bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precision quality control: a dynamic model for risk-based analysis of analytical quality
Authors: Schmidt Robert L. , Moore Ryleigh A. , Walker Brandon S. , Rudolf Joseph W.
Published: January 2023

Objectives

There is continuing pressure to improve the cost effectiveness of quality control (QC) for clinical laboratory testing. Risk-based approaches are promising but recent research has uncovered problems in some common methods. There is a need for improvements in risk-based methods for quality control.

Methods

We provide an overview of a dynamic model for assay behavior. We demonstrate the practical application of the model using simulation and compare the performance of simple Shewhart QC monitoring against Westgard rules. We also demonstrate the utility of trade-off curves for analysis of QC performance.

Results

Westgard rules outperform simple Shewhart control over a narrow range of the trade-off curve of false-positive and false negative risk. The risk trade-off can be visualized in terms of risk, risk vs. cost, or in terms of cost. Risk trade-off curves can be “smoothed” by log transformation.

Conclusions

Dynamic risk-models may provide advantages relative to static models for risk-based QC analysis.
Problems of children’s involvement in interpreter-mediated meetings between their teachers and their parents
Authors: Baraldi Claudio , Ceccoli Federica
Published: January 2023

This paper focuses on six interpreter-mediated interactions between teachers, migrant parents, and their children in Italian primary schools, a topic that has not yet been widely examined in the literature on public service interpreting. The analysis draws on audio-recorded interpreter-mediated interactions collected in Italy during a European Horizon 2020 project. The paper shows the barriers that exist in engaging children in these interactions. The difficulties observed are varied and more challenging to overcome than those hindering parental involvement. While Childhood Studies shows that the important enhancement of children’s agency in social contexts needs particular non-hierarchical structures of interaction, in the analysed interpreter-mediated interactions the mutual positioning of teachers, parents and mediators does not allow this enhancement. Thus, the involved children stay silent, they provide minimal responses when addressed, they show feelings of distress, and their few initiatives are not supported by the other participants. The paper shows the reasons for the failure of both teachers’ actions and mediators’ coordination to involve children and support their exercise of agency.
Sediment provenance in the Northern South China Sea since the Late Miocene
Authors: Hu Zhe , Huang Baoqi , Geng Li , Wang Na
Published: January 2023

The timing of the onset of Taiwan sediment input to the northern South China Sea (SCS) is still controversial even though many provenance proxies had been used. To analyze the change of Taiwan input since the Late Miocene (11.63–0 Ma), we applied the major-element-based proxies R
AK and R
KCN, combined with the published clay mineral and Sr–Nd isotope data, to study the sediment provenance near the northern SCS slope. The results show that significant Taiwan sediment input began at ∼6.5 Ma in the Late Miocene, consistent with the timing of Taiwan uplift. Moreover, Pearl River input increased after ∼3.6 Ma, corresponding to the sea level fall caused by the ice sheet expansion in the Northern Hemisphere. The Taiwan input increased during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT, 1.25–0.7 Ma) because of the Northern Pacific Intermediate Water expansion. After the MPT, the Pearl River input re-increased in response to the lowered sea level in glacials. In general, tectonic activities such as the Taiwan uplift control the sediment provenance in the northern SCS from 6.5 to 3.6 Ma. After 3.6 Ma, as the weathering regime of Taiwan sediment became more stable, climate change became a more important factor in influencing sediment provenance.
The catalytic characteristics of 2-methylnaphthalene acylation with AlCl3 immobilized on Hβ as Lewis acid catalyst
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Jin Haibo , Mao Xuefeng , He Guangxiang , Li Junfang , Yan Zihao , Hu Fating , Ma Lei , Guo Xiaoyan , Yang Suohe
Published: January 2023

The heterogeneous supported Lewis acid catalyst prepared by immobilization technology has high reaction activity. It is an environment-friendly catalyst. Using Lewis acid immobilized as the catalyst, 2-methyl-6-propionyl naphthalene is synthesized by Friedel–Crafts reaction with 2-methylnaphthalene and propionic anhydride, which has a good development prospect. A variety of AlCl3 catalysts supported by H-zeolite molecular sieves are prepared using the solvent reflux method in the paper. It is found that AlCl3/Hβ has better catalytic performance. The results showed that AlCl3/Hβ catalyst is mainly composed of L acid. The acid content of B acid and the specific surface area increase, and the pore volume and pore size decreases. With the increase in AlCl3 concentration, the acid content of strong acid, medium strong acid, and weak acid increases, but the solubility of AlCl3 in CHCl3 is limited. When the concentration of AlCl3 is too high, too much AlCl3 is deposited on the surface of the molecular sieve, which is useless to its binding with Si–OH. AlCl3/Hβ’s activity is higher when the concentration of AlCl3 is 3 g·L−1, and the solvent is refluxed for 8 h and calcined at 550°C for 3 h. Under these conditions, the conversion of 2-methylnaphthalene is 85.86%, and the yield of β,β-methyl propyl naphthalene is increased to 81.19%.
Current situation of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in a county hospital chest pain center during an epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
Authors: Li Feng , Luo Rong , Wang Xiao-Ting , Jia Jun-Feng , Yu Xue-Ying
Published: January 2023

Our object was to examine how the pre- and post-pandemic COVID-19 impacted the care of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in county hospitals. Using January 20, 2020, as the time point for the control of a unique coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in Jieshou, 272 acute STEMI patients were separated into pre-epidemic (group A, n = 130) and epidemic (group B, n = 142). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of mode of arrival, symptom onset-to-first medical contact time, door-to-needle time, door-to-balloon time, maximum hypersensitive cardiac troponin I levels, and in-hospital adverse events (P > 0.05). Emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was much less common in group B (57.7%) compared to group A (72.3%) (P = 0.012), and the proportion of reperfusion treatment with thrombolysis was 30.3% in group B compared to 13.1% in group A (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥76 years, admission NT-proBNP levels ≥3,018 pg/ml, and combined cardiogenic shock were independent risk factors for death. Compared with thrombolytic therapy, emergency PCI treatment further reduced the risk of death in STEMI. In conclusion, the county hospitals treated more acute STEMI with thrombolysis during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Anticancer potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a battery of in vitro tests
Authors: Alafaleq Nouf Omar , Alomari Alya , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Shaik Gouse M. , Hussain Afzal , Ahmed Faheem , Hassan Iftekhar , M. Alhazza Ibrahim , Alokail Majed S. , Alenad Amal Majed H. , Jabir Nasimudeen R. , Tabrez Shams
Published: January 2023

This study synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a facile microwave-assisted chemical route and evaluated them as potential anticancer candidates against breast and colon cancer cell lines. Numerous spectral characterization tools were used to study the optical properties, structure, and morphology of the prepared AuNPs. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a characteristic peak at 517 nm, which confirms the formation of AuNPs. The crystalline structure of NPs was studied by X-ray diffraction, and the NPs’ shape and size were calculated with Field emission transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized AuNPs were found to be uniform in size in the range of 2–6 nm. A variety of biological tests, including MTT, scratch, real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and comet assays were adopted to assess the anticancer potential of these AuNPs in the studied cancer cell models. The findings suggested a cell-dependent cytotoxicity of AuNPs. Different cell viability of 40.3 and 66.4% were obtained for MCF-7 and HCT-116, respectively, at 5 µg/mL of AuNPs. The scratch assay showed AuNPs impede cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner in the MCF-7 cell line. On the other hand, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of apoptotic (p53, Bax, and caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (BCl-2) genes revealed upregulation and downregulation of these genes, respectively, probably leading to its cytotoxicity. At 5 µg/mL concentration of AuNPs, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was found to be increased by 26.4 and 42.7%, respectively, in MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells. Similarly, comet assay demonstrated AuNPs induced DNA damage in the studied cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that the observed anticancer efficacy of AuNPs was driven by ROS generation. The synthesized AuNPs appeared to be a promising therapeutic against cancer cells. However, our in vitro data need to be confirmed and validated in ex vivo and in vivo models so that this NP can be further exploited for human use.
Best selected forecasting models for COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fayomi Aisha , Nasir Jamal Abdul , Algarni Ali , Rasool Muhammad Shoaib , Jamal Farrukh , Chesneau Christophe
Published: January 2023

This study sought to identify the most accurate forecasting models for COVID-19-confirmed cases, deaths, and recovered patients in Pakistan. For COVID-19, time series data are available from 16 April to 15 August 2021 from the Ministry of National Health Services Regulation and Coordination’s health advice portal. Descriptive as well as time series models, autoregressive integrated moving average, exponential smoothing models (Brown, Holt, and Winters), neural networks, and Error, Trend, Seasonal (ETS) models were applied. The analysis was carried out using the R coding language. The descriptive analysis shows that the average number of confirmed cases, COVID-19-related deaths, and recovered patients reported each day were 2,916, 69.43, and 2,772, respectively. The highest number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and fatalities per day, however, were recorded on April 17, 2021 and April 27, 2021, respectively. ETS (M, N, M), neural network, nonlinear autoregressive (NNAR) (3, 1, 2), and NNAR (8, 1, 4) forecasting models were found to be the best among all other competing models for the reported confirmed cases, deaths, and recovered patients, respectively. COVID-19-confirmed outbreaks, deaths, and recovered patients were predicted to rise on average by around 0.75, 5.08, and 19.11% daily. These statistical results will serve as a guide for disease management and control.
TFA als persistentes Abbauprodukt fluorierter Kohlenwasserstoffe
Authors: Behringer David
Published: January 2023

Die hochmobile und stark persistente Trifluoressigsäure (TFA) ist ein Abbauprodukt vieler fluorierter Kohlenwasserstoffe, die insbesondere als Kältemittel eingesetzt werden. TFA reichert sich als Trifluoracetat in steigender Konzentration in Grund- und Trinkwasser an. Da mögliche negative Folgen einer dauerhaften Exposition zunehmender Mengen an Trifluoracetat für Mensch und Umwelt nicht hinreichend bekannt sind, sollte der Einsatz TFA-bildender Kohlenwasserstoffe umgehend unterbunden werden.
Renaturierung von Still- und Fließgewässern zum Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit
Authors: Zerbe Stefan
Published: January 2023

Die Renaturierung von Ökosystemen ist spätestens mit der Proklamation der „Dekade der Ökosystemrenaturierung 2021-2030“ durch die UN auf die globale Umweltagenda gekommen. Eine Herausforderung der nahen Zukunft wird es sein, die Oberflächengewässer und das Grundwasser dahingehend in ihren ökologischen Funktionen und Leistungen aufzuwerten, dass diese in vollem Umfang ihre positiven Wirkungen auf die physische und psychische Gesundheit des Menschen entfalten können.
Zero Water Day: seizing the opportunity from a public health perspective
Authors: Fisher Julian , Kalin Robert M. , Krebs Jan , Buijs Goof , Roy Aparna , Wille Christina , Buse Kent
Published: January 2023

Water is a finite natural resource. Zero Water Day(s) scenarios are challenging people and communities in Europe and worldwide. The public health community must seize the opportunity to prepare for Zero Water Day(s) through strengthening capacity and capability to respond to rapidly emerging emergencies as well as protected crises. Collaboration across sectors on water conservation and public health is key to tackling the consumptive environment and extractive economic systems.
Volatility and dependence in cryptocurrency and financial markets: a copula approach
Authors: Liu Jinan , Serletis Apostolos
Published: January 2023

We use a semiparametric GARCH-in-Mean copula model to examine the volatility dynamics and tail dependence between cryptocurrency markets and financial markets. We do not find any statistically significant tail dependence between the financial and cryptocurrency markets, but we find lower tail dependence between Bitcoin and stock returns. There is lower tail dependence among Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin, and the lower tail dependence between Ethereum and Litecoin returns is the strongest. The GARCH-in-Mean model shows that the uncertainty effect on cryptocurrency returns is not statistically significant, while uncertainty has a negative and statistically significant effect on Bitcoin returns. The fact that there is no tail dependence between cryptocurrency and the interest rate or the effective exchange rate of U.S. dollar suggests that cryptocurrency could offer safe haven, defined as an asset that is uncorrelated with stocks and bonds.
Do digital information and communication technologies in social work practice increase the quality and effectiveness of work?
Authors: Tóth Larissza , Jávor Rebeka
Published: January 2023

The objective of this paper is to familiarize readers with the contemporary questions and issues of ICTs in social work practice in Hungary. Exploring the question includes the ethical dilemmas involved, as well as potential answers to the following questions: How often do professionals use IT tools during their work? What tools do they use? How do clients accept these? Do professionals think it is necessary to develop their IT competencies? In addition to a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the data, comparative analyses were also conducted according to age groups, place of living and specialty areas.

The article was received: 21. 10. 2022., revised: 14. 11. 2022., accepted: 27. 12. 2022.
30 ANOS DE CALL NO BRASIL
Authors: Dos Reis Susana Cristina
Published: January 2023

Este artigo é uma pesquisa de síntese, com base em um mapeamento bibliográfico feito em publicações acadêmicas selecionadas em periódicos acadêmicos e dissertações produzidas no contexto brasileiro durante o período de 2019 a 2022. Por meio desse estudo de revisão sistemática, busco triangular os dados obtidos com as produções de um renomado pesquisador ativo na área de CALL, o Professor Dr. Vilson Leffa. Os resultados analisados evidenciam os temas prioritários em discussão na atual agenda de pesquisa em CALL, incluindo ainda a produção de material didático digital e o uso de jogos em práticas de ensino de línguas. Tais temas foram identificados pela análise da revisão sistemática e comparados com as produções de Leffa, o qual neste estudo homenageamos por suas ricas e inspiradoras produções feitas ao longo de sua carreira acadêmica à área de CALL.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN DIDACTIC SEQUENCES FOR TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING WITH CHILDREN
Authors: Reichert Assunção Tonelli Juliana , Andrelo Rao Isabela , Vidotti dos Santos Leticia
Published: January 2023

Neste artigo, investigamos o contexto de Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), enfocando a formação inicial de professoras na prática supervisionada de estágio (FERREIRA; TONELLI, 2021; SANTOS; TONELLI, 2021) e ensino e aprendizagem em uma sala de aula de língua inglesa com crianças (LIC). Assim, embasando-nos na perspectiva teórico-metodológica do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD) (BRONCKART, 2007; MACHADO; BRONCKART, 2009), propusemos a planificação colaborativa e a implementação de duas sequências didáticas (SD) para o ensino de gêneros textuais com crianças no período de ERE. Discutimos em quais aspectos as atividades mediadas por tecnologias digitais no dispositivo SD contribuíram para a formação inicial docente e para o ensino de LIC. Com esse intuito, conduzimos análises textuais de excertos de transcrições de momentos de planejamento e aplicação das SD. Como resultados, depreendemos que a elaboração e a implementação das SD podem ser consideradas fontes propulsoras para desenvolvimento docente e aprendizagem de LIC para e na sala de aula.
CIÊNCIA ABERTA E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO ABERTA
Authors: Esteves de Lima Lopes Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

Este ensaio tem por objetivo refletir sobre a relação entre a Ciência Aberta e a Educação Aberta. Advogo em favor de um modelo o qual produtos resultantes da nova cultura científica proposta pela Ciência Aberta devem ser considerados Recursos Educacionais Abertos, assim ajudando a transformar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Estes estariam baseados em ações de pesquisa, que incluiriam diferentes segmentos da sociedade, além de saberes e conhecimentos locais. Por conseguinte, tal transformação teria consequências para a formação de professores e das práticas pedagógicas no ensino de línguas. Inicia-se o artigo com uma discussão sobre as motivações deste trabalho, discutindo-se, então, as principais características da Ciência Aberta e seu potencial de contribuições para a Linguística Aplicada.
LETRAMENTO DIGITAL DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUAS
Authors: Lacerda Rabello Cíntia Regina , Da Silva Cardoso Janaína
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo discute a necessidade de os cursos de formação inicial de professores de línguas incluírem a integração das tecnologias digitais e o desenvolvimento do letramento digital dos licenciandos em Letras em seus currículos. Em seguida, apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisas-ação realizadas com base em duas disciplinas optativas voltadas para esse fim em duas universidades públicas no Rio de Janeiro.  Apesar dos resultados positivos em relação às contribuições das disciplinas para o letramento digital dos licenciandos, compreendemos que essa formação não deve estar restrita à oferta de disciplinas isoladas e optativas, como apontado por Marzani e Leffa (2013), mas permear toda a formação dos professores de línguas.
"UMA ESPIADINHA NA VIDA DE VILSON LEFFA”
Authors: Da Silva Kleber Aparecido , De Oliveira Penna Silvia Maria , Soares Castelo Branco Ademar
Published: January 2023

Esta entrevista (re)construída a partir da produção acadêmica de Vilson Leffa apresenta e problematiza o ensino e aprendizagem de línguas/linguagens mediados por tecnologias digitais e tece reflexões críticas acerca da formação de professores da área na era da cultura digital. O artigo nos convida a dar uma espiadinha na vida de Leffa, por meio da seguinte provocação: “Como a Educação Linguística e suas intersecções ressignificam os saberes docentes e discentes na era do pós-método e da cibercultura?”; questão central dentro da perspectiva da educação linguística no Brasil. A partir dos excertos extraídos da produção intelectual deste pioneiro da Linguística Aplicada, visa-se: i) suscitar reflexões críticas sobre ensino e aprendizagem de línguas/linguagens mediados por tecnologias digitais a partir de praxeologias que consideramos decoloniais; ii) desvendar (novas) possibilidades metodológicas e teóricas profícuas para a ruptura de concepções cristalizadas nos cursos de formação de professores de línguas no século XXI.
L' engagement démocratique pour reprendre la main sur l’évolution des systèmes alimentaires : l’exemple français
Authors: Paturel Dominique
Published: January 2023

Tant que l’accès à l’alimentation ne sera pas égalitaire, solidaire et libre, les injustices demeureront quant aux conséquences sociales et sanitaires. Pour avancer dans cet objectif de transformation des systèmes alimentaires soucieux de leurs impacts sur le climat, une piste est de se baser sur l’expérience du modèle de protection sociale en France, à savoir le régime général de la sécurité sociale, élaboré en 1945. À partir de ce modèle, nous pouvons penser une sécurité sociale de l’alimentation durable avec un accès universel et égalitaire à une alimentation reconnectée aux conditions de sa production. La démocratie alimentaire comprise comme concept et méthode d’action collective nous donne le cadre pour penser conjointement démocratie sociale et démocratie économique, sans domination de la pensée économique sur la question sociale. Il s’agit bien de reprendre la main sur le(s) système(s) alimentaire(s) par l’ensemble des habitants et habitantes en France, et d’être dans les conditions pour le faire.
La controverse sur la densification au Québec : un choc des valeurs sur la forme de l’habitat et des milieux de vie
Authors: Simard Martin
Published: January 2023

Au sortir de la 6e vague de la pandémie de COVID-19, on a assisté au printemps 2022 à une controverse soutenue dans la presse écrite sur les questions d’étalement urbain et de densification résidentielle au Québec. Le débat faisait rage dans le sillage des échanges qui entourent les grands projets de transport à Québec et à Montréal ainsi qu’à la suite de la conversation nationale sur l’urbanisme et l’aménagement des territoires, qui a précédé l’adoption de la Politique nationale de l’architecture et de l’aménagement du territoire du Québec. Ayant en arrière-plan l’enjeu des changements climatiques, l’approche de la densification douce et des quartiers axés sur les transports collectifs est proposée par la Politique, mais elle ne semble pas faire l’unanimité au sein de la population, voire parmi les élus du parti Coalition avenir Québec à l’Assemblée nationale. Attardons-nous donc à ce choc des valeurs à l’aide d’une revue de presse sur le sujet.
Arc-Expressing Accessory Olfactory Bulb Interneurons Support Chemosensory Social Behavioral Plasticity
Authors: Zuk Kelsey E. , Cansler Hillary L. , Wang Jinxin , Meeks Julian P.
Published: January 2023

The accessory olfactory system (AOS) is critical for the development and expression of social behavior. The first dedicated circuit in the AOS, the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), exhibits cellular and network plasticity in male and female mice after social experience. In the AOB, interneurons called internal granule cells (IGCs) express the plasticity-associated immediate-early geneArcfollowing intermale aggression or mating. Here, we sought to better understand howArc-expressing IGCs shape AOB information processing and social behavior in the context of territorial aggression. We used “ArcTRAP” (Arc-CreERT2) transgenic mice to selectively and permanently labelArc-expressing IGCs following male–male resident–intruder interactions. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, we found thatArc-expressing IGCs display increased intrinsic excitability for several days after a single resident–intruder interaction. Further, we found thatArc-expressing IGCs maintain this increased excitability across repeated resident–intruder interactions, during which resident mice increase or “ramp” their aggression. We tested the hypothesis thatArc-expressing IGCs participate in ramping aggression. Using a combination of ArcTRAP mice and chemogenetics (Cre-dependent hM4D(Gi)-mCherry AAV injections), we found that disruption ofArc-expressing IGC activity during repeated resident–intruder interactions abolishes the ramping aggression exhibited by resident male mice. This work shows thatArc-expressing AOB IGC ensembles are activated by specific chemosensory environments, and play an integral role in the establishment and expression of sex-typical social behavior. These studies identify a population of plastic interneurons in an early chemosensory circuit that display physiological features consistent with simple memory formation, increasing our understanding of central chemosensory processing and mammalian social behavior.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe accessory olfactory system plays a vital role in rodent chemosensory social behavior. We studied experience-dependent plasticity in the accessory olfactory bulb and found that internal granule cells expressing the immediate-early geneArcafter the resident–intruder paradigm increase their excitability for several days. We investigated the roles of theseArc-expressing internal granule cells on chemosensory social behavior by chemogenetically manipulating their excitability during repeated social interactions. We found that inhibiting these cells eliminated intermale aggressive ramping behavior. These studies identify a population of plastic interneurons in an early chemosensory circuit that display physiological features consistent with simple memory formation, increasing our understanding of central chemosensory processing and mammalian social behavior.
A Novel Mechanism for T1R-Independent Taste Responses to Concentrated Sugars
Authors: Kalyanasundar B. , Blonde Ginger D. , Spector Alan C. , Travers Susan P.
Published: January 2023

Recent findings from our laboratory demonstrated that the rostral nucleus of the solitary tract (rNST) retains some responsiveness to sugars in double-knock-out mice lacking either the T1R1+T1R3 (KO1+3) or T1R2+T1R3 (KO2+3) taste receptor heterodimers. Here, we extended these findings in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) of male and female KO1+3 mice using warm stimuli to optimize sugar responses and employing additional concentrations and pharmacological agents to probe mechanisms. PBN T1R-independent sugar responses, including those to concentrated glucose, were more evident than in rNST. Similar to the NST, there were no “sugar-best” neurons in KO1+3 mice. Nevertheless, 1000 mmglucose activated nearly 55% of PBN neurons, with responses usually occurring in neurons that also displayed acid and amiloride-insensitive NaCl responses. In wild-type (WT) mice, concentrated sugars activated the same electrolyte-sensitive neurons but also “sugar-best” cells. Regardless of genotype, phlorizin, an inhibitor of the sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT), a component of a hypothesized alternate glucose-sensing mechanism, did not diminish responses to 1000 mmglucose. The efficacy of concentrated sugars for driving neurons broadly responsive to electrolytes implied an origin from Type III taste bud cells. To test this, we used the carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor dorzolamide (DRZ), previously shown to inhibit amiloride-insensitive sodium responses arising from Type III taste bud cells. Dorzolamide had no effect on sugar-elicited responses in WT sugar-best PBN neurons but strongly suppressed them in WT and KO1+3 electrolyte-generalist neurons. These findings suggest a novel T1R-independent mechanism for hyperosmotic sugars, involving a CA-dependent mechanism in Type III taste bud cells.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSince the discovery ofTas1rreceptors for sugars and artificial sweeteners, evidence has accrued that mice lacking these receptors maintain some behavioral, physiological, and neural responsiveness to sugars. But the substrate(s) has remained elusive. Here, we recorded from parabrachial nucleus (PBN) taste neurons and identified T1R-independent responses to hyperosmotic sugars dependent on carbonic anhydrase (CA) and occurring primarily in neurons broadly responsive to NaCl and acid, implying an origin from Type III taste bud cells. The effectiveness of different sugars in driving these T1R-independent responses did not correlate with their efficacy in driving licking, suggesting they evoke a nonsweet sensation. Nevertheless, these salient responses are likely to comprise an adequate cue for learned preferences that occur in the absence of T1R receptors.
Spontaneous Activity of the Local GABAergic Synaptic Network Causes Irregular Neuronal Firing in the External Globus Pallidus
Authors: Jones James A. , Higgs Matthew H. , Olivares Erick , Peña Jacob , Wilson Charles J.
Published: January 2023

Autonomously firing GABAergic neurons in the external globus pallidus (GPe) form a local synaptic network. In slices, most GPe neurons receive a continuous inhibitory synaptic barrage from 1 or 2 presynaptic GPe neurons. We measured the barrage’s effect on the firing rate and regularity of GPe neurons in male and female mice using perforated patch recordings. Silencing the firing of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) GPe neurons by activating genetically expressed Archaerhodopsin current increased the firing rate and regularity of PV–neurons. In contrast, silencing Npas1+GPe neurons with Archaerhodopsin had insignificant effects on Npas1–neuron firing. Blocking spontaneous GABAergic synaptic input with gabazine reproduced the effects of silencing PV+neuron firing on the firing rate and regularity of Npas1+neurons and had similar effects on PV+neuron firing. To simulate the barrage, we constructed conductance waveforms for dynamic clamp based on experimentally measured inhibitory postsynaptic conductance trains from 1 or 2 unitary local connections. The resulting inhibition replicated the effect on firing seen in the intact active network in the slice. We then increased the number of unitary inputs to match estimates of local network connectivityin vivo. As few as 5 unitary inputs produced large increases in firing irregularity. The firing rate was also reduced initially, but PV+neurons exhibited a slow spike-frequency adaptation that partially restored the rate despite sustained inhibition. We conclude that the irregular firing pattern of GPe neuronsin vivois largely due to the ongoing local inhibitory synaptic barrage produced by the spontaneous firing of other GPe neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFunctional roles of local axon collaterals in the external globus pallidus (GPe) have remained elusive because of difficulty in isolating local inhibition from other GABAergic inputsin vivo, and in preserving the autonomous firing of GPe neurons and detecting their spontaneous local inputs in slices. We used perforated patch recordings to detect spontaneous local inputs during rhythmic firing. We found that the autonomous firing of single presynaptic GPe neurons produces inhibitory synaptic barrages that significantly alter the firing regularity of other GPe neurons. Our findings suggest that, although GPe neurons receive input from only a few other GPe neurons, each local connection has a large impact on their firing.
T cell‐dependent bispecific antibodies alter organ‐specific endothelial cell–T cell interaction
Authors: Himmels Patricia , Nguyen Thi Thu Thao , Mitzner Maresa Caunt , Arrazate Alfonso , Yeung Stacey , Burton Jeremy , Clark Robyn , Totpal Klara , Jesudason Raj , Yang Angela , Solon Margaret , Eastham Jeffrey , Modrusan Zora , Webster Joshua D , Lo Amy A , Piskol Robert , Ye Weilan
Published: January 2023

Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate that T cell‐dependent bispecific antibodies (TDBs) induce systemic changes in addition to tumor killing, leading to adverse events. Here, we report an in‐depth characterization of acute responses to TDBs in tumor‐bearing mice. Contrary to modest changes in tumors, rapid and substantial lymphocyte accumulation and endothelial cell (EC) activation occur around large blood vessels in normal organs including the liver. We hypothesize that organ‐specific ECs may account for the differential responses in normal tissues and tumors, and we identify a list of genes selectively upregulated by TDB in large liver vessels. Using one of the genes as an example, we demonstrate that CD9 facilitates ICAM‐1 to support T cell–EC interaction in response to soluble factors released from a TDB‐mediated cytotoxic reaction. Our results suggest that multiple factors may cooperatively promote T cell infiltration into normal organs as a secondary response to TDB‐mediated tumor killing. These data shed light on how different vascular beds respond to cancer immunotherapy and may help improve their safety and efficacy.
INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF CRACK DETECTION USING UAV AND CNN: A CASE STUDY OF HOSPITAL RAJA PERMAISURI BAINUN
Authors: Sheng Goh Wei , Binti Wan Din Wan Isni Sofiah , Waseem Quadri  , Bin Zabidi Azlee
Published: January 2023

Crack detection in old buildings has been shown to be inefficient, with many technical challenges such as physical inspection and difficult measurements. It is important to have an automatic, fast visual inspection of these building components to detect cracks by evaluating their conditions (impact) and the level of their risk. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) can automate, avoid visual inspection, and avoid other physical check-ups of these buildings. Automated crack detection using Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA), especially a Conventional Neural Network (CNN), along with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), can be effective and both can efficiently work together to detect the cracks in buildings using image processing techniques. The purpose of this research project is to evaluate currently available crack detection systems and to develop an automated crack detection system using Aggregate Channel Features (ACF) that can be used with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Therefore, we conducted a real-world experiment of crack detection at Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun using DJI Mavic Air (Drone Hardware) and DJI GO 4(Drone Software) using CNN through MATLAB software with CNN-SVM method with the accuracy rate of 3.0 percent increased from 82.94% to 85.94%. in comparison with other ML algorithms like CNN Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN).
LATEST ADVANCES ON SECURITY ARCHITECTURE FOR 5G TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES
Authors: Shobowale K. O. , Mukhtar Z. , Yahaya B. , Ibrahim Y. , Momoh M.O.
Published: January 2023

The roll out of the deployment of the 5G technology has been ongoing globally. The deployment of the technologies associated with 5G has seen mixed reaction as regards its prospects to improve communication services in all spares of life amid its security concerns. The security concerns of 5G network lies in its architecture and other technologies that optimize the performance of its architecture. There are many fractions of 5G security architecture in the literature, a holistic security architectural structure will go a long way in tackling the security challenges. In this paper, the review of the security challenges of the 5G technology based on its architecture is presented along with their proposed solutions. This review was carried out with some keywords relating to 5G securities and architecture; this was used to retrieve appropriate literature for fitness of purpose. The 5G security architectures are mojorly centered around the seven network security layers; thereby making each of the layers a source of security concern on the 5G network. Many of the 5G security challenges are related to authentication and authorization such as denial-of-service attacks, man in the middle attack and eavesdropping. Different methods both hardware (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, field programmable logic arrays) and software (Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Blockchain, Statistical Process Control) has been proposed for mitigating the threats. Other technologies applicable to 5G security concerns includes: Multi-radio access technology, smart-grid network and light fidelity. The implementation of these solutions should be reviewed on a timely basis because of the dynamic nature of threats which will greatly reduce the occurrence of security attacks on the 5G network.
ПОСТСОЦІАЛІСТИЧНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ПУБЛІЧНОГО ПРОСТОРУ м. ІЗМАЇЛ ОДЕСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Ільїн Олексій
Published: January 2023

Вивчено проблеми й перспективи трансформації публічного простору Ізмаїла в післярадянський період. Головними джерелами дослідження стали публікації на місцевих новинних сайтах і у фейсбуку, а також офіційна документація місцевих органів влади. Схарактеризовано етапи розвитку просторової структури м. Ізмаїл. На відміну від попереднього періоду, коли відбувалося масове будівництво нових районів міста, сучасний етап характеризується більшим акцентом на внутрішніх змінах простору й вирізняється деіндустріалізацією, комерціалізацією та приватизацією. За останні 30 років були значні досягнення, однак міські публічні простори Ізмаїла нині мають велику кількість проблем, зокрема: 1) не відбувається ревіталізація території колишніх великих радянських промислових об’єктів, наприклад заводу «Еталон»; 2) акцент у транспортному розвитку було зроблено на автомобільному руху, що знижує потенціал публічного простору міста; 3) публічний простір є непристосованим для людей з обмеженими можливостями; 4) немає належного догляду за історичною спадщиною міста. Головними факторами, які спричинили та поглибили ці проблеми, є бездіяльність місцевої влади, яка не намагається усунути ці недоліки, й недостатня активність мешканців міста. Позитивною тенденцією є зміна символічного наповнення простору: декомунізація, збільшення представленості українських національних і релігійних символів.
МІСЬКИЙ ПРОСТІР, САНІТАРІЯ ТА ЯКІСТЬ ЖИТТЯ В СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧНОМУ ЛОНДОНІ (Переклад фрагментів із Calendar of LetterBooks of the City of London: H, 1375–13991)
Authors: Чепіженко Вадим
Published: January 2023

Calendar of Letter-Books of the City of London — серія з 50 томів in folio, виконаних на пергаменті, що містять інформацію про питання, пов’язані зі сферою інтересів лондонського Сіті. Кожен том позначено відповідно літерою від А до Z, від AA до ZZ. За часом записи охоплюють період від перших років правління Едварда І (1272–1307 рр.) до майже кінця правління Джеймса ІІ (1685–1688 рр.). Більш ранні томи становлять особливий інтерес, оскільки містять чи не єдині свідчення про діяльність загальної ради міста та ради олдерменів Лондона у період до XV ст. Оригінали рукописів зберігаються в Лондонському міському архіві. Окремі статті укладено латинською, середньоанглійською, середньофранцузькою мовами та англо-нормандським діалектом останньої. Низку фрагментів із книг XIII–XV ст. вперше опублікував 1868 р. відомий англійський лексикограф, перекладач та антиквар Генрі Томас Райлі у праці «Меморіали Лондона...». В 1899–1912 рр. Реджинальд Р. Шарп видав англійський переклад 11 перших томів серії (від А до L). У нашій публікації вперше запропоновано переклад українською мовою невеликої частини тому Н, що охоплює період з 1375 до 1399 рр. Переклад зроблено за виданням Р. Р. Шарпа, проте для уточнення окремих моментів використано також видання Г. Т. Райлі та оригінальний рукопис із Лондонського міського архіву. Наведені фрагменти висвітлюють питання якості життя, санітарії, використання міського простору та контролю за правопорядком у тогочасному Лондоні. Цікавим видається зокрема опис тривалої боротьби міської влади проти забою худоби на ринках у місті та відповідно за чітку фіксацію дозволених місць для роботи м’ясників.
Characterization of adsorption properties inherent to zirconia dioxide for different positions of yttrium in the ZrO2–Y2O3 lattice
Authors:   REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Science and Technology, University New of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, Lyubchykк S.I. ,   DeepTechLab, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal, Lyubchykк S.B. ,   REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Science and Technology, University New of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal,   DeepTechLab, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal, Lyubchykк A.I. ,   DeepTechLab, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
Published: January 2023

Presented in this paper is theoretical studying redistribution of electric charges in the layer of a tetragonal plate of yttrium-stabilized zirconia based on the position of yttrium atom in the crystal lattice for both dry and humid ambient atmosphere. The density functional theory with local density approximation (DFT-LDA) has been employed for this modelling. Calculations have been performed for layer-by-layer electron density distribution over the thickness of an infinite plate 001 of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconium dioxide, which show that a change in the position of stabilizing yttrium atom and its symmetry in the layer leads to changing the total energy of zirconium dioxide both for the dry 001 surface and for the hydrated one. It has been ascertained that the surface charge density for the 001-surface of an infinite tetragonal zirconia plate increases in proportion to the degree of hydration.
The exciton size. Where are the limits?
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Dimitriev O.P.
Published: January 2023

The concept of exciton implies a collective excited state able to travel in a particle-like fashion. Its size is determined by the radius of excited electron-hole pair and, although it may vary by two orders of magnitude, it is always spatially restricted, while its delocalization length owing to the exciton wavefunction spatial dynamics may provide even a larger scale of changes. In this work, the limitations of exciton sizes are discussed by analysis where the exciton concept is still applicable. It is shown that the exciton size can be as small as few angstroms, but even smaller sizes can be, probably, justified. At the same time, coupling of exciton to polariton mode can enlarge the exciton-polariton coherence length to values as high as 20 µm, thus extending the scale of possible exciton sizes up to five orders of magnitude.
Impact of post-annealing temperature on optical and surface properties of tellurium doped ZnO nanocrystalline films
Authors:   Department of Electronics, DNCVPS Shirish Madhukarrao Chaudhari College, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India, Sonawan A.U. , Sonawane B.K. ,   Department of Electronics, J.D.M.V.P.Co-Op. Samaj’s Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India
Published: January 2023

Investigated in this work is the effect of post-annealing temperature on ZnO nanocrystalline thin films doped with 5 at.% tellurium. The spin coating method was used to deposit films on the microscopic glass substrates. XRD, AFM, and UV-spectro-photometry were used to characterize the films structure, surface roughness and optical properties. The XRD spectra showed that the nanocrystalline films are of monocrystalline nature. AFM has confirmed the nanocrystalline character of tellurium-doped ZnO. The transmission of exposed films has been decreased with the increase of annealing temperature. The average transmission of all the films has been revealed to be higher than 80%. The optical band gap varies slightly with post-annealing temperature.
REINTERPRETASI HADIS KEPEMIMPIN PEREMPUAN (KRITIK HERMENEUTIKA AMINA WADUD)
Authors: Ahlan Ahlan
Published: January 2023

Kepemimpinan perempuan di ranah publik menjadi perdebatan serius para ulama, antara lain dikalangan ulama Hadis.  Perdebatan tersebut menjalar sampai pada ruang-ruang akademik, bahkan menjelma menjadi tema-tema kajian oleh beberapa peneliti. Pro-kontra atas kebolehan perempuan menjadi pemimpin terjadi hingga era modern sekarang ini. Amina Wadud dengan penafsiran Hermeneutikanya hadir membawa angin segar bagi para pengkaji perempuan. Menurut Wadud penafsiran klasik lebih menjurus kepada bias gender, dan lebih berpihak kepada laki-laki sehingga sangat tidak relevan bila diterapkan di era modern seperti sekarang ini. Wadud dengan Hermeneutikanya memaparkan bahwa penafsiran tidak hanya berhenti pada asbabul Nuzul/Asbabul Wurud sebuah dalil, atau konteks bahasanya saja, akan tetapi juga sesuai dengan kondisi dan fenomena yang terjadi pada saat ini bukan lagi melihat masa lalu. Hadis sebagai interpretasi pemikiran reformis Nabi Saw, tidak sepantasnya berindikasi bias Gender karena Hadis hadir sebagai penjelas al-Qur’an. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini ialah dari hasil kajian Hermeneutika Wadud ditemukan sebuah poin pentingnya bahwa kepemimpian perempuan diranah publik tidak perlu dipersoalkan, karena mengingat perempuan di masa ini telah memiliki potensi yang layak bahkan melebihi laki-laki, sehingga kualitas menjadi tolak ukur boleh atau tidaknya seseorang menjadi pemimpin.
STRATEGI PREVENSI PAHAM RADIKAL DI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: M.Ag. Wasil , Rasyid Abd.
Published: January 2023

Artikel ini menganalisis penyemaian paham radikal di media sosial serta strategi untuk mencegahnya. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencari jawaban atas persoalan radikal ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif. Umumnya, paham radikal di media sosial tersebar melalui platform-platform media sosial dan budaya populer, seperti Website, YouTube, Instagram, Majalah dan Telegram dengan sasaran utama kaum midlle-class dan anak muda yang telat mengalami pubertas religius. Artikel ini berusaha mencari jawaban preventif dalam upaya mencegah paham-paham radikal yang tersebar di media sosial. Hasilnya, strategi prevensi itu dapat efektif dengan menggunakan tiga cara. Pertama, penggunaan platform media yang sama. Kedua, pengembangan kreasi konten-konten media sosial dan budaya populer yang lebih masif. Ketiga, pemberdayaan da’i-da’i milenial yang melek teknologi.
Appraisal of Clinical Care Practices for Child Obesity Treatment. Part II: Comorbidities
Authors: Skinner Asheley C. , Staiano Amanda E. , Armstrong Sarah C. , Barkin Shari L. , Hassink Sandra G. , Moore Jennifer E. , Savage Jennifer S. , Vilme Helene , Weedn Ashley E. , Liebhart Janice , Lindros Jeanne , Reilly Eileen M.
Published: January 2023

The objective of this technical report is to provide clinicians with actionable evidence-based information upon which to make treatment decisions. In addition, this report will provide an evidence base on which to inform clinical practice guidelines for the management and treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

To this end, the goal of this report was to identify all relevant studies to answer 2 overarching key questions: (KQ1) “What are effective clinically based treatments for obesity?” and (KQ2) “What is the risk of comorbidities among children with obesity?” See Appendix 1 for the conceptual framework and a priori Key Questions.
(c)idade importa!
Authors: Tomás Catarina , Trevisan Gabriela
Published: January 2023

Trabalhar teoricamente a ideia de geração e diversidade das experiências das crianças no espaço público é um desafio que tem ganho visibilidade nos últimos anos. Centradas, sobretudo, em ideias como o direito à cidade e ao espaço público por diferentes grupos geracionais e aos direitos de participação na construção e conceção de espaços adequados às diferentes idades, as perspetivas teóricas têm salientado as competências das crianças em analisar, experienciar e viver o espaço público. Ao mesmo tempo, discutem-se as tensões e as dificuldades desses processos a partir da Sociologia da Infância. O estudo de caso realizado em um jardim de infância em Lisboa, em 2019/2020, procurou caracterizar as conceções e as experiências das crianças sobre o bairro onde vivem quebrando, assim, a ideia de exclusão das crianças mais pequenas sobre o pensamento sobre a cidade e os ambientes que vivem e experienciam, quotidianamente. No final, lançam-se diferentes questionamentos a partir dos quadros teóricos trabalhados e das análises realizadas.