bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satellite remote sensing of UK embankment dams: influence of dam features on monitoring quality
Authors: Shire Tom , Lawrence James , Agar Stewart , Ghail Richard , Judge Tony
Published: December 2022

Radar interferometry (interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)) is a satellite remote sensing technique, which offers deformation monitoring at frequent intervals with sub-centimetre accuracy. The most popular form of InSAR monitoring for infrastructure is persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI). This relies on the identification of persistent scatterers: permanent, rigid objects which can reliably backscatter a signal to the satellite receiver. As the typical UK embankment dam has grassed slopes, the majority of persistent scatterers are detected at hard infrastructure located at the dam crest. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of dam features on persistent scatterer detection and quality at Scottish Water embankment dams. Following a case study in which PSI can be shown to detect dam deformation associated with an extreme climate event (the summer 2018 heatwave), statistics from 17 Scottish embankment dams are used to determine which dam features lead to the best-quality PSI results. The type of wave protection at the crest of a dam is the biggest influence, whereas the presence of an asphalt-surfaced crest road is shown to have a surprisingly limited effect on persistent scatterer quality.
Characterisation of interface friction strain-rate dependency of soft sediments at low stresses using a ring penetrometer
Authors: Singh Vikram , Mohr Henning , Stanier Sam , Bienen Britta , Randolph Mark F.
Published: December 2022

The ring penetrometer is a shallow rotational penetrometer that has been developed to characterise the mechanical behaviour of surficial marine sediments. The strain-rate dependency of soils is crucial to the design of a wide range of offshore geotechnical infrastructure founded in the upper layers of the seabed (e.g. pipelines, cables and shallow foundations). This paper explores the potential application of a ring penetrometer test to measure the strain-rate dependency of the interface friction generated in soft soils at low stresses. Large-deformation numerical models of the test are developed using an elastoplastic constitutive model and a viscoplastic variant with strain softening. Using parameters representative of kaolin clay and a calcareous silt from an offshore location, the numerical analyses demonstrate a clear and measurable influence of both the viscous and strain-softening behaviours on the device–soil interface friction. These simulations were used to design suitable experimental protocols for multi-rate ring penetrometer tests, the results of which yielded a strain-rate dependency of 9–16% and 22–26% per log cycle in the kaolin clay and calcareous silt, respectively, which compare favourably with measurements derived from T-bar twitch experiments. Finally, models are presented that can be applied in the interpretation of varying-rate ring penetrometer test data for application in practice.
Mechanism of wave-induced flow in reshaping breakwaters
Authors: Rahmani Abbasali , Moghim Mohammad Navid , Chamani Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2022

The aim of this work was to investigate the reshaping mechanisms of a reshaping berm breakwater (BB) by assessing the results of a two-dimensional numerical model in OpenFoam. The flow inside and outside the breakwater was numerically simulated. The initial and reshaped form of the breakwater was modelled using the Darcy–Forchheimer equation and k–ϵ closure model. The numerical model was calibrated with and validated against experimental data of wave-induced pressure and water-level fluctuations inside and outside the breakwater. Both the initial and reshaped BB were evaluated for calibration and validation processes. The results show that the minimum run-down level on the breakwater slope is a critical area for armour instability due to outward driving forces caused by the critically synchronised outward flow and excess pressure gradient. Moreover, parallel downward flow occurs during a wave run-down, which can push the displaced armour down the slope. After reshaping, the breakwater profile has a milder slope than the initial profile, and the outward forces due to the excess pressure gradient are reduced to less than one-half of their initial amount, a result of the change in breaker type. Accordingly, the reshaped profile is modified to harmonise with the new flow field conditions.
THE LANGUAGE OF REGULATORY LEGAL ACTS: IS IT TIME TO SOUND THE ALARM?
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Knutov A. V. , Chaplinsky A. V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Alimpeev D. R. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: December 2022

Introduction: the article describes the experience of assessing the readability of regulatory legal acts by analyzing the complexity of syntactic constructions used in the texts. According to the subjective perception, normative texts become more complicated from year to year, which makes it difficult to interpret them and understand the legal meaning. Purpose: to test this hypothesis based on metrics and, if confirmed, to formulate recommendations for simplification of legal texts. For this, the authors studied the methods used in Russia and across the world to assess the complexity of official texts and to simplify them. Methods: having not found suitable tools for assessing the readability of syntactically overburdened texts of regulatory legal acts, the authors applied their own assessment methodology based on machine analysis of syntax indicators. The investigation was conducted in relation to specially prepared corpora of texts: 12 corpora of all federal laws effective on different dates and a corpus of 3,390 by-laws. The study also compared the syntactic complexity of regulatory legal acts and texts of other categories (fiction, articles in the media, etc.). Results: the study proves that the degree of syntactic complexity of legal texts is significantly higher than that of texts of other styles; moreover, it increases with time. For example, federal regulations being in effect at the end of 2021 are by 33% more complex than those in force in 1991. Conclusions: the modern language of regulatory legal acts is excessively complicated. As a rule, the same content can be presented in a simpler manner. The review of the literature showed that the growing complexity of legal texts is a vital issue to address not only in Russia. To overcome the existing negative practice, administrative measures are required, such as the preparation of recommendations for the texts of draft regulatory legal acts and the expansion of the subject of linguistic assessment that such texts undergo.
THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN LABOR RELATIONS: THEORETICAL PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION
Authors:   Perm State University, Shuraleva S. V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: the article is devoted to research on the right to privacy in labor relations. Purpose: to analyze the current regulation of the right to privacy in Russian labor law, to explore the approaches that have developed in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter – ECtHR) and in the doctrine, to propose directions for improving labor legislation in terms of the right to privacy. Methods: general, general scientific methods; special scientific methods (system-structural, formal-legal, comparative-legal).Results: the right to privacy (to respect for private and family life, home, and correspondence) is generally recognized and is contained both in international acts and in regional (interregional, subregional) conventions and declarations. In the absence of definitions of private life and privacy in international documents and Russian legislation, of particular importance is how these concepts are interpreted by national and international courts. In contrast to the definitions of private life and privacy given by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the ECtHR considers professional activity to be part of private life since it allows people to build communication with the outside world. Analysis of the ECtHR decisions on the complaints of employees about the violation of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights reveals the most typical violations of the right to respect for private and family life in the workplace in the practice of the ECtHR, and also indicates the increasing urgency of this issue. Despite Russia's withdrawal from the Council of Europe, it is advisable to take into account the legal positions of the ECtHR, along with its legal doctrine, when preparing proposals for amending and supplementing labor legislation. Noting the insufficiency of the current labor law regulation with regard to privacy, the paper explores the theoretical aspects of personal non-property labor rights and the right to privacy in labor relations, outlines the possible directions for improving labor legislation. Conclusions: the author notes development of the employee’s right to privacy, supplemented with the right to disconnect; it is expedient to include the right to privacy in the list of basic rights of employees in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, while establishing the corresponding obligation of the employer. Since the right to privacy is realized not only in labor relations but also in some other, directly related, legal relations, it is proposed, taking into account the terminology of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, to supplement the list of basic principles provided in Article 2 of the Labor Code with the principle of ensuring privacy in labor and other directly associated relations.
Factors of Interethnic Tension in the Regions of Russia
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Mukhametov Ruslan S.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: the study of ethnic conflicts in Russia is one of the most popular research areas. Research reviews show that many authors seek to define the determinants of interethnic conflict in the subjects of the Russian Federation and to understand what causes the regional differentiation in interethnic tension. Objectives: to find an answer to the question of why the interethnic tension is high in some Russian regions and low in others. Methods: several theoretical and methodological approaches to the explanation of interethnic conflicts have been considered. Based on the theoretical approaches existing in sociology and political science, the author formulates working hypotheses and checks them empirically using the regression analysis method. The information base of the research was made up of data from Rosstat, the Rating of Regional Democracy by the Carnegie Moscow Center, the “Grapes of Wrath” Rating of Interethnic Tension in the Russian Regions. Results: a considerable ethnic patchiness leads to an increase in interethnic tension. It has been shown that a positive relationship exists between economic crisis and interethnic conflict. Statistical calculations have demonstrated that the growth in regional democracy is accompanied by the increase in interethnic tensions. Conclusions: the research results made it possible for the author to identify the regional interethnic tension determiners, resulting in around 30 % of all the cases. This brings about the necessity to further use the qualitative methods of data analysis and case-study research.
Protocol for evaluating the in vitro effect of violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 410 nm ± 10 nm on yeast cultures
Authors: Ribeiro Rachel Trinchão Schneiberg Kalid , Santos Élissa da Silva , Mascarenhas Rita Elizabeth Moreira , Mancini Marília Wellichan , Almeida-Lopes Luciana , Barros Tânia Fraga , Regis Carlos Gustavo , Silva Jacqueline de Jesus , Moreira Diogo Rodrigo de Magalhães , Dantas Daniel Oliveira , Andrade Beatriz Trinchão , Gomes Jéssica Mirella de Souza , Dias Cristiane Maria Carvalho Costa , Grassi Maria Fernanda Rios
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Candida spp and Malassezia spp cause superficial infections that may be resistant to conventional treatments. Violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) therapy is a therapeutic alternative. PURPOSE: To describe the protocol for evaluating the antifungal effect of violet LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm on Candida spp and Malassezia spp in vitro. PROTOCOL: LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm are applied to a fungal suspension at fluences of 61.13 J/cm2, 91.70 J/cm2, and 183.39 J/cm2. The isolates are cultured for 48 to 72 hours. Colony forming units (CFUs) are quantified by visual counting and percent culture plate occupancy by digital analysis. Morphology is assessed by light microscopy and Gram staining, and yeast metabolism/function by transmission electron microscopy, assessment of reactive oxygen species, and DNA fragmentation. DATA ANALYSIS: the percentage of LEDs inhibition is calculated considering the growth of the negative control condition and the percentage of plate occupancy by yeasts by dividing the number of pixels classified as colonies by the total number of pixels on the plate. The morphological and functional aspects are described for the intervention and negative control. The ANOVA test is used to compare the mean percentages of growth inhibition and plate occupancy between the three fluences of LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm and the negative control. ESTIMATED RESULTS: We intend to determine the antifungal effect of the different fluences of LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm on Candida spp and Malassezia spp. The evaluation of other fungal species by this protocol should be investigated.
Extracting Factual Information about the Pandemic from Open Internet Sources
Authors: Akulinina E.Yu. , Karmanov A.L. , Teplykh N.A. , Vlasov V.V. , Baluta V.I. , Varykhanov S.S. , Karandeev A.A. , Osipov V.P. , Rykov Yu.G. , Chetverushkin B.N.
Published: December 2022

A large number of different source data is needed for multi-agent models of the spread of infectious diseases. Most of them are not directly accessible. Therefore, one of the key problems to design such models is the development of tools for obtaining data from various sources. This article presents approaches that allow to extract the values of the parameters of the functioning of the simulated society and statistical data on the development of the pandemic from text messages published in the Internet. The proposed method and software implementation provide intelligent search of open source information in the Internet and process of unstructured data. The data collected this way used to set up parameters of mathematical model, which provides ability to study various scenarios and predict progress of the epidemic in concrete regions. The emphasis of the proposed approach is placed on two main technologies. The first is the use of regular expressions. The second is analysis using machine learning methods. The use of the regular expression method allows for high-speed text processing, but its applicability is limited by a strong dependence on the context. Machine learning allows to adapt the information context of the message, but at the same time there is a relatively large amount of time spent on analysis. To improve the accuracy of the analysis and to level the shortcomings of each of these approaches, ways of combining these technologies are proposed. The article presents the obtained results of optimization of algorithms for obtaining the necessary data.
Calcium and vitamin D supplements for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Should it be widely used?
Authors: Kaminarskaya Yuliya A.
Published: December 2022

Osteoporosis is the most common age-related skeletal diseases, which is characterized by the rapid loss of bone mineral density and increased risk of fragility fractures. The social significance of osteoporosis is attributed to its complications, which increase disability and mortality rates mostly among older people. Inadequate dietary calcium intake and vitamin D deficiency are well-known risk factors for osteoporosis. Thus, for many years, calcium and vitamin D have been considered crucial in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. However, in recent years, the efficacy and safety of calcium and vitamin D have been questioned because some randomized clinical trials have reported only a weak positive effect of calcium with or without vitamin on reducing fragility fracture risks. On the contrary, besides the gastrointestinal side effects of calcium supplements and the risk of kidney stones related to the co-administration of calcium and vitamin D supplements, other recent data suggested that calcium supplementation has potential adverse cardiovascular effects. This study focused on the evidence regarding the possible usefulness for bone health and the potential harmful effects of calcium and/or calcium with vitamin D supplementation.
Study of Physical-Chemical Characteristics of Discharge Wastewater in Lepenc Basin
Authors:   the Faculty of Food Technology at University “Isa Boletini”, Mitrovica, Albania, Hajrizi Faruk , Aliu Mehush
Published: December 2022

Pollution caused by the discharge of wastewater into the Lepenc river basin is diverse and directly affects the quality of life of the inhabitants of this area. This paper aims to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of pollution from wastewater discharges, build the water balance of the entire basin, and identify the risk to human life due to lack of drinking water. From the hydrological point of view, the Lepenc river basin is divided into sub-basins, and the results obtained by experimental measurements show that wastewater pollution varies from one sub-basin to another and depends on the amount and origin of wastewater. Combined analysis of the available amount of water and the need for clean water, which is based on parameters that are out of the water balance below the water stress limit, the need for wastewater treatment is a necessity and that continuous water discharge of contaminants in the water basin is unacceptable or in other words very dangerous. The results showed that some analyzed parameters are outside the acceptable limits for drinking water such as TSS with values above 75 mg/L, BOD5 with values up to 9.42 mg/L, NH+4 up to 9.48 mg/L, and PO3-4 up to 1.76 mg/L. On the other hand, the waters of the Lepenci river basin had low heavy metal pollution during the observed period. Therefore, routine monitoring of wastewater in the Lepenc Basin is recommended to prevent the risk of pollution of the basin.
Impact of Polluting Sources on Physico-Chemical Properties and Content of Heavy Metals in the Waters of the Morava e Binçës River — Kosovo
Authors:   University ―Isa Boletini‖, Faculty of Food Technology, Mitrovice, Kosovo, Sadiku Milaim , Kadriu Sadija
Published: December 2022

The problem of providing an adequate supply and supply of drinking water and other necessary water, today more than ever is a global concern because climate change caused by environmental pollution not only has reduced water reserves but has also contributed to the degradation of aquatic biodiversity. Care for the preservation of surface water directly affects the preservation of groundwater quality. Therefore, such a thing has motivated us to explore the water quality of Morava e Binçës, a river that flows and refreshes the northeastern part of Kosovo. To have an accurate assessment, of the quality of river waters, in the research area, we have targeted four monitoring points (S1, S2, S3, and S4), and we are based on some standard ISO and EPA methods, which correspond to the quality of surface waters. The results have shown that during the four seasons of the year, we have encountered Physico-chemical pollution at all monitoring points, but more prominent excesses have resulted during the summer and autumn at the S4 sampling site with COD (159.8mg/L) and BOD5 (64.5 mg/L). While we encountered more pronounced excesses with heavy metals in the summer season in S4 with Mn (0.052mg/L), while in the fall, in S3 with Cd (0.090mg/L). Such pollution has occurred as a consequence of urban and industrial discharges; the use of chemicals in agricultural lands and the presence of the regional doping with the urban waste of Gjilan, located not far from the banks of this river categorizes these waters as poor ecological status.
The Effects of Porous Baffles on the Hydraulic Performance of Sediment Retention Ponds — A Numerical Modelling Study
Authors:   the School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK, Guo Mingqi , Goodarzi Danial , Borzooei Sina , Pearson Jonathan , Abolfathi Soroush
Published: December 2022

This study develops a numerical model for investigating the hydraulic characteristics of a retention pond with porous baffles. The numerical model is developed using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) with k-εturbulence closure model. The model is successfully validated using physical modelling measurements. The proposed model is used to investigate the key mechanisms that govern and influence the hydraulic efficiency of retention ponds with porous baffles. Three configurations with varying numbers and locations of baffles are simulated. The numerical results are analyzed by comparison of velocity fields, tracer transport patterns, and associated residence time distributions (RTDs) across all the simulation scenarios. It was found that the porous baffles effectively improve hydraulic performance by creating uniform flow distribution and dissipating the flow energy, thereby avoiding dead zones and mitigating short-circuiting. Results show that the location of the first baffle plays a critical role in the flow momentum dissipation. Carefully considerations are required to determine the optimal number and positions of baffles in a specific system. The numerical RTDs are in good agreement with the physical modelling data, confirming the positive contribution of porous baffles to the overall hydraulic performance of the pond by extending the average tracer residence time.
Treatment of Olive Mill Waste Water by Adsorption on Hydroxyapatite-Sodium Alginate Composite
Authors:   Laboratory of Chemical Processes and Applied Materials (LPCMA), Polydisciplinary Faculty of Béni-Mellal University Sultan Moulay Slimane, BP 592, 23000 Béni-Mellal, Morocco, Benaddi Rabia , Bouriqi Abdelillah , Aziz Faissal , El harfi Khalifa , Ouazzani Naaila
Published: December 2022

The olive sector and in particular that of the extraction of olive oil requires large quantities of water, therefore obtaining olive oil generates two by-products, one liquid (OMWW) and the other solid (pomace). The OMWW are the aqueous phase resulting from the crushing of olives, causing worrying environmental problems in particular that it contains large quantities of organic compounds especially phenols compounds which cause many environmental problems such as water pollution. Therefore, the treatment of OMWW is very necessary. The purpose of this work was the investigation of the efficiency of hydroxyapatite-Sodium alginate composite for the adsorption of phenolic compounds, which are contained in OMMW. It showed promising results in reducing the phenol compounds and organic matter by 60% and 64% respectively and the reduction of Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol by 100% and 38% respectively, which are the most predominant polyphenols in OMWW. For second cycle of adsorption-desorption, the adsorbent lost slightly its adsorption capacity, reduction rate of phenol compounds and organic matter pass from 64% and 60% to 45% and 50% respectively.
Immobilized Algae for Produced Water Treatment and Desalination
Authors:   UAE University, UAE, Nadersha Shibin , Hassan Ashraf Aly
Published: December 2022

Produced water (PW) is the effluent generated during oil mining and extraction. On average, for every barrel of oil, 4-5 barrels of PW are generated worldwide. The presence of various contaminants in PW makes it toxic. Disposal of untreated PW into oceans and water bodies can cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. Taking into account the large volumes of it being generated, and its effects on the environment, proper treatment is required before reuse or disposal. Microalgal treatment is an effective method for the bioremediation and biodesalination of produced water when acclimatized algal biomass is used for the treatment. However, harvesting this acclimatized high-value algal biomass for reuse and recycling, and the reuse or disposal of produced water is challenging. Thus, the immobilization of microalgae into polymer matrices will be beneficial in solving both problems. Different polymers, both natural and synthetic are used as matrices for immobilizing cells. In this study, experiments were done with alginate and chitosan matrices to immobilize algae. Microalgae enriched and grown in wastewater were acclimatized to three different produced water samples by progressive adaptation in a steadily increasing ratio of produced water. The algae which could adapt and grow in the highest ratio in minimum time were immobilized and used for bioremediation of produced water. The study also evaluated the stability of the matrix in produced water and the treatment efficiency. The results of the study led to the conclusion that produced water is highly toxic for the stability of alginate and chitosan matrices. A more stable matrix has to be determined and experimented with for immobilizing algae and treatment of produced water.
Mobile Application Smartphone: Does It Improve the 21st Century’s Competence of Vocational School Students?
Authors:   Graduate Program of Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Setuju  , Triyono Bruri , Muhtadi Ali , Widowati Asri
Published: December 2022

Gadgets or smartphones have become primary needs for everyone, especially students and teachers during online learning. These devices provide helps in searching for unlimited learning resources. However, there are only few which provide vocational learning resources. As a solution to this problem, it is important to study and develop mobile application-based media to improve students’ competence. The product was developed using the ADDIE model and was tested on students and teachers at a vocational school in Yogyakarta. The results indicate that Android-based mobile media is very feasible. The empirical testing result also shows that the developed product can promote 21st century’s competence.
A Case Study of Virtual Anatomy Museum: Facilitating Student Engagement and Self-paced Learning through an Interactive Platform
Authors:   the Taylor‟s University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia, Yow Hui-Yin
Published: December 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, digitalization of teaching and learning has been forced to be in place for effective remote and online education. Most learning platforms offer teacher-centered pedagogy and limited opportunities for self-paced learning. This project used Gather. Town, which is an online proximity-based video-conferencing platform with an ability to allow student interactions and self-paced learning. This case study aimed to evaluate Year 1 pharmacy students’ experiences and perceptions in learning through the virtual anatomy museum visit. The virtual anatomy museum was developed via Gather.Town and introduced to Year 1 pharmacy students from Taylor’s University, Malaysia enrolled in Human Anatomy and Physiology module in the August 2021 semester. Student experiences and feedback were collected using a self-administered questionnaire by using universal sampling. A total of 61 pharmacy students participated with a response rate of 93.9%. The majority of the students (82.0%) actively participated during the virtual visit. More than half of the students (52.5%) enjoyed the self-guided visit at their own pace and this was significantly associated with their pre-university education. The majority of students enjoyed (93.4%) and felt motivated (77.0%) during the virtual visit. From students’ qualitative responses, they found that the virtual museum provides a real-world environment with a self-paced learning mode, which helped them understand better in anatomy lectures. This study highlighted the implementation of virtual anatomy visit with Gather.Town platform that enhanced the students’ visit experience in terms of their engagement with self-paced learning. It could be used as an alternative platform for students in visit-based learning.
Role of the Learning Management System in Resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   the Department of Mass Communication, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar, Eissa Eiman
Published: December 2022

This study offers an analytical portrayal of the resilience that learning management systems (LMSs) provide to higher education institutions. It analyzes the previous literature on various educational settings during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify the LMS adoption process, followed by a focus on Qatar University’s adoption of Blackboard and how this offered a smooth transition to online and blended learning during the pandemic. The main purpose of this research is to provide an overview of how the effective adoption of a LMS by higher education institutions can enhance the resilience of the teaching-learning process in a changing educational landscape. A qualitative case study is conducted to present the process Qatar University went through to adopt Blackboard in its educational system, followed by an examination of the impact of this adoption on resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. This case study is conducted through a qualitative content analysis of the resources available on the official Qatar University website, including information from the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning (CETL) and Student Learning Support Center (SLSC), other sources on the website such as newsletters and announcements, and datasets provided by CETL. The research employs the theory of diffusion of innovation to evaluate the effectiveness of the adoption of Blackboard. The value of this paper lies in establishing a link between the LMS adoption process and its role in overcoming academic disturbances. The limitations and recommendations are considered.
A Comparative Study of Current Conditions in Leisure Time of Secondary Students
Authors:   King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand, Ketkham Sirichot , Suamuang Wuttiporn , Suksakulchai Surachai
Published: December 2022

Leisure time is limited, and spending valuable leisure time can affect self-improvement and improve students’ quality of life. However, leisure time management varies by grade level and leisure hours. Accordingly, the current study aimed to explore the effect of grade levels and leisure hours on leisure time management. Moreover, this study compared to time spent on leisure and enforced leisure activities between school days and weekends. The participant included 398 high school students selected by stratified random sampling. A self-report survey adapted from previous studies was employed to explore leisure hours and enforced leisure and leisure time management. The reliability of the survey was acceptable. The results using ANOVA found that goal and priority setting differed by grade level. Students in higher grade levels had more goal and priority setting than those in lower grade levels. Furthermore, there was a difference in leisure hours in leisure time management. Students with lower leisure time were likely to possess higher leisure time management. The current findings further revealed that time spent on leisure and enforced leisure activities differed between school days and weekends. Students engaged in leisure and enforced leisure activities on weekends more than on school days. These results provide insight for instructors or teachers to support students’ behaviors in their free time.
What We Learn in Later Life? Policy, Practice, and Future in China
Authors:   Lanzhou Jiaotong University, School of Marxism, Gansu, China, Dai Jinglin
Published: December 2022

Population aging has been a global phenomenon. In 2050 it is expected that one in six people will be aged 65 years or over in the world. With a large population, China chooses to implement the elderly education policy to respond to the challenge of population aging. In the policy system, China absorbs international ideals, such as lifelong learning, and active aging, into the national policies. However, in the practice, the elder’s curriculum exists an unbalanced state. The situation on rural elderly education lags far behind urban elderly education. This paper takes a chronological and historical approach to examine policies and practice in elder education in China. Recommendations are: (1) the national standard of curriculum for elderly education should be promoted. (2) the rural elderly should be paid more attention.
ÖĞRENCİLERİN GENEL SİNİZM DÜZEYLERİNİN NOMOFOBİ DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİNDE YALNIZLIĞIN MODERATOR ETKİSİ
Authors: BIYIKBEYİ Tuba , BAYRAMLİ Parvın
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Araştırmada, öğrencilerin sinizm düzeylerinin onların nomofobi düzeylerine nasıl etki ettiğini ve öğrencilerin yalnızlık düzeyinin bu ilişki üzerindeki aracılık rolünü tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırmada, veri toplama aracı olarak anket yöntemi kullanılmış ve ilgili anketler rassal olarak İstanbul Üniversitesi’nde farklı bölümlerde eğitim alan 241 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 20 paket programından yararlanılmıştır.
Kısıtlar: Analiz için gereken verilerin yalnızca bir üniversite ile sınırlı kalması araştırmanın kısıtını oluşturmaktadır.
Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularına göre, sinizmin nomofobi üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, sinizmin nomofobi üzerindeki etkisinde yalnızlığın kısmi bir moderator etkisi görülmüştür. Nomofobi ile akademik başarı arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonucuna göre, öğrencilerde sinik davranışların artması onlarda nomofobi düzeyinin artmasına neden olmaktadır. Yalnızlık düzeyinin artması, bu etkiyi güçlendirmektedir. Yalnızlık düzeyinin azalması ise bu etkiyi zayıflatmaktadır. Bunun yanında öğrencilerin nomofobik olmasının, onların akademik başarıları üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı görülmüştür.
An Analysis of Diversity Within‘Social Studies’Textbooks for Elementary School Students: Focusing on Economic Units
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Lee So-Yeon
Published: December 2022

This study analyzed how diversified elementary ‘Social Studies’ textbooks have become due to changes in the textbook publication system. As a result of the analysis, there were hardly any differences between textbooks in the name of the sub-unit, the material of the activity, and the direction of the special page that each textbook could reveal their individuality. The reasons for the lack of diversity among textbooks can be found in consideration of screening criteria for admission, lack of experience, and the existence of national textbooks developed according to the same curriculum. Nevertheless, it was possible to confirm the diversity reflecting the developer's field class experience in the development of the sub-topic, the description of the content, and the subject and material of the special page, which can be interpreted as the fact that the teacher writers fully expressed their competence as class experts. It is true that there was a lot of disappointment at the diversity among textbooks as the expectations were high at the school site, but it was clear that efforts were made for diversity in the textbook development process, and it was confirmed that the driving force for diversity was the overall professionalism of teachers.
A Study on the Policy Plan for Operating the System of Regional Public Basic Education Teacher for Students with Borderline Inteligence
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Kim Bootae , Son JongHyun
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to draw up a policy plan for operating the system of regional public talents(basic education teachers) who will take charge of education for persons with borderline intelligence as a public sphere. Methodological perspective of this study is that local government cultivate, employ, manage the regional talents necessary to region itself, and so institutionalize to serve their own region. The basic education teachers are public education talents, who regard themselves as educational volunteers and are cultivated through the training course based on special education run by regional universities and the related institutions. We design that public education talents can acquire qualification of regular or assistant teacher, and then local Ministry of Education select and employ some of them. Up to recently, education for persons with borderline intelligence was a sphere that has been lack of national and social interests. Now, Ministry of Education and local government should pay close attention to the sphere as a public one, and deal with positive policies.
Avaliação da implantação do centro de comercialização no município de Iporá, Goiás, a partir do uso da ferramenta benchmarking
Authors: Furquim Maria Gláucia Dourado , Queirós Liliana Santos Silva de , Sousa Júnior José Carlos De , Oliveira Daniela Cabral de
Published: December 2022

As feiras livres se apresentam como um espaço para a prática comercial varejista, do produtor familiar, de produtos in natura e processados, sendo um dos principais ambientes de preservação da cultura local e de interação entre o rural e o urbano, especialmente importante para a economia de cidades interioranas. O presente estudo objetivou identificar as melhores práticas utilizadas nos ambientes organizacionais da feira livre do município de Iporá (GO) e do centro de comercialização em Barra do Garças (MT), por meio da ferramenta de gestão denominada benchmarking, sendo utilizadas, como procedimento metodológico, entrevistas com os representantes das feiras de Iporá e Barra do Garças, bem como aplicação de questionário a 30 feirantes de ambas as localidades. Constatou-se a existência de desafios para a implantação do centro de comercialização em Iporá a partir da percepção dos feirantes sobre a relevância da adequada estrutura física e do efetivo suporte da vigilância sanitária para o rearranjo do ambiente. Quanto a Barra do Garças, o centro de comercialização modificou o espaço físico e padronizou os processos, reduzindo o número de frequentadores e vendas dos produtos. Conclui-se que, em ambos os locais de comercialização, quaisquer alterações no “espaço feira” devem resguardar as particularidades da modalidade tradicional de produção e venda.
Construção de um data warehouse para uma análise multidimensional da evasão escolar: estudo de caso da Plataforma Nilo Peçanha
Authors: Oliveira Isleimar De Souza , Andrade Fabio Gomes de , Medeiros Francisco Petrônio Alencar de , Casimiro Camila , Farias Fagne Rolim
Published: December 2022

Os índices elevados de evasão escolar representam um problema que tem atraído a atenção de muitos gestores e educadores ao redor do mundo. Esse problema acontece quando, por algum motivo, o aluno abandona o curso no qual está matriculado antes de sua conclusão. A evasão escolar gera uma série de prejuízos aos diversos atores envolvidos no processo educacional e pode ocorrer em diversos níveis e modalidades de ensino, por diversas causas. Uma forma de se combater a evasão escolar – e, consequentemente, os problemas causados por ela – consiste em identificar, de forma antecipada, alunos ou perfis de alunos com alto risco de evasão. A identificação prévia desses perfis pode auxiliar os gestores de políticas educacionais na tomada de decisão, como a elaboração de planos e a execução de ações que tentem evitar que os alunos abandonem os seus cursos. Este trabalho propõe a confecção de um banco de dados dimensional utilizado em um data warehouse, para análise das características dos alunos, relacionadas à evasão escolar. Os dados são oriundos da Plataforma Nilo Peçanha (PNP), adquiridos através de processos de extração, transformação e carga dos dados. Processo de Descoberta de Conhecimento em Bancos de Dados foi utilizado para analisar quais características estão relacionadas à evasão escolar de alunos de cursos de nível técnico e de graduação da rede federal de ensino de todo o Brasil, comparando os resultados com os dados do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB). As características relacionadas a faixa etária, renda per capita familiar e etnia apresentaram diferenças significativas quando comparados os alunos que abandonaram o curso e aqueles que o concluíram.
Effect of Preparation Design on Marginal Integrity and Fracture Resistance of Endocrowns: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mostafavi Azam Sadat , Allahyari Somayeh , Niakan Somayeh , Atri Faezeh
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Endocrown restorations were introduced for endodontically treated teeth as a conservative treatment. However, data about the effect of preparation design on marginal integrity and fracture resistance of endocrowns are lacking. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of preparation design of endocrown restorations on marginal integrity and fracture resistance.
Materials and Methods: Based on PICO question and the search terms, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched. After including studies matched to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, the extracted data were tabulated in a table provided by the authors. Two reviewers assessed the methodological quality of each included study independently. Ten articles were selected for extracting the quantitative data. All included studies were in vitro. The potential risk of bias of the selected studies was assessed using the modified MINORS scale.
Results: Four studies assessed the marginal adaptation, five studies evaluated the fracture resistance and just one investigated both the marginal integrity and fatigue resistance of the specimens. The evaluated influencing items in preparation design were as follows: cavity depth, occlusal thickness, ferrule effect, internal divergence angle, type of finish line, and adding vents inside pulp chamber. Meta-analysis could not be done due to heterogeneity of preparation designs and evaluation methods.
Conclusion: Marginal discrepancy of endocrowns is intensified with adding preparation features, higher cavity depth and increasing the divergence. Fracture resistance of endocrowns is increased with more occlusal reduction and cavity depth. However, it is still beyond the normal clinical force range.
Evaluation of Serum Calcitonin, Creatinine and Uric Acid in Ckd Complicated By Dysthyroidism
Authors: Ugege Christian , S. E. Ehiremen , A.P Eidangbe , W.O. Ohiwerei , O.M Otaye
Published: December 2022

This study evaluated the serum calcitonin, creatinine and uric acid levels in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) complicated by dysthyroidism. A total of 119 participants were recruited in this study, majority of who were males. This may likely be as a result of the bread winning role of men and hence are often economically empowered to seek health care. The higher proportion of males in this study could reflect a positive change in health seeking behavior of the male gender. Majority of the participants in this study were between the ages of 30 to 68 years with a median of 49 years. The high prevalence of CKD among this age group can be attributed to underlying pathologies such as hypertension, diabetes or both. Result from this study showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in serum calcitonin,TSH, creatinine and uric acid levels of CKD subjects when compared to the control and a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in serum T3 and T4 levels of CKD subjects were observed.T3 value showed significant decrease when the value of T3 gotten from stage 3,4 and 5 of CKD subjects were compared.
La insularidad en México: perspectivas geográficas para contribuir a la legislación en materia de islas
Authors: Baxin Martínez Jesús Israel
Published: December 2022

México posee 4.111 islas, cayos y arrecifes frente a sus litorales en los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico. Aunque este territorio insular está considerado en las políticas federales, estatales y municipales, algunas ambigüedades jurídicas y ambientales, así como la falta de integración social de las poblaciones isleñas, han redundado en que la insularidad se acentúe y se viva de manera extrema. Este artículo brinda un estado general del territorio insular de México y aborda casos emblemáticos (Cedros, islas del golfo de California, islas Marías, Cozumel, Isla Mujeres) para indicar hacia dónde podrían apuntar las propuestas para la integración de este territorio y sus poblaciones en cuanto a una legislación común que mejore las condiciones que se desprenden de la insularidad. Además, se señalan casos internacionales de éxito en archipiélagos como Galápagos (Ecuador) y Canarias (España), cuyas experiencias para el manejo de la insularidad en los marcos legales consideran perspectivas geográficas.
A MIGRAÇÃO COMO ALIENAÇÃO PARA O TRABALHO ESCRAVO CONTEMPORÂNEO: Um caso de trabalho análogo e migração na cidade de Itabuna- Bahia 2018.
Authors: De Andrade Laís Melo
Published: December 2022

Este artigo apresenta a face contemporânea de práticas evidenciando condições de trabalho análogo à escravidão, que estão presentes no cotidiano dos migrantes de situação irregular e demais populações. Tendo como objetivos mostrar a realidade de uma parcela da população migrante e caracterizar o trabalho escravo. Buscam-se subsídios dentro do contexto histórico e atual, baseados em leis que criminaliza esta atividade. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, optando pelo método dedutivo, pois abordou a relação da migração com o trabalho escravo, descrevendo a prática de migração e trabalho análogo, a exemplo do caso dos dez venezuelanos, no Sul da Bahia. São destacadas, sobretudo, as leis domésticas em relação ao tema, como o Trabalho Escravo e a Constituição Federal.
MIGRAÇÃO INDÍGENA AO BRASIL E PANDEMIA: A INTERPRETAÇÃO COMUNITÁRIA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE GARANTIA DO DIREITO À SAÚDE AO POVO WARAO
Authors: De Souza Bispo Luan Victor , Rolim Peixoto Arnelle , Alves Conceição Isabella
Published: December 2022

O aumento da migração venezuelana no Brasil na última década, especialmente aquela realizada por grupos e minorias étnicas, fez emergir uma série de problemáticas sociais até então julgadas como e segunda importância no país. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo busca reflexões acerca dos entraves encontrados pela população migrante indígena oriunda da Venezuela, mais especificamente do povo Warao, quando do acesso aos serviços públicos de saúde disponibilizados pelo Estado brasileiro no atual contexto de pandemia. Por meio de metodologia de natureza exploratória, utilizando pesquisa bibliográfica em artigos e periódicos, aborda inicialmente o contexto de imigração dessa população, bem como as dificuldades que podem vir a enfrentar na tentativa de integração social. A seguir, descreve a problemática do acesso à saúde, incrementada pela barreira linguística que impede que a relação médico-paciente transcorra de maneira adequada. O trabalho, por fim, busca apontar como a implementação de programas públicos de intérpretes culturais, os mediadores interculturais, poderia representar uma via capaz de minimizar o déficit de acesso hoje observado.