bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mexican traditional medicines for women’s reproductive health
Authors: Cabada-Aguirre Paulina , López López Alice M. , Mendoza Keila C. Ostos , Garay Buenrostro Karen D. , Luna-Vital Diego A. , Mahady Gail B.
Published: February 2023

Like China, Mexico has a traditional system of medicine dating back almost 5000 years that incorporates the healing practices of pre-Columbian civilizations, including the Maya and Aztec. Mexican Traditional Medicine (MTM) women depend on MTM practices and herbal medicines for their primary healthcare needs as limited access and high costs of Western medicine is a significant problem. The aims of this work were to determine the medicinal plants more commonly used in MTM for women’s reproductive health issues and assess the clinical data supporting their use. Data from multiple sources was compiled and information on plants commonly used by women in Mexico MTM for the treatment of fertility and menstruation issues, pregnancy, and menopause was analyzed. Analysis of the data show that 185 species of plants representing > 60 families were used for a wide range of reproductive health issues. Some of these plants have been used in MTM for fertility regulation in women of which 35 species were used as emmenagogues and abortifacients. Approximate 40 species were used for the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, heavy menstrual bleeding, and dysmenorrhea. In terms of pregnancy, 35 species were used for postpartum care and to facilitate breastfeeding, 16 species were used as oxytocic agents to induce labor and speed birth, and six plant species were used to prevent miscarriage. Fourteen plant species were reported to treat infertility or promote fertility, and seven species were used to treat uterine prolapse. Three plants species were reported to treat menopause and two plants were used for osteoporosis. Analysis of the clinical data for commonly used medicinal plants showed some clinical support for the use of these plants in MTM. In Mexico, women use medicinal plants for almost every aspect of reproductive health. While some plants have clinical data, most medicinal plants used in MTM have no safety or efficacy data available and could serve as the basis of future investigations.
The deficiency of poly-β-1,6-N-acetyl-glucosamine deacetylase trigger A. baumannii to convert to biofilm-independent colistin-tolerant cells
Authors: Lai Shu-Jung , Tu I-Fan , Tseng Tien-Sheng , Tsai Yu-Hsuan , Wu Shih-Hsiung
Published: February 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen that can be resistant to antibiotics by rapidly modulating its anti-drug mechanisms. The multidrug-resistant A. baumannii has been considered one of the most threatening pathogens to our society. Biofilm formation and persistent cells within the biofilm matrix are recognized as intractable problems, especially in hospital-acquired infections. Poly-β-1,6-N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) is one of the important building blocks in A. baumannii’s biofilm. Here, we discover a protein phosphoryl-regulation on PNAG deacetylase, AbPgaB1, in which residue Ser411 was phosphorylated. The phosphoryl-regulation on AbPgaB1 modulates the product turnover rate in which deacetylated PNAG is produced and reflected in biofilm production. We further uncovered the PgaB deficient A. baumannii strain shows the lowest level of biofilm production but has a high minimal inhibition concentration to antibiotic colistin and tetracycline. Based on bactericidal post-antibiotic effects and time-dependent killing assays with antibacterial drugs, we claim that the PgaB-deficient A. baumannii converts to colistin-tolerant cells. This study utilizes a biofilm-independent colistin-tolerant model of A. baumannii to further investigate its characteristics and mechanisms to better understand clinical outcomes.
Functional space analyses reveal the function and evolution of the most bizarre theropod manual unguals
Authors: Qin Zichuan , Liao Chun-Chi , Benton Michael J. , Rayfield Emily J.
Published: February 2023

Maniraptoran dinosaurs include the ancestors of birds, and most used their hands for grasping and in flight, but early-branching maniraptorans had extraordinary claws of mysterious function. Alvarezsauroids had short, strong arms and hands with a stout, rock-pick-like, single functional finger. Therizinosaurians had elongate fingers with slender and sickle-like unguals, sometimes over one metre long. Here we develop a comprehensive methodological framework to investigate what the functions of these most bizarre bony claws are and how they formed. Our analysis includes finite element analysis and a newly established functional-space analysis and also involves shape and size effects in an assessment of function and evolution. We find a distinct functional divergence among manual unguals of early-branching maniraptorans, and we identify a complex relationship between their structural strength, morphological specialisations, and size changes. Our analysis reveals that efficient digging capabilities only emerged in late-branching alvarezsauroid forelimbs, rejecting the hypothesis of functional vestigial structures like T. rex. Our results also support the statement that most therizinosaurians were herbivores. However, the bizarre, huge Therizinosaurus had sickle-like unguals of such length that no mechanical function has been identified; we suggest they were decorative and lengthened by peramorphic growth linked to increased body size.
Semiconductor quantum dots in photoelectrochemical sensors from fabrication to biosensing applications
Authors: Qureshi Anjum , Shaikh Tayyaba , Niazi Javed H.
Published: February 2023

Development of photoelectrochemical sensors interfaced with semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as a promising approach for fabricating new photoelectrodes and photoelectrochemistry systems suitable for energy storage and biosensing applications.
pH-Switchable Pickering miniemulsion enabled by carbon quantum dots for quasi-homogenized biphasic catalytic system
Authors: Ni Lin , Yu Chang , Xie Yuanyang , Wei Qianbing , Liu Dongming , Tan Xinyi , Ding Yiwang , Qiu Jieshan
Published: February 2023

Carbon quantum dot-stabilized pH-switchable Pickering miniemulsion enables a quasi-homogenized and enhanced biphasic catalytic system.
In situ surface regulation of 3D perovskite using diethylammonium iodide for highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yue Xiaopeng , Yang Yingying , Zhao Xing , Fan Bingbing , Yan Huilin , Qu Shujie , Zhang Qiang , Lan Zhineng , Du Shuxian , Huang Hao , Yan Luyao , Wang Xinxin , Cui Peng , Ma Junfeng , Li Meicheng
Published: February 2023

Diethylammonium iodide is used for the first time to regulate the 3D perovskite surface via the in situ formation of 2D perovskite. The target device achieves a high efficiency of 23.50% with negligible hysteresis.
A 5 V-class cobalt-free battery cathode with high loading enabled by dry coating
Authors: Yao Weiliang , Chouchane Mehdi , Li Weikang , Bai Shuang , Liu Zhao , Li Letian , Chen Alexander X. , Sayahpour Baharak , Shimizu Ryosuke , Raghavendran Ganesh , Schroeder Marshall A. , Chen Yu-Ting , Tan Darren H. S. , Sreenarayanan Bhagath , Waters Crystal K. , Sichler Allison , Gould Benjamin , Kountz Dennis J. , Lipomi Darren J. , Zhang Minghao , Meng Ying Shirley
Published: February 2023

“Thick electrode using high voltage cathode” can be considered, since this research focuses on high voltage cathode materials.
Indexical and statistical approaches to investigate the integrated origins of elements in the sediment of Teesta River, Bangladesh: sediment quality and ecological risk assessment
Authors: Khan Rahat , Hossain Shabiha , Anik Amit Hasan , Phoungthong Khamphe , Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Saha Narottam , Idris Abubakr M. , Alam Mahbub
Published: February 2023

This study investigates ecological consequences from the combined provenance (natural and manmade) of fifteen metal(oid)s (Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U) from a major Indo-Bangla transboundary river (Teesta).
A two-stage Cd purification method with anion exchange resin and BPHA extraction resin for high precision determination of Cd isotopic compositions by double spike MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Zhong Qiao-Hui , Li Jie , Yin Lu , Shen Neng-Ping , Yan Shuang , Wang Zhao-Yang , Zhu Chun-Hui
Published: February 2023

A two-stage Cd purification method with anion exchange resin and BPHA extraction resin is developed to purify Cd from geological materials for high precision determination of Cd isotopic compositions by double spike MC-ICP-MS.
High-throughput mechanophenotyping of multicellular spheroids using a microfluidic micropipette aspiration chip
Authors: Boot Ruben C. , Roscani Alessio , van Buren Lennard , Maity Samadarshi , Koenderink Gijsje H. , Boukany Pouyan E.
Published: February 2023

Microfluidic micropipette aspiration device allows for high-throughput mechanophenotyping of tens of multicellular spheroids per day.
Cyclometallated iridium NHC complexes containing self-isomerised ligands as catalysts for hydrosilylation and transfer hydrogenation reactions
Authors: van Vuuren Estefan , Malan Frederick P. , Landman Marilé
Published: February 2023

Cyclometallated Ir(iii) NHC complexes were applied as catalysts in hydrosilylation reactions of internal alkynes and transfer hydrogenation reactions.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of multi-pharmacophore-containing spiropolycyclic harmaline-based hybrids as anticancer agents
Authors: Chen Shuang , Yu Ze-Hua , Wang Wei-Na , Chen Zi-Yue , Pan Bo-Wen , Chen Lin , Zhou Ying , Liu Xiong-Wei , Liu Xiong-Li
Published: February 2023

This is the first example of the construction of harmaline-based spiropolycyclic scaffolds using harmaline-based N–C synthons and evaluation of 3cb as an anticancer agent.
Surface distortion of FeRu nanoparticles improves the hydrogen evolution reaction performance in alkaline media
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Hong Eunseo , Hong Yonghoon , Kim Jeonghyeon , Kabiraz Mrinal Kanti , Kim Young-Min , Lee Hangil , Seo Won Seok , Choi Sang-Il
Published: February 2023

Surface-distorted FeRu NPs tune the surface electronic structure, accelerate the electron transfer at Ru active sites, and enhance the water dissociation ability, resulting in improved alkaline HER performances.
Photochemical formation and reversible base-induced cleavage of a phosphagallene
Authors: Taeufer T. , Dankert F. , Michalik D. , Pospech J. , Bresien J. , Hering-Junghans C.
Published: February 2023

Gallaphosphenes in the spotlight: a photochemically induced PMe3 for Cp*Ga exchange at the phosphinidenes ArTerP gives rise to the formation of gallaphosphenes, which is fully reversible when the lights are off.
Soy protein nanoparticles prepared by enzymatic cross-linking with enhanced emulsion stability
Authors: Sun Peilong , Sun Weijun , Wei Zhengxun , Wu Sihong , Xiang Ning
Published: February 2023

Soy protein nanoparticles (SPNPs) were developed by mTG induced cross-linking with enhanced emulsion stability and antioxidant activity compared to native SPI.
C–H bond activations by the HO˙/(Salophent-Bu)Co(ii) radical pair generated via homolysis of a terminal Co(iii)–OH bond
Authors: Zhang Jia , Li Songyi , Fang Huayi
Published: February 2023

The reactive HO˙/(Salophent-Bu)Co(ii) radical pair was generated via a terminal Co(iii)–OH bond homolysis in hydroxocobalt(iii) complexes. Based on this process, C–H bond activations in different substrates were achieved under ambient conditions.
Highly anisotropic and ultra-diffusive vacancies in α-antimonene
Authors: Lu Ning , Hu Xin , Jiang Jiaxin , Guo Hongyan , Zuo Gui Zhong , Zhuo Zhiwen , Wu Xiaojun , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: February 2023

α-Antimonene has recently been successfully fabricated in experiment; hence, it is timely to examine how various types of point defects in α-antimonene can affect its novel electronic properties.
Bilateral metalloheterocyclic systems based on palladacycle and piperidine-2,4-dione pharmacophores
Authors: Bulygina Ludmila A. , Khrushcheva Natalya S. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Dorovatovskii Pavel , Strelkova Tatiana V. , Alexeev Michael S. , Mandegani Zeinab , Nabavizadeh S. Masoud , Kuznetsov Nikolai Yu.
Published: February 2023

The design of molecules with effective anticancer properties constructed from both dually active metal complex and organic fragments is a novel trend in medicinal chemistry.
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C–H alkylation of arylhydrophthalazinediones with α-Cl ketones as sp3-carbon alkylated agents
Authors: Li He , Gu Haichun , Xu Ning , Lu Ye , Jin Xinxin , Li Jiaqi , Guo Hongyu , Cao Dawei , Liu Jinglin
Published: February 2023

A C–H alkylation of arylhydrophthalazinediones catalyzed by [Cp*RhCl2]2is developed using α-Cl ketones as sp3-carbon alkylated agents.
Triaza-tricyclanos – synthesis of a new class of tricyclic nucleoside analogues by stereoselective cascade cyclocondensation
Authors: Bege Miklós , Herczeg Mihály , Bereczki Ilona , Debreczeni Nóra , Bényei Attila , Herczegh Pál , Borbás Anikó
Published: February 2023

Conformationally constrained tricyclic morpholino-nucleosides containing three new chirality centers were prepared with full stereoselectivity, through two consecutive hemiaminal-imidazolidine cascade reactions.
Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis synthesis of TiO2/Al2O3 microspheres with enhanced removal efficiency towards toxic industrial dyes
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong Anh , Quang Duong Tuan , Tan Le Van , Vo The Ky
Published: February 2023

Developing low-cost and highly effective adsorbent materials to decolorate wastewater is still challenging in the industry.
Simple and scalable electrosynthesis of 1H-1-hydroxy-quinazolin-4-ones
Authors: Koleda Olesja , Prenzel Tobias , Winter Johannes , Hirohata Tomoki , de Jesús Gálvez-Vázquez María , Schollmeyer Dieter , Inagi Shinsuke , Suna Edgars , Waldvogel Siegfried R.
Published: February 2023

The method described offers a simple and sustainable tool for the selective electrochemical synthesis of N-hydroxy and N-oxy quinazolin-4-ones under mild electrolysis conditions with a broad scope, utilizing carbon-based electrode materials.
Uncovering the untapped potential of copper(I) sulphide toward lithium-ion storage under ultra-low temperatures
Authors: Chen Yifan , Wang Jinze , Hong Youran , Yang Yusi , Tan Lulu , Li Nan , Ma Can , Wang Jiangwei , Fan Xiulin , Zhu Yujie
Published: February 2023

The superior lithium storage performance of commercially available Cu2S under ultra-low temperature (−60 °C) is uncovered. The detailed reaction mechanism and mechanistic understanding of the excellent low-temperature performances are proposed.
3D semantic map construction based on point cloud and image fusion
Authors: Li Huijun , Zhao Hailong , Ye Bin , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2023

Accurate and robust positioning and mapping are the core functions of autonomous mobile robots, and the ability to analyse and understand scenes is also an important criterion for the intelligence of autonomous mobile robots. In the outdoor environment, most robots rely on GPS positioning. When the signal is weak, the positioning error will interfere with the mapping results, making the semantic map construction less robust. This research mainly designs a semantic map construction system that does not rely on GPS signals for large outdoor scenes. It mainly designs a feature extraction scheme based on the sampling characteristics of Livox‐AVIA solid‐state LiDAR. The factor graph optimisation model of frame pose and inertial measurement unit (IMU) pre‐integrated pose, using a sliding window to fuse solid‐state LiDAR and IMU data, fuse laser inertial odometry and camera target detection results, refer to the closest point distance and curvature for semantic information. The point cloud is used for semantic segmentation to realise the construction of a 3D semantic map in outdoor scenes. The experiment verifies that laser inertial navigation odometry based on factor map optimisation has better positioning accuracy and lower overall cumulative error at turning, and the 3D semantic map obtained on this basis performs well.
Application of screw stacker combined with plate and frame filter press for dewatering of ultra magnetic sludge from river suspensions
Authors: Wu Lijun , Han Shengsheng , Shi Wenyu , Li Shiyi , Yan Qiao , Li Xiangru , Luo Xin
Published: February 2023

The black and odorous water body treatment projects promoted the application of various engineering solutions but also produced large quantity of solid waste, like the ultra-magnetic sludge (UMS) which is the river suspensions thickened and discharged by ultra-magnetic separator. Characterized by high concentration of water content, organic matter and compact structure, the dewatering of UMS will greatly benefit transportation and further use. In this study, the mechanical dewatering methods were tested and combined onsite in order to reduce the water content of UMS to 42~48%. The operating parameters and effects were discussed while the indexes of resultant UMS was analyzed shows promising use as land improvement agent.
Research progress of the non-point source pollution-based rainwater treatment technologies for urban and agricultural
Authors: Wang Jianguang , Li Shiyi , Fang Haifeng , Fu Shengjie , Ying Feng , Lin Xiaohu
Published: February 2023

Currently, the treatment of point source pollution has been basically com-pleted, and the development of non-point source pollution(NPP) has become a new threat to natural water. Unlike point source pollution, NPP is much more complex than point source pollution in terms of treatment difficulty and treatment measures. Therefore, NPP has gradually become the focus of researchers’ attention. This paper mainly reviews the current research status on the governance of NPP, precisely urban source and agricultural source pollution governance. In addition, the article reviews the treatment measures of NPP at the present stage, from source treatment, process blocking and end-of-pipe treatment. This thesis provides a more comprehensive overview of NPP treatment measures, which can provide a reference for further research and development of engineering practices on NPP.
Analysis of Vertical Characteristics of shallow wind in Northeast of Horqin Grassland
Authors: Shu Hailong , Song Weiwei , Xiao Kaitao , Guo Huichuang , Song Zhen
Published: February 2023

In the present study, an investigation was conducted into the characteristics of variation in shallow wind across the northeast Horqin grassland by using the wind tower data from 2016 to 2020. The investigative results demonstrate that northwest wind is dominant at the layers of 3.5-101m, followed by southwest wind and southeast wind in order. In spring, the different wind direction accounts for the same proportion. In summer, southwest and northeast winds are dominant. West wind and northwest wind prevail in autumn. In winter, northwest wind is in dominance. With the increase in height, the frequency of each wind speed becomes dispersed. The horizontal wind speed is mostly 2-4m/s at the layer of low than 20m and 5-6m/s at the layer of over 34m. In general, there is downdraft at the layer of 10 m and updraft at the layer of 55m and 101 m, respectively.
Comparative Study on Heating and Cooling Systems Integrated with Energy Storage
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Yuan Jing , Xu Zhixiang , Dai Fu , Ma Hang , Zheng Menglian
Published: February 2023

Taking a commercial building in Shanghai as an example, a list of cooling and heating systems are established and operation strategies are formulated. Based on the precondition that the excess electricity can be sold to the grid, the primary energy utilization rate and economices of the energy supply schemes are analyzed. The results show that compared with the traditional heating and cooling supply method, the combined cooling, heating, and power systems have better energy-saving and economic benefits. Additionally, the inclusion of the thermal energy storage yields additional economic benefits (up to 36% reduction in the CO2eq emissions and up to the 21% reduction in the total annual cost). Under the following-electric-load operation mode, the role of the thermal energy storage is to alleviate the temporal mismatch between the electric demand and the heating or cooling demand. To be specific, in the combined cooling, heating, and power systems, the total annual cost is reduced by up to 5.8% and the annual carbon dioxide equivalent emissions are reduced by up to 2.4% when the thermal energy storage is used. While under the following-electric-price operation mode, the performance of the CCHP system is largely subject to the natural gas price. Last, although heat pump systems are often regarded as efficient systems owing to the relatively high coefficient of performance of the heat pump, the energy supply through the heat pump systems may be carbon-emission-intensive currently.
Preliminary Study on Waste Incineration and Electricity Conversion in Macau
Authors: Chen Yile
Published: February 2023

Under the rapid development of the city, our city also produces a large amount of garbage, including ordinary household garbage, construction waste, and hazardous waste. Macau is a small area. If the domestic landfill method is adopted, the land area occupied by it will be the same as the land area of the entire Macau Peninsula. Therefore, as early as the mid-1980s, Macau established a waste treatment mode based on incineration and landfill supplementation. Since the waste incineration center’s completion in 1992, it has received three pieces of garbage with international advanced levels. In the treatment line, the exhaust gas reached the current EU emission standards. With the advocacy of the concept of eco-city construction, Macau’s urban waste treatment has also added a number of sustainable development measures, such as waste incineration, the production of fertilizer, and the recycling of household food waste. Based on field investigation and interview research, this study finally puts forward corresponding suggestions for the predicament of waste incineration in Macau.
Energy Saving Simulation of Phase Change Materials in the Enclosure Structure of Archives Warehouse in Different Climatic Regions
Authors: Chen Meihan , Jiang Li , Mi Shigang , Shen Xianming
Published: February 2023

Different climates in different regions have an important influence on the latent heat performance of PCMs, especially outdoor temperature and solar irradiance. This paper describes the addition of PCMs outside the archives warehouse in Guangzhou and Lhasa, and the temperature change and energy conservation of the exterior enclosure of the warehouse in summer and winter. In typical summer days in Guangzhou, PCMs with a phase change temperature of 30°C should be added to reduce the indoor cooling load by 23.91%. In typical winter days in Lhasa, PCMs with a phase change temperature of 8°C should be added, which can reduce the indoor heat load by 17.28%.
Study on Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment Index System of UHV AC Transmission and Transformation Engineering-A Case Study of 1000kv UHV Transmission and Transformation Engineering from Zhangbei to Xiongan
Authors: Song Jiming , Zhang Zhi , Yang Huaiwei , Wang Guanyi , Zhang Peng
Published: February 2023

Ultra-high voltage (UHV) power grid is a new transmission and transformation technology, which has the advantages of large transmission capacity, long transmission distance, low line loss, saving land resources and obvious economic benefits. Taking the Zhangbei-xiongan 1000kv AC high voltage power transmission and transformation project as an example, this paper constructs the eco-environmental index system of the UHV transmission and transformation project by using the pressure-state-response model, and constructs a set of 18 indexes eco-environmental index system, it mainly includes three aspects: the eco-environmental pressure index caused by the construction behavior in different construction stages of power transmission and transformation projects, and the eco-environmental state index given by on-the-spot investigation and study of projects, based on the construction unit on the ecological environment impact management response measures given indicators. The index system provides a basis for comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the impact of power transmission and distribution projects on the ecological environment, and finally draws the corresponding project construction evaluation conclusions. In this paper, the eco-environmental impact assessment index system of power transmission and transformation engineering has certain universality, and it has certain reference and guiding significance for the ecological environment evaluation of power transmission and transformation engineering.
Carbon Sequestration Model Considering Forest Growth Cycle
Authors: Liu Xiangyu , Zhang Chun , Lan Xinrun , Cui Wenkai , Li Lingxiao
Published: February 2023

According to the World Meteorological Organization, “record” greenhouse gas concentrations and heat accumulation have pushed the planet into uncharted territory, driving global warming. We need to figure out how to mitigate global warming by maximizing the overall benefits of forests based on the optimal deforestation period. This provides a basis for decision-making for forest managers. At the micro level, we only consider the carbon sequestration capacity of individual trees. AHP was used to determine the more important influencing factors. The S-curve model was fitted by single-factor and multi-factor analysis to obtain the carbon sequestration saturation point. It should be cut down at the saturation point of carbon sequestration. At the macro level, we consider the carbon sequestration capacity of forests. Therefore, from the economics perspective, we construct a carbon sequestration benefit model based on the optimal rotation period and deduce the optimal and maximum carbon sequestration benefits.
Stability and discretization error analysis for the Cahn–Hilliard system via relative energy estimates
Authors: Brunk Aaron , Egger Herbert , Habrich Oliver , Lukáčová-Medviďová Mária
Published: February 2023

The stability of solutions to the Cahn–Hilliard equation with concentration dependent mobility with respect to perturbations is studied by means of relative energy estimates. As a by-product of this analysis, a weak-strong uniqueness principle is derived on the continuous level under realistic regularity assumptions on strong solutions. The stability estimates are further inherited almost verbatim by appropriate Galerkin approximations in space and time. This allows to derive sharp bounds for the discretization error in terms of certain projection errors and to establish order-optimal a priori error estimates for semi- and fully discrete approximation schemes. Numerical tests are presented for illustration of the theoretical results.
Fasten – ein potentes Therapeutikum der
Moderne
Authors: Hanslian Etienne , Koppold Daniela , Michalsen Andreas
Published: February 2023

Fasten als Therapie hat im letzten Jahrzehnt durch eine Fülle an
Grundlagenstudien und experimentellen Arbeiten sowie zunehmende klinische
Forschung seinen Einzug in die moderne Medizin gehalten. Es ist ein Verfahren
mit jahrtausendealter Tradition und dadurch verschiedenartigen
Durchführungsmöglichkeiten. Gemeinsam ist ihnen die Reduktion
der täglichen Nahrungsaufnahme für begrenzte Zeit. Diese hat
vielfältige Wirkungen auf Stoffwechsel, Zellen und Organsysteme, die es
zu einem potenten Mittel im ärztlichen Handeln machen
können.
Neuro-Reha
Authors: Blum Carlos González , Scherfer Erwin
Published: February 2023

Mit einer entschiedenen Positionierung reagieren Carlos González Blum und Erwin Scherfer auf einen in physiopraxis 9/22 veröffentlichten Artikel zur Bewegungsqualität. Sie weisen die dort geäußerte Befürchtung, eine Nichtbeachtung der Bewegungsqualität könnte sich negativ auf die Neuroreha von Menschen nach Schlaganfall auswirken, zurück. In ihren Augen gibt es keine wissenschaftliche Grundlage für diese Annahme. Sie pochen auf einen leitlinienkonformen, aufgabenspezifischen, intensiven, hochrepetitiven und aeroben Behandlungsansatz, der nicht zuletzt auch Komorbiditäten verhindert.
Dauer vs. Intensität in der Trainingstherapie
Authors: Schifferdecker-Hoch Frank , Hollmann Michael , Kern Catharina , Breitkopf Annika , Nolting Ingrid
Published: February 2023

Bewegungsinterventionen sind in Gesundheitsförderung und
Prävention sowie Therapie und Rehabilitation essenziell, da Bewegung
positiv und multidimensional auf die Gesundheit wirkt. Zur Bewertung der
Wirkungsweise von Bewegungsinterventionen werden bisher oft Messmethoden
herangezogen, welche lediglich einen oberflächlichen Anteil der
erzielbaren Effekte abbilden. Eine Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche
Bewegungsintervention sind eine gute Adhärenz sowie ein
adäquates Dosis-Wirkungs-Prinzip. Wie die objektiven und subjektiven
Messgrößen in Zusammenhang mit der Adhärenz und
infolgedessen mit dem Dosis-Wirkungs-Prinzip stehen, ist nicht ausreichend
untersucht. In einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse von 66,988 chronischen
Rückenschmerzpatienten, die zwischen 1992 und 2021 an der FPZ
RückenTherapie teilgenommen haben, wurden die Zusammenhänge im
Ursachen- und Wirkungsdreieck zwischen Therapieadhärenz beziehungsweise
Dosis der verabreichten Trainingsreize und damit der benötigten Dauer
für ein Programm mit festgelegter Einheit an Trainingseinheiten, dem
Zugewinn an isometrischer Maximalkraft der Rumpfmuskulatur sowie dem Gewinn an
gesunden Lebensjahren untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass der Kraftzuwachs
abhängig von der Zeit ist, die für die Therapie benötigt
wird. Eine andere zeitliche Abhängigkeit zeigt der Gewinn an gesunden
Lebensjahren mit steigendem Zeitrahmen, in dem die 24 Einheiten wahrgenommen
wurden. Kein Zusammenhang lässt sich dagegen zwischen dem relativen
Gewinn an isometrischer Maximalkraft und dem Gewinn an gesunden Lebensjahren
feststellen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen wichtige Zusammenhänge
zwischen dem zeitlichen Ablauf einer Therapie sowie den angewandten
Messparametern auf und sind damit wegweisend für zukünftige
Therapieformen. Bisherige Messmethoden müssen ergänzt werden, um
die Wirkungsweise von Bewegung und deren multidimensionale Effekte in
Gänze abbilden zu können.
Rückkehr in den Sport nach Verletzungen der ischiocruralen
Muskulatur im Fußball
Authors: Wilke Christiane , Insberg Tim , Abel Rebecca , Schoser Daria , Froböse Ingo , Scinicarelli Giordano
Published: February 2023

Die beliebte Spielsportart Fußball ist durch ein hohes Spieltempo und
variable Belastungen charakterisiert. Sowohl im Leistungs- als auch im
Breitensport führt dies häufig zu Verletzungen insbesondere der
Muskulatur. Die am häufigsten betroffene Muskelgruppe ist die
ischiocrurale Muskulatur. Nach einer Verletzung wird eine schnelle
Rückkehr bei maximaler Leistungsfähigkeit in den Sport
angestrebt. Doch ein zu früher Einstieg in das Mannschaftstraining und
eine inadäquate Rehabilitation sind die häufigsten Ursachen
für eine Wiederverletzung. Deswegen besteht die Notwendigkeit eines
zeitlich und inhaltlich auf Verletzungen der ischiocruralen Muskulatur
optimierten Rehabilitationstrainings mit konkreten Trainingsinhalten und
Assessment-Tools zur Überprüfung der aktuellen Leistung, um die
Wiederverletzungsquote zu reduzieren.

Der Return to Competition Algorithmus nach Bloch et al. (2019), der den Return to
Competition Prozess nach Verletzungen zeitlich optimiert, wurde durch die
Zuordnung spezifischer Trainingsinhalte und Assessment-Tools zu den einzelnen
Phasen des Rehabilitationsprozesses nach Verletzungen der ischiocruralen
Muskulatur spezifiziert. Der weiterentwickelte Algorithmus ist auf Verletzungen
der ischiocruralen Muskulatur abgestimmt und zeigt klare Kriterien zur Steuerung
des Rehabilitationsprozesses bis zum finalen Wiedereinstieg in den Sport
auf.
Headache in Patients with Sellar Disease: Clinicomorphological Predictors of Headache and the Outcome of Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery
Authors: Joseph Maria , Alvarado Raquel , Jonker Benjamin P. , Winder Mark J. , Earls Peter , Campbell Raewyn , Kalish Larry H. , Sacks Raymond , Davidson Andrew S. , McCormack Ann , Harvey Richard J.
Published: February 2023

Objectives Sellar pathologies are frequently found on imaging performed to investigate headache. However, both headache and incidental sellar lesions are common. Hence, this study prospectively examined headache prevalence, phenotype, and severity in patients with sellar pathologies and the impact of transsphenoidal surgery on headache.

Methods Patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of sellar lesions were consecutively recruited. At baseline, participants were defined as having headache or not and headache phenotype was characterized using validated questionnaires. Headache severity was assessed at baseline and 6 months postoperatively using the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) and Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS). Tumor characteristics were defined using radiological, histological, and endocrine factors. Primary outcomes included baseline headache prevalence and severity and headache severity change at 6 months postoperatively. Correlation between headache and radiological, histological, and endocrine characteristics was also of interest.

Results Sixty participants (62% female, 47.1 ± 18.6 years) were recruited. Sixty-three percent possessed baseline headache. HIT-6 scores were higher in patients with primary headache risk factors, including younger age (R2  = −0.417, p = 0.010), smoking history (63.31 ± 7.93 vs 54.44 ± 9.21, p = 0.0060), and family headache history (68.13 ± 7.01 vs 54.94 ± 9.11, p = 0.0030). Headaches were more common in patients with dural invasion (55.70 ± 12.14 vs 47.18 ± 10.15, p = 0.027) and sphenoid sinus invasion (58.87 ± 8.97 vs 51.29 ± 10.97, p = 0.007). Postoperative severity scores improved more with higher baseline headache severity (HIT-6: R2 = −0.682, p < 0.001, MIDAS: R2 = −0.880, p < 0.0010) and dural invasion (MIDAS: −53.00 ± 18.68 vs 12.00 ± 17.54, p = 0.0030).

Conclusion Headaches in sellar disease are likely primary disorders triggered or exacerbated by sellar pathology. These may respond to surgery, particularly in patients with severe headache and dural invasion.
Anti-Markovnikov Hydrogermylation of Alkenes via Lewis Acid Catalysis
Authors: Schoenebeck Franziska , Selmani Aymane
Published: February 2023

The direct hydrogermylation of alkenes under Lewis acid catalysis is reported. The use of borane B(C6F5)3 as a catalyst allows for a mild, metal-free hydrogermylation of alkenes and concomitant reduction of ketones and aldehydes. Regardless of electronic biases, anti-Markovnikov hydrogermylation is observed in high yields. Moreover, the process is scalable and proceeds under mild conditions at room temperature.
Nickel-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Alkylzinc Reagents and α-Bromo-α,α-difluoroacetamides
Authors: Neumann Karoline T. , Skrydstrup Troels , Corneliussen Nicklas P. , Grove Ebbe K. , Schøler Anne-Sofie O. , Andersen Anton H. , Donslund Aske S.
Published: February 2023

We report a nickel-catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling of alkyl zinc reagents with α,α-difluorobromoacetamides to obtain α,α,-difluoro-β-ketoamides in moderate to good yields. The reaction is catalyzed by a bench-stable nickel(II) pincer complex, in contrast to other reports involving palladium catalysts. The carbonylative reaction is performed in a two-chamber system (COware) in which carbon monoxide (CO) is generated ex situ from the solid precursor SilaCOgen, and then consumed in the adjacent chamber. The reaction operates at low temperatures using near-stoichiometric amounts of CO. Isotopically labeled products can be effortlessly accessed, as demonstrated by using 13C-labeled SilaCOgen.
Histology and Long-term Clinical Outcome of Crushed Cartilage with Double-layer Gelatin Sponge Membrane for Dorsum Refinement in Primary Rhinoplasty
Authors: Nocini Riccardo , Abdulraheem Maryam , Galzignato Pier-Francesco , Manzini Jessica , Bernardi Paolo , Conti Giamaica , Sbarbati Andrea , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Bertossi Dario
Published: February 2023

This article demonstrates the ability to use autologous crushed cartilage grafts in rhinoplasty with rapid recovery and optimal nasal functionality without any tissue damage and allows its rapid rejuvenation. Eligible patients underwent primary rhinoplasty using autologous crushed cartilage graft followed by microscopy imaging of the grafted tissue after recovery. Tissue and cytological analysis using optical microscopy, transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) showed complete viability of chondrocytes, formation of new collagen fibers, neo-perichondrium, neo-angiogenesis, and exhibiting optimal aesthetic outcome. The surgical approach is easy to perform, feasible, and less time-consuming, with excellent tissue rejuvenation and rapid recovery.
Suppression mechanism of Richtmyer–Meshkov instability by transverse magnetic field with different strengths
Authors: Zhang Sheng-Bo , Zhang Huan-Hao , Chen Zhi-Hua , Zheng Chun
Published: February 2023

The Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) is caused by an incident planar shock wave impinging on the heavy-gas-density interface. We have numerically investigated the RMI controlled by different transverse magnetic-field strengths based on the ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. The MHD equations are solved by the corner transport upwind + constrained transport algorithm, which guarantees a divergence-free constraint on the magnetic field. We discuss the flow characteristics and shock patterns in both classical hydrodynamic and MHD situations and verify our conclusions by comparing the experimental results with the numerical results. The results show that the magnetic field modifies the pressure-gradient distribution, and the baroclinic vorticity splits and attaches to the MHD shock waves. In addition, the results indicate that the interaction of shock wave and density interface changes the distribution of magnetic-field energy and distorts the magnetic induction line in the region of magnetic-field energy accumulation. The distortion of the magnetic induction lines alters the magnetic field gradient and creates a magnetic tension that produces a torque opposing that generated by the shear force on the vorticity layer, so the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability is effectively suppressed and no Kelvin–Helmholtz vortex appears on the vorticity layer. The result is that the interface instability is suppressed.
In situ optical spectroscopy for monitoring the assembly of gold nanoparticles for plasmonic applications
Authors: Mukherjee Eshita , Pillanagrovi Jayakumar , Bhatnagar Dhruv , Dutta-Gupta Shourya
Published: February 2023

Planar assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles have been extensively used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. Understanding the assembly of nanoparticles helps us to fabricate desired sensing substrates. In the current study, we develop a technique for monitoring the assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in real-time using optical reflection spectroscopy. The system is integrated with a flow cell enabling the control of the assembly kinetics. The effect of flow velocity on the assembly kinetics is elucidated via monitoring the reflection spectrum. For low AuNP density, the reflection spectrum shows a dip close to 522 nm, whereas for higher densities, a prominent peak is observed close to 550 nm. For a fixed assembly time, the density of particles monotonically increases by increasing the flow rate. The signatures of the particle assembly from the experiments are compared to the computationally derived reflection spectra to understand their underlying origins. The transition from a dip to a peak as a function of density is shown to arise because of destructive and constructive interference from the various interfaces. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the assembly of AuNPs within flow cells is more efficient and rapid as compared to the immersion technique. Finally, the applicability of the in situ prepared substrates for SERS applications was determined using mercapto-benzoic acid as a Raman reporter molecule, and concentrations as low as 0.196 μM could be measured with the fabricated sensor. The proposed real-time tracking method can be used for realizing ultrasensitive SERS-based sensors tailor-made for a specific sensing application.
Detonation wave solutions to the scalar combustion models with a singular source term
Authors: Chen Honghua , Lai Geng , Sheng Wancheng
Published: February 2023

This paper is concerned with detonation wave solutions of scalar combustion models with a singular source term to the Chapman–Jouguet (CJ) and the Zeldovich–von Neumann–Döring (ZND) reaction equations, respectively. The self-similar detonation wave solution to a Riemann initial-boundary value problem for the simplest CJ combustion model is constructed. The existence of a global in time classical solution to a free boundary value problem for the scalar ZND model is obtained by using the iterative method. Furthermore, we obtain that as the reaction rate goes to infinity, the detonation wave solution of the scalar ZND combustion model converges to a detonation wave solution of the corresponding CJ combustion model. The results are keeping with the fact that, in an actual spherical detonation process, the detonation front is propagated with a speed less than that derived from the CJ hypothesis, which is stated in Sec. 163 in the book Supersonic Flow and Shock Waves.
A non-self-consistent tight-binding electronic structure potential in a polarized double-ζ basis set for all spd-block elements up to Z = 86
Authors: Grimme Stefan , Müller Marcel , Hansen Andreas
Published: February 2023

Existing semiempirical molecular orbital methods suffer from the usually minimal atomic-orbital (AO) basis set used to simplify the calculations. Here, a completely new and consistently parameterized tight-binding electronic structure Hamiltonian evaluated in a deeply contracted, properly polarized valence double-zeta basis set (vDZP) is described. The inner-shell electrons are accounted for by standard, large-core effective potentials and approximations to them. The primary target of this so-called density matrix tight-binding method is to reproduce the one-particle density matrix P of a molecular ωB97X-V range-separated hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculation in exactly the same basis set. Additional properties considered are orbital energies, dipole polarizabilities and dipole moments, and dipole polarizability derivatives. The key features of the method are as follows: (a) it is non-self-consistent with an overall fixed number of only three required matrix diagonalizations; (b) only AO overlap integrals are needed to construct the effective Hamiltonian matrix; (c) new P-dependent terms emulating non-local exchange are included; and (d) only element-specific empirical parameters (about 50 per element) need to be determined. The method globally achieves a high accuracy for the target properties at a speedup compared to the ωB97X-V/vDZP reference of about 3–4 orders of magnitude. It performs robustly for difficult transition metal complexes, for highly charged or zwitterionic systems, and for chemically unusual bonding situations, indicating a generally robust approximation of the (self-consistent) Kohn–Sham potential. As an example application, the vibrational Raman spectrum of an entire protein with 327 atoms with respect to the DFT reference calculation is shown. This method may be used out-of-the-box to generate molecular/atomic features for machine learning applications or as the basis for accurate high-speed DFT methods.
Gcap14 is a microtubule plus-end-tracking protein coordinating microtubule–actin crosstalk during neurodevelopment
Authors: Mun Dong Jin , Goo Bon Seong , Suh Bo Kyoung , Hong Ji-Ho , Woo Youngsik , Kim Soo Jeong , Kim Seunghyun , Lee Su Been , Won Yubin , Yoo Jin Yeong , Cho Eunbyul , Jang Eun Jin , Nhung Truong Thi My , Triet Hong Minh , An Hongyul , Lee Haeryun , Nguyen Minh Dang , Park Seung-Yeol , Baek Seung Tae , Park Sang Ki
Published: February 2023

Regulation of microtubule dynamics is required to properly control various steps of neurodevelopment. In this study, we identified granule cell antiserum-positive 14 (Gcap14) as a microtubule plus-end-tracking protein and as a regulator of microtubule dynamics during neurodevelopment.
Gcap14
knockout mice exhibited impaired cortical lamination. Gcap14 deficiency resulted in defective neuronal migration. Moreover, nuclear distribution element nudE-like 1 (Ndel1), an interacting partner of Gcap14, effectively corrected the downregulation of microtubule dynamics and the defects in neuronal migration caused by Gcap14 deficiency. Finally, we found that the Gcap14–Ndel1 complex participates in the functional link between microtubule and actin filament, thereby regulating their crosstalks in the growth cones of cortical neurons. Taken together, we propose that the Gcap14–Ndel1 complex is fundamental for cytoskeletal remodeling during neurodevelopmental processes such as neuronal processes elongation and neuronal migration.
Mitochondria on the move: Horizontal mitochondrial transfer in disease and health
Authors: Dong Lan-Feng , Rohlena Jakub , Zobalova Renata , Nahacka Zuzana , Rodriguez Anne-Marie , Berridge Michael V. , Neuzil Jiri
Published: February 2023

Mammalian genes were long thought to be constrained within somatic cells in most cell types. This concept was challenged recently when cellular organelles including mitochondria were shown to move between mammalian cells in culture via cytoplasmic bridges. Recent research in animals indicates transfer of mitochondria in cancer and during lung injury in vivo, with considerable functional consequences. Since these pioneering discoveries, many studies have confirmed horizontal mitochondrial transfer (HMT) in vivo, and its functional characteristics and consequences have been described. Additional support for this phenomenon has come from phylogenetic studies. Apparently, mitochondrial trafficking between cells occurs more frequently than previously thought and contributes to diverse processes including bioenergetic crosstalk and homeostasis, disease treatment and recovery, and development of resistance to cancer therapy. Here we highlight current knowledge of HMT between cells, focusing primarily on in vivo systems, and contend that this process is not only (patho)physiologically relevant, but also can be exploited for the design of novel therapeutic approaches.
An in vivo phosphoregulation paradox for focal adhesions
Authors: Tanner Kandice
Published: February 2023

Focal adhesions (FAs) dynamics regulate single cell migration. In this issue, Xue et al. (2023. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202206078) show that Y118 phosphorylation on Paxilin, a key FA protein, limits migration of cells in vivo. Unphosphorylated Paxilin is necessary for FA disassembly and cell motility. Their findings directly contradict results from in vitro experiments, emphasizing the need for recreating the in vivo complexity to understand how cells behave in their native environments.