bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLC-AWG-based FBG demodulation system for high-frequency vibration measurement
Authors: Lv Zheng , Yuan Pei , Li Kang , Li Bingxiang , Zhu Lianqing
Published: November 2024

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulation system based on arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) is proposed. We designed the key parameters of the AWG, prepared the AWG chip based on a silica-on-silicon planar light wave circuit (PLC) platform, and integrated the AWG with a PD array. Eight AWG output channels were selected and the output signals from the photodiode (PD) array was connected to the board with gold wire bonding. The demodulation circuitry consists of transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs), analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and a main control chip. The signal from the PDs are synchronously captured and amplified and then transmitted at high speed through an Ethernet interface. The total volume of the demodulation system is 200 × 100 × 60 mm3. Experiments show that the wavelength demodulation accuracy of the system is 4.24 pm, the demodulation rate is more than 200 kHz, and the average error of the demodulation acceleration is better than 22.8 mg. The proposed demodulation system can be applied in the field of high-frequency vibration sensing of FBGs.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel cyan long-persistent fluorophore Ba6BO3Cl9:Eu2+, Er3+ and its mechanoluminescent properties
Authors: Chen Wenxiao , Zeng Wei , Chen Xin , Lei Yutong , Mei Mengdi , Gou Caixiang , Wu Haoyang
Published: November 2024

A novel cyan long-persistent phosphor Ba6BO3Cl9:Eu2+, Er3+ was developed. Co-doping with Er3+ significantly increased the trap depth, the thermoluminescent properties and persistent luminescence of the samples were also enhanced. All fluorescence spectra of co-doped samples showed only one emission band at 455 nm. It was attributed to the 5d-4f transitions of Eu2+ ions. The afterglow of the samples can be sustained above 1.5 h at optimal doping concentration and sufficient UV excitation. Additionally, mechanoluminescent properties of Ba6BO3Cl9:Eu2+, Er3+ were also observed, demonstrating that Ba6BO3Cl9 is a luminescent substrate. The dual luminescent properties of this material provide theoretical support for future research on new cyan multifunctional luminescent materials.
Vision guides the twilight search for oviposition sites of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus
Authors: Zhao Si Yu , Liu Hong Kai , Xie Zhen Sheng , Wu Yi Ming , Wu Pei Lin , Liu Tong , Yang Wen Qiang , Wu Jing , Fu JunYu , Wang Chun Mei , James Anthony A. , Chen Xiao-Guang
Published: November 2024

Background

Oviposition site selection is an important component of vector mosquito reproductive biology. The Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a major and important vector of arboviruses including Dengue. Previous studies documented the preference of gravid females for small, dark-colored water containers as oviposition sites, which they sought during the twilight period (dusk) of their locomotor activity. Vision plays an important role in this behavior, and factors such as the shape, size, and color of the container, light intensity, polarization, spectrum, and other visual cues guide the search for suitable oviposition sites, but the mechanistic factors driving this behavior are unclear.

Methodology/Principal findings

We blindfolded adult female compound eyes and observed the effects of a lack of vision on the ability to discriminate and utilize preferred oviposition sites. Furthermore, the transcriptomes of blindfolded mosquitoes were screened to identify genes with vision-sensitive expression profiles and gene-editing was used to create non-functional mutations in two of them, rhodopsin-like (mutation designated ‘rho-l△807’) and kynurenine hydroxylase (mutation designated ‘khw’). Behavioral tests of both mutant and control strains revealed that the rho-l△807 mutant mosquitoes had a significant decrease in their ability to search for preferred oviposition sites that correlated with a reduced ability to recognize long-wavelength red light. The khw mutant mosquitoes also had a reduced ability to identify preferred oviposition sites that correlated with reductions in their ability to respond to variations in daily brightness and their ability to discriminate among different color options of the containers and background monochromatic light.

Conclusions/Significance

This study underscores the importance of visual cues in the oviposition site selection behavior of adult female Ae. albopictus. We demonstrate that wild-type rho-l and kh gene products play a crucial role in this behavior, as mutants exhibit altered sensitivity or recognition of light intensity and substrate colors.
Soluble P-selectin as an inflammatory mediator potentially influencing endothelial activation in people living with HIV in sub-rural areas of Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Mokoena Haskly , Mabhida Sihle E. , Choshi Joel , Sekgala Machoene D. , Nkambule Bongani B. , Ndwandwe Duduzile , Mchiza Zandile J. , Kengne André P. , Dludla Phiwayinkosi V. , Hanser Sidney
Published: November 2024

Objectives

There is a growing need to understand the potential role of soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin) in sustained endothelial activation through increased levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular adhesion-1 (sVCAM-1) in people living with HIV (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methodology

This was a cross-sectional study involving PLWH on HAART (n = 55), in comparison to PLWH not on treatment (HAART-naïve) (n = 29), and (iii) HIV negative controls (n = 48) from the Mankweng area in the Limpopo province, South Africa. We quantified serum levels of sP-selectin, together with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1. Most of the HAART-exposed group were on treatment for <5 years. We further performed frequency distribution and descriptive statistics for categorical variables.

Results

Soluble P-selectin was positively correlated with sVCAM-1 (r = 0.469; p<0.001) in PLWH on HAART, even after adjusting for confounding factor such as age, BMI, and total cholesterol (r = 0.467; p<0.001). Moreover, in PLWH on HAART sP-selecting was independently associated with the release of sVCAM-1 (β = 0.445; p<0.001), even after adjusting for confounders (β = 0.475; p = 0.001). Serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.004) and total cholesterol (p<0.001) were significantly higher in PLWH on HAART as compared to the HAART-naïve group.

Conclusion

There is a need for more studies to investigate the role of sP-selectin in promoting endothelial activation and CVD-risk in PLWH on HAART, especially within the sub-Saharan Africa region.
From fishing village to atomic town and present: A grounded theory study
Authors: Derrer-Merk Elfriede , Jain Lakshay , Noori-Kalkhoran Omid , Taylor Richard , Mike Drury , Stain Trevor , Merk Bruno
Published: November 2024

Background: Thurso/Caithness in the United Kingdom has gone through a lot of changes and transitions in the last decades. The decision to build a nuclear reactor test facility in the 1950’s in Dounreay/Caithness UK, as well as the current phase of decommissioning impacted not only the technology development but also the social fabric of the community and individuals within it. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of people impacted by the nuclear project at Dounreay. The results will form the basis for the discussion about locating future experimental or development facilities, possibly at historic sites. This study employed an exploratory qualitative research approach based on the constructivist grounded theory methodology. Constructivist grounded theory applies a systematic, inductive, iterative, and comparative approach to investigate the meanings behind people’s experiences. It was chosen as the method to explore an under-researched area: the host community for nuclear research in Thurso/Caithness. Purposeful snowball sampling from March 2023 till November 2023 through gatekeepers, media and social media was used. 19 participants including 10 women and 9 men in the age range 36–71 took part. The semi-structured interviews were conducted via phone or online platforms. Participants fondly recalled the hey-day when the Dounreay site was built and the population increased rapidly. They shared memories of how the town of Thurso/Caithness was thriving then which had a huge impact on individuals’ opportunities to receive a very good education, earn a good salary, indirect benefits beyond the nuclear project, and a cosmopolitan sense of community. However, the changes over time and the process of decommissioning had more complex implications for individuals as well as for the community. The work opportunities are still favourable. However, this study also highlights new challenges such as decaying infrastructure, a lack of hope of prosperity, and a feeling of being forgotten. This unique study highlights how a politically driven project impacts a community fundamentally. We identified two themes: mostly positive nostalgic views and Changes and Challenges for the community.
Exploring attitudes to decolonising the science curriculum—A UK Higher Education case study
Authors: Grinsted Lena , Murgatroyd Catherine , Burkett Jodi
Published: November 2024

Scientific advances are historically linked to colonial actions of past empires resulting in knowledge production biased towards the West with minimal representation of scholars of other ethnicities than White in science curricula in Higher Education (HE). Calls to decolonise science curricula seek to diversify content by acknowledging the role of racism and privilege in the history of science, aiming at creating a HE that is less isolating for minoritised ethnicities and feels welcoming to students of all identities. This case study explored science teaching staff’s familiarity with and misconceptions of decolonisation at a UK HE institution using an online questionnaire. We further assessed participants’ perceptions of barriers, benefits and risks, training needs, and preparedness to take actions in their teaching. We found that a majority of participants had a positive disposition towards decolonising their teaching, but that critical misconceptions, e.g. linking decolonisation to ‘cancel culture’ and ‘colour-blind’ behaviour were common, while important barriers, e.g. a lack of training and constraints on time, halt progress. We provide specific recommendations for staff training and a brief historical background relevant to life sciences. By supporting teachers, that train future generations of scientists, to decolonise the curriculum we can improve equity in HE, academia, and society.
Gellan gum-based granular gels as suspension media for biofabrication
Authors: McCormack Andrew , Porcza Laura M. , Leslie Nicholas R. , Melchels Ferry P. W.
Published: November 2024

Engineering 3D tissue-like constructs for applications such as regenerative medicine remains a major challenge in biomedical research. Recently, self-healing, viscoplastic fluids have been introduced as suspension media to allow lower viscosity, water-rich bioinks to be printed within them for the fabrication of more biomimetic structures. Here, we present gellan gum granular gels produced through the application of shear during gelation, as a candidate suspension medium. We demonstrate that these granular gels exhibit viscoplasticity over a wide range of temperatures, permitting their use for 3D bioprinting of filaments and droplets at low (4°C) as well as physiological temperatures. These granular gels exhibit very low yield stresses (down to 0.4 Pa) which facilitated printing at print speeds up to 60 mm.s-1. Furthermore, we demonstrate the printing of cell-laden droplets maintained over 7 days to show the potential for multiple days of cell culture, as well as the fabrication of hydrogel features within a crosslinkable version of the suspension medium containing granular gellan gum and gelatine-methacryloyl. The combination of ease of preparation, high printing speed, wide temperature tolerance, and crosslinkability makes this gellan gum sheared through cooling-induced gelation an attractive candidate for suspended biofabrication.
Prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its association with arterial stiffness in adolescents: Results from the EVA4YOU study
Authors: Nairz Johannes , Messner Alex , Kiechl Sophia J. , Winder Bernhard , Hochmayr Christoph , Granna Julian , Egger Alexander E. , Griesmacher Andrea , Geiger Ralf , Knoflach Michael , Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula ,   the Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth (EVA4YOU) Study Group
Published: November 2024

Aim

To determine the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among Western Austrian adolescents and its association with arterial stiffness as a marker of early vascular ageing.

Methods

In the cross-sectional Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth study, liver fat content was assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) using signals acquired by FibroScan (Echosense, Paris, France) in 14- to 19-year-old Austrian adolescents. Arterial stiffness was determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and cardiovascular risk factors by a face-to-face interview, physical examination, and fasting blood analyses. Linear regression models and one-way analysis of variance were performed to analyze the association between liver fat content, MASLD and cfPWV.

Results

A total of 1292 study participants (65.2% female) aged 17.2 ± 1.3 years were included. MASLD was detected in 62 (4.8%) adolescents. CAP value showed a significant association with cfPWV in the unadjusted model (p < 0.001) but lost its significant influence in the multivariable model after adjusting for sex, age and cardiovascular risk criteria (increased BMI or waist circumference, impaired glucose metabolism, elevated blood pressure, elevated plasma triglycerides, and decreased HDL cholesterol; p = 0.540). In the analysis of variance, a significant increase in cfPWV was observed in adolescents with any of the five cardiovascular risk criteria for MASLD (p < 0.001), but not with the additional presence of steatotic liver disease (p = 0.291).

Conclusion

In our adolescent cohort, liver fat content and MASLD were not found to be independent predictors for early vascular ageing. Nevertheless, the determination of liver fat content can be a useful tool to identify adolescents at high risk for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.
Monkey Man, Dev Patel (dir.) (2024), USA: BRON Studios and Monkeypaw Productions
Authors: Ardivilla Jose Santos P.
Published: November 2024

Review of: Monkey Man, Dev Patel (dir.) (2024), USA: BRON Studios and Monkeypaw Productions
Evolución y actualidad del modelo Andel
Authors: Merino Hernández Santiago
Published: November 2024

En los últimos años hemos sido testigos de la llegada a España de nuevos modelos de cooperativas de viviendas que con éxito se han desarrollado más allá de nuestras fronteras. Uno de estos modelos, proveniente de Dinamarca, es el denominado como “Andel” y que ha servido de continua referencia a muchos de los proyectos que se han propuesto en nuestro país. Es por ello por lo que se hacía necesaria una revisión y actualización de este, sobre todo a la luz de la Ley 1281/2020, de asociaciones de cooperativas de viviendas y otras asociaciones de vivienda, norma en vigor en Dinamarca. En este sentido, y partiendo de su evolución histórica, hemos profundizado en los aspectos generales de este tipo de cooperativas de viviendas, caracterizadas en su origen por el impulso público, diferenciándolas de las asociaciones Almene, al tiempo que nos hemos detenido en el modelo organizativo y gestión económica. Y todo ello, además, sin olvidar la necesaria contextualización del modelo en el marco de los países nórdicos, para lo cual nos hemos detenido en la comparativa con otros países de su entorno más cercano como Suecia o Finlandia.  De esta forma, hemos pretendido presentar un estudio que venga a clarificar el modelo Andel y poder contribuir a que sirva de referencia, o no, a ese “nuevo cooperativismo de vivienda”. No cabe más que señalar, por último, que aun sabiendo que resulta imposible una transferencia mimética de determinados modelos, porque cada uno de ellos es consecuencia de respuestas a necesidades distintas, sí deben de servir de inequívoco aprendizaje para la construcción y revisión de los nuestros propios.
Comentario al laudo de BITARTU: Servicio Vasco de Arbitraje Cooperativo-SVAC, Expediente arbitral 3/2023. Reembolso de aportaciones
Authors: Arnáez Arce Vega María , López Rodríguez Josune
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo tiene por objeto el análisis del Laudo arbitral número 3/2023, dictado el 2 de febrero de 2024, por BITARTU, Servicio Vasco de Arbitraje Cooperativo- SVAC, en el que se plantea como cuestión litigiosa la impugnación de las liquidaciones practicadas por una Sociedad Cooperativa a los demandantes, que reclaman el reembolso de las aportaciones que realizaron en su momento al capital social, tras su expulsión y baja como socios cooperativistas. La resolución arbitral que se analiza estima de manera parcial la demanda interpuesta contra la cooperativa y estable las cantidades que ésta debe abonarles como reembolso de sus aportaciones al capital social de la cooperativa, en el plazo de cinco años, a partir de la fecha en la que se produjo la expulsión de los demandantes de la cooperativa.
EUSKAL GIZARTE EKONOMIARI BURUZKO ARGITALPENAK (2023)
Authors: Etxebarria Rubio Ane , Villafáñez Pérez Itziar
Published: November 2024

Euskal Gizarte Ekonomiari buruzko argitalpenak (2023)
Corazón de Edmondo de Amicis: el amor a la patria, la familia y la escuela inculcado a través de experiencias emocionales
Authors: Sanchidrián Blanco Carmen
Published: November 2024

Este artículo analiza Corazón, un clásico de la literatura infantil muy usado en las escuelas españolas hasta al menos los años cincuenta del siglo xx y hoy reducido, de algún modo, a uno de los cuentos que incluye, «De los Apeninos a los Andes». A partir de las repercusiones que la lectura de este libro tuvo en algunos personajes, se revisa en la novela y en una película de 1947 la imagen que se ofrece de la escuela, de los maestros y de los alumnos. Como conclusión, destaca la mayor riqueza de situaciones, personajes y contenidos de la novela frente a la película, incluso cuando esta intenta ser fiel al original. Los libros de lectura, Corazón en concreto, pueden considerarse una potente tecnología educativa que, en este caso, se utilizaba para inyectar en niños y adultos los valores del amor a la patria, a la familia y a la escuela. Esos tres amores terminan en este libro siendo el mismo.
La escuela entre el nombre y el cuerpo: representaciones de la educación e imaginarios sociales en el largometraje Anina
Authors: D’avenia Lucas , Seré Cecilia
Published: November 2024

El texto analiza, a modo de ensayo, algunas formas contemporáneas de representar la educación de la infancia, a partir del largometraje animado Anina (Uruguay, 2013). La película es tomada como ocasión para problematizar diversos aspectos de las formas de educación en el ámbito escolar, pero también habilita a indagar las múltiples formas en que, a nivel familiar y barrial, se contribuye a la transmisión cultural a las nuevas generaciones. A partir del argumento de la película se explora en qué medida el hecho de tener un cuerpo y tener un nombre organizan tanto la vida escolar como las formas sociales modernas.
The state of the Northern Mansi language in 2020s
Authors: Skribnik Elena , Zhornik Daria
Published: November 2024

This article provides a detailed description of the modern state of the Northern Mansi language (<Ob-Ugric <Finno-Ugric <Uralic) in media and education and gives an overview of existing projects and resources aimed at support of the language. We analyze the sociolinguistic situation among the Northern Mansi, the presence of the native language in education at all levels, from kindergarden to university level, as well as its use in other organizations in the area where the language is spoken, on TV, radio and in newspapers, in cultural projects. Finally, we provide an outline of all current projects aimed at support of the Northern Mansi language, with special focus on the project of an online translator. Finally, we discuss the impact of these initiatives on the dynamics of language revitalization, summing up positive and negative tendencies influencing Northern Mansi language vitality and giving our outlook on the further development of the linguistic situation. The information provided in the article is based on extensive fieldwork and communication with members of the Northern Mansi community.
Enhancing operational efficiency in Nigerian oil exploration: The impact of real-time monitoring technologies on non-productive time
Authors: Aneke Alexander , Oboho Eteyen
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the advancements in real-time monitoring technologies aimed at reducing Non-Productive Time (NPT) in oil exploration in Nigeria, employing systematic content analysis as the research design. Methodology: The study uses systematic content analysis to evaluate recent literature on emerging digital technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), and their impact on operational efficiency in oil exploration. Results: The findings indicate that AI and IoT in real-time monitoring can enhance predictive maintenance, optimize drilling parameters, and facilitate immediate responses to operational anomalies, reducing NPT by up to 30%. Theoretical Contribution: This study contributes to the discourse on technological innovations in the oil and gas industry, providing actionable insights for stakeholders aiming to enhance operational efficiency in Nigeria's exploration activities. Practical Implications: The study highlights the necessity for investment in digital infrastructure and training, advocating for a strategic approach to modernize Nigeria's oil exploration practices in alignment with global best practices.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production; SDG 13: Climate Action; SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth; SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
Challenges to sustainable transport infrastructure integration in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Ngcobo Ntebo , Akinradewo Opeoluwa , Mokoena Phindile
Published: November 2024

Purpose. This study assesses the challenges of incorporating sustainability into South Africa's transport infrastructure, focusing on Johannesburg. Methodology. A quantitative approach was employed, using closed-ended questionnaires distributed to professionals involved in road infrastructure delivery and construction in South Africa. Data were analyzed using Mean Item Score (MIS) and factor analysis. Results. Key challenges identified include lack of political commitment to sustainable transportation, insufficient investment in energy-efficient vehicles, and resource constraints. The study also highlighted the need to expand and modernize transport infrastructure to accommodate population growth and increased economic activities. Theoretical contribution. This research provides insights into the specific barriers to sustainable transport infrastructure development in an urban South African context. Practical implications. The findings underscore the importance of improved coordination among government entities, private sector participants, and communities to address challenges and achieve sustainable transport infrastructure development.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities; SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; SDG 13: Climate Action; SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy; SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being
Modelos didáticos de oxirredução: uma investigação em livros didáticos de química
Authors: Arnaud Anike A , Fernandez Carmen
Published: November 2024

O conteúdo de oxirredução envolve reações biológicas e com metais, fundamentais para a sociedade contemporânea. Devido a isso, os documentos curriculares brasileiros têm definido competências e habilidades associadas ao conteúdo a serem desenvolvidas na educação básica. Além disso, a literatura sobre o ensino da oxirredução explica que existem quatro modelos didáticos que podem ser utilizados na definição e abordagem do conteúdo, o modelo de oxigênio, de hidrogênio, de transferência eletrônica e o modelo de número de oxidação. No entanto, alternar entre modelos sem fornecer uma justificativa pode levar à confusão conceitual e ao desenvolvimento de concepções alternativas. De acordo com esse contexto, realizou-se uma análise de texto qualitativa temática em livros didáticos de ciências da natureza do objeto II do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) 2021, buscando identificar quais modelos redox são utilizados na apresentação do conteúdo. A análise revelou que o modelo de transferência de elétrons é o mais presente, muitas vezes sobrepondo-se ao modelo de número de oxidação, embora alguns autores apontem a inconsistência dessa sobreposição. O modelo de número de oxidação não é utilizado para descrever uma reação redox, embora seja o mais empregado no balanceamento das reações redox. Além disso, discute-se o modelo de número de oxidação como o mais adequado para o ensino das reações redox, embora essa relação não seja estabelecida nos livros didáticos analisados. Portanto, concluiu-se sobre a influência do uso desses modelos nas dificuldades dos alunos, bem como sobre a necessidade de se estabelecer limites e justificativas para a utilização dos modelos e o uso do modelo de número de oxidação no ensino dessas reações.
Sustainability Management at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil: Integrating Institutional Projects with the SDGs
Authors: Costa Joao Vitor , De Carvalho Leonardo Chaves , Turine Marcelo Augusto Santos , Itavo Camila Celeste Brandao Ferreira
Published: November 2024

The Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) is the largest educational institution in the Midwest of Brazil, with its quality in teaching, research, extension, management, and infrastructure recognized at national and international levels. In 2023, the university received the highest rating in the institutional assessment conducted by the Ministry of Education (MEC), the government body responsible for promoting quality education in the country, and for the first time, ranked in the top 100 global in the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking. UFMS was considered the 74th most sustainable university out of 1,183 institutions evaluated, and the 5th in the country. The university implements various good practices aligned with each of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda. The aim of this work is to present some of these practices, with an emphasis on incorporating the SDGs into the university's teaching, research, and extension projects. In a quantitative and descriptive analysis, from 2018 to 2023, there have been over 20,000 projects registered at UFMS with more than 45,000 SDGs indicated. It is hoped that this study can inspire other institutions regarding the importance of meeting the SDGs.
Říkali to v Dohránu
Authors: Hrdlička Milan
Published: November 2024

Přirozený jazyk se vyvíjí, na všech jazykových rovinách postupně dochází k různě výrazným změnám. Jedním z příznačných rysů jazykové geneze je její nerovnoměrnost. Jednotlivé jazyky i celé rodiny jazyků se vyvíjejí s nestejnou dynamikou, tempo změn není v určitých obdobích stejné ani u téhož jazyka, odlišnou rychlostí dochází ke změnám i v rámci jednotlivých rovin jazyka. Pokud jde o formální morfologii současné češtiny, vedle velmi produktivní unifikace, diferenciace a dalších již popsaných procesů dochází v současnosti ke stále výraznějším projevům deflektivizace, tedy směřování k oslabení, omezení, či dokonce ztrátě flexe, a naopak k expanzi flexe, čili k situaci, kdy mluvčí ohýbají (skloňují) jednak některé neohebné slovní druhy (určitá adverbia, částice), jednak vybrané slovesné formy – např. tvary příčestí trpného (srov. názvy současných televizních pořadů Dohráno, Prostřeno, Sečteno aj.).
O frazeologických germanismech v slovanských jazycích z hlediska etymologického
Authors: Danylenko Liudmyla
Published: November 2024

Příspěvek se zaměřuje na analýzu frazeologických germanismů z hlediska etymologického ve všech třech skupinách slovanských jazyků, zejména srovnání obrazného jádra frazémů jemandem einen Korb geben, der blaue Montag v němčině i následně v češtině, chorvatštině, slovinštině, ukrajinštině, ruštině, běloruštině. Podstatou studie je analýza sémantiky německých idiomů na základě výkladových a etymologických slovníků a dále určení frazeologických výpůjček ve slovanských jazycích, , které jsou potvrzeny ověřenými jazykovými fakty a korpusem současného spisovného jazyka. Tato studie pokračuje náš výzkum publikovány v časopise Bohemistyka (2021/1) a přináší nový materiál.
Praha srdce Evropy v té malé české kotlině – lokalizace v české frazeologii
Authors: Janovec Ladislav
Published: November 2024

V příspěvku se zaměřujeme na to, jaké konotace pro nositele českého jazyka s sebou nesou některá pojmenování míst, a to především na základě frazeologického fondu češtiny. Oblast frazémů reflektuje velice často životní příběh člověka a národa, proto v ní nacházejí uplatnění i zeměpisná poloha a typické rysy české krajiny a českých sídel. Česká republika jako země střední Evropy je specifická tím, že je součástí pomyslné hranice geopolitické, která rozděluje Evropu na „vyspělou a civilizovanou“ (Západ) a „primitivní až barbarskou“ (Východ). Volnost a pomyslnost této hranice je dána i tím, že je volně posunována podle toho, z které oblasti ČR mluvčí pochází. Mnoho pojmenování sídel, ale i krajinných prvků s sebou nese konotaci emocí až patosu. V současnosti sice pateticky vlastenecký přístup ustupuje povětšinou do pozadí, nicméně některé elementy v jazykovém obrazu světa zůstávají.
Opolska idiomatyka w wersji cyfrowej. Wokół słownika »Lidé – Média – Komunikace«
Authors: Borysowski Daniel
Published: November 2024

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia proces powstawania cyfrowego słownika triad przekładowych w wersji bazodanowej (dostępnej poprzez wyszukiwarkę na stronie WWW). Autor przeprowadza dyskusję na temat problemów natury praktyczno-technicznej, teoretycznej, interlingwalnej, a także metaleksykograficznej, związanych z opisywaną tu procedurą, czyli kwestii – ogólniej mówiąc – przekształcalności słowników. Jako podstawę teoretyczną oraz źródło praktyki leksykograficznej względem opisywanych tu działań wskazuje autor tradycję leksykograficzną, którą nazywa opolską idiomatyką, a która związana jest z postacią Wojciecha Chlebdy, między innymi twórcy frazematyki czy koncepcji idiomatykonu leksykograficznego.
Recognition analysis of spiral and straight-line drawings in tremor assessment
Authors: Jenei Attila Z. , Sztahó Dávid , Valálik István
Published: November 2024

Objectives

No standard, objective diagnostic procedure exists for most neurological diseases causing tremors. Therefore, drawing tests have been widely analyzed to support diagnostic procedures. In this study, we examine the comparison of Archimedean spiral and line drawings, the possibilities of their joint application, and the relevance of displaying pressure on the drawings to recognize Parkinsonism and cerebellar dysfunction. We further attempted to use an automatic processing and evaluation system.

Methods

Digital images were developed from raw data by adding or omitting pressure data. Pre-trained (MobileNet, Xception, ResNet50) models and a Baseline (from scratch) model were applied for binary classification with a fold cross-validation procedure. Predictions were analyzed separately by drawing tasks and in combination.

Results

The neurological diseases presented here can be recognized with a significantly higher macro f1 score from the spiral drawing task (up to 95.7 %) than lines (up to 84.3 %). A significant improvement can be achieved if the spiral is supplemented with line drawing. The pressure inclusion in the images did not result in significant information gain.

Conclusions

The spiral drawing has a robust recognition power and can be supplemented with a line drawing task to increase the correct recognition. Moreover, X and Y coordinates appeared sufficient without pressure with this methodology.
Neue Perspektiven für den Einbezug von Wolof im DaF-Unterricht im Senegal – Das Vokalsystem des Deutschen und Wolof im Vergleich
Authors: Diouf Mahamadou
Published: November 2024

Dieser Artikel versucht, die Relevanz der Beschäftigung mit dem Wolof im Lernprozess des Vokalsystems des Deutschen aufzuzeigen. Aus dem Beitrag geht hervor, dass die Vokallänge in beiden Sprachen ein relevantes Phänomen ist. Durch einen kontrastiven didaktischen Ansatz kann das Unterrichten des Deutschen im Senegal erleichtert werden. Französisch, das lange Zeit für den Deutschunterricht im Senegal verwendet wurde, ist nicht geeignet, um das Phänomen der Vokallänge zu unterrichten, da das Phänomen in dieser Sprache nicht relevant ist. Die hier vorgestellte Analyse schlägt einen Perspektivenwechsel im Deutschunterricht im Senegal vor. Auch wenn das Wolof dem Deutschen in Bezug auf den Vokalismus sehr ähnlich ist, gibt es einige Aspekte, die berücksichtigt werden müssen, um das Ziel nicht zu verfehlen.
Hat man da noch Worte? – Schulung der lexikalischen Präzision im zielorientierten Fremdsprachenunterricht Deutsch für spanischsprachige Translatoren
Authors: Zimmermann González Petra , Roiss Silvia
Published: November 2024

In diesem Artikel wird die Förderung der lexikalischen Präzision im Fremdsprachenunterricht Deutsch innerhalb des Bachelorstudiums Übersetzen und Dolmetschen unter dem Prisma der Zielorientiertheit ins Auge gefasst. Zunächst wird bestrebt, klare Linien zum herkömmlichen Fremdsprachenunterricht zu ziehen. Mittels der Einbeziehung des Fragenkatalogs von Nation (2020) und unterschiedlicher translatorischer Subkompetenzen (vgl. u. a. Kelly 2002) sowie der systematischen Anwendung digitaler Ressourcen und KI wird versucht, die lexikalische Präzision zu schulen. Wir erarbeiten spezifische Lerninhalte innerhalb des zielorientierten Fremdsprachenunterrichts für Translatoren, in denen die Lernziele genau angegeben werden. Die Verfolgung derselben wird Schritt für Schritt aufgeschlüsselt, um zu einem Gesamtbild zu gelangen. Diese Vorgehensweise kann als Modell fungieren, denn sie lässt sich an andere Lerninhalte im Zuge des zielsprachlichen Fremdsprachenunterrichts für Studierende des Translationsstudienganges anpassen.
La pregunta como instrumento de retroalimentación correctiva escrita en la formación en traducción jurídica (francés-español): un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Barceló Martínez Tanagua , Delgado Pugés Iván
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo, que se inscribe en el marco del Proyecto de Investigación “La retroalimentación formativa en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la traducción” (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, PID2020-113236GB-I00), tiene como objetivo poner de manifiesto la pertinencia de la utilización de la pregunta como método de retroalimentación escrita en la evaluación de encargos de traducción en las asignaturas de traducción jurídica del Grado en Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad de Málaga, en consonancia con la premisa socrática. El recurso a este mecanismo didáctico permite que, en un primer momento, el discente reflexione de forma más profunda sobre sus errores para, a continuación, entablar un diálogo con el evaluador que le posibilite alcanzar, de forma autónoma, una solución correcta que subsane dichas incorrecciones. Se trata, en suma, de fomentar un doble proceso correctivo que redunde en la calidad de las traducciones del alumnado. Para ello, partiremos, por un lado, de un corpus de traducciones (francés-español) corregidas y evaluadas por docentes de traducción jurídica, y, por otra, de la opinión de los alumnos sobre este mecanismo evaluativo expresada en una serie de cuestionarios confeccionados ad hoc.
Ethical budgets in (psycho-)linguistic fieldwork
Authors: Sarvasy Hannah S.
Published: November 2024

As most linguists and social scientists are now aware, cross-cultural field research can be extractive, especially when the target community does not have ready access to and/or understanding of the research products. The notions of collaborative research, with communities rather than on them, and co-design of research with the participant community, are now common currency in funding applications, and indeed, an international code of ethics for cross-cultural research now exists: the TRUST Code. But it is easy to pay lip service to some of the principles of the TRUST Code, such as collaboration, co-design, and respect, without offering hard proof of these, at project design and ethics and funding application stages. I propose a straightforward and easy-to-implement partial solution: fair budgets. I suggest, as a starting point, that: (1) any grant proposal or ethics application must state what proportion of the overall project funds will be distributed among local community members, and (2) the travel costs for outsiders must be less than or equal to funds distributed within the local community. Because it may be impossible to match the costs of international travel through participant payments alone, such quotas will require researchers not only to pay everyone who supports the project in the field fairly (as suggested in the TRUST Code on a smaller scale), but also to envision meaningful, capacity-building ways to involve local people in running the project. Then, once local people are trained, they can design and run their own locally relevant projects. Budget quotas are already used by research funders like the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, which requires that a minimum of 40 % of all grant monies must be spent in-country, but this idea has not yet taken hold widely in social science and humanities research.
Electronic and optical properties of Sb2Se3 and Sb2S3: theoretical investigations
Authors: Kasi Vinoth Kumar , Mayandi Jeyanthinath , Jose Sujin P. , Vasu Veerapandy , Bethke Kevin , Karazhanov Smagul Zh.
Published: November 2024

In recent developments in solar energy research, Sb2Se3 and Sb2S3 emerge as environment friendly photovoltaic absorber materials, distinguished by their narrow bandgap and high absorption coefficient. Theoretical investigations to determine the electronic structure, effective density of states, dielectric function, and absorption coefficient of Sb2Se3 and Sb2S3 crystals have been performed using first-principle methods. The results reveal band gap values of about 0.822 and 1.757 eV (PBE method), 1.114 and 1.778 eV (HSE06 method) for Sb2Se3 and Sb2S3, respectively. The valence band and conduction band edges are primarily formed by Se 4p, S 3p, and Sb 5p hybridized orbitals. The effective density of states (DOS) exhibit magnitudes on the order of 1019 cm−3. Notably, anisotropic characteristics are observed in the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function. Furthermore, the absorption coefficient surpasses 105 cm−1  at 1 and 1.2 eV for both Sb2Se3 and Sb2S3. The result indicates that these highly efficient absorber materials are suitable in collecting solar energy.
A PINACOTECA DO MUSEU JÚLIO DE CASTILHOS: galeria de vultos, fatos e lugares (1925-1939)
Authors: Figueira da Silva Ana Celina Figueira da
Published: November 2024

The Júlio de Castilhos museum's art gallery: gallery of figures, facts and places (1925-1939)Resumo: O trabalho indica a criação da Pinacoteca Histórica do Museu Júlio de Castilhos ocorrida na gestão do segundo diretor do Museu, o literado Alcides Maya entre os anos 1925 e 1939. A Pinacoteca era uma das nove seções que formavam o Departamento de História Nacional do Museu Júlio de Castilhos, coordenado pelo historiador e membro fundador do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Rio Grande do Sul, Eduado Duarte. Descreve o processo e os critérios de aquisição das obras que formariam a Pinacoteca, feito através de doaçãos mas também de compras e encomendas a artistas regionais e nacionais. Identifica a prevalência do valor histórico na seleção das obras sobre as questões estéticas evidenciando a importância das imagens nas narrativas históricas nos museus.Palavras-chave: Museu Júlio de Castilhos. Departamento de História Nacional do Museu Júlio de Castilhos. Pinacoteca Histórica do Museu Júlio de Castilhos.Abstract: The work indicates the creation of the Júlio de Castilhos Museum's Historical Art Gallery which took place during the administration of the Museum's second director, the literate Alcides Maya between 1925 and 1939. The Art Gallery was one of the nine sections that formed the Júlio Museum's National History Department de Castilhos, coordinated by the historian and founding member of the Historical and Geographical Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Eduardo Duarte. It describes the process and criteria for acquiring the works that would form the Pinacoteca, made through donations but also through purchases and commissions from regional and national artists. It identifies the prevalence of historical value in the selection of works on aesthetic issues, highlighting the importance of images in historical narratives in museums.Key-words: Julio de Castilhos Museum. National History Department of the Júlio de Castilhos Museum. Historical Art Gallery of the Júlio de Castilhos Museum.Artigo recebido em 23 de junho de 2021 e aprovado em 01 de novembro de 2021.
A POÉTICA DA CARNE DILACERADA EM TROUXAS ENSANGUENTADAS
Authors: Custódio Jacqueline
Published: November 2024

The poetics of the torn flesh in Bloody BundlesResumo: O presente artigo tem como tema a obra Trouxas Ensaguentadas, de Artur Barrio, apresentada nos anos 1969 e 1970, nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e Belo Horizonte. Partindo de um apanhado sobre a evolução da expografia das obras de arte ao longo do tempo, relacionou-se a sucessiva ampliação de linguagens e técnicas havidas a partir da Arte Moderna e Contemporânea a novos conceitos e espaços de exibição, situando a obra nos movimentos que conformaram a Arte Contemporânea, especialmente a Arte Guerrilha. Na sequência, foi detalhada a execução da obra e sua repercussão social, considerando-se o contexto político e social do período da ditadura militar no Brasil e a importância da cultura na resistência política, não apenas naquele ciclo, como também na atualidade.Palavras-chave: arte contemporânea. ditadura militar no Brasil. arte guerrilha. arte. política. Abstract: This article has as its theme the work Bloody Bundles, by Artur Barrio, presented in 1969 and 1970, in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. Based on an overview of the evolution of the expography of works of art over time, it was related to the successive expansion of languages and techniques from Modern and Contemporary Art to new concepts and exhibition spaces, placing the work in the movements that shaped the Contemporary Art, especially the Guerrilla Art. Following, the execution of the work and its social repercussion were detailed, considering the political and social context of the period of the military dictatorship in Brazil and the importance of culture in political resistance, not only in that cycle, but also in the present.Keywords: contemporary art. military dictatorship in Brazil. guerrilla art. art. politics.Artigo recebido em 27 de maio de 2021 e aprovado em 01 de novembro de 2021.
Apresentação
Authors: Fleck Eliane Cristina Deckmann , De Pinho Joana Balsa
Published: November 2024

O patrimônio cultural da saúde e da assistência define uma área de conhecimento que integra os vestígios materiais e imateriais, com valor histórico e cultural que consubstanciam as práticas seculares da assistência e da saúde. Este patrimônio pode apresentar várias tipologias, do arquitetônico ao arquivístico, passando pelo pictórico, científico e de cultura material. Devido à sua natureza multidisciplinar, o patrimônio cultural da saúde e da assistência necessita ser estudado, preservado, difundido e valorizado, levando em consideração suas características próprias.
Tal diversidade tipológica evidencia a riqueza deste campo de estudos, que convoca múltiplas disciplinas, incluindo a história, a arquitetura, a museologias e a conservação e restauro. É por esta razão, também, que a temática do patrimônio cultural da saúde e da assistência tem recebido uma crescente atenção por parte de historiadores, arquivistas, arquitetos e médicos. Foi no sentido de promover e divulgar as investigações que vêm sendo feitas sobre a temática do patrimônio da saúde e da assistência que se organizou este dossiê.
Os artigos que o compõem evidenciam o interesse na temática e a potencialidade das pesquisas realizadas em diferentes estados brasileiros e no exterior, através do acionamento da documentação disponível em acervos arquivísticos, bibliográficos, museológicos e iconográficos. Apontam, em razão disso, para a constituição de um campo multidisciplinar da história do patrimônio cultural da saúde e da assistência a nível nacional e internacional.
Hospital São Francisco de Assis como Patrimônio da Saúde. Um legado de Frei Alberto Beretta em Grajaú, Estado do Maranhão
Authors: Dias Paula Regina Pereira dos Santos Marques
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar a importância da fundação do Hospital São Francisco de Assis, o primeiro hospital da região de Grajaú, no Estado do Maranhão, como um patrimônio da saúde da cidade. A pesquisa integra a tese de doutorado em História defendida na UNISINOS/RS, intitulada “O padre médico de Grajaú: A trajetória de Frei Alberto Beretta no sertão maranhense (1949 a 1981)”. A problemática central reside na constatação de que, embora a patrimonialização de edifícios, monumentos e outros bens materiais seja frequentemente realizada por meio do tombamento no país, isso não implica que aqueles que não são oficialmente tombados não mereçam tratamento de conservação patrimonial. Isso é particularmente relevante na área da saúde, considerando a recente preocupação com a preservação desses espaços e instrumentos. A pesquisa utilizou uma metodologia bibliográfica e documental, baseada no acervo compilado durante o doutorado. A inclusão do Hospital São Francisco de Assis no rol de patrimônios materiais da saúde representa um reconhecimento da importância histórica e cultural das instituições de saúde na formação da identidade social e na memória coletiva. Preservar sua estrutura e história é essencial para garantir que futuras gerações possam compreender e valorizar as contribuições significativas desses espaços para a sociedade.
Reconhecendo um Patrimônio Cultural da Saúde: o Casarão do Lazareto em Nova Friburgo/RJ
Authors: Proença Anne Thereza de Almeida
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre os usos e interpretações dos patrimônios culturais da saúde e da assistência, a partir do estudo de caso do Casarão do Lazareto, localizado no município de Nova Friburgo, Região Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esta análise foi estimulada pelo início das obras de revitalização da edificação, construída no final do século XIX para servir de hospital de isolamento durante períodos de emergências sanitárias na cidade. A História da Saúde está intrinsicamente ligada à História de Nova Friburgo desde sua criação e sua materialidade passou a fazer parte da rotina da população, sendo constantemente ressignificada por ela. Por isso, é necessário articular fontes que nos revelem informações sobre as relações construídas entre este local de memória e a sociedade, assim como a influência dos interesses políticos e médico-sanitários que o envolveram em diversos contextos.