bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation on simultaneous machining of EDM and ECM of Ti6Al4V with different abrasive materials and particle sizes
Authors: Meng Jianbing , Wang Shuaike , Guan Qingyi , Dong Xiaojuan , Li Hongmei , Li Li , Zhao Guoyong , Zhao Yugang
Published: May 2022

In view of the difficult machining characteristics of titanium alloys and the limitations of EDM/ECM serial machining, a study of parallel machining of EDM and ECM with the aid of abrasive particles was carried out using a low conductivity NaNO3 salt solution as the working medium. Firstly, the influences of the electrical conductivity of working medium, abrasive material and abrasive particle size on material removal rate, electrode loss rate, surface roughness and surface microstructure were analyzed. Then, the material removal rate, electrode loss rate and surface roughness were taken as evaluation indexes, and the multi-process objectives were transformed into a single evaluation index by orthogonal test and grey correlation analysis. The optimal combination of the main process parameters including peak current, pulse width, abrasive particle concentration and gap voltage was obtained, and the experimental verification was carried out. The results show that under the same electrical parameters and machining conditions, the comprehensive machining effect is better when the conductivity of working medium is 300 µS/cm. Compared with Cu and Al abrasives, although SiC abrasives have the lowest material removal rate, the electrode loss rate and surface roughness are the smallest; according to the analysis of multi-objective grey correlation degree, the optimal combination of process parameters for EDM and ECM parallel machining assisted by SiC abrasive particles with particle size of 50 µm is as follows: peak current 1.5 A, pulse width 15 µs, abrasive concentration 5 g/L and gap voltage 40 V. Compared with other parameter combinations, the electrode loss rate, surface roughness and surface morphology are improved obviously under this parameter combination.
Clinical features and risk factors analysis for poor outcomes of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) in children: a nomogram prediction model
Authors: Xu Changjing , Tao Xuemei , Fu Liya , Zhu Junlong , Yang Xuping , Hou Chao , Liu Yujie , Zhu Wanlong , Huang Yilan
Published: May 2022

Background: Early prediction of poor outcomes (PO) is of great significance to the improvement of the longterm prognosis of children with a diagnosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP).The study aimed to explore the risk factors for PO of SCAP in children. We further aimed to develop and validate a PO-predictive nomogram model for SCAP in children. Methods: A population-based, retrospective case-control study was conducted in children with a diagnosis of SCAP who were hospitalized in our hospital from August 1, 2018 to October 31, 2021. Based on the occurrence of poor outcomes (PO), children were divided into PO and the non-PO groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to construct the nomogram model. Results: A total of 300 children with a diagnosis of SCAP were included, and 56 children had PO. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the possible independent risk factors for PO were comorbidity and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). In internal validation, the model displayed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.866 (95% CI: 0.772~0.960) and high quality of calibration plots in the nomogram model was noted. Conclusions: The nomogram model presented good discrimination and calibration in estimating the risk of PO among pediatric patients with a diagnosis of SCAP.
A Context-Aware M-RIPPER Algorithm for Heart Disease Prediction
Authors: Almutairi Saad , S Manimurugan , Aborokbah Majed Mohammed , C Narmatha , Ganesan Subramaniam , AlzahebHani Riyadh A , Almoamari Hani
Published: May 2022

These days, mobile computing devices are ubiquitous and widely used in almost every facet of daily life. Computing and the modern world are not really coexisting anymore. With a wide range of conditions and areas of concern, the medical domain was also concerned. New types of technologies, such as context-aware systems and applications, are constantly being infused into the medicine field. An IoT-enabled healthcare system based on context awareness is developed in this work. In order to collect and store patient data, smart medical devices are employed. Context-aware data from the database includes the patient's medical records and personal information. The MRIPPER (Modified Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce ErroR) technique is used to analyze and classify the data. A rule-based machine learning method is used in this algorithm. The rules for analyzing data sets in order to make predictions about heart disease are framed using this algorithm. MATLAB is used to simulate the proposed model's performance analysis. Other models like random forest, J48, CART, JRip, and OneR algorithms are also compared to validate the proposed model’s performance. The proposed model obtains 98.89 percent accuracy, 96.76 percent precision, 99.05 percent sensitivity, 94.35 percent specificity, and 97.60 percent f-score. Predictions for subjects in the normal and abnormal classes were both accurate with 97.38 for normal and 97.93 for abnormal.
Quantum Disordered Ground State in the Heisenberg-Kitaev Candidate NaRuO2
Authors: Ortiz Brenden , Sarte Paul , Avidor Alon Hendler , Hay Aurland , Kenney Eric , Kolesnikov Alexander , Aczel Adam , Brown Craig , Wang Chennan , Graf Michael , Seshadri Ram , Balents Leon , Wilson Stephen
Published: May 2022

The realization of spin liquid states born from the near-critical regime of the triangular lattice Hubbard model in inorganic materials remains a long-standing challenge, where weak spin-orbit coupling and other small perturbations often induce conventional spin freezing or order. Strong enough spin-orbit coupling, however, can renormalize the electronic wave function and induced anisotropic exchange interactions that promote magnetic frustration. Through the cooperative interplay of spin-orbit coupling and correlation effects, here we show that the triangular lattice magnet NaRuO2 hosts an inherently fluctuating magnetic ground state with thermodynamic properties suggestive of a crossover between dynamic ground states. Despite the presence of a charge gap, we find that low-temperature spin excitations generate a metal-like term in the specific heat and continuum excitations in neutron scattering, reminiscent of spin liquid states found in triangular lattice organic magnets. Further cooling reveals that these fluctuations crossover into a state whose dynamic spin autocorrelation function reflects persistent fluctuations within a highly disordered spin state. These findings instantiate NaRuO2 as a unique, Heisenberg-Kitaev cousin to organic, Heisenberg spin liquid compounds with a low-temperature crossover in quantum disorder driven via the interplay between geometric frustration, extended hopping, and relativistic spin-orbit coupling.
Psychosocial work stress and parent-child bonding during the COVID-19 pandemic: clarifying the role of parental symptoms of depression and aggressiveness
Authors: Koerber Mirjam I. , Mack Judith T. , Seefeld Lara , Kopp Marie , Weise Victoria , Starke Karla Romero , Garthus-Niegel Susan
Published: May 2022

Background: Parental work stress and impaired mental health seem to have intensified during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Both can have a negative impact on parent-child bonding: psychosocial work stress in the course of a spillover effect from work to family and symptoms of impaired mental health as part of a crossover effect from parent to child. This potentially affects the child's development in the long term.Method: This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between psychosocial work stress and parent-child bonding during the early COVID-19 pandemic (May–July 2020). Symptoms of depression and aggressiveness were considered as mediators of this relationship. The sample consisted of employees in Eastern Germany (n = 380; 42.9% mothers, 57.1% fathers), aged 24–55 years, with children aged 0–36 months. Results: After including potential confounders, higher psychosocial work stress predicted weaker parent-child-bonding (β = 0.148, p = .017, 95% CI [0.566, 5.614]). The older the child was (β = 0.123, p = .035, 95% CI [0.008, 0.209]) and the more a parent worked in home office (β = 0.127, p = .010, 95% CI [0.494, 3.562]), the weaker the parent-child bonding. When stratifying for parents’ sex, results showed that the more hours mothers worked (β = -0.252, p = .006, 95% CI [-0.340, -0.059]) and if they did not work in home office (β = 0.181, p = .018, 95% CI [0.536, 5.672]), the stronger the mother-child bonding, which was not true for fathers. Symptoms of depression predicted father-child bonding (β = 0.420, p < .001, 95% CI [0.470, 0.944]), but mother-child bonding was associated with the confounders higher number of hours worked (β = -0.215, p = .021, 95% CI [-0.315, -0.026]) and not working in home office (β = 0.154, p = .038, 95% CI [0.146, 5.167]) and not symptoms of depression. Symptoms of depression (ab = 2.491, 95% CI [1.472, 3.577]) as well as of aggressiveness (ab = 2.091, 95% CI [1.147, 3.279]) mediated the relationship between psychosocial work stress and parent-child bonding.Discussion: The results of this study highlight the importance of prevention as well as intervention measures in relation to psychosocial work stress that may play a debilitating role in the context of family relationships. In addition, the results suggest that both employers and employees should be made aware of the importance of psychosocial work stress, as it can have a negative impact on mental health, which in turn may have a major influence on family relationships. Since working in home office and the amount of hours at work seem to have a differential impact on mothers and fathers as well as on their family relationships, these aspects should be investigated in further research.
Complete genome analysis of a novel chuvirus from a southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula
Authors: Ren Peng-Peng , Ye Zhuang-Xin , Wang Sai-Nan , Chen Jian-Ping , Li Jun-Min , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Lu Jia-Bao
Published: May 2022

A novel chuvirus from the southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula) was identified by RNA sequencing in this study, which was named "Nbu southern green stink bug chuvirus-1" (NbuSGSBV-1). The complete genome sequence of NbuSGSBV-1 consisted of 11,375 nucleotides, which was confirmed to be a circular form by ‘around-the-genome’ reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sanger sequencing. Furthermore, three open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted in the NbuSGSBV-1 genome, including a large polymerase protein (L protein), a glycoprotein (G protein) and a nucleocapsid protein (N protein). Thereafter, a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase amino acid sequences of all the currently available viruses in the family Chuviridae. As a result, NbuSGSBV-1 was clustered together with Sanya chuvirus 2 and Hubei odonate virus 11, indicating that NbuSGSBV-1 might belong to the genus Odonatavirus. Meanwhile, motif prediction results revealed five conserved sites among the L proteins of NbuSGSBV-1 and its homologous chiviruses. Moreover, the high abundance and typical characteristics of the NbuSGSBV-1-derived small interfering RNAs suggested the active replication of NbuSGSBV-1 in the host insect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a chuvirus identified from the insect family Pentatomidae. The discovery and characterization of NbuSGSBV-1 will help to understand the diversity of chuviruses in insects.
The response of sugar beet rhizosphere micro-ecological environment to continuous cropping
Authors: Cui Rufei , Geng Gui , Wang Gang , Stevanato Piergiorgio , Dong Yinzhuang , Li Tai , Yu Lihua , Wang Yuguang
Published: May 2022

Background and aims Continuous cropping can lead to increased soil-borne diseases of sugar beet and cause economic losses. We aimed to study the relationship of continuous cropping to the microbial community of each root compartment of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Methods The structure and difference of microbiome community in bulk soil (Sc and Sn), rhizosphere soil (Rc and Rn), and endosphere (Bc and Bn) of sugar beet were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technique. Results The endophytic microbial alpha diversity of the root system was significantly lower in the continuous crop group than in the non-continuous crop group. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased and the relative abundance of Actinomycetes decreased in continuous cropping compared to non-continuous cropping. The relative abundance of Tausonia and Fusarium in each group of continuous cropping is greater than the non-continuous cropping. Microbial communities in all three root compartments were correlated with environmental factors, except for the rhizosphere bacterial community. Root compartments in continuous cropping are dominated by pathogenic fungi. The structural characteristics of the fungal zone show a continuous and progressive change from the bulk soil to the rhizosphere soil and then to the endosphere of sugar beet.Conclusions The accumulation or subtraction of some microbial populations during continuous sugar beet cultivation to form a specific flora has proven to be an important strategy for building the micro-ecological community structure of sugar beet. This provides a scientific reference for understanding the formation of continuous cropping obstacles in sugar beet.
Induced membrane technique in the treatment of infected tibial bone defect: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Wei , Ou Shuanji , Xu Changpeng , Wu Xiaodong , Xia Changliang , Qi Yong , Ma Xiangyang
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
The induced membrane technique (IMT) is a two-stage procedure dedicated to reconstruction of bone defects of the limbs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IMT in the treatment of infected tibial bone defect.
Patients and methods:
A retrospective study was performed among the patients treated using IMT for infected tibial bone defect between 2017 and 2020. The complications were recorded, and the bone defect union and the functional results were evaluated by Paley method. All patients were followed up for at least one year.
Results
We included 12 patients (11 males) with a mean age of 44.5 years (range 19 to 65). The mean length of bone defect was 26.7 mm (range 10 to 60). The mean interval between the stage one and the stage two of the procedure was 11.8 weeks (range 4 to 32). At a mean follow-up of 18.08 months (range 12 to 32), bone union was achieved in all cases in a mean time of 8 months (range 5 to 16) without infection recurrence, where one patient received additional bone grafting. The joint function recovered well for the patients and the rate of functionally excellent and good results was 9/12.
Conclusion
IMT in the treatment of infected tibial bone defect offers the advantages of simple operation, rapid healing of bone defects, and low recurrence rate of infection.
Mechanism of dopamine traveling waves in the striatum: theory and experiment
Authors: Matityahu Lior , Gilin Naomi , Atamna Yara , Tiroshi Lior , Wickens Jeffery , Goldberg Joshua
Published: May 2022

Striatal dopamine (DA) encodes reward, with recent work showing that DA release occurs in spatiotemporal waves. However, the mechanism of DA waves is unknown. Here we report that the striatal cholinergic neuropil also exhibits wave-like activity, and that the spatial scale of striatal DA release is extended by nicotinic receptors. Based on these findings we hypothesized that the local reciprocal interaction between cholinergic interneurons (CIN) and DA axons suffices to drive endogenous traveling waves. We show that the morphological and physiological properties of the CIN-DA interaction can be modeled as a reaction-diffusion system that gives rise to traveling waves. Analytically-tractable versions of the model show that the structure and the nature of propagation of CIN and DA traveling waves depend on their coupling, and that traveling waves can give rise to empirically observed correlations between these signals. Our model provides a biophysical mechanism for wave formation and predicts that the observed DA and CIN waves are strongly coupled phenomena.
Bio-guided Isolation of anti-Alzheimer’s compounds from Phyllanthus niruri and their role in reversal of aluminium chloride induced neurobehavioral and biochemical changes in animal model
Authors: Rajamanickam. Gayathri , L Manju S
Published: May 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the chronic neurodegenerative pathologies that lead to memory loss, mental and behavioral changes in elderly people. The senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and neuroinflammation by activating 5lipoxygenases (5-LOX) are important pathological processes in AD. Phyllanthus niruri Linn (PN) earned a lot of attention for phytoconstituents and their medicinal properties. The compounds quercitrin and niruriflavone were isolated by bio-guided fractionation from PN using the in-vitro assays. Both compounds showed good docking scores on AChE and 5-LOX targets in the molecular docking studies. AD was induced in rats by 100 mg/kg of oral aluminium chloride (AlCl3) for 42 days. It decreased the antioxidative enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase activity. Oral administration of niruriflavone reversed the neurobehavioral changes caused by AlCl3. The niruriflavone treatment also restored the antioxidative enzymes and attenuated the acetylcholinesterase and lipid peroxidation. All of the evidence suggests that isolated compounds could benefit the population afflicted by AD in a multitargeted manner.
Using Social Network Analysis to Study Diversity in Business Partnerships
Authors: Abdulkarim Rola , Abdallah Sherief , AlHossani Abdulla
Published: May 2022

Understanding the key elements of successful business partnerships has significant economic value. In this paper we analyze, for the first time, real world trade license data as a social network. The data we analyze cover the license registrations from 2015 to 2017 in a major cosmopolitan city in the middle east. The dataset consists of more than twenty thousand trade licenses and thirty-nine thousand individuals (business partners). We view the data as two complementary networks that evolve over time: one network where a node represents a partner and an edge represents the existence of partnership (common trade licenses), and another network where a node represents a license and an edge connects two licenses that have common partners. We apply community detection algorithms to both networks and carefully investigate how the top clusters evolve over time. Our analysis shows that business partnerships exhibit diversity with respect to age and nationality, but not when it comes to gender. We also identify common motifs that repeat in these networks and remain consistent over time.
Dropout regularization in Deep learning for Internet traffic classification
Authors: Krobba Ahmed , Debyeche Mohamed , KOUIDER Rania , Hocine Boutheina
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, the Internet has become the global means of communication for transmitting all kinds of traffic data; this is what makes it develop rapidly, which means the network traffic data increases greatly. In order to manage the data circulating in the networks it is necessary to establish an analysis of the network traffic which makes it possible to provide detailed and explainable data on this traffic and the consumption of the bandwidth, generally by applications and their protocols. In this paper, we analyse and classify internet traffic using the «Deep Neurale Network » method and compare their performance to that of the artificial neural network. The results show that the proposed method is able to accurately and stably classify the content types of network traffic compared with to the RNN.
Shift Left: Strengthening the Requirements Elicitation Process for Improving Quality Software in Software Development Projects
Authors: P Udhayakumar S , M Sivasubramanian
Published: May 2022

With new methodologies accelerating software delivery, software developers are expected to follow DRIFT (Do it right the first time) and ensure that the delivered software is error-free and works as expected. While the software development community has adopted and accelerated many delivery methodologies, it still finds delivering defect-free software a challenging task. To deliver defect-free software, identifying and eliminating the defects prior to delivery is key. However, to develop defect-free software, the focus on quality must start very early in the lifecycle. This paper is an attempt by the authors to get to the underlying cause of defect injection and identify ways to reduce defect injection. In this paper, the authors aim to analyse the requirements elicitation process and its effect to software defects. This paper aims to identify the source of defect injection with a specific focus on people and process aspects. The authors performed Phase Containment Efficiency (PCE) analysis on the selected software projects using the phase injected and phase detected categorization of defects. Root cause analysis was also performed on the same to identify the phase and cause of injection. Subsequently, the cost of fixing those defects was ascertained using industry-standard cost data. Using these analysis outcomes, the authors developed a framework to address the causes and prevent defect injection. A systemic review and analysis of the source data are performed in this paper, based on the same solution themes to prevent defect injection are recommended which are to be part of the requirements elicitation process.
Detecting protein complexes with multiple properties by an adaptive harmony search algorithm
Authors: Wang Rongquan , Wang Caixia , Ma Huimin
Published: May 2022

Background: Accurate identification of protein complexes in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks is crucial for understanding the principles of cellular organization. Most computational methods ignore the fact that proteins in a protein complex have a functional similarity as well as they are co-localized and co-expressed at the same place and time, respectively. Meanwhile, the parameters of the current methods are specified by users, so these methods cannot effectively deal with different input PPI networks. Result: To address these issues, this study proposes a new method called MP-AHSA to detect protein complexes with multiple properties, and an adaptation harmony search algorithm is developed to optimize the parameters of the MP algorithm. First, a weighted PPI network is constructed using functional annotations, and multiple biological properties and the Markov cluster algorithm (MCL) are used to mine protein complex cores. Then, a fitness function is defined, and a protein complex forming strategy is designed to detect attachment proteins and form protein complexes. Next, a protein complex filtering strategy is formulated to filter out the protein complexes. Finally, an adaptation harmony search algorithm is developed to automatically determine the parameters of the MP algorithm. Conclusions: Experimental results show that the proposed MP-AHSA method outperforms 14 state-of-the-art methods for the identification of protein complexes. Also, the functional enrichment analyses reveal that the protein complexes identified by MP-AHSA algorithm have significant biological relevance.
Testing antiplatelets generics beyond bioequivalence: A parallel single-blinded randomized trial
Authors: Zarif Bassem , Soliman Lamyaa , Sabry Nirmeen A. , Said Eman
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Although generic drugs are approved for their bioequivalence to the original product, they are not necessarily therapeutically equivalent. The aim of our study is to introduce the concept of “studying the clinical effectiveness” of generic drug in comparison to the brand drug rather than simply comparing “their bioequivalence” to build more trust to use the generic drug. This study was conducted to prove the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor - generically named as Ticaloguard® compared to its brand Brilique® in heathy volunteers.
Methods
A loading dose of 180 mg ticagrelor named Brilique® or Ticaloguard® followed by a 90 mg twice daily regimen as maintenance dose was given to 14 and 15 volunteers in Tica and Brili groups, respectively. The platelet aggregation on ADP agonist was assessed at different time intervals.
Results
It was shown that generic Ticaloguard® provides a similar therapeutic effect and safety as its branded Brilique® (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The present study revealed that the antiplatelet inhibition activity and safety of the generic ticagrelor (Ticalogaurd®) are comparable to its brand Brilique® in healthy volunteers.Testing generic drug effects rather than simple bioequivalency, especially for drugs that are used in critical life-threatening situations, is crucial. We advocate applying this form of a clinical trial to test surrogate clinical efficacy for generics used in critical indications before having real-world data whenever possible.
Blood routine reference value range should be adjusted according to regional and ethnic characteristics
Authors: Yan Guo , Liu Xiao , Zhang Hengduan , Zhang Qiang , Shi Zhongshan , Zhang Na
Published: May 2022

Objective
To further understand the influence of regional and ethnic factors on blood routine indicators and to provide reference for formulating the range of blood routine reference values for different regions and ethnic groups in China.
Methods
The routine blood test (RBT) results of 617 healthy men aged 18–45 years old of the Li, Tibet, and Han nationalities living in the city of Sanya, Hainan Province (200 m), the city of Xining, Qinghai Province (2300 m), and Maduo County of Qinghai Province (4300 m) for a long time were studied. Eight indexes, such as the red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and platelet (PLT) counts, were compared and analyzed.
Results
With an increase in altitude, the RBT index values and change trends of the different ethnic groups were different. When the altitude increased by 2000 m, the RBC and Hb increased by 6.6% and 8.1%, respectively, and the PLT decreased by 16.8%. However, the RBC, Hb, and PLT of the Tibetan subjects decreased by 7.4%, 5.1%, and 3.0%, respectively. In the same region, there were also significant differences in the RBT index values among the ethnic groups. The RBC increased, Hb decreased, and PLT did not change in the Li nationality in Sanya compared with the Han nationality. The RBC, Hb, and PLT of Tibetans in the Xining area were significantly higher than those of the Han population. Referring to the current RBT reference value range in China, the abnormal rates of the various RBT index values of the enrolled population were high. By utilizing Hb as an example, 27.7% of the Li nationality in Sanya was low, 67.0% of the Tibetan nationality in Xining was high, and 89.4% of the Maduo Han nationality was high. The PLT was lower in the Sanya Li nationality (13.8%) and the Maduo Han nationality (88.3%).
Conclusion
Regional and ethnic factors have a significant impact on the RBT, and the current range of normal values of the RBT in China needs to be revised and adjusted.
Impact of Integrating Anti-cervical Cancer Teachings Into the Curriculum of High Schools in Nigeria
Authors: Ifediora Christian , Veerman Lennert , Azuike Emmanuel , Ekwochi Uchenna , Obiozor Williams
Published: May 2022

Background: The global quest to eliminate cervical cancer, along with the attainment of the 2030 SDG goals, can only be achieved if realistic approaches for improving outcomes in lower-middle-income countries (LMICS) are entrenched. Targeting young, mostly teenage adults in high schools of these countries, which generally lack universally-affordable cervical cancer-tackling measures, has recently been promoted as a game-changing approach. Integration of relevant teachings into the schools’ regular academic curricula, along with in-built measures that enhance engagement, are the advocated measures. A program with these principles, designed with the help of the Harvard Medical School, and introduced into Nigerian schools in 2019, was a global first. This paper evaluates that initiative.Method: A 12-month Cohort Study involving high schools in South-east Nigeria.Results: At Phase-1 (baseline) there were 1,699 Intervention responses, while Phases 2 (one-month post-intervention) and 4 (12-month post-intervention) had 1,797 and 500 responses, respectively. COVID-19 lockdowns washed out Phase-3 (six-month post-intervention). There were increased knowledge on “General Awareness”, “HPV Vaccinations”, “Risk Factors” and “Symptoms”, with levels at Phase-4 being higher than at Phase-2. Observed changes were non-different between gender, age groups, and classes of high schools. “Pap Smears” was an exception, since increased knowledge at Phase-2 were not sustained, and, after initial significant increases at Phase-2, knowledge associated with myths were reversed back to the Phase-1 levels.Conclusion: Anti-cervical cancer enlightenment interventions to teenage high school students were largely effective, but only guaranteed if engagement-enhancing measures are maintained over time. Extra efforts should be put into debunking prevailing myths.
Application of pedicled greater omentum flap tamponade combined with laparoscopic fenestration in diaphragmatic hepatic cyst
Authors: Wu Zujian , Chen Yun , Jin Ye , Liu Changfeng , Liu Yusu , Zhang Bing
Published: May 2022

Objective To investigate the efficacy and clinical application advantage of omental tamponade with vascular pedicle combined with Laparoscopic fenestration for the treatment of diaphragmatic hepatic cyst. Methods A total of 56 patients with diaphragmatic hepatic cysts underwent laparoscopic surgery in a single tertiary academic medical center from January 2010 to October 2020, including 21 patients (non-omental group) underwent laparoscopic fenestration of liver cysts, and 36 patients underwent laparoscopic liver cyst fenestration combined with vascular pedicle omentum tamponade (omental group). The general conditions and follow-up results of the two groups were compared and annalyzed.Results The operation time of the omental group was longer than that of the non-omental group (P = 1.358E-4). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications, postoperative laboratory values, hospital stay and hospital costs (P＞0.05). In the omental group, recurrence occurred in 1 of 35 patients (4.65%) who were followeded up 12 months after surgery. In the non-omental group , of the 21 patients followed, 8 patients (38.10%) recurred 12 months after surgery, and 3 patients (14.28%) recurred 6 months after surgery.Conclusion It is an effective method to prevent the recurrence of diaphragmatic hepatic cyst after laparoscopic fenestration by packing the cyst with vascularized omentum.
Condition-specific genes of Ulva compressa under light intensity and temperature stress
Authors: Dong ao , Zhou Lingjie , cai chuner , Zha Minjun , He Peimin
Published: May 2022

The experiment aimed to explore the possible life activities of Ulva compressa under different environmental conditions, e.g., light intensity and temperature stress. Orthogonal experiment of three temperature levels and three light intensity levels were designed, and there were a totally nine groups. The transcriptome of U. compressa was studied in specific genes after RNA extraction, sequencing, transcriptome assembly, annotation, and expression analysis. It was showed that U. compressa was selectively expressed condition-specific genes under certain conditions, thereby maintaining related life activities, which was different from the algae in the Yellow Sea green tide. Two categories of condition-specific genes were divided according to the results, wherein one type of genes was more obviously expressed under the influence of light, while the other one was obviously influenced by temperature. It seemed that these changes might benefit for U. compressa to temporarily increase the efficiency of photosynthesis and have more gene expression in terms of reproduction and nutrition, laying the foundation for further exploration of its environmental adaptability different from other algae.
The prognostic utility of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in spinal surgery: systematic review protocol.
Authors: Osunronbi Temidayo , Olukoya Olatomiwa , Sharma Himanshu
Published: May 2022

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio has been extensively reported to predict patients' outcomes in fields such as cancer, cardiac surgery, infection, and stroke medicine. However, there is no consensus on the prognostic utility of NLR in spinal surgery patients. Hence, this systematic review aims to analyse existing evidence and evaluate the relationship between NLR and outcome measures in spinal surgery patients. This is a study protocol for a systematic review.
Prevalence of medical factors related to aging among older car drivers: A multicenter, prospective, descriptive study
Authors: Hagiya Hideharu , Takase Ryosuke , Honda Hiroyuki , Nakano Yasuhiro , Otsuka Yuki , Kataoka Hitomi , Uno Mika , Ueda Keigo , Takahashi Misa , Ogawa Hiroko , Hanayama Yoshihisa , Otsuka Fumio
Published: May 2022

Aim: An increasing number of older adults in Japan are at an increased risk of traffic accident. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of potential underlying medical factors that increase the risk of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) among older people. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 11 medical institutions in Japan using self-administered questionnaires and physical examination from January to May 2021. The background and social data, data on the use of nursing care insurance, and clinical data suggestive of polypharmacy, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, and frailty/oral frailty were obtained. The prevalence of these factors was compared between everyday and occasional drivers. Results: Data of 127 patients were collected; their median (interquartile range) age was 73 (70–78) years. Of the total participants, 82 were men (64.6%) and 45 were women (35.4%). There were 77 everyday drivers and 50 occasional drivers. Of these, 121 (95.3%) had not applied for nursing care insurance, but the numbers of those who required help 1 and 2 were 1 (0.8%) and 3 (2.4%), respectively. Prevalence of medical factors was as follows: polypharmacy, 27.6%; sarcopenia, 8.7%; dementia, 16.4%; frailty, 15.0%; and oral frailty, 54.3%; it was not significantly different between every day and occasional drivers. Intention to return the car license was significantly higher among the occasional drivers (2.6% vs. 14.0%; odds ratio: 6.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.2–70.6, P=0.024). Conclusion: We uncovered the prevalence of medical factors that increase the risk of MVAs among older people aged ≥65 years in our community.
Application of Digital Model of Meteorological Data in Tropospheric Delay Errors estimation of GNSS Measurements
Authors: Younes Sobhy A.
Published: May 2022

A major source of error in space-based geodesy is the tropospheric delay, which results in excess path length of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signal as it passes through the neutral atmosphere. Tropospheric models that use real, predicted or empirical meteorological data have been applied to account for this error. The models widely used in geodesy are Hopfield, Saastamoinen, Black, GPS-Code-Analysis –Tool (GCAT) and Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS). In current study, a methodology that utilized real meteorological data obtained by Global Forecast System (GFS) digital weather model in GRIB format was defined and used. Based on data obtained for different months in 2019, which coverage all seasonal variations of ZTDs, it was found that the accuracy obtained by using of real meteorological data of GFS was 1.5 to 2 times higher than that obtained from standard or empirical models. The RMS of Hopfield, Saastamoinen, and Black’s using predicted meteorological parameters showed less than 5% difference from one another (0.063 m, 0.061 m, and 0.062 m, respectively). Real GPS data of nine GPS stations in 7-day period were used for evolution the zenith part obtained by using of real meteorological data of GFS against that used standard or empirical models. The data were processed using Bernese software version 5.0. The closure error results prove that the model used real meteorological data is the best model in all session.
Finding Efficiency Of Web Application Firewall
Authors: Malleswari D.Naga , Chintala Radhika Rani , Kodukula Subrahmanyam
Published: May 2022

Today, with the Evolution of technology and tools like computer systems, mobiles, tablets pieces use these http as default protocol. The fact is a huge amount of data transactions are being processed due to these the http protocol. Because of this reason http protocol is becoming a target to attackers. It is important to analyze traffic between various protocols to seek attack attempts and also take certain measures to prevent them from these attackers. In this we are going to evaluate the effectiveness of web application firewall by using Confusion matrix plots we use R studio as a tool for finding out the results. We focus on the Precision, Recall, Sensitivity, Accuracy and False Positive Rate with the help of random numbers. we used different classifiers to test the detection accuracies. The experiments show that we can also find effectiveness in a better way.
Image improvement of temporal focusing multiphoton microscopy via superior spatial modulation excitation and Hilbert-Huang transform decomposition
Authors: Hu Yvonne Yuling , Lin Chun-Yu , Chang Chia-Yuan , Lo Yuan-Long , Chen Shean-Jen
Published: May 2022

Temporal focusing-based multiphoton excitation microscopy (TFMPEM) just provides the advantage of widefield optical sectioning ability with axial resolution of several micrometers. However, under the plane excitation, the photons emitted from the molecules in turbid tissues undergo scattering, resulting in complicated background noise and an impaired widefield image quality. Accordingly, this study constructs a theoretical model of TFMPEM utilizing Fourier optics and performs numerical simulations to determine the optimal spatial frequency and orientation of the structured pattern which maximize the axial excitation confinement. It is shown experimentally that the optimized pattern minimizes the intensity of the out-of-focus signal, and hence improves the quality of the image reconstructed using the Hilbert transform (HT). However, the square-like reflection components on digital micromirror device leads to pattern residuals in the demodulated image when applying high spatial frequency of structured pattern. Accordingly, the HT is replaced with Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) in order to sift out the low-frequency background noise and pattern residuals in the demodulation process. The experimental results obtained using a kidney tissue sample show that the HHT yields a significant improvement in the TFMPEM image quality.
ITGB3 and its related molecules are key regulatory mechanisms in cesarean scar pregnancy by proteomics and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Qu Zai-qing , Luo Zhan-qing , Zhu Bei , Lu Xiao-ning , Xing Chen-yu , Cao Xue , You Ding-yun
Published: May 2022

Background Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is life-threatening, and the number of patients with CSP is rapidly increasing in China. However, the pathogenesis of CSP is still unclear due to the lack of macroscopic data due to spatial and temporal constraints. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the key regulatory molecules and mechanisms of CSP through a multi-omics approach.MethodsProteomics was used to detect proteins expression in deciduas and villus from six clinical patients clinical patients. Gene expression datasets were downloaded using the GEO and SRA databases. Bioinformatics analysis was performed in a series of databases and software such as DAVID, Metascape and STRING. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 27, and P < 0.05 was statistically significant.ResultsThe occurrence of CSP has common DEGs with cesarean delivery (CD) and embryo implantation (EI). Enrichment analysis revealed that Biological Process and the KEGG pathway are associated with the adhesion process, with the involvement of ITGB3, ITGA2B and VTN. ITGB3 expression was significantly downregulated after CD compared to spontaneous delivery, and then increased after another pregnancy compared to normal pregnancy.ConclusionsThe occurrence of CSP is inevitably associated with CD and EI. ITGB3, ITGA2B, and VTN may act as key molecules for CSP by activating the focal adhesion signaling pathway. The rebound effect of ITGB3 is a key regulatory mechanism for CSP formation.
Reference gene selection in bovine caruncular epithelial cells under pregnancy-associated hormones exposure
Authors: Sozoniuk Magdalena , Jamioł Monika , Kankofer Marta , Kowalczyk Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

Examination of transcriptional regulation occurring during pregnancy establishment and maintenance requires the identification of endogenous reference genes characterized by high expression stability. Since the expression of some reference genes may be modulated by pregnancy-associated hormones, the goal of our study was to identify suitable reference genes unaffected by hormonal treatment. In our study bovine caruncular epithelial cells were subjected to progesterone, estrogen and prostaglandin F2α treatment. Ten candidate reference genes (ACTR1A, CNOT11, HDAC1, HPRT1, RPL19, RPS9, SDHA, SUZ12, UXT and ZNF131) were evaluated with the use of four approaches (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, delta Ct). We found that RPS9 and SUZ12 displayed the highest expression stability in the tested material. Moreover, HPRT1 and SDHA were found inappropriate for RT-qPCR data normalization as they demonstrated the highest expression variability out of all candidates analysed. Hence geNorm calculations shown that the use of just two best-performing genes would be sufficient for obtaining reliable results, we propose that RPS9 and SUZ12 be used as suitable endogenous controls in future studies investigating gene expression in normal and compromised pregnancies.
Comparative Quantification of 14 Bioactive Compounds in Camellia ptilophylla and Camellia sinensis
Authors: Ying Sihui , Huang Qiuyan , Lu Sen , Gao Xiong , Chen Zhongzheng , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Xiaoshan , Li Bin , Lin Xiaorong
Published: May 2022

Camellia ptilophylla is a rare tea species discovered in southern China which naturally containing low caffeine but high theobromine, high trans-catechin, and two special polyphenols, gallocatechin-3,5-digallate and 1,2,4,6-tetragalloyl glucose. But the commonly-used methods for the quantification of tea bioactive compounds do not cover these two special polyphenols, limiting the systematical phytochemical analysis of Camellia ptilophylla. Herein, we explored a high-performance liquid chromatography-based method to quantify 14 bioactive compounds including three methylxanthines, eight catechin monomers, gallic acid, gallocatechin-3,5-digallate, and 1,2,4,6-tetragalloyl glucose, and applied it on Camellia ptilophylla and six typical Chinese teas from Camellia sinensis. The present method facilitated the effective separation of 14 tea bioactive compounds within 35 min with good linearity (R2 ≥0.9999), excellent sensitivity and reproducibility with a limit of detection of 1.2272-19.7611 ng/mL and a relative standard deviation lower than 4.1%, and satisfactory recoveries of the spiked samples of 95.57%-106.93% with the relative standard deviation lower than 5%. Basing on this method, the characteristics of high theobromine (3.4-4.8%), low caffeine (0.01-0.2%), high gallocatechin gallate (6.3-8.1%) and catechin (C, 2.2-3.4%), low epigallocatechin gallate (2.2-3.0%) and epicatechin (0.3-0.6%), and containing gallocatechin-3,5-digallate (0.6-0.9%) and 1,2,4,6-tetragalloyl glucose (0.5-1.1%) of Camellia ptilophylla were confirmed. This unique profile of bioactive compounds was not found in six typical Chinese teas from Camellia sinensis. In conclusion, theobromine, gallocatechin gallate, catechin, gallocatechin-3,5-digallate, and 1,2,4,6-tetragalloyl glucose with steadily high content were recognized as the characteristic bioactive components of Camellia ptilophylla.
A tEMTing target? - Clinical and Experimental Evidence for Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in the Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (A Scoping Systematic Review)
Authors: Genenger Benjamin , Perry Jay R. , Ashford Bruce , Ranson Marie
Published: May 2022

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a disease with globally rising incidence and poor prognosis for patients with advanced or metastatic disease. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a driver of metastasis in many carcinomas, and cSCC is no exception. We aimed to provide a systematic overview of the clinical and experimental evidence for EMT in cSCC, with critical appraisal of type and quality of the methodology used. We then used this information as rationale for potential drug targets against advanced and metastatic cSCC. All primary literature encompassing clinical and cell-based or xenograft experimental studies reporting on the role of EMT markers or related signalling pathways in the progression of cSCC were considered. A screen of 3443 search results yielded 86 eligible studies comprising 44 experimental studies, 22 clinical studies, and 20 studies integrating both. From the clinical studies a timeline illustrating the alteration of EMT markers and related signalling was evident based on clinical progression of the disease. The experimental studies reveal connections of EMT with a multitude of factors such as genetic disorders, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and matrix remodelling via matrix metalloproteinases and urokinase plasminogen activator. Additionally, EMT was found to be closely tied to environmental factors as well as to stemness in cSCC via NFκB and β-catenin. We conclude that the canonical EGFR, canonical TGF-βR, PI3K/AKT and NFκB signalling are the four signalling pillars that induce EMT in cSCC and could be valuable therapeutic targets. Despite the complexity, EMT markers and pathways are desirable biomarkers and drug targets for the treatment of advanced or metastatic cSCC.
Benefit-Oriented Task Offloading in UAV-Aided Mobile Edge Computing: An Approximate Solution
Authors: Gao Yu , Tao Jun , Wang Haotian , Wang Zuyan , Zou Dikai , Xu Yifan
Published: May 2022

Recently, adopting UAVs equipped with the edge computing platform to provide computing service has been considered as a promising approach for resource-limited devices in mobile edge computing (MEC). Unfortunately, the limited resources (e.g., energy, computing and communication) of the UAV may significantly restrict its service capability, which means it has to selectively provide task offloading service to achieve the maximal benefit. In this article, aiming at optimizing the overall benefit of the UAV in a single dispatch, we propose an approximate Benefit Maximizing Task Offloading (BMTO) algorithm, which jointly considers the trajectory scheduling of the UAV and the offloading strategy of tasks. Specially, the flight path of the UAV is decomposed into several hover sites, which are selected by a benefit-cost approach. And the offloading sequence of tasks is arranged to maximize the benefit of the UAV through a surrogate function, which is proved to be a nonnegative monotone submodular function. Thus we transform the original problem into a submodular maximization problem and theoretically prove that BMTO owns an approximation ratio of 1/2(1-1/e). Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms the benchmark algorithms in terms of total benefit as well as energy efficiency ratio.