bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación del riesgo ergonómico por carga postural en estudiantes auxiliares de salud oral en una universidad del suroccidente colombiano
Authors: Zapata-Albán María del Pilar , Volverás-Pimiento Katherine
Published: April 2019

Introducción: las lesiones músculo-esqueléticas tienen un enorme y creciente impacto en el mundo, por convertirse en la mayor causa de dolor y discapacidad por sobrecarga muscular, en el trabajo.Objetivo: determinar el riesgo ergonómico producido por la carga postural a la que está expuesta la población objetivo. Método:estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se abordó una muestra por conveniencia de 15 personas, estudiantes del programa auxiliares de Salud oral de una Universidad del Suroccidente Colombiano; se aplicó encuesta sociodemográfica, análisis de puesto de trabajo y el método Rapid UpperLimbAssessment (RULA), cuya metodología divide al cuerpo en dos grupos, el grupo A que incluye los miembros superiores (brazos, antebrazos y muñecas) y el grupo B, que comprende piernas, tronco y cuello; para ello se realizaron dos registros fílmicos simultáneos cuando cada participante realizaba el procedimiento de profilaxis dental. Resultados: la información recolectada permitió, identificar los pasos de mayor demanda física y los trastornos ocasionados al sistema musculo-esquelético, producidos por la carga postural a la que está expuesta la población en la realización del procedimiento, identificando de manera específica los segmentos corporales comprometidos y el grado de compromiso.Conclusiones:existe riesgo ergonómico en las estudiantes auxiliares de salud oral, pues se encuentran en un nivel de actuación de cuatro, lo que significa que la tarea “realizar el procedimiento de profilaxis” requiere cambios urgentes, debido a la exposición a factores de riesgo biomecánicos que pueden ocasionar trastornos en la salud, especialmente en el sistema musculo-esquelético de la población analizada.
Lesiones bucales características de la sífilis encontradas en 3 servicios de estomatología de Latinoamérica
Authors: Carmona Martha , Porto Iván , Ríos Yelisa , Lanranchi Héctor
Published: April 2019

Introducción: La sífilis es una enfermedad considerada como antigua, que ha causado grandes estragos durante toda la historia de la humanidad, a pesar de métodos de protección sexual y antibióticos para combatir esta infección, en la actualidad todavía la prevalencia de esta es preocupante. El odontólogo juega un papel imprescindible en este campo, debido a que este debe ser capacitado para detectar las manifestaciones de esta en cavidad bucal de una forma temprana, evitando así su progresión Metodología: se realiza un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con 20 pacientes que consultaron a 3 servicios de estomatología de Suramérica, se les realiza examen estomatológico e historia clínica exhaustiva, se clasifico las lesiones encontradas y se analizaron los demás datos recogidos. Resultados: la lesión prevalente en sífilis primaria fue la ulcera y solo se detectó un caso, acerca de la forma secundaria se detectaron 19 casos y se encontraron múltiples lesiones asociadas, por ultimo no se encontró ningún caso de sífilis terciaria. Conclusiones: se considera fundamental la divulgación de estos resultados y mayores investigaciones en este campo, con el fin de educar y así evitar la progresión de la sífilis, a una forma latente o terciaria, que ponga en riesgo la vida de la población.
Frecuencia de hábitos orales relacionados con la maloclusión en pacientes de 4 a 12 años: estudio comparativo entre San Luis de Potosí-México y Medellín –Colombia, 2016
Authors: Arias A. Alejandra , Espinal B. Gabriel , Ponce P. Margarita , Posada L. Adriana , Nava C. Jorge , Salcedo O. Bibiana
Published: April 2019

Resumen: Introducción: los hábitos orales interfieren en el desarrollo de las funciones del sistema estomatognático, relacionándose como un factor etiológico en la aparición de las maloclusiones. Objetivo: Comparar la frecuencia de hábitos orales y su relación con maloclusión en niños de 4 a 12 años de edad en San Luis Potosí - Medellín. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal, la muestra fue por conveniencia, se revisaron 598 niños de 4 a 12 años de edad, 299 niños en cada ciudad, para el análisis de los datos se elaboró una tabla de contingencia con chi2 utilizando el programa SPSS21. Resultados: El hábito oral más frecuente fue la onicofagia en el total de la muestra y en San Luis Potosí, y la respiración bucal fue más frecuente en Medellín. En San Luis Potosí la mayoría de los niños que presentaban algún hábito tenían relación molar clase I, excepto en la deglución atípica, que presentaron oclusión clase III, siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa. La deglución atípica fue el hábito que se encontró en mayor relación con maloclusiones de forma estadísticamente significativa. Al analizar la relación del tipo de hábito y mordida cruzada posterior en San Luis Potosí se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p ≤ 0,05) en aquellos pacientes que presentan succión digital (13,9%) Conclusiones: En este estudio la deglución atípica y la mordida abierta están directamente relacionadas, sugiriendo que la función deglutiva puede ser un factor causal de maloclusión, igualmente se encontró una relación positiva entre succión digital y mordida cruzada posterior.
Conocimiento y tratamiento del herpes labial utilizado por adolescentes en Medellín
Authors: Díaz-Álvarez Esthefanya , Agudelo-Cano Shirley Cristina , Muñoz-Vargas Eliana María , Martínez-Osorio Luisa Fernanda , Sarrazola-Moncada Ángela María
Published: April 2019

Introducción: El profesional del área de la salud debe interesarse por identificar los saberes en torno al proceso salud-enfermedad de las comunidades, con el propósito de promover la salud y prevenir el desarrollo de enfermedades. Objetivo: Describir los conocimientos y tratamientos utilizados por estudiantes adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Pública en Medellín, acerca del herpes labial durante el año 2012. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo. En el cual participaron 133 estudiantes de una Institución Educativa Pública en Medellín mediante un muestreo probabilístico y con selección aleatoria, en el cual se aplicó una prueba de conocimientos y tratamientos sobre herpes labial. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo univariado. Estudio de riesgo mínimo según resolución 8430 de 1993 de la Republica de Colombia. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 16 años con una desviación estándar de 1.14, con un mínimo de 14 y un máximo de 23 años. El 50.4% fueron mujeres, sólo un 6% conoce del herpes labial por fuente médicas, el 38.3% desconoce el agente causal, el 65.4% % conoce los medios de transmisión y el 76.7% lo reconocen visualmente. El 45.9% tenía dudas sobre los signos y síntomas, el 60.2% no conoce ningún tratamiento farmacológico, pero refieren conocer el uso de tratamientos no farmacológicos como, vaselina, manteca de cacao, químicos, cigarrillo, limón, tomate y sal. Conclusiones: Se detectaron falencias en el conocimiento del herpes labial, su etiología y tratamiento. La fuente principal de conocimiento fue la familia.
Tratamiento de la maloclusión clase III con máscara facial y hyrax híbrido, protocolo alt-ramec. Reporte de caso
Authors: Hernández-Silva Jesús Alberto , Rodríguez-Manjarrés Carolina , Martínez-Ávila José Manuel
Published: April 2019

Introducción: La dificultad en cuanto a corrección de las discrepancias óseas que presentan las maloclusiones clase III, por la complejidad de los tratamientos existentes, lo impredecibles que son el crecimiento óseo, el desarrollo y los resultados de tratamiento para los pacientes jóvenes, sumado a las características físicas evidentes en los sujetos que las padecen, hacen que sean todo un reto a la hora de plantear planes de tratamiento exitosos para su corrección. Caso: Paciente masculino, 10 años de edad. Asiste a la clínica de ortopedia maxilar del postgrado de Odontología Pediátrica y Ortopedia Maxilar de la Escuela de Odontología de la Universidad del Valle (Cali-Colombia), para reevaluación, No refiere antecedentes familiares de anomalías esqueléticas o dentarias, clínicamente se observa un mentón prominente, Objetivo: el objetivo de este reporte de caso es evaluar  el efecto  del  tratamiento en 1 paciente, manejado con Hyrax Hibrido, mascara de protracción,  y mini- implantes para la corrección de la Maloclusión Clase III. Resultados y conclusiones: La combinación de Hyrax híbrido, máscara facial y protocolo Alt-RAMEC responde a un cambio esquelético real por la transmisión de fuerzas directamente al hueso, aboliendo los camuflajes dentoalveolares, que genera resultados satisfactorios a nivel dental, facial e incluso psicológico en pacientes con clase III esquelética
Técnica bilaminar en el tratamiento de una recesión gingival Presentación de caso
Authors: Cruz Morales Rosario , Caballero López Dunia , García Rodríguez Ileana
Published: April 2019

Introducción: Las recesiones gingivales ocasionan problemas estéticos y aparecen por el desplazamiento del margen gingival hacia apical del límite amelocementario, dejan expuestas las superficies radiculares, aumentando la susceptibilidad a caries radicular, hiperestesia dentinal y abrasiones cervicales. Son multifactoriales y Miller las clasificó según su extensión, para determinar el grado de cobertura radicular que podría esperarse después de realizar un tratamiento quirúrgico. Propósito: Describir un caso de recesión gingival clase II de Miller localizada en el 44, donde se realizó un injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial cubierto por un colgajo  desplazado coronalmente.Materiales y método: Paciente femenina con antecedentes de salud que acudió al servicio de Periodoncia preocupada por “cambio de posición de la encía en un diente”. Se diagnosticó recesión gingival clase II de Miller localizada en el 44. Se realizó técnica bilaminar de injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial combinado con colgajo de espesor parcial desplazado coronalmente.Resultados: A los siete días se evolucionó la paciente y se retiró sutura de zona donante, mostrando buena cicatrización del área, se citó a la semana para retirar cemento quirúrgico y sutura de la zona injertada, observando discretos signos de inflamación y cobertura radicular completa del 44. El examen al mes, a los tres y seis meses, evidenció: tejido gingival libre de inflamación, recesión gingival del 44 completamente cubierta, ganancia de encía insertada y armonía de color entre sitio injertado y área adyacente.Conclusiones: la técnica aplicada mostró resultados favorables respecto a cobertura radicular, aumento de la cantidad de encía queratinizada y buen aspecto estético.
Empirical Evidence on the US Labour Market Hysteresis: New Keynesian Wage Phillips Curve (1990-2014)
Authors: BAŞTAV Leyla
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the concept of hysteresis for the US economy vs natural rate hypothesis during (1990:Q1-2014:Q4). Mainstream economics accepts the natural rate in the long run vs high and persistent unemployment idea of hysteresis. Unit root tests detect the nonstationarity of (un)employment series which may indicate hysteresis. Next, macroeconomic background is presented, and human capital or insider-outsider approaches are explained. With the (NKWPC) model, wage inflation is estimated with (un)employment variables and further with the output gap and growth of excess demand. Results reveal no hysteresis patterns except with the rate of change (ROC) of output during 2001 recession. Demand shocks or labour market factors may be causing nonstationarity of (un)employment according to which economic policy choice should be made regarding: demand management policies vs. labour market measures.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СУЩНОСТЬ КОМПЛЕКСА КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ В СФЕРЕ ЗАКУПОК ТОВАРОВ, РАБОТ, УСЛУГ
Authors: Chernikova G V
Published: April 2019

Цель: раскрыть содержание и экономическую сущность инструментов закупок товаров, работ, услуг, которые совместно представляют собой комплекс контрольных мероприятий. Обсуждение: раскрытие понятий общественный контроль, мониторинг, аудит эффективности; значимость и особенности применения обязательного общественного обсуждения; обоснование, выделение и раскрытие функций субъектов общественного контроля, контролирующих органов, которые требуют доработки на законодательном уровне. Результаты: доказана значимость контрольных мероприятий в закупочной деятельности через раскрытие инструментария закупок товаров, работ, услуг, который способствует проведению экономического анализа хозяйствующего субъекта.
Comparative Overview of Functional and Motor Preparedness of First- and Second-Year College Students
Authors: Barylko M. G.
Published: April 2019

The study objective is to determine the possibility of recognizing the state of functional and motor preparedness of first- and second-year male college students, using multidimensional statistical methods.

Materials and methods. The study involved first-year (n = 10) and second-year (n = 10) male students of Novomoskovsk College of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. To achieve the objective set, the study relied on the following research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics for processing research results.

Results. For practical application of discriminant analysis results, unstandardized canonical discriminant function coefficients are used. The probability of a case belonging to the predicted group is calculated based on substitution of values of variables for the corresponding case into the discriminant function. A comparison of the obtained results with centroid values makes it possible to determine the group the result belongs to.

Conclusions. Discriminant function structure coefficients are most closely related to variables that characterize functional preparedness (No. 3, 4, 5 “Serkin’s test”), coordination and strength preparedness (No. 15 “Evaluation of perception of motion strength parameters, 1/3”, No. 8 “Arms’ bending and straightening in a hanging position”, 9 “Bent-arm hang”, 10 “Standing long jump”). The division of boys into groups by functional and motor preparedness is carried out on the basis of unstandardized coefficients.
Motor Abilities: Peculiarities of Strength Effort Assessment in Boys Aged 11–13
Authors: Ivashchenko O. V. , Nosko M. O. , Cieślicka M. , Malyshev D. A.
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarities of strength effort assessment in boys aged 11–13.
Materials and methods. The study participants were boys aged 11 years (n = 22), 12 years (n = 31), 13 years (n = 33). The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The paper used methods of scientific literature analysis, testing, methods of mathematical statistics. The study assessed the right hand effort at 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 of the maximum. The assessment error was analyzed. To determine the peculiarities of strength effort assessment, the study used a t-test for paired observations and a t-test for independent samples.
Results. The analysis of the ability for strength effort assessment in the boys aged 11 and 13 showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the boys of this age. The boys demonstrate the best assessment of effort at 2/3 of the maximum. There are no statistically significant differences in the levels of development of the hand maximum strength (p > 0.05). The study has not found statistically significant differences in the levels of development of the ability for strength effort assessment in the boys aged 11–13 (p > 0.05). The boys of this age demonstrate the best assessment of effort at 2/3 of the maximum. A comparative analysis of the ability for strength effort assessment in the boys aged 12 and 13 did not reveal statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). The boys of this age demonstrate the best assessment of effort at 2/3 of the maximum. The boys aged 11–13 show the best assessment of effort reproduction at 2/3 of the maximum (p < 0.05). There is no statistically significant age-related dynamics in strength effort assessment in the boys aged 11–13. The correlation between the effort reproductions at 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3 of the maximum is not statistically significant.
Conclusions. In the process of physical education of boys aged 11–13, special attention should be paid to the development of motor control ability as the component of coordination training of schoolchildren.
Социальные практики набора в российских вузах
Authors: Урбан Ольга Андреевна
Published: April 2019

Цитирование: Урбан О.А. (2019) Социальные практики набора в российских вузах // Мир России. Т. 28. № 2. С. 125–147. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-2-125-147

соответствии с задачами модернизации системы высшего образования сформирована сеть университетов с особым статусом и дополнительной финансовой поддержкой (федеральные, национальные исследовательские и опорные), являющиеся центрами притяжения для молодежи из разных регионов Российской Федерации. Актуальной проблемой становится изучение социальных практик, посредством которых вузы, не имеющие особого статуса, привлекают к поступлению абитуриентов, и насколько эти практикиобеспечивают качественный набор абитуриентов, от которого во многом зависит формирование кадрового потенциала экономики и социальной сферы региона. Методологией исследования выбрана разработанная Т.И. Заславской концепция социальных практик.В статье на основе данных монографического исследования (case study) проводится анализ социальных практик набора и зачисления абитуриентов в российские вузы, целью которых является, с одной стороны, выполнение плановых цифр приема, с другой, соблюдение нормативных требований к эффективным вузам. Исследование показало инсти-туализацию практик, которые обеспечивают выживаемость вуза в текущем периоде, но в то же время порождают системные риски для вуза и потребителя в долгосрочнойперспективе. Обосновывается вывод, что данные практики являются неэффективным институтом. В статье предложена система мер, способствующих преодолению негативных последствий возникших практик и их трансформации в соответствии с целямирегиональной системы высшего образования.
Измерения власти по С. Льюксу
Authors: Балацкий Евгений Всеволодович
Published: April 2019

Цитирование: Балацкий Е.В. (2019) Измерения власти по С. Льюксу // Мир России. Т. 28. № 2. С. 172–187. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-2-172-187

В 2010 году в России была издана на русском языке книга Стивена Льюкса «Власть: Радикальный взгляд». Хотя в международном политологическом дискурсе эта монография давно стала классической, в России ее идеи до сих пор не получили широкого распространения. В связи с этим в статье сделана попытка не только дать краткий дайджест идей американского ученого, но и рассмотреть ряд современных примеров, которые могут быть плодотворно проинтерпретированы в терминах концепции С. Льюкса, и осмыслить некоторые следствия усиления феномена власти в информационном обществе, где возникают широкие возможности для манипулирования общественным мнением. Для этого проводятся параллели между концепцией трех измерений власти С. Льюкса, доктриной имплозии Ж. Бодрийяра и теорией дефицита внимания Д. Дзоло.
Возможна ли рабочая демократия?
Authors: Черныш Михаил Федорович
Published: April 2019

Цитирование: Черныш М.Ф. (2019) Возможна ли рабочая демократия? // Мир России. Т. 28. № 2. С. 84–97. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-2-84-97

В современной общественной мысли в отношении возможности рабочего самоуправления сложились два противоположных подхода – элитистский и демократический. Первый базируется на аристотелевой идее естественности производственных иерархий, извечного и непреодолимого деления общества на управляющих и управляемых. Второй подход, нередко амбивалентный, зиждется на идее включения рядовых работников в процесс управления. Каждый из подходов имеет длинную историю и собственных идеологов. Эксперименты по внедрению демократических подходов не смогли склонить чашу весов в чью-либо сторону. Несмотря на то, что большинство подходов оказывались неудачными, в конечном итоге именно они подсказывали промышленным элитам в развитых странах пути оптимизации производственной деятельности, сохранения рабочих, занятых на предприятиях, в качестве граждан, способных к разумному участию в политическом процессе в своих странах, с одной стороны, и потребителей, готовых приобретать все более сложные продукты, производимые промышленностью, с другой. Успешность экспериментов по внедрению развитых форм рабочего самоуправления в значительной степени определялась социально-политическим контекстом, в котором они ставились, а также идеологическими установками самих экспериментаторов. Российские эксперименты по внедрению принципов рабочего самоуправления осуществлялись в условиях предельной централизации производства, господства плановой системы, сводившей процесс принятия решений на низовом уровне к минимуму. Вместе с тем многие из форм хозяйственной самоорганизации рабочих прижились на промышленных предприятиях в развитых странах, а кооперативы, управляемые работниками, продемонстрировали высокий уровень хозяйственной эффективности. Включенность рядовых работников в процесс управления – это необходимый шаг на пути решения важнейшей из проблем, с которыми сталкивается современное общество, – проблемой неравенства.
Мечта о хорошем образовании: противоречия развития образовательных общностей в российских университетах
Authors: Зборовский Гарольд Ефимович , Амбарова Полина Анатольевна
Published: April 2019

Цитирование: Зборовский Г.Е., Амбарова П.А. (2019) Мечта о хорошем образовании: противоречия развития образовательных общностей в российских университетах // Мир России. Т. 28. № 2. С. 98–124. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-2-98-124

В статье доказывается, что качественное высшее образование возможно только в том случае, если обеспечено развитие двух основных образовательных общностей – студенчества и научно-педагогического сообщества. Проблемы такого образования анализируются сквозь призму противоречий, существующих между 1) мотивацией образовательных общностей на качественное высшее образование и способами достижения этой цели, 2) целями развития образовательных общностей и интересами управления в сфере высшего образования, 3) усилиями и ресурсами, затрачиваемыми на развитие образовательных общностей, и результатами этого процесса. Цель нашего исследования состоит в выявлении предпосылок, содержания и последствий указанных выше противоречий и поиске путей их разрешения в условиях неопределенности развития российского высшего образования. Авторы связывают способы и пути урегулирования этих противоречий с переходом к нелинейной модели высшего образования, которая рассматривается как инструмент осуществления социального эксперимента по созданию системы высшего образования в конкретном макрорегионе – федеральном округе. Подчеркивается, что объективная необходимость такого эксперимента существует, а в качестве его базы предлагается Уральский федеральный округ (УрФО). Одной из задач эксперимента является разрешение противоречий в развитии образовательных общностей уральских вузов, раскрытию которых и посвящена эта статья, написанная на материалах эмпирических исследований, проведенных в УрФО.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation meta-analysis of time-to-event data v1
Authors: Frank Roh Hyunsuk , Hyuk Nam Seung , Mogg Kim Jung
Published: April 2019

Survival benefit of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been investigated in terms of hazard ratios, not relative risks, to better weigh its beneficiary and adverse effects.
Socio-demographic and lifestyle influences on falls among the elderly persons living in Gatanga Sub-County, Murang’a County, Central Kenya: A cross-section study v3
Authors: Kimani Ernest , Karanja Simon , Muthami Lawrence
Published: April 2019

An estimated one-third of the elderly people worldwide sustain falls every year, which contributes to over 20% of injuries in this age group. In the central region of (Mount) Kenya, despite increasing awareness about this condition, the magnitude as well as the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors leading to falls in the elderly are not well known. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of falls, their outcomes, and the factors influencing their occurrence among the elderly persons living in Gatanga Sub-County, Murang’a County, central Kenya. An analytical cross-sectional study design was used. Using systematic random sampling, 426 out of 9247 study participants were identified and interviewed at home. Using a structured interview form, data was collected on socio-demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle, and medical factors, as well as on fall or non-fall status from September 2016 to August 2017. With 41%, the prevalence of falls amongst the elderly in this region is high. The farming lifestyle involving animal husbandry and medical illnesses are significantly associated with falls. To reduce the occurrence of falls, we need to better understand the underlying contributing factors and the integration of relevant preventive measures that reduce the risk of falls in communities of the elderly.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SOL-GEL PROCESS IN THE SYSTEM YxBax+nCu2x+nOδ (x = 1, n=1, x=2, n=3, x=3, n=2)
Authors: Pilipenko A. , Fesych I. , Nedilko S. , Dzyazko A.
Published: April 2019

With the help of sol-gel technology was obtained superconducting compound number YxBax+nCu2x+nOδ (x=1, n=1; x=2, n=3; x=3, n=2) with submicron size particles. As a gel maker in these systems was used citric acid monohydrate. An extensive scheme fusion technology was shown. The process described synthesis using thermal, infrared spectroscopic analysis and scanning electron microscopy. There are some aggregations of microparticles mostly for the phases that are synthesized at higher temperatures. Due to Thermal Analysis of modes were optimized heat treatment samples. According to IR spectroscopy were controlled processes of decomposition of the charge and the formation of the superconducting phase. It was grounded the choice of analysis methods for the starting compounds and the present calculation algorithm for this synthesis. Studies have shown that even at the beginning of the synthesis batch contained no impurity compound allowing argued that the sol-gel synthesis is a promising method that provides high homogeneity of the material the early stages of the synthesis and enables lower temperature and a subsequent heat treatment. The results of electron microscopy showed that due to the relatively low temperature of synthesis occurs the formation of submicron sized particles, while solid-phase techniques facilitate rapid crystal growth due to the formation of liquid phases at high temperature. The principles and ideas described in this paper can be adapted to more complex oxide systems. Thus, in this paper describes how you can achieve chemical homogeneity at the molecular level in multicomponent systems YxBax+nCu2x+nOδ (x=1, n=1; x=2, n=3; x=3, n=2) using sol-gel technology.
Öğretmenlerin Pozitif Psikolojik Sermaye Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: YALÇIN Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Sinan
Published: April 2019

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Öğretmenlerin pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan bu araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Erzincan il merkezinde bulunan ilkokul, ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapmakta olan öğretmenler arasından rastgele örneklem yöntemiyle seçilen toplam 217 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler frekans, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma t-testi ve tek yönlü ANOVA teknikleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri oldukça yüksek çıkmıştır. Pozitif psikolojik sermaye alt boyutları açısından öğretmenlerin en yüksek ortalamaya sahip oldukları boyut, “güven” boyutu olmuştur. Öğretmenlerin pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri cinsiyetlerine göre “öz yeterlilik” boyutunda erkek öğretmenlerin lehine anlamlı bir farklılık gösterirken, “umut”, “psikolojik dayanıklılık”, “iyimserlik” boyutlarında ise anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. 
Finansal Gelişme ve Gelir Eşitsizliği: BRICS Ekonomileri İçin Dinamik Heterojen Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: KAR Bahar Baysal , KAR Mikail
Published: April 2019

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Bu çalışmada, 1990-2014 dönemi boyunca BRICS ekonomilerinde finansal gelişmenin gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki rolü araştırılmaktadır. İçselliği kontrol etmek için finansal gelişme göstergelerine ek olarak, kişi başına düşen reel GSYH’nın büyüme oranı, beşeri sermaye endeksi ve GSYH içerisinde modern sektörün payı araç değişkeni olarak kullanılmıştır ve gelir eşitsizliği gini katsayısı ile ölçülmüştür. Havuzlanmış ortalama grup (PMG) tahmincisine dayalı ampirik sonuçlar, bu yükselen ekonomilerde finansal gelişmenin düşük gelir gruplarına yarar sağlamadığını ileri süren, gelir eşitsizliğini arttırıcı hipotezi desteklemektedir. Diğer bir ifade ile ampirik bulgular finansal gelişmenin gelir eşitsizliğini uzun dönemde arttırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmanın politika iması, bu ekonomilerde gelir eşitsizliği ile mücadele etmek için mevcut ekonomi politikalarının finansal erişimin öneminin farkına varması gerektiğidir. 
KIRILGAN 8’LİDE MAKROEKONOMİK DEĞİŞKENLER İLE KREDİ NOTLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: SANDALCILAR Ali Rıza , ALTINER Ali , ÇOLAK Yusuf
Published: April 2019

Derecelendirme kuruluşlarının verdiği kredi notları
uluslararası yatırım kararları üzerinde olumlu ve/veya olumsuz etkiler yapmaktadır.
Bu durum söz konusu kuruluşların derecelendirme işlemlerinde objektif
davranmadıkları; hatta ekonomik krizleri tetiklediği tartışmasını beraberinde
getirmektedir. Çalışmada Kırılgan 8’li grubu ülkelerin makroekonomik
değişkenleri ile Moody’s Investors Service Inc. ’in bu ülke gurubuna verdiği
kredi notları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Öncelikle yatay
kesit bağımlılığı  ve   testleriyle,
serilerin durağanlığı ise CIPS birim kök testiyle araştırılmıştır. Eğim
katsayılarının homojenliği Swamy S testiyle incelenmiş ve uygulanan Westerlund
ve Edgerton (2007) eşbütünleşme testi sonucunda seriler arasında eşbütünleşme
ilişkisinin olmadığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak seriler Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel nedensellik
testine tabi tutularak kredi notundan doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, enflasyon
oranı ve ekonomik büyüme oranına doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin
varlığı tespit edilmiştir.  Ancak tersi
durumun varlığı ile kredi notlarıyla işsizlik oranları arasında nedensellik
ilişkisine rastlanılamamıştır.
Prevalence of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: C. Shakthi , B. Sritharan , M. Muthuveeran , M. R. Manivannan , C. Justin , D. GanesaPandian
Published: April 2019

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative movement disorder characterised by motor symptoms of rest tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability and non-motor symptoms (NMS) which include neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbances, autonomic symptoms, sensory symptoms and symptoms of mixed aetiology. Parkinson’s Disease Non Motor Group (PD-NMG) devised a comprehensive clinic-based self-completed NMS questionnaire that allows easy identification of NMS by the physician. Most NMS have a poor response to dopaminergic therapy as it is due to dysfunction of the serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways. Treatment of these nonmotor symptoms help in improving the quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Methods: There were 100 patients with Parkinson’s disease who had presented to our neuromedicine movement clinic were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed as PD based on UK Parkinson’s disease brain bank criteria. The inclusion criteria were diagnosis as PD, age >18 yrs, inclusion of both males and females and consent for the study. Patients with atypical parkinsonism and secondary parkinsonism, stroke, intake of antipsychotics were excluded from the study. Non motor symptom questionnaire was given to the study group and frequency of occurrence of each non motor symptoms and their predominance in both males and females were studied. The frequency of each NMS was calculated by computing the number of yes response and calculating the percentage related to the number of patients in the sample. Analysis was done to calculate the frequency of all NMS among the enrolled patient.Results: Nocturnal sleep disturbances (43%) were most common followed by constipation (29%).The most common non motor symptoms in males were constipation (20%), urinary urgency (18%) and nocturia (11%).The most common non motor symptoms in females were nocturnal sleep disturbance (25%), feeling sad (19%), unexplained pains (17%) and being anxious (13%).Conclusions: Non motor symptom questionnaire helps in screening patients with Parkinson’s disease of non-motor symptoms and aims at providing holistic treatment improving the quality of life.
Comparative study of different modalities of treatment for large upper ureteric calculi
Authors: Darakh Prashant Purushotham , Ramesh Ravikumar Banavase , Doshi Chirag
Published: April 2019

Background: Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases and has become a worldwide health problem. Minimally invasive therapies such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, RIRS and laparoscopic surgery have revolutionized the treatment of ureteric calculi, altering surgical treatment dramatically.Methods: It was a prospective randomized study conducted between March 2012 to March 2017. 60 patients with large upper ureteric calculi of >15 mm in size were randomly selected for the study. Diagnosis was made using ultrasonography, plain X-ray KUB, IVU and spiral CT KUB. Patients were divided randomly into 4 groups of 15 patients each. Routine post-op X-ray KUB and USG were done for all the patients. All the data was recorded and analysed.Results: LAP group had the highest stone clearance rate (100%) in our study. The difference in stone clearance rate was statistically significant when compared with ESWL (73.33%) and URS group (66.7%), whereas no statistical significance was found between LAP and PCNL group (93.33%). URS group in our study had highest intra-operative complications (33.33%) and laparoscopic group had least number of complications. Post-procedural complications occurred in 1 patient (6.7%) in URS group, 2 patients in ESWL group (13.3%) and 1patient each in LAP and PCNL group (6.7%).Conclusions: Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy is a feasible and effective method of treating large (>15 mm) upper ureteric calculus. It is associated with least intra-operative complications and semirigid ureteroscopy has highest intra-operative complications.
A comprehensive study on colorectal malignancies
Authors: Velayutham Parthasarathy , Velayutham Sakthivel
Published: April 2019

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the cancers whose incidence is increasing globally. Coupled with the relatively sophisticated and expensive management protocols, it poses a major health systems challenge.Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study conducted among patients admitted with colorectal carcinoma in the General Surgery wards in a tertiary care hospital. Data was collected using a pretested pre-structured interview schedule. Relevant lab and radiographic workup was done.Results: A total of 50 subjects were studied. The study population was largely male, illiterate and in the older age groups. The lesions were mostly left-sided and located in the rectum. 10% presented with metastasis and 16% presented as acute intestinal obstruction. Most of the lesions were in the Dukes’ stage C and mostly moderately differentiated. The common surgical procedures done in elective cases were curative abdomino-perineal obstruction and right hemicolectomy.Conclusions: Being a disease associated with old age and non-vegetarian dietary habits and requiring advanced surgery as gold standard treatment, colorectal cancer is especially important in a country undergoing disease-favorable epidemiologic and demographic transitions like India.
Comparison of intraincisional vs intraperitoneal bupivacaine for the control of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Bacha Umar Qadir , Mushtaque Majid , Tahir Sifna
Published: April 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of infiltration of local anaesthetic bupivacaine at incision site (port site) and intraperitoneally on postoper­ative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: This was a randomized controlled study carried out on patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into three groups of 60 patients each. Group 1 was the control group which did not receive either intraincisional or intraperitoneal bupivacaine. Group 2 received intraincisional bupivacaine 0.25% 20 ml, while group 3 received 20 ml solution of bupivacaine 0.25% 20 ml intraperitoneally. Postoperative pain was recorded for 24 hours post-operatively.Results: The incidence of abdominal pain was significantly lower in the group which received intraincisional bupivacaine upto 12 hours postoperatively. Right shoulder pain was low in group receiving intraperitoneal bupivacaine as compared to group 2, but it was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Intraincisional (port site) infiltration of bupivacaine is more effective than intraperitoneal infiltration for postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It is easier to apply and there is less requirement of postoperative analgesics.
Clinical profile of hypernatremia in exclusively breast-fed neonates
Authors: Devadas Sahana , C. R. Ranjitha , Sabapathy Sarala , K. Mallesh
Published: April 2019

Background: Neonatal hypernatremia is a potentially lethal condition. This study was planned to find out the predisposing factors and outcome of hypernatremia in breast feed late preterm and term neonates.Methods: In defined study period, neonates with serum sodium level >145mmol/L, who satisfies all the inclusion criteria are included in the study.  The data was collected using a proforma which included clinical symptoms, risk factors for neonatal hypernatremia in addition to laboratory data.Results: The results demonstrated hypernatremia in 63 neonates with mean age of presentation being 4.5 days, mean sodium level of 154.2 and average weight loss was 13.2%. Neonates admitted at older age >7days had higher sodium concentration with mean of 162.5mmol/L. Serum sodium levels correlates positively with percentage of weight loss and correlates negatively with birth weight and was statistically significant with p value <0.05. 41(65%) of mothers were primipara, 37(58%) had delivered by LSCS and 39(62%) had lactation issues postnatally. Most common presenting symptom was jaundice in 44(71%), followed by fever in 38(61%).Conclusions: Hypernatremic dehydration can be prevented by counselling about importance of breast feeding for the mothers starting from antenatal period, early initiation of breast feeding, addressing lactation issues and monitoring daily weight.
PATHWAYS FROM PAIN TO RESILIENCE
Authors: Brendtro Larry K.
Published: April 2019

Abraham Maslow was among the first to hypothesize that most emotional and behavioral problems stem from unmet needs. Now, a large body of research on brain science, trauma, and resilience validates this concept. Humans experience emotional pain when their needs are frustrated. The most basic biosocial needs are for attachment, achievement, autonomy, and altruism. When these needs are met, children thrive. When they are not met, children experience pain-based emotions, thinking, and behavior. This article explores research and practical strategies for responding to the needs beneath pain-based behavior instead of reacting to problems.
Pilot Testing of a Microbiological Method for Disposal of Spent Hydrocarbon Oils
Authors: Filatov D.A. , Ovsyannikova V.S. , Sharshov K.A. , Zabelin V.A. , Chuikina D.I.
Published: April 2019

Pilot testing of a microbiological method for disposal of spent hydrocarbon oils (HO) by a previously developed consortium of hydrocarbon oxidizing microorganisms (HOM): Aquamicrobium lusatiense strain 854/1 (AM884147); Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain HNYM10 (JN 999888), Paracoccus aminophilus strain ATCC 7061 (NR_043242), Gordonia hydrophobica strain DSM44015 (NR_926254), Bacillus pumilus strain ATCC 7061 (NR_043242). When cultivated under flow conditions in liquid mineral medium with spent oil, their population increased from 1,5–2·104 CFU/ml to 5–6·109 CFU/ml, which was accompanied by a significant increase in their enzymatic activity. The effectiveness of biodegradation of oil at its initial concentration of 25 and 50 wt. % was 93–94 % during 60 days. All hydrocarbons in the composition of the oil to some extent underwent microbiological oxidation, and, depending on the structure, the degree of their disposal was 82–100 %.
The Method of Obtaining Amorphous Nanosized Silicon Dioxide from Rice Production Waste
Authors: Nghia Ngo Hong , Zenitova L.A. , Dien Le Quang , Truyen Dao Ngoc
Published: April 2019

The method of using rice husk, which is a rice production waste, as a raw material for the production of silicon dioxide as an alternative to synthetic silicon dioxide – aerosil is considered. A low-energy process for extracting silicon dioxide and cellulose from the husk by alkaline digestion in an NaOH solution was proposed, followed by treating the black liquor with an acid solution and calcining the precipitate at 575 °C during 5 hours. The yield of inorganic products from rice husk is determined based on the ash content of the pulp. It was shown that the product obtained mainly consists of silicon dioxide (SiO2) of amorphous structure, has an average particle size of less than 100 nm, which makes it possible to characterize it as nanosilica. At the same time, silicon dioxide consists of 51.7 % silicon and 48.3% oxygen against theoretical amounts of 30.4 % silicon and 69.6 % oxygen, respectively. The output of silicon dioxide is 8.8 % by weight of rice husk. At the same time, the process allows to obtain another valuable nanocellulose product.
Geoecological Monitoring on the Territory of Underground Disposal Sites of Highly Mineralized Waters in Western Yakutia
Authors: Legostaeva Ya.B. , Ksenofontova M.I. , Popov V.F.
Published: April 2019

The safe disposal of highly mineralized runoff in the development of indigenous diamond deposits in Western Yakutia is the most important task of ensuring a favorable geo-ecological situation in the region. Using the example of a large experimental material collected at the industrial site of the Udachninsky mining and processing plant, PJSC ALROSA, the geoecological situation in the area of underground drainage water disposal sites was assessed. Under the conditions of a complex and dynamic cryohydrogeological situation on the background of an increase in the volume of water inflow into the mine workings, the excess of the capacitive capabilities of the reservoirs of the storage tanks of the brine can lead to serious geoecological problems. Markers that identify the effects of highly mineralized water on the main abiotic components of the region's ecosystems – soil, bottom sediments and surface water – are strontium and lithium.
What is the status of "knowledge translation" in Iranian medical sciences researches?
Authors: Vali Lila , Hosseini Saeed , Rahimi Hamed , Kalantari Ali Reza
Published: April 2019

no available.
Comparative Meta-analysis of Fifty-one Iranian Medical Universities Regarding Faculty Members Information
Authors: Barzegar Kazem , Barzegar Somayeh
Published: April 2019

Background: Faculty members are the key components of any medical university. The number, specialty, scientific rank, and H-index play a significant role in the general primacy of any university. This study compared 51 Iranian medical universities regarding faculty members in terms of total number of faculty members per medical university, ISI articles of each top faculty member, citations, average citations per paper of each, H-index, their scientific rank, and their specialty.
Methods: In this analytic-descriptive study conducted in 2018 in Yazd, Iran, the data were gleaned from 51 Iranian medical universities affiliated to  the Iranian Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education using Electronic Scientific Measurement System and analyzed with SPSS19 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using descriptive statistics of frequency, range, mean, SD, and also correlations. Independent medical schools, medical research centers, and Islamic Azad University medical schools were excluded.
Results: Data analysis showed the maximum and minimum number of faculty members at each medical university, total number of ISI articles, total citations, citations per paper, H-index, scientific rank, and specialty of each top faculty member. There were statistically weak, moderate, and strong correlations between the five variables under study.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there were 18972 medical faculty members teaching and researching in Iranian medical universities. Yet, there was an imbalance in the variables under study in different medical universities located in different parts of Iran. A more balanced distribution of faculty members and resources is required to improve medical education in all parts of Iran. The findings of the study may be added to the WHO database to be used by foreign students and scholars who want to study medicine or carry out research in Iranian medical universities.
Survey on the Relationship between Organizational Silence and Management Styles from the Viewpoint of Employees of TUMS General Hospitals 2016
Authors: Shirvani Maryam , Arab Mohammad , Karami Hassan , Delavari Sajad , Kiani Mohammad Mehdi
Published: April 2019

Background: Management style is one of the factors that could cause staff unwillingness for sharing information and ideas that ultimately leads to dominance silence culture in organizations. This study aimed at determining the relationship between management style and organizational silence in hospitals affiliated by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This study was an analytical, descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2016. The study population included all employees of General Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences with 4251 employees that 354 among this population were selected as samples with stratified random sampling method. Organizational silence questionnaire by Vakola and Bouradas was used for data collection. The reliability of the questionnaire was α = 0.83 assessed by Cronbach’s alpha method. Data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient and also post-test experience if necessary. SPSS19 software was used for analyzing the data.
Results: The results showed that there was a positive and meaningful relationship between exploitative-authoritative and benevolent-authoritative styles and organizational silence (P<0.001). Furthermore, organizational silence in Baharloo and Shariati hospital compared to other hospitals were more common.
Conclusion: Given that the type of management style on organizational silence is very important, managers should support free and open communication to reduce organizational silence
Part 6: Are we there yet? Life after UWI
Authors: DePass Cecille , Subero Terry / Teresa (Lee) , Edwards Marcia , Griffin Shirley Woodley , Dabydeen Cyril , Morrissey Michael , Baugh Edward , Lumsden Faye
Published: April 2019

Impacts of Geography on our Lives: Reflections