bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Habitat of Geometric Forms
Authors: Salit Charles R.
Published: January 2021

In the natural sciences like biology and botany the question of habitat constitutes a very important phase of inquiry. It is a method by which certain animal and plant forms are located and new ones are identified. In geometry, however, where one is seemingly dealing with artificial forms, the method of habitat would indeed appear to be out of place. These forms, one might contend, having no organic life of their own, may and can be disseminated almost indiscriminately and at will across the face of the earth, regardless and quite independent of environment. In short, one might conclude, the geometric form has no particular home.
The Art of Teaching: Developing Reflective Thinking Through Geometry
Authors: Cook Inez M.
Published: January 2021

Mathematics teachers have long maintained that one of the principal contributions of demonstrative geometry to general education is the development of logical reasoning. Within recent years there has been a growing tendency on the part of educators to question the outcome of the usual geometry classroom procedure. They are seeking evidence that pupils, after devoting a year to such study, are familiar with the nature of deductive thought and that they can and do use that same type of thinking in situations outside of geometry.
Training in High School Mathematics Essential for Life
Authors: Congdon Allan R.
Published: January 2021

The magazine Time for January 5, 1942 devotes one page to a discussion of the revival of interest in mathematics. The article mentions improvements in mathematics courses over the country and calls attention to the demands of army and navy officers for more and better mathematics. Two sentences on the page attracted my attention: “Mathematicians have long been haunted by a paradox. Although most U. S. citizens profess to dread the study of mathematics, they arc suckers for mathematical puzzles, made a best-seller of Lancelot Hogben's Mathematics for the Million. The mathematicians’ conclusion—the trouble is not with mathematics, but with the way it is taught.”
Report of Sub-Committee of Mathematics Section of the Association of Private School Teachers
Authors: Thompson Margaret E.
Published: January 2021

On February 27, 1943, this committee sent forty-seven copies of a questionnaire to the heads of Mathematics Departments, Deans and Directors of Boards of Admissions, of forty Eastern Colleges.
The Art of Teaching: Another Study of Prognosis in College Algebra
Authors: Marshall M. V.
Published: January 2021

The problem of selecting probable successes and probable failures among the freshmen beginning college algebra is of both academic interest and practical administrative importance. The more accurately it can be done the more effective can such provisions as counselling, differentiated courses, individual instruction, and differentiated time allotments be made.
Learning and/or Mathematics
Authors: Dechert Curt
Published: January 2021

How often we hear intelligent people express awe at mathematics. They show great admiration for man's ability to think and express himself in the supposed abstractions of mathematical processes. Therein lies one of the basic reasons for the difficulties that are experienced in learning it. On the other hand, we often hear people recommend mathematics as a beneficial mental calisthenics. This is progress, but I doubt if many realize why this mental calisthenics is beneficial instead of making us mentally muscle bound.
Arithmetic Attitudes
Authors: Hunnicutt C. W.
Published: January 2021

Arithmetic has too often been taught as a skill unrelated to life outside the class-room. Children are shown few everyday places to apply their skill. A common complaint is that problems are unrealistic and deal with experiences remote from the lives of children. There is likely to be insufficient attention to the use people constantly make of arithmetic concepts and relations. If arithmetic is to be fully meaningful and not quickly forgotten, greater care must be taken to assure understandings that function in daily life.
A Report of the Radio Committee of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Authors: Miller A. Brown
Published: January 2021

A little more than two years ago a committee of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics began a survey of the use of the radio and public address systems in our public schools. One hundred public school systems with populations of 50,000 or more throughout the United States were sent questionnaires. Significant replies were received from those listed in the report. Other school systems replied and indicated an interest in the results of the questionnaire. After receiving the first replies they were returned to each school system in September 1942 to be rechecked. The report as now given therefore represents the situation as of November 1942.
Developing Mental Perspective and Unity of Principle in Geometry
Authors: Drohan Peter
Published: January 2021

In geometry almost every figure has a manifold of symmetric relations connected with it. The grouping of these associated properties may be made a valuable aid not only in systematizing fundamental principles but also in emphasizing what might be called the aesthetic element in spatial analysis. A new perspective, too, is thus given to a student's geometrical knowledge, and a vastly increased cultural value added to it.
The Art of Teaching: Vocabulary Building
Authors: Tucker Miss Alice N.
Published: January 2021

In no subject in the school is there greater need for rigor in defining technical words than in geometry. Here the very nature of definition is brought out in great clarity as we list all salient attributes of a figure and select one which we arbitrarily decide shall be the definition. So it is a matter of selection on the part of the author of a text book, or perhaps a national committee, whether a circle shall be defined as a curved line (modern) or the space enclosed by such a curved line (fifty years ago). One author may elect to define square as a kind of rectangle; for instance, a rectangle with one pair of adjacent sides equal. Another may say that the definition of rectangle stipulates that the sides be unequal.
Let Us Be Sensible About It
Authors: Buell Irwin A.
Published: January 2021

Books telling us of education in general and those dealing with the teaching of mathematics in particular; lecturers who try for congenial responses from their audiences; psychologists both pseudo and honest; scholars trained narrowly but speaking broadly; political educators and educational politicians; ct cetera; et cetera have all said it and have emphasized it and resaid it; and still it may not be true. One still does not have to know the why of everything in order to enjoy life and to add to human happiness, and this is as true in mathematics as it is in other fields.
The Formula—The Core of Algebra
Authors: Zyl Abraham J. van
Published: January 2021

Many teachers and textbook-writers have emphasized the importance of the formula in teaching algebra. But few have claimed that algebra is the study of formulas. Indeed it is difficult to find any algebra that can not be classified as the derivation, evaluation, manipulation or interpretation of formulas. The teacher, who fails to build his algebra course around the formula, also fails to give his pupil a clear idea of what algebra is.
The Mathematics Institute
Authors: Schlauch W. S.
Published: January 2021

Following the establishment of public school systems in the various states, the problem of increasing the efficiency and enlarging the outlook of teachers soon challenged the attention of state school authorities. Among the methods employed to raise the level of attainment in the teaching body were summer institutes for teachers, lasting from four to six weeks. From these institutes were evolved schools for training of teachers of the public schools, known as normal schools, open the year round, but attended mainly in the spring session.
Why Not Be Sensible About Meaning?
Authors: Wheat Harry G.
Published: January 2021

An article in a recent issue of The Mathematics Teacher* admonishes us to be sensible about the meaning we attempt to teach the pupils in our classes in elementary mathematics. It goes on seriously to question both the sense and the utility of teaching meaning, and still further to suggest that it can't be done anyhow.
The Graphic Solution of a Problem Involving Simple Linear Equations
Authors: Ingraham W. W.
Published: January 2021

The average high school pupil is mature enough to realize that problems about Mary and the postage stamps, and grocer Brown and his mixtures of coffee are downright nonsense. There are very few algebra text-books which are not heavily laden with such problems. In order to get a wholesome response from the class, problems must have a purpose or reasonable' objective. The problem offered herewith is only one of many, when solved by the pupil, tend to increase his respect for mathematics rather than lower it. The Problem: The factory, home workshop, and Industrial Arts Shop are the source of scrap material, such as: ends from sheets of metal, plywood, etc. Some of these pieces are in the form of right triangles, others are in the form of trapezoids. The class is asked to determine a method of obtaining the dimensions of the largest square that can be salvaged from such scrap pieces.
Redirection or Return to Direction in Mathematics
Authors: Hoefler Lehman
Published: January 2021

For the past eight years the Bureau of Youth Services of the Connecticut State Department of Education, which is charged among other responsibilities with the general supervision of instruction in the secondary schools in Connecticut, has been especially and deeply concerned about the outcomes of high school teaching in the state.
The Art of Teaching: An Alternative Technique for Teaching Subtraction of Signed Numbers
Authors: Henderson Lawrence M.
Published: January 2021

The technique as outlined by W. E. Romig in the January Mathematics Teacher for teaching subtraction of signed numbers is a graphical representation of the mechanical process of changing the sign of the subtrahend and proceeding as in addition. I believe that pupils will find the following method more meaningful; my pupils prefer it to the mechanical method which they find outlined in our text. Too, many teachers who use this plan never introduce the mechanical one at all.
We Recommend the Teaching of Statistics in High School
Authors: Smith Ollie Sanders
Published: January 2021

Inasmuch as statistical thinking is involved in practically every phase of modern living, we believe everyone should be familiar with the modes of thought which it affords.
The Art of Teaching: Discovering the Tangent
Authors: Palmer Bertha Weir
Published: January 2021

Tangents, sines and cosines furnish an excellent opportunity for creative learning for junior high school pupils. They also furnish the pupils an opportunity to have the thrill that comes to a discoverer if they are taught by the laboratory method.
Mathematics for the Non-Academic Student
Authors: Marino Anthony
Published: January 2021

On December 1, 1945, the Ohio Department of Education made public the results of a test given to 2,304 selected seniors from Ohio High Schools—public, private, and parochial. The tests indicate that many Ohio High School seniors are woefully weak in simple arithmetic and are ignorant of much of the basic general information they should have mastered before the eighth grade. Education Director Clyde Hissong, in discussing the above results, asserted that “too many Ohio school children just don't know the answers.” He also indicated his suspicion that perhaps the teacher training schools and their products are at least partly to blame for the situation.
Affiliated Group Activities
Authors: Johnson Donovan A.
Published: January 2021

With the development of modern means of reproduction it has become very convenient to duplicate material inexpensively and quickly. This convenience has given organizations such as Affiliated Groups an effective means of building their organizations and of being of service to its members.
The Science of Teaching Mathematics
Authors: Dodes Irving Allen
Published: January 2021

Philosophers and professional non-teaching educators often concern themselves with the problem of involving “other values” in the teaching of mathematics. The teacher, himself, is usually more interested in the obvious and intrinsic worth of mathematics and the mathematics lesson. The purpose of this study is to review the scientific work which bears upon the teaching of mathematics in order to provide a basis for sound methodology. Further, this study aims to clear the air with respect to fads, fancies and facts in mathematics instruction; and to suggest measures for solidifying the background of pedagogical knowledge.
General Mathematics and the Core Curriculum
Authors: Adler Ruth , Peters Max
Published: January 2021

The extent to which mathematics can be fused into a core curriculum or correlated with it has been the subject of much speculation and some experimentation.
Ultra-Curricular Stimulation for the Superior Student
Authors: Lloyd Daniel. B.
Published: January 2021

Adopting the hypothesis, rather well substantiated by research studies, that achievement is dependent on drives of interest and effort, the implication is clear for teachers to produce and maintain these drives. Research indicates no exclusive claim of mathematics to any specific abilities, therefore other fields of study attract, and afford satisfaction to, our potential mathematics students. It has also been well established that the most impressionable years of age are the formative ones during which the potential mathematics students are enrolled in the secondary school program.
The National Council Affiliated Groups
Authors: Rogers Mary C.
Published: January 2021

Early in the summer of 1952, plans were considered for the reorganization and expansion of the work of the Committee on Affiliated Groups. These plans suggested the distribution of Affiliated Groups into geographical areas or regions with a Regional Representative directly responsible for the leadership of local groups within his specific area in matters pertaining to their relationship with the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. A General Chairman would act as Coordinator and Advisor, and be responsible to the National Council for the successful functioning of the Affiliated Groups organization. The office of the Chairman would be the “clearing house” of inter-group information. Copies of all reports would be kept on file in this office. The Chairman would have charge of the finances of the Committee on Affiliated Groups.
The Engineer's Simple Arithmetic
Authors: Seeley Walter J.
Published: January 2021

The work of the engineer in design, research, or development very often involves extensive arithmetical computations. For this he uses a slide rule, computing machine, and sometimes logarithms, but first the factors are set up in some convenient form for easy manipulation. In all his work the engineer is concerned with two things: short cuts to save time, and accuracy. Herewith is outlined a method which constitutes somewhat of a short cut and at the same time results in increased accuracy for arithmetical computation. It is a method much used by engineering students and practicing engineers; it is very convenient, and should be made available to high school students.
Mathematical Miscellanea: A table of Stirling numbers of the second kind, and of exponential numbers
Authors: Miksa Francis L.
Published: January 2021

The numbers known as “Stirling numbers of the second kind” have been symbolized in a variety of notations by several different writers. The symbol to be used here is rSn, where r and n are positive integers such that r does not exceed n.
Desirable alterations in order and emphasis of certain topics in algebra
Authors: Beatley Ralph
Published: January 2021

The 1950's are transitive years for high-school and college mathematics. Here are some suggestions for desirable changes in the present courses.
Concerning the function concept
Authors: Bennett Albert A.
Published: January 2021

There are relatively recent demands for a change in the approach to the definition of a function. This paper recalls some of the historical background and presents the arguments for a change.
The evolution of geometry
Authors: Meserve Bruce E.
Published: January 2021

The story of the origins of some of our geometrical ideas and the lives of the men who gave birth to these ideas make interesting reading. This is the story of the development of some phases of secandary school geometry.
Honors mathematics at Dartmouth
Authors: Kemeny John G.
Published: January 2021

To find a way to unshackle the gifted is a major problem in college as well as in the high school.
Seventeenth Christmas Meeting
Authors: Beckmann Milton W.
Published: January 2021

Your very able President, Howard F. Fehrm, will preside at the first general session.
Educational Values of Geometry
Authors: Smith Eugene R. , Babb Maurice J. , Decker F. F.
Published: January 2021

And the high school in saving the major portion of the time the boy must otherwise work as an apprentice on entering a trade. The tradesman, following, carried the audience with him when he said that such a system would sentence the boy to the trade of his father and with a great probability that it would be a life sentence, as a boy to get out of a trade or to improve conditions in that trade must be trained to think. He concluded with a plea that his son be trained as a thinker.
Editorial
Authors: Smith Eugene R. , Gaylord Harry D. , Babb Maurice J. , Breckenridge William E.
Published: January 2021

It would seem appropriate to call the attention of the members of our association to some obligations that rest upon them. Any organization to be most effective must be thoroughly alive and active. This energy must show in all its activities and permeate all its membership. The officers and members of the Council must be particularly alive and active as it is on this group of members that the business of the association rests. They are the guiding influence of all its activities and should feel keenly the responsibility placed upon them. It is evident, however, that not all members of the Council take this responsibility seriously enough, if the small attendance at some of the meetings is an indication. For the good of our association there should be a marked improvement in interest and attendance on the part of the members of the Council.
acercamiento badiousiano a la noción de ‘puntos de vista’: del relativismo de la finitud constructivista al universalismo de la infinitud no constructible.
Authors: Varela Pequeño Mikel
Published: January 2021

En este artículo abordaremos la cuestión de los ‘puntos de vista’ desde la propuesta filosófica de Alain Badiou. Para ello, recurriremos especialmente a L’être et l’événement y a los últimos seminarios, destinados a elaborar el material para L’Immanence des vérités, y centraremos el interés en las orientaciones de pensamiento constructivista y genérica. De tal modo que asociaremos el constructivismo a la noción de ‘puntos de vista’ y ensayaremos una especie de alternativa a partir de los postulados de Badiou sobre la orientación genérica.

In this paper we will address the question of ‘points of view’ from the philosophical proposal of Alain Badiou. In order to do this, we will especially resort to L’être et l’événement and to the last seminars, aimed at elaborating the material for L’Immanence des vérités, and we will focus on constructivist and generic orientations of thought. In such a way that we will associate constructivism with the notion of ‘points of view’ and we will try to propose an alternative based on Badiou’s generic orientation postulates.
Retrospectiva sintáctico-semántica del adjetivo francés II: de las gramáticas tradicionales a otros estudios contemporáneos
Authors: Gil Casadomet Aránzazu
Published: January 2021

Tras una primera revisión del adjetivo francés desde la Antigüedad a las gramáticas tradicionales en Retrospectiva sintáctico-semántica del adjetivo francés I, este segundo artículo presenta una continuidad del estudio a lo largo de los siglos XX y XXI. Diferentes trabajos gramaticales definen, clasifican y ejemplifican el adjetivo francés desde varios puntos de vista sintácticos y semánticos, prestando especial atención a las especies de los adjetivos y sus funciones en la oración.

After a first review of the French adjective from Antiquity to the traditional grammars in Syntactic-semantic retrospective of the French adjective I, this second article presents a continuation of the retrospective throughout the 20th and 21th centuries. Different grammatical works define, classify and exemplify the French adjective from different syntactic and semantic points of view, paying special attention to the types of adjectives and their functions in the sentence.
Comparación de la densidad mineral ósea en futbolistas y árbitros de nivel profesional
Authors: López García R. , Lagunes Carrasco JO. , Carranza García LE. , Navarro Orocio R.
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) de los futbolistas y árbitros de nivel profesional. Se realizaron mediciones de la densidad mineral del hueso con el equipo de absorciometría dual de rayos X (DEXA) en el cual se evaluaron las regiones de la columna, cadera, costillas, brazos, piernas y cuerpo completo a 27 futbolistas (19.81 ± 1.14 años de edad) y 22 árbitros (24.95 ± 3.54 años de edad) de la segunda división de la liga profesional de fútbol MX de México. Se utilizo el programa estadístico SPSS (21.0), utilizando la prueba para muestras independientes de la t de Student, considerando el valor de significancia de p ≤ .05. Los futbolistas lograron una mayor DMO que los árbitros en la mayoría de las regiones del cuerpo, encontrándose solamente diferencia significativa en las piernas y en la cadera (p ≤ .05). La alta mineralización de las piernas de los futbolistas se debe al alto contacto de repetidas ocasiones con el balón de juego, aunque también se obtuvo un alta DMO en los árbitros que en otros deportes de otros estudios. Concluyendo así que la práctica del arbitraje en el fútbol es positivo para el fortalecimiento del hueso. Sin embargo hacen falta realizar más estudios sobre la DMO en árbitros, réferi y jueces en el fútbol y en otras disciplinas.

The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) of soccer players and professional referees. There were made bone mineral density measurements with the dual x-ray absorptiometry equipment (DEXA) to 27 players (19.81 ± 1.14 years old) and 22 referees (24.95 ± 3.54 years old) from the second division of the Mexican professional soccer league (Liga MX) where the areas of the spine, hip, ribs, arms, legs and full body were evaluated.  It was used the statistical program SPSS (21.0), using the test for independent samples of the t of Student, considering the significance value of p ≤ .05. The players achieved a higher BMD than the referees in most regions of the body, finding only significant difference in the legs and hip (p ≤ .05). The high mineralization of the legs of the players is due to the high contact repeatedly to the game ball, although a higher BMD was also obtained in the referees than in other sports of other studies. Thus concluding that the practice of refereeing in football is positive for bone strengthening. However, more studies on BMD in referees, officials and judges in football and in other disciplines are needed.
Tendencias y retos en la gestión de organizaciones deportivas: Perspectivas en Colombia
Authors: Cardona Mejía LA. , Cardona Ramírez S.
Published: January 2021

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo reconocer las tendencias y retos en la gestión de organizaciones deportivas públicas y privadas de Colombia. Para ello, se desarrolló un análisis teórico desde la literatura alrededor del tema y un análisis de contenido con información que se aportó en un panel de reconocidos expertos en el área. Los resultados señalan la innovación, la incorporación de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, la gestión del cambio organizacional, la necesidad de fortalecer los perfiles de formación de los dirigentes, el relacionamiento interinstitucional y el trabajo en redes, como algunos de los retos más importantes para los directivos. Constituye un punto de partida para el diseño de planes en las organizaciones y planes de formación y capacitación para directivos.

This study aimed to recognize trends and challenges in the management of public and private sport organizations in Colombia. We realized a theoretical analysis from the literature around the subject and a content analysis with information provided in a panel of recognized experts in the area. The results indicate innovation, the incorporation of information and communication technologies, the organizational change management, the need to strengthen the training profiles of managers, inter-institutional relations and networking, as some of the most challenging important for managers. It is a starting point for the design of plans in organizations and plans of training for managers.
Los cibermedios ecuatorianos en Twitter. La difusión de contenidos como estrategia comunicativa fundamental
Authors: Odriozola-Chené Javier , Marqués Pascual Joaquín
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es evidenciar el uso que los cibermedios ecuatorianos hacen de las redes sociales, en este caso Twitter. Para ello, se parte de las tres aplicaciones fundamentales dentro del ejercicio periodístico: búsqueda de información, difusión de contenidos e interacción con la audiencia. Así, la investigación ha realizado un análisis de contenido, mediante la herramienta Tweetchup, de todos los tuits publicados por doce medios digitales ecuatorianos a lo largo de una semana artificial propia de los muestreos estratificados. La muestra está compuesta por cibermedios nativos y cibermedios provenientes de los soportes tradicionales, del ámbito privado y público. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon con una muestra de cinco grandes medios internacionales para poder establecer el nivel de ‘desarrollo social’ de los medios ecuatorianos. La investigación demuestra cómo los medios locales utilizan Twitter como una herramienta para mejorar la difusión de sus contenidos mediáticos, tal y como sucede con los medios extranjeros, anteponiéndola al diálogo que sus audiencias demandan. Ante esta situación es necesario que los medios de comunicación se adecuen al nuevo marco sociocomunicacional, con audiencias proactivas, creando espacios de socialización donde se fomente el diálogo de manera permanente y multidireccional.
Hacia una comunicación corporativa transmedia
Authors: Molina Guerrero Carlos
Published: January 2021

Artículo para la sección Tribuna de adComunica.
Estrategias transmedia en las series de televisión: la transformación de una tie-in website en el inicio de un ARG (caso Discover Westworld)
Authors: Villén Higueras Sergio Jesús
Published: January 2021

La aplicación de estrategias transmedia para promocionar las series de televisión ha transformado el uso de las páginas webs, convirtiéndolas en espacios capaces de construir relatos que expanden los mundos ficcionales. Estas webs, denominadas principalmente como tie-in websites, además, pueden formar parte de una estrategia transmedia más ambiciosa: un juego de realidad alternativa (ARG). Para explorar esta estrategia, se ha efectuado un análisis semiopragmático de Discover Westworld, una tie-in website vinculada a la serie Westworld que, posteriormente, se transforma en el inicio de un ARG promocional. El análisis explora la naturaleza de los espacios comunicativos donde se lleva a cabo esta estrategia, la implicación y la participación de los usuarios en la construcción de significado de las proposiciones comunicativas y los vínculos que dichas proposiciones establecen con las diferentes partes de la serie. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que esta estrategia se desarrolla únicamente en espacios comunicativos digitales con el fin de que todos los usuarios puedan experimentar y participar en la historia. Asimismo, las proposiciones comunicativas de estos espacios digitales permiten a los usuarios tanto interactuar y personalizar algunos contenidos, como participar de diversas formas en la construcción de la historia. Por último, coexisten en estos espacios comunicativos paratextos, que establecen vínculos promocionales directos con la primera temporada; e hipertextos, que promocionan la serie a través de la expansión de su universo ficcional, los cuales, tras finalizar la primera temporada, se pueden considerar también como hipotextos, que sirven como textos-puente para promocionar una futura producción de la serie.
Estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre narrativa transmedia en España hasta 2016: Análisis descriptivo de las 20 principales revistas de comunicación españolas según Google Scholar Metrics (h5)
Authors: Vicente Torrico David
Published: January 2021

La narrativa transmedia se ha consolidado como una disciplina emergente, con un creciente número de publicaciones, comunicaciones y tesis doctorales sobre la materia, por lo que en este trabajo proponemos recopilar y evaluar el estado actual de la investigación aplicando un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo sobre los artículos publicados hasta la fecha en las principales revistas del ámbito de la comunicación en España. Tras una delimitación conceptual, atenderemos a dimensiones identificativas, como el desarrollo cronológico, la autoría o el centro de adscripción, y a cuestiones metodológicas, como los objetos de estudio analizados, las técnicas de estudio empleadas y las referencias bibliográficas en las que se han apoyado los autores, con el objeto de consolidar los avances registrados en este campo y servir como punto de apoyo para futuras investigaciones. Los resultados demuestran un progresivo aumento en la producción científica, en la que se imponen los estudios de caso sobre productos generados en los medios convencionales, con unas referencias bibliográficas y de autoría muy atomizadas.
Elektro Çekim Yöntemi ile Haloysit Katkılı Biyo-Bazlı Termoplastik Poliüretan Nanolif Üretimi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: AKIN Ecem , DEMIROGLU Sibel , ALYAMAÇ Elif , SEYDİBEYOĞLU Özgür
Published: January 2021

In this study, it was aimed to produce biocomposite nanofibers by using electrospinning technique and to form biocomposite structure, bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane (BioTPU) and halloysite (HST) mineral obtained from natural sources were used. Electrospinning parameters have been optimized for the production of nanofibers with smooth morphology and the polymer solution with the most suitable parameter was determined. Different concentrations of HST filled BioTPU nanofibers were produced and the rheological behavior of the solutions was investigated with a rotational rheometer before electrospinning to observe the effects of halloysite on fiber morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out to determine the chemical composition of acquired nanofibers, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to monitor surface morphologies. Contact angle measurements were carried out to observe the effects of halloysite on the hydrophilicity of nanofiber. According to rheology results, it has been found out that the solution viscosity, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G'') of halloysite increased up to a certain concentration (0.3 % HST), but later caused falls on viscosity. According to the results of FTIR analysis, there is no chemical bond between halloysite and BioTPU, but SEM images show that halloysite was added to the structure of nanofibers. It was also found that the halloysite added to the structure increased the fiber diameters and that the fiber cross-section was not uniformly distributed along the fiber axis. The results of contact angle analysis indicated that acquired nanofibers have hydrophobic surface and the added halloysite decreases contact angles of nanofibers.
Tekstil Takviyeli Beton Üretiminde Kullanılmak Üzere Yüksek Performanslı Hibrit İplik Geliştirilmesi Ve Üretim Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu
Authors: KURBAN Mutlu , BABAARSLAN Osman
Published: January 2021

Textile-Reinforced Concrete (TRC) is a new construction material and has been used in civil engineering applications such as façade systems, sandwich panel and outside furniture during the past several decades. Generally in TRC, glass, carbon filaments, etc. are used to reinforce concrete because these high-performance filaments have superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Coating of these filaments with different polymers provide extra performance for TRC’s durability. But, because of coating materials’ cost and stiffness, using of coating for TRC is not so advantageous. For these reasons, new approaches are needed. In this study, a new hybrid yarn design and production for TRC are emphasized. AR-Glass and polypropylene filament were used for production of hybrid yarn by commingling method. It was aimed to optimize the parameters of commingling yarn production with Taguchi orthogonal design. The experiments were performed by using L9 orthogonal matrix with respect to Taguchi approach. The best strength value in the study was obtained in production parameters where the machine production speed is 50 m / min, the air pressure is 6 bar and the feeding amount is 2%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal/noise ratio were used to evaluate the experiment results. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that the machine production speed has the greatest effect on the breaking strength and the feed amount has the lowest effect.
Política Cultural: conceito, trajetória e reflexões
Authors: García Canclini Néstor
Published: January 2021

O livro foi concebido com o intuito de comemorar os 30 anos do conceito de política cultural de Néstor García Canclini, um clássico no campo de estudos da cultura. Os artigos que constituem a obra buscam refletir sobre a relevância das políticas culturais num cenário em que a própria ideia de nação é posta em xeque diante da potência dos grupos hegemônicos de cultura e comunicação e das novas formas de criatividade e consumo cultural possibilitadas pelas tecnologias. Em síntese, a publicação contribui para a consolidação acadêmica da política cultural e para a formação crítica daquelas(es) que atuam no âmbito da organização cultural no Brasil.
"De det er jobb med og som ikke har kommet noen vei"
Authors: Olaussen Andrea Hjertås , Kjelaas Irmelin
Published: January 2021

Denne artikkelen omhandler fire norsklæreres forestillinger om flerspråklighet i skolen. Lærere har en nøkkelrolle i å implementere språk- og språkopplæringspolitikk. Med ny læreplan, Kunnskapsløftet 2020, er betoningen av språklig mangfold i skolen styrket. Både i overordnet del og i læreplanene for de ulike språkfagene, er språklig mangfold løftet fram, og det heter blant annet at: “Alle elever skal få erfare at det å kunne flere språk er en ressurs i skolen og i samfunnet” (Kunnskapsdepartementet 2017). Dette gjør det viktig og interessant å undersøke lærere generelt, og norsklærere spesielt, sine forestillinger om flerspråklighet. Læreres forestillinger – og praksis – vil være påvirket av den sosiolingvistiske konteksten (Sollid 2019), og norsklærere står i en “sosiolingvistisk særstilling” idet de har et særlig mandat til å videreføre norsk språk og kulturarv. Dette gjør det særlig interessant å undersøke forestillingene deres i lys av språklige ideologier, det vil si implisitte, selvfølgeliggjorte forestillinger om språk, språkbruk, språkbrukere og altså språkopplæring (McGroarty 2010). Denne studien legger et slikt sosiolingvistisk perspektiv til grunn og undersøker mer konkret hvilke forestillinger lærerne har om flerspråklighet, flerspråklige elever og flerspråklighet i opplæringen. Studien er kvalitativ med dybdeintervju som datainnsamlingsmetode. Et hovedfunn er at lærerne har en relativt smal definisjon av flerspråklighet, og primært oppfatter elever med en annen nasjonal og språklig bakgrunn og lav akademisk progresjon som flerspråklige. Videre finner vi at lærerne er orientert mot elevenes norsklæring, og oppfatter morsmål/førstespråk som et redskapsspråk for å lære norsk. Det er dessuten primært kulturelt og ikke språklig mangfold som trekkes fram som en ressurs i opplæringen. Vår tolkning er at lærernes forestillinger kan forstås som uttrykk for en enspråklighetsideologi (Blommaert 2009), som sammen med en “en-nasjon-ett-språk”-ideologi (Blackledge & Creese 2010), purisme (Ommeren 2017) og nativespeakerism (Ortega 2019) resulterer i at flerspråklige elever ikke bare konstrueres som, men også risikerer å bli, elever med vesentlige utfordringer i opplæringen – altså elever som “det er jobb med”.
Digitalization of teacher education
Authors: Lund Andreas , Aagaard Toril
Published: January 2021

This paper examines emerging epistemologies in the wake of increased digitalization and the extent to which student teachers are prepared for such epistemologies in their teacher education (TE) programs. Although there are a number of studies on digital epistemologies, few have examined the implications of digitally extended, embedded, and embodied cognition and the ensuing epistemic practices. This study’s analytic focus is partly on a number of project proposals that reflect some of these trends and partly on two surveys of (and some interviews with) student teachers at two universities who were engaged in developing their professional digital competence (PDC) as part of the TE programs. The surveys and interviews indicate that TE tends to focus on the use of digital technologies and less on addressing deeper, epistemological issues in efforts to foster student teachers’ PDC. These findings signify a gap between emerging epistemological trends and how student teachers are prepared for such trends. We conclude by suggesting a focus on digital, epistemic, and transformative agency for TE to cope with the increased digitalization of epistemic practices.
Rubbing the room
Authors: Restler Victoria
Published: January 2021

This article describes a visual ethnographic intervention at a New York City public school. The intervention and the images that resulted—a series of life-size red wax rubbings on paper—work in relation to visual discourses and dynamics of contemporary school accountability. In the article, the author situates the images and image-making in the context of her broader multimodal qualitative study on teachers’ invisible labor in urban schools. The author makes sense of this visual ethnographic intervention through a series of three conceptual dyads: witnessing/ evidence; positionality/ art; and intimacy/ “tactile epistemology,” (Marks 2000).
Measurement and differentiation of banana juice scent using an electronic nose FF-2A
Authors: Nomura Mayumi , Osada Erika , Tokita Tsuyoshi , Iwamoto Takeo , Manome Yoshinobu
Published: January 2021

Background

Banana juice is becoming a popular beverage in Japan and the number of soft-drink stands or shops that take great care and pride in the quality of their products has been increasing. This study aims to measure the scent of banana juice from different brands using the electronic (e-) nose FF-2A in order to identify the characteristics, time-related changes, and the differences among them.

Methods

We standardized the scent value of banana juice measured using FF-2A and determined the absolute value in three different shops. We compared the similarities in samples from each shop with axis data created using standardized measurement. With FF-2A we identified the scent common to all banana juice samples from the composite scent and numerically showed the similarity to the reference gas.

Results

The juices from each shop had their own characteristics and we were able to identify the difference between some of these. The response of FF-2A varied according to the increase/decrease in the number of characteristic molecules measured by GC-MS such as overtime fluctuations in the gas. These data were shown along with the differences between the various banana juices.

Conclusions

FF-2A was able to identify the scent of banana juice at each banana shop as well as time-related changes. By combining GC-MS, we were able to evaluate scent components that changed over time. The results using the electronic nose may prove useful for objective evaluation and comparison of scent with other types of juices.
Environmental drivers of fish community functional diversity in arid mangroves compared to a tropical estuary
Authors: Payan-Alcacio Juan Ángel , De la Cruz-Agüero Gustavo , Moncayo-Estrada Rodrigo
Published: January 2021

Mangroves are important habitats for fish across latitudinal gradients, but few studies have examined fish community functional diversity in mangroves from arid environments. To address this, we assembled 11 morpho-functional traits and taxonomic diversity for 123 fish species and environmental characteristics from 3 mangrove ecosystems in the Gulf of California, where arid conditions prevail. We compared these arid mangrove fish communities to a semitropical community in an estuarine condition to analyze functionality. Arid mangrove fish communities were similar to each other, but different from semitropical estuarine fish communities (R = 0.951, P = 0.007). Mangrove fish communities had higher trait diversity than the estuarine community, but the estuary had higher redundancy. Taxonomic diversity showed a latitudinal gradient, with the southernmost site in the arid region functioning as a transition site to estuarine communities. Despite the different taxonomic composition, the functional structure remained similar in the fish communities within the arid region and had higher counts of diverse traits than the site with estuarine conditions. High salinity and evaporation deficit in the arid mangroves relaxed habitat filtering pressures relative to the estuarine conditions, where the higher tolerance to salinity changes imposes redundant morphologies. Future studies should focus on seasonal variation of environmental effects on the functional aspects of the fish community.
Genoma mitocondrial completo del lenguado de California, Paralichthys californicus
Authors: Vargas-Peralta Carmen E , Farfán Claudia , Lafarga-De La Cruz Fabiola , Barón-Sevilla Benjamín , Del Río-Portilla Miguel A
Published: January 2021

El lenguado de California, Paralichthys californicus, es una especie de pez plano con un alto valor econónico debido a su tamaño y a la calidad de su carne. En este trabajo se presenta el genoma mitocondrial completo de P. californicus. Se extrajo ADN total de tejido muscular y se secuenció utilizando la plataforma Illumina. Las lecturas obtenidas se limpiaron, se recortaron, se ensamblaron de novo y se anotaron. El mitogenoma del lenguado de California tiene una logitud de 16,858 pb (número de acceso del GenBank: MT859134) y contiene 13 genes codificadores de proteínas, 22 ARNt, 2 ARNr y la región control. El mitogenoma de P. californicus fue más similar al de Paralichthys olivaceus que a mitogenomas de otros peces planos, en concordancia con su distribución geográfica. La información aquí presentada incrementa el conocimiento del lenguado de California, el cual no solo es una especie de importancia económica, sino también un recurso socioeconómico relevante para la pesquería y la acuicultura de California, EUA, y de Baja California, México.
Can Study of Variations in Platelet Indices in Adult Thrombocytopenias Help to Differentiate the Underlying Mechanism? A Prospective Study
Authors: Shubha HV , Shetty Archana , Vivek TG , Chowdappa Vijaya
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia (TCP) is defined as a platelet count below 1,50,000 per microliter. This fall can be attributed to increased destruction, decreased production in bone marrow and pooling of platelets. A good knowledge of the cause and clinical course of the underlying pathology as reflected by the platelet indices contributes to the better management of TCP. With the advent of automation in haematology, these indices are now available from the routinely used blood cell counters in the laboratory. Aim: To determine if studying the variation in platelet indices helps to identify the aetiology of TCP. Materials and Methods: The prospective study was conducted in the haematology wing of central diagnostics attached to a medical college in Bangalore, Karnataka, India over a period of three months from June 2019 to August 2019. A total of 598 cases of adult TCPs were encountered, out of which 505 cases met the inclusion criteria and were categorised into three groups, namely- Hyperdestructive (Group 1), Hypoproductive (Group 2) and Abnormal pooling (Group 3). Variation of platelet indices {Platelet count, Plateletcrit (PCT), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW)} were studied not only between the groups but also with the severity of TCPs. Data was analysed using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 20 and tested for statistical significance using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Of the 505 cases a majority fell under Group 1- 420 cases (83%). A higher value of MPV (11.870±1.3) and PDW (15.63±3.4) were seen in Group 1 compared to Groups 2 and 3. There was also significant variation among the platelet indices (PCT, MPV, PDW) with the severity of TCPs. Conclusion: Platelet counts along with a good knowledge on interpretation of platelet parameters obtained by automated analysers play a pivotal role in determining the aetiology of TCPs, thereby, providing better initial patient management.
Studies on Optimization of Culture Conditions and Medium Components for the Production of Mycelial Biomass of Auricularia delicata under Submerged Fermentation
Authors: Jacob Muharagi Samwel , Xiao Li , Stephano Mabagala Frank , Anran Xu
Published: January 2021

Aims: To optimize the culture conditions and medium components for the production of mycelial biomass of A. delicata under submerged fermentation.

Place and Duration of Study: China–Zambia Agricultural demonstration center and Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, China between July 2019 and June 2020.

Methodology: In this study, a single factor at a time method was employed in the optimization of submerged culture conditions and medium components for the production of mycelial biomass of A. delicata (strain YD 99). Each factor was screened independently while other factors were kept constant.

Results: The findings of this study demonstrate that the optimal culture conditions obtained were as follows: carbon source (Glucose) 20 gl-1, pH 6.0, nitrogen source (Yeast extract) 2 gl-1, mineral elements (K2HPO4+MgSO4.7H20) 2gl-1, and incubation temperature 25°C. The application of these optimal culture conditions produced a maximum concentration of 7.34gl-1 mycelial biomass of A. delicata.

Conclusion: Consequently, our results indicated that the optimization of culture conditions and medium components is of significant importance for the cultivation of A. delicata.