bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods for laboratory-generation and physico-chemical characterisation of tyre wear particles
Authors: Sivyer Adeline , Tariq Zainab , Langley John , Williams Ian
Published: September 2024

Tyre wear particles are generated by the frictional forces between a tyre and the road during driving. Tyre wear represents one of the biggest sources of synthetic polymer-based material released into the environment, significantly contributing to microplastic pollution and the associated ecological consequences. However, the extent of tyre particle pollution is not fully understood, and research and understanding are hindered by a lack of described chemical compounds that meet all the criteria for an effective marker of tyre particles. The aims of this study were to develop a methodology for generating tyre particles using a pin-on-disc tribometer; and to distinguish the chemical components in the particles – using two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry – to propose a suite of potential markers. The results show that the morphology of the tyre particles reflected that of particles generated in previous literature and during driving. Additionally, the suggested markers were common across the three tyre brands studied here, thus meeting one of the criteria for a successful marker. Future research into measuring the concentration of tyre particles in environmental samples is necessary to understand further their distribution, and assessing the contribution of tyre particles to non-exhaust emissions can inform on future engineering strategies to minimise their release
EFEKTIVITAS PRENATAL GENTLE YOGA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI RSUD BALI MANDARA
Authors: Suciati Ni Made , Purnamayanthi Pande Putu Indah , Mastiningsih Putu , Yunita Udayani Ni Putu Mirah
Published: September 2024

Kehamilan adalah proses yang berkelanjutan dari konsepsi sampai awal persalinan. Perubahan ini dapat menyebabkan ketidak nyamanan pada ibu hamil seperti peningkatan kecemasan. Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang kehamilan dan persalinan membuat
para ibu cemas dan takut. Takut, cemas, dan depresi terkait dengan masalah seperti persalinan prematur dan berat badan lahir rendah. Upaya yang dilakukan mengurangi kecemasan pada ibu hamil yaitu prenatal gentle yoga. Prenatal gentle yoga bagi kehamilan membuat kenyamanan sehingga memberikan banyak manfaat bagi ibu hamil.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Prenatal Gentle Yoga terhadap penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Trimester III di RSUD Bali Mandara.
         Penelitian ini  menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain Pre Experimen design dengan pendekatan one group pre-post test design. Pemilihan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah Ibu Hamil Trimester III yaitu sebanyak 62 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisa menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. Hasil analisis menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai rata-rata tingkat kecemasan pada ibu hamil trimester III sebelum diberikan prenatal gentle yoga pada ibu hamil trimester III yaitu 4,00 menjadi 2,00 sesudah diberikan prenatal gentle yoga, dengan nilai p-value yang didapatkan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, maka dapat dilihat ada perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata tingkat kecemasan pada ibu hamil trimester III sebelum dan sesudah diberikan prenatal gentle yoga. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak yang artinya terdapat Efektifitas   Prenatal Gentle Yoga  Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Trimester III di RSUD Bali Mandara.Bedasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan Ibu Hamil Trimester III dapat mengatasi kecemasan selama kehamilan
Anemia dan Lamanya Proses Persalinan pada ibu bersalin
Authors: Sussantin Nuraini , Mulyadi Eko , Meiri Kurniyati Eka
Published: September 2024

Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang signifikan pada ibu hamil secara global.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk analisis hubungan antara anemia pada ibu bersalin dan durasi prosespersalinan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross-sectional, melibatkan 67 ibu bersalin diPuskesmas Pamolokan dari Januari hingga September 2023. Dari populasi tersebut, sebanyak 57sampel dipilih secara acak untuk dianalisis. Anemia dijadikan sebagai variabel independen,sedangkan durasi persalinan sebagai variabel dependen. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakanuji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan signifikan antara kadarhemoglobin ibu bersalin dan durasi persalinan (p > 0,005). Faktor lain seperti kekuatankontraksi, kondisi jalan lahir, posisi janin, dan kondisi psikologis ibu juga mempengaruhi durasipersalinan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa anemia bukan satu-satunya faktor yangmempengaruhi lamanya proses persalinan, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan penanganan yangkomprehensif untuk mencegah persalinan lama.
ДОШКА PADLET В НАВЧАННІ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ: АНАЛІЗ СВІТОВОГО ДОСВІДУ
Authors: Бойко Оксана
Published: September 2024

Обґрунтовано необхідність імплементації онлайн-дошок в начальний процес. Розглянуто функціонал онлайн-дошки Padlet. Вказано переваги та недоліки онлайн-дошки Padlet. Згадано, що Padlet сприяє створенню доброзичливого навчального середовища та взаємонавчання. Перераховано види навчальної діяльності у поєднанні з Padlet. Досліджено функцію «стіни» Padlet у вивченні нових слів на уроках англійської мови. Оглянуто потенціал Padlet у навчанні граматики англійської мови. Вказано, що Padlet сприяє розвитку навичок читання текстів-розповідей за рахунок функції «поширення текстів», безкоштовності та різнобарвності онлайн-дошки. Показано, що Padlet підвищує швидкість читання. Зазначено, що вчитель може надавати прямий зворотний зв’язок учням у режимі реального часу. Зроблено висновок про те, що інфографічні завдання з застосуванням Padlet роблять читання цікавішим. Доведено можливість реалізації продуктового та процесного підходів до навчання традиційного та віртуального англомовного письмового спілкування з використанням Padlet. Встановлено, що використання Padlet для покращення навичок письма ґрунтується на багатьох теоріях вивчення мови. Виявлено, що письмо у Padlet заохочує учнів більше висловлювати свої ідеї завдяки анонімному режиму. Констатовано, що Padlet може відповідати чотирьом етапам моделі SAMR – заміщенню, доповненню, модифікації та переосмисленню. З’ясовано, що із застосування Padlet можна покращити зміст, організацію та механіку написаного. Зафіксовано, що зворотний зв’язок за допомогою Padlet покращує сприйняття студентами зауважень та побажань вчителя. Відтворено сім принципів практики зворотного зв’язку та продемонстровано, що зворотний зв’язок через чат Padlet відповідає п’ятьом з цих принципів. Припущено, що синхронний зворотний зв’язок через Padlet має пріоритет перед асинхронним із-за регламентованості у часі. Зроблено загальний висновок, що онлайн-дошка Padlet підвищую мотивацію до вивчення лексики та граматики, сприяє розвитку критичного та творчого мислення, а також навичок письма, читання і говоріння.
ВПЛИВ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ТА ЇЇ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК З ФІЛОСОФІЄЮ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Нанівський Роман , Левко Мар’яна , Жукова Анна
Published: September 2024

Стаття присвячена розгляду впливу соціальних мереж на формування сучасної культури та становлення її зв’язку з філософією освіти. Актуальність заявленої у статті проблеми зумовлена тим, що на сучасному етапі розвитку суспільства соцмережі є інструментом розвитку культурного простору, засобом комунікації та формування масової культури. Мета статті полягає в дослідженні переходу сучасного суспільства на мережевий рівень та аналізі його культурного розвитку і його впливу на освітній процес. Основу методологічного підходу в даній науковій роботі складає комплексне системне дослідження, яке ґрунтується на якісному поєднанні теоретичних методів дослідження, зокрема аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення, абстрагування та інтерпретації тощо. Основними результатами, які були отримані в межах цього наукового дослідження, варто вважати обґрунтування впливу медіа та соцмереж на сучасну культуру та її зв’язок з філософією освіти. Доведено, що соцмережі на сучасному етапі здійснюють вагомий вплив на суспільне життя, культурний розвиток, освітній процес, комунікацію, вони є значущою віхою для сучасності та розвитку людства, адже стали невіддільною частиною нашого повсякденного життя. Виявлено, що з одного боку, соціальні мережі надають широкі можливості для розвитку культури та культурного простору, освітньої діяльності, а з іншого боку, продукують негативний вплив на поведінку та цінності людей, сприяють поширенню деструктивних культурних продуктів. Результати цього наукового дослідження, а також сформульовані на їхній основі висновки, становлять практичну цінність для педагогів, філософів, культорологів, а також інших фахівців, які займаються вивченням цифровізації суспільства, розвитком освіти та культури й сучасних технологій.
ДОСВІД ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ТЬЮТОРИНГУ В ІНКЛЮЗИВНІЙ ОСВІТІ У ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ ЕВРОПИ ТА США
Authors: Нижник Тетяна
Published: September 2024

В статті досліджено практику впровадження тьюторингу в академічному навчанні здобувачів з особливими освітніми потребами в європейських та американських університетах. Автором розглянуто теорії, що складають основу сучасного тьюторингу, а саме: теорію соціального розвитку Л. Виготського, теорію соціальної взаємозалежності Келлі, теорію ситуаційного навчання Ж. Лаве і Е. Венгера. В рамках теоретико-методологічного підґрунтя тьюторингу було окреслено одну із найбільш ефективних методик активного залучення вихованця до освітнього процесу - скаффолдінгу, за допомогою якого відбувається когнітивний, метакогнітивний, емоційний та соціальний розвиток осіб з особливими освітніми потребами. В статті проаналізовано методичні аспекти тьюторингу здобувачів з особливими освітніми потребами у вищих навчальних закладах освіти Європи та США в процесі індивідуальної (private tutoring), групової (peer tutoring) та дистанційної (online tutoring) форми супроводу. Особливу увагу приділено застосуванню спеціальних прийомів та методів педагогічної підтримки на лекційних, практичних, лабораторних заняттях зі студентами з комплексними психофізичними порушеннями, а також з розладами аутистичного спектру (РАС). Це дослідження дозволило зробити висновки щодо подальших перспектив впровадження тьюторингу в умовах інклюзивної освіти на рівні вищих навчальних закладах України, зокрема розробки курсів, програм підготовки майбутніх тьюторів, тренінгів з психологічної підготовки викладачів до роботи в інклюзивному середовищі, а також створення окремих структурних підрозділів в університеті, які будуть керувати процесами залучення та супроводу освітнього процесу осіб з особливими освітніми потребами.
Knowledge And Utilization Of Market-Oriented Agricultural Extension Service Among Farmers In Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinbile Lukman , Abdulrahman Salaudeen
Published: September 2024

Market-oriented agricultural extension services (MOAES) are pivotal in transforming subsistence farming into a profitable and sustainable venture, thereby reducing rural poverty. This study investigates the knowledge and utilization of market-oriented agricultural extension services among farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study employs a two-stage cluster sampling technique to select 106 farmers from four agricultural zones in Oyo State. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and interview schedules on knowledge, accessibility, utilization, and satisfaction with MOAES provided. The public extension (61.6%) was the primary provider of market-oriented agricultural extension services, with low knowledge and satisfaction. Utilization of the services on types of crops to grow, food safety standards, and sourcing of farm inputs were moderate. Overall utilization of MOAES by 55.7% of the farmers was low. Constraints were poor linkage (x̅=1.90), limited access to credit for input purchases (x̅=1.84), and inadequate price information for various inputs (x̅=1.68). Significant relationships existed between farmers sex (X2=3.259), marital status (X2=0.186), educational level of MOAES (X2=8.055). Strengthening the capacity of extension agents and focusing on value addition are recommended.
Significance Of Information Sources To Integrated Pest Management Usage Among Poultry Farmers In Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Yekinni Taofeeq Oyedeji , Adeniyi Rhoda Titilayo , Ahmed Kabirat Shola
Published: September 2024

Sources of information on the use of combined pest control measures for a sustainable ecofriendly environment are germane in poultry production. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents using an interview schedule. Data collected on socioeconomic characteristics, sources of information, pest prevalence, constraints, and utilisation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Kwara State were analysed with percentages, frequency, weighted mean score, mean, Chi-square, and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation at α 0.05. The result shows that respondents were members of the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) (96.7%) with mean age and years of business experience were 43.0±9.9 and 7.3±5.8years respectively. Most of the respondents had tertiary education (84.2%) and produced broilers (51.7%) in four cycles a year (57.5%). The most utilized IPM information sources were from co-farmers (68.3%) and workshops (67.5%); with the most prevalent pest being flies (x̅=1.48) and was low for 54.2% of the respondents.  The respondents’ most utilised IPM method was the prompt elimination of dead birds from the flock (x̅=2.86) which was high for 60%. However, respondents’ most prominent constraint to IPM usage was the government’s insufficient pesticide subsidy (x̅=2.69); and was high for 60.0%. A significant relationship existed between respondents’ IPM usage and sources of information like family (X2=0.938; p=0.005) and internet (X2=1.000; p=0.000); years of education attainment (r=0.022; p=0.021), prevalent pest (r=0.577; p=0.051) and constraints to IPM usage (r=0.186; p=0.012). IPM information sources positively influence its utilisation, hence such sources should be empowered by the relevant stakeholders for a sustainable eco-friendly environment.
Climate model forecasts of solar spectrum variation: effects on photovoltaics and crop photosynthesis
Authors: Kinsey Geoffrey S
Published: September 2024

Accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere alters the spectrum of sunlight that reaches the surface. Atmospheric parameters forecasted by five climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project were input to the radiative transfer model SMARTS to generate spectra over six decades (2018-2082). The potential geographic and temporal variation of photovoltaic and photosynthetic output was forecast for the spectral responses of one-, two- and three-junction PV cells, and three crop plants: corn, wheat, and rice.
Mindful parenting and digital addition in school-aged children: the mediatingrole of executive function and the moderating role of supportive coparenting
Authors: Ren Yizhen , Chen Huiying , Zhang Yingying , Li Yang , Wang Wenchao
Published: September 2024

Digital addiction has become a widespread phenomenon worldwide. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, the current study investigated the associations between mindful parenting and digital addiction in school-age children, as well as the mediating role of child individual executive function and the moderating effects of supportive coparenting, which reflect family relationship contexts. Participants consisted of 739 parents of school-age children, with the children aged between 7 and 10 years old (Mean age 8.27 ± 0.99 years old; 49.8% were boys). This study found that that mindful parenting was indirectly associated with children’s digital addiction through the role of children’s executive function. Additionally, mindful parenting interacted with supportive coparenting to influence children’s executive function. The present study can advance our understanding of how mindful parenting can alleviate children’s digital addiction. Limitations and implications of this study are discussed.Keywords: Digital addiction; Mindful parenting; Executive function; Supportive coparenting; Moderated mediation model
Temperament, Personality, and Psychopathology in Youth: A Preregistered Multilevel Meta-Analysis and Preregistered Large-Scale Replication and Extension
Authors: Katz Benjamin A , Shields Allison , Watts Ashley L. , Tackett Jennifer L
Published: September 2024

The current pair of highly-powered, preregistered studies estimate the associations between personality/temperament and youth psychopathology, and evaluate the generalizability of these associations across diverse populations and research designs. In Study 1, a multilevel meta-analysis of 147 studies (N = 46,369) quantified the associations between Five-Factor Model personality traits and internalizing/externalizing psychopathology dimensions among subjects aged 1.5 to 18. All traits but openness evidenced small-to-medium bivariate associations with both psychopathology dimensions (z = |.18 - .46|). After adjusting for the covariance between internalizing and externalizing, each dimension showed a distinct personality profile. Internalizing was associated with neuroticism (β = .42) and negative-extraversion (β = -.37). Externalizing was associated with extraversion (β = .30), negative-conscientiousness (β = -.46), and negative-agreeableness (β = -.50). Most variance was driven by informant effects, particularly within the externalizing dimension and when personality and psychopathology were informed by the same person (i.e., mono-informant). Study 2 was a preregistered replication and extension of Study 1 in a large cohort of youth (N = 10,414) using individual-participant, item-level data. Most of Study 1’s associations were replicated for higher-order scales (e.g., Effortful Control) and for their lower-order scales (e.g., Activation Control). Again, mono-informant effects were more pronounced than cross-informant effects. Taken together, these studies provide the first quantitative synthesis of associations between personality/temperament and psychopathology in youth. These preregistered quantitative findings are largely consistent with decades of theory (e.g., Tackett, 2006), evidence a robustness of effects across populations, and highlight the impact of mono-informant effects.
A randomized control trial to assess the effectiveness of music with auditory beat stimulation for reducing state anxiety in students with trait anxiety
Authors: Ueberholz Rhiannon , Glassman Harley , Mallik Adiel , Russo Frank
Published: September 2024

Undergraduate students report a high level of trait anxiety, which is a risk factor for further psychological decline if unmanaged. Common psychological treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy are highly effective in improving symptoms of anxiety for those who are motivated to engage in psychotherapy, but they can be costly. Music-based interventions are cost-effective and have been found to improve indices of anxiety, specifically lower self-reported distress, reduced cortisol, and higher heart rate variability. More recently, music with auditory beat stimulation (ABS) has been shown to improve symptoms of anxiety to a greater extent than music alone. While there is limited empirical evidence, music interventions with ABS may also be effective at targeting neurophysiological markers of anxiety. In this exploratory trial, fifty undergraduate students will be randomized to participate in a single session of music with ABS or pink noise. They will be asked to complete measures of self-reported anxiety. In addition, they will be asked to provide saliva samples (salivary cortisol), and wear electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes on the wrist (heart rate variability) and an electroencephalogram (EEG) cap (frequency band power measures of anxiety). It is hypothesized that those assigned to the music with ABS condition will experience a reduction in subjective and physiological indices of anxiety. A secondary exploratory aim of this research will be to test potential neurophysiological mechanisms of actions, including neural entrainment and differences in HRV and frequency band power, that may clarify the effect of music with ABS on anxiety.
How meaning and predictability affect the duration of Japanese homophonous words
Authors: Saito Motoki , van de Vijver Ruben
Published: September 2024

Although a number of studies have challenged the traditional assumption that there are truly homophonous words, they are exclusively based on English, a language in which duration is not phonemic. This study extends research on the phonetic properties of homophonous words to Japanese, a language in which duration is phonemic. Based on a corpus of spontaneous Japanese speech, we found that 1) homophonous words differed in duration among the members of the homophonous group, 2) durations of homophonous words were positively correlated with degrees of certainty about the predicted word forms predicted from the word meanings, and 3) mora duration was sensitive to the contextual predictability of the mora within the word, while word duration was not sensitive to its contextual predictability.
Mastering critical thinking skills is strongly associated with the ability to recognize fakeness and misinformation
Authors: Redaelli Simone , Germani Federico , Spitale Giovanni , Biller-Andorno Nikola , Brown Jessica , Glöckler Sophie
Published: September 2024

In today’s world of information overload, people need skills to quickly and critically evaluate online content; they must be able to consider the credibility and quality of information as well as recognize fake and misleading information. Here, we operationalize critical thinking skills into 6 measurable concepts (i.e., causation and correlation, independent data and replicates, reproducibility, credibility of sources, experimental control, and significance), and we explore whether teaching these 6 concepts enhances scientific literacy and/or resilience against fakeness (fake tweets) and misinformation. Mixed results from our study reveal that: 1) in a small group game on misinformation, critical thinking training significantly improves accuracy and speed in assessing the truthfulness of scientific information online; 2) in a large, preregistered, randomized trial, understanding and application of critical thinking skills concepts strongly correlates with participants’ ability to identify fake tweets and misinformation; however, critical thinking training with recorded videos does not enhance participants’ proficiency in detecting fakeness and misinformation. There is a need to develop innovative interventions to prepare people to respond to misinformation, which is fast-evolving. Tools to support misinformation-specific critical thinking skills have been largely unexplored, and we anticipate such tools might be a valuable contribution to help the public navigate infodemics.
Morphology in the last 10 years: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Aygün Danış , Akyer Şahika Pınar , Türk Fikri , İpor Gülizar Tuğba
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Morphology is the science of structure, function and development. Many different disciplines work in this field of science.
Bibliometric analysis is a method that examines the productivity, efficiency and performance of factors such as author, country and university.
Materials and methods: In this study, the researches conducted in the field of morphology in the last 10 years were analyzed bibliometrically.
Results: It was analyzed that 83214 studies were conducted in the last 10 years, the most studies were conducted at the Temerty Faculty of Medicine of the University of Toronto, the United States of America as the country and SCI-Expanded index. Elsevier publishing house is the most used publishing house and neuroscience is the field of science with the highest number of publications.
Conclusion: Studies in the field of morphology, which has shed light on other branches of science throughout history, have been increasing in the last 10 years. In our study, it is aimed to guide scientists who will conduct research in the field of morphology in the future.
Relationship between duration of undiagnosed illness, clinical features and cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder
Authors: Atay Ekin , Aydemir Ömer
Published: September 2024

Purpose: It is believed that a delay in the diagnosis of bipolar disorder may adversely affect the clinical course and outcome. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between diagnostic delay and clinical variables, as well as neurocognitive and social cognitive disorders
Materials and methods: Eighty-four patients with bipolar disorder in remission were included in the study. Participants were evaluated using a neuropsychological battery that assessed verbal memory and learning, visual memory and learning, verbal fluency, attention, processing speed, executive functions, working memory, and social cognition.
Results: The duration of undiagnosed illness was longer in patients with bipolar II disorder, those without psychotic features, those with at least one suicide attempt, those whose first episode was depressive, and those currently on antidepressants. A significant positive correlation was found between the duration of undiagnosed illness and scores on the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, total number of episodes, hypomanic episodes, depressive episodes, and their respective durations. Conversely, a significant negative correlation was found between the duration of undiagnosed illness and both the number and duration of manic episodes.
Conclusion: We found that a delay in diagnosis and treatment was associated with more recurrences in bipolar disorder, an increased number of depressive episodes, and at least one lifetime suicide attempt. However, the association between extended periods of untreated illness and poor clinical and functional outcomes did not align with cognitive impairment.
‘Toutes sortes de vices’: Possession, Healing, and Religious Convergences in Early Nineteenth-Century Nova Scotia
Authors: Gaudet Colby
Published: September 2024

In the fall of 1810, two young Acadian women exhibited signs interpreted by their predominantly Catholic community as a possession or enchantment by threatening spiritual forces. Family and neighbours banded together and performed unorthodox rituals that offer historians of religion and of Acadia the opportunity to analyze several Atlantic influences on this rural parish. It is an intriguing case in the religious and social history of Nova Scotia that demonstrates multiple cultural aspects in convergence. The Acadian community’s history and its location on a colonial fringe connected its members with diverse ritual knowledges. This article argues that the nature of the girls’ symptoms and the methods that the Acadian community used to bring healing reached beyond lay Roman Catholicism. The Acadians were influenced by New Light evangelical theology and baptismal spirituality from New England, as well as African diaspora spiritual elements from a nearby Black Loyalist settlement.
Women’s Garden Work, Agricultural Rehabilitation, and Gendered Knowledge from Below on the Canadian Prairies, 1930–46
Authors: Stunden Bower Shannon
Published: September 2024

This article considers the gardening work of prairie women in the context of farming difficulties and agricultural rehabilitation on the Canadian Prairies in the 1930s and 1940s. It is based on analysis of gardening coverage in the Western Producer (a prairie periodical aimed at English-speaking farm families) and engagement with the records of federal government officials involved in the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration and the Experimental Farms Service. The article establishes the significance of women’s gardening work and its important role in agricultural rehabilitation. In doing so, the article makes clear the ambition underlying agricultural rehabilitation, a federal government project intended to help protect permanent homes for settler families on the Canadian Prairies. Contributing to the understudied topics of rural experiences in women’s history and of women’s experiences in environmental history and the history of knowledge, the article illustrates the importance of considering gendered knowledge from below in grappling with the consolidation of agricultural colonization on the Canadian Prairies.
'Treasures of Sciences in the Lovely Realm of Sights': An Investigation into Amuli's Manuscript of Nafais al-Funun fi 'Ara'is al-Uyun
Authors: Zekrgoo Amir H.
Published: September 2024

The Library of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), which in 2012 was named SMNA Library after its founder Seyd Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, is custodian to a wide range of manuscripts from all over the Islamic world that includes some 350 titles in Persian. One of such titles is a manuscript of Nafāis al-Funῡn fī 'Arā'is al-'Uyῡn (Treasures of Sciences in the Lovely Realm of Sights), a remarkable work on the classification of sciences authored by the 13th century Iranian scholar and physician Muḥammad bin Maḥmῡd Āmulī. This paper aims at providing an expanded understanding of the volume via pushing the boundaries of conventional codicology, with the hope of a panoramic view that allows its study, not only as an academic source of knowledge, but also as a significant cultural object.
National and cultural peculiarities of family formation (on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan)
Authors: Gnevasheva Vera Anatolievna
Published: September 2024

The article considers the classification of Tatar families according to various criteria: composition, number of generations, number of children and other characteristics. The author analyzes the features of each category of families and provides their descriptive characteristics, which allow for a better understanding of the structure of the Tatar family, the national and cultural features of its formation, as well as modern trends in the development of family relations. Particular attention is paid to traditional ideas about the family among the Tatar people. The author also studies the empirical data of a population survey conducted in 2022 by the Center for Family and Demography of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan. The study allows us to draw objective conclusions about the emerging trends in reproductive and family behavior of the population of the republic, channels for transmitting national and cultural characteristics of society, the role of mother and father in matters of national and cultural continuity. At the same time, it seems possible to determine the role of key social agents in the formation and development of the family, its national and cultural formation. The study provides predictive estimates of the features of the further development of the processes of cultural and national identification of society. The article may be useful for sociologists, ethnographers and anyone interested in the culture and traditions of the Tatar people.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF GRADUAL CHANGE IN SHAFT DIAMETER AND RELIEF GROOVE RADIUS ON STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Egypt, Sinossi M.I.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of relief groove radius and the taper in gradual diameter change of shaft on stress concentration factors. Finite element analysis was used to conduct theoretical research in order to reduce the maximum value of stress in stepped shafts. In comparison based on a straight shaft without relief groove, the results show the decrease of taper angle has a significant effect in decrease the values of stress concentration factors. On the other hand, the increase of location of relief grooves from shaft shoulder tends to increase the stress concentration factors values, especially at high taper angle.
OPTIMIZING THE INFLUENCE OF DOPING AND TEMPERATURE ON THE ELECTROPHYSICAL FEATURES OF P-N AND P-I-N JUNCTION STRUCTURES
Authors:   National Research University TIIAME, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Abdullayev J.SH.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we investigate the effects of doping and temperature (at 300 K and 400 K) on the characteristics of Silicon (Si) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) p-n and p-i-n homojunction structures, utilizing doping concentrations of p+= n+=2∙1017 and p=n=1016 cm-3 through numerical calculation and modeling. Furthermore, we have analyzed three different cases: A) p-n, B) p+-n, and C) p-n+, to examine their influence on the distributions of space charge, potential, electric field, minority charge carriers, and the I-U curve at 300 K. It can be seen from the results that in case A, the recombination process is not observed at a lower voltage in the symmetrical p-n junction compared to than case B and C asymmetrical p-n junction. The voltage-temperature characteristics of the prepared samples were then measured at a temperature of 300K. I-U curve at 300 K. Calibration of the Si p-n homojunction structures is performed using experimental data to validate the proposed model. With the help of this constructed complex model, the influence of various geometrical changes, such as the radial p-n transition, on electrophysical properties will be examined in our next work.
Features of the formation of professional competence of a future foreign language teacher through simulation games
Authors: Orynbayeva U.K.
Published: September 2024

The article emphasizes the importance of using the simulation-game method for the formation of professional competence of future foreign language teachers and describes its effective developmental impact. The principles and methods of the simulation game that contribute to the professional growth of students are considered. The authors of the article emphasize the necessity of professional development of future foreign language teachers and reveal the potential of simulation tasks. It is noted that learning through simulation game allows to achieve two goals at the same time. In addition, the authors note that the use of simulation games gives the learning process an interesting and practically oriented character, contributes to the development of students' universal competencies such as cooperation and critical thinking, which increases their competitiveness in the labor market. In the article the authors describe in detail the main stages of the simulation game method and offer a number of optimal linguistic and content tasks for the development of professional competencies. Based on the above, the authors conclude that it is necessary to introduce the simulation game as an effective method of teaching foreign languages in higher education institutions when training future teachers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the potential of using imitation tasks to improve the effectiveness of foreign language teaching. The main objective of the article is to describe the rules and principles of the method of imitation games, as well as to formulate the didactic foundations for the use of such games in the training of future foreign language teachers. On the basis of the studied theoretical sources and their own experience of using imitation games, the authors offer a set of tasks for teaching a foreign language that meets the requirements of language teaching methodology.
Updating the information-contextual approach in training future foreign language teachers through case studies
Authors: Sarzhanova D.Zh.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the issues of interdependence of the information-contextual approach in the training of future foreign language teachers through case studies and innovative technologies. The relevance of this problem is due to the need to improve the training of future foreign language teachers in connection with the combination of the anthropocentric paradigm of education with innovative technologies, the characteristic features of which are the use of activity technologies, which include case studies. The purpose of this scientific article is to identify the features of using the information-contextual approach in the process of professional training of future foreign language teachers through case studies. The tasks were set to prepare a review of current scientific research and sources related to the topic of the article and to clarify the essence of the key concepts of "information-contextual approach" and "case technologies". Conclusions on the set goal as a result of the conducted study indicate that the integration processes that characterize the education system are associated with the trends in the development of the methodological basis of the new educational paradigm, which determine the need to update the information-contextual approach in the process of professional training of future foreign language teachers.
Innovations in teaching: analysis of scientific publications in the Scopus database
Authors: Zhanzhigitov S. Zh.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes scientific works related to innovative technologies in education. The increase in the number of publications in the Scopus database from 2000 to 2023 confirmed the relevance of the proposed topic. The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends and directions in this field based on a systematic review of 6653 scientific articles identified by the keywords “innovation” and “learning” from the Scopus database. The research methodology includes data collection and analysis using SPSS to determine the growth dynamics of scientific publications, as well as geographic and industry distribution. The theoretical significance lies in expanding knowledge about innovative technologies in education and forming the multidisciplinary nature of this field. The increase in the number of publications identified as a result of the study from 136 works in 2000 to 3255 in 2023 indicates an increased scientific interest in innovative technologies in the field of education in the global space.
Processo digestivo em ruminantes e tecnologias de monitoramento utilizadas em rebanhos leiteiros
Authors: Lopes Dos Santos Milene , De Oliveira Cristiane Amanda , Sousa Gustavo Felipe da Silva , Narval de Araújo Maria Carolina , Rohrig Rabassa Viviane , Casarin Barbosa Thaís , Secco Londero Uriel , Burkert Del Pino Francisco Augusto , Nunes Corrêa Marcio
Published: September 2024

Cattle are ruminant herbivores with great productive capacity due to a highly efficient digestive system adapted to degrade and take advantage of complex compounds, such as plant structural carbohydrates. The fermentative capacity present in their digestive tract comes from the colonization of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa that transform ingested food into substrates for energy production, while the regulation of consumption comes from environmental and physiological factors, involving the central nervous system and hormone production. The decision to consume or refuse food will be based on sensory perception and metabolic demand. Management errors and diseases are evidenced when there is a decrease in food production and consumption. These can be preemptively corrected with the use of animal monitoring technologies to predict drops in production. As an example of these technologies, animal monitoring collars evaluate rumination, activity, idleness and panting for 24 hours, establishing individual curves and notifying when the animal demonstrates alterations and, based on this diagnosis, it is possible to identify alterations due to environmental or physiological factors. Other technologies such as intelligent consumer feeders allow individual assessment and help identify the quality of the diet offered. Thus, the use of animal monitoring systems, combined with knowledge of their physiology, provides a more efficient breeding system with better animal welfare.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AND AUTOREGULATION OF CEREBRAL BLOOD CIRCULATION IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBROVASCULAR PATHOLOGY AGAINST THE CONSEQUENCES OF COVID-19
Authors: Kalashnikov Valeriy Y. , Stoyanov Olexandr M. , Vastyanov Rooslan S. , Mirzhuraev Elbek M. , Sysun Larisa A. , Kolesnik Olena O.
Published: September 2024

Aim. The aim of the study. Study of the state of cognitive functions (CF) and cerebral autoregulation (CA) in patients with cerebrovascular pathology (CVP), which was formed against the background of the consequences of COVID-19.
Materials and methods. 108 patients (49 men and 59 women) who suffered from COVID-19 were examined, including those with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) in compensated (I group n=24) and subcompensated (II group n=38) stages, and 46 patients (III group) who suffered an ischemic stroke (II) in the post-epidemic period. CF research was conducted using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, the Frontal Assessment Batter (FAB) test battery, a 10-word memorization test. (KrO2) load, vasomotor reactivity index (IVMR), functional nitroglycerin test (KrFNT). The obtained results were statistically calculated using the parametric ANOVA test and the non-parametric Kruscall-Wallis test.
Results. According to the MMSE scale, the average score is in the range of mild cognitive disorders (CD) (25.5±0.6 points – I group), as well as mild dementia (23.6±0.2 and 20.9±0.4 points in groups II and III, respectively), in group III these values border on moderate dementia. In the FAB test, moderate CD with impaired praxis and spatial activity (group I), severe CD with impaired praxis and physical function (group II) and dementia (group III) were noted. A decrease in KrCO2 indicators was observed in patients of all groups, KrO2 values in group I did not change significantly, in groups II and III they were significantly reduced. IVMR values were slightly reduced in group I (62.9±7.5, CG – 71.5±6.9), sharply decreased in groups II and III (group II – 51.2±4.6, p<0 .05; III group – 42.1±3.9, p<0.05). Also, in groups II and III, significantly pronounced hyporeactivity to FNT was noted.
Conclusions. Moderate CD of praxis and spatial activity was noted in patients with compensated CCI, severe CD with impaired control over activity and praxis was observed in the subcompensated CCI group, signs of vascular dementia were noted in patients with II consequences. The most significant decrease in IVMR indicators as an integral indicator of the state of CA is observed in patients with II, also a significant decrease of this index is noted in the subcompensated group of CCI, which confirms the high probability of the development of II in this group of patients.
Analysis of methods for image recognition and image synthesis for expanding the training sample
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Kotul O. Yu.
Published: September 2024

The article examines in detail an important aspect in the field of machine learning — image recognition and synthesis for effective training sample expansion. Methods for image recognition are considered, the method of convolutional neural networks is highlighted. One of the main problems when using these methods was also revealed, namely the insufficient training sample for training the network. In modern machine learning, where access to large amounts of real data is often limited, the problem of lack of training examples emerges as a key one. The importance of data expansion is undeniable in conditions of limited access to a large amount of real data. The article discusses and analyzes augmentation methods that allow you to increase the amount of data by introducing various transformations and modifications to the original set. Particular emphasis is placed on generative models such as the Variational Autoencoder (VAE). The authors consider in detail their ability to synthesize new, realistic images and their impact on improving the quality of model training. The ability to create realistic and context-sensitive images is examined, considering their pros and cons in the context of expanding training data. The importance of using such methods in scenarios with a small amount of available data is emphasized. The paper also examines the effect of balanced synthesis and recognition on the performance of models, taking into account the representativeness and diversity of the data. Examples and research results highlight the practicality of using the considered methods in various machine learning scenarios. The purpose of the article is not only to consider existing approaches, but also to point to the prospects and directions of further research in this important direction.
The impact of Web Api technology on the efficiency of freight transportation
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Trintina N. A.
Published: September 2024

In the contemporary world, where logistics plays a critical role in ensuring the continuity and optimization of freight transportation, WEB API technologies become a crucial tool for enhancing the efficiency of this process. This topic explores the influence of utilizing WEB API on various aspects of logistic processes in freight transportation. It analyzes the role of this technology in increasing speed, accuracy, and simplifying interactions among different participants in the logistic chain. The research covers the impact of WEB API integration on monitoring processes, cargo tracking, route planning, inventory management, and other key logistics aspects. The analysis results can serve as a foundation for developing optimization strategies and implementing innovative solutions in the field of freight transportation. Beyond its operational benefits, the study delves into the challenges and opportunities associated with the adoption of WEB API in the freight industry. Issues such as data security, seamless system integration, and the overall transformation of logistics practices are scrutinized. The analysis not only identifies potential hurdles but also provides strategic insights into mitigating risks and maximizing the benefits of WEB API technology. The implementation of WEB API facilitates precise route planning, optimizing transit times and resource utilization. Furthermore, it streamlines inventory management, offering a dynamic and responsive system that adapts to changing demands. In conclusion, the research findings serve as a comprehensive foundation for developing optimization strategies and implementing innovative solutions in the field of freight transportation. In conclusion, the research findings serve as a comprehensive foundation for developing optimization strategies and implementing innovative solutions in the field of freight transportation. The transformative potential of WEB API technology is evident in its ability to reshape traditional logistic practices, contributing to the evolution of a more efficient, agile, and technologically advanced logistics ecosystem.