bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reproduction of the silver John dory Zenopsis conchifer (Actinopterygii: Zeiformes) based on virgin stock condition
Authors: Vaz-dos-Santos André Martins , Rossi-Wongtschowski Carmen Lúcia Del Bianco , Honji Renato Massaaki , Bannwart Denis
Published: December 2014

This study describes the reproduction of the silver John dory, Zenopsis conchifer, based on data collected before its fishery exploitation in the southwestern Atlantic, Brazil, in the early 2000s. Biological material was collected through bottom-trawl surveys in 2001 and 2002 from depths of 100 to 600 m. A total of 1,056 individuals ranging from 57 to 504 mm Ls were analyzed. A sex ratio analysis showed that males were predominant among the shorter fishes (< 240 mm Ls) and females among the longer ones (> 320 mm Ls). Between 240 mm and 319 mm Ls sex-ratio was 1:1. The silver John dory is a multiple spawner. Spawning is protracted and more intensive during August and November, when both females and males in spawning capable actively spawning and in regression/regeneration stages were predominant. In this period average values of gonadosomatic index were also higher. For both sexes, the first maturation occurs at 220 mm Ls and at 240 mm Ls all fish can be considered adult. The recruitment apparently takes place from February to May. The length-weight relationships fitted to all specimens and for both sexes yieldedb coefficients of ∼2.7. The virgin stock ofZ. conchifer here characterized, may serve a basis for future studies on the effects of fisheries on the reproduction of the species.
Intra annual seed production and availability of two morphotypes of Brosimum rubescens taubert in forests of the Colombian Amazon
Authors: Rivera Luis Eduardo , Peãuela María Cristina , Moreno Flavio
Published: December 2014

We assessed the reproductive phenology, production, and availability of seeds for two morphotypes of Brosimum rubescens Taub. (Moraceae), locally known as black palosangre (BP) and white palosangre (WP) during an annual cycle in a 20-ha mega plot located in a primary forest at the El Zafire Biological Station, in the Colombian Amazon. We found that 87% and 41% of potentially reproductive individuals of BP and WP respectively, was fertile and the production of reproductive structures was variable within and between morphotypes. The phenological pattern was seasonal in both morphotypes, characterized by flowering at the end of the dry season and fruiting at the start of the rainy season. BP produced and aborted large amounts of infructescences (approximately 21743), possibly as a response to satiate predators. Relative predation in terms of pre-dispersion of seeds was similar in both morphotypes, with a greater damage generated by a Scolytidae Curculionidae (Coleoptera) and to a lesser degree by frugivorous vertebrates. The number of mature fruits, total seeds, and removed seeds was similar for both morphotypes. Differences in the amount of reproductive structures and in the timing of phenophases between morphotypes decreased the competition and contributed to their coexistence. It seems that in undisturbed forests seed limitation could be more conditioning for WP, while other limitations after fruit and seed production could occur in BP.
Analysis of the Factors Affecting Resistance to Changes in Management Accounting Systems
Authors: Angonese Rodrigo , Lavarda Carlos Eduardo Facin
Published: December 2014

Despite changes in the environment and management accounting practices, studies indicate that management accounting systems do not change or change at a much slower rate than expected. The stability of the management accounting systems used by companies may relate to resistance to changing these systems. This study analyzes the factors that contribute to resistance to implementing an integrated management system from the perspective of institutional theory, grounded in the old institutional economics. Methodologically, this study provides a qualitative assessment of the problem and a descriptive analysis of the resistance factors through a case-study approach. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed through content analysis. Two companies were selected for this study due to their differing characteristics. The following seven factors were analyzed for resistance to implementing integrated management systems: institutional power, ontological insecurity, trust, inertia, lack of knowledge, acceptance of routines and decoupling. However, there was no evidence to characterize hierarchical power. The research findings indicate that changing management accounting systems, through the implementation of an integrated management system, faces internal resistance in these organizations. Each factor varies in intensity but is permanently present in these companies, such as ontological insecurity, trust, inertia, lack of knowledge, acceptance of routines and decoupling. These factors are awakened when the change process begins and, if they gather enough force, can stop the change.
Os gêneros jornalísticos do tablet e a força do costume cultural do dispositivo
Authors: Seixas Lia , Tourinho Ieda , Guedes Mariana
Published: December 2014

Neste artigo, focamos no principal objetivo da pesquisa sobre gêneros jornalísticos em dispositivos móveis: compreender se e como o medium digital (DEBRAY, 1993) influencia na constituição de gêneros discursivos jornalísticos. Foram analisadas 187 composições discursivas de Globo A Mais e do Estadão Noite (hoje Estadão Light ). Analisamos quantitativa e qualitativamente os resultados de: formato, sequências (ADAM, 2006), pirâmide invertida e pirâmide deitada (CANAVILHAS, 2006), evento agendável, legítimo e legitimado (VAZ; FRANÇA, 2011), instantaneidade e periodicidade (GROTH, 2011) e noticiabilidade (WOLF, 2001). Feita esta análise comparativa, investigamos o tablet com a midiologia (MCLUHAN, 1974; DEBRAY, 1993). A nossa tese: uma das principais linhas de força do medium é o costume cultural que se adere ao dispositivo tablet, com o fortalecimento de dois gêneros originais do impresso, reportagem e coluna.
O som do ódio: explorando o uso das letras da música hatecore como estratégia de recrutamento pelo Movimento da Força Branca
Authors: Martinez Jr. Belio Antonio , Selepak Andy
Published: December 2014

Este estudo utiliza a “Grounded Theory” para examinar o uso de letras de músicas hatecore como uma Comunicação estratégica para difundir ideologia skinhead. Os resultados indicam que as letras retratam as minorias étnicas e religiosas, e os homossexuais como inferiores e subumanos. Os judeus, o governo e os brancos que se opõem à ideologia skinhead são descritos como parte do problema. As letras são usadas para recrutar brancos marginalizados para o movimento, definindo-os como impotentes e perdendo poder enquanto “outros” o ganham. Também os recrutam por meio de mensagens positivas de orgulho racial branco. Como acontece com outros movimentos sociais, os resultados indicam que o poder desempenha um papel central na definição do problema que enfrentam os brancos marginalizados, a causa dos problemas, e as soluções prescritas encontradas nas letras das músicas hatecore.
Aplicação de farinha de casca de maracujá em massa alimentícia fresca
Authors: Fogagnoli Gabriela , Seravalli Elisena Aparecida Guastaferro
Published: December 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da adição de farinha de casca de maracujá e um emulsificante (estearoil-2-lactil-lactato de sódio) nas características de massa alimentícia fresca. Para comparação, uma formulação padrão foi desenvolvida utilizando farinha de trigo, água e emulsificante. Um planejamento fatorial completo 2² foi usado para avaliar a influência dos dois ingredientes (variáveis independentes) na taxa de absorção de água durante o cozimento, no aumento de volume, na perda de sólidos e na elasticidade da massa. Variando a concentração de farinha de casca de maracujá de 5,0% para 8,0%, houve aumento de 40% na perda de sólidos e redução de 20% na elasticidade da massa desenvolvida. Com esses resultados, estabeleceu-se a formulação a ser usada, contendo 0,4% de emulsificante e 5% de farinha de casca de maracujá, apresentando na sua composição, em base úmida: 1,34% de gordura; 9,25% de proteína; 0,61% de cinzas; 0,0598% de sódio; 52,45% de carboidratos; e 5,22% de fibras. Amostras de macarrão preparado com as duas formulações (padrão e adicionada de farinha de casca de maracujá) foram oferecidas a provadores não treinados para avaliação sensorial. Os resultados do teste de aceitação não mostraram diferença significativa entre elas (p > 0,05) e as duas formulações apresentaram notas entre os termos hedônicos "gostei regularmente" e "gostei muito". O produto final desenvolvido apresentou teor de fibras superior a 3%, podendo ser classificado como fonte de fibras (2,5 gramas de fibras na porção de 80 gramas do macarrão pronto para consumo).
Total bacterial count and somatic cell count in refrigerated raw milk stored in communal tanks
Authors: Alves Edmar da Costa , Dahmer Alice Maria , Borges Aurélio Ferreira
Published: December 2014

The current industry demand for dairy products with extended shelf life has resulted in new challenges for milk quality maintenance. The processing of milk with high bacterial counts compromises the quality and performance of industrial products. The study aimed to evaluate the total bacteria counts (TBC) and somatic cell count (SCC) in 768 samples of refrigerated raw milk, from 32 communal tanks. Samples were collected in the first quarter of 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 and analyzed by the Laboratory of Milk Quality - LQL. Results showed that 62.5%, 37.5%, 15.6% and 27.1% of the means for TBC in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, were above the values established by legislation. However, we observed a significant reduction in the levels of total bacterial count (TBC) in the studied periods. For somatic cell count, 100% of the means indicated values below 600.000 cells/mL, complying with the actual Brazilian legislation. The values found for the somatic cell count suggests the adoption of effective measures for the sanitary control of the herd. However, the results must be considered with caution as it highlights the need for quality improvements of the raw material until it achieves reliable results effectively.
Análise das patentes de tecnologias relacionadas aos probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos no Brasil
Authors: Santos Ferlando Lima , Ferreira Mariza Alves , Pires Edilson Araújo , Oliveira Fábio Santos de , Silva Camilla Fernanda Godinho da , Vieira Rafael Bittencourt
Published: December 2014

Este trabalho avaliou os documentos de patentes depositados no Brasil que fazem referência aos termos probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos. Os dados foram selecionados nas bases de dados do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial e do European Patent Office. O ano de 2010 apresentou maior número de patentes depositadas. As indústrias de alimentos e farmacêuticas formam os setores de maior destaque, representando juntas 70% dos depósitos de patentes nesse ramo. Entre as patentes do setor alimentício, 77,55% dos depósitos foram efetuados por empresas, recebendo destaque a Nestlé S.A. A busca através dos termos relacionados revela que o Brasil tem um universo de 101 pedidos de proteção de patentes no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial e que desse total apenas 22,45% foram oriundos de depositantes do próprio país, implicando na necessidade de ampliar o incentivo à proteção das propriedades industriais para geração de novos produtos.
FOR A GOAL CONCILIATION THEORY: ANTE-FACTUAL ABDUCTIVE HYPOTHESES AND PROACTIVE MODELLING
Authors: Rauen Fábio José
Published: December 2014

Based on Sperber and Wilson's (1986/1995) relevance theory, I outline a goal conciliation theory in this paper in order to describe and explain the formulation and the evaluation of ante-factual abductive hypotheses in proactive contexts, claiming that the individual produces an inference to the best solution in these cases. I present this conceptual architecture in four stages-goal designing, and hypothesis formulation, execution and checking-with an example in which an individual intends to open his own locked front door. Finally, I evaluate goal self and hetero-conciliation processes in contexts of categorical, biconditional, conditional, enabling, and tautological ante-factual abductive hypotheses.
AS PORTAS QUE GIRAM: UM ESTUDO DISCURSIVO SOBRE A DEGRADAÇÃO DO CORPO EM A ÚLTIMA GARGALHADA
Authors: Silva Odair José Moreira da
Published: December 2014

O expressionismo alemão no cinema floresceu como um ciclo de filmes que tinha como uma das metas revelar a experiência conflituosa e psicológica das personagens envolvidas nos ditames sociais com uma profusão de elementos que propagavam o tom caótico de seus inconscientes. Um dos temas frequentes desse cinema centrava-se na degradação social, tanto física, quanto moral. O discurso fílmico expressionista é construído, em alguns casos, com base na figurativização de corpos à beira do colapso e da ruína humana, o que enfatiza ainda mais essa degradação que percorre todo o enredo. Pelo viés da semiótica francesa, enfatizando a teoria discursiva que trata dos temas e das figuras dos discursos, sem se esquecer do trabalho recorrente das isotopias figurativas, pretende-se aqui observar de perto como um tema tão recorrente foi engendrado na estrutura de um dos filmes mais marcantes do cinema expressionista alemão, A última gargalhada (1924), de Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau.
Emotional dimensions in people with aggressive behavior: differential responses to affective visual stimuli
Authors: Gantiva Carlos , Estupiñan Erwin , Montaña Ingrid , Sierra María , Zocadegui Eva , Romo-González Tania
Published: December 2014

INTRODUCTION: The emotional interaction between personal attributes and the environment is a key element to understand aggression. This study identified emotional responses of people with different aggressive traits to pictures with a specific affective content.METHODS:Three hundred fifteen individuals were divided into five groups according to their scores on the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, which consists of 24 pictures of the International Affective Picture System that depict aggression, the suffering of others, filial situations, and sexual content. Each picture was evaluated for valence, arousal, and dominance using the Self-Assessment Manikin scale.RESULTS:Sexual pictures were more appetitive and associated with more arousal in the groups of individuals with some aggression-related dimension than in the non-aggressive group.CONCLUSIONS: A strong interaction was found between aggressive traits (e.g., verbal aggression, physical aggression, anger, and hostility) and pictures with a sexual content. This interaction is decisive in understanding the later phases of aggressive behaviors and sexual aggression.
Who seeks public treatment for substance abuse in Brazil? Results of a multicenter study involving four Brazilian state capitals
Authors: Faller Sibele , Peuker Ana Carolina , Sordi Anne , Stolf Anderson , Souza-Formigoni Maria Lucia , Cruz Marcelo Santos , Brasiliano Sílvia , Pechansky Flavio , Kessler Felix
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE: To assess the characteristics of alcohol and drug users who seek treatment at the Brazilian Unified Health System in Brazil.METHOD:A multicenter cross-sectional study involving five clinical and research centers located in four Brazilian state capitals was conducted with 740 in- and outpatients. The only exclusion criterion was the presence of neurological or severe psychiatric symptoms at the moment of the interview. The Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used to assess the severity of substance use and the problems related.RESULTS: There were significantly more men than women in the sample; mean age was 36 years. The drug most frequently used at all sites was alcohol (78%), followed by cocaine/crack (51%). Alcohol was the drug that most commonly motivated treatment seeking, at all centers. ASI-6 Summary Scores for Recent Functioning (SS-Rs) were quite similar among centers. SS-Rs were compared between users who had never received treatment for psychoactive substance abuse (n = 265, 36.1%) and those who had already been treated at one or more occasions (n = 470, 63.9%). This analysis revealed significant differences between the groups in the drug, psychiatric symptoms, legal, and family/social problems areas (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm previous evidence suggesting that the management of patients seeking drug abuse treatment should take several different aspects into consideration, e.g., education, employment, and family relationships, which often appear as areas of concern for these individuals.
Urinary incontinence related to perineal muscle strength in the first trimester of pregnancy: cross-sectional study
Authors: Riesco Maria Luiza Gonzalez , Fernandes-Trevisan Karina , Leister Nathalie , Cruz Camila da Silva , Caroci Adriana de Souza , Zanetti Miriam Raquel Diniz
Published: December 2014

Objective To analyze pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS), urinary continence and quality of life related to urinary incontinence (UI) of women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Method Cross-sectional study with a sample of 500 women who started prenatal care in a complementary healthcare facility in Guarulhos, state of São Paulo, from 2012 and 2013. Pelvic floor muscle strength was evaluated through perineometry. The pregnant women who presented UI answered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results It was found that maternal age (OR=1.06; CI95% 1.02-1.11) and prior UI (OR=15.12; 95%CI 8.19-27.92) are the variables that, in tandem, best explain the occurrence of UI at the beginning of pregnancy. The mean score on the ICIQ-SF was 8.2 (SD=3.9), considered a moderate impact on quality of life. Conclusion Older pregnant women with prior UI are more likely to have UI in the first trimester of pregnancy.
[Artigo Retratado] A Rodada Uruguai e a África: Uma Crítica à Abordagem Liberal do Regime de Comércio
Authors: Souza Igor Abdalla Medina de
Published: December 2014

Desde o momento em que acadêmicos de Relações Internacionais enfocaram o GATT 1947 para convergir em torno do conceito de regimes, arranjos normativos têm sido concebidos como instrumentos que levam os Estados a melhoras de Pareto. Este artigo apresenta as estimativas de perdas absolutas da África com o Acordo da OMC para investigar a Rodada Uruguai do ponto de vista do conceito de poder institucional. Após resolverem amplas divergências em agricultura, os Estados Unidos e as Comunidades Europeias usaram o seu poder demercado paramudar o fórum da propriedade intelectual e impor aos países menos poderosos escolha entre aderir à OMC ou arcar com os custos de exclusão do novo regime de comércio. Desencadeou- se dinâmica de rolo compressor que aumentou os custos de exclusão e fez com que países africanos, que perdem em termos de PIB, renda real, exportações e medidas de bem-estar econômico, aderissem à organização. Aceitou-se a OMC como uma escolha pelo mal menor. A visão de soma positiva dos arranjos normativos cega acadêmicos de RI para a realidade de que instituições são frequentemente apresentadas como ofertas que os países mais pobres não podem recusar. As assimetrias criadas pelo Acordo da OMC seriam remediadas, na Rodada Doha, com abrangente liberalização agrícola, uma profunda revisão do TRIPS e suporte a que os países pobres possam arcar com custos de ajuste e implementação, bem como participar efetivamente das negociações de novos acordos e domecanismo de solução de controvérsias.
Violência de gênero e saúde coletiva: um debate necessário
Authors: Escorsim Silvana Maria
Published: December 2014

O trabalho discute a violência como um fenômeno humano-social, relacional, multicausal e polissêmico, complexo em sua origem e em suas manifestações, produzido sócio-historicamente. Debate a violência na política de saúde e destaca os avanços da Lei Maria da Penha. Apresenta alguns índices de violência contra as mulheres no Brasil, por meio de pesquisa realizada pelo Ministério da Saúde e reflete sobre a intersetorialidade das ações públicas.
Novel equations to predict body fat percentage of Brazilian professional soccer players: A case study
Authors: Novack Luiz Fernando , Ferreira Guilherme Assunção , Coelho Rogerio Luz , Osiecki Raul
Published: December 2014

This study analyzed classical and developed novel mathematical models to predict body fat percentage (%BF) in professional soccer players from the South Brazilian region using skinfold thicknesses measurement. Skinfolds of thirty one male professional soccer players (age of 21.48 ± 3.38 years, body mass of 79.05 ± 9.48 kg and height of 181.97 ± 8.11 cm) were introduced into eight mathematical models from the literature for the prediction of %BF; these results were then compared to Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). The classical equations were able to account from 65% to 79% of the variation of %BF in DXA. Statistical differences between most of the classical equations (seven of the eight classic equations) and DXA were found, rendering their widespread use in this population useless. We developed three new equations for prediction of %BF with skinfolds from: axils, abdomen, thighs and calves. Theses equations accounted for 86.5% of the variation in %BF obtained with DXA.
Children's learning of tennis skills is facilitated by external focus instructions
Authors: Hadler Ricardo , Chiviacowsky Suzete , Wulf Gabriele , Schild José Francisco Gomes
Published: December 2014

The present study examined the effects of instructions promoting external versus internal foci of attention on the learning of a tennis forehand stroke in 11-year old children. Three groups of participants practiced hitting tennis balls at a target. External focus group participants were instructed to direct their attention to the movement of the racquet, while participants in the internal focus group were asked to direct their attention to the movements of their arm. Participants in a control group did not receive attentional focus instructions. Two days after the practice phase (60 trials), learning was assessed in retention and transfer tests. The results showed that the external focus group demonstrated greater accuracy in hitting a target relative to the two other groups in retention, and relative to the internal focus group in transfer. We conclude that instructions inducing an external focus of attention can enhance children's sport skill learning.
Braking and propulsive impulses in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome when walking up and down stairs
Authors: Saad Marcelo Camargo , Moraes Renato , Felicio Lilian Ramiro , Bevilaqua-Grossi Débora
Published: December 2014

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a prevalent clinical condition and it affects gait behavior. Braking and propulsive impulses are important biomechanical parameters obtained from ground reaction forces (GRF), which combine the amount of force applied over a period of time. The aim of this study was to evaluate these impulses while walking up and down stairs in healthy controls and PFPS individuals. The results did not reveal significant differences in braking and propulsive impulses between groups during these activities. Thus, the painful condition on a simple functional activity was insufficient to change the motor strategy to walking up or down the stairs.
Endoparasites of horses from the Formiga city, located in center-west region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Weslen Fabricio Pires , Felippelli Gustavo , Cruz Breno Cayeiro , Maciel Willian Giquelin , Fávero Flávia Carolina , Gomes Lucas Vinicius Costa , Buzzulini Carolina , Prando Luciana , Bichuette Murilo Abud , Lopes Welber Daniel Zanetti , Oliveira Gilson Pereira de , Costa Alvimar José da
Published: December 2014

With the aim of studying the endoparasite fauna of horses from the Formiga city, located in center-west region of the state of Minas Gerais, 25 animals that were naturally infected with helminths were evaluated. By means of parasitological necropsies, different endoparasites were found. The subfamily Cyathostominae presented the highest incidence, followed by Trichostrongylus axei, Oxyuris equi, Triodontophorus serratus, Strongyloides westeri, Strongylus edentatus, Habronema muscae, Parascaris equorum, Probstmayria vivipara, Strongylus vulgaris, Gasterophilus nasalis, Anoplocephala magna and Anoplocephala perfoliata. In the present study, if the species Probstmayria vivipara was not considered in the prevalence, the frequency of Cyathostominae was equivalent to 94.85%. The results obtained in this study allowed us to detect and identify different species of helminths in horses, and confirmed the high incidence of nematodes belonging to the subfamily Cyathostominae in the center-west region of Minas Gerais.
Serological detection of Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania infantum and Neospora caninum in cats from an area endemic for leishmaniasis in Brazil
Authors: Sousa Keyla Carstens Marques de , Herrera Heitor Miraglia , Domingos Iara Helena , Campos João Bosco Vilela , Santos Isabela Maria Campanelli dos , Neves Haroldo Henrique , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , André Marcos Rogério
Published: December 2014

An investigation was made into the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania infantum and Neospora caninum in 151 domestic cats, based on the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Serum samples were collected from 151 domestic cats (65 free-roaming and 86 domiciled cats; 55 males and 96 females) in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil between January and April 2013. IgG antibodies to T. gondii, L. infantum and N. caninum were found, respectively, in 49 (32.5%), 34 (22.5%) and 10 (6.6%) sampled cats. A positive correlation was found between T. gondii and N. caninum, T. gondii and L. infantum, and N. caninum and L. infantum (p <0.05) infections. Also, a significant interaction was identified between gender and area of activity on the probability of T. gondii (p = 0.0324) infection. However, no significant interaction was observed between gender and area of activity on infections by either N. caninum or L. infantum. This study showed that cats from an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil are exposed to three different protozoans, two of which are causal agents of important zoonosis.
Frequency of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora caninum in domestic cats in the state of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Meneses Iris Daniela Santos de , Andrade Müller Ribeiro , Uzêda Rosângela Soares , Bittencourt Marta Vasconcelos , Lindsay David Scott , Gondim Luís Fernando Pita
Published: December 2014

Sarcocystis neurona is the major agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. It infects several mammalian species in the Americas, where the definitive hosts, marsupials of the genus Didelphis (D. virginiana and D. albiventris) are found. Domestic cats are one of the confirmed intermediate hosts of the parasite; however, antibodies against S. neurona had never before been demonstrated in Brazilian cats. The aim of this study was to determine whether cats in Bahia, Brazil, are exposed to the parasite. A total of 272 feline serum samples (134 from feral and 138 from house cats) were subjected to an indirect fluorescent antibody test using cultured merozoites of S. neurona as antigen. Positivity was detected in 4.0% (11/272) of the tested samples, with titers ranging from 25 to 800. The feline sera were also tested for antibodies against the protozoan Neospora caninum, with an observed antibody frequency of 2.9%. To the author's knowledge, this is the first study to report antibodies against S. neurona in Brazilian cats. We conclude that cats are exposed to the parasite in the region of this study. Further investigations are needed to confirm the role of cats in the transmission cycle of S. neurona in Brazil.
Pathology of dogs in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis
Authors: Andrade Gisele Braziliano , Barreto Wanessa Teixeira Gomes , Santos Luciana Ladislau dos , Ribeiro Laura Raquel Rios , Macedo Gabriel Carvalho de , Sousa Keyla Carstens Marques de , André Marcos Rogério , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Herrera Heitor Miraglia
Published: December 2014

Different parasites that commonly occur concomitantly can influence one another, sometimes with unpredictable effects. We evaluated pathological aspects of dogs naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis. The health status of the dogs was investigated based on histopathological, hematological and biochemical analyses of 21 animals infected solely with L. infantum and 22 dogs co- infected with L. infantum and E. canis. The skin of both groups showed chronic, predominantly lymphohistioplasmacytic inflammatory reaction. The plasmacytosis in the lymphoid tissues was likely related with the hypergammaglobulinemia detected in all the dogs. The disorganization of extracellular matrix found in the reticular dermis of the inguinal region and ear, characterized by the substitution of thick collagen fibers for thin fibers, was attributed to the degree of inflammatory reaction, irrespective of the presence of parasites. In addition, the histopathological analysis revealed that twice as many dogs in the co-infected group presented Leishmania amastigotes in the ear skin than those infected solely with Leishmania, increasing the possibility of becoming infected through sand fly vectors. Our findings highlight the fact that the health of dogs infected concomitantly with L. infantum and E. canis is severely compromised due to their high levels of total plasma protein, globulins, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase, and severe anemia.
Differentiation of Haemonchus placei from Haemonchus contortus by PCR and by morphometrics of adult parasites and third stage larvae
Authors: Santos Michelle Cardoso dos , Amarante Mônica Regina Vendrame , Silva Maria Regina Lucas da , Amarante Alessandro Francisco Talamini do
Published: December 2014

Molecular and morphological methods were evaluated to distinguish between Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei species. A total of 141 H. contortus and 89 H. placei male adult specimens collected from artificially infected lambs were identified individually by PCR analysis, using a species-specific primer pair. These PCR results were used as gold standard for Haemonchus spp. identification. Haemonchus placei presented higher mean spicule and barb lengths than H. contortus (P<0.05). However, some measurements overlapped. For this reason, a discriminate function did not allow the correct identification of 13 H. contortus and one H. placei specimen. The sheath tail length of the third stage larvae (L3), which comprises the distance between the tip of the larval tail and the end of the sheath tail, were measured. Only three of the 485 H. placei larvae (0.619%) had a sheath tail shorter than 85 µm, while only four of the 500 H. contortus larvae (0.8%) presented a sheath tail longer than 85 µm. The results indicated that 6.09% of the male adult specimens would be misclassified based on the discriminate function, while only 0.71% of infective larvae would be misclassified. Therefore, identification of L3 can be used as the first method to indicate the presence of H. placei and/or H. contortus in a population of domestic ruminants.
Effects of root geometry and transpiration on pull-out resistance
Authors: Kamchoom V. , Leung A. K. , Ng C. W. W.
Published: December 2014

Pull-out resistance has been identified as one of the key reinforcement mechanisms for a plant root system to increase slope stability, but the effects of root geometry coupled with plant transpiration on pull-out behaviour are not well understood. This letter presents and interprets a set of centrifuge pull-out tests on some newly developed plant root models that are capable of simulating the effects of transpiration. Three idealised and simplified root geometries were considered, namely tap-, heart- and plate-shaped. All tests were carried out under identical rainfall conditions at high-g, where the stress state of the soil and root dimensions can be modelled more closely to field conditions. The test results revealed that, after a rainfall event, pore water pressure retained by the tap- and heart-shaped roots (which have longer root depths) was much lower than that retained by the plate-shaped root. The presence of soil suction enhanced the pull-out resistance significantly due to increased tendency of constraint dilatancy upon soil–root interface shearing. Among the three root geometries, the tap- and heart-shaped roots were identified to be more favourable in resisting pull-out because they consisted of a vertical taproot component that effectively mobilised soil–root interface friction against pull-out.
Effects of piggyback twin tunnelling on a pile group: 3D centrifuge tests and numerical modelling
Authors: NG C.W.W. , HONG Y. , SOOMRO M.A.
Published: December 2014

The effects of tunnel construction on existing single piles have been extensively investigated, but the influence of twin tunnel advancement on an existing pile group is seldom reported in the literature. In this study, a series of three-dimensional (3D) centrifuge model tests and numerical simulations using an advanced hypoplastic soil model were carried out to investigate the response of an existing 2 × 2 pile group to piggyback (i.e. vertically aligned) twin tunnelling at various depths. Soil parameters for 3D numerical back-analyses were obtained from stress-path triaxial tests. In each twin tunnelling simulation in a centrifuge, the first tunnel was advanced three-dimensionally by controlling volume loss in-flight near the mid-depth of the pile shaft, before the second tunnel was constructed either next to the toe of the pile group (test ST), below but to one side of the pile group (test SB) or directly beneath the pile toe (test SU). The piggyback twin tunnelling in test ST resulted in the largest transverse tilting (of 0·2%) but the smallest settlement of the pile group under a working load. This is because the second tunnelling caused significant non-uniform change in vertical effective stress underneath the four piles in the group. On the contrary, the tunnelling directly beneath the pile group (i.e. test SU) caused the smallest tilting but the largest settlement of the pile group (4·6% of pile diameter) and substantial mobilisation of shaft resistance. This is attributable to the most significant and uniform loss of toe resistance of each pile in the group resulting from stress relief from the second tunnelling. Two distinct load transfer mechanisms can be identified in the pile group, namely downward load transfer in test ST and upward load transfer in tests SB and SU.
Modeling distribution and abundance of multiple species: Different pooling strategies produce similar results
Authors: Barker Nicole K. S. , Slattery Stuart M. , Darveau Marcel , Cumming Steve G.
Published: December 2014

Quantifications of spatial distribution and abundance of animals are essential to identifying key landscape characteristics and targeting locations for conservation action. Since conservation decisions often focus on multiple species aggregated in groups, e.g., guild‐level, rather than individual species, predictions of species group abundance are of central importance. However, areas chosen for conservation action may differ if results from various modeling strategies also differ. Therefore, we compared three different strategies for modeling species group distribution and abundance:predict first, assemble later(PA);assemble first, predict later(AP); and the combinedassemble, predict, then assemble(APA). All strategies were performed using Boosted Regression Trees (BRTs), which were fit to individual species data and then grouped after modeling, or fit to datasets that were grouped before modeling. Modeling strategies produced very similar results in terms of statistical performance assessed through four evaluation metrics and in spatial patterns in predicted abundance. To further assess potential functional implications of any numeric differences to conservation planning, we examined the relative proportion of the predicted population within existing Canadian protected areas. This metric further confirmed similarity in predictions from the three modeling strategies. Our results suggest that locations targeted for conservation action would be highly consistent among modeling strategies. Slight differences we observed in spatial predictions may be due to data coverage across species ranges, data quality, and the flexibility of the BRTs.
Validation airborne visible-infrared imaging spectrometer data at Ray Mine, Arizona
Authors: Lang Harold R. , Baloga Steven M.
Published: December 2014

The fundamental promise of imaging spectroscopy is to provide surface mineralogy based on remotely-acquired, gridded reflectance spectra of comparable quality to those from high resolution laboratory and field spectrometers. For regulatory and environmental monitoring, validating imaging spectrometer data is a major issue with this emerging technology. In this paper we validate 1997 Airborne Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) reflectance spectra covering 0.4 mu m-2.4 mu m at a stable, flat, manmade target at Ray Mine, Arizona, for EPA/NASA assessment of the utility of remote sensing for monitoring acid drainage from an active open pit copper mine. For validation, we a) compare qualitatively, laboratory and field reflectance spectra with corresponding AVIRIS spectra; b) compare quantitatively, mineralogically diagnostic statistics from field spectra with the same statistics from field spectra with the same statistics from AVIRIS spectra; and c) demonstrate a methodology for validating imaging spectrometer data for environmental applications.
Transient electromagnetic survey of a landslide and fault, Santa Susanna Mountains, Southern California
Authors: Cummings David
Published: December 2014

An engineering geologic, geophysical, and geotechnical study was conducted for a proposed 3.8 sq km commercial center in the Santa Susanna Mountains, 50 km northwest of Los Angeles, California. Geologic hazards include an ancient landslide complex overlying the potentially active Santa Susanna (thrust) fault. The landslide covers about 70 percent of the site; the fault underlies about 60 percent of the site. The 1994 Northridge earthquake (Mw = 6.7) occurred about 20 km southeast of the site on the Oak Ridge-"Newhall" fault. No evidence was found that the ancient landslide was reactivated or that the Santa Susanna fault moved. The only earthquake-related geologic effects observed at the site consisted of isolated displaced blocks of bedrock. A transient electromagnetic survey was conducted to determine the thickness of the landslide and to locate the Santa Susanna fault under the landslide. Geologic interpretations of the geophysical data indicate the thickness of the landslide ranges from 0 to 40 m; the depth to the fault ranges from 40 to >75 m below ground surface. Subsequent drilling and geologic logging of four boreholes indicate that the thickness of the landslide and depth to the fault agree to within 5 percent of the geologic interpretations of the geophysical data. Engineering geologic and geotechnical analyses indicate the landslide to be marginally stable. The geologic hazards pose significant constraints on the suitability of the site.
Ground conditioning for earth pressure balance machine tunneling
Authors: Goss Christoph Michael
Published: December 2014

The objective of this paper is to provide insight to the application of state-of-the-art ground modification technology for Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) soft ground tunneling. The paper reflects data from a wide array of sources including conference proceedings, trade journal articles, manufacturer publications, books and personal experience. The paper first introduces the concept of soft ground tunneling and then discusses the Earth Pressure Balance Tunnel Boring Machine method. The bulk of the paper is spent discussing ground-conditioning agents, particularly foam. Use of, quantities, theory behind them, environmental impact, lab testing, and effects of foams are described. The paper concludes with a brief case study of the Sheppard Subway Twin Tunnels in Toronto, Canada. Attached to the paper is a comprehensive literature search on EPB tunneling, particularly with regards to foam use.
Indices for scaling and predicting weathering-induced changes in rock properties
Authors: Aydin Adnan , Duzgoren-Aydin Nurdan S.
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a critical review of microfabric, physical and chemical indices for scaling and predicting weathering-induced changes in rock properties. The common goal of these indices is mainly to condense complexities to numbers that can be plotted against each other and against engineering properties or weathering grades to determine if trends exist. However, a purely statistical evaluation to establish smooth trends in such highly variable properties is deceptive. No single index is valid or remains unaffected over the whole spectrum of weathered states. Combination of indices aimed at determining grade boundaries may also be misleading unless accompanied by detailed descriptions of microfabric and mineralogical observations. The presented index classifications highlight the nature and scope of indices and provide guidance for compatible and complementary combinations. The meaning and adequacy of criteria used in classifications of residual soils and weathered rocks are reexamined from the point of view of the fundamental differences inherent in their microfabric.
Etude geologique de la region d'Hermel (Liban septentrional)
Authors: Saint-Marc Pierre
Published: December 2014

Cenomanian-Turonian (upper Cretaceous) lithostratigraphic units, lithofacies, paleogeographic significance
Note sur quelques poissons actinopterygiens du Cretace superieur de Bolivie
Authors: Wenz Sylvie
Published: December 2014

Systematic descriptions, taxonomic revision
La serie des Agudes-Cap de Pales (zone primaire axiale des Pyrenees aux confins de la Haute-Garonne et des Hautes-Pyrenees)
Authors: Krylatov Serge , Stoppel Dieter
Published: December 2014

Devonian (Frasnian-Famennian) marine shales and sandstones, Carboniferous (Westphalian) age rejected, no unconformity found, conodonts, comparison with Spanish formations, France
Relations entre la Dorsale kabyle et les flyschs sur la transversale du Djebel Rhedir (nord du Constantinois, Algerie); phases tangentielles eocenes, paleogeographie
Authors: Raoult Jean Francois
Published: December 2014

Cretaceous-Tertiary (Eocene) lithostratigraphy, Guerrouch- and Penthievre-type flyschs, structural and paleogeographical analyses
Le facies des 'gres verts' (Albien); spheroides et figures sedimentaires dans la region d'Oppedette et Carniol (Haute-Provence)
Authors: Blanc Jean J. , Brochier J.
Published: December 2014

Cretaceous turbidite sequence, lamination, slump structures, turbid lobes, flute casts, paleogeographic significance, southeast France
Precisions sur l'Ordovicien moyen et superieur de la 'serie-type' du Centenillo (Sierra Morena orientale, Espagne)
Authors: Chauvel Jean , Drot Jeannine , Pillet Jean , Tamain Guy
Published: December 2014

Echinoderms, brachiopods (including Aegiromena mariana n. sp.), pelecypods, trilobites, lithostratigraphy
Donnees sur quelques dolerites du sud-est de la Cote d'Ivoire et leurs rapports avec un granite alcalin
Authors: Tempier Paul , Lemoine Serge
Published: December 2014

Metadolerite veins in granite, chemical and modal analyses, K/Ar dates, fracture orientation, Ayame quarry
Pierre Lamare, 1894-1967
Authors: Ciry Raymond
Published: December 2014

French geologist, biographic sketch, bibliography
Donnees nouvelles sur le Quaternaire de la basse vallee de l'Aude
Authors: Verdeil Pierre
Published: December 2014

Fossil thalweg, regressive and transgressive phases, terraces, paleogeography, France
Note preliminaire sur la geologie du Dahra (Algerie septentrionale)
Authors: Delteil Jean , Dupeuble Pierre-Alain , Moullade Michel
Published: December 2014

Miocene movements, neotectonics, older flysch deposits, structure
Jean Cuvillier (1899-1968)
Authors: Neumann Madeleine , Sacal Vinci
Published: December 2014

French micropaleontologist, bibliography and biography
Relations entre les intrusions de granitoides, l'anatexie et le metamorphisme regional considerees principalement du point de vue du role de l'eau; cas de la chaine hercynienne des Pyrenees orientales
Authors: Autran Albert , Fonteilles Michel , Guitard Gerard
Published: December 2014

Definition of terms, classifications, morphology, magmatic origin of granites, regional anatexis and water, intrusions of granitoids
Note sur le genre Hoplitoides dans l'Atlantique du Sud
Authors: Reyment Richard
Published: December 2014

Ammonite genus, lower Turonian to lower Coniacian, extended species variation, sexual dimorphism, West Africa, South America
Durandella, un nouveau genre de Tintinnide du Jurassique superieur de Roumanie
Authors: Dragastan Ovidiu
Published: December 2014

D. helentappani n. g., n. sp., association with Dasycladaceae and Calpionella, comparisons with Pseudarcella and Tytthocorys, systematics
La transversale de Zrmanja (Yougoslavie)
Authors: Chorowicz Jean
Published: December 2014

Dinaric structures disturbed by fault (?) structure, superposition of tangential and vertical tectonics, hypotheses
Esquisse geologique des confins italo-yougoslaves; leur place dans les Dinarides et les Alpes meridionales
Authors: Cousin Michel
Published: December 2014

Paleogeographic zones for Mesozoic and Eocene, prolongations of southern Alps, analogies with external Dinaric Alps
Paul Fourmarier
Authors: Calembert Leon
Published: December 2014

Biography and extensive bibliography of Belgian geologist
Sur la presence de formations a lignites, sous-jacentes a la moraine wurmienne, dans la vallee du Rhone, au Nord de Seyssel (Ain)
Authors: Donze Pierre , Evin Jacques , Meon-Vilain Henriette , Samuel Elisabeth
Published: December 2014

Riss-Wurm probably, evolution of vegetation, from Herbaceae to forest (mostly conifers), then degradation with glaciation, pollen and spores, C-14 dates
Geologie de la region du Djebel Thaalba, monts de la Mina (Tell oranais, Algerie)
Authors: Addadi Colette , Boulanger Dominique , Delteil Jean
Published: December 2014

Complex structures, nappes, Priabonian, Oligocene, Aquitanian, sandstone, autochthonous Miocene, foraminifera
Evolution de l'Aquitaine au cours du Tertiaire
Authors: Kieken M.
Published: December 2014

Sedimentary processes, platforms, oceanic deeps, paleogeography, subsidence
La dynamique des fosses a "turbidites" et de leur contenu sedimentaire dans le systeme pyreneen
Authors: Feuillee P. , Villanova M. , Winnock E.
Published: December 2014

Channels, sedimentation, Mesozoic, Tertiary, reinterpretation according to recent data
Resultats scientifiques du programme JOIDES
Authors: Pautot Guy , Le Pichon Xavier
Published: December 2014

General discussion, history, results
Le Neogene "post-nappes" de la region de Dellys-Tizi Ouzou (Algerie); un enregistreur de l'evolution dynamique du NW de la Grande Kabylie apres le Burdigalien
Authors: Magne Jean , Raymond Daniel
Published: December 2014

Foraminifera, Tertiary