bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Phenomenological Study of the Traditional Market as a Tourist Destination: A Focus on the Perceptions Experienced by the Traditional Market Owners
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Jung Young-Ra , Lee Jae-Sub
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to derive various strategies to revitalize traditional markets experienced by the owners of traditional markets, and to derive the meaning of strategic approaches as tourism destinations for revitalization of traditional markets. Phenomenological research method was applied in the analysis. The results were grouped with the number of 197 semantic units, 24 modified semantic units, nine sub-themes, and four major themes. The major themes include ‘Differences in the perspectives of traditional market owners on the tourism destination', 'Differences in perspectives among traditional market owners on government support policies', 'The dilemma of revitalizing the traditional market and becoming a tourist destination through the establishment of the Youth Mall', 'Making the traditional market a tourist destination through linkage with various tourism resources'. Most of the owners in the traditional market agree on making the traditional market a tourist destination. However, there is no concrete action plan that has been proposed. Therefore, the government needs to look into the feasibility and provide assistance. The findings of our study contributed to the theoretical expansion in regards to tourist destinations. The practical implication includes verifying that the traditional market can be developed as a tourism resource.
A Phenomenological Perspective on the Leisure Experience of the Deaf
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Bo-Mi
Published: March 2021

This study seeks to elucidate the nature of the leisure experience, by describing that of the deaf from a phenomenological perspective. Intentionality was a key element in Husserl’s thinking, which refers to the notion that human consciousness is always directed towards someone or something and intends to connect an object to a subject. The phenomenological perspective has highlighted the role of the body with respect to subjectivity. When we experience pain or illness, bodily dys-appearance is brought to our attention and the body becomes the object of our intentionality. The leisure experience of the deaf potentially involves a high level of conscious awareness of the body as an object of intentionality. The data were gathered from focus group interviews and in-depth individual interviews with nine deaf persons and three sign language interpreters. The results of intentionality analysis revealed that the leisure experience of the deaf is essentially oriented towards a meaningful connectedness with others and the world through the body, which is directly related to three emergent themes: (a) from object to subject, (b) embodied consciousness and (c) body-subject freedom. The result of this study, suggested that freedom is not a fixed emotion or ideal experience but something lived through in the experience of leisure. The findings also reveal that the experience of leisure can make meaningful connectedness with others and the world through the embodied consciousness.
In Search for a New Russian Identity: Media-Geographical Studies of the Mental Landscape
Authors: Nickolaichuk Igor , Yakova Tamara , Yanglyaeva Marina
Published: March 2021

The authors demonstrate the opportunities that mediageography provides for tracking socio-political processes, and, via rank analysis, present a new approach to studying the issue of a new Russian identity. The topicality of the research is explained by the fact that, in the context of the emergence of wider forms of international cooperation, global interest to the problems of cultivation of national identity is growing and is currently the mainstream of ethnological and sociological studies. An analysis of popularity of various morphological sculptures in Russian mental landscape is based on Internet statistics and evaluation of these structures as static objects by two parameters — popularity and consensual perception. The article also examines multimedia projects and big data of Google and Yandex that help to determine the degree of Internet users’ interest to various morpho-sculptures (personality, event, object) as accurately as possible. An analysis of the contemporary Russian mental landscape is done by media-geographic categories put into a space-time frame of axis, and shows the degree of consensus by Russian residents and its fluctuation by RF constituent territories and other geographic areas. The study takes into account mass media’s attention, as well as Internet users’ interest, to personalities that represent various clusters, namely, politicians, culture luminaries, the military, etc. The results are interpreted in relation to geographic aeolotropism of morpho-sculptures’ popularity. The authors infer that commemoration practices aimed at uniting the nation should be based on large-scale interdisciplinary studies of the audience and on a systemic scientific approach to interpretation of the results.
Epidemic as History: Interplay of Structure and Agency in Narratives of the Black Death in Contemporary Textbooks for Russian Language Schools
Authors: Fabrykant Marharyta
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of narratives of the Вlack Death (the epidemic of plague that struck Western Europe in the mid-1300s) in six contemporary history textbooks in the Russian language published in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. Structural narrative analysis provides an answer to the research question about the interplay of external circumstances (structure) and individual choices (agency) in depicting the causes of the Black Death, its course of events, and attribution of its developments and consequences. Findings demonstrate that structure prevails over agency. The textbooks offer no behavioral patterns to internalize and implicitly conceptualize behavior in an epidemic as a mass phenomenon, not as a product of many individual choices. This perception of agency blatantly contradicts the two prerequisites for an effective epidemic response elaborated during the COVID-19 pandemic: quality of governance and population’s willingness to comply with authorities’ recommendations in spite of the growing circulation of false information. The Black Death is presented in textbooks as an inevitable attribute of the Middle Ages — the “era of calamities”. Hence, an epidemic in any other historical period appears an omen of “bad times” coming, which is likely to create expectations of new unavoidable disasters and foster catastrophic perceptions of the already existing problems. To shift this approach to history as “life’s teacher”, intrinsic to didactic pedagogy, two methods are suggested: explicit comparison with epidemics from other historical periods (not only the present) and counterfactual thinking to create alternative scenarios with regard to general patterns of human behavior and the characteristics of the Medieval Period.
Educational Inequality and COVID‑19 Pandemic: Relationship between the Family Socio-Economic Status and Student Experience of Remote Learning
Authors: Bekova Saule , Terentev Evgeniy , Maloshonok Natalia
Published: March 2021

The urgent transition to distance education in March 2020 revitalized the debate on the influence of a new educational reality on the educational inequality. A study was performed to measure the relationship between the difficulties experienced by students during distance learning and their socioeconomic status. Data from a nationwide survey of students administered in late March — early April 2020 by a team of researchers from a few Russian universities was used as empirical basis of this study. Results demonstrate significant differences in obstacles faced by students from families with different levels of income. Students from low-income families were the most likely to have technical and self-regulation problems and to lack skills required for effective distance learning. Findings indicate the importance of finding system-level solutions to ensure equal opportunities for students in distance learning, regardless of their socioeconomic status.
Şaşırtmanın Toros sedirinde fidan morfoloji ve kalitesine etkisi
Authors: ESER Yunus
Published: March 2021

Isparta-Eğirdir Orman Fidanlığında yetiştirilen iki yaşlı şaşırtılmış (1+1) tüplü ve şaşırtılmamış (2+0) çıplak köklü Toros sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) fidanları üzerinde gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, şaşırtmanın fidan morfoloji ve kalitesine olan etkisinin, fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı bağlamında belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; şaşırtılmış fidanlar şaşırtılmamış fidanlara göre, boy için yaklaşık %16 (17.51 cm ve 15.09 cm), kök boğazı çapı için ise %45 (5.33 mm ve 3.67 mm) daha yüksek büyüme performansı göstermiştir. Fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı değerleri bakımından şaşırtılmış ve şaşırtılmamış fidanlar arasında anlamlı (p≤0.05) farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE) fidan kalite sınıflarına göre, şaşırtılmış ve şaşırtılmamış fidanların tamamı kök boğazı çapı bakımından kaliteli fidan sınıfında yer alırken, boy bakımından dikime elverişsiz fidan şaşırtma uygulanmamış fidanlarda %4 oranında belirlenmiştir. Uygulanan Ayırma (Diskriminant) analizi sonucunda; TSE kalite sınıflarının fidan boyu bakımından, şaşırtılmış fidanlar için %98, şaşırtılmamış fidanlar için %92 ve her iki işlem için ise %69 oranında başarılı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda, şaşırtılmış işlemlerin tamamına ait fidanlarda fidan boyu ile kök boğazı çapı arasında istatistiksel bakımdan anlamlı (p≤0.05) pozitif ilişkiler belirlenirken, şaşırtılmamış fidanlarda ise anlamlı (p>0.05) bir ilişki belirlenememiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, şaşırtma uygulamasının fidan morfoloji ve kalitesini olumlu yönde etkilediği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Farklı orijinli kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) fidanlarının morfolojik özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇERÇİOĞLU Mahmut , ÇETİNKAYA Durmuş
Published: March 2021

Çalışma, Burdur-Gölhisar orman fidanlığında yetiştirilen, Bucak (Uludere) orijinli Döşemealtı tohum bahçesi (TB19) (P2) ve Gölhisar (Evciler-Koçaş) orijinli Düzlerçamı tohum bahçesi (TB8)(P1)’nden elde edilen tohumlardan gelen kızılçam fidanları üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Farklı orijinli ve 1+0 yaşlı kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) fidanları, aynı yetişme ortamında bazı morfolojik özellikler (fidan boyu, kök boğazı çapı, en uzun kök uzunluğu, yan dal, tomurcuk, kök ve ibre sayıları) bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Varyans analizi sonuçlarına göre, popülasyonlar fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı bakımından benzerlik (p>0.05) gösterirken, kök ve tomurcuk sayısı bakımından popülasyonlar arası anlamlı (p<0.05) farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan korelasyon analizi sonucunda morfolojik özellikler bakımından genel olarak anlamlı (p<0.05) pozitif ilişkiler ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, hesaplanan gürbüzlük indisi bakımından en etkili olan faktörler sırasıyla en uzun kökün uzunluğu ve tomurcuk sayısı olarak bulunmuştur. Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE) fidan kalite sınıfları bakımından P1 popülasyonuna ait fidanların %56’sı 1. sınıf, %22’si 2. sınıf, %22’si dikime elverişsizdir. P2 popülasyonunda ise fidanların %84’ü 1. sınıf, %10’u 2. sınıf, %6’sı dikime elverişsiz olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında, Bucak (Uludere) orijinli fidanların gerek morfolojik özellikler gerekse de TSE fidan kalitesi bakımından daha yüksek değerlere sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Study of perinatal asphyxia and its outcome concerning nucleated RBC count in venous blood of term neonates
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of pediatrics, S C B Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India, Jena Dr. Pradeep Kumar , Parida Dr. Himansu ,   Resident, Department of Pediatrics, S C B Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India, Swain Dr. Banashree ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, S C B Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India, Murmu Dr. Mangal Charan ,   Associate Professor, Department of pediatrics, S C B Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a serious problem globally and is one of the common causes ofneonatal mortality. Worldwide each year four million infants suffer from birth asphyxia. Of these onemillion die and an equal number develop serious sequelae. Perinatal asphyxia ranks as the secondmost important cause of neonatal death after infections accounting for about 23% of mortalityworldwide. Aim & objective: To establish the level of nucleated red blood cells as an indicator ofpoor immediate outcome in perinatal asphyxia. Method: It was a case-control study done in thedepartment of pediatrics, S C B Medical College & S V P PG I P, Cuttack. Observation: The NRBCcount was significantly higher in neonates with adverse outcomes than in those with favourableoutcomes (p-value <0.001). NRBC count cut-off of >27/100 WBC had a sensitivity of 75% andspecificity of 95.2% in predicting adverse outcome defined as death, hemiplegia, hypertonia orsignificant hypotonia, unreliable sucking and seizures resistant to Phenobarbital. Conclusion:Nucleated red blood cell count can be used as a surrogate marker for birth asphyxia. It has asignificant negative correlation with Apgar score at one minute and Apgar score at 5minutes &significant positive correlation with severity of hypoxic ischemic-encephalopathy, time is taken forrecovery of neurological impairment following birth asphyxia and duration of NICU stay.
The phenomenon of historical reenactment in the XX-XXI centuries culture
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Solovei A. A. , Tormakhova A. M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the phenomenon of historical reenactment. It is noted that its actualization in the context of the culture of the XX–XXI centuries is due to a change in trends in the development of society. The formation of a visual turn contributes to the emphasis on forms of perception that are focused on interactivity. The "dry" story of past events is extremely difficult to perceive in the context of the spread of digital culture. Mankind is accustomed to the appearance of events that shock, impress, inspire and most of the impact is due to visual stimuli. There are several types of historical reconstruction – "living history" and tournaments. The movement of historical reconstruction in Europe can be divided into historical reenactment, which is divided into "living history" and combat reenactment, as well as creative reconstruction. Instead, in the Ukrainian space more attention is paid to the development of historical reconstruction in the dimension of sports competitions – ISB (historical medieval battles). Reproduction of elements of everyday life can act as a valuable source of information about culture. The spread of the phenomenon of historical reconstruction had an extremely great potential for the socio-cultural sphere. Historical reconstruction can serve as a tool for modifying museum practices. In recent years, there has been a steady trend towards the appearance of theatrical performances that revitalize the work of museum institutions. The actualization of historical reconstruction leads to the formation of festivals associated with historical battles. Often the festival of historical reconstruction includes various competitions and contests – fencing, archery or crossbow shooting, mass battles, a competition for the most authentic uniform. They draw attention to military affairs and history, combining integrative, cognitive functions, as well as being a part of leisure. The results of the study can be practically applied in the field of cultural management, project activities and in the work with the preservation of cultural heritage – material and spiritual.
Symbolic meanings of Peter Bevza's creativity
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stoian S. P.
Published: March 2021

In the technocratic labyrinths of the modern metropolis, the human requests of the Other are partially dissolved in the chaotic, stormy space of ubiquitous commotion.
TÜRKİYE’DE KİŞİSEL GELİŞİM YAZINI: META-TEMATİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Gürel Emet , Özşenler Selma Didem
Published: March 2021

Kişisel gelişim yazınına odaklanan bu çalışma, Türkiye’de yayımlanmış kişisel gelişim konulu akademik makaleleri meta-tematik açıdan analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kişisel gelişim, en yalın ifadeyle kişinin sahip olduğu potansiyeli daha ileriye taşımasıdır. Son dönemlerin önemli kavram ve uygulamalarından biri olan kişisel gelişim; kapsamlı, çok boyutlu ve disiplinlerarası bir niteliğe sahiptir. Türkiye’de kişisel gelişim yazınını konu eden böylesi bir çalışmanın, kişisel gelişim olgusunun bilimsel niteliğine ve kişisel gelişimin Türkiye’deki görünümüne ilişkin bir profil oluşturma açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışma, ulusal veri tabanları ve dizinler üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Google Akademik, Dergipark, Asos Index ve Sobiad gibi veri tabanları ile Ulakbim dizini araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Nitel desende oluşturulan çalışma kapsamında söz konusu veri tabanlarından elde edilen akademik makaleler meta-tematik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, belirli temalar uyarınca yorumlanmış ve bulgulara ilişkin detaylar, çalışmanın sonuç kısmına yansıtılarak Türkiye’de kişisel gelişim yazınına ilişkin çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Çalışma, bulguların genel yorumu ve ileriki çalışmalar için öneriler ile sonlanmaktadır.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN KANIT KULLANMA BECERİSİNE İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Öner Ümmühan , Kınacı Müşerref Kübra
Published: March 2021

Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin kanıt kullanma becerisine ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesinin amaçlandığı bu araştırma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan olgubilim desenine uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar dönemi Elazığ il merkezinde görev yapan 9’u kadın 11’i erkek toplam 20 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak, amaçsal örnekleme stratejilerinden biri olan uygun örnekleme ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verileri görüşme tekniği ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiş olup, veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin kanıt kullanma becerisini kaynakları kullanabilme yeteneği olarak ifade ettikleri ve kanıt kullanma becerisinin öğrenci gelişimi üzerindeki etkisinin olumlu yönde olduğunu belirttikleri görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin bu becerinin kazandırılmasında farklı yöntem ve tekniklerden yararlandıkları ve çeşitli kanıt türlerini kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Kanıt kullanma becerisinin kazandırılmasında öğretmenlerin öğrenci düzeyinin uygun olmaması, kanıtlara ulaşamama, izin ve maliyet sorunu gibi bazı problemler yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin kanıt kullanma becerisinin etkili bir şekilde kazandırılabilmesi için öğrencinin aktif kılınarak daha fazla görsel-işitsel kanıtların tercih edilmesinin, öğrenci gelişim düzeyinin dikkate alınmasının, farklı yöntem ve tekniklerin daha fazla kullanılmasının gerekli olduğunu belirttikleri görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlardan hareketle, tercih edilen kanıtların öğrenci düzeyine uygun olmasına dikkat edilmeli, öğrencinin aktif olması sağlanmalıdır.
Morphology of Spermathecae and Eggs of Stenozygum coloratum (Klug, 1845) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: CANDAN Selami , GÜLLÜ Mustafa , ÖZYURT KOÇAKOĞLU Nurcan
Published: March 2021

The spermathecae and egg morphology of Stenozygum coloratum (Klug, 1845) were examined with light and scanning electron microscopy, and their external morphology was characterized in detail (egg chorion surface, operculum, and aero-micropylar processes, and spermatheca morphology). Eggs barrel-shaped; operculum round and the hatching line can be easily distinguished in the scanning electron photograph. The egg batches usually consist of 12 eggs. Because of the thick egg chorion, embrionic development was not visible from the outside. The eggs of S. coloratum are usually laid in two rows and are glued to the Capparis spinosa (Capparacea) plants. The egg burster is highly sclerotized, thick and T shaped. It is clearly observed in the hatched egg. Egg-burster is remains attached with the inside lateral surface of the egg. The well-marked operculum intersects the ring of 18–20 short pipe shaped micropylar projections that are found between the tubercles around the hatching line. In S. coloratum, the spermathecae has a semi-oblong spermathecal bulb. The spermathecal duct, pumping region, dilation of spermathecal duct and distal and proximal ducts. The pumping region has distal and proximal flanges. The balloon-like median spermathecal dilation has sclerotized rod and is narrowed distally and tipped. The proximal area of the spermathecal duct is close to the vagina opening. Two V-shaped sclerites and two ring sclerites are localized on the genital chamber (vagina) wall in to which opens the spermathecae. Egg and spermathecae structures in insects differ from species to species. In this study, spermathecae and egg structures of this species, which have not been studied before, were examined in detail, and it was aimed to contribute to systematic and taxonomic studies.
Seas No Longer Divide
Authors: Moorhead Simon
Published: March 2021

A three-part historic paper by Alan Tulip in the Telecommunication Journal of Australia in 1988 describes the political campaign for the connection of Tasmania to the Australian mainland telecommunications network after World War I, not completed until 1936.
Bir Yer, Bir Kadın, Bir Öykü: Meryem Filminde Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Kültürel İnşası
Authors: SÜMER Sema Zafer
Published: March 2021

Gelenek, görenek ve dini inanç kodlarıyla beslenen ve yapılanan ataerkil toplum, Anadolu'da kadını her yönden kuşatan ve sınırlayan bir sistemin içine hapseder. Kadının üretim sürecine katılım ve dış dünyaya açılımı bilinçli bir şekilde engellenir. Geçmişe dayalı doğal bir süreklilikle beslenen bu hiyerarşik sistem içinde toplumun kadına yüklediği taze gelinlik ve kaynanalık önemli rollerdir. Gerçek yaşam öyküsünden yola çıkılarak senaryolaştırılan Meryem filmi kadının toplumdaki yerini, eğitim durumunu, cinselliğini, özgüvenini, "kızkardeşlik" (sisterhood) yoksunluğunu ve ruhunun derinliklerinde yaşadığı gel gitleri anlatan önemli filmlerden bir tanesidir. Amaçlı örneklem yöntemi ile araştırmaya dahil edilen bu filmde Anadolu kırsalında, Beyşehir'de adetler ve diyalog ile biçimlenen kadınlık durumları ve hiyerarşiyi onaylayan atasoylu evlilik sistemi irdelenerek, içinde yaşadığımız toplumun kadın ve erkeğe yüklediği rollere dikkat çekilecektir. Filmin konusu sıradan insanların sıradan öykülerinden birisi gibi gözükse de, Meryem'in yaşadıkları Anadolu'da yüzlerce yıldır benzerlerinin yaşandığı, bugünde acımasızca yaşanmaya devam eden dramlardan sadece bir tanesidir. Bu makalede, böylesi bir sistem içerisinde kadınların kadın olarak var olabilmesi ve var olmanın dayanılmaz zorluğu film çözümleme yöntemlerinden biri olan feminist çözümleme tekniği kullanılarak bulgulanmıştır.
Comparison of Islamic and Conventional Banking Financial Performance during the Covid-19 Period
Authors: Fakhri Ulumuddin Nurul , Darmawan Angga
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic that is spreading in Indonesia has affected economic growth, likewise banks sector. This study aims to determine the financial performance factors that are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, both in Islamic and conventional banking which are included in the CBGB 2 category so that banks in Indonesia can anticipate it. This study uses the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method with 6 financial performance variables in the period of January 2020 - September 2020, namely Capital Adequacy Ratio (%), Operating Expenses / Operating Income (%), Net Operation Margin (%), Landing on Deposits. Ratio (%), Short Term Mismatch (%) which are used as the independent variable, as well as Return on Assets which is used as the dependent variable. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected financial performance factors in the form of a Funding to Deposit Ratio of 35.21%; Short Term Mismatch of 26.92% and Net Operation Margin of 26.92% in Islamic banking. Whereas in conventional banking, Operating Expenses to Operating Income was 72.87% and the Capital Adequacy Ratio was 17.31%. This result is also in line with previous research where Islamic banking is more vulnerable than conventional banking in facing financial crises.
Participation Banks in Turkey: Issues and Proposes Strategies Based on SWOT Analysis
Authors: Zulfahmi Zulfahmi , Devi Abrista , Asker Eyup , Hassan Rusni
Published: March 2021

Turkey has a long history in Islamic civilisation. However, there is still lack of research to examine participatory banks in Turkey. This is despite the fact that the legacy of strong Islamic law, the majority Muslim population, and the strategic location of the country have failed to serve as catalyst to boost market share of participation banks in the country. This study is aimed at developing priority ranking of SWOT factors and strategies on the participatory bank development in Turkey. Data are collected from experts and practitioners of Participation (Islamic) bank in Turkey. Analytic Network Process (ANP) is used as the methods of analysis. The finding shows that the aspects of participatory banks in Turkey are derived from strengths, opportunities, weakness and threats factors. Sharia board is the main strength of this study, while inadequate competitive product is the main weakness. In the future, government support stands as the first priority from opportunity aspect. Islamic bank in Turkey also needs to aware on the absence of separate law as the main priority of threats aspect. Another finding shows that separated law and regulation is the main strategies of the study. Concomitantly, the study suggests separate law and regulation as the main strategy to enhance banks participation in Turkey. This study could serve as reference point for the regulator in formulating appropriate policy strategies to increase market share of participatory banks in Turkey.
Shariah Disclosure Practices in Malaysian Islamic Banks using the Shariah Disclosure Index
Authors: Mohd Ariffin Noraini , Abdul Hamid Fatima , Md Amin Nur Afiqah
Published: March 2021

Islamic banks are required to ensure their operations and activities comply with the Shariah principles. According to Islamic Financial Services Act (2013) in Malaysia, all operations and activities of Islamic financial institutions including Islamic banks have to comply with decisions made by the Shariah Advisory Council (SAC) of Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) and the Shariah Committee (SC) of the Islamic financial institution to ensure Shariah compliance. In practice, Shariah compliance is considered a crucial factor by bank stakeholders, especially Muslim customers in their decision to use Islamic financial products. Thus, one of the ways for Islamic banks to convey their Shariah-compliance to their stakeholders is through annual reports. This study examines the level of compliance on Shariah disclosure in the annual reports of Malaysian Islamic banks. A Shariah disclosure index, comprising mandatory and voluntary items, was developed from Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) guidelines and Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) standards. Shariah disclosure data were collected from the annual reports for the year 2016 of the 16 Islamic banks in Malaysia. Based on Institutional Theory, this study hypothesised high compliance, however the results revealed that none of the banks had full compliance to the mandatory items. Nevertheless, some of these banks disclosed voluntary items. The findings provide useful insights to the regulators and stakeholders on Islamic banks’ compliance on Shariah disclosure. The study also reveals the importance of disclosing additional items in the annual reports of Islamic banks.
Mutations designed to modify the NS gene mRNA secondary structure affect influenza A pathogenicity in vivo
Authors: Baranovskaya Irina L. , Sergeeva Mariia V. , Taraskin Aleksandr S. , Lozhkov Alexey A. , Vasin Andrey V.
Published: March 2021

The influenza A virus genome consists of eight segments of negative-sense RNA that encode up to 18 proteins. During the process of viral replication, positive-sense (+)RNA (cRNA) or messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized. Today, there is only a partial understanding of the function of several secondary structures within vRNA and cRNA promoters, and splice sites in the M and NS genes. The most precise secondary structure of (+)RNA has been determined for the NS segment of influenza A virus.

The influenza A virus NS gene features two regions with a conserved mRNA secondary structure located near splice sites. Here, we compared 4 variants of the A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 strain featuring different combinations of secondary structures at the NS segment (+)RNA regions 82-148 and 497-564. We found that RNA structures did not affect viral replication in cell culture. However, one of the viruses demonstrated lower NS1 and NEP expression levels during early stage cell infection as well as reduced pathogenicity in mice compared to other variants. In particular, this virus is characterized by an RNA hairpin in the 82-148 region and a stable hairpin in the 497-564 region.
The Asymmetric Cosmic Time – The Key to a New Cosmological Model
Authors: Fritsch Horst , Schluecker Eberhard
Published: March 2021

The asymmetric cosmic time is a logical consequence of the General Theory of Relativity (GR), if one demands that it should apply to the entire cosmos. From the simplest cosmological model that is consistent with the ART (Einstein-de Sitter model) thus follows the < Cosmic Time Hypothesis > (CTH), which offers solutions for many unsolved problems of cosmology that the current standard model of cosmology (ɅCDM model) cannot explain. According to the CTH, space, time and matter form a unit and develop evolutionarily according to identical, time-dependent laws. According to the CTH time has neither beginning nor end. The "big bang" disappears into the infinite past, which is why the universe manages without inflation. The accelerated expansion of the universe is also unlikely to occur if the SN-Ia measurement results are interpreted using the CTH. The cosmological constant Ʌ can then be omitted (Ʌ=0) and consequently no "dark energy" is needed. In addition, the CTH also provides interesting results on the topics: Initial conditions for hypotheses, stability of the expanding, flat universe (Ω=1), cosmic energy balance (is there negative energy ?), theory of earth expansion, unification of natural forces, Mach's principle. Should the CTH receive broad experimental confirmation, the GR could be extended to the "Universal Relativity Theory" (UR).
Productivity in Public and Private Sectors in the U.S.: A Comprehensive Review through Passage of Time
Authors: Kalantari Behrooz , Korovyakovskaya Inessa
Published: March 2021

This study examines the notion of productivity in both public and private organizations, the difference between the two sectors and how productivity measurement for each sector has to be determined. The article argues that designing viable measurement instruments to measure productivity should be based on the organizational goals as well as customersʼ expectations. Further, this study underscores the important factors that influence a viable performance measurement system, its sustainability and success. This work emphasizes the significance of performance management framework and how to use motivational factors for employees to embrace performance standards for boosting productivity in public-private domains. Finally, this study argues that measuring productivity can become easier with usage of latest technologies, ongoing training and continued education in order to keep employees engaged while improving productivity in public and private organizations.
Zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy
Authors: Lewandowska Karolina
Published: March 2021

W Polsce do przestępstw gospodarczych zalicza się zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy. Proces ten ma charakter globalny i w celu jego zwalczania stosuje się regulacje prawne, kodeks karny, dyrektywy i ustawy. Głównym celem artykułu jest charakterystyka procesu prania brudnych pieniędzy, podjęcie próby zdefiniowania procesu, ujęcia ekonomicznego, rodzajów i metod prania brudnych pieniędzy, a także ocena skali zjawiska oraz jego konsekwencji. Szczególnie ważna jest prezentacja aspektów prawnych procederu prania brudnych pieniędzy. Biorąc pod uwagę charakter globalny prania brudnych pieniędzy, zjawisko to może mieć niekorzystny wpływ na gospodarkę ze względu na obrót pieniędzmi wprowadzonych w sposób nieprawny. Przyjęto hipotezę, że zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy negatywnie wpływa na mechanizmy rynkowe, których celem jest określanie parametrów rynkowych. Legalizacja środków pieniężnych pochodzących z nielegalnego źródła w systemie finansowym jest ryzykownym etapem przestępstwa, pełni również nieodłączny element zorganizowanej działalności przestępczej.W artykule wykorzystano metody badawcze: analiza skali zjawiska procederu prania brudnych pieniędzy w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej, wydanych wyroków skazujących, zawiadomień o podejrzanych i wstrzymanych transakcjach. Wykonana analiza ma za zadanie pokazać, jak zmienia się intensywność zjawiska prania brudnych pieniędzy na przestrzeni lat i skuteczność metod jego zapobiegania, a także prawidłowość istniejących regulacji prawnych.
Emerging Public Health Paradigms in Relation to COVID-19: A Review
Authors: OKOLAFOR Fidelis , IGBORGBOR Jude , ODOZİ Ofeota , IKHAJİAGBE Beckley , EKHAİSE Frederick
Published: March 2021

This paper provided a clear cut definition of pandemic as a disease that are widespread, spanning through borders of the world, affecting large populations. The new coronavirus is a pandemic that emerged in Wuhan, China as case of unidentified etiology. Global pandemics in the time past saw the emergence of debilitating diseases such as Bubonic Plague, Small Pox, Spanish flu, Hong Kong flu, H7N9, SARS, Zika virus, Ebola virus, H1N1 influenza virus and most recently COVID-19. The incidence, the spread, conspiracy theories and management/eradication of COVID-19 influenced the global politics on COVID-19. The paradigmatic approach to the novel coronavirus underscore the inadequacies, challenges and indifferences of government to health care sector pre- COVID-19 era. Strict adherence to guidelines by WHO and CDC is a major public health intervention to tackle COVID-19. Some of the public health approach to diminish COVID-19 are effective response measures, upscale testing, improved quarantine system and public enlightenment. Effort should made by agencies in the front line of vaccine production to speed up development of safe and effective vaccines and work with Government to ensure fair and equitable allocation of these vaccines to the populace. Plant based therapy for the treatment and management of COVID-19 should be investigated and promoted. If we must win the war against COVID-19, all countries under the United Nations should bridge the gap in knowledge sharing with regards to research into vaccine and drugs to combat the deadly coronavirus.
Density of Liquid Lead as Function of Temperature and Pressure Based on the Molecular Dynamics Method
Authors: Imanullah Muhammad Abdul Bashar , Arkundato Artoto , Purwandari Endhah
Published: March 2021

Simulation research has been carried out to obtain the formula for mass density of liquid lead as a function of temperature and pressure. The simulation method used is the molecular dynamics method. The potential energy used in the simulation is the Morse potential. From the simulation, it is found that the relationship between the mass density of liquid lead and temperature and pressure can be expressed in the equation pPb = 11233 - 0,9217 x T for pressure 1 – 5 atm and pPb = 11233 x 0,9213 x T for pressure 7 atm in units kg/m.
Effect Of TiO2 Addition On The Electrical Conductivity Of Nylon-TiO2 Hybrid Membrane
Authors: Rohmah Nurul Octavia Hijriyatur
Published: March 2021

Current membrane technology has developed rapidly in industrial commercial interests. This has led to various studies, especially on membrane raw material innovation. Research on the measurement of electrical conductivity on nylon-TiO2 hybrid membranes has been carried out. This study aims to determine the addition of the right TiO2 mass fraction based on the electrical conductivity value. The variations in the concentration of TiO2 used were 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% (w/v). The nylon-TiO2 hybrid membrane was prepared using the phase inversion method. The measurement of the electrical conductivity of the hybrid membrane was carried out using the parallel plate method. The measurement results of the nylon-TiO2 hybrid membrane showed that the electrical conductivity of the hybrid membrane increased with the addition of the mass fraction of TiO2, from (0.66 ± 0.04) × 10-9 S / cm for nylon membrane to (9.15 ± 5.71) × 10-9 S / cm for additionalmass fraction of TiO2 5% (w/v). Meanwhile, onadditionThe mass fraction of TiO2 7% (w / v) causes the electrical conductivity of the hybrid membrane to decrease, by obtaining an electrical conductivity value of(2.31 ± 0.45) × 10-9 S / cm
The Flow Rate Characteristics of CO Gas Emissions Using Simflow 3.1
Authors: Febriyani Eka , Hidayati Nuroh
Published: March 2021

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a type of pollutant produced by industrial activities and is emitted through gas exhaust flues. Simulation activities are considered to provide a lot of information regarding the distribution of CO gas flow in the air. This paper will analyze the velocity and pressure distribution characteristics of CO gas to predict the accumulation of CO gas at various variations in the distribution distance of the gas. Simulation activities are carried out using SIMFLOW 3.1, a software capable of simulating fluid dynamics by emphasizing the ease of application. The simulation results show that the flow rate of CO gas is proportional to the amount of gas pressure generated at each distribution distance of the gas. The CO gas flow shows a fairly stable movement when identified at a distance of more than 30 m. This indicates that a mass of CO gas will be transmitted in the same amount over a distance of up to 70 m. The largest gas accumulation was obtained at a distance of 20 m from the source, which was indicated by the smallest gas flow velocity of 3.87 x 10-3 m/s.
Analysis of Crude Oil Price and Household Income in the State of Louisiana
Authors: Uwakonye Matthew Nga , Osho Gbolahan S. , Adams Michael O. , Haj Mahmoud
Published: March 2021

A large part of determining gas price rests on the price paid for crude oil. There are several variables that can affect gas prices such as global and domestic demand and production supply, unpredictability in the Middle East, fluctuating weak United States dollar value, natural disasters, and household income. Some explanations are provided about some of the previously mentioned variables, but the focus of analysis is Louisiana crude oil price as it relates to household income. The method that was used in this current research is the regression model and the estimated linear regression equation least square method. A scatter plot is provided to display the relationship between variables. A chart that shows historical data of crude oil prices and a correlation of events as they relate to the rise or fall of oil price level is also provided. The multivariate correlation matrix shows that some variables are significant at p- value of 0.05. The largest values indicated that the crude oil price per barrel was strongly positive (r = 0.9530) linked with Louisiana gas price while Louisiana median household income (r = 0.0898), unemployment rate in Louisiana (r = 0.3398). This paper evaluates crude oil price as a dependent variable and how it relates to major independent variables using a general linear regression. The result shows that a high unemployment rate in Louisiana lowers the Louisiana gas price and therefore inhibits oil and gas market. it is highly recommended that the U.S. could continue to increase drilling activities in the state of Louisiana all it wants but it is hard to expect greater domestic production to move gas prices by more than two percentage points in the next few years.
OS DESAFIOS DO PROCESSO COLETIVO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Nogueira Madruga Marina , Raymundo Guimarães Filho Rogério
Published: March 2021

Este estudo é escrito com o objetivo geral de evidenciar os desafios do processo coletivo brasileiro na esfera jurídica. A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, buscou-se descrever as necessidades para aplicação desse mecanismo processual cível, razão pela qual, apontam-se recomendações, pelos doutrinadores e por juristas nacionais - com base no Relatório Analítico Propositivo do CNJ, de 2018 - do que há de ser feito para proteção dos direitos massificados, bem como, apresentam-se os fatores que impedem sua aplicação. Nesse diapasão, aproveita para demonstrar a transição entre o Código de Processo Civil de 1973 para o Código de Processo Civil de 2015, salientando o enraizamento do Estado Social e a valorização da tutela de massas. Como resultado, destaca-se que o artigo não pretende solucionar as demandas do trato coletivo, mas “jogar luz” para que se tornem manifestas, a fim de concluir pela necessária revista dos institutos processuais cíveis para acompanhar a constante renovação das relações humanas, em prol da tutela de interesses coletivos.
Accuracy Analysis of K-Nearest Neighbor and Naïve Bayes Algorithm in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Handayani Irma , Ikrimach Ikrimach
Published: March 2021

In the medical field, there are many records of disease sufferers, one of which is data on breast cancer. An extraction process to fine information in previously unknown data is known as data mining. Data mining uses pattern recognition techniques such as statistics and mathematics to find patterns from old data or cases. One of the main roles of data mining is classification. In the classification dataset, there is one objective attribute or it can be called the label attribute. This attribute will be searched from new data on the basis of other attributes in the past. The number of attributes can affect the performance of an algorithm. This results in if the classification process is inaccurate, the researcher needs to double-check at each previous stage to look for errors. The best algorithm for one data type is not necessarily good for another data type. For this reason, the K-Nearest Neighbor and Naïve Bayes algorithms will be used as a solution to this problem. The research method used was to prepare data from the breast cancer dataset, conduct training and test the data, then perform a comparative analysis. The research target is to produce the best algorithm in classifying breast cancer, so that patients with existing parameters can be predicted which ones are malignant and benign breast cancer. This pattern can be used as a diagnostic measure so that it can be detected earlier and is expected to reduce the mortality rate from breast cancer. By making comparisons, this method produces 95.79% for K-Nearest Neighbor and 93.39% for Naïve Bayes
Implementation of TQM and the Integration of BIM in the Construction Management Sector in Saudi Arabia Validated with Hybridized Emerging Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO)
Authors: Abazid Mohammad , Gökçekuş Hüseyin , Celik Tahir
Published: March 2021

This research is aimed at evaluating two different scenarios, firstly, appraising the impacts of employing the concepts of Total Quality Management (TQM) to the construction projects in Saudi Arabia. The results of the study were obtained through utilization of a descriptive analytical approach, where 300 questionnaires were distributed to engineering firms and companies with a response rate of 200 questionnaires, hence achieving the study sample for this research. The data gathered was analyzed by applying the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program and calculating the Relative importance index (RII) and the mean values. From the research conducted, the outcomes showed that the management’s ability to commit using TQM while applying BIM obtained a relative importance of (0.717), while the relative importance for the management’s ability to commit using TQM without the application of BIM is (0.552). The results showed that construction projects in Saudi Arabia still sustain setbacks from applying TQM concepts and suffer from the lack of administrative, scientific and technical applications. In a second scenario, a hybridized support vector regression (SVR) Harris-hawks optimization (HHO) (i.e., SVR-HHO) were used to predict the TQM. The performance accuracy of the models was checked through three different evaluation metrics namely; mean square error (MSE), correlation co-efficient (CC) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE). the hybridized emerging SVR-HHO outperformed the other two data driven approaches in both the training and testing stages based on the employed evaluation metrics. Overall, the obtained results showed that both the machine learning and metaheuristic approaches were capable of predicting TQM.
Transitions in “Privatized” Prison Health Systems: Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations Among Incarcerated People in Florida, 2011–2018
Authors: Adler Jessica L. , Chen Weiwei , Page Timothy F.
Published: March 2021

Objectives. To examine rates of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations among incarcerated people in Florida during a period when health care management in the state’s prisons underwent transitions.

Methods. We used Florida ED visit and hospital discharge data (2011–2018) to depict the trend in ED visit and hospital discharge rates among incarcerated people. We proxied incarcerated people using individuals admitted from and discharged or transferred to a court or law enforcement agency. We fitted a regression with year indicators to examine the significance of yearly changes.

Results. Among incarcerated people in Florida, ED visit rates quadrupled, and hospitalization rates doubled, between 2015 and 2018, a period when no similar trends were evident in the nonincarcerated population.

Public Health Implications. Increasing the amount and flexibility of payments to contractors overseeing prison health services may foster higher rates of hospital utilization among incarcerated people and higher costs, without addressing major quality of care problems. Hospitals and government agencies should transparently report on health care utilization and outcomes among incarcerated people to ensure better oversight of services for a highly vulnerable population.
The Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States During the Years 2010 to 2018
Authors: Holtzman Deborah , Asher Alice K. , Schillie Sarah
Published: March 2021

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, leading to serious health problems among those who are chronically infected. Since 1992, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has been collecting data on the incidence of HCV infection in the United States. In 2018, more than 50 000 individuals were estimated to have acute HCV infection.

The most recently reported data on the prevalence of infection indicate that approximately 2.4 million people are living with hepatitis C in the United States. Transmission of HCV occurs predominantly through sharing contaminated equipment for injecting drugs.

Two major events have had a significant impact on the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis C in the past few decades: the US opioid crisis and the discovery of curative treatments for HCV infection. To better understand the impact of these events, we examine reported trends in the incidence and prevalence of infection.