bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemetaan Pola Perlapisan Bawah Permukaan Sekitar Pantai Kolbano Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan Menggunakan Data Anomali Magnetik
Authors: Patti Jonas , Boimau Yanti , Kadek Dety Lestari Anastasia
Published: May 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan metode geomagnet untuk mengetahui struktur batuan bawah permukaan sekitar Pantai Kolbano, Desa Kolbano, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Daerah penelitian memiliki luas 1000 m2 dengan 99 titik ukur. Proses akusisi data dengan sistem looping menggunakan alat Proton Prosession Magnetometer (PPM) tipe GSM-19T. Data yang diperoleh di lapangan berupa nilai medan magnet total. Penentuan posisi titik ukur menggunakan Global Positioning Sistem (GPS). Pengolahan data diawali dengan koreksi variasi harian dan koreksi IGRF untuk mendapatkan anomali magnetik. Reduksi kontinuasi ke atas pada ketinggian 10 meter bertujuan untuk memisahkan anomali lokal dan anomali regional. Pemodelan dengan metode forward modeling menggunakan software Mag2DC for windows. Hasil interpretasi kualitatif diperoleh tiga pola anomali, yaitu anomali tinggi dengan rentang nilai 120 nT - 260 nT, anomali sedang dengan rentang nilai 100 nT - 110 nT, dan anomali rendah dengan rentang nilai 40 nT - 90 nT. Interpretasi kuantitatif menunjukan bahwa di lokasi terdapat beberapa jenis batuan, seperti batu pasir dengan suseptibilitas 1 x 10-4, 3,33 x 10-4, dan 1,657 x 10-3; batu lempung dengan suseptibilitas 5,56 x 10-4, 6,71 x 10-4, 8,57 x 10-4, 9,86 x 10-4, 1,012 x 10-3, dan 1,32 x 10-3; batu gamping dengan suseptibilitas 2,07 x 10-4, dan 2,76 x 10-4; batuan metemorf jenis slate dengan suseptibilitas 2,225 x 10-3, 1,257 x 10-2, 1,314 x 10-2, dan 1,477 x 10-2. Batuan-batuan berwarna merupakan jenis batu pasir dan batu lempung yang tergolong dalam formasi aluvium.
Pemodelan 3D Bawah Permukaan Pulau Timor Barat Berdasarkan Data Anomali Gravitasi
Authors: Bria Maria , Tanesib Jehunias L. , Tarigan Jonshon
Published: May 2023

Telah dilakukan pemodelan tiga dimensi (3D) bawah permukaan pulau Timor Barat menggunakan metode gravitasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis batuan dasar dibawah permukaan pulau Timor Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari www.bandaarcgeophysics.co.uk yang diukur langsung atau yang disurvei oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung antara 1977-1979. Data tersebut sudah dikenakan koreksi. Interpretasi dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Interpretasi kualitatif dilakukan berdasarkan model kontur anomali gravitasi bouguer lengkap pulau Timor Barat, sedangkan interpretasi kuantitatif dilakukan berdasarkan hasil pemodelan tiga dimensi (3D) pulau Timor Barat. Berdasarkan hasil interpretasi kualitatif, diperoleh variasi anomali bouguer lengkap dari -70mGal sampai 220 mGal. Nilai anomali bouguer lengkap dikelompokkanmenjadi dua yaitu anomali negatif dan anomali positif. Anomali negatif dengan nilai 0 sampai 220 mGal berada di bagian utara pulau Timor Barat. Hasil interpretasi kuantitatif pemodelan tiga dimensi (3D) tiap lapisan didapatkan beberapa jenis batuan dibawah permukaan Pulau Timor Barat yaitu batuan pasir, gamping, dolomit, sekis, kuarsa, granulit, genis, marmer, sabak, dan amfibolit. Dari keseluruhan lapisan pemodelan tiga dimensi (3D) diduga bahwa batuan dasar Pulau Timor Barat adalah batuan amfibolit yaitu batuan metamorf yang terdapat pada kedalaman 11,1 km sampai 30 km.
Analisis Keterkaitan Arus Pasang Surut dan Pasang Surut di Wilayah Perairan Laut Flores Studi Kasus Labuan Bajo dan Maumere
Authors: Waru Anastasia
Published: May 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian analisis keterkaitan arus pasang surut dan pasang surut di wilayah perairan  Laut Flores studi kasus Labuan Bajo dan Maumere. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pola arus pasang surut saat  pasang surut serta keterkaitan arus pasang surut  dan pasang surut  antara alur pelayaran Barat Surabaya dengan Labuan Bajo, Selat Capalulu dengan Maumere. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Kantor Distrik Navigasi Kelas II Kupang. Pengolahan data dengan menggunakan metode grafis dan transformasi faurier cepat (FFT) dengan software matlab untuk dianalisa gelombang arus pasang surut dan frekuensi arus  pasang surut agar dapat menentukan pola dan keterkaitan arus pasang surut dengan pasang surut. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data, pola kecepatan arus pasang surut yang terdapat di daerah penelitian adalah saat pasang aliran air menuju ke Utara, saat surut aliran air menuju ke Selatan dengan memiliki keterkaitan yaitu dipengaruhi perambatan pasang surut dari Samudera Hindia, morfologi perairan dan keadaan meteorologi. Tipe arus pasang surut dari kedua lokasi merupakan tipe arus bolak-balik atau reversing current.
Analisis Validasi Modul Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Kinesthetic, Intellectual, Visual, Auditory, dan Repetition
Authors: Jua Selestina Kostaria , Uskenat Kristina , Yuliatun Tutik
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji kelayakan modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis kinesthetic, intellectual, visual, auditory, repetition untuk mengukur keterampilan pemecahan masalah pada materi Suhu dan Kalor tingkat sekolah menengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Research and Development (R & D) dengan model prosedural. Kelayakan modul dianalisis melalui validasi materi, bahasa, kegrafisan, pembelajaran dan penyajian oleh para ahli, guru, dan teman sejawat. Pelaksanaan validasi dilakukan melalui penilaian modul menggunakan lembar penilaian validasi. Data hasil validasi dianalisis secara kuantitatif untuk mengetahui presentase dan kategori kelayakan modul. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh presentase rata-rata kelayakan modul pada aspek materi mencapai 78,82%, bahasa 81,25%, kegrafisan 95,54%, serta pembelajaran dan penyajian 87,07%. Skor rata-rata ideal 84,01% dan presentasenya lebih besar dari presentase natural cut of point. Melalui analisis data dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis kinesthetic, intellectual, visual, auditory, repetition, layak diujicobakan dalam skala kecil di sekolah.
Kajian Optimasi Rute Terpendek Menggunakan Metode Simulated Annealing untuk Distribusi Obat pada Jaringan Apotek Kimia Farma di Kota Kupang
Authors: Tani'i Fermina , Warsito Ali , Lapono Laura A.S
Published: May 2023

Telah dilakukan kajian optimasi untuk menganalisis perjalanan distributor obat pada apotek kimia Farma di kota Kupang. Optimasi menjadi sebuah persoalan komputasi sehingga dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seperti distribusi obat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simulated annealing dengan memanfaatkan perangkat lunak Matlab 2013a. Simulasi dari model yang dirancang bertujuan mencari rute terpendek proses distribusi yang memenuhi kriteria memiliki energi minimum dan keadaan cooling schedule. Visualisasi bekerja pada 9 titik apotek kimia farma di Kota Kupang yakni Apotek Kimia Farma Herewila (1), Apotek Kimia Farma Oesapa (2), Apotek Kimia Farma Ahmad Yanni (3), Apotek Kimia Farma TDM(4), Apotek Kimia Farma Naikolan (5), Apotek Kimia Farma  Lippo (6),  Apotek Kimia Farma Lalamentik (7), Apotek Kimia Farma Hatta 135 (8) dan Apotek Kimia Farma Hatta 46 (9). Pada pengujian ini model dengan simulasi didapatkan energi minimum= 1.641461 satuan, suhu= 5 satuan derajat, jarak terpendek= 0.114017543, dengan rute=1-5-7-4-2-6-3-8-9-1.
Analisis Kualitas Air Tanah Berdasarkan Parameter Fisika dan Kimia (Studi Kasus Kelurahan Oesapa Barat, Fatululi dan Oebufu)
Authors: Anam Elisabet , Maubana Wenti Marlensi , Boimau Yanti
Published: May 2023

Air merupakan kebutuhan utama bagi proses kehidupan di bumi yang akan mempengaruhi dan dipengaruhi oleh komponen lainnya. Sementara itu, air sebagai salah satu kebutuhan utama untuk menunjang kehidupan manusia memiliki resiko berupa adanya penyakit bawaan air (water borne disease). Oleh karena itu, air yang dikonsumsi harus memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Syarat kesehatan yang dimaksud meliputi syarat-syarat fisika, kimia, mikrobiologi dan radioaktifitas. Parameter yang harus diukur untuk menentukan kualitas air adalah parameter fisika dan kimia. Sumber air tanah di kelurahan Oesapa Barat, kelurahan Oebufu, kelurahan Fatululi merupakan sumber mata air yang ada di Kupang. Sumber air tanah ini digunakan oleh warga sekitar untuk berbagai keperluan termasuk keperluan air minum. kondisi fisik air dalam terbuka dan mudah dijangkau oleh masyarakat setempat maka kemungkinan aktifitas masyarakat bisa mencemari lingkungan sumber air tersebut. Melihat fenomena tersebut maka sangat penting untuk melakukan penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas air tanah dikelurahan Oesapa Barat, Oebufu, Fatululi berdasarkan analisis parameter fisika dan kimia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian deskripsi kualitatif dengan pendekatan laboratorium yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air tanah pada mata air di Kelurahan Oesapa Barat, Oebufu, dan Fataluli berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan nomor 492 tahun 2010 tentang persyaratan kualitas air minum dan peraturan menteri kesehatan Republik Indonesia nomor 32 tahun 2017 tentang standar kualitas air bersih baku mutu kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa air tanah yang berada pada tiga (3) lokasi penelitian yaitu di kelurahan Oesapa Barat, Oebufu, Fatululi layak dikonsumsi dan memenuhi syarat kesehatan yang di keluarkan pemerintah.
Does Commitment Moderate Relationship between Green Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Performance
Authors: Dr. Yasir Hayat Mughal  , Saqib Yaqoob Malik
Published: May 2023

Human resource is the backbone for success of any organization. Performance of employee depends on performance of HR department. If it hires competent professionals then performance of employees would be better. Forest sector in Pakistan was overlooked, which needs much attention because it is responsible for huge forest areas. Human resource management practices require adequate attention of researchers if Pakistan forest sector want to improve its employee’s performance. Aim of this study was to find moderating effect of organizational commitment on HRM practices and employee performance n Pakistani forest sector. Survey approach was used for collecting data through closed ended structured questionnaires from forest department employees in public sector. Total 315 questionnaires were collected back but 303 completed scales were used in the analysis. Smart PLS-SEM 3 software and SPSS 25 were used for statistical analysis. It was found that organizational commitment does act as moderator on R&S and PA only. This means that these variables are the most dominant variables in this model. This study is valuable extension of HRM practices and performance by adding commitment as moderator. This study is the first study, which targeted forest sector as no such studies were conducted on this sample and area before in Pakistan. Thus, this is valuable extension of theory of human resource management practices and employee’s commitment.
Mediating Effect of CSR on the Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Organization Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Hayat Aiman , Dr. Muhammad Imran  , Khan Muhammad Taus
Published: May 2023

The primary goal of this study was to determine whether the ethical behavior of top executives in the academic sector of DIKhan has a positive impact on employee behavior and whether corporate social responsibility has any effect on the interim. To retrieve results, a multi-method approach was used. This is a cross-sectional study. This study employed quantitative methodology. To collect primary data from academics at two universities in DIKhan, Pakistan, an adapted questionnaire was used. The findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between Ethical Leadership and Organizational Citizen Behavior, and that Corporate Social Responsibility has a significant effect on the relationship between Ethical Leadership and Organizational Citizen Behavior. Finally, the current research's conclusions will be critical for department representatives and intellectuals to conduct their institutions in accordance with the research's recommendations and conclusions.
Development of the sex industry and the spread of prostitution in advanced European civilization
Authors: Goldsmith Jemima , Brown Sarah , Robert Alice
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive sex industry typology based on primary data collected between 2020 and 2022. Contemporary sex industry typologies in Europe tend to be sector-specific or have been developed from specific disciplinary perspectives or themes (e.g. sexual health programs, income). Set within the typological context of the international sex industry, this paper seeks to address this gap. Data was obtained from online surveys, questionnaires and consultations with stakeholders including individuals currently or previously involved in selling sex, service providers/NGOs, police, local government representatives and others. The data is complemented by insights from a systematic literature search. This work aims to assist program and policy planning in the Europe context. Our method can help develop typologies in other contexts.
Rola podziału administracyjnego w kształtowaniu tożsamości terytorialnej społeczności Podlasia = The role of administrative division in determining territorial identity of Podlasie's communities
Authors: Konopski Michał ,   Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania
Published: May 2023

Territorial identity in Poland at the regional level is an ambiguous social phenomenon. Attachment to the voivodship is shared by identification with a cultural region of relict borders or non-formalized territory, delimited under individual criteria. Institutionalization of the administrative region as a result of territorial reorganization may cause emergence identification of the given community attributed to the newly created entity, while preserving emotional ties with former spatial units. This book concerns the impact of administrative borders on the modification of territorial identity based upon the case of Podlasie. The study considered changes in the course of north-eastern Poland’s borders of administrative regions from the First Republic to the present time. The main emphasis was placed on the factor of administrative reorganization of 1999 and related changes in territorial structure at regional level. While delimiting the present Podlaskie Voivodship, only the northern fragment of the historical region (1566‑1795) was included. Regarding its toponymy, discussed voivodship belongs to the most inconsistent spatial units with borders of historical regions in Poland. The overarching objective of the research was to determine the impact of administrative division on the modification of social territorial identity and perception of the cultural borderland region of north-eastern Poland with the example of Podlasie.
Teaching Global Citizenship: A Teacher Reflects on a Learning-Teaching Event and Implications for Global Citizenship Education
Authors: Kornelsen Lloyd
Published: May 2023

In narrative style, this paper looks at how a particular teaching-learning event, a meeting in 2003 between Canadian high school students and their Costa Rican host families in Pedrogosso, Costa Rica, unveils pedagogies of global citizenship. By interweaving insights obtained from scholars of education, experiences of students, and reflections by teachers, the author shows how learning for world citizenship often happens in unexpected and unscripted circumstances, when teachers are absent—although, not without responsibility.
We are all Human Beings
Authors: Lepp Friesen Helen
Published: May 2023

This article describes a teacher’s journey into prison where she delivers university writing classes. The author explores techniques and strategies that foster empowerment in prison classrooms. Based on the author’s experience and secondary research on critical pedagogy and transformative learning, she explores what it means to treat university writing students in prison like human beings and how to inspire emotionally and socially engaged learning.
The specificity of timbre expressiveness in N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov's orchestral program compositions
Authors: Romashkova Olga Nikolaevna
Published: May 2023

The subject of the study is the forms of manifestation of timbre expressiveness in the program orchestral compositions of N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov. The object of the study is the peculiarities of the composer's symphonic creativity on the example of program compositions. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results of the study can be in demand by professional musicians of various specialties and serve as a source of educational and methodological materials for general and special courses of higher and middle-level music education. The following methods were used in the study: a historical and stylistic method aimed at considering the evolutionary processes that took place in the orchestral work of N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov; a method of comparative analysis and analogy, thanks to which it was possible to identify common and distinctive features in the use of timbre expressiveness in the works of the composer of different periods of his work. The relevance of the article is connected with the little-studied issues of timbre dramaturgy and the peculiarities of instrumentation dictated by them in the symphonic scores of N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov's program compositions. In modern Russian musicology, there is an actualization of research attention to the field of studying the specifics of timbre expressiveness. Therefore, the appeal to the work of N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, as a composer-discoverer of many techniques of timbre development, seems relevant. The novelty of the research lies in the holistic coverage of issues devoted to the specifics of timbre expressiveness in the composer's program orchestral works. The peculiarities of the use of such techniques of timbre dramaturgy as timbre personification, mixing of timbres are considered from the standpoint of the manifestation of the composer's unique timbre hearing and in the context of the general stylistic trends of Russian music of the late XIX century. Conclusions: N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov's orchestral program compositions reveal a number of innovative solutions dictated by the program design. The revealed means of timbre expressiveness: the abundance of orchestral solo instruments of the woodwind group, techniques of timbre personification and timbre mixes, testify to the manifestation of the composer's unique gift — timbre hearing.
Noncovalent antibody catenation on a target surface greatly increases the antigen-binding avidity
Authors: Song Jinyeop , Jeong Bo-Seong , Kim Seong-Woo , Im Seong-Bin , Kim Seonghoon , Lai Chih-Jen , Cho Wonki , Jung Jae U , Ahn Myung-Ju , Oh Byung-Ha
Published: May 2023

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are widely used for diagnosis and therapy. Given the unique dimeric structure of IgG, we hypothesized that, by genetically fusing a homodimeric protein (catenator) to the C-terminus of IgG, reversible catenation of antibody molecules could be induced on a surface where target antigen molecules are abundant, and that it could be an effective way to greatly enhance the antigen-binding avidity. A thermodynamic simulation showed that quite low homodimerization affinity of a catenator, e.g. dissociation constant of 100 μM, can enhance nanomolar antigen-binding avidity to a picomolar level, and that the fold enhancement sharply depends on the density of the antigen. In a proof-of-concept experiment where antigen molecules are immobilized on a biosensor tip, the C-terminal fusion of a pair of weakly homodimerizing proteins to three different antibodies enhanced the antigen-binding avidity by at least 110 or 304 folds from the intrinsic binding avidity. Compared with the mother antibody, Obinutuzumab(Y101L) which targets CD20, the same antibody with fused catenators exhibited significantly enhanced binding to SU-DHL5 cells. Together, the homodimerization-induced antibody catenation would be a new powerful approach to improve antibody applications, including the detection of scarce biomarkers and targeted anticancer therapies.
A regularized stochastic configuration network based on weighted mean of vectors for regression
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhou Tao , Yang Guanci , Zhang Chenglong , Li Shaobo
Published: May 2023

The stochastic configuration network (SCN) randomly configures the input weights and biases of hidden layers under a set of inequality constraints to guarantee its universal approximation property. The SCN has demonstrated great potential for fast and efficient data modeling. However, the prediction accuracy and convergence rate of SCN are frequently impacted by the parameter settings of the model. The weighted mean of vectors (INFO) is an innovative swarm intelligence optimization algorithm, with an optimization procedure consisting of three phases: updating rule, vector combining, and a local search. This article aimed at establishing a new regularized SCN based on the weighted mean of vectors (RSCN-INFO) to optimize its parameter selection and network structure. The regularization term that combines the ridge method with the residual error feedback was introduced into the objective function in order to dynamically adjust the training parameters. Meanwhile, INFO was employed to automatically explore an appropriate four-dimensional parameter vector for RSCN. The selected parameters may lead to a compact network architecture with a faster reduction of the network residual error. Simulation results over some benchmark datasets demonstrated that the proposed RSCN-INFO showed superior performance with respect to parameter setting, fast convergence, and network compactness compared with other contrast algorithms.
A new species of Nanhsiungchelys (Testudines: Cryptodira: Nanhsiungchelyidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Nanxiong Basin, China
Authors: Ke Yuzheng , Rahman Imran A. , Song Hanchen , Hu Jinfeng , Niu Kecheng , Lou Fasheng , Li Hongwei , Han Fenglu
Published: May 2023

Nanhsiungchelyidae are a group of large turtles that lived in Asia and North America during the Cretaceous. Here we report a new species of nanhsiungchelyid, Nanhsiungchelys yangi sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous of Nanxiong Basin, China. The specimen consists of a well-preserved skull and lower jaw, as well as the anterior parts of the carapace and plastron. The diagnostic features of Nanhsiungchelys include a large entire carapace length (∼55.5 cm), a network of sculptures consisting of pits and ridges on the surface of the skull and shell, shallow cheek emargination and temporal emargination, deep nuchal emargination, and a pair of anterolateral processes on the carapace. However, Nanhsiungchelys yangi differs from the other species of Nanhsiungchelys mainly in having a triangular-shaped snout (in dorsal view) and wide anterolateral processes on the carapace. Additionally, some other characteristics (e.g., the premaxilla is higher than wide, the maxilla is unseen in dorsal views, a small portion of the maxilla extends posterior and ventral of the orbit, and the parietal is bigger than the frontal) are strong evidence to distinguish Nanhsiungchelys yangi from Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis. A phylogenetic analysis of nanhsiungchelyids places Nanhsiungchelys yangi and Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis as sister taxa. Nanhsiungchelys yangi and some other nanhsiungchelyids bear distinct anterolateral processes on the carapace, which have not been reported in any extant turtles and may have played a role in protecting the head. The Nanxiong Basin was extremely hot during the Late Cretaceous, and so we suggest that nanhsiungchelyids might have immersed themselves in mud or water to avoid the heat, similar to some extant tortoises. If they were capable of swimming, our computer simulations of fluid flow suggest the anterolateral processes could have reduced drag during locomotion.
Design Thinking and Innovation in the Informal Industries in Kenya
Authors: Oringo James Odhiambo , Ndegwa Priscilla
Published: May 2023

In the recent past there have been calls to have Kenyan products labeled ‘Made in Kenya’. By doing so, the proponents believe that products ‘Made in Kenya’ will flock the local stores and even find their way to the foreign markets, thereby making Kenya proud of itself as well as earning the much-needed foreign exchange. While ‘Made in Kenya’ labeled products would be a great step forward to Kenya’s economic wellbeing, showcase talents and skills of the youth and a boost to its image in the global market, the low technology predominantly used in Kenya and lack of design thinking, still remain the greatest impediment to innovation. Using low technology in manufacturing usually results in high production costs and lack of capacity to launch mass production in response to acute increase in market demands. For example, the informal manufacturing sector in Kenya commonly referred to as Jua Kali, is a collection of semi-organized, unregulated, smaller ventures that employ a large number of people and rely on low-level technologies. A significant amount of industrial output is devoted to meeting basic requirements, such as the provision of low-cost consumer goods and services. Wood and furniture, metal products, glass and pottery, clothes, and leather are all produced in this industry. The lack of design thinking and low-level technology used in the production process obviously results in more man-hour on each unit produced, yet this is rarely considered on the final price of the product. The prices to a large scale, are usually concerned with the cost of materials without considering other hidden costs. The drive is to make the products affordable to low-income consumers, in order to satisfy the traders’ basic needs. In a wider perspective, this study focused on the application of design thinking and its impact on innovations in the informal industries in Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to establish; the application of design thinking as a system of feasibility to increase innovation in the informal industries in Kenya, the application of design thinking as a system of desirability to increase innovation in the informal industries in Kenya and its impact on the innovation in the informal industries in Kenya, as well as the application of design thinking as a system of viability to increase innovation in the informal industries in Kenya. This study reviewed secondary sources and investigations others have previously conducted in relation to the title of the study. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze data. The process of analysis began with the development of the research questions, then the identification of the dataset, and thorough evaluation of the dataset. Our findings deepen the current understanding about policy innovation and technological intervention in the informal industries in Kenya. The findings could also benefit the Government of Kenya, Kenya Association of Manufacturers and Juakali Associations, in terms of policy formulation and enhancement of sector performance.
Prevalence of Treponema pallidium amongst Students of Delta State University, South-South Nigeria
Authors: Oghenemaro Enwa Felix , Chinedu Okolugbo Bernard , Akpevwe Egberi
Published: May 2023

Objective: Infection due to Treponema pallidum (syphilis) is a major challenge and continues to be a public health problem around the world. It is a bacterial infection transmitted commonly through sexual contact, blood and also through mother-to-child (vertical). A cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of syphilis among students of Delta State University, Abraka was carried out between September 2022 and January 2023.

Method: Data and blood samples were collected randomly from 500 participants from the various faculties of the University. Blood samples were collected in EDTA bottles following aseptic techniques and subsequently screened for syphilis using the rapid test (RT) method.

Results: Of the 500 samples screened, 143 were positive for T. pallidium giving an overall prevalence of 48.6%. Students from the faculty of science recorded the highest prevalence of 68%, this was followed by students from the faculty of Arts (33%) while students from the faculty of Basic Medical Sciences recorded the least prevalence of 15%.  This difference in prevalence among the faculties was statistically insignificant (P=0.695). Overall, a higher prevalence (40.4%) was recorded for males than females (16.8%) (P=1.24). The highest prevalence of 42% was recorded among males from the faculty of science while the lowest was recorded among females from the faculty of Education. The difference in prevalence among genders in the various faculties when compared was not statistically significant (P=0.201). 

Conclusion: This study has revealed a relatively high level of infection with syphilis (T. palladium) among students of Delta State University Abraka and should be a concern. There is therefore a dire need for proper enlightenment on this disease and behavioural change among this vulnerable population.
Use of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Among US Youth
Authors: Messiah Sarah E. , Xie Luyu , de la Cruz-Muñoz Nestor , Lipshultz Steven E.
Published: May 2023

This cohort study compares trends in use of metabolic and bariatric surgery among US youth and adults before and after publication of a 2019 American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement on access to such surgery.
Microstructural Inhomogeneity and Mechanical Properties of Ti–6.4Al–3.3Mo–1.6Zr–0.2Si Alloy Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition
Authors: Yang Bingyu , Yang Huajie , Cai Zhihai , Ben Dandan , Liu Jun , Shao Xiaohong , Zhang Peng , Zhang Zhefeng
Published: May 2023

Laser metal deposition (LMD) additive manufacturing has gained growing interest in the aerospace industry. Herein, a Ti–6.4Al–3.3Mo–1.6Zr–0.2Si (TC11) titanium alloy is produced by LMD. The inhomogeneity of multiscale grain morphology and mechanical properties are systematically investigated. The results indicate that the melting pool (MP) morphology can be divided into three areas: melting pool center (MPC), melting pool boundary (MPB), and heat‐affected zone (HAZ), respectively. The widths of α laths in MPB are larger than that in HAZ and MPC, which result in a lower microhardness in MPB than that in MPC. Besides, the columnar grains are generally distributed along the deposition direction. The average widths of the α laths in the top and bottom MPC regions are about 0.58 and 0.67 μm, respectively. Correspondingly, the ultimate tensile strength and fracture elongation of the top and bottom samples are 1,053.5 MPa, 16.7%, and 1,011.5 MPa, 20.7%, respectively, which suggest the inhomogeneity of mechanical properties. The initiation fracture sites of both the top and bottom samples are presumed to be the α lath inside the MPB according to stress distribution analysis. The formation mechanisms of inhomogeneous grain structures and their influences on mechanical performance are also discussed.
Polyethylene Based Ionomers as High Voltage Insulation Materials
Authors: D'Auria Silvia , Pourrahimi Amir Masoud , Favero Alessia , Neuteboom Peter , Xu Xiangdong , Haraguchi Shuichi , Bek Marko , Kádár Roland , Dalcanale Enrico , Pinalli Roberta , Müller Christian , Vachon Jérôme
Published: May 2023

Polyethylene based ionomers are demonstrated to feature a thermo‐mechanical and dielectric property portfolio that is comparable to cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE), which may enable the design of more sustainable high voltage direct‐current (HVDC) power cables, a crucial component of future electricity grids that seamlessly integrate renewable sources of energy. A new type of ionomer is obtained via high‐pressure/high‐temperature free radical copolymerization of ethylene in the presence of small amounts of ion‐pair comonomers comprising amine terminated methacrylates and methacrylic acid. The synthesized ionomers feature a crystallinity, melting temperature, rubber plateau modulus and thermal conductivity like XLPE but remain melt‐processable. Moreover, the preparation of the ionomers is free of byproducts, which readily yields a highly insulating material with a low dielectric loss tangent and a low direct‐current (DC) electrical conductivity of 1 to 6·10−14 S m−1 at 70 °C and an electric field of 30 kV mm−1. Evidently, the investigated ionomers represent a promising alternative to XLPE‐based high voltage insulation, which may permit to ease the production as well as end‐of‐use recycling of HVDC power cables by combining the advantages of thermoset and thermoplastic materials while avoiding the formation of byproducts.
3D Prestress Bioprinting of Directed Tissues
Authors: Li Yuanrong , Wu Jianguo , He Chuanjiang , He Honghui , Xie Mingjun , Yao Ke , He Jing , Duan Yan , Zhaung Liujing , Wang Ping , He Yong
Published: May 2023

Many mammalian tissues adopt a specific cellular arrangement under stress stimulus that enables their unique function. However, conventional 3D encapsulation often fails to recapitulate the complexities of these arrangements, thus motivating the need for advanced cellular arrangement approaches. Here, an original 3D prestress bioprinting approach of directed tissues under the synergistic effect of static sustained tensile stress and molecular chain orientation, with an aid of slow crosslinking in bioink, is developed. The semi‐crosslinking state of the designed bioink exhibits excellent elasticity for applying stress on the cells during the sewing‐like process. After bioprinting, the bioink gradually forms complete crosslinking and keeps the applied stress force to induce cell‐orientated growth. More importantly, multiple cell types can be arranged directionally by this approach, while the internal stress of the hydrogel filament is also adjustable. In addition, compared with conventional bioprinted skin, the 3D prestress bioprinted skin results in a better wound healing effect due to promoting the angiogenesis of granulation tissue. This study provides a prospective strategy to engineer skeletal muscles, as well as tendons, ligaments, vascular networks, or combinations thereof in the future.
Fundamentals of Skin Bioimpedances
Authors: Lo Presti Andrea , Montoya Nerio Andrés , Criscuolo Valeria , Khan Gulaly , Khan Usman , Vecchione Raffaele , Falconi Christian
Published: May 2023

The bioimpedances of tissues beyond the stratum corneum, which is the outermost layer of skin, contain crucial clinical information. Nevertheless, bioimpedance measurements of both the viable skin and the adipose tissue are not widely used, mainly because of the complex multilayered skin structure and the electrically insulating nature of the stratum corneum. Here, a theoretical framework is established for analyzing the impedances of multilayered tissues and, in particular, of skin. Then, strategies are determined for the system‐level design of electrodes and electronics, which minimize 4‐wire (or tetrapolar) measurement errors even in the presence of a top insulating tissue, thus enabling non‐invasive characterizations of tissues beyond the stratum corneum. As an example, non‐invasive measurements of bioimpedances of living tissues are demonstrated in the presence of parasitic impedances which are much (e.g., up to 350 times) higher than the bioimpedances of the living tissues beyond the stratum corneum, independently on extreme variations of the barrier (tape stripping) or of the skin–electrode contact impedances (sweat). The results can advance the development of bioimpedance systems for the characterization of viable skin and adipose tissues in several applications, including transdermal drug delivery and the assessment of skin cancer, obesity, dehydration, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular risk, and multipotent adult stem cells.
A Personalized Cancer Vaccine that Induces Synergistic Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses
Authors: Kuen Da‐Sol , Hong Jihye , Lee Suyoung , Koh Choong‐Hyun , Kwak Minkyeong , Kim Byung‐Seok , Jung Mungyo , Kim Yoon‐Joo , Cho Byung‐Sik , Kim Byung‐Soo , Chung Yeonseok
Published: May 2023

To demonstrate potent efficacy, a cancer vaccine needs to activate both innate and adaptive immune cells. Personalized cancer vaccine strategies often require the identification of patient‐specific neoantigens; however, the clonal and mutational heterogeneity of cancer cells presents inherent challenges. Here, extracellular nanovesicles derived from alpha‐galactosylceramide‐conjugated autologous acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells (ECNV‐αGC) are presented as a personalized therapeutic vaccine that activates both innate and adaptive immune responses, bypassing the need to identify patient‐specific neoantigens. ECNV‐αGC vaccination directly engages with and activates both invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and leukemia‐specific CD8+ T cells in mice with AML, thereby promoting long‐term anti‐leukemic immune memory. ECNV‐αGC sufficiently serves as an antigen‐presenting platform that can directly activate antigen‐specific CD8+ T cells even in the absence of dendritic cells, thereby demonstrating a multifaceted cellular mechanism of immune activation. Moreover, ECNV‐αGC vaccination results in a significantly lower AML burden and higher percentage of leukemia‐free survivors among cytarabine‐treated hosts with AML. Human AML‐derived ECNV‐αGCs activate iNKT cells in both healthy individuals and patients with AML regardless of responsiveness to conventional therapies. Together, autologous AML‐derived ECNV‐αGCs may be a promising personalized therapeutic vaccine that efficiently establishes AML‐specific long‐term immunity without requiring the identification of neoantigens.
Template‐Assisted Fabrication of Flexible Perovskite Scintillators for X‐Ray Detection and Imaging
Authors: Li Yuwei , Xu Yalun , Yang Yujie , Jia Zhenglin , Tang Haitao , Patel Jay B. , Lin Qianqian
Published: May 2023

Metal halide perovskites have recently emerged as exceptional scintillator materials for ionizing radiation detection devices. Their chemical composition consists of elements with high atomic numbers, leading them to have a high attenuation coefficient. Their high attenuation coefficient, in combination with their excellent optoelectronic properties, versatile chemical tunability, and facile and low‐cost fabrication processes, makes them the ideal scintillator material. However, existing perovskite‐based scintillators suffer from poor material stability, especially in humid atmospheres. Moreover, current perovskite films have morphologies that have been optimized for photovoltaics, which results in the relatively long charge carrier lifetimes, a property that is detrimental for fast scintillation. Furthermore, existing reports of perovskite‐based scintillators have shown limited spatial resolution due to poor light transmittance that arises from light scattering from large aggregates of perovskite grains. To address these issues, this work introduces a template‐assisted in situ polymerization‐based process to prepare perovskite/polymer composite scintillators that simultaneously reduces afterglow effects, improves perovskite stability, and is industrially scalable. The optimized perovskite scintillators are then incorporated into X‐ray detection devices to investigate detection performance and device stability. Compared with existing commercial scintillators, the perovskite scintillators show superior detection performance metrics for imaging, indicating the great potential of perovskites for next‐generation, large‐area, and flexible scintillation screens.
Magneto‐Mechano‐Electric Antenna for Portable VLF Transmission
Authors: Wu Hanzhou , Jiang Tao , Liu Zhen , Fu Shifeng , Cheng Jiawei , You Haoran , Jiao Jie , Bichurin Mirza , Sokolov Oleg , Ivanov Sergey , Wang Yaojin
Published: May 2023

Wireless communication has always been an indispensable element in the modern information‐based society. Beyond the commercial electrical antenna, very low frequency (VLF) mechanical antennas have recently become research hotspot since their combination of miniaturization and favorable radiation efficiency in lossy electrically conductive environments. However, their usage is challenged due to the relatively limited radiation capability and modulation bandwidth. This study demonstrates an improved high‐efficiency magnetoelectric (ME) mechanical antenna based on the magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) effect, realized via the synergistic effect of piezo‐driven magnets motion and converse magnetoelectricity (ME). Converse ME coefficient and radiation measurement show that the MME antenna demonstrates superior performance over a normal ME antenna. The oscillation magnet serves as an extra vibrating magnetic dipole besides the ME composite and thus brings radiation enhancement to the mechanical antenna. Furthermore, digital signal modulations are conducted with a VLF carrier signal to enable anti‐interference and anti‐attenuation communication. In view of the exemplary demonstration, the MME effect‐based antenna is expected to provide a new strategy for mechanical antenna improvement and shows tremendous potential for conductive environments communication applications.
Festuca sp. interfere with germination and early growth of three weeds
Authors: Hahn Daniel , Leinauer Bernhard , Bastiaans Lammert , VanLeeuwen Dawn M.
Published: May 2023

Herbicide restrictions require alternative strategies for turfgrass weed control. This growth chamber study investigated the interference of 27 Festuca cultivars selected from five Festuca species using white clover (Trifolium repens L.), lawn daisy (Bellis perennis L.), and yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) as indicator species. At 13 days after sowing (DAS), 20 weed seeds were placed in between 60 grass seeds. Lawn daisy was highly sensitive to the presence of all grasses, and results are not presented. Festuca species or individual cultivars did not affect the germination percentage and mean germination period of white clover and yarrow. The presence of tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort., nom. cons.]) species reduced white clover root length by 71.6% and slender creeping red fescue [Festuca rubra L. ssp. littoralis (G.Mey.) Auquier] by 44.5% at 30 DAS. Within cultivars, reductions of white clover roots ranged from 81.7% (Regenerate) to 24.8% (Cathrine). Root length for yarrow was reduced by an average of 75% with no difference among Festuca species. Cultivar effects ranged from 91.8% for Barcesar to 62.9% for Samanta. For both white clover and yarrow, negative correlations were determined between Festuca biomass and the root length of both weeds: −0.241*** (white clover) and yarrow −0.168* (yarrow). Such a relationship suggests that part of the inhibiting effect can be directly attributed to Festuca biomass. We conclude that differences in interference potential between cultivars within species are as important as differences between species. White clover appeared to be the most discriminative species for growth interference studies with Festuca.
Acute myocardial infarctions identified in the Manitoba Occupational Disease Surveillance System: A linkage of worker's compensation and provincial health data
Authors: Kraut Allen , Peters Cheryl E. , Rydz Ela , Walld Randy
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to identify jobs and industries that may be associated with increased or decreased risk of myocardial infarction.

Methods

We linked provincial health care data with Workers Compensation Board (WCB) of Manitoba claims data to create the Manitoba Occupational Disease Surveillance System (MODSS). Workers were eligible for inclusion in this study if their WCB claim listed an occupation, their claim could be linked to health data, they had an accepted non‐acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compensation time loss claim and were free of a recent (<1 year) AMI diagnosis at the start of disease follow‐up. AMI cases were identified as the most‐responsible diagnosis in the hospitalization file (ICD‐9 410 or ICD‐10 I20). Cases were included if they occurred after the WCB record injury date until end of coverage, either through moving out of province, reaching age 65, death, or the end of the study period (March 1, 2020).

Results

We identified 1880 incident AMIs amongst 150,022 claims recorded in the MODSS (1.25%). A number of industries and occupations were found to have higher and lower AMI rates. Care providers and educational, legal, and public protection support occupations had a lower hazard ratio (HR; 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–0.92) compared to the overall cohort. Female chefs and cooks, and male butchers and bakers had elevated AMI HRs. Both male and female transport and heavy equipment operators and related maintenance occupations had increased HRs (1.48; 95% CI: 1.30–1.67). Often male and female workers employed in the same occupations had congruent AMI risks, but this was not always the case.

Conclusions

The linkage of a WCB data set with provincial health claims data led to the identification of a number of occupations with elevated risks of AMI in Manitoba. This was most notable in the transportation industry. Identifying work areas with increased risk of AMIs could lead to targeted educational efforts and potential workplace modifications to lower this risk.
Blood tau‐PT217 contributes to the anesthesia/surgery‐induced delirium‐like behavior in aged mice
Authors: Lu Jing , Liang Feng , Bai Ping , Liu Chenghao , Xu Miao , Sun Zhengwang , Tian Wenjie , Dong Yuanlin , Zhang Yiying , Quan Qimin , Khatri Ashok , Shen Yuan , Marcantonio Edward , Crosby Gregory , Culley Deborah J. , Wang Changning , Yang Guang , Xie Zhongcong
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION

Blood phosphorylated tau at threonine 217 (tau‐PT217) is a newly established biomarker for Alzheimer's disease and postoperative delirium in patients. However, the mechanisms and consequences of acute changes in blood tau‐PT217 remain largely unknown.

METHODS

We investigated the effects of anesthesia/surgery on blood tau‐PT217 in aged mice, and evaluated the associated changes in B cell populations, neuronal excitability in anterior cingulate cortex, and delirium‐like behavior using positron emission tomography imaging, nanoneedle technology, flow cytometry, electrophysiology, and behavioral tests.

RESULTS

Anesthesia/surgery induced acute increases in blood tau‐PT217 via enhanced generation in the lungs and release from B cells. Tau‐PT217 might cross the blood–brain barrier, increasing neuronal excitability and inducing delirium‐like behavior. B cell transfer and WS635, a mitochondrial function enhancer, mitigated the anesthesia/surgery‐induced changes.

DISCUSSION

Acute increases in blood tau‐PT217 may contribute to brain dysfunction and postoperative delirium. Targeting B cells or mitochondrial function may have therapeutic potential for preventing or treating these conditions.