bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hvordan husker man ord?
Authors: Henriksen Birgit
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Tidlig sprogstart – en mulighed for styrkelse af den interkulturelle dimension?
Authors: Svarstad Lone
Published: October 2022

I august 2014 vil landets skolebørn møde engelsk allerede fra 1. klasse og fransk og tysk fra 5. klasse. [...]
Tidligere sprogstart: begrundelser og praksisanbefalinger
Authors: Daryai-Hansen Petra , Gregersen Annette , Søgaard Karoline
Published: October 2022

I have been learning languages for long years but I haven’t got anywhere (Nikolov 2001).I de fleste europæiske lande lærer eleverne deres første obligatoriske [...]
Opgavedidaktik og stilladsering
Authors: Slot Marie
Published: October 2022

Opgaver er et centralt læremiddel i undervisningen, da opgaver definererelevernes møde [...]
Latin-Amerika i lærebøker i spansk Hva formidles og hvilke stemmer kommer til orde?
Authors: Eide Liv
Published: October 2022

Spørsmålet om hva en lærebok skal inneholde, og hvilke kunnskaperog verdier som bør formidles, er til tider [...]
En anderledes kulturpædagogik
Authors: Sommer Maya Bram
Published: October 2022

Grænseforeningens Kulturmødeambassadører
Åbne Sider - Engelskkursus for fiskere
Authors: Beyer Lis Ramberg
Published: October 2022

For tre år siden blev jeg kontaktet af Danmarks Fiskeriforening ogbedt om at holde en [...]
Chunks – en vej til kommunikativ kompetence i tyskundervisningen
Authors: Holst-Pedersen Jette von
Published: October 2022

Goethe beskriver i sin selvbiografi Aus meinem Leben. Dichtung undWahrheit, hvordan [...]
Lærerperspektiver på faglig målsætning i dansk og engelsk
Authors: Kabel Kristine , Svarstad Lone
Published: October 2022

Denne artikel bygger på konklusioner fra rapporten Faglig målsætningi skolen – et narrativt review med dansk og engelsk som case (Stovgaard,Krogsgaard Svarstad & Kabel 2014), der er blevet til [...]
Fremstilling af etnisk, sproglig og kulturel mangfoldighed i dansksprogede læremidler til kinesisk: hvordan og hvorfor?
Authors: Jakob Kirkebæk Mads
Published: October 2022

Formålet med artiklen er at beskrive, analysere og diskutere fremstillingen af etnisk, sproglig og kulturel mangfoldighed i fire udvalgte læremidler til undervisning i kinesisk, hvoraf (...)
Genrepædagogik i engelsk på læreruddannelsen
Authors: Jacobsen Susanne Karen
Published: October 2022

Engelsklærere i den danske folkeskole skal ud over at kunne fungeresom sproglige vejledere være i stand til at...
Genrepædagogik på sprogcentrene – hvordan kommer man i gang?
Authors: Jørgensen Anne Urskov , Nielsen Jane Kristine
Published: October 2022

Den australske genrepædagogik har efterhånden opnået store landvindingeri hele Skandinavien (Hedeboe 2009: 1), herhjemme i....
Fremtiden for fremmedspråkstudier - utfordringer og tiltak
Authors: Lindemann Beate
Published: October 2022

Åbne Sider
Hvad hedder det på fransk? Ordforrådstilegnelse og mundtlig kommunikation
Authors: Bendsen Sigrid
Published: October 2022

Dette er artikel til rubrikken Åbne Sider.
Til forsvar for kritisk medie-literacy og digital etik
Authors: Luke Allan , Sefton-Green Julian , Pedersen Michael Svendsen
Published: October 2022

Wikileaks og falske nyheder; et amerikansk præsidentembede der varetages via twitter; Charlie Hebdo; (...)
Dansk tegnsprog: Man bliver en bedre tolk af at forstå sprogbrugernes kultur
Authors: Myrup Louise
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Samspil – sprogdidaktiske tilgange til arbejdsrettet andetsprogsundervisning
Authors: Svendsen Pedersen Michael
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Sneak Peak – Cultural studies og en værdiorienteret tilgang til interkulturel læring
Authors: Raun Bøg Thomas , Alexander Holm Thorsen Emil , Krogsgaard Svarstad Lone
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Kunsten at gøre fremmedsprogsundervisningen “fremmed”
Authors: Olsen Merete , Hattesen Balle Sørensen
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Translanguaging
Authors: Holmen Anne , Thise Helene
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Ekskursionen som læringsrum
Authors: Aistrup Helle , Susanne Van den Hoed Jonna
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Oplevet autenticitet i dansklæringen
Authors: Frederiksen Karen-Margrete , Årosin Laursen Katja
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Læringsfællesskaber omkring literacypraksisser
Authors: Mose Lena
Published: October 2022

Resumé
‘Negere’ som sprogstrid: Kulturarv, spin og hverdagserfaring
Authors: Haas Claus
Published: October 2022

Resumé
Imitation, skrivepædagogik og fremmedsprog
Authors: Geist Uwe
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Tidssvarende undervisningsmateriale
Authors: Wagner Johannes
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Fra oversættelse til tekstformidling
Authors: Preisler Bent
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Døve og fremmedsprogsundervisningen
Authors: Gamborg Esther
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Giv grammatikken indhold
Authors: Lund Karen
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Projektarbejdet og sprogindlæring på RUC's internationale basisuddannelse
Authors: Rasmussen Signe Lehman , Zukunft Iben
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Danskundervisning og værksteder
Authors: Lindberg Else
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Dansk som andetsprog i folkeskolen
Authors: Kristjánsdóttir Bergthóra S.
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Om Europarådets sprogprojekter
Authors: Rise Elsebeth
Published: October 2022

Artikel ved rubrikken ”Åbne Sider” i tidsskriftet.
Åbne prøver for kreativ sprogundervisning
Authors: Lammers Hans
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Esperanto
Authors: Bagger Preben
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Danskundervisning for udenlandske studerende på RUC
Authors: Frederiksen Karen-Margrete
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
En ting ad gangen
Authors: Ohrt Pia Zinn
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Lærerudvikling gennem lærerdagbog
Authors: Nygaard Helle
Published: October 2022

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En rejse gennem skriveforskningens og skrivedidaktikkens univers
Authors: Pogner Karl-Heinz
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Retteprocedurer - og procesorienteret skrivepædagogik
Authors: Frederiksen Pernille
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Lærerens interkulturelle kompetence
Authors: Risager Karen
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Undervisning med udsigt
Authors: Vonsbæk Merete
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
EU's sprogår 2001 - Sprog åbner døre
Authors: Rise Elsebeth
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Føroyskt - Færøsk
Authors: Jacobsen Jógvan í Lon
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Den interkulturelle sprogbruger
Authors: Jæger Kirsten
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Sprogpolitik i klasseværelset
Authors: Risager Karen
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
"Italiensk for begyndere"
Authors: Haastrup Kirsten
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Projektarbejde i task-perspektiv
Authors: Bertelsen Ellen , Arildsen Bente
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Retten til eget modersmål
Authors: Gimbel Jørgen
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Rødhætte eller eventyr i franskundervisningen
Authors: Dahlgreen Birte
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Sprogpolitik og sproglig mangfoldighed i Schweiz
Authors: Christensen Klavs Odgaard
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Samtale fremmer forståelse
Authors: Brouwer Catherine E.
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Sprog skaber folk:
Authors: Ladegaard Hans Jørgen
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Prøveformer med IT i fransk og spansk
Authors: Weibrecht Jens Peder
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Studieprøven i dansk som andetsprog - en ny prøve
Authors: Lindberg Else
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Ordliste
Authors: Pedersen Michael Svendsen
Published: October 2022

Centrale begreber er forklaret i denne ordliste.
Sprogstimulering af tosprogede småbørn
Authors: Kristjánsdóttir Bergthóra S.
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Analfabet & Begynderundervisning
Authors: Knudsen Lars
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Cooperative Learning i fremmedsprogsundervisningen
Authors: Stenlev Jette
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Sprogfagene og det mundtlige rum
Authors: Haugsted Mads Th.
Published: October 2022

Artikel ved rubrikken ”Åbne Sider” i tidsskriftet.
Anmeldelse af Udblik og Indblik. Internationalisering i folkeskolen
Authors: Risager Karen
Published: October 2022

Anmeldelse:

Signe Holm-Larsen, Marianne Ledstrup og Lise Stampe Rasmussen: Udblik og Indblik. Internationalisering i folkskolen

Kroghs Forlag 2002
Hvad skal vi med alle de sprog?
Authors: Palmgren Ulla Gjedde
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Sig det med internettet
Authors: Pedersen Ulla
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Gymnasiereformen - penge og kvalitet, tak!
Authors: Bjargum Nanna
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Anmeldelse af En rummelig skole
Authors: Kristjánsdóttir Bergthóra S.
Published: October 2022

Anmeldelse:

K. Christensen, F. Yakaboylu og M. Engel (red.): En rummelig skole. Ufe-nyt, Temahæfte 2003, 100 s.
“O sofrimento vai ter fim?”
Authors: De Paula Wander Andrade
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo visa discutir o papel desempenhado pelo sofrimento nas reflexões culturais de Nietzsche e Freud. Para tanto, 1) indicarei o contexto filosófico em que o tema ganha notoriedade, no pensamento de Arthur Schopenhauer; 2) investigarei, especialmente a partir de passagens selecionadas de Para além de bem e mal e Genealogia da moral, como a origem da cultura é vinculada por Nietzsche aos perigos do desejo humano de fazer sofrer; 3) examinarei, sobretudo a partir de O mal-estar na cultura, a concepção freudiana de que o “mal-estar” (Unbehagen) na cultura é fruto da renúncia pulsional, característica da formação e do desenvolvimento psíquico do indivíduo; e, por fim, 4) analisarei comparativamente o pensamento dos dois autores, buscando enfatizar sobretudo em que medida o sofrimento constitui, do ponto de vista teórico, um dos principais conceitos de suas reflexões sobre a origem da cultura.
A persistência do niilismo nos escritos de Nietzsche de 1888
Authors: Araldi Clademir Luís
Published: October 2022

Procuro mostrar neste artigo que o niilismo persiste como um problema sem solução nos escritos de Nietzsche até agosto de 1888. O niilismo como vontade de nada emerge como um problema, principalmente no escrito O niilismo europeu e na terceira dissertação da Genealogia da moral, ambos de 1887. Investigarei como Nietzsche ainda permanece enredado ao problema da verdade, após vincular o niilismo ao horror vacui. Defendo que as soluções propostas no ano de 1888 giram em torno de propostas diversas da transvaloração dos valores, mas não conseguem romper o círculo da “magia do extremo” que anima o pensamento do Filósofo Solitário. Na arte estaria a saída mais promissora, mas o Filósofo da Transvaloração não a radicaliza até as suas últimas consequências.
Niilismo
Authors: Van Tongeren Paul
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo examina o conceito, o diagnóstico e o prognóstico feito por Nietzsche a respeito do niilismo europeu e sua história, e o analisa como uma das mais importantes de suas contribuições para a filosofia e a cultura de nosso tempo.
Verdades e mentiras na obra inicial de Nietzsche
Authors: B. Pippin Robert
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo toma como diretriz uma pergunta fundamental: o que significa ver a filosofia do ponto de vista de uma vida afirmável e sustentável? Com base nessa pergunta, examina-se a natureza da alternativa filosófica proposta por Nietzsche ao ascetismo entranhado no âmago da filosofia ocidental, a autoridade com que esta alternativa é enunciada, bem como a relação existente entre a referida alternativa e o ascetismo por ela radicalmente criticado.
Nietzsche’s values, de John Richardson
Authors: Malbouisson Iara , Petry Isadora
Published: October 2022

Não se aplica.
Importância e Utilidade das Anotações Massoréticas para a Tradução da Bíblia Hebraica
Authors: De Faria Francisco Edson
Published: October 2022

A tradução da Bíblia Hebraica requer o conhecimento profundo e amplo da gramática do hebraico bíblico por parte de qualquer tradutor. Além do saber gramatical, é necessário, ter noção, mesmo que elementar, a respeito da acentuação massorética. A habilidade de trabalhar com a crítica textual é igualmente relevante para se produzir uma tradução séria do texto bíblico hebraico. Além de tais saberes, a decodificação e interpretação das anotações massoréticas (a massorá), tanto as da masora parva quanto as da masora magna, auxiliam no entendimento correto do texto original hebraico da Bíblia e na solução de situações de tradução complexa. Além disso, as notas da massorá revelam como os massoretas interpretavam o texto bíblico hebraico. Neste artigo, pretende-se comentar determinadas anotações da massorá que auxiliam na solução da tradução do texto da Bíblia Hebraica e que não podem ser ignoradas ou mesmo negligenciadas por parte de qualquer tradutor. Algumas notas massoréticas são comentadas na recente obra Antigo Testamento Interlinear Hebraico-Português (ATI) (FRANCISCO, 2012-2020), o que revela a necessidade de se conhecer tais observações para o processo tradutório do texto bíblico hebraico. No presente texto científico, almeja-se ampliar o conhecimento referente à massorá como uma das ferramentas fundamentais para a tradução da Bíblia Hebraica.
Salmos 111-112
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Ferreira Belém Doaldo , Dos Santos Antônio Marcos
Published: October 2022

Os Sl 111-112 se assemelham tanto que até parecem “dois irmãos gêmeos”. Eles são realmente os únicos acrósticos alfabéticos bíblicos onde os 22 membros começam com cada uma das 22 letras do alfabeto hebraico, chamados de acrósticos alfabéticos. Ao analisá-los à luz da Análise Retórica Bíblica Semítica, o que se pretende é ver como ambos se assemelham nos termos, temas e teologia. Se cada membro dos Sl 111-112 pode e deve ser analisado em si mesmo, não é possível separá-los. Os estudiosos os analisam dentro do mesmo estudo, inicialmente separando, e depois olhando um e outro, dado a lado, como temos aqui em nosso estudo. A respeito destes dois salmos acrósticos, podermos afirmar que se trata de uma verdadeira obra de arte, tecida pelas mãos e finas penas de um sensível artista da Palavra de Deus. Só o Espírito de Deus para conduzir a fragilidade humana diante de superlativa beleza de uma construção literária tão rica e tão intrincada entre si, a tal ponto que se completam e se complementam, a partir da colaboração que cada um oferece ao outro e ao inteiro Saltério. Enquanto o Sl 111 é teológico, com YHWH dominando o cenário, o Sl 112 é antropológico, com o homem feliz e bom dominando o cenário. O que se aplica a Deus, no Sl 111, aplica-se ao homem no Sl 112. Uma linda teia é tecida e construída para ser lida em conjunto, como nos propomos aqui neste artigo.
Traduzindo Babel
Authors: Merlo Nascimento Lucas , Chwarts Suzana
Published: October 2022

O artigo consiste numa proposta de tradução do texto bíblico de Gênesis 11,1-9, a narrativa sobre a Torre de Babel, por meio da qual se possa recuperar no texto-língua-cultura de chegada algumas características e experiências do texto original, pertencente a uma língua e cultura bastante diferente, respeitando tais diferenças pelo estranhamento. Para tanto, empregamos os procedimentos tradutórios adotados por Martin Buber e Franz Rosenzweig, comprometidos com o texto hebraico, e de outros que, com diferentes preocupações, trilharam caminhos semelhantes, como Haroldo de Campos e Henri Meschonnic, que ressaltam a necessidade de uma certa liberdade poética para lograr uma maior aproximação com o texto literário original. Iniciamos com um panorama teórico, passando pelos objetivos da presente tradução, seu lócus de produção, as características textuais e culturais do texto original, as estratégias de tradução e a tradução em si, para, por fim, explicitar as estratégias tradutórias no texto em questão.
Ἅγιος como santuário na Epístola aos Hebreus
Authors: Rodrigues Adriani Milli , Nunes Leonardo Godinho
Published: October 2022

Uma das intrigantes questões de tradução na Epístola aos Hebreus se relaciona com a expressão grega ἅγιος e suas variações, como referência ao santuário. Mais especificamente, há uma dificuldade em determinar se a ocorrência de ἅγιος diz respeito ao santuário de forma geral, ou se refere a um de seus compartimentos em particular. Essa amplitude de possibilidades de significado para a tradução potencialmente influencia a leitura das passagens da epístola que contêm essa expressão, bem como a compreensão de sua teologia como um todo. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo objetiva analisar as traduções de ἅγιος, no campo semântico específico de santuário, para a língua portuguesa, em versões bíblicas da Epístola de Hebreus no Brasil. Em um primeiro momento, o artigo compara as traduções de ἅγιος para santuário em Hebreus realizadas por influentes versões bíblicas no Brasil. A seguir, há uma breve investigação exegética do significado de ἅγιος como santuário em Hebreus para uma avaliação geral de sua tradução na epístola.
Tradução da Bíblia
Authors: Solano Rossi Luiz Alexandre , Dietrich Luiz José , Souza Waldir
Published: October 2022

Não se aplica.
Bioloģiski noārdāmi polibutilēna sukcināta koka-plastmasas kompozīti ar uzlabotām ekspluatācijas īpašībām
Authors: Platnieks Oskars
Published: October 2022

Lielākā daļa komerciāli izmantotās plaša patēriņa plastmasas nav bioloģiski noārdāma. Promocijas darbā ilgtspējīgu kompozītmateriālu izstrādei izmantota PBS plastmasa, kas iegūta, izmantojot 50 % atjaunojamu izejvielu, savukārt pildviela – celuloze – iegūta no atjaunojamiem vai atkritumu resursiem. PBS / celulozes kompozītu ekspluatācijas īpašībām jāspēj uzrādīt augsta mehānisko īpašību stabilitāte neatkarīgi no ārējās vides iedarbības. Turklāt pēc dzīves cikla beigām ir sagaidāms, ka kompozīts augsnē ātri sadalīsies. Tas tiek panākts, kombinējot hidrofobo PBS matricu, kas piedāvā izcilu plastiskumu, un celulozes daļiņas ar lieliskām stiegrojuma spējām. Celulozes pildvielām ir unikāla morfoloģija, ko var pielāgot konkrētam izmēram, veicot mehānisku un ķīmisku apstrādi, savukārt virsmas ķīmisko struktūru var pielāgot ar modifikācijas metodēm vai piedevām.
Biodegradable Polybutylene Succinate Wood Plastic Composites with Enhanced Exploitation Properties
Authors: Platnieks Oskars
Published: October 2022

The author of the Thesis uses bio-based PBS and cellulose from renewable circular resources to develop sustainable composite materials. The PBS/cellulose composites must fulfil demanding properties during materials application, while retaining high dimensional stability and mechanical properties. In addition, after the life cycle ends, it is expected that the composite will rapidly desintegrate in the soil. This is achieved using a hydrophobic PBS matrix that offers excellent ductility and rigid cellulose particles with excellent reinforcement capabilities. Cellulose fillers have exceptional morphology that can be tailored by mechanical and chemical processing to a specific size, while surface chemistry can be adjusted with modification methods or compatibilizers.
Parameter Estimation on Hybrid Zenith Camera and Gravimeter Data for Integrated Gravity Field and Geoid Determination Based on Spherical-cap-harmonics Modelling
Authors: Morozova Katerina
Published: October 2022

The main objective of the Doctoral Thesis is to develop a new solution for the Earth gravity field determination based on spherical-cap-harmonic modelling, using both vertical deflection and gravimetric hybrid data. The values of vertical deflections caused by gravity field anomaly are computed using digital zenith camera. It is a new kind of astrogeodetic instrument employing recent advancements in several areas of technology. The intention is to use vertical deflections along with GNSS/levelling and gravity data to improve the local quasi-geoid model including both physical and geometrical data.
Ražošanas uzņēmumu energoefektivitātes paaugstināšanas metodes un algoritmi
Authors: Boreiko Dmitrijs
Published: October 2022

Promocijas darbā autors analizē pasaulē uzkrāto pieredzi energoefektivitātes un pieprasījumreakcijas jautājumos. Izmantojot šo pieredzi un mūsdienu tehnoloģijas, izstrādāta metodika, kas ļauj izmantot energoefektivitātes paaugstināšanu un pieprasījumreakciju lieliem ražotājiem ar mērķi samazināt elektroenerģijas izmaksas, kā arī samazināt CO2 izmešus atmosfērā. Piedāvātā kompleksā pieeja ietver tādus jautājumus kā iekārtu izmantošanas optimizācija ražotnē; ražošanas ciklu optimizācija, balstoties uz elektroenerģijas cenām; elektroenerģijas akumulācijas izmantošana, lai pārbīdītu patēriņu laikā, apvienojumā ar iepriekš uzskaitītajiem optimizācijas pasākumiem; pašu “zaļās” ģenerācijas integrācija kopā ar minētajiem optimizācijas pasākumiem. Visi šie piedāvājumi un pasākumi ir virtuāli aprobēti vienā no Rīgas uzņēmumiem, kas ieinteresējās par šo pētījumu un sniedza izpētei nepieciešamo informāciju.
Solitary Osteochondroma of L2 Spinous Process
Authors: Lakkireddy Maheshwar , Eppakayala Srikanth , Kumar Maley Deepak , Kumar Ravi , Sathu Sreedhar
Published: October 2022

Osteochondroma is the most common primary benign bone tumour frequently affecting the appendicular skeleton and rarely involves the spine and even more rarely involves the lower lumbar region. The present case report was a rare case of osteochondroma arising from spinous process of L2 vertebra. A 12-year-old male was visited with his parents with complaints of progressive painless swelling in the lower back for six months. After thorough evaluation osteochondroma arising from L2 spinous process was diagnosed. Patient was operated with extraperiosteal enbloc excision of the tumour along with L2 spinous process. Enbloc excision of axial exostosis should be considered owing to the risk factor of neurological involvement and rare malignant transformation.
Outpatient Therapeutic Programme for Malnourished Children
Authors: Alflah Yousef M.
Published: October 2022

Outpatient therapeutic programme (OTP) is one of the approaches of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), which includes community engagement and mobilization for outpatient management of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children 6–59 months with good appetite, by providing them by home-based treatment as Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) and routine medical treatment. Around 85-90% of children with SAM are successfully treated at home in OTP, by attending regular intervals until they recover. OTP is currently used to achieve rapid recovery from SAM, it provides services of SAM management closer to the community at primary health care centers, where uncomplicated SAM children receive different amount of RUTF as Plumpy'Nut sachets according to their body weight.
Propagation Speed of the Frontal Head Through Lock-Exchange Density Current in Cold Fresh Water: Simulations without the Effect of Back-reflected Waves
Authors: George Alabodite Meipre , Osaisai Evans Fiebibiseighe
Published: October 2022

The behaviour of warm water discharged at 4\(^{\circ}\)C through lock-exchange in cold fresh water was investigated numerically, fixing lock volume at the centre of the domain. This investigation as presented here is practical and can also enhance policy making towards the protection of the aquatic ecosystems. Though, the aim of this study is to better fathom and as well, gain more insight into such ows. Our results have shown a speedy movement of the lock volume at the centre of the domain with a leading head at two front on the oor which resulted in a hat shape within the first few time frame. Fluid movement in the second phase is independent of the back reflected waves. We were able to identify two regimes of ow with a stepwise decreasing velocity in the second phase. Our results have shown that velocity with which the current travels with in the second regime is higher within the first time frame as compared to those with the effect of back reflected waves. One major factor that is responsible for decrease in the velocity here is mixing. Previous results have also shown that the front velocities in the collapsing phase are independent of lock volume. But this seem not to be the same here because fluid movement in the first phase (regime) is not totally independent of the lock volume and its position here, where density difference is as a result of temperature. However, our scaling power laws here in the second phase show some variations with previous studies where we have effect of back reflected waves. But results in the collapsing phase here are in strong agreement with those in the first phase of our previous simulations with small lock volume. Generally, the spreading behaviour here is dependent on lock volume, barrier position, density difference and Reynolds number.
Comparing Trial and Real-world Adjuvant Oxaliplatin Delivery in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer Using a Longitudinal Cumulative Dose
Authors: Webster-Clark Michael , Keil Alexander P. , Robert Nicholas , Frytak Jennifer R. , Boyd Marley , Stürmer Til , Sanoff Hanna , Westreich Daniel , Lund Jennifer L.
Published: October 2022

Importance

Delivery of adjuvant chemotherapy can differ substantially between trial and real-world populations. Adherence metrics like relative dose intensity (RDI) cannot capture the timing of modifications and mask differences in the total amount of chemotherapy received.

Objective

To compare oxaliplatin delivery between MOSAIC trial participants and patients treated in the US Oncology Network with stage III colon cancer using a longitudinal cumulative dose (LCD).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used secondary data from the MOSAIC trial, an international randomized clinical trial (concluded in 2004), and electronic health records from US Oncology (2009-2018), a network of community oncology practices in the US. It included participants in MOSAIC with stage III colon cancer who were randomized to receive treatment with oxaliplatin and fluorouracil/leucovorin (n = 663) and US Oncology patients with stage III colon cancer who were treated with a modified FOLFOX-6 regimen (n = 2523).

Exposures

Oxaliplatin and fluorouracil/leucovorin.

Outcomes and Measures

We evaluated RDI and LCD over time and at the end of treatment in the MOSAIC and US Oncology populations. We used bootstrapping to estimate 95% confidence bands for LCD differences between the populations.

Results

The 663 MOSAIC participants (296 women [44.7%]) and 2523 US Oncology patients (1245 women [49.4%]) were generally similar with respect to demographic characteristics. Median RDI was lower in US Oncology (80% in MOSAIC vs 70% in US Oncology). The LCD also suggested differences in the total amount of oxaliplatin received between populations; the final median LCD in US Oncology was 10.2% lower than in MOSAIC, equivalent to receiving 1.2 fewer treatment cycles less of oxaliplatin. This difference only began 133 days into treatment and persisted after accounting for covariates, likely in terms of more frequent oxaliplatin treatment discontinuation in US Oncology patients than their MOSAIC counterparts.

Conclusions and Relevance

The study results suggest that real-world patients in community practice in the US treated with modified FOLFOX 6 received less oxaliplatin than their historical counterparts in the MOSAIC trial, with differences manifesting late in the treatment course. The LCD allowed us to identify the amount and extent of these differences, the timing of which was unclear when using RDI alone.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT00275210
Association of Optical Coherence Tomography–Measured Fibrovascular Ridge Thickness and Clinical Disease Stage in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Nguyen Thanh-Tin P. , Ni Shuibin , Ostmo Susan , Rajagopalan Archeta , Coyner Aaron S. , Woodward Mani , Chiang Michael F. , Jia Yali , Huang David , Campbell J. Peter , Jian Yifan
Published: October 2022

Importance

Accurate diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is essential to provide timely treatment and reduce the risk of blindness. However, the components of an ROP examination are subjective and qualitative.

Objective

To evaluate whether optical coherence tomography (OCT)–derived retinal thickness measurements at the vascular-avascular junction are associated with clinical diagnosis of ROP stage.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional longitudinal study compared OCT-based ridge thickness calculated from OCT B-scans by a masked examiner to the clinical diagnosis of 2 masked examiners using both traditional stage classifications and a more granular continuous scale at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) Hospital. Infants who met ROP screening criteria in the OHSU NICU between June 2021 and April 2022 and had guardian consent were included. One OCT volume and en face image per patient per eye showing at least 1 to 2 clock hours of ridge were included in the final analysis.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Comparison of OCT-derived ridge thickness to the clinical diagnosis of ROP stage using an ordinal and continuous scale. Repeatability was assessed using 20 repeated examinations from the same visit and compared using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV). Comparison of ridge thickness with ordinal categories was performed using generalized estimating equations and with continuous stage using Spearman correlation.

Results

A total of 128 separate OCT eye examinations from 50 eyes of 25 patients were analyzed. The ICC was 0.87 with a CV of 7.0%. Higher ordinal disease classification was associated with higher axial ridge thickness on OCT, with mean (SD) thickness measurements of 264.2 (11.2) μm (P < .001), 334.2 (11.4) μm (P < .001), and 495.0 (32.2) μm (P < .001) for stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively and with continuous stage labels (ρ = 0.739, P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

These results suggest that OCT-based quantification of peripheral stage in ROP may be an objective and quantitative biomarker that may be useful for clinical diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring and may have implications for disease classification in the future.
Livestock production land and conservation areas play a complementary role in the conservation of a critically endangered grassland bird
Authors: Nugent Daniel T. , Baker‐Gabb David J. , Antos Mark , Collins Luke , Green Peter , Morgan John W.
Published: October 2022

In many parts of the world, livestock production and biodiversity conservation are important land uses of native grasslands in agricultural landscapes. Approaches to managing grasslands typically differ between production farms and conservation areas as they have different goals. Such differences may have consequent effects on the spatial and temporal habitat suitability for grassland fauna. In semi‐arid grasslands of south‐eastern Australia, the critically endangered Plains‐wanderer (Pedionomus torquatus) is a grassland habitat‐specialist bird that can occur on land managed for livestock production and conservation, but it is unclear if, and when, habitat suitability is affected in each land‐use type.

Here, we investigate how land‐use type (livestock production, conservation) and rainfall (preceding accumulated rainfall) affect habitat suitability for the Plains‐wanderer using 11 years of bird occurrence and remotely sensed habitat structure data.

We found habitat suitability for the Plains‐wanderer was driven by an interaction between land use and rainfall, with conservation areas supporting larger areas of preferred habitat structure during dry periods but less during wet periods. By contrast, Plains‐wanderers were more likely to occur on livestock production farms during wet periods. We speculate this is because higher grazing pressure on livestock production farms was able to limit biomass accumulation and, hence, maintain more areas of preferred habitat structure.

Our findings show that land used for livestock production can complement conservation areas by providing preferred habitat for the Plains‐wanderer during climatic periods that promote grass growth. Furthermore, we highlight that land use and climate are important temporal drivers of grassland dynamics, and approaches to biodiversity conservation should consider how patterns of habitat suitability may shift across landscapes over time. Strategic, landscape‐scale planning and effective agri‐environmental initiatives will be critical to the future of grassland birds such as the Plains‐wanderer.
Artificial Defects in 316L Stainless Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Printability, Microstructure, and Effects on the Very‐High‐Cycle Fatigue Behavior
Authors: Voloskov Boris , Mishurova Tatiana , Evlashin Stanislav , Akhatov Iskander , Bruno Giovanni , Sergeichev Ivan
Published: October 2022

The printability of artificial defects inside the additively manufactured laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) 316L stainless steel is investigated. The printing parameters of the LPBF process are optimized to produce artificial defects with reproducible sizes at desired positions while minimizing redundant porosity. The smallest obtained artificial defect is 90 μm in diameter. The accuracy of the geometry of the printed defect depends on both the height and the diameter in the input model. The effect of artificial defects on the very‐high‐cycle fatigue (VHCF) behavior of LPBF 316L stainless steel is also studied. The specimens printed with artificial defects in the center are tested under VHCF using an ultrasonic machine. Crack initiation is accompanied by the formation of a fine granular area (FGA), typical of VHCF. Despite the presence of relatively large artificial defects, FGA formation is observed around accidental natural printing defects closer to the surface, which can still be considered as internal. The causes for this occurrence are discussed.
Processing Vat Polymerized Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Scaffolds of Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Hoel Cathleen A. , Peterson Sara K. , Rose Rachel , Telfeyan Eric , Boyd Linda A. , Her Jae-Hyuk , Erno Daniel J. , Bhushan Chitresh , Martinez Jessica S. , Davis Brian M. , Duclos Steven , Parthasarathy Gautam
Published: October 2022

Vat polymerization of ceramic slurries offers a means for producing triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures, which are candidates for artificial trabecular bone replacement therapy. However, structures with relevant pore sizes below 500 μm and porosities above 80% push the limits of current ceramic additive manufacturing capabilities. Herein, printing and postprocessing of TPMS structures with features relevant to bone, specifically, pore sizes from 400 to 1,265 μm, porosities over 75%, and wall thicknesses below 200 μm are addressed. The resolution of several key fundamental challenges includes: (a) adhesion to the build plate by starting the first layer with the highest surface area slice, (b) cleaning complex designs with two centrifugation cycles consistently removing 100% of residual slurry, (c) elimination of contamination from heating elements by sintering hydroxyapatite in a tube furnace, and (d) determining differences in firing shrinkage between designs to allow for targeting specified sintered dimensions. The outcome of this work enables the consistent fabrication of hydroxyapatite TPMS scaffolds (gyroid, trifurcating, clover) with high agreement between the computer‐aided design (CAD), printed, and fired designs in 5 mm cubes and cylinder with 8 mm diameter and 20 mm length.
Bandgap Modulation and Lipid Intercalation Generates Ultrabright D–A–D‐Based Zwitterionic Small‐Molecule Nanoagent for Precise NIR‐II Excitation Phototheranostic Applications
Authors: Chen Pengfei , Qu Fan , Chen Shangyu , Li Jiewei , Shen Qingming , Sun Pengfei , Fan Quli
Published: October 2022

Conjugated small‐molecule (CSM) phototheranostic agents that operate in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) region have garnered significant attention in the field of biomedicine. However, a lack of fluorescence‐emitting ability hinders their use in precise fluorescence imaging (FI)‐guided photothermal therapy (PTT). Herein, a two‐pronged fluorescence intensification strategy—molecular engineering for rational bandgap modulation and lipid‐intercalation to combat fluorescence quenching—is used to develop NIR‐II‐excited ultrabright donor–acceptor–donor‐based (D–A–D)‐based zwitterionic CSM nanoagent for tumor phototheranostics. The molecular engineering strategy produces the NIR‐II‐excited D–A–D‐based zwitterionic fluorophore (BTFQ) that exhibits a high NIR‐II fluorescence quantum yield (QY = 0.65%) in dichloromethane. More importantly, BTFQ complexed with liposome (DMPC) to form the zwitterion–liposome nanoagent (BTFQ/DMPC) shows a negligible loss of QY (0.63%) in aqueous media. Moreover, because BTFQ/DMPC possesses excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE = 30.8%) performance, it can be used to realize efficient in vivo 1064 nm single‐photon high‐resolution NIR‐II FI guided NIR‐II PTT. This study introduces a new avenue for the development of NIR‐II‐excited NIR‐II FI/PTT agents for precise and effective tumor treatment.
Gate Dielectrics Integration for 2D Electronics: Challenges, Advances, and Outlook
Authors: Yang Sijie , Liu Kailang , Xu Yongshan , Liu Lixin , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou
Published: October 2022

2D semiconductors have emerged both as an ideal platform for fundamental studies and as promising channel materials in beyond‐silicon field‐effect‐transistors due to their outstanding electrical properties and exceptional tunability via external field. However, the lack of proper dielectrics for 2D semiconductors has become a major roadblock for their further development toward practical applications. The prominent issues between conventional 3D dielectrics and 2D semiconductors arise from the integration and interface quality, where defect states and imperfections lead to dramatic deterioration of device performance. In this review article, the root causes of such issues are briefly analyzed and recent advances on some possible solutions, including various approaches of adapting conventional dielectrics to 2D semiconductors, and the development of novel dielectrics with van der Waals surface toward high‐performance 2D electronics are summarized. Then, in the perspective, the requirements of ideal dielectrics for state‐of‐the‐art 2D devices are outlined and an outlook for their future development is provided.
Infrared Gasochromic Devices Based on Metal Thin Films
Authors: Cheng Baizhang , Liu Dongqing , Jia Yan , Cheng Haifeng
Published: October 2022

Variable infrared emissive materials and devices are effective for the dynamic modulation of infrared radiation. Herein, a new idea of dynamic emissivity modulation based on the hydrogen‐induced metal–insulator phase transition from metallic yttrium (or yttrium dihydride) to dielectric yttrium trihydride is proposed, and infrared gasochromic devices based on yttrium/rhodium metal thin films and infrared‐transparent covers are developed. By alternately injecting 4% hydrogen–argon gas mixture and air into the gasochromic device, the infrared emissivity of the device is dynamically modulated reversibly. The emissivity changes in the 340‐nm‐yttrium/6‐nm‐rhodium device are 0.25 and 0.39 in the 3–5 and 7.5–14 µm atmospheric window regions, respectively, and the response time is <40 s. The emissivity change is affected by the surface morphology and thickness of the yttrium/rhodium film. Moreover, the infrared gasochromic device operates effectively over 100 cycles, and subsequent failure is attributed to oxidation of the yttrium film. The proposed device is easily enlarged and patterned because of its simple structure, thereby indicating that such metal thin films provide a new material platform for dynamic infrared radiation modulation, which has great application prospects in the fields of adaptive thermal camouflage, smart thermal management, and infrared information display.
Efficient Daytime Radiative Cooling Cover Sheet with Dual‐Modal Optical Properties
Authors: Son Soomin , Lee Tae Yoon , Chae Dongwoo , Lim Hangyu , Ha Jisung , Kim Young Keun , Lee Heon
Published: October 2022

Daytime radiative cooling is an eco‐friendly cooling technique that does not consume additional fuel and is a promising technology now being developed using various materials and methods. Existing radiative cooling emitters are typically in the form of multilayered or mixed thin films and photonic structures, which are difficult to apply in industrial fields. Moreover, the complicated processes and materials used increase the cost. Herein, a dual‐modal radiative cooling emitter in the form of a cover sheet developed by electrospinning polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with alumina (Al2O3) and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles is reported; it is an easily accessible and highly practical architecture that can be applied and used in daily life. Additionally, this radiative cooling cover sheet exhibits dual selective‐ and broadband‐like optical properties in the IR region depending on the substrate characteristics for efficient cooling. The cooling power is numerically proven to be 89.51 W m−2, and experimentally, a temperature drop of 9.67 °C could be measured on a daily car model.
Reclaiming Neglected Compounds as Promising Solid State Electrolytes by Predicting Electrochemical Stability Window with Dynamically Determined Decomposition Pathway
Authors: Lin Shen , Lin Yuxiao , He Bing , Pu Bowei , Ren Yuan , Wang Guoxin , Luo Yaqiao , Shi Siqi
Published: October 2022

The accurate prediction of the electrochemical stability windows (ESWs) enables the rational design of solid state electrolytes (SSEs). Currently, the ESW prediction is based on direct and indirect decomposition analysis methods (DDAM and IDAM). However, DDAM/IDAM can only involve thermodynamically/kinetically favorable decomposition pathway, both resulting in the large deviation between the predicted ESW and the experimental one. Specifically, certain excellent candidate SSEs may be continuously neglected in the high‐throughput screening due to underpredicted ESWs. Herein, a high‐accuracy ESW prediction method is proposed enabling dynamical determination of the appropriate decomposition pathway by analyzing the electronic conductivities of all direct and indirect decomposition products. Following this, a high‐throughput computation is performed on the ESWs of 328 possible fast Li‐ion conductors with low ionic migration energy barriers from the previous research, obtaining good agreement with the available experimental results (Li10GeP2S12 and Li7La3Zr2O12). Furthermore, six previously neglected fluorides exhibiting ESWs over 4 V, oxidation potentials exceeding 6 V, excellent phase stability, and interfacial compatibility with seven typical cathodes are reclaimed as promising SSEs. This work demonstrates a strategy to accelerate the SSE development by improving the accuracy of the ESW prediction and enlarging the database of promising SSEs.
Perioperative optimization of Crohn's disease
Authors: Lin Chun‐Chi , Lin Hung‐Hsin , Chen Hui‐Chuen , Chen Nai‐Chia , Shih I‐Lun , Hung Ji‐Shiang , Yueh Te‐Cheng , Chiang Feng‐Fan , Lin Ping‐Wei , Tsai Yuan‐Yao , Wei Shu‐Chen
Published: October 2022

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract. With the increased availability of modalities in the last two decades, the treatment of CD has advanced remarkably. Although medical treatment is the mainstay of therapy, most patients require surgery during the course of their illness, especially those who experience complications. Nutritional optimization and ERAS implementation are crucial for patients with CD who require surgical intervention to reduce postoperative complications. The increased surgical risk was found to be associated with the use of corticosteroids, but the association of surgical risk with immunomodulators, biologic therapy, such as anti‐TNF mediations, anti‐integrin medications, and anti‐IL 12/23 was low in certainty. Decisions about preoperative medication must be made on an individual case‐dependent basis. Preoperative imaging studies can assist in the planning of appropriate surgical strategies and approaches. However, patients must be informed of any alterations to their treatment. In summary, the management of perioperative medications and surgery‐related decision‐making should be individualized and patient‐centered based on a multidisciplinary approach.
Neuromorphic Metamaterials for Mechanosensing and Perceptual Associative Learning
Authors: Riley Katherine S. , Koner Subhadeep , Osorio Juan C. , Yu Yongchao , Morgan Harith , Udani Janav P. , Sarles Stephen A. , Arrieta Andres F.
Published: October 2022

Physical systems exhibiting neuromechanical functions promise to enable structures with directly encoded autonomy and intelligence. A neuromorphic metamaterials class embodying bioinspired mechanosensing, memory, and learning functionalities obtained by leveraging mechanical instabilities integrated with memristive materials is reported. The prototype system comprises a multistable metamaterial whose bistable dome‐shaped units collectively filter, amplify, and transduce external mechanical inputs over large areas into simple electrical signals using embedded piezoresistive sensors. Dome deformations in nonvolatile memristors triggered by the transduced signals, providing a means to store loading events in measurable material states are recorded. Sequentially applied mechanical inputs result in accumulated memristance changes that allow us to physically encode a Hopfield network into the neuromorphic metamaterials. This physical network learns the history of spatially distributed input patterns. Crucially, the neuromorphic metamaterials can retrieve the learned patterns from the memristors’ final accumulated state. Therefore, the system exhibits the ability to learn without supervised training and retain spatially distributed inputs with minimal external overhead. The system's embodied mechanosensing, memory, and learning capabilities establish an avenue for synthetic neuromorphic metamaterials that learn via tactile interactions. This capability suggests new types of large‐area smart surfaces for robotics, autonomous systems, wearables, and morphing structures subjected to spatiotemporal mechanical loading.