bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thickness determination of dual-layer coatings based on ultrasonic spectral filtering
Authors: Ma Z Y , Zhang W , Luo Z B , Lin L , Krishnaswamy S
Published: April 2018

In this paper, a non-destructive method for determining the thicknesses of dual-layer coatings is developed using an ultrasonic spectral filtering technique based on the theoretical investigation of wave propagation in specimens with two layers and three interfaces. The acoustic reflection
coefficient of dual-layer coatings was separated from the measured signal through Fourier transformation and Wiener deconvolution. Utilising the multi-frequency windows autoregressive spectral extrapolation (MARSE) technique, the cosine signals (sine signals), including the time-of-flight
(TOF) of each layer, were split from the real part (imaginary part) of the acoustic reflection coefficient. The thicknesses of the dual-layer coatings were calculated utilising the periods of the cosine signals (sine signals) and the longitudinal wave velocities of each layer. Ultrasonic experiments
were carried out on the dual-layer coatings, where the thicknesses of layer 1, layer 2 and the aluminium substrate were 230 μm, 450 μm and 5 mm, respectively. The thicknesses measured by the proposed ultrasonic method were in good agreement with those observed by optical microscopy (OM)
and the relative errors of layers 1 and 2 were both less than 5.0%.
Guided wave sensor for simple digital communication through an oil industry multi-wire cable
Authors: Trane G , Mijarez R , Guevara R , Baltazar A
Published: April 2018

This work presents the proprietary design and implementation of a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) sensor for simple digital transmission and reception of guided waves using a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant multiple-wire 1K22 MP-35N cable as a communication channel. These cables
are commonly used in the hostile oil and gas borehole environments of the petroleum industry. The sensor design involves electrical/mechanical coupling, instrumentation and casing. The PZT guided wave transmitter instrumentation includes a microcontroller-based pulse position modulator, a
signal booster, a PZT-5H crystal and a 9 V battery. The receiver sensor consists of a PZT-5H crystal, an amplifier and a real-time digital signal processing (RT DSP) and data acquisition module connected to a personal computer. Dispersion curves were obtained using Disperse software and a
simplified model of the cable. Dynamic linear 3D finite element modelling of the sensor was performed to support the correct frequency selection. To evaluate the sensor design, the transmitter generated 60 kHz guided wave pulse position modulation (PPM) energy packages. Experimental tests
were conducted in the laboratory using 1 m and 10 m cables. The results showed that, although there was significant dispersion and there were multiple mode excitations of the transmitted pulses, the system correctly identified 10-bit frames of guided wave PPM-encoded information.
A retrospective study to evaluate the pattern of spontaneously reported antiretroviral induced adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Patil Swati V. , Pawar Sudhir R.
Published: April 2018

Background: To evaluate the adverse effect profile of spontaneously reported cases of adverse drug reactions due to antiretroviral (ART) drugs in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study of pattern of ART induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) spontaneously reported to the Pharmacology department at a tertiary care hospital from January 2011 to December 2016. The details of suspected ADRs including drugs involved, treatment given for ADRs, and the outcome were also documented. These ADRs were analyzed for causality (WHO scale), severity (Hartwig et al. scale), seriousness (ICH E 2A guidelines), preventability (Schumock and Thornton scale) and type based on Edwards and Aronson classification system.Results: Of the 75 cases of ART induced ADRs, reactions were slightly more common in males (52%) and had median age and duration of ART as 36 years and 109 days respectively. Drug induced anemia was the most common presentation followed by cutaneous ADR and zidovudine being the commonest offender. Severity was moderate in 85.3% and causality was probable in 16% and possible in 84% cases. The type reaction was augmented type in 41.3% and not preventable in 76%.Conclusions: Zidovudine is the commonest drug implicated in causing anemia amongst the antiretrovirals. Spontaneous reporting method for antiretroviral pharmacovigilance is insufficient. Targeted spontaneous reporting or cohort event monitoring need to be studied for antiretroviral pharmacovigilance.
Study of anaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kaushik Deepali , Parashar Raman , Malik Praveen K.
Published: April 2018

Background: Anaemia is increasingly recognized entity in the patients with diabetes mellitus and constitutes an additional burden in patients. The prevalence of anaemia in the patients with diabetes is two or three times higher than in patients with comparable renal impairment and iron stores in the general population. As India is foreseen a diabetic capital of the world, it becomes imperative to recognize co-morbidities such as anaemia at the earliest. Hence this study is being conducted with the aim to determine the prevalence and various causes of anaemia in diabetics.Methods: After obtaining informed written consent, all diabetics patients were subjected to detailed history, through clinical examination and investigation with CBC, Renal function test including creatinine clearance. The difference of mean between anaemic and non anaemic diabetic patients was evaluated by unpaired student t test. Finally, correlation between the level of haemoglobin and index of renal damage (albumin-creatinine ratio) was accessed by Pearson correlation. Statistical software of SPSS 10 ver. and EXCEL (office 9) was used to analyse the data.Results: In the present study, nearly two third patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were anaemic. The maximum number of anaemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had microcytic hypochromic type of anaemia.Conclusions: It is therefore concluded that anaemia is a prevalent finding in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and represents significant unrecognised burden. The anaemia may be attributed to variable contribution of iron deficiency state and chronic inflammation as result of the disease itself.
Autologous platelet rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection for chronic plantar fasciitis: a prospective controlled randomized comparative clinical study
Authors: Upadhyay Sachin , Damor Vijendra
Published: April 2018

Background: Primary objective was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) and steroid injections in chronic cases of plantar fasciitis.Methods: The present study was a prospective cohort study; 140 consecutive patients with chronic plantar fasciitis were enrolled and randomized in two groups: One receives the Platelet rich plasma (PRP) therapy (study group) and another receiving corticosteroid injection (control group). The outcomes in both groups are then evaluate and compared using visual analogue scale (VAS) and American Orthopaedic foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale at 1month, 3month and 6 month post injection. The level of significance was set at p <0.05.Results: Prospective data was collected of 140 heels. The average follow up duration was about 6 months. The score on VAS scale and AOFAS improved from base line for both group but the patients received PRP therapy had a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in pain and improved AOFAS score at last follow up. No adverse complications were reported.Conclusions: The result of present study showed that the PRP therapy has potential to reduce pain and improve the functional outcome in cases of chronic planter fasciitis. It was found to be more effective and significantly better than corticosteroid injection.
Spectrum of uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in diabetes mellitus patients at a tertiary care hospital in Odisha, India
Authors: Murmu Malati , K. P. Karun Mahesh , Meher Rajesh Kumar , Pradhan Butungeshwar , Kar Ayaskanta , Naik Manoranjan
Published: April 2018

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder involving almost all systems of body. Untreated or poorly treated Diabetics are susceptible to develop a series of complications responsible for raised morbidity and mortality. Diabetes Mellitus has a number of long term effects on the Genitourinary system. Urinary tract infections have long been recognised as a significant problem in patients with Diabetes Mellitus.Methods: Prospective observational study. Diabetic patients with culture positive UTI were included. Gestational diabetes, Immunocompromised patients and patients with congenital renal anatomical abnormalities were excluded.Results: Authors included 211 numbers of culture positive UTI among diabetic patients. Out of which, 65 were male and 146 were female. Maximum number of patients belong to 56-65 years age group. Escherichia coli was the predominant organism isolated. Gram positive organisms showed 100% sensitivity to Vancomycin and Linezolid. Gram negative organisms showed 100% sensitivity to Polymyxin B.Conclusions: Genitourinary tract infection is not an infrequent complication seen in diabetes patients. Most common causative organism and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern should be done in tertiary care hospital for a better antibiotic policy.
Brain Tumor Characterization Using Multibiometric Evaluation of MRI
Authors: Durmo Faris , Lätt Jimmy , Rydelius Anna , Engelholm Silke , Kinhult Sara , Askaner Krister , Englund Elisabet , Bengzon Johan , Nilsson Markus , Björkman-Burtscher Isabella , Chenevert Thomas , Knutsson Linda , Sundgren Pia
Published: April 2018

The aim was to evaluate volume, diffusion, and perfusion metrics for better presurgical differentiation between high-grade gliomas (HGG), low-grade gliomas (LGG), and metastases (MET). For this retrospective study, 43 patients with histologically verified intracranial HGG (n = 18), LGG (n = 10), and MET (n = 15) were chosen. Preoperative magnetic resonance data included pre- and post-gadolinium contrast-enhanced T1-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recover, cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), fractional anisotropy, and apparent diffusion coefficient maps used for quantification of magnetic resonance biometrics by manual delineation of regions of interest. A binary logistic regression model was applied for multiparametric analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Statistically significant differences were found for normalized-ADC-tumor (nADC-T), normalized-CBF-tumor (nCBF-T), normalized-CBV-tumor (nCBV-T), and normalized-CBF-edema (nCBF-E) between LGG and HGG, and when these metrics were combined, HGG could be distinguished from LGG with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The only metric to distinguish HGG from MET was the normalized-ADC-E with a sensitivity of 68.8% and a specificity of 80%. LGG can be distinguished from MET by combining edema volume (Vol-E), Vol-E/tumor volume (Vol-T), nADC-T, nCBF-T, nCBV-T, and nADC-E with a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 100%. The present study confirms the usability of a multibiometric approach including volume, perfusion, and diffusion metrics in differentially diagnosing brain tumors in preoperative patients and adds to the growing body of evidence in the clinical field in need of validation and standardization.
Feature Tracking Cardiac MRI Reveals Abnormalities in Ventricular Function in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Burris Nicholas , Lima Ana Paula , Hope Michael , Ordovas Karen
Published: April 2018

Subclinical systolic and diastolic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction has been reported in previous echocardiographic studies on congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). Patients with BAV commonly undergo evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging, and feature-tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR-FT) is an emerging technique that assesses myocardial strain using standard cine sequences. This study investigated differences in myocardial strain between patients with BAV with preserved ejection fraction (EF) and controls using CMR-FT. Patients with isolated BAV and preserved EF, who had previously undergone CMR (n = 42; mean age, 41.2 ± 13.9) were compared with controls (n = 19; 36.6 ± 9.8; P = .2). Investigational CMR-FT strain analysis software was used to measure circumferential systolic and diastolic strain values, as well as standard LV volumetric and functional parameters. The majority of patients with BAV had mild or no valve dysfunction, and LV myocardial mass end-diastolic volume indices were similar between groups. Peak diastolic circumferential strain rate was lower in patients with BAV than in controls (0.89 ± 0.27 vs 1.21 ± 0.21 s−1, P = .003). After adjusting for covariates, only myocardial mass index was independently associated with peak circumferential systolic strain and diastolic strain rate. Feature-tracking CMR can identify abnormalities of LV strain in a clinical cohort of asymptomatic patients with BAV with preserved EF. Decreases in circumferential diastolic strain rate in patients with BAV suggest evidence of early diastolic dysfunction.
Candida albicans and Napkin Dermatitis: Relationship and Lesion Severity Correlation
Authors: Hussein Karsani Amani , Alzolibani Abdullateef A. , Farouq Yasser , Zedan Khalid , Alotaibi Mohammed Mohsen , Saif Ghada Bin , Babikir Ibrahim H.
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Napkin Dermatitis (ND) is a common problem in infancy that affects almost every child during the early months and years of their lifetime. It is a skin disease that becomes a challenge for both parents and physicians because of its frequency and difficulty in eliminating all of the causative factors in diapered infants. Usually Napkin dermatitis is self-limiting but when associated with Candida albicans (C. albicans) seems to be moderate to severe.Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the colonization of C. albicans in children with Napkin dermatitis and to correlate between intensity of C. albicans colonization and the severity of napkin rash.Patients and Methods: This case-controlled study was conducted at Qassim University pediatric outpatient clinics, during the period from August 2014 to July 2015. Sixty patients with diaper dermatitis and 33 healthy controls were enrolled to this study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the parents of each participant using questionnaires Paired (stool and skin) samples were collected from all cases and healthy control children. The samples were cultured on differential and selective chromogenic medium for isolation and initial identification of candida species. Identification confirmation of the isolates was determined by the Vitek 2 compact automated system.Results: Diaper dermatitis shows significant outcome to washing diaper area (per day) (P=0.001), History of diarrhea last 7 Days (P˂0.001), skin lab results (+/-) for Candida albicans, (P˂0.001), skin colony count, (P˂0.001), However, there is no correlation to age (P=0.828), gender (P=0.368) and feeding style (P=0.401).Conclusion: The severity score of napkin dermatitis was significantly observed among cases with diaper dermatitis (p-value<0.001) and control children (p-value<0.001) respectively.Keywords: Candida albicans; Napkin dermatitis; Diaper dermatitis; Vitek 2 compact system; Qassim.
Prevalence of topical corticosteroids related adverse drug events and associated factors in selected community pharmacies and cosmetic shops of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Bilal Arebu I. , Shimels Tariku , Tsegaye Mahlet
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Inappropriate use of topical corticosteroids was found to cause different dermatological complications. Despite its complex adverse effects, misuse of topical corticosteroids has been a common practice throughout the world. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of misuse of topical corticosteroids and its associated factors in selected community pharmacies and cosmetics shops of AddisAbaba.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted from February to April in twelve community pharmacies and six cosmetics shops in Addis Ababa. A topical corticosteroids use pattern and related adverse events. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the nature and frequency of cosmetic use while binary and multinomial logistic regression was employed to test associated factors. Statisticalsignificance was set at p<0.05.
Result: From a total of 286 participants, more than two third obtained the topical corticosteroids as over the counter. Among these, majority (59.8%) used for beautification purpose. More than half of the users faced adverse drug events and the most common affected site was face. Educational status was found to be associated with OTC use of corticosteroids. Age, reading of label, frequency of application, recommendation by friends and, mixing with other cosmetics and water have shown statistically significant association with occurrence of adverse drug events.
Conclusion: Majority of the topical corticosteroids were obtained without prescription for the purpose of beautification rather than treatment. A higher proportion of cosmetic users reported to have experienced at least one adverse event. There needs to consider safety concerns related to topical corticosteroids use in the city.
Acts of Improvement
Authors: Wujastyk Dagmar
Published: April 2018

In Sanskrit medical literature, rasāyana is defined as one of eight subject areas of medicine. The proclaimed aim of rasāyana therapies is to preserve or promote health and well-being, but also to prolong life, to halt degeneration caused by aging, to rejuvenate and to improve cognitive function. The term “rasāyana” describes the therapies that together constitute this branch of medicine; the methodology and regimen of treatment; and the medicinal substances and formulations used in these therapies.

In Indian alchemical literature, the Sanskrit term “rasāyana” is predominantly used to describe the final stages of alchemical operations, i.e.  all that is involved in the taking of elixirs for attaining a state of spiritual liberation in a living body. Rasāyana in this sense describes a series of related processes, including the preparation of the elixir; the preparation of the practitioner; the intake of the elixir and finally, the process of transformation the practitioner undergoes after intake of the elixir.

In my paper, I present examples of rasāyana sections from a selection of medical and alchemical treatises to explore their connections and divergences. I also discuss how the connections between medical and alchemical rasāyana sections reflect the development of iatrochemistry in alchemical literature.
Treatment and Rehabilitation of Wild Birds and Mammals
Authors: Aslan Logman , Adizel Özdemir , Sancak Tunahan
Published: April 2018

Today, the ecosystem is being rapidly destroyed due to habitat loss, animal hunting, road construction, raising of transmission lines, general pollution, and agricultural activities, in addition to many other factors, all of which directly and indirectly affect wildlife. By necessity, rehabilitation units are available for the care and treatment of wild birds and mammals in need of life support. This paper discusses data collected regarding the treatment and rehabilitation of wild mammals and birds brought to the Center for Wildlife Conservation and Rehabilitation at Van Yüzüncü Yýl University from 2009-2016. During the course of the present study, total 145 wild animals including 117 birds and 28 mammals. Out of the total treated, 96 wild birds and 21 wild mammals recovered, 12 birds and 4 mammals died without responding to treatments, whereas 9 birds and 3 mammals were euthanized. Additionally, of the 96 birds and 21 mammals that recovered, 15 birds and 6 mammals were determined to be unable to survive in their natural habitats, and were sent to zoo gardens or wildlife conservation and rehabilitation centers. The remaining 96 animals that fully recovered were released back into their natural habitats.
Study on nutrient package for pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)
Authors: Gawade S. N. , Kale A. P , Shaikh J. A , Sharma R. P
Published: April 2018

An experiment was carried out during 2015-16 with speciality fertilizers of R.C.F. (Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilizers) Limited on the fruit yield and quality of pomegranate in an orchard with a soil pH of 8.7 and EC of 0.40 (ds m-1) in Randomised Block Design (RBD). During the experiment the effects of foliar sprays of NPK 19:19:19 (Sujala), Micronutrient Fertilizer (Microla) and Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria (Biola) were studied. Sujala alone and in combination with Microla were applied with three and five sprays each respectively. Biola was applied only once before the application of foliar fertilizers through drenching method. The concentration of 0.5 % and 0.2 % of Sujala and Microla were used in the experiment respectively. The application of Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF) along with each 5 sprays of Sujala and Microla recorded maximum yield (26.87 kg / plant), number of fruits (101.33) and average weight of fruit (272.00 g) followed by RDF along with Sujala, Microla (3 spray) and Biola.
Injury and Psychiatric Disorder in Low-Income Women Experiencing Bidirectional Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Behnken Monic P. , Duan Yinghui , Temple Jeff R. , Wu Zhao Helen
Published: April 2018

This study compared severity of physical violence, intimate partner violence (IPV)-related injury, and lifetime diagnoses of psychiatric disorders among women in relationships with bidirectional, unidirectional, or no IPV. The sample includes 763 low-income women from community-based family planning clinics. Results showed that women in relationships with bidirectional IPV were more likely to experience severe physical violence and severe IPV-related injury compared to women in the unidirectional IPV category. These women were also more likely to be diagnosed with drug abuse and depression than women in relationships without IPV. Similarly, women in the bidirectional IPV category were more likely to be diagnosed with drug abuse when compared to women in the victim-only unidirectional IPV category. Recommendations for health-care providers are discussed.
Intimate Partner Violence Myths in Police Reports: A Directed Content Analysis
Authors: Twis Mary Katherine , Phuong Nguyen Anh , Nordberg Anne
Published: April 2018

Although much has changed in social and criminal justice system responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) since public awareness campaigns began in the 1970s, stigmatization around IPV offense and victimization remains a barrier to victims obtaining available assistance, including those offered by police forces. Unfortunately, stigma is often perpetuated by mythology about the crime, its offenders, its victims, and overarching gender norms. Since IPV cases are managed under the auspices of the criminal justice system, the manner in which the system itself perpetuates IPV myths is worthy of attention. Prior literature suggests that police officers may be vulnerable to this mythology in their decision-making and reporting of IPV calls. This is troubling for IPV victims and offenders alike, since police reports follow them through the criminal justice system and associated IPV intervention programs. A report heavily influenced by IPV mythology is unlikely to serve IPV offenders or victims particularly well. Guided by four popular IPV myths identified in Eigenberg et al.’s (2012) study, the purpose of the present qualitative study of IPV in police reports (N = 58) is to explore the influence of IPV mythology on police officers’ decision-making and intervention. One overarching theme emerged after the analysis: undetected coercive control evident in the cases. Implications on improvement in police training are suggested.
Methodological Considerations for Research With Black Male Victims of Violent Injury in an Urban Trauma Unit
Authors: St. Vil Christopher , Richardson Joseph , Cooper Carnell
Published: April 2018

There is a body of research over the last three decades that has focused on the etiology of violence among victims of violent injury. This body of literature indicates that Black men are disproportionately represented among victims of violent injury seen in emergency departments and trauma centers across the country. Despite the disproportionate number of low-income young Black men treated for violent injury in urban trauma units and the growing body of literature accompanying it, little is known about the unique methodological challenges violent injury researchers face when conducting research on this vulnerable population in a clinical setting. This article describes the unique and often nuanced methodological difficulties a research team encountered while conducting a longitudinal qualitative study on risk factors for repeat violent injury among low-income young Black male victims of violent injury treated at a Level II trauma center in the Eastern United States. Four methodological challenges are identified: (a) the identification and screening of participants, (b) recruitment and interviewing, (c) understanding hospital culture, policies, and procedures, and (d) retention and attrition of sample. Recommendations to overcome these challenges are offered.
Assistive Technology in Pre-Service Rehabilitation Counselor Education: A New Approach to Team Collaboration
Authors: Connor Annemarie , Kuo Hung-Jen , Leahy Michael J.
Published: April 2018

Purpose: Recognizing a perceived lack of assistive technology/adaptive equipment (AT/AE) competence on the part of counselors and educators (Kuo, 2013), this article provides an overview of assistive technology concepts and accreditation standards, and introduces a training model intended to improve rehabilitation counselor readiness to address client AT/AE needs.

Method: Drawing on the extant literature, professional scopes of practice, and interdisciplinary clinical experience, the authors conceptualize AT/AE service delivery along a biopsychosocial continuum.

Results: The resultant model of AT/AE team collaboration can be taught by counselor educators and understood by students without specialty certification or preexisting knowledge of AT. The model spans the continuum of care from medical to psychosocial, details the roles of rehabilitation disciplines, and offers a pedagogical tool for infusing AT concepts across the curriculum.

Conclusion: Ultimately, this article advocates for increased rehabilitation counselor engagement and entry-level competence in addressing the psychosocial aspects of AT/AE. Future research should be conducted to validate the constructs of this model.
Perbandingan Metode Hierarchical Cluster Analysis untuk Analisis Keragaman Hayati Trypanosoma evansi dari Indonesia Berdasarkan Profil Protein (COMPARISON OF HIERARCHICAL CLUSTER ANALYSIS METHODS FOR BIODIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI
Authors: Subekti Didik Tulus , Yuniarto Ichwan , Sulinawati Sulinawati
Published: April 2018

Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) has long been known to be useful for the analysis of biodiversity of microorganisms based on SDSPAGE protein profile (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). However, varying methods of HCA consequently produce variability of analysis results and interpretations. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate and further determine the most appropriate method which could described the biodiversity based on protein profiles of T.evansi isolates from Indonesia. Eleven isolates of T.evansi from different geographic locations were run on SDS PAGE. Furthermore, SDS PAGE protein profiles from eleven isolates were converted into binary data and analyzed using five different methods of HCA i.e. Average Linkage, Complete Linkage, Single Linkage, Ward Linkage and McQuitty Linkage, respectively.Data were also analyzed by multidimensional scaling (MDS) and densitogram. The analysis showed that the dendrogram constructed with Ward Linkage gives the best results and corresponding with densitogram, MDS and able to describe the geographical origins of isolates.
Taksiran Kerugian Ekonomi Penyakit Kluron Menular (Brucellosis) pada Populasi Ternak di Indonesia (THE ESTIMATION OF ECONOMIC LOSSES CAUSED BY BRUCELLOSIS IN LIVESTOCK POPULATION IN INDONESIA)
Authors: Basri Chaerul , Sumiarto Bambang
Published: April 2018

Brucellosis is one of the constraints in development of animal husbandry in Indonesia and is thought to have a huge economic impact. This study aimed to calculate the national economic losses cause by brucellosis in livestock in Indonesia. The method of calculating the estimated economic losses used two ways, by calculating the direct losses and by calculating the price of economic externalities. Source of secondary data for the calculation derived from scientific publications, government data, expert opinions, market data, and assumptions that are based on expert discussions. The results showed that by the direct calculation method it is estimated the economic losses at approximately Rp. 3,516,401,986,082 per year whilst by the second method the losses is estimated at Rp. 3,637,773,925,000 per year. Both methods of calculation used give relative similar economic losses estimation. The total loss due to brucellosis is estimated to reach 1.8% of the total value of livestock assets in Indonesia.
Identifikasi Gangguan Reproduksi Sapi Betina di Peternakan Rakyat (IDENTIFICATION OF REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN FEMALE CATTLE AT LOCAL FARMS)
Authors: Sutiyono Sutiyono , Samsudewa Daud , Suryawijaya Alam
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research was to determine the female reproductive disorders in cattle reared by local farmers in the Distric of Kaliori, Rembang Regency, Central Java Province. A total of 94 cattle were used, in which had minimal one of each incisors had been replaced. The study used survey methods, and data were collected by interviewing with ranchers, rectal palpation, identification of the incisors, and body condition score of the cattle. In the implementation of the study, cattle were taken to a place determined by the chairman of the group of farmers (field or home page). The parameters of study were unheard of oestrus or not, the amount of artificial insemination, the number of incisors changed, body condition score of each cattle, the feed given, and their maintenance. The data were analyzed using statistical descriptive analysis on the mode, range, and percentage. The results showed that of the 94 cattle, which have disorders of reproductive activity as much as 80. Samples with impaired reproductive activity were divided into three groups. The first group was the old heifers that had no oestrus 25.00%, the second group was cattle that were more than three times applied artificial insemination and had not been pregnant 45.00%, and the third group was cattle that more than three months after the last giving birth had no oestrus 30.00%. The other reproductive disorders that occured in individual of the cattle was inactive ovaries (follicle undeveloped) 2.50%, 6.25% ovary hypofunction, ovarian cystic 1.25%, endometritis 2.50% and 2.50% abnormal uterus. In conclusion, the largest reproductive disorders in cattle caused by nutritional factors that provided by the farmers, and small disturbances due to some diseases and abnormal reproductive organs.
INFLUÊNCIA DO CULTIVO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NAS PERDAS DE SOLO POR EROSÃO HÍDRICA EM CAMBISSOLOS NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Correa Edvania Ap , Moraes Isabel Cristina , Cunha Cenira Maria Lupinacci da , Pinto Sérgio dos Anjos Ferreira
Published: April 2018

Considerando o destaque do estado de São Paulo na produção sucroalcooleira do país, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a interferência do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar nas perdas de solo por erosão hídrica em Cambissolos de textura franco arenosa do leste paulista. Para quantificar as perdas foram utilizadas 4 parcelas de monitoramento, localizadas na bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Monjolo Grande, pertencente à bacia do rio Corumbataí. Para avaliar o vigor vegetativo, foram obtidos valores de NDVI em diferentes estágios de crescimento da cana e em parcelas desprovidas de cobertura vegetal. Ao longo do ano experimental set/2013 a set/2014, a erosividade registrada de 4546,8 MJ/ha/ano foi responsável por perdas totais de 74,03 e 206,53 t ha-1 ano-1 nas duas parcelas de solo exposto e de 49,04 e 84,85 t ha-1 ano-1 nas duas parcelas de cana. A coincidência entre os períodos chuvosos e a ausência de cobertura dos solos na entressafra e estágios iniciais de plantio agrava os processos erosivos. Os maiores teores de areia fina e declives superiores a 12% indicaram maior suscetibilidade erosiva. As condições de limitação hídrica e/ou deficiência nutricional comprometeram o desenvolvimento vegetativo, reduzindo a proteção dos solos. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de adequação das práticas de uso da terra na área de estudo
MICROTOPOGRAFIA E COMPACTAÇÃO DO SOLO EM TRILHAS GEOTURÍSTICAS NO LITORAL DO PARQUE NACIONAL DA SERRA DA BOCAINA – ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Rangel Luana de Almeida , Guerra Antonio José Teixeira
Published: April 2018

Em áreas tropicais úmidas, a erosão hídrica é a grande responsável pela perda de solo. A análise da microtopografia e da compactação dos solos permite inferir áreas que estão sofrendo com processos erosivos. A atividade geoturística, pode ser uma forma de conservação do ambiente natural. Porém, a utilização de trilhas geoturísticas pode acarretar impactos quando não há planejamento e manejo adequados para sua implementação e utilização. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o impacto da utilização de duas trilhas localizadas no litoral do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (PNSB), município de Paraty (RJ). Para isso, foram analisados quatro pontos em duas trilhas no PNSB, sendo realizados monitoramento da microtopografia do solo através do método de pontes de erosão e a avaliação da compactação através da penetrometria. Além disso, foram observados alguns impactos visuais ao longo das trilhas.  Constatou-se que o leito da trilha está sofrendo com o efeito do pisoteio, principalmente em P2 onde a resistência à penetração foi de 29,07 kgf/cm², e com a remoção de sedimentos pela erosão hídrica, principalmente em PE 1, onde a área erodida foi de aproximadamente 0,37m². Há necessidade de readequar o traçado em alguns pontos das trilhas (como em PE 4, onde já existe um atalho criado pelos visitantes), bem como, incorporar matéria orgânica e revegetar as bordas trilha, principalmente no talude superior de PE 2 onde ocorreu movimento de massa.
FORMAÇÕES CONCRECIONÁRIAS E ASPECTOS GENÉTICOS E EVOLUTIVOS DO MACIÇO DO QUINCUNCÁ, PROVÍNCIA BORBOREMA, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Cordeiro Abner Monteiro Nunes , Bastos Frederico de Holanda , Maia Rubson Pinheiro
Published: April 2018

Fragmentos de laterita encontram-se distribuídos na porção setentrional da Província Borborema, constituindo feições residuais de antigo capeamento laterítico, parcialmente dissecado, pelo atual sistema de drenagem, restando apenas alguns testemunhos desconectados. O presente trabalho propõe analisar as diferentes situações nas quais se apresentam as formações lateríticas, permitindo, assim, compreender a gênese dessas formas em função da evolução do contexto geomorfológico regional no qual está inserido, tornando-se referência regional para o estudo do desenvolvimento do modelado. O método empregado para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho consistiu em revisão bibliográfica detalhada sobre condições necessárias para o desenvolvimento de perfis lateríticos, seguido do levantamento de informações geológicas e climáticas, além da interpretação de mapas e trabalhos de reconhecimento de campo. Este permitiu a identificação e análise de perfis lateríticos, possibilitando o entendimento da situação morfológica das formações supergênicas no Maciço do Quincuncá. Atualmente, remanescentes de cobertura laterítica encontram-se no setor setentrional da Bacia do Araripe, sustentando tais feições tabulares no topo de relevos cristalinos. Com base na pesquisa foi proposto modelo de laterização, cujas condições de umidade durante o Paleógeno, superiores às atuais, favoreceram a evolução de perfis de laterita in situ em parte da Província Borborema. A presença da laterita teria favorecido a manutenção de a manutenção de platôs tabulares em torno de 700 m. A progressiva aridificação do clima regional no Neógeno seria responsável pela fragmentação do capeamento laterítico.
Production of Durable High Strength Flowable Mortar Reinforced With Hybrid Fibers
Authors: Dawood Eethar Thanon , Ramli Mahyuddin
Published: April 2018

This study deals with the production of durable high strength flowable mortar (HSFM). Firstly, the optimum percentage of silica fume was determined due to Pozzolanic Activity Index (P.A.I) test. Secondly, the selected mortar reinforced by different percentages of steel fibers or hybrid fibers of  steel fibers , palm fibers and synthetic fibers (Barchip) to prepare HSFM mixes. Such mixes were tested in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, static modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, toughness indices determination, and impact load for all the mixes. Lastly, the effects of seawater exposure on the properties of HSFM have been observed. The results show that the use of 10% silica fume as a partial replacement of cement indicate the best P.A.I. On the other hand, the hybridizations of such fibers enhance the performance of HSFM mixes. In addition, the hybrid fibers reduce the permeability of HSFM leading to significance improvement against seawater exposure.
Effect of freezing-thawing on concrete behavior
Authors: Etman Zeinab A. , Ahmed Tamer I.
Published: April 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of change of temperature (freezing-thawing cycles) on the behavior of the mortar and the concrete. Also, the evaluation of the effect of air entering for improving the durability of the mortar and concrete was discussed. 23 mixes were cast to evaluate the purpose of this study. Cement types (Portland cement and limestone cement), aggregate types (dolomite and gravel), dosages of air entering 0.01, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2% of cement weight and freezing thawing cycles (50, 100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 cycles) were considered. Relative dynamic modules of elasticity which is illustrated the internal cracks growth, durability factor and losses of weight were evaluated. Empirical correlations were formulated. The results showed that; 0.15% air entrained of cement weight improve the durability in term of freezing-thawing; where the durability factor for the mixes was ≥ 85% that exposed to freezing-thawing cycles in range 0-200. Up to 200 cycles of freezing-thawing cycles did not effect on the compressive strength of the mixes and the durability of the mortar and the concrete. It is recommended that more than 300 freezing-thawing cycles must be avoided.
Random Linear Network Coding for 5G Mobile Video Delivery
Authors: Vukobratovic Dejan , Tassi Andrea , Delic Savo , Khirallah Chadi
Published: April 2018

Exponential increase in mobile video delivery will continue with the demand for higher resolution, multi-view and large-scale multicast video services. Novel fifth generation (5G) 3GPP New Radio (NR) standard will bring a number of new opportunities for optimizing video delivery across both 5G core and radio access network. One of the promising approaches for video quality adaptation, throughput enhancement and erasure protection is the use of packet-level random linear network coding (RLNC). In this work, we discuss the integration of RLNC into the 5G NR standard, building upon the ideas and opportunities identified in 4G LTE. We explicitly identify and discuss in detail novel 5G NR features that provide support for RLNC-based video delivery in 5G, thus pointing out to the promising avenues for future research.
Project Management Competences and Sustainable Development in Higher Education: Case Studies from Two Spanish Public Universities
Authors: Cerezo-Narváez Alberto , de los Ríos Carmenado Ignacio , Pastor-Fernández Andrés , Yagüe Blanco José Luis , Otero-Mateo Manuel
Published: April 2018

The paradigm that assumes the autonomous management of universities involves them in the redefinition of their policies and processes and the training of their staff, designing new formulas that allow them to adapt to a changing environment. In this context, research and sustainable universities can link with society to solve its problems and influence a responsible and sustainable development. Through a Delphi panel, importance to acquire and improve project management (PM) competences by teaching and research staff (TRS) into innovating education and research projects is measured, from the standard of individual competences (ICB4) of the International Project Management Association (IPMA). Also, internal data sources from the flexible structures of two Spanish universities (the University of Cadiz (UCA) and the Technical University of Madrid (UPM)), are investigated, in order to analyze how they are organized. Thanks to the study of cases, an increasing tendency to work by projects is observed, empowering teams, managing properly stakeholders and facilitating their functions towards society. Likewise, after two rounds of experts’ consultation, consensus is reached with an acceptable and stable level of responses, resulting in confirmation that there is alignment between IPMA competences and TRS’ needs for sustained success in education and research, contributing to universities’ development, improvement and sustainability.
O desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e a influência do capital social na construção do desenvolvimento local sustentável
Authors: Rocha Clarissa Maria Ramalho Sá , Gadelha Denise Pinto , Almeida Sabrina Ribeiro de
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar reflexões acerca do desenvolvimento local sustentável, incluindo as discussões e contribuições do capital social e das políticas públicas neste ambiente de mudança de paradigma. As políticas públicas no Brasil foram preponderantemente centralizadoras e paternalistas, voltadas ao atendimento dos interesses das pequenas elites. Deixando em segundo plano as políticas públicas voltadas para o social, causando o enfraquecimento na articulação e organização da sociedade civil para reivindicar seus direitos. Todavia, a partir dos anos 1970, influenciado por movimentos internacionais, as políticas no Brasil passam a pensar o social, o meio ambiente e a sustentabilidade. Neste ambiente, novos conceitos passam a ser estudados, como o de capital social e de desenvolvimento local sustentável. O capital social pode ser entendido como um estoque de valores que auxiliam os indivíduos ou um grupo no desenvolvimento e articulação das comunidades. Desta forma, para se construir um desenvolvimento local sustentável, tão importante para a sociedade moderna, que por meio da globalização tem concentrado renda e que ainda usa práticas degradadoras, é necessário aprofundar as discussões a cerca da sustentabilidade, do capital social e das políticas públicas, em um contexto local.
Coordination of state fiscal and monetary policy the in the context of post-conflict recovery
Authors: Polchanov Andrii
Published: April 2018

The article is devoted to the study of fiscal and monetary components of state`s financial policy and their coordination after the completion of hostilities. The urgency of the topic is determined by the need to find an optimal (in terms of economic system) strategy of interaction between the government and the central bank in the conditions of post-conflict recovery. The purpose of the article is to summarize the world experience of formation of fiscal and monetary policy as well as their coordination in order to effectively overcome the consequences of military conflicts. The author analyzes the data on the post-war development of 12 countries that succeeded in restoring their national economies during the first decade after the end of hostilities (Angola, Cambodia, the Republic of Congo, Croatia, Georgia, Indonesia, Liberia, Macedonia, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Tajikistan) As a result, the author discovers a gradual transition from the fixed and regulated exchange rate regime to the floating exchange rate in the long-term perspective, reduction of inflation and interest rates on loans, as well as a gradual increase of GDP and the net inflow of foreign direct investments, while the share of tax revenues and public expenditures in GDP remained stable. On the basis of generalization of the world experience the conclusion was made about the key role of central banks in ensuring economic growth in the context of post-conflict recovery by ensuring price stability and stimulating lending. In addition, the importance of geographic location and availability of natural resources in the restoration of the national economy of some countries was emphasized.
Nitrate removal from aquaculture effluents using woodchip bioreactors improved by adding sulfur granules and crushed seashells
Authors: von Ahnen Mathis , Pedersen Per Bovbjerg , Dalsgaard Johanne
Published: April 2018

This study examined the effects on nitrate removal when adding sulfur granules and crushed seashells to a woodchip bioreactor treating aquaculture effluents. Using a central composite design, the two components were added at three levels (0.000, 0.125 and 0.250 m3/m3 bioreactor volume) to 13 laboratory-scale woodchip bioreactors, and a response surface method was applied to find and model the optimal mixture ratios with respect to reactor performance. Adding 0.125 m3/m3 sulfur granules improved the total N removal rate from 3.27 ± 0.38 to 8.12 ± 0.49 g N/m3/d compared to pure woodchips. Furthermore, the inclusion of crushed seashells together with sulfur granules helped to maintain the pH above 7.4 and prevent a production (i.e., release) of nitrite. According to the modeled response surfaces, a sulfur granule:crushed seashell:woodchip mixture ratio containing about 0.2 m3 sulfur granules and 0.1 m3 crushed seashells per m3 reactor volume would give the best results with respect to high N removal and minimal nitrite release. In conclusion, the study showed that N removal in woodchip bioreactors may be improved by adding sulfur granules and seashells, contributing to the optimization of woodchip performance in treating aquaculture effluents.
On the potential of the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating method in geoarchaeological contexts: an overview of 30 years of investigation in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Duval M.
Published: April 2018

ESR dating is a palaeodosimetric method based on the detection and quantification of the trapped charges accumulated over time in the crystal lattice of some materials due to their exposure to natural radioactivity. Like any chronometric dating methods, ESR has strengths and weaknesses. In particular, whilst the precision achieved with ESR is not as good as that of radiometric methods (e.g. radiocarbon, Ar-Ar or U-Th), it does have the advantage to being able to be used on a wide range of materials, covering thus almost any geological contexts during the last 2.6 Ma. Amongst them, the ESR dating of fossil tooth enamel and optically bleached sedimentary quartz grains are probably the most interesting applications in archaeology. This study mainly aims at showing an updated overview of the potential -and current limitations- of the ESR dating method used in geoarcheological contexts, through a synthesis of the previous studies carried out on various sites of the Iberian Peninsula that have been published over the last 30 years.