bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heated Syringe Extrusion for Soft Gripper Fabrication in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Yu Kwang Yeol , Jeong Woo Jin , Lee In Hwan
Published: January 2025

This study explores the feasibility of creating a pneumatically driven soft gripper using Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) through Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technology via a heated syringe extrusion process. Unlike traditional DIW methods that do not involve heating, this approach allows for the extrusion of heat-sensitive materials like TPU, thereby broadening the potential applications of additive manufacturing. The soft gripper was designed based on prior research, and key fabrication parameters—such as temperature, pneumatic pressure, and nozzle diameter—were optimized. The resulting soft gripper was assessed for its mass, surface quality, and bending performance. The findings indicated that the soft gripper produced through heated syringe extrusion exhibited surface characteristics and mass comparable to those made using conventional Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) techniques. Additionally, bending performance tests demonstrated that the gripper could be predictably controlled through pneumatic pressure, achieving bending angles consistent with previous studies. These results suggest that heated syringe extrusion is a viable method for producing high-quality TPU-based soft robotic devices, providing a cost-effective and versatile solution within flexible manufacturing systems.
Pengembangan Konsep Wisata Berbasis Website Terhadap Suistainable Tourism Pada Wisata Alam Bantimurung Kabupaten Maros
Authors: Ramli Muhammad Alamsyah , Rahmah Puji , Nurmilasari Nurmilasari
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui Pengaruh Konsep Wisata Berbasis Website Browser Terhadap Suistainable Tourism (Pariwisata Berkelanjutan) Pada Wisata Alam Bantimurung Kabupaten Maros, (2) Mengetahui Pengaruh Konsep Wisata Berbasis Website Server Terhadap Suistainable Tourism (Pariwisata Berkelanjutan) Pada Wisata Alam Bantimurung Kabupaten Maros, (3) Mengetahui Pengaruh Konsep Wisata Berbasis PHP Terhadap Suistainable Tourism (Pariwisata Berkelanjutan) Pada Wisata Alam Bantimurung Kabupaten Maros.
            Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 orang, terdiri dari pegawai Balai Taman Nasional Bantimurung berjumlah 20 orang, masyarakat Kecamatan Bantimurung berjumlah 10 orang, pengunjung Air Terjun Bantimurung berjumlah 10 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel jenuh dimana keseluruhan populasi dijadikan responden dalam penelitian ini. survei dilakukan dari bulan mahasiswaelaksanaan penelitian selama 2 (dua) bulan yaitu Agustus s.d September 2024.
            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Website Browser berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Suistainable Tourism Pada Wisata Alam Bantimurung Kabupaten Maros, (2) Penerapan sistem yang telah dirancang pada website server menggunakan Nginx lebih cepat dalam merespons permintaan klien dari pada Apache, (3) Pembuatan website menggunakan pemrograman PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) mempunyai berbagai macam kelebihan dan keunggulan bila dibandingkan dengan menggunakan program lain yang sejenis. Hal ini berarti dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa website Browser, Server, PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)  merupakan variabel yang besar pengaruhnya terhadap  Suistainable Tourism (Pariwisata Berkelanjutan) Pada Wisata Alam Bantimurung Kabupaten Maros
A cost-effectiveness analysis of sotorasib as second-line treatment for patients with KRAS-G12C-mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) in Switzerland
Authors: El Saadany Tämer , Lupatsch Judith , Mark Michael , Barbier Michaela , Mehra Tarun , Schwenkglenks Matthias , Von Moos Roger
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Because of the lack of effective targeted treatment options, docetaxel has long been the standard second-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, including the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) G12C mutation. The CodeBreak 200 trial demonstrated that sotorasib, a new drug targeting the G12C-mutated KRAS protein, modestly improved progression-free survival compared with docetaxel in patients whose cancer had progressed after receiving platinum chemotherapy and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) / programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors as first-line treatment. Consequently, sotorasib received temporary approval in Switzerland.
Our analysis assessed the cost-effectiveness of sotorasib as a second-line treatment in Swiss patients with non-small cell lung cancer from the perspective of the Swiss statutory health insurance system.
METHODS: A partitioned survival model based on the CodeBreak 200 trial was constructed with a time horizon of 10 years and a discount rate of 3% for costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Parametric survival curves were fitted to the published Kaplan-Meier data, and survival was extrapolated. QALYs were obtained from the CodeBreak 100 trial and the literature. The costs of drugs, drug administration, diagnostics, disease management, and adverse events were considered. Because the price of sotorasib has not been established in Switzerland, two scenarios were analysed: the first used the published expected monthly United Kingdom (UK) price in Swiss francs (CHF 7870); the second used one-quarter of that price (CHF 1968), according to the lower dose used in the most recent trial, under the condition that one-quarter of the original sotorasib dose is equally effective. Treatment costs of adverse events were included.
RESULTS: Log-normal functions best fitted the survival curves from CodeBreak 200. For sotorasib versus docetaxel, our estimation showed no difference in QALYs (1.28 QALYs for both treatments), as the reduced adverse events reported in CodeBreak 200 for sotorasib had a minimal impact on the QALYs in our calculation. This made an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) calculation irrelevant. Total per-patient costs were CHF 138,894 for the full sotorasib dose, CHF 82,741 for the one-quarter dose, and CHF 80,383 for docetaxel. These results were robust in 99% of probabilistic simulations.
CONCLUSION: Sotorasib did not demonstrate cost-effectiveness at the full dosage nor when reduced to a quarter of the dose. The primary factors motivating clinicians to prescribe sotorasib are its superior overall response rate compared with docetaxel and the reported improvement in patients’ quality of life. These factors suggest that it would be reasonable to price it at approximately one-quarter of the assumed cost in the UK.
Towards a Surrogate-assisted PALLAS algorithm for Gene Regulatory Network Inference
Authors: Amorim Neto Hugo de A. , Loo Luis , Lacerda Marcelo G. P. de , Braga Neto Ulisses , L. Neto Fernando Buarque de
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes the application of surrogate models to improve the efficiency of Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) inference from time-series data. A Radial Basis Function (RBF) surrogate model was integrated with the Penalized mAximum LikeLihood and pArticle Swarms (PALLAS) using a Mixed Fish School Search (MFSS) algorithm to reduce the computational cost associated with evaluating the penalized log-likelihood (PLL) fitness function. Experimental results on the p53-MDM2 negative-feedback loop GRN dataset demonstrate that the surrogate-assisted approach significantly reduced fitness function calls by 50% and 89% while maintaining the quality of the PLL metric, with this showing the potential of surrogate models to accelerate GRN inference.
Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGES) Induced Complications in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Acharya Sagar , Bhattacharyya Sanchari
Published: January 2025

The buildup of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the diet is a significant factor that contributes to the worsening of problems linked with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). This chapter explores the role of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) complications. AGEs are produced during food cooking and processing, leading to the accumulation of AGEs in the body. These AGEs exacerbate oxidative stress and inflammation by interacting with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), activating pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signalling pathways. AGEs contribute to microvascular and macrovascular issues in T1D, affecting renal, cardiovascular, and retinal disorders. They cause structural and functional changes in tissues, leading to glomerular damage, endothelial dysfunction, and brain injury. Persistent oxidative stress and inflammation increase insulin resistance and compromise glycemic control. The chapter emphasises the importance of dietary measures to reduce AGE consumption, the negative effects on health, and therapeutic approaches targeting AGE synthesis and RAGE signalling to ameliorate type 1 diabetes mellitus-associated complications.
Quality of Service Challenges in Hybrid IP/Software-Defined Networks
Authors: Mehraban Samiullah , K. Yadav Rajesh
Published: January 2025

In recent decades, there has been a tremendous growth in the network traffic volume, which causes substantial challenges for effective traffic management. Traffic engineering (TE) is an efficient strategy for minimizing network congestion and improving network performance. In today’s network, supporting end-to-end quality of service is an ongoing problem in the existing network infrastructures. Software-defined networking (SDN) designs were introduced to solve these challenges by separating the control and data layers. However, migrating directly to a full SDN is challenging, and the optimal option is to migrate incrementally to a hybrid SDN where conventional network devices coexist with the SDN nodes to take the benefits of both networks. This study investigates challenges with hybrid SDN traffic engineering and quality of service. Quality of Service (QoS) in a hybrid SDN is defined by network parameters such as jitter, latency, loss, bandwidth, and network link utilization, measured using industry standards and procedures. We can witness considerable gains in overall network performance and user experience by implementing advanced QoS regulations in the hybrid environment. Using machine learning techniques for adaptive QoS and traffic prediction can increase the network’s ability to deal with diverse and unpredictable traffic patterns.
Nutritional Approach in Critically Ill Obese Patients
Authors: Georgina Díaz-Meneses Noemí , Aquiles Hidalgo-Acosta Javier , Jackeline Mero-Chávez Eva , Asunción Gómez-Alcívar Mirelly , Rebeca Viteri-Gómez Giomar , Annabelle Cabadiana-Cevallos Mercedes , Elvira Gutiérrez-Vítores Luz , Concepción Vera-Macías Leonor , María Vera-Plaza Esther , Piedad Morán-Ayala Mónica , David Chávez-Flores Héctor
Published: January 2025

The term “critically ill obese patients” refers specifically to patients suffering from obesity, a condition that complicates treatment and follow-up in the intensive care unit (ICU), referring to a body mass index (BMI) of >30 kg/m2. This is the result of a mixture of genetic, environmental, psychological and lifestyle factors associated with adverse events. The role of obesity in intensive care and its effects on mortality are variable, and it is important to recognize that obese patients are more susceptible to acute lung injury, respiratory distress, and cardiac and cerebrovascular pathologies. Nutritional evaluation is of vital importance in obese patients to reduce the risk of complications. It is recommended that it is to administer 70% of the energy requirements to patients with obesity in ICU. The objective of nutrition is to achieve progressively in the first 48–72 h to avoid overnutrition, and they propose to use between 11 and 14 kcal/kg of real body weight/day for a BMI of 30 to 50 kg/m2, 22–25 kcal/kg ideal weight/day for a BMI > 50 kg/m2.
Development of a Game Theoretical Bankruptcy Methods for Shared Water Resource Allocation
Authors: Javidi Sabbaghian Reza , Ali Tolouei Virani Mohammad
Published: January 2025

The study explores the application of bankruptcy theory within the framework of cooperative game theory to address conflicts over shared water resources. It emphasizes the advantage of game theory, particularly bankruptcy methods, over traditional optimization techniques for resolving these complex disputes. The study focusses on the usage of bankruptcy methods in situations where water resources are bankrupt and must be shared among multiple beneficiaries, highlighting its effectiveness in achieving equitable outcomes. The study examines several bankruptcy methods, including proportional (PRO), adjusted proportional (AP), constrained equal awards (CEA), constrained equal losses (CEL), Talmud (TAL), Piniles (P), modified constrained equal losses (MCEL), and groundwater-based (GW) methods. Through case studies in regions such as Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America, the research shows the practical application of these methods in fostering long-term cooperation and reducing water stresses. The study concludes that adopting game theoretical bankruptcy methods can lead to more equitable water allocation strategies among multiple stakeholders.
Utilizing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in Clinical Diagnostics
Authors: Keyfi Fatemeh , Alaei Amin , Mirahmadi Daryasari Hadiseh , Hakimi Ali , Gharavi Pouya
Published: January 2025

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) stands as a robust analytical technique with extensive applications in clinical diagnostics. Its versatility enables the precise separation, identification, and quantification of complex mixtures in biological samples. We propose integrating HPLC into clinical diagnostic procedures to enhance the accuracy, sensitivity, and efficiency of disease detection and monitoring. By leveraging HPLC’s capabilities, we aim to streamline the analysis of biomarkers, drugs, metabolites, and toxins in various bodily fluids, facilitating rapid and reliable diagnosis of diseases ranging from metabolic disorders to cancers. Moreover, HPLC’s ability to analyze multiple analytes simultaneously can expedite patient assessment and treatment decision-making processes. This chapter advocates for strategically incorporating HPLC technology into clinical diagnostic protocols, ensuring improved patient outcomes through enhanced diagnostic precision and efficiency.
The Impact of Resistance Training on Mental Health: Neuropsychological and Behavioral Functioning
Authors: Hattabi Soukaina , Fadhlaoui Hassen , Hammami Nadhir , Miguel Forte Pedro , Sortwell Andrew , Branquinho Luís
Published: January 2025

Exercise has long been thought to improve overall cognitive and brain health, and it may protect against dementia by increasing blood flow to the brain. Prospective cohort studies support the idea that starting physical activity as a young adult and continuing throughout life is connected with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. While the presence of a link between physical fitness and overall cognitive health has long been known, only in recent years has research begun to study the role of physical fitness on memory performance. This research focused on the effects of aerobic training on cognition because it has been demonstrated to affect brain plasticity and structure while also improving brain structure. For example, one study found that the presence of a gene linked to brain-derived neurotrophic factors affected learning and individual differences in recognition memory. Thus, the issue remains: would strength training result in neurobiological gains and training effects? Can we discover measurable brain and cognition markers that distinguish between older persons who benefit significantly from resistance training (RT) and those who benefit little or none?
Post-Process Treatments for Additive Manufactured Titanium Alloys
Authors: Deng Hao , Liu Wenhao , Zhou Lvjun , Cao Sheng , Chen Longqing
Published: January 2025

This chapter summarized the influences of post-process treatments on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of titanium (Ti) alloys prepared by powder bed additive manufacturing fabrication (AM) including laser powder bed melting (L-PBF) and electron beam powder bed melting (EB-PBF) technologies. Described post-process treatments included stress-relieving, annealing, α + β solution treating and aging, β solution treating and aging, and hot isostatic pressing. The effects of post-process treatment parameters such as temperature, time, cooling rates and pressure on stress relief, phase transformation, precipitation, and defect mitigation were discussed. Furthermore, the influences of microstructure characteristics on mechanical properties of tensile, fatigue, and fracture toughness were described. This chapter provided post-process guidelines for customizing microstructure, optimizing the performance, and enhancing reliability of AM titanium components.
Optimizing Anesthesia: Challenges and Solutions in Bariatric Procedures
Authors: Buluç Halil
Published: January 2025

One of the most pressing issues arising from modern urban life is the excessive caloric intake leading to obesity. Metabolic surgical interventions offer a rapid solution to this global crisis. Although our experience with sleeve gastrectomy and other surgical procedures grows daily, consensus has yet to be achieved on key aspects such as ventilation strategies and the use of recruitment maneuvers. Techniques like abdominal plane blocks and opioid-free anesthesia and analgesia are increasingly employed, yet each approach carries its own advantages and limitations. Given the multifaceted nature of obesity, encompassing unique pathophysiology, pharmacodynamics, and perioperative considerations, it is clear that a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach is essential for effective management.
Investigation of WDM-EPON Integrated with Optical Wireless Channel for 5G Optical Communication
Authors: Haile Abera
Published: January 2025

With the advancement in communication systems, there is a need for large bandwidth to send more data at a higher speed. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is important due to its efficiency, higher bandwidth, low-cost passive connection, and reduced complexity of deployment and maintenance of the network. The implementation of radio over fiber in wireless communication achieved a high data rate and high capacity due to the utilization of high-capacity optical fiber and the flexibility of wireless networks. Optical wireless channel (OWC) is the technique in free-space optical communication, which is a high-speed and large-capacity type of communication system. It uses infrared light to convey message from transmitter to receiver. OWC is the solution to the last mile problem, mainly in overpopulated urban areas. This paper demonstrated the integration of OWC and WDM-EPON technology that makes the system more advanced and cost-effective, with high BW and high data rate. The results analysis is based on bit error rate (BER), quality factor (Q Factor), and eye pattern. The system has been analyzed using different power source values, different lengths, and different operating wavelengths. The results for OWC have shown that 2.5 Gbps is better than 5 and 10 Gbps.
Navigating Data Governance: A Critical Analysis of European Regulatory Framework for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Bhouri Habiba
Published: January 2025

The European regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) underscores the pivotal role of data governance. This abstract delves into the multifaceted aspects of data governance within the European framework. Emphasizing transparency, accountability, and fairness the regulation establishes guidelines for AI systems reliant on data. Striking a delicate balance between innovation and protection of fundamental rights, it navigates challenges posed by vast datasets. The abstract explores how the regulatory landscape acknowledges the dynamic nature of AI technologies, requiring adaptive data governance structures. As Europe shapes the future of AI, the interplay between effective data governance and ethical considerations emerges as a linchpin, influencing the trajectory of technological advancements while safeguarding individuals and societal values.
Perception of Sexual Harassment in the Sports Industry: A Case of Czech University Students
Authors: Kaprálková Michaela , Večlová Barbora , Krause Veronika
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to analyze and describe the perception of sexual harassment in the environment of organized sport in the Czech Republic from the perspective of Czech University students with sport experience. Sexual harassment, while a growing area of social concern and policy, has largely gone unaddressed in Czech sport. This study emphasizes the need for the management of sport organizations and the government itself to understand this issue, and create policies so that sport can be more inclusive and safe to all demographics. A focus group was used to assess opinions and perception of the topic of sexual harassment in the Czech environment of organized sport. The focus group clarified and narrowed terms used in quantitative survey. 205 relevant responses (242 total) were obtained from students with organized sport experience in the Czech sports industry. Results were analyzed and disseminated to create policy proposals for sport organizations and other governing bodies with sports focus. The findings indicate that among the cohort of students enrolled in various Czech Universities, instances of sexual harassment within the framework of organized sports are frequent and recurrent. Typically, the perpetrator is identified as a male athlete or coach, with the victim being a female athlete. Different forms of harassment, including verbal and non-verbal manifestations are prevalent. The psychological repercussions on victims are notable, often leading to adverse outcomes such as the cessation or alteration of their involvement in sports activities. Furthermore, the research underscores deficiencies in communication practices within the management of certain sports organizations regarding this issue. Overall, these findings underscore the significance and breadth of the matter, emphasizing the social responsibility incumbent upon sports organizations and other governing bodies in the administration of such institutions moving forward.
Seladelpar (Livdelzi) for Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: January 2025

Seladelpar (Livdelzi – Gilead), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-delta agonist, has received accelerated approval from the FDA for use in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol, UDCA; Urso Forte, and generics) for treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in adults who had an inadequate response to UDCA and as monotherapy in those unable to tolerate UDCA. Accelerated approval was based on a reduction in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Seladelpar is the second PPAR agonist to be approved in the US for this indication; elafibranor (Iqirvo) received accelerated FDA approval in 2024.
Cross-Cultural Online Education: Benefits, Challenges, and Solutions
Authors: Mohiyeddini Changiz
Published: January 2025

The objective of this article is to explore the benefits and challenges of cross-cultural online education and propose solutions to promote inclusivity and equity in a globalized educational context. Pervasive forms of cross-cultural dynamics are prevalent within our globalized and digitalized educational systems. It is within this global context that contemporary educational systems operate and seek success. By removing geographical and economic barriers, online education has transformed higher education, enabling students from diverse backgrounds to access previously inaccessible programs. This democratization of education promotes educational equity. It increases the chances for students from various socioeconomic backgrounds to access high- quality education and enroll in courses globally without relocating. However, cultural diversity presents challenges for establishing inclusive and equitable cross-cultural online education. As the first paper to specifically discuss cross-cultural dynamics in online education, this work highlights these challenges and offers solutions to ensure that cross-cultural online education remains inclusive and equitable
Knowledge and Attitude towards Computer-Aided Learning among Nursing, Pharmacy and Physiotherapy Students
Authors:   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Krupanidhi College of Nursing, Bengaluru, 560035, Karnataka, India, Akriti Gurung , S Saranya
Published: January 2025

Background: High-quality medical treatment is made possible by the development of computer-aided learning. It also makes things simpler for students to learn using both technology and course materials. Objective: To estimate the knowledge and attitudes regarding the CAL among Nursing, Pharmacy and Physiotherapy students. Materials and Methods: A descriptive correlation design was used, and 334 samples were chosen using purposive sampling. The study was conducted among UG and PG nursing, pharmacy, and physiotherapy students in the Krupanidhi Group of Institutions. The data was collected with the help of baseline data, self-administered questionnaires, and an attitude scale. Result: The description of subjects showed that 60% (201) of subjects were in the age group 18-20 years; 63.2% (211) were female, and 64.1% (214) of the subjects were from the Nursing, Pharmacy and Physiotherapy departments. Most subjects, 56.9% (190), needed prior knowledge of computer-aided learning. In most subjects, 63.2% (211) had adequate knowledge; 58% (195) of subjects had positive attitudes towards computer-aided learning. The Karl Pearson test was applied to investigate the correlation between knowledge and attitude, and the results indicate a significant positive correlation between both variables (r=.198, p=0.001). In order to assess the association between the demographic variables as well as knowledge, the chi-square test was applied. Concerning demographic information, including age and prior knowledge, the range of expertise among students studying nursing, pharmacy and physiotherapy was statistically significant at 5% (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nursing, pharmacy, and physiotherapy students had sufficient computer knowledge and supported the inclusion of computer-aided learning in their education. This study emphasises that computer-aided learning is valuable for allied health science students. Its incorporation in the education curriculum can enhance knowledge acquisition, foster a positive attitude, and ultimately contribute to developing highly skilled professionals.

Keywords: Computer-aided learning, Allied health science, Knowledge, Attitude
Social Construction of Coastal Communities in Mangrove Conservation in Karangjaladri Village
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Gutama Arie Surya , Nuriyah Eva ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Taryana Agus ,   Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: January 2025

Karangjaladri Village is located on the coast of Pangandaran, West Java, and has a mangrove ecosystem that plays a very important role in people’s lives. Local perspectives play a critical role in mangrove conservation efforts, as knowledge, local wisdom and cultural values shape approaches to mangrove forest management. Local traditions and values play an important role in ensuring that conservation activities are aligned with a people's cultural identity. This article aims to describe the social construction of coastal societies, especially in Karangjaladri Village, which plays a role in mangrove conservation efforts based on traditions, local wisdom, and cultural values. This local perspective creates a collective consciousness that leads the people to maintain the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem. This research can provide an understanding of the social construction of coastal societies in Karangjaladri Village by covering aspects of tradition and local knowledge in sustainable natural resource management. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques, namely interviews, observations and literature studies. Data analysis techniques are carried out by collecting data, classifying data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the social construction of the people in Karangjaladri Village in mangrove conservation efforts can be reviewed through three stages, namely externalization, objectivation, and internalization. At the externalization stage, the society showed commitment to mangrove conservation by actively participating in planting and maintenance activities. Furthermore, at the objectivation stage, the establishment of the Mangrove Seed Bank was carried out as an effort to provide access to quality seeds for the community. At the internalization stage, mangrove conservation values have become part of the people's social identity and daily life, while mangrove-based ecotourism programs provide economic benefits that encourage sustainable society involvement.
Penetration Strategies and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Benue State
Authors:   Department of General Studies, Akperan Orshi Polytechnic, Yandev-Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria, Igba Shitindi Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of market penetration strategies on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Benue State. Anchored on the Resource Based Theory, the study has a sample of 361 SMEs owners/managers purposively sampled from a population of 3740 using Taro Yamene’s formula. Multiple regression statistical tools are used in analyzing data while the standard error is used in testing the three hypotheses or objectives of the study. The result of analysis and test is expected to should that market penetration strategies have significant effect on the performance of SMEs in Benue State with its proxies as market segmentation, product packaging and sales promotion. The submission of the study is that market segmentation, product packaging and sales promotion which are the various dimensions of market penetration strategies collectively increase the performance of SMEs in Benue State. It is thus, significant for the owners and managers of SMEs to always be conscious of the business environment to be proactive in creating market segments, uniquely packaging products and adopting advanced sales promotion methods that will always give them competitive advantage and enhance firm’s performance.
Enhancing SMES Export Performance through Research Management for Sustainable Development in Pakistan: A Re-Structuring Approach
Authors: Raza Ullah Shah  , Dr. Kausar Abbas
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the enhancement capacity of SMEs to exports by utilizing the research management for sustainable development. How restricting the traditionaries activities of research and development with research management for sustainable development can enhance their market share in the International markets. Qualitative research approach has been used by collecting the data through in-depth interview conducted by 30 Professionals working in different SMEs of Pakistan which were selected through purposive sampling method. The Data was analyzed through thematic analysis.  This study concludes that SMEs can enhance their exports by restricting the traditional approach of research and development with the research management for sustainable development. The findings of this study enrich the conceptual advances in SMEs development, sustainable development, and research management literature streams. There are policy implications and managerial implications as well as theoretical implications for scholars who are interested in the extant literature of exporting SMEs and sustainable development goals. From this paper, one gets a cross-disciplinary view of how research management affects SMEs exports and sustainable development, which is a benefit of cross-disciplinary work.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Delusional Disorder: A Single-Case Study Investigation
Authors: Ayesha Ahmad  , Imran Ashraf Malik  , Samar Bakhtawar  , Amna Abdul Ghafoor  , Javeria Mirza
Published: January 2025

This case study examines the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) to address Delusional Disorder in adults, with non-bizarre delusions. Informal assessment was done through clinical interview, mental status examination and the tools used for formal assessment encompassed the Peter Delusion Inventory PDI (Peters et al., 2004), Beck Depression Inventory BDI II (Beck et al., 1996), Beck Anxiety Inventory BAI (Beck et al., 1996) and the Global Assessment Functioning scale GAF (Pedersen & Karterud, 2012). Over 12 weekly sessions using customized cognitive behavioral therapy methods, like cognitive restructuring, emotional regulation, coping skills and providing psychoeducation about mental health issues were conducted to help lessen distress from delusions and to enhance understanding while improving daily life skills. The therapy focused on therapeutic alliance and addressing delusional beliefs in a manner without being confrontational. Post-treatment assessment indicated that there was a decrease in the intensity of delusions and distress along with interpersonal connections and overall functioning. The noticeable difference in the client’s scores before and after treatment was evident following the treatment sessions (PDI; 80 to 48) (BD1; 24 to 15) and (BA1; 23 to 13). These results underscore the success of CBT as a method for addressing delusional disorder and support the need for research into its practicality.
Examining the Demographic Correlates of Physical Endurance for Joining Law Enforcement Agencies among Aspiring Youth of Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Haroon-ur-Rashid  , Imran Ashraf Malik  , Raja Zeeshan Sarmad
Published: January 2025

Law enforcement agencies (LEAs) need a pool of applicants that can be hired for a rigorous training regime followed by life risk deployments that have physical challenges. Physical endurance has paramount importance in the job of law enforcement agent. To achieve this objective there are physical screening tests that have been adopted in the recruitment process to select the best fit for department. This study aimed to explore and find out what are the key Demographic factors that play significant role in building physical strength of those who passed the physical endurance task during recruitment. A purposive sample technique was used to collect data from 200 candidates who applied for LEA jobs. 100 candidates were able to pass the physical screening tests, and the rest of the samples have failed. Cross sectional survey research design was used. Results of independent sample t test showed that intelligence quotient, birth order, game preferences, hobbies, geographical background of passing candidates was different from those who failed. Whereas socioeconomic status does not account for difference between pass and fail candidates. This study has significance for future research and refining recruitment process for law enforcement agencies.
The Interplay of Influencer Marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth to Effect Consumer Purchase Decision
Authors: Muhammad Ismail  , Shiraz Khan  , Abid Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Using opinion leadership theory and social influence theory as theoretical basis, this study investigates the role of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) on consumer purchase decision with influencer marketing as a moderator. Data is collected through structured questionnaire from 340 consumers of food sector of Kohat City of KP, Pakistan using convenient sampling. PLS-SEM path modeling is used to perform statistical investigation of the hypotheses. The statistical analysis indicates a positive and obvious relationship between eWOM and consumer purchase decisions. Since the information reviews and recommendation of the people online gives the clue to consumers, eWOM has a meaningful influence on consumer purchase decision. Moreover, statically it is observed that influencer marketing enhances (moderate) the link amid purchase decision and eWOM. So, if the recommendations and reviews provided to consumers are from individuals who consumer is following and who consumer holds in trust, enhances the likelihood of positive consumer purchase decision. It is implied that the effects of electronic word of mouth on purchase decision are significantly strengthened by the presence of influencers who act as opinion leaders. While these findings contribute to prior knowledge, it also has practical and managerial insinuations. The enquiry offers marketing procedures for this sort of digital word of mouth that leverage influencers to magnify the influence of eWOM on consumer decision of purchase.
ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРЕМА «ДАЛА» В КОНТЕКСТЕ КАЗАХСКОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ
Authors: Сидорович З.З. , Бейсембаев А.Р. , Бахралинова А.Ж.
Published: January 2025

Научная статья посвящена изучению понятия «дала» как ключевого элемента казахской идентичности.
Цель статьи - проанализировать значимость лингвокультуремы «дала» в казахской культуре и языке, а также выявить её роль в формировании национальной идентичности казахов.
В работе использован комплексный подход к изучению понятия «дала»: лингвистический, этнографический и культурологический, с помощью которых раскрывается национальная идентичность казахов. Источниками исследования послужили казахские тексты: фольклор, поэзия, пословицы и поговорки, где понятие «дала» играет центральную роль.
Лингвокультурема «дала» отражает ключевые ценности казахского народа, такие как свобода, гостеприимство, стойкость и гармония с природой. Исследование этого понятия помогает глубже понять, как в языке отражаются важнейшие культурные смыслы, формирующие национальное самосознание.
Таким образом, степь в казахской культуре является многозначным феноменом: это символ борьбы за свободу, центр казахской нации, духовное пространство, символ культурного возрождения и исторической памяти, хранительница духовного наследия, что позволяет считать ее ключевым элементом казахской идентичности.
«ЖАСАУЫЛ ҚЫРҒЫНЫ» ДАСТАНЫНЫҢ НҰСҚАЛАРЫ: ТАРИХИЛЫҒЫ ЖӘНЕ КЕЙІПКЕРЛЕР ӘЛЕМІ
Authors: Бисенбаев П.Қ. , Тілеубаев С.Б. , Ибрагим А.М.
Published: January 2025

Тарихи-фольклорлық үлгілерде XIX ғасырдың орта шенінде орын алған Жасауыл қырғыны оқиғасының әртүрлі нұсқалары сақталған. Мақалада ел ішіне кең тараған сондай жыр-әңгімелер негізінде жазылған Нұрхан Ахметбековтің «Жасауыл қырғыны» дастанының нұсқаларына тән ерекшеліктер жайы сөз болады. Нақтылай түссек, бір автордың қаламынан туғанымен, екі бөлек уақытта жазылған қос нұсқаның сюжеттік желісінде, кейіпкерлер әлемінде, тартыс сипатында, көркемдік кестесінде, тарихи шындыққа қатысы мен идеялық мазмұнында кездесетін айырмашылықтардың түпкі себебі ашылады. Шағын зерттеуде баспа бетін көрмеген сирек қолжазбалар мен әлі ғылыми айналымға түсе қоймаған тың деректер мол кездеседі. Мәселен, «Байтабын қызының жоқтауы», Қ.Қараевтың «Топжарған», О.Шипиннің «Жеті батырдың тарихы» сияқты мұрағаттарда сақталған мұралар – оқырман қауымға беймәлім дүниелер. Сонымен бірге өткен ғасырдың 50-жылдарынан бері қарай Кенесары-Наурызбай туралы тарихи-фольклорлық үлгілерді жинап, зерттеуге тыйым салынған кезде «Жасауыл қырғыны» дастанының хан Кененің «қылмысын» әшкерелейтін шығарма ретінде кеңестік идеология құралына айналғаны да авторлар назарынан тыс қалмайды. Мақалада ел басынан өткен күрделі кезеңнің сипаты мен саяси қақтығыстар сыры да айқындалады.
І.ЕСЕНБЕРЛИННІҢ «КӨШПЕНДІЛЕР» ТРИЛОГИЯСЫНДАҒЫ ҰЛЫ ЖІБЕК ЖОЛЫНА ҚАТЫСТЫ ЖЕР-СУ АТАУЛАРЫ
Authors: Картаева А.М. , Кусманова К.А. , Молгаждаров К.К. , Спатай А.О.
Published: January 2025

Мақалада Ілияс Есенберлиннің «Көшпенділер» трилогиясында кездесетін Ұлы Жібек жолы бойындағы жер-су атауларының қолданылуын қарастырады. Ұлы Жібек жолының адамзат өркениеті мен тарихындағы маңызы, сондай-ақ сауда мәдениетіндегі қызметі айтылады. Қазақ халқының тарихи шежіресін кең құлашта суреттеген көрнекті жазушы І.Есенберлиннің «Көшпенділер» трилогиясын талдауға басты назар аударады. Трилогияның қазақ прозасындағы орны, қозғалатын тақырыбы, идеясы, сюжет желісі, образдар жүйесі сөз болады. Бұл шығарма қазақ халқының бес жүз жылдық тарихын жаңғыртуға және тарихымыздың белгілі тұлғаларының бейнесін жасаған тарихи энциклопедия екені дәйектеледі. «Көшпенділер» трилогиясындағы Ұлы Жібек жолына қатысты топонимдерді тауып, жазушының шығармада жер-су атауларын қолданудағы тарихи көркемдік шеберлігі сараланады. Ел мен жердің тарихынан мәлімет беретін жер-су атаулары «Көшпенділер» трилогиясында көп кездесетінін анықтап,  олардың шығармада маңызды қызмет атқаратыны дәлелденеді. Ұлы Жібек жолы бойындағы жер-су атаулары шығармада табиғат көріністерін, ел-жер тарихын, кейіпкерлер характерлерін бейнелеу кезінде қолданылатыны анықталып, жазушының көркемдік шеберлігіне талдаулар жасалады. Шығармада өзендер, көлдер, таулар ежелден келе жатқан тарихи атаулармен аталатыны көрсетіледі. Жібек жолы бойындағы жер-су атаулары «Көшпенділер» трилогиясында көрініс тауып, тарихи шындықпен көркемдік тұрғыдан шебер бейнеленгенін тұжырымдайды. «Көшпенділер» трилогиясында кездесетін Жібек жолы бойындағы топонимикалық атаулар шығармада маңызды қызмет атқарады.
Хандардың, билердің, ру басыларының атқаратын лауазымдарын айқындап, олардың  сол мекендегі орнын көрсетеді. Ел мен жердің тарихынан мәлімет беретін жер-су атаулары «Көшпенділер» трилогиясында көптеп кездеседі. Соның ішінде мақаланың зерттеу нысаны  ретінде алынып отырған Жібек жолы бойындағы жер-су атаулары трилогияда молынан ұшырасады.Мақалада толыққанды талдау беріледі.
Қытайдан бастау алған сауда жолы Орталық Азия арқылы бүкіл Еуропаға тарағаны белгілі. Хан патшалығы кезінде өркендей бастаған Жібек жолы бұдан 3-4 мың жылдай бұрын Қытайдың Орталық Азия халықтарымен достық қарым-қатынасты нығайту үшін салған жолы екені айтылады.
The Study of Children's Literature: Internalization of Cultural Values and Exploration of Social Issues
Authors: Rahmina Michelia , Sulissusiawan Ahadi , Wartiningsih Agus
Published: January 2025

This research aims to present an in-depth study of the role of children's literature as a medium for internalizing cultural values and exploring social issues. The aspects discussed in this research are obtained from library research on related research, then presented with descriptive analytical methods. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that children's literature with the mission of dulce et utile (entertaining and useful) plays an important role in the practice of character education, introducing cultural values, and sharpening sensitivity to social issues. The interaction between children and children's literature usually requires the role of adults as facilitators of literary works, especially in the pre-literacy phase which does not allow children to read literacy symbols independently. The practical implications that need to be considered by parents and teachers relate to four major classifications, namely considering the relevance of the work to the child's condition; adjusting the formulation of language content to the language skills of children/learners; using illustrations/intonation in the delivery of literary works (especially for children/learners who are not yet able to read independently); and providing direct assistance when children/learners interact with literary works. The mission of literature as an evocator of human consciousness (especially children, in this context) requires collaboration from various parties. Parents, educators, children's literature writers, and even the government as policy makers need to play an active role and realize the urgency of implementing children's literature in their learning.
Analisis Sistem Pengendalian Internal Piutang pada PT ABC
Authors: Afifah Muhimah , Handayani Anita
Published: January 2025

Sistem pembayaran yang digunakan PT ABC keseluruhan dilakukan secara kredit setelah pekerjaan yang dilakukan tenaga kerja selesai dilakukan (Sales Purchase Order). Penjualan kredit tersebut menjadi faktor keterlambatan pembayaran piutang dikarenakan overbudget dari pihak vendor. Masalah ini terjadi karena sistem pengendalian piutang yang kurang efektif dalam PT ABC. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan dalam pengendalian internal piutang serta dampak keterlambatan pembayaran terhadap arus kas dan operasional perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, yang memungkinkan analisis mendalam terhadap kebijakan manajemen dan prosedur yang diterapkan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT ABC belum menerapkan sistem pengendalian internal piutang yang baik, terbukti dengan sistem operasional yang digunakan dalam PT ABC belum sepenuhnya dilakukan secara otomatis dan masih menggunakan metode manual. Hal tersebut yang memperlambat verifikasi pembayaran tagihan dari pihak vendor. Adanya dampak eksternal overbudgeting dari pihak vendor juga membuat keterlambatan pembayaran, terbukti pada bulan Mei, Juni, Juli dimana penjualan kredit menurun akibat menurunnya permintaan tenaga kerja pada PT ABC dan pembayaran terlambat akibat sepinya permintaan dari vendor. Sehingga pembayaran dilakukan setelah kondisi keuangan vendor stabil
Nutrie říční v zemědělské krajině: metody monitoringu a první výsledky z ČR
Authors: Cukor Jan , Skoták Vlastimil , Ševčík Richard , Jarkovský František , Brichta Jakub , Mikulka Ondřej , Ježek Miloš
Published: January 2025

Invasive mammalian species, which can pose a significant threat to biodiversity and ecosystem stability, are one of the most problematic threats for the protection worldwide. In the Czech Republic, nutria (Myocastor coypus) is one of the most problematic due to localized damage to agricultural crops and negative impact to riparian ecosystem vegetation. At present, however, there is no methodology available to systematically monitor nutria population density, distribution and new habitat colonization. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a methodology for the accurate determination of nutria abundance that should allow the identification of risk areas and more effective control of agricultural damage. The proposed pilot methodology is based on a combination of direct counting using thermal cameras, indirect verification of residence signs and activity assessment by camera traps. Results from selected locality of interest in Central Bohemia and a control site indicated high nutria abundance, with highest mean abundance recorded along rivers (22.14 ind./km; 95% CI: 0–44.78) and streams (11.90 ind./km; 95% CI: 3.09–20.71), with lower abundance around other water bodies (6.24 ind./km; 95% CI: 0–16.53) and drainage canals (4.64 ind./km; 95% CI: 0.68–8.60).
Top 10 Tallest Wild Animals
Authors: Frey Erzsebet
Published: January 2025

Top 10 Tallest Wild Animals When we think about the wild and its inhabitants, size often comes to mind as one of the most wondrous aspects. The sheer height of some of these incredible creatures can be mind-boggling. Let’s delve into the fascinating world of the tallest wild animals. Giraffe – Giraffes are the tallest land animals, with males reaching heights of up to 18 feet.