bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Steppe Ribbon Racer Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae) in Mangistau and Atyrau oblasts from the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan University, Akhmedenov K.M. , Bakiev A.G. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology of the Volga Basin of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2022

Materials related to the history of the study of the distribution of the steppe ribbon racer Psammophis lineolatus in Western Kazakhstan are presented in this article. Thus, based on literature and original data, a map was compiled with an inventory of the distribution of the species in the Mangistau and Atyrau oblasts of Kazakhstan through which the northwestern border of the range passes. This border rises from the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea along the left bank of the Urals almost to the border of the West-Kazakhstan oblast before then turning eastwards into the Indersky district of the Atyrau oblast, passing along the northern coast of Lake Inder. Data show that the currently known northern distribution limit for the Steppe Ribbon Racer is on the northwestern edge of the Taisoigan sands, in the Kyzylkoginsky district of the Atyrau oblast (48°49,97′N, 52°55,545′E)
On the occurrence of the Racerunner (Eremias arguta) in scorched places within the Semipalatinsk belt pine forests
Authors:   NAS « Shakarim University», Khromov V.A.
Published: February 2022

A semi-adult Eremias arguta was discovered in September 2013 at one site within the «Semey Ormany” State Forest Nature Reserve. This is the only known record of this species in the sandy biotope of the Semipalatinsk pine forest.
Production of Bacterial Cellulose by Komagataeibacter xylinus InaCC B404 using Different Carbon Sources
Authors: Pangihotan Napitupulu Toga , Kanti Atit , - Masrukhin , Ratna Sulistiyani Tri , Heri Yuli Yanto Dede , Made Sudiana I
Published: February 2022

Recently, microorganism-based hydrogel has been attracting attention for its applications in the revegetation of marginal land and in crop production on dry land. Komagataeibacter xylinus is a bacterium that can biosynthesize bacterial cellulose, the material for microorganism-based hydrogel. Nonetheless, various factors influence the production of bacterial cellulose by K. xylinus, and one of them is the substrate nutrient used. Therefore, we investigate various types of carbon sources for bacterial cellulose synthesis by our strain collection K. xylinus InaCC B404. Five simple sugars were selected as the main carbon source, namely glucose, lactose, mannitol, xylose, and sucrose. The results showed that the type of carbon source affected bacterial cellulose production yield. Lactose was the carbon source that produced the highest yield of bacterial cellulose (8.7 g/l). Moreover, sugar consumption by the isolate was also the lowest in the lactose broth (25% w/w). However, the swelling capacity of dried natural bacterial cellulose produced was relatively similar for all carbon sources, and it was between 2.5-3.1 times per gram. Physical observation based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs showed that the appearances of bacterial cellulose derived from lactose and glucose were more rugged than other types of bacterial cellulose. On the other hand, chemical structure analyses using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the chemical composition of bacterial cellulose was relatively similar for all carbon sources. This was revealed by the presence of the characteristic bands of cellulose. This study points to the value of the use of lactose as a carbon source in the production of bacterial cellulose as a hydrogel for further application.
Lithium ion battery research and development: the Nigerian potential
Authors: Ichu. B. C  , ONOCHOJA U. F.C.
Published: February 2022

Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are growing in popularity as energy storage devices. Handheld, portable electronic devices use LiBs based on Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LiCoO2) which in spite of its attendant safety risks offers high energy density. Other types of LiBsbased on Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), Lithium-ion manganese oxide (LiMn2O4, Li2MnO3, or LMO), and Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNiMnCoO2 or NMC) have better safety issues with lower energy density. These batteries which are rechargeable are used in cell phones, laptops and tablets, electric and hybrid cars (EV), grid storage, cordless power tools, medical equipment, and other high-tech devices. Nigeria, with a population above two hundred million, is a big market for lithium-ion batteries. The mineral ore for the cathode of lithium-ion batteries is available in Kogi, Nasarawa, Ekiti, Kwara, Cross River, Oyo, and the Plateau States. These include amblygonite(Li,Na)AlPO4(F,OH), Lithium Sodium Aluminum Phosphate Fluoride Hydroxide and lepidolite (K(Li,Al)3(Al,Si, Rb)4O10(F,OH)2, Potassium lithium aluminum silicate hydroxide fluoride, spodumene: (LiAl(SiO3)2 Lithium Aluminum Silicate, petalite: (LiAl(Si2O5)2 aluminum hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy- oxosilane; lithium), and graphite which is used as the anode material is available in Kaduna and the Adamawa States. In view of these available resources, the Projects Development Institute (PRODA) Enugu, a Science and Engineering based Research Institute under the supervision of the Federal Ministry of Science and Technology has pioneered battery research and development with a particular focus on Lithium-ion batteries. It is expected in the long run that lithium-ion batteries would be produced locally for rechargeable lanterns in view of the country’s energy deficit. This would spring up small and medium enterprises that would drive the economy by the beneficiation and refining of the content of the raw material which is available in the country and thus creating wealth for our citizenry.
Qualitative Evaluation of Geophysical Aeromagnetic Data For River Anticline Around The River Niger Area In Koton-Karfi, Southern Bida Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Charles Ugwu Ugwueze  , Nwofor, Victor Udokamma  , Njoku, Ikechukwu Onyema  , Jack Leah  , Choko Chukwuemeka  , Ibeneme Sabinus Ikechukwu
Published: February 2022

In this paper a qualitative evaluation of aeromagnetic data maps has been used to preliminarily support the formation of river anticlines beneath major rivers due to isostatic rebound as a result of deep river incision of surface and sub-surface overlying rocks. The regional gradients of digital high resolution aeromagnetic data were removed by polynomial fitting. This involved fitting a plane surface to the reduction to pole map of the aeromagnetic data by using multi-regression least square analysis of the Oasis Montaj 6.4 program. The regional field values from the plane surface are subtracted from the observed data to obtain the residual anomaly values. Power spectrum plots of aeromagnetic data of the study area produced a basement depth contour map. The basement depths of the south-western part of the study area revealed basement uplift with a depth range of 1.8 to 2.5km which lies beneath the Niger River area, SW of the study area, and depicts a river anticline.
Parkinson’s Diagnosis through Compressed Speech Signals at remote Locations
Authors: Adil Pervaiz  , Ammar Tahir
Published: February 2022

Rapid increase in Parkinson’s disease all over the world before the age of 60’s is alarming. Parkinson’s affects the neurological controls of human body. In this paper we intend to adopt machine based learning to automate the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease with help of compressed speech signals sent via network. An advanced Solution is proposed to automate the diagnosis process more rapid than that of ordinary process. In this study Speech samples from 55 subjects have been collected, 43 with Parkinson Disease and 12 Healthy subjects. Speech signals from clients captured from various sensors and devices transmitted to the cloud for processing. In the cloud Speech samples are compressed using compression codecs MP3, MP4, G.722, G.226, GSM-EFR, AMR-WB, SVOPC/SILK, and OPUS, and then same are diagnosed without compression impact and deliver accurate results. Three classifiers SVM (Support Vector Machine), NN (Neural Network), and GA (Genetic Algorithm) are applied and calculated accurate results as compared with compressed and un-compressed voice samples. Successful experiments enabled us to achieve 90.7% accuracy. Same process can be used for online and social media applications which are available in portable devices as well.
Histopathological effects of tobacco leaf extract on juvenile African catfish muscle
Authors: Nwakanma, H. O  , Nwamba, H. O  , Uzoho, A. M  , Esione, C. B
Published: February 2022

In Subsahara Africa, most indigenous small and medium scale catfish farmers have relied on the effectiveness of tobacco leave (Nicotiana tobacum) to treat ponds before stocking. Nicotiana tobacum in solution eliminates microbes and toxins which can be harmful to fish health. As a follow up, it is necessary to investigate if a left over minute concentration, has adverse effect on aquatic health. For this reason, the effect of ethanol extracts of Nicotiana tobacum leaf on the histopathology of muscles of juvenile fresh water Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) was investigated. The fish were acclimated for 14 days. Sublethal concentrations (0.25 mg/l, 0.50 mg/l, 0.75 mg/l, 1.00 mg/l and 1.25 mg/l) of ethanol leaf extract of Nicotiana tobacum in aqueous media were prepared. Each aquarium had 10 juveniles of mean length 6.9 ± 0.62 cm. After initial acclimation, the fish was exposed to the media for 96 hours. Histopathological micrograph of the catfish muscle tissue exposed to sublethal concentrations of Nicotiana tobacum indicate breakage of myofibrils, disintegrated myotomes, bunding of myotomes, lesions, hemorrhage and tissue inflammation. Preliminary Scanning electron microscopy of the ethanol extract of Nicotiana tobacum leaves showed the micro surface structure (morphology) and elemental composition of the extract. Results obtained from this work indicate that Nicotiana tobacum used as a biological control to eradicating predators and unwanted organisms in the ponds by local farmers in place of agrochemicals, if not controlled can exact varying degree of negative histopathological effect on the muscles of juvenile African cat fish, Clarias gariepinus.
Hand written character recognition using SVM
Authors: Ammar Tahir  , Adil Pervaiz
Published: February 2022

Classification is one of the most important tasks for different applications such as text categorization, tone recognition, image classification, microarray gene expression, proteins structure predictions, data Classification, etc. Hand-written digit classification is a process that interprets handwritten digits by machine. There are many techniques used for HRC like neural networks and k-nearest neighbor (KNN).In this paper, a novel supervised learning technique, Support Vector Machine (SVM), is applied to blur images data. SVM is a powerful machine model use for classification for two or more classes. This paper represents pixel base detection technique for training machines on blur images. SVM is employed as classifier results are accurate nearest 80% which are comparable with state of art.
Comprehensive Spatial planning of Sonamarg resort in Kashmir Valley, India for sustainable tourism
Authors: Ishfaq Gujree  , Arfan Arshad  , Aijaz Reshi  , Zubair Bangroo
Published: February 2022

The tourism Industry is directly linked with the environment, as tourists mainly travel to natural and green environment destinations. This study has made an attempt to demonstrate the application of Geospatial Approach in evaluation of Master Planning for Sonamarg Resort most visited tourist place of Kashmir valley. Master Plan (MP) for Tourist Resort of Sonamarg was evaluated using topographical settings (Slope, Aspects and Elevation) natural drainage and land use land cover map. Evaluation of Master plan for Sonamarg tourist resort was carried out in two ways i.e., zone vise (A, B, C and D) and slope vise. High resolution Google Earth satellite images of IKONOS were used to analyze current land use land cover in Sonamarg, which are classified into 7 classes. ASTER DEM was used to prepare the slope, elevation and drainage maps. RETScreen Expert was used to get the climate data from NASA to correlate it with the Tourist inflow months. Results indicated that “Zone A” may exhibit conversion from pastures and built up into mixed zone and village settlement; “Zone B” from agriculture to riverfronts; “Zone C” from pasture land to golf course and camping areas; “Zone D” from built up, pastures and recreations sites to golf lodges and facilities areas. Slope vise evaluation indicated that forest should be on higher slope, recreational tourist including Golf Course, River Front and Organized Parks on the moderate slope while built up on the lower slope. The Rapid settlement expansion is seen as one of the potential threats to sustainable development and settlement planning coupled with effective resource utilization and allocation of infrastructure initiatives are other key concerns.
Investigating into the Culture Connotations of the Radical of Yu in the ShuoWenJieZi
Authors: Xue Wang
Published: February 2022

As the first dictionary analyzing the structures of Chinese characters, explaining the meanings and identifying the pronunciations, the book ShuoWenJieZi (literally means discussing writing and explaining characters) compiled by Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty is of important significance in the Chinese language history as well as social language history. By means of researches on the section headers related to “fish” in the book, the development of both the fishery and fish food culture in the Qin and Han Dynasties can be discussed. Based on the section headers related to “fish” in the book ShuoWenJieZi, this paper analyzes the fishery development in the Qin and Han dynasties and examines the tradition of food culture reflected by the section headers related to “fish” as well as the prosperity and development of fish-eating culture.
HUBUNGAN SEKOLAH DENGAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRILAKU PESERTA DIDIK DI SMP NEGERI I BANGILAN
Authors: Sundari Sri , Sholikin Sholikin
Published: February 2022

Hubungan Sekolah Dengan Masyarakat Terhadap Peningkatan Perilaku Peserta Didik DiÃ‚Â  SMP Negeri I Bangilan Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016, hal yang melatarbelakangiÃ‚Â  penelitian ini adalah terjalinnya hubunganÃ‚Â  yang baik antara sekolah dengan masyarakat dan peningkatan prilaku yang positif peserta didik.Kajian pustaka 1) Hubungan sekolah dengan Masyarakat, 2) Kajian Pengaruh masyarakat terhadap Sekolah, 3) Peningkatan prilaku Peserta didik, 4) Jenis-jenis hubungan sekolah dengan masyarakat, 5) Peningkatan Prilaku.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah: 1) Metode Studi Kasus 2) Jenis penelitian Study Lapangan, 3) Populasi, Sampel dan Sumber data adalah : Profil sekolahan, 4) Teknik Sampling Stratified Proportional , 5) Analisa Data.Kesimpulan, bahwa antara Sekolah dengan Masyarakat, perlu adanya hubungan yang intensifÃ‚Â  untuk dapat meningkatan perilakuÃ‚Â  peserta didik.Kata Kunci: Hubungan Sekolah Dengan Masyarakat, Peningkatan PerilakuÃ‚Â DOI :10.5281/zenodo.3472160
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SMA ISLAM DUDUKSAMPEYAN GRESIK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016 â€“ 2017
Authors: Sundari Sri , Putri Enggar Pinasti
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh beberapa permasalahan yang menjadi hambatan dalam dunia pendidikan yang saat ini dirasa jauh dari cita â€“ cita bangsa. Hal ini di buktikan dengan kemerosotan moral pada anak dan kalangan remaja pada hari ini. Dalam realitanya, kehausan peserta didik akan sentuhan nilai â€“ nilai karakter sangatlah terasa. Salah satu penyebabnya mungkin dikarenakan dalam prosesnya, pendidik lebih menekankan pada nilai kognitifnya dibandingkan dengan nilai afektifnya.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang pendekatannya melalui pengamatan yang dilakukan sendiri dengan metode observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Dengan subyjek penelitiannya adalah kepala sekolah, para pendidik, serta peserta didik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data.Sekilas pandang, implementasi pendidikan karakter yang ada di SMA Islam Duduksampeyan Gresik dilakukan melalui penanaman nilai â€“ nilai karakter dan nilai â€“ nilai akhlak yang diterapkan melalui pembiasaan serta suri tauladan yang baik, dimana pembelajaran akhlak tersebut mengacu pada ajaran ahlussunah wal jamaâ€™ah.Tidak dapat dipungkiri, bahwa implementasi pendidikan karakter di SMA Islam Duduksampeyan Gresik memiliki beberapa faktor penghambat dalam penerapannya, namun hal tersebut mampu diatasi oleh pendidik dengan cukup baik.Â
MASHLAHAH AL MURSALAH DALAM KONSEP KENEGARAAN MENURUT IMAM AL GHAZALI
Authors: Haniatunnisa Siti
Published: February 2022

Imam al Ghazali as Islamic Scholar expert in the field of ushul fiqh, His thoughts in the field of ushul serve as a reference throughout the world and also in Indonesia for centuries. He is also one of the scholar who uses Mashlahah al-mursalah approach results in ijtihad. He formulates in the methodology in his famous books include Al-Mustashfa, Syifa'ul Ghalil and al-Mankhul on the provisions of the use mashlahah al mursalah. In addition al Ghazali also formulated a concept of state. The concept of state formulated by al Ghazali stands on the basis of the theory of interdependency and the theory of theo-democracy. In the concept of statehood, we find that al Ghazali uses the principle of Mashlahah as the basis or reference in the built of state. Al Ghazali in the concept of theo-democracy using Mashlahah al Mursalah as the basis of law in order to build people's sovereign State by using the principles of divinity (Mabadi Rabbaniyah). The concept of theo-democracy, is a concept of a moderate state (tawashutiyyan), which is not in the form of God State (theocracy) or Secular state, but it is in the middle between that two models of the State, namely the State which remain within the corridor etiquette and principles of divinity yet at the same time provide a soverignity in technical life of a country to a nation.

Keywords: Imam al-Ghazali,Islamic scholar, ushul fiqh
MEMBACA DASAR-DASAR DAN IMPLEMENTASI FIKIH BUDAYA K.H. MA’RUF AMIN
Authors: Pujiono Abdul Hamid
Published: February 2022

Cultural perceptions cannot be viewed as artistic perceptions. Often Indonesian society become talkative, when speaking culture is art. Though wide cultural coverage has placed the art on the portion that goes in it. Art is part of the culture. So the application and implementation of culture is basically daily and real. Integral and inseparable from human life. Therefore, the expression of art to stimulate creativity and innovation can not be equated with cultural perceptions that require harmony and harmony. Mapping the constellation of cultural fiqih will lead to socio-political realities in Indonesia. The concept of makharij al-fiqhiyyah initiated by K.H. Ma'ruf Amin will take the middle course. This is the answers to the existing reality, whether it involves understanding, movement, politics, or social imbalance. Islam through universal doctrine has given cultural outlines, but at the level of praxis still trapped in the past and outside influences.

Keywords: culture fiqh, makharij al-fiqhiyyah
SISTEM EKONOMI HUMANISTIK VERSUS EKONOMI BEBAS
Authors: Prawiro Atmo
Published: February 2022

The debate of the world economic system that began post-cold war until today can be said victory is in the capitalistic system that uses the free market as one of its characteristics. The collapse of Unisovyet signifies the power of capitalistic economy as the ruler of the world economy. Because almost the countries in the world apply this system. In some countries the world is actually a lot of economic system that is used, but the fact that most of the capitalistic world that dominate it. Similarly, Indonesia is also a free market capitalistic system, although Indonesia in its constitution uses Pancasila economy (humanistic economy) which loves togetherness (ukhwah) and religious ruhs.

This research uses descriptive analysis approach, with the sources used are published books and journals.

The author finds that the humanist economic system in terms of the above concept belongs to the commonalities of Islamic values, even this humanist economy provides for mutuality, mutual help and high spiritual dimension, and this differs greatly from the free market economy developed by the global capitalist economic system . This free market economic system tends to be the object of human being, so there is a very far gap between the community and the conglomerates, and this is the hallmark of the free market economy. But on the one hand the humanist economy does adopt some capitalist system, as well as individual ownership and also adopt the economic socialism in terms of togetherness.

Keyword: humanistic economy, capitalistic economy and Pancasila economy
INSTITUSI PENGAWASAN PUBLIK (HISBAH) MENURUT IBNU TAIMIYAH
Authors: Hajar Elvira Sitna
Published: February 2022

The book "Al-Hisbah fi al Islam" is a classic because it was written 700 years ago by Shaykh Ibn Taimiyah, but its relevance is still felt today. There are many discussions that are beyond their time and are increasingly evident in their urgency in modern times. This shows that the verses of the Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad which are the main references are eternal and become the guidelines of human life throughout the ages. Hisbah can be defined as an institution for monitoring and controlling commodity prices in the market (price control) as well as monitoring the behavior of government officials. What is special about his work is that it does not only refer to texts as normative sources but also follows the history and practice of the people around him. So that apart from being scientifically qualified, new findings can also be discussed in the field. Although Ibn Taimiyah is known as an expert in kalam and fiqh, the book talks about public duties and market economy (issues that are the main concern of modern society today).
DIPLOMASI SPIRITUAL KULTURAL DALAM PENCEGAHAN PEMBAYARAN DIYAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM WNI DI LUAR NEGERI YANG MENERAPKAN SYARIAT
Authors: Tamami Kholidah
Published: February 2022

The program to protect Indonesian citizens (WNI) abroad is one of the agendas for the Nawacita program of the Joko Widodo-Jusuf Kalla administration. Some of the protection efforts in the Middle East, the government often collides with qishas which is part of Islamic law in the country. The death sentence that befell the Indonesian citizen occurred because the victim's family did not forgive the Indonesian citizen who was suspected of being guilty, even the power of the king could not intervene in this matter. The presence of the state in the form of providing assistance from lawyers, involving local figures is a way of diplomacy that can relieve Indonesian citizens who are sentenced to prison in that country. Throughout 2015, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs through Indonesian Representatives in several countries has succeeded in freeing 48 Indonesian citizens from the threat of the death penalty. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method of analysis by collecting observation data, interviews, document collection and recording.
Asymmetric Effects of Fiscal Deficit Financing and Inflation Dynamics in Ghana
Authors: Osei Victor , Ogunkola W.O
Published: February 2022

Fiscal Deficit Financing (FDF) has been unsustainably high in Ghana and this has led to unstable and high inflation episodes since 1980. The FDF averaged 4.6% from 2005-2011 and 6.9% to 2012-2018, while inflation averaged 11.0% and 13.1% relative to medium-term to long-term inflation target of 8.0% in the same periods, respectively. Previous studies on deficit financing-inflation nexus in Ghana have primarily focused on linear and symmetric relationship, thereby ignoring the asymmetric policy effects of FDF on inflation dynamics. Disregarding the asymmetry of FDF could impact negatively on efforts of Bank of Ghana in forecasting and controlling inflation effectively. To address this problem, this study was therefore designed to investigate the asymmetric policy effects of FDF on inflation dynamics in Ghana over the period 1980-2018. The fiscal theory of the price level provided the theoretical framework. The Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) econometric methodology was deployed to examine the asymmetric effects of FDF on inflation dynamics. The paper found that FDF had asymmetric effects on inflation dynamics in Ghana as the positive outcome of FDF had a significant positive asymmetric effect of 29.0% on inflation while its negative outcome had a relatively less asymmetric effect of 22% on inflation dynamics, suggesting that consolidating fiscal policy was disinflationary. The paper finally recommends that fiscal authorities should adopt consolidating and prudent fiscal policies that could lead to fiscal solvency and sustainability, which could potentially moderate the effect of FDF on inflation dynamics.
Alteridade no multiculturalismo: representações sociais e dialogicidade de professores de escolas públicas de São Paulo
Authors: Nunes Monica Ribeiro , Novaes Adelina
Published: February 2022

O estudo visou compreender as representações sociais de professores de Ensino Fundamental 2 (6º ao 9º ano) da rede pública municipal de educação de São Paulo sobre o estudante imigrante. A escola eleita distinguiu-se pelo multiculturalismo, visto que 10% do total de seu alunado é composto por estudantes imigrantes da Argentina, Bolívia e Chile. A abordagem dialógica da teoria das representações sociais foi orientadora da sistematização e análise das informações produzidas nas observações in loco e nos dois grupos focais realizados. As representações acerca dos estudantes imigrantes ganharam destaque quando em confrontação com as representações sobre os estudantes brasileiros, e jogam luz, sobretudo, nos alunos de origem boliviana.
Designing Urban Soundscape for Various Activities based on Soundscape Expectation
Authors: Sudarsono Anugrah , Sarwono Sugeng Joko , Hapsari Andini , Salim Helga
Published: February 2022

The concept of soundscape aims to provide a more holistic understanding of the acoustic environment by taking several aspects into account, such as human perception, the acoustic environment and the context of the space. The soundscape concept is primarily concerned with the human experience and is considered more effective to access the acoustic quality of urban areas than traditional sound measurement. Soundscape analysis was used in this study to determine the relationship between various activities occurring in urban areas and their associated sound sources. This relationship can be used as design guidance for urban soundscape. The interaction was analyzed using the soundscape expectation approach, which is based on people’s memories of urban areas. The participants of this study were requested to compose an ideal acoustic environment according to their expectation for doing four activities: reading, relaxing, talking with friends, and playing with children. According to the data of the participants’ composition there is no significant difference in the overall sound levels between various activities. As a result, the appropriate acoustic environment cannot be determined solely based on the overall sound level. Individuals have varying expectations of sound sources when engaging in various activities.
Assessment of Epidemic and Pandemic Events Preparedness in Ministry of Health Hospitals, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Faqeeh Ahmad Mosa , Sabai Abdullah Ibrahim , Jahlan Mohammed Ahmed , Khayrat Ahmed Nasser , Azyabi Hussein Ali , Asiri Abdullah Ibrahim , Azybi Mohammed Ali , Habkor Madi Mustafa
Published: February 2022

Background: Hospital preparedness planning for natural and man-made disasters has become the pressing necessity of hospitals being the principal habitat of disaster victims. One of the most critical areas of consideration is hospital preparedness for epidemic and pandemic events. Objectives: To assess concerns, perceived impacts and preparedness of health care workers for epidemic and pandemic events in Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals, Jazan, 2021. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1st, to August 31st, 2021 in three Ministry of Health hospitals in Jazan city. All health care workers (HCWs) working at the three hospitals were eligible to participate if they were direct clinical care providers. A valid questionnaire consisting of five parts was used; including demographic data, work-related concerns of health care workers, non-work related concerns of health care workers, perceived impact of health care workers on personal life and work and preparedness of health care workers for epidemic and pandemic events. Results: The study included 307 healthcare workers. The age of 39.7% of them ranged between 31 and 40 years. Almost two-thirds (62.2%) were males. The total score of work-related concern of COVID-19 among the participants ranged between 7 and 28, out of a possible maximum of 35, with a median (IQR) of 18 (15-22). HCWs in the age group 31-40 years, master holders, and doctors expressed the highest concerns score. The total score of non-work-related concern of COVID-19 ranged between 7 and 35, out of a possible maximum of 35, with a median (“interquartile range “IQR”) of 28 (22-28). HCWs who hold a master degree and doctors expressed the highest concerns. The total score of perceived impact on personal life and work health professionals ranged between 6 and 44, out of a possible maximum of 50, with a median (IQR) of 25 (21-30). HCWs in the age group 31-40, and Master holders had the highest score. The total score of preparedness for Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic ranged between 15 and 75, out of a possible maximum of 75, with a median (IQR) of 56 (48- 61). The highest score was observed among HCWs aged over 50 years. Conclusion: Some work-related and non-work-related concerns of HCWs in Jazan regarding COVID-19 pandemic have been identified. Also, perceived impact of the pandemic on HCWs` work and professional life has been documented. Their preparedness as well as that of the health care system to the COVID-19 pandemic was satisfactory in most aspects. Key words: COVID-19, concerns, preparedness, healthcare workers, Saudi Arabia
Strategies For Enhancing the Quality of Pediatric Emergency Care: Addressing Overcrowding and Patients’ Length of Stay
Authors: Alharbi Amal Abdullah
Published: February 2022

Background: High quality healthcare is an essential factor in maintaining and preserving the lives of people in Emergency departments. There are some factors that affect the level of care in the emergency departments, of which overcrowding and long Length of Stay (LOS) are prime causes Both these factors affect patients’ satisfaction, cause delay in receiving the necessary treatment and cause the mortality rate to surge. Aim: The current research aims to reveal how to address problems such as long length of stay and overriding in emergency departments. This was achieved through studying the literature and picking the appropriate solutions in evidence- based practice. Methods: a review of the past literature to identify the strategies that can be used to overcome crowding and LOS in pediatric emergency departments. Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley online library were used. These databases were searched by the following key words “Emergency Department”, “Emergency Room”, “Crowding”, “Overcrowding”, “Length of Stay” and “Emergency Services”. There were more than 100 articles that met the above-mentioned criteria. Papers that are theoretical or conceptual in nature, as well as comments, letters, and correspondence and observational study in which no intervention is used, were excluded. Results: According to the ideal patient journey model, this model should be used, as mentioned in the literature section, in order to improve the level of health care in pediatric emergency departments. In our results, those strategies will be commented on in terms of their disadvantages and advantages according to our point of view. Conclusion: Overcrowding in the emergency department is one of the current challenges, according to the studies mentioned, as in order to improve the care of children and patients, different strategies of high quality must be followed in order to reduce overcrowding and achieve effectiveness and efficiency. Key words: Quality, enhancement, strategies, pediatric, emergency, care
Problema da catenária: história, solução e aplicações
Authors: Lima Lucas Antonio Mendes de , Miranda Sandra Regina Figueiredo de
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma história sobre o Problema da Catenária, com sua solução e algumas aplicações. Foi abordada a etimologia da palavra catenária, o enunciado do problema foi proposto por Jakob Bernoulli, os matemáticos que contribuíram para sua solução, como Galileu, Huygens, Leibniz e Johann Bernoulli. É evidenciada a construção matemática da parábola e da catenária e uma corroboração desta distinção por meio de gráficos plotados no GeoGebra, seguida aplicações na engenharia e arquitetura. Nesse sentido, elucida-se a possibilidade de levar, para sala de aula, curiosidades deste tipo ao trabalhar com Função Quadrática para instigar os alunos sobre a existência de outras funções como as exponenciais e a possibilidade para desdobramento de pesquisas futuras com outros problemas ou situações presentes ao longo História da Matemática.
De Diophanto a Mordell – um breve relato sobre mais um grande enigma da Teoria dos Números
Authors: Fonseca Rubens Vilhena , Menezes Andreza Thalia
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo se refere à exposição de um relato sem o rigor dos métodos utilizados em temas sobre História da Matemática e tem o objetivo de apresentar um caso da Teoria dos Números e seu desdobramento histórico sobre uma equação e os personagens mais destacados dentro desse contexto. Em 1657, Pierre de Fermat desafiou os matemáticos ingleses Sir Kenelm Digby e John Wallis a encontrar todas as soluções inteiras positivas da equação y2 + 2 = x3. A solução (x, y) = (3, 5) foi encontrada por Diophanto muitos séculos antes. Presumivelmente, o desafio foi para mostrar que, exceto essa, não há outras, como Fermat reivindicou ter uma prova de que esta era a única solução. Não é claro, a partir desta distância no tempo, se de fato Fermat tinha uma prova completa. Fizemos um breve relato histórico para conhecer os principais personagens e as suas buscas pelas soluções inteiras do caso geral da equação diofantina y2 + 2 = x3 e as implicações dessa busca no desenvolvimento da Teoria dos Números.
IPNoSys: uma nova arquitetura paralela baseada em redes em chip
Authors: Fernandes Sílvio R. , Oliveira Bruno C. , Costa Miklécio , Silva Ivan S.
Published: February 2022

A tecnologia de integração tem avançado a ponto de transformar os processadores multi-core em uma realidade de mercado nos dias atuais. Nesse cenário, as redes de interconexão têm uma função essencial quando o número de núcleos de processamento cresce, uma vez que o uso de soluções baseadas em barramento torna-se impossível. Algumas soluções de interconexão têm sido empregadas, entretanto, são custosas em relação à área e potência dissipada. Este artigo apresenta uma solução utilizando redes em chip, não apenas como interconexão, mas também como sistema de processamento. Simulações mostraram que o tempo de execução na arquitetura proposta é 3,5 vezes menor que a mesma aplicação executada em uma plataforma virtual MP-SoC.
Algoritmos de Otimização para Simulação Distribuída de Arquiteturas Complexas
Authors: Pereira Joel G. , Santos Rafael R. dos , Furtado João Carlos , Santos Tatiana G. S. dos
Published: February 2022

O projeto de arquiteturas de computadores complexas envolve diversas etapas e pode levar vários anos de desenvolvimento. Desse modo, é comum usar simulação com a finalidade de estudar os efeitos de novos mecanismos e das diversas modificações e atualizações na arquitetura, já que a implementação direta é proibitiva em função do tempo, custo e complexidade. Mesmo usando simulação, a busca pela melhor configuração pode ser onerosa em decorrência da diversidade de parâmetros que podem mudar e afetar o comportamento da arquitetura. Este trabalho utiliza uma implementação de um algoritmo genético para a otimização e automatização da busca de configurações em simulação de arquiteturas de computadores. Os resultados mostram que, dentro do espaço de busca apresentado no artigo, o tempo de execução das simulações reduz em até 91%, se comparado à busca exaustiva. Além disso, os resultados encontrados pelo algoritmo genético representam valores com precisão acima de 97% com relação à solução ótima. Para diminuir ainda mais o tempo na obtenção dos resultados, o processamento das simulações executadas pelo algoritmo genético foi distribuído em um agregado e uma grade. Essa versão distribuída reduziu em mais de 80% o tempo de execução, quando comparado à execução seqüencial do mesmo algoritmo genético.
Tratamento de Exceções Orientado a Contextos
Authors: Dillenburg Fabiane Cristine , Barbosa Jorge Luis Victória
Published: February 2022

A popularização de dispositivos computacionais cada vez menores e com maior poder computacional tem tornado a computação móvel mais comum na vida cotidiana. O desenvolvimento de novas aplicações exige uma adaptação das linguagens de programação à nova realidade, uma vez que estas precisam de mecanismos que tirem proveito das novas tecnologias. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe mecanismos para tratamento de exceções orientado a contextos, com foco no desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis e ubíquas. O conjunto destes mecanismos foi implementado sobre a plataforma atual de execução do Holoparadigma e validado pela implementação de aplicações móveis e ubíquas.
HLS: Modelo para Desenvolvimento de Aplicações Sensíveis à Localização
Authors: Rolim Cícero Raupp , Sonntag Nélson Buis , Barbosa Jorge Luis Victória
Published: February 2022

O crescimento do poder computacional dos dispositivos portáteis como PDAs, handhelds e notebooks é uma realidade na última década. Paralelamente, as redes sem fio (por exemplo, Wi-Fi e bluetooth), tiveram um crescimento vinculado a estes equipamentos, facilitando a comunicação e troca de informações entre os mesmos. Nesse escopo surgiu a computação ubíqua. No escopo da computação ubíqua, as aplicações devem ser sensíveis à rede, recursos, localização física e contexto, ou seja, podem ter seu comportamento alterado durante sua execução, devido à mobilidade constante dos dispositivos móveis. Este trabalho apresenta o HLS, um modelo para desenvolvimento de aplicações sensíveis à localização utilizando o ambiente do Holoparadigma. O HLS é um modelo que inclui um servidor de localização de dispositivos móveis, um módulo que é integrado ao ambiente de execução do Holoparadigma para alteração do estado de execução das aplicações, e uma ferramenta para administração de ambientes com servidor de localização baseado em árvores de contexto.
Avaliação de Estratégias de Balanceamento de Carga do Tipo Mestre-Escravo para Aplicações SPMD em Clusters e Grids Computacionais
Authors: Oliveira Andre L. de , Plastino Alexandre , Martins Simone de L. , Dutra Inês
Published: February 2022

O desempenho de programas paralelos é fortemente influenciado por diferentes fatores dinâmicos de desequilíbrio de carga. A utilização de um algoritmo de balanceamento de carga adequado é essencial para a redução dos efeitos causados por esses fatores de desequilíbrio. Neste trabalho, avalia-se o desempenho de diversas estratégias de balanceamento quando executadas em aplicações SPMD com diferentes características. Os experimentos foram realizados em um cluster e em um grid computacional e foram considerados diversos fatores que podem ocasionar desequilíbrios em um ambiente computacional, tais como: capacidade de processamento, presença de carga externa à aplicação e velocidade de comunicação.
Scratchpad Memories for Parallel Applications in Multi-core Architectures
Authors: Moreira Francis Birck , Cruz Eduardo Henrique Molina da , Alves Marco Antonio Zanata , Navaux Philippe Olivier Alexandre
Published: February 2022

Scratchpad memories are largely used in embedded processors due to their reduced energy consumption and area compared to traditional cache memories. In multi-core architectures, these memories are an interesting solution for the storage of shared data and data which is used intensively. However, these memories present some challenges, such as the need for manual choice of the content. Furthermore, different sizes of scratchpad memories result in the need to modify the source code of the application. In this article, we propose the use of a scratchpad memory in a multi-core architecture which alleviates these disadvantages. We added the scratchpad to an architecture consisting of 4 cores, reducing the size of L2 cache in order to give chip area to the scratchpad memory. We evaluated our proposed design by executing the NAS Parallel Benchmark (NPB) applications in a simulator. We improved performance by up to 45% compared to the base architecture, reducing cache invalidations by up to 85%.
Process Migration: Controlling Application and Resource Dynamics by Combining Computation, Communication and Memory Metrics
Authors: Graebin Lucas , Righi Rodrigo da Rosa , Navaux Philippe Olivier Alexandre
Published: February 2022

In this paper we present MigBSP, a rescheduling model that acts on Bulk Synchronous Parallel applications. It combines the metrics Computation, Communication and Memory to make migration decisions on Computation Grids. MigBSP also offers efficient adaptations to reduce its own overhead. Additionally, MigBSP is infrastructure and application independent and tries to handle dynamicity on both levels. MigBSP’s results show performance gains of up to 16% on dynamic environments while maintaining a small overhead when migrations do not take place.
Improved Parallel Implementations of Gusfield’s Cut Tree Algorithm
Authors: Cohen Jaime , Rodrigues Luiz A. , Duarte Jr. Elias P.
Published: February 2022

This work presents parallel versions of Gusfield’s cut tree algorithm and the proposal of two heuristics aimed at improving their performance. Cut trees are a compact representation of the edge-connectivity between every pair of vertices of an undirected graph. Cut trees have a vast number of applications in combinatorial optimization and in the analysis of networks originated in many applied fields. However, surprisingly few works have been published on the practical performance of cut tree algorithms. This paper describes two parallel versions of Gusfield’s cut tree algorithm and presents extensive experimental results which show a significant speedup on most real and synthetic graphs in our dataset.
Das Planspiel als Methode der Europabildung im Kontext der Jugendarbeit
Authors: Görtler Michael
Published: February 2022

Die Bedeutung von Europa für junge Menschen nimmt seit der Gründung der Europäischen Union kontinuierlich zu. Das Planspiel als Methode der politischen Bildung stellt eine Möglichkeit dar, um das soziale und politische Lernen der Jugendlichen im Kontext europabezogener Fragestellungen zu fördern.
Freiwilligenagenturen in Deutschland
Authors: Speck Karsten , Backhaus-Maul Holger , Krohn Maud , Stauvermann Lara
Published: February 2022

Freiwilligenagenturen sind auch nach Jahrzehnten immer noch eine relative junge Organisationsform im weiten Feld von freiwilligem Engagement und traditionsreichem Ehrenamt.
Europäische Sozialpolitik
Authors: Bertram Jan
Published: February 2022

Im Zentrum eines sozialen Europas steht die europäische Sozialpolitik. Allerdings scheint der ganz große Wurf in diesem Bereich bislang ausgeblieben zu sein. Grund dafür ist ein ständiges Spannungsfeld, in welchem sich dieses Politikfeld bewegt; es erfordert einerseits ein kooperatives Zusammenwirken der Mitgliedsstaaten, die jedoch zugleich in einem ständigen Konkurrenz- und Wettbewerbsverhältnis zueinander stehen.
Die Entwicklung der haftungsrechtlichen Beurteilung von Arbeitskämpfen
Authors: Kipp Theresa
Published: February 2022

For as long as there have been industrial disputes, the question has arisen as to whether trade unions and employees are liable for the damage incurred and, if so, on what grounds and under what conditions they can be held liable by the employer. This volume focuses on the development of the assessment of industrial disputes under liability law. The study begins at the start of the 20th century and continues up to the present. The period of National Socialism is not included. Although the entire period was governed by the German Civil Code (BGB), there were far-reaching changes in the principles of liability law for industrial disputes, which are elaborated in this volumes.
Effect of Diabetes Distress and Self-care Activities on the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Akbari Fatemeh , Molavynejad Shahram , Rokhafroz Dariush , Sharif Nia Hamid
Published: February 2022

Background: Diabetes has debilitating and dangerous effects on any of the vital organs in the body. Its impact on quality of life, as well as the variables that impact it, is of great importance. Objectives: This study was conducted to design a structural equation model of the effect of diabetes distress and self-care activities on the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 398 patients with T2DM referred to medical centers affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2020; they were selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection tools included the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID) used to identify depression and emotional stress associated with diabetes, Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life 19 (ADDQoL-19) used to assess the physical, mental, and social status of patients, and Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities used to evaluate the self-care behaviors of diabetic patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, Hayes PROCESS macro version 3.5, and path analysis regression. Results: The mean scores of diabetes distress, self-care activities, and quality of life were 3.69 ± 12.39, 65.57 ± 12.11, and 56.94 ± 18.62, respectively. Path analysis regression showed that for every 1-unit increase in the score of diabetes distress, quality of life decreased by 0.249, and for every 1-unit increase in the score of self-care activities, quality of life increased by 0.183 (P < 0.001). Also, for every 1-unit increase in the score of self-care activities, diabetes distress increased by 0.138 (P < 0.006). Conclusions: This study showed that T2DM patients who engaged in more diabetes self-care activities had a higher health-related quality of life. Also, patients with higher levels of diabetes-specific emotional distress have a lower health-related quality of life. Training on identifying and reducing the factors affecting distress and those promoting self-care behaviors in diabetic patients is highly recommended.
Polanyi and Kahneman and on Judging and Deciding
Authors: Moodey Richard W. ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: February 2022

Similarities between what Michael Polanyi and Daniel Kahneman wrote about the acts of judging and deciding are partly the result of taking seriously the findings of Gestalt psychology. Both men treat acts of judging and deciding as analogous to acts of perceiving. This similarity is the reason that the differences between Kahneman and Polanyi are mostly complementary, rather than contradictory. Among the things Polanyians can contribute to the interdisciplinary field of judgment and decision making are commitment, the from-to structure, and the image of leaping across a logical gap. Among the things Polanyians can learn from Kahneman is a pragmatic distinction between judging and deciding, a distinction between fast and slow thinking, and a heightened awareness of the many ways tacit heuristics and biases lead to mistaken judgments and bad decisions.