bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioreactor in the service of sustainable development
Authors: Sinóros-Szabó Botond , Rátonyi Tamás , Sinóros-Szabó Jr. Botond , Sulyok Dénes
Published: September 2019

The control of our relationship with our environment is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. This has an effect on the economic and social processes and the human activities. All of these are included in a new developmental strategy: the strategy of sustainable development.The strategy of sustainable development prevails by the new technologies and it is realized on high-tech level as the fermentation manipulation of organic materials, biogas production and production of “green” electric current. One of Europe’s largest bioreactors has been established in Nyírbátor in Hungary at first (chief executive: Mihály Petis).
o-TİPİ ORC-BINARY JEOTERMAL GÜÇ SANTRALI OPTİMİZASYONU: EATWOS ANALİZİ
Authors: ARSLAN Oğuz , ERGENEKON ARSLAN Aslı , ŞENTÜRK ACAR Merve
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada, Simav jeotermal
kaynaklarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla o-Tipi
ORC güç santrali analitik olarak dizayn edilmiştir. Güç santralinin
tasarımlarında enerji kaynağı olarak Simav jeotermal sahasına ait potansiyel
değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen tasarımların çalışma koşulları ele alınarak en
efektif tasarımın belirlenmesi amacıyla çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden
biri olan EATWOS kullanılmıştır. Sonuç
olarak, o2-tipi santrale ait en uygun modeller sırasıyla enerji verimi, net elektrik enerjisi üretimi ve her ikisini
birlikte analiz eden durum için Model 10 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu durumda,
santral parametreleri T1b=80 oC, T2c=22 oC ve T2d=137 oC
olarak belirlenmiş olup, net elektrik enerjisi üretimi 594.12 MWh ve santral
verimi % 16.36 olarak tespit edilmiştir. o3-tipi
santrale ait en uygun modeller sırasıyla enerji verimi, net elektrik enerjisi
üretimi ve her ikisini birlikte analiz eden durum için Model 31 olarak bulunmuştur.
Bu duruma ait santral parametreleri T1b=80 oC, T2c=22 oC,  T2d=117 oC ve P2d=2000 kPa olarak
belirlenmiş, net elektrik enerjisi üretimi 559.895 MWh ve santral verimi % 14.75
olarak tespit edilmiştir.
La influencia del desarrollo moral de los adolescentes en su comportamiento antisocial autorreportado
Authors: Bernuz Beneitez María José , González-Álvarez María A.
Published: September 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la relación entre el desarrollo moral de los adolescentes y sus comportamientos delictivos (autorreportados) distinguiendo según si son conductas contra la propiedad, las personas, el orden, o la salud pública. Se utilizan datos de una encuesta realizada en 2012 en Aragón a 1.762 adolescentes entre 14 y 18 años. El estudio emplea el análisis de componentes principales para identificar la estructura interna de los datos de algunas de las distintas dimensiones del razonamiento moral de los adolescentes. El análisis de regresión múltiple muestra que una mayor penalización de conductas antisociales, tener a los adultos como figura de referencia y ser chica reducen la probabilidad de cometer un delito. Mientras que la (mayor) edad, la legitimación de la violencia y la sumisión y optar por mecanismos de prevención social incrementan significativamente el riesgo de delinquir.
Certification software special SI air transport
Authors: Богоявленский А. , Bogoyavlenskiy A. , Боков А. , Bokov A.
Published: September 2019

In order to implement the provisions of the Federal law No. 102-FZ and the regulations of the state system of ensuring the unity of measurements on the basis of the metrological service in the Federal state unitary Enterprise GosNII GA test laboratory software SI and information and measurement systems (IIS). In terms of software testing, the scope of authority of the laboratory includes algorithms and software (standalone and embedded) MI and IIS used in air transport and in the aviation industry.

The article describes the main tasks solved by the laboratory in the process of certification of the SYSTEM software.
Bench equipment for maintenance OF mi-8, MI-17 helicopters and its metrological research
Authors: Богоявленский А. , Bogoyavlenskiy A. , Боков А. , Bokov A.
Published: September 2019

In recent years, there has been a positive trend in the domestic air transport for the modernization of bench equipment used in organizations for maintenance and repair of aircraft. The peculiarity of the introduction of this kind of equipment is the confirmation of compliance of the actual values of its technical (and, first of all, metrological) characteristics when setting (maintaining) modes of maintenance and repair of aircraft to the normalized values specified in the technological maps of the maintenance regulations and repair technologies.
The analysis of measurements of flatness of the artificial surfaces of the runway of civil aerodrome
Authors: Богоявленский А. , Bogoyavlenskiy A.
Published: September 2019

One of the most important characteristics of the runways with artificial turf of civil airfields is their evenness. Passengers of the mainline aircraft – both in domestic and foreign airportssubjectively assess the airfield pavements evenness by the presence or absence of shaking during the movement of the aircraft on the runway both during takeoff and landing. In units of what physical quantities, by what means and methods is measured (estimated) the evenness of aerodrome surfaces? How to ensure of the traceability of measurements from the primary national etalon of parameter to the value of the measured value. About it-this publication.
Impact Methodology representation abstract on efficiency Iraqi pupils fifth grade and their motivation in learn fractures
Authors: Ibrahim Sahar
Published: September 2019

Iraqi grade five pupils often lack proficiency in fractions and lack motivation in learning fractions through the conventional method of teaching. Research has shown that the concrete-representational-abstract (CRA) module helps primary pupils to learn fractions and give them better motivation to learn fractions. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design and two intact grade five classes from an Iraqi school in KL, Malaysia were randomly assigned to the experimental group and control group respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference in proficiency in fractions and motivation in learning fractions between the groups and favoring the CRA module.
PERBEDAAN KUALITAS HIDUP ANAK DENGAN SINDROM NEFROTIK RESISTEN STEROID DAN SINDROM NEFROTIK RELAPS
Authors: Rosita Ika Rara , M Herumuryawa
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Penderita sindrom nefrotik resisten steroid (SNRS) dan sindrom nefrotik relaps mempunyai frekuensi lebih banyak untuk menjalani rawat inap dan rawat jalan. Hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kualitas hidup anak. Penelitian tentang kualitas hidup anak SNRS dan SN relaps belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan perbedaan antara kualitas hidup anak SNRS dan SN relaps.

Metode : Desain cross sectional pada 35 anak SN (10 SNRS DAN 25 SN relaps ) di klinik AnakÂ  Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. Kariadi Semarang dan kunjungan rumah selama April 2011 sampai Juni 2011. Semua subyek dilakukan wawancara terpimpin menggunakan kuesioner PedsQL umum dan spesifik penyakit kronik ginjal. Diagnosis SNRS dan SN relaps secara klinis dan penentuan kualitas hidup menggunakan PedsQL .Penentuan Uji normalitas dianalisis dengan Shapiro-Wilk. Uji beda dianalisis dengan t-test tidak berpasangan.

Hasil : Pada SNRS didapatkan skor umum 55,7 (SD 10,59) dan SN relaps 55,6 (SD 13,18) (p=0,986), sedangan pada skor spesifik penyakit kronik ginjal SNRS 53,7 (SD 9,34) dan Sn Relaps 58,7 (SD 13,81) (p=0,299).

Simpulan : Tidak terdapat perbedaan secara statistik tentang kualitas hidup anak SNRS dan SN relaps.

Kata kunci : kualitas hidup, sindrom nefrotik, PedsQ,
Hubungan Beberapa Faktor Demografi Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Pasca Diagnosis Kanker Di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semareang
Authors: Yunitasari Linawati Neny
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Kanker pada umumnya dihubungkan dengan penderitaan yang berat, menyedihkan, dan mematikan serta dampak yang sangat luas terhadap penderita maupun keluarganya sehingga dapat menimbulkan kecemasan setelah diagnosis kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor usia, pengetahuan, status sosial ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan, dan jenis kelamin dengan tingkat kecemasan pasca diagnosis kanker.

Metode : Desain penelitian cross sectional pada pasien pasca diagnosis kanker di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang bulan Desember 2008. Kriteria inklusi adalah keganasan berdasarkan hasil patologi anatomi dan mendapat terapi radiasi/kemoterapi 1 kali. Kriteria eksklusi pasien dengan kondisi kritis, mempunyai gangguan jiwa, dan tidak melanjutkan pengobatan. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner. Tingkat kecemasan diukur dengan Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS–A) dalam bentuk Anxiety Analog Scale (AAS). Analisis data dengan distribusi frekuensi dan uji bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi non parametric Spearman.

Hasil : Didapatkan 34 subyek terdiri dari laki laki 47,1% dan perempuan 52,9%, sebagian besar berusia di atas 50 tahun. Sebagian besar pasien mempunyai pengetahuan dan tingkat sosial ekonomi rendah, serta tingkat pendidikan menengah. Pengetahuan (p<0,001), status sosial ekonomi (P=0,008), dan tingkat pendidikan (p=0,024) berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan pasien. Sedangkan faktor usia dan jenis kelamin tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan.

Simpulan : Pengetahuan, status sosial ekonomi dan tingkat pendidikan berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan pasien.

Kata kunci: Kecemasan, kanker, faktor demografi, RSUP Dr. Kariadi
Pengaruh Pemberian Tambahan Putih Telur pada Diet Tinggi Kalori dan Protein terhadap Kadar Albumin Darah Penderita Keganasan Kepala Leher dengan Hipoalbuminemia
Authors: Ruspita Dian , - Suprihati , - Amriyatun , Puruhita Niken
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Penderita keganasan kepala leher sering mengalami hipoalbuminemia karena asupan makanan yang menurun akibat terjadi gangguan saluran cerna, nyeri, depresi, konstipasi, malabsorbsi, efek samping pengobatan. Salah satu syarat kemoterapi adalah kadar albumin yang cukup. Putih telur adalah salah satu sumber asam amino yang dapat membentuk albumin bila dikonsumsi secara proporsional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan pemberian tambahan putih telur pada diet tinggi kalori dan protein dapat meningkatkan kadar albumin d a r a h p e n d e r i t a ke g a n a s a n ke p a l a l e h e r d e n g a n hipoalbuminemia.

Metode : Penelitian intervensi dengan control trial pretest–post test design di bangsal RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang, sejak Desember 2010 – Mei 2011. Sampel adalah pasien keganasan kepala leher yang dirawat untuk mendapatkan kemoterapi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Jumlah sampel minimal yang dibutuhkan adalah 11 subyek untuk tiap kelompok. Kelompok penelitian adalah kelompok A yaitu kelompok diet putih telur, B yaitu kelompok diet tanpa telur dan C yaitu kelompok diet tambahan putih telur. Setelah pemberian diet putih telur ayam 5 hari kemudian dianalisis selisih kadar albumin pada hari ke–21 dan sebelum perlakuan. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS for Windows 17.0.

Hasil : Empat puluh lima kasus hipoalbuminemia memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan 40 subyek yang dapat dianalisis. Selisih albumin kelompok A (0,18±0,51), B (0,02±0,61), C (0,02±0,41). Tidak

didapatkan perbedaan bermakna selisih kadar albumin setelah dan sebelum perlakuan berdasarkan hasil uji one way anova (p=0,656).

Simpulan : Tambahan putih telur pada diet tinggi kalori dan protein dapat meningkatkan kadar albumin darah penderita keganasan kepala leher dengan hipoalbuminemia pada hari ke-21 namun secara statistik tidak bermakna.

Kata kunci: putih telur, keganasan kepala leher, hipoalbuminemia, kadar albumin.
Tindakan Keperawatan yang Diterima Pasien Preoperatif di Bangsal Bedah RSUP Dr . Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Qosim Nanang
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Persiapan preoperasi sangat diperlukan karena kesuksesan suatu tindakan pembedahan berawal dari kesuksesan persiapan yang dilakukan selama tahap persiapan. Kesalahan yang dilakukan pada saat tindakan preoperatif apapun bentuknya dapat berdampak pada tahap-tahap selanjutnya.

Metode : Desain yang digunakan diskriptif dengan pendekatan survey, besar sampel 60 orang. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Maret–April 2011. Kriteria inklusi adalah responden kondisi sadar dan sehat jiwa. Alat yang digunakan berupa kuesioner (angket) yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan uji validitas. Hasil baik apabila kuantitas 76% atau >25% tindakan keperawatan/4 aspek. Hasil cukup apabila kuantitas 60–75% atau 20–25% tindakan keperawatan/3–4 aspek. Hasil kurang apabila kuantitas <60% atau<20% tindakan keperawatan/<3 aspek. Analisis data secaraunivariat

Hasil : Aspek informed consent, persiapan penunjang, persiapan anestesi, dan premedikasi dilakukan dengan baik dengan prosentase lebih dari 76%. Aspek psikis dan aspek fisik khususnya pada sub aspek latihan praoperasi yang diterima responden adalah kurang <60 %. Sub aspek personal hygiene tindakan yang diterima responden adalah cukup (71%).

Simpulan : Tindakan keperawatan pada aspek informed consent, persiapan penunjang, persiapan anestesi dan premedikasi adalah baik. Tindakan keperawatan pada sub aspek personal hygiene adalah cukup. Pada sub aspek latihan praoperasi dan persiapan psikis adalah kurang.

Kata kunci : Tindakan keperawatan, preoperatif
Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Obese Children
Authors: Rosalina Vina , Mexitalia Maria , Wastoro Dwi
Published: September 2019

Background : Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is strongly associated with obesity. The common presenting complaints are excessive daytime sleepiness and loud snoring which potential for significant comorbidity of metabolic syndrome and decreasing in quality of life.

Case : An 11-year-old obese boy was refereed to Dr. Kariadi Hospital with complaints of fatique and frontal headache. His mother reported the loud snoring, apneic events during the night, excessive daytime sleepiness, increased irritability, and difficulty of school learning. Imaging studies showed cardiomegaly, adenoidal/nasopharyngeal ratio 0.714; opaque mass on cervical and airway space narrowing. Tympanometric audiogram showed mild right conductive hearing loss. The patient was diagnosed with OSAS, chronic and hypertrophic adenotonsillitis, severe hypertension, dilated right ventricle, right conductive hearing loss, obesity. The boy was undergone adenotonsillectomy and management of weight lossed. Antihipertensive and other supportive medication were given and good results.

Discussion : The recommended initial treatment, even in obese children, consists of surgical removal of the adenoids and tonsils.5,6 Several studies have shown that adenotonsillectomy reverses the symptoms and confirm the beneficial effects for OSAS on children's growth, school performance, improvements in PSG, behavior, QoL and cardiac function. The success rate for adenotonsillectomy in the context of OSA was approximately 85%.

Conclusion : Adenotonsillectomy and weight reduction is considered to be the primary intervention for OSAS children. Because the case had also severe hypertension, antihypertensive and other supportive medicine were give and had a good result.

Keywords : OSAS, obesity, children, adenotonsillectomy
Deteksi Dini Serta Evaluasi pada Anak yang Dicurigai Keganasan
Authors: Sudarmanto Bambang
Published: September 2019

Penatalaksanaan kanker anak dan dewasa saat ini berkembang dengan pesat. Hal ini bisa terjadi karena berkembangnya pusat pelayanan kanker anak di rumah sakit dengan tersedianya sarana medik dan obat kemoterapi serta bertambahnya tenaga ahli di rumah sakit, ditunjang dengan beberapa hasil riset dengan metode yang lebih baik dibidang diagnosis dan strategi pengobatan.

Disisi lain jumlah kasus yang selalu bertambah dilaporkan 12.000 kasus baru kanker anak pada usia anak 10 tahun di Amerika Serikat (AS).1 Di Indonesia belum ada data yang konkrit peningkatan jumlah kasus kanker anak setiap tahunnya, namun di pahami bersama bahwa jumlah pasien rawat inap dengan kanker rujukan dari rumah sakit kabupaten meningkat.

Di Negara maju AS dikatakan bahwa kanker anak merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi pada usia anak setelah infeksi dankecelakaan lalu lintas. Meskipun penurunan angka kematian pada usia dibawah 14 tahun menurun terutama pada kasus limfoma maligna (LMNH), sarkoma jaringan lunak serta leukemia limfoblastik akut.

Bahwa anak bukanlah orang dewasa yang kecil perlu di pahami bersama, sehingga jenis kanker pada anak sangat berbeda dengan jenis kanker pada dewasa. Leukemia limfoblastik akut misalnya merupakan jumlah terbesar kanker pada anak usia 0–14 tahun.
Pengaruh Suplementasi Kapsul Ekstrak Ikan Gabus terhadap Kadar Kolesterol dan Berat Badan pada Anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik
Authors: Putri Nadira , Muryawan Heru
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Sindrom Nefrotik masih merupakan masalah utama di bagian nefrologi anak. Hipoalbuminemia pada Sindrom Nefrotik dapat disertai dengan hiperkolesterolemia dan edema. Pemberian suplementasi kapsul ekstrak ikan gabus diharapkan dapat mengoreksi albumin yang rendah sehingga terjadi penurunan pada kadar kolesterol danÂ  berat badan anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh pemberian suplementasi kapsul ekstrak ikan gabus 2x150 mg selama 14 hari terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan pada anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik usia 2-14 tahun.

Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain uji klinis dengan historical control. Kelompok perlakuan adalah anak Sindrom Nefrotik yang mendapat suplementasi kapsul ekstrak ikan gabus dosis 2x150 mg. Kelompok kontrol diperoleh dari catatan medik (historical control) yaitu anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik yang mendapat diet protein seimbang berupa diet standart RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan setiap hari selama 14 hari. Kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan diukur sebelum dan setelah suplementasi. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji tindependent dan uji Mann Whitney.

Hasil : Rerata perubahan kolesterol total pada kelompok perlakuan sebesar -87,1 ± 118,82 mg/dL dan kelompok kontrol sebesar -44 ± 129,96 mg/dL. Rerata perubahan berat badan pada kelompok perlakuan sebesar -0,9 ± 1,57 kg dan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 0,05 ± 1,82 kg. Tidak terdapat perbedaan perubahan kolesterol total yang bermakna (p=0,613) dan perubahan berat badan yang bermakna (p= 0,165) pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol dengan menggunakan uji Mann Whitney.

Simpulan : Suplementasi kapsul ekstrak ikan gabus tidak dapat menurunkan kadar kolesetrol total dan berat badan pada anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik
ANALISIS LAJU KOROSI DENGAN ALIRAN MEDIA KOROSI HCL 10% PADA MATERIAL BAJA ASTM A36 DENGAN SUDUT BENDING
Authors: Sabyantoro Wahyu Kheren , Purwanto Helmy , Dzulfikar Muhammad
Published: September 2019

Kontruksi Baja yang terendam dalam keadaan air diam ataupun mengalir mudah terserang oleh korosi. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui dan menganalisa pengaruh media pengkorosi dan aliran media pengkorosi HCl10% terhadap laju korosi pada baja mild steel A36 yang diberi perlakuan bending 60o, 90o, 120o, dan 180o dengan metode celup diam dan celup putardengan waktu perendaman 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Hasil dari penelitian  dan pengamatan yang diperoleh bahwa semakin kecil sudut bending maka laju korosinya akan semakin besar dan semakin lama perendaman laju korosi pada baja pun akan semakin bertambah besar. Perhitungan laju korosi ini dihitung dengan metode pengurangan beban awal dengan beban akhir. Hasil dari percobaan laju korosi pada baja ASTM A36 percobaan menggunakan metode celup putar mendapatkan nilai laju korosi yang paling besar dengan nilai 4,2367.10-06   waktu pencelupan 90 menit dengan sudut bending 60o. dan laju korosi terkecilnya terdapat pada metode celup diam dengan sudut 90o waktu pencelupan 90 menit dengan nilai laju korosi sebesar 6,0524.10-07 mm/tahun. Jenis korosi yang terjadi pada penelitian ini adalah korosi menyeluruh (celup diam) dan korosi sumuran (celup putar).Kata kunci : korosi, bending, metode celup, celup putar, celup diam
Spatially Resolved Studies of Local Massive Red Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Hao Cai-Na , Shi Yong , Chen Yanmei , Xia Xiaoyang , Gu Qiusheng , Guo Rui , Yu Xiaoling , Li Songlin
Published: September 2019

We report a two-dimensional spectroscopic analysis of massive red spiral galaxies (M
* > 1010.5
M
⊙) and compare them to blue spiral and red elliptical galaxies above the same mass limit based on the public SDSS DR15 MaNGA observations. We find that the stellar population properties of red spiral galaxies are more similar to those of elliptical galaxies than to blue spiral galaxies. Red spiral galaxies show a shallow mass-weighted age profile, and they have higher stellar metallicity and Mgb/

〈
Fe
〉

across the whole 1.5R
e as compared to blue spirals, but all these properties are close to those of elliptical galaxies. One scenario to explain this is that red spirals form as remnants of very-gas-rich major mergers that happened above z ∼ 1.
Analytical version of the resonance coupled-channel model for D + T → 5He** → α + n reaction and its application for the description of low-energy D-T and D- 3He scattering
Authors: Godes Alexander I. , Kudriavtseva Anna S. , Shablov Vladimir L.
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the present paper is the formulation of the analytical version of the resonance coupled-channel model (RCCM) originally developed for D + T → 5He** → α + n nuclear fusion reaction. The integral in the denominator of the Breit-Wigner type is examined in the expression for S-matrix elements of binary processes in this model. Imaginary part of this integral determines the energy-dependent decay width for the near-threshold channel. It is demonstrated that this integral can be calculated explicitly with the Binet representation for the ψ-function (the logarithmic derivation of the gamma function). As the result the explicit expression for the S-matrix elements in the form of analytical functions of the channel momenta are obtained and the equivalence of the RCCM and the effective range approximation (Landau – Smorodinsky – Bethe approximation) is established on this basis. This allows expressing the parameters of the RCCM through the model independent system characteristics: the complex scattering length and the complex effective range. Several sets of model parameters of both approaches that provide a good description of the measured data on D + T → α + n reaction and D-T elastic scattering are derived. By this means we find the location of the S – matrix poles on different Riemann sheets which corresponds to Jπ = (3/2)+ state of 5He and 5Li nuclei. In particular, the location of the resonance (R) and shadow (S) poles is determined:

5He**: ZR = 46.9 – i37.2 (keV) ZS = 81.7 – i3.5 (keV)

5Li**: ZR = 205.7 – i146.8 (keV) ZS = 264.4 + i112.0 (keV).

Our results agree well with previous findings. The possible generalizations of the results obtained are discussed.
Some aspects of the VVER-440 reactor plant life re-extension: a case study of the Novovoronezh NPP Unit 4
Authors: Povarov Vladimir P. , Fedorov Anatoly I. , Vitkovsky Sergey L.
Published: September 2019

The re-modernization of Unit 4 at the Novovoronezh NPP (Novovoronezh-4) made it possible to take a new approach to the problem of extending the VVER-440 reactor plant life and operation. The authors analyze the existing problems of the VVER-440/179 power unit, showing possible solutions to the identified shortcomings and the final state of the updated power unit. Modernization works significantly expanded the range of design-basis accidents from the primary coolant leak from an opening (DN = 100 mm) to the maximum possible, associated with a rupture of the main circulation pipelines (MCP) (DN = 500 mm). A unique experience was gained in using the safety systems of Unit 3, which was finally shutdown for decommissioning, to increase reliability and provide additional redundancy for the safety systems of Unit 4.

The results of the performed works showed the correctness of the adopted concept of re-extending the service life of Unit 4 and ensured its compliance with the modern safety requirements in nuclear power engineering, including as it relates to the safety impact of the first-level probabilistic safety analysis model (PSA-1) for internal initiating events.
Bébés de l’anthropologie, anthropologie des bébés ?
Authors: Razy Élodie
Published: September 2019

À partir des avancées réalisées en anthropologie de l’enfance et dans les Childhood Studies , et en se basant principalement sur les acquis de l’anthropologie générale, cet article pose les jalons d’une possible anthropologie de la petite enfance et des bébés qui en est encore à ses balbutiements. Ce projet repose sur l’articulation de trois dimensions indissociables – construction sociale et symbolique de la petite enfance, agency du bébé et bébé comme sujet – et sur l’exploration des conditions de possibilité d’une approche anthropologique reposant sur l’observation participante avec les bébés. Cette dernière nécessite de prendre en compte ce que j’appelle les « cultures locales de l’ agency  » et d’interroger la nécessité d’une méthodologie particulière avec les bébés.
Mobile Phishing Websites Detection and Prevention Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Kadhim Huda Yousif , Al-saedi Karim Hashim , Al-Hassani Mustafa Dhiaa
Published: September 2019

Abstract— The widespread use of smart phones nowadays makes them vulnerable to phishing. Phishing is the process of trying to steal user information over the Internet by claiming they are a trusted entity and thus access and steal the victim's data(user name, password and credit card details). Consequently, the need for mobile phishing detection system has become an urgent need. And this is what we are attempting to introduce in this paper, where we introduce a system to detect phishing websites on Android phones. That predicts and prevents phishing websites from deceiving users, utilizing data mining techniques to predict whether a website is phishing or not, relying on a set of factors (URL based features, HTML based features and Domain based features). The results shows system effectiveness in predicting phishing websites with 97% as prediction accuracy.
Facebook Page as a Digital Pedagogical Tool in the Business Studies Class
Authors: Meintjes Helgaardt Hannes , van Wyk Micheal M.
Published: September 2019

Web 2.0 technologies and electronic teaching aids can be used to greatly advance the transmission of knowledge in the school setting. However, the investigation at hand attempted to go a step further by showing the potential benefits of incorporating the Grade 12 Business Studies curriculum into a Facebook page as a digital pedagogical tool to enhance learners' subject knowledge competence and academic performance. An exploratory mixed method research design was adopted. The data was collected using a specifically created Facebook page and an online open-ended questionnaire. Findings revealed the success of the intervention as a supportive teaching strategy and it is suggested that Business Studies teachers should be empowered through receiving training on the use of social media tools in their occupation. Further research is needed across other grade levels or at the same grade level but at other schools to gain an enhanced understanding of learners' responses to Facebook as a supportive teaching tool.
A Study on the Democratization of Knowledge Promoted by E-Learning in China
Authors: Xe Xin-Bin
Published: September 2019

E-learning users in China grew at a rate of 25.0% in 2015-2016, and the number of e-learning users exceeded 130 million in 2016. The number of users who take e-learning courses via mobile phone is growing at a rate of 85%, according to the 39th Report of Internet Development in China. In recent years, Chinese government has continuously issued policies to support the development of e-learning. More importantly, Premier Keqiang Li pointed out the needs of expanding e-Learning for the first time in the 2017 Chinese Government Work Report. As a new teaching mode, e-learning breaks the constraints of traditional teaching by providing access anytime, anywhere, and fast communication. It breaks many restrictions of traditional teaching mode. Various forms of e-learning are emerging, as citizens demand more e-learning. The unique attributes of e-learning and its diversified contents cannot only make individuals get access to education equally, but also better the allocation of educational resources.
Bovine pericardium membrane, gingival stem cells, and ascorbic acid: a novel team in regenerative medicine
Authors: Pizzicannella Jacopo , Marconi Guya D. , Pierdomenico Sante D. , Cavalcanti Marcos F.X.B. , Diomede Francesca , Trubiani Oriana
Published: September 2019

Recently, the development and the application of 3D scaffold able to promote stem cell differentiation represented an essential field of interest in regenerative medicine. In particular, functionalized scaffolds improve bone tissue formation and promote bone defects repair. This research aims to evaluate the role of ascorbic acid (AS) supplementation in an in vitro model, in which a novel 3D-scaffold, bovine pericardium collagen membrane called BioRipar (BioR) was functionalized with human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hGMSCs). As extensively reported in the literature, AS is an essential antioxidant molecule involved in the extracellular matrix secretion and in the osteogenic induction. Specifically, hGMSCs were seeded on BioR and treated with 60 and 90 μg/mL of AS in order to assess their growth behavior, the expression of bone specific markers involved in osteogenesis (runt-related transcription factor 2, RUNX2; collagen1A1, COL1A1; osteopontin, OPN; bone morphogenetic protein2/4, BMP2/4), and de novo deposition of calcium. The expression of COL1A1, RUNX2, BMP2/4 and OPN was evaluated by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry, and proved to be upregulated. Our results demonstrate that after three weeks of treatment AS at 60 and 90 μg/mL operates as an osteogenic inductor in hGMSCs. These data indicate that the AS supplementation produces an enhancement of osteogenic phenotype commitment in an in vitro environment. For this reason, AS could represent a valid support for basic and translational research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Design and Implementation of Data Collection & Analysis Tool for Healthcare Parameter Monitoring using Inverse Low Pass Filter
Authors: Chaurasia S. K. , Reddy S.R.N
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Health of an individual can be determined by monitoring his daily activities. Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a process, used to record these activities. The first step of HAR involves collection of Data from various Sensors, which is challenging due to the requirement of interfacing of hardware Sensors. Researchers either do hardware interfacing themselves or just analyse already available dataset. In the literature, many measures are proposed to calculate the human activities by using the Accelerometer data. But, different activities recorded by Accelerometer are not accurate due to presence of gravity component. Also there is requirement of identification of appropriate Machine learning algorithm for HAR.OBJECTIVE: To facilitate the researchers in hassle free data collection for monitoring HAR and finding optimal cutoff frequency to remove gravity component present in accelerometer data. Also detecting suitable machine learning model for HAR.METHODS: An application has been developed using Inverse low pass filter with an optimal threshold value to compute cut-off frequency for the removal of gravity component from accelerometer data. 8 different machine learning models are trained and tested for examining suitability of models on the collected data at server. Accuracy and execution time are considered as validation parameters.RESULTS: Gravity Component is removed and data gathered by using 0.6 alpha is providing 0.05 mean acceleration in static state. Among Various ML models k Nearest Neighbor is providing 93.17 percent of accuracy with 0.187486 sec of execution time.CONCLUSION: Removal of Gravity component is optimised by our method and out of various ML model kNN is identified as suitable model for HAR.
Motives of isogenous K3 surfaces
Authors: Huybrechts Daniel
Published: September 2019

We prove that isogenous K3 surfaces have isomorphic Chow motives. This provides a motivic interpretation of a long standing conjecture of Šafarevic which has been settled only recently by Buskin. The main step consists of a new proof of Šafarevic’s conjecture that circumvents the analytic parts in [2], avoiding twistor spaces and non-algebraic K3 surfaces.
Contemporary Chinese Art, Aesthetic Modernity and Zhang Peili
Authors: Gladston Paul
Published: September 2019

In recent decades the previously assumed dominance within the international art world of western(ized) conceptions of aesthetic modernity has been challenged by a critically becalming diversification of cultural outlooks widely referred to as ‘contemporaneity’. Contributing to that diversification are assertions within mainland China of essential differences between Chinese and western art.

In response to the critical impasse posed by contemporaneity, Paul Gladston charts a historical relay of mutually formative interactions between the artworlds of China and the West as part of a new transcultural theory of artistic criticality. Informed by deconstructivism as well as syncretic Confucianism, Gladston extends this theory to a reading of the work of the artist Zhang Peili and his involvement with the Hangzhou-based art group, the Pond Association (Chi she). Revealed is a critical aesthetic productively resistant to any single interpretative viewpoint, including those of Chinese exceptionalism and the supposed immanence of deconstructivist uncertainty.

Addressing art in and from the People’s Republic of China as a significant aspect of post-West contemporaneity, Gladston provides a new critical understanding of what it means to be 'contemporary' and the profound changes taking place in the art world today
Background Paper for Rebuilding Fiscal Institutions in Post-Conflict Countries
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The information provided in this paper supplements the information presented in the main Board paper. The main paper discusses experiences in reestablishing fiscal management in post-conflict countries. On the basis of the Fiscal Affairs Department technical assistance recommendations to these countries, that paper identifies key priorities for rebuilding fiscal institutions in a post-conflict setting. This background paper provides more detailed information for the six selected countries—Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lebanon, Mozambique, and Timor-Leste.
Policy Formulation, Analytical Frameworks, and Program Design
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The first part of this paper lays out the process of program design and briefly describes some of the analytical tools--including the financial programming framework, the balance sheet approach, and the debt sustainability template--employed by Fund country teams in advising national authorities on policy formulation. The second part of paper seeks to assess how well this process works in practice.
Ghana - Staff Assessment of Qualification for the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Staff is of the view that all criteria have been met, and recommends that the Board determine that Ghana qualifies for immediate debt relief under the MDRI.q
Benin - Staff Assessment of Qualification for the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Benin reached the completion point under the enhanced HIPC Initiative on March 24, 2003. Staff is of the view that all criteria have been met, and recommends that the Board determine that Benin qualifies for immediate debt relief under the MDRI.
Bolivia - Staff Assessment of Qualification for the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Staff is of the view that all criteria have been met, and recommends that the Board determine that Bolivia qualifies for immediate debt relief under the MDRI.
Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism - Observations from the Work Program and Implications Going Forward
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper provides a summary of the IMF and the World Bank work programs on anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism following the Fund and Bank Boards' decisions in March 2004 to endorse the revised FATF standard (2003 version) and methodology for the purposes of preparing ROSCs and to expand the areas of Bank/Fund responsibility to cover the revised FATF standard comprehensively. It draws lessons on what has worked well and the challenges and discusses the work program going forward.
Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative - Status of Implementation
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This report reviews progress and issues in implementing the enhanced HIPC Initiative. In addition to updating information on the delivery of HIPC debt relief and its estimated costs, it discusses two particular issues: the decline in the participation of commercial and non-Paris Club bilateral creditors to the Initiative; and the preliminary list of countries that satisfy the indebtedness eligibility criterion under the extended HIPC sunset clause.
Establishment and Operation of the Investment Account
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Directors expressed strong support for exploring in more detail the possibility of establishing the Investment Account (IA) during the March 2005 seminar on the Review of the Fund’s Finances and Financial Structure. The Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement which became effective in 1978 authorized the Fund to establish an IA in the General Department.
Monetary and Fiscal Policy Design Issues in Low-Income Countries
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Considers possible adjustments in the design of Fund-supported programs, drawing on the experience of low-income countries that have successfully addressed the most apparent domestic macroeconomic imbalances.
Sixth Review of the Fund's Data Standards Initiatives - Metadata Standardization in the Data Quality Program
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This Supplement describes how the staff proposes to achieve further synergies by mapping the DQAF into the metadata structure of the DQP’s other key component: (3) the data transparency initiatives comprising the Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS) and General Data Dissemination System (GDDS).
Review of the Fund's Regional Technical Assistance Centers
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Regional technical assistance centers have become an increasingly important modality for Fund technical assistance. This review is a response to Executive Directors' calls for close monitoring and regular evaluation of their operations. The centers include, the Africa Regional Technical Assistance Centers (AFRITACs), the Caribbean Regional Technical Assistance Center (CARTAC) and the Pacific Financial Technical Assistance Center.
Strengthening the Fund's Ability to Assist Low-Income Countries Meet Balance of Payments Needs Arising from Sudden and Exogenous Shocks
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

At the Executive Board discussion on the role of the Fund in low-income countries, Directors requested proposals to address the absence of concessional instruments other than the PRGF in the Fund's financial assistance to low-income members facing exogenous shocks. Against this background, this paper analyses the main issues in designing such a window within the PRGF Trust.
Public Investment and Fiscal Policy - Lessons From the Pilot Country Studies
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper reports on findings from eight pilot country studies on public investment that were carried out during the second half of 2004. The pilot country studies covered a diverse group of countries. Specifically, they included countries in Latin America (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Peru), Africa (Ethiopia and Ghana), the Middle East (Jordan), and Asia (India).
Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI)- Status of Implementation
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This report provides an update on the status of implementation, impact and costs of the enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) since mid-2006. It also discusses the status of creditor participation in both initiatives and the issue of litigation of commercial creditors against HIPCs.
Statement of Surveillance Priorities-Revisions of Economic Priorities and Progress on Operational Priorities
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper recommends changes to the economic priorities of the Statement of Surveillance Priorities (SSP) and provides an update on actions taken towards implementing the operational priorities.
Financial Sector Assessment Program After Ten Years-Experience and Reforms for the Next Decade
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Ten years after its inception, the FSAP has established itself as an important instrument for assessing financial systems around the world. More than three-quarters of the membership have volunteered for FSAP assessments or agreed to do so in the near future, including almost all the G20 countries. Previous reviews have confirmed that the FSAP has helped deepen the understanding of countries’ financial sectors and linkages with the rest of the economy, enriched the policy dialogue, and ensured consistency of Bank and the Fund advice, the last being a feature highly valued by participating countries. As also noted in the Malan Report, the collaborative nature of the FSAP adds value by effectively addressing areas of financial sector policy where developmental and stability concerns are interlinked and overlap and by facilitating knowledge spillovers between the two institutions. These past reviews have noted, however, the need to make the FSAP more flexible, responsive, and continuous, to deepen and strengthen the analytical toolkit, and to integrate the FSAP more closely with the Bank’s and the Fund’s other financial sector work.
Cross-Cutting Themes in Major Article IV Consultations
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper is part of a broader on-going effort to bring a more cross-country perspective to bilateral surveillance, taking advantage of a cluster of Article IV consultations with five systemically important economies concluded in July. With the five economies—the United States, the Euro area, China, Japan, and the United Kingdom—accounting for two-thirds of global output and three quarters of capital flows, the nature of linkages and consistency of policy responses across the systemic five (S5) has important implications for the world economy.
Debt Limits in Fund-Supported Programs - Proposed New Guidelines
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Low-income countries (LICs) face significant challenges in meeting their development objectives, while maintaining a sustainable debt position. To address this dilemma, the international community has largely advocated recourse to concessional external finance. The Fund’s existing policy and practice on external debt limits conforms to this preference.
Crisis-Related Measures in the Financial System and Sovereign Balance Sheet Risks
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the fiscal and financial risk implications of support measures in a sovereign balance sheet framework, making the point that the ultimate fiscal cost will depend on how balance sheets are managed—both in the near-term and as governments develop unwinding strategies. It suggests some key principles for efficient and transparent management of new assets, liabilities, and associated risks, and for moving toward an orderly disengagement.
A Framework for the Fund's Issuance of Notes to the Official Sector
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

On July 1, 2009, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund discussed the Managing Director's proposal for a framework for issuing notes to the official sector. The framework approved by the Executive Board was adapted on the basis of these discussions, as reflected in supplement 2 of the paper. It enables members to invest in IMF paper under note purchase agreements approved by the Board, without any pre-specified limit on the cumulative amount committed under note purchase agreements. The actual issuance of notes will occur should the IMF need additional resources at the time of a loan disbursement to a member. The notes would have similar financial terms to the IMF’s recent bilateral borrowing agreements.
Evaluation of Technical Assistance on Bank Supervision by Long-Term Experts in Asia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Technical Assistance Delivery by Long-Term Experts are an increasingly important vehicle for delivering TA in all financial sector areas. In recent years, the amount of MCM TA provided through LTEs has been about 28 staff years annually, or 36 percent of MCM’s total TA field delivery (including RTACs). This share has recently risen as a result of the steady increase in external financing and the cutback in MCM’s own resources for capacity building in the context of the recent downsizing. Indeed, the share of LTEs (who are mostly externally financed) in total planned MCM TA jumped to 41 percent in fiscal year 2009 (May-April). As these factors are expected to persist, the importance of LTEs as a means of delivering TA will likely increase further.
Update on the Financing of the Fund's Concessional Assistance and Debt Relief to Low-Income Member Countries
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper provides a semi-annual review of the status of financing for PRGF-ESF lending, subsidization of emergency assistance, and HIPC and MDRI debt relief. The last review was completed by the Executive Board on September 24, 2008. The paper does not address the G-20’s recent call for additional concessional resources, which is discussed in a separate paper.
The FY2010-FY2012 Medium-Term Administrative, Restructuring, and Capital Budgets
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper presents for Executive Board approval proposals for the FY 10–12 medium-term administrative budget, and the FY 10 capital budget in the context of the FY 10–12 capital plan.

It also proposes to carry forward up to six percent of the unspent resources from the FY 09 administrative budget to help finance increased costs associated with the global financial crisis.
Togo - Assessment Letter for the World Bank
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This note provides the IMF staff assessment of recent macroeconomic developments in Togo and progress under the Fund-supported three-year Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility program (PRGF) starting from January 2008 based on preliminary information through end-December 2008.