bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inventarisasi Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos Di Pesisir Pantai Rontu
Authors: Ferawati Ferawati , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Rahmawati Anita , Iqbal Muhammad , Azmin Nikman
Published: October 2021

Wilayah pesisir pantai Rontu Kabupaten Bima digunakan untuk berbagai macam seperti kegiatan pariwisata bahari, pemukiman dan lain-lain. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos Di Pesisir Pantai Rontu Kabupaten Bima. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitin ini yaitu metode purposive sampling. Untuk melihat tingkat keanekaragaman dapat di analisis dengan rumus Shannon-Wiener. Hasil penelitian keanekaragaman makrozoobentos di pesisir pantai Rontu Kabupaten Bima, hanya ditemukan di stasiun 1 sedangkan stasiun 2 dan 3 tidak ditemukan makrozoobentos dan di peroleh makrozoobentos yang terdiri dari 4 kelas yaitu kelas Gastropoda, Echinoidea, Bivalvia dan Crustacea dengan jumlah spesies yaitu 33 dan jumlah individu sebanyak 159. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman 2.85, di kategorikan indeks keanekaragaman yang tergolong sedang, hal ini dikarenakan nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) yang diperoleh 1<H’≤ 3. Nilai indeks kemerataannya 0.81 di kategorikan penyebaran jenis merata, hal ini dikarenakan nilai indeks kemerataan 0,75 maka penyebaran jenis merata. Frekuensi kehadiran sebesar 25.92% dengan rata-rata 8.64% dan 7 kali muncul dan termasuk kategori frekuensi kehadiran jarang muncul. indeks kelimpahan tertinggi yaitu spesies Rhinoclavis sinensis dengan nilai kelimpahan 19.49% dengan rata-rata 6.49% sedangkan indeks kelimpahan terendah salah satunya spesies yaitu Nassarius collomoni dengan nilai kelimpahan 0.62% dengan rata-rata 0.20%
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT PADA KANTOR KELURAHAN MANDE KOTA BIMA
Authors: Sandi Ahmad , Hs Jasman , Muchlisa Dewi Ratna
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat pada kantor Kelurahan Mande Kota Bima. Jenis penelitian ini penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan empirik yang dilakukan selama 2 bulan. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui angket dengan dua indikator yaitu kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan masyarakat. Teknis analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik dengan rumus korelasi product moment, teknik analisis koresional ini dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh variabel kualitas pelayanan (X), terhadap variabel kepuasan masyarakat (Y). Hasil anaisis menunjukan bahwa ada Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat pada Kantor Kelurahan Mande Kota Bima, hal ini ditunjukan oleh hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan yaitu nilai rxy 0,44 sedangkan nilai rtabel 0,334. Dengan demikian Ha (Hipotesis Alternatif) yang berbunyi Ada Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat pada Kantor Kelurahan Mande Kota Bima, yang ditunjukan oleh nilai rxy 0,44 > nilai rtabel 0,334, artinya semakin baik Kualitas Pelayanan maka Masyarakat akan semakin Puas dengan Pelayanan Publik di Kelurahan Mande Kota Bima, sebaliknya bila Kualitas Pelayanan rendah maka Kepuasan Masyarakat akan pelayanan Publik pada Kelurahan Mande menjadi kurang puas.
Making the COVID-19 pandemic visible: Grass-roots mapping initiates in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: de Souza e Silva Adriana
Published: October 2021

During this past year, digital maps have been used around the world to spatially display COVID-19 cases and deaths. Some of these maps aggregate official government data, and others are built with user-generated content. Particularly in low-income communities, where residents do not have proper access to tests, user-generated maps help people understand the scope of the pandemic. Two examples of grass-roots initiatives that use maps to make the pandemic visible are Conexão Saúde and Painel Unificador de Favelas. Both emerged in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), one of the countries mostly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper describes the implementation of these initiatives, considering how networked grass-roots approaches can be effective in locally mapping a pandemic. The findings reveal that the interconnection among mobile platforms, community leaders and NGOs are critical socio-technical assemblages that help visualize a public health crisis that would otherwise remain invisible to the world.
"IF YOU CAN'T SEE IT, YOU CAN'T BE IT" -OUTREACH CHALLENGES IN PREPARING THE YOUNG GENERATION FOR A CAREER IN THE SPACE INDUSTRY
Authors: Rodríguez Daniela , Timermmans Remco , Holling Emma , Isaiah Oniosun Temidayo
Published: October 2021

This paper is the result of an international, intercultural and interdisciplinary study on the outreach challenges of preparing students between the ages of 15 and 25 years for a career in the space industry. This qualitative study aimed to find and compile the best outreach practices and recommendations for engaging young people in an increasingly diverse world. Traditionally, space outreach has been biased and limited to a small number of careers in leading nations in the space industry. With the industry undergoing huge changes, new space actors are emerging even in nations that lack a national space program. Thus a new challenge for outreach professionals is to paint a realistic and updated picture of the paths towards a career in space in this new industry for their young audience. Not only have opportunities for space outreach grown in new geographies, with their own cultural and lingual characteristics, but also in traditional space nations, which are driving towards a more inclusive and diverse communication to their audiences.This paper is built around a literature study into outreach for diversity in the space industry, plus a survey among space outreach practitioners around the world. The analysis of this survey, in the context of literature findings, leads to new insights into outreach practices for new space audiences, the challenges involved in engaging these new audiences, and in providing them with an objective perspective of career opportunities in the local and international space sector. The analysis includes topics like the diversity of role models and the advantages of using varied channels to reach young audiences. The paper concludes with a set of practical recommendations for space outreach professionals and researchers.
Pathophysiological and Clinical Aspects of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Current Concepts
Authors: Vlaminck Stephan , Acke Frederic , Scadding Glenis K. , Lambrecht Bart N. , Gevaert Philippe
Published: October 2021

Adult chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses. According to the latest EPOS guidelines CRS should be regarded as primary or secondary with distinction between diffuse and localized disease. Further pathophysiologic research identified different inflammatory patterns leading to the term “endotyping of CRS.” The primary focus of endotyping is to define a dominant inflammatory type allowing for better orientation of therapy. The current approach proposes the differentiation between type 2 (eosinophilic) and non-type 2 inflammatory responses. In this review pathophysiological concepts of CRS will be discussed, focusing on the different inflammatory endotypes of T cells with special attention to the eosinophilic type 2 inflammatory response. The contribution of innate and adaptive immune system responses is presented. The possibility of endotyping based on sinonasal secretions sampling is brought to attention because it is indicative of corticosteroid responsiveness and available to most ENT surgeons. Furthermore, the clinical aspects of the three distinct phenotypes are analyzed in view of their characteristics, the related endoscopic findings, typical radiological imaging, histopathology findings, their relation toward allergy and obvious therapeutical implications. This overview will enable clinicians to relate pathophysiological patterns with clinical observations by explaining the different inflammatory mechanisms, hence providing a better understanding of therapy.
Investigating Changes in Cardiac Function and Structure of Left Ventricle by Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Patients With Hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease
Authors: Li Binyi , Li Zheng , Huang Yong
Published: October 2021

Subclinical hyperthyroidism is a common thyroid dysfunction that can lead to cardiovascular complications. It is necessary to understand the treatment strategy in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the changes in cardiac function and left ventricular (LV) structure by speckle-tracking echocardiography in patients with hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease. PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and SinoMed were searched for targeted articles, from inception till November 26, 2020, without any language restriction. All studies that evaluated changes in cardiac function and LV structure by speckle-tracking echocardiography in patients with hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease were screened. Included studies met the following inclusion criteria: (1) study population diagnosed with hyperthyroidism or Graves' disease; (2) patients without treatment and are undergoing speckle-tracking echocardiography; (3) necessary data could be extracted from original studies; (4) studies published in English or Chinese; and (5) if the study population was duplicated, only one study from the same institution that provided detailed information or newly published article was selected. All relevant articles from the above databases were screened and assessed according to the inclusion criteria by two reviews independently. Inverse variance methods with random-effects were employed to pool the mean differences (MDs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Ten studies with 483 patients and 434 healthy controls were included for data extraction and meta-analysis. On comparing patients with healthy controls, two-dimensional echocardiography revealed significant differences in several parameters including interventricular septal thickness (IVST) [mean difference (MD): 0.43, 95% CI = 0.12–0.73, P < 0.05] and left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) (MD: 1.42, 95% CI = 0.33–2.52, P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (P < 0.05), global longitudinal strain (P < 0.05), and global circumferential strain (P < 0.05) demonstrated by three-dimensional echocardiography. These findings suggested that left ventricle (LV) function evaluated by speckle-tracking echocardiography showed significant impairment in patients with hyperthyroidism. However, additional original studies and meta-analyses are warranted for an in-depth investigation.
A Learning Health System Framework to Operationalize Health Data to Improve Quality Care: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Enticott Joanne C. , Melder Angela , Johnson Alison , Jones Angela , Shaw Tim , Keech Wendy , Buttery Jim , Teede Helena
Published: October 2021

Our healthcare system faces a burgeoning aging population, rising complexity, and escalating costs. Around 10% of healthcare is harmful, and evidence is slow to implement. Innovation to deliver quality and sustainable health systems is vital, and the methods are challenging. The aim of this study is to describe the process and present a perspective on a coproduced Learning Health System framework. The development of the Framework was led by publicly funded, collaborative, Academic Health Research Translation Centres, with a mandate to integrate research into healthcare to deliver impact. The focus of the framework is “learning together for better health,” with coproduction involving leadership by an expert panel, a systematic review, qualitative research, a stakeholder workshop, and iterative online feedback. The coproduced framework incorporates evidence from stakeholders, from research, from data (practice to data and data to new knowledge), and from implementation, to take new knowledge to practice. This continuous learning approach aims to deliver evidence-based healthcare improvement and is currently being implemented and evaluated.
Susceptibility of Dog, Hamster, and Mouse Cells to the Replication-Competent Adenovirus 11p E1/E3 Green Fluorescence Protein Vector Has Implications for the Selection of Animal Vaccine Models
Authors: Gokumakulapalle Madhuri , Wang Li , Mei Ya-Fang
Published: October 2021

Human adenovirus (Ad)-vectored vaccines require viruses that can internalize into host cells and express the vaccine antigen. Evaluation of the expressed antigen in animal cells is a critical step in preclinical trials of viral vaccines. Due to the species specificity of Ads, it is difficult to find a suitable animal model. Thus, in this study, we compared the efficacy of Ad 11 prototype (Ad11p)-mediated green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression in cell lines of dog (MDCK), hamster (CHO), and mouse (McCoy and C127). Although these cell lines did not express the known primary cellular receptors for Ad11p virus infection (i.e., CD46), Ad11pE1GFP could infect and express GFP with various efficacies. For instance, it manifested relatively higher GFP expression in MDCK than in CHO, McCoy, and C127. However, infection leading to efficient viral release was not observed in any of the studied cell lines. The apparent differences were attributed to particularities of mouse and hamster cell lines, which might have led to the repression of viral DNA synthesis and to the low level of GFP expression mediated by Ad11pe3GFP. Moreover, our results revealed that undetectable hexon protein hampered the assembly of virus particles in CHO and MDCK cells. Ad11p differed from Ad5 in the ability for viral DNA synthesis when infecting CHO cells. Although a defective Ad has been successfully developed for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in clinical applications, it has been difficult to generate one that can be used as an oral SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Fortunately, our replication-competent Ad 11p vector might solve this problem. Regarding the use of Ad-vector candidates for vaccine purposes, this study demonstrates the selection of animal cell lines and determination of suitable virus doses in in vitro experiments.
Diagnostic Approach to Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): A Narrative Review of Literature Data
Authors: Prato Adriana , Gulisano Mariangela , Scerbo Miriam , Barone Rita , Vicario Carmelo M. , Rizzo Renata
Published: October 2021

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) are clinical conditions characterized by the sudden onset of obsessive–compulsive disorder and/or tics, often accompanied by other behavioral symptoms in a group of children with streptococcal infection. PANDAS-related disorders, including pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), childhood acute neuropsychiatric symptoms (CANS), and pediatric infection triggered autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders (PITANDs), have also been described. Since first defined in 1998, PANDAS has been considered a controversial diagnosis. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed on PubMed and Scopus databases, searching for diagnostic criteria and diagnostic procedures of PANDAS and related disorders. We propose a test panel to support clinicians in the workout of PANDAS/PANS patients establishing an appropriate treatment. However, further studies are needed to improve our knowledge on these acute-onset neuropsychiatric conditions.
Microdosimetry and Dose-Averaged LET Calculations of Protons in Liquid Water: A Novel Geant4-DNA Application
Authors: Baratto-Roldán Anna , Bertolet Alejandro , Baiocco Giorgio , Carabe Alejandro , Cortés-Giraldo Miguel Antonio
Published: October 2021

The spatial distribution of energy deposition events is an essential aspect in the determination of the radiobiological effects of ionizing radiation at the cellular level. Microdosimetry provides a theoretical framework for the description of these events, and has been used in several studies to address problems such as the characterization of Linear Energy Transfer (LET) and Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of ion beams for proton therapy applications. Microdosimetry quantities and their distributions can be obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulations. In this work, we present a track structure Monte Carlo (MC) application, based on Geant4-DNA, for the computation of microdosimetric distributions of protons in liquid water. This application provides two sampling methods uniform and weighted, for the scoring of the quantities of interest in spherical sites, with diameters ranging from 1 to 10 μm. As an element of novelty, the work shows the approach followed to calculate, without resorting to dedicated simulations, the distribution of energy imparted to the site per electronic collision of the proton, which can be used to obtain the macroscopic dose-averaged LET as proposed by Kellerer. Furthermore, in this work the concept of effective mean chord length is proposed to take into account δ-ray influx and escape in the calculation of macroscopic dose-averaged LET for proton track segments and retrieve the agreement predicted by Kellerer’s formula. Finally, the results obtained demonstrate that our MC application is reliable and computational-efficient to perform calculations of microdosimetric distributions and dose-averaged LET of proton track segments in liquid water.
The Rate and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression in Vietnam From 2010 to 2020: A Literature Review
Authors: Nguyen Huong Thi Thanh , Hoang Anh Phuong , Do Ly Thi Kim , Schiffer Stephen , Nguyen Huyen Thi Hoa
Published: October 2021

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is commonly seen in women after birth and can lead to adverse effects on both the health of mothers and child(ren) development. In Vietnam, there have been a number of studies examining the rate and risk factors of PPD, but none has provided a systematic review.

Aim: This current literature review aims to summarize and synthesize the current state of knowledge of studies conducted in Vietnam to provide a comprehensive understanding of the PPD phenomena during the last 10 years.

Data Sources: A literature search was conducted relying on the most common online databases—MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, which included articles if they (i) examined prevalence or risk factors of PPD; (ii) were conducted among Vietnamese participants using either quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method, and (iii) were published from 2010 to 2020. After the filtering process, 18 articles were eligible to be reviewed.

Results: Research studies in Vietnam on PPD are conducted among women at and after 1-month delivery. The rate of PPD reported in Vietnam among mothers at postnatal time points from 1 to 12 months ranged from 8.2 to 48.1%. Risk factors can be clustered into three groups: personal factors, family factors, and environmental factors.

Recommendation: Further research studies should focus on examining PPD at an earlier stage within the first month after birth. The investigation of risk factors in a comprehensive manner for Vietnamese mothers would also be recommended.
Stereotypical Processing of Emotional Faces: Perceptual and Decisional Components
Authors: Fitousi Daniel
Published: October 2021

People tend to associate anger with male faces and happiness or surprise with female faces. This angry-men-happy-women bias has been ascribed to either top-down (e.g., well-learned stereotypes) or bottom-up (e.g., shared morphological cues) processes. The dissociation between these two theoretical alternatives has proved challenging. The current effort addresses this challenge by harnessing two complementary metatheoretical approaches to dimensional interaction: Garner's logic of inferring informational structure and General Recognition Theory—a multidimensional extension of signal detection theory. Conjoint application of these two rigorous methodologies afforded us to: (a) uncover the internal representations that generate the angry-men-happy-women phenomenon, (b) disentangle varieties of perceptual (bottom-up) and decisional (top-down) sources of interaction, and (c) relate operational and theoretical meanings of dimensional independence. The results show that the dimensional interaction between emotion and gender is generated by varieties of perceptual and decisional biases. These outcomes document the involvement of both bottom-up (e.g., shared morphological structures) and top-down (stereotypes) factors in social perception.
Secure Attachment Priming Amplifies Approach Motivation for Infant Faces Among Childless Adults
Authors: Ding Fangyuan , Jia Yuncheng , Cheng Gang , Wu Lili , Hu Tianqiang , Zhang Dajun
Published: October 2021

Existing studies have indicated that priming secure attachment alters adults’ neural responses to infant faces. However, no study has examined whether this effect exists for motivational behavioral responses, and none of the previous studies included adult faces as a baseline to determine whether the security prime enhances responses to human faces in general or infant faces alone. To address this limitation, the current study recruited 160 unmarried and childless adults in the first phase, and all of them completed a battery of questionnaires, including the Interest in Infants, the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR), and State Adult Attachment Measure (SAAM). A week later, after priming, 152 (76 security-primed vs. 76 neutrally primed) participants completed the SAAM and a behavioral program assessing their motivational responses to both adult and infant faces (i.e., liking, representational, and evoked responses). A manipulation check showed that the security prime was effective. Then, generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) showed that security priming enhances adults’ liking, representational, and evoked responses (three components of the motivational system) only to infant faces and not to adult faces. Moreover, hierarchical regression analysis indicated that, even after security priming, there was a substantial linear relationship between positive motivation toward infant faces and the state of adult secure attachment. In summary, this study demonstrated for the first time that promoting the state of adult secure attachment can effectively enhance the effect size of the baby face schema. The current results were interpreted according to Bowlby’s view of the attachment behavioral system.
By Toutatis! Trainee Teachers’ Motivation When Using Comics to Learn History
Authors: Moreno-Vera Juan Ramón , Ponsoda-López de Atalaya Santiago , Blanes-Mora Rubén
Published: October 2021

The main goal of this research was to analyse the perception of trainee primary education teachers regarding motivation when using comics as a resource to teach and learn history. To achieve this objective, a history education programme was designed based on the use of comics and the outcomes evaluated via a mixed qualitative-quantitative post-test questionnaire (Likert scale 1–5). Two hundred twenty-one trainee primary teachers from the University of Alicante, Spain participated in the study during the 2020/2021 academic year. Data were collected using the IBM SPSS v.24 statistical package and AQUAD 7. The results showed that the majority of future teachers felt highly motivated when using comic resources to learn history instead of textbooks (90.5% of participants); trainee teachers recognise that the use of comics improves their capacity to be more creative and that they feel able to design and use their own comic resources to teach history in the future.
Medical Cannabis Use and Pain: An Experience Sampling Study
Authors: Sznitman Sharon Rodner , Rosenberg Dennis , Vulfsons Simon , Meiri David , Greene Talya
Published: October 2021

Background: Little research has tested associations of pain and MC use after long-term treatment and through methods that have external validity outside experimental settings. The study examined associations of pain, associated painful experiences, and long-term medical cannabis (MC) use in chronic pain (CP) patients using a naturalistic daily diary study that provided novel and externally valid data.

Methods: Data were obtained from 78 MC users with CP three times daily over a 10-day period (nobservations = 1,688). Mixed-effects models were used to test the associations between MC use and momentary experiences of pain, affect, and fatigue.

Results: Within persons, elevated experiences of pain intensity were associated with greater intention to use MC within the next hour. No evidence was found that the time lapse since last MC use was associated with pain levels, negative affect, or fatigue.

Conclusions: The results imply that after long-term use, CP patients intend to use MC in response to pain experiences. Yet, they may not actually achieve the pain relief. More research is needed to examine whether continued MC use despite lack of pain relief is related to relief of other symptoms (e.g., dependence, withdrawal) or positive benefits (e.g., general sense of well-being) or tolerance.
Mediating Effect of Work Stress on the Associations Between Psychological Job Demands, Social Approval, and Workplace Violence Among Health Care Workers in Sichuan Province of China
Authors: Sun Xiaxia , Qiao Mutian , Deng Jianjun , Zhang Juying , Pan Jingping , Zhang Xueli , Liu Danping
Published: October 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of workplace violence against health care workers, to explore the combined association of work stress, psychological job demands, and social approval with workplace violence and their respective mechanisms among health care workers.

Methods: Using data from the Chinese Sixth National Health Service Survey (NHSS) in 2018 conducted among 1,371 health care workers in Sichuan province of China. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data on health care workers' socio-demographic and work-related characteristics, work stress, psychological job demands, social approval, and workplace violence. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables.

Results: The results showed that a total of 77.0% health care workers were exposed to workplace violence. Work stress was directly related to workplace violence (β = 2.167, 95%CI: 1.707, 2.627), while psychological job demands and social approval had indirect associations with workplace violence via work stress [β = 0.427, 95%CI: 0.297, 0.557; β = −0.787, 95%CI: (−0.941)–(−0.633)]. Both psychological job demands (β = 0.197, 95%CI: 0.139, 0.255) and social approval [β = −0.346, 95%CI: (−0.399)–(−0.294)] had direct associations with work stress, while social approval had direct association with psychological job demands [β = −0.085, 95%CI: (−0.136)–(−0.034)]. Psychological job demands mediated the relationship between social approval and work stress.

Conclusion: Overall, decreasing workplace violence among health care workers requires to promote interventions to reduce work stress and psychological job demands by improving social approval.
Comparative Analysis of Cage Subsidence in Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion: Zero Profile Anchored Spacer (ROI-C) vs. Conventional Cage and Plate Construct
Authors: Jin Zhe-yu , Teng Yun , Wang Hua-zheng , Yang Hui-lin , Lu Ying-jie , Gan Min-feng
Published: October 2021

Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has been widely performed to treat cervical generative diseases. Cage subsidence is a complication after ACDF. Although it is known that segmental kyphosis, acceleration of adjacent segmental disease, and restenosis may occur due to cages subsidence; however detailed research comparing zero-profile cages (ROI-C) and conventional plate and cage construct (CPC) on cage subsidence has been lacking.

Objective: The objectives of this study was to compare the rate of postoperative cage subsidence between zero profile anchored spacer (ROI-C) and conventional cage and plate construct (CPC) and investigate the risk factors associated with cage subsidence following ACDF.

Methods: Seventy-four patients with ACDF who received either ROI-C or CPC treatment from October 2013 to August 2018 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Clinical and radiological outcomes and the incidence of cage subsidence at final follow up-were compared between groups. All patients were further categorized into the cage subsidence (CS) and non-cage subsidence (NCS) groups for subgroup analysis.

Results: The overall subsidence rate was higher in the ROI-C group than in the CPC group (66.67 vs. 38.46%, P = 0.006). The incidence of cage subsidence was significantly different between groups for multiple-segment surgeries (75 vs. 34.6%, P = 0.003), but not for single-segment surgeries (54.55 vs. 42.30%, P = 0.563). Male sex, operation in multiple segments, using an ROI-C, and over-distraction increased the risk of subsidence. Clinical outcomes and fusion rates were not affected by cage subsidence.

Conclusion: ROI-C use resulted in a higher subsidence rate than CPC use in multi-segment ACDF procedures. The male sex, the use of ROI-C, operation in multiple segments, and over-distraction were the most significant factors associated with an increase in the risk of cage subsidence.
The Influence of Slow-Release Fertilizers on the Growth, Flowering, and the Content of Macro- and Micronutrients in the Leaves of Cyclamen persicum Mill.
Authors: Bosiacki Maciej , Czuchaj Piotr , Szczepaniak Stanisława , Walkowiak Łukasz , Abramowicz Artur
Published: October 2021

The influence of selected fertilizer within a 6-month period of operation was assessed: Basacote Plus 6M, Osmocote Plus 6M, Plantacote Plus 6M. Plants grown in the substrate without slow-release fertilizer, which were supplied with nutrients only for top dressing, were the control. Two cultivars of the Maxi type of cyclamen were grown in greenhouse in pots during the period from the 25th to the 50th week of the year. While planting the seedlings, 2 g of slow-release fertilizer were added to the substrate directly under the roots. From the third week of cultivation, the plants of each combination were fertilized with top dressing every week. Plant height and diameter, number of leaves, weight of the above-ground part, tuber diameter, earliness of flowering, number of flowers and buds, as well as the content of macro and micronutrients were assessed. The addition of Osmocote 6M or Plantacote 6M into the substrate resulted in plants with a larger fresh weight and larger diameter and earlier flowering with more flowers and buds at the end of the experiment than with Basacote 6M or with only top dressing. The applied slow-release fertilizers had an effect on the content of K, Ca, and Fe in the leaves of Persian cyclamen. The cultivar ‘Rainier White F1’ had significantly more leaves, buds, and flowers and a higher content of P, K, Cu, Zn, and Mn than the cultivar ‘Halios Pure White Compact F1’.
Comparison Analysis on the Accuracy of Galileo PPP Using Different Frequency Combinations in Europe
Authors: Song Jia , Zhao Lewen
Published: October 2021

The Galileo constellations are characterized by transmitting GNSS signals on multi-frequencies, which can benefit the robustness and accuracy of the solutions. However, the dual-frequency E1/E5a combinations are generally used for precise point positioning (PPP). In this paper, the performance of Galileo static and kinematic PPP using different dual- and multi-frequency combinations are assessed using observations from the European region. Overall, the accuracy of daily PPP achieved by the dual-frequency GPS, Galileo, and BDS is better than 5 mm in the horizontal direction and better than 10 mm in the vertical direction. Though the number of observed Galileo satellites is less than GPS, the horizontal accuracy can reach 1.6 mm/2.3 mm/5.7 mm on North/East/Up component, which is improved by 59.0% and 12.3% compared to the GPS in the north and up direction. Then, the accuracy of Galileo static PPP is analyzed using different dual- and multi-frequency combinations. Results indicate that the Galileo E1/E5b PPP can degrade the accuracy due to the inter-frequency clock biases between the E1/E5a and E1/E5b combinations. Best accuracy can be achieved for the triple- and four-frequency PPP, which is 4.8 mm in the up direction. The hourly accuracy for the static PPP can reach 5.6 mm/9.2 mm/12.6 mm in the north/east/up direction using the GPS/Galileo/GLONASS/BDS combinations. Finally, a positioning convergence ratio (PCR) indicator, which represents the accuracy of PPP over a period, is used to analyze the convergence time of kinematic PPP. Results indicated that the multi-frequency Galileo observations contribute minorly to the convergence of kinematic PPP. However, Galileo shows the best convergence performance for the single GNSS positioning, and the GPS/Galileo combined PPP achieved the best performance for the PPP using different GNSS combinations.
Optimization of HPC Use for 3D High Resolution Urban Air Quality Assessment and Downstream Services
Authors: Nibart Maxime , Ribstein Bruno , Ricolleau Lydia , Tinarelli Gianni , Barbero Daniela , Albergel Armand , Moussafir Jacques
Published: October 2021

The number of cities, or parts of cities, where air quality has been computed using the PMSS 3D model now appears to be sufficient to allow assessment and understanding of performance. Two fields of application explain the growing number of sites: the first is the long-term air quality assessment required in urban areas for any building or road project. The geometric complexity found in such areas can justify the use of a 3D approach, as opposed to Gaussian ones. However, these studies have constraining rules that can make the modelling challenging: several scenarios are needed (current, future with project, future without project), the long-term impact implies a long physical time period to be computed, and the spatial extension of the domain can be large in order to cover the traffic impact zone of the project. The second type of application is dedicated to services and, essentially, to forecasting. As for impact assessments, the modelling can be challenging here because of the extension of the domain if the target area is a whole city. Forecast also adds the constraint of time, as results are requested early, and the constraint of robustness. The CPU amount needed to meet all these requirements is important. It is therefore crucial to optimize all possible parts of the modelling chain in order to limit cost and delay. The sites presented in the article have been modelled with PMSS for long periods. This allows feedback to be provided on different topics: (a) daily forecasts offer an opportunity to increase the robustness of the modelling chain; (b) quantitative validation at air quality measurement stations; (c) comparison of annual impact based on a whole year, and based on a sampling list of dates selected thanks to a classification process; (d) large calculation domains with widespread pollutant emissions offer a great opportunity to qualitatively check and improve model results on numerous geometrical configurations; (e) CPU time variations between different sites provide valuable information to select the best parametrizations, to predict the cost of the services, and to design the needed hardware for a new site.
Interpretation of Entropy Calculations in Energy Conversion Systems
Authors: Haseli Yousef
Published: October 2021

Often, second law-based studies present merely entropy calculations without demonstrating how and whether such calculations may be beneficial. Entropy generation is commonly viewed as lost work or sometimes a source of thermodynamic losses. Recent literature reveals that minimizing the irreversibility of a heat engine may correspond to maximizing thermal efficiency subject to certain design constraints. The objective of this article is to show how entropy calculations need to be interpreted in thermal processes, specifically, where heat-to-work conversion is not a primary goal. We will study four exemplary energy conversion processes: (1) a biomass torrefaction process where torrefied solid fuel is produced by first drying and then torrefying raw feedstock, (2) a cryogenic air separation system that splits ambient air into oxygen and nitrogen while consuming electrical energy, (3) a cogeneration process whose desirable outcome is to produce both electrical and thermal energy, and (4) a thermochemical hydrogen production system. These systems are thermodynamically analyzed by applying the first and second laws. In each case, the relation between the total entropy production and the performance indicator is examined, and the conditions at which minimization of irreversibility leads to improved performance are identified. The discussion and analyses presented here are expected to provide clear guidelines on the correct application of entropy-based analyses and accurate interpretation of entropy calculations.
A Replicable and Reproducible Digital Method for Quantifying Maxillary Sinus Airway Changes after Sinus Lifts Using the Lateral Window Approach Technique—A Retrospective Study
Authors: González Menéndez Héctor , Rodríguez Torres Paulina , Muñoz Jiménez Blanca , Galparsoro Catalán Agustín , Velasco Bohórquez Pilar , Tzironi Georgia , San Hipólito Marín Lara , Zubizarreta Macho Álvaro , Hernández Montero Sofía
Published: October 2021

In the present retrospective study, we aimed to assess the replicability and reproducibility of a novel digital measurement technique for analyzing the volumes of the left and right maxillary sinuses and the nasal and maxillary sinus airway complex after a sinus lift procedure using the lateral window approach, to provide an accurate measurement technique for easily applying in clinical practice and to allow pre-operative assessment of maxillary sinus lift surgery, avoiding complications and making surgery more predictable. Material and Methods: Thirty patients with partially edentulous posterior maxilla were selected and submitted to bilateral sinus lift using the lateral window approach technique, with grafting materials selected and submitted to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, both pre- and postoperatively. Then, datasets were uploaded to therapeutic digital planning software to measure the volume of the right and left maxillary sinuses and the nasal and maxillary sinus airway complex. Gage R&R statistical analysis was performed to assess the replicability and reproducibility of the digital measurement technique. Results: The variability attributable to the novel digital measurement technique was 3.4% for replicability and 3.4% for reproducibility of the total variability of the samples. Conclusion: The novel digital method proposed is a replicable and reproducible technique for analyzing the volume of the right and left maxillary sinuses and the nasal and maxillary sinus airway complex after a sinus lift using the lateral window approach technique, allowing an accurate pre-operative assessment of maxillary sinus lift surgery, avoiding complications and making surgery more predictable.
The Route of Motor Recovery in Stroke Patients Driven by Exoskeleton-Robot-Assisted Therapy: A Path-Analysis
Authors: Pignolo Loris , Servidio Rocco , Basta Giuseppina , Carozzo Simone , Tonin Paolo , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore , Cerasa Antonio
Published: October 2021

Background: Exoskeleton-robot-assisted therapy is known to positively affect the recovery of arm functions in stroke patients. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding which variables might favor a better outcome and how this can be modulated by other factors. Methods: In this within-subject study, we evaluated the efficacy of a robot-assisted rehabilitation system in the recovery of upper limb functions. We performed a path analysis using a structural equation modeling approach in a large sample of 102 stroke patients (age 63.6 ± 13.1 years; 61% men) in the post-acute phase. They underwent 7 weeks of bilateral arm training assisted by an exoskeleton robot combined with a conventional treatment (consisting of simple physical activity together with occupational therapy). The upper extremity section of the Fugl–Meyer (FM-UE) scale at admission was used as a predictor of outcome, whereas age, gender, side of the lesion, days from the event, pain scale, duration of treatment, and number of sessions as mediators. Results: FM-UE at admission was a direct predictor of outcome, as measured by the motricity index of the contralateral upper limb and trunk control test, without any other mediating factors. Age, gender, days from the event, side of lesion, and pain scales were independently associated with outcomes. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the relationship between clinical variables and outcomes induced by robot-assisted rehabilitation with a path-analysis model. We define a new route for motor recovery of stroke patients driven by exoskeleton-robot-assisted therapy, highlighting the role of FM-UE at admission as a useful predictor of outcome, although other variables need to be considered in the time-course of disease.
Recent Advances in Oxa-6π Electrocyclization Reactivity for the Synthesis of Privileged Natural Product Scaffolds
Authors: Roche Stéphane P.
Published: October 2021

The stunning advances in understanding the reactivity and selectivity principles of asymmetric pericyclic reactions have had a profound impact on the synthetic planning of complex natural products. Indeed, electrocyclizations, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements enable synthetic chemists to craft highly functionalized scaffolds that would not otherwise be possible with a similar atom-, step-, and redox-economy. In this review, selected examples from the last two decades of research (2003–2020) on tandem processes combining oxa-6π electrocyclic reactions are discussed in terms of reactivity challenges, inherent reversibility, and key structural bond formation in the assembly of natural products. A particular emphasis is given to the electrocyclic ring-closures in the tandem processes featuring Knoevenagel-type condensations, Diels–Alder cycloadditions, Stille couplings, and oxidative dearomatizations. The synthetic manifolds reviewed here illustrate how oxa-6π electrocyclizations are intimately linked to the construction of complex natural product scaffolds and have inspired a number of biomimetic syntheses in the laboratory.
Review of Global Interest and Developments in the Research on Aquifer Recharge and Climate Change: A Bibliometric Approach
Authors: Cárdenas Castillero Gustavo , Kuráž Michal , Rahim Akif
Published: October 2021

Groundwater represents 98% of the world’s freshwater resources. These resources have been strongly impacted by the increases in temperature and in the variation in precipitation. Despite many advances, the relationship between climate change and the dynamics of aquifer recharge is still poorly understood. This study includes an analysis of 211 papers using the biblioshiny function in the bibliometric R Package. Additionally, specific papers were selected to identify limits, trends, and negative and positive impacts. The results indicated an average growth of 14.38% and a significant increase in research from 2009. In total, 52 countries have undertaken studies in this field, just over 26% of the total number of countries. In the papers examined, the worst projections related to reductions in recharge were identified for arid and desert areas; the highest recharges were identified in the northern regions and in areas at high altitudes, where recharge capacity is maintained or increases due to rapid snow and glacial melting resulting from temperature increases. Despite the advances achieved, more studies should be extended to analyse groundwater assessment at other latitudes to reach a complete and comprehensive understanding. This understanding should be one of the priorities for water among governments and the scientific community in order to safeguard this precious resource.
La dirección de la formación laboral en estudiantes universitarios, desde la disciplina formación laboral investigativa.
Authors: Torres Pérez Yannia , Rodríguez Maden Ángela Lilia , García Pujadas María Isabel
Published: October 2021

El trabajo tuvo como objetivo modelar actividades dirigidas a favorecer el desarrollo de  la dirección del proceso de Formación laboral desde las potencialidades de la Disciplina Formación Laboral investigativa, como vía para la formación laboral del profesional de la educación en la especialidad Pedagogía-Psicología, desde el Departamento docente en la Universidad de Holguín, Holguín, Cuba. La investigación es de tipo explicativa, cualitativa. En el proceso de investigación se emplearon métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción e histórico-lógico, en el procesamiento de la información empírica: la modelación para la propuesta de las actividades. En su ejecución se utilizaron las técnicas directas: observación participante, la entrevista, encuestas a alumnos, profesores y Jefe de departamento y el estudio de documentos empleados como técnica no directa para obtener información. La modelación de las actividades favoreció el desarrollo de los aspectos sociopsicológicos y técnicos administrativos de la capacidad de dirección del Jefe de departamento al permitirle desarrollar con eficiencia la conducción del proceso de Formación laboral de los futuros psicopedagogos desde las potencialidades de la Disciplina Formación Laboral Investigativa.
luzeiros
Authors: Grzybowski Adam , Goldman Luis
Published: October 2021

Os luzeiros
Céu subterrâneo
Authors: Rosenbaum Paulo
Published: October 2021

Trecho do romance Céu subterrâneo de Paulo Rosenbaum.
Peran Digital Marketing dalam Upaya Peningkatan Omset Penjualan di Era Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus : UKM Deva Bag Desa Jiken Kecamatan Tulangan Kabupaten Sidoarjo)
Authors: Isnainiyah Fauziatul , Naily Nabiela , Muttaqim Zainal
Published: October 2021

WHO states that the Covid-19 virus is a pandemic, so the Indonesian government has implemented various policies to break the chain of spread of COVID-19. The prohibition of gathering or gathering is one of them, so everything must be done online and done at home. This pandemic has had a very bad impact on economic sustainability, many people have experienced a decline in income due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and many have even lost their jobs. One of the economic sectors that is feeling the impact of the pandemic is Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The Deva Bag SMEs is no exception in Jiken Village, Tulangan District, Sidoarjo Regency. With the current pandemic conditions, of course, SMEs must survive so an alternative marketing strategy is needed. Therefore, strategies such as digital marketing are needed which include sales through social media to marketplaces in an effort to increase SME turnover. So this research was conducted with the aim of providing education about digital marketing to Deva Bag SMEs in Jiken Village, Tulangan Regency. The method used is interviews and action research in the form of counseling and education about digital marketing. The activity was carried out properly and regularly, Deva Bag SMEs Desa Jiken was very enthusiastic about wanting to know more about the digital marketing system/strategy.