bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of soil moisture updates on temperature forecast
Authors: Ha Soyoung , Sun Jenny
Published: May 2024

The impact of land variables on temperature forecasts in atmospheric
cycling is often underestimated or overlooked. This oversight primarily
occurs due to the abundance of meteorological measurements available for
assimilation and partly because soil states are assumed to be quickly
reset by atmospheric forcing, such as precipitation, justifying no
spin-ups or no updates of soil states during cycling. In this study, by
updating soil moisture every 6 hours using different analysis datasets
for May 2019, considerable discrepancies were found, highlighting large
uncertainties in soil moisture analysis. Different soil moisture
analyses produced systematically different temperature forecasts, with
errors growing over cycles to be comparable to a typical error magnitude
of 2-m temperature observations (~2ºK). This study
demonstrates that temperature forecasts are significantly influenced by
whether and how soil moisture is updated, not only near the surface but
also up to the low-mid troposphere and throughout the cycles.
Az Amerikai Urológus Társaság visszatérő hólyaghurut kezelésével és megelőzésével kapcsolatos legújabb ajánlásai = Summary of the latest American Association of Urology Guidelines on the treatment and prevention of recurrent cystitis
Authors: Magyar András , Tenke Péter
Published: May 2024

Az utóbbi évtizedekben a hólyaghurut diagnosztikája, kezelése és a visszatérő hólyaghurut hosszú távú megelőzése nagymértékben fejlődött, ami többek között a húgyúti fertőzésekkel kapcsolatos patofiziológiai ismereteink bővülésének, a kórokozók növekvő antibiotikum-rezisztenciájának visszaszorítására irányuló nemzetközi stratégiák elterjedésének és a megfontolt antibiotikum-felhasználásra ösztönző irányelvek kidolgozásának köszönhető. Összefoglaló közleményünk célja az Amerikai Urológus Társaság visszatérő nem komplikált hólyaghurut kezelésével kapcsolatos legújabb ajánlásainak ismertetése és elemzése. Az irányelvek segítségül szolgálnak a visszatérő hólyaghurut megfelelő diagnosztikájához, kezeléséhez, kiemelt hangsúlyt fektetnek a nem megfelelő antibiotikum-kezelési módszerek és az antibiotikum-rezisztencia visszaszorításának aktuális lehetőségeire.
Residual neural networks in single instance-driven identification of fungal pathogens
Authors: Wyszyński Rafał , Struniawski Karol
Published: May 2024

The rise in fungal infections, attributed to various factors including medical interventions and compromised immune systems, necessitates rapid and accurate identification methods. While traditional mycological diagnostics are time-consuming, machine learning offers a promising alternative. Nevertheless, the scarcity of well-curated datasets is a significant obstacle. To address this, a novel approach for identifying fungi in microscopic images using Residual Neural Networks and a subimage retrieval mechanism is proposed, with the final step involving the implementation of majority voting. The new method, applied to the Digital Images of Fungus Species database, surpassed the original patch-based classification using Convolutional Neural Networks, obtaining an overall classification accuracy of 94.7% compared to 82.4% with AlexNet FV SVM. The observed MCC metric exceeds 0.9, while AUC is near to one. This improvement is attributed to the optimization of hyperparameters and top layer architecture, as well as the effectiveness of the Mish activation function in ResNet-based architectures. Noteworthy, the proposed method achieved 100% accurate classification for images from 8 out of 9 classes after majority voting and is high resistant to overfitting, highlighting its potential for rapid and accurate fungal species identification in medical diagnostics and research.
Upper Miocene aragonite sediments of the Eastern Paratethys (Zheleznyi Rog section): Whiting events or not?
Authors: Rostovtseva Yuliana
Published: May 2024

The upper Sarmatian and lower Maeotian unlithified aragonite sediments of the Zheleznyi Rog section (Taman Peninsula, Eastern Paratethys, Russia) were investigated by field observations and laboratory methods, including scanning electron microscopy, X?ray diffraction and isotope analyses. Aragonite sediments occur at separate intervals of the studied section, forming thin (millimeter?sized) interlayers with clays. These carbonate sediments consist almost entirely of crystals (individuals and twins) and aggregates of aragonite, ranging in size from 5 to 23 ?m. It is assumed that the isotopic composition (?13C = 5.7 and 5.3?, ?18O = ?2.4 and ?2.8? for upper Sarmatian and lower Maeotian aragonites, respectively) reflects the sedimentation conditions, chara cterized by reduced basin salinity, increased surface water bioproductivity, and periods of aridization. Abiotic precipitation of these aragonites most likely occurred due to the action of triggering mechanisms, which could include planktonic algae blooms (e.g. diatoms). The obtained results do not contradict the hypothesis that the studied aragonites may be considered as sediments of whiting phenomenon.
Using Field-Based Evidence to Understand the Antecedents to Auditors’ Skeptical Actions
Authors: Hardies Kris , Janssen Sanne , Vanstraelen Ann , Zehms Karla M.
Published: May 2024

We provide field-based evidence on antecedents to auditors’ skeptical actions, with participants including over 600 auditors across all ranks from six audit firms. We evaluate the relative importance of situational, client, and individual auditor characteristics, along with measures of auditors’ cognitive processing in relation to their self-reports of skeptical actions on one of their own audits. We find that the most important antecedents are each audit firm’s overall professional orientation, auditors’ individual feelings of accountability, their trait skepticism, their motivation, and their intentions to behave skeptically. Auditors’ intentions are most influenced by social norms and less influenced by attitudes toward and self-efficacy about behaving skeptically. Other important antecedents include each audit firm’s quality control systems, certain individual auditors’ personality traits, their client-related industry expertise, and their audit knowledge. Our findings support various aspects of prior conceptual models and suggest ways in which audit firms can promote skeptical actions.
Macroeconomía
Authors:   Docente de la Facultad  de Contabilidad y Auditoría de la Universidad Técnica  de Ambato, Villacis Uvidia Juan Federico
Published: May 2024

La macroeconomía es el dogmatismo que examina el crecimiento y las fluctuaciones de la economía de un estado desde una visualización amplia, no se enreda en detalles sobre una división en especial. Se orienta en las cuestiones más significativas del área económica de cada país y, por supuesto, de cada sujeto del mundo. La macroeconomía actual se basa en la microeconomía, ciencia que analiza la toma de decisiones individuales de los agentes económicos y su relación en el mercado. La macroeconomía actual consta de tres etapas básicas.
Influence of Open Data Kit Application on Disease Surveillance and Notification
Authors: IK Uchendu
Published: May 2024

This project investigates the influence of Open Data Kit (ODK) on Disease Surveillance and Notification in Osun State, Nigeria. Descriptive research design was used and 90 respondents were engage through total enumeration sampling technique. Open Data Kit is an application that is used to capture data with designed template, allows the creation, distribution and filling of questionnaire on mobile phone or tablet running the Android operating system which has the following discovered influences on disease surveillance and notification: Facilitates adequate collection of morbidity and mortality data, enhances accurate processing of morbidity and mortality statistics, facilitates uniformity in data capturing, enables orderliness in data registration and contact tracing of contagious diseases, facilitates easy design of data collection tools. Descriptive survey research method was adopted for this study to evaluate the influence of open data kit application on disease surveillance and notification officer in Osun State. The findings show that a large proportion of DSNO and their assistance were strongly agreed and agreed that Open Data Kit is an application that is used to capture data with designed template, allows the creation, distribution and filling of questionnaire on mobile phone or tablet running the Android operating system and Real-time mapping of responses in Google Maps is possible with the use of Open Data Kit which is similar to what has been found by (Open data kit history, August 2019). There are positive influences of open data kit application on disease surveillance and notification in Osun State.
Essays on Subsidy Policies Supporting Renewable Electricity in the UK: Certificate Markets, Banding Mechanisms and Declining Efficiency
Authors:   , Wang Yunfei
Published: May 2024

Since 2002, the UK has implemented several schemes to support renewable electricity, including the Renewables Obligation scheme from 2002 and the Contract for Difference scheme from 2014. These support schemes promoted the development of renewable electricity to meet the UK renewable electricity target which required 30% of electricity from renewable sources in 2020. Although the UK achieved its renewable electricity targets ahead of schedule in 2018, the effectiveness of these support schemes requires detailed analysis. This PhD thesis is focused on the impacts of policies which provide subsidies to renewable electricity in the UK and explores the following three topics. The first chapter examines the impact of specific designs (the headroom and the recycling mechanism) of the Renewable Obligation scheme on the installed capacity. Findings suggest that excess demand in the Renewable Obligation scheme caused by headroom implies that the sales of certificates are more guaranteed than in the excess supply certificate market. Further, the recycling mechanism pushes up the price under the Renewable Obligation scheme. The second chapter explores the impact of the banding level in the Renewable Obligation scheme on the installation of less-developed renewable technologies. The analysis shows that, if banding was not introduced, the offshore wind would remain silent for extended periods, then the UK might have difficulty in achieving its target for renewable generation. However, the bioenergy installation is affected by the co-firing cap, not the banding mechanism. The third chapter examines the substitution effect of wind on coal-fired and gas-fired generation and the efficiency of the Renewable Obligation scheme and the Contract for Difference scheme in supporting renewable electricity. The counterfactual analysis discerns that under both schemes, with the subsidy increases, wind generation’s substitution effect for coal-fired generation and its emission reduction efficiency are both declining.
Os Estados Unidos e o 25 de Abril de 1974
Authors: Gavín Víctor
Published: May 2024

25 April 1974 is a symbolic date not only for Portugal but also for Europe and the world. How did Washington react to this event? The White House of Richard Nixon/Gerald Ford and Henry Kissinger as Secretary of State and National Security Advisor embodied a democratic government that did not hesitate to support anti-democratic governments to defend its interests or those of the Western side in the Cold War. The aim of this article is to analyse the attitude of the United States towards April 25 and its attitude towards a movement that Kissinger described on April 29 as ‘superbly organised and well directed’.
Perspektif Budaya Ketimuran dalam Film Disney Princess
Authors: Saputri Nur Amala
Published: May 2024

This study aims to see the depiction of the meaning of eastern culture in the Disney Princess film 2020-2021. Disney as a global film company that is very thick with stories of western culture is now slowly starting to reconstruct eastern culture as a manifestation of its tolerance and openness to cultural diversity in the world. The method used is a semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes' model which sees a message meaning based on symbols ideologically. Researchers chose 2 Disney Princess films, namely Mulan (2020) and the film Raya and The Last Dragon (2021) as objects of research. Data collection was done by film observation and literature study. Researchers do documentation by screenshotting scenes and scenes that show symbols of eastern culture in both films. Then the screenshot images will be sorted based on the type of scene classification. The results of this study there are 4 forms of meaning of eastern culture, namely ideology or belief, attitude towards nature, collectivism, and lifestyle. The four cultural forms are practiced every day as a form of eastern cultural image represented in these two Disney films. Ironically, Disney still preserves the orientalization and Otherness of Eastern culture as a colonialism of Western hegemony.
Analisis Wacana Sara Mills dalam Film Serendipity
Authors: Nurussaadah Erfina , Yudhawirawan Radhi Abimanyu
Published: May 2024

The Serendipity film is a film by Indra Gunawan which was released in 2018. The film has a storyline in the form of issues regarding bullying in adolescents, especially young girls. Not only bullying but in this film there is an issue regarding gender equality between women and men. Based on the background above, the formulation of the problem in this thesis is how the position of the subject-object describes the position of bullying against women in the film Serendipity and how the position of the reader or viewer describes the position of bullying against women in the film Serendipity.The method used by researchers in this study is a Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis. This method has a focus on feminist discourse such as how women are shown in text, pictures, photos and news. This research is reviewed from the position of the subject-object and the position of the reader. The data used in this study are several scenes in the Serendipity film. The results of this study conclude that based on the theory used in this study, namely Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis, the character Rani has a depiction of an oppressed female student, and this analysis focuses on the depiction of women shown in the film Serendipity. Therefore, what Sara Mills does is often referred to as a feminist perspective. The point of concern from the perspective of feminist discourse is to show how the text is biased in presenting women as the wrong party.
Transformasi Digital Humas Bandara Internasional Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang Melalui Instagram
Authors: Kusuma Reyhan arya , Umami Zahrotul
Published: May 2024

Company public relations has a strategic role, especially in the context of communication and information distribution. This research will explore PT Angkasa Pura I's public relations strategy in utilizing Instagram as a digital transformation medium, with the hope of providing a deeper understanding of the company's efforts to communicate and disseminate information through social media. The purpose of this research is to describe PR strategies PT Angkasa Pura I General Ahmad Yani International Airport in disseminating information and communication in the era of digital transformation, especially through social media Instagram @semarangairport. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The theories used are Public Relations, Digital Transformation, Social Media and PESO. The results of this research show that the Public Relations of PT Angkasa Pura I General Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang has implemented a digital transformation strategy through Instagram by applying the PESO theory (Paid, earned, shared, owned) in disseminating information and communicating with the public.
Unveiling the Linguistic Landscape: Examining the Influence of Digital Communication in Social Media and Text Messaging on Language Development
Authors: N.S. Ahinasha
Published: May 2024

Social media and SMS are examples of digital communication tools that have drastically altered how people communicate. As a result, linguistic standards and usage have rapidly evolved. This article looks at how language has changed as a result of digital communication and how new linguistic traits and conventions have emerged. It examines how the current linguistic environment has been shaped by the widespread use of acronyms, emojis, abbreviations, and internet slang. This article comes to the conclusion that creative linguistic adaptations and new forms of expression have been sparked by digital communication through a thorough analysis of the scholarly literature and real-world language use on digital platforms. There is also discussion of how these language shifts brought about by digital technology affect interpersonal communication, education, and literacy. The ultimate goal of this article is to show how social media and SMS have significantly influenced language evolution in the current digital era.
The relationship between innovative and classical methods of professional orientation of teaching physics at a technical university
Authors: Neupokoeva Irina Vladimirovna
Published: May 2024

The introduction of two forms of conducting a laboratory workshop in physics for students for engineering and technology studies in the sphere of marine heat and power engineering, electrical equipment and automation means is considered to the process of studying at the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Astrakhan State Technical University”. The possibility of developing students' working skills in natural conditions with industrial devices and an engineering approach taking into account the multifactorial conditions of the experiment as an independent work in the framework of the workshop of technical creativity Applied Physics organized at the Department of General Engineering Disciplines and Ground Transport is shown. The formation of the professional orientation of interdisciplinary connections of students of the specialty Thermal Power Engineering and Heat Engineering is illustrated by the example of the development of the laboratory work Determination of the specific heat capacity of metals. The advantages of virtual laboratory work and the possibility of their use on the educational portal of the “Astrakhan State Technical University”, built on the Moodle virtual learning environment, are examined. An example of creating a virtual laboratory work Studying the law of conservation of momentum is considered. It is theoretically proved that the introduction of these types of work into the educational process in physics contributes to the optimally effective formation of general professional competencies and the professional orientation of students' education. The importance of introducing these types of laboratory work into the educational process of physics at the university for the development of students' analytical abilities, creativity and innovation, which is a prerequisite for studying of modern engineers in demand in the labor market in a rapidly changing world, is shown.
Bench tests of the new sealing of parts of the cylinder piston group of the marine internal combustion engine
Authors: Matveev Yuriy Ivanovich , Kuritsyn Sergey Yur'evich , Kazakov Sergey Sergeevich , Zhamalov Rafik Rafailevich
Published: May 2024

The engine consists of a large number of parts, each of which is responsible for a specific function of its efficient operation. The reliability of a marine diesel engine is largely determined by the resource of its individual components and parts. Therefore, in order to increase the engine life, it is necessary to allocate the most responsible parts in it, which are subject to greater wear and find solutions to increase their durability. Such details include piston rings, which affect not only the technical and economic performance of the engine, but also its reliability and environmental performance. Of the entire set of sealing parts of the cylinder-piston group, the upper piston compression ring should be distinguished as the most loaded. The main function of piston rings is noted – the creation of tightness of the combustion chamber. The passage of exhaust gases is inevitable due to the presence of a “lock” in the structure, and during operation, the wear of the piston rings leads to an increase in it, which affects fuel consumption, oil, and a decrease in engine power. One of the most negative consequences of piston ring wear is the appearance of “flutter” type vibration, which leads to the destruction of not only the ring, but also the edges of the piston grooves, especially on aluminum pistons. Worn grooves are not repaired by resorting to replacing pistons. A method for extending the service life is proposed, which consists in the use of a new sealing unit for cylinder piston group parts. The new sealing unit allows you to extend the piston's operability by boring the upper piston groove of the piston until all chips are eliminated. The operability of this node and the effectiveness of the seal was confirmed by an experiment that was conducted on the stand in conditions close to real ones. A technology for restoring the operability of pistons made of aluminum alloys is proposed.
Causes of damage to hull structures at the bow of ships
Authors: Burakovskiy Evgeny , Burakovskiy Pavel Evgenievich , Verevochkin Andrey , Yusyp Vyacheslav
Published: May 2024

The operation of marine vessels, especially large-tonnage ones, is accompanied by the occurrence of serious damage to hull structures within bow in stormy conditions. A new mechanism to explain the catastrophic destruction of the side grillages of large-tonnage ships in the area of the bow is proposed. Simulation of the process of flow around the fore end when it is digged in a wave using SPH technology showed that when the flow speeds around the fore end occur when the vessel moves in developed waves, there is a sharp drop in pressure in certain areas of the bow end. This circumstance can lead to the occurrence of cavitation that is confirmed by modeling the process of flow around the fore end using ANSYS FLUENT software. During stall cavitation, a cavitation cavern of considerable size may arise, the collapse of which is accompanied by the occurrence of hydrodynamic loads that can destroy hull structures. A calculation method is proposed that allows one to estimate the magnitude of hydrodynamic loads acting on the ship’s hull during the collapse of a cavitation cavern. To prevent damage to the bow in storm conditions, a number of constructive measures have been proposed. One of the options for solving the problem is to install a deck fairing in the bow that eliminates the negative influence of structural cavitators in the traditional design when the bow is digged in the wave. It is also possible to install a compressed air supply system to those areas of the bow where vacuum occurs when a liquid flows around when digged in a wave.
Research of modernization of sea passenger port based on digital twin and infrastructure assessment using dynamic data from unmanned aerial systems
Authors: Maiorov Nikolaj Nikolaevich , Silina Angelina Aleksandrovna , Fetisov Vladimir Andreevich
Published: May 2024

The current state of the maritime passenger transportation industry is considered, as well as the factors influencing the chosen industry are investigated (competition between ports in the sea region, new environmental requirements and a shortage of space for new ports and terminals in megacities). Models of the evolution of seaports and terminals in the regions of the seas are analyzed and the need to solve the problem of forecasting development, reasonable modernization is revealed infrastructure. The importance of integrating passenger ports into urban transport systems and ensuring effective interconnection of maritime transport with regional transport systems is noted. Special attention is paid to the growth and development potential of sea ferries and cruises in the Baltic Sea region, the historical importance of St. Petersburg for cruise tourism and the need for the gradual restoration of the port and the development of new route networks are noted. The necessity of developing new methods for modernizing the infrastructure of passenger seaports based on the creation of digital models and the use of dynamic data is substantiated. As a solution, it is proposed to create a new digital model of a marine passenger port using information obtained from unmanned aircraft systems. This model will accurately take into account the infrastructural features of passenger ports and terminals, as well as the established priority of berths for the service of cruise and ferry ships. For multi-scenario modeling, a new digital model of the marine passenger port of St. Petersburg “Marine Façade” is proposed. To analyze the simulation results, the developed software modules in the Python programming language are proposed to describe the behavior strategies of the decision maker (port manager). To describe the decision-making process in the conditions of uncertainty that arises when making a decision on the modernization of the port infrastructure, the choice of the Wald criterion was justified as a criterion. A series of experiments was performed, based on the data, digital 2D and 3D models of a marine passenger port were formed for subsequent use in the AnyLogic environment, and a digital twin was built. A distinctive feature of the model is the up-to-date information on the state of the transport infrastructure and integration with data on ship calls. The presented model, methods of working with the results of multi-dimensional modeling, the use of unmanned aircraft systems, and the development of a model based on decision-making under uncertainty can be applied to other passenger seaports and terminals, which emphasizes the universality of the proposed approach.
Integrative geography—Current issues in theory and practice (on the example of the Georgian geographical school)
Authors: Elizbarashvili Nodar , Davitashvili Luka , Elizbarashvili Rusudan , Bubashvili Luiza , Nanobashvili Tinatin
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the essence of integrative geography and its importance for the theory and practice of geographical science. Such areas of integrative geography are characterized, the development of which will further increase the importance of applied geographical science. They include teaching about cultural landscape and historical landscape (part of landscape studies), geoecological expertise and environmental impact assessment (part of geographic ecology), geographic archeology and ecological culture (part of historical geography), landscape management and landscape services (part of landscape planning), tourism—Assessment and planning of recreational resources (part of recreational geography).
Some new results for αβ-statistical convergence through difference compact operator of fuzzy 2- normed spaces
Authors: Mohammed Elaf Hussein
Published: May 2024

The research aims to provide advanced compact for order αβ-converge of statistic in the normed spaces of fuzzy-2 and introduce universal the  spaces̕ s.
Factors Influencing Milk Yield During Lactation of D’man Ewes in its Cradle in Algeria
Authors: Boubekeur Abderrahmen , Benyoucef Mohammed Tahar , Maaraf Abdelkade , Souddi Mohammed
Published: May 2024

A study was conducted at the National Institute of Agricultural Research (Adrar station) between 2017 and 2019 to assess the milk yield potential of prolific D’man ewes. A total of 210 daily milk production records from (of) 21 D’man ewes were collected during three successive lambings with the weighing method before and after feeding followed by manual milking. In addition, the effects of birth type, lambing rank, birth season and weight of ewes to the struggle (at breeding) on milk production were analyzed. The least-squares averages of daily and total milk production of D’man ewes were 0.85 ± 0.03 kg and 59.1 ± 0.96 kg, respectively, and the highest daily milk yield was observed in the second week of lactation. Ewes suckling more than two lambs had the highest milk yield. Indeed, ewes with triplets or more (+57.3%) and twins (+22.1%) have a significantly higher milk yield (P<0.01) than ewes nursing single lambs. The effect of the other factors was not significant on milk production of D’man ewes. It can be concluded that increasing the quantity of milk produced per ewe according to the number of lambs suckled will help to make the most of multiple lambings thanks to a low mortality rate and improved growth, especially during the first month of lactation.
What Message Does Wine Send to the Consumer Through the Label
Authors: Teodorescu Gabriela
Published: May 2024

Wine is a complex product that goes from the concept of food to that of hedonic drink in the perception of consumers. In this context, it is very important for wine producers to understand the factors of perception of consumer quality but also the relative importance they attach to these factors when deducting the quality of wine to meet these expectations, needs or desires. The existing label on a bottle of wine must contain practical and accurate information so that the consumer makes the purchase decision instead of a similar products. Buying wine in the retail store system (specialized stores) should not hurt more than ten minutes (2003, Schnettler and Rivera). So, both the information on the label and the product evaluation will be closely related to the time consumers need to observe and analyze them (2017, Krishna et al.). If we include the information such as: the designation of origin, therapeutic recommendations, nutritional information, have a great influence on the intention to purchase and as a result this aspect requires in-depth studies. Content is especially important for experienced consumers who are looking for relevant information available to be sure of their purchase. This article presents importance to wine specialists, experts, research, as a starting point in understanding information about consumers behavior for the same products and markets. They can be used as a guide to identify similarities in consumer behaviors for different products with wine-like features. We aim to complement this research with recent findings and conclusions related to consumer behavior by studying culture and noting differences in the country, culture, religions or races in wine consumption. We can provide a general picture of the current state of education of the factors of perception of wine quality through sensory analysis. To this end, the factors determining the perceived state of the wine as a product, the state of the consumer and the state of consumption shall be analyzed first. Then, the most widely used methodologies are discussed to study the hedonic sense of consumers. Finally, the characteristics of wine related to the perception of the quality are evaluated.
Reviewing the Role of Functional Ingredients in Improving Immune Health and Disease Management in Breeding Animals: Current Perspectives and Emerging Trends
Authors: Gheorghe Raluca Aniela Irimia , Tăpăloagă Dana , Șonea Cosmin , Ghimpețeanu Oana Mărgărita , Gurău Maria Rodica , Tăpăloagă Paul-Rodian
Published: May 2024

This review delves into recent advancements in livestock research, focusing on genetic diversity, disease resistance, and immune function. Through an in-depth analysis of various studies, this review elucidates the intricate interplay of genetic factors influencing disease susceptibility and resilience in livestock populations. Investigations highlight the efficacy of functional ingredients, such as plant extracts and marine-derived compounds, in enhancing immune health and disease resistance in breeding animals. Additionally, the review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of specific ingredients, shedding light on signaling pathways and gene expression profiles involved in bolstering immune function. Furthermore, the review explores emerging trends in livestock nutrition, including the utilization of fruit processing by-products to improve animal health and performance. Insights into the role of prebiotics in modulating gut microbiota and mitigating diet-related maladies provide valuable perspectives for enhancing livestock welfare and productivity. By synthesizing these findings, this review underscores the critical importance of genetic selection, dietary interventions, and immunomodulatory strategies in promoting the health and resilience of livestock populations.
Study on the Evolution of Genetic Resources of Domestic Animals in Romania
Authors: Sandu Mariana , Străteanu Amalia Gianina , Udrea Lavinia
Published: May 2024

The paper proposes the identification of animal breeds at risk of abandonment and the analysis of animal genetic resources from the perspective of the evolution of total herds and genetic quality determination programs.

Data from the National Institute of Statistics show that in the period 2015–2022, Romania recorded a decline in the total livestock of cattle (−12.34%) and pigs (−32.44%) and slight increases in the total sheep and goats. On the other hand, the National Agency for Animal Husbandry indicates significant decreases in the number of breeding females, both in cattle (−14.7%) and pigs (−32.5%). Within the 4 species of animals analysed (cattle, sheep, goats and pigs), 14 breeds in danger of abandonment were identified, generally native breeds with lower production potential than that of improved breeds. For the identified animal breeds, genetic quality determination programs have been approved, which are implemented by animal breeders’ associations accredited for the establishment and management of Genealogical Registries.

Maintaining the genetic diversity of local breeds in danger of abandonment can contribute to the diversification of existing populations, to restoring the vitality of selected lines, to increasing the productivity and disease resistance of animals.
Structural Assessment for Improving Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings
Authors: Lluka Diana
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the pivotal role of structural assessment in enhancing energy efficiency within public buildings. Structural assessment, a systematic evaluation of building components and systems, is essential for ensuring safety, longevity, and sustainability. By identifying weaknesses and improvement opportunities, structural assessment provides valuable insights for stakeholders to enhance operational efficiency and compliance with safety standards.

The symbiotic relationship between structural integrity and energy efficiency underscores the significance of prioritizing structural considerations in sustainable building design. Material selection, design principles, and maintenance practices are crucial factors influencing energy performance. Structural assessments aid in pinpointing critical issues contributing to energy loss, such as air leaks, thermal bridging, and inadequate insulation. Recommendations derived from these assessments enable targeted interventions to improve energy performance and occupant comfort.

Case studies of three schools highlight the tangible benefits of energy efficiency retrofits informed by structural assessments. These retrofits result in significant reductions in energy consumption, enhanced indoor comfort, and a diminished carbon footprint. A structured strategy for conducting seismic structural assessments and subsequent energy efficiency improvements is proposed, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to building sustainability.

In conclusion, structural assessment serves as a linchpin for advancing energy efficiency in public buildings. By leveraging insights from structural assessments, stakeholders can drive transformative change towards a greener and more sustainable future, fostering environments that promote human well-being and environmental stewardship.
Differences in stress levels between Albanian and German students
Authors: Taraj Petrit
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to determine and compare the factors influencing the increase in stress levels of students at German and Albanian universities. In addition to descriptive statistics to analyze the data, the authors used factor analysis, the Independent Samples t-Test, and bivariate correlation among others in the study. An online questionnaire divided into three sections was used as a tool for data collection. The description of statistics expressed in percentages and the data analysis were performed using SPSS software, Version 16. The results showed that students experienced a high level of stress, 44.1214, with some variations among them. The results confirmed a higher level of stress among Albanian students compared to German students. On the other hand, the results indicated that the “Fear of failing exams” factor had a greater impact on increasing stress levels among German students compared to Albanian students.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Tuned Vertical Isolation System for Seismic Risk Mitigation
Authors: Babaei S. , Karimi Ghaleh Jough F.
Published: May 2024

Vertical isolation by dividing the building into two soft and stiff sub-systems benefits from the period shifts and the damping mechanism across the height. However, the displacement demand imposed on the soft sub-system is less applicable in congested urban areas. As a result, in this study, a hybrid system of vertical isolation system benefiting from a tuned soft subsystem divided into upper and lower portions is investigated. A parametric linear 3-Degree of Freedom (DoF) model of the system incorporating mass and frequency ratio of the sub-systems was introduced and analyzed by response spectrum in MATLAB. A closed-form solution for the system frequency and mode shapes was also established. Response spectrum analysis indicates increasing the Tuned Mass Damper (TMD)’s fundamental period to 2.5 times the soft sub-system’s, reduces its displacement to more than 40 percent. The Multi Degree of Freedom (MDoF) model of the system is parametrically generated in MATLAB. Time history analysis of the building subjected to 40 records with 2 and 10 percent probabilities of exceedance in 50 years compared with conventional vertical isolation reveals the lower soft sub-system displacement can be reduced up to 45 percent by shifting drift to upper stories. The innovative tuned vertical isolation by demonstrating superior control performance as comprises lower floors’ drift may be an applicable solution for adjacent high- and low-rise buildings.
Durability Performance and Mechanical Behavior of Pet Fiber Reinforced Recycled Fluid Concrete
Authors: Bayah Meriem , Debieb F. , El-Hadj K. , Bentchikou M.
Published: May 2024

Many environmental problems can be attributed to various sources, such as the demolition of old buildings, waste from bricks, glass waste, among others, which are generated worldwide. This waste is converted and recycled as natural aggregate. On the other hand, a significant issue with concrete incorporating Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) is its inferior properties compared to natural aggregate concrete. The subpar properties of RCA concrete can be enhanced by the addition of Fibers. This research examines the effects of polyethylene terephthalate fiber (RPETF) and recycled fine concrete aggregates (RFCA) on the mechanical properties and durability of self-compacting concrete (SCC). Three concrete families were created: one using RPETF alone, one using RFCA alone, and a third utilizing both RPETF and RFCA combined. The natural fine aggregates (NFA) were replaced with RFCA in increments of 25% from 0% to 100%. The results showed that the split tensile strengths of the mix of 100% RFCA and 1.2 % RPETF have improved over time by 28% compared to the mix with 100% RFCA alone. However, the inclusion of RPETF in SCC mixtures with varying amounts of RFCA resulted in reduced durability of the composite.
Punching of Concrete Slabs Reinforced by Recycling Waste
Authors: Hassani K. , Atlaoui D. , Bouafia Y.
Published: May 2024

This study aims to experimentally evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete slabs reinforced with two types of fibers: metallic fibers (MF) and grids based on polypropylene fibers (PPG). The metallic fibers, sourced from machining waste of steel parts, are randomly distributed in the concrete, while the polypropylene fibers are arranged in grids. The investigation includes punching tests conducted on slabs measuring [25x50x7] cm³, as well as compression tests on cylinders with a diameter of Ø16 cm and a height of H32 cm. Mechanical resistance and tearing characteristics of the fibers were also assessed. The concrete’s composition was determined using the experimental “Dreux-Gorisse” method. Five different metal fiber contents (MF) were studied (W=0.2%, W=0.4%, W=0.6%, W=0.8%, and W=1%), alongside a control concrete sample (BT) with no fibers (W=0%) having the same composition as the matrix. Two variants of grids based on small-mesh polypropylene fibers (PPG/SM) and large-mesh (PPG/LM) configurations were considered. The comparative analysis of the results highlights that, at a fiber content of W=0.8%, metallic fibers (MF) enhance both resistance and rigidity more effectively than polypropylene fibers in small meshes (PPG/SM) and large meshes (PPG/LM), thereby limiting the formation of puncturing cracks.
Economic Growth and Spatial Analysis in Transport Corridors: A Preliminary Review
Authors: Lakhminarayanan S. , Nair Shalini R. , Chandrasekar P.
Published: May 2024

The construction and development of international transport corridors have become a means of cross-border space governance, promoting the flexibility of international industrial chains and supply chains. Due to the uncertainty of cooperation, the development of international transport corridors entails a long-term and complex system of engineering. Transport corridors can generate wider economic benefits and costs through their effects on a potentially diverse set of development outcomes, such as economic growth, poverty, jobs, equity, environmental quality, and economic resilience. The focus on roads, rails, and waterways is justified, as transport corridors based on these modes have clearer potential for economic spillovers than, for example, airline routes. The current paper describes a multi-method approach involving spatial and non-spatial analysis to investigate spatial disparity along a proposed corridor and examine its integration within the existing settlement structure. The conceptual structure for the review is guided by a simple canonical model describing the policy maker’s problem in maximizing the net wider economic benefits of corridors. The meta-analysis confirms that characteristics of individual studies, as well as the placement and design of transport infrastructures, systematically influence the findings of corridor studies. It also shows that, on average, estimated impacts of corridor interventions on economic welfare and equity tend to be beneficial, while they are often detrimental to environmental quality, and possibly also to social inclusion.
Interpolation Method Consistency Analysis in the Creation of Digital Terrain Models
Authors: Suba N.-Sz. , Bydłosz J. , Sturza Amalia Ana , Dragomir Emanuela Iulia
Published: May 2024

The present paper proposes to analyse the consistency of several interpolation methods for generating a grid structure, which will be used for digital terrain modelling in the case of water retention basins (polders). The aim is to use a single dataset, from which a number of measured points will be eliminated, after which several interpolation methods will be applied to the remaining dataset in order to analyze which method yields the nearest correct (measured) value. The research focuses on comparing the reliability, consistency and sheer data accuracy (in comparison with pre-determined control points) of both the resulted grids and the noise filtered ones, to assess the performance of each method.
Exploring Legal and Non-Legal Approaches to Eliminating Child Labor in the Cocoa Industry In Ghana
Authors: Ansong Alex , Agomor Kingsley S.
Published: May 2024

The problem of child labor in cocoa-producing countries like Ghana and Ivory Coast has been projected into the international limelight due to coverage by notable international media organizations like CNN, BBC, and Al Jazeera. The incidence of child labor in the cocoa industry raises legal and ethical issues in the production and manufacturing processes that feed into international trade. This paper explores the international legal framework on child labor under the Minimum Age Convention and the consistency of Ghanaian domestic law with the Convention. It further discusses empirical data collected from Anyinam, a cocoa farming community in the Eastern Region of Ghana and the sustainability programme of Federated Commodities Ltd. (FEDCO), as a private sector responsible business initiative aimed at addressing the problem of child labor from a holistic approach.
Discrimination under Political or other Opinions in Pre-Contractual Labor Relationship
Authors: Takashvili Simoni
Published: May 2024

The legislative changes implemented in the Labor Code of Georgia fundamentally changed the regulations governing the prohibition of discrimination. In order to bring them closer to the law of the European Union, a number of important issues were identified that require scientific processing and comparative legal research. One of the current and problematic types of discrimination in Georgian reality is not hiring a person and/or dismissing him/her due to political or other opinions. Case law regarding these topics practically does not exist. The present article deals with the existing regulation related to discrimination due to political or other opinions in pre-contractual relationships. The present paper examines whether Georgian legislation complies with acts of ILO and European law.
Correlation between International Regulations and Domestic Regulations in the Field of Human Rights and Freedoms
Authors: Moroșteș Anca Florina
Published: May 2024

The correlation between international regulations and domestic regulations in the field of human rights and freedoms” analyses the relationship and mutual impact between international human rights norms and standards and the domestic legislation of the States. The paper investigates the importance and ways in which international regulations influence and are implemented in the domestic legislation of States to ensure the protection and observance of human rights. First of all, States have to pass appropriate domestic legislation to implement and give practical effect to international human rights norms and standards. This means that domestic regulations must be consistent with States’ international obligations and ensure the protection and respect of human rights at a national level. Secondly, international human rights regulations can serve as instruments for interpreting and applying domestic law. States can use international standards as references for interpreting and applying their domestic laws, thereby ensuring that human rights are duly observed and protected.
The Child’s Right to Establish and Preserve his or her Identity. Legislative and Case-Law Considerations
Authors: Creț Daniela Cristina
Published: May 2024

In each state there are certain vulnerable categories of population: children, elderly, disabled people, who need special protection in order to realize their rights. Among them, there are children, whose rights are explicitly regulated in Romania by Law nr. 272/2004 on the protection and promotion of children’s rights, but also in other related laws. In the following, we intend to analyze: the right of the child to establish and preserve his or her identity in accordance with relevant legislation and case law.