bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Value of Big Data Analytics Pillars in Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Keshavarz Hassan , Mahdzir Akbariah Mohd , Talebian Hosna , Jalaliyoon Neda , Ohshima Naoki
Published: June 2021

In the Big Data age, businesses in every industry must deal with vast volumes of data. Several experts and practitioners have lately emphasized the need of understanding how, why, and when Big Data Analytics (BDA) applications may be a valuable resource for businesses seeking a competitive edge. However, BDA pays off for some firms while failing to pay off for others due to the fact that investment in Big Data continues to present significant challenges due to the missing link between analytics capabilities and firm performance. According to a recent survey, many businesses spend the bulk of their time analyzing data, with only a tiny fraction employing Big Data Analytics to forecast outcomes and even fewer utilizing analytics apps to enhance processes and strategies. As a result, BDA is not widely used, and only a few companies have seen any benefit from it. To address this issue in the telecommunications domain and in light of the paucity of research on the subject, this study focused on the BDA Pillars (BDAP) in order to achieve benefits through increased revenues and cost savings. For the purpose of this research we have adopted qualitative approach with case study method, and technique of data collection includes semi-structure interview and document analysis. The Delphi technique and in-depth interviews conducted confirmed the existence of five critical elements that contribute to the sustainability of BDAPs and their impact on firm performance.
The Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Smart and Sustainable Cities
Authors: do Livramento Gonçalves Gabrielli , Leal Filho Walter , da Silva Neiva Samara , Borchardt Deggau André , de Oliveira Veras Manoela , Ceci Flávio , Andrade de Lima Maurício , Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra José Baltazar
Published: June 2021

This article aims to analyze the impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the implementation of smart sustainable cities. For this purpose, a data mining process was conducted to analyze the terms that had a higher incidence in the literature in order to classify them by relevance and identify their interdependencies in the concepts of sustainable cities and smart cities. As a result, we highlight that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have implications on several factors that are deeply connected to the success of cities in becoming sustainable: job creation, industries, innovation, environmental preservation, community involvement, and accessibility. In this context, policymakers will have opportunities and challenges that must be faced. Big data, the IoT, augmented reality, and simulations can have positive and negative externalities. Positive externalities include new information that could be mined, analyzed, and used for identifying previously unseen problems, the provision of new industrial innovations that can make economies thrive, helping promote inclusion for disabled people, as well as helping society to foresee problems and hence adapt to them in a timely manner.
A Special Multigrid Strategy on Non-Uniform Grids for Solving 3D Convection–Diffusion Problems with Boundary/Interior Layers
Authors: Ma Tianlong , Zhang Lin , Cao Fujun , Ge Yongbin
Published: June 2021

Boundary or interior layer problems of high-dimensional convection–diffusion equations have distinct asymmetry. Consequently, computational grid distributions and linear algebraic systems arising from finite difference schemes for them are also asymmetric. Numerical solutions for these kinds of problems are more complicated than those symmetric problems. In this paper, we extended our previous work on the partial semi-coarsening multigrid method combined with the high-order compact (HOC) difference scheme for solving the two-dimensional (2D) convection–diffusion problems on non-uniform grids to the three-dimensional (3D) cases. The main merit of the present method is that the multigrid method on non-uniform grids can be performed with a different number of grids in different coordinate axes, which is more efficient than the multigrid method on non-uniform grids with the same number of grids in different coordinate axes. Numerical experiments are carried out to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the present method. It is shown that, without losing the high precision, the present method is very effective to reduce computing cost by cutting down the number of grids in the direction(s) which does/do not contain boundary or interior layer(s).
Genetic Algorithms with Variant Particle Swarm Optimization Based Mutation for Generic Controller Placement in Software-Defined Networks
Authors: Liao Lingxia , Leung Victor C. M. , Li Zhi , Chao Han-Chieh
Published: June 2021

To enable learning-based network management and optimization, the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology and Internet of Things systems usually involve software-defined networking (SDN) architecture and multiple SDN controllers to efficiently collect the big volume of runtime statistics, define network-wide policies, and enforce the policies over the whole network. To better plan the placement of controllers over SDN systems, this article proposes a generic controller placement problem (GCP) that considers the organization and placement of controllers as well as the switch attachment to optimize the delay between controllers and switches, the delay among controllers, and the load imbalance among controllers. To solve this problem without losing generality, a novel multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) with a mutation based on a variant Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed. This PSO chooses a global best position for a particle according to a pre-computed global best position set to lead the mutation of the particle. It successfully handles multiple conflicting objectives, fits the scenario of mutation, and can apply in many other flavors of MOGAs. Evaluations over 12 real Internet service provider networks show the effectiveness of our MOGA in reducing convergence time and improving the diversity and accuracy of the Pareto frontiers. The proposed approaches in formulating and solving the GCP in this article are general and can be applied in many other optimization problems with minor modifications.
Numerical Simulation of Stress Arching Effect in Horizontally Layered Jointed Rock Mass
Authors: Huang Xiao , Ruan Huaining , Shi Chong , Kong Yang
Published: June 2021

Stress arching effect during the excavation of broken surrounding rock in underground engineering has an important influence on the stability of surrounding rock after underground excavation. To determine the stress arching effect in horizontally layered jointed rock mass, the stress arching characteristics of surrounding rock mass after excavation is analyzed in this study by using a series of numerical tests. The formation mechanism of stress arch is revealed through a comparison of the stress characteristics of a voussoir beam structure and theoretical analysis of multi-block mechanical relationship of jointed rock mass. The method for determining the boundaries of a stress arching zone is proposed, and the influence of various factors on a stress arch is further discussed. Results show that after the excavation of horizontally layered jointed rock mass, the stress arch bunch (SAB) is formed in the lower strata above the cavern, and the global stress arch (GSA) is formed in the higher strata, both of which are symmetrical arch stress patterns. The SAB is the mechanical manifestation of the voussoir beam structure formed by several low-level sandstone layers, and the GSA is caused by the uneven displacement between blocks. Compared with the GSA, the SAB is more sensitive to various influencing factors. The extent of stress arching zone decreases with the increase of an internal friction angle of the joint, lateral pressure coefficient, and overburden depth. In addition, the joint spacing of rock strata is conducive to the development of a stress arch. Results can provide technical support for deformation control and the stability analysis of broken surrounding rock in underground engineering.
Comparison of the Potential Ecological and Human Health Risks of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge and Livestock Manure for Agricultural Use
Authors: Duan Baoling , Feng Qiang
Published: June 2021

Sewage sludge and livestock (chicken, swine and cattle) manure samples were collected from the Yanmenguan Cattle Herbivorous Livestock Area to compare the potential ecological and human health risks caused by heavy metals contained in them. In this study, the Class II level of Quality Control of Imported Organic Fertilizers is selected as the limit standard value of heavy metals. Based on the mean content values, no heavy metal in cattle manure was higher than the limit standard value; the content of Cu in swine manure was higher than the limit of Cu; the content of Zn in sewage sludge, chicken manure and swine manure were all higher than the limit of Zn; and the content of Cr in sewage sludge and chicken manure were all higher than the limit of Cr. Results indicated that sewage sludge and livestock manure all had high contents of Zn, Cu and Cr. The mean pollution index (PI) suggested that Cu, Zn, As and Cr in sewage sludge and livestock manures all induced potential ecological risks. According to the mean Nemerow’s synthetic pollution index (PN) values, swine manure had the highest potential ecological risk for agricultural use. Daily exposure to Cu, Zn and Cr was higher than other heavy metals from sewage sludge and livestock manures, and heavy metal exposure was always higher for children than adults, with ingestion as the main pathway. Non-carcinogenic risk was caused mainly by Cu and Cr, based on the higher hazard quotient (HQ) values for adults and children. There was no non-carcinogenic risk for all people, except exposure of Cu from swine manure for children, which was 1.76 times higher than the threshold value of 1. According to the mean hazard index (HI) values, only swine manure had a non-carcinogenic risk for children. As the carcinogenic risk index (Risk) values were continuously greater for As than Cd, As had a higher carcinogenic risk than Cd. There was no carcinogenic risk for any single heavy metal, although As exposure from sewage sludge was found to have an inapparent carcinogenic risk for both adults and children. Regarding the RISK value, sewage sludge had an unacceptable carcinogenic risk for adults and children, and swine manure had an unacceptable risk for children only. In general, for both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, ingestion was the main pathway, and children were more sensitive than adults. Comparing the four kinds of organic waste, cattle manure was the safest for agricultural use in terms of ecological and human health risks. In multiple comparisons, swine manure was significantly different regarding potential ecological risk and non-carcinogenic risk, and sewage sludge was significantly different regarding carcinogenic risk.
Simulating Groups and the IntraGroup Medium: The Surprisingly Complex and Rich Middle Ground between Clusters and Galaxies
Authors: Oppenheimer Benjamin D. , Babul Arif , Bahé Yannick , Butsky Iryna S. , McCarthy Ian G.
Published: June 2021

Galaxy groups are more than an intermediate scale between clusters and halos hosting individual galaxies, they are crucial laboratories capable of testing a range of astrophysics from how galaxies form and evolve to large scale structure (LSS) statistics for cosmology. Cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of groups on various scales offer an unparalleled testing ground for astrophysical theories. Widely used cosmological simulations with ∼(100 Mpc)3 volumes contain statistical samples of groups that provide important tests of galaxy evolution influenced by environmental processes. Larger volumes capable of reproducing LSS while following the redistribution of baryons by cooling and feedback are the essential tools necessary to constrain cosmological parameters. Higher resolution simulations can currently model satellite interactions, the processing of cool (T≈104−5 K) multi-phase gas, and non-thermal physics including turbulence, magnetic fields and cosmic ray transport. We review simulation results regarding the gas and stellar contents of groups, cooling flows and the relation to the central galaxy, the formation and processing of multi-phase gas, satellite interactions with the intragroup medium, and the impact of groups for cosmological parameter estimation. Cosmological simulations provide evolutionarily consistent predictions of these observationally difficult-to-define objects, and have untapped potential to accurately model their gaseous, stellar and dark matter distributions.
Dengue and the Lectin Pathway of the Complement System
Authors: Kraivong Romchat , Punyadee Nuntaya , Liszewski M. Kathryn , Atkinson John P. , Avirutnan Panisadee
Published: June 2021

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease causing significant health and economic burdens globally. The dengue virus (DENV) comprises four serotypes (DENV1-4). Usually, the primary infection is asymptomatic or causes mild dengue fever (DF), while secondary infections with a different serotype increase the risk of severe dengue disease (dengue hemorrhagic fever, DHF). Complement system activation induces inflammation and tissue injury, contributing to disease pathogenesis. However, in asymptomatic or primary infections, protective immunity largely results from the complement system’s lectin pathway (LP), which is activated through foreign glycan recognition. Differences in N-glycans displayed on the DENV envelope membrane influence the lectin pattern recognition receptor (PRR) binding efficiency. The important PRR, mannan binding lectin (MBL), mediates DENV neutralization through (1) a complement activation-independent mechanism via direct MBL glycan recognition, thereby inhibiting DENV attachment to host target cells, or (2) a complement activation-dependent mechanism following the attachment of complement opsonins C3b and C4b to virion surfaces. The serum concentrations of lectin PRRs and their polymorphisms influence these LP activities. Conversely, to escape the LP attack and enhance the infectivity, DENV utilizes the secreted form of nonstructural protein 1 (sNS1) to counteract the MBL effects, thereby increasing viral survival and dissemination.
Understanding Post Entry Sorting of Adenovirus Capsids; A Chance to Change Vaccine Vector Properties
Authors: Daussy Coralie F. , Pied Noémie , Wodrich Harald
Published: June 2021

Adenovirus vector-based genetic vaccines have emerged as a powerful strategy against the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis. This success is not unexpected because adenoviruses combine many desirable features of a genetic vaccine. They are highly immunogenic and have a low and well characterized pathogenic profile paired with technological approachability. Ongoing efforts to improve adenovirus-vaccine vectors include the use of rare serotypes and non-human adenoviruses. In this review, we focus on the viral capsid and how the choice of genotypes influences the uptake and subsequent subcellular sorting. We describe how understanding capsid properties, such as stability during the entry process, can change the fate of the entering particles and how this translates into differences in immunity outcomes. We discuss in detail how mutating the membrane lytic capsid protein VI affects species C viruses’ post-entry sorting and briefly discuss if such approaches could have a wider implication in vaccine and/or vector development.
Exploration of Analgesia with Tramadol in the Coxsackievirus B3 Myocarditis Mouse Model
Authors: Pinkert Sandra , Kespohl Meike , Kelm Nicolas , Kaya Ziya , Heuser Arnd , Klingel Karin , Beling Antje
Published: June 2021

Infection of mice with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) triggers inflammation of the heart and this mouse model is commonly used to investigate underlying mechanisms and therapeutic aspects for viral myocarditis. Virus-triggered cytotoxicity and the activity of infiltrating immune cells contribute to cardiac tissue injury. In addition to cardiac manifestation, CVB3 causes cell death and inflammation in the pancreas. The resulting pancreatitis represents a severe burden and under such experimental conditions, analgesics may be supportive to improve the animals’ well-being. Notably, several known mechanisms exist by which analgesics can interfere with the immune system and thereby compromise the feasibility of the model. We set up a study aiming to improve animal welfare while ensuring model integrity and investigated how tramadol, an opioid, affects virus-induced pathogenicity and immune response in the heart. Tramadol was administered seven days prior to a CVB3 infection in C57BL/6 mice and treatment was continued until the day of analysis. Tramadol had no effect on the virus titer or viral pathogenicity in the heart tissue and the inflammatory response, a hallmark of myocardial injury, was maintained. Our results show that tramadol exerts no disruptive effects on the CVB3 myocarditis mouse model and, therefore, the demonstrated protocol should be considered as a general analgesic strategy for CVB3 infection.
Tracking HIV-1-Infected Cell Clones Using Integration Site-Specific qPCR
Authors: Brandt Leah D. , Guo Shuang , Joseph Kevin W. , Jacobs Jana L. , Naqvi Asma , Coffin John M. , Kearney Mary F. , Halvas Elias K. , Wu Xiaolin , Hughes Stephen H. , Mellors John W.
Published: June 2021

Efforts to cure HIV-1 infection require better quantification of the HIV-1 reservoir, particularly the clones of cells harboring replication-competent (intact) proviruses, termed repliclones. The digital droplet PCR assays commonly used to quantify intact proviruses do not differentiate among specific repliclones, thus the dynamics of repliclones are not well defined. The major challenge in tracking repliclones is the relative rarity of the cells carrying specific intact proviruses. To date, detection and accurate quantification of repliclones requires in-depth integration site sequencing. Here, we describe a simplified workflow using integration site-specific qPCR (IS-qPCR) to determine the frequencies of the proviruses integrated in individual repliclones. We designed IS-qPCR to determine the frequencies of repliclones and clones of cells that carry defective proviruses in samples from three donors. Comparing the results of IS-qPCR with deep integration site sequencing data showed that the two methods yielded concordant estimates of clone frequencies (r = 0.838). IS-qPCR is a potentially valuable tool that can be applied to multiple samples and cell types over time to measure the dynamics of individual repliclones and the efficacy of treatments designed to eliminate them.
Predictors of Intention to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in the General Public in Hong Kong: Findings from a Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Yan Elsie , Lai Daniel W. L. , Lee Vincent W. P.
Published: June 2021

Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to stop the spread of COVID-19. Understanding factors associated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines is the key to a successful vaccination programme. This cross-sectional study explored the rate of vaccination intention and identified its predictors using the health belief model (HBM) in the general population in Hong Kong during the pandemic. Data were collected between December 2020 and January 2021 via telephone surveys. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 1255 adults (>18 years, 53% female) completed the telephone survey. Overall, 42% indicated an intention to vaccinate, 31.5% showed vaccine hesitancy, and 26.5% reported refusal to receive any COVID-19 vaccines. Individuals who were men, older in age, working, with past experiences of other pandemics, less concerned with the vaccine safety, with poorer knowledge about COVID-19, and having greater levels of perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, cues to action, and acceptance of governmental preventive measures related to COVID-19 were significantly more likely to report an intention to vaccinate. The low intention among the Hong Kong population reflects the importance of developing effective vaccination promotion campaigns with the predictors identified in this study.
Contributions of Vegetation Greening and Climate Change to Evapotranspiration Trend after Large-Scale Vegetation Restoration on the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Wang Shuo , Cui Chenfeng , Dai Qin
Published: June 2021

Since the early 2000s, the vegetation cover of the Loess Plateau (LP) has increased significantly, which has been fully recorded. However, the effects on relevant eco-hydrological processes are still unclear. Here, we made an investigation on the changes of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) during 2000–2018 and connected them with vegetation greening and climate change in the LP, based on the remote sensing data with correlation and attribution analysis. Results identified that the average annual ETa on the LP exhibited an obvious increasing trend with the value of 9.11 mm yr−1, and the annual ETa trend was dominated by the changes of ETa in the third quarter (July, August, and September). The future trend of ETa was predicted by the Hurst exponent. Partial correlation analysis indicated that annual ETa variations in 87.8% regions of the LP were controlled by vegetation greening. Multiple regression analysis suggested that the relative contributions of potential evapotranspiration (ETp), precipitation, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), to the trend of ETa were 5.7%, −26.3%, and 61.4%, separately. Vegetation greening has a close relationship with the Grain for Green (GFG) project and acts as an essential driver for the long-term development trend of water consumption on the LP. In this research, the potential conflicts of water demanding between the natural ecosystem and social-economic system in the LP were highlighted, which were caused by the fast vegetation expansion.
The features of the thrombolytics use in the process of the reversal of acute coronary occlusion syndrome
Authors: Gulyabin Konstantin Robertovich
Published: June 2021

The mechanism of thrombus formation is a coordinated process that is under the control of neurohumoral regulation and is influenced by a variety of external and internal factors. Any disruption in the regulatory system, activation of some factors and inhibition of others can lead to disruption in the coagulation system, affecting both the plasma and platelet links of hemostasis. The activation of platelets against the background of the existing atherosclerosis of the vessels leads to the formation of blood clots, which clog the lumen of the coronary vessels and can lead to acute myocardial infarction. Today it is well known that increased thrombus formation is not only the cause of the development of acute conditions, but also leads to the progression of the disease. The leading role in the initiation of the thrombus formation process is played by platelets, therefore, the use of antiplatelet drugs is an obligatory link in both the treatment and prevention of thrombosis. In this case, the most important is the need to restore blood flow in the coronary vessels, which provide nutrition to the myocardium. In this regard, correctly selected antithrombotic agents can take a worthy place in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular pathology, which is based on ischemic thrombosis.
Drinking mineral water in the correction of metabolic syndrome in patients with cicatricial skin changes
Authors: Frolkov V. K. , Nagornev S. N , Kazantseva K. V.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the efficiency of complex physiotherapy in combination with internal intake of medium-mineralized water “Essentuki № 17” in patients with cicatricial skin changes in the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. It was found that internal mineral water intake supplementing physiotherapy effectively corrected carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders by reducing the insulin resistance index, which contributed to a greater regression of clinical manifestations of cicatricial skin changes in patients with metabolic syndrome. Meanwhile, in the absence of metabolic syndrome, the course intake of mineral water did not signifi cantly affect complex physiotherapy, although the index of insulin resistance and body weight of patients significantly decreased. It is suggested that, given the presence of nonspecifi c preventive potential of the course of drinking mineral waters intake, there is some theoretical and possibly practical interest in research on pre-course mineral water intake before performing cosmetic operations to accelerate the process of skin regeneration and the formation of scarring in a less pronounced form.
The dynamics of indicators of peroxide metabolism in patients with cicatricial skin deformations in combination with metabolic syndrome in complex use of physiotherapeutic treatment methods and drinking mineral waters
Authors: Kazatseva K.V. , Nagornev S.N. , Frolkov V.K. , Gusakova E.V.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the role of lipid peroxidation processes in the pathogenesis of cicatricial skin changes, including in patients with metabolic syndrome. Baseline indices of LPO processes and antioxidant enzymes in patients with metabolic syndrome indicate the development of oxidative stress and accumulation of cytotoxic carbonyl products. The course use of a combination of fermenkol phonophoresis, fractional photothermolysis and mineral water «Essentuki №17» in patients with cicatricial changes in the skin and metabolic syndrome is accompanied by a decrease in the severity of insulin resistance and lipid peroxidation processes. The use of a complex of physiotherapeutic factors and drinking mineral water contributes to an increase in the coefficient of antioxidant protection by 54%. The revealed dynamics of the assessed parameters is realized due to the elimination of molecular inhibitors of antioxidant enzymes in conditions of an increase in the receptor sensitivity of tissues to insulin and a decrease in the level of glycemia. The manifestation of antioxidant activity in the combined use of physiotherapeutic methods and mineral waters for drinking purposes allows this technology to be considered as an effective means of pathogenetic therapy of cicatricial deformities of the skin in combination with metabolic syndrome.
Modelamiento matemático del proceso de deshidratado de china konoca (Xenophyllum poposum) por aire caliente
Authors: Espinoza Calderón Gustavo Adolfo , Taipe Lucas Carmen , Taipe Yalli Magdalena
Published: June 2021

Durante mucho tiempo las plantas medicinales fueron el principal recurso disponible para tratar enfermedades. Por esta razón fueron desarrollándose numerosos estudios sobre esas plantas e investigaciones sobre el uso de sus productos y derivados. La china konoca (Xenophyllum poposum) es una planta nativa que crece de manera silvestre en los Andes peruanos a más de 4400 metros sobre el nivel del mar, es muy utilizada como una infusión natural para la digestión. El propósito de este trabajo fue realizar un modelado matemático durante el proceso de deshidratado de la china konoca (Xenophyllum poposum). Para ello, se efectuó la evaluación de cinética de deshidratado de esta planta a 60°C y 80°C, durante 480 y 600 minutos, en donde se hizo las mediciones de pérdida de humedad. Se obtuvieron gráficas de velocidad de deshidratado en función del tiempo, temperatura y la humedad, con estos datos se realizó un modelado matemático de cada tratamiento para describir la tendencia en las curvas de deshidratado. Resultando un modelo polinómico de segundo grado el que mostró mejor bondad de ajuste en la cinética de secado por aire caliente, %H = a – b ? +c ? 2. Además, se hizo el modelamiento para predecir el tiempo de equilibrio en el decrecimiento de humedad, derivando la ecuación anterior, ?=b/2c.
Les enfants des familles déportées de Mésopotamie du nord à Mari en ZL 11ʼ
Authors: Lion Brigitte
Published: June 2021

À la fin du règne de Zimrî-Lîm, au cours des années ZL 11’ et 12’ (1763 et 1762 av. J.-C), deux campagnes du roi de Mari dans le nord de la Mésopotamie lui permirent de déporter la population de six villes conquises. À cette occasion les scribes dressèrent des listes pour inventorier ce butin humain, dans lesquelles les individus étaient nommés, groupés par famille et comptés. Les renseignements donnés par les listes de l’année ZL 11’ sont les plus nombreux et les plus précis en ce qui concerne les enfants, de sorte qu’il est possible d’estimer leur nombre et leur proportion parmi les déportés et de distinguer diverses classes d’âge, des nourrissons aux adultes.
La mention des enfants dans les textes néo-babyloniens
Authors: Joannès Francis
Published: June 2021

During the neo-Babylonian period, the children are distinguished by sex and distributed in different age groups. In fact, the texts concerning slaves are the most explicit about the situation of children. In the family structure the little child is primarily attached to the mother.

Neo-Babylonian documentation provides information on the risks to which the young children are exposed (abandonment, sale or donation in the event of serious difficulties). The sanctuaries appear, according to a very old tradition, to be the principal guarantors for their protection, but the private archives also provide some indications to measures taken to ensure the future of the little children.
Remarques préliminaires sur l’éducation spartiate
Authors: Lévy Edmond
Published: June 2021

Contrairement aux thèses de N. M. Kennell, l'agogè n’a pas subi deux longues interruptions : avant Agis et Cléomène, elle n’a jamais disparu et, sous la domination achaïenne, elle ne s’est interrompue que pendant quelques années. Organisée par la cité, elle se distingue par son caractère collectif et sa durée exceptionnelle et vise à développer la discipline, l’endurance et l’émulation ; elle est en partie fondée sur les relations pédérastiques.
Rois et tyrans dans le théâtre d’Aristophane
Authors: Lenfant Dominique
Published: June 2021

The terminology of personal power in Aristophanes’ plays presents two different uses depending on whether the referent is mythical or contemporary. When the sovereign of the mythical world is equally called either βασιλεύς or τύραννος (in accordance with contemporary tragical use), in the contemporary world βασιλεύς usually designates the Persian king and τύραννος the internal ennemy of Athenian democracy (in compliance with the daily use of that time). The different hints to tyranny express current political events and their interpretation by Aristophanes, who reproves the misuse of the term by demagogues in the 420’s, makes fun of the fear of tyrants after the events of 415, but gives up laughing at that subject after the events of 411.
Destins de Ménandre
Authors: Blanchard A.
Published: June 2021

Menander was very famous through Antiquity, but this fact couldn’t prevent his work from disappearing, probably in the IXth century. This was not owed to any moral censure from Byzantine Church, as often thought, but to a cultural model change : as early as the second century A. D. the Atticist Phrynichos had violently attacked Menander about language. Photios had read Phrynichos and thought like him that classical Greek literature ended with Demosthenes, i. e. with the independent Athens. It may be asked whether Menander’s «resurrection», which has taken place in our day and age thanks to the numerous papyrological finds, is liable to modify this posthumous fate, which repeats what happened to the living poet.
La geste de Tydée dans l'Iliade
Authors: Laurot Bernard
Published: June 2021

Les six passages de l'Iliade où il est question de Tydée posent le problème de la cohérence de cette épopée et des mécanismes de sa composition : centrés sur la problématique de la valeur et traités avec une esthétique toute géométrique, ils se répondent les uns aux autres en exploitant à plein la possibilité de variations sur un même thème.
Histoire, panégyrique et poésie : trois éloges de Rome l’éternelle autour de l’an 400 (Ammien Marcellin, Claudien, Rutilius Namatianus)
Authors: Zarini Vincent
Published: June 2021

Autour de l’an 400 de notre ère, trois auteurs païens (Ammien Marcellin, Claudien et Rutilius Namatianus) composèrent de vibrants éloges d’une Rome alors menacée. Après avoir donné les points de repère nécessaires, on étudie ici les convergences entre ces auteurs, ainsi que les raisons de celles-ci, puis on souligne les spécificités de leurs approches respectives (genre littéraire, attitude religieuse, relations de Rome avec les autres peuples, éternité de la Ville), pour s’interroger enfin sur le degré de lucidité qu’ils manifestent en une époque difficile.
Mains levées, mains supines, à propos d’une base funéraire de Kadyanda (Lycie)
Authors: Morant Marie-José
Published: June 2021

Une base funéraire inscrite retrouvée à Kadyanda (Lycie) évoque le souvenir de Rhodopè, sans doute figurée sur le monument et entourée par deux mains levées. La présence de ces mains pose diverses questions : à qui appartiennent-elles ? Dans quel but sont-elles représentées ? L’expression «mains supines» (manus supinatae) employée pour les décrire dans la plupart des publications françaises peut-elle s’appliquer aussi systématiquement que cela a été fait ?
De Mari à Délos, un lien : le palmier
Authors: Margueron Jean-Claude
Published: June 2021

Le palmier crée un lien inattendu entre Mari et Délos. Symbole exprimant la richesse et la puissance vitale liées à l’exercice du pouvoir royal, comme le montre son utilisation dans le bloc officiel et dans la peinture de l’Investiture du Palais de Mari du début du IIe millénaire, il semble, du fait de la présence d’une colombe au-dessus de l’arbre, associé à Ishtar, divinité centrale de la scène. A Délos la présence du palmier dans divers sanctuaires et le monnayage hellénistique qui use du palmier surmonté d’un cygne rappellent le mythe de la naissance d’Apollon. Doit-on, en conséquence, chercher en Orient l’origine du motif iconographique du palmier surmonté d’un oiseau divin ?
À propos de quelques images du répertoire mésopotamien d’inspiration mythologique
Authors: Beyer Dominique
Published: June 2021

This article studies the difficult problem of the relations between text and image in the mythological iconography of the Mesopotamian seals. The engraver was more interested in the essence of the myth than in its successive episodes. Some of them are nevertheless represented because of an age-old icono-graphical tradition which was accustomed to transpose cosmic harmony and conflicts into fights between wild animals, with or without the intervention of a hero. So the cycle of nature, the changing of seasons could be evoked on little cylinder-seals.
Le bûcher de Patrocle et l’ostentation des armes dans les sociétés indigènes d’Italie méridionale
Authors: Adam Anne-Marie
Published: June 2021

L'immagine della pira di Patroclo, ornata colle armi dell'eroe, così come appare sul cratere italiota del Pittore di Dario va messa in relazione con altre rappresentazioni d'armi depositate sui sepolcri, visibili nella pittura vascolare italiota. I freggi d'armi e le immagini di trofeo dipinte nelle tombe pestane, insieme alla presenza di probabili trofei nei corredi funebri dimostrano ugualmente l'importanza data dalle comunità indigene dell'Italia meridionale all'ostentazione delle armi, panoplia personale oppure armi prese al nemico. Così si rivela la mentalità della classe aristocratica, da una parte ampiamente ellenizzata e dall'altra fedele ai valori guerrieri che sono di tradizione in ambiente italico.
Chapitaux «nabatéens», «corinthiens inachevés» ou «simplifiés» ? Nouveaux exemples en Égypte
Authors: Laroche-Traunecker Françoise
Published: June 2021

Die in Ägypten neugefundeten Exemplare der sogennanten “nabatean” Kapitelle bewiesen, dab sie unbeendeten Korintheskapitelle sind. Einigen Exemplar waren nicht für Skulptur sondem fur Bemalung vorbereitet. Manchmal sind die Formen dieser Kapitelle sehr weit der Korintheskapitelle Modell entfernt.
Le fonds de photographies anciennes de l’Institut d’archéologie classique de Strasbourg réuni par Adolf Michaelis entre 1859 et 1910
Authors: Feyler Gabrielle
Published: June 2021

The Institute of classical Archaeology of the University of Strasbourg contains 1800 very old photographs collected by the German archaeologist Adolf Michaelis (1865-1910), the founder of this institute. If the main part of the «Michaelis collection» is dated from the years 1860 to 1900, about 200 photographs belong to the years 1850. They allow one to better know the first phase of the activity of famous photographers such as James Anderson, Giorgio Sommer, Philippos Margaritis, Dimitrios Konstantinou... . Almost all the photographers identified in the collection worked permanently or partly in Greece and in Italy. Some of them are highly talented photographers such as Paul des Granges, P. Bette, and William Stillman (Alinari, Brogi, Sommer, Sebah) and represent the principal interest of this collection.
Asklépios et son iconographie d’après un auteur syrien du XIIIème siècle
Authors: Ghadban Chaker
Published: June 2021

Dans son histoire des «Générations de médecins», Ibn Abi Ousaïbi’a, un médecin du XIIIe s., reprenant la tradition byzantine, à laquelle se référaient depuis le IXe s. les historiens arabes tout en se reportant aux sources gréco-syriennes et iraniennes, a consacré un chapitre à Asklépios. Soucieux de respecter le monothéisme, Ibn Abi Ousaïbi’a a substitué au discours gréco-romain, polythéiste, une vision arabo-musulmane, faisant d’ Asklépios un mortel. L’historien a habilement contourné les difficultés que suscitait cette interprétation, lorsqu’il s’agissait notamment d’évoquer les dons prophétiques ou de décrire le type iconographique du médecin légendaire dans les représentations antiques.
Eros archéologue
Authors: Roger Alain
Published: June 2021

The similarities between Archaeology (Archè) and Psychanalysis, in the pursuit of the Ur-narrative («The wolf -man»), were not overlooked by S. Freud. He found that his interpretation of dreams was comforted by the Gradiva of Jensen, a literary work based on the foot-fetichism of Norbert Hanold — a German archaeologist — which focalised on a nymph of stone.
Le fabuleux propre de l’homme
Authors: Osmo Pierre
Published: June 2021

Platon and Kant haben nicht gezögert, in Ansehung der Geschichte des menschlichen Geschlechtes, einige Aufschlüße zu ziehen, jener aus den Mythen des Goldenen Zeitalters und des Prometheus, und dieser aus der Erzählung der Genesis. Vielleicht ist es wiederum möglich, aus diesen Lektüren eine Idee des “fabelhaften Eigentümlichen am Menschen” zu ziehen. In dieser Sache wird es sich darum handeln, was das Durchlesen jener “Sagen” an die Macht des logos erinnert, der das menschliche Tier bestimmt, indem er es durch den Widerstreit der Identitàt und der Differenz im Prozeß der Gattung und der Abstammung zum Untertan des Gesetzes einsetzt, so wie er sich schließlich im Statut des “Eigentümers” veranschaulicht.
Le contrôle «économique» dans le monde égéen : le point de vue d’un archéologue
Authors: Treuil René
Published: June 2021

C’est au Bronze Ancien que les pratiques de conservation des denrées conduisent à des systèmes de notation au service du contrôle «économique». La Crète palatiale ne fait que diversifier les modalités de ce contrôle et diffuser les systèmes de notation. Mais l’imprécision des fouilles et le cloisonnement des travaux font encore obstacle aux recherches.
L’histoire des écritures égéennes
Authors: Godart Louis
Published: June 2021

Cette communication propose une synthèse sur les différents problèmes que soulèvent les écritures crétoises : chronologie, relations réciproques, avant de s’intéresser plus en détail aux origines de l’écriture linéaire B, dont l’auteur fait remonter le premier document connu à l'ΗΜ III : il s’agit du galet découvert à Kafkania près d’Olympie.
«Marques de potier» et contrôle économique à Malia à l’époque des premiers palais crétois
Authors: Poursat Jean-Claude
Published: June 2021

Potters’ marks — marks made on the pots before firing — were quite numerous at Malia (Crete) at the end of the protopalatial period. Did some of these marks (which do not seem to designate capacity, commodity, provenance nor destination) form part of a system of economic control ? A study of the case of marks on loomweights, which may have served for some purpose in the organisation of textile production, suggests that some potters’ marks had a function in the distribution of rations as well.
La lecture des sceaux hiéroglyphiques… et des autres
Authors: Orgeolet Raphaël
Published: June 2021

Abstract. — What does mean the «reading » of seals ? On the one hand, it is now presumed that the Cretan Hieroglyphic script engraved on Protopalatial seals was read at least by a few Minoans. On the other hand, even uninscribed seals may deliver a message trough their iconographical patterns. The Corpus Hieroglyphicarum Inscriptionum Cretae has recently issued and it is now possible to discuss the inscriptions engraved on seals. Further more, it allows us to compare hieroglyphic and non hieroglyphic administrative seal use in Protopalatial Crete.
À propos de l’administration minoenne à l’époque des premiers palais crétois
Authors: Tzigounaki Anastasia
Published: June 2021

The administrative system in the Protopalatial Period of Crete (2.000-1.700 B.C.) used different ways of control, among them the sealing of containers with clay sealings bearing seal impressions. These sealings were placed in archives for a final administrative check. The study of sealings bearing different seal impressions, in combination with the study of the prism seals, offers us conclusive evidence about their use within the administration system.
Les documents scellés à l’époque minoenne
Authors: Perna Massimo
Published: June 2021

Alla luce di nuovi ritrovamenti nella Creta dell’ovest, noi possiamo oggi dimostrare che già in epoca prepalaziale, a partire dall’Antico Minoico II, i Minoici utilizzavano dei documenti sigillati per gestire la loro contabilità nell’amministrazione delle loro risorse. L’analisi dei differenti tipi di documenti sigillati utilizzati dagli amministratori minoici dimostra una parziale dipendenza dai modelli utilizzati nel Vicino Oriente, ma anche l’uso di documenti originali, come le rondelle, che non sono conosciute al di fuori dell’Egeo.
Mécanismes de contrôle au palais de Cnossos à l’époque des tablettes en linéaire B.
Authors: Driessen Jan
Published: June 2021

Cette communication propose une synthèse sur les mécanismes administratifs de traitement des informations économiques dans le royaume de Cnossos, ainsi que sur le mode d’organisation géographique et politique du territoire cnossien à l’époque des textes en linéaire B. L’auteur interprète les bureaux non spécialisés de Cnossos (par exemple la Pièce aux tablettes de chars ou l’Entrée Nord) comme le reste de pré-archives appartenant à différentes époques. Il récuse l’idée d’un parallélisme parfait entre le système administratif pylien et le système cnossien, en raison, principalement, de la forte influence que devait exercer la tradition minoenne à Cnossos.
Entre collecteurs et travailleurs : les «responsables» dans l’industrie textile de Cnossos
Authors: Nosch Marie-Louise B.
Published: June 2021

Most of the Linear B tablets from Knossos deal with sheep and textile production. This paper discusses those persons who held certain responsabilities in the Knossian textile industry, in particular, the persons preceded by the preposition o-pi and the persons indicated by the abbreviations DA and TA. These persons were at an intermediate level of the administrative hierarchy.
The Modalities of Economie Control at Pylos
Authors: Palaima Thomas G.
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses the textual evidence for institutional, official and personal hierarchies in the administrative organization of the Mycenaean regional palatial economy of Late Bronze Age Messenia. It stresses that the three-level models proposed by the author in 1985 are simply a general frame-work for understanding the modalities of economic control and that we should not expect to find streamlined efficiency in a large-scale economic system that evolved over a period of several hundred years. Analysis of the major Ma "taxation" series and of tablet Jn 829, which deals with the collection of "recycled" bronze, reveals how extensive a system of standard transactional relationships must have existed in order to keep the highly specialized palatial economy operating. The inscribed tablets and the inscribed and uninscribed sealings are merely the "tip of the administrative iceberg".
Le droit latin provincial : un itinéraire d’historien
Authors: Le Roux Patrick
Published: June 2021

La difficile question du droit latin occupe une place non négligeable dans l’œuvre d’André Chastagnol, surtout lors de la dernière période. L’historien épigraphiste fut le premier à soumettre les inscriptions latines à une multitude d’enquêtes systématiques, destinées à éclairer le contenu et les applications du droit latin provincial, en particulier dans les cités gallo-romaines. Les travaux consacrés par André Chastagnol au ius Latii, appuyés sur une science épigraphique incomparable, n’ont pu être menés à leur terme, mais ces études conservent la mémoire de sa conception exigeante du métier d’historien.
Les cultes dans les Gaules
Authors: Demougin Ségolène
Published: June 2021

Dans le domaine de la religion gallo-romaine, André Chastagnol a résolu définitivement le problème de l’identification des grands-prêtres du culte confédéral de Lyon. Il s’est aussi attaché à l’expression épigraphique du culte impérial dans les cités.
André Chastagnol et l'Histoire Auguste
Authors: Callu Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2021

Par sa présence constante aux Colloques de Bonn, puis à ceux qui suivirent, par ses synthèses de 1962 et de 1970 annonçant la traduction commentée de 1994, par ses apports personnels qui, notamment grâce à des parallèles suggérés avec Jérôme et Claudien, cernaient au plus près la date de rédaction, André Chastagnol a, pendant quelque trente années, contribué, d’une façon décisive, à une meilleure appréciation de l'Histoire Auguste.
Le Sénat romain d’André Chastagnol
Authors: Corbier Mireille
Published: June 2021

André Chastagnol worked on the Roman Senate for forty years. In his book published in 1992, that was the fruit of this extended reflection, he shows that the evolution of the senatorial institution under the Empire can only be understood by looking at its history over the long term. For him, the history of the Senate is less a political history than it is the social and institutional history of the remodeling and recomposition of the highest level of the Roman elite — and of its constitution as an organized group. The fundamental ambition remains to identify the stages that mark the passage from a group defined by the fact that they had been magistrates to the formation of a veritable social group, including women and children in the same system of statutory privilege. The detailed study of the widening of the notion of the senatorial order poses a fundamental problem, namely, the status, personal or otherwise, of the nobility.