bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Grade Ferronickel Concentrates Prepared from Laterite Nickel Ore by a Carbothermal Reduction and Magnetic Separation Method
Authors: Zhang Jingzhe , Cao Chang , Xue Zhengliang , Li Faliang , Li Shaoping , Duan Hongjuan , Zhang Haijun
Published: October 2023

Nickel is widely used in industrial processes and plays a crucial role in many applications. However, most of the nickel resource mainly exists as nickel oxide in laterite nickel ore with complex composition, resulting in difficulty in upgrading the nickel content using physical separation methods. In this study, high-grade ferronickel concentrates were obtained through a carbothermal reduction and magnetic separation using laterite nickel ore and anthracite as raw materials. The effects of different types of additives (CaF2, Na2SO4 and H3BO3), carbon ratio (nc/no in metal oxides) and grinding time on the recoveries and grades of ferronickel concentrates were experimentally investigated, along with the microstructure and chemical composition of the products. CaF2 was proved to be the primary active additive in the aggregation and growth of the ferronickel particles, and the improvement of the grade of the product. Under the optimal conditions of CaF2 addition of 12 wt.%, carbon ratio of 1.4, and grinding time of 240 s, high-grade magnetically separable ferronickel concentrate with nickel grade 8.93 wt.% and iron grade 63.96 wt.% was successfully prepared. This work presents a practical method for the highly efficient recovery and utilization of iron and nickel from low-grade laterite nickel ore, contributing to the development of strategies for the sustainable extraction and utilization of nickel resources.
The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation After Open Surgical Release for Trigger Finger: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study
Authors: Saito Taichi , Nakamichi Ryo , Nakahara Ryuichi , Nishida Keiichiro , Ozaki Toshifumi
Published: October 2023

Background: It is not clear whether rehabilitation after surgery for trigger finger is effective. The aim of this study was to reveal the effectiveness for trigger finger. Methods: This study was a randomized, controlled trial that included patients who underwent operations for trigger fingers. The patients in the rehabilitation group had postoperative occupational therapy (OT) for 3 months, while the patients in the control group were not referred for rehabilitation but received advice for a range of motion exercise. We evaluated the severity of trigger finger, Disability of Arm-Shoulder-Hand (DASH) score, pain-visual analogue scale (VAS), grip strength, whether they gained a full range of motion (ROM), and complications before and after surgery. Results: Finally, 29 and 28 patients were included in the control and rehabilitation groups, respectively. DASH score, grip strength, and ROM were significantly improved in the rehabilitation group from that preoperatively at final follow-up. Pain was significantly improved in both groups from that preoperatively at final follow-up. Subgroup analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the DASH score of patients doing housework or light work and those with a duration of symptoms > 12 months between the control and rehabilitation groups at the final follow-up.
The Multifunctional Nature of the microRNA/AKT3 Regulatory Axis in Human Cancers
Authors: Yang Chun , Hardy Pierre
Published: October 2023

Serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling regulates diverse cellular processes and is one of the most important aberrant cell survival mechanisms associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Targeting AKT has become an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of many cancers. AKT3 (PKBγ), the least studied isoform of the AKT family, has emerged as a major contributor to malignancy. AKT3 is frequently overexpressed in human cancers, and many regulatory oncogenic or tumor suppressor small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), have recently been identified to be involved in regulating AKT3 expression. Therefore, a better understanding of regulatory miRNA/AKT3 networks may reveal novel biomarkers for diagnosis of patients with cancer and provide invaluable information for developing more effective therapeutic strategies. The aim of this review is to summarize current research progress in the isoform-specific functions of AKT3 in human cancers and the roles of dysregulated miRNA/AKT3 in specific types of human cancers.
Alterations in Intratumoral Immune Response Before and Early-on-Treatment of Nivolumab in Unresectable Advanced or Recurrent Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sato Yasuyoshi , Yamashita Hiroharu , Kobayashi Yukari , Nagaoka Koji , Hisayoshi Tetsuro , Kawahara Takuya , Kuroda Akihiro , Saito Noriyuki , Iwata Ryohei , Okumura Yasuhiro , Yagi Koichi , Aiko Susumu , Nomura Sachiyo , Kakimi Kazuhiro , Seto Yasuyuki
Published: October 2023

Background: We investigated the tumor immune response in gastric cancer patients receiving third line nivolumab monotherapy to identify immune-related biomarkers for better patient se-lection.
Methods: Nineteen patients (10 males, median age 67 years) who received nivolumab as a third or later line therapy were enrolled. We analyzed the tumor immune response in durable clinical benefit (DCB) and non-DCB patients. Pre-treatment and early-on-treatment tumor transcriptomes were examined, and gene expression profiles, immunograms, and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire were analyzed.
Results: DCB was observed in 15.8% of patients, with comparable secondary endpoints (ORR, OS, PFS) to previous trials. Individual immunograms showed no significant changes before and ear-ly-on-treatment, nor consistent alterations among DCB cases. The intratumoral immune response was suppressed by previous treatments in most third or later line nivolumab recipients. TCR repertoire analysis revealed newly emerged clonotypes in on-treatment tumors, but clonal re-placement did not impact efficacy. High T cells/Tregs ratios and a low UV radiation response gene signature were linked to DCB and treatment response.
Conclusions: This study emphasizes the tumor immune response's importance in nivolumab ef-ficacy for gastric cancer. High T cells/Tregs ratios and specific gene expression signatures show promise as potential biomarkers for treatment response. Larger cohort validation is crucial to optimize immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer treatment.
The Release of Grape Pomace Phenolics from Alginate-Based Microbeads During Simulated Digestion In Vitro: The Influence of Coatings and Drying Method
Authors: Martinović Josipa , Lukinac Jasmina , Jukić Marko , Ambrus Rita , Planinić Mirela , Šelo Gordana , Perković Gabriela , Bucić-Kojić Ana
Published: October 2023

Grape pomace is a byproduct of wineries and sustainable source of bioactive phenolic compounds. Encapsulation of phenolics with a well-chosen coating may be a promising means of delivering them to the intestine, where they can then be absorbed and exert their health-promoting properties. Ionic gelation of grape pomace extract with natural coatings (sodium alginate and its combination with maltodextrins, gelatin, chitosan, tragacanth gum, and gum arabic) was performed, and the resulting hydrogel microbeads were then air-, vacuum-, or freeze-dried to prevent their spoilage. The physicochemical characterization (size, shape, texture, and morphology) of the microbeads and the in vitro release of phenols from microbeads were studied and a good relationship between them was established. Freeze-dried microbeads showed the highest cumulative release of phenols as in the intestinal phase (23.31 – 43.27 mgGAE/gMB), followed by vacuum-dried (23.31 - 35.41 mgGAE/gMB) and air-dried (22.74 – 31.38 mgGAE/gMB), while the most suitable release dynamics in the intestinal phase were observed for alginate-based microbeads combined with gelatin (58.4 %), gum arabic (34 %) and 1.5 % w/v chitosan (15.3 %). The results highlight the importance of developing encapsulated formulations containing a natural source of bioactive compounds that can be used in various functional foods and pharmaceutical products.
Semantic Information Theory: Recent Advances and Future Challenges
Authors: Xin Gangtao , Fan Pingyi , Letaief Khaled B.
Published: October 2023

In recent years, semantic communication has received significant attention from both academia and industry, driven by the growing demands for ultra-low latency and high-throughput capabilities in emerging intelligent services. Nonetheless, a comprehensive and effective theoretical framework for semantic communication has yet to be established. In particular, finding the fundamental limits of semantic communication, exploring the capabilities of semantic-aware networks, or utilizing theoretical guidance for deep learning in semantic communication are very important but yet still unresolved issues. In this paper, we delve into the pertinent advancements in semantic information theory. Grounded in the foundational work of Claude Shannon, we present the latest developments in semantic entropy, semantic rate distortion, and semantic channel capacity. Additionally, we will analyze some open problems in semantic information measurement and semantic coding, providing a theoretical basis for the design of a semantic communication system. Furthermore, we carefully review several mathematical theories and tools and evaluate their applicability in the context of semantic communication. Finally, we shed light on the challenges encountered in both semantic communication and semantic information theory.
Evolution and Functions of the Cerebral Cortex – A review
Authors: Guerrero Josep M. , Cabrera Andrea Justo , Vasquez Juan C.
Published: October 2023

This paper deals with the analysis of the cognitive functions of the cerebral cortex or cortex in the evolutionary context. The triune brain model is presented given its notorious popularity in fields that are not strictly neuroscientific, and its limitations and inaccuracies are also shown. Although it is an outdated theory, this one represented the passage to a new era, because it really was the model of the movement towards understanding the brain in evolutionary terms. Next, the paper illustrates the different areas of the cortex and their functions, as well as the evolution of the brain and the cortex in vertebrates. To date, the expansion of the cortex with the amniotes was placed 300 million years ago, although recent studies place it in the lampreys more than 500 million years ago. Evolutionary changes in mammalian brain and cortex size are discussed, showing the evolution from three to six cell layers and trends in different groups of mammals. Finally, the most recent contributions in the field of research are illustrated, such as the role of neurogenesis and the evolution of the connectivity of the cortex.
Signal Filtering Using Neuromorphic Measurements
Authors: Florescu Dorian , Coca Daniel
Published: October 2023

Digital filtering is a fundamental technique in digital signal processing, which operates on a digital
sequence without any information on how the sequence was generated. This paper proposes a methodology for designing the equivalent of digital filtering for neuromorphic samples, which are a low power alternative to conventional digital samples. In the literature, filtering using neuromorphic samples is done by filtering the reconstructed analog signal, which is required to belong to a predefined input space. We show that this requirement is not necessary, and introduce a new method for computing the neuromorphic samples of the filter output directly from the input samples, backed by theoretical guarantees. We show numerically we can achieve a similar accuracy compared to the conventional method. However, given that we bypass the analog signal reconstruction step, our results show significantly reduced computation time for the proposed method and good performance even when signal recovery is not possible.
Reducing Aerodynamic Drag on Flatbed Trailers for Passenger Vehicles using Novel Appendable Devices
Authors: Connolly Michael Gerard , O'Rourke Malachy J. , Ivankovic Alojz
Published: October 2023

This article presents a study on the aerodynamic drag of a generic dual-axle flatbed trailer and explores ways to reduce the drag using appendable drag-reducing devices. The primary sources of drag originated from the van and trailer’s rear, along with the trailer’s wheels. The most effective initial device for reducing drag was a full trailer underside cover which offered a 7% drag reduction. Additionally, ladder racks, dropsides, and rear gates were studied, and it was found that protruding ladder racks significantly increased drag. Rear gates added large amounts of drag and should be removed and stored when not needed. The study also explored novel mid-section devices that increased the van’s base pressure and reduced drag. An axle test revealed that drag for single, dual, and triple axle trailers was very similar in direct flow, but different in yawed flow. A drawbar length test showed a near-linear relationship between drawbar length and drag, manifesting as a 1.7% change in drag per 250mm change in drawbar length. Several novel modifications were made to the trailer, including fitting six unique appendable devices, which offered a total 7.3% drag reduction. A novel rear van device known as the Multi-Stage Converging Cavity was introduced which reduced drag by nearly 18%. When all the devices were used together, a total 25% drag reduction was observed for the van-trailer combination.
Investigating Fully-Strange Tetraquark System with Positive Parity in a Chiral Quark Model
Authors: Tan Yue , Wu Yuheng , Huang Hongxia , Ping Jialun
Published: October 2023

Motivated by the intriguing discovery of $X(6900)$ by LHCb Collaboration, we undertake a comprehensive study of the $s\bar{s}s\bar{s}$ tetraquark system in positive parity, employing the Gaussian expansion within the chiral quark model method. We consider two structures, diquark-antidiquark ($ss$-$\bar{s}\bar{s}$) structure and meson-meson ($s\bar{s}$-$s\bar{s}$)strcuture, encompassing all conceivable color and spin configurations. Despite the absence of bound states in our calculations, we have identified potential resonant states with $J^P=0^{+}$, namely $R(0,2150)$ and $R(0,2915)$, as well as a resonant state with $J^P=1^{+}$ denoted as $R(1,2950)$, and a resonant state with $J^P=2^{+}$ denoted as $R(2,2850)$, utilizing the real-scaling method. Through a comparison of their energies and widths, we propose that $R(0,2915)$ and $R(1,2950)$ may share characteristics with $X(6900)$, while $R(0,2150)$ could be a promising experimental candidate for $f_0(2100)$. We strongly advocate for experimental investigations to shed light on the existence and properties of these resonant states.
Improvement of Air Traffic Controller Scheduling Based on Multi-mode Fatigue Information
Authors: Xu Lin , Ma Shanxiu , Shen Zhiyuan , Huang Shiyu , Nan Ying
Published: October 2023

An algorithm is proposed for discriminating the fatigue state of air traffic controllers based on ap-plying multispeech feature fusion using an FSVM to voice data, and for extracting eye-fatigue-state discrimination features based on PERCLOS eye data. For the speech algorithm and an eye-fatigue index, a new controller fatigue-state evaluation index based on the entropy weight method is proposed based on decision-level fusion of fatigue discrimination results for speech and the eyes. Experimental results show that the fatigue-state recognition accuracy rate was 84.81% for the fatigue state evaluation index, which was 3.36% and 1.86% higher than those for speech and eye assessments, respectively. The comprehensive fatigue evaluation index provides important reference values for controller scheduling and mental-state evaluations.
A Comprehensive Study on Soybean Yield Prediction Using Soil and Hyperspectral Reflectance Data
Authors: Chattopadhyay Souradeep , Gupta Aditya , Carroll Matthew , Raigne Joscif , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar , Singh Asheesh , Sarkar Soumik
Published: October 2023

Soybean yield prediction is a challenging problem in plant breeding that is often affected by many different factors simultaneously. Hyperspectral reflectance data from plants and soil data provide breeders with useful information about soybean plant health and using these different types of data to predict yield is an active area of research. Furthermore, breeding programs encounter challenges such as data imbalance and external factors like genotype variability across different environments, which present significant hurdles in the development of yield prediction models for large-scale breeding programs. In this work, we perform a comprehensive study of predicting yield using both hyperspectral reflectance and soil data to understand what scenario's offer the best chances of predicting yield with high accuracy. We demonstrate a cluster based ensemble approach for yield prediction using hyperspectral reflectance data that can perform well for large scale breeding programs by efficiently harnessing useful information from data through an unsupervised approach.
Risky Food Attitudes in Young Male and Female Athletes
Authors: Fernández-Soriano Marta , Moya-Amaya Heliodoro , Berral-Aguilar Antonio Jesús , Berná-Amoros Genoveva , Martín-Bermudo Francisco Manuel , Berral-de la Rosa Carlos Javier , Berral-de la Rosa Francisco José
Published: October 2023

Eating disorders (EDs) refer to a group of diseases characterized by a strong tendency toward chronicity, often involving distortions in body image distortion and other related symptoms The prevalence of EDs has increased in recent years, specifically in athletic populations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse risky eating attitudes in a sample of 1102 subjects from Se-ville (Spain): 142 women and 960 men aged between 15-25 years old. An online survey, designed using Google Forms, consisted of three questionnaires (EAT-26, SCOFF, and BITE), were com-pleted individually and anonymously. With regards to the cut-off points, the percentage of posi-tive cases with significant scores was 11.43% for EAT-26, 31.22% for SCOFF and 4.36% for BITE. The study found that the probability of testing positive for EDs is significantly higher in women than in men (p < 0.001). Specifically, the risk attitude for EDs in female athletes measured by the EAT-26 test is three times higher than in male athletes, while the risk attitude measured by the SCOFF test is twice as high in females. Risk attitude for EDs in athletes measured by the BITE test is 8 times higher in females than in males. This study’s findings confirm several important as-sumptions made at the outset of the research. There is indeed a higher risk of EDs in athlete populations. Moreover, all three tests therefore show a higher frequency of possible events of EDs in women, with very similar percentages of difference between sexes. The tests also confirm the role played by the coaches in the prevention of EDs in sports and their capacity to reduce ab-normal food-related behaviours. Thus, the future inclusion of these tests in the screening of athletes is highly recommended.
Advancements in Treatment Strategies for Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Xhepa Genti , Vanzulli Andrea , Sciacqua Lucilla Violetta , Inzerillo Agostino , Faerber Pierre , Ierardi Anna Maria , Carrafiello Gianpaolo , Del Grande Filippo , Ricoeur Alexis
Published: October 2023

Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia (CMI) arises from the inability to achieve adequate intestinal blood flow after meals, leading to an imbalance between oxygen and metabolite supply and demand. The true incidence of CMI remains uncertain. However, the occurrence of mesenteric artery occlusive disease (MAOD) is relatively common among the elderly population. Delays in diagnosing CMI can often be attributed to several factors, including the variability of patient symptoms, the range of potential causes for chronic abdominal pain with weight loss. Mikkelson pioneered the introduc-tion of a surgical treatment for occlusive lesions of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in 1957. The inaugural performance of endovascular revascularization (ER) for visceral vessels took place in 1980. The literature has documented two types of endovascular revascularization (ER) methods: percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and primary stenting (PMAS). Despite the limited quality of available evidence, the consensus among experts is strongly in favor of PMAS over PTA alone for the treatment of atherosclerotic mesenteric artery stenosis. There are several key areas of focus for chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) treatment. Randomized controlled trials comparing different stent types, such as covered stents versus bare metal stents, are needed to evaluate effi-cacy, patency rates, and long-term outcomes in CMI patients.
An Insight Into the Inhibitory Mechanisms of Hesperidin on α-Glucosidase Through Kinetics, Fluorescence Quenching and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Kaliaperumal Kumaravel , Zhang Linyan , Gao Liangliang , Xiong Qin , Liang Yan , Jiang Yueming , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2023

The α-glucosidase inhibitor is of interest to researchers due to its association with type-II diabetes treatment by suppressing postprandial hyperglycemia. Hesperidin is a major flavonoid in orange fruit with diverse biological properties. This paper evaluates the effects of hesperidin on α-glucosidase through inhibitory kinetics, fluorescence quenching, and molecular docking methods for the first time. The inhibition kinetic analysis showed that hesperidin reversibly inhibited the α-glucosidase activity with an IC50 value of 18.52 M and the inhibition was performed in an uncompetitive type. Fluorescence quenching studies indicated that the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase was quenched via a static quenching process and only one binding site was present between hesperidin and α-glucosidase. The interaction between them was spontaneous and mainly driven by hydrogen bonds as well as hydrophobic forces. Furthermore, molecular docking results suggested that hesperidin might bond to the entrance or outlet part of the active site of α-glucosidase through a network of five hydrogen bonds formed between hesperidin and the four amino acid residues (Trp709, Arg422, Asn424, and Arg467) of ?-glucosidase and hydrophobic effects. These results provide new insights into the inhibitory mechanisms of hesperidin on α-glucosidase, supporting the potential application of hesperidin-rich orange product as a hypoglycemic functional food.
Systems Biology in Cancer Diagnosis Integrating Omics Technologies and Artificial Intelligence to support physician decision-making
Authors: Fawaz Alaa , Ferraresi Alessandra , Isidoro Ciro
Published: October 2023

Cancer is the second major cause of disease-related dead worldwide, and its accurate early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention are fundamental for saving the patient’s life. Cancer, as a complex and heterogeneous disorder, results from disruption and alteration of a wide variety of biological entities, including genes, proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and metabolites that eventually emerge as clinical symptoms. Traditionally, diagnosis is based on clinical examination, blood tests for biomarkers, histopathology of biopsy, and imaging (MRI, CT, PET, US). Additionally, omics biotechnologies help to further characterize the genome, metabolome, microbiome traits of the patient that could have an impact on the prognosis and patient’s response to the therapy. The integration of all these data relies on gathering of several experts and may require considerable time, and, unfortunately, it is not without the risk of error in the interpretation and therefore in the decision. Systems biology algorithms exploit Artificial Intelligence (AI) combined with omics technologies to perform a rapid and accurate analysis and integration of patient’s big data and support the physician in making diagnosis and tailoring the most appropriate therapeutic intervention. However, AI is not free from possible diagnostic and prognostic errors in the interpretation of images or biochemical-clinical data. Here, we first describe the methods used by systems biology for combining AI with omics and then discuss the potential, challenges, limitations, and critical issues in using AI in cancer research.
Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing 3B as a Potential Prognostic and Therapeutic Biomarker for Glioblastoma
Authors: Kwon Hyukjun , Yun Minji , Bang Minji , Lee Jungsul , Lee Yeo Song , Kwon Take-Hyun , Ko Hae Young , Chong Kyuha
Published: October 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a representative malignant brain tumor characterized by a dismal prognosis, with survival rates of less than 2 years and high recurrence rates. Despite surgical resection and several alternative treatments, GBM remains a refractory disease due to its aggressive invasiveness and resistance to anticancer therapy. In this report, we explore the role of fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B) and its potential as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in GBM. GBM exhibited a significantly higher cancer-to-normal ratio compared to other organs, and patients with high FNDC3B expression had a poor prognosis (p < 0.01). In vitro studies revealed that silencing FNDC3B significantly reduced the expression of Survivin, an apoptosis inhibitor, and also reduced cell migration, invasion, extracellular matrix adhesion ability, and stem cell properties in GBM cells. Furthermore, we identified that FNDC3B regulates PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling in GBM cells using MetaCore integrated pathway bioinformatics analysis and a proteome profiler phospho-kinase array with sequential western blot analysis. Collectively, our findings suggest FNDC3B as a potential biomarker for predicting GBM patient survival and for the development of treatment strategies for GBM.
Asymmetric Dual-Grating Dielectric Laser Accelerator Optimization
Authors: Crisp Sophie , Ody Alexander , Musumeci Pietro
Published: October 2023

Although hundreds of keV in energy gain have already been demonstrated in dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs), there remains challenge in creating structures that can confine electrons for multiple millimeters. We focus here on dual gratings with single sided drive, which have experimentally demonstrated energy modulation numerous times. Using a FTDT simulation to find the fields within various DLA structures and correlating these results with particle tracking simulation, we look at the impact of teeth height and width, as well as gap and offset, on the performance of these structures. We find a tradeoff between electron throughput and acceleration, but that for any given grating geometry there is a gap and offset that will allow some charge acceleration. For our 780 nm laser wavelength, this results in a 1200 nm optimal gap size for most gratings.
Individual-Level Factors associated with Perceived COVID-19 Risk among Health Care Workers in South Africa
Authors: Mhlongo Thandeka Hamilton , Phalane Edith , Voet Alida K , Ndaramu Peter , Siyamanyambo Claris , Mabaso Musawenkosi M , Sewpaul Ronel , Phaswana-Mafuya Refilwe Nancy
Published: October 2023

The global SARS-Cov-2 which caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact over the last 3.5 years, especially among healthcare workers (HCWs) who were constantly in the forefront of the pandemic. Due to the nature of their work, HCWs faced a potential risk of exposure. Therefore, this study investigated the individual-level factors associated with perceived COVID-19 risk among South African HCWs. We used an analytical cross-sectional study design to analyse data from the South African Health Care workers’ response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic online survey conducted by the Human Sciences Research Council across the nine provinces in South Africa, from 11th April to 7th May 2020. In this study, only data (n= 5 579) with non-missing values for COVID-19 risk and individual-level factors (age, gender, educational level, occupational category, and race) was analysed. Univariate and Multivariate binomial logistic regression analyses were conducted. The crude and adjusted odds ratio and p-value ≤ 0.05, were used to describe the association between the individual-level factors and perceived COVID-19 risk, from low-medium to high. The binomial logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with high perceived risk. Perceived COVID-19 risk among HCWs in South Africa was significantly associated with age, race, educational level and occupational category. Being 60 years and older, being “White”, having a Master’s and Doctorate degrees and being a healthcare worker other than a nurse practitioner and medical practitioner, all had higher odds of having high perceived COVID-19 risk. The findings may be used to guide policies and programs aimed at mitigating the impacts of COVID-19 and other similar pandemics.
An overview on Post-Harvest Technological Advances and Ripening Techniques for Increasing Peach Fruit Quality and Shelf Life
Authors: Hayat Umar , Li Wenqing , Bie Hangling , Liu Suning , Guo Dandan , Cao Ke
Published: October 2023

Post-harvest handling and ripening techniques have an impact on peach quality and shelf life, which has a big impact on consumer satisfaction and market competitiveness. This review paper examines recent advancements in ripening techniques and post-harvest technologies with the goal of improving peach fruit quality and sustainability. The factors impacting fruit quality after harvest and the physiological changes that occur throughout peach ripening are fully explained. For maintaining peach freshness and reducing losses, novel handling methods like modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and controlled atmosphere storage (CAS) have been investigated. The study explores the possibilities of nanotechnology applications and low-temperature storage for prolonging shelf life while maintaining texture, flavor, and aroma. Examining the effectiveness and waste reduction potential of automation and mechanization in post-harvest activities. The paper also discusses ethylene-based and non-ethylene-based ripening agents, as well as innovative techniques including gene editing and RNAi technology for controlled and delayed ripening. Analyses are done on how these technologies affect the sensory qualities and nutrient profiles of peaches. The study emphasizes the significance of sustainable practices in the peach industry by focusing on waste reduction, resource efficiency, and circular economy integration. Post-harvest technologies' potential environmental consequences have been taken into consideration and the paper encourages more study and cooperation to increase sustainability.
A Novel Digital Fingerprinting Tool for Histopathology assessment Leveraging AI on Fresh Biopsy and Resection Tissues: A Feasibility Study using Gastrointestinal Tissues
Authors: Gaddam Sunil , Samaddar Poulami , Gopalakrishnan Keerthy , Singh Mansunderbir , Anvekar Priyanka , Shivaram Suganti , Dey Shuvashis , Roy Sayan , Mitra Dipankar , Arunachalam Shivaram P
Published: October 2023

Digitization of tissues allows examination of tissue morphologies in new ways enabling patient stratification for effective treatments. Current slide-scanning techniques capture the visible details of the tissue as whole-slide images and digitally record them in the form of spatial and color relationships. Specialized experimental techniques like Dielectric spectroscopy can also be used to investigate a tissue’s response to an applied electric field. This study used the dielectric spectroscopy method to collect the complex permittivity of healthy and abnormal biopsy tissues excised during gastroenterology procedures. A single pole Cole-Cole model is fitted to the measurements dataset to extract the parameters which are used as features in machine learning binary classification models. The models achieved high accuracy, demonstrating the feasibility of using microwave-based spectroscopy measurements to create a digital dielectric fingerprint for tissues under investigation.
On the Oracle Properties of Bayesian Random Forest for Sparsed High-Dimensional Gaussian Regression
Authors: Olaniran Oyebayo Ridwan , Alzahrani Ali Rashash R
Published: October 2023

Random Forest (RF) is a widely used data prediction and variable selection technique. However, the variable selection aspect of RF can become unreliable when there are more irrelevant variables than relevant ones. In response, we introduced the Bayesian Random Forest (BRF) method specifically designed for high-dimensional datasets with a sparse covariate structure. Our research demonstrates that BRF possesses the oracle property, which means it achieves strong selection consistency without compromising efficiency or bias.
On the Evaluation of Higher Harmonic Current Responses in Disordered Superconductors
Authors: Seibold Götz
Published: October 2023

We discuss a formalism which allows for the calculation of a higher harmonic current response to an applied electric field for disordered superconducting systems described on the basis of tight-binding models. The theory is based on an expansion of the density matrix in powers of the field amplitudes where we solve the equation of motion for the individual components. This allows the evaluation of higher order response functions on significantly larger lattices than one can achieve with a previously used approach, which is based on a direct temporal integration of the equation of motion for the complete density matrix. In case of small lattices, where both methods can be applied by including also the contribution of collective modes, we demonstrate the agreement of the corresponding results.
Small Bowel Diverticulosis and COVID-19: Awareness Is the Key. A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bangeas Petros , Konstantinidis Nikolaos , Chrisopoulou Tania , Karatzia Despoina , Giakoustidis Alexandros , Papadopoulos Vassileios
Published: October 2023

Small bowel non-Meckelian diverticulosis is a rare condition with only few published cases despite being described over 200 years ago. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies suggested that a lot of patients may experience gastrointestinal manifestations. Intestinal symptoms could worsen the inflammation and infection associated with small bowel diverticulitis. Here, we present two cases: one with inflammation and rupture in a COVID-19 patient and the other as an asymptomatic detection. Furthermore, we provide a mini-review of the literature to emphasize the importance of considering this entity in the differential diagnosis of an acute abdomen.
Innovations in Electrochemical Sensors for Lead Ion Detection: Applications in Wastewater Treatment and Cytotoxicity Assessment
Authors: Kamel Morris , Abd El-Fatah Gehad , Zaky Mohamed , Zaher Amal , Farghali Ahmed , I. Othman Sarah , Allam Ahmed , Ahmed Rudayni Hassan , M. Hassouna Mohamed E. , Mahmoud Rehab
Published: October 2023

The requirement for developing tools capable of detecting and monitoring heavy metals (HMs) has recently taken on more significance due to worries about their toxic effect on human health and aquatic habitats. In this study, a simple electrochemical sensing carbon paste electrode (CPE) based on composite of Zinc/Iron layered double hydroxide (LDH) and polyaniline (PANI) was developed for the determination of lead ions in aquatic solutions. For this purpose, Zn-Fe LDH/PANI was prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Modified carbon electrode based Zn-Fe LDH/PANI was electrochemically characterized compared with unmodified electrode in FCN as a redox probe using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Thus, Zn-Fe LDH/PANI was utilized as sensing material for the electrochemical determination of lead ions using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Zn-Fe LDH/PANI/CPE show limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 167.8 nM and 559.4 nM, respectively. Zn/Mg/Fe LDH was prepared using co-precipitation method and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and BET, used for removal of Pb+2 ions. Removal process was investigated at different conditions as pH, metal ion concentrations, starting adsorbent dose at first and contact time. Zn/Mg/Fe LDH was evaluated as an effective adsorbent material for lead ions elimination in aquatic solutions, with capacity of adsorption 700 mg/g. The elimination of lead ions on Zn/Mg/Fe LDH fitted the pseudo first-order kinetics model and the isotherm was matched with Langmuir model. Studies revealed that the ideal removal conditions were pH = 5.0, an adsorbent mass of 0.05 g, and 20 ml of 50 ppm metal ion concentration at 60 min. The Zn-Fe LDH/PANI composite also showed potential anti-cancer properties against lung cancer cells (A549) while maintaining safety for normal lung fibroblast cells (WI-38). Collectively, advancements in electrochemical sensors offer promising solutions for lead ion detection, with wide-reaching applications in wastewater treatment and cytotoxicity assessment. These innovations have the potential to enhance environmental monitoring and public health safety.
Induction of Antiviral Mechanisms by Interferon-Related Genes in Rock Bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) Infected with Rock Bream Iridovirus (RBIV)
Authors: Jung Myung-Hwa
Published: October 2023

We evaluated the transcriptional response of interferon (IFN)-related genes in rock bream iridovirus (RBIV)-infected rock bream under high-, low-, or no-mortality conditions induced by different stocking water temperatures. Under the high susceptibility condition (group A, water temperature 26 °C, 100% mortality), only the Mx gene was expressed early, with prolonged expression, and with heavy viral loads of approximately 106–107 major capsid protein gene copies/μL from 4 to 10 days post infection (dpi). However, IRF1, IRF3, IRF8, STAT1, ISG15, PKR, Viperin, GVIN1, IFI44, and ISG56 were activated at later time points (8 dpi) and then quickly decreased (10 dpi). For the low susceptibility condition, the water temperature was set at 23 °C for 7 days (group B) and then reduced to 17 °C. Group B exhibited a 28% mortality rate, in which persistent and effective antiviral responses were observed for long periods of time. In particular, at 20 and 22 dpi, when virus replication was peaked at approximately 107/μL, the expressions of most of the IFN-related genes (IRF1, IRF3, IRF8, Mx, STAT1, ISG15, PKR, Viperin, GVIN1, IFI44, and ISG56) were significantly higher in group B than in the control group. Moreover, prolonged and higher levels of IRF3 (at least 30 dpi), IRF8 (at least 30 dpi), ISG15 (at least 30 dpi), PKR (at least 28 dpi), Viperin (at least 30 dpi), and IFI44 (at least 30 dpi) were also observed in the recovery stage of infection. Under the no-susceptibility condition at 17 °C (0% mortality), significantly elevated levels of IRF3, Mx, ISG15, and PKR were observed mostly until 20 dpi. The findings indicate that RBIV infection can induce an efficient IFN-mediated antiviral immune response in low- and no-susceptibility conditions. The findings could be valuable for effective control of viral pathogens in fish.
From Crafoord's End-to-End Anastomosis Approach to Percutaneous Interventions: Coarctation Management Strategies and Reinterventions
Authors: Vasile Corina Maria , Laforest Gerald , Bulescu Cristian , Jalal Zakaria , Thambo Jean-Benoit , Iriart Xavier
Published: October 2023

First described in 1760 by the anatomist Morgagni, CoA is a congenital heart defect characterized by narrowing the aorta, typically distal to the left subclavian artery. It accounts for approximately 5-8% of all congenital heart diseases, with an incidence estimated at 4 per 10,000 live births. In 1944, the Swedish surgeon Clarence Crafoord achieved the first successful surgical CoA repair by performing an aortic end-to-end anastomosis on two patients aged 12 and 27 years old. Presently, the most prevalent techniques for surgical repair, particularly in infants and neonates with isolated coarctation, involve resection with end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) and the modified Crafoord technique (extended resection with end-to-end anastomosis (EEEA)). Subclavian flap aortoplasty (SCAP) is an alternative surgical option for CoA repair in patients under two years of age. In cases where the stenosis extends beyond resection and end-to-end anastomosis feasibility, patch aortoplasty (PP) employing a prosthetic patch can augment the stenotic region, especially for older patients. Despite advances in pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery, recoarctation remains a significant concern after surgical or interventional repair. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough analysis of coarctation management, covering the pioneering techniques introduced by Crafoord using head-to-tail anastomosis and now extending to the contemporary era marked by percutaneous interventions as well as the recoarctation rate associated with each type.
A construção de um podcast sobre a Rainha Jinga
Authors: Dos Santos Maria Emilia Vasconcelos , Barbosa Vitor Matheus de Araújo , De Sá Leitão Yasmin Christine Coutinho
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo é um relato acerca da pesquisa, elaboração e aplicação de um podcast acerca da personagem histórica “Rainha Jinga”, realizado junto às turmas de 2º Ano do Ensino Médio da Escola Técnica Estadual Dom Bosco, em Recife, Pernambuco.  A ação foi desenvolvida por estudantes participantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência, da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Apresentamos, neste texto, o arcabouço teórico consultado para a produção do podcast, o próprio processo de construção desse material e os resultados e perspectivas concebidos não só após a aplicação do podcast, como também de um questionário interessado em entender o nível de compreensão dos estudantes e os elos criados nessa complexa relação entre passado e presente.
METHODICAL SUPPORT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS OF A SPECIAL MEDICAL GROUP
Authors: Dehtiarova Iryna , Tsereteli Viktoriya , Zinchenko Lina
Published: October 2023

The article examines the results of implementing into the educational process the developed methodical support for independent classes in physical education of students of the 1st-3rd courses of the special medical group of NTU "KhPI" during distance learning. Methods of pedagogical observation, survey, literature analysis and generalization of information, logical and mathematical and statistical methods were used to solve the problems. During the academic year (2022-2023), students of the special medical group used methodological guidelines and methodological recommendations for practical classes, completed practical tasks to obtain information about the state of their physical and psychophysical state of the body, for which additional points were received in the discipline of physical education.
The Role of ePortfolios in Formative Assessment: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: GÜN-TOSİK Ezgi , ATASOY Bilal , YÜKSEL Akça Okan
Published: October 2023

In educational settings, formative assessment is used to determine the status of students and foster their development. Task, process, and feedback serve as the basis of formative assessments. Typically, tasks are introduced to lessons to facilitate student feedback. Due to their technological potential, eportfolios are often used to help with assigning tasks, managing processes, and getting feedback. It is necessary to incorporate the findings from environments where eportfolios are used for formative assessment into the existing literature. A systematic literature review was employed for this purpose. Three researchers reviewed 33 studies utilizing content analysis. The Fleiss kappa was used to determine inter-rater reliability. Quantitative analysis was performed on the articles' dependent or related variables, environments, research method, implementation period, evaluators, eportfolio type, activity format, evaluation instruments, education level, and course categories. Among the qualitative findings of the studies were the prominent concepts of the use of eportfolios, as well as the themes and codes of advantages and challenges. The findings indicate that the integration of eportfolios in the formative assessment process, despite its challenges, provides significant advantages. It is expected that the study's findings will be useful for researchers as well as practitioners who intend to use eportfolios for formative assessment processes.
Investigation of the Effect of Online (Web-Based) Formative Assessment Applications on Students' Academic Achievement
Authors: ÇETİN Bayram , AKPINAR Şeref
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the secondary education 10. the aim of this study is to examine the effect of the applications of providing resources for learning disabilities by the system and providing feedback for learning disabilities by the teacher within the scope of online (web-based) formative evaluation application of mathematics course of second-degree equations of classroom students on the students' achievements. In the research, it was used using a semi-experimental pattern. Pre-test - post-test success tests and monitoring facilities were used. The research was conducted in the 2022-2023 academic year with a total of 302 students selected from 4 schools and 12 branches in Göksun and Ağrın districts using stratified, random cluster sampling method. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and covariance analysis (ANCOVA). According to the results of the research, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the pre-test averages of the groups, but a statistically significant difference appeared in the post-test. Dec. The provision of resources for learning disabilities by the system applied to the Experiment-2 group and the provision of detailed feedback by the teacher according to the Cognitive Diagnostic Modeling (BTM) for learning disabilities, the provision of resources for learning disabilities by the system applied to the Experiment-1 group and normal teaching applied to the Control group; the provision of resources for learning disabilities by the system applied to the experiment-1 group and normal teaching applied to the control group were also found to be effective. In addition, according to the results of the experimental processing process, Experiment-2 showed a higher level of development between the pre- and Decal test averages than Experiment-1 and Experiment-1 from the Control group.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING DATA MINING ALGORITHMS IN PREDICTION OF LIVE BODY WEIGHTS OF SMALL RUMINANTS
Authors: EYDURAN Ecevit
Published: October 2023

The main purpose of the sheep production is to improve profitability of yield traits such as meat, milk and wool obtained per animal. In this respect, selection is a remarkable tool for achieving genetic improvement and attaining better qualified offspring as to the quantitative traits. In obtaining of superior offspring according to a quantitative trait like live weight, the conservation of indigenous genetic sources and the detection of the breed standards, animal breeders take into account indirect selection criteria with the help of high genetic correlation coefficients between live weight and morphological traits.
ADVERSE REACTIONS OF DACARBAZINE IN PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY; A CASE SERIES FROM A TERTIARY CARE CANCER SPECIALTY HOSPITAL, PAKISTAN
Authors:   Ehsan Elahi, Nadeem Saleha
Published: October 2023

Hodgkin’s lymphoma in pediatric patients involves chemotherapy drug regimens containing Dacarbazine as a backbone of the therapy. Adverse drug events are the major concerns in the treatment plan of chemotherapy. Here in this case series, we present five cases of Hodgkin’s lymphoma of pediatric age group getting treated with Dacarbazine based chemotherapy either COPDac or ABVD. All patients developed shivering during the infusion. Three of them had fever spikes and one patient happened to have tachycardia. All the events were managed conservatively followed by safe administration of chemotherapy. Four patients are continuing to have treatment as per the plan and one patient is with end of treatment and on follow up.