bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF VARIATION CONCENTRATION OF TETRAHYDROHEXAGAMAVUNON-5 (THHGV-5) IN EMULGEL PREPARATION ON ACUTE DERMAL IRRITATION EFFECT AND SUN PROTECTING FACTOR (SPF) VALUE
Authors: RITMALENI  , JUSON  , ZULKARNAIN ABDUL KARIM , INDARYANTI ALYA ELYSA , FATMAWATI ANNISA
Published: November 2023

Objective: A tropical nation experiences intense daytime solar radiation. The likelihood that this condition will result in skin conditions like skin cancer may increase. The skin can be protected as one strategy for coping with this poor potency. Applying various cosmetic products to the skin can provide protection. Due to the antioxidant activity of certain components, various active ingredient types are used in the formulation of those products. A chemical that was created from the structure of curcumin is one of the examples. This substance is referred to as a curcumin analog. THHGV-5 is an analog of curcumin that has strong antioxidant properties. The purpose of this investigation is to ascertain how different Tetrahydropentagamavunon-5 (THHGV-5) concentrations affect the emulgel's sun-protecting factor (SPF) value and irritancy effect.
Methods: The three different concentrations of THHGV-5 emulgel are 1.50%, 1.75%, and 2.00%. Then, tests are conducted on the physical qualities (organoleptic, pH, adhesion, dispersiility, and viscosity). The UV spectrophotometric method was used to determine the SPF value of THHGV-5 emulgel in vitro. Regression analysis was used to examine the SPF values from measurements. The acute dermal irritation method was used to measure the Primary Irritation Index (PII) in real-time. The Indonesian Food and Drug Administration's In vivo Non-Clinical Toxicity Test Guidelines are followed by this procedure. PII results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis with a 95% confidence level.
Results: SPF and PII values will rise as a result of increasing the THHGV-5 content in the formulae. The concentration of THHGV-5 (1.50%, 1.75%, and 2.00%) causes the increase of the SPF values of the formulas (5.76±1.10, 13.03±1.39, and 15.77±0.22) by moderate, maximum, and ultra protection. PII values obtained are significantly different, with a significance level of ≤ 0.05.
Conclusion: According to the study's findings, emulgel formulas with higher THHGV-5 concentrations would have higher SPF values and irritant effects. Since a tropical country's SPF recommendation is 15, THHGV-5 with a 2.00% concentration will be able to provide enough protection. However, a study of three different THHGV-5 concentrations (1.50%, 1,75%, and 2.00%) revealed that none of the formulae were skin-safe since they can irritate the skin.
CO-RELATION OF P-GLYCOPROTEIN AND PLASMA IMATINIB IN IMATINIB RESPONDERS AND NON-RESPONDERS PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA
Authors: NAGAPPA LOKESH BAGARI , THUNDAKATTIL ASHWATHY VARADARAJAN
Published: November 2023

Objective: To measure and compare P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressions in imatinib responders and non-responders with chronic myeloid leukemia-chronic phase (CML-CP) and correlate with plasma imatinib levels.
Methods: Patients were classified into two groups based on their haematological and cytogenetic responses to imatinib: responders and non-responders. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to measure plasma imatinib levels, while flow cytometry was used to evaluate leucocyte P-gp expression.
Results: The median plasma imatinib trough levels in non-responders were 496 (217-3150) ng/ml compared to 2245 (454-4270) ng/ml in the responders, which was statistically significant (p=0.0003). The proportion of patients expressing P-gp in granulocytes was higher in the non-responder group than in the responder group (75% vs. 62.5%). The ratio of mean fluorescence intensity (RFI) revealed that non-responders had higher median P-gp expression than did respondents MFI (1.16(1.06-1.50) and 1.12(1.01-1.38), respectively; p = 0. 2307). In both groups, there was a negative correlation between P-gp expression and plasma imatinib trough levels (-0.4384 vs.-0.2848).
Conclusion: Imatinib median plasma trough levels in non-responders were considerably lower. This was highly supported by P-gp expression in granulocytes, which is inversely related to imatinib plasma trough levels; however, the difference was not statistically significant, which could be attributed to the small number of patients. This could be the cause of imatinib resistance in non-responder CML-CP patients, and P-gp levels should be evaluated to optimize treatment in patients who do not achieve hematologic or cytogenetic response.
SUSTAINED ANTICANCER EFFECT BY NARINGIN-LOADED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES IN HUMAN LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA A549 CELLS
Authors: RAVILLA LEELARANI , M. LAVANYA , R. PADMINI
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to design naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) and evaluate the formulated nanoparticles (NPs) for their antioxidant and anticancer potential.
Methods: Naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) were prepared using a modified sol-gel method with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a capping agent. Subsequently, were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), powder X-ray diffraction (PW-XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Furthermore, the naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) were evaluated for their in vitro free radical scavenging activity using antioxidant assays and inhibition of lipid peroxidation potential using the altered thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) test. The cytotoxic effect of naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) on the non-transformed Vero cell line and lung cancer A549 cell line was investigated using the (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay. Apoptosis study was conducted using the Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining assay, while propidium iodide (PI) stain was utilized to observe apoptotic morphological changes.
Results: The prepared naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) were smooth and hexagonal, with an average particle size of 500 nm. The antioxidant assays demonstrated that the naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) and ascorbic acid exhibited comparable free radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation activity. In MTT assay, the naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) displayed IC₅₀ values of 1014.05 µg/ml for Vero cell lines and 317.51 µg/ml for A549 cells, highlighting their influence on cell viability. Remarkably, treatment of A549 cells with the Nar-ZnO NPs resulted in dose-dependent apoptotic morphological changes, as observed through (AO/EB) double staining assay and propidium iodide (PI) stain.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that the naringin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nar-ZnO NPs) displayed dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity, significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and notable anticancer properties against A549 cells.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF NANOSPHERES CONTAINING CARBIMAZOLE
Authors: SHARMA RAM BABU , KUMAR AJAY , GUPTA AVNEET
Published: November 2023

Objective: To develop and evaluate polymeric nanospheres of Carbimazole using Nano-precipitation method.
Methods: The polymeric nanospheres of Carbimazole were prepared employing the nano-precipitation method using a varied concentration of Chitosan (polymer). The prepared formulations were characterized for several parameters such as SEM, Particle size, Micromeritic properties, Encapsulation efficiency, Degree of swelling, Percentage moisture loss, drug content, and in vitro drug release and release kinetics.
Results: Carbimazole-loaded polymeric nanospheres were developed, and the evaluation parameters depicted results within an acceptable range. The result of FTIR studies shows that there is no interaction between drug and excipients. The melting point, obtained as per the reference standard (122-125 °C) depicted the purity and authenticity of the drug. The micromeritics studies also supported the characterization of drug and excipients. The drug content was found to be in the range of 80.3±0.65 to 99.5±0.81 for all six formulations. The entrapment efficacy was obtained for all six formulations and ranged from 82.17 to 99.56. The release parameters were also observed for all formulations, and they were determined in the range of 82.5±0.4 for formulation NS6 (12 h) to 98.6±0.9 for formulation NS4 (24 h).
Conclusion: The results revealed thatthe formulation containing a higher concentration of Chitosan and a lower concentration of Tween 80 showed prolonged in vitro drug release in a controlled manner. Hence, On the basis of all formulation results, the NS4 was the best formulation among all.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ITRACONAZOLE SOLID DISPERSION GEL CUTANEOUS DELIVERY
Authors: MADHAVI NIMMATHOTA , SUDHAKAR BEERAVELLI , SRAVANI UPPALAPU
Published: November 2023

Objective: The objective of this research is to enhance the permeation of low bioavailable drugs with suitable dosage forms by utilizing various permeation enhancers.
Methods: Solid dispersions (SDs) were prepared by kneading, whereas physical mixtures (PM) were prepared by simple mixing with polymers PEG 6000 and PEG 20000 and evaluated for various physicochemical parameters. Optimized SDs were converted to gels using a variety of polymers and were evaluated for in vitro and ex vivo permeation studies.
Results: It was found that the percentage of drugs in SDs and PMs was within the limit. The dissolution of SDs and PMs was found to be the highest with PEG-6000 (99.78% within 240 min) compared to PEG 20000. The maximum drug release (92.9% within 8 h) was achieved with oleic acid in both in vitro and ex vivo permeation studies, as evidenced by the in vitro and ex vivo permeation studies. The developed formulations showed no incompatibility between drugs and excipients, as demonstrated by drug and excipient interaction studies.
Conclusion: The results that were observed confirmed that the itraconazole PEG-6000 gel developed has promising effects on desirable skin permeation.
IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF TECOVIRIMAT A REPURPOSED DRUG AGAINST THE MONKEYPOX VIRUS, ITS OFF-TARGET HUMAN PROTEINS, AND IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH
Authors: AGGARWAL JANVI , SHARMA POONAM
Published: November 2023

Objective: In this study, in silico analysis of human off-target proteins of tecovirimat, an investigational drug reported to stop monkey pox virus infection by binding to a protein that the virus uses to enter host cells was performed to better understand its off-target long-term and short-term effects on other important biological processes in patients.
Methods: The target and off-target proteins of the drug, as well as their characteristics, protein-protein interactions, and the pathways they are involved in, were thoroughly analyzed using a number of databases, including Drug Bank, the NCBI Gene Database, BLAST, the UCSC Gene Sorter, Gene MANIA, STRING, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway Database.
Results: The current study showed that although the repurposing drug tecovirimat aids in the treatment of patients with monkeypox by binding to the viral p37 protein, it can also accidentally interfere with vital biological processes by interacting with off-target proteins or by indirectly interfering with the proteins that interact with these target proteins.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of extensively assessing and evaluating all repurposed drugs for their off-target effects before making them available to the general public.
EFFECT OF RHUBARB FREE ANTHRAQUINONES ON OBESITY IN RATS AND ITS POTENTIAL MECHANISM
Authors: ZHANG GUIFANG , WANG HAIJIAO , KHATTAK SAEED ULLAK , LV HUIJUAN , WANG LIFANG , LI XUEFENG , SUN XIUXIA , SHI YANBIN
Published: November 2023

Objective: The study was to confirm the effect of rhubarb-free anthraquinones (RhA) on anti-obesity and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism of action of RhA.
Methods: The obesity model of rats was induced by a high-fat diet to evaluate the effect of RhA on weight reduction and their potential mechanism based on network pharmacology and molecular docking as well as Western blotting analysis.
Results: RhA significantly reduced body weight, lipid-body ratio and Lee's index of the obese model rats. The level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly was decreased, and the number of fat droplets and fat cells in the liver tissue of the obese model rats was significantly reduced after treatment. The anti-obesity-related core proteins mainly targeted by RhA were predicted as MAPK8, MAPK14 and CASP3. Aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion had high affinity with these proteins. The relative expression of CASP3 and MAPK8 in the obese model rats was increased at gene and proteins levels after treatment.
Conclusion: RhA had significant weight-reducing and blood lipid-lowering effect of obese rats, and they may mainly intervene in obesity by up-regulating the expression levels of MAPK8 and CASP3 protein involved in fat metabolism.
EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL ASSOCIATED FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO VARIOUS SIDE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 VACCINES IN BANGLADESH
Authors: TAMANNA SAMIHA , GHOSH RUPALI , REZA SAKIB , ISLAM SOJIBUL , KHAN NOOR MUHAMMAD
Published: November 2023

Objective: Due to questions about the safety and possible side effects of COVID-19 vaccines, initially, most individuals with chronic comorbid conditions showed unwillingness to vaccination. Though COVID-19 vaccines were found safe in clinical trials, real-world results still need to be explored to generate and further analyze the safety and efficacy profile of these vaccines. Our study aimed to evaluate and associate the various side effects of COVID-19 vaccines at different covariate levels along with comorbid conditions.
Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh using data collected from a sample of vaccinated individuals through a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis with a chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression model to identify the frequency, severity, and duration of side effects, as well as the associations between side effects and potential predictors. Our study investigated the side effects of four prominent approved COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh.
Results: The findings revealed that Sinopharm was the most administered vaccine, accounting for 55% of the respondents. The majority of participants (38%) reported experiencing mild side effects, such as pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headache, while only 13% required hospitalization due to severe side effects. Significant associations were observed between vaccine type and variables such as gender, age group, concomitant health complications, prior COVID-19 history, physician's recommendation, and adverse consequences. Logistic regression analysis identified significant associations between the presence of side effects and variables such as concomitant health complications (OR=3.2 p-value: 0.011) and concomitant medications (OR=0.38, p-value: 0.039).
Conclusion: These results provide valuable insights to help guide vaccination strategies and ensure vaccine safety in Bangladesh. Further investigation into these aspects in larger and more diverse groups is necessary, taking longitudinal follow-up and the objective evaluation of side effects into consideration.
Especialización productiva, interdependencia sectorial y crecimiento de las ramas económicas de Sonora, 2003-2019
Authors: Mendoza Sánchez Mario Alberto , Vargas Mendia Gilberto , Coronado Acosta Leonardo
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: estudiar la correspondencia entre la especialización productiva, la interdependencia sectorial y el crecimiento de la economía de Sonora entre 2003 y 2019. Metodología: se emplean medidas de contribución al crecimiento, especialización productiva y multiplicadores sectoriales de la producción para contrastar la reinterpretación de la primera ley de Kaldor propuesta por Pacheco-López en 2014. Resultados: el sector manufacturero de exportación es clave porque realiza una importante contribución al crecimiento económico de Sonora. También contribuyen el sector primario y la minería que, además, cuentan con especialización productiva e influencia intersectorial. Valor: el estudio aporta información para diseñar una política de desarrollo productivo estatal que consolide las cadenas productivas que lideran los sectores tradicionales y aprovechar las áreas de oportunidad de las ramas de exportación. Limitaciones: no se registran los efectos del comercio con otras regiones del país. Conclusión: los pilares de la economía de Sonora se encuentran en las actividades primarias, en las extractivas y en los sectores manufactureros de exportación.
PRINCIPALES CAUSAS DEL PORQUÉ EMPLEADOS DE EMPREAS MEXICANAS NO TRANSNACIONALES NO DESEAN PERMANECER POR LARGOS PERIODOS DE TIEMPO EN UNA MISMA COMPAÑÍA
Authors: Flores Alvarado Jesús
Published: November 2023

Las empresas mexicanas, principalmente las tradicionales y que no han cruzado las fronteras del país, es decir, que solo se han dedicado a mantenerse vivas dentro del territorio mexicano, no provocan la emoción necesaria en el empleado para que sus intereses profesionales se forjen en un mismo lugar.

El empleado, hablando de quienes laboran en trabajos de oficina, donde depositan sus buenas intenciones de desarrollar su carrera profesional, no recibe de manera reciproca por parte de la empresa ese compromiso por el cual demuestran al iniciar su labor en la nueva compañía a la que ingresaron.

Las empresas mexicanas, sin generalizar, quieren obtener beneficios inmediatos sin darse cuenta de que no han “afilado el hacha después de haber cortado más de mil árboles”, es decir, no piensan que a los empleados hay que capacitarlos, reconocerlos, desarrollarlos y motivarlos entro otras cosas. Para mantener viva la empresa obteniendo los resultados esperados no se puede pensar que las cosas irán en ascenso si no contamos con el poder del empleado desarrollado en sus habilidades y capacidades para lo que fue contratado.

El patrón, gerente o líder debe tener entre sus principales objetivos el desarrollo de todo colaborador que lo representa. A su vez, el departamento de Capital Humano tiene un gran reto que es medido por medio de un indicador al que se le llama “rotación del personal”. Debe existir un triángulo de comunión y es conformado por: El patrón, gerente o líder, colaborador, representante(s) del Capital Humano, para obtener de personal ordinario resultados extraordinarios.
Power Control Study of Hydrokinetic Power Plants in presence of Wake Effect
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad , Fachri Muhammad Rizal
Published: November 2023

Hydrokinetic power plants are able to produce energy only by harnessing the kinetic energy of flowing water. Compared to dam-based hydroelectric power plants, hydrokinetic power plants have minimal impact on several issues e.g. environmental, health, social and political conflict. Similar to wind turbines in a wind farms, hydrokinetic turbines in tidal farms also generate a wake effect, which results in less kinetic energy on downstream turbines compared to upstream turbines. This article shows the simulation results of three hydrokinetic power generation systems installed in series on the same water stream such as river or aqueduct. The upstream turbine generates wake effect and resulting a velocity deficit both in the two downstream turbines. Bastankhah Porté-Agel model for wake effect was used in this study. The simulation results show that the downstream turbine cannot maintain the given voltage reference and loses the stability of the power control if the water velocity decreases. Several recommendations regarding series configuration of the hydrokinetic system are also presented in order to support the control stability.
Pengukuran Kualitas Aplikasi E-Surat Menggunakan ISO 9126
Authors: Musfikar Rahmat , Rozana Liza , Hazrullah Hazrullah , Islamadina Raihan
Published: November 2023

Electronic mail is a web-based tool that is used to archive incoming and outgoing letters. This application was created to help and expedite the job of filing letters at SMK Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh. Defects are common in any new software development; development allows for errors to make the application heavier. As a result, testing software is critical; the purpose is to determine the quality of the information system that has been built or developed, because quality affects user happiness. A standard is required in the construction and development of a quality information system so that the feasibility of the information system can be measured. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9126 standard is used in this study's quality assessment. The results reveal that the built web-based document archiving information system satisfied the ISO 9126 criteria in terms of functionality, usability, dependability, and efficiency.
Design of a Relay Circuit Based LCC Bell for the IAIN Pontianak Quiz Competition
Authors: Havizul Havizul
Published: November 2023

In order to commemorate its second anniversary, the Mathematics Tadris Study Program at IAIN Pontianak organized a quiz competition between West Kalimantan schools in December 2022. The difficulty in obtaining the Quiz Buzzer, despite the fact that it is a crucial component in conducting the Quiz Contest, was one of the challenges encountered when attempting to carry out the event. Without the Quiz Buzzer, the contest question session would not have been held. This study was done to develop a quiz buzzer for a Tadris Mathematics Study Program quiz competition based on a DC 12V relay circuit. The needs identification, design, development, and testing phases make up the four phases of the methodology used in this study. A truth table, which represents the operation or functionalities of the quiz buzzer circuit, and a wiring plan known as a ladder diagram was produced during the design phase. A comprehensive schematic for the quiz buzzer circuit was created throughout the development stage. While the Proteus software's simulation capability is used to do testing. The software simulation test results demonstrate that the quiz buzzer circuit is functioning correctly in accordance with the requirements of quiz competitions.
Family Medicine Residency Program Directors’ Perception of Curricular Elements Related to Autism: A CERA Study
Authors: Soares Neelkamal , VanDerKolk Kristi , Hasan Md Sakibur , Burge Sandra K. , Graves Lisa
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives: The family medicine (FM) approach to health care across the life span is well-suited to providing care for persons living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Little is known about ASD curricula in FM residency training and the characteristics of FM residency programs that prepare their residents to care for persons with this disorder.
Methods: Our study questions were part of a larger omnibus survey by the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) with data collection from November 16 to December 18, 2022, from FM residency program directors (PDs). ASD curricula were investigated using 10 questions, with descriptive analyses and nonparametric comparisons between program variables and ASD curriculum.
Results: The response rate was 42.18%, with FM PDs reporting that their programs were preparing residents in the care of youth (71.53%) and adults (68.33%) with ASD, but to a lesser extent (58.89%) in facilitating transitions of care. Programs with faculty champions, access to published curricula, sufficient patients with ASD, and engagement of interprofessional faculty reported a higher proportion of resident preparedness. PDs of community-based programs were most confident in their ability to teach ASD care and transitions of care.
Conclusions: Most FM PDs modestly agreed that they are preparing residents to provide care to patients with ASD and their families. PDs of programs with greater access to resources (ie, published curriculum, faculty champions, sufficient patients with ASD, interprofessional faculty experts) believed that their residents were more prepared. Community-based FM educators may help lead the way in providing models for care and education in this regard.
STRENGTHENING STUDENTS' RELIGIOUS MODERATION THROUGH ENGLISH LEARNING MATERIALS
Authors: Budiasih Budiasih , Dewi Fitri Ana Ika
Published: November 2023

This study aims at developing English teaching materials by internalizing religious moderation for non-English students at Islamic higher education. The developed learning materials is in the form of module that is compiled based on students’ needs. This is a Research and Development (R&D) with need analysis, planning, development, revision, and production. The subjects of this study were two English lecturers of non-English study program at UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta. The data were obtained from observation in the classrooms, interviews on Islamic moderation, and the document of English learning book. The expert judgments were applied to validate the development of the English materials. The developed materials do not only contain language competences, but also consist of some topics based on contextual learning with the basis of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) which is integrated with religious moderation values. The themes coming from students’ needs are: tolerance, respecting others, false information (hoax), helping each other, multiculturalism, and bullying. The internalization of religious moderation in developing English teaching materials is considered supportive to prevent the students from intolerance and radicalism.
Strong context-dependence in the relative importance of climate and habitat on macro-moth community changes in Finland
Authors: Guilbault Emy
Published: November 2023

Evaluating the relative impacts of land use and climate change on
community change is challenging – and their impact may be
contextdependent. Here, we use long-term nocturnal macro-moth community
data to evaluate the relative impacts of changing habitats vs. changing
climates on community composition and diversity of moths in different
landscape settings and for moth species associated with different
traits. We used Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities to
pinpoint moth species’ responses to climate and habitat composition in
109 sites across Finland. To characterise context-dependence, we
extended this framework with conditional variance partitioning analysis.
We used the model predictions to evaluate the relative effect of drivers
on community diversity across Finland. The landscape context (i.e. the
habitat composition around the site and its changes) emerged as the
dominant driver of macro-moth communities. At the site level, where
forests or shrub-like vegetation dominates, variation in species
occurrence was mostly explained by local habitat conditions. In
heterogeneous and water-dominated habitats, both habitat and climate
variability contributed equally to patterns in species occurrence. At
the species level, macro-moth responses to drivers of change varied
according to their host plant affinity but independently of their
wingspan. Climate and habitat changes can thus contribute congruently or
unequally to community change, depending on the habitat. At the
community level, traits also give insights into trends in and temporal
variability of biogeographic patterns. Our results underpin the
importance of land-use change as a key driver of community change –
even among heatsensitive ectotherms. We also demonstrate that the
sensitivity of local communities to climate and land use change varies
among habitat profiles. Overall, our results highlight the importance of
accounting for local conditions to understand and predict community
patterns under global change.
Thermodynamic Bounds of Terrestrial Water-Energy Coupling and Resiliency in Global Ecosystems
Authors: Mishra Debasish , Sehgal Vinit , Mohanty Binayak P
Published: November 2023

Increasing climatic variability has resulted in an unprecedented surge
in extreme events, pressing global ecosystems towards systematic
breakdown. Yet, the resilience of the soil-vegetation-atmosphere (SVA)
system to revert to its natural state indicates the existence of
energetic barriers forbidding systems from tipping. Observational and
theoretical constraints limit our understanding of these energetic
barriers which are crucial for assessing ecosystem sensitivity to
atmospheric perturbations. We provide a novel coherent theory on the
dissipative energy barriers (𝛥e) which decides the resilience potential
of an ecosystem. These barriers are manifestation of lower bounds of
entropy produced ( Σ *) for unit anomaly transference from soil moisture
(SM) to evapotranspiration (ET). Using remote sensing data, we compute
these global entropy bounds by introducing a new metric (Wasserstein
distance, ) for SM-ET coupling. Quantifying these lower bounds from
SM-ET coupling, places terrestrial ecosystems in the hierarchy of
dissipative energy states spanning from forested regions to barren
lands. Furthermore, we show that the optimization of SM-ET coupling
translates to entanglement of water potential gradient (∆ω) between land
surface and atmospheric boundary layer, and the resulting memory
timescale or residence time (τ). This (τ.∆ω) entanglement propels
moisture-rich and moisture-deficit systems in complementary evolutionary
pathways in responding to imposed anomalies. As a result, we witness an
emergence of coupling-aridity tradeoff with temperate climates operating
as least efficient systems for unit SM to ET anomaly transfer. Physical
basis, and transferability across space and scale makes this theory a
potential benchmark for process improvement in the climate and earth
system models.
The Great Reset – a key for transformation of Bulgarian agriculture
Authors:   Agricultural University – Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Guerov George
Published: November 2023

This scientific article explores the potential of The Great Reset initiative to revive Bulgarian agriculture by proposing a transformative approach to address the critical challenges faced by the sector. The paper employs a logical sequence of analysis and argumentation beginning with a literature review on The Great Reset and its potential impact on the sector. The analysis highlights the pressing need for a structural reform in Bulgarian agriculture. The paper proposes a reframing process to address these challenges through The Great Reset framework, drawing on insights and findings to develop specific recommendations for policymakers, farmers, and other stakeholders. The results section of the paper highlights the potential impact of The Initiative on the transformation of Bulgarian agriculture. The discussion section analyzes the positive and negative correlation between The Great Reset policies and the transformation of Bulgarian agriculture. The paper concludes that The Great Reset is not only desirable, but could also be a necessary catalyst for the transformation of Bulgarian agriculture. The conclusion section provides practical guidance for stakeholders seeking to embrace a divergent vision for the sector. This scientific article offers a convincing case for why The Great Reset initiative can be crucial for the transformation of Bulgarian agriculture. It underscores the importance of a holistic, collaborative, and forward-looking approach that can help unlock the potential of Bulgarian agriculture and position it for long-term sustainability and growth. As such, it contributes to the ongoing debates about the future of agriculture in Bulgaria and offers action oriented recommendations. Keywords: Great Reset, agriculture, Bulgaria
Ciudadanía y usos políticos de las plataformas digitales. La incidencia de los factores sociodemográficos
Authors: Alonso-Muñoz Laura , López-Meri Amparo , Pepe-Oliva Romina
Published: November 2023

El uso de las redes sociales y los servicios de mensajería instantánea móvil (SMIM) está aumentando entre los ciudadanos. Según datos de 2023, los usuarios de plataformas digitales superaron los 4.300 millones en el mundo, siendo Facebook, YouTube y WhatsApp las más empleadas. Su uso ha cambiado las formas de comunicación actuales, ampliando el número de canales para compartir contenidos. El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer el uso que la ciudadanía hace tanto de las redes sociales como de los SMIM en la participación social y política. Para ello, se ha realizado una encuesta online a 1.202 personas residentes en España. La muestra se ha estratificado según cuatro variables sociodemográficas: género, edad, nivel educativo e ingresos de los participantes. Los resultados permiten identificar diferencias significativas en los usos políticos y sociales que hacen los ciudadanos a través de las redes sociales y SMIM, especialmente en relación con el género, la edad y el nivel educativo de los encuestados.
Tinjauan Sosiologi Hukum Penerapan Sanksi Pelaku Pelanggaran Penanganan Covid-19 di Kota Makassar
Authors: Faradillah Nurafni , Istiqamah  , Safriani Andi
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui, pertama bagaimanakah penerapan sanksi bagi masyarakat yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan perundang-undangan tentang peraturan walikota Makassar dalam penanganan wabah Covid 19 di Makassar. Kedua, sejauh manakah dampak yang ditimbulkan dari implementasi ketentuan perundang-undangan dalam penanganan wabah Covid 19 ditinjau dari segi sosiologi hukum. Penelitian ini  merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode Socio Legal Approach.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sanksi bagi masyarakat yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap peraturan-peraturan walikota Makassar dalam penanganan wabah Covid 19 yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah Kota Makassar hampir sepenuhnya telah berjalan dengan efektif, dibuktikan dengan pelaksanaan operasi yustisi oleh aparat gabungan TNI-POLRI di mana setiap pelanggar protokol kesehatan langsung diberikan sanksi di tempat kejadian baik itu sanksi sosial, sanksi denda, maupun sanksi administrasi.
Analisis Hukum Terhadap Eksistensi Sanksi A’massa Pada Delik Pidana Adat di Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Jannah Raodatul , Radjab Syamsuddin , Pababbari Bariek Ramdhani
Published: November 2023

Masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana eksistensi Sanksi A’Massa sebagai delik pidana adat di kabupaten Gowa. bagaimana Eksistensi sanksi adat A’Massa pada delik pidana di Kabupaten Gowa(studi kasusu Kecamatan Tompobulu), bagaimana penerapan sanksi adat A’Massa pada delik pidana di tinjau berdasarkan hukum pidana adat. Jenis penelitian yaitu jenis penelitian hukum empiris, Ditemukan Eksistensi sanksi adat A’Massa masih diakui keberadaanya oleh masyarakat di kabupaten Gowa kususnya kecamatan Tompobulu,sanksi adat A’Massa ini merupakan perwujudan hukum pidana adat yang penerapanya terbukti dapat menekan angka kejahatan demikian Sanksi adat A’Massa ini jika di pandang dari hukum pidana Umum KUHP tetap saja melanggar dan di anggap sebagai perbuatan main hakim sendiri,Hukum Adat A’Massa dan KUHP merupakan dua hal belum ada titik temu, karna sanksi A’Massa ini masih di praktekkan namun di sisi lain KUHP atau hukum positif melarang karna di anggap perbuatan main hakim sendiri.
Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Makanan dan Minuman yang Tidak Berlabel Halal di Kota Makassar
Authors: Imran Ali , Nurjannah St. , Amiruddin Muh.
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Bagaimana ketentuan hukum bagi produk makanan dan minuman yang tidak berlabel halal di kota Makassar dan Bagaimana bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen atas produk makanan dan minuman yang tidak berlabel halal di kota Makassar Jenis penelitian ini tergolong penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah sosiologis, yuridis dan komporatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian yaitu: 1) ketentuan hukum bagi produk makanan dan minuman yang tidak berlabel halal di kota Makassar yaitu sesuai yang telah ditetapkan undang-undang perlindungan konsumen, jaminan produk halal. 2) bentuk perlindungan hukum atas peredaran makanan dan minuman yang tidak berlabel halal di kota Makassar yaitu dengan cara penerbitan sertifikat halal, dan membuat undang-undang tentang jaminan produk halal.Implikasi dari penelitian ini dapat dijadikan referensi atau masukan bagi pemerintah dan masyarakat yang terkait dengan masalah penegakan hukum terhadap peredaran makanan dan minuman tampa label halal dan diharak peraturan berjalan sesuai yang diharapkan.
Penerapan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum yang Adil Bagi Konsumen
Authors: Asrul Aswar  , Willem Resdianto
Published: November 2023

Undang-Undang Perlindungan konsumen diharapkan dapat mewujudkan perlindungan konsumen berarti mewujudkan berbagai dimensi yang satu sama lain mempunyai keterkaitan dan saling ketergantungan antara konsumen, pengusaha, dan pemerintah, dimana pada satu pihak mempunyai manfaat bagi konsumen namun disisi lain dapat mengakibatkan kedudukan pelaku usaha dan konsumen menjadi tidak seimbang dan konsumen berada pada posisi yang lemah. Pentingnya perlindungan konsumen dan pengusaha terhadap iklim ekonomi yang kondusif. Dari munculnya masalah yang sering dihadapi oleh konsumen, perlu adanya sebuah peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang perlindungan konsumen dan perilaku produsen dalam melakukan transaksi. Dalam hal ini Undang-undang hukum positif yang mengatur tentang konsumen dan produsen terdapat dalam UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang perlindungan konsumen.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Terhadap Penjualan Skin Care Yang Tidak Memiliki Izin Resmi Di Media Sosial
Authors: Zakiah  , Ribi Hikmawati
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana bentuk perlindungan konsumen terhadap penjualan skin care yang tidak memiliki izin resmi di media sosial dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen dalam hal pengawasan penindakan terhadap izin resmi skincare. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) serta pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif yuirids. Adapun sumber data penelitiann ini adalah sumber data primer, sekunder dan tersier melalui perundang-undangan, buku-buku,jurnal dan putusan. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara mengadakan identifikasi dan klasifikasi terhadap data yang ada dan menyusun secara sistematis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen terhadap penjualan skin care yang tidak memiliki izin resmi di media sosial, diatur dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan seperti Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen.
Problematika Pemberian Diskresi dan Impunitas kepada Pemerintah Terkait Kebijakan Keuangan Negara dalam Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Saharuddin  , Asmar Abd. Rais , Natsif Fadli Andi
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes the use of discretion and impunity in the management of state finances during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that regulation No. 1 of 2020 which became law No. 2 of 2020 is contrary to the principle of the rule of law because it abolishes criminal and civil sanctions for officials who harm the state. This has implications for the state budget. Normative research with data collection from library sources was used in this study. Overall, this study concludes that discretion and impunity in the management of state finances during the COVID-19 pandemic are contrary to the principles of the rule of law and have an impact on the state budget.
Proving of Predicate Crimes in Cases of Money Laundering Crimes
Authors: Muchtar Musdayanti , Asis Abd. , Muin Audyna Mayasari
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the application of law in UURI No. 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering Crimes in proving predicate crimes. The research was carried out using normative juridical research methods using statutory and case approaches. The results of the study show that in the application of Article 69 to the crime of money laundering in the decision, namely Decision Number 43/Pid.Sus/2017/PN.Bir with the defendant Murtala Ilyas Bin Ilyas, has used Article 69 because there was no previous decision related to the predicate crime. As for some of the obstacles experienced in the application of Article 69, namely the potential for the accused to be free from legal bondage, the lack of certain facilities and amenities, and the potential for violating the principle of the presumption of innocence.
Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi Menangani Perkara Pengaduan Konstitusional Melalui Penafsiran Konstitusi
Authors: Idris Munawara , Bachri Syamsul , Naswar
Published: November 2023

Constitutional complaints aim to improve checks and build a good and clean government. The Constitutional Court often rejects constitutional complaints that come in on the basis of a lack of authority. However, the Constitutional Court sometimes accepts constitutional lawsuits and even grants these requests using interpretation according to the power of The Sole Interpreter of the Constitution. Therefore, the problem raised is how the interpretation is carried out by the Constitutional Court so that it can accept a constitutional lawsuit without making changes to the constitution. This study uses normative research methods with statutory, conceptual, historical, and comparative approaches. The results of this research show that through the Judicial Review window, the Constitutional Court can resolve cases of constitutional complaints using the interpretation of indicator analogies. Because the Constitutional Court may not reject a case submitted to it on the basis of the Ius Curia Novit principle.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen dalam Perjanjian Parkir yang Mengandung Klausula Eksonerasi
Authors: Muthmainnah Alifiah , Asmar Abd. Rais
Published: November 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap pertanggungjawaban pengelola parkir yang mencantumkan klausula eksonerasi dan upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh konsumen parkir terkait pelanggaran klausula tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Library Research (Penelitian Hukum Normatif) dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Data diperoleh melalui riset pustaka dari berbagai sumber, seperti buku, pendapat ahli hukum, koran, majalah, dan artikel terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelola parkir harus tetap bertanggungjawab atas hilangnya barang/kendaraan yang diparkir di tempatnya, tidak dapat mengacu pada klausula eksonerasi. Pengelola parkir diwajibkan menyesuaikan klausula baku agar sejalan dengan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, dan tidak boleh melepaskan tanggung jawab secara mutlak. Jika konsumen mengalami kerusakan atau kehilangan barang/kendaraan di tempat parkir yang menggunakan klausula eksonerasi, konsumen dapat melakukan tuntutan ganti rugi. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan melibatkan penyelesaian di luar pengadilan (non litigasi) atau melalui pengadilan (litigasi).
Pengecualian Prinsip Non Retroaktif pada Hukum Formil: Pelanggaran atau Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia?
Authors: Zashkia Nurul
Published: November 2023

Hak untuk tidak dituntut atas dasar hukum yang berlaku surut atau prinsip non retroaktif merupakan hak konstitusional. Namun, penerapannya pada hukum formil di putusan praperadilan setelah penambahan penetapan tersangka sebagai objek praperadilan melalui Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014 menyebabkan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia atas kepastian hukum yang adil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip non retroaktif di berbagai putusan praperadilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 069/PUU-II/2004 telah memberikan tafsir konstitusional mengenai penerapan prinsip non retroaktif hanya berlaku untuk hukum materiil meliputi pemidanaan dan pemberatan namun tidak berlaku pada hukum formil sehingga Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014 yang berisi penambahan objek praperadilan seharusnya dapat berlaku surut. Putusan praperadilan yang bertentangan dengan tafsir tersebut bertentangan dengan tujuan kepastian hukum yang adil, menyebabkan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, dan terjadinya vandalisme tatanan hukum.
Development of an Android Educational Game Magic Square -Megaforce Assisted to Improve Students' Creative Thinking Skills
Authors: Fatahillah Arif , Wicaksono Arif , Hussen Saddam , Setiawani Susi , Murtikusuma Randi Pratama
Published: November 2023

Abstract:The development of educational games is very relevant to learning activities in schools today. This research developed the Android educational game Magic Square – Megaforce to be valid, practical, and effective in improving students' creative thinking skills. This research is a development research with a 4-D model. The validity of educational games reached a high category with a correlation coefficient value of 0.95. This educational game is also declared practical with an average learning implementation of 100%. The effectiveness of this educational game was assessed based on classical learning completeness of 85.7%, student learning activities of 80%, and student response questionnaires of 85.5%, all of which were in the Good category. Educational game design can still be refined for further research so that it is more varied.Abstrak:Pengembangan game edukasi sangat relevan dengan kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah saat ini. Penelitian ini mengembangkan game edukasi Android Magic Square – Megaforce hingga valid, praktis, dan efektif meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4-D. Validitas game edukasi mencapai kategori tinggi dengan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,95. Game edukasi ini juga dinyatakan praktis dengan rata-rata keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 100%. Efektifitas game edukasi ini dinilai berdasarkan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 85,7%, aktivitas belajar siswa sebesar 80% dan angket respon siswa sebesar 85,5% yang semuanya berada pada kategori Baik. Desain game edukasi masih dapat disempurnakan untuk penelitian selanjutnya sehingga lebih variatif.