bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“In that day when we met for the frst time”: barriers and and resources of successful transition of foster-children to adulthood
Authors: Shpakovskaya Larisa L. , Chernova Zhanna V. , Garifulina Elvira Sh.
Published: September 2019

The article aims at the analysis of children’s perception of the changes in their lives due to the loss of a biological family and moving to a foster family. We analyze how children experience and subjectively perceive their foster family life experience. On the base of children biographies we build typical life trajectories, which are shaped in institutional, interpersonal and individual level. Social and political context of the foster children autobiographies are set by the reform of deinstitutionalization of child welfare system implemented in Russia in the 2010s. The methodological framework used is the new sociology of childhood, which sees childhood as a socio-historical construct, insists on studying the subjective world of children and taking them as everyday experts. As an empirical material we analyse 253 autobiographies written by foster children and sent to a diary context “Our Stories” (Elena and Gennagy Timchenko Foundation, 2015–2017). The article presents typical biographical trajectories of foster children as stages of transition to adulthood, as well as barriers that they face in this process and resources that are made available to them by the family. The general conclusion of the article is the fact that the biographical trajectories of the transition, which are accessible for foster children are complex, diverse, and individualized. Biographies are presented by their authors not only as a result of external factors, but also as a result of their own actions, as well as the eﬀorts of their foster parents to overcome social stigmatization.
Vegetarian Diet: Consumption in the Context of Asceticism
Authors: Kuz Maria P. , Chernoskutova Valeriia D.
Published: September 2019

The research contributes to the study of the consumer practices and internal structure of vegetarian community. On the one part, vegetarians are seen as ascetic lifestyle followers, whereas on the other vegetarians constitute a part of consumer society as evidenced by the rapid growth in specialty “vegetarian market”. Thus, we come up with the contradiction between vegetarian’s demonstrated ascetic idea of abandoning consumption and real engagement into
the processes governed by the consumer society. The research is conducted in mixed-method design. The qualitative part is formed by 21 in-depth interviews with “experienced vegetariandieters” of various stages in Russia (vegetarians, vegans, raw-vegans and fruitarians). Furthermore, the survey is built on a random sample of the same empirical object (225 selfcompleted questionnaires) in order to estimate and verify some of the qualitative-part results. The research shows that consumption is central to the process of transition to vegetarian diet as takes the adaptive part: identical goods and services contribute to the group assimilation. The extent of adherence to “vegetarian market” is diﬀerentiated according to the type of vegetarian diet. It is supposed that all the vegetarian diets (vegetarianism, veganism, rawism, fruitarianism) can be accounted as unity, which is split into several hierarchical types of diet (stages). The process of transition to various stages (from conventional diet to vegetarianism, from vegetarianism to veganism, from veganism to rawism and fruitarianism) is interpreted via the “rite of passage” theory and its’ three phases (separation, transition and incorporation). The results show that there exists a vegetarian hierarchy, where vegetarian-dieters can sequentially advance their stage via the circular “rite of passage” (which means that each several transition between any of the vegetarianism stages requires anew “rite of passage” to be thoroughly accomplished).
Social insecurity of freelance workers: objective position and subjective perception
Authors: Karpova Galina G. , Ubogova Anastasiya S. , Fedoseeva Anna A.
Published: September 2019

This article is devoted to the social vulnerability of freelance workers and the way it is represented in diﬀerent dimensions of precariousness. According to the previous studies, we identifed the categories of social insurance (fnancial, juridical, lack of social guaranteesand lack of personal well-being) and the most common indicators within each. We conducted a qualitative research using in-depth semi-formal interviews with 21 employees older than 18 years, who are engaged in freelancing at the moment or had such experience in the last couple of years. The number of informants included employees for whom freelance is one of the main sources of income for at least one year. During the interview, the informants were speaking about the subjective assessment of social precariousness and also answered to some questions aimed at identifying the objective features of the precious situation in employment status. In the analysis of subjective assessments of social precariousness, it was revealed that informants cannot be divided into categories according to the degree of precariousness, because they can experience social vulnerability in one or several areas at the same time. According to the results of the study, we propose to consider precariousness as a certain scale from 0 to the maximum value of the insecurity parameters. This approach will take into account the importance of subjective assessment of freelancers’ position, while the dichotomy “precariat — free agent”, which is mostly shared by researchers, does not consider the complexity of this social phenomenon.
The Label of a City as an Element of the Knowledge Economy: The Case of the “City of Science”, Darmstadt
Authors: Eremenko Iuliia A.
Published: September 2019

Many cities all around the world have an offcial label of or call themselves “City of Science”. Marketing studies have shown the inﬂuence of this label on the level of attractiveness of this territory for national and international investors. However, these studies do not explain the reasons for the desire to acquire such a label if the city has the opportunity to qualify for a label associated with the tourism industry. The article considers a city’s image as a construction created in the conditions of competition between cities in the financial market and shows what resources are used by urban marketing to create an image of an ideal place for scientifc activity. In this article, we look into the example of the German “City of Science” — Darmstadt. The study is based on a series of semi-structured interviews with experts in urban history and city development: representatives of scientifc organizations, local politicians, urban activists and supervisors involved in the adaptation of students. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis of the contents of booklets and brochures which describe the city and are produced by the local administration was used. Based on this material, Darmstadt’s representations as a “City of Science” in marketing publications and Darmstadt’s citizens´ daily perception are analyzed. The result of the study was a statement of the unequal representation of Darmstadt’s image for an external consumer, based on the “City of Science” label, and the material space and Darmstadt’s perception by its inhabitants, for whom social interaction on a district and scientifc organization level is the decisive factor for labelling the city.
Social inequality: old form — new incarnation?
Authors: Sushko Pavel E.
Published: September 2019

Book Review: Inequality in the 21st Century. Edited by David B. Grusky and Jasmine Hill. London, New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. 488 p. ISBN 9780813350646 (pbk).
Normless Anomie Index (NLAI): Construction and Validation
Authors: Dembitskyi Serhii S.
Published: September 2019

This article presents the results of constructing and validating the “Normless anomie index” (NLAI) sociological test, designed to measure the level of anomie among Russian-speaking and Ukrainian-speaking respondents. The theoretical validity of NLAI is based on an understanding of anomie that was proposed and detailed in the works of R. Merton. The content of the index is based on normless indicators presented in the articles of D. Dean, G. McCloskey and J. Shaar, as well as indicators presented in this article. The study is based on data from two surveys (November 2018, N = 600; April 2019, N = 600), which represent the adult population of Ukraine according to such parameters as age, gender, type of settlement and region of residence. For the purpose of empirical validation, the factor structure of the theoretical construct was analyzed (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and construct validity was confirmed based on indicators that describe respondents’ political consciousness and their social well-being (correlation analysis). Three versions of NLAI were tested: 1) based on indicators claiming the existence of norms, as well as based on indicators claiming the opposite (survey conducted in 2018); 2) based on indicators claiming only the absence of norms, with more specific wording (survey conducted in 2019); 3) based on indicators claiming only the absence of norms, with more abstract wording (survey conducted in 2019). A conclusion is made about the higher quality of the second version of NLAI.
A classifier of answers to the NLAI indicators is proposed, which allows for categorizing respondents into four groups: anomic (predominance of answers which indicate the absence of norms), ambivalent (there are answers indicating both the absence of norms and their presence), undefined (answers prevail which indicate the absence of a clear position) and non-anomic (prevailing answers indicating the presence of norms).
On the nature of void, rising on the place of marxism-leninism from the beginning of the 1990s. Study on the sociology of knowledge
Authors: Malinkin Alexander N.
Published: September 2019

This article examines the history of Russian sociology from the viewpoint of sociology of knowledge, specifically the period of history from the early 1990’s to the mid-2000’s. The external historical context, as well as the internal mental and theoretical-methodological consequences associated with the fall of Marxist-Leninist ideology are all analyzed. Digressing from the emotional psychological experiences and value judgments of sociologists, the author sees an ideological challenge in the void that arose in place of Marxism-Leninism. His focus is on the actual responses to this challenge in the form of attempts made by Russian sociologists to fill and comprehend said void. In particular, the author touches upon the “polyparadigmatic approach” concept proposed by V.A. Yadov, in association with the controversy that arose between him and the creator of this concept. The author considers the “epistemological anarchism” doctrine by P. Feyerabend and finds that it has a lot in common with the concept of a “polyparadigm approach”.
Type of Employment Contract and Subjective well-being
Authors: Monusova Galina A.
Published: September 2019

Transformation of the industrial relations in the European countries is often associated with the expansion of various non-standard forms of employment, among which is temporary or fixed-term employment. Fixed-term contracts are associated with erosion of the existing social model, and can affect objective (like earnings and working conditions) as well as subjective (like satisfaction or feelings of stress) workers’ well-being. The focus of this study is the subjective well-being of those who have fixed-term employment contract in comparison with holders of the open-ended contract. Sociological research literature sees often temporary employment as “precarious” and “socially deficient”, and associated with a very low level of social well-being. This study tries to show that the relationship between the type of employment contract and subjective well-being is not simple and causal, and reflects the impact of confounding factors like the quality of human capital and the composition of jobs filled with temporary workers. This conclusion has important implications for economic and social policy. The empirical analysis exploits data from the European Social Survey (ESS, 2012– 2016) and looks at such dimensions as life and job satisfaction, social status assessment, psychological depression and anxiety, expectations of losing work and income over the next 12 months. The results indicate ambiguity of the effect of temporary employment on the subjective assessments. Different indicators respond differently to the type of contract. Workers with similar human capital and occupying comparable jobs tend to show comparable levels of present subjective well-being regardless of the contract type they possess. However, fixed-term contracts are more likely to generate depression, anxiety and uncertainty about future prospects.
The Determinants of Financial Disagreements in Russian Families
Authors: Zhidkova Polina A.
Published: September 2019

Western researchers highlight financial arguments between spouses as the key predictor of family disruption and divorce. Moreover, such arguments between partners are defined as the most difficult and prolonged. Meanwhile, the topic of money in general is considered an utter taboo in society, due to the underlying matter of power. However, the question of what are the determinants of financial disagreements emerging remains a blank spot in a vast body of research devoted to marital conflicts and financial management. This study is an attempt to fill this gap and answer questions about what may lead to their occurrence. At the theoretical level, it was suggested that there are 5 aspects that influence financial disagreements: financial management in the family, the distribution of power and household responsibilities, each spouse’s contribution to the family budget, their employment and financial difficulties in the family. The empirical study is based on the Survey of Consumer Finance data of the 2013 wave, as well as three methods of analysis (classification trees, logistic regression and log-linear analysis). The data shows that the main determinants of frequent disagreements about money in families are: the combination of a cohabitation form of relationship and independent financial management, a couple consisting of a non-thrifty husband and a wasteful wife. To decrease the frequency of financial arguments, it is vital for a man to have traditionalist attitudes and a higher degree of satisfaction with making financial decisions compared to a woman.
Sociology of Family and Childhood in the Work of James Bossard
Authors: Krihtova Tatiana M.
Published: September 2019

This article is a review of the academic works of American sociologist James Bossard. During his life he wrote a vast number of articles and books on family, marriage, childhood and parenting, using a variety of methods for collecting and analyzing information. Despite his active academic and social life, James Bossard is very little known in the Russian-speaking environment. James Bossard creates his own set of approaches towards studying family, which should cover all significant aspects of the latter. Said set is based on approaches that can be divided into three main categories, which will be discussed in the review: family rituals, family heterogeneity and family as a field for change. Meanwhile he also described other issues: happiness and unhappiness in the family, the differences between large and small families, the role of children in the family, rites of passage, the impact of war on families. James Bossard is also worthy of interest as a productive researcher with unconventional approaches to working with material, as well as a peculiar sign of the time. The main goal of the author of this review is to draw attention to this sociologist’s legacy, since many of his works are also relevant in modern Russia.
On the Conditions and Means of Knowledge Transfer in Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Avdonin Vladimir S.
Published: September 2019

The first part of this article discusses the methodology for studying the conditions and means of knowledge transfer in interdisciplinary research. It is based on a combination of methodology from historical, socio-cultural and scientific research applied to the study of the conditions of interdisciplinary communication, with a methodological approach characteristic of the philosophy and epistemology of science, focusing on studying means of transfer. It is suggested that conceptual metaphors, or semantic transfers between conceptual domains, which are studied in cognitive linguistics, be considered as such tools. The article analyzes their role in interdisciplinary transfer using the author’s parallel dictionary methodology. The second part of the article shows the application of this approach to studying specific interdisciplinary knowledge transfer based on the examples of a number of relevant and developing interdisciplinary areas. Three examples were specifically examined: the transfer of knowledge between evolutionary biology and evolutionary computation; between evolutionary biology and evolutionary political science and biological science and semiotics.
Developing a Common Language Area in Interdisciplinary Interaction: Reflections on the Experience of Cooperation Between Specialists Working in Exact and Social Sciences, 1990–2010s
Authors: Klimov Ivan A. , Klimova Svetlana G. , Mikheyenkova Maria A.
Published: September 2019

This article considers the subject of interdisciplinary interaction among specialists working in exact and social sciences as a practice of exchanging ideas about social reality; mutual adaptation of these ideas; empirical verification of the universal formal logic rules applied to specific tasks of sociological research. Such formulation of the subject goes beyond the problem of adapting educational programs to “literacy classes” for potential partners. It is maintained that in inter-professional communication it is important to formulate conceptual systems of common use not “in general”, not for all possible cases, but with regard to the problem addressed by consolidated effort. For such conceptual systems we use the term “common language area” according to the ideas of epistemologists (Ilya Kasavin). Elements of these conceptual systems include paradigms, concepts, tools and procedures mobilized for collaborative work. Readers are offered a description of the experience of cooperation between mathematicians and sociologists in 1990 – 2010s in the qualitative analysis of sociological data — which is an area of concern for both sociology and exact methods. To find a cooperative solution, we needed to develop a system of basic propositions regarding the object and purpose of the research; to put together a structure of sociological data suitable for using the proposed formal tool; to carry out empirical verification of the formalized language of logic-mathematical reasoning. This work has made it possible to explicate the opportunities and limitations when it comes to interpreting results. The article draws conclusions about the specifics of communication in a team of specialists, including sociologists and mathematicians, and about the development of a common language area in the field of cooperation that deals with qualitative analysis of sociological data. Our experience of cooperation in using formalized qualitative analysis of sociological data shows that, when it comes to the need to solve a common problem, partner role relations turned out to be the most effective (rather than role pairs such as “teacher-student” or “seller-buyer”).
P.A. Sorokin’s Participation in the Process of Institutionalizing Sociology in Russia
Authors: Glotov Mikhail B.
Published: September 2019

This article is an overview of P.A. Sorokin’s participation in the processes of developing sociology as a science in Russia during his studies at the Department of Sociology at the Psychoneurological Institute, at the Faculty of Law at the St. Petersburg University, in preparation for thesis presentation during the First World War and in the early years of the Soviet regime. Particular attention is paid to his publications, participation in organizing the functioning of the first Russian sociological society named after M.M. Kovalevsky, Department of Sociology at the Petrograd University and in the empirical research conducted by the Sociological Institute.
Sociological Realism in the Early Works of Pitirim Sorokin
Authors: Shmerlina Irina A.
Published: September 2019

The subject of this article is the theoretical and methodological foundations for P.A. Sorokin’s sociological concept, set forth in his work “The System of Sociology” (1920). The article analyzes Sorokin’s interpretation of the dilemma of nominalism / realism and some general features of the vision of this dilemma in the field of sociological thought, namely: the failure to distinguish the notion “sociality” as an abstract concept and as an idea of society in the Platonic sense, the conversion of said dilemma into the form of the “atomism / holism” antitheses, and an anthropomorphic interpretation of holism. It is shown that in his attempt to establish a realistic view of the nature of social phenomena, while avoiding the extremes of its “literal” interpretation, Sorokin develops the methodology of analytical and material realism. From the author’s point of view, the concept of the conductor proposed by Sorokin corresponds to the modern interest in nonverbal semiotics, while the instrumental interpretation of a person as a participant in social interactions corresponds to later developments, which maintain an “out-of-subject” line in sociological analysis.
From Non-Linear Knowledge to Non-Linear Trust
Authors: Zborovsky Garold E. , Ambarova Polina A.
Published: September 2019

This article is devoted to disclosing the idea of trusting knowledge, which is laid out in the monograph “Trusting knowledge in conditions of social turbulence: risks, vulnerabilities, security challenges”. The genre of the article/review allowed for presenting the key positions of the sociological conception and the results of empirical research conducted by the book’s authors (the research team of MGIMO University under the guidance of Professor S.A. Kravchenko), as well as for interpreting them while taking into account our own theoretical and methodological approaches to the phenomenon of trust and the results of its research.
The article deals with concepts that have become the basis for the book — the concept of institutional trust in knowledge systems, and the concept of how the dynamics of institutional trust impact the system of producing and spreading knowledge. Highlighted is the novelty and originality of the author’s interpretations of scientific knowledge dynamics — from linear to non-linear knowledge. Following this, we present our own interpretations of the problem of nonlinear trust — as a response to the ideas of the monograph’s authors on the dynamics of reflexive trust (from linear to non-linear). Special attention is paid to the criteria for evaluating scientific knowledge which bears credibility in the eyes of various social actors.
The reflections on the book “Trusting knowledge in conditions of social turbulence: risks, vulnerabilities, security challenges” which this article/review contains fit into the broad context of the theoretical and methodological problems with studying the phenomenon of trust. Shown are possible paths for developing sociological research of trust, while taking into account the ideas presented in the monograph.
New in the System of Sociological Concepts and Terms. [Rev.] The dictionary of newest sociological terms with English equivalents. Ed. by S.A. Kravchenko. Moscow: MGIMO MID RF publ., 2019
Authors: Andreenkova Anna V.
Published: September 2019

New book reviewed in this article is the result of theoretical-lexicographical research which was conducted by authors on the base on the extensive analysis of contemporary sociological theories of different national schools and frameworks of sociology. The dictionary includes about 300 new terms and concepts developed by more than 30 leading international sociologists of the second part of XX – beginning of XXI century. It suggests the scientific translation of these terms into Russian and condensed explanation of each term from the point of view of different sociological theories. The review examines how new Dictionary helps to develop common conceptual framework for Russian and international sociologists, to include international experience and achievements into national Russian research process, to enhance the exchange and the integration of knowledge and scientific results between Russian sociological school and international science.
The Social Identity Change of Little Bee as the Main Character in Chris Cleave‟s The Other Hand
Authors: Rani Riska Hendika
Published: September 2019

Chris Cleave‟s novel entitled The Other Hand pictures an African refugee‟s life in the United Kingdom and her struggle to survive in the country. As an illegal refugee from Africa who smuggles herself into a tea ship, Little Bee, the refugee, has to stay in the immigration detention center when she arrives in the United Kingdom. She deals with identity issues during her two-year-stay in the immigration detention center. The questions such as „why don‟t British people treat her in a good way‟ and „why do British people get respect and she does not‟ make her want to be treated like a British, which she assumes, being treated nicely in the United Kingdom. Under the paradigm of social identity theory which contains the three stages of identity formation proposed by Henri Tajfel and John Turner, this study attempts to explain Little Bee‟s process of identity formation. Focusing on Little Bee‟s struggle in the United Kingdom as an illegal refugee from Africa, this study analyzes the three stages of identity formation that Little Bee has been through during her social identity transformation, as well as the factors influencing her and her struggle during the process.
Error correction and uncertainty measurement of short-open-load calibration standards on a new concept of software defined instrumentation for microwave network analysis
Authors: Nazrin M. , Hashim S. J. , Rokhani F. Z. , Ali B. M. , Yusoff Z.
Published: September 2019

Software-Defined Radio (SDR) has appeared as a sufficient framework for the development and testing of the measurement systems such as a signal generator, signal analyzer, and network analysis used in the network analyzer. However, most of researchers or scientists still rely on commercial analyzers were larger benchtop instruments, highly cost investment and minimum software intervention. In this paper, a new concepts measurement revolution called as Software Defined Instrumentation (SDI) on network analysis is presented, which is based on reconfigurable SDR, a low-cost implementation, ability to access RF chain and utilizing open source signal processing framework. As a result, a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) has been successful implemented by deploying an SDR platform, test sets, and data acquisition from the GNU Radio software in host PC. The known calibration process on SHORT-OPEN-LOAD (SOL) technique is validated to ensure measurement data from this SDI free from systematic error. Two types of SOL calibration standards used for a comparison study to validate the SDI measurement system which is capable of generating the response on the differential of standard quality and accuracy of standards kits. Finally, calibration uncertainty analysis is also presented in this work by utilizing RF open source package without any cost addition.
Performance evaluation of LoRa LPWAN technology for IoT-based blast-induced ground vibration system
Authors: Ragam Prashanth , Nimaje D. S.
Published: September 2019

The recent proliferation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) evolution into the Internet of Things (IoT) vision enables a variety of low-cost monitoring applications which allows a seamless transfer of information via embedded computing and network devices. Ambiguous ground vibration can be induced by blasting demolition is a severe concern which grievously damages the nearby dwellings and plants. It is an indispensable prerequisite for measuring the blast-induced ground vibration (BIGV), accomplishing a topical and most active research area. Thus, proposed and developed an architecture which emphasizes the IoT realm and implements a low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) based system. Especially, using the available Long-Range (LoRa) Correct as Radio Frequency (RF) module, construct a WSN configuration for acquisition and streaming of required data from and to an IoT gateway. The system can wirelessly deliver the information to mine management and surrounding rural peoples to aware of the intensity of BIGV level. In this article, an endeavor has been made to introduce a LoRa WAN connectivity and proved the potentiality of the integrated WSN paradigm by testing of data transmission-reception in a non-line of sight (NLOS) condition. The path loss metrics and other required parameters have been measured using the LoRa WAN technology at 2.4 GHz frequency.
Developing new heat pump system to improve indoor living space in senior long-term care house
Authors: Lu Chao-Hung , Liao Ming-Cheng , Lin Wen-Chin , Sung Wen-Pei
Published: September 2019

The issue of an aging population is becoming increasingly acute in Taiwan; in 2018, seniors comprised over 14 % of the total population. The quality of care for senior citizens hinges on the ability of long-term care facilities to create comfortable living spaces while ensuring energy efficiency by reducing electricity consumption, thereby providing them with an environment for aging in an active and positive way. This study proposes a new heat pump system that offers a cold source in the summer and a heat source in the winter. In addition, the air-conditioning and ventilation rates required for comfort in indoor living spaces are established to ensure the high quality of the care spaces in these types of institutions. The results after installation of the heat pump system were as follows: (1) Performance of the heat pump system: the inlet temperature of the heat pump chilled water was maintained at 7-10 °C, and the outlet temperature, at 42-54 °C. (2) Energy efficiency: Based on a 95 % confidence interval, the average annual electricity consumption was 32.65 kwh/day, which was 32.65 % of the prior consumption level; the reduction of 67.35 % is comparable to those of most heat pump systems. (3) Improvement of the indoor environment: In the hottest scenario, the indoor temperature was reduced by 3 °C and the relative humidity to 55-65 %, which fall within comfortable ranges. After the heat pump system was introduced, significant improvements in ventilation, air quality and comfort were noted, as well as significant improvement in average total satisfaction scores. All improvements reached statistical significance. The overall objective of the system is to enhance the environmental quality in long-term senior care facilities and make them healthier and more energy efficient.
Influence of location of measurement point on evaluation of human perception of vibration
Authors: Kowalska-Koczwara Alicja
Published: September 2019

Human perception of vibration is very subjective parameter which depends among others on age, sex or even nationality. There are three main methods of assessment of human perception of vibration according to national standards which differ from each other. All three methods are clearly described in this paper and their advantages and disadvantages are shown. Evaluation methods are helpful in diagnosis and design of the building when they are used properly. One of interesting aspect of quality of measurements is localization of measurement points. The choice of localization of measurement points could have significant influence on result of evaluation of human response to vibration. International and national standards are compatible in this matter – measurement points should be localized in the place of human vibration perception. It means that should be located in the middle of the floor. Sometimes it is difficult to determine the exact center of the floor, especially when building has irregular construction. In this paper influence of localization of measurement point on human perception of vibration is investigated and center zone in which measurement results are proper is determined. In-situ measurements were made to investigate the problem of localization of human vibration perception in buildings.
Controlled cascading waterfall technology of crushing raw materials on the value of its current strongholds
Authors: Adambayev Murat , Zhauyt Algazy , Yussupova Saltanat
Published: September 2019

The results of laboratory studies of innovative technology for grinding raw materials are presented. Grinding technology is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the industry. The obtained data confirm the possibility of obtaining breakthrough technical and economic indicators in the implementation of the proposed innovative technology of grinding raw materials in ball mills. The latter is achieved by maintaining in them the optimal trajectories of intra mill loading on the basis of the use of a controlled cascade-waterfall grinding mode, depending on the constantly changing physical and mechanical properties (grind ability, strength) of the ground product. At the same time, the mill effectively implements the most efficient grinding regimes (blow, abrasion, crushing), depending on the current strength of the crushed raw materials. Tests have shown the possibility of reducing the specific energy consumption depending on the strength of the crushed material by 31-44 % with a simultaneous increase in the performance of the mill for raw materials of various strength classes by 22-57 %. For the industrial tests of the proposed technology, two systems of automatic control of the strength of the comminuted material in the mill have been developed.
Modeling of mechanism with linear hydraulic drive system
Authors: Mickoski Hristijan , Djidrov Marjan
Published: September 2019

This paper presents computational modeling results of a mechanism with hydraulic drive system that performs linear or transversal motion. This mechanism is commonly used in the construction mechanization and the simulation model analysis is obtained by using Matlab/Simulink. Connection of mechanical and hydraulic elements makes this mechanism quite specific and the linking of the mechanical and hydraulic parts is presented. The simulation modeling allows the force and velocity of piston from hydraulic cylinder to be obtained which are necessary components for further projecting of hydraulic drive system.
Thermal shock behaviour on generalized thermoelastic semi-infinite medium with moving heat source under Green Naghdi-III model
Authors: Singh Biswajit , Pal (Sarkar) Smita
Published: September 2019

The present article deals with the thermal shock response in an isotropic thermoelastic medium with a moving heat source. In this context Green and Naghdi type III model of generalized thermoelasticity theory is considered. The basic equations are expressed as vector-matrix differential equation form. The considered formulation is applied to a semi-infinite solid space. The analytical formulations of the problem in the Laplace transform domain have been solved by eigenvalue approach technique. The inversion of Laplace transform is completed by Zakian method. The variation of the temperature, displacement and stress distributions for different values of time and heat source velocity are shown graphically for two different cases. In the first case, a thermal shock free surface is considered subjected to traction and in the second case the surface is under the influence of time dependent thermal shock. Finally, some comparisons of the results for different time and moving heat source velocity are presented. In presence of moving heat source all the thermophysical quantities have a great significant effect in all the distributions.
Forecasting probable maximum precipitation using innovative algorithm to estimate atmosphere precipitable water vapor
Authors: Mohammadkhani Mohammad Reza , Shishegaran Aydin , Shokrollahi Behnam
Published: September 2019

Total Precipitable Water Vapor (TPW) has an impact on many atmospheric and hydrological processes which can be calculated by the spatial and temporal resolution of weather conditions. Moreover, precipitable water vapor plays a significant role in predicting the weather so that climate change can be constantly monitored by spatial and temporal variations. Water vapor is one of the most abundant greenhouse gases that has an increasing effect on the heat of the earth. Therefore, zonation of precipitable water vapor map in global scale improves the understanding of hydrologists from the hydrological cycle, Earth and atmosphere reactions, the energy cost, and climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. The complex reactions between water vapor, aeroes and clouds, and difficulties in estimating their true amounts make it impossible to evaluate the effect of water vapor on heightening the heat generated by greenhouse gases. One of the most common methods for estimating the precipitable water vapor is the use of remote sensing technique since satellite images are captured continuously within a spatial area. The most crucial advantage of estimating precipitable water vapor by using microwave data over other methods such as optical data is its application and availability on cloudy days. Since microwaves are capable of crossing the clouds, algorithms developed based on them remain functional, whereas optical-based algorithms do not show appropriate performance on the cloudy days. In this study, the efficiency of the remote sensing microwave data in estimating precipitable water vapor parameter has been evaluated in different areas of Iran in order to achieve an algorithm which can predict the desired parameter precisely at spatial resolution and within extreme weather conditions as well as drought.
Vibrations of the nonlinear system in which stationary harmonic excited multivalued regimes in the vicinities of resonances do not exist
Authors: Ragulskis K. , Ragulskis L.
Published: September 2019

A nonlinear dynamical system is investigated which consists from a mass between two linear elastic connecting elements with different coefficients of stiffness. Laws of vibrations and characteristics of eigenvibrations of the system as well as of self-decaying vibrations of the system with damping and of the system with harmonic excitation are determined. Dynamical qualities of the system are revealed. It is shown that the system has infinite number of eigenfrequencies and that in the resonance zones multivalued stable and unstable motions do not exist in the system.
Pedestrian traffic induced lateral vibration including the effect of TMD
Authors: Gao Yan An , Zhang Wei-Dong , Namdar Abdoullah , Zhu Ye
Published: September 2019

This study explores the dynamic behavior of beam induced by bipedal pedestrian traffic and corresponding vibration reducing method by tuned mass damper. Each pedestrian from motion crowd simplifies as a bipedal robot comprised of a lump mass and two massless spring-damping legs. In addition, the tuned mass dampers are installed on the bottom of structure to relieving the vibration of structure. The interactions among pedestrians, tuned mass dampers and structure are considered to establish a governing equation. Research indicates that both the tuned mass damper and pedestrian evidently alter the structural properties of the structure by affecting its frequency and damping capacity. The structure tends to be gently flexible at a lower frequency as pedestrian walk across its surface, but the corresponding damping capacity of the structure is improved. The tuned mass damper always improves both the vibration response and dynamic properties of structure. However, its self-dynamic characteristics of the tuned mass damper tend to deteriorate. The tuned mass damper relieves effectively the lateral vibration in a slender structure than the rigid structure. The change in the mass ratio of tuned mass damper to structure affects significantly the dynamic behaviors of structure. In addition, the layouts of the tuned mass dampers on structure also have remarkable influences on the behaviors. The results of this study provide potential pathways for understanding the vibratory mechanisms of slender structures such as footbridges, grandstands, or stations under crowd excitations.
Association Between Walking Speed and Urinary Incontinence in the Older Women. Which Patients Should be Referred to Geriatricians?
Authors: Atmis Volkan , Guler Basak
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE: Primary end-point of this study was to detect if there is an association between walking speed and urinary incontinence in older women and secondarily to detect an association between urinary incontinence with other geriatric syndromes.STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective and cross-sectional study. Three hundred and eighty-nine old aged women admitted to the Geriatrics Department of Ankara University were enrolled and urinary incontinence and type of urinary incontinence, Handgrip strength test, Timed up and Go test, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Lawton Index of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Mini-Mental State Evaluation, Geriatric Depression Scale, Body Mass Index (BMI) of these participants were recorded. Association of urinary incontinence and these parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: The median age of the study population was 68 (58-86 years of age). Two hundred and fifty-eight (66.32%) had hypertension, 122 (31.36%) had diabetes mellitus, 51 (13.11%) had asthma/Chronic obstructive lung disease, 49 (12.59%) had coronary artery disease and 9 (2.31%) had cerebrovascular disease. One hundred and seventy-eight (45.7%) patients had urinary incontinence (88 urge, 55 stress, 35 mixed). One hundred and eight (27.76%) of patients had Mini-Mental State Evaluation score ≤23. Patients with urinary incontinence detected to have a longer duration of Timed Up and Go test, higher Geriatric Depression Scale score and BMI with p-values 0.005, 0.004, and <0.01 respectively; and lower Activities of Daily Living (Katz-Activities of Daily Living) score with a p-value of <0.01 results. Mini-Mental State Evaluation and Mini Nutritional Assessment scores were not statistically different between the continent and incontinent group.CONCLUSION: Whenever urinary incontinence is detected in an older woman, geriatrician referral should be considered since urinary incontinence is associated with decreased walking speed, Handgrip strength test, Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living or increased Geriatric Depression Scale; any of which is a symptom or result of at least one geriatric syndrome.
Development of a Mobile Phone App to Promote Safe Sex Practice Among Youth in Stockholm, Sweden: Qualitative Study
Authors: Nielsen Anna , Bågenholm Aspasia , De Costa Ayesha
Published: September 2019

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) has been shown to be effective in increasing knowledge of sexual health among youth. To date, evaluations mostly refer to interventions delivered via computer, email, and text messages. The possibility of downloading apps on mobile devices has opened up opportunities to develop engaging interventions on safe sexual health promotion. To attract young users and have them engage with a sexual health app, it is important to involve youth in intervention development.

Objective

This study aimed to obtain input from youth on the content of a mobile phone app intended to promote safe sex and increase condom use among youth in Stockholm.

Methods

This study was conducted at the Youth Health Clinics (YHC) in Stockholm County, Sweden. A total of 15 individual in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions (with youth aged 18-23 years) were conducted at the YHC in Stockholm. Areas explored were: (1) youth perceptions of condom use (advantages and obstacles), (2) perceptions of mHealth to promote safe sexual practices, and (3) content development for a mobile phone app to promote safe sex.

Results

The smartphone app was developed based on the categories that emerged from the data. With regard to content, youth requested sex education, including information on sexually transmitted infections. In addition, condom-specific information, including practical usage technique, advice on how to have the condom talk, and how to decrease shame related to condom use, was requested. Youth suggested different modes to deliver the content, including text messages, movie clips, and push notifications. It was suggested that the tone of the messages delivered should be fun, entertaining, and supportive. The inputs from youth influenced the development of the following sections of the app: Condom Obstacles and Solutions; Quiz; Games; Self-Refection; Challenges; Stories by Peers (stories from peers and information from a doctor); Condom Tips, Pep Talk, and Boosting; and Random Facts.

Conclusions

It is important to use input from youth when developing a smartphone intervention since the success of the intervention largely depends on the level of engagement and usage by youth. Furthermore, if proven efficient in increasing condom use, it is important that the development, including content and mode, is thoroughly described so that the intervention can be replicated. Likewise, if proven inefficient, it is important to learn from mistakes to improve and adjust the intervention. The effect of this smartphone app on safe sexual practices among youth is being evaluated in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial in Stockholm (ISRCTN13212899) and will be reported separately.