bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Seed Keepers
Authors: Sen Pooja
Published: September 2024

Seeds always presuppose cooperative arrangements of tending and care. Seeds are useful to think with because they connect the past, present, and future, carrying old biologies and inherited histories as well as genetic transformations and new possibilities. This essay traces a history of botanical classification in herbariums, photographs, and seed libraries in Palestine that stretches back to the nineteenth century. Through individuation and taxonomic ordering, colonial botanical archives isolated plants and people from history and vanished Palestinians from their land. The colonial archive's formal organization and orientation to preserving dead or disappearing objects also opens space to investigate the proliferation of archive-based artworks by contemporary Palestinian artists such as Larissa Sansour and Jumana Manna. Sansour and Manna's artworks demonstrate that the value of seeds lies in their cultivation, transformations, and local adaptations. The seed is an alternative archive that maintains the vitality of being in the world. The seed is well-suited to planting Palestinian futures that are living, growing, and changing.
Robust organ size in Arabidopsis is primarily governed by cell growth rather than cell division patterns
Authors: Burda Isabella , Brauns Fridtjof , Clark Frances K. , Li Chun-Biu , Roeder Adrienne H. K.
Published: September 2024

Organ sizes and shapes are highly reproducible, or robust, within a species and individuals. Arabidopsis thaliana sepals, which are the leaf-like organs that enclose flower buds, have consistent size and shape, indicating robust development. Cell growth is locally heterogeneous due to intrinsic and extrinsic noise. To achieve robust organ shape, fluctuations in cell growth must average to an even growth rate, which requires that fluctuations are uncorrelated or anti-correlated in time and space. Here, we live image and quantify the development of sepals with an increased or decreased number of cell divisions (lgo mutant and LGO overexpression, respectively), a mutant with altered cell growth variability (ftsh4), and double mutants combining these. Changes in the number of cell divisions do not change the overall growth pattern. By contrast, in ftsh4 mutants, cell growth accumulates in patches of over- and undergrowth owing to correlations that impair averaging, resulting in increased organ shape variability. Thus, we demonstrate in vivo that the number of cell divisions does not affect averaging of cell growth, preserving robust organ morphogenesis, whereas correlated growth fluctuations impair averaging.
Environmental and molecular control of tissue-specific ionocyte differentiation in zebrafish
Authors: Peloggia Julia , Lush Mark E. , Tsai Ya-Yin , Wood Christopher , Piotrowski Tatjana
Published: September 2024

Organisms cope with environmental fluctuations and maintain fitness in part via reversible phenotypic changes (acclimation). Aquatic animals are subject to dramatic seasonal fluctuations in water salinity, which affect osmolarity of their cells and consequently cellular function. Mechanosensory lateral line hair cells detect water motion for swimming behavior and are especially susceptible to salinity changes due to their direct contact with the environment. To maintain hair cell function when salinity decreases, neuromast (Nm)-associated ionocytes differentiate and invade lateral line neuromasts. The signals that trigger the adaptive differentiation of Nm ionocytes are unknown. We demonstrate that new Nm ionocytes are rapidly specified and selectively triggered to proliferate by low Ca2+ and Na+/Cl− levels. We further show that Nm ionocyte recruitment and induction is affected by hair cell activity. Once specified, Nm ionocyte differentiation and survival are associated with sequential activation of different Notch pathway components, a process different from other tissue-specific ionocytes. In summary, we show how environmental changes activate a signaling cascade that leads to physiological adaptation. This may prove essential for survival not only in seasonal changing environments but also in changing climates.
Ribosome biogenesis is essential for hemogenic endothelial cells to generate hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Liu Di , Wang Haizhen , Chen Haifeng , Tian Xitong , Jiao Yuqing , Wang Chi , Li Yuhui , Li Zongcheng , Hou Siyuan , Ni Yanli , Liu Bing , Lan Yu , Zhou Jie
Published: September 2024

Undergoing endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, a small fraction of embryonic aortic endothelial cells specializes into hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) and eventually gives rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Previously, we found that the activity of ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) is highly enriched in the HSC-primed HECs compared with adjacent arterial endothelial cells; however, whether RiBi is required in HECs for the generation of HSCs remains to be determined. Here, we have found that robust RiBi is markedly augmented during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition in mouse. Pharmacological inhibition of RiBi completely impeded the generation of HSCs in explant cultures. Moreover, disrupting RiBi selectively interrupted the HSC generation potential of HECs rather than T1 pre-HSCs, which was in line with its influence on cell cycle activity. Further investigation revealed that, upon HEC specification, the master transcription factor Runx1 dramatically bound to the loci of genes involved in RiBi, thereby facilitating this biological process. Taken together, our study provides functional evidence showing the indispensable role of RiBi in generating HSCs from HECs, providing previously unreported insights that may contribute to the improvement of HSC regeneration strategies.
Analysis of auxin responses in the fern Ceratopteris richardii identifies the developmental phase as a major determinant for response properties
Authors: Woudenberg Sjoerd , Alvarez Melissa Dipp , Rienstra Juriaan , Levitsky Victor , Mironova Victoria , Scarpella Enrico , Kuhn Andre , Weijers Dolf
Published: September 2024

The auxin signaling molecule regulates a range of plant growth and developmental processes. The core transcriptional machinery responsible for auxin-mediated responses is conserved across all land plants. Genetic, physiological and molecular exploration in bryophyte and angiosperm model species have shown both qualitative and quantitative differences in auxin responses. Given the highly divergent ontogeny of the dominant gametophyte (bryophytes) and sporophyte (angiosperms) generations, however, it is unclear whether such differences derive from distinct phylogeny or ontogeny. Here, we address this question by comparing a range of physiological, developmental and molecular responses to auxin in both generations of the model fern Ceratopteris richardii. We find that auxin response in Ceratopteris gametophytes closely resembles that of a thalloid bryophyte, whereas the sporophyte mimics auxin response in flowering plants. This resemblance manifests both at the phenotypic and transcriptional levels. Furthermore, we show that disrupting auxin transport can lead to ectopic sporophyte induction on the gametophyte, suggesting a role for auxin in the alternation of generations. Our study thus identifies developmental phase, rather than phylogeny, as a major determinant of auxin response properties in land plants.
Expanding the field of view – a simple approach for interactive visualisation of electron microscopy data
Authors: Wohlmann Jens
Published: September 2024

The unparalleled resolving power of electron microscopy is both a blessing and a curse. At 30,000× magnification, 1 µm corresponds to 3 cm in the image and the field of view is only a few micrometres or less, resulting in an inevitable reduction in the spatial data available in an image. Consequently, the gain in resolution is at the cost of loss of the contextual ‘reference space’, which is crucial for understanding the embedded structures of interest. This problem is particularly pronounced in immunoelectron microscopy, where the detection of a gold particle is crucial for the localisation of specific molecules. The common solution of presenting high-magnification and overview images side by side often insufficiently represents the cellular environment. To address these limitations, we propose here an interactive visualization strategy inspired by digital maps and GPS modules which enables seamless transitions between different magnifications by dynamically linking virtual low magnification overview images with primary high-resolution data. By enabling dynamic browsing, it offers the potential for a deeper understanding of cellular landscapes leading to more comprehensive analysis of the primary ultrastructural data.
A single-particle analysis method for detecting membrane remodelling and curvature sensing
Authors: Colussi Adeline , Almeida-Souza Leonardo , McMahon Harvey T.
Published: September 2024

In biology, shape and function are related. Therefore, it is important to understand how membrane shape is generated, stabilised and sensed by proteins and how this relates to organelle function. Here, we present an assay that can detect curvature preference and membrane remodelling with free-floating liposomes using protein concentrations in physiologically relevant ranges. The assay reproduced known curvature preferences of BAR domains and allowed the discovery of high-curvature preference for the PH domain of AKT and the FYVE domain of HRS (also known as HGS). In addition, our method reproduced the membrane vesiculation activity of the ENTH domain of epsin-1 (EPN1) and showed similar activity for the ANTH domains of PiCALM and Hip1R. Finally, we found that the curvature sensitivity of the N-BAR domain of endophilin inversely correlates to membrane charge and that deletion of its N-terminal amphipathic helix increased its curvature specificity. Thus, our method is a generally applicable qualitative method for assessing membrane curvature sensing and remodelling by proteins.
When Dad Can Stay Home: Fathers' Workplace Flexibility and Maternal Health
Authors: Persson Petra , Rossin-Slater Maya
Published: September 2024

We study how fathers' access to workplace flexibility affects maternal postpartum health. We use variation from a Swedish reform that granted new fathers more flexibility to take intermittent parental leave during the postpartum period and show that increasing the father's temporal flexibility—and thereby his ability to be present at home together with the mother—reduces the incidence of maternal postpartum health complications. Our results suggest that mothers bear part of the burden from a lack of workplace flexibility for men because a father's inability to respond to domestic shocks exacerbates the maternal health cost of childbearing. (JEL D13, I12, J13, J16, J22, J32, M54)
Optimal Sin Taxation and Market Power
Authors: O'Connell Martin , Smith Kate
Published: September 2024

We study how market power impacts the efficiency and redistributive properties of sin taxation, with an empirical application to sugar-sweetened beverage taxation. We estimate an equilibrium model of the UK drinks market, which we embed in a tax design framework to solve for optimal sugar-sweetened beverage tax policy. Positive price-cost margins for drinks create inefficiencies that lower the optimal rate compared with a perfectly competitive setting. Since profits mainly accrue to the rich, this is partially mitigated under social preferences for equity. Overall, ignoring market power when setting tax policy leads to welfare gains 40 percent below those at the optimum. (JEL D62, H21, H23, H25, L13, L25, L66)
The Curse of Plenty: The Green Revolution and the Rise in Chronic Disease
Authors: Sekhri Sheetal , Shastry Gauri Kartini
Published: September 2024

The rising rate of chronic disease is a leading driver of the global disease burden. Yet, its determinants are not fully understood. Exploiting the Green Revolution and its expansion in historically groundwater-rich Indian districts, we examine the unanticipated contribution of agricultural productivity growth to the rise in chronic, diet-related diseases. We find that areas with greater adoption of new staple varieties saw an increase in diabetes in men born after the introduction of high-yield crops. We find suggestive evidence that diet is an important mechanism, such as heterogeneous impacts with respect to dietary habits and increases in household calorie consumption. (JEL I12, O13, O15, O31, Q12, Q16)
Family Formation and Crime
Authors: Massenkoff Maxim , Rose Evan K.
Published: September 2024

We perform a large-scale analysis of the impact of family formation on crime. For mothers, criminal arrests drop precipitously in the first few months of pregnancy, decreasing 50 percent overall. Men show a sustained 20 percent decline in crime that begins around pregnancy, although arrests for domestic violence spike at birth. A separate design using parents of stillborn children to estimate counterfactual arrest rates reinforces the main findings. Marriage, in contrast, is not associated with any sudden changes and marks the completion of a gradual 50 percent decline in arrests for both men and women. (JEL J12, J16, J22, K42)
Combining bayesian and deep learning methods in computer vision problems
Authors: Δημητρακόπουλος Παναγιώτης
Published: September 2024

Τα νευρωνικά δίκτυα έχουν αναδειχθεί σε κυρίαρχη επιλογή για την μηχανική μάθηση τα τελευταία χρόνια, κυριαρχώντας σε πλήθος επιστημονικών πεδίων. Παρά την αδιαμφισβήτητη επιτυχία και τα εξαιρετικά αποτελέσματά τους, τα κλασικά νευρωνικά δίκτυα παρουσιάζουν και ορισμένα μειονεκτήματα. Ένα από τα πιο σημαντικά είναι η πολύ μεγαλή βεβαιότητα στις προβλέψεις τους (ειδικά τις λανθασμένες), φαινόμενο που γίνεται πιο έντονο όταν το μοντέλο καλείται να προβλέψει δεδομένα που διαφέρουν από τα δεδομένα εκπαίδευσης. Τα Μπεϋζιανά νευρωνικά δίκτυα έρχονται να προσφέρουν μια λύση σε αυτά τα προβλήματα, καθώς συνδυάζουν την αποτελεσματικότητα της βαθιάς μάθησης με τα πλεονεκτήματα της πιθανοτικής προσέγγισης που βασίζεται στην Μπεϋζιανή ανάλυση. Κατά την εκπαίδευση Μπεϋζιανών νευρωνικών δικτύων, η εστίαση τίθεται στην εκτίμηση της εκ των υστέρων κατανομής των παραμέτρων, δεδομένου του συνόλου εκπαίδευσης. Παρά τα πλεονεκτήματά τους, τα Μπεϋζιανά νευρωνικά δίκτυα φέρουν και μειονεκτήματα. Ένα από τα πιο σημαντικά είναι η αυξημένη υπολογιστική ισχύς που απαιτούν σε σύγκριση με τα κλασικά νευρωνικά δίκτυα. Καθώς ο αριθμός των παραμέτρων στα νευρωνικά δίκτυα αυξάνεται με την πάροδο του χρόνου, το ενδιαφέρον στρέφεται σε πιθανοτικές μεθόδους και τεχνικές που συνδυάζουν αποδοτικότητα με χαμηλή κατανάλωση υπολογιστικών πόρων. Στόχος λοιπόν είναι η αποδοτική πιθανοτική μοντελοποίηση παραμέτρων που οδηγεί σε εύρωστες προβλέψεις και αξιόπιστες τιμές αβεβαιότητας στα αποτελέσματα. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή εστιάζει στην ανάπτυξη αποδοτικών Μπεϋζιανών μοντέλων και τεχνικών με εφαρμογή σε προβλήματα υπολογιστικής όρασης, όπως η κατηγοριοποίηση εικόνων, η ανίχνευση αντικειμένων και σημασιολογική κατάτμηση. Ειδικότερα, η διατριβή εστιάζει στο πρόβλημα της αξιόπιστης και πιθανοτικής ανίχνευσης αντικειμένων σε εικόνες. Προτείνεται μια νέα Μπεϋζιανή τεχνική για την εξαγωγή χαρακτηριστικών, με στόχο τη δημιουργία ευρύτερων περιγραφών εικόνων που μπορούν να αξιοποιηθούν για βελτιωμένα αποτελέσματα. Στη συνέχεια, η διατριβή εστιάζει στην εφαρμογή της Μπεϋζιανής ανάλυσης σε νευρωνικά δίκτυα με παραμετρους υψηλής διαστασης, προτείνοντας τεχνικές που υπερβαίνουν αυτό το πρόβλημα ορίζοντας έναν εναλλακτικό χαμηλής διαστασης χώρο στον οποίο εφαρμόζεται η πιθανολογική ανάλυση. Η διατριβή ολοκληρώνεται με την πρόταση μιας νέας μεθόδου για την αποτελεσματική μοντελοποίηση των συσχετίσεων μεταξύ των βαρών ενός νευρωνικού δικτύου. Η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος παρουσιάζει σημαντικά μειωμένο υπολογιστικό κόστος σε σύγκριση με εναλλακτικές προσεγγίσεις. Η διατριβή αυτή υποστηρίζει ότι οι Μπεϋζιανές μέθοδοι αποτελούν όχι μόνο μια αξιόπιστη εναλλακτική λύση εκπαίδευσης για σύγχρονα νευρωνικά δίκτυα με πολλές παραμέτρους, αλλά και μια αποδοτική λύση, η οποία μπορεί να έχει χαμηλό υπολογιστικό κόστος.
Biological Control of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with fungi from Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Souza Nárcya Trindade de , Frederico Bruno Leite Beltrão , Mendonça Gleison Rafael Queiroz , Araujo Atilon Vasconcelos de , Sousa Adalberto Hipólito , Carvalho Clarice Maia
Published: September 2024

Stored grains are attacked by insect pests, causing various types of damage and potentially generating economic losses for producers. Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), popularly known as the red flour beetle, is one of these secondary pests. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of entomopathogenic fungi from the Brazilian Amazon for the control of T. castaneum. To evaluate the control of T. castaneum, different conidial suspensions (105, 106, 107 and 108 conidia/mL) of Beauveria sp. (4.438) and Paecilomyces sp. (4.658) were used, placing 1 mL of each concentration in the center of Petri dish and keeping the insects for 10 min. After that, they were transferred to another Petri dish, incubated for 7 days at room temperature, and Tween 0.01% and NaCl 0.9% solutions were used as negative controls. T. castaneum mortality was obtained only at the highest dilution, 108 conidia/mL, being 22% for the fungus Beauveria sp. (4.438) and 5% for Paecilomyces sp. (4.658). Susceptibility to exposure to abiotic factors was measured with suspensions of Beauveria sp. (4.438) conidia at a concentration of 106 conidia/mL exposed to ultraviolet light for 0, 30, 60 and 120 seconds, and at temperatures of 20, 26 and 32 ºC for 30, 60 and 90 min. The highest germination rate was at 20 °C for 90 minutes, with 92%. The entomopathogenic fungi from the Amazon showed low potential for controlling T. castaneum, however, they may present a higher mortality rate for other insect pests.
On the monotonicity of non-local perimeter of convex bodies
Authors: Giannetti Flavia , Stefani Giorgio
Published: September 2024

Under mild assumptions on the kernel $K\ge0$, the non-local $K$-perimeter
$P_K$ satisfies the monotonicity property on nested convex bodies;
i.e.\ if $A\subset B\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ are two convex bodies,
then $P_K(A)\le P_K(B)$.
In this note, we prove quantitative lower bounds on the difference
of the $K$-perimeters of $A$ and $B$ in terms of their Hausdorff distance, provided that $K$ satisfies suitable symmetry properties.
Intrinsic religiosity and purchase intention: The role of attitude and moral efficacy
Authors: Suseno Andi , Bidayati Utik , Purwoko Purwoko , Waeno Mahamadaree
Published: September 2024

The diversity of products on the market today raises various kinds of consumer considerations when making purchases. Consumers will consider the basics they have before making a purchase. Factors that influence consumers before making a purchase come from internal and external consumers. In this study, consumer behavior analysis is seen based on internal factors such as intrinsic religiosity, attitude, and moral efficacy. This study analyzes the effect of intrinsic religiosity on purchase intention by mediating attitude and moral efficacy. This study examines the behavior of consumers of cosmetic products in Yogyakarta, Indonesia and obtained a sample of 92 respondents. The research data were analyzed using the Smart PLS 4.0 software to test validity, reliability, and bootstrapping. The results of the study proved intrinsic religiosity does not negatively affect purchase intention, intrinsic religiosity has no positive effect on attitude, intrinsic religiosity has a positive effect on moral efficacy, attitude negatively affects purchase intention, moral efficacy has no negative effect on purchase intention,  attitude does not mediate the influence of intrinsic religiosity on purchase intention, and moral efficacy did not mediate the effect of intrinsic religiosity on purchase intention.
Mental Health Model Development for Families with Adolescents in Chunchon City
Authors: Huh Nam Soon , Noh Choon Hee
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop a mental health model for families with adolescents in Chunchon. The researchers investigated problems of the families with adolescents and the families 1 de sire for counseling and programs to enhance the family functioning. The researchers also in vestigated that the parents can use to receive counseling or participate educational programs to improve parenting skills and family relationships in the Chunchon city area. In-depth interviews with principals, superintendents, parents, agency staff were conducted to find out the community re sources. Questionnaires were completed by 695 parents who had adolescents in Chunchon area high schools.This result revealed the following :1) Most families did not have counseling experience with teachers or professional counselors even though they would like to have these op portunities. 2) Many families want to have counseling as well as participate in family education and family activity programs. However, there <ire inadequate family counseling centers in the community. Most agencies in the Chunchon city area serve families who have speical problems such as adolescent behavioral problems, divorce, sexual abuse, mental illness or financial difficulties. The counseling center at differ ent schools provide limited counseling services to students and families.3) To prevent adolescent problems and family con flict. the function of the agencies in the com munity should be broadened, ('ounseling center at school should screen the stucents who have(lif ferent problems and refer them to appropriate agencies earlier. Kangwon Province youth counseling centers should develop new programs for different schools as well as train the staff.Furthermore, the other agencies in the com munity must develop prevention and treatment programs for the population whom they are serv ing and increase their re feral lunctioning,1) There should be family cotnseling center and shelter for run-away youths or youths from viol ent: families. Moreover, there should be a 24 hour telephone hotline.5) To improve quality of counseling services, there should be regular case conferences and consul teition meetings between c ounselor and pro fessionals in the community.()) There should be financial and administration sup port from government.
Determinants of the Attitude toward Death in the Aged of the C city and Death Education Program Development
Authors: Ahn Hivang Ran
Published: September 2024

The Attitude toward Death is an essential component in health and the quality of life of the aged. But even though the attitude toward death aniong the aged has been documented in western country, few studies have been conducted related to the attitude toward death in Korea, Especially, re lationship of few the general characteristics and the attitude toward death among the aged has been studied in previous research and literature, but re lationship of many variables(16) and the attitude toward death was studied in this study.The purpose of this study was to identify the atti tude toward death and related factors of the aged in the C city, 179 subjects were participated in the study. Th<i survey questionaire was developed by Schneidman.SPSS /PC+ was utililized for data analysis and in cluded discriptive statistics, X 2 -test. The results of this study are summed zed as follows :1. Variables(13) showed statistically significant dif ference in the attitude toward death of the aged were : sex, age, education, existence of spouse, family,occupation,existence and type of mt rest, personality,satisfaction of life, happiness of mar riage, existence and type of disease. But it wasn't, significantly different according to religion, un married family, economic.2. Possible nursing interventions from results of this study are encourage of hobby, rational emotive theraphy for satisfaction about life, and marital theraphy and family system functioning theraphy for marital happiness. Development of Death Edu cation Program need for the individual and fam ily. For the individual (ag<*d)need phisical.rnen tai,social,spiritual education program. For family need family care and hospice care education program related death.In conclusion the 13 variables of 16 variables showed statistically significant difference in the at titude toward death in the aged of the C city. And.I)eveopment of Death Education Program need for the individual and family. For the individual (aged) need phisical, mental, social, spiritual education program. For family need family care and hospice care education program related death. Therefore further research are needed to develop better the at titude toward death measurement tool to identify the attitude toward death of the aged, and to de velop and evaluate nursing intervention.
Effect of Self Growth Program on the State Anxiety of Nursing Students before Initial Clinical Experience
Authors: Kim Mun Young
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study v/as to examine the ef feet of the Self Growth Piogram on the State Anxiety of Nursing Students before Initial Clinical Experience, and Time Series Design, quasi - expur imental study was attempted to establish the pur pose.The Self Growth Program was developed by Hyung-Deuk Lee and the State Anxiety Inventory was developed by Spielberger.The subjects v/ere assigned randomly into an ex perimental group and control group consisting of 1() students each.Subjects in experimental group(n = 10) were* assigned 14hours the Self Growth Program before initial clinical experience and then were measured the state -anxiety as soon as finished the program and just before initial clinical experience.Subjects in control group(n= 10) were measured the state-anxiety twice witliout any program as same time as experimental group were measured the state-anxiety.The results were analyzed by -test, t-test, Re peated measure ANOVA and time contrast method using SAS program.1'he results are summarized as follows :1. There were no significant differences in the charactristics of the subjects oetween the exper imental and control group.2. The hypothesis that the experimental group who are participated on the Self Growth Program between Control group who ar’nt participated on the Self Growth Program will show interaction ef ­ fect between group and as time goes on was supported (F = 7.27, p = 0.0003).3. The hypothesis II that after participated the program will show lower degree of the State Anxiety score than befoie participated the program in the experimental group was sup ported (F = 9.35, p = 0.0136).Results of this study showed that Self Growth Program is effective in decreasing State-Anxiety of nursing students before initial clinical experience.
An Ethnographic Study on the Aggressive behavior of Elementary School-children
Authors: Pai Hang Ja , Lee In Sun , Kim Eun Sim
Published: September 2024

This study aims to understand children's aggressive behaviors which have established the sources of serious problems such as school violences and self-injured actions, and to give fundamental informations which are helpful to the effective remediation of the aggressive behaviors. So, some stud('nts of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade of an elementary school are selected as a group of subjects. This study is focused cn how the subject group did aggressive actions under the actual and specific range of social circumstance of 'school’, and the types of such actions. Thus researchers used ethnographic study - the way of describmg everyday lives -that They might accomplish the aim of this study well. The method is to deeply concern with a peculiar social culture, school, and to collect and analyze necessary data.Findings show the types of children's violent behaviors, especially some that need one’s attention. These are as follows First, one of motives of aggressive actions is that a simple mischief with no intention and hostility leads to an aggressive action. Second, some students use aggressive actions which seem to be the signs of school violence in order that they may prevent others' aggressive actions and punish them. In the process of showing the aggressive characteristic : 1) even if it is not serious, some students used knives and scissors to others. 2) Some students used the way of biting others like animals. It is also shown in findings that these aggressive actions give much emotional influence to witnesses of same age as well as aggressors and victims, and cause them to learn aggressive behaviors through thinking process, negative of positive.
Effects of Humorous Video Tapes on Mental Health Status and Interpersonal Relationships with Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Yu Sook Ja , Yang Soo , Lee Jong Eun
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of humorous video tapes on mental health status and interpersonal relationships with psychiatric inpatients.Forty four psychiatric inpatients were sampled from two university hospitals from September, 1997 to March, 1999. They were divided into two groups by hospital - an experimental group of 21 and a control group of 23 individuals.The intervention of showing humor video tapes to the experimental group was conducted three times a week for 3 weeks. The experimental group was compared with the control group before and after the intervention, in terms of mental health status and interpersonal relationships.Two instruments were used to assess mental health status： SCR-90--R： and to evaluate interpersonal relationships： Chuns Relationship Change scale. The data were analyzed using z" -test, unpaired and paired t~test, two-way ANOVA.The results were as follows :1. The score of SCL-90-R was significantly improved after humorous video tape intervention with the experimental group, while that of the control group was significantly improved n all categories except somatization and hostility. However, there was no significant difference in all categories between the two groups.2. The level of interpersonal relationships revealed significant difference between pre-and post-intervention in the experimental group but showed no significant difference between the two groups.3. The score of hostility by gender revealed a significant difference between the two groups but there was an interaction between group and gender. There were also interaction effects on the scores of psychosis and interpersonal relationsh：ps between group and gender. The score of psychosis for male patients showed a significant difference between the groups. Th(* score of interpersonal relationship for male patients revealed a significant difference between the groups and was significantly different from that of female patients in the experimental group.4. The score of paranoki ideation had no significant different between the groups but had a significant differ군nee by educational level. However, there was no a interaction between group and education level.5. For the level of interpersonal relationships according to employment status, there v/as a significant difference between the groups and no interaction between groups and employment status. In the light of cur findings, the study implies that humorous video tape intervention ；s effective on parts of mental health status and interpersonal relationships with psychiatric inpatients.However, further study is needed to examine the intervention effects with larger samples and longer study periods.
Concept Analysis of Conflict
Authors: Jun Eun Hee , Sohn In Soon , Kim Il Won
Published: September 2024

Communicating with others forms one of fundamental factors in human life.We experience conflicts while the communi cation occurs. Conflicts may have influences on human life in two different ways. One may be a negative one while the other is a positive one.If conflicts is solved in a positive way, it would help each individual grow or get developed further.It is inevitable for human beings, as members of society, to avoid conflicts in their normal life.People cannot upgrade their relationship without solving conflicts.This research is to provide people and society with better understanding about the concept of conflict by analysing its nature and causes.The attributes of conflict can be described as follows :1. Conflict works as an obstacle in relationship, which destroys communication or trust in human life. Thus it must be solved.2. Conflict is an essential factor in relationship and performs an important role in human behavior. Thus it must be promoted 3. Conflict motivates people to explore their ego.Thus it must be encouraged.
Knowledge and Coping of family Caregivers with Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Lim Young Mi , Ahn Yang Heui
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine a relationship between family caregiver's knowledge on schizophrenia and coping on problem behaviors of patients with schizo phrenia. A descriptive correlational study was conducted. A total of 57 family caregivers with schizophrenic patients participated in this study.The instruments. Knowledge Scale, and Coping Scale were used in this study. Knowledge Scale designed by the research team was composed of 28 items including cause(5 items), treatment(5items), symptoms (5 items), medications (5items), and relapse(5 items). For Knowledge scale, the cronbachs alpha was 0.81. Coping Scale with 22 items designed by the research team was composed of negative coping and positive coping. Among 22 items of Knowledge scale, 6 items were removed since of low reliability. Revised coping scale with 16 items was used. For internal consistency, cronbach's alpha of revised coping scale was 0.74.Confirmatory factor analysis for the revised coping scale indicated four significant factors which explained 63,6% of the variance. Four factors were named as positive coping with verbal behavior, positive coping with help seeking, negative coping with passive behavior, and negative coping with active behavior.The results show that there is a significant negative relationship between caregiver's knowledge on schizophrenia and negative coping with passive behavior toward patients' problem behaviors(r:-.28, p<.05). This indicates that the more family caregivers have a lack of knowledge on patient's disease, the more family caregivers use negative coping with passive behavior.The findings in this study have implications for coping strategies and suggest the need to provide the knowledge on patient's disease to family caregivers caring patients with schizophrenia. The data in this research suggest that providing the knowledge of patient's disease to family caregivers is a nursing intervention, which is a highly structured and systematic approach that involved using caregivers' effective coping strategies.
A Grounded Theory Approach to the Phenomenon of elderly women's anger
Authors: Kioon Hye Jin , Rho Eun Sun
Published: September 2024

Anger is one of the most common human experiences that brings about an intricate diversity of problem-mental as well as physical throughout life. Experience of anger is likely to be expressed as anger-in mode in Korean culture. With respect to the expression of anger, anger-in inode showed powerful predictors to Hwa-Byung'. Sufferers of ’Hwa-Byung’ in the present study tended to be females in sex and older in age. The causes of ’Hwa-Byung' were considered also as the causes of 'Hann’. 'Hwa-Byung' is common line in etiological life experiences and emotional reactions with 'Hann'. 'Hwa-Byung’ can be said to be a pathological condition of 'Hann' resulting from failure to overcome 'Hann' for an extended span of time.This study was designed to identify the experiences of elderly women's anger pheno menon.The subjects were 5 elderly women. Data were collected by recording and transcribing interviews and analyzed in the framework of grounded theory as shaped out by Strauss and Corbin(1998).The core category in the analysis of the phenomenon of elderly women's anger was "being impatient". In the process of data analysis, categories were identified. These categories were further grouped into central category and conditions of different kinds.Based upon these results, it is expected that the theoretical framework provided by this study, which shows how 'anger' occurs, changes, develops and resolve will help nursing practitioners develop a better understanding of anger and offer more efficient nursing intervention to prevention ’Hwa-Byung’.
The Effects of Social Adjustment Training Program on Chronic Schizophrenia Patients ' Self-Esteem and Interpersonal Relations
Authors: Kim Jin Hee , Song Young Sun
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of social adjustment training program on chronic schizophrenia patients* self-esteem and interpersonal relations so as to suggest evidence which could be applied in a clinic situation. Methods: The study was designed with nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design.The subjects of this study were 31 hospitalized chronic schizophrenia patients in J. sanatorium for mental disease in Busan. An experimental group of 16 and a control group of 15 patients participated. This study was carried out from April 20, 2002 to July 6, 2002.The program that used for social adjustment training was based on u Modem Mental Health & Community PART I (1996) M and “Community based Mental Health Nursing Programme for Rehabilitation of Long-term Psychiatric Patients(1998) n and reconstructed by author. The program was performed 6 times, once a week.The effectiveness of the program was investigated through Self-Esteem Scale(SES) and Relationship Change Scale (RCS). The tool for self esteem was made by Rosenberg in 1965. It was translated by Cheon, Byung Jae.The tool for interpersonal relations was made by Schien and Guerney. It was translated by Moon, Seon Mo(1980) and modified by Cheon, Suk Kyun(1994).The collected data was analyzed by SAS 8.2 program with x 2 - test and t-test.Results: The results of the study were as follows :1. The first hypothesisu The experimental group which received the social adjustment training program would score higher fromself-esteem scale than control group", was supported(p= .0005).2. The second hypothesis “The experimental group which received the social adjustment training program would score higher from interpersonal relations scale than control group", was supported(p= .0145).Conclusion: From the above results, social adjustment training program had a positive effect on chronic schizophrenia patients' self-esteem and interpersonal relations. So social adjustment training program could be an effective nursing intervention to improve the self-esteem and interpersonal relations of chronic schizophrenia patients.
The Effects of Solution-Focused Group Counseling on the Purpose in life and Depression in the Delinquent Juveniles
Authors: Ko Mi Ja , Yu Sook Ja
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To designed to examine the effects of solution-focused group counseling on the purpose in life and depression in the delinquent juveniles.Methods: The subjects consisted of 60 delinquent juveniles who had been placed under probation in Kwang-ju, and recruited from Oct., 2000 to Dec., 2000.The solution-focused group counseling was conducted for the experimental group once a week for 120 to 180 minutes for 6 weeks, and not for the control group.For both groups the level of purpose in life and depression were measured before and after the experiment .Results: 1. The purpose-in life increased in the experimental group and significantly decreased in the control group. A significant difference between the two groups was not revealed.2. The depression significantly decreased in the experimental group and significantly increased in the control group. A significant difference between the two groups was revealed.Conclusion: This study seems likely that solution-focused group-counselling has a positive effect on the depression.
Family Hardiness and Adaptation in Family with Adult who have Mental Retardation
Authors: Yun E Hwa , Tak Young Ran
Published: September 2024

This research was studied 100 families who have mentally retarded adults at the social welfare centers or sheltered workshop in Seoul and Kyongggi-do to explore the relatk)nship of family stress, family strain, family hardiness, and family adaptation by using the Resiliency Model of family Stress, Adjustment, Adaptation.Results from regression analysis revealed that family hardiness operated as a mediating factor between family stress and family adaptation. It was found through this study that the most influential factors affecting family adaptation are family hardiness, and marital period, and family strain and family stress have some effects on family adaptation not directly but indirectly.Findings provided evidence for the theoretical and empirical significance of family hardiness as a predictor of family adaptation. Further, these findings suggest that family hardiness is a influencing factor that is the resiliency of family who have a adults with mental retardation. Therefore, implications for practice such as a development of the program and policies for the families who have a adult with mental retardation are discussed in relation to the family hardiness of those families.
A Study of Relationship on Suicidal Risk, Self-esteem and TA Ego Function of High School Girls
Authors: Lee Sook
Published: September 2024

Purpose: It was to examine the association suicidal risk, self-esteem and Transactional Ego function on cultural women's high school and to make a comparative of suicidal risk between high and low group of Ego function.Methods: Two hundred seven high school girls, who were entered by convenient sampling and self permission.Datum were gathered using following instruments: Suicide Probability Scale(SPS), Self-esteem inventory, and Egogram checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS win 10.0. Results: There were significant difference in grade, religion and number of friend. The 10th grade's score of suicidal risk was higher than that of 12th grade adolescence in girl. The group of catholic was the highest score of suicidal risk. The more number of friend have the lower score of suicidal risk. The Score of Suicidal risk were differenced by Ego function of AC and NP. The higher function of AC and the lower function of NP were the higher suicidal risk. And the higher function of CP, NP and A were the higher self-esteem. Conclusion: Suicidal Risk were correlated self-esteem and transactional ego function. For suicide prevention, independent assessments of variables such as grade, number of friend, self-esteem, and ego function of AC and NP must be considered.
A Grounded Theory Approach to the Experiences of Hospitalization
Authors: Kwon Hye Jin , Rho Eun Sun , Kwon Sun Sook , Kim Kyung Hee , Yeoum Soon Gyo , Song Mi Seung , Cho Ju Yeon
Published: September 2024

Hospitalization is a life experience cause stress and these stress was indicated human character to confront with multiple factors. This study was designed to identify admission experiences of the patients in the hospital.The findings are expected to contribute to the development of a nursing theory helpfill to nursing practice.The subjects were 8 patients. Data were collected by recording and transcribing interviews and analyzed in the framework of grounded theory as mapped out by Strauss and Corbin(1998). The core category in the analysis of the phenomenon of patient's admission experience was "unfamiliarity". In the process of data analysis, 173 concepts, 42 subcategories were identified. These subcategories were again grouped into 11. 4 hypotheses were confirmed as follows :1) The subjects tend to use all strategies and get stabilized if ailment is serious ; if the wardavailable strategies including positive, negative and emotional coping the decision for hospitalization was made by others : if the state of environment is unfavorable; if the medical staff are unkind and arrogant but they have abundant supportive system. 2) The subjects tend to adopt a positive coping strategy and get stabilized if the decision for hospitalization was made by others; if the state of ailment is acute but not serious; if the ward environment is favorable and the medical staff are kind.3) The subjects tend to rely on a negative coping strategy and get frustrated if the decision for hospitalization was made by themselves; if the state of ailment is serious; if the ward environment is unfavorable and the medical staff unkind; if they have scanty supportive system.4) Some of the subjects tend use a positive coping strategy and get stabilized but the others tend to rely on a negative coping strategy and get frustrated; if the decision for hospitalization was made by others; if the state of ailment is chronic; if awkwardness is not intense and the ward environment is favorable and medical staff are kind though they have scanty supportive system.
Au-delà de L'Histoire en miettes
Authors: Bastos Pereira das Neves Lucia Maria , De Moraes Vieira Beatriz , Belmonte Alexandre , Correa Claudio Miranda , Monteiro Machado Marina
Published: September 2024

En novembre 2023, l'Ambassade de France a amené le professeur François Dosse au Brésil, pour une tournée de lancement du livre La saga des intellectuels français, 1944-1989 (2023), dont l'édition brésilienne est publiée en deux volumes par Estação Liberdade. Accompagné de son éditeur brésilien et du représentant du Bureau du Livre de l'Ambassade, Dosse s'est présenté à l'Institut de Philosophie et des Sciences Humaines de l'Université d'État de Rio de Janeiro avec deux agendas. D'abord, donner une conférence d'environ deux heures, dressant un panorama très systématique de l'activité des intellectuels depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale jusqu'au bicentenaire de la Révolution française et la chute du mur de Berlin. Mission accomplie avec excellence, salle comble et standing ovation. Deuxièmement, pour une interview – à plusieurs mains, ou bouches – avec Revista Maracanan. Bien habitués aux écrits de l'auteur de L'Histoire en miettes, bibliographie obligatoire pour les cours d'introduction aux études historiques à travers le pays, notre regard s'est tourné vers des questions transversales, qui pourraient mobiliser des réponses utiles pour les historiens expérimentés et en herbe. Ainsi, l’interrogation initiale a abouti à une évaluation de l’historiographie actuelle produite par l’École des Annales. Nous avons ensuite parlé de l’ouverture de l’Histoire à d’autres épistémologies, à d’autres échelles et connexions, contrairement aux perspectives eurocentriques. Et enfin, sur l'importance de la production historiographique brésilienne dans le domaine de la Théorie de l'Histoire et de l'Histoire de l'Historiographie, malgré les limites idiomatiques de la côte à côte.
Integrating cardiac palliative care into practice—part two: development of a cardiac palliative care framework
Authors: Millerick Yvonne , Welstand Jenny , Barton Carys
Published: September 2024

Professional and public perceptions that active cardiac care options must be exhausted before palliative care can commence remain a barrier to optimal person-centred care throughout the heart failure trajectory. This article is the second of a three-part series, and describes the development of a cardiac supportive palliative care resource framework to guide professionals with the simultaneous integration of a cardiac and palliative care approach in clinical practice. The framework was developed in partnership with patient, carer and professional experts across the UK. It was designed to bridge the gap between evidence and practice (described in part one of this series) by supporting the integration of cardiac palliative care into everyday clinical practice. The framework also aims to raise awareness about what palliative care is and what it is not. It identifies core components of cardiac palliative care and promotes future care planning conversations using a ‘what matters’, person-centred, needs-based approach.
Celebrating GI nursing at the BSG conference
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: September 2024

Penny Harrison examines the British Society of Gastroenterology's recent 2024 conference and highlights some key takeaways for GI nurses