bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Vibration characteristics and buckling behaviour of rotating Fiber-Graphene-Reinforced Composite Pre-twisted Shells
Authors: Inala Ramu , JOWDULA CHANDRA SEKHAR , Venu M , Battina N Malleswararao , Manikanta N , Raghavendra G
Published: February 2025

This study presents a novel approach to analyze the vibration and buckling behaviour of pre-twisted fiber-reinforced polymer composite shells reinforced with graphene inclusions. A key novelty lies in incorporating graphene's size-dependent mechanical properties are derived from nanoscopic empirical equations into the analysis. This allows for a more accurate prediction of the overall mechanical response of the composite, particularly at the nanoscale. The Halpin-Tsai model is employed to determine the equivalent elastic constants of the graphene-reinforced matrix, and a finite element formulation based on curved shear deformable shell theory is developed. The model's accuracy is validated against existing experimental or numerical results. Also, this study provides a comprehensive parametric analysis, investigating the influence of key factors such as graphene volume fraction, twist angle, aspect ratio, hub radius, and rotation speed on the vibration frequency and buckling load of the pre-twisted shells. These findings offer valuable insights for the design and optimization of lightweight and high-performance composite structures utilized in aerospace, automotive, and other engineering applications.
Context-Assisted Active Learning for Weakly Supervised Person Search
Authors: Takezoe Rinyoichi , Chen Hao , Shen Gang , Lv Xuefei , Wang Yaowei , Zhang Shiliang , Wang Xiaoyu
Published: February 2025

Person search is a challenging task that aims to jointly detect and identify a target person from a large-scale scene image dataset. Fully supervised person search requires both bounding boxes and person identity annotations, making it hard to deploy in real-world applications. Although recent weakly supervised person search methods can alleviate annotation workloads, they often result in severe performance degradation when compared to supervised methods. To pursue better performance with a lower annotation budget, we propose to integrate active learning into weakly supervised person search, where a small number of pairwise identity annotations are actively acquired from oracles. Specifically, we propose a context-assisted active learning framework that selects informative instance pairs for labeling and refines pseudo labels for representation learning. The proposed framework consists of a split module and a merge module, which leverage two types of contextual cues for label refinement. Besides, a pairwise relationship predictor is introduced to estimate relations between instances so that annotation cost can be further reduced. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method could achieve comparable or even better performance than recent fully supervised methods at a much lower annotation cost. Notably, our method achieves 61.4% mAP on PRW dataset, which outperforms recent fully supervised methods at a much lower annotation cost.
Introduction to the Special Issue on ChatGPT and other Generative AI Commentaries: AI Augmentation in Government 4.0
Authors: Chun Soon , Noveck Beth Ae
Published: February 2025

This special issue is for providing a forum for rapid sharing of current and potential transformations and disruptions that may be enabled by GenAI in the government domain. The main objectives of the Special Issue are: to gauge the potential impact of powerful GenAI tools, such as ChatGPT, Gemeni, Co-Pilot, and MetaAI, for the future government and democracy, including negative and positive effects; to assess the role of the Government in the face of proliferation of GenAI tools as potential facilitator of innovations towards a better society or as regulator to harness the new generation of AI and to mitigate risks; and lastly to envision how the public sector workplace may need to adapt to the changes, identifying top priority requirements and strategies for the new governing models.
Students Outperform Faculty in Recognizing the Use of Active Learning Methods
Authors: Testa Giovanna Maria Gimenez , Souza Mariana Bueno de Oliveira , Paes Ângela Tavares , Magdalon Juliana
Published: February 2025

The implementation of active learning methods poses challenges for both instructors and students. Despite institutional support, some educators may encounter difficulties in effectively incorporating this methodology into their teaching practices. We hypothesized that one contributing factor could be the misguided self-perception regarding their class methodology. The objective of this study was to assess whether instructors and students can accurately recognize the application of active learning methods during classes and to identify the characteristics of these classes that influence the satisfaction of both educators and learners. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted during the emergency remote teaching caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined 58 class sessions from a medical school program committed to active learning methodologies using an adapted version of the PORTAAL tool and administered post-class surveys to both instructors and students. Students, but not instructors, were able to accurately recognize the use of active learning methods. Additionally, class satisfaction reported by both instructors and students positively correlated with their self-perceived use of active learning method in the class, regardless of whether the perception was more accurate, as seen in the students' perceptions, or more inaccurate, as observed in instructors' misperceptions.
A New C-Peptide Minimal Model to Assess β-Cell Responsiveness to Glucagon in Individuals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Boscolo F. , Faggionato E. , Welch A. A. , Farahani R. A. , Egan A. M. , Vella A. , Dalla Man C.
Published: February 2025

Glucagon regulates its own secretion indirectly by stimulating β-cells to secrete insulin. This may serve as a compensatory mechanism to enhance β-cell function in individuals with, or predisposed to, type 2 diabetes. However, tools to quantify glucagon-induced C-peptide secretion (SR) are lacking.

To bridge this gap, we developed a novel model-based method to provide quantitative indices of β-cell function in response to a glucagon bolus in individuals without and with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Eight individuals without diabetes (3M, age=55±9 yrs, BMI=32±4 kg/m2) and 6 with T2D (1M, age=59±5 yrs, BMI=35±6 kg/m2) underwent a 210-min hyperglycemic clamp (~9 mmol/L). After 180 min, a 1 mg bolus of glucagon was administered over 1 min and plasma glucagon and C-peptide concentrations were frequently measured over 30 min.

We tested a battery of mathematical models and selected the best one based on standard criteria. The optimal model assumes that C-peptide SR is made up of two components, one proportional to the above basal glucagon, through parameter Γs (static), and one proportional to glucagon rate of change, through parameter Γd (dynamic responsivity to the hormone). An index of total β-cell responsivity to glucagon, Γ, was also derived from Γs and Γd. Model estimated Γs and Γ were significantly higher in individuals without diabetes compared to T2D (p<0.05), while Γd was not. Our findings reveal notable differences in both static and total insulin secretory response to glucagon in people with diabetes as compared to those without diabetes.
Supplementary Movie S1 from MTH1 Inhibitor TH588 Disturbs Mitotic Progression and Induces Mitosis-Dependent Accumulation of Genomic 8-oxodG
Authors: Rudd Sean G. , Gad Helge , Sanjiv Kumar , Amaral Nuno , Hagenkort Anna , Groth Petra , Ström Cecilia E. , Mortusewicz Oliver , Berglund Ulrika Warpman , Helleday Thomas
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Movie S1
Central Diabetes Insipidus in Father and Son Linked to a Rare Variant: A Case Report
Authors: Araujo Paula Bruna Mattos Coelho , de Sá Luiz Filipe Rocha , Sousa Rafaela , Villela Darine , Souza Loureiro Thereza Taylanne , Migliavacca Michele Patricia , Guimaraes Marilia Martins , Souza Micheline Abreu Rayol , Naliato Erika , Botelho Mariana , Nascimento João , Carvallo Mirna Sanchez , Viveiros Pedro Martins , Lourenço Junior Delmar Muniz , Fontes Rosita , Violante Alice Helena Dutra
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare disorder caused by a deficiency in the secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP) from the posterior pituitary. It can be either acquired or congenital, often due to genetic factors, and is typically inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
Case presentation: This study describes the clinical features and the genetic analysis of a father and his son with familial CDI. Both presented in childhood with typical symptoms, including polyuria, polydipsia, and hypernatremia. Diagnosis was confirmed through water deprivation testing and subsequently supported by sellar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Genetic analysis identified the rare germline variant c.329G>A (p.Cys110Tyr) in the AVP gene, in heterozygosity, which segregated in the parent-child pair, thereby elucidating the familial basis of the CDI.
Conclusion: This rare germline AVP variant causes a cysteine-to-tyrosine amino acid substitution in the encoded protein and is classified as pathogenic. Familial cases of rare diseases, such as CDI, highlight the importance of clinical evaluation of relatives with similar symptoms and emphasize the need for molecular studies and genetic counseling.
Reading Difficulties of Grade One Learners in Mother Tongue Based- Multi-lingual Education (MTB-MLE) in Relation to Performance: Basis for Intervention Plan
Authors: Pesales Phoebe Mae Rose P. , Apohen Sharon L.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the reading difficulties encountered by Grade One learners in District 1 of the Schools Division of Bago City for the school year 2023-2024 and examines their impact on academic per-formance. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational research design, the study assessed 231 Grade One learners from five elementary schools using a modified Reading Difficulty Checklist. Findings indicate that learners experience moderate difficulties across five key areas of reading: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and com-prehension, with comprehension posing the greatest challenge. The study also reveals that demographic factors such as age, sex, parents’ educational attainment, and family income significantly influence reading proficiency. Additionally, a strong correlation was found be-tween reading difficulties and academic performance, highlighting the need for targeted intervention programs. Based on the results, an in-tervention plan is proposed to enhance reading skills and improve academic outcomes for young learners.
The Nexus of Crowdfunding and Venture Creation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vergara Kimberly Christie S. , Santos Joseph Emil , Vergara Raymond Allan
Published: February 2025

This systematic review explores how crowdfunding impacts en-trepreneurial processes, business sustainability, and venture growth. By analyzing 19 SCOPUS-indexed studies, this review iden-tifies crowdfunding’s financial and non-financial benefits, includ-ing enhanced consumer insight, market exposure, and co-creation opportunities. Crowdfunding redefines stakeholder roles, foster-ing participatory ecosystems that enable innovation, strategic scaling, and resilience. Key findings emphasize the importance of stakeholder engagement and market validation while highlighting gaps in understanding long-term sustainability, cultural influences, and evolving backer-venture dynamics. These insights provide actionable strategies for entrepreneurs and researchers to harness crowdfunding’s potential in venture creation.
Regional Disparities of Social and Demographic Indicators in Morocco: A Comparative Cartographic Analysis Between the 2014 and 2024 Censuses
Authors: Akallouch Adil , Hamjik Mohamed , Mahjoub Aziz , Boudilab Hossain
Published: February 2025

This article aims to analyze the regional disparities of social and de-mographic indicators in Morocco by conducting a comparative carto-graphic study between the 2014 and 2024 censuses. Using data from the General Population and Housing Census (RGPH) and reports from the High Commission for Planning, combined with Geographic Infor-mation Systems (GIS), this research highlights significant spatial and temporal changes across various regions. Key indicators analyzed include population density, unemployment rates, urbanization levels, literacy rates, and economic activity. The results reveal stark regional disparities, with Casablanca-Settat and Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima maintaining high population density and urbanization growth, while rural regions like Drâa-Tafilalet and Béni Mellal-Khénifra continue to face persistent challenges, such as high unemployment and illiteracy rates. Notably, the southern regions of Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra and Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab have shown remarkable improvements in urbanization and economic activity due to targeted government-led development projects.Quantitatively, the study identifies a 5.4% national increase in ur-banization rates over the past decade, accompanied by a 7% reduc-tion in national illiteracy rates. However, unemployment remains a critical issue, with some regions experiencing only marginal im-provements. The ARIMA model projections indicate further urbaniza-tion by 2030, with potential risks of growing disparities if regional development policies are not effectively implemented. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted policies aimed at promoting regional equity by investing in education, enhancing job opportuni-ties in rural areas, and fostering balanced urban growth. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating GIS-based spatial analysis into policy-making to ensure sustainable and inclusive development.
TikTok Strategies for Nurturing Business Viability for Online Start-Up Sellers in Cebu City Philippines
Authors: Campaner Jonnicko P. , Licayan Lovely Mae A. , Medecillo Mary Shielo P. , Soroño Myca , Villela Niña Venus
Published: February 2025

This study investigates which of the five TikTok strategies (con-tent format, engagement tactics, hashtag usage, paid advertising, and live streaming) is most effective in driving sales growth, and to provide feasible recommendations in increasing profitability for online start-up sellers and aspiring business owners based on the findings of this study. Addressing the gaps in understanding how TikTok can be effectively utilized by online start-up sellers in Cebu City. This study utilized a quantitative research method and uses the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to identify the most effec-tive TikTok Strategy in leveraging sales growth. The results reveal that the principal component represents 73.70% of the total vari-ance. The findings revealed that there is a clear indication that all of the five (5) TikTok strategies have an effect in increasing sales growth. The result showed that live streaming is the most effective TikTok strategy, which would boost platform efficiency and en-gagement while paid advertising to be the least effective when it comes to gaining sales growth. These findings contribute to the existing literature by providing insight towards how these factors can affect the sales growth of online sellers or businesses that are utilizing TikTok to market and sell their products and services.
Managing Group Conflict and Decision-Making Skills among School Administrators of Public Higher Education Institutions in Sulu
Authors: Anuddin Fermina Omar
Published: February 2025

This descriptive-correlational study investigates the extent of conflict management and decision-making skills among public higher education institution administrators in Sulu for the Aca-demic Year 2022-2023. The respondents in this study are 200 fac-ulty members, with several statistical methods applied, including frequency counts, percentages, weighted means, standard devia-tions, t-tests for independent samples, One-way ANOVA, and Pear-son's r.Most respondents were between 20 and 35 years old, female, married, and holding a master's degree. Many faculty members reported having served from 1 to 15 years in their respective insti-tutions. In fact, the respondents agreed that the administrators were pretty successful in getting faculty involved in key decisions concerning the institutions. They also graded the administrators as vigilant and decisive when dealing with sensitive and critical matters.Interestingly, differences in ratings regarding the faculty's evaluation of administrators' skills for conflict management and decision-making by age, gender, civil status, educational attain-ment, and years of service do not indicate statistical significance. But those who have high grades of administrators for the man-agement of conflict also graded highly the ability to make deci-sions. This study supports Rahim's (2002) proposition that suc-cessful conflict management is made of multiple strategies. Thus, those administrators who make effective decisions on handling conflicts would tend to be good decision-makers.Finally, it has underlined that to achieve better and sound deci-sion making as well as better management of the institutions in conflict management is needed to become good administrators. Therefore, good administrative leadership does not only work well to facilitate more effectiveness of its own work but also enables more harmony and effectiveness within a higher education public institution. More emphasis needs to be made upon their skill im-provement.
Assessing The Impact of Random Drug Testing on The Internal Cleansing of The Philippine National Police in Police Regional Office 12
Authors: Ani Honorio R. , Alcantara Jayson B , Cole Angeline B. , Oriel Rhona O. , Garcia Rene , Punzalan Jerick L , Espina Madel M , Mobo Froilan D. , Villa Elizabeth B.
Published: February 2025

This study assessed the impact of Random Drug Testing (RDT) on the internal cleansing efforts of the Philippine National Police (PNP) in Police Regional Office (PRO) 12. Using a quantitative research design, structured surveys were conducted with 16 PNP personnel across various ranks, designations, and years of service. The study analyzed RDT results from 2020 to November 2024, showing a low overall positivity rate of 0.03%. Most units demonstrated strong compliance, although Sarangani PFU reported two positive cases, and General Santos City Forensic Unit did not conduct any RDTs, highlighting a need for uniform implementation. Respondents strongly agreed on RDT’s role in identifying substance abuse, ensuring fairness, and promoting a drug-free culture. However, privacy concerns were raised by some participants, indicating varying perceptions about the potential invasion of privacy. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in perceptions based on rank, designation, or length of service, suggesting a consistent view of RDT's effectiveness across groups. An expert forensic chemist affirmed the reliability of the drug testing protocols. This study provided valuable insights into the benefits and challenges of RDT in enhancing internal discipline within the PNP and offered recommendations for policy improvement and uniform implementation across all units.
Mulheres das águas: do grito da pesca ao grito da pescadora artesanal
Authors: Ribeiro Cassio Marques , Félix-Silva Antônio Vladimir , Braga Osmar Rufino , Masullo Alessandra Sávia da Costa
Published: February 2025

Artisanal fisherwomen fight for recognition of traditional fishing territory. How does this ecosophical question become an ethical-political question of the struggle and aesthetics of women's existence in artisanal fishing work? What forms of resistance do women produce in defense of equality in gender relationality and representation in fishing social movements? Mapping subjectivation and enunciation processes of that fight in defense of life resulted in this research report. This map is composed by: meetings, Fishing Shout and map interview. The protagonism of women is evidenced: a) in the creation of other fight spaces and reinvention of itself against the non-recognition as fisherwoman; b) in defense of artisanal work against denial and political exclusion of human and non-human lives by the State and c) in the political incidences and in coping with psychosocial problems related to environmental racism and socio-environmental impacts of economic ventures. These women build singular ecosophical processes to operate, socially and politically, in the tension of fishing boats social movements in favor of liveable and recognizable lives.
O Junho dos interiores: dinâmicas do protesto e experiências políticas de ativistas e militantes no interior dos estados nas Jornadas de 2013
Authors: Groppo Luis Antonio , Sousa Flávia Alves de , Silva Gislene da
Published: February 2025

Tendo como tema as Jornadas de 2013 no interior dos estados, o artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar as dinâmicas desse ciclo de protestos durante sua interiorização, em Junho, ao lado da massificação e ampliação das manifestações em todo o Brasil. Também, tem como objetivo conhecer o impacto da experiência de participar das Jornadas para quem foi ativista e militante nesses locais. O artigo se fundamenta na Teoria dos Processos Políticos – com as categorias de ciclo de protestos e repertórios de contestação – e na categoria de subjetivação política de J. Rancière. Como método, destacam-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis ativistas e militantes atuantes nas Jornadas em cinco municípios do interior de três estados do país. Entre as conclusões, a caracterização do ciclo de protestos nos interiores como um ciclo curto – o “Junho dos interiores”, mas com elementos relevantes que caracterizam a dinâmica em alguns locais como um ciclo médio, dada a importância da latência e a continuidade dos atos após Junho. Também, a conclusão de que o Junho dos interiores foi lócus de um processo de subjetivação política que implicou, de um lado, a constituição de coletivos identitários e a renovação das organizações de esquerda nos anos seguintes, e, de outro, influências decisivas nas trajetórias de vida de ativistas e militantes.
Os alternativos dos alternativos
Authors: Andrade Samária Araújo de , Gonçalves André Luiz  Carvalho , Pilar Vitória Sousa , Claro Luis Ricardo de Sousa
Published: February 2025

Este estudio examina iniciativas comunicativas contrahegemónicas centradas en agentes que surgieron en Teresina (Piauí), después de junio de 2013, aquí descritas como "los alternativos de los alternativos", es decir, agentes marginales a la comunicación dominante y también a la comunicación contrahegemónica central. Estos agentes operan en un entorno que oscila entre laconcentración mediática de las empresas de comunicación convencionales y la heterogeneidad de formas contestatarias que emergen junto con los cambiossociotecnológicos, presentando variadas formas de producción,distribución y financiamiento.Operan en un escenario cambianteactual dominado por grandesempresas de plataformas digitales,e tienen dificultades con los recursos pero también revelan experienciasduraderas. La metodología incluye la observación empírica y laaplicación de cuestionariosa los fundadores de ocho mediosalternativos de Teresina. Las análisis buscan comprender lascaracterísticas básicas y las relaciones de estas iniciativas con las transformaciones en el contexto de cambios globales en la comunicación.
Experimentações democráticas sociocentradas na descolonização de práticas de participação: o caso do Conselho da Juventude Pataxó da Bahia
Authors: Ferrarini Adriane Vieira , Giannella Valéria , Felberg Altemar
Published: February 2025

El ciclo de participación inaugurado por la Constitución Federal de 1988 allanó el camino para movimientos sociales que invirtieron en acciones institucionalizadas, pero resultaron incapaces de captar demandas de diferentes capas de la población históricamente excluida. Ante esto, pretendemos comprender las prácticas insurgentes que, al no orbitar alrededor del Estado, permanecen invisibles o poco teorizadas en su potencial de expansión democrática. Este es el caso del Consejo Juvenil Pataxó de Bahía, analizado desde una etnografía militante, con el debido sustento teórico-conceptual.  Teóricamente, utilizamos perspectivas descolonizadoras para una expansión ontoepistémica de la política, para reconstruir, sobre esta base, un marco teórico y analítico centrado en la categoría de “experimentación democrática sociocéntrica (EDS)”. Concluimos que las EDS crean, restauran y reinventan simultáneamente prácticas y conocimientos de una democracia sustancialmente vivida, revelando poderes políticos e innovaciones públicas para la descolonización de las prácticas participativas. CONJUPAB invita a abrirse a la capacidad revolucionaria de los movimientos sociobiocéntricos y las culturas políticas tradicionales en la búsqueda de soluciones a los problemas públicos, con/a pesar/contra/más allá del Estado.
Resistência urbana através da metanarrativa: o direito ao território mobilizado através de festas e memória social ritualizada
Authors: Gomes Marília Passos Apoliano
Published: February 2025

This article is the result of my doctoral research in Sociology, which investigates the relationship between identity and local memory for maintaining the occupation of Poço da Draga, in Fortaleza-CE. It aims to understand how visits can be seen as forms of resistance and activism and how identity and memory help to solidify resistance actions. It also analyzes the narratives of belonging used to guarantee permanence in areas valued by “urban revitalization” projects. To reach this understanding, collective memorialization strategies were analyzed, such as anniversary rituals, Guardians of Memory circles and guided tours. The research had a qualitative-interpretive nature, using techniques such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews and analysis of documents and secondary data. Fieldwork for the thesis took place between 2014 and 2018, and was subsequently complemented with the updating of documentary data and participation in guided tours in 2021 and 2022. It concludes that guided tours and anniversaries awaken memories and contribute to collective organization, constituting resistance against displacement and, even though they are not direct confrontations, they are effective in strengthening the community.
International Law of Regional Organizations: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Bordin Fernando Lusa , Odermatt Jed
Published: February 2025

This article provides a comparative analysis of the law and practice of regional international organizations (rio s). Drawing upon the International Law Association (ila) study and individual regional reports, the article offers a cross-regional account of organizations located in Europe, Eurasia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Asia-Pacific. The article focuses on the main conceptual questions that emerged during the study and reflects on some of the main insights gleaned from the cross-cutting comparisons. The article discusses the concept of ‘regional international organization’ and the debates about the appropriate definition to be used in the Study. The article discusses how international law applies to, and within, regional international organizations, examining issues such as the autonomy of the organization’s internal law. The article shows how regional international organizations have influenced the development of international law, by concluding treaties, contributing or catalysing relevant practice to the formation of customary international law, and producing authoritative ‘subsidiary means’ to identify the law. The comparative assessment allows us to offer reflections on the ‘openness’ of regional international organizations and the conditions under which they can shape, and be shaped by, international law. The article concludes with some starting points for further research on the place of regional international organizations.
The European Union and Other Regional International Organizations: Tales of Solidarity
Authors: Kassoti Eva
Published: February 2025

Regional International Organizations (rio s) are an important part of the modern international legal landscape. Yet, thus far, they have largely remained at the margins of scholarly attention. This contribution argues that, inter alia, the rio s’ lens provides valuable insights since rio s’ law casts in legal terms regional narratives of emancipation and solidarity that are central to bringing into existence and sustaining the legitimacy of new regional (legal) orders. The article then proceeds to trace the development of the principle of solidarity in international law and in the legal orders of two rio s, namely the European Union (EU) and the African Union (AU) with a view to providing concrete examples of the potential and limits of rio s to act as vehicles for realising regional narratives of solidarity. The article concludes by emphasising the importance of taking regional (legal) space seriously by highlighting the potential of rio s’ law to increase accountability and pluralise the geographies of international law.
A new species of Cyclopoliarus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from American oil palms (Elaeis oleifera) in Caño Negro, Costa Rica
Authors: BARRANTES EDWIN A. BARRANTES , ECHAVARRIA MARCO A. ZUMBADO , BARTLETT CHARLES R. , HENDRIX SOLOMON V. , HELMICK ERICKA E. , BAHDER BRIAN W.
Published: February 2025

Recent palm survey work in Costa Rica focusing on planthoppers has resulted in the discovery of several new taxa, primarily in Cixiidae and Derbidae. Here a new species of Cyclopoliarus Fennah, C. nigelwatsoni sp. nov., is described from Caño Negro, Limón Province, Costa Rica. The new species is compared with C. omani, the only other described Central American Cyclopoliarus. Supplemental molecular data is presented for the barcoding region (5’ half) of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, 18S rRNA gene, and D9 to D10 expansion region of the 28S rRNA gene. A phylogeny is presented to place the new species relative to other available taxa.
A new species of the genus Thoracibidion Martins, 1960 from Mexico (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Tropidini: Tropidina)
Authors: NOGUERA FELIPE A.
Published: February 2025

Thoracibidion mariavanessae sp. nov. is described from western Mexico. Individuals of this species were collected in the temperate forests of the Nevado de Colima and represent the northernmost record of this genus, which has its greatest diversity in South America.
Making Communities Stronger and More Secure
Authors: Miller Andy , Higgins Paul
Published: February 2025

Virtually every social and economic sector and every institution underlying modern civilization is dependent on and vulnerable to weather, water, and climate. Advances in Earth system observations, science, and services create an enormous opportunity for communities throughout the country to become stronger and more secure in the face of existing vulnerabilities and emerging risks due to climate change. This study reaffirms six areas of emphasis for strengthening communities and identifies four overarching findings that can further efforts to strengthen communities.
Water and the Coasts: Opportunity, Vulnerability, and Risk Management
Authors: Program AMS Policy
Published: February 2025

Water poses challenges and opportunities throughout the country (and the world). These challenges and opportunities are often acutely evident in coastal areas, which are both incredible national resources and sites of significant vulnerability. Factors like population growth and land use change combine with high impact weather events to threaten coastal communities. Furthermore, many communities that already suffer the effects of high impact weather will face new and magnified risks over the coming decades due to ongoing changes in climate. Effective coastal risk management depends on minimizing vulnerabilities while preparing for and responding to unavoidable hazards. In this study we identify seven key approaches for advancing coastal risk management.
To evaluate repaired rotator cuff morphologically and quantitatively in one GRAPPATINI MRI examination
Authors: Xie Yuxue , Cai Jiajie , Li Qing , Kober Tobias , Hilbert Tom , Chen Shuang , Tao Hongyue
Published: February 2025

Background

GRAPPATINI is capable of originating synthetic T2 images (T2synth) and T2 maps in one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan.

Purpose

To evaluate GRAPPATINI's performance in providing simultaneous morphological assessment of repaired rotator cuffs (RC) using T2synth images and quantitative evaluation of the postoperative clinical outcomes on T2 maps.

Material and Methods

A total of 45 individuals after repair surgery for at least 2 years were prospectively examined with GRAPPATINI MRI. Clinical scores were also collected. Image quality was measured using contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the repaired tendons on the T2synth and compared to conventional T2-weighted (T2W) images. Two blinded readers independently graded the repaired RCs based on the Sugaya classification on both T2synth and T2W images to calculate intra- and inter-rater agreements. In addition, T2 values of repaired RCs from the T2 maps generated by GRAPPATINI were correlated with clinical scores.

Results

GRAPPATINI successfully provided both synthetic T2W and quantitative T2 map in a clinically feasible acquisition time of 2:18 min for the shoulder. There were no significant differences in mean CNR ( P = 0.9) between conventional T2W and T2synth images. The inter-rater agreement for the Sugaya classification did not differ significantly between T2W and T2synth images ( P = 0.8). Furthermore, T2 values of the attached RC showed significant correlations with functional outcomes (r = 0.39–0.52; P < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study concludes that GRAPPATINI offers a comprehensive assessment of the shoulder by providing both morphological and quantitative evaluations in a single scan. It is an efficient tool for assessing repair status and predicting functional outcomes in patients after arthroscopic RC repair.
OnabotulinumtoxinA for primary new daily persistent headache and comparison to chronic migraine
Authors: Cheema Sanjay , Lagrata Susie , Rantell Khadija Rerhou , Ahmed Maha , Kamourieh Salwa , Matharu Manjit Singh
Published: February 2025

Background

New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is an often treatment-refractory primary headache disorder with a lack of evidence base for treatment.

Methods

We performed an observational study using prospectively collected data in consecutive patients with NDPH, chronic migraine with daily headache (daily-CM) and without daily headache (non-daily-CM). Patients were treated with two cycles of OnabotulinumtoxinA. Propensity score matching was used to control for imbalances between the groups. The primary outcome measure was the proportion who experienced a ≥ 30% improvement in monthly moderate-to-severe headache days at 24 weeks.

Results

We included 58 patients with NDPH, 148 with daily-CM, and 84 with non-daily-CM. In NDPH, 34.5% of patients experienced a ≥ 30% improvement in monthly moderate-to-severe headache days, compared to 43.2% in daily-CM and 51.2% in non-daily CM. In NDPH, 6.9% experienced an improvement in monthly headache days, 27.6% an improvement in headache severity, 25.9% a ≥ 6 point improvement in HIT-6 score, and 59% a patient reported improvement. There was no significant difference in response rates between the three groups. Adverse event rates were similar in all groups and there were no serious adverse events.

Conclusion

OnabotulinumtoxinA is effective in approximately 1/3 patients with NDPH and has a favourable safety profile.
“It Validates Her Identity”: A Mixed Methods Approach to Examining Culture, Context, and Family Engagement in an Urban Afterschool Program for Black and Hispanic Girls
Authors: Moses Jacqueline O. , Metaweh Maria , Bravo Elsa I. , Stephens Dionne P. , Jean-Jacques Doreen , Vilorio Helen , Campbell Thema , Frazier Stacy L.
Published: February 2025

Neighborhood OST (out-of-school-time) programs can provide a safe and accessible setting and promote positive youth development for Black and Hispanic girls in under-resourced communities. The present mixed-methods study examined program-level cultural and contextual influences in family engagement among 24 girl-caregiver dyads (aged 11–15, 83% Black, 13% Hispanic) in a partnering OST program, Girl Power Rocks, Inc. While quantitative analyses minimally revealed girls’ perceptions of cultural respect was positively associated with girls’ engagement, qualitative analyses elucidated nuance in overlapping and differential themes and subthemes among girls and caregivers. Both girls and caregivers reported on four identified themes contributing to their engagement in OST programming: culture, context, gender, and positive youth development and prevention. While girls reported more on the importance of having a safe supportive space to discuss coping with community violence and discrimination, advocate for their communities, and socialize with friends; caregivers focused on program features fostering healthy development into adulthood for their girls (e.g., communication skills, future orientation, educational support), female empowerment, and program-facilitated experiences beyond their community. Findings provide support for tailoring programs to Black and Hispanic girls and families’ unique needs to increase engagement and maximize positive youth development.
Crisis Reveals Character: Founder and Founding Family Involvement During Firm Crises
Authors: Ahrens Jan-Philipp , Kowalzick Marc , Lauterbach Jochim G. , Petriglieri Jennifer Louise
Published: February 2025

We differentiate between “founder involvement,” “founding family involvement,” and the absence of such involvement in a firm. We maintain that family owners and chief executive officers (CEOs) assume a “familial” identity given family relations within the firm, whereas mere founders, influenced by arms-length relations to commercial stakeholders, embrace the opportunity-seeking “entrepreneurial” identity of an independent maker. We theorize and show how founder and founding family involvement shape the turnaround strategy and performance of firms divergently—from each other and from cases without such involvement—and explicate how the respective effects are moderated by crisis severity and firm age.
Sources of vulnerability and ethical challenges in qualitative research with pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Wilke Dennis , Paul Norbert W. , Neu Marie A. , Faber Joerg
Published: February 2025

Qualitative research with children and adolescents with cancer has been gaining momentum since the early 2000s. However, a focused discussion of ethical aspects of qualitative research with this patient group has been largely neglected to date. Applying a relational perspective on vulnerability, in this article we discuss ethical challenges in qualitative research with patients in pediatric oncology. These vulnerabilities and ethical complexities should be acknowledged and call for practical measures, but should not be overemphasized in a way that adds barriers to the inclusion of pediatric cancer patients in qualitative research.
Evaluated Interventions Targeting the Mental Health and Psychosocial Wellbeing of Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review Focused on Low- and Middle-Income Countries in East Asia and the Pacific
Authors: Menon Vinay , Coppard Miika , McEwen Samuel , Romero Lorena , Kennedy Elissa , Azzopardi Peter
Published: February 2025

Child and adolescent mental health in low- and middle-income countries is a growing focus of global health policy, yet the evidence for effective intervention remains unclear. We undertook a scoping review of LMICs in the East Asia and Pacific region. We searched four databases between 2010 and 2021 for evaluated interventions targeting child and adolescent mental health. We mapped intervention studies by location, evaluation method, and target of intervention: mental health promotion, prevention, or response. We included 69 unique studies from 12 countries: 32 RCTs, 31 before-after studies, and 6 post-intervention evaluations. There were several promising intervention studies, although these had methodological limitations. Three studies addressed mental health promotion, 46 addressed prevention, and 23 addressed response. There was a disproportionate focus on “individual capacity” prevention and “clinical management” response. There were few studies in mental health promotion (through communities, policies, or legislation), prevention beyond the individual (via parents, peers, or schools), or in longer-term response. Most (62) of these interventions were undertaken in China and four South-East Asian nations. There were few studies in smaller, less wealthy nations, and only three in Pacific nations. Effective progress in global child and adolescent mental health will require greater attention and investment in these programmatic gaps and geographic areas.
Mechanically consistent continuum damage model for anisotropic composites including damage deactivation
Authors: Findeisen Claudio , Hohe Jörg
Published: February 2025

Due to crack bridging effects, ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have outstanding properties that combine a quasi-ductile material behaviour with the high-temperature properties of ceramics. Combined with their high specific strength, this makes them perfectly suitable for high temperature safety relevant components. In view of the design process of CMC components elaborated continuum damage models are required that most importantly consider their anisotropy and damage deactivation effects in a mechanically and mathematically consistent manner. With respect to their damage effect, most of the existing anisotropic models fail with regard to the damage growth criterion leading to the unphysical effect of an increasing stiffness due to damage. Motivated by the modelling process of initially anisotropic composite materials like CMCs, this paper presents the systematic formulation and validation of a mechanically consistent damage effect model together with crack closure effects.
Differentiating Functional Connectivity Patterns in ADHD and Autism Among the Young People: A Machine Learning Solution
Authors: Sütçübaşı Bernis , Ballı Tuğçe , Roeyers Herbert , Wiersema Jan R. , Çamkerten Sami , Öztürk Ozan Cem , Metin Barış , Sonuga-Barke Edmund
Published: February 2025

Objective:

ADHD and autism are complex and frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions with shared etiological and pathophysiological elements. In this paper, we attempt to differentiate these conditions among the young people in terms of intrinsic patterns of brain connectivity revealed during resting state using machine learning approaches. We had two key objectives: (a) to determine the extent to which ADHD and autism could be effectively distinguished via machine learning from one another on this basis and (b) to identify the brain networks differentially implicated in the two conditions.

Method:

Data from two publicly available resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) resources—Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) and the ADHD-200 Consortium—were analyzed. A total of 330 participants (65 females and 265 males; mean age = 11.6 years), comprising equal subgroups of 110 participants each for ADHD, autism, and healthy controls (HC), were selected from the data sets ensuring data quality and the exclusion of comorbidities. We identified region-to-region connectivity values, which were subsequently employed as inputs to the linear discriminant analysis algorithm.

Results:

Machine learning models provided strong differentiation between connectivity patterns in participants with ADHD and autism—with the highest accuracy of 85%. Predominantly frontoparietal network alterations in connectivity discriminate ADHD individuals from autism and neurotypical group. Networks contributing to discrimination of autistic individuals from neurotypical group were more heterogeneous. These included language, salience, and frontoparietal networks.

Conclusion:

These results contribute to our understanding of the distinct neural signatures underlying ADHD and autism in terms of intrinsic patterns of brain connectivity. The high level of discriminability between ADHD and autism, highlights the potential role of brain based metrics in supporting differential diagnostics.
Urinary Incontinence Following Transurethral Prostatectomy: Current Status and Nursing Strategies
Authors: He Mingjie , Mao Chen , Shu Yongxia , Liu Xue
Published: February 2025

Background: Urinary incontinence is a prevalent condition among patients who have undergone transurethral prostatectomy (TURP). The objective of this study was to assess the current status and the factors influencing the development of urinary incontinence following TURP. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent TURP at our hospital from November 1, 2022, to October 30, 2024. We analyzed the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who developed postoperative urinary incontinence with those who did not. Results: A total of 242 patients who underwent TURP was enrolled, the incidence rate of postoperative urinary incontinence was 36.4%. There were correlations between postoperative urinary incontinence and the following factors: age (r = 0.601), diabetes (r = 0.589), and duration of surgery (r = 0.578), preoperative pelvic floor muscle training (r = −0.626). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥65 years (OR = 1.941, 95% CI: 1.220∼2.403), diabetes (OR = 2.488, 95% CI: 2.192∼3.070), and surgery duration ≥60 minutes (OR = 1.995, 95% CI: 1.542∼2.426) are independent risk factors for the development of postoperative urinary incontinence in patients undergoing TURP. Preoperative pelvic floor muscle training (OR = 0.604, 95%CI: 0.319∼0.902) was a protective factor against postoperative urinary incontinence. Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative urinary incontinence following TURP is relatively high and is influenced by multiple factors. It is recommended that preventive and nursing measures be implemented to mitigate the occurrence of postoperative urinary incontinence. These measures should include the stringent control of blood glucose levels, optimization of surgical duration, and the standardization of preoperative pelvic floor muscle training.