bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut-derived butyrate suppresses ocular surface inflammation
Authors: Schaefer Laura , Hernandez Humberto , Coats Rosalind A. , Yu Zhiyuan , Pflugfelder Stephen C. , Britton Robert A. , de Paiva Cintia S.
Published: March 2022

Dry eye is a common ocular inflammatory disorder characterized by tear film instability and reduced tear production. There is increasing evidence that homeostasis of the ocular surface is impacted by the intestinal microbiome. We are interested in investigating the potential role of microbially produced small molecules in mediating the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the ocular surface. One such molecule is butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by certain members of the gut microbiota through fermentation of dietary fiber. Here we show that SCFA transporter SLC5A8 is expressed in vivo in murine conjunctival and corneal epithelium. Pre-treatment of in vitro corneal epithelial cultures or bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) with phenylbutyrate (PBA) reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory Tnf expression. Corneal epithelial cultures and BMDCs isolated from Slc5a8 knockout mice are unable to respond to PBA pre-treatment, suggesting that SLC5A8 is required for the protective effect of PBA. The treatment of mice undergoing desiccating stress (DS) with oral tributyrin, a prodrug form of butyrate, reduces inflammation at the ocular surface in vivo, and this effect partially requires SLC5A8. Finally, expression analysis on conjunctival tissue isolated from mice subjected to DS with and without tributyrin treatment revealed that treatment downregulated genes involved in Type I interferon signaling. Together these data support our hypothesis that SCFAs produced in the gut participate in the maintenance of ocular surface homeostasis.
The oldest fossil record of Pseudopsinae from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pseudopsinae)
Authors: Liu Yuchu , Tihelka Erik , Cai Chenyang , Tian Li
Published: March 2022

The Cretaceous witnessed a radiation of rove beetles (Staphylinidae), the most species-rich beetle family. Although most staphylinid subfamilies have been documented from Cretaceous strata over the world, there has been no fossil record of the subfamily Pseudopsinae until a recently reported fossil from the 99-Ma-old Myanmar amber. Here we describe a new compression fossil from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China. It is described as Cretaceonanobius fossilis. gen. et sp. nov. and assigned to the extant subfamily Pseudopsinae, based on the well-preserved carinae on the pronotum, a carina on ventrites II and III, and distinctly separated mesocoxae. The discovery of Cretaceonanobius fossilis gen. et sp. nov. backdates the earliest fossils record of Pseudopsinae to 125 Ma in the Northern Hemisphere and sheds new lights on the evolution history and paleobiogeography of this subfamily.
VO2-based ultra-reconfigurable intelligent reflective surface for 5G applications
Authors: Matos Randy , Pala Nezih
Published: March 2022

As demand for higher capacity wireless communications increases, new approaches are needed to improve capacity. The lack of configurable radio platforms and power consumed to create new signals are some of the limitations preventing further advancements. To address these limitations, we propose an Ultra-Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (URIS) platform based on the metal-to-insulator transition property of VO2. A VO2layer is placed on a high-density micro-heater matrix consisting of pixels that can be electronically switched on. With this manner of control, heat can be transferred to selected areas of the VO2layer and convert it to highly conductive metallic phase. This technique allows dynamically changing the shape of the reflection surface with high speed. We numerically investigated the heat activated switching and RF reflection characteristics of a reflectarray designed for potential 5G applications operating at 32 GHz. It consists of heating pixels with the size of 40 × 40 μm which can generate metallic VO2patches or arbitrary shapes with ~ 100 × 100 μm spatial resolution. Our analyses resulted in large phase range of ~ 300° and approximate losses of −2 dB. The proposed device can serve as a novel platform for ultra-reconfigurable reflectarrays, other IRSs, and various wide spectral range RF applications.
Genetic variant located on chromosome 17p12 contributes to prostate cancer onset and biochemical recurrence
Authors: Pavel Anca Gabriela , Stambouli Danae , Gener Ismail , Preda Adrian , Anton Gabriela , Baston Catalin
Published: March 2022

The genetic contribution to prostate cancer (PC) onset and clinical heterogeneity has an important impact on the disease stratification accuracy. Despite the fact that radical prostatectomy (RP) is an effective treatment for localized PC, a considerable number of individuals develop biochemical recurrence (BCR) following surgery. In the present study, we decided to investigate the significance of genetic variability in a homogeneous group of Romanian men and to determine if genotyping could provide information regarding the possible implications of rs4054823 susceptibility loci in PC progression and outcome. A total of 78 samples from both PC and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients were genotyped. The genotype frequencies were examined to see if there was a link between the 17p12 SNP and PC disease. When compared to the BPH group, the PC group had a significantly higher frequency of the T risk variant (P = 0.0056) and TT genotype (P = 0.0164). Subsequent analysis revealed that the TT genotype had a significantly higher frequency among younger PC patients based on their age at diagnosis and that it was related with a greater probability of BCR (P = 0.02). According to our findings, the TT genotype appears to be a risk factor for early-onset PC and a potential predictor for BCR after RP.
Propensity score matching analysis to evaluate efficacy of polyethylene oxide adhesive on preventing delayed bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Yu Yang , Hu Tong , Kuai Xiaoyi , Liu Xiaoyu , Li Rui , Zhou Chunli
Published: March 2022

Regardless of technical advancements, delayed bleeding is still a common adverse event after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), often occurring in the early postoperative phase. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a newly designed polyethylene oxide (PEO) adhesive for preventing delayed gastric bleeding. Patients who underwent gastric ESD between December 2017 and December 2020 at three Chinese institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Patients receiving PEO application on gastric post-ESD ulcers were included in the PEO group, and patients without this procedure were included in the control group. To minimize potential bias, propensity score matching was performed, and sex, age, lesion size, lesion morphology, ulceration, localization, procedure time, frequency of major intraoperative bleeding, resected specimen size, lesion histopathology, submucosal invasion and the taking of antithrombotic drugs were included as matching factors. The incidence of delayed bleeding and time to bleeding were compared between both groups. After propensity score matching, 270 patients (135 per group) were included in the analysis. The delayed bleeding rate in the PEO group was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.5%, 2/135 vs. 8.9%, 12/135, P = 0.006). The median time (range) to bleeding was 4.5 (4–5) days in the PEO group and 2 (1–15) days in the control group, with no significant difference (P = 0. 198). PEO demonstrated a significant effect in reducing the rate of delayed bleeding. Further study is warranted to confirm the efficacy of PEO for bleeding that occurs in the early phase after gastric ESD.
Large-scale societal dynamics are reflected in human mood and brain
Authors: Lebedev Alexander V. , Abé Christoph , Acar Kasim , Deco Gustavo , Kringelbach Morten L. , Ingvar Martin , Petrovic Predrag
Published: March 2022

The stock market is a bellwether of socio-economic changes that may directly affect individual well-being. Using large-scale UK-biobank data generated over 14 years, we applied specification curve analysis to rigorously identify significant associations between the local stock market index (FTSE100) and 479,791 UK residents’ mood, as well as their alcohol intake and blood pressure adjusting the results for a large number of potential confounders, including age, sex, linear and non-linear effects of time, research site, other stock market indexes. Furthermore, we found similar associations between FTSE100 and volumetric measures of affective brain regions in a subsample (n = 39,755; measurements performed over 5.5 years), which were particularly strong around phase transitions characterized by maximum volatility in the market. The main findings did not depend on applied effect-size estimation criteria (linear methods or mutual information criterion) and were replicated in two independent US-based studies (Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative; n = 424; performed over 2.5 years and MyConnectome; n = 1; 81 measurements over 1.5 years). Our results suggest that phase transitions in the society, indexed by stock market, exhibit close relationships with human mood, health and the affective brain from an individual to population level.
Structured transmittance illumination coherence holography
Authors: Mandal Aditya Chandra , Sarkar Tushar , Zalevsky Zeev , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: March 2022

The coherence holography offers an unconventional way to reconstruct the hologram where an incoherent light illumination is used for reconstruction purposes, and object encoded into the hologram is reconstructed as the distribution of the complex coherence function. Measurement of the coherence function usually requires an interferometric setup and array detectors. This paper presents an entirely new idea of reconstruction of the complex coherence function in the coherence holography without an interferometric setup. This is realized by structured pattern projections on the incoherent source structure and implementing measurement of the cross-covariance of the intensities by a single-pixel detector. This technique, named structured transmittance illumination coherence holography (STICH), helps to reconstruct the complex coherence from the intensity measurement in a single-pixel detector without an interferometric setup and also keeps advantages of the intensity correlations. A simple experimental setup is presented as a first step to realize the technique, and results based on the computer modeling of the experimental setup are presented to show validation of the idea.
Liquid metal droplet shuttling in a microchannel toward a single line multiplexer with multiple sensors
Authors: Shimizu Ayano , Kakehi Yugo , Bono Shinji , Konishi Satoshi
Published: March 2022

Multiple sensors and actuators integrated in a small space, especially an elongated thin structure, require equivalent number of signal lines between microdevices, but there is limited space for signal wires. Thus, we propose a mechanism using a single microchannel where a liquid metal droplet moves and shuttles. A shuttling droplet switches multiple terminals of signal lines along a microchannel based on a traditional switching mechanism using a liquid metal droplet. Electrically conductive gallium alloy liquid metals (Galinstan) can flow in a microchannel due to their fluidity. The terminals consist of opposing electrode pairs in a microchannel. A change in a variable impedance connected to a terminal as a pseudo sensor can be read when a droplet flows in and connects electrode pairs. This paper presents switching and addressing objective terminals of chromium electrodes by a shuttling conductive droplet (500 µm in diameter and 10 mm long) in a microchannel (500 µm in diameter and 100 mm long). A demonstrated simple mechanism enables communication between multiple microdevices along a microchannel. We anticipate wide application of proposed mechanism toward a multiplexer, especially in microfluidic devices because of the advantages of utilizing microchannels as common microstructures for both microdevices and signal lines.
Vitamin D stimulates placental L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) in preeclampsia
Authors: Jia Xiaotong , Cao Yang , Ye Lingyu , Liu Xueqing , Huang Yujia , Yuan Xiaolei , Lu Chunmei , Xu Jie , Zhu Hui
Published: March 2022

Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of preeclampsia. Impaired placental amino acid transport is suggested to contribute to abnormal fetal intrauterine growth in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. However, if vitamin D-regulated amino acid transporter is involved in the pathophysiologic mechanism of preeclampsia has not been clarified yet. The aberrant expression of key isoform of L-type amino acid transporter LAT1 was determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry in the placenta from normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies. The role for vitamin D on placental LAT1 expression was investigated through the exposure of HTR-8/SVneo human trophoblast cells to the biologically active 1,25(OH)2D3 and the oxidative stress-inducer cobalt chloride (CoCl2). Our results showed that placental LAT1 expression was reduced in women with preeclampsia compared to normotensive pregnancies, which was associated with decreased expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR). 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly upregulated LAT1 expression in placental trophoblasts, and also prevented the decrease of mTOR activity under CoCl2-induced oxidative stress. siRNA targeting VDR significantly attenuated 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated LAT1 expression and mTOR signaling activity. Moreover, treatment of rapamycin specifically inhibited the activity of mTOR signaling and resulted in decrease of LAT1 expression. In conclusion, LAT1 expression was downregulated in the placenta from women with preeclampsia. 1,25(OH)2D3/VDR could stimulate LAT1 expression, which was likely mediated by mTOR signaling in placental trophoblasts. Regulation on placental amino acid transport may be one of the mechanisms by which vitamin D affects fetal growth in preeclampsia.
Origin and genetic analysis of stem rust resistance in wheat line Tr129
Authors: Sharma Jyoti Saini , Fetch Thomas G. , Ghazvini Habibollah , Rouse Matthew N. , Danilova Tatiana , Friebe Bernd , Hiebert Colin W.
Published: March 2022

Wheat line Tr129 is resistant to stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt). The resistance in Tr129 was reportedly derived from Aegilops triuncialis, but the origin and genetics of resistance have not been confirmed. Here, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) showed that no Ae. triuncialis chromatin was present in Tr129. Genetic and phenotypic analysis was conducted on F2 and DH populations from the cross RL6071/Tr129. Seedlings were tested with six Pgt races and were genotyped using an Illumina iSelect 90 K SNP array and kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers. Mapping and phenotyping showed that Tr129 carried four stem rust resistance (Sr) genes on chromosome arms 2BL (Sr9b), 4AL (Sr7b), 6AS (Sr8a), and 6DS (SrTr129). SrTr129 co-segregated with markers for SrCad, however Tr129 has a unique haplotype suggesting the resistance could be new. Analysis of a RL6071/Peace population revealed that like SrTr129, SrCad is ineffective against three North American races. This new understanding of SrCad will guide its use in breeding. Tr129 and the DNA markers reported here are useful resources for improving stem rust resistance in cultivars.
Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography with point spread holograms of isolated chaotic islands for 3D imaging
Authors: Dubey Nitin , Rosen Joseph
Published: March 2022

Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography (I-COACH) is an incoherent digital holographic technique with lateral and axial resolution similar to a regular lens-based imaging system. The properties of I-COACH are dictated by the shape of the system’s point response termed point spread hologram (PSH). As previously shown, chaotic PSHs which are continuous over some area on the image sensor enable the system to perform three-dimensional (3D) holographic imaging. We also showed that a PSH of an ensemble of sparse dots improves the system’s signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) but reduces the dimensionality of the imaging from three to two dimensions. In this study, we test the midway shape of PSH, an ensemble of sparse islands distributed over the sensor plane. A PSH of isolated chaotic islands improves the SNR of the system compared to continuous chaotic PSH without losing the capability to perform 3D imaging. Reconstructed images of this new system are compared with images of continuous PSH, dot-based PSH, and direct images of a lens-based system. Visibility, SNR, and the product of visibility with SNR are the parameters used in the study. We also demonstrate the imaging capability of a system with partial annular apertures. The reconstruction results have better SNR and visibility than lens-based imaging systems with the same annular apertures.
Synthesis and characterization of CoxFe1−xFe2O4 nanoparticles by anionic, cationic, and non-ionic surfactant templates via co-precipitation
Authors: Sangsuriyonk Kittipon , Paradee Nophawan , Rotjanasuworapong Kornkanok , Sirivat Anuvat
Published: March 2022

The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoxFe1−xFe2O4) were synthesized by the surfactant templated co-precipitation method using various surfactants namely sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and Tween20. Under the substitution, the CoxFe1−xFe2O4 particles were synthesized at various Co2+ and Fe2+ mole ratios (x = 1, 0.6, 0.2, and 0) with the SDS. The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were characterized for their morphology, structure, magnetic, and electrical properties. All CoxFe1−xFe2O4 nanoparticles showed the nanoparticle sizes varying from 16 to 43 nm. In the synthesis of CoFe2O4, the SDS template provided the smallest particle size, whereas the saturated magnetization (Ms) of CoFe2O4 was reduced by using CTAB, SDS, and Tween20. For the CoxFe1−xFe2O4 as synthesized by the SDS template at 1.2 CMC, the Ms increased with increasing Fe2+ mole ratio. The highest Ms of 100.4 emu/g was obtained from the Fe3O4 using the SDS template. The Fe3O4 nanoparticle is potential to be used in various actuator and biomedical devices.
GSK3 inhibition circumvents and overcomes acquired lorlatinib resistance in ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Shimizu Yuki , Okada Koutaroh , Adachi Jun , Abe Yuichi , Narumi Ryohei , Uchibori Ken , Yanagitani Noriko , Koike Sumie , Takagi Satoshi , Nishio Makoto , Fujita Naoya , Katayama Ryohei
Published: March 2022

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion is found in ~3%–5% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Although the third-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) lorlatinib shows high clinical efficacy in ALK-positive NSCLC, most of the patients eventually relapse with acquired resistance. Recently, drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells have been considered an important seed of acquired resistance cells. In this study, we established lorlatinib intermediate resistant cells from a patient-derived cell model. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitions significantly suppressed lorlatinib intermediate resistant cell growth. GSK3 inhibition also sensitized acquired resistance cells derived from alectinib-treated patients with or without secondary mutations to lorlatinib. Therefore, GSK3 plays a crucial role in developing acquired resistance against lorlatinib in ALK-positive NSCLC mediated by lorlatinib intermediate resistant cells and could be a potential molecular target to prevent acquired lorlatinib resistance and overcome ALK-TKI resistance.
Advanced preparation of fragment libraries enabled by oligonucleotide-modified 2′,3′-dideoxynucleotides
Authors: Medžiūnė Justina , Kapustina Žana , Žeimytė Simona , Jakubovska Jevgenija , Sindikevičienė Rūta , Čikotienė Inga , Lubys Arvydas
Published: March 2022

The ever-growing demand for inexpensive, rapid, and accurate exploration of genomes calls for refinement of existing sequencing techniques. The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) was a revolutionary milestone in genome analysis. While modified nucleotides already were inherent tools in sequencing and imaging, further modification of nucleotides enabled the expansion into even more diverse applications. Herein we describe the design and synthesis of oligonucleotide-tethered 2′,3′-dideoxynucleotide (ddONNTP) terminators bearing universal priming sites attached to the nucleobase, as well as their enzymatic incorporation and performance in read-through assays. In the context of NGS library preparation, the incorporation of ddONNTP fulfills two requirements at once: the fragmentation step is integrated into the workflow and the obtained fragments are readily labeled by platform-specific adapters. DNA polymerases can incorporate ddONNTP nucleotides, as shown by primer extension assays. More importantly, reading through the unnatural linkage during DNA synthesis was demonstrated, with 25-30% efficiency in single-cycle extension.
Core–shell microcapsules: biofabrication and potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Authors: Ladeira Bruno M. , Custódio Catarina A. , Mano João F.
Published: March 2022

Core–shell microcapsules provide highly tunable platforms for regenerative medicine applications. This manuscript provides an overview of the features, fabrication methods and biomedical applications of these microcapsules.
Green transformation of CO2 to ethanol using water and sunlight by the combined effect of naturally abundant red phosphorus and Bi2MoO6
Authors: Das Risov , Das Kousik , Ray Bitan , Vinod Chathakudath P. , Peter Sebastian C.
Published: March 2022

A novel type-II composite heterostructure obtained by combining earth-abundant, non-toxic, cost-effective red phosphorus and Bi2MoO6 selectively converts CO2 to ethanol using sunlight and water.
Sulfide glass solid-state electrolyte separators for Li metal batteries: using an interlayer to increase rate performance and reduce stack pressure
Authors: Yersak Thomas A. , Kang Chansoon , Salvador James R. , Pieczonka Nicholas P. W. , Cai Mei
Published: March 2022

A range of sulfide glass electrolyte compositions were found to be insoluble in ether-based solvents. A critical current density of 3 mA cm−2 was achieved with a 0.1 MPa stack pressure and a thin ether-based liquid electrolyte interlayer.
Organic contaminants and atmospheric nitrogen at the graphene–water interface: a simulation study
Authors: Thakkar Ravindra , Gajaweera Sandun , Comer Jeffrey
Published: March 2022

Formation of hydrocarbon monolayers at the graphene–water interface can be predicted from the concentration in ambient air and the free energies of hydration, adsorption from the aqueous phase, and subsequent integration into the monolayer phase.
Intercalation-free, fast switching of mesoporous antimony doped tin oxide with cathodically coloring electrochromic dyes
Authors: Klein Jonas , Hein Alexander , Bold Ellen , Alarslan Fatih , Oesterschulze Egbert , Haase Markus
Published: March 2022

SnO2:Sb nanoparticles with a small size of 5 nm and a low dopant concentration of 2% allow the fabrication of fast-switching electrochromic devices even with large, non-intercalating cations in the electrolyte.
Fluorescent styrene maleic acid copolymers to facilitate membrane protein studies in lipid nanodiscs
Authors: Neville George M. , Edler Karen J. , Price Gareth J.
Published: March 2022

Styrene – maleic acid copolymers form lipid nanodiscs that can encapsulate membrane proteins. Introducing fluorescent labels during synthesis provides a new avenue of study into polymer–protein interactions in these systems.
Electromechanical conversion efficiency of GaN NWs: critical influence of the NW stiffness, the Schottky nano-contact and the surface charge effects
Authors: Gogneau Noelle , Chrétien Pascal , Sodhi Tanbir , Couraud Laurent , Leroy Laetitia , Travers Laurent , Harmand Jean-Chistophe , Julien François H. , Tchernycheva Maria , Houzé Frédéric
Published: March 2022

The GaN piezoelectric nanowires (NWs) are considered as promising nanomaterials to develop high-efficient piezoelectric generators.
Rapid synthesis of polyester based single-chain polymeric nanoparticles via an intra-molecular aza-Michael addition reaction
Authors: Alkan Burcu , Daglar Ozgun , Aydogan Temel Binnur , Durmaz Hakan , Temel Gokhan
Published: March 2022

An alternative method to produce single-chain polymeric nanoparticles using the aza-Michael addition reaction of a linear polyester containing in-chain reactive triple bonds is introduced.
Photoinduced hydrosilylation through hydrogen abstraction: an NMR and computational study of the structural effect of silane
Authors: Quach Thi-Hai-Yen , Allonas Xavier , Croutxé-Barghorn Céline , Le Nouen Didier , Sangermano Marco
Published: March 2022

Factors affecting photoinduced hydrosylilation are identified and open new opportunities.
Photocatalytic activity of ultrathin 2DPNs for enzymatically generating formic acid from CO2 and C–S/C–N bond formation
Authors: Singh Pooja , Yadav Rajesh K. , Singh Chandani , Chaubey Surabhi , Singh Satyam , Singh Atul P. , Baeg Jin-OoK. , Kim Tae Wu , Gulzhian Dzhardimalieva
Published: March 2022

The exploration of efficient and cheap photocatalysts for the transformation of CO2 into value-added chemicals is a cornerstone challenge in organic chemistry.
Microenvironments of Cu catalysts in zero-gap membrane electrode assembly for efficient CO2 electrolysis to C2+ products
Authors: Choi Woong , Choi Yongjun , Choi Eunsuh , Yun Hyewon , Jung Wonsang , Lee Woong Hee , Oh Hyung-Suk , Won Da Hye , Na Jonggeol , Hwang Yun Jeong
Published: March 2022

The activity and selectivity for C2+ products from electrochemical CO2 reduction in a zero-gap membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) are improved using a synchronous KOH-activation and tailoring of Cu catalyst thickness.
Experimental and theoretical determination of the role of ions in atomic layer annealing
Authors: Ueda Scott T. , McLeod Aaron , Jo Youhwan , Zhang Zichen , Spiegelman Jacob , Spiegelman Jeff , Alvarez Dan , Moser Daniel , Kanjolia Ravindra , Moinpour Mansour , Woodruff Jacob , Cho Kyeongjae , Kummel Andrew C.
Published: March 2022

The use of a heavier noble gas such as Kr in atomic layer annealing results in higher crystallinity due to higher momentum transfer leading to a more localized and intense surface heating effect occurring over picosecond timescales.
Rapid detection and quantification of the adulteration of orange juice with grapefruit juice using handheld Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
Authors: Varnasseri Mehrvash , Xu Yun , Goodacre Royston
Published: March 2022

Detecting food adulteration has always been an important task for food safety, especially when grapefruit is the adulterant as components in the juice have undesired interactions with many medicines.
Increasing the oxidation power of TCNQ by coordination of B(C6F5)3
Authors: Albrecht Paul Anton , Rupf Susanne Margot , Sellin Malte , Schlögl Johanna , Riedel Sebastian , Malischewski Moritz
Published: March 2022

A mixture of TCNQ and four equivalents of B(C6F5)3 is strongly oxidizing and readily forms the new weakly-coordinating anions [TCNQ·4 B(C6F5)3]− and [TCNQ·4 B(C6F5)3]2−.
Conformational flexibility and substitution pattern lead to polymorphism of 3-methyl-2-(phenylamino)benzoic acid
Authors: Tao Yang , Liu Xiaoting , Zhoujin Yunping , Zhou Panpan , Parkin Sean , Li Tonglei , Guo Ju , Yu Faquan , Long Sihui
Published: March 2022

Introduction of a methyl group at the 3-position of the benzoic acid of 3-methyl-2-(phenylamino)benzoic acid led to polymorphism of it.
Synthesis, structure, and electrochemical properties of [LNi(Rf)(C4F8)]− and [LNi(Rf)3]− complexes
Authors: Shreiber Scott T. , Amin Fatema , Schäfer Sascha A. , Cramer Roger E. , Klein Axel , Vicic David A.
Published: March 2022

The new anionic nickelate complexes [(MeCN)Ni(C4F8)(CF3)]−, [(MeCN)Ni(C4F8)(C2F5)]−, [(IMes)Ni(C4F8)(CF3)]−, [(IMes)Ni(CF3)3]− and [(F-NHC)Ni(Rf)3]− (F-NHC = fluorinated NHC) were synthesized and fully characterized.
Synthesis and reactivity of PC(sp3)P-pincer iridium complexes bearing a diborylmethyl anion
Authors: Kishino Masamichi , Takaoka Satoko , Shibutani Yuki , Kusumoto Shuhei , Nozaki Kyoko
Published: March 2022

PC(sp3)P-Ir complexes bearing two geminal boron atoms attached to the central carbon anion were synthesized. Strong σ-donation and unique back-donation to the boron atom at the β-position were observed.
Construction of eight mixed-valence pentanuclear CuI4CuII clusters using ligands with inhomogeneous electron density distribution: synthesis, characterization and photothermal properties
Authors: Yao Zi-Xuan , Li Jing-Zhe , Wang Hao-Hai , Cheng Xun , Hou Lin-Lin , Yu Dong-Nan , Chen Delun , Dan Wen-Yan , Liu Kuan-Guan
Published: March 2022

Eight mixed-valence pentanuclear CuI4CuII clusters constructed by 1,2,3-triazole or tetrazole and different mono-phosphine ligands have been fabricated. They exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performance.
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics in neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders
Authors: Li Wenping , Cologna Stephanie M.
Published: March 2022

The lysosome is indispensable and plays many critical roles in the cell, therefore, diseases associated with lysosomal failure can be lethal, particularly lysosomal storage disorders. Figure is created with BioRender.com.
Metal–organic framework-based biomimetic cascade bioreactor for highly efficient treatment of hyperuricemia with low side effects
Authors: Li Fenglan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Fang , Chen Jinfa , Wang Bin , Li Ning , Lin Xinhua , Zhuang Junyang
Published: March 2022

We report on a metal–organic framework-based biomimetic cascade bioreactor for efficient treatment of hyperuricemia with low side effects.
1,2,3-Triazine formation mechanism of the fairy chemical 2-azahypoxanthine in the fairy ring-forming fungus Lepista sordida
Authors: Ito Akinobu , Choi Jae-Hoon , Yokoyama-Maruyama Waki , Kotajima Mihaya , Wu Jing , Suzuki Tomohiro , Terashima Yurika , Suzuki Hyogo , Hirai Hirofumi , Nelson David C. , Tsunematsu Yuta , Watanabe Kenji , Asakawa Tomohiro , Ouchi Hitoshi , Inai Makoto , Dohra Hideo , Kawagishi Hirokazu
Published: March 2022

We revealed that the nitrogen sources of the triazine were N2O3 and NO+ from NO produced by NO synthase. NO plays important roles in living organisms. This study will cause a stir in arguments about the real active species NO in organisms.
The enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-7-oxohinokinin, (+)-7-oxoarcitin, (+)-conicaol B and (−)-isopolygamain
Authors: Paulin Emily K. , Leung Euphemia , Pilkington Lisa I. , Barker David
Published: March 2022

A route to C7 keto dibenzyl butyrolactone lignans was developed allowing the enantioselective syntheses and anti-proliferative evaluation of three natural products, (+)-7-oxohinokinin, (+)-7-oxoarcitin and (+)-conicaol B, plus derivatives.
Asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-(2R,4′R,8′R)-α-tocopherol enabled by enzymatic desymmetrization
Authors: Yang Haidi , Liu Jinyao , Hu Pan , Gao Liang , Huang Zedu , Chen Fener
Published: March 2022

Lipase-catalyzed desymmetric hydrolysis enabled an efficient, stereoselective synthesis of chiral diol (S)-14, the key intermediate to (+)-(2R,4′R,8′R)-α-tocopherol (1).
Combining vinylogous urethane and β-amino ester chemistry for dynamic material design
Authors: Holloway Joshua O. , Taplan Christian , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: March 2022

This study describes covalent adaptable networks with enhanced processability and creep resistance by combining vinylogous urea/urethane and β-amino ester based dynamic covalent motifs.
Straightforward synthesis of multifunctional porous polymer nanomaterials for CO2 capture and removal of contaminants
Authors: Shingdilwar Shashikant , Kumar Devendra , Sahu Bhanendra , Banerjee Sanjib
Published: March 2022

A straightforward synthesis of multifunctional mesoporous polymer nanomaterials suitable for the removal of contaminants and CO2 capture is reported.
Electrostatic loading and photoredox-based release of molecular cargo from oligoviologen-crosslinked microparticles
Authors: Palmquist Mark S. , Gruschka Max C. , Dorsainvil Jovelt M. , Delawder Abigail O. , Saak Tiana M. , Danielson Mary K. , Barnes Jonathan C.
Published: March 2022

A novel method is reported for electrostatically loading negatively charged molecular cargo in oligoviologen-crosslinked microparticles, followed by releasing the cargo using a visible light photoredox process involving integrated porphyrins.
Strategy for the synthesis of zeolite Y by artificial-fish-reef breeding negative crystals
Authors: Liu Peng , Xia Tian , Nie Suofu , Guo Qiaoxia , Xu Chunming , Shen Baojian
Published: March 2022

Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) provides a breeding ground on which the initial (alumino)silicate species attach and accelerate zeolite nucleation and crystallization. A nano-plate-like small-crystal-sized NaY zeolite is synthesized.
One-step solvent-free synthesis of carbon dot-based layered composites exhibiting color-tunable photoluminescence
Authors: Uchida Junya , Takahashi Yuka , Katsurao Takumi , Sakabe Hiroshi
Published: March 2022

A practical and green approach to the development of color-tunable luminescent composites through in situ solvent-free synthesis of carbon dots on layered inorganic compounds is reported.
Crosslinked starch-coated cellulosic papers as alternative food-packaging materials
Authors: Semlali Aouragh Hassani Fatima-Zahra , Salim Mohamed Hamid , Kassab Zineb , Sehaqui Houssine , Ablouh El-Houssaine , Bouhfid Rachid , Qaiss Abou El Kacem , El Achaby Mounir
Published: March 2022

In general, during the production of cellulosic materials for food-packaging applications, lignin and other amorphous components are usually removedviathe pulping and multilevel bleaching process to entirely separate them from the fiber.
Three-component microwave-assisted synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones
Authors: Ng Jia Hui , Tiekink Edward R. T. , Dolzhenko Anton V.
Published: March 2022

A practical three-component method for the synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones was developed.
Correction: The structural and luminescence properties of plexcitonic structures based on Ag2S/l-Cys quantum dots and Au nanorods
Authors: Grevtseva Irina G. , Ovchinnikov Oleg V. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Perepelitsa Aleksey S. , Chevychelova Tamara A. , Derepko Violetta N. , Osadchenko Anna V. , Selyukov Alexandr S.
Published: March 2022

Correction for ‘The structural and luminescence properties of plexcitonic structures based on Ag2S/l-Cys quantum dots and Au nanorods’ by Irina G. Grevtseva et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 6525–6532, DOI: 10.1039/D1RA08806H.
Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of enantioenriched α-deuterated pyrrolidine derivatives
Authors: Chang Xin , Cheng Xiang , Wang Chun-Jiang
Published: March 2022

A strategy of combining H/D-Ex and azomethine ylide-involved 1,3-DC was developed for the construction of α-deuterated pyrrolidine derivatives in good yields with excellent stereoselectivities and uniformly high levels of deuterium incorporation.
Recent progress on Schottky sensors based on two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Li Qi , Meng Jianping , Li Zhou
Published: March 2022

This review highlights the advances in Schottky sensors based on 2D TMDs. The preparation methods of 2D TMDs and the vital Schottky sensors such as photodetectors, gas sensors, strain sensors, and biosensors are summarized and discussed.
Solvent-free molten co-assembly of ordered mesoporous carbon for efficiently supported adsorption and separation of SO2
Authors: Kan Xun , Song Feiyu , Li Fangyao , Xiao Shuying , Liu Fujian , Jiang Lilong
Published: March 2022

Ordered and abundantly mesoporous carbon was designed from solvent-free molten co-assembly route, acting as suitable carrier for encapsulating methylated-polyethyleneimine. The composited adsorbents are rather active for SO2 capture and separation.
Thgraphene: a novel two-dimensional carbon allotrope as a potential multifunctional material for electrochemical water splitting and potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Weiyi , Meng Jie , Hu Yujie , Wang Jiajun , Li Qunxiang , Yang Jinlong
Published: March 2022

With the crystal structure prediction package AISP, thgraphene composed of tetragonal and heptagonal carbon rings is theoretically predicted as a bifunctional HER/OER electrocatalyst and potassium-ion anode material.
Construction of a copper nanocluster/MnO2 nanosheet-based fluorescent platform for butyrylcholinesterase activity detection and anti-Alzheimer's drug screening
Authors: Chen Sihan , Li Zheng , Huang Zhenzhen , Jia Qiong
Published: March 2022

This work sheds light on the construction of a copper nanocluster/MnO2 nanosheet based fluorescent platform for butyrylcholinesterase sensing and inhibitor screening.
Benzothiazole derivatives with varied π-conjugation: synthesis, tunable solid-state emission, and application in single-component LEDs
Authors: Song Yuwei , Hu Lai , Cheng Qian , Chen Zhiyuan , Su Huan , Liu Hao , Liu Rui , Zhu Senqiang , Zhu Hongjun
Published: March 2022

Single-component white-light-emitting materials are highly desirable for lighting due to their negligible reabsorption, low energy-transfer loss, and stable emission spectra.
Synergistically enhanced electrical transport properties of SrTiO3via Fermi level regulation and modulation doping
Authors: Li Dongmei , Wang Dongyang , Zhang Xiao , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: March 2022

The thermoelectric performance of the insulator SrTiO3 was improved through synergistically enhanced electrical transport properties via Fermi level regulation and modulation doping.
Overexpression of phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase in Brassica napus results in changes in lipid metabolism and oil accumulation
Authors: Fenyk Stepan , Woodfield Helen K. , Romsdahl Trevor B. , Wallington Emma J. , Bates Ruth E. , Fell David A. , Chapman Kent D. , Fawcett Tony , Harwood John L.
Published: March 2022

The regulation of lipid metabolism in oil seeds is still not fully understood and increasing our knowledge in this regard is of great economic, as well as intellectual, importance. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is a major global oil crop where increases in triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation have been achieved by overexpression of relevant biosynthetic enzymes. In this study, we expressed Arabidopsis phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT1), one of the two major TAG-forming plant enzymes in B. napus DH12075 to evaluate its effect on lipid metabolism in developing seeds and to estimate its flux control coefficient. Despite several-fold increase in PDAT activity, seeds of three independently generated PDAT transgenic events showed a small but consistent decrease in seed oil content and had altered fatty acid composition of phosphoglycerides and TAG, towards less unsaturation. Mass spectrometry imaging of seed sections confirmed the shift in lipid compositions and indicated that PDAT overexpression altered the distinct heterogeneous distributions of phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species. Similar, but less pronounced, changes in TAG molecular species distributions were observed. Our data indicate that PDAT exerts a small, negative, flux control on TAG biosynthesis and could have under-appreciated effects in fine-tuning of B. napus seed lipid composition in a tissue-specific manner. This has important implications for efforts to increase oil accumulation in similar crops.
Meine Blase lässt mich nicht los –
Homöopathie bei neurogener
Blasenfunktionsstörung
Authors: Pannek Jürgen , Pannek-Rademacher Susanne
Published: March 2022

Die Integrität des Nervensystems ist Voraussetzung für eine
ungestörte Urinspeicherung und Blasenentleerung. Neurologische
Systemerkrankungen (z. B. Rückenmarkverletzungen, Multiple
Sklerose, Morbus Parkinson, Spina bifida, zerebrovaskulärer Insult)
führen in aller Regel zu einer neurogenen Blasenfunktionsstörung
(NBFS). Typische Folgen sind Harnwegsinfekte (HWI) und eine überaktive
Blase, die sowohl die Nierenfunktion schädigen als auch die
Lebensqualität der Betroffenen massiv beeinträchtigen
können.

Die bisherigen Studien zeigen, dass durch klassische Homöopathie akute
HWI effektiv, effizient und nebenwirkungsarm therapiert werden können.
Bei 199 nichtfieberhaften HWI entschieden sich die Probanden in 104
Fällen für eine Antibiotikaeinnahme. In 78,8% waren die
Betroffenen nach der initialen Antibiotikabehandlung beschwerdefrei. In 95
HWI-Episoden entschieden sich die Betroffenen für eine
nichtantibiotische Therapie. Von den 59 HWI unter homöopathischer
Behandlung waren die Patienten in 40 Episoden (67,8%) nach der
Erstbehandlung symptomfrei. Die Erfolgsraten der antibiotischen und der
nichtantibiotischen Therapien waren nicht signifikant unterschiedlich.

Zudem ist Homöopathie auch eine wirksame Prophylaxestrategie bei
rezidivierenden HWI. Die Anzahl der HWI/Jahr reduzierte sich in der
Gruppe mit homöopathischer Behandlung signifikant, während die
HWI-Frequenz in der Kontrollgruppe über die Studiendauer
unverändert blieb. Somit kann die Homöopathie wesentlich zur
Reduktion des Einsatzes von Antibiotika beitragen. Bei der Therapie der
Detrusorüberaktivität konnte kein Einfluss der
homöopathischen Therapie auf urodynamische Parameter nachgewiesen
werden.

Aufgrund der unspezifischen und untypischen Symptome bei Menschen mit
Rückenmarkverletzung sind gute medizinische Kenntnisse der
Homöopath*innen unabdingbar, um die geschilderten Symptome
einordnen zu können. Für eine erfolgreiche Zusammenarbeit ist
eine wechselseitig wertschätzende Beziehung zwischen allen Beteiligten
eine Grundvoraussetzung.
„Die Prostata ist mein
Gefühlsventil“
Authors: Diez Susanne
Published: March 2022

In dem nachfolgenden Artikel wird die langjährige Krankheitsgeschichte
eines Patienten dargestellt, der unter einer rezidivierenden chronischen
Prostatitis leidet. Die erfolgreiche homöopathische Behandlung wird
differenzialdiagnostisch beleuchtet. Die Autorin, die zwischenzeitlich auch die
Empfindungsmethode nach Yakir verwendet, diskutiert die Arzneimittelwahl des
damaligen Falles nach ihren heutigen Erkenntnissen. Dabei erläutert sie
die psychischen Hintergründe des Patienten für die
langjährige Prostatitis, die ausschlaggebend für die letztlich
erfolgreiche Behandlung auf allen Ebenen war. Chimaphila umbellata als hier
verordnete Akutarznei wird dabei genauer betrachtet.
What causes COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy? Ignorance and the lack of bliss in the United Kingdom
Authors: Bullock Josh , Lane Justin E. , Shults F. LeRon
Published: March 2022

Understanding vaccine hesitancy has become increasingly important during the COVID-19 pandemic as governments around the globe have been struggling to convince portions of their populations to participate in vaccination protocols. Here we report on a nationally representative survey of the United Kingdom in which data revealed that individuals showed more willingness to take fictitious vaccines (putatively produced by the US government Medicare program and the now defunct healthcare company Theranos) than to take the Sputnik and Sinovac vaccines (developed by the Russian and Chinese governments respectively). The data indicate that the critical factor in vaccine hesitancy among the respondents was anxiety rather than familiarity with vaccines.
Intrinsically disordered proteins: Ensembles at the limits of Anfinsen's dogma
Authors: Kulkarni Prakash , Leite Vitor B. P. , Roy Susmita , Bhattacharyya Supriyo , Mohanty Atish , Achuthan Srisairam , Singh Divyoj , Appadurai Rajeswari , Rangarajan Govindan , Weninger Keith , Orban John , Srivastava Anand , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Onuchic Jose N. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Salgia Ravi
Published: March 2022

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are proteins that lack rigid 3D structure. Hence, they are often misconceived to present a challenge to Anfinsen's dogma. However, IDPs exist as ensembles that sample a quasi-continuum of rapidly interconverting conformations and, as such, may represent proteins at the extreme limit of the Anfinsen postulate. IDPs play important biological roles and are key components of the cellular protein interaction network (PIN). Many IDPs can interconvert between disordered and ordered states as they bind to appropriate partners. Conformational dynamics of IDPs contribute to conformational noise in the cell. Thus, the dysregulation of IDPs contributes to increased noise and “promiscuous” interactions. This leads to PIN rewiring to output an appropriate response underscoring the critical role of IDPs in cellular decision making. Nonetheless, IDPs are not easily tractable experimentally. Furthermore, in the absence of a reference conformation, discerning the energy landscape representation of the weakly funneled IDPs in terms of reaction coordinates is challenging. To understand conformational dynamics in real time and decipher how IDPs recognize multiple binding partners with high specificity, several sophisticated knowledge-based and physics-based in silico sampling techniques have been developed. Here, using specific examples, we highlight recent advances in energy landscape visualization and molecular dynamics simulations to discern conformational dynamics and discuss how the conformational preferences of IDPs modulate their function, especially in phenotypic switching. Finally, we discuss recent progress in identifying small molecules targeting IDPs underscoring the potential therapeutic value of IDPs. Understanding structure and function of IDPs can not only provide new insight on cellular decision making but may also help to refine and extend Anfinsen's structure/function paradigm.
Study on surface leakage current at sidewall in InP-based avalanche photodiodes with mesa structure
Authors: Zhang Junqin , Liu Aofei , Xing Hailong , Yang Yintang
Published: March 2022

A multi-mesa InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD) with the advantage of the completely restricted electric field is proposed. The surface defects, which are the reasons for the sidewall leakage current generation in the mesa-structure APD, are theoretically studied, and then a sidewall leakage current model is developed. The Silvaco Atlas device simulation tool is used to analyze the generation mechanism of the sidewall leakage current, and the effects of different mesa structures on the sidewall leakage current of the APD are compared. The simulation results show that the sidewall leakage current of the multi-mesa APD is about zero and is not affected by the terrace size, which can be contributed by a very weak electric field at the sidewall.
Numerical simulation of thermal stress and life assessment of a thin double-layer metal hydride bed under combined thermal and mechanical loads
Authors: Xiao Junfeng , Zeng Xiangguo , Cui Yehui , Li Wei , Wang Fang
Published: March 2022

In this work, the finite element model of the hydrogen absorption process in the thin double-layered metal hydride bed (MHB) has been established. The Johnson–Cook constitutive model, considering the temperature softening and strain rate hardening effect, was used to simulate the mechanical behavior of 316L stainless steel during the hydrogen absorption and desorption processes. The simulation results agree well with the experimental results, which verifies the effectiveness of the numerical model. The equivalent stress distribution of the stainless steel bed in the process of hydrogen absorption and desorption has been calculated by the aforementioned model. The influence of the defect depth and opening angle on tank safety has been calculated and analyzed considering the possible defects in the welding process and service life. Finally, according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers boiler and pressure vessel code criterion, the fatigue–creep interaction condition of the MHB was predicted and analyzed. This work can provide an effective reference for the design of a hydrogen storage bed.