bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an Orthopaedic Trauma Research Fellowship to Produce Successfully Matching Residents
Authors: Dugarte Anthony J. , Paull Thomas Z. , Schroder Lisa K. , Cole Peter A.
Published: June 2023

Objective:

Orthopaedics is becoming increasingly competitive. Approximately 25% of applicants to orthopaedic surgery go unmatched each year. The mean US Medical Licensing Examination step scores and average publication numbers have increased markedly in recent years. Reapplicants have a match rate of <60%. This study describes the results of an orthopaedic trauma research fellowship and its effectiveness in obtaining a successful orthopaedic match.

Methods:

A 1 to 2-year research fellowship was established at a level 1 academic trauma center. Prefellowship and fellowship metrics of 11 fellows were recorded, including undergraduate and medical schools; step-1 + step-2 scores; Alpha Omega Alpha appointment; and publication, podium, poster, and chapter accomplishments.

Results:

The average step-1 score of the fellows was 218 (range, 192 to 252) and 232 (range, 212 to 254) for step-2. Seven of 11 fellows were reapplicants. Prefellowship, the average number of journal publications was 1, one podium, two posters, and zero textbook chapters. During fellowship, the average publications was 5, five podiums, six posters, and 1.5 textbook chapters. Ten of 11 fellows successfully matched into an orthopaedic residency, with six of seven being reapplicants.

Conclusions:

Six of 7 reapplying fellows (86%) successfully matched highlighting the effectiveness of this fellowship. Research fellowships should be considered as an excellent choice for applicants who may be less than ideal candidates or reapplicants.
Periprosthetic Fractures After a Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bengoa Francisco , Neufeld Michael E. , Howard Lisa C. , Masri Bassam A.
Published: June 2023

As the number of total knee arthroplasties performed continues to increase, complications such as postoperative periprosthetic fractures are becoming increasingly more common. Femoral periprosthetic fractures are the most common type of fractures around a total knee arthroplasty, whereas tibial and patellar periprosthetic fractures are infrequent. Treatment principles depend on the bone the fracture is located, the status of the implant fixation, bone stock, and the type of implants available. The Vancouver classification allows for a standardized system to describe and manage these injuries, incorporating these factors. A systematic approach is vital in obtaining the best possible outcomes because complications and mortality rates mimic those of hip fractures.
Различия в обонятельном восприятии у пациентов с психическими расстройствами шизофренического и аффективного спектров
Authors: Дмитриева Надежда , Шуненков Денис , Ениколопов Сергей
Published: June 2023

Измерение обонятельной чувствительности на данный момент является актуальным и информативным, так как данная сенсорная функция может быть вовлечена в регуляцию эмоций и поведения человека вследствие анатомо-функциональной связи обонятельных структур с лимбической системой. При обонятельном дефиците выявляются нарушения и в эмоционально-личностной сфере человека. Обонятельные нарушения взаимосвязаны с негативной и продуктивной симптоматикой при различных психических расстройствах. В данной статье описаны результаты исследования ольфакторной ([лат. olfactorius — благовонный, душистый] — обонятельный, относящийся к области восприятия запахов) функции у пациентов с расстройствами шизофренического и депрессивного спектров и ее взаимосвязи с актуальным эмоциональным состоянием и компонентами эмоционально-личностной сферы. В исследовании приняло участие 158 испытуемых: пациенты с расстройствами шизофренического спектра (66 человек), с депрессивными расстройствами (29 человек), и группа лиц без наличия психической патологии (63 человека). У пациентов с расстройствами шизофренического спектра отмечается снижение способности к распознанию запахов по сравнению с контрольной группой и пациентами с депрессией. Отмечаются специфические различия в идентификации определенной группы одорантов (от лат. оdor — запах) между тремя группами. Обнаружены взаимосвязи способности к идентификации запахов с компонентами эмоционально-личностной сферы у психически здоровых лиц и у пациентов с депрессивными расстройствами в противоположность пациентам с расстройствами шизофренического спектра, у которых общий уровень распознавания запахов не связан с эмоционально-личностной сферой. Тем не менее, у пациентов с расстройствами шизофренического спектра отмечается взаимосвязь нарушения восприятия отдельных одорантов с показателями актуального эмоционального состояния и процессов эмпатии. Полученные результаты могут служить основой для разработки дополнительного дифференциально-диагностического метода в клинической психологии и психиатрии.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF USER GOODS ADMINISTRATOR/PROVIDER ADMINISTRATOR WITH LEADERS' COMMITMENT AS A MODERATING VARIABLE (EMPIRICAL STUDY IN THE RIAU ISLANDS PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT)
Authors: Nelly Huzrin Hood  , Indrayani  , Muammar Khaddafi
Published: June 2023

This study aims to examine the factors that influence the performance of administrators of user goods/administrators of auxiliary user goods with leadership commitment as a moderating variable within the Riau Archipelago Provincial Government. Factors that influence include the following competency, compliance, and motivation. The population in this study were all administrators of user goods/administrators of auxiliary user goods in the Riau Archipelago Provincial Government with purposive population  using a total of 188 respondents. From a population 188 respondents only 128 respondents answered the questionnaire via the google form.So the sample for this study was 128 respondents. Data Analysis used SPSS Version 25. In this study, several tests were carried out including validity and reability tests, multicollineariry tests, heteroscedasticity tests, normality tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t (partial) tests, simultaneous F tesrs, and tests of coefficient of determination.
Terbukti E-Leadership Competencies Memiliki Pengaruh Terbesar Dibanding Transformational Leadership, Dan Coaching Leadership Terhadap Employee Wellbeing
Authors: Ismadya Putra Erlangga , Tiarapuspa Tiarapuspa
Published: June 2023

The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of Transformational Leadership, E-leadership Competencies, and Coaching Leadership on Employee Wellbeing among employees of PT. Rita Retailindo in Cilacap. The data collection technique used in this study is non-probability sampling. In taking the sample, the researcher will use a non-probability sampling method called purposive sampling technique with a total of one hundred and forty-eight employees collected in the managerial division of PT. Rita Retailindo in Cilacap. The hypothesis testing used in this study was using AMOS software version 24. The results of testing the hypothesis in this study indicate that there is a positive effect of Transformational Leadership, E-Leadership Competence, Coaching Leadership, on Employee Wellbeing
Impact of Aflatoxins Exposure on Human Health and its Management Strategies
Authors: Zahra Naseem , Raza Muhammad Hassan , Hafeez Faheem , Saeed Muhammad Khalid , Khan Sabaz Ali , Saeed Asma , Shahzad Khurram
Published: June 2023

Aflatoxins are common contaminants in human food supplies that affects the world's developing economies. These are cosmopolitan in distribution and found everywhere in nature and can grow under drought, warm, and humid conditions. The aflatoxins are secondary metabolites and mostly found in feed and food products. These areoncogenic, mutagenic, and immunosuppressive in nature. On the basis of the aflatoxin producing fungi, the aflatoxins are roughly split into two distinct groups: those that penetrate in pre-harvest circumstances and those that are generated in post-harvest conditions. Aflatoxins exposure has great public health impact in economically developing nations and lot of research is taking place to reduce its harmful impacts; as a result, we need to establish preventive strategies that are feasible for these high-risk populations. This review provides in-depth information regarding the presence of aflatoxins, their analysis, and potentially harmful consequences on human health, as well as various detoxification approaches.
İslam Hukukunda Tekâfül Sigortası-Zekât İlişkisi Ve Ekonomiye Etkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ŞEN Yusuf
Published: June 2023

İnsan hayatı her geçen gün karmaşık hale gelmekte ve tehlikelerle doludur. Tehlikeler karşısında yardımlaşarak tedbir almak bir ihtiyaçtır. Bu ihtiyaca binaen gelişen ve değişen sigortacılık uygulamasının ekonomiye katkısını bu çalışma ile tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Zira çağın bir getirisi olan tüketim fazlalığı ve bunun aksine üretimin yetersizliği enflasyonun ve pahalılığın artmasına aynı oranda istihdamın ve yatırımın azalmasına sebebiyet vermektedir. Sigortacılık sektörü, bu noktada toplumun emniyet kemeri konumunda olup, şahısların karşılaşabilecekleri tehlikeleri deneyim ve bilgi birikimleri ile tespit ederek önlem almaktadırlar. Bu tehlikeler sigortacılıkta riziko olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Söz konusu rizikolar meydana geldiğinde ise sigorta şirketi kurumdan kuruma değişen oranlarla şahısların zararını karşılamayı taahhüt etmektedir. Sigortalı sayısı arttıkça üye oranında primlerde artış göstermekte ve belli bir fonda birikmektedir. Biriken bu fon yatırım maksatlı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Ekonomide yatırım demek; üretim, istihdam, düşük enflasyon ve neticede refah demektir. Makalemizde öncelikle sigorta kavramının ortaya çıkışı ve unsurları ele alınmıştır. Katılım sigortacılığının İslâm hukukundaki karşılığı olan tekâfülün zekâtla ilişkisi, günümüz ekonomisine makro ve mikro etkileri tespit edilmiştir.
René Block’un Türkiye Sanat Ortamıyla Tanışması: Türkiye’yi Seviyorum Türkiye de Beni Seviyor
Authors: ÖZDOĞAN TÜRKYILMAZ Hatice
Published: June 2023

Bu makale, küresel sanat ortamının önemli aktörlerinden biri olan Alman galerici, sanat yayıncısı, sanat koleksiyoncusu, sanat danışmanı, sergi düzenleyicisi ve küratör René Block’un Türkiye sanat ortamıyla tanışmasını konu edinmektedir. Çalışmada, Block’un Türkiye’ye gerçekleştirdiği ilk ziyaretler irdelenerek Türkiye’deki sanat çevresiyle ilişkilerinin nasıl ve kimler aracılığıyla başladığı ortaya konacaktır. Çalışma kapsamında kaynak ve verilere ulaşma sürecinde başlıca iki yöntem izlenmiştir: Öncelikle, çeşitli ulusal ve uluslararası arşivler ile veritabanlarında kapsamlı bir araştırma ve literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Daha sonra başta René Block’un kendisi olmak üzere Block’la ortak proje ve sergilerde çalışmış ya da herhangi bir şekilde o süreçleri gözlemleme, deneyimleme imkânı olan sanatçılar, küratörler, müze yöneticileri ve diğer uzmanlarla iletişime geçilerek görüşme ve/veya yazışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kütüphane ve arşivlerden ulaşılan her türlü yazılı-basılı-görsel-işitsel doküman ile gerçekleştirilen kişisel görüşme/yazışma ve söyleşilerden elde edilen yeni bilgi ve veriler makalede değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
6112 Sayılı Kanun ile İnternet Ortamından Yayınlara Uygulanacak Erişim Engelleme Kararlarında RTÜK Yetkisinin Kapsamı
Authors: ALUÇ DEMİREL Rümeysa
Published: June 2023

Günümüzde internet bağlantısının olduğu her alanda radyo, televizyon veya isteğe bağlı yayın hizmetine ulaşmak mümkün hale gelmiştir. Böylece geleneksel anlamda televizyon izleme veya radyo dinleme alışkanlıklarında internet teknolojisinin gelişimiyle farklı yayıncılık anlayışlarının ortaya çıktığı ifade edilmelidir. Geleneksel medyanın internet ortamından sunulabilir hale gelmesi toplumları ekonomik, ticari, kültürel ve sosyolojik açıdan etkilemiştir. İnternet ortamından yayıncılık son olarak hukuk zemininde ele alınmıştır. Görsel-işitsel hizmetleri kapsamına alan 6112 sayılı Radyo ve Televizyonların Kuruluş ve Yayın Hizmetleri Hakkında (“6112 sayılı Kanun”)Kanun’da yapılan bazı değişiklikler ile Radyo ve Televizyon Üst Kuruluna (“RTÜK”) yeni düzenleyici ve denetleyici görevler tanınmıştır. 2018 yılında kabul edilen 6112 sayılı Kanun’un 29/A yasa hükmü ile birlikte internet ortamından radyo, televizyon ve isteğe bağlı yayın denetim ve düzenleme kapsamına dahil edilmiştir. Bahsi geçen madde hükmünde internet ortamından yayın gerçekleştirmek isteyen medya hizmet sağlayıcı ve platform işletmecisine yönelik erişim engelleme, içerikten çıkarma, yayın durdurma ve para cezası gibi hükümler ihtiva etmektedir. Erişim engelleme yaptırımının önemi ele alındığında söz konusu kararın nasıl, ne şekilde, hangi durumlarda ve kimlere karşı uygulanacağının sınırlarının doğru tespit edilmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmada erişim engelleme kararlarının hangi yayın kuruluşlarına, hangi durumlarda verilebileceği, söz konusu kararın kimler tarafından doğrudan uygulanır olabileceği üzerinde durulacaktır. Ayrıca çalışmada internet ortamından yayıncılık hususunda yetkisi bulunan Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu (“BTK”) ve RTÜK arasındaki yetkiler tartışılacaktır.
Process Parameters Analysis of Ethylene Glycol-Water and Air-Glycol System in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, VSB Engineering College (An Autonomous Institution),  Karur - 639111, Tamil Nadu, India., Manikandan R
Published: June 2023

Process parameter analysis plays a vital role in today's modern world in all industries. The demand for energy consumption in industries has made designers build efficient heat exchangers. One of the most used heat exchangers is the shell and tube heat exchanger. This work is based on analyzing velocity profile, temperature, and pressure in shell and tube heat exchangers. Thermal analysis and flow analysis is considered as basic method to be performed along with some basic structural analysis by means of individual analysis of heat transfer components. The simulation also provides insights into the flow behavior and temperature distribution in the heat exchanger, which can be used for optimizing the design and operation of the device. Results based on those analyses are collected and experimented to get the required output values. In this study, we utilize COMSOL Multiphysics, a powerful computational tool for simulating heat transfer phenomena, to model and analyze the performance of a shell and tube heat exchanger. In this process, we use water - ethylene glycol system and an air- glycol system as a component in the shell and tube side. Across industries and disciplines, simulation modeling provides valuable solutions by giving clear insights into complex systems. The main objective of this study is to investigate the thermal performance of the heat exchanger by simulating the fluid flow and heat transfer processes inside the tubes and the shell. Keywords: shell and tube heat exchanger, analysis, thermal performance, comsol software.
Speaker Diarization: A Review
Authors:   RACE REVA University, Kumar Krishna
Published: June 2023

Speaker diarization is the task of determining "who spoke when?" in an audio or video recording that contains an unknown amount of speech and an unknown number of speakers. It is a challenging task due to the variability of human speech, the presence of overlapping speech, and the lack of prior information about the speakers. It is the process of labeling a speech signal with labels corresponding to the identity of speakers. It is a crucial task in audio signal processing and speech analysis. A recent review of speaker diarization research since 2018 can be found in this paper which discusses the historical development of speaker diarization technology and recent advancements in neural speaker diarization approaches. Key Words: speaker diarization, speaker clustering, speaker embeddings
Rookgordijnrapporten
Authors: Lunsing Jan R.
Published: June 2023

Rookgordijnrapporten

Een enkele keer is een herindeling omstreden. Dit was het geval bij de samenvoeging van de gemeente Haren met die van Groningen en Ten Boer. Het proces van deze herindeling was een politiek spel tussen de provincie Groningen enerzijds en burgers, de meerderheid van de raad en het college van Haren anderzijds. Bij dit politieke spel zijn meer dan twintig onderzoeken door externe bureaus en externe commissies uitgevoerd. Vijf van die onderzoeken werden door de provincie geïnterpreteerd als bewijs dat een zelfstandige toekomst voor de gemeente Haren niet haalbaar, of op zijn minst zeer onverstandig was. In dit artikel wordt onderzocht in hoeverre die vijf onderzoeken inderdaad daarvoor bewijs leveren. Hieruit blijkt dat de provincie vrij creatief is omgegaan bij het trekken van conclusies uit die rapporten. In zaaltjes in Haren, bij Statenvergaderingen en bij de behandeling in de Tweede Kamer zijn deze conclusies steeds ingebracht en konden of werden daar niet echt ter discussie gesteld. Zo verschaften de rapporten een rookgordijn, waarachter harde argumenten voor herindeling ontbraken.
Counter uses of the city: cultural consumption and gentrification
Authors: Leite Rogerio Proença de Sousa
Published: June 2023

This article argues that ennobled urban spaces are places of consumption, in which contemporary processes of gentrification promote a double movement: they make local cultural contents more flexible and, otherwise, they rehabilitate certain local cultural contents, aiming at the re-traditionalization of these spaces of urban consumption by insertion of local cultural events as a way of legitimizing urban interventions based on a supposedly common cultural tradition.
Indústria 4.0, marketing 4.0, universidade (menos) 4.0: considerações sob o prisma do senso comum
Authors: Góes Antônio Oscar Santos , Fontes Maria Josefina Vervolet , Maia Júnior Almeciano José , Santos Clemilda Gonzaga , Lauro Paulo César de Jesus Di , Dib Alfredo
Published: June 2023

É inegável o papel das universidades no desenvolvimento das sociedades. O seu contributo é perceptível no acervo de conhecimento. No ano de 2019, em uma mudança de governo federal brasileiro, da esquerda substituída pela direita, uma parte das comunicações sociais e do próprio governo questionaram o modelo de universidades públicas. Rapidamente reações favoráveis e desfavoráveis encadearam-se por todo o Brasil. A gestão das universidades está acompanhando as demandas do seio social? Respostas: em parte. A problematização versa sobre autonomia e controle. Sobre controle enfatiza-se eficiência, monitoramento produtivo, otimização, relação custo-benefício, desempenho, estes como sendo um tabu nas entidades de ensino.  E quando se fala em autonomia universitária, pensam-se independência, liberdade, autogoverno, autossuficiência, emancipação, soberania. Entretanto, autonomia requer, para além de essas definições, outras reflexões. As universidades públicas devem prestar contas à sociedade, leia-se: o quão beneficia os demandantes. Diante do exposto e das provocações governamentais e da mídia social, este paper discute alguns trabalhos científicos e opiniões jornalísticas como é vista as universidades (eficiência, eficácia e produtividade), como também a sua autonomia. O objetivo nuclear direciona-se para dois outros periféricos: expor reflexões acerca da gestão das universidades brasileiras sob o olhar governamental e recortes de jornais, no primeiro semestre de 2019; b) observar quais são os propósitos das universidades do século XXI exigidos na questão da autonomia. O referencial teórico trabalha a autonomia universitária e aspectos gerenciais. A pesquisa é qualitativa, bibliográfica, documental, telematizada, exploratória, iconográfica. Os resultados apontam que, no Brasil, mesmo com o avanço em publicações entre os anos de 2000 e 2019, as universidades contribuem de forma moderada com publicações, patentes e ranking quando confrontadas com as estrangeiras. Também, os procedimentos gerenciais como produtividade, controle, visão de mercado ainda são incipientes. Já a autonomia do pensar concreto e abstrato deve ser mantida e ampliada, sem esquecer de prestar contas à sociedade de onde é oriundo seus recursos para sobrevivência organizacional. Requer, então, um up grade das universidades 4.0 brasileiras ao modernizar, inovar, criar, pensar, filosofar, refletir, poetizar, ou seja, uma revolução ampla, impactante, disruptiva.
Maria Grzegorzewska's indications from 1918 on special education.Origins and activity of the State Institute for Special Pedagogics (19221976)
Authors: Kulbaka Jacek
Published: June 2023

The article presents Maria Grzegorzewska's indications regarding the need to organize special education in Poland after 1918. It is assumed that this is the first text by Grzegorzewska on this matter, published in the "Roczniki Polskiej Ligi Nauczania" [Annals of the Polish Teaching League]. Second part of the article is associated with the organization and activity of the State Institute for Special Pedagogics from 1922 to 1976.
Applying the stock evaluation models on the Bulgarian stock market
Authors:   Eurobank Bulgaria, Donev Doncho
Published: June 2023

This paper reviews the models for evaluation of shares and tests the applicability of each model for the Bulgarian stock market. After conducting series of research analyses by applying each model, the respective conclusions have been made regarding their applicability. An answer is given to the question which of the investigated stock evaluation models should be used to explain the obtained Bulgarian stock market returns and respectively to predict the future changes of this market. The models reviewed and tested are: САРМ, АРТ (regarding selected factors), the Fama Model and the French Model on the size and value, the Jagadeesh Model and the Titman Model on the momentum and a factor model on the effect of the liquidity on the expected yield.
İŞGÜCÜ PİYASALARINDA GÜVENCESİZLEŞME BAĞLAMINDA KAHVERENGİ YAKA İŞLER VE GÖÇMEN İŞGÜCÜ
Authors: Doğan Elif Tuğba
Published: June 2023

Geçmişten günümüze toplumlarda iyi iş-kötü iş ayrımı bulunmaktadır. Bazı işler prestijliyken bazıları kirli, tehlikeli ve zahmetli olmaları nedeniyle işgücü piyasasında cazip görülmezler. Ancak yine de bu işlerin yapılması gerekir ve uluslararası işbölümü çerçevesinde göçmen işgücü işleri üstlenir. ABD ve Fransa kaynaklı literatürde göçmenlerin yaptığı kötü işler için kahverengi yaka kavramı kullanılmaktadır. Türkçe literatürde ise kavram çevreyi kirleten işler ve işgücü piyasasında etnisite temelli ayrışma bağlamında yer almaktadır. Çalışmada kahverengi yaka işler, neoliberal ucuz işgücü rejimi ve güvencesizleşme bağlamında değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, hem göçmen işgücünün neden kötü işlerde istihdam edildiğini açıklamak hem de kahverengi yaka işler teriminin Türkçe literatürde kullanımını tartışmaya açmaktır.
Girit Örneğinde Müslüman Olmanın Ön Koşulu: Sünnet
Authors: ADIYEKE Nuri
Published: June 2023

17. yüzyılda Osmanlı topraklarına katılan Girit’te nüfus dengesi nüfus göçürme aracılığıyla değil ihtida aracılığıyla gerçekleşti. Adada ihtidalar çerçevesinde farklı komplikasyonlar yaşandı. Bunlardan biri de sünnet olmak idi. Müslüman olmanın koşullarından olan sünnet işlemi, özellikle sonradan Müslüman olanlar için, bazen bir problem oluşturabiliyordu. Nitekim Girit’te 17. ve 18. yüzyıllarda bazı Müslüman erkeklerin sünnet konusunda gevşek davrandıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Yönetim ise sünnet uygulamasını “şeriat-ı istimaletden” kabul ederek bu konuda gevşeklik gösterilmesinin önüne geçmeye çabalamıştır. Kaynaklarda sünnet ile ilgili bir başka problem de kripto Hristiyanların uygulamalarına dönük olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Kripto Hristiyanlarda sünnet işlemi sadece bir iz bırakan farklı uygulamaya işaret etmektedir.
Insomnia and workplace productivity loss among young working adults: a prospective observational study of clinical sleep disorders in a community cohort
Authors: Reynolds Amy C , Coenen Pieter , Lechat Bastien , Straker Leon , Zabatiero Juliana , Maddison Kath J , Adams Robert J , Eastwood Peter
Published: June 2023

Objective

To examine associations between three clinically significant sleep disorders (chronic insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea, restless legs syndrome) and workplace productivity losses among young Australian adults.

Design, setting

Prospective, observational study; 22‐year follow‐up of participants in the longitudinal birth cohort Raine Study (Perth, Western Australia).

Participants

Currently employed 22‐year‐old Raine Study participants who underwent in‐laboratory sleep disorder screening for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (apnoea–hypopnea index of more than fifteen events/hour or obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome) and were assessed for insomnia and restless legs syndrome using validated measures.

Main outcome measures

Total workplace productivity loss over twelve months, assessed with the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire.

Results

Of 1235 contactable 22‐year‐old Raine Study cohort members, 554 people (44.9%; 294 women [53%]) underwent overnight polysomnography, completed the baseline sleep questionnaire, and completed at least three quarterly workplace productivity assessments. One or more clinically significant sleep disorders were identified in 120 participants (21.7%); 90 participants had insomnia (17%), thirty clinically significant obstructive sleep apnoea (5.4%), and two restless legs syndrome (0.4%). Seventeen people (14% of those with sleep disorders) had previously been diagnosed with a sleep disturbance by a health professional, including fourteen with insomnia. Median total workplace productivity loss was greater for participants with sleep disorders (164 hours/year; interquartile range [IQR], 0–411 hours/year) than for those without sleep disorders (30 hours/year; IQR, 0–202 hours/year); total workplace productivity loss was 40% greater for participants with sleep disorders (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.40; bias‐corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval, 1.10–1.76). The estimated population total productivity loss (weighted for disorder prevalence) was 28 644 hours per 1000 young workers per year, primarily attributable to insomnia (28 730 hours/1000 workers/year).

Conclusion

Insomnia is a risk factor for workplace productivity loss in young workers. Tailored interventions are needed to identify and manage sleep disorders, particularly as most of the sleep disorders detected in the Raine Study had not previously been diagnosed.
Evidence for improving food security in Aboriginal communities in NSW
Authors: Davies Alyse , Gwynn Josephine , Flood Victoria , Allman-Farinelli Margaret , Dickson Michelle , Turner Nicole , Lock Mark
Published: June 2023

[placeholder] Aboriginal Affairs NSW, Department of Premier and Cabinet commissioned and funded this research and we extend our thanks for their support of this project. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and may not reflect those of Aboriginal Affairs NSW or the New South Wales Government.
Diversidad de las mariposas de la cadena montañosa de Licka Pljesevica, Croacia (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
Authors: Koren T. , Lauš B. , Tvrtković N. , Verovnik R.
Published: June 2023

Lička Plješevica es un alargado macizo montañoso situado en la region croata de Lika, en la frontera con Bosnia y Herzegovina. No fue una meta, de ninguna investigación sistemática de las mariposas y su fauna está pobremente estudiada. Durante nuestras inspeciones de 2007 a 2019, registramos 142 especies de mariposas de 71 localidades. Al mismo tiempo con los datos disponibles en la literatura, se registró un total de 152 especies localizadas en el macizo de Lička Plješevica. Esta es la segunda fauna más diversa de mariposas de una cadena de montaña en Croacia, detrás de la montaña de Velebit con 153 especies. No obstante, la composición de la fauna de ambas cadenas montañosas es similar, con, más o menos, la excepción de las especies de las montañas deLička Plješevica. Se discuten nuevas localidades de algunas especies con escasos registros en Croacia: Colias caucasica, Cupido osiris, Eumedonia eumedon, Plebejus argyrognom, Thecla betulae, Melitaea britomartis, Araschnia levana y Neptis rivularis. El abandono y la sobreesplotación han sido reconocidos como los factores potenciales más importantes de la causa, a largo plazo, de la disminución de las mariposas en la región.
Sobre la biología, ecología y conservación de Jordanita (Gregorita) hispanica (Alberti, 1937) (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Procridinae)
Authors: Efetov K. A. , Tarmann G. M.
Published: June 2023

Hasta ahora, los primeros estadios de Jordanita (Gregorita) hispanica (Alberti, 1937) solamente han sido descritos brevemente (EFETOV & TARMANN, 2003). En el presente trabajo se da una descripción más extensa, se presentan nuevos datos sobre la biología y la ecología y se dan los primeros estadios. Además, para la identificación exacta, se suministra la genitalia del macho y de la hembra y el ADN-código de barras.
Notas sobre algunas mariposas infrecuentes y escurridizas del Parque Nacional de Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh, India con el redescubrimiento de dos subespecies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
Authors: Das G. N. , Payra A. , Deepak CK , Chandra K.
Published: June 2023

El Parque Nacional de Namdapha está situado en el distrito de Changlang de Arunachal Pradesh, en la intersección de la zona de influencia biogeográfica Paleártica e Indo-Malaya. Por su puesto de esta peculiar posición abarca una vegetación y tipos de hábitats geográficos raros, Namdapha tiene una gran variedad de flora y fauna. Aquí informamos sobre la presencia ocho especies o subespecies infrecuentes y escurridizas en el Parque Nacional de Namdapha, concretamente Capila pieridoides (Moore, 1878), Plastingia naga (de Nicéville, [1884]), Salanoemia noemi (de Nicéville, 1885), Lotongussarala (de Nicéville, 1885), Pieris naganum(Moore, 1884), Erites falcipennis Wood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1883, Coelites nothis adamsoni Moore, 1891, Bassaronadurga splendens (Tytler, 1915). La subespecie C. nothis adamsoni . Pierisnaganum naganum se citan por primera vez, después de un espacio de más de un siglo y suministramos fotografías por primera vez, de individuos vivos de estas subespecies. E. falcipennis se registra por primera vez para el país después de su descripción en 1883. Estas conclusiones enfatizan la trascendencia del Parque Nacional de Namdapha como un área crucial protegida para las mariposas en el nordeste de la India.
Wheat phytase potentially protects HT-29 cells from inflammatory nucleotides-induced cytotoxicity
Authors: An Jeongmin , Cho Jaiesoon
Published: June 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of wheat phytase as a structural decomposer of inflammatory nucleotides, extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and uridine diphosphate (UDP) on HT-29 cells.Methods: Phosphatase activities of wheat phytase against ATP and UDP was investigated in the presence or absence of inhibitors such as L-phenylalanine and L-homoarginine using a Pi Color Lock gold phosphate detection kit. Viability of HT-29 cells exposed to intact- or dephosphorylated-nucleotides was analyzed with an EZ-CYTOX kit. Secretion levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) in HT-29 cells exposed to substrate treated with or without wheat phytase were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Activation of caspase-3 in HT-29 cells treated with intact ATP or dephosphorylated-ATP was investigated using a colorimetric assay kit.Results: Wheat phytase dephosphorylated both nucleotides, ATP and UDP, in a dosedependent manner. Regardless of the presence or absence of enzyme inhibitors (L-phenylalanine and L-homoarginine), wheat phytase dephosphorylated UDP. Only L-phenylalanine inhibited the dephosphorylation of ATP by wheat phytase. However, the level of inhibition was less than 10%. Wheat phytase significantly enhanced the viability of HT-29 cells against ATP- and UDP-induced cytotoxicity. Interleukin (IL)-8 released from HT-29 cells with nucleotides dephosphorylated by wheat phytase was higher than that released from HT-29 cells with intact nucleotides. Moreover, the release of IL-6 was strongly induced from HT-29 cells with UDP dephosphorylated by wheat phytase. HT-29 cells with ATP degraded by wheat phytase showed significantly (13%) lower activity of caspase-3 than HT-29 cells with intact ATP.Conclusion: Wheat phytase can be a candidate for veterinary medicine to prevent cell death in animals. In this context, wheat phytase beyond its nutritional aspects might be a novel and promising tool for promoting growth and function of intestinal epithelial cells under luminal ATP and UDP surge in the gut.
Effect of sous-vide cooking conditions on the physicochemical, microbiological and microstructural properties of duck breast meat
Authors: Shin Dong-Min , Yune Jong Hyeok , Kim Dong-Hyun , Han Sung Gu
Published: June 2023

Objective: Sous-vide cooking offers several advantages for poultry meat, including enhanced tenderness, reduced cooking loss, and improved product yield. However, in duck meat, there are challenges associated with using the sous-vide method. The prolonged cooking time at low temperatures can lead to unstable microbial and oxidative stabilities. Thus, we aimed to assess how varying sous-vide cooking temperatures and durations affect the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of duck breast meat, with the goal of identifying an optimal cooking condition.Methods: Duck breast meat (Anas platyrhynchos) aged 42 days and with an average weight of 1,400±50 g, underwent cooking under various conditions (ranging from 50°C to 80°C) for either 60 or 180 min. Then, physicochemical, microbial, and microstructural properties of the cooked duck breast meat were assessed.Results: Different cooking conditions affected the quality attributes of the meat. The cooking loss, lightness, yellowness, Hue angle, whiteness, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values of the duck breast meat increased with the increase in cooking temperature and time. In contrast, the redness and chroma values decreased with the increase in cooking temperature and time. Cooking of samples higher than 60°C increased the volatile basic nitrogen contents and TBARS. Microbial analysis revealed the presence of Escherichia coli and Coliform only in the samples cooked at 50°C and raw meat. Cooking at lower temperature and shorter time increased the tenderness of the meat. Microstructure analysis showed that the contraction of myofibrils and meat density increased upon increasing the cooking temperature and time.Conclusion: Our data indicate that the optimal sous-vide method for duck breast meat was cooking at 60°C for 60 min. This temperature and time conditions showed good texture properties and microbial stability, and low level of TBARS of the duck breast meat.
MiR-188-5p regulates the proliferation and differentiation of goat skeletal muscle satellite cells by targeting calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta
Authors: Jing Jing , Zhang Sihuan , Wei Jinbo , Yang Yuhang , Zheng Qi , Zhu Cuiyun , Li Shuang , Cao Hongguo , Fang Fugui , Liu Yong , Ling Ying-hui
Published: June 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-188-5p in the proliferation and differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells.Methods: Goat skeletal muscle satellite cells isolated in the pre-laboratory were used as the test material. First, the expression of miR-188-5p in goat muscle tissues at different developmental stages was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In addition, miR-188-5p was transfected into goat skeletal muscle satellite cells by constructing mimics and inhibitors of miR-188-5p, respectively. The changes of differentiation marker gene expression were detected by qPCR method.Results: It was highly expressed in adult goat latissimus dorsi and leg muscles, goat fetal skeletal muscle, and at the differentiation stage of muscle satellite cells. Overexpression and interference of miR-188-5p showed that miR-188-5p inhibited the proliferation and promoted the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells. Target gene prediction and dual luciferase assays showed that miR-188-5p could target the 3'untranslated region of the calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta (CAMK2B) gene and inhibit luciferase activity. Further functional studies revealed that CAMK2B promoted the proliferation and inhibited the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells, whereas si-CAMK2B restored the function of miR-188-5p inhibitor.Conclusion: These results suggest that miR-188-5p inhibits the proliferation and promotes the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells by targeting CAMK2B. This study will provide a theoretical reference for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle development in goats.
Composition and functional diversity of bacterial communities during swine carcass decomposition
Authors: Miguel Michelle , Kim Seon-Ho , Lee Sang-Suk , Cho Yong-Il
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study investigated the changes in bacterial communities within decomposing swine microcosms, comparing soil with or without intact microbial communities, and under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.Methods: The experimental microcosms consisted of four conditions: UA, unsterilized soil–aerobic condition; SA, sterilized soil–aerobic condition; UAn, unsterilized soil–anaerobic condition; and San, sterilized soil–anaerobic condition. The microcosms were prepared by mixing 112.5 g of soil and 37.5 g of ground carcass, which were then placed in sterile containers. The carcass-soil mixture was sampled at day 0, 5, 10, 30, and 60 of decomposition, and the bacterial communities that formed during carcass decomposition were assessed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.Results: A total of 1,687 amplicon sequence variants representing 22 phyla and 805 genera were identified in the microcosms. The Chao1 and Shannon diversity indices varied in between microcosms at each period (p<0.05). Metagenomic analysis showed variation in the taxa composition across the burial microcosms during decomposition, with Firmicutes being the dominant phylum, followed by Proteobacteria. At the genus level, Bacillus and Clostridium were the main genera within Firmicutes. Functional prediction revealed that the most abundant Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes metabolic functions were carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms.Conclusion: This study demonstrated a higher bacteria diversity in UA and UAn microcosms than in SA and SAn microcosms. In addition, the taxonomic composition of the microbial community also exhibited changes, highlighting the impact of soil sterilization and oxygen on carcass decomposition. Furthermore, this study provided insights into the microbial communities associated with decomposing swine carcasses in microcosm.
Die differenzierte Integration aus Sicht der Öffentlichkeit: eine umstrittene Handlungsoption
Authors: Winzen Thomas
Published: June 2023

This contribution discusses how the populations of the member states of the European Union (EU) view differentiated integration. I argue that public opinion is not generally positive, negative, or indifferent. Instead, three factors are decisive for the patterns of public support and opposition: the general attitudes of the populations and party elites, the benefits from and voluntary nature of specific proposals for differentiated integration for the affected countries, and the strength and salience of negative externalities for other member states. These factors suggest that proposals for differentiation in some important policy issues –⁠ ⁠f. ex. strengthening fiscal solidarity – would lead to significant controversies within and between the populations of the member states.
Differenzierte Integration – (k)ein Thema im politischen Diskurs der Mitgliedstaaten?
Authors: Telle Stefan
Published: June 2023

Recent political science research has shown the increasing differentiation of the European Union (EU) and it has worked out the associated opportunities and risks for effective and legitimate politics in the EU. This raises the question to what extent politicians in the member states pay attention to differentiated integration. Based on an analysis of official government documents and parliamentary minutes from 25 member states, this article shows that this form of integration was rarely politicized in national politics between 2004 and 2020. In national parliaments, it was mainly discussed around EU-treaty changes (around 2008), the euro crisis (around 2012) or during the debate on the future of Europe (around 2017). The final part of the paper shows that differentiated integration is discussed more frequently and more positively in French politics than in German politics.
Die Europäische Politische Gemeinschaft: multilaterale Koordination und differenzierte Integration in „Wider Europe“
Authors: Lippert Barbara
Published: June 2023

The founding of the European Political Community (EPC) was motivated by both geopolitics and integration policy. This article examines this new format from the perspective of summit diplomacy and as a sub-case of (external) differentiated integration in the Wider Europe. The first meeting of 44 heads of state and government in October 2022 was a demonstration of (geo-)political unity against Russia, which is waging a war of aggression on Ukraine and destroying the European security order. Participating states might also find it useful in the future to exchange views on the reordering of Europe in this high-level political forum. In contrast, it is unclear what added value the EPC can develop with regard to preparing the current ten (potential) candidate countries for membership in the European Union (EU). Moreover, the EPC has revived the political debate on partial and gradual integration and partial or staged membership. Still missing is a strategic positioning of the EU on how to deal with the nexus of its reform, enlargement and geopolitical role.
Bürgerliche Freiheit
Authors: Herb Karlfriedrich
Published: June 2023

This book asks about the concept of political freedom, its institutional expression and the possibilities of its historical mediation. The systematic reconstruction begins with Hobbes and ends with Constant. The presentation of the anatomy of the contractual oncept of freedom and its liberal criticism centers on the basic concepts of freedom - power - history.
Despotie der Vernunft?
Authors: Adam Armin
Published: June 2023

Die Politische Philosophie der Aufklärung hebt mit Thomas Hobbes' Versuch an, den Staat aus der Vernunft zu begründen. Die Crux aller neuzeitlichen Politischen Philosophie besteht darin, den Widerspruch von Freiheit und Unterwerfung aufzuheben. Die Vertragstheorie dient dazu, diesen Widerspruch zu lösen, indem der Staat aus dem Konsens derer begründet wird, die ihm unterworfen sein werden. Die Begründung für die Unterwerfung unter zwingende Institutionen liefert die Vernunft: Die Vernunft legt es nahe, Schranken für die willkürliche Freiheit zu akzeptieren. Das bedeutet aber, wie die Entwicklung von Hobbes bis Hegel erweist, die politische Identifizierung von Freiheit und Vernunft. Die Philosophie der Aufklärung kann den Staat nur noch in der Freiheit begründen. Doch gerade die Begründung des Staates aus Freiheit und Vernunft führt zum Absolutismus des Staates.
Immanuel Kant. Legitimität und Recht
Authors: Zotta Franco
Published: June 2023

Zeitgenössische Beiträge zur Rechtsphilosophie beziehen sich auf die Kantische Rechtslehre meist als die zentrale Referenzgröße. Zotta wendet sich gegen diese einseitig verherrlichende Kantrezeption. Er arbeitet die fundamentalen Schwächen des der Apriorität verpflichteten Rechtssystems Kants heraus und liefert eine ausgiebige Kritik der Forschungsliteratur. Entgegen der in der Kantforschung dominierenden Lesart belegt er den enormen systematischen Stellenwert, den die Geschichtsphilosophie in Kants Rechtstheorie einnimmt.

Mit Beiträgen von
Annemarie Pieper, Günther Bien und Karl-Heinz Nusser.
Vernunft und das Andere der Vernunft
Authors: Gloy Karen
Published: June 2023

Seit mehr als 2000 Jahren hat sich die Philosophie und Geistesgeschichte in Absetzung von dem teils unzugänglichen Übersinnlichen, teils indifferenten, diffusen Sinnlichen, Triebhaften, Natürlichen dem Programm der Einheit der Vernunft verschrieben. Damit hat sie den Logozentrismus des Abendlandes begründet, der in der Vernunft ein begründendes Denken sieht, das im Klassifikationssystem der Wissenschaften gipfelt. Erst die Postmoderne hat an die Stelle der einen Vernunft eine Pluralität von Vernunfttypen gesetzt, ohne diese jedoch zu definieren. Das Buch analysiert erstmals in der Geschichte verschiedene Denkformen, die zu unterschiedlichen Weltbildern führen: neben dem klassifikatorischen Typ, der für das mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Denken charakteristisch ist, die sumerische Listenmethode, das dialektische Denken und das analogische, das das neue Paradigma der Welterklärung zu werden verspricht.
Ordnung und Kontingenz
Authors: Hesse Heidrun
Published: June 2023

Die systemfunktionalistische Soziologie der Gegenwart, insbesondere Niklas Luhmanns, fordert die Philosophie heraus, indem sie die Ansprüche normativer Gesellschaftstheorie, die kontingente Welt des Sozialen vernünftig ansehen und gerecht gestalten zu können, zurückweiset. Eine Prüfung dieser Diagnose in weiter historischer und systematischer Perspektive zeigt die reduktionistischen Züge systemtheoretischer Ansätze auf. Zudem zeigt sich, dass die Skepsis gegenüber der Reichweite normativer Sozialintegration einen stärkeren Grund in der Sache hat, als mit systemtheoretischen Mitteln aufgedeckt werden kann. Hesse weist vielmehr in handlungstheoretischer Sicht die unvermeidliche Kontingenz sozialer Ordnung nach.
Umwelt, Natur und Moral
Authors: Hirsch Hadorn Gertrude
Published: June 2023

Die Philosophen Jonas, Hösle und Picht haben erkannt, dass die moralischen Fragen der Umweltproblematik alle Bereiche des menschlichen Handelns betreffen. Sie sehen die Umweltproblematik als ein Zeichen dafür, dass die Herrschaft der neuzeitlichen Vernunft ein metaphysisches Seinsprinzip verletzt und treten daher ein für einen Begriff absoluter Vernunft in der Tradition von Heideggers Seinsphilosophie, der in der technologischen Zivilisation Orientierung stiften kann. Doch werden die Begründungsprobleme einer ontologischen Ethik theologisch beantwortet, und den intrinsischen Zielkonflikten kollektiven Handelns kann nicht Rechnung getragen werden. Die Analyse der Bewertungsprobleme zeigt, dass ökologische, ökonomisch-technische und kontemplative Beziehungen des Menschen zur Natur bei der Bestimmung moralisch wünschenswerten Handelns wichtig sind: „Natur' ist nicht als ontologisches Prinzip gefragt.
Geschichte als Antwort und Versprechen
Authors: Liebsch Burkhard
Published: June 2023

Geschichte vom Widerfahrnischarakter historischer Erfahrung her zu verstehen ist der Ansatz dieser Untersuchungen. Unser erkennendes Fragen muss sich als Antwort angesichts einer Zäsur der europäischen Geschichte legitimieren, die im Spannungsfeld der Begriff Krieg, Genozid und Vernichtung auszuloten versucht wird. Dahinter steht die Überzeugung, dass es bei der Frage nach der Zukunft des Vergangenen und der Geschichte als dessen nachträglicher Deutung um den Anspruch der Vergangenheit auf die gegenwärtig Lebenden gehen muss. Vorgeschlagen wird ein Verständnis von Geschichte als Antwort, das vom unverfägbaren Worauf dieses Antwortgebens inspiriert ist und ihm gerecht zu werden verspricht. In kulturphilosophischer Perspektive wird so einer systematischen Vermittlung von Historik und Hermeneutik geschichtlicher Erfahrung zugearbeitet.