bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the Quality and Quantity of Empon-Empon Based Instant Herbal Drink Products in Home Industry (IRT) Production in Kebakalan Village Karanggayam District, Kebumen Regency
Authors: Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah , Fauza Gusti , Hadi Syamsul , Astirin Okid Parama
Published: January 2024

Masyarakat Indonesia telah lama memanfaatkannya empon-empon seperti: jahe, kunyit, temulawak, dan sereh.sebagai obat alami dan dalam jamu tradisional. Di Desa Kebakalan, Kecamatan Karanggayam, Kebumen, terdapat potensi besar untuk mengolah empon-empon menjadi minuman herbal instan karena produksi empon-empon yang melimpah. Pemerintah Desa Kebakalan berusaha meningkatkan industri jamu lokal agar dapat bersaing di pasar nasional. Namun, masih ada kendala dalam produksi minuman herbal instan karena kadar air yang tinggi. Masih tingginya kadar air pada produk IRT Kebakalan Herbal menyebabkan umur simpan produk pendek dan kesulitan dalam persaingan di pasar. Pengabdian tahun 2023 berfokus pada evaluasi proses produksi dan identifikasi masalah dalam pembuatan minuman herbal instan. Perbaikan dilakukan, termasuk merancang alat produksi ekstraksi yang lebih efisien dan memilih bahan kemasan yang sesuai. Pengabdian melibatkan IRT Kebakalan Herbal dalam menyepakati program perbaikan. Simpulan hasil pengabdian menunukkan bahwa teknologi pengeringan serbuk herbal instan berbahan dasar empon-empon berhasil menjadikan kemasan produk herbal empon-empon lebih baik, tidak lembab dan bisa bertahan lama.
Realism’s Timeless Wisdom and its Relevance for the Global South
Authors: BECKMANN Nicolas Alexander , ERPUL Onur
Published: January 2024

Since the numerous calls for developing a truly global and plural IR discipline,

a growing spate of IR studies have sought to contextualize and critique the

Euro-centeredness of the field. One of the most significant problems scholars

have pointed out is the hegemonic status of Anglo-American IR theories, which

seemingly assert an ontological preeminence and universality at the expense of

local knowledge and homegrown theories. While the present article shares many

of global IR’s concerns, it nevertheless proposes that in our quest to teach IR

and develop homegrown theories, we should not lose sight of the importance

of traditional contributions to the field. Our argument is based on a series of

reflections about the relevance of realist scholarship for the developing world.

Through an analysis of the major criticisms of classical IR theories, we seek to

show that classical and, to a lesser extent, structural and neoclassical realism

contain several and diverse arguments that speak directly to audiences in

the global South. Classical realism, in particular, shares some interesting

commonalities with postcolonial theory, which could pave the way for a more

systematic engagement between the two approaches. Therefore, we argue that

a global IR founded primarily on critiquing classical theories would be an

impoverished IR, and “the thousand small steps” to a globalized discipline ought

not neglect the valuable insights and reflections of traditional theory.
ANALISIS LAJU DEFORMASI PAHAT CARBIDE PADA SIMULASI PEMBUBUTAN BAJA ST41 DENGAN MESIN BUBUT KONVENSIONAL MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ANSYS
Authors: Ulin Nuha  , Golwa Gian Villany
Published: January 2024

In the machining process, knowledge of the tool and workpiece is required to achieve maximum results between quality and productivity. Tool wear parameters are very important to know because the process of changing or sharpening the tool can be predicted. One thing that influences the tool wear rate is the friction force between the tool and the workpiece. This frictional force will produce vibrations and heat energy, causing the chisel grains to erode so that they will experience wear within certain standards. This research aims to analyze the wear value of carbide-type tool edges in the ST41 material turning process based on the friction force that occurs between the tool and the workpiece. Then, from the wear value, the recommended cutting speed is. The method used is simulation-based research using ANSYS software, especially ANSYS Mechanical, by entering predetermined parameters, including diameter and spindle rotation. From the simulation results, the total deformation of workpieces with diameters of 25 mm, 35 mm and 45 mm is 0.363 μm, 0.155 μm and 0.152 μm, respectively. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the largest total deformation is at a diameter of 25 mm.
Estudo numérico de vigas em concreto armado reforçadas ao cisalhamento com PRFC
Authors: De Freitas Arcine Maicon , Villanova Menon Nara
Published: January 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar numericamente o reforço e a interface adesiva de uma viga em concreto armado a esforços cortantes. O estudo foi baseado em resultados experimentais coletados da literatura atual. O sistema de reforço consistiu em usar mantas de Polímeros Reforçados com Fibras de Carbono (PRFC) coladas em “U” em regiões críticas de cisalhamento. Os resultados da simulação numérica foram considerados eficientes. Pequenas diferenças na ductilidade entre as vigas simuladas e as experimentais foram observadas, fato devido a não consideração do escorregamento das barras da armadura. Mesmo com reforço, colapsos frágeis ainda são observados, provenientes do descolamento de parte do PRFC.
Restauración de la fachada de la iglesia de San Pedro Apóstol de Agost, España
Authors: Ivorra Salvador , Spairani Yolanda , Huesca José Antonio , Saura Pascual , Jordá Enrique
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo describe los estudios realizados y la intervención llevada a cabo para la restauración de la portada de la fachada de San Pedro Apóstol en la Iglesia parroquial de Agost. Esta portada se realizó a finales del siglo XVIII en piedra calcárea. Tras una primera inspección y levantamiento gráfico de la misma se identificaron las lesiones, su origen y la solución a las mismas, empleando técnicas avanzadas de restauración. Los elementos de piedra dañados o destruidos por el paso del tiempo están compuestos por calcita, dolomita y sílice, con juntas de yeso, y se han reconstruido bien mediante el uso de nuevos elementos o, en su mayor parte, mediante sistemas de recuperación del volumen inicial con la utilización de un núcleo ligero de poliestireno, morteros de cal, arcilla expandida, fibra de vidrio y carbono junto con infiltraciones de resinas en las zonas disgregadas. Tras un proceso delicado proceso de intervención con técnicas innovadoras la fachada ha finalizado su restauración en junio de 2023.
Modificación de una estructura metálica por cambio de uso
Authors: Gómez José Luis , Klein Karin
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es discutir las modificaciones realizadas sobre una estructura metálica construida en 1930, conformada por vigas reticuladas triangulares apoyadas sobre muros perimetrales de 60 cm de espesor y 14 columnas metálicas interiores para cubrir una superficie de 875 m2 que albergaba las actividades del mercado central de la cuidad de Deán Funes. En la década del 80 la gestión municipal plantea su recuperación para nuevos usos deportivos presentándose el desafío estructural de la eliminación de los apoyos intermedios. El proyecto y la construcción datan de esa época, y por ello se discuten la vigencia de los conceptos y soluciones adoptadas, así como la importancia de un plan de mantenimiento para garantizar el grado de seguridad de la obra.
Buku Ajar FIQIH Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Nisak Nur Maslikhatun , Asmanto Eko
Published: January 2024

Puji syukur kami panjatkan kepada Allah SWT, atas rahmad dan taufik serta hidayah –Nya Buku Ajar FIQIH MI dapat terselesaikan dengan baik dan tanpa da halangan yang berarti. Sholawat serta salam kami haturkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW.Tim Penulis mengucapkan Terima kasih
Front Matter
Authors: Mann Tony
Published: January 2024

Table of contents etc
An Optimization Analysis of the Melt-Cutting Diversion Jetting Mechanism for Downhole Drilling Columns
Authors: Jing Jun , Luo Xirui , Zhu Xiaohua , Peng Yang , Shan Hongbin
Published: January 2024

Molten metal jet cutting, based on the transient superexothermic characteristics of aluminum thermal reaction, presents a novel technology for swiftly cutting and disposing of stuck drilling columns in downhole oil and gas wells. The key to achieving efficient cutting in drilling columns lies in the jetting mechanism, which guides the high-speed radial ejection of aluminum thermal reaction products that act upon the metal pipe wall. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to establish a fluid domain model for the process of cutting molten drilling columns. The optimization of the jetting mechanism is conducted to improve the circumferential coverage by the molten metal by analyzing the impact of molten metal yield and jetting mechanism parameters (cone angle of the conical conductor, diameter, number and length of nozzles, and shape of the diverter). Finally, an ejection test is carried out to verify the optimized jetting mechanism. Research results show that increasing the cone angle of the conical conductor can increase the flow rate of the molten metal at the upper end of the axial nozzle assembly to smoothly discharge the molten metal. Increasing the number of nozzles with equal diameters can increase the circumferential distribution range of molten metal ejected into the cutting area. However, the molten metal circumferential coverage will be impacted by increasing cutting distance. Increasing the nozzle size can reduce the divergence of the molten metal, thereby improving the coverage of the molten metal in the cutting area. When the nozzle arc length L = 8 mm, the molten metal can cover almost the entire cutting area. Adding a 2-mm horizontal draining table at the end of the diverter can assist the molten metal in changing its flow direction, allowing the molten metal to be ejected in a radial direction. The research results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing fusion cutting tools and formulating cutting processes.
Full Endoscopic Paramedian Partial Lumbar Corpectomy for a Lumbar Burst Fracture With Spinal Canal and Foraminal Stenosis: A Case Report With a Technical Note
Authors: Lin Chun-Hao , Wu Jeffrey , Hsu Ting-Shuo , Hsieh Yueh-Ying , Chiang Chang-Jung , Chen Chia-Hsien
Published: January 2024

Burst fractures are common in thoracolumbar spinal injuries, often resulting in vertebral collapse with or without neurological deficits. While traditional open surgery is the standard approach for surgical decompression, it has some drawbacks and complications. Conversely, full endoscopic spine surgery remains underexplored for these patients. This case report presents a 77-year-old patient with an L3 burst fracture and severe neurological deficits caused by retropulsion bone fragments, leading to spinal canal compromise and right L3–4 foraminal stenosis. The patient underwent a full endoscopic paramedian approach for partial lumbar corpectomy and foraminal fragment removal. Vertebroplasty and short-segment pedicle screw fixation were also performed to restore sagittal alignment and spinal stability. After surgery, the patient experienced significant improvements in pain, numbness, and muscle strength. Radiographic assessments confirmed successful correction of the deformity and decompression of the spinal canal. The study emphasizes the benefits of endoscopic techniques in enhancing patient recovery for burst fractures. However, certain limitations are acknowledged, including the need for further research and expertise in utilizing this approach. In conclusion, paramedian endoscopy shows promise as a valuable alternative to traditional open surgery, offering potential advantages in terms of complications and recovery for burst fracture management.
Endoscopic Fixation of Bilateral L5 Spondylolysis Based on a New Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Brito Marcelo Botelho Soares de , Couto Bruno Brasil do , Silveira Geison Victor Gonçalves , D’Andrade Victor Gabriel Izel , Cruz Thiago Sequeira da , Soares João Paulo Cavalcanti Figueiredo
Published: January 2024

We describe the use of an endoscopic approach to fix a pars interarticularis defect in a 33-year-old man with a 7-year history of refractory low back pain, whose case had been previously diagnosed as spondylolysis. The advantage of using this technique lies in minimum muscle trauma, since it only requires a single 6-mm transverse incision. Neither intraoperative nor postoperative complications were observed. The patient reported nocturnal pain improvement and presented favourable clinical recovery after 3.5 years of follow-up. He recorded an 8% Oswestry Disability Index and visual analogue scale scores of 2 and 0 for low back and lower-limb pain, respectively. Therefore, the endoscopic technique described herein is a feasible approach to treating spondylolysis.
Genetic Insights into Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine through a Study of the 540-dihydropteroate synthetase gene Mutations in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Jehoshaphat Nelson Nwankwo , Paul Joel , Kutshik Richard Joseph , Omaiyi Mercy Simon , Shangshikmwa Gaknung Kopdimma , Timloh Fakdul , Davoub Dinci Tyem , Yakubub Bitrus , Longdet Yohanna , Mankilik Maryam M.
Published: January 2024

Aims: To investigate mutations in the 540-dihydropteroate synthetase (540dhps) gene, specifically at codon 540, that may confer resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment by Plasmodium falciparum in Jos.
Study design: This cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: The samples for this study were gathered in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, between October 2019 and January 2021.
Methodology: One hundred malaria cases were assessed, and parasite DNA was extracted from whole blood samples using Zymo extraction kits. PCR and gel electrophoresis identified the Plasmodium genus and Plasmodium falciparum, along with the 540-dihydropteroate synthetase gene. Sanger sequencing and bioinformatics analyses (nucleotide blast, blastx, and query-anchored alignment view with dot of the NCBI tool) were employed.
Results: Results revealed that 50% of the tested samples were positive for the Plasmodium genus, with 96% identified as Plasmodium falciparum. Point mutations were found in the 540dhps gene at codon K540E in 16.67% of the samples. Interestingly, while a nucleotide mutation occurred in the DNA's coding region, it did not translate into amino acid changes, indicating no likely impact on the protein's functionality.
Conclusion: This study highlights the prevailing presence of Plasmodium falciparum in Jos, with a significant 96% prevalence among malaria patients. Contrary to the previously reported mutations at codon K540E on 540dhps, the mutation observed in the nucleotide sequence in our findings did not affect the amino acid sequence, suggesting that this mutation may not be associated with the literature previously reported on resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine drug
Characterization of typological rocks using the geomagnetic method for mapping geological disaster susceptibility areas in Malang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Zulaikah Siti , Susilo Adi , Pohan Ahmad Fauzi , Hasan Muhammad Fathur Rouf , Idmi Mohammad Habiby , Adhi Mochamad Aryono , Suaidi Daeng Achmad , Muztaza Nordiana Mohd
Published: January 2024

Based on data from the BPBD Malang Regency, more than 100 geological disasters, such as earthquakes, landslides, and subsidence, yearly with losses of up to 3 Billion IDR. Based on field observations, one of the villages that frequently experience landslides and subsidence almost every year is Srimulyo Village, Dampit District. This condition requires research on the subsurface to analyze the trigger factors for geological disasters to increase disaster mitigation and awareness. This study aims to analyze the typological characteristics of the rocks in the study area using the geomagnetic method as a geological disaster mitigation strategy. The method is geomagnetic; measurement designs regularly cover the entire study area with a distance of 300 meters between measurement points, while research is presented in 2D models and the analysis is based on the measured magnetic anomaly values on the reduce to pole (RTP) map. The results showed that the correlation between the RTP maps, regional geology, and field observations gave mutually correlated results. Based on the interpretation result of the RTP map, we create a Disaster Risk Zone map marked with the highest magnetic anomaly values in the northwest and northeast areas. The types of disasters in this zone vary, such as landslides, ground movements, and earthquake damage. The meeting between compact rock layers with sandy clay layers and faults causes rocks that were originally stable to become unstable, so the potential for disaster is large. The results of this study contribute to the local government in carrying out disaster mitigation and development planning.
The leaf litterfall patterns of Alnus alnobetula subsp. maximowiczii Chery at the timberline of Mt. Fuji, central Japan
Authors: Sakio Hitoshi , Masuzawa Takehiro
Published: January 2024

Alnus alnobetula subsp. maximowiczii Chery is a dwarf shrub found at the timberline of Mt. Fuji. This species has been suggested to promote soil eutrophication in two ways: it can fix aerial nitrogen through symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in its root system, and its fallen leaves are rich in nitrogen. In this study, we investigated the defoliation and leaf dispersal pattern of A. alnobetula subsp. maximowiczii at the timberline of Mt. Fuji. The petioles of all leaves of A. alnobetula in the research plots were marked with vinyl tape. The marked leaves were collected in November, when all leaves had fallen, and their locations were recorded. We found that leaf litter of this species was scattered above the dwarf shrub community, with the distribution of fallen leaves likely influenced by prevailing winds. The fallen leaves trapped in herbaceous patches above the timberline may contribute to soil eutrophication and accelerate the upward elevational movement of the timberline.
Exploring the Content of Epilepsy Fellowship Program Websites: An Analysis of Information Available to Applicants
Authors: Marsia Shayan , Kamran Alishba , Shah Sayed Mustafa Mahmood , Merchant Rameez Ali , Abbas Shan E
Published: January 2024

Background: Program websites are essential resources in the process of residency and fellowship application. We evaluated the information furnished on these resources by Epilepsy fellowship programs. The extent of information provided was compared across geographic zones, academic affiliation, and national ranking.
Methods: A list of Epilepsy fellowship programs was derived from the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA). Links to program websites were obtained directly from FREIDA or using Google’s search engine. Online data was categorized to reflect program information, education, recruitment, compensation, epilepsy center-specific information, and social media presence. Data points under each category were collected to develop a standardized scoring system. The frequency of criterion present was compared across geographic zones, academic affiliation, and national ranking using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests. Significance was determined at a p-value ≤0.05 for all cases. The study utilized IBM SPSS version 28 and Python 3.11.3.
Results: We analyzed 80 Epilepsy fellowship programs. The most reported feature was the program director’s name and email (100.0%). The least reported features included board pass rates (1.3%), preparatory boot camp (8.8%), and post-fellowship placements (11.3%). Programs were found to be well-represented on Twitter (88.8%), Facebook (81.3%), and Instagram (71.3%). Most (85.0%) of the programs were searchable through Google. The scores for program information, education, recruitment, compensation, epilepsy center-specific information, and social media visibility did not significantly vary based on location, academic affiliation, or rank status.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that despite an online presence, there is much room for improvement in the content available to the applicant. To improve the Match process and attract a roster of well-informed fellows, Epilepsy fellowship programs should furnish program websites with up-to-date information relevant to program information, education, recruitment, compensation, and epilepsy center-specific information.
Challenging Steroid Shift in Neuronavigation - A clinical study proposal
Authors: Roy Amrit , Maschke Svenja , Warade Abhijit , Misra Basant Kumar
Published: January 2024

The intraoperative orientation for neurosurgeons is routinely aided by tools such as neuronavigation. For this purpose, imaging data of the head are referenced to the patient's fixed head with the aid of electromagnetically or optically recorded surface points. However, a certain susceptibility for inaccuracy remains.
Steroids such as dexamethasone are routinely given to reduce perifocal edema. Clinical improvement as well as reduction of edema can be observed radiologically just hours after steroid application – also making it a preoperative potential source of metric inaccuracy.
The effect of steroids on tissue and tumoral shift on neuronavigation has not been quantified to date. While there are several reasons for navigation inacurracy, this type of shift is often forgotten and not accounted for, but could be easily corrected. We propose the need to perform an additional preoperative cranial MRI (cMRI) shortly before the biopsy/resection in patients who have received steroids due to perifocal cerebral edema to (1) quantify and (2) compensate for steroid induced tumor shift and thereby improve inaccuracies of neuronavigation.
Intelligent control algorithm for industrial robots when performing the assembly operation of cylindrical non-rigid parts
Authors: Vartanov Mikhail Vladimirovich , Nguyen Van Linh , Kogan Efim Alexandrovich , Dao Van Luu
Published: January 2024

When developing robotic assembly technology, it is necessary to use intelligent algorithms that control the assembly process online. One of the tasks that has been little studied so far is the assembly of cylindrical non-rigid parts. Mathematical models of the coupling stages during robotic assembly have been developed, which are necessary for the identification of the signals of the force-torque sensor. The obtained analytical solutions make it possible to determine the conditions for the occurrence of jamming of the non-rigid shaft during two-point contact during the coupling of the shaft with a rigid sleeve. The obtained values of deflections and angles of rotation allow us to correct the movement of the output link of the robot during the assembly operation. A mathematical model is presented for solving the problem of determining the current contact state (CS) during assembly using the support vector machine (SVM) method when obtaining information about the position coordinates by the control system of an industrial robot and forces from a force-torque sensor. The algorithm was tested on an IRB-140 industrial robot with an IRC5 controller equipped with an FTN-AXIA80 SI500-20 Ethernet force-torque sensor from Schunk.
Obstetric cholestasis and its impact on the maternal outcome
Authors: TIWARI EKTA , PARVEEN SHAZIA , NOOR NASREEN
Published: January 2024

AIM
To evaluate the association of GDM and pre-eclampsia in women with obstetric cholestasis
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Pregnant women with >28weeks gestation attending ANC, OPD and labour room of J.N.M.C.H,AMU, Aligarh U.P (India) from 2020-2022 were included in the study after taking informed consent and ethical approval from the Institute. Women were divided into two groups ie group 1 having 200 women with IHCP and group 2 having 200 healthy pregnant women, both the groups were followed up for the development of GDM and pre-eclampsia.
RESULTS
A statistically significant association was observed between IHCP and development of GDM (26.5% & Odds ratio 1.64) and pre-eclampsia (17% & Odds ratio 1.95) (p<0.05), also GDM and pre-eclampsia were found to be significantly associated with the severity of cholestasis (p<0.05).
Thus on calculating odds ratio, we found higher odds of developing GDM and Pre-eclampsia in IHCP group with raised serum bile acid levels, maximum at 60μmol/L level as compared to 10-40 μmol/L (GDM: OR:8.647 & Pre-eclampsia: OR:6.303). Induction and cesarean rate was significantly higher in IHCP group (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Our study concludes significant association of IHCP with GDM and Pre- eclampsia as all three shares common pathogenetic pathways and greater risk of development was at higher serum bile acid levels.
Does Business Environment Optimization Improve Carbon Emission Efficiency? Evidence from Provincial Panel Data in China
Authors: Li Peiyu , Liu Xinzhi
Published: January 2024

Previous research has yielded varied conclusions regarding the effect of business environment (BE) optimization to improve carbon emission efficiency (CEE). In this study, CEE and BE are assessed using energy consumption and economic growth data from 30 provinces in China. The research employs fixed effects, quantile, and mediation effect models to analyze the direct impact, nonlinear characteristics, mechanism, and heterogeneity of BE on CEE. The research found that. Firstly, the BE optimization enhances CEE, with a 1% increase leading to a 0.095% improvement in CEE. Secondly, the influence of the BE on CEE exhibits marginal diminishing traits that decline as CEE improves. Thirdly, the analysis of mechanisms reveals that the BE primarily impacts CEE through positive mechanisms such as industrial structure optimization and green technology progress, as well as a negative mechanism known as the energy rebound effect. Lastly, the analysis of heterogeneity indicates that the BE exerts a more substantial influence on CEE in regions characterized by robust government governance, younger officials, and highly educated officials. These findings offer valuable insights for local governments seeking to leverage the BE to enhance energy efficiency and foster sustainable development.
Composite rectification in modeling of rolling force for hot rolled thick plate
Authors: Guo Xiao Xiao , Zhang Shun Hu , Wang Li , Li Wei Gang , Zhang Lei
Published: January 2024

In order to eliminate the predicted bias of the traditional Sims model, a new method, called the composite rectification method, is firstly proposed. Firstly, the deformation resistance model based on industrial big data is built based on the generalized additive principle. This new model is adopted to replace the deformation resistance model in the Sims model. Through this factor replacement, the effect of deformation resistance bias due to the traditional regression method was eliminated, resulting in the once-time corrected Sims model with significantly improved accuracy compared to the original Sims model. On this basis, to solve the mathematical form imperfection caused by the introduction of many assumptions during the derivation of the Sims model, a back propagation (BP) neural network model on the bias of the once-time corrected Sims model is built. Ultimately, the double correction of the Sims model is realized through the additive compensation method, and an integrated model of rolling force is ultimately obtained. By comparing, it is shown that the average error of the traditional Sims model is as high as 34.22%. This error can be minimized to 9.40% with once-time correction and further reduced to 3.06% with the double correction. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the rolling force can be improved gradually by the proposed composite rectification method, and the bias brought by model influence factor and mathematical formcan be eliminated. The composite rectification method presented in this article can provide a new way of modeling complex systems with high precision.
Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation Incidence and Prophylaxis in Adult Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Aleissa Muneerah , Alsuhebany Nada , Alshehri Bashayer , Aldairem Atheer , AlQatani Hajar , Albarqi Khalid , Almotairi Basil , AlAmri Mohammed , Alanazi Walid , Alay Saeed , Alahmari Bader , Alzahrani Mohsen
Published: January 2024

Patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) are at increased risk for reactivation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection due to their immunocompromised state. This retrospective cohort study assesses the efficacy of Acyclovir (ACV) prophylaxis against HSV reactivation in allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) recipients in Saudi Arabia. Conducted at a single institution from January 2016 to March 2023, and the study included 371 allo-HSCT patients aged over 14 who received oral ACV post-transplantation. Statistical analyses, including Chi-squared, Fisher’s exact, and independent T-tests, evaluated the data, while Cox and multivariable logistic regression models identified risk factors and the impact on overall survival (OS). Findings show that the two-year incidence of HSV reactivation was 11.3% in patients with malignant hematological conditions and 8.6% in those with non-malignant conditions. A total of 93.5% of patients received 400 mg of ACV orally twice daily. High HCT CI scores (≥ 3), underlying malignant conditions, and graft-versus-host disease emerged as significant reactivation predictors. The study concludes that HSV reactivation, occurring in approximately 10% of the cohort, correlates with a decline in OS. It suggests that patients with higher risk profiles may benefit from intensified HSV prophylaxis, providing a foundation for potential adjustments in clinical protocols at our institution.
A Mendelian randomization study: Association of Cathepsin with Osteoarticular Muscle Diseases
Authors: Yang Wei , Han Xiuzhen , Cui Miao , Guan Mengqi , Yu Qingyuan , Yang Peng , Li Zhenhua
Published: January 2024

Objective: The cathepsin present in lysosomal cells may be closely related to bone, muscle & joint diseases (BMJD)including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, but its specific mechanism of action still needs further research and exploration. The aim of this study is to use a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) comprehensive analysis to explore the causal relationship between cathepsin and the risk of BMJD.
Method: Based on the published genetic data, this study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) comprehensive analysis method to explore the causality of morbidity risk between 9 cathepsins with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, peripheral arthritis(Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and postdysentery joint disease), psoriatic joint disease, lower back pain, spinal stenosis, osteoporosis, bone necrosis, and connective tissue disease, cartilage diseases, benign tumors, myositis, synovitis and tenosynovitis (radial styloid tenosynovitis), shoulder periarthritis, neuromuscular junction diseases, and muscle atrophy. Meanwhile, in order to further reveal the possibility of reverse causality, we conducted a reverse Mendelian randomization analysis,using Cochran's Q test and MR Egger intercept test to evaluate the heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy,and stability of SNPs.
Result: The study found that cathepsin B may be negatively correlated with ulcerative colitis arthritis, cathepsin E may be positively correlated with osteoarthritis, cathepsin E may be negatively correlated with musculoskeletal connective tissue diseases, cathepsin G may be positively correlated with ankylosing spondylitis, and cathepsin L2 may be positively correlated with cartilage diseases, Cathepsin S may be positively correlated with rheumatoid arthritis; through reverse MR analysis, we found that osteoporosis may lead to an increase in cathepsin B. In addition, we did not find any relationship between synovitis, tenosynovitis, shoulder periarthritis, bone necrosis, neuritis, osteoporosis,Crohn's arthritis,dysentery arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, low back pain,and cathepsin.
Conclusion: Based on large-scale population studies of GWAS data, we conducted MR analysis and demonstrated a close relationship between cathepsins and BMJD from a genetic perspective, which may provide a basis for the pathogenesis of BMJD and provide new directions for future treatment strategies.
Abdominal Wall and limb necrotizing fasciitis: an extremely rare post -operative complication
Authors: Sakhri Saida , Krimi Ons , Khessairi Nayssem , Abidi Fethia , Slimane Maher , Bouaziz Hanen , Dhiab Tarek Ben
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Infectious affections are the most frequent post-operative complications, the rates have been reducing due to the administration of perioperative antibiotics and they are rarely serious. They are usually associated to pelvic collections, fistulas, urinary tract stenosis and, exceptionally, necrotizing fasciitis (FN) and pelvic organ necrosis [1].There is no well-codified therapeutic consensus,. An urgent care of pelvic necrosis requires surgical debridement of necrotic tissues with a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
Case presentation: A 42-year-old female patient, was referred to our department for a stage IIIC2 adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. She underwent chemo-radiation followed by a colpo-hysterectomy . Two months after surgery, the patient presented with recto-vaginal fistula associated with a pelvic collection. Abdominal CT scan revealed a recto-vaginal fistula fed by a 5cm pelvic collection originating from the uterine cavity. The patient was treated with antibiotics and then underwent a surgical evacuation of the collection and a bypass colostomy. The post-operative period was marked by the occurrence of an extensive necrosis to pelvic organs, namely the bladder and the anterior wall of the rectum which extended to the anterior and medial left leg’s thigh compartments muscles. She also presented a thrombosis of the left external iliac vein and artery, with necrosis of their vascular walls. Given the septic conditions, a revascularization procedure was not feasible. A bilateral ureterostomy was required, as well as ligature of the left external iliac vessels. The patient underwent post-surgical palliative treatment, and she died one month after surgery of multivisceral failure due to sepsis.
Conclusion: Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, but extremely serious condition, with a mortality rate of up to 30%. The prognosis can be improved with rapid management and appropriate medical and surgical treatment including large excisions of necrotic tissue, and antibiotic therapy adapted to the suspected germs, essentially anaerobic ones.
Producing supersaturated dissolved oxygen seawater and its applications
Authors: Hirayama Shin , Urata Kazuya , Kusumoto Miyuki , Ikegami Yasuyuki
Published: January 2024

Conditions for photosynthetically generating high concentrations of dissolved oxygen were evaluated using sterile Ulva lactuca. During culture under, we controlled the following conditions such as aeration, NO3-N concentration, and population density. As a result, it reached approximately 3.8 times its saturated concentration 3 hours after cultivation. Here, we show that this high level of dissolved oxygen can be maintained if the seal on the supersaturated dissolved oxygen seawater is properly maintained. Seawater with high levels of dissolved oxygen is essential for growing oysters and vivalve which also prefer 20-25℃ of growth temperature. Therefore, we have developed a new system for simultaneously growing sterile Ulva sp. and culturing oysters.
The effect of esketamine on perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction in elderly patients who underwent gastrointestinal tumor surgery: a randomized double-blind controlled study
Authors: Ma Xiaoyan , Yu Wenli , Jia Lili , Sheng Mingwei , Weng Yiqi , Sun Ying , Yang Lirong
Published: January 2024

Background: We aimed to whether esketamine induction and maintenance of general anesthesia could reduce the incidence of perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery and explore the related mechanisms preliminarily.
Patients and methods: A total of 153 elderly patients were divided into two groups: a control group (group C, n=75) and an esketamine group (group K, n=78). In group K, 0.3 mg/kg esketamine was injected intravenously during anesthesia induction, and 0.3 mg·kg-1·h-1 was injected intravenously to maintain anesthesia. In group C, esketamine was replaced with an equal volume of normal saline. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality 1 day before surgery and at 1, 3, 7, and 30 days after surgery. A battery of neurological tests was used to assess cognitive function 1 day before surgery and 7 and 30 days after surgery. Serum IL-6, TNF-α, NSE and Aβ1~42 concentrations were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before surgery, at the end of surgery and 1 day after surgery.
Results: The incidence of PND in group K at 7 days after surgery was lower than that in group C (P<0.05). Compared with that in group C, the PSQI score in group K was lower at 1 and 3 days after surgery (P<0.05). Compared with those in group C, the TNF-ɑ concentration in group K were lower both after surgery and 1 day after surgery (P<0.05), and the IL-6, NSE and Aβ1-42 concentration were lower at 1 day after surgery (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The use of esketamine for anesthesia induction and maintenance in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery inhibited inflammation, alleviated neuronal injury and degeneration, improved postoperative sleep quality and cognitive function, and reduced the incidence of PND.
Disruption and sustainment of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain in the Veterans Health Administration following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McGuire Alan , Flanagan Mindy , Coffing Jessica , Traylor Morgan , Myers Laura , Henry Nancy , Carter Jessica , Kukla Marina , Matthias Marianne
Published: January 2024

The sustainability of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is a pressing issue for implementation science and healthcare systems. The COVID-19 pandemic and related policies severely strained healthcare systems, thus representing a key test of the sustainability of EBPs. The current study examined the sustainability of one EBP- cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain (CBT-CP) - in the Veterans Health Administration. Changes in provision of CBT-CP after the onset of COVID-19 were examined both qualitatively, using administrative datasets, and qualitatively, through interviews with CBT-CP providers. Changes in total psychotherapy services were also examined for reference. Results indicated CBT-CP provision was substantially disrupted by COVID-19. Interviewees reported difficulties regarding engagement in virtual sessions, disruptions from the home environment, and logistical challenges. Results indicate specific pathways by which the pandemic may have negatively affected the sustainability of this EBP.
Perinatal Outcomes of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies with Selective Fetal Growth Restriction According to Umbilical Artery Dopplers and Fetal intervention: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mustafa Hiba J. , Javinani Ali , Heydari Mohammad-Hossein , Aghajani Faezeh , Saldaña Alexander Vásquez , Rohita Dipesh K. , Khalil Asma
Published: January 2024

Objective
To investigate perinatal outcomes of monochorionic twins complicated by selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) classified according to umbilical artery (UA) Doppler and type of management including expectant management, fetoscopic laser therapy, and selective reduction of the smaller twin.
Methods
A systematic search was performed in 3 databases until June 2022. The primary outcome was mortality including intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), neonatal death (NND), and perinatal death (PND), and secondary outcomes were gestational age at birth, birthweight, and neonatal outcomes including survival free from neurological complications (intact survival). Meta-analyses of proportions were used to analyze the extracted data.
Results
27 studies encompassing 354 monochorionic twin pregnancies with type I sFGR, 421 type II sFGR, and 475 type III sFGR were included. In pregnancies with type I sFGR managed expectantly, the smaller twin IUFD occurred in 2% (95% CI 1–6), NND in 2% (95% CI 0–50), while 96% (95% CI 88–99) survived without neurological compromise. In pregnancies with type I sFGR managed with laser, smaller twin IUFD occurred in 12% (95% CI 4–25). In type II sFGR managed expectantly, smaller twin IUFD occurred in 18% (95% CI 1–30), NND in 17% (95% CI 1–26), and 38% (95% CI 22–56) survived without neurological compromise. In pregnancies with type II sFGR managed with laser, smaller twin IUFD occurred in 55% (95% CI 48–63), and 42% (95% CI 3–54) survived without neurological compromise. In type III sFGR managed expectantly, smaller twin IUFD occurred in 16% (95% CI 11–23), NND in 5% (95% CI 3–8), and 62% (95% CI 32–86) survived without neurological compromise. With laser, the smaller twin IUFD occurred in 16% (95% CI 11–23), PND in 63% (95% CI 37–84), and 80% (95% CI 44–97) survived without neurological compromise.
Conclusion
Type I sFGR has low risk of IUFD with expectant management. Type III sFGR had higher morbidity and mortality with laser therapy compared to expectant management. Type II sFGR treated with laser therapy had higher mortality but somehow lower morbidity compared to those managed expectantly, with scarce outcomes data following selective reduction.
Isolation and molecular characterization of the first G8-type sheep rotavirus identified in China
Authors: Li Ping , Gai WenYan , Zhao DengShuai , Zhang DaJun , Yang Xing , Shi XiJuan , Chen LingLing , Zhao MeiYu , Zhao SiYue , Chen GuoHui , He Lu , Yan WenQian , Bei XinTian , Shang YouJun , Zheng HaiXue , Zhang KeShan
Published: January 2024

Objective The objectives were to isolate the Chinese G8 sheep rotavirus and to study some of its genotypic characteristics, to provide basic information for the epidemiological pathology of sheep rotavirus and to provide key biological materials for the study of its pathogenic mechanism. Methods In 2023, anal swabs and small intestinal samples were collected from sheep with clinical manifestations of diarrhea at a Gansu sheep farm. Using RT-PCR, tissue sections, and virus isolation and identification methods, viral infections were investigated in sheep. Results RT-PCR and small intestinal immunohistochemistry confirmed rotavirus infection in the sheep. Rotavirus isolation in MA-104 cells revealed typical cytopathic lesions by the 10th blind transmission generation. Positively identification through indirect immunofluorescence and observation of characteristic 70 nm-sized rotavirus particles in transmission electron microscopy further supported the findings. The capsid protein VP7 and nonstructural protein NSP4 genotypes were identified as G8 and E2, respectively, making the first detection of the G8-type rotavirus in sheep in China. Conclusion This study successfully isolated G8-type sheep rotavirus for the first time in China, contributing valuable date for molecular epidemiological research on sheep rotavirus and providing essential biological materials for further investigations on its pathogenic mechanisms.
Pinpointing the decisive role of TP53 mutations in orchestrating immunosuppression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Tiansheng , Yuan Jie , Cao Yuxin , Liu Xinrong , Yu Wentao , Zhang Yilei , Liao Feifei , Zhang Chao , Ji Liyan , He Qiongzhi , Gao Lin , Xia Xuefeng , Chu Ling
Published: January 2024

Background
The head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth common cancer worldwide and can be affected by multiple etiological factors. The immuno-combination therapies recently demonstrated superior performance but efficient biomarkers for outcome prediction is still lacking. Genetically, TP53 gene demonstrated highest alternation frequency in HNSCC. The lucid elaboration on the interconnections between tumor micro-environment (TME) composition, tumor molecular status and immunotherapy response could benefit HNSCC disease control.
Methods
Multi-omics data for HNSCC including DNA somatic mutation, DNA copy number variation (CNV), RNA expression, DNA methylation as well as patient survival information was collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project and compared between patients stratified by TP53 mutations. Key discoveries were validated experimentally by patient samples and computationally by public HNSCC cohorts.
Results
The TP53 gene demonstrated top alternation frequency (63%, 298/473) and conferred significant detrimental effect on patient survival. As for expressional analysis, the top down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TP53 mutant group (TP53MT) exhibited power in survival stratification. Interestingly, the CD8+ T cell specifically showed infiltration level diminution in TP53MT group, which was highly correlated with the top DEGs in TP53MT population. Similarly, top CpG sites hypermethylated and the cytoband as well as genes possessing significantly amplified copy number in TP53MT demonstrated the capacity to affect patient survival and strong associations with an immunosuppressive TME. These findings were validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) method in 14 HNSCC patients and four HNSCC public cohorts.
Conclusions
Our study identified sets of essential molecules altered by TP53 mutational abnormality in HNSCC, which all exhibited strong associations with an immunosuppressive TME. These discoveries provide an unprecedented perspective for HNSCC patient personalized treatment scheme formulation.
Prevalence in Varicella Zoster Virus DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Venkatachalam Prasanth , J Joselin Jeya Sheela
Published: January 2024

Individuals with an Inflammatory-bowel-disease are at a higher risk of contracting the virus. The prevalence of VZV in IBD patient’s is a particularly concerning, as it has been-reported to be highly contagious, severe, and in some cases fatal in patients with colitis. This study was aim to be evaluate the prevalence of VZV in individuals with IBD. Methods: Serum and biopsy-sample of large-intestine specimens from patients with IBD (Ulcerative-Colitis-(n = 31), patients with Crohn’s-disease-(n = 23)) and control group of non-IBD-(n = 21) were analysed the anti-VZV-IgG presence from done by ELISA and Viral-DNA of VZV by Nested-PCR. All biopsy-samples were viral VZV-DNA was analysed done by using Nested-PCR assay. In this study, a statistical-model was used to compare prevalence of the virus in IBD-patient and non-IBD patients. Results: all IBD-case patients, 47 and 09 were positive for serum of anti-VZV Antibodies by ELISA and tissue-Biopsy of VZV-DNA by nested PCR, and to non-IBD control group,19 and 00 were positive for serum of anti-VZV Antibodies by ELISA and Tissue-Biopsy of VZV-DNA by Nested-PCR-Method. Analyses of nested-PCR of results showed in a robust correlation in between VZV prevalence and Inflammatory-bowel-disease. Conclusion: The detection of VZV in routine samples might be an indicator for the inclusion of the vaccine for VZV in the childhood immunization-program has been proposed, Whereas the VZV-vaccine is widely available, and as the vaccine has been quite effective in preventing the complications associated with VZV infection.