bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy in the acute hospital phase of strokes: A bibliographic review
Authors: Ferreira Fátima S. , De França Natália B. M. , Lima Rubens A. , Ferreira Juliana R. , Sales Késsia N. A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Early rehabilitation of patients with strokes isan important component in interdisciplinarity within thehospital environment since, in addition to other interventions.they culminate in early mobilization by removing patientsfrom their beds as soon as possible. Guidelines recommendthe start of motor physiotherapy as early as possible, althoughthe results of published studies are still inconclusive as to therelevant benefits of these interventions. Objective: To analyzethe importance of the performance of physiotherapists in theacute phase of the stroke in the hospital environment througha narrative review of the literature. Methods: to construct thisnarrative review, a search of data in the literature was madethrough consultation of the electronic databases: Scielo, Bireme,Pub Med, Lilacs Google Scholar and specialized booksin the field. We excluded any articles that addressed cerebrovascularaccidents in the chronic phase and those that werepublished before the year 2000. Results: The articles analyzedconsider that physiotherapy can be considered a great ally inrehabilitation, thus reducing the risks of clinical complicationsby acting early in the hospital phase of the post-stroke patient.Conclusion: Through early mobilization and the relevance ofphysiotherapeutic intervention in the prevention of clinicalcomplications, motor gains in the performance of daily lifeactivities (ADLs) and quality of life (QoL) of these patientscan be seen.Keywords: Rehabilitation; Physiotherapy; Stroke; Earlyintervention
Land-based versus water-based walking programs in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis: preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Arrieiro Arthur N. , Mendonça Vanessa A. , Fonseca Sueli F. , Santos Jousielle M. , Ribeiro Vanessa C. G. , Amorim Mateus R. , Leopoldino Amanda A. O. , Lacerda Ana C. R.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (kOA) is a chronic degenerativedisorder. Aerobic exercise programs have been effectivetreatments to reduce symptoms in kOA. However, studiescomparing land- and water-based interventions did notcontrol for the intensity of exercise programs. Objectives:Investigate the effects of walking programs with a controlledprogressive workload in water compared to land in terms ofpain, functional and physical performance, and quality oflife in elderly women with kOA. Materials and Methods: Thewalking training programs were divided into two groups:1) land-based aerobic training (LB); and 2) water-based aerobictraining (WB). Each training session was divided intothree phases: 1 – Warm-up (5 minutes): stretching exercises;2 - Training (30 to 55 minutes): walking at target heart rate;3 – Cool-down (5 minutes). Sixteen elderly women with kOAunderwent assessments of functional performance using thesix-minute walk test (6MWT) and the stair test (ST), whilephysical performance, maximum oxygen consumption (VO-2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) were determined during aprogressive test. kOA was assessed by the Western Ontario andMcMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), andquality of life was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). All parameters werereevaluated after 12 weeks of aerobic training that consisted ofwalking (duration: 30-55 min.; intensity: 72-82% of maximalheart rate). Results: No significant difference between the LBand WB groups was found. There was a reduction in self-reportedpain (by WOMAC), increased performance in the 6MWTand ST, increased VO2max and VO2max corresponding to ATand improved quality of life (by SF-36) in both groups aftertraining compared with before intervention. Conclusion:Land-based aerobic training was as effective as its water-basedequivalent in clinical, physical and functional parameters inelderly women with knee OA.Keywords: Osteoarthritis of knee; Elderly; Aerobic training.
COMENTÁRIOS DA NARRATIVA DE ATOS 13. 14-41; 14. 14-18; 17. 22-34; 22. 1-24 PELA PERSPECTIVA TEÓRICA DE GÉRARD GENETTE
Authors: Oliveira Luciene De Lima
Published: April 2021

Gérard Genette conceitua a narrativa como a representação de um acontecimento ou de vários acontecimentos, considerados reais ou fictícios, por meio da linguagem e, principalmente, da linguagem escrita (GENETTE, 2011, p. 265). A estrutura da narrativa, em Genette, é analisada tendo por referências três categorias, que são fundamentadas no(a): tempo, modo e voz. Assim é que o presente artigo tem por escopo tecer comentários de alguns excertos do livro de Atos dos Apóstolos pelo viés teórico de Gérard Genette.
Disputes in aesthetic practice: what can be done?
Authors: Martin Ross
Published: April 2021

Disputes, grievances and complaints are increasing, but aesthetic practitioners often do not have the experience to handle these matters, and they are usually instructed to pass these over to their insurers. Dr Ross Martin explains the role of mediator and how they can help in such disputes
OB-MECC: An Efficient Confidentiality and Security Enhancement for Cloud Storage System
Authors: NagaRaju P. , Nagamalleswara Rao N.
Published: April 2021

Cloud computing (CC) is one amongst the developing technologies, which get more attention from academia as well as industries. It offers diverse benefits like sharing computing resources, service flexibility, reducing costs, etc. The Cloud Services Provider (CSP) is accountable for the data that are delivered to the cloud. The threat of seeing the stored data and using sensitive raw data by strangers is the main barrier in the utilization of cloud services. So, Data Security (DS) along with privacy is the chief issue, which is an obstacle while adopting the CC. Countless techniques are existent for ensuring data confidentiality, but they do not completely give protection to the data. To trounce these drawbacks, this paper introduces the Obfuscation (OB) based Modified Elliptical Curve Cryptography (MECC) algorithm for protecting data as of malicious attacks, which is termed as OB-MECC. Primarily, the proposed method obfuscates the data before they are uploaded to the cloud. For the OB of the data, the proposed work employs methods like substitution cipher (SC), position update, Ceaser cipher, binary conversion, 8-bit binary conversion, decimal(),  two complex(), and ASCII(). Then, encryption of the obfuscated data is done with the utilization of the MECC algorithm. After encryption, the data on the cloud is retrieved. The retrieved data is then decrypted by reversing the OB and encryption process to get the actual data. The outcomes corroborate that the confidentiality and security level are maximum for the proposed OB-MECC when contrasted to the existing approaches.
Improved IDR Response System for Sensor Network
Authors: Kathirvel A. , Subramaniam M. , Navaneethan S. , Sabarinath C.
Published: April 2021

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is highly sophisticated than ad hoc wireless network. Ad hoc wireless network is mostly affected by different resources such as high processing energy, storage capabilities and battery backup and etc. Due to the open nature, poor infrastructure, quick deployment practices, and the conflict environments, make them susceptible to a wide range of attacks. Recently, the network attack affects the performance of networks such as network lifetime, throughput, delay, energy consumption, and packet loss. The conventional security mechanisms like intrusion detection system (IDS) of network security are not enough for these networks. In this thesis, we introduce an enhanced intrusion detection and response (EIDR) system using two tire processes. The first contribution of proposed EIDR system is optimal cluster formation and performed by the chaotic ant optimization (CAO) algorithm. The second contribution is to calculate the trust value of each sensor node using the multi objective differential evolution (MODE) algorithm. The computed trust value is used to design the intrusion response action (IRA) system, which offers additional functions and exhibit multiple characteristics of response to mitigate intrusion impacts. The simulation results display that the proposed EIDR system has a better detection rate and false positive rate without affecting network performance.
Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of Crime Data
Authors: Mudgal Manisha , Punj Deepika , Pillai Anuradha
Published: April 2021

Crime is one of the biggest and dominating problems in today’s world and it is not only harmful to the person involved but also to the community and government. Due to escalation in crime frequency, there is a need for a system that can detect and predict crimes. This paper describes the summary of the different methods and techniques used to identify, analyze and predict upcoming and present crimes. This paper shows, how data mining techniques can be used to detect and predict crime using association mining rule, k-means clustering, decision tree, artificial neural networks and deep learning methods are also explained. Most of the researches are currently working on forecasting the occurrence of future crime. There is a need for approaches that can work on real-time crime prediction at high speed and accuracy. In this paper, a model has been proposed that can work on real-time crime prediction by recognizing human actions.
Suspicious Action Detection in Intelligent Surveillance System Using Action Attribute Modelling
Authors: Mudgal Manisha , Punj Deepika , Pillai Anuradha
Published: April 2021

Research in the field of image processing and computer vision for recognition of suspicious activity is growing actively.   Surveillance systems play a key role in monitoring of sensitive places such as airports, railway stations, shopping complexes,   roads, parking areas, roads, banks. For a human it is very difficult to monitor surveillance videos continually, therefore a smart and intelligent system is required that can do real time monitoring of all activities and can categories between usual and some abnormal activities. In this paper many different abnormal activities has been discussed.  More focuses is given to violence activity like hitting, slapping, punching etc. For this large human action dataset like UCF101, Kaggel is required. This paper proposes a method to model violence actions using Gaussian Mixture Model with Universal Attribute Model. In this action vector is used to remove redundant attributes and get a low dimensional relevant action vectors.
Keyframe Generation Method via Improved Clustering and Silhouette Coefficient for Video Summarization
Authors: Wang Fengsui , Chen Jingang , Liu Furong
Published: April 2021

In order to solve the issue that the traditional k-means algorithm falls into the local optimal solution in video summarization due to unreasonable initial parameter setting, a video summarization generation algorithm by using improved clustering and silhouette coefficient was proposed. Firstly, color features and texture features are extracted and fused from the decomposed video frames. Secondly, the hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to obtain the initial clustering results. And then, the improved k-means algorithm with silhouette coefficient is introduced to optimize the initial clustering results. Finally, the nearest frame from the cluster center is selected as the keyframe, and all the final keyframes are arranged in the order of the time sequence in the original video to constitute video summarization. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on the benchmark Open Video Database dataset with an average 71% precision, 84% recall rate, and 76% F-score, which is higher than state-of-the-art video summarization methods. Moreover, it generates video keyframes that are closer to user summaries, and it improves effectively the overall quality of the generated summary.
News Recommendation Systems in the Era of Information Overload
Authors: Feng Shuaishuai , Meng Junyan , Zhang Jiaxing
Published: April 2021

The internet has reconstructed information boundaries in the modern world, and along with mobile internet has become the most important source of information for the public. Simultaneously, the internet has brought humanity into an era of information overload. In response to this information overload, recommendation systems backed by big data and smart algorithms have become highly popular on information platforms on the internet. There have already been many studies that attempted to improve and upgrade recommendation algorithms from a technical perspective, but the field lacks a comprehensive reflection on news recommendation algorithms. In our study, we summarize the principles and characteristics of current news recommendation algorithms and discuss “unexpected consequences” that might arise from these algorithms. In particular, technical bottlenecks include cold starts and data sparsity, and moral bottlenecks are presented in the form of information imbalance and manipulation. These problems may cause new recommendation systems to become a “warped mirror”.
Machine Learning Modeling: A New Way to do Quantitative Research in Social Sciences in the Era of AI
Authors: Zhang Jiaxing , Feng Shuaishuai
Published: April 2021

Improvements in big data and machine learning algorithms have helped AI technologies reach a new breakthrough and have provided a new opportunity for quantitative research in the social sciences. Traditional quantitative models rely heavily on theoretical hypotheses and statistics but fail to acknowledge the problem of overfitting, causing the research results to be less generalizable, and further leading to societal predictions in the social sciences being ignored when they should have been meaningful. Machine learning models that use cross validation and regularization can effectively solve the problem of overfitting, providing support for the societal predictions based on these models. This paper first discusses the sources and internal mechanisms of overfitting, and then introduces machine learning modeling by discussing its high-level ideas, goals, and concrete methods. Finally, we discuss the shortcomings and limiting factors of machine learning models. We believe that using machine learning in social sciences research is an opportunity and not a threat. Researchers should adopt an objective attitude and make sure that they know how to combine traditional methods with new methods in their research based on their needs.
Distributed Energy Transaction Model Based on the Alliance Blockchain in Case of China
Authors: He Yongxiu , Xiong Wei , Yang Bin-you , Zhang Rui , Cui Ming-li , Feng Tian-tian , Sun Yi-er
Published: April 2021

Distributed energy, mainly composed of new energy, plays an important role in promoting the development of new energy. At present, the development of distributed energy is greatly hindered by imperfect trading platform and unstable output of new energy. Blockchain is decentralized, autonomous and requires collaborative management. Its own technical characteristics have the inherent advantages of reconstructing the energy system. The alliance chain in the blockchain is more suitable for building a distributed energy trading platform. The paper constructs a distributed energy transaction model based on alliance blockchain, studies the integration mode of blockchain and distributed energy transaction, and explores the application of blockchain in distributed transaction. The paper provides a new idea for optimizing and reconstructing the traditional distributed energy trading platform, and providing decision support for promoting distributed energy trading.
Construction and Application of the User Behavior Knowledge Graph in Software Platforms
Authors: Shang Fuhua , Ding Qiuyu , Du Ruishan , Cao Maojun , Chen Huanyu
Published: April 2021

The analysis of user behavior provides a large amount of useful information. After being extracted, this information is called user knowledge. User knowledge plays a guiding role in implementing user-centric updates for software platforms. A good representation and application of user knowledge can accelerate the development of a software platform and improve its quality. This paper aims to further the utilization of user knowledge by mining the user knowledge that is implicit in user behavior and then constructing a knowledge graph of this behavior. First, the association between a software bug and a software component is mined from the user knowledge. Then, the knowledge entity extraction and relationship extraction are performed from the development code and the user behavior. Finally, the knowledge is stored in the graph database, from which it can be visually retrieved. Relevant experiments on CIFLog, an integrated logging processing software platform, have proved the effectiveness of this research. Constructing a user behavior knowledge graph can improve the utilization of user knowledge as well as the quality of software platform development.
«El hombre y lo divino» de María Zambrano: una ética más allá de Nietzsche, una estética con Antonioni
Authors: Cella Paul
Published: April 2021

En El hombre y lo divino, María Zambrano sostiene, como Nietzsche, que los seres humanos nunca alcanzarán la verdad racionalmente. Agrega un corolario ético: hay que asumir tales limitaciones. Pero Zambrano va más allá que Nietzsche al aceptar las implicaciones de su postura. Además, su demanda de suponer que hay una porción incognoscible del mundo, unida a su elogio del arte modernista (Schoenberg y Picasso) por descubrir lo incognoscible, implica que una extensión lógica de este elogio, si incluyera el cine, debería contener más que el neorrealismo italiano al que Zambrano hizo referencia en sus escritos fílmicos, al modernista Michelangelo Antonioni.
Vocazione e rinascita di un pagliaccio
Authors: Moretti Manuela
Published: April 2021

A partir del ensayo de María Zambrano «Charlot o el histrionismo», este artículo intenta mostrar cómo Limelight, la última película americana de Chaplin, es capaz de revelar lo más esencial del ser humano: su propia vocación. Además, se propone investigar el tema del sueño como manifestación primaria apta para revelar la trama metafísica de la vida humana. Finalmente, el artículo muestra que el nacimiento puede ofrecer una llave hermeneútica válida para una lectura del ensayo zambraniano
Del delirio: planos y secuencias
Authors: Morey Miguel
Published: April 2021

Se recoge en este artículo una relación ordenada de los materiales más relevantes de la indagación, llevada a cabo durante el confinamiento, sobre el vínculo entre las imágenes y las palabras en los delirios que escribió Zambrano, considerados en su doble registro: como forma de expresión literaria y también como umbral de conciencia. El punto de partida del ejercicio lo brindaría una cierta mirada cinematográfica, más atenta a la fuerza de la imagen que a la forma del sentido, que se ha supuesto como singularmente idónea para dialogar con los delirios de Zambrano.
La visión en su cima: "El método de los claros"
Authors: Mouriño José Manuel
Published: April 2021

A partir del film documental titulado El método de los claros, se desarrolla una propuesta expositiva en la que se rearticulan las líneas argumentales y las imágenes del film. El texto busca profundizar en cómo determinadas imágenes cinematográficas (films documentales sobre la guerra civil española, imágenes periodísticas, así como la extraordinaria película de Víctor Erice El espíritu de la colmena) pueden servir como argumento a la hora de analizar la importancia del concepto de «exilio» en el pensamiento de María Zambrano.
Aspectos éticos y legales de los test de portadores de mutaciones recesivas en tratamientos de reproducción humana asistida con gametos donados
Authors: Reguera Cabezas Marta
Published: April 2021

La contribución de donantes, necesaria en numerosos tratamientos de reproducción asistida, exige la aplicación de protocolos que garanticen la compatibilidad y seguridad en la selección y aplicación de dichas donaciones. Este trabajo analiza algunos aspectos relacionados con los avances tecnológicos que permiten detectar mutaciones para enfermedades recesivas, abriendo la posibilidad a la comparación genética (matching) entre donantes y receptores, reduciendo los riesgos de enfermedades transmisibles a la descendencia.  Observando los límites que plantea esta tecnología, especialmente, el marco jurídico que rige la obligatoriedad o no de su utilización, así como la intervención de la autonomía del paciente receptor de dichos gametos. Poniendo de manifiesto la importancia del abordaje interdisciplinar y normativo ante la expansión de estos avances en reproducción asistida.
Una justificación del deber de investigar durante la emergencia de salud pública por COVID-19: derecho a la ciencia y obligaciones distributivas
Authors: Bianchini Alahí
Published: April 2021

En este artículo, daré una justificación del deber de investigar que tienen los Estados durante los contextos de emergencia de salud pública, en este caso por la pandemia provocada por el SARS-CoV-2. Además, defenderé que este deber de investigar se corresponde con el derecho a la ciencia en tiempos normales, y en tiempos de emergencia también con el derecho a la salud, y detallaré qué obligaciones se derivan. Finalmente, intentaré responder algunas objeciones relativas a la investigación con seres humanos en tiempo de pandemias, a saber, la impermisibilidad moral de la investigación, la pérdida de tiempo al investigar en pandemia, la minimización de estándares en contextos de emergencia y la irrelevancia estatal.
Posturas y presuposiciones éticas en el debate por el uso de animales no humanos en investigación científica
Authors: Vega Ángeles Ricardo , Ortiz Millán Gustavo Mauricio
Published: April 2021

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar los problemas morales del uso de animales no humanos en investigación científica. Para esto se examinan cuatro posturas representativas al interior de este debate: 1) irrestricta, 2) equilibrada, 3) dilemática y 4) abolicionista, las cuales surgen de los compromisos que se toman respecto a ciertas premisas clave con las cuales se está de acuerdo o no. Dichas premisas se refieren a la importancia que le da cada postura a i) la afectación de intereses en animales, ii) la relevancia moral de estos intereses, iii) la justificación por beneficios de la experimentación animal y iv) la importancia del interés humano comparado con el de los otros animales. Cada postura acepta y rechaza un patrón particular de estos puntos, y al hacer explícitos estos compromisos podemos analizar los problemas y contradicciones que posee cada una. Al final se encuentra que las tres primeras posturas contienen incongruencias importantes respecto a la diferencia de tratos que permiten entre humanos y los animales sujetos a experimentación, además de que deben de aceptar en diferente grado el excepcionalismo humano y el especismo para explicarse. Mientras que la postura abolicionista –pese a tener más dificultades prácticas– es más consistente, a la vez que protege a animales humanos y no humanos de ser dañados por estas prácticas.
Las Tres Ces como ampliación de las Tres Erres para una praxis ética en la investigación biomédica
Authors: Téllez Ballesteros Elizabeth , Vanda Cantón Beatriz
Published: April 2021

La propuesta de las Tres Ces que aquí se presenta para una investigación ética con animales, está basada en las Tres Eses de Carol Newton e incluye a las Tres Erres. Consiste en: ciencia íntegra, criterio objetivo y cultura del cuidado. La ciencia íntegra se construye mediante un adecuado método científico, trabajando con honestidad y en apego a la normatividad. El criterio objetivo tiene su fundamento en la evaluación retrospectiva, el análisis daño-beneficio y las tres erres; y la cultura del cuidado se alcanza a través de la aplicación de la bioética, el bienestar animal y la responsabilidad con las vidas de los animales. Varios de los conceptos se traslapan y vinculan para contribuir a una buena praxis en la experimentación biomédica con animales.
Identificación, localización y caracterización de la vulnerabilidad energética a nivel de sección censal en el municipio de Barcelona
Authors: Desvallees Lise
Published: April 2021

En los últimos años, el interés por la pobreza energética ha emergido en Europa, donde 50 millones de personas encuentran dificultades financieras para calentarse, cocinar o iluminar sus viviendas. En España, la pobreza energética se ha disparado con la crisis económica de 2008, y se ha convertido en un problema público, tratado por políticas públicas a escala europea, nacional y local. Por eso, la elaboración de metodologías de medida del fenómeno es un desafío central, tanto para identificar los hogares necesitando apoyo como por evaluar el éxito de las medidas de atenuación del problema. El presente articulo se inscribe en una dinámica científica de contextualización de la pobreza energética en una escala descentralizada, y aplica el enfoque de la vulnerabilidad energética para captar los factores locales ampliando el riesgo de emergencia del problema. Por eso, el articulo despliega una nueva metodología movilizando los datos de la certificación energética, y la aplica al caso del Municipio de Barcelona a la escala de la sección censal.
Producción inmobiliaria, intermediación financiera y reservas de suelo en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Gasic Klett Ivo Ricardo
Published: April 2021

El uso de los bienes raíces como activos subyacentes a los servicios financieros ha sido un factor clave para la financiarización de la economía mundial. Asimismo, existen fundamentos para concentrar la atención en las relaciones existentes entre finanzas y suelo, siendo éste un activo fijo no depreciable. Desde el punto de vista de la economía política, distintos investigadores han dado cuenta de una creciente intermediación financiera del suelo. En este contexto, se investiga la participación del sector financiero en el mercado del suelo de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago, Chile. Se estiman niveles de participación y luego se focaliza la atención en la financiarización de bienes raíces vía leasing. Los resultados confirman una alta participación financiera en el mercado del suelo pero también de otros bienes raíces; y un creciente uso del leasing -por parte de empresas aseguradoras- como instrumento para reservar grandes terrenos urbanos vacantes.
Verification of phase measurement error sources in phase-shifting interferometry with four step phase-shifting algorithms
Authors: Pak Il-Jun , Kim Chol-Su , Kang Jong-Chol , Son Ju-Ryong
Published: April 2021

The phase-shifting technique is one of the most important techniques in interferometry. The measurement accuracy of this technique is affected by several kinds of systematic and random errors like miscalibration, nonlinear response and tilt shift of the phase shifter, nonlinear recording, speckles, fringe fluctuation, etc. In this paper, a method for verification of all of these phase measurement error sources is proposed by introducing a grayscale image. This image is composed from the lattice-site representation determined by a four step phase-shifting algorithm, which represents the distribution of phase-shift angle values. The shape of the grayscale image is definitely more expressive and demonstrative for the kinds of measurement error sources than the black dot distribution in lattice-site representation. So, with this technique, we can recognize the existence of various measurement error sources and roughly estimate their magnitudes before proceeding with experiments. Our method is to be rather qualitative than quantitative. The availability of this method is discussed in a phase-shifting Fizeau interferometer and a fringe projection profilometry. This method is useful in all kinds of interferometric measurements based on the phase-shifting technique.
Underwater localization system based on visible-light communications using neural networks
Authors: Ghonim Alzahraa M. , Salama Wessam M. , El-Fikky Abd El-Rahman A. , Khalaf Ashraf A. M. , Shalaby Hossam M. H.
Published: April 2021

Underwater localization using visible-light communications is proposed based on neural networks (NNs) estimation of received signal strength (RSS). Our proposed work compromises two steps: data collection and NN training. First, data are collected with the aid of Zemax OpticStudio Monte Carlo ray tracing software, where we configure 40,000 receivers in a

100

m

×
100

m

area in order to measure the channel gain for each detector in seawater. The channel gains represent the input data set to the NN, while the output of the NN is the coordinates of each detector based on the RSS intensity technique. Next, an NN system is built and trained with the aid of Orange data mining software. Several trials for NN implementations are performed, and the best training algorithms, activation functions, and number of neurons are determined. In addition, several performance measures are considered in order to evaluate the robustness of the proposed network. Specifically, we evaluate the following parameters: classification accuracy (CA), area under the curve (AUC), training time, testing time, F1, precision, recall, logloss, and specificity. The corresponding measures are as follows: 99.1% for AUC and 98.7% for CA, F1, precision, and recall. Further, the performance results of logloss and specificity are 7.3% and 99.3% respectively.
All-fiber integrated saturable absorber-tunable wavelength filter for Q-switching laser in both C- and L-bands
Authors: Kim Byungjoo , Hong Seongjin , Park Jaedeok , Dong-Il Yeom , Oh Kyunghwan
Published: April 2021

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated combining a nonlinear optic saturable absorber and a wideband-tunable spectral filter in a single graphene oxide (GO) film deposited fiber optic device. The GO film was prepared on the cleaved facet of an optical fiber applying two sequential processes: the electrical deposition to make a thick GO film using an arc fusion splicer, followed by the laser pulse drilling to form a multi-layered GO film. The GO deposited fiber facet and a pristine fiber facet formed an asymmetric Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI), whose spectral response was flexibly controlled by adjusting the air gap between them. An all-fiber ring laser cavity was built using the proposed device as a tunable saturable absorber along with erbium-doped fiber as a gain medium in the L-band. Stable Q-switching laser pulse trains were successfully generated, whose pulse duration was in the order of a few microseconds and its peak wavelength was tunable over 40nm from 1564 to 1604nm covering both C-and L-bands. At a certain condition, we also obtained Q-switching pulses simultaneously lasing at the double wavelengths, 1573.3 and 1586.7nm. Detailed device fabrication processes and laser characteristics are described to elucidate the high potential of 2-dimensional material films in nonlinear optics.
Semi-permeable resonant aluminum gratings for structural coloration in transmission
Authors: Lochbihler Hans , Kleemann Bernd H.
Published: April 2021

The novel type of diffraction gratings consists of a semi-permeable corrugated aluminum film with periods supporting first-order diffraction in the visible wavelength range. These gratings exhibit coloring of the transmitted zeroth order due to excitation of surface plasmons. The hue depends on the angle of incidence and may be adjusted by varying the grating period. Manufactured samples with motifs containing grating arrays of different periods demonstrate a wide range of achievable colors. The fabrication process is suited for scale-up to large area production, since the replication on plastic foils can be implemented as a cost-effective roll-to-roll process. These gratings have practical applications as security features, since they are fully compatible to widely used rainbow holograms.
Anticoagulant rodenticide exposure and toxicosis in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in the United States
Authors: Niedringhaus Kevin D. , Nemeth Nicole M. , Gibbs Samantha , Zimmerman Jared , Shender Lisa , Slankard Kate , Fenton Heather , Charlie Bahnson , Dalton Martha Frances , Elsmo Elizabeth J. , Poppenga Robert , Millsap Brian , Ruder Mark G.
Published: April 2021

Raptors, including eagles, are geographically widespread and sit atop the food chain, thereby serving an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance. After facing population declines associated with exposure to organochlorine insecticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) have recovered from the brink of extinction. However, both bald and golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) are exposed to a variety of other toxic compounds in the environment that could have population impacts. Few studies have focused on anticoagulant rodenticide (AR) exposure in eagles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the types of ARs that eagles are exposed to in the USA and better define the extent of toxicosis (i.e., fatal illness due to compound exposure). Diagnostic case records from bald and golden eagles submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (University of Georgia) 2014 through 2018 were reviewed. Overall, 303 eagles were examined, and the livers from 116 bald eagles and 17 golden eagles were tested for ARs. The percentage of AR exposure (i.e., detectable levels but not associated with mortality) in eagles was high; ARs were detected in 109 (82%) eagles, including 96 (83%) bald eagles and 13 (77%) golden eagles. Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis was determined to be the cause of mortality in 12 (4%) of the 303 eagles examined, including 11 bald eagles and 1 golden eagle. Six different AR compounds were detected in these eagles, with brodifacoum and bromadiolone most frequently detected (81% and 25% of eagles tested, respectively). These results suggest that some ARs, most notably brodifacoum, are widespread in the environment and are commonly consumed by eagles. This highlights the need for research to understand the pathways of AR exposure in eagles, which may help inform policy and regulatory actions to mitigate AR exposure risk.
Use of corticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: Systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Paglia Mariana Del Grossi , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Lopes Luciane Cruz , Barberato-Filho Silvio , Mazzei Lauren Giustti , Abe Flavia Casale , de Cássia Bergamaschi Cristiane
Published: April 2021

Evidence on the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticoids for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is inconclusive and is not up to date. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness and safety of these anti-inflammatories (AI) in the treatment of RA. COCHRANE (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and Virtual Health Library were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) with adults which used AI (dose represented in mg/day) compared with placebo or active controls and was carried out up to December of 2019. Reviewers, in pairs and independently, selected studies, performed the data extraction and assessed the risk of bias. The quality of the evidence was assessed by GRADE. Network meta-analyses were performed using the Stata v.14.2. Twenty-six articles were selected (NSAIDs = 21 and corticoids = 5). Naproxen 1,000 improved physical function, reduced pain and the number of painful joints compared to placebo. Etoricoxib 90 reduced the number of painful joints compared to placebo. Naproxen 750 reduced the number of swollen joints, except for etoricoxib 90. Naproxen 1,000, etoricoxib 90 and diclofenac 150 were better than placebo regarding patient assessment. Assessment physician showed that NSAIDs were better than placebo. Meta-analyses were not performed for prednisolone and prednisone. Naproxen 1,000 was the most effective drug and celecoxib 200 showed fewer adverse events. However, the low quality of the evidence observed for the outcomes with NSAIDs, the absence of meta-analyses to assess the outcomes with corticoids, as well as the risk of bias observed, indicate that future RCT can confirm such findings.
Correlation between Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound (HEAD-US) score and Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) in patients with hemophilic arthropathy
Authors: Prasetyo Marcel , Moniqa Ratna , Tulaar Angela , Prihartono Joedo , Setiawan Stefanus Imanuel
Published: April 2021

Background

Hemophilic arthropathy, a condition manifested as joint destruction due to spontaneous joint bleeding, is one complication of hemophiliac patients. Early detection and intervention may improve the outcome, in which ultrasonography can be an ideal modality with the introduction of HEAD-US (Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound) protocol. Studies have shown US benefit in hemophiliac patients, including its potential as an alternative for the Hemophiliac Joint Health Score (HJHS) system. However, many of the studies were conducted in countries with better management of hemophilia using prophylaxis treatment. It is unclear whether HEAD-US has a correlation with HJHS in countries using episodic treatment only, like in Indonesia.

Purpose

This study aimed to explore the correlation between HEAD-US and HJHS in hemophiliac patients with joint problems in Indonesia.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional correlation study between HEAD-US and HJHS was performed with primary data collected from 120 hemophilic patients. US examination was performed on elbow, knee and ankle joints using the HEAD-US scoring method by a musculoskeletal radiologist. HJHS examination was conducted by a trained physiotherapist and a medical rehabilitation specialist. All examiner is member of multidisciplinary Hemophiliac Management Team in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Results

The mean age of the participant was 9.3 (5–14) years old. The median score of HEAD-US was 8 (1–28) with most of the joint abnormalities found on the ankles. The median score of HJHS was 3 (0–35), with most joint abnormalities found on the knees. There was a moderate correlation between HEAD-US and HJHS score (p < 0.05, r = 0.65).

Conclusion

HEAD-US shows a moderate correlation to HJHS in hemophiliac patients who received episodic treatment. HEAD-US can provide additional value in the anatomical evaluation of the joint and could be complementary to HJHS in assessing the joint status in hemophilic patient
Neural correlates of episodic memory modulated by temporally delayed rewards
Authors: Yoo Jungsun , Min Seokyoung , Lee Seung-Koo , Han Sanghoon
Published: April 2021

When a stimulus is associated with an external reward, its chance of being consolidated into long-term memory is boosted via dopaminergic facilitation of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Given that higher temporal distance (TD) has been found to discount the subjective value of a reward, we hypothesized that memory performance associated with a more immediate reward will result in better memory performance. We tested this hypothesis by measuring both behavioral memory performance and brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during memory encoding and retrieval tasks. Contrary to our hypothesis, both behavioral and fMRI results suggest that the TD of rewards might enhance the chance of the associated stimulus being remembered. The fMRI data demonstrate that the lateral prefrontal cortex, which shows encoding-related activation proportional to the TD, is reactivated when searching for regions that show activation proportional to the TD during retrieval. This is not surprising given that this region is not only activated to discriminate between future vs. immediate rewards, it is also a part of the retrieval-success network. These results provide support for the conclusion that the encoding-retrieval overlap provoked as the rewards are more delayed may lead to better memory performance of the items associated with the rewards.
Movement intensity demands between training activities and competition for elite female netballers
Authors: Brooks Edward R. , Benson Amanda C. , Fox Aaron S. , Bruce Lyndell M.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the differences in movement intensity demands between training activities and competition match-play in elite netball. Twelve elite female netballers (mean ± SD, age = 25.9 ± 5.1 years; height = 178.6 ± 8.9 cm, body mass = 71.1 ± 7.1 kg) competing in Australia’s premier domestic netball competition participated. Data were collected across the season from all pre-season training sessions (n = 29), pre-season practice matches (n = 8), in-season training sessions (n = 21), in-season practice matches (n = 5), and competition matches (n = 15). Linear mixed-effects models assessed differences in PlayerLoad™ per minute and metreage per minute between activity types (Specialist, Skill Drills, Set-piece, Match Scenarios, Practice Match-play, and Competition Match-play) for positional groupings (Defenders, Midcourters, and Goalers). Competition Match-play resulted in higher (p < 0.05) PlayerLoad™ than all training activity types, with the largest magnitudes of difference between Specialist–Competition (d = 0.44–0.59; small to medium) and Skill Drills–Competition (d = 0.35–0.63; small to medium) for all positional groups. The smallest difference was found between Match Scenarios–Competition (d = 0.12–0.20; trivial to small) and Practice Match-play–Competition (d = 0.12–0.14; trivial). Competition Match-play also resulted in higher (p < 0.05) metreage per minute than Specialist (d = 0.23–0.53; small to medium), Skill Drills (d = 0.19–0.61; trivial to medium) and Set-piece (d = 0.05–0.31; trivial to small). Training activity demands in order of least to most similar to competition were specialist, skill drills, set-piece, match scenarios, and practice match-play. We provide data that enables coaches and physical preparation staff to incorporate progressions into their training session designs that can replicate the movement intensity demands of competition in training.
Snapshot prey spectrum analysis of the phylogenetically early-diverging carnivorous Utricularia multifida from U. section Polypompholyx (Lentibulariaceae)
Authors: Horstmann Martin , Fleischmann Andreas , Tollrian Ralph , Poppinga Simon
Published: April 2021

Utricularia multifidais carnivorous bladderwort from Western Australia and belongs to a phylogenetically early-diverging lineage of the genus. We present a prey spectrum analysis resulting from a snapshot sampling of 17 traps–the first of this species to our knowledge. The most abundant prey groups were Ostracoda, Copepoda, and Cladocera. The genus cf.Cypretta(Cyprididae, Ostracoda) was the predominant prey. However, a high variety of other prey organisms with different taxonomic backgrounds was also detected. Our results indicate thatU.multifidamay potentially be specialized in capturing substrate-bound prey. Future approaches should sample plants from different localities to allow for robust comparative analyses.
Linking internalizing symptoms and dyadic adjustment during pregnancy among Portuguese first-time parents
Authors: Pereira Marco , Barbosa Rosa , Alves Stephanie , Fonseca Ana , Canavarro Maria Cristina
Published: April 2021

This study examined the mediating role of dyadic coping (DC) in the association between internalizing symptoms and dyadic adjustment in a sample of 184 couples expecting their first child. Each partner completed self-report questionnaires assessing symptoms of depression and anxiety, dyadic adjustment and DC during the second trimester of pregnancy. An extension of the actor-partner interdependence model for testing direct and indirect effects was used. Compared to men, women presented higher levels of internalizing symptoms and dyadic adjustment and engaged more in DC by self. Significant indirect effects of internalizing symptoms on dyadic adjustment via common DC and DC by one’s partner were found. Specifically, higher internalizing symptoms were associated with lower common DC and DC by one’s partner, which, in turn, were associated with lower dyadic adjustment. This mediation occurred either within person as well as across partners and occurred similarly for women and men. These results suggest that primiparous couples may benefit from DC-enhancing interventions, such as the cognitive-behavioral couple-based programs Couples Coping Enhancement Training (CCET) and Coping-Oriented Couple Therapy (COCT), to assist them in responding sensitively to their partners’ psychological symptoms, which may have a positive effect on marital adjustment.
A Course on Cognitive and Behavioural Interventions for Sleep Disorders within a Master Degree Programme in Clinical and Health Psychology
Authors: Gomes Ana Allen
Published: April 2021

Given the prevalence of sleep disorders, the efficacy and effectiveness of behavioural/cognitive interventions, mainly CBT for insomnia, we consider that a course on the topic should be introduced within the psychology master degree programmes. Since 2017/18 we are offering the optional course: Psychological Interventions on Sleep Disorders. The present work summarizes the course syllabus and analyses the students' perceptions regarding the first three editions. One hundred and twenty psychology master degree students have voluntarily registered at the course. End-of-semester online institutional anonymous questionnaires were voluntarily completed. Participants were asked to rate the course in a variety of parameters using a 5-point scale (1=minimum; 5=maximum). Ninety questionnaires were completed. Mean scores on each item (addressing: bibliography/other learning materials; quality of learnings; learning results; non-redundancy concerning other courses; theoretical-practical articulation; students’ active participation in the learning processes; development of analytical and critical reflection/thinking skills; overall self-assessment) ranged between 4.23 and 4.46, items’ mean score = 4.35. Students' perceptions on the first three semesters of the course were clearly encouraging. By offering a course on behavioural interventions for sleep disorders at master degree level, we hope to contribute to increase its delivery in health contexts in the near future.
Tahu Sejarah Tahu Sumedang
Authors:   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Fathy Rusydan , Khair Muhammad Luthfi ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences
Published: April 2021

Siapa yang tidak kenal dengan tahu Sumedang? Mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia pasti mengenal kuliner khas yang sudah menjadi ikon Kota Sumedang ini. Bagaimana tidak, tahu Sumedang ini memiliki cita rasa yang berbeda dengan tahu lainnya. Bagian luarnya yang renyah serta bagian dalamnya yang lembut dan gurih tentu memberikan sensasi dan cita rasa yang berbeda saat menyantapnya. Buku ini menceritakan kisah yang dituturkan oleh anggota keluarga Bungkeng, sebuah kisah tentang perjalanan tahu Sumedang sejak 100 tahun silam serta bagaimana mereka menciptakan, menjaga, dan membaginya kepada masyarakat luas. Selain itu, buku ini juga mengulas hal-hal mengenai sejarah, pertukaran moral, konsistensi dan ketulusan, serta inovasi produk kuliner yang terbalut dalam konteks tahu Sumedang dan para pelaku usahanya di Kota Sumedang. Dengan adanya kreativitas dari para pelaku usaha tahu Sumedang dan dukungan yang memadai dari pemerintah, baik pusat maupun daerah, industri tahu Sumedang diharapkan tidak hanya bisa mempertahankan eksistensinya, tetapi juga bisa melebarkan usahanya ke skala nasional, bahkan internasional. Selain itu, dengan terbitnya buku ini, diharapkan dapat menambah khazanah pengetahuan pembaca terhadap perjalanan tahu Sumedang.