bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of LuTan-1 SAR Data in Railway Subsidence Monitoring
Authors: Li Wenhao , Li Tao , Zhou Xiaoqing , Liu Xian
Published: May 2024

Abstract. InSAR technology is currently a crucial tool for large-scale surface deformation monitoring, particularly excelling in regional subsidence monitoring. In this study, focusing on the Jinan section of the Shandong railway, newly launched LUTAN-1 satellite SAR data was employed. DInSAR and Stacking techniques were applied to analyze the subsidence in response to the long-term operation load of high-speed trains and surrounding human activities. Through the analysis of data from June 2023 to December 2023, regional subsidence was identified in this section, with a subsidence rate reaching 8 cm/year. Comparative analysis between DInSAR technology monitoring results and precise leveling monitoring results showed consistency in the subsidence deformation trend in the region, achieving centimeter-level deformation monitoring in the study area.The LuTan-1 satellite provided robust SAR data support for railway subsidence monitoring, offering substantial reliability and accuracy to deepen the understanding of railway subsidence issues. These research findings hold significant practical implications for adopting timely maintenance and repair measures, ensuring the safety and reliable operation of the railway system.
Land Surface Temperature Retrieval From GF5-01A Based on Split- Window Algorithm
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Yongxin , Wang Guanghui
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Land Surface temperature (LST) is a core parameter in the energy exchange between the surface and the atmosphere, and the use of thermal infrared remote sensing can realize the wide-range, fast, and accurate acquisition of surface temperature. GF5-01A is an important part and the final satellite of the major special project on high-resolution Earth observation system which is equipped with a wide-area thermal infrared imager with a resolution of 100 meters and a width of 1,500 kilometers. In this paper, based on the GF5-01A WTI spectral response function, combined with the TIGR2000 atmospheric profiles data and the ASTER spectral library, the data simulation was carried out by using the atmospheric radiative transfer model MODTRAN 5.2, and then constructed the split-window algorithm. Then, the method proposed in this paper was validated and evaluated using Landsat 8/9 temperature products and measured surface temperature data from SURFRAD sites acquired on the same day. The results show that the RMSE between the GF5-01A retrieved LST and the Landsat8/9 retrieved LST is between 1.27–2.24K, and the Bias is between −2.08–1.12K. The RMSE is between 0.68–2.64K and the bias is between −0.68–1.49K compared to the measured surface temperature. The split-window algorithm of GF5-01A proposed in this paper can meet the requirements of thermal infrared remote sensing monitoring and has enormous potential and value.
Critical Examination of 3D Building Modelling through UAV Frame and Video Imaging
Authors: Rezvan Hassan , Rezagholi Elham , Varshosaz Masood
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Data capture in UAV photogrammetry is carried out using two main methodologies: frame frame-based and video video-based. Frame Frame-based data gathering is the preferred method among UAV projects because to its inherent reliability in calibration. Nonetheless, circumstances involving moving objects or occlusions inside the measured region may produce unsatisfactory results utilizing this method. I In response to these challenges, video video-based data collecting appears as a potential option, capable of creating a series of successive images that together alleviate the constraints outlined above. In this study we aim to compare the usefulness of frame and video images in building 3D models, using both oblique and vertical image orientations. Rigorous evaluations produced many outputs, including dense point clouds, digital surface models (DSM), meshes, and orthophotographs. The evaluation criteria included da ta acquisition velocity, processing efficiency, calibration precision, distortion analysis, residual plots, scale correctness, and reprojection error. The empirical results demonstrated the advantages of video video-frame captures in improving the quality of the resulting 3D models. Notably, the use of video frames resulted in a significant reduction in reprojection error by 16%, calibration residuals by 36%, distortions by up to 51%, and processing time by 27%. Thus, it seems that integrating video frames improves data gathering accuracy and speeds up processing, replacing standard frame images with video counterparts for increased efficacy.
Semi-supervised PolSAR Image Change Detection using Similarity Matching
Authors: Wang Lei , Peng Lingmu , Hong Hanyu , Zhao Shuwei , Lv Qiwen , Gui Rong
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The lack of precisely labeled data limits the development of supervised polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image change detection. Therefore, semi-supervised deep learning methods have recently demonstrated their significant capability for PolSAR image change detection. Similarity Matching (SimMatch) improves the performance of semi-supervised learning tasks across different benchmark datasets and different settings. Introducing SimMatch into the field of PolSAR image change detection can improve the performance of semi-supervised PolSAR image change detection under limited labeled data conditions. Usually, semi-supervision solves the problem of insufficient labeled data by generating pseudo-labels. However, when the pseudo-label method is simply applied, the model will fit on the confident but wrong pseudo-labels, resulting in poor performance. SimMatch offers a solution by requiring the strongly augmented view to share the same semantic similarity (i.e. label prediction) and instance characteristics (i.e. similarity between instances) with a weak augmented view for more intrinsic feature matching. Besides, by using a labeled memory buffer, the two similarities can be isomorphically transformed with each other by introducing the aggregating and unfolding techniques. Therefore, the semantic and instance pseudo-labels can be mutually propagated, and then, the detection performance of the PolSAR image change detection is improved. Experimental results on real PolSAR datasets demonstrated that SimMatch is an effective semi-supervised PolSAR change detection method and its performance surpasses some well-known change detection methods. Compared to the fully-supervised algorithm CWNN, the semi-supervised SimMatch algorithm can improve accuracy by up to 14.4%.
Structured Generation Method of 3D Synthetic Tree Models for Precision Assessment
Authors: Ao Zhuoyu , Wang Weixi , Li Yaoyu , Huang Hongsheng , Li Xiaoming , Guo Renzhong , Tang Shengjun
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The technology for 3D reconstruction of tree models based on point clouds has been extensively researched, necessitating effective datasets for the study of branch and leaf separation, skeleton point extraction, and tree parameter extraction methods. However, existing datasets for 3D tree models face several challenges, including insufficient data volume for deep learning network training, low accuracy of model ground truth impeding effective method precision evaluation, and a lack of dataset richness to satisfy the needs of multi-type method assessments. In response to these challenges, This paper introduces, for the first time, a fully automated method for generating structured three-dimensional synthetic tree models, and constructs a large-scale 3D synthetic tree dataset enriched with comprehensive structural information. This method facilitates automated computation across several processes, including the mass generation of simulated trees, separation of branches and leaves, noise generation, extraction of skeleton points, and volume calculation. To validate the usability of this dataset across various applications, this paper employs state-of-the-art (SoTA) algorithms to verify the accuracy of methods in 3D tree model reconstruction and carbon stock calculation, thereby thoroughly demonstrating the dataset’s effectiveness.
Soybean seedling detection and counting from UAV images based on an improved YOLOv8 Network
Authors: Wu Haotian , Kang Junhua , Li Heli
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The utilization of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for soybean seedling detection is an effective way to estimate soybean yield, which plays a crucial role in agricultural planning and decision-making. However, the soybean seedlings objects in the UAV image are small, in clusters, and occluded each other, which makes it very challenging to achieve accurate object detection and counting. To address these issues, we optimize the YOLOv8 model and propose a GAS-YOLOv8 network, aiming to enhance the detection accuracy for the task of soybean seedling detection based on UAV images. Firstly, a global attention mechanism (GAM) is incorporated into the neck module of YOLOv8, which reallocates weights and prioritizes global information to more effectively extract soybean seedling features. Secondly, the CIOU loss function is replaced with the SIOU loss, which includes an angle loss term to guide the regression of bounding boxes. Experimental results show that, on the soybean seedling dataset, the proposed GAS-YOLOv8 model achieves a 1.3% improvement in mAP@0.5 and a 6% enhancement in detection performance in dense seedling areas, when compared to the baseline model YOLOv8s.When compared to other object detection models (YOLOv5, Faster R-CNN, etc.), the GAS-YOLOv8 model similarly achieved the best detection performance. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the GAS-YOLOv8 in detecting dense soybean seedlings, providing more accurate theoretical support for subsequent yield estimation.
Positioning Improvement for Spaceborne Laser Footprint Based on Precisely Terrain Data
Authors: Xu Chaopeng , Xie Junfeng , Yang Xiaomeng , Lv Xin
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Spaceborne laser altimetry represents a novel active remote sensing technology applicable to earth observation, which together with imaging spectroscopy and synthetic aperture radar as a core technology for data acquisition in the earth observation systems. However, the accuracy of horizontal positioning for laser footprints from spaceborne laser altimeters declines due to various factors such as the changes in the orbital environment and the deterioration of performance. Moreover, the limited frequency of in-orbit calibration of the spaceborne laser altimeters and the non-disclosure of calibration parameters mean that users are heavily reliant on positioning accuracy of the altimetry data provided. To address this issue, a new algorithm is proposed in this study for enhancing the accuracy of horizontal positioning for laser footprints in the absence of satellite altimeter pointing and ranging parameters. In this algorithm, high-resolution DSM is taken as the reference terrain data to take advantage of the higher precision in elevation over horizontal positioning of the laser footprints. By adjusting the horizontal position of the laser footprint within a small area, the algorithm achieves the optimal alignment of laser elevation data with the reference terrain. Then, the resulting shift in the horizontal position of the laser footprints is referenced to correct their horizontal positioning during that period. Based on the high-accuracy DSM data collected from the Xinjiang autonomous region in China and the data collected by the GF-7 satellite, simulation experiments are performed in this study to analyze and validate the proposed algorithm. According to the experimental results, the horizontal accuracy of the laser footprints improves significantly from 12.56 m to 3.11 m after optimization by the proposed method. With the elimination of 9.45 m horizontal error, accuracy is improved by 75.23%. This method is demonstrated as effective in further optimizing the horizontal position of laser altimetry data products in the absence of altimeter parameters and original data, which promotes the application of spaceborne laser data.
Application of the teaching–learning-based optimization algorithm to an analytical model of thunderstorm outflows to analyze the variability of the downburst kinematic and geometric parameters
Authors: Xhelaj Andi , Burlando Massimiliano
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Downbursts winds, characterized by strong, localized downdrafts and subsequent horizontal straight-line winds, present a significant risk to civil structures. The transient nature and limited spatial extent present measurement challenges, necessitating analytical models for an accurate understanding and predicting their action on structures. This study analyzes the Sânnicolau Mare downburst event in Romania, on 25 June 2021, using a bi-dimensional analytical model coupled with the teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm. The intent is to understand the distinct solutions generated by the optimization algorithm and assess their physical validity. Supporting this examination are a damage survey and wind speed data recorded during the downburst event. Employed techniques include agglomerative hierarchical K-means clustering (AHK-MC) and principal component analysis (PCA) to categorize and interpret the solutions. Three main clusters emerge, each displaying different storm characteristics. Comparing the simulated maximum velocity with hail damage trajectories indicates that the optimal solution offers the best overlap, affirming its effectiveness in reconstructing downburst wind fields. However, these findings are specific to the Sânnicolau Mare event, underlining the need for a similar examination of multiple downburst events for broader validity.
أحكام الحضانة في ضوء مقاصد الشّريعة وإنصاف المرأة فيها
Authors:   وزارة التّربية والتّعليم، فلسطين, سلايمة إسراء , التّرتوري حسين ,   عميد كلية الشّريعة سابقًا، جامعة الخليل، فلسطين
Published: May 2024

تناولت هذه الدّراسة موضوع أحكام الحضانة في ضوء مقاصد الشّريعة وإنصاف المرأة فيها، حيث تمَّ تعريف الحضانة وبيان مشروعيتها وكونها حقًّا أم واجبًّا. ومن أهم نتائجه أنّ الحضانة حقٌ يتجاذبه طرفان، الحاضن من جهة والمحضون من جهة أخرى، فهي حقٌّ مشتركٌ بين الحاضن والمحضون، وبيَّن البحث حرص الشّارع على مصلحة المحضون ومراعاة الحاضن، وبالذّات الأم. وتناولت الدّراسة المقصد التّشريعيّ من الحضانة مع التّمثيل على ذلك من خلال أحكامها، ومن أهم نتائجه أنّ الحضانة شُرِّعت لحفظ الولد وتحقيق مصالحه ودفع الأذى والضّرر عنه، فأحكامها جاءت للنّظر في مصلحة الولد بالدّرجة الأولى، فما كان فيه مصلحة للولد أُثبت، وما لا مصلحة فيه له استُبعد، وهذا ما راعاه الفقهاء عند إقرارهم لأحكام الحضانة. كما تناولت الدّراسة الأمور والأحكام المتعلقة بالحضانة التي أنصف فيها الإسلام المرأة من خلالها، ومن أهم نتائجه أنّ الإسلام أنصف المرأة وأبرز ذلك من خلال تشريع الحضانة، ويظهر ذلك من خلال العديد من الأحكام، منها: تقديم النّساء على الرّجال في استحقاق الحضانة، وأساس التّقديم من بين مستحقّي الحضانة هو مَن تتحقق بحضانته مصلحة المحضون من الرّعاية والشّفقة، فقدّم الفقهاء الأم على غيرها، ولم يجعل الشّارع للأب سلطة استبعاد الأم إلّا بحكم قضائي يقتنع القاضي فيه، كما أوجب الإسلام أجرة الحضانة للنّساء على والد المحضون، يظهر من ذلك أنّ الإسلام حفظ للمرأة حقوقها، وحماها من الظّلم والجور، ومنع الإضرار بها، فيبطل بذلك ما يدّعيه غير المسلمين من أنّ الإسلام ظلم المرأة ولم ينصفها.
دور معلمات الظل في المدارس الدامجة لأصحاب الهمم بمتابعة الطلاب من فئة اضطراب طيف التوحد من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور
Authors:   ماجستير علم الاجتماع مسار الإرشاد الأسري، جامعة الشارقة، الإمارات العربية المتحدة, الصرايرة فاطمة
Published: May 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى فحص دور معلمات الظل في المدارس الدامجة لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، وتتبعهم من طيف التوحد من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور، بالإضافة إلى تقدير رضاهم عن جودة الخدمة التي تقدمها هذه المعلمات. كما هدفت الدراسة أيضًا إلى كشف الفروق في استجابات أولياء الأمور تبعًا للمستوى التعليمي. لتحقيق هذه الأهداف، تم توزيع استبيانات على عينة من أولياء أمور الأطفال من فئة اضطراب طيف التوحد في الإمارات العربية المتحدة بلغت 41 فرد، واعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المقارن. أظهرت الدراسة نتائج هامة حول دور معلمات الظل في المدارس الدامجة لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، حيث أبدى أولياء الأمور ارتياحًا كبيرًا ورضاً تامًا بنسبة 86% عن الخدمة التي تقدمها هذه المعلمات. ومن بين الأدوار التي تم تقييمها، تم التأكيد بنسبة 85% على أهمية التواصل والتفاعل الإيجابي والثقة العالية التي يحظى بها معلمات الظل من قبل الأمهات. كما لم يلاحظ وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في متوسط استجابات أولياء الأمور تجاه دور معلمات الظل، بالتبعية لمستوى التعليم. تعكس هذه النتائج الأهمية الكبيرة لدور معلمات الظل في تحسين جودة حياة الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد ودعمهم في البيئة المدرسية. الثقة العالية التي يتمتع بها معلمات الظل من قبل الأمهات تعكس الأثر الإيجابي الذي يمكن أن يحققه هؤلاء المعلمات في تحقيق التقدم والتفاعل الإيجابي مع الأطفال.
أثر التمكين الإداري على ترشيد القرار في المنظمات الحكومية (دراسة تطبيقية على وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان)
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد الإدارة العامة، قسم البرامج الأكاديمية، الكلية الحديثة للتجارة والعلوم، سلطنة عُمان, شلبي كريمة , الشيادي لقمان ,   ماجستير في الإدارة العامة، سلطنة عٌمان
Published: May 2024

تناولت الدراسة أثر التمكين الإداري على ترشيد القرار في المنظمات الحكومية: دراسة تطبيقية على وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان وسعت إلى تحقيق مجموعة من الأهداف تمثلت في التعرف على دور التمكين الإداري في ترشيد اتخاذ القرارات في وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان، والوقوف على التحديات والصعوبات التي تواجه وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان عند تطبيق التمكين الإداري. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم صياغة تساؤل رئيس للدراسة انبثق عنه تساؤل فرعي لمعرفة مدى أثر التمكين الإداري في ترشيد اتخاذ القرارات في وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان، وكانت أهم نتائج الدراسة التي تم التوصل إليها أن المتوسط الحسابي العام لأبعاد ترشيد القرار لدى العاملين بوزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان بلغ (3.56) درجة من أصل (5) وهو متوسط يشير إلى توافر أبعاد ترشيد القرار لدى العاملين بوزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان بدرجة مرتفعة حيث بلغت نسبة التوافر 71.2%. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى عدد من التوصيات أبرزها: أن العاملين بوزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية بسلطنة عمان الذين تم تمكينهم أصبحوا يمتلكون مهارات وإمكانيات أكبر في مستويات التعامل مع متطلبات الوظيفة ولديهم القدرة على توظيف المعلومات والموارد على المستوى الفردي بشكل متميز، ويتوجب على المنظمة لكي تنجح جهود التمكين بها إدراج نظام تقدير ومكافأة العاملين ضمن سياسة المنظمة ويكون مرتبطاً بأهدافها المستقبلية
دور خدمة الجماعة في التخفيف من الضغوطات التي تواجه الأخصائيين العاملين في مؤسسات رعاية ذوي الإعاقة
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد في كلية التنمية الاجتماعية والأسرية، جامعة القدس المفتوحة، فلسطين, شبيطـة زردة , عبد الرازق كوثر ,   محاضر جامعي في كلية التنمية الاجتماعية والأسرية، جامعة القدس المفتوحة، فلسطين
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور خدمة الجماعة في التخفيف من الضغوطات التي تواجه الأخصائيين العاملين في مؤسسات رعاية ذوي الإعاقة في ضوء المتغيرات (الجنس، العمر، مكان السكن، سنوات الخبرة، الدورات التدريبية في مجال الإعاقة)، واستخدمت الباحثتان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي على عينة من 40 أخصائي يعملون في مؤسسات رعاية ذوي الإعاقة بمدينة قلقيلية، وأعدت الباحثتان استبيان لقياس الضغوطات التي تواجه الأخصائيين العاملين مؤسسات رعاية ذوي الإعاقة ووضع أساليب واستراتيجيات مهنية من منظور خدمة الجماعة للتخفيف من الضغوطات التي تواجه الأخصائيين العاملين في مؤسسات رعاية ذوي الإعاقة مما يجعلهم أكثر فعالية وكفاءة في ممارسة العمل المهني وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن هناك العديد من الضغوط النفسية التي يعاني منها العاملين في مؤسسات رعاية ذوي الإعاقة تمثلت في عدم السيطرة على المشاعر في المواقف الصعبة التي تواجه الأخصائي أثناء عمله. كما تم عرض بعض التوصيات في الدراسة أبرزها: وتبادل الخبرات بين الأخصائيين العاملين في مؤسسات الإعاقة في محافظة نابلس ومحافظات أخرى، وأيضا بين الأخصائيين في مؤسسات حكومية وأخصائيين في مؤسسات شبه حكومية وأهلية، وتوفير عدد مناسب من الأخصائيين المدربين المؤهلين للتعامل مع ذوي الإعاقة، وذلك من أجل تخفيف أعباء العمل التي يتحملها العاملون في تلك المؤسسات وكذلك تطوير النمو المهني للأخصائيين، والاستفادة من تجارب الناجحة للمؤسسات الاجتماعية العاملة في هذا المضمار.
استراتيجيات التسويق الرقمي المستخدمة في الترويج للوجهات السياحية في المملكة العربية السعودية (دراسة ميدانية)
Authors:   ماجستير التسويق الرقمي، كلية الإعلام والتسويق، جامعة ميدأوشن، الإمارات العربية المتحدة, الكاف أروى , باشميل الاء ,   ماجستير التسويق الرقمي، كلية الإعلام والتسويق، جامعة ميدأوشن، الإمارات العربية المتحدة, شطا فراس ,   ماجستير التسويق الرقمي، كلية الإعلام والتسويق، جامعة ميدأوشن، الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة أهم استراتيجيات التسويق الرقمي المستخدمة في الترويج للوجهات السياحية في المملكة العربية السعودية وإلى أي مدى تأثرت السياحة بالتسويق الرقمي المتبع. واعتمدت على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تكون مجتمع الدراسة الحالية من عينة عشوائية تستهدف أخصائي التسويق في مجال السياحة في المملكة العربية السعودية وبلغ عدد أفراد العينة 60 فرداً، واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات المتعلقة بالدراسة، وبعد إجراء التحليل الإحصائي اللازم، توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة النتائج أهمها: إن استخدام استراتيجيات التسويق الرقمي للسياحة الثقافية والتراثية في المملكة يسهم في تعزيز صورة المملكة ومكانتها على المستوى الإقليمي والدولي، وأن استخدام أدوات تحليل البيانات لفهم تأثير حملات التسويق على قرارات السياح واختيار وجهتهم عبر قياس النتائج يعتبر أمرًا هامًا، وأكدت الدراسة أهمية بناء علاقات قوية مع أصحاب المصلحة من مؤثرين وغيره ووكالات السفر والشركات السياحية. وفي ضوء هذه النتائج قدمت الباحثة عدد من التوصيات تمثلت في: مواكبة التطورات في التسويق الرقمي وتعلم مهارات جديدة واستخدام أدوات حديثة لتحسين أداء حملات التسويق، واختيـار الوسـائل التسـويقية والأدوات العالميـة التـي تتناسب مـع الشـرائح العمريـة المسـتهدفة، سـواء مـن كبـار السـن أم مـن الشـباب والعائلـة، دراسة تأثير استراتيجيات التسويق الرقمي على الوعي بالوجهات السياحية السعودية، تحديد التحديات التي يواجهها المسوقون الرقميون في الترويج للسياحة في السعودية، وتحليل تأثير القوانين واللوائح على استراتيجيات التسويق الرقمي.
Studies on Greenhouse Environment in Cold Desert Areas
Authors: Ashwani Kumar  , Dilip Kumar  , Indu Bhushan Bhagat
Published: May 2024

Energy based temperature prediction equation was developed and tested for cold desert area for clear sunny days. Linear regression equations were found suitable to predict maximum and minimum air temperature. relative humidity and evaporation in the greenhouse with correlation coefficients 97%, 98%. 95% and 97%, respectively.
Effect of System Parameters and Cutter heads on Processing of Water Hyacinth
Authors: S. M. Mathur  , Santosh Kumar Jadhav
Published: May 2024

The effect of two system parameters namely, cutter head speeds and feed rates on compression characteristics of water hyacinth viz percent reduction in volume and weight were studied. The cylindrical cutter with shear bar gave maximum volume reduction 01'
Design and Performance Evaluation of M.A.V. Dibbler
Authors: R.M. Vinchu  , S.N. Solanki  , K.S. Takalgavhankar
Published: May 2024

Cotton is one of the important cash crops in Marathwada region. The area under this crop is quite large in India as well as in Maharashtra. Area under cotton in Marathwada is one million hectare and yield is 8-9 q/ha. [n almost all the regions, the traditional methods for sowing cotton are still in practice. They have many drawbacks and limitations; therefore it was necessary to develop equipment to overcome these drawbacks of the traditional methods of cotton sowing. Present work was therefore undertaken with the objective to develop a manually operated single row cotton dibbler for cotton dibbling. The equipment was developed at the Department of Farm Machinery and Power, College of Agril. Engg., Marathwada Agricultural University (MAU), Parbhani and tested for its performance. Field efficiency of M.A.U. dibbler was about 86 %, more than that of hand dibbling method. The working of seed dropping mechanism was satisfactory and desirable depth of sowing was obtained.
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence
Authors: Shulman Skylar
Published: May 2024

Ever since the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) be-gan to take off in the 1970s, multinational corporations (MNCs) and international organizations have attempted to implement a variety of voluntary initiatives to detect and prevent human rights and environ-mental abuses within corporate supply chains. Despite these voluntary initiatives, however, human rights violations and environmental dam-age have continued to occur frequently within the supply chains of MNCs, leading to increased calls for binding, “hard law” remedies. The adoption of the United Nations’ Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) in 2011 catalyzed efforts to adopt domestic mandatory human rights due diligence (mHRDD) laws, and since 2017, a growing number of nations have passed more comprehensive human rights and environmental due diligence (HREDD) laws that recognize the connection between human rights and the environment. The most ambitious HREDD proposal thus far is the European Union’s proposed Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CS3D), which, when enacted, will impose mandatory human rights and environmental due diligence requirements on corporations that conduct business in the European Union.
This Note assesses the feasibility and desirability of adopting domes-tic HREDD legislation in the United States based on the framework provided by the EU’s proposed CS3D. The predominant reliance in the U.S. on voluntary CSR initiatives and limited disclosure regulations is insufficient to prevent human rights and environmental abuses in the supply chains of US-based MNCs. This Note argues that the proposed CS3D provides a promising model for how Congress could take strong-er action in this area. Although it would not completely prevent adverse impacts and could be initially challenging to implement because of the ambiguity surrounding its scope, comprehensive federal HREDD legislation based on the CS3D framework would be a significant step towards filling in the gaps in U.S. corporate accountability.
Prevalence of Flat Foot in Bharatanatyam Dancers
Authors: Palange Sakshi , Jerome Albin
Published: May 2024

Aim: To study the prevalence of flat foot in Student Bharatnatyam dancers.
Objectives: To evaluate foot posture in Student Bharatanatyam dancers with foot posture index.
Methodology: The study was conducted on 223 participants who are practicing Bharatanatyam from 4 month up to 7 years. A written consent was taken and procedure was explained to subjects. Participants who had history of congenital lower limb deformity and lower limb injury in last 6 months, BMI >25 i.e. overweight were excluded from selection criteria. Foot structure was assessed with the help of Foot Posture Index 6 assessment chart which gives a detailed assessment for the changes in Medial longitudinal arch.
Results: The output of the assessment of FPI-6 claimed that out of 223 samples, 46.6% samples came under Highly Pronated category, 44.4% under pronated category and 9% in normal category. The involvement of left and right foot was found similar.
Conclusion: The outcome of the assessment revealed that there are 91.47% participants Bharatanatyam dancers have Flat foot which suggest Flat foot is highly prevalent in practicing Bharatanatyam dancers.
Clinical Implications: As Flat foot is prevalent amongst Bharatanatyam Dancers, with the help of Intrinsic foot muscle training, strengthening of foot muscles and use of proper orthotic foot wear that supports the arch can be worn to prevent flat foot issue.

Key words: Flat foot, Bharatanatyam, Foot posture alignment, Functional changes, Medial longitudinal arch.
Assessment of Clinical Pharmacy Service Standards Implementation at Bhayangkara Hospital Level III in Kendari
Authors: Rahman Sartia , . Asriati , Zainuddin Asnia
Published: May 2024

One crucial component influencing the successful implementation of healthcare efforts in hospitals is the pharmaceutical system. Pharmaceutical services play a pivotal role in supporting quality healthcare, as outlined in Permenkes Number 72 of 2016, which delineates Pharmaceutical Service Standards in Hospitals. However, preliminary survey results conducted by the author indicate suboptimal implementation of these standards in 2021. Consequently, the researchers embarked on a study aimed at analyzing the implementation of pharmaceutical service standards at the Pharmacy Installation of Bhayangkara TK III Kendari Hospital. This research is scheduled to be conducted in January - February 2024. This study employed an exploratory qualitative method involving 9 informants at the pharmaceutical installation of Bhayangkara Hospital TK III Kendari. Data collection was conducted using interview guidelines, followed by transcription, introduction to interviews, coding, analysis, interpretation, and data mapping into a matrix. The implementation of health minister regulation Number 72 of 2016 regarding clinical pharmaceutical service standards at the Pharmacy Installation of Bhayangkara TK III Kendari Hospital can be summarized as follows: assessment and prescription services were carried out effectively, tracing the history of drug use was partially implemented well, drug reconciliation was partially implemented, drug information services (PIO) were partially implemented well, but some items such as counseling, visitation, monitoring drug therapy (PTO), monitoring drug side effects (MESO), evaluating drug use (EPO), dispensing sterile preparations, and monitoring drug levels in the blood (PKOD) were not implemented optimally. Overall, the implementation of pharmaceutical service standards according to health minister regulation Number 72 of 2016 at the pharmaceutical installation of Bhayangkara Hospital TK III Kendari has not been optimal.

Keywords: Pharmaceutical service standards, Health minister regulation, Pharmacist, Hospital
ENTRELAÇANDO SABERES:
Authors: Pereira Helder de Lucena , Silva Adriano Lima da , Nascimento Tatiane Maria do , Saraiva Victor Leoni Cardoso , Silva Gilberlândio Nunes da
Published: May 2024

O advento cada vez mais agressivo da industrialização e tecnologia acarretou tanto em benefícios quanto em malefícios para nossa sociedade. Se por um lado houve a possibilidade de uma comunicação e um desenvolvimento veloz em direção ao conhecimento e ao crescimento econômico das civilizações, por outro, problemas ambientais foram desencadeados. O artigo expõe que tal debate por vezes é negligenciado por instituições escolares e o ensino de ciências. As argumentações conflitantes que opõem cultura versus natureza; produção e lucro versus consumo desenfreado e o descarte têm sido tratados nas escolas por muito tempo. Entretanto, a problemática ambiental é bem mais complexa do que é abordada por parte significativa dos professores do ensino médio e fundamental. Deste modo, novas concepções, perspectivas e problematizações sobre o tema devem ser exploradas. O objeto deste trabalho é discutir a partir de uma revisão narrativa como a dinâmica homem/ambiente tem sido explorada no processo didático-pedagógico em sala de aula, mais especificamente no ensino de Química. Com tantos conceitos, por vezes abstratos, o entendimento do aluno é prejudicado caso não haja adaptações à sua realidade. Assim, é necessário que as aulas sejam ampliadas com exemplos e situações de modo que possam ilustrar o cotidiano dos estudantes, tornando a aprendizagem significativa.
Retrospective Analysis of Tuberculosis Epidemiology in Okara, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Zeeshan Ali  , Raza Ali , Talha Javed  , Habib Ullah Tahir  , Anam Tanveer  , Muhammad Sharjeel Rawal  , Sumera Sabir  , Muhammad Adeel Adil  , Momena Habib  , Virdah Ijaz  , Hafiz Muhammad Iftekhar  , Hafiza Aqeela Iftikhar
Published: May 2024

Tuberculosis, commonly called T.B., is a persistent bacterial illness attributed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (T.B.) is a prevalent infectious disease that results in millions of deaths each year, particularly in low-income countries. A retrospective study was conducted between December 1, 2022, and April 30, 2023. Sputum smear microscopy was performed on all individuals suspected of having the T.B. condition. Out of the entire pool of 711 cases under suspicion, 227 cases, which accounts for 31.93% of the total, were confirmed positive for Tuberculosis. The male population is more susceptible to T.B. infection than their female counterparts, with a distribution of 59.47% and 40.53%, respectively. The age group of 30-44 years exhibited the highest rate of pulmonary tuberculosis cases at 24.67%, whereas the age group of 60-74 years recorded the highest percentage of cases at 25.56%. Based on our research, it was determined that the incidence of Tuberculosis exhibited a statistically significant increase within the overall populace of Okara District. The objective of the present study was to examine the Prevalence of Tuberculosis (T.B.) infection and raise awareness among the population regarding T.B. infection in the Okara district of Punjab, Pakistan. Effective disease control and elimination require appropriate management, diagnosis, treatment, and public consciousness.
Isolating Indigenous Metal Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria: Assessing Their Selenite Reduction Potential
Authors: Shahdin Rabia , Batool Nayab , Shafi Afshan , Siddiqa Ayesha
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study is to isolate gram-positive bacilli from soil and to study the effects of physiological parameters on their heavy metal resistance. High levels of metals in the soil can have major toxic effects on soil microorganisms and may cause a great change in the species diversity and population sizes of soil microbes. In current study soil samples were collected from the agriculture drainage water and soil in Lahore. After the selection of sixty gram-positive strains, their biochemical and metabolic profile was structured and all were auxin producing. The isolates were resistant to multiple heavy metals including Ni. Pb, Cr, Li and Hg. Their selenite reduction was estimated at varyingpH, Temperature and concentrations of selenite and all were resistant upto 3000 ?g/ml, However, their efficacy of reducing selenite was majorly affected by set physiological parameters.
Prognostic Burden of Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Brief Report from the Real Life
Authors:   Internal Medicine II and Stroke Unit, San Giuseppe Hospital, Empoli, Italy., Masotti Luca
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Hemorrhagic Transformation (HT) represents one of the main complications of acute ischemic stroke, affecting its management and prognosis. Few data exists on prognosis of HT in the real world. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of HT in a real world cohort of patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with acute ischemic stroke consecutively admitted to our Stroke Unit. Patients with HT were compared with those without HT. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at hospital discharge and at 90 days were the study outcomes. Poor prognosis was defined as mRS≥4. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of outcomes. Results: The study population consisted of 564 patients with mean age 77.5±11.8 years. Fifty-two patients (9.2%) showed HT on brain CT. Length of hospitalization, in-hospital mortality, median mRS at discharge, percentage of patients with mRS≥4 at discharge, percentage of HT patients discharged without secondary antiplatelet or anticoagulant prophylaxis and median 90- day mRS were significantly higher in patients with HT than in those without. The presence of HT was predictive of mRS≥4 at discharge and at 90 days (AUC 0.720 and 0.776, respectively). The presence of HT was an independent predictor of poor outcome, increasing the risk by about four times both at discharge (OR 3.64, 95% 1.46-9.06) and at 90 days (OR 4.26, 95% 1.07-16.88). Conclusions: HT is associated with a poor outcome in terms of mortality and severe residual disability both in the acute phase and at 90 days.
Storia di una porpora timida e infida
Authors: Ranzetti Irene
Published: May 2024

The author describes a case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in a 4-year-old child who, before showing cutaneous signs (the classic palpable purpura on the lower limbs), developed abdominal signs (pain, vomiting and loss of appetite).
Entre lo barroco y lo oriental: visiones de la poesía española en relatos de viaje (1770–1808)
Authors: Jiménez Manuel Contreras
Published: May 2024

From the seventeenth and throughout the eighteenth century, some French and Italian authors characterized Spanish poetry by its baroque features. In the nineteenth century, foreign Romanticism tended to represent it as an eastern literature. This article will try to contextualize these characterizations, while proposing the study of travel accounts to Spain between 1770 and 1808 as a historiographical genre where the confluence of both paradigms, the neoclassical and the Romantic, is noted with both coinciding in representing Spanish literature as diverging from the classical tradition.
On the Trail of the Morning Star
Authors: Buck Dorothea
Published: May 2024

In 1936, at age nineteen, Dorothea Buck followed the trail of a star along the mudflats of her North Sea home, Wangerooge Island. Hospitalized at a Christian institution called Bethel, she was sterilized under Nazi law upon a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Buck lost her lifelong dream of becoming a teacher—the sterilized could not get a college degree. Instead, she became an artist and activist. Buck, who lived to the age of 102, fought throughout her life for psychiatric reform. She created her own form of psychiatric treatment, which she called “trialogue,” in which psychosis experiencers, family, and clinicians join together to examine the experience of psychosis. Trialogue seminars still take place today.

Buck also demanded recognition of the Nazi murders of the disabled and the mentally ill. Many of these victims were psychiatric patients gassed in chambers built into six of Germany’s asylums. In 2008, Buck told an audience commemorating these murders that there must be “no second-class victims” of Nazi rule.

Biologically based psychiatry, Buck believed, would always reduce a condition like hers to something “genetically caused, meaningless, and incurable.” Like fellow German Paul Schreber’s Memoirs, Buck’s On the Trail of the Morning Star calls for a radical rethinking of what it means to live with and in psychosis. This publication is the first time one of her major writings appears in English.
The application and benefits of forensic palynology in robbery events in Turkey
Authors: Hüsamoğlu Yusuf , Doğan Cahit
Published: May 2024

Forensic science is required to elucidate crime, and it has been carried out through various induction methods. Forensic palynology, a branch of forensic science, is used to find offenders by investigating the connection between the crime scene, evidence, and offender, solving events, proving the reliability of the victim's narratives, building up the profile of the offender, reducing the number of suspects, assisting security forces in conducting accurate investigations and detecting smuggling of drugs and other materials. Palynological evidence is known to be extremely resistant to extremely high temperatures (over 400°C), strong acids (such as HCl-HF), and fungal and bacterial activity. One of the most important reasons for using palynological evidence as evidence in court is its high resistance. Property crimes account for most judicial cases in Turkey. Burglary accounts for a significant portion of property crime. We aimed to solve various burglary events in Turkey using palynological evidence in this study. We used various methods to analyze palynological particles found in forensic samples sent to our laboratories between March 2016 and May 2017. The findings were distributed to law enforcement officers and legal experts working in courtrooms (lawyers/attorneys/judges).
Rubber tree mini clonal garden: electric conductivity of the nutritional solution in the production of propagules
Authors: Borelli Karla , Rocha José Henrique Tertulino , Silva Magali Ribeiro da , Scaloppi Junior Erivaldo José , Gonçalves Antonio Natal , Tecchio Marco Antonio
Published: May 2024

The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is an important forest species that yields natural rubber. Traditionally, rubber tree grafts are cultivated in clonal gardens on soil, which necessitates enormous acreage. However, this approach is not only inefficient in terms of productivity, but it also has nutritional and water control constraints. A tiny clonal garden with a balanced fertilizer treatment is an approach that has previously been employed for other species. To apply this same system to the rubber tree, the goal was to investigate the effects of applying macro and micronutrients via fertigation on the productivity of a mini rubber tree clonal garden, as well as to assess the efficacy of using green stems produced under these conditions in three grafting techniques. Five dosages of macro and micronutrients were administered to grafted rubber tree seedlings (clone ‘RRIM 600’ on ‘GT1’) before transplanting them into plastic pots. A totally randomized design was adopted, with five treatments and ten replications, each with two plants per pot, for a total of twenty plants per treatment. The shoot apex was cut after 105 days, and the green stems measuring more than 20 cm were harvested throughout the course of a year. The number of stems was highest in the months of January to March 2014, after 135 days, reaching 3 green stems per plant-1 per month-1, and productivity increased up to an estimated electrical conductivity of 1.64 mS cm-1. Nutrition was found to boost the output of the rubber tree clonal mini garden as well as the survival of grafts after grafting. The tiny clonal garden is a potential method for getting more vegetative rubber tree propagules.
Adopting Transitional Business Models in Small Fitness Businesses in Response to Business Disruptions
Authors: Budler Marko , Božič Katerina
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted economies and societies around the world and forced many industries to rethink their operations. While the ambiguity in global economies and adapted modes of operation have considerably affected small businesses in the fitness industry, few insights have been provided into the adjustments that enabled these businesses to remain operational. This study hence adopts a qualitative approach to explore the adjustments made by small fitness businesses based on transitional business models during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants from small fitness businesses that had encountered restrictions and limitations due to the pandemic. The findings indicate that small fitness businesses chose a trial-and-error approach while developing their business model that allowed transitional adjustments in their value propositions as they developed resilience during the disruptions. Nevertheless, existing customers’ perceptions of service quality and loyalty served as an important buffer for ensuring customer retention.
A Quantitative Analysis of Hard and Soft Academic Fields to Determine Cross Disciplinary Differences
Authors: E. Davis Dong Diane
Published: May 2024

Disciplinary differences between academic fields refer to those differences in teaching approaches, course design, and instructional tools but often considered “hard” sciences like physics and engineering, and “soft” sciences such as social sciences and humanities. This study seeks to explore these differences through a quantitative analysis of how course design and teaching tools differ across hard and soft academic disciplines. The research employs a survey-based approach to obtaining data from 240 academics from a number of institutions and disciplines. Statistical tests such as t-tests and regression analysis were used to identity and test the difference between the disciplines. The results found that instructors of hard sciences favor the delivery of structured content, emphasize technical skills, standardized assessments, and the use of digital simulation tools. On the other hand, soft sciences integrate collaborative projects, discussion based learning, and experiential methods like case studies for the most part. The findings also showed a significant variation in how technology gets adopted; where hard fields prefer software and digital tools that help with precise measurements and quantitative data analysis, while soft fields tend to prefer platforms that allow for discussion and qualitative analysis.
Estructura gráfica descriptiva de circuitos turísticos en Playa Gigante y Playa Amarillo en el municipio de Tola, Rivas, Nicaragua
Authors: Martínez Guadamuz Kimberly Joseth , Tapia Lorío Emelina , Reyes Pérez Rosa María
Published: May 2024

El aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos naturales incluye diversas actividades que involucra tanto al turista como a la misma población de un determinado lugar. El objetivo de este estudio es diseñar una propuesta gráfica descriptiva de circuitos turísticos en Playa Gigante y Playa Amarillo como estrategia de promoción de estos sitios naturales y como parte del fortalecimiento del desarrollo socioeconómico y de la identidad territorial y cultural del municipio de Tola, Rivas, Nicaragua. El estudio se realizó en la comunidad Gigante (Playa Gigante) y el Tambo (Playa Amarillo) en el municipio de Tola en Rivas, Nicaragua. El trabajo se dividió en tres etapas: 1) planificación 2) recolección de información en campo y 3) procesamiento y análisis de la información. Se desarrolló un taller implementando herramientas participativas para efectuar un diagnóstico turístico de la comunidad Gigante; por medio de una evaluación ecológica rápida se registraron treinta y dos especies de flora, diecinueve especies de aves y dos de mamíferos, las cuales se clasificaron según la lista roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza, apéndices de la Convención sobre el Comercio de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestre y vedas nacionales; también se determinaron sitios naturales potenciales para el turismo, se georreferenciaron y nombraron estaciones interpretativas. Se identificaron seis categorías de sitios naturales, que son: aguas lóticas (aguas continuamente en movimiento) como quebrada y estero, costas litorales, acantilados, tierras insulares (islotes), lugar de caza y pesca y lugar de observación de flora y fauna silvestre. Se elaboraron dos mapas ilustrativos con sus estaciones, determinándose tiempo y distancia total de las rutas y posibles actividades interpretativas para cada estación, como material interpretativo se diseñaron cincuenta y una fichas descriptivas de las especies de flora y fauna silvestres, que sirvieron de insumo para crear un catálogo del lugar.