bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Miskonsepsi Siswa SMP kelas VII pada Materi Himpunan Menggunakan Three Tier Test
Authors: Windari Surya Safitri , Sridana Nyoman , Wulandari Nourma Pramestie , Subarinah Sri
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan miskonsepsi dalam materi himpunan pada siswa kelas VII.A SMPN 5 Masbagik melalui tes three tier test. Jenis penelitian kualitatif. 23 siswa kelas VII.A SMPN 5 Masbagik adalah subjek penelitian. Tes dan pedoman wawancara adalah  instrument penelitian yang digunakan. Teknik analisis data melibatkan reduksi data, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Miskonsepsi diidentifikasi menggunakan tes diagnostik three tier test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan siswa mengalami miskonsepsi pada materi himpunan 78%, dengan kriteria miskonsepsi 1 (siswa diberikan perlakuan tes three tier test dimana jika siswa menjawab dengan benar, kemudian tidak dapat menjelaskan penyelesaian dari tes yang diberikan serta yakin terhadap apa yang siswa jawab 30%), miskonsepsi 2 (siswa menjawab dengan salah tes yang diberikan, akan tetapi siswa dapat menjelaskan tes yang diberikan dengan baik serta yakin terhadap jawabannya 9%), dan miskonsepsi 3 (siswa menjawab dengan salah tes yang diberikan serta siswa tidak mampu menjelaskan dengan benar tes yang diberikan dan siswa yakin terhadap apa yang siswa berikan jawabannya 39%). Penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi yaitu kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang materi himpunan, kurangnya minat dan keinginan siswa untuk mempelajari materi yang telah mereka pelajari, dan kurangnya minat siswa untuk mempelajari materi yang telah mereka pelajari sebelumnya.
Engaging with the Past: Digital Games and Italy’s Heritage Preservation
Authors: Nováková Lucia , Aksay Bilge , De Leone Renato
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the evolving role of video games and gamified applications in promoting and preserving cultural heritage in Italy. With the growing integration of digital tools into museum strategies, cultural institutions have embraced these technologies to engage broader audiences through interactive and immersive experiences. The paper explores how innovations such as augmented and virtual reality, combined with educational games, are transforming the fruition of cultural heritage. Additionally, the study highlights the impact of these digital initiatives on public participation, community engagement, and the long-term sustainability of heritage preservation efforts.
By exploring case studies and reviewing current research, this paper attempts
to address the challenges and opportunities presented by the digital transformation of cultural institutions while considering the potential impacts on heritage promotion in the future
Gamification for Community-Based Heritage Work – A Case Study from Romania
Authors: Miloiu Silviu , Musteata Sergiu
Published: February 2025

In this article, the authors discuss the role of gamification in promoting information about cultural heritage, which contributes to a better interpretation and presentation of cultural sites. The study is part of a broader approach within a European project. Various practices for applying the gamification method are discussed based on case studies that allow for a critical analysis of how heritage assets are presented and their impact on the general public. Thus, in the case of Romania, the article’s authors discuss how the cultural
heritage of Rasinari is given through the Questo Game and the Climate Heritage Game project. The study closes with a series of conclusions regarding the Accessibility, Inclusion, and Creativity of gamification techniques in promoting cultural heritage. It also offers recommendations for ensuring a scientific interpretation and understanding of cultural heritage when applying gamification methods.
MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN MIXED SYRUP CONTAINING ERDOSTEIN AND CETIRIZIN STORED AT DIFFERENT STORAGE TEMPERATURE
Authors: Cahyanti Naomi Dwi , Purwaningsih Hesti , Angelia Inez , Deki Yohanes Damasus Natanael , Ramadhan Gilang
Published: February 2025

Pharmaceutical services include drug dispensing activities, including drug compounding. Drug compounding is the process of mixing or changing ingredients to produce drugs that suit patient needs. Unmonitored storage conditions for compounded drugs in the community can affect the evaluation of the physical, chemical, and microbial contamination stability. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of storage temperature on the results of the evaluation of microbial contamination in compounding syrup pharmaceuticals, so it can provide education to the public about the storage patterns that have been carried out so far. Evaluation of microbial contamination in this study included contamination of the Total Yeast and  Mold Count (TYMC) and Total Plate Count (TPC). The objective of this study was a mixture of Erdostein syrup and cetirizine tablets. The research materials used for the microbial contamination test were mineral water, sterile water, Plate Count Agar (PCA) media, and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The results of the study in the form of TYMC and TPC on day 0 were 0 cfu/mL. After 7 days of storage, microorganisms, namely TYMC, grew at room temperature (<30°C) 4.98x102 cfu/mL and cold temperature (2-8°C) 2.2x102 cfu/mL. The TPC results at room temperature storage (<30°C) were 8.33x102 cfu/mL and at cold temperatures (2-8°C) were 3.67x102 cfu/mL ...
Investigating the Impact of the Air Void Charges on the Surface Electric Field Distribution of the GIS Spacer
Authors: D. Awad Ahmed , N. Saleh Dawood
Published: February 2025

One of the important components of the gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) system are spacers. These insulators are not free from some manufacturing and operational defects that adversely affect their performance, and among these defects is the presence of air voids inside the solid insulator, which may be exposed to high electric fields that may lead to partial discharges within the voids. These partial discharges may cause the accumulation of charges on the surfaces of these insulators, increase the concentration of the electric field, and cause electric flashover across the interface surfaces between the SF6 gas and the solid insulator. With a 2D axisymmetric model based on finite element analysis (FEA) implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software, this study investigates the impact of the charges that accumulated on the inner surfaces of the void on the electric field distribution of the spacer's interior and exterior surfaces, as their effect is investigated when they are in different size and locations inside the insulator. This effect is more noticeable when the density of charges on the inner surface of the void increases to 1 (µC/m^2) and the radius is 2 mm. When the void positioned 1 mm from both the inner and outer surfaces of the spacer, the electric field values are 14.55 and 9.4 MV/m, respectively. The impact site on the spacer surface is narrow within 3 mm and depends on the size of the void. The field enhancement factor may reach 2, and its value is higher on the outer surface than on the inner surface.
Effectiveness Of Muscle Energy Technique And Kaltenborn Mobilization On Functional Disability And Pain In Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: Anwar Aqsa , Khan Nida , Shahid Tahreem
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of kaltenborn mobilization and muscle energy technique on functional disability and pain in adhesive capsulitis.
Study design: It was a Randomized Controlled Trial study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at the outpatient physiotherapy department of Holy Family Hospital in Rawalpindi from September 2021 to February 2022.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out on patients diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis.By convenient sampling technique, 30 participants were recruited from the Physiotherapy Department. Open Epi Tool was used to calculate the sample size. The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was used to collect data at three time points: baseline, two weeks, and four weeks post-treatment. After obtaining informed consent, participants according to the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A, who received Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR) of Muscle Energy Technique, and Group B, who received Grade II and III Kaltenborn Mobilizations.
Results: The data was statistically analyzed with the help of SPSS version 22. Both groups were shown to have significant improvements in pain and functional disability scores. However, the improvement in Group A was greater than in Group B (P-value <0.05).
Conclusion: Muscle Energy Technique has superior treatment efficacy than Kaltenborn Mobilizations in decreasing pain and functional disability in adhesive capsulitis.
A Comparative Study of Cataract Occurrence and Visual Impairment in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals
Authors: Iqbal Hadia , Waseem Duaa , Akram Sehrish , Kazmi Syeda Aal e Zahra , Ghalib Saba , Khalid Sadia
Published: February 2025

Objective: To compare cataract occurrence and visual impairment in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
Study design: It was a  Descriptive Hospital based study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Holy Family Hospital in Rawalpindi from from July  to December 2023.
Material and Methods: 50 patients of different age groups visited the outdoor patient’s department of Allied Hospitals Rawalpindi from July 2023 to Dec 2023 and were included in my study. Patients were exposed to various diagnostic procedures to confirm cataract and diabetes prevalence.
Results: Results are drawn based on selected variables i.e. gender, age, patients presenting with and without diabetes and cataract, visual impairment resulting from cataracts in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.A sample population of 50 patients was studied in a hospital-based study. Out of 50 patients, 28 were male and 22 were female. Among them, 30 had diabetes, while 20 did not have diabetes. Before the refraction, a detailed fundus and lens examination was carried out. As a result, out of 30 diabetic patients, 23 had cataract and out of 20 non-diabetic patients, 12 had cataract. Fundus of most patients was normal. After that objective and subjective refraction was carried out to estimate visual impairment in these patients. Results were drawn on charts.
Conclusion: This hospital-based study highlights the increased prevalence of cataracts among diabetic patients and the greater severity of visual impairment associated with the condition. The results emphasize the critical need for regular eye examinations in diabetic individuals to enable early detection and intervention for cataract-related complications. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on the intricate relationship between diabetes, cataracts, and vision health. Future studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods are recommended. Future studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods could provide deeper insights into these relationships and support the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies in clinical practice.
Pengelolaan Arsip Dalam Mendukung Kelancaran Administrasi Di Teaching Factory Smk Al-Mufti
Authors: Rosmiati Nia , Ruchendi Hani , Suhardi Deddy
Published: February 2025

Dalam berorganisasi baik pemerintahan, swasta maupun lembaga pendidikan termasuk sekolah, arsip mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting. Peranan arsip yang begitu penting untuk menunjang kelancaran kegiatan administrasi sekolah harus dilakukan pengelolaan arsip yang baik mulai dari kegiatan penciptaan arsip sampai penyusutan arsip. Berdasarkan pernyataan diatas maka peneliti akan melakukan penelitian dengan judul “Pengelolaan Arsip dalam mendukung kelancaran Administasi di Teaching factory Smk AlMufti”.Dalam Tugas Akhir ini penulis bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Pengelolaan arsip di Teaching Factory Smk Al-Mufti (2) Keterkaitan pengelolaan arsip dalam mendukung kelancaran administrasi di Teaching Factory Smk Al-Mufti.Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis deskriptif, sedangkan teknik yang digunakan dalam memperoleh data informasi yaitu dengan metode pengumpulan data yang diantaranya observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil dari penulisan sebagai berikut : (1) Pengelolaan arsip di Taeching Factory smk Al-Mufti sudah di katakan baik karena mengikuti pedoman yang ada mulai dari pengelolaan surat masuk dan surat keluar, penyimpanan arsip, penemuan kembali arsip dan pemeliharan arsip. namun dalam pemeliharaan arsip disini kesulitan karena peralatan kebersihan yang terbatas (2) Arsip mempunyai peranan yang begitu penting untuk keberlangsungan kehidupan organisasi. Maka keberadaan arsip perlu mendapatlah perhatian yang khusus, dengan begitu keberadaan arsip di suatu instansi akan menunjukkan perananan yang sesuai serta dapat mendukung semua anggota organisasi atau instansi dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaannya.
Prosedur Pelayanan Migrasi Listrik Pascabayar Menjadi Prabayar (Token) di PT.PLN ULP Subang
Authors: Nurwulansari Haniva , Suparman Ade , Aulia Silvi
Published: February 2025

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk (1) menjelaskan prosedur pelayanan migrasi listrik dari pascabayar ke prabayar di PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Subang, dan (2) mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam proses pelayanan migrasi listrik dari pascabayar ke prabayar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Program migrasi listrik prabayar resmi diluncurkan pada tahun 2010 dan mulai diperkenalkan secara masif pada tahun 2011. Program ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi permasalahan yang dihadapi PLN, seperti tunggakan tagihan listrik dan krisis energi, dengan menghadirkan inovasi berupa listrik prabayar. Kendala utama yang dihadapi dalam migrasi ini adalah mindset pelanggan, terutama di kalangan pelanggan yang lebih tua, yang merasa nyaman dengan sistem pascabayar dan enggan beralih ke sistem prabayar karena merasa lebih praktis. Sebaliknya, pelanggan yang lebih muda cenderung lebih terbuka terhadap perubahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelanggan yang enggan bermigrasi memiliki persepsi positif terhadap sistem pascabayar dan tidak merasakan adanya dorongan untuk beralih ke prabayar. Di sisi lain, pelanggan yang memilih migrasi merasa bahwa sistem prabayar memberikan kemudahan dan keuntungan lebih dalam mengelola konsumsi listrik mereka. Proses migrasi melibatkan dua dokumen penting, yaitu dokumen pertama untuk pembayaran Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP) beserta materai, dan dokumen kedua untuk pembayaran akta notaris.
Biolog�a y comportamiento de la avispita de costa de marfil Cephalonomia stephanoderis parasitoide de la broca del caf�
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Caf�
Published: February 2025

Esta avispita solo ataca a la broca, (I lypothenemus harnpei), es especifica de esta y carecen de veracidad los comentarios propagados por medios de difusi�n de que puede atacar al gusano de seda.
Uso responsable de herbicidas en la caficultura
Authors: Salazar-Gutiérrez Luis
Published: February 2025

Un componente importante del Manejo Integrado de Arvenses (MIA) en el cultivo del café es el control químico, el cual puede llevarse a cabo mediante el uso racional de herbicidas que contribuye a la rentabilidad y sostenibilidad de los sistemas productivos. Dentro del grupo de los productos químicos de uso agrícola (PQUA), los herbicidas son los de mayor uso en la agricultura. Las restricciones mundiales en el uso de PQUA cada vez son más fuertes, lo anterior por la preocupación sobre los riesgos potenciales en la salud, el medioambiente y la inocuidad de los alimentos; sumado a la preocupación sobre la resistencia de las arvenses a los herbicidas. Este seminario científico tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión acerca del uso responsable de herbicidas en la caficultura colombiana, donde el conocimiento de las características físico-químicas, ambientales y toxicológicas de los herbicidas, así como la implementación de las buenas prácticas agrícolas y los períodos de carencia, permiten hacer un uso racional, eficiente y sostenible de los herbicidas, con el menor riesgo sobre la salud, el medioambiente y la inocuidad del café.
Extreme Temperature Variability in the Southeastern United States: Trends in Mississippi State
Authors: DAMOAH Benjamin , KHALO Xolani
Published: February 2025

Over the past century, Mississippi has experienced significant increases in average temperatures, contributing to a variety of environmental and socioeconomic challenges. Changing precipitation patterns, including more frequent and severe droughts, threaten the state’s agriculture and water resources. At the same time, increasingly intense storms and floods pose risks to infrastructure and human safety. This paper explores evolving climate patterns in Mississippi, focusing on increasing temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, and examines the broader implications of these extreme temperature trends for Mississippi’s economy, health, and livelihoods. Trend analysis shows that Mississippi experiences year-round precipitation, hot summers, and relatively mild winters. The warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico serve as a major source of moisture and help moderate temperatures along the Mississippi coast, which impacts tourism and agricultural productivity. Over the past thirty years, the average annual precipitation in Mississippi has been 58.9 inches, with the northern region receiving about 50 inches and the coastal region nearly 65 inches. The state’s average temperature is extremely high, with a record low of 53°F and a record high of 75.3°F. This paper offers valuable insights into how Mississippi can adapt to a warming climate while protecting its natural resources and communities. The analysis highlights the need for stronger climate adaptation strategies and policy interventions to mitigate these impacts, with a focus on sustainable land and water management practices. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers, environmental scientists, and stakeholders seeking to address the state’s climate challenges.
The Effect of Disclosure of GHG Emissions (Greenhouse Gas), Carbon Performance, and Company Age on Company Value
Authors: AINI Aisyah Qurratul , ARYATI Titik
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the effct of GHG Emission Disclosure (Greengas House), Carbon Performance, and Company Age on Firm Value. The data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the form of financial reports, annual reports, and company sustainability reports. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling approach, namely by using a sampling method based on certain criteria set by the researcher. The data analysis technique was carried out using multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 29.0 application. This study uses energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2023, totalling 86 samples. The results of hypothesis testing conducted in this study indicate that GHG Emission Disclosure and Company Age has no effect on Firm Value. Meanwhile, Carbon Performance has an effect on Firm Value
The Impact of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah on the Spread of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: HAMIDI Hilmi Fauzan
Published: February 2025

Purpose:This research aims to analyze Muslims' main goals in the Treaty of Hudaibiyah and its impact on the relationship between Muslims and the Quraysh. The study focuses on the establishment of four points of the agreement, including a ceasefire, freedom of affiliation, rules for the return of individuals, and permission for pilgrimage the following year. The results of these negotiations caused Muslims to be disappointed.Methodology:This research uses a historical research method that consists of four stages: heuristics (gathering sources), criticism (selecting data), interpretation (interpreting data), and historiography (writing history).Findings:The research findings concluded that the Treaty of Hudaibiyah significantly impacted the spread of Islamic teachings in the Arabian Peninsula. With the agreement on a ceasefire, Muslims were able to spread the teachings of Islam freely. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) responded to the agreement by sending letters to the kings in Arabia and surrounding areas.Implication:The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was a major factor in the liberation of the city of Mecca. It happened when the Banu Bakr, who was part of the treaty with the Quraysh, attacked Khuza’ah, who was part of the Islamic group. With the treaty broken and invalidated, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) then ordered 10,000 Muslim troops to head to Mecca with the aim of freeing Mecca from the shackles of disbelief and the ignorant behavior of the Quraysh people.
JWST, ALMA, and Keck Spectroscopic Constraints on the UV Luminosity Functions at z ∼ 7–14: Clumpiness and Compactness of the Brightest Galaxies in the Early Universe
Authors: Harikane Yuichi , Inoue Akio K. , Ellis Richard S. , Ouchi Masami , Nakazato Yurina , Yoshida Naoki , Ono Yoshiaki , Sun Fengwu , Sato Riku A. , Ferrami Giovanni , Fujimoto Seiji , Kashikawa Nobunari , McLeod Derek J. , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Sawicki Marcin , Sugahara Yuma , Xu Yi , Yamanaka Satoshi , Carnall Adam C. , Cullen Fergus , Dunlop James S. , Egami Eiichi , Grogin Norman , Isobe Yuki , Koekemoer Anton M. , Laporte Nicolas , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Magee Dan , Matsuo Hiroshi , Matsuoka Yoshiki , Mawatari Ken , Nakajima Kimihiko , Nakane Minami , Tamura Yoichi , Umeda Hiroya , Yanagisawa Hiroto
Published: February 2025

We present the number densities and physical properties of the bright galaxies spectroscopically confirmed at z ∼ 7–14. Our sample is composed of 60 galaxies at z
spec ∼ 7–14, including recently confirmed galaxies at z
spec = 12.34–14.18 with JWST, as well as new confirmations at z
spec = 6.583–7.643 with −24 < M
UV < −21 mag using ALMA and Keck. Our JWST/NIRSpec observations have also revealed that very bright galaxy candidates at z ∼ 10–13 identified from ground-based telescope images before JWST are passive galaxies at z ∼ 3–4, emphasizing the necessity of strict screening and spectroscopy in the selection of the brightest galaxies at z > 10. The UV luminosity functions derived from these spectroscopic results are consistent with a double power-law function, showing tensions with theoretical models at the bright end. To understand the origin of the overabundance of bright galaxies, we investigate their morphologies using JWST/NIRCam high-resolution images obtained in various surveys, including PRIMER and COSMOS-Web. We find that ∼70% of the bright galaxies at z ∼ 7 exhibit clumpy morphologies with multiple subcomponents, suggesting merger-induced starburst activity, which is consistent with SED fitting results showing bursty star formation histories. At z ≳ 10, bright galaxies are classified into two types of galaxies: extended ones with weak high-ionization emission lines, and compact ones with strong high-ionization lines including N iv]
λ1486, indicating that at least two different processes (e.g., merger-induced starburst and compact star formation/AGN) are shaping the physical properties of the brightest galaxies at z ≳ 10 and are responsible for their overabundance.
The Doubly Librating Plutinos
Authors: Malhotra Renu , Ito Takashi
Published: February 2025

Named for orbital kinship with Pluto, the Plutinos are a prominent group of Kuiper Belt objects whose orbital periods are in libration about a 3/2 ratio with Neptune’s. We investigate the long-term orbital dynamics of known Plutinos, with attention to the additional libration (or lack thereof) of their argument of perihelion, g, a well-known characteristic of Pluto’s orbit. We show that the g librators among the Plutinos cluster around an arc in the eccentricity–inclination parameter plane. This previously unreported dynamical structure is owed to a family of periodic orbits of the third kind in the restricted problem of three bodies, identified by Poincaré at the end of the 19th century. Approximately 16% of the currently known Plutinos exhibit g librations, a far greater fraction than the ratios of the associated libration frequencies. These results may offer new constraints for theoretical models of the dynamical history of the Plutinos and of the orbital migration history of the giant planets.
A Search for Eclipse Cycles Similar to the Hypersaros: Columbus and the Lunar Eclipse of 2025 March 14
Authors: Hartigan Patrick
Published: February 2025

The total lunar eclipse on 2025 March 14 UT occurs nearly exactly 521 yr (one Hypersaros) after a similar eclipse on 1504 March 1 UT that is renowned for its importance to the voyage of Columbus to Jamaica. Eclipses separated by a Hypersaros have similar depths, appear very close to the same location in the sky, and occur at nearly the same time of year. This paper summarizes the results from a search for analogous cycles within the Five Millennium Catalogs of Lunar and Solar Eclipses. Under the two simple constraints of similar eclipse dates relative to the vernal equinox and similar paths of the Moon through the Earth’s shadow, the most common time intervals between lunar eclipses separated by less than 1000 yr are the 521 yr Hypersaros and a 633 yr period of the Icosa-Inex-Triple-Saros. Notable cycles at longer periods occur at 1154, 1284, 1787, 1917, and 2308 yr.
Informed Design of a Gravity Science Experiment for the Future Geophysical Investigation of the Uranian Moons
Authors: Filice Valerio , Cascioli Gael , Le Maistre Sébastien , Baland Rose-Marie , Trinh Antony , Mazarico Erwan , Goossens Sander
Published: February 2025

The outer solar system beyond Saturn remains unexplored by dedicated orbital missions. With a launch window opening in 2029, the Uranus Orbiter and Probe (UOP) mission has been prioritized as a NASA Flagship mission for the next decade (2023–2032) to comprehensively study Uranus and its major moons—Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon. We define and apply novel mission design principles centered on scientific objectives to UOP's gravity science (GS) experiment. Using a combination of Bayesian and Precise Orbit Determination inversions, it is possible to determine mission requirements ensuring the achievement of scientific goals. Our methodology involves building measurement-to-interior parameter maps via extensive Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations, linking geodetic measurements’ precisions to uncertainties in key interior parameters of the Uranian moons. We show how this mapping approach allows for the rapid evaluation of the ability of a GS experiment design to constrain interior parameters. We conduct a covariance analysis of two orbital tours, multiple measurement strategies, and inversion settings. The tested cases enable the satisfactory determination of Ariel's ice shell thickness (to about 16%), as well as its rock-to-ice mass ratio (≈28%). None of the solutions were able to constrain its ocean thickness. This reverse approach allows for the rapid and scientifically informed adjustment of mission design, thereby demonstrating its potential applicability to other planetary science experiments.
Gastrochilus obovatifolius (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae), a new species from the Daba Mountains of Chongqing, China
Authors: Xiong Chi , Fu Xiao-Ying , Tan Ke , Huang Ya , Zhang Hong-Jing , Wang Yi-Chen , Yang Yu-Bing , Yi Si-Rong
Published: February 2025

Gastrochilus obovatifolius, a new species discovered in the Dabashan of northeast Chongqing (China), is described and illustrated. The novelty morphologically resembles G. affinis, G. balangshanensis and G. heminii in having a glabrous and smooth epichile. but can be distinguished by the unique obovate shape of the leaves, smaller epichile, and flower color. The results of molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on nuclear ribosome internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and four chloroplast DNA fragments (matK, psbA–trnH, psbM–trnD, and trnL–F) of 55 Gastrochilus species, support the inclusion of G. obovatifolius in G. sect. Microphylli, being most closely related to G. balangshanensis from Sichuan. The new species is a trunk epiphyte in evergreen broad-leaved forest.
An integrative approach to the delimitation of pseudocryptic species in the Eucyclops speratus complex (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) with a description of a new species
Authors: Novikov Aleksandr , Sharafutdinova Dayana , Abramova Ekaterina , Mayor Tatyana , Chertoprud Elena
Published: February 2025

Eucyclops speratus (Lilljeborg, 1901) (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) was studied using various methods. Molecular genetic methods (comparison of COI and ITSn molecular markers) have shown that this species represents a species complex, and the following methods were used to search for differences between the species: analysis of qualitative and quantitative characters, linear morphometrics, landmark-based geometric morphometrics, and integumental pore pattern of the cephalothorax. Eucyclops sibiricussp. nov. from Middle Siberia is described. The two studied species can be considered pseudocryptic; the main morphological difference between the species is the number of setules on the inner side of the first and second exopod segments of the fourth pair of swimming legs: E. sibiricussp. nov. has 6–10 and 7–17 setules, respectively; E. speratus has 0–3 and 0–6 setules, respectively. The morphometry and integumental pore pattern of the cephalothorax were ineffective for identification and separation of species. The existing previous records of E. speratus were also analyzed, and the records of this species in the Irkutsk region (Russia), as well as in Japan and Korea, are attributed to E. sibiricussp. nov.
A Cross-Sectional Survey of Optometrists in Canada Regarding Referral Patterns and a Needs Assessment for an Artificial Intelligence Referral Screening Tool for Epiretinal Membrane
Authors: Shor Reut , Popovic Marko , Mihalache Andrew , Muni Rajeev H.
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective

This study evaluated optometrists' referral patterns for epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients in Ontario, Canada, and their attitudes towards an artificial intelligence (AI) tool for improving referral accuracy. An anonymous online survey with 11 questions was conducted.

Patients and Methods

The survey targeted optometrists across Ontario, Canada. The survey aimed to understand optometrists' reasons for referring ERM patients to retina specialists, their expectations of the specialists' management, and their openness to using an AI tool for triage. To prevent bias, the survey described an AI tool as an online consultation feature limited to predefined questions without directly mentioning “AI.” The main objective was to assess if this AI tool could decrease unnecessary ERM referrals to retina specialists.

Results

A total of 135 optometrists participated. They reported seeing an average of eight ERM cases monthly, referring every fourth case to a specialist. The primary referral reason (84.3%) was to evaluate for surgery. In terms of referral confidence, 34.3% felt fully confident (5/5), and 47.8% slightly less so (4/5). They anticipated that 20% of patients would have a change in management post-consultation with a specialist. When introduced to the concept of an online consultation tool for patient screening, optometrists believed it could reduce their ERM referrals by 40%.

Conclusions

Optometrists often refer ERM patients to retina specialists. An AI tool for screening ERM referrals, based on presenting vision and OCT images, could significantly lower the number of unnecessary referrals, offering clinical guidance to optometrists.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:XX–XX.]
Characterization and antibacterial/cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Dicranum scoparium moss extracts growing in Armenia
Authors: Semerjyan Gayane , Semerjyan Inesa , Ginovyan Mikayel , Avtandilyan Nikolay
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on a simple, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly method for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Dicranum scoparium moss extract. It includes the characterization of the biosynthesized nanoparticles and an evaluation of their antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses confirmed that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were within the nanoscale range (50–100 nm) and exhibited an irregular morphology. The biogenic nanoparticles demonstrate antibacterial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus mesentericus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicate a pronounced antibacterial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa compared to the tested Gram-positive bacteria, which is attributed to differences in the bacterial cell wall structure. Additionally, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Mucor plumber, Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium herbarum, and Aspergillus flavus mold fungi. Additionally, they expressed considerable cytotoxic properties against cancer cells.
A kernel-free boundary integral method for reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: Chen Yijun , Xie Yaning
Published: February 2025

This paper was based on a kernel-free boundary integral (KFBI) method for solving the reaction-diffusion equation. The KFBI method serves as a general elliptic solvers for boundary value problems in an irregular problem domain. Unlike traditional boundary integral methods, the KFBI method avoids complicated direct integral calculations. Instead, a Cartesian grid-based five-point compact difference scheme was used to discretize the equivalent simple interface problem, whose solution is the integral involved in the corresponding boundary integral equations (BIEs). The resulting linear system was treated with a fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based elliptic solver, and the BIEs were iteratively solved by the generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method. The first step in solving the reaction-diffusion equation was to discretize the time variable with a two-stage second-order semi-implicit Runge-Kutta (SIRK) method, which transforms the problem into a spatial modified Helmholtz equation in each time step and can be solved by the KFBI method later. The proposed algorithm had second-order accuracy in both time and space even for small diffusion problems, and the computational work was roughly proportional to the number of grid nodes in the Cartesian grid due to the fast elliptic solver used. Numerical results verified the stability, efficiency, and accuracy of the method.
‘Voices’ in the Courtroom. The role of notaries in the ‘Inquisitorial autobiography’
Authors: Loriente Torres José Luis
Published: February 2025

Little is known about the workings of Inquisitorial notaries during the early modern period, particularly regarding their documentation methods within the courtroom. This paper aims to analyze the procedures they employed in documenting proceedings. Questions arise regarding how they managed to transcribe what was happening in the courtroom, the accuracy of their records, and the mechanisms employed in carrying out this function. An analogy often invoked is whether these sources can convey the ‘voices’ of defendants. Here, it will be argued that the ‘voice’ modern readers ‘hear’ is that of the notary, who lends it to the defendant. Due to the absence of explicit information in any manual or instruction, we will directly examine the Inquisitorial proceedings. Specifically, we will focus on the first hearing, audience, or interrogation, known as ‘Primera Audiencia’, during which all defendants were obligated to declare their life stories or ‘discurso de su vida’ from 1561 onwards. Both the first interrogation and the life narrative were the most formulaic and fixed part of the trial, inviting comparation. Although we have focused on these specific elements, some of our conclusions may apply to the rest of the process. Our methodology will involve studying inks, handwritings, and micro-expressions.
Spanish refugees in Portugal and the Portuguese solidarity (1936-1945)
Authors: Faria Fábio A.
Published: February 2025

This article aims to analyze the reception and route of refugees through Portugal in the context of the Spanish Civil War, a territory that, due to its geographical proximity, was especially sought as a place of refuge by countless Spaniards to protect themselves from war and persecutions. Due to its authoritarian nature, Salazar´s regime proved reluctant to receive them and developed a repression directed at these refugees, considered “undesirable,” visible in the increase of the number of border posts and their reinforcement and in the collaboration between different authorities, namely PVDE (State Surveillance and Defense Police), GNR (Republican National Guard), PSP (Public Security Police) and GF (Fiscal Guard), leading to their concentration in large national prisons. In the context of the phenomenon of the Spanish Republican refugees in Portugal, this article also discusses the role played by the Portuguese population and by some elements of the authorities in the assistance provided to Spanish refugees, as well as the repression that was driven by Salazar’s regime.
Les représentations des Favart dans les bosquets de Bagatelle
Authors: Mele Flora
Published: February 2025

L’article explore les spectacles des Favart à travers les manuscrits des fêtes qu’ils organisèrent dans la demeure de Madame de Monconseil à Bagatelle, mettant en lumière leur adaptation aux théâtres de la nature. Comparant les événements organisés dans les jardins de Bagatelle à ceux des jardins de Stanislas Leszczynski qui fut un hôte habituel des fêtes de Bagatelle, il révèle comment ces lieux extérieurs devinrent des scènes pour l’expression artistique et la sociabilité. Les jardins de Lunéville et des autres demeures lorraines de Stanislas étaient un véritable théâtre de verdure, offrant un cadre enchanteur pour des représentations théâtrales. De même, les jardins de Bagatelle, résidence de campagne de Madame de Monconseil et lieu de rencontre privilégié de l’élite intellectuelle, servaient de toile de fond à des spectacles adaptés à leur environnement naturel. Ces représentations, imprégnées par les idéaux des Lumières, témoignent de l’importance des théâtres de la nature comme espaces de réflexion, de divertissement et de diffusion culturelle au XVIIIe siècle.
Cirques et théâtre d’été de la ville de Dijon dans le dernier tiers du XIXe siècle (1870-1900) : l’émergence de nouveaux loisirs
Authors: Roques Sylvie
Published: February 2025

Le souhait de répondre aux goûts pour les distractions et les loisirs est perceptible lorsque l’architecte Charles Sauger achète une partie d’un jardin pour y construire un « cirque-théâtre d’été » situé à l’entrée des allées du Parc pour des représentations équestres. L’histoire de cet édifice mérite notre attention. La consultation des différents articles de presse notamment Le progrès de la Côte d’Or ainsi que l’étude des archives municipales conservées à Dijon comme des esquisses est éclairante permet de mettre à jour à la fois le type de répertoire joué dans ce lieu, comme l’organisation de son espace et son exploitation.
Les théâtres à ciel ouvert de Bordeaux au début du XXe siècle : des projets d’ampleur pour une exploitation éphémère
Authors: Sédouy Louise de
Published: February 2025

Au début du XXe siècle, Bordeaux voit apparaître plusieurs lieux de spectacle identifiés comme ayant un lien avec la nature. Certains restent à l’état de projets, comme le projet de Théâtre de Verdure, proposé par l’architecte Louis Süe pour le Jardin Public, mais d’autres sont bel et bien construits et dans d’imposantes dimensions : le Grand Théâtre de la Nature du Sud-Ouest et le Théâtre des Vendanges. Le premier se situe à la frontière entre la ville et la banlieue peu urbanisée, sur le Boulevard Antoine Gautier. Le second, est placé dans l’extrême centre, sur l’espace qu’offre la place des Quinconces, dédiée depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle aux divertissements et plaisirs en tout genre. Ces deux projets d’ampleur sont exploités sur des temporalités courtes (3 mois), voire excessivement courtes (3 jours), et accueillent, dans des cadres festifs, des spectacles pluridisciplinaires. Bien que situés dans des quartiers à vocation tout à fait différente, ces deux théâtres présentent néanmoins des caractéristiques similaires : théâtres à ciel ouvert, jauge gigantesque (20 000 places pour le 1er et 25 000 pour le 2nd), public en arc de cercle, exploitation éphémère, etc. L’étude de ces trois lieux sera l’occasion d’interroger le rapport à la nature de ces théâtres-géants, et par-là, la typologie de tels lieux dans un cadre résolument urbain, mais aussi d’envisager leur rayonnement local, national et international.
Théâtre dans la nature, territorialité et expérience créative en Amérique latine
Authors: Borges Diego
Published: February 2025

Cet article traite de l’expérience de création en pleine nature, menée par le First Body Programme, qui a rassemblé vingt artistes latino-américains sur l’île Isla Fuerte, au large de la côte caribéenne de la Colombie. Ce texte relate certaines expériences créatives réalisées sur l’île et souligne les questions et défis fondamentaux pour les processus artistico-pédagogiques du théâtre en Amérique latine. Cette immersion a permis d’explorer des matériaux scéniques à partir des relations entre le corps et la nature, mettant en évidence l’importance de penser le théâtre dans sa dimension territoriale et de subjectivation qui influencent la poétique corporelle et les expériences créatives au sein d’environnements naturels variés. Cet article vise à contribuer à la réflexion sur les processus de création contemporains et les nouvelles approches pédagogiques.This article addresses the experience of creation in nature, led by the First Body Programme, which brought together twenty Latin American artists on Isla Fuerte, an island on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The text recounts some creative experiences on the island and highlights key issues and challenges for artistic-educational processes in theater in Latin America. This immersion allowed the exploration of scenic materials based on the relationships between the body and nature, emphasizing the importance of considering theater from its territorial and subjectivation dimensions that influence bodily poetics and creative experiences in diverse natural environments. The article aims to contribute to reflections on contemporary creative processes and new pedagogical approaches.
Quand le secteur privé s’empare du trottoir : contrôle et usages de l’espace public à Mexico
Authors: Pérez-López Ruth , Castañeda Archundia Perla E.
Published: February 2025

Dans cet article, nous présentons deux études de cas qui rendent compte du phénomène de la construction de trottoirs par le secteur privé. Les trottoirs conçus par des entreprises du secteur privé servent de point de départ pour analyser la production de l’espace public dans deux quartiers de la ville de Mexico fortement influencés par les dynamiques de mondialisation. Ces trottoirs représentent un objet où convergent les intérêts de différents acteurs économiques (promoteurs immobiliers), politiques (autorités municipales) et sociaux (citadins) et constituent une unité d’analyse mettant en lumière l’aménagement et la gestion de l’espace public par le secteur privé. Dans cet article, nous montrons l’impact des grands projets immobiliers sur le tissu urbain et analysons les usages et pratiques sociales des personnes qui circulent sur ces trottoirs.
Sexting Profiles Among Adolescents
Authors: Kamariotis Theocharis , Athanasiades Christina
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to investigate the complex ways in which adolescents engage in sexting behaviors and the role of gender, relationship status, and self-esteem in this behavior. One hundred and eighty-six Greek adolescents (93 boys and 93 girls) participated in this study and completed a self-reported questionnaire regarding sexting as well as the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Demographic information about gender and relationship status were also acquired. According to the results, adolescents showed a variety of sexting profiles, which, on the whole, were characterized by interpersonal interaction and risky involvement with the phenomenon. Female identity was related to safe sexting, having a relationship was related to risky sexting, while low self-esteem was related to passive sexting. Findings are discussed in light of their use in preventive psycho-educational interventions and in the counseling process.
Empowering Students in the Digital Age Through Psychoeducational Programs
Authors: Karakasidou Eirini , Tapeinos Athanasios , Pylioti Maria Christina , Papadimitriou Anna
Published: February 2025

This chapter is an in-depth overview of the critical role that psychoeducational programs play in training students to negotiate the complexity of the digital age. In response to the growing issues provided by online hazards, this chapter examines the design, implementation, and impact of programs designed to provide students with the necessary information. Based on educational psychology concepts, the chapter gives practical recommendations for educators and facilitators looking to develop programs that not only inform but also actively involve students in critical discussions about responsible online behavior. The chapter underlines the importance of interactive techniques in addressing the psychoeducational components of online behavior via the perspective of experiential learning. As schools aspire to create a digitally empowered generation, this chapter is a great resource for educators, providing concrete insights for designing meaningful programs that prepare students with the resilience and knowledge needed to navigate the ever-changing digital landscape responsibly.
Using Machine Learning to Categorize the State of Safety of Mines Based on Physical Geographical Features of the Mine Rock
Authors: Victor Nwosu Obinnaya Chikezie
Published: February 2025

The research paper “Using Machine Learning to Categorize the State of Safety of Mines Based on Physical Geographical Features of the Mine Rock” explores the intersection of machine learning algorithms and mine safety. This study emphasizes the pressing need to enhance mine safety by systematically analyzing the physical geographical features of the mine rock. Machine learning algorithms have emerged as valuable tools in this regard, offering the potential to automatically categorize the safety state of mines based on the physical characteristics of the mine rock. The physical characteristics, including geological composition, topography, and environmental variables, play a fundamental role in determining the safety conditions within a mining site. The paper introduces various machine learning algorithms as promising tools for enhancing mine safety by analysing physical geographical features. The Multilayer Perceptron Classifier (MLP) is highlighted for its potential to identify the safety state of mines based on physical features.
Emerging Trends in Blue Economy
Authors: Pandey Ananya , Joseph Jipson
Published: February 2025

On Earth, the oceans make up 71% of the land area. Approximately 40% of the world's population lives in coastal regions with 3 billion people depending on it for livelihood. 80% of the global trade is (en)routed via oceans. A long-term unbalanced usage of marine routes leads to unsettling issues such as ocean-acidification, marine pollution and habitat destruction. This causes disruption towards the attainment of sustainability. To safeguard the oceans and marine life, “Blue Economy (BE)” was introduced by the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in 2012. The SDG-14 (life below water) contributes to focusing attention on BE. Till date there is no universally accepted policy towards implementation of BE. However several regions like Africa, Brazil, China, EU and India formulated guidelines towards the implementation of BE. With this perspective, the chapter analyzes the emerging trends of BE as a way forward towards sustainable development.