bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forms of compensation for damage caused as a result of international military conflict: realities and perspectives of national legislation and international law
Authors: Makhinchuk Vitalii
Published: December 2024

The article presents a scientific and practical analysis of the current regulatory and legal regulation, judicial practice in the field of compensation for property damage caused as a result of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation from February 26, 2022. In particular, options for the possible application of contributions and reparations as forms of compensation for damage caused as a result of the Russian Federation's military aggression against Ukraine are analyzed. The author critically analyzes the modern international legal mechanism for collecting compensation for damage caused as a result of military aggression, neither the public-law plane nor the private-law plane currently possess the necessary tools to achieve the above-mentioned goal. Existing mechanisms are quite complicated due to the presence of additional requirements and/or procedures. The author concludes that there is a need for a fundamental change in the approach to the essence of compensation payments and the compensation mechanism itself. Corresponding payments of the aggressor, which de facto are collected in international practice upon the fact of victory, cannot be considered adequate compensation. Needs a change in emphasis and approaches to such payments; the aggressor must pay after committing the aggression itself. The normative acts of the USA and Canada regarding the possibility of forced recovery of assets from the country of the aggressor in the presence of relevant grounds and decisions of authorized bodies and officials are built on other principles – namely, they can be applied by virtue of the act of aggression itself.

Key words: military aggression of the Russian Federation, war, contributions, reparations, compensation, indemnity, assets, grounds for civil liability, property.
Edukasi Berbasis Komunitas: Membangun Kesadaran Orang Tua dan Remaja tentang Dampak Pernikahan Dini di Desa Ketileng Kecamatan Todanan Kabupaten Blora
Authors: Utami Yeri , Murtyaningsih Rina , Susilowati Endang , Prastiawan Muhammad Dwi
Published: December 2024

Early marriage remains a significant social issue in several parts of Indonesia, particularly in rural areas, including Ketileng Village, Todanan Subdistrict, Blora Regency. The impacts of early marriage include challenges in education, economic difficulties, reproductive health issues, and social welfare concerns. Adolescent girls are the most vulnerable group affected by these challenges. The role of STAI Muhammadiyah Blora in implementing the Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi (the three pillars of higher education), particularly community service, enables the institution to engage with local communities, identify, and address pressing social issues, such as early marriage. This community service program aims to raise awareness among parents and adolescents about the negative impacts of early marriage through a community-based educational approach. The activities include discussions and counseling sessions for parents and adolescents in Ketileng Village. The educational materials provided cover the health and psychological impacts of early marriage, the importance of pursuing higher education, and empowering adolescents to make better life decisions. A participatory approach is employed to encourage active community involvement in understanding and formulating solutions to the problem of early marriage. The results of this program indicate an increased understanding among parents and adolescents regarding the risks and long-term consequences of early marriage. Additionally, the program successfully facilitated the formation of discussion groups aimed at strengthening collective awareness about delaying marriage age and prioritizing education. This program is expected to be sustainable and serve as a model for other villages in efforts to reduce the prevalence of early marriage, particularly in rural areas like Blora Regency.
INVESTIGATING AN ASSET-BASED LITERACY AND LEADERSHIP AFTERSCHOOL PROGRAM FOR MINORITIZED HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: CHUNG HE LEN , RICHER SARAH , BHARGAVA MANSI , HOANG BRANDON , INWOOD DANIEL
Published: December 2024

The current study used a qualitative research approach to investigate a reading-intensive afterschool program in a high-burden neighborhood that has experienced disproportionate levels of stress, violence, and trauma. Consistent with an asset-based framework, the program viewed students’ identities and experiences as strengths to propel academic achievement and the development of agentic learners. Qualitative one-on-one interviews were conducted with ten high school-aged Black and Hispanic youth who participated in the program during the 2020-2021 academic year. Participants reflected on how the program promoted positive youth development by emphasizing relationship-building, developing a culture of connectedness, and helping them prepare for the future. The program also established literacy as a social practice where the surrounding context appeared to shape academic and social-emotional outcomes. Results suggest that out-of-school time organizations are in a unique position to support adolescent identity development. The implications of study findings are discussed in terms of the role that afterschool programming can play in centering culture and identity for Black and Hispanic youth.
THE IMPORTANCE OF WOMEN'S PRESENCE IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION: HISTORICAL JOURNEY AND CHALLENGES
Authors: KARAOULAS APOSTOLOS
Published: December 2024

The recognition of women in the world of science and research has been a significant issue over the past decades. Despite their substantial contributions, women are often excluded and underrepresented in high-ranking positions and honorary distinctions. This study examines the challenges faced by women in science and research, the efforts made to promote them, and the outcomes of these efforts. The literature review provides a broad basis for understanding the evolutionary path of women's recognition in science and research, as well as the obstacles and challenges faced by female scientists. Education, as a means of ensuring equal opportunities, has played a pivotal role in highlighting the contributions of women in the sciences, demonstrating that educational attainment is a decisive factor for their success in fields previously dominated by men.
CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING GRAPHIC INTERACTIVE METHODS IN ECONOMICS SUBJECT AT SELECTED SEKOLAH AGAMA BANTUAN KERAJAAN (SABK)
Authors: MOHD HATTAR NURRUL AZMI , HALABI AZAHARI MUSTAFFA
Published: December 2024

The implementation of graphic interactive methods in the teaching of economics in Sekolah Agama Bantuan Kerajaan (SABK) schools presents a considerable opportunity to improve both the level of student participation and their level of comprehension. It is important to note that the implementation of these methods is laden with difficulties. The purpose of this study is to offer a full investigation into these problems, with a particular emphasis on technological obstacles, teacher readiness, student involvement, and institutional support. In this study, a qualitative methodology supported by grounded theory is utilised to conduct an analysis of the data gathered from interviews conducted with students and teachers from certain SABK schools. Inadequate infrastructure and a lack of maintenance are two examples of technological barriers that greatly restrict the adoption of graphic interactive methods, according to the research. In addition, a significant number of educators do not receive proper training, which frequently results in opposition and inefficient implementation of these strategies. Although the use of visual interactive tools has the potential to increase student engagement, the success of these tools is contingent on bridging the digital divide and integrating them with more conventional instructional strategies. It is absolutely necessary to have institutional support in order to have a successful implementation. This will include administrative backing, clear policy frameworks, and sufficient financing. In order to address these problems, this study emphasises the importance of targeted professional development, enhanced technology infrastructure, and strong institutional support by highlighting the necessity of these things.
Infarto de miocardio subagudo silente con disección intramiocárdica trombótica y aneurisma apical: los límites del realce tardío
Authors: Bastidas Plaza Diana , Alonso Gutiérrez Carmela , Castellaccio Antonio , Vaño Eliseo , Álvarez Vieitez Antonio , Moreno Uzcátegui Joel
Published: December 2024

La disección intramiocárdica es una de las formas más infrecuentes de complicación mecánica del infarto. Presentamos el caso de un paciente que presentó un infarto de miocardio silente complicado con una disección intramiocárdica trombótica. La resonancia magnética cardíaca (RMC) reveló un infarto extenso en el territorio de la arteria descendente anterior con el miocardio globalmente no viable, aneurisma apical y trombo intraventricular con una impresión diagnóstica de hematoma disecante intramiocárdico. En este artículo revisamos las secuencias de la RMC y los límites de la técnica.
Diagnóstico ecográfico de los pseudoaneurismas arteriales
Authors: Vargas Galgani Mario
Published: December 2024

Caso clínico sobre las características diagnósticas de los pseudoaneurismas arteriales y su descripción con imágenes
Legal regulation of temporary labour migration in labour and private international law of Ukraine
Authors: Sushch Olena
Published: December 2024

This scientific article focuses on the study of the problems of temporary labour migration that exist at the theoretical and legislative levels. The connection of temporary labour migration with private international law and labour law is reflected since the legal relations arising in the field of temporary labour migration are cross-border in nature and go beyond the national legal regulation. The purpose of this study is to focus on the study of the state of legal regulation of temporary labour migration in private international law and labour law of Ukraine and identify problems of regulating temporary labour migration. The analysis of scientific sources and legislation made it possible to establish that the legal response to temporary labour migration in the legislation of Ukraine has significant shortcomings. In particular, the content of the concept of “temporary labour migration” is not defined; the list of labour relations falling under the category of temporary labour migration is not defined; the scope of persons acquiring the status of temporary labour migrant is not defined; there are no norms reflecting the specifics of legal regulation of temporary labour migration as well as there are no norms reflecting guarantees and protection of temporary labour migrants.
Больничное дело в Восточной Сибири Российской империи в XIX — начале XX века
Authors: Алексеевская Т. И. , Гайдаров Г. М. , Демидова Т. В. , Шарафутдинова Н. Х , Попова Н. М.
Published: December 2024

Представлены исторические факты организации и формирования сети лечебных заведений стационарного и амбулаторного типа на территории Восточной Сибири в XIX веке. Показаны источники финансирования лечебных заведений, подведомственных Иркутскому Приказу общественного призрения, и больниц, построенных и содержащихся на счет благотворителей. Раскрыта роль инородных общин в организации и финансировании больничных учреждений, в том числе сифилитических лечебниц и выселков прокаженных. Приведены подлинные архивные документы финансовой отчетности, условий содержания и организации питания больных. Освещена хронология формирования законодательной основы оплаты труда, социальных льгот для медицинского персонала в Восточной Сибири в XIX веке. Показано истинное положение обеспеченности больничными учреждениями и медицинским персоналом отдельных территорий. Предназначена для руководителей, специалистов органов и организаций здравоохранения, социального обеспечения; для ординаторов кафедр общественного здоровья и здравоохранения, слушателей циклов последипломного профессионального образования.
Determinan Kepuasan Kerja : Implikasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kelurahan Se Kecamatan Teluk Bayur
Authors: Istifari Putri Ayu , Maswanto Maswanto , Nuraeni Nuraeni
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the determinants of job satisfaction and the implications for employee performance in sub-districk in Teluk Bayur Districk East Kalimantan. The research method used in this research is a quantitative method with an associative approach. The number of research respondens used was 68 ASN ( Civil Service ) employes in sub-districts in Teluk Bayur District, East Kalimantan.The ssampling with a saturated sample approach because the entire population was taken as a sample. The result of the research are (a)leadership has a significant effect on job satisfaction, (b) organizational culture has an insignificant effect on job satisfaction, (c) leadership has a significant effect on employee performance, (d) organizational culture has an insignificant effect on employee performance, (e) job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance, (f) job satisfaction has succeeded in mediating the influence of leadership on employee performance, and (g) job satisfaction has not succeeded in mediating the influence of organizational culture on employee performance.
Sensibilité, intuition et art dans l’ Estetica de 1902
Authors: D’Angelo Paolo
Published: December 2024

L’essai vise à reconstruire dans l’ Estetica come scienza dell’espressione e linguistica generale de Croce de 1902 la relation complexe entre les concepts d’intuition, d’expression et de sensibilité. Pour Croce, l’activité esthétique semble toujours osciller entre une forme de connaissance et une productivité qui trouve dans la matérialité du médium expressif (en particulier l’art) sa propre façon d’apparaître au niveau sensible.
Une tache (presque) aveugle de l’esthétique de Croce
Authors: Tiberghien Gilles A.
Published: December 2024

À partir d’un texte « mineur » de Croce, Une théorie de la tache , on peut reconsidérer la totalité de son système esthétique à la lumière d’une aporie centrale qui ébranle la solidarité supposée de l’intuition-expression et ouvre ainsi la porte à la création d’une pensée esthétique de la création développée par le philosophe Luigi Pareyson, auteur d’une Théorie de la formativité .
Intuition as Process and Presence On Benedetto Croce’s Aesthetics
Authors: Waßmer Johannes
Published: December 2024

Dans cet article, je soutiens, à partir de l’esthétique de l’intuition de Croce, que la présence et le processus sont des catégories esthétiques implicites mais centrales dès le début de la modernité esthétique. Premièrement, la théorie esthétique de Croce est fondée sur la perception sensible en tant que forme particulière de connaissance. Deuxièmement, en mettant l’accent sur les actes de production et de perception, l’esthétique de l’intuition de Croce doit être comprise comme une esthétique de la présence. Troisièmement, elle implique une esthétique du processus en mettant l’accent sur la présence du sensible.
A Dynamic Convergence: ANCC Accreditation. Leading Learning
Authors: Graebe Jennifer , Cosme Sheri
Published: December 2024

The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) is a globally recognized leader in credentialing and accreditation. Among its cornerstone programs are the ANCC Nursing Continuing Professional Development Accreditation Program, the ANCC Practice Transition Accreditation Program
®
, and the ANCC Advanced Practice Provider Fellowship Accreditation
TM
program. The ANCC additionally holds a pivotal role as a founding member in Joint Accreditation
TM
, an interprofessional continuing education accreditation for health professionals. As health care evolves, the ANCC remains at the forefront, advancing nursing practice, fostering innovation, and providing support and education to stakeholders.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2025;56(1):5–7.]
Effects of Peer Video Feedback Based on Cultural Historical Activity Theory in the Operational Training of New Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Tao Lan , Ma Xiaolin , Quan Yi , Li Zehua , Luo Zongting , Chang Yue
Published: December 2024

Background

Previous studies have confirmed the potential effectiveness of peer video feedback in the operational training of health care students. However, an appropriate theoretical framework to support peer video feedback has not been established. The cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) provides a suitable framework. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a peer video feedback activity system, adapted from CHAT, in enhancing operational skills, self-regulated learning abilities, and teaching satisfaction among new nurses.

Method

A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving 213 new nurses. The experimental group received training through a CHAT-based peer video feedback activity system, and the control group was trained through traditional instructor feedback. Data were collected after seven operational training sessions provided by the nursing department.

Results

Posttraining, the CHAT group scored statistically higher in operational examinations, self-regulated learning abilities, and teaching satisfaction compared with the control group (
p
= .004,
p
= .004, and
p
< .001, respectively).

Conclusion

Operational training with a peer video feedback activity system can significantly enhance the operational skills, self-regulated learning abilities, and teaching satisfaction of new nurses.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2025;56(1):27–33.]
Interpositional Bioresorbable Scaffold-Anchor Appears Non-inferior to a Standard Anchor in the Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Angerett Nathan , Krasney Leighann , Lutz Rex , Maurer Timothy , Michelitch Scott , Lin Albert , Kelly Matthew
Published: December 2024

Background

Failure after rotator cuff repair is typically due to a loss of integrity of the bone-tendon interface. The BioWick anchor (Zimmer-Biomet) is an interpositional scaffold-anchor that was developed to improve tendon-bone healing. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of this novel anchor compared with a standard anchor with respect to retear rates and patient outcomes.

Materials and Methods

We enrolled 99 patients in a double-anonymized, prospective, randomized controlled trial who underwent rotator cuff repair. Fifty patients were randomized to the novel anchor group and 49 patients were randomized to the standard anchor group. The primary outcome was rotator cuff repair integrity assessed via ultrasound at 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Simple Shoulder Test (SST), strength, and active range of motion (AROM) assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 and 6 months.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data, mean rotator cuff tear size, tobacco use, workers' compensation status, or operative side between the groups. At 6-month follow-up, the retear rate was 22% (n=9) for the novel anchor group vs 23% (n=10) for the standard anchor group (
P
=.8864). Secondary outcomes, including VAS pain score, ASES score, SST, strength, and AROM measurements, did not differ significantly between the groups at 3- or 6-month follow-up. There were no complications identified in either group.

Conclusion

This study did not demonstrate superior clinical improvements or decreased retear rates with the use of this novel anchor compared with a standard anchor. [
Orthopedics
. 2025;48(1):e33–e39.]
MAE-GAN: a self-supervised learning-based classification model for cigarette appearance defects
Authors: Zhang Youliang , Yuan Guowu , Wu Hao , Zhou Hao
Published: December 2024

Appearance defects frequently occur during cigarette manufacturing due to production equipment or raw materials. Appearance defects significantly impact the quality of tobacco products. Since manual inspection cannot keep pace with the demands of high-speed production lines, rapid and accurate automated classification and detection are essential. Supervised learning is predominantly employed in research on automated classification of product quality appearance defects. However, supervised learning necessitates substantial labeled data for training, which is time-consuming to annotate and prone to errors. This paper proposes a self-supervised learning-based classification model for cigarette appearance defects. This is a generative adversarial network (GAN) model based on masked autoencoders (MAE), called MAE-GAN. First, this model combines MAE as a generator with a simple discriminator to form a generative adversarial network according to the principle of mask reconstruction in MAE. The generator reconstructs the images to learn their features. Second, the model also integrates MAE's loss function into the GAN's loss function. This lets the model focus on pixel-level losses during training. As a result, model performance is improved. Third, a Wasserstein GAN with gradient penalty (WGAN-GP) is added to stabilize the training process. In addition, this paper preprocesses cigarette images through segmentation and recombination. Neural networks typically accept images with the same width and height. Due to the narrow shape of cigarette images, if the image is directly transformed into a square and fed into a neural network, the details of the image will be severely lost. This paper segments the cigarette image into three parts and recombines them into images with similar length and width, greatly improving classification accuracy.
Understanding Quantum Computing Implications for Cybersecurity
Authors: Jones Angel Justo
Published: December 2024

Quantum computing is rapidly evolving, promising to revolutionize various fields, including cybersecurity. By harnessing the power of quantum mechanics, quantum computers are expected to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers, particularly in areas such as encryption and data security. This chapter explores the fundamental principles of quantum computing and its potential implications for cybersecurity. We discuss the challenges posed by quantum algorithms, including Shor's algorithm and Grover's algorithm, which can break widely-used cryptographic systems like RSA and AES. Furthermore, we examine the transition towards quantum-resistant algorithms, also known as post-quantum cryptography (PQC), and the role of large language models (LLMs) in facilitating the adaptation of cybersecurity strategies to a quantum-enabled future. The chapter concludes with a look at the future of quantum-aware cybersecurity, emphasizing the need for robust, adaptable frameworks to address emerging threats.
LLMs for Enhancing Privacy and Data Protection in Quantum Computing Environments
Authors: Jones Angel Justo
Published: December 2024

The rapid advancement of quantum computing presents both tremendous opportunities and significant challenges for cybersecurity, particularly in the realms of privacy and data protection. Traditional encryption methods face obsolescence in the quantum era, as quantum algorithms like Shor's algorithm can efficiently break widely used cryptographic schemes. Large Language Models (LLMs), with their capacity for processing and analyzing vast amounts of data, have emerged as valuable tools in addressing privacy concerns in quantum computing environments. This chapter explores how LLMs can be leveraged to enhance privacy and data protection by facilitating the development of quantum-resistant cryptographic protocols, automating threat detection, and assisting in the creation of novel security architectures tailored to quantum technologies. By examining the intersection of LLMs and quantum computing, this work highlights their potential to reshape cybersecurity strategies to ensure that data remains secure in a post-quantum world.
Applications of LLMs in Quantum-Aware Cybersecurity Leveraging LLMs for Real-Time Anomaly Detection and Threat Intelligence
Authors: Ajimon Soby T. , Kumar Sachil
Published: December 2024

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with quantum-enhanced tools is revolutionizing cybersecurity. This chapter explores how these advanced technologies can address critical challenges, including real-time anomaly detection, advanced persistent threats (APTs), and zero-day exploits. By combining LLMs' contextual understanding with the computational power of quantum computing, we propose innovative approaches to strengthen intrusion detection systems, malware analysis, and threat intelligence. The chapter covers automated defense systems, adversarial scenario modeling, and adaptive cybersecurity frameworks that evolve in response to emerging threats. It highlights synergies between LLMs and quantum computing, presenting a dual strategy to detect and mitigate cyber risks more effectively. While discussing technical, ethical, and scalability challenges, the chapter offers practical insights for cybersecurity professionals, equipping them with tools and strategies to defend against increasingly sophisticated threats in a quantum-aware future.
Artificial Intelligence-Powered Cybersecurity
Authors: George Soumya
Published: December 2024

Cybersecurity threats are ever-changing and characterized by more sophisticated attacks including, but not limited to, ransomware, phishing attempts, and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks. Integration of Artificial Intelligence in cybersecurity is one of the pioneering methods for dealing with the new threats in the digital environment. This article highlights areas where AI technologies improve threat detection, response automation, and risk management. It discusses the challenges, ethical issues, and AI solutions in cybersecurity
Natural Language Processing for Cyber Threat Intelligence in a Quantum World
Authors: Zangana Hewa Majeed , Mustafa Firas Mahmood , Li Shuai , Al-Karaki Jamal N.
Published: December 2024

The intersection of natural language processing (NLP) and cyber threat intelligence (CTI) is gaining momentum as cybersecurity paradigms evolve to address the challenges posed by quantum computing. This chapter explores how advancements in NLP, particularly through the deployment of large language models (LLMs), can be leveraged to enhance CTI in a quantum-aware context. It discusses the capabilities of NLP systems to process vast amounts of threat data, identify patterns, and predict potential risks while considering the implications of quantum technologies on cybersecurity frameworks. Furthermore, the chapter highlights the role of quantum-aware NLP tools in detecting advanced persistent threats, optimizing response strategies, and ensuring the resilience of digital ecosystems in the face of quantum-enabled cyber threats. By integrating LLMs with quantum computing principles, this research provides insights into the future of CTI and its evolution to counteract complex cyber challenges.
Once a Teacher, Always a Teacher
Authors: Bromer Billi L.
Published: December 2024

This chapter will recount the experiences of a life long educator who concluded that once you acquire a teacher identity, you will always maintain a teacher identity. This teacher story, along with the many others in this book, may explain why many educators never lose their identity as a teacher. There are teachers who leave the profession after a few years. Perhaps, teaching was not what they had expected. Other reasons are explored in this chapter. For some educators, teaching can be a fervor that is deep within your heart and soul. For many educators, it is surely more than just a job. For the author, it was a trail to a professional identity in teaching.
Empowering Educators
Authors: Weaver Holly , Paddie Sherry , Nelson Rachel , Shepherd Rachel
Published: December 2024

Fueled by their passion for teacher advocacy, four former classroom teachers from varying backgrounds have found purpose in working for an education research grant related to teacher professional learning. The Empowering Teacher Learning (ETL) program at Appalachian State University is an Education and Innovation in Research (EIR) grant funded by the U.S. Department of Education designed to measure the effectiveness of Teacher-Directed Professional Learning (TDPL) as a form of teacher professional development.
The Lasting Legacy of Educators
Authors: Kumari R. Krishna
Published: December 2024

In the field of education, teachers' influence often extends far beyond their tenure in the classroom. This chapter explores the enduring impact of former educators who continue to contribute to student growth and development through various means. By sharing personal narratives and practical strategies, this chapter aims to highlight the significant role that retired and former teachers play in fostering educational success outside the traditional school environment. It provides valuable insights for educators, community advocates, and policymakers on how to leverage the expertise and passion of former teachers to enhance educational outcomes for students.
Second Acts in Education
Authors: Asrifan Andi , Amri Nur Alim , Hajerah Hajerah , Rusmayadi Rusmayadi , Musi Muhammad Akil
Published: December 2024

This chapter discusses how retired educators improve literacy programs and student results, especially in metropolitan areas with educational inequities. Due to demographic shifts, more US educators are retiring, providing a rare chance to use their experience to solve student reading issues. In under-resourced urban areas, literacy programs are crucial, but there is little study on retired educators' contributions. This study experimentally examines how retired educators affect student reading proficiency to fill this knowledge gap. Results show that retired educators increase student outcomes through tailored learning and evidence-based teaching. The findings suggest that retired educators can fill key literacy education deficits in metropolitan areas. According to the chapter, policymakers and educational leaders should establish formal channels for re-engaging retired educators to promote literacy programs and reading rates among underserved pupils.
Political, Regulatory, and Ethical Concerns of AI, Blockchain, and Cloud Computing in Public Administration
Authors: Jiménez David López , Dittmar Eduardo Carlos , Vargas Portillo Jenny Patricia
Published: December 2024

The chapter addresses the rapid adoption of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and Cloud Computing in public administration, highlighting their potential to improve the efficiency and transparency of government services in Spain. However, it also focuses on the political, regulatory, and ethical challenges that arise, such as data privacy, cybersecurity, and equity in access to services. The importance of self-regulation and collaboration between the public and private sectors is emphasized to ensure the responsible and beneficial implementation of these technologies. Additionally, comparative strategies among EU and Anglo-Saxon countries are explored, providing recommendations for an inclusive and ethical digital transition in public administration.
Knowledge Management in Public Sector Innovation Optimized by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Malvestiti Rosane , Pertile Laura , Demarchi Murilo Pedro , Dandolini Gertrudes Aparecida , Machado Andreia De Bem
Published: December 2024

Given the rapid transformations brought about by artificial intelligence across all sectors and in lifestyle, knowledge is ever-present, and its management is essential. Therefore, public services need to innovate to meet social and organizational demands, focusing on solving complex problems that require new knowledge and effective governmental strategies. This chapter details, through a scoping review, how knowledge management (KM) is used in public sector innovation (PSI) and how artificial intelligence (AI) facilitates this interaction. As a result, it was evident that KM, facilitated by AI, offers a promising path for public organizations, enabling the creation of more adaptive, efficient, and citizen-centered solutions. However, the successful integration of AI and KM still requires ongoing efforts to adapt to new technologies, develop digital skills and competencies of public servants, and implement inclusive public policies that consider the ethical and social implications of these technologies. Future studies should focus on research about Ethics and Transparency in AI.
Impact of COVID-19 on Electronic-Governance Adoption
Authors: Oyeniran Kehinde Adewole , Tenibiaje Mobolaji O. , Oke Morenikeji A. , Olowe Busayo M. , Oyeniran Olubukola H. , Oladunmoye Muftau K.
Published: December 2024

The global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic clearly altered the trajectory of the electronic governance adoption, also known as e-governance. In response to this challenge, governments, organisations, and individuals swiftly adopted various strategic digital coping and adaptation mechanisms. This chapter examines the global efforts of some countries to adopt e-governance, their level of preparedness, and the challenges they face. The areas of health, education, and finances are important because of their significant direct and indirect impact on individual well-being. However, there are challenges related to data management, security, and privacy. Regardless of the existence of a pandemic, governments worldwide must consistently evaluate their readiness for pandemics by formulating favourable policies that can achieve reliable and inclusive implementation of future digital solutions.
Design and Analysis of Low-Cost and Efficient SEPIC Converter for Affordable Solar Water Pump in Ethiopia
Authors: Tanashu Minyahil , Tadiwos Tassew , Kassaw Amare , Admasu Seifu , Ezra Noam , Long Teng , Allen Lara , Tennyson Elizabeth M. , Stranks Sam , Yetayew Tefera
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Smallholder farms provide a significant share of the world's food supply. Smallholder farmers can cultivate crops more consistently throughout the year when using solar water pumps, which offer a dependable source of irrigation. However, the upfront capital cost and efficiency are major barriers to widespread adoption. This paper aimed to design a cost-effective and efficient DC-DC converter for small-scale irrigation farming in the Dangishta, Amhara region of Ethiopia, focusing on a direct solar water pump system using a SEPIC-based DC-DC converter. The system directly supplies power to a 100 W/24 V brushless DC pump, with a 120 W/24 V/5 A optimized SEPIC converter. A PLECS simulation was conducted to understand the converter's operation. The prototype design considered enhanced power handling capabilities using the paralleling method. The power switches are controlled by a digital circuit based on the RP2040 microcontroller, which generates PWM signals with a fixed duty cycle at 100 kHz. The average material cost of the converter was significantly minimized to approximately $15. Experimental tests showed an efficiency of 93.5% and an average temperature of 31°C, making it a promising solution for sustainable agriculture in resource-constrained environments.Keywords— Smallholder farms, Low-cost, SEPIC converter, Solar water pump, PLECS
Evaluation of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles (BiONPs) as a Potential Contrast Agent in Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging
Authors: Husri Muhammad Hafiqrul Zuhair , Tajudin Suffian Mohamad , Mohd Radzi Juliana , Mohamed Nurul Syazwina , Wan Abdul Rahman Wan Nordiana , Razak Khairunisak Abdul , Mohd Zainudin Nur Hamizah
Published: December 2024

The limitations of iodinated-based contrast media in computed tomography (CT) imaging have prompted studies into alternative contrast agents. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs) have emerged as a potential contrast agent due to their high X-ray attenuation, low toxicity, and cost-effectiveness. This study evaluates the efficacy of BiONPs as a contrast agent in CT imaging compared to traditional iodine-based contrast agents. A phantom study was conducted using synthesized BiONPs and iodine contrast agents (ICA) at a range of concentrations (0.05 to 1.0 mmol/L). The phantom was scanned with a CT scanner using 120 kVp tube potential and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated to determine the contrast enhancement. The findings show that BiONPs demonstrated superior CNR values compared to iodine contrast agents at all concentrations tested. Specifically, at 0.5 mmol/L, BiONPs achieved a mean CNR of 161.70, significantly higher than iodine’s 51.47 (p < 0.05). Similar trends were observed at lower concentrations, with BiONPs consistently outperforming ICA. The findings highlight the BiONPs as an effective alternative to ICA, particularly at lower concentrations. This study highlights the capability of BiONPs to provide superior image contrast in CT imaging compared to conventional ICA. Its consistent performance across variations of concentration emphasizes its potential for improving diagnostic accuracy in CT imaging.
Structure Reconstruction and Transfer Properties of Porous Material by Multiple Approaches
Authors: Ma Xiao Yan , Bennacer Rachid , Chen Long Fei
Published: December 2024

The micro and nano structures of porous material have strong influence on their transfer properties such as porosity, permeability, tortuosity and adsorption isotherm curves. In the construction and building material field, these properties are strongly related to hydro and thermal comfort, due to the fact that heat and mass transfer mechanisms are determined by the micro porous structure. In the present work, we aim to predict heat and mass transfer on such micro-nano structured materials, with a statistical quantification method that is extracted from morphology aspect. A large range of the pore size (from 20nm to 1mm) is covered and investigated by the multiple approaches, including FIB-SEM, X-Ray Tomography, and MIP (Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry). The 3D view of pore structures is obtained in concrete, as well as their size distribution, and pore zones. A reconstruct of 3D view of pore networks is extracted, with the spatial resolution of 20 nm/pixel. A global view of multiple testing methods and the corresponding size ranges are drawn to summarize the multi-scale approaches, for a potential further understanding of relationship between porous structure and thermal-hydro properties.
The Dynamics of the Inertial Conveyor
Authors: Serilko Leonid , Lyashuk Oleg , Sasiuk Zoia , Sokol Mariana , Serilko Dmitriy , Pryndiuk Katerina , Tson Anna , Dzhyvak Taras
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of the study of bodies movement on a rough surface, which carries out longitudinal and transverse oscillations. The design of the inertial conveyor for reducing dynamic loads has been proposed. The dependences of the acceleration of the longitudinal oscillations of the chute and the speed of the transverse oscillations of the chute walls on dimensionless time τ=ωt have been obtained. As a result of the kinematic analysis of the mechanism of the reciprocating movement of the chute, the dependences of the movement, speed and acceleration of the chute of the inertial conveyor on the angle of rotation of the crank and its rotation frequency have been obtained. As a result of the conducted theoretical studies, it has established that when the chute of the inertial conveyor is given transverse oscillations during periods of time and when the load slides along the surface of the chute, the productivity of this vehicle significantly increases. The obtained dependencies can be used in the design of inertial conveyors with given technical and economic indicators.
Hygrothermal and Energy Performance Optimization on Bio-Based Envelope Integrated with PCM
Authors: Wu Dong Xia , Yao Zhuo Nan , Shi Yan
Published: December 2024

Bio-based materials and phase change materials (PCMs) are currently being gradually noticed and emphasized as passive building envelopes. This study focuses on the effect of PCM placement and phase transition temperature on hygrothermal and energy performance. Systematic studies reveal that placing PCM with a phase transition temperature of 24-28 °C in the scenario PCM middle provides considerable results, reducing the summer temperature and relative humidity amplitude, heat load and moisture load by 5%, 0.03%, 8% and 5.8%, respectively. Besides, performance is further optimized with the scenario PCM middle of phase transition temperature of 26-30 °C, with the reductions in temperature and relative humidity fluctuations, heat load and moisture load by 88.6%, 85.4%, 69.65% and 69.63%, respectively. Overall, strategic PCM placement and phase transition temperature improve building energy efficiency and comfort, offering valuable insights for designing bio-based concrete structures.
Effect of Construction Stages to Long-Term Behavior of a Long-Span Pre-Stressed Concrete Girder Bridge
Authors: Manru Erriman , Purnomo Heru
Published: December 2024

Questions arise whether construction delay combined with construction method modification of a long-span bridge will affect bridge resistance to withstand the working load in the long term. A continuous bridge with a span of 78 m - 145 m - 77 m that crosses a large river has experienced this condition. In its implementation, there was a difference in construction time compared to the initial design. As a result, it is necessary to conduct an analysis of the effects of the difference in construction time on the bridge structure. An analysis of the stages of bridge construction was carried out using the Midas Civil program to determine the stress and deflection that occurred. Stress and deflection over a long period of time were calculated to determine the effect of construction methods and delays.
Synthesis of Iron-Doped Carbon Nanodots from Waste Expanded Polystyrene and its Application in Carbon Monoxide Gas Detection
Authors: Vidal Nicolle Faith B. , Tolentino Erica A. , Lacsa Florence Joie F. , Rubi Rugi Vicente D. C.
Published: December 2024

Herein, a one-pot solvothermal method was employed to synthesize Fe-doped carbon nanodots using waste expanded polystyrene as the carbon source and ferric chloride hexahydrate for iron doping. Three synthesis parameters-reaction time, temperature, and dopant weight-were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design, with relative fluorescence (FL) intensity as the response. Model validation showed a percentage error of 0.66% between replication experiments and predicted maximum intensity, confirming the model's reliability to maximize FL intensity in synthesis. FTIR spectroscopy identified the presence of a medium peak at 538 cm-¹, associated with Fe-O stretching, indicating successful Fe doping, supported by EDX analysis. TEM analysis confirmed the nanosized properties of Fe-CDs, with an average particle size of 1.84 nm, and HR-TEM revealed an onion-like structure with a lattice spacing of 0.369 nm, and the presence of amorphous shells, suggesting structural heterogeneity. The synthesized doped and undoped CDs were employed in a drop-casting method to produce films that were used for carbon monoxide detection. Results displayed significant effects of operating temperature and gas concentration on the gas response of Fe-CDs and CDs films on resistance. The significant statistical difference in gas response between Fe-CDs and undoped CDs suggests that Fe doping enhances electron mobility, due to more pronounced changes in resistivity, yielding higher responses to carbon monoxide gas.
Mechanical, Thermal Stability, and Shielding Properties of Slag/Granite Geopolymer Cement Modified by Nanoparticles
Authors: Hashem Fayza S. , Salam Ahmed T. Abdel , Monir Dalia
Published: December 2024

In this study, we developed alkali-activated geopolymer cement (GP) using finely powdered granite waste (GW), blast furnace slag (BFS), and nano-silica (NS). NaOH and Na2Si2O3 (1:1) were used as an alkaline activator to activate the GP mix and promote the alkali-activation reactions. The mechanical properties of various GP mixes were analyzed to evaluate the durability of the resulting GP when subjected to firing at temperatures up to 750°C and the destructive effects of gamma-ray irradiation. The study revealed that blending up to 30% granite powder to the GP formulation led to faster setting due to the excess soluble Si ions sourced from the granite powder which accelerated the alkali-activation reactions and increased the stiffness of the pastes. Additionally, blending the GP mix by 10 % GW improved the compression resistance by 7 to 10 % during the later curing ages. Besides, these blended mixes have thermal stability behaviors against firing up to 750°C and irradiation by gamma rays. This is related to the thermal stability and heat storage capability of GW. Amelioration of BFS/GW mix by up to 2% NS greatly improves the compression resistance at all the stages of the alkali-activation process. Furthermore, the mixes reinforced by NS exhibited better durability in the two types of deterioration studied. This is attributed to the thermal stability of GW and the filling and/or catalytic actions of the dispersed nanoparticles through GP matrix. These factors strengthen the geopolymer network, enabling it to withstand the deteriorating effects of these harsh environments.
Stable and Tunable Photoluminescence Emission of Functionalized Carbon Dots for Heavy Metal Ion Detection
Authors: Edilo Gladys G. , Candidato Jr. Rolando T.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the tunable photoluminescence emission properties of carbon dots (CDs) derived from hemicellulose and lignin extracted from agricultural waste. Key aspects examined include production yield, fluorescence characteristics, and fluorescence quenching mechanism in the presence of heavy metal ions. Freeze-dried carbon dots from corn cobs (CC-CDs) exhibited a yield of 3.69%, which increased to 16.8% with alkali treatment (CCN-CDs). The CDs demonstrated excellent aqueous stability and emitted green fluorescence under ultraviolet light irradiation. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy revealed distinct absorption peaks at 200-300 nm and 300-350 nm, attributed to aromatic sp2 core transitions and surface functional groups. Atomic force microscopy confirmed a spherical morphology with diameters of 35 nm for CCN-CDs and 51 nm for CC-CDs. Fourier-transform infrared spectral analysis identified functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl, amines, nitrile, and carboxyl, which contribute to the tunable optical properties of the CDs. Photoluminescence spectra showed excitation-dependent emission features, with a redshift observed due to surface oxidation. The fluorescence quenching induced by ferric ions demonstrated a linear relationship between the quenching effect and concentration, with a more pronounced effect at lower concentrations of heavy metal ions, indicating the potential of these carbon dots as sensor. The quenching phenomenon was attributed to the electron transfer processes between ferric ions and CDs, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms governing their fluorescence behavior.