bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Escherichia Coli at Tertiary Care Hospital, Islamabad
Authors: Ammar Mehfooz  , Iqra Shaukat  , Qurat ul Ain  , Shahzeera Begum  , Mahe-Kamil Qureshi Hashmi  , Maryam Khalid
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objectives of this study are; 1. To comprehensively investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli, focusing on its virulence factors to understand its pathogenicity and address the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance.

2. To assess the prevalence of citrate and TSI in E. coli isolated from urine to evaluate the impact of antibiotics according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2023) guidelines.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Study Place: Tertiary Care Hospital, Al Nafees Medical Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Study Duration: March 2023 to October 2023.

Methodology: Informed consent was obtained from the microbiology lab of Al Nafees Medical College. The study utilized biochemical tests, including citrate and TSI, for identification and differentiation of E. coli based on metabolic characteristics. A total of 50 urine samples were collected for isolation and identification of E. coli. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique was employed to determine antibiotic susceptibility, identifying nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin as the most effective choices for bacterial infections.

Results: Antibiotic efficacy assessments revealed nitrofurantoin as notably effective, surpassing other antibiotics according to CLSI guidelines. In contrast, ciprofloxacin demonstrated the lowest efficacy among the tested antibiotics. The research highlights the importance of judicious antibiotic selection for optimal therapeutic outcomes in clinical settings, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and optimization of antibiotic treatment strategies.
Efficacy of different Plant Extracts and Spinetoram (Radiant) Against Red Flour Beetle (Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
Authors: Habib-Ur- Rehman  , Ashiq Saleem  , Bibi Sadia  , Ijaz Ahmad  , Muhammad Waqas  , Imran Qazi  , Yusra kareem  , Aftab Ahmad  , Imtiaz Khan
Published: December 2024

Agriculture commodities infested by insect pest are being controlled by various methodologies for countering their drastic affects. One of the earliest methods is the use of insecticide against red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) insects have developed resistance against these insecticides, there for in the present research we were examine the mortality effect of two plants extracts (kaniar and shahtra) and spinetoram (radiant) against red flour beetle to compare the efficacy of these insecticide. The lethal effect of kaniar, shahtra and spinetoram were be evaluated using 6 concentrations 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 with 3 replications. The filter paper was used for bioassay evaluating the mortality after 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Statistical analysis was carried out for (ANOVA) using statistics 8 software. Mean of significant treatments were compared using Tukey HSD test. Mortality analysis showed that highest mortality was observed in case of spinetoram (radiant) (97%) at 150 ppm after 96-hour exposure following the plant extract Kaniar (70%) at 15% concentration after 96-hour exposure and shahtra (57%) at 15% concentration after 96-hour exposure, high repelancy was obtained by the plant extract, Shahtra (100%) after 60 minutes exposure followed by Kaniar (93%) after 60 min exposure. The results concluded that both the plants are highly effective than the insecticide against Tribolium castaneum and they can be safely used against stored product pests in commodities to conserve the food grains for future use without residual effects and other side effects related to health and food quality.
Morphological and Variability Assessment of (F7) Wheat Lines Under Normal and Rainfed Conditions
Authors: Khayyam Aziz  , Abdur Rauf  , Yaseen  , Muhammad Ismail Zaib  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Amna Naz  , Beena  , Arzoo Alam  , Asama  , Khilwat Afridi  , Haleema Bibi  , Asim Ur Rahman  , Zakirullah  , Zaryab Aziz  , Ikramullah Khan  , Gulena Khan  , Qayash Khan
Published: December 2024

A field trial was performed to identify the potential genotypes in 100 wheat lines (96 F7 fixed lines and 4 controls) for yield and yield-associated traits in an augmented design under irrigated and rainfed conditions. These lines/genotypes were analyzed for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, grain per spike, thousand-grain weight and grain yield. The wheat genotypes showed a significant G×E for all the traits across irrigated and rainfed conditions. The evaluation of variances revealed significant differences among the wheat genotypes for the evaluated morphological traits. According to the findings of the present experiment genotype, the CCRIG7-82 showed the best performance in grain yield under normal conditions. However, wheat lines CCRIG7-1 surpassed all other genotypes in grain yield under rainfed conditions. Furthermore, wheat genotypes CCRIG7-1 showed stability of the traits i.e. days to maturity in both environments i.e. (irrigated and rainfed conditions). Different drought tolerance indices were evaluated for grain yield under rainfed (Ys) and irrigated (Yp) conditions. The stress tolerance (TOL) index identified CCR1G7-82 (8100 Kg ha-1), as the most tolerant, whereas, based on mean productivity, CCR1G7-59 and CCR1G7-60 (5900 Kg ha-1), were tolerant. Similarly, the geometric mean productivity (GMP) identified genotypes CCR1G7-60 (5246 Kg ha-1), as the best tolerant. In the same way, CCR1G7-85 (4716 Kg ha-1) were identified as tolerant genotypes based on harmonic mean (HM). Stress susceptibility index (SSI), grouped genotypes CCR1G7-64 (0.07), were stress tolerant. Stress tolerance index (STI) clustered genotypes CCR1G7-60 (5.87), as the most tolerant, while yield index (YI) ranked genotypes CCR1G7-76, CCR1G7-85 (1.71), as the most tolerant. The yield stability index (YSI) desirable genotypes were CCR1G7-64 (0.90) and were noted as drought tolerance genotypes in stressed conditions
ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СТРОЕНИЕ И УСЛОВИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ НЕФТЕБИТУМОНАСЫЩЕННЫХ ПОРОД ПАЛЕОГЕНА ПЛОЩАДИ ШЕРАБАД СУРХАНДАРЬИНСКОЙ ВПАДИНЫ
Authors: Шоймуротов Туйчи Халикулович , Жураев Фазлиддин Очилхонович , Юсупов Шухрат Комилугли
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the geological structure, structural and tectonic features, lithological and stratigraphic characteristics, material composition and conditions of formation of the newly identified Sherabad bitumen occurrence of the Surkhandarya megasyncline. The bitumen occurrence is characterized by a complex structural relationship of the main Mesozoic-Cenozoic oil and gas complexes, and a wide distribution of thrust tectonics. Based on a comprehensive study of the Sherabad bitumen occurrence , the occurrence, conditions of formation and placement of natural bitumen deposits, as well as their genetic types, were determined . Within the study area, the following Bitumen manifestations are predominantly oil-bitumen-saturated rocks consisting of malt and asphalt.
TOSHKENT SHAHRI HAVOSINING 2019-2023-YILLAR DAVOMIDA PM2,5 VA PM10 MAYDA DISPERS ZARRALAR BILAN IFLOSLANISH HOLATINING TAHLILI
Authors: Nosirov Nozimbek Bekzodo‘g‘li , Samiyev Luqmon Nayimovich
Published: December 2024

Tashkent city is the capital of our country and a rapidly developing large city. Along with the growth of the city’s economy and population, the level of air pollution is also increasing. PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter are indicators of air pollution. This article analyzes the level of pollution in Tashkent city from PM2.5 and PM10, examines its causes and negative effects. The dynamics of change was statistically analyzed based on the Mann-Kendal Test. According to the trend test results, significant changes were found for PM2.5 in 2019 (Z=2.21), in 2020 (Z=2.11), in 2021 (Z=3.63), in 2022 (Z=2.31), and in 2023 (Z=3.21), with similar results for PM10 (Z=2.02) and NO2 (Z=2.26). Based on these results, necessary conclusions were drawn for future atmospheric air monitoring.
Factors Influencing Consumers Attitudes towards Online Shopping: Case Study E-Commerce in Mogadishu Somalia
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed
Published: December 2024

The role of the internet, in particular, of electronic commerce web sites, has been recognized as a marketing tool for attracting and maintaining customers. Online shopping is defined as the process a customer takes to purchase a service or product over the internet while attitude toward the behavior is defined as the individual’s positive or negative feelings about performing a behavior.The purpose: of this study is to conduct to establish Factors influencing consumers Attitudes towards online Shopping Ecommerce organizations in Mogadishu Somalia. through online shopping as an alternative to visiting the physical shop.Methodology: The study followed descriptive correlational design using questionnaire to collect data with a sample of 100 respondents. The sampling technique of the study is non-probability sampling. The researchers selected this sampling technique because it gives the opportunity to choose the member target population who provides an accurate information.Findings: The researchers found that when consumers attitudes toward online shopping have a level of probability which It can increase or decrease online shopping depending the direction of the relations which is positive relationship.
The Role of Deep Learning in Healthcare: A Short Review
Authors: Nazar Naeema
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to analyze the need for the deep learning approach and itsexisting use cases in medicine, providing an overview of methodologies that are being utilizedin current studies, utilizing various approaches in diagnoses and treatment, and identifyingthe existing trends and research that are being implemented at present. It points to howdeep learning is also applied to result in increased diagnostic performance, better prognosisof patient prognosis, and customization of therapeutic approaches. With regard to theseaspects, the paper is intended to provide an overview of and how deep learning is being usedto revolutionize the healthcare field and discuss possible scenarios for further developmentof the approaches and methods used in order to meet the maximum potential and overcomeexisting problems.
Sustainability in the Portuguese agricultural sector: Assessment and multicriteria approach
Authors: Marta-Costa Ana
Published: December 2024

Based on data available between 2016 and 2021 from the Portuguese FADN, fifteen sustainable indicators were measured, and a compromise programming model was designed to balance environmental and economic objectives, that reveal a conflict between them. The findings identified solutions dominated by dried fruits, olive trees, sheep and goats, extensive horticulture, and beef cattle for sustainable farming planning at the national level. We conclude that the complementary between these two approaches constitute an important instrument for supporting decision-making and developing public policies focused on current sustainability paradigms.
Las políticas públicas agrarias colombianas frente a las particularidades de las unidades productivas agrícolas: El caso de la hortofruticultura del Departamento de Antioquia
Authors: Salamanca Sanjuanes Hernán Alonso , Ortiz-Miranda Dionisio , Moreno-Pérez Olga María , Cleves-Leguizamo José Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Se caracterizaron y tipificaron las Unidades Productivas Agrícolas-UPA hortofrutícolas en Antioquia, utilizando las características tenidas en cuenta por las políticas, para plantear elementos que contribuyan a una formulación e implementación de política pública diferenciada que atienda las categorías de la tipificación y de acuerdo con su situación particular, en términos de capacidades y limitaciones. Se conformaron índices temáticos; que posteriormente se ponderaron cuantitativamente y fueron utilizados para realizar la clusterización con el método de agrupación K-means determinándose 6 clústeres, las características de cada uno fueron analizadas para realizar recomendaciones que mejoren el proceso de implementación de política pública sectorial.
La revisión palimpsestuosa de la actuación de Ira Aldridge como Otelo en Red Velvet , de Lolita Chakrabarti
Authors: Fernández-Caparrós Turina Ana
Published: December 2024

El debut de Lolita Chakrabarti como dramaturga en Red Velvet es considerado como una de las revisiones contemporáneas más exitosas y sofisticadas de la historia tanto del teatro victoriano como de la representación teatral de Shakespeare. La obra es una revisión de la vida del actor norteamericano Ira Aldridge (1807-1867), el primer actor clásico negro que consiguió la distinción como intérprete de Shakespeare en los escenarios británicos y continentales. La obra se centra en su efímero debut como Otelo en el Theatre Royal Covent Garden en 1833. Este artículo analiza las estrategias metateatrales de la obra y el diálogo con las prácticas autorreferenciales del significado teatral para proponer una lectura crítica  que subraye la forma abiertamente palimpséstica de la obra y las complejidades de sus palimpsestuosos compromisos intertextuales. Se centra, en particular, en su tratamiento de las tradiciones interpretativas de Otelo para imaginar la actuación de Aldridge del héroe trágico como moderna, poco convencional y avanzada a su tiempo.
Russian discourse markers that highlight the truth of the statements: a corpus-based semantic analysis
Authors: Cotta Ramusino Paola , Dobrovol’skij Dmitrij , Pöppel Ludmila
Published: December 2024

This research analyzes and compares two near-synonymous Russian discourse markers, čto ni govori (‘whatever you say’) and i pravda (‘truly’), both used to verify the truthfulness of statements within their contexts. Despite their crucial role in communication, their analysis remains incomplete. Using data from monolingual and parallel corpora in the Russian National Corpus (RNC) and Sketch Engine, we identified the unique features of these discourse markers, highlighting both their similarities and differences. Our findings reveal distinctions in their usage across various discourse modes (dialogue, questions, and monologues), the presuppositions they carry, their positioning within statements, and their combinatorial properties.
Legal regulation in the field of intellectual property as a factor in the growth or inhibition of the development of technological entrepreneurship
Authors: Akhmadova Maryam Abdurakhmanovna
Published: December 2024

The subject of the research in this article is the improvement of the legal regulation of intellectual property in order to ensure breakthrough scientific and technological development by stimulating the development of technological entrepreneurship in the context of the transition of the Russian economy to an innovative path of development. The share of intellectual property in the global economy is growing rapidly and, according to experts, by 2030 it will approach 30% of global GDP. This determines the need for optimal legal regulation of the field of intellectual property, designed to "create" business interest in increasing its knowledge intensity indicators and taking into account new political and economic realities. The focus of the author's attention is also on issues related to the difficulties of commercialization of intellectual property objects under legal protection, the tools developed and implemented by the regulator in order to find a balanced legal regulation of the sphere of legal relations under study are considered. The novelty of the research lies in the formulation of the problem, approaches to its study. The author concludes that in conditions of ensuring technological sovereignty and building an innovative economy, one of the strategic tasks of the state is to stimulate business to create, protect and introduce intellectual property objects into civil circulation. Relevant state authorities are implementing appropriate measures, expressed in conducting legal experiments, pilots to test new or significantly improved mechanisms to stimulate the commercialization of intellectual property results. The author notes that this process should also be reflected in the modernization of the regulatory legal framework, the prerequisites for this are, among other things, the results of the approbation of a legal experiment on complex expert and analytical support of developments from the planning stage to the release of innovative products.
Avocado Peel Polyphenolic-Rich Extract Attenuates Inflammatory Responses in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Eidangbe George O. , Oluba Olarewaju M.
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study sought to assess the effects of polyphenolic-rich extract of the peel of Persea americana (avocado) (APPE) on inflammatory responses in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Methodology: A total of 35 alloxan-induced diabetic male rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7) and designated: Diabetic Control (DC), and groups receiving 25 (APPE25), 50 (APPE50), 100 (APPE100), and 200 (APPE200) mg/kg of APPE. In addition, a normal control (NC) treated with distilled water was maintained. Treatment was administered orally once daily for 21 days.
Results: After 21 days, the APPE-treated rats, particularly at 200 mg/kg, exhibited significant (p<0.05) improvements in both body weight and blood glucose levels compared with DC group. Significant (p<0.05) reductions in glycated hemoglobin (GLH), interleukins-1 (IL-1), and (interleukin-6 IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were observed in the APPE-treated rats compared with DC. In contrast, the APPE-treated rats exhibited significant (p<0.05) improvement in insulin and interleukin-10 levels compared with DC rats. Furthermore, DC and APPE25 and APPE50 showed varying degrees of interfacial hepatitis and glomerulosclerosis. Nevertheless, treatment with APPE200 exhibited protection against the detrimental impact of diabetes mellitus on the liver and kidney in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Conclusion: Avocado peel polyphenolic-rich extract at 200 mg/kg body weight effectively inhibited low-grade inflammation induced by oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys of rats exposed to alloxan.
Enhancing Class X Students’ Learning in Geography through Collaborative Approach
Authors: Wangdi Namkha , Wangmo Yeshi , Penjor  , Tshering Kinley
Published: December 2024

Collaborative learning is a dynamic and effective instructional strategy that promotes student learning through structured group activities in the classroom. This study examined the effectiveness of collaborative learning in improving the academic performance of 65 Class X geography students. A mixed-methods research design was employed, involving the collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data. Data analysis was conducted using statistical software, including Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The findings revealed a notable decline in the failure rate among students after the implementation of collaborative learning interventions. The pre-test results indicated that 35 out of 65 students failed, while the post-test results showed a reduction to 19 failures. These results suggest that collaborative learning is an encouraging strategy for enhancing student engagement and achievement.
Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Healthy Hbsag Negative Blood Donors in Owerri Town, South-east Nigeria
Authors: OB Ukoha , SN Chukwurah , O Ukoha , CC Anyanechi , CU Ekwunife , CF Udigwe , CH Nwadimkpa , OE Izunwa , HT Eze , UC Okonkwo , AE Ihekwaba
Published: December 2024

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with its attendant complications is a disease of major public health importance being the 10th leading cause of death globally. Transfusion transmitted HBV continues to be a major problem despite the routine screening of donor blood products using the ELISA method. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B virus infection among healthy HBsAg negative blood donors in Owerri, South-East Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in consecutive prospectiveblood donors in Owerri, South-East Nigeria.
Results: A total of 180 participants were enrolled for the study.
The age of the subjects ranged from 21 to 45 years with a mean [SD] of 26.85 [5.21] years. The male to female ratio was 4.6:1. Of the 180 participants, 33 (18.3%) had anti - HBc IgG positive antibodies. Out of the 33 anti - HBclgG positive participants, 5(15.2%) of them were anti-HBs positive while 13 (15.2%) of them had detectable HBV DNA.The prevalence of occult HBV infection was 7.2% (13/180).
Conclusions: Occult HBV infection is not common among Nigerian blood donors. This study signifies the high prevalence of OBI and proposes that the blood samples in Nigeria should be pre-tested for OBI by Nucleic Acid Testing and/- or anti-HBV before transfusion to minimize the HBV transmission risk.
Energy Assessment and Renewable Energy Opportunities in Post-Harvest Food Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Gosavi R.A. , Mohod A.G. , Sawant A.A. , Kalse S.B.
Published: December 2024

Energy efficiency and renewable sources are highlighted in this manuscript which discusses the use of energy in food systems after harvesting. Methodology provided aids in optimizing energy use in food processing. By highlighting both conventional and renewable energy technologies, such as solar PV and biomass, the manuscript proposes sustainable solutions that are timely and essential for combating climate change and food security challenges. The importance of standardizing energy data and improving energy efficiency within the PHF system aligns well with current global efforts to promote sustainable agricultural practices, making this research highly relevant to the scientific community. The focus on reducing fossil fuel dependence in post-harvest operations is particularly significant as it addresses both environmental concerns and long-term cost savings for the industry. Additionally, the inclusion of real-world case studies, such as solar drying in turmeric processing, strengthens the manuscript’s practical applicability. This review also highlights the practical benefits of renewable energy sources, including reduced carbon emissions and energy independence, while emphasizing the critical role of energy auditing in optimizing efficiency and sustainability. By integrating these approaches, we can enhance energy management and support a transition towards a greener future. Overall, the paper provides a robust foundation for future research and policymaking in sustainable food processing systems.
Use of Big Data Analytics to Understand Consumer Behavior
Authors: Ernest Asante , Adonachor Jude Anto , Arthur Lord Ato Kwamena , Bernard Watts-Amissah , Acquah Albert Owusu , Essah Richard
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the meaning and characteristics of big data and to examine aspects of consumer behavior within the framework of big data research. The results show that although external factors and internal perception are the primary determinants of consumer decision making, big data also affects customer perception through external factors. Data is too large to be handled and analyzed by standard database management system techniques (Latvia_ ESRD 43_2016, n.d.). In order to give their businesses a competitive edge, marketers can use analytics to better understand consumer behavior. This article explores the characteristics of the big data phenomenon (Ramanathan, U., Subramanian, N., Yu, W., & Vijaygopal, R., 2017). Data is gathered from clients who receive business and technical training under controlled conditions. Apart from going over technical aspects like architecture, infrastructure, logic, theory, and environment building, this study will also cover consumer behavior modeling (Erevelles, S., Fukawa, N., & Swayne, L, 2016) The first part of the literature review examines concepts related to trust in consumer behavior. It investigates the psychological foundations of consumer trust as well as the ways in which perceptions of risk, confidence, and trust influence the decision-making process (Sousa, R., & Voss, C., 2012) Furthermore, it runs counter to the idea of empowered firms by highlighting how legitimacy affects consumer trust, brand integrity, and trust. However, it looks at why customers are suspicious of unlicensed services and discusses the problems and reasons behind that mistrust. In (Anshari, M., Almunawar, M. N., Lim, S. A., & Al-Mudimigh, A., 2019). The recommendation engine essentially suggests numerous products based on a variety of factors, such as the user's age and previous purchases. This kind of data filtering technology uses machine learning algorithms to recommend the best products to a particular customer. The purpose of this study is to segment related product reviews and analyze user sentiment in order to create a product recommendation system (Ertemel, A. V., 2015).
Performance of the Major Pulses Crop in India: Growth and Instability
Authors: Kumar Manish , Singh Gulshan , Singh Subhi , Mishra Arpit
Published: December 2024

The present paper deals with the comparative assessment of instability and growth rate in area, production, and yield of major pulses in India. In the analysis, Cuddy-Della Valle (CDV) instability indices and compound growth rates (CGRs) are computed on utilizing secondary time series data on area, production, and yield of major pulses (viz., chickpea, pigeon pea, urdbean and mungbean) pertaining to the period 2000-2021. The comparative assessment has been made by further classifying the concerned period into three periods i.e. period-I (2000 to 2010), period-II (2011 to 2021), and the overall period (2000 to 2021). Moreover, the statistical coefficients viz., coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of determination  have been measured. The findings of the investigation reveal that, during the overall period, highest instability in area is observed in urdbean, whereas the least instability in area is observed in chickpea. Among the pulses, mungbean reported highest instability in production as well as yield, whereas chickpea witnessed least instability in production as well as yield. During the overall period, the highest growth rates in area, production, and yield have been observed in chickpea.
Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Early Career Pharmacists Concerning Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and Co-morbid Mental Health Conditions: Predicting Patients Health Outcomes in Nigeria
Authors: Okenwa Samuel Chukwuemeka , Anunwa Ifunanya Genevieve , Nwachukwu Jane Chidera , Abonyi Chinonso Elijah , Nnam Collins Okwudili , Eneje Glory Chigozirim , Ajuonu Joy Ulonwadi , Ejike Lazarus Chukwuemeka , Nwankwo Favour Mmesoma , Ekweozor Chika Augusta
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate the understanding, perceptions and practices of early career pharmacists concerning opioid use disorder and its associated mental health outcomes for patients in Nigeria. The research seeks to identify the level of knowledge that these pharmacists possess about opioid-related issues and the mental health challenges that often accompany them. By examining their attitudes and practices, the study intends to uncover potential gaps in education and training that may affect the quality of care provided to patients suffering from these interconnected health conditions. 
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. We used evidence of licensure and not more than 5 years in practice to identify eligible participants. Information sheets were sent to all potential participants through email. If interested, they signed the consent form and sent the survey online to be completed and returned within 24 hours.
Results: Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Out of 514 participants, the majority had accurate knowledge of basic questions as well as a negative attitude regarding how comfortable in providing patient care as well as in monitoring and assessment. 342 (66.5%) respondents and 357 (69.5%) respondents were neutral on the information regarding the percentage of patients that achieve treatment adherence and average patient satisfaction respectively, while (166, 32.3%) (128, 24.9%) reported low/negative treatment adherence and patient satisfaction respectively.
Conclusion: By fostering improved knowledge and attitudes among pharmacists, it is possible to mitigate the stigma associated with mental health issues, thereby enhancing treatment adherence and ultimately leading to better health outcomes. The findings show that in as much as the knowledge of these medical conditions is substantial, the negative outcomes persist.
Heterosis of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Hybrids Involving Diverse CGMS Lines and Restorers
Authors: Moghariya A. A. , Parmar S. K. , Chaudhari R. J. , Mungra K. D. , Patel J. K.
Published: December 2024

The experimental material comprised of five female lines, ten male lines of pearl millet, their 50 hybrids developed by line × tester design and one standard check hybrid (GHB 1231). They were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications at Main Pearl Millet Research Station, J.A.U., Jamnagar during kharif 2023 for studies extent and magnitude of heterotic effects of hybrids over better parent and standard check. The analysis of experimental variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes, parents and crosses for all the traits studied. The heterobeltiosis for grain yield per plant was laid between -56.38% to 97.86%, while, the standard heterosis ranged from -53.30% to 82.97%. The maximum value of standard heterosis was recorded for grain yield per plant by cross JMSA5 20212 × J-2637 (82.97%) followed by ICMA1 94555 × J-2580 (81.49%) and JMSA5 20212 × J-2562 (72.35%). Further exploitation of these crosses might produce desirable hybrid of pearl millet.
Advancing India's Agroforestry Potential: Leveraging Technology and Community Approaches for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ghosh Sayanta , Sharma Jitendra Vir
Published: December 2024

Agroforestry, a sustainable land management practice integrating trees with crops and livestock, holds immense potential for climate change mitigation and enhancing rural livelihoods in India. This article explores the synergy between advanced Remote Sensing (RS) technologies, such as vegetation indices like NDVI, and participatory approaches involving Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), cooperatives, and other farmer collectives. These combined interventions enable efficient monitoring and large-scale Afforestation, Reforestation, and Revegetation (ARR) activities, ensuring carbon finance benefits. By leveraging technology and collaboration, agroforestry can significantly contribute to India's carbon neutrality goals, ecosystem restoration, and sustainable income generation for farmers.
Factors Limiting Parental Engagement in Academic Monitoring: A Case Study from Ilemela District, Tanzania
Authors: Francis Nyakeko
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the factors contributing to low parental involvement in monitoring pupils' academic progress in primary schools within Ilemela District, Mwanza region. The study aims to identify the root causes of this limited engagement and its effects on pupil academic progress. Additionally, the study seeks suggestions for enhancing parental participation in monitoring academic progress. Employing a cross-sectional survey research design, the study involved one hundred (100) respondents, including pupils, parents, ward education coordinators, district education officer, teachers and head teachers. Data collection methods include questionnaires, unstructured and semi-structured interviews. Findings reveal several reasons for low parental participation such as parental responsibilities, lack of awareness regarding education's importance, financial constraints, time limitations and cultural factors. Recommendations include educating parents on the significance of education, fostering home-based academic engagement, providing parenting support, promoting cultural understanding between schools and families and establishing effective communication channels. The findings contribute to broader educational improvement by providing insights that can inform policies and interventions aimed at strengthening parental involvement, ultimately enhancing the quality of education and student outcomes in the region.
Factors Limiting School Committee Engagement in Primary School Development Plans
Authors: Francis Nyakeko
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the factors limiting the engagement of school committees in the development plans of primary schools in Simanjiro District, Manyara Region. Despite the crucial role of school committees in educational planning and development, their involvement often falls short of expectations. Through a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from a sample of 146 respondents, including head teachers, teachers, the District Education Officer (DEO), school committee members and school committee chairpersons. The findings reveal that limited engagement is influenced by factors such as inadequate training, insufficient resources and lack of awareness of roles and responsibilities including minimal support from educational authorities. These constraints hinder the effectiveness of school committees in contributing to school development plans. The study This study recommends strengthening the training, providing adequate resources and increasing support from educational authorities to enhance the engagement and effectiveness of school committees in primary school development plans.
The First Reported Case of Right Aortic Arch with Left Subclavian Artery Atresia Presenting with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Exploring an Uncertain Causal Relationship
Authors: Soliman Ayman F. , Alokifi Mohannad A. , Abdulrahman Ahmed M. , Soliman Mohamed A. , Eid Ahmed F. , Taweel Munera O. AL
Published: December 2024

The largest artery in the body is the aorta. The ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta are the four sections that make up the aorta. The ascending aorta continues into the aortic arch. It moves inferiorly after arching superiorly, posteriorly, and to the left [1]. The right aortic arch is a rare anatomical anomaly of the aorta [2].
A case of a 43-year-old male was recently diagnosed with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Cardiac CT was performed as part of the ischemic heart disease evaluation. The cardiac CT revealed a right-sided aortic arch, along with the absence of the proximal segment of the left subclavian artery, and the perfusion of the left subclavian artery occurring via the left vertebral artery.
This case represents the first documented instance in the literature of heart failure occurring concurrently with these vascular anomalies.
Quality Characteristics of Bread Produced with Blends of Flour from Cassava, Wheat and Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea)
Authors: Alimi John Praise , Akanni Abubakar Adegboyega , Aina Joseph Alaba , Ashonibare Adenike Rukayat , Kurrah Amazing Grace , Okparavero Newman Festus , Okunade Samson Oladipo
Published: December 2024

Food fortification targeted at increasing the micronutrient contents of food with the view to improving its nutritional quality is a pragmatic approach in combating malnutrition which consequently engenders the achievement of ‘sustainable development’ goal three (SDG-3). Hence, this research assessed the quality attributes of bread produced with blends of flour from cassava, Bambara groundnut and wheat. Wheat flour was obtained from production line while low postharvest physiologically deteriorated cassava root (IITA-TMS-IBA011368) and Bambara groundnut were processed into HQCF and Bambara flour, respectively. The flours were blended together as depicted by D-Optimal mixture using Design Expert software (Version 12.0) and total of sixteen (16) samples were generated. The bread baked with the blended flours were analyzed for physical, proximate, sensory and microbiological properties.
Range of value for crusts’ lightness (L*), redness-bluishness (a*), yellowness-greenness (b*), browning index, crumb density, crumb porosity, loaf weight and overall acceptability was 29.57-39.52, 0.10-3.96, 8.28-15.27, 0.36-0.41, 0.15-0.29, 0.45-0.52, 56.30-66.30 g and 5.60-7.38, respectively. Moisture, ash, crude fibre, fat, crude protein, carbohydrate and energy value ranged from 1.26-1.87%, 0.31-0.59%, 7.25-26.56%, 4.46-9.91%, 30.98-56.34% and 314.51-415.67 kcal. Crumb elasticity, softness, crust appearance, color, flavor, taste and overall acceptability was 5.12-7.64, 4.96-7.88, 5.68-7.52, 6.28-7.36, 5.84-7.72, 5.44-7.72 and 5.60-7.96. The bread samples were acceptable sensorially as adjudged by the panels. Lower count (load) of viable organism found in composite bread was due to the lethal effect of baking temperature and good hygiene practice. Bread of acceptable quality was produced with blends of flours from cassava, Bambara groundnut and wheat but the optimized ingredient blend formulation obtained was high quality casava flour of 15.10%, wheat flour of 63.67% and Bambara nut flour 21.23% while the calculated desirability was 0.53.
Screening the Microbiological Contamination in Salad Samples and Analysis their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Authors: Chowdhury Umme Salma , Sultana Raquiba , Acharjee Mrityunjoy
Published: December 2024

Salad is often consumed fresh and thus can act as effective media for the transmission of associated pathogens. This investigation was carried out to determine the microbiological quality of salad. A total twenty-five samples were collected from twenty different area of Dhaka city. Samples were collected from chines restaurants, fast food centers, café, and roadside shops. According to the place of preparation samples were classified into three category such as A (chines and fast food), B (café), C (road side shop). Samples from each category of salad were prepared to determine the total bacterial count, total coliform count and highlighted the presence of pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. by standard microbiological methods. The total viable bacterial count ranged from 0.3 × 10³ to 8.3 × 10⁷ cfu/g. The coliform and fecal coliform ranged from <0.4 MPN/gm to >240 MPN/gm and Staphylococcus spp. ranged from 0.5 ×103   to 1.25 ×104 cfu/g. Rates of contamination in relation to the various sources were: samples from A- category 71.4%, B- category 87.5% and C- category 90%. Antimicrobial susceptibility was also determined for the isolated microorganisms. Amoxicillin (10 µg), ciprofloxacin 5 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (23.75 µg), were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. 100% Salmonella spp. was resistant to amoxicillin whereas E. coli was 80%. But both strains were 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline. The results of the study demonstrate that salads available in chines restaurant, fast food center, café and road side shop are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria which are potential health threat to consumers. Maintaining personal hygiene, pre-processing disinfection and proper storage temperatures will be useful to minimize the unhygienic and health risks.
Response of Soybean (Glycine max l.) to Potassium Fertilizer under Different Crop Geometry
Authors: Shrivastava Anshika , Panchal Vishal , Kawade Archana
Published: December 2024

An experiment was carried out at experimental cum demonstration field, SVIAg, SVVV, Indore during rabi 2023-24. The experiment consists of twelve treatment combinations with three main plot treatment (crop geometry) viz. C1: 30 cm x 20 cm, C2: 40 cm x 15 cm, and C3: 60 cm x 10 cm and K1: 0 kg K2O ha-1, K2: 20 kg K2O ha-1, K3: 40 kg K2O ha-1, and K4: 60 kg K2O ha-1 as four sub-plot treatments (potassium levels). Each experimental unit was replicated thrice having the gross plot size of 4.0 x 3.0 m2. Sowing of soybean at 30 cm x 20 cm spacing recorded maximum growth attributes, viz. plant height (40.92 cm) at harvest, number of branches plant-1 (10.66) at harvest, number of functional leaves (27.18) plant-1 at 60 DAS, dry matter accumulation plant-1 ( 22.64 g) at harvest, leaf area plant-1 (12.64 dm2) at 60 DAS, number of root nodules plant-1 (54.91) at 60 DAS and dry weight of root nodules (1.078 g) at 75 DAS, higher yield attributes such as number of pods (37.48) plant-1, number of seeds pods-1 (2.68), and number of seeds plant-1 (100.88 g). The highest seed yield (15.67 q ha-1), straw yield (24.01 q ha-1), and biological yield (39.68 q ha-1) was also observed under crop geometry of 30 cm x 20 cm. Sowing of soybean at 30 cm x 20 cm obtained higher gross monetary returns (₹ 78337.10 ha-1), net monetary returns (₹ 33714.05 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.72). While in potassium levels, treatment application of 60 kg K2O ha-1 was recorded significantly higher growth parameters of soybean such as., plant height (43.22 cm) at harvest, number of branches (11.30) plant-1 at harvest, number of functional leaves (27.42) plant-1 at 60 DAS, leaf area (12.82 dm2) plant-1 at 60 DAS, dry matter accumulation plant-1 (23.13 g) at harvest, number of root nodules plants-1 (56.10) at 60 DAS, and dry weight of root nodules (1.103 g) at 75 DAS, yield parameters viz., number of pods (36.88) plant-1, number of seeds pods-1 (2.69) and number of seeds plants-1 (103.05), as compared to other potassium levels. Amongst the potassium levels 60 kg K2O ha-1 recorded significantly higher seed yield (16.34 q ha-1), straw yield (24.57 q ha-1) and biological yield (40.91 q ha-1) in contrast to the other potassium level. In potassium levels, higher gross monetary returns (₹ 81699.35 ha-1) and net monetary returns (₹ 34450.64 ha-1) were obtained under treatment 60 kg K2O ha-1 than rest of treatments with higher B:C ratio (1.69).
Detection of acute myocarditis using T1 and T2 mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jia Zhi , Wang Lihong , Jia Yanqing , Liu Jun , Zhao Hong , Huo Liwei , Zheng Binbin
Published: September 2021

Objectives

This study was aimed to systematically review the existing literature and explore more the diagnostic value of T1 and T2 mapping in acute myocarditis.

Methods

Studies were searched from five electronic databases. Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC) were calculated to present diagnostic performance. A meta‐regression and subgroup analysis was performed based on validation (endomyocardial biopsy [EMB] vs. clinical criteria).

Results

A total of 10 studies were included, with 400 myocarditis patients and 266 controls. Native T1, T2, and extracellular volume (ECV) values were significantly increased in the myocarditis group. Pooled sensitivities for T1, T2 mapping, and ECV were 0.84 (0.78–0.88), 0.77 (0.69–0.83), and 0.69 (0.50–0.83), respectively. Pooled specificities were 0.86 (0.69–0.95), 0.83 (0.73–0.89), and 0.77 (0.63–0.87), respectively. The DORs were 32 (12–87), 16 (8–30), and 7 (4–14), respectively. The areas under the curve (AUC) of SROC were 0.87 (0.84–0.90), 0.86 (0.82–0.89), and 0.80 (0.76–0.83), respectively. In the meta‐regression and subgroup analysis, significantly lower specificities of T1 and T2 mapping were observed in EMB studies (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The currently available evidence shows that T1 and T2 mapping including ECV alone offer comparably good diagnostic performance for the detection of acute myocarditis. The reason for the observed mismatch with EMB findings should be further investigated.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a patient vaccinated against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Kania Karolina , Ambrosius Wojciech , Tokarz Kupczyk Elzbieta , Kozubski Wojciech
Published: September 2021

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease, and there are some data that link this event with various vaccinations. We report a young female admitted to the hospital with headache, fever, back pain, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. Two weeks prior, she received the first dose of SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine. Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed distinctive for ADEM widespread demyelinating lesions. The patient was successfully treated with methylprednisolone.
Junction Field‐Effect Transistors Based on PdSe2/MoS2 Heterostructures for Photodetectors Showing High Responsivity and Detectivity
Authors: Wang Haoyun , Li Zexin , Li Dongyan , Xu Xiang , Chen Ping , Pi Lejing , Zhou Xing , Zhai Tianyou
Published: September 2021

2D materials have shown great promise for next‐generation high‐performance photodetectors. However, the performance of photodetectors based on 2D materials is generally limited by the tradeoff between photoresponsivity and photodetectivity. Here, a novel junction field‐effect transistor (JFET) photodetector consisting of a PdSe2 gate and MoS2 channel is constructed to realize high responsivity and high detectivity through effective modulation of top junction gate and back gate. The JFET exhibits high carrier mobility of 213 cm2 V−1 s−1. What is more, the high responsivity of 6 × 102 A W−1, as well as the high detectivity of 1011 Jones, are achieved simultaneously through the dual‐gate modulation. The high performance is attributed to the modulation of the depletion region by the dual‐gate, which can effectively suppress the dark current and enhance the photocurrent, thereby realizing high detectivity and responsivity. The JFET photodetector provides a new approach to realize photodetectors with high responsivity and detectivity.
Engineering of Printable and Air‐Stable Silver Electrodes with High Work Function using Contact Primer Layer: From Organometallic Interphases to Sharp Interfaces
Authors: Widdascheck Felix , Bischof Daniel , Witte Gregor
Published: September 2021

Contact engineering is an important issue for organic electronics as it allows to reduce charge carrier injection barriers. While the use of molecular contact primer layers to control the energy level alignment is demonstrated in many concept studies, mainly using (single crystalline) model substrates, the processability of electrodes and their robustness must also be considered in real devices. Although silver electrodes can be printed using silver ink, their low work function and sensitivity to oxidation severely limits their use for printable organic electronics. The present study demonstrates that monolayers of F4TCNQ and F6TCNNQ provide a reliable approach to engineer high work function silver electrodes, which is examined for Ag(111) as well as polycrystalline and silver ink substrates. Notably, upon multilayer growth, a pronounced intercalation of silver into the molecular adlayer occurs, yielding thermally stabilized organometallic interphases extending over the entire adlayer. It is shown that heating allows their controlled desorption leaving behind a well‐defined monolayer that is further stabilized by additional charge transfer. Especially F6TCNNQ contact primer layers can also be prepared on oxidized silver electrodes yielding work functions of 5.5–5.6 eV, which can even withstand air exposure. Such contact primers show no interdiffusion into subsequently deposited layers of the prototypical p‐type organic semiconductor pentacene, hence validating their use for organic electronic devices.