bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Magnetic Field Morphologies in Three Serpens Protostellar Cores with ALMA
Authors: Le Gouellec Valentin J. M. , Hull Charles L. H. , Maury Anaëlle J. , Girart Josep M. , Tychoniec Łukasz , Kristensen Lars E. , Li Zhi-Yun , Louvet Fabien , Cortes Paulo C. , Rao Ramprasad
Published: November 2019

With the aim of characterizing the dynamical processes involved in the formation of young protostars, we present high-angular-resolution ALMA dust polarization observations of the Class 0 protostellar cores Serpens SMM1, Emb 8(N), and Emb 8. With spatial resolutions ranging from 150 to 40 au at 870 μm, we find unexpectedly high values of the polarization fraction along the outflow cavity walls in Serpens Emb 8(N). We use 3 mm and 1 mm molecular tracers to investigate outflow and dense-gas properties and their correlation with the polarization. These observations allow us to investigate the physical processes involved in the radiative alignment torques (RATs) acting on dust grains along the outflow cavity walls, which experience irradiation from accretion processes and outflow shocks. The inner core of SMM1-a presents a polarization pattern with a poloidal magnetic field at the bases of the two lobes of the bipolar outflow. To the south of SMM1-a we see two polarized filaments, one of which seems to trace the redshifted outflow cavity wall. The other may be an accretion streamer of material infalling onto the central protostar. We propose that the polarized emission we see at millimeter wavelengths along the irradiated cavity walls can be reconciled with the expectations of RAT theory if the aligned grains present at <500 au scales in Class 0 envelopes have grown larger than the 0.1 μm size of dust grains in the interstellar medium. Our observations allow us to constrain the magnetic field morphologies of star-forming sources within the central cores, along the outflow cavity walls, and in possible accretion streamers.
Possible Contribution of Magnetized White Dwarf Binaries to Type Ia Supernova Populations
Authors: Ablimit Iminhaji , Maeda Keiichi
Published: November 2019

The evolution of an accreting white dwarf (WD) with a strong magnetic field toward a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) may differ from the classical single-degenerate (SD) channel. In this paper, we perform binary population synthesis simulations for the SD channel with a main-sequence (MS) companion, including the strongly magnetized WD accretion. Under a reasonable assumption that the fraction of such systems is ∼15%, the resulting delay-time distribution roughly follows the t
−1 power-law distribution. Within the (WD/MS) SD channel, the contribution from the highly magnetized WD is estimated to be comparable to that from the classical, non-magnetized WD channel. The contribution of the SD channel toward SNe Ia can be at least ∼30% among the whole SN Ia population. We suggest that the SNe Ia resulting from the highly magnetized WD systems would not share the observational properties expected for the classical SD channel; for every (potentially peculiar) SN observationally associated with the SD channel, we expect a comparable number of the “hidden” SD population to be in the normal class.
Quantification of mantle attachment scars on the Margaritifera margaritifera (Margaritiferidae, Bivalvia) shell
Authors: Zotin A. A. , Ieshko E. P.
Published: November 2019

A characteristic feature shared by all Margaritiferidae mussels consists in the presence of scars on the internal surface of their shells. These scars mark places of mantle attachment by specific epithelial cells. According to some authors, such parameters of mantle attachment scars as the density and degree of their manifestation can be used for the purposes of species identification. To this end, quality indicators (numerous or few, pronounced or poorly visible scars) are typically used; however, the use of quantitative criteria is preferable. This work was aimed at developing quantitative indicators of mantle attachment scars in the Margaritifera margaritifera freshwater pearl mussels for the populations of the Syuskyuyanyoki and Livoyoki rivers (Karelia). It is shown that the density and size of mantle attachment scars are approximately the same for all the investigated shell samples. These parameters display the absence of dependence on the age and size of molluscs. The regression coefficients for the linear dependence of the density or size of mantle attachment scars on the age or length of the shell show no significant difference from 0. For all the investigated molluscs, the density and size of mantle attachment scars are established to vary within the range of 0.37–1.16 scars/cm2 (0.71 ± 0.03 scars/cm2 on average) and 215–690 µm (417 ± 2 µm on average), respectively. According to a two-factor analysis of variance, the distribution of mantle attachment scars appears to be irregular across the shell surface. At the same time, a significant (p < 0.001) increase in their density is observed in the posterior and ventral directions, as well as diagonally in the posterior ventral direction. Issues associated with the application of the investigated parameters for the purposes of mollusc species identification are discussed.
Food habits and endozoochorous seed dispersal by small rodents (Cricetidae and Echimyidae) in a riparian forest in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Lessa Leonardo G. , Paula Camilla S. , Pessoa Rafael S.
Published: November 2019

We analyzed the feeding habits and the endozoochoric seed dispersal of six species of Neotropical small rodents in a riparian forest in the Cerrado biome at the central portion of Espinhaço Mountain Range, Brazil. The species presented a miscellaneous diet consuming arthropod, especially Hymenoptera (ants) and Isoptera (termites), fruits of pioneer species and vegetative parts of plants (stems and leaves). The high frequency of arthropods in the diet of all species studied reinforces its importance as a food resource for small Neotropical rodents, especially in environments with a marked seasonality, such as in the Cerrado. The number of intact seeds after gut passage and the higher germinability of the ingested seeds, compared to the control group, indicates that the studied rodents acted mainly as dispersers and not as predators of small seeds (≤ 1 mm) of pioneer species (Melastomataceae and Rubiaceae).
« Pas envie d’être enterré vivant ! »
Authors: Rosselin-Bareille Céline
Published: November 2019

Que se passe-t-il lorsqu’un scaphandrier travaux publics, formé à travailler dans l’eau, doit ponctuellement intervenir sous terre et se retrouve ainsi à travailler en milieu étranger doté d’un équipement pourtant familier ? À partir d’une approche sensorielle qui tient compte des relations entre sujet, objets matériels et environnement, l’enquête explore les limites socialement acceptables de l’hostilité en s’appuyant sur cette inexpérience de la terre et sur l’émergence d’un « sens du souterrain ».
Naissance abîmée : entre mise au monde et mise à mort
Authors: Bonnichon Delphine
Published: November 2019

L’article interroge les résonances interfantasmatiques dans le lien mère-enfant induites par une maladie incurable chez le bébé et leur infiltration dans le lien famille-soignants. Dans le cadre d’une recherche clinique, l’auteur retrace les étapes traversées avec une mère dont l’enfant est malade. Les soins butent sur une pré-ambivalence favorisant une prégnance des fantasmes sadiques et meurtriers dans le lien primaire. Ces affects et fantasmes se retrouvent du côté des soignants, colorant le lien aux familles accompagnées. Identifier ces enjeux intersubjectifs, comprendre ce que sollicitent la maladie de l’enfant et les soins engagés semble indispensable pour s’ajuster aux besoins de l’enfant, du groupe-famille et du groupe soignant dans leurs intrications.
La peur du corps dans les textes sur le théâtre des zanni aux XVI e et XVII e siècles
Authors: Decroisette Françoise
Published: November 2019

Au milieu du XVI e  siècle apparaît en Italie une dramaturgie centrée non sur le texte mais sur les corps agissants en scène, celle dite ‘de l’acteur’, appelée plus tard Commedia dell’arte . Elle bouleverse la pratique théâtrale en profondeur, suscitant l’enthousiasme ou la peur. On l’aborde ici du point de vue de la perception des corps par les spectateurs, en s’appuyant sur les traces iconographiques et littéraires qui constituent la mémoire individuelle ou collective, directe ou indirecte, de cette nouvelle pratique scénique.
« Sur la superficie de notre cœur » : de la condamnation du théâtre à une science théâtrale de l’homme (1694-1719)
Authors: Connors Logan J.
Published: November 2019

Cet article interroge l’expérience théâtrale vécue par le spectateur, telle qu’elle est présentée dans plusieurs discours contre le théâtre. Il examine ensuite le changement radical opéré sur cette question par Jean-Baptiste Dubos, théoricien de l’art et diplomate sous trois régimes politiques différents. La conclusion s’efforce de rattacher la question « comment fonctionnent les émotions théâtrales ? » à la construction stratégique, sociale et politique des émotions.
La théâtrophobie et la « nouvelle philosophie » moderne : le cas de Jean Terrasson
Authors: Norman Larry
Published: November 2019

Jean Terrasson, partisan des Modernes lors de la Querelle d’Homère (1711-1717), mène une attaque féroce contre la tragédie antique. Cette dénonciation moralisante ne se cantonne pas à la Grèce mais s’étend au théâtre moderne. Cette critique prétendument philosophique rejoint souvent le vieil argumentaire théologique contre le théâtre. L’article situe Terrasson dans le développement d’une critique qui, de Perrault à Rousseau, met en cause toute démarcation stricte entre le religieux et le profane.
La question d’autrui à l’épreuve de la philosophie et du soin. Qui est autrui ? Qui suis-je pour autrui ? Quelle rencontre possible ?
Authors: Svandra Philippe
Published: November 2019

Le concept d’autrui, central en philosophie, intéresse au plus haut point le soin. Forme active de souci pour autrui, la relation soignante représente une forme particulière de rencontre avec l’autre dans son irréductible singularité. Que peut alors nous dire la philosophie sur cette question, et surtout quel éclairage peut-on en tirer pour la pratique soignante au quotidien ? Qui est autrui ? Qui suis-je pour autrui ? Quelle rencontre possible ? Ces trois questions constitueront donc le fil conducteur de cet article
Analyse de la fidélité d’un instrument d’évaluation de la complexité multidimensionnelle (COMID) pour les infirmières à domicile
Authors: Vallet Fanny , Busnel Catherine , Ludwig Catherine
Published: November 2019

Introduction : l’évocation de plus en plus fréquente de la complexité par différents acteurs de santé interroge sur la mesure de ce construit. Le COMID fournit une définition multidimensionnelle et opérationnelle de la complexité et aide les infirmières à domicile au repérage et à l’analyse des situations complexes. Contexte : une étude d’acceptabilité a montré un intérêt marqué pour le COMID de la part des infirmières, cependant ses propriétés psychométriques n’ont pas encore été examinées. Objectif : cet article présente deux études testant la fidélité de l’échelle. Méthode : la première étude porte sur 5401 COMID complétés par des infirmières à domicile dans leur pratique usuelle. La consistance interne a été estimée à l’aide d’un alpha de Cronbach. La seconde étude porte sur 38 COMID, complétés par des infirmières à domicile (juges 1) et des infirmières spécialisées (juges 2). L’accord inter-juges a été examiné par un coefficient de corrélation intra-classe (CCI). Résultats : le COMID possède une consistance interne acceptable α=0.797 et un accord inter-juges excellent CCI=0.839. Discussion : les propriétés métrologiques du COMID mériteront d’être complétées par une analyse de sa validité pour le repérage de la complexité dans les soins infirmiers à domicile. Conclusion : le COMID possède une bonne précision de mesure.
Equestrian and biomechanical perspectives on laterality in the horse
Authors: Byström A. , Clayton H.M. , Hernlund E. , Rhodin M. , Egenvall A.
Published: November 2019

It has been suggested that one of the underlying causes of asymmetrical performance and left/right bias in sound riding horses is laterality originating in the cerebral cortices described in many species. The aim of this paper is to review the published evidence for inherent biomechanical laterality in horses deemed to be clinically sound and relate these findings to descriptions of sidedness in equestrian texts. There are no established criteria to determine if a horse is left or right dominant but the preferred limb has been defined as the forelimb that is more frequently protracted during stance and when grazing. Findings on left-right differences in forelimb hoof shape and front hoof angles have been linked to asymmetric forelimb ground reaction forces. Asymmetries interpreted as motor laterality have been found among foals and unhandled youngsters, and the consistency or extent of asymmetries seems to increase with age. Expressions of laterality also vary with breed, sex, training and handling, stress, and body shape but there are no studies of the possible link between laterality and lameness. In a recent study of a group of seven dressage horses, a movement pattern in many ways similar to descriptions of sidedness in the equestrian literature, e.g. one hind limb being more protracted and placed more laterally than the other, has been documented. The role of innate laterality versus painful conditions, training, human handedness and simply habit remains to be determined. Understanding the biomechanical manifestations of laterality in healthy horses, including individual variation, would yield a potential basis for how laterality should be taken into account in relation to training/riding and rehabilitation of lameness.
The incidence of, and relationship between, distal limb and facial asymmetry, and performance in the event horse
Authors: Leśniak K.
Published: November 2019

Identification of influential conformational traits is an important aspect in choosing the most appropriate horse for a specific discipline with regards to both performance potential and career longevity. Symmetry of bilateral traits, both functional and non-functional, demonstrates the ability of an individual to display their genotypic quality through their phenotype. External trait symmetry has been linked to effective functioning and health of a number of internal organ systems. The identification of a relationship between bilateral trait symmetry and performance in the equine athlete could highlight important conformational indicators of potential future performance. Using Invicta metric callipers and a tape measure, direct measurements of 15 bilateral traits, functional (limb) and non-functional (facial), were obtained from 18 advanced event horses (AdE) and 15 event horses proven incapable of reaching advanced level (NIE). Tests of difference were performed to determine differences in asymmetry between the two populations for individual traits and for identification of the mean total asymmetry (MTA) of the two populations. The AdE group demonstrated statistically lower asymmetry for a number of functional (metacarpal length and width, P≤0.05; fore proximal phalanx length, P≤0.05) and non-functional (nostril length, P≤0.001; pinna length, P≤0.05) traits. Furthermore, the AdE group demonstrated significantly lower MTA (P≤0.001) than the NIE. Where significance was not identified, all but one functional trait still demonstrated a trend for lower asymmetry in the AdE group. From the results, it is suggested that asymmetry levels have future potential to be used as an indicator of performance potential. The size of the mean asymmetry values being considered, further imply that the differences between the performance of the two groups cannot be as a result of limb biomechanics alone and that other more intricate biological disruptions, for example neurological development, may also be reflected by the trait asymmetries.
Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Mice and Humans: Towards a Quantitative Ecology
Authors: Morris Sinead E. , Farber Donna L. , Yates Andrew J.
Published: November 2019

In recent years, tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) have emerged as essential components of immunological memory. Following antigenic challenge, TRM remain in nonlymphoid tissues and defend against re-exposure. Although accumulating evidence suggests important roles for TRM in mediating protective immunity, fundamental aspects of the population biology of TRM remain poorly understood. In this article, we discuss how results from different systems shed light on the ecological dynamics of TRM in mice and humans. We highlight the importance of dissecting processes contributing to TRM maintenance, and how these might vary across phenotypically and spatially heterogeneous subsets. We also discuss how the diversity of TRM communities within specific tissues may evolve under competition and in response to antigenic perturbation. Throughout, we illustrate how mathematical models can clarify inferences obtained from experimental data and help elucidate the homeostatic mechanisms underpinning the ecology of TRM populations.
Contribution of public squares to the reduction of urban flooding risk
Authors: Sousa Nílberte Muniz de , Soares Willames De Albuquerque , Silva Simone Rosa da , Nascimento Elivelthon Carlos do
Published: November 2019

Urbanization is directly linked to the process of impermeabilization of the soil in urban areas that contributes to the emergence of flood risks. The purpose of this study was to determine the hydrodynamic properties of the public squares in a flood-prone Brazilian city and determine to what extent they could contribute to the reduction of flooding. The Beerkan method was used to determine the hydrodynamic properties of the soil in nine squares located at critical flooding points in the city of Recife. This method uses simple ring infiltration and the collection of soil samples to obtain the soil granulometric distribution, thereby generating the soil water retention curve θ(h) and the hydraulic conductivity K(θ). The squares studied have similar hydrodynamic characteristics because of their similar soil texture classes, such as Loamy Sand and Sandy Loam. This made it possible for eight of the nine squares studied to be able to contribute positively to the reduction of flood risks by adapting them into micro infiltration basins that can receive the surface flows that overload the drainage network.
Foreign Language Learning In Knowledge Forums: using a knowledge-building forum in an EFL classroom
Authors: Manegre Marni , Gutiérrez-Colón Mar , Gisbert Mercè
Published: November 2019

This paper presents the first phase of a study conducted to analyze Knowledge Building forums for evidence of second language acquisition. This study is an analysis of the posts within an existing forum in search of evidence of foreign language learning. The analysis found that the collaborative writing project shows evidence that the students passed through the stages of construction of knowledge within their foreign language classroom, however factors, such as confounding variables, inconsistencies in error types, and the small number of posts by the participants made it challenging to determine whether there is evidence of language acquisition for each student. The forum posts show evidence of knowledge acquisition, but further investigation is required to determine whether collaborative writing in knowledge forums is effective for foreign language acquisition.
The influence of Biodanza and School of Empathy verbal – respectful communication on the ability to express emotions and needs: a pilot study among adults in Indonesia
Authors: Stueck Marcus , Kaloeti Dian , Villegas Alejandra , Utami Dian
Published: November 2019

Background

Cultural aspects play a dominant role in a certain country related to emotional expressions, particularly in Indo-nesia. Biodanza and School of Empathy have been developing and are recognized as an alternative psycho-logical intervention in fostering the ability to express feelings, generate positive emotions and alleviate negative one. The aim of this study is to explore the implementation of Biodanza (nonverbal part) and School of Empa-thy (SoE) verbal part in expressing emotions and needs among adults in Indonesia.

Participants and procedure

This study in Indonesia consisted of 2 groups. Group 1 was conducted through Biodanza with 17 participants and group 2 was the SoE verbal part with 17 participants (N = 34). All participants in both studies were collected randomly through online advertisements. We administered both closed and open-ended questionnaires to as-certain the current feeling as well as the ability to express emotions and needs before and after the interven-tions in groups 1 and 2.

Results

We found different themes between group 1 and group 2. Participants who received the Biodanza showed a significantly increasing score of ability to express emotions, while the ability to express needs is not increased significantly. Furthermore, SoE indicated no significant difference in their ability to express their emotions and needs between the pre-test and post-test score.

Conclusions

For the samples of the Indonesian population in implementing Biodanza and SoE verbal part, the cultural as-pect plays a very significant role in discussing these findings. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that Biodanza has the potential to be a practical approach to assisting individuals in deriving positive benefits for their emotional well-being. The evaluation of SoE verbal part should be made related to the material, due to cultural barrier findings. Future research is expected to fuse various measurements that were not included in this study.
Safety and efficacy of treatment of very small intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Jamróz Tomasz , Jakutowicz Izabela , Hofman Mariusz , Kołodkiewicz Marta , Ćmiel Maciej , Łapaj Anna , Przybyłko Nikodem , Bażowski Piotr , Baron Jan
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Very small intracranial aneurysms (VSIAs) may cause many neurological complications and even death. Thanks to technological progress and higher quality of non-invasive neuroimaging methods, these pathologies can be investigated sooner and treated earlier. Due to the controversy surrounding invasive treatment of these pathologies, the aim of the study was to analyse methods of treatment, their outcome, and complications in a group of patients with VSIAs.

Material and methods

Out of 444 cases of intracranial aneurysms treated in our centre, 65 aneurysms met the radiological criteria of VSIAs. The parameters – width and length of the aneurysm’s neck and width, length, and height of the aneurysm’s dome – were measured. The analysed parameters were as follows: symptoms upon admission and after treatment, days in hospital, and intraoperative complications. Clinical and radiological intensity of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) was evaluated by using the Hunt-Hess and Fisher scales. The degree of embolisation of the aneurysm after the procedure was assessed using the Montreal Scale. Clinical outcome was assessed by Glasgow Outcome Scale.

Results

50.77% of VSIAs were treated with endovascular procedures and 49.23% with neurosurgical clipping. SAH was presented in 38.46% of patients with VSIAs. Intraoperative complications were presented in 16.92% of patients with VSIAs, and the most common complication was ischaemic stroke. Stents were used in 51.52% of VSIAs. In 69.70% of embolisation procedures at VSIAs complete obliteration was achieved. The average result in the Montreal Scale was 1.31 (SD = 0.66).

Conclusion

VSIAs can be treated as effectively and safely as larger aneurysms, by both endovascular and surgical me­thods.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the quadriceps fat pad oedema pattern in relation to patellofemoral joint pathologies
Authors: Can Tuba Selçuk , Yilmaz Behice K. , Özdemir Sevim
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Quadriceps fat pad is located posterior to the quadriceps tendon. Increased signal intensity of this fat pad is seen on routine knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, but the exact mechanism and related pathologies are not clear. In this study we aimed to evaluate the relationship between MRI signal intensity and morphological features of quadriceps fat pad, as well as various pathologies of the patellofemoral joint.

Material and methods

Sixty-one knees with quadriceps fat pad oedema out of 457 knee MRI examinations were included. Quadriceps fat pad signal intensity, dimensions, posterior indentation, and various parameters related to patellofemoral joint such as trochlear facet asymmetry, trochlear depth and sulcus angle, and the Insall-Salvati ratio were evaluated.

Results

There was no statistically significant correlation between quadriceps fat pad oedema intensity and its dimensions, but it was significant when compared to posterior indentation. There was no correlation between fat pad oedema and each of the pathologies. However, there was a significant correlation between the presence of fat pad oedema and the presence of at least one of the pathologies related to patellofemoral joint.

Conclusions

Quadriceps fat pad oedema detected in MRI examinations should warn the radiologist against the presence of various pathologies related to the patellofemoral joint.
Portable Calibrator for NO Based on Photolysis of N2O and a Combined NO2/NO/O3 Source for Field Calibrations of Air Pollution Monitors
Authors: Birks John W. , Turnipseed Andrew A. , Andersen Peter C. , Williford Craig J. , Strunk Stanley , Carpenter Brian , Ennis Christine A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. A highly portable calibration source of nitric oxide (NO) based on photolysis of nitrous oxide (N2O) supplied by 8- or 16-g disposable cartridges is demonstrated to serve as an accurate and reliable transfer standard for the calibration of NO monitors in the field. The instrument provides output mixing ratios in the range 0–1,000 ppb with a precision and accuracy of better than the greater of 3 ppb or 3 % of the target NO mixing ratio over a wide range of environmental conditions of ambient temperature (8.5–35.0 °C), pressure (745–1,015 mbar corresponding to 2.7–0.0 km elevation) and relative humidity (0–100 % RH). Combination of the NO calibration source with a previously described ozone calibration source based on photolysis of oxygen in air provides a new instrument capable of outputting calibrated mixing ratios of NO, ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), where the NO2 is produced by the stoichiometric gas-phase reaction of NO with O3. The portable NO2/NO/O3 calibration source requires no external gas cylinders and can be used for calibrations of NO, NO2 and O3 instruments for mixing ratios up to 1,000, 500, and 1,000 ppb, respectively. This portable calibrator may serve as a convenient transfer standard for field calibrations of ozone and NOx air pollution monitors.
Melt at grounding line controls observed and future retreat of Smith, Pope, and Kohler glaciers
Authors: Lilien David A. , Joughin Ian , Smith Benjamin , Gourmelen Noel
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Smith, Pope, and Kohler glaciers and the corresponding Crosson and Dotson
ice shelves have undergone speedup, thinning, and rapid grounding-line
retreat in recent years, leaving them in a state likely conducive to future
retreat. We conducted a suite of numerical model simulations of these
glaciers and compared the results to observations to determine the processes
controlling their recent evolution. The model simulations indicate that the
state of these glaciers in the 1990s was not inherently unstable, i.e., that
small perturbations to the grounding line would not necessarily have caused
the large retreat that has been observed. Instead, sustained, elevated melt
at the grounding line was needed to cause the observed retreat. Weakening of
the margins of Crosson Ice Shelf may have hastened the onset of
grounding-line retreat but is unlikely to have initiated these rapid changes
without an accompanying increase in melt. In the simulations that most
closely match the observed thinning, speedup, and retreat, modeled
grounding-line retreat and ice loss continue unabated throughout the
21st century, and subsequent retreat along Smith Glacier's trough
appears likely. Given the rapid progression of grounding-line retreat in the
model simulations, thinning associated with the retreat of Smith Glacier may
reach the ice divide and undermine a portion of the Thwaites catchment as
quickly as changes initiated at the Thwaites terminus.
La cultura del libro en la Nueva España
Authors: García Idalia
Published: November 2019

Desde finales del siglo XIX, algunos eruditos y bibliófilos (Harrisse, Zarco del Valle, Sancho Rayón y García Icazbalceta) comenzaron a interesarse por los primeros impresos de America producidos entre 1539 y 1600. La capital novohispana fue el lugar donde se instaló la primera prensa tipográfica de todo el continente, justo dieciocho años después de la conquista de Tenochtitlán y la fundación de la capital virreinal. A partir de este momento, el estudio, registro, descripción y puntual recuento de los ejemplares conservados ha generado atención, debate y, sin duda, bastantes pasiones. La consideración de tal producción bibliográfica como “incunables americanos” o simples “impresos mexicanos del siglo XVI”, ha confrontado a varios estudiosos desde principios del siglo XX hasta la fecha como para generar un proyecto digital que proyecta su importancia y conjunta esfuerzos de algunas bibliotecas internacionales.
Las "Doctrinas cristianas" de la Orden de Santo Domingo impresas en México en el siglo XVI, ¿ediciones contrahechas?
Authors: Rodríguez Domínguez Guadalupe
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio, desde la perspectiva de la Bibliografía Material, de cuatro ediciones de la Doctrina cristiana en lengua española y mexicana, de la Orden de Santo Domingo, publicadas en México durante la primera mitad del siglo XVI. La discriminación de dichas ediciones pone de manifiesto la complejidad del panorama editorial durante los primeros años de implementación de la imprenta en tierra continental americana; panorama condicionado por elementos legales, comerciales, de evangelización e hispanización en el territorio recién conquistado, que dan lugar a la elaboración de ediciones contrahechas.
Entre pinceles y cuadros. Los libros del pintor Miguel Cabrera
Authors: Ratto Cristina
Published: November 2019

En mayo de 1768, tras la muerte de Miguel Cabrera se inició el trámite para el inventario y aprecio de sus bienes. Con este fin, se designó a personas conocedoras, vinculadas con la práctica de los oficios, quienes realizaron la valuación. El documento ofrece un amplio panorama que evoca en el ámbito novohispano el tópico el “tópico de la casa del pintor”. Sintomático de ello es que, de la amplia gama de bienes registrados, los libros y los cuadros recibieran una atención especial. A partir del estudio del inventario de su biblioteca –en relación con el resto del documento– es posible discutir algunos aspectos de su modo de pintar, así como proponer en qué medida los libros del pintor pueden contribuir a la interpretación de diversos aspectos de su obra. Más que dilucidar si Miguel Cabrera fue cabalmente un “pictor doctus”, se pone de relieve en qué medida un análisis diferente del conjunto de sus libros contribuye a matizar y redefinir esta etiqueta en el panorama de la pintura novohispana del siglo XVIII. Sobre todo, se plantea que no es la cantidad de libros, ni su simple clasificación temática, lo que convierte a un pintor en un “artista liberal”. En consecuencia, el tema abre paso a nuevas reflexiones.
Armas para las Indias. El problema del suministro de armas y la defensa colonial durante el reinado de Carlos II
Authors: Espino López Antonio
Published: November 2019

En el presente trabajo nos hemos interesado por la problemática de la reposición en las Indias de armas de fuego portátiles, artillería y municiones durante el reinado de Carlos II. Una cuestión que no siempre fue fácil de resolver, ni a la que se le daba salida, a menudo, de un modo eficiente y rápido. Una Monarquía en plena decadencia hubo de ingeniárselas para acompasar los pedidos llegados de Ultramar con los recibidos desde las diversas fronteras europeas y norteafricanas. No fue tarea fácil, pues, a menudo, las discusiones acerca de la remisión de las armas y las municiones necesarias para utilizarlas escapaban al ámbito del Consejo de Indias, de la Junta de Guerra de Indias, y acababan siendo materia de reflexión por parte del Consejo de Guerra (y del de Estado), sobre todo en los años en los que había guerra en Europa. Para poder alcanzar algunas conclusiones, se ha debido analizar, por lo tanto, documentación depositada en el Archivo de Indias (Sevilla), el General de Simancas (Valladolid) e, incluso, el Histórico Nacional de Madrid. Se puede concluir que durante el reinado del último de los Austrias, las dificultades económicas lastraron enormemente el normal y correcto funcionamiento de las fábricas de armas y municiones de la Monarquía que, habitualmente, contrataban sus producciones bajo el sistema de asiento. De ahí que la remisión de armas a América sufriera continuos retrasos, sin contar con la necesidad de que desde los propios virreinatos se contribuyese a la fabricación y reparto de las mismas.
n. 41 - EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA: O CENÁRIO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NO EXTREMO OCIDENTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Silva José Alessandro Cândido da
Published: November 2019

O artigo analisa uma das políticas educacionais para a diversidade, a de Educação Escolar Indígena. O estudo foca em problemas na sua efetivação, permitindo-nos refletir sobre seu desenvolvimento no Acre. Aponta os embates na sua definição, destacando o papel dos agentes envolvidos desde a formulação até a execução nos contextos formais. Toma como base metodológica o Ciclo de Políticas. Das questões resultantes destacamos o fato das propostas e práticas de EEI no Acre terem transformado os direitos educativos indígenas em obrigações de Estado, mas perdendo seu caráter de produção coletiva e autônoma.
An interdisciplinary postdoctoral fellowship model: Opportunities for nurse PhDs
Authors: McCarthy Michaela S. , Stonecipher Jessica-Jean , Gilmartin Heather , El-Hajj Dana , Battaglia Catherine
Published: November 2019

Interdisciplinary postdoctoral fellowships can provide rich opportunities for nurses to receive additional training and develop diverse professional academic and research partnerships. They provide a structure for learning in which team science is emphasized and complex health issues are addressed. This paper presents an interdisciplinary postdoctoral fellowship model and highlights the development of one nurse fellow’s network during the program. The fellowship curriculum is outlined and the three focus areas (education, research, and experience) are further explained. A social network analysis approach was used to illustrate the growth in one nurse fellow’s network during a two-year postdoctoral fellowship. The first year of the fellowship showed an increase in the number of professional connections, while in the second year the relationships deepened as collaborations were established and strengthened.
Chinese Characteristics and International Standards: Study on Evaluation System of Scientific and Technological Innovation Capacity of “Double First-Class” Universities
Authors: Huang Xiaoping , Chen Yang-Zi
Published: November 2019

In the construction of “Double First-Class” universities, how to establish an evaluation system of universities’ scientific and technological innovation capacity with Chinese characteristics and international standards will determine the direction and level of improvement of Chinese university’s technological innovation capacity. The system of scientific and technological innovation in university is a complex system, and the existing evaluation index and evaluation system may be difficult to meet the actual needs of the national construction of “Double First-Class” universities in the new situation, so the evaluation index should be a breakthrough and innovation. This paper probes into the existing problems in the evaluation system of scientific research in China, systematically investigate the common and different features of scientific research evaluation in Britain, America, France and Australia, puts forward the new connotation of the structure dimension of Chinese universities’ scientific and technological innovation capacity, and points out the basic criterion of constructing the evaluation system of university scientific and technological innovation capacity: First, design of indicators should reflect the development trend of the world, and reflect the cultural characteristics and historical background of Chinese universities. Second, it is necessary to according to the “world standard”, reflect the value orientation and practice standard of Chinese university construction. Third, taking differentiated design and establishing a classification evaluation standard. Fourth, the evaluative dimension should reflect the diversification of evaluation content, especially considering to optimize overall scientific research ecology.
Exchange Rate fluctuations and Financial Performance of Banks: Evidence from Sudan
Authors: Abbas Elhussein Nawal Hussein , Elfaki Osman Osama Eltayeb
Published: November 2019

This paper aims at investigating whether fluctuations in the exchange rate affect the financial performance of Sudanese banks and detecting the direction of the causal relationship relation between exchange rate and banks’ performance. The study targets a total population of 37 working banks in Sudan and covers the period 2002-2017. The sample comprises of the total set of the population. The paper depends mainly on secondary data, which is collected from consolidated financial reports of commercial banks and other official publications and documents. To test the hypotheses and accuracy and validity of models and data, a set of methods of data analysis are employed, namely, Ordinary Least Squared (OLS), Generalized Least Squares (GLS), Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and a number of Diagnostic Tests. The study documents that foreign exchange rate fluctuations, contrary to empirical research findings, have a weak negative effect on Sudanese banks’ financial performance. This may be attributed to the tight economic embargo against Sudan during the period of this study, which isolates the country from the international financial system and adversely affects its ability to engage in cross border activities. Consequently, the banking sector in Sudan is insulated from the effect of international currency movements and its exposure to currency risk that may create unpredictable profits and losses is minimal. In addition, the continuous deterioration of the Sudanese Pound and the limited FDI flows to the country render the investment environment uncompetitive and incapable of attracting foreign funds and the banking system of completely domestic nature.
Carcass Weight, Meat Yield and Meat Cuts From Arado, Boran, Barka, Raya Cattle Breeds in Ethiopia
Authors: Mummed Y. Y. , Webb E. C.
Published: November 2019

This study was conducted with the objective to evaluate carcass weight, meat yield and primal meat cuts of beef from Arado, Boran, Barka, Raya and nondescript cattle breeds slaughtered at export abattoirs in Ethiopia. Data was collected from Abergelle and Melgawendo export abattoirs in 2011. The result of the study revealed that the average live weight, warm carcass weight, cold carcass weight and warm dressing percentage of cattle slaughtered at the abattoirs studied were 241.41±0.37 kg, 106.93±0.21 kg, 101.19±0.18 kg and 44.21±0.05%, respectively. Live weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage were differ (P < 0.001) between abattoirs, seasons and breeds of cattle slaughtered. Average meat yield and yield percentage of cattle slaughtered at Abergelle abattoir was 61.56±0.94 kg and 67.81±0.33%, respectively. Meat yield and weight of primal meat cuts were different (P < 0.001) between breeds of cattle. Yield percentage was significantly (p < 0.05) different between seasons. Retailed meat yield was significantly predicted (R2 = 88.1%) from slaughter weights, Topside (R2 = 77.86), Silverside (75.64), Knuckle (R2 = 70.13), Striploin (R2 = 70.73), Tenderloin (R2 = 61.33), Shank (R2 = 64.55) and Rumpcap (R2 = 64.48). From the study it was concluded that Boran cattle was better in dressing percentage compared to most cattle breeds in Africa while the dressing percentage and meat yield of Arado, Barka and Raya breeds were less than the percent and yield reported for other zebu cattle in Africa. A strategy should be devised to improve the carcass weight, dressing percentage and retail able meat yield from local cattle in Ethiopia.
Abiotic Stress Resistance Analysis of Lilium pumilum Overexpressing the LpMT2 Gene
Authors: Wang Ling , Fan Lijuan , Zhao Jingjing , Xu Chang , Jin Shumei
Published: November 2019

Plant metallothioneins (MT) are cysteine-rich proteins present in plants that can improve a plant’s salt tolerance. Therefore, a greater understanding of the MT gene in lily (Lilium pumilum), Liliaceae, is an important factor in the development and cultivation of improved salt-tolerant varieties and enriching plant resources for saline soils. A type 2 MT gene (GenBank access number: MH319787, designated as LpMT2) was isolated from L. pumilum leaves. The response mechanism to stress was then investigated, which provided the basis for molecular breeding of L. pumilum for stress tolerance. The LpMT2 gene amino acid sequence is highly homologous to that of type 2 MT protein. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) determined that different plant tissues expressed the LpMT2 gene differently and these expressions were dependent on the specific stress. Transgenic plants with LpMT2 gene exhibited significantly increased resistance to salt and oxidative stress compared with untransgenic plants. The LpMT2 transgenic plants had better growth, greater chlorophyll and proline content, less malondialdehyde (MDA) content and cell membrane permeability, greater superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, less Na+ content, greater K+ content and Na+ efflux, and less K+ efflux. These results determined that the transformed LpMT2 gene in L. pumilium plays an important role in enhancing the plant’s salt tolerance and antioxidant capacity.
Evaluation of Banana BRS Pacoua and Mysore Cultivars in Different Cultivation Conditions
Authors: Miranda Thayane F. , Silva Brenda K. R. da , Souza Eladivan B. de , Gomes Victor E. de V. , Bronze Antonia B. da S. , Araujo Dênmora G. de , Santos Artur V. F. dos , Farias Paulo R. S. , Melo Danilo da L.
Published: November 2019

Banana is one of the most produced and most consumed fruits worldwide, since it is a fruit high in nutritional value, being an excellent cultivation option for both smallholders and large farmers. The aim with this work was to evaluate the development, adaptability and to estimate the yield of the banana cultivars BRS Pacoua and Mysore in commercial plantation with and without irrigation. The experiment was carried out at Takakura farm, located at the Pará State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, made of: two cultivars (BRS Pacoua and Mysore), and two cultivation methods (irrigated and not irrigated), with six blocks, four treatments and five repetitions, using five plants per treatment in each block. The following agronomic and vegetative characteristics were evaluated: plant height (m), base diameter (cm), bunch weight (kg), weight of the second hand (kg), fruits average weight (kg), number of hands per bunch (unt.), number of fingers in the second hand (unt.) and yield (t/ha). Accordingly to the data analysis there was significant variation for the conditions of cultivation, cultivars and interaction among cultivars and condition of cultivation in the analyzed characteristics, except plant height. The production and yield of the banana cultivars BRS Pacoua and Mysore are affected by the irrigation management, however, even in the cultivation system without irrigation the Mysore cultivar surpassed the BRS Pacoua cultivar in all the evaluated characteristics in the conditions of this work.
A Comprehensive Survey on Node Metrics of RPL Protocol for IoT
Authors: Saaidah Adeeb , Almomani Omar , Al-Qaisi. Laila , Alsharman Nesreen , Alzyoud Faisal
Published: November 2019

Internet of Things (IOT) system often consists of thousands of constrained connected devices. Resource-constrained devices one of critical issues in a low- power and lossy network LLNs. RPL is IPv6 routing protocol. It’s designed by IETF to be simple and inter-operable networking protocol to overcome these resource limitations. The RPL carries out Objective Functions (OFs) in the aim of finding the best path. The OFs chooses the best parent nodes aiming to build the route and optimize it. The metrics used to build the OF must be selected in an effective and accurate manner for finding the optimal path and meets all constraints. A survey about node metrics which can be utilized in OFs of RPL is presented, and node metrics calculations are explained then discussed thoroughly. The researcher displays the most relevant research efforts regarding the RPL OFs existing in literature.
Evaluation of the relationship between body composition and weight-height index – BMI
Authors: Banach Katarzyna , Glibowski Paweł , Skorek Paulina
Published: November 2019

Aim: Body composition, especially the mass of adipose tissue, affects the risk of developing the metabolic and cardiovascular diseases as well as some cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the body composition of adults and their Body Mass Index.
Material/Methods: The study involved 120 subjects (69 women and 51 men) aged 19 – 66 (30.55 ± 10.41). The recruited subjects were assigned to three subgroups: with normal body weight, overweight and obesity, depending on the BMI value. There were 40 subjects in each subgroup, including 23 women and 17 men. Besides the measurements of height and body mass, the SECA mBCA515 analyser was applied for the body composition analysis using the bioelectric impedance method.
Results: A significant association was found between the BMI index and fat mass, lean mass and muscle mass, both in the whole group and after taking into account the sex. The correlation coefficient R range was from –0.88 to 0.97. The incidence of obesity in the studied group according to body fat content criteria (>25% for men and >30% for women) was 57%, while according to BMI criteria –33%. BMI cut-off points for obesity were 27.8, 26.4 and 26.4 kg/m2 for men, women and for all, respectively.
Conclusions: In epidemiological studies, to identify obese people, body fat should also be taken into account in addition to BMI. If obesity is understood as excess fat, and not excess weight, the cut-off points for BMI-based obesity should be lowered.