bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protection de l’enfance, un doux glissement vers la surveillance
Authors: Dilé Nicolas
Published: May 2022

La Cour des comptes alerte sur les difficultés que rencontrent les acteurs de la Protection de l’enfance à répondre à leurs missions. Le système est étouffé dans un fonctionnement qui se bureaucratise de plus en plus. Les préconisations proposées accentuent cette tendance. Le risque d’un glissement des pratiques du travail de l’accompagnement vers le contrôle est nommé avec la crainte que le travailleur social ne devienne l’un des acteurs d’une surveillance disciplinaire.
France incompétence a encore frappé
Authors: Rouzel Joseph
Published: May 2022

Refusé à la certification, un petit centre de formation entre en résistance.
Pas de panique ! (2) Quelques principes complémentaires sur l’initiation à la recherche dans le mémoire de pratique professionnelle
Authors: Ferrand Laure
Published: May 2022

Les cinq principes de travail énoncés dans cet article visent à répondre aux interrogations des formateurs et des étudiants en travail social dans le cadre de l’élaboration du mémoire de pratique professionnelle. Ils complètent ceux qui avaient déjà été proposés dans un premier article intitulé « Pas de panique ! » ( vst , n° 150) et portent aussi bien sur les enjeux de l’initiation à la recherche que sur les pièges intellectuels à éviter pour mener une réflexion invitant à nourrir la pratique professionnelle.
Il y a toujours quelque chose de possible
Authors: Gomez Jean-François
Published: May 2022

En guise d’hommage, Jean-François Gomez nous présente l’un des ouvrages de Bernard Doray.
D’un dispositif de formation aux médiations éducatives
Authors: Sacchelli Muriel
Published: May 2022

Cet article porte témoignage d’un dispositif de formation, inscrit dans une filiation à la psychothérapie institutionnelle et à la pédagogie active, élaboré pour transmettre aux éducateurs en devenir une ouverture à la pratique des médiations. Les éprouver à même son corps avant que d’expérimenter leur usage dans la relation éducative permet d’interroger leur sens et d’ouvrir à leurs effets de subjectivation et d’inscription dans le lien social.
Visual and Refractive Outcomes Following Laser Blended Vision With Non-linear Aspheric Micro-anisometropia (PRESBYOND) in Myopic and Hyperopic Patients
Authors: Russo Andrea , Reinstein Dan Z. , Filini Ottavia , Archer Timothy J. , Boldini Alessandro , Cardin Gloria , Festa Giulia , Morescalchi Francesco , Salvalai Chiara , Semeraro Francesco
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:

To report 6-month visual and refractive outcomes following PRESBYOND Laser Blended Vision (Carl Zeiss Meditec) treatment using non-linear aspheric micro-anisometropia laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for the correction of myopic and hyperopic presbyopia.

METHODS:

A retrospective, non-comparative study of 139 consecutive patients with a mean age of 53.13 ± 5.84 years (range: 42 to 70 years) treated with LASIK-induced micro-anisometropia using the MEL 90 excimer laser and VisuMax femtosecond laser (both Carl Zeiss Meditec). The target refraction was plano for distance eyes (dominant eye) and between −0.50 and −1.50 diopters (D) for near eyes. Patients were observed for 6 months.

RESULTS:

A total of 278 eyes (78 myopic and 200 hyperopic) from 139 patients completed the study. Mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was −3.40 ± 1.83 D (range: −0.50 to −8.25 D) for myopic eyes and +1.61 ± 0.98 D (range: −1.25 to +4.63 D) for hyperopic eyes. Mean postoperative SE refraction of distance eyes was +0.20 ± 0.35 D (range: −0.38 to +1.00 D) and −0.14 ± 0.42 D (range: −1.38 to +0.88 D) for myopic and hyperopic eyes, respectively. Mean postoperative SE refraction of near eyes was −0.90 ± 0.44 D (range: −0.13 to −2.25 D) and −1.21 ± 0.48 D (range: −0.13 to −2.25 D) for myopic and hyperopic eyes, respectively. Mean binocular uncorrected near visual acuity was 0.15 ± 0.16 logMAR (range: 0.00 to 0.50 logMAR) and 0.10 ± 0.15 logMAR (range: 0.00 to 0.60 logMAR) for myopic and hyperopic eyes, respectively. Mean binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was -0.08 ± 0.09 logMAR (range: -0.10 to 0.20 logMAR) and -0.06 ± 0.12 logMAR (range: -0.10 to 0.40 logMAR) for myopic and hyperopic eyes, respectively. Stereoacuity was better than 100 seconds of arc in 79% of myopic eyes and 85% of hyperopic eyes and all vision quality scores were greater than 90 of 100. No eyes lost two or more lines.

CONCLUSIONS:

The non-linear aspheric micro-anisometropia protocol resulted in safe and effective visual outcomes in patients with both myopic and hyperopic presbyopia.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(5):288–297.]
Determinants of Subjective Quality of Vision After Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Mohr Niklas , Dirisamer Martin , Siedlecki Jakob , Mayer Wolfgang J. , Schworm Benedikt , Harrant Lisa , Priglinger Siegfried G. , Luft Nikolaus
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:

To evaluate postoperative subjective quality of vision in patients who underwent Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) (STAAR Surgical) implantation for correction of myopia and to identify potential predictive parameters.

METHODS:

In this single-center cross-sectional study, a total of 162 eyes of 81 patients (58 women, 23 men) who underwent ICL implantation were analyzed. The Quality of Vision (QOV) questionnaire was used to assess patient-reported outcomes. Baseline characteristics (eg, age), treatment parameters (eg, surgical corrected refraction), and refractive (eg, residual refraction) and visual (eg, uncorrected distance visual acuity) outcomes were analyzed regarding their effect on QOV.

RESULTS:

Mean age was 33.3 ± 7.0 years (range: 21 to 51 years) and mean preoperative spherical equivalent was −8.42 ± 2.49 diopters (D) (range: −3.25 to −14.38 D). After a mean postoperative follow-up period of 19 ± 14 months (range: 6 to 54 months), the safety index score was 1.23 ± 0.21 and the efficacy index score was 1.17 ± 0.22. The mean QOV scores were 35.5 ± 11.3, 32.2 ± 11.1, and 23.3 ± 16.1 for frequency, severity, and bothersomeness, respectively. The most frequently experienced symptoms were halos (90.1%) and glare (66.7%). Halos appeared in 66.7% of the patients “occasionally” and 5 of them (6.2%) experienced them “very often.” Only 1 patient (1.2%) classified halos as “very bothersome.” Patients older than 36 years reported visual symptoms more frequently (
P
< .05) and showed higher bothersomeness scores (
P
= .01).

CONCLUSIONS:

Halos are the most commonly perceived long-term visual disturbance after myopic ICL implantation with a central hole. Visual symptoms can persist more than 6 months postoperatively, causing only minor disturbances in most cases. Older patients seem more prone to experiencing these symptoms.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(5):280–287.]
A novel approach for predicting PEMFC in varying ambient conditions by using a transient search optimization algorithm based on a semi-empirical model
Authors: Abbou Amine , El Hassnaoui Abdennebi
Published: May 2022

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an alternate energy source that produces electricity without any adverse effects on the environment. The drawbacks of PEMFC are its short life and its non-linear voltage with loading current. Also, PEMFC is prone to ambient conditions, and its performance varies with different ambient conditions. In this work, the semi-empirical modeling approach has been used to predict the PEMFC voltage accurately. However, when the ambient condition varies, the voltage of PEMFC varies accordingly and consequently the previous parameters of the EMI-empirical model don't produce good results. Previously the voltage variation due to changes in ambient has been predicted with the help of ambient conditions and load resistance, but this model isn't sui for all PEMFCs. In this work, a new method has been proposed where fast and accurate optimization technique such as Transient search optimization (TSO) has been used to optimize parameters when ambient condition varies and predicts the PEMFC voltage accurately and doesn't consume a lot of time. The proposed method will be very helpful in future research for predicting the PEMFC voltage for various PEMFC systems at different ambient conditions. The proposed method has been validated experimentally by performing experiments on n single-cell PEMFC system at normal and high ambient temperature.
Influence of Teachers' Effective Teaching Behavior on Knowledge Transfer of Students in Online Teaching
Authors: Tan Hongwei
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of information technology, the online education environment has become a reality. In specific online education practices, most teachers exhibit effective teaching behaviors by using multimedia technologies positively to stimulate the learning initiative of students, improve their learning performances, and promote their knowledge transfer. Based on theories of knowledge transfer and effective teaching behaviors, a measurement model that focuses on the effects of effective teaching behaviors of teachers on knowledge transfer of learners was constructed in this study. Moreover, the influencing mechanism of effective teaching behaviors of teachers (clear teaching, diversified teaching, task orientation, and guidance of student engagement) on knowledge transfer of students was discussed through questionnaire survey and multiple regression analysis. In addition, differences in knowledge transfer caused by different online learning platforms were analyzed. Results demonstrate that for the designed questionnaire, the general Cronbach’s α=0.796 and KMO values 0.820, indicating that the designed questionnaire has very good reliability and validity. Four aspects of clear teaching, diversified teaching, task orientation, and guidance of student engagement have significant positive correlations with knowledge transfer. Diversified teaching, task orientation, and guidance of student engagement can also promote knowledge transfer of students significantly. According to the Kruskal-Wallis test statistics, online learning platforms have significant effects on the knowledge transfer at the 0.05 level. Research conclusions have important references to recognize components of effective teaching behaviors of teachers, promote knowledge transfer improvement of students comprehensively, and facilitate the positive transformation of teachers to online teaching modes and strategies.
A New Research-Based Case Teaching Method for an Occupational Quality Curriculum Based on Moodle
Authors: Xiao Feng
Published: May 2022

Aesthetic education plays an extremely important role in college students’ aesthetic culture, physical and mental health, and the formation of outlook on life, values, world outlooks. However, in view that theoretical and stereotyped teaching still exist in current aesthetic teaching, relevant teaching content lacks innovation, it is difficult to substantially improve students' aesthetic ability. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing college occupational quality curriculum system. Therefore, an integrated research-based case teaching based on Moodle teaching system was proposed. Firstly, the application of Moodle teaching system under Six Sigma Management Method in teaching was analyzed, and a learning system in the dynamic environment for object learning was established in a modular manner, integrated with interactive analysis, research-based case teaching mode. Taking the aesthetic appreciation link of college occupational quality curriculum as an example, specific teaching mode was designed. Through questionnaire survey, the research has found that this teaching mode is significantly superior to traditional teaching mode, and students are also satisfied with website design, teaching content, learning interest in the Moodle teaching system integrating research-based case teaching.
Learners' Autonomous Learning Behavior in Distance Reading Based on Big Data
Authors: Huan Shuliang , Yang Cuibi
Published: May 2022

Some learners couldn’t get ideal learning results from distance education, to find out the root of this problem, their learning behavior and initiative should be analyzed in real time. However, in existing research results, the collected distance learning behavior data of learners are not pertinent enough, the extraction methods of big data are not proper enough, and the analysis models of learning behavior are not scientific enough. For these reasons, this paper analyzed the autonomous learning behavior of learners during distance reading based on big data, and gave the analysis contents and methods. In the text, a sequence diagram transformation method that is self-adaptive to long and short sequences had been introduced to process the learning behavior data of learners, who were then classified according to the features of different autonomous learning behavior sequences. Then, an attribute reduction algorithm based on improved Bayesian fuzzy rough set was adopted for attribute reduction, and the behavior indexes that are closely related to the autonomous learning effect of learners were selected for correlation analysis. After that, this paper proposed a method for detecting non-autonomous learning behavior based on multiple time scales, combining short-term autonomous learning pattern with long-term autonomous learning behavior and resource access behavior, this paper also analyzed the typical autonomous learning pattern of learners through the learning of hidden layer features. At last, experimental results proved the effectiveness of the proposed analysis method.
‘WAIT’ … A Mobile App To Navigate and Assist Towards Polite and Effective Online Communication.
Authors: Singh Kuldip Kaur Maktiar , Vijayarajoo Angeline Ranjethamoney , Colaco Lydia , Gobil Abdul Rahman bin Mohamad
Published: May 2022

Increasingly, most communication in current times are online and this characteristic has been heightened due to restrictions caused by the Pandemic. During online communication, the art and etiquette of communication is often omitted. We, the researchers observed that online interactions tend to be careless and too quick with expressions of anger or just, communication that is quick, resulting in sometimes inadvertent rude, abrupt and ambiguous communication.  Hence, to address this problem, we designed a mobile app called, “Wait”. The objectives of this app are to enable students and members of the public, to “wait”, think and refer to alternative ways on how to begin, end and use specific keywords in response to various general situations using polite expressions. This app is an easy- to- use mobile app. The researchers conducted a preliminary study with school and college students whereby they were given online questionnaires before and after using the Apps. The results showed positive feedback, in the form of polite and effective communication after the use of the app.
A Social Virtual Reality Mobile Application for Learning and Practicing English
Authors: Alwafi Ghadeer Adnan , Almalki Saliha , Alrougi Mona , Meccawy Maram , Meccawy Zilal
Published: May 2022

Many studies promise that virtual reality (VR) applications will be one of the most used tools in foreign language learning. This is because VR keeps learners engaged, motivated, and prepared with better communication skills due to the simulation of real-life environments. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing, it became difficult to use and practice newly learned language skills with real people directly. This paper proposes a social VR mobile application that can be used anytime anywhere to offer a set of different VR environments that simulate real-life situations in order to learn and practice the English language. The application aims to improve speaking skills by offering a private session with a native speaker tutor or a community of learners to practice speaking. It combines the benefits of mobile learning, social networks, and VR. Initial usability testing results showed that the application is simple and easy to use, with some problems discovered and resolved. The application demonstrates that applying VR tools could contribute positively to learning English among the language learners using it.
Irom Sharmila
Authors: Thoudam Natasa
Published: May 2022

This chapter is on the human rights activist Irom Sharmila, who once spearheaded the anti-AFSPA struggle in Manipur with her 16-year-old marathon fast. The chapter thus takes up for analysis her ‘failed' attempt to enter electoral politics after the conclusion of her fast and reads her defeat in the 2017 Manipur state assembly election as what Sanjib Baruah would consider a crisis of legitimacy of India's representative institutions. It also interrogates the gendered constitution of democratic representative institutions while simultaneously raising pertinent questions of gendered citizenship, gendered democracy, and gendered representation in Manipur.
Jenny Wang
Authors: Riverland Sonia
Published: May 2022

This chapter examines an educational entrepreneur who has built a large organization spanning across Australia and China, taking on a role as a global facilitator of collaborative education partnerships across a network of universities. The author explores the motivations, cores values, and lessons behind the achievements of Jenny Wang, a female leader in international education. Reflections on leadership and women in leadership roles show the importance of purpose, of personal happiness, the value of education, and the impact of societal expectations around gender and identity.
Lin Gao
Authors: Gao Lin
Published: May 2022

A growing number in the female corporate workforce in China are hoping to find a “slash” career or become self-employed freelancer in coaching. However, they need help to overcome initial obstacles: no clients and no experience in promotion/marketing. This story is about Lin Gao, who saw the market need and upgraded her training business to a platform economy model, which opens opportunity for new coaches to start generating income, hone their craft, and market themselves. In this story, she talks about her own journey as well as two women Jean and Cathy, who have successfully transformed their careers through the platform.
Sarah Owusu
Authors: Deneke Ruth D.
Published: May 2022

Sarah is a multicultural changemaker and transformational leader who creates platforms to engage and connect people from different walks of life, equipping them to be innovators from exactly where they are. It is exactly by virtue of her multicultural background, multifaceted experience, and multidisciplinary expertise that she is an effective guide in transformation efforts. Using dialogue as the entry-point to collaboration, cocreation, and coordinated action, she enables people to take control of bringing about the future. Rather than positioning innovation as something for the few, she wants to change who gets to innovate and who gets to shape our past, present, and future.
Kiran Martin
Authors: Goodman Meghan Emilia
Published: May 2022

India's slum communities are known around the world as areas of extreme poverty and destitution. Dr. Kiran Martin made it her life's mission to make a difference for hundreds of thousands of New Delhi families living in slums. She created the Asha organization to help families get healthcare, micro loans, and education. Because of her work, hundreds of young people who come from the slums go to university every year, giving themselves and their families hope for a better life. Her background in pediatric medicine is what started her venture to aid these communities. Many lives have been touched in the process.
Rania Al-Abdullah
Authors: Huang Yue
Published: May 2022

This chapter tells the story of Rania Al-Abdullah, the Queen of Jordan, who has been working hard to improve the lives of Jordanian youth and women by creating and supporting initiatives that bring opportunities for their advancement. Locally, she is committed to breathing new life into the education system, empowering the local communities through innovation and entrepreneurship. Internationally, she has been an advocate for tolerance, compassion, and promoting cross-cultural understanding. This chapter will focus on her efforts on how she empowers her community through education and how she challenges stereotypes of Arabs and promotes greater understanding and acceptance between people of all cultures and background with her influence as a queen and the power of technology and social media.
Regina Honu
Authors: Botsyoe Lily Edinam
Published: May 2022

This chapter details the professional career of Regina Honu, who founded a coding initiative for girls in communities and expanded it into the Soronko Academy, established in 2017 as the first human-centered design academy in West Africa. The chapter also highlights inclusion and diversity, which are at the heart of Regina's work with a major focus on meaningful participation for women and persons living with disability through her organisation's partnership with others to run projects that train women in digital skills as well as training for hearing impaired and autistic children.
Agnes Kanyanya
Authors: Haizlip Julie
Published: May 2022

Anges Kanyanya lost her mother when she died giving birth to her younger sister. As a result of this tragedy, Agnes was called to do everything she could to prevent this happening to other families. After training as an advanced midwife herself, she founded a non-profit organization named PROSAMI whose mission is to educate advanced nurse midwives and to serve the women of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This chapter details the story of a highly motivated woman who is committed to saving the lives of women and their children.
Helen Zia
Authors: Huang Yue
Published: May 2022

This chapter tells the story of Helen Zia, a second-generation Chinese American woman. Zia has a lifelong career as a journalist, activist, author, and feminist. For decades, she has advocated for civil rights for racial minorities, LGBTQ rights, Asian American's representations, and other social issues. Zia was named one of the most influential Asian Americans of the decade by A. Magazine, one of USA Today's Women of the Century, and she was one of three recipients of the NAAAP100 Award from The National Association of Asian American Professionals. In this chapter, readers will learn more about Zia's background, the life event that changed her life and career as an activist, and her contribution as a resilient community leader.
Lili Ben Ami
Authors: Elinav Rotem
Published: May 2022

This is a story of the motivating powers of purpose driving Lili Ben-Ami to turn an unconceivable personal tragedy into a social change. It is a story of a feminist who, after 20 years of noteworthy activism, chose to change direction and pave a new, innovative path devoted to the prevention of domestic violence. Through her pioneering social-change initiatives, Lili teaches us that the power of making a difference resides in each of us – it requires no special superpowers (though Lili did get some help from an actual Justice League Superheroine). Lili's story offers you an opportunity to join a historical revolution and an invitation to start your own.
Naomi Osaka
Authors: Yamashita Miki , Shinomiya Sue
Published: May 2022

“It's OK to not be OK.” With this simple sentence, which has become a rallying cry for a pandemic-weary world, Naomi Osaka secured her place as a leader and global changemaker. Today, she is a world-renowned celebrity, being the first Asian tennis player, male or female, to reach number one, winning four Grand Slam tournaments and becoming one of the highest paid athletes of all time, global brand spokesperson, social media sensation, and fashion trend-setter in her own right. More importantly, though, she is celebrated as a champion of social justice and racial equality, lighting the Olympic Cauldron at Tokyo 2020 and unwittingly ignited a global movement for mental health openness, all before the tender age of 24. She stands out as one of the most important female sports figures and rising women leaders of our times.
Sheryl Sandberg
Authors: Yan Zirui
Published: May 2022

This chapter introduces Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In community, which includes why and how she started Lean In and the impacts that the community has made on a global scale. The author concludes the chapter with her own story with Sheryl Sandberg and her work impacted by the Lean In community. The chapter's purpose is to take a closer look at Sheryl Sandberg as a female community leader and her transformational leadership, as well as the cultural transformation that the Lean In community made on the globe.
Sheryl WuDunn
Authors: Burkhardt Joan
Published: May 2022

Sheryl WuDunn is a Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter, world shaker, and change maker. She has spent her career promoting social change, responsibility, and entrepreneurship, with a particular focus on global women's issues. Her work seeks to address the problem of how to “make a difference” when faced with such a daunting aggregation of charitable organizations and causes. Where does one begin? WuDunn has co-authored several books that breathe life into the stories of women in crisis worldwide, giving them voice, and followed these narratives with concrete ways average people can take action—right now—toward meaningful change. She inspires hope and engenders efficacy, emphasizing the immense power of partial solutions via grassroots efforts. This chapter highlights her contributions and resilience as a culturally transformative global leader who shows how one person really is capable of making the world a better place.
Does range of motion measurement and reference values differ?: a multi-centered study
Authors: Khattak Hafsa Gul , Memon Sajjan Iqbal , Afzal Kiran , Parveen Ramzana , Younus Saadia , Saleem Rabiqa
Published: May 2022

This study is aimed to estimate and measure reference values in the normal range of motion of extremity joints in females and to provide a database for the assessment of impairments related to the mobility of the joints. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at seven major educational institutes areas of Rawalpindi and Islamabad in Pakistan from January to June 2020 with a sample size of 600 healthy females aged 15 to 45 years and divided into three groups through non-probability sampling technique. In study Instruments, an electronic Goniometer was used for the measurement of the range of motions for different joints and then those ranges were recorded. The questionnaire had two sections demographic characteristics and ROM for both upper and lower limbs. Data was analyzed using SPSS V21. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.In the result,Out of 600 participants,there was a statistically significant difference of (p < 0.001) in both upper and lower extremities motion between all the three groups for the measurements and noticeably no significant difference (p > 0.005) between group 1, 2 comparisons for the knee joint extension.To conclude, In most joints, the range of motion increases with age. The transition from group 1 to group 2 was aided by increased hormone participation in growth, an active lifestyle, and generally good health. Because of degenerative changes and joint stiffness, group 3’s range of motion deteriorated, leading to a sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical activity. Standardized biomechanical measurements can help health practitioners, such as physiotherapists, choose appropriate therapy interventions to assess musculoskeletal disorders. To resolve the inconsistencies in the reliability and validity of goniometry values, more research is required.
Periodontitis and its associated factors in patients at the faculty of southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghion Fabiane , Dotto Lara , Onofre Rafael Sarkis , Rigo Lilian
Published: May 2022

To verify the presence of periodontitis, its severity, and their association with associated factors based on medical records of patients who attended the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Southern Brazil over 4 years. This is a cross-sectional study, which included 422 medical records of patients aged ≥ 18 years. The clinically analyzed data were: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Sociodemographic data, dental hygiene, harmful habits and chronic systemic diseases were described. Statistical analysis of binary logistic regression was used to verify the relationship between the severity of periodontitis and the exposure variables. The older adults [odds ratio (OR) = 2.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-4.54 – 41 to 55 years and OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.49-6.09 – 56 to 87 years], and men (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.18-3.14) showed higher chances of periodontitis severity. Smokers (OR = 3.54; 95% CI: 2.05-6.12), those with hypertension (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.23-3.63) and with diabetes (OR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.08-4.12) showed higher chances of developing advanced periodontitis. Advanced or severe periodontitis occurred in one-third of the patients. The findings showed that men, older adults, with systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smokers are more susceptible to severe periodontitis.
Depression, anxiety and stress, comorbidity evaluation among a large sample of general adults: results from SEPAHAN study
Authors: Alijanvand Moluk Hadi , Feizi Awat , Afshar Hamid , Roohafza Hamidreza , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Adibi Peyman
Published: May 2022

Depression, anxiety and stress are common psychological disorders (PDs). This study aimed to assess the odds of co-occurrence of mentioned PDs in total sample and different levels of socio-demographic characteristics, specifically among a large sample of general adults. In a cross-sectional, community-based study conducted among 4763 Iranian adults, depression and anxiety were assessed with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and stress with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The loglinear analysis was applied to investigate their comorbidities. Based on selected models with pair-comorbidity of anxiety with stress, depression with stress, and anxiety with depression, the results showed the odds of comorbidity between anxiety and depression (odds ratio (OR) =12.29, 95%CI: 9.58-15.80), depression and stress (OR = 7.80, 95%CI: 6.55-10.18), and stress and anxiety (OR = 4.62, 95%CI: 3.71-5.75). Also, ORs of pair-comorbidities were the same, except between stress and anxiety for men compared to women (adjusted-OR = 6.47, 95%CI: 4.44-9.49 versus 3.85, 95%CI: 2.95-5.00) and comorbidity between stress and depression for the participants with lower than 40 years compared to others (adjusted-OR = 9.03, 95%CI: 7.17-11.36 versus 6.41, 95%CI: 4.90-8.41), p< 0.05. Stress comorbidity with depression was higher level than other pair-comorbidities. Obvious discrepancies were also observed in terms of ORs of pair-comorbidities between three mentioned disorders in different levels of SDCs.
A Comprehensive Study of Bending and Stability Responses of 2D-FG Nanobeams Using a Microstructure-Surface Energy-Based Model under Various Boundary Conditions
Authors: Attia Mohamed A. , Shanab Rabab A.
Published: May 2022

The size-dependent bending and static stability characteristics of nanobeams made of bi-directional functionally graded materials (2D-FGMs) under different boundary conditions are comprehensively investigated. Based on the modified couple stress theory and surface elasticity theory, the size-dependent model is formulated for 2D-FG Euler-Bernoulli beam. The material properties of the beam smoothly change along both the axial and thickness directions according to power-law distribution. The continuous spatial variations of the single material length scale parameter and the three surface constants are incorporated to describe the effects of microstructure and surface energy, respectively. This model accounts for the axial and transverse displacements, the exact position of the physical neutral plane, and Poisson’s effect. To obtain the static response of the present model, Ritz method is employed by approximating the axial and transverse displacements in terms of polynomial forms. Different boundary conditions, i.e., Simply-simply (S-S), Clamped-clamped (C-C), Clamped-simply (C-S), and Clamped-free (C-F), are considered and satisfied by adding auxiliary functions to the displacement functions. Numerical results with various cases of boundary conditions are performed with an insight to explore the effects of gradient indices in thickness and length directions, surface energy, material length scale parameter, slenderness ratio, and thickness on the static deflection and buckling responses of 2D-FG nanobeams. Results disclose that, the material properties, the surface energy, and microstructure effects have a significant effect on the bending, and buckling responses of 2D-FG nanobeams. Hence, this study can be helpful in the design and optimization of 2D-FG nanobeams in bending and buckling responses.
Cytotoxicity Activity of Several Medicinal Plants Grow in Mangrove Forest against Human’s Cervical (HELA), Breast (T47D), and Colorectal (WiDr) Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Arbiastutie Yanieta , Diba Farah , Masriani Masriani
Published: May 2022

Background:

The secondary metabolite of medicinal plants in Polaria Tanjung Pagar’s mangrove forests and the cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines were investigated in this study.

Method:

The primary materials were the methanolic extract of some medicinal plants leaves obtained from Polaria Tanjung Pagar’s mangrove forests. The thin-layer chromatography method was used to analyze the secondary metabolites qualitatively at 366 nm ultraviolet. Cytotoxicity was determined through Microtetrazolium (MTT) assay against three types of cancer cell lines, including humans’ cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines, breast cancer (T47D) cell lines, and colorectal cancer (WiDr) cell lines.

Result:

All five methanolic extracts positively contained flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, steroids, phenolics, and tannins but negative alkaloids. Aegiceras corniculatum showed an active cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cells, T47D cancer cell, and WiDr cancer cell, with IC50 of 49.40 ± 5.85, 78.12 ± 11.38, and 45.60 ± 7.35μg/mL, respectively. Avicennia alba was actively toxic to the HeLa cancer cells, T47D cancer cells, and WiDr cancer cells, with IC50 of 74.75 ± 26.97, 50.76 ± 9.92, and 73.25 ± 17.63μg/mL, respectively. Acrostichum aureum and Rhizophora mucronata only actively inhibited the WiDr cancer cell proliferation, with IC50 of 89.19 ± 4.22 and 57.49 ± 11.70μg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:

Thus, mangrove forest plants scientifically potentially developed as medicinal material for cancer.
Food Consumption among Under-five Children in Agats, Asmat District, Papua Province
Authors: Prafiantini Erfi , Sari Okky Lupita , Hanisa Nisrina , Andayani Diyah Eka , Anugrapaksi Eghar , Octavia Lestari
Published: May 2022

Context:

Malnutrition outbreak in 2018 caused increased morbidity and mortality of Asmat children. Many studies indicated that malnourished children should receive adequate nutrients.

Aim:

The study aims to analyze food consumption among under-five children in Asmat.

Settings and design:

The cross-sectional study was conducted in Agats subdistrict, Asmat district, and Papua province, in July 2018 and included 62 under-five children. Children were selected using purposive sampling from five villages.

Materials and methods:

The primary data were collected by interview, direct measurement, questionnaire fulfillment consisting of general, anthropometric, and food consumption data.

Statistical analysis used:

descriptive data, composed of the characteristics of children, children’s nutritional status, and food consumption.

Results:

The average energy intake was 561.7 ± 335.3 kcal/day. The mean carbohydrate and protein were 93.3 ± 52.9 and 18.2 ± 11.2 g, respectively. The median fat intake was 7.53 (2.6, 16.9) g and fiber was 1.63 (1.0, 2.9) g/day. The median iron and zinc were 1.5 (0.8, 2.6) g and 1.5 (0.8, 2.3) g. The average folic acid intake was 36.4 ± 25.2 g.

Conclusion:

Compared to the Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), the percentage of children’s energy (93.5%), protein (75.8%), fat (96.8%), carbohydrate (83.9%), fiber (91.9%), iron (88.7%), folic acid (98.4%), and zinc (88.7%) intakes was included as below of Indonesian RDA category. These results can be used to make appropriate dietary recommendations, which will be used as a substantial improvement in community service programs.
Efficacy and Safety of Conventional Synthetic, Biologic and Targeted Synthetic DMARDs in RA-ILD: A Narrative Review
Authors: Conway Richard , Nikiphorou Elena
Published: May 2022

The range of therapeutic options available for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is becoming increasingly diverse. Conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic DMARDs, and targeted synthetic DMARDs offer the rheumatologist a far greater breadth of treatment options than before. When choosing a treatment in the individual patient, several important factors need to be considered, one of which is the safety in RA interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). Rheumatologists frequently encounter RA patients with RA-ILD or other co-existing lung diseases. The pulmonary safety profile of our medications is difficult to ascertain and as they are generally infrequent, adverse events are rarely identified in the initial treatment trials. The concern for the safety of these treatments has largely emerged from real-world observational data and has often been based on small numbers of case studies or retrospective analyses of observational studies. The evidence has been controversial with many agents implicated both in the context of predisposing or worsening the risk of ILD and at the same time as potentially beneficial treatments in delaying the onset or progression of ILD. As a result, clear guidance on the treatment of RA-ILD is generally lacking. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to detail our current knowledge of the safety of DMARDs in RA-ILD.
Curve-shortening of open elastic curves with repelling endpoints: A minimizing movements approach
Authors: Badal Rufat
Published: May 2022

We study an

L^2

-type gradient flow of an immersed elastic curve in

\mathbb{R}^2

whose endpoints repel each other via a Coulomb potential. By De Giorgi’s minimizing movements scheme we prove long-time existence of the flow. The work is complemented by several numerical experiments.
Trisecant flops, their associated K3 surfaces and the rationality of some cubic fourfolds
Authors: Russo Francesco , Staglianò Giovanni
Published: May 2022

We provide a new construction of rationality for cubic fourfolds via Mori’s theory and the minimal model program. As an application we present the solution of the Kuznetsov conjecture for

d=42

(the first open case). Our methods also show an explicit connection between the rationality of cubic fourfolds belonging to the first four admissible families

\mathcal C_d

with

d=14,26,38

, and

42

and some birational models of K3 surfaces of degree

d

contained in well known rational Fano fourfolds.
On the definition of the Euler Gamma function
Authors: Pérez-Marco Ricardo
Published: May 2022

We present a new definition of the Euler Gamma function. From the complex analysis and transalgebraic viewpoint, it is a natural characterization in the space of finite order meromorphic functions. We show how the classical theory and formulas develop naturally, and we discuss the relation with other definitions. We show in a companion article, that this definition generalizes to higher gamma functions and provides an unifying framework for their definition which is more natural than the usual Bohr–Mollerup or Lerch approaches.
On the Hölder regularity of signed solutions to a doubly nonlinear equation. Part II
Authors: Bögelein Verena , Duzaar Frank , Liao Naian , Schätzler Leah
Published: May 2022

We demonstrate two proofs for the local Hölder continuity of possibly sign-changing solutions to a class of doubly nonlinear parabolic equations whose prototype is

\partial_t(|u|^{q-1}u) - \Delta_p u=0,\quad p>2,\, 0<q<p-1.

The first proof takes advantage of the expansion of positivity for the degenerate, parabolic

p

-Laplacian, thus simplifying the argument; the second proof relies solely on the energy estimates for doubly nonlinear parabolic equations. After proper adaptations of the interior arguments, we also obtain the boundary regularity for initial-boundary value problems of Dirichlet and Neumann type.
Motivators and Barriers for Using E-learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic among Students at the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda
Authors: Umubyeyi Benoite , Nyiringango Gerard , Rutayisire Reverien , Kayiranga Dieudonne , Ryamukuru David , Nyirazigama Alice , Mukankusi Juliet , Bagirisano Justine , Igikundiro Christine , Niyikiza M. Eric , Mukeshimana Madeleine , Mugarura John , Oluyinka Adejumo
Published: May 2022

BackgroundTo continue delivering the courses despite school closure during the covid-19 pandemic, the University of Rwanda abruptly shifted its teaching from traditional physical to online teaching. This was the compulsory medium of teaching during the lockdown period. This sudden change did not allow for adequate preparation for students. ObjectivesTo assess the preparation of learners to use the e-learning platform, and to explore the factors that enabled or inhibited learners’ use of the e-learning platform. MethodThis was a cross-sectional quantitative research design study done between June and July 2020. An online questionnaire was sent to all students registered in the College of Medicine and Health Sciences for the academic year 2019-2020. ResultsA total of 446 students completed the questionnaire. Students reported not being adequately oriented and unprepared to effectively use e-learning. Students were motivated to use e-learning when the learning objectives were clear, interactive, with engaging materials. Inadequate e-learning infrastructure, limited access to internet connectivity and inadequate devices were identified as the strongest barriers of using e-learning. ConclusionThe covid-19 pandemic has brought a transformational opportunity to embrace a blended learning approach. To sustain such a transformation, proper and timely planning and strategies need to be invested.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):99-112
Factors of Family Violence in the Southern Province of Rwanda
Authors: Niyonsenga Japhet , Uwitonze Thérèse , Mukarusanga Ignatiana , Mutabaruka Jean
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDespite the elevated prevalence and detrimental effects of family violence on survivors in developing countries, little is known about a dimensional empirically based comprehensive structure of family violence.ObjectivesBased on family violence theories, this study aimed to identify factors of family violence in a sample of Rwandans living in all the eight District Police Units of the Southern Rwanda. MethodsA sample of 89 spouses (females = 56.5%, males = 43.5%) were selected to participate in this cross-sectional study. From already existing family violence theories and family violent events lived by participants of this study, a 38-item self-constructed Likert questionnaire (α=0.80) was generated. An exploratory factor analysis approach was used.ResultsThe results showed that two factors mostly influencing violence in family were mainly based on individual issues (i.e. violence as a trauma, insecure attachment, aggressive behaviour learnt, reactive aggression, and learnt helplessness) and family-social issues (i.e. family life cycle and stress, dependency relation, need to maintain power and control, and low material satisfaction). ConclusionsThe results highlight that family violence is a very complex but assessable entity where individual and family-social factors intervene. Future studies should explore such combination in prospective longitudinal studies.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):9-19
A Five-Year Review of Hysterosalpingographic Findings at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Jamiu Isiaq , Christopher Ohagwu , Jovita Daniel , Henry Okafor , Andrew Ijever
Published: May 2022

BackgroundInfertility leads to stigmatization, marital instability, and enormous psychological stress. In recent times in Nigeria, there appears to be an upsurge in the number of couples investigated for infertility using hysterosalpingography (HSG). ObjectiveTo observe the trend of HSG findings at a foremost tertiary hospital in Nigeria. MethodsThe study was a retrospective assessment of HSG reports by radiologists. Using an inclusion criteria of patients who had an initial ultrasound scan prior to HSG as noted from radiologists reports, a sample size of 623 radiographs concluded between April 2014 to April 2019 was consecutively enlisted from a population of 2,624 cases. Patients’ demographic information was extracted from their request cards and radiologists’ reports. ResultsPatients were aged 22 – 54 (mean: 36.30 ± 6.00) years. Findings from hysterosalpingography showed that secondary infertility was more prevalent (n = 469, 75.3 %) and with fibroid (n = 176, 28.25%) as the most prevalent abnormality.ConclusionsThere were more cases of secondary infertility presenting for HSG at the facility, and the major finding was fibroid. Although the ages of patients presenting for HSG investigations at the centre had increased, secondary infertility remained the more prevalent type, but with minimal drop in percentage.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):55-61
Keragaman Fenotip Sapi Madura dari Perspektif Budaya di Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Agustina Desi Kurniati , Hidayati Nurul
Published: May 2022

This study aims to characterize the phenotypic diversity of Madura  cattle based on their cultural status, namely Sonok and Kerapan Cattle. Phenotypic diversity of madura cattle is used as the basis for the selection of the offspring of madura cattle that show performance to Sonok or Kerapan cattle. This research was conducted at the center of Sonok cattle and Kerapan cattle, namely in Waru and Pademawu districts, Pamekasan Regency. The samples used were 20 Kerapan and 20 Sonok cattle with an age range of 2 - 3 years. The parameters observed included qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and made in tabular form for easy discussion. The results showed the quantitative properties of sonok and kerapan cattle respectively, namely for chest circumference 167.50 Â± 8.36, 174.15 Â± 8.71, body length 127.30 Â± 6.37, 160.45 Â± 8.02, Tail length 77.95 Â± 3.90, 81.10 Â± 4.06, horn length 7.00 Â± 0.35, 10.55 Â± 0.53. Based on the qualitative analysis, Sonok and Kerapan cattle have diversity in terms of coat color, horn shape, eye pattern, eye line, and back line. This diversity can be used as a basis for selection related to its cultural values.
ABLAUT ALTERNATIONS IN ENGLISH AND SERBIAN ADJECTIVE DERIVATION
Authors: Pavlović Dejan , Jovanović Vladimir
Published: May 2022

This paper deals with ablaut in adjective derivation; it compares and contrasts English and Serbian examples with ablaut alternations. It also attempts to discover the ablaut type occurring in such examples as well as the frequency with which it appears, and also to confirm if there are certain rules according to which such vowel alternations occur. Another point to be established by this paper is to what extent there is a correlation between primary stress shift and derivational ablaut, which affixes cause the stress shift and in which circumstances. The research was conducted using a corpus of adjectives and their formative roots in both English and Serbian; the corpus was composed of at least 150 examples from both languages, collected using lexicographical studies dealing with adjective derivation from nouns and verbs and using a number of different derivational suffixes (for example, -ous and -ive (English), -an and -iv (Serbian)). Examples include the pairs bile > bilious (English) and hramati > hrom (Serbian). The results are hoped to showcase the contrast between the English and Serbian languages, as well as their deviation concerning this process as compared to their mutual ancestor, the Proto-Indo-European language.