bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Double-power-law Feature of Energetic Particles Accelerated at Coronal Shocks
Authors: Yu Feiyu , Kong Xiangliang , Guo Fan , Liu Wenlong , Jiang Zelong , Chen Yao , Giacalone Joe
Published: February 2022

Recent observations have shown that in many large solar energetic particle (SEP) events the event-integrated differential spectra resemble double power laws. We perform numerical modeling of particle acceleration at coronal shocks propagating through a streamer-like magnetic field by solving the Parker transport equation, including protons and heavier ions. We find that for all ion species the energy spectra integrated over the simulation domain can be described by a double power law, and the break energy depends on the ion charge-to-mass ratio as E

B
∼ (Q/A)
α
, with α varying from 0.16 to 1.2 by considering different turbulence spectral indices. We suggest that the double-power-law distribution may emerge as a result of the superposition of energetic particles from different source regions where the acceleration rates differ significantly due to particle diffusion. The diffusion and mixing of energetic particles could also provide an explanation for the increase of Fe/O at high energies as observed in some SEP events. Although further mixing processes may occur, our simulations indicate that either a power-law break or rollover can occur near the Sun and predict that the spectral forms vary significantly along the shock front, which may be examined by upcoming near-Sun SEP measurements from the Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter.
First report of the genus Tenuibaetis (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Thailand revealing a complex of cryptic species
Authors: Suttinun Chanaporn , Gattolliat Jean-Luc , Boonsoong Boonsatien
Published: February 2022

A new species of the genusTenuibaetisKang & Yang, 1994 is described from Thailand and the genus is reported for the first time from this country.Tenuibaetis panhaisp. nov.is easily distinguished from other knownTenuibaetisby the complete absence of hindwing pads. Molecular evidence based on COI confirmed the validity of the new species. Additional putative species ofTenuibaetisbased on molecular evidence only are considered as Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) without description. The morphological characters of the new species and its closely related species are discussed; a key to the Oriental species is provided.
A striking color variation is detected in Ponera testacea Emery, 1895 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) across its Western Palaearctic geographic range
Authors: Csősz Sándor , Kiran Kadri , Karaman Celal , Lapeva-Gjonova Albena
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we provide numeric morphology-based evidence that the dark-colored Ponera coarctata var. lucida Emery, 1898, formerly considered a synonym ofP. coarctata(Latreille, 1802), is conspecific with the lighter-coloredPonera testaceaEmery, 1895. Species hypotheses are developed via NC-PART clustering, combined with Partitioning Algorithm based on Recursive Thresholding (PART), and via PCA combined with gap statistics. We obtained our results from an extensive dataset from the 10 continuous morphometric traits measured on 165 workers belonging to 73 nest samples. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) confirmed the grouping of hypotheses generated by exploratory analyses with 100% classification success when all ten morphometric traits were involved. The Anatolian Turkish black and the predominantly European yellow samples, did not separate based on their morphometric characteristics. These two color variations broadly overlap in their geographic range in Anatolian Turkey. The investigated type series of Ponera coarctata var. lucida Emery, 1898 (collected from Kazakhstan) fell within theP. testaceacluster instead ofP. coarctataand is also classified with high certainty asP. testaceaby confirmatory LDA. Therefore, we propose the synonymy of Ponera coarctata var. lucida Emery, 1898 withPonera testaceaEmery, 1895. As no other morphological differences than color patterns were detected between the “black” and “pale”P. testaceasamples, we hold that these populations constitute geographically occurring color variations of the same species. Finally, our quantitative morphology-based results show that relying on color patterns is not a robust approach in identifying EuropeanPonerasamples, particularly in the east, but using multivariate analyses of morphometric traits is advised instead.
Profiling Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Children Undergoing Treatment for Spondyloarthritis and Polyarthritis
Authors: McHugh Anne , Chan Avis , Herrera Carolyn , Park Jennifer M. , Balboni Imelda , Gerstbacher Dana , Hsu Joyce J. , Lee Tzielan , Thienemann Margo , Frankovich Jennifer
Published: February 2022

Objective

Few studies examine psychopathology in different juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) subtypes and disease activity states. We aimed to (1) evaluate emotional and behavioral symptoms in children with juvenile spondyloarthritis (SpA) and polyarticular arthritis (PolyA) as compared to a national normative population using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and (2) evaluate the relationship between CBCL scores and disease activity.

Methods

Patients with JIA aged 6–17 years with SpA or PolyA were recruited from our pediatric rheumatology clinic from April 2018 to April 2019 and the CBCL and clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 10 joints (cJADAS10) were completed. Primary outcome measures were CBCL total competence, internalizing, externalizing, and total problems raw scores. We compared outcomes from each group to national CBCL normative data. To investigate the relationship between CBCL scores and disease activity, we ran a generalized linear regression model for all patients with arthritis with cJADAS10 as the main predictor.

Results

There were 111 patients and 1753 healthy controls (HCs). Compared to HCs, patients with SpA or PolyA had worse total competence and internalizing scores. Higher cJADAS10 scores were associated with worse total competence, worse internalizing, and higher total problems scores. Most of these differences reached statistical significance (P< 0.01). Self-harm/suicidality was almost 4-fold higher in patients with PolyA than HCs (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3–9.6,P= 0.011).

Conclusion

Our study shows that patients with SpA and PolyA with more active disease have worse psychological functioning in activities, school, and social arenas, and more internalized emotional disturbances, suggesting the need for regular mental health screening by rheumatologists.
L’anthropologie phénoménologique de Hans Blumenberg
Authors: Zambon Nicola
Published: February 2022

L’analyse critique de la phénoménologie husserlienne par Blumenberg conduit à reconstruire et interpréter les aspects les plus importants de l’anthropologie phénoménologique de Blumenberg, ce qui passe par une attention particulière 1) à sa confrontation avec la méthode phénoménologique husserlienne ; 2) à sa théorie du monde de la vie, qui rend compte des structures de signification évidentes modelant l’expérience humaine quotidienne. Cette expérience a des configurations historiques, qui sont l’objet de la réflexion de Blumenberg.
Une COP en demi-teinte
Authors: Jouzel Jean , Euvé François
Published: February 2022

Le bilan de la COP 26 apparaît contrasté. D’un côté, les instances politiques prennent en compte le travail des scientifiques du Giec et un nombre croissant de pays ont adopté l’objectif de neutralité carbone à horizon de 2050, nécessaire pour limiter le réchauffement à 1,5 degré. De l’autre, les mesures effectives sont très insuffisantes. La solidarité avec les pays du Sud est déficiente. Même dans les pays développés, l’adaptation aux conséquences du réchauffement climatique sera très difficile.
Le Sri Lanka, victime de la diplomatie « prédatrice » de la Chine ?
Authors: Guyot Lola
Published: February 2022

Les liens entre le Sri Lanka et la Chine se sont considérablement renforcés ces dernières années. Cette alliance est-elle caractéristique de la politique d’expansion chinoise en Asie ? Elle reflète plutôt les choix politiques des gouvernements sri lankais successifs qui trouvent dans l’aide chinoise un moyen d’obtenir des financements qui, à la différence de ceux des pays occidentaux, ne sont pas conditionnés par des réformes politiques.
Où va la droite ?
Authors: Perrineau Pascal , Euvé François
Published: February 2022

Les primaires des Républicains ont manifesté une grande unité du parti autour de celle qui les a remportées, Valérie Pécresse. Cette unité est sans doute vouée à durer. Mais le bon score d’Éric Ciotti montre la difficulté à rassembler deux types d’électorat. Au-delà de la présidentielle, les élections législatives seront un autre enjeu important.
Ce que la psychanalyse apporte à la psychiatrie
Authors: L’Heuillet Hélène
Published: February 2022

Les relations de la psychiatrie et de la psychanalyse sont aujourd’hui revenues au point d’incommunication qui était le leur au début de l’entreprise freudienne. À partir de ses entretiens avec Marcel Czermak, fondateur de l’école psychanalytique de l’hôpital Sainte-Anne, Hélène L’Heuillet revient sur les apports de la psychanalyse à la psychiatrie en montrant que la clinique découle de la prise en compte des effets du langage sur la psychè humaine.
Quand l’écologie s’impose en littérature
Authors: Barontini Riccardo , Schoentjes Pierre
Published: February 2022

La question écologique a connu un développement remarquable ces dernières années dans l’espace littéraire français, de concert avec la présence toujours plus significative dans le débat public de l’urgence environnementale. De la montée des mouvements verts en politique à l’encyclique Laudato si’ actualisant l’enseignement franciscain, des alertes lancées par la communauté scientifique à l’engagement de la jeunesse face à la crise climatique, l’écologie s’est configurée comme un idéal global, capable de rassembler largement. Les écrivains s’emparent désormais de ces problématiques en diffusant un nouvel imaginaire de l’écosystème.
Soigner sans compter. Les agents de l’hôpital public face à l’épidémie de Covid-19
Authors: Gelly Maud , Spire Alexis
Published: February 2022

L’épidémie de Covid-19 survenue en mars 2020 a mobilisé tous les personnels des hôpitaux les plus touchés et a contraint leur administration à suspendre les restrictions budgétaires pour accueillir l’afflux de malades. À partir d’une enquête qualitative menée dans deux hôpitaux d’Île-de-France et du Grand-Est, cette contribution montre ce qu’a représenté ce moment critique pour les personnels de ces institutions. Les auteurs mettent en évidence les ressorts d’un service public qui est confronté à des besoins débordant ses capacités. Dans ce contexte, les personnels ont consenti à fournir un surtravail et à s’investir dans leur mission sans compter, bien au-delà de ce que prévoient les règlements. Cet engagement trouve sa source dans l’intériorisation de la norme du travail bien fait et dans l’attachement à des collectifs de travail qui ont porté les agents durant cette période. Les rapports de domination entre catégories de personnels et entre services hospitaliers n’ont pas pour autant disparu et ont resurgi avec d’autant plus d’acuité une fois la crise passée.
Machine learning and deep learning based methods toward industry 4.0 predictive maintenance in induction motors: State of the art survey
Authors: Drakaki Maria , Karnavas Yannis L. , Tziafettas Ioannis A. , Linardos Vasilis , Tzionas Panagiotis
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Developments in Industry 4.0 technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have enabled data-driven manufacturing. Predictive maintenance (PdM) has therefore become the prominent approach for fault detection and diagnosis (FD/D) of induction motors (IMs). The maintenance and early FD/D of IMs are critical processes, considering that they constitute the main power source in the industrial production environment. Machine learning (ML) methods have enhanced the performance and reliability of PdM. Various deep learning (DL) based FD/D methods have emerged in recent years, providing automatic feature engineering and learning and thereby alleviating drawbacks of traditional ML based methods. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of ML and DL based FD/D methods of IMs that have emerged since 2015. An overview of the main DL architectures used for this purpose is also presented. A discussion of the recent trends is given as well as future directions for research.Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive survey has been carried out through all available publication databases using related keywords. Classification of the reviewed works has been done according to the main ML and DL techniques and algorithmsFindings: DL based PdM methods have been mainly introduced and implemented for IM fault diagnosis in recent years. Novel DL FD/D methods are based on single DL techniques as well as hybrid techniques. DL methods have also been used for signal preprocessing and moreover, have been combined with traditional ML algorithms to enhance the FD/D performance in feature engineering. Publicly available datasets have been mostly used to test the performance of the developed methods, however industrial datasets should become available as well. Multi-agent system (MAS) based PdM employing ML classifiers has been explored. Several methods have investigated multiple IM faults, however, the presence of multiple faults occurring simultaneously has rarely been investigated.Originality/value: The paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent advances in PdM of IMs based on ML and DL methods that have emerged since 2015.
Implementing the Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Nursing Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Moulton Jillian , Dickerson Pam
Published: February 2022

The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Commission on Accreditation in Nursing Continuing Professional Development (NCPD) has endorsed and adopted the new interprofessional Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education (the Standards), which replace the previous ANCC Content Integrity Standards. The first column in this two-column series, which appeared last month, described the why, what, and when of the new Standards. This second column will address the how of the new Standards and will outline strategies to successfully implement the new Standards in accredited organizations. Case scenario examples will be discussed to provide clarity on applying the Standards to commonly encountered situations.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(2):52–54.]
La tradition des oracles sibyllins dévoilée par les inscriptions des peintures des écoinçons du rond-point de Notre-Dame-la-Grande de Poitiers (fin xie-début xiie siècle) : à propos d’un article récent
Authors: Kumaoka Soline
Published: February 2022

Les peintures murales de Notre-Dame-la-Grande, rendues visibles grâce à la technologie la plus récente, ont été parfaitement élucidées par Robert Favreau. Nous nous contentons d’y ajouter trois éléments : une série d’études sur l’élaboration de la tradition liturgique ayant comme origine le Sermon contre les Juifs de Quodvultdeus et les deux sources potentielles mentionnant les prophétesses-sibylles : la sibylle érythréenne, dont l’acrostiche était si connu, venant peut-être directement de l’œuvre d’Augustin ou plus probablement d’un des auteurs qui l’ont cité, par exemple Fréculf de Lisieux dans son Historia ; la sibylle tiburtine, avec l’oracle qui lui est attribué, un texte largement diffusé à partir du xiie siècle. Les traces de la transmission de ces deux textes en Poitou sont bien présentes dans la Chronique de Saint-Maixent, un recueil gigantesque de divers textes, constitué avant 1124, et une source capitale pour l’histoire philologique et codicologique du Poitou et des régions avoisinantes. La source directe de la clause prophétique de la sibylle tiburtine reste indéterminée. Nous pouvons seulement indiquer qu’elle est répandue à partir du xve siècle, dans des textes dont l’incipit est identique à celui de l’œuvre poitevine gravée trois siècles auparavant.
« Migrants et dialectes » dans la presse italienne : représentations, enjeux et implications
Authors: Villa Valeria
Published: February 2022

Cette contribution vise à montrer les représentations des immigrés véhiculées par la presse italienne au travers de la mise en valeur de leurs compétences linguistiques. Nous nous concentrons notamment sur la visibilité accordée par les médias – même par le biais de la polyphonie énonciative – à leur emploi et/ou connaissance des dialectes italiens, sur les implications dans leur intégration sociale et sur l’image de leurs pratiques linguistiques.
La description des sociétés Amérindiennes et l’interrogation sur les structures de pouvoir dans les lettres de voyage d’Amerigo Vespucci au début du XVIe siècle
Authors: Cifoni-Roque Céline
Published: February 2022

Voyageur florentin contemporain de Colomb, Amerigo Vespucci présente dans ses lettres de voyage un regard original sur la société Amérindienne des côtes du Brésil actuel. Son interrogation sur la présence ou l’absence de structures de pouvoir qui régiraient les populations cannibales, dont il décrit le mode de vie, amène ses lecteurs à remettre en question leur point de vue ethnocentriste sur la différence culturelle.
Image(s) et Constitution(s). Un regard français sur le savoir constitutionnel canadien
Authors: Blanc Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Le phénomène constitutionnel est en transition, du positivisme au pluralisme juridique : il peut être construit selon une pluralité de perspectives, de paradigmes. Ces images constitutionnelles sont en concurrence : le discours constitutionnel est cadré, selon les choix plus ou moins explicites du comparatiste de droit constitutionnel. Si rien n’indique en quoi un paradigme est meilleur qu’un autre, cette question relève de la théorie de l’argumentation.
A High Capacity Test Disguise Method Combined With Interpolation Backup and Double Authentications
Authors: Lu Hai , Shao Liping , Wang Qinglong
Published: February 2022

To improve the hidden capacity of a single question, further avoid the absence of authentication and provide self-repair ability, this paper proposes a high capacity test disguise method combined with interpolation backup and double authentications. Firstly, secret byte sequence is backed up and further encoded to a backup index sequence by secret information backup and encoding strategy. Secondly, a test question database divided into eight sets is created. Finally, the backup index sequence is disguised as a stego test paper using 24 different candidate answer orders and 4-bit hash values. In restoration, double authentications are applied to authenticate candidate restored value, and the most reliable candidate restored values are obtained by the reliable calculation to reconstruct secret information. The experimental results and analysis show that the proposed method can distinguish error candidate restored values, and calculate the reliability of each restored byte. Moreover, it has excellent self-repair ability with a higher hidden capacity of a single question.
The Socio-Technical Transition to Electric Vehicle Mobility in Turkey
Authors: İmre Şükrü , Canıtez Fatih , Çelebi Dilay
Published: February 2022

The adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has been examined in various settings, yet the issue has rarely been addressed for less developed settings in terms of transport institutions, policies and practices. Turkey, with its rapidly growing emerging economy, presents such a setting for the adoption of EVs. There are various reasons for why the adoption of EVs is still considerably limited in Turkey. A multi-dimensional and multi-actor analysis of the EV landscape can help us better understand the dynamics of transition to EVs. In this paper, a Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) framework is used to examine the current state of EV adoption in Turkey and to interpret the prospects of a possible transition to EVs. Our study shows that a potential transition to EVs in Turkey presents many socio-technical challenges to overcome including current policies, institutions, market dynamics, technological infrastructure, and social limitations. The insights from this review can be used for settings where policies and institutions are not developed enough to achieve a transition to EVs.
Solving the Trapezoidal Fuzzy Transportation Problems via New Heuristic
Authors: Dhouib Souhail
Published: February 2022

The transportation problem is a one of the principal topics in operational research where goods are initially stored at different sources and need to be livered to destination in such a way the total transportation cost is minimum. In this paper, we consider the transportation problem in a trapezoidal fuzzy environment and we introduce the column-row heuristic Dhouib-Matrix-TP1 to solve it in just p iterations (where p is the maximal number between the total number of sources and destinations). The Dhouib-Matrix-TP1 heuristic is enhanced with the robust ranking function and with a new operation for selection based on mean and min metrics. To justify the proposed method, several numerical experiments are given to show the effectiveness of the new technique in solving the trapezoidal fuzzy transportation problems.
Creating a Functional Interdependency Map for Supporting the “Act of Improvement” in Business Process Improvement Projects
Authors: Johannsen Florian , Zellner Gregor , Griesberger Philipp
Published: February 2022

Business process improvement (BPI) is of high priority for practitioners. But especially the most value-adding phase in a BPI project, namely the “act of improvement”, is insufficiently supported despite the many existing methods and techniques. Until now, it is largely unclear as to what degree existing BPI techniques support each other and are interrelated with one another. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the functional interdependencies between BPI techniques to get a better understanding for the beneficial synergies between the BPI techniques and to provide a basis for purposefully combining them within projects. Based on the functional interdependencies, a graphical “Functional Interdependency Map” is developed and its usability demonstrated in an experiment. The paper is valuable for academics and practitioners alike because the impact of BPI on organizational performance is high.
Service Design From Staffing to Outsourcing
Authors: Jerónimo Carlos Hernandez , Pereira Leandro , Costa Renato , Dias Alvaro Lopes
Published: February 2022

The term outsourcing has become a conventional means of describing anything associated with the transaction of services that enables client organisations to blur core activities and thereby reduce their internal workforce and costs. The main objective of this study is confirming a gap in detailed and spe-cific reviews of formats and economic transactions through non-standard forms of employment, namely in a service design model from Staffing to Outsourcing. The literature review was performed using text mining and topic modelling techniques to group relevant topics and decreases the likelihood of human bias, while bringing robustness to the analysis. The results are reflected in a conceptual state of the art diagram that will serve as a basis to new discussions.
Mutation Spectrum of Primary Lipid Storage Myopathies
Authors: Vengalil Seena , Polavarapu Kiran , Preethish-Kumar Veeramani , Nashi Saraswati , Arunachal Gautham , Chawla Tanushree , Bardhan Mainak , Mohan Dhaarini , Christopher Rita , Bevinahalli Nandeesh , Kulanthaivelu Karthik , Nishino Ichizo , Faruq Mohammad , Nalini Atchayaram
Published: February 2022

Background:

Lipid storage myopathies (LSM) constitute an important group of treatable myopathies. Genetic testing is essential for confirming the diagnosis and also helps in explaining phenotypic heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical features and genetic spectrum of LSM seen in a quaternary referral center in India.

Methods:

Eleven cases of suspected LSM underwent clinical, biochemical, histopathological and genetic evaluation. Tandem Mass Spectrometry and clinical exome sequencing with Sanger validation were performed.

Results:

All patients had exertion induced myalgia and either progressive or episodic limb girdle muscle weakness (LGMW). The age of onset ranged 10 to 31 years (mean- 21 ± 6.7y), age at presentation- 14 to 49 years (mean- 26.5 ± 9.5y). Mutations identified: ETFDH = 5, CPT2 = 3, FLAD1 = 1, ACADVL = 1, FLAD1 = 1. Dropped head syndrome was seen in two patients with ETFDH mutations. Bulbar symptoms and Beevor's sign were noted in a patient with FLAD1 variant. Novel variants were identified in seven patients.

Conclusions:

This is the first report on the genetic spectrum of LSM from India. LSM should be considered in patients with exertion induced myalgias, LGMW, cranial nerve involvement or dropped head syndrome. Genetic testing is essential for identification of these treatable disorders.
Isolated Medial Orbital Wall Fracture Correction with Revision of Levator Plication - A Case Report
Authors: Balaji S. M. , Balaji Preetha
Published: February 2022

The Rationale:

Treatment options for isolated medial orbital wall fractures (IMOWF) vary. In young and favourable situations, most of the times, the fracture is left to heal spontaneously. If not properly monitored, it may improperly fuse causing poor form and function.

Patient Concerns:

A 24-year-old male presented for correction of his sunken left eye. The patient had a blunt trauma 10 years back and had left upper eyelid as well as ptosis correction elsewhere. Since that surgery, the patient noticed that the eye had been slowly and progressively “sinking” with time.

Diagnosis:

An IMOWF with periorbital fat entrapment and detachment of levator palpebrae superioris was identified.

Treatment and Outcome:

The fracture site was reached via a transcaruncular approach, the fracture corrected and orbital defect corrected with a mesh. One week later, in a second-stage surgery, under local anaesthesia, the muscle was repositioned. Recovery was uneventful and the desired aesthetic-functional results were achieved.

Take-Away Lessons:

An untreated IMOWF in young adolescents could persist and subsequent growth could amplify the enophthalmos. A careful diagnosis and treatment is warranted.
Surgery First Approach in Orthognathic Surgery - Considerations and Clinical Case Report
Authors: Borges Thaynan Maximiano , Sol Izabella , de Castro Rodrigues Cristovão Marcondes , Peres Lima Felipe Gomes Gonçalves , Silva Claudia Jordão , Furtado Lair Mambrini
Published: February 2022

The Rationale:

The surgery first approach is a safe and stable procedure for the correction of dentofacial deformities that requires little orthodontic correction, leading to a faster return of functions.

Patient Concerns:

Patient with facial discrepancies seeks treatment that returns function and aesthetics, requiring a less prolonged treatment with adequate results.

Diagnosis:

Clinical, facial, and radiological image analysis was used for diagnosis and treatment plan.

Treatment:

Surgery first approach was performed in a patient with facial pattern II dolichocephalic, vertical maxillary excess, mandibular growth deficiency, aesthetic, and functional complaints, with the completion of the orthodontic treatment in 15 months.

Outcomes:

Follow-up of 36 months showed no evidence of recurrence of the initial condition and occlusal stability was maintained. The patient had no more functional and aesthetic complaints.

Take-away Lessons:

Aesthetic and functional improvements were observed more rapidly due to the correction of the skeletal deformity, with improvement in behavior and self-esteem.
Comparing postgraduate anaesthesia education in India and abroad: Strengths and scope
Authors: Mehdiratta Lalit , Dave Nandini M. , Sahni Neeru , Johnson Edward , Bidkar Prasanna U , Grewal Anju
Published: February 2022

The quality of training is a major contributor to workforce proficiency in healthcare, and there is a definite need to achieve a uniform level of knowledge and skill in medical education programmes. There is a paucity of literature comparing postgraduate anaesthesia medical education training structure and requirements across the globe. In a zeal to achieve uniform competencies and technical skills, the strengths and scope of training programmes need to be identified. In this article, we describe the core elements of postgraduate training in various countries while proposing an amalgamation of strengths of each programme and providing a roadmap to evolve further the competency-based comprehensive curriculum proposed by the National Medical Commission of India.
Reporting adverse events of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine (Recombinant) among the vaccinated healthcare professionals
Authors: Kaur Sukhpal , Singh Ajay , Saini Sushma , Rohilla Latika , Kaur Jasvir , Chandi Anadeep , Kaur Gurpreet , Singh Manjeet , Kumar Pramod , Soni Shiv Lal , Kajal Kamal , Naik Naveen B. , Malhotra Pankaj , Verma Sanjay , Gupta Madhu , Devnani Mahesh , Das Karobi , Pandav S.S. , Puri G.D.
Published: February 2022

Background & objectives

The safety of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine is a cause of concern for many who have been vaccinated. The people have multiple concerns and fear regarding the adverse events of the vaccine. Thus, this study was undertaken to establish the safety profile of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Corona Virus Vaccine (Recombinant) among the healthcare professionals.

Methods

This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. After taking clearance from the institutional ethics committee 1500 healthcare professionals, who had their vaccination in the past two weeks were selected. They were provided with an online survey proforma regarding adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) of COVID-19 vaccine developed using google forms with an informed consent form affixed to it.

Results

A total of 1036 individuals participated in the study. The mean and median (inter quartile range) age of the participants was 37.7 ±11.25 and 35 (29-46) yr, respectively. Of these, 52.1 per cent were female, 29.3 per cent were doctors, 33.4 per cent were nurses and 9.5 per cent were paramedical staff. Forty six per cent participants experienced one or more minor AEFIs such as pain, tenderness, redness, etc. at the injection site. Fatigue (31.75%), generalized feeling of unwell (28.57%), muscle pain (23.16%) and fever (21.71%) were the most commonly reported systemic AEFIs followed by headache (20.07%), dizziness (10.03%) and joint pains (15.25%). Most of them experienced these AEFIs within 24 h of the first dose of administration. About 42 per cent of the participants took oral antipyretics/analgesics for managing the AEFIs.

Interpretation & conclusions

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Corona Virus Vaccine was found to be associated with mild local and systemic AEFIs that were more common after the first dose as compared to the second dose. There adverse events could be dealt with oral over-the-counter medications, with no requirement of hospitalization.
Temporal course of late rectal toxicity & impact of intervention in patients undergoing radiation for cervical cancer
Authors: Shejul Jagadish , Chopra Supriya , Ranjan Nilesh , Mahantshetty Umesh , Mehta Shaesta , Patil Prachi , Engineer Reena , Gurram Lavanya , Phurailatpam Reena , Swamidas Jamema , Gupta Sudeep , Shrivastava Shyam
Published: February 2022

Background & objectives:

There is limited information available on the temporal course of late stage radiotherapy adverse effects. The present study reports on the temporal course of late toxicities after chemoradiation and brachytherapy.

Methods:

Women with cervical cancer who presented with late toxicity after (chemo) radiation were included in the study. Grade of toxicity (Clinical Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03) and type of intervention were recorded at three-monthly interval for the first year and then six monthly until 24 months. Direct cost for the management of toxicity was calculated. Univariate analysis was performed to understand the impact of various factors on persistence of toxicity.

Results:

Ninety two patients were included in this study. Grades I, II, III and IV toxicities were observed in 50 (54%), 33 (36%), 7 (8%) and 2 (2%) patients, respectively, at first reporting. Patients spent a median of 12 (3-27) months with toxicity. At 12 months, 48/92 (52.2%) patients had a complete resolution of toxicity, whereas 27/92 (29.3%) patients had low grade (I-II) persistent toxicity. Only 6/92 (6.5%) patients who had grade III−IV toxicity had resolution to a lower grade. Four (4.3%) patients died due to toxicity. At 24 months, 9 (10%) patients continued to have grade ≥ III toxicity. On an average, 7 (2-24) interventions were required for the clinical management of late toxicity and median direct cost incurred was

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-202108000-00023/math_23MM1/v/2022-09-30T185846Z/r/image-tiff

50,625 (1,125-303,750).

Interpretation & conclusions:

In this study late radiation toxicity resolved within 12 months in more than half of patients. However, others are likely to have had persistent lower grade toxicity or progression to higher grade. Structured strategies are hence needed for the effective management of late toxicities.
Assessment of the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sterilisation/infection control measures among undergraduate dental students in Jammu City, Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Singh Malvika , Sahota Jasjit , Singh Prashant , Sharma Tusharika , Gupta Sulbha , Mahajan Tania , Pawar Sushant
Published: February 2022

Background:

Sterilisation has always been a clinically important matter of study but is often overlooked by dental students as well as clinicians. This study aim to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sterilisation/infection control measures among undergraduate dental students.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among 235 undergraduates and interns pursuing Bachelors of Dental Surgery from Institute of Dental Sciences Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir. A questionnaire survey comprising 30 questions regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices was completed by the participants

Results:

It was observed that a majority of the students were highly concerned regarding the sterilisation and infection control protocol. 96.9% of students dispose of their gloves after use. About 92% of the students were aware of diseases caused through unsterilised instruments. All (100%) students were aware of the exact specifications of sterilisation through autoclave. The use of mouth masks and head caps as effective infection control measures was practiced among 93.62% students, while 93.62% of them were aware about waste disposal protocol in clinical departments.

Conclusions:

The level of knowledge and attitude of sterilisation measures were good and followed meticulously by dental students. Our observations suggest that need was felt by the student fraternity for inclusion of sterilisation awareness as a part of curriculum, webinars and workshops.
Effectiveness of exclusive E-learning during COVID-19 in a medical school in India – A student perspective
Authors: Bathini Prapthi Persis , Kundoor Neetha , Mathai Dilip
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

India went into lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic which led to the closure of all the educational institutes. We had to adapt to the new system of complete online teaching and learning in a short span of time. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of exclusive E-learning during the present COVID-19 pandemic through student feedback.

Methods:

A 21-item validated questionnaire on three independent elements – technology and resources (6 questions), content and design (7 questions) and opinion on E-learning (8 questions) – was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the E-learning programme. The questionnaire was e-mailed to 400 students across the four batches out of which 227 responded.

Results:

E-learning design was thought to be vital for attracting users by 74.2% though 83.8% opined that E-learning needs self-motivation and 81.9% felt that it needs more commitment when compared to conventional teaching and learning. Several (36.7%) perceived that they could not correlate the lectures without clinical or practical training; however, 60.3% felt that abstract concepts were well explained with images. Despite 69.6% of the participants having access to a dependable computer or laptop, only 55.5% had uninterrupted internet access. The mean effectiveness of E-learning was significantly lower for the final year (69.9 ± 9.48) when compared to 1st-year (75.1 ± 11.33) and 2nd-year (76.7 ± 10.15) medical students.

Conclusions:

The students rapidly adapted to exclusive E-learning, but it was seen that it only has a complementary role and it is perceived as less effective when compared to traditional teaching.
Self-esteem, locus of control and religiosity in predicting death anxiety among students in a Nigerian tertiary institution
Authors: Akanni Oluyemi Oluwatosin , Koleoso Olaide N
Published: February 2022

Background:

Anxiety usually accompanies the thought of death, and certain variables have been repeatedly linked to it. However, the link has not been thoroughly investigated in Nigeria. Self-esteem, religiosity and locus of control (LOC), which have been linked to death anxiety in Western countries, were investigated among students in a higher institution in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional survey, convenience sampling was used in selecting participants from the tertiary institution. A questionnaire consisting of Templer Death Anxiety Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Revised Intrinsic/Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale and Multi-dimensional LOC Scales was used to obtain the data on death anxiety, self-esteem, religious orientation and LOC, respectively.

Results:

A total of 317 students (mean age 23.8 ± 3.25 years; 131 male) participated in the study. The findings showed that only 'powerful others' LOC (P < 0.01) made a unique and statistically significant contribution to death anxiety among the students.

Conclusions:

While effort on intervention by health professionals can be directed at the external LOC to lessen death anxiety, other variables require further probe.
Role of single, paired and multiple specimens in the outcome of automated blood culture system – A 2 years study from South India
Authors: Anjana Aravinda , Ranjeeta Adhikary , Bhavana Malavalli Venkatesh , Beena Hosdurg Bhaskar
Published: February 2022

Automated blood culture (BC) system remains the best approach for early definitive management of sepsis. A retrospective analysis of samples received over 2 years was done to compare the sensitivity of single, paired and multiple BC sets. A total of 24,955 samples were received, of which 11,355 were single, 12,555 were paired and 1045 were multiple. BC sensitivity increased from 32.3% to 87% when samples increased from one to two, and a rise of another 13% with four sample sets (P < 0.0001). There is higher chance of missing positives if only a single BC sample was collected.
Medication adherence of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-positive children in Maharashtra
Authors: Gore Tanishq N. , Pasalkar Neeraja , Daniel Rojin Mathew , Deshpande Prasanna R.
Published: February 2022

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a viral infection that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is a virus that breaks down the CD4 cells in the immune system which weakens the immune system allowing it to be vulnerable for lethal opportunistic infections.

Aim and Objective:

Medication adherence of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-positive children in Maharashtra.

Methodology:

A prospective, observational, multi-centric study was conducted among HIV-inflicted paediatrics in Maharashtra. This study was conducted for a duration of 6 months, i.e., from October 19 to March 20 on patients under the inclusion criteria. Marathi and English versions of MARS (Medication Adherence Report Scale) questionnaire and demographic details were collected form the participants.

Results:

A total of 75 questionnaires were distributed and procured, filled with vital information of the participants among the three study sites. The average age of the participants was found to be 14.1 years. Overall female predominance was there (55% girls. According to our scoring scale, an adherence of 90.66% was observed among the participants, whereas the other 9.33% were considered non-adherent or partially adherent.

Conclusions:

The present study indicates that the HIV-inflicted paediatric patients have a good knowledge about their medical condition and were adherent to antiretroviral therapy.
Comparative Study of Surgically Induced Astigmatism in Superior and Temporal Scleral Incisions in Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery Patients
Authors: Tripathi Abhishek Kumar , Joshi Ajit Kamalakar , Mandlik Hanumant
Published: February 2022

Background:

The purpose of the study is to evaluate surgically induced corneal astigmatism and visual outcome in patients undergoing small-incision cataract surgery (SICS) by modifying incision site on the basis of type of regular astigmatism.

Material and Methods:

This is a prospective study including 100 patients, having senile immature cataract, divided in two groups of 50 patients each according to the type of preoperative corneal astigmatism over a period of January 2018 to June 2019. A detailed preoperative evaluation was done including automated refractokeratometry, on the basis of which patients having steeper vertical axis (90° ±30°), i.e., “with the rule” astigmatism placed in Group A and subjected to superior SICS, and those having horizontal steeper axis (150°–180° and 0°–30°), i.e., “against the rule” astigmatism, were placed in Group B and subjected to temporal SICS. All surgeries were performed by a single ophthalmic surgeon with a similar technique of a 6.00 mm superior or temporal scleral straight incision. Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was calculated by a computer application SIA calculator version 2.0 on the 45th postoperative day and compared.

Results:

Present study showed mean SIA was significantly less in the temporal group (1.09 ± 0.42 D) as compared to the superior group (1.38 ± 0.62 D).

Conclusion:

Modification of incision site in SICS as per preoperative astigmatism produces comparable results to other sophisticated techniques such as phacoemulsification, and hence, it provides an alternative path to attain better visual outcome and reduced SIA with limited resources available in most of the developing countries.
A Study of Clinical Profile of 100 Icteric Leptospirosis Cases
Authors: Sethia Mohit , Jain Rahul , Singh Santosh Kumar , Tilak Rina , Yadav Arun Kumar
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Leptospirosis is a widespread zooanthroponosis prevalent in tropical regions due to its etiologic agent’s favorable environmental survival conditions. The disease has protean clinical manifestation. The present study was conducted to describe clinical signs, symptoms, and outcomes in severe icteric leptospirosis cases.

Materials and Methods:

This observational study was carried out in Surat from r 2012–2014. A total of 100 confirmed cases of icteric Leptospirosis was included in the study. Clinico-socio-demographic profile of the cases was noted. The symptoms and signs were described. The clinical outcome was described in terms of laboratory and other findings.

Results:

Fever was seen as the most common presenting symptom in 100% patients. Icterus (100%) crepts (86%) and tachypnea (80%) were the most common presenting signs. Breathlessness and hemoptysis were significantly more common in nonsurvivors than survivors. Mortality was more common in cases who had not taken chemoprophylaxis, platelet count <50,000/mm3, serum creatinine more than three mg%, international normalized ratio less than two, and multiorgan dysfunction.

Conclusion:

The study brought out common sign and symptoms of icteric leptospirosis. Sociodemographic and clinical parameters associated with poor outcome were also delineated. Smoking and alcohol seemed to be important contributory factors in aggravation of the disease. Chemoprophylaxis was preventive in adverse outcome. The clinical parameter may help in prediction of the course of the disease.
Potential of Youth Participation in Local Territory Branding Management
Authors: Pevnaya Maria , Kostina Svetlana , Cernicova-Bucă Mariana , Kazmierczyk Jerzy , Asoyan Lilit
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this article is an attempt to determine the main characteristics of the potential for youth participation in branding of territory for the implementation of a scientific approach to branding of cities with the participation of residents in different countries. This is the first article that relatively approaches the issue of youth participation in branding of places and takes into account different experiences of countries. The results of a survey of young people in several cities in Poland, Romania, Armenia, Russia were used to develop a model of the potential for youth participation in territory branding on the basis of two scales – attractiveness of the territory and willingness of youth to participate in promoting settlements of their residence. Cross-country differences in the representation of various youth groups were identified in terms of their potential for participating in the branding of local territories. The model can be used as a basis for the development of urban programs for involving youth in territory branding. These programs do not differ significantly across countries and cities. However, the model can be used at the first stage of the development of such programs to highlight the specifics of each territory based on an assessment of the potential according to the research presented in the article.
Fragmented Property Rights and Residents’ Participation in Renovation of Old Communities: Comparative Case Studies in Haikou, China
Authors: Jiang Wuyue , Qian Xingyu
Published: February 2022

Insufficient residents’ participation in the renovation of old communities is ubiquitous in urban China. This paper attempts to explain the reasons for this phenomenon. Based on the theory of anti-commons, this research intends to explore how the fragmentation of property rights impedes residents’ participation, and then unravel the mechanism of conflicts and cooperation among various stakeholders in renovation projects. Abundant qualitative data in terms of the situation of property rights were collected by semi-structured interviews from fieldwork on seven renovation projects in Haikou, Hainan Province, China. Then we compared the seven projects to examine the relationship between property rights and resident’s participation. This study shows that characteristics of residents’ participation vary from types of property rights in the renovation of old communities. Residents’ participation can be facilitated by the privatization of property rights, but fragmented property rights tend to impede participation. Meanwhile, administrative obstacles between street offices, residents’ committees, and homeowners’ associations will ebb residents’ motivation for participation. Yet the homeowners’ association plays an important role in dispute handling, which can promote residents’ involvement.