SAT257 Efficacy Of Oral Cinacalcet In Non-PTH Non-Malignant Hypercalcemia From Excess 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D
Authors: Mohan Sneha , Sheehan Michael T , Tebben Peter J , Wermers Robert A 
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: S. Mohan: None. M.T. Sheehan: None. P.J. Tebben: None. R.A. Wermers: None.

Introduction: Elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) is a rare cause of non-parathyroid hormone (PTH) mediated hypercalcemia. An increase in the activating enzyme 1-alpha hydroxylase is seen in granulomatous diseases and lymphoma, while mutations in the CYP24A1 gene leads to reduced catabolism of 1,25(OH)2D. Cinacalcet has been shown to successfully treat 1,25(OH)2D-mediated hypercalcemia of malignancy. Extrapolating this, we report 3 patients with non-malignant 1,25(OH)2D-mediated hypercalcemia treated with cinacalcet. Case Series: The patients (2 male and 1 female) were 55-71 years old. At presentation to our clinic, all had hypercalcemia with serum calcium concentrations between 10.6-11.5 mg/dL (normal, 8.8-10.2 mg/dL). PTH ranged between 16-35 pg/ml (normal 15-65 pg/ml), PTH-related peptide was normal in all patients, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 32-51 ng/ml, and 1,25(OH)2D was inappropriately normal between 31-77 pg/ml (normal 18-78 pg/mL) in the setting of hypercalcemia and chronic kidney disease in 2 patients with estimated glomerular filtration rates 35-42 ml/min. Other causes of hypercalcemia including sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and malignancy were ruled out. The female patient had hypercalciuria (288 mg/24 hours) without nephrolithiasis and both male patients had severe hypercalciuria (400-660 mg/24 hours) with recurrent nephrolithiasis. One male patient had biallelic variants in the CYP24A1 gene, while the other male patient was suspected to have similar mutations, but not identified on genetic testing. The female patient with a PTH of 35 pg/mL on our initial measurement had documented 1,25(OH)2D level of 82 pg/mL with PTH &lt;20 pg/mL while previously hypercalcemic. Upon cinacalcet initiation all patients demonstrated normalization of calcium levels (8.6-9.5 mg/dl) with doses between 30-90 mg daily. The patient with CYP24A1 gene mutations experienced symptomatic hypocalcemia with calcium of 8.1 mg/dL requiring dose reduction and eventual discontinuation of cinacalcet due to limited clinical benefit. There were no consistent changes in 24-hour urine calcium or fractional excretion of calcium. Levels of 1,25(OH)2D increased and PTH decreased on cinacalcet while serum calcium levels were maintained within normal range, including 2 subjects with continued normocalcemia after 2 years of therapy. Conclusion: Cinacalcet may be a therapeutic option in non-malignant 1,25(OH)2D-mediated hypercalcemia. Further evaluation is needed to confirm efficacy, understand risks and benefits, and elucidate potential mechanisms of action. Mild decrease in PTH may lead to reduced skeletal calcium efflux while the maintenance of normocalcemia despite rising 1,25(OH)2D, which was also seen in our reported patients with malignant 1,25(OH)2D-mediated hypercalcemia, suggests cinacalcet may decrease intestinal calcium absorption.

Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023