bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing Federal Communications Commission and Microsoft Estimates of Broadband Access for Mental Health Video Telemedicine Among Veterans: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: O'Shea Amy MJ , Mulligan Kailey , Carter Knute D , Haraldsson Bjarni , Wray Charlie M , Shahnazi Ariana , Kaboli Peter J
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of telemedicine in health care. However, video telemedicine requires adequate broadband internet speeds. As video-based telemedicine grows, variations in broadband access must be accurately measured and characterized.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to compare the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Microsoft US broadband use data sources to measure county-level broadband access among veterans receiving mental health care from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

METHODS

Retrospective observational cohort study using administrative data to identify mental health visits from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020, among 1161 VHA mental health clinics. The exposure is county-level broadband percentages calculated as the percentage of the county population with access to adequate broadband speeds (ie, download >25 megabits per second) as measured by the FCC and Microsoft. All veterans receiving VHA mental health services during the study period were included and categorized based on their use of video mental health visits. Broadband access was compared between and within data sources, stratified by video versus no video telemedicine use.

RESULTS

Over the 2-year study period, 1,474,024 veterans with VHA mental health visits were identified. Average broadband percentages varied by source (FCC mean 91.3%, SD 12.5% vs Microsoft mean 48.2%, SD 18.1%; P<.001). Within each data source, broadband percentages generally increased from 2019 to 2020. Adjusted regression analyses estimated the change after pandemic onset versus before the pandemic in quarterly county-based mental health visit counts at prespecified broadband percentages. Using FCC model estimates, given all other covariates are constant and assuming an FCC percentage set at 70%, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of county-level quarterly mental video visits during the COVID-19 pandemic was 6.81 times (95% CI 6.49-7.13) the rate before the pandemic. In comparison, the model using Microsoft data exhibited a stronger association (IRR 7.28; 95% CI 6.78-7.81). This relationship held across all broadband access levels assessed.

CONCLUSIONS

This study found FCC broadband data estimated higher and less variable county-level broadband percentages compared to those estimated using Microsoft data. Regardless of the data source, veterans without mental health video visits lived in counties with lower broadband access, highlighting the need for accurate broadband speeds to prioritize infrastructure and intervention development based on the greatest community-level impacts. Future work should link broadband access to differences in clinical outcomes.
Industry 4.0 Technologies in Maternal Health Care: Bibliometric Analysis and Research Agenda (Preprint)
Authors: Sibanda Khulekani , Ndayizigamiye Patrick , Twinomurinzi Hossana
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies have improved operations in health care facilities by optimizing processes, leading to efficient systems and tools to assist health care personnel and patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the current implementation and impact of I4.0 technologies within maternal health care, explicitly focusing on transforming care processes, treatment methods, and automated pregnancy monitoring. Additionally, it conducts a thematic landscape mapping, offering a nuanced understanding of this emerging field. Building on this analysis, a future research agenda is proposed, highlighting critical areas for future investigations.

METHODS

A bibliometric analysis of publications retrieved from the Scopus database was conducted to examine how the research into I4.0 technologies in maternal health care evolved from 1985 to 2022. A search strategy was used to screen the eligible publications using the abstract and full-text reading. The most productive and influential journals; authors’, institutions’, and countries’ influence on maternal health care; and current trends and thematic evolution were computed using the Bibliometrix R package (R Core Team).

RESULTS

A total of 1003 unique papers in English were retrieved using the search string, and 136 papers were retained after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were implemented, covering 37 years from 1985 to 2022. The annual growth rate of publications was 9.53%, with 88.9% (n=121) of the publications observed in 2016-2022. In the thematic analysis, 4 clusters were identified—artificial neural networks, data mining, machine learning, and the Internet of Things. Artificial intelligence, deep learning, risk prediction, digital health, telemedicine, wearable devices, mobile health care, and cloud computing remained the dominant research themes in 2016-2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This bibliometric analysis reviews the state of the art in the evolution and structure of I4.0 technologies in maternal health care and how they may be used to optimize the operational processes. A conceptual framework with 4 performance factors—risk prediction, hospital care, health record management, and self-care—is suggested for process improvement. a research agenda is also proposed for governance, adoption, infrastructure, privacy, and security.
Mapping Knowledge Landscapes and Emerging Trends in AI for Dementia Biomarkers: Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Qi Wenhao , Zhu Xiaohong , He Danni , Wang Bin , Cao Shihua , Dong Chaoqun , Li Yunhua , Chen Yanfei , Wang Bingsheng , Shi Yankai , Jiang Guowei , Liu Fang , Boots Lizzy M M , Li Jiaqi , Lou Xiajing , Yao Jiani , Lu Xiaodong , Kang Junling
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of dementia biomarker research, exploring its current developmental trends and research focuses has become increasingly important. This study, using literature data mining, analyzes and assesses the key contributions and development scale of AI in dementia biomarker research.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the current state, hot topics, and future trends of AI in dementia biomarker research globally.

METHODS

This study thoroughly analyzed the literature in the application of AI to dementia biomarkers across various dimensions, such as publication volume, authors, institutions, journals, and countries, based on the Web of Science Core Collection. In addition, scales, trends, and potential connections between AI and biomarkers were extracted and deeply analyzed through multiple expert panels.

RESULTS

To date, the field includes 1070 publications across 362 journals, involving 74 countries and 1793 major research institutions, with a total of 6455 researchers. Notably, 69.41% (994/1432) of the researchers ceased their studies before 2019. The most prevalent algorithms used are support vector machines, random forests, and neural networks. Current research frequently focuses on biomarkers such as imaging biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, genetic biomarkers, and blood biomarkers. Recent advances have highlighted significant discoveries in biomarkers related to imaging, genetics, and blood, with growth in studies on digital and ophthalmic biomarkers.

CONCLUSIONS

The field is currently in a phase of stable development, receiving widespread attention from numerous countries, institutions, and researchers worldwide. Despite this, stable clusters of collaborative research have yet to be established, and there is a pressing need to enhance interdisciplinary collaboration. Algorithm development has shown prominence, especially the application of support vector machines and neural networks in imaging studies. Looking forward, newly discovered biomarkers are expected to undergo further validation, and new types, such as digital biomarkers, will garner increased research interest and attention.
Better Something than Nothing: A Data-Driven Method for Mitigating Chronic Conditions of Human Brucellosis in China (Preprint)
Authors: Fan Yining , Han Xu , Zhang Dongli , Wu Jinhui , Chen Yucun , Yang Shihong
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Brucellosis is a type of serious zoonosis disease caused by the infection of various Brucella species. The symptoms of Brucellosis generally include fever, fatigue, and night sweat, and there is a significant variance in symptoms among patients. It is believed that Brucellosis, if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, can develop into a chronic condition, but a quantitative guideline is lacking. In this research, we systematically study the Brucellosis data from northern area of China and develop data mining models to explore the association between patients features and various Brucellosis symptoms. We also identify the key variables affecting the development of chronic conditions. Our results show that people working in agriculture, farming, stock breeding and slaughtering related jobs are less likely to develop fever symptoms during infection. Additionally, females or younger patients are more likely to experience fevers with high body temperature. Our results also show that treatment delay has a significant impact on the development of chronic Brucellosis, but the impact is attenuated for diagnosis delay. In other words, non-specific medical treatment can mitigate chronic condition development in the absence of a Brucellosis diagnosis.
Meta-Analysis of Disclosure Rates of Mothers Infected with HIV to Their Children: A Global Perspective (Preprint)
Authors: Cao Yanli , Li Xinwe , MO Phoenix Kit-Han , Chen Zhongdan , Wang Xiaoyan , Huang Dongxu , Wang Ailing , Wang Qian
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

With the advancement in HIV treatment, the quality of life of HIV-infected women has significantly improved, and HIV-infected women have been able to participate in childcare and assume social responsibilities. Research suggests that there are varying degrees of maternal HIV disclosure among HIV-infected mothers, and that these differences may be related to a variety of psycho-social factors. However, there is a lack of data on the overall disclosure rate.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence of disclosure of HIV status to children among HIV-infected mothers, with the aim of establishing a foundation for preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), enhancing ART adherence among HIV-infected mothers, and improving overall survival quality.

METHODS

We searched Pub Med, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library in English, and we also specifically searched CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases in Chinese for the studies of HIV women disclosure in China. Studies that published from January 1, 2003 to 2024 were located. Language restriction is English and Chinese. Key words include “HIV-infected”, “maternal” or “mother” or “women” or “parent”, “children” or “youth” or “adolescents”, and “disclosure” or “inform” .

RESULTS

Ultimately, 14 studies were included for review. Heterogeneity among the chosen studies was evaluated through chi-square tests and I2 statistics; and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the comparability of study results. The global HIV disclosure rate was 41% with a 95%confidence interval (CI) ranging from 30% to 52%. Subgroup analyses based on region and parental infection status showed that the HIV disclosure rate was 36% [95%CI:25%-49%] in 3 Chinese based study; 60% [95%CI:49%-70%] in 6 U.S. based studies; and 25% [95%CI:11%-43%] in 4 African based study. Furthermore, the HIV disclosure rate was 42%[95%CI:28%-57%] among families with only mother being infected with HIV across 9 studies; and 39%[95%CI:22%-59%] among families with both parents being infected across 5 studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings indicate that the disclosure rate of HIV-infected mothers to their children is higher in developed regions, and within families with only mother being infected with HIV. Further research efforts and policy development are imperative to support decision-making processes for HIV-infected mothers when considering disclosure of HIV infection status to their children.

CLINICALTRIAL

CRD42024531337
Ketahanan Masyarakat Penyintas Pasca Gempabumi Cianjur
Authors: Rahman Fathin Aulia , Achadi Abdul Haris
Published: August 2024

Gempa Cianjur merupakan gempa dangkal besar yang disebabkan oleh Sesar Cimandiri yang kemudian ditetapkan menjadi Sesar Lokal Cugenang. Dampak dari gempa bermagnitudo 5,6 telah meluluhlantahkan sebagian besar wilayah Kabupaten Cianjur yang menyebabkan banyak penderitaan dan kesengsaraan bagi masyarakat penyintas pasca gempabumi Cianjur. Ketahanan masyarakat diperlukan dalam menghadapi krisis dan ancaman bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketahanan masyarakat melalui aset penghidupan yang dimiliki oleh penyintas bencana gempa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Populasi penelitian berdasarkan kecamatan yang memiliki dampak terparah yaitu Kecamatan Cugenang. Teknik sampling menggunakan simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif untuk analisis tingkat ketahanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketahanan masyarakat penyintas gempa di Kecamatan Cugenang dalam kategori Sedang. Tingkat ketahanan paling rendah menurut aset penghidupan yaitu Modal Alam, dengan nilai indeks parameter terendah adalah penguasaan lahan, dan Modal Finansial, dengan nilai indeks parameter terendah adalah kepemilikan tabungan pasca bencana.
A Partially Coupled Turbo Code Design for Error Detection and Correction in IoT Networks
Authors: Ahirwal Raman Singh , Marmat Amit
Published: August 2024

The internet of things framework has seen a rapid change in terms of the applications and users worldwide. However, the need for trustworthiness to satisfactory quality of service is of utmost importance keeping in mind the nature of data transfer in wireless media. The advent of high compute power processors with miniature sizes and low power consumption, implementing relatively complex algorithms has become possible which is necessity for internet of things applications. This research paper focusses on the design and implementation of the code blocks of turbo codes based on the BCJR algorithm so as to couple the bits in the code blocks in the composite transport block. The information and parity bits are to be coupled so as to have more information sharing within the transport block and hence reduce the error rate steeply in section of the error waterfall. The proposed technique attains lower bit error rate performance compared to the conventional un-coded and hard coded counterparts. A comparative analysis with respect to the error rate has been done so as to evaluate the quality of service of the proposed work. The lower error rate of the proposed work ensures the high quality of service and trustworthiness of the IoT system.
Acerca de la propagación de ondas oceánicas sobre una esfera
Authors: Groves G. w. , Melcer J.
Published: August 2024

Las ondas oceánicas son descritas en términos de un espectro direccional de potencia que varía con Ia posición y el tiempo. Esta función debe satisfacer una ecuación que exprese Ia conservación de energía de las ondas. En el caso de que no haya generación o disipación de las ondas, Ia ecuación de energía tiene una solución sencilla, mediante Ia cual es posible obtener ejemplos que relacionan el espectro de onda en diferentes lugares y tiempos. Se tratan algunos ejemplos de estado estacionario y problemas de valores iniciales y se comparan soluciones en Ia esfera y en el plano. El método puede ampliarse para operar sobre otros tipos de ondas dispersivas en Ia superficie de Ia esfera. La generación y Ia disipación se expresan por una función generadora, que da Ia razón del incremento de energía de las ondas por unidad de área para cada componente espectral. En ciertas formas simples de esta función pueden obtenerse soluciones exactas para ondas limitadas por fetch y duración. También pueden tratarse tipos simples de disipación de ondas. Si se puede postular una función generadora razonable o deducirla teóricamente, este método será útil para predicciones automáticas rápidas de ondas.
Nuevos instrumentos: sismógrafos y acelerógrafos acoplados capacitivamente
Authors: Merino y Coronado J.
Published: August 2024

La necesidad de grandes amplificaciones y la conveniencia de registros galvanométricos y amortiguamientos lineales ha hecho que los aparatos exclusivamente mecánicos se encuentren abandonados casi totalmente. Varias casas fabricantes hacen todavía algunos aparatos para el registro de temblores fuertes, cuyo registro es totalmente mecánico, sobre papel ahumado. Pero, en esos sismógrafos el rozamiento del estilete es casi siempre muy difícil de tomar en cuenta y los sistemas de amortiguamiento, sobre todo cuando la masa pendular es grande, no son nunca o casi nunca proporcionales a la velocidad, pues. tal cosa es imposible de obtener con líquidos viscosos y paletas que se mueven dentro de elIos o con pistones que oscilan dentro de cilindros llenos de aire.
Aspectos oceanográficos del Pacífico Ecuatorial Oriental
Authors: Roden G.I.
Published: August 2024

Un rasgo notable de la circulación a lo largo del ecuador es la ocasional contracorriente superficial al oeste de las Islas Galápagos (PuIs, 1895). Se desarrolla cuando el esfuerzo del viento cae por debajo de cierto valor critico (0.25 dinas/cm-2 aproximadamente) y parece representar la manifestación superficial de una corriente profunda ecuatorial que circula hacia el este. Una extensión de esta corriente, más alIá de las Islas Galápagos, tal vez pueda originar el fenómeno de "EI Niño" frente al Perú. Al este de las Islas Galápagos, las corrientes que circulan a lo largo del ecuador forman frecuentemente ángulos rectos con la dirección del viento predominante. La función de dirección de la corriente de transporte de masa total se cómputo con datos más detallados que los disponibles previamente, encontrándose que a través del año el transporte va hacia el sur a lo largo de la costa peruana y hacia el este entre las latitudes 40 N y 6° N. Un análisis estadístico de largos registros climáticos en Balboa, Z. C. Panamá, para la variación de frecuencia entre cero y seis ciclos por año no pudo destacar periodicidades no-estacionales significantes. Existe una relación inversa relativamente buena entre temperatura y viento y entre nivel del mar y viento para frecuencias entre 1 y 3.5 ciclos por año.
Discurso inaugural. Aspectos estacionarios de la circulación general tropical
Authors: Riehl Herbert
Published: August 2024

Primeramente se revisa la circulación de verano media para tres regímenes meteorológicos cerca de la superficie y a 200 m: alisio del Atlántico, alisio del Pacífico y monson Asiático. Se observa una completa inversión de la estructura atmosférica al comparar los alisios con el monson. En los alisios, los vientos más bajos son constantes y divergentes; a 200 mb se encuentra una alta vorticidad ciclónica convergente dispuesta en angostas líneas de deformación y siendo el aire relativamente frio en sus alrededores. A lo largo de ellas frecuentemente la circulación es muy inconstante, con grandes o pequeños vórtices ciclónicos que se desplazan al oeste. EI monson tiene la misma estructura pero invertida, encontrándose alisios constantes con circulación anticiclónica divergente en la alta troposfera. sobre el bien conocido monson o corredor ecuatorial de baja presión, con fuerte deformación ciclónica y perturbaciones móviles. Las temperaturas en el corredor son muy altas, especialmente en la tropósfera superior. Se hacen cálculos para determinar si la parte estacionaria de los regímenes del alisio y del monson pueden determinar el balance de calor, humedad y energía cinética, encontrándose que tal es el caso y que no necesitan invocarse los rasgos de circulación inconstante o de empuje desde latitudes extratropicales para postular los sistemas de circulación de yerano en el trópico. En particular, se encuentra que la eficiencia de conversión en la liberación de calor latente para producir energía cinética en la circulación media es de 2.5 por ciento, casi la misma calculada para la conversión de energía potencial a cinética en las perturbaciones extratropicales.
Una revisión preliminar de perturbaciones a gran escala sobre la región tropical del Pacífico
Authors: Yanai Michio
Published: August 2024

Se hace un estudio preliminar de algunas características dinámicas de perturbaciones a gran escala que aparecieron en el área de las Islas Marshall durante Junio y Julio de 1958. El periodo medio de las ondas en los alisios troposféricos bajos es de unos 4 días y los yortices migratorios de nivel alto casi llega a seis días. La distribución vertical de la vorticidad del movimiento vertical asociados a las perturbaciones se estima directamente por las observaciones del viento superior. Se discuten la existencia del movimiento vertical a gran escala en la perturbación y su influencia sobre la temperatura del aire superior y aguaceros. También se hace un intento para distinguir las perturbaciones en desarrollo y no-desarrolladas en sus etapas iniciales. Se indica que el calentamiento del aire metro-troposférico que se une a la vorticidad absoluta débil arriba, es una condición casi necesaria y suficiente para transformar una perturbación de ondas en un tifón.
La convergencia intertropical revelada por los satélites meteorológicos tiros
Authors: Johnson H. M.
Published: August 2024

Numerosas, notables y con frecuencia altamente reveladoras observaciones de gran altura realizadas con mucho éxito en los últimos tres años por los satélites meteorológicos TIROS, han hecho posible amplios y significativos adelantos en el campo de Ia meteorología tropical.
El papel de las bandas de lluvia en los huracanes
Authors: Gentry R. Cecil
Published: August 2024

Las primeras fotografías de radar tomadas de ciclones tropicales revelaron una estructura de banda de lluvia espiraladas que pronto se consideraron como típicas de tales tormentas. Desde que el fenómeno fue descrito primeramente por Maynard (1945) y Wexler (1947) se han hecho muchos estudios. Sin embargo, en ninguno se ha dado suficiente información describiendo las variaciones de temperatura y viento dentro de la banda o mostrando el papel de las bandas en la producción de energía cinética dentro de las porciones de alta energía de los ciclones tropicales.
Contenido de agua líquida en huracanes
Authors: Ackerman Bernice
Published: August 2024

Por varios años, el Laboratorio de Física de Nubes de la Universidad de Chicago, bajo contrato con el U. S. Weather Bureau, se ha dedicado a las fases de física de nubes del programa que desarrolla el Proyecto Nacional de Investigación de Huracanes. En este trabajo se consideran algunas mediciones del contenido de agua líquida logradas en vuelos de aviones B-50 PNIH durante 1957 y 1958, dentro de huracanes y tormentas tropicales.
Estudio de eco-alturas de ciertas ondas mesoescalares en alisios
Authors: Gerlush Harold P.
Published: August 2024

Se han estudiado las alturas de ecos de precipitación convectiva asociados con ciertas ondas mesoescalares en alisios usando datos radaroscópicos RHI y examinando varias etapas del desarrollo del eco. Los resultados de dicho estudio preliminar indican una fuerte preferencia para que los ecos más altos se orienten a lo largo e inmediatamente atrás del eje de ondas para ondas que se mueven más despacio que una corriente uniforme básica. Tal analogía con el modelo clásico de nubes para ondas de escala sinóptica en alisios está de acuerdo con el teorema de conservación de la vorticidad potencial. Se sugiere que los mapas de eco-alturas pueden ser útiles para localizar ondas mesoescalares en alisios de variadas longitudes de onda que no podrían analizarse con datos sinópticos convencionales.
Tiempo superficial y configuraciones del flujo aéreo superior en México
Authors: Mosiño P.A.
Published: August 2024

Las condiciones del tiempo en México y las configuraciones del flujo aéreo superior concurrentes han sido objeto de gran discusión en el pasado, principalmente por falta de información sobre la atmósfera superior del territorio mexicano. Sin embargo, en los últimos años una continua mejoría de la red de observación de la atmósfera superior. hizo posible el diseño de cartas de la atmósfera superior sobre México. Cartas de la superficie y atmosfera superior que cubren los EE.UU. México, Centroamérica y aguas adyacentes, son analizadas continuamente en la Oficina Central Meteorológica de Radio Aeronática (RAMSA) en la Ciudad de México desde su fundación en 1951. Estas cartas incluyen, además de capas del tiempo en la superficie, cartas de los niveles de presión 850, 700, 500, 400 mb.
Un modelo dinámico para estudiar el desarrollo de ciclones tropicales
Authors: Ooyama Katsuyuki
Published: August 2024

Se considera el desarrollo de un ciclón tropical como un proceso cooperativo entre la convección a escala de nubes como fuente de energía y el movimiento a escala de ciclón como mecanismo para organizar la convección de nubes. Para formular el acoplamiento entre ambas escalas de fenómenos diferentes solo en términos de campos a gran escala se elabora la hipótesis de que la distribución estadística y la intensidad media de la convección de nubes están gobernadas por la convergencia a gran escala del aire caliente y húmedo en una capa de superficie mientras la transferencia vertical de calor y masa debida a nubes se determina por un modelo hipotético de la misma convección de nubes. Tales hipótesis se incorporan en un sistema fluido que consiste en dos capas de fluido homogéneo incompresible de diferentes densidades y una capa de frontera que representa separadamente el efecto de fricción superficial.
El Huracán Betsy (1961) visto por TIROS III
Authors: Chu Roland T. P. , Spar Jerome
Published: August 2024

Ya se ha demostrado ampliamente (Krueger y Fritz, 1961; Fritz y Winston, 1962; Rao y Winston, 1963 y otros) que las fotografías de televisión y las mediciones de radiación infrarroja por satélites pueden usarse para análisis sinópticos y que dichas observaciones son especialmente valiosas para localizar huracanes y otras perturbaciones con áreas "vacías" de océanos tropicales (Dunn y Staff, 1962; Fritz, 1962). EI problema de la formación de huracanes es uno de los que pueden recibir considerables aportes de los satélites, no solo porque los huracanes se forman tan frecuentemente en áreas apenas observadas, sino también por la vista verdaderamente "sinóptica" que dan los satélites. Se hizo un esfuerzo en este estudio para examinar las etapas natal y pre-natal del Huracán Betsy (1961) por análisis de fotografías de nubes y mediciones de radiación infrarroja de TIROS III, aunque por las limitaciones inherentes al sistema de TIROS la investigación no fue enteramente satisfactoria. Sin embargo, proporciono un ejemplo del valor potencial de las observaciones de satélites en meteorología tropical.
Acerca del factor de incorporación y su importancia en la modelación numérica de huracanes
Authors: Serra Sergio
Published: August 2024

En algunos modelos numéricos del desarrollo de los huracanes (Ogura, 1954; Ooyama, 1964), el factor de proporcionalidad o de incorporación η. que relaciona el movimiento vertical inducido por la fricción en el tope de la capa fricción y la liberación del calor latente, es considerada como una constante igual a 3. El presente trabajo presenta los resultados de un número de experimentos, en los cuales se ha usado la interpretación del autor del modelo de Ogura, en los cuales se le da al parámetro η varios valores constantes, y también en dos de estos experimentos se permite que varíe con el tiempo como una función de la distribución vertical de la temperatura potencial equivalente, la cual se calcula en 3 niveles, haciendo ciertas suposiciones. Lo resultados de los experimentos muestran que existe una fuerte dependencia entre la rapidez de crecimiento del disturbio atmosférico y el valor que se le asigna al parámetro η. Esta dependencia fue indicada en los análisis lineales de Ogura (1964) y Ooyama (1964); sin embargo, el valor crítico para el aumento de la velocidad máxima que indica el resultado de los experimentos parece ser más grande que el indicado para el desarrollo del disturbio en los análisis lineales. Para probar la realidad de los valores que se le asignaron al parámetro η, este parámetro fue calculado en la misma forma que en los experimentos para dos situaciones en las cuales un huracán estaba presente, y también para los huracanes Daisy, 1958 e Hilda 1964, así como también para algunos sondeos medios de la atmósfera tropical. Todos los valores obtenidos para η, parecen ser más pequeños que aquellos que se requerirían para estar en acuerdo con los resultados de los experimentos.
Generative Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models in Primary Care Medical Education
Authors: Parente Daniel J.
Published: August 2024

Generative artificial intelligence and large language models are the continuation of a technological revolution in information processing that began with the invention of the transistor in 1947. These technologies, driven by transformer architectures for artificial neural networks, are poised to broadly influence society. It is already apparent that these technologies will be adapted to drive innovation in education. Medical education is a high-risk activity: Information that is incorrectly taught to a student may go unrecognized for years until a relevant clinical situation appears in which that error can lead to patient harm. In this article, I discuss the principal limitations to the use of generative artificial intelligence in medical education—hallucination, bias, cost, and security—and suggest some approaches to confronting these problems. Additionally, I identify the potential applications of generative artificial intelligence to medical education, including personalized instruction, simulation, feedback, evaluation, augmentation of qualitative research, and performance of critical assessment of the existing scientific literature.
Contract Staff Acceptance Selection Using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method
Authors: Kusumawati Dewi , Grace Diana , Rusydi Muh , Rahmawaty  , Rasmita Ngemba Hajra , Hidayat Nurul , Rahmawati Siti
Published: August 2024

Introduction :  Technology is a supporter in making decisions made by a top-level leader. Good decision making will produce a good decision. An example of decision making is the determination of an honorary employment appointment at an agency. In some areas, there are still various offices or government agencies whose recruitment process has not been carried out professionally, but still in the usual ways in the environment such as friendship or family relations. This research designed a web-based decision support system application using SAW method to support the labor selection process at the Class II Agricultural Quarantine Center in Palu. The type of research conducted is qualitative descriptive study. The system development method used in this research is Waterfall development. Waterfall method is the workmanship of a system carried out sequentially or linearly. The analytical method used is Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). This method used because the basic concept of SAW method is to find a weighted sum of the performance ratings on each alternative of all attributes. The programming language used is PHP, while the database used is MySQL. The method used to test this system is black box testing method. Based on manual calculations as a comparison with the calculation of the system built, it can be obtained same results for its value. In addition, the results of ranking was obtained, where the alternative manual calculation that has the highest value is Fadila with a vector value of 1.00.
A Woman with Red Edematous Erythema of the Face: A Quiz
Authors: Zhang Hong-yang , Li Zheng-xiu
Published: August 2024

Abstract is missing (Quiz)
Review: Laser shock processing technique on the additive manufactured metallic alloys
Authors: Lin Xingze , Liang Chuangjian , Li Yinghua , Geng Yu , Chen Zewei , Zhao Yongjie , Chen Xinhui , Wu Jiajun , Wu Shanji
Published: August 2024

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an efficient method to fabricate components with complex geometries. However, high levels of tensile residual stress generated in the near-surface layer of the fabricated components due to the high cooling rate and large thermal gradients during the AM process have limited their applications. Laser shock processing (LSP) is a novel surface-strengthening technique applied to modify the near-surface of metallic materials with the purpose of improving mechanical properties such as microhardness, residual stress, wear resistance, and fatigue performance. There are more and more investigations to report the combining manufacturing process of metallic alloys through AM and LSP. In this perspective, the fundamental mechanisms of AM and LSP were summarized in detail. The combining manufacturing process with LSP and AM was introduced from the aspect of residual stress, microhardness, fatigue performance, wear resistance, and microstructure evolution. Also, the microstructure-property relationship was discussed to explain the strengthening mechanism of AMed components by LSP. This work has important reference value and guidance significance for researchers to widespread the accepted LSP as a postprocessing method in the fields of AM.
Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Patients Attending at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Dessie, Amhara Region, Northeastern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case–Control Study
Authors: A* Yimer
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The incidence of chronic kidney disease is rise, primarily due to its asymptomatic natures of the disease and poor access to early detection and management services. In Ethiopia, little is known about the context-specific risk factors. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of chronic kidney diseases in Northeast Ethiopia, focusing on patients attending Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2022. Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was employed among chronic kidney diseases patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, from May 10 to July 15/2022. Cases were all patients who were diagnosed with chronic kidney diseases at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital while controls were patients without chronic kidney diseases. For each case, two controls were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire with the support of a document review was used to collect the data. The data were entered into Epi data version 4.6 and exported to Stata version 14 software for analysis. During bivariable logistic regression analysis, variables having p-value <0.2 were entered and analyzed by multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors associated with chronic kidney diseases. Statistical differences were considered at P < 0.05, and the strength of association was assessed by adjusted odds ratio and respective confidence intervals. Results: A total of 78 cases and 156 controls were included in this study. This study revealed that factors such as being male [AOR: 2.54, 95%CI (1.125- 5.754)], the presence of hypertension [AOR: 5.33, 95%CI (2.107-13.489)], diabetic-mellitus [AOR: 3.64,95%CI (1.530- 8.671)], kidney stone [AOR: 3.91,95%CI (1.492-10.257)], and underground water source usage [AOR: Open Access Journal of Urology & Nephrology 2 Yimer A, et al. Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Patients Attending at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Dessie, Amhara Region, Northeastern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case–Control Study. J Urol Nephrol 2024, 9(3): 000259. Copyright© Yimer A, et al. 2.63,95%CI (1.108-6.262] were statistically significantly associated factors with chronic kidney diseases. Conclusion: In our study, being male, the presence of hypertension, diabetic mellitus, diagnosis with a kidney stone, and underground water usage were an independent risk factors of chronic kidney diseases. Therefore, policy-makers, health care providers, and other stakeholders should emphasize the aforementioned factors to forestall the development and progression of the disease. Furthermore, routine urinalysis and glomerular filtration rate for all hospitalized patients with hypertension and diabetes-mellitus could help to detect chronic kidney diseases at an early stage.
Studi In-Vitro Efektifitas Grain Kefir dengan Kombinasi Sorbitol Terhadap Pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Sutanti Viranda , Rachmawati Yuanita Lely , Putra Bintang Vallentino Nugraha , Pangestu Herlambang
Published: August 2024

Karies gigi adalah penyakit kronis jaringan keras gigi yang disebabkan oleh Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans). Berbagai metode termasuk aplikasi pasta gigi, senyawa antibakteri dan obat kumur yang mengandung fluoride bersama dengan penggunaan pemanis yang tidak dapat difermentasi seperti sorbitol telah disarankan untuk mengurangi aktivitas bakteri ini. Pada studi ekologi mulut telah mengkonfirmasi efektifitas bakteri probiotik dalam mengurangi jumlah S. mutans. Grain kefir merupakan salah satu produk probiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat efektifitas grain kefir murni dan kombinasi dengan sorbitol terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Biologi Oral Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Brawijaya pada bulan Januari-Februari 2023. Dilakukan uji KHM (Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum) menggunakan uji tabung dan KBM (Konsentrasi Bakterisidal Minimum) menggunakan colony counter. Penentuan konstrasi perlakukan diawali dengan uji pendahuluan grain kefir murni konsentrasi 3,125% dan 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50% dan 100%. Nilai KHM grain kefir murni uji pendahuluan terhadap S.mutans pada konsentrasi 12,5%. Pada konsentrasi perlakuan didapatkan nilai KHM grain kefir murni adalah 15% dan kombinasi grain kefir-sorbitol terhadap S.mutans yaitu pada konsentrasi 12,5%. Nilai KBM grain kefir murni didapatkan pada konsentrasi 15% dan kombinasi grain kefir-sorbitol pada konsentrasi 12,5%. Kombinasi grain kefir-sorbitol dapat menurunkan pertumbuhan S. mutans pada konsentrasi 12,5%.
Analysis of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1a and Intercellular Adhesive Molecule-1 on Clinical Findings in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Patients
Authors: Victor Andi Arus , Gondhowiardjo Tjahjono D , Dharma Rahayuningsih , Jusman Sri W. A.
Published: August 2024

The aim of the study is to examine the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) and intercellular adhesive molecule (ICAM-1) in clinical findings found in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The clinical findings are; the duration of retinal detachment, retinal quadrants involvement, and the severity of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). A cross sectional study was conducted, with 34 consecutive vitreous sample were obtained from dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM), from October 2015 to October 2016. The samples were taken from RRD patient who received vitrectomy in the hospital. There were no significant difference between the ICAM-1 and HIF-1a levels to the clinical findings that is measured; duration of retinal detachment (p>0.05), extent of retinal detachment area (p>0.05) and severity of PVR (p>0.05). However, there is a significant mean difference of ICAM-1 level on the duration of retinal detachment, where < 1 week group has higher mean 49.71, (SD 49.54) than the other group, as well as in the retinal quadrants groups (2nd quadrant 19.42 (SD 2.49) and also in severity of PVR groups (PVR B 35.42, SD 30.13). The results from HIF-1a level on each sub group were insignificant. The level of ICAM-1 and HIF-1a cannot be used as predictor of the clinical findings found in the patients. ICAM-1 levels tend to be high on patients whose diagnosed with retinal detachment early, with smaller area of detachment (2nd quadrant) and lower PVR levels (PVR B). The level of HIF-1a shows a consistent pattern with minimal difference in between the sub groups.
Efektivitas Terapi Akupunktur terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri dan Perbaikan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Fibromialgia
Authors: Nareswari Irma , Pekerti Fransisca , Wahdini Sri
Published: August 2024

Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi timbulnya sindrom fibromialgia yang mengakibatkan pengobatan fibromialgia harus dilakukan secara holistik dan komprehensif. Terapi akupunktur merupakan salah satu terapi non farmakologis yang direkomendasikan oleh European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR). Tinjauan kasus berbasis bukti ini disusun untuk mengkaji efektivitas akupunktur terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri dan perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien fibromialgia. Pencarian dilakukan di dua basis data yaitu PubMed dan Scopus. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah “acupuncture”, “acupuncture therapy”, “fibromyalgia”, “fatigue syndrome, chronic”, “pain intensity”, “pain severity”. Telaah kritis dilakukan sesuai dengan panduan dari University of Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. Didapatkan empat artikel yang sesuai dengan pertanyaan klinis. Terapi akupunktur secara signifikan menunjukkan perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien fibromialgia serta menurunkan intensitas nyeri dengan efek samping yang minimal. Terapi akupunktur dapat menjadi salah satu pilihan terapi non farmakologis yang memberikan efek yang baik untuk memperbaiki nyeri serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien fibromialgia.
Adenoma Pleomorfik di Tonsil: Kasus Langka
Authors: Pelealu Olivia Claudia , Hamida Deta
Published: August 2024

Adenoma pleomorfik adalah gambaran tumor jinak secara histopatologis yang dapat ditemukan di  kelenjar liur, kelenjar parotis, kelenjar submandibular, kelenjar palatina minor dan kelenjar bukal minor. Pada makalah ini dilaporkan kasus adenoma pleomorfik di tonsil pada perempuan berusia 38 tahun dengan keluhan rasa tersumbat di tenggorok sejak 1 tahun lalu. Pasien sulit menelan tanpa disertai rasa nyeri saat menelan. Demam, batuk, flu, keluar darah dari telinga, hidung, mulut dan gangguan pendengaran disangkal. Pada pemeriksaan orofaring didapatkan T4/T3, hingga menutupi uvula. Pada pemeriksaan leher, tidak tampak pembesaran dan pada saat palpasi leher tidak teraba pembesaran kelenjar getah bening. Dilakukan biopsi jaringan di tonsil dengan hasil adenoma pleomorfik dan tidak ada keganasan sehingga dilakukan tonsilektomi pada kedua tonsil. Pengangkatan kedua tonsil diharapkan dapat mencegah rekurensi dan diferensiasi ke arah keganasan. Dengan laporan kasus ini diharapkan kewaspadaan dokter pada pembesaran tonsil.
Inkontinensia Urin pada Perempuan
Authors: Djusad Suskhan
Published: August 2024

Inkontinensia Urin (IU) merupakan kondisi pasien yang tidak dapat menahan keluarnya urin atau keluarnya urin secara involunter. Faktor risiko IU adalah usia, status hormonal dan menopause, obesitas, diabetes melitus tipe 2, PPOK, merokok, persalinan per vaginam, ras, serta riwayat keluarga/genetik. Jenis IU dapat dibedakan menjadi transien dan murni; IU murni  dibagi menjadi tipe tekanan, desakan, overflow, dan kontinu. Diagnosis IU ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik umum dan khusus, voiding diary, dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Tata laksana meliputi terapi konservatif dengan latihan Kegel dan pemasangan pesarium serta pembedahan antara lain dengan prosedur kolporafi anterior atau sling pubovaginal. Program intervensi harus menargetkan pasien dan suaminya agar menyesuaikan diri dengan kondisi sehingga dapatmeningkatkan kualitas hidup secara efektif.
Dynamics of Quarter Life Crisis in the Perspective of Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram
Authors: Zharifa Farahdita Salma , Magistravia Esa Geniusa Religiswa , Febrianti Rizky Amelia , Jati Riskhi Pratama Kusuma Arum , Maharani Septiana Dwiputri
Published: August 2024

Quarter Life Crisis is a crisis that is often experienced in emerging adulthood. College students are one of the most vulnerable to this crisis due to various difficulties in the current era. This study examines the dynamics of the quarter life crisis faced by Yogyakarta students and looks at this crisis with Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram perspective's which contains the values ​​and philosophical concepts of Indonesian society. This research also examines alternative solutions of the quarter life crisis based on the Ki Ageng Suryomentaram perspective. The research method is phenomenological qualitative research and library research. The results of this study show that individuals in quarter life crisis feel anxiety about their life followed by some typical behaviors that affect self-functioning. According to Suryomentaram's perspective, the quarter life crisis is related to "Rasa '' and "Karep '' which Mulur mungkret (raise-shrink) causes Bungah (happy) and Susah (Sad). Coping with the quarter life crisis is about self-regulation which in Ki Ageng Suryomentaram is focused on " Pangawikan Pribadi" and "Mawas Diri".
Perintah Komandan Terhadap Bawahan dalam Kasus Penembakan Polisi Duren Tiga Perspektif Filsafat Etika Immanuel Kant
Authors: Fitri Nur Annisa , Arman
Published: August 2024

Richard Eliezer berstatus sebagai justice collaborator mengenai kasus pembunuhan Brigadir Yosua, ia menerangkan bahwa penembakan ini sudah direncanakan oleh terdakwa Ferdy Sambo, sebagaimana keterangannya dalam persidangan. Namun, setelah mereka berstatus tersangka, Ferdy Sambo menolak dengan tegas mengenai penjelasan Richard, pembunuhan ini tidak direncanakan, bahkan ia mengatakan pada saat terjadi penembakan, ia memerintahkan Richard untuk menghajar bukan menembak. Adanya dua versi cerita yang berbeda memberikan sudut pandang bahwa dalam penelitian ini melihat ke dua arah keterangan yang berbeda. Pada penelitian ini penulis akan menganalisis terkait perintah atasan terhadap bawahan dengan menggunakan etika Immanuel Kant. Adapun  metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu kualitatif deskriptif, dengan mengumpulkan berbagai macam data sekunder yang relevan dengan permasalahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka. Adapun hasilnya, yakni pandangan Kant mengenai etika yang sesuai dengan kasus ini adalah personal otonomi (kebebasan manusIa), dalam teori tersebut dijelaskan bahwa semua manusia di muka bumi harus otonom dan bebas termasuk Richard Eliezer, tetapi mereka dibingkai oleh satuan dalam hal ini Polri. Ketaatan bawahan terhadap atasan selalu ada dalam kebudayaan Polisi, sehingga sering terdengar kalimat siap Komandan. Dengan demikian, membuat bawahan sulit untuk melakukan penolakan terhadap atasan.
Pendidikan Holistik: Perspektif Filsafat Sufisme dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum
Authors: Maghfiroh Ana Minniswatil , Akhyak Akhyak
Published: August 2024

Pendidikan Holistik merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran secara keseluruhan baik secara sosial, emosional, spritual dan juga moral (karakter). Pendidikan holistik ini dianggap mampu dalam menjawab tantangan yang ada di dunia pendidikan dimana masih ada lembaga yang hanya berfokus kepada akademik saja, dengan adanya penggabungan pendidikan holistik dengan pendekatan sufisme dipandang dapat menciptakan pembelajaran yang lebih efisien dan juga inovatif. Hal itu dapat diimplementasikan di lembaga pendidikan Islam dalam pengembangan kurikulum dimana pengembangan kurikulum sendiri  juga penting untuk dilakukan secara terus menerus sesuai kebutuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bahwa pendidikan holistik mampu diciptakan dengan pendekatan sufisme melalui  pengembangan kurikulum. Metode yang dilakukan adalah metode library research. Penelitian kepustakaan adalah sebuah metode yang tidak mengharuskan peneliti terjun langsung ke lapangan, melainkan mencari datanya melalui karya-karya tulis ilmiah, seperti jurnal, buku, artikel. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa pendidikan holistik dengan pendekatan sufisme dalam pengembangan kurikulum mampu memberikan dampak yang baik bagi peserta didik itu sendiri teruta dalam spiritual, sosial, dan moral.