bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment arch dimensions in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated surgically by Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty protocol
Authors: Yaseen Bassam , Agha Neam
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

The present study aimed to analyze the outcomes of Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty techniques and to know the effect of this technique on arch dimensions and also to compare these outcomes with the ordinary technique (pushback technique) and with the control group.

Materials and Methods:

There are two treatment groups and one control group. Forty-two (20 males and 22 females) patients as a total number of the sample with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) children were included in this study, 1st group (10 males and 14 females) those treated with Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty performed at the age of 10 weeks repair of the lip, at 10 months closure of soft palate followed by construction of obturator done by an orthodontist, at 6 years of patient`s age a closure of hard palate, 2nd group (10 males and 8 females) treated with pushback technique. Criteria for selecting patients (two treatment groups), those without systemic diseases, cerebral disabilities, or any syndromes. The 3rd group consists of 20 healthy children (10 males and 10 females) those free from systemic diseases, aged 9–10 years old, free from oral habits and with limited or no crowding of teeth. Impressions of the upper arch of the patients were taken and the study model was poured at ages 9–10 years. Measurements include anterior arch width (ARW) or intercanine distance, posterior arch width (PAW) or intermolar distance, and arch depth (Adp). Statistical analysis; after collecting the data SPSS software program (version no. 21 Chicago, Illinois, USA) used for analysis, P ≤ 0.05 will be considered as statistically significant. The data were analyzed for their normal distribution, and a comparison of dental arch dimensions between genders and between the two techniques of surgical repair was tested by independent t-test of samples.

Results:

Significant larger mean values for arch measurements ARW and Adp for males and Adp for females than with the pushback technique. This is related to the growth pattern that occurred without surgical intervention.

Conclusion:

An improvement in surgical outcomes, and the patients with UCLP treated with Z-plasty technique, revealed an increase in the mean values of arch measurements (anterior and PAW and Adp) for both genders when compared to the pushback technique, but less than that of healthy non-cleft children.
Serum osteocalcin – A biochemical marker for pubertal growth assessment
Authors: Yezdani Arif , Kumar Kishore , Padmavathy Kesavaram
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

Growth evaluation methods have made great strides in the shift from radiologic to non-radiologic biomarkers. Osteocalcin (OC), a bone protein, has been reportedly used as a biomarker for osteoblastic bone formation. The present study aimed at evaluation of serum OC in Class II skeletal patterns for accurate assessment of pubertal growth spurt to facilitate functional jaw orthopedics during the growth period.

Material and Methods:

Eighty subjects, comprising 38 males and 42 females with skeletal Class II malocclusion in the age range of 11–18 years, were recruited for the study. Human serum OC was quantitatively assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cervical vertebral stages were assessed from lateral cephalograms. Statistical analysis for gender-wise comparison of mean serum levels of OC at each cervical stage (CS) and in the intervals of the CSs was carried out using Kruskal–Wallis test and for intergroup comparisons, Mann–Whitney U-test with Bonferroni’s correction was done.

Results:

Gender-wise comparison of mean serum OC levels revealed that it was highest in CS2 in both males (72.24 ng/mL) and females (74.71 ng/mL) with another discernible peak in CS5 in males (66.82 ng/mL) and in CS6 in females (63.78 ng/mL), exhibiting thereby a circadian rhythm in bone modeling during the entire adolescent growth spurt.

Conclusion:

Despite a pre-pubertal and a late pubertal spike in both the genders, the mean OC serum levels actually exhibited a circadian rhythmicity across all the CSs, exhorting thereby the importance of bone remodeling during the complete circumpubertal growth period.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ БИОХИМИЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА МИКРОБНЫХ КОНСОРЦИУМОВ
Authors: Ирина Валерьевна Бояринева , Хамагаева Ирина Сергеевна , Стёпочкина  Варвара Дмитриевна Стёпочкина  Варвара Дмитриевна , Бобченко Виктория Ивановна
Published: April 2023

Приведён анaлиз научных данных об использовании пробиотических культур, возможности совместного культивирования штамма Propionibacteriumfreudenreichii Sh-85 и микроорганизмов кефирной закваски. Научно-исследовательским способом обоснована необходимость использования пропионовокислых бактерий с целью повышения пробиотических свойств кисломолочных продуктов. Выбор штамма Propionibacteriumfreudenreichii Sh-85 в качестве пробиотической культуры основан на таких аспектах, как выживаемость в агрессивной среде, адгезивные свойства, ценные производственно-технологические свойства. Главной особенностью пропионовокислых бактерий является комплексный биосинтез метабиотиков, а именно витамина В12, антимутагенов, антиоксидантов. Это усиливает их ценные биохимические и пробиотические свойства. Наиболее значимой, с точки зрения технологичности, «молочной» пропионовой бактерией является штамм Propionibacteriumfreudenreichii Sh-85, который может быть использован в работе самостоятельно и в сочетании с молочнокислыми бактериями. Исследования проводились на основе штамма пропионовокислых бактерий Propionibacteriumfreudenreichii Sh-85 и кефирной грибковой закваски. Установлено, что между пропионовокислыми бактериями и микрофлорой кефирной закваски в ходе совместного культивирования отсутствуют явления антагoнизма и взаимной конкуренции. В статье приведены данные о биoтехнологических и прoбиотических свойствах консорциумов (комбинированных заквасок) с различным сочетанием пропионовокислых и молочнокислых микроорганизмов. Контролем служила кефирная закваска. Во всех тестовых образцах количество микробных клеток Propionibacteriumfreudenreichii Sh-85 и молочнокислых бактерий к концу процесса ферментации достигает 109к.о.е./см3, что наглядно свидетельствует о высокой плотности микробной популяции и сбалансированном росте заквасочных микроорганизмов в консорциуме. Определен наилучший баланс пропионовокислых бактерий и грибковой закваски 1:1 с учетом биотехнологических и биохимических свойств, в частности синтеза витамина В12. Полученный консорциум может быть рекомендован для дальнейшего использования в биотехнологии ферментированных функциональных молочных продуктов
ВЛИЯНИЕ УРОВНЯ pН НА ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ГЛУБИННОГО КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИЯ ПРОБИОТИЧЕСКИХ ШТАММОВ BACILLUS
Authors: Евдокимов  Иван Юрьевич Евдокимов  Иван Юрьевич , Иркитова  Алена Николаевна Иркитова  Алена Николаевна , Малкова  Ангелина Владимировна Малкова  Ангелина Владимировна , Дудник  Дина Евгеньевна Дудник  Дина Евгеньевна , Ширманов  Максим Вячеславович Ширманов  Максим Вячеславович
Published: April 2023

При разработке биопрепаратов актуальной задачей промышленного производства является ускорение процесса ферментации, усовершенствование условий производства, а также наибольший выход целевого продукта за меньшее количество циклов. На глубинное культивирование бактерий влияют состав питательных сред, температура, время культивирования, доза инокулята, особенности штамма микроорганизма, кислотность среды и многие другие. Активная кислотность питательной среды влияет на скорость биохимических реакций в клетке, потребление субстратов и накопление биомассы. Установление оптимального для роста бактерий рН также позволяет скорректировать технологические условия промышленного глубинного культивирования в биореакторах и продлить период активного накопления биомассы. Цель исследования заключалась в определении оптимальной активной кислотности среды при глубинном культивировании бактерий B. pumilus B-13250 и B. toyonensis B-13249 для дальнейшего опытно-промышленного культивирования в условиях ферментеров. Объектами исследования явились два штамма: B. toyonensis и B. pumilus, из коллекции ИЦ «Промбиотех» АлтГУ. Использовались стандартные среды для глубинного (L-бульон) и поверхностного (твердая L-среда) культивирования. Глубинное культивирование проводилось в шейкере-инкубаторе «Innova 44», в качалочных колбах. Для определения оптимального рН изучались варианты установок: 5,6, 6,2, 6,8, 7,4; температура культивирования – 37 ºС, скорость перемешивания – 250 об/мин, 24 ч – время культивирования. В результате работ выяснено, что оптимальный показатель активной кислотности среды для культивирования обоих исследуемых штаммов составил 6,8. Оба штамма способны расти и развиваться при отклонениях от оптимума: в значениях рН от 5,6, до 7,4. Также стало понятно, что при использовании данных микроорганизмов в качестве основы пробиотиков есть возможность выбора большего диапазона условий жизни относительно кислотности внешней среды.
МОДИФИКАЦИЯ БЕЛКОВОГО ПРОФИЛЯ ДВУСТВОРЧАТОГО МОЛЛЮСКА MACTRA CHINENSIS
Authors: Табакаев Антон Вадимович , Табакаева Оксана Вацлавовна
Published: April 2023

В настоящей работе приведены результаты исследований по обоснованию возможности использования фракции электроактивированной воды (анолита) в качестве гидролизующего агента для модификации белкового профиля мягких тканей двустворчатого моллюска Дальневосточного региона Mactra chinensis. Основными исследованными параметрами влияния определены рН среды, продолжительность процесса гидролиза и температура. Исследовано изменение содержания сухих веществ, общего и аминного азота в гидролизате и степень гидролиза в зависимости от условий процесса. Наиболее интенсивно процесс гидролиза идет в течение 7 часов, содержание сухих веществ в гидролизате увеличивается на 146% (с 2 часов до 7 часов), за последующие 2 часа – всего на 4%. Содержание общего и аминного азота также максимально увеличивается при продолжительности гидролиза 7 часов –134% и 206% соответственно.  Степень гидролиза возрастает с 36% при 2 часах гидролиза до 75% при 9 часах. Максимальный прирост накопления сухих веществ, общего и аминного азота в гидролизатах наблюдается при рН 3 и составляет 14-27% для сухих веществ, 8-10% для общего азота и 11-12% для аминного азота. Возрастание степени гидролиза гораздо более существенное и составляет 18-77%. Экспериментальным путем  определено, что рациональными параметрами гидролиза, обеспечивающими достижение оптимального содержания аминного азота и максимальной степени гидролиза являются  рН 3 , время 7 часов, температура процесса 70 0С. Результаты регрессионного анализа установленных зависимостей, в частности коэффициенты апроксимации R2, показали, что полученные квадратные уравнения достаточно адекватно описывают закономерности процесса модификации белкового профиля мягких  тканей двустворчатого моллюска Дальневосточного региона Mactra chinensis в зависимости от рН, продолжительности и температуры процесса.
КЕКС «ЦИЦЕР»
Authors: Ерофеева Елизавета Алексеевна , Власова Кристина Владимировна , Артемова Елена Николаевна
Published: April 2023

Научная статья посвящена вопросам создания мучных кондитерских изделий для людей с непереносимостью глютена. В работе использовались такие виды безглютенового сырья, как нутовая и рисовая мука. При разработке рецептуры кекса первоначально заменяли пшеничную муку на нутовую в количестве 10, 30, 50, 70 и 90 %. По итогам проведения органолептической оценки установили, что наилучшие показатели имел кекс с заменой 50 % пшеничной муки на нутовую. Для исключения аллергии на белок пшеничную муку заменили на рисовую. По итогам органолептической оценки наиболее высокие показатели качества были выявлены у образца с соотношением рисовой и нутовой муки 1:1. Разработанный образец имел наиболее приятный ореховый привкус и аромат, правильную форму, равномерную пористость и привлекательный внешний вид. Готовое изделие по органолептическим, физико-химическим показателям соответствовало требованиям ГОСТ 15052-2014. При расчете пищевой ценности контрольного и опытного образцов было установлено, что количество белка выросло на 16 %, клетчатки – на 69 %, энергетическая ценность снижена на 3 %. Замена пшеничной муки на рисовую и нутовую способствует полному исключению глютена из кекса. Это позволит расширить ассортимент безглютеновой продукции для людей с целиакией.
СТРУКТУРА И СВОЙСТВА БОРИДНЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ НА ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ СТАЛЯХ
Authors: Полянский Иван Петрович , Вихрев  Роман Олегович Вихрев  Роман Олегович , Сизов Игорь Геннадьевич
Published: April 2023

Борирование применяют с целью повышения эксплуатационной долговечности для различного рода инструмента и технологической оснастки. Преимуществ у боридных покрытий довольно много. К ним можно отнести высокую твердость, износостойкость, жаростойкость, коррозионную стойкость и т.д. Высокая твердость и износостойкость являются преобладающими из этих свойств. В большинстве случаев разрушение деталей и инструмента начинается с поверхностных слоев, имеющих глубину от тысячных до сотых долей миллиметра. Поэтому стойкость к износу деталей, подвергнутых борированию, определяется не столько глубиной боридного покрытия, сколько его качеством и структурой. В данной статье рассмотрено исследование формирования структуры и свойств на инструментальных сталях У12, 5ХНМ, 7Х3. В работе проведен металлографический анализ боридных покрытий на сталях. Определена микротвердость по глубине диффузионного покрытия в зависимости от марки стали. Проведены испытания на жаростойкость и сравнительный анализ износостойкости сталей, подвергнутых термической обработке и борированию. Дана оценка возможности применения борирования для данных сталей.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКОГО СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЯ МУЛЬТИВИХРЕВОГО СЕПАРАТОРА
Authors: Зинуров Вадим Эдуардович , Биккулов Рустем Ядкарович , Дмитриева Оксана Сергеевна , Мадышев Ильнур Наилович , Абдуллина Азалия Айратовна
Published: April 2023

Химическая промышленность является одним из основных источников выбросов мелкодисперсных частиц в окружающую среду. Они представляют угрозу для здоровья человека, негативно влияют на окружающую среду и изменение климата. Частицы трудно улавливаются с помощью традиционных технологий сепарации. С целью решения проблемы авторами работы предлагается конструкция мультивихревого сепаратора. В статье представлен принцип его действия. Целью данной работы является экспериментальное определение гидравлического сопротивления мультивихревого сепаратора. В работе рассматривается влияние двух вариантов конструктивного оформления сепаратора на его гидравлическое сопротивление. В первом варианте очищенный поток воздуха выходит непосредственно через сепарационные каналы. Во втором варианте на заднюю часть сепаратора устанавливалась крышка с круглыми отверстиями для выхода воздуха, которые позволяли формировать более устойчивую вихревую структуру в сепарационных каналах. Для определения гидравлического сопротивления мультивихревого сепаратора была создана экспериментальная установка, распечатанная поэлементно на 3D принтере, включающая воздуходувку, ресивер, трубу Вентури, мультивихревой сепаратор и дифференциальные манометры. В ходе проведения экспериментальных исследований получены зависимости потери давления мультивихревого сепаратора от скорости воздуха на входе в устройство для обоих конструктивных оформлений устройства. На основе проведенных исследований сделаны выводы: гидравлическое сопротивление мультивихревого сепаратора с открытыми сепарационными каналами Δpop составляет 14 до 204 Па при скорости воздуха на входе в устройство от 1,4 до 7,7 м/с, гидравлическое сопротивление мультивихревого сепаратора с установленной крышкой с отверстиями для выхода потока воздуха Δpcl составляет от 42 до 1833 Па при скорости воздуха на входе в устройство от 0,8 до 4,9 м/с, усложнение конструкции приводит к увеличению гидравлического сопротивления и, вероятнее всего, повышению эффективности, вследствие формирования более устойчивой вихревой структуры.
СВОЙСТВА КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, СОСТОЯЩИХ ИЗ ЭПОКСИДНО-ДИАНОВОЙ СМОЛЫ И ТИТАНАТА БАРИЯ
Authors: Еремин Евгений Николаевич , Кукушина Ксения Геннадьевна , Рогачев Евгений Анатольевич , Тищенко Наталья Михайловна
Published: April 2023

В работе рассмотрены перспективы получения композиционного материала на основе эпоксидно-диановой смолы с высокими диэлектрическими свойствами. Исследованы свойства композитов с разными концентрациями титаната бария от 20 до 70 % масс. Измеренные показатели диэлектрической проницаемости материала показали соответствие со значениями рассчитанными по формуле Лихтенеккера. Изучена морфология наполнителя и композиционного материала с помощью сканирующей электронной микроскопии (SEM). Кроме того, изучены такие характеристики материалов как твердость, плотность, усадка, жизнеспособность и водопоглощение. Представлена производственная технология приготовления композитов, состоящих из эпоксидно-диановой смолы и титаната бария. Изготовленные конструкционные детали из композиционных материалов на основе эпоксидно-диановой смолы полностью соответствовали техническим требованиям стандартов отрасли. Установлено, что такой композиционный материал пригоден для изготовления конструкционных деталей, предназначенных для работы в широком диапазоне технологических и диэлектрических свойств, которые найдут применение в СВЧ-индустрии.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ ТОЧЕК В МАТРИЦЕ ПОЛИВИНИЛОВОГО СПИРТА И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИХ СВОЙСТВ
Authors: Егорова Марфа Никитична Егорова Марфа Никитична , Куркина  Ирина Ивановна Куркина  Ирина Ивановна , Дьяконов  Афанасий Алексеевич Дьяконов  Афанасий Алексеевич
Published: April 2023

В работе приведены результаты исследования оптических и структурных свойств раствора углеродных точек, синтезированных из лимонной кислоты и этилендиамина гидротермальным методом. В ходе работы установлено, что фотолюминесценция углеродных точек зависит от изменения длины волны возбуждения, средний диаметр полученных углеродных точек составил 80 нм, с толщиной 4 нм. Также приведены результаты исследования оптических и электрических свойств пленок из поливинилового спирта, содержащих углеродные точки. Наибольшей электропроводностью и фотолюминесценцией обладают пленки с долей углеродных точек 10 %.
Characteristics of spawners of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta from commercial stock of Iturup Island
Authors: Elnikov A. N. , Zelennikov O. V.
Published: April 2023

Chum salmon spawners returned for spawning in the rivers of Prostor and Kurilsky Bays on Iturup Island (Kuril Islands, Sakhalin Region) were examined in the period from September 19 to November 4, 2022. Both females and males had mostly the age 3+ (68.8 % in the Prostor Bay and 62.2 % in the Kurilsky Bay). The portion of males in the age 2+ was in 3.8 times higher than the portion of females, with the average value of 19.2 %; the summary portion of older age groups (4+ and 5+) was 15.4 %. Chum salmon spawners were distinguished by relatively small body weight, similar for the fish of the same age in both bays, on average 2.27 and 2.57 kg for females and males of age 3+, respectively, that was lower than the weight of chum salmon spawners in the previous 8 years.
Trawl counts of nekton during seasonal migrations of pacific salmon in the North-West Pacific, Bering and Okhotsk Seas in 2022
Authors: Starovoitov A. N. , Ponomarev S. S.
Published: April 2023

Spatial distribution, abundance and biomass of fish species, cephalopods and jellyfishes are determined in the epipelagic layer on the data of trawl surveys conducted with RV TINRO and RV Professor Kaganovsky in the Pacific waters at Kuril and Commander Islands, western Bering Sea, and Okhotsk Sea in 2022. Modern state of the nekton communities is considered, in particular the state of pink and other species of pacific salmon in summer and autumn seasons. New data on the size-weight composition of pacific salmon are presented; materials for spatial differentiation between their regional groups of pink salmon are available.
Results of the pacific salmon fishery in the Sakhalin-Kuril region in 2022
Authors: Makoedov A. A. , Nikitin V. D. , Zhivoglyadov A. A. , Ignatiev Yu. I. , Antonov A. A.
Published: April 2023

Pacific salmon fishery in the Sakhalin-Kuril region in 2022 is analyzed. The data on predicted and actual catch are presented.
Results of the salmon fishing season in Khabarovsk Region in 2022
Authors: Ostrovsky V. I.
Published: April 2023

The results of the salmon fishing in Khabarovsk Region in 2022 are presented and the reasons for deviations between the actual and predicted catch are analyzed. Influence of the fishing conditions on the catches is considered. Approaches for forecasting the salmon stocks under changing environments of reproduction are discussed, possible ways to improve the forecasting methods are proposed, and prospects for the salmon fishing in 2023 are shown.
Linear Free Energy Relationships and Transition State Analysis of CO2 Reduction Catalysts Bearing Second Coordination Spheres with Tunable Acidity
Authors: Teindl Kaeden , Patrick Brian , Nichols Eva
Published: April 2023

The development of molecular catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising approach to the valorization of this stable small molecule. Drawing inspiration from enzymes, protic functional groups in the secondary coordination sphere (SCS) work in conjunction with an exogenous acid to relay proton equivalents to the active site of CO2 reduction. However, it is not well understood how the acidity of the SCS and exogenous acid together determine the kinetics of catalytic turnover. To gain insight into the relative contributions of proton transfer driving forces, we synthesized a series of iron tetraphenylporphyrin electrocatalysts bearing SCS amide groups of tunable pKa (17.6–20.0 in DMSO) and employed phenols of variable acidity (15.3–19.1) as exogenous acids. The modularity of this system allowed us to (1) evaluate contributions from proton transfer driving forces associated with either the SCS or exogenous acid, and (2) obtain mechanistic insights into CO2 reduction as a function of pKa. Plots of catalytic rate constants as a function of the various acidities reveal a series of linear free energy relationships: kinetics become increasingly sensitive to variations in SCS pKa when more acidic exogenous acids are used (0.82 ≥ Brønsted α ≥ 0.13), as well as to variations in exogenous acid pKa when acidity of the SCS is increased (0.62 ≥ Brønsted α ≥ 0.32). An Eyring analysis reveals that the rate-determining transition state is highly ordered and trends with SCS acidity (-88 ± 4 ≥ ΔSǂ ≥ -139 ± 3 J K-1 mol-1). These results are consistent with the proposal that SCS acidity modulates the degree of charge accumulation and solvation at the rate-limiting transition state. Together, this system provides key insights that enable optimization of catalytic activation barriers as a function of the acidity of all participants in a proton relay. The implications of this work can be used to guide rational design of electrocatalysts in which SCS acidity is considered in conjunction with that of the exogenous proton source.
ESRI Nowcast (February 2023 Estimate)
Authors:   ESRI, Disch Wendy
Published: April 2023

Using data available through 17 April 2023, we provide an update to our monthly estimate of modified domestic demand (MDD) using the ESRI Nowcasting model currently employed to support the forecasting exercise in the Quarterly Economic Commentary. MDD in February is estimated to be 3.7 per cent above its level in February 2022. Continued resilience in the labour market as well as growth in industrial production, retail sales and total tax revenue contributed to growth in economic activity in February. While economic sentiment remains below its level in February 2022, it has generally improved on a monthly basis. Due to improvements across many key indicators, we now estimate annual growth in modified domestic demand to be 3.2 per cent in Q1 2023.
Application of questionnaire methods in geographical research of population migration in the Ivano-Frankiv region
Authors: Mykhailіuk A. R.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Clarifying the prerequisites and reasons for the migration process within Ivano-Frankivsk region, identifying the reasons for its motivation and formulating possible ways to solve them.

Methods. The sociological survey method, namely an online questionnaire created on the basis of a GOOGLE form.

Results. Data obtained from one hundred and seventy respondents became the main source of the study of emigration of the population of Ivano-Frankivsk region. The study analyzed the age and gender structure of migrants in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. Percentage participation of respondents in migration processes within the administrative unit was established. The recipient countries of emigrants from the Ivano-Frankivsk region have been determined. The purpose of the departure, the conditions of the move, and the impact of the pandemic on emigration have been clarified. Migration processes in the Ivano-Frankivsk region are directed, on the one hand, to familiarization with the culture and lifestyle of developed countries, and on the other hand, to the outflow of young able-bodied people in search of well-paid work abroad. Such a trend will contribute to the artificial aging process of the nation. The

Conclusions. largest recipient country in terms of number is Poland. Migration processes, in particular emigration, can be minimized thanks to adequate remuneration, increasing the value of human capital, creating new jobs, as well as promoting the development of small and medium-sized businesses. For this, a clear regional policy in the field of migration processes, in particular emigration, should be formed, and the main development programs of the Ivano-Frankivsk region should be developed.
Natural reserve fund of the western part of the North Pokuttya highland: structure and problems and prospects of optimization
Authors: Zahriichuk V. F.
Published: April 2023

Objective. Analyze the structure and features of the nature reserve fund within the western part of the North Pokut highland and find out the problems and prospects for its optimization.

Methods. Field, analysis, processing of stock materials of environmental services, remote sensing methods, cartographic.

Result. The nature reserve fund of the western part of the North Pokuttya highland forms one regional landscape park, 15 reserves, 37 natural monuments, 12 protected tracts, three arboretums and five parks-monuments of garden and park art. The largest in area is the Dniester RLP (19,556 hectares), which accounts for 96% of the total area of the NPF in the region. A large number of valuable natural objects: caves, rocks, ledges, karst funnels and abysses, springs are located outside the Dniester RLP. Suggestions for optimizing the protection of valuable objects that need to be preserved. Valuable objects need protection in the form of geological monuments of nature and karst-speleological reserves for their further preservation, as karst abysses and funnels, occasionally at the foot of rocks become places of accumulation of household waste of the local population. This leads to loss of value of the natural object, pollution of the environment, deterioration of the ecological condition of the territory.

Conclusions. We propose to create a karst and speleological reserve for the preservation and protection of caves, karst fields in the vicinity of Isakiv. As a geological monument of nature, it is necessary to protect large karst abysses ("vertebrae") and the cave "Pokutyanka" with a length of about 935 m. It is necessary to create hydrological monuments of nature to preserve high flow sources, waterfalls on travertine rocks. They are concentrated along the slopes of the Dniester.
To the question of research of geo-ecological problems of urbanization processes in the aspect of the concept of sustainable development
Authors: Kravchenko K. O.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To conduct an analysis of the spread of contemporary globalization processes and the geo-ecological problems caused by them, directions regulating the development of cities in the aspect of the concept of sustainable development; to single out and justify the geoecological problems of cities on the basis of the analysis of the development of global urbanization processes.

Methods. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the research, the work uses systemic, synergistic, and historical scientific approaches, as well as a complex of scientific methods: methods of induction and deduction, the method of comparison, the method of generalization, the method of analogy, the method of systematization, and the method of modeling.

Results. The development and implementation of the Concept of sustainable development, the aspects of sustainable urbanization were determined based on the study of the formation of the world scientific opinion on the issue of sustainable development, namely: environmental protection, economic development, social justice and equality. Their components and the concept of "sustainable urbanization" were considered. The presentation of various aspects of sustainable urbanization in the development programs of the World Bank, UN-Habitat and the Alliance of Cities, in particular – geoecological one, was analyzed. The peculiarities of the flow of geoecological problems of cities and the need to take this aspect into account for the sustainable development of urban social and geographical systems were substantiated.

Conclusions. The obtained results demonstrate significant attention to the geoecological aspect of urbanization, the importance of its research and analysis in the aspect of sustainable development of cities. An important aspect of further strategic planning and development of cities is a harmonious combination of ecological, economic and social components. In further research, the author plans to develop a model of sustainable development of the city with a balanced ratio of economic, social and environmental components of development.
Recreational and sports nature usage in Lviv region: origins and geospatial analysis
Authors: Nazaruk M. M. , Khudoba V. V.
Published: April 2023

In the process of recreation, nature acts as one of the leading factors of rest and recovery, restoration of physical and neuropsychological strength of a person. Recreational and sports nature usage is implemented through a complex of activities related to the usage of natural resources for the purpose of improving people's health, restoring their physical and psychological well-being, and expanding the ecological and cultural outlook. The study of geospatial features of recreational and sports resources contributes to their use and perspective of their consumption.

Purpose. To study the retrospective principles of formation, historical and natural prerequisites for development and geospatial analysis of the recreational organization of sports and nature usage in Lviv region, as well as prospects for further their development.

Results. In general, the climatic conditions within Lviv region are equally suitable for recreational and sports usage. Favorable conditions for seasonal recreation types in the region are approximately 10 months within the year. The mountainous realm of the region is the major region for the winter sports and recreation. Mountain skiing recreational and sports nature usage is developing in 10 of the 73 united territorial communities of the region. Lviv region has a good supply of water resources for recreational and sports nature usage. Water bodies within the Dniester basin are the most involved in recreational activities. They are used for rafting, diving, swimming, fishing. Less developed reservoirs within the basin of the Western Bug River, which are involved in swimming, rafting and fishing. An important direction of sports recreation is air space usage, such as paragliding, ballooning, parachuting, and flying on light aircraft.

Conclusions. Irrational and non-professional lands usage for health and recreational purposes do not always contribute to the development of recreational and sports nature usage within the territorial communities of the Lviv region. It is expedient to ensure the introduction of market regulators into the practice of recreational and sports nature usage; the development of methods of recreational ecosystem services assessment and the implementation of monitoring of the state and use of recreational and sports resources.
To the question of creating an open ecological geographic information system
Authors: Achasov A. B. , Seliverstov О. Yu. , Kot A. G. , Кlieshch A. A. , Melnyk D. О.
Published: April 2023

Access to information about the state of the environment is an inalienable right of Ukrainian citizens, so the development and improvement of ways to provide information to the population with environmental data is of high social importance. A valuable source of reliable environmental data that can be used to inform the public are the results of scientific research on the state of the environment, which are produced by the activities of higher education institutions. This article considers the possibilities of using web-GIS services by higher education institutions as a means of communicating environmental information to the general public.

Purpose. To create an open geographic information system that should represent the database of environmental geodata obtained in the process of educational and scientific work of students and staff of the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences.

Methods. Analysis of the stock materials of the Institute of Ecology for the needs of forming a geodatabase, development of the structure of the attributive web-GIS database and testing the functionality of the ArcGIS Online cloud mapping platform service for exporting, updating, storing, searching and visualizing data presentation in web-GIS.

Results. A methodical algorithm for the development and creation of web-GIS is proposed and tested, consisting of the following stages: 1) selection of the technological base of development; 2) analysis of materials providing input information; 3) development of the structure of the attributive database of the project; 4) preparation of geodata sets and their publication on the Internet. As a result of the analysis 144 scientific papers were selected, which will form the information basis for the formation of the web-GIS "EcoSpace". The structure of the attributive database of the web-GIS project was developed, consisting of 4 content blocks and 11 types of descriptive data. 3 sets of test data were prepared, which showed successful results of export and visualization of geodata represented by different types of geometric vector primitives (linear, point and polygonal objects).

Conclusions. A prototype of the web-GIS "EcoSpace" (https://institute-of-environmental-sciences-data-portal-carto-lab.hub.arcgis.com/) was developed in the environment of the ArcGIS Online Internet service, which can be used to publish information about the state of the environment contained in the results of scientific research of students and staff of the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences. The information content of the web-GIS "EcoSpace" has been started, in particular, the results of three scientific projects concerning the state of soil resources of Kharkiv district of Kharkiv region have been entered.
Visualization of Liquids Flows in Microfluidics and Plasma Channels in Nanosecond Spark Microdischarges by Means of Digital Microscopy
Authors: Dekhtyar V.A. , Dubinov A.E.
Published: April 2023

An application of digital optical microscopes for visualization of single-pulse or pulsed-periodic processes in microfluidics and physics of spark microdischarges is studied. Multiple examples of coagulation processes of liquid microvolumes, nanosecond spark discharges near liquid drops and plant living tissues in a cell-size level are provided.
Computer Visualization for the Algorithmization and Programming Task of Territorial Division Based on Interactive Mapping
Authors: Dubrovskaya Yu.V. , Kozonogova E.V. , Kurushin D.S.
Published: April 2023

The division of the territory into regions according to some attribute is the most important factor in the effective management of spatial development at the national, macroregional and regional levels of the economy. Applying a defragmented policy on this basis makes it possible to increase both the quality of public space management and the effectiveness of strategic planning. The author's method for visualizing the task of creating a digital twin of the economic zoning grid is presented in this paper based on interactive mapping as well as on the systematization of methods for reflecting the results of territorial division. The concept of economic complexity was used as a methodological approach, which is based on an understanding of the importance of producing complex products that require a wide range of knowledge and competencies.

The basis for the visualization of economic zoning is the author's mathematical algorithm for territorial division of the country into macroeconomic regions, compiled on the basis of graph theory and implemented in the Graphviz software. The creation of a digital twin of the macroregions grid is based on the indicator "Average number of employees for the full range of organizations", according to which a single statistical database was formed for 83 regions of Russia for the period from 2009-2019 for 104 types of economic activity. The graph visualizes the strongest links between sectors of the economy by constructing a maximum spanning tree based on the Kruskal algorithm. The vertices of the industry connectivity graph are the types of activities according to OKVED, and the edges are the “distances” between them.

To automate the process of creating a digital twin of the macroregions grid and its visualization, a software tool in the Python language was used. The advantage of the proposed visualization method is that the display of simulation results using interactive mapping allows reflecting all types of economic activity and the relationships between them in an easy-to-read format. This, in turn, makes it possible to predict the behavior of economic sectors in order to enhance the development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the spatial development of the country as a whole.
Modeling and Visualization of Electron Scattering on Quantum Rings
Authors: Muzykina E.A. , Sibirmovsky Y.D.
Published: April 2023

The problem of scattering of quasi-dimensional electrons on a potential in the form of a quantum ring and a quantum dot is solved. The problem is addressed as a part of analysis of quantum interference effects in semiconductor nanostructures with nontrivial geometry as well as for the design of nanoelectronic devices based on them. In contrast to existing works, algorithms for solving both stationary and non-stationary Schrödinger equation with arbitrary scattering potential are developed here. Analytical and finite-difference methods are used, which makes it possible to obtain an arbitrarily accurate solution, with which the process of electron scattering on a quantum ring is modeled and visualized. This visualization allows us to discover how the shape of the quantum ring affects the angular distribution of the scattering amplitude as well as determine the presence of a self-interference of the scattered electron wave function.
Visualization of Geometric Models of Faceted Solids in Point Calculus
Authors: Konopatskiy E.V. , Ryabinin K.V. , Bezditnyi A.A.
Published: April 2023

The paper considers the case of faceted solids and discusses visualisation of geometric solids in the form of a three-parameter set of points which belongs to a three-dimensional space. To visualize geometric solids, taking advantage of the modern GPU hardware acceleration, the Ray marching method is used. The implementation considers the definition of a signed distance function, which is reduced to the task of determining the set of intersection points of the projection rays with the rendered geometric solid. After that, for each pixel of the screen, its color is determined in accordance with whether the ray passes through the geometric solid or not. The analytical description of geometric solids and the solution of their intersection problem with projecting rays are solved within the framework of the point calculus mathematical apparatus. As a result, it was concluded that the proposed approach justifies itself, providing high rendering performance and the complete absence of visual artifacts when rendering faceted solids.
Universal System for Visualizing Geo-Referenced Data From a Text File on a Yandex Map
Authors: Voronina N.N.
Published: April 2023

In 2016, an article [1] was published in the journal Scientific Visualization No. 1, which marked the beginning of a further series of publications, one way or another related to the visualization of geo-referenced data. The work is indirectly a continuation of this series, since, similarly to previous articles, the result of the work can also be seen on the Yandex satellite map. The article describes in sufficient detail the step-by-step process of developing and debugging a software product, the ultimate goal of which is the visualization of geophysical data with their subsequent display on the Yandex satellite map in accordance with the geographic coordinates that are set as input. The software product is a fully debugged complete module that can work both offline and, in a complex, aimed at laying out the result on the Yandex satellite map.
On the rational difference equation $x_{n+1}=\frac{x_n\cdot (\overline{a}x_{n-k}+ax_{n-k+1})}{bx_{n-k+1}+cx_{n-k}}$}
Authors: ZURITA Rimer
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we will determine an explicit and a constructive type of solution for the difference equation\[x_{n+1}=\frac{x_n\cdot (\overline{a}x_{n-k}+ax_{n-k+1})}{bx_{n-k+1}+cx_{n-k}},\quad n=0,1,\ldots,\]where $\overline{a}\geq 0,a>0,b>0,c>0$ and $k\geq 1$ is an integer, with initial conditions $x_{-k},x_{-k+1},\ldots ,x_{-1},x_0$. We also will determine the global behavior of this solution. For the case when $\overline{a}=0$, the method presented here gives us the particular solution obtained by G\"um\"u\c{s} and Abo-Zeid that establishes an inductive type of proof.
Wie man schlecht schreibt. Die Kunst des stilistischen Missgriffs
Authors: Aus dem Siepen Stefan
Published: April 2023

Stilkunden beschäftigen sich in der Regel mit dem, was als guter Stil gilt, der schlechte findet allenfalls am Rande Erwähnung. Dabei ist er, statistisch gesehen, viel verbreiteter als der gute und verdiente schon deshalb größere Aufmerksamkeit. Außerdem hat er in seinen mannigfaltigen Erscheinungsformen durchaus eigene, wenn auch meist unbeabsichtigte Reize. Stefan aus dem Siepen nimmt sich ihrer mit der Leidenschaft eines maliziösen Genießers an. Erzählerische Nachlässigkeiten, überfrachtete Sätze, missglückte Anfänge, preziöse Wortwahl, sprachliche Vulgaritäten, schiefe Metaphern, raunende Titel, ungelenke Intimszenen, … – sämtliche vorgestellten stilistischen Patzer stammen aus den Federn großer Schriftsteller. Selbst diese waren gegen gelegentliche Ausrutscher nicht gefeit. Stefan aus dem Siepen legt mit seiner spiegelverkehrten Stilkunde keine Anthologie pedantisch kompilierter literarischer Fehlgriffe vor, vielmehr erweist er dem Geglückten seine Reverenz. Denn die Reflexionen über das sprachliche Pappmaché handeln immer auch von den edleren Materialien der Literatur.
Reşat Nuri Güntekin’in gezi yazıları ekseninde Anadolu’da kültürel hayat
Authors: SÜRGİT Büşra
Published: April 2023

Reşat Nuri Güntekin, Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk edebiyatının güçlü yazarlarından biridir. Sanatçı, Maarif Vekâleti müfettişliği sırasında yurdun çeşitli illerine yaptığı seyahatlerde, Anadolu’yu ve Anadolu insanını yakından gözlemleme şansını elde etmiştir. Romanlarını kaleme alırken bu deneyim ve izlenimlerinden geniş ölçüde yararlanmıştır. O, Anadolu’ya ve Anadolu insanına yönelmekle Türk romanına yeni bir soluk getirmiştir. Güntekin, bahsi geçen iş seyahatleri esnasında birçok gezi yazısı da kaleme almıştır. Bu yazılarını Anadolu Notları adıyla kitaplaştırmıştır. Yazar, iki ciltten oluşan bu eserinde, Anadolu’yu ilgilendiren birçok meseleyi mercek altına almıştır. Yüzyıllar boyunca göz ardı edilmiş olan Anadolu’nun mahrumiyetlerini, maddi imkânsızlıklarla boğuşan Anadolu insanının erdemlerini, şehir ve kasabalarını, yollarını, otellerini, kahvehanelerini, tulûat tiyatrolarını, kitap ve süreli yayınların satış ve dağıtımında yaşanan problemleri, modernleşme süreciyle birlikte yeniliklere ayak uydurma konusunda yaşanan aksaklıkları, aydınların Anadolu’ya bakışını çok yönlü olarak irdelemiştir. Başka bir deyişle, Güntekin, Cumhuriyet dönemi Anadolu coğrafyasının sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik yapısına ışık tutmuştur. Sanatçı, Anadolu’yu idealize etmek yerine gerçekçi bir Anadolu imgesi inşa etmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu yazılar, erken Cumhuriyet dönemi Anadolu’suna nüfuz etmemize imkân sağlayan oldukça zengin ve değerli bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Güntekin’in, Anadolu’nun kültürel hayatını nasıl gördüğünü ve bahsi geçen eserine nasıl yansıttığını tespit etmektir. Kültürel, tarihsel ve sosyolojik kaynaklardan da faydalanılarak disiplinler arası bir çalışma ortaya konulmaya gayret edilmiştir.
10. Sınıf tarih ders kitabı hakkında tarih öğretmenlerinin görüşleri
Authors: ÖZGÜR Mustafa , ÖZTAŞ Sezai
Published: April 2023

Ders kitapları gerek öğretmenler gerekse öğrenciler tarafından en çok kullanılan ders araç-gereçleridir. Öğretim programın takibini sağlaması ve ders işlenişinde dağınıklığı engellemesi, öğrenci ve öğretmenlerin işlerini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Kitaplarda yer alan hazırlık soruları konunun anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunurken, değerlendirme soruları da konunun pekişmesini sağlamaktadır. Ders kitabı öğretimi programını yansıtmaktadır. Bütün bu özellikleriyle ders kitapları vazgeçilmez materyallerin başında gelmektedir. Yeni hazırlanan 10. Sınıf Tarih Ders Kitabı ve Programı 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı 2018 yılında Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından yapılan öğretim programı ile hazırlanan yeni 10. sınıf tarih ders kitabının fiziksel tasarım, eğitsel tasarım, görsel materyal kullanımı ve ölçme ve değerlendirme boyutlarında tarih öğretmenleri tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiğini tespit etmektir. Çalışma evreni Türkiye’deki İlgi Yayınları 10. sınıf tarih ders kitabını kullanan tarih öğretmenleridir. Çalışmanın örneklemini ise Kırklareli ili tarih öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem seçimi yapılırken “küme örnekleme” tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Toplanan verilerin analizi için IBM SPSS Statistics 20 programından yararlanılmıştır. Toplanan verilere ait tanımlayıcı istatistikler ayrıntılı olarak verilmiştir. Yapılan Bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi, One-Way ANOVA ve Kruskal-Wallis H Testi sonucunda “Yaş”, “Meslekteki Çalışma Yılı”, “Mezun Olduğu Bölüm” değişkenlerine göre öğretmenlerin “Lise Tarih Ders Kitaplarını Değerlendirme” konusuna ilişkin tutum düzeylerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmış, anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır.