bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beliefs versus Reality: People Overestimate the Actual Dishonesty of Others
Authors: Martuza Jareef , Thorbjørnsen Helge , Sjåstad Hallgeir
Published: June 2024

Beliefs about the dishonesty of other people can shape our collective behavior. How accurate are these beliefs? And do we believe that other people are similarly, more, or less dishonest than they truly are? In a research program on moral decision-making consisting of 31 different effects from 11 experiments (N = 8,127), initially designed to test a broad collection of different hypotheses, participants were placed in various situations where they could lie for personal gain, without repercussions or detection risk. Crucially, we also asked all participants to estimate what percentage of other people would lie in a similar situation. Conducting an internal meta-analysis across all experiments, including both incentivized choice experiments and hypothetical marketplace scenarios, the results reveal a substantial overestimation of others' dishonesty by an average of 14 percentage points (meta-analytic effect: Hedge’s g = 0.58). That is, people are less dishonest than we tend to think, in which about 70% of our participants told the truth despite having a financial incentive to lie. These findings illustrate a pervasive tendency to overestimate the actual dishonesty of other people, suggesting a biased belief that the world is less moral than it truly is. Does belief accuracy matter? In a new experiment using an information treatment based on our meta-analytic results (N = 981), providing correct information about actual honesty levels did not only lead to more positive honesty beliefs, but also to a broader enhancement of pro-social expectations – including higher interpersonal trust, higher fairness and helpfulness beliefs, and reduced cynicism.
Heightened demand for mental health information resources during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Germany: A retrospective longitudinal analysis of helpline calls
Authors: Zippelius Jil , Schreynemackers Simon , Hegerl Ulrich , Reich de Paredes Hanna
Published: June 2024

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic precipitated disruptions and limitations in medical services which led to changes in help-seeking behaviour. There was a surge the demand for crisis hotlines. The “Info-Telefon Depression”, a hotline primarily focused on offering information about depressive disorders rather than crisis intervention. This study investigated the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on hotline usage trends through a time-series analysis.Methods: Based on longitudinal data from 2018 to 2022 predictive models were developed for caller trends on the Info-Telefon Depression. These predictive models were validated by comparing the anticipated caller volumes with actual observations. Unique weekly seasonality parameters were assigned to the lockdown phases to capture anticipated variations in calling patterns. Furthermore, rolling back cross-validation was employed to iteratively assess mean absolute errors over one-month periods during the pre-phase, the SARS-CoV-2-phase and the post-phase to explore variations in forecast quality across these timeframes. Results: There were 56 more calls observed during the first lockdown phase than anticipated by the forecast model, a statistically significant finding (P< 0.005). During the second lockdown phase, the difference was even greater (P< 0.005) with 262 calls more than expected. The modelling accuracy of the prophet models has differences between the phases indicating that the SARS-CoV-2-phase has a different dynamic. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that information-seeking behaviour changed during the pandemic, especially during the lockdown phases. In the event of health crises, more resources must be allocated to meet the increased demand for mental health services. Further research needs to explore the pandemic preparedness and crisis readiness.
परालको आगो कथामा अनुभूति संरचना
Authors: अधिकारी अनिल , तिमल्सेना बाबुराम
Published: June 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा “परालको आगो” कथाको समाजशास्त्रीय विश्लेषण भएको छ भने उक्त समस्या समाधानका लागि गुणात्मक अनुसन्धानविधि, पाठविश्लेषण ढाँचा र विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग भएको छ । यस लेखको सैद्धान्तिक आधार साहित्यको समाजशात्रीय अध्ययनपद्धतिअन्तर्गत अनुभूतिको संरचना हो । साहित्यको समाजशास्त्रीय विश्लेषणका लागि मार्क्सवादी दर्शनको योगदान रहेको छ भने यसको उत्तरवर्ती व्याख्याका क्रममा वर्ग र वर्गसमाजभित्रै हुने सङ्घर्ष र त्यसको विवेचना गर्ने अनुशासन अनुभूतिको संरचना हो । यस सिद्धान्तमा स्रष्टाले सृजनाभित्र समाजमा रहेका मुख्य तीनपिँढीका बीचको पारस्परिक सम्बन्ध र सङ्घर्ष, तिनका क्रियाकलापजन्य परिस्थिति तथा त्यस प्रक्रियामा समुदायले अनुभव गर्ने विशिष्ट दवावजन्य अनुभूतिको अभिव्यक्ति पिँढी एवम् तिनका अनुभूतिको अध्ययनबाट समाजमा विद्यमान सांस्कृतिक स्थिति र सामाजिक व्यवस्थाका दिशा एवम् प्रक्रिया कसरी प्रस्तुत भएको छ भन्ने पक्षको खोजी गरिन्छ । यस लेखमा यही मान्यताको परिधिमा रही परालको आगो कथामा नेपाली समाजमा अशिक्षा र आर्थिक पछौटेपनका कारण व्याप्त वर्गीयता, असमानता, अन्धविश्वास एवम् रूढीग्रस्त पर्यावरणमा जीवन व्यतित गर्ने ग्रामीण नेपाली नागरिकको यथार्थ प्रतिबिम्बन भएको विषयमा विमर्श भएको छ । अशिक्षाका कारण अविकसित सामाजिक प्रथा परम्परालाई चिर्न नसक्ने दीनहीन असंस्कृत जीवनलाई नियतिका रूपमा अङ्गीकार गरी जीवनको आधार खोज्ने पिँढीबाट नवीन एवम् वैकल्पिक संस्कृतिको निर्माण असम्भव रहेको तथा तत्जन्य कार्य नहुनुको पछाडि अपरिवर्तनगामी अशिक्षित ग्रामीण नेपाली समाज रहेको पक्षमा विवेचना भएको छ ।
An Exploratory Study of Borderline and Narcissistic Personality Disorder among Alcohol Consumers
Authors: Khadka Chetan
Published: June 2024

The rising prevalence of alcoholism has prompted numerous studies investigating its co- occurrence with mental health disorders. This research investigates the connection between alcohol dependency and the co-occurrence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) traits in individuals residing in Biratnagar. It aims to assess the prevalence of BPD and NPD symptoms in alcohol consumers using an exploratory quantitative research design. The sample consisted of 100 respondents from ward number 12 of Biratnagar Metropolitan City. BPD is associated with an addictive personality, extending beyond substances, while NPD involves distorted perceptions of one’s life and others; opinions. Non-probability sampling methods were used due to the absence of official records on alcoholics in the city. Findings suggest a low likelihood of developing BPD in individuals with alcohol dependency, and alcohol consumption does not significantly contribute to the development of NPD. This research offers valuable insights into the correlation between alcohol consumption and personality disorders, shedding light on potential directions for future studies and potential clinical strategies. The research provides a foundation for improved clinical practices, future research directions, and community-based efforts to address alcohol dependency and its connection to personality disorders in Biratnagar. It underscores the need for a holistic approach to mental health and substance abuse, recognizing the complexities of individual experiences and needs
Factors Influencing Nursing as a Career among Nursing Students at Biratnagar
Authors: Chongbang Monita , Bhandari Menuka
Published: June 2024

Nursing personnel provide independent and team-based care to people of all ages, families, groups, and communities, whether ill or healthy, and in all settings. This includes promoting health, preventing illness, and providing care to the elderly, disabled, and terminally ill. Nurses play a crucial part in healthcare in hospitals and during emergencies and are frequently the unacknowledged heroes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors that nursing students at Biratnagar Nursing Campus use to decide on their career path.
A descriptive study design was chosen. The study was conducted at the Biratnagar Nursing Campus which is located in Morang, Nepal. A total of 89 Proficiency certificate-level (PCL) nursing students from Biratnagar Nursing Campus were considered as the study sample. The census method was used in the study. A pretested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the frequency and percentage of the data.
The findings of the study has shown that self-interest was one of the most important intrinsic factors influencing their decision to choose nursing as a career. Public support for the nursing profession was a significant extrinsic factor in the decision to pursue a career. The influential element in choosing nursing as a career was family recommendations.
Impact of Financial Leverage on the Performance of Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: Dulal Ambika Prasad , Katwal Subash Kumar , Khan Md. Samim
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of bank leverage on performance (profitability) of Nepalese commercial banks. Banks are highly leveraged institutions; so, it is an important task to measure the relation between banks’ degree of financial leverage and performance. The sample size of this quantitative research guided by positivist research philosophy was twenty commercial banks of Nepal. The study has sought to explore the relationship between independent variable (debt ratio, DR & debt equity ratio, DER) and the dependent variables (net interest margin, NIM, return on assets, ROA, & return on equity, ROE). Bank performance was measured by ROA, NIM and ROE. These variables are the indicators of bank profitability and DR and DER are the indicators of leverage. The econometric method was applied in the study to investigate the relationship of financial leverage with performance of commercial banks. The study period covered ten years from 2012/13 to 2020/21. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation, simple regression, and multiple regression. Financial leverage was proxied by debt ratio and debt to equity ratio. The bank performance was measured by net interest margin, return on assets and return on equity. The results showed nonlinear relation between bank leverage and performance. It indicates that the bank management should pay attention while employing the borrowed funds to expand their business and operations.
Neurocysticercosis as a first seizure in a 5 years old child: A case report
Authors: Chaudhary Jenith , Niroula Sudip
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by Taenia solium, a pig tapeworm. Humans acquired the infection via contaminated food, water, and poor hygiene. NCC has different clinical manifestations based on their location, like focal deficits, headaches, seizures, hydrocephalus, etc. Diagnosis can be made based on radio-imaging findings, supported by laboratory assays. The treatment plan includes the control of symptoms with the initiation of anti-parasitic medications, corticosteroids, and surgery as indicated based on the location of the NCC. NCC is a preventable disease, proper hygiene and sanitation, intake of properly cooked meals are helpful. Early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment play a crucial role in the management of NCC with good outcomes.
“From Savagery through Barbarism to Civilization”: (North) American Historians, Spanish Conquistadores, and the Fate of the Amerindians in the New World, 1840s–1960s
Authors: Berger Mark T.
Published: June 2024

This article looks at the (North) American historiography on Spanish America with a particular focus on the fate of the Amerindians from the 1840s to the early 1960s. For over a century, (North) American historians routinely romanticized the Spanish conquest, while also routinely scorning the indigenous population (as well as mestizos and blacks), and embracing the rising pseudo-scientific Anglo-Saxon racism of the day. Down to the 1960s, (North) American historians by and large viewed Amerindians as savages and barbarians, while they interpreted the history of the Spanish conquistadores and their successors in ways that held Western civilization itself up as the main colonial heritage in the Americas (north and south).
“Patriarchy … Always Plays a Role”: Gender, Politics, and the Lewis Family
Authors: Lexier Roberta
Published: June 2024

The story of the Lewis family is generally told from the perspective of men: David, Stephen, and Avi; this article reorients the traditional narrative to examine the often overlooked and undervalued contributions of the women to the institutional and extra-parliamentary left in Canada. It demonstrates that, despite the barriers imposed by a patriarchal system, Sophie Lewis helped develop both the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and New Democratic Party (NDP); daughter Janet (Solberg) organized much of the Ontario wing and numerous successful election campaigns; daughter-in-law Michele (Landsberg) forced social democrats (and many others) to grapple with gender inequality; and granddaughters Ilana (Landsberg-Lewis), Jenny, and Naomi (Klein) continue to fight publicly for social justice around the world. It argues that these women, and many others, deserve recognition for their important work in Canadian politics and society.
Franco-Americans and Racial Discourse in Historical Perspective
Authors: Lacroix Patrick
Published: June 2024

French Canadian immigrants to the United States and their Franco-American descendants faced discrimination and marginalization due to their religious faith, their language, and their customs. From the late nineteenth century to the Second World War, they occupied an ambiguous place in the country’s ethnic and racial landscape. Their uncertain status resulted from their dual identity as a people of Western European descent and as North American settlers whose racial belonging was contested. Steering through that ambiguity and seeking a full-fledged whiteness, Franco-Americans at times accepted the racial litmus tests established by the dominant Anglo-Saxon group, not least by distancing themselves from East Asian migrants, African Americans, and Indigenous peoples.
Trombos de Strongylus vulgaris aderidos na valva semilunar aórtica e aorta em equino
Authors: Bernardes Pavan Ana Luíza , Da Silva Gabriela Oliveira Lamarca , Magalhães Larissa Fernandes , Carrijo Micaela Silva , De Morais Bianca Costa , Paulino Júnior Daniel , De Almeida Maysa Barbosa , Vasconcelos Caio Rafael Siqueira , De Sá Lívia Maria Dias , Rosa Júnior Mazurquiedisk Nunes , Casas Vitor Foroni
Published: June 2024

Intestinal parasitic infections are one of the main debilitating conditions that affect horses. Grazing, natural habits, breeding methods and the unrestrained use of dewormers favor the development of parasites, make their control difficult and cause parasite resistance to commonly used active ingredients. Parasites, in addition to causing economic losses directly related to pathologies and clinical manifestations such as reduced performance and development of the affected animals, can favor the development of other conditions such as colic syndrome, among others. Among the species that affect the equines, the most prominent parasite is Strongylus vulgaris, which, during its evolutionary cycle, migrates through the animal’s body through blood vessels, and can affect different systems, explaining its important pathogenesis. The formation of thrombi in important vessels within the organism of parasitized animals is notable, which is sufficient for the development of other pathologies.
Investigación sobre calidad en educación superior en Chile: un estudio bibliométrico
Authors: Villanueva Pablo , Muñoz Patricio , Llano Ayoroa Patricia , Guajardo Alex
Published: June 2024

The concept of quality in higher education is broad and complex. Achieving quality education is the foundation for sustainable development. One of the most commonly used standards for its evaluation are research activities on the subject. Bibliometric studies contribute to this by highlighting trends or underexplored aspects. Few studies analyze the state of scientific production on the quality of higher education in Chile. This study aims to describe the scientific output related to the quality of higher education in Chile. A longitudinal descriptive bibliometric analysis on 154 publications collected from Google Scholar between the years 2002 and 2021 was conducted. The results were the following: 1) The number of publications has increased over time; 2) Most of the publications are research studies; 3) The majority of publications in this field is mainly produced by a few authors affiliated with certain national university institutions; 4) Most of the publications focus on institutional aspects of quality management in higher education. It is concluded that the topic is relevant, with concentrated production oriented towards policies on the quality of higher education.
Conciliar el rol de directoras y el cuidado del hogar desde el conflicto: la experiencia de las directoras escolares chilenas
Authors: Carrasco Andrea , Montoya Claudio
Published: June 2024

A pesar de que en los cargos directivos escolares en Chile las mujeres representan el 66% (Mineduc, 2023), siguen enfrentando desafíos significativos en su carrera profesional, especialmente vinculados a la conciliación entre trabajo y familia. Este artículo examina los resultados de una encuesta realizada a 313 directoras escolares en la Región Metropolitana, para identificar su capacidad de conciliación entre el rol profesional (directoras escolares) y la vida privada (cuidado del hogar). Los hallazgos revelan que una mayor experiencia en el cargo directivo está asociada con una mejor percepción en torno a la conciliación. Por el contrario, las directoras con hijos menores de 18 años presentan niveles más bajos de conciliación y se sienten menos satisfechas con esta situación. En el artículo se concluye que, en general, las directoras consideran que logran conciliar su rol como directoras escolares con el cuidado del hogar, pero no sin costo, ya que las tareas directivas tienen prioridad sobre las demandas familiares. Por tanto, el ámbito familiar es el que más resiente el costo de la conciliación.
FEAR IN BONGOLAND
Authors: Sommers Marc
Published: June 2024

Spurred by wars and a drive to urbanize, Africans are crossing borders and overwhelming cities in unprecedented numbers. At the center of this development are young refugee men who migrate to urban areas. This volume, the first full-length study of urban refugees in hiding, tells the story of Burundi refugee youth who escaped from remote camps in central Tanzania to work in one of Africa's fastest-growing cities, Dar es Salaam. This steamy, rundown capital would seem uninviting to many, particularly for second generation survivors of genocide whose lives are ridden with fear. But these young men nonetheless join migrants in "Bongoland" (meaning "Brainland") where, as the nickname suggests, only the shrewdest and most cunning can survive. Mixing lyrics from church hymns and street vernacular, descriptions of city living in cartoons and popular novels and original photographs, this book creates an ethnographic portrait of urban refugee life, where survival strategies spring from street smarts and pastors' warnings of urban sin, and mastery of popular youth culture is highly valued. Pentecostalism and a secret rift within the seemingly impenetrable Hutu ethnic group are part of the rich texture of this contemporary African story. Written in accessible prose, this book offers an intimate picture of how Africa is changing and how refugee youth are helping to drive that change.
Спектры флуктуаций параметров плазмы солнечного ветра вблизи фронта ударной волны
Authors: Сапунова О. В. , Бородкова Н. Л. , Ермолаев Ю. И. , Застенкер Г. Н.
Published: June 2024

Исследуются характеристики спектров мощности флуктуаций плотности протонов и альфа-частиц вблизи фронта межпланетной и околоземной ударной волны. Были посчитаны частоты излома спектров мощности флуктуаций концентрации протонов и альфа-частиц перед и за рампом околоземной ударной волны (ОЗУВ) и межпланетной ударной волны (МУВ). Для возмущенного солнечного ветра за рампом МУВ частота излома спектра флуктуаций протонов оказалась заметно выше (в среднем 1.3 Гц), чем в невозмущенной области (~0.8–1.0 Гц), что объясняется увеличением как скорости, так и концентрации частиц. В случае альфа-частиц частота излома спектра флуктуаций за фронтом МУВ также повышалась – почти в два раза (от 0.7 до 0.12 Гц). Показано, что среднее значение частоты излома спектров протонов за рампом ОЗУВ меньше (0.6 Гц), чем в солнечном ветре (1.0 Гц), ввиду меньшей скорости. Для альфа-частиц этот эффект статистически не был обнаружен из-за увеличения концентрации (0.11 Гц для обеих областей) в случае ОЗУВ.
Tectonic displacements of the Nansen basin sedimentary cover: causes and consequences
Authors: Sokolov S. Yu. , Agranov G. D. , Kulikov V. A. , Zayonchek A. V. , Grokholsky A. L.
Published: June 2024

It is established that faults in the sedimentary cover of the Nansen basin and seismic anomalies of the “flat spot” type associated with the methane accumulation are grouped into three spatial combinations: 1 – synchronized faults and spots, 2 – spots without faults, 3 – faults without spots. They are distributed mainly between linear magnetic anomalies C20 and C12 over negative variations of the lithosphere density with depths up to ~25–30 km and lateral periodicity ~50 km. The genesis of combination 1 is provided by serpentinization of upper mantle rocks in the presence of water that has depth penetration through previously formed tectonic displacements, an increase in the rock volume and local rise of crystalline blocks, leading to the formation of faults of thrust kinematics, crossing the entire sedimentary cover from the acoustic basement to the ocean bottom. Combination 2 consists in the predominance of “flat spots” also of fluid genesis in the absence of faults, which, with a rare seismic observations, may be missed and not appear in the plane of the sections. Combination 3 consists in the presence of faults without “flat spots” with a spatial step of ~ 10 km above the highs of the acoustic basement. In the Bouguer anomalies this combination is manifested over ~80 km depression of ~25 mGal depth, comparable to the gravity depth under the axis of the Gakkel ridge. This is not due to the linear structure of the ridge, but, perhaps, to a single upper mantle plume. From this follows the mechanism of faults formation above it, associated not with serpentinization, but with the rise of the plume body to the surface. Physical modeling of the structure formation during the slowdown of the spreading rate, which took place in the range C20–C12, showed that the amplitude of the relief drops increases greatly. Comparison with a real acoustic basement shows the similarity of its relief in the corresponding time intervals of spreading slowdown with the areas of relief change in the physical model. The increase in the amplitudes of the basement highs is most likely due to the formation of faults that provide the circulation of water necessary for serpentinization.
Spinel lherzolites of the Northern Kraka massif (Southern Urals): first REE ID-ICP-MS,87Sr/86Sr AND147Sm-143Nd AL ID-TIMS isotope constrains
Authors: Ronkin Yu. L. , Chashchukhin I. S. , Puchkov V. N.
Published: June 2024

The results of a REE ID-ICP-MS,86Sr/87Sr and147Sm-143Nd AL ID-TIMS study of the isotope systematics of spinel lherzolites from the northern Kraka massif, which is part of the largest (more than 900 km2) lherzolite allochthon thrust over the bathyal and shelf deposits of the passive continental margin, East European platform are presented. As a result, an isochron dependence (MSWD = 0.85) was revealed for the first time, which determines the age of 545±26 Ma and the high value of the initial ratio (143Nd/144Nd)0 = 0.512390±0.000054, corresponding, within the framework of model representations, to εNd = +8.9. The resulting REE,87Sr/86Sr, and147Sm-143Nd isotopic signatures indicate the melting of an already depleted protolith, which can be identified as a mantle source, with MORB-like parameters. The isochron age calculated in the framework of the147Sm-143Nd AL ID-TMS study, in combination with the available complex of geological and geochemical data, allows us to state the manifestation of the Late Vendian phase (epoch) of folding and orogeny in the Urals in the interval of 545 ± 26 Ma. Comparison of these data with materials on the geology of Central and Western Europe makes it possible to correlate the Timanid structures formed as a result of this phase of folding with Cadomides, which ultimately, based on global reconstructions of continents for the end of the Proterozoic, will authorize the hypothesis of the existence of the Cadomian orogen on the periphery of Gondwana.
Late cretaceous granitoids of the Mainitsky terren (Eastern Koryak Highlands): age, geochemical features and geodynamics
Authors: Moiseev A. V. , Luchitskaya M. V. , Palechek T. N. , Sokolov S. D. , Razumnyj A. V. , Aksenov S. V. , Mal’ceva A. V.
Published: June 2024

New U-Pb geochronological and geochemical data for granitoids of the Mainitsky terrane of the Koryak folded region are presented. It is shown that granitoids cut the folded-thrust structures of the Mainitsky terrane, which include ophiolites of the Late Paleozoic – Late Mesozoic and volcanogenic-siliceous-terrigenous deposits of the Middle Jurassic – the Turonian. Granitoids correspond to low-alkaline quartz diorites and I-type granodiorites, are part of the Late Cretaceous volcanic-plutonic association and indicate their formation in a convergent margin. The U-Pb ages of zircons are 82–90 million years.
Global carbon cycle response to external forcing
Authors: Savina K. D. , Eliseev A. V. , Mokhov I. I.
Published: June 2024

The characteristic temporal scales of response of the globally averaged climate model with the carbon cycle to external influences with the analysis of the spectrum of the linearized evolution operator of the corresponding dynamical system are evaluated. The model exhibits response time scales of about 4–6 years (related to the carbon dynamics in vegetation) and in the range of 20–100 years (related to the carbon dynamics in non-humified soil reservoirs). When taking into account the effect of humification in the model reveals the time scale of the response, which is on the order of several millennia. For the closed carbon cycle, a time scale of 102 years is revealed, which characterizes the joint changes in the atmospheric and ocean reservoirs. At high universality of the proposed approach it can be used for a wide range of tasks.
Bayesian estimates of snow cover area in Eurasia in the 21st century based on the results of calculations with the CMIP6 ensemble of climate models
Authors: Arzhanov M. M. , Mokhov I. I. , Parfenova M. R.
Published: June 2024

Based on the results of calculations with the ensemble of global climate models CMIP6, quantitative estimates of changes in the area of snow cover in Eurasia in the 21st century were obtained under scenarios SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 of anthropogenic impacts using the Bayesian averaging. The contribution (weight) of the models to the overall ensemble estimates was determined by accuracy of reproduction of the long-term average, trend, and interannual variability of the snow cover area in Eurasia by satellite data. The largest inter-model variations in estimates, the most significant of which were calculated for the summer and autumn months, are associated with the description of the trend component and inter-annual variability of the snow cover area of Eurasia, as well as with equally weighted averaging. It is shown that when using Bayesian weights, the uncertainty of snow cover area estimates can be halved compared to the ensemble average with equal model weights. The obtained ensemble estimates of the snow cover area using combined Bayesian weights exceed the corresponding estimates for equally weighted averaging.
Еволюція уявлень про міжнародні відносини в українському політичному просторі (друга половина ХVІІ – початок ХХ ст.)
Authors: Ластовський Валерій Васильович
Published: June 2024

Мета дослідження полягає передовсім у необхідності проаналізувати еволюцію уявлень в українському політичному та науковому середовищі щодо міжнародних відносин, факторів, що впливали на їх розвиток, із можливістю передбачати майбутній світоустрій. У статті визначаються та характеризуються основні етапи розвитку української політичної думки. Окреслюються умови, в яких ідеї розвиваються, і те, в чому проявляється їх особливість та сутність. До творення цих ідей були причетні представники різних прошарків населення – козацької старшини та духовенства спочатку, а пізніше – української інтелігенції. Зауважується на поглядах таких відомих українських політичних діячів, як Григорій Сковорода, Микола Костомаров, Михайло Драгоманов, Степан Рудницький та ін. В їх ідеях можна помітити елементи як ідеалістичного, так і реалістичного розуміння міжнародних відносин. При цьому важливим моментом слід вважати, що жоден із представників української науки не намагався створити власну цілісну концепцію саме міжнародних відносин. Навпаки, для кожного з них було важливим показати зв’язок між міжнародним життям та долею України і українського суспільства. Стверджується також, що на українські ідеї вплив мали розвиток інтелектуальної думки у Європі та політичні події, що позначалися на формуванні європейського простору. Методологія дослідження базується на системному підході з використанням логічного та порівняльного методів. Це дозволило проаналізувати погляди багатьох українських політичних діячів і науковців, їх появу у відповідний історичний період та зв’язок із поточною суспільною ситуацією. Висновки дослідження вказують на достатньо складний процес еволюції поглядів українського політичного та наукового середовища в теоретичних питаннях щодо міжнародних відносин, вплив на їх розвиток як внутрішніх, так і зовнішніх факторів.
Сутність та класифікація загроз міжнародній безпеці на глобальному рівні
Authors: Слюсаренко Ірина Юріївна
Published: June 2024

У статті проаналізовано тексти резолюцій Першого комітету ГА ООН та виокремлено загрози, які згадуються у зазначених документах за період 2014–2021 рр.
Мета роботи – дослідити сутність загроз безпеці, які містяться саме в текстах резолюцій ГА ООН за період від 2014 до 2021 року, а також здійснити класифікацію виокремлених загроз. У дослідженні використано методи аналізу документів, контент-аналізу та класифікації. Загалом проаналізовано 800 документів. Контент-аналіз англомовних текстів резолюцій Першого комітету ГА ООН дозволив виокремити ті документи, які містили контент, пов’язаний із загрозами. Метод аналізу документів дав змогу виокремити загрози міжнародній безпеці та загрози загалом. Метод класифікації уможливив усі загрози класифікувати за визначеними підходами. Виокремлено два підходи до класифікації загроз: за реалістичністю та потужністю. За реалістичністю загрози, про які йде мова в текстах документів, можна класифікувати як реальні та потенційні. За потужністю впливу можна виокремити наступні типи: найбільша загроза виживанню людства; загроза для людства та усього живого на Землі; загроза для людства та виживання цивілізації; загроза людству; глобальна загроза; загроза міжнародному миру та безпеці; загроза міжнародній безпеці, яка посилюється; загроза миру та безпеці; загроза досягненню цілей сталого розвитку; загроза здоров’ю людей та навколишньому середовищу; загроза миру; загроза безпеці; загроза. На основі проведеного аналізу можна стверджувати, що найчастіше в текстах резолюцій Першого комітету ГА ООН як загроза міжнародній безпеці згадується саме ядерна зброя.
Геокультурні трансформації українців у процесі європейської інтеграції
Authors: Міщенко Алла Борисівна , Пугач Анастасія Вікторівна
Published: June 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню геокультурної трансформації українців, яка відбулася протягом років незалежності щодо зовнішньополітичного курсу розвитку держави. Було визначено, що європейська інтеграція набувала актуалізації серед українців у періоди криз, зокрема Помаранчевої революції 2004 року, Революції гідності 2013–2014 років, а також із початком повномасштабної війни Росії проти України у 2022 році, що максимально консолідувало націю до рівня 90 % підтримки вступу до ЄС і НАТО, зруйнувавши усі інші територіальні та ідеологічні відмінності серед громадян. Використовуючи статистичний і порівняльний методи, вдалося виявити політико-інтеграційні події, які суттєво змінили настрої громадян щодо західного вектора інтеграції. Системний метод дозволив розкрити сутність європейської інтеграції не лише як географічне розширення кордонів, правову імплементованість правил чи забезпечення економічного зростання, а й через сприйняття та включення в соціальні практики базових європейських цінностей (рівності, свободи, демократії, верховенства права тощо), визнання і дотримання яких є ключовим для країн-кандидатів.
Для українців все ще характерні ряд пострадянських цінностей і соціальних практик, орієнтованих на колективістську свідомість та етатистську (патерналістську) парадигму державного управління, неунормовані питання верховенства права, гендерної рівності, толерантності. Водночас дослідження останніх років фіксують індивідуалістські настрої та домінування людиноцентричних ціннісних орієнтирів, що наближає та збільшує шанси України на швидку адаптацію до реальності співжиття з європейськими націями. Відповідно, набула підтвердження гіпотеза, що геокультурна трансформація українців можлива за умови усвідомленої зміни соціальних практик у процесі європейської інтеграції.
POLA PEMBERIAN MP-ASI, PENGETAHUAN GIZI IBU DAN TINGKAT EKONOMI KELUARGA DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING BADUTA USIA 6-24 BULAN
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Nur Aini Fatimah Sahri , Fitriyanti Addina Rizky
Published: June 2024

Ambang batas stunting untuk negara berkembang adalah di bawah 20% sedangkan prevalensi stunting Indonesia 24,4%, Jawa Tengah 20,9% dan Kota Semarang 21,3%. Pemberian MP ASI yang kurang tepat, pengetahuan yang kurang, dan tingkat ekonomi yang rendah berisiko berisiko terhadap kejadian stunting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui risiko pola pemberian MP-ASI, pengetahuan gizi ibu dan tingkat ekonomi keluarga dengan kejadian stunting baduta usia 6-24 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bandarharjo Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dan Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi kuesioner pola pemberian MP-ASI, pengetahuan gizi ibu dan tingkat ekonomi keluarga dengan uji chi square dan Regresi logistic Ganda. Hasil penelitian Balita di bawah 2 tahun (Baduta) yang menerima pola pemberian MPASI kurang tepat memiliki risiko 4,2 kali untuk menderita stunting dibandingkan dengan Baduta yang menerima pola pemberian MPASI secara tepat, dan risiko tersebut secara statistic signifikan. Ibu Baduta yang tergolong berpengetahuan kurang memiliki risiko 1,1 kali untuk mempunyai Baduta stunting dibandingkan dengan ibu Baduta yang berpengetahuan baik, namun risiko tersebut secara statistic tidak signifikan. Keluarga Baduta dengan tingkat ekonomi rendah memiliki resiko 3,2 kali untuk mempunyai Baduta stunting dibandingkan dengan keluarga Baduta dengan tingkat ekonomi tinggi, dan risiko tersebut secara statistic signifikan.
Peran Layanan Instant Messaging Pada Teleradiologi Sebagai Upaya Penegakkan Diagnosis
Authors: Nur Fathoni Mohammad Alif , Anwar M. Choiroel , Setiawan Agung Nugroho
Published: June 2024

Teleradiology (teleradiologi), merupakan bagian dari layanan telemedicine, yang digunakan dengan memanfaatkan PACS sehingga dapat digunakan secara jarak jauh. Perkembangan teknologi memungkinkan teleradiologi dapat menggunakan smartphone sebagai media pengirim dan penampil gambar pemeriksaan sehingga memungkinkan adanya interpretasi hasil dari pemeriksaan radiologi secara cepat dan akurat dalam menegakkan diagnosis. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan tinjauan sistematis (systematic literatur review) ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan layanan perpesanan pada teleradiologi sebagai upaya penegakkan diagnosis. Metode penelusuran jurnal penelitian ini menggunakan Google Scholar, Springer, PubMed, IEEE Xplore dan Elsevier. Pencarian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa kata kunci antara lain teleradiologi, teleradiology, instant messaging, mobilephone, smartphone dengan masa publikasi 2010 hingga 2022. Hasil review dari 16 jurnal didapatkan bahwa penggunaan layanan perpesanan dapat digunakan sebagai media penampil gambar dan penilaian evaluasi dimana tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik antara penilaian standar menggunakan workstation berbasis PACS dengan menggunakan smartphone. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah layanan perpesanan dapat menjadi media penilaian dalam upaya menegakkan diagnosis dan membantu dalam menentukan tindakan yang akan dilakukan. Akan tetapi, saat ini belum dapat menggantikan peranan workstation berbasis PACS sebagai media penilaian dan evaluasi hasil pemeriksaan radiologi.
The Crime of Absolving an Accomplice in a Sin Against the Sixth Commandment of the Decalogue
Authors: Kamiński Rafał
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the issue of the crime of absolving an accomplice in a sin against the sixth commandment of the Decalogue, as defined by the church legislator in Can. 1384 of the Code of Canon Law. It is also included in the catalogue of torts reserved for the judgement of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith. Following the presentation of the objective and subjective elements of the crime, attention is turned to the issue of its punishability. For this to be possible, it is necessary to establish the guilt of the confessor, who must have acted consciously and deliberately. A particular difficulty in establishing the occurrence of a crime is the determination of complicity, which is crucial to the case. In the last part, the author presents some procedural aspects necessary for the conduct of the proceedings aimed at judging the possible perpetrator of the tort in question. The sacrament of penance, which belongs to the forum internum, enjoys special protection in church legislation, which does not allow acts that could violate the sacramental seal of confession.
Constituição da República Portuguesa como orientadora do ilícito de mera ordenação social
Authors: Melro Ana Luísa Rego
Published: June 2024

Mais do que a discussão da verdadeira autonomia do Direito das Contraordenações (até porque esta vem sendo já comummente aceite), interessa perceber qual o papel da Constituição da República Portuguesa (lei fundamental de um Estado de Direito democrático) na definição, implementação e regência da norma (Decreto-Lei n.º 433/82, de 27 de outubro). O artigo traça as linhas gerais do regime, bem como a sua relevância para a lei fundamental, nomeadamente, o artigo 32.º da CRP, quer em termos doutrinais, como jurisprudenciais. Faz-se uma aproximação relativamente à finalidade do legislador constituinte no que ao artigo 32.º da CRP diz respeito e, cm concreto, ao regime do direito contraordenacional aí estabelecido.
IR Sensor based Smart Parking System
Authors:   CVR College of Engineering, Humaira Nishat Dr. , Ahmed Shakeel ,   CVR College of Engineering
Published: June 2024

Nowadays congestion of traffic level increased with the increase in population. As the population increases, the utilization of vehicles also increases. It's becoming a difficult task to find a slot to park the vehicle. To overcome this problem, a smart parking system is introduced. Previously, there were some approaches to this system where Bluetooth and GPS tracker were used to find the empty slots, and different sensors were used for indoor and outdoor parking. In some approaches there was no security for the user’s details. Whereas in the proposed system, every slot has a number which makes it easier for the user to find out the empty slot. IR sensors are used to detect the vehicle and the empty slot is displayed on LCD as well as cloud server where the user’s details are secured. Smart parking system is an IoT based system which includes Raspberry pi, LED display, Cloud Server, Monitor and IR Sensors that are available in each parking slot. The proposed system leverages the advantages of IR sensor technology to accurately detect the presence of vehicles in parking spaces, provides real-time information to the users, and improves overall parking efficiency. The paper discusses the system architecture, sensor deployment strategies, and implementation, thereby showcasing the potential benefits of IR sensor-based smart parking systems. Index Terms: camera, cloud, parking, Raspberry Pi, sensors, vehicles
Enhanced Safety Measures for Accident Prevention in Mountainous Regions
Authors:   JBIT College of Engineering, hekar Reddy V. S
Published: June 2024

In mountainous terrains, road safety is a paramount concern exacerbated by challenging conditions such as sharp turns and obscured visibility due to deep excavations. Forward Collision Warning (FCW) systems, employing ultrasonic sensors, serve as critical tools in identifying potential hazards, including vehicles, and issuing timely alerts to drivers. This paper introduces a controller-based approach integrating Arduino Nano and Atmega328 microcontrollers, with a specific emphasis on ultrasonic sensors, to address accident mitigation on mountainous roadways. Developing nations confront substantial road safety hurdles, with accidents emerging as a primary cause of fatalities. Embracing road design methodologies observed in developed nations like the Netherlands and Denmark holds promise for enhancing safety standards. Notably, buses and trucks are disproportionately vulnerable to accidents owing to deficient safety protocols, leading to significant loss of life. Deploying daytime lighting, high-mounted stop lamps, reflectors, and vivid attire has proven effective in mitigating accidents attributable to poor visibility. The proposed solution advocates for the strategic placement of ultrasonic sensors and LED lights ahead of and following sharp curves, respectively. Upon vehicle detection, the sensor activates the LED light, alerting oncoming traffic and empowering drivers to adjust their speed accordingly. This proactive strategy aims to curtail accidents and elevate road safety levels across mountainous regions. Index Terms: Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Mountainous terrains, high-mounted stop lamps, LED lights.
Coercive estimates for the Laplace-Beltrami operator
Authors:   , Quinn Erin
Published: June 2024

"The layout of the thesis is as follows. In Chapter 1 we review some notation and basic definitions which are relevant to our work, and we prove a partition of unity result. Chapter 2 deals with the theory of integration on surfaces. Here we also show how to define a unit normal TV to a surface which is locally given by graphs of C^k functions, k > 2. For such surfaces we also have a local description of the unit normal 7 to the boundary of a surface. In Chapter 3, we discuss first-order tangential differential operators. Here we also prove that tangential operators annihilate functions which are constant on a surface. We begin Chapter 4 by proving the existence of a distinguished extension to a neighborhood of the surface of the unit normal to a surface. We then introduce the Gauss curvature for a surface and prove that it is actually the divergence of our extension of the unit normal. We finish the chapter by proving some useful properties of a particular family of tangential operators and defining the n x n matrix-valued function R which appears in the identities on surfaces we prove later in the thesis. Chapter 5 focuses on two integration by parts results. In Chapter 6 we prove identity (1.17). This is done using the formalism and properties of a particular family of operators (Dj)^nj = 1 defined here as well as the work done in previous chapters. We finish with Chapter 7 in which we prove Sobolev norm estimates on surfaces for solutions to the Poisson problem for the Laplace-Beltrami operator on surfaces with homogeneous Dirichlet, Neumann, and mixed boundary conditions."--Page 7.
Assessment of the Higher Education System of Kazakhstan and Issues of Its Quality Management
Authors:   1The Branch of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan of Akmola Region, Iskendirova S. , Zeinolla S. ,   German-Kazakh University
Published: June 2024

The modern labor market requires an improvement in the quality of higher education, professional training, and a higher level of qualifications obtained by university graduates. Therefore, the assessment of the higher education system as the main tool for the formation of human capital that meets the requirements of modern realities is of particular importance. The purpose of this study is to identify the main directions of development of the higher education system through the assessment of key performance indicators of higher education institutions in Kazakhstan and the development of recommendations aimed at improving its quality. The article analyzes the main indicators of the higher education system in Kazakhstan, assesses the dynamics of the number of universities, admission, graduation and the number of students, the demand for Kazakhstani universities among foreign students, as well as the teacher-student ratio. An analysis of the income and expenditure of universities and the provision of computer and interactive equipment for training is carried out. It highlights the main problems and substantiates the need to develop a list of factors that explicitly and implicitly affecting the quality of higher education. The study is aimed at finding solutions to the problems faced by the current system of higher education management. Despite the fact that there are systems for collecting statistical information and methods for assessing the quality of higher education, there is still a need to revise them for efficiency, convenience, transparency, and adaptability to new conditions. The solution of these problems through the creation of a new information platform can ensure an increase in access to high-quality higher education, have a positive impact on the development of the educational sector and improve the quality of higher education.
Improving the personnel management system in the context of digital transformation
Authors:   Almaty Management University, Alimkhankyzy Е.
Published: June 2024

The challenges associated with adjusting to the demands of the digital economy for governments, citizens, and businesses present a range of issues necessitating thorough examination and solution-finding. Organizational process management requires a reevaluation to facilitate the digitization of operations and integrate businesses into the digital economic landscape at both national and global levels. Furthermore, the digitalization of personnel management necessitates a reassessment of HR functions to introduce and utilize new tools, enabling the digital transformation of workforce management systems. In the era of societal digitalization, proficiency in digital skills and competencies has become essential. Information literacy, encompassing effective search engine utilization, mastery of search operators, and the ability to swiftly locate credible information sources, forms the cornerstone. Additionally, adeptness in collecting pertinent data and conducting research based on extensive digital datasets is crucial. Categorizing modern employee skills into Hard-skills, Soft-skills, Digital-skills, and Power-skills provides a framework for implementing competency-based approaches in human resources development within organizations operating in the digital economy sphere. The study aims to analyze and establish clear criteria for assessing project effectiveness, outlining the regulatory framework governing costs and revenues related to enhancing personnel management systems across enterprises of diverse industries, sizes, and profiles. Moreover, the authors aim to identify pivotal aspects and challenging scenarios encountered in economic assessments and decision-making processes regarding project financing and implementation.