bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sejarah Perpajakan
Authors: Fikriyyah Tsamarah
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas tentang Sejarah Perbankan.
wahyu almahdi_sejarah ekonomi islam di masa pemerintahan umar bin khattab
Authors: almahdi Wahyu
Published: May 2022

artikel ini membahas tentang sejarah ekonomi islam di masa pemerintahan umar bin khattab
EKSISTENSI DAN PERKEMBANGAN BAITUL MAAL PADA MASA PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM KHULAFAUR RASYIDIN
Authors: Hilman Jajang , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Baitul maal sebagai pelopor lembaga keuangan yang dimulai sejak kepemimpinan nabi Muhammad SAW dalam Lembaga ini menjalankan system dan peneggakan serta pengendalian keuangan negara dari penerimaan hingga pengeluaran sampai dapat dirasakan oleh umat islam. Dalam Baitul maal terjadi penerimaan negara yang bersumber dari harta ghanimah, zakat, infak dan shadaqah dan pengeluaran yang di distribusikan untuk kebutuhan negara baik dalam bidang ekonomi, social, politik dan budaya. Eksistensi Lembaga tersebut sangat penting pada masa nabi Muhammad saw sampai pada masa pemerintahan islam dan seterusnya karena ini menjadi sebuah factor pendukung keberlangsungan lahirnya islam dan penyebarannya. Regulasi dan system Baitul maal dilaksanakan seadilan-adilnya dan system yang dilaksanakan setiap pemimpinnya berbeda sebagaimana pada masa khulafaur rasyidin dalam penerimaan dan distribusi harta Baitul maal ini. Maka disini penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan memaparkan eksistensi dan perkembangan Baitul maal pada masa pemerintahan islam khulafaur rasyidin dengan metode penelitian tinjaun literatur dan mengulas kembali peneliti terdahulu.
Electronic Money Sebagai Alat Transaksi Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Mufidah Zahra Aulia , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Revolusi dalam teknologi informasi dan komunikasi memfasilitasi perluasan dalam sistem pembayaran elektronik dan bentuk baru dalam instrumen pembayaran dengan munculnya instrumen pembayaran yang dikenal sebagai electronik money (e-money). Penggunaan e-money sebagai alternatif alat pembayaran non-tunai di beberapa negara menunjukkan adanya potensi yang cukup besar untuk mengurangi tingkat pertumbuhan penggunaan uang tunai, khususnya untuk pembayaran-pembayaran yang bersifat mikro sampai dengan ritel. Perkembangan ekonomi digital sangat penting, hampir perekonomian menggunakan teknologi informasi, komunikasi dan digital. Baik dalam pengemasan produk ataupun pemasaran produk. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengkaji e-money apabila dilihat dari syariat Islam serta mengkaji akad apa yang ada pada transaksi menggunakan e-money. E-Money yang saat ini sudah menjadi bagian dari kemajuan teknologi di kalangan masyarakat halal dan sudah memenuhi kaidah-kaidah syariat sebagai alat transaksi dan muamalah.
Linking silicon isotopic signatures with diatom communities
Authors: Conley Daniel
Published: May 2022

The use of silicon isotope ratios (expressed as d30Si) as a paleolimnological proxy in lacustrine systems requires a better understanding of the role of lake processes in setting the d30Si values of dissolved Si (dSi) in water and in diatom biogenic silica (bSi). We determined the d30Si of modern dSi (d30SidSi) and bSi (d30SibSi) in three lakes in Lassen Volcanic National Park (LAVO), California (USA), and produced diatom assemblage compositional data from the modern system and from sediment core samples. In the modern systems, we observe the largest magnitude diatom Si isotope fractionations yet reported, at -3.4 and -3.9 ‰ for Fragilaria dominated samples. Using statistical approaches designed to condense multivariate ecological data, we can deconvolve assemblage-specific Si isotope fractionations from the combined diatom assemblage-d30Si data. For example, samples dominated by generally deeper water euplanktic species have low d30SibSi values (< -1.10 ‰ ). Conversely, samples dominated by shallow water planktic or benthic periphyton have higher d30SibSi values (>-0.14‰). These data suggest that d30Si records from LAVO lakes reflect species specific Si isotope fractionations and thus act as paleolimnological proxy for the aquatic-habitat of bSi production. Silicon isotope analysis should be coupled with diatom community composition data and other geochemical proxies for the most robust paleolimnological interpretations. We also construct a Si mass-balance for Manzanita Lake based on elemental fluxes. Despite a short residence time of ~4 months, it is an efficient Si sink: about of inflowing Si is retained in the lake sediments. An entirely independent Si isotope-based estimate agrees remarkably well. Burial fluxes of bSi derived from radiometrically dated sediment cores yield retention rates of about a factor of three higher, which might suggest groundwater is an important term in the lake Si budget.
The Security Mindset: Characteristics, Development, and Consequences
Authors: Schoenmakers Koen , Greene Daniel , Stutterheim Sarah E. , Lin Herbert , Palmer Megan
Published: May 2022

The globe is facing a cybersecurity skills gap as cybercrime and cyberwarfare grow in importance. One often-discussed quality that is potentially relevant to cybersecurity recruitment and education is the so-called “security mindset”: a way of thinking characteristic to the culture of some security professionals that they believe to be especially advantageous in their work. Although some employers express a desire to hire people with a security mindset, and initiatives to cultivate the security mindset are being implemented, little is known about its characteristics, its development, and its consequences. We interviewed 21 cybersecurity professionals who strongly identified as having a security mindset. Thematic analysis of the interview data suggests that the security mindset can be conceptualized as consisting of three interconnected aspects - “monitoring” for potential security anomalies, “investigating” anomalies more deeply to identify security flaws, and “evaluating” the relevance of those flaws in a larger context. These three aspects develop in different ways and have different personal and professional consequences. Participants mostly spoke positively of the security mindset, but they also mentioned several disadvantages neglected by existing security-mindset literature, such as mental health pressures, workplace tensions, and negative effects on personal relationships. We discuss the implications of these findings for future study of the security mindset and suggest practical implications for cybersecurity management, education, and recruitment.
Dehumanization as Consequence, Not Cause, of Violence:  Evidence from Rwanda
Authors: Luft Aliza
Published: May 2022

What is the relationship between dehumanization and violence? Scholars have long argued that dehumanization causes neighbors to kill neighbors, yet in recent years, others have argued there is little evidence dehumanization causes violence and instead, those who harm do so for different reasons: because they perceive violence as morally righteous or because they feel pressured to kill. This article argues that opposing theories of dehumanization can be linked through the careful consideration of timing. I apply the comparative case method to interviews, ethnography, oral testimonies, and secondary reports, and I examine how ordinary Hutu Rwandans perceived their neighbors before, at the start of, and as their participation in genocide became routinized. Results reveal that while perpetrators did not dehumanize victims early on, victims became meaningless to them over time and through experience with violence. Dehumanization was a consequence of violence, not a cause.
Strategi Belajar dan Mengajar Guru Serta Tantangannya Pada Abad 21
Authors: .S Ega Nasywa Salsabila
Published: May 2022

Pada abad 21 ditandai dengan terjadinya transformasi besar-besaran pada aspek sosial, ekonomi, politik, dan budaya yang didorong oleh empat kekuatan besar yang saling berkaitan, yakni kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Dengan terjadinya perubahan besar-besaran ini, profesi guru semakin memiliki tantangan terhadap pembelajaran abad 21. Guru harus mempunyai keterampilan pada pembelajaran di kelas dan mampu membangun hubungan terhadap siswa dan lingkungan sekolahnya. Hal ini berkaitan agar siswa tersebut dapat memiliki minat dalam pembelajaran. Perkembangan pembelajaran di Indonesia banyak mengalami kendala, maka dari itu pemerintah berupaya keras untuk bisa terus meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Pemerintah berkomitmen untuk meningkatkan sistem pendidikan agar kualitas pendidikan Indonesia bisa berdaya saing internasional. Strategi belajar mengajar ini pun menjadi salah satu unsur dari proses pembelajaran. Strategi ini digunakan oleh guru dan siswa untuk mengkreasikan proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan di dalam kelas.
How Can We Make TVET Institute Center of Excellence?
Authors: Lamichhane Ramhari
Published: May 2022

A country needs to ensure proper human resource management for its socio-economic development, where the role of TVET is significant. Enhancing quality of TVET should therefore be one of the priorities. In line with other education programs, TVET programs need a paradigm shift to make our youth fit for global market with adequate competencies for global competitiveness. The institute with quality managed center of excellence only can offer competencies for the global competitiveness. Center of excellence (CoE) institute is known as having quality management system (QMS) in place, accredited by national and international body, high ratings perception of stakeholders and reputed image in the society. There are ample of practices by many countries on CoE. The criteria varies from one another; however, the major thrust areas are the same or similar. Institute, industries, students, parents and country can get direct benefits from the establishment of CoEs in the TVET system. There should be policy intervention, implementation system and commitment from leadership to establish a well functioned CoE.
News from the light and strange meson sector
Authors: Wallner Stefan
Published: May 2022

Recent high-quality data sets from various experiments grant new insights into the excitation spectrum of light mesons, which are composed of up, down, and strange quarks. In the non-strange light-meson sector, many recent experimental and theory efforts are focused on the search for so-called exotic states, which are states beyond the na¨ıve constituent quark-model. To this end, various potential decay modes of exotic states are studied at experiments such as GlueX or COMPASS. In addition, there is recent progress in the understanding of so-called non-resonant processes, which act as background in searches for light mesons, as well as in the prediction of light mesons from lattice QCD. While the non-strange light-meson spectrum is already mapped out rather well, many predicted strange mesons have not yet been observed experimentally or need further confirmation. Recent high-precision data from experiments such as LHCb and BESIII allow us to study strange mesons in heavy-meson decays. Alternatively, strange mesons are studied in diffractive scattering of high-energy kaon beams. The so far world’s largest data set on the diffractively produced K−π −π + final state was measured by the COMPASS experiment. A recent analysis of this data covers a large variety of strange mesons over a wide mass range in a single, self-consistent analysis
Unveiling the pole structure of S-matrix using deep learning
Authors: Sombillo Denny Lane , Ikeda Y. , Sato T. , Hosaka A.
Published: May 2022

Particle scattering is a powerful tool to unveil the nature of various subatomic phenomena. The key quantity is the scattering amplitude whose analytic structure carries the information of the quantum states. In this work, we demonstrate our first step attempt to extract the pole configuration of inelastic scatterings using the deep learning method. Among various problems, motivated by the recent new hadron phenomena, we develop a curriculum learning method of deep neural network to analyze coupled channel scattering problems. We show how effectively the method works to extract the pole configuration associated with resonances in the πN scattering.
Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Hepatic Fibrogenesis in Iron Overload
Authors:   South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Garbuzenko D.V. ,   Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Review: To describe the mechanisms and clinical significance of hepatic fibrogenesis in iron overload in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis and chronic hepatic conditions. Key Points. Iron overload is toxic and can facilitate hepatic fibrogenesis. Hepatic fibrogenesis is an unfavourable natural event both of hereditary hemochromatosis and chronic hepatic conditions, since it can cause hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion. Patients with iron overload should be stratified into at-risk groups for early diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis and optimal management. Keywords: iron overload, hepatic fibrogenesis, hereditary hemochromatosis, chronic hepatic conditions, diagnosis, management.
Modern Idea of the Mechanisms of Development and Predictors of Ulcerative Colitis Severity
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Bolotova E.V. ,   Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Yumukyan K.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Krasnodar, Russian Federation,   Scientific and Research Institute — Regional Clinical Hospital No.1 named after Professor S.V. Ochapovsky of Krasnodar Territorial Ministry of Health; Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Dudnikova A.V. Dudnikova ,   Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Review: To analyse available contemporary references about possible pathological mechanisms of ulcerative colitis (UC). Key Points. There are data on high prognostic significance of genetic and demographic factors, characteristics of intestinal microbiota in UC development; and the absence of genetic differences in UC morbidity. Results of a number of studies demonstrate favourable impact for UC from some environmental factors, such as smoking, appendectomy and obesity. A significant component of UC and, thus, a useful marker of the disease activity/severity and a potentially attractive pharmacological target for UC management is neutrophils. Conclusion. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and assessment of risk factors allow expanding the comprehensive aid to patients with UC. Keywords: ulcerative colitis, inflamed intestine, microbiota, risk factors, neutrophils.
Clinical Aspects of a New Coronavirus Infection
Authors:   Privolzhsky State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Eliseeva L.Yu. ,   Nizgny Novgorod, Russian Federation,   City Hospital No. 33; Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Borovkova N.Yu. ,   Privolzhsky State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Nizgny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Zubeev P.S. ,   Privolzhsky State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Nizgny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Zubeeva G.N. ,   Privolzhsky State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Nizgny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Review: to analyze the available data on the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of a new coronavirus infection. Key points. In 2020, the whole world was engulfed by a pandemic of a new viral disease, which was called the coronavirus disease СOVID-19. We have considered aspects of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this infection. One of the most difficult issues is the therapy of COVID-19, since the course of the disease exacerbates the development of a cytokine storm. Conclusion. When choosing a patient's treatment tactics, it is necessary to comprehensively assess possible adverse events, strive to minimize their occurrence. Keywords: new coronavirus infection, COVID-19, angiotensin i converting enzyme 2, cytokine storm.
A review of fossil vertebrate remains from Pleistocene layers of Akhstyrskaya Cave (North-West Caucasus)
Authors: Baryshnikov G.F.
Published: May 2022

The Pleistocene fauna of vertebrates from the Akhshtyrskaya Paleolithic cave site comprises nine species of birds and 34 species of mammals, including 5 extinct taxa (Arvicola cf. chosaricus, A. cf. kalmalkensis, Ursus kudarensis, Panthera spelaea, Megaloceros giganteus). Most of fossil bone-fragments of large mammals (over 95%) belong to the Kudaro cave bear (Ursus kudarensis). Cave-bear remains predominantly represent males. The set of skeletal elements suggests the death of bears by natural causes, inside the cave. Traces of damage on bear bones produced by predators are scarce; no unambiguous cut marks from stone tools were revealed. The Akhshtyrskaya Cave presumably was used by cave bears for overwintering, serving from time to time as a shelter for ancient hominins.
Systematics of the American katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Communication 2
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: May 2022

Gnathoclita (Tettohenicus) anostostoma subgen. et sp. nov. [Pleminiinae], Arachnoscelis tanasijtshuki sp. nov., Phlugis ecuador sp. nov., Ph. morona sp. nov., Odontophlugis ucayali sp. nov., Phlugiola amazonia sp. nov., Neophlugis calabaza gen. et sp. nov., Cephalophlugis? setosa sp. nov. [Meconematinae], Dysonia (Dysonia) mariposa sp. nov., D. (Dissonulichen) satipo sp. nov. and D. (Dissonulichen) simplicipes meridionalis subsp. nov. [Phaneropterinae] are described from Ecuador and Peru. The generic name Valna Walker, 1869 is considered a synonym of the subgenus Dysonia Dysonia White, 1862; the subgenus Dissonulichen Cadena-Castaneda, 2011 is transferred to the genus Dysonia.
Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and chronic pain in the era of deep brain stimulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Flouty Oliver , Yamamoto Kazuaki , Germann Jurgen , Harmsen Irene E. , Jung Hyun Ho , Cheyuo Cletus , Zemmar Ajmal , Milano Vanessa , Sarica Can , Lozano Andres M.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

Pain is the most common nonmotor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is often undertreated. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) effectively mitigates the motor symptoms of this multisystem neurodegenerative disease; however, its therapeutic effect on nonmotor symptoms, especially pain, remains inconclusive. While there is a critical need to help this large PD patient population, guidelines for managing this significant disease burden are absent. Herein, the authors systematically reviewed the literature and conducted a meta-analysis to study the influence of traditional (subthalamic nucleus [STN] and globus pallidus internus [GPi]) DBS on chronic pain in patients with PD.

METHODS

The authors performed a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the levels of evidence established by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Inclusion criteria were articles written in English, published in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal, and about studies conducting an intervention for PD-related pain in no fewer than 5 subjects.

RESULTS

Twenty-six studies were identified and included in this meta-analysis. Significant interstudy heterogeneity was detected (Cochran’s Q test p < 0.05), supporting the use of the random-effects model. The random-effects model estimated the effect size of DBS for the treatment of idiopathic pain as 1.31 (95% CI 0.84–1.79). The DBS-on intervention improved pain scores by 40% as compared to the control state (preoperative baseline or DBS off).

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicated that traditional STN and GPi DBS can have a favorable impact on pain control and improve pain scores by 40% from baseline in PD patients experiencing chronic pain. Further trials are needed to identify the subtype of PD patients whose pain benefits from DBS and to identify the mechanisms by which DBS improves pain in PD patients.
Use of Augmented Reality in Chemistry Education
Authors: Нечипуренко Павло Павлович , Старова Тетяна Валеріївна , Селіванова Тетяна Валеріївна , Томіліна Анна Олександрівна , Учитель Олександр Давидович
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the current trends in the use of the augmented reality in the chemistry education and to identify the promising areas for the introduction of AR-technologies to support the chemistry education in Ukrainian educational institutions. The article is aimed at solving such problems as: the generalization and analysis of the scientific researches results on the use of the augmented reality in the chemistry education, the characteristics of the modern AR-tools in the chemistry education and the forecasting of some possible areas of the development and improvement of the Ukrainian tools of the augmented reality in the chemistry education. The object of research is the augmented reality, and the subject is the use of the augmented reality in the chemistry learning. As a result of the study, it has been found that AR-technologies are actively used in the chemistry education and their effectiveness has been proven, but there are still no Ukrainian software products in this field. Frequently AR-technologies of the chemistry education are used for 3D visualization of the structure of atoms, molecules, crystalline lattices. The study has made it possible to conclude that there is a significant demand for the chemistry education with the augmented reality that is available via the mobile devices, and accordingly the need to develop the appropriate tools to support the chemistry education at schools and universities. The most promising thing is the development of methodological recommendations for the implementation of laboratory works, textbooks, popular scientific literature on chemistry with the use of the augmented reality technologies and the creation of the simulators for working with the chemical equipment and utensils using the augmented reality.
Adiciones y comentarios a la flora vascular de Canarias
Authors: Padrón Mederos Miguel Antonio , Reyes Betancort Jorge Alfredo , González González Ricardo , León Arencibia María Catalina , Pérez de Paz Pedro Luis
Published: May 2022

Amaranthus retroflexus L., Calendula officinalis L. e Hippocrepis
constricta Kunze son nuevas adiciones para la flora vascular de El Hierro.
Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small., Convolvulus siculus L. subsp. agrestis
(Hochst. ex Schweinf.) Verdc. y Heliotropium curassavicum L. son nuevas
adiciones para la flora vascular de Tenerife. Verbascum virgatum Stokes in
With. es nueva adición para la flora vascular de Gran Canaria. Linaria micrantha
(Cav.) Hoffmanns & Link es citada por primera vez para Tenerife y La Gomera.
Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Mill., Gamochaeta subfalcata (Cabrera) Cabrera
y Poa flaccidula Boiss. & Reuter son nuevas adiciones para la flora vascular
de las islas Canarias. Observaciones en cuanto a su hábitat, distribución y
fitosociología siguen a cada taxón así como algunos problemas taxonómicos
o nomenclaturales que, en su caso, son recogidos en el apartado de comentario.
Biodiversidad pelágica atlántica: Canarias, Salvajes y
Cabo Verde (campañas 1990 – 2005, Museo de Ciencias
Naturales de Tenerife)
Authors: Hernández Fátima , de Vera Alejandro , León María Eugenia
Published: May 2022

Se presentan los resultados del estudio sobre biodiversidad
pelágica atlántica (en especial plancton de profundidad), obtenidos a partir de
campañas realizadas en Canarias, Cabo Verde y Salvajes durante el periodo
1990-2005. Se mencionan para los distintos archipiélagos y en relación a
diferentes grupos del zooplancton un total de 278 especies (2.811 ejemplares).
De ellas, el 37% de los taxones (103) se citan por primera vez para alguno de ellos,
siendo Cabo Verde el que ha presentado mayor porcentaje de nuevos registros (59,2%), tanto por mayor número de grupos estudiados (6), como por la escasez
de trabajos específicos que había para dicho Archipiélago sobre el tema. El
heterópodo Atlanta meteori se menciona, por primera vez, para todo el
Atlántico, así como un misidáceo para el este del Atlántico (Longithorax
alicei). También para la zona norte de dicho océano dos anfípodos (Amphithyrus
muratus y Parapronoe campdelli), dos misidáceos (Boreomysis bispinosa (fig.
1B) y Katerythrops resimora), dos medusas (Clytia malayense y Halocoryne
orientalis) y un poliqueto (Yndolacia lopadorrhynchoides). Se describió el
molusco Atlanta selvagensis de Vera & Seapy, 2006 (de Vera & Seapy, 2006,
fig. 1F). Asimismo, un poliqueto (fig. 1C) y un nudibranquio de complejidad
taxonómica aún siguen sometidos a estudio, a fin de establecer el status de estas
novedades científicas.
Sistematización de experiencia. Problemas de adaptación escolar
Authors: Trejo López Geraldine Stephania
Published: May 2022

La presente sistematización describe el abordaje desde la perspectiva de la especialidad de familia y trabajo social, desarrollada con un niño de diez años, estudiante de primaria en la ciudad de Pasto, con el objetivo de apoyar en la mejora del comportamiento a nivel educativo y familiar.A medida que se avanzaba en la sistematización, se evidenció el fortalecimiento de las relaciones intrafamiliares; con el uso de herramientas acordes para abordar las necesidades del niño y la familia se logró cambios favorables que aportaron en la mejora de la confianza y, por ende, la conducta, dando respuesta al objetivo de comprender los resultados logrados a partir de la intervención desarrollada desde Trabajo Social, en el caso de adaptación escolar del niño, para lo cual se implementó una metodología que permitió la comprensión de la sistematización realizada con el sistema familiar con problemas de adaptación escolar. Mediante un paradigma cualitativo se logró brindar las herramientas necesarias y pertinentes para la intervención; se utilizó un enfoque hermenéutico acompañado de unas técnicas de recolección de información como la autobiografía y las encuestas semiestructuradas que apoyaron la investigación e intervención, posibilitando la interpretación, análisis y reflexión frente al proceso de intervención realizado desde el área de Trabajo Social a este sistema familiar.
PSEPHELLUS ERZİNCANİ WAGENİTZ & KANDEMİR VE ONOSMA BEYAZOGLUİ KANDEMİR & TÜRKMEN TÜRLERİNİN KORUNMASI, İZLENMESİ VE EKOLOJİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÇAKIR-DİNDAR Ece Gökçe , ÇAKMAK Muhammed Hakan
Published: May 2022

Türkiye için endemik ve dar yayılışlı türler olan Onosma beyazoglui Kandemir & Türkmen ve Psephellus erzincani Wagenitz & Kandemir, Erzincan ili İliç ve Kemah ilçelerindeki jipsli alanlarda yetişmektedir. Bu araştırmada, bu iki türe ait IUCN tehlike kategorilerinin güncellenmesi ve türlerin korunması için izleme planlarının oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, 2020-2021 yılları arasında vejetasyon dönemlerinde yapılan arazi çalışmalarında, türlerin birey sayımları yapılmış, koordinatları alınmış, türlere yönelik tehditler belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, coğrafi bilgi sistemleri uygulamaları yardımıyla türlerin çevresel değişkenlerle olan ilişkilerinin analizi yapılmış, GeoCAT uygulaması aracılığıyla da türlerin yaşam ve yayılış alanlarının büyüklükleri hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, IUCN tehlike kategorisi O. beyazoglui için “CR (kritik)”, P. erzincani için “EN (tehlikede)” önerilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma kapsamında, (1) O. beyazoglui’nin 1100-1300 m yükselti aralığı ile pozitif bir ilişki içinde olduğu, P. erzincani’nin ise 950-1000 m arasında ağırlıklı olarak yayılış gösterdiği, (2) O. beyazoglui ve P. erzincani türlerinin sırasıyla 0-30° ve 10-40° eğim aralıklarında yayılış gösterdiği, (3) her iki türün özellikle güneydoğu bakıyı ağırlıklı olarak tercih ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında, her iki tür için ayrı ayrı 5’er yıllık detaylı izleme planı hazırlanmıştır. Bu araştırma, hem bu iki türün korunması için altlık veriler sağlamakta, hem de tehlike altındaki diğer türler özelinde yapılacak çalışmalar için önemli bir model niteliğindedir.
Large times existence for thin vibrating rods
Authors: Abels Helmut , Ameismeier Tobias
Published: May 2022

We consider the dynamical evolution of a thin rod described by an appropriately scaled wave equation of nonlinear elasticity. Under the assumption of well-prepared initial data and external forces, we prove that a solution exists for arbitrarily large times, if the diameter of the cross section is chosen sufficiently small. The scaling regime is such that the limiting equations are linear.
Accelerated radiotherapy in patients over sixty years old after mastectomy: Acute and one-year physician-assessed toxicity and health-related quality of life
Authors: Vakaet Vincent , Van Hulle Hans , Quataert Viktor , Deseyne Pieter , Schoepen Max , Paelinck Leen , Post Giselle , Van Greveling Annick , Speleers Bruno , Mareel Marc , De Neve Wilfried , Monten Chris , Veldeman Liv
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION: Postmastectomy radiotherapy reduces the risk of locoregional recurrence in breast cancer patients. The first results on accelerated radiotherapy in five fractions after breast conserving surgery are promising. The data on postmastectomy radiotherapy in five or six fractions is limited. We now present the data on acute and one-year toxicity and health related quality of life (HRQoL) after postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients of sixty years or older. METHODOLOGY: 119 patients received five fractions of 5.7 Gy to the chest wall and five fractions of 5.4 Gy to the lymph nodes over ten to twelve days. Physician-assessed toxicity were scored using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 toxicity scoring system and the LENT-SOMA scale. Fatigue was measured by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-206). HRQoL was assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire the breast cancer specific module and the BREAST-Q questionnaire. RESULTS: Fatigue and edema were the most frequently observed physician-assessed toxicities. One year after radiotherapy only 12.9% experienced a clinically important deterioration in chest wall symptoms and in 22.9% of the patients were improved. Future perspective at one year after radiotherapy was improved in 40.0% of the patients. Patient-reported fatigue showed the greatest improvement. CONCLUSION: Accelerated radiotherapy should be considered to minimize the burden of breast cancer treatment, especially in older patients.
The value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of BI-RADS-US 4a lesions less than 2 cm in diameter
Authors: Yu Mei-qin , Zhang Li-li , Jiang Li-ping , Zhou Ai-yun
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Early diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors is of great significance.

OBJECTIVE:

To retrospectively analyze the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 4a breast lesions less than 2 cm in diameter.

METHODS:

CEUS was performed for 143 breast masses less than 2 cm in diameter that were diagnosed as BI-RADS 4a by ultrasound and reclassified. Considering pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of reclassified lesions after CEUS for the diagnosis of benign and malignant masses were analyzed.

RESULTS:

BI-RADS 4a breast masses with a diameter less than 2 cm ( n = 143) were confirmed by pathology; 103 and 40 were classified as benign and malignant, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of CEUS for the diagnosis were 90%, 86%, 72%, and 95%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of CEUS for the diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors after CEUS was 0.904.

CONCLUSION:

CEUS can help to improve the diagnostic accuracy of BI-RADS 4a masses with a diameter less than 2 cm.
Development and Validation of the Parent-Rated Sensory Reactivity Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Eyuboglu Murat , Eyuboglu Damla , Karzan Nazlı Ece , Yaylaci Ferhat , Karadag Engin , Arslantas Didem
Published: May 2022

This study examined the new parent-report assessment’s reliability and validity, the Eyuboglu Sensory Reactivity Scale (ESRS), in children with ASD. The ESRS was designed to assess the frequency of sensory behaviors in children with ASD. A total of 167 (age 2–18, M = 6.4±4.1 years, 79.6 % male) children and their families were included. Parents were asked to fill in the ESRS and the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). In addition, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was administered by the clinician. The psychometric properties were examined through reliability and validity analyses. According to explorative factor analysis, the ESRS consists of a 15 five-point Likert-type that has acceptable internal consistency and good validity for children aged 2 through 18. Cronbach’s alpha of the scale was 0.85. The scale also showed good concurrent and convergent validity. The ESRS has the potential to measure unusual sensory reactions and can be used to follow up sensory interventions in children with ASD.
The Eurostat business cycle clock and the pandemic: Some considerations
Authors: Ruggeri Cannata Rosa , Ronkowski Piotr
Published: May 2022

To face the increasing information need for measuring and monitoring economic and social phenomena, such as the impact of the pandemic, a number of dashboards have been published by national and international organisation. However, it can be hard to extract key signals from numerous indicators, and users could prefer concise messages. This was the aim for the development of the business cycle clock (BCC). This paper presents the BCC, the Eurostat online tool showing the recent cyclical situation of the economy, and how the BCC cyclical indicators have performed during the pandemic. We introduce some considerations about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic first on the input variables and then on the BCC cyclical indicators, focusing on different challenges, such as values several standard deviations away from usual ones. Finally, we focus on the recent output of the BCC cyclical indicators during the pandemic. According to the indications of the BCC for the fourth quarter of 2021, the euro area economy remained in a ‘stable expansionary’ phase, although with decelerating growth. The euro area exited a recessionary phase in August 2020. The clock indicates that the risk of another slowdown or recession is very low at this stage in 2022.
Challenges and trends in the use of technology by hearing impaired students in higher education
Authors: Fernández Batanero José María , Rueda Montenegro Marta , Cerero Fernández José , García Alonso Santiago
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

The presence of students with hearing impairment in the university context has increased in recent years.

OBJETIVE:

The aim of this study is to provide the academic community with an overview of research on ICT as a support for students with hearing impairment in higher education settings.

METHOD:

The data were obtained through a systematic literature review, covering the period from 2010 to 2020, in three leading scientific databases in the world of education (Web of Science, Scopus and ERIC). The sample consisted of 17 studies out of an initial 190. Through a descriptive and quantitative methodology, the most significant bibliometric data are presented, and by means of bibliometric maps, a methodology based on co-word analysis, clustering techniques and visualisation techniques is applied in order to determine the fields of study and research.

RESULTS:

The findings show a lack of research that addresses the use of ICT for students with hearing impairment, as well as the effectiveness of these tools.

CONCLUSIONS:

It is necessary to approach research from a systemic and holistic perspective in order to improve the education of these students.
Therapeutic effects and the influence on serum inflammatory factors of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in senior patients with lower respiratory tract infections
Authors: Wang Guoyu , Wang Haoyu , Wang Yiwei , Ba Chunhe
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a clinical multi-infectious disease caused by viral, bacterial, and other microbial infections. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy and its influence on the serum levels of inflammatory factors in senior patients with LRTI. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 84 senior patients with LRTI were enrolled between March 2017 and December 2019 and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method, with 42 cases in each group. Conventional nasal cannula (CNC) oxygen therapy was conducted in the control group and HFNC was conducted in the observation group. After 3 days of treatment, sputum properties, sputum volume, sputum viscosity, and sputum crust formation were recorded to determine the clinical efficacy. ELISA was performed to detect the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interlukein (IL)-8 before and after treatment. RESULTS: The total efficacy in the observation group was 92.86%, which was higher than in the control group (73.81%) (P< 0.05). Three days after treatment, the percentage of grade I sputum in the observation group (73.81%) was higher than in the control group (40.48%). Moreover, the percentage of grade II sputum (23.81%), the percentage of grade III sputum (2.38%), together with the sputum crust formation rate in the observation group (4.76%) were all lower than in the control group (45.24, 14.28, and 26.19%, respectively) (P< 0.05). Three days after treatment, the levels of IL-8 (0.21 ± 0.03 pg/L) and TNF-α (1.27 ± 0.14 ng/L) in the observation group were lower than in the control group (0.30 ± 0.04 pg/L, and 1.49 ± 0.18 ng/L) (t= 6.525, 11.665, 6.252, respectively; P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The application of HFNC in senior patients with LRTI could improve respiratory humidification, reduce the number of sputum aspirations, and improve anti-inflammatory effects. It is worthy of application in elderly patients with LRTI.
A CNN-LASSO ensemble classification model for incomplete antibody reactants screening in coombs test
Authors: Wu Keqing , Wang Hongmei , Wang Yujue , Duan Shengbao , Gao Xin
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Precise classification of incomplete antibody reactants (IAR) in the Coombs test is the primary means to prevent incompatible blood transfusions. Currently, an automatic and contactless method is required for accurate IAR classification to avoid human error. OBJECTIVE: We present an ensemble learning algorithm that integrates five convolutional neural networks and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm into an IAR intensity classification model. METHODS: A dataset including 1628 IAR and corresponding labels of IAR intensity categories ((-), (1+), (2+), (3+), and (4+)) was used. We trained the ensemble model using 1302 IAR and validated its performance using 326 IAR. The optimal ensemble model was used to assist immunologists in classifying IAR. The chord diagrams based on the human-machine interaction were established. RESULTS: The ensemble model achieved 98.8%, 98.4%, 99.7%, 99.5%, and 99.4% accuracies in the (-), (1+), (2+), (3+), and (4+) categories, respectively. The results were compared with those of manual classification by immunologists (average accuracy: 99.2% vs. 75.6%). Using the model, all three immunologists achieved increased accuracy (average accuracy: +8.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed algorithm can thus effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of IAR intensity classification and facilitate the automation of haemolytic disease screening equipment.
Applying spectrochemical analyses on venous disease patients treated by N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Ablation Surgery
Authors: Guleken Zozan , Kanber Eyüp Murat , Sarıbal Devrim , Depciuch Joanna
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: The venous disease of the legs is a common disease among adults that may lead to a deterioration in the structure and concentration of biomolecules. N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Ablation Surgery (NBCA) or cyanoacrylate embolization (CAE) technique to adhesive the saphenous vein is an alternative method for the treatment of venous disease. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to show what kind of changes occurs after CAE surgery using FTIR spectroscopy combined chemometrics. We compared before and after surgery blood sera of patients to find whether a correlation between spectral data and laboratory indexes. We studied the blood sera of those who suffered from varicose veins and treated them by CAE technique. METHODS: In order to examine the molecular profiles in blood sera who underwent the CAE technique of the great saphenous vein for the treatment we used Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy of blood samples of patients before and after surgery as a fast diagnostic technique. To obtain information about the spectra variation among the types of samples Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for fingerprint, amide II with amide I regions. To find normality among variations Partial Least Square P-P plot of residual was performed. RESULTS: Absorbance values were statistically significant only in amide II, amide I, and OH vibrations. In the blood collected before surgery, higher peaks area of α-helix and β-harmonica were noticed. However, in both groups of samples, a higher amount of β-harmonica was visible. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the value of white blood cells (WBC) correlate with absorbance at 2858 cm-1 wavenumber. Moreover, a correlation between neutrophil (NEU) and OH vibrations, and between hematocrit (HCT) and 1082 cm-1, were found. Furthermore, a high correlation Platelets (PLT) and FTIR peak at 1165 cm-1, was noticed. CONCLUSIONS: This methodology suggests with PCA analysis CAE caused structural and quantitative chemical changes in blood samples of patients.
Krise und Regulation des Kapitalismus in der Europäischen Union
Authors: Sablowski Thomas , Schneider Etienne , Syrovatka Felix
Published: May 2022

Seit der Eurokrise wurden in der Europäischen Union grundlegende Veränderungen im europäischen Regulationsmodus, insbesondere in der Regulation des Geld-, Lohn-, und Konkurrenzverhältnisses angestoßen. Diese Veränderungen resultierten einerseits aus den geopolitischen Verschiebungen der letzten Jahre, andererseits aus dem Versuch, die infolge der Eurokrise entstandenen Krisentendenzen zu bearbeiten. Damit verbunden waren durchaus deutliche Brüche in der neoliberalen Integrationsweise, die die Frage nach einer neuen Entwicklungsweise in der Europäischen Union aufwerfen.
CURRENT THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES IN NSCLC TREATMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Kumar M. , Sarkar A.
Published: May 2022

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most lethal malignancies accountings for nearly 80% of all lung cancer cases diagnosed and causing over one million deaths annually worldwide. The discovery of molecular alterations including driver mutations and gene fusions has led to innovation of numerous targeted therapies, which certainly provided an edge over the classical chemotherapeutic treatment regimens and improved survival of the patients. Despite all the breakthrough innovations, the five-year survival statistics has not improved the way it was expected, pointing the challenges and limitations of currently approved diagnostic methods and therapies. This review summarizes various innovative therapies, treatment regimens developed over the last two decades for NSCLC treatment and the current challenges and limitations in the NSCLC treatment landscape.
LONG-TERM RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY ONCOLOGIC OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICALLY LOCALLY ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER: A SINGLE-CENTER STUDY
Authors: Grygorenko V. , Afanasiev Ye. , Danylets R. , Vikarchuk M. , Kosyuchno M. , Pasichnyk S.
Published: May 2022

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in males worldwide and placed fifth in cancer mortality among males. Between 14–24% of PCa patients have newly diagnosed advanced stages, which paradoxically has remained stable over time. Aim: To estimate and compare long-term radical prostatectomy (RP) oncologic outcomes in patients with clinically locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPCa), to determine the prognostic significance of common clinical-pathological parameters. Patients and Methods: The study included 105 patients with LAPCa who underwent RP with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy between September 2003 — April 2015. Kaplan — Meier method was used for calculating biochemical recurrence- (BRFS), progression-free- (PFS), overall (OS), and prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) rates. Analyses of features associated with outcomes were conducted using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: Patients from cT3b group had worse PFS, OS and PCSS rates in comparison with cT3a, while there was no significant difference in BRFS rates. Preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (hazard ratio (HR) 1.023, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.014–1.033, p < 0.001), pT3a (HR 3,027, 95% CI: 1.449–7.096, p < 0.01), pT3b (HR 2.792, 95% CI: 1.133–6.881, p < 0.05) pT4 stage (HR 31.12, 95% CI: 7.646–126.6 p < 0.001) and positive lymph nodes status (HR 6.503, 95% CI: 3.190–13.25, p < 0.001) were significant factors in BRFS. Preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (HR 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007–1.030, p = 0.001) and positive lymph nodes status (HR 3.191, 95% CI: 1.672–6.088, p < 0.001) were significant factors in PFS and PCSS. Conclusions: RP as the initial treatment option of multimodal therapy in the management of LAPCa patients demonstrates encouraging oncologic outcomes. Patients from the cT3b group had the worse rates of PFS, OS, and PCSS in comparison with the cT3a group. Heterogeneity of LAPCa patients’ outcomes reflects the insufficiency of the existing clinical risk classification for the prediction of systemic progression and cancer-specific survival.
EVALUATION OF 5-FLUOROURACIL-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY: ROLE OF CARDIAC BIOMARKERS
Authors: Moghaddam Zhaleh Karimi , Rostami Mina , Zeraatchi Alireza , Fallah Abadi Hamidreza , Karamitanha Farzaneh , Amirmoghaddami Hamidreza
Published: May 2022

Background: Side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients need to be investigated in more detail. Aim: To determine the incidence of cardiotoxicity in patients treated with different chemotherapy regimens containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in Zanjan, Iran. Patients and Methods: In a prospective cohort study, patients with different types of solid gastrointestinal tumors who were candidates for 5-FU based chemotherapy regimens were enrolled. The study population consisted of 100 patients (48 females and 52 males) with a mean age of 63.99 ± 12.40 years. We measured serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels before and during each chemotherapy cycle and determined the occurrence of cardiotoxicity in patients based on the levels of cTnI, clinical signs and symptoms as well as electrocardiogram findings. In addition, we assessed a history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia and previous chest radiation as potential risk factors for cardiotoxicity. Results: The incidence of cardiotoxicity was 8%, of which 5 patients were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome, 2 patients with arrhythmias and one with hypotension. In addition, there was no significant association between studied risk factors and 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: The incidence of cardiotoxicity in patients receiving 5-FU infusion regimens was notable. Thus, paying more attention to the 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity is necessary in order to improve the prognosis of patients with cancer.