bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memorandums by M.A. Taube on the possible complications of the international legal relationships of the Russian Empire with Finland in the late XIX – early XX century
Authors: Pleshcheeva Anna Valeryevna
Published: December 2020

Discussions on the situation of Finland as a part of the Russian state have been particularly acute since the end of the 19thcentury, when the autocracy began to take measures to limit the privileges of the outskirts of the empire. One of the factors that put this problem to the forefront was also the development of the revolutionary movement in Russia at the beginning of the 20thcentury. The tsarist government needed to organize the control over the activities of revolutionary organizations in Finland as well as to solve the problem of the import of weapons across the Finnish border into the Russian territory. Thus, a special meeting on question of the Grand Duchy of Finland was created. Representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs were also invited to discuss this problem. The paper analyzes the memorandum by the Doctor of International Law and the Vice-Director of the Second Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs M.A.Taube, in which he investigates in detail possible consequences of revolutionary events development in Finland. The memorandum expresses a position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which, in case of rebellion, considered that it was necessary and most beneficial for Russia to recognize the Grand Duchy of Finland as a belligerent. This option did not receive approval from the emperor and the Council of Ministers, for whom the measures in regard to Finland were considered exclusively as a domestic question.
The history of microbiologist Z.V. Ermoleva’s scientific activity: a brief overview of soviet historiography
Authors: Gorshenin Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: December 2020

The paper attempts to analyze the key lines of the soviet historiography in the coverage of scientific and organizational activities of Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermoleva, as well as to characterize the degree of information content of publications on the problem. Z.V.Ermoleva (18981974) is a famous soviet medical scientist, a microbiologist and a bacteriogenic, a winner of the Stalin prize I degree, an honored worker of science of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, a professor, a doctor of medical sciences, an academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Her scientific and practical activities helped to save thousands of people from death. One of the most famous achievements of Z.V.Ermoleva was the invention of the first domestic antibiotic penicillin-krustosin and the establishment of its industrial production in the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War. There were also numerous works on the study of cholera vibrions, interferon, lysozyme, various types of antibiotics and their combinations. Z.V.Ermolevas life as well as the history of her research activities are not well reflected in scientific literature. Unfortunately, no historiographical work has been published on the history of this amazing woman scientist. This historiographical review is not exhaustive; it should be perceived as a ground for a further study of her scientific work. Due to the specificity of the subject under consideration, the historiographical review is based on the problem principle.
Technology of creation of electronic educational resources for training specialists in digital economy
Authors: Makarov Sergey Ivanovich , Sevastyanova Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Kurganova Mariya Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

The professional training of specialists in the field of the digital economy is a promising direction in the development of economic education. The transition to digital technologies in management, banking, manufacturing, commerce, communications determines the emergence of new requirements for the professional and general competencies of university graduates. It is necessary to create an innovative vocational training system based on the use of electronic teaching aids and digital technologies. The implementation of this task should begin with the development of scientifically determined approaches to the creation of teaching aids that take into account all kinds of efficiency factors. This determines the importance of the task of scientific and methodological substantiation of the technology for creating electronic educational resources for the training of specialists in a new format. The paper proposes an analytical approach to determining the content and structure of the basic component of the methodological system an electronic textbook. The expediency of its use in order to develop necessary competencies of the individual and group levels is substantiated. It is proposed to use a matrix form of information representation and elements of matrix and vector analysis to structure the material. A mathematical model has been developed that describes structural relationships between the concepts of the thesaurus. The structural elements in this model are the glossary concepts of an academic discipline. The possibilities of using the model for unification and automation of information processing during the selection of textbook content in various educational fields are discussed. Examples of using the proposed model in various subject areas are given. The authors describe how to represent a model based on graph theory and methods for solving the problem of the presence of cycles in this semantic structure. The main conclusions and results of the study can be used for the practical development of electronic learning tools, automating the process of structuring their content and methods of use in the educational process.
Methodological and methodical aspects of carbohydrate metabolism study in plant cells as the adjoint system
Authors: Pohlebaev Sergei Mikhailovich , Ageeva Daria Fedorovna , Tretyakova Irina Anatolyevna
Published: December 2020

The choice of the research topic is not accidental. Photosynthesis is the basis of anabolism for plants as well as for all living organisms on Earth, while breathing is the basis of their catabolism. In turn, anabolism and catabolism are the links of metabolism, which determines the vital activity of any type of cells and the whole organism. The paper deals with the methodological potential previously justified by the authors of the conjugation category studying such important physiological and biochemical processes as photosynthesis and respiration. The application of this category by students while developing the concepts of photosynthesis and breathing will equip them by an effective methodological means of knowledge. Reflecting the conjugation category extends the ways we understand the principles of the structural organization of matter as a whole, and opens up new prospects, new approaches to solving the most important problems of science and their role in understanding the structure of rational knowledge. The figurative-sign model developed by the authors will allow to develop more effectively the concepts of photosynthesis, breathing and carbohydrate metabolism as a conjugated system at the theoretical level.
Technological process of extracurricular individualization of foreign masters training in education management
Authors: Ryblova Alla Nikolaevna , Kang Qiongqiong
Published: December 2020

The paper poses and solves the problem of the technological organization of extracurricular individual activities of foreign undergraduates. The technological effectiveness of the individualized educational process during graduate studies, developing on the basis of the implementation of the capabilities of information and telecommunication technologies, provides faster and better mastery of knowledge, skills and abilities by foreign undergraduates. Information library resources play a significant role in their development, offer great didactic opportunities for individualized training of foreign Masters in education management who do not speak Russian well and, as a result, need tutorial support outside the classroom to process professionally significant scientific information. The authors present a theoretical and methodological substantiation and the results of modeling and testing the technology of extracurricular individualization of foreign Masters training in education management under the guidance of a librarian using a set of information library resources. This technology provides for the interconnected educational and research activities of a foreign undergraduate and the advisory activities of a librarian, implemented during extracurricular times and aimed at the individual processing of professionally significant scientific information in professionally defined situations using a set of information library resources used as means of pedagogical communication to achieve professional goals. The complex of information library resources includes: print collections, electronic catalogs, search platforms and electronic databases and takes into account the direction of training of foreign undergraduates. The technological process of extracurricular individualization provides an algorithm for the interrelated actions of a librarian and a foreign undergraduate in the design, organization, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and diagnosis of educational results and difficulties of extracurricular individual scientific activity. The organizational and pedagogical conditions for the effective implementation of the authors technology are determined and diagnostic tools are developed, including tests and diagnostic criteria for the level of mastery of complex of information library resources. The simulated technology provides individual informational, methodological support to each foreign undergraduate and improves the quality of their research activities, implemented in the virtual educational space of libraries.
A comparative environmental assessment using bioindicator plants in conditions of anthropogenic impact of Saransk and Insar
Authors: Labutina Marina Viktorovna , Maskaeva Tatiana Aleksandrovna , Chegodaeva Nina Dmitrievna , Kurynova Evgeniya Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

The paper studies the reaction of pendent white birch ( Betula verrucosa ) as the main urban culture used in urban greening at different levels of anthropogenic impact. Annual studies indicate that there is no sustainable trend to reduce man-made emissions in the region. Greening of large industrial centers is of great environmental importance. According to morphometric and some reproductive parameters, the birch has an adaptive response to environmental conditions. The studies have shown that habitat conditions directly affect the morphometric and reproductive characteristics of plants. To a greater extent, in conditions of anthropogenic impact increase, the reaction of biomorphological parameters of the pendent white birch is manifested. When using the method of fluctuating asymmetry, its integral indicators showed the reaction of plants to the increase in anthropogenic impact in the city. The germination and germination energy of birch seeds collected from different study sites are indicative in this respect. The variable coefficient on the size of fruits and seedlings revealed, as a rule, a very high variability (20-40%), which explains the high plasticity of plants to living conditions even at the early stages of their development.
Environmental assessment of health indicators of woody plants in natural and man-made conditions
Authors: Siraeva Irina Salavatovna , Larionov Maxim Viktorovich , Larionov Nikolai Viktorovich , Soldatova Valeria Viktorovna , Gromova Tatyana Sergeevna , Ermolenko Anna Sergeevna , Kulagina Ekaterina Yurievna
Published: December 2020

The indicators of the sanitary condition of woody plants in the conditions of natural and artificial ecosystems of the Voronezh and Saratov Regions were established and analyzed. In suburban ecosystems of the research area, the state of woody plants is determined at the level of weak damage. In suburban areas of Balashov with the greatest economic and technosphere potential, woody plants reach an average (moderate) degree of damage. In remote relatively preserved ecosystems (control parameters), the state of these organisms corresponds to a weak ecological diagnostic criterion. According to the identified average arithmetic sanitary indicators in the Voronezh Region, the best condition is characterized by woody plants in the ecosystems of Novohopersk and Gribanovsky, in the Saratov Region - in Turki and Samoylovka. There were also significant differences in the arithmetic mean parameters of the sanitary condition of this group plants representatives differentiated by functional zones. The highest damage values are typical for woody plants in the urban ecosystems of industrial zones. The maximum danger to woody plants was observed within these zones in Povorino, Borisoglebsk, and Balashov with high-level average values of damage to these organisms. Significant concern is also caused by the defeat of the analyzed group of organisms in these cities as part of the ecosystems of the settlement zones. The results of the assessment of the sanitary condition of woody plants should be used as a scientific basis for landscaping, environmental protection and reforestation. Measures are proposed to improve the condition of woody plants in various types of ecosystems in the research area. According to the sanitary state of these organisms, it is possible to determine the limits of sustainability of ecological frameworks and differentiate the parameters of environmental comfort for the local population in different territorial categories.
The nobility of Simbirsk Governorate at the end of the 18th - the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Aizatullova Alsu Shamilievna , Sudakov Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2020

The goal of the paper is to analyze the socio-economic situation of the Simbirsk Governorate nobility in the late 18th - first half of the 19th century. The authors have characterized the dynamics of the number of nobles in Simbirsk Governorate (in comparison with indicators of Kazan Governorate and the Penza Governorate). The nobility is divided into two groups - hereditary and personal. The authors reveal the position of both groups in the structure of the estate in Simbirsk Governorate and other Middle Volga governorates and trace the dynamics of this indicator. It is noted that hereditary nobility prevailed in Simbirsk Governorate during the study period, although its specific gravity decreased. Another trend was the bureaucracy. The authors have shown the heterogeneity of the nobility in the region in terms of soul ownership (stratification by this criterion is the most justified). Within the studied class, the highest, middle and lower strata are distinguished. The analysis of the highest stratum composition made it possible for the authors to identify the nobles who were distinguished by the highest level of well-being (P.I. Myatleva, V.P. Orlov-Davydov, A.M. Potemkin, A.S. Urusova, the Rodionovs). The authors come to the conclusion that there was a distribution of landlord estates pledge and their auctioning in the first half of the 19th century. This should be considered evidence of the impoverishment of the nobility on the eve of the Emancipation Reform.
Reconstruction of the conflict: IRA foundation in the British military assessments
Authors: Starostin Vitaly Viktorovich
Published: December 2020

The paper examines the views of the British military on the process of becoming one of the first paramilitary organizations in the history - the Irish Republican Army (IRA). Special attention is paid to how the British military was one of the first to try to explain this new phenomenon. The paper analyzes the reasons for the British militarys rejection of such concepts as guerrilla warfare, Irish rebels, etc. The main reasons that formed the views of the British military on the IRA as a criminal group and a gang of murderers are investigated (the need for counter-propaganda against the Irish and some British media of the time; the fundamental atypy of both the Anglo-Irish conflict and the Irish Republican army; the weakness of the British military intelligence in Ireland, whose employees were later able to approach the answer to the question of the IRA origin). The methodological basis of the paper, which helps to understand the British militarys misunderstanding of the IRA phenomenon, is the theory of the Irish historian P. Hart, who argues that the insurgency as a whole always has three ways of development: passive waiting, defense and attack. It is the choice of one of the three paths that determines what form the conflict will take and how power relations in paramilitary groups will be redefined.
Holocene Paleoseismology of the Steamboat Mountain Site: Evidence for Full-Length Rupture of the Teton Fault, Wyoming
Authors: DuRoss Christopher B. , Zellman Mark S. , Thackray Glenn D. , Briggs Richard W. , Gold Ryan D. , Mahan Shannon A.
Published: December 2020

The 72-km-long Teton fault in northwestern Wyoming is an ideal candidate for reconstructing the lateral extent of surface-rupturing earthquakes and testing models of normal-fault segmentation. To explore the history of earthquakes on the northern Teton fault, we hand-excavated two trenches at the Steamboat Mountain site, where the east-dipping Teton fault has vertically displaced west-sloping alluvial-fan surfaces. The trenches exposed glaciofluvial, alluvial-fan, and scarp-derived colluvial sediments and stratigraphic and structural evidence of two surface-rupturing earthquakes (SM1 and SM2). A Bayesian geochronologic model for the site includes three optically stimulated luminescence ages (∼12–17  ka) for the glaciofluvial units and 16 radiocarbon ages (∼1.2–8.6  ka) for the alluvial-fan and colluvial units and constrains SM1 and SM2 to 5.5±0.2  ka, 1σ (5.2–5.9 ka, 95%) and 9.7±0.9  ka, 1σ (8.5–11.5 ka, 95%), respectively. Structural, stratigraphic, and geomorphic relations yield vertical displacements for SM1 (2.0±0.6  m, 1σ) and SM2 (2.0±1.0  m, 1σ). The Steamboat Mountain paleoseismic chronology overlaps temporally with earthquakes interpreted from previous terrestrial and lacustrine paleoseismic data along the fault. Integrating these data, we infer that the youngest Teton fault rupture occurred at ∼5.3  ka, generated 1.7±1.0  m, 1σ of vertical displacement along 51–70 km of the fault, and had a moment magnitude (Mw) of ∼7.0–7.2. This rupture was apparently unimpeded by structural complexities along the Teton fault. The integrated chronology permits a previous full-length rupture at ∼10  ka and possible partial ruptures of the fault at ∼8–9  ka. To reconcile conflicting terrestrial and lacustrine paleoseismic data, we propose a hypothesis of alternating full- and partial-length ruptures of the Teton fault, including Mw∼6.5–7.2 earthquakes every ∼1.2  ky. Additional paleoseismic data for the northern and central sections of the fault would serve to test this bimodal rupture hypothesis.
KKTC Hala Sultan İlahiyat Koleji Mezunlarının Kurumsal Memnuniyet ve Aidiyet Düzeyleri
Authors: KOÇ Ahmet
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırma, KKTC’de ortaokul ve lise düzeyinde din eğitiminin verildiği tek okul olan Hala Sultan İlahiyat Koleji (HİK) mezunlarının kurumsal memnuniyet ve aidiyet düzeylerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. 2012 yılında kurulmasının ardından HİK ile ilgili henüz müstakil bir çalışmanın yapılmamış olması, bu araştırmayı önemli kılmaktadır. 2020 yılında nicel yöntemle yapılan araştırmaya 258 HİK mezunu katılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre HİK mezunlarının okuldaki hem alan eğitiminden hem de din eğitiminden yüksek düzeyde memnun kaldıkları ve okula aidiyet duygularının yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Okula kendi tercihiyle gelmiş olan mezunların, kadın mezunların, okul içindeki üniversite hazırlık kursuna katılan mezunların, okuldaki sosyal faaliyetlere katılan mezunların ve üniversitelerin sağlık bölümlerinde okuyan mezunların daha yüksek memnuniyet ve aidiyet düzeyine sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca mezunlar okulda gördükleri meslek (din) derslerinin üniversite sınavındaki başarılarına olumsuz bir etkisinin olmadığını düşünmektedirler. Mezunların kurum memnuniyetleri ile aidiyetleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu, memnuniyetleri arttıkça okul aidiyetlerinin de arttığı tespit edilmiştir.
Analysis on the Challenges and Countermeasures of Talent Training in Higher Vocational Education
Authors: Lv Lin
Published: December 2020

With the advancement of social and economic development and educational reform, some problems faced by higher vocational education have gradually emerged. At the same time, as an important part of urbanization construction, higher vocational education also faces many challenges. In order to adapt to the current educational development situation, it is necessary to seize opportunities, meet challenges, reform the ways of talent training in higher vocational education, deeply explore talent training models, and propose effective solutions and programs for education development and talent training.
Reconstruction of the Foundation of the Right to Request the Return of the Dowry
Authors: Zhang Huayue
Published: December 2020

The “betrothal gift” system was born in the traditional culture of China for 5,000 years. After thousands of years of baptism, it still plays a huge role in China’s wedding custom. With the development of modern society and economy, the amount of our betrothal benefit turned out to be higher, the more complicated and diverse the types of gifts are.The level of civilization in modern society has greatly improved, people are more advocating freedom, and the probability of divorce between men and women is getting higher and higher, so there are also many issues related to bride price disputes. Although my country has issued the “Interpretation of the Marriage Law (2)”, which gives judges a legal basis for handling such cases, the judicial interpretation is too general and superficial, and cannot fully adapt to today’s complex and changeable trial work. I will discuss my opinions and opinions from some of the current rules for the return of the lottery.
A Brief Analysis of the Positive Significance of ‘Three Minutes Before Class’ to Chinese Writing Teaching in Primary Schools Based on the Core Literacy of Chinese
Authors: Li Jing
Published: December 2020

Chinese learning consists of four parts: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The teaching process of Chinese writing in primary schools is inseparable from the practice of “listening, speaking and reading”. “Three minutes before class” not only can effectively exercise the ability of students’ listening, speaking, reading, and can stimulate students’ interest in writing. In addition, it can also implement the cultivation of Chinese core accomplishment in writing teaching and comprehensively improve the comprehensive quality of students, which lays a good foundation for students’ Chinese writing and thus promotes the improvement of their writing level.
Thinking from Undergraduate Education to Lifelong Education
Authors: Xiao Tiangui , Zhang Shaobo , Wang Chao , Yang Xianyu
Published: December 2020

With the development of human society, the knowledge and experience created by mankind has shown an explosive growth. It is difficult to fully grasp it by relying on individual energy. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of society, cultivate high-end technical talents and professional Refined development has become the inevitable direction of education and teaching, and undergraduate education is an efficient talent training model based on this. In addition, in order to better keep up with the development trend of the times, people should continue to learn and improve themselves. The country and society should also build a more complete lifelong education system to improve the comprehensive quality of our citizens and achieve our great revival. And keep working hard.
Probe into the Application of PBL Teaching Method and Practice Reform in the Teaching of Medicinal Botany
Authors: Li Yanjiao , Zhang Zhilu , Qi Guang , Gao Huashan
Published: December 2020

Medicinal botany is a discipline that studies traditional or folk knowledge about the use of plants to prevent and treat diseases, and it is an important part of Chinese medicine learning. Traditional teaching methods do not perform well in the teaching of medicinal plants. Therefore, in order to improve the teaching effect of medicinal botany, teachers need to continuously research and innovate teaching methods to improve the quality of teaching. This article is guided by the PBL teaching method, and studies the application of the PBL teaching method in the teaching of medicinal plants in detail, hoping to improve the learning effect of students and improve the teaching quality of medicinal botany.
On the Teaching Reform of Art Design Education in Applied Undergraduate Colleges
Authors: Qian Kaiyi
Published: December 2020

In order to further cater to the development needs of the current market economy, art design education and teaching in undergraduate colleges and universities need to carry out teaching reforms on the original basis, and strive to break the constraints of traditional teaching models and further cultivate students’ comprehensive practical ability. This paper analyzes the characteristics of applied undergraduate art design majors, combines the current problems in design education and teaching and the actual situation of teaching, reforms art design education and teaching from many aspects, and proposes a series of ways to improve the quality of art design teaching Reform measures, follow the concept of application-oriented talent training, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive ability of college art and design students.
Comparison of Effectiveness of Ropivacaine (0.5 %) with Fentanyl, and Bupivacaine (0.5 %) with Fentanyl, in Spinal Anaesthesia in Lower Limb and Lower Abdominal Surgeries
Authors: Singh Abhilasha , P.N Shivpriya , Sharma Sanjeev , Gupta Alka
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND We wanted to compare the efficacy of motor and sensory blockade in lower limb and lower abdomen surgeries achieved by ropivacaine-fentanyl and bupivacainefentanyl combinations administered intrathecally. METHODS A prospective, randomized [block randomization], interventional, comparative study was conducted on 116 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I – II patients. They were randomly divided into two groups of 58 patients each, to receive either 3 mL of 15 mg of 0.5 % ropivacaine with 25 mcg fentanyl [group RF] or 3 mL of 15 mg of 0.5 % bupivacaine with 25 mcg fentanyl [group BF] intrathecally. Pinprick test and Bromage scale was used to assess sensory and motor blockade, respectively. RESULTS Time taken for motor regression in group RF is lesser than that taken in group BF. CONCLUSIONS Ropivacaine along with fentanyl is more advantageous in spinal anaesthesia for infraumbilical surgeries due to brief duration of motor blockade. KEYWORDS Bupivacaine, Fentanyl, Ropivacaine, Spinal Anaesthesia
Comparison of Aesthetic and Functional Outcomes of Microvascular Reconstruction with Other Forms of Reconstruction in Oral Cavity Malignancies
Authors: Gogineni Tarun Chowdary , Puvvala Sriphani , Vallabhaneni Ajay Chanakya , Kotagiri Sreekanth , Chandra Jaya
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND Surgical resection is the main stay treatment in oral cancer. Different techniques were used by the surgeons for reconstruction of the normal anatomy. With these, a study was conducted to evaluate the outcome and quality of life in terms of conventional forms of reconstruction and functional outcome in both genders for oral cavity reconstruction. METHODS It was a hospital based non randomized study, conducted in the department of surgical oncology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and research centre, Bangalore from January 2017 to June 2018. Individuals aged 20 – 70 years with confirmed oral carcinoma were included; poor vascular supply of donor area, distant metastasis proved by chest X ray or abdominal ultrasound were excluded. Pre-structured proforma was used to collect the baseline data. ANOVA tests were used. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Majority (27.7 %) were in the age group 51 to 60 years and the male to female ratio was 0.56. Statistically, there was no significant association between gender and type of flaps. 60 % had carcinoma of left buccal mucosa and 40 % had right side carcinoma, statistically there was no significant difference. The mean number of nodes was 20.85 ± 9.52. Statistically, there was no significant association between type of flaps and number of lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS PMMC flap reconstruction is reliable and an affordable procedure with high success rate in achieving treatment goals. However, studies on large sample size for long term is required. KEYWORDS Oral Carcinoma, Microvascular Techniques, Local Flaps, Regional Flaps
Distribution of Leishmania Infection in Humans, Animal Reservoir Hosts and Sandflies in Golestan Province, Northeastern Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: MOZAFARI Omid , SOFIZADEH Aioub , SHORAKA Hamid Reza
Published: December 2020

Background: Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic diseases in the Golestan Province, northeastern Iran. In this study, we summarize the results of studies on the disease and its causative agent Leishmania in humans, vectors and reservoirs in the Golestan Province, Iran.
Methods: We retrieved all articles related to leishmaniasis in the Golestan Province, northern Iran from 1994 to 2018 in various databases including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Articles in Persian were retrieved from the IranMedex, SID and Magiran. Reference lists of relevant articles were also hand-searched. Local active researchers in the field of leishmaniasis were contacted to avoid missing any relevant articles. Overall, 54 papers were extracted, later evaluated by two research team members based on inclusion criteria. All analyses were performed using the Stata 14 software. Pooled prevalence was calculated using the metaprop command and a random-effect model. The I² statistic was used for measuring heterogeneity of studies.
Results: Ten articles in the province were related to detection of Leishmania species in patients with suspected cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis. Fifteen articles were dedicated to identification of Leishmania species in disease reservoirs and five articles were about detection of the parasite in sand flies. The pooled prevalence of L. major in patients with acute ulcer, wild rodents and sandflies was 83%, 29% and 11%, respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need for implementation of control measures among the reservoirs of both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in the Golestan Province, Iran.
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Value of Caspase-12 and Study of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: SUN Changqing , LI Xiulin , WANG Daoqing , WANG Liming
Published: December 2020

Background: To investigate the therapeutic and diagnostic value of caspase-12 and study of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: Overall 78 patients with AMI admitted to Weifang People's Hospital Brain Hospital, Weifang, China from Apr 2016 to Apr 2019 were enrolled as AMI group. Seventy five non-AMI people undergoing physical examination during the same period were enrolled as non-AMI group. The expression levels of caspase-12 and GDF-15 were detected and compared. The correlation between the expressions of GDF-15, caspase-12 and clinical characteristics and efficacy was detected. Single and combined detection of GDF-15 and caspase12 were performed analyze their role in the early diagnosis, the prediction of efficacy, and the guidance of clinical therapy.
Results: After treatment, the levels of GDF-15 and caspase-12 in AMI group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.001). The expression levels of GDF-15 and caspase-12 were significantly correlated with blood pressure (P<0.05). The expression levels of GDF-15 and caspase-12 were significantly negatively correlated with clinical efficacy in AMI group. The diagnostic value of combined detection of GDF-15 and caspase-12 was higher than that of single diagnosis. The levels of serum caspase-12 and GDF-15 proteins were significantly up-regulated in AMI patients. With the better therapeutic effect, the levels of serum caspase12 and GDF-15 proteins decreased significantly.
Conclusion: The levels of serum caspase-12 and GDF-15 proteins may be a key indicator in the clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and may also be used to guide the treatment of AMI patients and predict the therapeutic efficacy.
The Influence of Pain on Frailty among the Elderly: Based on Korea Health Panel
Authors: SHIN Sun Mi
Published: December 2020

Background: Interests between pain and frailty have been increasing in aging or aged societies. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of pain and frailty and to find the influence of pain on frailty.
Methods: Subjects were selected with aged 65 yr or older among pooled Korea Health Panel data from 2009 to 2013. The prevalence of pain was determined by combining some pain and extreme pain and also, frailty was defined when subjects had at least one of the following 6-domain frailty: physical inactivity, mobility reduction, dependence of daily life, depression, multimorbidity, and disability.
Results: The prevalence of pain and frailty was 56.1% and 59.8%. It was significantly higher in female (66.1% and 65.2%) and the oldest-old (69.4% and 71.8%). After adjusting for gender, age group, spouse, illiteracy, and economic activity, odds ratios of frailty for some pain and extreme pain were 2.8 (95% CI 2.6-3.0) and 10.5 (95% CI 8.0-13.8) in total subjects. The odds ratios of each 6-domain frailty for some and extreme pain were also significant. Among them, mobility reduction was 5.1 (95% CI 4.5-5.8) and 16.5 (95% CI 13.6-20.1), and dependence of daily life was 3.9 (95% CI 3.5-4.5) and 12.4 (95% CI 10.2-15.1).
Conclusion: Among the elderly, prevalence of frailty (59.8%) was somewhat higher than that of pain (56.1%). Female and oldest-old had higher prevalence of pain and frailty. In addition, some pain and extreme pain had a decisive influence on frailty and each 6-domain frailty. Therefore, pain control is essential to prevent or manage frailty.
Weight Control in Postmenopausal Korean Patients with Osteoarthritis
Authors: KIM MunHee
Published: December 2020

Background: Weight control is crucial for osteoarthritis management. This study investigated weight control methods in postmenopausal Korean osteoarthritis patients and examined their correlation with subjective health status and figure recognition, obesity, quality of life (QoL), and hemodynamic variables.
Methods: One thousand six hundred and seventy-eight female postmenopausal osteoarthritis patients participated in the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A frequency analysis was conducted for weight control methods, and phi coefficients for crossover analyses or Cramer’s V coefficient were calculated to identify the relationships between weight-control-related variables and subjective health status and QoL. Using independent t-tests, we examined the relationships of weight control methods with hemodynamic variables.
Results: Postmenopausal osteoarthritis patients’ preferred weight control methods were exercise, meal volume reduction, functional diet consumption, and the skipping of meals. Osteoarthritis patients who performed exercise demonstrated improved subjective figure recognition and health status, body weight, and recent 2- week discomfort, QoL, and hemodynamic variables (systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] levels). However, patients who attempted weight control by food volume reduction made relatively harder efforts to lose weight but were more likely to view themselves as obese, and demonstrated higher pain levels, anxiety/depression, and recent 2-week discomfort. Further, they exhibited lower triglyceride levels, as did patients who skipped meals.
Conclusion: Overall, Korean postmenopausal osteoarthritis patients’ preferred weight control methods were exercise and reduced food intake. Although reduced food intake was effective for weight control, exercise improved mental health and hemodynamics, particularly inflammation (hs-CRP) levels.
Quantitative Evidence of Pathological Tremor Suppression After Functional Electrical Stimulation
Authors: KANG Nyeonju
Published: December 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
Bichas pretas afeminadas: do silenciamento na escola a solidão na vida
Authors: Hilário Rosangela Aparecida , Dias Pereira Wilson Guilherme
Published: December 2020

Nos últimos quinze anos houve uma articulação progressista entre as políticas públicas que deram visibilidade a temáticas que uma parte significativa da sociedade brasileira gostaria de ver invisível: o uso social de nomes para travestis e trans, profissionalização e saúde da comunidade LGBTQI+, masculinidades e feminilidades dissidentes, os direitos e um processo de emancipação das pessoas negras, o acesso às universidades, os quais permitiram a construção de novas narrativas. Os Conselhos ligados aos grupos representantes dessas dissidências, organizados, exerceram pressão e conquistaram direitos que pareciam irreversíveis. Entretanto, o governo conservador instalado em 01 de janeiro de 2019, paralisou debates fundamentais que parecem relegados mais uma vez a clandestinidade. Entre estas temáticas, uma que perturba por ser a articulação de subalternidades e opressões diz respeito à construção das masculinidades negras, e o não lugar da bixa preta afeminada. A pesquisa está sendo realizada por meio da articulação de métodos que envolvem a etnografia escolar, a revisão bibliográfica e roteiro para entrevista focal. Até o momento, as indicações são de que a escola “invisibiliza” a sociedade ridiculariza, a polícia violenta e as ausências matam.
Do discurso de ódio homofóbico à resistência lgbtqia+: uma análise das mensagens publicadas nas redes sociais
Authors: Silva Josinaldo Monteiro da , Oliveira Uriel Mendes Carneiro de , Miranda Joseval dos Reis
Published: December 2020

As redes sociais representam um importante instrumento de comunicação e interatividade entre os indivíduos, diminuindo distâncias emocionais e possibilitando o contato com uma infinidade de discursos e informações, que podem contribuir para a convivência harmônica na sociedade ou provocar comportamentos discriminatórios e violentos entre os sujeitos. Dentro dessa perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar algumas mensagens, publicadas no Facebook e Twitter, de modo que possamos verificar os prováveis discursos homofóbicos e de resistência, propagados nesses espaços virtuais referentes à temática LGBTQIA+. Nosso estudo de caso segue fundamentado nas reflexões de Borrillo (2016), Furlani (2008), Valadares e Almeida (2018), entre outros, de maneira que possamos compreender os prováveis impactos, negativos e/ou positivos, de tais mensagens na convivência e respeito às diferenças de gênero e orientações afetivossexuais. Adotamos como hipótese a premissa de que as redes sociais constituem um dos espaços com elevado índice de discriminação às diferentes expressões da sexualidade, em consequência da distância física entre opressor e oprimido, da possibilidade de anonimato ou perfil de usuário fake e do provável tipo de educação sexual pelo qual os indivíduos foram educados. No decorrer da análise, ratificaremos o pressuposto de que existe em parte das mensagens analisadas um forte discurso de caráter homotransfóbico nas redes sociais arraigados por uma educação sexual moral-tradicionalista e religiosa-radical. Desse modo, esperamos que essa reflexão contribua para uma mudança de comportamento entre os sujeitos, levando-os a assumirem uma postura mais empática, respeitando as diferentes expressões de gênero e orientações afetivossexuais, nos variados espaços de convivência social, virtual ou físico.
Biopolítica, vestuário e transgressão: ensaio sobre o vestir como instrumento de resistência à heteronormatividade
Authors: Memória Viana Lysia Maria , Albuquerque Sobral e Silva Felipe
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo trata-se de um ensaio teórico que possui como objetivo discutir como ocorreu a marginalização dos gêneros alheios ao padrão binário através do conceito de biopolítica de Foucault, e como essa hegemonia pautada em mecanismos de dominação está sendo quebrada não só por meio de grandes movimentos e gestos, mas também por pequenos aspectos presentes no cotidiano desses indivíduos, sendo um deles a estética e, mais especificamente, o vestuário. O que se veste, portanto, assume o caráter de microrresistência e se torna um importante instrumento de identidade, liberdade, transgressão e transformação. Por se tratar de um ensaio teórico, o estudo é fundamentado na pesquisa bibliográfica acerca dos assuntos-chave, buscando uma compreensão mais aprofundada a respeito da relação entre poder, corpo, vestuário e sexualidade.
Carreira profissional de homens e mulheres no setor de turismo: intersecção de profissão, carreira e divisão sexual do trabalho
Authors: Bicalho Thiago Eduardo Freitas , Maia Eloiza Helena Gonçalves , Quirino Raquel
Published: December 2020

A atividade turística se desenvolve como uma das principais empregadoras do setor de serviços, contudo, há diferença entre ser profissional homem e ser profissional mulher e, consequentemente, este fator influencia as carreiras profissionais no setor de turismo. A questão central desta pesquisa é responder em que medida as produções científicas - teses e dissertações - abordam a intersecção da carreira profissional de homens e mulheres com o trabalho no setor de turismo. Com o intuito de responder a questão proposta, a presente investigação tem como objetivo geral apontar as produções científicas - teses e dissertações – que abordam a intersecção da carreira profissional de homens e mulheres com o trabalho no setor de turismo. A investigação divide-se em uma aproximação teórica conceitual de profissão, carreira profissional e divisão sexual do trabalho no setor de turismo e uma abordagem sobre a intersecção de carreira profissional e o trabalho no setor de turismo através das produções científicas.  Através de uma análise qualitativa, a presente pesquisa é de natureza exploratória E adota-se como modelo a pesquisa bibliográfica com a busca dos dados na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações – BDTD associando o descritor "turismo" aos descritores "profissão", "carreira" e "trajetória profissional". Aponta-se com esta investigação que apenas 01 produção científica adota um olhar sexuado na produção sobre a intersecção da carreira profissional de homens e mulheres com o trabalho no setor de turismo.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE GEOMETRIC MOTIFS OF THE ATEEQ MOSQUE (SHIRAZ) AND THE CORDOBA MOSQUE (CORDOBA) WITH A CONTEXTUAL APPROACH
Authors: Karim Somayeh , Goodarzparvari Parnaz , Aref Mohammad , Bahmani Pardis
Published: December 2020

Islamic art is an introverted art derived from mystical thought and believes expressed in artistic activities and is pure, indigenous, and commensurate with the spirit and social status of its time; Islamic architecture also has an Islamic foundation, and it has a close relationship with the decorative arts. In this regard, mosques are considered the most significant Islamic architecture achievements; in most cases, geometrical shapes and motifs with religious and natural themes have been used. Therefore, the present study's primary purpose is to study the geometric patterns of the Ateeq Mosque (Shiraz) and the Cordoba Mosque (Cordoba) by a descriptive-analytical method. Analyzing the collected data revealed that the motifs and their role in both the Ateeq Mosque of Shiraz and Cordoba are similar. Among the essential motifs observed in these two mosques can be the circle (symbol of being and the symbol of heaven and God), Shams (symbol of the sun and celestial light), the triangle with the downward vertex, the symbol of the female principle and the upward symbol of the mountain symbol and the masculine principle and crucifix (symbol of rotation of the seasons and permanent reproduction) and spiral as the symbol of fertility. In the Islamic period, these motifs are decorated with architectural spaces. The geometric motifs represent natural elements. As appreciation and sanctification of natural elements have been noticed, geometric motifs symbolically evoke those sacred elements and were illustrated in Iran and Spain's arts.
Influencia de las prácticas laborales de responsabilidad social empresarial basado en la norma internacional ISO 26000 en la retención de colaboradores de 25 a 34 años en empresas del sector bancario en Lima Metropolitana al año 2019
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Cancino Deza Diana Carolina , Lazo Castillo Grover Alberto
Published: December 2020

El presente estudio tiene como finalidad determinar los principales factores de las prácticas laborales establecidas por la norma ISO 26000 enfocadas en Responsabilidad Social Empresarial que influyen en la retención de colaboradores millennials de 25 a 34 años en el sector bancario en Lima Metropolitana. Para ello, la investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance correlacional y se aplicó una encuesta, la misma que fue validada para su aplicación en la problemática peruana. El instrumento de medición para este caso fue diseñado teniendo en cuenta las dimensiones mencionadas por la ISO 26000 sobre prácticas laborales de RSE y las dimensiones de retención de colaboradores mencionadas por Kossivi, Xu y Kalgora (2016). La muestra se encuentra representada por los trabajadores de los 4 principales bancos (Catalán, 2019) (Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP, 2019) del sector financiero en edades de 25 a 34 años en Lima Metropolitana. Los participantes respondiendo encuestas con escala de tipo Likert. Asimismo, el criterio de confiabilidad con el cual se validó el instrumento fue el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Después de haber obtenido los resultados, se puede señalar que existe una alta relación entre las prácticas laborales establecidas por la norma ISO 26000 y la retención de colaboradores, así mismo, se concluye que las prácticas establecidas por la ISO 26000 influye en la retención de colaboradores de 25 a34 años, siendo los principales factores: las relaciones laborales, el desarrollo humano y formación en la organización, las condiciones de trabajo y protección social.