bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Scientometric Analysis of African Researchers’ Contributions to AGU Journals in Solid Earth, Biogeochemical, Planetary and Space Sciences
Authors: ADEBESIN Babatunde Olufemi , RABIU Babatunde , FALAYI Elijah O.
Published: December 2024

Publication is a major means of communicating scientific results by researchers to share their discoveries to a wider audience, thus facilitating the advancement of knowledge. The American Geophysical Union (AGU) hosted over 24 journals in the fields of Solid Earth, Biogeochemical, Planetary and Space Sciences. While there are contributors to these journals across various continents, this work analyses quantitatively, the contributions of African-affiliated researchers to AGU-journals. Data for 19 AGU-Journals from the SCOPUS database covering 5 years (2019–2023) were used. Results revealed that African-affiliated researchers contribute only 1.6% of the total AGU world Publication output during the study period. Of the total involvement from Africa, South-Africa, Nigeria and Ethiopia/Egypt leads with 27%, 13%, and 8% contributions respectively. GeoHealth recorded the highest (12.2%) publication rate, followed by Radio Science (6.1%) and then Space Weather (5.5%). The lowest was presented by JGR-Planet (0.5%). Only 9 of the 54 African countries accounted for Publication outputs ≥ 5 between 2019–2023, representing 67% of the African output. Both South-Africa and Nigeria cumulatively contributes 40% of the total publication volume from African authors. Authors from one-third of the countries have no single publication with AGU. Regionally, Southern Africa authors led with 29%, closely followed by Western Africa (27%) and Eastern Africa (24%). Statistically, publication output from African authors is not influenced by Journal percentile score and open access amongst others. Comparing with publication percentage-rates from few non-AGU Journals, we suggested that the current results cannot be generalized for all Journals contributed to by African-affiliated authors.
Comprehensive Cardiometabolic Rehabilitation Program for Childhood Obesity
Authors: Concha Nicole González , Fuentes Litsbett Velásquez , Pereira Denys Urrea , Olivares Jorge Díaz , Berríos-Arvey Hugo
Published: December 2024

Obesity is a public health problem in Chile, with 31% of adults and 54% of children affected. Current public policies present gaps in prevention with 44% of obese children. In Penco-Lirquén, a comprehensive and personalized Pediatric Cardiometabolic Rehabilitation program is proposed.
Objective: To analyze the efficiency of the program.
Method: Characterization of supply and demand, together with a technical-financial study to determine viability and cost-effectiveness.
Results: The economic viability with a positive NPV and an IRR of 13% estimates that the interventions could be 49% cheaper than the current strategy and improve the Human Development Index by 0.585%.
Conclusion: The implementation of the program is proposed as a cost-effective strategy, promoting healthy habits and optimizing health resources. The prevention and treatment of obesity must be prioritized globally to protect the health of future generations and reduce costs.
Prioritization Suitable Hydropower Potential Sites Along the Furfuro River, Ethiopia
Authors: Genet Amsayaw
Published: December 2024

Energy access is a critical factor for economic development and social progress, particularly in rural areas of developing countries like Ethiopia. This study aims to identify and prioritize suitable hydropower sites along the Furfuro River using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method. Five key criteria were considered: power, discharge, head, accessibility, and distance. To evaluate the relative significance of these factors, a pairwise comparison matrix was created. Normalization and critical weight calculation were performed to determine the weight of each criterion. The consistency of the pairwise comparison matrix was evaluated using the consistency ratio (CR), which was found to be acceptable. The site with the highest suitability index was ranked the most suitable for hydropower development. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for decision-makers in prioritizing hydropower development in the region, reducing reliance on traditional, harmful energy sources, and improving the quality of life for local communities along the Furfuro River. By considering multiple factors and employing the Analytic Hierarchy Process, this research contributes to sustainable energy planning and resource management.
Navigieren im Fluss sich wandelnder Technologien
Authors: Raudonat Kerstin , Mayweg Elisabeth
Published: December 2024

Digitalisierung ist geprägt von algorithmischen Strukturen, in deren Rahmen sich beständig diversifizierende KI-Technologien eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Inwiefern ist – unter der Prämisse der Postdigitalität – ein selbstbestimmter und angemessener Umgang mit entsprechenden Systemen im Fluss sich wandelnder Technologien möglich? Relevante Kompetenzen sind im Kontext schneller und vielfältiger technologischer Entwicklungen insbesondere auf der Ebene von Metakompetenzen zu denken. Zugleich sind in diese technisch bedingten Strukturen bestehende soziale Ungleichheiten und Barrieren für die Handlungsfähigkeit Einzelner eingeschrieben. Diese werfen Fragen im Hinblick auf die Gestaltung von Bildungsprozessen sowie auf die Entwürfe zukünftiger Systeme auf. Vor diesem Hintergrund diskutieren wir Metakompetenzen in zwei Teilbereichen der Digitalisierung: (1) beim Lehren und Lernen des Umgangs mit KI-Technologien am Beispiel von ChatGPT sowie (2) aufseiten der informatorischen Technikentwickler:innen.
La qualité de victime en matière climatique selon la CourEDH
Authors: Bernard Frédéric , Da Rugna Antoine
Published: December 2024

Après plusieurs années de procédure, la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme a rendu le 9 avril 2024 dans l'affaire Verein KlimaSeniorinnen et autres c. Suisse l'un des arrêts les plus attendus des dernières décennies. Cet arrêt a été très commenté dans la presse suisse et internationale, avec des opinions couvrant un large spectre allant de la louange de son caractère novateur à son rejet total au motif qu'il représenterait un danger pour la démocratie. Ce premier commentaire s'intéresse aux aspects procéduraux de l'arrêt, plus particulièrement aux développements consacrés par la Cour à la qualité de victime des requérantes. Il propose aussi une réflexion sur la potentielle émergence d'une forme d'actio popularis climatis et ses implications pour la jurisprudence future. Enfin, la contribution revient sur certaines pistes pour la mise en œuvre de l'arrêt en procédure administrative suisse.
--
Nach einem mehrjährigen Verfahren fällte der Europäische Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte am 9. April 2024 im Fall Verein KlimaSeniorinnen et al. gegen die Schweiz eines der am meisten erwarteten Urteile der letzten Jahrzehnte. Das Urteil wurde in der schweizerischen und internationalen Presse ausführlich kommentiert, wobei die Meinungen ein breites Spektrum abdecken. Dieses reicht von Lob für seinen innovativen Charakter bis hin zu seiner vollständigen Ablehnung mit der Begründung, es stelle eine Gefahr für die Demokratie dar. Dieser erste von drei Beiträgen befasst sich mit den verfahrensrechtlichen Aspekten des Urteils, insbesondere mit den Überlegungen des Gerichtshofs zur Beschwerdelegitimation der Klägerinnen. Daneben wird über die mögliche Entstehung einer Form der Klima-Popularklage und ihre Auswirkungen auf die künftige Rechtsprechung reflektiert. Schliesslich werden im Beitrag einige Ansätze zur Umsetzung des Urteils im schweizerischen Verwaltungsverfahren aufgezeigt.
ДИСКУРСНАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ СОВРЕМЕННОГОИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО РЕКОНСТРУКТОРА (на материале медиевальных клубов исторической реконструкции)
Authors: Клюев А.И. , Свешников А.В.
Published: December 2024

Одной из специфических форм «работы с прошлым», характерной для современной культуры и являющейся, помимо всего прочего, результатом причудливого взаимодействия профессионального исторического с непрофессиональными постмодернистскими способами, является т.н. движение исторической реконструкции. Появившись в России в конце 1980-х гг. в результате трансфера из западной массовой культуры эта форма «работы с прошлым» получила и получает все большее распространение. В статье анализируются основные формы деятельности медиевальных клубов исторической реконструкции, а также культурный механизм формирования социальной идентичности современного российского реконструктора.

One of the specific forms of "working with the past", typical for contemporary culture, as a result of the bizarre interaction of professional historical with non-professional postmodernist methods, is the so-called historical re-enactment movement. It emerged in Russia in the late 1980s as a result of a transfer from Western mass culture, this form of "work with the past" is gaining popularity. The article analyzes the main forms of activity of modern medieval clubs of historical re-enactment, as well as the cultural mechanism for the formation of the social identity of the modern Russian re-enactor.
НЕМНОГО О «ЕЖАХ» И «ЛИСАХ», ИЛИОТКУДА ВОЗМУТСЯ «БРОНЕНОСЦЫ»?(Заметки о «новой культурной истории Просвещения»)
Authors: Занин С.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается вклад «новой культурной истории» в историографию Просвещения второй половины ХХ в. Подчеркивается, что появление данного направления стало ответом на расширение и усложнение информации о Просвещении за последние 30 лет. Вместе с тем, в этом направлении выявлены недостатки: методо-логический эклектизм, отрицание предшествовавшей историографической традиции, взгляд на культуру как на совокупность культурных объектов. По мнению автора, дальнейшее развитие историографии Просвещения возможно на путях совершенствования методологии в рамках конкретных исторических исследований.

The contribution of the "new cultural history" to the historiography of the Enlightenment of the second half of the 20th century is considered in the article. The article emphasizes the emergence of the "new cultural history" as a response to the expansion and complication of information about the Enlightenment over the past 30 years. Despite the positive contribution of this new approach the paper reveals shortcomings: methodological eclecticism, denial of the preceding historiographical tradition and, at the same time, a vision of culture as a totality of cultural objects. According to the author, the further development of Enlightenment historiography is possible by improving the methodology in the context of specific historical studies.
CLARIFICATION OF THE MEANING AND CONTENTOF A FRAGMENT “ON INTOXICATION”ATTRIBUTED TO ARISTOTLE THROUGH MACROBIUS’ “SATURNALIA”
Authors: Petrova M.S.
Published: December 2024

The paper examines a reconstructed fragment by Plutarch (Quaest. conv. III, 3,1 [650af]) and Athenaeus (Deipn. X, 34 [429cd]) from the lost treatise “On intoxication” (probably, “Symposium, or On intoxication”) attributed to Aristotle. The corresponding discussion by Macrobius (Sat. VII, 6, 15-21) is used. The comparative analysis of the texts by Plutarch, Athenaeus and Macrobius is carried out; the similarities and differences between them are demonstrated. It is proposed to use Macrobius’ text to clarify the meaning of the lost fragment and to reconstruct the views on the nature and effects of intoxication contemporary to Aristotle.

В работе обсуждается реконструированный по Плутарху (Quaest. conv. III, 3, 1 [650af]) и Афинею (Deipn. X, 34 [429cd]) фрагмент (fr. 6 / 99 Heitz; fr. 109 Rose; fr. 8-9 Ross) приписываемого Аристотелю и не дошедшего до нас сочинения «Об опьянении» (возможно, «Пир, или Об опьянении»), в котором шла речь об употреблении вина и его воздействия на человека в зависимости от пола и возраста. Отмечено, что применительно к этому месту одним из ранних издателей (Heitz [1869], p. 66) уже было обращено внимание на Макробия (Sat. VII, 6, 15-16), что не было принято последующими исследователями текстов Аристотеля. Проводится сравнительный анализ текстов Плутарха, Афинея и Макробия; анализируются их сходства и отличия. Предлагается использовать дальнейшее изложение Макробия (Sat. VII, 6, 17-21) для лучшего понимания содержания рассматриваемого фрагмента и реконструкции современных Аристотелю представлений о природе и механизме опьянения.
ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ ПОЛИТИКИ УМИРОТВОРЕНИЯВ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ БРИТАНСКОЙ ИСТОРИОГРАФИИ
Authors: Коробицына Л.В.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена особенностям интерпретации политики умиротворения 1930-х гг. в современной британской исторической науке. Автор делает вывод, что британская историография отходит от апологетики и критики умиротворителей в сторону изучения таких проблем, как передача и трансформация исторической памяти, поиск консенсуса между разными национальными традициями трактовки предвоенных лет и внедрение междисциплинарных методов исторического исследования.

This article is focused on the peculiarities of interpretations of the appeasement policy 1930s in the contemporary British historical science. It is for the first time in Russian historiography when author analyses a number of the most recent English historical studies devoted to the international policy of London in 1930s. The author came to the conclusion that there is a tendency to move from criticism and apology of appeasers’ policy to the studies of the problems of historical memory, transformation and searching for consensus between different national historiographical traditions and using new interdisciplinary methods.
Observação de aves em parques urbanos de Belém, Pará, Amazônia
Authors: MENDES Fabrício Lemos de Siqueira , CUNHA Leise Mauricia Nascimento , PINHEIRO Beatriz Tavares , COSTA Amanda Melissa da Silva , BARBOSA Helena Doris de Almeida , SANTOS Marcos Pérsio Dantas
Published: December 2024

A observação de aves é uma atividade em todo o mundo e vários são os motivos que levam à essa prática. O projeto Observação de Aves em Parques Urbanos da Região Metropolitana de Belém (PA) busca promover a observação da avifauna amazônica, a fim de incentivar a observação de aves por alunos do ensino básico. Após uma etapa inicial de conscientização e sensibilização do público-alvo, as visitas foram agendadas e monitoradas pela equipe do projeto da Faculdade de Turismo e da Faculdade de Biologia da Universidade Federal do Para (UFPA), que, em um viés interdisciplinar, podem praticar o conhecimento acadêmico, ampliando suas perspectivas profissionais. Os resultados preliminares apontam que os alunos do ensino básico fixaram os conteúdos trabalhados durante as atividades, atestando a importância do projeto como recurso complementar aos conteúdos trabalhados na escola, incentivando a prática do turismo em parques urbanos.
A machine learning-based approach using clinopyroxene data to improve accuracy and efficiency in predicting tectonic settings: Implications for Rodinia supercontinent breakup triggered by mantle plume events
Authors: Li Hengxu , Zhang Zhaochong , Zhang Ruixuan , Reichow Marc K. , Cheng Zhiguo , Zhang Zhenjie , Santosh M.
Published: December 2024

Basalts are ubiquitous mafic rocks found within diverse tectonic settings on Earth. Despite concerted efforts to distinguish tectonic settings through the chemical compositions of basalt, some features of these rocks related to tectonic processes can be obscured by weathering and erosion over geological time, making the discrimination results ambiguous. In this study, we utilized major and trace element data of clinopyroxene in basalts from five distinct tectonic settings: continental within-plate basalts (WPB), island arc basalts (IAB), ocean island basalts (OIB), oceanic floor basalts (OFB), and continental flood basalts (CFB). Employing three machine learning techniques—Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF)—we aim to discriminate tectonic settings and magma affinities. Sparse Multinomial Regression (SMR) approach is used to quantitatively discern geochemical signatures that are distinctive of each tectonic setting. The outcomes reveal the efficacy of SVM, which attains an accuracy of 92.1% (major element-based) and 95.2% (major and trace elements-based) for tectonic discrimination. Furthermore, SVM achieves an accuracy of 92.9% (major elements-based) and 95.7% (major and trace elements-based) for magma affinity discrimination. Our study shows that the integration of electron microprobe data from clinopyroxene with machine learning techniques provides an effective approach to distinguish various tectonic settings and magma affinities. The classifier models have been applied to investigate the Neoproterozoic geodynamics of the Jiangnan Orogen. The models show the two pulses of mantle plume events (∼830 Ma and ∼785 Ma) triggering break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent.
BASIC COMPPETENCIES OF A SUCCESSFUL PERSON IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: Kutsepal Svitlana , Liubchenko Marianna
Published: December 2024

The article explores the essence and specificity of critical thinking and emotional intelligence as basic competencies of a successful person in the 21st century. The thesis is argued for the significant increase in the role of critical thinking as a tool of education and a means to counter manipulative influences and technologies, taking into account all the features and nuances of the context and leading to effective decision-making in problematic situations, thus resolving informational uncertainty. The role of emotional intelligence is revealed as a set of mental skills for understanding one’s own emotions and the emotions of others as well as using this information to achieve goals in various areas of life.
THE AMBIVALENT IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES ON HUMAN IDENTITY AND THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY
Authors: Dzoban Olexander , Mateta Oleksii , Bulich Artem
Published: December 2024

It is demonstrated that the contemporary sociocultural reality exhibits a dichotomy between the normative and the actual in addressing the issue of the security of personal privacy, the human right to privacy. Losses of private life, which are a tendency of modern social life, indicate increasingly rapid risks of alienation of privacy in social reality. It is emphasized that modern technologies can significantly violate the human right to privacy, penetrate into private spaces and individual aspects of private life, and alter the locus of privacy. It is argued that contemporary information and digital technologies, while ambivalently impacting the freedom and security of personal existence, radically narrow the boundaries of realizing the right to privacy, thereby problematizing the structures of human self-identity and generating vulnerability in personal life.
Mental Concept of Professional Identification in Youth: Part IV
Authors: P'yankova Lyudmila
Published: December 2024

The article introduces the initial psychological and economic conditions for a professional self-identification program for young people as the final component of the constructed mental concept. Interiorization is an internal mechanism and a psychological prerequisite that immanently represents the behavioral scheme of stimulus-response as an integral response in the form of cognitive, axiological, motivational, and behavioral patterns. The preference for internal or external determinants, which are assumed as stimuli, reflects the type of identification, cognitive or affective. These stimuli are in fact economic prerequisites that determine the strategies of the country’s socio-economic development. They create factors for its growth, as well as allow people to realize their intentions as homo economicus, i.e., stable full-time employment, professional skills, long-term career plans, etc. This model can be illustrated by the methods of personnel stimulation and motivation at the level of corporate culture. The proposed algorithm of mental mediation involves stage-by-stage goal-setting, stimulation (external motivations), and group mediation, where there is a gravitation towards the Western, Eastern, or mixed civilizational model, individual mediation, as well as the transfer of motivational interventions to professional groups and their effect on professional behavior. It makes it possible to reduce the resistance to polar civilizational models, i.e., individualism vs. collectivism, in order to follow the existing axiological attraction.
Neurocognitive Predictors of Academic Performance in a Residential Educational Institution
Authors: Nemolochnaya Nina
Published: December 2024

Academic success is believed to depend on one’s cognitive status. This article describes the neurocognitive predictors of academic performance in teenagers from a boarding school. The author compared neurocognitive indicators in boys and girls, as well as measured their neurodynamic and psychodynamic indicators in connection with academic performance and health status. The methods applied made it possible to evaluate cognitive properties, the lability and expression of nervous processes, the general functional state of the central nervous system, the excitation-to-inhibition ratio, etc. The functional state was assessed using a cardiorhythmographic program. Most teenagers demonstrated adaptation issues. Poor academic performance was associated with poor adaptation. High-achievers demonstrated a healthy central nervous system, a good attention span, and a stable excitation-to-inhibition ratio. These qualities provided good cognitive performance. The girls with poor academic performance showed a functional decline of the central nervous system and brain functions. In the boys, the poor brain performance was accompanied by excitation prevailing over inhibition. The status of nervous system and attention span proved to be an effective predictor of academic performance in teenagers.
Dialogic Discourse in Medical Practice: Cognitive, Verbal, and Structural Features
Authors: Kameneva Veronika , Potapova Natal'ya , Rumyanceva Aleksandra , Shot Yuliya
Published: December 2024

The article describes the cognitive and verbal features of dialogic speech produced by teenage patients operated for congenital heart defect. Doctor-patient dialogues remain linguistically understudied when it comes to pediatric patients with a history of septal congenital heart defect that required cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. The research featured 27 depersonalized dialogues between a cardiologist and a teenage patient (13–15 y.o.) 6 or 7 days after heart surgery. The objective was to describe how questions and answers structured the dialogue between the patient and the cardiologist as the latter collected direct post-surgery anamnesis. The analysis relied on the methods of discourse, structural, and syntactic analyses, which made it possible to typologize the questions and responses. The question-answer interaction proved rapid, brief, and syntactically dependent. The cardiologist directed their patient’s speech activity by employing effective questioning and guiding tactics. Practically all lines were semantically, structurally, and communicatively interrelated. One-word responses and communication failures were probably associated with the teenage psychology and/or recovery status.
Engaging Students from Different Regions of the Russian Federation in Volunteering Activities
Authors: Kartavtseva Antonina , Grigor'eva Natal'ya , Zyabreva Svetlana , Pogromskaya Anna
Published: December 2024

Volunteering activities are a tool of moral upbringing that may help to develop fundamental values in young people. University students are a social stratum at the stage of active life and professional self-identification. Volunteering activities develop positive attitude in resisting the destructive influence of various socio-economic and political conditions. The article describes the educational potential of volunteering and charity work as a tool of moral development in university students. It identifies the concepts of volunteering activity and educational opportunities of volunteering, as well as describes the history of charity and volunteerism in Russia. The authors systematized modern volunteering activities depending on the educational, cultural, and innovative potential, motivation being the key resource. The case study featured volunteering experience at the Donetsk State Pedagogical University, Gorlovka, and the branch of the Kuzbass State Technical University, Prokopyevsk. The survey involved 200 students (18–25 y.o.) from both universities. Both groups revealed the same trend manifested in adequate understanding of the goals of volunteering and its social significance. Volunteering activities proved to be an effective means of moral upbringing, socialization, and self-identification
in university students.
Constitutional Justice for Universities by Yu. V. Kim (Moscow: Yurait, 2024): A Book Review
Authors: Komarova Valentina
Published: December 2024

Constitutional Justice for Universities is a coursebook for law schools published by a team of authors and edited by Professor Yu. V. Kim, Doctor of Law, Department of State and Administrative Law, Kemerovo State University. Professor V. V. Komarova, Doctor of Law and a specialist in constitutional law, gives it a positive peer review: the coursebook meets the highest academic standards and qualifies for university curriculum.
A comparative analysis of innovative MADM technique BHARAT and Hall's statistical approach to design rain gauge network for runoff prediction
Authors: Panchal Ayushi , Yadav S. M.
Published: December 2024

In the present study, an optimal rain gauge network has been derived for predicting runoff in the Middle Tapi Basin, India. This study employs a statistical approach by Hall and the recently developed BHARAT (Best Holistic Adaptable Ranking of Attributes Technique) method. BHARAT, primarily designed for industrial applications, has been adapted to address the hydrological challenge of selecting key rain gauges. The lumped conceptual NAM rainfall–runoff model has been developed for the evaluation of rain gauges ranked by each approach. The reliability of Hall's network is affirmed through its commendable performance in statistical assessments of simulated runoff. However, the outcome difference between BHARAT and Hall's method is not pronounced. It is worth noting that Hall's method places primary emphasis on rain gauge stations based solely on measured rainfall, overlooking other hydrological parameters in the selection process. In contrast, BHARAT offers flexibility by considering all relevant attributes to identify optimal alternatives. Both Hall's method and BHARAT exhibit dependable applicability for hydrological applications, with each method presenting unique strengths in the design of rain gauge networks. The observations highlight that the newly developed BHARAT technique, characterized by its simplicity and user-friendly interface, exhibits robust applicability for hydrological applications comparable to Hall's method.
Çatışma altındaki çocuklarda pediatrik cerrahi uygulamaları ve 7 Ekim sonrası Gazze örneği
Authors: Çelik Emre , Kamacı Taner
Published: December 2024

Amaç: 7 Ekim sonrası İsrail’in Gazze’ye başlattığı saldırılar sonucunda yaşanan sağlık krizinin ve çatışma bölgelerinde çocuklara yönelik pediatrik cerrahi uygulamalarının kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, pediatrik cerrahi uygulanan olgularda sınırlı sağlık hizmeti sunumunda karşılaşılan zorlukları açıklamaktır.

Yöntemler: 18 Mart 2024’ten 1 Nisan 2024’e kadar Gazze Avrupa Hastanesi’nde pediatrik cerrahi uygulanan 31 olgu retrospektif olarak incelendi. Pediatrik olguların yaş, cinsiyet, hasta yerleşim yeri, başvuru şekli, cerrahi işlemin endikasyonu, yaralanma mekanizması, anestezi, tıbbi malzeme eksikliği ve hastane içi morbidite, mortalite verileri kaydedildi. Sürekli değişkenler ortalama ve standart sapma ile kategorik değişkenler sayı (n) ve yüzde (%) olarak ifade edilmiştir. Kategorik değişkenlerin karşılaştırmasında Ki-Kare testi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 31 vakanın ortalama yaşı 5,86'ydı. Bu süre içinde hastaların 20’sine (%64,5) bombalanma, şarapnel parçasıyla yaralanma gibi savaş yaralanmaları nedeniyle pediatrik cerrahi işlem uygulanmıştır. Olguların 21’i (%67,7) yerinden edilmiş, göçe zorlanmış vatandaş, 10’u (%32,3) ise yerel idi. Olguların büyük çoğunluğu politravma (9, %29), barsak perforasyonu (9, % 29) vakalarıydı. Bombalanmaya ya da enkazda yaralanmaya bağlı politravma hastalarının laserasyon onarımı (6, %19), şarapnel parçasıyla yaralanmaya bağlı barsak perforasyonu için laparotomiyle barsak perforasyonu primer onarımı (4, %12), laparotomiyle barsak perforasyonu rezeksiyon ve anastomoz (4, %12), laparoskopik inguinal herni onarımı (4, %12) en yaygın işlemlerdi. Sadece bir olguda ameliyat sonrası sepsis gelişti (%3,2) ve hastada sonrasında hastane içi ölüm (%3,2) görülmüştür.

Sonuç: Yerel sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcıları ve uluslararası insani yardım kuruluşlarına bağlı çalışan gönüllü çocuk cerrahları hem İsrail’in saldırıları nedeniyle çocuklarda meydana gelen yaralanmalar hem de insani ihtiyaçlar için değerli, hayat kurtarıcı rol üstlenmişlerdir. Cerrahi müdahale uygulanan 31 olgu zorlu koşullar altında bile olsa son derece sınırlı pediatrik cerrahi hizmeti ve bakımı verilmekte olduğunu ve aynı zamanda pediatrik cerrahi müdahalelerin uzmanlaşmış kişiler eliyle yapılmasının üstünlüğünü göstermektedir.
Reseña del libro: Subjetividades Políticas Indígenas en Movimiento (Tres experiencias regionales latinoamericanas) 1ra edición impresa en febrero del 2023 - Ávila Rojas, Odín
Authors: López Vargas Gerardo Eliud
Published: December 2024

La reseña expone las motivaciones planteadas por Odin Ávila, entre las cuales propone repensar un enfoque interdisciplinario para abordar la diversidad cultural y étnica en América Latina. En este contexto, analiza los fundamentos epistemológicos de las ciencias sociales como alternativa para comprender las subjetividades derivadas de la relación entre el ser humano y su entorno. Se reconoce, además, el esfuerzo que implica analizar la complejidad de la cultura a lo largo de la historia para comprender las dinámicas de colonialidad que sustentan las estructuras de Estado. Al mismo tiempo, se reivindican estructuras sociales que, desde otras subjetividades, desafían el statu quo en Colombia, México y Bolivia, buscando su incorporación en las políticas públicas. Finalmente se abordan las provocaciones derivadas de una reflexión sobre las repercusiones que desencadena el enfoque diferencial en las políticas públicas.
Novel Design of EXOR Gate and its Application for Circuits using QCA Nanotechnology
Authors: Sharma Vijay Kumar , Khan Gulista , Kaushik Neeraj , Chauhan Sudakar Singh
Published: December 2024

Background:

QCA nanotechnology is an emerging technology in the current scenario to
develop the digital circuits for area-efficient, energy-efficient, low-power, and high-speed
applications. The EXOR gate is broadly used in many digital applications. Therefore, an EXOR
gate needs to be designed in an emerging technology to tackle the issues of the nanoscale regime of
conventional metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) technology.

Aim:

This study aims to implement an efficient 3-input exclusive OR (EXOR) gate using quantumdot
cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology and check its performance for subsequent circuits.

Objective:

The objective of this research work is to develop an efficient translation-based 3-input
EXOR gate in QCA nanotechnology. The subsequent circuits are designed using the proposed
EXOR gate to evaluate the efficacy of extension work.

Method:

A unique feature of QCA nanotechnology is utilized for the design of the EXOR gate. The
translation-based approach is applied for the implementation of the proposed EXOR gate. A QCA
cell may be shifted from its initial position in order to form the logic function. The translation-based
method saves the area requirement.

Result:

The proposed EXOR gate consists of only 10 QCA cells and 0.50 clocks. The energy
dissipation and fault analyses are done for the proposed EXOR gate. A thorough comparative study
is prepared for the performance evaluation. The various subsequent circuits, such as a full adder, a
4-bit parity checker, and a 4-bit binary to gray (BTG) code converter, are also designed using the
proposed EXOR gate in order to check the extension work on the proposed EXOR gate.

Conclusion:

It is observed from the simulation work on the proposed EXOR gate that it saves
layout area and is most cost-effective. It is highly optimized in terms of cell count and clock. The
proposed EXOR gate saves 25% cell area and 23.08% design cost as compared to the best-reported
design. The designed subsequent circuits also outperform in terms of different parameters. The full
adder reduces 33.33% cell count and 34.85% cost as compared to the best-reported design. The 4-
bit parity checker improves the cell count by 47.50% and the design cost by 57.29% as compared to
the best-reported work. The 4-bit BTG code converter minimizes layout area by 25.81% and design
cost by 29.30% as compared to the best-reported work.
Haematological and Metabolic Disturbances Induced by Chronic Unpredictable Stress in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Agarwal Vipul , Chaudhary Rishabh , Yadav Sachin , Kaushik Arjun Singh , Rehman Mujeeba , Kumar Anand , Kumar Dinesh , Mishra Vikas
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Chronic stress serves as a fundamental factor contributing to various health conditions, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and cardiac
dysfunction. Previous findings from our laboratory have revealed a clear link between chronic stress and increased occurrence of heart dysfunction,
atherosclerosis, immune imbalance and psoriasis.

Methods:

However, the haematological and metabolic pathways involved remain unexplored. Therefore, our investigation focused on examining the
haematological and metabolic profiles of rats subjected to chronic stress. Animals were divided into two groups: Group-I (Control) was left
undisturbed for 56 days. Group-II (CUS) was exposed to a random stressor for 56 days, following which stress induction was verified by a
significant increase in serum corticosterone level (p<0.0001) and depressive-like behaviours using novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT)
(p<0.0001). Blood profile analysis of CUS animals demonstrated anaemia with decreased RBC (p=0.0001) and elevated WBC count (p<0.0001).

Results:

Serum electrolyte analysis of CUS rats revealed hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, and hypokalaemia. Serum lipid profile analysis showed increased
triglyceride (p=0.007) and VLDL (p=0.007) levels. Serum proinflammatory cytokine levels were also increased in CUS rats. Moreover,
metabolomics analysis of CUS animals revealed decreased concentrations of myo-inositol, threonine, glycine, glutamine, methionine, and formate,
along with an increased fumarate-to-alanine and fumarate-to-glycine ratio. These metabolic alterations suggest reduced glycolysis and abnormal
amino acid metabolism and are associated with inflammation, cell damage, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, metabolic disorders, and
diabetes, among other conditions.

Conclusion:

These findings reveal haematological and metabolic alterations in response to stress and may provide critical insights to lay the foundation for
developing targeted therapeutic interventions to prevent stress-related diseases.
Energy-saving Trajectory Planning Method for Electric Vehicles Based on Dynamic Programming Optimization
Authors: Yang Yu , Liu Pan , Zhang Zhijun , Xie Chengwei
Published: December 2024

Background:

To address the problem of high energy consumption of self-driving electric
vehicles when following a planned trajectory, constraints are added to path planning and speed
planning respectively.

Methods:

Given the limitations of the existing path planning algorithms in terms of search efficiency
and path length, this study introduces an innovative and improved strategy in the horizontal
dimension. Based on the cost function of the distance between sampling points, this strategy aims
to improve the search efficiency of the dynamic planning algorithm and reduce the search path
length. Furthermore, the smoothness of the path is optimized to suit the actual driving conditions
by applying a quadratic programming algorithm. An energy consumption model for pure electric
vehicles is established in the vertical dimension, effectively constraining energy use during speed
dynamic planning to reduce consumption while driving. Finally, the smoothness of speed planning
is improved using a quadratic programming algorithm.

Results:

The results of simulation experiments show that compared with traditional methods, the
proposed algorithm achieves a substantial improvement in path length reduction of 5.8%, average
curvature reduction of 31.6%, and average energy consumption reduction of 2.04% in static and
dynamic obstacle avoidance environments.

Conclusion:

The results show that the improved dynamic planning algorithm proposed in this
study is significantly optimized in terms of mean path length, mean curvature, and energy consumption.
Moreover, the proposed algorithm can meet the requirements of energy efficiency of
vehicle driving.
Experimental Study on Design and Calibration of Pedicle Screw Placement Force Sensing Instrument
Authors: Yao Lihua , Shi Xinge , Fang Yixun , Gao Weifan , Yang Jing
Published: December 2024

Background:

In conventional pedicle screw placement, the surgeon adjusts the position
of the instrument by hand. The hand feel is very important for the accuracy of the surgery, and the
hand feel mainly depends on the surgical experience of the doctor. The essence of hand feel is the
force information between the intraoperative instrument and the biological tissue.

Objective:

To digitize the intraoperative force information, a screw placement instrument with multi-
dimensional force information perception capabilities was designed and calibrated

Methods:

Firstly, based on the analysis of force perception schemes for the screw placement instrument,
a micro-strain gauge sensor array was integrated into the main body unit of the instrument.
Subsequently, a multi-dimensional force perception instrument calibration experiment platform
was established, and the impact of various factors such as load size and loading depth on
force coupling was analyzed experimentally. Finally, through relevant loading force experiments, a
comprehensive force perception model for precise sensing of force information in pedicle screw
placement surgery. Established and verified by experiments.

Results:

The results show that the deviation force in X direction and Y direction calculated by theory
is close to the actual deviation force measured by 3D force sensor at different depths, different
angles and different corners, and the error is small.

Conclusions:

The correctness of the perceived force model was verified through precision validation
experiments. This research will provide technical support.
Pharmacological Blockade of Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
Reduces the Incidence of Brain Tumors Induced by Prenatal Exposure to
N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in Rats
Authors: Arcella Antonietta , Alborghetti Marika , Traficante Anna , Oliva Maria Antonietta , Staffieri Sabrina , Russo Veronica , Caridi Matteo , Battaglia Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Background:

The study demonstrates that pharmacological blockade of type 3 metabotropic
glutamate (mGlu3) receptors at the time of tumor induction significantly reduces the incidence
of brain gliomas in rats. The overall survival of patients with high-grade brain gliomas is 14-20
months after current multimodal therapy, including surgery, radiotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective:

To demonstrate in this experimental model that pharmacological blockade of group II
metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces the incidence of brain tumors induced by prenatal exposure
to N- ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in rats.

Methods:

Dams received a single injection of ENU (40 mg/kg, e.v.) at day 20 of pregnancy, combined
with 5 daily injections of either saline or the mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist, LY341495 (10 mg/kg)
(from day 15 to day 21 of pregnancy). Assessment of brain tumors in the offspring at 5 months of age
showed the presence of mixed gliomas (astrocytomas/oligodendrogliomas) in 70% of the ENU + saline
group of rats and only in 30% of the ENU + LY341495 group.

Conclusion:

Tumors in both groups of rats showed a moderate/high expression of the astrocyte marker,
GFAP, and the oligodendrocyte marker, OLIG-2, and a low expression of the proliferation marker,
Ki-67. However, tumors of the ENU + LY341495 group showed a reduced density of Iba-1+ cells,
suggesting a lower extent of neuroinflammation in the tumor microenvironment. These findings
strengthen the hypothesis that mGlu3 receptors are candidate drug targets for the treatment of malignant
gliomas.
Microbiology for ICAR NET: A Comprehensive Exam Preparation Guide
Authors: Devi Sunita , Manorma Kumari , Sharma Megha , Chand Subhash
Published: December 2024

Microbiology for ICAR NET: A Comprehensive Exam Preparation Guide is a valuable resource tailored for students preparing for the ICAR NET exam in Microbiology. This guide offers an in-depth overview of key microbiological topics, including microbial physiology, soil microbiology, environmental microbiology, and microbial biotechnology. Organized into eight comprehensive chapters, the book covers foundational concepts such as the scope of microbiology, prokaryotes, and microscopy, while aligning closely with the ICAR NET syllabus.
Ideal for ICAR NET aspirants, this guide also serves as a solid review tool for microbiology students, researchers, and professionals.

Key Features:
- Includes multiple-choice, true/false, and fill-in-the-blank questions for active learning.
- Detailed answer key for self-assessment and concept reinforcement.
- Comprehensive coverage of topics essential for ICAR NET Microbiology exam preparation.
- Covers a wide range of microbiology topics.
(Re)Pensando o ensino de português como segunda língua para surdos brasileiros: análise de uma produção textual
Authors: Baalbaki Angela Corrêa Ferreira
Published: December 2024

In the present text the author aims to analyze the textual
production (argumentative-dissertative) of a deaf woman, a student of a preuniversity course in Brazil. We also present a brief historical review of the legal
apparatus that promotes bilingual education for the deaf, considering Libras as
the first language and the teaching of Portuguese as a second language, with
emphasis on valuing the linguistic and cultural identity of deaf Brazilians. We
point out that the lack of dissemination of knowledge about the Brazilian Sign
Language (Libras) and the persistence of linguistic prejudice, in turn, are
obstacles that make it difficult for deaf students to learn the Portuguese
language. This difficulty can be observed in the description of mistakes made by deaf people when producing texts in a second language. Therefore, there are barriers that must be overcome to make the teaching-learning process effective.
Olhares cruzados sobre a formação inicial docente em contexto pós-pandémico
Authors: Morais João Gabriel Thomaz Moura
Published: December 2024

This study aims to identify and reflect on aspects of initial teacher training
for Portuguese as a Non-Native Language that could be improved. The proposed
changes are intended to better address the challenges posed by the post-pandemic
context, which is strongly characterized by the widespread adoption of online training
programs and the popularization of certain AI-based tools. For this reflection, a
methodological approach based on a critical analysis of existing literature and an
evaluation of emerging pedagogical practices was followed. The research focused on
identifying essential competencies for teachers in the current educational landscape
(including training, research, curricular, lifelong learning, sociocultural, emotional,
communication, innovation, and ICT competencies) and explored the potential for
developing these competencies through appropriate use of technological tools. The
study, suggests some premises for reflecting on the future of initial teacher training
and how it could be improved to better equip teachers to face the challenges of postpandemic education, aiming to develop active, participative, and digitally and
linguistically competent citizens.
Variação linguística no ensino de PLNM/PLA a partir de gêneros do discurso: orientações didático-pedagógicas em contexto francês
Authors: Meireles Vanessa , Martins Alexandre Ferreira
Published: December 2024

This article proposes an approach that connects the principles of
linguistic variation, inherent to all living languages, with the assumptions of linguistic
pluricentrism (Duarte, Gonçalves & Melo, 2023) in the teaching of Portuguese as a
non-native/additional language (PLNM/PLA). We emphasize that linguistic variation is
a fundamental subject in language teaching, which can be addressed through the diversity of speech genres (Bakhtine, 1984) circulating in society, mobilizing and/or
expanding learners’ repertoires. In this reflection, we discuss the role of linguistic
variation in PLNM/PLA classes, using as an example our teaching experience at the
University Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 (UPVM). To this end, in addition to debating the
theme from a theoretical standpoint, we propose didactic guidelines that sensitize
students to linguistic variation, grounded in a discursive and dialogic perspective of
language (Martins & Yonaha, 2024). Our text, in this order, addresses linguistic
variation and the implications of pluricentrism, a theme to which variation has been
associated, didactic planning based on speech genres, and, finally, some didacticpedagogical guidelines for teachers. This reflection points to the importance of
variation in the classroom, based on a notion of language use as social practice,
mediated by speech genres, thus bringing learners, particularly university students in
France, closer to uses that may make sense for the mobilization of repertoires
(Schlatter, Bulla & Costa, 2020) in contexts in which they may circulate or deal with
during their training or professional activities in the Portuguese language
Hand-Reading: New Pointers for Life Writing
Authors: Boter Babs , Nagel Alexandra
Published: December 2024

The discovery of two handprints of the Dutch journalist and travel writer Mary Pos (1904–1987) and Pos’ reports of her consultations with the Dutch hand-reader in question led to us to reflect on the potential use of such documents in a biographical project aimed at a reconstruction of the life and work of Pos. We first examined the possible reasons for Pos to consult the hand-reader and tried to determine if and how she responded to it in her diaries and correspondence. We also checked whether the hand-reader’s findings had an impact and if she followed his advice. Finally, we wanted to find out if the handprints and reports could perhaps complement the more conventional collection of historical documents already studied, such as Pos’ diaries and letters. We also asked ourselves the more methodological question if a close reading and contextualisation of handprints and their reports in general can contribute to a biographical project. This essay offers a contextualisation of hand-reading practices, a detailed reading of the recovered documents, and a set of considerations when using such sources in a biographical project.