bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of COVID-19 on the clinical trial
Authors: Chen Zhimin , Chen Liran , Chen Huafang
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to explore the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic on ongoing and upcoming drug clinical trials. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinical trial staff and clinical trial subjects were surveyed by questionnaire in this study. The results of interviews and questionnaire showed that coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to many changes in the implementation of drug clinical trials, including: a variety of meetings being held online webinars using various platforms, telemedicine and follow-up by video, A large number of deviations from protocol and losses of follow-up, delivery of clinical trial drugs by express, additional workload caused by screening for coronavirus, and anxiety of subjects. These results suggest that the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak has hindered the progress and damaged the quality of clinical trials. The online meeting, remote follow-up, express delivery of drugs and remote monitoring in the epidemic environment can ensure the progress of clinical trials to a certain extent, but they cannot fully guarantee the quality as before.
Correlation of cellular traction forces and dissociation kinetics of adhesive protein zyxin revealed by multi-parametric live cell microscopy
Authors: Sigaut Lorena , Bianchi Micaela , von Bilderling Catalina , Pietrasanta Lía Isabel
Published: May 2021

Cells exert traction forces on the extracellular matrix to which they are adhered through the formation of focal adhesions. Spatial-temporal regulation of traction forces is crucial in cell adhesion, migration, cellular division, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. By cultivating cells on polyacrylamide hydrogels of different stiffness we were able to investigate the effects of substrate stiffness on the generation of cellular traction forces by Traction Force Microscopy (TFM), and characterize the molecular dynamics of the focal adhesion protein zyxin by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP). As the rigidity of the substrate increases, we observed an increment of both, cellular traction generation and zyxin residence time at the focal adhesions, while its diffusion would not be altered. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the traction forces exerted by cells and the residence time of zyxin at the substrate elasticities studied. We found that this correlation persists at the subcellular level, even if there is no variation in substrate stiffness, revealing that focal adhesions that exert greater traction present longer residence time for zyxin, i.e., zyxin protein has less probability to dissociate from the focal adhesion.
Effects of rainfall, temperature and photoperiod on the phenology of ephemeral resources for selected bushveld woody plant species in southern Africa
Authors: Barrett Alan , Brown Leslie
Published: May 2021

Variability of ephemeral resources provided by woody plants is related to fluctuating environmental conditions, specifically the predominant climate variables temperature and rainfall. Photoperiod has less impact but also plays a role in the onset of resource pulses. In the seasonally affected bushveld of southern Africa, declining resources could have dire consequences to various animals that depend on these resources. Understanding the impact that rainfall, temperature and photoperiod has on woody plant resources allows managers of natural areas to plan for times when resources are scarce. Using a series of General Linear Models, this baseline study investigates the effects that these variables have on flower production, numbers of new fruit/pods and numbers of new leaves for 113 tagged trees from 26 woody plant species. Leads, lags and coincidental relationships observed between environmental predictor and phenological response variables were explored using time-series cross-correlations and concomitant correlograms. Model results indicated that temperature was the predominant indicator for flowering, with initial flowering starting when temperatures increase in September. A significant lead was observed between flowering and rainfall, suggesting that flower numbers increase approximately one month before rainfall increases. Temperature had the biggest effect on the number of species with new fruits and pods. Significant lags were observed between new fruits and pods and all environmental variables investigated, indicating that these resources depend on rainfall, temperature and photoperiod to reach their full potential. Photoperiod, temperature and the interaction between these variables had a noticeable effect on the number of species with new leaves. Peaks in species with new leaves coincide with peaks in rainfall, temperature and photoperiod. No leading or lagging indicators were observed between new leaves and the environmental variables investigated. In areas containing wildlife populations, recommendations are to undertake regular monitoring of climatic variables investigated, and the ephemeral resources on woody plant species.
PEMBARUAN TAKSONOMI, SEBARAN SPESIES DAN KUNCI IDENTIFIKASI NYAMUK DEWASA TRIBE FICALBIINI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nugroho Sidiq Setyo
Published: May 2021

Indonesia is an archipelago that has complex biodiversity and distribution of fauna, including mosquitoes. Indonesia currently has around 456 species of mosquitoes and is the second-largest in the world. Update on the information about the species list and distribution of mosquitoes in Indonesia compiled by O'Connor and Sopa (1981) have never been conducted for nearly 40 years. The purpose of this study is to convey taxonomic updates and species distribution as well as the key to identifying mosquito in the tribe Ficalbiini in Indonesia. The Ficalbiini tribe consists of the genus Ficalbia and Mimomyia. The author has reviewed some literature about taxonomic information, species distribution, and morphological characters of tribe Ficalbiini members. The list of species and their distribution updated with literature study and mosquitoes collection from Rikhus Vektora 2015 – 2018 organized by Balitbangkes, Ministry of Health, Indonesia. The mosquitoes were identified on the spot and confirmed in the laboratory. Identification results also have undergone an appeal with external parties. Indonesia currently has 11 species in the tribe Ficalbiini, namely Ficalbia ludlowae, Fi. minima, Mimomyia elegans, Mi. luzonensis, Mi. fusca, Mi. mogii, Mi. aurea, Mi. chamberlaini, Mi. flavens, Mi. hybrida, and Mi. modesta. Mimomyia mogii and Mi. aurea are two additional species to the species list compiled by O'Connor and Sopa (1981). The species of the tribe Ficalbiini spread throughout Indonesia, except in the Maluku islands. The identification key for species in the tribe Ficalbiini in Indonesia has never been available before. Thus, species identification key for female mosquitoes in the tribe Ficalbiini included in this paper as well.
STUDI POTENSI TANAMAN TEBU IRENG (Saccharum officinarum L.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIMIKROBA
Authors: Andila Putri Sri , Wibawa I Putu Agus Hendra , Lugrayasa I Nyoman , Sujarwo Wawan
Published: May 2021

Tebu ireng (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan jenis tebu lokal yang memiliki ciri khusus yaitu warna batangnya yang hitam.Secara tradisional tebu ireng dimanfaatkan sebagai obat penyakit diabetes.Selain dapat dimanfaatkan secara tradisional sebagai obat diabetes, diyakini tebu ireng masih banyak menyimpan manfaat lain yang belum banyak diketahui. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak tebu ireng sebagai antioksidan dan antimikroba, ditinjau dari beberapa bagian tanamannya. Proses ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut methanol, uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH free radical scavenger menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar (Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method). Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa tebu ireng memiliki kemampuan sebagai antiokidan.Tingkat kepekatan warna dari tebu ireng berkorelasi dengan aktifitas antiokidannya.Ekstrak dari keseluruhan bagian tanaman tebu ireng efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Streptococcus mutans, namun tidak efektif menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans.Tebu ireng mengandung pigmen Antosianinserta kaya akan serat pangan .
KERAGAMAN LUMUT KERAK PADA TANAMAN TEH (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) DI PERKEBUNAN TEH PT. SARANA MANDIRI MUKTI KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Supriati Rochmah , Helmiyetti Helmiyetti , Agustian Dwi
Published: May 2021

Lichen is a mutualism symbiotic organism between fungi (mycobiont) and photosynthetic symbiont in the form of algae (photobiont). It can be found from the lowlands to the highlands, growing epiphytically on soil, rocks, weathered wood, and tree bark, as shown on surface of the tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in The PT Sarana Mandiri Mukti Tea plantation in Kepahiang regency, Bengkulu Province. The purpose of this research was to identify and find out the species of epiphytic lichens on the tea plant in this place. The study was conducted in May–November 2019. Samples was collected purposively, by taken ephyphitic lichens growth on the bark of tea plants stems. Then, samples was identified based on morphological characteristics at the Basic Science Biosystematics Laboratory, FMIPA University of Bengkulu. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. It was identified as many as 35 species of lichens from the Ascomycota division, belonged to three classes, six orders, 11 families; those are  Graphidaaceae, Stereocaulaceae, Parmeliaceae, Lecanoraceae, Malmideaeceae, Pertusariaceae, Teloschistaceae, Caliciaceae, Physciaceae, Arthoniaceae, dan Pyrenulaceae. 23 species have crustose type thalus and 12 species have foliose type thalus.
KAJIAN AWAL POTENSI OPOSUM LAYANG (Petaurus breviceps) SEBAGAI RESERVOIR BAKTERI ZOONOTIK DAN RESISTENSI ANTIMIKROBA
Authors: Safitri Rifka A. N. , Nisa Sarsa A. , Inayah Nurul , Nugraha Taufiq P. , Suprihadi Agung , Pujiyanto Sri , Achmadi Anang S. , Nditasari Achirul , Saputra Sugiyono
Published: May 2021

Oposum layang atau sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) merupakan salah satu satwa endemik Indonesia. Permintaan akan satwa eksotis ini sebagai hewan peliharaan terus meningkat namun informasi terkait potensi zoonosis yang ditimbulkannya masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri patogen yang dibawa oleh oposum layang melalui pendekatan culture-dependant method dan untuk mengetahui pola resistensi antibiotiknya. Sampel yang digunakan adalah feses oposum layang (n=21) yang dikoleksi dari fasilitas riset satwa liar di Pusat Penelitian Biologi LIPI, Bogor. Berdasarkan uji presumptif Salmonella pada medium Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar, sebanyak 6 sampel (29%) dinyatakan positif, sedangkan  uji presumtif untuk Listeria pada Listeria isolation transwab dinyatakan positif untuk semua sampel (100%). Secara total, sebanyak 43 isolat telah berhasil dikoleksi dan dikarakterisasi fenotipiknya terhadap antibiotik dan sembilan isolat (21%) diantaranya menunjukkan adanya resistensi terhadap satu jenis antibiotik atau lebih. Sementara itu, tiga isolat potensial patogen telah diidentifikasi menggunakan gen 16S rRNA yaitu Shigella sonnei (X15), Klebsiella pneumoniae (X21) dan Bacillus flexus (H8). Penelitian lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri yang dikoleksi dan mengkonfirmasi patogenisitasnya masih perlu dilakukan namun berdasarkan hasil dari kajian awal ini, kami menguatkan hipotesis bahwa oposum layang berpotensi sebagai reservoir dari bakteri zoonosis sekaligus reservoir dari resistensi antimikroba.
A Prospective Study to Correlate Preoperative Serum Albumin as a Predictor of Post-Operative Mortality and Morbidity
Authors: Rathod Sagar Dilip , Wagh Dhirendra D.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND In recent times serum albumin has been considered as a very important factor in determining the clinical outcome of a patient undergoing major surgery. Patients with low serum albumin pre-operatively have been encountered with poor outcome postoperatively. This study was conducted to assess the association between serum albumin concentration and postoperative outcome (morbidity / mortality). METHODS This prospective observational study was carried out in JNMC and AVBRH, Sawangi, Wardha, from September 2018 to September 2020. All patients undergoing emergency / elective major surgeries were included in the study. Detailed history of patients was recorded including chief complaints and any other previous medical history. RESULTS 104 patients were included in the study of which maximum number of patients were seen in the age range of 35 – 64 years. The mean age being 48.19 ± 15.60 years. The gender distribution with more male predominance with 59.62 % participants being males and 40.38 % participants being females. Total 68 patients had postoperative complications, 40 being males and 28 being females. Highest number of complications in this study were seen in age group 55 - 64 years. 50 out of 73 patients with benign diseases developed complications and 18 out of 31 patients with malignant diseases developed complications. CONCLUSIONS Serum albumin has become an important modality to define the clinical outcome of a patient. Surgeons have started using it as a marker to define the post-operative outcome of a patient undergoing surgery. Exogenous albumin administration has also showed promising results in improving the outcome of a patient in the post-operative period. KEY WORDS Hypoalbuminaemia, Serum Albumin, Postoperative Mortality, Postoperative Morbidity
Epithelial Membrane Antigen, Vimentin, Desmin, Calretinin, E-Cadherin on Cell Block Preparations to Distinguish Well Differentiated Adenocarcinoma from Benign, Reactive, Atypical Mesothelial Cells
Authors: Jaiswal Neha , Makrande Jayant , Vagha Sunita
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Inconclusive cytomorphology often results due to failure to distinguish between adenocarcinoma cells from benign, reactive, atypical mesothelial cells in effusion specimens. To resolve such dilemmas, auxiliary techniques like immunohistochemistry were utilised to reach a definitive diagnosis for better treatment and management of patients. We wanted to compare cytodiagnosis achieved on cell block preparations with the cytodiagnosis on conventional smear and perform immunohistochemistry for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), calretinin, desmin, vimentin and E-cadherin on cell block preparation of the fluids in cases of indistinguishable cytomorphology of adenocarcinoma and reactive, atypical, and benign mesothelial hyperplasia. METHODS The immunohistochemical markers namely EMA, calretinin, vimentin, desmin and Ecadherin were applied on cell blocks employing streptavidin-biotin method. Immunohistochemistry was interpreted by giving scores to the percentage of stained cells. RESULTS EMA and E-cadherin had 100 % sensitivity in diagnosing adenocarcinoma whereas calretinin, vimentin and desmin were 100 % sensitive in diagnosing reactive, atypical mesothelial carcinoma on the cell block preparations. CONCLUSIONS Immunocytochemistry of fluid should be carried out on the cell block preparation where cytological diagnosis on conventional smear and cell block fails to detect malignant cells in the preparation. KEY WORDS Cell Block, Adenocarcinoma, Mesothelial Cells, Immunohistochemistry, EMA, Calretinin, Vimentin, Desmin, E-Cadherin
Trends of Caesarean Delivery in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North Karnataka
Authors: Satish Sridevi H. , Gandi Suyash , Biradar Aruna M. , Mathapati Sangamesh S. , Snehi Sinigdha
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND The drastically increasing rate of Caesarean section (CS) is a topic of constant worry and analysis throughout the world. In order to understand the degree to which Caesarean section may be preventable, it is important to know why Caesarean sections are performed. Due to nonexistence of any standard classification for indications of Caesarean section, indications for the same vary among institutions. We wanted to evaluate the rates and predictors of Caesarean section among institutional deliveries in a tertiary care hospital in an economically backward rural area. METHODS This was a cross-sectional prospective study. Pregnant women who underwent Caesarean section (CS) between June 2019 and December 2019 at BLDE (DU) Shri. B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur, Karnataka, were recruited for the study. Demographic and obstetric data including indications of Caesarean section and pregnancy outcomes were collected and analysed. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants was 24.62 + / - 3.77 years. The study patients were multigravidas, majority delivered at term. The mean gestational age was 38.09 + / - 2.023. The common indications were previous CS (33.1 %), cephalopelvic disproportion (16.9 %), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (6.7 %) and maternal request (3.4 %). Post-delivery, majority of the babies (78.92 %) were stable and were on mother’s side. CONCLUSIONS Previous caesarean section is the leading cause of Caesarean section in modern era. Hence reduction in primary caesarean section can reduce the rate of over all Caesarean section rate. Clinical, judgmental skills of the obstetrician, legal issues and the patient demands all contribute in the increasing trends of Caesarean section. Hence proper training, obstetric audit, and counselling of the patient party helps in changing the trends of increasing caesarean rate. KEY WORDS Caesarean Section, Indications for Caesarean Section, Maternal Morbidity
Right Sided Facial Nerve Palsy, Bilateral Microtia with Polydactyly in an Infant – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chaudhary Shruti , Injeti Gyanavelu , Taksande Amar , Meshram Revat , Lohkare Amol
Published: May 2021

Congenital facial palsy (CFP) is facial palsy of the seventh cranial nerve present at birth. It is commonly believed to be either developmental or originally acquired. Facial palsy of developmental origin is associated with other anomalies including ear, eye or cardiac anomalies. But it is rarely associated with polydactyly. We report a 10- month-old female infant who had right CFP with bilateral microtia and polydactyly. Congenital facial nerve palsy unilaterally manifesting as weakness of entire face on one side due to infranuclear cause is a rare occurrence in paediatric population.1 The facial palsy of lower motor neuron type involves weakness of same side of muscles of face of one side. Facial nerve as it emerges out of cranium traverses through facial canal medial to mastoid process and divides into multiple branches. It supplies ear, autonomic fibres for lacrimal gland, salivary glands, and motor supply to the face. Any pathology, congenital or acquired causing compression of facial nerve in this pathway can lead to facial palsy. Microtia is a congenital condition that varies from minor structural defects to full ear absence in severity and may occur as an individual defect or as part of a syndrome. Polydactyly is the most common hereditary limb anomaly characterized by extra fingers or toes. Here, we report a case presented with bilateral microtia and right-side facial nerve palsy.
Infected Bartholin Cyst - Ultrasonography Doppler, Magnetic Resonance Evaluation
Authors: Shah Apoorvi Bharat , Phatak Suresh Vasant , Parihar Pratap Singh , Bisnoi Lakshmi , Reddy Gopidi Sai Nidhi
Published: May 2021

Bartholin gland cyst is the most common vulval cyst that arises from the dilated duct resulting from the obstruction of its opening. Most cysts are asymptomatic, but if not treated adequately and remain obstructed, they get infected and can result in Bartholin gland abscess. Abscess is usually present in the women of reproductive age. Patients commonly present with fever and painful progressive swelling of labia. Imaging modalities are used to diagnose the disease and it also aids to understand its extension in the complex pelvic floor region. The vulvar region is a host of various benign and malignant lesions. Vulva is a collective term for several anatomical structures: Mons pubis, labia majora and minora, vestibule, Bartholin gland and clitoris. Most common vulva cysts are the Bartholin gland cysts. In majority of the cases, these cysts are asymptomatic or are incidentally found on imaging studies. If these cysts are not properly treated, they can get infected and cause complication such as Bartholin gland abscess. 2 % of women during their lifetime develop Bartholin gland abscess or cysts.1 Pain is one of the most common indicators of infection in Bartholin cyst. Bartholin abscess starts with progressive swelling of labia majora later accompanied by fever and painful swelling of affected vulva side.2 Imaging modalities such an ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging aid in the diagnosis and extension of the lesion. We present a case of 55-year perimenopausal female of Bartholin gland abscesses diagnosed using imaging modalities such as ultrasound sonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
PAKISTAN-INDIA CONFLICT AND THE RIGHT OF SELF-DETERMINATION OF KASHMIR
Authors: Gunawan Yordan , Putri Desi Nur Cahya Kusuma , Sienda Ravenska Marchdiva , Rosidi Sigit , Melinda Ami Cintia
Published: May 2021

The dispute in Jammu and Kashmir has been tensed by the revocation of Article 370 of the Indian Constitution by the Indian government in the end of 2019. The existence of Kashmir has become one of matters as the main focus between India-Pakistan conflicts. People are under diverse senses of de facto and de jure martial law. Estimated from 1990, thereabouts 70,000 people have been killed, 8,000 people have been subjected to enforced disappearances, thousand of them also victims of repressive laws and Indian security forces humiliate the protestors and detainees frequently. The research is normative legal research by using statute approach and case approach through literature review. The research aims to discuss and analyze the implementation of the rights of self-determination pursuant to Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan. The results of the study indicate all the disputes should be ended by giving the right to self-determination, which should be given to the people of Kashmir, thus the disputes between the two countries can be resolved properly and making a clarity of Kashmir status.
THE LEGAL ISSUES OF CASH WAQF IN CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati , Hendrawati Dewi , Musyafah Aisyah Ayu
Published: May 2021

The implementation of waqf cash that is not in accordance with the laws and regulations, raises legal problems in the community. The study will analyze the problem of chash waqf  law and its juridical solution’s. This research in Central Java, by taking research samples from Boyolali, Salatiga, Regency and City of Semarang. The aim was to analyze the implementation of cash waqf in Central Java and its benefits can be used as material for government policies in implementing cash waqf law. The research type was field research and data was in the form of primary and secondary data, which includes primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The research results of the problem of cash waqf law in Central Java is; low public interest in representing cash waqf, lack of coordination between cash waqf institutions (BWI and LKS-PWU), lack of human resources in understanding cash waqf, and misunderstandings about the meaning of cash waqf. Juridical solutions include; increasing BWI management resources, optimizing BWI's performance, socialization of waqf legal rules, forming a positive image of LKS-PWU, and increasing the professionalism of integrated management in managing waqf assets.
LIMITATION OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN RESPONSE TO COVID-19: FROM PUBLIC HEALTH REGULATIONS TO DISCRIMINATORY POLICIES
Authors: Widhiyanti Hanif Nur , Saraswati Anak Agung Ayu Nanda
Published: May 2021

A number of regulations and policies implemented by some countries regarding the limitations of freedom to manifest religion or belief have been highly debated since the Covid-19 pandemic. Many argue such policies are discriminative and inconsistent with human rights law. Thus, this paper aims at analyzing the concept of human rights in the implementation of religion manifestation during the pandemic, and investigating how states implement policies according to the international human rights legal framework. This normative research which uses comparative and conceptual approach concludes that policies established by states in general can be legitimized on several conditions, among others for public health concerns. In addition, the proportionality and the non-discrimination principles need to be applied accordingly.
Struktur Cerpen “Yuki no Hi” Karya Higuchi Ichiyō
Authors: Fadli Zaki Ainul , Kusmiati Dewi
Published: May 2021

Short stories are one type of modern literary work that has the privilege of forming a whole short story but still interesting for readers. The whole story in the short story cannot be separated from the elements that make it up. This study aimed to determine the intrinsic elements of the short story Yuki no Hi by Higuchi Ichiyō. The elements analyzed were themes and messages, characters and characterizations, plot, setting, and point of view. The theory used is the theory of structuralism with literature review techniques and qualitative analysis techniques. This research shows that the structure of this short story forms a unity of an exciting story from beginning to the end because of the integration of intrinsic elements in supporting the story presented. In addition, the use of deautomation techniques that delay the reader's understanding until the end of the story has succeeded in making the suspense of the story more interesting
Specifické otázky implementace intervenčních programů pro podporu rozvoje pregramotnostních dovedností
Authors: Šedinová Petra , Málková Gabriela
Published: May 2021

Tato studie shrnuje poznatky z výzkumu intervenčních programů cílených na rozvoj pregramotnostních dovedností (fonematického uvědomování a znalosti písmen) dětí v předškolním věku a to s důrazem na popis různých forem realizace a implementace těchto programů. Představujeme koncepční a teoretická východiska pro tvorbu pregramotnostně orientovaných programů a následně demonstrujeme variabilitu forem, v jakých jsou tyto programy konstruovány pro užití v praxi a implementovány pro potřeby zvolených cílových skupin. Otázkám implementace věnujeme zvláštní pozornost, jelikož představují cenné opory pro případné zhodnocení v kontextu pedagogicko- psychologické a speciálně pedagogické praxe. Zvlášť prezentujeme přehled poznatků z mezinárodního výzkumu a z výzkumu v českém a slovenském prostředí. V návaznosti na analýzu stávajícího rozsahu poznatků a zkušeností z výzkumu v domácím kontextu také prezentujeme podobu nově vznikajícího metodického materiálu pro práci poradenských pracovníků, případně pedagogů v mateřských školách.
Učitel profesionál, nebo učitel poklepem?
Authors: Doulík Pavel
Published: May 2021

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Parity sheaves and Smith theory
Authors: Leslie Spencer , Lonergan Gus
Published: May 2021

Let p be a prime number and let X be a complex algebraic variety with an action of

ℤ
/
p

⁢
ℤ

{\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}}

.
We develop the theory of parity complexes in a certain 2-periodic localization of the equivariant constructible derived category

D

ℤ
/
p

⁢
ℤ

b

⁢

(
X
,

ℤ
p

)

{D^{b}_{\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}}(X,\mathbb{Z}_{p})}

. Under certain assumptions, we use this to define a functor from the category of parity sheaves on X to the category of parity sheaves on the fixed-point locus

X

ℤ
/
p

⁢
ℤ

{X^{\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}}}

. This may be thought of as a categorification of Smith theory. When X is the affine Grassmannian associated to some complex reductive group, our functor gives a geometric construction of the Frobenius-contraction functor recently defined by M. Gros and M. Kaneda via the geometric Satake equivalence.
Intracerebroventricular injection of propranolol blocked analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol following L5 spinal nerve ligation in rat
Authors: Zabihian Mohammad Ali , Hosseini Mehdi , Bahrami Farideh , Iman Maryam , Ghasemi Maedeh , Mohammadi Mohammad Taghi , Bahari Zahra
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Resveratrol as a natural polyphenolic agent can alleviate neuropathic pain symptoms. The mechanism of analgesic activity of resveratrol is far from clear. The current study examine whether analgesic activity of resveratrol is mediated by its neuroprotective and anti-oxidant activity in the neuropathic pain. We further examine whether analgesic activity of resveratrol is mediated by β-adrenoceptors in the brain.

Methods

Neuropathic pain induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Male Wistar rats assigned into sham, SNL, SNL + resveratrol (40 μg/5 μL), and SNL + resveratrol + propranolol (a non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist, 30 μg/5 μL) groups. Drugs injected intracerebroventricular (ICV) at day SNL surgery and daily for 6 days following SNL. Thermal allodynia and anxiety examined on days of −1, 2, 4, and 6 following SNL. Electrophysiological study performed on day 6 following SNL for evaluation of resveratrol effects on sciatic nerve conduction velocity (NCV). The activity of catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes in the brain assessed on days 6 following SNL.

Results

Resveratrol significantly decreased thermal allodynia (and not anxiety) in all experimental days. Additionally, resveratrol significantly increased NCV, and also normalized the disrupted Cat and SOD activities following neuropathic pain. Furthermore, propranolol significantly blocked the analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol.

Conclusions

It is suggested that the analgesic effects of resveratrol is mediated by its neuroprotective and antioxidant activities in the neuropathic rats. Furthermore, propranolol blocked the analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol.
An approach to emerging optical and optoelectronic applications based on NiO micro- and nanostructures
Authors: Taeño María , Maestre David , Cremades Ana
Published: May 2021

Nickel oxide (NiO) is one of the very few p-type semiconducting oxides, the study of which is gaining increasing attention in recent years due to its potential applicability in many emerging fields of technological research. Actually, a growing number of scientific works focus on NiO-based electrochromic devices, high-frequency spintronics, fuel cell electrodes, supercapacitors, photocatalyst, chemical/gas sensors, or magnetic devices, among others. However, less has been done so far in the development of NiO-based optical devices, a field in which this versatile transition metal oxide still lags in performance despite its potential applicability. This review could contribute with novelty and new forefront insights on NiO micro and nanostructures with promising applicability in optical and optoelectronic devices. As some examples, NiO lighting devices, optical microresonators, waveguides, optical limiters, and neuromorphic applications are reviewed and analyzed in this work. These emerging functionalities, together with some other recent developments based on NiO micro and nanostructures, can open a new field of research based on this p-type material which still remains scarcely explored from an optical perspective, and would pave the way to future research and scientific advances.
Crystal structure of N′,N‴-((1E,1′E)-((decane-1,10-diylbis(oxy))bis(2,1-phenylene)) bis(methaneylylidene))di(isonicotinohydrazide), C36H40N6O4
Authors: Xiong Ying , Gao Chuan
Published: May 2021

C36H40N6O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.094(6) Å, b = 17.694(11) Å, c = 8.698(5) Å, β = 103.56(2)°, V = 1659.9(16) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0470, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1375, T = 273 K.
Ushkiani-Project: Preliminary archaeological investigations in the Lake Sevan Region/Armenia
Authors: Bobokhyan Arsen , Kunze René
Published: May 2021

The enclosed landscape around the Artanish Peninsula (Lake Sevan/Armenia) can be seen as a prehistoric terra incognita due to the wholesale lack of archaeological investigations to date. Initial approaches in 2019 – funded by the Gerda-Henkel-Foundation – revealed outlines of the prehistoric settlement patterns which could be placed in relation to gold mining in a clearly delineated natural corridor along this line of superregional communication and trade routes. The intention of the following project is to implement an intensive, holistic-archaeological investigation of the settlement network in the surroundings of the gold mining area and an interdisciplinary attempt to embed these structures within the larger ecological and anthropogenic environment.
Actividades de imagen en textos narrativos (ficción y no ficción) / Facework in narrative texts (fiction and non-fiction)
Authors: Zamora Francisco José
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se aborda el estudio de un corpus de textos narrativos constituido por dos obras de ficción y una de no ficción, correspondientes a tres autores nacidos en el decenio comprendido entre los años 1959 y 1968: un argentino (Kohan), un español (Cercas) y un estadounidense traducido al español (Franzen). Se considera a estos autores como informantes cualificados, como antropólogos que describen la cultura de una comunidad y como narradores privilegiados que reproducen expertamente las voces de sus personajes. Para estudiar las actividades de imagen (facework) nos basamos principalmente en las teorías de Goffman (1953, [1955] 1970, 1956, [1959] 2009, 1961), Brown y Levinson (1978, 1987), Haverkate (1994a, 1994b, 2001) y Bravo (2000, 2005, 2010, 2012), así como de otros autores que han utilizado textos literarios para el estudio de este tipo de fenómenos. También tenemos en cuenta las propuestas de Mey (1999, 2001a, 2001b, 2011) para analizar las voces de los personajes creados en las obras literarias de ficción.
Experimental Investigation of Molybdenum Oxide Coatings Prepared by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Chauhan Kamlesh V. , Sonera Akshay L.
Published: May 2021

Molybdenum oxide films were deposited by radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron sputtering. The study of surface structure and wettability with variations in deposition power and deposition time was carried out. The RF power was varied in the range of 125 W to 200 W, which led to evolution of (540), (001), (015), and (100) textures of molybdenum oxide. The X-ray diffractometer results show an increment of preferred orientation along the (001) plane for deposited molybdenum oxide films. The average crystallite size is within the range 17–18 nm with an increase of RF power from 125 W to 200 W and 19–31 nm with an increment in deposition time from 15 to 60 minutes. The outcome demonstrated that RF power and the time of deposition are the capacities that influence the static and dynamic contact angle framed by water and formamide. The surface roughness or unpleasantness increases in increments from 9.12 to 27.77 nm with an expansion in RF power from 125 W to 200 W and from 39.56 to 238.77 nm with increases in time of deposition from 15 min to an hour.
Self-interest Is Overestimated: Two Successful Pre-registered Replications and Extensions of Miller and Ratner (1998)
Authors: Brick Cameron , Fillon Adrien , Yeung Siu Kit , Wang‎ Meiying , Lyu‎ Hongye , Ho‎ Jing Yee Jane , Wong Sze Chai , Feldman Gilad
Published: May 2021

Self-interest is a central driver of attitudes and behaviors, but people also act against their immediate self-interest through prosocial behaviors, voting incongruously with their finances, or punishing others at personal cost. How much people believe that self-interest causes attitudes and behaviors is important, because this belief may shape regulation, shared narratives, and institutional structures. An influential paper claimed that people overestimate the power of self-interest on others’ attitudes and behavioral intentions (Miller & Ratner, 1998). We present two registered, close, and successful replications (U.S. MTurk, N = 800; U.K. Prolific, N = 799) that compared actual to estimated intentions, with open data and code. Consistent with the original article, participants overestimated the impact of payment on blood donation in Study 1, ds = 0.59 [0.51, 0.66], 0.57 [0.49, 0.64], and overestimated the importance of smoking status for smoking policy preferences in Study 4, ds = 0.75 [0.59, 0.90], 0.84 [0.73, 0.96]. These replications included two extensions: 1) communal orientation as a moderator of overestimation and 2) a more detailed measure of self-interest in Study 4 (ordinal smoking status). Communal orientation did not predict overestimation, and the ordinal smoking measure yielded similar results to the main study. Verifying the overestimation error informs behavioral theories across several fields and has practical implications for institutions that require trust and cooperation. All materials, data, and code are available at osf.io/57mdc/
Authorizing Authority: Constitutive Rhetoric and the Poetics of Re-enactment in Cicero’s Pro Lege Manilia
Authors: Mader Gottfried
Published: May 2021

This paper studies the persuasive strategies in Pro Lege Manilia in conversation with contemporary rhetorical theory, drawing especially on the perspective of constitutive discourse and the interaction between what is in the text and what is outside. Prior receptions of Pompey by internal audiences double as sites of panegyric image construction, which was itself then instrumentalized to influence external groups. The speech self-referentially thematizes this production of authority, disclosing its rhetorical mechanisms as both performed and performative text. Cicero himself, in the process of proclaiming Pompey, crucially participates in the manufacture and mediation of the image, and in constituting ideological cohesion.
There is no Blood Thicker than Ink: Familial and Cultural Metaphors among Late Antique Pepaideumenoi*
Authors: Quiroga Puertas Alberto J.
Published: May 2021

La literatura del periodo tardo-antiguo alberga numerosas referencias a relaciones familiares. Desde el lenguaje paternal empleado por los profesores cuando se dirigían a sus estudiantes, a los ejercicios declamatorios en los que los hijos son desheredados y hay disputas por los testamentos, la familia es la metáfora principal en lo que se refiere a las relaciones escolares. En este contexto, este artículo se ocupará de las estrategias literarias y retóricas empleadas por las élites culturales del movimiento de la Tercera Sofística para construir una “familia alternativa” en la que los lazos entre los pepaideumenoi -así como entre los alumnos y sus profesores- coexistió con los lazos familiares naturales -algo que provocó enfrentamientos ocasionales. Así, las relaciones basadas en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la retórica y de la paideia se convirtieron en sustitutos de las relaciones familiares con mecanismos y protocolos de admisión y exclusión que reflejaban las dinámicas propias de la Tercera Sofística.
mTOR pathway and somatostatin receptors expression intratumor-heterogeneity in ileal NETs
Authors: Borga Chiara , Dal Pozzo Carlo Alberto , Trevellin Elisabetta , Bergamo Francesca , Murgioni Sabina , Milanetto Anna Caterina , Pasquali Claudio , Cillo Umberto , Munari Giada , Martini Chiara , De Carlo Eugenio , Zagonel Vittorina , Guzzardo Vincenza , Pennelli Gianmaria , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Vettor Roberto , Fassan Matteo
Published: May 2021

The knowledge of the molecular landscape of ileal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is affected by the lack of systematic studies investigating intra-tumoral heterogeneity. In this study, intra-tumoral heterogeneity was investigated in 27 primary ileal G1-NETs and their matched nodal and liver metastases in order to assess the tumor grading, the expression status of two somatostatin receptor isoforms (i.e. SSTR2A and SSTR5) and mTOR signaling dysregulation (ph-mTOR, ph-p70S6K, ph-4EBP1, PTEN and miR-21). Among the 27 G1 primary tumors, 4 shifted to G2 in the matched liver metastasis. Although mTOR activation was pretty consistent between primary and secondary malignancies, mTOR effectors (ph-p70S6K and ph-4EBP1) were overexpressed in matched liver metastases, whereas PTEN expression profile changed in only two cases. MiR-21 was significantly up-regulated in the metastatic setting. Although SSTRs expression was present in most of the primary tumors and matched metastasis, we found SSTR5 expression to be significantly increased in liver metastases. Notably, SSTRs expression was heterogeneous within the same lesions in most of the lesions. Overall, despite primary and metastatic ileal NETs show a similar molecular landscape, tumor grading and mTOR signaling pathway may diverge in the metastatic setting, thus affecting prognosis and treatment.
Microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated inflammation promotes prolactinoma development
Authors: Wang Xiong , Ma Li , Ding Qiao-yan , Zhang Wen-yu , Chen Yong-gang , Wu Jin-hu , Zhang Hong-feng , Guo Xiu-li
Published: May 2021

Prolactinomas have harmful effects on human health, and the pathogenesis is still unknown. Furthermore, 25% of prolactinoma patients do not respond to the therapy of dopamine receptor agonist in the clinic. Thus, it is important to reveal the pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic methods for prolactinomas. Herein, two animal models of prolactinomas, namely oestrogen-treated rats and transgenic D2 dopamine receptor-deficient mice, were used. PET/CT imaging detection showed that translocator protein-mediated microglia activation and inflammation significantly increased in the pituitary glands of prolactinomas rats. Messenger RNA microarrays were used to analyze and compare the differential gene and signal pathways of the pituitary glands between control and prolactinomas rats. Statistical results pertaining to gene enrichment showed that the innate immune response genes were upregulated in the pituitary glands of prolactinoma rats. This suggested that the innate immune response was activated. We analyzed the NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome that is one of the most important members of the innate immune system in mammals and found that the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like, interleukin 1B (IL1B) and IL18 proteins of pituitary glands in prolactinomas rats were increased considerably compared with those in control rats. This suggested the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome during the emergence and evolution of prolactinomas. Immunohistochemistry results also confirmed that the NLRP3 expression was elevated in human prolactinoma tissues, and the microglia marker-ionised calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 was co-located with the NLRP3 protein in prolactinomas by immunofluorescence assay. Finally, compared with the WT mice, NLRP3−/− mice had smaller pituitary glands (weight/body weight) and diminished prolactin (PRL) expressions and secretions. These findings were associated with a reduction in the caspase-1 activation and maturation of IL1B. Furthermore, MCC950 decreased the PRL expression and secretion following the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in GH3 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and nigericin. And MCC950 inhibited the pituitary tumor overgrowth and PRL expression and secretion in prolactinoma rats. These data confirm that the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation upregulates the inflammatory cytokines IL1/IL18 in the pituitary glands and induces prolactinomas. Our findings showed that microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated IL1B-related inflammation promoted the development of prolactinomas and identified the inflammasome as a new therapeutic target for prolactinomas.
La razón y el deseo: el problema de la emancipación en Schiller, Herder y Novalis
Authors: Martín Navarro Alejandro
Published: May 2021

En el presente artículo se aborda el tratamiento dado por Schiller, Herder y Novalis al problema de la emancipación. Comenzaremos planteando la problemática específicamente moderna a la que se enfrentan estos autores, caracterizada por la metafísica mecanicista, la religiosidad positiva y la fragmentación sociopolítica; en segundo lugar, analizaremos la concepción kantiana de la razón práctica en su dimensión emancipatoria, esto es, como impugnación crítica del carácter condicionado de la realidad empírica; por último, esbozaremos las líneas fundamentales de una filosofía de la emancipación en la obra teórica de Schiller, Herder y Novalis.
Fuga y ciframiento. Algunas reflexiones en torno a la música y el lenguaje
Authors: Rincón Serratos Jazmín Aurora
Published: May 2021

¿Qué tiene la música que nos empuja a hablar de ella? ¿Es la música algo que está más allá del lenguaje humano? ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre “lengua”, “lenguaje”, y “discurso”? Si se intenta ubicar a la música en todo aquello que permite el ciframiento, si se insiste en otorgarle valor, coordenadas precisas en documentos, archivos y, más recientemente, en códigos y redes, es porque hay algo en ella que siempre se nos escapa, que vuelve a desordenar los discursos que al mismo tiempo nos ha empujado a enunciar. Me refiero a un real inatrapable que siempre será el motor de la creatividad.
El espacio para la simpatía descubierto en la compasión. Reflexiones entre Scheler y Schopenhauer sobre la intersubjetividad
Authors: Velázquez González Juan
Published: May 2021

El estudio de los fenómenos emocionales de la simpatía y la compasión permite reflexionar sobre la posibilidad de la relación intersubjetiva. La fenomenología de los sentimientos de Scheler, que se aleja de otros análisis fenomenológicos de la empatía o comprensión del yo ajeno, plantea que los fenómenos simpatéticos presentan el modo básico de constitución del vínculo interpersonal; lo cual remite a su vez al encuentro intersubjetivo radical que se da entre la espacialidad de las corporalidades psicofísicas. Según sostenemos, tal encuentro intersubjetivo básico es el de la compasión, agudamente analizada por Schopenhauer, si bien en el marco de una metafísica de la voluntad. La coincidencia entre las concepciones antropológicas de Schopenhauer y Scheler acerca de la vida humana ofrece la clave para pensar cómo el fenómeno de la simpatía entre personas se da en el espacio intersubjetivo puesto al descubierto en el encuentro compasivo en la vida anímica y corporal.
Methods in the synthesis and conversion of 2,5-Bis-(hydroxylmethyl)furan from bio-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and its great potential in polymerization
Authors: Zhang Junhua , Wang Ting , Tang Xing , Peng Lincai , Wei Junnan , Lin Lu
Published: May 2021

To meet increasing demands for alternatives to fossil-based chemicals, environment-friendly and renewable energy materials are of great importance. Biomass-derived 2,5-bis-(hydroxylmethyl)furan (BHMF) has the potential to partly substitute petroleum-based aromatic diols during polymerization. This paper summarizes recent research on the synthesis of BHMF by the reaction of hydrogen from biomass-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural through different reduction routes, including the Cannizzaro reaction, catalytic hydrogenation, and catalytic transfer hydrogenation. Applications of BHMF as a direct material and intermediate in fabricating polyurethane, self-healing materials, resins, and more, which utilize ring-opening, double-bond addition, and oxidation reactions, are discussed briefly. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities in the formation and application of BHMF in the future are discussed.