bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE SONS RÓTICOS EM VARIEDADES DO PORTUGUÊS EM PAÍSES AFRICANOS
Authors: Boaventura Luísa , Cantoni Maria
Published: October 2024

Este estudo buscou avaliar a distribuição dos róticos de cinco variedades africanas de português (Angola, Cabo Verde, Guiné Bissau, Moçambique e São Tomé e Príncipe), além de determinar semelhanças e diferenças com as variedades do português europeu e brasileiro, por meio da análise acústica de 18 entrevistas sociolinguísticas. Observou-se que o sistema dos róticos nas variedades analisadas se assemelha ao europeu, mas difere pela ocorrência de (1) tepe em todos os contextos fonológicos, inclusive início de palavra; (2) fricativa em coda em Cabo Verde; (3) variação entre vibrantes, fricativas velares e uvulares em início de palavra em Angola; (4) vogal de apoio em encontros consonantais e em coda; (5) apagamento do rótico final em São Tomé e Príncipe. A multiplicidade de variantes e a ocorrência pervasiva do tepe podem ser um indício de mudança para um sistema de único rótico.
EL PAPEL DE LA PARTÍCULA DISCURSIVA ENTONCES DEL ESPAÑOL EN LAS NARRACIONES ORALES DE ESTUDIANTES BRASILEÑOS DE ELE
Authors: Nogueira Antonio Messias
Published: October 2024

En este estudio, se analizan los valores semántico-pragmáticos de la partícula discursiva entonces del español en las narraciones orales de estudiantes brasileños de ELE. El corpus en el que nos basamos para realizar ese análisis se constituye de una muestra representativa de un total de 47 narraciones orales de aprendices brasileños de ELE, con un nivel B2. Se trata de una investigación que se enmarca en el terreno de la lingüística pragmática o pragmagramática. Los resultados de este estudio apuntan a que, en el corpus analizado, entonces se muestra, predominantemente, como conector argumentativo y como conector metadiscursivo; funciones estas que contribuyen a la construcción del sentido del género textual narración oral.
O SISTEMA DE TRANSITIVIDADE SOB A ÓTICA DA LINGUÍSTICA SISTÊMICO-FUNCIONAL:
Authors: Lopes Daltio Milena , Laurett Neves Damasceno Gesieny
Published: October 2024

Sob a ótica da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional, o principal objetivo deste estudo é relacionar a utilização das Circunstâncias em Processos Materiais (que expressam fazer e acontecer), feita no âmbito do sistema de transitividade, aos propósitos comunicativos do gênero notícia jornalística, fundamentando-se em Halliday (1979), Halliday (1994), Halliday e Matthiessen (2004) e Martin e Rose (2008). O resultado da análise do corpus, composto por 30 notícias jornalísticas do século XIX, coletadas no banco de dados VARPORT/UFRJ, demonstrou que 82,6% das Circunstâncias identificadas estão relacionadas a Processos Materiais, e que, desse total, 61,4% se relacionam diretamente aos processos do acontecer. Esses percentuais apontam para uma importante diferença no que diz respeito ao foco de informação dos Processos Materiais do fazer e do acontecer nas notícias analisadas.
VARIAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA, AQUISIÇÃO/APRENDIZAGEM E ENSINO DO OBJETO ACUSATIVO ANAFÓRICO NA LÍNGUA ESPANHOLA
Authors: Simões Adriana
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os resultados de nossas pesquisas sobre a variação linguística na língua espanhola no âmbito do objeto acusativo anafórico (Simões, 2015, 2022), apresentar os resultados de González (1994) e Simões (2010) sobre o processo de aquisição/aprendizagem dessa área da gramática por falantes brasileiros e tecer reflexões sobre o seu ensino. Tendo em vista as perspectivas teóricas gerativa (Chomsky, 1981, 1986) e sociolinguística (Labov, 2008; Weinreich, labov e herzog, 2009), realizamos um estudo das variedades de espanhol de Madri e Montevidéu sobre a expressão do objeto acusativo anafórico a partir da análise de entrevistas orais. Constatamos a possibilidade de objetos nulos menos restringidos nas variedades de espanhol de Madri e Montevidéu e comparamos as tendências encontradas com o português brasileiro. A melhor descrição dessas construções em variedades da língua espanhola, bem como os resultados sobre o processo de aquisição/aprendizagem do espanhol por falantes brasileiros, nos permitem pensar estratégias para promover uma reflexão sobre o ensino dessa área da gramática.
liderança de Wonderfull para uma cena travesti no espaço artístico alagoano
Authors: Coutinho dos Santos Sérgio
Published: October 2024

Natasha Wonderfull é uma artista negra travesti em Maceió, Alagoas. Ela lidera o Grupo Transhow, onde interpreta em palcos com performances com base em artistas negras brasileiras. A liderança comunitária desempenhada integra mulheres trans e travestis, na maioria negras e periférias, de Alagoas, acolhidas na preparação para a arte e com assistência pela capacitação profissional e enfrentando problemas de saúde. O objetivo do artigo é mostrar em uma perspectiva interseccional a força política transformadora para uma comunidade que a arte desempenha. A entrevista de Natasha Wonderfull, realizada em 2022, teve esta finalidade.
Trabalhe com o que você ama
Authors: Rocha Thainan
Published: October 2024

O artigo analisa as condições de trabalho no sistema teatral brasileiro contemporâneo a partir de uma bibliografia multidisciplinar e dados produzidos em uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa realizada em 2021, com 157 profissionais do teatro de Porto Alegre atuantes entre 2010 e 2020. Apesar do ideal romantizado, observa-se um processo de precarização do trabalho, movido pela marcha capitalista neoliberal, com consequências degradantes na sustentabilidade dos sistemas teatrais, na longevidade de produções artísticas e na saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Nota-se ainda uma reprodução de desigualdades sociais no mercado teatral, que agrava as condições de profissionais pertencentes a grupos minoritários.
Desenvolvimento e apropriação dos desfiles das escolas de samba do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Souza Duarte Lima Bruno , Borja Bruno
Published: October 2024

O artigo busca analisar o processo de apropriação mercadológica de práticas culturais da classe trabalhadora por setores da indústria cultural. Faz isso a partir do estudo do desenvolvimento histórico dos desfiles das escolas de samba no Rio de Janeiro e seu processo de apropriação pelo grande capital, onde a precarização do trabalho cultural nos barracões é parte constitutiva de geração de lucros para a indústria cultural.
poesia é marginal, o poeta não!
Authors: Neves do Nascimento Natã
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho objetiva analisar e reconhecer a rua como espaço público de formação para os poetas de poetry slam, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a partir da trajetória de alguns poetas que encontraram nesse movimento cultural, surgido nos anos 1980, nos Estados Unidos, possibilidades de trabalhar com a sua cultura no campo das artes e literatura. Evidencia-se o processo de profissionalização dos poetas de slam, sobretudo as narrativas de jovens periféricos que encontram nos ataques poéticos uma fonte de renda. E apesar de tais práticas serem comuns nos dias de hoje, esses artistas ainda sofrem com marginalizações e preconceitos por parte das autoridades. A partir das análises apresentadas serão difundidos os múltiplos caminhos que se apresentam aos poetas após esse contato com o slam e as alterações em seus projetos de futuro.
encontro do mito carnavalesco com o realismo capitalista
Authors: Vega Martinez Veras Ferreira Ana Clara
Published: October 2024

O carnaval de rua da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, festa popular que vem crescendo a cada ano, é frequentemente entendido como um espaço político. Nos últimos anos, surgiram diferentes reivindicações em torno da festa carnavalesca. Essa mobilização sociopolítica vem muito em resposta às medidas de normatização e regulamentação da festa a partir de 2009, primeiro mandato do prefeito Eduardo Paes. A partir da articulação dos conceitos de mito carnavalesco (Queiroz, 1999) e realismo capitalista (2020), este artigo busca discutir e complexificar os sentidos do carnaval os limites e potencialidades da organização sociopolítica na festa de rua na contemporaneidade.
Análise dos Níveis de Governança Corporativa no Caso OGX: Uma Avaliação do Impacto da Execução do Plano de Recuperação Judicial
Authors: Alves Aléxica Dias de Freitas , Araújo Glaysson Aguilar de , Mário Poueri do Carmo , Magalhães Josimara Sampaio , Pinheiro Juliano Lima
Published: October 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a evolução de indicadores de Governança Corporativa na OGX Petróleo e Gás S.A. (transformada na Dommo Energia S.A.), buscando evidências de movimentações positivas nas práticas de Governança Corporativa durante e após o encerramento do processo de Recuperação Judicial, que durou entre 2014 e 2017. Os resultados indicam que houve uma melhora gradativa nos indicadores encontrados, saindo de 6,80% em 2014 para 31,97% em 2020, sendo que a maior média foi 40,54% para as análises entre os relatórios de 24/11/17 a 21/01/2019, em que o aumento observado é reflexo da inclusão do Comitê de Auditoria durante o período e também pelo atendimento de mais itens relacionados ao Conselho de Administração. Ademais, a OGX não apresentou evidências de possuir instalados os Comitês de Investimentos em ativos financeiros, de Financiamento Corporativo e de Riscos, então três das sete categorias obtiveram resultados zerados durante a análise.
Análise das Dissertações de Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis das Universidades de Santa Catarina
Authors: Bubeck Stephan Klaus , Kroenke Adriana , Hein Nelson
Published: October 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil das dissertações defendidas dos cursos de mestrado em Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), da Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (UNOCHAPECÓ) e da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). A amostra consistiu em 165 dissertações defendidas no período de 2017 a 2020, sendo 71 da UFSC, 54 da UNOCHAPECÓ e 40 da FURB. Foram analisados quatro aspectos nas dissertações: demografia de autoria, estrutura da dissertação, formas de argumentação e referências utilizadas. Sobre a demografia dos autores, constatou-se que a UFSC possui maior tendência para pesquisas em contabilidade gerencial, enquanto a FURB tem predominância de estudos em contabilidade financeira. A UNOCHAPECÓ possui equilíbrio entre as linhas de pesquisa em contabilidade e administração. Referente à estrutura das dissertações, foi observada uma predominância de trabalhos com base em pesquisa documental e levantamento nos três programas. Nas formas de argumentação, verificou-se maior consistência e organização nas dissertações da FURB. Sobre as referências utilizadas, constatou-se que o uso de artigos publicados em periódicos foi predominante nas dissertações das três universidades. Este estudo pode contribuir para professores e coordenadores para  avaliação sobre tendências dos programas de pós-graduação em Ciências Contábeis, assim como para estudantes e pesquisadores, fornecendo subsídios para futuras pesquisas.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD): Implementação nos Escritórios de Contabilidade
Authors: Silva Sergio Luiz Pedrosa , Paula Glissia Rodrigues de Paula , Da Costa Wênyka , Da Silva Jandeson
Published: October 2024

O estudo visou analisar o processo de implantação da LGPD nos escritórios de contabilidade na cidade de Mossoró-RN. O método, quanto aos objetivos, descritivo, quanto aos procedimentos, survey e com abordagem do problema quantitativo, caráter transversal, dados coletados com os contadores atuantes neste município. Os principais achados foram: no tocante aos cuidados com os dados sensíveis, segurança nos conhecimentos da LGPD, segurança dos dados pessoais nos escritórios, reconhecimento da necessidade de capacitação dos colaboradores em relação à esses processos, a maioria afirmou positivamente para esses quesitos; com a necessidade de melhorias em determinados aspectos culturais dos colaboradores, por sua vez, 1/3 dos profissionais afirmaram que ainda não se adequaram a Lei; constatou-se ainda que a metade dos respondentes não utilizam estratégias e processos de compliance na adequação da LGPD; evidenciou-se inferências na pesquisa das dificuldades de implantação da LGPD nos escritórios de contabilidade, portanto, a adequação nessas empresas, não é unânime, necessitando aperfeiçoar à adequação para que os profissionais não venham sofrer sanções. Esse trabalho contribui para apresentar o processo de implantação da LGPD nessa área profissional, auxiliando para as dificuldades e soluções encontradas, apresente-se como roteiro, para a classe contábil e outras categorias.
A Influência da Pandemia da Covid-19 no Funcionamento dos Escritórios de Contabilidade do Estado de Alagoas
Authors: Tenório Maria Jeiciane de Melo , Monteiro José Augusto de Medeiros , Siqueira Karenn Patrícia Silva , Giacobbo Tatiana Silva Fontoura de Barcellos
Published: October 2024

Essa pesquisa investiga a influência da pandemia da Covid-19 no funcionamento dos escritórios de contabilidade do estado de Alagoas. Para que seus escritórios não fossem intensamente afetados pela crise econômica, os profissionais tiveram que cumprir as medidas de isolamento, utilizar estratégias para dirimir a inadimplência e o encerramento de atividades dos seus clientes, além de se adequarem a modos de trabalho que facilitassem o cotidiano, seguindo a nova realidade, por meio da utilização das ferramentas tecnológicas que foram adotadas. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo multicaso, que teve como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário aplicado a 35 escritórios do estado de Alagoas, que contemplou municípios do interior, região do agreste e a capital. A partir dos dados coletados, pôde-se constatar diversos cenários que se modificaram conforme a realidade e o porte de cada escritório. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram quanto a tecnologia e os seus benefícios, ligados à praticidade, ao controle e à organização, foram imprescindíveis para enfrentar e superar esse período de pandemia no setor contábil. Sem os contadores, as empresas não teriam tido suporte necessário para manter a continuidade. Além disso, os dados mostram que o cenário vivido por esses profissionais, os instigou a darem continuidade ao formato de contabilidade digital, conseguido por meio da adoção de mais investimentos em tecnologia.
Relações entre os Fatores Contingenciais e as Fases do Custeio Alvo: Um Estudo no Polo Industrial de Confecções De Santa Cruz Do Capibaribe-PE
Authors: Beserra de Sá Célio , Cunha Callado Antônio André
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar as relações entre os fatores contingenciais e a utilização de aspectos práticos das fases do processo do custeio alvo, no âmbito das empresas do polo industrial de confecções da cidade de Santa Cruz do Capibaribe-PE. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um survey, com questionário estruturado, composto por 37 questões, com respostas prévias elaboradas em uma escala do tipo Likert de 5 pontos. O universo foram as 110 indústrias de confecções de Santa Cruz do Capibaribe-PE cadastradas na base da Federação das Indústrias do Estado de Pernambuco (FIEPE). 24 empresas participaram da pesquisa, representando uma taxa de resposta de 21,82%. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste estatístico não-paramétrico de correlação de Spearman, considerando-se relações significativas, exclusivamente, aquelas que apresentaram um nível de significância de 99% (p=0,01). Os principais resultados mostraram que há relação estatisticamente significativa entre a competição por lançamentos em produtos e a definição de preços com base nas condições de mercado. Quanto à tecnologia, verificou-se relação significativa entre a padronização dos processos e a pormenorização dos custos. Estrutura hierárquica se relacionou a otimização dos processos e recursos. Ademais, verificou-se que decisões focadas no longo prazo se relacionaram significativamente ao monitoramento dos custos e à otimização dos processos e recursos. Logo, as empresas do setor investigado utilizam, de maneira inconsciente e informal, aspectos práticos das fases do processo do custeio alvo, sendo essa utilização relacionada aos fatores contingenciais.
The Proportional‐Integral‐Derivative (PID) Controller
Authors: Vilanova Ramon , Visioli Antonio
Published: August 2017

Commercial controllers with a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control algorithm were introduced back in the 1940s. As it has been widely reported elsewhere, 80 years later PID is still the most common control algorithm used in the processes industry. In this article, fundamentals of PID control are outlined. Starting from the elemental constituent control actions that are at the core of the basic control law, additional considerations, functionalities, and implementation facts are also introduced. Afterward, special attention is placed on the considerations regarding PID‐based feedback control loops. Although the central concept of PID control can be gleaned from an examination of how these three terms are blended to form a control signal, the intelligent application of PID control in any given case requires an understanding of the process dynamics at hand as well of the achievable feedback properties.
Emergency Power Supply for Load Point Reliability
Authors: Mitra Joydeep , Singh Chanan
Published: August 2017

Often, certain loads deemed critical by a customer are connected to the utility supply through an emergency power supply (also called backup or standby power supply) to provide continuity of service in the event of failure of the utility supply. This article describes the basic requirements and components of an emergency power supply. Since the purpose of an emergency power supply is essentially to enhance reliability of service to a load point, this article also shows how to assess service reliability and how to size the emergency power supply to provide a desired level of reliability.
Load Management
Authors: Bellarmine G. Thomas , Arokiaswamy N. S. S. , Ramalingam K.
Published: August 2017

Electric power has shaped and contributed to the progress and advances of humankind over the past century. Power should be available to the customer upon demand. The power companies strive to keep the reserve capacity to meet the sudden demand to a minimum. Load management techniques help the power company to reshape the electric utility load curves and to reduce the peak demand.

The US government has filed lawsuits against electrical utility plants charging the release of massive amounts of air pollutants throughout the Midwest and east coast. Electrical utilities are responsible for 65% of sulfur dioxide emissions in the United States. If the customers demand more power, the power companies would supply power by building more generation facilities. This concept of supply‐side management has been very popular in the 1970s of the twentieth century. The demand‐side management techniques influence the customers to help to reshape the load demand curves.

This article analyzes the load management techniques in great detail. The power company must provide incentives to help customers to modify the load curves. The customers must change their lifestyles to help to implement the load management techniques. Load management techniques make electricity do more by using it better. The important point is that less energy is wasted. Load management techniques could force the utilities to become globally competitive and control the demand and energy consumption.
Gossip and Epidemic Protocols
Authors: Montresor Alberto
Published: August 2017

Agossip protocolis a distributed communication paradigm inspired by the gossip phenomenon that can be observed in social networks. Initially born to efficiently disseminate information, as its human counterpart, it has been later used to solve several other problems, such as failure detection, data aggregation, distributed topology construction, and resource allocation –to name just a few. Gossip protocols tend to be used in contexts where both the scale and the dynamism of the underlying communication network make the adoption of traditional communication protocols highly unpractical. In this article, we first introduce a collection of gossip protocols for information diffusion, and we provide an analytical model to study their performance with respect to speed and quality of the diffusion. We then introduce three representative examples of gossip‐based protocols that solve the most diverse problems, namely, membership management, aggregation, and overlay topology construction.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Microbial Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Chen Guo‐Qiang , Jiang Xiaoran , Yao Hui , Lv Li , Li Tian , Chen Xiangbin
Published: August 2017

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), an increasingly diverse biopolyesters, have been used for various applications including high and low value ones. High value applications include medical implants, drug delivery, and smart materials, whereas low value applications include environmentally friendly packaging materials, biofuels, and matrices for sustainable fertilizer and/or pesticide release. Various technologies have been utilized to tailor PHAs with specific structures and properties. Cost‐effective seawater‐based technology allows PHA production to be conducted in unsterile and continuous conditions using seawater instead of fresh water, which leads to fresh water and energy saving. All these advances have reduced the PHAs production cost significantly. Future PHAs are expected to be more competitive economically and provide additional functionalities for high value applications.
Detection of Jupiter decametric emissions controlled by Europa and Ganymede with Voyager/PRA and Cassini/RPWS
Authors: Louis C. K. , Lamy L. , Zarka P. , Cecconi B. , Hess S. L. G.
Published: August 2017

The Jovian high‐latitude radio emissions produced by Jupiter's magnetosphere extend from a few kilohertz to 40 MHz. Part of the decametric (DAM) emissions are driven by the Galilean moon Io (Io‐DAM). As UV aurorae have been detected at the footprint of Europa and Ganymede, we expect that these moons drive Jovian radio emissions as well. To check this assumption, we used the ExPRES simulation code (Exoplanetary and Planetary Radio Emissions Simulator) to predict dynamic spectrum (time‐frequency spectograms) of the radio emissions controlled by the four Galilean moons. Then we compared the simulations to the Voyager/PRA and Cassini/RPWS radio observations of Jupiter (1979, and between 2000 and 2003, respectively). We present the first clear evidence for the existence of decametric emissions controlled by Europa and Ganymede. Their statistical analysis allows us to describe the average properties of the Europa‐DAM and Ganymede‐DAM emissions such as their spectrum, temporal variability, and occurrence as a function of moon phase and subobserver's longitude.
A data assimilating model for estimating Southern Ocean biogeochemistry
Authors: Verdy A. , Mazloff M. R.
Published: August 2017

A Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate (B‐SOSE) is introduced that includes carbon and oxygen fields as well as nutrient cycles. The state estimate is constrained with observations while maintaining closed budgets and obeying dynamical and thermodynamic balances. Observations from profiling floats, shipboard data, underway measurements, and satellites are used for assimilation. The years 2008–2012 are chosen due to the relative abundance of oxygen observations from Argo floats during this time. The skill of the state estimate at fitting the data is assessed. The agreement is best for fields that are constrained with the most observations, such as surface pCO2 in Drake Passage (44% of the variance captured) and oxygen profiles (over 60% of the variance captured at 200 and 1000 m). The validity of adjoint method optimization for coupled physical‐biogeochemical state estimation is demonstrated with a series of gradient check experiments. The method is shown to be mature and ready to synthesize in situ biogeochemical observations as they become more available. Documenting the B‐SOSE configuration and diagnosing the strengths and weaknesses of the solution informs usage of this product as both a climate baseline and as a way to test hypotheses. Transport of Intermediate Waters across 32°S supplies significant amounts of nitrate to the Atlantic Ocean (5.57 ± 2.94 Tmol yr−1) and Indian Ocean (5.09 ± 3.06 Tmol yr−1), but much less nitrate reaches the Pacific Ocean (1.78 ± 1.91 Tmol yr−1). Estimates of air‐sea carbon dioxide fluxes south of 50°S suggest a mean uptake of 0.18 Pg C/yr for the time period analyzed.
Contemporary Use of Azophenolates and Related Species in the Determination of Metal Cations
Authors: Ponikvar‐Svet Maja , Liebman Joel F.
Published: August 2017

The chapter deals with the contemporary use of azophenolates and related species in the determination of metal ions. Structural variety of azophenolates is discussed. Many of the metals have more than one oxidation state (valence). Only one oxidation state was chosen for each metal (atomic number between 3 and 56) as an example. Principles of the procedures in which azophenolate reagents are used for analytical purposes are described, and important details on individual analytical procedures are listed.
A Repeated Forced‐choice Line‐up Procedure Provides Suspect Bias Information with No Cost to Accuracy for Older Children and Adults
Authors: Bruer Kaila C. , Price Heather L.
Published: August 2017

In two experiments and one follow‐up analysis, we examined the impact of using a repeated forced‐choice (RFC) line‐up procedure with child and adult eyewitnesses. The RFC procedure divides the identification task into a series of exhaustive binary comparisons that produces not only traditional line‐up information (identification decision and confidence) but also information about witness' selection behavior. Experiment 1 revealed that younger children (6‐ to 8‐year‐olds) struggled with the RFC procedure, while older children (9‐ to 11‐year‐olds) performed as well with the RFC procedure as with a simultaneous procedure (with wildcard). Experiment 2 replicated this comparable performance with adults. Witnesses' suspect selection behavior during the RFC was predictive of identification accuracy for older children and adults. A model examined the additional information provided by the RFC in experiments 1 and 2 and provided evidence that witnesses' patterns of responding can be used to estimate suspect selection bias (a proxy for suspect recognition strength) associated with individual line‐up decisions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proangiogenic Activity of Endometrial Epithelial and Stromal Cells in Response to Estradiol in Gelatin Hydrogels
Authors: Pence Jacquelyn C. , Clancy Kathryn B. H. , Harley Brendan A. C.
Published: August 2017

Biomaterial vascularization remains a major focus in the field of tissue engineering. Biomaterial culture of endometrial cells is described as a platform to inform the design of proangiogenic biomaterials. The endometrium undergoes rapid growth and shedding of dense vascular networks during each menstrual cycle mediated via estradiol and progesterone in vivo. Cocultures of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells encapsulated within a methacrylamide‐functionalized gelatin hydrogel are employed. It is reported that proangiogenic gene expression profiles and vascular endothelial growth factor production are hormone dependent in endometrial epithelial cells, but that hormone signals have no effect on human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)‐immortalized endometrial stromal cells. This study subsequently examines whether the magnitude of epithelial cell response is sufficient to induce changes in human umbilical vein endothelial cell network formation. Incorporation of endometrial stromal cells improves vessel formation, but co‐culture with endometrial epithelial cells leads to a decrease in vascular formation, suggesting the need for stratified cocultures of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells with endothelial cells. Given the transience of hormonal signals within 3D biomaterials, the inclusion of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) to alter the bioavailability of estradiol within the hydrogel is reported, demonstrating a strategy to reduce diffusive losses via SHBG‐mediated estradiol sequestration.
Electrical Textile Valves for Paper Microfluidics
Authors: Ainla Alar , Hamedi Mahiar M. , Güder Firat , Whitesides George M.
Published: August 2017

This paper describes electrically‐activated fluidic valves that operate based on electrowetting through textiles. The valves are fabricated from electrically conductive, insulated, hydrophobic textiles, but the concept can be extended to other porous materials. When the valve is closed, the liquid cannot pass through the hydrophobic textile. Upon application of a potential (in the range of 100–1000 V) between the textile and the liquid, the valve opens and the liquid penetrates the textile. These valves actuate in less than 1 s, require low energy (≈27 µJ per actuation), and work with a variety of aqueous solutions, including those with low surface tension and those containing bioanalytes. They are bistable in function, and are, in a sense, the electrofluidic analog of thyristors. They can be integrated into paper microfluidic devices to make circuits that are capable of controlling liquid, including autonomous fluidic timers and fluidic logic.
Copper‐Catalyzed Acyloxycyanation of Alkynes with Acetonitrile: Regioselective Construction of Cyclic Acrylonitriles by 6‐endo or 5‐exo Cyclization
Authors: Zhu Yamin , Shen Zengming
Published: August 2017

An efficient difunctionalization of alkynes by tandem iodolactonization and copper‐catalyzed cyanation using acetonitrile as a cyanating reagent is reported for the first time. This approach can afford cyano‐containing isocoumarin or phthalide derivatives in good yields by careful choice of the carboxylate nucleophiles and electrophilic iodine sources. Thus, an acyloxycyanation strategy can be achieved in good yields and high regioselectivity of either 6‐endo or 5‐exo cyclization products.

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Compact Organic Complementary D‐Type Flip‐Flop Circuits Fabricated with Inkjet Printing
Authors: Hayasaka Kazuma , Matsui Hiroyuki , Takeda Yasunori , Shiwaku Rei , Tanaka Yasuhiro , Shiba Takeo , Kumaki Daisuke , Tokito Shizuo
Published: August 2017

Organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) have received significant consideration in recent years for potential deployment in low‐cost and large‐area printed electronics. D‐type flip‐flop (D‐FF) circuits are one of the most important logic gates for data processing and storage in such applications. Previous work has reported on NAND‐based organic D‐FF circuits. Although the demonstrated printed circuits exhibit low voltage operation at 10 V, each D‐FF circuit requires 34 TFT devices and occupies an area of 192 mm2 per D‐FF circuit. This paper demonstrates inkjet‐printed organic D‐FF circuits with a compact circuit design using clocked inverters and transmission gates and compares the occupied area and the circuit performance with those of NAND‐based organic D‐FF circuits. The compact organic D‐FF circuits require only 18 OTFT devices, and can use 60% less area than NAND‐based organic D‐FF circuits fabricated by the same process. In addition, the compact organic D‐FF circuits exhibit a shorter propagation delay time than the NAND‐based D‐FF circuits. The mechanism for the shortened delay time will be discussed in detail, based on SPICE simulations. These results demonstrate the high potential of these compact organic D‐FF circuits in printable electronics.
Correlating Electrode–Electrolyte Interface and Battery Performance in Hybrid Solid Polymer Electrolyte‐Based Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Pan Qiwei , Barbash Dmitri , Smith Derrick M. , Qi Hao , Gleeson Sarah E. , Li Christopher Y.
Published: August 2017

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are desirable in lithium metal batteries (LMBs) since they are nonflammable and show excellent lithium dendrite growth resistance. However, fabricating high performance polymer LMBs is still a grand challenge because of the complex battery system. In this work, a series of tailor‐designed hybrid SPEs are used to prepare LMBs with a LiFePO4‐based cathode. High performance LMBs with both excellent rate capability and long cycle life are obtained at 60 and 90 °C. The well‐controlled network structure in this series of hybrid SPEs offers a model system to study the relationship between the SPE properties and the LMB performance. It is shown that the cycle life of the polymer LMBs is closely correlated with the SPE–Li interface ionic conductivity, underscoring the importance of the solid electrolyte interface in LMB operation. LMB performance is further correlated with the molecular network structure. It is anticipated that results from this study will shed light on designing SPEs for high performance LMB applications.
Redoxneutrale Mangan(I)‐katalysierte C‐H‐Aktivierung: regioselektive Anellierung mithilfe einer spurlosen dirigierenden Gruppe
Authors: Lu Qingquan , Greßies Steffen , Cembellín Sara , Klauck Felix J. R. , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank
Published: August 2017

Eine Strategie, die spurlose dirigierende Gruppen (SDGs) zur redoxneutralen MnI‐katalysierten regioselektiven Synthese von N‐Heterocyclen verwendet, wird vorgestellt. Alkine als Kupplungspartner, die eine spurlose dirigierende Gruppe tragen, die sowohl zur Chelatisierung als auch als internes Oxidationsmittel fungiert, wurden zur Kontrolle der Regioselektivität der Anellierungsreaktionen eingesetzt. Dieser neuartige Ansatz ermöglicht die Verwendung von bisher anspruchsvollen unsymmetrischen Alkinen, einschließlich zweifach Alkyl‐substituierter Alkine, mit perfekter Regioselektivität. Die einfachen Reaktionsbedingungen und der gezeigte Gramm‐Maßstab unterstreichen die Nützlichkeit dieser Methode. Die Anwendung dieser Strategie wurde durch die Synthese der bioaktiven Verbindung PK11209 und des Naturstoffes Moxaverin gezeigt.
Redox‐Neutral Manganese(I)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation: Traceless Directing Group Enabled Regioselective Annulation
Authors: Lu Qingquan , Greßies Steffen , Cembellín Sara , Klauck Felix J. R. , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank
Published: August 2017

A strategy is reported in which traceless directing groups (TDGs) are used to promote the redox‐neutral MnI‐catalyzed regioselective synthesis of N‐heterocycles. Alkyne coupling partners bearing a traceless directing group, which serves as both the chelator and internal oxidant, were used to control the regioselectivity of the annulation reactions. This operationally simple approach is highly effective with previously challenging unsymmetrical alkyne systems, including unbiased dialkyl alkynes, with perfect regioselectivity. The simple conditions and the ability to carry out synthesis on a gram scale underscore the usefulness of this method. The application of this strategy in the concise synthesis of the bioactive compound PK11209 and the pharmaceutical moxaverine is also described.
Leben im Rotlichtmilieu
Authors: Tetsch Larissa
Published: August 2017

Unterhalb einer Tiefe von etwa zehn Metern ist das Wasser frei von rotem Licht. Viele Fische können jedoch blaues Licht in rotes umwandeln und diese Rotfluoreszenz für verschiedene Zwecke nutzen. So ermöglicht sie die Kommunikation auf kurze Entfernungen und dient bei Arten mit Sexualdimorphismus zur Partnerwahl. Ansitzräuber tarnen sich mit einem gefleckten Fluoreszenzmuster vor dem Untergrund und kleine freischwimmende Raubfische nutzen das Rotlicht ihrer Iris für das Aufspüren von Beute.
Self‐Cyclizing Antioxidants to Prevent DNA Damage Caused by Hydroxyl Radical
Authors: AbdulSalam Safnas F. , Gurjar Purujit N. , Zhu Haizhou , Liu Jing , Johnson Emma S. , Kadekaro Ana Luisa , Landero‐Figueroa Julio , Merino Edward J.
Published: August 2017

Antioxidant therapy is a promising treatment strategy for protecting DNA from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we report new self‐cyclizing antioxidant reagents that are selective for the hydroxyl radical. Our mechanistic investigation revealed that the reagents react with three equivalents of oxidant in a cascade reaction to form a bicyclic final product. Among the reagents synthesized, 1 c showed favorable properties in vitro and in cellular studies. Using As2O3, which triggers ROS production, we showed that 1 c prevents formation of the guanine oxidation product 2,2,4‐triamino‐2H‐oxazol‐5‐one‐2′‐deoxyribonucleoside and lowers cellular levels of reactive oxygen. The described self‐cyclizing antioxidants are efficient, flexible, and tunable reagents with the potential to limit toxic oxidative stress.
Central nervous system Tuberculosis in a man from Cambodia with worsening headaches
Authors: Krauth Daniel S. , Stone‐Garza Kristi K. , Amaro Deirdre E. , Reed Sharon L. , Katsivas Theodoros F.
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical Message

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis should be considered in patients from endemic nations with worsening neurological symptoms. If imaging reveals possible CNS tuberculomas, potentially life‐threatening lesions should be excised and analyzed. When disease is less severe, other tissues possibly infected should be biopsied first for diagnosis to avoid neurosurgery.
123I‐BMIPP single‐photon emission computed tomography for diagnosing chest pain in patients with nonobstructive coronary angiograms: Takotsubo or vasospasm?
Authors: Seko Yuta , Sasaki Kenichi , Kato Takao , Inoko Moriaki
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical Message

The decreased 123I‐BMIPP uptake, while having normal perfusion, in the correspondent coronary artery territory is caused by a delayed metabolic recovery after the recovery of perfusion. This phenomenon termed ischemic memory can clearly differentiate vasospastic angina from other chest pain syndromes.
Late onset of unilateral optic disk edema secondary to treatment with imatinib mesylate
Authors: Napolitano Mariasanta , Santoro Marco , Mancuso Salvatrice , Carlisi Melania , Raso Simona , Tarantino Giuseppe , Accurso Vincenzo , Siragusa Sergio
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical Message

Prompt ophthalmology evaluation and immediate imatinib suspension should be suggested at any time of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in patients with visual deficit, as it may be a clinical manifestation of optic disk edema, and suspension may help in prompt recovery.
Theoretical Studies on the Charging and Discharging of Poly(acrylonitrile)‐Based Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhu Tianwei , Mueller Jonathan E. , Hanauer Matthias , Sauter Ulrich , Jacob Timo
Published: August 2017

Based on a previous study where key structural motifs of poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) and sulfur/PAN (SPAN) were identified and their energies evaluated by using density functional theory, here plausible mechanisms for battery charging and discharging at a SPAN cathode were identified. Based on a simplified model for battery operation, we find that discharging the battery involves the formation of lithium polysulfide intermediates and the reductive adsorption of Li+ ions onto SnPAN. In both discharging and charging, Li atoms preferentially coordinate with N atoms on the backbone, leading to strong Li‐SnPAN adsorption energies. Furthermore, we found that spatially separating a dissociated SnLi fragment from the backbone is difficult, providing a plausible explanation for the ability of a SPAN cathode to hinder polysulfides from diffusing to the cathode, leading to a reduction of the polysulfide shuttle mechanism.
Directing Nanostructure Formation of Gold through the In Situ Underpotential Deposition of a Secondary Metal for the Detection of Nitrite Ions
Authors: Lertanantawong Benchaporn , Hoshyargar Faegheh , O'Mullane Anthony P.
Published: August 2017

In this work, the underpotential deposition of metals such as copper and lead during the electrochemical deposition of gold is investigated to understand the influence that the incorporation of a second metal has on the morphology of gold nanostructures. The incorporation of Pb or Cu, even at concentrations as low as 0.2 %, significantly influences the morphology of the deposit, where the formation of elongated structures from a central gold structure is favored. These nanostructures are characterized by cyclic voltammetry, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and are tested for their suitability as a sensing layer for the electrochemical detection of nitrite ions in aqueous solution. A limit of detection of 0.3 μM is achieved with a linear range up to 1 mM, which is adequate for the determination of nitrite contained within food products.
In‐Situ Fabrication of MOF‐Derived Co−Co Layered Double Hydroxide Hollow Nanocages/Graphene Composite: A Novel Electrode Material with Superior Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Bai Xue , Liu Jingyuan , Liu Qi , Chen Rongrong , Jing Xiaoyan , Li Bin , Wang Jun
Published: August 2017

Rational design of a transition metal layered double hydroxide (LDH) and graphene composite is vitally important for designing high‐performance supercapacitor electrodes. Although various methods are performed, the realization of high‐performance is still impeded by the agglomeration of graphene and layered double hydroxide. Here, metal–organic framework derived cobalt–cobalt layered double hydroxide (Co−Co LDH) hollow nanocages, uniformly deposited on graphene nanosheets, are fabricated through facile in situ co‐deposition and thermal ion‐exchange reaction. Electrochemical investigation reveals that Co−Co LDH/15 mg graphene is rather outstanding, which delivers high specific capacitance of 1205 F g−1, excellent rate capability (60.3 % capacitance retention is obtained after the current density increased 6.67 times), and cycling stability. The excellent performance of electrode is also confirmed by assembling an asymmetric supercapacitor, which delivers high energy density of 49.5 Wh kg−1 as well as the maximum power density of 7000 W kg−1. The Co−Co LDH/graphene composite proves a promising concept for constructing hierarchical structure materials in the future.
Design and Fabrication of Temperature‐Sensitive Nanogels with Controlled Drug Release Properties for Enhanced Photothermal Sterilization
Authors: Li Luoyuan , Fu Limin , Ai Xicheng , Zhang Jianping , Zhou Jing
Published: August 2017

For better removal of excessive free radicals and harmful bacteria from the human body, the development of synergistic antioxidant and antibacterial agents is urgently required. Herein, we designed novel temperature‐sensitive, curcumin (Cur)‐loaded nanogels for the application of scavenging reactive oxygen species and killing pathogenic bacteria. Photothermal sterilization, different from traditional antibiotics, is a promising and effective treatment for pathogenic bacterial infection. The nanogels were fabricated by using poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (a temperature‐sensitive hydrogel) to encapsulate poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles (photothermal agents) and Cur through a reformative precipitation polymerization. When triggered by near‐IR light, the Cur‐loaded nanogels exhibited high (56.8 %), and excellent temperature‐sensitive effects. Moreover, the light‐induced temperature increase can also weaken the interaction between the networks of PNIPAAm and Cur, to show excellent antioxidant and antibacterial performance (90 % cell death) of the nanogels.
Diagnosing the Internal Architecture of Zeolite Ferrierite
Authors: Schmidt Joel E. , Hendriks Frank C. , Lutz Martin , Post L. Christiaan , Fu Donglong , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: August 2017

Large crystals of zeolite ferrierite (FER) are important model systems for spatially resolved catalysis and diffusion studies, though there is considerable variation in crystal habit depending on the chemical composition and employed synthesis conditions. A synergistic combination of techniques has been applied, including single crystal X‐ray diffraction, high‐temperature in situ confocal fluorescence microscopy, fluorescent probe molecules, wide‐field microscopy and atomic force microscopy to unravel the internal architecture of three distinct FER zeolites. Pyrolyzed template species can be used as markers for the 8‐membered ring direction as they are trapped in the terraced roof of the FER crystals. This happens as the materials grow in a layer‐by‐layer, defect‐free manner normal to the large crystal surface, and leads to a facile method to diagnose the pore system orientation, which avoids tedious single crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments.
Influence of electron energy distribution on helium recombining plasma diagnostics using line emissions
Authors: Takahashi H. , Okamoto A. , Kitajima S. , Kobayashi T. , Boonyarittipong P. , Miura T. , Nakamura D. , Kon J. , Saikyo T. , Tanaka Y. , Goto M.
Published: August 2017

The influence of electron energy distribution on helium recombining plasma diagnostics is investigated using a helium collisional‐radiative model. The population densities of excited helium atoms are calculated for Maxwellian and non‐Maxwellian distribution plasma cases. In the case of the Maxwellian distribution plasma, the electron temperature and electron density determined by the Boltzmann plot method agree well with the input plasma parameters. On the other hand, it is indicated that the electron temperature and electron density are significantly underestimated in the bi‐Maxwellian distribution plasma case, even though the density of the hot electron components is three orders smaller than that of the bulk electrons. This result indicates that in a non‐Maxwellian helium recombining plasma, evaluation of the particle balance based on line emissions from excited helium atoms would be difficult because the reaction rate of atomic and molecular processes is strongly dependent on the electron temperature and density.
Different localizations of drugs simultaneously administered in a strand of hair by micro‐segmental analysis
Authors: Kuwayama Kenji , Miyaguchi Hajime , Iwata Yuko T. , Kanamori Tatsuyuki , Tsujikawa Kenji , Yamamuro Tadashi , Segawa Hiroki , Inoue Hiroyuki
Published: August 2017

Segmental hair analysis is used to estimate the time of drug intake at monthly precision in drug‐related crimes. Previously, we advanced this analytical method to specify the day of drug intake by cutting a strand of hair into 0.4‐mm segments, which correspond to daily hair growth. Herein, we investigated the distributions of 7 compounds in a strand of hair using micro‐segmental analysis. Several strands of hair were collected 33.1−229.4 days after subjects were administered 4 pharmaceutical products that contained 10 drugs in single doses within 32 hours. The administered drugs and resulting metabolites were extracted from 0.4‐mm hair segments and quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Acidic and neutral compounds were detected at low amounts in any of the hair segments analyzed. Epinastine, fexofenadine, dihydrocodeine, chlorpheniramine, and the chlorpheniramine metabolite, desmethylchlorpheniramine each was localized to 2 regions within a strand of hair. By contrast, methylephedrine and its metabolite, ephedrine, each was localized to only a region. Among 20 individual strands of hair associated with different subjects and head regions, few differences in the shapes of drug concentration–hair segment curves for each compound were detected. Our data indicated that 2 mechanisms for drug uptake into hair can operate depending on drug properties and that co‐administered drugs can be localized to different regions in a strand of hair. Micro‐segmental analysis may aid in the identification of the day of drug intake and help to elucidate the mechanisms of drug uptake into hair.