bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamification and Augmented Reality to Upgrade Elementary Bilingual Education Students' Health and Engagement
Authors: Ramírez-Verdugo M. Dolores , López Moira
Published: November 2021

Sedentary life-style, obesity, and early school leaving have been identified as major causes leading to the biggest health and educational problems in developed countries. This may derive into students showing a not recommended passive role at these ages, which also leads to their lack of interest and motivation in learning and education. This chapter presents an innovation research project which aims to face sedentariness in elementary school by applying an instructional technology-based model with the use of gamification and augmented reality in a bilingual education context. The case study shows several educational advantages, including increase in physical exercise, health awareness, learning engagement, and upgrade in L2 content understanding and linguistic skills.
The Case for Serious Games in Education
Authors: Denholm John , Lee-Davies Linda
Published: November 2021

The chapter sets the scope, rationale and purpose of the book. It then covers a number of related topics, principally a review of learning theories and considers Bloom's well known learning taxonomy, and at which levels games of the mixed reality genre can be associated. The impact of games and simulations in learning is backed up by evidence from a survey of opinions as to which types of learning raise achievement levels the most. It also introduces the concepts of Experiential Learning (EL), Problem Based Learning (PBL) and Simulation Based Training (SBT) and then considers recent developments in education such as digital games, e-learning, distance and blended learning. It concludes with a review of earlier assessments of the value of games and an introduction to the suggested elements of good design in mixed reality games.
Digital Games for Peace Education
Authors: Durdu Levent
Published: November 2021

Interactive, communicative, and participatory activities contribute to the effectiveness of peace education. The use of games in educational settings is expressed as educational games. From the Oregon Trail to today's highly interactive games, many games have been used to support learning in many subjects. To state it specifically about peace education, the history of digital games for peace education started with My City (1995), supported by UNICEF, continued with games aiming different learning subjects, such as Escape from Woomera (2003), Ayiti (2006), PeaceMaker (2007), Hush (2007) and This War of Mine (2014). The most important contribution of these games in terms of peace education is that individuals gain empathy and perspective. These gains at cognitive and affective domains will contribute to individuals to be more successful in conflict resolution. The games introduced in this chapter are detailed with their pros and cons within the scope of peace education. The researches based on these games are included, and the critical findings of these studies are discussed.
Gamifying Children's Linguistic Intelligence With the Duolingo App
Authors: Fadhli Muhibuddin , Sukirman Sukirman , Ulfa Saida , Susanto Happy , Syam Aldo Redho
Published: November 2021

This chapter discusses the use of Duolingo App to enhance children's linguistic intelligence. Linguistic intelligence is expertise in applying vocabularies effectively and efficiently. Duolingo is an application based on the Android platform which helps children mastering other languages that they can practice speaking, reading, listening, and writing through a play. Children in early childhood are in the period of ‘playing' spontaneously. They will do activities of playing without any instruction from others. The activity of playing naturally will stimulate the aspects of linguistic and symbolic that this development is closely related to learning to speak by involving the ability to vocalize. The use of this application will implement toward gamification method. Gamification uses game-based mechanics, aesthetics, and game thinking to engage people, motivate action, promote learning, and solve problems. This chapter provides an illustration that gamification can be used specifically in stimulating linguistic intelligence based on a case study in Indonesia.
Benefits and Challenges of Using Educational Games
Authors: Misra Rupanada , Eyombo Leo , Phillips Floyd T.
Published: November 2021

In the 21st century, games can potentially be used as serious educational tools. Today's learners are distracted easily, and game-based learning is the silver bullet because it can potentially immerse the students in content and curricula. Not only does game-based learning with its power to engage and motivate users make the course come alive, but it can also provide a platform in critical thinking, creativity, instant feedback, and collaboration. One of the biggest challenges in education is the different learning styles of the students; game-based learning can easily overcome that. Games can be categorized into different genres such as action, adventure, fighting, puzzle, role-playing, simulation, sports, or strategy. Game designers can potentially select the appropriate genre best suited for effective learning. Even with all the advantages of game-based learning, some challenges, such as unwillingness of teachers to change or improper design of educational games, still exist. With students sometimes far ahead in the use of technology, some teachers who are left behind can be intimidated. The conceptual generation gap in this regard is quite wide, and designing, developing, and implementing games in curricula can be expensive. Though some games can be repurposed for education many cannot be repurposed to meet the expectations of the students.
Gamification of Formative Feedback in Language Arts and Mathematics Classrooms
Authors: Chu Man-Wai , Fowler Teresa Anne
Published: November 2021

The use of computer games in education has been increasing in popularity during the past decade. Game-based learning environments are designed to teach specific knowledge content and skill-based learning outcomes using game elements. One main reason for using game-based learning environments is to increase student motivation and engagement while teaching learning outcomes. Many of the game-based learning environments are designed so that students will reach maximum flow, which is defined as students being so completely immersed in that game that they do not notice that they are learning. These learning environments have been shown to improve many behaviour and cognitive learning outcomes. While game-based learning has many benefits, some educational researchers have indicated that it is often very costly to develop a complex game-based assessment to teach a few learning outcomes. Hence, in some cases it is more beneficial to approach the use of computer games in education using gamification.
Barriers to the Use of Games-Based Learning in Pre-School Settings
Authors: Manesis Dionysios
Published: November 2021

The main aim of this research is to investigate how teachers perceive the barriers that limit the adoption and implementation of games-based learning in early childhood education on Cyprus. Teachers are working in public and private pre-schools. A 19-item questionnaire was administered to 148 early childhood teachers in Cyprus (78 public pre-school teachers and 70 private pre-school teachers). Factor analysis reveals three types of barriers to the use of games-based learning in early childhood classroom: lack of confidence, lack of support, and lack of equipment. The higher the teachers' self-efficacy in using digital games is, the lower the level of teachers' perception regarding the barrier lack of confidence becomes. Teachers with no frequent use of computer and digital games in the classroom perceive lack of confidence as a major barrier. Public pre-schools teachers have significantly more positive attitudes toward the usefulness of GBL than private pre-schools teachers.
Designing Curricular Games
Authors: Kellinger Janna Jackson
Published: November 2021

Most teachers only dream of their students spending the amount of motivation, attention, passion, and critical thinking on their classes that some do playing video games. Many teachers have thought “How can I compete with that?” as they confiscate a hand-held gaming device from a student. However, more and more teachers are incorporating video games into their curriculum, instead of banning them. This chapter argues that it is not just video games that can transform teaching, video game techniques can as well. By using video game design principles such as game stories and quests, teachers can restructure their teaching so students do not just learn the curriculum, they experience it. This chapter explores the research on using game-based teaching and learning with the Next Generation including how game-based teaching can be used to achieve 21st century goals as outlined by business leaders within 21st century educational constraints.
Integrating Assessment, Feedback, and Learning Analytics in Educational Games
Authors: Chaudy Yaëlle , Connolly Thomas M.
Published: November 2021

Assessment is a crucial aspect of any teaching and learning process. New tools such as educational games offer promising advantages: they can personalize feedback to students and save educators time by automating the assessment process. However, while many teachers agree that educational games increase motivation, learning, and retention, few are ready to fully trust them as an assessment tool. A likely reason behind this lack of trust is that educational games are distributed as black boxes, unmodifiable by educators and not providing enough insight about the gameplay. This chapter presents three systematic literature reviews looking into the integration of assessment, feedback, and learning analytics in educational games. It then proposes a framework and present a fully developed engine. The engine is used by both developers and educators. Designed to separate game and assessment, it allows teachers to modify the assessment after distribution and visualize gameplay data via a learning analytics dashboard.
Unveiling the Experience of IZTECH
Authors: Akpınar İpek , Can-Traunmüller Işın , Özçam Zeynep , Özkavaf Şenalp Sıla
Published: November 2021

Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), a university campus located in a rural area, establishes a different social and spatial relationship with the city and its immediate surroundings. This chapter focuses on assessing the socio-spatial sustainability of the campus before and during the pandemic, together with the evaluation of UI GreenMetric World University Rankings (GreenMetric). The study has the basis of the content analysis of IZTECH GreenMetric evaluations and a critical review of sustainability issues through questionnaire technique applied to campus users, including administrative, academic staff, and students at IZTECH. The multidimensional survey has been designed to grasp the perspectives of the campus users on the sustainability performance of the campus, and to gather some intangible data on the COVID-19 period and its impacts on the use of campus spaces. In conclusion, this chapter is going to suggest a road map to guide sustainability measures of campuses for more adaptable and resilient solutions under unexpected circumstances.
The Potential Role of Ecoacoustics in the Study of the Coffee Natural Landscape of Colombia
Authors: Martínez-Tabares Fernando , Castellanos-Domínguez Germán , Orozco-Alzate Mauricio
Published: November 2021

In 2011, the Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia (CCLC) was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Several studies have been undertaken to increase its knowledge and promote its conservation and sustainable development; however, there still exists a gap between the knowledge of the visible features of this landscape and the audible ones, which are associated to anthropophonic, geophonic, and, mainly, to biophonic sound-emitting sources. The perception or recording of the audible features in a place has been recently termed as soundscape and is studied by a relatively novel discipline known as ecoacoustics. This chapter is, therefore, aimed to discuss the potential opportunities and challenges of applying ecoacoustic methods—particularly non-negative matrix factorization and acoustic indices—to enrich the study of the CCLC. Essential concepts for both the CCLC and ecoacoustics are also briefly explained, along with an outline of future work directions in short- and long-term perspectives.
The Spine, the New HQ for the Royal College of Physicians, Liverpool, UK
Authors: Hopkins Robert , Edge Stephen Howard
Published: November 2021

This chapter catalogues the working experiences of the architects AHR and their design team and their clients, the Royal College of Physicians, for the design and construction of The Spine, their new Northern HQ, in Liverpool, UK. This iconic building opened in early 2021 and optimistically reflects the ethos and values of the college, and it is set to become one of the healthiest buildings in the world. It will describe and explain the biophilic and salutogenic design construction processes taken by the design team, from commissioning to completion. The main objective for the college when commissioning AHR architects to design their new building was to significantly expand their facilities and to reflect their standing in the world of medicine. So, the AHR design team endeavored to help them attain their goal of a WELL Platinum and the Building Research Establishments Environmental Assessment Methods (BREEAM) Outstanding certification.
Transferring Biophilic and Universal Design Theory to Practice With Learning From Green Buildings
Authors: Doğan Karaman Gülşah , Arslan Selçuk Semra
Published: November 2021

The study aims to guide the assisted living facility (ALF) design, in which biophilic design, which is observed to have positive physiological, psychological, and sociological effects on humans, is observed, and the principle of universal design is accessible and designed for everyone. Since there is no place called a biophilic ALF, the study is supported by a nature-oriented design method called Green Building Rating Tools. Green building certificate systems are explored in terms of biophilic and universal design, and three of the certifications show credits linked to the theories researched. With these certificates, green building certified ALFs located in the same region are selected. With the methodology applied on the case studies of three ALFs that received these certificates, how and where biophilic and universal design patterns can be transferred from theory to practice has been examined. The study observed the extent of 14 biophilic design patterns in ALFs and tabulated how to find each pattern in these facilities according to the methods and places.
Investigating Current Sustainability Issues Through Play and Future Scenarios
Authors: Garip Ervin , Çelik Ceren
Published: November 2021

The concept of sustainability has started to take place in researches in the current period. At present, where urbanization continues rapidly, the idea of sustainability has become a necessity rather than an option. At this point, it is critical to address these current problems in design education. Sustainability should also take its place in design education. Based on these concepts, a studio structure was created at Istanbul Technical University, Department of Interior Architecture with third-year students as participants in 2021. The project is about the scope of sustainability awareness in future scenarios by teaching children the idea of sustainability. The studio proposes future scenarios with play experience and develops the idea by using scenario-based design as a design methodology. Participants were asked to design a play that creates alternatives to discuss sustainability through their works. Using this potential, the studio aimed to convey the importance of environmental sustainability to new generations in future scenarios.
Information Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Al-Nabhani Marwa Sulieman , Al-Suqri Mohammed Nasser
Published: November 2021

In any healthcare crisis, people typically seek out information and news about infections, expert analysis of the situation, government policies, sources of support, and so on. Research on other types of crisis situations have shown how individuals draw on information from official sources, the media, and their own contacts in order to make sense of what is going on, understand the risks, and decide how to respond to the situation at a personal level. This chapter examines what is known about individual information behaviors during a pandemic and the implications of these. The chapter includes consideration of levels, patterns, and changes in information consumption during a pandemic; the links between information consumption and pandemic-related behaviors; information content and messaging styles as tools for achieving pandemic management goals; the role of online information channels in supporting daily life during a pandemic; and technology and access to information in light of the COVID-19 pandemic to support various life activities.
Applying Theoretical Perspectives to Social Media Influencers
Authors: Carbajal Darlene , Ramirez Queen A.
Published: November 2021

This chapter examines how persuasion manifests in online communications from social media influencers to their followers. As the authors explore ways to manage the unprecedented amounts of information and media, they examine influence and communication from social media influencers the LaBrant family and illustrate why people might believe content on the internet without examining the validity of the information. It will demonstrate how theoretical frameworks of media convergence, the narrative paradigm, and six principles of persuasion can be used to comprehend how influencers disseminate information to their followers and utilize persuasive strategies to amass a large following. Further, it will increase our understanding about social media influencers and the cultural shifts shaping our world, and it will increase our understanding of the digital world that many of our students and children are familiar with.
The Application of Social Network Theory During a Pandemic
Authors: Taha Nashrawan , Al-Maskeri Azzah
Published: November 2021

This chapter provides a theoretical overview of social network theory, given the widespread of social media during the COVID-19 outbreak. It mainly focuses on three social network theories (the social capital and structural halls, the strength of weak ties, and the small-world). It gives insights into how different researchers have examined these theories during the pandemics and how they have been used in exchanging and communicating information during pandemics. In addition, it reviews previous research concerning how epidemic propagation often happens based on these theories.
Language Teaching in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Morris Kimberly
Published: November 2021

This chapter examines the experiences of world language (WL) teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, a time that required pedagogical pivots at all levels of the educational landscape. The objectives of this chapter are twofold: 1) to identify the main challenges encountered by WL teachers of different languages at distinct levels and with diverse teaching experience and 2) to highlight the successful practices these educators used to foster language learning during this disruptive time. To explore these goals, a phenomenological study was conducted with 27 WL teachers of Spanish, French, German, Chinese, or Russian in the K-16 context, including pre-service and experienced in-service educators. Thematic analyses of participants' responses for a semi-structured interview and survey revealed five salient themes related to their primary challenges and successes: engagement, community, comprehension, balance, and mental health. The lived experiences articulated by these WL educators have important pedagogical implications for (re)conceptualizing best practices in the future.
Core Practices for World Language Teaching in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Troyan Francis John , Başok Emre , Carr David R.
Published: November 2021

This chapter presents the results of a nationwide questionnaire of world language teachers in the United States (n=135) that sought to examine how they perceived the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their ability to enact certain “core practices” for world language teaching. Quantitative analysis of Likert items and qualitative analysis of open-ended questions allowed for the examination of the teacher's perceptions of their practice related to three core practices that have been identified as essential to the work of contextualized, standards-based instruction. The findings contribute to an understanding of the realities of world language teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, the disruptions created by it, and the challenges faced in carrying out the work of world language teaching. Given these insights, suggestions are made for ways forward for the work in core practices in world language teacher education, as well as for pedagogies for practice-based world language teacher education.
Language Teachers' Sense of Efficacy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Swanson Pete
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 global pandemic quickly changed the educational landscape by adding challenges as teachers had to pivot almost immediately from traditional educational contexts to unfamiliar remote, online environments. In-service world language teachers (N = 497) were surveyed to understand differences in one's sense of efficacy teaching languages before and during the pandemic. Results show stark differences in both contexts. The findings provide manifold implications for world language teacher preparation as well as teacher retention and professional development.
Training Bilingual Interpreters in Healthcare Settings
Authors: Melero-García Fernando
Published: November 2021

This chapter examines students' perceptions of their online learning experience in a healthcare interpreting course as well as their self-efficacy beliefs. The results suggest that teaching presence is essential in online learning, as students indicated that the feedback provided by the instructor were among the most helpful aspects of the course. Additionally, including activities that required learners to interact and collaborate throughout the semester was an effective way of creating social presence. Students specifically perceived that doing peer-evaluations with a classmate on a weekly basis helped them learn and increased their confidence. Regarding self-efficacy beliefs, by the end of the semester students considered that they can meet the requirements established in the National Standards of Practice for Interpreters in Health Care. Overall, a collaborative online environment was successfully created, and learners had a worthwhile learning experience. This study provides meaningful data that can inform future online teaching practices.
Coping With Online Practicum
Authors: Prevratilova Silvie
Published: November 2021

This chapter examines the experience of eight pre-service teachers of Czech as a Second Language both in Spring 2020, when their teaching practicum classes abruptly turned online, and Fall 2020, when online teaching became the “new normal,” and traces how they coped with the new instructional media. The data were collected in two group zoom sessions with a supervisor and two observed lessons with observation sheets and lesson plans, and finally, in a written reflection and a recorded group interview. The teachers identified two main problems: 1) a lack of previous training and experience with online instruction and 2) classroom management specifics related to the nature of online lessons. Peer observation and collaborative tasks emerged as the main coping strategies. Although the teachers adapted to the new situation well, training programs should provide more courses on CALL (computer-assisted language learning) in their curricula in the future.
Reconsidering Teacher Presence and Community Building in an Online ESOL College Composition Course During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: McGuire Mark A. , Weng Zhenjie , Macbeth Karen P.
Published: November 2021

The pandemic of 2019 exposed considerable weaknesses in how teachers were present and communities were built in asynchronous, international, online ESOL composition classrooms. Although teachers put more time into their courses, students still felt disconnected from their educational experience. This study, through student surveys and teacher reflections, followed two teachers who devised innovative solutions to actively do “being present” as teachers and to thereby more compellingly draw students into the community-building process despite the limitations of the online space amidst an international crisis. Included are recommendations about specific ways to challenge traditional online instructional methods, to allow and promote student agency through unstructured and semi-structured activities, to create connections via strategic vulnerability, and more. Also discussed are key concepts for future research and general conclusions about the need for such teacher adaptability and the lessons from it, both for during the pandemic and beyond it.
The Ostrich Community Internet-Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Program for Distress Related to Carrying Debt
Authors: Dubrow-Marshall Linda , Smail Dawn Rebecca
Published: November 2021

Many individuals struggling with debt will experience associated psychological stress that negatively impacts both their physical and psychological health. People in debt may be too ashamed to participate in support groups or to seek face-to-face therapy but may welcome the more anonymous help that can be made available through an internet-based therapeutic intervention. The Ostrich community internet-cognitive behavioural therapy program was specifically designed to assist individuals with distress related to carrying debt, facilitating them to move out of denial of their financial problems to managing stress symptoms and mobilizing them to be able to cope more effectively with the financial problems. Preliminary outcome studies have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach and its effectiveness.
“Ihsanic” Philosophy as an Alternative to Social Justice
Authors: Chowdhury Jahid Siraz , Wahab Haris Abd , Saad Rashid M. , Roy Parimal
Published: November 2021

This chapter argues that Rawlsian social justice fails to ensure property rights for Indigenous people in the Bangladesh context. Explaining from an Indigenous standpoint paradigm (IRP) in bioprospecting (commercial use of plant materials) research among the Rakhain community, the authors conclude that non-Western utilitarian justice rather Ihsan (good deed for good deed, good acts for good acts) is a probable solution for minimizing the majority-minority tensions, establishing the rights of marginal people, and reaching SDGs in subsequent decades. Despite a rural, remote, and minority context, the appeal remains global as the bioprospecting is neither a national nor regional but a historical and global phenomenon and needs immediate policy, either attention or action or both.
Improving Organizational Commitment to Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging
Authors: El-Amin Abeni
Published: November 2021

This chapter aims to provide useful information about the implementation of diversity equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) to improve organizational performance. This chapter provides a conceptual framework for organizational leaders who desire additional awareness and knowledge regarding the nature, extent, and impact of diverse employees' barriers. Further, the purpose of this endeavor is to demonstrate that the persistent lack of recruitment, promotion, and retention of diverse employees is due to systemic, structural, organizational, institutional, cultural, and societal obstacles. Further, the theory of generative interactions (TGI) supports how obstacles must be acknowledged and eliminated through increased awareness of the issues linked to evidence-based, data-driven approaches leading to measurable key process indicators (KPIs) and outcomes. To support DEIB initiatives, many organizations have developed the Chief Diversity Officer (CDO) position to manage the process, eliminate barriers, and proactively strengthen organizational culture.
A Solution Focused Consideration of Cyberchondria
Authors: Holyoake Dean-David , Z Goldschmied Anita
Published: November 2021

In this chapter, the authors consider the digital space and its technologically enabling effects on clients suffering from cyberchondria. Anonymised accounts are used to explore how, in the digital space of cyberchondria, rational people like Paul, Simon, and Tracy are broken down into assembly of compulsive behaviours and anxiety, always with an escalating nature. Using solution focused techniques like ‘the miracle question', ‘exception seeking', ‘problem free talk', and ‘detailing scales', the authors share their experiences of the murder and snake oil that is cyberchondria. They review how the literal and hypothetical ideals of solution focused practice offer new perspectives to the treatment of cyberchondria as clients require not logic but hope to retake control of their post-cyberchondria recovery.
Cyberchondria During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chaudhury Suprakash , Dhamija Sana
Published: November 2021

Many factors govern the behavior pertaining to anxiety regarding health – it may be stressors, triggers, adverse situations faced by people. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, health-related anxiety has been widespread. December 2019 saw the occurrence of a form of pneumonia, not known at that time, from the Wuhan region of China to rapidly proceed into a worldwide pandemic and lockdown. This disrupted normal life across the globe and affected social and economic functioning. Cyberchondria has been one of the coping strategies seen during this time, pertaining to online health-related searches which offer answers and relief as seen at the surface but also bringing a plethora of mental health challenges. The authors in this chapter try to simplify what exactly cyberchondria is and how has it affected the lives of the worldwide population during the COVID-19 crisis, the biggest pandemic of recent times. The origin, development, and prevalence of the concept, along with coping, treatment, and prevention of the condition are discussed.
Health Journalism and Representation of Campaign News of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Patients
Authors: Tuncel Işık
Published: November 2021

Health information in all forms and developments from media must benefit public health. The prime responsibility is to spread the correct information in a clear and simple way. The purpose of this study includes the evaluation of campaigns published in the Turkish press under expressions that were used specifically for reporting on spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients, such as “be hopeful” and “running out of time.” Discourse analysis method in the context of health journalism was used within a framework of ethical principles. In the context of this study, the discourse of language published—that is, news created by health journalists during treatment processes of SMA patients and their families—was also examined. This study was conducted in order to increase awareness of health correspondents and is informed by a basic principle of “first do no harm” to public health, consistent with medical professionals.
Nationalism and Populism as the Driving Forces of Economic Deglobalization, Regionalism, and Localism Processes
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: November 2021

The aim of this chapter is to analyze nationalism and populism as the driving forces of economic deglobalization processes and regionalism. The analysis departs from the assumption that the economic deglobalization processes respond to more complex dynamic forces created by the economic, financial, and the most recent sanitary crisis that blocks the continuity of economic globalization. Moreover, at the center of the analysis is the conceptualization that both globalization and deglobalization are two faces of the same coin, but with opposite driving forces. These driving forces of deglobalization lead to regional and more local solutions to economic growth and social and environmental problems.
The New Face of Global Trade in a Post-Pandemic World
Authors: Khan Muhammad Irfan , Zaman Syed Imran
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised serious questions about the applicability of international trade theories. International trade has now changed its shape due to this novel coronavirus. It is a fact that no country in the world follows one trade theory. They use multiple theories for their goods and services and will continue to do so. The future of international trade theories is suspected as to which theory will be employed or any new theory of international trade will emerge. Empirical evidence illustrates the emergence of regionalization as compared to globalization. In this context, trade theories will also adjust their forms and assumptions. Therefore, this chapter reconciles international trade theories with actual data, most notably COVID-19.
An Exploratory Study on Personal Finance in the Context of COVID-19
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: November 2021

The world is currently experiencing a dramatic crisis that has not yet reached bottom. In Mexico, in the second quarter of 2020, there was a drop in the gross domestic product of 18.9% compared to the same quarter of 2019. In this context, the objective is to identify types of personal expenses in households located in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico as of July 15, 2020. The main results were that most of the respondents' budgets spend according to their income, have had no problem paying their bank loans on time, would consider a fund for future contingencies, have not purchased health insurance, have not bought a computer or cell phone, among other issues analyzed. The main findings are oriented to the fact that the studied population has not acquired additional medical insurance despite the pandemic. It is also concluded that the population under study has become aware of having savings for contingency funds and that digital life still shows resistance in making personal financial decisions.
Conditions of Network Engagement
Authors: Trengereid Veronika
Published: November 2021

There is growing research interest in innovation network dynamics. Based on an explorative case study of a regional innovation network for the tourism industry, this chapter contributes to a better understanding of network engagement as a dynamic and social construct. By following the microfoundational trend, the chapter anchors the concept of engagement at a lower level in order to increase the depth of understanding of the conditions of network engagement. As there are many different notions of engagement, the chapters start by providing an overview of the different notions of engagement in innovation and network literature. Then, inspired by the critical incident technique, a narrative presents the findings, showing the dynamic and social aspect of network engagement, followed by a discussion of the conditions of network engagement and theoretical contributions.
Wellness Tourism Experience on the Rise Post COVID
Authors: Hekmat Nasim , Ramazanova Makhabbat , Marques Jorge , Quintela Joana Alegria
Published: November 2021

This chapter synthesizes the emergence of the growing wellness tourism segment in an era of post-COVID-19 travel when consumer mentality has been radically changed and shifted towards different needs. This includes any activity that allows tourists to work on themselves mentally or physically and present several considerations and recommendations for the wellness industry to take full advantage of tourism opportunities moving forward. It aims to help understand consumer behaviour and preferences by predicting wellness tourism trends and developments, acknowledging the gaps in the research available for understanding wellness tourism post covid and reflecting the experience economy perspective in the sector. A research method was developed, including a literature review and survey application to potential wellness tourists. Discussion of results is provided, along with main conclusions, allowing the identification of trends and development measures to help improve wellness tourism in a post-COVID era.
They Won't Teach You This in School
Authors: Sánchez Daniela Edith , Villarreal Arizpe Karla Alejandra , Torres Fidel H. , Dávila-García Mirna E. , Mesías-Gámez Betzabe Irene , Morón-Mosso Jesús Antonio , García Escandón Miranda Daniela , GarzaVara-Stringel Daniela , Alvarez Bella Gabriela , Lopez Mildred , Segura-Azuara Nancy de los Angeles
Published: November 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has shown growing global morbidity, thus becoming a public health priority. In 2017, approximately 425 million people suffered from diabetes, and it is estimated that by 2045 the number will increase to 629 million. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), with 90% of reported cases, is the most common type and is followed by type 1. In 2018, 8.6 million people over 20 years of age were diagnosed with diabetes in Mexico. This represents 10.6% of the population. In some states with a higher incidence such as Nuevo León, it is estimated that 12.6% of the population above 20 years has been diagnosed with DM. This chapter seeks to inform about type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, its way of acting and complications that it entails, and how social media can be advantageous in patient education.
Teaching Circular Economy and Lean Management in a Learning Factory
Authors: Gento Angel M. , Pimentel Carina , Pascual Jose A.
Published: November 2021

Traditionally, industries followed a linear process of resources consumption: taking raw materials from nature, transforming them into products, and selling them to consumers (who discarded them when they were no longer useful). Nowadays, due to the sustainable development concerns, there is an increasing awareness on the society for reuse, repair, recycling, and remanufacturing to avoid resource depletion and achieve waste reduction. Following this idea, with the aim to train students and practitioners in lean manufacturing and circular economy concepts and tools, a learning process organized in three sequential phases was developed, starting with the manufacture of a toy car (25 kg and over 100 pieces) using a traditional push system, then reengineering the process to implement pull system and lean manufacturing concepts, and finally, considering a circular economy pull system through the reuse and recycling of parts and components. In this way, the importance of reducing waste in manufacturing and the reduction in the use of raw materials by considering the 3Rs is highlighted.
COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on Brazilian Postgraduate Research
Authors: Uébe-Mansur Andre Fernando , Rôças Giselle , Braga Eduardo dos Santos de Oliveira , Jesus Neila Ferreira da Silva , Martins Lohaine Miguez
Published: November 2021

The education area is being deeply affected by COVID-19, and Brazilian students are trying to adapt. This chapter aims to research how postgraduate students are dealing with the challenges of the pandemic. From the following research question, “How did COVID-19 impact different dimensions of students´ lives enrolled at master and doctorate programmes?” the chapter describes the challenges that students from Master and Doctorate programmes of two federal institutes are dealing with and the future perspectives in the context of the pandemic. The research methodology is based on an exploratory approach, grounded on a survey for data regarding the impacts of COVID-19 in three dimensions: private life, professional life, and academic life, aiming to understand if and how their research and educational products development were affected. The results show that, despite stress and efforts, the students could adapt their research for the pandemic situation.
An Examination of Literacy and Computer Literacy Amongst Adults Who Are Incarcerated
Authors: Yi Julia J.
Published: November 2021

In this study, the relationships between literacy, computer experience, and age among and between the general (i.e., "household") and prison samples were examined using the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies. Literacy scores and computer experiences were significantly lower (p < .001) for the prison sample than for the household sample. There were significant differences in the mean literacy scores between the household and prison samples for those with no computer experience, t(2048) = -3.58, p < .01 and for those with computer experience, t(7721) = 8.99, p < .01. Computer experience predicted literacy proficiency across both samples (R-squared = .10, SE = .01, p < .01). Lastly, there was an inverse relationship between age and computer experience, with a widening gap between the household and prison samples as age increased. The inequalities in the essential skills of print and computer literacy between the general and prison populations are concerning and indicate a need for literacy and computer education in prisons.
The Value of Data-Driven and Human-Centered Approaches in Legal Technology Startups
Authors: Liu Yi-sheng
Published: November 2021

Through interviews, this research investigated the business logic of two legal technology (legal tech) startup companies and revealed the crucial value of human-centered thinking for technological innovation. In this research, the social values of technological innovation are described from the humanistic perspective. Based on the practical achievements of the companies, a new humanistic dimension was verified, which involved combining technological innovation and a human-centered path and adopting altruistic thinking, which was of great value in traditional thinking. Such practice contributed to the companies' achievements and carried profound significance to artificial intelligence (AI) development in the age of big data. Moreover, incorporating human-centered into businesses is crucial in controlling the use of AI to prevent the possible social destruction caused by AI applications. This research maintains that an approach combining data-driven and human-centered thinking is based on technological advances and social influences.
Socially-Responsible Target Marketing and Marketing Communications
Authors: Mandal Pratap Chandra
Published: November 2021

Companies are in business to generate revenues and profits and achieve business excellence. Now-a-days, companies are becoming sensitive towards their social responsibilities of ensuring not only consumer welfare but also the welfare of all stakeholders including the society at large. Companies do target marketing and marketing communications to communicate about their offerings to target markets. They adopt socially responsible target marketing, marketing communications, and advertising campaigns. Various issues in advertising campaigns include deceptive advertising, and unethical practices in fashion advertising and in cosmetics industry. Companies adopt advertising campaigns for social causes, socially responsible sales promotion, and personal selling. Companies should ensure consumer privacy, safety, and security. Various stakeholders want to be assured that businesses care about their welfare. Businesses should ensure consumer welfare and welfare of the society at large. This will allow them to achieve business excellence and stay ahead in the competition.
Tourism Special Economic Zone
Authors: Prabawani Bulan , Purnaweni Hartuti , Kismartini Kismartini , Hapsari Nurul Retno
Published: November 2021

Tanjung Kelayang is a tourism special economic zones (SEZ) established in Belitung regency, Indonesia, as an alternative and sustainable income to the community after the decline of tin mining. The TSEZ is focusing on rural and heritage tourism although mining activities are actively and continuously conducted. SEZs have been successful in some countries; however, India, China, and African countries have experienced less success in several aspects. The TSEZ offers some benefits but is vulnerable to external shock, since it was not developed based on a comprehensive design, and is associated with horizontal conflicts. This study reviewed Tanjung Kelayang's TSEZ policy based on SEZ implementation in various countries as a comparative study by adjusting the context of the phenomena occurring in Tanjung Kelayang. This research produced a review related to the TSEZ’s design, facilities, rules and regulations, also efforts to overcome horizontal conflicts.
Sustainable Analysis of Process Parameters During MIG Welding of 1018 Mild Steel
Authors: Mandal Indranil , Paul Thia , Sen Shibam , Biswas Sourav , Chakraborty Subhaditya , Dey Sabyasachi
Published: November 2021

The present work analyses MIG in terms of strength and consumption of energy during joining of similar AISI 1018 Mild Steel plates. Sustainable manufacturing is the creation of various manufactured products that generally use different processes that will minimize negative impact on environment, conserve natural resources and energy, are also safe for the employees, consumers and communities as well as economically sound. Sustainable manufacturing highlights on the necessity of an energy effective process that optimize consumption of energy. AISI 1018 mild steel is extensively used in automotive industries for pins, worms, dowels gears, non-critical tool components etc. Main important output responses are Tensile Strength and energy consumption during MIG Welding Process by taking Current, Travel Speed and Voltage as effective input variables. The main objective is to optimize energy consumption as well as tensile strength also determination of main influential process parameters on energy Consumption and tensile strength by using Taguchi Method. Contour plot has been also shown.
End-User Perceptions on Information Security
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg Shandre Kim
Published: November 2021

Information is a vital asset needed by many organizations to function effectively. However, this asset can easily be compromised thus its protection is crucial to the efficacy of an organization. A common information security breach used is social engineering. Social engineering is the use of manipulative and deceptive techniques against the inherent nature of human beings to access sensitive and confidential information to achieve an illicit action or omission of action. Through a qualitative inquiry, this article investigated the perceptions of employees concerning social engineering in the workplace to extract practical lessons from local businesses located in Gauteng Province, South Africa.The findings confirm that human beings should be at the forefront of defense against social engineering attacks and advocates for a multi-inter-trans-disciplinary social engineering protection model to practically assist organizations in developing a healthy and effective information security culture.