bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
While We Wait: The Foolishness of Scarcity, the “Devalued Other,” and Pedagogies of “Becoming”
Authors: Joynes Robin
Published: October 2019

This article considers how Christian women leaders might, in the absence of global economic equality for women, reframe theological dialogue that affirms the work and worth of the “devalued other” – 21st‐century women living in economic insecurity – and to declare that Jesus' eschatological hope is in the feminization of abundance. The article engages the parable of the wise and foolish virgins as a messianic requirement to deconstruct the barriers that keep the devalued other from seeing her full potential and to challenge the foolishness of scarcity that has taken hold of the daughters of privilege. It seeks to engage an African feminist hermeneutic as the primary methodology and to craft an emerging pedagogy of “becoming” that speaks to the cosmic shift to strengthen the agency of women as we await the coming Parousia.
Mainstreaming Gender in Theological Education
Authors: Lewis Marjorie
Published: October 2019

This article identifies themes and strategies for mainstreaming gender in theological education, based on the author's experience with theological education in Jamaica, the US, and Canada. It begins with the need to “visit the wounds” in such a way that realism about suffering can be accompanied by strategies for healing, transformation, and celebration of the reign of God already with us and in celebration of our agency to work toward it on earth as it is in heaven.
Evaluation of a naturalised rock ramp fish passage for cool‐ and warm‐water fish in a tributary of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
Authors: Murry Brent A. , Ania Andrea , Boase James , Briggs Andrew S. , Chiotti Justin , Fullard Clarence , Galarowicz Tracy , Hayes Daniel , Leonardi Joseph , Madel Gabriel , Stoller Jacob
Published: October 2019

Dams across the Great Lakes basin are nearing or beyond their original design life, posing both challenges and opportunities to natural resource managers. Ageing dams can be repaired to preserve function and maintain safety, removed to promote full connectivity or retrofitted with a fish passage structure to increase connectivity without reservoir loss. The success of rock ramp structures is not well documented, especially for cool‐ and warm‐water fishes in the Great Lakes basin. The success of a recently built (2009) rock ramp for increasing upstream fish passage on the Shiawassee River in Michigan, USA, was evaluated. While there was evidence of limited fish passage during the study period (2011–2016), catches of spring migratory fishes, fish eggs and larvae were significantly higher below the rock ramp than above, indicating the dam with rock ramp fish pass continues to limit upstream migration. Overall connectivity appears improved relative to a reference, dammed river, but falls short of full connectivity.
Improving bivalve fishery management: The development of a tool to forecast bivalve reproductive season based on environmental data from satellite remote sensing observations
Authors: Martínez‐Pita Inés , Moreno Oscar
Published: October 2019

Donax trunculus is a much‐appreciated commercial clam whose natural populations have been overexploited in southern–western Spain during the last decades. In order to control the decrease of natural beds, local governments establish annual closed seasons based on socioeconomic reasons, such as economic necessity or tourism interest. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient tool for predicting gonadal stages based on environmental condition data. This tool will allow for an improvement in fishery management since in this manner the closed season can be based on the reproductive cycle. The natural population's reproductive cycle was studied for more than 2 years. The obtained gonadal and condition indexes (GI and CI) values were statistically related to environmental conditions, specifically surface seawater temperature (SST) and chlorophyll‐a (Chlo‐a) levels with these data being provided from satellite remote sensing observations (SRS). The best statistical relationship was obtained between GI and the SST registered 60 days before bivalve sampling (SST‐60). The regression equation allows for an estimate of GI value based on the SST‐60 and, as each value is related with one gonadal stage (resting, maturation, ripe), for prediction of the reproductive cycle. Therefore, the closed season can be established when most of the population is in the ripe stage and can be adjusted taking into account the possible temperature variations across the years. For ease of use, GI values estimated with this tool have also been converted using different colours onto a map of wedge clam reproductive stages in its natural beds.
Lateral hydrological connectivity differentially affects the community characteristics of multiple groups of aquatic invertebrates in tropical wetland pans in South Africa
Authors: Dube Trevor , Pinceel Tom , De Necker Lizaan , Wepener Victor , Lemmens Pieter , Brendonck Luc
Published: October 2019

River–floodplain connectivity (i.e. lateral hydrological connectivity, LHC) can directly affect the community characteristics by promoting dispersal of organisms but can also have profound indirect effects by altering local habitat characteristics. A major challenge is to disentangle the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of LHC on organisms. Combining taxonomic data with trait information allows a more mechanistic understanding of how LHC affect biotic communities in floodplains.

Here, we attempted to determine the relative importance of the direct and indirect effects of LHC on local environmental variables and community characteristics (taxonomic and trait composition) of three different taxonomic organism groups in a set of 33 temporary floodplain pans along a gradient of LHC. In addition, we specifically aimed to unravel the underlying mechanisms shaping patterns of taxonomic diversity by partitioning compositional dissimilarity between ponds into components of nestedness and spatial turnover.

Variation partitioning revealed that most differences in macroinvertebrate and zooplankton community composition between pans resulted from variation in local environmental variables, particularly macrophyte cover and the presence of fish. For large branchiopod crustaceans, however, partitioning indicated that LHC did significantly affect both taxonomic and trait community composition, and reduced local taxon diversity. Partitioning taxonomic and trait β‐diversity showed that community dissimilarity between pans was largely determined by turnover, rather than by nestedness.

Overall, our study revealed that the effects of LHC on aquatic invertebrate communities act mainly indirectly by altering local environmental conditions. Although the effects of LHC were significant, they were small compared to those of environmental variables.

Our results from the partitioning of taxonomic and trait β‐diversity have important implications for biodiversity conservation efforts in the Ndumo region. We demonstrate the need to conserve multiple pans along the LHC gradient to sustain high regional diversity. A common practice in the study area mainly focuses on the conservation of river‐connected or larger pans.
How to get rid of the bug in the heart–An infected catheter‐associated thrombus treated successfully with antibiotics only
Authors: Kakareko Katarzyna , Rydzewska‐Rosolowska Alicja , Czajkowska Katarzyna , Lukasiewicz Adam , Hryszko Tomasz
Published: October 2019

We present a case of a 53‐year‐old woman with end‐stage renal disease, on hemodialysis for 4 years, who was diagnosed with an infected catheter‐associated right atrial thrombus (CRAT). CRAT is an underreported and potentially life‐threating complication of a central venous catheter and usually warrants a surgical approach. The patient was, however, disqualified by cardiac surgeons due to her overall poor condition. We used a combination of anticoagulation and antibiotics in the reported case as “rescue therapy” and showed that the successful resolution of CRAT complicated by infection might sometimes be feasible with pharmacological treatment only.
Spider (Araneae) and harvestman (Opiliones) communities are structured by the ecosystem engineering of burrowing mammals
Authors: Lindtner Peter , Gajdoš Peter , Stašiov Slavomír , Čiliak Marek , Pech Pavel , Kubovčík Vladimír
Published: October 2019

Burrowing mammals through their digging activities are important ecosystem engineers and bioturbators in grassland ecosystems. Through habitat formation, they can have significant effects on other species in an ecosystem, structuring their abundance and diversity.

We analysed the effect of the European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) on spider (Araneae) and harvestman (Opiliones) communities, because these arachnids are the most abundant and dominant predators with a great variety of foraging strategies, and their community composition is strongly influenced by the physical structure of the environment.

We established replicate mound plots positioned directly in the centre of ground squirrel mounds with paired off‐mound control plots undisturbed by ground squirrels. We sampled spiders and harvestmen using pitfall traps on 30 ground squirrel mounds and 30 paired off‐mound control plots at two study sites differing in grazing intensity and plant species richness.

We found that the response of spiders was site‐specific, while harvestmen responded consistently to disturbances by burrowing mammals. Mounds exhibited increased abundance and species richness of harvestmen at both study sites, while species richness of spiders was increased only in intensively managed grassland. We also detected compositional changes of the arachnid community on the mounds in comparison to the grassland matrix.

Our findings indicate that burrowing mammals through physical state changes in abiotic and biotic material modulate the resources for other species and maintain a high diversity of biotic communities in intensively grazed grasslands.
Altmetric analysis of the contemporary scientific literature in Endodontology
Authors: Kolahi J. , Khazaei S. , Iranmanesh P. , Khademi A. , Nekoofar M. H. , Dummer P. M. H.
Published: October 2019

Aim

To analyse and visualize the knowledge structure of scientific articles in the field of Endodontology with high altmetric attention scores to discover hot topics, active researchers and the journals involved.

Methodology

On 5 June 2019, the altmetric database (Altmetric LLP, London, UK) was searched using the titles of 11 endodontic journals. Bibliometric data from endodontic articles and journals with an altmetric score >5 (top 5%) were retrieved from PubMed and analysed using the VOSviewer. Science mapping of articles with an altmetric score >5 at two levels was created: author keywords co‐occurrence and co‐authorship network analysis.

Results

Of the 2197 articles in the field of Endodontology identified with altmetrics, 192 had altmetric scores >5 (top 5%). Considering the total mentions amongst all altmetric resources, the Journal of Endodontics had the highest rank followed by the International Endodontic Journal and Australian Endodontic Journal. Twitter was the most popular altmetric data resource followed by patents and Facebook. Meta‐analysis, systematic review and pulpitis were the hot topics. At the author level, Dummer P.M.H had the greatest influence on the network. There was no significant correlation between altmetric score and citations count (P > 0.05). Mendeley mentions correlated with citations (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Overall, the altmetric scores of topics within Endodontology were low, possibly due to the specific and specialized nature of the specialty, as well as the difficulty members of the public probably have in understanding endodontic research. Journals and researchers with a focus on Endodontology would have more influence if they were to set‐up their own social media profiles and thus enhance their visibility and social impact by immediately sharing research findings and communicating with their network and audience.
Opportune inward waste materials toward a zero waste ceramic slabs production in a circular economy perspective
Authors: Mugoni Consuelo , Rosa Roberto , Remigio Vito A. , Ferrari Anna Maria , Siligardi Cristina
Published: October 2019

This work is related to the preliminary lab‐scale preparation of ceramic slabs, reproducing the characteristics of natural stones, containing up to more than 40 wt.% of different waste materials, namely laboratory glass, cullet glass (both thought as fluxing agents replacing feldspar), and ceramic waste obtained from drying squaring operations (for partial quartz sand replacement). Indeed, in order to pursue the circular economy principles, the possibility of turning different kinds of wastes into resources for the ceramic industry, surely represents the first concern to be addressed and demonstrated, with also the aim to reduce the environmental impact associated with landfill, minimizing manufacturing cost and contributing to preserve nonrenewable natural resources, which are known to be consistently depleted by the ceramic industries.
Properties of multiple oxide‐bonded porous SiC ceramics prepared by an infiltration technique
Authors: Das Dulal , Baitalik Sanchita , Kayal Nijhuma
Published: October 2019

Multiple oxide‐bonded porous SiC ceramics were fabricated by infiltrating a porous powder compact of SiC and alumina with cordierite sol followed by sintering at 1300‐1400°C in air for 3 hours. The microstructures, phase components, mechanical properties, and air permeation behavior of the developed porous ceramics were examined and compared with materials obtained by the traditional powder processing route. The porosity, average pore diameter, and flexural strength of the ceramics varied from 33 to 37 vol%, ~12‐14 μm and ~23‐39.6 MPa, respectively, with variation in sintering temperature. The X‐ray diffraction results reveal that both the amount of cordierite and mullite as the binder increased with increase in sintering temperature. In addition, it was found that the addition of alumina in powder form effectively enhanced the strength due to formation of mullite in the bond phase in contrast to the samples prepared without alumina additive. To determine the suitability of the material in particulate filtration application, particle collection efficiency of the filter material was evaluated theoretically using single collector efficiency model.
Regional differences in access to acute ischaemic stroke care and patient outcomes
Authors: Dwyer Mitchell , Peterson Greg , Gall Seana , Kinsman Leigh , Francis Karen , Ford Karen , Castley Helen , Kitsos Alex , Hilliard Tamsin , English Jennifer
Published: October 2019

Background

Advances in stroke management such as acute stroke units and thrombolysis are not uniformly distributed throughout our population, with rural areas being relatively disadvantaged. It remains unclear, however, whether such disparities have led to corresponding differences in patient outcomes.

Aims

To describe the regional differences in acute ischaemic stroke care and outcomes within the Australian state of Tasmania.

Methods

A retrospective case note audit was used to assess the care and outcomes of 395 acute ischaemic stroke patients admitted to Tasmania's four major public hospitals. Sixteen care processes were recorded, which covered time‐critical treatment, allied health interventions and secondary prevention. Outcome measures were assessed using 30‐day mortality and discharge destination, both of which were analysed for differences between urban and rural hospitals using logistic regression.

Results

No patients in rural hospitals were administered thrombolysis; these hospitals also did not have acute stroke units. With few exceptions, patients' access to the remaining care indicators was comparable between regions. After adjusting for confounders, there were no significant differences between regions in terms of 30‐day mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46–2.18) or discharge destination (OR = 1.24, 95% CI 0.81–1.91).

Conclusions

With the exception of acute stroke unit care and thrombolysis, acute ischaemic stroke care within Tasmania's urban and rural hospitals was broadly similar. No significant differences were found between regions in terms of patient outcomes. Future studies are encouraged to employ larger data sets, which capture a broader range of urban and rural sites and record patient outcomes at extended interval.
Reduced leakage current and enhanced piezoelectricity of BNT–BT–BMO thin films
Authors: Wu Shuanghao , Song Baijie , Li Peng , Chen Pan , Shen Bo , Zhai Jiwei
Published: October 2019

BiMeO3 (where Me denotes a transition metal) is often used as a chemical modifier to form the Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3‐based solid solutions and to improve the electromechanical properties of the materials. In this study, BiMnO3 was selected as a chemical modifier, and (1 − x)(0.94Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3‐0.06BaTiO3)–xBiMnO3 thin films with x = 0, 0.005, 0.01, and 0.015 were fabricated using the metal organic decomposition method to study the contributions of the third end‐member BiMnO3 to the reduction in the leakage current and the enhancement of the piezoelectric properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3‐BaTiO3 thin films. Thin films with 1 mol% BiMnO3 exhibit a lower leakage current, and a better piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity, whose Smax/Emax, Pmax, 2Ec, and εr are 100.4 pm/V, 48.0 μC/cm2, 54.9 kV/cm, and 942, respectively.
Job satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatric nurses in tertiary psychiatric hospitals: Results from a nationwide cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhou Huixuan , Jiang Feng , Rakofsky Jeffrey , Hu Linlin , Liu Tingfang , Wu Shichao , Liu Huanzhong , Liu Yuanli , Tang Yi‐lang
Published: October 2019

Aims

To investigate the job satisfaction among psychiatric nurses in China and to explore its associated factors.

Design

A cross‐sectional survey among a nationwide sample from 32 tertiary psychiatric hospitals in 29 provincial capitals in China.

Methods

Nurses (N = 9.907) were targeted for this survey in December 2017. In all, 8,493 responded (response rate = 85.7%) and 7,881 (79.5%) were included in the analysis. An online questionnaire was used to collect demographics and factors related to the work environment. The short version of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to assess job satisfaction. Multilevel regression was used to examine the association between job satisfaction and these factors.

Results

The mean job satisfaction score was 73.7. The multiple regression analysis indicated that self‐rated health, monthly income, medical liability insurance coverage, perceived respect from patients, social recognition, nurse–physician collaboration, and trust were significantly associated with higher job satisfaction scores, while age, work hours, and directly experiencing patient‐initiated violence were negatively associated with job satisfaction (p < .05).

Conclusion

Overall, Chinese psychiatric nurses are closer to satisfied than neutral and some demographics and factors related to stressful work environments were associated with nurses’ job satisfaction scores.

Impact

This study examined factors associated with the job satisfaction of Chinese psychiatric nurses in a nationwide sample and indicated that to improve nurses’ job satisfaction, the government and hospital administrators could consider ways to promote nurses’ personal health and to modify the stressful work environments, such as improving income, reducing work hours, promoting the psychiatric nursing specialty in ways that increase the public's respect for it, increasing awareness of medical liability insurance coverage, and protecting nurses from patients’ violence.
Ethnic differences in risk factors for adverse birth outcomes between Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and White British mothers
Authors: Garcia Rebecca , Ali Nasreen , Guppy Andrew , Griffiths Malcolm , Randhawa Gurch
Published: October 2019

Aim

Reducing poor maternal and infant outcomes in pregnancy is the aim of maternity care. Adverse health behaviours lead to increased risk and can adversely mediate birth outcomes. This study examines whether risk factors are similar, different, or clustered according to maternal ethnicity.

Design

Retrospective analysis of routinely collected data (2008−2013).

Methods

We analysed data routinely collected data from a local University Hospital Ciconia Maternity information System (CMiS), for White British, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi women (N = 15,211) using cross‐tabulations, ANCOVA, adjusted standardized residuals (ASR), and Pearson's chi‐squared statistics.

Results

The results demonstrate distinct clusters of risk factors between White British, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi mothers. Additionally, Pakistani mothers had the highest number of statistically significant risk factors, according to maternal ethnicity, showing that 49% of women in this cohort that were diagnosed with diabetes were Pakistani, 21.5% of White British women smoked and results showed that Bangladeshi mothers delivered the lightest weight infants (adjusted mean: 3,055.4 g).

Conclusions

This study showed differences in the risk factors between White British, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi mothers. The identified risk factors were clustered by maternal ethnicity.

Impact

Identification of these risk factor clusters can help policymakers and clinicians direct resources and may help reduce ethnic variation found in these populations that might be attributed to adverse health behaviours and increased risk factors.
Battle weary/battle ready: A phenomenological study of parents' lived experiences caring for children with autism and their safety concerns
Authors: Celia Tania , Freysteinson Wyona , Fredland Nina , Bowyer Patricia
Published: October 2019

Aim

The first aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of parents caring for their autistic children and their experiences with safety for these children. The second aim was to elicit safety recommendations from the parents of autistic children.

Design

Hermeneutic phenomenology.

Methods

Fifteen participants who self‐reported they were parents of children with autism were recruited via snowball sampling. Data were collected from September 2017–December 2018 in audiotaped interviews using semi‐structured questions. Interviews were held with four participants to determine if the findings represented their experiences and concerns accurately.

Results

Two underlying structures which demonstrated the trajectory of the experience caring for autistic children were lost/finding our way and battle ready/battle weary. The phenomenological themes within battle weary included living with fear, living with uncertainty and living with disappointment. Resilience was a fourth phenomenological theme which supported the experience of being battle ready. The participants provided recommendations for other parents and healthcare professionals to help keep autistic children safe.

Conclusion

This study illustrates the unique perspective of parents of autistic children concerning autism and safety.

Impact

Most parents in this sample reported they faced substantial issues with safety for their child. Study results demonstrated that parents received little to no information about safety from healthcare professionals. Parents of autistic children and healthcare professionals need to be educated about safety issues to prevent injuries and death.
Repeated ambulatory monitoring reveals an evening rise in blood pressure in a Japanese population
Authors: Murakami Shougo , Otsuka Kuniaki , Kono Tatsuji
Published: October 2019

Recent studies have revealed 2 peaks in the onset of cardiovascular events, 1 in the morning and another in the evening. We evaluated whether blood pressure (BP) also rises in the morning/evening and identified the determinants of evening BP rise using 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring for 7 consecutive days. We identified 2 BP peaks, 1 in the morning (0‐3 hours after waking) and 1 in the evening (9‐12 hours after waking). Subjects were subclassified according to the extent of evening BP rise: those in the top quartile (≥6.45 mm Hg, n = 34; ER group) vs all others. After adjustment for age, sex, and 24‐hour systolic BP, evening BP rise was associated with the use of antihypertensive medications [odds ratio (OR), 3.57; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.46‐8.74; P = .01] and estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93‐0.99; P = .04), confirming its association with antihypertensive medication use and renal dysfunction.
S100‐A9 protein in exosomes derived from follicular fluid promotes inflammation via activation of NF‐κB pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Li Han , Huang Xin , Chang Xinwen , Yao Julei , He Qizhi , Shen Zhijun , Ji Yazhong , Wang Kai
Published: October 2019

Exosomes have recently emerged as key mediators of different physiological and pathological processes. However, there has been few report about proteomic analysis of exosomes derived from human follicular fluid and their association with the occurrence of PCOS. Herein, we used TMT‐tagged quantitative proteomic approach to identify proteomic profiles in exosomes derived from follicular fluid of PCOS patients and healthy controls. We identified 662 proteins in exosomes derived from human ovarian follicular fluid. Eighty‐six differently expressed proteins (P < .05) were found between PCOS and healthy women. The alterations in the proteomic profile were related to the inflammation process, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, cell migration and proliferation. Importantly, we observed that follicular fluid exosomes contain S100 calcium‐binding protein A9 (S100‐A9) protein. Exosome‐enriched S100‐A9 significantly enhanced inflammation and disrupted steroidogenesis via activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signalling pathway. These data demonstrate that exosomal proteins are differentially expressed in follicular fluid during disease process, and some proteins may play important roles in the regulation of granulosa cell function. These results highlight the importance of exosomes as extracellular communicators in ovarian follicular development.
Sodium butyrate attenuates angiotensin II‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting COX2/PGE2 pathway via a HDAC5/HDAC6‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Deng Mokan , Lu Aihua , Chen Yanting , Chen Yang , Wu Chunying , Tan Zhi , Boini Krishna M. , Yang Tianxin , Zhu Qing , Wang Lei
Published: October 2019

Sodium butyrate (NaBu) is reported to play important roles in a number of chronic diseases. The present work is aimed to investigate the effect of NaBu on angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanism in in vivo and in vitro models. Sprague Dawley rats were infused with vehicle or Ang II (200 ng/kg/min) and orally administrated with or without NaBu (1 g/kg/d) for two weeks. Cardiac hypertrophy parameters and COX2/PGE2 pathway were analysed by real‐time PCR, ELISA, immunostaining and Western blot. The cardiomyocytes H9C2 cells were used as in vitro model to investigate the role of NaBu (2 mmol/L) in inhibition of Ang II‐induced cardiac hypertrophy. NaBu significantly attenuated Ang II‐induced increase in the mean arterial pressure. Ang II treatment remarkably increased cardiac hypertrophy as indicated by increased ratio of heart weight/body weight and enlarged cardiomyocyte size, extensive fibrosis and inflammation, as well as enhanced expression of hypertrophic markers, whereas hearts from NaBu‐treated rats exhibited a significant reduction in these hypertrophic responses. Mechanistically, NaBu inhibited the expression of COX2/PGE2 along with production of ANP and phosphorylated ERK (pERK) stimulated by Ang II in in vivo and in vitro, which was accompanied by the suppression of HDAC5 and HDAC6 activities. Additionally, knocking down the expression of HDAC5 and HDAC6 via gene‐editing strategy dramatically blocked Ang II‐induced hypertrophic responses through COX2/PGE2 pathway. These results provide solid evidence that NaBu attenuates Ang II‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the activation of COX2/PGE2 pathway in a HDAC5/HDAC6‐dependent manner.
Tattoo complications in treated and non‐treated psoriatic patients
Authors: Grodner C. , Beauchet A. , Fougerousse A.‐C. , Quiles‐Tsimaratos N. , Perrot J.‐L. , Barthelemy H. , Parier J. , Maccari F. , Beneton N. , Bouilly‐Auvray D. , Ruer‐Mulard M. , Boulard C. , Jacobzone C. , Thomas‐Beaulieu D. , Pourchot D. , Méry‐Bossard L. , Chaby G. , Girard C. , Duval‐Modeste A.‐B. , Vermersch‐Langlin A. , Delaunay J. , Marc S. , Kemula M. , Steff M. , Bilan P. , Liégeon A.‐L. , Aubert H. , Solyga B. , Kluger N. , Mahé E. ,   for the GEM Resopso
Published: October 2019

Background

Tattooing is a widespread phenomenon, with an estimated prevalence of 10–30% in Western populations. For psoriasis patients, current recommendations are to avoid having a tattoo if the disease is active and they are receiving immunosuppressive treatments. Although scientific data supporting these recommendations are lacking, dermatologists are often reluctant to advocate tattooing in psoriasis patients.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the frequency of tattoo complications in patients with psoriasis and determine whether the occurrence of complications was associated with psoriasis status and treatments received at the time of tattooing.

Methods

We performed a multicentre cross‐sectional study. Adults with psoriasis were consecutively included and classified as tattooed or non‐tattooed. Prevalence of complications associated with tattoos was then evaluated according to psoriasis onset and treatments. The study was divided into three parts, in which data were collected through a series of questionnaires filled in by the dermatologist. Complications included pruritus, oedema, allergic reaction/eczema, infection/superinfection, granuloma, lichenification, photosensitivity, Koebner phenomenon and psoriasis flare after tattooing. Diagnosis of complications was made retrospectively.

Results

We included 2053 psoriatic patients, 20.2% had 894 tattoos. Amongst non‐tattooed patients, 15.4% had wished to be tattooed, with psoriasis being stated as a reason for not having a tattoo by 44.0% and 5.7% indicating that they planned to have a tattoo in the future. Local complications, such as oedema, pruritus, allergy and Koebner phenomenon, were reported in tattoos in 6.6%, most frequently in patients with psoriasis requiring treatment at the time of tattooing (P < 0.0001). No severe complications were reported.

Conclusions

The rate of tattoo complications in psoriasis patients was low. Although the risk of complications was highest amongst patients with psoriasis requiring treatment at the time of tattooing, all the complications observed were benign. These results can be helpful for practitioners to give objective information to patients.
Psychological disturbances in patients with pigmentary disorders: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dabas G. , Vinay K. , Parsad D. , Kumar A. , Kumaran M.S.
Published: October 2019

Background

Data on prevalence and factors influencing psychological burden in pigmentary disorders are scarce.

Objective

To determine the point prevalence of anxiety disorder, depression and somatoform disorder in patients with melasma, vitiligo and acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH).

Methods

A prospective cross‐sectional study involving 100 patients each with melasma, ADMH and vitiligo with lesions on exposed body parts was conducted in the pigmentary clinic of a tertiary care referral hospital from June 2015 to December 2017. Dermatology life quality index, PRIME‐MD Patient Health Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 and Patient Health Questionnaire‐15 were used for assessment of quality of life, psychiatric comorbidities, depression, general anxiety disorder and somatoform disorders, respectively, and correlated with age, gender, occupation, marital status, severity and progression of the disease.

Results

The prevalence of anxiety disorder in patients with melasma, vitiligo and ADMH was 11.6%, 21% and 18.7%, respectively. Depression was seen in 12.8%, 27% and 24.1% patients with melasma, vitiligo and ADMH, respectively. Somatoform disorder was more common in vitiligo (17.9%) as compared to ADMH (14.3%) and melasma (8.1%). There were positive correlations between the severity of disease and the point prevalence of anxiety and depression in all disorders.

Conclusion

A high point prevalence of anxiety, depression and somatoform disorders was observed with pigmentary diseases, especially vitiligo and ADMH. The prevalence of anxiety and depression correlated with the disease severity and activity. Future research involving comparison with the general healthy population is required for a more affirmative conclusion.
A clinical comparison of digital and conventional impression techniques regarding finish line locations and impression time
Authors: Koulivand Soudabeh , Ghodsi Safoura , Siadat Hakimeh , Alikhasi Marzieh
Published: October 2019

Objective

This study compared digital and conventional impression techniques regarding impression time, frequency of adjustments, and adaptation of cobalt‐chromium (Co‐Cr) copings with supragingival and subgingival finish lines.

Materials and Methods

Thirty premolars prepared for single‐unit metal‐ceramic restorations with supragingival and subgingival finish lines (n = 15). Conventional impression and digital scan of prepared teeth were made. Using computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system the copings were produced by a milling machine from Co‐Cr blocks and internal and marginal discrepancies were measured using silicone replica technique. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Mann‐Whitney test (alpha = .05).

Results

The impression technique had a significant effect on the magnitude of gap (P < .001). The internal and marginal gaps in the digital technique (49.43 μ and 60.07 μ, respectively) were significantly lower than the values in the conventional method (91.88 μ and 96.96 μ, respectively—P < .001). Finish line positions had no significant effect on the fit and marginal gap of copings (P = .54 and .243, respectively). The mean impression time (19′:27″ in conventional technique and 10′:31″ in digital technique) was significantly shorter (P < .001) and the mean frequency of adjustments (2.2 times for conventional and 1.3 times for digital technique) was significantly lower in the digital technique (P < .001). The gingival biotype (thick or thin) had no significant effect on marginal and internal fit (P = .052 and .319, respectively).

Conclusion

The digital technique was superior in terms of fit, impression time, and frequency of adjustments. Finish line positions had no significant effect on the fit of copings.

Clinical Significance

Using intraoral scanner promotes the fits of restorations in supragingival and subgingival finish lines.
Reply to: Adding a US Perspective for Stroke Risk in Noncompliant Older Adults
Authors: Eilat‐Tsanani Sophia , Schonmann Yochai
Published: October 2019

This letter comments on the letter by Amraotkar et al.
The Use of Technology to Support Precision Health in Nursing Science
Authors: Starkweather Angela , Jacelon Cynthia S. , Bakken Suzanne , Barton Debra L. , DeVito Dabbs Annette , Dorsey Susan G. , Guthrie Barbara J. , Heitkemper Margaret M. , Hickey Kathleen T. , Kelechi Teresa J. , Kim Miyong T. , Marquard Jenna , Moore Shirley M. , Redeker Nancy S. , Schiffman Rachel F. , Ward Teresa M. , Adams Lynn S. , Kehl Karen A. , Miller Jeri L.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This article outlines how current nursing research can utilize technology to advance symptom and self‐management science for precision health and provides a roadmap for the development and use of technologies designed for this purpose.

Approach

At the 2018 annual conference of the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Research Centers, nursing and interdisciplinary scientists discussed the use of technology to support precision health in nursing research projects and programs of study. Key themes derived from the presentations and discussion were summarized to create a proposed roadmap for advancement of technologies to support health and well‐being.

Conclusions

Technology to support precision health must be centered on the user and designed to be desirable, feasible, and viable. The proposed roadmap is composed of five iterative steps for the development, testing, and implementation of technology‐based/enhanced self‐management interventions. These steps are (a) contextual inquiry, focused on the relationships among humans, and the tools and equipment used in day‐to‐day life; (b) value specification, translating end‐user values into end‐user requirements; (c) design, verifying that the technology/device can be created and developing the prototype(s); (d) operationalization, testing the intervention in a real‐world setting; and (e) summative evaluation, collecting and analyzing viability metrics, including process data, to evaluate whether the technology and the intervention have the desired effect.

Clinical Relevance

Interventions using technology are increasingly popular in precision health. Use of a standard multistep process for the development and testing of technology is essential.
Customized lip enhancement for clinical different lip features: An observational study
Authors: Zazzaron Michela
Published: October 2019

Background

The request for lip improvement treatments with injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) is increasing. However, as the patient's needs can be extremely different, it is unconceivable to use the same technique/product for clinical different lips to grant customized results.

Aims

To provide a specific treatment approach for clinically different lips based on the Author's clinical experience.

Patients/Methods

Patients belonged to four clinical groups: young lips requiring volume enhancement or a reshaping intervention, and senescent lips requiring rejuvenation or a rebuild intervention. At first visit T0, subjects underwent a pretreatment evaluation and the investigator performed an individual treatment based upon patient's esthetic goals and lip's baseline features. Lip fullness was assessed by the investigator using a Medicis Lip Fullness Scale (MLFS) at first visit (T0) and at 2 weeks (T1). Subjects and investigator answered to the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) at 2 weeks T1 and at 12 weeks (T2). A photographic evaluation was undertaken at T0 and T2.

Results

Only, in the two groups requiring volumization there was 1 grade of improvement in the MLFS (young lips—volume and senescent lips—rebuild). Nonetheless, the performed combination of techniques/products was overall very satisfactory: 80% of the subjects reported a much improved/very much improved outcome in the GAIS, and the same was reported by the investigator in 90% of the subjects. A weak positive correlation was found between MLFS responses and subject's GAIS at T1 in all groups.

Conclusions

This customized treatment approach, consisting in choosing the right gel technology injected in minimum quantities with the right technique, ensures a harmonic result avoiding aberrations and standardizations.
Experiencing Sampling Research from Its Beginnings into the Future
Authors: Larson Reed W.
Published: October 2019

Early experience sampling research sought to map the ecology of adolescents’ lives. Its contributions include discovery of similar patterns in psychological states across diverse samples: positive emotions with friends, more negative states alone, high challenge but low motivation during schoolwork, and wider variability in teens’ than adults’ emotions, including more frequent extreme positive states. Recent ambulatory assessment research has expanded this mission and methods in valuable ways. Yet it still demands problem‐solving (e.g., engaging participants, formulating analyses that represent teens’ complex lives). A promising innovation is use of micro‐longitudinal analyses to examine sequential processes (e.g., linkages between stress–coping–emotions; relationship episodes). Qualitative data can add “zones” for development of empirically‐based theory about daily processes, such as adolescents’ meaning‐making and learning self‐regulation.
Significant lung injury and its prognostic significance in acute liver failure: A cohort analysis
Authors: Dong Victor , Sun Ken , Gottfried Michelle , Cardoso Filipe S. , McPhail Mark J. , Stravitz R. Todd , Lee William M. , Karvellas Constantine J.
Published: October 2019

Background and aims

Respiratory failure complicating acute liver failure (ALF) may preclude liver transplantation (LT). We evaluated the association between significant lung injury (SLI) and important clinical outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of 947 ALF patients with chest radiograph (CXR) and arterial blood gas (ABG) data enrolled in the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group (US‐ALFSG) from January 1998 to December 2016. SLI was defined by moderate hypoxaemia (Berlin classification; PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mm Hg) and abnormalities on CXR. Primary outcomes were 21‐day transplant‐free survival (TFS) and overall survival.

Results

Of 947 ALF patients, 370 (39%) had evidence of SLI. ALF patients with SLI (ALF‐SLI) had significantly worse oxygenation than controls on admission (median PF ratio 120 vs 300 mm Hg, P < .0001) and higher lactate (6.1 vs 4.6 mmol/l, P = .0008). ALF‐SLI patients had higher rates of tracheal (19% vs 14%) and bloodstream (17% vs 11%, P < .005 for both) infections and were more likely to receive transfusions (red cells 55% vs 43%; FFP 74% vs 66%; P < .009 for both). ALF‐SLI patients were less likely to receive LT (18% vs 25%, P = .02) and had significantly decreased 21‐day TFS (34% vs 42%) and overall survival (49% vs 64%, P < .007 for both). After adjusting for significant covariates (INR, bilirubin, acetaminophen aetiology), the development of SLI was independently associated with decreased 21‐day TFS (OR 0.71, P = .03) in ALF patients (C‐index 0.78). The incorporation of SLI improved discriminatory ability of the King's College Criteria (P = .0061) but not the ALFSG prognostic index (P = .34).

Conclusion

Significant lung injury is a common complication in ALF patients that adversely affects patient outcomes.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: Nutritional screening and assessment tools in cirrhosis
Authors: Ney Michael , Li Suqing , Vandermeer Ben , Gramlich Leah , Ismond Kathleen P. , Raman Maitreyi , Tandon Puneeta
Published: October 2019

Background & Aims

Disease‐related malnutrition is common in cirrhosis. Multiple studies have evaluated nutritional screening tools (NSTs, rapid bedside tests targeting who needs assessment) and nutritional assessment tools (NATs, used in diagnosing malnutrition) as predictors of clinical outcome in this population. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of this literature with the aim of summarising the varying definitions of malnutrition across studies, the available evidence for NSTs and the ability of NSTs and NATs to predict clinical outcomes in cirrhosis.

Methods

The primary outcome measures were pre‐ and post‐transplant mortality with a range of secondary outcomes. Inclusion: cirrhosis over age 16. Exclusion: >25% with hepatocellular carcinoma, primarily laboratory test‐based NATs or lack of screening, assessment or outcome criteria.

Results

Eight thousand eight hundred fifty patients were included across 47 studies. Only 3 studies assessed NSTs. Thirty‐two definitions for malnutrition were utilised across studies. NATs predicted pre‐transplant mortality in 69% of cases that were assessed with a risk ratio (RR) of 2.38 (95% CI 1.96‐2.89). NATs were prognostic for post‐transplant mortality only 28% of the times they were assessed, with a RR of 3.04 (95% CI 1.51‐6.12).

Conclusions

The cirrhosis literature includes limited data on nutrition screening and multiple definitions for what constitutes malnutrition using NATs. Despite this discordance, it is clear that malnutrition is a valuable predictor of pre‐transplant mortality almost regardless of how it is defined. We require clinical and research consensus around the definition of malnutrition and the accepted processes and cut‐points for nutrition screening and assessment in cirrhosis.
Not being there: An analysis of expertise‐induced amnesia
Authors: Høffding Simon , Montero Barbara Gail
Published: October 2019

It has been hypothesized that postperformance memory gaps occur in highly skilled individuals because experts generally perform their skills without conscious attention. In contrast, we hypothesize that such memory gaps may occur when performers focus so intently on their unfolding actions that their ongoing attention interferes with long‐term memory formation of what was previously attended to, or when performers are highly focused on aspects of their bodily skills that are not readily put into words. In neither case, we argue, does performance proceed automatically yet both situations, we suggest, may lead to an inability to recollect performance.
Functional involvement of acid‐sensing ion channel 3 in the swallowing reflex in rats
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Zakir , Ando Hiroshi , Unno Shumpei , Nakamoto Tetsuji , Kitagawa Junichi
Published: October 2019

Background

Difficulty swallowing represents a major health problem. Swallowing function is improved by incorporating weak acids in suspensions/food boluses, implicating acid‐sensing ion channels (ASICs) in the swallowing reflex. However, the functional involvement of ASICs in the swallowing reflex has not been fully elucidated.

Methods

We localized ASIC3s in swallowing‐related regions innervated by the superior laryngeal nerves (SLNs) and those in the nodose‐petrosal‐jugular ganglionic complex (NPJc) and examined their functional involvement in evoking the swallowing reflex in rats.

Key Results

We localized ASIC3s on epithelial cells and nerve fibers in swallowing‐related regions innervated by the SLNs. In the NPJc, around half of the SLN‐afferent neurons expressed ASIC3. Two‐thirds of ASIC3s were localized on unmyelinated neurons in the nodose and petrosal ganglia. In the jugular ganglia, they were equally distributed on unmyelinated and myelinated neurons. Topical application of a synthetic non‐proton ASIC3 activator, 2‐guanidine‐4‐methylquinazoline (GMQ), and its natural endogenous ligand agmatine (a metabolite of the amino acid arginine) in swallowing‐related regions evoked a considerable number of swallowing reflexes. Increasing the concentration of GMQ and agmatine up to a certain concentration increased the number of evoked reflexes and shortened the interval between the evoked reflexes. Agmatine was less potent than GMQ in its ability to evoke swallowing reflexes. Prior topical application of an ASIC3 antagonist significantly attenuated the number of GMQ‐ and agmatine‐evoked swallowing reflexes.

Conclusions & Inferences

Acid‐sensing ion channel 3s localized on nerves and epithelial cells in swallowing‐related regions are functional in evoking the swallowing reflex and activation of these channels via a pharmacological agonist appears to improve swallowing behavior.