bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new reference block for field gamma spectrometry applications in ESR and luminescence dating
Authors: Duval Mathieu , Del Val Miren , Escarza María Jesús Alonso , Arnold Lee J. , Demuro Martina , Guilarte Verónica , Kumar Raju , Mercier Norbert , Schwenninger Jean-Luc , Tribolo Chantal , López Gloria I.
Published: January 2025

A new granite-doped concrete block with 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm dimensions has been built at CENIEH, Burgos, Spain, for dosimetry calibration and cross-referencing purposes. Independent evaluations of the block’s gamma dose rate using passive Al2O3:C dosimeters and various field gamma spectrometer (NaI) probes produce consistent results of 1495 ± 51 μGy a-1 and 1514 ± 43 μGy a-1 (or 1537 ± 19 μGy a-1, depending on the evaluation procedure employed), respectively. Bulk radioelement concentrations calculated from field gamma spectrometry using the Windows method are as follows: K = 1.58 ± 0.08 %, U = 4.26 ± 0.28 ppm, and Th = 12.62 ± 0.72 ppm. This new block complements existing dosimetry reference materials accessible at other laboratories and is available for the broader trapped charge dating community to use for instrument calibration, reproducibility assessments and intercomparison studies.
The Role of Financial Inclusion in Driving Economic Growth
Authors: Saienko V. , Skomorovskyi A. , Iermak V. , Sereda O. , Bulavynets O.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study analyses the economic essence of financial inclusiveness in the context of the accessibility of financial services for both the population and businesses
Design/Methodology/Approach: This research adopts a qualitative approach to examine the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth. This research employs a systematic sampling approach for secondary data collection. The study examined the processes of financial inclusiveness development in Ukraine from 2022–2023 and twenty countries included in the Global Crypto Adoption Index Top-20 for 2022. These instruments focus on collecting reliable secondary data spanning one year (2022-2023). Qualitative data undergoes thematic content analysis and pattern matching to identify emerging trends and success factors.
Research Limitation: The study is limited by the lack of access to official, reliable data and the difficulty of empirically verifying theoretical conclusions.
Findings: This paper analyses the mechanisms for ensuring financial inclusion through the introduction of digital innovations. It defines the essence of innovations and identifies trends in their implementation.
Practical Implication: Providing access to financial services for all population segments is proven to help reduce poverty and social inequality, promote entrepreneurship and investment, improve financial stability, and ensure economic growth.
Social Implication: It has been found that financial inclusion is positioned as both a component and a driver of socio-economic progress.
Originality/Value: The research process highlighted the importance of developing financial inclusion in Ukraine. The main trends in the dependence of economic growth on the level of financial inclusion were identified.
Communication Strategies of the Participants of English Meeting Clubs
Authors: Mahmud, PhD (Scopus ID: 56435695400) Prof. Murni
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the use of English language in one communicative situation, known as English meeting club. Generally, English club meetings are designed to practice students’ conversations in English, and therefore, speakers or participants are expected to use English in their communication. In this paper, conversations in English club meetings are explored to see the styles of communication used. The main objectives were to find out the styles of languages or expressions used in English meeting clubs. The paper was based on the descriptive qualitative studies conducted in one English club meeting in Makassar, South Sulawesi. Data collected by recording the process of discussion in three meetings and analyzed the transcribed recordings by using the technique of Discourse Analysis. Findings show some styles in using the language to communicate such as the use of unstructured language, the use of first language and code-switching, and the use of polite markers. It can be seen that formality and informality are found in the communication applied in English meeting clubs. Results of these findings are significant in the study of sociolinguistics, a study of language use in a particular society, as well as in the study of TEFL, teaching of English as a foreign language.
The Use Of Songs As A Tool For Language Education In Multilingual Populations
Authors: Budianto Suhartawan , Tobing Victor Maroli Tua L , Brumadyadisty Garry , Huda Nuril , Budianto Sony Piously
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In Indonesia, children are often exposed to multiple languages from an early age. English, being the dominant foreign language, poses challenges in learning due to the limited vocabulary among students. Previous studies suggest that traditional methods might not be sufficiently effective in improving English proficiency, especially in vocabulary acquisition. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating songs into English language education for elementary students, focusing on vocabulary enhancement and overall language skills improvement. An experimental research design was employed involving 80 elementary students from the first grade, divided into control and experimental groups. The intervention consisted of using English children's songs in the language learning process, with assessments conducted through pre-tests and post-tests to measure vocabulary acquisition and retention. The experimental group, exposed to the song-based learning method, showed significant improvements in English vocabulary compared to the control group. Post-test results indicated a higher average score in vocabulary tests for the experimental group. Incorporating songs into language education can significantly enhance vocabulary learning and retention among young learners. This method provides a conducive learning environment and fosters better engagement with the language.Keywords: English proficiency, language learning, multiligualism, song-based education
The Internalization of Character Education Values and the Concept of Happiness Through the Short Story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani: Children's Literature Study
Authors: Muhimmah Sulukul , Zawawi Moh
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The surge in juvenile delinquency cases proves that character education plays an important role in shaping an individual’s personality. Character education values also contribute an individual’s understanding and creation of happiness. This research aims to (1) present the values of character education in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan"; (2) describe the concept of happiness in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The primary data source in this research was from a short story titled "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. Meanwhile, the secondary data sources were references from articles, journals, and other relevant literature to the discussion in this research. The data collection technique used the read and note method. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the analysis model from Milles and Huberman by conducting data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research found (1) 21 instances of character education values, with 6 religious values, 2 honesty, 2 curiosity, 2 friendliness/communicativeness, 3 love of peace, and 6 responsibility. (2) The concept of happiness was found in 5 instances, with 2 involving knowledge of God and nature, and 3 involving moral actions and affection. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that children's literature is not only used for entertainment but also as an educational tool, such as instilling the values of character education and the concept of happiness for children. Moreover, children's literature can also influence character formation and psychological development in children.Keywords: The Value Of Character Education, The Concept Of Happiness, Children's Literature
Factors Influencing Academic Performance of English Literature Students
Authors: Widyastuti Susana , Andriyanti Erna , Nurhayati Ari
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Student success is one of key goals of higher education, thus necessary steps are taken to identify how it can be achieved. However, students vary in their ability and performance in completing their studies with various factors attributing to these variations. This study offers identification of the factors within the context of English language program. Examining students’ perception, it attempts to reveal ways in which personal, internal, and external factors and different stages of study may interact to influence student's academic performance. The primary data was a Google Form Questionnaire to 217 students (n=217) of the English literature study program in a state university in Yogyakarta. Through descriptive statistics, the Likert Rating Scale data were analyzed using R. Qualitative data underwent reduction, categorization, and representation using R Qualitative Data Analysis (RQDA). Findings reveal that the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) satisfied the goodness of fit criterion. The linear regression analysis using the variables from the CFA model revealed that University Learning Facilities, Liking one’s study program, Courses meeting students’ expectations, and Student's Interest in the courses explained 51.31% of the variation (R-squared=0.513) in Students' Academic Performance. However, lecturers negatively impact students’ success, alongside factors like mental health. Further research through in-depth interviews with alumni could establish a more supportive academic system.Keywords: CFA, EFA, student’s academic performance, motivation factors, obstructing factors
Exploring Relational Transgression and Its Consequences in J.M Coetzee’S Novel Disgrace
Authors: Pardi Pardi , Manugeren M. , Zein T. Thyrhaya , Pratiwy Devi , Asnani Asnani , Hidayati Hidayati
Published: January 2025

Abstract. J.M. Coetzee's Disgrace's relational transgression analysis is essential to comprehending literary analysis, ethical ramifications, society impact, and human behavior. People can learn more about the reasons behind such offenses, as well as the psychological and sociological elements that play a role by analyzing David Lurie's acts and the effects they have.This research aims to analyze the relation transgression committed by the character David Lurie in J.M. Coetzee's novel Disgrace and to delve deeper into why individuals engage in actions that breach social norms and how such actions impact individuals and society. Using a literary psychology approach through a descriptive qualitative research method, this study reveals the dominant characteristics of Lurie that trigger relation transgression.  The whole research is conducted by means of descriptive qualitative research method using content analysis. The analysis results show that Lurie has a tendency to violate social norms, particularly concerning his sexual desires. His arrogance and reluctance to apologize exacerbate the situation and isolate him from his social environment. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexity of characters in literary works and the implications of violating relational bonds in individual lives. By referring to the theory of relational transgression, this research highlights how Lurie's actions not only impact himself but also those around him. Effective preventive and intervention techniques may be developed with the help of the examination of Lurie's relational transgression in Disgrace. Communities can be made safer, healthier, and more inclusive by educating people on the underlying causes and effects of such behavior. By understanding the root causes and consequences of relational transgression, it is hoped that more effective prevention and intervention strategies can be developed.Keywords: Apology; arrogance; relation transgression; sexual desire
Editorial: Common Authors Mistakes in Article Writing and Editors' Advice on How to Avoid Them
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Masalimova Alfiya
Published: January 2025

Writing any scientific article is a labour-intensive process that requires compliance with certain stages, scientific format and clear logic of its presentation. In this section we will talk about frequent mistakes of authors, which we see in the articles attached to our journal.
So, the title of the article should be short and easy to read, while reflecting the main idea of the article as accurately as possible. It should contain the problem and the promise of its solution, which arouses readers' interest and motivation. However, among the frequent mistakes of authors when formulating the title of the article, the following problems can be identified: firstly, the title is too general, which does not make it clear what the text of the article is about; secondly, the title of the article does not correspond to its content; thirdly, when translated into a foreign language, unwanted meanings appear in the title of the article, which should also be taken into account; and lastly, the title of the article lacks the main keywords.
In the abstracts of some articles there is insufficient consideration of the structural requirements for their design, while they should contain briefly stated information about the relevance, purpose, leading methods and (or) techniques, author's results and practical significance of the article materials. There is also insufficiently concise justification of the relevance of the research, clearly disclosing the necessity and timeliness of solving the proposed problem. Another of the most common mistakes of authors in the design of the abstract is the unclear justification of the leading approaches, methods or techniques underlying the study. In some abstracts there is a blurred representation of the author's results.
Positive Maternal Practices and Child Perceived Stress as Predictors of Child's Motor Persistence
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, Drid Patrik , Rudnova Natalia ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia, Kornienko Dmitry ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

Motor persistence is an indicator of executive functions that involve maintaining the components of intentional movement. Due to its all-or-none nature, motor persistence may be considered the most direct manifestation of inhibitory control as one of the executive functions. Previous studies have shown that stress in childhood predicts poorer executive functions, and the negative impact of perceived stress has been identified in samples of adolescents. Parental practices are also important factors in child development and play an essential role in the formation of executive functions. Positive parenting practices facilitate the internalization of the self-regulatory process. However, the relationship between perceived stress among preschoolers, parental practices, and motor persistence is still limited. This study investigates the relationship between motor persistence and maternal practices in the context of a child's stress. The sample of the study included 194 mothers and their children. Mothers were in the age range of 23 to 48 years old (M = 34.91, SD = 6.52), while children were in the age range of 5 to 8 years old (M = 6.5, SD = 0.37). Additionally, 49% of the children were male and 51% were female. Data collection was conducted using a subtest of the NEPSY-II Statue, the Perceived Stress Scale for Children, and the Parenting Practices Survey. The current study found that perceived stress could decrease motor persistence, but warmth and maternal practices that demonstrate attachment and support might mitigate this negative effect. The results of the study could be applied in educational programs for parents and in the work of psychologists, teachers, and practitioners who interact with families with preschoolers.
Participation of Russian Youth in Adult Education and Learning: The Role of Perseverance (GRIT) and Educational Status
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russia, Karmaeva Natalia , Vologina Daria ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

Despite the expanding opportunities in adult education and learning (ALE) for young people, not all individuals take advantage of them. The paper aims to analyze the relationship between the educational status of young people and their parents, their perseverance (GRIT), with their participation in informal and informal ALE. We analyze whether perseverance enhances participation in ALE among young people with educational advantages. The study tends to contribute to the wider discussion on the reproduction of social structure through human capital accumulation. We analyze the data provided by the longitudinal study “Trajectories in education and profession (TROP)” using regression analysis. We found a positive relationship between an individual's level of education and perseverance (measured at the age of 14) and participation in job-relevant ALE in adulthood (23-25 years old), and a positive relationship between mothers’ higher education and participation in ALE, not relevant to the job. The hypotheses about the significant role of perseverance in further accumulation of educational advantages is partially confirmed: perseverance enhances the positive effect of higher mother’s education, in participation in work-related informal learning. The results can be used in the development of activities aimed at increasing the involvement of young people in ALE.
Exploring Social Perceptions of Friendship: An Intergenerational Perspective
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Tekucheva Alisa , Kandaurova Anna ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2025

This study presents a qualitative analysis of the concept of “friendship” as perceived by respondents aged from 6 to 64 years. The research aims to examine age-related characteristics in people's understanding of friendship. The age groups for the study were determined based on Erik Erikson's widely recognized developmental stages classification. The study analyzed associative patterns across four age groups: school-age children (6-12 years), adolescents and teenagers (13-19 years), young adults (20-25 years), and middle-aged adults (26-64 years). The sample consisted of 259 participants. Data was collected through a free association experiment and processed using P. Verges's prototypical analysis technique. To investigate the factors influencing the formation and development of friendship concepts, we conducted a qualitative analysis of essays titled “How did my understanding of friendship develop?”. For school-age children (6-12 years), unstructured interviews were employed. The findings confirmed our hypothesis that while perceptions of friendship depend on an individual's social and life experiences, the core understanding remains relatively stable throughout life. Questions remain regarding how external socialization factors and changing social and cultural dynamics influence friendship perceptions. Furthermore, the results revealed significant semantic variations not only across age groups but also across cultural and educational backgrounds. The issue of how parents view this topic's relevance and its importance in family upbringing has not been specifically addressed in psychological and pedagogical research. Future studies examining this topic within the context of family values and parenting approaches would be valuable.
Educational Video Blogging: Search for Meanings and Conceptualization of Concepts
Authors:   Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia, Filipova Alexandra , Malakhova Varvara ,   Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: January 2025

The relevance of the study of educational video blogging is determined by the rapid spread of online learning technologies. Video blogs are embedded in online courses or are an independent educational product in the form of a teacher's channel filming videos on their subject, helping in self-study, building individual educational routes.
The purpose of the article is to study the conceptual foundations and meanings in the subject field of educational video blogging. The objectives of the study involve highlighting the advantages and limitations of using video blogs based on the analysis of English language publications.
Search queries in leading databases made it possible to form an array of publications. Familiarization with the content of articles and / or their annotations filled three approaches to interpretations with meaning - video blogging as an educational technology, as a means of communication, and as a way to promote the image of a teacher.
The results of the article were the allocation of an additional meaning of educational blogging as a tool for reflection of students and teachers, as well as an emphasis on the professional identity of teachers who blog. Educational blogging goes beyond formal education both in content and in the formats of presentation of material. Experiments in this area demonstrate the possibilities for cognitive development of students, implementation of information and communication tasks, as well as a motivational effect.
Different types of educational video blogs are considered as tools for organizing training and self-study. Video blogs as a means of self-presentation are transformed into a tool for self-reflection of the teacher and the student. Video blogging as a way to promote the image of a teacher is transformed in the direction of developing a professional community, forming digital literacy and digital identity.
Implicative Negatively Partially Ordered Ternary Semigroups
Authors: Nakwan Kansada , Luangchaisri Panuwat , Changphas Thawhat
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we introduce and examine the notion of implicative negatively partially ordered ternary semigroups, for short implicative n.p.o. ternary semigroup, which include an element that serves as both the greatest element and the multiplicative identity. We study the notion of implicative homomorphisms between these ternary semigroups, and have that any implicativehomomorphism is a homomorphism. Let φ : T1→T2 be an implicative homomorphism from a commutative implicative n.p.o. ternary semigroup T1 onto T2. We construct a quotient commutative implicative n.p.o. ternary semigroup T1/ρKer φ, where ρKer φ is a congruence relation defined by Ker φ. We prove that there exists an implicative homomorphism ψ such that ψ ◦ η = φ, where η is a canonical homomorphism from T1 onto T1/ρKerφ.
Sosialisasi Praktik Dasar Design Grafis dengan mengggunakan CorelDraw Kepada Dosen Universitas Malikussaleh
Authors: Rianti S Nova , Agustinar Agustinar , Jannah Miftahul , Ramazalena Rauzi , Agustinawati Agustinawati , Yulis Sari , Hasyyati Zata
Published: January 2025

Sosialisasi praktik dasar desain grafis dengan menggunakan aplikasi CorelDraw menjadi salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan keterampilan visual para dosen Universitas Malikussaleh dalam mendukung efektivitas penyampaian materi pembelajaran. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan membekali dosen dengan kemampuan dasar desain grafis, yang diharapkan dapat menunjang penyajian materi secara lebih menarik dan profesional. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi dan praktik langsung, di mana peserta diperkenalkan pada antarmuka dan fitur dasar CorelDraw, seperti pengaturan layout, pembuatan objek, serta manipulasi warna dan teks. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta mampu memahami konsep dasar serta menggunakan fitur-fitur dasar dalam CorelDraw untuk mendesain media pembelajaran secara mandiri. Selain itu, respon peserta menunjukkan adanya antusiasme dan keinginan untuk lebih mendalami penggunaan desain grafis dalam aktivitas akademik. Dengan meningkatnya pemahaman dan keterampilan ini, diharapkan dosen dapat mengimplementasikan desain grafis dalam materi ajar mereka, sehingga menciptakan suasana belajar yang lebih interaktif dan efektif bagi mahasiswa.
Implementasi Pelatihan Mendeley sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Karya Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Malikussaleh
Authors: Ramazalena Rauzi , Rianti S Nova , Jannah Miftahul , Agustinar Agustinar , Agustinawati Agustinawati , Hasyyati Zata
Published: January 2025

Penulisan karya ilmiah yang berkualitas merupakan salah satu kompetensi penting yang harus dimiliki oleh mahasiswa untuk menunjang prestasi akademik dan profesional di masa depan. Salah satu tantangan utama dalam penulisan karya ilmiah adalah pengelolaan referensi dan sitasi yang sesuai dengan standar akademik. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, telah dilaksanakan program pelatihan Mendeley kepada mahasiswa Universitas Malikussaleh sebagai upaya meningkatkan keterampilan manajemen referensi dan kualitas karya ilmiah. Pelatihan ini mencakup pengenalan fungsi dan fitur Mendeley, instalasi perangkat lunak, pengelolaan pustaka digital, pembuatan sitasi otomatis, hingga penerapan format referensi sesuai gaya tertentu (seperti APA, MLA, dan lain-lain). Pelatihan dilaksanakan selama 2 hari yaitu selasa, 8 oktober 2024 dan selasa, 15 oktober 2024 Metode pelatihan yang digunakan meliputi ceramah interaktif, demonstrasi langsung, dan praktik mandiri dengan Hasil pelatihan dibedakan menjadi 2 parameter yaitu parameter pre-test dan post-test. Pada aspek pre-test banyak mahasiswa yang belum memiliki aplikasi Mendeley dan tidak bisa menjalankan aplikasi Mendeley. Hasil post-test, setelah mengikuti pelatihan mahasiswa mampu dan dapat mengimplementasikan dalam penyusunan karya ilmiah berbasis Mendeley. Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi langkah awal dalam membangun budaya akademik yang lebih kuat di Universitas Malikussaleh.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UK’S 1998 EU PRESIDENCY DURING TONY BLAIR’S PERIOD
Authors: P. S. Balasubramanya
Published: January 2025

This paper mainly analyses UK’s 1998 EU Presidency during Tony Blair’s period. Tony Blair came to power in the UK after the 1997 UK General election. Before the election, the Labour Party introduced the pro-European policy strategy goals in its 1997 UK general election manifesto. This was wholeheartedly supported by the UK people in the 1997 general election and the Labour Party won the election by a huge majority of votes in its Labour party history. This election gave a new direction to the UK’s EU policy. Under Tony Blair’s premiership, the Labour government’s 1998 EU presidency was considered an important step in EU-UK relations. The agenda of the 1998 UK presidency of the EU was different from the agenda of the 1992 UK presidency. During John Major’s government’s 1992 EU presidency, the major challenges before them were financial issues, the negotiation of the Danish opt-outs and other issues. But Major’s government somehow succeeded in settling all these issues. But, its achievements during the 1992 EU presidency were insignificant when compared to Tony Blair’s New Labour government’s 1998 EU presidency. Against this backdrop, the study of the 1998 UK EU presidency plays an important role in better understanding the EU-UK relations during Tony Blair’s period.
AN ASSESSMENT OF UNITED KINGDOM’S MEMBERSHIP TO EUROPEAN UNION DURING BREXIT PERIOD
Authors: P. S. Balasubramanya
Published: January 2025

This paper mainly explains about United Kingdom's membership to European Union during Brexit period. Regarding United Kingdom's membership to European Union, many studies had conducted in different parts of the World. But all these studies give a partial or one-sided views about United Kingdom's membership to European Union. There were different approaches had developed to understand the complete picture of the European Union’s origin, development and United Kingdom's membership. The study analyzes the reasons and the cause for United Kingdom's membership to the European Union during Brexit period. The whole study can be broadly divided into three stages. In the first stage, the study includes the basic ideas, theories and different models to know about the reasons behind the European Union’s formation. In the Second stage, the study includes the influence of European political, economic, social conditions after the Second World War in forming the European Union. In the third stage, the study involves the reasons behind United Kingdom's membership to European Union during Brexit period.
A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF TONY BLAIR’S LABOUR GOVERNMENT’S POLICIES TOWARDS EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: P. S. Balasubramanya
Published: January 2025

This paper mainly explains the United Kingdom and European Union relations during Tony Blair’s period. After UK’s membership to the EU in 1973, it had not actively engaged in the European Union’s policy initiatives and implementation process.  From 1973 to 1996, the successive UK Prime Ministers followed a negative and sceptical attitude towards various EU policy initiatives and none of the UK Prime Ministers showed any special interest in improving its relations with the EU. At this juncture, Tony Blair’s Labour government made a huge difference in the European Union and United Kingdom’s relationship. In this context, the study of Tony Blair’s New Labour government’s policies and perspectives towards the European Union gives a better understanding of the United Kingdom and European Union’s relations during that period.
THE INTERSECTION OF ECO-FEMINISM AND MARGINALIZED FANTASY CHARACTER OPAL: EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE AND GENDER IN ADITI AND THE THAMES DRAGON BY SUNITI NAMJOSHI
Authors: Jain Priyanka
Published: January 2025

Eco-feminism is combination of feminism and ecology with the connection of patriarchal domination, exploitation and fear. The term was coined by the French writer Françoise d'Eaubonne in her book, Le Féminisme ou la Mort (1974). This paper explores the intersection of ecofeminism and marginalized fantasy characters through the lens of Aditi and the Thames Dragon, a fantasy narrative that integrates environmental justice with gendered experiences. Using eco-feminist theory as a framework, this research investigates how Opal, a marginalized female character, engages with both environmental and social justice themes in a fantastical world. The paper argues that Aditi and the Thames Dragon not only presents a story of environmental conflict but also utilizes marginalized characters to challenge patriarchal and ecological domination. By examining the interplay between Opal’s journey and eco-feminist principles, this study uncovers the transformative potential of marginalized fantasy characters in advocating for environmental sustainability, gender equality and social awareness.
INFLUENCE OF FIRM AND MARKET CHARACTERISTICS ON EXPORT PROFIT OF AUTO COMPONENT INDUSTRY
Authors: V Kavitha
Published: January 2025

Exports contribute to the economic development of a country and provide a competitive edge for business organizations in the global market in earning foreign exchange. For the development of a nation, increasing export sales volume is important as it reduces the international trade gap and enhances employment and production and also facilitates the overall development of the country. The main objectives of the study are to find out the influence of firm characteristics and marketing characteristics on export profit in the auto component industry. The target respondents for the survey were the managers who have occupied the positions of export in-charge, export manager, or vice president of marketing. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire was issued to fill the data. The interaction was made with senior-level people who have knowledge about export operations. This survey was implemented by personal visits to auto component manufacturing firms. The total number of auto component companies operating in India is 647, with these firms being members of ACMA (Automotive Component Manufacturers Association of India). Of these companies, 146 auto component companies are located in South India, of which 119 companies are component-exporting companies and are actively involved in both export and domestic business out of which, 92 companies have responded. Linear regression was used as a statistical tool for the analysis purpose. The results found that firm age, firm’s export experience, firm’s total employees, number of innovations, number of employees deputed for export, export sales, share of outsource in export orders, number of quality certifications, number of foreign customers, and firm’s total sales have found significant influence on export profit of auto component manufacturers in South India.
REPRESENTATION AND RESISTANCE THROUGH DIGITAL MEDIA IN MUSLIM GIRL: A COMING OF AGE
Authors: Mansoor Shaista
Published: January 2025

Amani Al-Khatahtbeh is a young American author and activist. She was born in a Middle Eastern immigrant family in 1992 in the U.S. Her father is of Jordanian descent, while her mother is Palestinian. Al-Khatahtbeh rose to prominence as the founder of MuslimGirl.com, a ground breaking digital platform dedicated to amplifying the voices of Muslim women and challenging their misrepresentation in mainstream media. This initiative earned her a place on the prestigious Forbes 30 Under 30 in Media list in 2016. Muslim Girl: A Coming of Age is her first book which was published in 2016. It was written in the form of a memoir, where Al-Khatahtbeh writes about her experience of living in America after the infamous attacks of September 11, 2001. In this paper, an attempt has been made to trace how the Islamophobic attitude, in the Western world, affects the identity of the author of this memoir. It also presents an overview of the issues faced by the first-generation Muslim immigrants. The paper deals with various other aspects which lead to the hybrid identity of the author and how she creates an online / digital space to deal with the identity crisis.
CDH1 methylation and expression of E-cadherin and other markers in breast cancer
Authors: Queiroz Luiz Fernando de , Silva Marcelo Soares da Mota e , Rosman Fernando Colonna , Rosas Siane Lopes Bittencourt , Souza Heitor Siffert Pereira de , Carvalho Maria da Glória da Costa
Published: January 2025

Introduction: E-cadherin, encoded by the CDH1 gene, is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, and the methylation of CDH1 can prevent the protein expression favoring tumor invasion. This study investigated the methylation of CDH1 in the DNA extracted from tumor and non-tumor tissues of breast cancer patients. In addition, the expression of E-cadherin, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and the marker of proliferation Ki-67 (Ki-67) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Methods: Samples of tumor and non-tumor breast tissues were collected from 15 women diagnosed with breast carcinoma at the time of mastectomy to analyze CDH1 methylation. The DNA was extracted, modified by the sodium bisulfite method, and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of E-cadherin, HER-2, ER, PR, and Ki-67 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: All the 15 patients had CDH1 methylation in the tumor tissue, and nine had CDH1 methylation in the non-tumor breast tissue. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that one patient had E-cadherin expression, three had HER-2, five had ER, six had PR, and nine had Ki-67. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CDH1 gene methylation prevented E-cadherin expression in breast tumors once only one of the nine patients tested by immunohistochemical analysis showed the protein. The methylation of CDH1 in non-tumor breast tissues observed in nine patients may suggest the presence of infiltrating neoplastic cells or non-neoplastic genetically transformed cells.
Etika Pendidikan Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an Dan Hadits: Landasan Moral Bagi Pendidik
Authors: Nurzam Muhammad Zaki , Maujud Fathul
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini sangat penting mengingat peran pendidikan dalam membentuk karakter dan moral generasi masa depan, yang saat ini dihadapkan pada tantangan zaman yang semakin kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an dan Hadits yang berkaitan dengan etika pendidikan serta menganalisis penerapan prinsip-prinsip etika pendidikan Islam dalam sistem pendidikan modern. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode library research, yang memanfaatkan literatur primer berupa Al-Qur'an dan kitab Hadits, serta referensi sekunder seperti buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan artikel yang diterbitkan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi nilai-nilai etika yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur'an dan Hadits sangat penting dalam membentuk karakter dan moral peserta didik. Prinsip-prinsip etika ini berfungsi sebagai landasan moral dalam menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang kondusif, di tengah tantangan zaman yang semakin kompleks. Implementasi prinsip-prinsip tersebut diharapkan dapat membantu membangun siswa yang tidak hanya cerdas secara akademik, tetapi juga memiliki karakter yang baik dan tanggung jawab sosial.
Pattern of skin diseases in patients attending pediatric outdoor patient of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Authors: Sohail Shahzad  , Roman Baber  , Aamir Habib  , Huzaifa Usman  , Sohail Aslam  , Naila Hamid  , Mohsin Raza  , Naeem Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine the pattern of skin diseases among patients visiting the Pediatric outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Outpatient, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Period: August 2023 to February 2024. Methods: Children up to age of 12 years, attending the outpatient department for skin disorders were included in the study. Consultants with Postgraduate qualifications in Pediatrics made the diagnosis & consultations from Dermatology department were also obtained. Results: A total of 300 patients were included in the study, consisting of 60% males and 40% females, with a mean age of 2.29 years (± 1.19 years). The age group distribution indicated that 34% of participants (n=102) were under 1 year of age, while 27.3% (n=82) were between the ages of 6 to 10 years. Infectious diseases and infestations were the most prevalent skin conditions, affecting 66.36% of participants. This was followed by eczema (n=46,15.33%), hypersensitivity (n=22,7.33%), and disorders of sweat and sebaceous glands (n=23,7.66). Among the infections, bacterial infections were the most common (23%), followed by fungal infections (18.33%) and viral infections (6.3%). Conclusion: Infections and infestations together constituted 66.36% of the cases. Bacterial infections, along with scabies and fungal infections were the most common disorders observed followed by eczematous disorders. Education regarding good hygiene and proper care can eventually help.
A comparative study of efficacy and safety of combination of Indacaterol and Tiotropium versus Conventional Combination Formoterol Budesonide & Tiotropium in moderate to severe COPD.
Authors: Saif ur Rahman  , Rubina Aman  , Malik Istikhar Ali Sajjad  , Usman Khalid  , Muhammad Naveed Abbas
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of indacaterol with tiotropium versus conventional formoterol/budesonide with tiotropium combination in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Pulmonology, PIMS Hospital, Islamabad. Period: January to August 2019. Methods: This study has recruited 88 patients between the ages of 40 – 70 years with complaints of moderate to severe degrees of COPD. The population was randomized and divided into two groups. Group A patients were instructed to use indacaterol 150mcg and tiotropium 18mcg DPI once a day and Group B patients were instructed to use formoterol/budesonide (12/400) DPI twice daily along with tiotropium 18mcg DPI once daily. Patients were followed up for improvement in FEV 1 with spirometry at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The efficacy of both treatments was ascertained by estimating percentage improvement in FEV1 from baseline at 4 and 8 weeks and compared in both groups. Results: In total, there were 88 participants divided into two equal groups. At 4 weeks after the initiation of therapy, the mean FEV1 in group A was 1.98 L ± 0.52 SD and it was 1.89 L ± 0.53 SD in group B (p=0.429). At 8 weeks after the initiation of therapy, the mean FEV1 in group A was 2.01 L ± 0.53 SD and it was 1.91 L ± 0.52 SD in group B (p=0.419). Among the age group 40- 55 years, at 4 weeks, the percentage improvement in FEV 1 from baseline was 16.65% ± 7.62 SD in group A and it was 6.04% ± 3.57 SD in group B (P=0.001). At 8 weeks, the percentage improvement in FEV 1 from baseline was 18.12% ± 7.56 SD in group A and it was 7.56% ± 3.47 SD in group B (P=0.001). Among the age group 56-70 years, at 4 weeks, the percentage improvement in FEV 1 from baseline was 15.56% ± 7.19 SD in group A and it was 7.25% ± 3.08 SD in group B (P=0.001). At 8 weeks, the percentage improvement in FEV 1 from baseline was 17.21% 7.13 SD in group A and it was 8.78% ± 3.17 SD in group B (P=0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that the fixed dosage of indacaterol and tiotropium has provided a better prognosis in increasing FEV1 and improving lung function.
The 30 days readmission among patients with upper GI bleeding and its causative factors: An experience of tertiary care hospital in Karachi.
Authors: Narjis Raza  , Mansoor ul Haq  , Adeel Rahat
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine frequency and factors causing 30 days readmission rate among patients of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Prospective Cohort study. Setting: Department of Gastroenterology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: July 2023 to June 2024. Methods: A total of 192 patients of either gender, aged 18 years or above, and admitted in hospital with UGIB were analyzed. Patients demographic, clinical and laboratory data were gathered. The final study outcome variable was 30 days all cause readmission. Data was entered in SPSS version 26 to perform statistical analysis. Results: Total 192 patients were studied mean age of 54.9 ± 13.2 years. Most of patients were males (80%). Presenting symptoms included melena (39.4%), hematemesis (47.4%) and drowsiness (5.7%), vomiting (4.2%), fever (2.1%) and SOB (2.1%). Readmission rate was 20.8%. Causes of readmission are rebleeding (80%), infection (2.6%) and electrolyte imbalance (1.6%). Increasing sodium levels were also associated with lower readmission risk. Increasing INR was associated with increasing readmission risk. Conclusion: This study concludes that 30 days readmission rate among UGIB patients is noticeably high. Rebleeding, infections, and electrolyte imbalance were the most common factors behind readmission among UGIB patients.
Optimizing patients’ outcomes: A comparative study of angiography and angioplasty procedures.
Authors: Shams ul Islam  , Faiz Ullah  , Abdullah  , Sajjad Khan  , Fazal Amin  , Abdul Salar Khan
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare angiography and angioplasty, assess how they affect patient outcomes, and pinpoint variables that could maximize each procedure. Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study. Setting: Afridi Medical Complex (AMC). Period: Jan. 2021 to Jan 2022. Methods: Comparing the outcomes of patients who underwent coronary angiography and those who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), commonly referred to as angioplasty. Patients included adult patients aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with CAD and underwent either coronary angiography or angioplasty procedures. Those with incomplete medical records, emergency revascularization, and concomitant procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were excluded. Results: A total of 150 patients were included in this study, with a mean age of participants (57 ± 15.345), male predominance 67% compared to females 33%. Of the total population, 19.3% presented with dyslipidemia. Comparative analysis of angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures reveals notable differences in outcomes and complications. Cardiogenic shock was significantly more frequent in the PCI group 3.5% compared to the angiography group 2%, with a p-value of 0.04 indicating statistical significance. Conclusion: In conclusion, while angioplasty offers significant advantages in terms of symptom relief and functional outcomes, the role of angiography in diagnostic precision cannot be understated. Both procedures have distinct benefits and risks, and their use should be tailored to individual patient needs.
Correlation between grade of the tumour and HER2NEU status in breast cancer.
Authors: Faiza Mahar  , Ghulam Haider  , Priyanka  , Saima Zahoor
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate the distribution of histological grades of breast cancer and its association with HER2/neu expression. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Period: March 2024 to August 2024. Setting: Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: Patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma, with complete records for molecular subtype and hormone receptor status, and no history of recurrent, metastatic, or multiple cancers. Exclusion criteria were patients who refused participation, had benign lesions, or received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to presentation, were analyzed. Demographics, tumor site, histological grade, stage at diagnosis, and hormone profile of the patients were documented using a structured questionnaire. Results: In a total of 286 patients, 233 (81.5%) were over 40 years old, while 164 (57.3%) were overweight or obese. There were 257 (89.9%) patients who belonged rural areas of residence. The family history of breast cancer was noted among 42 (14.7%) women. A significant percentage of participants were HER2/neu positive, with expression varying across different tumor grades. Almost all patients with Grade I, Grade III, and Grade IV tumors were HER2/neu positive (100%, 99%, and 100%, respectively), while a slightly lower percentage was observed in Grade II tumors (95.9%). Conclusion: The nearly ubiquitous HER2/neu positivity observed across most tumor grades, with only a slight reduction in Grade II tumors, underscores the high prevalence of HER2/neu expression in this population. Routine HER2/neu testing in Pakistani breast cancer patients seems important, irrespective of tumor grade, for prognosis and treatment decisions.
La biofortificación con nanopartículas de cobre mejora el rendimiento y compuestos bioactivos en frutos de melón
Authors: Buendía-García Alain , Ramírez-Gottfried Ricardo I. , Paredes-Jácome José R. , Guillén-Enríquez Reyna R. , Márquez-Guerrero Selene Y. , Preciado-Rangel Pablo
Published: January 2025

El uso de la nanotecnología permite mayor sustentabilidad en los sistemas agrícolas al reducir el impacto ambiental por el uso de los agroquímicos. Entre los principales nanoproductos, las nanopartículas metálicas (NPs) se han utilizado para mejorar el rendimiento y modular los compuestos bioactivos en los cultivos. El presente estudio fue realizado durante el ciclo primavera verano de 2022, teniendo como objetivo evaluar la aspersión foliar de cinco dosis crecientes de nanopartículas de cobre (NPs CuO): 150, 200, 250, 300 y 350 mg L-1 y un tratamiento testigo en el cultivo de melón. Durante la cosecha de determinó el rendimiento, calidad nutracéutica, actividad enzimática y su bioacumulación en frutos de melón. La aplicación foliar de NPs CuO indujo un aumento en el rendimiento y en la biosíntesis de compuestos bioactivos, así como su bioacumulación en la pulpa; sin embargo, dosis altas causan el efecto contrario debido a su acumulación. Las respuestas del cultivo de melón a las NPs CuO dependen de la dosis utilizada ya que pueden inducir efectos benéficos o negativos por lo que es necesario seguir realizando investigaciones al respecto.