bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CROSS CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING LEARNING METHOD
Authors: Eliawati Titim
Published: June 2022

Cross cultural understanding is one of the courses that require lecturers' creativity in their teaching in the classroom. Students difficulties in understanding cross cultural until they can feel the cultural confusion experienced by a stranger who enters a region that has a different culture with him/ her. The purpose of this study is to get the best method used in course learning cross cultural understanding. The method used is research literature by comparing and analyzing some cross-cultural understanding of learning methods in several past studies. The results of this study are 1) The used learning method must involve students in the foreign culture studied; 2) Internet is one of the best learning media in the process of learning cross cultural understanding; 3) Students at least understand the language of the culture studied. The conclusion of this study is that cross cultural understanding learning is not easy to do if it only provides theory because students need an in-depth understanding of the cross-cultural process which experienced by someone.
DOMESTICATION AND FOREIGNIZATION OF JAVANESE TERMS IN THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS NOVEL
Authors: Juliana Juliana
Published: June 2022

This research analyses domestication and foreignization strategies in translating the Javanese cultural words in Years of the Voiceless novel. The objective of this research was to obtain the most frequent strategies used in altering Javanese cultural words that influence the ideology used in the translation of the Years of the Voiceles novel. This research was a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection was by reading source and target texts with note taking techniques. The method of data analysis used content analysis with a comparison strategy of translated text in the novel and source text. The theory used to analyze the translation ideology was Venuti (2008) while the theory used to analyze Javanese cultural words was Newmark's theory of cultural categories. The result of the research showed that there was an influence of domestication ideology in the translation of the novel the years of the voiceless at the Javanese cultural words. The domestication was the dominant strategy used in translating Javanese cultural words in the Years of Voiceless novel. Therefore, It indicates the translator tend to maintain Javanese cultural words in ST into English culture words in TT.
Heinrihs Skuja – izcils Latvijas un Zviedrijas aļģu pētnieks
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Bioloģijas fakultātes Botānikas un ekoloģijas katedra, Piterāns Alfons , Berga Irēna
Published: June 2022

Algologs Heinrihs Skuja (1892–1972) kopš 1924. gada ļoti aktīvi iesaistījās Latvijas aļģu pētīšanā un pēc 1944. gada turpināja aļģu pētījumus Upsālā, Zviedrijā. Viņa pētījumu rezultātā Latvijā aļģu sugu skaits no 200 zināmām palielinājās līdz 2300 sugām. Šajā laikā Latvija kļuva algoloģiskā ziņā vislabāk izpētītā valsts. Pēc 1944. gada H. Skuja aktīvi iesaistījās Zviedrijas saldūdens aļģu pētījumos. Viņa izcilo aļģu zināšanu dēļ daudzu pasaules zinātnisko ekspedīciju vadītāji lūdza viņu uzņemties ievākto aļģu materiālu noteikšanu. Tas deva iespēju iepazīties ar dažādu pasaules reģionu aļģu daudzveidību. Daudzās publikācijas un monogrāfijas izceļas ar viņa paša zīmētām ilustrācijām. Daudzi pasaules algologi sūtīja viņam aļģu paraugus un lūdza tos noteikt. Viņš aktīvi darbojās kā aļģu pētniecības konsultants. Muzejā glabājas H. Skujas 306 aļģu sugu herbārijs, kas ievākts Latvijā, kā arī citās valstīs. Kopumā kolekcijā ir 403 aļģu sugu paraugi. Muzejā glabājas oriģinālie zīmējumi, bibliotēka, rokraksti, ceļojumos fotografētie diapozitīvi.
Ilgas Daubes ieguldījums astronomijas attīstībā Latvijā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Muzejs, Vilks Ilgonis
Published: June 2022

Latviešu astronome, astronomijas popularizētāja un astronomijas vēsturniece Ilga Daube (1918–2021) nodzīvojusi garu, astronomijai veltītu mūžu. Studējusi Latvijas Universitātē, pēc Otrā pasaules kara strādājusi Latvijas PSR Zinātņu akadēmijas astronomiskajās iestādēs. Pētījusi maiņzvaigznes, veikusi administratīvo darbu. Bijusi klātesoša dažādās astronomiskajās norisēs, darbojusies Vissavienības Astronomijas un ģeodēzijas biedrības Latvijas nodaļā. Aktīva astronomijas popularizētāja, daudzu populārzinātnisku darbu autore. Vēlāk pievērsusies astronomijas vēsturei.
MEKANISME KOPING DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA YANG IKUT DAN YANG TIDAK IKUT ORGANISASI
Authors: 'Abdul Jaliil Ihsan , Irvana Dewi Yulia , Wahyuni Sri
Published: June 2022

A Proper coping mechanisms are needed for students to avoid stress that should be affected by the student’s learning achievement. There’s a different type of stress between student who join and do not join the organization. This study aims to look at a comparison of coping mechanisms and learning achievements of students who join and do not join the organization. This study uses a comparative research design with a cross-sectional approach. The number of sample of this research were 159 respondents based on inclusion criteria and using a quota sampling technique. The results of research analysis shows that the majority of respondents were women (86.2%), comes from class A 2016 1 (23.3%), and in 4th semester (54.1%). The organization that participated in is BEM Fakultas Keperawatan dan FSI Al-Kautsar (22%) with one term of organization service (45.9%). Majority of the students used maladaptive cope mechanisms (50.3%) and learning achievements showed in good category (82.4%). The result of statistic test of independent t-test got that there’s no significant difference of cope mechanisms between students who join in organization and do not join organization with p-value (0.091) > alpha (0.05) and there’s a significant difference of learning achievement where the students who join the organization are better than the students who do not join the organization with p-value (0.001) > alpha (0.05). Based on the result of this research is expected to be a motivation for the students to join the organization because it has a good effect on learning achievements.
Tanggung Jawab Penyedia Layanan Aplikasi Marketplace Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Winarsih Indri , Oktaviarni Firya
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the responsibilities of market application providers to consumers in online buying and selling transactions in Jambi Province. In answering this problem, the authors use a research method with an empirical juridical approach. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and then presented descriptively. The results of this study indicate that market providers are responsible for providing a means of reporting or complaints and following up on problems, bridging in solving problems between sellers or sellers in the market and consumers and are responsible for the implementation of their electronic systems even though they are not maximally as expected, obligations and responsibilities. marketplace providers to consumers in online buying and selling transactions in Jambi Province on the obligations and responsibilities in Law Number 80 of 2019 concerning Trade through Electronic Systems, Circular of the Minister of Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2016 concerning Limitations of Platform Providers and Merchants (Merchants) Trading through Electronic Systems (Electronic Commerce) in the form of User Generated Content (UGC) as well as consumer rights in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection.
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengenai tanggung jawab penyedia aplikasi marketplace terhadap konsumen dalam transaksi jual beli online di Provinsi Jambi. Dalam menjawab masalah tersebut penulis mengguanakan metode penelitian dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kaualitatif dan kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penyedia marketplace bertanggung jawab dalam menyediakan sarana pelaporan atau pengaduan dan menindaklanjuti permasalahan, menjembatani dalam  penyelesaian permasalahan antara penjual atau seller dalam marketplace dengan konsumen dan bertanggungjawab atas penyelenggaraan sistem elektroniknya meskipun belum secara maksimal seperti yang diharapkan, kewajiban dan tanggung jawab penyeda marketplace  terhadap konsumen dalam transasksi jual beli online di Provinsi Jambi  pada dasarnya meliputi kewajiban dan tanggung jawab dalam Undang Undang Nomor 80 Tahun 2019 tentang Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik, Surat Edaran Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 5 Tahun 2016 tentang Batasan Penyedia Platform dan Pedagang (Merchant) Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik (Electronic Commerce) yang berbentuk User Generated Content (UGC) serta hak konsumen dalam Undang Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pelindungan Konsumen.
Pelaksanaan Kewajiban Orang Tua Terhadap Anak Pasca Perceraian Di Wilayah Pengadilan Agama Kuala Tungkal
Authors: Suci Agustina Rahmi , Erwita Yenni
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian yang dilakukan di dalam skripsi ini adalah tinjauan yuridis empiris tentang tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak pasca perceraian dibentuk dalam dua rumusan masalah, yaitu: 1. Untuk memahami dan menganalisis tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak pasca perceraian di Wilayah Pengadilan Agama Kuala Tungkal. 2. Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis apa saja kendala dalam pelaksanaan tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak pasca perceraian di Wilayah Pengadilan Agama Kuala Tungkal. Adapun sumber data penelitian ini adalah para pihak yang bercerai di wilayah pengadilan agama kuala tungkal, tetangga dari para pihak, dan juga ketua RT setempat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak pasca perceraian di Wilayah Pengadilan Agama Kuala Tungkal dalam tinjauan Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak yang disebabkan beberapa faktor kendala, antara lain kurangnya komunikasi antara suami dan istri, keterbatasan ekonomi, rendahnya pendidikan orang tua, serta rendahnya moral orang tua.

Kata kunci : Tanggung Jawab Orang Tua Setelah Perceraian, Hak Anak Setelah Perceraian

ABSTRACT

This research is an empirical juridical review of the responsibility of parents towards children after divorce which is formed in two formulations of problems, namely: 1. To understand and analyze the responsibility of parents to children after divorce in the Kuala Tungkal Religious Court. 2. To find out and analyze what are the obstacles in the implementation of parental responsibility for children after divorce in the Kuala Tungkal Religious Court Area. The data sources of this study were the divorced parties in the Kuala Tungkal religious court, neighbors of the parties, and also the head of the local RT. Data collection methods used were observation, interviews with the Defendants and Plaintiffs.

The results of this study indicate that the responsibility of parents to children after divorce in the Kuala Tungkal Religious Court area in the review of the Marriage Law and the Child Protection Law is not in accordance with the provisions in the Marriage Law and the Child Protection Law due to several factors. obstacles, including lack of communication between husband and wife, economic limitations, low parental education, and low parental morale.

Keywords : Responsibilities of Parents After Divorce, Rights of Children After Divorce
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pemegang Hak Cipta Motif Batik di Kota Jambi
Authors: Dia Andriyani Ade , Suryahartati Dwi
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the form of legal protection of batik motif copyright in Jambi City, to find out the obstacles in an effort to obtain the use of economic rights on batik motif copyright in Jambi City. The research method used is juridical empirical. Based on the results of the study, it can be stated that 1. The copyright law protects batik motifs, both those who have recorded or not, although it is hoped that the people of Jambi City can record it as a form of preventive legal protection if there is a dispute in the future. 2. Obstacles in an effort to get the benefits of economic rights on batik motif copyrights in the city of Jambi are the lack of knowledge of batik craftsmen on copyright, the recording of copyright is still lacking, coloring is carried out outside the city of Jambi, the lack of creativity of batik craftsmen in Jambi City the conclusion is the lack of knowledge and creativity of batik craftsmen in the city of Jambi resulted in frequent violations of plagiarism of batik motifs which harm the copyright holders of batik motifs in the city of Jambi.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum hak cipta motif batik di Kota Jambi, Untuk mengetahui kendala dalam upaya untuk memperoleh pemanfaatan hak ekonomi atas Hak Cipta motif batik di Kota Jambi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dinyatakan bahwa 1. Undang-undang hak cipta melindungi motif batik baik yang telah melakukan pencatatan ataupun tidak meski begitu diharapkan masyarakat kota jambi dapat melakukan pencatatan sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum preventif jika terdapat sengkta di kemudian hari. 2. Kendala dalam upaya untuk mendapatkan manfaatan hak ekonomi atas hak cipta motif batik di kota jambi adalah kurangnya pengetahuan pengrajin batik terhadap hak cipta, pencatatan hak cipta masih kurang, pewarnaan yang dilakukan diluar kota jambi, kurangnya kreatifitas pengrajin batik di kota Jambi. kesimpulan kurangnya pengetahuan dan kreatifitas pengrajin batik di kota jambi mengakibatkan sering dijumpainya pelanggaran plagiasi motif batik yang merugikan pemegang hak cipta motif batik di kota Jambi.
Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Pengadaan Barang Dan Jasa Pemerintah Pekerjaan Konstruksi Rehab Pagar Pasar Raya Kota Solok
Authors: Rizky Sakinah Radesza
Published: June 2022

This research aims to find out and analyze the rights and obligations of the parties in the implementation of government procurement agreements for goods and services for construction work on the reconstruction of the solok city market fence and efforts to resolve disputes in the implementation of government procurement agreements for goods and services for construction work on the reconstruction of the solok market fence between Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Kota Solok against CV Insan Cita Company. The research method that the authors used in this study is empirical juridical. The results of this study showed that there had been a default by the Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Kota Solok against CV Insan Cita Company by not paying wages for work. In Surat Perintah Kerja (SPK): 8/SPK/DPUKM/2018 the payment of work wages will be paid when the work has been completed. The service provider in this case has completed the work on time and in accordance with what is contained in the SPK, but the service user does not pay the wages on the grounds that the job description done is not in accordance with what is contained in the SPK. The service provider then sued the service user to the Solok District Court. In the proceedings, the parties also mediated and agreed on a Peace Act which states that the payment of working wages is carried out by budgeting back to the 2020 APBD Changes.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hak dan kewajiban para pihak dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah pekerjaan konstruksi rehab pagar pasar raya Kota Solok dan upaya penyelesaian terhadap sengketa dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah pekerjaan konstruksi rehab pagar pasar raya Kota Solok antara Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Kota Solok dengan CV Insan Cita Company. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan pada penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi wanprestasi oleh Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Kota Solok terhadap CV Insan Cita Company dengan tidak membayarkan upah pekerjaan. Dalam Surat Perintah Kerja (SPK): 8/SPK/DPUKM/2018 pembayaran upah pekerjaan akan dibayarkan apabila pekerjaan tersebut telah selesai dilakukan. Penyedia jasa dalam hal ini telah menyelesaikan pekerjaan tersebut tepat waktu dan sesuai dengan yang dimuat dalam SPK, tetapi pengguna jasa tidak membayarkan upah dengan alasan uraian pekerjaan yang dilakukan tidak sesuai dengan apa yang dimuat dalam SPK. Pihak penyedia jasa kemudian menggugat pihak pengguna jasa ke Pengadilan Negeri Kota Solok. Dalam proses persidangan para pihak juga melakukan mediasi dan menyepakati Akta Perdamaian yang menyatakan bahwa pembayaran upah pekerjaan dilakukan dengan menganggarkan kembali pada Perubahan APBD tahun 2020.
The Characterological Functions of Untidiness in the Works of Fyodor Dostoevsky and His Contemporaries
Authors: Dekhanova Olga A.
Published: June 2022

The article is the continuation of a study on Dostoevsky’s olfactory in the cultural and historical context of the second half of the 19th century. The involvement of public consciousness in the formation of new hygienic standards led to fundamental changes in the olfactory of Russian literature. The gradual overcoming of aesthetic prohibitions made it possible to use unpleasant odors associated with human activity as an artistic detail with negative assessment. Smell rating (pleasant/ unpleasant) is a cultural phenomenon that largely depends on the historical, national, religious, and economic characteristics of a society. In addition, the assessment of smell is also one of the elements of tidiness, a historically established sign system that determines a group identity. Deviations from established cultural norms (untidiness) determine the social boundaries of society at the olfactory level as well. The smell of untidiness, to which Dostoevsky’s contemporaries actively address, consist a specific stench of unwashed body, smells of sweat, urine and other biological secretions, the smell of unclean clothes, the stinking smell of breath, including the smell of wine fumes. In addition, the use of smells inappropriate for the bodily sphere or the smells of illness for the comparative description of “smells like” forms an extensive negative metaphorical field. Dostoevsky’s use of olfactory details to define his characters follows, on the one hand, general patterns, and on the other, has a number of personal features, including his close attention to the cleanliness of the characters’ underwear. This detail is present in almost every description of appearance. Direct references to the connection between unclean underwear and unpleasant odor can be found in a very small group of descriptions, nevertheless, indications of unclean underwear and the untidy appearance of a character have olfactory properties, as they generate a sense of expected unpleasant smell. In addition, the article considers the peculiarity of the use of negative body odors in the novel The Brothers Karamazov by Dostoevsky and in Leskov’s stories.
Maximizing reliability of multi-stage uncertain random systems by maintenance strategy
Authors: Xu Qinqin , Zhu Yuanguo
Published: June 2022

The existing researches have shown that internal degradation processes
and external shocks may simultaneously interfere with the reliability of
dynamic systems in uncertain random environments. Assume that failure
processes are dependent, that is, shocks may accelerate degradation
processes by additional degradations. Wear and additional degradations
are uncertain, while shocks are considered to be random. As a natural
consideration, it is necessary to maximize the reliability of
multi-stage uncertain random systems. In this paper, a maximizing
reliability problem is presented, and recurrence equations are provided
by Bellman’s principle. These are successfully applied to maximize
reliability index in two special cases with linear and quadratic state
equations. In addition, two effective algorithms are developed to
achieve optimal solutions. Finally, a numerical example of a metallized
film pulse capacitor is proposed which aims to indicate that
optimization method is beneficial to maximize the reliability of
multi-stage systems.
Uniting genetic and geographic databases to understand the relationship between latitude and population demography
Authors: Burbrink Frank
Published: June 2022

Conducting large-scale phylogeographic studies to understand processes
affecting population structure and genetic diversity across multiple
species is difficult because the key genetic (NCBI) and spatial (GBIF)
repositories are disconnected. In this issue of Molecular Ecology
Resources, Pelletier et al. (2022) demonstrate the power of connecting
these in the program phylogatR. This program assembled 87,852 species
and 102,268 sequence alignments in a taxonomic hierarchy, yielding
multiple sequence alignments per species, mainly for animals (88%),
composed mostly of mtDNA data. The authors discuss several caveats with
these alignments and provide flags identifying particular problems
associating locality and genetic data with certain taxa (e.g., multiple
localities per individuals). They provide a test that nucleotide
diversity should increase with area, but find a significant relationship
in only 32% of taxa with no clear taxonomic or ecological factors
accounting for this. To examine the potential of this program, I tested
the idea that the degree of population expansion should increase with
latitude given potential environmental stability in the tropics and
instability in temperate regions. In under two hours, I downloaded all
squamates (lizards and snakes) and regressed Tajima’s D on latitude and
found a weak but significant negative relationship, indicating a
potential association between latitude and population expansion. The
phylogatR database is a powerful resource for researchers wanting to
test the relationship between genetic diversity and some aspect of space
or environment.
A right lower central incisor with a sinus tract at the labial gingiva that required periodontal treatment, but not endodontic treatment: Prodigious amount of periodontal regeneration of the severe labial bone loss due to a cemental tear after treatment
Authors: Nagahara Takayoshi , Takeda Katsuhiro , Inoue Sadayuki , Wada Keinoshin , Shiba Hideki
Published: June 2022

Cone-beam computed tomography and clinical examinations including pulp
vital testing and pocket probing depth showed a cemental tear with a
severe labial alveolar bony defect, but no endodontic lesions in #25,
which had a sinus tract at the labial site, in a 75-year-old woman.
Asymptomatic course of overt primary hypothyroidism with a very high peak systolic velocity of the superior thyroid arteries: a case report
Authors: Ushakov Andrey
Published: June 2022

This case a 59-year-old woman with asymptomatic overt hypothyroidism who
presented with the Doppler ultrasound signs of increased thyroid
exertion involving the autonomic nervous system. The findings suggest an
increase in the rate of thyroxine deiodination and sufficiency of free
triiodothyronine for the functional needs of the body.
Experimental Models of Drug Metabolism and Distribution in Drug Design and Development
Authors: Cebo Prof. Dr. Daniel
Published: June 2022

Drug discovery and development involve the utilization of in vitro and
in vivo experimental models. Different models, ranging from test tube
experiments to cell cultures, animals, healthy human subjects, and even
small numbers of patients that are involved in clinical trials, are used
at different stages of drug discovery and development for determination
of efficacy and safety. The proper selection and applications of correct
models, as well as appropriate data interpretation, are critically
important in decision making and successful advancement of drug
candidates. In this review, we discuss strategies in the applications of
both in vitro and in vivo experimental models of drug metabolism and
disposition.
Impacts of climate change and human activities on streamflow of Upper Yongding River Basin, North China
Authors: deng qiangli , Guo Ying , Qi Yongqing , Shen Yan-Jun , Shen Yanjun
Published: June 2022

Streamflow plays a key role in ecosystem and human society, which make
it important to analyse the characteristics and influencing factors of
streamflow. Using hydro-meteorological data series during 1961-2017 in
the Upper Yongding River Basin (UYRB)( including Yang River Basin (YRB)
and Sanggan River Basin (SRB)), Spatio-temporal variation
characteristics of air temperature, precipitation and potential
evapotranspiration (E ) were analysed. Results showed
that: precipitation has no significant trend; temperature shows a
significant increase by 0.09–0.52℃ per decade; E
shows a significant decrease from -0.18 mm/yr to -2.04 mm/yr (in 18
stations); the estimated rates of streamflow change are –0.74,
–0.80mm/yr for SRB and YRB. As to spatial distribution: the YRB
presents a higher E value than the SRB; and the
mountain area has more precipitation than the plain area. And the change
points of streamflow occurred in 1982 and 2003. Both Budyko and DMC
method were used to evaluate the impacts of climate change and human
activities on mean annual streamflow. In the variation stage Ⅰ
(1983~2003), impacts of human activities account for
90.6% and 62.7% of the mean annual streamflow changes in YRB and SRB,
respectively. In the variation stage Ⅱ (2004~2017), the
percentages are 99.5% and 93.5%, respectively. It is also noted that
the first change point in streamflow was indeed at the beginning of
China’s land reform, when the farmers can manage their reallocated lands
and therefore increased agricultural water consumption. The second
change point coincided with “Capital Water Resources Planning”
including water conservation projects and irrigation district
construction programs. In general, human activities were mainly
responsible for the significant decline in the annual streamflow of
UYRB. This paper will provide valuable results for water resources
planning and give guidance to the construction of water conservation
function area and ecological environment support area of capital.
Fleet Sustainment and the Fiscal Impact of Contracting Red Air
Authors: Tincher Thomas , Breitbach Tim
Published: June 2022

This article examines the potential impact to the government from the use of contractor aircraft to fly aggressor sorties. Results of research show that the burden on the government sustainment base will be eased by using contract aircraft instead of government aircraft to fly aggressor sorties. Specifically, the authors posit that using contract aircraft instead of certain fourth-generation and all fifth-generation aircraft is more cost effective. They also examine the maintenance and sustainment impact resulting from this finding. Finally, the article concludes with recommendations on when and why the use of contract versus organic capability is more cost effective.
Maintenance Cost Growth in Aging Aircraft: Analysis of a New DHS Dataset
Authors: Ross Nicholas
Published: June 2022

This article finds that maintenance cost per flight hour increases by 8.0% as the average age of a fleet of aircraft increases by 1 year. Cost growth appears to decrease slightly as aircraft age, with an older group of aircraft showing maintenance cost per flight hour increasing by 7.6%. This is based on analysis of a new database from U.S. Customs and Border Protection Air and Marine Operations (CBP AMO). The article employs a Fixed Effect (FE) Least-Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) regression model based on panel data from Fiscal Year 2015 (FY2015) to FY2020. The conclusion describes possible areas of additional research.
This project’s findings may be interesting to the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) and the Department of Defense (DoD). USCG aircraft conduct many similar missions to AMO’s aircraft (both organizations are part of the Department of Homeland Security [DHS]). DoD may find the analysis interesting for three reasons. First, while many of AMO’s approximately 200 aircraft are based on commercial designs, it includes military aircraft such as the UH-60, P-3, and MQ-9. Second, many of DHS’s acquisition and maintenance processes mirror DoD’s. Third, AMO’s data are a new dataset for examining aircraft maintenance costs already analyzed using DoD databases such as the Air Force Total Ownership Cost (AFTOC) and Naval Visibility and Management of Operating and Support Costs (VAMOSC) databases.
π-π interactions in structural stability: Role in superoxide dismutases
Authors: Stojanovic Srdjan , Zlatovic Mario
Published: June 2022

In the present work, the influences of ??? interactions in superoxide dismutase (SOD) active centers were analyzed. The majority of the aromatic residues are involved in ??? interactions. Predominant type of interacting pairs is His?His and His?Trp pairs. In addition to ??? interactions, ? residues also form ?-networks in SOD proteins. The ??? interactions are most favorable at the pair distance range of 5?7 ?. We observed that most of the ??? interactions shows stabilization energies in the range from ?4.2 to ?12.6 kJ mol-1, while the metal assisted ??? interactions showed an energy in the range from ?83.7 to ?334.7 kJ mol-1. Most of the ??? interacting residues were evolutionary conserved and thus probably important in maintaining the structural stability of proteins through these interactions. A high percentage of these residues could be considered as stabilization centers, contributing to the net stability of SOD proteins.
The effect of non-specific binding of Pd(II) complexes with N-heteroaromatic hydrazone ligands on the protein structure
Authors: Mijin Nemanja , Milosevic Jelica , Filipovic Nenad , Mitic Dragana , Andjelkovic Katarina , Polovic Natalija , Todorovic Tamara
Published: June 2022

Previously, the cytotoxic actions of five Pd(II) complexes with bidentate N-heteroaromatic chelators (complexes 1?5) on a palette of several cancer cell lines were investigated. However, the results of the cytotoxic activity did not correlate with the hydrophobic character of the complexes. To gain further insight into the structure?activity relationship, essential for the design of novel potential drugs, other factors, such as non-specific interactions with cellular proteins, have to be taken into account. To explore the potential non-specific influence of the complexes on protein structures, ovalbumin (OVA) was chosen as a model system to mimic cellular non-specific crowding environments with high protein concentrations. A Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy study implied that the binding of 3 and 4 led to only moderate alternations in the secondary structures of the protein, without the possibility to penetrate into hydrophobic core of the protein and disruption of protein native fold. Contrary, the effect of complex 5 on OVA secondary structures was concentration- dependent. While the lower concentration of complex 5 had no effect on OVA structure, a doubled concentration of complex 5 led to complete disruption of the content native-like secondary structures. The concentration-dependent effect of complex 5 on the changes in secondary structures and considerable increase in the exposure of OVA hydrophobic surfaces to water may be related to a potential crosslinking that leads to OVA aggregation.
Determinants and Consequences of Audit Pricing for Charities, Including the Provision of Pro Bono Audits
Authors: Yang Yitang (Jenny) , Simnett Roger
Published: June 2022

Using unique Australian data, we first identify the determinants of the provision of pro bono audits to charities and examine their consequential audit quality. This advances our knowledge about how often and why auditors volunteer their services, and whether quality concerns are realized. Then, for non-pro bono audits, we calculate abnormal audit fees and examine their impact on audit quality. We find that pro bono audits are mainly supplied by Big 4 auditors to charities with greater public donations, a lower debt ratio, and operating in multiple locations. We are unable to identify evidence of impaired audit quality when comparing pro bono audits with non-pro bono audits. For non-pro bono audits, audit fees are significantly associated with size, complexity, and revenue sources, with premiums paid to larger audit firms. We find evidence consistent with reduced audit quality associated with negative abnormal audit fees for non-Big 4 audits.
Cardiorenal Complications in Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Compared Between White Americans and African Americans
Authors: Paul Sanjoy K. , Shaw Jonathan E. , Fenici Peter , Montvida Olga
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE

To explore risks and associated mediation effects of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) in young- and usual-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) between White Americans (WAs) and African Americans (AAs).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

From U.S. medical records, 1,491,672 WAs and 31,133 AAs were identified and stratified by T2D age of onset (18–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–70 years). Risks, mediation effects, and time to CKD and HF were evaluated, adjusting for time-varying confounders.

RESULTS

In the 18–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–70 age-groups, the hazard ratios (of developing CKD and HF in AAs versus WAs were 1.21 (95% CI 1.17–1.26) and 2.21 (1.98–2.45), 1.25 (1.22–1.28) and 1.86 (1.75–1.97), 1.21 (1.19–1.24) and 1.54 (1.48–1.60), and 1.10 (1.08–1.12) and 1.11 (1.07–1.15), respectively. In AAs and WAs aged 18–39 years, time in years to CKD (8.7 [95% CI 8.2–9.1] and 9.7 [9.2–10.2]) and HF (10.3 [9.3–11.2] and 12.1 [10.6–13.5]) were, on average, 3.6 and 4.0 and 3.1 and 4.1 years longer compared with those diagnosed at age 60–70 years. Compared with females, AA males aged <60 years had an 11–49% higher CKD risk, while WA males aged <40 years had a 23% higher and those aged ≥50 years a 7–14% lower CKD risk, respectively. The mediation effects of CKD on the HF risk difference between ethnicities across age-groups (range 54–91%) were higher compared with those of HF on CKD risk difference between ethnicities across age-groups (13–39%).

CONCLUSIONS

Developing cardiorenal complications within an average of 10 years of young-onset T2DM and high mediation effects of CKD on HF call for revisiting guidelines on early diagnosis and proactive treatment strategies for effective management of cardiometabolic risk.
Brain Structure Among Middle-aged and Older Adults With Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes in the DCCT/EDIC Study
Authors: Jacobson Alan M. , Braffett Barbara H. , Erus Guray , Ryan Christopher M. , Biessels Geert J. , Luchsinger José A. , Bebu Ionut , Gubitosi-Klug Rose A. , Desiderio Lisa , Lorenzi Gayle M. , Trapani Victoria R. , Lachin John M. , Bryan R. Nick , Habes Mohamad , Nasrallah Ilya M. ,   the DCCT/EDIC Research Group
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE

Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are living to ages when neuropathological changes are increasingly evident. We hypothesized that middle-aged and older adults with long-standing T1DM will show abnormal brain structure in comparison with control subjects without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

MRI was used to compare brain structure among 416 T1DM participants in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study with that of 99 demographically similar control subjects without diabetes at 26 U.S. and Canadian sites. Assessments included total brain (TBV) (primary outcome), gray matter (GMV), white matter (WMV), ventricle, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes and total white matter mean fractional anisotropy (FA). Biomedical assessments included HbA1c and lipid levels, blood pressure, and cognitive assessments of memory and psychomotor and mental efficiency (PME). Among EDIC participants, HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia history, and vascular complications were measured longitudinally.

RESULTS

Mean age of EDIC participants and control subjects was 60 years. T1DM participants showed significantly smaller TBV (least squares mean ± SE 1,206 ± 1.7 vs. 1,229 ± 3.5 cm3, P < 0.0001), GMV, and WMV and greater ventricle and WMH volumes but no differences in total white matter mean FA versus control subjects. Structural MRI measures in T1DM were equivalent to those of control subjects who were 4–9 years older. Lower PME scores were associated with altered brain structure on all MRI measures in T1DM participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Middle-aged and older adults with T1DM showed brain volume loss and increased vascular injury in comparison with control subjects without diabetes, equivalent to 4–9 years of brain aging.
Sharps Disposal Practices Among People With Diabetes in a Community Care Clinic
Authors: Charbonneau Maria S. , Parsons Katelyn A. , Danckert Daniel C. , Silveira Kathleen , Shcherbakova Natalia , Capoccia Kam L.
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The primary objective of this study was to determine sharps disposal practices among people with diabetes in a community care clinic. Secondary objectives were to identify patterns of sharps use and barriers to proper use.

Methods

Surveys were distributed to patients at a community care clinic in person and via mail. Survey questions focused on how sharps are used and disposed of, the frequency of sharps changes, sharps disposal training, sharps identification, and confidence in sharps disposal. Participant demographics and diabetes profiles were also collected.

Findings

Among 89 respondents, mean age was 60 years (range 29–93 years), 61.8% were Caucasian, 88.8% had type 2 diabetes, and 60.7% had had a diabetes diagnosis for ≤10 years, with diverse diabetes management methods; 57.3% did not receive or were unsure of sharps training, 25.8% discarded used sharps without a designated sharps container, and 37.1% properly disposed of sharps containers at sharps disposal facilities. Barriers to proper sharps practices included perceived safety of reusing sharps and waste with single use, cost, and the hassle of disposal. Those with prior sharps training were more likely to properly use and discard sharps; however, gaps in knowledge were still evident in this population.

Conclusion

Results indicate gaps in proper sharps use and disposal knowledge among people with diabetes. Responses revealed sharps practices that are inconsistent with current federal and state regulations and are potentially dangerous for those handling improperly discarded sharps. Targeted sharps usage and disposal education resources are needed for individuals with and without prior sharps training.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PHASE COMPOSITION OF ASH AND SLAG WASTE FROM THE THERMAL POWER STATION
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Borovets Z. , Lutsyuk І. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2022

The phase composition of ash and slag from thermal power stations (TPS) were studied. It was established that ashes from thermal power stations are not homogeneous glass in the structure and are characterized by the presence of a significant number of mullite and hercynite crystallization centers. The phase composition and structure of ash slag were investigated by XRF and SAR methods. It was established that the processes of crystallization of iron-aluminosilicate slag finishes at the stage of nucleation of crystals whose further growth becomes impossible because of the sharp increase of viscosity during cooling.
A fractional-order model for drinking alcohol behaviour leading to road accidents and violence
Authors:   Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University, Khajji B. , Boujallal L. ,   Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Elhia M. ,   FSJES Ain Sebaa, Hassan II University, Balatif O. ,   Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, Rachik M. ,   Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we propose a new fractional-order model of alcohol drinking involving the Caputo derivative and six groups of individuals. We introduce road accidents and violence related to alcohol consumption as separate classes to highlight the role of alcoholism in the aggressive and risky behaviour of heavy drinkers. We show the existence and uniqueness of the non-negative solutions, and we determine the basic reproduction number R0. The sensitivity analysis of the model parameters is performed to characterize the important parameters that have the most effects on the reproduction number. Furthermore, the stability analysis of the model shows that the system is locally and globally asymptotically stable at drinking-free equilibrium E0 when R0<1, and the drinking present equilibrium E∗ exists. The system is locally and globally asymptotically stable at E∗ when R0>1. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results for different values of the order of the fractional derivative.
FEATURES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTORICAL HOUSING
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Myron Demkiv , Iryna Pohranychna ,   Lviv polytechnic national university, Department of Architecture and Conservation
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to current issues related to housing reconstruction in Ukraine, as well as ways to solve it. Domestic and foreign experience of re-planning of existing apartments, reconstruction of historical buildings with superstructure of attics, additional floors or without them is covered. In modern urban development today there is a significant fund of residential buildings from previous historical epochs and styles. The state of planning of the vast majority of buildings does not agree with the current sanitary, fire and functional requirements and does not meet modern design conditions. This condition requires professional work of specialists who are able to write out the specified problems.
PORTALS IN DECORATION OF BUILDINGS OF THE ASSEMBLY OF THE ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN IN LVIV
Authors:   epartment of Architecture and Conservation Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chen Lesia
Published: June 2022

In artistic and stylistic terms, the architecture of Lviv's sacred buildings during the 16th-18th centuries was marked by a variety of appearances. The builders paid great attention to the plastic expressiveness of the building. The facades of sacred buildings were richly decorated, had a clear system of horizontal divisions of cornices and belts, carved in stone with ornamental carvings window frames, and portals of entrances. The role of portals in the decoration of the church ensemble of the Assumption of the Virgin in Lviv is shown. The peculiarities of the use of decorative stone carvings in the plastic design of the facades of sacred buildings during the Renaissance in Lviv are considered on the example of the portals of the Assumption Cathedral, the Chapel of the Three Saints, and the bell tower. The compositional and stylistic features of the Renaissance portals of the temple ensemble are analyzed. In order to physically preserve unique portals, outstanding works of art, and architecture, comprehensive measures for their restoration are outlined.
LIGHT IN THE SACRED SPACE OF THE MODERN GREEK CATHOLIC CHURCHS
Authors:   Department of Architectural Environment Design Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yatsiv Myroslav
Published: June 2022

Based on domestic and foreign experience, an analysis of the natural light filling of the sacred space of Modern Greek Catholic churches in Ukraine and abroad. Similarities and differences in the formation of the light environment of the modern church, compared with the traditional one, have been establish. The architecture of Modern Greek Catholic churches in Ukraine significantly influenced by the traditions of architectural formation of other branches of Christianity. This influence manifested primarily in the organization of their lighting environment. In Modern Greek Catholic churches, there is a top light from the domes in the cover, but its share in the total flow of daylight significantly reduced. Due to the large stained glass windows in the walls significantly increases the overall illumination of the interior of the temple. Uniform arrangement of windows in the outer walls equalizes the light on the inner surfaces. Contribute to the creation of uniform illumination of surfaces used in the decoration of walls of light colors with the same brightness in the field of view. These factors indicate the convergence of the light composition of the interior of Greek Catholic churches with the interiors of Protestant churches. At the same time, partial (horizontal or vertical) or complete glazing of the walls in the altar, installation of large stained glass windows at full height in the side walls, installation of light lanterns, mostly in the roof over the altar space, bring together modern Greek Catholic churches their space with modern Catholic churches. Modern Greek Catholic churches contain many techniques of light-spatial composition that not related to the tradition already developed by the system of Ukrainian national attributes, and rather reflect the authorial style of an architect.
Adaptation of the Epistemological Belief Questionnaire about Teaching and Learning of Preservice Physics Teacher: Preliminary Research
Authors:   Department Physics Education Study Program, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, Herlina Kartini , Andra Doni ,   Department Physics Education Study Program, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, Nyeneng I Dewa Putu ,   Department Physics Education Study Program, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, Wicaksono B. Anggit ,   Physics Education Graduate Program, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Purwaningsih Endang ,   Physics Education Graduate Program, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Diantoro Markus ,   Physics Education Graduate Program, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Sunaryono Sunaryono ,   Physics Education Graduate Program, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

This study aims to obtain an instrument of teacher beliefs about learning and teaching in hybrid learning in the post-COVID-19 (New Normal) era. In addition to producing a questionnaire instrument, this study looks for the relationship of belief to learning and learning with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The research subjects were selected through a random sampling technique (through a lottery) by several teachers/prospective teachers of physics education at schools and in higher education institutions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was performed using AMOSS v26 using a strong categorical data estimator. The SEM results show the teaching and learning conceptions questionnaire in the marginal fit category (RMSEA) poor fit (NFI, RFI, IFI, TLI, and CGI), in addition, it is shown that the indicators have good internal consistency but lack formation in the latent variance variable. Meanwhile, the results of the SEM Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire are in the poor fit category, both seen from the RMSEA and NFI, RFI, IFI, TLI, and CGI. Indicators of Fixed ability, learning effort, Authority, and Certainty Knowledge have good internal consistency, while Authority internal consistency is not good. The variance on the Epistemological belief questionnaire extracted from the indicators is greater for the formation of latent variables.