bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syndemic analysis of the pandemic Covid-19 crisis: A multidisciplinary “Understand - Anticipate – Propose” meta-method
Authors: Lepelletier Didier , Souhard Camille , Chidiac Christian , Chauvin Franck , Mansour Zeina
Published: March 2022

Background. In order to understand the pandemic COVID-19 crisis in a forward-looking way, the French High Council for public health (HCSP) has designed a conceptual scheme for public health planning based on L. Green's model in order to better understand the issues at stake, by identifying dangers and levers for action. The final aim was to establish priorities and guidelines in order to anticipate the collateral consequences of the management of the crisis and be better prepared for the next one. Method. A public health conceptual framework PROCEED-PRECCED adapted to the Covid-19 health crisis was developed using both a graphic (concept map) and analytic (to make the conceptual scheme functional) approaches. Then, a "meta-method" was applied using three distinct cognitive stages: understanding, anticipation and proposals of action.Results. The conceptual framework was broken down into 10 technical sheets covering essential diagnoses and integrating different public health determinants. Each of these was broken down into three cognitive stages, allowing for a diagnosis of understanding, a scenario of anticipation and a strategic analysis of action according to the chronology: understand-anticipate-propose. From these 10 technical sheets, 32 guidelines have been proposed.Conclusion. This work is intended to allow reflections on public health approaches to strengthen and anticipate health crisis management and health planning by politic managers working at national or sub-national level.
Application Value of BALF mNGS for Screening Patients With Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection in General Hospitals
Authors: Wang Yafei , Zhou Ying , Cao Xing , Li Xueying , Ye Shenglan
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTo evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.MethodsPatients hospitalized for pneumonia in the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine of Wuhan Central Hospital from January to June 2021 were enrolled in the study. Patients were examined by mNGS and divided into two groups according to the M. tuberculosis infection. We compared the clinical indicators of infected patients of both groups. All patients in the M. tuberculosis infection group underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Different detection methods were used to detect pathogenic bacteria. ResultsA total of 111 patients agreed to undergo mNGS. Of these, 15 were eventually enrolled in the study group. We found that patients with decreased white blood cells had a higher risk of infection with M. tuberculosis than those infected with other pathogens (OR=0.807, 95%CI: 0.672–0.969, P=0.022). We also found that mNGS had a higher positive rate of M. tuberculosis infection detection than traditional detection methods. The positive detection rates of TB-DNA-PCR, Xpert MTB, and T-SPOT. TB were 69.23%, 83.33%, 77.77%, respectively.ConclusionsBALF mNGS assay could quickly and effectively detect M. tuberculosis complex in patients with pulmonary infection in a general hospital setting.
Urinary Stable Nitrogen Isotopes Ratios Are Responsive to Controlled Short-Term Calorie Restriction
Authors: Wasserfurth Paulina , Huelsemann Frank , Koehler Karsten
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Increased nitrogen losses observed during periods of energy deficiency are attributed to increased breakdown of endogenous proteins. Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) measured in human hair have previously been shown to reflect prolonged periods of increased protein breakdown. The goal of this study was to determine whether stable nitrogen isotopes measured from urinary urea (δ15Nurea) represent a potential biomarker of more immediate changes in endogenous protein utilization.
Methods
We analyzed samples from recreationally active males (n = 6, 25.2 ± 1.0 years, BMI: 23.5 ± 0.6 kg/m2) who took part in a repeated measures cross-over study during which they underwent 4 days of calorie restriction (~ 15 kcal/kg FFM) without and with exercise (CR-EX, CR + EX) and two control conditions in energy balance (CON-EX, CON + EX). δ15Nurea was analyzed from urine samples. In addition, the trophic shift (Δ15N) was calculated as δ15Nurea - δ15Ndiet, with δ15Ndiet obtained from food logs.
Results
δ15Nurea was significantly elevated in CR-EX (4.35 ± 0.16‰) when compared to CR + EX (3.84 ± 0.14‰; p = 0.050, d = 1.56), CON-EX (3.65 ± 0.09‰; p = 0.026, d = 1.63) and CON + EX (3.34 ± 0.13‰, p = 0.001, d = 3.52). δ15Nurea was also significantly higher in CR + EX when compared to CON + EX (p = 0.050, d = 1.5). Δ15N was positive in CR-EX (0.24 ± 0.15‰) and negative in all other conditions (CR + EX: -0.55 ± 0.46‰; CON-EX: -0.96 ± 0.19; CON + EX: -1.1 ± 0.15). CR-EX differed significantly from CON-EX (p = 0.005, d = 2.55) and CON + EX (p = 0.006, d = 2.3).
Conclusion
Results from this analysis suggest that δ15Nurea as well as Δ15N can serve as alternative tools to monitor changes in endogenous protein turnover during phases of calorie restriction.
Knowledge and experience of physicians during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A global cross-sectional study
Authors: Mansour Rania , Rallapalli Smrithi , Baidwan Hamreet Kaur , Razai Mohammad S , Abou-Abbas Linda
Published: March 2022

Physicians are on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic with responsibility to manage the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and preventative practices regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19 vaccinations, as well as explore physicians’ recommendations for future pandemics. A mixed-methods online survey was disseminated to physicians globally. The survey was distributed via social media from August 9–30, 2021. Data collected included sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19, concerns regarding vaccinations, and perspectives on policies implemented. Descriptive statistics were reported, and qualitative data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. A total of 399 physicians from 62 countries completed the survey, with similar participation from High Income Countries and Low- or Middle-Income Countries. Most physicians (87%) revealed a good level of knowledge while only half (54%) reported adhering to adequate preventative measures. More than half of participants (56%) indicated that the policies implemented to handle COVID-19 by their public health agencies were insufficient or disorganised. While most physicians reported increased mental stress (61%) and described their experience with COVID-19 using negative terminology (63%), the majority of physicians (87%) indicated they are willing to continue working in healthcare. Physicians globally possessed good knowledge of COVID-19 and vaccinations; yet improvements in ensuring compliance with preventative practices is warranted. Findings from this study have important implications. As recommended by physicians, efforts to manage pandemics should involve (1) strengthening health systems, (2) minimising adverse effects of infodemics, (3) delegating decision-making roles appropriately, and (4) acknowledging global responsibility.
Left Ventricular End Diastolic Loading: Comparison of Cardiac MR with Echocardiography
Authors: Rumer Christopher , Qiao Erica , Linker David , Dubinsky Theodore
Published: March 2022

PurposeIn a prior publication, loss of myocardial bounce was highly associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The bounce is the rapid change in LV volume at the end of diastole during atrial contraction just prior to systolic ejection. This study attempts to determine if bounce is associated with diastolic dysfunction determined by echocardiography.Methods135 patients with an echocardiogram and a cardiac MR were selected with 38% of those paired of studies within three months of each other. The bounce was graded by 3 blinded observers into categories of 0=none, 1=minimal/reduced, and 2=normal bounce.ResultsInter-reader agreement was summarized using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and ratings was moderate [ICC 0.60, 95% confidence interval (0.51-0.68)]. The sensitivity and specificity of lack of bounce (grade 0 or 1) as a screen for diastolic dysfunction on echo were 89% and 47%, respectively.ConclusionThe simple observation of a normal myocardial bounce in MRs was predictive of normal diastolic function and lack of was highly associated with dysfunction determined via echocardiography. Systolic function remains normal in some of these patients and this finding may represent diastolic dysfunction. Further studies examining the relationship between bounce with different types of diastolic function is needed. This updated study confirms myocardial bounce seen on various cardiac imaging modalities may be a simple useful tool for detecting cardiac dysfunction.
Identifying effective sink node combinations in spacecraft data transfer networks
Authors: Clark Ruaridh , McGrath Ciara Nora , Macdonald Malcolm
Published: March 2022

Complex networks are emerging in low-Earth-orbit as the communication architectures of inter-linked space systems. These data transfer networks vary based on spacecraft interaction with targets and ground stations, which respectively represent source and sink nodes for data flowing through the network. We demonstrate how networks can be used to identify effective sink node selections that, in combination, provide source coverage, high data throughput, and low latency connections for intermittently connected, store-and-forward space systems. The challenge in this work is to account for the changing data transfer network that varies significantly depending on the ground stations selected -- given a system where data is downlinked by spacecraft at the first opportunity. Therefore, passed-on networks are created to capture the redistribution of data following a sink node's removal from the system, a problem of relevance to traffic management in a variety of flow network applications. Modelling the system using consensus dynamics, enables sink node selections to be evaluated in terms of their source coverage and data throughput. While restrictions in the depth of propagation when defining passed-on networks, ensures the optimisation implicitly rewards lower latency connections. This is a beneficial by-product for both space system design and store-and-forward data networks in general.The passed-on networks also provide an insight into the relationship between sink nodes, with eigenvector embedding-based communities identifying sink node divisions that correspond with differences in source node coverage.
Incidence of Congenital Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries in Embalmed Cadavers
Authors: Cubas Santiago , Garretano M. Alejandra , Vázquez Leticia , Berke Andrés , Olivera Eduardo
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Coronary anomalies, whose incidence is 0.17 to 1.5%, are relevant since they can debut as sudden cardiac death and can determine technical difficulties in interventional procedures such as coronary angiography. This prompted the following study, whose objective is to determine the incidence of anomalies and anatomical variants in the origin and proximal course of the coronary arteries, in a cadaveric population. Materials and methods: 81 hearts were dissected from adult cadavers, of both sexes, previously fixed and preserved in a 10% formaldehyde-based solution. Once the heart was released, the identification and subsequent dissection of the coronary arteries and coronary ostia were carried out. The following data were recorded: number of ostiums, aortic sinus where said ostiums are located, artery that gives origin, route and direction of the same. The data were recorded in tables for later analysis. Results: Of the total of 81 dissected hearts, 45 (55.6%) presented “classic” coronary arteries in origin and proximal path and 36 (44.4%) presented normal anatomical variants and coronary anomalies. Conclusions: Knowledge of coronary anomalies is of the utmost importance, given that between 20% to 90% present with sudden cardiac death and given that when it comes to performing interventional procedures, their ignorance may determine an increase in the duration of the procedures with greater contrast input and radiation exposure for the patient.
Monitoring and prediction of wheat stripe rust based on hyperspectral and meteorological data
Authors: Ma Chunyan , Dong Jinhui , Ding Fan , Li Changchun
Published: March 2022

This study integrated spectral sensitivity values and absorption characteristic parameters based on canopy hyperspectral data and meteorological data, e.g. air volume, average air temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hours, and precipitation. These include the total area of absorption peaks, the area at the left end thereof, absorption depth, and symmetry. This study analyses correlations between these factors and a disease index based on partial least squares method and constructs the small of flag picking period, early and middle grouting period, and the entire growth period. The disease condition inversion model of wheat stripe rust was used to verify the accuracy of the model. The correlation of NDVI, RDVI, TVI, DVI, RVI, and meteorological factors with stripe rust were analysed simultaneously. DVI and average temperature values with a high correlation degree and stripe rust occurrence probability were selected, a prediction model of wheat stripe rust occurrences was established, and the accuracy of the model was verified. Results showed that the average R2 coefficients of the inversion model for the disease index in three growth periods and the entire growth period were 0.94 and 0.92, respectively; the average RMSE values were 0.068 and 0.063, respectively, with high inversion accuracy,which indicated that the prediction model based on spectral data and meteorological data had high prediction accuracy and good prediction effect. It provides new technology and method for monitoring and forecasting crop diseases and insect pests.
Does the relative importance of the OxCAP-MH’s capability items differ according to mental ill-health experience?
Authors: Helter Timea Mariann , Kaltenboeck Alexander , Baumgartner Josef , Soennichsen Andreas , Mayrhofer Franz , Heinze Georg , Wancata Johannes , Simon Judit
Published: March 2022

Background
Some capability dimensions may be more important than others in determining someone’s well-being, and these preferences might be dependent on ill-health experience. This study aimed to explore the relative preference weights of the 16 items of the German language version of the OxCAP-MH (Oxford Capability questionnaire-Mental Health) capability instrument and their differences across cohorts with alternative levels of mental ill-health experience.
Methods
A Best-Worst-Scaling (BWS) survey was conducted in Austria among 1) psychiatric patients (direct mental ill-health experience), 2) (mental) healthcare experts (indirect mental ill-health experience), and 3) primary care patients with no mental ill-health experience. Relative importance scores for each item of the German OxCAP-MH instrument were calculated using Hierarchical Bayes estimation. Rank analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis with robust standard errors were used to explore the relative importance of the OxCAP-MH items across the three cohorts.
Results
The study included 158 participants with complete cases and acceptable fit statistic. The relative importance scores for the full cohort ranged from 0.76 to 15.72. Findings of the BWS experiment indicated that the items Freedom of deciding for yourself and Limitation in daily activities were regarded as the most important for all three cohorts. Freedom of expression was rated significantly less important by psychiatric patients than by the other two cohorts, while Suitable flat situation appeared significantly less important by the expert cohort. There were no further significant differences in the relative preference weights of OxCAP-MH items between the cohorts or according to gender.
Conclusions
Our study indicates significant between-item but limited mental ill-health related heterogeneity in the relative preference weights of the different capability items within the OxCAP-MH. The findings support the future development of preference-based value sets elicited from the general population for comparative economic evaluation purposes.
Development of novel methotrexate-loaded nanocochleates for breast cancer targeting.
Authors: Rajnani Nikhil , Kurup Nalini
Published: March 2022

The objective of this research was to develop stable methotrexate(MTX) loaded nanocochleates (MTX-NC) drug delivery system to achieve controlled drug release,targeted delivery and enhanced anticancer potency with reduced dose and its effect on Breast cancer cell line. The development involved the loading of MTX to nanocochleates (MTX-NC) through conversion of phosphatidyl choline and cholesterol bearing liposome on addition of calcium ions and compared with MTX and MTX-NC. Optimized NC under optimized conditions showed particle size and zeta potential of 298.7nm and -12.9mv respectively, high entrapment efficiency 75%, drug loading of 37.5% and drug content 99%. Investigation on the drug lipid interaction using FTIR confirmed the compatibility of drug with the lipid carrier. SEM and TEM images of NC indicated that the particles were in a rod cylindrical shape with a smooth surface.Formulated MTX-NC demonstrated higher in-vitro anticancer activity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The concentration of the drug needed for growth inhibition of was 47% for free MTX(80µg/ml) while it was -35.6% for the MTX-NC (80µg/ml) . Furthermore, the LC50 value of free MTX and MTX-NC was NE and 75.3µg/ml respectivelty.GI50 value of free MTX and MTX-NC was <10µg/ml. The results indicate that the MTX- NC has the potential to be applied for targeting anticancer drug delivery.
Changes in Adherence to Oral Medications of People With Mental Illness During the Pandemic: Neuroticism and Conscientiousness Personality Traits Moderate the Effect of Medication Beliefs
Authors: Ferretti Fabio , Goracci Arianna , Laurenzi Pier Francesco , Centola Rossella , Crecchi Irene , De Luca Aldo , Monzillo Janette , Guidi Omar , Sinigaglia Giusy , Cuomo Alessandro , Bolognesi Simone , Travagli Valter , Fagiolini Andrea , Coluccia Anna , Pozza Andrea
Published: March 2022

Objectives. After the declaration of pandemic status in several countries, the continuity of face-to-face visits in psychiatric facilities has been delayed, or even interrupted to reduce viral spread. Little is known about the personality factors associated with medication beliefs and adherence amongst individuals with mental illness during COVID-19 pandemic. This longitudinal study explored whether the big-five personality traits prospectively moderate the effects of medication beliefs on changes in adherence during the pandemic for a group of outpatients with psychosis or bipolar disorder. Results. Thirteen outpatients undergoing face-to-face follow-up assessments during the pandemic were included (41 observations overall). Participants had stronger concerns about their psychiatric medications rather than beliefs about their necessity, and adherence to medications was generally low. Participants with higher necessity beliefs had a better adherence to medications than those who perceived less their benefits. People with higher conscientiousness and neuroticism traits and more concerned about the medication side effects had a poorer adherence.These preliminary data suggest the importance of a careful assessment of the adherence to medications amongst people with psychosis/bipolar disorder during the pandemic. Interventions aimed to improve adherence might focus on patients’ medication beliefs and their conscientiousness and neuroticism personality traits.
Bio quantum path duality metamorphosizes Newtonian rigid inertia into topological bio-inertia
Authors: Lai Yi Yu
Published: March 2022

Newtonian inertia has initiated science centuries ago and dictates modern society with isolated logic systems. The hidden premise of this system is rigid existence in an isolated environment that defies any internal motion. Later presented equivalent principle and the T-symmetry reversible processes also follow such a notion. However, bio-inertia originates from the blind spots of this system. (Surface tension inversion as the most universal interaction is sacrificed for methodological isolation/test purposes and then neglected by science.) We define and experiment bio-inertia as “parameter-against-gravity-internal-motion”, revealing inversion time or memory which maintains bio-systems in an entropy-controlled state originates from topological event inversion superposition of bio quantum paths, conventional quantum collapse instancy is then extended to lifespan. Bio quantum path duality physically equivalent inversion time between Planck regions and surface tension regions by a string or surface tension topological property equation drives biological functioning and evolution, which is generalized as the Basic Law of evolution. The topological copy quiddity of life is then unveiled.
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound or Uterine Artery Embolization combined with ultrasound-guided dilatation and curettage in Cesarean scar pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gan yanqiong , Zhou Yuqin , Wang Yanlin , Jing Qiao , Zhang Feng , Shi Qi
Published: March 2022

BackgroundCesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a rare and new form of ectopic pregnancy. With increasing rate of cesarean delivery worldwide during the decades, the incidence of CSP increases as well. It may cause massive hemorrhage, uterine rupture, placenta percreta, hysterectomy or even maternal death. This study is to compare the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and uterine artery embolization (UAE) associated with ultrasound-guided dilatation and curettage (UGDC) in three types of CSP. Methods403 CSP patients were treated with UGDC after pretreatment. Among them, 288 patients chose HIFU before UGDC, while the others (n=115) chose UAE. The body mass index (BMI), gravidity, parity, the number of cesarean delivery, the interval of previous cesarean delivery (PCD), the length, thickness and width of uterus and gestational sac, fetal cardiac activity, the types of CSP, the baseline of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), the value of β-HCG before and 24 hours after pretreatment, hospital expenditure, the value of hemoglobin before and 24 hours after dilatation and curettage (D&C) and severe complications were collected and compared between the two groups. ResultsAll patients were successfully treated without severe complications. There was no significant difference in maternal age, BMI, gravidity, parity, the number of cesarean delivery, the interval of PCD, the volume of uterus and gestational sac, fetal heart activity, types of CSP and baseline serum β-HCG level between the two groups. The median hospital expenditure and blood loss were less in HIFU group and the median decline rate of β-HCG was higher in HIFU group (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.006, respectively). 39 (13.54%) patients in HIFU group, while 21 (18.26%) cases in UAE group used Foley balloon to control the vaginal bleeding.ConclusionBoth HIFU and UAE combined with UGDC have high successful rate in the treatment of CSP. While, HIFU followed by UGDC might be better for less hospital expenditure, blood loss and higher decline rate of β-HCG.
Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Drought and Flood Considering the Influence of Underlying Surface in Hainan Island, Tropical Areas of China
Authors: Ye Changqing , Zou Yi , He Yanhu , Lin Youwen , Li Dan , Zhu Lirong
Published: March 2022

Most studies of temporal and spatial distribution characteristics for droughts and floods analysis were conducted only from the perspective of a single factor (precipitation), while ignoring the impact of the characteristics of the underlying surface on the formation of droughts and floods. Using the daily precipitation data of 88 meteorological stations in Hainan province from 1970 to 2019, the 30m resolution DEM data and land use dataset, etc, the precipitation Z index is used to evaluate the drought and flood levels in Hainan. The analysis results were revised by underlying surface data to evaluate the spatiotemporal characteristics of the drought and flood area in Hainan. The drought-prone areas and flood prone areas in Hainan Island were divided, and on this basis, the set pair analysis method was used to identify the regions with alternating drought and flood areas in Hainan. The results show that the overall arid area shows an obvious downward trend, while the flood area presents an increasing trend. The drought-prone areas throughout the year are more concentrated in the northeast of Hainan Island, while flood prone areas are mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas. The regions where drought and flood occur alternately are small but concentrated. The drought and flood prone areas and alternate drought and flood areas before and after the revision by the underlying surface were compared. It can be seen that the overall trend is relatively similar and obvious before and after the revision. The result of drought areas before revision is 7.97 times larger than that after revision. The flood prone areas before revision are 2.91 times larger than that after revision. Finally, combining climate and underlying surface factors, suggestions for drought and flood prevention are put forward.
Maker-Literacy
Authors: Meißner Stefan
Published: March 2022

Der Aufsatz führt in das Konzept der Maker-Literacy ein. Damit soll das Verständnis digitaler Bildung um die Dimension des Machen-Könnens im Sinne eigenmächtiger Eingriffsmöglichkeiten in digitale Kultur erweitert werden. Making, verstanden als digitales Basteln, stellt in dieser Perspektive produktive Einübungsweisen in digitale Kultur in Aussicht, die durch eine spezifische Komplexitätskompetenz gekennzeichnet werden können. Um diese These argumentativ nachvollziehbar zu gestalten, verfolgt der Text einen Dreischritt: Ausgehend von einer Positionierung in der digitalen Kultur (1) entwickelt er einerseits eine Perspektive auf Making als digitales Basteln und stellt andererseits das genutzte Literacy-Konzept vor (2). Anhand einer Kontrastierung mit der Literalität des Schreibens und Lesens wird eine spezifische Maker-Literalität entwickelt und präsentiert, die Making als wichtige Komponente des Umgangs mit und der Einübung in digitale(r) Kultur beschreibt (3).
Legal aspects of assessing the quality of medical care
Authors: Netesin E. S. , Gorbachev Vladimir I. , Utkin N. N.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The analysis of adverse outcomes of medical care allows to identify the causes and eliminate the possibility of their further recurrence, and contributes to the accumulation of practical experience. Objectives. To determine the degree of correlation of examinations of the quality of medical care conducted by medical organizations, insurance companies and investigating authorities, and to assess the validity of using the expression “defect in the provision of medical care”. Materials and methods. The main research method was the analysis of the conclusions of the Commission for the Study of Lethal Outcomes (CSLO), acts of inspections of the quality examination conducted by insurance companies and the conclusions of forensic medical examinations for the frequency of use of the expression “defect in the provision of medical care”, “medical error”, “shortcomings in the provision of medical help”. The data was obtained from the results of a study of 24 CSLO protocols, 15 acts of quality examination inspections conducted by insurance companies and 12 forensic medical examination reports. In all cases, the studied documents were associated with adverse outcomes of medical care, with the participation of anesthesiologists-resuscitators. Results. When analyzing these documents, it was found that the expression “defect in the provision of medical care” is more often found in the conclusions of forensic medical examinations — 91.7 %. When examining the quality of medical care, this term is found in only 13.3 % and in the protocols of CSLO in 54.2 %, and “deficiencies in the provision of medical care” — in 41.6 %. Conclusions. The analysis revealed that in the documents reflecting the quality of care, there is a terminology that is different in meaning and content, which does not allow to objectively reflect the degree of the admitted deficiency and its impact on the outcome of the disease.
Anesthesia and intensive care for patients with COVID-19. Russian Federation of anesthesiologists and reanimatologists guidelines
Authors: Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Kirov M. Yu. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Protsenko D. N. , Avdeev S. N. , Andreenko A. A. , Arsentyev L. V. , Afonchikov V. S. , Afukov I. I. , Belkin A. A. , Boeva E. A. , Bulanov A. Yu. , Vasiliev Ya. I. , Vlasenko A. V. , Gorbachev V. I. , Grigoryev E. V. , Grigoryev S. V. , Eremenko A. A. , Ershov E. N. , Zamyatin M. N. , Ivanova G. E. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Kulikov A. V. , Kulikov A. V. , Lakhin R. E.
Published: March 2022

In the process of developing the recommendations, the publications of the official websites of the Russian Federation, the electronic databases of the RSCI, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were analyzed by the developers independently of each other. The date of the last search query was November 1, 2021. To develop the recommendations for the Guidelines, documents were used that directly describe the features of the management of patients with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 (recommendations and guidelines — 35; randomized clinical trials and Cochrane Reviews — 23; observational and comparative studies — 134; other documents, notes and comments — 72). Compared to the previous, 5th, version of the recommendations, 35 provisions have been corrected in 10 sections. The provisions of the current version of the recommendations highlight the specifics of anesthesia, intensive care, rehabilitation, resuscitation measures, manipulation, transportation, prevention of the spread of COVID-19 in the implementation of these activities. Methods of protecting personnel from infection with COVID-19 during manipulations, anesthesia and intensive care are considered. The features of respiratory support, extracorporeal detoxification, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, thromboprophylaxis, drug interactions are described. The features of the management of pregnant women, children, patients with concomitant diseases, the principles of the formation of stocks of drugs and consumables are considered. For management of COVID-19 patients, the following were specified and supplemented: 1) indications and contraindications for the administration of drugs (acetaminophen, glucocorticosteroids, remdesevir, tocilizumab, baricitinab, statins, convalescent plasma), depending on the severity of the disease; 2) features of intensive care for concomitant diseases (cardiovascular system, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, arrhythmia); 3) the timing of elective surgery in patients who survive COVID-19, and post vaccination; 4) thromboprophylaxis and management of coagulation disorders; 5) regulatory and legal documents concerning the activities of healthcare workers facing COVID-19.
Effect of dolomitic limestone and organic fertilizers on some physical-chemical properties and the structure of a Vertisol
Authors: Cairo Pedro Cairo , Armas Joaquin Machado de , Martin Bladimir Diaz , Lopez Oralia Rodriguez
Published: March 2022

The application of natural mineral and organic fertilizers can increase soil productivity. The work was carried out in Vertisols sugarcane areas on the North coast of the province of Villa Clara, municipality of Sagua la Grande, Cuba, with the objective of assessing the effect of dolomitic limestone and organic fertilizers on some physical-chemical properties of a Vertisol. An experiment was conducted with dolomitic limestone levels and combinations of organic fertilizers (4 t ha-1 compost, 15 t ha-1 sugarcane filter cake) and fertilizers (NPK). The design used was stripe blocks. The soil analysis data used at the depth of 0-20 and 20-40 cm were at 8, 19 and 36 months after application of the treatments. The following indicators were evaluated: structure factor, permeability, stable aggregates, plasticity, T value, and exchangeable cations. The Ca/Mg ratio reached a maximum value of 2.58, which shows in the effect of the treatments on the interchangeable cations. Dolomitic limestone and its combinations with organic fertilizers showed significant positive effects on soil structure and consistency, both in the surface layer and in the subsoil, with residual impact over time up to 36 months. The results obtained showed a change in the category of structural indicators from regular to excellent (permeability 1.50-2.40) and from plasticity to moderately plastic (Plastic index 36.64 -13.72)
Morphological and phylogenetic characterization of Fusarium Link
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo de Jesus Machado Gois de , Rodrigues Antonia Alice Costa , Silva Erlen Keila Candido e , Oliveira Anna Christina Sanazário de , Barros Maria Claudene , Fraga Elmary da Costa , Nascimento Ivaneide de Oliveira , Silva Maria Rosangela Malheiros
Published: March 2022

Identification of Fusarium isolates in a sample at the species level is an important and difficult task because many Fusarium species have similar morphological characteristics. The phylogenetic relations of species have been applied in Fusarium systematic and may solve taxonomic difficulties. The aim of the present study is to characterize pathogeny of Fusarium isolates through morphological analysis (concept of morphological species) associated with symptoms in hosts together with phylogeny analysis (concept of phylogenetic species) using internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of ribosomal DNA for species identification. For the morphological characterization, Fusarium isolates were grown in PDA culture medium. Then, they were classified based on colony color and the microconidial, macroconidial and chlamydospore structures. The isolates were characterized molecularly by amplifying and sequencing the ITS region of the ribosomal DNA. The sequences generated were compared with those placed in the Genbank and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed. Out of 14 isolates characterized morphologically and molecularly, five isolates were grouped in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex in the Liseola section, seven presented characteristics of species from the Elegans section within the F. oxysporum species complex and two isolates presented characteristics of the section Gibbosum species complex in the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Thus, seven isolates (section Elegans) belonged to the species F. oxysporum, two isolates (section Gibbosum) to the species F. equiseti. However, the ITS region of the ribosomal DNA did not provide sufficient evidence to define the species of G. fujikuroi species
Antixenosis in cotton genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum var. marie galante) to Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) mediated by trichome and gossypol densities
Authors: Silva Patrícia Vaz da Costa da , Junior Célio Borella , Jesus Flávio Gonçalves de , Hoffmann Lúcia Vieira , Menezes Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto de
Published: March 2022

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important crops in Brazil and pest incidence limits its yields. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), native to tropical and subtropical America, spread and rapidly became an invasive pest worldwide. It is a polyphagous pest that feeds on up to 353 plant species including cotton. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antixenosis to S. frugiperda in 27 cotton genotypes, comparing varieties with non- commercial genotypes. The attractiveness was estimated in no-choice and free-choice tests, offering leaf discs of the 27 cotton genotypes to S. frugiperda, and counting the number of caterpillars feeding at 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes and 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours after their release. The numbers of trichomes and gossypol glands per cm2 were measured on abaxial and adaxial surface. The free-choice test was performed in a randomized block design with the 27 genotypes (treatments) and 20 arenas (replicates). The no-choice assay was conducted as a completely randomized design with 18 genotypes and 20 replicates. The non-commercial genotypes PI0440, CE0467, PI0416, BA0512 and MA0425 presented antixenosis against S. frugiperda. In the free-choice test the cultivar BRS Buriti and the genotype PI0429 were the most attractive to S. frugiperda, while in no-choice test, the genotype PI0429 was the most attractive. High trichome density and gossypol glands did not influence the attractiveness of S. frugiperda in cotton genotypes, while the absence of trichomes was repellent to the caterpillars. There is polymorphism among cotton genotypes to attractiveness to the pest, and the genotypes with antixenosis can be used in future study in plant breeding program as donor source of resistance to S. frugiperda
Influence of small businesses on increasing the innovative potential of sciences
Authors: Барковская В.Е.
Published: March 2022

В статье обозначен сектор малого бизнеса как инструмент повышения инновационного потенциала наукоградов. Проведен анализ наукоградов в Московской области и состояния малого бизнеса в инновационно-технологическом наукограде Королёв, где отражена доля малого бизнеса в секторах экономики, оборот малых предприятий и их затраты на инновационную деятельность. Сформулированы направления инновационного развития наукоградов и обозначены показатели, которых необходимо достигнуть. По результатам анализа значения малого бизнеса в повышении инновационного потенциала наукоградов, автором предложены: показатели для оценки инновационного потенциала наукоградов, внедрение онлайн-платформы для предпринимателей, меры по упрощению регистрации субъектов малого бизнеса и организация муниципально-частного партнерства, путем взаимодействия малых предприятий и муниципальных органов власти.

The article identifies the small business sector as a tool for increasing the innovative potential of science cities. The analysis of science cities in the Moscow region and the state of small business in the innovation and technological science city of Korolev, which reflects the share of small business in the sectors of the economy, the turnover of small businesses and their costs for innovation. The directions of innovative development of science cities are formulated and indicators that need to be achieved are indicated. Based on the results of the analysis of the importance of small business in increasing the innovative potential of science cities, the author proposed: indicators for assessing the innovative potential of science cities, the introduction of an online platform for entrepreneurs, measures to simplify the registration of small businesses and the organization of municipal-private partnerships through the interaction of small enterprises and municipal authorities.
The use of special economic zones as a tax instrument for spatial development in the context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Косенкова Ю.Ю.
Published: March 2022

Переход к Индустрии 4.0 предъявляет к органам власти Российской Федерации определенные требования в части стимулирования пространственного развития. В статье рассмотрено использование особых экономических зон в качестве инструмента пространственного развития, а также рассмотрена возможность и целесообразность использования исключительно налоговых методов для достижения поставленной цели.

The transition to Industry 4.0 requires the application of measures to stimulate spatial development. The article discusses the use of special economic zones as a tool for spatial development. In addition, the possibility and feasibility of using exclusively tax methods to achieve this goal is considered.
Assessment of the innovative infrastructure of the external environment of small enterprises and their innovativeness
Authors: Горохова А.Е. , Зайцев И.А.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрены изменения в инновационной инфраструктуре вокруг малого предприятия, произошедшие в условиях цифровой экономики, как технические, так и образовательно-управленческие. Рассмотрены планы по развитию инновационной инфраструктуры до 2024 года, включающие в себя переход народного хозяйства на новые цифровые стандарты работы, а также совершенствование кадрового состава, обучение цифровой грамотности населения. Проведен анализ взаимосвязи инновационной инфраструктуры и инновационной деятельности малого предприятия, найдены общие моменты, что позволяет выработать стратегию взаимосвязанного развития. Рассмотрены методики оценки инновационной инфраструктуры и инновационной деятельности малого предприятия в условиях цифровой экономики.

The article examines the changes in the innovation infrastructure around a small enterprise that have occurred in the digital economy, both technical and educational and managerial. Plans for the development of innovative infrastructure until 2024 were considered, including a transitional national economy to new digital work standards, as well as improving the staff, teaching digital literacy of the population. The analysis of the relationship between the innovation infrastructure and the innovative activity of a small enterprise is carried out, common points are found, which allows the use of a strategy of interrelated development. Methods for assessing the innovative infrastructure and innovative activities of a small enterprise are considered in the conditions of the russian digital economy.
Comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic development of the region
Authors: Доменко Ю.Ю.
Published: March 2022

Проводится исследование по оценке социально-экономического развития региона через анализ имеющегося и использующегося потенциала муниципальных образований. Проводимый анализ позволяет определить особенности муниципальных образований и принятия на их территориях соответствующих видов стратегий социально-экономического развития.

A study is being conducted to assess the socio-economic development of the region, through an analysis of the existing and used potential of municipalities. The analysis makes it possible to determine the characteristics of municipalities and the adoption of appropriate types of strategies for socio-economic development on their territories.
Prospects for the use of composite flame-retardant materials for fire-fighting purposes
Authors: Абразумов В.В. , Фролов С.В. , Токарева О.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлен обзор существующих огнезащитных материалов и покрытий для целей противопожарной защиты конструкций и личного состава пожарных формирований. Рассмотрены механизмы действия компонентов огнезащитных покрытий в условиях действия конвективных потоков тепловой энергии. Выполнен обзор современных огнестойких экранов для защиты пожарных при тушении техногенных пожаров. Предложены пути разработки огнестойких материалов для создания защитных укрытий при тушении лесных пожаров в экстремальных условиях.

The article presents an overview of existing fire-retardant materials and coatings for the purposes of fire protection of structures and personnel of fire brigades. The mechanisms of action of the components of flame-retardant coatings under the action of convective heat energy flows are considered. A review of modern fire-resistant screens for the protection of firefighters in extinguishing man-made fires has been carried out. The ways of developing fire-resistant materials for creating protective shelters for extinguishing forest fires are proposed in extreme conditions.
Problems of multiple use of liquid rocket propulsion systems
Authors: Бершадский В.А.
Published: March 2022

Сформулированы недостатки двигательных установок жидкостных ракет однократного применения для транспортировки на околоземные орбиты и возвращения на Землю необходимых грузов. В результате анализа ряда публикаций в научно-технической литературе установлены проблемы создания и многократного применения жидкостных ракетных двигателей и научно-технические задачи, которые требуют первоочередных решений. Определены основные направления решения задач на концептуальном и оперативном уровнях в части обеспечения надёжной и безопасной полётной эксплуатации двигательных установок многократного применения, их живучести и межполётного обслуживания.

The disadvantages of single-use liquid-propellant rocket propulsion systems for transporting the necessary cargo to near-Earth orbits and returning it to Earth are formulated. As a result of the analysis of a number of publications in the scientific and technical literature, the problems of creating and repeatedly using liquid rocket engines and scientific and technical tasks that require priority solutions are established. The main directions of solving problems at the conceptual and operational levels in terms of ensuring reliable and safe flight operation of multiple-use propulsion systems, their survivability and inter-flight maintenance are determined.
Numerical and expert-oriented method of choosing the parameters of Sun-synchronous orbits for wide-scale monitoring Northern Russia regions
Authors: Степанов Г.Н.
Published: March 2022

Среди многообразия различных типов орбит выделяется класс солнечно-синхронных (ССО). Традиционно они используются космическими аппаратами дистанционного зондирования Земли (ДЗЗ). В статье приводятся результаты оценки и анализа параметров солнечно-синхронных круговых орбит с целью обеспечения оптимальных режимов освещённости трассы КА, характеристик обзора поверхности Земли, видимости КА с наземных пунктов с учетом требований и ограничений.

Among the variety of orbits, sun synchronous orbit holds a special place. They are traditionally employed by Earth surveying spacecraft. Article covers evaluation results and parameters analysis for circular sun synchronous orbits - to ensure optimal illumination along satellite ground track, Earth surface observational conditions, satellite visibility from ground stations with related requirements and limitations.
Assessment of the Readiness of the Equipment of the Launch Space Complex at the Early Stages of its Creation
Authors: Эртман Л.В. , Рудаков В.Б.
Published: March 2022

Оценивание готовности оборудования стартового космического комплекса (СКК) на этапе его создания вызывает существенные затруднения вследствие отсутствия или недостаточного объема экспериментальных данных о характеристиках его надежности. В настоящей статье предлагается осуществлять оценивание готовности СКК на основе таких характеристик как: характеристики надежности его элементов, структурная схема надежности на уровне элементов, алгоритм его функционирования в период дежурства, проектные значения показателей восстановления работоспособного состояния при возникновении отказа, проектные характеристики системы диагностики. Предлагаются математические зависимости и способы имитационного моделирования, которые используют данные характеристики СКК для расчета коэффициента готовности СКК.

Assessing the readiness of the equipment of the launch space complex (LSC) at the stage of its creation causes significant difficulties due to the lack or insufficient amount of experimental data on the characteristics of its reliability. In the article, we propose to evaluate the readiness of the LSC based on such characteristics as: reliability characteristics of its elements, a structural diagram of reliability at the level of elements, an algorithm for its operating during duty, project values of indicators for restoring the operational state in the event of a failure, project characteristics of the diagnostic system. In addition, we propose mathematical dependencies and simulation methods used these LSC characteristics for calculating of the LSC readiness coefficient.