bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Select Polymer Molecular Weight and Concentration to Avoid Blocking in Polymer Flooding?
Authors: Guo Hu
Published: November 2017

Recently, there are increasing interest on polymer flooding due to its high enhanced oil recovery (10%- 20% OOIP in field tests in Daqing) and much lower cost compared to surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding and alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding. How to select polymer molecular weight (Mw) and concentration to improve mobility ratio and avoid blocking in less permeability strata is important but difficult issue. Maximum allowable polymer Mw and concentration for given permeabilities by using different techniques is studied. Maximum allowable polymer Mw and concentration for a given permeability in polymer flooding varies according to different methods. Even in Daqing Oilfield, where the largest polymer flooding industrial application in the world has been carried out since 1996, and the annual oil production from polymer flooding is more than 10 million tons, no agreement on the maximum allowable polymer Mw and concentration exists. Different criteria of resistance factors (Fr) and residual resistance factor (Frr) used in China are reviewed and compared. These criteria are generally based core flow tests with less or no consideration on heterogeneity and oil saturation effect. Recent studies shows that Frr is misleading and incorrect because of insufficient injection volumes. Too high viscosity and molecular may block low/less permeability layer. Polymer molecular is seen as a sphere and the average diameter ratio to average pore-throat should be higher than 5 or 10 to avoid blocking. Though the pore- throat of a core can be got from mercury intrusion method, the average diameter of hydrolyzed polymer (HPAM) is subjected to change with different method, not to say the scattered range of Mw. Fr and Frr was frequently used in determining whether a certain Mw or concentration polymer is blocked in a certain permeability. However, the critical values varies. Another theory connects the polymer Mw and concentration with allowable flow rate in field test.
Power Study and Tailored Solution for High H2S Environment Extends ESP Run Life in Douglas Field in the Irish Sea
Authors: Pastre L.. , Carolini A..
Published: November 2017

Douglas is an oil field in the Irish Sea where electric submersible pumps (ESPs) are used as artificial lift method. This paper presents the ESP failures and root causes in early stages of production, and the improvements implemented that contributed to the outstanding improvement in ESP run life. These improvements increased field production, minimized deferred production, and minimized workover costs.

Every ESP system pulled from the Douglas field was dismantled, and a failure analysis was performed to identify the failure root cause. When the root cause is confirmed, applicable equipment upgrades were recommended to address the failure modes and increase ESP run life. In order to monitor system performance, reliability was tracked and compared over the years. The ESP reliability was analyzed using data gathered from ESP run life and failure analysis covering more than 20 years of ESP operation in the Douglas field.

Failure analysis performed in the pulled strings indicated failures related to poor electrical power quality. A power study was performed on the Douglas platform, and it was observed that the wells exhibited natural system resonance frequency amplifying drive harmonics. Resonant peak frequencies were observed between five and seven kilohertz, and voltage impulses were observed up to nine kilovolts. Such impulses were weakening insulation in some downhole components, such as penetrators, cables, and motors. Following the recommendations from the study, load filters were installed in every well to eliminate voltage overshoots. The filters provided cleaner voltage and current waveforms to the system, power cable, and at the motor terminals.

In addition to the power supply issues, it was noted that there was H2S contamination in the protectors and motors pulled from the field. In order to increase ESP reliability, an advanced H2S scavenger protector design was introduced. The advanced protector has features that delay the ingression of H2S into the motor and copper liners that serve as sacrificial parts to be consumed by H2S.

The solutions proposed for ESP operation in combination with ESP design improvements helped to improve ESP reliability considerably allowing ESP systems to achieve outstanding run lives in the Douglas field.
Criminalidade feminina:um estudo comparativo entre os dados estatísticos acerca das mulheres detidas no Brasil e na Argentina
Authors: De Araújo Alves Jaiza Sammara
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar o perfil das mulheres que se encontram encarceradas no Brasil e na Argentina, analisando as suas condições sócio-econômicas. Inicialmente, será feita uma análise sobre a inferioridade feminina através da história, bem como sobre a criminalidade feminina que por muito tempo fora desconsiderada pelos operadores do direito. Finalmente será feito um estudo acerca dos dados estatísticos colhidos em ambos os países, a fim de observar as características comuns e divergentes entre as mulheres que se encontram detidas em virtude da prática de crimes no Brasil e na Argentina.

 Palavras-chave: mulheres; encarceramento; Brasil; Argentina
Desenvolvimento humano, convenções internacionais e a concretização de direitos: o impacto dos compromissos internacionais na implementação das políticas públicas brasileiras.
Authors: Martins Paulo Henrique , Pereira Siqueira Dirceu
Published: November 2017

O tema desenvolvimento humano é tratado no presente ensaio como sendo o compromisso brasileiro frente à comunidade internacional, no sentido de realização de direitos humanos, implemento dos chamados “direitos de terceira geração”, ou de solidariedade social. Objetiva-se analisar que há no Brasil um compromisso em promover o desenvolvimento humano, seja porque signatário de vários tratados internacionais, seja pela própria internacionalização dos direitos humanos. Utilizar-se-á de metodologia baseada em pesquisa qualitativa, tecida com base doutrinária (nacional e internacional) e jurisprudencial, abordando-se o tema pelo método hipotético-dedutivo, de cunho descritivo e analítico. Buscar-se-á provar, após abordagem da evolução dos direitos humanos e os principais tratados internacionais nos contextos global e regional (inclusive os quais o Brasil é signatário), que o direito ao desenvolvimento humano possui vínculos inquestionáveis com a paz, segurança e estabilidade sociais, as quais serão efetivadas com a superação da pobreza e exclusão social, com o fortalecimento do bem-estar dos povos, sendo necessária a realização do desenvolvimento econômico (garantido por meio do Pacto Internacional de Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais e demais pactos diretamente relacionados a realização e bem estar-social), meio efetivo a serviço do Estado para atingir a chamada justiça social. Conclui-se que no Brasil, algumas políticas públicas para implementar o direito ao desenvolvimento humano já são realizadas, como exemplo o sistema da seguridade social (art. 194 da CF/88) e o estabelecimento do “Fundo de Combate e Erradicação da Pobreza” (Emenda Constitucional 31), todavia ainda muito se tem para avançar em sede de desenvolvimento humano.
Democracia Cosmopolita e as Armas Nucleares
Authors: Mont`Alverne Barreto Lima Martonio , Luz Zonari Mariana
Published: November 2017

Desde a publicação da Paz Perpétua de Kant em 1795, a influência da tese de que o regime democrático, no qual os cidadãos tivessem livre poder de decisão sobre a guerra, seria a única alternativa para a obtenção da paz mundial, bem como os posteriores e renomados estudos de David Held, Robert Dahl e Danilo Zollo sobre a intrínseca relação entre democracia e política internacional, têm feito ressurgir nos últimos anos as pesquisas sobre a questão do impacto da globalização nas instituições democráticas contemporâneas. Partindo dessa premissa e, também, sabendo-se dos efeitos que o processo de globalização tem demonstrado ter sobre os institutos democráticos existentes atualmente e, consequentemente, sobre os conceitos westfalianos de Estado-Nação, autonomia e soberania estatal, a presente pesquisa busca retomar o debate sobre um assunto de demasiada importância tanto para a teoria da democracia quanto para a segurança internacional: o tema da participação democrática dos cidadãos nos processos decisórios de assuntos complexos como a questão nuclear.
As Ilusões Inerentes aos Direitos Humanos
Authors: Leite Kelma Lima Cardoso
Published: November 2017

Redigido a partir do seu discurso de aceitação do título de doutor honoris causa pela Universidade de Brasília, o livro do professor português Boaventura de Sousa Santos, intitulado "Direitos Humanos, Democracia e Desenvolvimento", apresenta um prefácio do Professor José Geraldo Sousa Júnior, então reitor na UnB, e uma rápida apresentação realizada pela coautora da obra, a filósofa Marilena Chaui. A obra supracitada foi dividia pelo autor em dois capítulos e uma breve conclusão.           O proeminente estudioso dos direitos humanos, respeitado no meio jurídico brasileiro e internacional, inicia sua discussão convidando à reflexão acerca do paradoxo entre o discurso hegemônico dos direitos humanos e a realidade perturbadora de milhares de pessoas no mundo que constituem os não sujeitos de direitos humanos. Daí, segundo ele, a necessidade de se perguntar “será a hegemonia de que goza hoje o discurso dos direitos humanos o resultado de uma vitória histórica ou, pelo contrário, de uma derrota histórica?” O empreendimento investido na tentativa de responder a tal questionamento exigiu do referido teórico e pesquisador uma postura definida por ele mesmo como hermenêutica de suspeita, que suscita uma reflexão crítica da concepção convencionalmente construída pela matriz liberal ocidental. Para começar, Boaventura recupera historicamente a genealogia dos direitos e do direito na modernidade ocidental. O sociólogo ibero-americano afirma conceber as versões dominantes da modernidade ocidental como balizadas num pensamento abissal que dividiu o mundo entre sociedades metropolitanas e coloniais. 
Improving capability of conceptual modeling of watershed rainfall–runoff using hybrid wavelet-extreme learning machine approach
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Alizadeh Farhad , Nourani Vahid
Published: November 2017

Rainfall–runoff process identification, due to uncertainties and complexities, requires advanced modeling strategies. For this end, this study presented different strategies to explore spatio-temporal variation of rainfall–runoff process for the Ajichay watershed located in northwest Iran. Extreme learning machine (ELM) was used to predict the runoff in conceptual models. First, a geomorphology integrated ELM (G-ELM) was used to predict watershed runoff in multiple-stations form for the watershed. The spatial and temporal features of sub-basins were selected as input data wherein temporal features were pre-processed by wavelet transform (WT). Results confirmed the capability of G-ELM in successive prediction of watershed runoff. Afterwards, an integrated ELM (I-ELM) was developed based on conceptual reservoir modeling to predict monthly river runoff where the model had the semi-distributed specifications of ELM. This model was capable of exploring spatial variation of rainfall–runoff process without requiring physical characteristics of sub-basins. To meter sufficiency of the modeling strategies, cross-validation technique was performed for station 3 in which G-ELM performed better in comparison to I-ELMs. Furthermore, classic and wavelet-based modeling (W-ELM) of rainfall–runoff was performed for one-step-ahead predictions. Statistical evaluations confirmed the W-ELM, I-ELM, and G-ELM performance, respectively.
Microorganism levels in spray from warm-water bidet toilet seats: factors affecting total viable and heterotrophic plate counts, and examination of the fluctuations and origins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Iyo Toru , Asakura Keiko , Nakano Makiko , Omae Kazuyuki
Published: November 2017

The objectives of this study were to conduct an appropriate microbial evaluation of warm-water bidet toilet seats. Health-related advantages and disadvantages have been associated with using warm-water bidet toilet seats, which are classified according to the tank type, including tanks equipped with reservoir water heaters and on-demand tankless systems equipped with an instantaneous water heater. However, related bacterial research is sparse. Here, we performed a long-term survey of the behavior of microorganisms (i.e., the total viable count (TVC), heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa count) in a university campus. We also examined the differences between the tank and on-demand types, and the origins of P. aeruginosa. A low TVC (≤1/mL) in the spray waters from both on-demand and tank-type warm-water bidet toilet seats showed low bacterial contamination, although there was an increase in HPC, i.e., growth of biofilms, inside in the warm-water bidet toilet seats. When P. aeruginosa was detected in spray water over an extended duration, the P. aeruginosa origin was considered as either from feces or tap water. Collectively our findings demonstrate that hygienic safety of warm-water bidet toilet seats is being maintained overall.
A Rare Cause of Vaginal Discharge in a Pre-Pubertal Girl
Authors: Herle Koushik , Bal Harshjeet Singh
Published: November 2017

Vaginal discharge is not an uncommon gynaecological problem and is most commonly infective in origin. Foreign bodies in vagina are the most common non-infective cause of vaginal discharge. We report a case of 5-year-old girl with button battery in vagina causing walled off collection along with vaginal discharge. Child needed a laparotomy due to the dense synechiae caused by the battery leak.
Artificial Neural Network Modelling of Green Synthesised Silver Nanoparticles in Bentonite/Starch Bio-Nanocomposite
Authors: Thapliyal Anupama , Khar Roop Krishen , Chandra Amrish
Published: November 2017

Background:

In this study, computational Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is
applied for optimisation and evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) size in the bionanocomposite
matrix. The primary purpose of this study is used a feed-forward ANN model to
create a connection between the output as the size of Ag–NPs, with four inputs variables, including
AgNO3 concentration, the weight percentage of starch, Bentonite amount and Gallic acid concentration.

Method:

Silver nanoparticles were synthesised via biogenic green reduction method. The fast Levenberg–
Marquardt (LM) backpropagation algorithm applied for the training of ANN model in this
research. The optimised ANN is a multilayer perceptron (MLP) which is a kind of feed forward (4-
10-1) network has an input layer with 4 nodes, hidden layers with 10 neurones, and an output layer
with 1 node found a fitness function.

Results:

The output results of developed computational ANN model were compared to its predictive
values of the size of silver nanoparticles regarding two statistical parameters, the coefficient of determination
(R2) and mean square error (MSE) of data set. It observed that ANN predicted values are
close to the actual values and well fitted to the data. The mean square error(MSE) is 0.03, and a regression
is about 1.

Conclusion:

AgNO3 concentration has the most likely factor affecting the size of silver nanoparticles
(Ag–NPs) and this makes possible to develop a green reduction method for the preparation of silver
nanoparticles. This study confirms that employing ANN method with LM feed forward (4-10-1)
network is a useful tool with cost-effective for predicting the results of analysis and modelling of the
chemical reactions.
उच्चतरमाध्यमिक विद्यालयों में अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों के मूल्यों पर चलचि= के प्रभाव का अध्ययन
Authors: शर्मा प्रतिभा , सक्सेना प्रगति
Published: November 2017

चलचित्र केवल मनोरंजन का साधन नही है, बल्कि इसके माध्यम से अनेक कलाओं का भी विकास हुआ है। जहाँ चलचित्र से अनेक लाभ है, वहाँ कुछ हानियाँ भी हैं। चलचित्र देखकर दर्शक जीवन की वास्तविकता से दूर होकर हवाई किले बनाने लगता है। प्रस्तुत अध्ययन का उद्देश्य उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों के विभिन्न मूल्यों पर चलचित्र के प्रभाव का लिंग ;छात्र एवं छात्राओंद्ध एवं बोर्ड ;यू0पी0 बोर्ड एवं सी0बी0एस0ई बोर्डद्ध के सन्दर्भ में तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करना था।प्रस्तुत अध्ययन हेतु वर्णनात्मक सर्वेक्षण विधि और प्रतिदर्श चयन के लिए यादृच्छिक विधि का प्रयोग किया गया । इस अध्ययन मे उ0प्र0 राज्य के रूहेलखण्ड परिक्षेत्र केे अन्तर्गत बरेली महानगर केयू0पी0 बोर्ड तथा सी0बी0एस0सी0 बोर्ड के उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों मे से 109 विद्यार्थियों का चयन प्रतिदर्श के रूप मे किया गया। प्रस्तुत अध्ययन हेतु डा0 महालक्ष्मी ओझा और डाॅ राज कुमार ओझा’’ द्वारा निर्मित ‘मूल्य अभिविन्यास परीक्षण’ का प्रयोग किया गया । प्रस्तुत अध्ययन में विभिन्न लिंग एवं बोर्ड केविद्यार्थियों में विभिन्न मूल्यों पर चलचित्र के प्रभाव की दृष्टि से सार्थक अन्तर नही प्राप्त हुआ ।
Ensuring Social Inclusion and Quality in Learning of Children with Special Needs through Inclusive Teacher Education
Authors: Singh Vandana
Published: November 2017

Education acts as an instrument of Socialization, helping the individual to internalize the structures and processes of society and learn those skills and attitudes, which will enable him to take a meaningful place in society and contribute to its well being. Also, it helps in developing the capacity for critical thinking hence becomes a catalyst for social change. What happens in a situation, if the education does not reach all? You would agree that there is a global concern on ‘Education for All’ without compromising the quality. With this comes a challenging task to respond to wide array of students with different needs .At the school level, inclusive education seeks to address the learning needs of all with a specific focus on those who are marginalized due to some disability. The regular schools with inclusive orientation are the most effective means of combating discrimination, creating welcoming communities, building an inclusive society and achieving education for all (UNESCO, 1994). This has further restated in World Education Forum that school should accommodate all children regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic and other conditions, (Dakar, 2000). Also, the Indian National Policy on Education (1986) and National Curriculum Framework for school education (2000) emphasized the need for integration of all children with special needs in the regular schools.
CYBERCRIME: BIGGEST THREAT TO NATIONAL ECONOMY AND SECURITY
Authors: Verma Arun
Published: November 2017

“Cybercrime” also consist of engaging in conduct that is outlawed because it threatens order, cyberspace differs from crime primarily in the way it threatens order. Cybercrime differs from crime primarily in the way it is committed: Criminals use guns, whereas cybercriminals use computer technology. Most of the cybercrime we see today simply represents the migration of real world crime into cyberspace. Cyberspace becomes the tool, criminals use to commit old crimes in new way .…
The Use and Effects of Electronic Health Tools for Patient Self-Monitoring and Reporting of Outcomes Following Medication Use: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Lancaster Karla , Abuzour Aseel , Khaira Manmeet , Mathers Annalise , Chan April , Bui Vivian , Lok Annie , Thabane Lehana , Dolovich Lisa
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND

Electronic health (eHealth) tools are becoming increasingly popular for helping patients’ self-manage chronic conditions. Little research, however, has examined the effect of patients using eHealth tools to self-report their medication management and use. Similarly, there is little evidence showing how eHealth tools might prompt patients and health care providers to make appropriate changes to medication use.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this systematic review was to determine the impact of patients’ use of eHealth tools on self-reporting adverse effects and symptoms that promote changes to medication use. Related secondary outcomes were also evaluated.

METHODS

MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched from January 1, 2000, to April 25, 2018. Reference lists of relevant systematic reviews and included articles from the literature search were also screened to identify relevant studies. Title, abstract, and full-text review as well as data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by 2 reviewers. Due to high heterogeneity, results were not meta-analyzed and instead presented as a narrative synthesis.

RESULTS

A total of 14 studies, including 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 1 open-label intervention, were included, from which 11 unique eHealth tools were identified. In addition, 14 RCTs found statistically significant increases in positive medication changes as a result of using eHealth tools, as did the single open-label study. Moreover, 8 RCTs found improvement in patient symptoms following eHealth tool use, especially in adolescent asthma patients. Furthermore, 3 RCTs showed that eHealth tools might improve patient self-efficacy and self-management of chronic disease. Little or no evidence was found to support the effectiveness of eHealth tools at improving medication recommendations and reconciliation by clinicians, medication-use behavior, health service utilization, adverse effects, quality of life, or patient satisfaction. eHealth tools with multifaceted functionalities and those allowing direct patient-provider communication may be more effective at improving patient self-management and self-efficacy.

CONCLUSIONS

Evidence suggests that the use of eHealth tools may improve patient symptoms and lead to medication changes. Patients generally found eHealth tools useful in improving communication with health care providers. Moreover, health-related outcomes among frequent eHealth tool users improved in comparison with individuals who did not use eHealth tools frequently. Implementation issues such as poor patient engagement and poor clinician workflow integration were identified. More high-quality research is needed to explore how eHealth tools can be used to effectively manage use of medications to improve medication management and patient outcomes.
Urine Anion Gap to Predict Urine Ammonium and Related Outcomes in Kidney Disease
Authors: Raphael Kalani L. , Gilligan Sarah , Ix Joachim H.
Published: November 2017

Background and objectives

Low urine ammonium excretion is associated with ESRD in CKD. Few laboratories measure urine ammonium, limiting clinical application. We determined correlations between urine ammonium, the standard urine anion gap, and a modified urine anion gap that includes sulfate and phosphate and compared risks of ESRD or death between these ammonium estimates and directly measured ammonium.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We measured ammonium, sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphate, and sulfate from baseline 24-hour urine collections in 1044 African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension participants. We evaluated the cross-sectional correlations between urine ammonium, the standard urine anion gap (sodium + potassium − chloride), and a modified urine anion gap that includes urine phosphate and sulfate in the calculation. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models determined the associations of the standard urine anion gap and the modified urine anion gap with the composite end point of death or ESRD; these results were compared with results using urine ammonium as the predictor of interest.

Results

The standard urine anion gap had a weak and direct correlation with urine ammonium (r=0.18), whereas the modified urine anion gap had a modest inverse relationship with urine ammonium (r=−0.58). Compared with the highest tertile of urine ammonium, those in the lowest urine ammonium tertile had higher risk of ESRD or death (hazard ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.87) after adjusting for demographics, GFR, proteinuria, and other confounders. In comparison, participants in the corresponding standard urine anion gap tertile did not have higher risk of ESRD or death (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 1.07), whereas the risk for those in the corresponding modified urine anion gap tertile (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.68) approximated that of directly measured urine ammonium.

Conclusions

Urine anion gap is a poor surrogate of urine ammonium in CKD unless phosphate and sulfate are included in the calculation. Because the modified urine anion gap merely estimates urine ammonium and requires five measurements, direct measurements of urine ammonium are preferable in CKD.
A Comparative Analysis of the Characteristics of High-Speed Railway Network in China’s Metropolitan Areas
Authors: Su Qingmu , Chang Hsueh-Sheng
Published: November 2017

The role of high-speed rail network in the metropolitan areas is becoming more and more important, which has become one of the main ways of the city personnel contacts. This paper mainly uses the social network analysis method to revamp the six national metropolitan areas: metropolitan area of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, metropolitan area of Hachang, metropolitan area of Chengyu, metropolitan area of Yangtze River Delta, metropolitan area of Zhongyuan, metropolitan area of Beibu Gulf make a comparative analysis. The macroscopic and microscopic angles are used to calculate and compare the overall network characteristics, centrality, core-periphery structure and cohesion subgroups. It is mainly due to the fact that the high-speed rail network structure of the six major metropolitan areas needs to be improved. Metropolitan area of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and metropolitan area of Zhongyuan are relatively good the integrity and the connectivity. Metropolitan area of Yangtze River Delta is the highest utilization rate of resources. Metropolitan area of Hachang is the highest network density. Metropolitan area of Chengyu is outstanding between core and periphery. Metropolitan area of Beibu Gulf network of organizations is broken. Therefore, when layout of high-speed rail infrastructure, we should consider the high-speed rail network resource utilization, balance high-speed rail traffic within the metropolitan areas, thus enhancing the city’s high-speed rail accessibility and convenience.
DIREITOS HUMANOS E IDENTIDADE CULTURAL: A MUTILAÇÃO GENITAL FEMININA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES PARA OS DIREITOS DAS MULHERES
HUMAN RIGHTS AND CULTURAL IDENTITY: FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR WOMEN'S RIGHTS
Authors: Lucas (Unijuí/RS) Doglas Cesar , Ghisleni (Unijuí/RS) Pâmela Copetti
Published: November 2017

Embora não seja possível fornecer um número exato, de acordo com o recente relatório Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Global Concern, elaborado pela UNICEF – United Nations Children's Fund, estima-se que aproximadamente 200 milhões de meninas e mulheres em trinta países já foram submetidas à mutilação genital. Essa prática cultural é endossada por discursos comunitaristas radicais e pela vertente conservadora do multiculturalismo. A globalização faz da pluralidade cultural um fenômeno cada vez mais evidente e nos apresenta questionamentos sobre como conciliar a universalidade dos direitos humanos com esse fato de que a contemporaneidade apresenta demandas cada vez mais plurais, segmentadas e ao mesmo tempo específicas. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo propõe um olhar crítico sobre o relativismo cultural e suas implicações no que diz respeito à mutilação genital feminina, sem olvidar, contudo, da importância dos laços de pertença com a comunidade. É que embora não seja possível reduzir os direitos humanos à experiência Ocidental, há uma dimensão comum em todos seres humanos que deve ser tutelada, independentemente da sua cultura, e cuja violação implica em profanar a si mesmo.
VERDADE E DIREITO: INTERPRETAÇÕES HISTÓRICAS E ESCATOLÓGICAS, A PROPOSTA PRAGMÁTICA DE WILLIAM JAMES E SUAS RAÍZES NO IDEALISMO ALEMÃO
TRUTH AND LAW: HISTORICAL AND SCATOLOGIC INTERPRETATIONS, THE PRAGMATIC PROPOSAL OF WILIAM JAMES AND THEIR GERMAN IDEALIST ROOTS
Authors: Rêgo (Faculdade Damas) George Browne
Published: November 2017

Os conceitos de Lei e Verdade são examinados pela primeira vez, contrastando sua interpretação teológica e metafísica com a histórica. O julgamento de Jesus Cristo está tomando como paradigma de Agamben para ilustrar as dificuldades de conciliação de uma decisão judicial com eles. Então, a interpretação religiosa pragmática da verdade de William James é selecionada como alternativa, para além desse problema de quebra-cabeças. O idealismo alemão, principalmente o hegeliano, tem raízes na metodologia pragmática. O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar como a metodologia idealista de Hegel ajudou o pragmatismo de James a reconciliar interpretações históricas, religiosas e legais.
A RELAÇÃO NECESSÁRIA ENTRE A DECLARAÇÃO UNIVERSAL DE 1948 E O IMPERATIVO CATEGÓRICO KANTIANO
THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF 1948 AND KANT’S CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE
Authors: Grubba (UFSC) Leilane Serratine
Published: November 2017

A Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, de 1948, promulgada pela Organização das Nações Unidas, é um dos principais documentos inter-nacionais de direitos humanos, que busca preceituar direitos e liberdades para todos os seres humanos. A pesquisa busca analisar qual o fundamen-to da Declaração Universal e dos direitos humanos e liberdades nela pre-vistos. A hipótese preliminar apresentada é considerar e averiguar se o imperativo categórico kantiano, com a sua noção de autonomia, dignida-de e moralidade universal, pode ser considerado o fundamento dos direi-tos e liberdades previstos pela Declaração Universal. Isso porque, ao preceituar direitos e liberdades inerentes e universais, a Declaração de 1948 parece se fundamentar nos dois grandes imperativos categóricos kantia-nos: universalize a sua máxima (universalidade dos direitos humanos) e tratar todos os humanos como fins em si mesmos, nunca como meio (dignidade e direitos inerentes).
Prunning technique and foliar fertilizer application to improve yield of pecco in fourth prunning year of tea plant
Authors: Haq Muthia syafika , Mastur Adhi Irianto , Karyudi Dr H
Published: November 2017

Effect of prunning technique and foliar fertilizer application had been conducted to improve yield of pecco in the Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona experiment station, Gambung, Indonesia with altitude of 1.350 m above sea level, and with andysol soil type. The experiment was held from July to October 2015 in tea production field area containing 480 plants. The clone was GMB 7and was in the fourth prunning year, interval of plucking pecco was seven days. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four treatments, replicated six times. Foliar fertilizer application was performed following every plucking. The results indicated that breaking apical dominance of tea short by 5 cmâ€“10 cm of prunning above plucking table combined with foliar fertilizer application of N 1% and ZnSo4 2% + 0,1% of humic acid, could increase weight of pecco per plot in the first nine weeks of the prunning. This treatment was better than the other three. But the percentage of pecco shoots was low, lower than 50%, the weight of one pecco was also very low 0,7 g, indicating that the treatment of harvesting pecco in the fourth prunning year was not recomended to be practiced in improving yield of pecco.
The influence of El-Nino on microclimate change and soil water content in Gambung tea plantation
Authors: Rezamela Erdiansyah , Dalimoenthe Salwa Lubnan
Published: November 2017

The very strong intensity of 2015 El-Nino affected on microclimate change and soil water content of Gambung Tea Plantation. The observation results indicated that in the year of 2015 Gambung was experienced four dry months (with rainfall <60 mm), with maximum air temperature 30,8ÂºC and air humidity dropped to 65%. These condition were not suitable for tea plant to grow well, which normally required two dry months at minimum (rainfall < 60 mm), air temperature of 18â€“25ÂºC, and with relative humidity of above 70%. The affected areas by drought were present in a map (see Figure 3 of the text). About 65% of the total blocks (north section about 80% and south section about 50%) of Gambung tea plantation were affected by drought. The worst affected were blocks A6 (north section) and B8 (south section). In these blocks, about 54.70% of plant were in normal growth condition; 14.65% were in temporary and permanent wilting status; 25.34% in the state of dropping their leaves; 5.19% of the plants with dried buds twigs, and 0.12% with dried twigs and dried old branches. The soil water content (at 10 cm depth) in these blocks dropped to 7.02% and 4.99% from normally required at minimum 30%.
Antibacteririal avtivities of Bacillus cereus and Shigella dysenteriae of white tea extract in several variation of solvents
Authors: Widyasanti Asri , Priantiwi Andita Mega , Rohdiana Dadan
Published: November 2017

Tea is used in the food, cosmetic, and herbal drug industries. White tea is a kind of tea containing a relatively high polyphenol content compared to other kind of tea, and thus has the potential of being used as a natural antibacterial. The objective of this research was to study the antibacterial activity of ofÂ  white tea extract in several variation ofÂ  13 % (w/v) concentration of solvents to the activity of gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Shigella dysenteriae). Laboratorium experimental method was used in this descriptive study. The antibacterial activity study was comprised of estimating inhibition area and total of bacterial growth. The results revealed that white tea extract inhibited bacterial growth, indicating that white tea extract from the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and 96% ethanol solvents could be developed as an antibacterial material. The diameter of the inhibition area to Bacillus cereus bacteria for n - hexane , ethyl acetate, andÂ  ethanol 13 % (w/ v)Â  solvents were 0.6 mm, 10.5 mm and 1.75 mm, respectively; while for Shigella dysenteriae bacteria were 0,5 mm, 9,86 mmÂ  and 10,6 mm, respectively. The total growth of Bacillus cereus bacteria for n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 13 % (w/v) solvent were 1.3 x 107, 6.0 x 106, andÂ  1.1 x 104 CFU / ml , and of Shigella dysenteriae bacteria wereÂ  1.0 x 107, Â 6.5 x 106 and 4.6 x 106 CFU / ml, respectively.
Optimization and characterization of green tea polyphenol extract from various solvents
Authors: Shabri Shabri , Rohdiana Dadan
Published: November 2017

Tea has a high content of polyphenols with potent antioxidant activity and beneficial for health. Availability of polyphenols extract is still very limited. The aim of this study to optimation and characterization of green tea polyphenol extract base on some solvents. Parameters analyzed were polyphenol content and yield of some extraction process conditions. This result showed that extraction by the ratio of tea and solvent was 1 : 15 b/v, extracted by acetone 70% solution in temperature 600C for 15 minutes obtain polyphenol content of 53,30% b/b and total yield of 40,17% b/b.
Vegetative growth ability of artificial cross pollinated of tea clones
Authors: Syahrian Heri , Rahadi Vitria Puspita , Ruhaendi Endi , Santoso Budi
Published: November 2017

Vegetative propagation is common system that carried out in tea propagation. Seedling propagation was not reliable due to time consuming and phenotypic variability in seed plant. Despite yield potential, good quality, pest and disease resistant characters, the easy of vegetative propagation is very important character in tea breeding process. The aim of this study is to selected clones that resulted by artificial pollination for an ability of vegetative propagation character. Plant materials that tested in this experiment were the seed from the vegetative propagation of 14 clones, and GMB 7 clone as a control. Randomized Block Design was used in this experiment by 3 replications. The data analysis was ANOVA and Scott Knott test. The result of the experiment showed that clone number 41, 45, 38, 149, X5, X3, 122, 78, and 44, were the easiest clones to be vegetative propagated.
Verbal Impoliteness, Strategies and Typology
Authors: Radu Carmen-Ioana
Published: November 2017

This presentation has as a starting point the linguistic theories of politeness and the reverse phenomenon, verbal impoliteness. The impoliteness theories and the theories of conflict are parallel, but opposed to those of politeness. Despite this, the newest research in the domain do not admit the description of the impoliteness phenomenon as a mere deviation from the theories of politeness or as a phenomenon that breaks rules and maxims of cooperative and polite communication. Politeness or impoliteness of a speech act represents an aspect related to degree or level; the impoliteness phenomenon cannot be simply regarded as a secondary phenomenon, derived from that of politeness. Verbal impoliteness, a constitutive aspect of conflictive communication, is a type of non-cooperative prototypical behaviour, but it is not necessary that this behaviour should be entirely and permanently irrational or competitive. All these aspects are going to be highlighted by means of conversational analysis done on the basis of some minutes that reproduce working sessions of the Romanian Senate and on the basis of a transcription of a television programme, namely a talk show.
Caraterização do Sistema de Compensação - Um Estudo em Seis Empresas
Authors: Fernandes Maria De Fátima , Santos José Rebelo dos
Published: November 2017

A presente investigação procura analisar qual o tipo de Sistema de Compensação que as empresas em estudo adotam. Este é um dos fatores mais importantes a ter em conta numa organização pois é um elemento que intervém de forma relevante, tanto na posição competitiva da organização no mercado de trabalho como nas relações que mantém comos seus trabalhadores.Do ponto de vista metodológico optámos pela abordagem qualitativa através de entrevistas aos responsáveis de Recursos Humanos das empresas e pela análise documental. Pretendemos captar as perspetivas dos responsáveis de Recursos Humanos de diferentes organizações e setores de atividade, no sentido de compreender qual o tipo de compensações que estas empresas adotam.De acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo, foi possível constatar que o departamento de Recursos Humanos intervém de forma relevante na definição da politica de compensações, em colaboração com outras direções. Foi também permitido observar que as organizações consideram que a remuneração variável constitui um fator importante para motivar, reconhecer e recompensar os trabalhadores pelo seu desempenho e que todas as empresasoferecem aos seus trabalhadores o seguro de saúde, como um dos benefícios sociais.
Burnout: Um Estudo em Profissionais de Saúde
Authors: Santos Rebecca Demarchi dos , Correia Anabela
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se os profissionais de saúde apresentam a síndrome de burnout e analisar a sua relação com as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais. O burnout foi definido de acordo com três dimensões: exaustão emocional, despersonalização e realização pessoal (Maslach e Jackson, 1997). A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 117 profissionais de saúde de dois hospitais da região de saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo. Verificámos que estes profissionais de saúde apresentam níveis médios de exaustão emocional, despersonalização e realização pessoal. As variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais que mais se associam com o burnout são a idade, o estado civil e o número de horas que trabalha por dia. Os resultados obtidos são discutidos no contexto da saúde e bem-estar dos profissionais de saúde nas organizações.
Papéis Profissioanis dos Gestores de Recursos Humanos: Uma Reflexão a Partir de Testemunhos Escritos
Authors: Almeida António José
Published: November 2017

Partindo da proposta teórica de Ulrich (1996), baseada num modelo multi-papel capaz de tornar os profissionais de recursos humanos efectivos parceiros do negócio, ao assumirem-se como especialistas administrativos, campeões dos trabalhadores, parceiros estratégicos e agentes da mudança, com este texto pretendemos discutir o modo como os profissionais de gestão de recursos humanos portugueses vêem o seu papel profissional nos próximos anos. Para tal recorremos a dados secundários disponibilizados num site português ligado ao campo dos profissionais de recursos humanos, pessoas@2020, a partir do qual procedemos à análise de conteúdo de 60 testemunhos escritos de gestores de recursos humanos. Os resultados obtidos permitem-nos concluir que os gestores de recursos humanos tendem aassumir uma multiplicidade de papéis em que o de agente da mudança parece sobrepor-se aos restantes num quadro marcado pela necessiade de lidar com situações novas e mobilizar e desenvolver os trabalhadores e as equipas.
Le@der 3.0 Academy
Authors: Manzini Simonetta , Barroca Ana , Neto Catarina
Published: November 2017

Le@d3.0 Academy intends to create a knowledge alliance between Academy and Industry to widespread the use of Web3.0/Open Educational Resources (OER) by trainers to develop those Strategic e-Leadership skills (Se-Ls) that are required by the labour market in the Digital Age.Le@d3.0 focuses on trainers as changing agents and aims at: identifying new Leaders’ transversal competencies needs (decision making, people management, strategic vision, design, creativity, intra/entrepreneurship) and how to raise them using innovative methods; undertaking a gap-analysis to identify the competencies trainers are lacking to effectively develop Web3.0/OER based learning programs to train and enhance Se-Ls; shaping, deploying and testing an open virtual environment & an educational tool kit for trainers enabling learning processes aimed at Se-Ls; and, setting up a Community of Practice (CoP) of trainers to use Web3.0/OER in Strategic e-skills education.Partners from 7 European Union countries will assure a wide dissemination of project’s outputs and results and will create an international Le@d3.0 Academy for Se-Ls devoted both to trainers of the academic and business world (primary target group) and to students/managers/entrepreneurs (secondary one).This communication intends to provide a first overview on the Le@d3.0 project’s main goals and research findings, exploring how strategic leadership skills are affected by the digital age and how they can be embedded in learning contents and processes, in universities, business schools and corporate academies.
Strategi Pengajaran Sains dengan Analogi Suatu Metode Alternatif Pengajaran Sains Sekolah
Authors: Prastowo Tjipto
Published: November 2017

Peran analogi sebagai salah satu strategi pengajaran sains dalam menunjang proses belajar mengajar di sekolah sangat besar. Strategi ini dapat digunakan sebagai suatu metode alternatif untuk memecahkan kebuntuan komunikasi belajar antara guru dan siswa, khususnya bila siswa menghadapi kesulitan belajar dalam hal memahami materi ajar baru namun memiliki kemiripan alur berpikir dengan materi ajar sebelumnya. Sebagai basis berpikir metode pengajaran dengan analogi, artikel ini akan memperkenalkan dan mendiskusikan dua konsep utama, yaitu: konsep rujukan, materi ajar yang sudah dipahami sebelumnya oleh siswa, dan konsep target, materi ajar yang akan dipahamkan kepada siswa. Pembahasan kedua konsep tersebut akan disertai dengan beberapa contoh kasus dalam pengajaran fisika di sekolah. Tidak tertutup kemungkinan bagi para guru di kelas untuk memanfaatkan metode alternatif ini sebagai salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir siswa. Dengan demikian, pengayaan materi ajar tidak saja dapat dilakukan melalui latihan soal berulang dan berjenjang, melainkan juga dapat dengan memperkenalkan paradigma baru agar diperoleh spektrum pemahaman materi ajar yang lebih luas dan komprehensif.
APLIKASI METODE DISKUSI DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF, AFEKTIF DAN SOSIAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SAINS
Authors: Dwikoranto D
Published: November 2017

Metode diskusi dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran sains untuk mengembangkan kemampuan kognitif dan afektif siswa. Juga dapat melatihkan keterampilan social, sifat toleransi dan kemampuan analisis kritis dan kreatif dalam memecahkan suatu masalah. Diskusi dapat pula dipergunakan untuk mengawali inkuiri dalam sains dan mengembangkan keterampilan memecahkan masalah, merumuskan suatu hipotesis, menguji jawaban yang bersifat tentatif, mencari solusi dan generalisasi. Keberhasilan suatu diskusi bergantung pada fleksibilitas guru dan kebijaksanaan guru, kemampuan guru dalam mengorganisir jalannya diskusi, keluasaan ilmu guru, aktivitas siswa, pengaturan lingkungan fisik, dan penjadwalan. Hambatan terhadap salah satu faktor tersebut akan mengurangi keefektifan diskusi. Pemilihan topik-topik yang menarik, kontroversial dan isu yang sedang berkembang mendukung keberhasilan dalam diskusi.
PEMETAAN TOPOGRAFI, GEOFISIKA DAN GEOLOGI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Bahri Syaeful , Madlazim M
Published: November 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diperolehnya suatu informasi tentang kondisi geologi, geofisika dan hidrogeologi di wilayah Kota Surabaya, diperolehnya kerangka acuan dalam pengambilan kebijakan perkotaan terkait mitigasi bencana maupun pembangunan kota berdasarkan potensi kebumian dan diperolehnya manfaat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang geologi dan geofisika bagi peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat Kota Surabaya. melalui tahap inventarisasi yang Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu tahap pengumpulan data sekunder dan studi literature yang meliputi; inventarisasi data geofisika, inventarisasi data geologi dan inventarisasi data seismologi yang meliputi pengumpulan data kegempaan dari tahun ke tahun yang merusak dan dirasakan penduduk Surabaya, data seismotektonik Surabaya. Tahap selanjutnya adalah kajian dan analisa data peta topografi dan geologi. Pada tahap ini yang dilakukan analisa/interpretasikan data dari peta dasar citra satelit resolusi tinggi, studi literatur dan kebijakan yang terkait. Pada tahap evaluasi dan pemetaan hasil, yang dilakukan adalah kompilasi, evaluasi dan interpretasi data geologi, geofisika dan hidrogeologi. Tahap akhir adalah merumuskan secara makro tentang arahan kebijakan mitigasi bencana dan pembangunan bawah bumi yang dapat dilakukan. Rekomendasi hasil penelitian ini adalah titik pertama lokasi di sebelah barat kampus Stikom Surabaya di Sebelah barat Kampus Stikom Surabaya. Di dapatkan pada kedalaman (0,44–5,48 dan 0,44–5,48) lapisan atas didominasi oleh selang seling lapisan aquiver asin dan payau.Aquiver produktif rendah  sampai sedang (aquiver tawar) berupa pasir sisipan lempung, pasir, pasir sisipan kerikil. Diperkirakan aquiver ini berada di kedalaman mulai 25 hingga 100 meter. Titik kedua lokasi di Jl. Kenjeran - Mulyorejo Surabaya. Di dapatkan lapisan atas didominasi oleh selang seling lapisan aquiver asin, payau dan tawar. Akuifer produktif rendah sampai sedang berupa pasir sisipan lempung, pasir, pasir sisipan kerikil. Diperkirakan aquiver ini berada di kedalaman mulai 40 hingga 100 meter. Titik Ketiga Lokasi Jl. Raya Tandes Margomulyo Surabaya. Di dapatkan bahwa lapisan atas didominasi oleh lapisan aquiver asin. Berdasarkan gambar penampang tersebut terlihat bahwa terdapat dua batas antara lapisan aluvium dan formasi Kabuh, dan juga terlihat adanya fenomena dorongan pengisian siklus hidrologi yang menyusup melewati formasi Kabuh, mengingat formasi ini didominasi oleh lapisan lempung, pasir, kerikil dengan tingkat porositas sedang hingga tinggi. Aquiver tawar diduga berada di kedalaman mulai 40 hingga 100 meter.Titik Keempat di Timur Kampus UWK Surabaya. Di dapatkan bahwa lapisan atas didominasi oleh lapisan aquiver asin. Berdasarkan gambar penampang tersebut terlihat bahwa terdapat dua batas antara lapisan aluvium dan formasi Kabuh, dan juga terlihat adanya fenomena dorongan pengisian siklus hidrologi yang menyusup melewati formasi Kabuh.