bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No-regret Control for a degenerate population model in divergence form with missing birth rate: a nonlinear case
Authors: Sana Mohamed , Sawadogo Somdouda , Tao Sadou
Published: February 2023

We deal with a degenerate population equation in divergence form depending on time, on age and on space. In this model, the birth rate is unknown. We focus on the No-regret control and on the Low-regret control concepts of J. L. Lions treated in [ContrÃ´le Ã  moindres regrets des systÃ¨mes distribuÃ©s, C. R. Acad. Sci.Paris Ser. I Math., SIAM J. Control Optim. ,1992, Vol 315, pp. 1253â€“1257] and in [Duality arguments for multi-agents least regret control, Institut de France, 1999] to treat the problem. For this purpose, we prove first the existence of the Low-regret control and the No-regret control. And we use a suitable Hilbert space to show that the No-regret control is the limit of a family of adapted Low-regret controls defined by a quadratic pertubation and previously used by Nakoulima et al. in [Perturbations Ã  moindres regrets dans les systÃ¨mes distribuÃ©s Ã  donnÃ©es manquantes, C. R. Acad. Sci.Paris Ser. I Math., 2000, Vol 330, pp. 801â€“806]. Then we give a singular optimality system for the family of adapted Low-regret controls and for the No-regret control.
Melting point and microhardness of Cu2-II-IV-VI4 compounds
Authors: DAOUD Salah , Rekab-Djabri Hamza , Beloufa Nabil
Published: February 2023

In the present study, we investigate the correlation between the melting point Tm and the microhardness H of some tetragonal and ortho-rhombic Cu2-II-IV-VI4 semiconducting compounds. After analyzing the experimental data of both Tm and H, we found that the melting point Tm of Cu2-II-IV-VI4 compounds correlates linearly with the microhardness H. With a coefficient of the correlation of around 0.98, the best fit was obtained using the linear model as follow: Tm = 175.54 H +792.27. The significance of the regression is given as the probability P of the null hypothesis (that there is no correlation) P < 0.0001, while the average error on the estimation of the melting point Tm was found only at around 1.54%. Our expression related Tm and H was used to predict the microhardness H of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) material. Our value (2.68 GPa) of H of CZTS deviates from the theoretical one (2.7 GPa) by only around 0.74%.
De-Westernisasi Konsep Manusia: Menelaah Konsep Syed Naquib Al-Attas tentang Hakikat Manusia
Authors: Sandimula Nur Shadiq
Published: February 2023

Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, the renowned scholar of Islamization of Knowledge, has recognized the defect of the western worldview concerning man, which eventually brought havoc to humanity. Al-Attas' concept of the nature of man is encountered as a critique of the Western conception of man that causes epistemological-conceptual problems severely in the Islamic world. This article aims to conceptualize al-Attas' concept of human nature. This qualitative research employs the content analysis method of al-Attas works. It uses a descriptive-philosophical approach. The result shows that al-Attas conceptualized the concept of human nature based on the concept of insan, which is defined as a living being that speaks. The concept becomes the antithesis of the western worldview's concept of man. Man is a new creation associated with the duality of the soul in the human self. The reality of man is his articulate soul (nafs al-nathiqah), the soul that took Covenant (mitsaq) with God. This soul can overcome the animal's desire in his body through the purification of the soul to achieve a state of soul of tranquility (nafs al-muthmainnah). This state of the soul is marked by the tranquility of the soul and settled happiness (sa'adah).
Keywords: Syed Naquib Al-Attas, Islamization of science, humanity, western,eastern
Avaliação de um guia prático para instrumentação periodontal como ferramenta de aprimoramento da aprendizagem em Odontologia
Authors: Andrade Carlos Alexandre Soares , Guimarães Maria do Carmo Machado , Grisi Daniela Corrêa , Duarte Wagner Rodrigues , An Tien-Li , Carneiro Valéria Martins de Araújo
Published: February 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A instrumentação periodontal realizada com instrumentos manuais tem se mostrado um procedimento importante, embora difícil. OBJETIVO: Um Guia Prático de Instrumentação Periodontal (GPIP) foi desenvolvido, contendo desenhos e gráficos, com a finalidade de instruir estudantes de Odontologia. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a aplicação do GPIP como ferramenta de aprendizado para raspagem periodontal e alisamento radicular (RAR). MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudantes foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo 1) segundo ano de graduação (n=25); Grupo 2) terceiro ano de graduação (n=54); e Grupo 3) pós-graduação em periodontia (n=12). O Grupo 1 realizou RAR em um manequim odontológico utilizando o GPIP como ferramenta de orientação. Os Grupos 2 e 3 responderam a um questionário sobre as dificuldades e satisfação do GPIP. Coeficiente Kappa foi usado para analisar a concordância entre os dois avaliadores. O teste U de Mann-Whitney foi realizado para comparar as respostas entre os Grupos 2 e 3 (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: O percentual de sucesso nos procedimentos de raspagem realizados por estudantes do segundo ano de Odontologia foi de 87,54% (k=0,68). O Grupo 2 classificou o GPIP como "Bom" ou "Ótimo" (90,74%). Entre os estudantes de pós-graduação, as avaliações positivas somaram 100%. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os Grupos 2 e 3 quanto à facilidade de compreensão e possibilidade de uso do GPIP para instrumentação periodontal (p>0,05). CONCLUSÕES: O GPIP pode ser uma valiosa ferramenta de ensino para estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação no aprendizado da instrumentação periodontal com curetas.
Biomechanical analysis of different fixed dental restorations on short implants: a finite element study
Authors: Wagner Christian , Herberg Samira , Bourauel Christoph , Stark Helmut , Dörsam Istabrak
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Although the use of short implants is becoming more common for patients with atrophic alveolar ridges, their use is still quite limited. This is due to the lack of data of long-term survival compared to standard-length implants. The aim of this study was to determine the load in the bone and implant system with different superstructures.

Methods

Three kinds of prosthetic restorations were created on short implants based on CT-Data. Two short implants with different macro-geometries were used. The implants were inserted in idealised posterior lower mandibular segments and afterwards restored with a crown, a double splinted crown, and a bridge.

Results

The analysis was performed under load of 300 N either divided between a mesial and distal point or as a point load on the pontic/mesial crown. The different design of the implant systems had a noticeable influence on the stress in the cortical bone, in the implant system, and the displacement of the superstructure as well.

Conclusions

Compared with implants of standard length, higher stresses were observed, which can lead early failure of the implant during the healing period or a late cervical bone resorption. Precise indications are essential for short implants to avoid the failure of short implants.
Robust Finite Element Discretization and Solvers for Distributed Elliptic Optimal Control Problems
Authors: Langer Ulrich , Löscher Richard , Steinbach Olaf , Yang Huidong
Published: February 2023

We consider standard tracking-type, distributed elliptic optimal control problems with

L
2

L^{2}

regularization, and their finite element discretization.
We are investigating the

L
2

L^{2}

error between the finite element approximation

u

ϱ
⁢
h

u_{\varrho h}

of the state

u
ϱ

u_{\varrho}

and the desired state (target)

u
¯

\overline{u}

in terms of the regularization parameter 𝜚 and the mesh size ℎ that leads to the optimal choice

ϱ
=

h
4

\varrho=h^{4}

.
It turns out that, for this choice of the regularization parameter, we can devise simple Jacobi-like preconditioned MINRES or Bramble–Pasciak CG methods that allow us to solve the reduced discrete optimality system in asymptotically optimal complexity with respect to the arithmetical operations and memory demand.
The theoretical results are confirmed by several benchmark problems with targets of various regularities including discontinuous targets.
Transient subordinate clauses in Balkan Turkic in its shift to Standard Average European subordination. Dialectal and historical evidence
Authors: Keskin Cem
Published: February 2023

The Turkic varieties of the Balkans use two main diametrically opposed subordination strategies: (i) the Turkic model, where typical subordinate clauses are prepositive, nonfinite, contain clause-final subordinators, etc. and (ii) the Indo-European model, where typical subordinate clauses are postpositive, finite, contain clause-initial subordinators, etc. The paper observes that Balkan Turkic additionally uses several kinds of subordinate clause that allow for problematic mixtures of these two models (‘X-clauses’). Spread over a spectrum between the Turkic and Indo-European extremes, X-clauses can, for instance, be prepositive but contain clause-initial subordinators. The paper, then, hypothesizes that X-clauses emerge due to uncertainties in the structural parameters of the Balkan Turkic subordination system. Such uncertainties are typical of complex systems undergoing change and arise in the present case due to the shift in Balkan Turkic away from Turkic towards Indo-European subordination.
Exergy analysis of a conceptual CO2 capture process with an amine-based DES
Authors: Ali Emad , Hadj-Kali Mohamed K. , Mokraoui Salim , Khan Rawaiz , Aldawsari Meshal , Boumaza Mourad
Published: February 2023

The energy efficiency of an absorption–desorption system for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas utilizing methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide-monoethanolamine (MEA) deep eutectic solvent is investigated in this article. According to the results, when the working pressure of the absorber column increases, the process becomes significantly exergy deficient, with an exergy loss of 7.63 MW compared to 5.7 MW for a normal MEA process. The majority of the exergy deficit is due to flue gas compression effort, which accounts for 99% of the total process exergy. The process’s exergy shortfall can be improved by lowering the absorber pressure from 10 to 3 atm, lowering the carbon dioxide removal efficiency from 90% to 60%, and increasing the solvent-to-gas ratio from 075 to 7.05. Furthermore, the incorporation of an energy recovery device could allow for an 80–90% reduction in the energy consumed by the gas compressor when running at 10 atm, from 5.7 to 1.2 MJ‧kg CO2
−1. With this adjustment, the deep eutectic solvent-based process can match or outperform the corresponding aqueous alkanolamine solvent-based process in terms of exergy destruction and specific energy consumption.
Synthesis and efficient electrocatalytic performance of Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Sun Zizhan , Yu Chunhu , Cai Zhengyu , Fan Chuangang , Pei Lizhai
Published: February 2023

Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes with triclinic Bi2O3 and cubic Dy2O3 phases were synthesized by a hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal route. The Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The size of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes with curled surface is about 2 μm and thickness is about 25 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the chemical composition of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes. The formation process of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes was investigated by controlling the CTAB concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time. The formation of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes depends on CTAB. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate good electro-catalytic activity of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes towards L-cysteine with a pair of quasi-reversible CV peaks at +0.01 V and –0.68 V, respectively. Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes modified electrode detects L-cysteine linearly over a concentration ranging from 0.001 to 2 mM with a detection limit of 0.32 μM. The proposed nanocomposites modified electrode possesses good reproducibility and stability which can be used as a promising candidate for L-cysteine detection.
A calculation method for GNSS positioning precision based on the posteriori unit weight variance
Authors: Zheng Yifan , Yu Xianwen , Wang Jiafu
Published: February 2023

The precision index is the primary basis for judging the GNSS positioning result, and the positioning mean error is usually used as the precision index in practical applications. In order to solve the problem of mismatch between positioning deviation and mean error in the priori situation, this paper proposed a positioning precision calculation method based on the posteriori unit weight variance and deduced the formulas combining sequential adjustment or Kalman filter, respectively. This method uses the characteristic that there are system errors in error corrections to calculate and screen the posterior unit weight variance. This method introduces the system error’s influence into the mean error, which can improve positioning precision. The application of static difference and RTK proved that this method has remarkable effects, which can significantly alleviate the problem of false high precision and improve the reliability of positioning mean errors.
Remarks on w-distances and metric-preserving functions
Authors: Prinyasart Thanakorn , Samphavat Suchat
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we define new classes of functions related to metrics and w-distances. We also provide characterizations of functions in these classes. As a consequence, we obtain relations between all classes.
Experimental Investigation and Energy Evolution of Brittle Limestone Subjected to Multistage Cyclic Loading
Authors: Liu Shiqi , Wang Huanling , Qu Xiao , Cheng Zhichao
Published: February 2023

In earthquake engineering, dynamic response of rock is a hot topic for investigating rock mechanism characteristics. In this article, limestone collected from the Hongshiyan landslide area induced by the 2014 “8.03” Ludian earthquake in southwest China is used to conduct multi-stage cyclic loading tests. The test results show that as confining pressure, loading frequency, and stress amplitude increase, the dynamic elastic modulus increases gradually. Damping parameters are dependent on confining pressure and can be divided into two evolution modes. Three stages can be obtained based on the residual strain curve, including stable, slow increase, and rapid increase, which correspond to the rock failure process. In addition, energy evolution characteristics are analyzed to express the influence of loading strategies. Dissipated energy gradually accumulates linearly, but stress amplitude and cyclic number promote it.
RESISTIVITY-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE, THERMAL AND ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF Se65-xAs35Sbx THIN FILMS: (1µm, 5 K.min-1 )
Authors:   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, GADALLA A. , SHAABAN E. R. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, A1-Azhar University, Assiut 71542, Egypt, ANAS F. A. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, RAFIQUE S. ,   Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea  University, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom, YOUSEF E. S. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia,   Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2023

Sheet resistance, Rs , measurements for the (Se65-xAs35Sbx thin films with (0 ≤ x ≥ 10) at. %) with thickness film 1000 nm and heating rate, 5 K/min has been explained in this work. Measurements of the sheet resistance used to compute the thermal and electrical parameters in the temperature range from 300 to 665 K. In the sheet resistance curves, two main regions have been considered clearly evidence of one crystallization region for the studied films. The activation energy, Ec , of crystallization and Avrami index, n, were estimated. The change of activation energy with volume of crystalline fraction has been deduced. The electrical results of the studied films appear two types of conduction channels which contribute two conduction mechanisms in crystallized region. The activation energies ΔE, two pre-exponential factors 0  , *  0 and other parameters has been computed in both of the extended and hopping states regions. The crystalline phases for the as-deposited and annealed films were identified using by x-ray diffraction (XRD).
RAMAN SPECTRA AND ELECTRONIC FEATURES FOR NANOTUBES OF ZnSSeWURTZIOD: AB-INITIO
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, Wasit Universiy, Kut –Iraq, AL OGAILI H. A. T. , ABBAS S. I. ,   Department of medical Physics, College of Science, University of Al-karkh , Baghdad, Iraq, MOHAMMED M.A. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Wasit Universiy, Kut –Iraq
Published: February 2023

The ternary alloy ZnSxSe1-x wurtziod can be designed by simulation of DFT when varies the contents of S and Se atom. Study change band gaps of alloy wurtziod and density state. Density functional theory considers of the best approximations which associated with accuracy to simulate the geometrical, electronic characteristics and lines active of Raman. The clusters Zn7S3Se4 wurtziods at nano limited that obtains from wurtzite structure, note that band gaps of alloys decrease with the previous results for ZnS and ZnSe ,also when increase concentrations of Se . Nanotubes of Zn7S3Se4 wurtziods can be noted in the geometrical structures, also in this work found that longitudinal optical shifted toward blue. Investigation of Bond lengths with their densities of alloys Zn7S3Se4 wurtziods and the comparative with practical values.
INVESTIGATING THE NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CuS THIN FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION USING Z-SCAN TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, 58002, Iraq, HUSSAIN S. A. , HADI A. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, 58002, Iraq, NAJIM F. A. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, 58002, Iraq
Published: February 2023

CuS thin films were participated onto glass substrate by using chemical Bath Deposition method at (75οC) for (1hr) with different concentrations (0.03,0.05 and 0.08)M of Thiourea (TU) and Copper Chloride with molar ratio (0.01 ) have been used for solution preparation. As deposition and annealed films were studied. Non-linear absorption coefficient is measured by using Z-Scan technology and it consists of two sections. The first section is closed opening were located before detector to calculate the non-linear refractive index. Whereas the second section, were aperture located before the detector (the open aperture) is taken to calculate the non-linear absorption coefficient. Both cases are done with a CW laser with a wavelength of 650 nm and a power of 50 MW
OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL STUDIES OF DOPED In-Se SYSTEM FOR PHASE-CHANGE MEMORY APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Department of Physics, Centre of Advanced Studies in Physics, Panjab University Chandigarh (160014), India, SHARMA M.D. , GOYAL N. ,   Department of Physics, Centre of Advanced Studies in Physics, Panjab University Chandigarh (160014), India
Published: February 2023

Chalcogenide glasses have gained popularity due to their optical and electrical properties and versatile applications in the field of science and technology. In this manuscript, we describe the preparation of antimony-doped Indium Selenide thin films with different concentrations of antimony. Structure and morphology of the prepared films are studied by X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscope. The properties that are studied during this course of work include optical energy band gap, electrical properties, and dielectric measurements.
STUDY SIMULATION OF TOP-CELL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AlxGa1- xAs/Si1-xGexTANDEM SOLAR CELL
Authors:   Laboratory of Semiconductor Devices Physics, University Tahri Mohammed Bechar, Algeria, ACHOUR M. B , DENNAI B. ,   Laboratory of Renewable Energy Development and their Applications in the Saharan areas, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University Tahri Mohammed Bechar, Algeria, KHACHAB H. ,   Laboratory of Renewable Energy Development and their Applications in the Saharan areas, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University Tahri Mohammed Bechar, Algeria
Published: February 2023

In this study, numerical optimization and analysis utilizing AMPS-1D software package of a simple model for tunnel junction (AlGaAs) between the top cell (AlGaAs) and bottom cell (SiGe) of cascade solar cells. The electrical properties and the photovoltaic performance parameters of AlGaAs/SiGe multijunction solar cells .The possible effects of base of the top cell layer thickness and doping level on solar cell performance parameters are addressed. The conversion efficiency of the solar cell has been found to increase significantly with the doping concentration in the range from 1015 to 1017 cm-3 of 19.52% to 31.19% under the AM1.5G spectrum and one sun. These results are very promising for future potential applications in multijunction and high performance AlGaAs/SiGe solar cells technology.
STUDY ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE AND SICP HYBRID REINFORCED ALUMINUM MATRIX COMPOSITES
Authors:   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China., DU X. M. , FANG G. S. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China., GAO J. B. ,   Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials, Dongguan 523808, China, QI H. T. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China., ZHENG K. F. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China., GUO S. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China., GUO G. S. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China., LIU F. G. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China.
Published: February 2023

Graphene and SiC nanoparticles hybrid reinforced aluminum matrix composites were prepared by ball milling and hot press sintering. The effect of graphene content on microstructure and wear properties of composites was investigated. The results show that increasing the graphene content is beneficial to maintain the structural integrity of graphene during ball milling and hot pressing sintering, and to reduce the stress concentration of SiC nanoparticles on the matrix. The wear resistance of the composite is improved with the increase of graphene content. As the graphene content increases, the wear mechanism changes from abrasive wear to delamination wear. Through the analysis of the cross-sectional morphology of the wear marks, it is found that the improvement of the wear resistance is based on the formation of a graphene-rich dry lubricating layer on the worn surface, which explains the formation mechanism of the graphene dry lubricating layer in the composite.
MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF THIN-FILM SOLAR THERMOELECTRIC COOLING DEVICES
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid 10533, Sudan, ABDALLA A. S. I. , DAFALLA A. M. ,   Laboratory of Advanced Energy Systems, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China, EISA M. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia, ALDAGHRI O. ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia, AL KAOUD A. M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2023

We present a mathematical model for a thin-film solar thermoelectric cooling and power generation depending on current flow at the interface between two different materials. Based on the direction of the current flow, an amount of thermal energy is absorbed or dissipated to offset the disparity in thermal energy between the two key materials. The reliability of thermoelectric energy transfer is obtained in terms of the power generation mode by applying two boundary clauses, one is the external heat input and the other is the temperature at the superior surface. Accordingly, to achieve an efficient and steady-state thermophotovoltaic process due to a thin-film solar cell system, a better understating of the solar energy conversion is needed. The calculated results owing to the process of solar cell conversion provide important intrinsic reliability for thin-film solar cells. with this approach, we address and analyze several modules composed of multiple n-type and ptype thermoelectric heterostructure that connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel.
Two antagonistic response regulators control Pseudomonas aeruginosa polarization during mechanotaxis
Authors: Kühn Marco J , Macmillan Henriette , Talà Lorenzo , Inclan Yuki , Patino Ramiro , Pierrat Xavier , Al‐Mayyah Zainebe , Engel Joanne N , Persat Alexandre
Published: February 2023

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa adapts to solid surfaces to enhance virulence and infect its host. Type IV pili (T4P), long and thin filaments that power surface‐specific twitching motility, allow single cells to sense surfaces and control their direction of movement. T4P distribution is polarized to the sensing pole by the chemotaxis‐like Chp system via a local positive feedback loop. However, how the initial spatially resolved mechanical signal is translated into T4P polarity is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the two Chp response regulators PilG and PilH enable dynamic cell polarization by antagonistically regulating T4P extension. By precisely quantifying the localization of fluorescent protein fusions, we show that phosphorylation of PilG by the histidine kinase ChpA controls PilG polarization. Although PilH is not strictly required for twitching reversals, it becomes activated upon phosphorylation and breaks the local positive feedback mechanism established by PilG, allowing forward‐twitching cells to reverse. Chp thus uses a main output response regulator, PilG, to resolve mechanical signals in space and employs a second regulator, PilH, to break and respond when the signal changes. By identifying the molecular functions of two response regulators that dynamically control cell polarization, our work provides a rationale for the diversity of architectures often found in non‐canonical chemotaxis systems.
The Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention in Canadian child and youth advocacy centres
Authors: Davidson Laura
Published: February 2023

Background: The Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) is an evidence-based early intervention shown to reduce post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents. This intervention has not been explored in the context of the Canadian healthcare landscape, and more specifically at Child and Youth Advocacy Centres (CYACs); multi-disciplinary service hubs who serve those exposed to trauma. Objective: Examine the feasibility and usefulness of the CFTSI in the context of Canadian CYACs. Methods: A mixed-methods design was utilized, consisting of a validated, nationally distributed online survey which served as an environmental scan, and key informant interviews, which were thematically analyzed. Results: 15 of 29 invited centres participated. Prior to this study, six of 15 respondents had been aware of the CFTSI. Furthermore, two participants reported current use of the CFTSI. Of the 13 centres not using it, 10 expressed that the CFTSI would be an acceptable and relevant intervention at their centre, and there was significant interest in possible future implementation. Interviews with experienced clinicians revealed benefits and challenges of the CFTSI’s format, and the influence of family structure, culture and trauma history on outcomes. Finally, some considerations specific to Canadian centres were uncovered and direction for future research suggested. Conclusion: Our findings collectively underscore the potential of the CFTSI to bolster mental health services, which are a priority area requiring improvement at Canadian CYACs. Additionally, this study highlights benefits and challenges relevant to Canadian practice and wide-spread implementation of the CFTSI in this country.
Irisin modulates glucose metabolism and inhibits steroidogenesis in bovine granulosa cells
Authors: Daudon Mathilde , Ramé Christelle , Price Christopher , Dupont Joëlle
Published: February 2023

In brief

Fertility in the dairy cow is low during the post-partum period of negative energy balance and high plasma irisin concentrations. This study shows irisin modulates granulosa cell glucose metabolism and impairs steroidogenesis.

Fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5) is a transmembrane protein discovered in 2012 that is cleaved to release the adipokine-myokine, irisin. Originally described as an exercise hormone that browns white adipose tissue and increases glucose metabolism, irisin secretion also increases during periods of rapid adipose mobilization, such as the post-partum period in dairy cattle when ovarian activity is suppressed. The effect of irisin on follicle function is unclear and may be species-dependent. In this study, we hypothesized that irisin may compromise granulosa cell function in cattle using a well-established in vitro cell culture model. We detected FNDC5 mRNA and both FNDC5 and cleaved irisin proteins in follicle tissue and in follicular fluid. The abundance of FNDC5 mRNA was increased by the treatment of cells with the adipokine visfatin but not by other adipokines tested. The addition of recombinant irisin to granulosa cells decreased basal and insulin-like growth factor 1- and follicle-stimulating hormone-dependent estradiol and progesterone secretion and increased cell proliferation but had no effect on viability. Irisin decreased GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 mRNA levels in granulosa cells and increased lactate release in the culture medium. The mechanism of action is in part through MAPK3/1 but not Akt, MAPK14, or PRKAA. We conclude that irisin may regulate bovine folliculogenesis by modulating granulosa cell steroidogenesis and glucose metabolism.
SLC20a1/PiT-1 is required for chorioallantoic placental morphogenesis
Authors: Correia-Branco Ana , Mei Ariel , Pillai Sreehari , Jayaraman Nirmala , Sharma Radhika , Paquette Alison G , Neradugomma Naveen K , Benson Ciara , Chavkin Nicholas W , Mao Qingcheng , Wallingford Mary C
Published: February 2023

The placenta mediates the transport of nutrients, such as inorganic phosphate (Pi), between the maternal and fetal circulatory systems. The placenta itself also requires high levels of nutrient uptake as it develops to provide critical support for fetal development. This study aimed to determine placental Pi transport mechanisms using in vitro and in vivo models. We observed that Pi (P33) uptake in BeWo cells is sodium dependent and that SLC20A1/Slc20a1 is the most highly expressed placental sodium-dependent transporter in mouse (microarray), human cell line (RT-PCR) and term placenta (RNA-seq), supporting that normal growth and maintenance of the mouse and human placenta requires SLC20A1/Slc20a1. Slc20a1 wild-type (Slc20a1+/+) and knockout (Slc20a1–/–) mice were produced through timed intercrosses and displayed yolk sac angiogenesis failure as expected at E10.5. E9.5 tissues were analyzed to test whether placental morphogenesis requires Slc20a1. At E9.5, the developing placenta was reduced in size in Slc20a1–/–. Multiple structural abnormalities were also observed in the Slc20a1–/–chorioallantois. We determined that monocarboxylate transporter 1 protein (MCT1+) cells were reduced in developing Slc20a1–/–placenta, confirming that Slc20a1 loss reduced trophoblast syncytiotrophoblast 1 (SynT-I) coverage. Next, we examined the cell type-specific Slc20a1 expression and SynT molecular pathways in silico and identified Notch/Wnt as a pathway of interest that regulates trophoblast differentiation. We further observed that specific trophoblast lineages express Notch/Wnt genes that associate with endothelial cell tip-and-stalk cell markers. In conclusion, our findings support that Slc20a1 mediates the symport of Pi into SynT cells, providing critical support for their differentiation and angiogenic mimicry function at the developing maternal–fetal interface.
Igualdad de acceso a la educación superior estadounidense: ¿Realidad o ficción?
Authors: Ruiz Santiago Silvia María
Published: February 2023

American democratic values and ideals affirm that all people have the same chance of success regardless of race, ethnicity, or gender. The equal opportunities that all students must have do not apply to all educational institutions in this country. Leadership theory, instructional as well as evaluative practices have had and still have a great impact on this inequality. In this regard, educational leaders need to put a brake on the policy they are enforcing to balance resources and provide everything needed for an education tailored to all social classes. Higher education should be the means of educating a multicultural society where neither color, race, origin, nor the gender of people comes first. Educational equity must be present in each of the institutions to offer the educated equal opportunities to seek universal social justice.
Unwirksamkeit einer Klausel zur Veräußerung von verpfändeten Wertpapieren bei Unterdeckung eines Lombardkredits
Authors: Raetz Marius
Published: February 2023

Effektenlombardkredite („margin loans“) sind eine Ausprägung des besicherten Darlehensgeschäfts. Sie ermöglichen den fremdfinanzierten Erwerb von Wertpapieren: Die Bank verschafft dem Kunden Kredit gegen Verpfändung der erworbenen Wertpapiere. Bei Wertverfall der Aktien ist die Bank auf eine kurzfristige Verwertung der Wertpapiere angewiesen. Der Aufsatz zeigt auf, welche Hindernisse das deutsche Recht für eine solche Verwertung aufstellt und ordnet die Folgen für die Praxis ein.
ВИВЧЕННЯ СТРУКТУРИ ТА ТЕРМІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ЗАЛІЗОВМІСНИХ СОРБЕНТІВ НА ОСНОВІ ПАЛИГОРСЬКІТУ ДЛЯ ВИЛУЧЕННЯ ІОНІВ Cr(VI) ТА U(VI)
Authors: Жданюк Наталія В. , Баранюк Євген О.
Published: February 2023

Мета. Дослідження структури, термічних та сорбційних властивостей залізовмісного сорбенту на основі палигорськіту. Методи. Для дослідження собентів використано РФА та мікроскопічні дослідження. Термічний аналіз проведено з метою уточнення структури матеріалів та встановлення температурних інтервалів сушіння та утилізації сорбентів. Для вивчення сорбційних властивостей матеріалів використано спектрофоториметричний метод. Результати. РФА отриманого матеріалу підтвердив, що частинки нанорозмірного нуль-валентного заліза закріпилися на поверхні палигорськіту. Трансмісійна електронна мікроскопія зразків підтвердила, що нанорозмірне нуль-валентне залізо утворює сферичні частинки, що розміщуються у вигляді агрегатів та ланцюгів. Отриманий композит характеризується рівномірним розподілом часточок нанорозмірного нуль-валентного заліза на поверхні палигорськіту. Термічний аналіз залізовмісного композиту на основі палигорськіту підтвердив, що до 170 °С відбувається виділення лише фізично зв’язаної води, що дозволяє обґрунтувати максимальну температуру сушіння матеріалу. Структурне перетворення мінералу починає відбуватися при температурі вище 960 °С. За цих умов відбувається утворення нових фаз, що підтверджує можливість утилізації відпрацьованих сорбентів за керамічною технологією. Екзотермічні ефекти, що відповідають температурам окиснення заліза у сорбентах дозволяють
стверджувати, що розміри частинок заліза у залізовмісному композиті менша за розмір нанорозмірного нуль-валентного заліза, отриманого із розчину ферум(ІІ) сульфату. Ці дані, також підтверджують результати РФА. Сорбційні експерименти підтвердили, що синтезований композит ефективно видаляє Cr(VI) та U(VI) із водних середовищ при значеннях рН близьких до природних вод. Аналіз результатів сорбційних досліджень зразків висушених при температурах від 60 до 100 °C показав, що оптимальна температура сушіння залізовмісного композиту на основі палигорськіту за інших рівних умов синтезу становить 80 °C. Висновки. Вивчено структуру залізовмісного композиту. Встановлена максимальна температура сушіння синтезованих сорбентів та можливість утилізації відпрацьованих сорбентів по керамічній технології Підтверджено, що залізовмісний сорбент ефективно вилучає іонів важких металів та радіонуклідів з водних середовищ по сорбційно-відновлювальному механізму.
СПІВПОЛІМЕРИ МАЛЕЇНОВОГО АНГІДРИДУ І СТИРОЛУ ТА ІОНООБМІННІ ПЛІВОЧНІ МАТЕРІАЛИ НА ЇХ ОСНОВІ
Authors: Варлан Костянтин Є. , Шевцова Катерина Р.
Published: February 2023

З метою визначення впливу природи розчинника на молекулярну масу синтезовано співполімери стиролу і малеїнового ангідриду (SMA) та терполімери стиролу, малеїнового ангідриду і акрилонітрилу (SMN). Синтез здійснювали методом радикальної полімеризації в індивідуальних розчинниках або їх сумішах, що мають параметри розчинності за Гільдебрандом δі в межах 18.3 ÷ 20.55 МДж0.5м-1.5. Об’єкти дослідження вибрано з огляду на наявність в полімерних ланцюгах реакційноздатних ангідридних циклів. Показано, що ступінь полімеризації синтезованих сполук можна оцінити за близькістю внесків асоціативних параметрів розчинності δа/δ у відповідні параметри розчинності полімеру δ2 і розчинника δ1. Значення параметрів розчинності розраховано з огляду на тривимірну концепцію параметра розчинності М. Хансена та з використанням метода А. Аскадського. На основі синтезованих полімерних сполук і комерційних блокспівполімерів окисів етилену і пропілену отримано плівочні гнучкі матеріали з іонообмінними властивостями, у яких статична обмінна ємність має значення (4.28 ÷ 6.37) мекв/г. Визначено, що вміст гель-фракції матеріалів становить (86 ÷ 97) % і залежить від природи розчинника, з якого отримано плівки, а збільшенню вмісту гель-фракції сприяє близькість значень δа/δ розчинника і SMA/SMN. Досліджено здатність плівочних матеріалів до набрякання. Визначено, що за рН > 6 ступінь набрякання стрибкоподібно збільшується, а динаміка набрякання та її максимальне значення залежить від статичної обмінної ємності та вмісту оксіетиленових складових ланок у сітчастій структурі.
Two-area power system stability analysis by frequency controller with UPFC synchronization and energy storage systems by optimization approach
Authors: Kodeeswara Kumaran G. , Rajesh P. , Kumaravel Sureshkumar , Irusapparajan G.
Published: February 2023

An optimization approach for two-area power system with Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is the Atomic Orbital Search (AOS) approach. The proposed approach is applied to achieve full utilization of UPFC and keeps the parameters uncertain. The multivariable PI controller is utilized to control the system controller and eliminates the negative interaction of the controllers. The proposed approach combines the two subsystems by converting algebraic subsystem using differential approximation, which leads to a nonlinear system. The proposed approach provides efficient voltage regulation and quicker damping of inter-area mode oscillations. The proposed UPFC controller eliminates generator oscillation and fault condition, which guarantee the stability of the system as well as provides dynamic power flow control under the tie-line. At last, the proposed method is simulated on MATLAB platform and compared with existing methods. From this comparison, it is shown that the proposed approach provides less oscillation than the existing approach.
Neuropathic Pain After Dental Implant Surgery: Literature Review and Proposed Algorithm for Medicosurgical Treatment
Authors: Alantar Alp , Béatrix Jacques-Christian , Marti Guy , Princ Guy , Rei Nathalie , Missika Patrick , Cesaro Pierre , Lefaucheur Jean-Pascal , Sorel Marc
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study is to establish an algorithm for the medicosurgical treatment of dental implant-induced neuropathic pain. The methodology was based on the good practice guidelines from the French National Authority for Health: the data were searched on the Medline database. A working group has drawn up a first draft of professional recommendations corresponding to a set of qualitative summaries. Consecutive drafts were amended by the members of an interdisciplinary reading committee. A total of 91 publications were screened, of which 26 were selected to establish the recommendations: 1 randomized clinical trial, 3 controlled cohort studies, 13 case series, and 9 case reports. In the event of the occurrence of post-implant neuropathic pain, a thorough radiological assessment by at least a panoramic radiograph (orthopantomogram) or especially a cone-beam computerized tomography scan is recommended to ensure that the tip of the implant is placed more than 4 mm from the anterior loop of the mental nerve for an anterior implant and 2 mm from the inferior alveolar nerve for a posterior implant. Very early administration of high-dose steroids, possibly associated with partial unscrewing or full removal of the implant preferably within the first 36–48 hours after placement, is recommended. A combined pharmacological therapy (anticonvulsants, antidepressants) could minimize the risk of pain chronicization. If a nerve lesion occurs in the context of dental implant surgery, treatment should be initiated within the first 36-48 hours after implant placement, including partial or full removal of the implant and early pharmacological treatment.
Early Implant Bone Loss in the Preprosthetic Phase: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Banu R. Fathima , Kumar V. Anand
Published: February 2023

Initiation of the inflammatory response begins with the surgical placement of an implant that stimulates bone remodeling. The occurrence of crestal bone loss during submerged healing affects the prognosis of an implant. Hence, this study was conducted to estimate the early implant bone loss during the preprosthetic phase on bone level implants placed equicrestally. This retrospective observational study included evaluation of crestal bone loss around 271 two-piece implants placed in 149 patients from the archived postsurgical (P1) and preprosthetic (P2) digital orthopantomographic records using MicroDicom software. The outcome was categorized based on (1) sex (male or female), (2) time of implant placement (immediate [I] vs conventional [D]), (3) duration of healing period before loading (conventional [T1] vs delayed [T2]), (4) region of implant placement (maxilla [M1] vs mandible [M2]), and (5) site of implant placement (anterior [A] vs posterior [P]). To find the significant difference between the bivariate samples in the independent groups, an unpaired sample t test was used. The average marginal bone loss during the healing phase was 0.56 ± 0.573 mm in the mesial region and 0.44 ± 0.549 mm in the distal region of the implant, with a statistically significant difference (P < .01). There was no statistically significant difference in crestal bone level with the (1) sex of the patient (male or female), (2) type of implant placement (I or D), (3) time of implant loading (T1 or T2), (4) region of implant placement (M1 or M2), or (5) site of implant in the arch (A or P) (P > .05). An average of 0.50 mm crestal bone loss occurred in the peri-implant region during the preprosthetic phase. We found that the delayed placement of an implant and a delay in the healing period would further increase the early implant bone loss. The difference in the healing period did not alter the outcome of the study.
The World's Longest Functioning Implant: A Verified Case Report
Authors: Linkow Leonard , Iyer Shankar , Piermatti Jack
Published: February 2023

Satisfactory function, esthetics, and phonetics together with long-term stability and minimal complications are all considered as metrics that define a successful outcome. The current case report is documentation of a mandibular subperiosteal implant with a successful follow-up of 56 years. Numerous issues can be credited for the long-term successful outcome including selection of the patient, heedfulness of basic anatomic and physiologic principles, design of the implant and superstructure, surgical execution, application of sound restorative principles, conscientious hygiene, and clockwork recare. The case demonstrates intense cooperation and coordination among the surgeon, restorative dentist, and laboratory technical staff, together with long-lasting patient compliance. Execution of the treatment with a mandibular subperiosteal implant helped this patient overcome the status of a dental cripple. The highlight of the case is that it is the longest success ever documented in the history of any type of implant treatment.
Przeobrażenia społeczne w Gdyni po 1939 roku w świetle „biegu życia” działaczy i sympatyków obozu narodowego
Authors: Turek Wojciech
Published: February 2023

In 1939 Gdynia was one of the biggest centres gathering supporters of the National Camp (Endecja). After the outbreak of the Second World War, in changed circumstances, the burgher community integrated around the concept of national Catholic identity did not cease to exist in a day. Thanks to the application of the biographical method, it is possible to establish its later history: the community of the National Party activists and supporters was not permanently disintegrated in years 1939–1945 but revived itself after 1945. Final disintegration of Gdynia pre-war burgher community did not take place earlier than in years 1946–1949. Ruling communists employed a wide variety of repressive measures not only against the persons undertaking anti- -government activity, but also against professional and social groups treated as „reactionary” (doctors, lawyers, traders, real property owners). Analysis of the statistical samples revealed that arrests, displacements, discrimination and non-formal actions led to liquidation of the private sector in trade, and disintegration of the community being the base for the Endecja in the pre-war period. From sociological standpoint, described social transformations bore serious consequences: firstly, the continuity of development of the conservative burger community was disrupted; secondly, disintegration of the Endecja burgher community meant the failure in possible symbiosis of local, Kashubian identity with national, collective identity. The ways of two social groups: local Kashubians and new Gdynia inhabitants separated.