bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lipocalin 2 could predict circulating MMP9 levels in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Bahrun Uleng , Wildana Wildana , Rahmawati Hegaria , Kurniawan Liong Boy , Hamdani William
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer is the most prevalent carcinoma found in Indonesian women, and its incidence remains high worldwide. Lipocalin 2 has been linked with the progression of breast cancer. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is an enzyme that has an important role in angiogenesis. We investigated the relationship between lipocalin 2 and MMP9 and the ability of lipocalin 2 for predicting MMP9 levels in female patients with breast cancer. METHOD: A total of 55 female patients with breast cancer were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Lipocalin 2 and MMP9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Lipocalin 2 was significantly correlated with MMP9 levels (r = 0.756, p < 0.001). Lipocalin 2 levels could describe the MMP9 levels (𝛽 = 0.76, p < 0.001, R2 = 56.9%). CONCLUSION: Higher lipocalin 2 levels in female patients with breast cancer indicate higher MMP9 levels. Lipocalin 2 can be used to predict MMP9 levels.
Polypharmacy and Cognition Function Among Rural Adults
Authors: Rasu Rafia S. , Shrestha Nistha , Karpes Matusevich Aliza R. , Zalmai Rana , Large Stephanie , Johnson Leigh , O’Bryant Sid E.
Published: May 2021

Background: Polypharmacy (using≥5 medications) is associated with poor health outcomes. Mixed results from past studies surrounding chronic medication use, control of chronic conditions, and their effects on cognitive performance warrant further attention. Objective: Investigate a link between polypharmacy and cognition function in rural-dwelling adults in Texas, USA. Methods: Project FRONTIER (Facing Rural Obstacles to Healthcare Now Through Intervention, Education & Research) is a cross-sectional epidemiological study using community-based participatory research in three counties of Texas. Residents age > 40 were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome is cognitive impairment, and exposures of interest are polypharmacy; comorbidities; and diabetes, hypertension, and depression medication. Logistic regression was used to assess association. Results: Six hundred eighty-nine individuals participated; the mean age was 61, and the majority were female (68.7%).The median number of medications taken by participants was 3.3 (IQR: 0–5); the rate of polypharmacy was 29.6%. Anti-hypertensive agents were the most common medications (15%) used. Polypharmacy users were 2.84 times more likely to have cognitive impairment [OR: 2.84, 95%CI (1.32–6.09)] than those using < 5 medications. Participants on hypertensive medications had 1.85 times higher odds [OR: 1.85, 95%CI (1.14–3.01)] of having cognitive impairment than those who did not have cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Polypharmacy increases the odds of cognitive impairment. The odds of presenting with cognitive impairment increased as the number of medications increased. Additionally, we identified a large, concerning number of participants with pharmacotherapy and poor chronic disease management. A larger study should examine medication adherence among rural elders to manage chronic disease and any healthcare barriers to adherence.
Neurotrophic Treatment Initiated During Early Postnatal Development Prevents the Alzheimer-Like Behavior and Synaptic Dysfunction
Authors: Wei Wei , Liu Yinghua , Dai Chun-Ling , Baazaoui Narjes , Tung Yunn Chyn , Liu Fei , Iqbal Khalid
Published: May 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impairments in synaptic plasticity and cognitive performance. Cognitive dysfunction and loss of neuronal plasticity are known to begin decades before the clinical diagnosis of the disease. The important influence of congenital genetic mutations on the early development of AD provides a novel opportunity to initiate treatment during early development to prevent the Alzheimer-like behavior and synaptic dysfunction. Objective: To explore strategies for early intervention to prevent Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: In the present study, we investigated the effect of treatment during early development with a ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) derived peptidergic compound, P021 (Ac-DGGLAG-NH2) on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in 3xTg-AD transgenic mouse model of AD. 3xTg-AD and genetic background-matched wild type female mice were treated from birth to postnatal day 120 with P021 in diet or as a control with vehicle diet, and cognitive function and molecular markers of neuroplasticity were evaluated. Results: P021 treatment during early development prevented cognitive impairment and increased expressions of pCREB and BDNF that activated downstream various signaling cascades such as PLC/PKC, MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, and ameliorated synaptic protein deficit in 4-month-old 3xTg-AD mice. Conclusion: These findings indicate that treatment with the neurotrophic peptide mimetic such as P021 during early development can be an effective therapeutic strategy to rescue synaptic deficit and cognitive impairment in familial AD and related tauopathies.
The Effects of Mean of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure on Incident Brain Vascular Lesions and Functional-Cognitive Decline
Authors: Gyanwali Bibek , Cai Celestine Xue Ting , Chen Christopher , Vrooman Henri , Tan Chuen Seng , Hilal Saima
Published: May 2021

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) is an underlying cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. Hypertension is a known risk factor of CeVD, but the effects of mean of visit-to-visit blood pressure (BP) on incident CeVD and functional-cognitive decline remains unclear. Objective: To determine the association between mean of visit-to-visit BP with the incidence and progression of CeVD [white matter hyperintensities (WMH), infarcts (cortical infarcts and lacunes), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), intracranial stenosis, and hippocampal volume] as well as functional-cognitive decline over 2 years of follow-up. Methods: 373 patients from a memory-clinic underwent BP measurements at baseline, year 1, and year 2. The mean of visit-to-visit systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure were calculated. Baseline and year 2 MRI scans were graded for WMH, infarcts, CMBs, intracranial stenosis, and hippocampal volume. Functional-cognitive decline was assessed using locally validated protocol. Logistic and linear regression models with odds ratios, mean difference, and 95%confidence interval were constructed to analyze associations of visit-to-visit BP on CeVD incidence and progression as well as functional-cognitive decline. Results: Higher mean of visit-to-visit diastolic BP was associated with WMH progression. Higher tertiles of diastolic BP was associated with WMH progression and incident CMBs. There was no association between mean of visit-to-visit BP measures with incident cerebral infarcts, intracranial stenosis, change in hippocampal volume, and functional-cognitive decline. Conclusion: These findings suggest the possibility of hypertension-related vascular brain damage. Careful monitoring and management of BP in elderly patients is essential to reduce the incidence and progression of CeVD.
Safety risk assessment intelligent system for on-foot construction worker using fuzzy fault tree
Authors: Mahmood Nabeel , Qin Rongjun , Butalia Tarunjit Singh
Published: May 2021

A risk assessment model is developed to estimate the potential combined influence of concurrent safety risks facing on-foot construction worker at a certain point in space or instant of time. The model is based on a holistic approach that comprehensively systemizes principal types and subjective values of possible safety risk events. Fuzzy fault tree is built using a deductive approach to identify possible concurrent basic and conditional risk events, not risk symptoms, from the major subgroups of triggering, enabling and environment-related risks. The inclusive risk breakdown structure helps in combating assessment underestimation related to overlooking influential risks. Adequate logic gates are suggested at tree junctions to overcome assessment overestimation related to accumulating the effect of dependent, redundant, and non-concurrent risks, and ignoring the effectiveness of safety precautions and measures that may reduce or eliminate risks. Operational logic gates are applied to properly combine the residual risk of static (non-moving) events and dynamic (moving) events that can concurrently influence safety. The model is programmed into an interactive interfaced intelligent system to simulate cases of risk assessment input, computations, and output. The system shows the advantages of using the model as a prognostic or diagnostic tool to estimate top risk event. Subjective linguistic risk values can be induced for basic risk events at the bottom of the tree, and conditional risk events controlling residual risk values can be induced at different levels of the tree. Fuzzy logic plays a key role in hosting subjective risk evaluation into computational truth values to generate realistic and meaningful assessment values that are helpful for risk control.
Significance analysis of influencing factors of highway freight transportation in China and multi-variable grey prediction for its development
Authors: Wang Lu
Published: May 2021

With the prosperity of national economy and the development of highway construction, highway freight transportation plays an increasingly important role in the market economy. Due to its great flexible characteristic, highway freight transportation has been the main mode of transportation in China. On the macro level, there are many factors affecting the development of highway freight transportation especially under the background of the new era. Based on the historical data of the development of highway freight transportation, grey entropy analysis method is applied to analyze the significance of influencing factors for the development of highway freight transportation whose key indicator is highway freight turnover. Then GM (1, N) model is established to predict the development trend of highway freight turnover and its significant influencing factors. Finally, main problems existing in highway freight transportation and development prospect were discussed and analyzed. The research results show that the three most significant factors affecting the development of road freight turnover in China are the total state revenue, GDP and average distance of highway freight. The established GM (1, N) model can conduct high precision prediction for the development of highway freight transportation. Opportunities and challenges of highway freight transportation industry coexist and its development prospect is promising. It is expected to provide beneficial references for the development strategy and decision-making of highway freight transportation in China.
A method of query expansion based on topic models and user profile for search in folksonomy
Authors: Gou Zhinan , Li Yan
Published: May 2021

With the development of the web 2.0 communities, information retrieval has been widely applied based on the collaborative tagging system. However, a user issues a query that is often a brief query with only one or two keywords, which leads to a series of problems like inaccurate query words, information overload and information disorientation. The query expansion addresses this issue by reformulating each search query with additional words. By analyzing the limitation of existing query expansion methods in folksonomy, this paper proposes a novel query expansion method, based on user profile and topic model, for search in folksonomy. In detail, topic model is constructed by variational antoencoder with Word2Vec firstly. Then, query expansion is conducted by user profile and topic model. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated by a real dataset. Evaluation results show that the proposed method outperforms the baseline methods.
Research on the strategy of intelligent analysis to improve sports person psychological experience in the era of artificial intelligence
Authors: Wu Lei , Wang Juan , Jin Long , Hemalatha P. , Premalatha R
Published: May 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an excellent potential technology that is evolving day-to-day and a critical avenue for exploration in the world of computer science & engineering. Owing to the vast volume of data and the eventual need to turn this data into usable knowledge and realistic solutions, artificial intelligence approaches and methods have gained substantial prominence in the knowledge economy and community world in general. AI revolutionizes and raises athletics to an entirely different level. Although it is clear that analytics and predictive research have long played a vital role in sports, AI has a massive effect on how games are played, structured, and engaged by the public. Apart from these, AI helps to analyze the mental stability of the athletes. This research proposes the Artificial Intelligence assisted Effective Monitoring System (AIEMS) for the specific intelligent analysis of sports people’s psychological experience. The comparative analysis suggests the best AI strategies for analyzing mental stability using different criteria and resource factors. It is observed that the growth in the present incarnation indicates a promising future concerning AI use in elite athletes. The study ends with the predictive efficiency of particular AI approaches and procedures for further predictive analysis focused on retrospective methods. The experimental results show that the proposed AIEMS model enhances the athlete performance ratio of 98.8%, emotion state prediction of 95.7%, accuracy ratio of 97.3%, perception level of 98.1%, and reduces the anxiety and depression level of 15.4% compared to other existing models.
Sports person psychological behaviour signal analysis during Thfeir activity session
Authors: Zhang Yu , Kumar Priyan Malarvizhi , Manickam Adhiyaman
Published: May 2021

Mental well-being is a significant resource for athletes about their success and growth. Athletes are now facing additional risk factors in mental health in the sporting community, such as heavy workout loads, rough races, and demanding lifestyles. The great difficulty is to diagnose conditions and acquire sport and exercise features that contribute to daily or long-term practice to detrimental emotional reactions. In this paper, the sports activity session monitoring system (SASMS) has been proposed using wearable devices and EEG signal by monitoring the sports person’s heart rate and psychological behaviour. The proposed SASMS mental-health analysis focused on model spectrum forms representing the best results, mental illness, and mental health. The paper’s key conclusions concerned with the athletes’ performance, occupational and personal advancement of athletes in mental health problems, strategies intended to track and sustain athletes’ mental health, and outflow of different mental illness types. This research’s findings provide the basis for implementing actions that promote a healthy emotional state in the sport to enhance activity and fitness.
Design and implementation of computer aided resource management system for dance teaching
Authors: Huang Peng
Published: May 2021

Traditional teaching methods are limited to time and place, and the performance of dance teaching resources management is poor. Design a computer-assisted dance teaching resource management system. The functional structure of the system includes core computer-assisted teaching and teaching management applications. The data management module is used to store the processed data in data files, and the dance teaching content release module retrieves requests and multimedia. The remote image resource location request of the management module responds to the feedback. In order to improve the management of computer-aided dance teaching resources, this article takes dance robots as the research object, takes dance video information as input, uses deep learning methods to estimate the human body posture in the video, and obtains the key point position coordinates of the human body; The inverse kinematics calculation of the robot obtains the angle values of each joint of the robot, and the angle values of the lower body joints are adjusted to maintain the balance of the robot. In addition, this paper also proposes a method to automatically generate robot dance sequence. Gated cyclic unit (GRU) network is used to learn the correlation between the global characteristics of music and dance gesture relationship characteristics, the correlation between music local characteristics and dance movement density characteristics, and then combine the dance movement graphs to sample and plan Robot dance moves synchronized with the beat. Experimental results show that whether it is robot dance movement imitation or dance movement generation, it can improve the computer-aided management of dance teaching.
Effects of Alpha-Synuclein Targeted Antisense Oligonucleotides on Lewy Body-Like Pathology and Behavioral Disturbances Induced by Injections of Pre-Formed Fibrils in the Mouse Motor Cortex
Authors: Boutros Sydney Weber , Raber Jacob , Unni Vivek K.
Published: May 2021

Background: Alpha-synuclein (αsyn) characterizes neurodegenerative diseases known as synucleinopathies. The phosphorylated form (psyn) is the primary component of protein aggregates known as Lewy bodies (LBs), which are the hallmark of diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Synucleinopathies might spread in a prion-like fashion, leading to a progressive emergence of symptoms over time. αsyn pre-formed fibrils (PFFs) induce LB-like pathology in wild-type (WT) mice, but questions remain about their progressive spread and their associated effects on behavioral performance. Objective: To characterize the behavioral, cognitive, and pathological long-term effects of LB-like pathology induced after bilateral motor cortex PFF injection in WT mice and to assess the ability of mouse αsyn-targeted antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to ameliorate those effects. Methods: We induced LB-like pathology in the motor cortex and connected brain regions of male WT mice using PFFs. Three months post-PFF injection (mpi), we assessed behavioral and cognitive performance. We then delivered a targeted ASO via the ventricle and assessed behavioral and cognitive performance 5 weeks later, followed by pathological analysis. Results: At 3 and 6 mpi, PFF-injected mice showed mild, progressive behavioral deficits. The ASO reduced total αsyn and psyn protein levels, and LB-like pathology, but was also associated with some deleterious off-target effects not involving lowering of αsyn, such as a decline in body weight and impairments in motor function. Conclusions: These results increase understanding of the progressive nature of the PFF model and support the therapeutic potential of ASOs, though more investigation into effects of ASO-mediated reduction in αsyn on brain function is needed.
Overtaking in Formula 1 during the Pirelli era: A driver-level analysis
Authors: de Groote Jesper
Published: May 2021

The introduction of DRS and rapidly-degrading tires in 2011 boosted on-track overtaking levels in Formula 1 to unprecedented highs. Since then, overtaking has steadily decreased again, culminating in a 60-percent reduction in 2017. In this paper, using a Poisson model on individual-level overtaking data from 2011 to 2018, it was found that about half the decrease can be attributed to the cars, 20 to 30 percent to the reduction in field size and about 20 percent to more uniform race strategies.
PBRM1 Mutations as a Predictive Biomarker for Immunotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dias Carneiro André Paternò Castello , Marques Monteiro Fernando Sabino , Soares Andrey
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Genomic features linked to prediction of response to immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are still lacking. Protein polybromo-1 (PBRM1) mutations have been studied as a potential biomarker of clinical benefit, with conflicting published data so far.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

This systematic review was guided by the standards of the PRISMA statement to identify studies involving mRCC, immunotherapy and mutations in PBRM1. The main objective was to assess the relationship between PBRM1 mutations and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with mRCC.

RESULTS:

After an initial search that identified 422 studies, 8 studies met the eligibility criteria and were selected for the final analysis. Data are included from 2 trials in the first-line treatment setting, and 6 trials in second- or later treatment lines evaluating the relationship between the presence of PBRM1 mutations and clinical benefit (CB) with ICI treatment. Regarding the first-line treatment setting, the analysis of both studies failed to show any CB in patients with PBRM1 mutations treated with ICI. However, for the second- and later treatment lines, the results were mixed.

CONCLUSIONS:

PBRM1 mutations may be a potential genomic biomarker to predict response to ICI treatment in patients with mRCC, mainly in second- and later treatment lines, but the existence of conflicting data in the literature highlights an important bias in the studies and the need for additional clinical validation in large, prospective trials.
Is regression gain or instantaneous gain the most reliable and reproducible gain value when performing video head impulse testing of the lateral semicircular canals?
Authors: Jacobsen Chris L. , Abrahamsen Emil R. , Skals Regitze K. , Hougaard Dan D.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Several different video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) systems exist. The function of each individual semicircular canal (SCC) may be determined by performing this test. All vHIT systems provide information about the function of the vestibular ocular reflex by means of two modalities: SACCADES and GAIN. However, different gain calculation methods exist. OBJECTIVE: Primary endpoint: • Is instantaneous gain or regression gain the most reproducible and reliable gain value when performing vHIT with testing of the lateral SCCs? Secondary endpoints: • Comparison of each of the instantaneous gain values at 40, 60, and 80ms with the regression gain. • Examination of any intra- and inter examiner variability. • Mean instantaneous gain values, and at different velocities, compared with regression gain values of the lateral SCCs. METHODS: 60 subjects between 18–65 years were included. All patients filled out the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) questionnaire and underwent four separate vHIT tests, two by an experienced neurotologist and two by an inexperienced examiner. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: 240 datasets were obtained, displaying both regression and instantaneous gain values. Regression gain was more reproducible than instantaneous gain. The experienced examiner provided the most reproducible results. When comparing instantaneous gain, we found the gain at 40 ms to be the least reproducible. There was no significant difference between 60 ms and 80 ms.For both examiners no significant intra examiner variability was found.
Considerações sobre os desafios jurídicos do uso da inteligência artificial na medicina
Authors: Lucas Luciana Berbigier , Santos Denise Oliveira dos
Published: May 2021

A Inteligência Artificial na medicina possibilita que uma quantidade grande de dados seja analisada com altos índices de precisão e em curto espaço de tempo. Todavia, por se tratar de uma tecnologia sem precedentes e que evolui a cada dia, a Ciência do Direito precisa se adaptar para lidar com a demanda jurídica decorrente dessa nova realidade. Utilizando o método de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, o presente trabalho analisa aspectos relevantes sobre a responsabilização pelos atos de Inteligência Artificial na medicina identificando as principais características das tecnologias que operam através do uso da Inteligência Artificial, refletindo sobre o tema na área médica e analisando a responsabilização por eventuais danos causados. Verificou-se que a utilização de Inteligência Artificial envolve riscos que devem ser ponderados face aos benefícios que possa proporcionar, sobretudo diante da insegurança jurídica que a temática apresenta, já que no Brasil inexiste legislação específica sobre o tema.
Quantum Entanglement Nature of Relativity of Angular Momentum and Inertia of Rotating Bodies
Authors: Lagutin Boris
Published: May 2021

In this experimental paper (preprint), the author analyzes how relativity of angular momentum and of inertia of rotating bodies may work physically (not mathematically). For example, all bodies, including astronauts, inside the International Space Station, have colossal moments of Inertia and colossal angular momentums which are physical properties of rotating bodies. These physical properties both depend on radii of rotation. All orbital trajectories have very large radii of rotation. However, the astronauts can easily move any bodies inside the International Space Station despite their colossal angular momentums and colossal moments of Inertia. The astronauts' capability to overcome the colossal inertial resistance of the bodies in the International Space Station is explained by relativity of angular momentum and of moment of Inertia. The relativity of the momentum and of the inertia of the bodies inside the International Space Station is just a statement. However, it is unclear how such relativity may work physically. Namely, it is not explained what exactly physically happens with the astronauts' bodies and other bodies so that the astronauts can easily move themselves and other bodies inside the International Space Station. An experiment described in this paper is aimed to understand what happens with not only astronauts' bodies but also other bodies which rotate relatively to each other. Notice that making mathematical manipulations like canceling out variables, for example a variable symbolizing a rotational radius, in physical equations does not remove such physical properties as angular momentum and moment of Inertia.
Estimativa da produção de etanol a partir de biomassas lignocelulósicas pré-tratadas com peróxido de hidrogênio
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Paula Leidiane de
Published: May 2021

The objective of this work was to compare pre-treatments with hydrogen peroxide at 1 and 2% (v/v) and pH at 11.5 used in elephant-grass (EC), mulatto-grass (HD364) lignocellulosic biomass, bark of rice (CA) and leaves of the pineapple (AB) plant to estimate the production of second-generation ethanol (2G). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4x2 factorial scheme with four replicates per treatment. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed with the pretreated biomasses using Cellic/CTec2 enzyme. 7 ml of the hydrolyzed material and 0.14 g of non-isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast were used. After this dilution the material was taken to a styrofoam oven and measured at the temperature and volume of the gas produced at the time of 0,04; 0,08; 0,2; 0,63; 0,92; 1,19; 1,93; 2,19; 2,82; 3,15; 3,94 hours post-incubation. The results showed that the observed differences between the pretreatments influenced the yield in 2G ethanol differently between the biomasses, being the CE that presented the best yield, however, when evaluating the yield by the peroxide content within each biomass, both AB and EC showed no differences between pre-treatments. HD364 had better yield with 1% peroxide and CA with 2% peroxide.
Estimation of efficiency of measurement of digital camera photosensor noise by automatic segmentation of non-uniform target method and the standard EMVA 1288
Authors: Evtikhiev Nickolay N. , Kozlov Alexander V. , Krasnov Vitaly V. , Rodin Vladislav G. , Starikov Rostislav S. , Cheremkhin Pavel A.
Published: May 2021

In this paper important task of estimation of digital camera’s noise parameters is considered. Relation of accuracy of data obtained with digital camera and photosensor noise is discussed. Both standard European machine vision association EMVA 1288 and fast automatic segmentation of non-uniform target (ASNT) noise estimation methods are compared. Noise characteristics of machine vision PixeLink PL-B781F, scientific Retiga R6 and amateur mirrorless Canon EOS M100 cameras have been investigated. Accuracy of measurements, speed of calculation and experimental realization has been analyzed. Accuracy of temporal noise estimation by modified ASNT method is no less than that one for standard EMVA 1288. But the ASNT method can be implemented much faster than the standard EMVA 1288 even with additional frames for accuracy improvement.
Transformation functions in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Sadagov Yuri M. , Levin Alexander D. , Biryukova Irina V.
Published: May 2021

The problem of calibration of an analytical instrument and analysis procedure with an unknown composition and origin of the analyzed sample are considered. The transformation functions of the Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometer with electrothermal atomization have been investigated. The method for establishing a two-parameter transformation function of the spectrometer using a single calibration sample is proposed and the possibility of measuring the analyte concentration in a real sample using the refined transformation function of the spectrometer is considered.
Regulation of fish resources rational using on the territory of the NNP “BUG GARD”
Authors: Burhaz M. І. , Matviienko T. I. , Soborova O. M. , Sydorak R. V. , Sydorak R. V. , Bezyk K. І. , Lichna A. І. , Kudelina O. Y.
Published: May 2021

Today on the territory of Ukraine there are 40 national nature parks which include the NNP “Bug Gard”. One of the main tasks of the NNP is to preserve the valuable natural objects and to develop the scientific recommendations for protecting the environment and using the natural resources efficiently. Modern poaching, with its mass, technical armament, impunity and constant rapid growth, poses a serious threat to the national security of Ukraine. Significant damage to fishing and fish farming on the territory of the NNP “Bug Gard” is caused by the actions of poachers. During the functioning of the NNP “Bug Gard” the State Protection Service constantly conducts inspections and patrols the territory of the park to identify and to stop violations of the environmental legislation. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the fish protection measures carrying out in the Bug National Nature Park by the State Protection Service has been assessed. Annually the State Protection Service of the NNP “Bug Gard” conducts on average of 120 activities to identify environmental offenses, practices the explanatory talks, on average, 600 conversations per year, which are aimed at clarifying the environmental legislation in the field of fauna and flora protection, as well as it constantly informs the public through the media about the individual cases of poaching in order to further preventing the environmental offenses. Annually, an average of 1.000 leaflets with the fire safety rules on the territory of the NNP and with the environmental issues were produced and distributed among the population and the visitors of the park. It is established that, according to the analysis, the State Protection Service of the NNP “Bug Gard” carries out the effective measures in the field of fish resources conserving and rational using in the area of its responsibility, carries out a widespread waste water pollution control in the water bodies, creates the conditions for normal fish reproduction and keeps a track of environmental and fishing offenses, which not only preserves the flora and fauna, but also compensates the damage caused by the actions of poachers and other violators.
Le travail analogue à l’esclavisione dans l’industrie textile brésilienne
Authors: Neto Dalk Dias Salomão , Sousa Nicole Moreira Faria , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: May 2021

L’institut de l’esclavage est présent dans l’humanité depuis le début de l’existence de l’être humain. L’esclavage au Brésil a soutenu l’économie pendant des siècles. Des millions d’Africains ont été enlevés de leur patrie et placés dans des conditions de vie et de travail dégradantes. Le processus d’abolition de l’esclavage a été long et graduel. Il y a eu des siècles de lutte et de souffrance pour que le monde commence à réaliser le mal que représente l’esclavage. Même après l’abolition de l’esclavage, il était courant de voir le travailleur pris au piège sur le terrain par des dettes, ou par des lois qui habilitaient les employeurs par rapport à l’employé. L’objectif de cette recherche était d’analyser les conditions de travail analogues à l’esclave dans l’industrie textile brésilienne. Il a été réalisé avec revue bibliographique et analyse qualitative. En raison de ses nouveaux vêtements, le travail des esclaves contemporain est devenu invisible pendant un certain temps. Les facteurs qui rendent possible de commettre ce crime, même si aujourd’hui, il est essentiellement lié à un trépied: l’impunité, la pauvreté et le profit. La situation de misère de la population la plus nécessiteuse les oblige à subir des types de travail dans des conditions sous-humaines. Ces travailleurs du textile sont principalement des immigrants d’Amérique latine voisine et sous-développée. Le Brésil a été l’un des premiers pays au monde à reconnaître ce type de travail, et celui, conjointement avec l’Organisation internationale du Travail (OIT) et les entités ostréicoles non gouvernementales, cherchent à lutter contre ces pratiques criminelles sur leur territoire.
Simile lavorare come schiavo nell’industria tessile brasiliana
Authors: Neto Dalk Dias Salomão , Sousa Nicole Moreira Faria , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: May 2021

L’istituto della schiavitù è presente nell’umanità fin dall’inizio dell’esistenza dell’essere umano. La schiavitù in Brasile ha sostenuto l’economia per secoli. Milioni di africani sono stati prelevati dalla loro patria e collocati in condizioni degradanti di vita e di lavoro. Il processo di abolizione della schiavitù fu lungo e graduale. Ci sono stati secoli di molta lotta e sofferenza per il mondo per iniziare a rendersi conto del male che la schiavitù rappresenta. Anche dopo l’abolizione della schiavitù era comune vedere il lavoratore intrappolato sul campo dai debiti, o da leggi che autorizzavano i datori di lavoro in relazione al dipendente. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca era quello di analizzare le condizioni di lavoro analoghe a quanto schiavizzate nell’industria tessile brasiliana. È stato realizzato con revisione bibliografica e analisi qualitativa. A causa dei suoi nuovi vestiti il lavoro schiavo contemporaneo divenne invisibile per qualche tempo. I fattori che rendono possibile commettere questo crimine, anche se oggi è fondamentalmente legato a un treppiede: impunità, povertà e profitto. La situazione di miseria della popolazione più bisognosa li costringe a subire tipi di lavoro in condizioni subumane. Questi lavoratori tessili sono principalmente immigrati provenienti da paesi vicini e sottosviluppati dall’America Latina. Il Brasile è stato uno dei primi paesi al mondo a riconoscere questo tipo di lavoro, e che insieme all’Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro (OIT) e alle entità non governative ostriche cercano di combattere tale pratica criminale sul loro territorio.
Gestión de recursos públicos y evaluación: un binomio inseparable
Authors: Herrero Sánchez Cristina
Published: May 2021

Políticas públicas bien diseñadas y convenientemente evaluadas mejoran el bienestar no solo económico, sino también la calidad institucional y democrática. El despliegue de abundantes recursos públicos en un corto espacio temporal para hacer frente a la pandemia otorga a la evaluación de las políticas públicas máxima actualidad. En este artículo se repasan experiencias internacionales destacadas en el ámbito de la evaluación de políticas públicas, se profundiza en el caso particular de las revisiones de gasto que realiza la AIReF y se apuntan los retos de evaluación asociados al Plan Nacional de Recuperación y Resiliencia.
Índice de Bienestar Económico Sostenible de España, ¿son compatibles bienestar y sostenibilidad?
Authors: O`Mahony Tadhg
Published: May 2021

El desafío de la sostenibilidad ha impulsado la búsqueda de indicadores económicos

alternativos, como el ĺndice de Bienestar Económico Sostenible (ISEW). Este indicador comienza

con el gasto en consumo, y a partir de ahí añade o sustrae, dependiendo de casos, otras variables

que se consideran importantes para el bienestar y la sostenibilidad. El artículo reflexiona sobre

el primer ISEW calculado para España, comparándolo con los datos de otros indicadores de

desarrollo. Los resultados demuestran que, a pesar de décadas de crecimiento económico, los

beneficios para el bienestar del ciudadano medio han sido escasos. Sobre esa base, se discuten

los usos y limitaciones del ISEW, junto con los avances recientes en la medición y comprensión

del progreso, el bienestar y la sostenibilidad.
Las bases materiales del desarrollo económico en España (1860-2016). Un estudio desde el metabolismo social
Authors: Infante-Amate Juan , Vila Jaume , Aguilera Eduardo , Sanjuán Ángel , Oropesa Felipe , González de Molina Manuel
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo presentamos una serie histórica de los indicadores de extracción, comercio

y uso de materiales recogidos en la metodología de la Contabilidad del Flujo de Materiales,

un sistema armonizado internacionalmente para cuantificar el uso de recursos a nivel regional.

Con los resultados obtenidos analizamos la transición al metabolismo industrial en España,

observando: i) un rápido aumento en el consumo de materiales (se cuadruplican en términos

per cápita) y en la transición al uso de recursos no renovables, especialmente entre 1960 y 2007;

ii) transición de exportador neto (hasta c. 1930) a importador neto (desde c. 1960); iii) continuada

caída de la intensidad material; y iv) fuerte caída en el uso de materiales tras la Gran Recesión.
Indicadores de agua incorporada y actividad económica desde la perspectiva de la producción y el consumo: un análisis temporal para la economía española
Authors: Duarte Rosa , Pinilla Vicente , Serrano Ana
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un conjunto de indicadores económico-ambientales que den cuenta del impacto que las relaciones de producción, consumo y comercio de la economía española ejercen sobre el medio ambiente y, en particular, sobre los recursos hídricos. Con este objetivo, se utiliza la modelización input-output multirregional extendida ambientalmente, y se presentan indicadores de agua incorporada en la producción y la demanda de la economía. Posteriormente, y tomando como como referencia el horizonte 1995-2016, se evalúa el consumo de agua en España asociado a la estructura productiva y sectorial del país, y a sus vínculos internacionales a través de las cadenas de producción mundial.
Does salinity have an influence on the diversity and structure of the wintering waterbirds of the Saharan wetlands in Algeria?
Authors: Khirani–Betrouche F. , Moulaï R.
Published: May 2021

Between 2017 and 2019, 42 species of wintering waterbirds were recorded in the wetland complex of the Oued Righ valley in the Algerian Sahara. The intersite amplitudes of salinity explained the variations in species richness and distribution of waterbirds in the various wetlands studied. Oligohaline (0.5-5 ‰) and mesohaline (5-18 ‰) environments, represented by Lake Ayata, Lake Sidi Khelil and Oued Kherouf, were the most favorable to Anatidae with the exception of the tadornes where their presence was noted in the euhaline (30-40 ‰) and hyperhaline stations (> 40 ‰). The presence of the greater flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus and the slender-billed gull Chroicocephalus genei stood out in the most holomorphic areas of the complex, such as Chott Merouane. Dataset published through GBIF (Doi: 10.15470/6fqd0h)
GORDOFOBIA NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR
Authors: Souza Valdelice Cruz da Silva , Gonçalves Josiane Peres
Published: May 2021

Analisando as percepções corporais ao longo do tempo, nota-se que estas sofreram diversas transformações durante o desenvolvimento da humanidade. À vista disto, este estudo tem o objetivo de descrever a trajetória histórica da percepção corporal até o surgimento do preconceito denominado gordofobia que atinge pessoas consideradas acima do peso, especificamente no contexto escolar. A pesquisa de cunho qualitativo se discorre a partir da revisão bibliográfica, tendo como eixo norteador a Teoria Histórico-Cultural que entende o homem em sua totalidade, inclusive, suas relações sociais. Considerou-se que a gordofobia é apreendida como signos, dando sentidos e significados negativos a pessoa gorda, ocorrendo em várias esferas sociais, profissional, econômico, inclusive o escolar, afetando principalmente o sexo feminino e o desenvolvimento das funções psíquicas dos alunos.
La identidad profesional médica: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Barragán Menchaca Olivia Liliana , Avalos Latorre María Luisa , Palos Toscano María Úrsula
Published: May 2021

La identidad profesional se conceptualiza desde la identidad individual, el contexto social y el contexto de la propia profesión. La construcción de la identidad médica ha sido poco abordada pese a que ella orienta y le otorga significado al ejercicio de la disciplina. De ahí la importancia de realizar una revisión de literatura para identificar el estado actual del conocimiento sobre la identidad profesional del médico. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de revisión de artículos de divulgación científica publicados del 2010 al 2019 en diversas bases de datos. Detectamos 55 artículos que hacían referencia a la construcción de la identidad profesional, sin embargo, sólo tres de ellos resultaron ser investigaciones empíricas en personal médico, los cuales, emplearon metodología cualitativa predominantemente y conciben la identidad profesional como un proceso de construcción social determinado por las motivaciones, los contextos sociales, y de los sentimientos individuales del médico.
An Educational Video For Earthquake Disaster Preparedness In Students At St. Aloysius Weetabula Christian Middle School, Southwest Sumba
Authors: Metrikayanto Wahyu Dini , Valabia Valabia Gonsalves
Published: May 2021

Bencana gempa bumi dapat memberikan dampak bahaya dan ancaman atau kerugian bagi masyarakat. Diperlukan upaya untuk mencegah dan meminimalisir dampak dari gempa bumi. Edukasi  kesiapsiagaan bencana dengan media video dinilai efektif dalam peningkatan kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi video kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi pada siswa SMPK St. Aloysius Weetabula Sumba Barat Daya. Desain penelitian menggunakan One-Group Pra-Post Test Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMPK St Aloysius Weetabula Sumba Barat Daya pada 25 februari – 6 Maret 2020. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 338 siswa – siswi di SMPK St Aloysius Weetabula Sumba Barat Daya dan sampel sejumlah 327 responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Variabel dependent dalam penelitian ini adalah kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi.  Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner. Analisa data bivariat yang digunakan yaitu uji marginal homogeneity (p value < 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum diberikan edukasi video kesiapiagaan bencana sebagian besar peserta (59,9%) memiliki kesiapsiagaan kurang sedangkan sesudah edukasi video, sebagian besar peserta (54,1%)  memiliki kesiapsiagaan baik. Hasil uji marginal homogeneity menunjukkan p value= (0,000).
Increments in DNA-thioguanine level during thiopurine-enhanced maintenance therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Larsen Rikke Hebo , Utke Rank Cecilie , Grell Kathrine , Nørgaard Møller Lisbeth , Malthe Overgaard Ulrik , Kampmann Peter , Nersting Jacob , Degn Matilda , Nygaard Nielsen Stine , Holst Helle , Klug Albertsen Birgitte , Skov Wehner Peder , Thude Callesen Michael , Kanerva Jukka , Leth Frandsen Thomas , Als-Nielsen Bodil , Lyngsie Hjalgrim Lisa , Schmiegelow Kjeld
Published: May 2021

Maintenance therapy containing methotrexate and 6-mercapto - purine is essential to cure acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Cytotoxicity is elicited by incorporation of thioguanine nucleotides into DNA (DNA-TG), and higher leukocyte DNA-TG is associated with increased relapse-free survival. As 6-thioguanine provides 6- fold higher cytosolic levels of thioguanine nucleotides than does 6- mercapto purine, we added low-dose 6-thioguanine to methotrexate/6- mercapto purine maintenance therapy to explore if this combination results in significantly higher DNA-TG. The target population of the “Thiopurine Enhanced ALL Maintenance therapy” (TEAM) study was 30 patients with non-high-risk ALL, aged 1-45 years on methotrexate/6-mercaptopurine maintenance therapy receiving no other systemic chemotherapy. Incremental doses of 6-thioguanine were added to methotrexate/6-mercaptopurine maintenance therapy (starting 6-thioguanine dose: 2.5 mg/m2/day, maximum: 12.5 mg/m2/day). The primary endpoint was DNA-TG increments. Thirty-four patients were included, and 30 patients completed maintenance therapy according to the TEAM strategy. Of these 30 patients, 26 (87%) tolerated 10.0-12.5 mg/m2/day as the maximum 6-thioguanine dose. TEAM resulted in significantly higher DNA-TG levels compared to those in both TEAM patients before their inclusion in TEAM (on average 251 fmol/mg DNA higher [95% confidence interval: 160-341; P<0.0001]), and with historical patients receiving standard methotrexate/6-mercapto - purine maintenance therapy (on average 272 fmol/mg DNA higher [95% confidence interval: 147-398; P<0.0001]). TEAM did not increase myelotoxicity or hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, TEAM is an innovative and feasible approach to improve maintenance therapy and results in higher DNA-TG levels without inducing additional toxicity. It may therefore be an effective strategy to reduce the risk of ALL relapse through increased DNA-TG. This will be tested in a randomized ALLTogether-1 substudy.