bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of drugs for the treatment of gastroparesis: evidence-based medicine data. Review
Authors: Tkach S. M.
Published: November 2023

Gastroparesis is a motility disorder of the upper gastrointestinal tract, characterized by delayed emptying of the stomach from solid substances, in the absence of any mechanical signs of obstruction of the stomach or duodenum. The etiology of gastroparesis is heterogeneous, but there are three well‑known subtypes: diabetic, iatrogenic, resulting from upper gastrointestinal surgery or medication, and idiopathic gastroparesis. Despite recently updated guidelines for the management of patients with gastroparesis, this condition remains difficult to diagnose and treat. A recent systematic review and network meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the efficacy and safety of all drugs tested in patients with gastroparesis. The only FDA‑approved drug is metoclopramide, a dopamine D2 antagonist and weak 5‑HT4 agonist, which in gastroparesis is approved for a maximum of three months of treatment due to endocrine, cardiac, and neurologic side effects. The results of the conducted meta‑analysis confirmed the effectiveness of dopamine antagonists in gastroparesis. Domperidone has been the subject of a warning due to an increased risk of QT prolongation on the electrocardiogram, but pharmacoepidemiological data suggest that this is rare, and ventricular arrhythmia occurs only in 0.02% of patients treated with the drug. A meta‑analysis suggested that clebopride, another dopamine antagonist, is an effective drug for gastroparesis, ranking first among effects on global symptoms, although this was shown in only one RCT, and the drug is not yet available in many countries, including the USA. The tachykinin‑1 antagonists aprepitant and tradipitant ranked third and fifth, respectively, for effects on global symptoms of gastroparesis, but when examined for effects on global symptoms according to drug class, they ranked second. Although 5‑HT4 agonists have not been shown to be sufficiently effective, trials of velosetrag are ongoing, and prucalopride was superior to placebo in a one cross‑over study included in the meta‑analysis.
Domestic researchers who have made important contributions to the study of digestive system diseases: images in art. Georgiy Yosypovych Burchynsky
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Linevska K. Y. , Suprun O. O. , Tsys O. V.
Published: November 2023

Georgiy Yosypovych Burchynsky (1908 — 1993) — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of Ukraine, and laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine. G. Y. Burchynsky, throughout his life, was brought up on the traditions of the Kyiv therapeutic school. A close relationship with the Kyiv therapeutic school largely determined his personality as a doctor, teacher, scientist, and head of the department. In the years 1954 — 1962, Georgiy Yosypovych was the head of the Department of Therapy at the School of Dentistry. Since 1962, he had been the head of the Department of Faculty Therapy at the Kyiv Medical Institute for 24 years. G. Y. Burchynsky paid much attention to the study of pulmonary pathology. Based on the research materials, the monograph «Suppurative processes in the lungs» was issued in 1950. In particular, G. Y. Burchynsky developed a pathogenetic classification of pulmonary suppurations. One of the first in Ukraine, he applied the technique of endobronchial administration of antibiotics, He developed and introduced into practice the technique of zonal, or local, instillation using a bronchoscope. Gastrointestinal diseases have always been in the focus of Kyiv therapeutic school. G. Y. Burchynsky paid special attention attention to the problems of peptic ulcers. As a result, new data were obtained about this disease, which is outwardly clear but inwardly mysterious. G. Y. Burchynsky and his colleagues did a detailed study on the course of peptic ulcers, even during wartime. They looked at the etiology, pathogenesis, changes in the ultrastructure of the gastric mucosa, general changes, and questions about pathogenetic therapy for this disease. Experimental studies on the model of reproduction of a hypothalamic ulcer, as well as the results of studying the ultrastructure of gastroduodenal mucosa, confirmed the importance of the disturbances of nervous trophism. An experimental study on the pharmacodynamics of anticholinergics, which suppress cholinergic stimulation of the stomach and duodenum, showed that they can be used in clinical practice as a way to treat peptic ulcer disease. Under the supervision of G. Y. Burchynsky, two doctoral dissertations on the problem of peptic ulcers were defended at the department. Observations and results of the studies, performed by Georgiy Yosypovych and his colleagues, are reflected in the papers and monographs, such as “Peptic Ulcer,” “Clinical Gastroenterology,” and the relevant chapters of multi­volume guidelines and the Big Medical Encyclopedia.
Improvement of Treasury Control Tools as a Measure to Increase the Efficiency of Budget Expenditures
Authors:   Federal Treasury Department for Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lukashov A. I. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the issues related to the need to improve the efficiency of budget funds. The author proposes to supplement the "classical" criteria of budget funds usage efficiency with the criterion of legality. The study summarizes and analyzes the results of control activities of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation and the Federal Treasury. In view of the significant number of violations detected by the state financial control bodies, the author concludes that it is necessary to improve the treasury control tools, such as treasury service, treasury support, budget monitoring and preliminary control in the field of procurement. The author also considers approaches to improving the operational efficiency of the use of budgetary funds. The empirical basis of the study are the results of the federal budget execution for the past five years, as well as indicators of the federal budget receivables. Special attention is paid to the prospects for the development of centralized budget accounting.
Analysis of the Transmission Mechanism of Public Investments: The Case of the DSGE Model
Authors:   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Votinov A. I. , Gribova V. A. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lazaryan S. S. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

This paper attempts to assess the impact of public investment within the framework of a simple DSGE model calibrated on Russian data. To this end, three versions of the DSGE model were constructed. The first model, referred to as the baseline model, assumes efficient allocation of public investment. The second model considers inefficient use of public investment when it is not fully converted into capital. The third model examines crowding out of private investment by public investment. The primary focus of this paper is to analyze the effects of public investment shock on various components of the economy. Two distinct effects are identified with regard to investment. The first effect relates to a short-term increase in demand due to an increase in investment activity. The size of this effect is strongly influenced by the crowding-out phenomenon, in particular by the ability of the economy to absorb investment effectively. The second effect is a reduction in marginal costs in the medium to long run, which facilitates economic growth even at the expense of increased private investment. This effect depends primarily on the efficiency of transformation of public investment into capital. The study also analyzes the sensitivity of the results to parameterization, including the degree of economic openness. The findings of the study explain the transmission mechanism of public investment, including the factors affecting its efficiency. It is important to note that the main objective of the study was to investigate the transmission mechanism and its determinants, while the next stage of the research is expected to include a comprehensive assessment of the parameters using Russian data.
PILAR PILAR EKONIMI ISLAM
Authors: Nurhayati Leny Marlina
Published: November 2023

Materi tentang pilar pilar ekonomi islam
Transaksi Ekonomi dalam Islam
Authors: Apriliani Dewi
Published: November 2023

Pengertian TransaksiTransaksi merupakan tindakan yang melibatkan setidaknya 2 pihak yang mengakibatkan berkurangmaupun bertambahnya harta yang dimiliki dengan melakukan pertukaran maupun cara lain atasdasar suka sama suka yang saling menguntungkan kedua belah pihak
Resume po ke 6
Authors: Indriyani Nolis Putri
Published: November 2023

Rangkuman perilaku organisasi pertemuan 7
CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS DE LA POBLACIÓN MIGRANTE VENEZOLANA Y COLOMBIANA CON HEPATITIS B REGISTRADOS EN EL VALLE DEL CAUCA DURANTE LOS AÑOS 2019 AL 2021.pdf (Version: 1)
Authors: Beltrán-Barrera Lilian
Published: November 2023

El proyecto de investigación se centra en abordar la problemática de la Hepatitis B (HB) en laspoblaciones migrantes venezolanas y colombianas en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, donde existeuna escasez de estudios sobre la prevalencia de esta enfermedad. Esta falta de información aumenta elriesgo de propagación de la infección de manera alarmante. Objetivo: Realizar un análisis comparativode las características sociodemográficas relacionadas con la Hepatitis B en estas dos poblaciones duranteel año 2019 al 2021. Metodología: Tipo y diseño de estudio: El estudio se llevará a cabo utilizando unenfoque observacional, retrospectivo y de corte transversal. Este tipo de estudio mide tanto laprevalencia de la exposición como del efecto en una muestra poblacional. Este estudio se desarrolló enel Departamento del Valle del Cauca, durante el año 2019 al 2021 teniendo en cuenta los 41 municipiosy casos que hayan sido notificados por SIVIGILA con ficha 340 de Hepatitis B. Resultados: Durantelos años 2019 al 2021se notificaron un total de 134 casos. En el año 2019 se presentaron 66 casos, deestos únicamente uno de los afectados era de origen venezolano. En el año 2020 se presentaron 37 casosy finalmente en el año 2021se presentan 31 casos. La hepatitis b durante los años 2019, 2020, 2021 sepresentó en mayor porcentaje en los estratos socioeconómicos 1 y 2. Conclusiones: los hallazgos deesta investigación en el contexto de la prevalencia de la hepatitis B entre la población migrante deColombia, especialmente en el Valle del Cauca, ha revelado la importancia de identificar los obstáculosque enfrentan estas comunidades para acceder a servicios sanitarios adecuados. Esta situación destacala imperiosa necesidad de no solo focalizar esfuerzos en combatir la hepatitis B directamente, sinotambién en mejorar las condiciones socioeconómicas que contribuyen a su propagación. De estamanera, la investigación ha evidenciado la necesidad imperante de comprender y actuar sobre lahepatitis B en el Valle del Cauca, considerando las particularidades de las comunidades migrantes, lasdinámicas socioeconómicas y las tendencias epidemiológicas cambiantes, con el fin de implementarpolíticas y programas de salud que aborden estas inequidades, garantizando un acceso equitativo aservicios médicos y promoviendo la educación preventiva.
Resume eksya ke 3
Authors: Indriyani Nolis Putri
Published: November 2023

Rangkuman ekonomi syariah pertemuan 4
Transfer Pricing_Nur Khalimatusadiah (03111200016)
Authors: Khalimatusadiah Nur
Published: November 2023

Definisi Transfer Pricing • Yaitu jumlah uang yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan setiap transfer barang/jasa antar RC, atau • Nilai uang yang dilekatkan pada suatu transfer barang/jasa pada transaksi yang melibatkan setidaknya salah satu dari kedua pihak yang terlibat adalah sebuah PL • Harga itu mencari elemen laba
Key language markers of depression on social media depend on race
Authors: Rai Sunny , Stade Elizabeth Cameron , Giorgi Salvatore , Francisco Ashley , Ungar Lyle H , Curtis Brenda , Guntuku Sharath Chandra
Published: November 2023

Depression has robust natural language correlates, and can increasingly be measured in language using predictive models. However, despite evidence that language use varies as a function of individual demographic features (e.g., age, gender), previous work has not systematically examined whether and how depression’s association with language varies by race. Here, we examined how race moderates the relationship between language features (i.e., first-person pronouns and negative emotions) and self-reported depression, in a matched sample of Black and White participants. Analyses revealed moderating effects of race: while depression severity predicts I-usage in White individuals, it does not in Black individuals. Negative emotion language use varies by race; as depression severity increased, White individuals used more belongingness and self-deprecation language, while Black individuals used more loneliness and worry language. Machine learning models trained to predict depression severity performed poorly when tested on Black individuals, even when they were trained exclusively using the language of Black individuals. In contrast, analogous models tested on White individuals performed relatively well. We ensured an equal number of Black and White individuals with similar age and gender distribution in our sample, thereby confirming that the performance disparity is not due to sampling bias. Our study reveals surprising race-based differences in the expression of psychological traits, like depression, in natural language, and highlights the need to better understand these effects, especially before language-based models for detecting psychological phenomena are integrated into clinical practice.
Using Immersive Virtual Reality to Explore Individual Differences in Animacy Perception: A Pilot Study
Authors: Savickaite Sarune , Quick Alycia , McDonnell Neil , Simmons David
Published: November 2023

Autism has been previously linked to differences in social cognition and sensory processing (Simmons et al, 2009). A classical measure of low-level social cognition is the Frith-Happé animations task which measures perceived animacy and “mentalizing” ability (mentalizing is the attribution of thoughts and feelings to others) (Abel et al., 2000). We have adapted this classic psychological paradigm to Virtual Reality (VR) and evaluated its feasibility. 3D versions of the Frith-Happé animations were constructed using the software package Unity. The animations had the appearance of solid triangles of different sizes moving on a ground plane. Participants viewed these animations in our VR lab wearing a standard Head-Mounted Display. White et al.’s (2011) multiple choice scoring system was used to categorize animations based on the perceived interaction of 3D geometrical shapes. Questionnaires were used to assess autistic traits of the 33 participants (aged 18-45). Participants’ verbal feedback indicated that the increased level of immersion available in VR helped them appreciate the animacy more. Immersive VR has thus been found to be an appropriate tool for investigating animacy and mentalizing ability.
Clinical and anamnestic predictors of the development of placental insufficiency
Authors:   Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Infancy Protection, Kalugina I.S. ,   Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Putilova N.V. ,   Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Infancy Protection; Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

Aim: To determine the predictors of placental insufficiency based on clinical and anamnestic data of patients with fetal growth retardation and impaired uteroplacental circulation. Study design: Longitudinal cohort comparative study. Materials and methods. The study included 140 patients with placental insufficiency diagnosed at 28–36 weeks gestation. Pregnant women were divided into three subgroups: 1st — 50 patients whose gestational period was complicated by fetal growth retardation (early and late phenotypes), 2nd — 50 patients with impaired uteroplacental circulation without fetal growth retardation, 3rd — 40 pregnant women with both fetal growth retardation phenotypes (early and late late) in combination with a violation of uteroplacental circulation. The comparison group was represented by 30 pregnant women without placental insufficiency at 28–36 weeks gestation. The data of somatic and obstetric-gynecological anamnesis, antrometric parameters of the examined patients and perinatal outcomes were analyzed. Results. The study of perinatal outcomes showed that newborns of women with placental insufficiency had statistically significantly lower weight and height indicators than in the comparison group, and moderate asphyxia (4–6 points) on the Apgar scale at the 1st and 5th minutes (p < 0.05). Placental insufficiency most often developed in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (odds ratio (OR) = 6.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) — 2.45–16.6; p < 0.05) and chronic pyelonephritis (in remission) (OR = 4.32; 95% CI — 0.98–19.1; p < 0.05), as well as in women with a history of medical abortions (OR = 3.18; 95% CI — 1.04–9.65; p < 0.05), non-developing pregnancies (OR = 6.69; 95% CI 2.22-20.17; p < 0.05) and abdominal delivery (OR = 3.60; 95% CI 1.03–12.5; p < 0.05). Acute respiratory viral infections were registered more often in patients of the main group than in the comparison group (OR = 0.19; 95% CI — 0.08–0.43; p < 0.05). Conclusion. Burdened somatic status (subclinical hypothyroidism, chronic pyelonephritis) and obstetric and gynecological history (medical abortion, undeveloped pregnancy) are associated with the risk of developing various manifestations of placental insufficiency. Timely prevention of pregnancy complications, correction of endocrine dysfunction and treatment of infectious pathology will improve gestational outcomes and reduce the frequency of perinatal complications. Keywords: placental insufficiency, pregnancy outcome, ultrasound diagnostics.
The influence of financial literacy and psychological factors on money market mutual fund investment decisions
Authors:   Program Studi Manajemen Keuangan, Akuntansi, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Indrastoto Muhammad Rayhan , Juwita Ratna ,   Program Studi Manajemen Keuangan, Akuntansi, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Published: November 2023

Indonesia has experienced economic growth after the Covid-19 pandemic, which was accompanied by an increase in the number of first-time investors, especially the millennial and z generations. However, the lack of financial and psychological literacy of each investor, especially beginners who are not mature enough, will affect investment decisions that are not optimal. This study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy and psychological factors on money market mutual fund investment decisions. This research is a type of quantitative research. Methods of data collection by distributing questionnaires to 395 respondents who meet the criteria. The method used is Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square. From the results of the study it was found that the T test on the independent variable Financial Literacy was 3,455 with a significance of 0.001, which means it has a significant effect on investment decisions, Emotion is 1,487 with a significance of 0.137, which means it does not have a significant effect on investment decisions, Social Interaction is 0.890 with a significance of 0.374, which means it is not significant effect on investment decisions, Considering The Past of 2.769 with a significance of 0.006, which means a significant effect on investment decisions. It is hoped that this research will provide insight to respondents that investment decisions can be measured using the level of financial literacy and psychological factors such as emotions, social interaction and considering the past.
Approximate mixed synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations
Authors: Li Tatsien , Rao Bopeng
Published: November 2023

We first show that under a suitable balanced repartition of the mixed controls within the system, Kalman’s rank condition is still necessary and sufficient for the uniqueness of solution to the adjoint system associated with incomplete internal and boundary observations, therefore for the approximate controllability of the primary system by means of mixed controls. Then we study the stability of the approximately synchronizable state by groups with respect to applied controls.
5-year adherence to adjuvant endocrine treatment in Dutch women with early stage breast cancer: A population-based database study (2006–2016)
Authors: van den Biggelaar Yannick J.P.G. , Kuiper Josephina G. , van der Sangen Maurice J.C. , Luiten Ernest J.T. , Siesling Sabine , van Herk-Sukel Myrthe , Voogd Adri C. , Mesters Ilse
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Hormonal receptor (HR) positive breast tumors are common. Adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) with tamoxifen or Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) is beneficial depending on the stage of the tumor. Despite the fact that AHT has been shown to improve survival and recurrence, Dutch adherence rates, which were mostly dependent on Tamoxifen prescriptions until 2006, plummeted from 80% after one year to 50% after five years. Nonadherence with AHT reduces its effectiveness. This research presents more recent adherence statistics (from 2006 to 2016), on a larger sample (7,996 vs 1,451), as well as factors that influence AHT adherence. In addition to tamoxifen data, AIs are now included. OBJECTIVE: As low use of adjuvant endocrine therapy is a potentially important and modifiable risk factor for poor outcome, it is important to monitor the rate as an indicator of women’s burden of disease and the direction of adherence trends. METHODS: The Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR) was used to find women with early-stage breast cancer who started AHT within a year of surgery and were linked to the PHARMO Database Network (n = 8,679). The Kaplan-Meier approach was used to measure AHT adherence five years after treatment was started, with a 60-day gap between refills as our primary outcome. Furthermore, the Medication Possession Rate (MPR) was determined using a cutoff of ≥80%. Analysis was performed on influential factors of adherence. RESULTS: The proportion of persistent women declined over time to reach 46.6% at the end of the fifth year and 53.3% of the women had a MPR ≥80% during the fifth year. Older and being diagnosed in 2006-2010 were associated with AHT adherence. CONCLUSION: Dutch 5-year AHT adherence appears to remain poor. Improving AHT adherence in HR+ breast cancer survivors is a critical medical need.
Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Neurological Mechanisms of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mani Shalini , Dubey Rajni , Lai I-Chun , Babu M. Arockia , Tyagi Sakshi , Swargiary Geeta , Mody Deepansh , Singh Manisha , Agarwal Shriya , Iqbal Danish , Kumar Sanjay , Hamed Munerah , Sachdeva Punya , Almutary Abdulmajeed G. , Albadrani Hind Muteb , Ojha Shreesh , Singh Sandeep Kumar , Jha Niraj Kumar
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of neuronal cells. With the increase in aged population, there is a prevalence of irreversible neurodegenerative changes, causing a significant mental, social, and economic burden globally. The factors contributing to AD are multidimensional, highly complex, and not completely understood. However, it is widely known that aging, neuroinflammation, and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), along with other free radicals, substantially contribute to oxidative stress and cell death, which are inextricably linked. While oxidative stress is undeniably important in AD, limiting free radicals and ROS levels is an intriguing and potential strategy for deferring the process of neurodegeneration and alleviating associated symptoms. Therapeutic compounds from natural sources have recently become increasingly accepted and have been effectively studied for AD treatment. These phytocompounds are widely available and a multitude of holistic therapeutic efficiencies for treating AD owing to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and biological activities. Some of these compounds also function by stimulating cholinergic neurotransmission, facilitating the suppression of beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1, α-synuclein, and monoamine oxidase proteins, and deterring the occurrence of AD. Additionally, various phenolic, flavonoid, and terpenoid phytocompounds have been extensively described as potential palliative agents for AD progression. Preclinical studies have shown their involvement in modulating the cellular redox balance and minimizing ROS formation, displaying them as antioxidant agents with neuroprotective abilities. This review emphasizes the mechanistic role of natural products in the treatment of AD and discusses the various pathological hypotheses proposed for AD.
Analysis of Costs for Imaging-Assisted Pharmaceutical Intervention in Alzheimer’s Disease with Lecanemab: Snapshot of the First 3 Years
Authors: Perron Jarrad , Scramstad Carly , Ko Ji Hyun
Published: November 2023

Background:

The approval of lecanemab for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States has sparked controversy over issues of safety, cost, and efficacy. Furthermore, the prognostication of cognitive decline is prohibitively difficult with current methods. The inability to forecast incipient dementia in patients with biological AD suggests a prophylactic scenario wherein all patients with cognitive decline are prescribed anti-AD drugs at the earliest manifestations of dementia; however, most patients with mild cognitive impairment (approximately 77.7%) do not develop dementia over a 3-year period. Prophylactic response therefore constitutes unethical, costly, and unnecessary treatment for these patients.

Objective:

We present a snapshot of the costs associated with the first 3 years of mass availability of anti-AD drugs in a variety of scenarios.

Methods:

We consider multiple prognostication scenarios with varying sensitivities and specificities based on neuroimaging studies in patients with mild cognitive impairment to determine approximate costs for the large-scale use of lecanemab.

Results:

The combination of fluorodeoxyglucose and magnetic resonance was determined to be the most cost-efficient at $177,000 for every positive outcome every 3 years under an assumed adjustment in the price of lecanemab to $9,275 per year.

Conclusions:

Imaging-assisted identification of cognitive status in patients with prodromal AD is demonstrated to reduce costs and prevent instances of unnecessary treatment in all cases considered. This highlights the potential of this technology for the ethical prescription of anti-AD medications under a paradigm of imaging-assisted early detection for pharmaceutical intervention in the treatment of AD.
Association of Age-Related Spontaneous Internal Jugular Vein Reflux with Cognitive Impairment and Incident Dementia
Authors: Adachi Utako , Toi Sono , Hosoya Megumi , Hoshino Takao , Seki Misa , Yoshizawa Hiroshi , Tsutsumi Yukiko , Maruyama Kenji , Kitagawa Kazuo
Published: November 2023

Background:

It remains unclear whether changes in the venous circulation contribute to cognitive decline.

Objective:

This study aimed to clarify whether the spontaneous jugular vein reflux (JVR) is associated with cognitive impairment and incident dementia.

Methods:

Patients with any evidence of cerebral vessel disease on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were consecutively enrolled between October 2015 to July 2019. We employed carotid duplex sonography to measure the internal jugular vein (IJV). The subjects were classified into two groups based on the degree of JVR on either side: none, mild (JVR(–) group) and moderate, severe (JVR (+) group) JVR. They underwent both the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Japanese (MoCA-J) global tests. Their cognitive status was prospectively assessed until March 2023.

Results:

302 patients with an MMSE score ≥24 underwent duplex sonography of the IJV. Among them, 91 had spontaneous JVR on either side. Both MMSE and MoCA-J were significantly lower in patients with JVR (+) group than in the JVR (–) group. After the adjustment for risk factors and MRI findings, intergroup differences in MoCA-J remained significant. Among the cognitive subdomains, median executive function and memory scores were significantly lower in the JVR (+) group than in the JVR (–) group. During the median 5.2-year follow-up, 11 patients with incident dementia were diagnosed. Patients with severe JVR were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with dementia (log-rank test, p = 0.031).

Conclusions:

Spontaneous IJV reflux especially severe JVR, was associated with global cognitive function, and potentially with incident dementia.
Ondes Martenot at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1937
Authors: Holubov Dmytro
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study is to reveal the figurative, semantic and symbolic specificity of the interpretation of the timbre of "Ondes Martenot" in line with the musical, cultural, and socio-political guidelines of the World Exhibition in Paris in 1937. Research methodology. Cultural-historical, interdisciplinary historical-cultural, as well as analytical-musicological methods were essential for this work. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it introduces for the first time into the circulation of art historians the materials related to the musical component of the artistic events of the Paris World Exhibition of 1937, voiced, including with the help of the timbralness of the "Ondes Martenot", which became the personification of the union of art and technology as a leading symbol of its shares. Conclusions. Interwar France, being at the edge of a difficult socio-political and cultural situation, grasped at the saving idea for it – the holding of another "World's Fair" in 1937, the slogan of which was chosen as the thesis – "Art and technology in modern life". Achieving the set goals and demonstrating to the whole world the high-tech side of France's existence became possible thanks to the musical part of the exhibition, namely "concert-performances" and night shows on the banks of the Seine – "Holidays of sound, water and light". An important component of most of these presentations is the electronic musical instrument "Ondes Martenot". As a result, the popularity of "concert-performances" and night extravaganzas "Saint of Light", the essential component of which were the spiritual and mysterious timbral features of the "Ondes Martenot", stimulated the aesthetic preferences of modernist composers. It was during this period that a significant part of the musical repertoire was created for this instrument, which was always connected precisely with the sphere of the Sacred and the Cosmic. This also marked the leading spiritual, social, and aesthetic guidelines of the World Exhibition of 1937, which, in the most difficult political situation on the eve of the Second World War, tried, including through the diverse involvement of the timbrality of the "Ondes Martenot" involved in the mysterious spectacular actions of this project, unite the human community and avoid global catastrophe.

Keywords: World Exhibition in Paris in 1937, "Feasts of sound, water and light", "concerts-spectacles", Ondes Martenot.
AUDIT KERENTANAN MENGGUNAKAN SQLMAP DAN RESERVE SHELL PADA WEBSITE STAFF BHAKTI SEMESTA
Authors: Puspa Ira Dewi Candra Wulan  , At Tafani Filah  , Rivort pormes  , Rohmatulloh Muhamad Ikhsanuddin
Published: November 2023

Dalam perkembangan teknologi informasi, keamanan data dan informasi menjadi yang sangat penting untuk menjaga integritas dan validitas Data, Sistem serta Jaringan komunikasi. Usaha penyusupan atau peretasan sering dilakukan oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggungjawab, tingkat keamanan yang rendah menjadikan para peretas dengan mudah mengakses data penting. berdasarkan hal tersebut peningkatan kualitas keamanan jaringan, website, server dan database harus selalu dilakukan secara berkala. Dasar peningkatan kualitas keamanan dapat dilakukan dengan audit sistem. Audit sistem dilakukan untuk mencari dan memperbaiki kerentanan sistem. Website staff bhakti semesta merupakan website yang digunakan untuk mengelola kinerja staff, sistem ini rentan untuk dimanipulasi karena berpengaruh dengan penerimaan tunjangan kinerja. Metode pentesting dari mulai scanning, enumeration, exploitation dan privilege escalation dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. SQLMAP dan Reserve Shell merupakan tools penunjang. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan kerentanan pada URL sehingga akses database sistem dapat dilakukan, akses tertinggi sebagai root pada sistem website juga dapat diakses.
СИСТЕМНЕ ТЛУМАЧЕННЯ НОРМ ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ПРАВА
Authors: МАРУСЯК Лідія
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню теоретичних питань системного тлумачення у цивільному праві. Особливістю системного тлумачення є те, що при ньому інтерпретується як вихідна норма, так й інші, пов'язані з нею норми. Системне тлумачення виходить із презумпції логічної єдності закону. Існуючі у законі протиріччя і прогалини при цьому сприймаються як відступ від загального правила. У результаті під системним способом тлумачення норми права необхідно розуміти спосіб з'ясування і роз'яснення норми права, сукупність прийомів, використання яких, засноване на зіставленні двох або більше норм, що регулюють різні сторони одного й того ж виду суспільних відносин, дозволяє розкрити системний зміст норми, що тлумачиться. Системне тлумачення норм права разом з іншими способами (граматичним, спеціально юридичним, логічним, історичним) у своїй сукупності забезпечує всебічне усвідомлення інтерпретатором сенсу та змісту норми, що тлумачиться. Теоретичні розробки проблематики системного тлумачення в цивільному праві визнаються одним з важливих і актуальних завдань цивілістики, оскільки тлумачення належить до легальних способів подолання прогалин, колізій та суперечностей у цивільному праві. З загальнотеоретичних позицій розглядається тлумачення норм права як системне явище, уточнюється поняття «системне тлумачення», визначається його функціональне призначення у цивільному праві, виявлені характерні риси та ознаки тлумачення у цивільному праві. Системне тлумачення визначається як інтелектуально-вольова діяльність, заснована на системності цивільного права, що охоплює весь механізм цивільно-правового регулювання та відбиває з одного боку внутрішній пізнавальний розумовий процес, що полягає у з'ясуванні сенсу та встановленні змісту норм цивільного права, так само як і об'єктивований зовнішній результат такого пізнавального (мислиневого) процесу у вигляді інтерпретаційного акту, юридичної рекомендації.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПРИ ЕКОЦИДІ
Authors: ЯВОРСЬКА Вікторія
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена аналізу поняття екологічної безпеки при вчиненні екоциду. Виникає загроза екологічній безпеці в період війни через можливість затоплення шахт, які викликають витік небезпечних речовин, потрапляння в річки та моря, забруднення повітря та грунтів, знищення лісів. Актуальність статті пояснюється необхідністю визначення поняття екологічної безпеки з позиції об’єкту екоциду. Наслідки від вчинення екоциду не можна повністю визначити, підрахувати, передбачити з причини проведення бойових дій, окупації території, проблем у кваліфікації екоциду та питань відшкодування збитків за шкоду, яка заподіяна екології нашої держави. Значна частина території замінована, що викликає загрозу для екологічної безпеки держави, нормального проживання, ведення сільського господарства на довгий період. Мета статті визначається проведенням аналізу вчинення екоциду під час війни, зокрема дослідження безпосереднього об’єкту злочину, яким виступають суспільні відносини у сфері забезпечення екологічної безпеки. З метою визначення поняття екологічної безпеки проведений аналіз юридичної наукової літератури та наукової літератури з екології, в яких вказано про виникнення загрози екологічній безпеці у вигляді негативного антропогенного впливу, можливості виникнення стихійного лиха чи катастрофи. Забезпечити екологічну безпеку держави можна за допомогою заходів, які направлені на вдосконалення та правильне застосування норм кримінального права та основних понять при визначенні екоциду. Потрібно підтримати позицію вчених відносно трьох напрямків значення поняття «екологічна безпека». В науковій літературі узагальнені наявні екологічні загрози для нашої держави, які виникли або посилилися внаслідок вчинення екоциду. Потребує подальшого дослідження поняття екоциду, вдосконалення правового регулювання екоциду, вивчення недоліків цього злочину з метою забезпечення екологічної безпеки та відновлення нашої держави.
Uludağ Üniversitesi'nin Erişkin Periton Diyalizi Deneyimi
Authors: BÜLBÜL Esra Nur , ORUÇ Ayşegül , YAVUZ Mahmut
Published: November 2023

Renal replasman tedavisi (RRT), son dönem böbrek yetmezliği olan hastalarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Periton diyalizi (PD), bir kateter aracılığıyla glukoz solüsyonunun periton boşluğuna verilerek belirli periyotlar halinde periton boşluğunda bekletilip boşaltılmasıyla uygulanır. Çalışmamızda Uludağ Üniversitesi'nde PD tedavisi uygulanan hastaların tüm klinik ve demografik özelliklerini (etyolojik nedenleri, böbrek nakli veya hemodiyaliz (HD) öyküsü, PD tedavi modaliteleri ve süresi, hepatit serolojisi, kateter enfeksiyonu ve peritonit öyküsü) araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmaya 99 erişkin hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 41,77 yıl olup çoğunluğu erkek idi. PD ortalama tedavi süresi 92,12 aydı. Hastaların 35'inin aletli periton diyalizi (APD), 43'ünün sürekli ayaktan periton diyalizi (SAPD), 21'inin ise tedavi süreci boyunca her iki modaliteyi de uyguladıkları saptandı. APD uygulanan hastalarda tedavi süresinin daha uzun ve peritonit sıklığının daha fazla olduğu saptandı. Hastaların %26,3'ünde kronik böbrek hastalığının altta yatan nedeni saptanmazken, %16,2 sıklıkta glomerülonefrit ve bunu %12 sıklıkta hipertansiyon ve ürolojik nedenlerin izlediği gözlendi. Hastaların %65,9'unda gram pozitif bakterilerin neden olduğu peritonit saptandı ve en sık görülen patojen, koagülaz negatif Stafilokoklardı. Sonuç olarak, merkezimizde PD tedavisi halen uygulanmakta olup modalite seçimi ve RRT seçeneklerinin değişimi açısından enfeksiyonlar temel sorunlardan biri olarak görünmektedir.
Childhood obesity in urban Ghana: evidence from a cross-sectional survey of in-school children aged 5-16 years
Authors: Ganle John Kuumuori , Boakye Priscilla , Baatiema Leonard
Published: November 2023

Background

Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern in many low-income urban settings; but its determinants are not clear. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of childhood obesity and associated factors among in-school children aged 5–16 years in a Metropolitan district of Ghana.

Methods

A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted among a sample of 285 in-school children aged 5–16 years. Pre-tested questionnaires and anthropometric data collection methods were used to collect data. Descriptive, bivariate, binary and multivariate logistic regression statistical techniques were used to analyse data.

Results

Some 46.9% (42.2% for males and 51.7% for females) of the children were overweight. Of this, 21.2% were obese (BMI falls above 95th percentile). Childhood obesity was higher in private school (26.8%) than public school (21.4%), and among girls (27.2%) than boys (19%). Factors that increased obesity risks included being aged 11–16 as against 5–10 years (aOR = 6.07; 95%CI = 1.17–31.45; p = 0.025), having a father whose highest education is ‘secondary’ (aOR =2.97; 95% CI = 1.09–8.08; p = 0.032), or ‘tertiary’ (aOR = 3.46; 95% CI = 1.27–9.42; p = 0.015), and consumption of fizzy drinks most days of the week (aOR = 2.84; 95% CI = 1.24–6.52; p = 0.014). Factors that lowered obesity risks included engaging in sport at least 3times per week (aOR = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.33–0.96; p = 0.034), and sleeping for more than 8 h per day (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.19–0.79; p = 0.009).

Conclusion

Higher parental (father) educational attainment and frequent consumption of fizzy drinks per week may increase obesity risks among in-school children aged 5–16 years in the Metropolitan district of Ghana. However, regular exercise (playing sport at least 3 times per week) and having 8 or more hours of sleep per day could lower obesity risks in the same population. Age and sex-appropriate community and school-based interventions are needed to promote healthy diet selection and consumption, physical activity and healthy life styles among in-school children.
Obstetric racism and perceived quality of maternity care in Canada: Voices of Black women
Authors: Boakye Priscilla , Prendergast Nadia , Bandari Bahareh , Anane Brown Eugenia , Odutayo Awura-ama , Salami Sharon
Published: November 2023

Background:

Obstetric racism in healthcare encounters impact on access to quality maternal healthcare for Black childbearing women yet remains underexplored in Canada. Understanding the experiences of Black Canadian women is critical to inform policy and create targeted interventions to address obstetric racism and advanced maternal health equity.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of obstetric racism and its influence on perceived quality of maternity care among Black women in Toronto, Canada.

Design:

Qualitative research was conducted using a critical qualitative inquiry approach.

Methods:

We conducted a semi-structured interviews with 24 Black women who were pregnant and/or have given birth in the last 3 years. The interviews explored their experiences seeking care during pregnancy/childbirth and perceived quality of care.

Results:

Two themes were generated through the process of thematic analysis: (1) Manifestations and Impacts of Obstetric Racism and (2) Strategies for Addressing Obstetric Racism. Narratives of being dismissed, objectified, dehumanized, trauma and paternalism were reflected in the accounts of the participants. These experiences undermined the quality of care, hindered therapeutic relationships and contributed to mistrust.

Conclusion:

Black women understood the nature and impact of obstetric racism as it relates to the quality of maternal health care, their safety, and well-being. Participants recommended the need for anti-Black racism training specific to caring of Black childbearing women and increasing Black healthcare provider representation in perinatal settings as strategies to address obstetric racism. Investment in Black maternal health research is urgently needed to generate meaningful evidence to inform policy and interventions to advanced maternal health equity.
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON JIWA YANG BERSEDIH SONG LYRICS
Authors: Putri Gita Ardiantari Ida Ayu , Ayu Dian Andriyani Anak Agung , Swabawa Ida Bagus Made Satya
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to analyze the message contained in the lyrics of the song “Jiwa Yang Bersedih” by using discourse analysis approach. The primary data in this research are the lyrics of the song entitled “Jiwa Yang Bersedih”. The song lyrics are taken from the sonora.id website. The data were then analyzed using discourse analysis theory which includes language, structure and context of song lyrics. This research used theory by Paltridge (2006) in analyzing discourse elements and Mitchell (2023) in analyzing the lyric structure. Based on the results of the analysis, the song reveals a well-structured composition with a conventional format comprising verses, choruses, an interlude, and an outro. Repetition of specific phrases, especially in the verses and choruses, underlines the empathetic message, emphasizing understanding and support for individuals grappling with sorrow. The narrative flow of the song takes the listener on a journey from an invitation to express emotions to a reaffirmation of strength and the promise of being heard, illustrating resilience in the face of challenges. Linguistic elements, including pronouns, metaphors, imagery, alliteration, and symbolism, are strategically used to establish a personal connection with the listener and vividly convey emotional struggles.
IMPLEMENTASI DISKUSI REFLEKSI KASUS (DRK) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN PERAWAT BEDAH DALAM MENCEGAH RETAINED SURGICAL ITEMS (RSI) DI RUANG BEDAH : STUDI KASUS
Authors: Kodariah Cucu , Suci Noor Hayati  , Eva Supriatin  , Tri Antika  , Asep Ermaya
Published: November 2023

Pendahuluan : Insiden keselamatan pasien merupakan salah satu indikator yang menilai mutu suatu pelayanan Kesehatan. Dalam dua dekade terakhir, Retained Surgical Items (RSI) telah menjadi kejadian sentinel yang sering dilaporkan. Konsistensi, efektifitas merupakan hal yang harus dimiliki oleh petugas yang bekerja di ruang operasi. Praktik klinik yang efektif mampu memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang profesional, dinamis, komprehensif dengan sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang terintegrasi dalam pemecahan masalah. Diskusi Refleksi Kasus (DRK) merupakan salah satu bentuk peningkatan profesionalisme tenaga kesehatan karena mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam menerapkan SOP untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Tujuan: Mengetahui penerapan DRK untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam pencegahan RSI dan faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat kepatuhan perawat dalam pencegahan RSI. Metode: deskriptif dengan studi pustaka dan studi kasus, pelaksanaan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kepatuhan perawat dalam mencegah RSI sebelum dan sesudah melaksanakan DRK. Hasil: review artikel bermanfaat dalam meningkatkan mutu keperawatan, terdapat peningkatan kepatuhan perawat dalam mencegah terjadinya RSI setelah DRK dilaksanakan dengan faktor predisposisi SDM antara lain kepemimpinan, panutan, budaya kerja dan keterampilan, faktor pemungkin yaitu metode pencegahan RSI dan kebijakan penghitungan item bedah yang konsisten, faktor pendorong dengan pemantauan dan evaluasi berkelanjutan. Kesimpulan: Penerapan DRK meningkatkan critical thinking dan kemampuan subjek dalam mencegah RSI.
Türkiye’de Uluslararası Göç ve Refah İlişkisi: Kitlesel Göçler Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Adar Aslı Şahankaya , Çelik Betül Urhan
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de uluslararası göç ve refah ilişkisi incelenmektedir. İlk olarak, Türkiye’ye yönelen kitlesel göçlerin, sosyal demokrat refah rejimine sahip ülkelerdekinin aksine, refah çekim etkisinden bağımsız olarak gerçekleştiği ileri sürülmektedir. İkinci olarak Türkiye’nin uluslararası göç politikalarının zaman içerisinde esnekleşmesine bağlı olarak göçmenlerin refahının azaldığı tartışılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’ye yönelen kitlesel göçler, Türkiye’nin göç politikası bağlamında ele alınmakta ve bu politikaların göçmenlerin refahına etkisi incelenmektedir. Türkiye’de uluslararası göç ve refah ilişkisinin dönüşümünü daha detaylı analiz edebilmek amacıyla kitlesel göçler 1923-90 ve 1990 sonrası olmak üzere dönemselleştirilerek ele alınmaktadır. 1923-90 döneminde, Türkiye ile balkan ülkeleri arasındaki göç anlaşmalarına dayanan, ulusallaşma stratejisinin bir parçası olarak düzenli-kitlesel göçler görülmektedir. Bu anlaşmalarla, göçmenler için iş ve mesken desteği yapılarak refaha katkı sağlanmaktadır. 1990’lar sonrasında ise esnek göç politikalarının bir sonucu olarak düzensiz-kitlesel göçler hakimdir. Bu dönemde göçün düzensiz niteliği göçmenlerin refaha erişimini zorlaştırmaktadır. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’de uluslararası göç ve refah ilişkisinin yaklaşık son 30 yıl içerisinde enformelleştiği görülmektedir.