bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of factors influencing the increase of extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs
Authors: heling ZHU , panpan GAN , jie ZHANG , hao JIANG , liangliang BAO , wangsong XU , Jiawen YU
Published: March 2023

Objective To analyze the factors influencing the increase of extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) in tumor patients lacking edema signs, and to provide reference for the diagnosis and timely management of early water retention in tumor patients.
Methods 274 tumor patients admitted to Anqing First People's Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University during 2020.12-2022.12 were selected, excluding clinically observable edema. General clinical data, main laboratory test results and body composition indexes were collected,and the valuable variables were screened for linear regression analysis with ECW/TBW based on professional knowledge and univariate analysis results.
Results Age, gender, hemoglobin, serum sodium,serum potassium and phase angle (PA) were independent influencing factors for elevated ECW/TBW. ECW/TBW increased with increasing age (partial regression coefficient B=0.009, P=0.001), ECW/TBW was higher in males than in females (B=-0.349, P<0.001), and hemoglobin (Hgb) negatively affected ECW/TBW (B=-0.003, P=0.039). Blood sodium positively affected ECW/TBW (B=0.019, P=0.011), while blood potassium had a negative effect (B=-0.180, P=0.001). PA was the factor with the greatest influence on ECW/TBW of all independent variables (B=-1.006, P<0.001). However, Performance Status (PS) score, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA) score, tumor stage, prealbumin, albumin, and body fat percentage were not independent influences for elevated ECW/TBW.
Conclusion The early influencing factors of water retention in tumor patients are mainly due to the abnormal function of cell membrane, but also affected by age, gender, anemia and electrolyte, and timely body composition testing can help in the next intervention decision making.
Predict the Risk of Variceal Rehemorrhage in Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Two-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Zhong Hui , Zhong Xuan , Zhong Lan , Li Jing , Xia Lu , Yang Changqing
Published: March 2023

Background and aims
Although portal vein thrombosis (PVT) was confirmed worsening portal hypertension and leading to poor prognosis, the risk stratification of such patients still be unclear. This study was to identify the clinical predictors of variceal rehemorrhage (VRH) and accordingly develop a competitive risk model in cirrhotic patients with PVT.
Methods
Cirrhotic patients with PVT admitted for variceal hemorrhage were retrospectively included from two tertiary centres and respectively served as the training and validation cohort for 1-year follow-up. A competitive risk model was developed based on the result of multivariate Cox regression analysis, of which the predictive performance and the optimal decision threshold were evaluated by C-index, competitive risk curves, calibration curves and decision curve analysis.
Results
A total of 199 patients completed 1-year follow-up, of which 64 (31.8%) patients occurred VRH. Multivariate Cox regression identified that CTP score (P=0.020), time course of PVT (P=0.036), CRP (P<0.001) and AST (P=0.047) were independently associated with VRH, which were incorporated into the competitive risk model, with high C-index (0.804 and 0.742 of the training and validation cohort, respectively). Competitive risk curves and calibration curves demonstrated its high risk stratification ability and consistency. The optimal decision range of the threshold probability was 0.2-1.0.
Conclusions
This study found that CTP score, time course of PVT, CRP and AST were independent predictors of VRH, based on which the competitive risk model could be conveniently used for clinical decision making in cirrhotic patients with PVT.
Method of taking into account influence of thermal shock on dynamics of small satellite and its use in analysis of microaccelerations
Authors: Sedelnikov Andry , Serdakova Valeria , Nikolaeva Alexandra
Published: March 2023

The article resents a method that allows taking into account the effect of thermal shock on the satellite dynamics. This method make possible to correct the motion model of a small satellite by adding effect of thermal shock to the model. Numerical modeling was carried out to analyze microaccelerations from thermal shock in the a one-dimensional model of thermal conductivity. The results of the research can be used to create small satellite for technological purposes.
Real-time prediction of the week-ahead flood index using hybrid deep learning algorithms with synoptic climate mode indices
Authors: Ahmed A. A. Masrur , Farheen Shahida , Nguyen-Huy Thong , Raj Nawin , Jui S Janifer Jabin , Farzana S. Z.
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to propose a hybrid deep learning (DL) model that combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a bi-directional long-short term memory (BiLSTM) for week-ahead prediction of daily flood index (IF) for Bangladesh. The neighbourhood component analysis (NCA) is assigned for significant feature selection with synoptic-scale climatic indicators. The results successfully reveal that the hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model outperforms the respective benchmark models based on forecasting capability, as supported by a minimal mean absolute error and high-efficiency metrics. With respect to IF prediction, the hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model shows over 98% of the prediction errors were less than 0.015, resulting in a low relative error and superiority performance against the benchmark models in this study. The adaptability and potential utility of the suggested model may be helpful in subsequent flood monitoring and may also be beneficial to policymakers at the federal and state levels.
Intermediate socioeconomic status is associated with a healthier dietary pattern compared to other socioeconomic groups: a study based on the MASHAD cohort study
Authors: Ghazizadeh Hamideh , Yaghooti-Khorasani Mahdiyeh , Asadi Zahra , Zendehdel Anahita , Nasrabadi Mohammad , Mohammadi-Bajgiran Maryam , Moazedi Sara , Ahmadi Shadi Kadkhoda , Rastegarmoghadam-Ebrahimian Arezoo , Kafshdar Mahdi Hosseini , Yadegari Mehran , Abidi Hossein , arefi Mahta Hoseini , Darban Reza Assaran , Jamali Jamshid , Ferns Gordon A. , Moghadas Elham , Esmaily Habibollah , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) can be defined by a combination of demographic factorsincludingeducationalstatus, income, and place of residence, household size and occupation. Different factors may be affected by income and occupation including access to a high-quality diet. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between SES and dietary patterns (DPs) in a sample of adults from northeastern Iranian.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants aged 35 to 65 years oldwere recruited andLatent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to cluster them based on SES.LCA is a multivariate statistical method used to identify homogeneous subgroups in a population with a chosen set of discrete indicators. All necessary information including the patient’s socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors (PAL and tobacco use) were collected according to a comprehensive questionnaire.The dietary patterns of all participants were assessed based on the validated and reliable FFQ encompassing 65 food items. Frequency (per month, per week, per day, rarely and never) and portion size of each food item were completed via face-to-face interviews by skilled nutritionists. The analysis was performed based on the principal componentsfactor analysis (PCA) method.Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the.association of social level and dietary patterns among the study population.
Results: After adjustment for confounding factors, results showed that people with high SES had a balanced DP in comparison to those with an intermediate SES; while, SES was not associated with adherenceto the western DP. (p<0.001). Participants with a low SES compared to those with an intermediate SES, had a lower odds of consuming a balanced DP (p<0.001).
There was no significant association between SES and consumption of the western DP.
Conclusion: In middle-aged Iranian adults, people with intermediate SES were more adherent to a balanced DP than individuals with either low or high SES.
Characterization of Newly Developed Asbestos and Copper-free Low Metallic Friction Material for Automotive Brake Pad Application
Authors: Sachin S P Jadhav , Sanjay S. H. Sawant , Digvijay D.G Bhosale
Published: March 2023

Non-exhaust pollution due to brake friction material emission is a major challenge in front of researchers. In operation of brake, wear debris of the metal constituents present in brake friction material composition thrown in atmosphere and form metal oxides. Some of the metal oxides pollute the environment and bad effect on human health. With this regards it is essential to develop novel friction material from less metallic percentage and more organic or natural ingredients. In the present study, the low metallic friction materials compositions are developed with 10 ingredients. The friction material specimen is made by the compression molding technique. The characterization is carried out as per ASTM standards. Among the 9 samples, sample 9 shows least wear rate (0.0005 mg/m to 0.0003 mg/m) and has coefficient of friction range 0.31 to 0.46. Samples 1, 5, and 9 represent low, medium and high percentage of boron carbide and epoxy resin respectively among the 9 samples. SEM results showed that cracks size is greater on the entire surface of samples 1 and 5 whereas in sample 9 only pits marks and wear debris are formed on the surface. In TGA analysis, at 2000C the samples 1, 5 and 9 showed an average weight loss of 9% and it progresses to 25% at 3500C. With all characterization concern, it is possible to decrease bad effect of copper and metal oxide on environment and human health by developing friction material from organic and natural ingredients.
Sensitivity Analysis of Microphysics and Cumulus Parameterization Schemes: Numerical Simulation of Cloudbursts Over Uttarakhand Using WRF Modelling System
Authors: Devan Harithasree , Panda Subrat Kumar , Mondal Unashish
Published: March 2023

Cloudbursts are powerful precipitation events that cause flash floods and landslides over a 20 km2 area. Three cloudburst events on July 16, 17, and 19 in three Uttarakhand locations are examined in this study. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to simulate three cloudburst occurrences at a timestep of 18s on a nested domain of 9 km and 3 km resolutions from 1° by 1° spatial resolution NCEP-FNL data. IMDAA and NGFS data were compared. In the three studied scenarios, all simulations forecast 100 mm rainfall and considerable vertical velocity. Maximum rainfall and vertical velocity are somewhat shifted in two situations. Based on GPM-IMERG rainfall observations, each configuration was evaluated using deterministic and categorical metrics. For each timestep's 5 cm rainfall threshold, Equitable Threat Score and False Threat Score were calculated. The analysis indicated that the third configuration had the most skill.
Sequence analysis of hot spot regions of spike and RNA‑dependent‑RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes of SARS-CoV-2 in Kerman, Iran
Authors: Arefinia Nasir , Yaghobi Ramin , Ramezani Amin , Farokhnia Mehrdad , Sarvari Jamal
Published: March 2023

Background: Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome might influence pathogenicity, transmission rate, and evasion of the host immune system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the genetic alteration in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike and putative RNA binding site of the RdRp genes of SARS-CoV-2.
Materials and Method: In this cross-sectional study, 45 confirmed COVID-19 patients using qRT-PCR were included and divided into mild, severe, and critical groups based on the severity of the disease. RNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swab samples using a commercial kit. RT-PCR was performed to amplify the target sequences of the spike and RdRp genes and sequenced them by the Sanger method. Clustal OMEGA, MEGA 11 software, I-mutant tools, and SWISS-MODEL and HDOCK web servers were used for bioinformatics analyses.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.68±2.73. The results showed that four of six mutations (L452R, T478K, N501Y, and D614G) in RBD and three of eight in the putative RNA binding site (P214L, E1084D, V1883T) were missense. In the putative RNA binding site, another deletion was discovered. Among missense mutations, N501Y and V1883T were responsible for increasing structural stability, and the others were responsible for decreasing it. The various homology models designed showed that these homologies were like the Wuhan model. The molecular docking analysis revealed that the T478K mutation in RBD had the highest binding affinity. In addition, 35 RBD samples (89.7%) and 33 putative RNA binding site samples (84.6%) were similar to the Delta variant.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that double mutations (T478K and N501Y) in the S protein might increase the binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to human ACE2 compared to the wild type (WT) strain. Moreover, variations in the spike and RdRp genes might influence the stability of encoded proteins.
High resolution full-field optical coherence tomography microscope for the evaluation of freshly excised skin specimens during Mohs surgery: A feasibility study
Authors: Jain Manu , Chang Shu-Wen , Singh Kiran , Kurtansky Nicholas R. , Huang Sheng-Lung , Chen Homer H. , Chen Chih-Shan Jason
Published: March 2023

Histopathology for tumor margin assessment is time-consuming and expensive. High-resolution full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) images fresh tissues rapidly at cellular resolution and potentially facilitates evaluation. Here, we define FF-OCT features of normal and neoplastic skin lesions in fresh ex vivo tissues and assess its diagnostic accuracy for malignancies. For this, normal and neoplastic tissues were obtained from Mohs surgery, imaged using FF-OCT, and their features were described. Two expert OCT readers conducted a blinded analysis to evaluate their diagnostic accuracies, using histopathology as the ground truth. A convolutional neural network was built to distinguish and outline normal structures and tumors. Of the 113 tissues imaged, 95 (84%) had a tumor (75 BCCs and 17 SCCs). The average reader diagnostic accuracy was 88.1%, with, a sensitivity of 93.7%, and a specificity of 58.3%. The AI model achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 87.6%±5.9%, sensitivity of 93.2%±2.1%, and specificity of 81.2%±9.2%. A mean intersection-over-union of 60.3%±10.1% was achieved when delineating the nodular BCC from normal structures. Limitation of the study was the small sample size for all tumors, especially SCCs. However, based on our preliminary results, we envision FF-OCT to rapidly image fresh tissues, facilitating surgical margin assessment. AI algorithms can aid in automated tumor detection, enabling widespread adoption of this technique.
Robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy in a pediatric population
Authors: Reinhardt Susanne , Thorup Jorgen , Joergensen Peter Hjorth , Fode Mikkel
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To present our experience with robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy in a pediatric population.
Methods: We reviewed 49 consecutive cases performed by the same experienced surgeon. One to four veins were ligated at the internal ring of the inguinal canal, while the testicular artery and lymphatics were spared. Information on patient characteristics, surgical time, complications, and recurrences were collected.
Results: Median patient age was 14 (range 10 – 17) years. Forty-eight had left sided varicoceles and one had a bilateral varicocele. Forty-five were grade 3. All patients were referred due to discomfort/pain and 20 also had reduced testicular size. The median operating time from skin incision was 48 minutes (31 – 89 minutes) and the median console time was 18 minutes (7 – 55 minutes). Forty-seven patients were discharged the same day. Two patients experienced pain and problems urinating respectively. These issues had resolved by the first postoperative day. There were no other complications, but at 6 month, eight recurrences were noted (16%). Scrotal complaints had subsided in all patients. Catch-up growth of the affected testicles was seen in 19/20 cases.
Conclusion: Robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy is feasible and safe in a pediatric population but with a relatively high recurrence rate.
Increased of Fascin1 and Pak1 expression enhances age-associated B cell actin cytoskeleton remodeling
Authors: Fujiwara Mitsuhiro , Kondo Ryohei , Sugiyama Yuma , Maruyama Mitsuo , Nishikimi Akihiko
Published: March 2023

Background: An atypical B cell subset of age-associated B cells (ABCs) accumulate with age in mice and humans. ABCs acquire the ability to secrete antibodies and inflammatory cytokines in response to TLR7 and TLR9, and present antigens to T cells more efficiently than follicular (FO) B cells, which promotes the development of pathogenic phenotypes in aged individuals.
Results:In this study, we demonstrated that actin cytoskeleton remodeling is enhanced in ABCs compared to FO B cells. ABCs showed higher motility across Transwell membranes and 3-dimensional (3D) collagen gels, without chemoattractants. Due to chemokine receptor expression remodeling, ABCs were attracted by CXCL12 and CCL21 rather than CXCL13. Among F-actin remodeling-related factors, expression levels of Fascin1 and Pak1 were increased in ABCs. In the presence of a Pak1 inhibitor, IPA3, migration of ABCs in both Transwell chambers and 3D-collagen gels was significantly attenuated. In contrast, a Fascin1 inhibitor, migrastatin, only reduced ABC migration in the 3D collagen gel. The ability to present antigens to T cells was also enhanced in ABCs, in which the Fascin1 mediated pathway is implicated.
Conclusion: Increased expression of Fascin1 and Pak1 enhances actin cytoskeleton remodeling in ABCs, promoting motility and antigen presentation. With these phenotypes, ABCs efficiently uptake and present antigens to T cells, and disperse easily within secondary lymphoid tissues.
Targeting and sensitizing MDR cancer by an MMP2 and pH dual- responsive ZnO-based nanomedicine
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhang Li , Li Yujiao , Wang Jiao , He Xiaolu , Zhang Jieyu , Qiao Youbei , Wu Hong , Zhu Lin
Published: March 2023

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been known as a therapeutic agent and drug delivery system for treating various diseases, including infectious diseases and cancer. However, due to the low biocompatibility, short in vivo half-life, and potential toxicity, the previous studies on ZnO NPs were mainly focused on their in vitro applications. The effective and safe ZnO NP systems which can be used for in vivo drug delivery have been rarely reported. In this study, we developed a novel dual-responsive hybrid ZnO NP (ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE) consisted of the ZnO NPs, phospholipid (DPPG), and enzyme-sensitive amphiphilic polymer (PEG-pp-PE), which could respond to both tumoral matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and intracellular acidic pH, for tumor-targeted drug delivery and multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer treatment. The dual-responsive ZnO NPs (ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE) could easily load the model drug, doxorubicin (DOX) and showed excellent physicochemical properties, stability, and MMP2 and pH dual sensitivity. The ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE/DOX showed the MMP2-dependent cellular uptake, enhanced cell penetration, and improved anticancer activity in the MDR cancer cells and their spheroids. In the MDR tumor-bearing mice, the ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE/DOX improved the biocompatibility, tumor targetability, and anticancer activity of DOX and ZnO without significant toxicity compared to the free DOX, ZnO/DOX, and nonsensitive ZnO NPs. The data suggested that the dual-sensitive ZnO-based nanomedicine could be a promising delivery system for targeted drug delivery and therapy against the MDR cancer.
Structural evidence of the conversion of nitric oxide (NO) to nitrite ion (NO2‾) by lactoperoxidase (LPO): Structure of the complex of LPO with NO2‾ at 1.89Å resolution
Authors: Viswanathan V , Ahmad Md. Irshad , Singh Prashant K. , Ahmad Nayeem , Sharma Pradeep , Lodha Rakesh , Sharma Sujata , Singh Tej P.
Published: March 2023

Lactoperoxidase (LPO, E.C. 1.11.1.7) is a heme containing enzyme of the innate immune system which uses hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to catalyze the conversion of substrates into antimicrobial products. It is found in the body extracellular fluids including plasma, saliva, airway epithelial lining fluids, nasal lining fluid, milk, tears and gastric juices. Previously, we had shown structurally that LPO converted substrates, thiocyanate (SCN‾) and iodide (I‾) ions into oxidized products hypothiocyanite (OSCN‾) and hypoiodite (IO‾) ions respectively. We report here a new structure of the complex of LPO with NO2‾ showing that LPO converts nitric oxide (NO) into an oxidized product nitrite (NO2‾) ion. NO2‾ was produced using the two step reaction of LPO by adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the first step and then introducing the NO gas in 0.1M phosphate buffer at pH 6.8. The resulting mixture was crystallized using 20% (w/v) PEG-3350 and 0.2M ammonium iodide at pH 6.8. The structure determination showed the presence of NO2‾ ion in the distal heme cavity of the substrate binding channel. The structure further revealed that the propionate group attached to pyrrole ring C of the heme moiety was split into two positions. Similarly, the side chain of the covalently linked Asp108 was also split into two components. As a result of these changes, the conformation of the side chain of Arg255 also changed to gain interactions with the disordered carboxylic group of propionate moiety. The observed structural changes indicate the presence of an intermediate in the reaction pathway.
Molecular mechanism of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer against renal fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis
Authors: Feng Ya-long , Cai Hui-min , Zhao Hui , Zhang Xin-yu , Wang Lu-qing , Cai Lu-lu , Wang Wenlei , Shan You-ling , Wang Wen-bo
Published: March 2023

Renal fibrosis (RF) cause a high morbidity and mortality, while the therapeutic drugs are needed. Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (PG) was used to treat RF for a long history in China. However, the bioactive components and their corresponding mechanisms are still unclear, which limit the further use of PG. In this study, the potential active components of PG and their corresponding mechanisms against RF were investigated. The triterpene components of PG were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, and the potential targets of these compounds were predicted with Swiss Target Prediction and Super-PRED tools. The targets related to RF were retrieved through the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The overlapping targets of RF and PG were obtained by Venn diagram. Then, a protein-protein interaction network were constructed by the overlapping targets through the STRING platform and Cytoscape software. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis of the overlapping targets were performed with Metascape database. An active component-core targets-pathways-RF network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.6.1 software. Finally, molecular docking analysis was performed between the active components and core targets by Autodock vina or Ledock software. A total of 49 triterpene components of PG were screened, and 433 targets were identified to be closely related to RF. The five core targets of PG against RF were identified as STAT3, MAPK3, MAPK1, HSP90AA1 and AKT1. The GO analysis revealed that the significant biological processes including protein phosphorylation and responding to hormone, peptide and nitrogen compound. The KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that the signaling pathways of PI3K-AKT, calcium, HIF-1, cAMP, MAPK play a key role in the therapeutic effect of PG on RF. In addition, the five compounds were suggested as the key ingredients of PG against RF, including panaxatriol, ginsenoside Rh4, pseudoginsenoside R11, panaxadioland 20-(R)-protopanaxatriol. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the five active components could bind to the active sites of the core targets. The triterpenes of PG may act on STAT3, MAPK3, MAPK1, HSP90AA1 and AKT1 against RF, which will provide a new insight for illustrating the pharmacological basis and mechanism of PG against RF.
Return to Work in Policing: A qualitative study
Authors: Eerd Dwayne Van , Pouésard Morgane Le , Yanar Basak , Irvin Emma , Gignac Monique , Jetha Arif , Morose Tanya , Tompa Emile
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Police work includes being exposed to challenging and traumatic situations that can result in physical and/or psychological injuries requiring time off work. Safe return to work (RTW) is critical, yet little is known about current RTW practices in police services. This study examines RTW practices and experiences from the perspective of workplace RTW personnel and workers (sworn and civilian) in police services with physical and/or psychological health conditions.
Methods
A purposive sampling approach was used to recruit sworn and civilian members in several Canadian police services with a variety of roles who had experienced RTW either as a worker with a work-related injury/illness or those who supported RTW in the service. Interviews were conducted and transcribed for analyses. Qualitative research methods were used to identify themes in the data.
Results
Five overarching themes emerged. Two themes pointed to the context and culture of police services and included discussions related to RTW processes, injury/illness complexity, the hierarchical nature of the police culture, and a culture of stoicism and stigma. The remaining three themes were about RTW processes of accommodation, communication, and trust-building. Within these themes, recovery from injury/illness, meaningful accommodation, timely clear communication, malingering, and trust were described.
Conclusions
Our findings point to potential improvements to RTW practices in police services related to flexibility, clarity, confidentiality, and reducing stigma. Future research on RTW practices for psychological injuries is required to help inform policy and practice.
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome But Not ADHD Symptoms Predict Child Body Mass Index: Examination in a Sample of Clinically Referred Youth
Authors: Roberts Delanie K. , Sarver Dustin E. , Elder Domynic D.
Published: March 2023

Given the substantial increase in pediatric obesity rates in recent decades, its long-term stability, and its pervasive negative outcomes, continuous efforts to identify factors that may place children at increased risk for overweight or obesity (OW/OB) are essential. As such, the primary aim of the present investigation was to examine the extent to which symptoms of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS; i.e., Sluggish Cognitive Tempo) predict child body mass index (BMI) independent of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study is the first to examine whether CDS subdomains of slowed thinking, hypoarousal, and daydreamy predict BMI. Analyses included data from 72 clinically-referred children (46 males, 26 females) aged 4 to 12 years old (M = 8.41, SD = 2.48). CDS and ADHD were assessed using standardized parent-report rating scales, and children’s BMI was collected at the time of encounter. Bayesian hierarchical regression models revealed no evidence that overall CDS symptoms or ADHD symptoms (overall and subdomain) predicted child BMI. However, models did provide moderate evidence that hypoarousal and daydream subdomains jointly predicted BMI independent of ADHD (BF10 = 19.28–21.87). The present study suggests that CDS is a risk factor of obesity in young children and future research is needed to inform clinical interventions and to provide further understanding of the relatively nuanced association between CDS symptoms and obesity.
Overexpression of SEZ6L2 Is associated with unfavourable prognosis and Immune infiltrates in breast cancer
Authors: Ding Liangfu , Zeng Jilin , Zhao Junyong
Published: March 2023

Background
Breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) is the most usual global malignancya and the leading cause of high proportion deaths. SEZ6L2 was revealed to be expressed in different cancers varies. Nevertheless, the prognostic values of SEZ6L2 and association with immune infiltrates in BRCA are still unclear.
Methods
In our study, the transcriptional expression profiles of SEZ6L2 and clinical information of BRCA patients were gained from TCGA platform and HPA databases. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the influence of SEZ6L2 on overall survival(OS) and Progress Free Interval(PFI) in BRCA patients. The biological functions and potential mechanism of SEZ6L2 were investigated by functional enrichment analyses and network analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPI). In the end, tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB) were chosen to investigate the relevance of SEZ6L2 to tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
Results
The expression of SEZ6L2 was significantly up-regulated in BRCA tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression SEZ6L2 is associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis identified SEZ6L2 as an independent poor prognostic factor in BRCA. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that enriched pathways included multiple pathways included the complement activation, humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin, protein activation cascade, immunoglobulin complex and immunoglobulin. In addition, the SEZ6L2 expression was closely correlated to the infiltration levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs), included CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, B cell, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Furthermore, we revealed a potential relationship between SEZ6L2 expression and the diverse marker genes of TIICs.
Conclusion
Increased SEZ6L2 mRNA expression is significantly correlated with negative prognosis and immune infiltrates in breast invasive carcinoma. SEZ6L2 maybe a novel prognostic biomarker and potential immune therapy target in BRCA.
Latent Autism Spectrum Disorder Identification in Females by Eating Disorder Professionals
Authors: Parsons Marissa
Published: March 2023

Importance: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and eating disorders (ED) cooccur at high rates, with ASD impacting the efficacy of ED treatments and outcomes. Females are underdiagnosed with ASD and diagnosed later in life than their male counterparts.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to define the incidence of eating disorder professionals identifying ASD in female adolescents and young adults engaged in treatment for an ED.
Design: The research design is a cross-sectional retrospective records review. The charts reviewed were from the medical records of forty assigned-at-birth females between the ages of 13-25 who received treatment for an ED at the partial hospitalization program (PHP) level of care between 2020 and 2022.
Main Outcomes: Upon entering PHP for an ED, 10% of the study participants had a pre-existing diagnosis of ASD. A total of 27.5% of participants had clinical suspicion of ASD. The number of autism traits that an individual possessed directly correlated with the number of calendar days in treatment.
Conclusion: ED professionals in this study identified ASD in 17.5% of adolescent and young adult females who entered PHP treatment for an ED who had not previously been diagnosed with ASD. ED professionals can anticipate that individuals with ASD may be in treatment for a longer duration. Further studies should explore effective treatment measures for those with ASD in treatment for an ED.
Hayling and Stroop Tests Tap Dissociable Deficits and Network-Level Neural Correlates
Authors: Moore Margaret Jane , Byrne Jessica , Gibson Emily C. , Ford Lucy , Robinson Gail A.
Published: March 2023

Although many executive function screens have been developed, it is not yet clear whether these assessments are equally effective in detecting post-stroke deficits of initiation and inhibition. This study presents a comparative analysis of the Stroop and Hayling Tests aiming to evaluate whether these tests measure the same underlying cognitive functions and to identify the neural correlates of the deficits detected by both tasks. 66 stroke survivors and 70 healthy ageing controls completed the Hayling and Stroop Tests. Stroke patients were found to exhibit qualitative performance differences across analogous Stroop and Hayling Test metrics intended to tap initiation and inhibition. The Stroop Test was found to have high specificity to abnormal performance, but low sensitivity relative to the Hayling Test. Minimal overlap was present between the network-level correlates of analogous Stroop and Hayling Test metrics. Hayling Task strategy use metrics were significantly associated with distinct patterns of disconnection in stroke survivors, providing novel insight into the neural correlates of fine-grained behavioural patterns. Overall, these findings strongly suggest that the functions tapped by the Stroop and Hayling Test are both behaviourally and anatomically dissociable. The Hayling Test was found to offer improved sensitivity and detail relative to the Stroop Test. This novel demonstration of the Hayling Test within the stroke population suggests that this task represents an effective measure for quantifying post-stroke initiation and inhibition deficits.
Intelligent Novel Approach for Identification of Alcohol Consumers using Incremental Hidden Layer Neurons ANN (IHLN-ANN)-Based Model on Vowelized Voice Dataset
Authors: Terlapu Panduranga Vital
Published: March 2023

Alcohol consumption can have impacts on the voice, and excessive consumption can lead to long-term damage to the vocal cords. A new procedure to automatically detect alcohol drinkers using vowel vocalizations is an earlier and lower-cost method than other alcohol drinker-detecting models and equipment. The hidden parameters of vowel sounds (such as frequency, jitter, shimmer, harmonic ratio, etc.) are significant for recognizing individuals who drink or do not drink. In this research, we analyze 509 multiple vocalizations of the vowels (/a, /e, /i, /o, and /u) from 290 multiple records of 46 drinkers and 219 multiple records of 38 non-drinkers. The age group is 22 to 34 years. Apply the 10-fold cross-validation vowelized dataset on intelligent machine learning models and incremental hidden layer neurons of artificial neural networks (IHLN-ANNs) with backpropagation. The findings showed that experimental ML models such as Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), k-NN, SVM, and C4.5 (Tree) performed well. The RF model performed best, with 95.3% accuracy. We also applied the incremental hidden layer (HL) neurons BP-ANNs model (from 2 to 5). In this analysis, accuracy increased proportionally with the incremental neurons (2–5) in the HL of the ANN. At the moment of 5 neurons HL ANN, the model performed with a highly accurate 99.4% without an over-fit problem. It will implement smartphone apps for caution and alerts for alcohol consumers to avoid accidents. Voice analysis has been explored as a non-invasive and cost-effective means of identifying alcohol consumers.
Novel microencapsulated soil conditioner: improving utilization efficiency of core materials and yield of cabbages
Authors: Wentong Lu , Caiyan Wang , Jincheng Wang , Zuo Wang , Jibo Sun
Published: March 2023

Microencapsulated soil conditioner (MSC) with water-soluble core and natural polymer shell can be used to solve the problems of soil about over-fertilization and low efficiency. Fulvic acid (FA) is a kind of purified humic acid, which possesses the characteristics of water-solubility, fertilizer maintenance and expedient monitoring. The MSC containing FA was prepared by double emulsion and ion crosslinking methods. Structure analysis revealed that the MSC owned a particle size between 1.58 and 2.14 mm with a similar round shape. Sustained release and biodegradation tests exhibited that MSC can effectively improve the fertilizer-retaining and water-retaining capacities. In addition, a massive amount of these microcapsules were prepared using sharp-hole coagulation bath method. As a type of neutral fertilizer, urea is useful to plant, easy to preserve and use, and has little damage to soil. The two materials, FA and urea, were typical and useful as core materials of MSC for actual applications. The planting experiment of cabbages was carried out using these microcapsules. The growth status of cabbages, physiological activities, nitrogen balance index (NBI) value and photosynthesis rate were investigated. Results demonstrated that the MSC owned the ability of improving the yield of cabbages, and it was a very promising sustained-release fertilizer.
Photocatalytic degradation mechanism of pharmaceutical agent salbutamol using Mn-doped TiO 2 nanoparticle under visible light irradiation
Authors: Mingmongkol Yumatorn , Polnok Assadang , Phuinthiang Patcharaporn , Channei Duangdao , Ratananikom Khakhanang , Nakaruk Auppatham , Khanitchaidecha Wilawan
Published: March 2023

In this present work, the photocatalytic degradation of salbutamol [2-(tert-butylamino)-1-(4-hydroxyl-3-hydroxymethylphenyl)ethanol] under visible irradiation using Mn-doped TiO2. The Mn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method with the ratio of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%. The significant characteristics including rutile/anatase phase ratio, specific surface area and band gap energy was due to the amount of Mn doping; the narrowest band gap energy of 2.80 eV was observed in the 0.2% Mn-doped TiO2 with the specific surface area of 89.36 m2/g and 10.87/ 89.13 of rutile/anatase phase. The investigation involved salbutamol photocatalytic degradation, kinetic study and identification of intermediate compounds. The results indicated that the 0.2% Mn-doped TiO2 obtained the best salbutamol removal of 95% under irradiation time of 180 min. The salbutamol was slowly degraded to the intermediate compounds in the first 60 min (k = 0.0088 1/min) and they was dramatically mineralized to small hydrocarbon fragments and carbon dioxide in the later irradiation times (k = 0.0179 1/min). According to the HPLC-MS results, the possible degradation pathways of salbutamol were proposed; 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(tert-butylamino)-ethanol and 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-(4-hydroxyl-3-hydroxymethylphenyl)ethanone were initially formed and then transformed to 2-(methylamino)-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(tert-butylamino)-acetic acid, hydroqunone and 1-(4-hydroxylphenyl)ethanol. The mineralization of all intermediate compounds was verified by 90% of COD reduction and the effluent contained relatively low COD concentration of 7.8 mg/L.
Lower dietary magnesium is associated with a higher hemoglobin glycation index in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Chen Juan , Lin Song , Wang Xingzhou , Wang Xiwei , Gao Pengxia
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
The data for the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) on hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) is limited. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary Mg and HGI in the general population.
Methods and Results
Our research used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2002. The dietary intake of Mg was assessed by two 24-h dietary recalls. The predicted HbA1c was calculated based on fasting plasma glucose. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the relationship between dietary Mg intake and HGI. We found a significant inverse association between dietary Mg intake and HGI (β = -0.00016, 95%CI: -0.0003, -0.00003, P = 0.019). Dose-response analyses revealed that HGI decreased with increasing intakes of Mg when reached the point above 412 mg/d. There was a linear dose-response relationship between dietary Mg intake and HGI in diabetic subjects, and there was an L-shape dose-response relationship in non-diabetic individuals.
Conclusion
Increasing the intake of Mg might help lower the risk associated with high HGI. Further prospective studies are requested before dietary recommendations.
Measurement of δ18O in water vapor using a tunable diode laser based spectrometer
Authors: Zhang Jian , Du Junya , Jiang Cong , He Tianbo , Li Jingsong
Published: March 2023

A system based on the tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) was described, ensuring the real-time, continuity, high-precision, and rapid time response measurement of the isotope ratio of 18O/16O in water vapor from 3729.8 cm− 1 to 3730.8 cm− 1. A detailed description of the system's implementation was provided and the precision and accuracy of the measurement system were analyzed after verification in the laboratory environment. The absorbance achieved a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with a 20.4 cm optical path and was compared to HITRAN simulations. Allan variance was used to evaluate the reliability of the system and the results showed that the precision of the 18O/16O ratio was 5.274‰ at 1 s and improved to 0.088‰ at 191 s. The system provides the potential for applications in environmental, geological, ecological, and energy fields, and additional information for comparison and standard development in determining oxygen isotope composition in water vapor via laser spectrometry.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Jugulo-omohyoid Lymph Nodes Metastasis incorporating Its Nanogram to Predict Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Cai Huizhu , Zhuge Lingdun , Huang Zehao , Wang Shixu , Shi Ping , Yan Dangui , Niu Lijuan , Li Zhengjiang
Published: March 2023

Background
Jugulo-omohyoid lymph nodes (JOHLN) metastasis has proven to be associated with lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM). This study aimed to reveal the clinical features and evaluate the predictive value of JOHLN in PTC to guide the extent of surgery. This is the first study of the nanogram to predict LLNM using JOHLN.
Methods
A total of 550 patients pathologically diagnosed with PTC between October 2015 and January 2020, all of whom underwent thyroidectomy and lateral lymph node dissection, were included in this study.
Results
Thyroiditis, tumor location, tumor size, extra-thyroidal extension, extra-nodal extension, central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and LLMM were associated with JOHLN. And male, upper lobe tumor, multifocality, extra-nodal extension, CLNM and JOHLN metastasis were independent risk factors from LLNM. A nomogram based on upon predictors performed well. Nerve invasion contributed the most to the prediction model, followed by JOHLN metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.855, and the p-value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was 0.18. Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram was clinically helpful.
Conclusions
JOLHN metastasis could be a clinically sensitive predictor of further LLM, especially the lateral compartment. A high-performance nomogram was established, which can provide an individual risk assessment of LNM and guide treatment decisions for patients.
Trial registration:
This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (reference number: NCC2016ST-23).
In silico molecular docking analysis of Equisetum diffusum D. Don phytocompounds against potent inflammatory markers and validating its role through in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory assays.
Authors: Sarkar Sourav , Modak Debabrata , Haydar Md. Salman , Georrge John J. , Bhattacharjee Soumen
Published: March 2023

Equisetum diffusum D. Don (Fam. Equisetaceae), commonly known as ‘Himalayan horsetail’, is an important medicinal pteridophyte species having various ethnobotanical properties; and traditionally been used in the treatment of back pain, bone fracture, bone dislocation, and arthritis by various tribal communities of India. Although the pharmacological uses are known, no study related to its ethnobotanical validation in experimental animal models has been reported till date. The goal of the present study was to validate the anti-inflammatory properties of the whole plant methanolic-extract (EDME) using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo strategies. The GC-MS analysis of EDME detected the presence of 47 phyto-compounds, out of which Stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one and 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl showed good inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and IL-6 respectively compared to standard NSAIDs, in docking analysis. In vitro anti-inflammatory studies indicated that EDME inhibits 48.2 ± 3.74% of protein denaturation at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml compared to standard diclofenac sodium (57.6 ± 3.70% at 100 µg/ml concentration). The similar concentration (1000 µg/ml) of extract inhibits heat-induced (33.6 ± 2.55%) and hypotonicity-induced (58.1 ± 3.39%) erythrocyte membrane lyses respectively, compared to indomethacin standard (45.6 ± 2.36% and 67.2 ± 1.45% respectively at 200 µg/ml concentration). The in vivo anti-inflammatory study of EDME showed 52.26% and 73.36% reduction in paw-edema in both low and high dose protective groups respectively, when compared to the carrageenan control-group. Our findings established the anti-inflammatory roles of the whole plant methanolic extract of Equisetum diffusum on strong ground which may encourage drug-development for the treatment of inflammation-related complications.
Clinical and Imaging Findings for the Evaluation of Large Rathke’s Cleft Cysts and Cystic Craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Yang Chung-Han , Wu Chia-Hung , Lin Te-Ming , Chen Shu-Ting , Tai Wei-An , Yu Kai-Wei , Luo Chao-Bao , Lirng Jiing-Feng , Chang Feng-Chi
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Large Rathke’s cleft cysts (LRCCs) and cystic craniopharyngiomas (CCPs) arise from the same embryological origin and may have similar MR presentations. However, the two tumors have different management strategies and outcomes. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of LRCCs and CCPs, aiming to evaluate their pretreatment diagnosis and outcomes.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 20 patients with LRCCs and 25 patients with CCPs. Both tumors had a maximal diameter of more than 20 mm. We evaluated the patients’ clinical and MR imaging findings, including symptoms, management strategies, outcomes, anatomic growth patterns and signal changes.

Results

The age of onset for LRCCs versus CCPs was 49.0 ± 16.8 versus 34.2 ± 22.2 years (p = .022); the following outcomes were observed for LRCCs versus CCPs: 1) postoperative diabetes insipidus: 6/20 (30%) versus 17/25 (68%) (p = .006); and 2) posttreatment recurrence: 2/20 (10%) versus 10/25 (40%) (p = .025). The following MR findings were observed for LRCCs versus CCPs: 1) solid component: 7/20 (35%) versus 21/25 (84%) (p = .001); 2) thick cyst wall: 2/20 (10%) versus 12/25 (48%) (p = .009); 3) intracystic septation: 1/20 (5%) versus 8/25 (32%) (p = .030); 4) snowman shape: 18/20 (90%) versus 1/25 (4%) (p < .001); 5) off-midline extension: 0/0 (0%) versus 10/25 (40%) (p = .001); and 6) oblique angle of the sagittal long axis of the tumor: 89.9° versus 107.1° (p = .001).

Conclusions

LRCCs can be differentiated from CCPs based on their clinical and imaging findings, especially their specific anatomical growth patterns. We suggest using the pretreatment diagnosis to select the appropriate surgical approach and thus improve the clinical outcome.