bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The history of the Romanian University of Cluj, in the documents of a private archive
Authors:   Department of Romanian Literary Studies and Literary Theory, Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University, Bot Ioana , Pop Ionucu ,   Doctoral School for Linguistic and Literary Studies, Babeș-Bolyai University
Published: July 2022

The present study was started on the basis of the documents contained in a private archive, transferred in 2004 into the property of the Romanian state and currently located in the Special Collections section of the “Octavian Goga” Cluj County Library. These are Dumitru Popovici's (1902-1952) personal and professional documents, professor of the history of Romanian literature at the University of Cluj from 1936 until his death, one of the most important Romanian literary historians of the interwar period, author of important studies concerning the Enlightenment, Romanticism and modern Romanian literature. Safekept by his family, many of the documents in Popovici's personal archive manage to complete sequences of the history of Romanian university life, where the Communist Regime, with its various purges, destroyed the archives of official institutions. Based on these documents, and through a careful reconstruction of the life of the professor, new perspectives on various aspects of the Romanian intellectual history of the last century are opened: the history of several Romanian academic and cultural institutions, the history of various university disciplines and specialisations, the personal history of an important university figure in the transformation of the Romanian academic space etc.
The Complicated Selves of Transcolonialism: The Triangulation of Identities in the Alternative Peripheries of Global Post/Colonialism
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Ștefănescu Bogdan
Published: July 2022

The paper argues that twentieth-century (post)coloniality was a multi-centric and poly-peripheral space and as such calls for a different, more complex geo-cultural and historical portrayal than the one provided by mainstream postcolonialism. Conventional postcolonialist critiques are ill equipped to address the historical interactions and the conceptual migrations between the discourses of the Second and Third Worlds, or with their “dual dependencies” because, with notable exceptions, postcolonialist studies only focus on the relations between the West and its (former) colonies. I argue that Eastern Europe and the (post)colonies of the West are alternative peripheries in the convoluted field of global (post)colonialism and that there were protracted two-way exchanges between these subaltern discourses in their interconnected experiences of (post)colonialism. This interplay, together with their vacillation between the two power centres during the Cold War, complicated not only the global power games, but also the processes of (post)colonial identity formation, and the ideological genealogies of repression and resistance
The Digital Curation of the Romanian Interwar Novel (1920-1940)
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Modoc Emanuel
Published: July 2022

In recent years, Romanian literary studies took one of its major methodological turns toward distant reading, using either or both quantitative and computational analysis. While quantitative analysis employed lexicographical instruments such as dictionaries and literary chronologies, computational analysis tried to approach the issue from a “data rich” historical perspective (Katherine Bode), while also attempting to build a digital corpus adapted to computational methods. The following paper attempts to survey the main research projects that deal with the computational analysis of Romanian literature in general and the Romanian novel in particular. The first part of the study undertakes a succinct state-of-the-art on past and ongoing endeavours concerned with digital approaches to the study of Romanian literature, their initial findings and potential. The second part will take a more theoretic approach to some of the key concepts related to data supported literary history. Finally, the last part of the study tackles the main challenges of developing a digital corpus of a local literature and the shortcomings related to this literature’s “locality” in terms of computational approaches and the compatibility of the tools developed by Western research projects.
MISSIONARY. EXISTENTIAL. SPIRITUAL. PERSPECTIVES FOR THE WORK OF THE CHURCH AFTER THE PANDEMIC
Authors: CSISZAR Klara A.
Published: July 2022

This article explores opportunities for Church action after the pandemic, from three different perspectives: missionary, anthropological and spiritual. The missionary perspective; using an existential-analytical approach, should contribute to the Church becoming less focused on herself and more committed to in its mission for the good life. From an anthropological perspective, Church work is directed to the human being as the image of God and pleads for anthropological aspects to be taken into account in the shaping of Church practice. With the spiritual perspective, the plea is made for Church activity after the pandemic to open up spaces in which human beings, in the experience of their worthiness to love, understand and learn to love themselves without measure and without conditions.
THE ISTANBUL CONVENTION IN CZECH MEDIA
Authors: MUCHOVA Adela
Published: July 2022

As ratification of the Istanbul Convention commenced in Czech society, the Catholic representatives attacked the document claiming it was promoting “gender ideology”. The explosive statement, in the form of a liturgical homily in September 2018, initiated a novel exchange among conservative and progressive groups within the church. By examining a follow-up debate in mainstream and Christian media, this study explores the media image of the church and establishes that while most hierarchy took a conservative stand and opposed ratification, clergy and church members supported it. It also shows that the opponents diverted the discussion in another direction; instead of addressing violence against women and children, they challenged alleged gender ideology as such. Analysis of gender and equality, fear and power, authority and hierarchy, as well as poor communication styles, reveals problematic issues in the way the church communicates its teaching and structures. The way the church presents its mission, however, is undoubtedly connected with its inner coherence and credibility; theological redefinition and system changes must therefore precede any media strategy.
A Theoretically Psychological Analysis of Semantic Representation of Bilinguals’ Mental Lexicon
Authors: Zhang Qi
Published: July 2022

Due to the limitations of the existing research methods per se, studies probing into the semantic representation of bilinguals’ mental lexicon from the dimension of metrology yield no convincing results. This paper explores the semantic representation of bilinguals’ mental lexicon by analyzing the relationship between language and thoughts, the production of language from a theoretically psychological perspective. Such a conclusion can be drawn that 1) there is but one semantic system shared by natural languages and 2) the semantic information of mental lexicon is not attached to one specific vocabulary but stored separately in the cognitive system. The study of the semantic representation of bilinguals’ mental lexicon is conducive to the investigation into the universality and particularity of language itself and to the exploration of the nature of language, thought and human behavior.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of femoral fractures in large animals
Authors: Jones Susan A. , Whitcomb Mary Beth , Vaughan Betsy , Goorchenko Georgette , Busch Roselle , Kilcoyne Isabelle , Spriet Mathieu
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

Femoral fractures are often catastrophic in large animals. Radiographic diagnosis is limited by patient size and feasibility, especially in ambulatory settings. Ultrasonography is widely available and may provide an alternative to radiography for definitive diagnosis.

ANIMALS

12 large animals (6 horses, 5 cattle, and 1 elephant).

PROCEDURES

Retrospective analysis of large animal patients diagnosed with femoral fracture by use of femoropelvic ultrasonography (2000 to 2019).

RESULTS

5 of 12 cases were ≤ 1 year of age. The remaining 7 cases were 2 to 33 years of age (median, 13 years). All patients developed severe acute lameness after falling (n = 4), limb entrapment (2), dystocia (1), vehicular collision (1), ipsilateral full limb casting (1), or unknown events (3). All were non–weight-bearing or lame at the walk, including 2 recumbent cattle. Ten cases showed upper limb swelling that was variable in location, and 3 had nonspecific upper limb crepitus. Ultrasonography revealed evidence of diaphyseal (n = 6), greater trochanteric (2), capital physeal (2), and distal femoral (2) fractures. Fracture movement during limb manipulation or weight shifting was sonographically visualized in 5 animals. Radiography confirmed fractures in 3 of 8 animals: 2 bovines with distal femoral fractures detected on standing projections and 1 capital physeal fracture that required ventrodorsal projections under general anesthesia. All animals were euthanized (11) or slaughtered (1 bovine). Postmortem examination confirmed ultrasonographic findings in 10 of 10 necropsied animals.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Femoral fractures were not localized nor confirmed in any case prior to ultrasonography. Study findings supported the use of ultrasonography for rapid patient-side diagnosis, prognostication, and decision-making in suspect cases.
Early career clinicians euthanize more dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen but not gastric dilatation and volvulus than more experienced clinicians
Authors: Molitoris Amy , Pfaff Alex , Cudney Sarah , de Laforcade Armelle
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To determine if clinician experience influenced the euthanasia rate in 2 common surgical emergencies.

ANIMALS

142 dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen (NTH) due to suspected ruptured splenic mass and 99 dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) where the owner either elected surgery or euthanasia.

PROCEDURES

Medical records were reviewed for dogs that had either NTH or GDV. For each patient, the owner’s decision to pursue euthanasia versus surgery was recorded. The primary clinician was categorized as an intern, defined as a clinician with < 12 months experience, or a non-intern, defined as a clinician with more than 12 months experience. The euthanasia rates were compared used a Fisher exact, and the 95% CI was calculated for the risk of euthanasia if the primary clinician was an intern compared with a non-intern. If a difference was identified, subgroups comparing time of day, referral status, age, Hct, total solids, lactate, and heart rate were evaluated using a t test with a Bonferroni correction for the continuous variables and a Fisher exact for categorical variables.

RESULTS

For dogs with NTH, the euthanasia rate for cases primarily managed by non-interns (52%) was significantly lower than that of interns (76%; P = .005). The relative risk of euthanasia associated with NTH when the case was treated by an intern was 1.44 with a 95% CI of 1.1229 to 1.8567. For 99 dogs with GDV, the rate of euthanasia was not different between interns and non-interns.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The euthanasia rate for dogs with NTH may be impacted by the level of experience of the clinician. Support of new clinicians during challenging conversations should be provided.
Effect of day of estrus cycle at time of transvaginal follicle aspiration for oocyte recovery on rates of in vitro maturation and blastocyst production after intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Walbornn Stephanie R. , Felix Matheus , Schnobrich Maria R. , Bradecamp Etta A. , Scoggin Charlie F. , Stefanovski Darko , Hinrichs Katrin
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of stage of estrus cycle (day after ovulation) at the time of transvaginal ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration (TVA) on parameters related to the success of in vitro equine embryo production.

ANIMALS

14 healthy mares were used; 11 completed the study and were included for analysis.

PROCEDURES

Mares underwent TVA of all follicles ≥ 5 mm diameter at each of 3 timepoints: 7 days after ovulation, 14 days after ovulation, and S-DSF (subordinate to a dominant stimulated follicle), during estrus at 24 hours after gonadotropin administration. The 3 treatments were assigned to each mare in random order; mares underwent follicle growth and ovulation between treatments. Recovered oocytes were matured in vitro, subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cultured to the blastocyst stage in vitro.

RESULTS

Total follicle numbers differed significantly between individual mares but did not differ between treatments. The number of follicles of different sizes significantly (P < 0.05) differed between treatments, with mares in the Day 7 treatment having more follicles 5 to 9 mm in diameter and fewer follicles 20 to 24 mm in diameter than mares in the other 2 treatments. After in vitro maturation culture, there were significantly more mature oocytes in the S-DSF treatment than in the other 2 treatments. There were no differences in blastocyst rate after ICSI among treatment groups.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Timing of TVA for aspiration of S-DSFs may increase the number of mature oocytes available for ICSI. Understanding of the effects of timing of TVA will help veterinarians to maximize the efficiency of this procedure.
Should we be screening cats for cardiomyopathy? If so, how?
Authors: Rishniw Mark
Published: July 2022

Occult feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can result in unexpected sudden death or congestive heart failure (CHF) following routine interventions such as anesthesia, fluid administration, or, potentially, administration of corticosteroids. Consequently, clinicians would like to be able to screen at-risk cats to detect occult HCM and either avoid the risky intervention or attempt to reduce the risk of death or CHF. Currently, the feline N-terminal-proBrain natriuretic peptide test is the only potential screening test for detecting occult HCM. However, some cardiologists have pointed out the poor sensitivity of the test precludes its use as a screening test. This interpretation appears somewhat flawed. Using the current rapid test will allow clinicians to correctly identify half of the cats with moderate-to-severe occult HCM. A small number of cats without HCM will also test positive, necessitating an ultimately needless echocardiographic evaluation to demonstrate their disease-free status. However, the low prevalence of HCM in the general cat population and the apparently much lower rate of adverse events than would be predicted brings into question whether clinicians should bother screening. Therefore, until a more sensitive and accurate screening test becomes available, clinicians will have to decide for themselves whether identifying half of the at-risk cats of sudden death and CHF with this test is better than identifying none of them.
Employment, starting salaries, and educational indebtedness of year 2021 graduates of US veterinary medical colleges
Authors: Bain Bridgette
Published: July 2022

For year 2021 graduates of US veterinary medical schools and colleges who had accepted a full-time position in a private or public practice or an advanced education program (n = 2,448), mean starting annual salary was $80,844. Excluding salaries for individuals who were pursuing advanced education, mean starting annual salary for graduates who had accepted a full-time position in a private or public practice was $98,088.

For the 2,771 year 2021 graduates who reported information on debt, mean educational debt accumulated during veterinary school was $156,221 (median, $160,000). Mean educational debt for the 2,322 year 2021 graduates who had educational debt was $186,430, compared with a mean of $188,853 for year 2020 graduates who had educational debt.
Nonlinear Differential Equations in Computer-Aided Modeling of Big Data Technology
Authors: Li Yinping , Cheng Qing , Khder Moaiad Ahmad
Published: July 2022

If you use simple linear equation classification for big data analysis and classification modeling, the work efficiency is low, and the accuracy is also poor. For this reason, the thesis uses nonlinear differential equations to carry out computer-aided unsteady aerodynamic modeling. Based on the perspective of differential equations, the big data classification technology is studied, and the classification model is established. The article constructs the differential classification mathematical model by establishing the differential equation with second-order delay and the constraint conditions of the model specification set. The article identifies and identifies linear parameters such as characteristic time constants in the aerodynamic model. Research shows that the model can accurately predict unsteady aerodynamic characteristics under different maneuvers.
Involvement of young people in the citizen science of invasive alien species in Bulgaria
Authors: Tsvetkova Elena , Milchev Galin , Stefanova Hristina , Tomov Rumen
Published: July 2022

Citizen science plays an important role in the early detection of invasive alien species (IAS). The involvement of young people in initiatives related to citizen science in Bulgaria could contribute to better monitoring of IAS because of mobility and digital skills of those people. Based on a questionnaire survey, key aspects of involvement of young people in citizen science initiatives were analysed. Two groups of respondents, including professionals (with an educational background in biology or with professional activities related to the bioresources) and non-professionals (not connected with bioresources) were asked to make judgments about their own level of knowledge about: (1) IAS issues, (2) the level of awareness of citizen science; (3) the motivation and preferable ways to participate in citizen science; and (4) the most appropriate approaches for IAS awareness raising. A total of 337 young people in the age range of 15-30 years were questioned during the period 2019-2021. The results show that there is no significant difference between the responses of the two groups of respondents to the questionnaire - professionals and non-professionals. In both groups, less than 50% of respondents are aware of issues related to IAS. Less than 40% of respondents indicated the correct definition of citizen science. The leading motivation factor to participate in citizen science initiatives is “caring for nature” followed by “to contribute to nature conservation” and “to learn more about nature”. Most of the respondents are interested in additional information related to IAS and prefer online sources for information.
Morphotectonic affilation of the Lilyak Plateau
Authors: Stankova Svetla , Tzankov Tzanko
Published: July 2022

The morphostructural features of the Lilyak Plateau and it’s spatial and morphotectonic relationships with the adjacent parts of the Eastern Pre-Balkan Mountains are examined in the light of modern mobilist ideas. The Lilyak Plateau landform is part of the South Moesian morphostructural zone. This morphostructure borders distinctly to the south with the northern border of the corresponding part of the Fore Hemus morphostructural zone. There are significant morphostructural and morphotectonic differences between these two regional morphostructural units.
Comparison of ultrasound and maceration methods on antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy of phenolic compounds extracted from Cynodon dactylon L. of Algeria
Authors: Tlili Mohammed Laid , Benine Chaima
Published: July 2022

An investigation was carried out to extract the polyphenols from Cynodon dactylon L. by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and maceration assisted extraction (MAE), and to assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, as well as the evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extracts. The yields of crude extracts were 9.40 % for the MAE extract and 12.52 % for the UAE extract. The results showed that the extract obtained by MAE contains a high level of polyphenols and flavonoids estimated by 42.14 ± 0.75 mg EAG/gE and 23.57 ± 0.78 mg EQ/gE. In contrast, the content of condensed tannins in the extract of UAE (19.34 ± 0.48 mg EC/gE) is higher. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity revealed a considerable antioxidant response, the MAE extract represents the most active extract, with an IC50 =7.52 ± 0.037 mg/mL for the DPPH test, and 15.83 ± 0.37 mg EAA/gE for the FRAP test. The results of antimicrobial activity showed that all the strains targeted have high susceptibility to the two ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon L. The evaluation of cytotoxicity against RBCs was carried, the results shown the non-toxic effect of C. dactylon extracts and hence support its ethnomedicinal application.
Design and Execution of Demolition Works By Blasting of Industrial Constructions – Technical and Safety Aspects
Authors: Laszlo Robert , Jitea Ciprian , Garaliu Bogdan , Nicola Aurelian , Miklos Levente
Published: July 2022

The paper describes the practical way and security conditions of realizing the demolition of an industrial chimney located in an oil refinery platform, having in the immediate vicinity sensitive equipment and constructions. The chimney has a height of 150 m and consists of the outer tubular structure of reinforced concrete and an inner chimney made of refractory brick masonry. In order to establish the possible secondary effects generated by the blasting works, a risk assessment was made with reference to seismic wave, air shock wave, noise, dust and the level of shock generated by the impact of chimney construction with the soil. The demolition work was carried out successfully and due to protection and safety measures no unwanted events were recorded, and the measured values of the seismic wave generated by the impact with the ground of the chimney were non-dangerous, being below the values estimated in the risk assessment.
Exploratory Analysis of Survival and Mortality Rates among Older Lung Cancer Patients Utilizing Different Treatment Modalities
Authors: Alotaibi Abdulmajeed , Ali Askal , Brown Clyde , Sherbeny Fatimah
Published: July 2022

Objective: To explore the impact of different lung cancer treatment modalities on survival time and mortality rates in older patients.
Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify lung cancer patients aged ≥50 years old in the United States. Descriptive statistics and trend charts from 2000 to 2016 were generated. Regression analysis was performed among lung cancer patients to explore the association between survival time and treatment utilization (chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery). A regression model was also applied to explore the association between treatment modalities and odds of dying.
Results: A total of 826,217 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer between 2000-2016. The number of lung cancer cases increased by 7%, and the average annual frequency was 48,529 cases per year. Survival, mortality, and treatment utilization varied over the years based on demographic, clinical characteristics, and social status. Five-year survival rate was less than 10% among the study population, and 84% of included lung cancer patients died. Chemotherapy was more commonly used (62%), followed by radiation (35%) and surgical interventions (22%). Chemotherapy and surgery showed a survival advantage. The odds of dying were two times higher among patients treated with surgery than those who were not (OR: 2.62, 95%Cl: 2.58- 2.67).
Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of considering treatment modalities and individual patient characteristics, which may impact survival times and mortality rates among older lung cancer patients.
THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 ON THE FORMATION OF SCIENCE 4.0
Authors:   Institute of Information Technology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Fataliyev Tahmasib , Mehdiyev Shakir ,   Institute of Information Technology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2022

Technological innovations at the forefront of industrial revolutions are applied not only in industry but also create a need for research and applications, as a result of which they are mastered and penetrate other areas of human activity. In this regard, the latest advances in information technology in the field of data generation, storage, transmission and processing during the 4th industrial revolution have led to the transformation of traditional scientific activity and the rapid development of the concept of “data-based science”. The article analyzes the main development stages in the scientific environment, the organization of scientific activities with the widespread use of Industry 4.0 solutions, and its organic connection with the concept of Science 4.0. The essence of Science 4.0 is revealed through the review of studies in the field of the Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data analytics, and other intelligent solutions. Conceptual issues of the formation of Science 4.0 are developed and relevant proposals are made for its implementation.
Más allá de los ensayos de desorción en la exploración del gas asociado al carbón (CBM). Caso Colombia
Authors: Duarte Barrera Claudia Ines , Mariño-Martínez Jorge E.
Published: July 2022

Debido a la disminución de las reservas de gas natural y al elevado número de muertos por explosiones en minas de carbón, Colombia ha venido adelantando exploraciones preliminares del gas metano asociado al carbón (CBM). Hasta ahora, la exploración de CBM se ha centrado en el contenido de gas por tonelada de carbón a partir de sistemas de desorción utilizando cánisters, pero se han hecho pocos ensayos adicionales para determinar la saturación de gas en el carbón, el origen del gas, el porcentaje de metano y la permeabilidad de los carbones. El propósito de esta investigación es analizar información reciente sobre el uso de isotermas de adsorción, ensayos en isótopos de C13 y deuterio, cromatografía de gases y modelación de la permeabilidad. Los ensayos de isotermas de adsorción indican que los carbones están subsaturados, los resultados isotópicos muestran que el origen del gas sería biogénico principalmente, que los contenidos de metano estarían por debajo de 77 %, y que los valores de permeabilidad podrían ser altos. Los resultados también indican que se requieren más ensayos de isotermas, isótopos, cromatografía y permeabilidad, para aclarar con mayor precisión la saturación del metano, el origen del gas, el porcentaje de metano y la capacidad de flujo que tendrían los depósitos de CBM en Colombia, y de esta manera asegurar que haya gas suficiente para lograr la factibilidad económica en futuros proyectos. También se concluye que la exploración ha sido superficial y que se requiere investigar el CBM a profundidades superiores a 500 m, a prudente distancia de los trabajos mineros y lejos de áreas muy fracturadas, preferiblemente en estructuras como sinclinales con bajos buzamientos, y que se incluyan estudios de fracturas, diagénesis y modelado del yacimiento.
Lexical Frequency in Heritage Speakers of Spanish
Authors: Mayans Dámaris
Published: July 2022

This study examines the impact of lexical frequency on grammatical agreement in heritage speakers of Spanish and a Spanish monolingual control group. Research has provided evidence of frequency effects when accessing nouns and this effect was proven to be more prominent in bilingual speakers. This investigation expands on the antecedent psycholinguistic research on lexical access through agreement operations carried out on monolingual speakers of Spanish by examining this effect in two populations of heritage speakers of Spanish that differ in relation to their dominance in Spanish. Experiment 1 was a Elicit Production Task and Experiment 2 was a Picture Description Task. Retrieval of grammatical gender features is needed in both tasks; therefore, lexical frequency plays a role in accessing this information. Reaction times analysis showed frequency effects in both bilingual populations and, as predicted by the Frequency-Lag Hypothesis, larger frequency effects in the less Spanish-dominant group. Results contribute to the understanding of processing mechanisms in adult bilingualism, particularly in heritage speakers of Spanish in the United States.
Islamophobia, Ideology, and Discourse Analysis in Ecuadorian Social Media
Authors: Spier Troy E.
Published: July 2022

Although it has been repeatedly suggested in western media coverage that the countries of Latin America are currently or could become future covert breeding grounds for Muslim extremism, there is no substantive evidence to support this otherwise imagined threat. On the contrary, Catholicism is so widespread that the estimated Muslim population across the continent is projected for the next forty years to remain the same relative to the whole (0.1%). Despite this realization, however, Islamophobia is on the rise even in Latin America. In this context, the present study extracts and examines the most comment-provoking statuses posted during a two-year period on the Facebook page of the Ahmadiyya community of Quito, Ecuador, in order to identify the ideological-linguistic stances reflected in and discursively created, reproduced, and reified through almost 600 responses by other users. In doing so, this study employs Critical Discourse Analysis to examine (1) the types of multimodal messages presented to the public; (2) the way in which the ‘Other’ is conclusively, collaboratively defined; and (3) the discursive strategies employed both in negative Other-presentation and in solidarity-building measures, ultimately indicating religious, linguistic, and nationalistic group positioning recreated in the ‘online world.’
Oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in patients with alopecia areata: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Shakoei Safoura , Mirmiranpoor Hossein , Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Nasimi Maryam , Bakhshi Ghazaleh , Azizpour Arghavan
Published: July 2022

Background

Alopecia areata is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition.

Aim

To evaluate the serum oxidative stress markers and antioxidant capacity in patients with alopecia areata.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients with alopecia areata and 40 healthy controls. The fasting blood sugar, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, and serum oxidative markers, including advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products, were measured in this study. Also, antioxidant enzymes, including paraoxonase-1, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and serum ferric-reducing antioxidant power, were determined.

Results

The serum levels of advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products were significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P< 0.001), whereas the levels of ferric-reducing antioxidant power, paraoxonase-1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase were significantly lower in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P< 0.001). The mean fasting blood sugar level was significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls. The ferric reducing antioxidant power level was significantly associated with the percentage of hair loss (P= 0.01,r= 0.4) and the serum C-reactive protein level (P= 0.03,r= -0.3) in patients with alopecia areata.

Limitations

Since the current study had a cross-sectional design, no cause-effect relationship was established between alopecia areata and oxidative stress. The sample size of our study was also small.

Conclusion

Based on the present results, the oxidant-antioxidant enzymatic system is impaired in alopecia areata due to the increased oxidative products and decreased antioxidant activity.
COVID-19 in people living with HIV – A case series
Authors: Chadalavada Bhavya , Rao M. Raja , Pandharpurkar Deepak
Published: July 2022

People with chronic diseases, old age, obesity, and immunosuppression are more susceptible to infections, including COVID-19. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is widely prevalent in India, yet, the number of COVID cases in people living with HIV is low. We report six cases of COVID-19 in patients with HIV who face various challenges in the intensive care unit. The severity of their COVID infection varies from patient to patient depending on their immune status and treatment with antiretroviral therapy.
Implementasi Akad Mudharabah Pada Pengelolaan Lahan Wisata Waduk Tanjungan Di Desa Tanjungan Kabupaten Mojokerto Untuk Meningkatan Perekonomian Masyarakat
Authors: Fuad Mahmudzen Marjuki  , Renny Oktafia
Published: July 2022

Wisata Waduk Tanjungan memberikan peluang kepada masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan lahan wisata yang dimiliki Desa Tanjungan yang dikelola masyarakat untuk menambahkan perekonomian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi dan dampak pada pengelolaan lahan wisata waduk tanjungan di Desa Tanjungan dengan menggunakan metode maqashid syariah sebagai indikator peningkatan kesejahteraan pedagang atau pengelola lahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pembagian hasil pengelolaan lahan sudah sesuai dengan metode maqashid syariah, hal ini dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya kesejahteraan masyarakat dalam hal: 1) spiritualitas dengan memperbanyak sedakah jariyah (hifz ad-din), 2) terpenuhinya kebutuhan jiwa/batin (hifz an-nafs), 3) meningkatnya pengetahuan dalam mempromosikan usaha dan menjaga kelestarian alam (hifz al-aql), 4) meningkatnya pengetahuan keturunan (hifz an-nashl), 5) meningkatan pendapatan (hifz al-maal).
Single-industry town as a separate political space: results of a socio-political study
Authors: Znamenskiy D. Yu. , Khorobrova E. V.
Published: July 2022

The article analyses the problems of socio-political development of towns and the place of sociological research in this process, demonstrating its importance and the relevance of studying public policy at the local level. As an object of research, special attention is paid to single-industry towns due to their vulnerability to various kinds of shocks that directly affect the social and political state of the urban community. In order to reveal the specifics of the socio-political development of a single-industry town as an isolated political space, the city of Sarov was chosen. A survey (questionnaire survey) of respondents in Sarov and an expert interview were used as the main research methods. Three hypotheses regarding the factors of political and social behaviour of Sarov’s residents of were put forward in the course of the study, one of which was later confirmed. The principal features of socio-political development of a single-industry town have been revealed.
Regioselective anti-Silyllithiation of Propargylic Alcohols
Authors: Karad Somnath N. , Saito Hayate , Shimokawa Jun , Yorimitsu Hideki
Published: July 2022

Among the known hydrosilylation or carbosilylation conditions of alkynes, anti-addition of the two units across the triple bond is considered rare compared to the syn counterpart. For anti-silylative vicinal difunctionalizations, transition-metal catalysts, such as ruthenium or palladium complexes, are generally required. Accordingly, silyl alkali metals have not been employed for those anti-addition transformations. Here we demonstrate that silyllithiums can add across the triple bond of a series of propargylic alkoxides regioselectively in an anti-fashion. Upon treatment with a variety of electrophiles, the tri-substituted alkenyl lithium intermediates were transformed into highly functionalized β-silyl allylic alcohols with high regio-control, eventually providing tri- or tetrasubstituted alkenylsilanes stereoselectively. A classic trick for anti-addition with propargylic alkoxides has transformed anti-silylative functionalizations into a robust and reliable strategy.
Transition Energy, Orientation Force and Work Done in Transitional Behavior Atoms: Formulating New Principles in Thermodynamics
Authors: Ali Mubarak
Published: July 2022

Studying basic parameters of heat and thermodynamics may explore new principles in science. Gaseous and solid atoms under transitional behaviors can explore remarkable advances in chemical and physical sciences. An anomaly in the first law of thermodynamics can be recognized explicitly when the transitional behaviors of atoms are in the study. By gaining transition energy, gaseous atoms undertake a transition state. Hence, the work performs by the gaseous atoms. Symbolically, a plus sign requires for it. A transition state occurs in the solid atom because of the absorbing transition energy. The performed work keeps the minus sign. To keep the orientation of electrons, gaseous and solid atoms experience different forces. In either case, transition energy changes the potential energy of the electron in an atom, thus controlling the orientation force. An anomaly resolves by changing the equations of internal energy. Gaseous and solid atoms introduce cooling and heat effects in elastically driven electronic states till the mid-states. A mid-state of a transition state falls between re-crystallization and liquid states. In generating cooling or heating energy, an electron executes dynamics by remaining within the occupied energy knot. Thus, constantly driven electronic states of atoms cause disorder and irreversible cycles.
PEDOT-NHS as a Versatile Conjugated Polyelectrolyte for Bioelectronics
Authors: Tropp Joshua , Mehta Abijeet , Wu Ruiheng , Reddy Manideep , Patel Shiv , Petty Anthony , Rivnay Jonathan
Published: July 2022

The field of bioelectronics leverages the optoelectronic properties of synthetic materials to interface with living systems. These applications require materials that are conductive, aqueous processible, biocompatible, and can be chemically modified for biofunctionalization. While conjugated polymers and polyelectrolytes have been reported that demonstrate several of these features, materials that offer each of these properties simultaneously are rare. Here, we developed copolymers of anionic polyelectrolyte poly(4-(2,3-dihydro-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-2-ylmethoxy)-butane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt (PEDOT-S), containing structural units with amine-reactive NHS-esters. The reported PEDOT-NHS copolymers demonstrate water-solubility and electrical conductivities similar to previously reported PEDOT-S, as well as the ability to bind important amine-rich biomaterials. Furthermore, the PEDOT-NHS copolymers were biocompatible and hemocompatible, and therefore show promise for next-generation bioelectronic and regenerative engineering applications.
Study of The Electrical, Optical and Morphological Properties in Submicron and Microstructured ZnO Thin Films Obtained by Spin Coating and Chemical Bath Deposition
Authors: Esmerio C. López , Rojas C. Ruiz , Rocha J. Angulo , Medina E. Lizárraga , Brito Francisco Ramos , García E. Camarillo , Martinez R. Martinez , Frutis M. Aguilar , Hipólito M. García
Published: July 2022

In the present work the synthesis of ZnO semiconductor thin films was performed successively using spin coating and chemical bath deposition techniques. The deposition was made by varying the concentration of zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA: ZnAc) in the precursor solution. This process led to two preferred growth directions (002) and (101), both with very similar texture coefficients, too; a noticeable change in morphology of structured surface, variation in unit cell parameters and crystalline grain size. All the films turned out homogeneously submicro and microstructured and with a wurtzite-type hexagonal crystalline structure. Using pre-loaded Mathematica 11.3 software functions and an algorithm developed in it, the micrographies were analyzed to calculate the percentage of substrate-covered area which was always greater than 80%. Likewise, it also found that resistivity decreases at a higher percentage of covered area and that the variation in the shape of the photo luminescent emission spectrum can be considered as a qualitative indication of the concentration of charge carriers.
Evaluate All The Order of Every Element in The Higher Even, Odd, and Prime Order of Group for Composition
Authors: Mannan Md. Abdul , Akter Halima , Ullah Md. Amanat
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to treat a study on the order of every element in the higher even, odd and prime order of group for composition. In fact, express order of a group and order of an element of a group in real numbers. Here we discuss the higher order of groups in different types of order, which will give us practical knowledge to see the applications of the composition. In order to find out the order of an element am∈G in which an= e= identity element, then find the least common multiple (i.e.(LCM))= λ) of m and n. The least common multiple of two numbers is the "smallest non-zero common number," which is a multiple of both the numbers. So O(am )= λ/m. Also, if G is a finite group, n is a positive integer, and a∈G then the order of the products na. When G is a finite group, every element must have finite order, but the converse is false. There are infinite groups where each element has finite order. Finally, find out the order of every element of a group in different types of the higher even, odd and prime order of group for composition.
Validation of Mercury Speciation Analysis in River Around Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining Area in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Hermanto Dhony , Ismillayli Nurul , Herdiyanti Nindi , Kamali Siti Raudhatul , Aulia Soraya
Published: July 2022

A method for determining mercury concentration using a mercury analyzer in a river water sample was validated according to ISO/IEC 17025. Analytical performance including linear range, limit of detection, precision and accuracy were evaluated. Mercury speciation profile was obtained from Pelangan River at three areas within Dusun Rambut Petung, an area with the highest amount of artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Then, their concentration in each species was measured using sequential extraction. Good curve linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 0.1-5.0 µg/L and the limit of detection was 0.014 µg/L. The developed method has good precision and accuracy with a RSD value <10% and a recovery of 94.16-101.91%. The detected fraction of mercury in the Pelangan river is organomercury, elemental mercury, and sulfide-bound species with each concentration of 0.732±0.032; 0.350±0.027; and 0.850±0.027 µg/L, respectively. The measurement results showed conformity with the reference method using CV-AAS. Therefore, this method can be applied to determine mercury levels in water for monitoring environmental quality.
Sigara bırakma polikliniğine başvuran kişilerde bırakma oranları ile bırakma durumunu etkileyen faktörler
Authors: PERİNCEK Gökhan , YAĞCI İbrahim
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Sigara bağımlılarında sıklıkla kronik obstruktif akciğer hastalığı başta olmak üzere, astım gibi akciğer hastalıkları ile birlikte birçok sistemik hastalık görülmektedir. 2030 yılından sonra her yıl sigara tüketimine bağlı 8.4 milyon kişinin öleceği hesaplanırken bu kişilerin %80’inin gelişmekte olan ülkelerde gerçekleşeceği düşünülmektedir. Araştırmamızda sigara bırakma polikliniğine başvuran olguların sosyodemografik özelliklerinin ve sigara kullanımını bırakmada etkili olabilecek faktörlerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Ocak 2019-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında Kars Harakani Devlet Hastanesi sigara kullanımını bırakmak için sigara bırakma polikliniğine başvuran 517 kişi çalışmaya alınmıştır. Katılımcılardan tarafımızca hazırlanan sosyodemografik özellikler, fagerström nikotin bağımlılık testi ile birlikte sigara içme davranışları ile ilgili soruların olduğu formu doldurmaları istenilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma da sigara kullanımını bırakabilen 118, bırakamayan 399 kişi olmak üzere 517 kişinin verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Günlük içilen sigara sayısı, sigara kullanımına başlama yaşı, Fagerstrom ölçek skorları arasında gruplar arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmemiştir. Evde sigara içilen kişilerde gruplar arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan tedavi rejimlerine göre de gruplar arası istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç: Sigara bırakma oranlarının düşük olduğu için kişilerin daha yakından sık aralıklarla görüşmeye çağırılması motivasyonlarının arttırılması önemlidir. Ayrıca her bağımlılık yapan madde gibi sigara kullanımına başlanmamasını sağlamak için uygulanan politikaların daha da genişletilmesi gerekmekte olduğunu düşünüyoruz.
Frame/Figure: Tools for Responding to Transitional Settlements
Authors:   , Sykes Mackenzie
Published: July 2022

The planning of refugee camps raises unique challenges. Despite the time scale being the of an emergency, and resources likely to be insufficient, the globally administered, state-of-the-art design template is quickly pushed beyond its limits as camps develop into de facto cities. Moreover, the current template commonly administered by humanitarian organisations reveals an emphasis over short-term rather than long-term solutions, with more focus upon the camps being a delivered collection of shelter objects, and with little consideration for the relationship between those objects, or the social performance of the settlement as a whole.

Architectural or planning discourse rarely includes refugee camps, if at all, largely to exchange ideas about how to improve temporary emergency structures. However, the actuality of many hundreds of extant refugee settlements presents a much more complex reality, forcing us to reconsider our preconceptions. Instead of temporary, ordered tent cities, there are often streets, markets, shops and public buildings surrounded by makeshift buildings: an ambiguous environment, existing somewhere between emergency camp and urban space. Closer analysis of the morphology and development of a camp indicates that this ambiguity emerges virtually instantaneously.

This thesis looks at a recently formed refugee camp, Kutupalong, in southern Bangladesh, following an exodus in 2017; resulting in the rapid construction and development of a dense and widespread urban fabric. As a space produced largely by the arriving Rohingya refugee populations, the built fabric is representative of social relationships and responses to environmental factors.

This research-led design enquiry is interdisciplinary. It identifies, abstracts and links observations of the built environment as a self-organizing entity, engaging with concepts rooted in architectural theory such as urban sociology, spatial syntax, urban morphology and typology to extract spatial information from the case study. It analyses the growth patterns of the settlement, as well as justifying the origin of various spatial types and the relationships between particular types that have emerged following the camp’s influx period, recognizing the practices of refugee agency and the practices in which socio-cultural decisions have materialised into certain spaces.

This dissertation contends that, from thus knowledge gained, a richer, and context-specific design strategy can be generated to better support urban growth and social development in urbanised refugee camps. Furthermore, a better understanding of socio-physical networks could also contribute to response strategies that are more sensitive to human spatial relationships.