bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Pertumbuhan Gigi Balita Dengan Menggunakan Metode Dempster Shaper
Authors: Cubfritua Cubfritua , Sianturi Fricles Ariwisanto , Gea Asaziduhu
Published: October 2019

Abstrak

 

Sistem pakar (expert system) adalah sistem yang berusaha mengadopsi pengetahuan manusia ke komputer, agar komputer dapat menyelesaikan masalah seperti yang biasa dilakukan oleh para ahli. Sistem pakar yang baik dirancang agar dapat menyelesaikan suatu permasalahn tertentu dengan meniru kerja dari para ahli. Dempster-Shafer adalah suatu teori matematika untuk pembuktian berdasarkan belief functions and plausible reasoning (fungsi kepercayaan dan pemikiran yang masuk akal), yang digunakan untuk mengkombinasikan potongan informasi yang terpisah (bukti) untuk mengkalkulasi kemungkinan dari suatu peristiwa. Keterlambatan pertumbuhan gigi pada anak merupakan suatu masalah yang sering terjadi pada anak. Sistem yang dibangun dalam penelitian ini adalah sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa pertumbuhan gigi pada anak usia balita. Dengan metode ini bukan hanya perlu mengetahui penyebab masalah pertumbuhan gigi tetapi yang penting adalah mengetahui dengan cepat masalah pertumbuhan gigi yang diderita serta penanggulangannya, agar masalah pertumbuhan gigi yang diderita oleh anak tidak berdampak dan dapat segera ditangani dengan baik.

 

Keywords : Sistem pakar, gigi,metode dempster shaper

 

Abstract

 

Top of Form

Sistem pakar (expert system) adalah sistem yang berusaha mengadopsi pengetahuan manusia ke komputer, agar komputer dapat menyelesaikan masalah seperti yang biasa dilakukan oleh para ahli. Sistem pakar yang baik dirancang agar dapat menyelesaikan suatu permasalahn tertentu dengan meniru kerja dari para ahli. Dempster-Shafer adalah suatu teori matematika untuk pembuktian berdasarkan belief functions and plausible reasoning (fungsi kepercayaan dan pemikiran yang masuk akal), yang digunakan untuk mengkombinasikan potongan informasi yang terpisah (bukti) untuk mengkalkulasi kemungkinan dari suatu peristiwa. Keterlambatan pertumbuhan gigi pada anak merupakan suatu masalah yang sering terjadi pada anak. Sistem yang dibangun dalam penelitian ini adalah sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa pertumbuhan gigi pada anak usia balita dengan menggunakan metode dempster shaper. Dengan metode ini bukan hanya perlu mengetahui penyebab masalah pertumbuhan gigi tetapi yang penting adalah mengetahui dengan cepat masalah pertumbuhan gigi yang diderita serta penanggulangannya, agar masalah pertumbuhan gigi yang diderita oleh anak tidak berdampak dan dapat segera ditangani dengan baik.Penelitian ini membangun aplikasi menggunakan metode dempster shaper  dengan menggunakan aplikasi Visual Basic 2010 sebagai alat bantu untuk mendiagnosa pertumbuhan gigi pada anak usia balita.

 

Keywords: Expert System, dempster shaper methodBottom of Form
Penerapan Sistem Pakar Untuk Pengecekan Kerusakan CCTV Dengan Metode Certainty Factor
Authors: Sibuea Petrus , Sagala Jijon Raphita , Gea Asaziduhu
Published: October 2019

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tentang sistem pakar yang dirancang untuk membantu atau mempermudah kinerja teknisi maupun costumer. Sistem ini dapat melakukan pengecekan ataupun mendiagnosa kerusakan pada CCTV. Sistem pakar yang dibangun ini mampu mendeteksi 14 jenis kerusakan yang terdapat pada CCTV. kerusakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk pengecekan antara lain chipset VGA/HDMI DVR rusak, tampilan chanel bercahaya terang, kabel HDMI/VGA terputus, adaptor camera mati, hardisk error, dvr mati, kabel putus atau rusak, connector bnc longgar, connector power rusak, adaptor kurang voltase, kabel CCTV induksi listrik, lensa camera kotor, infraret kamera rusak, listrik tidak stabil. Hasil pengecekan kerusakan CCTV adalah berupa jenis kerusakan, nilai persentase kerusakan, jenis gejala, beserta solusi yang ditawarkan oleh sistem pakar. Sistem pakar ini menerapkan atau mengaplikasikan metode certainty factor pada proses perhitungannya. Metode certainty factor merupakan salah satu metode yang terdapat pada sistem pakar yang dapat menghitung atau mengolah nilai-nilai probabilitas setiap gejala, yang dihitung menggunakan rumus certainty factor sehingga menghasilkan  kesimpulan berupa jenis kerusakan dan nilai persentase dari setiap gejala yang ada pada CCTV.

 

Kata Kunci: sistem pakar, kerusakan cctv, hikvision,  certainty factor

 

Abstract

 

This study is a research on expert systems designed to help or facilitate the performance of technicians and customers. This system can check or diagnose damage to CCTV. This expert system that is built is able to detect 14 types of damage found on CCTV. damage that can be done to check include VGA / HDMI DVR chipset broken, bright luminous channel display, HDMI / VGA cable disconnected, camera adapter off, hard drive error, DVR dead, cable broken or damaged, BNC connector loose, power connector broken, adapter less voltage, CCTV cable electric induction, dirty camera lens, infraret camera is damaged, electricity is unstable. The result of CCTV damage checking is in the form of type of damage, percentage damage value, type of symptom, along with solutions offered by expert systems. This expert system applies or applies the certainty factor method to the calculation process. The method of certainty factor is one of the methods found in the expert system that can calculate or process the probability values ​​of each symptom, which is calculated using the certainty factor formula to produce a conclusion of the type of damage and the percentage value of each symptom that is on CCTV.

 

Keywords: expert system, cctv damagee, hikvision, certainty factor
Optimasi Penjadwalan Mata Pelajaran Menggunakan Algoritma Steepest Ascent Hill Climbing
Authors: Panggabean Tongam Evi , Natalia Yuchia
Published: October 2019

Proses pembelajaran di sekolah yang efektif sangat ditentukan oleh pembuatan jadwal mata pelajaran. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penjadwalan yang optimal dengan pengaturan alokasi waktu dan ruang belajar secara akurat terhadap peserta didik, guru, mata pelajaran, dan fasilitas pembelajaran. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah penjadwalan mata pelajaran yang optimal diperlukan algoritma yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah multi-kriteria dan multi-objektif karena ada beberapa kendala yang harus diselesaikan dalam masalah ini seperti kendala pada peserta didik, guru, mata pelajaran dan fasilitas belajar mengajar.

Salah satu algoritma yang dapat digunakan dalam menyelesaikan masalah ini adalah algoritma steepest ascent hill climbing. Algoritma steepest ascent hill climbing adalah salah satu algoritma yang sangat tepat digunakan dalam menyelesaikan masalah optimasi kompleks yang sulit dilakukan oleh metode konvensional. Algoritma steepest ascent hill climbing merupakan pengembangan dari algoritma simple hill climbing, urutan penggunaan operator tidak berpengaruh terhadap solusi.

Pengujian sistem ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pengujian terhadap prioritas- prioritas yang ada. Berdasarkan nilai heuristik yang diperoleh dari setiap successor- successornya, maka membuktikan bahwa sistem ini mampu memenuhi setiap prioritas yang ada. Dengan dibuatnya sistem ini, diharapkan dapat mengoptimasi penjadwalan mata pelajaran pada SMA Methodist Binjai.

Keyword: penjadwalan, mata pelajaran, algoritma steepest ascent hill climbing
Aplikasi Kompresi GZip Pada Sistem Pemberkasan Digital Dokumen PKM Berbasis PHP
Authors: Tommy Tommy , Elhanafi Andi M.
Published: October 2019

Documents of research and community dedication have become an inseparable part of a higher education institution. The documents usually stored digitally on a dedicated server or on several public servers or even stored locally. The number of digital documents will continue to increase over time so that the need for greater capacity will continue to emerge from time to time. To reduce the need of capacity requirements that continue to increase, it is necessary to have a compression feature that can be used to reduce document size so as to reduce storage requirements. In this study, a digital archieving system for research and community dedication documents was developed to that was not only used to manage these documents but also applied the Gzip compression module from the PHP library to help reduce storage consumption. Testing the implementation of Gzip on the compression of digital documents stored results in a compression ratio reaching 17.35% in docx documents and 12.02% in pdf documents.

Keywords : Document, Digital, Compression, Gzip, PHP.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Employee Engagement Tenaga Keperawatan dan Penunjang Medik di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Bandung
Authors: Suryaningrum Aisyah Geovani , Silvianita Anita
Published: October 2019

Employee engagement merupakan wujud loyalitas karyawan terhadap perusa haan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiya h Bandung. Terdapat indikasi bahwa adanya tingkat employee engagement yang tinggi pada tenaga keperawatan dan penunjang medik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk men getahui faktor-faktor pembentuk employee engagement tenaga keperawatan dan penunjang medik di Rumah Sa kit Muhammadiyah Bandung. Faktor-faktor employee engagement pada penelitian ini menggunakan teori Anitha (2014) yang terbagi atas t ujuh faktor yang terdiri dari lingkungan kerja, kepemimpinan, hubungan tim dan re kan kerja, pelatihan dan pengembangan karir, kompensasi, kebijakan organisas i, dan kesejahteraan di tempat kerja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuant itatif bersifat deskriptif. Responden penelitian berjumlah 80 karyawan keperawatan dan pe nunjang medik Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Bandung dengan pengambilan sampel meng gunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling dan teknik analisisnya menggunakan metode analisis faktor dengan bantuan SPSS Versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat employee engagement tenaga keperawatan dan penunjang medik dalam kateg ori tinggi. Variabel pendorong dari tingginya tingkat employee engagement tenaga keperawatan dan penunjang medik di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Bandung adalah pelatihan dan pengembangan karir. Penelitian ini menghasilkan dua faktor baru yaitu Faktor Supportive Leadership dengan variabel kontribusi terbesarnya adalah kese jahteraan di tempat kerja dan Faktor Organizational Policies dengan variabel kontribusi terbesarnya adalah variabel hubungan tim dan rekan kerja.
Pengaruh Reward dan Punishment Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Perusahaan Startup Entra Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma Muslikhah , Luturlean Bachruddin Saleh
Published: October 2019

Startup sebagai bisnis baru yang didirikan menghadapi kondisi ketidakpastian yang sangat tinggi, apakah startup tersebut akan berhasil atau gagal. Ketidakpastian inilah yang dihadapi oleh para pendiri startup sehari-hari. Dari sisi lain perusahaan startup tidak memiliki jam kerja terikat serta cara berpakaiannya, hal tersebut memberikan kenyamanan tersendiri bagi karyawannya. Perusahaan Entra Indonesia adalah salah satu perusahaan startup yang bergerak dibidang ethnic travel. Salah satu cara agar meningkatkan kinerja karyawan yang baik, Entra Indonesia menerapkan reward dan punishment. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif dan kausal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan Entra Indonesia yang berjumlah 38. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh, dimana semua populasi menjadi sampel. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi berganda. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh tanggapan karyawan mengenai penerapan reward dan punishment terhadap kinerja secara keseluruhan masuk dalam kategori baik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi berganda pengaruh reward secara parsial terhadap kinerja sebesar 0,491 dan pengaruh punishment secara parsial terhadap kinerja sebesar 0,622. Pengaruh reward dan punishment secara simultan terhadap kinerja sebesar 81,5% dan sisanya 18,5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
المصدر في اللغة الإيطالية
Authors: عويلم عمر
Published: October 2019

المصدر في اللغة الإيطالية، كما تبين لنا من خلال هذه الورقة البحثية، يرد في كثير من المواضع اللغوية، فقد يتبع المصدر بعض الأفعال كالأفعال المقيدة I verbi servili مباشرة أو بعض الأفعال الأساسية مثل الفعل piacere كما في العبارة التالية mi piace cantare. أو قد يتبع بعض الأفعال الأخرى بشكل غير مباشر وذلك في وجود حرف جر، كحرفي الجر a أو di واللذان يعملان كأدوات مصدرية مع هذه الأفعال، مثلا non abbiamo ancora finito di fare i nostri compiti. وقد يرد في بعض الأساليب الكلامية كما في أسلوب الأمر Il modo imperativo للمفرد المخاطب، أو في الجمل التابعة غير الصريحة Le subordinate implicite والتي تتخذ وظائف متعددة يكون المصدر أحد مكوناتها. ومن خلال كل المواقع التي يرد بها المصدر في اللغة الإيطالية والتي أتى الباحث على توضيحها في هذا البحث، تتجلى لنا أهمية إدراك هذه المواقع وأثرها على مستوى تعلم اللغة الإيطالية وتحسينها لدى من يتعلمها.
Diagnosing 0.1–10 au Scale Morphology of the FU Ori Disk Using ALMA and VLTI/GRAVITY
Authors: Liu Hauyu Baobab , Mérand Antoine , Green Joel D. , Pérez Sebastián , Hales Antonio S. , Yang Yao-Lun , Dunham Michael M. , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Henning Thomas , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Kóspál Ágnes , Takami Michihiro , Vorobyov Eduard I. , Zhu Zhaohuan
Published: October 2019

We report new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3 (86–100 GHz; ∼80 mas angular resolution) and Band 4 (146–160 GHz; ∼50 mas angular resolution) observations of the dust continuum emission toward the archetypal and ongoing accretion burst young stellar object FU Ori, which simultaneously covered its companion, FU Ori S. In addition, we present near-infrared (2–2.45 μm) observations of FU Ori taken with the General Relativity Analysis via VLT InTerferometrY (GRAVITY; ∼1 mas angular resolution) instrument on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). We find that the emission in both FU Ori and FU Ori S at (sub)millimeter and near-infrared bands is dominated by structures inward of ∼10 au radii. We detected closure phases close to zero from FU Ori with VLTI/GRAVITY, which indicate the source is approximately centrally symmetric and therefore is likely viewed nearly face-on. Our simple model to fit the GRAVITY data shows that the inner 0.4 au radii of the FU Ori disk has a triangular spectral shape at 2–2.45 μm, which is consistent with the H2O and CO absorption features in a

10−4
M
⊙ yr−1, viscously heated accretion disk. At larger (∼0.4–10 au) radii, our analysis shows that viscous heating may also explain the observed (sub)millimeter and centimeter spectral energy distribution when we assume a constant, ∼10−4
M
⊙ yr−1 mass inflow rate in this region. This explains how the inner 0.4 au disk is replenished with mass at a modest rate, such that it neither depletes nor accumulates significant masses over its short dynamic timescale. Finally, we tentatively detect evidence of vertical dust settling in the inner 10 au of the FU Ori disk, but confirmation requires more complete spectral sampling in the centimeter bands.
Albedos, Equilibrium Temperatures, and Surface Temperatures of Habitable Planets
Authors: Del Genio Anthony D. , Kiang Nancy Y. , Way Michael J. , Amundsen David S. , Sohl Linda E. , Fujii Yuka , Chandler Mark , Aleinov Igor , Colose Christopher M. , Guzewich Scott D. , Kelley Maxwell
Published: October 2019

The potential habitability of known exoplanets is often categorized by a nominal equilibrium temperature assuming a Bond albedo of either ∼0.3, similar to Earth, or 0. As an indicator of habitability, this leaves much to be desired, because albedos of other planets can be very different, and because surface temperature exceeds equilibrium temperature due to the atmospheric greenhouse effect. We use an ensemble of general circulation model simulations to show that for a range of habitable planets, much of the variability of Bond albedo, equilibrium temperature and even surface temperature can be predicted with useful accuracy from incident stellar flux and stellar temperature, two known parameters for every confirmed exoplanet. Earth’s Bond albedo is near the minimum possible for habitable planets orbiting G stars, because of increasing contributions from clouds and sea ice/snow at higher and lower instellations, respectively. For habitable M star planets, Bond albedo is usually lower than Earth’s because of near-IR H2O absorption, except at high instellation where clouds are important. We apply relationships derived from this behavior to several known exoplanets to derive zeroth-order estimates of their potential habitability. More expansive multivariate statistical models that include currently non-observable parameters show that greenhouse gas variations produce significant variance in albedo and surface temperature, while increasing length of day and land fraction decrease surface temperature; insights for other parameters are limited by our sampling. We discuss how emerging information from global climate models might resolve some degeneracies and help focus scarce observing resources on the most promising planets.
Opposite Polarity Magnetic Fields and Convective Downflows in a Simulated Sunspot Penumbra
Authors: Bharti Lokesh , Rempel Matthias
Published: October 2019

Recent numerical simulations and observations of sunspots show a significant amount of opposite polarity magnetic fields within the sunspot penumbra. Most of the opposite polarity fields are associated with convective downflows. We present an analysis of 3D MHD simulations through forward modeling of synthetic Stokes profiles of the Fe i 6301.5 Å and Fe i 6302.5 Å lines. The synthetic Stokes profiles are spatially and spectrally degraded considering typical instrument properties. Line bisector shifts of the Fe i 6301.5 Å line are used to determine line-of-sight velocities. Far wing magnetograms are constructed from the Stokes V profiles of the Fe i 6302.5 Å line. While we find an overall good agreement between observations and simulations, the fraction of opposite polarity magnetic fields, the downflow filling factor, and the opposite polarity-downflow association are strongly affected by spatial smearing and presence of strong gradients in the line-of-sight magnetic fields and velocity. A significant fraction of opposite polarity magnetic fields and downflows is hidden in the observations due to typical instrumental noise. Comparing simulations that differ by more than a factor of two in grid spacing, we find that these quantities are robust within the simulations.
Global Attenuation in Spiral Galaxies in Optical and Infrared Bands
Authors: Kourkchi Ehsan , Tully R. Brent , Neill J. Don , Seibert Mark , Courtois Hélène M. , Dupuy Alexandra
Published: October 2019

The emerging light from a galaxy is under the influence of its own interstellar medium, as well as its spatial orientation. Considering a sample of 2239 local spiral galaxies in optical (Sloan Digital Sky Survey u, g, r, i, and z) and infrared bands (WISE W1, W1), we study the dependency of the global intrinsic attenuation in spiral galaxies on their morphologies, sizes, and spatial inclinations. Reddening is minimal at the extremes of low mass and gas depletion and maximal in galaxies that are relatively massive and metal-rich and still retain substantial gas reserves. A principal component constructed from observables that monitor galaxy mass, relative H i content to old stars, and infrared surface brightness is strongly correlated with the amplitude of obscuration. We determine both a parametric model for dust obscuration and a nonparametric model based on the Gaussian process formalism. An average dust attenuation curve is derived for wavelengths between 0.36 and 4.5 μm.
Constraints on the Galactic Inner Halo Assembly History from the Age Gradient of Blue Horizontal-branch Stars
Authors: Whitten Devin D. , Beers Timothy C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Santucci Rafael M. , Denissenkov Pavel , Tissera Patricia B. , Mejías Andrea , Hernitschek Nina , Carollo Daniela
Published: October 2019

We present an analysis of the relative age distribution of the Milky Way halo, based on samples of blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars obtained from the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System and Galaxy Evolution Explorer photometry, as well a Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic sample. A machine-learning approach to the selection of BHB stars is developed, using support vector classification, with which we produce chronographic age maps of the Milky Way halo out to 40 kpc from the Galactic center. We identify a characteristic break in the relative age profiles of our BHB samples, corresponding to a Galactocentric radius of R
GC ∼ 14 kpc. Within the break radius, we find an age gradient of −63.4 ± 8.2 Myr kpc−1, which is significantly steeper than obtained by previous studies that did not discern between the inner- and outer-halo regions. The gradient in the relative age profile and the break radius signatures persist after correcting for the influence of metallicity on our spectroscopic calibration sample. We conclude that neither are due to the previously recognized metallicity gradient in the halo, as one passes from the inner-halo to the outer-halo region. Our results are consistent with a dissipational formation of the inner-halo population, involving a few relatively massive progenitor satellites, such as those proposed to account for the assembly of Gaia-Enceladus, which then merged with the inner halo of the Milky Way.
Counter-rotation and High-velocity Outflow in the Parsec-scale Molecular Torus of NGC 1068
Authors: Impellizzeri C. M. Violette , Gallimore Jack F. , Baum Stefi A. , Elitzur Moshe , Davies Richard , Lutz Dieter , Maiolino Roberto , Marconi Alessandro , Nikutta Robert , O’Dea Christopher P. , Sani Eleonora
Published: October 2019

We present 1.4 pc resolution observations of 256 GHz nuclear radio continuum and HCN (J = 3 → 2) in the molecular torus of NGC 1068. The integrated radio continuum emission has a flat spectrum consistent with free–free emission and resolves into an X-shaped structure resembling an edge-brightened bicone. HCN is detected in absorption against the continuum, and the absorption spectrum shows a pronounced blue wing that suggests a high-velocity molecular outflow with speeds reaching 450 km s−1. Analysis of the off-nucleus emission line kinematics and morphology reveals two nested, rotating disk components. The inner disk, inside r ∼ 1.2 pc, has kinematics that are consistent with the nearly edge-on, geometrically thin H2O megamaser disk in Keplerian rotation around a central mass of 1.66 × 107
M
⊙. The outer disk, which extends to ∼7 pc radius, counter-rotates relative to the inner disk. The rotation curve of the outer disk is consistent with rotation around the same central mass as the megamaser disk but in the opposite sense. The morphology of the molecular gas is asymmetric around the nuclear continuum source. We speculate that the outer disk formed from more recently introduced molecular gas falling out of the host galaxy or from a captured dwarf satellite galaxy. In NGC 1068, we find direct evidence that the molecular torus consists of counter-rotating and misaligned disks on parsec scales.
The Reliability of the Low-latency Estimation of Binary Neutron Star Chirp Mass
Authors: Biscoveanu Sylvia , Vitale Salvatore , Haster Carl-Johan
Published: October 2019

The LIGO and Virgo Collaborations currently conduct searches for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences in real time. For promising candidate events, a sky map and distance estimation are released in low latency to facilitate their electromagnetic follow-up. Currently, no information is released about the masses of the compact objects. Recently, Margalit & Metzger suggested that knowledge of the chirp mass of the detected binary neutron stars could be useful to prioritize the electromagnetic follow-up effort, and urged the LIGO-Virgo collaboration to release chirp mass information in low latency. One might worry that low-latency searches for compact binaries make simplifying assumptions that could introduce biases in the mass parameters: neutron stars are treated as point particles with dimensionless spins below 0.05 perfectly aligned with the orbital angular momentum. Furthermore, the template bank used to search for them has a finite resolution. In this paper we show that none of these limitations can introduce chirp mass biases larger than ∼10−3 M
⊙. Even the total mass is usually accurately estimated, with biases smaller than 6%. The mass ratio and effective inspiral spins, on the other hand, can suffer from more severe biases.
CDF-S XT1 and XT2: White Dwarf Tidal Disruption Events by Intermediate-mass Black Holes?
Authors: Peng Zong-Kai , Yang Yi-Si , Shen Rong-Feng , Wang Ling-Jun , Zou Jin-Hang , Zhang Bin-Bin
Published: October 2019

Recently, two fast X-ray transients (XT1 and XT2) have been reported from the search in the Chandra Deep Field (CDF) data. Each transient shows an initial plateau lasting around hundreds to thousands of seconds followed by a rapid decay in the light curve. In particular, CDF-S XT2 is found to be associated with a galaxy at redshift z = 0.738 and was explained as a counterpart of a binary neutron-star merger event. In this Letter, motivated by the short duration and decay slopes of the two transients, we consider an alternative interpretation in which both events are accretion-driven flares from tidal disruption of white dwarfs by intermediate-mass black holes. We derive a theoretical model of the accretion rate history and find that it fits the observed X-ray light curves well. The extremely super-Eddington peak luminosity of XT2 can be explained by the beaming effect of the system, likely in the form of a jet.
A new synonym for Zelia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera, Tachinidae), the genus Opsozelia Townsend, 1919, with the description of three new species
Authors: Dios Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez , de Santis Marcelo Domingos
Published: October 2019

The monotypic tachinid genusOpsozeliaTownsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae) is synonymized withZeliaRobineau-Desvoidy 1830,syn. nov. The single species ofOpsozelia,O. discalisTownsend, 1919, is redescribed asZelia discalis,comb. nov., based on examination of the holotype from Guyana and additional material from Suriname, Brazil and Paraguay. Three new species ofZeliasimilar toZ. discalisare described from Brazil:Z. magnasp. nov.,Z. guimaraesisp. nov.andZ. formosasp. nov. These four species are treated informally as theZelia discalisspecies group. An identification key to the species of this species group is provided based on male specimens. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the male terminalia of all species and for the female terminalia of one species,Z. guimaraesi.
Special issue: V Workshop ACCID
Authors: Rabaseda Joaquim
Published: October 2019

The articles presented in this issue of Intangible Capital form part of the set of contributions that were submitted for the consideration of those attending the V ACCID and APC Conference: New tendencies in Accounting, Control and Finances, which was held at the University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia on June 1, 2018.
Intraoperative Aberrometry Versus Preoperative Biometry for IOL Power Selection After Radial Keratotomy: A Prospective Study
Authors: Curado Sebastião Xavier , Hida Wilson Takashi , Vilar César Martins Cortez , Ordones Virgílio Luiz , Chaves Mário Augusto Pereira , Tzelikis Patrick Frensel
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE:

To compare the accuracy of Optiwave Refractive Analysis (ORA) intraoperative aberrometry (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX) with preoperative biometry in predicting residual refractive error after cataract surgery in eyes that underwent radial keratotomy.

METHODS:

This was a prospective consecutive case series of patients with cataract and prior radial keratotomy. Each patient underwent a preoperative intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation using partial coherence interferometry (IOLMaster version 5; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). For each eye, the Barrett True-K formula was used to select an IOL targeting emmetropia. Residual refractive error was predicted preoperatively using the SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Haigis, and Holladay formulas 1 and 2, and the ORA intraoperatively. Between 8 and 12 weeks after cataract extraction with IOL implantation, the postoperative refraction was compared with the preoperative and intraoperative predictions.

RESULTS:

The study comprised 52 eyes of 34 patients. The median absolute errors associated with each method were as follows: Barrett True-K formula (0.34), ORA aberrometer (0.53), and SRK/T (0.54), Hoffer Q (0.51), Haigis (0.54), SRK/T (0.57), and Holladay formulas 1 and 2 (0.44) (
P
= .08). The proportion of patients within ±0.50 diopters of the predicted error was 63.5%, 48.1%, 44.2%, 48.1%, 53.8%, 36.5%, and 57.7%, respectively (
P
= .03). No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of eyes with hyperopic outcomes (
P
= .68).

CONCLUSIONS:

In eyes with prior radial keratotomy surgery, the ORA aberrometer performance was similar to the Barrett True-K formula and all of the other established formulas, with no significant difference between median absolute error and mean absolute error. The Barrett True-K formula produced significantly more eyes within ±0.50 diopters than the SRK/T, Hoffer Q, and Holladay 1 formulas.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(10):656–661.]
Climate Change Effects, Adaptation, and Mitigation Techniques in Tropical Dry Forests
Authors: Hasnat G. N. Tanjina
Published: October 2019

Tropical dry forests is one of the most unique forest types. It differs from other tropical forests with its climatic behavior like a prominent dry period, little annual rainfall, and high evapotranspiration. Out of six global bioclimatic zones, the forests are distributed in four. Climate change is now the most challenging issue regarding the fate of tropical dry forests. A severe climatic change is estimated to occur between 2040 and 2069 that could drastically change the precipitation pattern, temperature, aridity, and distribution of biodiversity. It could alter the forest type permanently. With a large number of heat-tolerant species, tropical dry forests have a great potentiality to conservationists with the prediction of a large area that could attain the climatic condition favorable for extension of tropical dry forests. But many of the species of tropical dry forests could be extinct due to changing climate at the same time. Proper adaptation and mitigation techniques could minimize the severity of climate change effects.
Diversity and Distribution of Tropical Dry Forests
Authors: Prakasam Raja , Balakrishnan Balaguru , Sebastian Soosairaj
Published: October 2019

Tropical dry forests occur as patches in Tamil Nadu distributed along the East Coast, Eastern Ghats, and plains of the Indian Peninsula. The floristic studies of these regions are of great national relevance as plant resources in a tropical climate contribute to national wealth. Dry forests of the plains in Tamil Nadu have been neglected and the area under study has remained practically unexplored. This chapter studies distribution of tropical dry forests, especially in Pudukkottai district in Tamil Nadu. In total, 187 sacred groves were surveyed for their distribution and floristic composition. The GPS position of each grove was noted and their distribution maps were prepared. The groves were classified based on conservation status, namely well conserved, moderately conserved and degraded. Extensive botanical explorations were carried out periodically during 2012–2016 in these groves and 812 species belonging to 480 genera under 124 families were recorded. The endemic, threatened species of these groves were also documented.
Forest Inventory
Authors: Chukwu Onyekachi , Dau Japheth H.
Published: October 2019

Data and information are required to manage a renewable natural resource (such as forest) sustainably. This information is largely obtained through forest inventories. Forest inventory is very important in forest management since it provides the data for planning, monitoring, evaluation, research, growth and yield, biodiversity, and timber sale. Inadequate and/or irregular forest inventory has resulted to paucity of data on which forest management decisions can be based. This study aimed at enlightening conservationists, ecologists, environmentalists, and forest managers on the need to carryout diversity assessment and inventory of flora and fauna resources within their forest ecosystems. This will help to ensure sustainable yield and prevent the extinction of economic trees and endangered animal species in the tropical dry forests. The study therefore recommended that inventory should be carryout among the tropical dry forests at regular intervals.
The older adult - His contribution to the community of South Africa
Authors: Droskie Z.
Published: October 2019

Growing old involves biological, emotional and social changes. Life roles change but will depend on personal life patterns of work and activity, relationships and attitude. There is a loss in activities requiring speed, but a gain in that requiring carefulness, thoroughness and the use of previous experience. Retirement usually results in adjusting to a low, fixed income. Accumulated skills, knowledge, judgement, wisdom and perspective are lost, yet productivity and creativity can be utilised if the older person is allowed to pursue a career pattern suitable to his needs.
FCX, an arylidene derivative, induces apoptosis in androgen receptor-selective prostate cancer cells
Authors: Prasanna Rajagopalan , Elbessoumy Ashraf A. , Chandramoorthy Harish C. , Dera Ayed , Al Fayi Majed
Published: October 2019

Context:

Rational screening of arylidene derivatives for biological activities has resulted in many lead molecules with anticancer properties with effective therapeutic window.

Aims:

In the current study, FCX, an arylidene derivative, was screened for anticolon and prostate cancer activity.

Settings and Design:

Prostate and colon cancer cell lines were used to check the FCX effect on proliferation, apoptosis, and mechanism of drug action.

Subjects and Methods:

LNCaP, PC-3, HCT-8, and HT-29 cells were treated with various concentrations of the FCX. MTT assay was performed to check proliferation, propidium iodide and Hoechst dual staining for DNA fragmentation, and Annexin V binding assay for apoptosis, and cell cycle assay was done using flow cytometry. Functional androgen-mutated receptor cells were used mechanistic pathway elucidation.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A minimum of three individual replicates at different time periods were taken as mean value. The data were expressed in mean ± standard deviation. Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to assess the statistical difference between the groups.

Results:

FCX inhibited proliferation of prostate cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with more selectivity toward LNCaP cells. Nuclear fragmentation and dose-dependent increase in Annexin V-positive LNCaP cells revealed apoptosis. Cell cycle G2/M phase arrest along with sub-G0/G1 population augmented the antiproliferative observations. Addition of FCX in the presence of estradiol, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone, LNCaP cells markedly caused a dose-dependent increase in cell proliferation indicating the compound activity to be facilitated through androgen receptor pathway.

Conclusions:

Together with the results, it is evident that FCX has a wide therapeutic window in the in vitro inhibition of the prostate cancer cells mediated by hormone-dependent effects.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis
Authors: Turkucar S , Makay B , Tatari H , Unsal E
Published: October 2019

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare benign disorder of a joint which affects its synovium, tendon sheaths and bursas. While most cases of PVNS are adult patients aged between 20-50 years, few afflicted children have also been reported. Clinical signs of PVNS are insidious and non-specific. Pain, swelling and stiffness are the major symptoms. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the best radiological method for diagnosis of PVNS, as the initial X-ray is normal in early phase of disease in most cases. Therefore, diagnosis is often delayed or confused with mechanical disorders, haemophilic arthropathy, tuberculosis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and other disorders. Four paediatric PVNS cases are being reported in this case series with the aim to highlight that PVNS should be considered in the differential diagnoses of chronic monoarthritis. Two of our cases were initially misdiagnosed as JIA and the remaining two as Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). They did not respond to conventional anti-inflammatory treatment and eventually only benefited from surgery. These four cases emphasize that the radiologist and clinician should collaborate carefully while managing any child with monoarthritis to ensure that the diagnosis of PVNS is not missed.
Job stress and satisfaction in faculty of a teaching hospital in south India
Authors: Chichra A , Abhijnhan A , Tharyan P
Published: October 2019

Background:

There are multiple economic, psychological, and physical consequences of high job stress, low job satisfaction and burnout in faculty of a teaching hospital in South India. Data from developing countries on these domains are sparse.

Materials and Methods:

In a cross-sectional study we assessed the prevalence and sources of perceived job stress, job satisfaction and burnout in faculty, as well as ways of coping with stress among consenting faculty of a large, private, charitable, teaching hospital in India using standardized, self-rated questionnaires.

Results:

A total of 304 respondents, 156 (51.3%) were Assistant Professors; 71 (23.4%) were Associate Professors, and 77 (25.3%) were Professors. The majority (175; 58%) were male, younger than 45 years (235; 76%) and from clinical departments (248; 81.5%) A third (96; 31%) reported high overall levels of perceived job stress. In multivariate analyses, age less than 45 years, designation as Assistant or Associate Professor, and working in a clinical department were associated with perceived high job stress; reporting high perceived job satisfaction was protective. Nearly two-thirds (217; 71.4%) of faculty reported high levels of job satisfaction. In multivariate analysis, age less than 45 years and reporting high job stress were associated with low perceived job satisfaction. Causes of stress and satisfaction differed by age, gender and designation. On the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), 88 (29%) had high scores on the emotional exhaustion subscale, 63 (20.8%) had high scores on the depersonalization subscale, and 90 (29.7%) had low scores on the personal achievement subscales. High job stress and low job satisfaction were significantly associated with burnout on the three domains.

Conclusions:

High job stress and low job satisfaction were inversely related in this survey of medical faculty and were significantly associated with levels of burnout. The sources of job stress and job satisfaction identified provide insights that could inform formal institutional mechanisms to prevent burnout in doctors.
Experimental Investigations of Microwave Effects on Rock Breakage Using SEM Analysis
Authors: Teimoori Khashayar , Hassani Ferri , Sasmito Agus Pulung , Madiseh Ali Ghoreishi
Published: October 2019

Preconditioning of hard rocks by microwave energy has recently been considered a potentially effective technology in mechanical rock breakage for civil and mining engineering. To obtain the amount of mechanical damage that a single-mode microwave treatment produces in rocks, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the thermal cracking process by microwave heating at different power levels, exposure times, and distances from the antenna. The current study employs the scanning electron microscopy imaging technique to capture images from surfaces of irradiated rock specimens and to compare them with a nontreated specimen. To evaluate and quantify the amount of cracking (i.e. crack density, crack size, etc.) in a rock specimen after microwave irradiation with different microwave input operating parameters, the following steps were evaluated. First, several experiments of single-mode microwave treatments with different operating parameters were performed on rectangular specimens of basalt. Then, cylindrical core samples with a dimension of r = 0.5 cm, h = 2cm, were drilled from the center of the irradiated specimens and prepared for image processing. The results of the present study show that there are significant differences between the number of microcracks present in samples irradiated at different power levels and distances from the antenna. Also, longer exposure times result in more severe cracks.
Application of microwave and induction heating on fibre-reinforced cementitious materials for the demolition of structures
Authors: Treviño Roque Borinaga , Orbe Aimar , Canales Javier , Cuadrado Jesus , Norambuena-Contreras Jose
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, strengthening and refurbishing of existing structures on urban areas has gained interest in order to reduce costs by avoiding both the use of construction raw materials and the disposal of construction and demolition waste on landfill. Usually, existing structures need to be locally demolished in order to replace either the existing corroded reinforcement or strengthen the existing structure. Among all the existing demolition methods, microwave and induction heating have been proven as a good alternative to generate a local damage with little noise and dust production, which is a desirable feature when structures are in urban areas. However, there is a lack of information about the behaviour of both damaging methods when steel fibre-reinforced concretes are involved. This paper studies the influence of the steel fibre addition on the damaging capacity of both microwave and induction heating demolition methods. For that purpose, mortars containing two different steel fibres (steel fibres used for concrete reinforcement and brass covered steel needles used for mortar reinforcement) were added in three different proportions (0%, 0.5% and 1% by unit volume of mortar) and exposed to up to 10 min of either microwave heating (0.003-0.03 W/mm3, 2.45 GHz) or induction heating (0.016-0.023 W/mm3, 18 kHz). With the aim of evaluating the damage caused by the heating methods, test specimens were visually checked, and mechanical properties were determined via flexural and compressive strength tests. According to the results, mortars exposed to either microwave or induction heating suffered a sudden, violent disintegration without noticing any previous damage on the mortar specimens. Results proved that pressure increment on water-saturated pores caused the failure no matter the fibre type used as a reinforcement. However, for microwave heating, the reflection of microwaves on the fibres tended to concentrate the heating effect on the specimen surface, resulting in higher surface temperatures, but lower damaging potential of the demolition method. Furthermore, similar failure mechanism was observed on oven-dried mortars exposed to microwave heating. Nevertheless, oven dried mortars exposed to induction heating suffered a highly variable, silent and controlled damage, presenting a highly varying quantity of fracture planes that decreased its flexural and compressive strengths by up to 38% and 31%, respectively.
Automatic Measurement of Magnetron Rieke Diagrams
Authors: Bilik Vladimir
Published: October 2019

A Rieke diagram [1] is a magnetron characteristic that visualizes the dependence of the generated frequency fg and the net delivered power PL on the load reflection coefficient GR. GR is defined in a specific magnetron-to-waveguide coupling structure called the standard or reference launcher (Fig. 1). The diagram is plotted as a family of isolines of constant fg and of constant PL in the polar diagram of GR. Rieke diagrams are essential in the design of applications without isolators, such as domestic or professional microwave ovens. Constructing Rieke diagrams is tedious, time-consuming and equipment-demanding [2], [3], preventing systematic studies of their dependence on operating conditions, such as anode voltage and its ripple, filament current, mounting repeatability, etc. We have devised a procedure, centering around a high-power automatic impedance matching device (autotuner), which enables fully automatic measurement and plotting of the stated dependences. A block diagram of the setup is shown in Fig. 1. The autotuner, when terminated in a match (waterload), can accomplish a task inverse to impedance matching: realizing any desired reflection coefficient GR. The measurement consists of stepping through a grid of n suitably chosen reflection coefficients GR = xR + jyR, covering a desired area of the polar diagram. Each GR is measured accurately by the autotuner, along with the corresponding fg and PL. Thus, raw data for constructing a Rieke diagram are obtained, the data consisting of a collection of n points {GR, fg, PL}i, i = 1…n, with GR, in general, irregularly scattered in the complex plane. A dedicated MATLAB routine then reads the data, sorts them out to create tabulated functions fg = f(xR, yR), PL = f(xR, yR), approximates these by a 2D spline, and uses the splines to plot smoothed isocontours for chosen constant values of fg and PL, completing thus the desired Rieke diagram construction. We will present details of this procedure as well as real-life examples. Fig. 1. Rieke diagram measurement setup. References Meredith, R. J., Engineers' Handbook of Industrial Microwave Heating, London: The IEE, 1998, 250–270. Takahashi, H., I. Namba, K. Akiyama, J. Microwave Power, 1979, 14, 261–267.Yixue, W., Z. Zhaotang, Proc. ICMMT'98, 1998, 795–798.
Rapid Synthesis of highly luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots using Low-Pressurized Microwave Solvothermal Heating
Authors: Hagiwara Kenta , Horikoshi Satoshi
Published: October 2019

Since the first serendipity of carbon quantum dots (CQDs)1, it is expected to be used for imaging materials for reusable living bodies (e.g. Hela cells). However, the reported CQDs synthetic methods have yet to be at the practical levels; the quantum yields is low, and synthetic condition is over 5 hrs under more than 30 atms. In this research, we ameliorated the problems of CQDs synthesis and luminescence (quantum yields) by the novel synthesis protocol using microwave chemistry. Specifically, we synthesized high quantum yields CQDs (61%) by utilizing a microwave chemical synthesis, synthesizing at low pressure condition (lower than 5 atom) and short reaction time (3 hrs). The achievement of this high quantum yields made it clear that the contribution of polyethylene glycol (PEG) shell to CQDs is large. It was confirmed from the DLS and TEM image that the particle size of the synthesized particles was 8 to 13 nm (Fig. 1). On the other hand, the relationship between the polymerization degree of added PEG and the quantum yields to the addition amount is summarized in Table 1. The quantum yields of CQDs without addition of PEG was 16.7 %, while it was improved at 61.1 % when 0.6 g of PEG6000 (Molecular weight: 6000) was added.We succeeded in remarkably improving the quantum yields by using PEG, which is usually used as a protective agent, as a shell. By using this method, we succeeded in improving the quantum yields of the existing report by approximately 3 times. From the surface modified structure of PEG, the mechanism of improvement of quantum yields will be considered.[1] X. Xu et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2004, 126, 12736–12737.