bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gas dynamics within landfast sea ice of an Arctic fjord (NE Greenland) during the spring–summer transition
Authors: Geilfus Nicolas-Xavier , Delille Bruno , Tison Jean-Louis , Lemes Marcos , Rysgaard Søren
Published: April 2023

Sea ice is an active component of the Earth’s climate system, interacting with both the atmosphere and the ocean. Arctic sea ice is commonly covered by melt ponds during late spring and summer, strongly affecting sea ice physical and optical properties. How melt pond formation affects sea ice gas dynamics and exchanges between sea ice and the atmosphere, with potential feedbacks on climate, is not well known. Here we measured concentrations of N2, O2, and Ar, total alkalinity, and dissolved inorganic carbon within sea ice of Young Sound, NE Greenland, to examine how melt pond formation and meltwater drainage through the ice affect its physical properties and gas composition, including impacts on CO2 exchange with the atmosphere. Sea ice gas composition was controlled mainly by physical processes, with most of the gas initially in gaseous form in the upper ice layer. A minor contribution from biological processes was associated with positive estimates of net community production (up to 2.6 µmol Lice−1 d−1), indicating that the ice was net autotrophic. As the sea ice warmed, the upper ice gas concentrations decreased, suggesting a release of gas bubbles to the atmosphere. However, as melt ponds formed, the ice surface became strongly depleted in gases. Due to melt pond development, meltwater permeated through the ice, resulting in the formation of an underwater ice layer also depleted in gases. Sea ice, including brine, slush, and melt ponds, was undersaturated in CO2 compared to the atmosphere, supporting an uptake of up to −4.26 mmol m−2 d−1 of atmospheric CO2. As melt pond formation progressed, however, this uptake weakened in the strongly altered remaining ice surface (the “white ice”), averaging −0.04 mmol m−2 d−1. This study reveals the importance of melt pond formation and dynamics for sea ice gas composition.
Biopolitical Vietnam
Authors: Edington Claire , Lincoln Martha
Published: April 2023

The administration and management of life, health, and populations—or “biopolitics”—have long been a tacit concern of scholars of historic and contemporary Vietnam. Yet to date, there has been relatively little formal treatment of the constructs of biopolitics or biopower by scholars working in the field of Vietnamese studies. Noting the rich evidence for a “biopolitical Vietnam” already extant in interdisciplinary literatures, this introduction to the special issue explores the potential analytic and disciplinary payoffs of yet more focused and intentional inquiries into the politics of life across Vietnamese contexts.
Mortal Remains as Biohazard
Authors: Le Anh Sy Huy
Published: April 2023

This article examines French efforts to disrupt the transfer of two thousand Chinese remains from Sài Gòn–Chợ Lớn to Hong Kong in 1892. French officials cited biohazardous threats as grounds for legal interdiction, infuriating Cantonese leaders who demanded the removal of bureaucratic obstacles to repatriations. Situating French epidemiology within a global bubonic plague outbreak, this article shows how colonial panic activated a racialized biopolitics that demonized Chinese bodies as plague-borne menaces and justified drastic measures. As interimperial competitions for biomedical research intensified, transnational Chinese practices, perceived as undermining public health initiatives, became a flashpoint of conflicts over hygiene, mobility, and interethnic interactions.
Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease: education, collaboration and information sharing between doctors, dentists and patients
Authors: Turner Christopher , Bouloux Pierre-Marc
Published: April 2023

People living with diabetes (DM) are at higher risk of developing periodontal disease than those without diabetes. This observation was ﬁrst recorded in 1928. It is now believed that the risk is 3-4 times greater than for people without DM, and more for smokers. However, many doctors are not aware of this.
DM and periodontal disease are bi-directionally linked, the one affecting the other and vice versa, although the mechanism is not fully understood. Periodontal disease has an adverse effect on glycaemic control. That improves when periodontitis is successfully treated.
Doctors should consider periodontal disease when their patients have persistently high glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and dentists should consider diabetes or pre-diabetes when they have patients with unstable periodontitis.
Doctors and dentists, and their teams, need to share results. This paper considers what that shared information should be. A system of red, amber and green for both medical and dental risks is proposed. Until there are reliable methods of information exchanges and a paradigm shift in inter-professional working, patients should obtain their medical and dental results and share them with their respective advisors.
Those patients who do not attend for dental care should be advised by their doctor about the potential beneﬁts of dental screening for periodontitis.
The human α cell in health and disease
Authors: Pettway Yasminye D , Saunders Diane C , Brissova Marcela
Published: April 2023

In commemoration of 100 years since the discovery of glucagon, we review current knowledge about the human α cell. Alpha cells make up 30–40% of human islet endocrine cells and play a major role in regulating whole-body glucose homeostasis, largely through the direct actions of their main secretory product – glucagon – on peripheral organs. Additionally, glucagon and other secretory products of α cells, namely acetylcholine, glutamate, and glucagon-like peptide-1, have been shown to play an indirect role in the modulation of glucose homeostasis through autocrine and paracrine interactions within the islet. Studies of glucagon’s role as a counterregulatory hormone have revealed additional important functions of the α cell, including the regulation of multiple aspects of energy metabolism outside that of glucose. At the molecular level, human α cells are defined by the expression of conserved islet-enriched transcription factors and various enriched signature genes, many of which have currently unknown cellular functions. Despite these common threads, notable heterogeneity exists amongst human α cell gene expression and function. Even greater differences are noted at the inter-species level, underscoring the importance of further study of α cell physiology in the human context. Finally, studies on α cell morphology and function in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as other forms of metabolic stress, reveal a key contribution of α cell dysfunction to dysregulated glucose homeostasis in disease pathogenesis, making targeting the α cell an important focus for improving treatment.
Análisis de eficiencia productiva: Una comparación interdepartamental entre Facultades de la Universidad de Atacama
Authors: Barahona-Urbina Planck , Barahona-Droguett Manuel
Published: April 2023

Introducción. Actualmente las universidades públicas están siendo objeto de importantes transformaciones educativas en un contexto donde el Estado está exigiendo criterios de racionalidad y eficiencia económica. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la eficiencia técnica para el total de los 14 Departamentos de la Facultades de Ingeniería, Tecnológica y Humanidades que conforman la Universidad de Atacama para el período lectivo 2020. Metodología. La metodología propuesta es un análisis envolvente de datos DEA-CCR orientado inputs con rendimientos constante a escala y un modelo BCC con rendimientos variables a escala. Este tipo de análisis es un aporte de la programación matemática que transforma innumerables inputs y output medidos en una sola suma de productividad eficiente (Coll Serrano & Blasco Blasco, 2006). Como variables inputs se han escogido el presupuesto anual, los gastos operacionales, número de alumnado matriculado, cantidad de personal académico, años de experiencia, carga promedio en docencia y tesis tuteladas y como variables outputs, las publicaciones científicas indexadas y el plan operativo anual. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron que los Departamentos 2 y 3 de la Facultad Tecnológica deben reducir sus inputs en un 77,8% y 85,1% respectivamente para situarse en la frontera eficiente. En la Facultad de Ingeniería hubo un mejor desempeño en términos del uso eficiente de los recursos. Conclusiones. Se puede concluir, respecto de la importancia del análisis de eficiencia productiva interdepartamental, que permita mejorar la toma de decisiones de las autoridades universitarias. Se recomienda a las autoridades universitarias llevar a cabo un estudio de la mejora en los años venideros.
Comportamiento productivo y calidad de huevo en gallinas de postura alimentadas con cuatro fuentes comerciales de fosfato inorgánico
Authors: Salinas C. Annie , Paredes M. Daniela , Nakandakari A. Luis
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento productivo de gallinas de postura comercial suplementadas con cuatro fuentes comerciales de fosfatos inorgánicos durante cuatro semanas. Se emplearon 960 gallinas Hy-Line Brown de 56 semanas de edad, distribuidas en 4 tratamientos con 6 repeticiones cada uno y 40 gallinas por repetición. Los tratamientos fueron: T1, Dieta con fosfato dicálcico (DCP)-Perú; T2, Dieta con DCP-China; T3, Dieta con fosfato mono-dicálcico (MDCP)-Perú y T4, Dieta con fosfato mono-cálcico (MCP)-China. Las dietas fueron formuladas para contener 0.36% de fósforo disponible y los demás nutrientes de acuerdo con las especificaciones nutricionales de la línea genética. Se registró el porcentaje de producción de huevo, masa de huevo, consumo de alimento y conversión alimenticia. Asimismo, el peso de huevo, porcentaje de cáscara, porcentaje de yema y albumen, grosor de cáscara, gravedad específica, color de cáscara, color de yema y Unidades Haugh (UH). No se encontraron diferencias significativa por efecto de la fuente de fósforo en el peso de huevo, color de cáscara y yema, mientras que el porcentaje de cáscara, grosor de cáscara, gravedad específica, UH y porcentaje de yema fueron afectados (p<0.05) por los tratamientos dietarios. Se concluye que las fuentes de fosfato inorgánico evaluadas no tuvieron efecto significativo sobre los parámetros productivos, y que los huevos de las gallinas suplementadas con el DCP-China presentaron una mayor gravedad específica en comparación a las otras fuentes de fosfato inorgánico.
Determinación de parásitos intestinales en perros con dueño de la ciudad de Talca, Chile, y su asociación con variables epidemiológicas
Authors: Muñoz-Caro Tamara , Sáez Daniela , Aravena Constanza
Published: April 2023

Se determinó la presencia de parásitos intestinales potencialmente zoonóticos a partir de heces de perros con dueño de la ciudad de Talca, Chile, mediante un muestreo por conveniencia (n=100) entre julio y diciembre de 2020. Las muestras se analizaron mediante la técnica modificada de sedimentación difásica con formol-éter dietílico (SAF). Se encontró una prevalencia de 18% de muestras positivas a parásitos intestinales. Se identificaron dos especies: Toxocara canis (14%) y Trichuris vulpis (5%), ambas con potencial zoonótico. Además, se evaluaron tres variables epidemiológicas: edad, confinamiento y estado sanitario mediante las pruebas de Chi cuadrado, prueba exacta de Fisher y Odds ratio encontrando significancia estadística para las variables edad (p<0.05) y confinamiento (p=0.001). Dado que los perros muestreados tienen dueño, los resultados ponen en evidencia la importancia de la tenencia responsable de mascotas, la correcta desparasitación, y la educación a la población por médicos veterinarios respecto al cuidado de la salud animal y los riesgos asociados de la transmisión de parásitos zoonóticos desde las mascotas a los humanos.
Variation of milk urea nitrogen according to milk yield and milk protein in Holstein cows in Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Tarazona-Manrique Luis Edgar , Andrade-Becerra Roy José , Vargas-Abella Julio César
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the variation of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) concentration according to milk yield and milk protein in Holstein cows in Boyacá, Colombia. Data previously collected (n=4901) over two years were used. Univariate analysis of variance was performed with the variables milk yield (l/day) and milk protein (%) as independent variables and the concentration of MUN as the dependent variable. In addition, a simple linear correlation analysis was performed between each variable. The results showed that MUN values are higher when milk yield is lower, but no statistical differences were found for MUN concentration according to milk protein content. Weak and negative correlation was found between milk yield and MUN concentration, but no significant correlation was found between milk protein and MUN concentration.
The singing culture of the Holy Trinity Seraphim-Diveevsky monastery of the late 19th — 1st quarter of the 20th century (according to the memoirs of contemporaries)
Authors: Reznichenko Evgenia , Stepanova Polina
Published: April 2023

The article presents the experience of scientific reconstruction of fragments of the liturgical and singing life of the Holy Trinity Seraphim-Diveevsky Monastery from the late 1880s until the closure of the monastery (1927). The context is, on the one hand, historical data, on the other hand, materials related to the prehistory of the formation of Diveev's own singing culture. The main source base was the memories of pilgrims and residents of the monastery. Memoir literature is practically the only thing that allows us to judge the singing culture of Diveyev of the pre-revolutionary period and the first post-revolutionary years, since during the Soviet period the monastery was ruined, its archive was not preserved, liturgical books and sheet music were lost.The picture is complemented by data on the liturgical and singing component of the life of the Diveevo sisters after the closure of the monastery, about the preservation of the clergy traditions of the monastery by the nuns in exile.Having collected and systematized the preserved information, the authors tried to "contour" (as far as the available materials allow) to recreate the image of Diveevo singing at the turn of the century and in the first quarter of the twentieth century — with its characteristic high solemnity of services, "harmony of the chartered monastery", an excellent level of choral performance. The single information that has come down to us about the repertoire, which included both traditional chants and the author's spiritual music during this period, is presented and commented on.The work outlines the periodization of the history of liturgical singing of the Diveevo monastery. A hypothesis is put forward about the gradual change of stylistic guidelines in local church singing. If, judging by the available data, at the beginning of the XIX century, monody tunes based on the style of Old Russian chants sounded in Diveyevo, then at the beginning of the XX century, a multi-layered, stylistically polyphonic singing culture was formed here, including the author's spiritual music and a corpus of local chants of traditional stylistics ("Diveyevsky chants").
Rare diversity of forest vegetation of the steppe zone: current state, threats and directions of changes
Authors: Ustymenko P. M. , Dubyna D. V. , Baranovskyi B. O. , Zhykharieva A. V.
Published: April 2023

Under the action of various forms of human activity, there was a violation of the integrity and unity of the vegetation cover of the steppe zone of Ukraine. The consequence of this is the fragmentation of vegetation. It was established that the decrease in the area of plant communities leads to an increase in their dependence on environmental factors. An important component of the phytocoenotic cover, and first of all the forest cover, which is the biotic basis of the functioning of the biosphere, its evolution and maintenance of an ecologically balanced state, is a rare phytocoenofund. The purpose of the work was to compile information on the current state of rare groups in the steppe zone using data from ecological and coenotic studies, sociological analysis and assessment of the latest threats to rare forest diversity. A critical analysis of the current rare phytocenophyte, the data of modern synphytosozological studies and the latest geobotanical information on the rare phytocenotic diversity made it possible to establish a modern rare phytocenophyte of the forests of the steppe zone of Ukraine. It has 16 associations of three formations. The sociological analysis showed that all phytocoenoses of 16 rare forest associations are characterized by a rare type of association, are located on the border of the range, and 5 associations are formed by an endemic species. According to their sociological status, they are divided into rare (4 associations) and endangered species (12 associations). The potential for natural recovery of populations of dominant species of groups in specific ecological conditions is very weak or weak in all 16 rare forest associations. Currently, rare forest communities are most negatively affected due to the complete loss or fragmentation of habitats, pollution, overexploitation of species and ecosystems, competition from populations of adventive species, global climate change and unbalanced development of forestry, military actions.
Hydrochemical characteristics and anthropogenic components of the ionic effluent of the Samara river
Authors: Kotovych O. V. , Yakovenko V. M. , Ryzhenko K. I.
Published: April 2023

The aim of this work was to provide a retrospective review of the main hydrochemical indicators of the water of the Samara River and to calculate the anthropogenic component of ion flow in the modern period, to provide a comparative assessment of the relevant indicators for the entire period of scientific observations. From the average-long-term data of the hydrochemical composition of the water of the Samara River, it can be seen that the ionic composition of the water of the Samara River had chloride and chloride-sulfate classes, calcium, calcium-magnesium and sodium groups. There is a trend towards increasing water mineralization in the Samara River. So, in 1929, the total mineralization of river water ranged from 965 to 1738 mg/dm3. During the period from 1929 to 2006, total mineralization increased by an average of 1,800 mg/dm3. The hardness increased by 12 mg-eq/dm3. The content of chlorine ions increased by an average of 300 mg/dm3. The fact of the growth of these indicators can be connected, first of all, with the inflow of mine waters from the mines of Central and Western Donbass. In the modern period, the saline composition of the water of the Samara River was characterized by an increased content of salts. The dry balance as of January 2022 was equal to 4228 mg/dm3. Such indicators can be considered record for the entire time of observations. There are several possible reasons for this phenomenon. One of them can be a change in the ratio of natural runoff and discharges of mine drainage water, with an increased share of the latter. Another factor may be the global aridization of the climate and, as a result, the reduction of the water content of the region and the reduction of the share of natural river flow. The anthropogenic component of the total removal of salts during the period from 1929 to the present has increased by 1 million 100 thousand tons, while the total amount of water-soluble salts does not grow uniformly. A sharp increase is noticeable since 1978, which coincides with the period of active commissioning of the mines of Western Donbass. Since then, the growth of the anthropogenic component has relatively stabilized. Relatively constant values of anthropogenic content – 53.5–64.4% are noted for calcium ions. Moreover, the anthropogenic component of magnesium ions at the time of our research (February 2022) was in negative dynamics. The largest percentage of the growth of the anthropogenic component of the Samara River ion flow is associated with sulfate and sodium ions. In general, anthropogenic influence on the formation of the salt composition of the Samara River water has been noted since the very beginning of observations – in the mid-thirties of the last century.
To the ecology and biology of closely related species of thrushes of the genus Turdus in different landscapes of northeastern Ukraine
Authors: Melnikov R. O. , Yarуs O. O.
Published: April 2023

Systematic observations of the avifauna of the Pine park in in the city Lohvytsia, the outskirts of the village Potoky and in the «Vakalivshchyna» tract allow to conclude that song thrushes and blackbirds are quite numerous birds, due to the large number of biotopes suitable for their nesting. 37 cases of nesting of Turdus merula and 30 cases of Turdus philomelos were noted. The nesting density of the song thrush in the Pine park of Lokhvytsia is set at 0,36 pairs/km2. In the vicinity of the village The flow rate was 0,96 pairs/km2, in the Vakalivshchyna tract it was 2,5 pairs/km2. For the blackbird, the nesting density in Pine park was 0,36 pairs/km2, the vicinity of the village Potoky – 0,46 pairs/km2 and in oak tracts – 1,5 pairs/km2. In various landscapes of northeastern Ukraine, the nesting period of songbirds and blackbirds extends from April to June. In the Poltava region, the singing thrush arrives days earlier than in the Sumy region. We tend to believe that this is related to the adaptation of the species to the environment in the conditions of urban tree plantations. In different landscapes of the north-east of Ukraine, the construction of nests by Turdus philomelos begins in the first ten days of April (04.01−10.04) at the daytime temperature of +8.5±1.5 °C. Turdus merula builds nests in the first ten days of April (01.04−10.04) in various landscapes of the north-east of Ukraine at an average daily temperature of +5.0±1.0 °С. When different species of blackbirds live together (in the same conditions), species-specific features are most clearly manifested in the distribution of nests by species of trees and bushes, the nature of the location of nests and the height of their placement. The list of species of trees and bushes on which nests of Turdus philomelos and Turdus merula are placed includes 8 plant species. Turdus philomelos prefers nesting sites for Acer negundo (66.6%) in the vicinity of the village Potoky, Ulmus minor (55.5%) and Acer negundo (44.5%) in the Pine Park, Quercus robur (50%) and Ulmus minor (50%) in the Vakalivshchyna tract. Both types of blackbirds are characterized by individual variability in the choice of nest locations. This is most clearly manifested in the atypical location of the nests in the artificial nests (without the top cover and front wall).
Colectividad docente y trayectorias profesionales en el contexto chileno de rendición de cuentas
Authors: Ortiz Mallegas Sebastián Andrés , Sepúlveda Bravo René , Carrasco-Aguilar Claudia , Verdejo Valenzuela Tabisa , Vergara Araya Lilian
Published: April 2023

Las políticas educativas de privatización y rendición de cuentas han configurado un contexto de crecientes exigencias profesionales que ha impactado en los mecanismos de profesionalización del profesorado y el desarrollo de sus trayectorias. Chile ha sido descrito, por la literatura internacional, como un caso particular en la implementación de estas normativas. Asimismo, la evidencia empírica sobre trayectorias profesionales docentes ha relevado el papel de la colectividad como una respuesta frente a estas normativas, en tanto el colectivo es fuente de aprendizajes e identidad para su desarrollo profesional. Este estudio analizó el lugar del colectivo docente en las trayectorias profesionales de tres docentes chilenos -un hombre y dos mujeres- de la asignatura de Lenguaje y Comunicación. Se analizó la noción de un “nosotros y nosotras” de referencia en el contexto de la política de carrera docente chilena. A partir de un paradigma cualitativo con un diseño interno de tipo narrativo se realizaron entre cinco y seis entrevistas con cada docente participante. El análisis de contenido temático narrativo mostró una configuración del colectivo en el marco de la reconstrucción de las trayectorias individuales, en dualidad y en respuesta a una política de evaluación que los devalúa en su individualidad. Estos resultados concluyen un proceso de identificación ambivalente con la colectividad docente de referencia. Se discuten las implicancias de la emergencia de un discurso colectivo en el marco de trayectorias individuales.
Better Together
Authors: Sweeney† Eleanor Leggett
Published: April 2023

This conceptual article argues for the importance of placing creativity at the center of second language (L2) learning and takes music as an illustration of the potential benefits to teachers and learners. The value of music as a resource for L2 education derives from our primary experiences of music as both physical and emotional, thus creating embodied understandings of patterns, rhythms, and words that engage us cognitively and emotionally. Throughout human history, the combination of melody, rhythm, tempo, and structure of each culture’s music has served as a memory tool, a celebration of shared meaning, a space for culturally determined emotional arousal, and a mediator of cooperative physical activity. Following Kozulin’s (1998) analysis of psychological tools as cultural constructions (e.g., numbers, graphic organizers, maps, language, etc.) that allow us to organize our mental functions, music is identified as a unique psychological tool in that it prioritizes and regulates emotive factors along with cognitive factors of development. In this way, music offers possibilities for creating Zones of Proximal Development (ZPD) through activity that advances cognitive goals, such as L2 teaching and learning, and that simultaneously provokes emotional responses and engagement. The paper discusses key features of Vygotskian Sociocultural Theory, including psychological tools (Kozulin, 1998; Lantolf and Thorne, 2006), the ZPD (Vygotsky, 1978), and perezhivanie (Mok, 2015; Vygotsky, 1934/1998), considering how together they lead to a way of approaching L2 teaching and learning that favors creativity and playfulness over grammar rules and that can be advanced through the integration of music into classroom activity.
ON α- MARTENSITE NUCLEATION IN STEELS AND IRON ALLOYS
Authors: Zolotarevsky I. , Ol’shanetskii V.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To investigate the possibility of martensite nucleation on magnetic (concentration) inhomogeneities of chrome-nickel steels austenite.

Research methods. Generalization of experimental and theoretical studies of the strong magnetic field effect on the martensitic transformation in steels and iron alloys, taking into account the magnetic state of austenite

Results. The analysis of the magnetic state of austenite and the abnormally large strong magnetic field effect on the martensite point displacement in 40X2H20 steel indicates that the transformation of austenite into martensite in it is a “magnetic first order phase transition”.

Scientific novelty. Some features of the martensitic transformation in steels and iron alloys are explained. It is assumed that martensite during the “magnetic γ→α- transition” originates on magnetic inhomogeneities with a disoriented magnetic structure of the spin glass type. Forced magnetostriction during paraprocess and spontaneous magnetostriction below the Curie point lead to the emergence of collinear ferromagnetism with a change in the coordination number from 12 to 8. High all-round pressure leads to the occurrence of collinear antiferromagnetism and the γ-phase stabilization. In paramagnetic austenite the nucleation of α-martensite occurs on dislocation nuclei, the sizes of which have the same order of magnitude (by volume) as the magnetic inhomogeneities in the Fe-Ni system.

Practical value. The results obtained in the work expand the concept of martensitic transformation in steels and provide grounds for explaining some kinetic features in them.
EN Condition and prospective directions of development of renewable energy in Ukraine
Authors: Панасюк П.І. , Воронін А.В.
Published: April 2023

The problem of rational use of energy resources, increasing the level of energy efficiency and energy security is a necessary condition for the harmonious economic and social development of Ukraine. Renewable energy is a global trend and one of the most promising energy industries in the world. "Green" energy is able to provide the energy needs of all mankind and therefore requires significant attention. Its environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness speak for themselves, as a result, today all developed countries are taking a cue from the popularization and development of renewable energy, and Ukraine is no exception. Ukraine has significant potential in the field of renewable energy, as evidenced by the main indicators of capacity, production and consumption. It is worth noting the investment attractiveness of this industry. In the paper has been investigated the role of renewable energy sources in the energy balance of Ukraine.The process of carrying out was accompanied by the use of the following general scientific and special research methods, in particular: analysis, synthesis, comparison during the study of the world experience in the development of renewable energy and the determination of promising directions of development. development of renewable energy sources in Ukraine; comparative and retrospective analysis and abstraction to determine the main trends and features of the development of the renewable energy sector of Ukraine, as well as to assess the investment opportunities of entrepreneurship; mathematical modeling to justify the energy and economic efficiency of bioenergy development in Ukraine; economic and statistical - to assess the state of renewable energy in Ukraine; tabular and graphic - for visual display of statistical material and schematic display of theoretical and practical provisions of the study. The segmentation of renewable energy and the analysis of capacities made it possible to determine the main prospects and directions of investment in the industry, based on the example of world experience, and the role of investments for the development of this industry was determined. The paper was carried out an assessment of the development potential of bioenergy in Ukraine based on agricultural crop waste
Polish Higher-Education Institutions in International Cooperation: Evidence from the European Union Framework Programmes
Authors: Krzyżek-Liburska Sylwia
Published: April 2023

Objective: Polish higher-education institutions (HEIs) compete for European funds with excellent European universities that have comprehensive support systems for applying for research grants. This paper’s aim is to analyse the patterns of participation of Polish higher-education institutions in the 7th and 8th EU framework programmes, and their relationship with the characteristics of universities and national and geographical effects. Research Design & Methods: This article uses the CORDIS database for analysing data concerning projects financed under FP7 and the Horizon 2020 Programme. Findings: The literature emphasises the weak starting position of Polish entities in competing for international grants. The low results of Polish institutions in EU FPs might be due to many factors, including system and structural, institutional, and mental barriers. Implications / Recommendations: There is the necessity for a detailed examination of the determinants of the success of research proposals and the development of a system that will support strategic decisions on applying for grants at Polish universities in order to increase the absorption of EU funds. Contribution / Value Added: New legislation in Poland has forced universities to change their expectations towards academic staff in order to achieve the highest possible categorisation of disciplines and universities. Polish scientists are under pressure to publish their research in reputable journals. Therefore, it might be possible to observe a direct emphasis on application for research grants and timely settlement of projects in case of obtaining grants.
Perfil bacteriano da vesícula biliar e dos cálculos biliares de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia por colelitíase complicada e não complicada: mudanças no cenário epidemiológico
Authors: HIRATA BRUNO HENRIQUE NUNES , SASAGAWA SUZETHE , NAVARINI ALESSANDRA , MATEUS HENRIQUE CUNHA , PACHECO JUNIOR ADHEMAR MONTEIRO , SALLES MAURO JOSÉ COSTA
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Introdução: a colelitíase é uma doença do sistema digestivo de alta prevalência no mundo. No Brasil, trata-se de uma condição rotineira, cujos estudos sugerem uma prevalência em torno de 10% dos adultos. A colonização de patógenos da bile e do cálculo biliar pode ocorrer quando há estase e proliferação bacteriana. Esta proliferação é facilitada pela capacidade de adesão e de formação de biofilme de algumas bactérias. Também há processos litogênicos que envolvem a participação bacteriana. Estudos evidenciaram mudanças na microbiota da vesícula biliar de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia, o que pode impactar no tratamento empírico com antibióticos. Metodologia: Realizou-se análises microbiológicas do fluido de sonicação dos cálculos biliares e de duas amostras com bile. A identificação e o teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foram realizados de acordo com uma rotina padrão. Resultados: Nos 34 pacientes, 76,4% deles foram do sexo feminino. A faixa etária foi de 48 anos +/- 16,61. A colecistite aguda ocorreu em 50% dos casos. A bactobilia foi evidenciada em 32,1% dos casos. Notou-se Klebisiella pneumoniae como o patógeno mais prevalente em quadros de colecistite aguda; e Enterobacter sp, nos casos de colelitíase não complicada. Obteve-se maior sensibilidade na pesquisa de microrganismos nas amostras de fluido de sonicação dos cálculos em relação às de bile (p=0,0058). Conclusão: Houve maior prevalência de bactobilia nos pacientes com colecistite aguda em relação àqueles com colelitíase não complicada. A utilização da sonicação na investigação bacteriana se mostrou superior ao método convencional e pode ser considerada.
A Study on the Ancient theater of official house in The Taihang mountain area of North Henan Province in China
Authors: Peng Hengli , Li Hanwen
Published: April 2023

Abstract: As a particular type of ancient Chinese theater, talented theater of official house was mainly found in the Taihang Mountain area, in North Henan Province, which was formed in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. The appearance of it is related to the local natural environment, folk culture and agricultural productivity. Through field investigation, it is found that there are eight existing theaters in the Taihang Mountain area of North Henan Province; among which three ones are newly discovered that have not been documented by the academic circle before, as well as several traditional Chinese opera steles and wall inscriptions. This is the first time the academic circle discloses relevant data and information. These provide physical evidence the performance of the village opera in the Taihang Mountain area of the Qing Dynasty, in China. Especially the inscriptions on the steles and the stage wall can reflect some features of the local opera performance since the Qing Dynasty, such as the type, time, troupe, and so on. To some extent, the richness of these ancient theaters of official house, with the architectural styles of ancient Chinese opera, has a significant value related to historical material and cultural relics. The first-hand data obtained in the investigation will also provide the latest research materials on ancient Chinese opera and theater architecture.
Interação nefro-intensivista pediátrica na lesão renal aguda
Authors: Ferrari Cassio Rodrigues , Lopes Carlos Eduardo , Belangero Vera Maria Santoro
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Introdução: Os conceitos sobre diagnóstico e conduta da Lesão Renal Aguda (LRA) na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) tem como ponto primordial a avaliação do balanço hídrico. Em nossa UTI, de 2004 a 2012, a participação do nefrologista era sob demanda. A partir de 2013, a participação passou a ser contínua em reunião de discussão de casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar como a maior interação nefrologista/intensivista influenciou a frequência de indicação de diálise, no balanço hídrico e na classificação pRIFLE durante esses dois períodos de observação. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, avaliação longitudinal de todas as crianças com LRA em diálise (2004 a 2016). Parâmetros estudados: frequência de indicação, tempo de duração e volume de infusão nas 24 horas precedendo a diálise; diurese e balanço hídrico a cada 8 horas. Estatística não paramétrica, p ≤ 0,05. Resultado: 53 pacientes (47 antes e 6 após 2013). Sem diferença significativa no número de internações e nem de cirurgias cardíacas entre os períodos. Após 2013, houve diminuição significativa no número de indicação de diálise/ano (5,85 vs. 1,5; p = 0,000); no volume de infusão (p = 0,02), aumento do tempo de duração da diálise (p = 0,002) e melhora da discriminação do componente diurese do pRIFLE na indicação de LRA. Conclusão: Integração entre equipes de UTI e nefrologia pediátrica na discussão rotineira de casos, abordando criticamente o balanço hídrico, foi determinante para a melhora na conduta da LRA na UTI.
The new wave of international authoritarian populism of the 2010s has also arrived in Africa? The Mozambique and Angolan cases
Authors: Vidal Nuno Fragoso
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the possible impact of the most recent international authoritarian populist tendencies on sub-Saharan African political systems. Contrary to the main currents of interpretation, this paper argues that we are not in face of a new international influence or role model being locally followed, but in face of the most recent example of a long political-historical path of selective assimilation of international trends to local political systems as structured after independence. We are not witnessing to poor local replicas of the most recent international wave of authoritarian populism of 2010s, but to another selective assimilation of political features to serve the existing and locally dominant systems. Through the analysis of the specific cases of Mozambique and Angola, this paper theoretically and historically discusses the nature of regimes and political systems through a critical approach on the most recent historical/political science discussions of so-called hybrid regimes, combining liberal and illiberal features, that resort to concepts such as illiberal democracies, façade democracies, electoral autocracies, semi-authoritarian states, competitive authoritarian regimes, post-neo-liberal States, or new competitive authoritarian regimes, among others.
“El caudillo de los cholos”: reflexões sobre a vida de um homem negro livre na América espanhola em tempos de guerra (1809-1811)
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno Pinheiro
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este estudo analisa o protagonismo de um negro livre conhecido na região andina como Quitacapas, durante o início da guerra de independência no Alto Peru (atual Bolívia), entre 1809 a 1811. Fugido da capitania de Mato Grosso, se transformou na região no porta-voz do povo. Com a intenção de entender até que ponto a trajetória deste sujeito é representativa para pensar a vida de ex-escravizados após a fuga, bem como compreender a participação de negros nos eventos relativos às guerras de independência na América espanhola, traçaremos um panorama das fugas da América portuguesa para a espanhola e, posteriormente, refletiremos as nuances do caso Quitacapas à luz do recrutamento de soldados negros durante o período de guerra. Acreditamos que a partir da sua trajetória seja possível vislumbrar uma massa de homens e mulheres outrora negligenciados e subalternizados.
Graça Aranha e paródias oswaldianas: a alegria cósmica e a prova dos nove
Authors: Caixeta Maryllu de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Estudo algumas paródias oswaldianas de certas noções, formuladas por Graça Aranha, quando considerava, em chave racialista e pessimista, ser a incipiente imaginação metafísica dos povos nacionais primitivos o motivo da paralisia do país. Como questão de fundo, destaco nas representações da cultura nacional, por Graça Aranha, a impregnação de um pessimismo racialista duradouro. Considero essas paródias, particularmente, em dois momentos distintos: na radicalização antropofágica, ante a dominância de discursos racialistas e metafísicos; e na frustração, manifesta n’O rei da vela, quanto à modernização conservadora.
The impact of Duolingo in developing students’ linguistic competence: an aspect of communicative language competences
Authors: Peláez-Sánchez Iris Cristina , Velásquez-Durán Anabel
Published: April 2023

Abstract This paper reports the impact of a type of m-learning on developing students’ linguistic and communicative competence in English as a second language. This study is a Mexican-based case using Duolingo to improve virtual courses in higher education students whose first language is Spanish. This study is a quasi-experimental research that analyzed pre-test and post-test results on a sample of 40 participants (control group of 20 participants and experimental group of 20 participants). The measuring instruments were designed for this specific study and focused on testing the six components of linguistic competence according to CEFR at level A2 (2018). A pilottest was previously conducted, and pre-test (0.81) and post-test (0.98) coefficients were considered acceptable according to Cronbach’s Alpha. This study addressed the following questions: a) How does Duolingo contribute to the development of linguistic competence in higher education students and support English learning in virtual courses via the m-learning methodology? and b) Which components were improved in student´s linguistic competence after using Duolingo? Results revealed a profound improvement in the experimental group participants. The post-test result of the experimental group is superior ( M=43.75) compared with the control group (M=30.35), mainly in the phonological control (+5.20) and the orthographic control (+2.65) compared with the control group, whose score slightly increased primarily attributed to the English virtual classes.
O FENÔMENO “METAVERSO” E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA E ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL
Authors: Bezerra Jr Arandi Ginane , OLIVEIRA FÁBIO ANASTÁCIO DE , CONCEIÇÃO SAM ADAM HOFFMANN
Published: April 2023

O expressivo crescimento do uso de smartphones nas últimas décadas levou a uma mudança na maneira como as pessoas se relacionam com a internet. Também desta forma, espera-se que o que convencionou-se chamar de Metaverso vá impactar drasticamente a maneira como a sociedade vive e entende a tecnologia. Por este motivo, é primordial que professores e educadores compreendam e se apropriem destas tecnologias enquanto o Metaverso está sendo construído. A fim de compreender como as ferramentas imersivas do Metaverso têm sido utilizadas, com especial foco no contexto educacional, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura a partir das bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science, e somou-se a isto uma pesquisa documental a partir de relatórios técnicos de empresas e companhias interessadas no Metaverso. Foi possível perceber que pesquisadores e empreendedores estão ainda buscando compreender o que é e como o Metaverso poderá ser, e que os estudos, especialmente na área educacional, são ainda muito embrionários.
Fairness in Forecasting of Observations of Linear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Zhou Quan , Mareček Jakub , Shorten Robert
Published: April 2023

In machine learning, training data often capture the behaviour of multiple subgroups of some underlying human population. This behaviour can often be modelled as observations of an unknown dynamical system with an unobserved state. When the training data for the subgroups are not controlled carefully, however, under-representation bias arises. To counter under-representation bias, we introduce two natural notions of fairness in timeseries forecasting problems: subgroup fairness and instantaneous fairness. These notion extend predictive parity to the learning of dynamical systems. We also show globally convergent methods for the fairness-constrained learning problems using hierarchies of convexifications of non-commutative polynomial optimisation problems. We also show that by exploiting sparsity in the convexifications, we can reduce the run time of our methods considerably. Our empirical results on a biased data set motivated by insurance applications and the well-known COMPAS data set demonstrate the efficacy of our methods.
The Development of the Modern Guitar Sonata
Authors: Kuźniar Marcin
Published: April 2023

This article explores the directions of development of the guitar sonata after the year 1950. The development of any given form is a highly dynamic process with each period bringing a wide variety of, frequently contradictory, points of view. In this context, the author performed a formal analysis of four guitar sonatas representative of the period in question: Sonata in A major Op. 17 by F. Werthmüller, Sonata Op. 47 by A. Ginastera, The Blue Guitar by M. Tippett and Royal Winter Music by H.W. Henze. The criterion for selecting the works was to allow a thorough overview of the main trends and views on the sonata cycle form present in guitar music of the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. During the research, an image of the sonata as a cycle emerged which presents the contemporary composers with tools that allow them to pur-sue their artistic vision while maintaining certain immutable features of the form in question. This article attempts to define this immutable identity of the sonata.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adaylarının Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutumları ve Dijital Okuryazarlık Becerilerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇİFTCİOĞLU Mustafa , IŞIKOĞLU Nesrin
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarını ve dijital okuryazarlık becerilerini çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Nicel araştırma metotlarından nedensel karşılaştırmanın kullanıldığı araştırmada 400 okul öncesi öğretmen adayından oluşan örneklem belirlenirken tabakalı ve uygun örnekleme yöntemleri tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutum ölçeği, Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği ve demografik bilgi formu vasıtasıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın problemlerinin cevaplanması için tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden, Pearson Korelasyon ile Sperman’nın sıralama katsayılarından, doğrusal ile çoklu regresyon çözümlemelerinden ve çoklu karşılaştırma testlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının dijital okuryazarlık becerilerinin yüksek olduğu, uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumun orta düzeyde olduğu ve bu iki değişkenin aralarında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumun yordanmasında etkili olan değişkenler incelenmiş ve dijital okuryazarlık becerisinin tutumdaki değişimin bir kısmını açıkladığına dair kanıtlar elde edilmiştir. Bu bulgulara ilaveten öğretmen adaylarının demografik özellikleri ve ölçeklerden aldıkları puanlar karşılaştırılmış ve netice olarak anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür. Bulgular doğrultusunda öğretmen yetiştiren kurumlara ve araştırmacılara öneriler sunulmuştur.