bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The motives of young people to have or not to have children
Authors: Lutskaya Ekaterina Evgenievna , Nevezhina Sofia Dmitrievna , Tihomirova Dar'ya Alekseevna
Published: October 2024

The object of the exploration is the studying youth as a social group, and the subject is the analysis of the motivation to have or not have children. The research objective is to identify the reproductive attitudes of students. The actuality of the research is due to the fact that in Russia, since 2017, the birth rate has begun to decline. The solution of the demographic crisis is becoming one of the paramount tasks of the government. Special attention is paid to the analysis of reproductive attitudes of studying youth and the assessment of its possible impact on social and demographic processes. Understanding the factors influencing the demographic situation will allow us to further develop more effective social programs to support young people in their positive decisions regarding parenthood. The research methods are a sociological survey conducted in the spring of 2024 (selection=145) among studying young people aged 16 to 29 years, and a secondary analysis of data from the research centers Public Opinion Foundation, All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion and Levada Center. The originality of the exploration is the studying the opinions and views of studying youth on issues of reproduction, which is especially important in the context of a declining birth rate. Of particular importance to the analysis is the comparison of the results last year's data and the identification of trends and changes. The results of the study are the reproductive attitudes of young people towards parenthood as difficult period of life. There is a decrease in the number of desired children from two to one and an increase in the optimal and "late" age for the birth of the first child. Young people do not give up parenthood, but prefer to postpone this period for a more favorable time.
Lean Management Strategies for Creative Organizations: Creacracy versus Bureaucracy
Authors: Zaharov Iurii , Logunova Larisa Yur'evna
Published: October 2024

The idea to change the traditional hierarchical structure of the company is emerging as a trend in global management practices of creative industries organizations. The experience of American and Western European companies in the "creative industry" shows that a democratic decision-making process promotes the active participation of employees in the life of the company. The topic of creative management, art management, and "lean" management gets a particularly relevant sound. Today, management experience has been accumulated, thanks to which schools, hospitals, creative organizations, design bureaus have been humanized by the talent of employees, vocation and creative achievements have been supported. The subject of research was determined by the growth and demand for companies in the "creative industry" that produce creative products in the socio-cultural, scientific, artistic, and technical fields. The classification of the UK Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) identifies 44 creative professions, including architecture, IT and video games, publishing, performing arts, crafts, design, advertising, jewelry. The study applied an innovative approach to the management sociology: the experience of creacracy was studied through the prism of culture, the value component of the work of organizations, on the methodological foundation of the "turquoise" philosophy. The study of creacracy culture is based on a set of techniques: value-structural analysis, secondary analysis, document analysis, comparative analysis. Realizing the purpose of the study, the authors theoretically comprehended the experience of modern creative unions and organizations of a non–bureaucratic type based on the foundation of the culture of creative management – creacracy. The authors defined this form of management as the management of organizations, an alternative to bureaucracy, corresponding to a culture based on the values of human-centricity, freedom, creativity, transparency, implemented on the principles of lean or understanding management in the practices of "happy" ("joyful") management of creative projects. A group of types of creacratic management has been formed: adhocratic, chaordic, halordic. With differences in the choice of management tactics, these types are united by the design of management strategies – delegation of authority, coordination, support, orientation towards self-government. This shows the human-centricity of creacratic management. A comparative analysis of bureaucratic and creacratic forms showed differences in values, setting and understanding goals, choosing leading managerial functions, management strategies and practices, and types of employees. The analytics presented in the research results are of practical importance for the heads of creative industries organizations choosing management strategies.
Service design technology as a tool for the development of the Institute of social services
Authors: Sipunova Nadezhda Valentinova
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the features of the service design technology in social services. The object of the research is the institutional features of social services for the population, the subject is the role and essence of service design technology as a tool for the development of the institute of social services. The author provides an analysis of the institutional features of the development of social services, examines the impact of the use of service design technologies in the provision of social services. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of innovative social service practices based on the implementation of service design technology, as well as to the analysis of the development and transformation of institutional functions of social services as a result of the widespread introduction of service design practices in the social sphere. Based on the data of the analysis of best practices of social services, the author also analyzes the processes of formation of new social institutions as a result of the implementation of the service approach in the social sphere, one of which is the institute of regional service commissioners. The main research method is the traditional analysis of documents, generalization of the research of the Institute of Social Services, experience in the implementation of service design technology, as well as analysis of its impact on the processes of transformation of social institutions. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the works devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the development of the institute of social services, the introduction of service design technology into the processes of service provision. The main results of this study are conclusions about the special role of service design of social services in ensuring the sustainability of public relations by balancing the implementation of public interests associated with the absence of excessive spending on social services and the interests of small groups meeting their needs at an optimal level through convenient routing and individual design of social services. The author's scientific contribution consists in analyzing the transformation of institutional functions of social services in the implementation of service design technology. The author concludes that the institutional function of social services for reproduction, distribution and exchange also changes with the implementation of the service design approach, becoming simpler and more effective, and the structure of public relations is changing under the influence of the need for new actors and institutional forms of social services with an increased role of interdepartmental interaction.
Forensic support for the use of artificial intelligence technology in the detection and investigation of crimes
Authors: Khamidullin Ruslan Sibagatullovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the possibility of using artificial intelligence systems in order to solve and investigate crimes. The author, using the example of GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) neural network architecture, invented by Google researchers, shows the capabilities of artificial intelligence to analyze situations arising during the disclosure and investigation of crimes and to put forward reasonable versions based on them on the circumstances of the commission of an illegal act. The study demonstrates the possibility of drawing up programs (plans) for criminal investigations based on such versions. The object of the study is social relations arising during the use of artificial intelligence systems in law enforcement. Special attention is paid to the process of training the neural network to use modern forensic tools and methods in detection, disclosure and investigation. The main conclusions of the study are the need for training and the use of neural networks in law enforcement not only for the purpose of identifying, disclosing and investigating crimes and administrative offenses, but also their prevention and suppression. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is the identification of patterns that arise in the process of learning and using the capabilities of the neural network in providing assistance to law enforcement entities in applied research. The novelty of the work lies in the experiment conducted for the first time on training and using a separate GTP neural network in forensic analytical work on putting forward versions and planning an investigation. The paper provides recommendations for the training of law enforcement officers on the effective use of neural networks in law enforcement.
Prohibition of certain actions in the system of preventive measures: practice of application and directions of optimization
Authors: Filimonova Marina Dmitrievna
Published: October 2024

The subject of this study is the problematic aspects of the legal regulation of the application of the prohibition of certain actions provided for in Article 105.1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, as well as law enforcement practice. The introduction of a ban on certain actions in the system of preventive measures actualizes the study of the measure in question in the scientific community, which is fully confirmed by the intensity of publication of relevant works. Meanwhile, the degree of scientific development is insufficiently saturated with analysis of the practice of prohibiting certain actions in comparison with the study of the theoretical and regulatory aspects of this institute, as well as specific proposals for optimizing the legal regulation of the prohibition of certain actions. It can be stated that the research potential of the practice of application and problem analysis of the prohibition of certain actions is quite extensive. The above allows you to focus on the designated aspects.The purpose of the study is to identify problems and conflicts in the regulatory regulation of the prohibition of certain actions, analyze them, develop proposals to minimize them, which will contribute to the expansion of the application of the prohibition of certain actions as a preventive measure.  The research methodology is formed taking into account the specifics of the object and subject of research and includes, in addition to general scientific – analysis and synthesis, the method of reviewing scientific research, systemic, problem analysis, – private scientific – formal legal and comparative legal research methods. The scientific novelty is mediated by the variability of the approach to the already identified conflicts of legal regulation of the prohibition of certain actions and the analysis of problems not previously discussed by the scientific community. The conclusions of this study are as follows. Firstly, the legal regulation of the institution of preventive measures needs to be optimized. In particular, the legislator needs to eliminate the existing conflict between the indication of the election of one preventive measure and the possibility of a combination of preventive measures. Secondly, the provisions of Part 4 of Article 105.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation were analyzed, providing for variants of the judge's decisions on the declared petition for the election of a ban on certain actions, according to the results of which amendments and additions were proposed for the uniform and prompt application of this preventive measure. Thirdly, in order to eliminate the double interpretation of the phrase "committed crime" (clause 6, part 6, Article 105.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation), it is proposed to replace the specified wording.
On the prospects of using foreign experience in training personnel for civil society entities in Russia
Authors: Potapenko Sergei Viktorovich , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna , Cheshin Andrei Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of modern problems and prospects of using the experience of training workers abroad for various subjects of civil society in the Russian Federation. It is argued that the institute of public control acts as a key legal guarantee for the implementation, protection and protection of both the system of constitutional principles and the entire system of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities in the country. The authors substantiate the position that the basis of the organization and activity of any subject of public control in Russia is its human resources potential. The article identifies several categories of individuals who both take part in the preparation and conduct of public control measures and generally ensure the activities of the above-mentioned subjects of public control.  In the course of writing this scientific article, a number of general and particular scientific research methods were used, including: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological; method of analyzing specific legal situations. In the work, special attention is paid to the analysis of the positive experience of training and retraining abroad of representatives of subjects of public control. The authors substantiate why the positive foreign experience of training and retraining of personnel for civil society entities (including in the field of organizing and exercising civil society control over the apparatus of public authority and other objects exercising certain public powers) is important for analysis, adaptation and use in the process of improving the institute of public control in the Russian Federation. The article develops and substantiates a system of measures to optimize the processes of training and advanced training of both members of subjects of public control in Russia and employees of state and municipal institutions that ensure their functioning.
Illegal hunting: history and modernity
Authors: Makhmutova Liliia Rinatovna
Published: October 2024

Conservation of natural resources and rational use of natural resources is a priority within the framework of the National Security Strategy. In recent years, there has been an alarming trend towards an increase in poaching, especially in regions with a low level of economy and particularly rich natural resources. This article provides a historical sketch of the development of legal norms governing hunting issues and an analysis of modern legislation in the field of hunting. The review of judicial practice of bringing persons to responsibility for illegal hunting is given. A number of preventive methods to combat this crime are also being introduced. Thus, the problem of preventing illegal hunting is complex and requires an integrated approach when studying it. The subject of this work is the analysis and coverage of the history of the emergence and development of hunting legislation. Namely, its applied significance, which became the basis for the design of legal relations in this area. The research is based on general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, which made it possible to analyze and synthesize knowledge about the evolution of hunting legislation. The method of comparative historical jurisprudence made it possible to determine the nature of legal relations in various periods, starting from Ancient Russia. Previously, the legislation regulating relations regarding hunting resources was of an economic nature and regulated contractual relations in order to obtain benefits. Currently, a large block of legislation is devoted to the rules for the use of hunting resources in order to preserve them, increase them and preserve their role in maintaining the stability of ecosystems. During the analysis, a number of modern acts were examined, which allowed us to draw the following conclusions: today it is advisable to update strategies to combat illegal hunting. It requires significant financial, human and time resources. In addition to the revision of hunting legislation, it is necessary to use new technologies for monitoring and protecting wildlife, as well as active cooperation between various levels and areas of public authority. And also to convey the importance of protecting natural resources, including the protection of wildlife, to the legal consciousness of citizens.
The Russian timber industry: features of formation, condition, development and role
Authors: Komissarova Anna Vladimirovna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the forestry complex (FC) of the Russian Federation. The work analyzes the fundamentals of the FC's functioning, its current state, and development prospects. The subject of the research is the Russian forestry complex market, including the processes of creation and development, as well as the impact of export dynamics on the complex's development. Research methods include the analysis of the legal framework, statistical data, and the study of foreign market experiences. The novelty of the work lies in the comprehensive approach to studying the Russian FC, which allows for the identification of specific features of its functioning under the transition to a market economy and the determination of the main internal and external problems faced by the industry. The first section of the article examines the fundamentals of FC functioning, including the features of the processes of creation and development of the complex, as well as the impact of exports on its development. The second section analyzes the current state of the market, identifies problems, and proposes solutions, discusses the possibilities of overcoming trade restrictions, the impact of reforestation on the resource potential, and the role of the legal framework in an international context. The main conclusions of the study highlight that the Russian FC is characterized by the complexities of organizing the forest harvesting and processing system associated with the transition to a market model and the peculiarities of property rights distribution over forest resources. The complex has faced a number of internal problems, such as operating in the shadow economy and an ineffective control system. Rental relations between tenants and the state have also negatively impacted the economic efficiency of forest resource use.
Potential threats of unauthorized use of political deepfakes during political elections: international experience
Authors: Vinogradova Ekaterina Alekseevna
Published: October 2024

The subject of this study is new political technologies based on the use of artificial intelligence. The purpose of this study is to identify the threats and risks associated with the unauthorised use of political deepfakes in international practice. To achieve this goal, the author analyses the concepts of the influence of political deepfakes on elections, identifies types and risks of deepfakes in the political practice of different countries. The author of this study defines a political deepfake as a special campaign using artificial intelligence technology to undermine the reputation of political leaders in order to change the course of the electoral struggle or to discredit an incumbent politician. In the process of research, in addition to normative-institutional and historical conceptual and content analysis, elements of analysis of secondary statistical data were used. The article gives a characteristic of the main types of political deepfakes and provides examples of their maliciousness. On the basis of the author's analysis, the classification of types of political deepfakes, which have an impact on the cognitive functions of target audiences, is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Classification of types of political deepfakes, given in this study allows us to take a new look at the problem of cognitive impact of this type of disinformation on public opinion. The findings suggest that between 2017 and 2024, artificial intelligence technologies have become actively used to manipulate target audiences during political elections. One of the main difficulties in regulating political deepfakes is their veiling due to the use of mixed types of this type of manipulation.
The "state approach" to the study of international non-governmental organizations in modern political science
Authors: Gurkovskii Aleksandr Andreevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the research is the methodological approaches used in modern political science studies of international non-governmental organizations (INGOs). The emphasis is placed on the "state approach", which has received much less scientific attention to date than other methodological "platforms". This approach is based on two statements: 1) the effectiveness of INGOs is often determined not by their independence, but by strict accountability to the patron States; 2) INGOs are often created not independently, based on independent regulatory and professional standards, but externally in order to realize the interests and priorities of the patron states. In other words, states act as patrons, and INGOs are agents who solve the tasks of patrons. The study applied the provisions and conclusions of theories related in one way or another to the activities of modern INGOs: theories of network interaction of INGOs, transcalar activity of INGOs, structural limits of the INGOs power. The article attempts to classify existing approaches in INGOs research ("cosmopolitan", "national", "state"); to substantiate the productivity and value of the "state approach" (INGOs are considered as subordinate actors who adhere to the mission and interests of their patrons); to identify the main directions of critical analysis of their activities (INGOs, related with states, are often inefficient in strengthening civil society; characterized by latent nature of activities and a low level of legitimacy). It is concluded that relations between states and INGOs often take the form of a "patron-agent" and and characterized as: "conspiracy", "adaptability", "grassroots control", "geographical shift".
Russia's turn to the East: achievements, problems and prospects
Authors: El'nikova Yuliya Vasil'evna
Published: October 2024

The article presents conclusions from the analysis of the formation and development of the concept of "turning to the East" in Russian foreign policy. The risks associated with the reorientation of Russian policy to the East in the context of the geopolitical situation in the period from 2022 to 2024 are investigated. Among them, there is a lack of experience of Russia's participation in the processes of regionalization of East Asia, a wary attitude on the part of a number of countries in the region due to their perception of Russia as a non-Asian country, as well as the presence of West-centrist thinking in the Russian political elite and a bias in Russian policy towards China in both the economic and political and diplomatic spheres. The purpose of the study was to study the real dynamics of relations between Russia and the countries of the Asia-Pacific region after the start of a special military operation and to reveal the main prospects and threats of such cooperation for Russia.  The research methodology is based on a systematic analysis of the subject area using the methods of political science, economic theory, documentation and source studies. The author has studied the changes in Russia's national security strategy, identified the problems existing in this area, and made assumptions about the prospects of Russian policy in the eastern direction. It is shown that the main purpose of changing the course of the "turn to the East" is not only to increase the volume of trade and economic cooperation, but also to expand Russia's political and financial presence in the "Greater Asia" region. Russia's priority task is to attract foreign direct investment from this region, use the territories of advanced development to create new high-tech industries, deepen and expand international relations with all Asian countries. In this context, it is necessary for Russia to develop long-term strategies for the development of mutually beneficial relations with major Asian partners on a bilateral basis, based on a clear understanding of the importance of each of these states for Russia's national interests.
The main aspects of the introduction of conscription in Russia at the beginning of the XVIII century
Authors: Demina Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the main aspects of the introduction of conscription in Russia at the beginning of the XVIII century during the reign of Peter the Great, the prerequisites for reform, its implementation, legislative framework and results are considered. The main attention is paid to the sources and dating of the introduction of conscription. The analysis of the formation of a regular army recruitment system, its regularity, numerical and class composition is carried out, the concepts of "recruits" and "date soldiers" are disclosed. The Decree of Peter the Great of February 20, 1705, its execution, extension and results are considered in detail. From 1705 to 1709, five large sets were conducted from all cities of the Moscow State with a period of one year. In the period from 1710 to 1711, recruitment was mainly carried out from the population of Moscow and adjacent counties. Changes in the organizational structure of recruitment were associated with the establishment of a new territorial division and government agencies. The local order was still in charge of recruiting.  The main source is the "Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire" (The first Collection), published in 1830 in St. Petersburg. The introduction of conscription should not be regarded as a one-time act, this system began to take shape in 1699, its base was formed by 1705, and finally, after all the changes and transformations, it entered the state system by 1711. With the introduction of conscription, desertion has become a mass phenomenon, while being the main form of social protest (passive). The government's measures aimed at toughening the punishment for fugitives, apparently, did not save them from escapes. The most effective solution to this problem was the introduction of bail for fellow soldiers and relatives of the recruit. Conscription became one of the cheapest methods of recruiting the army, as it did not require serious expenses for the material stimulation of soldiers and ensuring their livelihoods. The costs of recruiting and training recruits were reduced as much as possible by using the resources of government agencies involved in recruitment, in parallel with the main type of activity.
The Islamic Question in the Confessional Policy of the Russian State (the Second Half of the 18th – the First Half of the 19th Centuries)
Authors: Bleikh Nadezhda Oskarovna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the confessional and legal policy of the Russian Empire regarding Muslims during the inclusion of the North Caucasus in the orbit of influence. The thesis is substantiated on how the political events of the second half of the XVIII – first half of the XIX centuries influenced the state-legal coordination of the confessional strategy developing in the region in the conditions of modernization and wartime. The scientific novelty is seen in the fact that the role of the socio-legal institutions of Russia is understood in a special way in the work. Despite the abundance of scientific works on this subject, the author, based on both well-known and little-studied archival and documentary materials, presented his vision of the specifics of the theocratic policy of the empire regarding the Muslim highlanders at the specified time. Based on the review, the author came to the conclusion that the issue of confessional interaction with the mountain peoples of the North Caucasus was initially the focus of attention of the Russian state, which, spreading its influence on the autochthonous population in the national districts, used various means of communication – from "stick" to "carrot", which affected its policy, in which such incompatible concepts as freedom of faith and control over it got along so "successfully". Despite this, the socio-spiritual modernization being developed by the Russian state contributed to the consolidation of the Islamic faith in the mountain environment. But many of the projects of the ongoing reform turned out to be ineffective, and therefore to this day generate controversy not only among Russian politicians, but also foreign political scientists. In this context, this publication can be useful not only for Russian, but also for foreign researchers in developing balanced diplomacy in solving Muslim problems.
Transport workers of the Volga region vs social diseases: the experience of the 1920s.
Authors: Kezhutin Andrei Nikolaevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the conditions and features of the formation of the health care system and the fight against social diseases on the water transport of the Volga River basin in connection with the process of transition of the country to the realities of peacetime after the end of the Civil War. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient development of this topic in historiography, as well as the reform of the healthcare sector at the present time. The author considers the activities of the medical and sanitary parts of the water transport health departments to combat alcoholism, venereal diseases, tuberculosis and malaria in the aspects of the organization of medical care, health education and the reorganization of the management of this area. The source base is the materials of the Central Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region and the State Socio-Political Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The author identifies the main features of the creation of a new system for ensuring the health of water workers in one of the most important transport hubs of central Russia. Data on the projects of reforming the health care system in water transport and the practice of their application are being introduced into scientific circulation. The main stages of the activity of the Volga District Health Department of the Volga Basin Inland Waterways Management are highlighted, the chronology and features of power-public interaction in the eradication of social diseases are clarified. The conclusion is made about the need for permanent public participation in solving medical and social problems.
The evolution of the mentality of the military estates in the era of late feudalism
Authors: Kutishchev Aleksandr Vasil'evich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the moral and psychological readiness of the Western European and Russian nobility for war and military service. The Western European military estate is regarded as the successor of medieval chivalry, which inherited its high moral and combat values. In the XVI – XVIII centuries, faced with the threat of ruin, it was forced to link its fate more closely with the army. Relying on the testimonies of contemporaries, the author argues that military service and war gradually became the main sources of a decent existence, while peaceful conditions brought the nobility need and stagnation. The economic situation in Eastern Europe was different. The local serf economy provided the Russian nobleman with modest but stable prosperity. Conversely, military service distracted the landowner from farming and undermined his well-being.  Relying on the comparative – analytical method, the author provides a comparison of the mentality of the domestic and Western European military estates. Chronologically, the article covers the period of late feudalism. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of general and special moral and psychological qualities in the portrait of the military estates, as well as in their differentiation in relation to the main type of activity, to war and military affairs. The moral and combat qualities of military estates are studied in the process of evolution under the influence of cultural and civilizational factors of the epoch. The author concludes that military service and war were the main sources of existence of the Western European nobility, while peaceful conditions brought him only need and stagnation. Cultural and civilizational specifics determined the disposition of the Western European nobility to war and military service, formed in it the corresponding moral and combat qualities.The Moscow military estate was burdened by the service and perceived it as a heavy burden. Peter the Great made an attempt to inspire "serving people" with Western European moral and martial values, which only partially displaced traditional views and ideas. The moral antipathy to military service developed over the centuries, as well as the rejection of war, became the main mental feature that distinguished the Russian military estate from the natural militancy of the Western European nobility.
Problematic aspects of the ethno-religious affiliation of Jesus of Nazareth to Jewish Judaism in the context of the "Third Search for the Historical Jesus"
Authors: Mezentsev Ivan Valer'evich , Chekrygin Oleg Vsevolodovich , Nadeina Dar'ya Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2024

This article analyzes the "third search for the historical Jesus", which is based on the archaeological research of Galilee. This approach opposes arbitrary experiments of historical reconstruction of the personality of Jesus, primarily based on the analysis of the texts of the Bible, some apocrypha and some related documents. The new approach developed with the involvement of the scientific tools of sociology, comparative anthropology and archaeology. The authors give a brief description of the essence of the "third search", consider references to Galilee in ancient written sources and provide an alternative interpretation of the results of archaeological research in this area. The article analyzes the opinion of the "third-party researchers" about the "substantial regional pluralism of Galilean Judaism." The authors pay special attention to the issue of the religious identity of the Galileans in connection with traditional Jewish beliefs and rituals. Based on the available evidence, the historical dynamics of the ethnoreligious composition of Galilee is traced, starting from the Iron Age, including the periods of Assyrian and Babylonian captivity and the period of Hellenization. The authors pay special attention to the position of Galilee at the end of the I millennium BC. The article calls into question the hypothesis that in the early Roman period Galilee was inhabited by descendants of the Jewish exodus to Galilee under the Hasmoneans. The article shows that Galilee, starting with mentions in 732 BC and before the Birth of Jesus, actually remained under the Jewish rule of the Maccabees only during the reign of Alexander Yannai from 106 to 79, that is, only about a quarter of a century. The authors analyze the opinion of representatives of the "third search" on the substantial regional pluralism of Galilean Judaism and identify problematic aspects in substantiating the generally accepted statement about the Jewish origin of Jesus and about the ethno-religious affiliation of Jesus to religious Jewry. The article shows that from the archaeological data of excavations in Galilee it does not necessarily follow that its population in the period under review was entirely Jewish.
The experience of the development of private museums in Russia in the context of public-private partnership in the 1990s- 2020s.
Authors: Kostitsyn Stanislav  Sergeevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of this research is the state and prospects of development of private museums in Russia in the 1990s–2020s. The object of the study is a public-private partnership (PPP) as a tool for interaction between public authorities and business in the implementation of museum projects. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the main directions of interaction between public authorities and business on the issue of investing in museum facilities, trends in the development of public-private partnership. Special attention is paid to the prospects of its development in the museum sector in terms of the joint implementation of museum projects, their evaluation and selection based on the principle of effectiveness for the subjects of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that the model where the state and business interact on equal terms occupies an important place in the understanding of modern social relations. The methodological basis of the research consists of the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, consistency and complexity, which allow us to explore the experience and current problems of the development of private museums in Russia in the context of public-private partnership as a complex problem, analyzing the factual material in its entirety and interrelationship. The main conclusions of the study are the peculiarities of the development of private museums in Russia in the context of the development of public-private partnership over the past three decades. A special contribution of the authors to the research of the topic is a comprehensive analysis of the prospects for the development of public-private partnership in the Russian museum sector, their generalization and systematization on the principle of the need to take into account in medium-term planning the development of a centralized system for collecting and informing about museum projects at the federal and regional levels; the development of regulatory frameworks that affect not only the development of management decisions to ensure projects, but also the selection of staff to accompany museum projects. The novelty of the research lies in rethinking the conceptual foundations, trends and key areas of development of private museums in Russia in the context of public-private partnership.
Research of ressentiment in the media communication space: opportunities and limitations
Authors: Kirillov Dmitrii  Vyacheslavovich
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the review of research on ressentiment in the media communication space. The subject of this article is the study of ressentiment in the space of media communication. Ressentiment is a phenomenon that includes feelings of anger, ressentiment, envy, indignation, directly expressed on the media communication platforms. The purpose of the study is to study the role of ressentiment in shaping public opinion and strengthening political polarization through media reports. The text describes the historical and philosophical reflection of the concept of "ressentiment" in the scientific works of German philosophers F. Nietzsche and M. Scheler. The author has identified and analyzed three areas of research of the Nietzschean concept of ressentiment in mass communications. Firstly, it is a study of ressentiment in social networks, secondly– the mediatization of political ressentiment, and thirdly, the representation of ressentiment in cinema. The article uses the theoretical foundations of sociology, media studies and cultural studies for a comprehensive analysis of ressentiment in the field of media communications. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the consideration of ressentiment in the context of media communication. By integrating the three aspects presented, the study expands our understanding of ressentiment in the space of media communications. This study examines the role of ressentiment as part of a shift in structural power relations, evidence of a crisis in interpersonal relationships and the inability of individuals to fully control their actions, offering insight into how media reports can shape public opinion and fuel political polarization in the modern communication landscape. In conclusion, it should be noted that this research article contributes to a broader understanding of ressentiment by analyzing its manifestations in the media communication space. Considering ressentiment in social networks, its mediatization in political contexts and representation in cinema, the study sheds light on the possibilities and limitations for future research in this area. The results of this study provide a valuable insight into how media communication forms and reinforces ressentiment, contributing to a deeper understanding of its impact on society and public discourse.
The text of mass communication in the modern media cultural space
Authors: Kuptsova Irina Aleksandrovna , Vladimirova Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: October 2024

The article presents an analysis of various theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the essence and content of modern mass culture, media culture, media text and media education. The key role of the axiological approach in the creation of media texts distributed by mass media is revealed. The structure of media texts is considered in the context of the value-semantic aspect of their creation and representation. Using the example of photography, the process of creating modern media texts and their role in the structure of mass communication is analyzed. Separately, the issue related to the development of artificial intelligence as a means of creating and replicating media products in the context of the dominance of new media was raised. Media education is presented as a system of training media professionals and ordinary users to interact in the context of digital media communications. The special role of the value approach in the formation of media professionals is noted. The methodology of the research is determined by an axiological approach in combination with a system-functional and semantic analysis of the stated problems. The main conclusions of the article are the following : 1. mass culture acts as a condition for the development of mass communication media and determines the nature and content of the media texts represented; 2. mass communication media form a global sphere - media space, which is characterized by transformational processes caused by the development of new media 3. texts of mass communication in the modern media space are created by both media professionals and users who do not have special training. At the same time, the share of content created without the participation of professionals dominates the media space; 4. Neural networks act as a new type of "authors" of media content, creating both text materials and visual content, the quality of which is rapidly improving, competing with professional materials; 5. Media education plays a key role in training not only media professionals, but also any user. It should be based on a value-semantic approach that determines the content of the created media materials and the choice of ways to distribute them.
Linguistic peculiarities of English civil aviation texts
Authors: Mel'dianova Anna Valer'evna , Bogdanovskii Grigorii Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

The current article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic features in English texts related to civil aviation. The subject of this research is the stylistic peculiarities of texts on civil aviation, which are achieved through certain language means. Research in the article is done on the basis of scientific and technical styles. From the point of view of linguistics, stylistics, grammar and vocabulary are considered in relation to scientific and technical literature. In the research, the author applied the following research methods : a descriptive method used to identify, interpret and classify linguistic means characteristic of the aviation texts, a contextual analysis method used to reveal the peculiarities of functioning of different means belonging to various language levels in scientific prose. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the conducted for the first time complex study of stylistic, lexical, morphological and syntactic features inherent to English-language texts on civil aviation. There are no monographic works devoted to this topic. The study, conducted in the article, revealed that English civil aviation texts are characterized by the presence of clearly defined causative-consecutive connections, as well as by accuracy, clarity, the author’s objective attitude to the facts, and the information richness of the material, which is expressed in the text with the help of various language means. These language means may not have direct correspondence in the translating language, thus cause difficulties when translating specialized texts, and require special professional skills of translators. Knowledge and mastery of these language tools will allow to feel competitive at the international market.