bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Ethnoscience Berorientasi Pembelajaran Teknologi Tepat Guna Pada Kelompok Guru Gugus Karangrejo Guna Menyiapkan Siswa Kompeten di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Rofi'i Ahmad , Budiprasojo Azamataufiq , Rachmanita Risse Entikaria , Prasetyo Dafid Ari
Published: January 2021

Salah satu upaya yang tengah dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah dengan meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam bidang pengajaran dan mengembangkan iklim keunggulan kompetitif serta terciptanya sumber daya manusia yang menguasai IPTEK adalah dengan memacu pendidikan yang berbasis teknologi dengan lingkungan sebagai sumber belajar. Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG) Gugus Karangrejo Kecamatan Sumbersari yang merupakanÂ  kelompok diskusi guru pendidikan dasar se wilayah kerja unit Karangrejo Kecamatan Sumbersari. Berbasarkan analisis situasi dari wawancara dan observasi diperoleh permasalahan yang dialami mitra antara lain guru kurang memiliki pengetahuan dalam merencanakan dan mengekplorasi ide/ gagasan inovasinya dalam pembelajaran melalui kegiatan aktif serta dituangkan melalui alat pembelajaran berorientasi teknologi tepat guna, tenaga guru kurang menguasai keluasan materi dan perkembangan teknologi masa kini, terutama materi yang dapat dieksplorasi dalam alat pembelajaran , tidak adanya pelatihan khusus untuk melatih keterampilan dan kompetensi berbasis teknologi tepat guna melalui alat pembelajaran. Solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan, pendampingan dan fasilitas pada mitra melalui tahapan survei, implementasi kegiatan hingga pelaksanaan evaluasi yang langsung berdampak pada mitra. Hasil diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian yaitu diperoleh banyak perubahan, mulai dari perubahan pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang penerapan ethnoscience yang dapat diterapkan melalui penggunaan alat teknologi tepat guna. Alat ini dihasilkan oleh guru melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan oleh tim sebagai pemateri, pendamping dan penilai serta memberikan konfermasi mengenai metode dan proses kerja yang tepat sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran secara efektif dan bermanfaat. Dari hasil wawancara dan observasi diperoleh bahwa penerapan ethnoscience dalam proses pembelajaran sangat bermanfaat dalam mengantarkan pemahaman siswa pada teknologi yang dilakukan secara langsung melalui alat teknologi tepat guna bahkan meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan mitra sehingga memberikan keyakinan untuk menerapkan lebih lanjutKata Kunci : Teknologi, Ethnoscience, Revolusi 4.0
Mesin Kristalisator Pembuatan Suplemen Pencegah Covid 19 di Desa Kemuning Lor, Jember
Authors: Irawan Andik , Tyagita Dicky Adi , Retnowati Naning
Published: January 2021

Kota Jember merupakan salah satu kota dengan tingkat pasien positif COVID 19 yang belum mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dengan berbagai media penularan yang tidak nampak, berbagai cara dilakukan untuk mencegah agar COVID 19 tidak menyebar dengan cepat. Beberapa cara pencegahan yakni dengan penyemprotan desinfektan, penggunaan saniter yang tepat, penggunaan suplemen herbal untuk pencegahan agar meningkatkan imun, dan pemantauan rutin diwilayah masing – masing. RT 5 Dusun Kopang Krajan Desa Kemunig Lor, Kecamatan Arjasa merupakan Desa binaan Politeknik Negeri Jember, arah pengembangan dari berbagai aspek diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada. Melalui Kelompok Bina Warga (KBW) kegiatan pengabdian ini menitik beratkan pada teknologi Mesin Kritalisator yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk membuat suplemen herbal yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan imun sehingga dapat mencegah penularan COVID 19. Sistem teknologi tersebut menggunakan metode pengaduk dengan motor penggerak, sumber pemanas berasal dari LPG. Saat ini dengan teknologi ini UKM KBW RT 5 sudah mengimplementasikan teknologi mesin kristalisator untuk membuat produk serbuk herbal berbahan jahe, kunyit merah dan berbagai bahan lain. Capaian target luaran berupa penerapan teknologi, aplikasi invensi, pemberdayaan wilayah tingkat KBW RT 5, dengan teknologi tersebut mampu memproduksi serbuk herbal mencapai 5-6kg perhari yang sebelumnya masih menggunakan cara konvensional dengan capaian kapasitas 2-3kg perhari. Dengan teknologi ini UKM tersebut mampu menghasilkan bubuk herbal dengan bahan baku rempah – rempah dengan hasil yang baik, kapasitas produksi meningkat dan keterampilan SDM meningkat.
Prediksi Stabilitas Mucroporin sebagai Kandidat Obat Berbasis Peptida melalui Simulasi Dinamika Molekular
Authors: Fakih Taufik Muhammad , Dewi Mentari Luthfika , Syahroni Eky
Published: January 2021

Beberapa peptida yang terkandung dalam racun kalajengking (Lychas mucronatus) menunjukkan beragam aktivitas biologis dengan spesifisitas tinggi terhadap target. Peptida ini memiliki efek potensial terhadap mikroba dan menunjukkan potensi untuk memodulasi berbagai mekanisme biologis yang terlibat dalam imunitas, saraf, kardiovaskular, dan penyakit neoplastik. Keragaman struktural dan fungsional yang penting dari peptida tersebut membuktikan bahwa peptida dari racun kalajengking dapat digunakan dalam pengembangan obat spesifik baru. Melalui penelitian ini akan dilakukan identifikasi, evaluasi, dan eksplorasi terhadap stabilitas peptida Mucroporin yang diproduksi dari racun kalajengking dengan menggunakan simulasi dinamika molekular. Sekuens molekul peptida Mucroporin dimodelkan dengan menggunakan server PEPstrMOD. Konformasi terbaik hasil pemodelan dipilih untuk diamati stabilitasnya dengan menggunakan software Gromacs 2016.3. Trajektori yang terbentuk kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan visulasiasi dengan menggunakan software VMD 1.9.4 serta dilakukan analisis grafik RMSD dan RMSF. Hasil analisis trajektori dari simulasi dinamika molekular membuktikan bahwa molekul peptida Mucroporin-S2 memiliki stabilitas yang paling baik. Dengan demikian, molekul peptida tersebut diprediksi dapat dipilih sebagai kandidat obat berbasis peptida.
A Legacy of Violence: The Lack of Transitional Justice in Post-Franco Spain and its Impact on Victimhood
Authors: Kolon Hunter
Published: January 2021

In order for a country to transform from a society in which rights were severely repressed to a society in which rights are respected and protected, the violations of the past must be properly and adequately addressed. However, instead of using the transition to democracy to confront the country’s history of violence and repression, the Spanish government and society actively stifled the memory of the Civil War and forty-year dictatorship, failing to address the country’s legacy of violence and the victims left in its wake. Despite the Spanish transition being regarded as a remarkable success story, an institutionalized historical amnesia resulted in many oppositional counter-memories as forms of cultural resistance. This paper will demonstrate how repressing memory left the door open for the legacy of political violence to persist in Spain. Prioritizing processes of transitional justice and historical memory is crucial in working toward sustainable peace in Spain and the Basque Region today. This paper will provide an overview of transitional justice and historical memory and an analysis of the impact of Spain’s lack of transitional justice, specifically regarding the politicization of victimhood. It is important to examine the implications of the pacto del olivido (pact of silence) and the 1977 Amnesty Law in rendering Franco’s victims invisible and in sustaining Spain’s legacy of political violence. Furthermore, this paper will explore how the Basque terrorist group, Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), carried on Spain’s legacy of political violence for another four decades following the end of the Franco dictatorship. The next section of this paper will analyze how the ‘memory boom’ of the early 2000s led to greater recognition of the victims of Francoism and to the passing of the 2007 Historical Memory Law. This analysis will show how the politicization of victimhood resulted in an inequity between the measures taken to recognize and protect different victims’ groups, subsequently providing more protection for victims of ETA violence. Overall, this paper contends that, in the case of Spain, a lack of transitional justice has perpetuated a long legacy of violence and a silencing of the victims of Francoism that remain unresolved.
High Turnover Frequency H2 Evolution Electrocatalysis at Low Acid Concentration Promoted by Bioinspired (NCS2)Ni(II) Complexes
Authors: Sinha Soumalya , Tran Giang N. , Na Hanah , Rath Nigam P. , Mirica Liviu M.
Published: January 2021

Electrochemical proton reduction to produce hydrogen is considered a sustainable approach to shift the fossil fuel-based energy production toward renewable energy sources. Although the development of molecular electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has gained significant attention, most of these molecular catalysts require either strong acids or often operate at high proton concentration to achieve high turnover. Herein, we report the synthesis and charcterization of two NiII complexes, [(N2S2)Ni(MeCN)2](OTf)2 (1•(OTf)2) and (NCHS2)Ni(OTf)2 (2) bearing bioinspired 3,7-dithia-1,5(2,6)-dipyridinacyclooctaphane (N2S2) and 3,7-dithia-1(2,6)-pyridina-5(1,3)-benzenacyclooctaphane (NCHS2) ligands, respectively, along with their electrochemical HER in a non-aqueous electrolyte. Our Ni complexes show high turnover frequencies greater than 200,000 s–1 in the presence of 0.043 M of trifluoroacetic acid with ≥1 M of water present. Under these electrochemical conditions, 2 exhibited 2.5-fold faster kinetics at 240 mV lower overpotential than that of 12+. Furthermore, 2 initiates electrochemical proton reduction at the potential where NiII/I redox couple occurs, whereas the similar HER electrocatalysis carried out by 12+ was observed at the potential for the NiI/0 redox couple. The electrochemical analysis revealed that 2 undergoes an uncommon HER mechanism proposed to involve a NiIII–hydride species – a typical pathway followed by [NiFe] hydrogenase enzymes, upon activating the C–H bond of the coordinating NCHS2 ligand, and the resulting organometallic Ni complex is proposed to be the active HER electrocatalyst. This organometallic Ni complex derivative, [(NCS2)Ni(MeCN)2]2+ (5) was synthesized independently and its performance for the HER supports the proposed HER mechanism for 2. Additionally, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed to probe the accessibility to NiI and NiIII species proposed as intermediates in the described HER mechanisms. Importantly, comparative catalytic Tafel plots were constructed to benchmark the HER activity of 12+ and 2 versus previously reported known Ni-based HER electrocatalysts. Overall, the organometallic (NCS2)Ni system reported below represents a novel bioinspired molecular HER electrocatalyst that exhibits a high turnover frequency and more closely resembles the NiI/NiIII HER mechanism proposed to pe operative in [NiFe] hydrogenases.
Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Center
Authors: Keerthana S  , Sanjeev Kumar Puri
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to assess the awareness of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients in a tertiary health care centre.  A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire on 115 diabetic patients. Male (76%) participated in the study were more than female (39%). Mean age of the study population being 50.44 years. There were no significant statistical associations between the demographic details and awareness of DR. In our study, 80.87% of people with diabetes were aware that DM could cause eye disease and 59.13% were aware that DR is an eye disease due to DM. There was a significant statistical association between them. The importance of regular eye visits was known by only 80% and followed by only 51.3%. Half of the subjects (52.17%) knew that DR could cause blindness. Only 57.39% knew about the treatment modalities of DR. Doctors should convey the importance of the disease and its risk factors to the patients. Thus, better prevention strategies of DR should be implemented among people with diabetes. Lack of awareness and lesser screening practices makes it difficult to prevent DR; thus, steps should be taken towards spreading awareness.
EVALUATION OF VERMICULITE APPLICATION RATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BRASSICA NAPUS (RAPE)
Authors: C Pisa , C Parwada , S Chiripanyanga , N Dunjana
Published: January 2021

Production of leaf vegetables requires intensive soil nutrients management. A 3-year field experiment was carried out to assess effects of vermiculite application rates on the growth and yield of Brassica napus. The experiment was conducted during the 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19 summer seasons at the Marondera University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (MUAST) farm, Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe. Vermiculite was applied at five levels of 0 (control), 1, 2, 5 and 10 t ha-1 in a completely randomised block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates. Basal and top-dressing fertilizers were applied using the recommended rates in the study area. The B. napus leaf width, leaf length, fresh and dry matter yield, leaf nutrient concentration and N and P uptake were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p = 0.05 was done to compare the effects of vermiculite application rates on growth and yield of B. napus. Growth parameters and yield of B. napus significantly (P <0.05) differed among the five levels of vermiculite. Application rates of 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 improved leaf width and length, fresh and dry matter yield of B. napus. Farmers may therefore apply 5 -10 t ha-1 of vermiculite in order to increase rape leaf yields. However, there is need for further researches to determine the optimum application rates of vermiculite are essential.
PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM MYRISTICA DACTYLOIDES GAERTN
Authors: Sathasivampillai Saravanan Vivekanandarajah , Rajamanoharan Pholtan Rajeev Sebastian , Varatharasan Sujarajini
Published: January 2021

Myristica dactyloides Gaertn. is an endemic plant species to Sri Lanka and it belongs to Myristicaceae family. M. dactyloides is a medicinal plant that is used to treat various illnesses in traditional medicine in Sri Lanka. There is no review published for M. dactyloides. Thus, this works aims summarize and present a comprehensive review including the phytochemistry of this plant species. This work would provide a foundation for further studying the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of M. dactyloides. Web of Science (an electronic database) was utilized to identify relevant published work. A sum of 21 compounds have been found in various parts of M. dactyloides belong to classes like arylalkanone and lignan. More compounds were identified from stem bark. Compounds including Malabaricone A have been identified in both seed and stem bark. On the other hand, this is no scientific evidence available for any pharmacological activity study for ethnomedical uses. This work provides a basis for further studying the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of this plant.
SURVEY PAPER ON IOT ATTACKS AND ITS PREVENTION MECHANISMS
Authors: Mohan Anand
Published: January 2021

IoT has turned into an amazing system of worldwide and worldwide changes, including numerous internet advisors, interchanges, and information trade. This paper presents state-of-the-art background, introduction, characteristics, challenges, threats, attacks, related work, and security architecture and research limitation of IoT technology. This paper discusses key security issues and attacks over different layers of IOT along with its existing prevention techniques. This paper deals with the security of services used in IoT. In detail, IoT devices are mentioned in this paper, which are the premise of IoT and their significance. In addition, IoT Security Architecture highlights some recent studies. This paper is far from comprehensive and mainly focuses on attacks and IoT devices prevention mechanism and covers related discussion and arguments.
ANALYSIS OF CROP YIELD PREDICTION USING FUZZY CLUSTERING TECHNIQUES
Authors:   Assistant Professor in Computer Science, Gobi Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu, India, Poornima K.A. , Dheepa Dr. G.
Published: January 2021

Nowadays the most important field in the real world is agriculture and it is the main occupation and backbone of our Indian economy. Agriculture data analysis is one of the latest drift research fields in data mining. Crop yield prediction is vital as it can support decision makers in agriculture zone. Data mining have modern techniques and algorithms for finding best yield prediction. This paper presents a brief comparative study on different views that deals with various performances used to figure out the different crop yield with less error rate. Fuzzy C-Means(FCM), Fuzzy logic (FL), Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS),Multiple Linear Regression(MLR), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) are used to survey out high accuracy and less error rate prediction capabilities.
CAPA, CONTRACAPA, FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA, SUMÁRIO - VOLUME 8, N. 3, DA REVISTA REAMEC
Authors: Wielewski Gladys Denise , Ribeiro Marcel Thiago Damasceno , Kalhil Josefina Barrera , Macêdo Cristiano da Silva , Brito Licurgo Peixoto de , Costa Dailson Evangelista , Lopes Thiago Beirigo
Published: January 2021

Neste documento apresentamos a Capa, Contracapa, Ficha Catalográfica e Sumário referente ao v. 8, n. 3, setembro-dezembro, 2020.
Evidence that maintaining optimal nutrition status for well-functioning immune system might promote recovery for mild COVID-19 patients
Authors: Jain Swati , Ranjan Sobhana
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 is a viral infectious disease caused by SARS-COV2. Its clinical signs and symptoms are on a broad spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to severe complications like multi-organ failure, thromboembolism, and severe pneumonia with respiratory failure. Worse outcomes and higher mortality rates have been reported in the elderly, people with co-morbidities, and malnourished individuals. Nutrition is fundamental to good health and immune function. It forms an integral component of treatment modalities for various acute and chronic diseases, especially where a causative treatment is not yet recognized. Taking into consideration the magnitude of demands this pandemic has posed on hospital resources, an orderly assessment of nutritional status and body composition may not be possible for critically ill and/or for patients with mild-moderate symptoms who are managing their illness at home. Adequate intake of various macro and micro-nutrients--energy, protein, fat, vitamins--A, B, C, D, E and minerals--iron, selenium, zinc, and copper, along with supportive health practices like hydration, meal consistency, frequency of meal consumption and physical activity, often ameliorate respiratory infections, in part by modulating the immune response. Though at present there is a lack of well-defined nutrition-based guidelines for COVID-19 patient care, this paper brings forward the existing relevant evidence base for caregivers and patients to use as a reference/guide.
Survivability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and quality attributes of puffed pounded-unripe rice supplemented with probiotics using a fluidized-bed coating method
Authors: Duangkhamchan W. , Itsaranuwat P.
Published: January 2021

Value-added breakfast cereals are receiving increased interest due to changes in lifestyles
and modern trends of health awareness among consumers. Among various cereal grains,
puffed pounded-unripe rice (PPUR) was chosen because of its excellent health beneficial
properties. Feasibility of supplementing the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus
(LA5) into PPUR was investigated using a fluidized-bed coating method. Suitable
fermentation conditions were tested based on a pH criterion of 4.5. Three types of cell
host solutions as sucrose, skim milk and maltodextrin were examined as suitable carriers,
and optimal coating condition was determined. Product qualities were evaluated for
stability. Results showed that milk fermented for 24 hrs gave the highest viable cell count
of approximately 109
to 1010 CFU/mL when optimally mixed with distilled water at milk:
water ratio of 45:105. Skim milk was determined as the most suitable host giving the
highest retention of LA5 cell count. Coating condition at a feed rate of 10 mL/min,
coating time of 5 mins and constant temperature at 50°C gave the highest survival rates of
LA5. Moisture contents and water activity (aw) values of all coated products ranged from
3.38-3.72% wb and 0.201-0.232, respectively. Regarding textural properties, coated PPUR
showed increased hardness and crispiness compared with uncoated samples, while the
variation of coating conditions had no significant effects. Dynamic changes in viable LA5
cell count, textural properties, aw, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid values fitted well
with various kinetic orders. Findings indicated the feasibility of adding probiotics to dry
products associated with suitable coating solution and offered guidance for product
development and process design.
The elastic recovery, ejection work, strength and dissolution of instant coffee tablet containing croscarmellose sodium disintegrant
Authors: N.S. Mohd Rosidi , Anuar M.S. , Tahir S.M.
Published: January 2021

Croscarmellose sodium disintegrant agent, commonly used in the pharmaceutical tablet
formulation was employed in the instant coffee tablet formulation. Various compositions
of croscarmellose sodium were added to the instant coffee tablet formulation; 20% w/w,
40% w/w, 60% w/w and 80% w/w respectively. These mixtures were then compacted
through the uniaxial die compaction process forming 1 g tablets having 13 mm diameters
each at various compaction pressures of 37.7 MPa, 75.4 MPa, 113.0 MPa and 150.7 MPa.
The ejection work done when ejecting the tablet from the die was calculated to represent
the frictional resistance to tablet motion during ejection. The tablet elastic recovery was
measured as a quantitative measure of the tablet physical dimensional stability.
Meanwhile, the mechanical strength, as well as the tablet dissolution, were also measured.
The results showed that the croscarmellose composition and the compaction pressure
affected all the studied tabletting properties. Generally, croscarmellose sodium increased
the tablet elastic recovery and lowered the tablet ejection work, tensile strength and
dissolution time in experimental conditions employed in this work. However, the extent of
the croscarmellose sodium influence was clearly dependent upon the compaction
pressures used for instant coffee tablet formation.
Phytochemical content, antioxidant activity and mineral elements of honey produced by four different species of Malaysian stingless bees
Authors: Maringgal B. , Hashim N. , Tawakkal I.S.M.A. , Mohamed M.T.M. , Hamzah M.H.
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the phytochemical composition of honey from four species of
Malaysian stingless bee i,e. Tetragonula laeviceps, Geniotrigona thoracica, Lepidotrigona
terminata, as well as Heterotrigona itama. The measured phytochemical composition was
total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, pH,
colour intensity, and mineral element analysis i.e. Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Zinc
(Zn), Potassium (K), and Sodium (Na). The production of honey by the L. terminata had
the highest TPC value (6.74±0.57 mg GAE/100 g FW) while the T. laeviceps possesses
the highest TFC value (14.85±3.71 mg QE/100 g FW). In the antioxidant activity
measurement, honey from the H. itama obtained the highest percentage of 1,1-diphenyl-2-
picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition (29.52±0.45%) and honey from T. laeviceps displayed
the highest value in the Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) analysis (0.95±0.013
abs). The four distinct stingless bee species’ colour intensity demonstrated the variation of
colour intensity in the range of 0.09-0.23 abs mAU. All honey obtained the pH values
(4.75-5.03) within the acidic medium. Mg is the major mineral element in all honey
samples which is followed by Na, Ca, K, and Zn.
Optimization of palm oil extraction from decanter cake using Soxhlet extraction and effects of microwaves pre-treatment on extraction yield and physicochemical properties of palm oil
Authors: Ong T.H. , Hamzah M.H. , Che Man H.
Published: January 2021

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to study the optimum condition of
palm oil extraction from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using Soxhlet extraction and nhexane as solvent. The main objective of this study was to achieve maximum oil
extraction by determining the optimum of two parameters such as reaction time and solid
to solvent ratio. The optimum parameters were found to be at 4.92 hrs of reaction time and
solid to solvent ratio of 1:10. The proposed model shows R2
value of 0.78 where the
experimental parameters were significant to the result. The optimized data was employed
for comparison of oil yield for OPDC without and with microwave pre-treatment. OPDC
with microwave pre-treatment yielded 3.289±0.047 g of palm oil which was higher than
OPDC without microwave pre-treatment which yielded only 3.107±0.085 g of palm oil.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis also revealed the abundance of
C-H alkene stretch and C=O stretch, two major functional groups indicated the presence
of fatty acid within the palm oil derived from both samples. Scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) of decanter cake provided evidence that the OPDC with pre-treatment has more
shrinkage on the surface after Soxhlet extraction compared to OPDC without pretreatment. Results of this study revealed that RSM helps to optimize parameters in
agricultural processing.
Development of smartphone-based imaging techniques for the estimation of chlorophyll content in lettuce leaves
Authors: Ibrahim N.U.A. , Abd Aziz S. , Jamaludin D. , Harith H.H.
Published: January 2021

Leaf color is a good indicator of plant’s health status. In this study, a new image
acquisition technique was developed to estimate chlorophyll content of lettuce leaves. The
images of lettuce leaves grown under artificial light were acquired using a smartphone.
Leaves images was captured by directly attached the leaves to the camera lens with the aid
of background illumination from SMD LED. Red, green, blue (RGB) color indices were
extracted from leaves color images and some vegetation indices were also calculated.
Then, the correlation between these indices and chlorophyll content obtained from SPAD502 chlorophyll meter were evaluated. Significant correlation was found between all the
image indices and chlorophyll content with the R2 ranging from 0.63 to 0.85 except for G
and B indices from RGB component. Highly significant correlation was found between
vegetation indices (VI) and chlorophyll content (R2
= 0.85) with the lowest root mean
square error (RMSE) of 8.07 g of chlorophyll/100 g fresh tissue. This demonstrated that
the chlorophyll content of lettuce leaves can be successfully estimated using regular
smartphone with added background light illumination from SMD LED.
Membrane-based clarification of banana juice: pre-treatment effect on the flux behaviour, fouling mechanism and juice quality attributes
Authors: Yee W.P. , Nor M.Z.M. , Basri M.S.M. , Roslan J.
Published: January 2021

The processing of banana into clarified juice provides an alternative in the beverages
market, but further exploration of the related processing is required. Hence, this study
investigated the pre-treatment effect during the membrane-based process on the flux
behaviour, fouling mechanism and banana juice quality attributes. Observation on juice
viscosity was done after the crude banana juice was pre-treated with 0.1 – 0.5% pectinase.
Both pectinase-treated and untreated banana juices were then subjected to an ultrafiltration
process using a 100 kDa dead-end polyethersulfone membrane to clarify the juice. This
study found a 50-55% viscosity reduction of the banana juice after the pre-treatment, with
no significant difference in terms of the pectinase concentrations. Pre-treatment of the
banana juice prior to ultrafiltration also have improved the permeate flux by 65.5%
compared to the untreated sample. Based on the fitting of several fouling models, cake
layer formation on the entire surface of the membrane was identified as the main cause of
the membrane fouling and flux deterioration. The ultrafiltration process has significantly
improved the juice turbidity, total soluble solid and colour, at a stable pH, indicating the
success of the clarification process.
Mass modelling of pepper berries (Piper nigrum L.) with some physical
properties
Authors: Azman P.N.M.A. , Shamsudin R. , Che Man H. , Ya'acob M.E.
Published: January 2021

The determination of correlations between mass with its physical properties such as
dimensions, volume and projected area is crucial in the design and development of some
post-harvest processing. In this study, the physical properties were measured, and the
mass of Kuching pepper berries variety was predicted in four models including Linear,
Quadratic, S-curve and Power. Thus, the study was aimed to determine the most
applicable model for predicting pepper berry mass with their physical properties and
determine some physical properties of pepper berries to form essential and useful
information. The results showed that mass modelling based on the actual volume of
pepper berries was more applicable compared to other properties with the highest
determination coefficient, 0.995 at 1% probability level. From the economic standpoint,
predicting mass based on actual volume as Quadratic form: M = 0.828 - 0.015X + 7.376 x
10-5X
2
is recommended. This study can be applied for improvement in handling and
packaging system in future.
Dantiscum septentrionis, occidentis et totius orbis hodie emporium frequentissimum. Ægidius Dickmans großes Panorama von Danzig von 1617
Authors: Larsson Lars Olof
Published: January 2021

Nieco ponad sto lat temu w Bibliotece Królewskiej w Sztokholmie odkryto Wielką Panoramę Gdańska z 1617 r. Praca o dumnie brzmiącym tytule: DANTISCUM SEPTENTRIONIS; OCCIDENTIS ET TOTIUS ORBIS HODIE EMPORIUM FREQUENTISSIMUM jest drukowaną z siedmiu płyt akwafortą o nietypowej wielkości (53,7 × 258 cm). Grafika sygnowana jest „Aegidius Dickman Gedanensis fecit et excudebat 1617”, co oznacza, że autor w inskrypcji nazywa siebie gdańszczaninem, twórcą dzieła i jego wydawcą.

Nie są znane inne odbitki tej weduty. Zachowała się natomiast seria 14 Widoków Gdańska PRAECIPUOR LOCORUM ET AEDIFICIORUM QUAE IN URBE DANTISCANA VISUNTUR ADUMBRACIO, sygnowana przez Dickmana i datowana na 1617 r. Oba dzieła powstały prawdopodobnie w Gdańsku. Dickman wykonując tak dużą panoramę miasta, liczył zapewne na profity w przyszłości. Niestety, rok później na jego drodze stanął amsterdamski wydawca Pieter van der Keere, kopiując jego wedutę. Dickman, co wiemy ze źródeł, udał się w 1624 r. do Holandii, prawdopodobnie specjalnie po to, by przeciwstawić się takiemu procederowi. W Amsterdamie spotkał słynnego grafika i wydawcę – Claesa Jansza Visschera, i nawiazał z nim współpracę. W 1625 r. Visscher opublikował nowe wydanie 14 Widoków Gdańska Dickmana. Na ten sam rok może być datowana druga edycja Wielkiej Panoramy Gdańska wydana przez Visschera. Wcześniej uważano ją za kopię akwaforty Dickmana, ale wiele wskazuje na to, że została ona odbita, podobnie jak 14 Widoków Gdańska, z oryginalnych płyt Dickmana, a więc w porozumieniu z nim. Panorama wydana przez Visschera jest nieco mniejsza od pierwszej weduty Dickmana ze względu na fakt, że pominięto na niej wioskę Szkoty na południu miasta.

Głównym celem tekstu jest uchwycenie osobliwości Wielkiej Panoramy Gdańska autorstwa Dickmana na tle holenderskich widoków miast z tego okresu, przy jednoczesnym zwróceniu uwagi na jej niezwykłą oryginalność. Służą temu porównania z kopią van der Keere’a i edycją weduty opublikowaną przez Visschera. Zależało mi również na dokładniejszym zbadaniu niektórych, nieuwypuklonych wcześniej aspektów weduty, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do sztafażu na pierwszym planie i alegorii w partii nieba.
Pomnik i jego otoczenie. Przyczynek do dziejów budowy pomnika Adama Mickiewicza w Krakowie
Authors: Lameński Lechosław
Published: January 2021

Unveiled in 1898, the Adam Mickiewicz Monument in Cracow was the work of Teodor Rygier; meanwhile, it was Tadeusz Stryjeński who laid out its vicinity. The architect designed a whole made of three components, the main of them being a granite and porphyry ornamental belt that went in a circle round the base of the pedestal with symmetrically placed heraldic motifs of lilies and eight-pointed stars, these followed by twelve granite-hewn posts joined by chains forming a circle, and four decorative gas lampposts (candelabra) placed outside the belt. The monument and its surroundings survived intact until the outbreak of WW II. In 1940, the whole was destroyed by the Nazis. The Monument was reconstructed following the end of the war, in 1955, however without its genuine vicinity; the latter, slightly modified, was restored only in 2007, during the yet subsequent reconstruction of the Main Market Square surface.
Effect of Ammonium on the Hydraulic Conductivity of Kaolin and Bentonite as Clay Liners
Authors: Adekunle Adebola Adebayo , Tobit Igba Uvieoghene , Gbemiga Ogunrinola Oluwaseyi
Published: January 2021

: Landfill liners are underlying materials with low permeability whose main function is to mitigate the infiltration of toxic contents into ground water lying beneath. Landfill liners are primarily made of bentonite clay. Bentonite has a very low hydraulic conductivity, that might not be readily accessible, unlike kaolin which is found to have a lower hydraulic conductivity compared to that of bentonite and can be extensively obtained from numerous different sources. Explored, for the purposes of the present research paper, were various ratios of bentonite and kaolin and their hydraulic conductivity, in particular ratios of 90:10 kaolin to bentonite, 80:20 kaolin to bentonite, 70:30 kaolin to bentonite, 60:40 kaolin to bentonite and 50:50 kaolin to bentonite in an effort to achieve an acceptable barrier suitable as a liner / where tap water and ammonium solution were used as permeants. It was concluded that the ratios not lower than 20% bentonite (80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50) all had their hydraulic conductivity value reduced compared to the 100% kaolin.
Mechanical Testing of Recycled HDPE Extruded Hollow Section
Authors: Wheatley Greg , Sandeepa Chandrasiri Rendage Sachini
Published: January 2021

High density polyethylene (HDPE) is a thermoplastic polymer which is classified as one of the highly consumed types of plastics. One major advantage of thermoplastic materials is their ability of recycling and reprocessing which will bring considerable economicand environmental benefits. The present paper, therefore, endeavours to explore the practical possibility of using recycled HDPE hollow section as a replacement of virgin HDPE made by the extrusion process. The main focus of the study was to evaluate the mechanical performance of the recycled HDPE and compare the results with virgin or non-recycled HDPE.  The modulus of elasticity, tensile yield and ultimate strength, compressive yield and ultimate strength, flexural yield and ultimate strength and the coefficient of thermal expansion were the main parameters to be checked against the respective mechanical properties. Thus, pursuant to the rsults, it was found out  that the modulus of elasticity and the tensile yield strength are lower in recycled HDPE compared to the non-recycled HDPE. However, there is no significant difference between the recycled and non-recycled HDPE for the tensile ultimate strength, compressive yield strength and compressive ultimate strength. The flexural yield strength and flexural ultimate strength properties of the recycled HDPE proved to be superior to those of the non-recycled HDPE. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the recycled HDPE sample was 130 μm/(m.°C) and that for the non-recycled HDPE was 142 μm/(m.°C).
EVALUATION OF CORPORATE DIGITAL ANNUAL REPORTING
Authors: Singh Walia Harpreet
Published: January 2021

Corporate reporting process has undergone a complete makeover in the recent times. It has affected companies and stakeholders in the most positive way as ever. Emergence of digital annual reporting is also one of the paramount changes that is slowly taking the place of old traditional printed annual reports. Nowadays many companies are using digital annual reporting as an effective medium to distribute its annual reports to the stakeholders. Digital annual reporting use the electronic coupled with internet medium for fast and cost-effective corporate reporting. The benefits are much more than the cost of this new generation method. Hence now many companies understand the significance of digital annual reporting and are trying to embed the medium as an essential part of their reporting practices. But this medium is also not free from defects and shortcomings. In this article a brief evaluation of digital annual reporting is being done to find out the various benefits and limitations of using digital annual reporting by the corporate companies.
IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS
Authors: Chachar Zaid , Chachar N. A. , Chachar Q.I. , Mujtaba S.M , Chachar G.A , Chachar Sadaruddin
Published: January 2021

Climate change is emerging phenomena and causing frequent drought which lead to scaricity of water, which ultimately nagetively affecting wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) yield all around the world. The aim of this study was to explore the potential deought tolerant wheat genotypes for candidate genes exploration. This study was conducted during the year 2014-2015 at Plant Physiology Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam. The six wheat genotypes (cv. MT-1/13, MT-2/13, MT-3/13, MT-4/13 Chakwal-86 and Khirman) were investigated for their response at germination and seedling stage under different water stress treatments (0, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) in controlled conditions. The results of experiments with reference to genotypes revealed that genotype Chakwal-86 shows maximum seed germination (82.58 %), while the genotype Khirman shows maximum shoot length  (7.23 cm), root length  (15.1 cm), shoot fresh wt. (5.85 g 10-1shoots), root fresh wt.  (3.45 g 10-1roots), shoot dry wt. (1.33 g 10-1shoots), root dry wt. (0.69 g 10-1roots). Among the genotypes tested Khirman and MT-4/13 are the tolerant genotypes had the potential to perform better under drought conditions, whereas  MT-4/13 and Chakwal-86 were moderate tolerant under water stress conditions. Moreover, the genotypes i.e. MT-1/13 and MT-2/13 are the sensitive genotypes under drought environment. It is concluded from present in-vitro studies that osmotic stress significantly reduced the seed germination shoot/root length fresh and dry weight in all six wheat genotypes. The maximum reduction was found at higher osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000 (-1.0 MPa) significantly.
HEALTH EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION THROUGH ART
Authors: Pandey Anjali
Published: January 2021

Health Education promotes the people to adopt the healthy life style. It facilitates the accurate information of medical facilities and new medical discoveries. It motivates the people to resolve problems for themselves and develops the attitude toward health care. The purpose of health education is to transmit the information to the people and encourage them for active involvement in planning and maintenance of their health.
ASSESMENT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Tripathi Himanshu
Published: January 2021

There is a need to find out the association between school-based physical activity, including physical education and academic performance among school-aged youth. To better understand these connections, this research paper first finds out the independent variables upon which academic performance depends. Study is from a range of physical activity contexts, including school-based physical education, recess, classroom-based physical activity and extracurricular physical activity. In his attempt researcher studied 120 students from 04 CBSE schools of Bikaner District, Rajasthan. He uses Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) to find out physical activity performance of students, examination/ test scores to find out the academic achievement and stroopcolour word task to find out the academic performance which includes cognitive dimension also.
STOCK MARKET INVESTORS MECHANICS AND THEIR BLUNDERS
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Sajjan Rohini
Published: January 2021

Investment mistakes happen for a multitude of reasons, including the fact that decisions made under conditions of uncertainty that are irresponsibly downplayed by market gurus and institutional spokespersons.  Losing money on an investment may not be the result of a mistake, and not all mistakes result in monetary losses. But errors occur when judgment is unduly influenced by emotions, when the basic principles of investing are misunderstood, and when misconceptions exist about how securities react to varying economic, political, and hysterical circumstances. Proper planning and using of techniques, strategies can come as rescue to the investor and help in reaping profits and avoiding the blunders that are commonly observed. The paper investigates the basis for investment patter by the investor, their techniques and strategies adopted and guidelines to be followed to avoid the common blunders made by them leading to fewer losses they would face otherwise.
A STUDY OF THE ATTITUDE OF CUSTOMERS AND AGENTS TOWARDS THE PROPOSED INCREASE OF FDI IN THE INSURANCE SECTOR IN CHENNAI METROPOLIS
Authors: K Venkataramani , Kumar R.Mohan , Brindha G.
Published: January 2021

This paper describes a study of the attitude of Chennai based consumers and agents towards the proposed increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The study focuses on the impact of FDI in insurance as perceived by both the customers and agents in terms of viability, service, benefits, and overall benefits vis-a-vis existing scene. A quantitative survey was conducted with a special measuring tool specifically devised for this study. The sample group consisted of Chennai based insurance customers and agents. The results indicated that the customers welcomed the increase in FDI for they perceived better and quicker service, better options, and professionalism in insurance transactions.
Asesoría Educativa en el Ecuador: campos de tensión
Authors: Vallejo-Villacís Gustavo
Published: January 2021

La asesoría educativa en el Ecuador emerge en el año 2013 como una función que reemplaza a la supervisión escolar. Prácticamente no existen estudios o análisis sobre esta importante función dentro del sistema organizacional del Ministerio de Educación. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir y relacionar los campos de tensión que existen en la gestión de la asesoría educativa. Los campos de tensión son aquellas situaciones de la asesoría educativa en las que se pueden encontrar dos extremos de interpretación. Para establecer los aspectos esenciales del estudio se realizó una investigación documental y una encuesta voluntaria a 30 asesores. Los campos de tensión son identificados con los siguientes criterios: requerimientos del sistema, intencionalidad, contexto, ámbito, enfoque, característica y permanencia. Se analiza antinómicamente:  nivel central–nivel local, control–cambio educativo, escuelas iguales–escuelas diferentes, acompañamiento–evaluación, paradigma cualitativo–paradigma cuantitativo, verticalidad–horizontalidad y desaparición–estabilidad. La conclusión principal es que el nivel central predomina sobre el nivel institucional educativo en los aspectos pedagógicos y administrativos. Se define que es posible lograr equilibrios entre los diferentes campos de tensión identificados.  También que la asesoría educativa es el equipo humano que puede lograr este balance a través de su gestión técnica de alto nivel y experticia. La prospección es que los decisores políticos del sistema afiancen la asesoría junto con su función complementaria que es la auditoría educativa.
Porównanie różnych metod odzysku metali z odpadowych płytek drukowanych
Authors: BEDEKOVIĆ Gordan , PREMUR Vitomir , IVIĆ Anđela
Published: January 2021

Szybki rozwój technologii, podwyższenie standardu życia i dostępność na rynku to główne przyczyny szybszego starzenia się urządzeń elektronicznych. Każde urządzenie elektroniczne zawiera płytki drukowane, które są cennym źródłem metalu. W pracy przedstawio-no wyniki wstępnych badań możliwości zastosowania różnych metod przeróbki surowców w recyklingu zużytych obwodów drukowa-nych. W tych wstępnych badaniach wykorzystano wzbogacalnik grawitacyjne (stół wstrząsany i wzbogacalnik spiralny Humphreya), separację elektrostatyczną i separację magnetyczną na mokro, uzyskane wyniki przedstawiono w artykule.
Monitorowanie zanieczyszczenia środowiska za pomocą cienkich elektrod metalowych przygotowanych przez fizyczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej
Authors: BRIANČIN Jaroslav , KOLCUNOVÁ Iraida , DOLNÍK Bystrík , KURIMSKÝ Juraj , DŽMURA Jaroslav , CIMBALA Roman , FABIÁN Martin
Published: January 2021

Artykuł dotyczy monitorowania zanieczyszczenia środowiska za pomocą cienkich elektrod metalowych na szklanych/ceramicznych podłożach przygotowanych przez fizyczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej. Widomym jest, że zanieczyszczenie środowiska odpadami izo-lacji elektrycznej jest jednym z problemów, przed którymi stoją firmy dystrybucyjne i system przesyłu energii elektrycznej. Z tego powodu istnieje potrzeba monitorowania zanieczyszczenia środowiska, ponieważ ma to duży wpływ niezawodność sieci wysokiego napięcia i jej awaryjność. Celem przedstawionych prac jest zaproponowanie nowego systemu monitorowania zanieczyszczenia śro-dowiska w oparciu o zastosowanie bardzo cienkich elektrod metalowych. Omówiono także wpływ morfologii i składu chemicznego zanieczyszczeń na rezystancję powierzchniową i przewodnictwo wybranych izolatorów.
Ograniczanie degradacji środowiska spowodowanej działalnością wydobywczą węgla odkrywkowego
Authors: GOLDAN Tudor , NISTOR Catalin Marian , MATEI Aronel , MARU Dimian
Published: January 2021

W wyniku wydobycia wyróżnia się wiele rodzajów zmian: degradacja gruntów i roślinności, zmiana naturalnej topografii, co powoduje ograniczenia możliwości wykorzystania gruntów do innych celów, modyfikację bilansu i jakości wód powierzchniowych i gruntowych, zmiany jakość powietrza i wreszcie zmiany warunków geotechnicznych.Oddziaływanie różni się w zależności od lokalnych warunków miejsca wydobycia. Większość metod eksploatacji odkrywkowej odbywa się na dużą skalę, polega na usuwaniu ogromnych ilości materiału, w tym nadkładu, w celu wydobycia surowca mineralnego.Ponieważ materiały składowane na składowiskach odpadów są niejednorodne pod względem właściwości fizyczno-chemicznych i sąniezwykle zróżnicowane pod względem składu mineralogicznego (piasek, żwir, glina, margiel), z czasem pojawiło się wiele niestabilności. Eksploatacja odkrywkowa może również powodować hałas i zakłócenia oraz może generować zanieczyszczenie powietrzapyłem.