bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Respon Vietnam dalam Menghadapi Kebijakan Illegal Fishing Indonesia di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Perairan Natuna
Authors: Maulida Tia , Kusumawardhana Indra
Published: February 2021

This design/research on Vietnam's response to the IUU Fishing Indonesia "Sink the Vessels" policy which has sunk 272 Vietnamese vessels from 2014-2018, with the aim of providing an understanding of Vietnam's strategy in maintaining its relationship with Indonesia and the reasons why Vietnam responded to the policy it is not aggressive. This study uses defensive realism approach through four assumptions from Jeffrey W. Taliaferro. The method used is a qualitative research model that is descriptive in nature with literature study data collection techniques through the collection of data and information and reliable sources. The results show that based on the four basic assumptions of Taliaferro realism, namely Vietnam experiences a security dilemma that is not focused on Indonesia, the existence of complex water conflicts in the region, Vietnam's military capabilities under Indonesia and Vietnam's domestic politics which have a tendency to maintain good relations with Indonesia.
Sublethal toxicity test of mercury (Hg) in the flesh and tissue of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Yusnaini Yusnaini , Emiyarti Emiyarti , Nur Indriyani , Astuti Oce , Patadjai Rahmad Sofyan
Published: February 2021

This study tested the sublethal toxicity of mercury (Hg) in the flesh and tissue of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This research used an experimental method completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used different Hg concentrations: Treatment A = 0.08 ppm; B = 0.16 ppm; C = 0.24 ppm; and the control group = without the addition of Hg. The parameters observed were the accumulation of mercury (Hg) in the flesh and tissue damage (histopathology) of the gills, kidneys and liver of tilapia. The results showed that the highest Hg accumulation was at the highest Hg concentration (treatment C = 0.24 ppm). Tissue damage was mainly found in the kidneys, liver and gills of fish exposed to Hg with indications of bleeding, tubular necrosis, vacuolization of epithelial cells, and mononuclear cell infiltration. The results showed that the toxicity of mercury to the organs increased with the increase in the concentration of Hg in water. Keywords : flesh, mercury, Oreochromis niloticus, sublethal, tissue
Organic Feed Enrichment Effects toward Growth Performance and Egg Production of Oithona similis
Authors: Chilmawati Diana , Hutabarat Johannes , Anggoro Sutrisno , Suminto Suminto
Published: February 2021

The optimum condition of culture media and feed diets which fit the necessities of Oithona similis life (ecophysiological) is very important for it to grow and develop in its maximum. The enrichment of O. similis feed can be done by adding fermented organic feed. Providing organic feed with optimum protein content is necessary to support the growth process and reproduction of O. similis. Osmoregulation process of water organism which is influenced by media salinity is related to bioenergetics process as the effort to use feed energy for the growth. This research aimed to examine the effect of different organic feed protein content and to determine the optimum point which may result in the best growth and egg production of O. similis in the optimum condition of culture media. The study used an experimental method with a completely random design consisting of 4 treatments and 4 repetitions each, i.e. O. similis culture with A. 25%; B. 30%; C. 35%; and D. 40% organic feed protein content. The results showed that the difference of protein content in organic feed affects the growth and production of O. similis eggs. The optimum point of protein content in the fermented organic feed is on protein content B, i.e. 30%, which resulted in the best growth performance (70.44 ± 0.43 ind.mL-1 total density, 0.213 ± 0.001.day-1 population growth rate, and 27.38 ± 0.48 eggs.ind-1 egg production. (ttujuan dan pembahasan harus past tense), Tujuan di abstrak minimal harus menggambarkan atau sama denga tujuan di pendahuluan)Keywords: enrichment, Oithona similis, organic feed, protein, reproduction
Authors: Atang Atang , Palupi Endah Sri
Published: February 2021

Plastik merupakan bahan yang banyak dijumpai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, baik untuk keperluan rumah tangga, perkantoran, pertanian/perkebunan, perindustrian, dan sebagainya. Salah satu jenis plastik yang umum digunakan adalah plastik polikarbonat (polycarbonate/PC). Bahan utama pada pembuatan plastik polikarbonat adalah senyawa 2,2-bis (4-hidroksifenil) propan atau yang dikenal dengan nama bisphenol A (BPA). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian antioksidan alami tehadap berat testis mencit (Mus musculus) jantan dewasa yang terpapar senyawa kimia penyusun plastik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi dua kelompok kontrol serta 4 kelompok lain mendapat perlakuan air rebusan plastik dan antioksidan alami. ARP dan AO diberikan secara oral ke mencit jantan sebanyak 0,25 ml setiap hari selama penelitian. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan BNT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pemberian antioksidan alami  selama 21 hari pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang terpapar senyawa kimia plastik memberikan pengaruh terhadap penurunan berat testis mencit jantan pada perlakuan K(-) / control negatif. Berdasarkan analisis data melalui uji statistik yang telah dilakukan, rangkaian perlakuan pemberian antioksidan alami terhadap mencit yang terpapar senyawa kimia plastik selama 21 hari tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap berat testis mencit.
The Effects of Anthropogenic Sound and Artificial Light Exposure on Microbiomes: Ecological and Public Health Implications
Authors: Robinson Jake M , Cameron Ross , Parker Brenda
Published: February 2021

Globally, anthropogenic sound and artificial light pollution have increased to alarming levels. Evidence suggests that these can disrupt critical processes that impact ecosystems and human health. However, limited focus has been given to the potential effects of sound and artificial light pollution on microbiomes. Microbial communities are the foundations of our ecosystems. They are essential for human health and provide myriad ecosystem services. Therefore, disruption to microbiomes by anthropogenic sound and artificial light could have important ecological and human health implications. In this mini-review, we provide a critical appraisal of available scientific literature on the effects of anthropogenic sound and light exposure on microorganisms and discuss the potential ecological and human health implications. Our mini-review shows that a limited number of studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of anthropogenic sound and light pollution on microbiomes. However, based on these studies, it is evident that anthropogenic sound and light pollution have the potential to significantly influence ecosystems and human health via microbial interactions. Many of the studies suffered from modest sample sizes, suboptimal experiments designs, and some of the bioinformatics approaches used are now outdated. These factors should be improved in future studies. This is an emerging and severely underexplored area of research that could have important implications for global ecosystems and public health. Finally, we also propose the photo-sonic restoration hypothesis: does restoring natural levels of light and sound help to restore microbiomes and ecosystem stability?
Phylogenetic Characterisation of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Detected in African Blue Ticks Feeding on Cattle in a Ugandan Abattoir
Authors: Wampande Eddie M. , Waiswa Peter , Allen David J. , Hewson Roger , Frost Simon D.W. , Stubbs Samuel C.B.
Published: February 2021

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is the most geographically widespread tick-borne virus. However, African strains are poorly represented in sequence databases. In addition, almost all sequence data have been obtained from cases of human disease, while information regarding circulation of the virus in tick and animal reservoirs is severely lacking. Here, we characterise the complete coding region of a novel CCHFV strain, detected in African blue ticks (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus) feeding on cattle in an abattoir in Kampala, Uganda. These cattle originated from a farm in Mbarara, a major cattle-trading hub for much of Uganda. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the newly sequenced strain belongs to the African genotype II clade, which predominantly contains the sequences of strains isolated from West Africa in the 1950’s and South Africa in the 1980’s. Whilst, the viral S (nucleoprotein) and L (RNA polymerase) genome segments shared >90% nucleotide similarity with previously reported genotype II strains, the glycoprotein-coding M segment shared only 80% nucleotide similarity with the next most closely related strains, which were from India and China. This segment also displayed a large number of non-synonymous mutations previously unreported in genotype II strains. Characterisation of this novel strain adds to our limited understanding of the natural diversity of CCHFV circulating in both ticks and in Africa. Such data can be used to inform the design of vaccines and diagnostics, as well as studies exploring the epidemiology and evolution of the virus for the establishment of future CCHFV control strategies.
Motion Planning and Control of Redundant Manipulators for Dynamical Obstacle Avoidance
Authors: Palmieri Giacomo , Scoccia Cecilia , Palpacelli Matteo-Claudio , Callegari Massimo
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a framework for the motion planning and control of redundant manipulators with the added task of collision avoidance. The algorithms that were previously studied and tested by the authors for planar cases are here extended to full mobility redundant manipulators operating in a three-dimensional workspace. The control strategy consists of a combination of off-line path planning algorithms with on-line motion control. The path planning algorithm is used to generate trajectories able to avoid fixed obstacles, detected before the robot starts to move; it is based on the potential fields method combined with a smoothing interpolation that exploits Bézier curves. The on-line motion control is designed to compensate for the motion of the obstacles and to avoid collisions along the kinematic chain of the manipulator; it is realized by means of a velocity control law based on the null space method for redundancy control. A term of the control law takes into account the speed of the obstacles as well as their position. In order to test the algorithms, a set of simulations are presented: the robot KUKA LBR iiwa is controlled in different cases, where fixed or dynamic obstacles interfere with its motion. Simulations are also used to estimate the required computational effort in order to verify the transferability to a real system.
Model Membrane Interactions and Biological Activity of a Naphthalimide-Containing BP100
Authors: Carretero Gustavo Penteado Battesini , Saraiva Greice Kelle Viegas , Rodrigues Magali Aparecida , Kiyota Sumika , Bemquerer Marcelo Porto , Chaimovich Hernan , Cuccovia Iolanda Midea
Published: February 2021

In a large variety of organisms, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are primary defences against pathogens. BP100 (KKLFKKILKYL-NH2), a short, synthetic, and cationic AMP, is active against bacteria and displays low toxicity towards eukaryotic cells. BP100 acquires an α-helical conformation upon interaction with membranes and increases membrane permeability. Despite the volume of information available, the mechanism of action of BP100, the selectivity of its biological effects, and its applications are far from consensual. In this work, we synthesized a fluorescent BP100 analog containing naphthalimide linked to its N-terminal end, Napht-BP100 (Napht-AAKKLFKKILKYL-NH2). The fluorescence properties of naphthalimides, especially their spectral sensitivity to microenvironment changes, are well established, and their biological activities against different types of cells are known. A wide variety of techniques were used to demonstrate that a-helical Napht-BP100 was bound and permeabilized POPC and POPG LUV. Napht-BP100, different from that observed for BP100, was bound to, and permeabilized POPC LUV. With zwitterionic (POPC) and negatively charged (POPG) containing LUVs, membrane surface high peptide/lipid ratios triggered complete disruption of the liposomes in a detergent-like manner. This disruption was driven by charge neutralization, lipid aggregation, and membrane destabilization. Napht-BP100 also interacted with double-stranded DNA, indicating that this peptide could also affect other cellular processes in addition to membrane destabilization. Napht-BP100 showed superior antibacterial activity, increased hemolytic activity compared to BP100, and may constitute an efficient antimicrobial agent for dermatological use. By conjugating BP100 and naphthalimide antimicrobial properties, Napht-BP100 was bound more efficiently to the bacterial membrane and could destabilize the membrane and enter the cell by interacting with its cytoplasm- exposed DNA.
Karakteristik Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Uap Air Film terbuat dari Karboksi Metil Glukomanan-Karagenan dengan Penambahan Gliserol
Authors: Fadilah Fadilah , Susanti Ari Diana , Distantina Sperisa
Published: February 2021

Abstrak. Plastik sebagai bahan pengemas mempunyai berbagai kelebihan namun tidak dipungkiri telah menyebabkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan. Berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi pencemaran tersebut dan salah satunya adalah usaha menggantikan plastic dengan bahan yang ramah lingkungan. Edible film banyak diformulasikan dari berbagai bahan yang biodegradable. Polimer alam berbasis karbohidrat banyak dilirik sebagai sumber pembuatan film karena jumlahnya yang melimpah. Glukomanan merupakan polisakarida yang terdapat dalam umbi porang. Untuk pembuatan edible film, glukomanan dimodifikasi memjadi karboksi metIl glukomanan sebelum dicampur dengan karagenan. Sejumlah gliserol ditambahkan sebagai plastisizer. Pengamatan terhadap kesetimbangan adsorpsi uap air dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri pada kisaran kelembaban relatif 6,1 – 97%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa film dengan konsentrasi gliserol yang lebih tinggi menunjukkan nilai kesetimbangan kandungan uap air yang lebih tinggi. Model kesetimbangan adsorpsi uap air yaitu persamaan Oswin digunakan untuk menggambarkan perilaku penyerapan air.

 

Abstract. Various efforts have done to overcome the enviromental pollution and one of them is to replace plastic with environmentally friendly materials. Glucomannan is a polysaccharide found in porang tubers that can be a source for biodegradable edible film.. For the production of edible film, glucomannan was modified into carboxy methyl glucomannan before it was mixed with carrageenan. Glycerol was added as a plasticizer. The film was made by casting method. Gliserol was added to a mixed solution of carboxy methyl and carrageenan and then poured onto a mold before drying in an electrical oven. Observation of the equilibrium adsorption equilibrium was carried out by gravimetric method for different level of water activity (0.06 – 0.97) and temperature (30, 40 and 50 oC). The results showed that film with higher glycerol concentrations showed higher equilibrium moisture content. The equilibrium adsorption model, the Oswin equation, is used to describe the water absorption behavior with average error at 20,947 – 75,271%.

 

Keywords: Carboxymethyl glucomannan-carrageenan film, water vapor equilibrium, Oswin equation.
Two Step and Direct Fermentation in the Production of Ethanol from Starch: A Short Review
Authors: Dyartanti Endah Retno , Margono Margono , Nurohmah Anisa Raditya , Nisa Shofirul Sholikhatun , Riantosa Novan
Published: February 2021

Abstract.  Ethanol as a renewable fuel has been widely produced in various countries. One source of raw material for producing ethanol is starch. The process of producing ethanol from starch needs to be pretreated so that starch molecules can split into smaller ones. However, this process requires pre-treatment which will expensive more than ethanol from sugar. There are two types of pretreatment i.e. two-step ethanol production and direct fermentation. There is two kind of hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis. Two-step ethanol production is a conventional method that separates pretreatment and fermentation process, while direct fermentation is the direct production of starch into ethanol using recombinant yeast that co-produces enzymes such as amylose and glucoamylase. Two-step ethanol production has the advantage of high yield but needs high cost whereas, direct fermentation has the advantage of low-cost production but needs longer time. Common starch to ethanol production consists of two stages, namely hydrolysis of raw materials into glucose and fermentation into ethanol. Both of these processes can be run on average at temperatures of 30-80oC with a pH range of 4-6 and varying time intervals. The enzyme used depends on the source of the starch, but the most commonly used is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Keywords: Ethanol, starch, pre-treatment
Special Issue on Disaster Storytelling, in Commemoration of 2020 TeLL-Net Forum, Kobe, Japan
Authors: Nagamatsu Shingo , Sawada Masahiro , Ono Yuichi , Tanaka Naoto , Sakamoto Mayumi , Ishihara Ryoga , Sakato Masaru , Sato Shosuke , Maly Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

This special issue of the Journal of Disaster Research focuses on disaster storytelling, an emerging concept in disaster risk reduction. Despite its popularity and importance, its individual practices and activities, as they tend to be spontaneous and local, have received only limited attention from academia and have not been given special attention by the disaster research community.

The papers included in this volume contain multi-dimensional discussions on disaster storytelling, including ones that focus on concepts and theory, the functions of disaster museums, tourism, local communities, UNESCO geoparks, disaster ruins and heritage, art and culture, and disaster education. The readers can understand the variety of disaster storytelling activities that exist around the world and their potential contribution to building resilience in society. We believe this issue is the first academic publication to focus specifically on disaster storytelling, and we hope that this volume contributes to creating scientific value, attracts additional attention, and develops further discussions about the role of disaster storytelling within the disaster research community. We also believe that such discussions will help various individuals and entities reidentify the importance and significance of their activities of disaster storytelling as well as contribute to continuing or strengthening such activities around the world.

All of the contributors to this issue participated in the International Forum on Telling Live Lessons from Disasters (TeLL-Net Forum), held January 24–26, 2020 in Kobe, Japan. The articles included in this issue include ones that were inspired by discussions during and after the forum. Readers interested in this forum can obtain the official report from the TeLL-Net website: https://tell-net.jp/forum2020/pdf/00_Tell_Net2020_Report_print.pdf.

We, the editorial board of this special issue, would like to express our deep appreciation to the Hyogo Earthquake Memorial 21st Century Research Institute for the research grant on disaster storytelling. We also would like to express our gratitude to the Kobe Machizukuri Rokko Island Fund Charitable Trust (Tokyo, Japan) and AIG Institute (Osaka, Japan) for financial contributions that supported the publication of the issue.
The Role of Museums in Telling Live Lessons
Authors: Ono Yuichi , Murray Marlene , Sakamoto Makoto , Sato Hiroshi , Thumwimol Pornthum , Thumwimol Vipakorn , Thongthip Ratchaneekorn ,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University 468-1 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan,   Pacific Tsunami Museum, Hawaii, USA,   Disaster Reduction and Human Renovation Institution (DRI), Kobe, Japan,   Mt. Bandai Eruption Memorial Museum, Fukushima, Japan,   Fine Arts Department, Ministry of Culture, Royal Thai Government, Bangkok, Thailand,   Faculty of Architecture, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,   International Tsunami Museum, Phang-nga, Thailand
Published: January 2021

This paper summarizes a discussion of the role of disaster-related museums in passing down memories and lessons-learned to future generations through storytelling. The 135-minute discussion was held as a breakout session entitled “The Role of Museums in Telling Live Lessons” during the 2020 International Forum on Telling Live Lessons from Disasters in Kobe, Japan. On 25 January 2020, representatives of five museums (one still under construction) engaged in disaster storytelling activities. They discussed various issues, including how to engage local communities and improve the relationship between storytelling and sustainable museum management. The participating museums were the Pacific Tsunami Museum in Hawaii, U.S.A., the Disaster Reduction and Human Renovation Institution (DRI) in Kobe, Japan, the Museum of the Mount Bandai Eruption in Fukushima, Japan, the International Tsunami Museum in Khaolak, Thailand, and the Ban Namkhem Memorial and Museum in Thailand (under construction). Museums are important venues that develop and continue disaster storytelling. All the participating museums digitally archive images, which creates the permanent inheritance of collective memory. All the museums focus on children. On the other hand, human and economic resources are required for museums to carry out their activities. The need for a museum network engaged in disaster storytelling is also discussed.
Disaster Storytelling and Volcanic Eruptions Caused by Debris Avalanches on Mt. Bandai in Aizu and Mt. Unzendake and Mt. Mayuyama in Shimabara
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Ono Yuichi ,   Mt. Bandai Eruption Memorial Museum 1093-36 Kengamine, Hibara, Kitashiobara, Fukushima 969-2701, Japan,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
Published: January 2021

People tend to forget the past. For example, nine years have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011, and memories of the disaster have begun to fade even in the disaster-stricken areas. People who have experienced disasters directly have tried to spread the memories of those events in various ways because they do not want their children and grandchildren to endure what they did. One of the most impressive ways of sharing these memories is for witnesses of disasters to communicate how they directly experienced them. There is a challenge in handing down these stories because people directly affected by the disasters will die within the next ten years. This paper takes up two examples of volcanoes in Japan, and examines how stories of these disasters were passed on to people who have not experienced them directly. We proceed by investigating common points in these stories and comparing them, and also by exploring the activity of passing how these disaster stories have been passed down after more than 100 years since its occurrence when there are no more survivors who have any direct memory of it.
Disaster Museums in Japan: Telling the Stories of Disasters Before and After 3.11
Authors: Maly Elizabeth , Yamazaki Mariko ,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan,   3.11 Densho Road Promotion Organization, Miyagi, Japan
Published: January 2021

Japan has an established tradition of museums commemorating its long history of disasters, which memorialize lives lost and convey the scientific mechanisms of natural hazards, disaster history, and people’s experiences during and after disasters. The first part of this paper provides an overview of seven modern disaster museums in Japan established before 3.11, starting from the museum of the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake. These seven museums commemorate disasters of different types, time, and scales of damages. Considering their shared commonalities and individual characteristics, it describes the components and approaches of exhibits that these museums use to convey experiences and stories of disasters, passing on local knowledge toward future disaster risk reduction. The second part of the paper provides an overview of new museums and exhibit facilities established to commemorate the 3.11 Great East Japan Earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disaster of March 11, 2011. The scale of the devastation of 3.11, as well as an explosion of interest and support for activities of memorialization, documentation, and exhibition, has resulted in a variety and decentralization of new museums and exhibit spaces throughout the area affected by the 3.11 disaster. Spanning various combinations and types of exhibit facilities, this paper concludes by considering emergent trends compared to pre-3.11 disaster museums and potential future developments.
Geotourism and Disaster Storytelling: Lessons from 2013 Izu-Oshima Island Debris Flow Disaster
Authors: Nishitani Kana , Nakagawa Kazuyuki , Nagamatsu Shingo ,   Global Nature Club 1-74 Aza Kitano, Motomachi, Osima, Tokyo 100-0101, Japan,   Jiji Press Ltd., Tokyo, Japan,   Faculty of Societal Safety Sciences, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan,   National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED), Ibaraki, Japan
Published: January 2021

This report supports geotourism as an effective method of disaster storytelling, based on the lessons learned during and after the 2013 Izu-Oshima Island Debris Flow Disaster. Geotourism can provide a geological explanation to visitors as to why the disaster occurred in Izu-Oshima island, while also allowing a vital opportunity to help local people impacted by the disaster make sense of their catastrophic experiences. By doing so, individuals involved in geotourism can share a reverence and respect for the living Earth, which enables us to move forward even after experiencing a catastrophic disaster. This function is very similar to what Disaster Storytelling has.
The Role of the “Mediator” in Sustainable Preservation and Utilization of Disaster Remains – Report from the 2020 International Forum on Telling Live Lessons from Disasters –
Authors: Ishihara Ryoga , Hayashi Isao ,   Faculty of Policy Science, Ryukoku University 67 Tsukamoto-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 612-8577, Japan,   National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, Japan
Published: January 2021

Preserving disaster remains does not always mean inheriting memories of disasters. Without long-term preservation and sustainable utilization of disaster remains, we cannot hand down the stories of disasters to the future generations. Keeping this in mind, a breakout session “Disaster Remains and Passing-on of Memories” was held in the “2020 International Forum on Telling Live Lessons from Disasters,” to grasp the trends of disaster remains inside and outside Japan. The discussions in the breakout session have put a spotlight on the important role of the “mediator” in sustainable utilization of disaster remains. With reference to the reports presented by the speakers at the breakout session, the objective of this study is to discuss the role of the “mediator” in sustainable utilization of disaster remains. The role of the “mediator” has been found to include a role of encouraging the preservation of disaster remains and a role of digging up buried memories.
Memories and Conflicts of Disaster Victims: Why They Wish to Dismantle Disaster Remains
Authors: Sakaguchi Nao ,   Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), National Museum of Ethnology 10-1 Senri Expo Park, Suita, Osaka 565-8511, Japan
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on the memories and narratives of victims of disasters recalled using objects – namely, disaster remains – and examine what they mean to victims who want them to be dismantled. In the town of Otsuchi, Iwate Prefecture, which was devastated by the tsunami that occurred during the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), the issue of whether to preserve the former town office building – the site where the mayor and many municipal workers fell victim to the tsunami – developed into a heated controversy. Among the many affected residents, who desired dismantlement, some asserted that it was a “place of shame.” Most of these people were men in their 60s at the time of the catastrophe and recalled the pre-disaster situation of the local society; they were emotionally triggered by the accident to the tsunami. There are two reasons for the mention of shame in this context. First, former leaders of community activities (before the calamity) strongly criticized the fact that the town officials, who had been in a position to protect the residents, had failed to evacuate and became casualties. Second, there were residents who had an objective view of the local society based on their experiences working outside Otsuchi; this group felt that their pre-disaster activities were partially to be blamed for the loss of many town officials and were thus ashamed of themselves. Among disaster-affected residents who desire dismantlement, disaster remains serve to evoke diverse, fragmentary memories related to their life stories. While these men were able to reconfirm their love for their hometown, they used the narrative of “shame” to resist the impact of disaster remains by which an unequivocal image of local society is broadly disseminated via accidents surrounding the disaster remains, which is why victims wish for dismantlement.
International Post-Disaster Cooperation Toward Recovery and Keeping Memories Alive –Exploring Their Close Relationship–
Authors: Sakato Masaru ,   Tokyo, Japan
Published: January 2021

After a certain span of time, newer generations cannot remember the live lessons learned by previous generations from disasters. This becomes increasingly difficult as new generations evolve, particularly when the generation holding the personal experience of the disaster has passed away. This letter examines the possible effects of international support activities for disaster victims and rebuilding from disaster (referred to as “international post-disaster cooperation toward recovery”) on keeping disaster memories alive across generations. It is difficult to define a direct relationship between international post-disaster cooperation toward recovery and disaster recollection, because the period of international post-disaster cooperation toward recovery being implemented does not coincide with the new generation remembering the disaster and learning from it. However, this letter identifies the potential benefits of international post-disaster cooperation toward recovery for keeping the memories of the disaster alive in newer generations.
Disaster Storytelling: Extending the Memory of the Community Toward Disaster Preparedness from Myth, Scientific Explanation, and Popular Culture
Authors: Prawoto Eko ,   Duta Wacana Christian University Jl. dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo No.5-25 Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Octavia Linda
Published: January 2021

Disasters are likely to regularly occur in Indonesia since it is geographically located in the area known as the Ring of Fire, and is surrounded by many volcanoes, which float above several constantly moving pieces of tectonic plates. Disaster cycles transcend over generations and can be very long. Thus, it is very important to convey knowledge on disasters across generations since this information will affect the possibility of human survival should a disaster occur. How can we convey this information across generations? Are myths more effective than scientific explanations, or is it the other way around? Should we use both? How does a myth look like in our modern times? This study describes a number of myths – originating in several Indonesian locations, such as Yogyakarta, Palu, Sigi, Donggala, Banten, and Simeulue – so that a common thread can be drawn to obtain an effective way of conveying myths to future generations. From survivors’ stories of disasters, it seems that these accounts depend on their prior knowledge. Thus, it is important for the local story to be understood, so that it stays in the memory of the community, and can be narrated as a part of their everyday life. Thus, in accordance with the local community’s culture, it is essential to provide appropriate educational media on the risks of disasters and efforts to save themselves, should a disaster actually occur.
Erratum for “Verbal Expressions of Risk Communication: A Case Study After the 3.11 Crisis” (Vol.9, pp. 644-652, 2014)
Authors: Shinichiro Okamoto*  ,   *Faculty of Psychological and Physiological Science, Aichi Gakuin University 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin City, Aichi 470-0195, Japan **Faculty of Business and Commerce, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan, Toshiko Kikkawa**
Published: January 2021

In response to the inquiry to our article, the authors would like to specify the information sources for the following four citations in our article (Citations 12, 15, 18, and 23):
Inventarisasi Liken di Kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor
Authors: Ramadhanti Zahra Nur , Inggit Amellia Harnum  , Nadia Riza Pratiwi  , Zahra Wihanifa Putri  , Mieke Miarsyah  , Annisa Wulan Agus Utami
Published: February 2021

Kebun Raya Bogor merupakan salah satu ruang terbuka hijau utama di tengah Kota Bogor yang padat dan sudah ada sejak zaman pemerintahan kolonial Belanda. Kebun Raya Bogor memiliki peran sebagai bank plasma ex-situ. Kebun Raya Bogor menyimpan banyak plasma nutfah dari berbagai cagar alam serta memiliki koleksi tumbuhan hidup sebanyak 3.423 spesies, 1.257 genus dan 222 famili. Namun, liken yang berada di berbagai pohon Kebun Raya Bogor masih kurang diperhatikan dan belum banyak diteliti serta diketahui spesiesnya. Nyatanya terdapat beberapa manfaat yang mungkin diperoleh dalam meneliti liken di Kebun Raya Bogor ini, salah satunya yaitu dapat mengetahui kualitas udara di sekitar kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui spesies liken yang sering dijumpai di kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Lokasi pengamatan ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, ditentukan tiga stasiun sebagai perwakilan populasi liken di Kebun Raya Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa liken dengan jenis talus crustose mendominasi dibanding jenis talus lainnya. Diperoleh 17 spesies liken dengan tipe talus crustose sebanyak 10 spesies, foliose sebanyak 6 spesies, dan  fructicose sebanyak 1 spesies. Tujuh belas spesies tersebut tergolong kedalam sepuluh famili, yaitu Arthoniaceae, Caliciaceae, Candelariaceae, Cladonia, Graphidaceae, Lecanoraceae, Parmeliaceae, Phlyctidaceae, Crocyniaceae, Stereocaulaceae.  Famili Arthoniaceae merupakan famili yang paling banyak ditemukan dengan nilai persentase sebesar 27%. Spesies dari famili tersebut, Cryptothecia scripta merupakan spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan dengan presentase sebesar  21%. Jenis talus liken sangat erat kaitannya dengan kemampuan liken tersebut bertahan pada kondisi lingkungan yang ada.
Perbandingan keanekaragaman Orchidaceae di Kebun Raya Bogor
Authors: Pratiska Felia Nurjihan , Amelia Yunita , Putri Nurfani Indah , Dalevta Oktavierera , Wulaningsih Ratna Dewi , Heryanti Erna
Published: February 2021

Tanaman Anggrek dikelompokkan menjadi dua berdasarkan tempat hidupnya antara lain anggrek terestrial dan anggrek epifit. Dikarenakan keberadaan spesies Anggrek di alam semakin terancam, banyak dari spesies Anggrek dibudidayakan di kawasan konservasi ex situ yang digunakan sebagai pusat pelestarian keanekaragaman tumbuhan dari kepunahan, salah satu kawasan tersebut ialah Kebun Raya Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan keanekaragaman anggrek (Orchidaceae) yang terdapat di dalam Griya Anggrek dan yang terdapat di luar Griya Anggrek, Kebun Raya Bogor (KRB). Penelitian dilakukan di dua lokasi antara lain di dalam Griya Anggrek yang dibagi menjadi 4 titik sampling dan di luar Griya Anggrek yang dibagi menjadi 3 titik sampling. Setiap titik sampling dibuat 3 plot dengan ukuran 10 m x 10 m. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbandingan keanekaragaman Orchidaceae yang terdapat di dalam Griya Anggrek dan sekitarnya pada Kebun Raya Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor keanekaragaman tumbuhan anggrek yang berada di kawasan Griya Anggrek memiliki keanekaragaman yang lebih tinggi daripada diluar kawasan Griya Anggrek. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya fasilitas yang memadai, penjagaan suhu, kelembaban, serta intensitas cahaya yang menjadi faktor pendukung keanekaragaman nggrek yang terdapat di Griya Anggrek lebih tinggi.
Оценка корреляционной связи между результатами исследования образцов плазмы крови доноров-реконвалесцентов, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19, в тест-системе «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-COV-2-G» и в реакции нейтрализации
Authors: Матвеева Елена , Макарова Ирина , Фисенко Наталия , Обрядина Анна
Published: February 2021

Проведена работа по оценке корреляционной связи между результатами исследования образцов плазмы крови доноров, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19, в тест-системе «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-COV-2-G», производства ООО «НПО «Диагностические системы» (г. Нижний Новгород), и в реакции нейтрализации (РН). В качестве объектов исследования использовали 49 образцов плазмы крови доноров-реконвалесцентов COVID-19 с установленным титром вируснейтрализующих антител (ВНА) для каждого образца.

По результатам исследования была установлена статистически значимая корреляция между титром антител класса G к SARS-COV-2 в иммуноферментном анализе (ИФА) и титром ВНА, а также значениями оптической плотности (ОП), коэффициента позитивности (КП) в ИФА и титром ВНА в плазме крови доноров. Коэффициент корреляции Спирмена составил 0,948 и 0,837 соответственно, при уровне значимости р<0,0001. Чувствительность и специфичность тест-системы «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-COV-2-G» при тестировании образцов от потенциальных доноров гипериммунной плазмы составили 100% и 85,7% соответственно, по критерию титра антител ≥1600, и 100% и 91,4% по критериям ОП ≥3,000 (КП ≥ 9,6).
Sağlık Çalışanlarında Merhamet Yorgunluğu, Merhamet Memnuniyeti ve Merhamet Korkusu
Authors: ŞEREMET Gülizar Gülcan , EKİNCİ Nazmiye
Published: January 2021

Sağlık hizmet sunucuları sağlık hizmetine ihtiyaç duyan bireylere bakım hizmeti verdikleri süre boyunca, bir takım farklı duygular yaşayabilmektedir. Sağlık hizmet sunucularının yaşadıkları bu duygulardan bir tanesi de merhamet duygusudur. Merhamet, sağlık çalışanların sağlık hizmetine ihtiyaç duyan bireylere sunmuş oldukları bakım için önemli bir olgudur. Sağlık çalışanlarının yaşamış oldukları bu merhamet duygusu zaman içinde merhamet korkusu, merhamet yorgunluğu ya da merhamet memnuniyetine dönüşebilmektedir. Bakım hizmeti sağlayanların yaşamış oldukları bu duyguların hem kendilerine hem de bulundukları çevreye birtakım olumlu ya da olumsuz yansımaları olabilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında sağlık çalışanlarının yaşamış oldukları duygulardan bir tanesi olan merhamet duygusundan yola çıkarak, merhamet yorgunluğu, merhamet memnuniyeti ve merhamet korkusu kavramlarına ilişkin alan yazın taraması yapılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda doktorlar ve diğer sağlık çalışanları üzerinde merhamet yorgunluğu, merhamet memnuniyeti ve merhamet korkularının belirlenmesine yönelik araştırmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyulduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışmanın ileride yapılacak farklı çalışmalara da yön göstereceği düşünülmektedir.
DAKWAH MUSLIM PROGRESIF DALAM MENYIKAPI KESETARAAN GENDER
Authors: Assya'bani Ridhatullah , Falach Ghulam , Falach Ghulam
Published: February 2021

Women has long been in a relatively less beneficial position in society compared to their male couterparts. In the Muslim world, this situation has also long been a source of serious discussions among ulamas (experts), especially since Islam is founded upon the spirit of equality and anti-oppression. This paper, thus, deals with ideas from the camp of Progressive Muslims regarding gender equality, especially on the implementation of Islamic Da’wa (proselytizing) to promote gender equality according the perspective of Progressive Muslim. Utilizing literary approach, this paper argues that the implementation of the Da’wa of Progressive Muslims stresses on several aspects such as the importance of critical thinking, being no too textual, being moderate, not being apologetic, and being open about gender issues.Keywords: Da’wa, gender equality, progressive Muslims, and Omid Safi.
Fungos, diversidade e prospecção no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Juliano , Barreto Alaine , Silva Lucas , Rhoden Sandro
Published: February 2021

A presente revisão em bases de dados, tem como proposta estudar e analisar a diversidade de fungos, prospecção e sua exploração no Brasil. A utilização dos produtos naturais com o objetivo de obter a substâncias que controlem e curem doenças, há muito tempo é objeto de estudo da humanidade e com a descoberta de que os mais diversos microrganismos, entre eles os fungos, são uma rica fonte de matéria prima para o isolamento de substâncias químicas. Os fungos e seus metabólitos são utilizados como alternativa para a utilização nas mais diversas áreas, com aplicações na área médica e na agricultura. Os resultados da presente pesquisa demonstraram que há uma grande biodiversidade existente e ainda são incipientes poucos estudos desenvolvidos quando comparados com a quantidade de micro-organismos existentes. De um modo geral, os estudos já realizados vêm fornecendo retorno para a indústria farmacêutica, utilizando substâncias no controle de doenças, como antibióticos, antifúngicos entre outros. Já no que se refere a agricultura, os fungos, tem sido usado como biocontrolador de doenças e pragas na e outros como cosméticos e na indústria bioquímica de um modo geral. Ressalta-se que no Brasil, a quantidade é bem expressiva, porém pouco estudada quando comparada com outros países.
Explaining the Individual Challenges Experienced of Women Affected by Neuromyelitis Optica and Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparative Content Analysis Study
Authors: Shabany Maryam , Ayoubi Saeideh , NaserMoghadasi Abdorreza , Eskandarieh Sharareh
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Neuro-Myelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are an autoimmune condition. Both of them have unexpected and acute relapses. The aim of this qualitative study was explaining the individual problems experienced of women affected by NMOSD and MS.Method: Sixteen NMOSD patients and eighteen MS patients completed a face to face deep semi-structured interview. Participants were recruited from the MS ward in Sina hospital. After typed the interview, the data were analyzed using conventional content analysis, as recommended by Graneheim and Lundman (2005). Data analysis is managed with MAXQDA2018 software.Results: In this study, a common theme for both disease groups was identified as "challenges arising from personal problems". The categories are named after each other and have many similarities, which in the NMOSD group include four categories including: "From uncertainty to the perception of threat", "Living with limitations", "Active coping until normalization" and "Facilitators of personal problems" appeared. In the group of patients with MS, five categories emerged: "perceived threat", living at a bottleneck, trying to deal with negative experiences, "facilitators of personal problems" and "problems related to physical rehabilitation".Conclusion: This qualitative study showed that the individual problems of the two groups of NMOSD and MS patients are somewhat similar. Also in the present study, people with MS need longer-term rehabilitation care than people with NMOSD, which should be considered and examined, a need that was less seen in people with NMOSD. The unpredictability of attacks in NMOSD and MS can have a profound effect on the daily lives of these people. Therefore, educating patients and staff about how to manage life in such diseases can be an important help to improve patient's health.
Maternal Body Mass Index and Ethnicity in Relation to The Adverse Outcomes of Large for Gestational Age and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Retrospective Cohort of Australian Pregnant Women.
Authors: Knight-Agarwal Catherine , Rati Jani , Al-Foraih Meisa , Eckley Dionne , Lui Carrie Ka Wai , Somerset Shawn , Davis Deborah , Takito Monica Yuri
Published: February 2021

Background: The prevalence of maternal overweight and obesity has been increasing. This research explored the association between maternal body mass index and ethnicity in relation to the adverse outcomes of large for gestational age and gestational diabetes mellitus. Method: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken with 27 814 Australian women of various ethnicities, who gave birth to a singleton infant between 2008 and 2017. Variables were examined using logistic regression. Results: A significantly higher proportion of large for gestational age infants were born to overweight and obese women compared to those who were classified as underweight and healthy weight. Asian-born women with a body mass index of ≥ 40kg/m2 had an adjusted odds ratio of 9.926 (3.859 - 25.535) for birthing a large for gestational age infant whereas Australian-born women had an adjusted odds ratio of 2.661 (2.256 - 3.139) for the same outcome. Women born in Australia were at high risk of birthing a large for gestational age infant in the presence of insulin controlled gestational diabetes mellitus, but this risk was not significant for those with the diet-controlled type. Asian-born women did not present an elevated risk of birthing a large for gestational infant, in either the diet controlled, or insulin controlled gestational diabetes mellitus groups. Conclusion: Large for gestational age and gestational diabetes mellitus are adverse pregnancy outcomes that can lead to significant maternal and neonatal morbidity. Women who are overweight or obese, and considering a pregnancy, are encouraged to seek culturally appropriate nutrition and weight management advice during the periconception period.
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Induced by Dissipating Quasisolitons
Authors: Gawryluk Krzysztof , Brewczyk Mirosław
Published: February 2021

We theoretically study the sound propagation in a two-dimensional weakly interacting uniform Bose gas. Using the classical fields approximation we analyze in detail the properties of density waves generated both in a weak and strong perturbation regimes. While in the former case density excitations can be described in terms of hydrodynamic or collisionless sound, the strong disturbance of the system results in a qualitatively different response. Within this regime we identify observed structures as quasisolitons and uncover their internal complexity. Quasisolitons break into vortex pairs as time progresses, eventually reaching an equilibrium state. We find this state, characterized by only fluctuating in time averaged number of pairs of opposite charge vortices and by appearance of a quasi-long-range order, as the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase.