bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards the New Model of Doctoral Education: The Experience of Enhancing Doctoral Programs in Russian Universities
Authors: Maloshonok Natalia , Terentev Evgeniy
Published: September 2019

In the era of knowledge-based economy, improving the quality and efficiency of doctoral programs is a key aspect of ensuring economic growth and national competitiveness in the global arena. Doctoral education in Russia today is redefining its goals and organizational models in light of global challenges as well as the revised Federal Law On Education in the Russian Federation and the new Regulations on Awarding Academic Degrees. This transitional period, complicated with low completion rates and institutional problems, contributes to the urgency of devising improvement practices for doctoral education. Interviews with doctoral students and graduate program administrators are used to analyze Russian universities’ practices designed to enhance doctoral studies. Those practices are grouped in accordance with the traditionally identified aspects of doctoral education that are directly related to its success: admissions, graduate curriculum, advising/mentoring, monitoring progress, financial support, institutional climate, practices and procedures. The article also discusses the opportunities for disseminating best practices to improve doctoral education as well as the restrictions that must be taken into account.
Use IPython to run bioconda tools in jupyter v2
Authors: J J. Ponsero Alise
Published: September 2019

Learn how to run shell commands directly in your jupyter notebook using IPython
URBAN PLANNING STUDY OF THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATION CENTRES IN SAMARA
Authors: ZHOGOLEVA Anna V. , KURIMSHINA Anna V. , FILIMONOVA Anastasia N.
Published: September 2019

Planning development of large cities, expansion and agglomeration of urban areas is carried out in close relationship with the development of urban public centers. The object of research in this work is the system of communicative spaces of the modern city - a complex, multicomponent urban structure, elements of which can become urban areas, architectural objects and complexes, Central functions, social and local groups of cities, subjects of urban development, transport and pedestrian connections, objects of transport. To study such a multicomponent system requires a multilevel urban planning, urban, sociological research, the purpose of which is to identify urban planning, communication, cognitive characteristics of urban centers of different levels, the formation of their boundaries and characteristics.
TO THE PROBLEM OF PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL SPACE OF THE STREETS OF SLAVYANSKAYA, KOROLENKO, NOVAYAIN N. NOVGOROD
Authors: SHUMILKIN Alexander S. , GRACHEVA Elena E.
Published: September 2019

The article deals with the actual problem of complex preservation of historic wooden buildings in the context of changing and developing urban space. The realized experience of preservation of wooden buildings in large cities of Russia is given. The historical and cultural characteristics of the architectural space of one of the valuable fragments of the historical environment of Nizhny Novgorod - the area of Korolenko, Novaya, Slavyanskaya and Studenaya streets are given. The prospects of its development as an urban public space are analyzed. There is a change in attitude towards the preservation of the considered fragment of development and the wooden urban architecture as a whole at the professional, social and political levels in recent decades and now.
TO THE PROBLEM OF ENLIGHTENED PLURALISM IN RUSSIAN TOWN PLANNING
Authors: DANILOVA Elina V.
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the study of processes in Russian urban planning over the past three decades. This period is marked by the birth and formation of a new city growing out of the Soviet urban environment. The article discusses the three conditional stages of the city after restructuring, exploring their specifi city. The context and features of each of the considered stages are described: 1990s, 2000s. 2010s. The state of the architectural and town planning profession is analyzed, the goals and tasks of which changed in accordance with social transformations. Particular att ention is paid to the typology of constructed objects, the development of the architectural order in the context of a market economy. The innovations at each stage are matched, special events that aff ect professional thinking and design methodology are emphasized. The author explores how the two recognized theoretical models of the city - the collage city and the generic city - were adapted to the post-Soviet reality.
ON THE ISSUE OF URBAN PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION. THE EXPERIENCE OF FRANCE 2000-2018
Authors: ISLEEVA SOFYA Ya.
Published: September 2019

Mechanisms of city regulation are always complex and affect many areas of society. The concept of regulation itself should take into account both real needs and strategic goals, as well as the possibilities of the tools for its subsequent application. It is obvious that these mechanisms cannot be universal for different territories and political entities, and their functioning requires a developed administrative and legal base. It is worth noting that often local requests are in conflict with global geopolitical tasks, the implementation of which has certain risks and does not guarantee the same success in individual territories. Even in a relatively small area of France, it is difficult to develop equally effective universal regulatory mechanisms. The task of the reform started in the 1980s. in France, there was a process of decentralization of the administrative system in order to develop the most flexible mechanisms of territorial regulation. The changes that followed in the legislation on gradoregulation (Code de l’urbanisme) formed the legal framework of territorial relations, while the direct tools are created in hierarchically coordinated local entities - from region to city. Such a solution is intended to form working mechanisms for regulating the environment with possible consideration of all levels of interests, sometimes overlapping and contradictory. The article discusses the hierarchical system of urban regulation, currently used in France, highlights its strategic objectives, as well as the issues of the direct application of these regulations in practice: • principles for the development of local city regulatory documents and their main characteristics, • composition of town planning documentation, • main tools and features of the application of urban planning documentation. The article also addresses the problems of the functioning of urban planning documentation in the context of complex and controversial issues related to renovation, revalorization of individual territories, and negative public att itudes.
FEATURES OF PLACEMENT OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN THE STRUCTURE OF CITIES
Authors: GENERALOV Viktor P. , GENERALOVA Elena M. , SOKOLOV Ivan I.
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the search for modern approaches in creating high density buildings due to the inclusion of high-rise buildings in the structure of large cities. The way from the beginning of the construction of the first high-rises in the cities of Europe and up to the present period is analyzed. The study revealed the main errors that were made when placing skyscrapers in European cities, their subsequent negative impact on the att itude to these types of buildings. In addition, the authors propose when locating high-rise buildings, determine their typological and functional structure, the correct ratio and richness of various functional serving elements, the number and density of high-rise buildings in the territory allocated for their construction. It is concluded that only with the observance of these basic principles can a convenient, comfortable, affordable, modern, constantly updated urban environment be created.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MODEL OF MODERN CITY PUBLIC SPACE
Authors: PTICHNIKOVA Galina A. , Chernichkina O. V
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the study of new types of urban spaces that owe their origin to the development of information and communication technologies. An innovative factor that influenced the transformation of public spaces in the XXI century was the emergence of the media and information sphere. The widespread use of personal computers and the home Internet in the 1990s led to a decline in publicity and a crisis in traditional urban social communications. Currently, a new type of personality is being created, prone to limited contacts with other individuals in certain conditions (for example, in social networks). The information technology model of public space transfers social connections to the virtual world, thus reducing the need for the development of physical urban spaces. Information technology has led to the development of new forms of public spaces. Among them we will note such as “smart square”/”smart street”, media spaces and flash mob spaces. The results of the study of the characteristics of these new urban spaces are presented in the article.
PRINCIPLES OF ARCHITECTURAL AND SPATIAL FORMATION OF A SAFE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE CITY
Authors: LEKAREVA Nina A. , PAPSHEV Nikolay S.
Published: September 2019

The article considers the most optimal approaches to the development and development of transit areas, aff ecting the actual problems of a modern large city: the development of citywide functions based on promising transportation hubs, the resolution of the confl ict of transit passenger directions and the urban social environment. As one of the main mechanisms to achieve safety in the operation of urban transport systems, the principles of architectural and spatial formation of transport infrastructure are put forward, including the principle of biopositivity in the structure of transport territories, the principle of environmental safety of transport, the principle of accessibility of transport, the principle of constructive safety, the principle of multilevel linear and central transport elements, the principle of universality of road maintenance. Examples are given from the practice of using these or other methods of forming transport nodes and linear sections in order to improve traffi c safety. The possibilities of the development of safe transport structures in the strategic forecasts of the development of the city are shown.
ANTIQUITY AND JOHN ADAMS: ETHICS, AESTHETICS, POLITICS
Authors: Morozova A.
Published: September 2019

This article examines the place of antiquity in the sociocultural and political realities of the United States of America during the period of the American Revolution and the first years of the republic on the example of the second President of the United States John Adams. Particularly, it investigates the constructive role of classical antiquity in the formation of moral, aesthetic, and political views and values of John Adams. Historical and sociocultural conditionality of the Greco-Roman legacy in the American colonies is considered as well as the influence of these conditions on John Adams and his perception of ancient Greeks and Romans heritage. The impact of antiquity on the ethical constructs of John Adams is grounded on the ethical category of "virtue" and its reconsideration along with the rehabilitation and democratization of "fame". The aesthetic position of John Adams towards the classical antiquity is based on the principles of the understanding beautiful as rationally and ethically useful. An important role in the comprehension of this attitude to antiquity is displayed by the inclination of John Adams to idealize the figure of the “orator-patriot” and, in particular, the figure of Cicero. The political ideas of John Adams and their connection with antiquity are revealed through the concept of a republican form of government as the balance of the three classes and the supremacy of laws. On the basis of the analyzed material, the purely symbolic, superficial character of the connection between John Adams and the ancient heritage was refuted and its organizing, life-oriented core was indicated.
«I Do Not Want to Remember the Past Here. My Role is to Do the Present and to Look into the Future»: A. Vaida-Voevod’s Activity at the Paris Conference (december 1919 – march 1920)
Authors: Popenko Yaroslav
Published: September 2019

The expansionist policy of Romania during the first decades of the XX century was not accidental or spontaneous. It was clearly realized by the leadership of the Kingdom within the state idea of the creation of «Great Romania». In general, the foreign policy of Bucharest during the First World War and the period of the formation of the Versailles system of the international relations were exponential in terms of the defending its own national interests and the conquest the status of the regional leader in the Balkan region. At the end of 1919, the foreign policy situation for Romania continued to stay difficult. It seemed that the combination of the internal and the external conditions had to cross out the ambitious plans of Bucharest. However, the Romanian leadership still managed to get out of the crisis situation. In November 1919, the parliamentary elections took place in the country, which is led to the change of the government. Soon it was headed by A. Vaida-Voevod. Thanks to his efforts and the activities in Paris and London he succeeded to move the «Bessarabian» problem from the place in the direction of the formal recognition of the region by the Romanian territory. The purpose of the article is the analysis of the political struggle around the «Bessarabian» question at the Paris Conference during December 1919 – March 1920. Considering the important value of the material, the short period of the work of the conference in Paris was taken by the author, because the period demonstrates in what the strained atmosphere the new map of the post-war Europe was formed. We must note that A. Vaida-Voevod’s activities in the «Bessarabian» direction had positive results for Romania. On 12 March, the Verkhovna Rada of the Entente sent the decision on the outlined question to the Romanians. It was determined in it that the Allies considered that it was not worth more to leave the unresolved questions of Bessarabia. Taking into account the preliminary conclusions of the commissions and the desires of the people of the region, they spoke out in favor of the joining of the region to Romania. At the same time, the Entente insisted that Bucharest should provide the compliance of the interests of Bessarabia on the same base as in other parts of the Kingdom. In the case of the occurrence they should be decided by the League of Nations.
Zapis graficzny dzieła sztuki radiowej. Problemy edycji słuchowisk na przykładzie dzieł Jerzego Krzysztonia
Authors: Próchniak Kinga
Published: September 2019

Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą diachronicznego spojrzenia na zagadnienie wydawania drukiem słuchowisk, na podstawie dzieł radiowych pisarza Jerzego Krzysztonia (1931‒1982). Czynność ta była niezwykle popularna w Polsce, począwszy od lat sześćdziesiątych XX wieku. Podstawowy problem jej dotyczący – przekształcenie utworu dźwiękowo-słownego w tekst pociągał za sobą kolejne, takie jak: ustalenie tekstu zgodnego z wolą autora wobec ingerencji osób trzecich w scenariusz dramatu radiowego, umieszczenie niezbędnych ze względu na specyfikę publikacji informacji oraz typografia edycji. Przedstawione rozwiązania powyższych problemów zostały oparte na badaniach pięciu, niepublikowanych dotąd, oryginalnych słuchowisk Krzysztonia.
Dwie realizacje poezji cyfrowej – – wiersz numer 1 beta M. R. Wiśniewskiego i Read more+ P. P. Płucienniczaka
Authors: Akram Sara
Published: September 2019

Artykuł wpisuje się w badania nad polską poezją cyfrową. Przedstawia analizę dwóch realizacji poezji cyfrowej – wiersza numer 1 beta Michała Radomiła Wiśniewskiego i Read more+ Piotra Puldziana Płucienniczaka, skupiając się na aspekcie strukturalnego ukształtowania utworu oraz możliwościach odbiorcy-użytkownika, jakie w ramach zaprojektowanych działań interaktywnych otrzymuje on od autora. Problematyka artykułu koncentruje się wokół zagadnień interaktywnych możliwości utworów powstających w środowisku nowych mediów, przede wszystkim zaś wokół statusu autora i odbiorcy, z czym wiąże się zjawisko interaktywności. Ustalenia dotyczące tego pojęcia oparte zostały na pracach Ryszarda W. Kluszczyńskiego, natomiast zmiany, jakie dokonały się w poezji za sprawą właściwości nowych mediów, przywołano na podstawie publikacji takich badaczy jak Urszula Pawlicka i Mariusz Pisarski. Rozważania dotyczące przekazu cyfrowego zreferowano głównie za Ewą Szczęsną. Analizowane w artykule dwa utwory cyfrowe to przykłady różnych kierunków potencjału eksploracyjnego polskiej poezji cyfrowej. Wiersz numer 1 beta Wiśniewskiego, zrobiony w konwencji gry, włącza odbiorcę jako użytkownika-gracza w proces powstawania utworu. Read more+ Płucienniczaka to z kolei przykład świadomej rezygnacji z możliwości, jaką dają interaktywne działania.
Krasicki w szkole a Krasicki szkolny – o (nie) omawianiu sylwetek twórców w liceum
Authors: Słoma Paulina
Published: September 2019

Artykuł ma na celu omówienie funkcjonujących w przestrzeni szkolnej sposobów wprowadzania uczniów w tematykę związaną z sylwetkami najwybitniejszych pisarzy polskich. Osią tekstu stały się elementy twórczości Ignacego Krasickiego. Na podstawie rozpoznań literaturoznawców wyodrębniona została problematyka szkolnych odczytań i szkolnych refleksji humanistycznych. Całość stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jaki sposób pogodzić współczesne doświadczenia uczniów z materiałem obowiązującym w szkole? Wiedza z pogranicza antropologii literatury, filozofii i medioznawstwa – ujęta w perspektywie dydaktycznej – przybliża do uniwersalnych zagadnień, stanowiących przydatny kontekst w edukacji. Szeroki zakres rozważań, dotyczących zarówno refleksji metafizycznej, jak i obiegu informacji w mediach, ma za zadanie podkreślić ważną funkcję dialogu współczesności z tradycją na lekcjach języka polskiego.
Bazy danych jako nowe źródła informacji. Big data przyszłością dziennikarstwa?
Authors: Dziwak Ewelina
Published: September 2019

Istotą każdego urządzenia sprzęgniętego w sieć informatyczną jest gromadzenie, przetwarzanie oraz przesyłanie danych. Wraz z postępem technologicznym ilość informacji, a przede wszystkim możliwości ich gromadzenia oraz interpretacji, pozwoliły na eksplorację tak zwanego big data w tych dziedzinach nauki, które do niedawna znajdowały się poza marginesem tzw. rewolucji danych. Zbiory big data początkowo wykorzystywane były jedynie przez instytucje finansowe. Na ich podstawie wyznaczano matematyczne prognozy ekonomiczno-gospodarcze. Obecnie, kiedy humanistyka stoi w ogniu krytyki, a prym w nauce wiodą nauki ścisłe, humanistyka zaczyna bronić się i podobnie jak nauki ścisłe – korzystać z nowych technologii. W obrębie nauk humanistycznych dużą rolę zaczynają odgrywać dane, które umiejętnie przeanalizowane, pozwalają przewidywać zjawiska społeczne. Dane skorelowane ze sobą przez dziennikarzy danych stają się początkiem nowych, nieznanych historii. Autorka w swoim tekście wykazuje funkcje danych w procesie tworzenia przekazów dziennikarskich. Przedstawia je jako remedium na przeciążenie informacyjne. Upatruje w dziennikarstwie danych przyszłości pozyskiwaniu i generowaniu informacji.
Recepcja scenografii w Polsce wczoraj i dziś
Authors: Żarinow Barbara
Published: September 2019

Artykuł jest próbą stworzenia zarysu tendencji w recepcji współczesnej scenografii w Polsce. Za pośrednictwem sumarycznego opisu stanu badań, rozwoju szkolnictwa, instytucji i wydarzeń okazjonalnych takich jak festiwale portretowany jest wizerunek współczesnej scenografii. Wynik nie jest zadowalający, ponieważ widać braki w postaci dokumentowania powstałych dzieł, tworzenia zbiorów i kolekcji powiększających dorobek kulturowy. Podobnie jest w zakresie publikacji naukowych i krytycznych. Scenografia marginalizowana jest w badaniach teatrologicznych. Ograniczony jest również wkład finansowy dla instytucji mających na celu dbanie o dorobek scenograficzny jak np. Centrum Scenografii Polskiej. Krzepiący jest jednak rozwój szkolnictwa, który nie przebiega w sposób dynamiczny, ale daje możliwość indywidualnego rozwoju poprzez kontakty z mistrzami. Nieprzerwana (nawet wojną) kontynuacja relacji mistrz-uczeń czyni scenografię wyjątkową w kontekście powojennej polskiej sztuki.
(Nie)obecne w lokalnej pamięci kulturowej na przykładzie "Rozmów o Śląsku Cieszyńskim"
Authors: Szkaradnik Katarzyna
Published: September 2019

Autorka rozpatruje zagadnienia pamięci kulturowej odzwierciedlone w dwóch tomach Rozmów o Śląsku Cieszyńskim. Zawierają one wywiady przeprowadzone przez publicystę i historyka Andrzeja Drobika z trzydziestoma pięcioma nieprzeciętnymi postaciami związanymi z owym regionem. Zwracając uwagę na różne elementy miejscowej pamięci kulturowej, prezentują oni odmienne spojrzenia na cieszyńską historię i tożsamość. Wskazywane przez nich aspekty przeszłości odsyłają do społeczności wielokulturowej, w której współistniały dawniej elementy polskie, niemieckie, czeskie, żydowskie itp. W artykule są one analizowane przez pryzmat świadomości historycznej, czyli funkcjonowania i wykorzystywania przekonań na temat przeszłości, w tym tworzenia regionalnej polityki pamięci. W tym kontekście jako szczególnie intrygująca jawi się kwestia zapomnianego i (nie)obecnego, tzn. zaszłości, które wbrew próbom usuwania w cień przypominają o sobie i domagają się uwagi. Mimo zjawiska memory boom także na Śląsku Cieszyńskim wiele kwestii pozostało w zbiorowej niepamięci – np. niemiecki wkład w rozwój Cieszyna czy skomplikowane losy polskiej mniejszości na tzw. Zaolziu. Te i inne problemy autorka rozważa w świetle rzeczonych wywiadów, które jednak niosą ze sobą więcej pytań niż konkluzji, stanowią więc punkt wyjścia do dalszej refleksji.
Категория рыцарства и символика рыцаря в сверхповести Елены Гуро Бедный рыцарь (в контекстуальном освещении)
Authors: Mielniczuk Jekatierina
Published: September 2019

Materiałem badawczym w niniejszym artykule/opracowaniu uczyniono „swierchpowieść” Eleny Guro Бедный рыцарь (1913), rozpatrywaną w kontekście poglądów filozoficznych i tendencji estetycznych w Rosji na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Przedmiotem badań szczegółowych są sposoby i formy autorskiej interpretacji kulturowego mitu rycerskiego. Analiza utworu miała na celu deszyfrację symboliki rycerskiej i inicjacyjnej, która jest nieodłącznie związana z aksjologiczną kategorią rycerstwa. Artykuł przynosi pierwszą próbę interpretacji danego utworu w kontekście tradycji rycerskiej, a zwłaszcza mitu o Parsifalu i Lohengrinie, niewątpliwie obecnego w rosyjskim dyskursie kulturowym na przełomie XIX i XX wieku (W.S. Sołowjow, M.O. Mieńszikow, D. Mereżkowski). W procesie analizy dowiedziono, iż Guro, odwołując się do symboliki rycerskiej, twórczo wykorzystuje schemat inicjacji, w ramach którego bohaterka doświadcza aktu duchowego olśnienia i wtajemniczenia w istotę miłości agapicznej.
Civic Media Practice Facilitating Democratic Process in Two Environmental Community-Engaged Research in Taiwan
Authors: Phan Loan Thi , Hsu Ting Wan
Published: September 2019

Environmental protection is an increasing concern across Taiwan. Facebook and LINE enjoy high penetration in Taiwan, are potential platforms for democratizing the research process. Citizens participate in evaluating their environment, contributing to its protection as well as having voice in decision making in the environment community-engaged research (eCEnR) than ever before. However, along with increased citizen engagement, researchers also see a decreased trust in institutions, including government, media, and news. Based on in-depth interviews with organizers and participants, the analysis of posts on Facebook group, LINE messages, and websites of two ongoing eCEnRs, we assessed the impact of civic media practice on the democratic process. This article analyzes how social networking sites or applications function in four activities of the democratic process. Network building, discussion forums, distributed ownership and persistent input help organizations overcome distrust of institutions and enhance civic media’s ability to foster connections and create more usable interfaces between communities and institutions.
How Service-Learning promotes intergenerational harmony: Case study of a Service-Learning project in a science course
Authors: Au Yeung Sze Nga Cecilia , LAM Lai Ki , Fong Jonathan
Published: September 2019

The Office of Service-Learning, Lingnan University partnered with the Discovery and Education Department, Ocean Park (a theme park in Hong Kong) to develop a Service-Learning project. Along with the traditional goals of Service-Learning (enhance undergraduate student learning, provide useful service for community partner), we added an additional goal of promoting [1]The educational services (narration services at the exhibits and interactive games) aimed to fulfil Ocean Park’s goal of providing a richer visitor experience, as well as promote the message of marine conservation. This study provides information on how including elders as service providers in a Service-Learning project can facilitate reciprocal learning between age groups and promote intergenerational harmony.
 
[1] CLD 9008 Life Sciences: The Way Life Works. This course is taught by Professor Jonathan Fong, Assistant Professor in Science Unit, Lingnan University.
Cloud computing
Authors: Mudge J. Craig
Published: September 2019

Cloud computing is a mode of acquisition of infrastructure where a cloud service provides on demand computing and on-demand storage, accessible over the web, with a matching business model, namely pay-per-use. Lower cost, sometimes a factor of five, is achieved by automating operations in warehouse-sized data centres, sharing the hefty burden of cooling, physical security, and power backup, and the use of commodity components. As access to storage managed by cloud service providers gained market acceptance, the phrase “the cloud” came into use to refer to the location of information stored with a cloud service provider to be shared (business documents and photos) or copied for backup (against losing a phone or deleting information on a laptop).  Security, and to a lesser extent privacy, concerns are the major barriers to the adoption of cloud computing, but the leading cloud service providers have responded to the point that sensitive information, such as medical records and credit-card-holder data, is now held in the cloud.
Navigating a cloud services agreement
Authors: Lars Perhard Advokat
Published: September 2019

Cloud Sweden is a story about how a group of experienced IT-people from different sectors of the industry came together and discussed a relatively new phenomenon called the Cloud; or what is today labelled as Cloud computing. And they realised there was a tremendous momentum and potential prosperity connected to it. They also concluded that in order to support potential users and to promote Sweden as an IT-oriented country in the forefront of the development there was a need for information – organisations considering migrating their IT functions to the Cloud should at least be able to make an informed decision. There are significant advantages with this new technology, but also a number of pitfalls that any user should be aware of. There were for example critical security issues at hand before when the servers were placed within the four walls of the office and there still are critical security issues relating to the Cloud. However, the issues to solve are different. Cloud Sweden was founded and the different branches of the group have produced a number of documents published on its website. Cloud Sweden has apart from a number of members working actively in the steering and competence groups several thousand members from the industry in a Linkedin network. In this article you will find a sample of what the legal group of Cloud Sweden has produced – a primer of legal issues that a migrant shall pay attention to before the leap into the Cloud.
Improving affordability of communications
Authors: Pavlidis Katerina
Published: September 2019

In March 2013 the Australian Communications Consumer Action Network (ACCAN), Australia’s peak advocacy body for telecommunications consumers, organised a forum to discuss communications affordability with the aim of identifying research gaps and potential policy directions. The results of a joint ACCAN-Anglicare Victoria research project show that telecommunications are not universally accessible. Almost 6% of their clients were deprived of all forms of telecommunications and almost half (45.3%) had only had one form of telecommunication. It is argued that the National Broadband Network alone will not resolve affordability challenges for the lowest-income consumers. A range of affordability policy ideas outlined at the forum are canvassed with an emphasis on reforming the universal service obligation and developing new government initiatives.
Affordable telecommunications
Authors: Poblet Marta
Published: September 2019

The unparalleled success of mobile technologies, the emergence of new modes of software and hardware production, and the free circulation of shared knowledge in the Web 2.0 have enabled a new generation of bottom-up, community-based, cost-effective telecommunications initiatives and projects. While these endeavours find their roots in previous hobbyists’ movements (i.e. amateur radio, software hackers, do-it-yourself communities) today's’ initiatives are able to connect, co-produce and share knowledge with world-wide communities, engaging new participants both at the local and the global level.

This article reviews recent developments that aim to provide free or low-cost access to telecommunication services in different areas. From Do-It-Yourself (DIY) satellites to mesh networks, these projects tap into the wisdom and resources of communities to offer non-commercial alternatives to present telecommunications services. The technology, organisational, and regulatory challenges they also face cannot be underestimated either. However, in their struggle to find and consolidate new markets, affordable telecommunications reveal that a new digital economy based on co-production could be under way.
Risk factors and perinatal outcome associated with low birth weight in a prospective cohort: is there a shift towards sustainable developmental goal 3
Authors: Panda Sandhyasri , Kishore M. Sai Sunil , M. Durga Devi , G. Mahalakshmi , S. Sirisha , Kiran Maneesha
Published: September 2019

Background: Low birth weight is a socio, economic, cultural and community based health issue which reflects responsibility and commitment of local and national administrative authorities. It continues to be a cause of short and long term adverse perinatal outcome with a bearing on adult non communicable health risks.Methods: This is a prospective observational and analytic study to know the prevalence, risk factors and perinatal outcome of LBW, from July 2017 to December 2018 in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MIMS Medical College, Andhra Pradesh, India. Maternal risk factors and outcomes associated with LBW were defined through risk ratios.Results: 721 infants including 116 LBW and 605 NBW born during study period were included in the study. Prevalence of LBW was 16%. Preterm birth accounted for 35%, FGR for 13.8% and SGA for 51.2% of them. Maternal factors like age <20 years and >35years, social status II to IV, below higher secondary education, house maker, primi gravida, grand multi para, BMI <18.5kg/M2 or >24.9kg/M2, Hb<11 gm% were having higher RR for LBW. LBW infants showed frequent association with oligo or polyhydramnious and hemorrhagic or turbid amniotic fluid. They had higher risks for non reassuring fetal heart rate changes, for induced delivery or an elective caesarean section. More often they needed NICU care for longer duration and showed a higher risk for malformations and neonatal mortality. Overall perinatal mortality was 5.54 per 1000 live birth.Conclusions: LBW is a risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality; which can be minimised by institutional delivery. High prevalence PTB (35%) warrants obstetricians to be more vigilant about indentifying the risk factors and adequate management planning. Constitutionally small baby at birth probably needs redefining normal birth weight for different ethnicity.
Workplace based clinical procedural skills assessment using directly observed procedural skills in interns in Otorhinolaryngology rotation
Authors: Puri Sanjeev , Verma Rohit
Published: September 2019

Background: In view of changing requirements in healthcare systems and planned reforms of medical education curricula, effective teaching and assessment of clinical skills in the undergraduate setting has become more and more important. There is a need for implementation of newer methods of evaluation keeping in mind the principles of adult learning and self-directed learning. DOPS (directly observed procedural skills) is a highly structured assessment tool for assessment of the practical work performed by a trainee on a real patient under supervision of experienced faculty. This study aimed to make use of DOPS as a method of workplace based assessment for interns in otorhinolaryngology posting.Methods: 15 interns posted in department of otorhinolaryngology participated in the study. Three clinical procedural skills included were anterior rhinoscopy, otoscopy and indirect laryngoscopy. Three DOPS were undertaken for each skill. The performance was noted as DOPS ratings. The results were tabulated and statistically analysed.Results: A total of 135 DOPS were undertaken for 15 interns. Mean overall DOPS rating improved from DOPS 1 to DOPS 3. The difference in value between DOPS 1 and 3 for anterior rhinoscopy was statistically significant. For otoscopy and indirect laryngology, the difference between DOPS 1 and 2, DOPS 1 and 3 was statistically significant. Both faculty and interns found DOPS to be an efficient tool for assessment.Conclusions: DOPS  is a cost effective assessment tool. It has an effective role in facilitating students’ learning and skill development as it is based on the direct observation of trainees’ procedural skills in real clinical environment.
Ni/MgO catalysts on structured metal supports for air conversion of lower alkanes to synthesis gas
Authors: Kirillov V. A. , Shigarov A. B. , Kuzin N. A. , Kireenkov V. V. , Braiko A. S. , Burtsev N. V.
Published: September 2019

A series of thermostable heat-conducting selective catalysts for air conversion of lower alkanes to burn-initiating fuel additives fed as synthesis gas to fuel were developed based on nickel-containing highly porous foam-cellulous material (HPCM) and a net-shaped support. The catalyst synthesis included stages of preparation of the support based on Ni-HPCM (Ni 99,95 %, PPI = 40) or fechral grid, arrangement of the support surface and formation of structured units, thermal treatment of the samples, supporting of the active component via repeated impregnation with a combination of magnesium and nickel acetates, and stepwise thermal treatment. Thus prepared catalysts NiO-MgO/(HPCM or fechral) were tested in the reactions of air conversion of propane, propane-butane, natural gas, as well as tri-reforming. In all the 80–100 hour experiments, the catalysts provided 90–96 % conversion at the flow rate of 32000–71000 h–1, no coke formation being observed at the air excess coefficient of 0.31–0.43. A two-phase two-temperature mathematical model of the air conversion of liquefied hydrocarbon gases (LHG) was developed for the numerical analysis of the results obtained; the modeled results agreed well with the experimental data on temperatures of the catalyst and flow, as well as on the composition of the outlet gas mixture. A generator of 100 kW heat power for the air conversion of LHG was calculated as a practical example.
Characterization of the spent industrial catalyst Co-Mo/Al2O3 for fine hydrotreatment of diesel fuel
Authors: Sokolova Yu. V. , Belkina I. S. , Sviridova T. A.
Published: September 2019

Physicochemical properties of the spent industrial catalyst Co-Mo/Al2O3for hydrotreatment of diesel fuel were studied. IR, TG, DTA and SEM techniques were used to establish that the catalyst surface is covered uniformly by a coke film; the soft coke consists predominantly of a mixture of slightly branched saturated hydrocarbons. Coke is oxidized at 190–375 °C (soft coke) and 375–525 °C (hard coke) and was removed quantitatively by calcining in air at 550 °C for 3 hours. XRD and SEM techniques, low temperature nitrogen adsorption, and chemical analysis were used to demonstrate considerable changes in the structure of the spent catalyst (phases Co3O4, CoCO3and CoSO4·6H2O); the Mo content decreased by 7.7 %; Fe, Na and V impurities were accumulated; sintering resulted in a decrease in the specific surface area and total pore volume by 31.5 and 28.4 %, respectively. The data obtained are necessary for developing methods for the catalyst utilization.
Thermostable esterase estUT1 of bacteria Ureibacillus thermosphaericus: the influence of additional processed domain TrxA on enzyme properties
Authors: Sorokina K. N. , Samoilova Yu. V. , Parmon V. N.
Published: September 2019

A gene of thermostable esterase of bacteria Ureibacillus thermosphaericus was expressed in strain E. coli BL21(DE3) comprised in domain TrxA-containing genetic construct pET32b-estUT1, under the control T7-promoter. The specific activity and relative thermostability of thus produced recombinant enzyme increased from 54.2 to 65.8 % (an hour incubation at 70 °C). The additional domain TrxA was discovered not to affect noticeably the pH optimum of the enzyme activity and its substrate specificity. In the absence of domain TrxA, the stability of estUT1 increased considerably in the presence of various chemicals including ethanol and methanol. The maximal catalytic activity (kcat/KM) of esterase equal to 280.0 s–1·mM–1 was observed in the absence of domain TrxA. Thus, introduction of an additional processed domain TrxA allows the enzyme to be secreted in the dissolved form but, on the other hand, the target protein becomes less thermostable.
Narrativas que acompanham a possessão dionisíaca na tragédia As bacantes, de Eurípides
Authors: Araújo Orlando Luiz de , Silva Pedro Leno De Jesús da
Published: September 2019

Este artigo discutirá, a partir da tragédia grega de Eurípides, As Bacantes, a relação que se estabelece, entre o humano e o divino, focalizando, especiifcamente, a noção de loucura humana, quando se coloca face ao divino. Assim, o intuito é buscar, a partir de narrativas feitas por personagens, compreender o papel dessas narrativas incorporadas às ações dramatizadas e sua relação com a loucura das  bacantes tebanas, bem como a loucura que aflige Penteu, comparando-as com o comportamento do coro das bacantes lídias. Além disso, a pesquisa enfoca a relação do comportamento insano com os elementos rituais que constituem a religião dionisíaca apresentada na peça, além de destacar a própria figura de Dioniso, uma vez que a loucura as põe em situação de estranhamento com valores opostos entre si, como a noção de civilidade e selvageria, humanidade e divindade. Como suporte teórico, para balizar a pesquisa, utilizamos categorias da Narratologia que nos permitem melhor entender como essas se produzem, no drama euripidiano, e qual a natureza da loucura.
A personagem Nina, de Lúcio Cardoso, no contexto de sua tradução para o cinema
Authors: Leite Sampaio Aila Maria
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a tradução da personagem Nina, do romance Crônica da casa assassinada(1959), de Lúcio Cardoso, para o filme Casa assassinada (1971), de Paulo César Saraceni. Utilizaremos como base teórica a concepção de adaptação fílmica como um tipo de reescritura, de André Lefevere (2007); leva-se em conta, pois, que o texto adaptado não é uma cópia do original, mas um novo texto. Assim, entendemos o processo como um dialogismo intertextual, considerando que todas as formas de texto são intersecções de outros textos (HUTCHEON, 2011). Os resultados da análise mostram que a maldade que se atribui a Nina, no romance, não pode ser vista como essencial, mas decorre da interpretação de seus atos pelo olhar dos outros; com o apagamento dessas vozes narrativas (FRIEDMAN, 2002), na obra fílmica, a personagem ganha mais espaço de subjetivação e o discurso sobre o mal atribuído a ela é suavizado, imprimindo na adaptação marcas da poética do diretor.
A continuidade como conceito do poder
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Davi
Published: September 2019

A obra O que é o Poder? de Byung-Chul Han, publicada no Brasil em 2019, tem como pretensão responder adequadamente à pergunta título, pois, segundo a compreensão do autor, ao redor do poder ronda um caos teórico, o que dificulta estabelecer um consenso a respeito do que consistiria o poder, seu modo de ser e de funcionar. Han entende que o poder é um fenômeno demasiadamente complexo e, nesse sentido, para ter uma compreensão que não falte com algum modo de representação ou de aparição do poder, pretende formular um conceito móvel, capaz de adaptar-se a qualquer estrutura de poder possível. Podemos dizer que definir o campo de atuação do poder, separando-o expressamente da violência, é um dos desafios que Han se propôs ao desenvolver sua tese.
Corpos autistas: perceptos e movimentos de professores que ensinam ciências
Authors: Polizel Alexandre Luiz , Oliveira Moises Alves de
Published: September 2019

Objetiva-se levantar considerações acerca dos perceptos e deslocamentos nas movimentações educacionais de professores que lecionam ciências em seus encontros com corpos autistas em sala de aula. Para isto, utiliza-se de pesquisa qualitativa de cunho interpretativo, utilizando questionário online contento quatro questões dissertativas, divulgado em dois grupos da rede social facebook: “Professores PSS Paraná” e “Pibid”. Divulgação realizada semanalmente nos meses de dezembro de 2017 e janeiro de 2018, direcionado a professores que tiveram experiências com corpos localizados em Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e que ensinassem ciências. Para análise das considerações foi realizada analise de discurso com inspirações nas contribuições de Michel Foucault. A apresentação dos resultados deu-se em dois eixos: a) Os perceptos de professores que ensinam ciências sobre corpos em TEA e, b) movimentações educacionais de professores que lecionam ciências no contato com corpos em TEA. Evidenciou-se que os professores identificavam os corpos em TEA como 1) uma ausência, dificuldade ou patologia em relação a um quadro de normalidade, 2) um excesso de sensibilidade nas relações em relação a um quadro de normalidade, 3) um modo de existir outro e 4) um corpo em TEA acompanhado de um corpo de uma professora de apoio. Vê-se também movimentações educacionais afim de potencializar o processo educativo-disciplinatório de modo a incluir os corpos em TEA no processo de normalização, movimentos que envolvem um olhar de diagnose constante a própria prática docente, envolvendo busca de saberes, adaptações espaciais e um redirecionamento do olhar.
Três casos de aconselhamento genético no Brasil
Authors: Aymore Debora De Sa Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

Abordando a aplicação tecnológica como uma prática contextualizada social e historicamente, e desenvolvida em determinadas instituições, refletimos sobre três casos de aconselhamento genético realizado no Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco. Segundo Mayana Zatz, professora titular de genética do Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, o aconselhamento genético é capaz de diminuir o risco de casais terem seus filhos afetados por doenças (cf. ZATZ, 2000, p. 29). Porém, podemos ressaltar que, além da prevenção, o aconselhamento genético pode levantar informações incidentais, tais como sobre falsa paternidade ou sobre relações de incesto. O conflito ético derivado de informações incidentalmente obtidas envolve redes complexas de valores, tanto dos responsáveis pelos atendimentos, quanto dos pacientes e de seus familiares. Assim, dado a obtenção de tais informações, é necessário articular os valores envolvidos, tendo em vista a manutenção (ou não) do sigilo médico e a realização do menor dano possível aos pacientes e aos seus familiares. Juntamente com o sigilo médico, outros valores sociais estão implicados nas situações controversas, tais como a proteção à intimidade individual, à família e à criança e ao adolescente. Visando a contextualização dos três casos de aconselhamento, abordamos, entre outras leis, a Constituição Federal de 1988, o Código de Ética Médica e o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, buscando basear nossa análise em valores considerados em alta estima social no Brasil.
The Nurses No-One Remembers: Looking for Spanish Nurses in Accounts of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)
Authors: Nelson Sioban , Galbany-Estragués Paola , Gallego-Caminero Gloria
Published: September 2019

Accounts of Spanish nursing and nurses during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) that appear in the memoirs and correspondence of International Brigade volunteers, and are subsequently repeated in the secondary literature on the war, give little indication of existence of trained nurses in country. We set out to examine this apparent erasure of the long tradition of skilled nursing in Spain and the invisibility of thousands of Spanish nurses engaged in the war effort. We ask two questions: How can we understand the narrative thrust of the international volunteer accounts and subsequent historiography? And what was the state of nursing in Spain on the Republican side during the war as presented by Spanish participants and historians? We put the case that the narrative erasure of Spanish professional nursing prior to the Civil War was the result of the politicization of nursing under the Second Republic, its repression and reengineering under the Franco dictatorship, and the subsequent national policy of “oblivion” or forgetting that dominated the country during the transition to democracy. This policy silenced the stories of veteran nurses and prevented an examination of the impact of the Civil War on the Spanish nursing profession.
Ulama dan Politik: Keterlibatan Ulama Sumatera Selatan dalam Politik Praktis dan Community Empowerment Pada Abad XX
Authors: Nasution Nurseri Hasnah
Published: September 2019

The cleric of South Sumatra is a central figure who has a very wide authority. They have a multifunction with polymorphic leadership. Historical facts show that they are civilization actors who respond to various problems of South Sumatra in the twentieth century. These problems are characterized by the religious phenomenon of postmodernism and the problems of religious articulation diversity. To respond to these phenomena and problems, some South Sumatra clerics such as K.H. Anwar Kumpul, K.H. M. Zen Syukri, K.H. Zainal Abidin Fikry is actively involved in practical politics and community empowerment.

K.H. Anwar Kumpul, K.H. M. Zen Syukri, K.H. Zainal Abidin Fikry actively participates in practical politics, has a spirit of patriotism and nationalism, actively involved nature community empowerment through da'wah activities, education, social, religious and military. Their involvement in practical politics and community empowerment has implications for progress in South Sumatra. This study deconstructs collective perceptions and memories that assume that scholars should not engage in practical politics, since practical politics do not represent morality and honesty, a condition with ambition and avarice that is contrary to Islamic shari'a.