bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestures, grunts, and words: Development in a dynamic system
Authors: McCune Lorraine , Lennon Elizabeth M. , Greenwood Anne
Published: November 2020

Pointing has long been considered influential in language acquisition. Certain pre-linguistic vocal expressions may hold even greater value in addressing the transition to language. The goal of the present study is longitudinal evaluation of early communicative development, addressing the influence of pre-linguistic gestures and vocal expressions. This multiple case study report analyzes longitudinal development in five children from 9 to 16 months of age, a critical language transition period. We include gestures of pointing and extending the hand, with interactive as well as request functions. Gestures, communicative grunts, words, and multimodal events combining gesture with vocal accompaniment comprise the data. Results demonstrate group trends and stark individual differences in children’s use of vocal and gestural modalities, and the influence of grunt communication onset on overall communicative frequency in single and combined communicative events. We imbed this analysis within the broader context of mutually interacting variables in a dynamic system. These results argue for greater attention to vocalization as well as gesture in monitoring children’s approach to language development. Based on the role of communicative grunts demonstrated here, this variable should be further studied in both typical and language-delayed children.
The Rich Young Man and the Boundary of Distributive Justice: An Economics Reading of Matthew 20:1–16
Authors: Takagi Shinji
Published: November 2020

This article proposes a novel way of resolving many of the challenges posed by traditional interpretations of the Matthean parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard (20:1–16) through a lens of economics. It argues that most interpretational challenges go away if we interpret the parable, not eschatologically or allegorically, but as a gloss on Jesus’s injunction to the rich young man to sell his possessions and give the money to the poor (Matt 19:21). The article then offers an interpretation of the equal wage paid to all laborers that requires neither eschatology nor radical communalism by considering a set of conditions that must be satisfied by the boundary of distributive justice.
Jesus as Moral-Kingmaker: Gatekeeper for a Co-Owned Dual Kingdom
Authors: Moser Paul K.
Published: November 2020

If we know anything about Jesus of Nazareth, we know that he had a message about the “kingdom of God.” The synoptic Gospels confirm this, if they confirm anything. A challenge arises, however, in our identifying what Jesus thought of the arrival of this kingdom, especially regarding its timing and its role for divine judgment, and what he considered its intended impact on a person’s experience, beyond talk about it. If the kingdom in question is just talk, with no intended impact on human experience, it will lack (a) needed supporting evidence (for its reality) and (b) motivational power (for its being compelling). This article examines (a) and (b) in order to arrive at Jesus’s core understanding of the kingdom of God. It contends that Jesus presented a dual, two-phased kingdom, with the first phase anchored in a distinctive human experience, but that this dual status prompted widespread misunderstanding among his audience. The article identifies a neglected self-understanding of Jesus as a moral-kingmaker and gate-keeper for God who portrays divine judgment as postponed for the sake of God’s redemptive reign.
Positive Margins in Cutaneous Melanoma of the Head and Neck: Implications for Timing of Reconstruction
Authors: Namin Arya W. , Welby Lauren , Baker Austin T. , Dooley Laura M.
Published: November 2020

Objective

The aim of this study is to identify clinicopathologic features associated with positive margins after surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck (CMHN).

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

National Cancer Database.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database was performed of patients diagnosed with CMHN between 2004 and 2016. Univariate and multivariate analyses examining the association of clinicopathologic features with positive margins were performed via logistic regression analysis.

Results

A total of 101,560 patients met inclusion criteria. The incidence of positive margins was 5.0% (5128/101,560). Patients were significantly more likely to have positive margins with the following: increasing age (P <. 001; odds ratio [OR], 1.028; 95% CI, 1.026‐1.031), the lip subsite (P <. 001; OR, 1.664; 95% CI, 1.286‐2.154), the eyelid subsite (P <. 001; OR, 2.380; 95% CI, 1.996‐2.838), the face subsite (P <. 001; OR, 1.215; 95% CI, 1.133‐1.302), the lentigo maligna/lentigo maligna melanoma subtype (P =. 019; OR, 1.099; 95% CI, 1.016‐1.188), the desmoplastic subtype (P <. 001; OR, 1.455; 95% CI, 1.261‐1.680), the spindle cell subtype (P =. 006; OR, 1.276; 95% CI, 1.073‐1.516), and advanced pT classification. Patients with male sex (P <. 001; OR, 0.733; 95% CI, 0.687‐0.782) and without ulceration (P <. 001; OR, 0.803; 95% CI, 0.736‐0.876) were significantly less likely to have positive margins.

Conclusion

The following have been identified as clinicopathologic features associated with positive margins after surgical treatment of CMHN: increasing age, female sex, the lip subsite, the eyelid subsite, the face subsite, ulceration, the lentigo maligna/lentigo maligna melanoma subtype, the desmoplastic subtype, the spindle cell subtype, and increasing pT classification.
Dissociation, Stressors, and Coping in Patients of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
Authors: Sawant Neena S , Umate Maithili S
Published: November 2020

Background:

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) commonly present both to neurologists and psychiatrists and include a wide range of psychopathology. In order to understand the demographics, dissociative experiences, stressful life events, abuse, and coping in these patients, this study was undertaken.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional, observational study. A total of 71 patients of PNES, referred from neurology, were assessed on Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), Scale For Trauma and Abuse, Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLES), and Ways of Coping Questionnaire to ascertain the dissociative experiences; the prevalence of trauma, abuse, and stressful life events, and the coping mechanisms.

Results:

Females predominated, with the duration of PNES up to 2 years. The mean ± SD total DES score was 38.14 ± 14.1, indicating high dissociation. On the PSLES, for the stressful life events in the last one year, the mean score was 98.28 ± 87.1. Marital and family conflicts and death were reported more. History of childhood or adult physical and sexual abuse was less reported. History of head trauma was present in 13 patients. Emotion-focused coping was used more than problem-solving strategies.

Conclusions:

Very few Indian studies have looked into these nuances. This study has helped in improving the understanding of the various risk factors of PNES and the coping strategies, and in sensitizing psychiatrists and neurologists to enquire into trauma and abuse of these patients.
Avoiding information about one’s romantic partner
Authors: Hussain Maryam , Price Devon M. , Gesselman Amanda N. , Shepperd James A. , Howell Jennifer L.
Published: November 2020

Research links open communication and self-disclosure to a host of beneficial outcomes in romantic relationships, including better relationship quality, relationship satisfaction, feelings of closeness and commitment, and relationship longevity. However, learning some information about a partner may evoke negative consequences. In two studies, we examined the types of information people may wish to avoid learning about their past or current romantic partners (Study 1), and individual differences in avoidance of information about a current romantic partner (Study 2). Content-coding of data from Study 1 revealed that a majority (51%) of respondents wished to avoid information related to their partner’s history of sexual behavior and/or infidelity. In Study 2, participants who were older and who scored higher on measures of anxious and avoidant attachment were more likely to want to avoid information about their partner. Furthermore, replicating and extending Study 1, participants most wished to avoid information about their partners’ prior sexual behavior and/or infidelity, as well as their partners’ prejudices. We interpret our findings in terms of a threat-management framework for information avoidance, suggesting that threats to the self and relationship may influence the decision to avoid information about a romantic partner.
Peace journalism strategy for covering online political discourses in a multipolar society and the new public sphere
Authors: Auwal Ahmad Muhammad , Ersoy Metin
Published: November 2020

The relationship between political competition and social polarization has been studied extensively while overlooking the divisive rhetoric in online political discourses and how media’s coverage creates the social-psychological barriers to peace and a unified sense of national identity/unity. Adapting Galtung’s peace-journalism model through the qualitative content and news frame analyses of contenders’ tweeting activities and news coverage during Nigeria’s 2019 presidential contests, this study reveals the prevalence of othering discourses in contenders’ tweets and the attributes of conflict-escalatory coverage by Nigerian newspapers. Implementing peace-journalism strategy become essential to create shared values for improving political communication amidst the new public sphere in multipolar Nigeria.
Venous or arterial samples for activated clotting time measurements: a systematic review
Authors: Iddawela Sashini , Swamy Priti , Member Sajid , Harky Amer
Published: November 2020

Objective:

The systematic review aims to investigate the effect of sampling source on activated clotting time (ACT) measurement within cardiovascular surgery and cardiac catheterisation. It also examines the evidence surrounding novel clot assessment techniques and associated sampling variation.

Methods:

A comprehensive electronic search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane database, and Google Scholar until 20th June 2020. All studies reporting sampling source variability of ACT in cardiac surgery, vascular surgery and cardiac catheterisation were included.

Results:

Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review. Inconsistent reports of variability were seen in cardiac surgery and cardiac catheterisation. There were no studies directly examining ACT variability in vascular surgery. Novel clot assessment techniques have been validated in cardiac surgery, but measurements vary depending on sampling source.

Conclusion:

Sampling source should be kept consistent to facilitate effective haemostatic strategies. More research is needed regarding variability in vascular surgery and novel clot assessment techniques.
Higher baseline lipid levels amplify the benefit of secondary prevention therapy with statins in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Zhu Ling , Liu Ying , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhu , Zhou Liqin , Zhang Hong , Zhang Yong , Liu Fuqiang , Liu Peng , Liu Zhongwei , Wang Junkui
Published: November 2020

Objective

Statins are recommended as the first-line treatments for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The present study aimed to establish the baseline lipid levels associated with the greatest benefit from statin therapy in this population.

Methods

The study used a retrospective cohort methodology. In total, 636 patients with ACS were enrolled at Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from 2011 to 2013. Participants were divided into four groups (group 1, hyperlipidemia with inconsistent statin use; group 2, no hyperlipidemia with inconsistent statin use; group 3, no hyperlipidemia with consistent statin use; and group 4, hyperlipidemia with consistent statin use).

Results

Patients in groups 3 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29–0.82) and 4 (HR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.10–0.45) had lower risks of MACE than those in group 1. In subgroup analysis, patients in group 4 had a lower risk of MACE than those in group 3 (adjusted HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.21–0.89).

Conclusion

Sustained statin therapy is associated with a lower risk of adverse outcomes in patients with ACS, especially in those with higher baseline lipid levels.
Maternal Substance Abuse and the Later Risk of Fractures in Offspring: L’abus maternel de substances et le risque ultérieur de fractures chez les enfants
Authors: Auger Nathalie , Low Nancy , Ayoub Aimina , Lee Ga Eun , Luu Thuy Mai
Published: November 2020

Objective:

To assess the association of maternal illicit drug abuse before or during pregnancy with future fractures in offspring.

Methods:

We performed a longitudinal cohort study of 792,022 infants born in hospitals of Quebec, Canada, between 2006 and 2016, with 5,457,634 person-years of follow-up. The main exposure was maternal substance abuse before or during pregnancy, including cocaine, opioid, cannabis, and other illicit drugs. The main outcome measure was hospitalization for traumatic fracture in offspring up to 12 years of age. We used adjusted Cox regression models to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of maternal drug abuse with the subsequent risk of fracture in children.

Results:

The incidence of child fractures was higher for maternal illicit drug abuse than no drug abuse (21.2 vs. 15.4 per 10,000 person-years). Maternal drug abuse before or during pregnancy was associated with 2.35 times the risk of assault-related fractures (95% CI, 1.29 to 4.27) and 2.21 times the risk of transport accident-related fractures (95% CI, 1.34 to 3.66), compared with no drug abuse. Associations were strongest before 6 months of age for assault-related fractures (HR = 2.14; 95% CI, 0.97 to 4.72) and after 6 years for transport-related fractures (HR = 2.86; 95% CI, 1.35 to 6.05). Compared with no drug abuse, associations with assault and transport-related fractures were elevated for all drugs including cocaine, opioids, and cannabis.

Conclusions:

Maternal illicit drug abuse is associated with future child fractures due to assault and transport accidents.
Effect of Elastane Parameters on the Dimensional and Mechanical Properties of Stretchable Denim Fabrics
Authors: Qadir Muhammad Bilal , Ali Zulfiqar , Afzal Ali , Irfan Muhammad , Hussain Tanveer , Malik Mumtaz Hassan , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Shahzad Amir , Ahmad Adnan , Khaliq Zubair
Published: November 2020

Denim is one of the most popular casual apparel all over the globe due to a variety of available looks, comfort, and convenience. Comfort and performance properties of stretched denim fabrics depend on the elastane content, which can be controlled through the linear density of elastane and draft-ratio in the core of the cotton yarn. Optimization of both of linear density and draft-ratio of elastane for the better performance of denim fabric were focused upon in this study. The results indicated that the elastane content inside the core of yarn affects the dimensional and mechanical properties of denim fabrics. Regression analysis indicated that elastane linear-density and draft-ratio had an almost equal significance on contraction after washing, stretchability, stiffness, skewness, and bow of fabric. However, the elastic properties of fabric were mainly dependent on the elastane draft-ratio. This study will be an endeavor for industry personnel to achieve more durable and dimensionally stable denim fabrics.
Influence of cancellous bone material and dead zone on stress-strain, bone stimulus and bone remodelling around the tibia for total ankle replacement
Authors: Mondal Subrata , Ghosh Rajesh
Published: November 2020

Extreme bone resorption due to bone remodelling is one of the reasons for ankle component loosening. Finite element (FE) analysis has been effectively used nowadays for pre-clinical analysis of orthopaedic implants. For FE modelling, the selection of bone material and dead zone play a vital role to understand the bone remodelling. This study deals with the effects of different cancellous elastic modulus-density relationships and dead zone on bone remodelling around the tibia owing to total ankle replacement (TAR), using finite element analysis with physiological loading conditions. This study also investigated the bone stimulus distribution in the tibia to identify the initial indication of bone density changes due to bone remodelling. Additionally, the Hoffman failure criterion was used to investigate the chances of implant-bone interface failure due to different cancellous bone material modelling and bone remodelling. The present bone remodelling study consists of three different dead or lazy zones (±0.75, ±0.60 and ±0.35) to examine the influence of the dead zone on bone remodelling. Differences in stress/strain distribution were observed in the tibia bone due to different cancellous bone material modelling. Despite little variations, bone density changes due to bone remodelling were found to be almost similar for two FE models having different cancellous bone material. Similar to these results, the effect of different dead zone on bone density changes due to bone remodelling was found to be minimal. Bone stimulus distribution in the cancellous bone was found to be almost similar for FE models having different cancellous bone material modelling and different dead zones. To understand the stress/strain and interface related failure of the tibial component, cancellous bone material modelling plays a crucial role. However, cancellous bone material modelling and dead zone have minimal influence on bone remodelling around the tibia cancellous bone due to TAR.
Porosity characterization and respective influence on short-beam strength of advanced composite processed by resin transfer molding and compression molding
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina Mendes Quintanilha Silva , Monticeli Francisco Maciel , Ornaghi Heitor , Santos Luis Felipe de Paula , Cioffi Maria Odila Hilário
Published: November 2020

This work has been developed for a comparative purpose concerning the processing and respective mechanical performance of CFRP composites processed by resin transfer molding (RTM) and compression molding (CM) techniques. Thermal and viscosimetric tests before processing certified the optimal parameter procedure. Both composites were submitted to short-beam shear tests and through microscopy to determine failure mechanisms. CM specimens presented a decrease of 27% in shear strength caused by the presence of macro porosity that induced crack initiation and connection of different delamination plies, causing the speeding up of crack propagation and jump of the interlaminar layer. The low capillary effect and higher viscous force were responsible for macro porosity, inducing heterogeneous impregnation in CM and to the direction reduce in mechanical behavior. On the other hand, more homogeneous impregnation in RTM specimens was responsible for the absence of macro porosity, ensuring higher values of shear strength and lower void volume fraction.
‘You can rent it for a while, but it is our house’: Sports fans’ experience of returning ‘home’ to a new multipurpose stadium
Authors: Richards Jessica , O’Shea Michelle , Spanjaard Daniela , Garlin Francine
Published: November 2020

Understanding how stadium landscapes are constructed and used, how their elements relate to the broader local fan community is to understand a good deal about the culture, values and concerns of the people who use it. Yet, despite the unique role sports stadiums have in facilitating a memorable match-day experience, theorising this space remains underdeveloped. This research investigates contemporary stadium design and use from a fan perspective by examining the factors that enhance and inhibit the experience in a newly built multipurpose and shared stadium space. The research illustrates how transitioning to a new stadium involves a complex paradox between old traditions and new spaces. This paper has two objectives. First, it explores how the fans of an Australian rugby league team reimagine the concept of ‘home’ in a newly built multipurpose and multi-tenanted stadium. Second, the paper explores how this sense of home and, by extension, belonging was amplified by the club’s ‘dressing’ of the stadium. We argue that in the resettlement of fans, the use of symbols and rituals provides a scaffold for supporters to build an emotional connection to a new stadium, whilst also understanding that they, too, are active in the process of reimaging the stadium space.
Wobbly hedgehog syndrome with disseminated histiocytic sarcoma and lateral ventricular meningioma in an African pygmy hedgehog
Authors: Thompson Lesa A. , Morita Atsuya , Murakami Shoko , Sasaki Noboru , Murashita Miou , Yamazaki Ryou , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kimura Takashi , Takiguchi Mitsuyoshi
Published: November 2020

An 8-mo-old male African pygmy hedgehog was anorectic and ataxic; physical examination revealed tetraparesis and a gangrenous left hindlimb. Analgesic and supportive care were administered, but the animal died 3 d after presentation. Postmortem examination revealed a histiocytic sarcoma in a mesenteric lymph node with metastasis to several organs, multifocal vacuolation in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter, and a meningioma in the left lateral ventricle. We diagnosed wobbly hedgehog syndrome (WHS) with disseminated histiocytic sarcoma and lateral ventricular meningioma. Ventricular meningioma, a rare neoplasm in veterinary and human patients, has not been reported previously in hedgehogs, to our knowledge. The neurologic signs in our case were probably caused by the WHS-related vacuolar lesions and are consistent with those of reported WHS cases. Duration of illness was shorter than is typical of WHS cases, which might be related to the disseminated histiocytic sarcoma. Clinical relevance of the lateral ventricular meningioma was not evident because the ventricular mass was localized and not invasive.
Performativity and Caring in Education: Toward an Ethic of Reimagination
Authors: Walls Jeff
Published: November 2020

Schools are expected to be sites of caring, but there is evidence that both students and adults often experience them as uncaring places. One reason is that a sustained and heavy policy emphasis on accountability and demonstrations of effectiveness has placed pressure on educators to perform in certain ways, and to care about things other than caring. This case study explores how leaders and teachers at two schools balance their efforts to care for students, on the one hand, with the performative pressures they feel, on the other hand. Teachers who were able to prioritize a balance of care used collaborative relationships with colleagues to manage the pressure they felt, and took a longer term, more emotionally attuned, and more inquiry-based approach to meeting student needs. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Gender and the Nexus Between Preferences and Patriarchal Practices: Justifications of Intimate Partner Violence in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Bueno Cruz C. , Henderson Errol A.
Published: November 2020

In the Dominican Republic (DR), high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) coexist with low rates of support for IPV. This raises questions about the actual underlying preferences for justifying IPV in the DR. We expect marriage to be influential in this relationship insofar as it reinforces gendered norms that may rationalize IPV apart from legal proscriptions against it. Our analysis of survey data finds that wives are less likely to justify IPV, but recently married husbands are more likely to justify it. Marriage seems more of a conduit for justifications of IPV whose roots lie in institutions throughout DR society.
Feline morbillivirus in northwestern Italy: first detection of genotype 1-B
Authors: Muratore Elvira , Cerutti Francesco , Colombino Elena , Biasibetti Elena , Caruso Claudio , Brovida Claudio , Cavana Paola , Poncino Laura , Caputo Maria Pia , Peletto Simone , Masoero Loretta , Capucchio Maria Teresa
Published: November 2020

Objectives

A novel morbillivirus was recently described in stray and domestic cats in Asia, the USA and Europe. Most cats infected with feline morbillivirus (FeMV) showed lower urinary tract or kidney disease. Although the association of FeMV infection and kidney diseases has been suggested, the virus pathogenicity remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of FeMV infection, as well as the relationship between FeMV infection and kidney diseases in cats from northwestern Italy.

Methods

A total of 153 urine samples (150 individuals and three pools) and 50 kidney samples were collected and included in the study; total RNA was extracted and a reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed in order to identify FeMV. Kidneys were also submitted to anatomopathological examination. Phylogenetic analysis and isolation attempts were carried out on positive samples. In FeMV-positive cats, urinalysis and blood analysis were performed.

Results

FeMV RNA was detected in 7.3% of urine samples and in 8% of kidney samples, both in healthy cats and in cats with clinical signs/post-mortem lesions compatible with kidney disease. At histopathological examination, tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) was shown in 3/4 positive kidney samples, but a clear relationship between FeMV and TIN was not observed. Isolation attempts were unsuccessful, although the urine sample of one castrated male cat hosted in a cattery showed a positive signal in RT-qPCR until the fourth cell passage. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this FeMV strain belonged to genotype 1-B. In the same cattery, a second genotype 1-B variant was detected from a urine pool. Urinalysis showed proteinuria in three cats, while at blood analysis three cats presented altered creatinine levels.

Conclusions and relevance

Data reported suggest the presence of a FeMV sub-cluster distinct from the strain previously isolated in Italy, whose role in renal disorders remains uncertain.
Equipping students for leadership through community engagement
Authors: Ayaya Gladys Ingasia
Published: November 2020

The contribution of community engagement towards shaping leadership development in students is an area that is not well explored in research. A study was conducted to establish the type of leadership skills and values that were acquired by a group of students from an established private school in Johannesburg, South Africa, while they served an underprivileged community. The private school adheres to both Round Square discoveries framework and the International Boys’ School Coalition’s character education and practices the leadership development programs that have been developed by the two organisations. This was a qualitative research study within the constructivist paradigm with a phenomenological approach. Reflection sheets were used to collect data from 120 students. The data was analysed through discourse analysis, where all recurrent terms were coded, and the codes grouped into themes which were then matched against existing literature, the Round Square discoveries framework and the International Boys’ School Coalition’s character education. The study found that community engagement experience helped refine the character of the students, affording them opportunities to develop leadership skills and values that would see them adjust well into the 21st century way of life. The study was, however, not able to determine how other learning areas and developmental fields impacted on the leadership development of the students.
I Can Wear a Beard, but you Should Shave…Preferences for Men’s Facial Hair From the Perspective of Both Sexes
Authors: Jach Łukasz , Moroń Marcin
Published: November 2020

Researchers have found that men’s facial hair may have certain signaling functions connected with intrasexual competition and intersexual attractiveness. The interesting issue is whether men’s and women’s preferences for men’s facial hair may be considered a reflection of their intuitive knowledge about these functions. The aim of the presented studies was to analyze women’s and men’s preferences regarding men’s facial hair using questions with a dichotomous answer format (Study 1 and Study 2) and pictorial stimuli (Study 2). In both studies, women were asked to indicate their preferences for men’s facial hair. Men were asked to report preferences for facial hair in themselves and in other men, as well as to report their actual appearance of facial hair. The results showed that women’s preferences for men’s facial hair were ambiguous, while men preferred facial hair for themselves and had a lower inclination to prefer facial hair in other men. It suggests that men may be aware of some aspects of signaling functions of facial hair, especially these connected with intrasexual competition.
Quotations in Qualitative Studies: Reflections on Constituents, Custom, and Purpose
Authors: Eldh Ann Catrine , Årestedt Liselott , Berterö Carina
Published: November 2020

Qualitative studies are often found to be accompanied by quotations from interviews or similar data sources. As with any methodological tradition, it is essential to critically explore the general principle of including quotations in scientific papers: what is the purpose and justification for including quotations? Are there standards and, in that case, what are they and what are their scientific positioning? This paper presents an overview of the somewhat diverse guidance found in the literature in reference to the representation of quotations. Yet, both students and scholars use a variety of approaches to quote from their data, ranging from presenting numerous, extensive, and/or comprehensive quotations throughout the results section to the reporting of a few particular quotations to illustrate certain aspects of the findings only. While their function may be described, scientific reasoning for using quotations is scarce. Along with an overview of the scientific background and options for including quotations in qualitative studies, we discuss the consequences of the different epistemological and methodological aspects found in the literature. In conclusion, we argue that there are incentives for promoting a more deliberate employment of references from data; deriving from the human sciences tradition, a corresponding epistemological stance would suggest that quotations preferably apply for illustrating the analysis process and/or findings, while the idea that quotations can be employed to validate findings has limited support. Further critical examination of the application of and justification for including quotations in the reporting of qualitative studies is needed among researchers, journal editors and reviewers.
Research on vibration reduction performance of dynamic vibration absorber based on damping characteristic of a new material
Authors: Song Weizhi , Liu Zhien , Lu Chihua , Li Yongchao , Li Bin
Published: November 2020

The absorbing effect of traditional dynamic vibration absorber (TDVA) is satisfactory only when the natural frequency is close to the excitation frequency. For this defect, a semi-active vibration absorber is designed with magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) as a stiffness element, that its stiffness can be controlled by magnetic field, to widen the frequency band of the absorber. Theory and experiments show that reducing the damp of the absorber can improve the performance of the absorber at the anti-resonance point, but it will cause the vibration of the controlled system at the new resonance point, which caused by the addition of a DVA, to be more intense. For this problem, the compatibilizer: silane coupling agent KH570, is added to the preparation of MRE to reduce material damping, at the same time, the stiffness control strategy is used to eliminate the resonance of the controlled system caused by the addition of DVA. The final experimental results show that the frequency band of vibration reduction has been broadened effectively and the vibration reduction performance has been improved considerably. Moreover, the resonance has been eliminated very well.
The influence of open innovation on firm performance
Authors: Bigliardi Barbara , Ferraro Giovanna , Filippelli Serena , Galati Francesco
Published: November 2020

Innovation is crucial for growth and business development, and represents a reliable way through which to gain competitiveness within the marketplace. Open innovation is expressed through three different processes: the acquisition of external technology (inbound innovation); the external exploitation of technology (outbound innovation); and coupled innovation. Based on a comprehensive and systematic review of the literature best able to detect the main thematic areas of the research topic, the aim of this paper is to investigate how the paradigm of open innovation influences firm performance and to provide suggestions for future research avenues.
Selection in a Snapshot? The Contribution of Visuals to the Selection and Avoidance of Political News in Information-Rich Media Settings
Authors: Powell Thomas E. , Hameleers Michael , van der Meer Toni G. L. A.
Published: November 2020

The psychological bases of the selection and attitudinal response to news media have received ample attention in political communication research. However, the interplay between three crucial factors in today’s online, high-choice news media settings remains understudied: (1) textual versus multimodal (text-plus-visual) communication; (2) attitude congruent versus attitude incongruent versus balanced content; and (3) political versus nonpolitical genres. Relying on an experimental study of refugee and gun control news in the United States ( N = 1,159), this paper investigates how people select and avoid, and also the extent to which they agree with, congenial, uncongenial, and balanced political news in a realistic multimodal selective-exposure setting in which political news is presented alongside sports and entertainment news. Although the findings partially depend on the issue, we find that the presence of multimodal (compared to textual) entertainment and sport items can increase avoidance of political news. Multimodal (compared to textual) political news augments attitude congruent selective exposure instead of encouraging cross-cutting selective exposure. Once selected, multimodal political news articles evoke stronger emotions and lead to higher issue agreement than textual news, regardless of an article’s attitude congruence. By linking research on text-alone to multimodal selective exposure, this study shows that visuals in high-choice media environments can contribute to the selective avoidance of political news generally and cross-cutting political news more specifically.
Treatment of Reducible Atlantoaxial Dislocation and Basilar Invagination Using the Head Frame Reduction Technique and Atlantoaxial Arthrodesis
Authors: Li Teng , Du Yue-Qi , Yin Yi-Heng , Xing Shao-Ling , Qiao Guang-Yu
Published: November 2020

Study design:

Retrospective case series.

Object:

To evaluate the outcomes of a head frame reduction and atlantoaxial arthrodesis technique for the treatment of reducible basilar invagination (BI) and atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD).

Methods:

Seventy-two reducible BI and AAD cases who were treated with the head frame reduction and atlantoaxial arthrodesis technique from June 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Radiological measurements including the atlantodental interval (ADI), the height of odontoid process above Chamberlain line, Wackenheim line, clivus-canal angle (CCA) and JOA score were evaluated.

Results:

There was no death in this series. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 32 months (mean: 21.2 months). Radiological, complete or 90% reduction was attained and complete decompression was demonstrated in all patients. The CCA increased from 123.22 ± 8.36 preoperatively to 143.05 ± 8.79 postoperatively (P < 0.01). There was no patient found postoperative dysphagia. Neurological improvement was observed in all patients, with the JOA scores increasing from 12.53 ± 1.93 preoperatively to 16.13 ± 1.23 postoperatively (P < 0.01). Solid bony fusion was demonstrated in 69 patients at follow-up (95.8%).

Conclusion:

Head frame reduction technique is a simple and effective treatment which could relief neurologic compression and adjust the CCA in patients with reducible AAD and BI with lower potential risks. Atlantoaxial fixation with short segmental fixation, strong purchase and low shearing force could maintain superior stabilization. The safety and long-term efficacy of such fixation and reduction technique were favorable, which illustrated that it could be a promising treatment algorithm for such kind of disease.
Placement of Palliative Stent With Guidance of a Percutaneous Transhepatic Stent
Authors: Poola Shiva , Jampala Nannaya , Mudireddy Prashant
Published: November 2020

The incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased and outcomes have been improving with a multidisciplinary treatment approach. Pancreatoduodenectomy is the surgical approach for pancreatic head tumors; however, postoperative cholestasis or cholangitis may require endoscopic or percutaneous intervention. Placement of a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographic (PTC) drain is a safe approach; however, this requires routine maintenance. This case demonstrates placement of a palliative biliary stent by a rendezvous approach using an in situ PTC drain.
Competency of Academic Nurse Educators
Authors: Satoh Miho , Fujimura Akiko , Sato Naoko
Published: November 2020

Background

In the face of a rapidly changing social environment and increasing demand for health care services, there is a global concern that academic nurse educators should have expert-level competencies and should improve the level of nursing education.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the elements that constitute competency in academic nurse educators.

Methods

A cross-sectional self-completed online survey was conducted involving academic nurse educators working at universities in Japan. We invited 277 nursing universities to participate in the survey and to provide academic nurse educators with information about the research by contacting the dean of each university’s nursing department. In total, 372 educators completed the survey (response rate 4.03%), and after excluding those with incomplete data, 367 were analyzed (valid response rate 3.97%). The data were analyzed by exploratory-factor analysis, with the least-squares method and promax rotation performed.

Results

An exploratory analysis yielded five competency factors: “facilitating active learning,” “engaging in academic research activities,” “participating in university management,” “undertaking self-directed learning based on professional ethics,” and “practicing education autonomously.”

Conclusions

The competencies identified in the present study are essential for academic nurse educators, and the five factors are in accord with the findings of previous studies. Support systems for academic nursing educators should be established to improve their competencies comprehensively. However, further research is needed to develop the competencies of academic nurse educators into more comprehensive and sophisticated competencies.
Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Presenting in a Patient With Punctate Inner Choroidopathy
Authors: Walters Alexander R. , Choi Rene Y. , Flaxel Christina J.
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

This work reports a case of long-standing punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) presenting with acute-onset multiple evanescent white dot syndrome.

Methods:

A 44 year-old man presented with new onset of flashes and a peripheral spot of blurry vision in the right eye. His ocular history included PIC in both eyes.

Results:

Corrected visual acuities and intraocular pressures were normal. Posterior segment examination of the right eye demonstrated old PIC lesions and new, deep-yellow lesions in the posterior pole and midperiphery. Four months later, these lesions had resolved.

Conclusions:

Coexistence of PIC and multiple evanescent white dot syndrome has been rarely reported, and more research is warranted to investigate a possible shared etiology.
Platinum-group minerals from the Malaya Kamenushka River placer, Middle Urals, Russia
Authors: Palamarchuk Roman S. , Stepanov Sergey Yu. , Kozlov Aleksandr V. , Khanin Dmitry A. , Varlamov Dmitry A. , Zolotarev Andrey A. , Kiseleva Daria V. , Shilovskikh Vladimir V.
Published: November 2020

This work presents a detailed study of platinum-group mineral (PGM) assemblages from the Malaya Kamenushka River placer, whose formation is associated with the weathering of the Kamenushensky Uralian–Alaskan type massif, Middle Urals, Russian Federation. The deposit is characterised by the dominance of isoferroplatinum, together with significant numbers of inclusions of Os–Ir–Ru alloys and platinum-group element (PGE) sulfides. A study of the Os–Ir–Ru alloys permitted recognition of two types of iridium with different morphology and composition. The similarity of the PGM assemblages from the Malaya Kamenushka River placer and the lode mineralisation of the Kamenushensky massif is demonstrated. A comparison of PGM assemblages from the Malaya Kamenushka River placer with other placers and massifs of the Ural platinum belt demonstrates significant differences in the number of Os–Ir–Ru inclusions. Such differences for minerals of refractory elements cannot be explained by the vertical zoning of the lode mineralisation. Most probably this is associated with the enrichment of the primary substrate with Os, Ir and Ru and/or the degree of melting, depending on the chosen model of formation of the Uralian–Alaskan type massifs.
Environmental factors involved in SARS-CoV-2 transmission: effect and role of indoor environmental quality in the strategy for COVID-19 infection control
Authors: Azuma Kenichi , Yanagi U , Kagi Naoki , Kim Hoon , Ogata Masayuki , Hayashi Motoya
Published: November 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new zoonotic agent that emerged in December 2019, causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This infection can be spread by asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and symptomatic carriers. SARS-CoV-2 spreads primarily via respiratory droplets during close person-to-person contact in a closed space, especially a building. This article summarizes the environmental factors involved in SARS-CoV-2 transmission, including a strategy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a building environment. SARS-CoV-2 can persist on surfaces of fomites for at least 3 days depending on the conditions. If SARS-CoV-2 is aerosolized intentionally, it is stable for at least several hours. SARS-CoV-2 is inactivated rapidly on surfaces with sunlight. Close-contact aerosol transmission through smaller aerosolized particles is likely to be combined with respiratory droplets and contact transmission in a confined, crowded, and poorly ventilated indoor environment, as suggested by some cluster cases. Although evidence of the effect of aerosol transmission is limited and uncertainty remains, adequate preventive measures to control indoor environmental quality are required, based on a precautionary approach, because COVID-19 has caused serious global damages to public health, community, and the social economy. The expert panel for COVID-19 in Japan has focused on the “3 Cs,” namely, “closed spaces with poor ventilation,” “crowded spaces with many people,” and “close contact.” In addition, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan has been recommending adequate ventilation in all closed spaces in accordance with the existing standards of the Law for Maintenance of Sanitation in Buildings as one of the initial political actions to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, specific standards for indoor environmental quality control have not been recommended and many scientific uncertainties remain regarding the infection dynamics and mode of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in closed indoor spaces. Further research and evaluation are required regarding the effect and role of indoor environmental quality control, especially ventilation.
Evolutionary history of the C-repeat binding factor/dehydration-responsive element-binding 1 (CBF/DREB1) protein family in 43 plant species and characterization of CBF/DREB1 proteins in Solanum tuberosum
Authors: Li Wan , Chen Yue , Ye Minghui , Lu Haibin , Wang Dongdong , Chen Qin
Published: November 2020

Background

Plants are easily affected by temperature variations, and high temperature (heat stress) and low temperature (cold stress) will lead to poor plant development and reduce crop yields. Therefore, it is very important to identify resistance genes for improving the ability of plants to resist heat stress or cold stress by using modern biotechnology. Members of the C-repeat binding factor/Dehydration responsive element-binding 1 (CBF/DREB1) protein family are related to the stress resistance of many plant species. These proteins affect the growth and development of plants and play vital roles during environmental stress (cold, heat, drought, salt, etc.). In this study, we identified CBF/DREB1 genes from 43 plant species (including algae, moss, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms) by using bioinformatic methods to clarify the characteristics of the CBF/DREB1 protein family members and their functions in potato under heat and cold stresses.

Results

In this study, we identified 292 CBF/DREB1 proteins from 43 plant species. However, no CBF/DREB1 protein was found in algae, moss, ferns, or gymnosperms; members of this protein family exist only in angiosperms. Phylogenetic analysis of all the CBF/DREB1 proteins revealed five independent groups. Among them, the genes of group I do not exist in eudicots and are found only in monocots, indicating that these genes have a special effect on monocots. The analysis of motifs, gene duplication events, and the expression data from the PGSC website revealed the gene structures, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns of the CBF/DREB1 proteins. In addition, analysis of the transcript levels of the 8 CBF/DREB1 genes in potato (Solanum tuberosum) under low-temperature and high-temperature stresses showed that these genes were related to temperature stresses. In particular, the expression levels of StCBF3 and StCBF4 in the leaves, stems, and roots significantly increased under high-temperature conditions, which suggested that StCBF3 and StCBF4 may be closely related to heat tolerance in potato.

Conclusion

Overall, members of the CBF/DREB1 protein family exist only in angiosperms and plays an important role in the growth and development of plants. In addition, the CBF/DREB1 protein family is related to the heat and cold resistance of potato. Our research revealed the evolution of the CBF/DREB1 family, and is useful for studying the precise functions of the CBF/DREB1 proteins when the plants are developing and are under temperature stress.