bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacies of modules against major insect pests and natural enemies in rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: SENI ATANU , MISHRA K M , PAL RINI
Published: July 2022

A field experiment was conducted at regional Research and Technology Transfer Station (OUAT), Chiplima,Sambalpur, Odisha, during rainy season (kharif) 2019–20 to determine the comparative efficacies of variousinsecticides and botanicals modules against major insect pests and natural enemies of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Therewere 9 modules and overall data revealed that the all the treated plots recorded significantly lower per cent of deadheart; white ear-head caused by stem borer; silver shoot caused by gall midge; leaf folder infested leaves and planthoppers. Among them, module consists of fipronil 5 sc @1500 ml/ha at 25–30 DAT, rynaxypyr 20 sc @150 ml/ha at45–50 DAT and triflumezopyrim 106 sc @240 ml/ha at 65–70 DAT treated plot recorded significantly higher per centreduction of stem borer infestation, leaf folder, plant hoppers and produced higher grain yield than the other modules as well as highest benefit cost ratio B : C (1.89) and next best was carbosulfan 25 ec @875 ml/ha, rynaxypyr 20 sc @150 ml/ha and flonicamid 50 wg @150 g/ha containing module. So, the module containing fipronil, rynaxypyr and triflumezopyrim may be adopted for the effective management of major insect pests of rice and helps the farmers from unwanted spraying of insecticides many times.
Evaluation of black gram (Vigna mungo) genepool against Callosobruchus maculatus and diversity analysis inter se
Authors: PANIGRAHI S K , TRIPATHI K , SINGH R , KUMAR R , SANGHAMITRA P , WANKHEDE D P , SINGH N , DUBEY K K D , GUPTA KAVITA
Published: July 2022

The present study was carried out at ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi during 2020–21to evaluate the differential reaction of 69 germplasm accessions representing black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] landraces and its crop wild relatives for resistance against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) under artificial infestation et-up using ‘No-choice test’ method and analyze their genetic diversity using SSR markers. After emergence of adult beetles, the accessions were studied for the growth parameters like total oviposition, exit holes, adult emergence (AE), per cent seed weight loss (PSWL) and growth index (GI), which varied significantly. Based on the key traits, viz. AE and PSWL, the accessions were categorized into six groups, viz. immune (I), resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS), susceptible (S) and highly susceptible (HS). Accessions IC259504 (Vigna vexillata) and IC424616 (Vigna mungo) were immune and resistant to bruchid infestation respectively. Moreover, the genetic diversity parameters such as allele number, PIC values and observed heterozygosity indicated considerable diversity among the accessions. The reported immune and resistant accessions could be used as donor parents in the Vigna breeding programme for transferring bruchid resistance factor(s) to agronomically superior cultivars.
Effects of climatic factors on antioxidant quality of tea (Camellia sinensis) in North Bengal
Authors: MISRA TARUN KUMAR , SAHA ANIRUDDHA , NANDA ASHIS KUMAR , MANDAL PALASH
Published: July 2022

Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the important contributors to the growing economy of NorthBengal. The phytochemical and therapeutic qualities of tea prominently altered recently due to continuous change in climatic conditions of North Bengal. The nutraceutical quality of tea is largely dependent on antioxidant attributes. For investigating the relationship between antioxidant attributes and climatic factors, the present field experiment was conducted in 18 tea gardens of Terai, Dooars and Darjeeling Hills of North Bengal during 2012–17. Antioxidant and phytochemical analysis was performed in three different harvest seasons, viz. March, June and December. Phenolic compounds including catechins were low during winter months, and then gradually increased up to warmer spring season. In stress condition, tea plants biosynthesized more flavonoids and high flavour index in Darjeeling hills. However, free-radical scavenging and metal chelating activities were found to increase from spring to winter season. The data were pooled for PCA analysis to determine the relationship between seasonal variations and tea antioxidant quality in each region of North Bengal separately. Different attributes of climatic factors significantly correlated with antioxidant quality and bioactive compounds. Variation in climate is reportedly affecting the antioxidant quality of tea and its shifting pattern grossly influences the key phytochemicals responsible for the flavour of tea.
Attracting Startups within Creative Industries and the High-Tech Sector. An Analysis of Location Factors from the Stakeholders’ Perspectives
Authors:   Faculty Electronic Media, Stuttgart Media University, Eisenbeis Uwe , Bohne Andrea ,   Faculty Electronic Media, Stuttgart Media University
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on startups within creative industries and the high-tech sector (the so-called TIME sector) and the relevance of the factors affecting the location choice of startups within these newly emerging industries. In terms of building a prospering startup ecosystem, results of this empirical research provide recommendations for representatives and designers in charge of destination management and regional development. For founders and entrepreneurs, the research will define which factors are relevant for their location choice. The article argues that the perspectives of stakeholders (entrepreneurs/startups and external experts) differ in some ways on the relevance of certain location factors. It also argues that the main challenge for destination management and regional development will be the dilemma between a generally positive economic situation and the development of a prosperous startup ecosystem.
“Lisboa Criativa”: why it is important to connect
Authors:   Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Moreira Carla , De-Barros Martins ,   Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Published: July 2022

This article is double aimed—it addresses the relevance of connections among the participants of the Lisbon creative ecosystem and presents a distinct model of a platform which creates and facilitates connection within this network. This research project is part of a strategy set up by the creative economy sector of the Câmara Municipal de Lisboa [Lisbon City Council], the CML, whose ambition is to position Lisbon as one of the most creative cities in Europe. Lisbon is currently the most creative city in Portugal. However, the professionals and institutions connected to the city’s creative ecosystem still lack a significant grasp of the rich infrastructure available in the city, as well as the existing knowledge, skills, and tools that can facilitate establishing of new creative partnerships and sharing of experiences and equipment. Considering this situation, we decided to carry multiple research projects aimed at finding the most appropriate model of an online platform which could fulfil these needs. The platform which was created as a result of these research projects is called Lisboa Criativa [—Creative Lisbon]. Its primary goals are to connect participants of the city’s creative ecosystem; foster partnerships; generate national and international visibility; and support local projects. These goals ultimately concur with positioning Lisbon as a creative city. The focus on its Cultural and Creative Industries (the CCIs) would allow Lisbon to combine the aforementioned strategies with the development of a strong entrepreneurial ecosystem and foster further economic activity.
Implementación de un sistema didáctico multimodal en la asignatura de Química para construir la intermodalidad educativa
Authors: Canto Guerrero Lucero , Rubio Rodríguez Julio César , Carrillo Pacheco Marco Antonio
Published: July 2022

El bajo rendimiento escolar en la clase de Química en el Nivel Medio Superior es un fenómeno multifactorial: falta de motivación, el contexto sociocultural y la falta de innovadoras técnicas de estudio. El modelo tradicional de enseñanza conductista no incrementa el interés en los alumnos, por eso es necesario utilizar un modelo educativo basado en el construccionismo que incorpore las tecnologías  de información y comunicación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue implementar un sistema didáctico multimodal que nos permitiera alcanzar la intermodalidad educativa en el área de Química para mejorar el rendimiento académico en alumnos de la EBA-UAQ Plantel Sur de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, México. El método de investigación fue el siguiente: se analizaron diferentes plataformas educativas y se desarrolló material didáctico virtual. El proyecto se llevó a cabo con alumnos de primer semestre que cursaron la materia de Química I, divididos en dos grupos: un grupo control, en el cual los alumnos cursaron la asignatura con un modelo tradicional, y el grupo intervención, en donde cursaron la asignatura con un modelo multimodal. Se compararon ambas poblaciones en cuanto al rendimiento académico en la clase. Los resultados sugieren que los estudiantes pertenecientes al grupo de intervención presentaron un incremento en las calificaciones parciales y disminuyó el índice de reprobación. La principal conclusión es que implementar un modelo multimodal que nos permita dar el paso a la intermodalidad es una estrategia que ayuda a mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y establece una directriz encaminada a la continuidad educativa.
Faktor – Faktor Keputusan Pembelian Obat Anti Hipertensi Pada Pelayanan Non Resep Di Apotek Wilayah Kecamatan Palu Selatan
Authors: Parumpu Firdawati Amir , Kusumawati Afriani
Published: July 2022

Saat ini, obat keras dapat dibeli dengan mudah di apotek walau tanpa resep dokter. Salah satu Obat keras yang diperjual belikan di apotek tanpa resep dokter adalah obat-obat antihipertensi.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui studi penggunaan antihipertensi pada pelayanan non resep di apotek di wilayah kecamatan Palu Selatan Kota Palu, serta alasan masyarakat dalam mengkonsumsi antihipertensi tanpa resep dokter.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, yaitu menggambarkan dan menginterpretasikan studi penggunaan antihipertensi pada pelayanan non resepdi apotek di wilayah kecamatan Palu Selatan Kota Paludengan menggunakan metode survey.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Sebagian besar masyarakat di wilayah kecamatan Palu Selatan yaitu sebanyak 89% pernah menggunakan antihipertensi tanpa resep, dengan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat rata-rata 85,57% dan dikategorikan sebagai tingkat pengetahuan tinggi.Alasan masyarakat di wilayah kecamatan Palu Selatan menggunakan antihipertensi tanpa resep karena merasa cocok pada pengobatan sebelumnya.
Faktor Risiko Autis Untuk Mengurangi Generasi Autis Anak Indonesia
Authors: Baculu Eka Prasetia Hati , Andri Moh.
Published: July 2022

Autism syndrome dysorder (ASD) atau lebih dikenal dengan autis adalah ganguan perkembangan nerobiologi berat yang terjadi pada anak sehingga menimbulkan masalah pada anak untuk berkomunikasi dan berelasi (berhubungan) dengan lingkungannya. Autis ditandai dengan adanya gangguan dan keterlambatan dalam bidang kognitif, bahasa, perilaku dan interaksi social. Jumlah anak yang terkena autis semakin hari semakin meningkat pesat dan akan semakin menghawatirkan, baik bagi orang tua, masyarakat maupun pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko penyebab timbulnya autis pada anak usia 0-14 tahun di Kota Palu. Jenis penelitian case control study. Populasi pada penelitian ini semua anak usia 0-14 tahun yang berada di Kota Palu dan sampel penelitian adalah anak yang melakukan terapi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Madani Kota Palu. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Januari 2018.Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan total sampling yaitu mengambil semua anak usia 0-14 tahun untuk kasus dan kontrol yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan asupan makanan (OR=35,13;95%CI 4,43-1513,85), riwayat kehamilan (OR=2,94;95%CI 0,80-7,87), riwayat persalinan (OR=4,05;95%CI 1,21-14,15), kejang demam (OR=3,24;95%CI 0,87-13,47), dan pengetahuan ibu (OR=4,05;95%CI 1,21-14,2) berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian autis. Kesimpulan: asupan makan, riwayat kehamilan, riwayat persalinan, kejang demam dan pengetahuan ibu merupakan faktor risiko autis pada balita. Saran diharapkan kepada orang tua utamanya ibu untuk lebih memperhatikan asupan makan saat hamil, menyusui dan rutin memeriksakan kehamilannya ke puskesmas serta senantiasa memperhatikan perkembangan anak balitanya sehingga dapat mengetahui dan mencegah sedini mungkin risiko yang dapat me-nyebabkan autis pada anak.
FODDER PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PIGEON PEA [Cajanus cajan (L.) MILLSPAUGH] VARIETIES GROWN IN THE SUBTROPICAL REGION OF SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Buthelezi Lindokhuhle , Mupangwa John , Washaya Soul
Published: July 2022

Background. Pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan) produce large amounts of high protein leaves that make it suitable for cultivation in arid and semiarid regions. Objective. To evaluate the biomass production and chemical composition of three pigeon pea varieties (ICEAP 00557, ICEAP 01514 and CIMMYT 100/01). Methodology. A completely randomized design was used. In two growing seasons, the plots were harvested at flowering and biomass yields were measured for fresh forage and dry matter (DM). Harvested leaves were either shade or oven-dried to a constant weight before being milled for chemical analyses. The proximate composition, mineral content, phenolic, tannin and saponnin contents were determined. Results. Varieties ICEAP 01514 and CIMMYT 100/01 yielded the highest fodder of 2620.6 and 4458.3 kg DM/ha in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Variety ICEAP 00557 produced the lowest amount of fodder in both 2016 and 2017 at 1997.6 and 2933.3 kg DM/ha, respectively. There were interactions among varieties, seasons and drying methods on proximate composition. The DM, organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) were higher for ICEAP 01514 at 96.0, 88.0 and 55.3 %, respectively and digestible dry matter (DDM) (67.8 %) and metabolizable energy (ME) (9.8 MJ/kg DM) were higher for variety ICEAP 00557 in 2017.  Shade drying recorded higher crude protein (CP) values (24.2-27.0 %) across all varieties with higher values occurring in 2017 compared to 2016. The interactive effect of season, pigeon peas varieties and drying method had little effect on both macro and micro- minerals except for copper (Cu) values. The ranges in macro-minerals were: calcium (Ca) (1.21-2.35), magnesium (Mg) (0.33-0.89), sodium (Na) (0.1-0.7) and phosphorus (P) (0.13-0.31 %). The ranges in micro-minerals were: iron (Fe) (206.7-283.4) and Cu (5.94-7.95 mg/kg DM). The tannins, phenolic and saponin contents were different (P< 0.05) among varieties and between drying methods. Their ranges were: 2.7-8.0 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g, 13.6-15.9 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 3.4-6.1 %, respectively. Implications. Pigeon peas are suitable for farming systems in the drylands and these varieties are suitable diets for ruminants in the subtropics, where CP in the diets are low. Conclusions. Air-drying under a shade was recommended to preserve the nutritional quality of pigeon peas fodder. The macro and micro-nutrients in the pigeon peas satisfied the animal requirements, except for the deficiency in Na and Cu. The concentration of the anti-nutritive compounds in the pigeon peas will not limit animal performance.
FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GUINEA FOWL: A REVIEW
Authors: Portillo Salgado Rodrigo , Bautista Ortega Jaime , Chay Canul Alfonso J. , Sánchez Casanova Rubi E. , Segura Correa José , Cigarroa Vázquez Francisco Antonio
Published: July 2022

Background. Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) is used as an alternative for the production of meat with high nutritional value; however, there are several factors that affect their productive performance. Objective. Review the main factors that affect the productive performance of the guinea fowl described in the worldwide literature. Methodology. A bibliographic review in the databases of Scopus, NCBI, Springer, Science direct, Google Scholar, Redalyc, and other repositories was carried out. The keywords for the search were: Guinea fowl, Numida meleagris, productive performance and body weight gain. Results. The production system is one of the main factors that affect the productive performance of the Guinea fowl. Birds raised in semi-intensive conditions have better weight gains compared to those that are kept under an extensive system. Mortality in the extensive system increases due to poor or no disease prevention practices and natural predators. The increase in population density under intensive management conditions negatively affects the performance and welfare of Guinea fowl. Ignorance of the energy and protein requirements causes a deficient productive performance in weight gains. Genetic factors also play a role; in Africa local varieties that have not been genetically improved are bred in extensive systems obtaining low yields, compared to developing countries. Birds hatch from large eggs with shorter storage periods had better growth performance. Implications. There is limited information on the main aspects related to the raising of the Guinea fowl, including the factors that affect its productive performance. Ignorance of the productive parameters favors the displacement of Guinea fowl production by other poultry species, such as chicken. Conclusions. Breeding the Guinea fowl as an alternative for meat and egg production must be accompanied by the disclosure of productive parameters to improve their production performance.
VARIABILIDAD GENÉTICA DE AISLADOS DE PRSV-p DE PAPAYO EN LA ZONA CENTRO DEL ESTADO DE VERACRUZ, MÉXIC
Authors: Sósol-Reyes David , Villanueva-Jiménez Juan A. , Osorio-Acosta Francisco , Flores-Estévez Norma , Noa-Carrazana Juan C.
Published: July 2022

Background: The Potyvirus Papaya ringspot virus type P (PRSV-p) causes the papaya (Carica papaya L.) ringspot disease, which causes damage to the plantations of this crop. In regions where there is movement of plant material and continuous production processes, there is greater genetic variability of this virus; such is the case of the State of Veracruz, Mexico, one of the main papaya producers in the country. Objective: To analyze the genetic variability of isolates of PRSV-p, present in commercial papaya plantations in the central zone of the State of Veracruz. Methodology: Leaves with differential symptoms of the disease were collected. The capsid protein (CP) coding region was amplified by RT-PCR to confirm the identity of the virus. The sequences obtained were analyzed, aligned and a phylogenetic tree was obtained. Results: The presence of PRSV-p was confirmed by RT-PCR. Through sequence analysis, high diversity was observed in the first 50 amino acids encoded in the N-terminal region of CP. In the phylogenetic tree, three viral genetic groups were obtained. The largest conserved sites of interest (even the WCIEN box and QMKAAA) were found near the C-terminal region of the CP. 100% homology was observed in the central and C-terminal region of the Ver75Co isolate, with respect to the consensus sequence. Implications: The results show the genetic diversity of the virus in the central zone of the state of Veracruz, which will allow genetic modifications to improve resistance in papaya plants. Conclusions: There is genetic variability of PRSV-p in Veracruz, there are conserved sites of interest (WCIEN and QMKAAA) and changes in the N-terminal region, which includes the EK repetitive region and the DAG codon. These changes may be a genetic characteristic of the virus for adaptation. The Ver75Co isolate may be the point of change that gives rise to the other isolates of this work. The phylogenetic tree shows a single genetic group of the virus, which is distributed in three different clades.
PRODUCTION SUSTAINABILITY INDEX OF ORGANIC QUINOA (Chenopodium Quinoa WILLD.) IN THE INTERANDEAN VALLEYS OF PERU
Authors: Pinedo-Taco Rember Emilio , Gómez-Pando Luz Rayda , Anderson-Berens Dylan
Published: July 2022

Background. The growing demand for organic quinoa in the national and international market has contributed to the intensification of quinoa cultivation under conventional production systems, causing changes in economic, environmental and social terms in the quinoa-producing areas of the inter-Andean valleys of the highlands of Peru.  Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze the economic, social and environmental sustainability of organic quinoa production in plots of five communities in the province of Andahuaylas, Peru. Methodology. Surveys with structured questions were applied to a stratified sample of 50 organic quinoa producers with a focus on sustainability. The internal consistency of the scales used was validated by Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) using the optimal scale technique and the percentage scale was determined with 0 - 24% very low level of sustainability and 100% as optimal level of sustainability. Implications. The value of economic, environmental and social indicators determines the degree of sustainability of organic quinoa production systems. Conclusions. An Economic Indicator (KI) of 42.6%, Social Indicator (IS) of 52.7% and Environmental Indicator (EI) of 53.4% were found. The General Sustainability Index (GSI) was 50.9%, which results in an average sustainability level and with critical points related to the market and adverse climatic and biotic factors.
EVALUACIÓN DE DOS ESPECIES DE BAMBÚ BAJO PLANTACIÓN EN ZIRACUARETIRO, MICHOACÁN, MÉXICO
Authors: Muñoz-Flores H. Jesús , Sáenz-Reyes J. Trinidad , Barrera-Ramírez Rubén , Castillo-Quiroz David , Castillo Francisco
Published: July 2022

Background. Bamboo species is characterized by their rapid growth; therefore, they have been used in commercial forest plantations in Mexico under several environments. This study aimed to evaluate the survival and growth of two bamboo species: Otatea acuminata, and Otatea rzedwoskiorum, in plantations in Ziracuaretiro, Michoacán. Methods. An experimental design with randomized blocks, two treatments, four replicates, and 25 plants as experimental units was used. Variance (p= 0.05) and Tukey-test analyses were performed for the variables height (AT), diameter at stem base (DBT), and relative growth rate (TCR) in the program Statistica version 13. Results: After two years, there were differences between both species ( ), where O. rzedwoskiorum stood out in survival (96%), but O. acuminata had more AT (2.04 m), DBT (8.30 mm), and TCR (0.013 mm day-1). Implications: O. acuminata can be established adequately in commercial forest plantations in the temperate region of Michoacán. Conclusions: In survival, Q. rzedwoskiorum was better; however, O. acuminata had better growth.
USO DE HÁBITAT POR ZORRO GRIS (Urocyon cinereoargenteus, CARNIVORA: CANIDAE) EN UN ECOSISTEMA TROPICAL ANTROPIZADO
Authors: Serna-Lagunes Ricardo , Alejandro-Hernández Misael , Ávila-Nájera Dulce María , Torres-Cantú Gerardo Benajmín , Andrés-Meza Pablo , Gastelum-Mendoza Fernando Isaac , Salazar-Ortiz Juan , Ocaña-Parada Carlos De Jesús
Published: July 2022

Background. Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus is tolerant to habitat disturbance, but the biotic and abiotic factors that determine the selection of space in the subperennial medium forest (SMF) with different degrees of anthropization are not known, which is relevant to explain a fraction of an animal’s niche. Objective. We described the use of habitat by the gray fox, in four habitat units in the SMF, with different degrees of anthropization. Methodology. We classified four habitat units with vegetation structure criteria: Sugar cane-coffee plantation, Coffee plantation-forest, forest and Coffee plantation, where we evaluated parameters such as number of carnivores and potential prey and plant cover. In addition, we evaluated the altitude, temperature, precipitation and evaporation. Using indirect techniques, we obtained gray fox records in each habitat unit, which we related to biotic and abiotic parameters through a χ2 test and a partial least squares analysis; we applied a dendrogram to estimate the similarity of use of the habitats; and a response surface-based model to describe habitat use. Results. We associated fourteen independent records of gray fox and six of them with the Coffee plantation-SMF habitat, where it was correlated with temperature. Implications. Shrub coverage, the number of competitors and evaporation in SMF and Coffee plantation-SMF are factors correlated with a low number of gray fox records. Conclusion. In this ecosystem anthropized by the production of coffee and sugarcane, the gray fox may be using open habitats for hunting and closed habitats to seek refuge while it is not active.
EVALUATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND P SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL WITH DIFFERENT LAND USE IN TIGONI, KIAMBU COUNTY, CENTRAL KENYA
Authors: Rop Benard Kiplangat , Karuku George N. , Nduhiu Caroline W.
Published: July 2022

Background: Phosphorous is a limiting crop nutrient in highly weathered tropical soils due to fixation, and its availability for plants’ uptake is influenced by soil physico-chemical characterics, land use type and management practices.    Objective: To evaluate the relationship between selected physico-chemical properties and phosphorous sorption characteristics of a humic nitisol (Alfisol) from Tigoni, Kiambu County, central Kenya. Methodology: The soil was sampled from the same area with different land uses that include tea plantation, maize field and natural forest at 0-25, 25-50 and 50-75 cm depths.  P solution at the rates of 50, 100, 150, 200 mg P L−1 in a 24 h contact time were used in the study for maximum sorption. The data was analysed by simple regression and Pearson correlation analysis.  Results: The adsorption data was fitted more to Langmuir model (R2 = 0.9100-0.9994) compared to Freundlich (R2 = 0.6815-0.9971). The values of P sorption maxima ( ) determined by Langmuir model ranged from 3,333-5,000 mg kg-1 and bonding energies ( ) ranged from 0.2308-1.5385 L mg-1. The buffering capacity of soil ranged from 769-5000 L kg-1 and the external P requirement at 0.2 mg kg-1 (  ranged from 147-1176 mg P kg-1 both increasing with soil depth. P sorption maxima were negatively and significantly correlated with organic carbon (r2 = -0.700*) and Ca2+ (r2 = -0.703*) contents. The pH of soil and clay content were negatively correlated with adsorption parameters ( ) while Al content was positively correlated though none of them was statistically significant. Implication: The data revealed a highly P-sorbing soil particularly tea plantation, a situation that can be alleviated by management practices such as liming and enhancing soil organic matter content. Field experiments are however, recommended to validate the findings of this study. Conclusion: Land use type influences P-sorption capacity of soil hence, fertilizer recommendations should be based on soil physico-chemical characteristics besides crop nutrient requirements.
EVALUACIÓN NUTRICIONAL DE TULE (Typha latifolia) EN LA ALIMENTACIÓN DE OVINOS EN EL ALTIPLANO CENTRAL DE MÉXICO
Authors: Ávila-González Rodrigo , Arriaga-Jordán Carlos Manuel , Estrada-Flores Julieta Gertrudis , López González Felipe
Published: July 2022

Background: Sheep production in central Mexico is an important livestock activity that requires the evaluation of feeding strategies to increase or sustain production in times of feed scarcity. Objective: To evaluate the performance of ewes fed diets with different levels of inclusion of Typha latifolia. Methodology: Fifteen criollo adult ewes were randomly grouped to receive different levels of tule (Typha latifolia) in their feeding as a complement to grazing. An incomplete randomized block design was employed. Daily live weight gain, intake, and body condition score were evaluated, as well as grassland parameters and the chemical composition of feeds. The experiment lasted 60 days divided in four measurement periods. All ewes were supplemented with a commercial pelleted concentrate. The control group (T1) had 0g DM of tule, 461.75 g DM commercial concentrate, and 8 h grazing; T2 had 116.5g DM of tule, 461.75 g DM commercial concentrate, and 8 h grazing; and T3 had 174.75 g DM of tule, 461.75 g DM commercial concentrate, and 8 h grazing. Results: There were significant differences (P<0.05) in DM intake of pasture and Typha latifolia. There were no significant differences among treatments (P>0.05) for initial and final live weight, daily weight gain and body condition score. Implications: Typha latifolia is an available non-conventional forage source for adult sheep maintenance in the dry season for small-scale systems. Conclusion: The inclusion of Typha latifolia in diets for sheep may be a good option for feeding adult ewes in maintenance.
PREVALENCIA E INTENSIDAD DE Lipoptena mazamae RONDANI (DIPTERA: HIPPOBOSCIDAE) Y GARRAPATAS (ACARI: IXODIDAE) EN VENADO COLA BLANCA (Odocoileus virginianus yucatanensis) EN EL SURESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Ojeda Chi Melina Maribel , Rodriguez-Vivas Rogen Ivan , Sanchez-Montes Sokani
Published: July 2022

Background: Louse-fly (Lipoptena spp.) and ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals and accidentally of humans. Globally, there is little information on the medical importance of these ectoparasites, but there are studies that suggest that these ectoparasites might be involved in the transmission of pathogens. In Mexico, both ectoparasites have been reported parasitizing white-tailed deer (WTD, Odocoileus virginianus). Objective: To estimate the prevalence and intensity of Lipoptena spp. and ticks in WTD and its possible implication of louse-flies as a vector of Anaplasma spp. in Southeastern Mexico. Methodology: 25 WTD were inspected for their louse-flies and ticks. Pools of louse-flies were tested by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the presence of a fragment of the 16S-rDNA gene of Anaplasma spp. Results: All louse-fly (96 specimens) were identified as Lipoptena mazamae and 348 ticks of the genera Amblyomma, Ixodes, Rhipicephalus and Haemaphysalis were also identified. The prevalence of WTD with L. mazamae was 56% with an intensity of 6.9 flies/WTD, meanwhile the prevalence of ticks was 92% with an intensity of 15.5 ticks/WTD. Anaplasma spp. was not detected in any of the pools of flies evaluated. Implications: WTD are parasitized by ectoparasites that affect their health and can be transmitters of pathogens to wild animals, domestic animals, and humans, therefore their identification is important for the design of prevention programs. Conclusion: WTD showed high prevelances of L. mazamae and different species of ticks, being the latter with high prevalence and intensity. Molecular tests showed that louse-flies evaluated in this study were not found to be infected with Anaplasma spp.
PERSPECTIVA ACTUAL DEL GUSANO COGOLLERO Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Y SU RESISTENCIA DESARROLLADA A INSECTI
Authors: Cerna Chavez Ernesto , Arispe Vazquez Jose Luis , Mayo Hernandez Juan , Aguirre Uribe Luis Alberto , Ochoa Fuentes Yisa Maria , Hernandez Juarez Agustin , Castro del Angel Epifanio
Published: July 2022

Background. Fall Armyworm (FAW) is one of the most damaging agricultural pests found in Western Hemisphere, and it is now one of the key pests on several crops on America, Africa, Oceania, and Asia; becoming a major threat to food safety in many countries, due to losses caused to farmers. Objective. Review current knowledge of FAW resistance to active ingredients in the world. Methodology. A systematic study was carried out by collecting information from scientific writings, from first reports of resistance of fall armyworm to the more current ones, which included different national and international databases. Main finding. FAW control for decades has been based on the use of chemical insecticides; this has generated applications increase without control and therefore, resistance of the pest. FAW resistance has been reported since 1965; today, FAW has been reported to be resistant to 33 active ingredients in different parts of the world. Implications. The knowledge generated is essential to plan control strategies. Conclusion. The development of new chemical insecticide molecules and the emergence of Bt technology have not achieved good control of FAW. Management strategies for FAW need to be implemented not only in Mexico, but in all places where FAW is present, to avoid further increase FAW resistance to of insecticides and Bt crops; otherwise, the FAW will be present in more places in the world, putting the food safety in more countries at risk.
CLIMATE CHANGE ADOPTION STRATEGIES BY ARABLE CROP FARMERS IN ETHIOPE EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF DELTA STATE, NIGERIA: A MULTIVARIATE PROBIT APPROACH
Authors: Aramide Ikpoza Eguono , Nwachukwu N.C. , Ohwo O.A.
Published: July 2022

Background: The seasonality of most agricultural activities and restricted utilization of inputs in Africa, make it particularly helpless against weather or climate related difficulties across the different phases of the production cycle. Objective: This study focused on climate change adoption strategies by arable crop farmers in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria.  Methodology: A total of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents were used for the study. Data analysis was achieved using descriptive statistics and multivariate probit (MVP) model. Results: The study revealed that the average age of the arable crop farmers was 40 years. An average income of ₦28,000 per month was earned by the arable crop farmers. The result on the various climate change adaptation strategies reveals that income diversification (85.0%) was the most utilized adaptation strategy. The result from the multivariate probit regression analysis revealed that age, farm income and extension visits have a significant impact on choice of climate change adaptation method. Implication: Households with diversified streams of income have greater chances of adopting climate change adaptation strategies because of their ability to afford them. Conclusion: An increase in age, farm income and extension visits have a significant impact on choice of climate change adaptation methods in the study area. It is therefore recommended that farmers in the study area need to expand their source of income in order to form backup savings to invest on adaptation infrastructure.
CACAO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS AND RESILIENCE: POTENTIAL FACTORS IN THE FACE OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE IN MEXICO
Authors: Fisher-Ortíz Roberto Alexander , Rodríguez-Robles Ulises , Aldasoro-Maya E. Miriam , Soto-Pinto M. Lorena , Chávez-García Elsa
Published: July 2022

Background: The cacao agroforestry system (Cacao-AFS) is a small-scale design system with a great diversity and multiple functions; at the same time that is very vulnerable to the climatic variability. Through resilience is possible to see, how does a system respond and/or reorganize in the face of a perturbation like climate change. This work makes a review of Cacao-AFS and analyzes its potential resilience to climate change. Methodology: A review of the state of the art about the cacao system and its resilience had been organized from an analysis of 249 works consulted from bibliographic bases. The information was codified in six factors (scientific and contemporaneous knowledge, agrobiodiversity, socioecological autoregulation, capital, and social self-organization) and climate change implications, and finally evaluated through a matrix. Results: Through the review of the literature, it was found that there is a great adaptive capacity because scientific innovation and contemporaneous knowledge it generates different actions to solve some problems of the system. Also, it was found that there is a great agrobiodiversity in the system that allows the socioecological reproduction of the system (autoregulation). On the other hand, the system is low rentable and the young people don`t want to incorporate to the activity (low capital) and the social actors don´t use to cooperate (low self-organization). Implications: It was found that there are some aspects that favor the resilience of cacao system and others that need to be improved. To improve the resilience of the Cacao-AFS to climate change it is necessary to create spaces for the self-organization of the different actors and the knowledge dialogue, and to make a transition to more just and agroecological schemes. There are still some parts of the systems and their resilience that had not been totally investigated, like the local responses of the communities to climate change, the immaterial life of the cacao peasants, their inter-familiar and inter-community links, the environmental history of the cacao system, the functional and respond biodiversity and holistic economic diagnostics. Conclusions: The cacao system had some elements that indicate some degree of resilience to the climate change. The cacao system is resilient to climate change in some factors and not resilient in others. Their investigation is a fertile field to make multi and interdisciplinary studies.
GROWTH CURVES THROUGH NON-LINEAR MODELS IN CREOLE LAMBS FROM THE MIXTECA REGION OF OAXACA, MEXICO
Authors: Avalos-Castro Raul , Segura-Correa Jose C. , Palacios-Espinosa Alejandro , Romero-Santillan Fernando
Published: July 2022

Background. Growth curves allow to predict the mature weight, the grow rate unto maturity, as well as the age and weight at inflexion point, to improve management on productive animals. Objective. To identify the best non-linear model (NLM), which best describe the growth curve of Creole sheep from the Mixteca region of Oaxaca, Mexico.  Material and methods. The live weights of 720 sheep (438 females and 239 males) between 1 and 60 months of age were used. The NLM evaluated were: Logistic, Gompertz, Michaelis-Menten, Weibull and Mechanist. Analyzes were performed with SAS JMP software. The criteria used to select the best model were the corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc), Bayesian (BIC) and coefficient of determination (R2). Results. For females, the Mechanist and Weibull models adjusted better de data (lowest AICc, BIC), but not being differences with the Michaelis-Menten and Gompertz. For males the lowest AICc, BIC and the highest R2 (0.84) values were for the Logistic, Gompertz and Mechanist models. Implications. The knowledge of the parameters of the growth curves of the creole sheep of the Mixteca region could be used for taking better decisions on the management of this type of sheep. Conclusion. According to the models, the inflection point of the growth curves was reached at a young age and a lower body weight in females than in males; therefore, different models should be used to study the growth kinetics between sexes.
Improvement of Overall Equipment Effectiveness from Predictive Maintenance
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Embedded System, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Leong Chee Him , Yu Yong Poh ,   Department of Computer Science and Embedded System, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lee Wah Pheng ,   Centre For Postgraduate Studies And Research, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) has been used by manufacturers as a key metric to identify how productive a production operation is, during the planned production time. While Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) can be leveraged with data science, predictive maintenance becomes a better option for manufacturers to maintain their equipment. In this study, a simulation of predictive maintenance was done by using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) algorithm to predict machine failure. We also discussed the possible improvement of predictive maintenance to OEE. Keywords: Overall Equipment Effectiveness, Industry 4.0, Predictive Maintenance
Exploration on Machine Sensor Data Channelling towards Smart Manufacturing Implementation
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ng Kheng Hui , Tew Yiqi ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Yip Mun Wai ,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Fast and accurate data channelling between Machine-to-Human (M2H) and Machineto- Machine (M2M) are necessary in Smart Manufacturing implementation. In this paper, a data channelling architecture, i.e., Open Platform Communication Unified Architecture (OPC UA) is used to test on manufacturing machine. Data will be channelled and stored into a centralized hub through OPC UA. Predictive analysis process, one of the useful features of Smart Manufacturing is used to analyse the data stored in centralized hub instantly when the data is collected from the machine. This instantaneous action is to make sure the data in the data collector, which is from the machine will not alter or missing. In this research, OPC UA standard is applied to ensure the results of data channelling fulfill the requirement of Smart Manufacturing implementation. As a result, the OPC UA Server serves more data channeling processes when there is an increment of data bits and it reduces the transmission speed, in both local and VPN connection. Keywords: Data channelling, OPC UA, Industry 4.0, real-time data, Smart Manufacturing
A Usability Evaluation of TARCApp Mobile Application
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Zahiriddin Rustamov , Jaloliddin Rustamov ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Tan Jun Chuan ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Atar Singh Harrsimran Kaur ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Aw Kien Sin ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

TARCApp mobile application is an application used by Tunku Abdul Rahman University College students on a daily basis to access necessary resources. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the usability of the application by comparing with the Concordia mobile application from the aspects of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction. Instruments such as Test Task, Single Ease Question (SEQ) and Software Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaires have been used to measure the usability of these mobile applications. Results indicate that the TARCApp mobile application had a high degree of effectiveness and efficiency. However, the satisfaction was poor, and some usability issues have been discovered during this study. Keywords: usability, mobile application, effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction
Real-Time Human Facial Expression Recognition for Extended Software Usability Testing
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Loh Arthur Chuan Xing , Chaw Jun Kit ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

The main objective of this project is to extend software usability testing through human facial expression recognition in software engineering. Measuring the satisfaction of software using questionnaires may be misleading due to the difficulties in expressing their satisfaction through natural language. Therefore, this project proposes to extend the usability testing with emotion recognition based on multimodal inputs by defining test scenarios with required emotional state distinction on the scenarios. This project is equipped with a real-time human expression recognition software which displays the emotion detected on the screen. Example of the emotions are “happy”, “sad”, “angry”, “neutral” and so on. The method applied in this project is a convolutional neural network (CNN). CNN will be constructed with Keras using TensorFlow backend. All the process of analysis will be done using Spyder IDE using Python as the programming language. The library such as TensorFlow and sklearn will be imported for this building of this project. Each prediction will be visualized as a line graph. The facial expression detection should be able to accurately tell the emotion of the user throughout the usability test and developers will be able to make improvements based on the results. Keywords: Network, deep learning, expression recognition, real-time facial expression, software engineering, usability test
Auto-Assigned Colours on Facebook: Does Facebook Text Delight Colours Reflect the User’s Emotions Correctly?
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Mak Ming Yuan , Choo Yun Bei ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Wong Xin Jie ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Loo Yee Yong ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lim Khai Yin ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

Facebook Text Delight is a feature whereby certain keywords will have different colours auto-assigned to it, heightening user expressions. However, these colours are auto-assigned and only restricted to certain words or phrases. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the accuracy of the colour assigned and the percival of users towards the colours. We collected our data from different socio-demographic Facebook users. A survey was carried out alongside a series of posts with similar content but different colours on Facebook. Our results show that Facebook Text Delight may not reflect user’s emotions accurately. Keywords: Facebook Text Delight, Colour Psychology, Colour Words, Colour Emotions, Text Animations
Intelligent Knowledge-Based System for Environmental Impact Assessment of Mountain Resort Development Project
Authors:   College of Information Technology, Mindanao State University, Marawi City, Philippines, Sieras Joseph C.
Published: July 2022

The study aimed to design and develop an intelligent knowledge-based system prototype which mimics the human domain experts’ knowledge that can be used by environmental impact assessment review committee (EIARC) members in the assessment and preparation of environmental impact assessment (EIA) reports for mountain resort projects. Specifically, the system aimed to strengthen and improve the implementation of EIA among mountain resort development projects through an objective, transparent and fast-paced evaluation of EIA documents. The knowledge-based system was developed using e2gRuleWriter to generate its knowledge base and e2gRuleEngine as expert system shell. The human domain experts were purposively selected as the source of knowledge of the system. Through knowledge engineering, the knowledge of the domain experts was captured and became the basis for the development of the expert system rules which were presented in production rules format to assess the project description and activities of mountain resort developments. The developed expert system rules were validated using resolution principle to ensure its correctness. The human domain experts further validated the developed expert system rules by confirming that the knowledge-based system produces correct recommendation. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Engineering, Environmental Impact Assessment, Expert System