bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employment, Knowledge and Latrine Ownership as Risk Factors and Prediction Model of Diarrhea Incidence
Authors: Irfan Irfan , Sulansi Sulansi
Published: April 2018

<span style="color: #222222; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN">Diarrhea is a leading cause of death ranked 3rd after Tuberculosis and Pneumonia in Indonesia. Diarrhea cases in NTT province and also in Kupang City is still high, with Pasir Panjang PHC in 2012 and 2013 ranked the top three, while Oepoi PHC always the lowest rank. This research was conducted to analyze the risk factors for the incidence of diarrhea and create a model equation to predict the diarrhea incidence. This observational analytic research using case control design. Samples with diarrhea cases were recorded in January - June 2015 in the register book Pasir Panjang PHC and Oepoi PHC taken by random sampling to obtain samples for cases 62 children of Diarrhea patient. The control samples are 62 children who are not registered as suffering from diarrhea in the month of June 2015, close to the patient’s house, and her mother or people who responsible to take care that children want as respondent. Data were obtained by interviews with the mothers of cases and controls using questionnaires and direct observation using a checklist. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. There are three variables that significantly affect to the diarrhea incidence, namely employment, knowledge and latrine ownership and the most dominant variable influence that is knowledge (OR 4.353). The model equation Y = - 2.048 +1.153 employment + 1.483 knowledge + 1.480 latrine ownership with a percentage accuracy of the model in classifying observations is 68.5%.
The Use of Antihypertensive and Antiplatelet Drugs on Hospital Stroke Patients
Authors: Putri Anggy Rima , Abdullah Akrom
Published: April 2018

Medicine is one of the most important part of the healing process, the<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;"> restoration of health and prevention of disease. This study aims to describe the use of drugs, particularly antihypertensive and antiplatelet drugs in stroke patients hospitalized in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul during December 2014-April 2015. This research is observational descriptive study. Data collection was done prospectively with a survey of stroke patients in inpatient Al-Insan and al-A'raaf wards in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul during the specified period. During the study there were 61 stroke patients sampled in the study, of which 41 (67.2%) were geriatrics and 20 (32.8%) were not geriatrc. From the data, 28 (45.9%) patients did not receive antihypertensive drugs, only 33 (54,1%) patients received antihypertensive drug.The antihypertensive drugs type were given to patients were ACEI 9 (14.8%) and CCB 6 (9.8%), as well as combinations ACEI and CCB 7 (11.5%). Most patients did not receive antiplatelet 43 (70.5%), whereas patients receiving antiplatelet drugs most was the kind of aspirin 17 (27.9%). From the above data it can be concluded that the use of antihypertensive drugs in stroke patients in the inpatient ward in PKU Muhamaddiyah Hospital Bantul quite frequently used, while the use of antiplatelet drugs in these cases rarely used.
Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Ethnicity, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes of Adults in Urban Populations of Central America
Authors: Wuenstel William G , Johnson James A. , Humphries James , Samuel Cheryl
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of ethnicity and obesity as it relates to Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) in specific Central American countries. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the association of ethnicity, obesity, and T2D.  Four studies that qualified for inclusion were identified by searching MEDLINE and PubMed databases. The studies on the association of ethnicity and T2D had a combined population resulted in 265,858 study participants. Two studies on the association of obesity and T2D had 197,899 participants. An analysis of the data was conducted utilizing the relative risk ration, odds ratio, and forest plots. The comparison of the relative risk of T2D across ethnic categories by studies range for Blacks was 1.59 to 2.74, Asians was 1.43 to 2.08, and Hispanics .92 to 2.91.  The ethnic difference in the prevalence of diabetes was almost two-fold higher in all ethnic groups than among the Caucasians with a significance level of 95%. A comparison of relative risk of T2D across weight categories was significantly higher among those with a diagnosed of diabetes in all reported areas. The odds ratio was very close to the risk ratio in both ethnicity and obesity to the development of T2D. The meta-analysis findings documented that an association does exist between ethnicity and obesity to the development of type 2 diabetes.  
Survival Analysis of Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ardianto Efri Tri , Notobroto Hari Basuki , Purnomo Windhu
Published: April 2018

Survival analysis as a collection of statistical procedures for analyzing the data that its outcome variable was the time to occurrence of an event. Kaplan-Meier method is a type of survival analysis technique, this method is often called the Product Limit Method. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) became one of the public health problem throughout the world, including Indonesia. The number of hemodialysis patients has increased every year and have an impact on increasing the number of death in General Hospital Ibnu Sina Gresik. This study was determine the survival of hemodialysis patients using Kaplan-Meier analysis techniques. Non-reactive research with a retrospective cohort using the calculations right censoring. 155 population were taken randomly and sample size of 111. Data were collected using a checklist. The estimated survival time of female, adult age, further education, patients work, patients without insurance, patients with normal nutritional status, patients with a history of disease, patient with hypertention and patient with diabetic had a better survival time. The insurance status, nutritional status, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were significant difference to the survival time (p-value <0.05). It was necessary special treatment for CKD patients through giving information, education to families and patients to maintain healthy lifestyle.
Rapid-Acting Antidepressants and Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Wilson Samuel E , Chen Meta , Darji Hiren
Published: April 2018

Loss of glial cells with resulting atrophy of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as well as the hippocampal area is demonstrated in depressed patients by brain imaging and postmortem studies. The mPFC is the master control of mood and emotional response. The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, the main function of which is to regulate emotions. The mPFC depends on the hippocampus for rapid learning and memory consolidation. Unlike monoamine reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, which take 6 to 8 weeks to exert their full effects, and with 30 - 40% unresponsive rate, ketamine acts rapidly, within a couple of hours, and has higher responsive rates. It suggests that in theory, due to its rapid effect, Ketamine could well serve as a bridging remedy to lower the rate of suicidal risk before Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) reach their full effect for long-term depression management. Yet, ketamine has long been linked with abusive potential and possible neurotoxicity if used in large doses over a prolonged period. Even though there are no collected data to prove the associated adverse effects, awareness of this negative aspect of ketamine is sufficiently widespread to propel the psychiatric community to look for other rapidly acting antidepressant alternatives. Recent studies have shown that scopolamine, the Yueju pill, and magnesium are rapid-onset antidepressants that have mechanisms comparable to that of ketamine. These rapid-acting antidepressant agents promise to be effective and safer choices for depression management in the future, providing that further studies and investigations to produce a better and fuller understanding of their effects and limitations.
Job Satisfaction among the Nurses of Makueni District Hospital, Kenya
Authors: Mathulu Anthony Wambua , Mbithi Benard Wambua
Published: April 2018

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the level of job satisfaction among the nurses of Makueni District Hospital. This was necessitated by the high nurse staff turnover from the facility and a myriad of complains from various departments. The study was a cross sectional descriptive survey involving about 50 nurses that was carried out between 15 and 19th July 2013. The study employed mixed method approach. Tests of significance were through use of Chi-square, Fishers exact test and logistic regression. The key results were that overall job satisfaction was low (36%). There were significant relationships between job satisfaction and cordial relationship with the nurse manager (c2 12.131 df 4 p=0.016<0.05. Logistic regression p=0.018<0.05). The plans to quit the hospital and work elsewhere indicates a relationship with job satisfaction (c2 12.749 df 4 p=0.013<0.05). The findings of this study suggest that there is no enabling working environment for the nurses and this could be a barrier to service delivery in the Hospital. These findings suggest that the Nurse Managers should build up effective relationship with the staff and other departments and should identify negative working conditions which affect staff and appropriately delegate authority to them.
What’s in a Name? Student Pharmacists’ Novel Extracurricular Process of Drug Therapy Reinforcement
Authors: Ware Kenric B.
Published: April 2018

Fostering excitement in pharmacy student learning can be achieved through reinforcing drug therapies in curricular and extracurricular endeavors. This paper described an extracurricular initiative that elevated awareness of drug therapy in its current, future, and past members. This process occurred on an annual basis. Upon invitation, participants were expected to attend meetings with current and graduate organizational members. These settings provided opportunities for recognition and remembrance of organizational history and drug therapies. Checkpoints were inserted to verify progression towards full membership. The primary role of graduate members in this process was the yielding of their professional insights. A student – led, peer – facilitated model of drug therapy exposure along these lines resonates with calls for increased innovative learning strategies.
Examining Model Development of Physics Learning through Multi-intelligence to Nurture Autonomous Learners
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin , Mahmud Alimuddin , Muris Muris
Published: April 2018

This study aims at examining a model of learning physics through multi-intelligence, which are valid, practical, and effective to enhance learners’ autonomy. The authors developed instruments and learning media to obtain a valid, practical, and effective model using research and development design. The results showed that this lack of autonomy of learners in learning physics. The experiment showed that the physics learning through multi-intelligence met the criteria of valid, practical and effective. All the aspects of physics learning with multi-intelligence run well. The ability of teachers to manage learning was at the high category. The physics learning with multi-intelligence was in the medium category. The activities of learners in learning fulfilled the ideal time and learners responded positively to the learning model of physics through multi-intelligence.
Extensive Reading in Action: Voices from the Grounds
Authors: Dzulfikri Dzulfikri , Saukah Ali
Published: April 2018

This study is aimed at investigating how extensive reading affects students’ reading attitude and comprehension. Based on two participants’ pretest and posttest results and analyzing the results of interviews, the study reveals that extensive reading tends to promote participants’ reading comprehension as indicated by the improvement of their scores in posttest and participants’ reading attitude as indicated by their responses to interviews. Their positive attitude develops particularly because of the autonomy given to them to select any materials in their interest as when finding interesting reading texts beyond their current linguistic competence, which is not recommended to read in extensive reading, they struggle to understand them regardless of their reading proficiency. Their positive attitude is also shown by their increasing reading amount week after week and their dreams to have a private library and be lifelong readers. Moreover, exposure to a large number of different texts, a large array of words, and different topics enables them to build background knowledge which helps them understand texts better which subsequently affects their reading ability positively.
The Effectiveness of Archived E-Book Based Curriculum 2013 as an Effort to Improving Learning Outcomes in Vocational School
Authors: Atma Dirgatama Chairul Huda , Siswandari Siswandari , Indrawati C. Dyah Sulistyaningrum
Published: April 2018

In digital era, the role of media as a helping tool in the process of teaching learning is very important. It is also the right choice in improving the quality of education. The purpose of this research is to find out whether archived e-book based curriculum 2013 which has been developed is effective to improve the learning outcomes in Vocational School. This was a research and development study. The data for the media developed used Sigil software with the help of Supreader software. The instrument was validated by experts. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire and tests. Interviews and observations were analyzed with descriptive qualitative, whereas the questionnaire and test were analyzed by descriptive quantitative tests. This study used SPSS 20 and IBM software to calculate the data. Based on the analysis, the mean score of experimental group was 81.25 and the control group was 75.94 for their post-test. The t-test score for t-observed was 2.53 meanwhile the t-table was 2.00. The null hypothesis was rejected because t-observes was higher than t-table. It implied that the experimental group performed better than the control group. The conclusion was that learning media using archived e-book based curriculum 2013 was effective to improve learning outcomes. It was based on the t-test calculation in the significant error of 0.05. So there was a significant difference between the mean score of experimental and control group.
The Use of Web Based Expert System Application for Identification and Intervention of Children with Special Needs in Inclusive School
Authors: Wiliyanto Dian Atnantomi
Published: April 2018

This research is conducted to determine the effectiveness of web based expert system application for identification and intervention of children with special needs in inclusive school. 40 teachers of inclusive school in Surakarta participated in this research. The result showed that: (1) web based expert system application was suitable with the needs of teachers/officers, had 50% (excellence criteria), (2) web based expert system application was worthwhile for identification of children with special needs, had 50% (excellence criteria), (3) web based expert system application was easy to use, had 52.5% (good criteria), and (4) web based expert system application had result accuracy in making decision, had 52.5% (good criteria). It shows that the use of web based expert system application is effective to be used by teachers in inclusive school in conducting identification and intervention with percentage on average was more than 50%.
Constructivist Learning Paradigm as the Basis on Learning Model Development
Authors: Nugroho Kurniawan Yudhi
Published: April 2018

Research on the knowledge quality development has advanced very rapidly in these recent years. Yet, researchers have conducted their studies mostly in a specific issue within the frame of classroom teaching. This paper aims at presenting the conceptual design of academic knowledge development based on the theories of constructivist learning. These theories suggest that learning process should have been able to provide students with opportunities to get involved in an active process to make sense of new experience by connecting ideas with the basic knowledge they have. In addition, this conceptual design is made as an endeavor to discuss how the theories of constructivist learning may impact to the students’ knowledge quality enhancement. This paper would also discuss about how the concept of constructivist learning impacts to learners’ academic learning environment, learning participation and learning responsibility.
The Comparison of Learning Model Viewed from the Students Thinking Style
Authors: Nur Fauzi Mohamad , Usodo Budi , Subanti Sri
Published: April 2018

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of learning models with scientific approach, characteristics thinking style, the interaction between learning model with scientific approach and characteristics thinking style toward mathematics achievement. This research was quasi-experimental research with factorial design 2 x 4. The population of research was all students of the seven graders of junior high school in Surakarta city in academic year 2016/2017. The sample of research consists of 190 students. The data in the research was two ways analysis of variance with unequal cells, with the 5% level of significance. The results of the research were as follow: (1) SFEs Learning model gave better mathematics achievement than direct instruction model: (2) Characteristics of Sequential concret (SK), sequential abstract (SA), random concret (AK), and random abstract (AA) thinking styles give the same effect on mathematics learning achievement; (3) In each learning model with SK, SA, AK, and AA thinking style characteristics have the same mathematics learning achievement. (4) In each of the SK, SA, AK, and AA thinking styles that are subject to the SFEs learning model and direct learning have the same mathematical learning achievement.
Islam - Science Integration Approach in Developing Chemistry Individualized Education Program (IEP) for Students with Disabilities
Authors: Suprihatiningrum Jamil
Published: April 2018

The paper is based on a research which tries to explore, explain and describe Islam - science integration approach to develop an Individualized Education Program (IEP) for students with disabilities in chemistry lesson. As a qualitative case study, this paper is aimed at investigating how Islam - science integration approach can be underpinned for developing the IEP for Chemistry. Participants were recruited purposively and data were collected by interviews; documents’ analysis; and experts’ assessment (i.e. material experts, inclusive education experts, media experts, chemistry teachers and support teachers), then analyzed using content-analysis. The result shows Islam - science integration approach can be a foundation to develop the chemistry IEP by seeking support for the verses of the Qur'an and corresponding hadiths. Even although almost all the subject matter in chemistry can be integrated with Islamic values, this study only developed two contents, namely Periodic System of Elements and Reaction Rate.
Business Teachers’ ICT Skills and Uses in an IoT Classroom
Authors: Vaca-Cárdenas Leticia , McHaney Roger
Published: April 2018

This report presents the results of a survey study conducted spring 2016 semester in the College of Business Administration at a major Midwestern university in the USA. The findings show that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are included in all aspects of the participants’ lives and they generally agree and are excited about the opportunity to have the new Internet of Things (IoT) Crestron System in the classrooms. However, despite the enthusiasm, only a minority of the teachers are engaged in content creation activities using technological, multimedia, or online tools. There is a gap between their everyday ICT skills and their skills for teaching and learning. This article describes this gap and provides suggestions for reducing it.
Development of Research-Based Learning Model in Biology Education: What is Relevance, Concystency and Practicality?
Authors: Haviz M.
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this article is to design a consistent research-based learning model and internal relevance on biology learning at Higher Education. The study participants were 88 students of Biology Education Department IAIN Batusangkar who studied Research Method subjects in Biology study, academic year 2016/2017. The method used was educational design research with preliminary stages of research, prototyping stage, and assessment stage. The instruments used were product assessment sheets. Preliminary research findings were analysed by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The mean score of formative evaluation result and mean score of the students’ achievement were analysed by descriptive statistic. Preliminary research results showed that changes should be made toward the biology learning outcomes. The next finding was that there were 9 supporting theories used to design research-based learning models on biology learning. Formative and summative prototype evaluation results were good and had met the criteria of developing the learning model. So, it was concluded that research-based learning model on biology learning had consistency and internal relevance.
Reading Strategies among ESL Malaysian Secondary School Students
Authors: Semtin Semry Anak , Maniam Mahendran
Published: April 2018

This study aims to investigate the types of cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies employed by secondary school students in Malaysia to improve their comprehension. It uses a mixed-method approach which involves the instruments of a questionnaire and an interview. This study was conducted at SMK Kapit, involving ninety Form 4 students. Based on the findings, the students had used various reading strategies. The use of particular reading strategies is implied as their autonomous learning efforts to become more proficient readers. However, according to the frequency scales of strategy use (Oxford, 1990), the findings from the questionnaire indicate that most of the reported reading strategies have a mean between 2.5 and 3.49 as the students sometimes use these reading strategies. This revealed their lack of awareness of practising these reading strategies. Thus, teachers play a vital role in training students on the reading strategy use in order to enhance the effectiveness of their reading.
Nutritional Status and Age at Menarche on Female Students of Junior High School
Authors: Juliyatmi Rihul Husnul , Handayani Lina
Published: April 2018

Menarche is the first menstrual period in the middle of puberty. There are many factors that affect the age of menarche include nutritional status, genetic, environmental conditions, socioeconomic status, and education. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between nutritional status and age of menarche on female student of junior high school Ali Maksum Krapyak, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The research employed a cross sectional research design. The number of this sample was 81 female students that determined by total sampling. The statistical test used was Chi Square. The results of this research showed that there was a relationship between nutritional status and the age of menarche on female student of junior high school Ali Maksum Krapyak, Bantul, Yogyakarta (p value = 0.002) and the ratio prevalence was 3.077 (95% CI = 1.675 – 5.650); it means that respondents who have abnormal nutritional status get 3.007 times greater chance of experiencing abnormal menarche than respondents who have normal nutritional status.
Validity and Reliability of the 3-E Tool for Evaluating the Curriculum Support Intervention in Uganda
Authors: Mutto Milton , Immaculate Mukasa , Victor Avasi , Charles Kalabi , Charles Kamwesigye , Tom Duku
Published: April 2018

This study determined psychometric properties of 3-ET, an instrument specifically designed to track the effects of a curriculum support intervention created to enhance the delivery of the national curriculum in a war zone in Uganda. The instrument was developed through brain storm and expert review before being committed to structural and reliability testing using Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA). The 88 variables of 3-ET were reduced to 73; five distinct sub-scales emerged. Sub-scale 1, measured core education support functions and services. Sub-scale 2, assessed aesthetics/efficiency. Sub-scale 3, focused on barriers to stakeholder participation. Sub-scale 4 measured peacefulness and gender sensitivity of learning environments. Sub-scale 5 assessed pupil participation. 3-ET has acceptable structural validity and internal consistence reliability. It can be used to test effectiveness of the REPLICA intervention. Its applicability in other conflict and non-conflict contexts needs review.
Path Analysis: Health Promotion Information Access of Parent Caretaking Pattern through Parenting Education
Authors: Sunarsih Tri , Murti Bhisma , Anantanyu Sapja , Wijaya Mahendra
Published: April 2018

Parents often inhibit learning process organized by education, due to their ignorance about how to educate child well. Incapability of dealing with those changes leads to dysfunctional families, and problematic children. This research aimed: to analyzed the health promotion information access pattern of parent caretaking pattern through parenting education. This study was taken place in Karanganyar Regency area, Central Java. As a survey research with cross-sectional design, this study built on questionnaire as a main instrument of collecting primary data, while secondary data was obtained from recording in the related institutions in Karanganyar Regency. The sample consisted of 108 parents, taken using purposive sampling technique. To address the objective, multiple linear regression and path analyses were used. Its important finding was that interactions with other students’ parent, with other members of family, and with media simultaneously affected significantly the parenting pattern holistically, either directly or indirectly. The largest effect on parenting was exerted by interaction between parent and media. From those findings, the author recommended that the appropriate parenting education strategies were to provide adequate information such as reading books for parent, to facilitate parent discussion to generate interaction between parents so that they shared information more frequently.
Learning Model and Form of Assesment toward the Inferensial Statistical Achievement By Controlling Numeric Thingking Skills
Authors: Widiana I Wayan , Jampel I Nyoman
Published: April 2018

This study aimed to find out the effect of learning model and form of assessment toward inferential statistical achievement after controlling numeric thinking skills. This study was quasi experimental study with 130 students as the sample. The data analysis used ANCOVA. After controlling numeric thinking skills, the result of this study show that: (1) the inferential statistical achievement of the students group which follow SCSS learning model is higher than the group which follow conventional leare inferential statistical achievement of students group which got performance assessment is higher than conventional assessment, (3) there is interaction effect between learning model and form of assessment toward the students' statistical achievement, (4) in SCSS learning model, the students' inferential statistical achievement which got performance assessment is higher than the group which got conventional assessment, (5) in conventional learning model, the students' inferential statistical achievement which got performance assessment are lower than the group which got conventional assessment, (6) in performance assessment, the students' inferential statistical achievement which follow the study with SCSS learning model is higher than those which follow conventional learning model, and (7) in conventional assessment, the students' inferential statistical achievement which follow SCSS learning model is lower than the group which follow conventional learning model.
Design and Implementation of Performance Metrics for Evaluation of Assessments Data
Authors: Ahmed Irfan , Bhatti Arif
Published: April 2018

Evocative evaluation of assessment data is essential to quantify the achievements at course and program levels. The objective of this paper is to design performance metrics and respective formulas to quantitatively evaluate the achievement of set objectives and expected outcomes at the course levels for program accreditation. Even though assessment processes for accreditation are well documented but existence of an evaluation process is assumed. This work provides performance metrics such as attainment, student achievement, and x-th percentile for the evaluation of assessment data at course and program level. Then, a sample course data and uniformly distributed synthetic data are used to analyze the results from designed metrics. The primary findings of this work are twofold: (i) analysis with sample course assessment data reveals that qualitative mapping between marks obtained in assessments to the defined outcomes is essential for meaningful results, (ii) analysis with synthetic data shows that higher values of one metric does not imply higher values of the other metrics and they depend upon the obtained marks distribution. In particular, for uniformly distributed marks, achievement < attainment for meanOfUniformDistr. < averageMarks < passingT hreshold(α). Authors hope that the articulated description of evaluation formulas will help convergence to high quality standard in evaluation process.
Improving Students’ Creative Thinking and Achievement through The Implementation of Multiple Intelligence Approach with Mind Mapping
Authors: Widiana I Wayan , Jampel I Nyoman
Published: April 2018

This classroom action research aimed to improve the students’ creative thinking and achievement in learning science. It conducted through the implementation of multiple intelligences with mind mapping approach and describing the students’ responses. The subjects of this research were the fifth grade students of SD 8 Tianyar Barat, Kubu, and Karangasam. The objects of this research were multiple intelligence, achievement in science and students’ response. The research was conducted in two cycles and every cycle consisted of planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The data of students’ creative thinking were collected by performance test; the data of students’ achievement in learning science were collected through questionnaire. After the data were collected, then they were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results of the study showed that (1) the implementation of multiple intelligence approach improved the students’ creative thinking and achievement in learning science. The improvement in the students’ creative thinking from cycle I to cycle II is 16.56%. (2) The improvement of the students’ achievement in learning science from cycle I to cycle II is 11.46%. (3) The students’ response to the implementation of multiple intelligence with mind mapping fell into category positive.The students felt happy in learning science through the implementation of multiple intelligences with mind mapping.
Midwives Performance in Early Detection of Growth and Development Irregularities of Children Based on Task Commitment
Authors: Utami Sri , Nursalam Nursalam , Hargono Rachmat , Susilaningrum Rekawati
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of midwives based on the task commitment. This was an observational analytic with cross sectional approach. Multistage random sampling was used to determine the public health center, proportional random sampling to selected participants. The samples were 222 midwives in the public health center of Surabaya City. Data were collected by questionnaires on exogenous variables and sheet of data collectors for the performance of midwives. Data was analyzed by using Partial Least Square (PLS). This study found the results of the self leadership directly affects the performance with the value of T-statistic of 3.852> T-table (1.96) with the value of the path coefficient of 0.257, while the value of the indirect influence on the strategy of self leadership performance through mediator task commitment with path coefficient value of 0.053. These models can be used as a reference in improving the performance of midwives in other activities related to maternal and child health services.
Container Positivity and Larva Distribution Based on the Container Characteristics
Authors: Wanti Wanti , Yudhastuti Ririh , Yotopranoto Subagyo , Notobroto Hari B. , Subekti Sri , Umniati Sitti R.
Published: April 2018

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) prevention and control program has been conducted in Kupang City but DHF Incidence Rate (IR) is always high and exceeds the national average. Calculating the density of larvae and pupae is a good choice in calculating DHF mosquitos’ density because larvae capture is easier than mosquitoes, and pupa is the nearest stage with adult mosquitoes so can better represent actual mosquito density. This observational study used cross sectional study design was conducted in Kupang City as many 24 urban villages or 480 houses during the rainy and dry season and all containers inside and outside homes selected been observed. Larvae and pupae were collected using gamadotik then identified. Analyzed data were using multiple regression logistic test, independent t test and Anova test. This study found 781 containers with the equation model of container positivity = 2,975 lid - 0.192 material + 0.781 type - 3,706, with the most influential variable is the container lid (OR 19.5). Ae. Aegypti, Ae. Albopictus and Culex can be found in water containers both inside and outside homes. The presence of larvae can be prevented either by doing closed and drain the container regularly and bury or drying container that is not used anymore. As limitation of water supply so other solutions need to be taken such as by sprinkling temefos into container with closed tightly to reduce the container positivity 19.5 times. For greater container can be done by water draining or reuse used container outside the home into a place to plant flowers or plants or become temporary garbage.
Incidence and Predictors of Tuberculosis among Adult PLWHA at Public Health Facilities of Hawassa City
Authors: Bekele Henok , Kote Mesfin , Yesuf Aman , Girum Tadele
Published: April 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is the most frequently diagnosed opportunistic infection (OI) and disease in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), world-wide. This study aimed at determining the incidence and predictors of tuberculosis among people living with HIV.A Six year retrospective follow up study was conducted among adult PLHIV. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors.A total of 554 patients were followed and produced 1830.3 person year of observation. One hundred sixty one new TB cases occurred during the follow up period. The overall incidence density of TB was 8.79 per 100 person-year (PY). It was high (148.71/100 PY) in the first year of enrolment. The cumulative proportion of TB free survival was 79% and 67% at the end of first and sixth years, respectively. Not having formal education(AHR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.41, 5.11 ), base line WHO clinical stage IV (AHR = 3.22, 95% CI=1.91-5.41), CD4 count <50 cell/ul  (AHR=2.41, 95%CI=1.31, 4.42), Being bed redden (AHR= 2.89, 95%CI=1.72, 3.78), past TB history (AHR=1.65, 95% CI = 1.06,2.39), substance use (AHR=1.46, 95% CI=1.03,2.06) and being on pre ART (AHR=1.62, 95%CI:1.03-2.54 ) were independently predicted tuberculosis occurrence. Advanced WHO clinical stage, limited functional status, past TB history, addiction and low CD4 (<50cell/ul) count at enrollment were found to be the independent predictor of tuberculosis occurrence. Therefore early initiation of treatment and intensive follow up is important.
Health Status Variation Across Practices in Outpatients With Heart Failure
Authors: Khariton Yevgeniy , Hernandez Adrian F. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Sharma Puza P. , Duffy Carol I. , Thomas Laine , Mi Xiaojuan , Albert Nancy M. , Butler Javed , McCague Kevin , Nassif Michael E. , Williams Fredonia B. , DeVore Adam , Patterson J. Herbert , Spertus John A.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Although a key treatment goal for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is to optimize their health status (their symptoms, function, and quality of life), the variability across outpatient practices in achieving this goal is unknown.

Methods and Results:

In the CHAMP-HF (Change the Management of Patients With Heart Failure) registry, associations between baseline practice characteristics and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) Overall Summary (OS) and Symptom Frequency (SF) scores were assessed in 3494 patients across 140 US practices using hierarchical regression after accounting for 23 patient and 11 treatment characteristics. We then calculated an adjusted median odds ratio to quantify the average difference in likelihood that a patient would have excellent (KCCQ-OS, ≥75) health status or minimal (monthly or fewer) symptoms (KCCQ-SF, ≥75) when treated at one practice versus another, at random. The mean (±SD) KCCQ-OS and KCCQ-SF were 64.2±24 and 68.9±25.6, with 40% (n=1380) and 50% (n=1760) having KCCQ scores ≥75, respectively. The adjusted median odds ratio across practices, for KCCQ-OS ≥75, was 1.70 (95% confidence interval, 1.54–1.99;
P
<0.001) indicating a median 70% higher odds of a patient having good-to-excellent health status when treated at one random practice versus another. In regard to KCCQ-SF, the adjusted median odds ratio for KCCQ-SF ≥75 was 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.41–1.76;
P
=0.001).

Conclusions:

In a large, contemporary registry of outpatients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, we observed significant practice-level variability in patients’ health status. Quantifying patients’ health status as a measure of quality should be explored as a foundation for improving care.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.centerwatch.com
. Unique identifier: TX144901.
Attended and Unattended Automated Office Blood Pressure Measurements Have Better Agreement With Ambulatory Monitoring Than Conventional Office Readings
Authors: Andreadis Emmanuel A. , Geladari Charalampia V. , Angelopoulos Epameinondas T. , Savva Florentia S. , Georgantoni Anna I. , Papademetriou Vasilios
Published: April 2018

Background

Automated office blood pressure (AOBP) measurement is superior to conventional office blood pressure (OBP) because it eliminates the “white coat effect” and shows a strong association with ambulatory blood pressure.

Methods and Results

We conducted a cross‐sectional study in 146 participants with office hypertension, and we compared AOBP readings, taken with or without the presence of study personnel, before and after the conventional office readings to determine whether their variation in blood pressure showed a difference in blood pressure values. We also compared AOBP measurements with daytime ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and conventional office readings. The mean age of the studied population was 56±12 years, and 53.4% of participants were male. Bland–Altman analysis revealed a bias (ie, mean of the differences) of 0.6±6 mm Hg systolic for attended AOBP compared with unattended and 1.4±6 and 0.1±6 mm Hg bias for attended compared with unattended systolic AOBP when measurements were performed before and after conventional readings, respectively. A small bias was observed when unattended and attended systolic AOBP measurements were compared with daytime ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (1.3±13 and 0.6±13 mm Hg, respectively). Biases were higher for conventional OBP readings compared with unattended AOBP (−5.6±15 mm Hg for unattended AOBP and oscillometric OBP measured by a physician, −6.8±14 mm Hg for unattended AOBP and oscillometric OBP measured by a nurse, and −2.1±12 mm Hg for unattended AOBP and auscultatory OBP measured by a second physician).

Conclusions

Our findings showed that independent of the presence or absence of medical staff, AOBP readings revealed similar values that were closer to daytime ambulatory blood pressure monitoring than conventional office readings, further supporting the use of AOBP in the clinical setting.
Territorial fish distinguish familiar neighbours individually
Authors: Saeki Taiga , Sogawa Shumpei , Hotta Takashi , Kohda Masanori
Published: April 2018

True individual recognition (TIR), the ability to distinguish multiple familiar members individually, is more elaborate than class-level recognition, and evidence for the ability to perform TIR is reported from primates, some other social mammals, birds and lizard in vertebrates. These animals exhibit a highly social structure, wherein TIR is essential for their social interactions. Such high sociality has been documented in fish, but clear evidence of TIR has been limited. The cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher, a cooperative breeder that guards a territory, exhibits the dear enemy relationship. Here, we show that this fish distinguishes two familiar neighbours individually, i.e., TIR ability, using one-way mirrors in experimental tanks. Focal fish established the dear enemy relationship with two neighbours, NA and NB, and displayed limited aggression towards these familiar neighbours. However, their aggressiveness towards neighbour NB increased when they were shifted from the original side of the tank after NA was removed, suggesting that they distinguished NB from NA or regarded NB as a stranger. Interestingly, this aggression level against the shifted neighbour NB largely decreased within 1 min. This decrease contrasted with the longer and more frequent aggressiveness towards unfamiliar strangers. These results suggest that focal fish recognised neighbour NB as a familiar stranger but probably punished NB that moved beyond its territory, that is, betrayed the dear enemy relationship. We prevented the effects of the behavioural reactions of exposed individuals using a one-way mirror. Thus, we conclude that this fish species displays TIR and discuss that TIR is prevalent in territorial animals in which the dear enemy effect is common.
Three new species of the genus Kisaura Ross (1956) (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: PANDHER MANPREET SINGH , KAUR SIMARJIT , PAREY SAJAD H.
Published: April 2018

In this paper three new species of the genus Kisaura from Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India, are described and illustrated. The newly described species are K. sainii sp. n. (from Lumla), K. dirangensis sp. n. and K. vikrami sp. n. (both from Dirang). With these additions the total number of species in the genus from India now stands at 27.
A new species of Cyllopsis R. Felder, 1869 from the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)
Authors: WARREN ANDREW D. , NAKAHARA SHINICHI , LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS JORGE , LUIS-MARTÍNEZ ARMANDO , MILLER JACQUELINE Y.
Published: April 2018

A new species of Cyllopsis R. Felder, 1869, is described and illustrated from the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Cyllopsis tomemmeli A. Warren & Nakahara, sp. nov., is currently known from 13 specimens (9 males and 4 females) collected on March 26–28, 1959, southeast of San Cristóbal de Las Casas. Despite extensive studies on the butterfly fauna of this region, this species has not since been encountered. We discuss possible relationships between this new species and other species of Cyllopsis.
A Loran-Based Rawinsonde System for Undergraduate Meteorology Programs
Authors: Colby Frank P.
Published: April 2018

An affordable rawinsonde system that has proven helpful in teaching undergraduate meteorology is described. Not only have planned and written exercises been designed around data from the rawinsonde launches, but the actual launches themselves have encouraged an active learning process among the students. In addition, the equipment has enabled undergraduate students to participate in a number of research projects.
Workshop on Weather Radar Polarimetry for Research and Operational Applications
Authors: Illingworth Anthony J. , Zrnic Dusan
Published: April 2018

A workshop on weather radar polarimetry for research and operational applications was held on 22 and 23 February 1994 at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Polarization radar can provide estimates of the shapes, sizes, phase, and fall orientations of hydrometeors. This information can be used to remove some of the ambiguities present when only the reflectivity is measured. The morning of 22 February was devoted to 16 short presentations highlighting recent advances in polarimetric radar. The afternoon was dedicated to four discussion sessions that further developed important topics. On the following day, plans for the upgrading and development of the existing NCAR polarization radar capability were presented and debated. The workshop resulted in four recommendations: three of which proposed specific field measurement programs to quantify the potential improvements provided by the polarization techniques.
Weather Radar Polarimetry–Trends Toward Operational Applications
Authors: Zrnić Dušan S.
Published: April 2018

This is a version of a speech presented at the 27th Conference on Radar Meteorology. Relative advantages of polarimetry are contrasted with the advantages accrued by the introduction of radar into meteorology and by the addition of Doppler measurements. A description of present interests as perceived by the author follows, and possible future trends are suggested.
Descent Rate Models of the Synchronization of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation by the Annual Cycle in Tropical Upwelling
Authors: Rajendran Kylash , Moroz Irene M. , Osprey Scott M. , Read Peter L.
Published: April 2018

The response of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) to an imposed mean upwelling with a periodic modulation is studied, by modeling the dynamics of the zero wind line at the equator using a class of equations known as descent rate models. These are simple mathematical models that capture the essence of QBO synchronization by focusing on the dynamics of the height of the zero wind line. A heuristic descent rate model for the zero wind line is described and is shown to capture many of the synchronization features seen in previous studies of the QBO. It is then demonstrated using a simple transformation that the standard Holton–Lindzen model of the QBO can itself be put into the form of a descent rate model if a quadratic velocity profile is assumed below the zero wind line. The resulting nonautonomous ordinary differential equation captures much of the synchronization behavior observed in the full Holton–Lindzen partial differential equation. The new class of models provides a novel framework within which to understand synchronization of the QBO, and we demonstrate a close relationship between these models and the circle map well known in the mathematics literature. Finally, we analyze reanalysis datasets to validate some of the predictions of our descent rate models and find statistically significant evidence for synchronization of the QBO that is consistent with model behavior.