bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral corrective feedback as a formative assessment in teaching speaking skill
Authors: Mahmudah Siti , Anggunsari Pooja
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to investigate how teachers and students implement OCF in speaking for EFL students. This research aims at figuring out and reviewing the process, the implementation, and the preferences of teaching-learning in the classroom by applying a type of assessment; that is oral corrective feedback (OCF). English needs to have an assessment as it becomes crucial and affects students from the diagnostic test to the final test. Speaking is a skill that needs to be mastered by students, but it has a lot of challenges faced by foreign students. The term assessment means procedural steps conducted in educational systems to interview, observe, construct questions, review students’ work, and respond to students’ work. Assessment is broken down into two types, formative and summative assessment. Formative assessment is done during the teaching-learning process when the class is still running. Meanwhile, summative assessment happens at the end of the learning period, and it is the last judgment of the teachers. One of the formative assessments that is mostly used and applied is feedback. OCF becomes the focus of this research to improve the students’ speaking skills and to minimize their errors. This research applies library research to find out the use of OCF. It can be seen from the teachers’ feedback because the students will get their errors and try to correct them based on the feedback given by the teachers.
Sex differences in blood pressure, free radicals and plasma cholesterol fractions in Ren-2 transgenic rats of various ages
Authors: Rauchová H , Hojná S , Kadlecová M , Vaněčková I , Chao Y.-M. , Chan J.Y.H. , Zicha J
Published: May 2023

Sex-related cardiovascular differences were observed in humans as well as in experimental animals. Our previous study demonstrated a marked sexual dimorphism in blood pressure (BP) of 9-month-old heterozygous transgenic Ren 2 rats (TGR), in which mouse Ren-2 renin gene was inserted into the genome of normotensive Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats (HanSD). We found significantly elevated BP only in male TGR, whereas BP of TGR females was similar to that of HanSD females. The aim of our present study was to compare BP of 3- and 6-month-old heterozygous TGR with age- and sex-matched HanSD under the same conditions as we measured in 9-month-old rats. We also monitored the amount of oxidative stress marker, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and a main intracellular antioxidant, reduced glutathione in the heart, kidneys and liver. We also measured plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels. We found an increased mean arterial pressure in both female and male 3-month-old TGR (172±17 vs. 187±4 mm Hg, respectively) compared to HanSD (115±5 vs. 133±3 mm Hg, respectively) but there was a marked sexual dimorphism of 6 month-old TGR where only males were hypertensive (145±5 mm Hg) while females became normotensive (123±7 mm Hg). We did not find any relationship between BP values and concentrations of TBARS or glutathione or plasma lipid levels. Our results demonstrated that 6-month-old TGR exhibited a marked sexual BP dimorphism, which was not dependent on the abnormalities in oxidative stress or cholesterol metabolism.
WORKSHOP ACTIVITIES IN IMPROVING TEACHER COMPETENCIES TO DEVELOP AN EDUCATIONAL UNIT LEVEL CURRICULUM (KTSP) AT TK PERTIWI DUMAI
Authors: Aida Aida
Published: May 2023

This paper is based on the teachers’ low-ability in teacher competencies to develop a curriculum of the educational unit level (KTSP) at TK Pertiwi Dumai. Hence, it needs action to overcome this problem through workshop activities. Based on the description of the background, identification, and limitation of the problem, the focus of the research is related to teacher ability improvement in teacher competencies to develop a curriculum at the educational unit level (KTSP). Therefore, the formulation of the research problem is to see whether there is an improvement in teacher ability of their competencies to compile the educational unit level (KTSP) curriculum through workshop activities at TK Pertiwi Dumai or not. In accordance with the background and formulation of the problem, this paper focuses on the implementation of workshop activities that can improve teachers’ abilities in teacher competencies to develop the educational unit level (KTSP) curriculum at TK Pertiwi Dumai. Type of the research is school action research (PTS). Based on the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the teacher's ability in developing the educational unit level (KTSP) curriculum can be improved through workshop activities at TK Pertiwi Dumai. Thus, the teacher acceptance rate increased. The results of comparison aspects of the teacher's ability in developing the educational unit level (KTSP) curriculum through workshop activities from cycle I 58% to cycle II 94% increased.
DEVELOPMENT OF FOLKLORE-BASED TIERED BOOK MEDIA TO INCREASE THE FOURTH-GRADE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS’ READING INTEREST
Authors: Kesuma Anjas , Bayhaqi Muhammad Anizar , Nursyafiq Nursyafiq
Published: May 2023

This paper reports the results in the form of a tiered book media based on folklore as a learning medium to increase the fourth-grade elementary students' interest on reading. The type of research is research and development (R&D). The developmental model used refers to the research model developed by Borg and Gall. The steps taken are problem and potential, data collection, product design, validation of design, revision of the design, product trials, product revisions, and mass production. The research subjects were fourth-grade students at SDN 74/X Bangun Karya East Tanjung Jabung Regency in Jambi. Folklore-based tiered book media products were assessed as valid by media experts with a percentage score of 77.1%. From the material expert, the percentage score was 90.9%. based on the Linguist’s validation, the percentage score was 84%. The percentage score of 4 students in the small group trial was 93.75% and the percentage score of 8 students in the large group trial was of 87.81%. Based on the analysis of differences between students' reading interests before applying the folklore-based tiered book media (Pre-test) and after applying the folklore-based tiered book media (Post-test) with an independent t-test, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.00 < 0.05. Hence, Ha was accepted, and Ho was rejected. It can be inferred that students' reading interest after applying the folklore-based tiered book media was significantly higher with an average score of 53.6250. If it was compared to students' reading interest before applying the folklore-based tiered book media, which was only 26.7500.
THE USE OF POKUS (POLITICS OF KHULAFAUR RASYIDIN) FLIPBOOK IN INCREASING ELEMENTARY STUDENTS' LITERACY INTEREST
Authors: Lishetiyana Viriya , Septiani Santi , Talia Dwi Imelda , Aeni Ani Nur
Published: May 2023

This paper is based on the existence of an issue caused by the development of technology, which has a considerable effect on the field of education. The issue influences the learning media used to be changed as well as low students' interest in literacy. Interest in literacy is essential in realizing the learning process for students, especially elementary students. Hence, the researchers created a learning medium in the form of a digital-based book entitled POKUS (Politic of Khulafaur Rasyidin) Flipbook as one of the digital-based media that can be used in the 21st century. The research uses the Design and Development (D&D) method in the form of ADDIE development. The POKUS flipbook, which contains material regarding the Khulafaur Rasyidin and is packaged in an attractive design and is easily understood by elementary students. The POKUS flipbook had been tested for the effectiveness of its use by teachers as well as students and indicated results of 95.7% and 85.5%. It implies that the POKUS Flipbook is feasible to use. In addition, 91.1% of POKUS Flipbooks were able to increase elementary students' literacy interest.
Total annual and seasonal DM production of improved and unimproved resident pastures at three farms in Canterbury
Authors: Moot Derrick , Smith Malcolm , Mills Anna
Published: May 2023

Yield differences between resident and improved pastures were quantified over a 3-4 yr period on three rainfed farms located in North Canterbury (Stockgrove, north of Amberley), Banks Peninsula (Willesden Farm) and the Mid-Canterbury foothills (Inverary Station). Improved pastures produced two- to three-times more feed annually than unimproved resident pastures at each property. At Stockgrove, improved chicory/white clover-based pastures produced 14.1±0.66 t DM/ha/yr compared with 4.36±0.41 t DM/ha/yr from unimproved pastures. Spring accounted for 85% (improved) and 72% (unimproved) of total annual DM production. At Willesden, lucerne monocultures produced 11.5±0.97t DM/ha/yr, which was more than the 4.44±0.45 t DM/ha/yr produced from resident pastures. Improved pastures at Inverary yielded 7.31±0.59 t DM/ha in summer/autumn of 2018/19, which was more than double the 3.34±0.43 t DM/ha from unimproved pastures. In 2019/2020, improved pastures produced 11.7±1.45 t DM/ha compared with 4.45±0.73 t DM/ha. In the third growth season (2020/2021) improved pastures produced 14.1±1.76 t DM/ha compared with 6.67±1.38 t DM/ha from unimproved pastures. In Year 4 (2021/22) the 12.6±1.29 t DM/ha from improved pastures was 56% more than the 8.07±0.85 t DM/ha from the unimproved pastures. Substantial increases in annual and seasonal feed supply patterns can be achieved through hill country pasture improvement.
Orthostatic Hypotension and Concomitant Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Case Report
Authors: Dev Bharati , Varkey Ashwin , Afsana Hrede
Published: May 2023

This case study discusses the incidence of a paraneoplastic autonomic neuropathy in an elderly male who had an otherwise negative work-up for their aetiology of orthostatic hypotension. This case illustrates the importance of trying to correctly identify the aetiology of orthostatic hypotension, which is often overlooked, and frequently diagnosed as idiopathic. Orthostatic hypotension is most prevalent in elderly populations and can be debilitating, leading to a higher incidence of falls and trauma. Thus, it is important to obtain further work-up when traditional treatments are ineffective. In patients with new and insidious onset of orthostatic hypotension, previous history of malignancy, and possible symptoms consistent with ongoing malignancy, it is imperative to consider paraneoplastic autonomic neuropathy as a potential cause of orthostatic hypotension.
Situación epidemiológica de las variantes del virus SARS-CoV-2 detectadas en Antioquia, de diciembre 2020 a enero 2022
Authors: Betancur Ortiz Idabely , Velarde Cristian Arbey , Ortiz Restrepo Celeny
Published: May 2023

Introducción: la secuenciación genómica es una herramienta que permite identificar variantes del SARSCoV-2. La red de vigilancia genómica de Antioquia, viene trabajando en la caracterización de las variantes circulantes en el territorio, con el propósito de aportar evidencia científica a los tomadores de decisiones en el marco de la pandemia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir la situación epidemiológica de las variantes de SARSCoV-2 detectadas en Antioquia desde diciembre de 2020 a enero de 2022. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Las muestras secuenciadas hicieron parte de los muestreos probabilísticos y rutinarios del Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS). Para la secuenciación se usó la plataforma de Oxford nanopor, además se emplearon las bases de datos del Sivigila y de reporte de casos COVID-19 del INS para los datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. La identificación de los linajes y score de calidad de las secuencias se llevó a cabo en Nextclade y Pangolin. Resultados: en Antioquia se identificaron variantes circulantes de SARS-CoV-2 en 2 675 muestras. Dentro de las variantes y/o linajes identificados los Delta, Mu y Gamma comprendieron la mayor proporción, aportando el 39 %, 27 % y 14 % respectivamente, sin embargo, la variante Ómicron desde su identificación (10 diciembre de 2021) presentó una amplia distribución en el departamento. Discusión: la determinación de los linajes ha permitido evidenciar la diversidad genética viral que circula en la región mostrando una prevalencia diferencial espacio-temporal con respecto al contexto nacional. La vigilancia genómica se fortalecerá con el objetivo de monitorear el comportamiento en virtud a variables sociodemográficas.
Characteristics and Significance of Sightings of Neighbors in Life Story Research: Focusing on the Study of the Life Story of Shim Hwa-young, a Human Cultural Property
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Baek Minjeong
Published: May 2023

This study observed the phenomena that occurred while reconstructing the life story of the late Sim Hwa-yeong with the eyewitness accounts of her acquaintances, and revealed its characteristics and meaning. In order to trace and reconstruct the life of Shim Hwa-yeong, she visits her family, students, and neighbors who were around her, and records what she remembers about her during the time she spent with her, while working to restore her life. In this study, I came to discover the characteristics and value of eyewitness stories.The purpose of this paper is to understand. Through this, the value and meaning of the life of one person, Shim Hwa-young, who was the last survivor of the meaningful Jungongje family, and the influence and significance that his status had on the people around him and the region, have been vividly lived through the eyewitness accounts of acquaintances around him and have been handed down to this day. and its purpose was revealed.
A study on the Korean popular culture and the traditional culture in the COVID-19 era: Focusing on the BTS and Leenalchi’s performances
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Moon Sunah
Published: May 2023

Starting with COVID-19, several major changes are taking place in the art and culture market. The “ontact culture” using online platforms has spread, and performances are underway through various platforms. Through BTS and Leenalchi's performances, which show a big role in this movement, we shed light on how popular culture and tradition are harmonized and drawing attention from all over the world. In order for the Korean Wave to become a culture with a sense of stability and luxury in the future, not a culture that lasts with temporary and simple interest and mystery, I think it should be properly based on tradition. In order for our traditional culture and arts to expand and develop more globally with the Korean Wave, we should not be afraid of various attempts with the first other genres, and active support and systematic education for traditional arts at the second national level are essential. Finally, it is necessary to actively utilize various online platforms and create various contents.
Expansion of Elementary Art Education through Three-dimensional Sculpture
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kang Taehwan
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to examine the development potential of elementary art education through educational methods and examples through various production methods based on the overall understanding of the three-dimensional form, one of the genres of elementary art education. In the past, sculptures were simply subject to objects, and had a strong monumental tendency to deal only with form and physical properties. However, in contemporary art, the ways and objects of the realm of stereoscopic art are diverse, and the spatial occupation of stereoscopic art stimulates human perception and is developing endlessly into expressions, forms, and spaces that stimulate it. Therefore, this study will examine our lives and cultures through contemporary stereoscopic art, various media and spaces, childhood when aesthetic communication ability first occurs through creative expression, and art education and characteristics of elementary school students. Discuss teaching methods and children's cases related to elementary art subjects, after-school schools, and external elementary art classes, which are basic education. It is a meaningful study to examine the meaning, current achievements, and development plans by comparing and analyzing the cases of formal learning in school and expanded education in the suburbs through learning suitable for various fields, spaces, and situations of elementary art education.
A Study on the Analysis of Academic and Scientific and Technological Achievements of Domestic Humanities and Social-based Convergence Research
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Noh Younghee , Shin youngji
Published: May 2023

This study examined academic and scientific and technological achievements through actual humanities and social science-based convergence research in a situation where the importance of humanities and social science-based convergence research is continuously expanding. As a result of the analysis, in the case of academic and science and technology achievements, it was found that the results of the publication of papers in professional academic journals and the presentation of papers at domestic and international academic conferences were mainly, and overall performance was decreasing. This seems to be because the interdisciplinary convergence research support project was integrated into a general joint research support project in 2019, and the general joint research support project (convergence) has yet to produce results in the early stages. In addition, since performance input is not mandatory, performance is expected to be omitted, and empirical research should be conducted to investigate and analyze academic and scientific performance for researchers carrying out general joint research support projects (convergence).
Між НКВС і сигуранцою: про причини краху підпілля в окупованій Одесі у 1941-1942 роках
Authors: Савченко Віктор , Сапожников Ігор , Русанов Олексій
Published: May 2023

У розвідці здійснено дослідження однієї з найбільш утаємничених тем «комуністичного» підпільно-партизанського руху в Одесі під час Другої Світової війни, який був створений і керований органами НКВС. Йдеться про долю одеської «надземно-міської» підпільної групи О. Мельника, яка була частиною спеціального загону НКВС Кузнєцова-Калошина. Ця група з самого початку опинилася «у бездіяльному підпіллі», відмовившись від боротьби проти окупантів, а вже у грудні 1941 р. румунським спецслужбам вдалося її повністю розгромити. Поведінка окремих підпільників після арештів та їхні «заяви» на допитах, які наводяться вперше, яскраво демонструють загальну картину деградації одеського підпільного руху опору, розгубленості, страху та відчаю, небажання боротися, дезертирства та зрадництва.

У статті доведено, що підпілля Одеси мало вузьку соціальну базу та не користувалося широкою підтримкою мешканців міста. Аргументовано твердження, що поспіхом створені підпільно-партизанські загони в Одесі не мали необхідної підготовки. Під час формування загонів і груп за адміністративним принципом були проявлені формалізм, хаотичність, поспішність, неякісний відбір, порушення принципу добровільності, розгубленість.

В одеських підпільно-партизанських загонах відчувалися: брак зв’язку між підпільними групами, відсутність чітких планів та інформації, слабкість конспірації. Аналіз діяльності групи Мельника дозволив зробити ширші висновки стосовно структури та діяльності усього загону НКВС Кузнєцова-Колошина. З’ясовано, що цей загін став жертвою не тільки зрадництва та відсутності досвіду, але й внутрішньої конкуренції між місцевими та «центральними» структурами НКВС, що призвело до фактичного самознищення підпільно-партизанського руху в Одесі вже у середині 1942 р.
History and Memory in the Basilian School in Uman (1765-1834)
Authors: Kryvosheia Igor , Morawiec Norbert
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the research paper. This paper is an attempt to present the historical education at the Basilian school in Uman (the programmes, methods, didactic aids, qualifications, and professional skills of teachers and caretakers) and the mechanisms which shaped the cultural memory of its alumni (in-school and after-school activities)

Scientific novelty. By engaging in mnemohistorical reflection, we wish to show the cultural components which may have impacted the construction of the cultural memory of Uman alumni. We will be interested in the science and didactics of history, as well as in answering the question how the Basilian “now” of the 19th century was affected by the past, and how that past was constantly being reinvented, remodelled, rediscovered, and reconstructed by the tutors and their pupils.

Conclusions. The aim of the Basilian pedagogy was to raise a citizen able to function in the multi-ethnic and multi-denominational Commonwealth. Indubitably, the so-called idea of unity was a fundamental component of Basilians’ thinking-acting. The pupils were, therefore, raised in the sense of a national as well as Catholic, two-rite community (obviously keeping their own, Ruthenian and Uniate distinctness). The bloody events of 1768 in Uman were an important part of imparted knowledge. The teachers created a particular educational trail tracing the pogrom (the monastery, the well, the church, Sofiyivka). This trail formed a complete iconosphere, where each “site of memory” evoked visual experiences and triggered a whole system of associations, agitations, and emotions. Its existence is attested by descriptions found in the accounts and memoirs of former students. The school also employed secular people, filled with new ideas, not always compliant with the Basilian charism. They instilled in young people “secular” ideas and values, such as the adoration for the Emperor of the French and all movements which could tear down the rules established after the Congress of Vienna: restauration, legitimism, and the balance of power.
The Humanitarian Mission by Jewish Joint Distribution Committee in Hungary (1914-1921)
Authors: Shevchuk Oleksandr , Siekunova Yuliia
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the research paper is coverage of the process of deployment of the Jewish Joint Distribution Committee’s humanitarian mission in Hungary, determination of its scope and addressees, evaluation of aid results.

The scientific novelty is lies in the fact that for the first time the JDC’s humanitarian mission is shown in the Hungarian territories – during the First World War, as part of Austria-Hungary, after – as an independent State. The JDC’s role in helping both Hungarian Jews and refugees from the territories who suffered from hostilities is shown. The volumes of assistance, its forms and the main addressers of its receipt are disclosed.

Conclusions. In spite of insurmountable difficulties during World War I and in the post-War years that followed it; in spite of the lack of unity and of many internal differences; in spite of negative attitudes from various governments – in spite of all these obstacles, American Jewry was able not only to deliver general organized relief to the starving European Jews (including Hungarian Jews), but also to assist in the organization of the machinery for the transmission of private relief. Indeed, on November 13, 1919, Dr. Bogen wrote in his report: “The most essential factor in this rehabilitation is the establishment of the necessary means to transmit the relief so generously proffered by American Jewry, the organization of the transmission system”.

JDC for the first time had brought together in the common task of mercy American Jews of all shades of opinion. The experience of these years had developed an organization and had recruited dedicated personnel. A small but adaptable staff of diverse background and experience brought together a corps of experts ready to take on additional assignments. A network of affiliated Jewish organizations was prepared to assume responsibility for reconstruction, but was also available in the event of unexpected crisis.

Aids for the Jews of Hungary was, though small, but very tangible. Local Jews, as well as refugees from neighboring territories (especially Galicia) received much-needed support. Participation in the program of the European Children’s Fund saved tens of thousands of children and their families from death. At the same time, this program had its continuation in the future. All this created the basis for the transition to the stage of reconstruction, which, if possible, we will highlight in further studies.
Foreign Consulates in Odesa (1920s – 1930s)
Authors: Vovchuk Liudmyla
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the research paper is to highlight the history of repatriation missions and consular institutions of Poland, Albania, Germany, Italy, Turkey, Japan and Spain in Odesa during 1922-1938, analysis of the main areas of activity within the consular district and the consular staff’s characteristics.

The scientific novelty. The general picture of the foreign diplomatic presence in Odesa, represented by the repatriation missions of Turkey, Albania and Poland, as well as five consulates, has been reconstructed. Their personnel composition and key areas of activity are shown.

Conclusions. With the creation of Soviet Ukraine, Odesa continued to remain a strategically important city for both European and Asian countries, which, having restored diplomatic and consular relations with the USSR, opened their consulates here. During the 1920s and 1930s, the repatriation missions of Poland, Albania, and Turkey operated in the city first (during 1922-1925), and later the consular offices of three European countries – Germany, Italy, Spain, and two Asian countries – Turkey and Japan. The foreign consular institutions’ diplomatic staff consisted exclusively of representatives of the countries they represented and were career diplomats. In turn, among the representatives of the administrative and technical staff were citizens of these countries and Soviet Ukraine, and the service staff consisted with local residents.

Since its establishment, foreign consular representatives have contributed to the development of trade, economic, cultural and scientific relations of their countries with the UkrSSR. Important spheres of consulates’ activity were protection of the citizens’ interests of their countries, organization of material assistance for them and promotion of their departure to their homeland. In the process of gathering information about the socio-political situation in the USSR, the consuls recorded the unfolding of the Holodomor, pointing out its culprits, noted the negative consequences of collectivization and industrialization, etc.

But, despite the constantly emphasized friendship in relations between the USSR and the countries listed above, their consulates and employees found themselves under the Soviet special services close supervision, which considered any consulates representatives’ actions as espionage. In order to be fully effective, the special services recruited representatives from both consulate employees and persons who were in contact with the consul. And after the consulates were closed, they began the process of “cleaning” them. In 1937-1938, the USSR’s relations with Italy, Germany, Turkey, Japan, and Spain became strained, which led to the closure of the consular network in Odesa.
INSEMINAÇÃO ARTIFICIAL EM TEMPO FIXO (IATF) CONVENCIONAL COMPARADA A IATF EM BLOCO EM VACAS NELORES
Authors: Abreu Daniele Alves Corrêa de , Souza Wesley José de , Gonçalves Geisiana Barbosa , Martins Natália de Fátima Borges , Marques Filho Wolff Camargo , Nascimento Andressa Silva
Published: May 2023

A Inseminação Artificial em Tempo Fixo (IATF) convencional é uma biotecnologia muito utilizada na bovinocultura de corte, no entanto, a técnica tem apresentando índices de fertilidade das fêmeas quase estabilizados. A IATF em Blocos é uma técnica que visa maximizar esses índices, visto que para obter bons resultados de prenhez, a inseminação necessita ser efetuada no momento próximo da ovulação, esse período é definido pela interação entre indutor e diâmetro do folículo dominante. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi analisar a taxa de gestação de vacas Nelore, comparando a IATF em Bloco com a IATF convencional, em dois protocolos distintos que são mais utilizados na região, se divergindo apenas pelo indutor de ovulação, sendo o Cipionato de Estradiol e o Benzoato de Estradiol, e quantidade de manejos. Foram utilizadas 40 vacas multíparas da raça Nelore. Sendo 10 fêmeas em cada um dos quatro grupos: IATF convencional com cipionato, IATF em Bloco com cipionato, IATF convencional com benzoato e IATF em Bloco com benzoato. A IATF em blocos com cipionato apresentou maior taxa de gestação 70% (P = 0,079), dessa forma, é uma boa alternativa aos produtores da região que não conheciam essa técnica.
SMOOTHNESS OF MOVEMENT AS THE BASIS OF CAR COMFORT:FORMATION OF THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK «VEHICLE ROAD СOMFORT»
Authors:   JSC “Ukrbusprom”, Krajnyk Lybomyr , Burian Mykhailo ,   NU “Lviv Polytechnic”, Lanets Olena ,   NU “Lviv Polytechnic”, Kokhan Vasyl ,   Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy
Published: May 2023

The development and condition of the road network of Ukraine significantly lag behind the needs of society. At the same time, the road itself is the basic factor that forms the smoothness and driving comfort in the aspect of vibration loads of the driver and passengers. In addition, in the conditions of warfare, the mobility (that is, speed modes) of military vehicles off-road is extremely important, the maximum values of which are limited to reaching the maximum permissible levels of vibration loads on personnel (driver – passenger). As a result of practical tests, the results of vibration loads were obtained for the scheme “Road surface – Car – Passenger”. Based on these results, the foundations for the formation of a national regulatory framework regarding the permissible vibration loads during the transporting of passengers on roads and as well as conditions for limiting the speed of off-road vehicles were developed. Based on ISO 2631-1, according to the results of the research, regulatory requirements for the level of permissible vibration loads for city, suburban, and intercity buses, as well as a conformity assessment methodology had been defined. The issues of suspension requirements for off-road driving are considered in connection with the formation of the regulatory framework for military equipment as the basis for mobility from the conditions of vibration loads and the separation of requirements to military equipment designs, depending on the scope of use. By analogy with NATO countries, the above requirements are also necessary regarding the suspension, as a determining element of comfort and off-road mobility. This predetermines the development of a separate standard for military equipment. Keywords. smoothness, passenger transportation, highway, off-road driving, vibration loads.
INCREASING FROST RESISTANCE OF ROAD CONCRETE BY APPLYING SECONDARY PROTECTION
Authors:   Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, Tolmachov Sergii , Belichenko Olena ,   Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, Pronin Sergii ,   Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University
Published: May 2023

The production of road cement-concrete mixtures, their transportation, laying and compaction usually occurs during periods of high positive temperatures and the presence of wind. When cement concretes harden under such conditions, moisture evaporates from them. This can lead to air shrinkage, which causes to the cracking and collapse of concrete. Therefore, to protect the hardening cement concrete from shrinkage and cracking, film-forming materials are applied to its surface. However, the practice of using road surfaces shows that such protection is not sufficient to ensure the durability of cement concretes. Therefore, to increase the resistance of concrete to aggressive environments, it is proposed to use secondary protection. Secondary protection of concrete consists in applying impregnating compounds to the surface of the pavement. The article presents the results of studies of the effect of impregnating compositions on water absorption and frost resistance of concrete of strength class B30 (C32/40). It is shown that the use of impregnating compositions improves the water resistance of concrete. However, such surface treatment does not lead to an increase the frost resistance of road concretes. It was found that some formulations increase the hardness of the concrete surface and do not reduce the resistance of concrete under the simultaneous action of negative temperatures and chloride salts. The article presents the results of studies of the effect of impregnating compositions on water absorption and frost resistance of concrete of strength class B30 (C32/40). It is shown that the use of impregnating compositions improves the water resistance of concrete. However, such surface treatment does not lead to an increase in frost resistance of road concretes. It has been found that some impregnating compositions increase the surface hardness of concrete. At the same time, they do not reduce the resistance of concrete under the simultaneous action of negative temperatures and chloride salts. At the same time, there are compositions, the use of which leads to peeling of the concrete surface when tested for frost resistance. Such peeling leads to destruction of the protective layer of concrete and can reduce the frost resistance of concrete. The reasons for the low efficiency of secondary protection of road concrete when using impregnating compositions are given. It is shown that such compositions should be used selectively for the protection of road concrete. It is indicated for which strength classes the impregnation is an effective means of protection. The use of impregnation for concretes of other strength classes leads to a decrease the resistance of aggressive environments. Keywords: frost resistance, secondary protection, impregnating compounds, concrete protective layer, water absorption.
SUPERPAVE: PROS AND CONS, OR HOW SUPERPAVE IS USEFUL TO US
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Zolotaryov Viktor
Published: May 2023

The main positions of the Superpave system regarding the principles and methods of predicting the durability of asphalt concrete in various environmental and transport conditions of their operating are considered. Arguments in favor or unacceptability of bitumen and asphalt concrete quality indicators provided by the system are presented. This concern: methods of design of compositions according to Fuller, assignment of asphalt concretes according to volumetric and spatial characteristics, obtaining of physical and rheological properties of bitumen. Attention is focused on the methods and criteria of laboratory compaction of asphalt concrete samples; attention is paid to the properties of asphalt concrete that give the most objective idea about the work of asphalt concrete in road layers (rutting resistance and fatigue). It is emphasized that the system does not consider water resistance and crack resistance of asphalt concrete. Attention is drawn to difficulties of an instrumental, financial and organizational nature regarding the implementation of the system in Ukraine. Keywords: bitumen, asphalt concrete, PG-zone, rutting resistance, stiffness, module, composition, compaction, zoning.
Development of constrictional microchannels and the recurrent neural network in single-cell protein analysis
Authors: Zhang Ting , Chen Xiao , Chen Deyong , Wang Junbo , Chen Jian
Published: May 2023

Introduction: As the golden approach of single-cell analysis, fluorescent flow cytometry can estimate single-cell proteins with high throughputs, which, however, cannot translate fluorescent intensities into protein numbers.

Methods: This study reported a fluorescent flow cytometry based on constrictional microchannels for quantitative measurements of single-cell fluorescent levels and the recurrent neural network for data analysis of fluorescent profiles for high-accuracy cell-type classification.

Results: As a demonstration, fluorescent profiles (e.g., FITC labeled β-actin antibody, PE labeled EpCAM antibody and PerCP labeled β-tubulin antibody) of individual A549 and CAL 27 cells were firstly measured and translated into protein numbers of 0.56 ± 0.43 × 104, 1.78 ± 1.06 × 106 and 8.11 ± 4.89 × 104 of A549 cells (ncell = 10232), and 3.47 ± 2.45 × 104, 2.65 ± 1.19 × 106 and 8.61 ± 5.25 × 104 of CAL 27 cells (ncell = 16376) based on the equivalent model of the constrictional microchannel. Then, the feedforward neural network was used to process these single-cell protein expressions, producing a classification accuracy of 92.0% for A549 vs. CAL 27 cells. In order to further increase the classification accuracies, as a key subtype of the recurrent neural network, the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network was adopted to process fluorescent pulses sampled in constrictional microchannels directly, producing a classification accuracy of 95.5% for A549 vs. CAL 27 cells after optimization.

Discussion: This fluorescent flow cytometry based on constrictional microchannels and recurrent neural network can function as an enabling tool of single-cell analysis and contribute to the development of quantitative cell biology.
Isolation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neuron subtypes by immunopanning
Authors: Saito-Diaz Kenyi , James Christina , Patel Archie Jayesh , Zeltner Nadja
Published: May 2023

Sensory neurons (SNs) detect a wide range of information from the body and the environment that is critical for homeostasis. There are three main subtypes of SNs: nociceptors, mechanoreceptors, and proprioceptors, which express different membrane proteins, such as TRKA, TRKB, or TRKC, respectively. Human pluripotent stem cell technology provides an ideal platform to study development and diseases of SNs, however there is not a viable method to isolate individual SN subtype for downstream analysis available. Here, we employ the method immunopanning to isolate each SN subtype. This method is very gentle and allows proper survival after the isolation. We use antibodies against TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC to isolate nociceptors, mechanoreceptors, and proprioceptors, respectively. We show that our cultures are enriched for each subtype and express their respective subtype markers. Furthermore, we show that the immunopanned SNs are electrically active and respond to specific stimuli. Thus, our method can be used to purify viable neuronal subtypes using respective membrane proteins for downstream studies.
Cav1.4 congenital stationary night blindness is associated with an increased rate of proteasomal degradation
Authors: Sadeh Tal T. , Baines Richard A. , Black Graeme C. , Manson Forbes
Published: May 2023

Pathogenic, generally loss-of-function, variants in CACNA1F, encoding the Cav1.4α1 calcium channel, underlie congenital stationary night blindness type 2 (CSNB2), a rare inherited retinal disorder associated with visual disability. To establish the underlying pathomechanism, we investigated 10 clinically derived CACNA1F missense variants located across pore-forming domains, connecting loops, and the carboxy-tail domain of the Cav1.4α subunit. Homology modeling showed that all variants cause steric clashes; informatics analysis correctly predicted pathogenicity for 7/10 variants. In vitro analyses demonstrated that all variants cause a decrease in current, global expression, and protein stability and act through a loss-of-function mechanism and suggested that the mutant Cav1.4α proteins were degraded by the proteasome. We showed that the reduced current for these variants could be significantly increased through treatment with clinical proteasome inhibitors. In addition to facilitating clinical interpretation, these studies suggest that proteasomal inhibition represents an avenue of potential therapeutic intervention for CSNB2.
pH-sensitive charge-conversion cinnamaldehyde polymeric prodrug micelles for effective targeted chemotherapy of osteosarcoma in vitro
Authors: Deng Jiapeng , Liu Su , Li Guoqing , Zheng Yien , Zhang Weifei , Lin Jianjing , Yu Fei , Weng Jian , Liu Peng , Zeng Hui
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Chemotherapy is a common strategy for the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, its therapeutic efficacy is not ideal due to the low targeting, lowbioavailability, and high toxicity of chemotherapy drugs. Nanoparticles can improve the residence time of drugs at tumor sites through targeted delivery. This new technology can reduce the risk to patients and improve survival rates. To achieve this goal, we developed a pHsensitive charge-conversion polymeric micelle [mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles] for osteosarcoma-targeted delivery of cinnamaldehyde (CA).

Methods: First, an amphiphilic cinnamaldehyde polymeric prodrug [mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA)] was synthesized through Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (RAFT) polymerization and post-modification, and self-assembled into mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles in an aqueous solution. The physical properties of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles, such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), size, appearance, and Zeta potential were characterized. The CA release curve of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles at pH 7.4, 6.5 and 4.0 was studied by dialysis method, then the targeting ability of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles to osteosarcoma 143B cells in acidic environment (pH 6.5) was explored by cellular uptakeassay. The antitumor effect of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles on 143B cells in vitro was studied by MTT method, and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 143B cells after mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles treatment was detected. Finally, the effects of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles on the apoptosis of 143B cells were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay.

Results: An amphiphilic cinnamaldehyde polymeric prodrug [mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA)] was successfully synthesized and self-assembled into spheric micelles with a diameter of 227 nm. The CMC value of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles was 25.2 mg/L, and it showed a pH dependent release behavior of CA. mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles can achieve chargeconversion from a neutral to a positive charge with decreasing pHs. This charge-conversion property allows mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles to achieve 143B cell targeting at pH 6.5. In addition, mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles present high antitumor efficacy and intracellular ROS generation at pH 6.5 which can induce 143B cell apoptosis.

Discussion: mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles can achieve osteosarcoma targeting effectively and enhance the anti-osteosarcoma effect of cinnamaldehyde in vitro. This research provides a promising drug delivery system for clinical application and tumor treatment.
Association between ACE I/D genetic polymorphism and the severity of coronary artery disease in Vietnamese patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tran Duy Cong , Le Linh Hoang Gia , Thai Truc Thanh , Hoang Sy Van , Do Minh Duc , Truong Binh Quang
Published: May 2023

Background

The severity of coronary artery disease is a prognostic factor for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction. ACE I/D polymorphism is one of the genetic factors that may affect the severity of coronary artery disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between ACE I/D genotypes and the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Materials and methods

A single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology and Department of Interventional Cardiology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam from January 2020 to June 2021. All participants diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction underwent contrast-enhanced coronary angiography. The severity of coronary artery disease was determined by Gensini score. ACE I/D genotypes were identified in all subjects by using the polymerase chain reaction method.

Results

A total of 522 patients diagnosed with first acute myocardial infarction were recruited. The patients' median Gensini score was 34.3. The II, ID, and DD genotype rates of ACE I/D polymorphism were 48.9%, 36.4%, and 14.7%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the ACE DD genotype was independently associated with a higher Gensini score compared with the II or ID genotypes.

Conclusion

The DD genotype of the ACE I/D polymorphism was associated with the severity of coronary artery disease in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with first acute myocardial infarction.
Metabolomics profile and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score
Authors: Dehghanbanadaki Hojat , Dodangeh Salimeh , Parhizkar Roudsari Peyvand , Hosseinkhani Shaghayegh , Khashayar Pouria , Noorchenarboo Mohammad , Rezaei Negar , Dilmaghani-Marand Arezou , Yoosefi Moein , Arjmand Babak , Khalagi Kazem , Najjar Niloufar , Kakaei Ardeshir , Bandarian Fatemeh , Aghaei Meybodi Hamid , Larijani Bagher , Razi Farideh
Published: May 2023

Background

The intermediate metabolites associated with the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remain largely unknown. Thus, we conducted a large panel of metabolomics profiling to identify the new candidate metabolites that were associated with 10-year ASCVD risk.

Methods

Thirty acylcarnitines and twenty amino acids were measured in the fasting plasma of 1,102 randomly selected individuals using a targeted FIA-MS/MS approach. The 10-year ASCVD risk score was calculated based on 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines. Accordingly, the subjects were stratified into four groups: low-risk (n = 620), borderline-risk (n = 110), intermediate-risk (n = 225), and high-risk (n = 147). 10 factors comprising collinear metabolites were extracted from principal component analysis.

Results

C4DC, C8:1, C16OH, citrulline, histidine, alanine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid were significantly associated with the 10-year ASCVD risk score (p-values ≤ 0.044). The high-risk group had higher odds of factor 1 (12 long-chain acylcarnitines, OR = 1.103), factor 2 (5 medium-chain acylcarnitines, OR = 1.063), factor 3 (methionine, leucine, valine, tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, OR = 1.074), factor 5 (6 short-chain acylcarnitines, OR = 1.205), factor 6 (5 short-chain acylcarnitines, OR = 1.229), factor 7 (alanine, proline, OR = 1.343), factor 8 (C18:2OH, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, OR = 1.188), and factor 10 (ornithine, citrulline, OR = 1.570) compared to the low-risk ones; the odds of factor 9 (glycine, serine, threonine, OR = 0.741), however, were lower in the high-risk group. “D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism”, “phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis”, and “valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis” were metabolic pathways having the highest association with borderline/intermediate/high ASCVD events, respectively.

Conclusions

Abundant metabolites were found to be associated with ASCVD events in this study. Utilization of this metabolic panel could be a promising strategy for early detection and prevention of ASCVD events.