bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STATE OF FEED BASE AND EFFICIENCY OF FEED USE IN SE "SHEVCHENKIVSKE"
Authors: Gunko Iryna , Syrovatko Catherine
Published: January 2022

Feed base is one of the main factors in increasing the productivity of the livestock industry, as in the structure of the cost of milk and beef, the cost of feed is more than 50%. The condition of the fodder base is determined primarily by the total production of different types of feed: hay, silage, haylage, grains. The efficiency of feed use, i.e. their productive effect, depends on the quality of feed and the optimal structure of their use.
The article deals with the dynamics of providing cattle with fodder in the experimental farm "Shevchenkivske" during the last three years, the analysis of the annual structure of fodder and biochemical indicators of quality of corn silage and alfalfa haylage, the share of which in the structure of fodder mixtures of cows reaches 50-55%. Provision of cattle herd with hay is 44%, silage -102%, haylage - 111%, concentrated feed 100%. Over the last 3 years, the consumption of concentrated feed in feeding cows increased by 6.9%, haylage - by 35% while reducing the use of hay and silage by 6.0 and 13.1%, respectively. The total feed costs per average annual cow decreased from 61.0 to 59.3 quintals. korm.od. The dynamics of reducing the quality of silage and haylage was revealed. Corn silage in terms of biochemical quality indicators meets the requirements of class 2, alfalfa haylage - class 3. Both silage and haylage have a high content of acetic acid - 46% of the total acid level at a rate of 40 and 25%, butyric acid is present. Haylage has high humidity and active acidity. The energy nutrient content of alfalfa haylage decreased by 1.13 MJ or 35.3%. It is established that silage and concentrates -79.8% predominate in cow feeding, the ration has a low level of sugars, high - acidic elements, which negatively affects the processes of scar digestions and reduces the productive effect of feeds. During three years, milk yields per cow decreased by 19.1% with an increase in feed consumption per 1 quintal of milk by 21.4%. In order to improve the quality and nutritional value of silage and haylage, we propose to improve the level of tightness in the trenches, to harvest up to 30% of silage and haylage in rolls and film sleeves, to use domestic preservatives Litosil and Litosilplus.
EFFICIENCY OF USING RARE OIL FOR BIOLOGIZATION OF FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS OF CERTAIN AGRICULTURAL CULTURES OF ESPC UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC-EDUCATIONAL CONSORTIUM
Authors: Mazur Viktor , Branitskyi Yurii , Tsytsiura Yaroslav
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of studying the effectiveness of options for biologizing the fertilization system and related factors of the impact of options for using post-harvest green manure in the technology of growing grain corn on gray forest and chernozem soils. The effectiveness of the use of cruciferous green manure crops, such as white mustard, oil radish and spring rape, has been investigated. Evaluation of the effectiveness of green manure was carried out both by the species factor and by the method of sowing green manure plants, in particular, the usual row and wide-row methods. The features of the influence of late autumn post-harvest green manure on the formation of agrophysical soil properties, such as the duty cycle in its categories and soil density, taking into account the optimization of the air properties of the soil and the restoration of its structure in the technologies of adaptive cultivation of agricultural crops, have been studied. The role of green manure crops in providing herbicide-free control of the level of weed infestation was assessed both from the standpoint of controlling the number of various types of weeds and from the standpoint of regulating their development and prevalence. The formation of segetal vegetation in crops of corn for grain was investigated in the format of determining the effectiveness of the aftereffect of green manure on the formation of the level of weediness in the late phenological phases of growth and development of corn. The features of the formation of leafy mass of green manure were investigated, taking into account the temperature and moisture regime.Based on this, an assessment was made of the adaptability of various types of green manure crops depending on the limiting factors of moisture and low temperatures in the variant of summer-autumn use. Conclusions are made about the expediency of using this criterion of the studied cruciferous crops. The influence of green manure crops on the formation of corn yield for grain is shown, taking into account different types of soils and their fertility potential, as well as taking into account the method of sowing green manure. Increases in corn yield were determined in comparison with unfertilized control and their level was assessed in relation to a possible effective alternative replacement of existing options for fertilizing corn with grain. Conclusions are made about the most productive green manure option based on cruciferous species, and prospects for further research and problematic aspects of the use of cruciferous green manure plants are outlined.
Kemahiran Meta Kognitif Kanak-Kanak dalam Penggunaan Perisian dan Peranti Input Tanpa Sentuhan Leap Motion
Authors: Supal Suhairun Nizam , Mohamad Yatim Maizatul Hayati
Published: January 2022

Kemahiran metakognitif memainkan peranan penting bagi kanak-kanak untuk belajar bagaimana mengurus, mengawal dan memikirkan cara belajar. Artikel ini menerangkan kajian mengenai penggunaan peranti input tanpa sentuhan dalam mengembangkan kemahiran metakognitif kanak-kanak dalam persekitaran pembelajaran. Kajian ini menggunakan kajian kes deskriptif dengan seorang kanak-kanak berusia empat tahun menggunakan peranti tanpa sentuhan Leap Motion Controller dengan tiga jenis perisian aplikasi. Kajian ini mengikuti Model Meta Kognitif Pemantauan oleh Flavell yang merangkumi empat kelas fenomena dan hubungannya. Artikel ini menerangkan penemuan dari sesi temu ramah dengan tiga orang guru, rakaman video dan sesi pemerhatian berstruktur. Penemuan menunjukkan bahawa bukan sahaja tahap kemahiran metakognitif untuk kanak-kanak yang terpilih ini meningkat, ia juga menunjukkan peningkatan kemahiran motor halus. Penggunaan peranti input tanpa sentuhan mempunyai kaitan dengan pengalaman kanak-kanak, kesesuaian interaksi dan antara muka aplikasi, dan kemampuan kanak-kanak dalam berlatih dan mengaplikasikan isyarat dan gerakan jari dan tangan. Kesimpulannya, kanak-kanak ini bersedia menggunakan peranti input tanpa sentuhan untuk pembelajaran abad ke-21. Implikasinya, peranti input tanpa sentuhan boleh digunakan dalam aktiviti pembelajaran untuk mengembangkan kemahiran metakognitif dalam kalangan kanak-kanak generasi muda.
Satu Tinjauan Terhadap Tanggapan Guru-Guru dalam Penggunaan Platform Google Classroom bagi Proses Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Kaviza M.
Published: January 2022

Kajian tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk menyelidik terhadap tanggapan seramai 60 orang guru dalam penggunaan platform Google Classroom bagi proses pembelajaran Sejarah. Kajian ini menggunakan instrumen soal selidik yang telah disahkan kesahannya serta memperolehi nilai kebolehpercayaan yang baik. Data yang diperolehi dari kajian ini dianalisis berdasarkan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensi melalui ujian-t sampel tak bersandar dengan menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS. Dapatan menunjukkan tahap tinjauan berdasarkan tanggapan guru-guru dalam penggunaan platform Google Classroom adalah tinggi. Dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa tahap tinjauan berdasarkan tanggapan guru lelaki dan guru perempuan dalam penggunaan platform Google Classroom berada pada tahap tinggi, walaupun dapatan kajian turut membuktikan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi min tinjauan terhadap tanggapan guru-guru dalam penggunaan platform Google Classroom berdasarkan jantina. Implikasi kajian ini menjadi sumber rujukan kepada para guru Sejarah untuk menggunakan platform Google Classroom secara lebih interaktif dalam proses pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan.
An Observational Study Of 210 Cases Of Tumors In Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Bhat Nitish
Published: January 2022

Although relatively rare, tumors of the jaw often may rise to extensive sizes and even metastasize presenting a challenge in diagnosis and treatment. Profiling of such lesion is essential as it helps in understanding the nature of tumors in a particular geologic location.

Aim: The study was framed to determine the incidence of tumors on the basis of institutional data in Himachal Pradesh and to compare it with previous studies.

Methodology: Data was retrieved from archives of DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY, HIDS within a time span of 3 years (January 2015 and December 2017). The cases were characterized on the basis of World Health Organization classification, 2005 and grouped in different categories. Cases with histopathological diagnosis of tumors were reassessed and re analysed on the basis of clinical history, radiographic records present in the department.

Results: In the odontogenic group majority of cases were of ameloblastoma (33%) followed by Odontoma and AOT (Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumor) with 22.2% frequency, in the non-odontogenic group it was mainly a benign fibrous lesion fibroma with maximum frequency (33.3%) followed by other lesions i.e., SCC (Squamous cell carcinoma) 30% and CGCG (Central Giant Cell carcinoma) 7%.

Conclusion: In our study, we found ameloblastoma (odontogenic) and fibroma (non-odontogenic) were most frequent tumors among their respective groups.
Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonitis In Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Fortofoiu Mircea-Catalin
Published: January 2022

Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonitis (LIP) is a rare interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). LIP occurs in a patient with high titers of rheumatoid factor (RF), absence of inflammatory pain and limited joint damage, despite long-standing RA. In these patients, extra-articular manifestations occur even if joint disease activity is low. RA is an autoimmune disease which affects mostly the diarthrodial joints but can also have extra-articular manifestations such as lung disease. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is frequently encountered in patients with RA. Patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) and organizing pneumonia (OP) have been described on surgical lung biopsies in RA patients [1].
Burnout Syndrome In Teachers In The Pandemic For Covid-19
Authors: Castilho Lopes Cristianne Confessor
Published: January 2022

We know how stress is a reaction generated by the body with psychological, mental, physical, behavioral and hormonal agents, which are responsible for the changes necessary to adapt to an event of intense distress. The teacher is a professional who can be affected by events that require adjustments, and such events can be stressful. In December 2019 the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 and reported a first stage of an outbreak, which the World Health Organization named COVID-19. Knowledge of these conditions can be used to develop planning strategies for developing alternative teaching methods, needing adaptations of new methodological tools in the art of teaching by teachers. This research has as main objective to verify the stress level in teachers during the pandemic caused by Covid-19. The risks will be minimal, as this is a cross-sectional study through data collection in electronic format, avoiding direct contact between researchers and interviewees. The data included in the research will be kept confidential, with no identification of the participants by the researcher, with minimal risks, and the expected result is to better understand the reality of teachers facing the challenge of teaching in times of social isolation caused by the Covid pandemic. 19. The present study concluded that teachers with higher weekly working hours, who increased their body mass and who had difficulties in adapting to the new tele-work methodology (Home Office) were associated with all dimensions of Burnout.
Analytical modeling of the biomass briquetting process in a closed channel
Authors: Yeremenko O. I. , Subota S. V.
Published: January 2022

Annotation
Purpose. Increasing the efficiency of biomass briquetting by developing, at the first stage, a graphic-analytical model of a shock-mechanical press with a closed matrix channel.
Methods. Graphic-analytical modeling of impact pressing of biomass into briquettes in a closed channel of the matrix; linearization, according to which a non-linear function is replaced by a linear function; mathematical modeling, assumes the dependence of the degree of compaction of biomass on the magnitude of the shock load (impulse) and reveals the nonlinear nature of the resistance of biomass to shocks and deformations.
Results. On the basis of the analysis, the main factors of the course of the biomass briquetting process in the closed matrix channel of the stamp press have been determined. The physical essence of obtaining briquettes from dispersed biomass is described.
The developed graph-analytical model of biomass briquetting in the closed matrix of a stamp press is substantiated. The application of the method of linearization helps to simplify the mathematical model on the criterion of adequacy in relation to the real conditions of the process.
Conclusions
The developed graphic-analytical model of the process of briquetting of plant biomass in the closed matrix channel of the stamp press allows to find out in abstract form the physical essence of this complex phenomenon.
According to the results of analytical modeling of the process of biomass compaction in the base with elastic properties it is established that the density of the briquette increases monotonically, asymptotically approaching the plastic state of the monolithic product.
The application of the method of linearization of the nonlinear function F(y_1^((1) ) ) simplifies the analysis of the model on the length of the matrix channel in the interval (0; l_1 ), and the coefficient of linearization of the biomass resistance force is the basis of the mathematical model closed channel after each i-th blow.
Keywords: briquette press, biomass, briquettes, shock method, stamp, closed channel, matrix, modeling, linearization.
Experimental sample of a flow distributor of stem materials from rolls
Authors: Pariev A. O. , Drobishev O. O. , Korotchenko T. M.
Published: January 2022

Annotation
Purpose. To create an experimental sample of the flow distributor of stem materials from rolls on the basis of the feeder type KTU-10, by development of conveyor and biter cutting working bodies of the current principle of action for small-volume separation and delivery of rolled stem forage and litter materials and the stand for laboratory researches.
Methods. Analysis of existing technological schemes and technical means for grinding rolls of stem fodder. Computer programs for modeling objects of technological processes and parameters of technical means (KOMPAS 3, Mathcad, Matlab + Simulink).
Results. Taking into account the shortcomings of the parameters of the existing blowers, a structural and technological scheme of the universal distributor of loose and formed into bales and rolls of stem materials was developed and an experimental sample was created on the basis of a narrow-sized KTU-10 feeder using knife sliders and sliding cutters. The equipment can grind and distribute hay and straw of any humidity in rolls, bales, and placer. The stand for laboratory researches of an experimental sample is prepared.
Conclusions. The analysis of technical means for the use of rolled stem materials on cattle farms revealed that on about 1000 farms in Ukraine the distribution of stem rolled and baled materials is performed using manual labor, as special tools have high energy consumption (power – 45–95 kW), material consumption (weight – 1150–3950 kg), cost (150–450 thousand UAH) and operating costs.
To solve the problem, the structural and technological scheme of the distributor of placer and rolled stem materials on the basis of the widespread KTU-10 feed distributor with the use of a new block of knife beaters of sliding cutting with inertial anti-cutting support and end feed of bales and rolls is substantiated.
An experimental sample of the distributor of rolled stem materials on the basis of the small-sized distributor KTV-3.5 (KTU type) with the independent electric drive of working bodies with a power of 5.5 kW which is used for researches of laws of the updated process is developed. The stand for laboratory researches of an experimental sample is prepared.
Keywords: experimental sample, rolled stem materials, working bodies, knife beaters, design and mode parameters.
Estimation of dimensional and qualitative parameters of disk spreader with electric drive
Authors: Artemov M. P. , Kolodyazhnyi I. O. , Tretyak V. M.
Published: January 2022

Purpose. Experimental methods to estimate the flight range of mineral fertilizer granules, to determine the shape of the fertilizer scattering torch, to compare the results of practical research with theoretical calculations of the flight range.
Methods. Full-scale experimental studies of a mock-up sample of a fertilizer spreader.
Results. To improve the quality of sieving, a multi-disc device for sifting mineral fertilizers over the field surface is proposed. It is proposed to make the device in the form of independent, functionally independent modules. Each module consists of three independent units: a fertilizer tank with an agitator; horizontal disc dispenser with calibration holes; a horizontal spreader plate. Each of the modules is equipped with its own electric drive, allowing them to be individually adjusted to a specific operating mode. As a result of studies of a prototype dispenser with active forced-batch dosing of bulk mineral fertilizers, its satisfactory performance was obtained. This makes it possible to regulate the dosage of fertilizers on the spreading disc within the specified limits, and the range of spreading the fertilizers through the individual setting of a certain number of rotational speed of the spreading disc. This arrangement does not limit their number and attachment points on the frame, and the working width of the unit will be regulated only by their number and the range of fertilizer spreading by each individual block.
Conclusions. The flight range of mineral fertilizer granules depends on the frequency of rotation of the spreading disc, its height above the surface of the field, and the coefficient of windage of the fertilizers.
With a change in the location of the spreading disc height from 0.2 to 1 m, at a spreading disc speed of 46.6; 33.3; 50 s-1, the spreading range for granular superphosphate (double) varies from 1.56 to 7.65 m, granular superphosphate from 1.54 to 7.24 m, granular ammonium nitrate from 1.46 to 6 m.
The flight ranges of pellets obtained by practical and theoretical methods coincide within the limits of the requirements. The shape of the resulting spreading spot of fertilizer granules allows, in the case of installing several spreading modules in a line, to obtain fertilizer spreading in the form of an elongated ellipse.
Keywords: mineral fertilizers, scatter torch, granules, spreading disc, rotation frequency, flight range.
The engineering design of fermentation unit for microbial plant protection products small-scale manufacturing
Authors: Khodorchuk V. Y. , Yaroshevsky V. P.
Published: January 2022

Annotation
Purpose. Fermentation unit development based of thin-walled bioreactors for microbial plant protection products manufacturing.
Methods. System design technique, cost-effectiveness analysis, experimental proof and tests.
Results. The fermentation unit was designed. It consists of upgraded industrial sterilizer for nutrient medium making and it further sterilization, two thin-walled fermenters, which could be run in two agitation modes: air bubbling and external loop circulation by pump. Equipment sterilization was substituted by disinfect cleaning and steaming. Air and water flows were sterilized by filtration and UV-radiation.
Conclusions
1. The engineering design of modern fermentation unit FU-500 with 500 dm3 per cycle capacity was developed, intended for further design documents development and also for using in investment projects.
2. The design of cleaning and sterilization procedures support was worked out, specifically easy-removal piping system was employed; fermentation vessels were fitted with minimum amount of connecting sockets and had no prominent parts inside.
3. In comparison with the fermentation complex CFM-420 the present engineering design permits technical and economical parameters significant improvement, in particular capacity increasing at 19 %, equipment weight decrease at 47 %, rated output power reduction at 69 % and 60 % operating aria save.
Keywords: design, thin-walled fermenter, simplified sterilization, plant protection.
Trends in the development of threshing and separating systems of combine harvesters
Authors: Hritsaka O. M.
Published: January 2022

Annotation
Purpose. Research of the efficiency of using combine harvesters, designs of threshing, analysis of the trends of their development, increasing the power of the engines and the improvement of design and technological parameters.
Methods. Analytical studies were conducted to determine the use of combine harvesters due to a combination of development, design and technological parameters of combines from engine power.
Results. An analysis shows that intensive processes in the production of combine harvesters over the past 20 years have led to the formation of powerful manufacturing corporations – companies “Claas”, “John Deere”, “New Holland”, “Deutz Fahr”, “CASE IH”, “Massey Ferguson”, “Fiatagri”, “JSC Rostsilmash”, “Fendt”, “Gomsilmash” “PALESSE”, “MDW”, etc., which unite numerous enterprises of equipment manufacturers in different countries of the world. According to the engine power, the designs of modern combine harvesters are divided into 12 groups of 50 hp up to 800 hp.
Conclusions. According to the results of the research, it is established that the most common today is the traditional threshing and separating device (threshing drum + beater), which is used by almost all leading companies-manufacturers of combine harvesters, except “CASE IH”.
At the same time, there is an expansion of production of combines with axial-rotary schemes, which are characterized by versatility, versatility, energy saving when harvesting different crops.
There is a constant dynamic increase in the power of combines. So if in 2000 the engine power of combine harvesters was 200–220 kW, in 2010 – in the range of 350–400 kW, today this figure in the combines of leading manufacturers-reached 770 kW (Claas Lexion 780 Terra Trac, John Deere X9 1100, Massey Ferguson IDEAL 7, New Holland CX 8090, FENDT IDEAL 9T).
The increase in the capacity of combine harvesters occurs with the simultaneous improvement of the designs of the threshing and separating device.
Keywords: combine harvesters, threshing and separating device, construction, power, engine, and tendency.
Mathematical model of heating seeds with stirring in a drying drum of vacuum drying of seeds
Authors: Adamchuk V. V. , Shvidia V. О.
Published: January 2022

Annotation
Purpose. To increase the uniformity of seed heating by substantiating the transitional modes of a vacuum drum dryer through a mathematical model of heating seeds with mixing in a drying drum.
Methods. The solutions of the heat equation were used with the use of the Fourier method for parabolic partial differential equations and the analysis of the motion of a material point on a rough surface. The adequacy of the mathematical model was verified on the basis of statistical methods.
Results. Based on the solution of the heat conductivity equation and the analysis of the movement of seeds along the inner surface of the drying drum, the dependence of the temperature of the seeds on the layer thickness, heating time and the number of cycles was obtained. The analysis of this dependence made it possible to determine the number of cycles (number of revolutions) at which a uniform temperature distribution is observed over the entire thickness of the seed layer. This dependence shows that the number of revolutions at which a uniform temperature distribution is observed is directly proportional to the thickness of the seed layer and inversely proportional to the thermal diffusivity and the duration of one cycle. The resulting dependence of the number of cycles, at which a uniform temperature distribution over the layer thickness is achieved, was comparable to a similar experimental dependence.
Conclusions. It was found that the mathematical model adequately describes the transient process of seed heating during its mixing with the blades of a drying drum for vacuum drying seeds and can be used to calculate the modes of a vacuum drum dryer for seeds.
Keywords: seeds, drying drum, seed temperature, stirring, vacuum dryer, thermal conductivity, layer thickness.
The Global and the Local: Programs that Predict Critical Thinking and Cultural Appreciation Development in Students
Authors: Johnstone Christopher , Soria Krista , Bittencourt Tiago , Adjei Millicent
Published: January 2022

Increasingly, colleges and universities across the United States are encouraging students to study abroad, citing enhanced cultural appreciation and critical thinking skills as intended outcomes. However, on every campus, there are students who cannot participate in learning-abroad opportunities because of visa, financial, familial, or other personal reasons. At the same time, some students are more drawn to opportunities for engagement in their own communities than outside the United States. This article discusses a study that focused on student outcomes for alumni of domestic and international programs designed to be cross-cultural and experiential in nature. The findings suggest that U.S.-based service-learning opportunities that are intentionally experiential and contain cross-cultural elements may be just as effective in developing students’ cultural appreciation and critical thinking skills as international experiences. Results also indicate that programmatic elements may be as strong of a predictor of student outcomes as location.
On Growing Awareness and Change: Introduction to IJRSLCE, Volume 6
Authors: Perry Lane , Richard Dan
Published: January 2022

As Heraclitus noted, “all things change.” This constant change is expressed in the needs and experiences of students, faculty, and community partners, who, as key partners of the service-learning and community engagement (SLCE) space, continue to evolve. As learning and teaching environments change, as the needs of community partners shift, and as SLCE practices evolve, investigations into how to move forward in more intentional and effective ways are of critical importance. Einstein described insanity as doing the same thing over and over again but expecting different results. The same is potentially true when one does the same thing over and over again in a dynamic environment such as SLCE and expects the the same results. As students, institutions, communities, pedagogy, and learning environments continue to develop, so too must the practices and understanding of the critical elements of SLCE. This issue seeks to address and better understand this evolution.
Оценка влияния полиморфизма гена рецептора витамина D A283G на тяжесть менопаузальных расстройств и качество жизни постменопаузальных женщин города Екатеринбурга
Authors: Вихарева А. А. , Сафьяник Е. А. , Изможерова Н. В. , Попов А. А. , Рябинина А. В.
Published: January 2022

Цель.Оценить частоту выявления полиморфных маркеров генаVDRA283G (rs1544410) и обеспеченность 25(OH)D в популяции женщин поздней постменопаузы, проживающих в городе Екатеринбурге. Установить возможный генетический вклад в выраженность менопаузальных расстройств и качество жизни женщин.
Emission measurement campaigns of Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) at industrial plants/Emissionsmessungen von alveolengängigem kristallinen Siliziumdioxid (RCS) an Industrieanlagen
Authors: Lehmann Christian , Rainer Remus , Noll Günter , Kalkoff Wolf-Dieter , Wusterhausen Ernst , Ehrlich Christian
Published: January 2022

The potential risk from human exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) includes a range of serious non-malignant effects as well as lung cancer, which may occur at relatively low levels. In a previous study, investigating several industrial sectors, we found the highest emission levels of RCS in the industrial silica sand operations. 28 different sand processing facilities were examined in two complex emission measurement programmes. A two-stage cascade impactor was used to separate the particle fractions: > 10 μm, 10 - 4 μm and < 4 μm of aerodynamic diameter. The size of particles of most concern is the so-called particulate matter 4 (PM4). The analytical procedure for determining RCS in emission samples consists of using X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy methods. The relationship between Total Particulate Matter (TPM), PM4 and RCS (as a percentage of PM4) was evaluated. In the case of increased Total Particulate Matter concentration in the stack gas (more than 20 mg/m³) combined with increased percentage of RCS in PM4 an exceedance of an Emission Limit Value (ELV) of 1 mg/m³ is more likely to occur. The evaluation of the emission data helped to formulate differentiated emission control requirements of the plants concerning the draft of the new German Technical Instructions on Air Quality Control (new German TA Luft). It was possible to demonstrate, under which conditions for the specific processing techniques used, emission limits for Total Particulate Matter can be used as a threshold value for the Respirable Crystalline Silica emission. If the mass fraction of quartz in the source rock to be processed is more than 20%, periodic measurements of Respirable Crystalline Silica will be necessary every three years on grinders, whereas they will be only necessary on dryers if the Total Dust concentration exceeds 5 mg/m³.
Digitale Tools unterstützen die fünfstufige Gefährdungsbeurteilung/Digital tools support the five-stage risk assessment
Authors: Arnone Mario
Published: January 2022

Nach der Gefahrstoffverordnung (GefStoffV) muss das Unternehmen bei Tätigkeiten mit Gefahrstoffen eine Gefährdungsbeurteilung durchführen. Hierbei sollen Gefährdungen ermittelt und bewertet werden, um geeignete Schutzmaßnahmen für die Beschäftigten festzulegen. Zusätzlich verpflichtet die GefStoffV auch zur Führung eines Gefahrstoffverzeichnisses und eines Expositionsverzeichnisses von Beschäftigten, die gegenüber krebserzeugenden oder keimzellmutagenen Stoffen exponiert sind. Die Ergebnisse der Gefährdungsbeurteilung müssen dokumentiert und die Beschäftigten über die Ergebnisse unterwiesen werden. Detaillierte Informationen zur Umsetzung der Pflichten bei der Gefährdungsbeurteilung finden sich in den Technischen Regeln für Gefahrstoffe. Das Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IFA), einzelne Unfallversicherungsträger sowie die Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA) bieten Unternehmen unterschiedliche digitale Tools als Hilfestellungen für die Gefährdungsbeurteilung bei Tätigkeiten mit Gefahrstoffen an. Im ersten Themenheft „Digitale Tools“ der Gefahrstoffe – Reinhaltung der Luft 7-8/2021 wurden bereits einige Instrumente ausführlicher vorgestellt [1]. Weitere, in diesem Artikel genannte Tools zur Unterstützung bei der Gefährdungsbeurteilung werden in dieser Ausgabe präsentiert.
THE HISTORY OF SPECIAL CAMPS IN GERMANY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Authors:   Senior teacher of the Department of ", Abdullayevna Fayzullayeva Klara ,   History of Uzbekistan",   of Jizzak Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2022

The history of special camps in the Soviet zone is practically an aspect of the Soviet occupation policy in Germany that has not been studied in historiography. This article highlights and analyzes various aspects of the history of these special camps: the reason for their creation, the course of the deployment of the camp system during the Second World War, the nature of the contingent held in the camps, their staffing, as well as the place of special camps in the system of Soviet military administration bodies and their role in the activities of Soviet state security bodies in East Germany in the first post-war years.
PECULIARITIES OF COMMUNICATIVE EXERCISES IN TEACHING CLUSTER APPROACH-BASED ENGLISH IN THE FIELD OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF ACADEMIC LYCEUMS
Authors:   Researcher of Gulistan state university, Uzbekistan, Adilova Charos A.
Published: January 2022

The article provides a brief overview of the newly developing cluster approach in teaching foreign languages and gives methodological instructions on preparing different types of exercises to improve students’ professional communicative abilities in foreign languages using authentic materials.
A IDENTITY UNDERSTOOD FROM HISTORY
Authors:   Lecturer, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Akhmedova Shokhista S. , Muqarova Zarina O. ,   Student, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2022

This article highlights the uniqueness of Omon Matjon’s skill in creating a historical hero. The poet’s poem “Al-Khwarizmi’s journey to the Cave of Ephesus in Byzantium” dedicated to Al- Khwarizmi was analyzed.
BASIC NON-VERBAL COMPONENTS OF SPEECH
Authors:   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Uzbek Linguistics Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan, Yuldasheva Dr. Dilorom N.
Published: January 2022

We all know that verbal communication differs from the simple implementation of linguistic possibilities in a certain material form. Verbal communication is situational, so its forms and expressiveness are multifaceted. Nov, in Uzbek linguistics, cognitive linguistics is a new direction of research that determines the cognitive characteristics of linguistic units. In connection with the common language and national thinking, the main task of this direction is to study the cognitive, expressive, accumulative aspects of each linguistic phenomenon. Indeed, in the Uzbek environment, this period requires an analysis of the language with its owner in the presence of such factors as social environment, culture, nationality. In this article, verbal (synonymy, gradonymy, antonymy, paraphrase, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony, phraseology, euphemism, etc.) and non-verbal (tone, silent unit) language serve to reveal medical euphemistic meanings as a means of realizing linguopragmatics.
SEMANTIC FEATURES OF GENDER LEXICAL UNITS OF ENGLISH
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of “Distance education” Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan, Khalilova Laylo R.
Published: January 2022

This article is about semantic features of gender lexical units in modern linguistics. In everyday speech, the word “gender” is associated with the biological and social differences between women and men. In addition, people might know that languages can have masculine and feminine words. It may seem that grammatical gender is a reflection of natural gender in grammar. We know that in everyday language, gender is not talked about, not even mentioned. In other words, it is not the type of information that is predicated of a referent. It is not often uttered such statements as: ‘she’s a woman’ or ‘my computer is a thing’. These sentences are perfectly grammatical of course, and they make sense, but they are not uttered. Or if they are gender nous such as ‘woman’ or ‘man’ are not used to convey information about gender but some implicature, often close to stereotype: ‘She spends a fortune on perfume. – Well, what do you expect, she’s a woman’. In texts we find such utterances as ‘She was an extraordinary woman’ (where the noun is preceded by an adjective) but not ’She was a woman’. In the first of these two clauses the noun ‘woman’ is only there to support the extra specification of the adjective (‘extraordinary’).
THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONCEPT IN COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS
Authors:   Master Student, Samarkand State institute of foreign languages, Uzbekistan, Turakhonova Gulnozakhon B.
Published: January 2022

Cognitive linguistics is the study of the essence of a particular concept in the linguistic description of the world and its relation to world realities. Concept is one of the main categories of cognitive linguistics and is an element that establishes the connection between culture and man. Cognitive linguistics is a cluster of closely related approaches to the study of language as a mental phenomenon. Cognitive linguistics emerged as a school of linguistics in the 1970s. Cognitive linguistics is the study of knowledge, the study of language, which represents the crucial role of secular information structures in our interactions with the world. This paper discusses the theoretical foundations of conceptualization in cognitive linguistics.
THE STUDIES OF RELIEF NOUNS BY UZBEK LINGUISTS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoiy, Uzbekistan, Farmonov Bekzod B.
Published: January 2022

This article provides detailed information about the derivatives of nouns from the word relief in the Uzbek language, about their study and classification in Uzbek linguistics. A classification of linguistic studies of relief nouns in the Uzbek language is proposed. Also, special attention is paid to the importance of studying the semantic structure, historical and etymological features, theoretical and practical issues related to the lexical interpretation of relief nouns in the Uzbek language.
NATIONAL TOURISM OF UZBEKISTAN AS SELF-DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Samarkand State University, Samarkand City, Uzbekistan, Khashimov Sherakhon J.
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the issues of national tourism, its system, structure and processes of progressive development, the relationship and interaction of national tourism with various spheres of public life. The factors influencing national tourism in Uzbekistan, its system, renewal processes, laws of its development, as well as economic, social and legal aspects of national tourism are considered.
Analisis Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas II Sekolah Dasar Negeri
Authors: Utari Dwi , Putra Elpri Darta
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the learning motivation of students in class II SDN 016 Kopah Village. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this study were second grade teachers and all second grade students at SDN 016 Kopah Village. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used the Milles and Huberman model with stages, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the teacher always provides learning motivation to students during the learning process. given by the teacher, namely, 1) Praise Motivation, 2) rewards, 3) and the use of interesting activities during the learning process. Then, student motivation is divided into two, namely intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. There are some students who are included in intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation factors, namely, 1) the desire and desire to succeed, 2) the drive and need in learning, 3) the expectations and ideals, and 4) the appreciation in learning. The criteria for students who have extrinsic motivation are students who always need encouragement, praise and appreciation from the teacher. The conclusion of this study is, the learning motivation of second grade students of State Elementary Schools can be said to be good, seen from 13 students who have many intrinsic motivations in second grade students of SDN 016 Kopah Village.
Peran Guru Dalam Menggunakan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Frida Silitonga Dahlia Mei , Putra Elpri Darta
Published: January 2022

Lack of teachers in organizing the material with the real life of students so that the learning process seems meaningless. The teacher is one of the determining factors for the success of any educational effort and the teacher has a very important role in the learning process. To organize subject matter with students' daily lives, teachers need to improve how to teach well and teachers are able to choose the right learning methods for teaching. The CTL learning model is a learning model in which a conception that helps learning activities connect the content of teaching materials with students' real world situations. This study aims to find out how the teacher's role in implementing the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) model for elementary school students. This type of research is qualitative research. The research was conducted in class V of Pekanbaru Adventist Elementary School, with 3 teachers and 3 students as the subject. Methods of data collection using interviews, observation and document review. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate the teacher's role in using contextual teaching and learning (CTL), it can be seen that the teacher does planning such as preparing lesson plans, then the teacher carries out the learning process using the CTL model. Furthermore, the teacher also the results of the learning that has been done.
Pengembangan E-Modul Membaca Siswa Kelas 3 SDN 029 Pekanbaru
Authors: Syahputri Isra , Dafit Febrina
Published: January 2022

This development research was carried out based on the teacher's difficulty in presenting complete and interesting teaching materials so that students were less enthusiastic when the learning process took place. This study aims to test the feasibility of teaching materials in the form of e-modules on theme 2 sub-theme 3 for third grade elementary school. This research is a development research using the ADDIE model. The stages of the ADDIE model to develop this e-module were modified into three stages, namely analysis, design and development. The data collected in this study are quantitative data and qualitative data. The methods used to collect data are: observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The subjects involved in this study were 2 design experts, 2 material experts and 2 linguists. The data analysis technique used is quantitative and qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The results showed that the validation of design experts obtained an average of 92.31% in the "Valid" category, material experts obtained an average of 87.49% in the "Valid" category, and linguists obtained an average of 82.04 % with the category "Valid". So that the average value obtained from the development of this reading e-module is 87.28% with the "Valid" category.
Implementasi Penilaian Autentik Kurikulum 2013 Pada Mata Pelajaran PAI dan Budi Pekerti di SDN 1 Bangunrejo Ponorogo
Authors: Habibi Mukhlas , Lestari Fina Aulika , Afif Yusmicha Ulya
Published: January 2022

Assessment is an important part of education, because with the assessment educators can see the extent to which the success of the learning process and the abilities of students. There are various types of assessments to measure students' abilities, in the 2013 curriculum there is an assessment model called authentic assessment. Authentic assessment is a comprehensive assessment that not only assesses students' cognitive mastery, but also assesses affective and psychomotor mastery. Educators who conduct authentic assessments of students will get the right assessment results, but sometimes there are still educators who use authentic assessments but are not in accordance with the competence of students. This study aims to reveal the problems that often occur, namely the discrepancy between the value and ability of students in mastering the subject matter. This research is a qualitative research. In the collection using observation techniques, interviews, and documentation.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring Pada Mata Kuliah Kemahiran Berbicara Bahasa Arab di Universitas Alazhar Indonesia
Authors: Rahmah Ghina Kania
Published: January 2022

This study discusses the level of effectiveness of online methods in the learning process of Arabic speaking proficiency courses during covid-19 spread in Indonesia at the University of Alazhar Indonesia. This research, refers to how the students batch 2019 respond to online learning in this Arabic speaking proficiency course.Online lectures in this modern era are related to the use of technological media, from the internet or other applications such as Zoom, WhatsApp and other. In the context of Arabic, speaking proficiency is a mandatory skill that students must master and is one of the final goals of foreign language learning in order to gain the ability to express thoughts in the form of ideas, and courage in communicating with interlocutors using Arabic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of online learning on the Arabic speaking proficiency course on the learning outcomes of Arabic speaking proficiency for Arabic Literature Students at Al Azhar University Indonesia. As for the method used in this study, the author uses the Pearson Correlation method with the pieosary technique.
The effectiveness of online learning in the Arabic speaking proficiency course at the University of Alazhar Indonesia has a good enough effect on increasing understanding in learning in Arabic speaking proficiency courses. they are also greatly helped by the use of available communication aids
Kiai's Communication Approach in Developing Religious Culture At the Nurul Qornain Islamic Boarding School Jember
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto
Published: January 2022

Kiai's leadership strategy in developing a religious culture is an effort to implement the strategic ideas that have been designed in the development of the Islamic boarding school organization so that it is always by its main objectives. In Pondok Pesantren Kiai is the main symbol and the only one who has the prerogative in running an educational institution. However, nowadays pesantren is experiencing rapid development where pesantren not only organize religious activities but also manages various other formal educations. Of course, this has implications for the increasing number of educators and education personnel who ultimately need good and proper management. This development certainly needs to be responded with good communication patterns, in order that all pesantren residents can understand the information messages conveyed by Kiai as the highest leader in the pesantren. Therefore, in the management of the Nurul Qornain Islamic Boarding School, Kiai Yazid Karimullah has approaches to effective communication patterns with his students, so that the availability of channels has implications for receiving students for information.