bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turbidity Characteristics of The Waters on The Padelegan Beach, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency, East Java
Authors: Jayanthi Onie Wiwid , Kartika Ary Giri Dwi , Wicaksono Ashari , Hariyanti Amalia , Putri Dwi Syadina , Rahmadani Putri Ayu
Published: December 2022

Padelegan Beach is one of the beaches used for tourism and seaweed cultivation activities, which is located in Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency. The distribution of water turbidity plays an important role in the success of seaweed cultivation activities and salt ponds along the Jumiang coast. The purpose of this research is to know the condition of turbidities distribution in Jumiang waters. The sampling method used the purposive sampling method with the location of nine sampling stations. The location of the turbidity measurement is based on thereare near the coast (points 1, 2, 3), beaches (points 4, 5, 6), and the high seas (7, 8, 9). Turbidity was measured using the Lutron TU-2016 Turbidity Meter. The results show that the turbidity distribution at station points near the coast is higher in value than at high sea station points. The highest turbidity value is 29,82 NTU in the coastal area, while the lowest is 4,35 NTU the offshore. The turbidity value in Jumiang coastal waters shows a value below the threshold for turbidity that is intended for cultivation activities.Keywords: characteristics, turbidity, The Padelegan Beach
Are Semiquantitative Methods Superior to Deauville Scoring in Monitoring Therapy Response of Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Authors: Ibrahim Firuz , Gabelloni Michela , Faggioni Lorenzo , Padma Subramanyam , Visakh Arun R. , Cioni Dania , Neri Emanuele
Published: December 2022

Tailoring treatment in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is paramount to maximize outcomes while avoiding unnecessary toxicity. We aimed to compare the performance of SUVmax reduction (ΔSUVmax%) versus Deauville score (DS) in assessing chemotherapy response in pediatric HL patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET-CT. Fifty-two patients with biopsy-proven HL (age 8-16 years) were enrolled at baseline, interim (after the 2nd or 3rd chemotherapy round), and post-therapy (upon completion of first-line chemotherapy) 18F-FDG PET-CT. Interim and post-therapy DS and ΔSUVmax% were compared as response predictors. Patients were classified as responders and non-responders based on 24-month clinical follow-up. Interim DS showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of 100%, 80.4%, 100%, 40% and 82.7%, respectively in predicting response. Post-therapy DS showed a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 66.7%, 97.8%, 95.7%, 80% and 94.2%. Interim ΔSUVmax% showed a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 83.3%, 82.6%, 97.4%, 38.5% and 82.7%, with a 56.3% cutoff. Post-therapy ΔSUVmax% showed a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 83.3%, 84.8%, 97.5%, 41.7% and 84.6%, with a 76.8% cutoff. Sensitivity, specificity (p<0.05) and NPV (p<0.01) were significantly higher using DS than ΔSUVmax%. In conclusion, DS can predict chemotherapy response better than ΔSUVmax% in pediatric HL patients.
Genetic Parameters of Growth Traits and Quantitative Genetic Metrics for Selection and Conservation of Mecheri Sheep of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Balasundaram B. , Thiruvenkadan A.K. , Murali N. , Muralidharan J. , Cauveri D. , Peters Sunday O.
Published: December 2022

Determining genetic and non-genetic sources of variation in a breed is vital for the formulation of strategies for its conservation and improvement. The present study was aimed at estimating the (co)variance components and genetic parameters of Mecheri sheep by fitting six different animal models in the restricted maximum likelihood method, with a preliminary investigation on the performance of animals for non-genetic sources of variation. A total of 2616 lambs were studied, and varying levels of significance were found for the effect of period, season, parity of dam and birth type on different body weight traits. Direct heritability estimates derived from the best animal model for body weight at birth, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months were 0.21, 0.24, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.09, respectively, and maternal heritabilities of the corresponding traits were 0.12, 0.05, 0.04, 0.04 and 0.04, respectively. The genetic correlations between body weight traits were all positive and moderate to strong except for birth weight with the other body weight traits. The significance of non-genetic factors studied in this work demanded a correction to improve the accuracy of the direct selection of lambs for body weight traits. The estimated genetic parameters identified the weaning weight as a selection criterion for the improvement in body weight of Mecheri lambs at different ages. Inbred individuals accounted for approximately 13% of the total population in the Mecheri sheep population studied. There were 877 founders in the population, and the actual effective size of the population was 128.48. The population's mean generation interval was 3.26. The mean inbreeding values ranged from 0.005 to 0.010 across generations. The population's average relatedness ranged from 0.001 to 0.014 across generations. Individual inbreeding was found to be 0.45 per cent for the entire population and 3.4 per cent for the inbred population.
Impact of Fresh and Fermented Olive Solid Waste and Cow Manure in Wheat Content of Fertility Elements (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium) and on Its Productivity
Authors: Jaafar Abd Al Karim , Al Balkhi Akram
Published: December 2022

A field experiment was conducted on the farm of Abi Jarash in Agricultural Collage, different rates of olive solid waste and cow manure were used, as follows: (control, fresh olive solid waste 100%, fresh olive solid waste 75%+ cow manure 25%, fresh olive solid waste 50%+ cow manure 50%, fresh olive solid waste 25+ cow manure 75%, Fermented Olive Solid Waste 100%, Fermented olive solid waste 75%+ cow manure 25%, Fermented olive solid waste 50%+ cow manure 50%, Fermented olive solid waste 25+ cow manure 75%), wheat was seeded. The impact of fresh and fermented olive solid waste and cow manure on some chemical and fertility soil properties was studied. the olive solid waste treatment 100% which added had more effect on the organic matter, exchange capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil, plant and productivity, after that the fermented olive solid waste 75% + cow manure, fresh olive solid waste 100% comparing with the control, the values of organic matter were (25% 2.73, 2.39) and the cation exchange capacity (21.76, 20.44, 19.38) and for phosphorus (303.3, 277.8, 171.8) mg / kg, while the values of potassium ​​were (303.3, 277.8, 171.8) mg / kg. In terms of plant content, the plant content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were the same as for grains (2.784, 2.606, 2.126), (0.4535, 0.4226, 0.2753), (1.876, 1.762, 1.234) respectively, (0.2875, 0.2016) respectively for the same previous treatments and elements. olive solid waste 100% was the highest productivity comparing with the other treatments, where the productivity of wheat was (9.513) ton. ha-1.
How Did Poor Sleep Quality and Working from Home Influence the Prevalence of Leisure‑time Physical Inactivity During the Covid-19 Pandemic? COVID‑Inconfidentes
Authors: Moura Samara Silva de , Menezes-Júnior Luiz Antônio Alves de , Carraro Julia Cristina Cardoso , Machado-Coelho George Luiz Lins , Meireles Adriana Lúcia
Published: December 2022

To examine the association of sleep quality and work from home with physical inactivity (PI) in leisure time during Covid-19 pandemic. A population-based household survey was conducted in two Bra-zilian municipalities from October to December 2020. Leisure-time physical activity (PA) was self-reported, and individuals who practiced less than 150 minutes of moderate PA or 75 minutes of vigorous PA weekly were classified as PI. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). WFH was assessed by: "Currently, how is your work routine regarding location? Associations were investigated using logistic regression and directed acyclic graphs (DAG) for the multivariate models. A total of 1,750 adults were interviewed, 69.1% were PI and 51.9% had poor sleep quality. Furthermore, 79.8% were not in WFH. In multivariate analysis, leisure PI was associated with poor sleep quality (OR:1.59: 95% CI: 1.02-2.48), and not being in WFH (OR:1.62: 95% CI: 1.05-2.50). When performing the combined analysis between these two factors, and who were not in WFH were four times more likely to be PI at leisure (OR=4.22;95%CI:2.05-8.65). The results indicate a high prevalence of PI, with poor quality sleep and non-WFH associated with leisure PI. These combined factors exacer-bated the occurrence of PI.
Prevalence and Correlates of Stunting among Children Aged 6-23 Months from Poor Households in Rwanda.
Authors: Habimana Jean de Dieu , Uwase Aline , Korukire Noel , Jewwet Sara , Umugwaneza Maryse , Rugema Lawrence , Munyanshongore Cyprien
Published: December 2022

We assessed the prevalence and correlates of stunting among children aged 6-23 months from poor households in Rwanda. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 817 mother-child dyads living in poor households from five districts with a high prevalence of stunting. We used descriptive statistics to determine the prevalence of stunting, bivariate analysis, and a multivariate logistic re-gression model to measure the strength of the Association between childhood stunting and exposure variables. Stunting was at 34.1%. Children aged 19-23 months (AOR = 4.410, 95% CI: [1.911-10.173], p-value=0.01), children aged 13-18 months (AOR=2.788, 95% CI: [1.302-5.968], p-value=0.08), children from households that do not have a vegetable garden (AOR=2.165, 95% CI: [1.201-3.905], p-value<0.01) were more likely to be stunted. On the other hand, children whose mothers were not exposed to physical violence (AOR= 0.145, 95% CI: [0.074-0.287], p-value<0.001), children whose fathers were working (AOR=0.036, 95% CI: [0.005-0.242], p-value=0.001), children whose both parents were working (AOR=0.208, 95% CI: [0.051-0.851], p-value=0.029) and children whose mothers had good hand-washing practice (AOR=0.181, 95% CI: [0.091-0.362], p-value<0.001) were less likely to be stunted. Our findings underscore the importance of integrating the promotion of hand-washing practices, owning vegetable gardens, and intimate partner violence prevention in the interventions to fight stunting.
Antibiotic Stewardship in Nonoperative Management of Perforated Appendicitis: Oral Antibiotics Are an Alternative
Authors: Galvis Alvaro Eduardo , Bucayu Robert , John Rebecca , Guner MD Yigit , Arrieta Antonio C. , Nieves Delma J.
Published: December 2022

The standard of care for nonoperative appendicitis patients involves ongoing antibiotic therapy. Yet, there is variability regarding the decision to continue outpatient parenteral antibiotic treatment (OPAT) or transition to oral (PO) antibiotics. Methods: In our single-center retrospective study, we reviewed 46 pediatric patients who underwent nonoperative management of perforated appendicitis with Interventional Radiology (IR) percutaneous drainage. We reviewed age, ethnicity, hospitalization length, antibiotic choice, route and duration, and culture data. Results. Thirty-eight [83%] patients went home on OPAT, 6[13%] on PO, and 2[4%] completed therapy while inpatient. Based on culture susceptibilities of the 38 OPAT patients, 29[76%] had oral antibiotics as an option. The three most common organisms in those sent home on OPAT included Enterococcus faecalis (38 [100%]), Bacteroides spp (33 [87%]) and Escherichia coli (27 [71%]). All patients who grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa had an oral antibiotic as a treatment option; similarly with 93% (25/27) of E. coli, 81% (13/16) of α-hemolytic Streptococcus spp, and 76% (29/38) of Enterococcus faecalis.  Conclusions:  Nearly 80% of patients sent home on OPAT had PO antibiotic regimens options based on the culture susceptibility profiles. This data indicates that using cultures and susceptibility data can help guide antibiotic management, significantly reducing PICC line placement and likely reduce healthcare costs and complications associated with central lines.
Robots with Quantum Minds: From the Psychology of Fiction to the Physical Roots of Biology
Authors: Hoorn Johan F.
Published: December 2022

In this discussion paper, I give an account for non-experts of, arguably, quantum dynamics in the brain, underlying the modeling of affective behavior of humanoid robots in the making. Outreach to the larger audience inevitably leads to abbreviations and simplifications; nonetheless, I try to offer the backgrounds of why it is important to study the virtual aspects of ‘people’ we meet online, what dimensions play a role in assessing such creatures, what humanities, psychology, communication, and computer science provide to help us understand how we become attached to non-existent others. As its capstone for the time being, an approach derived from physics is discussed for a robot to handle emotional ambiguity and vagueness of its user. Two computational models, Silicon and Quantum Coppélia, are discussed for their potential and limitations in explaining human affective behavior while dealing with mediated characters.
Gelatin and Bioactive Glass Composites for Tissue Engineering: A Review
Authors: Barreto Maria E. V. , Medeiros Rebeca P. , Shearer Adam , Fook Marcus V. L. , Montazerian Maziar , Mauro John C.
Published: December 2022

Nano/micron-sized bioactive glass (BG) particles are attractive candidates for both soft and hard tissue engineering. They can chemically bond to the host tissues, enhance new tissue formation, activate cell proliferation, stimulate the genetic expression of proteins, and trigger unique an-ti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer functionalities. Recently, composites based on bi-opolymers and BG particles have been developed with various state-of-the-art techniques for tis-sue engineering. Gelatin, a semi-synthetic biopolymer, has attracted the attention of researchers because it is derived from the most abundant protein in the body, viz., collagen. It is a polymer that can be dissolved in water and processed to acquire different configurations, such as hydro-gels, fibers, films, scaffolds, etc. Searching "bioactive glass gelatin" in the tile on Scopus renders 80 highly relevant articles published in the last ~10 years, which signifies the importance of such composites. First, this review addresses the basic concepts of soft and hard tissue engineering, in-cluding the healing mechanisms and limitations ahead. Then, current knowledge on gelatin/BG composites including composition, processing and properties is summarized and discussed both for soft and hard tissue applications. This review explores physical, chemical and mechanical features and ion-release effects of such composites concerning osteogenic and angiogenic respons-es in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, recent developments of BG/gelatin composites using 3D/4D printing for tissue engineering are presented. Finally, the perspectives and current challenges in developing desirable composites for the regeneration of different tissues are outlined.
Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding
Authors: Zhao Dawei , Vdonin Nikita , Bezgans Yuriy , Radionova Liudmila , Glebov Lev
Published: December 2022

Electrode degradation in continuous resistance spot welding of BH 220 steel was evaluated by electrode life test, and weldability tests were conducted by measuring the geometric features, mechanical property analysis, and measuring electrode diameter with 88 or 176 weld intervals. The analysis of weld geometries shows that the HAZ width, nugget diameter, and nugget area tend to decrease rapidly, while the nugget height tends to firstly increase with the weld repetitions till the welding heat input becomes too small to form the valid nugget. The peak load showed a rapid downward trend, while failure energy and maximum displacement slightly increases till the 176th weld and then decreases. The cavities and pores in the nugget mainly appeared after the 176th spot weld. The electrode diameter increases during welding. The reason for the increase in electrode diameter may be that the contact area between the electrode and BH 220 steel sheets becomes smaller in the welding process, which causes the continuous sticking phenomenon between the electrode and the BH 220 steel sheets. In the absence of alloying, the edge of the electrode is geometrically deformed due to the deformation of the electrode, while Cu-Zn-Fe alloying occurs in the area in contact with the BH 220 steel sheet.
RESONANCE ACTIVE ELECTRIC POWER AMPLIFIER OF PERIODIC CURRENT PULSES
Authors: Batygin Yuriy , Yeryomina Olena , Shinderuk Svitlana , Chaplygin Evgeniy
Published: December 2022

An equivalent circuit is proposed and the viability of a resonant amplifier of the average active electric power of periodic current pulses generated in the load is theoretically substantiated. The amplifier consists of two series active-reactive circuits with a common capacitive energy storage. In the primary circuit, in the voltage resonance mode, it is charged, and the charging voltage exceeds the source voltage by a factor equal to the quality factor of the circuit. At the end of the charge to a predetermined energy level, the capacitance is discharged through the inductance to the active load. The periodicity of the charge and discharge is ensured by the coordinated operation of the switches in the circuit circuits with a given frequency of their synchronous switching. In principle, the proposed amplifier of active electric power consists of a reactive power amplifier (charging circuit) and a reactive power converter into active power of the generated current (dis-charge circuit). The obtained analytical relationships allow one to navigate in the magnitude of the charging voltage on the capacitance, which can be obtained depending on the charge time. Thus, the maximum voltage set by the quality factor of the charging circuit adopted for numerical evaluations requires charging for ~ 0.004 s. However, already 50% of the maximum voltage is reached in a much shorter time ~ 0.0005 s (almost an order of magnitude lower than the charge length to the maximum). The expressions found for the characteristics of the processes in the discharge circuit make it possible to select its parameters in such a way as to provide the highest gain coefficient for the average power of a periodic sequence of current pulses generated in the active load of the amplifier. It is shown that the value of the average electrical power in the load should depend on the ratio of the charge and discharge times, since when the capacitive storage is being charged, the current in the load is zero. It was found that the gain value can exceed the corresponding energy indicator of the power source by an order of magnitude.
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair with and without Acromioplasty in the Treatment of Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Woodmass Jarret M. , Al Khatib Loiy , McRae Sheila , Lapner Peter , Mascarenhas Randy , Neogi Devdatt , MacDonald Peter B.
Published: December 2022

Background:

The aim of this study was to reevaluate patients from a previous randomized controlled trial at a long-term follow-up to determine the long-term efficacy of subacromial decompression in patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears.

Methods:

This is a secondary study based on a previous, multicenter, randomized controlled trial with patients allocated to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with or without acromioplasty. The original study was conducted between 2003 and 2011, and the secondary study was conducted between 2015 and 2021. Patients were invited by a blinded assessor to return to complete the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) index and a questionnaire about reoperation and to undergo a clinical assessment. If participants were unable to return, they were asked to complete the questionnaires by mail. A chart review on all participants in the original study was conducted.

Results:

Eighty-six patients were randomized in the original trial, with 31 of 45 from the group without acromioplasty and 25 of 41 from the acromioplasty group returning for long-term follow-up. The mean duration (and standard deviation) of follow-up was 11.2 ± 2.4 years for the group without acromioplasty and 11.5 ± 2.6 years for the acromioplasty group. There was no significant difference in WORC scores between the groups with and without acromioplasty at the time of the long-term follow-up (p = 0.30). Seven (16%) of the 45 patients in the group without acromioplasty underwent reoperation. One (2%) of the initial 41 patients allocated to acromioplasty underwent reoperation. All patients who underwent a reoperation had a Type-2 or 3 acromion.

Conclusions:

Patients who underwent rotator cuff repair with or without acromioplasty experienced improvement of outcomes from their preoperative level at a long-term follow-up (mean, 11 years), and there were no differences in patient-reported outcomes, specifically WORC scores, between these groups. However, a significantly higher reoperation rate was observed in patients who had rotator cuff repair without acromioplasty, specifically in those with a Type-2 or 3 acromion.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Genesis Mechanism of Deep Carbonate Reservoir in Jizhong Depression
Authors: Miao Qingzhuang , Wang Guiling , Qi Shihua , Xing Linxiao , Xin Hailiang , Zhou Xiaoni
Published: December 2022

The occurrence condition of geothermal resources in Jizhong depression is good for development, but the thermal genetic mechanism of thermal reservoir has been lack of systematic and theoretical research, which leads to large number of failure cases in the process of geothermal well location. In this paper, the thermal genetic mechanism of thermal reservoir in Jizhong depression is explored in the aspects of heat source, heat source channel, and thermophysical structure by means of core thermophysical property test, magnetotelluric sounding, and natural seismic P wave velocity imaging. According to the study, the heat of deep carbonate reservoir in Jizhong depression mainly comes from the deep mantle. Heat from the mantle enters deep thermal reservoir in the form of thermal conduction and thermal convection which flows through deep faults such as Niudong-Hexiwu fault. Cenozoic sandstone and mudstone caprock whose thermal conductivities are low is more than 1000 meters, which is favorable for heat storage. In comparison, the thermal conductivity of deep carbonate thermal reservoir is much higher than that of sandstone and mudstone. Therefore, differences in thermal conductivity and thermal convection from deep faults are the reasons why the heat reservoir temperature in the uplift area is higher than that in the subdepression area at the same depth.
A Hybrid Capuchin Search Algorithm with Gradient Search Algorithm for Economic Dispatch Problem
Authors: Braik Malik Shehadeh , Awadallah Mohammad , Al-Betar Mohammed~Azmi , Hammouri Abdelaziz
Published: December 2022

Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is an important task in power systems that is concerned with scheduling a set of thermal generating units to produce specific power at low consumption costs. In this task, there are some operational constraints related to power demand, power output, valve-point loading effect, transmission losses, prohibited operating zones, and ramp-rate limits. ELD is drafted as a non-linear, non-convex, and highly constrained optimization problem with a large number of local minima. Due to the complex and rugged search space of this problem, it has been tackled by many meta-heuristic algorithms. To cope with the above issues of this problem, we presented a novel Improved based Hybrid Capuchin Search Algorithm (IHCSA). First, a memory element was added to CSA to consolidate its position and velocity updating mechanisms in order to exploit the most encouraging candidate solutions. Second, two adaptive functions rather than stationary social and cognitive parameters were used to manage and adequately balance exploration and exploitation of features over the iterations path. Finally, the hybridization was carried out using Gradient Search Algorithm (GBO) and Local Escaping Capability (LEO) to strengthen the intensification ability of CSA and balance its search capabilities to fulfill robust search performance. The proficiency of IHCSA was divulged by assessing it on a computationally difficult ELD problem under 6 different tests with different numbers of generators and loading conditions. The proposed IHCSA provided the best performance, in terms of the minimum cost, among the basic CSA and other optimization methods.
SIRPα Blockade Improves the Antitumor Immunity of Radiotherapy in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tao Zhen , Ji Kai , Zhang Yuhan , Jiang Shengpeng , Sun Lin , Zhang Baozhong , Hu Dongzhi , Wang Jun , Zhao Lujun , Wang Ping
Published: December 2022

High-dose hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) is an important anticancer treatment modality that activates antitumor host immune responses. However, HRT for oligometastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) has shown frustrating results in the clinic. As part of immune evasion, myeloid cells express signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) to inhibit phagocytosis by phagocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We postulated that SIRPα blockade enhances HRT by alleviating the inhibitory action of SIRPα on phagocytes. We demonstrated that SIRPα on myeloid cells was upregulated in the TME after HRT. When SIRPα blockade was administered with HRT, we observed superior antitumor responses compared with anti-SIRPα or HRT alone. When anti-SIRPα was administered to local HRT, the TME could become a tumoricidal niche that was heavily infiltrated by activated CD8+ T cells, but with limited myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Whereas CD8+ T cells were required for the effectiveness of the anti-SIRPα + HRT combination. The triple therapy with anti-SIRPα + HRT + anti-PD-1 had superior antitumor responses compared with the combination of any two therapies and established a strong and long-lasting adaptive immunological memory. Collectively, SIRPα blockade provides a novel way to overcome HRT resistance in oligometastatic CRC patients. Our results herein provide a valuable cancer treatment strategy that has the potential to be translated into clinical practice.
Exercise in adults admitted to hospital with diabetes-related foot ulcers: a pilot study of feasibility and safety
Authors: Aitken Emily Kate , Hiew Jonathan , Hamilton Emma , Manning Laurens , Ritter Jens Carsten , Raby Edward , Gittings Paul
Published: December 2022

Background:
Diabetes-related foot ulcers result in significant mortality, morbidity and economic costs. Pressure offloading is important for ulcer healing, but patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers are presented with a dilemma, because whilst they are often advised to minimise standing and walking, there are also clear guidelines which encourage regular, sustained exercise for patients with diabetes. To overcome these apparently conflicting recommendations, we explored the feasibility, acceptability and safety of a tailored exercise program for adults admitted to hospital with diabetes-related foot ulcers.
Methods:
Patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers were recruited from an inpatient hospital setting. Baseline demographics and ulcer characteristics were collected, and participants undertook a supervised exercise training session comprising aerobic and resistance exercises followed by prescription of a home exercise programme. Exercises were tailored to ulcer location, which complied with podiatric recommendations for pressure offloading. Feasibility and safety were assessed via recruitment rate, retention rate, adherence to inpatient and outpatient follow up, adherence to home exercise completion, and recording of adverse events.
Results:
Twenty participants were recruited to the study. The retention rate (95%), adherence to inpatient and outpatient follow up (75%) and adherence to home exercise (50.0%) were all acceptable. No adverse events occurred.
Conclusions:
Targeted exercise appears safe to be undertaken by patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers during and after an acute hospital admission. Recruitment in this cohort may prove challenging, but adherence, retention and satisfaction with participation in exercise were high.
Trial registration:
The trial is registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622001370796).
Abnormal functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens subregions mediates the association between anhedonia and major depressive disorder
Authors: Hu Yanqin , Zhao Chaoqi , Zhao Houfeng , Qiao Juan
Published: December 2022

Background: The nucleus accumbens (Nac) is a crucial brain region in the pathophysiology of MDD patients with anhedonia. However, the relationship between functional imaging characteristics of Nac subregions and anhedonia remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of functional connectivity of the Nac subregions between MDD and anhedonia.
Methods: We conducted resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of Nac subregions in 55 MDD patients and 30 healthy controls (HC). A two-sample t-test was performed to obtain the different brain regions with Nac subregions between groups respectively. Then correlation analyses were carried out to investigate the relationships between the aberrant rsFC of Nac subregions and the severity of anhedonia. Furthermore, we constructed a mediation model to explain the role of the aberrant rsFC of Nac subregions between MDD and the severity of anhedonia.
Results: The results show that decreased rsFC of Nac subregions with regions of the prefrontal cortex, insula, lingual, and visual association cortex in MDD patients compared with the HC group. In the MDD group, the rsFC of the right Nac shell-like subregions with middle frontal gyrus (MFG)/superior frontal gyrus (SFG) was correlated with consummatory anhedonia; and the rsFC of the Nac core-like subdivisions with inferior frontal gyrus/insula and lingual/visual association cortex was correlated with anticipatory anhedonia. More importantly, the functional alterations of the Nac subregions mediated the association between anhedonia and depression.
Conclusions: The present findings suggest the functional alteration of the Nac subregions mediates the association between MDD and anhedonia, which provides evidence for the hypothesis that MDD has different neurobiological underpinnings of reward systems from HC.
Effects of probiotic and yeast extract supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and growth in weaning Saanen kids
Authors: Kazemi Sajjad , Hajimohammadi Ali , Mirzaei Ahmadreza , Nazifi Saeed
Published: December 2022

To determine the effects of supplementation of probiotics and yeast extract on the metabolic, immune, and oxidative status of the animals during weaning stress, 40 Sannen goat kids were randomly allocated to 4 experimental treatments of probiotic, yeast cell wall extract, probiotic + Yeast extract, and control at 21 days before the expected weaning time. Four blood samples were collected at 21 days pre-weaning, 2 days post-weaning (weaning time), 7 days post-weaning, and 21 post-weaning. Average concentration of Triiodothyronine, thyroxine, total protein, albumin, globulin, blood urea nitrogen, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum adenosine deaminase, nitric oxide (NO), Ferritin, glucose, cortisol, triglyceride, NEFA, BHBA, and body-weight was measured. Cortisol concentration (P = 0.02) increased at the weaning time compared to the third sampling time. Treatment tends to (P = 0.10) affect the cortisol concentration in animals treated with probiotics. Concentration of TAC was higher at weaning time compared to the third (P < 0.01) and fourth (P < 0.01) sampling times. Concentration of NO was (P < 0.01) higher in the third sampling time compared to the first sampling time. Treatment affect the concentration of NEFA (P < 0.01) and BHBA (P < 0.01), but sampling time did not affect the NEFA (P = 0.92) and BHBA (P = 0.90) concentration. Increase in TAC and NO at weaning time may indicate an increase in the oxidative processes. Decrease in NEFA and BHBA concentrations may indicate an improvement in animals' metabolic status due to probiotics and yeast extract administration.
Effectiveness of Manual Therapy as an Adjunct to Care as Normal in Female Chronic Migraine Patients. A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Odell James , Branney Jonathan , Hunnisett Adrian
Published: December 2022

Background and purpose
The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of manual therapy as an adjunctive treatment to usual care in females severely affected with chronic migraine.
Methods
This was a pragmatic, randomised controlled trial (RCT) in a tertiary headache clinic in the UK. Sixty-four female participants with severe chronic migraine were randomised into two groups: Onabotulinum A (Botox TM) and Botox TM with manual therapy. The Botox TM was given to both groups at the start on a 12-week schedule. The manual therapy was a combination of mobilisation, manipulation and soft tissue release technique and was given 5 times over 12 weeks. The RCT consisted of 3 months intervention with primary outcome measures taken at the end of the study period.
The primary outcome was the between-group difference in change scores using the Headache Impact Test (HIT6). Secondary outcomes were Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) and responder rates.
Results
The primary outcome favoured the use of manual therapy as an adjunct to usual tertiary care over usual tertiary care (BotoxTM)alone with a significant difference in between-group HIT6 change scores (p=0.006, d=0.51) The manual therapy group also had significantly more responders based on HIT6 (p=0.006) and PGIC (p= 0.002) outcomes.
Conclusions
This study has found that manual therapy is an effective adjunct to the usual tertiary care (BotoxTM) of chronic migraine in women.
Trial Registration
The trial received a favourable opinion from the UK Health Research Authority (IRAS 228901) and is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.number NCT03395457. Registered 1st March 2018.
Comprehensive analysis of intercellular communication in thermogenic adipose niche
Authors: Shamsi Farnaz , Zheng Rongbin , Ho Li-Lun , Chen Kaifu , Tseng Yu-Hua
Published: December 2022

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for regulating body temperature through adaptive thermogenesis. Cold exposure remodels BAT by increasing the number and function of brown adipocytes, expanding the network of blood vessels and sympathetic nerves, and changing the makeup and function of immune cells. Such synergistic adaptation requires extensive intercellular crosstalk in adipose niche to coordinate their responses. To understand the mechanisms of intercellular communication, we applied the CellChat algorithm to single-cell transcriptomic data of mouse BAT. We constructed an integrative network of ligand-receptor interactome in BAT and identified the major signaling input and output of each cell type. By comparing the ligand-receptor interactions in BAT of mice housed at different temperatures, we found that cold exposure enhances the interactions among the major cell types in BAT, including adipocytes, adipocyte progenitors, lymphatic and vascular endothelial cells, myelinated and non-myelinated Schwann cells, and immune cells. These interactions regulate the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and neurite growth. Together, our integrative analysis of intercellular communications in BAT and their dynamic regulation establishes a holistic understanding of the mechanisms involved in BAT thermogenesis. The resources presented in this study provide a valuable platform for investigations of BAT development and thermogenesis.
Predictive factors of fetal congenital heart block in anti-SS-A antibody-positive pregnant women
Authors: Heshiki Chiaki , Nagai Yutaka , Miyagi Miki , Oku Akira , Kanemura Akari , Kanamine Chihiro , Doi Syoko , Nakasone Tadaharu , Izumi Yuki , Nakano Yuko , Shimabukuro Atsuya , Yamashita Kaoru , Sunagawa Sorahiro , Sakumoto Kaoru , Aoki Yoichi
Published: December 2022

Background
Identifying predictive factors of fetal congenital heart block (CHB) in pregnant women with positive anti-SS-A antibodies is important to manage the cases properly.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 59 anti-SS-A antibody-positive women undergoing perinatal management at our hospital from January 2011 to November 2021. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate predictive factors for the development of fetal CHB.
Results
Of 59 women with positive anti-SS-A antibodies, 9 had fetal CHB. In univariate analysis, fetal CHB was associated with diagnosing connective tissue disease (OR 0.109, p = .009) and positive anti-SS-A antibodies after conception (OR 31.333, p = .0002). In multivariate analysis, diagnosing connective tissue disease was a protective factor (OR 0.049, p = .025), and positive anti-SS-A antibody after conception was a risk factor (OR 41.738, p = .004). However, other maternal clinical characteristics did not influence the development of fetal CHB.
Conclusions
In pregnancies of anti-SS-A antibody-positive women, diagnosing connective tissue disease was an independent protective factor for fetal CHB, and positive anti-SS-A antibody after conception was an independent risk factor.
Clustering pattern and evolution characteristic of microRNAs in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella)
Authors: Niu Huiqin , Pang Yifan , Xie Lingli , Yu Qiaozhen , Shen Yubang , Li Jiale , Xu Xiaoyan
Published: December 2022

Background
A considerable fraction of miRNAs are highly conserved, and certain miRNAs correspond to genomic clusters. The clustering of microRNAs can be advantageous, possibly by allowing coordinated expression. However, little is known about the evolutionary forces responsible for the loss and acquisition of microRNA and microRNA clusters.
Results
The results demonstrated that several novel miRNAs arose throughout grass carp evolution. Duplication and de novo production were critical strategies for miRNA cluster formation. Duplicates accounted for a smaller fraction of the expansion in the grass carp miRNA than de novo creation. Clustered miRNAs are more conserved and change slower, whereas unique miRNAs usually have high evolution rates and low expression levels. The expression level of miRNA expression in clusters is strongly correlated.
Conclusions
This study examines the genomic distribution, evolutionary background, and expression regulation of grass carp microRNAs. Our findings provide novel insights into the genesis and development of microRNA clusters in teleost.
Effect of Preoperative Pupil Offset on Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations after Femtosecond Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Liu Zhanglin , Zhao Yang , Sun Shengshu , Wu Yuan , Wang Guiqin , Zhao Shaozhen , Huang Yue
Published: December 2022

Background
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between multiple higher-order aberrations (HOAs) subgroups and pupil offset, as well as to analyze the factors affecting postoperative corneal HOAs in patients with different degrees of refractive errors.
Methods
We enrolled 160 patients (316 eyes) aged ≥ 18 years who had undergone femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) treatment. Based on the relationship between the preoperative pupil offset and the postoperative ΔHOAs, all patients were divided into two groups: group I (pupil offset ≤ 0.20 mm) and group II (pupil offset > 0.20 mm). All of the eyes had low to high myopia with or without astigmatism (manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) < -10.00 D). Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, MRSE, pupil offset, central corneal thickness, corneal HOAs, vertical coma (Z3 − 1), horizontal coma (Z31), spherical aberration (Z40), trefoil 0° (Z33), and trefoil 30° (Z3 − 3) over a 6 mm diameter central corneal zone diameter were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively.
Results
Our result revealed significant differences in postoperative corneal total root mean square (RMS) HOAs, RMS vertical coma, RMS horizontal coma, RMS spherical aberration, and RMS trefoil 30° between group I and group Ⅱ. ΔMRSE was found to be an effective factor for ΔRMS HOAs (R2 = 0.383), ΔRMS horizontal coma (R2 = 0.205), and ΔRMS spherical aberration (R2 = 0.397). In group II, multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preoperative pupillary offset and Δtotal RMS HOAs (R2 = 0.461), ΔRMS horizontal coma (R2 = 0.040), and ΔRMS trefoil 30°(R2 = 0.089). The ΔRMS vertical coma effect factor is the Y-component, and the factor influencing ΔRMS spherical aberration was ΔMRSE (R2 = 0.256).
Conclusion
A small pupil offset was associated with a lower induction of postoperative corneal HOAs. Efforts to optimize centration are critical for improving surgical outcomes in patients with FS-LASIK.
Bloom succession and nitrogen dynamics during snowmelt in a mid-order montane river
Authors: Valett Maurice , de Lima Rafael Feijó , Peipoch Marc , Engstrom Royce
Published: December 2022

The Upper Clark Fork River, Montana, a system with a recent history of remediation and restoration from historic mine contamination, was studied to assess succession of riverine periphyton and biogeochemical characteristics following snowmelt runoff and into summer baseflow conditions. Using an historical twenty-year database and three recent field seasons, algal abundance and growth forms were tracked along with physicochemical characteristics, nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) dynamics, and rates of Nfixation at three sites. During snowmelt recession, major blooms of the filamentous green algae Cladophora occurred across all sites, commensurate with declines in dissolved inorganic N. Atomic N:P ratios suggest successional transitions from P- to N-limitation associated with mid-season senescence of Cladophora and development of a secondary bloom of N-fixing algae, dominated by Nostoc cf.pruniforme. Rates of N-fixation increased upon Cladophora senescence to a maximal value of 5.80 mg N/m2/h before decreasing again to background levels at the end of the growing season. Results suggest successional transitions from green algal blooms driven by allochthonous N supply to stages dominated by cyanobacteria and autochthonous N production. Results have implications for continuing river restoration as mediation of anthropogenic N inputs may enhance successional transition to secondary blooms dominated by cyanobacterial forms.
Identification and Prognostic Analysis of Ferroptosis-related Genes to Predict The Progression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Guo Di , Feng Yonghai , Liu Peijie , Yang Shanshan , Zhao Wenfei , Li Hongyun
Published: December 2022

Background:Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by excessive lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in the development and therapeutic responses of cancer. However, the role of ferroptosis-related gene profiles in LSCCremains largely unknown. This study aims to identify the prognostic roles of ferroptosis-related genes in LSCC.Methods:We analyzed sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and identified ferroptosis-related gene expressionbetween tumors and para‐tumors. We also assessed the prognostic role of these genes using Kaplan–Meier analysis and univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model analyses. Immunological correlation, tumor stemness, and drug sensitivity and the transcriptional differences of HSPA5 were also analyzed in LSCC. Then, we investigated the expression of HSPA5 usingimmunohistochemistry in 100 patients with metastatic LSCC and assessed the clinical significance of these markers with different risk factors.Results:Of the 22 ferroptosis-related genes, the expression of HSPA5, HSPB1, GPX4, FANCD2, CISD1, FDFT1, NFE2L2, SLC1A5, RPL8, NCOA4, TFRC, and SLC7A11 was significantly increased in LSCC compared to adjacent tissues. However, only high expression of HSPA5 can predict progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-free survival time (DFS) in LSCC. Although HSPA5 was also significantly elevated in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, HSPA5 expression did not predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Notably, higher expression of HSPA5 showed higher responses to chemotherapy but not immunotherapy. Interestingly, HSPA5 expression positively correlated with ferroptosis, cellular responses to hypoxia, tumor proliferation signature, G2M checkpoint, MYC targets, and TGFB. IHC analysis also confirm the increased expression of HSPA5 in metastatic LSCC patients in our cohort. And higher expression of HSPA5 in metastatic LSCC patients demonstrated shorter PFS and overall survival time (OS).Conclusions:This study shows that ferroptosis-related gene HSPA5 expression is a negative prognostic marker for LSCC.
Non-Operative Treatment for Simple Acute Appendicitis (NOTA) in Children during COVID -19 Era: New Lessons from the Pandemic
Authors: Alsaggaf Ameen , Owiwi Yazeed , Shalaby Mohamed , Ghallab Alaa , Zidan Mazen , Alawi Ahmed , Bustangi Nasir , Awad Mohammed , Bana Abdulelah , Zeair Saad Al , Afandi Ahmed , Basyouni Ahmed , Nasser Ibrahim Al , Raml Enas , Raboei Enaam
Published: December 2022

Background:

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is the newest pandemic disease. The surgical management of acute appendicitis was the gold standard, but new studies suggest the safety of antibiotics treatment alone. NOTA avoid surgery, risks of general anesthesia; long hospital stay and risk of corona virus exposure. We aim to study the safety, cost effectiveness and outcome of NOTA during Covid-19 pandemic and compare it to Single incision pediatric endo-surgery appendectomy (SIPESA)

Methods

A prospective cohort study for NOTA of patients from 6–12 years old in Covid-19 pandemic period from 1st April 2020 to 30th April 2021. Patients divided in 2 groups: Group S managed by SIPESA; group N managed by NOTA. Family education and assurance with detailed explanation was done for early detection of any complication and we continue monitoring of the patients until complete recovery.

Results

sixty patients were managed. Group S had 24 cases (40%), mean age 9.3 years. Group N had 36 cases (60%), mean age 9.1 years. six cases (17%) in group N were converted to surgical management in first 6 month of study. Mean length of hospital stay dropped from 72 hours to 18 hours. The mean cost dropped from 2736$/day to 400$/day. Mean psychological stress for the children improved from 4.4 in April to 2 in September. Mean follow up was 3.5 months.

Conclusions

NOTA is safe and cost-effective. we recommend it especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Level of evidence: Cost Effectiveness Study: Level II