bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The age-gender aspects of duration of pre-hospital stage of acute myocardium infarction (5 years dynamics)
Authors: Okrugin Sergey A. , Garganeeva A. A. , Kuzheleva E. A. , Tukish O. V. , Borel K. N.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of studying of duration ofpre-hospital stage of acute myocardium infarction and its composing periods in patients depending on age and gender of patients. The analysis was applied to 627 and 840 cases of disease registered in the register of acute myocardium infarction in 2008 and 2013 correspondingly. The pre-hospital stage was divided on three time periods: 1st - from moment of development of acute myocardium infarction to addressing of patient for medical care; 2d -from addressing of patient for medical care to first physician's examination; 3d - from examination to hospitalization. During five years duration of pre-hospital stage decreased at the expense of more operative activity of emergency care teams. This occurrence promoted increasing of number ofpatients hospitalized during first six hours and first day from the onset of disease. The largest losses related to timeliness of addressing of patients for medical care remained invariable. It is demonstrated that gender and age of patients are not stable factors effecting appealability of patients with acute myocardium infarction for medical care. The conclusion is made concerning necessity of amelioration of sanitary competence of population primarily among patients with cardio-vascular diseases.
The methodological approaches of studying development of family health by implementation of its functions
Authors: Pogodina Vera A. , Babenko A. I. , Tataurova E. A.
Published: September 2019

The article presents analysis of qualitative characteristics of information sources concerning methodological approaches to study of health of family with consideration for implementation of its function on the basis of 562 national and foreign publications in Internet resources: 78 medical sites, 12 sociological sites, 3 economic sites. It is emphasized that in 96.5-100% of scientific publications the methodological approaches are oriented to studying of social philosophical, social economical, medical social hygienic problems in countries of European Union and in Russia and on ethnic, financial insurance and legal issues too. All of them firstly input into public and individual health. Secondly, they give a view of effectiveness of quality of primary medical sanitary care. Nevertheless, they provide no solution of issues related to study of formation of health offamily under implementation of its priority functions.
The organization of stomatological care to population of the USSR in late 1940s - early 1960s: issues of accessibility and quality
Authors: Gonchar Vladimir V. , Ratmanov P. E.
Published: September 2019

The article discovers approaches to organization of stomatological care ofpopulation in post-war period concerning planning, standards, dislocation and actual activity of stomatological practices. The implemented organizational activities permitted caring population in territorial and shop-floor physicians' districts applying different methods of sanitization of oral cavity. The central health care authorities formulated qualitative indicators of activities of stomatological institutions to be implemented on the basis of increasing of technical support and implementation of new technologies and materials.
The activity of health centers related to prevention of diseases in children
Authors: Berezin I. I. , Budarina I. Yu. , Ugnich K. A. , Suchkov Vyacheslav V.
Published: September 2019

The analysis was applied concerning indices of functioning of the Health center for children in Samara in 2011-2013. In the structure of established risk factors in children dominated functional deviations in cardiovascular system, stomatological diseases and deviation of parameters of physical development. Out of children, examined in 2011-2013 the dynamic observation covered 1579 (10.83%) children and 443 (28.06%) out of them were re-examined. From all children, 1618 (11.1%) were transferred to curative preventive y organizations in place of residence because of detected pathology. According the results of functioning of the health center monthly the reports are generated to be send to the Health ministry of the Samara region by the way of the form 068/u.
The social economic problems of accessibility of medical care for patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Zhuzhlova Nadezhda Yu. , Erugina M. V. , Sazanova G. Yu. , Krom I. L.
Published: September 2019

The article presents analysis of accessibility of medicinal treatment according to standards of medical care for able-bodied patients with arterial hypertension. The inadequate medicinal support in case of out-patient treatment of population not included to benefit categories turned out one of problems in the area of circulation of medications in the Russian Federation. Until now, arterial hypertension positioned to be among diseases without any public compensation of costs for outpatient treatment. The actual study substantiates that out-patient treatment with its average costs according established standards makes up to 964.2 rubles per month is inaccessible for 78% of respondents of able-bodied patients included into study.
The infectious socially significant diseases in places of imprisonment
Authors: Mikhaylova Yu. V. , Nechaeva Olga B. , Samarina E. A. , Tikhonova Yu. V. , Shikina I. B.
Published: September 2019

In places of imprisonment of Russia the system of registration and monitoring ofpatients is the same as in civil health care. This system includes data on detection, diagnostic, treatment and dispensary observation of socially significant diseases. The obtained information is summarized with data concerning civil population and then is passed to Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and profile research institutes within the framework of common federal and sectoral report forms. The systematic medical examinations, intensification of activities of infection control, support of effective treatment and coordination of measures between Ministry of Justice of Russia and Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, international partners favored dramatic decreasing of indicator of morbidity of contingents ofpenitentiary system (up to 2.7 times during 1999-2015). Nowadays, the epidemic situation on tuberculosis in institutions of the penal executive system can be characterized as stable and controlled and having tendency to amelioration. Overall, as compared with Russian national average indices (2015), in places of imprisonment morbidity is higher: with tuberculosis 19,4 times, HIV-infection - in 26,9 times, syphilis - in 8.9 times. Among primarily registered patients of Federal penitentiary service of Russia in investigative isolation ward s in 2015 were detected 46% with tuberculosis, 84.6% with HIV-infection, 96.6% with syphilis. The number of patients infected with HIV-infection in contrast with tuberculosis has no tendency to decreasing in places of imprisonment. In 2015 percentage of infected individuals in institutions of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia began to increase in the structure of morbidity of HIV-infection in Russia in general. The cause of death of deceased with combined pathology (tuberculosis + HIV-infection) is HIV-infection mainly because almost in 90% HIV-infection has late stages. This indirectly testifies presence ofproblems related to detection of infection socially significant diseases among socially deadapted persons in civil health care.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MANY YEARS DYNAMICS OF MORBIDITY OF INFECTIONS RELATED TO MEDICAL CARE SUPPORT IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Ziatdinov V. B. , Trukhina G. M. , Badamshina Gulnara G. , Krestnikova L. V.
Published: September 2019

The retrospective epidemiological study was carried out concerning infections related to medical care support registered in population on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2002-2015. The reason of such a study was because of late identification and registration of infections related to medical care support, significant damage to population health, development of complications in significant percentage of hospitalized patients and necessity of investigation of patterns of development and outspread of nosocomial infections. The epidemiological analysis was implemented using report form of the Federal statistical observation № 2 of the Federal service of control of sector of defense of rights of consumers and human well-being “The data of infectious and parasitic infections”. The dynamics, structure of many years morbidity and main parameters of manifestation of epidemic process were investigated. The derived data was used as a basis to provide epidemiological characteristic of many years' dynamics of various classes of infections related to medical care support. The indices of morbidity are calculated with consideration for average annual population size. The priority nosologic forms of infections related to medical care support were established concerning newborns (pyodermatitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, omphalitis, sepsis, etc.), puerpera (pyo-septic infections, mastitis, sepsis), adult population (postoperative and post-injection complications, infections of urinary tracts, nosocomial pneumonia, viral hepatitis, etc.) which dynamics was characterized by positive and negative rate of increment of indicator. The obtained data was compared with indices represented in national and foreign publications. The implemented study testifies the necessity of development of measures epidemiological monitoring of decreasing of morbidity because of infections related to medical care support in medical organizations.
THE RISK TO HEALTH OF OPERATORS UNDER APPLICATION OF PESTICIDES IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Bereznyak Irina V. , Rakitskiy V. N. , Mikheeva E. N. , Yarygin I. V.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of hygienic evaluation of application of pesticides of various purpose in farms of the Dmitrovsky district of the Moskovskaya oblast. The admissible risk is established concerning effect of pesticides on workers at adherence of technological regulations and requirements of safety. The comparative characteristic is given related to pesticide load in various farms of the region and health of workers contacting with the substances.
THE HEALTH OF WORKERS OF CONCENTRATING MILLS BY MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF CONCENTRATION OF MINERALS AND PREVENTION MEASURES
Authors: Sukhova Anna V. , Preobrazhenskaya E. A. , Il’Nitskaya A. V. , Kir’Yakov V. A.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of study of factors of occupational risk for health of workers of ore-dressing factories. At ore-dressing factories, despite of implementing new technological processes and modern equipment, leading role of noise factor and pollution of air of working zone with aerosols predominantly of fibrogenic effect is preserved. for workers of ore-dressing factories a high degree of industrial conditioning of diseases of blood circulation organs, respiratory organs, bone muscular system, INT organs is specific. The structure of occupational diseases is formed by dust diseases of lungs and occupational pathology of organ of hearing. The complex of preventive measures is developed and ways of their implementation are proposed targeted to supporting health of workers opf ore-dressing factories and preventing development of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases.
Dampak UU No. 18 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perkebunan Terhadap Perubahan Sosial-Budaya Masyarakat (Studi Atas Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit dengan Pola Perkebunan Inti Rakyat di Sumatera Selatan)
Authors: Qibtiyah Mariatul
Published: September 2019

The plantation has a great potential in contributing to the economy in Indonesia. So, the government makes a policy in the form of laws No. 18 in 2004 about The Plantations. The ACT of Plantation regulates about the management of the Plantation and a clear legal protection through  The Core of People's Plantations (Perkebunan Inti Rakyat/PIR). But the presence of The Plantation ACT is questioned its allignment. The Core of People's Plantations System which has been set up in the ACT of any impact on social change community around the plantations, such as indigenous land that changes into a plantation area, changes in social status, community life, patterns of change value systems in society, and so on.
Strategi Pemenangan Pasangan Calon Herman Deru Dan Mawardi Yahya Pada Pilkada Sumatera Selatan Tahun 2018
Authors: Maharani Maharani
Published: September 2019

Election of Regional Heads of South Sumatra Province has been held in 2018 with 4 pairs of candidates participated and won by the couple Herman Deru and Mawardi Yahya. The interesting thing from this research is that there has been intense competition between the four Paslon. Where each candidate, previously served as regional head in several districts in South Sumatra. The victory of this couple did not escape the winning strategy that they have implemented. The problem discussed in this study is how the process of the campaign implemented by Herman Deru and Mawardi Yahya in the South Sumatra Regional Election in 2018 and what the winning strategy used by the Paslon. The researcher uses the strategy theory from Kotten where in this theory it is stated that there are 4 types of winning strategies namely organizational strategy, program strategy, resource strategy, and institutional strategy. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. Methods of collecting data from this study through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that of the 4 types of winning strategies as proposed by Kotten, the four strategies have been implemented by the couple Herman Deru and Mawardi Yahya. The strategy they use is different from the strategies used by other partners such as organizational strategy. Specifically in the program section and how to campaign through social media. And there are 4 stages of the campaign process set by the South Sumatra KPU in the South Sumatra Regional Election in the 2018-2023 period, namely public debates, distribution of campaign materials, installation of campaign props, and campaign advertisements in the media.
Manajemen Penanganan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan (Karhutla) Guna Peningkatan Ekonomi Kerakyatan
Authors: Wibowo Kunto Arief
Published: September 2019

Forest and land fires (forest and land fires) continue every year. Since 2014 until that event continues to occur. Various methods have been carried out, but it still happens. This paper aims to explain another method of handling forest and land fires, which uses a populist economic approach with an emphasis on management aspects in management. The method used is qualitative by conducting field research and the use of related references, including the author's direct experience in handling forest and land fire. The results obtained indicate there must be a harmonized management of handling all parties, all involved, including the involvement of agencies which so far have not been actively involved. Understanding of people's economy is needed, because this is the key to effective implementation.
Attitude of the population of russia towards the post-mortem organ donation and the sources of information involved in its shaping
Authors: Romanov S. V. , Abaeva O. P
Published: September 2019

This study focuses on the need to shape attitude of the Russian people to support the development of the post-mortem organ donation program. The aim of the work was to study the attitude of the population to the post-mortem organ donation and to determine the sources of information involved in its shaping. The study was based on the results of a survey of 250 patients at the federal medical center where organ transplant operations are performed. The analysis demonstrates the multi-stage process of shaping a position of support for the post-mortem organ donation among the population - from understanding the humanity of this activity to concrete steps to support it. At the same time, propaganda of organ donation is important through the involvement of the media, educational system resources, and scientific professional communities. In Russia, it is necessary to start outreach with the population concerning organ donation from the first stage, to facilitate an understanding of the need for its development in order to save the lives of seriously ill people, and therefore systematic work is needed using opportunities primarily from television and Internet sources.
New opportunities bioethical training of future doctors
Authors: Petrov A. V. , Kostenko O. V.
Published: September 2019

The Commission on social and humanitarian areas of scientific and educational activities in medicine has been approved by decision of the Presidium of the Cluster "South" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation/ The Commission began its work in January 2019. This is the first attempt to unite humanitarians of medical universities in our country. The Commission plans, in particular, to promote and protect biomedical ethics as a mandatory discipline in secondary, higher and postgraduate medical education.
POVERTY, REGIONAL LEGACY IN STRENGTH PRESPECTIVE
Authors: Wulandari Kusuma , Wahjuni Sri , Karyaningtyas Setyowati
Published: September 2019

Poverty and underdevelopment are two indicators in measuring the level of development of a region. Poverty is one indicator of an area as the lowest category of regions because poverty is defined as a state of the region where people cannot meet basic needs and do not have access to power. Whereas the area left behind is characterized by 1). Low community potential 2). There is no public access to increase its potential. Various efforts to overcome poverty and underdevelopment have been carried out by the government, especially with empowerment. Empowerment is an effort to increase the power of the community in order to have a prosperous life. One of the Empowerment that will be used in overcoming regional backwardness is empowerment based on a community strength approach or Strength Based Perspective.

Keywords: Empowerment, Poverty, Legacy and Strength Perspective
SOCIETY ADVOCACY COALITION IN PUBLIC DIALOGUE AS PUBLIC POLICY MAKING
Authors: Rahardian Ramaditya , Habibah Bintan Aulia
Published: September 2019

This article aimed to find out the role and interest of a society in a public dialogue as policy making in Bojonegoro District by observing theory review of Sabatier and Wible in Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). Furthermore, research in this article used research method of qualitative descriptive with technique of collecting data through observation, interview and documentation. Technique of determining informant used purposive sampling, then it changed to snowball sampling. Public dialogue is a common space between society between people/society and Government of Bojonegoro District to discuss the needs of people that became a public policy based on aspiration and society demands. The result of the research showed society coalition that succeeded influencing Government of Bojonegoro District in policy making.

Keywords: Coalition, Public Dialogue, Policy making, Advocacy Coalitions Framework.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE VILLAGE LAW IMPLEMENTATION POLICY BY USING EDWARD III MODEL APPROACH IN GARUT
Authors: Kania Ikeu , Geusan Gugun , Raturahmi Leadya , Ulumudin Aceng , Rustiana Erna , Budiman Mutiana
Published: September 2019

The equitable, prosperous, and independent village development that have not realized is the main problem of this study. The existence of Law no 6 of 2014 on Villages on the one hand is a hope but on the other hand becomes a challenge that must be built in a collaborative synergy between stakeholders or the elements of society in order to achieve the vision and mission of community independence and prosperity.

In Karangpawitan Subdistrict there are several obstacles in implementing Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages. The obstacles are the lack of human resource who understands the laws, the lack of conducive communication, and complicated and unclear bureaucratic structure and disposition of the main duties and functions of each village officials which make the impact on nontransparent and unaccountable public service.

The method research used was qualitative approach with case study. The data was collected by doing observation and deep interview with the informant. The data analysis technique was Edward III Model approach by analyzing the factors that influence the implementation of policies, such as: (1) Communication; (2) Resources; (3) Disposition; and (4) Bureaucratic Structure.

The result of this research showed that there were several factors that should be improved and noticed in Dimension of Communication. The factors were goals and objectives, understanding and socialization form in order to achieve the goals and objectives that have been made. Furthermore, the Dimensions of Resources related to the competence of the village officials is the main problem and financial resources. The dimension of disposition is the character and characteristics possessed by implementers, such as lack of commitment, honesty, and ways of accepting the others’ opinions. The last is the dimension of bureaucratic structure. It is the task, principal and function of the village officials which have not been optimal.

Keywords: Public Policy, Village Development, Public Welfare
THE SERVICE QUALITY OF THE MINING BUSINESS PERMIT: STUDY IN THE INTEGRATED BUSINESS PERMIT SERVICE AGENCY OF TASIKMALAYA CITY
Authors: Kusnandar Ishak
Published: September 2019

In public services, the step that needs to be considered by the government bureaucracy is how to increase awareness of the public interest, and for that the quality of public services by the government bureaucracy that has high dedication and loyalty will certainly be more relevant to current conditions. Government bureaucracy should be a channel of devotion and high loyalty to services that are oriented to the public interest, not vice versa which is abuse of power or authority. In carrying out its duties or functions of the government bureaucracy must be aware of changes both internally and externally. The tendency inherent in the government bureaucracy is the lack of attention to affordability and equity in service to the public interest. Easy, cheap, fast, right safe and comfortable service is fundamental to the public, because it can be seen from the socio-economic conditions that they cannot get expensive services. It is unfortunate that in fact, seeing that there are still many bureaucrats that tend to avoid public interests, that is why the level of the service quality for the public is still low. This study aims to analyze and describe the service quality of the mining business license in the Integrated Licensing Service Agency of Tasikmalaya City. The statement of the problem is that the service quality of the mining business licenses is still not good, while the formulation of the problem is how is the service quality of the mining business license at The Integrated Licensing Service Agency of Tasikmalaya City? The usefulness of this research is generally useful for aspects of scientific development in public administration, and is particularly useful in developing the public service quality . The research method used is a survey. Data collection techniques through primary and secondary data with presentation analysis. The results showed that the quality of public services in the mining business permit services in The Integrated Licensing Service Agencyof Tasikmalaya City was not good.

Keywords: Government Bureaucracy, Quality of Public Servants
UNDERSTANDING PEACE FORMATION: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Harnadi Dodik
Published: September 2019

Peace study is now one of the most debated discourses. In the discourse of peace study, the modes of peace which was based on the liberal western values have long gained supremacy. Three generations of peace study occurred from that liberal tradition. Along with the strengthening – and even the romanticizing- of locality, the liberal peace traditions began to be criticized. Post Liberal Peace presented around the searching for the modes of ideal peace by criticizing the liberal peace traditions that based on liberal values. Post liberal peace or, as Richmond conceptualized, peace formation, was the correction of liberal peace generation and the celebration of the strengthening of locality. Unfortunately, there is theoretical gap, as many theories of that post liberal generation can’t elaborate sociologically how locality involved in peace process and bound as social norms. To fill the gap, the literature study uses Giddens’s structuration to understand how locality becomes the base of peace formation. Based on structuration theory of Giddens, the study found that local actors could act as an agent with capacity to formulate the mode of peace by standing on the local attributes as the ground as well as cultures and social values-norms. In Addition, the local actors had the both reflexive and discursive consciousness in interpreting the purposes of local values conversion as a base of peace formation.

Keywords: Agent; Liberal Peace; Local; Peace Formation; Post Liberal Peace; Structuration
Legitimating Reflective Writing in SoTL: “Dysfunctional Illusions of Rigor” Revisited
Authors: Cook-Sather Alison , Abbot Sophia , Felten Peter
Published: September 2019

In a classic 2010 article, Craig Nelson critiques his own previously held “Dysfunctional Illusions of Rigor” that for years had constrained his teaching. He demonstrates that certain “rigorous” pedagogical practices disadvantage rather than support learners, and he argues for an expansion of what counts as legitimate pedagogical approaches. We evoke Nelson’s assertions to make a parallel argument regarding the traditional conventions of academic discourse. While formal scholarly writing may be well suited to capturing some of the outcomes of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL), these genres can also be exclusive; inadequate to the task of conveying the complex, incomplete, and messy aspects of the work; and neither interesting nor accessible to those who are not required to produce or to read SoTL publications. We propose that reflective writing be legitimated as a form of writing for SoTL, and we use examples from a growing body of reflective writing about pedagogical partnership to illustrate our points. Echoing Nelson, our four reasons for this expansion of legitimacy are: (1) the process of reflection is an essential component of learning; (2) reflective writing captures the complexity of learning; (3) reflection is an accessible form of writing for both new and experienced SoTL authors; and (4) reflective writing is accessible to a wide range of readers. We conclude by emphasizing the potential of including reflective writing among those modes of analysis valued in SoTL to expand what counts as rigor in the construction and representation of knowledge about teaching and learning.
Cinco consideraciones en la composición arquitectónica de la vivienda social vertical en Aguascalientes por del estilo de vida actual
Authors: Ruiz Morales Mauricio
Published: September 2019

La vivienda social debe de responder a las necesidades de la población de manera integral, considerando aspectos sociales, económicos, culturales y simbólicos, debido a que en ésta, se desarrollan diferentes actividades que ayudan a la estructuración social y simbólica de los individuos en sociedad. En el desarrollo de la edificación de vivienda social en vertical,  los diseños deben de estar dirigidos hacia un adecuado habitar, fomentando las condiciones necesarias para ser una plataforma adecuada para el desarrollo comunitario. Por el contrario, en gran parte del territorio mexicano, en la actualidad, la producción de vivienda social tiene una respuesta más orientada a atender aspectos económicos del mercado de la producción de la edificación, que a las necesidades económicas y sociales de la población en condiciones de pobreza y vulnerabilidad en México. Hay una necesidad imperante en reflexionar acerca de la forma del uso de las viviendas sociales en vertical, así que, dentro del presente artículo, se muestran ciertas consideraciones (cinco aspectos) acerca del perfil de los beneficiarios de la vivienda social en vertical, que generan tensiones en la forma y estilo de habitar las viviendas. Para cubrir los fines de la investigación, se analizó un caso en la ciudad de Aguascalientes. La propuesta del presente escrito, tiene la intención de ser una herramienta reflexiva para tratar de encontrar posibilidades al momento de desarrollar complejos habitacionales dirigidos a la vivienda social en vertical.
Sensors for Expert Grip Force Profiling: Towards Benchmarking Manual Control of a Robotic Device for Surgical Tool Movements
Authors: de Mathelin Michel , Nageotte Florent , Zanne Philippe , Dresp-Langley Birgitta
Published: September 2019

STRAS (Single access Transluminal Robotic Assistant for Surgeons) is a flexible robotic system based on the Anubis® platform of Karl Storz for application to intra-luminal surgical procedures. It consists of three cable-driven systems, one endoscope serving as guide and two inserted instruments. The flexible and bendable instruments have three degrees of freedom and can be teleoperated by a single user via two specially designed master interfaces. In this research, a pair of specific sensor gloves, which ergonomically fit to the master handles of the system was designed and the forces applied by one expert and one novice user during system-specific task execution in a simulator task (4-step-pick-and-drop) were compared. The results show that user expertise is not only reflected by shorter task execution times but also, more importantly, by specific differences in handgrip force profiles for specific sensor locations on anatomically relevant parts of the fingers and hand controlling the surgical instruments of the robotic master/slave system.
SDGs reporting by Quality, Environmental, and Occupational Health and Safety certified organizations
Authors: Fonseca Luis , Carvalho Filipe
Published: September 2019

Organizations can play a significant role in the advancement of Sustainable Development, and companies with Quality, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (QEOHS) certified management systems address the three Sustainability Dimensions (economic, environmental and social). This research aims to map the present level of engagement of those companies in contributing and reporting to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of The United Nations 2030 Agenda. The content of companies reports (available in web sites, by 31 December 2017) of a total of 235 Portuguese organizations with QEOHS certified management systems, was analyzed. The results show a moderate reporting of SDGs by those companies, with the top five being SDG 12 - Responsible consumption and production (23.8%), SDG 13 – Climate action (22.1%), SDG 09 - Industry, innovation, and infrastructure (21.3%), SDG 08 - Decent work and economic growth (20.0%) and SDG 17 - Partnerships for the goals (19.6%). The results of the statistical tests indicate that the communication of SDGs is more prominent in organizations (QEOHS) with higher business volume, that are members of the United Nations Global Compact Network Portugal, and that disclose their sustainability reports on their web site. This study can be useful for decision-makers that aim to support organizations to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals.
ERCP in Super-Aged Patients Considering Difficult Cannulation: Challenges and Adverse Events
Authors: Tabak Fatema , Wang Hui-Shan , Li Quan-Peng , Ge Xian-Xiu , Wang Fei , Ji Guo-Zhong , Miao Lin
Published: September 2019

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a routinely used therapeutic procedure for the biliary and pancreatic diseases. Population aging may increase the typical indications of ERCP and come with more complexity and difficulties, especially in cannulation. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, causes, and management of difficult biliary cannulation during ERCP in super-aged patients and the role of difficult cannulation as a risk factor for adverse events. A total of 614 patients, underwent ERCP, were prospectively studied as a cohort and divided into two groups based on their age. There were 146 patients aged 80 years or older in group A and 468 patients aged less than 80 years in group B. The primary outcome measures were the difficulty grade of papilla cannulation, clinical outcomes, and ERCP-related complications in the two groups. The adverse events were analyzed using logistic regression for patient age, co-morbidities, indications, and cannulation difficulty grade variables. There was no difference in the incidence of difficult cannulation between the two groups (32.9% vs. 34.4%, p=0.765) though, as expected, super-aged Group A had a higher prevalence of periampullary diverticulum (29.5% vs. 16.7%, p=0.001). The technical cannulation success rate was (96.6% vs. 96.8%, p= 0.54). All used cannulation techniques in the elderly group were efficient and safe. Logistic regression showed that age ≥80 was not associated with increased adverse events; however, difficult cannulation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=3.478; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.877, 6.442; p<0.001) and CCI ≥2 (AOR=1.824; 95% CI=0.993, 3.349; p=0.045) were more likely to have adverse events. Age ≤65 (AOR=3.460; 95% CI=1.511, 7.922; p=0.003), female gender (AOR=2.362; 95% CI=1.089, 5.124; p=0.030), difficult cannulation (AOR=4.527; 95% CI=2.078, 9.860; p<0.001), and patients with cholangitis (AOR=3.261; 95% CI=1.204, 8.832; p=0.020) were strongly associated with increasing Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (PEP). Advanced age has not proved to be a risk factor of difficult cannulation, and secondary cannulation techniques can be safely and efficaciously utilized for this group. CCI ≥2 and difficult cannulation are associated with increased overall adverse events rate while age ≥80 factor is not.
Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Overview of the Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in the Management
Authors: Maifata Sadiq Mu'azu , Hod Rafidah , Zakaria Nor Fadhina , Abd Ghani Fauzah
Published: September 2019

Detection of PLA2R and THSD7A among primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) patients transformed the diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis. Anti-PLA2R can be detected in 70-90% of primary MGN patients while anti-THSD7A in 2-3% of anti-PLA2R negative primary MGN patients depending on the technique used. Serum and urine samples are less invasive and non-invasive respectively and can detect the presence of anti-PLA2R and anti-THSD7A with higher sensitivity and specificity, significant in patients’ monitoring and prognosis better than exposing patients to frequent biopsy which is an invasive procedure. Different techniques of detection of PLA2R and THSD7A in patients’ urine and sera were reviewed with the aim of providing newer and alternative techniques. We proposed the use of biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in making the diagnosis, treatment decision and follow up of patients with primary MGN. We also reviewed other prognostic renal biomarkers like retinol binding protein (RBP) and beta-2 microglobulin in order to detect progression of renal damage for early intervention.
Scalable Blockchain Protocol Based on Proof of Stake and Sharding
Authors: Gao Yuefei ,   Department of Intelligent Interaction Technologies, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan, Kawai Shin , Nobuhara Hajime
Published: September 2019

Blockchain – a distributed and public database of transactions – has become a platform for decentralized applications. Despite its increasing popularity, blockchain technology faces a scalability problem: the throughput does not scale with the increasing network size. Thus, in this paper, we propose a scalable blockchain protocol to solve the scalability problem. The proposed method was designed based on a proof of stake (PoS) consensus protocol and a sharding protocol. Instead of transactions being processed by the whole network, the sharding protocol is employed to divide unconfirmed transactions into transaction shards and to divide the network into network shards. The network shards process the transaction shards in parallel to produce middle blocks. Middle blocks are then combined into a final BLOCK in a timestamp recorded on the blockchain. Experiments were performed in a simulation network consisting of 100 Amazon EC2 instances. The latency of the proposed method was approximately 27 s and the maximum throughput achieved was 36 transactions per second for a network containing 100 nodes. The results of the experiments indicate that the throughput of the proposed protocol increases with the network size. This confirms the scalability of the proposed protocol.
Feature Extraction of Mild Cognitive Impairment Using a Dual-Task of Drawing and Counting Test
Authors: Fujiwara Katsuya ,   Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University 1-1 Tegata-gakuen-machi, Akita, Akita 010-8502, Japan, Kano Hidenori , Mitobe Kazutaka
Published: September 2019

From the perspective of preventive care, a monitoring function that detects a decline in cognitive function would be useful as an information and communications technology (ICT) based service for watching over elderly people. We developed a system that evaluates cognitive functioning by simultaneously measuring dual tasks using a tablet computer. The tasks comprised a spiral drawing task and a color change counting task. The objective of this research is feature extraction of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using this system. To do so, we compared the results of dual task tests for three participant groups: elderly people with suspected MCI, healthy elderly people, and healthy young people. The analyses were based on the amount of time required for drawing each section and the drawing velocity. The results indicate a significant difference between the MCI elders and the other two groups regarding the amount of time required for drawing the section close to the center of the spiral if the difficulty of the test’s sub-task is adjusted.
Global Thresholding for Scene Understanding Towards Autonomous Drone Navigation
Authors: Lee Alvin Wai Chung ,   Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia, Yong Suet-Peng , Watada Junzo
Published: September 2019

Unmanned aerial vehicles, more typically known as drones are flying aircrafts that do not have a pilot onboard. For drones to fly through an area without GPS signals, developing scene understanding algorithms to assist in autonomous navigation will be useful. In this paper, various thresholding algorithms are evaluated to enhance scene understanding in addition to object detection. Based on the results obtained, Gaussian filter global thresholding can segment regions of interest in the scene effectively and provide the least cost of processing time.
Political Accommodations in Multipayer Health Care Systems: Implications for the United States
Authors: Tuohy Carolyn Hughes
Published: September 2019

Current interest in a single-payer approach to universal health care coverage in the United States has also triggered interest in alternative multipayer approaches to the same goal.

An analysis of experiences in Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Israel shows how the founding of each system required a distinctive political settlement and how the subsequent timing, content, and course of the reforms were shaped by political circumstances and adjustments to the founding bargain in each nation.

Although none of these systems is directly transferable to the United States, certain parallels with the American context suggest that a multipayer approach might offer a model for universal coverage that is more politically feasible than a single-payer scheme but also that issues associated with risk selection and other potential inequities would remain.
Lessons From the Long and Winding Road to Medicare for All
Authors: Oberlander Jonathan
Published: September 2019

Recently there has been a surge in political attention to Medicare for all, the latest chapter in a long history of conflict over national health insurance in the United States. This essay places the current Medicare for all debate in historical perspective.

My aim is to illuminate past struggles over single-payer reform, explore the genesis and evolution of Medicare, and analyze the implications for contemporary health politics of the public and private insurance arrangements developed by the United States over the past century.

The history of US health reform provides critical lessons for understanding the enduring appeal of single-payer models as well as the formidable political obstacles to transforming Medicare for all from an aspiration into a legislative reality.
Genome-wide characterization and evolutionary analysis of heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) to reveal their potential role under abiotic stresses in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
Authors: Tang Mingjia , Xu Liang , Wang Yan , Cheng Wanwan , Luo Xiaobo , Xie Yang , Fan Lianxue , Liu Liwang
Published: September 2019

Background Abiotic stresses due to climate change pose a great threat to crop production. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are vital regulators that play key roles in protecting plants against various abiotic stresses. Therefore, the identification and characterization of HSFs is imperative to dissect the mechanism responsible for plant stress responses. Although the HSF gene family has been extensively studied in several plant species, its characterization, evolutionary history and expression patterns in the radish (Raphanus sativus L.) remain limited. Results In this study, 33 RsHSF genes were obtained from the radish genome, which were classified into three main groups and 12 subgroups based on HSF protein domain structure. Chromosomal localization analysis revealed that 28 of 33 RsHSF genes were located on nine chromosomes, and 10 duplicated RsHSF genes were grouped into eight gene pairs by whole genome duplication (WGD). Moreover, there were 23 or 9 pairs of orthologous HSFs were identified between radish and Arabidopsis or rice, respectively. Comparative analysis revealed a close relationship among radish, Chinese cabbage and Arabidopsis. RNA-seq data showed that eight RsHSF genes, including RsHSF-03, were highly expressed in the leaf, root, cortex, cambium and xylem, results that these genes might be involved in plant growth and development. Further, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) indicated that the expression patterns of 12 RsHSF genes varied upon exposure to different abiotic stresses, including heat, salt, and heavy metals. This data indicated that the RsHSFs may be involved in abiotic stress response. Conclusions These results could provide fundamental insights into the characteristics and evolution of the HSF family and facilitate further dissection of the molecular mechanism responsible for radish abiotic stress responses.
Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross sectional study
Authors: Gebremeskel Gebreamlak Gebremedhn , Berhe Kalayou Kidanu , Belay Desta Siyoum , Kidanu Berihu Hailu , Negash Assefa Iyasu , Gebreslasse Kfle Tekulu , Tadesse Degena Bahrey , Birhanu Mulugeta Molla
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective : The objective of this study was to assess magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital. A hospital based cross sectional study design was used. Binary logistic regression model was used.
Result : A total of 419 respondents (208 males and 211 females) were enrolled; the mean age was 56.39 (SD 10.18), 51.1% of the respondents had metabolic syndrome according to international diabetes federation. Sex and age were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) = 1.93(1.057, 3.533) and 1.04 (1.012, 1.072)] respectively. Regular physical exercise, overweight and obesity were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) =1.84 (1.002, 3.362), 2.68 (1.518, 4.747) and 3.55 (1.254, 10.074)] respectively. To conclude, Magnitude of metabolic syndrome was high. The associated factors for metabolic syndrome are physical inactivity, inadequate intake of fruits, family history, overweight, and obesity.
Key words : Ethiopia, Associated Factors, Magnitude, Metabolic syndrome
A Complex Teamwork Intervention in a Surgical Ward in Norway
Authors: Aaberg Oddveig Reiersdal , Hall-Lord Marie Louise , Husebø Sissel Iren Eikeland , Ballangrud Randi
Published: September 2019

Objectives: Interprofessional team training has a positive impact on team behavior and patient safety culture. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of an interprofessional teamwork intervention in a surgical ward on structure, process and outcome. In this paper, the implementation of the teamwork intervention is reported to expand the understanding of the future evaluation results of this study. Results: The evidence-based Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS) program in the ward was implemented in three phases according to the program’s implementation plan, which are built on Kotter’s organizational change model. In the first phase, a project group with the leaders and researchers was established and information about the project was given to all health care personnel in the ward. The second phase comprised six hours interprofessional team training for all frontline health care personnel followed by 12 months implementation of TeamSTEPPS tools and strategies. In the third phase, the implementation of the tools and strategies continued, and refresher training was conducted. Trial registration: Trial registration number (TRN) is ISRCTN13997367. The study was registered retrospectively with registration date May 30, 2017. Keywords: Implementation, Inter-professional, Intervention, Patient safety, Surgical ward, Team training, TeamSTEPPS
Immigration, acculturation, and preferred help-seeking sources for depression. Comparison of five ethnic groups
Authors: Markova Valeria , Sandal Gro Mjeldheim , Pallesen Ståle
Published: September 2019

Background : Immigrants are more likely than the majority population to have unmet needs for public mental health services. This study aims to understand potential ethnic differences in preferred help-seeking sources for depression in Norway, and how such preferences relate to acculturation orientation. Methods: A survey was administered to immigrants from Russia (n=164), Poland (n=127), Pakistan (n=128), and Somalia (n=114), and to Norwegian students (n=248). The survey consisted of a vignette describing a moderately depressed person. Respondents were asked to provide advice to the person by completing a modified version of the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire. The immigrant sample also responded to questions about acculturation orientation using the Vancouver Acculturation Scale. Results: Significant differences were found in endorsement of traditional (e.g., religious leader), informal (e.g., family), and semiformal (e.g., internet forum) help-sources between immigrant groups, and between immigrant groups and the Norwegian respondent group. Immigrants from Pakistan and Somalia endorsed traditional help sources to a greater extent than immigrants from Russia and Poland, and the Norwegian student sample. There were no ethnic differences in endorsement of formal mental help sources (e.g., a medical doctor). Maintenance of the culture of origin as the acculturation orientation was associated with preferences for traditional and informal help sources, while adoption of mainstream culture was associated with semiformal and formal help-seeking sources. Conclusion: Ethnic differences in help-seeking sources need to be considered when designing and implementing mental health services.