoots per explant for Okinawa, Nemared, and Garnem peach rootstocks respectively, indicating that the number of shoots proliferation is genotype dependent. Moreover, using 5.0 mg/L-1 BAP in combination with 0.2 mg/L-1 IBA produced higher significant values of average shoot proliferation % (96.29%) as well as number of shoots per explant (7.48) and average Leaves number/explant (16.33) than the other treatments. From these results, we could conclude that indole-butyric acid (IBA) synergists with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) improved adventitious bud development in vitro multiplication of Okinawa, Nemared, and Garnem peach rootstocks.
Pathways to a Carbon-Neutral Uzbekistan: Evaluating CO2 Emission Estimation and Decarbonization Measures for Sustainability
Authors: Turakulov Zafar , Kamolov Azizbek , Norkobilov Adham , Variny Miroslav , Fallanza Marcos
Published: November 2023

As the climate change becomes the greatest issue of this century, countries are looking for sustainable solutions to effectively control their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this way, the transition to a carbon neutral economy is likely to be the top priority in the sustainable management strategies and policies of each country. Uzbekistan, being one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change effects, is taking notable actions to transition towards a low-carbon economy. This study estimates the carbon dioxide (CO2) — the main GHG — emissions trends in Uzbekistan and their sector-by-sector contribution. Additionally, various carbon emissions reduction pathways are discussed emphasizing on the potential for the transition to renewable energy sources (RES) and carbon capture, storage, and utilization (CCSU) technology integration. Apart from that, the possible opportunities and barriers of RES power generation, CCSU integration, and trading infrastructure among Central Asian countries are comprehensively investigated. CO2 concentration of flue gases from different sources is also estimated in order to preliminary calculation of CO2 capture cost. In the end, CO2 utilization pathways and potentials for Uzbekistan is briefly discussed. This paper gives valuable recourses for researchers and decision-makers aiming to reduce the GHG emissions via RES promotion, fossil fuel based industry optimization, and CCSU integration in Uzbekistan.
WITHDRAWN: Soil remediation modulates Cd content and CH4 emission in a karst rice paddy
Authors: Zeng Guangneng , Lu Wangbiao , Song Jiangju , Ni Maofei , Guo Shuangqin , Zhang Qi , Huang Chengling , Yang Cheng , Du Haijun , Luo Weijun
Published: November 2023

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddies are increasingly threatened by cadmium (Cd) pollution, and potentially serve as methane (CH4) emitters to the atmosphere. Remediation agents widely mitigate Cd pollution in paddy soil, however, we know little about their regulations on CH4 emission. Here, via adding biochar (B), sulfhydryl-modified palygorskite (SMP), and selenium foliar fertilizer (SFF), we conducted a pot experiment to investigate soil and rice Cd changes together with in-situ CH4 fluxes. We suggest that SMP, SFF, and mixed B-SMP significantly facilitate Cd remediation. CH4 outgassing increased gradually along the growing season, with the cumulative CH4 fluxes ranging between 338.82 and 619.13 kg∙hm− 2. Agents 7% B, 7% B-0.01% SMP and SFF reduced CH4 emissions by 8.46%, 5.30%, and 4.11%, respectively. Our results highlight that mixed 7% B-0.01% SMP and SFF showed collaborative effects on Cd remediation and CH4 emission. This study reveals the feasibility of reducing Cd pollution and CH4 evasion in a karst rice paddy, which hopes to supplement knowledge of collaborative controls on soil remediation and carbon emission.
Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving forces of vegetation cover variations in the Chengdu-Chongqing region of China under the background of rapid urbanization
Authors: Zhang Luoqi , Zhang Yan , Wang Junyi , Liang Xinyu , Wei Yali
Published: November 2023

The research on the spatiotemporal changes and driving factors of ecosystems in rapidly urbanizing regions has always been a topic of widespread concern. As the fourth pole of China's economic development, the research on the Chengdu-Chongqing region has reference significance for the urbanization process of developing countries such as India, Brazil, and South Africa.The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) has been widely applied in studies of plant and ecosystem changes. Based on MODIS NDVI data from 2001 to 2020 and meteorological data of the same period, this study reveal the evolution of NDVI in the Chengdu-Chongqing region from three aspects: the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of NDVI, the prediction of future trends in vegetation coverage, and the response of vegetation to climate change and human activities. During the period of plant growth, the mean NDVI achieved a value of 0.78, and the vegetation coverage rate is increasing year by year. According to the Hurst index, the future NDVI in Chengdu-Chongqing region will tend to decrease, and its trend is opposite to that of the past period of time. The Chengdu-Chongqing region vegetation positively affected by human activities are greater than those negatively affected, and in terms of vegetation degradation, the impact of human activities is greater than climate change.
Study on water entry of a 3D torpedo based on the improved smooth particle hydrodynamics method
Authors: Zhang Jun , Ding Yanchao , Wu Wei , Li Wenjie , Zhang Zhaoming , JIAO YANMEI
Published: November 2023

The water entry of a torpedo is a complex nonlinear problem, involving transient impact, free surface deformation, droplet splashing, and fluid-solid coupling, which poses severe challenges to traditional mesh methods. The meshless smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method shows unique advantages in capturing the complex features of the water entry of the torpedo. However, it still suffers from some inherent shortcomings, such as low surface discretization accuracy, poor discretization flexibility, and low calculation efficiency. In this study, an improved adaptive SPH algorithm is proposed to accurately and efficiently investigate the water entry of the torpedo. This method integrates meshless point generation and adaptive techniques simultaneously. Numerical results demonstrate that when the torpedo vertically enters the water at different velocities, the induced impact loads acting on the head of the torpedo fluctuate significantly with two peak values at the initial stage and thereafter stabilize at a later stage. The impact load acting on the torpedo, the entry depth of the torpedo, the splash height of the droplets, and the size of the cavity generated around the torpedo increase with the increment of the entry velocity. When the torpedo enters the water at different enter angles under the same initial enter velocity, both the vertical and the horizontal movements of the torpedo are observed, which results in more complex variations of parameters along the x- and y-axes. The findings and the corresponding numerical method in this study can provide a certain basis for the future designs of the entry trajectory and the structural bearing capacity of torpedoes.
Photoinduced and electrochemical induced degradation of the 4th EU watchlist compound venlafaxine
Authors: Voigt Melanie , Dluziak Jean-Michel , Wellen Nils , Langerbein Victoria , Jaeger Martin
Published: November 2023

The European Union require environmental monitoring of the antidepressant drug venlafaxine. Advanced oxidation processes provide a remedy against spread of micropollutants. In this study, the photoinduced and electrochemical decompositions of venlafaxine were investigated in terms of mechanism and efficacy using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution multifragmentation mass spectrometry. Kinetic analysis, structure elucidation, matrix variation and radical scavenging indicated the dominance of a hydroxyl mediated indirect mechanism during photo-degradation, hydroxyl and direct electrochemical oxidation for electrochemical degradation. Oxidants, sulfate and chloride ions acted as accelerants. Humic acid decelerated degradation during UV irradiation, but accelerated during electrochemical oxidation. In silico QSAR analysis predicted decreased environmental hazard after AOP treatment. In general, photo-irradiation proved more efficient due to faster decomposition and slightly less toxic transformation products. Yet, matrix effects would have to be carefully evaluated when potential applications as a fourth purification stage were to be considered.
XX sex chromosome complement modulates immune responses to heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae immunization in a microbiome-dependent manner
Authors: Amato-Menker Carly , Hopen Quinn , Pettit Andrea , Gandhi Jasleen , Hu Gangqing , Schafer Rosana , Franko Jennifer
Published: November 2023

Background
Differences in male vs. female immune responses are well-documented and have significant clinical implications. While the immunomodulatory effects of sex hormones are well established, the contributions of sex chromosome complement (XX vs. XY) and gut microbiome diversity on immune sexual dimorphisms have only recently become appreciated. Here we investigate the individual and collaborative influences of sex chromosome complements and gut microbiome bacteria on humoral immune activation.
Methods
Sham-operated and gonadectomized male and female Four Core Genotype (FCG) mice were immunized with heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae (HKSP). Humoral immune responses were assessed, and X-linked immune-related gene expression was evaluated to explain the identified XX-dependent phenotypes. Ex vivo studies investigated the functional role of Kdm6a, an X-linked epigenetic regulatory gene of interest, in mitogenic B cell activation. Additionally, we examined whether gut microbiome communities, or their metabolites, differentially influence immune cell activation in a sex chromosome-dependent manner. Endogenous gut microbiomes were antibiotically depleted and reconstituted with select short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria prior to HKSP immunization and immune responses assessed.
Results
XX mice exhibited higher HKSP-specific IgM-secreting B cells and plasma cell frequencies than XY mice, regardless of gonadal sex. Although Kdm6a was identified as an X-linked gene overexpressed in XX B cells, inhibition of its enzymatic activity did not affect mitogen-induced plasma cell differentiation or antibody production in a sex chromosome-dependent manner ex vivo. Enhanced humoral responses in XX vs. XY immunized FCG mice were eliminated after microbiome depletion, indicating that the microbiome contributes to the identified XX-dependent immune enhancement. Reconstituting microbiota-depleted mice with select SCFA-producing bacteria increased humoral responses in XX, but not XY, FCG mice. This XX-dependent enhancement appears to be independent of SCFA production in males, while female XX-dependent responses relied on SCFAs.
Conclusions
FCG mice have been used to assess the influence of sex hormones and sex chromosome complements on various sexually dimorphic traits. The current study indicates that the gut microbiome impacts humoral responses in an XX-dependent manner, suggesting that the collaborative influence of gut bacteria and other sex-specific factors should be considered when interpreting data aimed at delineating the mechanisms that promote sexual dimorphism.
Herniation of Amniotic Sac from Urethra as a Unique Presentation for Vesicouterine fistula (VUF): A Case Report
Authors: Almousa Rama , Barakat Osama , Rhayim Roaa , Hawash Shahd , Al-Hamood AbdulMehdi
Published: November 2023

Background
Among all urogenital fistulas Vesicouterine fistula (VUF) is the rarest. The most common cause of VUFs is a previous cesarean section. We report a patient with a unique presentation of VUF, which is a protruded amniotic sac through urethra.
Case presentation
A 29-year-old woman in her fifth pregnancy presented to the emergency department at 24 weeks gestation with an abdominal pain and a sac protruding from vulva during urination thinking she was aborting. The pelvic examination revealed a thin-walled fluid-filled 5 cm × 5 cm- sized clear serous sac protruding from her urethra with no connection of the cervix or bleeding. Gynecologic examination showed partial cervical canal dilation without bleeding or leakage of amniotic fluid. Based on the clinical and ultrasound findings, we suspected a uterine and bladder rupture with the amniotic sac protruding from the urethra, therefor an emergency cesarean section was done. During the procedure, we addressed the fistula and The patient was discharged after a two-day recovery period.
Conclusions
Vesicouterine fistulae could interfere with many other disorders and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in every woman with a protruding amniotic sac.
Efficient preparation of the AKLT State with Measurement-based Imaginary Time Evolution
Authors: Chen Tianqi , Byrnes Tim
Published: November 2023

Quantum state preparation plays a crucial role in several areas of quantum information science, in applications such as quantum simulation, quantum metrology and quantum computing. However, typically state preparation requires resources that scale exponentially with the problem size, due to their probabilistic nature or otherwise, making studying such models challenging. In this article, we propose a method to prepare the ground state of the Affleck-Lieb-Kennedy-Tasaki (AKLT) model deterministically using an measurement-based imaginary time evolution (MITE) approach. By taking advantage of the special properties of the AKLT state, we show that it can be prepared efficiently using the MITE approach. Estimates based on the convergence of a sequence of local projections, as well as direct evolution of the MITE algorithm suggest a constant scaling with respect to the number of AKLT sites, which is an exponential improvement over the naive estimate for convergence. We show that the procedure is compatible with qubit-based simulators, and show that using a variational quantum algorithm for circuit recompilation, the measurement operator required for MITE can be well approximated by a circuit with a much shallower circuit depth compared with the one obtained using the default Qiskit method.
Mechanical Characteristics and Dynamic Seepage Evolution Laws of Inclined Single Fracture Rock Mass Under Three-Dimensional Stress
Authors: Tang Jinzhou , Zhao Yanlin , Yang Ke , Liu Qinjie , Duan Minke , Tang Wenhao , Zhang Minzhen
Published: November 2023

To investigate the influence of fractures on the mechanical and seepage characteristics of rock masses, the fracture network within the rock mass is simplified as a single fracture. Under three-dimensional stress conditions, stress-seepage tests are conducted on inclined single-fracture sandstone rock samples at different confining pressures and water pressures. Three-dimensional surface scanners are used to scan and analyze the morphology of the fractures after the tests, studying the relationship between morphology and mechanical and seepage characteristics. The research results demonstrate that: Confining pressure significantly enhances the peak effective stress and effective crack damage threshold, while water pressure has the opposite effect. Confining pressure also has a positive impact on the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio nonlinearly increased with increasing confining pressure, which can be described by log function. With increasing pore pressure, the elastic modulus exhibited a slight initial increase, followed by a significant decrease after reaching 6 MPa. The Poisson's ratio exhibited a noticeable decrease with increasing pore pressure. A revised permeability calculation formula for a rough single fracture was proposed by introducing the fractal dimension, under three-dimensional stress conditions, permeability is a dynamic evolutionary process that can be divided into two modes. In Mode 1, the evolution of permeability can be divided into three stages: a stage of permeability decrease (stage I), a stage of initial increase followed by decrease (stage II), and a stage of rapid increase (stage III). In Mode 2, due to the absence of new flow channels, only stages I and II are observed. The negative correlation between the fractal dimension of fracture surface morphology and permeability confirms the validity of the permeability calculation formula.
Investigations on materials removal mechanism during laser-assisted grinding silicon nitride ceramics
Authors: Ding Zishan , Teng Yikang , Guo Weicheng , Wu Chongjun , Liang Steven Y
Published: November 2023

Grinding of silicon nitride ceramics has been seen the existence of processing problems such as low processing efficiency and high grinding forces. In response to the problem this paper mainly analyzes the processing mechanism of the laser-assisted grinding process, simulates the grinding process of a single abrasive grain grinding the surface of the silicon nitride microgroove through the coupled simulation of the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH), and finite element method (FEM), and analyzes the change of the material removal process with the grinding force and the depth of damage. The simulation results show that the grinding force and damage depth are significantly reduced when the abrasive grain cuts in the position of microgroove proximity due to the change of microstructure on the crack extension direction. An indentation experiment was carried out on silicon nitride ceramics, when the indenter was pressed in the closer position of the microgroove, the diagonal crack of the indentation would be extended to the side of the microgroove, which showed reasonable agreement with simulation results. It also proved that the laser heat source had a softening effect on the material. Two kinds of microgroove surfaces with different groove spacings were designed, and the laser-induced surfaces were subject to grinding experiments. The experimental results show that compared with the non-groove surface, the micro-grooved surface can significantly reduce the grinding force and improve the machining efficiency, and modifying the parameters of the grinding process can impact the effectiveness of laser-assisted grinding in reducing grinding force.
Exploring the spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer in China: A qualitative study
Authors: Cheng Qinqin , Chen Yongyi , Duan Yinglong , Xie Jianfei , Zhang Qinhui , Zheng Hongling
Published: November 2023

This qualitative study aimed to gain a deep understanding of the spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to thematic analysis. Two researchers coded the interviews independently in NVivo 12 plus and developed major themes and subthemes by inductive and constant comparison. This study was conducted in the inpatient ward of a tertiary cancer hospital in Hunan Province, Chinese Mainland. Eligible participants with advanced cancer were recruited using the purposive sampling method. The sample size was determined by data saturation. All interviews were conducted face-to-face individually from May 2021 to July 2021. A total of 13 patients with advanced cancer patients were interviewed. Six themes were identified, namely being treated as normal and independent individuals, receiving and giving love, seeking inner peace, connecting with spiritual sources, finding meaning and purpose, and preparing for death. Different categories of spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer were identified in this study. Healthcare professionals need to develop interventions that aim to meet patients’ spiritual needs.
Does the technology acceptance model still work in the mobile era : a meta-analysis ?
Authors: Hao Huifen , Zhang Yun , Wu Junyu
Published: November 2023

With the continuous development of intelligent technology, it is an inevitable trend for enterprises to accept and apply technology. But whether the technology adoption model is still effective in the mobile era is worth further study. This paper employs a quantitative meta-analysis of previous research on the technology acceptance model (TAM) use data of 81 article from 2006–2020. Results found that eight potential moderators related to the intrinsic attributes of the technology, the context of the study, and the characteristics of the participants, respectively. Research findings also show that all pairwise relationships of the variables in the focal part of TAM (5 variables and 10 relationships) are significant. Moreover, different moderation effects were found in these significant relationships and managerial implications are proposed.
New mucosal bivalent live-attenuated vaccine is protective against Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Dubois Julia , Ogonczyk-Makowska Daniela , Vacher Clémence , Pizzorno Andres , Brun Pauline , Chupin Caroline , Droillard Clément , Carbonneau Julie , Laurent Emilie , Dulière Victoria , Traversier Aurélien , Terrier Olivier , Julien Thomas , Galloux Marie , Paul Stéphane , Eléouët Jean-François , Hamelin Marie Eve , Boivin Guy , Rosa-Calatrava Manuel
Published: November 2023

Live-Attenuated Vaccines (LAVs) stimulate robust mucosal and cellular responses and have the potential to protect against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), the main etiologic agents of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. We inserted the RSV-F gene into an HMPV-based LAV (Metavac®) we previously validated for the protection of mice against HMPV challenge, and rescued a replicative recombinant virus (Metavac®-RSV), exposing both RSV- and HMPV-F proteins at its surface and expressing them in reconstructed human airway epithelium models. When administrated to BALB/c mice by the intranasal route, bivalent Metavac®-RSV demonstrated its capacity to replicate with reduced lung inflammatory score and to protect against both RSV and lethal HMPV challenges in vaccinated mice while inducing strong IgG and broad RSV and HMPV neutralizing antibody responses. Altogether, our results showed the versatility of the Metavac® platform and suggested that Metavac®-RSV is a promising mucosal bivalent LAV candidate to prevent pneumovirus-induced diseases.
Behavioral responses of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) to different monochromatic lights and light intensities
Authors: Chen Zhen , Fu Wen , Zhang Chun-Fu , Li Hong-Mei , Zhang Jun-Jun , Lou Deng-Ji , Guo Kai-Fei
Published: November 2023

Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) is an important omnivorous insect in tobacco fields. It is of practical scientific significance to regulate the population of N. tenuis by employing insect lure strategies with specific light spectra. In this study, the phototactic behavior of N. tenuis adults and nymphs to 15 kinds of monochromatic lights was examined. N. tenuis adults have a higher response rate and a longer displacement to different light spectra and different light intensities compared with nymphs. N. tenuis adults were more attractived by monochromatic lights at 628, 504, 568 and 589 nm among the 15 monochromatic lights. While N. tenuis nymphs were more attractived by monochromatic lights at 628, 549 and 577 nm, and there was no significant difference between the nymphs' response displacements to monochromatic lights except for red light at 628 nm and darkness treatments. The light intensity significantly affected the phototactic behavior of N. tenuis adults but not nymphs. These results suggested that insect traps with a red light at 628 nm, blue-green light at 504 nm, yellow-green light at 568 nm, and yellow-green light at 589 nm can be used to monitor and regulate N. tenuis population.