bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barrieren für eine integrierte Verkehrsplanung in deutschen Kommunen
Authors: Rammert Alexander
Published: June 2019

Dieser Diskussionsbeitrag begibt sich auf die Suche nach den Barrieren für einen integrierten Verkehrsplanungsprozess in deutschen Kommunen, ausgestattet mit neuen Erkenntnissen aus der Mobilitäts- und Politikfeldforschung. Mit einer Diskussion der einzelnen Planungsebenen werden eingangs die planungswissenschaftlichen Anforderungen formuliert und mit Beispielen aus dem In- und Ausland hinterlegt. Anschließend werden die theoretischen Ansprüche auf ihre Nutzbarkeit für die Praxis geprüft. Neben der häufig untersuchten Planungspraxis spielt besonders die politische Praxis eine nicht zu unterschätzende Rolle, die über den Erfolg oder Misserfolg der Verkehrsplanung entscheidet. Eine nähere Betrachtung der administrativen und politischen Prozesse bei der Verkehrsplanung ermöglicht Problemfelder zu identifizieren und Lösungsansätze zu entwerfen.
Aus Desastern lernen
Authors: Bull Hans Peter
Published: June 2019

Schwerwiegendes Versagen der Verwaltung wird selten umfassend aufgearbeitet. Mit einigen der größten „Verwaltungsdesaster“ haben sich zwar Gerichte befasst, über andere haben parlamentarische Untersuchungsausschüsse beraten; gleichwohl sind manche nicht oder nur unzureichend aufgeklärt worden. Der Konstanzer Verwaltungswissenschaftler Wolfgang Seibel hat es unternommen, vier besonders dramatische Fälle zu analysieren und Konsequenzen daraus zu formulieren. Aus einer ganz anderen Perspektive hat der Unternehmensberater und zeitweilige Präsident des Berliner Landesamtes für Gesundheit und Soziales (LAGeSo) Sebastian Muschter seine Erfahrungen während der Flüchtlingskrise 2015/16 beschrieben und Empfehlungen zusammengestellt, die helfen sollen, künftig solches Behördenversagen zu vermeiden.
Resolving the synonymy and polyphyly of the ‘Drosophila bakoue species complex’ (Diptera: Drosophilidae: ‘D. montium species group’) with descriptions of two new species from Madagascar
Authors: Yassin Amir , Suwalski Arnaud , Raveloson Ravaomanarivo Lala H.
Published: June 2019

The ‘D. bakoue species complex’ Rafael, 1984 (‘D. montium species group’ Da Lage et al., 2007) comprises seven Afrotropical species. Using complete mitochondrial genome sequences and detailed morphological analysis, we revised the phylogenetic relationships between these species including two new ones. We found the ‘D. bakoue species complex’ to be a junior synonym of the ‘D. seguyi species complex’ Lachaise, 1971 and its seven species polyphyletic. We thus classified the species into three complexes, the ‘D. seguyi species complex’ comprises D. seguyi Smart, 1945, D. malagassya Tsacas & Rafael, 1982, D. curta Chassagnard & Tsacas, 1997 and D. chocolata sp. nov., the new ‘D. tsacasi species complex’ comprises D. tsacasi Bock & Wheeler, 1972 and D. seguyiana Chassagnard & Tsacas, 1997, and the new ‘D. vulcana species complex’ comprises D. vulcana Graber, 1957 and D. mylenae sp. nov. Drosophila bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise, 1974 could not be assigned to any of the defined complexes. The two new species are endemic to Madagascar and we report the presence of D. seguyi and D. curta in Mayotte and Madagascar, respectively. The results hence represent a significant step towards understanding the diversity and evolution of this species group in Africa and the islands of the Western Indian Ocean.
Validation of a Next-Generation Sequencing Assay Targeting RNA for the Multiplexed Detection of Fusion Transcripts and Oncogenic Isoforms
Authors: Sussman Robyn T. , Oran Amanda R. , Paolillo Carmela , Lieberman David , Morrissette Jennifer J. D. , Rosenbaum Jason N.
Published: June 2019

Context.—

Next-generation sequencing is a high-throughput method for detecting genetic abnormalities and providing prognostic and therapeutic information for patients with cancer. Oncogenic fusion transcripts are among the various classifications of genetic abnormalities present in tumors and are typically detected clinically with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). However, FISH probes only exist for a limited number of targets, do not provide any information about fusion partners, cannot be multiplex, and have been shown to be limited in specificity for common targets such as ALK.

Objective.—

To validate an anchored multiplex polymerase chain reaction–based panel for the detection of fusion transcripts in a university hospital–based clinical molecular diagnostics laboratory.

Design.—

We used 109 unique clinical specimens to validate a custom panel targeting 104 exon boundaries from 17 genes involved in fusions in solid tumors. The panel can accept as little as 100 ng of total nucleic acid from PreservCyt-fixed tissue, and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens with as little as 10% tumor nuclei.

Results.—

Using FISH as the gold standard, this assay has a sensitivity of 88.46% and a specificity of 95.83% for the detection of fusion transcripts involving ALK, RET, and ROS1 in lung adenocarcinomas. Using a validated next-generation sequencing assay as the orthogonal gold standard for the detection of EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) in glioblastomas, the assay is 92.31% sensitive and 100% specific.

Conclusions.—

This multiplexed assay is tumor and fusion partner agnostic and will provide clinical utility in therapy selection for patients with solid tumors.
Not Just in English: Government Information in Other Languages
Authors: Canfield Jane
Published: June 2019

In a 1995 response letter to a request from Senator Richard Shelby to identify how many government documents are published in languages other than English, the General Accounting Office (GAO) identified 265 documents published from 1990 to 1994. Of those documents, 50 had been published by the Social Security Administration, and 83 percent were written in Spanish. Today, a quick search in the Catalog of Government Publications (CGP) identifies 7,047 documents in Spanish.
Assentamentos rurais e as possíveis relações com as dinâmicas de desmatamento na Amazônia: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: De Avila Silvia Regina Starling Assad , Bernardi Jose Vicente Elias , Couto Junior Antonio Felipe , De Avila Mario Lucio
Published: June 2019

Resumo: Para melhor contemplar e entender a relação existente entre desmatamento no norte do Mato Grosso e sua relação com os assentamentos presentes na região, o objetivo deste texto foi apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre assentamentos rurais e possíveis relações com as dinâmicas de desmatamento na Amazônia, pontualmente buscando responder aos questionamentos: 1). Quais os autores têm mais influenciado os estudos na área (até os dias atuais)?  2). Quais periódicos têm dado destaque ao assunto? e 3). Qual o estado da arte na discussão? Para tal, foi escolhida a base de dados SCOPUS para consulta, através da combinação de diferentes palavras chaves relacionadas ao assunto.  Os resultados apontaram que os autores que se dedicam ao tema estão no eixo entre Europa, EUA e Brasil e que o assunto se prolifera através de quatro principais periódicos que primam pela interdisciplinaridade e por isso integram economia, ecologia, gestão florestal, além de estudarem políticas públicas e   sistemas socioeconômicos sustentáveis. A revisão aponta três fases distintas do processo de uso e ocupação do solo na região, entretanto, não se pode colocar essas fases em uma sequência linear e descontextualizadas das dinâmicas de mercado, ações políticas e pressões de organizações ambientalistas nacionais e internacionais.
50 Years of ITAL/JLA
Authors: Lund Brady
Published: June 2019

Over five decades, Information Technology and Libraries (and its predecessor, the Journal of Library Automation) has influenced research and practice in the library and information science technology. From its inception on, the journal has been consistently ranked as one of the superior publications in the profession and a trendsetter for all types of librarians and researchers. This research examines ITAL using a citation analysis of all 878 peer-reviewed feature articles published over the journal’s 51 volumes. Impactful authors, articles, publications, and themes from the journal’s history are identified. The findings of this study provide insight into the history of ITAL and potential topics of interest to ITAL authors and readership.
Moving Forward with LITA
Authors: Kim Bohyun
Published: June 2019

Final column by outgoing LITA President Bohyun Kim.
Online Ticketed-Passes
Authors: Davis Jeffrey
Published: June 2019

Reviews the arrival of and technology supporting online ticketed-pass programs in libraries. These programs allow library patrons to reserve single-day tickets to local attractions of all kinds. Offerings began with traditional museums but now include science centers, zoos, gardens, performances, tours, classes, and more. Further discussed is the new service delivery paradigm this represents: complementary to in-house offerings, librarians are brokering and facilitiating public access to non-library resources in their region to meet member needs.
A general one-sided compactness result for interpolation of bilinear operators
Authors: Da Silva Eduardo Brandani , Fernandez Dicesar Lass
Published: June 2019

The behavior of bilinear operators acting on the interpolation of Banach spaces in relation to compactness is analyzed, and an one-sided compactness theorem is obtained for bilinear operators interpolated by the ρ interpolation method.
The complex moment problem: determinacy and extendibility
Authors: Cichoń Dariusz , Stochel Jan , Szafraniec Franciszek Hugon
Published: June 2019

Complex moment sequences are exactly those which admit positive definite extensions on the integer lattice points of the upper diagonal half-plane. Here we prove that the aforesaid extension is unique provided the complex moment sequence is determinate and its only representing measure has no atom at $0$. The question of converting the relation is posed as an open problem. A partial solution to this problem is established when at least one of representing measures is supported in a plane algebraic curve whose intersection with every straight line passing through $0$ is at most one point set. Further study concerns representing measures whose supports are Zariski dense in $\mathbb{C} $ as well as complex moment sequences which are constant on a family of parallel “Diophantine lines”. All this is supported by a bunch of illustrative examples.
O impacto na dívida pública ocasionado por meio das transferências realizadas pelo Tesouro Nacional ao BNDES a partir de 2009: uma análise funcional no contexto da crise econômico-financeira internacional
Authors: Nascimento Jefferson , Morettini Felipe Tadeu Ribeiro
Published: June 2019

O artigo busca realizar uma análise sobre o conceito jurídico de dívida pública, bem como eventuais limites a ela impostos pelo ordenamento, e a posição que as transferências adquirem dentro desta definição e do orçamento público. Será identificado o posicionamento ocupado pelo BNDES dentro da Administração e as funções que ele desempenha atualmente. Em seguida, serão apontados alguns problemas nos campos jurídicos e econômicos suscitados pela concessão dos subsídios em determinado período de tempo. Por fim, serão analisadas, levando-se em conta, sempre, o trade-off existente entre gastos despendidos e riscos assumidos, as compatibilidades entre os problemas apontados e as definições e conceitos levantados, dentro de um contexto instrumental do Direito em um quadro de atuação estatal na busca pelo desenvolvimento, para que se possa chegar a algumas conclusões elucidativas, as quais poderão ser objeto de trabalhos futuros.
A (in)constitucionalidade da vaquejada: desacordos, integridade e backlash
Authors: Lopes Filho Juraci Mourão , Cidrão Taís Vasconcelos
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho propõe uma reflexão acerca da decisão que declarou a inconstitucionalidade de lei estadual regulamentadora da vaquejada. Realiza-se análise dos votos apresentados na ADI 4.983 para denunciar, inicialmente, graves desacordos teóricos subjacentes às manifestações dos ministros no concernente ao que sejam os precedentes judicias e como eles vinculam, assim como o que seja o Direito e a que ele se volta. Será demonstrado que a melhor maneira de apreender esse tipo de desacordo é com a proposta de Direito como integridade de Dworkin, enriquecido com alguns aportes de hermenêutica filosófica. Com esse referencial teórico será denunciada a quebra de coerência e integridade da decisão, mesmo considerado o que restou assentado nos precedentes citados (“farra do boi” e rinha de galos). Essa quebra substancial será apontada com a causa do backlash do poder constituinte derivado, que aprovou emenda constitucional para descaracterizar como cruéis práticas esportivas com animais declaradas manifestações culturais por lei. Essa reação evidencia que o Supremo Tribunal Federal não soube expressar adequadamente os princípios de moral política incidentes no caso.
Estrutura e fundamentalidade da norma de imunidade tributária
Authors: Pimenta Paulo Roberto Lyrio , Werneck Leandro Aragão
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho versa sobre o estudo das imunidades tributárias sob a perspectiva da teoria das espécies normativas e dos direitos fundamentais. A partir da revisão de bibliografia sobre o tema, apoiado em grande parte nas concepções de Robert Alexy, busca-se as premissas teóricas necessárias para a compreensão do instituto, sob o ponto de vista da teoria dos direitos fundmentais. É a partir da definição do instituto, do conhecimento sobre a sua estrutura e sobre a posição que ocupa no sistema constitucional tributário que se poderá firmar as bases para a interpretação e aplicação dos enunciados constitucionais que regulam essa matéria. Ao final do estudo, serão lançadas as conclusões de que a imunidade pode ser vista como norma definidora de critério negativo de competência e que obedece, necessariamente, a estrutura de norma-regra. Pela função que exerce no âmbito do Estado de Direito e na sua relação com o cidadão, é norma que expressa o direito à liberdade, dotada de fundamentalidade formal e material que lhe asseguram o atributo de direito fundamental, hierarquicamente superior no microssistema do Direito Constitucional brasileiro, sendo, por isso, insuscetível de reforma.
Cartéis em licitações públicas sob o enfoque da Análise Econômica do Direito. Os incentivos legais à livre concorrência são suficientes para tornar o custo de um cartel superior ao seu benefício?
Authors: Aguiar Júlio Cesar , Daher Lenna , Tabak Benjamin Miranda
Published: June 2019

Licitações tem como objetivo selecionar a proposta mais vantajosa para a Administração Pública. Para atingir esse objetivo, é essencial a existência de um mercado de livre concorrência entre os participantes do certame. Assim, o Direito estabelece incentivos, punindo os comportamentos das firmas que praticam atos anticoncorrenciais para impedir o caráter competitivo das licitações. E por que ainda assim persiste a ocorrência de comportamentos colusivos nas licitações? O presente artigo pretende utilizar os instrumentos da Análise Econômica do Direito para avaliar se os incentivos legais são suficientes para tornar o custo de um cartel superior ao seu benefício. Dentre os incentivos, os acordos de leniência previstos na legislação antitruste (Lei 12.529/2011) tem se mostrado um relevante incremento no custo para a colusão, diante do cômputo do risco de que um dos participantes do cartel delate os demais, em troca de imunidade ou de redução das penalidades. A metodologia escolhida foi a revisão da literatura e de pesquisas empíricas, para estruturar estudo jurídico propositivo.
Litigância como estratégia de fortalecimento da governança climática: reflexões para o contexto brasileiro
Authors: Borges da Cunha Kamyla , Rei Fernando
Published: June 2019

O artigo tem como tema a litigância climática, entendida como litígios que requerem, do Poder Judiciário ou de instâncias administrativas, decisões que direta ou expressamente abordam questões, fatos ou normas jurídicas relacionadas, em sua essência, às causas ou impactos das mudanças climáticas. O objetivo do artigo é trazer ao debate algumas questões relacionadas à litigância climática que podem ser relevantes no contexto brasileiro, apresentando casos concretos já decididos ou em andamento outras jurisdições. Para a sua elaboração, adotou-se como metodologia o levantamento de referencial bibliográfico, trazendo, em especial, exemplos de ações judiciais já decididas ou em andamento extraídas do direito comparado que ilustram algumas das reflexões que se mostram relevantes para a doutrina e a jurisprudência brasileiras. O artigo conclui destacando que, no Brasil, iniciativas específicas de litigância climática ainda são recentes, mas já adiantam algumas reflexões para a doutrina e a construção da jurisprudência, podendo-se mencionar o entendimento das emissões de gases de efeito estufa como poluentes e as consequências daí decorrentes em termos de incidência do arcabouço regulatório em vigor no país; as discussões em torno da comprovação da causalidade e a consequente responsabilização civil objetiva; e a definição da jurisdição competente.
A metamorfose do mundo: novos conceitos para uma nova realidade
Authors: Serraglio Diogo Andrela , Ferreira Heline Sivini
Published: June 2019

Livro de Ulrich Beck
Assessing the size of the affordability problem in scholarly publishing
Authors: Grossmann Alexander , Brembs Björn
Published: June 2019

For many decades, the hyperinflation of subscription prices for scholarly journals have concerned scholarly institutions. After years of fruitless efforts to solve this “serials crisis”, open access has been proposed as the latest potential solution. However, also the prices for open access publishing are high and are rising well beyond inflation. What has been missing from the public discussion so far is a quantitative approach to determine the actual costs of efficiently publishing a scholarly article using state-of-the-art technologies, such that informed decisions can be made as to appropriate price levels. Here we provide a granular, step-by-step calculation of the costs associated with publishing primary research articles, from submission, through peer-review, to publication, indexing and archiving. We find that these costs range from less than US$200 per article in modern, large scale publishing platforms using post-publication peer-review, to about US$1,000 per article in prestigious journals with rejection rates exceeding 90%. The publication costs for a representative scholarly article today come to lie at around US$400. We discuss the additional non-publication items that make up the difference between publication costs and final price.
Evolution of limb development in cephalopod mollusks
Authors: Tarazona Oscar A , Lopez Davys H , Slota Leslie A , Cohn Martin J
Published: June 2019

Cephalopod mollusks evolved numerous anatomical novelties, including arms and tentacles, but little is known about the developmental mechanisms underlying cephalopod limb evolution. Here we show that all three axes of cuttlefish limbs are patterned by the same signaling networks that act in vertebrates and arthropods, although they evolved limbs independently. In cuttlefish limb buds, Hedgehog is expressed anteriorly. Posterior transplantation of Hedgehog-expressing cells induced mirror-image limb duplications. Bmp and Wnt signals, which establish dorsoventral polarity in vertebrate and arthropod limbs, are similarly polarized in cuttlefish. Inhibition of Bmp2/4 dorsally caused ectopic expression of Notum, which marks the ventral sucker field, and ectopic sucker development. Cuttlefish also show proximodistal regionalization of Hth, Exd, Dll, Dac, Sp8/9, and Wnt expression, which delineates arm and tentacle sucker fields. These results suggest that cephalopod limbs evolved by parallel activation of a genetic program for appendage development that was present in the bilaterian common ancestor.
Family history of Alzheimer’s disease alters cognition and is modified by medical and genetic factors
Authors: Talboom Joshua S , Håberg Asta , De Both Matthew D , Naymik Marcus A , Schrauwen Isabelle , Lewis Candace R , Bertinelli Stacy F , Hammersland Callie , Fritz Mason A , Myers Amanda J , Hay Meredith , Barnes Carol A , Glisky Elizabeth , Ryan Lee , Huentelman Matthew J
Published: June 2019

In humans, a first-degree family history of dementia (FH) is a well-documented risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the influence of FH on cognition across the lifespan is poorly understood. To address this issue, we developed an internet-based paired-associates learning (PAL) task and tested 59,571 participants between the ages of 18–85. FH was associated with lower PAL performance in both sexes under 65 years old. Modifiers of this effect of FH on PAL performance included age, sex, education, and diabetes. The Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele was also associated with lower PAL scores in FH positive individuals. Here we show, FH is associated with reduced PAL performance four decades before the typical onset of AD; additionally, several heritable and non-heritable modifiers of this effect were identified.
Cretaceous dinosaur bone contains recent organic material and provides an environment conducive to microbial communities
Authors: Saitta Evan T , Liang Renxing , Lau Maggie CY , Brown Caleb M , Longrich Nicholas R , Kaye Thomas G , Novak Ben J , Salzberg Steven L , Norell Mark A , Abbott Geoffrey D , Dickinson Marc R , Vinther Jakob , Bull Ian D , Brooker Richard A , Martin Peter , Donohoe Paul , Knowles Timothy DJ , Penkman Kirsty EH , Onstott Tullis
Published: June 2019

Fossils were thought to lack original organic molecules, but chemical analyses show that some can survive. Dinosaur bone has been proposed to preserve collagen, osteocytes, and blood vessels. However, proteins and labile lipids are diagenetically unstable, and bone is a porous open system, allowing microbial/molecular flux. These ‘soft tissues’ have been reinterpreted as biofilms. Organic preservation versus contamination of dinosaur bone was examined by freshly excavating, with aseptic protocols, fossils and sedimentary matrix, and chemically/biologically analyzing them. Fossil ‘soft tissues’ differed from collagen chemically and structurally; while degradation would be expected, the patterns observed did not support this. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that dinosaur bone hosted an abundant microbial community different from lesser abundant communities of surrounding sediment. Subsurface dinosaur bone is a relatively fertile habitat, attracting microbes that likely utilize inorganic nutrients and complicate identification of original organic material. There exists potential post-burial taphonomic roles for subsurface microorganisms.
Sociality and Magical Language
Authors: Jackson Jeffrey
Published: June 2019

On a certain reading, the respective theories of Freud and Nietzsche might be described as exploring the suffered relational histories of the subject, who is driven by need; these histories might also be understood as histories of language. This suggests a view of language as a complicated mode of identifying-with, which obliges linguistic subjects to identify the non-identical, but also enables them to simultaneously identify with each other in the psychoanalytic sense. This ambivalent space of psychoanalytic identification would be conditioned by relational histories. On one hand, this might lead to conformity within a system of language as a shared, obligatory compromise formation that would defend against the non-identical; magical language, typified in Freud’s critique of animism and in Nietzsche’s critique of “free will” guided by absolute normative signifiers (“Good” and “Evil”), would be symptomatic of this sort of defense. On the other hand, given other relational histories, it may produce the possibility for more transitional modes of identification, and thereby modes of language that can bear its suffered histories, and lead to proliferation of singular compromise formations. It is suggested that while the former is historically dominant, Nietzsche and various psychoanalytic thinkers contribute to conceiving of the possibility of working ourselves towards the latter.
Photoprotection practices, knowledge and sun-related skin damage in Spanish beach handball players
Authors: De Castro-Maqueda Guillermo , Gutierrez-Manzanedo Jose Vicente , Lagares-Franco Carolina , Linares-Barrios Mario , de Troya-Martin Magdalena
Published: June 2019

Background

Outdoor sports are a risk activity for skin cancer, especially if adequate sun protection measures are not used. The aim of this study is to examine the photoprotection habits of outdoor (beach) handball players, and to determine the relation between duration of sports practice, photoprotection behaviour and sun-related damage to the skin.

Methods

This cross-sectional study is based on a health survey of sun exposure and protection habits and practices conducted among beach handball players in southern Spain. This survey provided data for a descriptive and comparative analysis, by groups and gender, of photoprotection and skin self-examination practices.

Results

Among the whole sample, 76.9% had suffered at least one sunburn event during the last year. By groups, 73.97% of the older participants (Group I, University students) and 81.25% of the younger ones (Group II, youngers players) reported this outcome, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.003). With respect to photoprotection, 68.5% of the players in group I and 66.7% of those in group II used sun cream with a protection factor of 30 or higher, although 52.1% of group I and 35.4% of group II did not reapply it. As concerns self-examination, 94.5% of group I and 87.5% of group II had not examined their body for skin damage during the previous year. Medical examination revealed the presence of lentigines and freckles among many players, with no significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusions

Beach handball players are highly exposed to the effects of ultraviolet radiation and often take insufficient measures of sun protection. Programmes should be designed and implemented to raise awareness among adolescent and young adult sport competitors of the risks of skin cancer associated with their sports activity and to encourage them to improve their photoprotection and skin monitoring practices.
Prevalence of Ectoparasitic Infection of Rodents Captured near Student’s Hostels: Zoonotic Implications
Authors: Mustapha Tijjani , Unyah Ngah Zasmy , Majid Roslaini Abd , Abdullahi Sharif Alhassan , Wana Nasiru Mohammed
Published: June 2019

Background and Aims: Rodents constitute more than 42% of the known mammalian species, with 1700 species which belongs to three different families, include Muridae, Microtidae, and Sigmodontidae. Rodents species such as R. r. diardii and R. norvegicus play an important role as hosts for ectoparasites and reservoirs for various types of viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, protozoa, and helminths which are responsible for causing zoonotic diseases to humans and other vertebrate animals. The aim of this work is to identify the species of mites, ticks, and fleas causing diseases to humans and determined the prevalence of infestation in relation to gender, age, and habitat of the rodents.

Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia, Between September 2018 and March 2019.

Methodology: Wild rats were captured using live traps from garbage areas, and places near the cafeteria in the student’s residential colleges at University Putra Malaysia. The rats were humanely euthanised and identified. They were classified as adult or juveniles. Their sex was also determined. Ectoparasites were collected by combing the fur the rodents on to a white plan sheet paper. The ectoparasites collected were washed and mounted with Hoyer’s media on a glass slide. Parasites were identified using a key morphological feature.

Results: A total of 89 wild rats were trapped and examined for ectoparasites. Eight different species of ectoparasites that comprised of L. echidnanus, L. nuttalli, O. bacoti, I. granulatus, Heamaphysalis sp., P. spinoluso, H. pacifica, X. cheopis) were identified from the rodents examined. About 55% of the rodents trapped were positive for at least one species of ectoparasite parasites, and about 45.8% of the male rats and 30.8% of female were positive for ectoparasites. Meanwhile, in the adult, 42.9% are positive for at least one species of ectoparasites, whereas 32.2% of the juvenile rodent was also found positive for at least one species of ectoparasites.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that rodents trapped from the student’s colleges in University Putra Malaysia are infected with various ectoparasites species that might play an important role in the transmission of certain zoonotic diseases to humans. Therefore, we conclude that there is potential risk of rodent-borne zoonotic diseases transmission to humans in the study area. Awareness of prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases should be introduced to educate the students on the importance of zoonotic diseases associated with rodents.
Effect of Storage Containers on the Microbial Load of Domestic Water from Three Sources Treated with Moringa oleifera and Citrullus lanatus Seed Powders
Authors: Ndubuisi Oha , Iheukwumere Ijeoma , Okereke Hope C. , Ekeleme Uzochukwu G.
Published: June 2019

Aim: The effect of storage containers on the microbial load of domestic water from three sources treated with Moringa oleifera and Citrullus lanatus seed powders in Lekwesi, Abia State was assessed.

Study Design: The jar test method was used for the treatments. One gram (1.0g) each of the plant seed (Moringa oleifera and water melon seeds) was weighed and was added separately into 1000 ml of water samples in the different storage containers (clay lined pots, iron/steel tanks and polypyrene plastic drums, respectively). The mixture was stirred rapidly for 3 minutes and allowed to stand undisturbed for 1 hour, after which the top water was decanted.

Place and Duration of Study: Advanced Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gregory University Uturu, from May to July, 2018.

Methodology: Tenfold serial dilutions was used for processing of all the water samples, after which the volume of exactly 0.5ml of the water sample was planted on the media using the spread plate method and incubated appropriately and other standard microbiological methods were employed to determine microbial loads.

Results: The river water samples had the highest microbial load of 1.2x103-2.0x108cfu/ml and were reduced to 1.8x107cfu/ml and 1.8x108cfu/ml by M. oleifera and C. lanatus seed powders after an hour of storage respectively. The well water samples had the least microbial counts of 0.9 x101-1.2 x104 cfu/ml, and were reduced to 0.5x101cfu/ml and 5.9 x103cfu/ml by M. oleifera and C. lanatus seed powders respectively.  The potential pathogenic bacteria (TPPB) were reduced to 3.0 x102cfu/ml by M. oleifera, while C. lanatus was unable to reduce the TPPB after an hour. The microbial load decreased constantly within 24h in the various storage containers (steel, clay and plastic), but increased steadily from 72h to the 336h of post storage. The clay-lined and iron-steel pots maintained the same microbial counts after 4h post storage, but differed significantly after 24h, while the polypyrene plastic drum had the highest microbial count. There was absence of TPPB and Total Faecal Coliform Count (TFCC) in the well water samples after the treatment with M. oleifera.

Conclusion: M. oleifera was found to be a better water treatment than C. lanatus, while the clay-lined pot served as the best domestic water storage container.
Effects of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) and Uziza Leaf (Piper guineense) on Electrolytes, Urea and Creatinine of Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Franca Okoye Ngozi , Ikenna Igwilo, Elvis
Published: June 2019

Aim: For centuries, plant and plant products have played a pivotal role in medication. This study evaluated the effect of aqueous extract of black seed (Nigella sativa) and uziza leaf (Piper guineense) on electrolytes, urea and creatinine of Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats were used for the study; the rats were arranged into five groups with five rats each. Sucrose and margarine were used to induce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia respectively on the rats with the exception of the rats in the positive control group.  The rats in the negative control were induced using the sucrose and margarine but were not treated using the aqueous extracts. The rats in the uziza group were treated with 2 ml of uziza aqueous leaf extract, while the rats in the black seed group were treated with 2 ml of black seed aqueous extract. The rats in the black seed & uziza leaf group were treated with 2ml of the combined aqueous extract.

Results: The results showed that the extracts had a decreasing effect which was time dependent on the electrolytes. The highest decrease was obtained on the third week of feeding compared to the control (P=.05). The sodium levels (mmol/L) showed for the negative control (198.23 ± 1.96), positive control (108.15 ± 1.60), uziza leaf (98.28 ± 4.17), black seed (101.67 ± 4.24), black seed & uziza (90.83 ± 2.14).  The decrease for potassium levels (mEq/L) showed for the negative control (0.90 ± 0.06), positive control (0.05 ± 0.10), uziza leaf (0.07 ± 0.18), black seed (0.06 ± 0.19), black seed & Uziza (0.05 ± 0.10). Furthermore, the extracts also had a reducing effect on urea and creatinine levels with the highest reduction obtained on the third week (p=0.05).  The urea levels (mmol/L) showed for the negative control (26.84 ± 0.05), positive control (15.15 ± 1.20), uziza leaf (12.83 ± 0.98), black seed (12.16 ± 2.01), black seed & uziza (11.48 ± 1.78). The extracts also decreased creatinine levels (mmol/L) with the negative control (284.58 ± 0.33), positive control (182.73 ± 3.67), uziza leaf (194.16 ± 18.30), black seed (167.34 ± 14.66), black seed & uziza (174.46 ± 10.66). 

Conclusion: The extracts significantly decreased the elevated electrolytes levels and therefore uziza leaf and black seed can be used to restore kidney function.
Yield and Tissue Calcium Concentration of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruit as Influenced by Calcium Source and Time of Application
Authors: Bitange N. M. , Chemining’wa G. N. , Ambuko J. , Owino W. O.
Published: June 2019

The effect of varied calcium sources, applied at different times and rates, on the yield and calcium concentration of mango fruit were investigated. “Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control).  The calcium sources were sprayed at the rates of 1%, 1.5% , 2% or 0% (control)  during  three different stages of fruit development i.e. fruit set, 30 days after fruit set and 30 days to physiological maturity. The experiment was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons at Karurumo, Embu County, Kenya. This orchard has been found to have low calcium levels. These experiments were laid in a completely randomized block designs with a split, split plot arrangement replicated three times. The results indicated that spraying with calcium significantly affected the weight, breadth, number and the total weight of fruits/tree. The concentration of calcium in the fruit flesh was also significantly increased by the application of calcium and a direct relationship between calcium concentration and yield attributes was reported. Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective in enhancing the fruit weight, breadth, number of fruits and the total weight of fruits. Application of calcium at fruit set was found to be the most effective in enhancing the yield. Further investigations need to be done to determine the effect of these calcium sources on the quality of fruits and the optimal rate as there was an increase in the yield with an increase in the rates.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Adherence to Malaria Microscopy Diagnosis in the Treatment of Out-patients at Kisumu County Referral Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Fredrick , Atieli Harrysone , Njoroge Stephen , Sang David
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study sought to assess factors that influence adherence to malaria microscopy diagnosis in the treatment of out-patients in the hospital.

Methods: From April to June 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered on clinicians and microscopists, while prescription practices of pharmacy personnel and clinicians were observed. To determine microscopy performance, systematically sampled thick blood smears, which had been used to diagnose malaria in out-patients were re-examined for presence or absence of malaria parasites by independent expert microscopists. Each thick blood smear was re-examined by two independent expert microscopists, and in case of discordant results a tie-breaker expert provided reference results for performance measures. Test validity and reliability were determined using Graph Pad Prism v5.01.

Results: Three (30%) clinicians strictly (100%) adhered to malaria microscopy diagnosis during treatment of out-patients, had refresher training on malaria case management and were aware that the laboratory participates in national quality assurance (QA) scheme. At the pharmacy-level adherence to microscopy results during treatment was generally 100% and >98% for clinicians. However, 13 (11%) malaria false-positive participants still received Artemether-Lumefantrine. Of 375 selected blood slides, 118(31.5%) were read as positive at the health facility, while 105 (28%) were read as positive by the experts, (P <0.01). Overall, 96% of test results were concordant with expert reference. The overall inter-reader agreement between hospital diagnosis and experts microscopists was κ=0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96). Sensitivity was; 99.1% (95% CI: 94.9-100), specificity; 95.2% (95% CI: 91.9-97.4), Positive Predictive Value; 89% (95% CI: 81.9-94) and Negative Predictive Value; 99.6 (95% CI: 97.9-100).

Conclusion: Our results show commendable adherence to malaria microscopy during treatment of out-patients in Kisumu County Referral Hospital. Refresher training on malaria case management for clinician and awareness by clinicians that the hospital laboratory participates in national QA scheme had positive influence on the adherence to malaria microscopy during treatment of out-patients. Malaria microscopy test validity and reliability were commendable
Spaces of Environmental Conflicts in the Buffer Zones for the Protected Area of the State Park Mata Do Pau Ferro in Areia – Paraiba
Authors: Marques Ailson de Lima , Moura Debora Coelho , Costa Cássio Ricardo Gonçalves Da , Lima José Ayron Moraes De , Lucena Ana Luíza de Melo , Crispim Joabe Freita , Souza Jaltiery Bezerra De
Published: June 2019

The National System of Conservation Units has defined a buffer zone as an area around a Conservation Unit, where activities must be subject to specific standards, in order to minimize negative impacts on ecosystems. Based on this discussion, this research uses remote sensing and geoprocessing and has as objectives: to map the use and occupation of the land, to simulate the buffer zone and to characterize the spaces of social and environmental conflicts of the State Park Mata do Pau Ferro, Areia-PB. Through the mapping of use and occupation was identified that the Park has 600 ha. Of these, 492 ha (82%) present a spectral response of forest vegetation (Seasonal Semideciduous Forest) in different successional stages, 54 ha (9%) represent clearings, with pioneer vegetation (Poaceaea and shrub), which present the same response spectral of crops and pastures, and 54 ha (9%) is the Vaca Brava reservoir, which presents its Permanent Preservation Area. The spaces of conflict are the protagonists of the buffer zone and summed represent 600 ha or 75% of the area. This fact can be considered an aggravating factor because all these economic activities are not being monitored and spatially symbolize a high degree of edge effect. Integrated management between the Conservation Unit and its buffer zone in this situation is urgent and should involve the surrounding social sectors, especially rural producers. An alternative would be the payment for Environmental Services and incorporate the agroforestry system.
The Earthquake Song to Improve Early Childhood’s English Vocabularies in Indonesia
Authors: Ardini Pupung Puspa , Hela Mohamad Topan Riswan , Syahputra Hijrah , Djuko Rapi Us , Arifin Irvin Novita , Laiya Sri Wahyuningshih
Published: June 2019

The research was conducted with the aim to know the effect of music and movement on the vocabulary abilities of english words of early childhood in kindergarten of children 5-6 years old in Indonesia. This is an experimental research using pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted On January and early February 2019. The subjects of this study were group B, which amounted to 30 children 16 boys and 14 girls. The object of this research is the ability of english vocabulary in children. the data about the ability of english vocabulary of children through giving the performance assessment instruments. From the results of the research obtained, the influence between music and movement on the english vocabulary abilities of children with PV values = 5.311 with a total R-value of 68 or 0.683 r is higher than r-total using polled variance with a significance level of 5% or 0, 05. While the results of the t-test show that the value of t = -8.34 and t-table 0.683, in other words, the t-score is higher than the t-table or p-value> alpha then H0 is rejected or Ha is accepted. There is an influence of motion and song on children's vocabulary abilities in kindergarten of children 5-6 years old. Through music and movement, children can learn vocabulary effectively and concretely. Children do every component of language, listening, speaking, reading, and writing also moving.
The Negative Effect of Time Budget Pressure to Auditor Independence and Professional Skepticism
Authors: Yustina Andi Ina , Gonadi Stephanie Angelica
Published: June 2019

This research examines whether time budget pressure affect professional scepticism and if so, whether the affect is mediated by auditor independency. A web-based survey is used in deploying and delivering questionnaires to 163 auditors from big four and non-big four in Jakarta. The result shows that auditor independency (AI) is partially mediated the relationship between time budget pressure (TBP) and professional scepticism (PS). Which means, external auditor in Jakarta who experiencing high time pressure will tend to decrease their independency and resulted a low scepticism. Seeing this result, this study suggests by increasing number of audit team member, set the number of minimum supporting evidence and having supervisor to monitor auditor’s job, will help to minimize the negative effect of time pressure.
PEGARUH IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT TERKAIT MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN DI YOUTUBE DAN CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE TERHADAP MINAT BERKARIER MAHASISWA UNTUK BEKERJA DI LUAR NEGERI
Authors: Saputri Sekar Dewanti Wiryaning , Alexandrina Elke
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklan layanan masyarakat terkait Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN di Youtube dan cultural intelligence terhadap minat berkarier mahasiswa untuk bekerja di luar negeri. Konsep yang digunakan adalah dimensi periklanan,  cultural  intelligence,  dan  minat. Metode  penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Populasi  penelitian  ini  adalah  mahasiswa  Universitas  Trisakti  Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis. Data dalam penelitian  ini  diolah  menggunakan  Partial  Least  Square  (PLS)  dengan  program aplikasi  smartPLS  3.0.  Dari  hasil  penelitian  ini  diketahui  bahwa  iklan  tidak berpengaruh  terhadap  minat,  cultural  intelligence  berpengaruh  terhadap  minat, sedangkan  kontribusi  dari  iklan  layanan  masyarakat  terkait  Masyarakat  Ekonomi ASEAN di Youtube dan Cultural Intelligence  terhadap Minat berkarier mahasiswa untuk bekerja di luar negeri adalah sebesar 66% dan 34% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Saran yang didapat dari hasil penelitian ini untuk penelitian serupa yang akan datang  adalah  penelitian  faktor-faktor  lain  berupa  efektivitas  iklan,  penggunaan animasi pada iklan atau penggunakan musik pada iklan
PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL BIGO LIVE DAN KEPUASAN DIRI TERHADAP AKTUALISASI DIRI PADA HOST OFFICIAL BIGO LIVE DI JABODETABEK
Authors: Lasmana Herlan , Arista Lutfiah
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini mengenai pengaruh media sosial Bigo Live dan kepuasan diri terhadap aktualisasi diri. Kehadiran media sosial Bigo Live di kalangan masyarakat menjadi suatu fenomena yang banyak diperbincangkan. Munculnya beberapa motif para host Bigo Live Indonesia dalam menggunakan dan mencari sebuah kepuasan diri terhadap penggunaan aplikasi tersebut, membuat peneliti ingin mengetahui seberapa banyak pengaruh antara penggunaan media sosial Bigo Live dan Kepuasan diri terhadap pembentukan aktualisasi diri para host Bigo Live Indonesia. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh langsung masing-masing variabel media sosial Bigo Live dan kepuasan diri terhadap aktualisasi diri, serta menguji pengaruh media sosial Bigo Live bila dikombinasikan dengan kepuasan diri terhadap aktualisasi diri. Teori utama dalam penelitian ini adalah teori model komunikasi SMCR yang dikembangkan oleh David K. Berlo. Model komunikasi Berlo yang dikenal dengan model SMCR yaitu kepanjangan dari Source (sumber), Message (pesan), Channel (Saluran), dan Receiver (penerima). Peneliti ini mengunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Host Official Bigo Live Indonesia yang berdomisili di JABODETABEK yang ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Apabila melihat pada hasil analisis data melalui analisis jalur, ditemukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh langsung dari masing-masing variabel media sosial Bigo Live dan kepuasan diri terhadap aktualisasi diri. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan variabel media sosial Bigo Live tidak perlu melalui variabel kepuasan diri terlebih dahulu untuk mempengaruhi aktualisasi diri para Host Official Bigo Live, begitu pula sebaliknya. Gabungan dari kedua variabel memiliki pengaruh lebih besar terhadap aktualisasi diri daripada pengaruh langsung dari masing-masing variabel. Hasil regresi linier berganda membuktikan bahwa kepuasan diri mempunyai pengaruh lebih besar daripada media sosial Bigo Live dan hubungan antara media sosial Bigo Live dengan aktualisasi diri melemah atau hilang jika dimasukan variabel kepuasan diri
Lifelong Learning Through Cultural Learning, Citizenship Learning, and Community Engagement in Grassroots Communities in South Korea
Authors: Cho Sung Ran
Published: June 2019

This article discusses how the current Korean lifelong learning, led by citizens, is connected with cultural learning, citizenship learning, and community engagement, rooted in the community and combination of active community building projects. It also introduces the structure and policies of lifelong education in Korea, the background and recent trends of community building projects, through three cases of grassroots community building centering on local village schools, called “Maeul Hakkyos”. Key themes are explored using the critical theory lens—Habermas poses in the Theory of Communication Action regarding contemporary social issues. In conclusion, the structure and role of adult and lifelong learning resulting from grassroots community building is essential in building community awareness and a civil society.