bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Gasification Temperature on Biohydrogen Derived from Waste
Agro Products for Alternative Fuel Application
Authors: Venkatesh R. , De Poures Melvin Victor , Raguraman B. , Marimuthu S. , Devanathan C. , Baranitharan Balakrishnan , Madhu S. , Kaliyaperumal Gopal , Manickaraj Pethuraj
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen fuel is becoming a popular choice in many energy applications because of
its innovative green technology, which produces zero carbon emissions. It also
offers better efficiency than fossil fuels. Current research focuses on
obtaining hydrogen energy from agricultural waste using a gasification process.
This process involves heating the waste at gasification temperatures 300, 400,
500, 600, and 700°C, maintaining a residence time of 60 minutes, and applying a
gasification pressure of 20 bar. The effects of gasification temperature on the
effectiveness of hydrogen production are examined. At a high gasification
temperature of 700°C and a residence time of 60 minutes, the processed agro
feedstock showed impressive results. It achieved a molar fraction of 12% carbon
dioxide (CO2), 31% methane (CH4), and 55% hydrogen
(H2), leading to an improved hydrogen yield of 15.2 mol/kg.
Additionally, it demonstrated better hydrogen selectivity at 8.1 and a higher
gasification efficiency of 61%, outperforming results from other gasification
temperatures. Bio-green hydrogen is used as an alternative fuel for energy
purposes.
Mechanical and Thermal Characterization of Paraffin-Based Hybrid
Rocket Fuels
Authors: Karthik P. , Kumaran V. , Srinivasan P. , Parthiban N.
Published: January 2025

This paper presents thermal properties and mechanical strength of hybrid rocket
fuels with the base material of paraffin wax. The mechanical strength includes
breaking point strain, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength at ultimate
point for three different variant of paraffin-based formulations were examined
and results were compared with pure paraffin fuels. The results indicate that
the tensile strength and elastic modulus of paraffin-Al fuel having Al 5 wt %
were increased by 32.2%, and 14.1% respectively compared to those of pure
paraffin. The average tensile strength and elastic modulus of paraffin-CB (0.5
to 1.5 wt%) fuel were increased by 29.5%, and 16.3% compared to pure paraffin,
respectively. Thermal properties were derived from were carried out with
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to explore the endothermic and
exothermic reactions of samples with paraffin-based fuels. The values of heat of
fusion calculated from the area under endothermic reaction were found about
120J/g and 126J/g for the paraffin and paraffin/polyethylene sample,
respectively.
Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, Alclad, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024, -T3 Sheet/-T351 Plate with 1-1/2% Alclad), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked, and Naturally Aged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: January 2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet and plate alclad two sides, over 0.187 to 1.000 inch (over 4.750 to 25.40 mm) in nominal thickness, supplied in the -T3/-T351 temper (see 8.5).
Aluminum Alloy Bars, Rods, and Wire Rolled or Cold Finished, and Rings, 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7075-T6, 7075-T651), Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: January 2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of rolled or cold-finished bars, rods, and wire and of flash-welded rings conforming to the dimensions listed in Table 2 (see 8.6).
Aluminum Alloy, Extrusion, 3.7Cu - 1.15Li - 0.5Zn - 0.45Ag - 0.4Mg - 0.3Mn - 0.1Zr (2055-T84), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching 2% to 5% and Aged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: January 2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles.
Trendi intenzivnih padavin v Sloveniji v obdobju 1961–2020
Authors: Mužina Gašper
Published: January 2025

Prostorska razporeditev intenzivnih padavin v Sloveniji za obdobje 1961–2020 je skladna z razporeditvijo povprečne letne višine padavin. Intenzivne padavine so najpogostejše na območju alpsko-dinarske pregrade, ki je najbolj namočen del Slovenije. Število dni z intenzivnimi padavinami nad 30 in 50 mm je v omenjenem obdobju na splošno naraščalo, nad 70 mm pa upadalo. Analiza po posameznih postajah, ki predstavljajo podnebne in padavinske razmere na posameznih območjih, je pokazala, da so v krajih z zmerno sredozemskim padavinskim režimom maksimumi intenzivnih padavin pogostejši jeseni, na območjih z zmerno celinskim padavinskim režimom pa poleti.
The Three Seas Initiative
Authors: Juri Luka
Published: January 2025

The study examines the Three Seas Initiative as a geopolitical and geoeconomic platform in Central and Eastern Europe and asks whether its primary purpose is economic development or a military strategy. Using a comparative analysis of the economic and geopolitical dimensions, it concludes that while the Three Seas Initiative projects offer economic benefits, they primarily serve strategic military objectives. It emphasizes the role of Three Seas Initiative in strengthening NATO capabilities and its alignment with U.S. geopolitical priorities.
Styl transcendentalny we współczesnym kinie festiwalowym na przykładzie filmu W żółtym kokonie (Bên trong vỏ kén vàng) Pham Thiên Âna
Authors: Franciszczak Maciej , Koziorowski Arkadiusz
Published: January 2025

Contemporary mediascapes are increasingly infl uenced by transnational logics. One of the most important factors contributing to that situation is the network of international film festivals that in recent decades have evolved into complex multifaceted institutions shaping cinema around the globe. Researchers like Cindy Wong point out that programmers have numbers of predilections towards certain qualities. This has led to the creation of the socalled “festival film genre.” We want to examine these issues through a case study of Pham Thiên Ân’s Inside the Yellow Cocoon Shell (2023), a Vietnamese movie that was awarded the Caméra d’Or at Cannes. In my close reading I give consideration to institutions that fund the movie, as well as recurring religious and local themes. Most importantly, I draw my formal analysis from notions of slow cinema and Paul Schrader’s transcendental style, demonstrating that they are both closely related to the aesthetics of the “festival film.”
Party Dealignment, Multiconflictual Party Systems and Transformation of Cleavages:Theoretical Considerations
Authors: Cabada Ladislav , Charvát Jakub
Published: January 2025

Political partisanship in Europe has undergone a significant and multifaceted transformation in recent decades. The importance of long-term party predispositions for electoral choice and cleavage-based appeals has been declining in last decades, esulting, inter alia, in the growing importance of issue-based voting, but also in increasing party system fragmentation and political polarisation. This paper provides a systematic and theory-grounded discussion on the recent development of identities and political cleavages, and the consequences of this development on political polarisation and party politics, specifically stressing political trust as the measure strongly related with the political polarisation and thus also with the (post)modern party politics. To this point, the paper reflects the family of neo-modernization theories prioritizing economic/rational choice nature of polarisation. These theories are framed in response to globalization, economic and cultural change, the collapse of communism, and decline of labour-centred left politics, and explicitly link the changes in the structure of society in Western democracies with cultural change, i.e. values, and reflect the fundamental change associated with the weakening of the link between the working class and left-wing politics. The paper concludes that the process under study has been rather evolutionary over the last seventy years, with psychology based on both (dis)trust between members of different social groups and distrust in political institutions plays a significant role in the polarisation of contemporary societies.
Defining and Researching Populist Parties in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Lenik Paulina , Styczyńska Natasza
Published: January 2025

One of the first constatations for those researching populist parties is the lack
of one, universal definition of the concept of populism. That reads directly into the ways
we try to capture populist parties. Certain features unify the populist actors, primarily
the supply of rhetoric to safeguard the majority rule of the people, by some referred to as
populist ideology (Mudde, Kaltwasser, 2013). However, not only the definition of populism
creates challenges to the proper identification of populist parties. Several other
notions, such as ideology or left-right placement – and the misalignment in its general
understanding – increase the complexity of studies that attempt to compare populist parties.
The article focuses on theoretical aspects of populism studies, with a special focus
on the populist parties in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) that developed in a peculiar
post-communist setting that influenced party performance in the region.
CONFIGURACIÓN DEL DELITO DE NEGOCIACIÓN INCOMPATIBLE EN LAS SENTENCIAS DE LA CORTE SUPREMA DEL PERÚ EN LOS AÑOS 2015-2022
Authors: García León Godofredo André
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación tuvo como objeto analizar los criterios que esbozó la Corte Suprema del Perú en los años 2015 a 2022 para determinar cuándo se configura el delito de Negociación Incompatible en específico, su elemento normativo interés indebido. Para resolver este problema, se consultó las bases teóricas de especialistas del derecho nacional y comparado, además a través de un enfoque cuantitativo, se trabajó con una muestra de 20 sentencias que representaron el total de ejecutorias y casaciones emitidas sobre la materia en específico, las mismas que fueron analizadas al tamiz de la técnica de análisis documental y ficha de contenido, información que fue examinada con la aplicación de los métodos inductivo, sintético y de análisis, concluyéndose, que los principales criterios que se advirtió de los dictados de las Salas Penales de la Corte Suprema para definir cuando existe interés indebido típico del delito de negociación incompatible son principalmente: las irregularidades administrativas graves en el proceso de contratación, los vínculos externos que tuvo el funcionario competente que decantaron su interés en el contrato u operación, el principio de confianza como límite de actuación de funcionarios en las contrataciones públicas, y que el actuar del funcionario haya conducido a una puesta en riesgo del patrimonio a la administración Estatal.
Customer Satisfaction Mediates Service Quality And Price Perception On Customer Loyalty
Authors: Hardian Hardian
Published: January 2025

The present study aims to analyse the effect of service quality and price perception on loyalty, as mediated by customer satisfaction, in the context of the selection of educational institutions by parents of students. The study adopts a quantitative approach, utilising a survey method, and involves 181 respondents who are parents of students. These respondents were selected through a purposive sampling technique. The data collection was conducted through a Google Form-based questionnaire, while data analysis employed the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method, utilising WarpPLS V.8 software. The results of the analysis demonstrate that service quality and price perception exert a substantial influence on parental satisfaction and loyalty. The study concluded that good service quality fosters trust and satisfaction, while reasonable price perception fosters long-term loyalty. The findings of this study corroborate the significance of service and pricing strategies in enhancing learner retention.
Analysys Of The Influence Of Service Quality And Customer Satisfaction At Customer Loyalty And Corporate Image In Tge Company It Service Delivery Pt Xyz
Authors: Fahmirakhman Abdullah Reyhan , Apsari Sugiat Maria
Published: January 2025

This research explores a number of factors that contribute to customer loyalty and corporate image in the context of IT services. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the variables of service quality and customer satisfaction with customer loyalty and corporate image. This research provides important implications for the management of PT XYZ in improving service quality and customer satisfaction to strengthen customer loyalty and improve the company's image. Therefore, recommendations are given to improve service strategies and customer relationship management to maintain and increase customer loyalty and improve the company's image in the IT service industry.
Analysis of Enterprise Resource Planning Integration in Supply Chain Management at PT. Dayamitra Telekomunikasi (Mitratel)
Authors: Noval Murizadin Noval Murizadin , Mulyani Sari Rini
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand and analyze the integration of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in Supply Chain Management (SCM) at PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi. The method used in this research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews with managers and officers from Mitratel. The results of the study indicate that the integration of ERP in SCM at Mitratel has a positive impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of SCM operations, allowing the company to gain a competitive advantage. Research on ERP integration in SCM at PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi is still limited. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct further in-depth research on ERP integration in SCM at Mitratel.
MAG WELDING TECHNOLOGY USING THE TRAM-RAIL 5G2 FOR A COGIDUR BLOCK WITH A COPPER BACKING
Authors:   NIVAR Niš, Srbija, Mitić Dragan , Jović Nikola ,   VOSSLOH Niš, Srbija, Gruber Davor ,   DGNDT Niš, Srbija
Published: January 2025

The paper presents the technology of welding the tram switch of the butt joint of tram-rail 54G2(W.N.1.0623,group 11.3) for a block of Cogidure (W.N.1.8715,group 3.2) MAG process with solid wire with copper backing. In addition, an overview of non- destructive testing of the welded joint is given (VT,PT,UT), as well as macrostructure and hardness was given. Twoqualification test were performed, one of which passed fracture test with vatiable load and frequence, and the other passed macrotest.
The Responsibilities of Notaries in Assisting the Issuance of Business Identification Numbers (NIB) for Non-Legal Entity Businesses Through Online Single Submission
Authors: Rizky Nindia , Fajri Mekka Putra Mohamad
Published: January 2025

The Business Identification Number (NIB) serves as the official identity for business entities and must be obtained through the Online Single Submission (OSS) system. Business actors are required to register their business entities through the OSS system to ensure legal certainty regarding business licensing. However, in practice, many business actors delegate the registration process to notaries by granting a power of attorney, despite this practice not being explicitly regulated in current laws and regulations. This study aims to analyze the legal basis and responsibilities of notaries in assisting business actors with the registration process through the OSS system. Using a doctrinal research approach, the study employs both secondary data from literature and primary data from interviews. The findings reveal that the power of attorney granted to notaries holds legal validity, making notaries responsible for tasks specified in the power of attorney, particularly in assisting with data entry in the OSS system. Notaries who fail to fulfill these duties may face administrative sanctions (e.g., written warnings), civil sanctions (e.g., compensation), or criminal sanctions. The implications of this research emphasize the need for clearer legal provisions regarding the role and responsibilities of notaries in the OSS registration process, which would enhance legal certainty and accountability in business licensing practices.
Notary Position Violations Regarding the Signing of a Cooperation Agreement Deed Outside the Notary's Jurisdiction
Authors: Ramadhanti Fiola , Lukman Arsin
Published: January 2025

Notaries, as public officials, are entrusted with the authority to create written evidence in the form of notarial deeds, as regulated by the Notary Position Law. This law serves as a guideline for notaries in issuing notarial deeds and performing their professional duties. This research aims to analyze the violation of professional conduct committed by a notary in signing a Cooperation Agreement Deed outside the notary's designated office area, with a focus on the Decision of the Notary Supervisory Panel Number 05/PTS/MPWN Prov. West Java/IV/2024. Additionally, it examines the considerations of the Notary Supervisory Panel in addressing such violations and their implications for the notary's responsibilities. The research employs a doctrinal approach, utilizing secondary data collected through literature and document studies. The findings indicate that the violation committed by a notary in signing a Cooperation Agreement Deed outside the notary's office area can compromise the authenticity of the deed, raising questions about its legal validity. This research has significant implications for the practice of notarial law, emphasizing the importance of adhering to the Notary Position Law to ensure the authenticity and legal enforceability of notarial deeds. The results also highlight the need for stricter oversight and clearer guidelines by supervisory panels to prevent similar violations and maintain the integrity of the notarial profession.
Alternative Implementation of the Cyber Notary Concept in Indonesia After the Amendment of Law Number 1 of 2024
Authors: Natawidjaja Tiffany
Published: January 2025

The integration of technology into various sectors has significantly increased productivity, including in the notarial field, where administrative and time-based tasks can be revolutionized. The amendment to Article 5 paragraph (4) of Law Number 11 Year 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions, through Law Number 1 Year 2024, establishes notarial deeds as electronic documents with legal evidentiary power. This development creates opportunities for implementing the "cyber notary" concept as outlined in Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Position. This study aims to analyze the potential application of the "cyber notary" concept within the framework of Indonesian law. A normative juridical research method was employed, using primary and secondary data analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that the absence of a clear definition of "cyber notary" often leads to misconceptions, such as equating it with performing notarial duties online. The study identifies alternatives for notaries to integrate "cyber notary" practices while adhering to existing legal frameworks and professional standards. The research highlights the necessity of amending the Notary Position Law to fully implement the "cyber notary" concept. Furthermore, specialized applications are required to support the creation of electronic deeds by notaries. These findings underline the importance of legal and technological reforms to enhance the effectiveness, security, and accessibility of notarial services in the digital era.
Dasar Hukum Program Inkubasi Bisnis Terhadap Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah
Authors: Rahman Fadly , Sodikin Sodikin
Published: January 2025

Perlindungan hukum terhadap upaya pemberdayaan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) melalui program inkubasi bisnis merupakan upaya pemerintah meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, meningkatkan investasi dan menciptakan lapangan kerja.  Dan apa yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah tercantum pada Peraturan Menteri Koperasi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (Permenkop UKM) No. 14 tahun 2023 tentang Norma, Standar, Prosedur dan Kriteria (NSPK) tentang Penyelenggaraan Pengembangan Inkubasi. Inkubator bisnis mempunyai peran dalam membantu pertumbuhan dan pengembangan UMKM serta melakukan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan kinerja UMKM. Penulisan ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian Hukum Normatif adalah penelitian yang mengkaji tentang data kepustakaan mengenai bahan hukum primer, seperti rancangan undang-undang, hasil penelitian, atau pendapat pakar hukum. UMKM di Indonesia menghadapi berbagai masalah, di antaranya Keterbatasan modal, Manajemen Keuangan, Masalah Perizinan, Kurangnya inovasi produk, Kesulitan mengembangkan Bisnis. Dengan adanya Inkubator Bisnis sangat membantu bagi UMKM dalam memperbaiki kinerjanya dan mendorong kreativitas UMKM.
Analisis Kepatuhan Pelaporan SPT Tahunan Wajib Pajak Karyawan Perorangan di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Bekasi Barat Tahun 2020-2022
Authors: Pahlev Irwan Reza , Pentanurbowo S , Hidayati Farida Nur
Published: January 2025

Kepatuhan wajib pajak merupakan bagian dari permasalahan yang sudah ada sejak lama, kepatuhan wajib pajak sendiri dapat meningkatkan penerimaan pajak. Namun, berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Dasar (KPP) Bekasi Barat, masih banyak wajib pajak yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban perpajakannya sebesar 74% pada tahun 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak karyawan perorangan, menganalisis kendala beserta solusi yang tepat dalam rangka meningkatkan penerimaan pajak.kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi karyawan di KPP Pratama Bekasi Barat.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan metode ini peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan informan.metode,  Dengan metode ini peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan informan yang telah ditentukan dan juga melakukan pengamatan langsung.dan juga melakukan pengamatan langsung. Hasil riset mengenai pelaporan SPT Tahunan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi karyawan di KPP Pratama Bekasi Barat menunjukkan tingkat kepatuhan baik sebesar 81% pada tahun 2022, meningkat dari tahun sebelumnya.
The Influence of Leadership Style, Work Facilities, and Salary on Employee Motivation
Authors: Nicky Nicky , Hendratmoko Hendratmoko
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of leadership style, technology-based work facilities, and salary systems on employee work motivation at PT. Elektrindo Sarana Abadi. In a volatile economy, companies must maintain the stability and sustainability of their operations. The workforce is a key element in achieving organizational goals, and an adaptive leadership style, adequate work facilities, and a fair compensation system greatly influence work motivation. This study uses a quantitative approach with the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis method using SmartPLS ver.4. The research sample consisted of 100 respondents who were employees of PT. Elektrindo Sarana Abadi. The study results show that digital leadership style, work facilities, and salary significantly influence employee work motivation. Simultaneously, these three variables also have a significant effect on work motivation. These findings underscore the importance of developing leadership training programs to improve managerial skills and employee motivation, periodic audits and improvements to work facilities, and adjustments to salary structures and incentive systems so employees feel financially valued. In addition, implementing a regular performance evaluation system and the use of feedback from employees for continuous improvement are highly recommended. The study concludes that flexible and adaptive leadership approaches, adequate work facility support, and a fair compensation system are crucial in increasing employee motivation in an increasingly technology-connected work environment. Further research is suggested to explore other factors influencing work motivation and expand the research object to different industry contexts.
Peran Masyarakat dalam Membangun Ketahanan Masyarakat Melalui Ekowisata Yang Sehat dan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Waluyo Wisnu Budi , Latifah Wing Umi , Fismasari Zulita , Oktafianti Eka
Published: January 2025

Ekowisata merupakan salah satu bentuk pariwisata yang berfokus pada pelestarian lingkungan serta pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal. Praktik ekowisata menjadi semakin penting dan strategis karena dapat meningkatkan ketahanan masyarakat, khususnya di daerah-daerah dengan potensi alam yang kaya. Ketahanan masyarakat dapat diwujukan melalui pengembangan ekowisata yang sehat dan berkelanjutan. Sungai Mudal, yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) merupakan contoh nyata dari peran positif ekowisata yang sehat dan berkelanjutan dalam mewujudkan ketahanan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa peran masyarakat dalam proses pengembangan Ekowisata Sungai Mudal (ESM) dan pengaruhnya dalam membangun ketahanan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menggali secara mendalam bagaimana masyarakat terlibat dalam pengelolaan ESM dan bagaimana kontribusi tersebut memengaruhi ketahanan masyarakat. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan kepada 17 responden yang terdiri dari warga sekitar dan pengelola ESM. Analisis data dilakukan melalui pendekatan tematik dengan menemukan tema, pola, kategori, dan kecenderungan dari hasil wawancara dan triangulasi data untuk mengkonfirmasi perspektif responden. Peran masyarakat dalam ESM menjadi contoh nyata bagaimana pendekatan berbasis komunitas dapat menciptakan ekowisata yang sehat dan berkelanjutan. Di Sungai Mudal, program-program yang melibatkan semua pihak telah terbukti berhasil dalam mengelola sumber daya alam yang sehat dan berkelanjutan serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan ketahanan masyarakat.
Історіографія та основні наукові погляди на проблему зовнішньої політики Туреччини на Балканах в епоху Партії справедливості та розвитку (2002-2020)
Authors: Моціяка О.П.
Published: January 2025

У статті проведено аналіз вітчизняної та зарубіжної історіографії зовнішньої політики Туреччини на Балканах в епоху Партії справедливості та розвитку (2002–2020). Як основний у класифікації історіографії обрано географічний критерій, аналізуються українські, турецькі, балканські, європейські й американські праці.
У статті наголошено, що в Україні за період її незалежності активно досліджується зовнішня політика Туреччини на сучасному етапі (насамперед основоположні принципи нової зовнішньополітичної стратегії Анкари, євроінтеграційні наміри Туреччини, її роль у Чорноморському, Близькосхідному регіонах, північній Африці, аналізуються турецько-грецькі, турецько-українські, турецько-американські відносини та ін.). Проте балканський напрямок залишається маловививченим.
Висвітлено основні проблеми, які були предметом розгляду науковців із різних країн: ефективність політики Анкари на Балканах, її еволюція, правомірність застосування терміну «неоосманізм» щодо нового етапу зовнішньої політики Туреччини (з 2002 р.), місце Туреччини серед інших країн (Росія, Китай, країни ЄС) за вплив у регіоні, суспільно-культурні паралелі між Балканами та Туреччиною тощо. Охарактеризовано національну своєрідність наукового і публіцистичного дискурсу в різних країнах. Зроблена спроба пояснити наявність плюралізму в осмисленні зовнішньої політики Туреччини в Балканському регіоні через призму свободи демократії в тих чи інших країнах.
Наприкінці зроблено висновок, що нині історіографія теми є найбільш розробленою в Туреччині та на Балканах. Європейська та американська історіографія не надто акцентує увагу на балканському напрямку турецької зовнішньої політики, а у вітчизняній про нього згадується принагідно.
Gaming Science: Exploring the Intersection of Science and Video Games
Authors: Pezlar Ivo , Bendová Helena
Published: January 2025

Editorial for the thematic issue Gaming Science: Exploring the Intersection of Science and Video Games.
The Influence of Influencer Marketing and Product Quality on Purchase Decisions at The Don’s House in Bandar Lampung
Authors: Prisilia Riris , Riswan
Published: January 2025

Social media serves as both a communication platform and a promotional tool, with influencer marketing playing a key role. At The Don’s House in Bandar Lampung, local influencers significantly increased Insta Story views to over 300,000, highlighting their impact on brand promotion. Product quality is crucial in shaping purchase decisions, as high-quality products enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. This study examines the combined influence of influencer marketing and product quality on purchase decisions at The Don’s House. Data were collected through questionnaires and customer interviews and analysed using quantitative methods. The results indicate that both influencer marketing and product quality, individually and collectively, positively and significantly affect purchase decisions.
Analisis Semiotika Ronal Barthes Pada Film Siksa Kubur Karya Joko Anwar Tahun 2024
Authors: Novi Junika  , Abdur Razzaq  , Selvia Assoburu
Published: January 2025

Film "Siksa Kubur" karya Joko Anwar (2024) merupakan karya yang menggabungkan elemen horor dan drama untuk menyampaikan pesan moral yang mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pesan moral yang terkandung dalam film tersebut dengan pendekatan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes. Melalui narasi yang kompleks, film ini menggambarkan perjalanan seorang tokoh utama yang menghadapi konsekuensi dari tindakan dan keputusan hidupnya, mencerminkan tema karma dan pertanggungjawaban pribadi. Latar belakang penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana film sebagai medium komunikasi dapat menyampaikan nilai-nilai etika dan moral kepada audiens, dengan mengaitkan pesan dalam film dengan ajaran Al-Quran, khususnya Surah Az-Zalzalah (99:7-8) yang menekankan bahwa setiap perbuatan akan mendapatkan balasannya. Metodologi penelitian mencakup analisis elemen visual dan naratif dalam film, menggunakan teori tanda dari Charles Sanders Peirce untuk memahami bagaimana ikon, indeks, dan simbol berkontribusi pada penyampaian pesan moral. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa "Siksa Kubur" tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai hiburan tetapi juga sebagai alat edukasi moral, mendorong penonton untuk merenungkan tindakan mereka sendiri. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman tentang bagaimana genre horor dapat digunakan untuk menyampaikan tema-tema moral dan etika, serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap nilai-nilai tersebut. Dengan demikian, film ini menjadi objek studi yang signifikan dalam konteks analisis film dan pengembangan teori moralitas dalam media.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Pada Materi Sistem Sirkulasi Tingkat SMA/MA
Authors: Maisal Agung Soleh , Susanti Diana , Fitriani Vivi
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to produce learning media in the form of learning videos used by teachers in learning activities. Teachers use learning media in the form of videos taken from YouTube. Because teachers do not have their own learning videos designed. Videos taken from YouTube also do not support the material delivered because the content of the material from the videos taken from YouTube is not in accordance with the learning objectives, namely the video does not describe the latest material that is in accordance with the student's handbook, as a result students find it difficult to understand the contents of the videos delivered by the teacher. The use of available learning media is very limited during the learning process. The media used during learning is still infocus. Therefore, other learning resources are needed to help students understand. One effort to facilitate the learning process is by having media in the form of learning videos. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of learning media in the form of learning videos on the material of the circulatory system for SMA/MA class XI which is valid and practical. The type of research used is development research with a 4D development research model (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). This research was carried out until the development stage, namely the validity test and practicality test. The results of the validity test showed that this learning video was in the very valid criteria with a validity value of 91%. The results of the practicality test by the teacher showed a value of 81% with practical criteria and the results of the practicality test of the learning video by students showed a value of 86% with very practical criteria. It can be concluded that the learning video on the material of the circulatory system for the SMA/MA level that was developed is valid and practical.
Eksistensi Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement Sebagai Arbitrase Pasca Kekosongan Anggota Appellate Body World Trade Organization
Authors: Wahyuni Rani Sri , Jayakusuma Zulfikar , Diana Ledy
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The World Trade Organization (WTO), as a World Trade Organisation, has a dispute settlement system that allows member countries to comply with the results of the dispute decision through several stages of settlement, namely consultations, panels and the Appellate Body. Since 2017, one of the WTO's member countries, the United States, has not agreed to the appointment of Appellate Body members, resulting in a vacancy in the Appellate Body and its inability to resolve appeals since 2019. To provide a temporary solution to the Appellate Body's dysfunction, several WTO members have established an alternative dispute settlement body, the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement. The establishment of this body is intended to fill the temporary void created by the Appellate Body's dysfunction.
Purposes of the Research:  The purpose of this study is to determine the existence of the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement in the WTO dispute settlement system.
Methods of The Research: The type of research used is normative research by conducting a literature study through data sources derived from legal materials.
Results of the Research: The results of this study indicate that the existence of the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement as arbitration after the vacancy of the WTO Appellate Body members does not provide a real solution and instead creates uncertainty among WTO member countries because the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement is not binding and is outside the WTO dispute settlement system. The position of the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement which is outside the system causes a lot of uncertainty and the resulting decisions are not binding.
Thromboembolic event in a patient of immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report
Authors: Nazar Maimoona , Nasir Ashraf  , Laiba Sultan  , Laiba Sultan
Published: January 2025

Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by a low blood platelet count, which is attributed to both decreased megakaryocyte production in the bone marrow and the generation of autoantibodies causing platelet destruction in the spleen. Individuals with autoimmune conditions are highly susceptible to pulmonary embolism. This case involves a 39-year-old female with ITP who developed thromboembolisms. A comprehensive investigation into prothrombotic risk factors, including obesity, smoking, family history of thromboembolism, and ITP-related interventions such as prolonged corticosteroid use or splenectomy, revealed insignificant results, except for the patient's history of receiving corticosteroid therapy. Despite the disparate pathogenesis of thromboembolism (TE) and ITP, recent events of TE in ITP patients have been observed. This report underscores the potential life-threatening complications in ITP and aims to explore their causes and pathogenesis for ensuring optimised patient care.
Key Words: Immune thrombocytopenia, autoantibodies, autoimmune, thromboembolism, corticosteroid therapy, splenectomy.
Comparison of traditional methods versus digital learning methods among undergraduate medical students in Pakistan
Authors: Shazia Fakhir Durrani  , Ammara Hameed  , Fatima Fakhir Musharraf
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore and compare the use of traditional and digital learning methods among undergraduate medical students.
Method: The cross-sectional, qualitative, descriptive study conducted at the Bahria University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from June to December 2023, and comprised undergraduate medical, dental and allied health sciences students. Sample size was calculated using open epi and keeping confidence interval at 95%. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 203 subjects, 48 were from the MBBS final year, 46 each from the fourth and third years, 30 from the second year, and 22 from the first year. Rest of them were from allied BDS, DPharm, DPT. Overall, N110 (54%) students favoured mixed methods of learning, N23 (12%) favoured digital alone, and N70 (34%) favoured the traditional methods. A total of 6 focus group discussions were held; N 146 (71.92%) medical students in five groups, and one group of N 57 (28.07%) dental, pharmacy and physical therapy students. The 3 main themes identified were digital methods, traditional methods and mixed methods of learning.
Conclusion: The mixed method of learning was favoured by the majority of students. Digital platforms offer a variety of benefits that improve learning, while traditional methods remain valuable for comprehensive study and for building concepts.
Key Words: Innovative digital platforms, digital learning, e-learning, traditional learning, medical studies, online learning.
Missed nursing care and its contributing factors in different domains at tertiary care hospitals Karachi
Authors: Aziz Tariq , Ali Amjad , Nawaz Arshad
Published: January 2025

Objective: To assess the frequency, types and contributing factors of missed nursing care among registered nurses in a tertiary care setting.
Method: The descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2022 at the Dow University Hospital, Karachi, and Dr Ruth Katherina Martha Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, and comprised nurses registered with the Pakistan Nursing and Midwifery Council. Data was collected using a validated tool. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 232 nurses, 127(54.7%) were males, 105(45.3%) were females, 123(53%) were aged 30-39 years, and 73(31.5%) had work experience of 1-5 years. Nursing care components neglected by the nurses were patient bathing 127(54.7%), attending care conference 108(46.6%) and focussed reassessment 100(43.1%). Factors responsible for missed care were manpower resources identified by 152(65.5%) nurses, material resources by 141(60.8%), and communication factors identified by 84(36.2%).
Conclusion: Various nursing care components were found missing during patient hospitalisation. Major reason for missed care was identified by the nurses as lack of manpower resources.
Key Words: Missed nursing care, Contributing factors, Miss care.
Role of extracurricular activities in the development of leadership skills among the undergraduate Doctor of Physical Therapy students of Khyber Medical University and its affiliated institutes in Peshawar: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Khan Mahnoor Raza , Khan Palwasha , Ali Mehwish , Khan Tajalla , Rahman Mujeeb Ur , Ali Naqvi Syed Muhammad Shabbir
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the role of extracurricular activities in the development of leadership skills among undergraduate Doctor of Physical Therapy students.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from March to October 2023 at the Khyber Medical University and its affiliated institutes in Peshawar, Pakistan, and comprised undergraduate Doctor of Physical Therapy students of either gender aged at least 18 years. Data was collected using a a pilot-tested questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS22.
Results: Of the 340 students, 231(67.9%) were females and 109(32.1%) were males. The overall mean age was 21.55±1.75 years. The largest group was of students in the 7th semester 76(22.4%). Of the total, 131(38.5%) students were members of extracurricular societies, while 209(61.5%) were non-members. High-level leadership skills were found among the members compared to the non-members (p<0.001). Type of society (p<0.001) and gender (p=0.013) has a substantial association with leadership skills.
Conclusion: The role of extracurricular activities in the development of leadership skills among undergraduate Doctor of Physical Therapy students was found to be significant.
Key Words: Co-curricular activities, Extracurricular activities, Leadership skills, Leadership emergence, Skill development, Student leadership.
CINEMATOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF INGENUOUS CAMERA DIRECTING IN THE SELECTED WORKS OF KUNLE AFOLAYAN
Authors: ARINDE Tayo Simeon , FALEYIMU Oluwasegun Funmise
Published: January 2025

Over the years, there has been a global evolution of hi-tech cinematic inventions. Film directors all over the world are swayed to handle the totality of their film visuals with great technical drive in a bid to ensuring that their film stories meet the digital yearnings of their audience. In spite of these yearnings for the use of hi-tech filming equipment, many directors/producers have not gotten it right and it is on this premise that this study did a cinematographic evaluation of ingenuous camera directing in the selected works of Kunle Afolayan in Anikulapo and Citation. This study employs qualitative research design, using the content analytical method and interview from which the primary data for the study are sourced Secondary data are sourced from documentaries, books, scholarly journals, and internet sources. The study finds that the director used several dark shots and over-the-shoulder angle directorial styles in Anikulapo and Citation to convey suspense. It was also found that established shots were employed by Afolayan in Anikulapo and Citation to create effective scene transitions while maintaining an ISO range exposure of 160 to 340 in the films under examination to make the visuals less contrastive. This study concludes that Aníkúlápó and Citation were directed with a great level of cinematographic expertise, to obtain quality framings and unique visual dimension resulting in a quintessential cinematographic quality through the use of state-of-the-Art filming equipment. The study, therefore, recommended that budding film directors in Africa should emulate this visual dynamism which can be obtained from the process of training and retraining film directors for the purpose of maximising the use of hi-technological filming equipment.
Effect of Risk-Taking Propensity on Entrepreneurial Intentions among Students Undertaking Entrepreneurial Course in Universities in Meru and Tharaka Nithi Counties
Authors: Gikunda Kelvin Kimathi , Mugambi Miriti Professor Gilbert
Published: January 2025

The concept of entrepreneurship has received increasing attention in various countries globally, especially in developing countries which suffer from several problems that hinder economic growth. Entrepreneurship is essential in addressing economic problems, such as unemployment, new wealth creation, stabilizing society, increasing industrial competition and economic development. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of risk taking propensity on entrepreneurial intentions among students in universities in Meru and Tharaka Nithi counties. This study was conducted among university students since the students had undertaken entrepreneurial training to become future entrepreneurs. Descriptive research was adopted. The target population of this study was 800 students and a sample size of 267 respondents who were in third and fourth years and had undertaken entrepreneurial studies as a unit or major course at the universities. This study was anchored on theory of planned behavior and entrepreneurship event model of entrepreneurship. A questionnaire was used to guide in collecting primary data. Data obtained from this study was interpreted using descriptive statistical methods including tables, mean, median, mode and simple percentiles. Data was analyzed using inferential statistics with help of SPSS. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between variables using confidence level of 95%. The study found a regression coefficient of risk taking propensity was 0.187 and a p-value of 0.000<0.05 hence risk taking propensity had a positive and statistically significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions. It is recommended that Universities should encourage and create an environment that fosters calculated risk taking and confidence among the students to believe in their abilities, identify and take up opportunities available
The Impact of Air Pressure on Performance, Combustion Behavior, and Emissions of An Air-assisted Port Fuel Injection HCCI Engine
Authors: Dzulkafli Mohd Firdaus , Hairuddin Abdul Aziz , Al Anbagi Muntasser Abdulabbas Mossa
Published: January 2025

Low-temperature combustion is achieved through homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), which lowers the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) associated with diesel engines. HCCI combustion faces various obstacles, including combustion phasing, high hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, a limited operation range, and homogeneous mixture preparation. This research aims to compare the influence of air pressure in an air-assisted injector on performance, combustion behavior, and emissions. The experiment was conducted at an intake temperature of 50oC, speed of 2100 RPM and air pressures of 3,4 and 5 bar. Intake air was heated in an intake pipe heater, and an air regulator regulated the air pressure. An air assist pressure of 5 bar resulted in the highest brake thermal efficiency, ranging from 20.5% to 23.3%. For brake-specific fuel consumption, an air pressure 3 bar produced higher values ranging from 410.8 g/kWh to 500.8 g/kWh. The in-cylinder pressure for 3,4 and 5 bar pressure exceeds 80 bar at 25% load. Air pressure of 4 bar recorded the lowest HC, ranging from 50 to 75 ppm. For NOx emission, 3 bar air pressure showed the lowest levels, ranging from 8 to 12 ppm across the tested loads. The highest carbon monoxide (CO) percentage was recorded at 5 bar air pressure at 20% load with a CO value of 0.53%. At 20% and 25% load, the combustion profile displayed a three-stage ignition process, indicating the occurrence of diffusive combustion.
Effects of Temperature on Growth and Biochemical Composition of Arctic Pseudanabaena sp. and Tropical Synechococcus sp.
Authors: Azlee Nurul Farhanah , Hamidi Azmir , Khan Zoya , Merican Faradina , Smykla Jerzy , Alias Siti Aisyah , Wan Omar Wan Maznah
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effect of temperature on the growth and biochemical composition of two cyanobacteria: Pseudanabaena sp. from the Arctic region and Synechococcus sp. from a tropical region. Cyanobacterial isolates were cultivated under three different temperatures: 4±2°C, 15±2°C and 25±2°C. The growth rate of Pseudanabaena sp. at 4±2°C, 15±2°C and 25±2°C was 1.61 day-1, 1.62 day-1 and 1.53 day-1, while the doubling time was 0.11, 0.18 and 0.08 days, respectively. The growth rate of Synechococcus sp. was slightly lower. At 4±2°C, 15±2°C and 25±2°C, the growth rate was recorded at 0.65 day-1, 0.94 day-1 and 1.06 day-1, while the doubling time was 0.003, 0.07 and 0.25 days, respectively. Total carbohydrate for Pseudanabaena sp. at 4±2°C, 15±2°C and 25±2°C was 207.16±10.03 mg/L, 329.57±189.65 mg/L and 63.32±41.02 mg/L, respectively. At the same temperature, the total carbohydrate for Synechococcus sp. was 269.44±81.29 mg/L, 321.15±73.31 mg/L and 1556.84±243.38 mg/L, respectively. It illustrates higher total carbohydrate in Synechococcus sp. compared to Pseudanabaena sp. At 4±2°C, 15±2°C and 25±2°C, total protein for Pseudanabaena sp. was recorded as 5.59±0.09 mg/L, 5.23±0.21 mg/L, and 4.34±0.47 mg/L. Meanwhile, for Synechococcus sp., total protein recorded at temperatures 4±2°C, 15±2°C and 25±2°C was 0.47±0.01 mg/L, 0.45±0.01 mg/L and 0.39±0.05 mg/L, respectively. This study shows that the growth rate and biochemical composition of Arctic Pseudanabaena sp. and tropical Synechococcus sp. were influenced by different temperature levels.