bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the suprasellar region: diagnosis based on thyroid cytology
Authors: Mavromati Maria , Caironi Verdiana , Saiji Essia , Vargas Maria-Isabel , Momjian Shahan , Andrade-Lopes Stephanie , Gubert Capucine , Demarchi Marco Stefano , Mainta Ismini , Jornayvaz François R , Samii Kaveh , Stalder Grégoire , Leboulleux Sophie
Published: May 2024

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) may present as unifocal disease of the suprasellar region, with symptoms and signs of hypopituitarism, arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), and weight gain. Transcranial biopsy is necessary to define diagnosis and guide treatment decisions, but it is associated with significant morbidity. We describe a patient with Hashimoto thyroiditis and a single hypothalamic mass in whom LCH diagnosis was made by thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) performed despite nonspecific findings in thyroid imaging, on the basis of a slightly elevated [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity on PET/CT and volume increase during follow-up.
IRE1α regulates ROS and immune responses after UVB irradiation
Authors: Son Jeongin , Bailey Jacob T , Worrell Stephen , Glick Adam B
Published: May 2024

Objective

UV irradiation of the skin induces photo damage and generates cytotoxic intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) to adapt or reduce these UVB-mediated damages. This study was designed to understand the role of the UPR mediator IRE1α in the antioxidant response following UVB irradiation of mouse skin and keratinocytes.

Methods

We used mice with an epidermal deletion of IRE1α and primary mouse keratinocytes to examine effects of UV on different parameters of the antioxidant response in the presence and absence of functional IRE1α.

Results

In the absence of IRE1α, PERK activity and protein levels are significantly compromised following UVB irradiation. Additionally, the loss of IRE1α suppressed phosphorylation of the PERK target, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and NRF2-dependent antioxidant gene expression after UVB irradiation. Interestingly, IRE1α-deficient keratinocytes exhibit elevated basal ROS levels, while a robust ROS induction upon UVB exposure is abolished. Because UVB-induced ROS plays an essential role in regulating skin inflammation, we analyzed recruited immune cell populations and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Il-6 and Tnfα, in mice with epidermally targeted deletion of Ire1α. Following UVB irradiation, there was significantly less recruitment of neutrophils and leukocytes and reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in the skin of mice lacking IRE1α. Furthermore, keratinocyte proliferation was also significantly reduced after chronic UVB exposure in the skin of these mice.

Conclusion

Collectively, our findings indicate that IRE1α is essential for basal and UVB-induced oxidative stress response, UV-induced skin immune responses, and keratinocyte proliferation.

Significance statement

These findings shed new light on the protective function of IRE1α in the response to UV. IRE1α plays an important role in the regulation of ROS, PERK stability, and antioxidant gene expression in response to UVB in mouse keratinocytes and epidermis.
Characterization of ovarian progenitor cells for their potential to generate steroidogenic theca cells in vitro
Authors: Wen Xin , Wang Jiexia , Qin Mengjie , Wang Hu , Xu Jingfeng , Guan Xiaoju , Shan Dan , Chen Panpan , Xie Jiajia , Shao Jingjing , Duan Ping , Chen Congde , Chen Haolin
Published: May 2024

In brief

Progenitor cells with ovulation-related tissue repair activity were identified with defined markers (LGR5, EPCR, LY6A, and PDGFRA), but their potentials to form steroidogenic cells were not known. This study shows that the cells can generate progenies with different steroidogenic activities.

Adult mammalian ovaries contain stem/progenitor cells necessary for folliculogenesis and ovulation-related tissue rupture repair. Theca cells are recruited and developed from progenitors during the folliculogenesis. Theca cell progenitors were not well defined. The aim of current study is to compare the potentials of four ovarian progenitors with defined markers (LY6A, EPCR, LGR5, and PDGFRA) to form steroidogenic theca cells in vitro. The location of the progenitors with defined makers was determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining of ovarian sections of adult mice. Different progenitor populations were purified by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) and/or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) techniques from ovarian cell preparation and were tested for their abilities to generate steroidogenic theca cells in vitro. The cells were differentiated with a medium containing LH, ITS, and DHH agonist for 12 days. The results showed that EPCR+ and LGR5+ cells primarily distributed along the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), while LY6A+ cells distributed in both the OSE and parenchyma. However, PDGFRA+ cells were exclusively located in interstitial compartment. When the progenitors were purified by these markers and differentiated in vitro, LY6A+ and PDGFRA+ cells formed steroidogenic cells expressing both CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 and primarily producing androgens, showing characteristics of theca-like cells, while LGR5+ cells generated steroidogenic cells devoid of CYP17A1 expression and androgen production, showing a characteristic of progesterone-producing cells (granulosa- or lutea-like cells). In conclusion, progenitors from both OSE and parenchyma of adult mice are capable of generating steroidogenic cells with different steroidogenic capacities, showing a possible lineage preference.
Literary approaches to the theory of thinness aesthetics
Authors: Cerrato Rodríguez Barbara
Published: May 2024

In this research we will address the negative view of female beauty canons. In addition, we will study what Bourdieu call the ‘paradox of the doxa’ and Barthes' notion of second-level meaning, which apparently contribute to sustaining the tyranny of female beauty. In contrast, we will delve into Lipovetsky's theory of the aesthetics of thinness, which considers thinness a symbol of self-control, success and self-management. In other words, thinness would translate the feminine desire for emancipation and equality. Thus, we will start from this theory to analyze some works by Najat El Hachmi, a hybrid and "atravesada" author, which will allow us to analyze the different conceptions of thinness in two cultures.
Organoids technology: an advanced meditate in tissue engineering and organ development
Authors: Shilpi Satish , Chimaniya Pranali , Saini Khyati , Dudekula Jamal Basa , Pandey Vikas
Published: May 2024

Organoids are in vitro miniaturized and simplified model systems of organs that have attracted a great deal of interest for cell therapy, personalized medicine, drug screening, and the modelling of tissue development and treatment of different illness. Despite significant progress in the cultivation of physiologically appropriate organoids, obstacles still stand in the way of practical applications. Organoid systems are difficult to translate in part because of the significant diversity of self-organizing growth and the limited experimental and analytical access. Since ancient times, efforts have been attempted repeatedly to create replicas of in vivo organs from their tissues or cells. Organoid technology as a whole has only recently begun to systematically develop and has been demonstrated to be crucial in tissue engineering. Induced and retrieved stem cells from a variety of organs have the ability to self-organize to create three dimensional structures that are physically and functionally equivalent to their in vivo counterparts. These organoid models offer a strong foundation for understanding disease modeling, drug candidate screening, and development mechanisms. In this review it has been describe the developments to produce different organoids of tissues as well as their shortcomings and potential applications in tissue engineering.
Osteoarthritis: physiology, disease, treatments, market analysis
Authors: Huaco Vanessa , Tawil Bill
Published: May 2024

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. As osteoarthritis begins to develop, it damages all areas of the joint including cartilage, tendons, ligaments, synovia, bone and meniscus.1 Symptoms of Osteoarthritis often begin slowly with few joints. Symptoms include swelling, pain and stiffness. There is no current cure for Osteoarthritis. Current treatments include lifestyle changes, painkillers and therapy.2 Few cases require surgery.2 The therapeutics market size for osteoarthritis is expected to double by 2032.3 In this review, we will cover an analysis of the osteoarthritis therapeutics market including market size and trends. We will also go over an overview of current treatments and products available for osteoarthritis patients. Finally, we’ll conclude with emerging treatments recently approved or in clinical trials.
Comparative influence of mesenchymal stromal cells of different origin on DNA fragmentation of neuronal nuclei during ischemia-reperfusion of the somatosensory cortex of the rat brain
Authors: SV Konovalov , VM Moroz , IV Husakova , OG Deryabina , AA Tochilovskyi
Published: May 2024

Relevance: One of the main causes of stroke in acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA) is ischemia, which begins with the formation of an acute neuronal energy deficit with subsequent activation of the "ischemic cascade" reactions that lead to irreversible damage to nervous tissue. Aim: To compare the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different origin and human MSCs from Wharton's jelly lysate on neuroapoptotic changes in the somatosensory cortex of the rat brain in conditions of model ischemia-reperfusion (IR) performed by ductal cytoflowmetry. Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out using 165 four-month-old male Wistar rats weighing 160-190 g, which were subjected to bilateral 20-minute transient ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of the internal carotid arteries. After modeling the pathology, the animals were injected into the femoral vein (iv) with MSCs obtained from umbilical cord Wharton jelly, human and rat adipose tissue in the amount of 106 cells/animal. Other groups of experimental animals were intravenously injected with fetal rat fibroblasts in the amount of 106 cells/animal (in 0.2 ml of physiological solution) and MSCs from umbilical cord Wharton's jelly lysate in a dose of 0.2 ml/animal. Control animals were injected intravenously with 0.2 ml of physiological solution. The level of DNA fragmentation in the nuclei of neurons of the somatosensory cortex of rats on the 7th day after ischemia-reperfusion was studied by flow cytometry. The research was carried out on a flow cytometer "Partech РАС" of the company Partech, Germany. The statistical significance of the differences was assessed by Student's t-test. Results: The study noted an increase in the level of fragmented DNA in a group of animals with IR by 3.25 times 7 days after model IR. The performed treatment showed that in groups with transplanted MSCs of various origins and MSC lysate from human Wharton's jelly cells, the intensity of DNA fragmentation in the nuclei of neurons in rat brain somatosensory cortex reliably decreased in1.8-2. 6 times compared with the group of control pathology (IR without treatment). Conclusions: Experimental 20-minute IR of the brain of rats forms a persistent focus of necrotic and apoptotic death of neurons, which is manifested by an increase in fragmented DNA (3.25 times). Intravenous transplantation of MSCs of various origin and lysate of MSCs from human Wharton jelly has a therapeutic effect in model IR, which is manifested by a decrease in the processes of neuro-destruction and neuroapoptosis in the area of ischemic brain damage Such effect is a link to the polytrophic mechanism of MSCs neuro-protective action.
Surface scanning and 3D printing for optimized partial auricular reconstruction
Authors: Cuesta Urquia Carolina , Sánchez AD Moreiras , Martínez MM Pampín , García A Fernández , García N Montesdeoca , Carretero JL Cebrián
Published: May 2024

We present the resolution of a case of a 50-year-old patient who presented for excision and reconstruction of a malignant skin lesion at the auricular tubercle of the right helix. The patient reported great concern for the aesthetic outcome. The auricular helix has a unique projection, relief, consistency, and size determined by the contralateral side. Its reconstruction is a surgical challenge and requires sophisticated techniques to achieve good results. Therefore, in cases where we are looking for precision and predictability, 3D technology is a great help for the surgeon as it allows pre-surgical patient-specific planning and the printing of sterilisable models that serve as surgical 3D guides. This case was solved with a two-stage reconstruction. First, the lesion was excised, and a retro auricular advancement flap was placed. In the second stage, the placement of cartilage was sectioned using a customised surgical model obtained from the scanning of the contralateral ear surface. This way, the cartilage donor area was optimised, choosing the most similar shape and size with great precision.
A facial deformity treated, non-surgically - A case report
Authors: Teja Vasireddy , Banerjee Kokila , Karad Rucha , Patel Hardik , Bhattacharjee Boudhayan , Nath Haldar Soumendra , Roy Subhendu , Saha Bibhuti
Published: May 2024

Facial deformities are a major cause of loss of self-esteem in patients. Treatment usually involves surgical correction. Medical treatment is rarely possible if the cause is infective and curable with oral medication. We report a case of Conidiobolomycosis in a 43 years old agriculturist from rural part of Eastern India who presented with a significant facial deformity and incessant sneezing and nasal discharge. His biopsy revealed the fungus which resolved with oral medications.
The importance of portable ultrasound in neck fat assessment and treatment
Authors: Fechine Feitosa Roney Gonçalves , Montano Pedroso Juan Carlos , Sabino Neto Miguel
Published: May 2024

Obesity can lead to excessive neck fat, affecting aesthetics and respiratory function. Accurate assessment of fat location is crucial for treatment selection. Portable ultrasound offers real-time, dynamic imaging of the submental region, allowing for precise evaluation of the fat deposit and underlying muscle. High-frequency linear array transducers with frequencies ranging from 7 to 15 MHz are typically used. If the majority of the fat deposit is above the platysma muscle, liposuction may be recommended. Deep neck surgery may be necessary if the fat deposit is below the muscle. Portable ultrasound offers numerous benefits, including real-time imaging, non-invasiveness, absence of radiation exposure, and office setting availability. It can also monitor treatment progress and effectiveness. Accurate assessment of neck fat anatomy is vital for choosing the right treatment approach, and portable ultrasound is an essential tool in achieving optimal cosmetic and functional outcomes.
Clinical profile, laboratory parameters and management outcomes in an eight-year-old female with childhood lupus nephritis
Authors: Shah Dr. Kruti , Dave Dr. Divya
Published: May 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem, autoimmune disorder characterized by widespread inflammation of connective tissues affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs and nervous system. SLE is most often diagnosed in women during the second to fourth decades of life, but 15-20% cases are found in childhood. Renal involvement occurs in the majority of childhood onset SLE (cSLE) patients and is often fatal and hence constitutes an important determinant of prognosis. Multidisciplinary care is necessary for children with lupus nephritis in terms of immunosuppressive regimes with a common goal of achieving and maintaining renal remission. Despite a low prevalence rate of cSLE, it manifests with fatal complications like lupus nephritis in majority of cases. Renal biopsy is gold standard for staging of lupus nephritis, thus, deciding the modality of management and prognostication of cSLE.
The effect of recycled fiber content on performance/quality properties of swimwear fabrics
Authors: Koçak E Dilara , Aksaman Melisa Suha , Ateş Melike , Ünver Zeynep
Published: May 2024

Due to the decrease in natural resources all over the world and the increase in global CO2 emissions, which make the biggest contribution to global warming and climate change, the use of recycled materials has gained great importance in the textile industry, as in other application areas. Reducing the use of new raw materials and producing products from old raw materials not only minimizes environmental impacts such as lower CO2 emissions during the landfilling, reduced consumption of natural resources, reduced waste disposal, but also reduces costs and provides a longer product life. This study investigates the effect of recycled polyester fiber on the performance/quality properties of swimwear fabrics. Swimwear fabric samples were produced from 100% recycled polyester, 50% recycled polyester/50% polyamide, 100% polyester and 100% polyamide, and tested in terms of bursting strength, seam strength, abrasion resistance, air permeability and color fastness properties.
Reliable fabric defect detection via Bayesian uncertainty modeling
Authors: Wong Wai Keung , Chen Zhewei , Liao Jinpiao , Qu Ying
Published: May 2024

Despite the demonstrated capability of deep learning models in detecting anomalies in textile images, their predictions in real-world applications tend to be overly confident, especially when faced with defect types not previously encountered in the training set or when dealing with low-quality annotations. This excessive confidence in predictions limits the practical application of deep learning methods in textile defect detection, as it fails to provide inspectors with reliable guidance on when to trust the model's predictions and when manual verification is necessary. To address this issue, this paper introduces a Bayesian fabric anomaly detection model that utilizes Variational Inference (VI) to apply Bayesian inference to the widely used U-Net architecture. During the inference phase, the model employs Monte Carlo sampling to perform multiple forward passes, generating three types of uncertainty estimations and per-pixel uncertainty maps, thus providing comprehensive evidence for decision-making. This method not only estimates the uncertainty of model predictions but also improves the F1 score by 2-4% over the baseline U-Net model in the frequency domain. This study proves the Bayesian approach boosts fabric anomaly detection and decision-making by optimizing model performance and reducing reliance on inaccurate predictions.
Unveiling the therapeutic promise of medicinal cannabis protocol in alzheimer’s disease management: insights from case studies
Authors: Barker Patricia Beck Eichler
Published: May 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a complex clinical challenge, necessitating exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. This paper investigates the integration of a medicinal Cannabis MCT oil protocol, featuring specific THC and CBD ratios, within the care plans of three individuals diagnosed with AD. Drawing upon existing literature and detailed case studies, we evaluate the protocol's impact on symptom progression, quality of life, and caregiver burden. Our analysis suggests promising therapeutic benefits of medicinal Cannabis in mitigating symptoms associated with AD, underscoring the importance of further research in this evolving field. Keywords: alzheimer's disease, medicinal cannabis, THC, CBD, symptom management, caregiver burden, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory properties
Multidisciplinary management of penile calciphylaxis in a patient undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Amine Malki Mohamed , Ngengo Roger Kanza , Ahmed Yaagoubi , Rayan Alami , Mustapha Ahsaini , Soufiane Mellas , Fadl Tazi Mohammed , Jalal El Ammari , Jamal El Fassi , Hassan Farih My
Published: May 2024

Penile necrosis in end-stage chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis presents complex pathophysiology involving vascular, metabolic, and dialysis-related factors. This clinical case emphasizes the significance of prompt multidisciplinary management. Surgical interventions like penectomy with scrotal pedicled flaps offer effective reconstruction, preventing complications. Long-term success mandates diligent oversight of metabolic and vascular issues. A comprehensive approach integrating urology, vascular surgery, and nephrology specialists is essential for optimal patient outcomes and quality of life.
Management of giant posterior meningocele lombosacral: about three case report
Authors: Hamma Ousmane Issoufou
Published: May 2024

Meningoceles are one of the most common malformations of the nervous system, accounting for around 10% of all neural tube defects. It is a complex congenital malformation of the spine, characterized by protrusions or expansions of one or more layers of the thecal sac through a canal or foramen of the spine in which there is a defect. Children usually show no neurological signs at birth, but surgical exploration is warranted to prevent future neurological deterioration. These malformations are frequently found in a posterior position, with dysraphic vertebrae in the lumbosacral region. Their management is associated with multiple challenges in our regions, including difficulties with perioperative and anesthetic care. We report these to highlight and share our experiences in the perioperative management of meningocele.
Denis Nosnitsin and Dorothea Reule, The Ethiopic Manuscripts of the Egyptian Monastery of Dayr as-Suryān: A Catalogue
Authors: Zanetti Ugo
Published: May 2024

Book review.
A Hitherto Unattested Ethio-Sabaean King in a Woman's Altar Dedication from Ṣ́ǝrḥan (Tǝgray/Ethiopia)—Discovery and Context
Authors: Gidey Gebreegziabher
Published: May 2024

An inscription stone was found by peasants in a site at Ṣ́ǝrḥan in the Aḥfärom wäräda of the Tǝgray region. The author examined the site and carried out an archaeological outline of it for the Tǝgray Culture and Tourism Bureau. The original condition of the inscription, however, had been affected by the peasants’ handling of the stone, which in the same time offers an instructive insight into local traditions. Furthermore, the high resolution photography taken of the inscription has been lost due to looting during the recent war. However, lower resolution photography has survived.
Table of content
Authors: Editor
Published: May 2024

Table of content.
Management of Endo-Perio lesion in a Tooth with an Unfavorable Prognosis: a Clinical Case Report with an 18-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Sandini Trentin Micheline , Gomes Dallepiane Felipe , Serraglio Figueiredo Paola , Becker Ana Luiza , Leocovick Síndel , Duque Thais Mageste , De Carli João Paulo , Vanni Jose Roberto
Published: May 2024

The aim of this case study is to report a successful clinical case of an endo-perio lesion in a tooth with an initially unfavorable prognosis, followed up for 18 months. A male patient, public servant, non-smoker, without a history of diabetes, and married sought dental treatment in 1995 due to periodontal problems. He was then 40 years old and diagnosed with moderate to advanced periodontal disease. The initial treatment consisted of supra and subgingival scaling, followed by the extraction of teeth indicated for removal. After discharge, the patient adhered to a preventive periodic maintenance (PPM) program to control periodontal disease recurrence. In 2021, tooth 43 showed an unfavorable endo-perio lesion during a routine check-up. Despite treatment options, the patient opted for conservative treatment with endodontic and periodontal procedures. Simultaneously, PPM sessions were performed. The patient was monitored every six months, showing regression of periodontal pockets and significant improvement after 18 months. This case highlights the importance of patient adherence to PPM, demonstrating that a conservative approach and proper maintenance can lead to positive clinical outcomes even in cases with an initially unfavorable prognosis.
Context matters: The influence of the social situation on source memory
Authors: Kroneisen Meike
Published: May 2024

Previous research has demonstrated that people remember negative reputational information particularly well. However, most of these experiments manipulated the type of information associated with each face, rather than manipulating the circumstances under which people learn this information. The present experiment examines the effect of the social situation on memory for social-exchange relevant information. Faces were paired with descriptions of cheating, trustworthy, or neutral behavior. In addition, the importance of the social situation was manipulated: Participants had either to decide if they would want to work with the described person on a student project (socially relevant scenario) or if they would want to ask this person what time it is while waiting at an airport (socially irrelevant scenario). A multinomial processing tree model was used to measure old–new item discrimination and source memory. Only in the socially relevant scenario a source memory advantage for cheaters was found.
New record of Distimake ternifoliolus (Pittier) A.R.Simões & Staples (Convolvulaceae Juss.) from the Brazilian savanna reveals its disjunct distribution pattern
Authors: de S. Rodrigues Leonardo , C. de Sousa Izaias , F. Figueiredo Marlene , S. Santos Francisco D.
Published: May 2024

We present the first record of Distimake ternifoliolus (Pittier) A.R.Simões & Staples (Convolvulaceae) from the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado). This is a rare species, previously known only from the savannas of the Venezuelan Llanos and the Guianas. We provide a key characters, data on geographic distribution, habitat, conservation status, flowering and fruiting period, updated distribution maps and a key for Distimake Raf. species from Ceará.
Hypostomus khimaera Tencatt, Zawadzki & Fröehlich, 2014 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil: first record and comments on its occurrence
Authors: Lopes Douglas A. , de Souza Rafael N. , Gomes Vandergleison C. , Carvalho Fernando R. , Zawadzki Claudio H. , Tencatt Luiz F. C.
Published: May 2024

Hypostomus khimaera Tencatt, Zawadzki & Fröehlich, 2014 is a species native to the rio Paraguay basin, but it is recorded here from the upper rio Paraná basin for the first time. Our new record was made in the córrego Mimoso, a tributary of the rio Anhanduí, approximately 180 km from the closest previously reported locality. We are unsure whether the occurrence of this species in the upper rio Paraná basin is a consequence of natural phenomena, such as headwater connection during floods or stream capture, or an artificial introduction. Together with the invasive H. cochliodon Kner, 1854, H. khimaera is the second species of the H. cochliodon group recorded in the upper rio Paraná basin. Here, we provide an updated diagnosis of H. khimaera and highlight the differences in opercle exposition as the easiest way to differentiate it from the syntopic and morphologically similar H. cochliodon.  
Kemenangan Ideologis dan Kekalahan Politik Wacana Politik Etnis Minang dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2014 dan 2019
Authors: Khusairi Abdullah , Nasir Muhammad , Fata Ahmad Khoirul
Published: May 2024

This article examines the political discourse of the Minang ethnic group in the Presidential Elections (Pilpres) of 2014 and 2019. In both elections, the Minang candidates did not win nationally but achieved a land­slide victory in the West Sumatra province. This has created a stig­ma for the Minang ethnic group as one with a strong political iden­tity and a province with a hardline stance. This study aims to unders­tand the political discourse of the Minang ethnic group in choos­ing national leaders. The study employs Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis approach, which identifies four inter­connected dimen­sions: linguistic, discursive, social, and ideo­lo­gical. This research is a qualitative study using critical analysis methods. Data was collect­ed through in-depth interviews with Minang figures (traditional leaders, religious figures, politicians, academics, and cultural figures). The findings indicate that the political commu­ni­cation of the Minang ethnic group did not undergo a shift in perspective when it comes to viewing leadership issues. For the Minang ethnic group, a leader is highly regarded and given priority. Leaders must possess the qualities of "takah" (personal capacity and capability) and "tageh" (strength and firmness in attitude and action). Additionally, they must be recognized and accepted by the public as prominent figures. The most important factors for the Minang ethnic group in choosing a leader are shared religious beliefs, an egalitarian attitude, and adherence to customary values. The Minang ethnic group is willing to accept political defeat to maintain their belief-based selection of leaders.
Efektivitas Program One Gate, One Billing and One System dalam Pemberantasan Pungli di Pelabuhan
Authors: Hanafie Haniah
Published: May 2024

This research concerns the One Gate, One Billing and One System Program and extortion at the Port. The purpose of this study is to explain the effectiveness of the One Gate, One Billing and One System Program in preventing extortion at Tanjung Priok Port and the inhibiting factors for implementing the One Gate, One Billing and One System Program. A qualitative approach with descriptive data analysis techniques was used in this study. Program effectiveness theory as an analytical framework. Data was collected by interviews, document review and observation. The results of the study show that the One Gate, One Billing and One System Program is not effective in preventing extortion at Tanjung Priok Port. There are cultural factors, weak supervision, the economy and abuse of authority by officers, making eradication of extortion difficult to overcome.
Exploring Knowledge Graphs for Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts with SPARQL
Authors: Burrows Toby
Published: May 2024

This article reports on research into the use of SPARQL for querying knowledge graphs, in the form of Linked Open Data triple stores, which relate to the history and provenance of medieval manuscripts. It looks at several recent initiatives and projects which rely on RDF and SPARQL, including Mapping Manuscript Migrations and the Wikibase implementation of Digital Scriptorium. As well as comparing and evaluating different ways of using SPARQL with manuscript data, the article looks at possible future directions in this field, notably the development of visual interfaces for SPARQL queries and the potential use of AI chatbots to formulate SPARQL queries.
Şehnaz, Elmas, Mina, and the Others, Who Kill The Angel in Their Houses
Authors: Fontini Pinar
Published: May 2024

My mother was killed by the Angel in our house. I know many other women who were killed in thesame way. Either to kill the Angel or be killed by her ... It is a matter of life and death for us, forthe women of Turkey. In this video-essay, I introduce you to some of us: Şehnaz, Elmas, Mina, andseveral others who dare to choose life. They are the fictional female characters of the new wavefilms produced by the new generation of female directors from Turkey. I invite you to listen to theirstories in which they tell the secrets of their houses. Their abiding by not the Angel but themselvesmight be a strategy to stay alive, even a method of radical existence.
Program Implementation of Tasks of the State Defense Order
Authors: Kandybko Natalia
Published: May 2024

In modern geopolitical conditions, the country's defense capability is a key factor in ensuring sovereignty, independence and stability. The basis of the long-term planning of providing the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation with weapons, military and special equipment is the state armament program, which is developed for a ten-year period, contains the nomenclature of the most important types of weapons, military and special equipment, and also determines customers, performers and deadlines for work. Short-term planning of development of armament, military and special equipment is carried out through development and fulfillment of tasks of the state defense order.
Military planning is an integral component of state planning and in modern conditions and is carried out under the influence of a combination of various external and internal factors: a change in the foreign policy situation, which is becoming unpredictable against the background of the progressive basic principles devaluation of international law; making decisions by the country's leadership to ensure the protection of the interests of the Russian Federation in strategically important regions; instability of the macroeconomic parameters of the development of the Russian Federation within the framework of the emerging conditions of the world economy, directly affecting the setting and implementation of programs and plans for the development of the weapons system.
The basis for fulfilling the tasks of the state defense order is the dynamic work of the military-industrial complex, aimed at providing the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation with a new generation of weapons, military and special equipment.
The article considers the features of the planning and performing the state defense order in terms of implementation of the special measures in the economy. Functional characteristics of enterprises of the military-industrial complex are selected. The author analyzes the causes of cost growth of military products, as well as reveals a correlation between program documents providing for the implementation of tasks of the state defense order.
Teaching a Foreign Language to Students of Non-Linguistic Specialties in Blended form of Education: Problems, Solutions, Perspectives
Authors: Bimakova Rufina , Glukhova Elena
Published: May 2024

Blended learning is becoming increasingly popular, on the one hand, because of its flexibility, as it gives students the opportunity to simultaneously receive education and build a career, and, on the other hand, because it relies on the use of information and telecommunications technologies that modern young people are proficient in. The article provides the analysis of the educational process organization experience in the mixed and distance forms of blended learning at Baikal State University; the role of a teacher in organizing students' self-study, levels of self-study when studying a foreign language, the description of the Moodle course ‘Foreign language in professional sphere’. It also reveals advantages, disadvantages and problems of working with students of blended learning and offers ways of solving these problems. The experience of teaching English to students based on mixed and distance models shows the importance of direct interaction of students with each other and with the teacher, the need to increase classroom contact hours, to form small groups to study a foreign language.
The Use of Parallel Import Mechanism in the System of Foreign Trade Relations in the Context of Global Economic Changes
Authors: Fedotov Andrey , Schepina Svetlana
Published: May 2024

In the context of global geopolitical developments related to the special military operation, which led to new economic sanctions against Russia by unfriendly countries, the principles of foreign trade relations with foreign partners were radically reviewed. Among the used instruments of cooperation, it is necessary to single out parallel import as the most effective way of foreign economic activity in the current conditions. The Government of the Russian Federation has prepared the whole necessary regulatory base for the legalization of this type of foreign trade activity. The article considers the specific features of the parallel import mechanism in the context of counteracting economic sanctions in the field of trade. An assessment of the positive and negative factors of using the parallel import mechanism, as well as possible risks, was made. The aspects of transactions’ documentary support carried out in the context of parallel imports, including customs clearance, are considered. The author points out the obvious benefits of using the parallel import mechanism, both for the sphere of trade and the consumer market as a whole. Based on the study and systematization of the latest regulations and data from periodicals in the field of parallel import problems research, a hypothesis was proposed, the essence of which is that the use of the parallel import mechanism will have a positive impact on the development of foreign trade relations and contribute to meeting the needs of the domestic market for foreign goods that had been restricted from entering the country because of economic restrictions and sanctions. Based on the use of statistical and factor analysis methods, a forecast of the development of foreign trade relations in the context of the use of the parallel import mechanism is proposed.
Algorithmic Thinking: Psychological Essence and Socio-Economic Consequences
Authors: Terekhova Tatiana , Portnova Lyudmila , Tyulyupov Yury
Published: May 2024

At present the professors of universities and Secondary Vocational Education, as well as, psychologists who study the psychological state of students note the total predominance of students in algorithmic thinking. In training and subsequent practical activity algorithmic thinking is quite suitable for solving standard problems, but if it is necessary to make a decision in a non-standard situation, the educational psychological professional activity of people with this form of thinking is completely paralyzed. The purpose of the study is to investigate the fundamental educational reasons for the widespread algorithmic thinking in the younger generation, as well as the socio-economic consequences of this phenomenon. The study used the regularities of productive thinking, determined by the presence of the problem situation. The following methods were used in the course of the study: generalizing analysis of scientific and scientific-methodological literature on the problems of development of different types of thinking, analytical reviews of statistical data; a form of analysis through synthesis that allows to identify new, non-protruding properties of the problem situation directly in our perception. The study revealed that algorithmic thinking is developed and consolidated at the stage of schooling as a result of “technologies for the formation of universal educational actions”, which are the one of the key concepts in the system-activity approach that underlies federal state educational standards. It is proved that the socio-economic consequence of the phenomenon under study is a statistically fixed expanding trend of a massive decrease in the share of qualified specialists in all spheres of the Russian economy. According to the forecast of experts, also voiced by President Vladimir Putin, the shortage of qualified personnel will lead in the coming years to losses in the Russian economy, amounting to hundreds of billions of dollars. A problem of this scale and complexity can be solved only at the level of a political or social order.
Improving of the State Fingerprinting Registration in the Russian Federation at the Present Stage
Authors: Usacheva Ekaterina , Luzgin Anton
Published: May 2024

Currently, fingerprinting continues to be one of the main methods in solving crimes and proving in criminal cases. A huge corpus of fingerprint traces of unsolved crimes, fingerprint maps of living persons and unidentified corpses has been formed. In addition, the identification of people by papillary patterns on their hands is one of the fastest, most effective and least expensive methods of identifying people in solving the daily tasks of law enforcement agencies aimed at actively suppressing and preventing all forms of illegal acts. In this regard, there is a need not just to enlarge the circle of persons subject to mandatory state fingerprinting registration, but to consolidate at the legislative level the universal fingerprinting registration of citizens.
The issue has been discussed for quite a long time, but it is with a positive decision that a serious potential will be formed in the implementation of the already available fingerprint information in the solving and investigation of crimes of past years and a practically guaranteed result in the implementation of search queries on fingerprint records already in the medium term.
The article considers the opinions of scientists and practitioners on the issue of universal mandatory fingerprint registration, as well as the positive experience of using this method of personal identification in foreign countries. A mechanism for the introduction of universal fingerprint registration in practice and ways for the formation of a positive attitude towards this procedure among the population as the means of ensuring public order and the safety of citizens by the state are proposed.
Use of Electoral Law Terminology in Normative Legal Acts Governing Other Legal Relationships: Theoretical Approaches and Practical Errors
Authors: Podshivalov Vladimir
Published: May 2024

On example of electoral terminology, the author examines the systemic aspects of the use of terms in various branches of legislation. As a specific object of study, the wording “electoral rights”, “the right to vote”, used in federal legislation and in the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, mainly in the field of regulation of various forms of democracy, was chosen. The context of the use of these terms, the completeness of the resulting legal norms are analyzed. In addition to considering the legal technique side of the issue, a theoretical assessment is made of the appropriateness of using electoral legal terminology to solve specific law-making tasks.
The results of the study showed that there are violations of the systematic approach in the use of the terms. In other branches of Russian legislation, terms specific to the legal norms governing legal relations in the field of elections are often used either for purposes that are inadequate to the original meaning of the electoral legal term, or in a context that leads to the incompleteness of the legal norm. In some cases, these violations introduce distortions into the political and legal meaning of a form of direct democracy, and put artificial, unreasonable obstacles in relation to its implementation. These shortcomings are typical for both federal and regional legislation. The correction of such mistakes is not conceptually difficult and is limited only by the readiness of the legislator to properly take into account legal technique requirements when formulating legislative texts.
Legal Regulation of Deep Synthesis Technology in the Context of Artificial Intelligent Systems: The Case of China and Russia
Authors: Afanasyeva Ekaterina , Kortnev Ruslan , Sun Yapping
Published: May 2024

Artificial Intelligent systems are the one of the leading technologies that is closely related to the potential of the Internet of Things within the framework of the Industry 4.0 concept. A new round of development of technologies requires the timely and full legal regulation of relevant social relations. The study is devoted to the investigation of Artificial Intelligence within the field of law and in particular, to a comparative analysis of the Chinese and Russian legislation. China has already taken the first steps in reforming national legislation, while Russia is at the stage of active forming a legislative framework in this direction. The research purpose is to study the latest trends in the development of Chinese legislation regarding Artificial Intelligent systems, namely Deep Synthesis technology, as well as to analyze the possibility of implementing some regulatory solutions into Russian legislation.
The research methodology is based on the theoretical analysis of the main legislative provisions concerning the regulation of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Synthesis technology. The legislation served as the informational base of the study. The scientific novelty lies in the formation of the authors' position regarding the possibility of borrowing certain elements of normative decisions: the definition of the legal status of Deep Synthesis and the subjects of relations related to the functioning of this technology, as well as the proposal of legislative consolidation of the classification of Artificial Intelligent systems, etc. The conducted research made it possible to identify the most ambiguous areas from the point of view of the legal consequences of the zones of implementation of the technology in question, as well as to set guidelines for the preventive measures’ development to minimise possible negative consequences.
Legal Aspects of the Circulation of Digital Currencies
Authors: Vedernikov Alexey
Published: May 2024

The appearance in practice of “cryptocurrencies”, “digital currencies”, “electronic currencies” makes lawyers to give a legal qualification to this phenomenon. To answer the question about its legality. In recent years, Russian legislation has been amended in order to regulate relations in this area. This confirms the relevance and novelty of the study. Using general scientific and special-legal methods of scientific knowledge, which is based on analysis, synthesis and deduction and induction, the work assesses prospects of development and degradation of social relations related to the circulation of digital currency. A critical analysis of the Russian legislation regulating relations in the field of creation and circulation of digital currency and electronic money, which in practice is called cryptocurrency, is made. Foreign experience in this area is reviewed. The style of the Russian legislator is criticized, in which any new law regulating similar legal relations synthesizes new terms, which creates difficulties in their joint application in practice. The problems of using various forms of money in practice are identified and illustrated. It is predicted that the creation by the legislator of a new specific form of money will lead to a difference in the economic fate of these various forms. The legal capacity and economic potential of these assets to perform the functions of money are assessed.
“Epitaph” to Election Commissions of Municipalities
Authors: Korovin Evgeniy
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the institution of election commissions of municipalities — its formation, development, problems that have arisen, as well as the causes and consequences of dismantling this institution. The recent completion of the work of the only municipal bodies actualizes the need to study its role and significance in municipal electoral campaigns. The legal framework of the entire period of activity of election commissions of municipalities has been studied in details. A significant amount of statistical material was used to analyze the place and role of these commissions in ensuring the right of citizens to local self-government. The author uses not only statistical and system-structural methods, but also the method of included observation throughout almost the entire period of functioning of the right-wing institute. It was concluded that despite the inclusion of local self-government into the unified system of public authority and the reduction of electoral practices at the local level of government, the abolition of the institution of municipal election commissions was insufficiently considered and justified.