bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Методика комплексної оцінки кнурів і свиноматок за якістю потомства
Authors: Войтенко С. Л.
Published: March 2019

Висвітлені основні підходи до комплексної оцінки кнурів і свиноматок за якістю потомства в умовах ферми (господарства). Запропоновано визначати цінність кнурів і свиноматок не лише за  відгодівельними і м’ясними ознаками їх потомків, але й за власною продуктивністю останніх.  Описано послідовність добору тварин для їх випробовування в умовах ферми за власною продуктивністю та відгодівельними і м’ясними ознаками з визначенням балу за кожну із ознак. Для комплексної оцінки кнурів і свиноматок за якістю потомства запропоновано використовувати розроблений оціночний індекс,  в основі якого середня величина усіх досліджуваних під час випробовування ознак у сибсів і напівсибсів.

Запропонована нова методика оцінки кнурів і свиноматок за якістю потомства дасть змогу оцінити не лише племінних свиней, але помісних і гібридних,  застосовувати єдину методику оцінки тварин основного стада у господарствах різної категорії, обходитися без станцій контрольної відгодівлі свиней та визначити цінність кнура і свиноматки за якістю потомства на основі розробленого оціночного індексу.

The main approaches to the integrated evaluation of boars and sows on the quality of offspring in the conditions of a farm (farm) are covered. It is offered to determine the value of boars and sows not only on the fattening and meat characteristics of their offspring, but also on their own productivity of the latter. The sequence of selection of animals for their testing in conditions of the farm according to their own productivity, fattening and meat characteristics with a score for each of the characteristics is described. For a comprehensive evaluation of boars and sows on the quality of offspring offered to use the developed evaluation index, which is based on the average value of all the tests for testing the characteristics of descendants. Offered new method for estimating boars and sows on the quality of offspring will make it possible to estimate not only breeding pigs but hybrid and local ones, to apply a uniform method for estimating the animals of the main herd in farms of different categories, to dispense with pigs' control stations and determine the value of boars and sows in the quality of offspring based on the developed evaluation index.
Інтенсивність вирощування кросбредних телиць за різних технологій утримання
Authors: Рубан С. Ю. , Борщ О. О.
Published: March 2019

Використання кросбридингу, як елемента поліпшення молочної худоби у комерційних стадах вплинуло на ріст і розвиток телиць першого покоління у порівнянні з чистопородними аналогами. Телиці української чорно-рябої молочної породи характеризувалися більш високими показниками живої маси порівняно з швіцькими помісями, тоді як телиці отримані в результаті схрещування монбельярдської породи з українською червоно-рябою молочною породою, навпаки відзначались більшою живою масою, порівняно з червоно-рябими аналогами. За індексами, що характеризують інтенсивність їх росту та розвитку телиці української чорно-рябої молочної породи мали вищі показники порівняно з помісними аналогами. В дослідженнях проведених на помісних телицях української червоно-рябої молочної та монбельярдської породах встановлено, що вони за показниками характеру росту переважали червоно-рябих аналогів.

The use of cross-breeding as an element of improving livestock in commercial herds affected the growth and development of first-generation heifers compared to pure-blooded counterparts. The heifers of the Ukrainian black-rye dairy breed were characterized by higher live weight values ​​compared to the Brown Swiss, while the heifers were obtained as a result of the crossing of the Monbeliarde breed with the Ukrainian red-rye milk breed; on the contrary, they were marked by a larger live weight than the red-rye ones. According to the indices that characterize the intensity of their growth and development, the heifers of Ukrainian black-rye milk breed had higher rates in all indices compared with their respective counterparts. In studies conducted on heifers of the Ukrainian red-rye dairy and Monbeliarde breeds, it was established that they were dominated by red-rye analogues by indicators of growth.
Відповідність м'ясних та м'ясорослинних консервів вимогам національних стандартів України
Authors: Гавриленко О. С. , Хоміцька О. А. , Липовець О. В.
Published: March 2019

У статті наведено результати досліджень 22-х зразків м'ясних та м'ясорослинних консервів українських виробників за органолептичними, фізико-хімічними та мікробіологічними показниками. Проаналізовано показники якості та безпечності консервів, що реалізуються в торговій мережі по Україні. За результатами проведених досліджень встановлені невідповідності дослідних зразків консервів українських підприємств-виробників вимогам стандартів за органолептичними, фізико-хімічними та мікробіологічними показниками, що свідчить про те, що м'ясо, закладене в банки було нижчого ґатунку і не зовсім якісним, а також мають місце порушення на етапах технологічних операцій виробництва та стерилізації.

The results of study of 22 samples of canned meat of Ukrainian producers by organoleptic, physical-chemical and microbiological parameters. According to the results of the studies we found established inconsistencies of experimental samples of canned Ukrainian enterprises-manufacturers of standard requirements for organoleptic, physical, chemical and microbiological parameters, which indicates that the meat placed in the banks was of a lower quality, and there were violations at the stages of production and sterilization.
Морфометрична характеристика ремонтно- маточного стада струмкової форелі, вирощеної в умовах індустріального господарства «Ішхан»
Authors: Кучерук А. І. , Мрук А. І. , Галоян Л. Л.
Published: March 2019

У даній роботі проаналізовані морфометричні показники ремонтно-маточного стада струмкової форелі (Salmo trutta m. Fario L.) в індустріальних умовах. Більшість з проаналізованих ознак характеризувалась відносно невисоким ступенем мінливості – коефіцієнт варіації коливався від 3,8 до 13,1 %.

У риб істотно збільшувалася маса тіла, за цим інші пропорції тіла, в цілому, залишалися характерними для струмкової форелі з природних водотоків. За тим у культивованих риб зменшувався горизонтальний діаметр ока та зростала довжина рила, що було наслідком адаптивних змін до специфічних умов вирощування в бассейнах. Проведені дослідження засвідчили відсутність негативних змін в єкстер’єрі струмкової форелі.

In this paper we analyzed the morphometric parameters of the repair broodstock brook trout (Salmo trutta m. Fario L.) under industrial conditions. Most of the analyzed features were characterized by a relatively low degree of variability – the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.8 to 13.1 %.

The fish significantly increased body weight, while the proportions of the body, in general, were characteristic of the brook trout-natural watercourses. In this case, the cultured fish decreased the horizontal diameter of the eye, and the length of the snout increased, which was the result of adaptive changes in the specific conditions of growing in the basins. The carried out investigations showed no negative changes in the exterrug trout.
Гістологічні зміни у кістковому мозку за експериментального ушкодження кісткової тканини
Authors: Мазуркевич А. Й. , Малюк М. О. , Харкевич Ю. О. , Савчук Т. Л.
Published: March 2019

Досліджено гістологічні зміни в кістковому мозку за експериментального ушкодження кісткової тканини. Аналіз гістологічних змін в кістковому мозку підтверджує закономірність і характер розвитку репаративного остеогенезу. Встановлено, що механічна травма кістки призводить до вираженої реакції в місці дефекту не тільки з боку кісткової тканини, а й з боку кісткового мозку. Також було встановлено, що з 14 доби починається інтенсивний остеогенез. Отримані дані можуть бути використані для розроблення методів стимуляції і засобів попередження ускладнень під час відновлення кісткової тканини після травми.

We investigated the histological changes in the bone marrow in experimental damaged bone tissue. Analysis of histological changes in the bone marrow confirms the pattern and character of development of reparative osteogenesis.  We established that mechanical trauma to the bone causes severe reactions at the site of the defect, not only from the bone tissue, and bone marrow. It was also found that with 14 day intensive osteogenesis. The obtained data can be used to develop stimulation methods and means of preventing complications in the restoration of bone tissue after injury.
Вплив способів обробки насіння на динаміку морфометричних характеристик листка ехінацеї блідої в онтогенезі
Authors: Григоришин Є. В.
Published: March 2019

У статті досліджено вплив екологічно безпечних стимуляторів на динаміку морфометричних характеристик листка ехінацеї блідої в онтогенезі. Встановлено, що тривалість веґетації, рік та спосіб передпосівного обробітку насіння статистично вірогідно визначають розміри листя ехінацеї в онтогенезі за показниками ширини та довжини. Найбільший ефект встановлений для УВЧ-опромінення. Інші види обробітку за ефективністю мало відрізняються між собою, але статистично вірогідно відрізняються від контролю.Збільшення розмірів листків за показниками ширини та довжини описується логарифмічною залежністю. Найбільш інтенсивно ростові процеси у перші періоди онтогенезу відбувалися у 2012 р., а найменш інтенсивно – у 2015 р. Протягом веґетації найбільша швидкість приросту розмірів листків була характерна для 2015 р., а в 2012 р. цей показник був найменшим. Попередній обробіток насіння впливає на динаміку зміни розмірів листя. Позитивний стимулюючий ефект на швидкість росту на початку веґетації має «Наномікс», але найбільший ефект проявляє УВЧ-опромінення насіння. Між довжиною та шириною листків існує сильний позитивний статистично вірогідний кореляційний зв’язок (r = 0,83, р = 0,00). Кореляційний зв’язок між такими морфометричними характеристиками листка, як довжина та ширина, може варіювати по роках. Попередній обробіток насіння дослідженими способами не впливає на кореляційний зв’язок між довжиною та шириною листків.

The article investigated the influence on the environmentally safe stimulants dynamics morphometric characteristics of the Echinacea pallida leaf in ontogenesis. It was found that the length of the growing season, a year and a method for pre-treating the seeds was significantly determine the size of the leaves of Echinacea in ontogenesis in terms of width and length. The greatest effect is set to UHF radiation. Other types of treatment efficacy differ little from each other, but not statistically significantly different from control. Increased leaf size in terms of width and length is described by the logarithmic dependence. The most intensive growth processes in the early stages of ontogenesis were occurred in 2012, and the least intensive – in 2015. During the growing season the maximum rate of leaf size growth was characteristic of 2015 and in 2012 this figure was the lowest. Seed pre-treatment influences the dynamics of change in leaf size. A positive stimulatory effect on the growth rate at the beginning of the growing season has «Nanomix» but exhibits the greatest effect of UHF radiation seeds. Between the length and width of the leaf there is a strong positive correlation was statistically significant (r = 0.83, p = 0.00). The correlation between such morphometric characteristics of the leaf, the length and the width may vary over the years. Investigated seed pre-treatment methods does not affect the correlation between the length and width of the leaves.
How Technology Affects Language Learning and Teaching
Authors: Mkdadi Ali Mahmod
Published: March 2019

This article surveys the writing on technology in language and unknown dialect learning. Given the solid enthusiasm for innovation use for language learning, it is imperative to take a gander at how innovation has been utilized in the field up to this point. The objectives of this examination are twofold: to see how technology have been utilized to help unknown dialect learning and furthermore to investigate any proof with respect to how innovation can upgrade securing of language aptitudes. This article talks about the discoveries under the accompanying classes: possibilities of innovation and its utilization in explicit territories, programming apparatuses utilized in certain language ability regions, programming structure contemplation, automated language testing, and research discoveries from concentrates utilizing quantitative as well as subjective strategies. At last, issues imperative for future research are additionally talked about. Available online at https://int-scientific-journals.com
PENGUATAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI REPUBLIK INDONESIA MELALUI CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT
Authors: Sihombing Eka NAM , Andryan
Published: March 2019

Mahkamah Konstitusi selaku lembaga negarayang diatur dalam UUD 1945 dan UU MK secaraprinsip diposisikan sebagai pengawal konstitusi(the guardian of constitution), penafsir akhirkonstitusi (the final interpreter of constitution),pengawal demokrasi (the guardian of democracy),pelindung hak-hak konstitusional warga negara(the protector of citizen’s constitutional rights),dan pelindung hak-hak asasi manusia (theprotector of human rights). Sehingga, sebagailembaga yang berfungsi untuk mengawalkonstitusi, maka Mahkamah Konstitusi dalamkonteks perlindungan sekaligus penegakanhukum harus memiliki kewenangan untukmenyelesaikan Constitutional Complaint, dengantujuan untuk melindungi hak-hak warga negarayang telah dirugikan hak konstitusionalnya.Oleh karenanya, dapat dirumuskan bahwasesungguhnya kewenangan terkait denganConstitutional Complaint ini adalah merupakanbagian dari perluasan dan penguatan terhadapkewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi.
FUSF Final Report: Accessibility and Benefit of FUS treatment for inoperable Lung Cancer Patients, a retrospective Analysis
Authors: Wolfram Frank , Lesser Thomas
Published: March 2019

Lung cancer (LC) is the mortal leading tumor entity, with increasing incidence in female. Curative treatment is achieved by surgical resection, but 70% of patients are inoperable at diagnosis [2]. HIFU as a non-invasive treatment is not applicable in ventilated lung. By using One Lung Flilling (OLF) acoustic access to central tumors can be generated without lung damage [3]. Our work showed the feasibility for FUS ablation using OLF [4] which could lead to a novel a novel, minimal invasive treatment modality for lung cancer (LC). It remains unclear which amount of patients are eligible to OLF and therefore FUS. Therefore a retrospective analysis of inoperable LC cases was performed to identify LC entities preferably fit for OLF and show strength as well as limitations for FUS.
Formulasi Briket Bioarang Sekam Padi dan Biji Salak sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif
Authors: Amalinda Finta
Published: March 2019

Necessity and energy consumption were increased sharply followed by population growth and community economy. Necessity and energy consumption were more focused on the use of fuel oil, especially in Indonesia, fuel oil reserve become diminish. In order to decrease adverse effects of fossil fuel use, development of renewableenergy sources is needed, considering, that Indonesia has abundant biomass energy that has not been used optimally. Alternative energy can be produced from appropriate technology by utilizing biomass waste. For instance, rice husk and zalacca seeds wich were by-product and waste that the benfits of has not been widely studied.The aim of this research is to find out the head value, duration of tima, ash and water contents, volatile matter, and carbon content of the mixture form of bioarangrice husk and zalacca seeds.This research is an experimental research wich test was carried out in the laboratorium. This research was conducted from june to august 2018. The object of this research is biomass formulation of bioarang mixtures of rice husk and zalacca seeds by mass comparison 0,25:1, 0,5:0,75, 0,5:0,5, 0,75:0,5 and 1:0,25 with the total mass of 200 gram, formed on the mold with a diameter of 5 centimeters, and a height of 7 centimeters.Based on the research, the result found that the mixed formulation of rice husk and zalacca seeds with ratio of 0,25:1 has the longest time duration which 38 minutes and 15 seconds, the largest water content approximately 5,761% and the highest carbon content was 60,326%. Furthermore, the mixed formulation of rice husk and zalacca seeds with ratio 1:0,25 has the highest heating value as much as 260,309 KJ/gr, the highest ash content was 13,829%, and the highest volatile matter substances was about 33,671%.
Salahkah Menjadi Perempuan Cantik?
Authors: Zein Laila Fariha , Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: March 2019

Mengapa kita tampak enggan mengapresiasi kecantikan perempuan sepertihalnya kecerdasan?
MENUNJUKKAN PERILAKU TOLERANSI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN DI RUMAH DAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Munthe Suryani Riska
Published: March 2019

Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial yang membutuhkan interaksi terhadap sesama. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sikap toleransi untuk menjadikan bangsa yang damai dan tentram.
TUGAS
Authors: Rahmadhani Rizki
Published: March 2019

Model Pembelajaran PPKn di kelas rendah: Model pembelajaran merupakan bentuk pembelajaran yang menggambarkan proses kegiatan belajar-mengajar dari awal sampai akhir
MENUNJUKKAN PERILAKU TOLERANSI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN di RUMAH dan SEKOLAH PPKn Kelas 2 SD/MI
Authors: Munthe Suryani Riska
Published: March 2019

Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial yang membutuhkan interaksi antara sesama manusia. Toleransi sendiri adalah suatu sikap saling menghargai dan menghormati perbedaan antara manusia.
Mengenal Makna Satu Nusa, Satu Bangsa, Satu Bahasa Dalam Menerapkan Kerja sama Di Kelas 3 SD/MI
Authors: Lubis Suryani
Published: March 2019

Kerja sama adalah bukti nyata dalam terwujudnya makna Satu Nusa , Satu Bangsa, Satu Bahasa . Dalam kelas Rendah SD/MI sangat perlu mempelajari mengenai kerja sama, yang dimana mengajarkan Peserta Didik untuk saling menghormati , saling menghargai , dan membuat Permasalahan yang sulit akan mudah dan lambat akan cepat dikarenakan adanya kerjasama yang dikerjakan secara bersamaan.
Perencanaan Dan EValuasi
Authors: Lira Sudirman
Published: March 2019

perencaan dan evaluasi Kesehatan Khusus Kesehatan Masyarakat
Revisi mata kuliah kajian ppkn MI/SD kelas rendah
Authors: ami Yolanda putri
Published: March 2019

Hak dan kewajiban merupakan hal yang sering kita dengar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Hak dan kewajiban sangat berhubungan erat dimana ada hak kewajiban pun akan terdapat di dalamnya. Oleh karena itu kita harus memahami hak dan kewajiban kita sebagai anggota keluarga dan warga sekolah
PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN PPKn DI KELAS RENDAH SD/MI
Authors: Amelia
Published: March 2019

Pendekatan saintifik merupakan salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang diberlakukan pada jenjang pendidikan. Dengan guru sebagai sebagai fasilitator dalam pembelajaran.
Are commercials able to give you wings? The impact of risk-glorifying commercials on risk behavior.
Authors: Urschler David F , Heinrich Hanna , Hechler Stefanie , Fischer Peter , Kessler Thomas
Published: March 2019

Previous research on risk-glorifying media has provided encompassing evidence for a positive connection between risk-glorifying contents and (a) risk-positive emotions, (b) risk-positive cognitions and attitudes, and (c) risk-positive behavioral inclinations. Nevertheless, little evidence shows whether risk-glorifying content increases actual risk behavior. We conducted three experimental studies to assess whether risk-glorifying commercials increase risk behavior. In all studies, participants were randomly assigned to a risk-glorifying or a neutral commercial. Additionally, in Study 2 participants were randomly assigned to an additional arousal or a non-arousal condition to test the mediating effect of arousal. In Study 3, we tested the mediating effect of the accessibility to risk-positive cognitions. We measured participants’ risk behavior via the risk assessment ramp. Our results revealed that participants who watched the risk-glorifying commercial walked faster to the jumping-off point (Study 1, 2, & 3) and jumped from a higher level (Study 2 & 3), thus, indicating the exposure to risk-glorifying media content increases people’s risk behavior. Neither arousal, nor the accessibility to risk-positive cognition mediated the effect of risk-glorifying media content. Beyond our findings, we offer a new tool to assess risk behavior that is effective and easy to apply.
Digital epidemiology and global health security; an interdisciplinary conversation
Authors: Eckmanns Tim , Füller Henning , Roberts Stephen L.
Published: March 2019

Contemporary infectious disease surveillance systems aim to employ the speed and scope of big data in an attempt to provide global health security. Both shifts - the perception of health problems through the framework of global health security and the corresponding technological approaches – imply epistemological changes, methodological ambivalences as well as manifold societal effects. Bringing current findings from social sciences and public health praxis into a dialogue, this conversation style contribution points out several broader implications of changing disease surveillance. The conversation covers epidemiological issues such as the shift from expert knowledge to algorithmic knowledge, the securitization of global health, and the construction of new kinds of threats. Those developments are detailed and discussed in their impacts for health provision in a broader sense.
It is about timing: Network prestige in asynchronous online discussions
Authors: Chen Bodong , Huang Tianhui
Published: March 2019

Asynchronous online discussions are broadly used to support social learning. This paper reports on an undergraduate class’s online discussion activities over one semester. Applying Social Network Analysis, this study revealed a participation gap among students reflected by their varied levels of network prestige. The low-prestige group initiated equivalent volumes of interactions but were less reciprocated. In-depth analysis found the high-prestige group also advantageous in other network measures such as closeness centrality and eigenvector centrality, as well as the strength, persistence, and reciprocity of their ties. To probe potential explanations of the revealed gap, we further contrasted post content and posting behaviors between two groups. Results did not identify any significant differences in post content but found low-prestige students’ participation less timely and more temporally compressed. This paper calls for attention to the participation gap in online discussions, micro-level temporal patterns of student activities, and practical means to scaffold student participation in asynchronous onlinediscussions.
Clinical Evaluation of Topical Metronidazole and Chlorhexidine Gel following Scaling and Root Planing in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Acharya Pujan , Kumar Manoj , Saimbi CS
Published: March 2019

Background: Chronic periodontitis is the most prevalent form of periodontitis with a multifactorial  etiology, dental plaque being the primary etiologic agent. The removal of such etiologic factor through scaling and root planing builds the foundation of treatment. In addition, the use of an antimicrobial adjunct augments elimination of microbes leading to subsequent control of the disease. Chlorhexidine and Metronidazole have been found to be active against several periodontopathogens. In this study, the use of these antimicrobial gels has been made. To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of subgingival application of 1% Metronidazole, 1% Chlorhexidine and Combination gel when used as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy.

Methods: A total of 120 patients, age group 30-60 years with chronic generalized periodontitis were included in the randomized, controlled, double blinded study. The patients were randomly divided into four groups and treated with scaling and root planing along with antimicrobial adjunct. The antimicrobials used were Chlorhexidine, Metronidazole, Combination of Chlorhexidine and Metronidazole, and Placebo. Clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level) were recorded at baseline, 1 month and 3 months.

Results: In all the groups, there was a statistically significant reduction in all the clinical parameters at different time intervals. Inter-group comparison with respect to clinical changes showed that Combination gel was the best.

Conclusions: Long term, controlled randomized trials with more samples are suggested to further validate the efficacy of these antimicrobial drugs.
Bacterial Load Reduction in Guheswori Sewage Treatment Plant, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Gautam Bikram , Rajbhanshi Anjita , Adhikari Rameshwar
Published: March 2019

Background: Water sources such as lakes, ponds, river etc. have been continuously contaminated by the   micro organisms and chemicals. The former can pose a significant threat to human health. This work aims at detecting the bacterial load before and after the sewage treatment and hence isolating pathogens from the sewage before primary treatment and secondary treated effluent.

Methods: Grab sampling (50mL sewage before primary treatment and secondary treated effluent) was performed for 20 days in the Guheswori  sewage treatment plant. The reduction in microbial load was determined through heterotrophic plate count. Pathogens were screened from the effluent obtained from the secondary treatment plant.

Results: Bacterial load reduction was found to be about 48.02% on average. The observed bacterial load reduction might have been caused by bacteriophage flocculation and sedimentation. Pathogens isolated from the treated effluent were Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS), Citrobacter fruendii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas  aeruginosa.

Conclusions: It has been found that the sewage treatment plant helps to reduce the bacterial load which is, however, not capable of effluent polishing where all pathogens are killed.
Cervical Posture and Skeletal Malocclusions – Is there a Link?
Authors: Tauheed Sanam , Shaikh Attiya , Fida Mubassar
Published: March 2019

Background: The present study was conducted in order to determine cervical posture in different skeletal sagittal malocclusions as well as to assess whether a correlation existed between cervical posture and skeletal relationships. Methods: Cervical curvature and inclination of 63 subjects was assessed using their lateral cephalometric radiographs. Cervical inclination was assessed using the cervicohorizontal postural variables namely OPT/HOR and CVT/HOR whereas cervical curvature was determined by measuring the angle OPT/CVT. Sagittally, the subjects were also categorized into skeletal Class I, II and III based on the angle ANB. One way ANOVA was used for the comparison of cervical posture in different skeletal sagittal malocclusions. Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate the correlation of cervical posture with different skeletal sagittal jaw relations. Statistical significance level was set at p≤0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the different skeletal malocclusions for the cervical curvature angle OPT/CVT (p=0.025). A weak correlation of cervical curvature angle OPT/CVT (r=0.305, p=0.016) with sagittal malocclusion was found.  Conclusions: Skeletal sagittal malocclusions differ in their cervical postures, especially  cervical curvature. Skeletal Class III subjects have significantly straighter cervical columns than skeletal Class I subjects. Cervical curvature is correlated with sagittal jaw relations.

 Keywords: cervical curvature; cervical posture; skeletal sagittal malocclusions .
Prosedur Administrasi Pelayanan Pemakaman Pada TPU Tegal Alur Unit II Islam Jakarta Barat
Authors: Nurdiansyah Akhmad , Andriani Ria , Hastuti Dwi Puji
Published: March 2019

The place funeral general which serves as a burial place for people who died. Funeral general also has other functions such as the Green Open Space, catchment area water, and lungs of the city. The author uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Sources of data in this study were obtained using the data used, interviews and documentation TPU Tegal Alur Unit II Islam which located in Jl.Kamal Raya No.1A. Kelurahan Tegal Alur. Kecamatan Kalideres. Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat 11820. As well as interviews with that related source. The place funeral general tegal alur is a public cemetery that stands from the wakaf land owned by local residents. At the tomb was previously there is a tomb of Muslims and non-Muslims. TPU Tegal Alur Unit II Islam other than moving in service funeral, as providing information on funerals and retribution rates in general. TPU Tegal Alur Unit II Islam also one of the manufacturers for finance area ie within retribution service funeral.Keywords: Procedure, Administration, Service
Representation Model of Hyperreal Fantasy World: Phraseological Dimension
Authors: Barbaniuk O. O.
Published: March 2019

The article focuses on the most traditional model of knowledge representation – frame, which is the key to discover the mechanisms for conceptualizing the phenomena of surrounding or text reality. Possible worlds, as text reality, are mental structures that need appropriate interpretation, in particular fictional worlds of the fantasy genre. Such worlds are posited as hyperreal, as they demonstrate the simulation of reality, replacing real by means of the signs of the objective reality – simulacra. The hyperreal world in the fantasy novels of the Earthsea cycle by an outstanding American novelist Ursula Le Guin is objectivized at lexical and phraseological levels, thus, by lexical units-simulacra and phraseological units-simulacra. Such expressive units are to be classified according to their semantics, denoting a person, a place, time and a separate notion. The prevailing number of magic component testified the founding and leading role of this phenomenon for the hyperreal world under investigation. It has been ascertained that phraseological units-simulacra, explicating the slots of the Thing, Action and Comparison Frames, enable to decode the information about the hyperreal world in general, enriching it with attributive and activity characteristics of characters in opposition – a person and a dragon. The proposed representation model of hyperreal fictional world ascertained the results and allowed to reveal the plane of the contents of the author's construct. Thus, phraseological units-simulacra are decoded in the slots of: 1) the Thing Frame (SB/STH is SUCH, SB/STH is (exists) SO, SB/STH is THERE), disclosing information about features and locations of characters; 2) the Action Frame (SB/STH acts UPON, SB/STH acts FOR, SB/STH acts BY MEANS OF), exposing their activity peculiarities; 3) the Comparison Frame (SB/STH is AS (LIKE)), enriching the hyperreal world under investigation with expressive-emotional characteristics.
Methodology of Language Contact Studies and Their Result – Lexical Borrowings
Authors: Karlova V. O.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the study of those sociolinguistic processes, which became the main factors of the lexical borrowings appearance as the result of the language contacts in general and the English language contacts with other languages in different stages of the development in particular. It is described the process of new lexical units appearance, which adapting to the language-recipient, became the integral part of its vocabulary. It is defined the notion “Language Contacts” and its meaning for English inlargement. It is shown the methodological approaches for language contacts and borrowing process investigation. It is established the relation between such variants of linguistic contacts as bilingualism and interference, which contribute new lexical elements to the borrowing process. Types of interference are established which stimulate the borrowing process to English. Two main approaches (structural and sociological) were found to comprehend the process of language contacts and reveal ways of borrowed units adapting as the result of assimilation of the language of a new word. Available methods of lexical borrowing analysis are analyzed which had been developed by representatives of the structural approach (distributive analysis, component analysis, transformation analysis, oppositional analysis, semantic field analysis). Two types of factors, influencing borrowing processes within the limits of the sociological approach are characterized: 1) different social phenomena and 2) conscious society influence. Extralinguistic factors are found out which influence the increasing English vocabulary. It is defined the notions “Linguistic planning”, “Linguistic construction”, “Linguistic Politics”. The scale of borrowing analysis (Thomason) is represented and it predicts the extent of interference and bilingualism (irregular, more regular and intense contacts). The developed methods for the adaptation analysis (non-adaptation) of new words in English are systematized by researchers, taking into account sociolinguistic and proper linguistic processes.
Metaphoric Modelling in Modern Linguistics
Authors: Kravtsova Y. V.
Published: March 2019

In modern science modelling is one of the main methods of scientific research. Metaphor began to be considered as a simulated object only from the end of the last century. In Eastern Slavic linguistics two approaches to modelling of metaphorisation have emerged – semantic and cognitive. Based on the analysis of linguistic studies in the sphere of metaphorical modelling, various ways of parametrising metaphors as a semantic and cognitive model have been characterized, their common parameters have been established, disputable questions have been highlighted. The author has developed a new semantic-cognitive approach to the study of metaphor and modelling of metaphorisation. According to it, metaphor is considered as a mental and verbal construct created in the process of human metaphorogenic activity. However, the study of cognitive mechanisms, including metaphorisation, is possible only based on the research of the results of their realisation in language (speech). Through the study of the semantics of the metaphorical nominations of a language and the construction of corresponding metaphorical models, the semantic-cognitive approach allows to establish the models of national metaphorical thinking characteristic of any historical period. The main points of this approach are briefly outlined, a parametric description of the metaphor as a semantic-cognitive model is represented, a rationale for the introduced notions of metaphorical mega-model and sub-model, semantic-cognitive formant is provided. The proposed technique is intended both for corpus research of metaphors and for the study of separate facts of a metaphorical nomination.
New synonyms of specific and generic names in the family Chrysididae (Hymenoptera)
Authors: Rosa P.
Published: March 2019

The type material of two Chrysididae genera described by Yu. Tarbinsky from Central Asia was examined. New synonyms are proposed: Pseudochrysis Semenov, 1891 = Arnoldia Tarbinsky, 2004, syn. nov.; Spinolia Dahlbom, 1854 = Pseudochrysura Tarbinsky, 2004, syn. nov.; Pseudochrysis neglecta (Shuckard, 1837) = Arnoldia seraphimi Tarbinsky, 2004, syn. nov.; Spinolia rusalka (Semenov, 1901) = Pseudochrysura zonsteini Tarbinsky, 2004, syn. nov.
Test-retest reliability and responsiveness of a comprehensive protocol for the assessment of muscle tone of the ankle plantar flexors in healthy subjects
Authors: Abián-Vicén Javier , Aparicio-García Carlos , Ruiz-Lázaro Pilar , Simón-Martínez Cristina , Bravo-Esteban Elisabeth , Gómez-Soriano Julio
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND:

There is no information about the reliability of a comprehensive way to assess muscle tone that contains the different dimensions that define or could influence it in the ankle plantar flexors.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the relative and absolute test-retest intra-day and inter-day reliability of a comprehensive protocol for the assessment of muscle tone responsiveness of the ankle plantar flexors.

METHODS:

Twenty healthy volunteers completed the study. It was performed a methodological study protocol (SPIRITT). Assessments included passive resistive torque-to-ankle dorsiflexion at slow (10[Formula: see text]/s) and fast (180[Formula: see text]/s) velocities, muscle extensibility measured as passive dorsiflexion range of motion, maximum isometric force and surface electromyography. Three measures were taken with a one-hour (intra-day reliability) and a one-week (inter-day reliability) rest interval between sessions. Inter-session reliability was examined through typical percentage error (CV[Formula: see text]), percentage of change in the mean and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

RESULTS:

Passive resistive-torque using isokinetic showed better reliability (CV[Formula: see text] from 7.1% to 18.3% and ICC: 0.64 to 0.94) than variables obtained with electromyography (CV[Formula: see text]: 36.5% to 72.5%; ICC: 0.56 to 0.69) and intra-day reliability showed better results than inter-day reliability. Extensibility test and maximal isometric force showed a very good intra-day and inter-day reliability (ICC from 0.82 to 0.97).

CONCLUSION:

The comprehensive protocol of muscle tone assessment showed very good reliability. The protocol established provides a reliable tool to assess and characterise muscle status and the effect of therapeutic interventions.
Comparison between a Paper-Pencil Version and Computerized Version for the Realization of a Neuropsychological Test: The Example of the Trail Making Test
Authors: Sacco Guillaume , Ben-Sadoun Grégory , Bourgeois Jérémy , Fabre Roxane , Manera Valeria , Robert Philippe
Published: March 2019

Background:

Neuropsychological tests are particularly important for the clinical evaluation and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis. However, the tests currently employed for neuropsychological assessment have been developed several decades ago, and thus they do not fully exploit the potential provided by modern digital tools. One of the tests most commonly employed to assess attention and executive functions is the Trail Making Test (TMT).

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the TMT developed and used for the serious exergame X-Torp (TMTX- Torp) can be used to evaluate cognitive functions such as mental flexibility.

Methods:

Adjusted multivariate mixed model was used to compare performances in the TMTX- Torp to performances in the standard variant (TMTs) in three populations. 21 participants with AD (78.6y±8.5 y), 27 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (76.8y±8.5 y), and 27 healthy (HEC) (71.8y±7.4 y) were included.

Results:

A difference was observed for the TMT A between AD and HEC and for the TMT B between AD and MCI and between AD and HEC. Whatever the variant of the TMT, we found a positive linear correlation between the time to complete the TMTX- Torp and the TMTs for HEC (TMT A: r = 0.75, p < 0.001; TMT B: r = 0.52, p = 0.008) and MCI participants (TMT A: r = 0.53, p = 0.005; TMT B: r = 0.48, p = 0.025) but not for AD participants.

Conclusion:

Although these versions of the TMT were not identical, the results showed that both versions were able to discriminate between HEC, MCI, and AD populations.
Relationship Between Treatment Initiation and Healthcare Costs in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Black Christopher M. , Lipton Richard B. , Thiel Ellen , Brouillette Matthew , Khandker Rezaul
Published: March 2019

The relationship between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment patterns and healthcare costs is unknown. Administrative claims data from the MarketScan Commercial and Medicare databases covering 2010 through 2016 were used to identify the comorbidities, treatment patterns, and healthcare costs in the three years prior to and one year post medical diagnosis of AD in 21,448 patients with no treatment and 57,970 patients with treatment. Pre-index mean annual costs ranged from $14,228 to $26,876, and post-index mean annual costs ranged from $21,052 to $45,685 depending on age and treatment timing. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, patients 50–100 years old who initiated treatment with an FDA approved drug prior to or concurrent with diagnosis had healthcare costs 9%–19% lower in the year following diagnosis than those who did not receive treatment. Early or concurrent treatment is associated with lower overall healthcare costs in the year following AD diagnosis.
Damaged mechanism analysis of FET under lightning
Authors: Li Xiangchao , Ma Xiaoqi , Liu Yinping , Wan Zhicheng , Cai Lujin , Xu Xiaopei
Published: March 2019

Based on the invalidation and damage of the field effect transistors under lightning radiation, we establish the breakdown experiment with open-circuit voltage wave and the protection experiment with TVS as the protection device. The junction field effect transistor and the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor are used as material. We draw some conclusions. In the breakdown experiment, the breakdown voltage of the MOSFETs is higher than that of the JFETs as a whole. The MOSFET can be adopted in the amplifier circuit which is expected to get higher input resistance and breakdown voltage. The drain-source resistance can recover to the original resistance value after being placed a period of time, but the gate-source resistance is irreversible. The invalidation of the device under test is due to the breakdown of gate-source. The TVS can protect the FTEs well. The change of pin resistance of the MOSFET is inconspicuous. MOSFETs are more stable for debugging and development of the amplifier circuit. The results provide some significance for the development and improvement of the lightning electric fields change measuring instruments in the future.
Measuring commuting in the American Time Use Survey
Authors: Kimbrough Gray
Published: March 2019

Research into the relationships between commuting and other activities has been hampered by the lack of suitably comprehensive datasets. This paper identifies a possible source of detailed information for such studies, the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). This paper surveys approaches used by researchers to analyze commuting in the ATUS and outlines a method of measuring commuting in a clear and consistent way. This analysis details the advantages of this method over other approaches. Commuting measured in the ATUS using this methodology is shown to be consistent with commuting measures in other large, nationally representative studies. The proposed methodology makes possible a range of analyses exploiting the unique information in the ATUS.
Neuroblastoma de Alto Riesgo en Uruguay. ¿Dónde estamos?
Authors: Morosini Fabiana , Dufort Gustavo , Silveira Anaulina , Castiglioni Mariela , Pagés Carolina , Simón Elizabeth , Zuccolo Silvana , Incoronato Andrea , Amarillo Paloma , Pereira Inés , Dabezies Agustín , Castillo Luis
Published: March 2019

Introducción: El neuroblastoma es el tumor sólido extracraneal más frecuente en niños. Aproximadamente el 50 % de los pacientes son clasificados como de alto riesgo, con base en características clínicas, biológicas e histológicas. Objetivo: Describir a la población asistida em el Centro Hemato-Oncológíco Pediátrico (CHOP) del Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR) con diagnóstico de neuroblastoma de alto riesgo, su tratamiento y sobrevida. Método: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de todos los pacientes con neuroblastoma de alto riesgo diagnosticados en el CHOP entre el 2001 y el 2015. En el CHOP se ubica el Registro Nacional de Cáncer Pediátrico, así como también el Archivo de Historias Clínicas de todos los pacientes. Los datos son recolectados y analizados por el sector de estadística. Resultados: Se diagnosticaron 35 pacientes, de los cuales 20 (57%) eran varones con mediana de edad de 36,6 meses (5-93), localización suprarrenal 23 (66%) y 100% estadio IV. Metástasis, médula ósea y hueso: 27 (71%). Treinta y tres pacientes recibieron autotransplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TPH) (94%). Estatus previo a TPH, remisión completa: 19 (58 %), remisión parcial: 14 (42%). Mortalidad relacionada al tratamiento: 15 % y de recaídas: 68 %. Mediana de tiempo de recaída: 15 meses (3-52). La probabilidad de sobrevida global y sobrevida libre de eventos a 5 años fue de 37,8% ± 8,4 y 23,8% ± 7,3 (mediana de seguimiento 40 meses). Conclusión: A pesar del tratamiento intensivo y de las medidas de soporte adecuadas, el pronóstico en los niños con neuroblastoma de alto riesgo sigue siendo pobre en nuestro país. Es necesario incorporar nuevas estrategias terapéuticas aún no disponibles en nuestro medio.
Lesões Orais Malignas e Potencialmente Malignas: Percepção de Cirurgiões-Dentistas e Graduandos de Odontologia
Authors: Dantas da Silva Laura Géssica , De Lima Alves Michel , Batista Severo Mara Luana , Duarte de Medeiros Wenya Kayse , Miranda Ferreira Almir , Da Costa Miguel Marcia Cristina , Dantas da Silveira Ericka Janine
Published: March 2019

Introdução: O câncer oral é um problema de saúde pública em vários países do mundo, entretanto é uma doença que pode ser prevenida em razão da sua bem estabelecida associação com certos fatores de riscos que podem ser facilmente identificados pelo profissional no momento da avaliação clínica do paciente. Objetivo: Analisar a percepção dos cirurgiões-dentistas e universitários de Odontologia em relação ao diagnóstico e a fatores de risco das lesões orais malignas e potencialmente malignas. Método: Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário validado e adaptado para a presente pesquisa, incluindo perguntas sobre dados sociodemográficos e percepção do conhecimento das lesões orais potencialmente malignas e câncer oral. De acordo com a pontuação obtida, atribuíram-se quatro conceitos, A (ótimo nível de informação); B (bom); C (regular); e D (insatisfatório). Resultados: Duzentos e noventa e dois indivíduos participaramdo estudo, a maioria tinha entre 20 e 29 anos (48,97%) e era do sexo feminino (62%). Os participantes mais jovens, estudantes e graduados apresentaram melhores conceitos com relação ao câncer oral (p=0,000). A leucoplasia foi a lesão oral potencialmente maligna mais relacionada ao câncer (76,4%). Apenas 12,7% dos participantes obtiveram conceito A, embora 85,4% referissem atualizar-se sobre esse tema. Conclusão: Notou-se baixo nível de percepção no conhecimento das lesões orais potencialmente malignas e câncer oral, entretantoos participantes mais jovens, estudantes e graduados com menos tempo de formado apresentaram melhores conceitos.