bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Factors Which Contribute to Teacher Turnover in Forty-Nine Selected High Schools in Western Kansas
Authors:   , Keeley Terry
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to find contributing factors influencing teachers in selected high schools of Western Kansas to change teaching positions. No previous study or survey was located which dealt with this problem in Kansas. The procedure employed in this study was to contact several hundred secondary teachers who had changed teaching positions between 1955-1960. Questionnaires were sent to teachers in forty-nine selected high schools of Western Kansas, inviting them to participate in this study. There were 300 questionnaires sent out and 203, or 67 per cent, usable responses were received. Of this number, there were sixty women and 143 men respondents. Only the first five reasons listed by the respondents for changing positions were considered significant to the study. The findings of this study revealed “profession advancement” as the largest single factor causing mobility within the teaching profession. There were 57 per cent of the respondents who checked this factor. “Improvement of salary in another system” was ranked second, as 48 per cent of the respondents checked it as a reason for moving to another system. Other important factors listed in order of frequency were “town too small”, “dissatisfaction with administrator”, “dissatisfaction with community”, and \too many activities to sponsor”. It was found that 82 per cent of the respondents were married and 42 per cent of the male respondents held Master's degrees. Marriage apparently does not lessen teacher turnover, while the higher the education of the teacher, the more mobility may be expected. Other conclusions of the study were: (1) there is a need for more adequate promotion policy in the selected high schools of Western Kansas, and (2) there is a need for a more uniform salary schedule to be set up by a professional organization to attract and hold teachers.
The Relationship of Reading and Spelling Ability At Various School Levels
Authors:   , Richards Robert
Published: February 2023

Current emphasis in spelling and reading appears to be on the unitary nature of the child's development especially in relation to the language arts. While the writer is interested in the analysis of reading abilities and spelling ability in order to determine the fundamental language abilities common to both skills, the specific problem of this investigation is to, \discover the consistency of the relationship of spelling and reading abilities of pupils from the fifth grade through the ninth grade inclusive\. This relationship refers to the linear correlation relationship derived from the use of standardized tests. The particular phases of the general problem to which special attention is directed are: (1) Is the development in reading ability and spelling ability parallel throughout these various grade levels? ( 2) How does this relationship on one level compare with the relationship on the next higher level? (3) Does the relationship change with children of different mental ages? (4) Is this relationship a constant or a variable as between different school systems?
Relationship Between Perceived Victimization Levels and Rape Empathy Levels
Authors:   , McIntyre Jeff
Published: February 2023

Rape has increased in frequency across time and has now become a major problem in this society. The effects of rape are often severe and persistent and may lead to a person seeking help via counseling. Empathy may be one factor involved in successful treatment of rape victims. This empathy may evolve due to similarities of experience between the victim and the person providing comfort and support. If similarity of experience plays a large part in fostering empathy, then it is possible that a person who feels victimized in general will have higher levels of empathy for a rape victim due to the analogous feelings of being a victim. A devised victimization questionnaire and a rape empathy scale were used to determine if a relationship existed between feelings of victimization and rape empathy levels. A multiple regression procedure was used to determine the relationship between perceived feelings of victimization and rape empathy levels. The results of the current research indicate that a significant, negative correlation exists between scores on the victimization Questionnaire (VQ) and the Rape Empathy Scale (RES). A significant relationship was found between gender and RES scores. Additionally, a negative relationship was discovered between ethnic background and RES scores.
The Production and Performance of Mime
Authors:   , Fuller Karen
Published: February 2023

The goal of this creative project was to direct a troupe of actors who would develop mime through the use of dance and improvisation. Street mime was used by the actors, not only to provide experience with improvisational mime and audiences, but also to reinforce and improve the actor’s skills as a street performer. The actors became more flexible in through and more confident in themselves as performers. The director was to act as coordinator of the project. At times the director became a collaborator such as in street mime and in rehearsals during the improvisation period, but her main function was to aid the actors in creating mime sketches and to help the actors refine and polish those sketches so that they might be performed. The performance was not an end goal in itself but rather served as a recital for the actors to display what they had learned. It was and still is hoped that the skills the actors learned will benefit them in other performance situations.
Reality and Actualism
Authors:   , Waldrum Harold
Published: February 2023

Man's unique peculiarity is his contemplative process, his aspiration that be does not know all and that those things which remain a mystery to him are somehow better than those things which he understands. Thus, in times of aspirational need, he turns from his awareness to his senses of unawareness, or to things that seem right because they have been proven true. These things have little to do with reality, for reality can only be proved by what is past. If we are to move reality to where it can be used, then it will have to be placed forward of now. A concomitant of man's contemplative process is his ability to record both what he knows and what he aspires to. This thesis is concerned with those things to which he aspires.
Interludes Taken Seriously
Authors:   , Nelson JoAnn
Published: February 2023

A collection of photographs of metal sculptures.
Taxonomy of Chromosomal Races of Geomys Bursarius Lutescens Merrimam
Authors:   , Sudman Philip
Published: February 2023

The taxonomic significance of two chromosomal races of Geomys bursarius lutescens Merriam was reviewed using morphometric, karyotypic, and electrophoretic methods of analysis. The two chromosomally distinct races were well differentiated both genetically and morphometrically and showed no evidence of introgression. Based on the absence of hybridization and introgression, the two chromosomal races could be regarded as separate species. However, each of the chromosomal races has genetic affinities with a more eastern taxon, and previous genetic analysis revealed that the two eastern taxa are only sub-specifically distinct. Moreover, morphometric similarities between the chromosomal races are equivalent to those seen between one of the chromosomal races and another chromosomal race that is distinct at the sub-specific level. The two chromosomal races of G. b. lutescens thus warrant recognition as separate sub-species, one of which is described and named as new.
A Comparison of Academic Engagement and Social Interaction for Four Students with Learning Disabilities Across Instructional Settings with Varying Degrees of Restrictiveness
Authors:   , Murray Brett
Published: February 2023

Despite the growing number of students with disabilities receiving an increasing share of their education in inclusive classrooms, there is little evidence that inclusion increases academic responding or social interactions. The current observational study involved six 5th grade male students, four of whom had been identified as having learning disabilities (LD) and two whom had not been identified with any exceptionality. Two of the students with LD received instruction in a resource room, an inclusion classroom, and in a general education classroom without services. Two other students with LD received instruct ion in a resource room and in general education. The two general education students received instruction in an inclusion classroom and in a general education classroom. The purpose of this study was to record and analyze academic engagement and social interactions for the students across the various educational settings. Within an alternating treatments design, the results indicated that the students with LD exhibited a greater degree of academic responding and fewer behaviors that would interfere with academic responding in the resource room, as opposed to inclusion or the general education setting. The students with LD had their highest degree of social interactions in the resource room and the least amount in the general education setting. Implications regarding the results and future research were discussed.
Osteohistology And Skeletochronology Of An Ontogenetic Series Of Clidastes (Squamata: Mosasauridae): Growth And Metabolism In Basal Mosasaurids
Authors:   , Green Cyrus
Published: February 2023

Clidastes was a large marine reptile from the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America. Though the remains of Clidastes have been found in the Cretaceous chalks and shales for over 150 years, little is known about their growth rates.\r Osteohistology is a well-documented technique used to investigate growth in extinct animals. Previous histological studies of Clidastes have hypothesized higher growth rates in basal mosasaurids than varanids due to higher vascularity. These studies focused on adult specimens but did not look at ontogenetic changes in growth rates. Isotopic studies of Clidastes indicate high metabolic temperatures, leading to speculation these animals had either gigantothermic or endothermic metabolisms. Whether the growth rates in Clidastes are comparable to endothermic or ectothermic animals has not been studied. This study uses osteohistology and skeletochronology to determine age at the time of death, investigate ontogenetic changes in internal bone microstructure, and estimate growth rates through Clidastes ontogeny.\r Four humeri representing a size gradient in Clidastes were histologically analyzed. Skeletochronological ages of the four specimens are yearling (year), juvenile (3-4 years), sub-adult (6-7 years), and possible adult (13-14 years). All humeri show parallel-fibered bone as the main tissue type. Vascularity and growth rates decrease as size and age increase through Clidastes ontogeny. Primary osteons and radial canals seen in early ontogeny decrease until only longitudinal simple canals remain in late ontogeny. Though no growth marks are visible in the yearling, vascularity is much higher than the other specimens, suggesting a higher growth rate during the first year of life. In the juvenile, growth rates in the second year of life are 1.70 µm(day)ˉ¹. In the sub-adult, growth rates in years four and five are 1.65 and 1.75 µm(day)ˉ¹ respectively. In the largest humerus, growth rates in years eight through eleven are variable, but all are less than 0.80 µm(day)ˉ¹. No humeri show evidence of skeletal maturity, though the slowing of growth in the largest humerus could represent sexual maturity or the onset of skeletal maturity.\r Clidastes grew fastest during the first year of life. Growth slowed during the second year but continued at this same rate until after the sixth or seventh year when it slowed again. While this study finds that vascularity in Clidastes is greater than modern varanids, growth rates are more comparable to ectothermic than endothermic animals. Growth rates determined in this study support the gigantothermic rather than endothermic metabolic hypothesis for Clidastes.
The Effects of Golf on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Females
Authors:   , Leiker Michael
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of playing golf on cardiovascular disease risk factors in female golfers and to describe differences in heart rate and walking distance between walking nine holes versus driving/riding a cart nine holes . A one-group pretest, post test was conducted on selected risk factors for heart disease. A description of heart rate and walking distance was included in the study. Golfing a minimum of 3 nine hole rounds of golf per week for 6 months was the treatment. 16 subjects were included in the risk factor data analysis and 15 were included in the analysis relating to the physical cost of golf participation. A multiple analysis of variance was performed to investigate possible differences between pre and post treatment risk factors for heart disease and physical activity levels, walking heart rate, carting heart rate, walking distance, and carting distance. Analysis of the data showed no significant reduction in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, or low-density lipoproteins at the 95% confidence level. There was, however, a significant change in the total cholesterol/HDL ratio (p = 0.02). Mean total cholesterol/HDL ratio improved from 3.02 ± 0.77 to 2.86 ± 0.71. Total weekly physical activity levels did not change significantly. The average heart rate and walking distance for walking nine holes of golf was significantly higher (9 < 0.001) than the average heart rate and walking distance for riding a cart . Even though walking the course nearly doubled the distance walked compared to using a cart, carting involved more steps and distance than anticipated. A season of golf does not provide adequate activity to reduce most measurable risk factors for heart disease, while the change in total cholesterol/HDL ratio was statistically significant in this study , it is not clear that it was a clinically significant change . The total cholesterol/HDL ratio levels, as well as other risk factor levels, of these subjects were not elevated to begin with. Both walking and carting have the potential to contribute to daily accumulation of recommended levels of physical activity for maintaining or improving cardiovascular disease risk factors.
The Effects Of Life History On Expedited Shipping
Authors:   , Armijo Adam
Published: February 2023

This is a thesis studying individual differences in making a selection to expedite shipping. Specifically, the following experiment tested how individuals would make the decision to pay money to expedite shipping based on a few psychological characteristics theoretically linked to how individuals perceive and value time. In the following thesis, life history theory, the monetary-choice questionnaire assessing delay discounting, and gender were used to predict differences in the maximum amount an individual will spend to expedite shipping (as a proportion of total product cost). This was conducted by collecting data from an online population to more closely simulate online purchasing. Participants were given questionnaires and vignettes to describe purchasing. In order to adequately analyze the hypotheses proposed in this thesis a 2 x 2 x 3 mixed Factorial ANOVA was performed with gender and median split mini-k as between group variables, and proportion of total product cost to expedited shipping of product type as a within group variable. None of the hypotheses were supported in this analysis but there was a statistically significant effect for product type, suggesting that participants may discount specific products differently. This study’s main goal was to try and find a predictor for expediting shipping fees. Although none of the hypothesized predictors were significant, delay discounting did have a unique relationship with expedited shipping amount, thus confirming the idea that expedited shipping is related to time perception and delay of gratification.
A Validation of the Hostility Scoring System of the Holtzman Inkblot Technique
Authors:   , Norton Alberta
Published: February 2023

Since the beginning of time man has been intrigued by the unknown. The ever-changing panorama of the skies, the movement of the animals who served as both enemy and prey, and even life itself mystified him, and he sought to explain them. He found that he could look within himself and encounter the greatest enigma of all--the mind. What power did this puzzling organ have over his thoughts, his behavior, the world about him? For the answers to his questions he turned to his sages, his priests, his philosophers, his physicians. As man attempted to understand the function of the mind, there evolved a science, psychology, which concerned itself with lifting the shrouds of mystery which surrounded the mind. As psychology advanced, instruments were developed to use in the exploration of the mind, in the analysis of personality. Among these were the projective techniques, devices of an ambiguous nature at which man looked and reported of what they reminded him. These reports revealed something of the personality of the viewer. One of the oldest of the projective techniques is the inkblot test.
Leadership Development Programs: Exploring The Real Impact Upon Communities And Organizations
Authors:   , Steinert Brandon
Published: February 2023

Leadership development programs are a popular tool utilized by communities and organizations to influence culture, challenge status quo and develop individuals. Research targeting the effectiveness of these programs is voluminous, but much of the work done thus far measures program effectiveness by one of two methods: either by the change in the attitudes and behavior of participants, or by the opinions participants held regarding the content and curriculum of the program. This study sought measure program effectiveness by looking at the real impact upon communities and organizations. This study explored the potential relationship between health and vibrancy of communities and the presence of community leadership programs. Leadership program alumni were interviewed and members of their communities were surveyed to determine if the local program, Leadership Golden Belt in Great Bend, Kansas, is effective in generating leadership and to determine if the actions of alumni were impacting their community’s health.
Type A Personality and Assertiveness
Authors:   , Aman Lori
Published: February 2023

To date, no research has focused on the type A individual’s ability to discriminate between assertion and aggression. Lange and Jakubowski (1976) concluded that before individuals can be assertive they must first be able to discriminate between assertion, aggression and passivity. The purpose of the present research was to determine if type A individuals lack assertiveness and lack the ability to discriminate between assertion, aggression, and passivity. The subjects listened to and rated a tape containing 36 randomly ordered interactions (12 assertive, 12 passive, & 12 aggressive). Fifteen type A individuals and 15 type B individuals were used. To determine if the subjects were type A or B the Jenkins Activity Survey was used. In addition, the subjects’ level of assertiveness was assessed using the Adult Self-Expression Scale, Personal Assertion Analysis, and a self-rated question on assertion. The results indicated that type A individuals made more errors at discriminating assertiveness, aggressiveness and passivity. Type A and B subjects were not found to differ on assertiveness as measured by the ASES. However, on the PAA the two groups differed significantly on both assertiveness and passivity. Results did not indicate a significant difference on aggression between the type A & B individuals on a self-rating questionnaire. Type A individuals perceived themselves to be more assertive than type B individuals. In addition, both groups had an equal understanding of the word assertion. The results are discussed as being characteristic of the business managerial sample used in this study. In addition, the tools used to measure assertiveness, aggressiveness and passivity may not be sensitive enough to accurately measure these constructs. In summary, type A and B individuals do appear to differ with respect to their ability to discriminate between aggression and assertion. Further research needs to be conducted in the area of assertion and type A and B personalities.
The S-R Inventory of Assertiveness
Authors:   , Nystrom Bruce
Published: February 2023

The S-R Inventory of Assertiveness was designed to assess assertive behavior in light of three factors (situations, modes of response, and subjects). It was written by the author and administered to a college student sample. Results indicated that males scored higher than did females. However, females tended to score higher on \positive assertion\ situations, with males scoring higher on \negative assertion\ situations. Test-retest reliabilities were high for mode of response and total scores. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the total scores with the College Self-Expression Scale. Validity coefficients were moderately high (males, r = .594; females, r = .704). The results of a components of variance analysis indicated that situations and the subject X situation interaction, accounted f or a large proportion of the variance in reported assertive behavior.
Creative Expression in Ceramic Design
Authors:   , Miller Eleanor
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects and possibilities of earthenware and stoneware when formed by the pinch or thrown methods. After some experimentation with the two methods it was decided to continue to form various shapes and sizes by the wheel method and discover suitable ornamentation and glazes for each. Rounded forms created by the wheel method seemed to be the most satisfactory. Some of these forms were made in two or three pieces on the wheel and joined by slip and cross hatching after the forms were firm enough to support the upper section. In some of the clay bodies a colorant or speckling agent, such as milled or granular ilmenite, iron oxide, chromium oxide or manganese oxide was used for various effects when used with certain glazes or in a reduction fire. Incised, agraffito, or brushed effects were used to relieve the plainness of some forms. Most of the glazes for both earthenware and stoneware were matt except where a transparent or rutile effect was desired to enable a design to show through or to mingle colors. The band built sculpture, \In the Beginning of Time,\ was stained end waxed requiring no glaze. Experimentation with the various methods, clay bodies, color ants, glazes, sizes, and shapes, has brought the writer to the conclusion that rounded forms have been the most satisfactory and pleasing, and that the possibilities in this method for further creative expression are unlimited.
Test Performance And Study Breaks
Authors:   , McGinley Lori
Published: February 2023

As the culture of American education changes, recess time is declining in favor of instruction time. An important question, however, is whether this shift is truly going to yield the best learning outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effect of taking a break, both mental and physical, on test performance. Seventy college students were tested on their learning of a list of phobias that they had studied in one of three conditions: no break, mental break, and physical break. It was predicted that participants would perform better on a subsequent memory task when a break was included, and that a break involving physical activity would produce better results than a mental break alone. The results showed that the mental break condition had significantly higher scores than the control group but that the physical break condition scores were not significantly different from the control group scores.
Religion and Attitudes Toward Alcoholics
Authors:   , Pfeifer Phyllis
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate attitudes of college students toward alcoholics. The independent variables investigated were gender, academic classification, academic achievement, age, nationality, religious affiliation, and religious participation. The dependent variables consisted of scores from scales of the Attitudes Toward Alcoholics Inventory. A status survey factorial design was employed using three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) for the three composite null hypotheses and a one-way analysis of variance for the post hoc null hypothesis. A total of 110 comparisons were made plus 24 recurring. Of the 110 comparisons, 44 were for main effects and 66 were for interactions. Of the 44 main effects, 6 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 66 interactions, 5 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. students who participate in religious services an intermediate amount are more positive toward Psychological Etiology as a reason for alcoholism than those who seldom participate, 2. students who seldom participate in religious services are more positive toward Humanism (treating alcoholics with respect) than those who participate frequently, 3. students of nationality other than White have a more positive attitude toward Moral Weakness (alcoholics are irresponsible) than White, 4. students with religious affiliation of other are more positive toward Social Rejection (alcoholics are unreliable and embarrassing) than students who are Catholic, 5. gender and participation in religion should be interpreted concurrently for Physical-Genetic Etiology, 6 . classification and participation in religion should be interpreted concurrently for Moral Weakness, 7. age and nationality should be interpreted concurrently for Medical Illness, 8. religious affiliation and participation in religion should be interpreted concurrently for Physical - Genetic Etiology, and 9. religious affiliation and participation in religion should be interpreted concurrently for Social Rejection.
“Life is Still Stronger Than Death”: The Life-Saving Women Doctors of Auschwitz
Authors:   , Honings Jacqueline
Published: February 2023

Before World War II, Jewish individuals held prominent employment roles within society. It was not until Adolf Hitler and the German National Socialist Party (Nazi) party came to power in 1933 in Germany that this idea changed. Men and women quickly lost their jobs and status, even the doctors and lawyers. Three Jewish doctors, Lucie Adelsberger, Gisella Perl, and Olga Lengyel found ways to continue their professions once they went to Auschwitz. They became prison doctors, allowing them to help all of those women and children who needed medical treatment because of experiments and diseases in the camp.\r Adelsberger, an immunologist in Germany before the war, continued her medical work in Auschwitz. She had to quickly learn gynecology to better serve the women and children in her care. Perl and Lengyel, both from modern day Romania studied gynecology in medical school, which helped them while working under Dr. Josef Mengele.\r This thesis provides a unique narrative of these three women, their experiences during World War II, their survival of the Holocaust, and how they helped reinterpret what it meant to be a good physician during and after WWII.
The Influence of Intercultural Interaction on Value Change : A Comparison Between Chinese Students in China and in the United States
Authors:   , Bi Yan
Published: February 2023

This research study investigated the influence of intercultural interaction to people’s value change. Surveys were administered to Chinese students currently studying in China (N=84) and Chinese international students studying in the United States (N=81), by using Chinese Values Survey (CCC, 1987). The results demonstrated that intercultural interaction could impact the value change of Chinese students, and as predicted, Chinese international students who had intercultural interaction in the United States scored lower than Chinese students in China, which indicated that the importance of some Chinese cultural values decreased for these students as they kept intercultural interaction in the United States. However, this study also demonstrated that although there would be some value changes for Chinese international students in the United States, they still tended to keep some Chinese cultural values in the foreign environment to maintain their cultural identity. Detailed analysis was provided in the study.
A Study of Teacher Evaluation as Perceived by Secondary Principals in Western Kansas
Authors:   , Blubaugh Thomas
Published: February 2023

It was the purpose of the researcher to survey administrators in Western Kansas high schools to determine attitudes toward teacher evaluation, practices employed in teacher evaluation and the effect of selected variables upon their opinions. Senior High School administrators surveyed were from high schools West of U.S. Highway 81, including the Salina and Wichita schools. Of the 237 questionnaires mailed, 181 useable ones were returned. This was a return of 76 percent. The following independent variables were investigated: (1) the effect school size had upon administrator’s opinions concerning what should be done and what they were actually doing with teacher evaluation; (2) the effect the number of personnel evaluated had upon the administrator’s opinions concerning what should be done and what they were actually doing; and (3) the effect the number of years in administration had upon administrator’s opinions concerning what should be done and what they were actually doing. Twenty-five hypothesis were tested, four of which were significant at the .05 level.
Cellular Telephone Internet, and Electronic Communication in Senegal, Mali, and Gambia
Authors:   , Camara Oumoul
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT\r New technology is part of the current world. Communication is useful because it helps to share daily life with loved ones. The world of telecommunication has become a valuable criterion in the lives of everyone in developing nations. Wherever one might be, people are prompted to surf on the Internet or engage in social networks. From the morning wake up, the first concern of most people, especially the younger generation, is cellphone or computer use.\r Telecommunication has been in existence since the invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell, and ever since people have seen it as something valuable and important. Africans, Asians, Europeans, and Americans all accept social media and electronic communion as part of life. Research of West Africa will show how telecommunication has become widespread in the black continent. Focus is on how the use of cellular telephones and internet have grown in the studied countries, and the standard of living changes, especially in Senegal, Gambia, and Mali. These three countries have gained tremendous economic advantages from its development. With several telephone and Internet operators, these countries are not left behind.\r Based on qualitative and quantitative responses collected through Survey Monkey, it is clear that some people still have difficulties to access the Internet due to expense. The survey included a series of open-ended and multiple-choice questions, all written in a way that will help glean a clear understanding on how social media and internet are used in Senegal, Gambia, and Mali. The participants of this current study are random citizens of the respective countries met online.\r The survey questions also help to distinguish the main reason for social media usage in the three identified countries. With the use of the feminist theory, a better understanding of how women in these respected areas are taking part of the new electronic communication is gained for scholarship. Social media opens dialogue even though it is not relevant or acceptable for women to have a social presence in public. The main point of this thesis is to discuss the kinds of electronic communication devices, internet access, and cellphone usage, in the respective research countries. It highlights how technology affects an individual’s life in Senegal, Mali, and Gambia.\r Key Words: Electronic Communication, Internet, Cellular Telephones, Social Media, Feminism Theory, Radio, Landline Telephones, Western Africa.
Exploration Criteria for Au and Ag-Ore Deposits in the Pony Express Member of the Jurassic Wanakah Formation, Northeastern San Miguel County, Colorado
Authors:   , Dreiling Douglas
Published: February 2023

Over the last one hundred twenty-five years, massive amounts of gold and silver have been mined from igneous rocks near the town of Telluride, located in San Miguel County, Colorado. Interestingly, not all gold and silver ore occurs in the igneous bodies. A small mining operation located near the town of Sawpit, the Lizzie-G and Jo Dandy claim, has recovered high-grade ore from a limestone replacement body occurring in the Pony Express Member of the Wanakah Formation (Upper Callovian Jurassic). To date, regional stratigraphic and structural studies have not been applied to locate similar sedimentary ore deposits. This study develops area-specific criteria that will assist in locating prospect areas that are similar to the Lizzie-G and Jo Dandy. Geologic methods applied in this study include field and petrographic descriptions of Wanakah Formation strata and analysis of structural elements using filed description, joint and fracture measurements, and aerial photography. Faults and factures were subsequently analyzed following preparation of two lineament maps and numerous stereonets. Most importantly, stratigraphic and structural relationships were investigated in the area of the Lizzie-G and Jo Dandy mines, and two cross sections constructed. Studies indicate that a number of criteria are important in identifying prospect areas. Stratigraphic criteria include the thickness of the Pony Express Limestone, the proximity of igneous rocks to the limestone deposits; and the degree of chemical alteration in igneous rocks. Density of structural features is greatest at the Lizzie-G and Jo dandy mine site and suggest the necessity for a “Conduit” to assist migration of mineralized fluids. Because of mineral deposits mapped near sawpit, faults and fractures trending generally east-west appear to be key for location of ore deposits. Four target prospect areas have been identified along or near the trace of a large normal fault trending approximately N 80 W. This fault is the center of mineralization in the Lizzie-G workings.
Social Media and Young Adult's Well-Being
Authors:   , Howard Clayton
Published: February 2023

Social media has become an integral part of young adult’s lives today. It has moved well beyond simple entertainment, and now can have a profound effect on many areas of functioning. The current study examines various aspects of well-being to see if there is a connection between social media use and global well-being. The participants for this study were 217 undergraduate students from Fort Hays State University. Participants completed a survey designed to measure overall well-being and broad aspects of overall well-being that included the Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale (PHS-WB), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), and the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS). It was hypothesized that greater social media use would have a negative effect on one's self report of well-being. Results did not indicate a significant relationship between social media use and the measure of overall well-being (PHS-WB) or the measure of relationship satisfaction (RAS). However, results did indicate that participants who used social media more had lower scores on the measure of self-esteem (RSES) and higher scores on the measure of social physique anxiety (SPAS). Further analysis also showed that the RSES, RAS, and SPAS had a significant relationship with the PHS-WB, implying that all three measure aspects of well-being. These results suggest that while social media use did not appear to have a significant relationship with overall well-being or relationship satisfaction, it did have a significant relationship with self-esteem and social physique anxiety. Results supported previous research that showed that social media has a complicated relationship with well-being, that can be influenced by a number of factors, including self-esteem. Results also supported research that showed that social media can have a negative effect on self-esteem and body satisfaction. However, these results were contradictory to research which showed that social media use can have a negative effect on relationship satisfaction.
John Keats' \Beauty Is Truth\ as Interpreted Since 1957 by the Critics of the \Ode on A Grecian Urn\
Authors:   , Brown Stanley
Published: February 2023

The final two lines of the “Ode on a Grecian Urn” have occasioned more debate than almost any other lines in English poetry. The controversy stems from there being neither a holograph nor an autograph version of any kind in existence. Among the seven extant sources for the text of the final lines are six possible readings. Since the texts vary in punctuation and capitalization, they furnish no agreement on which critics can further interpret the meaning of the lines and arrive at a final reading. Because much of the criticism up to early 1957 is complied, the present study concentrates on criticism since that time. According to evidence produced by textual scholars, the Lamia reading is the best text for critics to interpret. Critics since 1957 have interpreted the final lines in the context of the “Ode” alone, in the context of the “Ode” taken together with Keats’ other writings, and in terms of all the relevant sources. A reading which presents few problems interprets “Beauty is truth, truth beauty,” as the statement of the urn and “That is all/Ye know on earth and all ye need to know,” as the utterance of the poet to the urn. In the limited world of art “Beauty is truth,” but in the real world of mortals beauty and truth are different. Although this reading is based on the best text made available by textual scholarship and answers most of the problems confronting the other criticisms, it is not to be considered a final reading. Since no final text has come to light in the past 144 years, the possibilities of an autograph version of any kind appearing are very slight. Critics are likely to continue writing about the lines. A final text would not have stimulated the amount of interest hat the variety of texts have. The poem lends itself to a variety of interpretations. Consequently, the thinking to which the lines and their controversy stimulate the reader is much more important than establishing a “final text” or “final reading”. On the basis of available evidence concerning the final two lines of the “Ode on a Grecian Urn”, a “final reading” is neither desirable nor possible.
Arithmetical Vocabulary : A Factor In Verbal Problem Solving In Sixth Grade Arithmetic
Authors:   , Hoopes Ernest
Published: February 2023

During the writer's experience of teaching in elementary and junior high schools in Kansas he had excellent opportunity through supervision and classroom teaching to note a more-than-ordinary difficulty experienced by most children in the subject of arithmetic. Not only was the dull student baffled by the subject but many times the average and good students were \lost\ when certain problems were presented. The exceptional. troublesomeness of this subject led the writer to ponder on the possible cause or causes of incorrect problem solving. One thing was apparent from observation and this was that many children seemed to lack a readiness to go about a problem when it was presented in a number and word form. A typical question asked by the pupils was, ''What does this word mean?\. From this observation clues were gathered which pointed strongly at the vocabulary of arithmetic as one of the main obstacles to be overcome. The verbal or reasoning problem in arithmetic has long been recognized as one of the chief stumbling blocks to most children who fail or at least falter in that particular school subject. With little effort the reader may recall some school mate of bygone years, who may have been an expert at ciphering, but who, when confronted with a reasoning problem, seemed to have no idea as to whether the numbers should be added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided. In addition, after a final answer had been computed, this same individual did not know whether the answer should be dollars, horses, or tons. It is believed that such cases were and are too numerous to be classed as exceptions. Reading has been called the key which unlocks all the school subjects, but it is pretty generally believed that arithmetic is one subject which calls for some special reading ability or abilities. Since vocabulary knowledge plays such an important part in general reading ability, the writer believes that one of the special reading abilities required of those who would succeed in arithmetic is a knowledge of the vocabulary peculiar to arithmetic. The introduction above leads directly to the specific statement of the problem of this thesis, which is, \to discover the extent to which a knowledge of arithmetical vocabulary is a factor in the solution of verbal problems in sixth grade arithmetic\.
Controlling Indirect Techniques in Painting
Authors:   , Jilg Michael
Published: February 2023

A great deal of my painting is accomplished without using the traditional brush on canvas method of applying paint. I use a spray gun, aerosol spray paint cans, splatters, and drips to apply paint to canvas, often masking areas or using stencils to obtain a desired effect in a certain area. Many rich textures can be obtained with these indirect methods. Combining the traditional brush painting techniques with the indirect techniques is a very effective method of controlling the often accidental results of the indirect techniques. This thesis is the result of experimentation with technical aspects of indirect painting combined with brush painting.
A Study of Some Nucleophilic Reactions of 2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane
Authors:   , Chen Gloria
Published: February 2023

This research was designed to investigate the behavior of ±-halogenated nitroparaffins toward nucleophilic reagents. 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane was used as the substrate and the effects of four different nucleophiles, hydroxide, ethoxide, cyanide, and iodide were studied. It was found that the coupling product, 2, 3-dimethy 1-2, 3-dinitrobutane, was the main product obtained from the reaction with hydroxide, ethoxide and cyanide. Substitution, leading to the formation of 2-iodo-2-nitropropane, was found in the reaction with iodine. The kinetics of the substitution reaction in formation of 2-iodo-2-nitropropane had been found to be first order with respects to the concentration of 2-bromo-2-nitropropane. An ionization process leading to the anion of 2-nitropropane, followed by condensation with another molecule of starting material to form a new carbon-carbon bond may be proposed as the reaction pathway of the coupling reaction.
An Action Research Report on Instructional Materials Centers
Authors:   , Dizmang Jimmy
Published: February 2023

This paper is a report on an action-research project carried on at the Holyrood Grade School in Holyrood, Kansas. The information compiled here is the results of nearly eighteen months of study and experimentation in the functional use of an Instructional Materials Center in the Improvement of Instruction. After months of study and planning, the materials center was opened for use January 1, 1961 and has been in operation ever since. The problems and advantages are discussed in this report.
Louis Cochran: Mississippi Novelist
Authors:   , Taylor H.
Published: February 2023

This study is designed to introduce and evaluate the works of a relatively unknown author. To date the name of Louis Cochran has been important only to Faulkner scholars because Cochran attended the University of Mississippi with Faulkner, and to the Disciples of Christ because he brought attention to their founder, Alexander Campbell, in a biographical novel, The Fool of God. It was discovered that in addition Cochran has written eight other books, most of which deal with his native Mississippi. The four sections of this study are a biographical sketch, an account of the Cochran-Faulkner relationship, an evaluation of the six regional novels, and criticism of the two biographical novels. The biographical sketch reveals that Cochran's writing is deeply rooted in his own experience and locale. His relationship with Faulkner was found to be personal, not literary. Cochran's regional novels, when compared with maps, histories, and sociological studies, are accurate portraits of the Mississippi Delta region. When examined for a consistent symbolic meaning they are partially successful. The biographical novels were evaluated as both biography and fiction; some of the pitfalls of the genre became obvious. It also became obvious that when he abandoned the restrictions of biography, Cochran wrote his best novel, Raccoon John Smith. Throughout the study it was observed that Cochran demonstrates a capacity for improvement that might lead one to predict that Cochran's contributions are yet to come.
Effects of a Run-Walk-Run Training Program on One Mile Time Trial Performance
Authors:   , Turpin Ashley
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the change in performance on a timed one-mile run-walk-run, following training in the Galloway Run Walk Run Training Method (GRWRTM). Operational procedures, data collection, and deidentification were performed by the GRWRTM program director prior to inclusion of this study. Over the span of multiple iterations, 42 (28 female and 14 male) participants met the qualifying criterion of performing the post-training, time trial 7, 14, or 21 days after initial testing. Descriptive statistics and t-tests for paired two sample means were performed on 1) all participants, 2) male participants, 3) female participants, 4) all participants with testing dates 7 days apart, 5) all participants with testing dates 14 days apart, and 6) all participants with testing dates 21 days apart. Level of significance was evaluated at p<.05. The results showed a significant direction towards improvement for all hypotheses, except hypothesis 4) all participants with testing dates 7 days apart. The average improvement for all participants, across all testing dates, was 22.53 seconds. These results indicate that the GRWRTM protocol may have potential as a novice style racing approach for performance optimization.