bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How socioeconomic status affected the access to health facilities and malaria diagnosis in children under five years: findings from 19 sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Ge Yue , Liang Di , Cao Jun , Gosling Roland , Mushi Vivian , Huang Jiayan
Published: April 2023

Background

Prompt and appropriate clinical management of malaria is critical for reducing the continued high burden of malaria among children under five years in sub-Saharan countries. However, more remains to be known about how a patient’s socioeconomic status (SES) would affect the access to diagnosis of malaria.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study using the Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey, we pooled the data of 38,567 febrile under-five children in 2016–2018 from 19 sub-Saharan countries. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associations between SES and two binary outcomes: the visit to a health facility and a blood test for fever. Stratified analyses were further conducted by the type of health facilities (public hospitals/public primary healthcare facilities/private hospitals/private primary healthcare facilities) for the latter outcome.

Results

Fifty-eight percent of the febrile children were taken to health facilities, among whom only 55% took blood tests. Compared to children from households in the highest wealth quintile, children in the lowest quintile were less likely to be taken to medical facilities [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.775, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.675–0.889]. Parents with more than secondary education were more likely to seek care (aOR = 1.830, 95% CI: 1.561–2.145) and to have blood tests (aOR = 1.729, 95% CI:  1.436–2.082) for their febrile children than parents without formal education. The probabilities of receiving blood tests at public hospitals and public primary healthcare facilities stayed relatively high across parental education levels and wealth quintiles, while these probabilities remained the lowest at private primary healthcare facilities, ranging from 0.100 (95% CI: 0.074–0.127) to 0.139 (95% CI: 0.083–0.194) across parental education levels and from 0.104 (95% CI: 0.078–0.130) to 0.125 (95% CI: 0.090–0.160) across wealth quintiles.

Conclusions

Significant socioeconomic disparities existed both in the access to health facilities and laboratory diagnosis of malaria in children in sub-Saharan African countries. These disparities were particularly evident in the private sector. Universal health coverage needs to be further strengthened to make formal healthcare in general and the laboratory diagnosis of malaria more accessible and affordable.

Graphical abstract
How photo editing in social media shapes self-perceived attractiveness and self-esteem via self-objectification and physical appearance comparisons
Authors: Ozimek Phillip , Lainas Semina , Bierhoff Hans-Werner , Rohmann Elke
Published: April 2023

Background

As photo editing behavior to enhance one?s appearance in photos becomes more and more prevalent on social network sites (SNSs), potential risks are increasingly discussed as well. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between photo editing behavior, self-objectification, physical appearance comparisons, self-perceived attractiveness, and self-esteem.

Methods

403 participants completed self-report questionnaires measuring the aformentioned constructs. A parallel-sequential multiple mediation model was conducted to examine the relationship between photo editing behavior and self-esteem considering multiple mediators.

Results

The results indicate that photo editing behavior is negatively related to self-perceived attractiveness and self-esteem mediated via self-objectification and physical appearance comparisons.

Conclusions

The postulated mediation model was justified by our data. Thus, SNS users should be aware of potential negative consequences when using photo editing applications or filters.
Ivabradine in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sasmita Bryan Richard , Xie Siyuan , Liu Gang , Zhu Yuansong , Luo Suxin , Huang Bi
Published: April 2023

Background

Elevated resting heart rate (HR) predicts poor outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Ivabradine has been recommended as a second-line anti-anginal agent in chronic coronary syndrome, while there are no clear indications for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Results

We systematically searched PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Clinical Trials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials with search terms Ivabradine and Acute myocardial infarction. There are two study outcomes from this study: therapeutic and safety effects. Therapeutic effects include the efficacy of Ivabradine on HR, all-cause mortality, heart failure incidence, left ventricular function and remodeling. Safety effects include troponin levels and ischemic events (recurrent angina pectoris). A total of 6 RCTs was included and showed that Ivabradine was associated with greater resting HR reduction [MD − 5.40; 95%CI − 8.60, − 2.20], improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction [MD 2.98; 95%CI 0.44, 5.51], and left ventricular end systolic volume [MD − 3.81; 95%CI − 6.88, − 0.75]. However, Ivabradine had no impact on all-cause mortality [OR 0.76; 95%CI 0.35, 1.67], heart failure incidence [OR 0.61; 95%CI 0.21, 1.80], and recurrent angina pectoris [OR 0.71; 95%CI 0.50, 1.00].

Conclusions

Ivabradine is safe and effective for resting HR reduction in patients with STEMI; however, it has no significant influence on mortality. These results suggest that an elevated HR is only a marker of risk but not a modifiable determinant of outcomes in patients who have suffered an acute myocardial infarction.
Η συμβολή της φιλοσοφίας των φυσικών επιστημών στη διδασκαλία των φυσικών επιστημών στην εκπαίδευση ενηλίκων
Authors: Τζαμπάζη Άννα
Published: April 2023

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή αναζητά τον κοινό τόπο ανάμεσα στη φιλοσοφία των φυσικών επιστημών, τον κριτικό επιστημονικό γραμματισμό και τα σχολεία δεύτερης ευκαιρίας (ΣΔΕ). Διερευνά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η φιλοσοφική προσέγγιση φυσικών εννοιών και επιστημονικών ζητημάτων διευκολύνει τον επιστημονικό γραμματισμό και καθιστά εφικτή την ανάδειξη της κριτικής και χειραφετητικής του διάστασης σε ΣΔΕ, με βάση τις ιδιαιτερότητες του πληθυσμού και του εκπαιδευτικού πλαισίου. Απαντά στην ανάγκη (1) διερεύνησης των στρατηγικών διδασκαλίας των φυσικών επιστημών ώστε να είναι λειτουργική και να νοηματοδοτείται ως δικαίωμα με κοινωνικοποιητική και χειραφετητική διάσταση, και (2) υποστήριξης (μελλοντικών και εν ενεργεία) εκπαιδευτικών στη μετάβαση από την παραδοσιακή διδακτική προσέγγιση των φυσικών επιστημών της τυπικής εκπαίδευσης στον κριτικό επιστημονικό γραμματισμό μη προνομιούχων ενήλικων εκπαιδευόμενων. Η ανάγκη αυτή αναδύεται από τη διαρκή υποβάθμιση και απαξίωση του θεσμού των ΣΔΕ, παρά την καινοτομία και τον ριζοσπαστισμό που εισήγαγαν, και από την αμηχανία, με την οποία αντιμετωπίζουν οι περισσότεροι εκπαιδευτικοί των φυσικών επιστημών τη μεταγνωσιακή διάσταση της εκπαίδευσης στις φυσικές επιστήμες και την κριτική προσέγγιση του επιστημονικού γραμματισμού σε εκπαιδευτικά περιβάλλοντα ΣΔΕ. Για τους λόγους αυτούς αναπτύχθηκε κατάλληλο μεθοδολογικό εργαλείο, το μοντέλο 2CHANCE, το οποίο τοποθετεί τη διδασκαλία των φυσικών επιστημών στην εκπαιδευτική συνθήκη των ΣΔΕ, με εστίαση στις ιδιαιτερότητες, τις ανάγκες και τις προσδοκίες των περιθωριοποιημένων, κοινωνικά αποκλεισμένων και στερημένων τη μόρφωση εκπαιδευόμενων, και την προσεγγίζει φιλοσοφικά, δημιουργώντας το πλαίσιο για τον επιστημονικό γραμματισμό μέσα από τη θέαση 8 επιλεγμένων σημείων από τη φιλοσοφία των φυσικών επιστημών, κατάλληλων για την αναπλαισίωση των φυσικών εννοιών, και κοινωνικοπολιτικά, προσφέροντας το έδαφος για μια μετασχηματιστική διαδικασία κριτικής ενδυνάμωσης των εκπαιδευόμενων με στόχο την καλλιέργεια της κριτικής σκέψης και συνειδητοποίησης, την ενεργοποίηση σε κοινωνικο-επιστημονικά ζητήματα και τη συμμετοχή τους στο πολιτικο-κοινωνικό γίγνεσθαι. Σχεδιάστηκαν και υλοποιήθηκαν, με τη μέθοδο της συμμετοχικής και κριτικής έρευνας πεδίου, 7 περιπτώσεις εφαρμογής σε διαφορετικά ΣΔΕ της κεντρικής Μακεδονίας (σε αστικές περιοχές, επαρχιακές πόλεις και φυλακές), που αναλύθηκαν με το μοντέλο 2CHANCE, ως παραδείγματα αξιοποίησης και ανάδειξης της δυναμικής του. Παράλληλα, πραγματοποιήθηκε ποσοτική ανάλυση ερωτηματολογίου κλειστού τύπου και ποιοτική ανάλυση περιεχομένου δυο ταινιών μικρού μήκους, που παράχθηκαν από τον εκπαιδευόμενο πληθυσμό, με το ερευνητικό μοντέλο GNOSIS.
Η αναζήτηση του θρησκευτικού στοιχείου σε ποιητές-εκπροσώπους της γενιάς του '70
Authors: Κουτούβελας Γεώργιος
Published: April 2023

Η έννοια του «θρησκευτικού στοιχείου» στην ποίηση ορίζεται από την ύπαρξη αναφορών σε ένα λογοτεχνικό έργο που αναφέρονται, με σαφή τρόπο, στη θρησκεία. Η έννοια του «θρησκευτικού στοιχείου» δεν είναι η ίδια με την έννοια της «θρησκευτικής ποίησης». Η έννοια του «θρησκευτικού στοιχείου» χρησιμοποιείται εδώ για να προσεγγιστούν- με ουδέτερο τρόπο - όλες οι ενδοκειμενικές αναφορές που παραπέμπουν στη θρησκεία. Αυτές οι αναφορές μπορεί να εκφράζουν λατρεία, συμπάθεια, αγανάκτηση, αμφισβήτηση (ή οτιδήποτε άλλο) προς τη θρησκεία. Η αναζήτηση των διάφορων θρησκευτικών στοιχείων στην ποίηση προϋποθέτει τη διεξοδική διερεύνηση των άμεσων και των έμμεσων αναφορών πάνω στα διάφορα θρησκευτικά ζητήματα. Οι αναφορές αυτές μπορεί να έχουν να κάνουν με ιερά κείμενα, με πρόσωπα και μυθικές μορφές που η ιστορία τα έχει ταυτίσει με κάποια θρησκευτική παράδοση. Για να γίνουν περισσότερο σαφή τα οφέλη της παραπάνω ταξινόμησης και της μεθοδικής αξιοποίησης της έννοιας του «θρησκευτικού στοιχείου» στη φιλολογική έρευνα και κριτική, διερευνάται και εξετάζεται το θρησκευτικό στοιχείο στην ποιητική γενιά του '70. Η γενιά του '70 στην Ελλάδα χαρακτηρίζεται από τον πλουραλισμό των ιδεών και των αντιλήψεων που διακρίνουν τους εκπροσώπους της. Οι ποιητές της γενιάς έχουν χαρακτηριστεί ως η γενιά της αμφισβήτησης, ενώ ορισμένοι σύγχρονοι μελετητές απορρίπτουν αυτόν τον χαρακτηρισμό. Ένα από τα ερωτήματα που προσεγγίζονται στην μελέτη είναι αν η διερεύνηση του θρησκευτικού στοιχείου στην ποίησή τους μπορεί να συμβάλει σημαντικά σε αυτόν τον διάλογο καθώς και σε άλλα ζητήματα που προβληματίζουν την κριτική.
Τα πάθη της ψυχής και η θεραπεία τους
Authors: Πουλακίδας Παναγιώτης
Published: April 2023

Αντικείμενο της διατριβής μας είναι η ανάλυση των συναισθημάτων όπως αυτά παρουσιάζονται στα φιλοσοφικά συστήματα των πρώιμων Στωικών και του Επίκουρου. Ο συνήθης τρόπος με τον οποίο ερμηνεύονται οι δύο θεωρήσεις εστιάζει στον ρόλο της πεποίθησης και των γνωστικών λειτουργιών που συμβάλλουν στην παραγωγή ενός συναισθήματος τονίζοντας έτσι την γνωσιοκρατική διάσταση των παραπάνω θεωριών. Σκοπός μας είναι μέσω της μελέτης και της ανάλυσης των αποσπασμάτων να παρουσιάσουμε την υποκειμενική-βιωματική διάσταση των συναισθημάτων (feelings), εστιάζοντας στα υλικά-σωματικά στοιχεία τους (affections), τα οποία δεν έχουν αναλυθεί όσο απαιτείται. Αποτελούν τα παραπάνω στοιχεία απλώς επακόλουθα των αξιολογικών πεποιθήσεων με κανένα ουσιώδη ρόλο στην παραγωγή των συναισθημάτων (όπως υποστηρίζει η γνωσιοκρατική ερμηνεία) ή αντίθετα, όπως θα υποστηρίξουμε, τα ορμητικά στοιχεία παίζουν κάποιο ενεργό ρόλο στην παραγωγή ενός συναισθήματος; Εάν η μελέτη των αποσπασμάτων επιβεβαιώσει την παραπάνω υπόθεση εργασίας τότε μπορούμε να συνάγουμε δύο σημαντικά συμπεράσματα. Πρώτον, ο γνωσιοκρατικός χαρακτήρας με βάση τον οποίο αρκετοί σχολιαστές κατανοούν τόσο την θεωρία των Στωικών όσο και την θεωρία του Επίκουρου για τα συναισθήματα δεν μας αποδίδει την πλήρη εικόνα. Δεύτερον, εάν η σωματική διάσταση των συναισθημάτων παίζει κάποιον ρόλο στην παραγωγή του εν λόγω φαινομένου τότε ίσως είναι δυνατή μία διαφορετικού τύπου θεραπεία των συναισθημάτων, η οποία δεν θα αποτελεί μία συμβουλευτικού ή διδακτικού τύπου μετάδοση της αλήθειας από τον σοφό προς τους μαθητές του αλλά αντίθετα θα περιλαμβάνει μία συμπεριφορικού τύπου θεραπεία που συμβάλει και αυτή με την σειρά της στο να εξαλείψει τα νοσηρά πάθη ακολουθώντας όμως μία διαφορετική οδό.
Παρασκευή και χαρακτηρισμός ηλεκτροκαταλυτών λευκόχρυσου και ιριδίου σε αγώγιμα υποστρώματα με βάση το τιτάνιο για τις αντιδράσεις έκλυσης υδρογόνου, έκλυσης οξυγόνου και αναγωγής οξυγόνου
Authors: Τούνη Αικατερίνη
Published: April 2023

Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή παρασκευάστηκαν με τη μέθοδο της γαλβανικής αντικατάστασης/ απόθεσης ηλεκτροκαταλύτες λευκοχρύσου (Pt) και ιριδίου (Ir) σε υποστρώματα με βάση το τιτάνιο και μελετήθηκαν για τις δράσεις έκλυσης υδρογόνου (HER), έκλυσης οξυγόνου (OER) και αναγωγής οξυγόνου (ORR) σε όξινο περιβάλλον. Παρασκευάστηκαν ηλεκτρόδια Pt σε μεταλλικό φύλλο Ti, ύφασμα Ti και νανοσωλήνες μέλανος διοξειδίου του τιτανίου (bTNT) με τη μέθοδο της γαλβανικής απόθεσης. Τα ηλεκτρόδια αυτά που χαρακτηρίστηκαν από σχετικά χαμηλή ποσότητα Pt (19 – 215 μgPt cm-2) και λεπτό απόθεμα πυκνά διασπαρμένων σωματιδίων Pt καλύπτοντας σχεδόν πλήρως τα υποστρώματα, επέδειξαν υψηλή ηλεκτροκαταλυτική ικανότητα για τη HER, με τον καταλύτη Pt/bTNT να είναι εγγενώς ο πιο ενεργός. Ακόμη, με τη μέθοδο της γαλβανικής αντικατάστασης παρασκευάστηκαν ηλεκτρόδια συνεχούς υμενίου Ir-Ni σε φύλλο Ti, έπειτα από μερική αντικατάσταση επιφανειακών στοιβάδων προ-ηλεκτροαποτεθέντος υμενίου Ni από Ir, καταλήγοντας σε ηλεκτρόδια κελύφους Ir και πυρήνα (Ir-Ni). Η ηλεκτροκαταλυτική τους δράση για την OER, συγκρινόμενη με τον απλό καταλύτη Ir/Ti (παρασκευασθέντος με γαλβανική απόθεση), ήταν υψηλότερη, αναδεικνύοντας την ευεργετική συνεισφορά του Ni στην ηλεκτροκαταλυτική ενεργότητα του IrO2 για την OER. Σε αυτούς τους καταλύτες προστέθηκε Ru με την ίδια μέθοδο και πράγματι οι μικτοί ηλεκτροκαταλύτες υμενίου IrO2-RuO2/(Ni) (μάζας 55 – 175 μgPGM cm-2) επέδειξαν πιο βελτιωμένη ενεργότητα χάρη στο Ru και παράλληλα διατήρησαν υψηλή σταθερότητα χάρη στο Ir για την OER. Επιπρόσθετα, αποτέθηκε Ir σε υπόστρωμα bTNTs αντικαθιστώντας πλήρως διασπαρμένα προ-αποτεθέντα σωματίδια Ni. Οι προκύπτοντες καταλύτες Ir/bTNTs (μάζας 351 μgIr cm-2) επέδειξαν παρόμοια εγγενή ηλεκτροκαταλυτική ικανότητα για την OER συγκριτικά με ηλεκτρόδια Ir σε μεταλλικό φύλλο Ti. Τέλος, με τη μέθοδο της γαλβανικής απόθεσης, συναποτέθηκαν Ir-Pt σε φύλλο Ti, καταλήγοντας σε μικτό απόθεμα ευγενών μετάλλων που κάλυψε πλήρως την επιφάνεια του Ti (μάζας 120 – 150 μgPGM cm-2). Οι διμεταλλικοί καταλύτες IrO2-Pt μελετήθηκαν ως διλειτουργικοί για τις OER/ORR, επιδεικνύοντας ηλεκτροκαταλυτική ικανότητα για την OER υψηλότερη από ηλεκτρόδια IrO2/Ti και αντίστοιχους διμεταλλικούς καταλύτες της βιβλιογραφίας, ενώ για την ORR συγκρίσιμη με τον Pt/Ti (παρασκευασθέντος με γαλβανική απόθεση).Οι ηλεκτροκαταλύτες της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής, μελετήθηκαν τόσο για την ηλεκτροκαταλυτική τους ενεργότητα, όσο για τη σταθερότητα σε όξινο περιβάλλον. Σε συνδυασμό με τη χαμηλή ποσότητα ευγενών μετάλλων που βρέθηκε ότι περιέχουν, μπορούν να αποτελέσουν τη βάση για τη δημιουργία ηλεκτροδίων για κυψέλες ηλεκτρόλυσης του νερού και κυψέλες καυσίμου, καθώς επίσης ως βοηθητικά ηλεκτρόδια σε πληθώρα ηλεκτροχημικών βιομηχανικών διεργασιών, όπως κατεργασία αποβλήτων, επιμεταλλώσεις, ηλεκτροδιαπίδυση θαλασσινού νερού.
Filtered OFDM System Improvement Using Hamming Code
Authors: Ali Hussain Ghasan , A. Wahhab Husam , Jasim Harbi Yahya
Published: April 2023

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique is widely adopted for broadband Forth Generation (4G) wireless communication systems at present, owing to its ability to combat multi-path interference. Nevertheless, it suffers from a large Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and Out Of Band Emission (OOBE), making it unsuitable for a high-speed transmission system. On the other hand, the Filtered-OFDM (f-OFDM) system is suggested to overcome the traditional OFDM system's disadvantages and maintain its advantages. Nowadays, the developments and growing communications systems are rapid, especially on their applications such as wireless networks, internet, satellite communications, mobile telephony, etc. This increases the demand for raising the bit rates with decreasing power consumption and the bit error rates (BER). In this paper, Hamming codes are proposed to improve the f-OFDM system performance, while the presence of the subband filter in system architecture could decrease the values of OOBE than the familiar OFDM system. The outcomes showed that utilizing interleaver with Hamming code considerably improves the proposed system performance, while the OOBE values were lower than the conventional OFDM system.
Między słowem a obrazem
Authors: Bukowski Piotr de Bończa
Published: April 2023

BETWEEN WORD AND IMAGE: ON JAN BUKOWSKI’S BOOK COVERS AS INTERSEMIOTIC TRANSLATIONS
The article is devoted to the art of illustration, understood as the art of translating words into pictures. The subject of the analysis is the work of Jan Bukowski (1873-1943), a leading artist of Young Poland, a pioneer of Polish applied art and an outstanding creator of book graphics. He was revered for his ability to reach the “inner content” of the text resulting from the author’s intention and express it with an equivalent plastic form. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the word-image relationship and explains the concept of intersemiotic translation. On the basis of this concept, a model is proposed to analyze selected graphic works by Jan Bukowski as intersemiotic translations. The analytical part of the article presents four different types of equivalence that Jan Bukowski used when making his intersemiotic translations, which were designs for the covers of literary works.
„Jak zachwyca, kiedy nie zachwyca?”
Authors: Dziekan Marek M.
Published: April 2023

“HOW IS IT DELIGHTFUL WHEN IT IS NOT?”: ON THE TRANSLATIONS OF THE 55TH SURA OF THE KORAN AR-RAḤMĀN – THE MERCIFUL
The Koran is not only the holy book of Islam, but also one of the most important literary works of classical Arabic literature. Muslims and people who know Arabic emphasize the extraordinary beauty of this text, written in rhymed and rhythmic prose. 55 sura of the Koran, Ar-Raḥmān (The Merciful) is widely regarded, both in Muslim and Orientalist circles, as one of the most beautiful, if not the most beautiful, sura of the Koran from the artistic point of view. This is mainly due to the presence of a kind of “refrain” in this sura, which, of course, also has a semantic role in the context of the content of this fragment of the holy book of Muslims. The subject of the article is, first of all, a comparative analysis of the translation of this sura, and first of all of the refrain, in selected translations of the Koran into Polish, German, French and Russian. The analysis focuses not on the way of presenting the content, but on whether the authors of the translations tried to reflect the undoubted beauty of the sound of the Koranic text, which is supposed to delight not only with its content, but also its form, and translators usually have huge problems with this. The conclusions resulting from this analysis have a broader meaning, because analogous problems also arise in the case of ancient Arabic poetry and some other literary genres, primarily maqāma.
Tax on Withdrawn Capital as a Special Regime for Stimulating Reinvestments in Industrial Parks of Post-War Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Liashenko V. , Borodina O. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Lishchuk O. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The study of the article is devoted to the consideration of special regimes of tax incentives for the operation of the network of industrial parks in the post-war economic development of Ukraine. A study of the experience of implementing a tax on withdrawn capital as an experimental but effective one in neighboring countries (Baltic countries, Poland, Macedonia, Georgia, etc.) was conducted. Particular attention was paid to the study of the peculiarities of the use and modernization of the tax on withdrawn capital in Poland. An analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of its implementation in the Polish economic infrastructure is carried out, a comparative analysis of traditional and new taxation is provided, the presence of quantitative and qualitative advantages of the new taxation regime in certain business conditions is demonstrated. The dependence of the volume of direct foreign investments on industrial parks in connection with the optimization of the fiscal regime in EU and Asian countries is illustrated. In view of the results of the study, effective recommendations were given regarding the introduction of a tax on withdrawn capital in the conditions of reconstruction of the post-war economy of Ukraine.
Possibilities of Ensuring the Basic Requirements of the Quality of Working Life During the Period of Martial Law and Post-War Recovery
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Shamileva L. , Khandiі O. ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The task of ensuring decent working conditions in the stable conditions of existence of the country is transformed during the period of martial law into the task of creating basic working conditions, which is difficult and limited in resources due to the deterioration of business activity in many industries and spheres of activity, the reduction of small and medium-sized businesses and large-scale migration processes as both on the territory of the country and abroad. The state priorities in the social and labor sphere have become the prevention of a sharp decrease in employment and overcoming the high rate of growth of the poverty level of the population. The article examines the possibilities of ensuring the basic requirements of the quality of working life during the period of martial law and post-war reconstruction. Russia's military aggression led to the growth of uncertainty in the labor sphere, the deepening of the manifestation of social risks in the labor market and the crisis in the system of social and labor relations. Imbalances between demand and supply on the labor market have widened, forms of employment have changed due to the spread of temporary, part-time and shadow employment, which has affected the growth of hidden unemployment. The consequences of these processes are the complete or partial loss of insured work experience, the reduction of social protection, and the deepening of the precarization of employment. In the social and labor sphere, the demands of employees for the level of remuneration, working conditions have decreased, and the requirements of employers for the educational and professional qualification level of the employee have changed. Business relocation and large-scale forced displacement of the country's population led to a significant change in the structure of regional labor markets, demand, supply, and the level of saturation of specialists. The restoration and stabilization of the labor market and the entire system of social and labor relations is the main condition for the implementation and implementation of the basic requirements for decent work and a satisfactory quality of work life at the stage of post-war revival. Creation of jobs and promotion of employment, stabilization of the labor market should become the main component of the state socio-economic policy. Ensuring a high quality of working life should find its embodiment in the Programs for the development of the labor sphere, taking into account the priority areas of ensuring decent work in the post-war period.
Support for the Development of Eco-Industrial parks in Conditions of Relocation and European Integration of Business Processes
Authors:   State Tax University, Lazarenko D. , Papuk D. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The article examines the problems of supporting production capacities through the mechanism of industrial parks, and defines the main tasks of realizing this goal. Programs to support the relocation of enterprises from war zones and the role of eco-industrial parks in promoting the launch of industrial capacities are highlighted. The advantages of industrial parks for the relocation of industrial enterprises and incentives for the development of infrastructure and the creation of new jobs in the host region are emphasized. The peculiarities of the model of the eco-industrial park as a means of solving the problems of regional and sectoral development and its place in the implementation of plans for the restoration of industry are revealed. Pilot objects for the implementation of the EIP model have been identified. In the context of the development of eco-industrial parks, it is proposed to develop the production of dual-purpose products based on composite products from basalt and fiberglass on the basis of existing production facilities in Ukraine and Europe.
Transformation of Approaches to Marketing Management of Enterprises of the Agro-Industrial Complex in Conditions of Digitalization
Authors:   Lviv National Environmental University, Hnatyshyn L. , Dranus L. ,   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Prokopyshyn O. ,   Lviv National Environmental University, Trushkina N. ,   PIHE "Rauf Ablyasov University East European"
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes and summarizes existing conceptual approaches to defining the essence of the concepts “sales activity”, “marketing activity”, “agricultural marketing”, “transformation”, “marketing activity management”, “marketing management”. It has been established that the digital age will contribute to the transformation of the paradigm of marketing management of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, tools for the formation of marketing strategies, sales policy, digital channels, customer experience, management approaches to supply chains and the creation of appropriate logistics infrastructure and agroclusters. The content of the concept “transformation of the marketing activity of an agricultural enterprise in the conditions of the digital economy” as a process of changing the essence, types, form, properties and structure of sales networks and marketing systems, the principles of corporate culture, consumer values, the system of views, management functions, the nature of partnership relations between sub business entity, customers and various categories of stakeholders. The author's interpretation of the marketing management of an agro-industrial enterprise in the era of digital transformations is provided, which is understood as a continuous integrated process that is carried out through the implementation of management functions (forecasting, planning, organization, accounting, control, analysis and regulation) of customer service, transportation and sale of agricultural products from using digital technologies and information systems.
Economic Risk Tolerance as the Basis of the Management Mechanism of Innovative Development of the Enterprise
Authors:   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Klius Yu. , Vodyanyk R. ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University
Published: April 2023

The article proves that the creation of a mechanism for ensuring stability in the implementation of innovative strategies, according to the authors, should be based on the use of such a systemic characteristic of the enterprise as risk resistance, which depends on special disturbing influences caused by a high level of environmental instability and the specificity of cyclical innovation processes; in the context of enterprise or situation management, it characterizes the ability of the management apparatus to adequately respond to the threats of risk factors in view of internal vulnerabilities, using reserved resources for the purpose of normal business operations; creates for the enterprise conditions for purposeful functioning and implementation of innovative projects under the conditions of emergency situations. The definition of sustainable innovative development was given, a comparative analysis of the categories "economic risk" and "economic risk resistance" was carried out. The dual role of risk resistance in the enterprise management system consists in the fact that, on the one hand, risk resistance creates conditions for purposeful functioning and development, affects integral performance results, and on the other hand, it is determined by the complex of interactions of the enterprise with higher-level systems, internal and external factors that can become risk factors in conditions of an economic crisis and an unstable environment. It is proposed to consider the concept of risk tolerance as a system characteristic of the enterprise in the context of interrelationships between the categories of risk, sustainability and development. The role of economic risk tolerance in the system of managing the development of a manufacturing enterprise is determined. It is proved that the category "economic risk" is inextricably linked with the goals of the enterprise, linking the goals of activity and the economic resources used to achieve these goals (resource losses) of various types and actual results. It was determined that the development of the innovative development management mechanism is related to the determination of the parameters of the controlled system and the standardization of their levels. Of course, the main controlled parameter can be the level of risk tolerance, which indirectly characterizes the value of system negentropy. Therefore, the sustainability of the enterprise during the implementation of innovative strategies is related to maintaining the level of risk tolerance. Its value in relation to certain types of resources and potential components is the basis of managing the economic situation, as it affects the choice of managerial influences.
Research of the Current State of the Unemployment Rate in Ukraine and Possible Ways to Reduce
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Gitis T. , Otosa I. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of current problems and trends of unemployment in Ukraine. Statistical data of the state statistics service of Ukraine on the dynamics of the labor force and the unemployment rate over a number of recent years are analyzed. Using graphical analysis, it is shown that the dynamics of the unemployment rate tends to increase, while the number of registered unemployed decreases, which most likely indicates unofficial employment of the unemployed and an increase in the level of the shadow economy in Ukraine. The current state and main factors that cause unemployment are identified, such as: structural shift in the economy; low level of vocational training; deterioration of the demographic situation; low rate of development of the national economy. The positive and negative consequences of the problem of unemployment in Ukraine, which pose a threat to socio-economic destabilization of the country, have been identified. The structure of the unemployed population of Ukraine for reasons of unemployment is presented and analyzed. It is established that the main cause of unemployment is an imbalance in the supply and demand of Labor, which is why the state should implement an active policy of counteraction, the measures of which are primarily aimed at increasing the demand for labor from the public and private sectors of the economy, increasing the competitiveness of the labor force and ensuring that the labor force meets jobs, improving the employment process. Based on the analysis, the main directions for improving the regulation of unemployment in Ukraine are proposed.
Important Cardiovascular Trials From 2021–22 and How They Could Influence Clinical Practice
Authors: Thomas Ashley
Published: April 2023

In this month’s BANCC column, Dr Ashley Thomas, charge nurse at St Bartholomew’s Hospital adult critical care unit, summarises his invited talk at the BANCC study day about important cardiovascular trials from 2021–22.
Constructing a regime of truth to support palliative care at risk
Authors: Zechner Minna
Published: April 2023

For decades, Finland, along with many other European countries, has applied austerity politics in which especially the female-dominated spheres of life, such as long-term care, have been the targets of savings. In this societal context, a hospice focusing on particularly demanding palliative care was at risk of redundancies. The article illustrates how a local regime of truth about the hospice was discursively constructed, supported and contested in an influential Finnish newspaper. A regime of truth is formed when a certain discourse becomes dominant, in this case, the good work done in the hospice and the need for its continuity. The data consist of newspaper articles covering the topic of the redundancies that the hospice was facing. The discourse analysis reveals three main gendered discourses: professionalism, de-medicalisation and de-institutionalisation. Professionalism stems from the masculine field of medicine, and the two latter discourses align with female-dominated long-term care, which are located lower in hierarchies of care.
Theoretical analysis of a multi-grating-based cross-dispersed spatial heterodyne spectrometer
Authors: Chu Qihang , Li Xiaotian , Sun Yuqi , Jirigalantu  , Sun Ci , Chen Jun , Li Fuguan , Bayanheshig
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a multi-grating-based cross-dispersed spatial heterodyne spectrometer (MGCDSHS). The principle of generation of two-dimensional interferograms for two cases, where the light beam is diffracted by one sub-grating or two sub-gratings, is given and equations for the interferogram parameters in these two cases are derived. An instrument design with numerical simulations is presented that demonstrates the spectrometer’s ability to simultaneously record separate interferograms corresponding to different spectral features with high resolution over a broad spectral range. The design solves the mutual interference problem caused by overlapping of the interferograms, and also provides the high spectral resolution and broad spectral measurement range that cannot be achieved using conventional SHSs. Additionally, by introducing cylindrical lens groups, the MGCDSHS solves the throughput loss and light intensity reduction problems caused by direct use of multi-gratings. The MGCDSHS is compact, highly stable, and high-throughput. These advantages make the MGCDSHS suitable for high-sensitivity, high-resolution, and broadband spectral measurements.
The allosterically modulated FFAR2 is transactivated by signals generated by other neutrophil GPCRs
Authors: Lind Simon , Granberg Kenneth L. , Forsman Huamei , Dahlgren Claes
Published: April 2023

Positive allosteric modulators for free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2/GPR43), that affect receptor function through binding to two distinct allosteric binding sites, were used to determine the correlation between the responses induced in neutrophils by two distinct activation modes; FFAR2 was activated either by the orthosteric agonist propionate or by a receptor transactivation mechanism that activated FFAR2 from the cytosolic side of the neutrophil plasma membrane by signals generated by the neutrophil PAFR (receptor for platelet activating factor), P2Y2R (receptor for ATP), FPR1 (receptor for fMLF) and FPR2 (receptor for WKYMVM). We show that the transactivation signals that activate FFAR2 in the absence of any orthosteric agonist were generated downstream of the signaling G protein that couple to PAFR and P2Y2R. This transactivation of allosterically modulated FFAR2s, by signals generated by PAFR/P2Y2R, represents a novel mechanism by which a G protein coupled receptor can be activated. Weak correlations were obtained when the FFAR2 activity was induced by the transactivation signals generated by PAFRs and P2Y2Rs were compared with the FFAR2 activity induced by the orthosteric agonist propionate. Comparison of the responses for each allosteric modulator revealed that the ratio values, calculated from the peak values of the ATP and propionate responses, varied from 0.2 to 1. Depending on the allosteric modulator, the response induced by the two different mechanisms (orthosteric activation and receptor transactivation, respectively), was equal or the propionate response was more pronounced. Importantly, we conclude that FFAR2 activation from outside (orthosteric activation) and inside (receptor cross-talk/transactivation) can be selectively affected by an allosteric FFAR2 modulator.
Text mining of CHO bioprocess bibliome: Topic modeling and document classification
Authors: Wang Qinghua , Olshin Jonathan , Vijay-Shanker K. , Wu Cathy H.
Published: April 2023

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely used for mass production of therapeutic proteins in the pharmaceutical industry. With the growing need in optimizing the performance of producer CHO cell lines, research on CHO cell line development and bioprocess continues to increase in recent decades. Bibliographic mapping and classification of relevant research studies will be essential for identifying research gaps and trends in literature. To qualitatively and quantitatively understand the CHO literature, we have conducted topic modeling using a CHO bioprocess bibliome manually compiled in 2016, and compared the topics uncovered by the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) models with the human labels of the CHO bibliome. The results show a significant overlap between the manually selected categories and computationally generated topics, and reveal the machine-generated topic-specific characteristics. To identify relevant CHO bioprocessing papers from new scientific literature, we have developed supervized models using Logistic Regression to identify specific article topics and evaluated the results using three CHO bibliome datasets, Bioprocessing set, Glycosylation set, and Phenotype set. The use of top terms as features supports the explainability of document classification results to yield insights on new CHO bioprocessing papers.
The Spanish version of the reflective functioning questionnaire: Validity data in the general population and individuals with personality disorders
Authors: Ruiz-Parra Eduardo , Manzano-García Guadalupe , Mediavilla Roberto , Rodríguez-Vega Beatriz , Lahera Guillermo , Moreno-Pérez Ana I. , Torres-Cantero Alberto M. , Rodado-Martínez Juan , Bilbao Amaia , González-Torres Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Mentalization or reflective functioning (RF) is the capacity to interpret oneself or the others in terms of internal mental states. Its failures have been linked to several mental disorders and interventions improving RF have a therapeutic effect. Mentalizing capacity of the parents influences the children’s attachment. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8) is a widely used tool for the assessment of RF. No instrument is available to assess general RF in Spanish-speaking samples. The aim of this study is to develop a Spanish version of the RFQ-8 and to evaluate its reliability and validity in the general population and in individuals with personality disorders.

Methods

602 non-clinical and 41 personality disordered participants completed a Spanish translation of the RFQ and a battery of self-reported questionnaires assessing several RF related constructs (alexithymia, perspective taking, identity diffusion and mindfulness), psychopathology (general and specific) and interpersonal problems. Temporal stability was tested in a non-clinical sub-sample of 113 participants.

Results

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a one-factor structure in the Spanish version of the RFQ-8. RFQ-8 understood as a single scale was tested, with low scorings reflecting genuine mentalizing, and high scorings uncertainty. The questionnaire showed good internal consistence in both samples and moderate temporal stability in non-clinical sample. RFQ correlated significantly with identity diffusion, alexithymia, and general psychopathology in both samples; and with mindfulness, perspective taking, and interpersonal problems in clinical sample. Mean values of the scale were significantly higher in the clinical group.

Discussion

This study provides evidence that the Spanish version of the RFQ-8, understood as a single scale, has an adequate reliability and validity assessing failures in reflective functioning (i.e., hypomentalization) in general population and personality disorders.
Nature relatedness scale: Validity and reliability in the Persian context, factors constructing and influencing it
Authors: Faazeli Mohamad , Namdar Razieh
Published: April 2023

Psychologically unsustainability stems from the disconnection of humans from the natural environment. Signs of this disconnection have led to the creation of variables generally called “Nature Connectedness” (NC) to measure this relationship. This study is a type of quantitative research, and the method used was a survey. It aimed to investigate the construct validity and reliability of the Nature Relatedness (NR) scale, determine the factors and items constructing, and the variables influencing the NR scale in the Persian context. The NR scale is one of the most used measures in this field and is measured with three factors: Self, Perspective, and Experience. The subjects consisted of 296 students who studied at Shiraz University, School of Agriculture. Based on the construct validity and reliability analysis, the factors and items making up the NR scale were declared valid and reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.86, RMSEA = 0.05). Thus, in this study we deliver one scale for NR which according to validity and reliability indices is appropriate and could be used in future research. SMC values of the observed variables resulting from structural equation modeling showed considerable values. Overall, regression analysis could explain nearly fifty percent in changes of the NR scale through two variables of mindfulness and pro-environmental behaviors. The findings of this research can provide theoretical and practical implications for developing the NR construct. Our findings encourage policies that pay more attention to environmental plans and urban design that promote NC among communities.
Allulose for the attenuation of postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yuma Tani , Tokuda Masaaki , Nishimoto Naoki , Yokoi Hideto , Izumori Ken
Published: April 2023

D-Allulose is a rare sugar that exists in nature. It is a food ingredient with nearly zero calories (<0.4 kcal/g) and has many physiological functionalities such as attenuation of postprandial blood glucose levels, attenuation of postprandial fat mass accumulation, and anti-aging property. This study focused on the postprandial blood glucose changes in healthy humans by a systematic review and meta-analysis. They were chosen because of its importance to a prevention from diabetes. The study objective was to examine acute blood glucose concentrations of healthy humans after the meal with and without allulose. The study collected all D-allulose related studies from various databases. A forest plot of the comparison between an allulose intake group and the control group showed both 5g and 10g intake groups have the significantly smaller area under the curve of postprandial blood glucose levels. It means that D-Allulose attenuates postprandial blood glucose concentrations in healthy humans. As the result, D-Allulose is a valuable blood glucose management tool for healthy humans and diabetes patients. Allulose Diet enables reduction of sucrose intake through Sugar Reformulation in the future diet.
Computational capabilities of a multicellular reservoir computing system
Authors: Nikolić Vladimir , Echlin Moriah , Aguilar Boris , Shmulevich Ilya
Published: April 2023

The capacity of cells to process information is currently used to design cell-based tools for ecological, industrial, and biomedical applications such as detecting dangerous chemicals or for bioremediation. In most applications, individual cells are used as the information processing unit. However, single cell engineering is limited by the necessary molecular complexity and the accompanying metabolic burden of synthetic circuits. To overcome these limitations, synthetic biologists have begun engineering multicellular systems that combine cells with designed subfunctions. To further advance information processing in synthetic multicellular systems, we introduce the application of reservoir computing. Reservoir computers (RCs) approximate a temporal signal processing task via a fixed-rule dynamic network (the reservoir) with a regression-based readout. Importantly, RCs eliminate the need of network rewiring, as different tasks can be approximated with the same reservoir. Previous work has already demonstrated the capacity of single cells, as well as populations of neurons, to act as reservoirs. In this work, we extend reservoir computing in multicellular populations with the widespread mechanism of diffusion-based cell-to-cell signaling. As a proof-of-concept, we simulated a reservoir made of a 3D community of cells communicating via diffusible molecules and used it to approximate a range of binary signal processing tasks, focusing on two benchmark functions—computing median and parity functions from binary input signals. We demonstrate that a diffusion-based multicellular reservoir is a feasible synthetic framework for performing complex temporal computing tasks that provides a computational advantage over single cell reservoirs. We also identified a number of biological properties that can affect the computational performance of these processing systems.
Healthcare system action on employment as a social determinant of health in people living with HIV: A qualitative study
Authors: Craig-Neil Amy , Ho Julia , Perri Melissa , Gaspar Mark , Hunter Charlotte , Rachlis Beth , Kendall Claire E. , Rueda Sergio , Burchell Ann N. , Pinto Andrew D.
Published: April 2023

Background

Employment is a key social determinant of health. People living with HIV (PLWH) have higher unemployment rates than the general population. Vocational rehabilitation services have been shown to have significant and positive impact on employment status for PLWH. Understanding whether integrating vocational rehabilitation with health care services is acceptable, from the perspectives of PLWH and their health care providers, is an area that is understudied.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study and collected data from focus groups and interviews to understand the perspectives of stakeholders regarding the potential for vocational rehabilitation and health care integration. We completed five focus groups with 45 health care providers and one-to-one interviews with 23 PLWHs. Participants were sampled from infectious disease, primary care clinics, and AIDS Service Organizations in Toronto and Ottawa, Canada. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. We conducted a reflexive thematic analysis of the transcripts.

Findings

We found health care providers have little experience assisting patients with employment and PLWH had little experience receiving employment interventions from their health care team. This lack of integration between health care and vocational services was related to uncertainties around drug coverage, physician role and living with an episodic disability. Health care providers thought that there is potential for a larger role for health care clinics in providing employment interventions for PLWH however patients were divided. Some PLWH suggest that health care providers could provide advice on the disclosure of status, work limitations and act as advocates with employers.

Interpretation

Health care providers and some PLWH recognize the importance of integrating health services with vocational services but both groups have little experience with implementing these types of interventions. Thus, there needs to be more study of such interventions, including the processes entailed and outcomes they aim to achieve.