bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Framing and Exposing Community Issues through Video Participatory Research
Authors: Mathews Sarah A. , Lovett Maria K.
Published: January 2021

Video participatory research (VPR) is an emergent methodology that bridges visual methods with the epistemology of participatory research. This approach is motivated by the “crisis of representation” or “reflective turn” (Gubrium & Harper, 2013) that promotes research conducted with or by participants, conceptualizing research as praxis (Lather, 1991). In this manuscript, the authors argue that VPR can be used to explore issues directly impacting individuals involved with adult education and vocational training. Primary investigators work with community co-researchers to document issues in the community, analyze this audio-visual material, and produce and distribute video projects, exposing policy makers and key stakeholders to a community's concerns. When implementing the VPR process research teams account for intentionality of form and content, apply a multi-perspective analysis to the complex layers of data produced by video, and plan for distribution of work on the personal and local level as well as in the public sphere (i.e., at the micro and macro level).
The Role of Culturally Responsive Teacher to Ensure Social Justice in Education
Authors: Karataş Kasım , Ardıç Tuncay
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, the importance of having culturally responsive teacher competencies to carry out the education process in accordance with the social justice is discussed within the context of teacher roles and responsibilities. Indeed, education as a social institution is an important institution that provides individuals with an understanding of justice, equality, freedom, and solidarity in a way that enables individuals to live harmoniously within society. In this respect, education system components should be designed with culturally responsive pedagogy on the basis of social justice principles. Besides implementing a culturally responsive teaching in classrooms can be achieved with teachers who have culturally responsive teaching competencies. With these roles and responsibilities, teachers should develop their individual and professional competencies for culturally responsive teaching at teacher education programs.
Social Justice and Inclusion of Children With Diverse Needs in Mainstream Schools
Authors: Gasa Velisiwe
Published: January 2021

This chapter opens with a broad statement that coins the social justice and inclusion as prominent concepts. The foundation is laid by giving a clear background using a South African context where there is a gap between the policy and implementation of social justice and inclusion of children in mainstream schools. This explanation goes further when the social justice, inclusion, and related concepts are conceptualised and the relationship brought forth. The main issues that temper social justice and inclusion in the mainstream schools are debated. Furthermore, there is an engagement regarding practices that hamper social justice and inclusivity of children with diverse needs. Finally, the solutions and recommendations that can be considered in dealing with the issues, controversies, or problems presented in this chapter are highlighted.
Voices in the Desert
Authors: Woodley Xeturah M
Published: January 2021

The experiences of Black women educators are important, and yet their personal and professional experiences are rarely included as part of the faculty narrative at most North American higher education institutions. The continued normalization of White Supremacy and androcentricity, within North American higher education, maintain systems of oppression that perpetuate the systematic marginalization of Black women within the faculty ranks. The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of Black women educators in New Mexico's higher education institutions. With a grounding in Black Womanist and Critical Race Theories, this qualitative research study employed snowball sampling as a means to engage ten Black women faculty members, via semi-structured interviews, in critical inquiry about their professional experiences with higher education. Study participants testified about experiences with microaggressions, discrimination, and racial battle fatigue as well as feeling intellectual, campus, and community isolation.
Capabilities-Based Transformative Online Learning Pedagogy for Social Justice
Authors: Mbati Lydia Sophia
Published: January 2021

This chapter presents pedagogical approaches for online learning with a focus on pedagogies that support interaction and active learning amongst diverse student populations. Understanding the challenges that feed social inequality are broad and complex nexus challenges, the various aspects and activities that go into learning design are discussed from the perspective of fostering equal representation and social justice in the online learning environment. While this chapter provides possible angles that may be employed to facilitate learning in a diverse student population, empirical studies need to be undertaken to test the efficacy of the approaches suggested.
Sowing Seeds of Justice
Authors: Walls Tonya Evette , Cornejo Malayka Neith , Plachowski Tara J. , Reid Erica Kristina , Park Soo
Published: January 2021

Forming the basis for a provocative dialogue and written to illuminate teaching stories often pushed to the margins, this chapter provides a counter-narrative to the discourse surrounding leaky teacher-of-color pipelines and the national teacher crisis. Employing a critical race analytical lens, critical auto-ethnographic approach, and narrated through prose, five female educators committed to social justice share how they rely on unique and intersecting identities to sustain themselves in contested school spaces, while simultaneously exploring the cultural wealth they and their students bring into those spaces. Their collective stories reveal important lessons essential to our understanding of how to develop teachers for social justice. They also provide insight for those who teach in schools and classrooms meant to educate our most vulnerable and under-served students, and may answer the question, Why doesn't anyone want to teach anymore?
Thinking Globally About Social Justice
Authors: Viggiano Tiffany
Published: January 2021

Scholars have identified community colleges as ideal institutions to facilitate global justice through their involvement in internationalization activities such as study abroad. This chapter explores the meaning of humanism as it relates to study abroad at the community college. Using Andreotti, Stein, Pashby, and Nicolson's Paradigms of Discourse, the chapter describes the ways in which humanism can be defined in a variety of ways based on one's own goals. The chapter also grounds a rationale for study abroad at the community college within critical humanism by applying Young's Social Connections Model. Finally, the chapter applies the critical humanist rationale to begin to question the relationship between community college study abroad initiatives: Who is included in the community mission? Whose cultures come to be understood from involvement in study abroad? How are U. S. cultures represented by study abroad?
Pedagogical Values in Online and Blended Learning Environments in Higher Education
Authors: Palahicky Sophia , DesBiens Donna , Jeffery Ken , Webster Keith Stuart
Published: January 2021

Pedagogical values directly affect student performance and, therefore, are essential to successful teaching practice. It is absolutely critical that post-secondary educators examine and reflect on their pedagogical values because these principles pave the path for student success. This chapter describes four pedagogical values that are critical to student success within the context of online and blended learning environments in higher education: 1) value of care; 2) value of diversity; 3) value of community; and 4) value of justice.
“I See Myself in Them”
Authors: Castrellón Liliana E. , Pérez-Torres Judith C.
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores a first-year ethnic studies course to highlight the importance of engaging the diversity within the classroom in relation to the diverse communities being served. Students participating in this course are self-identified Students of Color, many of whom are first generation college students, from lower socioeconomic communities. Introducing a Critical Race Service-Learning framework, the authors highlight how Students of Color in this course learn about race, class, gender, language, citizenship status, phenotype, sexuality, etc. to challenge the status quo while also actively engaging in service-learning with/in diverse communities as an empowering pedagogy. Findings indicate the foundational tools learned within the course pushed students to speak back to the educational inequities they witnessed at their service sites and experienced in K-12 to further empower them to continue giving back to their communities beyond college.
Educational Reform
Authors: Cobbinah Joseph Ezale , Yamoah Michael
Published: January 2021

This chapter aims at examining the nature of educational reforms in general, access how they impact on the lives of the citizens, and identify some of the global perspectives of educational reforms. It examines how education could be reformed to make it equitable, address inequality and social injustice that still persists in our society. Educational programs in many parts of the world continue to undergo reformation due to governments' policy changes or ideology, yet so many people seem not to be satisfied with the nature of education delivery. The chapter concludes that educational reform should not only aim at introducing just new courses, restructure the curriculum per se but should aim at ensuring that it equips the citizenry to make them develop entrepreneurial skills, be able to find solutions to their problems and self-reliant. Reforms must also address the social inequality, social injustice, and lack of equity, social and racial discrimination that still persists in our societies today.
The Use of Indigenous People's Pedagogic Way of Learning for Preschool and School Teachers
Authors: Jan Maluleka Khazamula
Published: January 2021

The main issue that bothers indigenous people is an unequal and unjust representation of their knowledge in relation to the formalized Western education system. Despite the affirmation of indigenous knowledge by the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the Western formal education system defines what knowledge and teaching methods are authentic or not. The purpose of this chapter is to determine the value of the indigenous knowledge and their pedagogic methods for preschool and school teachers. The data collected has been critically analyzed through John Rawls' theory of social justice. There is an agreement between authors and teachers that indigenous people had education systems that sustained them for years. This chapter provides some recommendations on how these valuable methods of teaching can be incorporated into the mainstream education systems.
Social Mobility in the UK's Higher Education Sector
Authors: Halsall Jamie P. , Caldwell Elizabeth F.
Published: January 2021

Social mobility is at the forefront of the British Government's plans to improve the lives of the most deprived groups in society. Since the election of the New Labour government in May 1997, consecutive governments have championed the concept of social mobility. The fundamental aim of social mobility is to tackle social barriers for disadvantaged groups in education and employment. However, within the social sciences there has been a lack of critical discussion regarding the theorisation of social mobility within the context of higher education (HE). In recent times higher education research has instead had a greater focus on pedagogy. The aim of this review is to critically explore past and current debates on social mobility, and the importance the concept has in the higher education sector. In this paper special reference will be made to the new UK government higher education policy on the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF).
Design and Analysis of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Array Antenna on 28 GHz Band for Future of 5G
Authors: Aboshosha Ashraf , El-Mashade Mohamed B. , Hegazy Ehab A.
Published: January 2021

The narrow beam widths generally associated with antennas at higher frequencies has led to the study of using advanced multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and adaptive beam-forming. These antenna technologies are overcoming some of the challenging propagation characteristics of mm waves and could increase the spectrum efficiency, provide higher data rates, and adequate reasonable coverage for mobile broadband services. With the potential for higher 10+GHz frequencies as well as mm waves deployment, most 5G candidates bands in 20 to 50 GHz. The frequency band of 5G is proposed and demonstrated above 24GHz such as 28GHz to 38GHz. In this chapter, the authors present a design of 28GHz for 4 Elements microstrip patch array antenna for future fifth generation (5G) mobile-phone applications. The designed antenna can be implemented using low cost FR-4 substrates, while maintaining good performance in terms of gain and efficiency. In addition, the simulated results show that the antenna has the S11 response less than -10 dB in the frequency range of 22 to 34 GHz.
Online Learning and Heuristic Algorithms for 5G Cloud-RAN Load Balance
Authors: Moh Melody
Published: January 2021

The rapidly evolving 5G cellular system adapts cloud computing technology in its radio access networks (RAN), namely Cloud RAN or CRAN. CRAN enables better scalability, flexibility, and performance that allows 5G to provide connectivity for the vast volume of IoT devices. This chapter presents two major research results addressing the load balance (LB) problem in CRAN. First, the authors propose a generic online learning (GOL) system; GOL integrates reinforcement learning (RL) with deep learning method for an environment not fully visible, changing over time, while receiving feedbacks of fluctuating delays. Simulation results show that GOL successfully achieves the LB objectives of reducing both cache-misses and communication load. Next, they study eight practical LB based on real cellular network traffic characteristics provided by Nokia Research. Experiment results of these algorithms on queue-length analysis show that the simple, light-weight queue-based LB is almost as effectively as the much more complex waiting-time-based LB.
SMARC
Authors: Elsadek Walaa F. , Mikhail Mikhail N.
Published: January 2021

Next-generation network promises to integrate cross-domain carriers; thus, infrastructure can be provided as a service. 5G-PPP's vision is directed toward solving existing 4G LTE mobility challenges that congest core networks, disrupt multimedia and data transfer in high mobility situations such as trains or cars. This research adopts 5G methodology by using software-defined networking (SDN) to propose a novel mobile IP framework that facilitates seamless handover, ensures session continuity in standard and wide area coverage, and extends residential/enterprise indoor services across carriers under service level agreement while ensuring effective offload mechanism to avoid core network congestion. Performance excels existing protocols in setup and handover delays such as eliminating out-band signaling in bearer setup/release and isolating users' packets in virtual paths. Handover across cities in wide area motion becomes feasible with lower latency than LTE handover inside city. Extending indoor services across carriers becomes equivalent to LTE bearer setup inside a single carrier's PDN.
A Survey of Quality of Service in Long Term Evolution (LTE) Networks
Authors: Grigoriou Elisavet
Published: January 2021

In the past few years, it's observed that cellular operators have experienced a fast growth of mobile broadband subscribers and traffic volume per subscriber. Simultaneously, operators are moving from a single to a multi-service offering by adding new services. This chapter presents a survey of the Quality of Service (QoS) drivers in LTE and LTE-Advanced, focusing on IP Frameworks and IP Services. It also includes a detailed list and description of the resource management mechanisms, such as power saving, admission control, scheduling and resource allocation that play a vital role in QoS. The authors describe the State-of-the-Art in IP frameworks and Services such as video, VoIP, Video on Demand (VoD). Also, resource management mechanisms are described such as Energy efficiency, admission control, and scheduling. In the end, the authors mentioned the future directions about QoS in 5G networks.
Performance Improvement of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite Sports Equipment
Authors: Yang Xu Dong , Gu Fan , Chen Xin
Published: January 2021

This study is to explore the changes in the performance of sports equipment under the action of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. This paper studies the effects of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites in pole vault, bicycle, and tennis. The research results show that the performance of sports equipment based on carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials has been greatly improved, with outstanding effects in terms of thermal properties, interface properties, mechanical properties, and fatigue resistance. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite material damage expansion is divided into five stages: matrix cracking, interfacial degumming, delamination, fiber fracture, fracture. Therefore, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials are comprehensive for the improvement of sports equipment, which has greatly promoted the further development of sports. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials can be promoted in other fields, thereby obtaining greater progress with help of high technology. The study of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites in this paper has a positive effect on subsequent research.
Quantitative Characterization of Heat Treatment Response in a Single Crystal Nickel-Based Superalloy
Authors: Wei Zhen Wei , Liu Chang Kui , Li Yao , Chen Bing Qing
Published: January 2021

To study quantitatively the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure, composition and mechanical property in a new single crystal nickel-based superalloy for industrial gas turbine (IGT) applications, the eutectic fraction, carbide fraction, and the fraction, size, shape and distribution of the γ ́ phase was characterized by quantitative metallographic method, the evolution of chemical composition and hardness between core and inter dendrite was tested through EMPA and nanoindentation. The experimental results indicate that: The eutectic fraction decreases from (0.52±0.08) % to (0.03±0.01) %. The carbides fraction decreases from (0.23±0.04) % to (0.12±0.03) %, and Feret ratio decreases from 3.21±2.54 to 2.14±0.98. The γ ́ fraction increases from (55.66±4.18) % to (73.78±3.24) % in core dendritic region, from (64.82±1.44) % to (70.11±3.10) % in inter dendritic region. The γ ́-size is 406±111(nm) in core dendritic region and 918±384(nm) in inter dendritic region before heat treatment, 359±69(nm) in core dendritic region and 361±57(nm) in inter dendritic region after heat treatment. The γ ́-cuboidal degree is 1.08±0.20 in core dendritic region and 1.14±0.23 in inter dendritic region before heat treatment, 1.08±0.19 in core dendritic region and 1.02±0.14 in inter dendritic region after heat treatment. The solidification segregation coefficient of main segregation elements, such as Re, W, Hf, Ta, Al, and Mo, is closer to 1, with an average decrease of 27% after heat treatment. The hardness and modulus increase in core and inter dendritic, and their inhomogeneity is reduced between cores and inter dendritic. The improvement of properties result from the improvement of size uniformity and cuboidal degree of γ ́, and the reduction of carbides and eutectic through element homogeneity during heat treatment. The solidification segregation coefficient of main segregation elements, such as Re, W, Hf, Ta, Al, and Mo, is closer to 1, with an average decrease of 27% after heat treatment. With the addition of refractory elements, some elements partition to the dendrite core, while other elements tend to accumulate in the interdendritic liquid and then solidify as the interdendritic and eutectic regions during solidification. The hardness and modulus increase in core and inter dendritic, and their inhomogeneity is reduced between cores and inter dendritic. The improvement of properties result from the improvement of size uniformity and cuboidal degree of γ ́, and the reduction of carbides and eutectic through element homogeneity during heat treatment.
Model Test of Steel-Concrete Composite Beam Deck under Negative Moment
Authors: Rong Rui , Shan Yu Hui , Zhao Li , Wang Bao Qun
Published: January 2021

In order to understand the mechanical properties and force transfer law of steel-concrete composite beam deck under negative bending moment, and further guide the design. Based on a steel-concrete composite girder cable-stayed bridge, the model test of the mechanical behavior of the steel-concrete composite girder deck under the action of negative moment was carried out. The characteristics of mechanical failure and mechanical properties were analyzed.
Research on Springback during Hot Stamping with Uniform and Local-Thickened Sheet Blanks
Authors: Li Jin Bo
Published: January 2021

In this study, the effect of forming temperature, blank holder force, die entrance radius, die corner radius and blank local thickening on the springback of square cups were studied, by conducting finite element simulations of the hot stamping of 2024 aluminum alloy sheet blanks. Within the range of process parameters investigated in this study, increasing the forming temperature, blank holder force and die corner radius or decreasing the die entrance radius all lead to lower values of springback in hot stamped square cups after unloading. Compared to uniform blank, local-thickened sheet blank can significantly reduce the springback in hot stamped square cup. When the side length of the square-ring-shaped convex rib of the thickened blank is equal to the punch width and the convex rib faces downward, significant reductions in the springback, of at least 55.9%, can be achieved.
Pain management in COVID-19 pediatric patients—An evidence- based review
Authors: Mishra Priyanka , Tomar Anupama , Kumar Ajit , Nath Amborish , Sharma Suresh K. , Singh Girish Kumar
Published: January 2021

Despite our growing knowledge about the COVID pandemic, not much concern has been focused upon the effective pain management in pediatric patients suffering from this SARS CoV2 virus. Symptoms with pain like myalgia (10%–40%), sore throat (5%–30%), headache (14%–40%) and abdominal pain (10%) are common in children suffering from COVID. (3-5) We conducted a systematic review regarding analgesia for COVID positive pediatric patients. Cochrane, PubMed, and Google scholar databases were searched for relevant literature. Owing to the novel status of COVID-19 with limited literature, we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, case series and case reports in the descending order of consideration. Articles in languages other than English, abstract only articles and non-scientific commentaries were excluded. The Primary outcome was evaluation of pain related symptoms and best strategies for their management. Our review revealed that a multidisciplinary approach starting from non-pharmacological techniques like drinking plenty of water, removing triggers like inadequate sleep, specific foods and psychotherapy including distraction, comfort and cognitive behavioural strategies should be used. Pharmacological approaches like acetaminophen, NSAIDS, spasmolytics etc. can be used if non-pharmacological therapy is inadequate. As per the current strength of evidence, acetaminophen and ibuprofen can be safely administered for pain management in children with COVID-19. Undertreated pain is a significant contributor to increased morbidity and poor prognosis. Integration of evidence based non-pharmacotherapies in the multidisciplinary pain management will contribute towards improved functioning, early recovery and better quality care for pediatric patients suffering from COVID.
COVID-19 and the perioperative neuroscience - A narrative review
Authors: Kapoor Indu , Mahajan Charu , Prabhakar Hemanshu
Published: January 2021

Among the several medical specialties, anesthesiologists are probably the most affected ones from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic as they are at the frontline. In the present stage of the pandemic, where we are observing community transmission, more people with elective neurologic and neurosurgical problems are likely to be tested positive for this virulent disease. Neuroanesthesiologists play an important role in the perioperative period and in neuroradiology suite. It is imperative to know the best available ways by which health care providers can manage their patients and also necessary steps to prevent the spread of infection, not only amongst themselves but also between patients. A high index of suspicion in such patients may help avoid delay in diagnosis and catastrophic sequelae. An overall knowledge about the disease will help plan the clinical management of neurologic patients, during the perioperative period.
Effect of magnesium sulphate on the intracranial pressure of preeclampsia patients using ultrasound-guided optic nerve sheath diameter
Authors: Omran Ahmed Salaheldin , El Ansari Tarek , Riad Waleed
Published: January 2021

Background:

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is a known complication of pre-eclampsia with severe features. The use of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is the standard treatment and is associated with marked reduction of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and prevention of cerebral damage. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) ultrasonography is a bedside tool used to reflect changes in the ICP. The aim of this study is to detect the effect of MgSO4 administration on ICP in severe preeclampsia through measuring changes in the ONDS.

Methods:

Thirty pregnant female patients suffering from severe pre-eclampsia were enrolled in this prospective pilot study. Ultrasound measurement of ONSD was measured before the commencement of MgSO4 and after 1, 6, and 24 h after the administration.

Results:

There was a significant difference in ONSD measurements between that at baseline and post magnesium administration at 1, 6, and 24 h (P-value 0.001). Additionally, a significant difference in measurements between 1 and 6 and 6 and 24 h after magnesium initiation (P-value 0.001).

Conclusions:

Ultrasound ONSD measurement in patients with severe preeclampsia is a non-invasive easy tool to detect increased intracranial pressure and monitor the response to magnesium sulphate infusion.
PELATIHAN MACRAME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN IBU-IBU RUMAH TANGGA PRODUKTIF DI LINGKUNGAN KELURAHAN DALUNG
Authors: Dewi Surani  , Listiawati  , Merli Andini  , Naufal Mahdy
Published: January 2021

Kesempatan kerja yang terbatas, keinginan dan kemampuan agar dapat menambah penghasilan rumah tangga yang dimiliki oleh kelompok ibu - ibu di  kelurahan Dalung menjadi alasan bahwa sangat perlu ibu-ibu rumah tangga ini diberi ilmu keterampilan agar dapat meningkatkan pendapatannya.  Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan memberdayakan dan ingin membantu meningkatkan produktivitas masyarakat di kelurahan Dalung khususmya ibu-ibu rumah tangga dengan latar belakang pra sejahtera. Solusi yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan keterampilan keterampilan dengan metode participatory learning menitikberatkan pada learning by doing, dengan cara melatih, membina, mempraktekan, dalam menyelenggarakan pembuatan produk dari tali macrame. Pelatihan ini terdiri dari 3 kegiatan yakni 1)Menimbulkan keinginan dan kemauan para mitra untuk meningkatkan pendapatan rumah tangganya. 2) Peningkatan keterampilan tali macrame menjadi barang yang bernilai ekonomis. 3) kelompok usaha yang terbentuk dalam kerajinan tali Macrame. kesimpulannya : ketrampilan ibu-ibu PKK dalam membuat barang yang di ajarkan sesuai dengan arahan dalam produk tali Macrame, unik dan memiliki daya jual.
Teaching and Learning with Technology: Ramification of ICT Integration in Mathematics Education
Authors: Niem Marvelino Manipol , Veriña                                   Veriña                                   Veriñ Rizza Untalan , Alcantara Emil Castillo
Published: January 2021

The study was undertaken to determine the extent of integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to Mathematics teaching and learning processes among Junior and Senior High School teachers in the Division of Tanauan City. Further, the research also identified various challenges encountered in ICT-based teaching and learning Mathematics. This study used mixed method of research to obtain the necessary data in the conduct of this research. Specifically, the researchers used survey questionnaire, interview, and focus group discussion with the 77 junior and senior high school Mathematics teachers from the division of Tanauan City. The actual number of respondents was determined using Raosoft sample size determination at five percent margin of error and used stratified random sampling. The Weighted Mean, Frequency Distribution, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, and T-test were the statistical tools used to analyze the data gathered. Based on the findings of the study, majority of the respondents were female, bachelor’s graduate, from teachers I to III, 15 years below in the service and not active in the ICT – related seminars attended. Most of the respondents use technology in writing lesson plans, in computing students’ results and, in teaching the lesson through power point presentations. However, due to the lack of resources and little fund from the MOOE, the respondents rarely use telecommunication devices such as cable, satellite, fax-machine etc. to interact with pupils. There is a significant difference between the extent of the use of ICT in teaching and learning Mathematics and years in teaching. Different challenges like lack of ICT facilities, confidence in the use of ICT and lack of trainings attended were the most commonly identified by the respondents. With the aforementioned, the researchers recommended that Mathematics teachers must be given more opportunities to participate ICT-based seminars and trainings.
Transition from Primary to Secondary School Mathematics: Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Attard Catherine
Published: January 2021

During a longitudinal case study on engagement in Australian middle school years mathematics, 20 students in their first year of secondary school in Western Sydney, New South Wales, were asked about their experiences of the transition to secondary school in relation to their experiences of mathematics teaching and learning. Changes and disruptions in teacher-student relationships were a major cause of concern. This was due to fewer opportunities for teacher-student interactions and a heavy usage of computer-based mathematics lessons during the first months of secondary school. Findings indicate that a strong pedagogical relationship is a critical foundation for sustained engagement in mathematics during the middle years.
Designing Joyful and Meaningful New School Mathematics Using Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education
Authors: Zulkardi Zulkardi
Published: January 2021

A new issue in education in Indonesia is the change of curriculum in 2013. This paper presents what are the changes in content, media, method, and evaluation of mathematics subject at the school levels. As informed by the minister of education and culture in the national newspaper, the changes in the primary school mathematics will connect and integrate with science. This might increase the understanding of students in both the concept of mathematics and the application of mathematics in their daily lives that is also related to science. Hence, mathematics teachers need a way to design meaningful learning materials to integrate the two subjects. It is called thematic-integrated approach or one intertwined among strands or subjects. This article will discuss these both approaches. The former is mentioned in the new curriculum while the latter is one of five characteristics of Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI). Then the current development of PMRI after 12 years of implementation and dissemination in Indonesia will be discussed. During this discussion it will reveal how to design and implement joyful and meaningful mathematics learning materials by using the Indonesia context or culture.
The Hypothetical Learning Trajectory on Addition in Mathematics GASING
Authors: Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to look at the role of using Mathematics GASING (Math GASING) to help students understand and master the addition concept from the informal level (concrete) to the formal level. The research method used is design research with a preliminary design, teaching experiments, and retrospective analysis stages. This study describes how the Math GASING made a real contribution for students understanding of the concept of addition. The whole strategy and model that requires students to discover, to describe, and to discuss during the construction phase demonstrates how students can use their initial understanding of the addition concept. The stages in the learning trajectory have an important role in understanding the addition concept from informal level to formal level and also make the study of mathematics more easy, fun, and enjoyable.
Inculcating Tsunami Awareness in a Mathematics Lesson: Improving Students’ Collaborative Problem Solving via Lesson Study
Authors: Khalid Madihah , Ali Dk Haslinah Pg. Haji
Published: January 2021

The past two cycles of PISA have reflected the demands of the skills and competencies that many countries desire their future generations to possess. Among these competencies, students’ financial literacy, problem solving, and communication skills have emerged to be as important as their reading and quantitative literacy (OECD, 2013). Problem-solving, along with other 21st century skills can be inculcated in the students by using the problem-solvingpedagogy. However, teachers who are not used to teaching mathematics via problem solving need to experience the pedagogy themselves and this can be best achieved by implementing Lesson Study. A Lesson Study research study was conducted to look at collaborative problem solving in the teaching of the topic on “rate” to year 5 students. Results showed that students benefited from their lesson in terms of increased knowledge of the problem context and theability to apply knowledge of rates in finding the best solution that the problem posed. Consequently, Lesson Study was found to help enhance teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. It helped them produce effective lesson plans that incorporated student-centred authentic lessons that also integrated values, use of technology and students’ creativity in problem solving.
Re-engaging with Primary Mathematics Through Sustained Professional Development: A Case Study
Authors: Attard Catherine
Published: January 2021

This paper reports on aspects of a case study of sustained professional development to improve teacher and student engagement with mathematics. Teachers from Grades 3 to 6 in one Western Sydney primary school were involved with a professional development program over the course of 18 months. Prior to this, the teachers limited opportunities to engage with any mathematics-related professional development. The professional development program resulted in improved teacher engagement and the development of a community of practice within the school. Findings from the study align with recommendations from literature that teachers must be provided with opportunities for continuing professional development that is self-nominated and focused on individual needs as well as group needs.
Mathematics Literacy: An Australian Perspective and Experience
Authors: White Allan Leslie
Published: January 2021

A brief listing of five different types of mathematical literacy is provided. The definition used by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is selected and some brief remarks are provided on this program. The performance of Australian students is examined which shows that at the beginning of the new century 2000, Australian educators were feeling comfortable and reasonably satisfied with student performance but by 2016there was great concern over a consistent decline. The reasons for this decline are briefly discussed with the focus on Australian governmental policies that followed the directions of reform in the United States and Great Britain, and what has been labelled GERM. Current policies have been tried and failed and it is time to look for alternatives. While it is not wise to just copy the programs and policies of another country rather than adapt them due to differences in culture, population diversity, and other factors, nevertheless countries such as Finland can offer alternative paths to be explored. In Australia’s case it would also seem to be unwise to adopt policies and programs of countries who perform worse than it.
The Effect of Inquiry Learning and Discovery Learning on Student Learning Achievement Viewed from Spatial Intelligence
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Budiyono Budiyono , Subanti Sri
Published: January 2021

The goal of this study is to determine the effects of inquiry learning and discovery learning upon learning achievement of junior high school students viewed from spatial intelligence. The learning models compared were inquiry learning, discovery learning, and classical model. This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a 3 x 3 factorial design. The population was all students Grade 8 of junior high school in Solo. The sample used a stratified cluster random sampling strategy which consisted of 260 students, divided into three groups, namely: 86 students in experimental group 1, 86 students in experimental group 2, and 88 students in control group. The instruments used included a mathematics achievement test and a spatial intelligence test. The data analysis used the two-way multivariate analysis of variance. The results of this study are as follows: (1) inquiry learning and discovery learning gave better learning achievement than the classical model, while inquiry learning and discovery learning resulted the same learning achievement, (2) students with high spatial intelligence had similar learning achievement with those with middle spatial intelligence, and (3) students with high and middle spatial intelligence had better learningachievement than students who had low spatial intelligence.
Indonesian Continuing Professional Development Implementation: Knowledge Development Aspect of Yogyakarta Senior Secondary School Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Nugraheni Theresia Veni Tri , Jailani Jailani
Published: January 2021

Continuing Professional Development (CPD) contributes to teacher competencies, teaching practice quality, and student achievement. Based on a literature review, we found that there were three aspects of CPD. The CPD aspects that we found were: knowledge development; skill development; and knowledge dissemination. In this study, we focused on describing:(1) the CPD implementation, and (2) the barriers faced by senior secondary school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency in conducting the aspect of knowledge development. This type of study is descriptive research using a mixed method with convergent parallel design. The research subjects were all senior secondary school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency who participated in The Indonesian Teacher Competency (Uji Kompetensi Guru) in 2015 and 33 teachers were selected. Data werecollected through a questionnaire, documentation, and interviews, and analysed using descriptive techniques. The results showed that the CPD implementation in the aspect of knowledge development of senior secondary school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency was poor. The greatest barriers experienced by teachers related to conducting the aspect of knowledge development were an overwhelming workload, lack of selfmotivation, and inadequate place and time. Based on these findings, we suggested that teachers needed to be helped to develop their understanding and awareness of how CPD can improve their competencies, teaching practice quality, and student achievement. We also suggested that the government and stakeholders should encourage and facilitate teachers to participate actively to CPD activities that reach out teachers’ need.
Роль научной элиты юридического факультета Московского университета в реформировании России в начале XX века: С.А. Муромцев и Ф.А. Головин
Authors: Ilin Aleksey A.
Published: January 2021

Непростым в истории России выдался XX век: три революции, две мировые войны, дважды смена правления, политических режимов. Несмотря на все эти трудности, которые выпали на одно столетие, Россия выстояла, не утратила своего былого могущества и продолжает до сих пор удивлять, учить и восхищать собой политических противников. Но, нужно понимать, что Россия – это не только территория, - это, прежде всего, люди, которые готовы на жертву, на подвиг, не получая ничего взамен. В данном исследовании такими пассионариями, элитой являются С.А. Муромцев и Ф.А. Головин. Опираясь на методологический плюрализм, а преимущественно на общенаучные методы анализа и синтеза, дедукции и индукции, классификации и аналогии, приемы и средства исторического анализа, использования элементов герменевтики, автор в сравнительном ключе определяет вклад Муромцева и Головина в создание традиций российского парламентаризма, строительстве гражданского общества. В данном исследовании определяются и сравниваются не только последовательные политические шаги Муромцева и Головина, а также их поведение в должности председателей, составляются психологические портреты. Несмотря на все препятствия, с которыми столкнулись Муромцевым и Головиным, за ними прочно закрепилась звание элиты, а их начинания были продолжены потомками. Особенно важно, что и сегодня идеи, выдвинутые председателями первой и второй Государственной Думой, актуальны. Поэтому довольно интересным аспектом является сравнительный анализ идей политического преобразования российского общества предложенных Муромцевым и Головиным, учеными одной научной школы Московского университета.
Научная элита: опыт формально - концептуального моделирования
Authors: Klimenko Irina S.
Published: January 2021

Элитная система, как атрибут современного высокотехнологичного общества формируется по вполне определенным правилам и в соответствии с некоторыми нормами. Механизмы взаимодействия в паре «элита-сообщество», правила отбора представляют интерес для исследования как факторы, который могут и должны быть формализованы. Процесс формирования элиты можно будет считать регулируемым только в том случае, если эти правила и нормы будут прозрачны, адекватны целям формирования элитной группы, ингерентны и релевантны. В статье исследуются формальные модели элитных групп, в которых определены основные атрибутивные признаки научной элиты, показаны механизмы пополнения элиты и защиты ее от деградации. Интерес к данной проблематике обусловлен разнообразием форм элитных групп (научная, военная, политическая и т.д.), недостаточно корректным определением состава и структуры оценочных показателей, по которым происходит отбор в элитную группу; отсутствием эффективных алгоритмов отбора элементов в элиту. На основе изучения механизмов формирования элитных групп выявлены особенности элиты, как объекта формального моделирования. Анализ выявленных особенностей позволил заложить основы авторской системы классификации элитных групп, определить основные системообразующие признаки элиты, находящейся на конкретном уровне иерархии и соответствующие им параметры; условия перехода на более высокий уровень.
Формальные модели, разработанные автором, могут быть использованы для расширения рамок теории управления сложными социально-экономическими системами; прикладной аспект исследования представляет интерес дляразработка действенных инструментальных средств создания научной элиты и защиты ее от деградации.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DIDÁTICA DOS MUSEUS PARA A SENSIBILIZAÇÃO SOCIAL NO SURGIMENTO DA COVID-19
Authors: De Paula Henrique Carmem Beatriz , Araujo Cruz Rivetla Edipo , Verbicaro Soares Douglas , Télèsphore Montcho Sedjro Enock
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo busca utilizar a experiência didática dos museus como instrumentos de sensibilização social, com o objetivo de proporcionar discussões sobre o acesso à cultura de forma igualitária, se aproveitando de um período de adversidade mundial, como o decorrido pela COVID-19. O emprego da sensibilização por meio das artes servirá como alternativa para combater a exclusão sistêmica da população, que acabam ficando alijadas de conhecer as artes, constituindo verdadeiras vítimas de modelos desiguais. A eleição dos museus foi motivada pelos projetos inovadores que vêm permitindo à sociedade, em momentos de incertezas e angústias, de encontrar alternativas sensibilizadoras para combater problemas estruturais históricos. As medidas de inclusão apresentadas por essas Instituições Culturais ampliaram os horizontes para a descoberta dos legados históricos dos seres humanos. Razão pela qual esses esforços representam marcos importantes para mudanças de paradigmas e, principalmente, na possibilidade das expressões culturais estarem mais próximas dos indivíduos, despertando emoções e incentivando o desenvolvimento de suas identidades. O estudo apresentou uma abordagem metodológica baseada em dados bibliográficos e documentais, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa sob método dedutivo.
ENTREPRENUERSHIP PRACTICES IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND A WAY FORWARD TOWARDS BUILDING A STRONG NATION
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Awka, Bala Danladi , Gawuna Ali ,   Department of Marketing, School of Management Studies, Kano State Polytechnic
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research is to determine the entrepreneurs’ perception on the quality of their operation in Nigerian business environment in relation to building strong nation. It is no longer secret that most Nigerian goods cannot compete in terms of price and quality in the open international market. The problem lies in the cost profile of our manufacturing processes, inefficient design of entrepreneurship business, poor management of entrepreneurs funds which hardly been helped by the high cost of obtaining basic service that are taken for granted elsewhere. Effective implementation of policy is the best way out of these problems. The methodology adopted was conceptual in nature, intensive library work was carried out to explicate the theoretical issues, also the study relied heavily on Secondary data which is collected and published by CBN, SMEDAN, Text book, Journals, Periodicals and other related documents. The finding from the previous researchers revealed a positive relationship between entrepreneurship practices and nation building. Therefore, the study recommends appropriate authority should create a viable programme with aim of improving and enriching the effectiveness of those programmes as well as providing the necessary update to keep track of the pace of building strong Nation. And for Nigeria business environment to be salvaged from being the shadow of its former self, business policies must be backed up with appropriate funding, with commitment, Sincerity and consciousness of direction for greater good for all entrepreneur toward building a strong nation.