bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis on the Protection of Property Rights and the Intellectual Property Rights: a Pak-Chinese Legal Perspective
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Gen Li Lu , Ali Majid , Asif Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Intellectual property rights (IPRs) always drive invention and creativeness. It also creates new employment and makes you more competitive. Intellectual property rights protect and benefit the work of writers, artists, designers, discoverers, and other IPR users while they are being used by others. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) help protect ideas and creative works developed by inventors, designers, developers, and writers. After all, protecting intellectual property is one of the major challenges for both developed and developing nations. There are numerous international laws that protect intellectual property. International law employs several guidelines and recommendations to confirm the protection of intellectual property. In addition, most countries have intellectual property laws. Maximum countries have their own legislative powers to protect their intellectual property rights. But if not done properly, all these international and domestic intellectual property laws will be valueless. The legal system that China and Pakistan follow to protect their intellectual property is very similar to the legal system of developed countries but also has some main variances. This research paper attempts to examine the assessment of IPR protection in China and Pakistan. This research paper also describes IPR protection procedures in China and Pakistan. In addition, this article initiates a comparison of international IPR indexes to demonstrate and describe the variances in IPR protection assessments. This article also lists and describes the various factors that influence the lack of proper protection of property and intellectual property rights in both countries.
Storia della Svizzera. Nuova mostra permanente al Museo nazionale di Zurigo
Authors: Tonella Denise
Published: June 2022

The new permanent exhibition on the history of Switzerland at the National Museum in Zurich covers an area of 1 000 m2 and uses almost 1 000 objects to illustrate the development of Switzerland over the last 550 years. The exhibition begins at the end of the Middle Ages and ends with the challenges facing Switzerland today. The offer for schools is free of charge and includes specially developed guided tours, worksheets and an independent tour on a tablet dedicated to the formation of the modern Federal State and direct democracy.
L'Etat fédéral et la discrimination des juifs suisses et étrangers : analyse d'un processus politique de création et d'abolition de l'altérité (1848-1874)
Authors: Humair Cédric
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to understand why people of the Jewish faith suffered many forms of discrimination in Switzerland between 1848 and 1874. In contradiction with the liberal and secular principles of the Federal state’s designers, certain rights were reserved for the Christian population in the 1848 constitution. An alterity has thus been built within the Swiss nation itself. Removed during the revisions of 1866 and 1874, in response to strong external pressure, these provisions were rooted in a breeding ground of anti-Semitic prejudices.
"In meinem Schulzimmer sind oft bis zwölf Nationen versammelt": schulischer Unterricht zu "Migration" als pädagogische Praxis der Differnzmarkierung
Authors: Sperisen Vera , Affolter Simon
Published: June 2022

Following a subject-oriented approach, teachers predominantly focus on the students’ familial migration biographies in their teaching practice on the topic of migration. Even though the teachers are pretending an anti-racist debate based on fundamental rights, this approach tends to trigger and to reproduce hegemonic orders of belonging without reflection. The article deals with this discrepance of intension and practice and addresses the question of alternative approaches to critically dispute hegemonic orders of belonging in schools.
Pelatihan Menghitung Laba Dan Rugi Usaha Sederhana Untuk Pengajuan Bantuan Usaha UMKM Dikelurahan Kenten
Authors: Sari Rafika , Pebriani Reni Aziatul
Published: June 2022

Abstract: During the current pandemic, small businesses are the things that affect the economy the most and are the center of attention from the local government, coconut shell processing businesses, and Palembang cake-making businesses, the government through banks and social services provides assistance to support small business letter requirements and business prospects. which is judged by profits and losses, especially during the pandemic, that we from the Indo Global Mandiri University are training small entrepreneurs and small businesses to be able to see business prospects and calculate business profit and loss to apply for business assistance to children who have been appointed by the government or other social services, Prospects business is assessed from sales turnover, costs, and profit and loss obtained by a business in terms of supporting and supporting the progress of small businesses Uigm community service Training in calculating operating profits, transactions, and existing business expenses so that business development and the amount of assistance and loans can be proposed n by business actors, this activity went smoothly and business actors were enthusiastic in participating in the training in the hope that they could apply for assistance or credit for business developmentKeywords: business profit and loss; kenten village; umkmAbstract: Pada masa pandemi saat ini usaha kecil menjadi hal yang paling mempengaruhi perekonomian dan menjadi pusat perhatian dari pemerintah sekitar, usaha kecil dikeluarahan kenten meliputi usaha makanan, usaha pengolahan batok kelapa, dan usaha pembuatan kue kue palembang, pemerintah melalui perbankan dan dinas sosial memberikan bantuan demi menopang usaha kecil dan menegah dengan persyaratan surat keterangan usaha dan prospek usaha yang dinilai dari laba dan rugi usaha terutama dimasa pandemi untuk itu kami dari universitas indo global mandiri mengadakan pelatihan untuk pengusaha kecil di sekirar keluarahan kenten untuk dapat melihat prosepek usaha dan menghitung laba rugi usaha untuk mengajukan bantuan usaha padaank yang telah ditunjuk oleh pemerintah maupun dinas sosial lainya, Prospek usaha dinilai dari Omset penjualan, biaya, dan laba rugi yang diperoleh suatu usaha dalam hal menunjang serta menopang kemajuan usaha kecil tim pengabdian masyakat Uigm memberikan Pelatihan dalm hal menghitung laba usaha, transaksi dan beban usaha yang ada sehingga prospek perkembangan usaha dan jumlah bantuan maupun pinjaman dapat diajukan oleh para pelaku usaha, Kegiatan ini berjalan dengan lancar dan para pelaku usaha antusias dalam mengikuti pelatihan denga harapan dapat mengajukan bantuan maupun pinjaman untuk perkembangan usahanya .Keywords: kelurahan kenten; laba rugi usaha; umkm
Utilization Of The Merdeka Teaching Application With Belajar.Id Account
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Afandi Adi Mas
Published: June 2022

Abstract: SMP Negeri 7 Kisaran is a school with a driving status focused on developing student learning outcomes holistically. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is not over, learning activities must still be carried out. The Ministry of Education and Culture issued a breakthrough learning innovation that became its own attraction during the pandemic, namely the belajar.id account that allows one learning account that can access various digital learning flatforms. One of the flatforms supported by belajar.id on this devotion is the Merdeka Mengajar Application. The purpose of this PKM activity is about the use of flatform belajar.id so that it can be optimized as it should be. The result of this devotion gets some shortcomings in the independent teaching application, starting from the class can not be removed and assessments are only obtained from the ministry of education and culture, so that the expectations of teachers in the latest version of some of these features are available and other assessments can vary.      Keywords: account; belajar.id; learning; kemendikbud; media.  Abstrak: SMP Negeri 7 Kisaran merupakan sekolah dengan status penggerak berfokus pada pengembangan hasil belajar siswa secara holistik. Meski pandemi COVID-19 belum berakhir, Kegiatan pembelajaran harus tetap dilakukan. Kemdikbud mengeluarkan terobosan inovasi belajar yang menjadi daya tarik sendiri disaat pandemi yaitu akun belajar.id yang mengizinkan satu akun pembelajaran yang dapat mengakses berbagai flatform pembelajaran digital. Salah satu flatform yang didukung oleh belajar.id pada pengabdian ini yaitu Aplikasi Merdeka Mengajar. Tujuan dari kegiatan PKM ini tentang pemanfaatan flatform belajar.id agar dapat dioptimalkan sebagaimana mestinya. Hasil dari pengabdian ini mendapatkan beberapa kekurangan pada aplikasi merdeka mengajar, dimulai dari kelas tidak dapat dihapus dan assesmen hanya diperoleh dari kemdikbud, sehingga harapan guru pada versi terbaru beberapa fitur tersebut tersedia dan assesmen lainnya dapat bervariasi.Kata kunci: akun; belajar.id; media; kemendikbud; pembelajaran
Illustration of alcohol use in classical Farsi-Dari (Persian) literature
Authors: Shahpesandy Homayun
Published: June 2022

Alcohol has been known to people of Central Asia for millennia, and in line with local mythology, wine was used as an anaesthetic for the Caesarean birth of the mythical hero Rostam. In classical Farsi-Dari (Persian) literature, the term alcohol and/or wine is used in two different contexts; firstly, as an allegory; referring to a ‘divine wine’ and as a source of spiritual intoxication bringing the consumer closer to his Creator. This school of thoughts is symbolised by Rumi and Sufi poets; secondly, as a source of physical intoxication, bringing the drinker happiness and the ability to forget about everyday concerns. This school of opinions is represented by Khayyam and Manuchehri. From a religious point of view, alcohol is described as “the mother of all evil”. Nevertheless, there are also a lot of those, who praise wine for its hypnotic properties describing it as ‘a remedy for sleepless nights’, or for its anxiolytic characteristics, ‘taking away worries and bringing peace to one’s mind’; and notably for its antidepressant effects declaring ‘there is nothing better than wine to banish sadness’. The aim of this paper is to review Persian literature of Central Asia and neighbouring regions between the 10th and 14th centuries with the focus on alcohol and its illustration in the works of influential authors of the period, including Rudaki, Manuchehri, Khayyam, Rumi, Hafez, etc.
Predictors of personal accomplishment among the professionals working in community mental health settings
Authors: Makris Dimitrios , Alikari Victoria , Zyga Sofia , Tsironi Maria , Patelarou Athina , Platis Charalampos , Theofilou Paraskevi
Published: June 2022

Background: Community mental health professionals experience personal accomplishment as a result of emotional stressors and deficiency of perceived personal accomplishment. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of personal accomplishment, their correlation with the levels of social support and psychological disorders, and whether social support and psychological disorders can act as factors of personal accomplishment among professionals working in community mental health settings. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2018, 80 professionals working in community mental health settings from the Association for Regional Development and Mental Health completed three scales: the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and the subscale “Personal Accomplishment” of the scale Maslach Burnout Inventory to measure social support, psychological disorders, and personal accomplishment, respectively. The technique of convenience sampling was applied. The statistical analysis was performed via the IBM statistical package for the social sciences version 22.0. The statistical significance level was set up at 0.05. Results: The levels of personal accomplishment were low (Mean: 9.85, Standard Deviation: 5.9). No statistically significant effect of social support and psychological disorders on personal accomplishment was revealed among professionals working in community mental health settings. However, a statistically significant effect of “Social Dysfunction” (F = 4.564, p = 0.036)—as a dimension of psychological disorders—on personal accomplishment was found. Also, low correlations between Personal Accomplishment and the dimensions of GHQ-28 “Social Dysfunction” (r = 0.235, p = 0.018) and “Severe Depression” (r = 0.202, p = 0.036) were observed. Conclusions: Personal accomplishment does not seem to be influenced by social support or psychological disorders. However, social dysfunction seems to have a significant impact on personal accomplishment. Therefore, further research should be conducted in order to investigate potential buffering coping mechanisms of personal accomplishment, and in turn, burnout among mental health professionals.
Improving Breastfeeding Supports in the United States: Exploring Convenience, Moments of Parental Savoring, and Cultivating Connection
Authors: Soule Katherine E
Published: June 2022

The act of breastfeeding often dissects private and public life, allowing for intimate moments between parent and child in public spaces. The existing tensions are between the lack of social acceptance for breastfeeding and the emphasis on breastfeeding’s health benefits. The impact of these tensions comes to life when considering that, of babies born in 2018 across the United States, only 24.9% of infants were exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life [1], which is more than 11% less than rates across the world [2]. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology and the public health Socio-Ecological Model, the study discussed contributes to the small body of research that examines parental emotions, positive moods, perceived stress, and enhanced mental health benefits. The study explores parents’ positive breastfeeding experiences as something more than an act of nourishment or cultural construct. The findings center parents’ enjoyable experiences of breastfeeding as moments of convenience, savoring, and cultivating connection. The findings are paired with implications for increasing supports across multiple levels of influence of the SocioEcological Model to improve breastfeeding supports.
Effects of Time & Space in & on Laws
Authors: Dassonville Patrice F.
Published: June 2022

However time is not a phenomenon and space has no materiality, there are some interesting consequences on laws and their goals.
Defining the personal determinants of health for older adults
Authors: MacLeod Stephanie , Kraemer Sandra , Tkatch Rifky , Fellows Annette , Albright Laurie , McGinn Michael , Schaeffer James , Yeh Charlotte S.
Published: June 2022

Background: Social Determinants of Health, an established concept widely used in research initiatives and policy planning, are generally defined as the broad community-scale conditions shaping daily life. Meanwhile, much less is known about the positive personal, individual resources impacting health outcomes. These have not been defined as part of a separate health-related model, leaving a gap in overall understanding of the non-clinical resources that shape successful aging and quality of life. Objective: The primary purpose of this commentary is to propose and define a new concept encompassing critical personal resources to be known as the Personal Determinants of Health (PDOH), built on resilience as a key strength and supported by important factors that have shown to help buffer late-life challenges. Methods: To inform and support this commentary, we conducted a search of relevant research topics to determine whether critical personal resources impacting health outcomes have been defined in the research or mainstream literature. Results: Notably, we failed to identify any standard definition for Personal Determinants of Health, nor does this term exist in applied interventions. Thus, Personal Determinants of Health is a unique concept that will be centered on key personal resources including resilience at its core. Conclusions: A clear opportunity exists to define the Personal Determinants of Health as a new psychosocial and behavioral concept impacting health outcomes, and subsequently to help inform and develop initiatives to improve overall health and quality of life, especially in the later-life years.
Habitat Divide in the Practice of Cleanliness as Disease Prevention Measure
Authors: Joy-Telu Hamilton-Ekeke , Ajakpovi Odibo Anthony , Cleopas Blessing C. , Telu Mercy
Published: June 2022

Disease prevention is operationally defined in this research as the measures taken to avoid contact with disease pathogens. The indicators of disease prevention measures investigated in this study include: the knowledge and practice of regular hand washing, brushing of teeth, care of the nails and general body cleaning. Maintaining regular hand washing, brushing of teeth, care of the nails and general body cleanliness formed the dependent variables investigated while the habitats of urban and rural settings are the independent variables of the study. The study investigated if the habitat divide of urban and rural settings will have influence on students’ knowledge and practice of cleanliness as disease prevention measure. The sample of the study was 140 Senior Secondary School Two (SS2) students from an urban school and another 140 SS2 students from a rural school making a sample total of 280 SS2 students. Questionnaire containing items indicating understanding of the link between cleanliness and disease prevention using the aforementioned indices was the data collection instrument. The instrument was developed by the researchers and pilot tested; PPMCC of 0.83 indicated that the instrument was reliable. One research question and one hypothesis were posited for the study. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research question while t-test was used to test the hypothesis at p < 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that urban participants in comparison to rural participants demonstrated a better understanding of the link of cleanliness to disease prevention and were also better in the practice of cleanliness. It was therefore recommended that rural schools should intensify the teaching of personal hygiene as well as provision of facilities that will encourage personal hygiene.
Public Health, Population Health and the Self-Help Movement in Recovery
Authors: Scoles Pascal
Published: June 2022

The healing process for substance use disorders begins with a serious evaluation of an individual's use of alcohol or drugs. All Change appears to follow a series of stages, which is more spiral or circular than linear. Most people in early recovery progress from sobriety to relapse and back to sobriety. Most growth begins with recognizing guilt, embarrassment, and shame regarding regression (relapses) to previous stages of alcohol and drug use. Therapeutic healing can be accomplished by addressing the social determinants of health that influence many lifestyle choices and keeping our focus on the public health concerns of the community. From a behavioral health perspective, combined population health and public health focus would best be defined by the clinician’s attention to both the biomedical issues and advocacy efforts to intervene and influence these complex social, behavioral, and environmental factors that affect individual members of diverse populations within the communities that one lives and works.
Relato de experiência extensionista - atenção fisioterapêutica à saúde de gestantes em modo remoto sob o contexto da pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda Vargas , Madeira Juliana Campodonico , Nicorena Caroline Gomes , Correa Sara Lima Pereira , Canova Juliana Möbs , Wentz Daniella Ebert , Lima Laís Veiga de , Bellaver Leticia Massoco Rios
Published: June 2022

A criação do projeto de extensão online baseou-se na ideia de contribuir com a atenção materno-infantil. Objetivo: apresentar um relato de experiência das atividades desenvolvidas em projeto de extensão online voltado a gestantes de risco habitual no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19. Metodologia: trata-se do relato da experiência derivada de projeto de extensão pertencente a faculdade de Fisioterapia de uma universidade gaúcha. Cada atendimento envolvia roda de conversa, exercícios terapêuticos e folhetos informativos. Resultados: O projeto de extensão teve 17 gestantes brasileiras na faixa etária de 18 a 37 anos. As gestantes relataram sensação de bem-estar e não houve evento adverso. Para a equipe, a experiência foi gratificante. Conclusão: Após a conclusão do projeto, a experiência vivenciada pelos discentes se mostrou satisfatória e fortaleceu as atividades de extensão como compromisso social.
Gestão do controle e prevenção da obesidade na perspectiva de profissionais da atenção primária no estado do Pará
Authors: Tavares Gessica Fortes , Carvalho Giovana Alves , Reis Carliane Cardoso dos , Cardoso Matheus Lopes , Silva Rayzza Marcelly Jesus da , Oliveira Katarina Marcelino de , Ferreira Rhaissa Pinheiro , Guterres Aldair da Silva , Brasil Alódia , Coutinho Dalva Bastos e Silva
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a gestão do controle e prevenção da obesidade na perspectiva de profissionais da atenção primária no estado do Pará. Metodologia: estudo transversal e característica descritiva, realizado com profissionais da saúde das unidades de atenção primária no estado do Pará. A amostra foi selecionada a partir do critério de existência do programa crescer saudável (PCS) e o Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF), apontados pela secretaria de saúde pública do estado. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário autoaplicável online com informações relativas à atenção nutricional. Os dados foram tabulados em planilhas do software Microsoft Excel®, com aplicação de análises descritivas. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 15 profissionais, quanto a realização do mapeamento do território e/ou Mapa de saúde do território, foi indicado que 60,0% realizavam, 73,33% realizavam análise de dados/diagnóstico dos usuários e do território e que em 53,33% das unidades a equipe discute internamente os indicadores de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional do território. A ação de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (VAN) mais adotada pelas unidades é a realização de aferição do peso e da altura e cálculo de IMC (80%). 33,3% relataram a presença do programa Linha de Cuidado do Sobrepeso e da Obesidade. A estratégia prevalente no tratamento do sobrepeso e obesidade foi o cuidado nutricional (86,6%). Conclusão: Destaca-se a falta de conhecimento e discussão pelos profissionais sobre programas e indicadores, assim como a ausência de mecanismos para avaliar a satisfação dos atendimentos realizados nas unidades.
Tecnologias da informação e da comunicação na prática pedagógica moderna
Authors: Alves Flávio Antônio Fernandes , Bezerra Iracema Raquel Santos , Silva Larissa Santos , Silva Henrique Rodrigues , Nunes Ana Claudia , Pereira Raissa Silva , Onnis Flávio Santana , Reis Stephane da Silva , Amaral Iara Cristina Nunes do , Araújo Victoria Cruz
Published: June 2022

O grande avanço tecnológico observado em todo o mundo nas últimas décadas gerou mudanças significativas no dia a dia das pessoas, inclusive no ambiente escolar. A educação passa hoje por uma grande mudança devido a inserção das tecnologias de informação na vida dos alunos, com uma grande influência digital no desenvolvimento e aprendizado infantil. Com isso o modo de ensino e a dinâmica da sala de aula mudaram, exigindo que os profissionais da educação renovem seus conceitos e incluam as ferramentas modernas no seu sistema de ensino, abordando então essa nova realidade. Utilizar as tecnologias da informação e da comunicação deve então ser uma estratégia fundamental para que a realidade da sala de aula se aproxime com a do mundo moderno. Porém, apesar dos benefícios da modernização, alguns pontos acerca do uso de tecnologias na prática pedagógica ainda precisam ser melhor desenvolvidos, de forma que os indivíduos não sejam prejudicados pelos seus impactos negativos.
Riscos do uso de esteroides anabolizantes andrógenos no âmbito esportivo
Authors: Melo Ayalla Ferraz Caires , Amorim Aline Teixeira
Published: June 2022

Os esteroides anabolizantes androgênicos são substâncias sintéticas produzidas a partir do hormônio masculino, a testosterona. Nas últimas décadas essas drogas vêm sendo utilizadas por frequentadores de academias. Entretanto, o uso indiscriminado tomou uma grande proporção, levando assim a uma preocupação devido aos seus efeitos colaterais, muitas vezes irreversíveis, que podem ocorrer. Para a realização dessa pesquisa foi feito um levantamento de artigos científicos nas bases Scielo, PubMed, BVS, Lilacs e Google Acadêmico, na qual obteve-se 81 materiais bibliográficos, dos quais 20 foram selecionados, sendo eles entre os anos 2000 e 2021. As informações obtidas nessa pesquisa revelam que nos últimos anos houve um aumento significativo do uso dos esteroides anabolizantes androgênicos por esportistas com intuito de aumentar sua performance física ou apenas por estética, acarretando assim alguns efeitos colaterais. Diante disso, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os riscos do uso dos esteroides anabolizantes andrógenos no âmbito esportivo.
A influência da orientação para mercado no setor alimentício: um estudo de múltiplos casos
Authors: Alberti Ricardo , Stringui Sonara , Wizniewsky José Geraldo
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a insubordinação em consonância com a orientação para mercado em restaurantes. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa será exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, criou categorias de análise relacionadas a insubordinação em restaurantes e a orientação para mercado. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de questões abertas utilizando-se a técnica de esgotamento de dados junto a dois restaurantes denominados Restaurante Salmão e Pizzaria, assim como seus pratos principais, que foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados mostram que foi possível perceber que a orientação para mercado, principalmente pelo fator de responsividade combate a insubordinação, além disso, é possível verificar junto aos funcionários contratados através da orientação para mercado quem demonstra ou não insubordinação já com freelances não se mostrou possível verificar.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN E-MODUL INTEGRAL LIPAT MATA KULIAH FISIKA MATEMATIKA I
Authors: Chen Diki , Wulandari Mashelin , Fitriani Riska
Published: June 2022

The aims of this study is to find out the levels and opinions regarding the multiple integral material e-module are planned to be developed. This type of research is a mixed method with the sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used was an active student of regular class B 2019 who had contracted a physics mathematics course I. The instruments used were in the form of questionnaires and interview sheets which were analyzed using descriptive statistics for questionnaires and interviews were analyzed using Miles and Huberman. The results obtained indicate that most of the samples think that the e-module is a very good idea, this can be seen from the results of descriptive statistics, the average value is 22.4 which is in the required category, the results of this quantitative data are strengthened by the results of interviews that mostly support the creation of this e-module.
Robert Breer’s Perpetual Motion Machine
Authors: Yang Dong
Published: June 2022

Embodying and balancing the European avant-garde movement of the 1920s and the dialectical U.S. neo-avant-garde aesthetics of the 1960s, Robert Breer encompassed various art forms in his painting, sculpture and film. In doing so, he created a distinct style that embraces both photographic representation and non-figurative abstraction – a heterogeneous assemblage of sorts – to advocate taking an intermediate stance in the act of rendering the relation between artistic tradition and innovation. By looking at A Man and His Dog Out for Air (1957), Fuji (1974) and LMNO (1978), I show three strategies devised by Breer that help generate the vital energy in these animations: metamorphosis, gradational abstraction, and self-moving objects. All three strategies point to Breer’s dualistic endeavour to experiment with the aesthetic and ontological possibilities of moving images and with the animated objects within the frame in spite of photographic, realist and rational confinements.
Documentation of Double and Triple Phytotherapeutic Remedies Against Diabetes Mellitus in Faisalabad City, Pakistan
Authors: Shakoor Abdul , Kashif Muhammad , Hussain Asghar , Nasir Amar , Waheed Usman , Hussain Tariq , Sikander Arbab , Rizwan Muhammad , Abbas Mazhar , Aziz Khizer , Ullah Habib , Ullah Fateh
Published: June 2022

Diabetic mellitus is a major health concern all over the world associated with many functional and structural ailments and is a serious metabolic disorder. Various natural products, plants and herbs have been used effectively for antidiabetic effects. The present study was conducted to know the ethnomedicinal practices (double and triple phytotherapy) for diabetes mellitus by having interviews with qualified herbalists (Hakeems) practising in Faisalabad city, Pakistan. It was revealed that a total of 40 species belonging to 25 families are presently used for the treatment of diabetic mellitus. Among these 4 families (Paparaceae, Convolvulaceae, Asteraceae, and Solanaceae) had two species each, and one family (Moraceae) had three species (Ficus religiosa, Ficus benghalansis, and Ficus carica) while another one family (Zingiberaceae) had four species (Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Elettaria cardamomum, and Alpinia galangal) had been successfully used for the treatment of diabetic mellitus. In double therapy, ten out of 15 prescriptions were being used in pulverized form while the others were in liquid form for treatment. In triple therapy, 17 remedies out of 20 were used in powder form while the remaining others were used in mixing with liquid. According to the herbalists both double phytotherapy and triple phytotherapy were successfully used to reduce the sugar level and exerted antidiabetic effects. It was concluded that these plants may have potential ingredients which can be exploited in further studies for the development of an effective drug against diabetes.
Digital agriculture through extension advisory services- is it gender-responsive? a review
Authors: Jarial Sapna , Sachan Sharad
Published: June 2022

Despite the global recognition of digital agriculture discourse entering into social sciences like Agricultural Extension and even with close links between Extension Advisory Services, the implications of these interlinkages for women farmers are under-explored. This paper seeks to fill this gap. Agritech 5.0 technologies, drones, unmanned vehicles, and internet of things applications overcome unsustainable agriculture practices through precision. Sustainable agriculture requires policy, technology and people. Presently Extension Advisory Services are gender unresponsive. Unprepared farmers, especially women, may struggle to adapt to digital agriculture; therefore, a gender-responsive approach is a must for such an innovation. This entails genderizing extension tools, updating professional competence through retraining of women as technology teachers, tapping unutilised expert knowledge, including women in-app designs etc. Thus, a paradigm shift is required in agricultural planning, policy, and management. In addition, multistakeholder partnership and collaboration are necessary between the government and private sector. Besides, responsible research and innovation (RRI) approach is required to address ethical concerns in digital agriculture.
Features of catering facilities allocation in tourist cities of Ukraine and the world
Authors: Oliynyk Olena , Davydov Anatoliy , Troshkin Arsenii , Troshkina Olena , Boborykin Oleksiy
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the issues of catering facilities allocation in tourist cities of Ukraine, as well as the experience of Western Europe and the East (on the example of China) has been studied. The variety of cuisines and the impact on tourists' visits to architectural and historical monuments located nearby are analyzed. The priority of modern catering facilities with the function of leisure in tourist cities is proved. Such additional functions that realize leisure in the restaurant are: shopping, literary club, dance floor, karaoke. Leisure is also achieved by changing the interior design due to the organization of themed events (Halloween, New Year), watching movies, the availability of computer and board games, a club of like-minded people or fans, comfortable communication, dating. The authors argue that the allocation of catering facilities placed on tourist routes, according to the existing service radii and the latest calculation of these radii, does not matter. In the article, the authors consider the introduction of food buildings in the historic environment of the city and the problems that arise as a result. Recommendations for the allocation of catering facilities for tourists in the structure of the tourist city are given.
Bioink Formulation and Machine Learning-Empowered Bioprinting Optimization
Authors: Freeman Sebastian , Calabro Stefano , Williams Roma , Jin Sha , Ye Kaiming
Published: June 2022

Bioprinting enables the fabrication of complex, heterogeneous tissues through robotically-controlled placement of cells and biomaterials. It has been rapidly developing into a powerful and versatile tool for tissue engineering. Recent advances in bioprinting modalities and biofabrication strategies as well as new materials and chemistries have led to improved mimicry and development of physiologically relevant tissue architectures constituted with multiple cell types and heterogeneous spatial material properties. Machine learning (ML) has been applied to accelerate these processes. It is a new paradigm for bioprinting. In this review, we explore current trends in bioink formulation and how ML has been used to accelerate optimization and enable real-time error detection as well as to reduce the iterative steps necessary for bioink formulation. We examined how rheometric properties, including shear storage, loss moduli, viscosity, shear-thinning property of biomaterials affect the printability of a bioink. Furthermore, we scrutinized the interplays between yield shear stress and the printability of a bioink. Moreover, we systematically surveyed the application of ML in precision in situ surgical site bioprinting, closed-loop AI printing, and post-printing optimization.
Conformational Selectivity of Merocyanine on Nanostructured Silver Films: Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering (SERRS) and Density Functional Theoretical (DFT) Study
Authors: Das Abhishek , Chadha Ridhima , Mishra Amaresh , Maiti Nandita
Published: June 2022

In this study, detailed structural and vibrational analysis of merocyanine has been investigated using Raman, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS). The Raman, SERS and SERRS studies aided by density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations clearly established the prevalence of the trans- and cis-conformers of the protonated form of merocyanine (MCH+) in solid and acetonitrile solution. The binding characteristics of merocyanine adsorbed on nanostructured silver-coated films (SCFs) were investigated using excitation-dependent SERS, concentration-dependent SERRS and DFT studies. The conformers of merocyanine involved in the surface adsorption processes were recognized. The prominent marker bands observed at 1538 (ethylenic C=C stretch) and 1133 cm−1 (pyridinium C-N stretch) in the Raman spectrum of merocyanine in acetonitrile shifted to 1540 and 1126 cm−1, respectively on the nanostructured SCFs. The shift in the marker bands is associated with either the preferential binding of selective conformer or change in resonance equilibrium between the benzenoid and quinoid forms. The excitation wavelength dependent SERS spectrum infers that in addition to the major contribution from the electromagnetic enhancement, chemical (resonance) effect leads to the amplification of the 1540 cm−1 band. The concentration-dependent SERRS study showed maximum enhancement for the nanostructured SCFs functionalized with 1 μM concentration of merocyanine, indicative of monolayer coverage. For lower concentrations of merocyanine, the SERRS signal intensity reduced without any alteration in the peak positions. The SERRS study thus, revealed sub-nanomolar (0.1 nM) sensing of merocyanine using nanostructured SCFs with the analytical enhancement factor (AEF) of ∼ 1010 for the 1126 cm−1 and 1540 cm−1 Raman bands for MC concentration of 0.1 nM. In this study, combination of SERRS and DFT have clearly established the predominance of trans-MCH+ on the nanostructured silver surface with minor contribution from cis-MCH+, which remain exclusively bound to the surface via the phenoxyl ring O atom. This conformational surface selectivity of geometrical isomers of merocyanine using nanostructured surfaces can be further explored for energy efficient and economical separation of geometrical isomers.
Cu-Based Multicomponent Metallic Compound Materials as Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Peijia , An Jingjing , Ye Zhenyu , Cai Wei , Zheng Xiaohang
Published: June 2022

In this study, Cu-based multicomponent metallic compound materials M-Cu (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Pt) were studied as electrocatalytic materials for water splitting. Different metal materials attached to the copper foam substrate can change the valence states of copper and oxygen, resulting in the change of electronic structure of the materials, thus changing its catalytic activity.
The Electrochemical Oxidation and Mass Transfer Mechanism of Formic Acid on the Catalyst Electrode Surface
Authors: Hu Jie , Wang Panpan , Chen Changguo
Published: June 2022

The organic small molecule fuel battery has attracted wild attention in recent years. Unfortunately, the inherent catalyst poisoning phenomenon hinders its commercialization. Exploring the anodic catalytic reaction mechanism is urgent. This article investigates the nucleation mechanism of HCOOH on the catalyst electrode surface. The electrochemical results indicate that the HCOOH oxidation conforms to the two-dimensional instantaneous nucleation process. The corresponding adsorption model of CO on the catalyst surface was finally established.
Efficacy of Candida dubliniensis and Fungal β-Glucans in Inducing Trained Innate Immune Protection Against Inducers of Sepsis
Authors: Harriett Amanda J. , Esher Righi Shannon , Lilly Elizabeth A. , Fidel Paul , Noverr Mairi C.
Published: June 2022

Fungal-bacterial intra-abdominal infections (IAI) can lead to sepsis with significant morbidity and mortality. We have established a murine model of Candida albicans (Ca) and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) IAI that results in acute lethal sepsis. Prior intraperitoneal or intravenous inoculation with low virulence Candida dubliniensis (Cd) confers high level protection against lethal Ca/Sa IAI and sepsis. Protection via Cd immunization is associated with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediated by Gr-1+ putative myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) representing a novel form of trained innate immunity (TII). The objective of these studies was to determine the extent of Cd-mediated TII against sepsis of broad origin and explore the potential of fungal cell wall components as abiotic immunogen alternatives to induce TII, including zymosan depleted of TLR2 activity (d-zymosan), or purified preparations of β-glucan. Immunized mice were challenged 14 days post-immunization with a lethal array of live or abiotic inducers of sepsis, including Ca/Sa, Ca/Escherichia coli (Ca/Ec), LPS or untreated zymosan. Results showed that live Cd immunization was protective against sepsis induced by Ca/Ec and zymosan, but not LPS. Similar to protection against Ca/Sa, survival was dependent on Gr-1+ cells with no role for macrophages. Among the fungal cell wall compounds as immunogens, immunization with d-zymosan and an alkali-treated form of β-glucan also resulted in significant protection against sepsis induced by Ca/Sa or Ca/Ec, but not LPS sepsis. Again, there was a strong dependence on Gr-1+ cells for protection with one exception, an added role for macrophages in the case of protection induced by alkali-treated β-glucan. Overall, these results demonstrate that immunization with Cd as well as abiotic fungal cell components are capable of Gr-1+ cell-mediated trained innate immune protection against sepsis of broad microbial origin. In addition, abiotic β-glucans represent potential alternatives to live Cd for protection against lethal polymicrobial sepsis.
Case Report: Another Burden to Bear: The Impacts of Climate Change on Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights and Services in Bangladesh
Authors: Husaini Sediqa , Davies Sara E.
Published: June 2022

Climate change disproportionately impacts women, particularly those who are already restricted by gender inequality. Climate related events (CRE), such as extreme weather events, droughts, rising sea levels, leave millions vulnerable. Increasingly, the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of women are negatively impacted during and post climate change related events. In the absence of climate related events, access to SRHR services is already limited due to economic, cultural, and social constraints that prevent women from making decisions concerning their bodily autonomy. During and post climate disasters, such constrains are worsened. Limited access to SRHR services increases women's risk of physical, mental, and psychological harm; it also impacts on their ability to build capacity and resilience to climate change. This article examines the rise in climate related events in Bangladesh and the corresponding harm of climate change on women's access to sexual and reproductive health care. The article argues that the impact of climate change on women needs to be viewed through a reproductive justice framework. The first step to prevent the gendered impacts of climate change is for international and national frameworks to identify individual needs to build capacity and resilience.
Targeting Trimethylamine N-Oxide: A New Therapeutic Strategy for Alleviating Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jing Lele , Zhang Honghong , Xiang Qiannan , Shen Liang , Guo Xiaoxia , Zhai Changlin , Hu Huilin
Published: June 2022

Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and there is currently no effective drug to reverse its pathogenesis. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite of the gut flora with the potential to act as a new risk factor for CVD. Many studies have shown that TMAO is involved in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic diseases through various mechanisms; however, the targeted therapy for TMAO remains controversial. This article summarizes the vital progress made in relation to evaluations on TMAO and AS in recent years and highlights novel probable approaches for the prevention and treatment of AS.
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiography Detects Hypoalbuminemia and Identifies the Mechanism of Hepatorenal and Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Lee Yung-Tsai , Lin Chin-Sheng , Fang Wen-Hui , Lee Chia-Cheng , Ho Ching-Liang , Wang Chih-Hung , Tsai Dung-Jang , Lin Chin
Published: June 2022

Background

Albumin, an important component of fluid balance, is associated with kidney, liver, nutritional, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is measured by blood tests. Since fluid balance is associated with electrocardiography (ECG) changes, we established a deep learning model (DLM) to estimate albumin via ECG.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a DLM to estimate albumin via ECG and explored its contribution to future complications.

Materials and Methods

A DLM was trained for estimating ECG-based albumin (ECG-Alb) using 155,078 ECGs corresponding to albumin from 79,111 patients, and another independent 13,335 patients from an academic medical center and 11,370 patients from a community hospital were used for internal and external validation. The primary analysis focused on distinguishing patients with mild to severe hypoalbuminemia, and the secondary analysis aimed to provide additional prognostic value from ECG-Alb for future complications, which included mortality, new-onset hypoalbuminemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), new onset hepatitis, CVD mortality, new-onset acute myocardial infarction (AMI), new-onset stroke (STK), new-onset coronary artery disease (CAD), new-onset heart failure (HF), and new-onset atrial fibrillation (Afib).

Results

The AUC to identify hypoalbuminemia was 0.8771 with a sensitivity of 56.0% and a specificity of 90.7% in the internal validation set, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.69 in the continuous analysis. The most important ECG features contributing to ECG-Alb were ordered in terms of heart rate, corrected QT interval, T wave axis, sinus rhythm, P wave axis, etc. The group with severely low ECG-Alb had a higher risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 2.45, 95% CI: 1.81–3.33] and the other hepatorenal and cardiovascular events in the internal validation set. The external validation set yielded similar results.

Conclusion

Hypoalbuminemia and its complications can be predicted using ECG-Alb as a novel biomarker, which may be a non-invasive tool to warn asymptomatic patients.
Paleoenvironmental and Biotic Changes in the Late Triassic of Argentina: Testing Hypotheses of Abiotic Forcing at the Basin Scale
Authors: Mancuso Adriana C. , Irmis Randall B. , Pedernera Tomás E. , Gaetano Leandro C. , Benavente Cecilia A. , Breeden III Benjamin T.
Published: June 2022

Paleoenvironmental factors such as climate change are often hypothesized as critical for ecosystem changes over evolutionary time scales. Theoretically, these changes should be observable in the fossil record, but the robust linkage of biotic shifts to climate events remains difficult. The Late Triassic Period is an ideal interval for testing such hypotheses within terrestrial ecosystems because of a number of large-scale climate events, such as the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), and a rich, well-studied fossil record. Nonetheless, at regional to global scales, few linkages have been identified during most of the Late Triassic. Here, we synthesize a multi-proxy basin-scale dataset of paleoenvironmental data, including new information from clay mineralogy and paleosol major- and trace-element geochemistry, to understand paleoclimate changes in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin of northwestern Argentina. In combination with diversity and relative abundance information from the well-sampled plant and tetrapod fossil record in the basin, we then use accepted evolutionary models of abiotic forcing of changes in ecosystems to test previously proposed hypotheses of floral and faunal variations at a basin scale. We find that although many patterns are best explained by sampling issues and taphonomy, pseudosuchian archosaur diversity and rhynchosaur relative abundance conform to predictions of paleoenvironmental forcing as the climate changed from warmer, drier conditions to more temperate humid conditions. These data demonstrate how high-resolution multi-proxy data and a well-sampled fossil record at a basin-scale can be used to test hypotheses of abiotic forcing of ecosystems in deep time, and highlights where future efforts should be directed in terms of filling data gaps and testing new hypotheses.