bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishing optimal nutrient level of magnesium and boron in black pepper for optimization of productivity in Western Ghats of Kerala
Authors: Beena V I , Geetha P , Prabha Susan Philip , Sureshkumar P , Anusree T , Amrutha S A , Amrutha K K , Nihala Jabin P P , Reji A M , Sruthi K , Behera S K
Published: December 2024

Critical nutrient level of magnesium and boron in soil and plant biomass of black pepper (Piper nigrum) have been estimated in Western Ghats of Kerala by conducting field experiments in three seasons (2018-2020) by magnesium and boron fertilization. Nutrient management in black pepper plantations wins important value due to its wider use as spice all over the world. As black pepper plants are easily prone to Mg and B deficiency, its response to Mg in the form of magnesium sulphate and B as borax was evaluated in terms of yield, plant nutrient content and nutrient status in soil. Effect of Mg as well as B application on the other available nutrients and leaf nutrient content were also determined in the study. Response curves were fitted by plotting relative yield of black pepper with Mg and B in soil and index leaf. The graphical method of Cate and Nelson was used to derive the optimal concentrations of nutrients. The critical levels of magnesium in soil and black pepper leaves were established as 140 mg kg-1 and 0.44 % respectively. Optimum dose of magnesium sulphate for getting highest yield of black pepper was found as 120 kg ha-1 followed by MgSO4 @ 80 kg ha-1. Similarly critical limit of B in the soil and index leaf of black pepper were 0.58 and 21 mg kg-1 respectively. The maximum potential yield was obtained by applying boron as borax at 0.2% via foliar application and at a higher dosage of 2 kg per hectare through soil application.
Characterization of bacterial endophytes of King chilli for biocontrol potential and plant growth promotion
Authors: Rajesha G , Thirugnanavel A , Tej Kumar P J , Chandrakala R , Christy B K Sangma , Deka B C
Published: December 2024

Bacterial endophytes associated with host plants provide various beneficial effects. This study assessed the diversity of bacterial endophytes in King chilli, focusing on their biocontrol potential and plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities. The survey was carried out in King chilli-growing regions and identified anthracnose and fruit rot diseases as significant contributors to economic yield loss. A total of 20 bacterial endophytic isolates were obtained using the sterility check method and identified as Pseudomonas through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In in-vitro studies, isolates P. fluorescens KEB15, P. putida KEB5, and P. putida KEB7 exhibited notable mycelial growth inhibition rates of 66.67 %, 69.26 %, and 66.30 % against Pythium, Fusarium, and Colletotrichum, respectively. Of the 20 isolates, 5, 16, and 17 isolates demonstrated positive production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia (NH3), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), respectively. The efficacy of crude antibiotics from the best-performing antagonistic endophytes was tested against the linear growth of Fusarium, with KEB11 showing the largest inhibition area of 35.14 mm. Sequence analysis using the maximum likelihood method revealed close relationships among the potent Pseudomonas isolates, identifying KEB5 and KEB7 as P. putida and KEB15 as P. fluorescens. Field evaluations indicated that KEB7 was most effective in controlling bacterial wilt, anthracnose, and dieback diseases, achieving a maximum plant height of 85.10 cm and a yield of 3683.67 kg/ha. This study demonstrates that bacterial endophytes can effectively exhibit antifungal activity and promote plant growth in King chilli.
Ecotype variations and endophytic fungal diversity of aquatic angiosperm: A case study with Lagenandra toxicaria Dalz
Authors: Pooja P , Lekshmi E K , Pradeep N S
Published: December 2024

A study on Lagenandra toxicaria ecotypes from Kottavayal, Pakkom and Mattilayam investigated the morphological variations in response to different pot sizes. The experiment employed a completely randomized design with three replicates to ensure reliable results. The researchers used statistical analyses to examine ecotype variations. The Duncan multiple range test calculated the mean separation at a 5% probability level. The study employed cluster analysis using the unweighted pair-group method of arithmetic averages and principal component analysis to identify and visualize the relationships among the samples. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct groups among the ecotypes, thereby shedding light on their relationships. The Kottavayal, Pakkom and Mattilayam ecotypes formed separate clusters, indicating their unique morphological characteristics. These findings provide valuable insights into the morphological diversity of Lagenandra toxicaria ecotypes and their adaptability to different environments. The endophytic fungal diversity details from this study revealed a high level of diversity, with 1408 isolates belonging to 12 families. The highest number of fungal isolates was observed during the summer. The present study revealed that the diversity was higher in the roots than in the leaves, higher than that of the rhizome of Lagenandra toxicaria. Colonization rate, Simpson’s diversity index and Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index were higher in root samples than in leaf and rhizome samples. MANOVA analysis revealed highly significant effects (p < 0.01) of individual factors, including location, season and plant species and their interaction effects. These results indicate that endophytic fungal diversity is significantly influenced by these factors and their interactions at a significance level of 1%.
Biochemical profiling and byproduct utilization of Garcinia aril
Authors: Lekshmi P R G , Aparna G S , Anith K N
Published: December 2024

Garcinia gummi-gutta, commonly known as Malabar Tamarind, is a fruit crop of significant economic value, extensively grown in the southern regions of the Western Ghats. The economically valuable part is the fruit peel or rind, which is used as a seasoning in its dried form, imparting a distinct flavour and taste to food preparations. During processing of the rind, the edible aril, a whitish pulp attached to the seed, is discarded. The aril of G. gummi-gutta fruits has a unique flavour with a sweet-acidic blend. Biochemical profiling of the aril is essential for developing food products with enhanced nutritional benefits. The present study reports the quantification of its biochemical components. Identification and quantification of various sugars and acids were performed using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Fructose (47.44 mg/g) emerged as the predominant sugar, while Hydroxy Citric Acid (522.99 mg/g) was identified as the principal organic acid. Biochemical profiling of the aril revealed its potential for functional food development. The aril contained significant amounts of Hydroxy Citric Acid (2.64 %), known for anti-obesity properties, along with calcium (756.67 ppm), potassium 649.52 ppm, phenols 382.25 mg GAE/g , flavonoids 6.58 mg QE/g, and exhibited 87.32 % antioxidant activity. Ready-to-serve blended fruit beverages were developed using the pulp of G. gummi-gutta aril combined with pomegranate, watermelon or dragon fruit juice. Sensory analysis indicates higher consumer acceptance and enhanced nutritional qualities. The utilisation of G. gummi-gutta byproducts can contribute to food product diversification, providing innovative options for novel products with enhanced taste and health benefits.
Comparison of composite metal oxides as oxygen carrier for methane chemical looping reforming
Authors: Pérez-Méndez Mario Alberto , López-Ortíz Alejandro , Maya-Yescas Rafael
Published: December 2024

The amount of greenhouse gases has increased considerably in recent years. Additionally, the energy required by humanity for daily activities is also on the rise. The planet is facing one of its worst crises, characterized by the overexploitation of fossil fuels due to population growth. It is estimated that by 2050, the global population will exceed 9 billion inhabitants. Chemical looping combustion (CLC), offers a potential solution. This process involves usually two interconnected reactors, usually with a fluidized bed, where combustion takes place in an alternate way. In this process, the oxygen required for combustion is provided by a solid oxygen carrier, the capacity of this depends on the nature of the material and is crucial to define the most effective one by a comparative study. Moreover, methane emissions are a significant concern, as methane is a potent greenhouse gas with a 25 times greater impact on the atmosphere compared to carbon dioxide as greenhouse gases. To address this, methane reforming in chemical cycles, such as Steam Reforming Chemical Looping Combustion (SR-CLC) or chemical looping reforming (CLR), is proposed. Using a Gibbs reactor and oxygen carrier data reported in the literature, the analysis of NiWO4, FeMoO4, Fe2MnO4 and FeZnO4, their operation, energy yield when exposed to a methane stream and the comparison between different forms of reforming schemes, as well as the estimation of the carrier needed for the process, are presented. Results indicate that after calculations, the g-carrier/g-fuel ratio for NiWO4 is almost 100 % higher than the other carriers studied in this work. Water vapor reforming generates 30.0930 kW and a stream of pure hydrogen that can be separated while carbon dioxide reforming is a general endothermic process that requires 12.22 kW of energy for this process scheme. Once the ideal carrier has been analyzed, the proposed future work should focus on the optimal design of a reaction system that will allow it to operate efficiently under the conditions encountered. In addition, it will be necessary to find the replacement rate for the carrier that will allow us to operate our system continuously.
Nonlinear system dynamics simulation of thermal processes in the VVER-1200 reactor core
Authors: Salman Ahmed E. , Louis Heba K.
Published: December 2024

This study presents developing and validating a nonlinear dynamic model for simulating thermal processes in the VVER-1200 reactor core, a third-generation pressurized water reactor with enhanced safety features and improved thermal efficiency. The model employs a point kinetic mathematical approach, incorporating key neutronic parameters extracted from previous analyses of the VVER-1200 under normal operating conditions. These parameters, including neutron flux distribution, power peaking factors, and reactivity coefficients, were integrated into the reactor kinetic model to capture complex feedback mechanisms. In this study, the variation of reactor power with control rod insertion is examined under normal operating conditions. The analysis focuses on how different levels of control rod insertion influence reactor performance, providing insights into optimizing operational efficiency and safety. Monte Carlo code MCNP6 was used to estimate neutronic and kinetic parameters for the proposed model. The model’s validation involved comparing simulation results against detailed Monte Carlo N-Particle calculations, specifically focusing on power changes due to reactivity variations induced by control rod movements. Results showed strong agreement between the nonlinear dynamic model and MCNP calculations. The validated model provides valuable insights into the VVER-1200 core’s thermal behavior under steady-state and transient conditions. It can investigate critical hot spots, identify thermal limits, and assess system perturbation responses. The model’s computational efficiency makes it a practical tool for further optimization and safety analyses of the VVER-1200 design.
A matrix approach to determine optimal predictors in a constrained linear mixed model
Authors: Güler Nesrin , Büyükkaya Melek Eriş
Published: December 2024

For a general vector of all unknown vectors in a constrained linear mixed model (CLMM), this study compared the dispersion matrices of the best linear unbiased predictors with any symmetric matrix for determining the optimality of predictors among others. Using the methodology of block matrix inertias and ranks as well as elementary block matrix operations, some equalities and inequalities are derived for comparisons. Additionally, the comparison findings for the CLMM reduce to special instances of the general vector of all unknown vectors. We also provide some comparison findings between the CLMM and its unconstrained form. Finally, we give a numerical example to illustrate our theoretical findings.
Research and functionalization of konjac glucomannan and its hydrogel in wound dressing
Authors: Shen Jingwen , Li Yanjun , Yong Donglan , Tang Yizhen , Wang Yong
Published: December 2024

In the last decade, polysaccharide dressings have become a popular research area owing to their low toxicities, good biocompatibilities, and their abilities to modulate and accelerate wound healing. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a naturally occurring, neutral polysaccharide that is biocompatible and highly modifiable. In addition, KGM-based hydrogels are innovative wound dressings that effectively promote the healing of injured blood vessels and wound fibres. In this review, we summarise how KGM has been modified and used in hydrogel wound-dressing applications, starting with its material properties and gelation mechanism. We then discuss recent advances in the study of systems for enhancing KGM hydrogels and KGM hydrogel wound dressings, emphasising the special benefits of such hydrogels in terms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, their wound-healing capabilities, as drug carriers and growth promoters, as well as their functionalisation. Finally, this paper discusses the primary obstacles and potential avenues for the advancement of wound dressings with the aim of establishing a theoretical foundation and point of reference for future research into KGM functional materials.
Synthesis and formulation of modified milk protein and its study as an adhesive for wood binding
Authors: Singh Smita , Sengupta Sumanta , Surin Praween , Sen Gautam , Kumar Rajeev , Sinha Sweta
Published: December 2024

[2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAETMAC) was grafted onto the casein backbone using the microwave-assisted technique. It was studied as a bio-based wood binding adhesive for fabrication of single standard lap joints. The hyper branched polymer network formed post grafting facilitated strong adhesion and enhanced the water holding capacity of the developed adhesive. The universal testing machine (UTM) was used to study the failure shear stress. The self-separation time for each grafted protein grade was reported as a study of water resistivity of the adhesive. The programmability of the properties – ‘failure shear stress’ and ‘self-separation time’ were controllable at the molecular level in terms of percentage grafting.
Character Education Model in Wayang Kulit for Early Childhood
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Raharjo Arif Budi , Sahid Nur , Sukanadi I Made , Wicaksana Dewa Ketut , Purnamasari Ni Putu Laras
Published: December 2024

This study explains the character education model in wayang kulit art for early childhood (5 to 6 years old) as one support to form their future personality. This study is based on an action research approach to improve character quality to be better than before. The subjects are male or female students following and understanding character education through wayang kulit. The action method transforms adult puppet into children, concludes figures with positive character, and is responsible for early childhood to be actively involved in education and wayang kulit. The results show that positive character education, such as diligence, sincerity, firmness, helpful, determination, wiseness, humility, fairness, and friendliness, is found in human and animal children characters named Punta, Sena, Juna, Pinten, Tangsen, Bledug, and Belo which follows the child's developmental level rapidly advancing towards the future, and it can be used in the early childhood and kindergarten education environment nationally and internationally. Thus, much support is needed from children's educational institutions and wayang kulit arts, i.e., Kemdikbudristek (Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia), Kemen KPP-PA (Ministry of Women Empowerment and Children Protection of Indonesia), SENAWANGI (National Secretariat of wayang kulit of Indonesia), PEPADI (Association of Indonesian Wayang Kulit), UNIMA, UNICEF, and UNESCO, to achieve a culture-based character education program.
IN VITRO INVESTIGATION OF THE BIODEGRADATION CAPACITY OF POLYURETHANE-UREAS WITH GRAFTED COPOLYMER FRAGMENTS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL-POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL IN STRUCTURE
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv 02155, Ukraine, VISLOHUZOVA TETIANA , ROZHNOVA RITA ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv 02155, Ukraine, KISELOVA TETIANA ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv 02155, Ukraine, KOZLOVA GALYNA ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske Highway, Kyiv 02155, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The study of biodegradation capacity in vitro is one of the essential stages in the development of polymers for medical applications, as it allows predicting the behavior of the materials in vivo. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to investigate the biodegradation capacity of polyurethane-ureas (PUUs) with fragments of 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane (DADPh) as a chain extender and grafted copolymer polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol (PVA-PEG) as a hydrophilic component under in vitro conditions. The biodegradation capacity was evaluated based on the changes in the structure, physical-mechanical, and thermophysical properties of PUUs under the influence of biological medium 199 (BM 199) over incubation periods of 1, 3, and 6 months, using methods such as IR spectroscopy, physical-mechanical testing, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Based on the results of IR spectroscopy studies, under the influence of BM 199, a process of biodegradation of the studied PUUs occurs, which is accompanied by the cleavage of chemical bonds, changes in hydrogen interactions, and structural transformations of the polymer matrix. Based on physical-mechanical tests, after 6 months of incubation, a decrease in strength of 11.9–26.7% and in relative elongation at break of 5.9–13.7% was observed in PUUs compared to the control. DSC analysis revealed that after 6 months of incubation in BM 199, an increase in Tg of 10.6–51.3% and an increase in ΔCp during vitrification of 17.5–46.5% were observed, indicating structural changes during the biodegradation process. Considering the obtained results, the investigated PUUs with DADPh fragments and graft copolymer PVA-PEG in the structure demonstrate biodegradation capacity in vitro with simultaneous structural changes in the polymer matrix. The synthesized PUUs could be a promising polymer matrix for developing bioactive polymer materials with temporary functionality and require further investigation.
Радіальний приріст сосни звичайної поряд зі зрубом суцільної рубки в осередку верхівкового короїда в Поліссі
Authors: Koval Iryna , Andreeva Olena
Published: December 2024

Осередки верхівкового короїда (Ips acuminatus) останнім часом поширилися у насадженнях сосни звичайної (Pinus sylvestris L.) у багатьох країнах Європи, що пов’язано зі зміною клімату та антропогенним навантаженням на ліси. Мета дослідження – виявлення особливостей зміни радіального приросту дерев у сосновому насадженні на ділянках із різним ступенем освітлення після суцільної санітарної рубки в осередках верхівкового короїда в Поліссі.
У чистому середньовіковому сосняку в умовах вологого субору закладено три тимчасові пробні площі – на південно-східній (найбільш освітленій) і північно-західній (найменш освітленій) сторонах зрубу суцільної рубки 2013 р. в осередку верхівкового короїда, а також у лісі (контроль). Аналіз кернів (по 20 шт. з кожної пробної площі), відібраних у 2020 р., здійснено стандартними дендохронологічними і статистичними методами.
Аналіз індексів зміни приросту (GCt) підтвердив, що порушення в деревостані відбулися на освітлених ділянках. Встановлено значущі середні негативні зв’язки між річним радіальним приростом деревини і гідротермічним коефіцієнтом зволоження Г.Т. Селянінова та індексом де Мартонне, які відображають гідротермічні умови поточного року. З комплексним гідротермічним показником Бітвінскаса О3, що відображає гідротермічні умови поточного і трьох попередніх років, виявлено значущий позитивний зв’язок із річним радіальним приростом дерев на контролі.
Керни, відібрані з ділянок, найближче розташованих до зрубу, є крихкими і мають елементи гнилі. Після суцільної санітарної рубки 2013 р. сплеск радіального приросту спостережено у 2014 р., який тривав до 2017 р., після чого відбулося його стрімке зниження, на відміну від контролю. Дендрокліматичний аналіз показав підвищення чутливості радіального приросту дерев сосни залежно від збільшення ступеню освітлення.
Dynamics of dimensional structure and merchantability of aspen stands in the Slobozhansky forest typological district
Authors: Pasternak Volodymyr , Girs Olexandr , Sklyarov Vitaliy
Published: December 2024

The paper provides an analysis of Populus tremula L. stands distribution by types of forest site conditions in the forest fund of the study region, mensurational indicators of stands of this species were determined and the dimensional structure of aspen stands was considered. The article also analyzes the distribution of the trees by diameter. As a result of correlation analysis, a close relationship was established between indicators such as average age (A), average diameter (D), average height (H). The corresponding correlation coefficients range from 0.76 to 0.95. No significant relationships were found for relative density of stocking (P). Models of diameter variability, the ratio of variability of the merchantable part to the total variability of the stand diameter are calculated, taking into account the minimum and maximum diameters of modal stands. The diameter distribution of trees is characterized mainly by a blunt-top curve with right-handed asymmetry. The average values of the skewness of the distributions are 0.553; kurtosis – -1,286. Calculations of diameter distribution models of aspen trunks have shown that the β-distribution is optimal for this object of study. The relationship between the share of merchantable trunks and the age of modal aspen stands has been established.
Tables of merchantable structure dynamics of modal coppice aspen stands are drawn up taking into account the distribution of volumes of merchantable trunks by diameter classes and subclasses of round timber. According to the developed standards of marketability dynamics, the yield of commercial timber is lower (on average by 5%) in the case of its assessing not by diameter at top but by mid-diameter, and the greatest impact is observed at the younger age of stands (30-40 years).
The standards of trees distribution by diameters and dynamics of merchantable structure of modal aspen stands taking into account distribution of commercial wood by diameter classes allow increasing accuracy of parameters assessment of aspen stands in the Slobozhansky forest typological district.
Поширення, ріст і структура сосново-букових деревостанів Львівського Розточчя
Authors: Krynytskyy Hryhoriy , Debryniuk Lubomyr-Olexandr , Kovaleva Valentyna , Korol Mykola , Kramarets Volodymyr , Krynytska Olga , Kuziv Roman , Lavnyy Vasyl , Lutsiv Natalia , Myklush Stepan , Skolskyy Ihor , Yakhnytsky Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

У рівнинній частині західного регіону України сосново-букові лісостани поширені лише у фізико-географічних районах – Розточчя та Опілля. Їх загальна площа становить 8204,5 га, з них 6246,5 га (76,13%), зайняті деревостанами природного походження, 1890,8 га (23,05%) – лісовими культурами, 5,5 га (0,07%) – рідколіссями, 20,0 га (0,24%) – насадженнями природного походження з домішкою лісових культур, 41,2 га (0,50%) – незімкнутими лісовими культурами, 0,5 га (0,01%) – ремізами.
На основі даних про склад і продуктивність деревостанів, ріст головних деревних видів – сосни звичайної та бука лісового, видовий склад підросту, підліску і трав’яного вкриття уточнено лісотипологічне поширення сосново-букових лісостанів. В умовах Розточчя сосново-букові лісостани формуються у свіжих і вологих суборах та свіжих і вологих сугрудах. Водночас частина сосново-букових лісових культур була створена у невластивих для сосни звичайної типах лісорослинних умов – свіжому та вологому грудах.
Найбільшу площу посідають сосново-букові деревостани, у складі яких як сосна звичайна, так і бук лісовий представлені невеликою часткою – в межах 10% від запасу (відповідно, 21,2% та 21,0% від усієї площі). Порівняно значну площу займають також сосново-букові лісостани з часткою сосни 8 од. (12,1%) та часткою бука 6 од. (10,8%).
Віковий діапазон сосново-букових деревостанів Розточчя охоплює ХІХ десятирічних класів, а розподіл їх площі за класами віку дуже нерівномірний. Найбільші площі деревостанів припадають на VIII-й, VII-й, IX-й і X-й класи віку (відповідно, 24,4; 17,3; 13,8; і 10,1% від усієї площі (65,6%). Водночас незначні площі сосново-букових деревостанів припадають на І-й, ІІ-й, ІІІ-й, ІV-й і V-й  класи віку (разом 9,9%). За групами віку на пристиглі та середньовікові деревостани припадає, відповідно, 31,4 і 41,7%, на молодняки І-го і ІІ-го класів – 3,3 і 3,0% від усієї площі; перестійні деревостани займають лише 0,8% площі.
Найпоширенішими є сосново-букові деревостани, які мають відносну повноту 0,7 (40,4%). Більшість лісостанів за участю в складі сосни звичайної і бука лісового відзначаються високою продуктивністю. Деревостани характеризуються переважно І та Іа класами бонітету (43,3 і 37,1% від загальної площі). Середньозважений бонітет деревостанів за участю сосни і бука становить Іа,6, середньозважений запас деревини на 1 га – 333 м3. Найвищим запасом характеризуються середньовікові деревостани – 362 м3∙га-1. Запаси пристиглих, стиглих і перестійних сосново-букових деревостанів на 1 га становлять, відповідно, 97,0, 90,3 і 93,9% від запасу середньовікових, а запаси молоднякiв І-го і ІІ-го класів – 9,4 і 39,5%.
Загалом, сосново-букові лісостани Розточчя характеризуються високими лісівничо-таксаційними показниками. Їхні запаси у сприятливих лісорослинних умовах можуть досягати 420-460 м3∙га-1.
Лісівничі особливості регіоналізації лісового репродуктивного матеріалу
Authors: Danchuk Oleg , Blystiv Vasyl , Yurkiv Zinovii , Vovchanskyi Vitaly
Published: December 2024

Використання лісового репродуктивного матеріалу для лісокультурних потреб передбачає необхідність урахування вимог лісонасінного районування. На підставі досліджень нормативних матеріалів країн ЄС встановлено, що діюча на сьогодні в Україні система лісонасінного районування лісотвірних деревних видів потребує зміни. У цьому аспекті висвітлено питання допустимих меж, напрямів та відстаней переміщення різних категорій лісового репродуктивного матеріалу на основі його походження та відповідних схем регіоналізації лісотвірних видів на території України. Запропоновано впровадження нових положень у сучасну модель лісонасінного районування України, що базуються на засадах лісової типології, геоботанічного та фізико-географічного районувань території держави.
Впровадження регіоналізації лісового репродуктивного матеріалу полягає в уточненні територій і назв районів за аналогом геоботанічного районування, шифруванні регіонів походження на лісотипологічній основі та внесенні  до нього додаткових,  важливих для ведення лісового господарства лісотвірних видів.  
Впровадження принципу  регіоналізації лісового репродуктивного матеріалу забезпечує необхідні умови отримання і введення в обіг цього матеріалу на засадах імплементації у нормативну базу лісового насінництва і розсадництва Директиви 1999/105/ЄС від 22 грудня 1999 року «Про маркетинг лісового репродуктивного матеріалу».
Сутність регіоналізації  лісового репродуктивного матеріалу спрямована на створення важливих для потреб лісового господарства нормативних умов використання високоякісного і генетично пристосованого до різноманітних лісорослинних умов насіння та садивного матеріалу, збереженні і розширенні біорізноманіття у лісах України.
На підставі аналізу виявлених відповідностей та відмінностей, а також результатів сучасних досліджень в Україні з цього напряму, запропоновано шляхи запровадження регіоналізації лісового репродуктивного матеріалу у лісовому господарстві.
Використано нормативні документи і рекомендації у сфері лісового насінництва та розсадництва, які встановлюють базові поняття і терміни. Також  встановлено і проаналізовано ключові позиції у нормативній базі окремих країн Євросоюзу та опрацьовано лісотипологічну характеристику досліджуваної території.
Особливості розмноження рослин Fagus silvatica L. в культурі in vitro
Authors: Lisovyi Mykola , Ivaniuk Andrii
Published: December 2024

Проведено експериментальні дослідження процесу мікроклонування бука лісового, а саме: отримання стерильної культури, ініціація росту, укорінення та адаптація клонів до умов in vivo. Наведено вплив концентрації те експозиції реагентів-стерилянтів на успішність деконтамінації вихідних експлантів досліджуваного виду. Як вихідні експлантанти використано апекси із верхівкових бруньок, заготовлених у другій половині лютого. Застосовано ступінчасту схему деконтамінації рослинного матеріалу наступним чином: 15 с – 96%-й етанол; 24 год – протічна водою із детергентом; 15 хв – 30%-й розчин хлорки; 10 с – 70%-й етанол; 15 с – 2%-й розчин пероксиду водню; 10 хв – 0,2%-й нітрат срібла із промиванням після кожного реагенту стерильною дистильованою водою; 10-15 с– 10%-й розчин "Цефазолін-КМП". Для ініціації експлантів протестовано живильні середовища Р-24, WPM та MS, модифіковані ауксинами НОК, ІОК, ІМК та цитокінінами БАП і кінетин у різних концентраціях та комбінаціях. Реалізація ризогенезу проходила на середовищі MS із зменшеною у 2-4 рази концентрацією основних мінеральних солей з тими ж стимуляторами, як для ініціації. Адаптацію клонів виконували на наступних субстратах: суміш дернового ґрунту з великозернистим піском і торфом у співвідношенні 1:1:1; великозернистий пісок; дерновий ґрунт з великозернистим піском (1:1); готові торфотаблетки ("Jiffy-7 Forestry"). Встановлено, що найбільшу кількість ініційованих експлантів бука лісового (96%) забезпечує живильне середовище MS, модифіковане стимуляторами 2,0 мг/л НОК + 0,5 мг/л ІМК + 0,5 мг/л К+ 0,5 мг/л БАП. Доведено, що підвищений вміст ауксину чи цитокініну, або повна відсутність одного з них спричиняє загибель рослинного матеріалу. Успішне  адвентивне коренеутворення експлантів бука лісового (96%) забезпечує використання живильного середовища за рецептом: 0,5 МS + 1,0 мг/л НОК + 1,0 мг/ ІМК. У випадку зниження кількості мінеральних солей у чотири рази значно зменшується здатність рослин-регенерантів до ризогенезу. Найефективнішим субстратом для адаптації клонів бука лісового є простерилізовані торфотаблетки, які забезпечили 94% життєздатних рослин на 30-ту добу культивування.
Лісівничо-таксаційна характеристика природних ялинових деревостанів вологої буково-ялицевої сусмеречини Українських Карпат
Authors: Myklush Stepan , Myklush Yuriy , Khomiuk Petro , Debryniuk Iurii
Published: December 2024

Ялинові деревостани в Українських Карпатах ростуть у суборах, сугрудах і грудах, переважно на висотах 600-1300 м н.р.м., виконують захисні, рекреаційно-оздоровчі та експлуатаційні функції. У найпоширенішому типі лісу – вологій буково-ялицевій сусмеречині, який формується на південно-західному і північно-східному мегасхилах Українських Карпат, ростуть чисті ялинові та мішані буково-ялицево-ялинові деревостани. Найбільші площі деревостанів за участі ялини європейської зосереджені на висотах від 900 до 1100 м н.р.м. – 48,3%, а їхній загальний запас становить 51,7% від загального запасу деревини у цьому типі лісу. У цьому ж висотному діапазоні найвищий середній запас становить близько 470 м3∙га-1 за середнього значення для всіх ялинників цього типу лісу – 427 м3∙га-1. Запаси старовікових ялинових деревостанів на висоті 1100-1200 м н.р.м перевищують 600 м3∙га-1 . Зі зростанням висоти над рівнем моря збільшуються площі насаджень старшого віку, зменшуються їхні відносна повнота і запаси. Найпродуктивніші природні ялинові деревостани у природоохоронних лісах характеризуються найбільшими запасами за повноти 0,85-0,90 та 0,70-0,80 – в експлуатаційних лісах, але в них після 100-річного віку переважають деревостани з повнотою 0,50-0,60. Зі збільшенням висоти над рівнем моря площа чистих за складом ялинових деревостанів зростає, а частка у складі бука лісового та ялиці білої після висоти 800 м н.р.м. поступово зменшується. Виявлено певні відмінності у зміні середніх висот і діаметрів ялинових лісостанів на різних висотах над рівнем моря. Зокрема, ялинові молодняки на висоті 800-900 м н.р.м. характеризуються найменшими таксаційними показниками. Встановлено, що найбільший збіг показників росту досліджуваних ялинових деревостанів спостерігається з даними досліджень, що виконані  Є.І. Цуриком для деревостанів І класу бонітету, а найменший – з даними О.І. Пітікіна для густих ялинових деревостанів у вологій буково-ялицевій сусмеречині, які характеризуються найбільшими запасами та за даними Г.Г. Гриника і О.М. Гриник – з найменшими запасами. За умови вирощування насаджень за відносної повноти 0,8 у віці 120 років досліджувані деревостани на висоті 900-1100 м н.р.м. можуть нагромаджувати запас деревини до 900 м3∙га-1; дещо менші запаси – на висоті 801-900 м і найменші – на висоті 700-800 м над рівнем моря. В умовах вологої буково-ялицевої суcмеречини на висоті 900-1100 м н.р.м. формуються найсприятливіші умови для вирощування найпродуктивніших, біотично стійких, мішаних за складом буково-ялицево-смерекових деревостанів.
Pedagogical strategies for enhancing physical activity: A systematic review of trends and approaches
Authors: Jagiello Marina , Lochbaum Marc
Published: December 2024

Background and purpose of the study. In modern society, issues of physical health and an active lifestyle are becoming increasingly relevant. However, despite the growing interest in this topic, there is a need for a more in-depth understanding of the pedagogical aspects of physical activity. The purpose of this study is to analyze academic publications on the pedagogical aspects of physical activity to identify current trends, issues, and prospects in this field.
Materials and Methods. The Web of Science database was used as the source of information. Articles published over the last 10 years were extracted. The search was conducted using the keywords "Pedagogy" and "Physical Activity". As a result of the search, 93 scientific articles were selected. A special algorithm in the Python programming language was developed for analyzing and synthesizing data from the selected articles.
Results. The analysis of the retrieved publications highlighted two major research themes. The theme "Physical Activity and Health" with 5 subgroups emphasizes the importance of physical activity and pedagogical methods in the educational process and public health. The results illustrate the link between physical activity and improved health, cognitive functions, as well as supporting motivation and autonomy among participants. The significance of integrated approaches and personalized strategies aimed at enhancing quality of life and educational effectiveness is also highlighted. Research in the area of "Physical Education and Pedagogy" with 4 subgroups demonstrates approaches that contribute to physical and psychological well-being. Physical literacy remains an important strategy for developing sports skills and for promoting a healthy lifestyle from an early age. It is noted that effective physical education can significantly enhance academic achievements, emphasizing the importance of implementing comprehensive educational programs.
Conclusions. The research results emphasize the importance of integrating physical health improvement strategies into healthcare policies. Attention is focused on the need for health monitoring and improving access to a healthy environment for all segments of the population. Special attention should be given to preventive measures related to lifestyle improvement and increasing physical activity to combat chronic diseases. The studies confirm that to enhance educational and health-preserving outcomes, it is important to promote policies that support the integration of physical activity into the daily academic and extracurricular lives of participants of all age groups.
Safe development of coordination abilities in 11-year-old basketball players through aerobics
Authors: Heitenko Vladyslav , Prystynskyi Volodymyr , Prystynska Tetyana
Published: December 2024

Background and purpose of the study. Coordination abilities are a key element in the successful execution of technical basketball skills. In this context, developing appropriate comprehensive training programs that do not harm health is a critically important task. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of aerobics training on the coordination abilities of basketball players at the initial training stage.
Materials and methods. The study involved 11-year-old basketball players (n=30). The tests used included: movement in a defensive stance; dribbling (with direction changes and cone dribbling); static balance (standing on one leg); and passing the ball to a target. The Student's t-test was used to compare the results of different training methods.
Results. Significant improvements were observed in all tests within the experimental group: the time for movement in a defensive stance decreased from 15.18±0.4 to 12.86±0.40 seconds (p<0.001); the time for dribbling decreased from 10.78±0.3 to 8.56±0.31 seconds (p<0.001); the time for static balance increased from 11.14±0.2 to 18.78±0.45 seconds (p<0.001); and the number of hits when passing the ball to a target increased from 5.21±0.61 to 7.81±0.75 times (p<0.01). In the control group, no statistically significant changes were found. However, the number of hits when passing the ball to a target increased from 4.8±0.54 to 5.8±0.58 times (p>0.05).
Conclusions. Aerobics training significantly improves the coordination abilities of young 11-year-old basketball players without compromising their health. The results of the study demonstrated the effectiveness of aerobic exercises in developing the skills necessary for the successful execution of technical basketball maneuvers. The absence of significant changes in the control group confirms the advantages of incorporating comprehensive training programs that include aerobics.
The impact of a hazardous external environment on the quality of life, physical activity, and health of students in Ukraine, Poland, and Romania
Authors: Potop Vladimir , Vypasniak Igor , Ivanyshyn Iryna , Lutskyi Vasyl , Kryventsova Iryna , Shesterova Lyudmila , Prusik Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. The issue of quality of life, physical activity, and health of students is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. Daily shelling of cities and settlements for over two years may have significantly affected the quality of life of Ukrainian students. While students in Poland and Romania do not experience the direct impact of military actions, regional instability and mass migration processes may also influence their health and well-being. In this context, the aim of the study is to identify key trends and issues related to the quality of life and health of students in Ukraine, Poland, and Romania.
Materials and Methods. The study involved students from Ukraine (n=193), Poland (n=40), and Romania (n=215). The SF-36 questionnaire, adapted into three languages: Ukrainian, Polish, and Romanian, was used to assess quality of life. Data collection was conducted online. The results were processed using PyCharm CE and specialized Python codes with relevant libraries. Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α Cronbach's = 0.765) was used to assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire responses. Factor analysis was conducted, with the number of factors (8) determined using the Kaiser criterion. The Mann-Whitney U test was used. Mean values, standard deviations, and percentage ratios were calculated. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results. Data analysis revealed significant differences in quality of life, physical activity, and health of students depending on the country and gender. Ukrainian students, affected by the ongoing conflict, showed a substantial decrease in mental health indicators. The average mental health score for Ukrainian female students was 25.42%, and for male students, it was 23.92%. This indicates high levels of stress and anxiety caused by constant threats and instability. Polish students are older than Romanian and Ukrainian students, with the highest indicators of height and weight. In Poland, women reported better mental health (58.67±15.94) compared to men (55.09±12.82). Men demonstrated better physical health indicators (50.50±6.96) compared to women (47.58±6.57). In Romania, men showed better results in the psychological health component (42.79±8.61) compared to women (39.67±8.70) and higher physical functioning scores.
Conclusions. The results of the analysis highlight that the war in Ukraine significantly impacts the physical and mental health of Ukrainian students. The considerable cross-country differences in student health indicators underscore the need to consider the specific conditions and challenges faced by students in different countries. These differences are particularly important for developing targeted programs that can effectively support students in wartime conditions.
Modern pedagogical aspects in the context of improving physical and psychological health: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Korobeinikova Lesia , Iermakov Sergii , Korobeynikov Georgiy
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. Modern education increasingly integrates pedagogical methods to enhance both the academic achievements and overall well-being of various population groups. Despite these efforts, challenges remain in effectively applying these approaches to improve health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to analyze contemporary pedagogical approaches and their effectiveness in the context of improving physical and psychological health based on a review of scientific publications.
Material and Methods. This study is based on a systematic review of literature conducted using the Web of Science database. The focus is on publications from the last ten years to assess the most current trends and approaches in pedagogy. The study was planned and conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. For detailed analysis of the content of the articles, a specialized Python script was developed. Quantitative text analysis methods were applied to identify key themes and directions within the field.
Results. The analysis showed that modern pedagogical approaches, including active learning methods, multimedia technologies, and cross-disciplinary programs, significantly contribute to the improvement of the physical and psychological conditions of participants in the educational process. The impact of critical thinking and media literacy on the level of awareness about health saving practices among participants is particularly significant.
Conclusions. The analysis showed that modern pedagogical approaches, including active learning methods, multimedia technologies, and cross-disciplinary programs, significantly improve the physical and psychological conditions of participants in the educational process. The influence of critical thinking and media literacy on participants' awareness of health saving practices is particularly significant
Modern methods and means of physical culture in the rehabilitation of various population groups: a systematic review
Authors: Jagiello Marina , Lochbaum Marc
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. The influence of physical culture on the health improvement of various population groups requires analysis and the search for promising research directions. At the same time, the methods and means of physical culture used in rehabilitation are diverse and need systematization and clarification. The aim of the study is to review contemporary methods and means of physical culture applied in the rehabilitation of various population groups. Additionally, the study aims to identify trends and promising research directions.
Materials and Methods. The study involved searching for articles within the Web of Science (WoS) database for the period from 2014 to 2024. The initial search using the keyword "physical culture" and its variations yielded 1198 documents. A refined search with the keyword "rehabilitation" and its variations resulted in 70 articles. The data were exported in Plain text format. For preliminary processing of the extracted references, the PyCharm CE development environment and custom Python scripts were used. Descriptive statistics and content analysis methods were applied for data analysis.
Results. The most cited articles and eight key research themes in the field of physical rehabilitation were identified. The main results indicate that contemporary rehabilitation technologies and methods of adaptive physical rehabilitation significantly improve the physical and psychological health of various population groups. The importance of pedagogical, psychological, and social aspects in the training of rehabilitation specialists was also highlighted.
Conclusions. Modern methods and means of physical culture in rehabilitation prove their effectiveness in improving physical and mental health, promoting social integration, and enhancing the quality of life for various population groups. The study emphasizes the need for continuous innovation and comprehensive training of specialists who integrate physical and psychological rehabilitation strategies.
Physical culture and recreation: a systematic review
Authors: Yermakova Tetiana
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in physical culture and recreation due to their significant impact on population health and quality of life. This work aims to systematically review research in the field of physical culture and recreation to identify current trends, issues, and prospects.
Materials and Methods. The search for publications was conducted in the Web of Science database using the keywords "Physical Culture" and "Recreational." As a result, 1192 publications were found, of which 69 were selected for detailed analysis after excluding irrelevant ones. Data extraction and classification into five categories were performed using Python.
Results. The analysis revealed that the main research directions include the impact of physical activity on health; the organization and management of sports events; educational aspects of physical culture; social and psychological aspects of recreational activities; and innovative approaches in the field of physical culture. The results showed that physical culture in the context of recreation significantly impacts health and quality of life, playing an important role in the social and cultural context. Modern trends in the development of physical recreation were identified, as well as the significant influence of physical activity and socio-demographic factors on the population's quality of life.
Conclusions. The systematic analysis showed that research in the field of physical culture and recreation is crucial for the development of a healthy lifestyle and social integration. The results highlight the need for further research and the implementation of innovative practices to improve the population's quality of life and health.