bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF LABOUR POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE WITH THE CREATION OF THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Berilov Dmitry , Pavlenko Valery
Published: December 2019

The article aims to consider the importance and assess the labor potential of modern enterprise instrument-making, taking into account the creation of a system of quality management, in order to propose measures to improve it.
PERFECTION OF THE PROCESS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Chymba Chayana , Shaburova Aelita
Published: December 2019

The paper examines the importance of research into the problem of the effectiveness of the use of the labor potential of a high-tech enterprise. Presented certain principles of management reproduction staff in high-tech enterprise. Recommendations on improving the process of forming and using labor potential are given.
MAIN APPROACHES TO FORMATION OF SECURITY POLICY
Authors: Oyun Cheynesh , Popantonopulo Evgenij , Karmanov Igor
Published: December 2019

In the article the relevance of information security policy development at an enterprise is shown, key definitions of security policy are given. The main functions and standards in the field of security policy are highlighted, the consequences of absence or poorly developing of security policy are formulated, two approaches to the formation of security policy are signed, and the topic of automating the process of developing of a basic or general security policy for an enterprise is disclosed.
SOME ASPECTS OF MODERNIZING THE DESIGN OF THE NIGHT SIGHT IN THE DAY/NIGHT SIGHT
Authors: Stepanov Valery , Nikulin Dmitry
Published: December 2019

A review of day/night sights was conducted. Various types of devices of the selected type are considered. Preferred instrument upgrade option selected. A comparison of similar devices with similar characteristics with modernized ones has been made. A list of recommended features and requirements for the future instrument has been compiled.
PECULIARITIES OF AXES AND POINTS WITH KNOWN COORDINATES ON THE MOUNTING HORIZON
Authors: Mukovskiy Kirill , Ryabova Nadezhda
Published: December 2019

The methods of transfer of axes to the mounting horizon with the use of various geodetic equipment are considered. The characteristic features and problems arising in the production of geodetic works in construction are revealed.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Iost Evgeniy , Shaburova Aelita
Published: December 2019

Current state of innovation management in the Russian Federation is considered in the article. The state and corporate experience of other countries' innovation management, which can be used in raising the level of the country's economy in the world, was observed.
FEATURES OF VERIFICATION GAUGE BLOCKS
Authors: Anfilofeva Irina , Simonova Galina
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the features verification of the scientific gauge and the possibility of eliminating the subjective component the error of the control results.
CADASTRAL WORKS ON LAND PLOTS THAT ARE PERFORMED IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT OF PLANNING THE TERRITORY INTENDED FOR PLACEMENT OF THE FOURTH BRIDGE OVER THE OB RIVER IN NOVOSIBIRSK
Authors: Bondar Anastasia , Vorobyova Julia , Giniyatov Ilgiz
Published: December 2019

The paper presents some results of cadastral works in respect of land plots, which were carried out within the framework of the land surveying project of the territory intended for the placement of the fourth bridge across the Ob river in the city of Novosibirsk. At the same time, the normative legal documents that served as a justification for the work performed, the methods of formation of land plots, the geodetic basis for cadastral works are considered and the accuracy characteristics for the characteristic points of the boundaries of the formed land plots are given.
PROSPECTS FOR CREATING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL CADASTRE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Gareeva Saida
Published: December 2019

This article provides a rationale for the transition from a two-dimensional to a hybrid 2.5D real estate cadastre in Russia. The definition of a land plot from the position of the 3D cadastre is disclosed. The experience of some foreign countries in the development of three-dimensional inventories is considered.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT OF A UNIFIED SYSTEM OF PROCESSING, DISPOSAL AND DISPOSAL OF BALLAST OF SOLID COMMUNAL WASTE ON THE EXAMPLE OF RECONSTRUCTION OF POLYGON OF SOLID COMMUNAL WASTE «GUSINOBRODSKIY»
Authors: Grinyuk Alina , Sidorova Maria
Published: December 2019

The article has developed a project for the reconstruction and recultivation of the Gusinobrodsky solid municipal waste landfill to create a complex system for the processing, utiliza-tion and disposal of the ballast of municipal solid waste. New, environmentally friendly and cost-effective areas have been selected to provide a modern system for the management of municipal waste.
ABOUT THE PROBLEMS OF VIOLATION OF LEGAL REGIME OF LAND USE IN THE RIPARIAN ZONES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF NOVOSIBIRSK RESERVOIR)
Authors: Dubrovsky Alexey , Voronina Elena
Published: December 2019

The article deals with violations of the legal regime of land use within the boundaries of water protection zones (on the example of the Novosibirsk reservoir). Examples of the use of land for the place of "wild" rest of the population, storage of household garbage. With the use of earth remote sensing data, examples of unauthorized seizure of land within the boundaries of water protection zones, as well as plowing of these lands and the organization of industrial production are shown. The conclusion is made about the need for short-term work on the establishment and consolidation of the boundaries of water protection zones and coastal protective strips.
ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS OF INCREASING THE NUMBER OF REFERENCE OBJECTS OF REAL ESTATE IN THE TERRITORY OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION
Authors: Zhadan Maria , Chernov Aleksandr , Antonov Alexandr
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of the analysis of the growth dynamics of the registered real estate for 2015–2019, the main measures that had an impact on the increase of this indicator, a conclusion was made on the type of real estate, showing the most relative growth results.
LEGAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF REALIZATION OF COTTAGE AMNESTY
Authors: Kuznetsova Anna , Alles Polina , Mitrofanova Natalia
Published: December 2019

This paper describes a simplified procedure for registering citizens' rights to real estate and land plots occupied by such objects, which allows registration of rights to land plots and capital construction objects, as well as land plots and capital construction objects, with a minimum package of documents, namely without obtaining a building permit and permission to commission the object.
THE ORDER OF ESTABLISHMENT AND INTRODUCTION OF THE TRANSITORIAL ZONES IN THE EDRN ON THE EXAMPLE OF R.P. KRASNOZERSKY NOVOSIBIRSK REGION
Authors: Maiorov Evgeniy , Plakhova Elizaveta , Mitrofanova Natalia
Published: December 2019

This work examines the issue of entering into the Unified State Register of Real Estate (hereinafter referred to as USRN) information about the boundaries of territorial zones and ways to solve them.
In order to improve the business environment at the regional level, the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 31, 2017 No. 147-p approved 12 target models for simplifying business procedures and increasing the investment attractiveness of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
According to this Order, until 2021, it is necessary to prepare, coordinate and approve the draft Rules of land use and development (hereinafter referred to as the PZZ) and enter information on the boundaries of territorial zones in the USRN.
ANALYSIS OF CADASTRAL ACTIVITIES IN RELATION TO LAND PLOTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MUNICIPAL PUBLIC INSTITUTION «LAND BUREAU»
Authors: Muratova Anastasia , Giniyatov Ilgiz
Published: December 2019

This article presents some results of cadastral activities in relation to land plots on the example of the Municipal state institution "Land Bureau" of the city of Novosibirsk. At the same time, the analysis of cadastral works performed for the period from 2015 to 2017 was carried out and the conclusion was made about the work done.
SEARCH AND FORMATION OF LAND PLOTS FOR LOCATION OF COMMUNICATION STRUCTURES
Authors: Fayt Aleksey
Published: December 2019

The procedure for finding and forming land plots to accommodate communications facilities is demonstrated. Geoinformation systems used to search for the projected location of communication structures are described and analyzed. Lists ways of registration of land for the placement of antenna-mast communication facilities. Described and analyzed the procedures for the preparation of documentation for the conclusion of the lease of land and obtaining permission to place the object. The features of permits for the placement of objects for antenna-mast communications facilities in the regions of the Siberian Federal District are shown.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF CALIBRATION OF THERMAL TRANSDUCERS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF METROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES
Authors: Akimova Irina , Bulatova Anna , Vihareva Nadezhda
Published: December 2019

The method of experimental determination of metrological characteristics of thermal emitters ACHT-5I, in particular, implementing the possibility of solving the problem of accurate measurements of the surface temperature of the radiator.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATED WORKPLACE OF ADMINISTRATOR TO WORK WITH CUSTOMERS
Authors: Kukharenko Victoriya , Bugakov Petr
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the experience of developing software for automatization of the activities of an administrator in working with clients in organizations of service sector. The project will be used as a practical part when working on final qualifying work.
EVALUATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING MEASUREMENTS WHILE CONDUCTING ALCOTESTER TEST
Authors: Kupreeva Julia
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the factors affecting the measurement during the verification of the breathalyzer. The possibility increasing the reliability of control is shown.
DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION WITH DYNAMIC ADAPTATION OF PARAMETERS BASED ON A FUZZY LOGIC AUGMENTATION APPROACH
Authors: CASTİLLO Oscar , OCHOA Patricia , SORİA José
Published: December 2019

This paper proposes an
improvement to the Differential Evolution algorithm using a fuzzy logic
augmentation. The main contribution is to dynamically adapt the parameters of
mutation (F) and crossover (CR) using a fuzzy system, with the aim that the
fuzzy system calculates the optimal parameters of the differential evolution
algorithm during execution for obtaining better solutions, in this way arriving
to the proposed new fuzzy differential evolution algorithm. In this paper
experiments are performed with a set of mathematical functions using the
original algorithm and the proposed method. Based on a statistical comparison
of the original and proposed method, we can state that the fuzzy differential
evolution algorithm outperforms the original differential evolution method.
ROLE OF TOPICAL TREATMENT OF PAIN SYNDROME IN PATIENTS AFTER HEMORROIDECTOMY
Authors: Ivanov V. V. , Lebedev I. S. , Blagodarny L. A.
Published: December 2019

AIM: to estimate efficacy of local use of fluocortolone pivalate combined with lidocaine for postoperative pain after excisional hemorrhoidectomy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: two-hundred patients were included in retrospective study. All patients underwent excisional hemorrhoidectomy. Patients were divided in two groups, each group included 100 patients comparable in demographics, hemorrhoids stage. Traditional postoperative systemic pain relief was used in both groups and included NSAIDs and opioid receptor antagonists. The main group included patients with postoperative additional local use of fluocortolone pivalate in combination with lidocaine in operative theatre, every day after during postoperative control examination and after each defecation up to 7 days after surgery. The pain intensity was estimated using visual analog scale (VAS).RESULTS: on the 1st day after surgery pain was less intensive in the main group (1.57 vs 3.24; p<0,05), as well as on the 3d day (0,91 vs 2.48; p<0,05) and on 7th day (0.63 vs 1.12; p<0,05).

CONCLUSION: local use of fluocortolone pivalate combined with lidocaine reduces postoperative pain twice.
ACUTE SEVERE ULCERATIVE COLITIS (case report)
Authors: Pak V. E. , Korotaeva N. S. , Chashkova E. Yu. , Zheltovskaya A. A. , Makeeva I. E.
Published: December 2019

The case report of the onset of acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) in a young, previously healthy patient. The UC was revealed department of the infectious disease in general hospital, a proper conservative treatment was started but was ineffective. The patient was taken to the colorectal surgery unit of the tertiary referral center. His status was very poor including metabolic changes and dehydration, anemia, thrombocytopenia, systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Despite intensive therapy, the condition impaired and massive intestinal bleeding recurred. Urgent colproctectomy with end ileostomy was performed. Pathomorphological study verified the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis – highly active inflammation involving the submucosal and muscular layers of the intestine with multiple crypt abscesses. The patient was discharged 2 days after surgery. Follow-up was 3.5 years, patient in good condition without restrictions.
Domestication and Spread of Broomcorn Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Revealed by Phylogeography of Cultivated and Weedy Populations
Authors: Xu Yue , Liu Minxuan , Li Chunxiang , Sun Fengjie , Lu Ping , Meng Fanshuang , Zhao Xinyu , He Mingyue , Wang Fuzhou , Zhu Xingyu , Zhao Xin , Zhou Hui
Published: December 2019

Cultivated broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), one of the most ancient crops, has long been an important staple food in the semiarid regions of Eurasia. Weedy broomcorn millet (Panicum ruderale (Kitag.) Chang comb. Nov.), the companion weed of cultivated broomcorn millet, is also widely distributed throughout Eurasia and can produce fertile offspring by crossing with cultivated broomcorn millet. The evolutionary and genetic relationships between weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets, and the explicit domestication areas and detailed spread routes of this cereal are still unclear. The genetic diversity and population structure of 200 accessions of weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets were explored to elucidate the genetic relationship between weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets, and to trace the explicit domestication areas and detailed spread routes of broomcorn millets by using 23 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Our results show that the weedy populations in China may harbor the ancestral variations that gave rise to the domesticated broomcorn millet. The population structure pattern observed in the wild and domesticated broomcorn millets is consistent with the hypothesis that there may be at least two independent domestication areas in China for the cultivated broomcorn millet, the Loess Plateau and the Northeast China, with both following the westward spread routes. These two westward spread routes of cultivated broomcorn millet coincide exactly with the prehistoric Oasis Route and Steppe Route, respectively.
Effects of Brassinosteroids on Photosynthetic Performance and Nitrogen Metabolism in Pepper Seedlings under Chilling Stress
Authors: Yang Ping , Wang Yu , Li Jie , Bian Zhonghua
Published: December 2019

To investigate the effects of brassinosteroids on plant growth and nitrogen metabolism in pepper seedlings under chilling stress, pepper seedlings with three true leaves were foliar pretreated with 0.1 μM exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) before carrying out chilling stress for 7 days. The results showed that perapplication of EBR mitigated the chill-induced decrease in plant growth via maintenance of a high net photosynthetic rate (Anet), maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP). Exogenous EBR markedly increased the levels of partial free amino acids (proline, arginine, aspartic acid, and glycine) and promoted nitrogen metabolism through increasing the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the leaves of pepper seedlings under chilling stress. The effect of exogenous EBR on the content of reactive oxygen species was also investigated. Pretreatment with EBR reduced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2−·), and concomitantly alleviated membrane lipid peroxidation of pepper leaves under chilling stress. These results suggest that foliar pretreatment of EBR has a positive effect on improving the chilling tolerance of pepper seedlings via maintaining a high photosynthetic capability and enhancing the nitrogen metabolism.
Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Reveal Adaptive Mechanisms of Ryegrass (Annual vs. Perennial) Seedlings to Salt Stress
Authors: Peng Xiaoyuan , Yu Dafu , Yan Junxin , Zhang Na , Lin Jixiang , Wang Jinghong
Published: December 2019

Ryegrass has a relatively high salt tolerance and is considered to be a promising species for both foraging and turf purposes in salt-affected soils in China. While annual ryegrass and perennial ryegrass are two different species, they have similar genomes. However, little is known about their physiological and molecular response mechanisms to salinity stress. Here, biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence, and inorganic ion and organic solute content were measured. 2-DE-based proteomic technology was then used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in the salt-treated seedlings. The results showed that salt stress reduced growth and photosynthesis in the seedlings of both species, but much more so in annual ryegrass. With increasing salinity, the Na+ concentration increased while the K+ concentration decreased in both species, and the sugars and proline increased as the primary organic solutes used to cope with osmotic stress. Additionally, proteomic analysis revealed 33 and 37 differentially expressed proteins in annual and perennial ryegrass, respectively. Most of the identified proteins were involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, photosynthesis, genetic information processes, amino acid metabolism, stress defense, and protein synthesis and folding. The results suggest that the two-ryegrass species had different physiological and proteomic responses. These findings can provide new insights into physiological mechanisms by which ryegrass species respond to salt stress.
Identification of Phenotypic and Physiological Markers of Salt Stress Tolerance in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) through Integrated Analyses
Authors: Guellim Amira , Catterou Manuella , Chabrerie Olivier , Tetu Thierry , Hirel Bertrand , Dubois Frédéric , Ben Ahmed Hela , Kichey Thomas
Published: December 2019

Salinity is one of the most important stresses that reduces plant growth and productivity in several parts of the world. Nine Tunisian durum wheat genotypes grown under hydroponic conditions were subjected to two levels of salt stress (100 and 170 mM NaCl) for 21 days. An integrative analysis revealing the impact of salinity on key phenotypic and physiological marker traits was then conducted. Principal component analysis grouped these traits into three different clusters corresponding to the absence of salt stress and the two levels of salt stress. This analysis also allowed the identification of genotypes exhibiting various levels of tolerance to NaCl. Among the nine genotypes of Triticum durum Desf., cultivar Om Rabiaa was the most tolerant whereas cultivar Mahmoudi genotype was the most sensitive. Following the multivariate analysis of the examined phenotypic and physiological traits, we found that shoot length, shoot fresh weight, leaf area, the whole-plant stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N), shoot ammonium and proline contents, and shoot glutamine synthetase activity could be used as markers for the selection of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes.
Effects of Developmental Programming Caused by Maternal Nutrient Intake on Postnatal Performance of Beef Heifers and Their Calves
Authors: Noya Agustí , Casasús Isabel , Ferrer Javier , Sanz Albina
Published: December 2019

In this study, we evaluated the effects of maternal subnutrition in early pregnancy on the growth and reproductive performance of female offspring during their rearing, first gestation, and lactation. We inseminated 21 Parda and 15 Pirenaica multiparous cows and assigned them to a CONTROL (100% of nutrition requirements) or SUBNUT (65%) diet until day 82 of gestation. Cows were fed 100% requirements afterward. During the rearing of female offspring, growth, physiological profiles and ovarian follicular dynamic were studied. At 16 months old, heifers were inseminated. After first calving, dam–calf weights were recorded during lactation. Heifers born from CONTROL cows were heavier at weaning (four months old) than heifers born from SUBNUT cows, but this difference disappeared at the end of rearing and during the first gestation and lactation periods. All heifers reached puberty at a similar age and live weight. During rearing, SUBNUT heifers had higher concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, urea, and cholesterol and a lower antral follicle count than CONTROL, but no difference was found in their fertility rate. After heifer first calving, dam–calf weights were similar among groups. In conclusion, maternal undernutrition reduced offspring postnatal gains at weaning, compromising metabolic status and follicle population during rearing but did not impair performance in the first gestation and lactation periods of beef heifers.
“But It’s Just a Fish”: Understanding the Challenges of Applying the 3Rs in Laboratory Aquariums in the UK
Authors: Message Reuben , Greenhough Beth
Published: December 2019

Adopting a social science perspective and qualitative methodology on the problem of laboratory fish welfare, this paper examines some underlying social factors and drivers that influence thinking, priorities and implementation of fish welfare initiatives and the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) for fish. Drawing on original qualitative interviews with stakeholders, animal technologists and scientists who work with fish—especially zebrafish—to illustrate the case, this paper explores some key social factors influencing the take up of the 3Rs in this context. Our findings suggest the relevance of factors including ambient cultural perceptions of fish, disagreements about the evidence on fish pain and suffering, the discourse of regulators, and the experiences of scientists and animal technologists who develop and put the 3Rs into practice. The discussion is focused on the UK context, although the main themes will be pertinent around the world.
Transcriptome of Chicken Liver Tissues Reveals the Candidate Genes and Pathways Responsible for Adaptation into Two Different Climatic Conditions
Authors: Kumar Himansu , Iskender Asankadyr U. , Srikanth Krishnamoorthy , Kim Hana , Zhunushov Asankadyr T. , Chooq Hyojun , Jang Gul Won , Lim Youngjo , Song Ki Duk , Park Jong Eun
Published: December 2019

RNA sequencing was used to profile the liver transcriptome of a Korean commercial chicken (Hanhyup) at two different environments (Korea and Kyrgyzstan) to investigate their role during acclimatization into different climatic conditions. Ten samples from each location were analyzed to identify candidate genes that respond to environmental changes such as altitude, humidity, temperature, etc. Sequencing reads were preprocessed, aligned with the reference genome, assembled and expressions were estimated through bioinformatics approaches. At a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05 and fold change (FC) ≥2, we found 315 genes were DE. Out of 315 DE genes, 174 and 141 were up- and down-regulated respectively in the Kyrgyz environment. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with energy metabolism such as pyruvate and lactate metabolic processes, and glycerol catabolic process. Similarly, KEGG pathway analysis indicated pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, biosynthesis, citrate cycles were differentially enriched in the Kyrgyz environment. DEGs like TSKU, VTG1, SGK, CDK2, etc. in such pathways are highly involved in the adaptation of organisms into diverse climatic conditions. Our investigation may serve as a resource for the chicken industry, especially in exporting Hanhyup chicken from Korea to other countries.
RNA-Seq Analysis Identifies Differentially Expressed Genes in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Qaidaford Cattle, Cattle-Yak, and Angus Cattle
Authors: Song Chengchuang , Huang Yongzhen , Yang Zhaoxin , Ma Yulin , Chaogetu Buren , Zhuoma Zhaxi , Chen Hong
Published: December 2019

In the beef industry, fat tissue is closely related to meat quality. In this study, high-throughput RNA sequencing was utilized for adipose tissue transcriptome analysis between cattle-yak, Qaidamford cattle, and Angus cattle. The screening and identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different breeds of cattle would facilitate cattle breeding. Compared to Angus cattle adipose tissue, a total of 4167 DEGs were identified in cattle-yak adipose tissue and 3269 DEGs were identified in Qaidamford cattle adipose tissue. Considering cattle-yak as a control group, 154 DEGs were identified in Qaidamford cattle adipose tissue. GO analysis indicated the significant enrichment of some DEGs related to lipid metabolism. The KEGG pathway database was also used to map DEGs and revealed that most annotated genes were involved in ECM-receptor interaction and the PI3K-Akt signal pathway, which are closely related to cell metabolism. Eight selected DEGs related to adipose tissue development or metabolism were verified by RT-qPCR, indicating the reliability of the RNA-seq data. The results of this comparative transcriptome analysis of adipose tissue and screening DEGs suggest several candidates for further investigations of meat quality in different cattle breeds.
Does Ad Libitum Feeding during the Peri-Partum Improve the Sow Feed Intake and Performances?
Authors: Martí Laura , Latorre María Ángeles , Álvarez-Rodríguez Javier
Published: December 2019

This study hypothesized that the ad libitum feeding of sows during the peri-partum may increase the neonatal survival of the piglets and the post-partum recovery of the sow. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of two peri-partum feeding strategies (ad libitum and stepped from day 110 of gestation to day 5 post-partum) on the feed intake, the reproductive performance of sows, as well as the survival of their piglets. A total of 90 Landrace x Large-White dams sired by Duroc were used. The sows were randomly assigned to feeding treatments by balancing body condition and parity between groups. The feed intake of the sows in the peri-partum was lower in the stepped than in the ad libitum strategy. The increase of the feeding level in the ad libitum sows was not counterbalanced by higher number of weaned piglets or shorter weaned to oestrus interval.
In Vitro Digestibility, In Situ Degradability, Rumen Fermentation and N Metabolism of Camelina Co-Products for Beef Cattle Studied with a Dual Flow Continuous Culture System
Authors: Salas Hèctor , Castillejos Lorena , López-Suárez Montserrat , Ferret Alfred
Published: December 2019

Camelina meal (CM) and camelina expeller (CE) were compared with soybean meal (SM) and rapeseed meal (RM). Trial 1 consisted of a modified Tilley and Terry in vitro technique. Trial 2 was an in situ technique performed by incubating nylon bags within cannulated cows. Trial 3 consisted in dual-flow continuous culture fermenters. In Trial 1, CM, CE and RM showed similar DM digestibility and OM digestibility, and SM was the most digestible ingredient (p < 0.05). Trial 2 showed that CE had the numerically highest DM degradability, but CP degradability was similar to RM. Camelina meal had a DM degradability similar to SM and RM and had an intermediate coefficient of CP degradability. In Trial 3, CE diet tended to present a higher true OM digestibility than SM diet (p = 0.06). Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) was higher in CE and CM diets than in SM diet (p = 0.009). Crude protein degradation tended to be higher (p = 0.07), and dietary nitrogen flow tended to be lower (p = 0.06) in CE diet than in CM diet. The efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was not affected by treatment (p > 0.05). In conclusion, CE and CM as protein sources differ in CP coefficient of degradability but their results were similar to RM. More differences were detected with regard to SM.
High Altitude Adaptability and Meat Quality in Tibetan Pigs: A Reference for Local Pork Processing and Genetic Improvement
Authors: Gan Mailin , Shen Linyuan , Fan Yuan , Guo Zhixian , Liu Bin , Chen Lei , Tang Guoqing , Jiang Yanzhi , Li Xuewei , Zhang Shunhua , Bai Lin , Zhu Li
Published: December 2019

The carcass and meat quality traits of pig breeds living at three different altitudes (Yorkshire pigs, YP: 500m; Qingyu Pigs, QYP: 1500m; Tibetan pigs, TP: 2500m) were compared. It was observed that there are obvious differences in pig breeds with respect to performance parameters. Specifically, YP had the best carcass traits, showing high slaughter rates and leanest meat. Conversely, QYP had the highest back fat thickness and intramuscular fat (IMF) content. For the high-altitude breed TP, the animals exhibited low L* and high a* values. The genotypes contributing to the observed phenotypes were supported by a PCR analysis. The glycolytic genes expression (HK, PFK, PK) were highest in YP, whereas expression of genes related to adipogenesis (C/EBPα, FABP4, SCD1) were highest in QYP. As expected, genes associated with angiogenesis and hypoxia (HIF1a, VEGFA) were expressed at the highest levels in TP. The composition and proportion of amino and fatty acids in pig muscles at the three altitudes examined also varied substantially. Among the breeds, TP had the highest proportion of umami amino acids, whereas QYP had the highest proportion of sweet amino acids. However, TP also exhibited the highest proportion of essential fatty acids and the lowest proportion of n6:n3. This study explains the high-altitude adaptive evolution and the formation of meat quality differences in different altitude pigs from various angles and provides a reference for local pork food processing and genetic improvement of local pigs.
Ceftazidime–Avibactam versus Meropenem for the Treatment of Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections
Authors: Tan Che-Kim , Lai Chih-Cheng , Chao Chien-Ming
Published: December 2019

This study reports an integrated analysis of three randomized controlled trials to compare the clinical efficacies and safety of the ceftazidime–avibactam (CAZ–AVI) combination and meropenem in the treatment of adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). Overall, a total of 1677 patients (CAZ–AVI: 835 patients; meropenem: 842 patients) were included in this analysis. CAZ–AVI had a clinical cure rate at test of cure in the clinically evaluable (CE) population similar to that of meropenem (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.58–1.32; I2 = 0%). Similar trends were also observed in the modified intent-to-treat (MITT) population (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.59–1.09; I2 = 0%) and microbiological evaluable (ME) population (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.32–1.68; I2 = 0%). In terms of clinical cure rate at the end of treatment, the efficacy of CAZ–AVI was comparable to that of meropenem in the CE population (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.47–1.25; I2 = 0%), MITT population (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.47–1.06; I2 = 5%), and ME population (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.39–4.08; I2 = 0%). CAZ–AVI had a similar risk of (i) treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.79–1.36; I2 = 38%), (ii) any serious adverse events (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.67–1.40; I2 = 0%), (iii) discontinuation of study drug due to TEAE (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.00–4.57), and iv) all-cause mortality (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 0.78–3.53; I2 = 0%) when compared with meropenem. In conclusion, CAZ–AVI had comparable efficacy and safety profile to those of meropenem in the treatment of cIAI.
The Drosophila Model: Exploring Novel Therapeutic Compounds against Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Cha Sun Joo , Do Hyeon-Ah , Choi Hyun-Jun , Lee Mihye , Kim Kiyoung
Published: December 2019

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants, fruits, and vegetables. They act as antioxidants against free radicals from UV light, pathogens, parasites, and oxidative stress. In Drosophila models, feeding with various polyphenols results in increased antioxidant capacity and prolonged lifespan. Therefore, dietary polyphenols have several health advantages for preventing many human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the exact role of polyphenols in neurodegenerative diseases is still yet to be completely defined. This review focuses on the most recent studies related to the therapeutic effect of polyphenols in neurodegenerative disease management and provides an overview of novel drug discovery from various polyphenols using the Drosophila model.
Influence of Dietary Astaxanthin on the Hepatic Oxidative Stress Response Caused by Episodic Hyperoxia in Rainbow Trout
Authors: Kalinowski Carmen Tatiana , Larroquet Laurence , Véron Vincent , Robaina Lidia , Izquierdo María Soledad , Panserat Stéphane , Kaushik Sachi , Fontagné-Dicharry Stéphanie
Published: December 2019

A 13-week feeding trial was carried out with juvenile rainbow trout to test two diets: a control diet without astaxanthin (AX) supplementation (CTRL diet), and a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of synthetic AX (ASTA diet). During the last week of the feeding trial, fish were exposed to episodic hyperoxia challenge for 8 consecutive hours per day. Episodic hyperoxia induced physiological stress responses characterized by a significant increase in plasma cortisol and hepatic glycogen and a decrease in plasma glucose levels. The decrease of plasma glucose and the increase of hepatic glycogen content due to episodic hyperoxia were emphasized with the ASTA diet. Hyperoxia led to an increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the muscle, diminished by dietary AX supplementation in both liver and muscle. Muscle and liver AX were increased and decreased respectively after 7-day episodic hyperoxia, leading to an increase in flesh redness. This augment of muscle AX could not be attributed to AX mobilization, since plasma AX was not affected by hyperoxia. Moreover, hyperoxia decreased most of antioxidant enzyme activities in liver, whereas dietary AX supplementation specifically increased glutathione reductase activity. A higher mRNA level of hepatic glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, and glutamate-cysteine ligase in trout fed the ASTA diet suggests the role of AX in glutathione and thioredoxin recycling and in de novo glutathione synthesis. Indeed, dietary AX supplementation improved the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) in liver. In addition, the ASTA diet up-regulated glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA level in the liver, signaling that dietary AX supplementation may also stimulate the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway that produces NADPH, which provides reducing power that counteracts oxidative stress. The present results provide a broader understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary AX is involved in the reduction of oxidative status.
Melatonin Plus Folic Acid Treatment Ameliorates Reserpine-Induced Fibromyalgia: An Evaluation of Pain, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation
Authors: Fusco Roberta , Siracusa Rosalba , D’Amico Ramona , Peritore Alessio Filippo , Cordaro Marika , Gugliandolo Enrico , Crupi Rosalia , Impellizzeri Daniela , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Di Paola Rosanna
Published: December 2019

Background: Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by increased sensory perception of pain, neuropathic/neurodegenerative modifications, oxidative, and nitrosative stress. An appropriate therapy is hard to find, and the currently used treatments are able to target only one of these aspects. Methods: The aim of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of melatonin plus folic acid administration in a rat model of reserpine-induced fibromyalgia. Sprague–Dawley male rats were injected with 1 mg/kg of reserpine for three consecutive days and later administered with melatonin, folic acid, or both for twenty-one days. Results: Administration of reserpine led to a significant decrease in the nociceptive threshold as well as a significant increase in depressive-like symptoms. These behavioral changes were accompanied by increased oxidative and nitrosative stress. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased, as well as nitrotyrosine and PARP expression, while superoxide dismutase, nonprotein thiols, and catalase were significantly decreased. Endogenously produced oxidants species are responsible for mast cell infiltration, increased expression pro-inflammatory mediators, and microglia activation. Conclusion: Melatonin plus acid folic administration is able to ameliorate the behavioral defects, oxidative and nitrosative stress, mast cell infiltration, inflammatory mediators overexpression, and microglia activation induced by reserpine injection with more efficacy than their separate administration.
Research and Development of a Novel TIG Welding Torch for Joining Thin Sheets
Authors: Huu Manh Ngo , Van Anh Nguyen , Van Tuan Nguyen , Xu Bin , Akihisa Murata
Published: December 2019

This paper aims to develop a novel tungsten inner gas (TIG) welding torch in order to join thin sheets efficiently. Using a narrowing nozzle (constricted nozzle) inside a conventional TIG torch can critically improve the position accuracy of the tungsten electrode and also the arc plasma characteristics and heat input density. In order to evaluate the efficiency of this new torch, weld bead appearance and cross-section images were examined by an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electron back scatter diffraction patterns (EBSD). The results showed that in all cases, the weld bead profile was stable without undercut and burn-through. Full penetration weld was seen. The width of weld bead on the bottom surface was increased much in comparison to conventional TIG welding. However, the results from SEM and EBSD images indicated that in the case of low welding current, the blowholes were found out on the side of the thinner material (SS400). The penetration of SUS430 material to SS400 material was not good. It seems that no fusion of SUS430 material to SS400 at the bottom surface can be seen. Meanwhile, no blowholes were seen in the case of high welding current. The penetration was better, and the fusion was reached on the bottom surface.
Analytical Model for Predicting the UCS from P-Wave Velocity, Density, and Porosity on Saturated Limestone
Authors: González Javier , Saldaña Manuel , Arzúa Javier
Published: December 2019

Rock mechanics and rock engineering projects require determining, among other parameters, the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rock. For such a purpose, it is not uncommon to perform ultrasonic pulse laboratory tests. Many researchers have found experimental relationships between strength and P-wave velocity, but these relationships are based mainly on dry conditions and without considering any other physical or chemical characteristics of the studied rock. Specifically, for limestone, there are 11 correlations reported in the literature, eight of which are simple and the remaining three are multiple, and, among the latter, only two of them consider the saturation. In order to evaluate the combined effect of P-wave velocity, density, and porosity on the UCS of saturated limestone, simple and multiple regression analyses were carried out on the test results of 13 saturated limestone specimens to determine the parameters of both previously mentioned predictive models. The results showed that density is not correlated with strength.
Design and Implementation of a Multi-Function Gripper for Grasping General Objects
Authors: Kang Long , Seo Jong-Tae , Kim Sang-Hwa , Kim Wan-Ju , Yi Byung-Ju
Published: December 2019

The development of a reliable pick-and-place system for industrial robotics is facing an urgent demand because many manual-labor works, such as piece-picking in warehouses and fulfillment centers tend toward automation. This paper presents an integrated gripper that combines a linkage-driven underactuated gripper with a suction gripping system for picking up a variety of objects in different working environments. The underactuated gripper consists of two fingers, and each finger has three degrees of freedom that are obtained by stacking one five-bar mechanism over one double parallelogram. Furthermore, each finger is actuated by two motors, both of which can be installed at the base owing to the special architecture of the proposed robotic finger. A suction cup is used to grasp objects in narrow spaces and cluttered environments. The combination of the suction and traditional linkage-driven grippers allows stable and reliable grasping under different working environments. Finally, practical experiments using a wide range of objects and under different grasping scenarios are performed to demonstrate the grasping capability of the integrated gripper.
WiFi-Based Gesture Recognition for Vehicular Infotainment System—An Integrated Approach
Authors: Akhtar Zain Ul Abiden , Wang Hongyu
Published: December 2019

In the realm of intelligent vehicles, gestures can be characterized for promoting automotive interfaces to control in-vehicle functions without diverting the driver’s visual attention from the road. Driver gesture recognition has gained more attention in advanced vehicular technology because of its substantial safety benefits. This research work demonstrates a novel WiFi-based device-free approach for driver gestures recognition for automotive interface to control secondary systems in a vehicle. Our proposed wireless model can recognize human gestures very accurately for the application of in-vehicle infotainment systems, leveraging Channel State Information (CSI). This computationally efficient framework is based on the properties of K Nearest Neighbors (KNN), induced in sparse representation coefficients for significant improvement in gestures classification. In this typical approach, we explore the mean of nearest neighbors to address the problem of computational complexity of Sparse Representation based Classification (SRC). The presented scheme leads to designing an efficient integrated classification model with reduced execution time. Both KNN and SRC algorithms are complimentary candidates for integration in the sense that KNN is simple yet optimized, whereas SRC is computationally complex but efficient. More specifically, we are exploiting the mean-based nearest neighbor rule to further improve the efficiency of SRC. The ultimate goal of this framework is to propose a better feature extraction and classification model as compared to the traditional algorithms that have already been used for WiFi-based device-free gesture recognition. Our proposed method improves the gesture recognition significantly for diverse scale of applications with an average accuracy of 91.4%.
Indigenous Rock Art Tourism in Australia: Contexts, Trajectories, and Multifaceted Realities
Authors: Cole Noelene A. , Wallis Lynley A.
Published: December 2019

This paper focuses on Australian Indigenous rock art tourism, a field that has received limited research attention. Our aim is to identify aspects which are invisible in tourism promotions. We note trends in rock art tourism and related research, survey the Australian situation, and employ a case study approach to outline the development of Indigenous rock art tourism in Kakadu National Park (KNP) and parts of the Quinkan (Laura Cooktown) region. In both regions, Aboriginal communities inherited legacies of top down decision-making and bureaucratic methods. Although the Laura people transitioned to a community-based system and a successful ranger program, they face challenges in achieving their aspirations for sustainable rock art tourism. KNP communities, subsumed into an unwieldy joint management arrangement for the World Heritage listed National Park, are faced with competing values and perspectives of the dominant government system. A centerpiece of the Balnggarrawarra tourism initiative is the ranger/tour guide system of the type which operated for some years at Laura and was introduced briefly at KNP. The model incorporates key elements of sustainable Indigenous tourism–traditional owner control and jobs, land care, conservation, cultural preservation, partnerships, and public education. Notwithstanding contemporary challenges and realities, a unifying theme is caring for rock art.
Nanoparticle Behaviour in an Urban Street Canyon at Different Heights and Implications on Indoor Respiratory Doses
Authors: Manigrasso Maurizio , Protano Carmela , Vitali Matteo , Avino Pasquale
Published: December 2019

The amount of outdoor particles that indoor environments receive depends on the particle infiltration factors (Fin), peculiar of each environment, and on the outdoor aerosol concentrations and size distributions. The respiratory doses received, while residing indoor, will change accordingly. This study aims to ascertain to what extent such doses are affected by the vertical distance from the traffic sources. Particle number size distributions have been simultaneously measured at street level and at about 20 m height in a street canyon in downtown Rome. The same Fin have been adopted to estimate indoor aerosol concentrations, due to the infiltration of outdoor particles and then the relevant daily respiratory doses. Aerosol concentrations at ground floor were more than double than at 20 m height and richer in ultrafine particles. Thus, although aerosol infiltration efficiency was on average higher at 20 m height than at ground floor, particles more abundantly infiltrated at ground level. On a daily basis, this involved a 2.5-fold higher dose at ground level than at 20 m height. At both levels, such doses were greater than those estimated over the period of activity of some indoor aerosol sources; therefore, they represent an important contribution to the total daily dose.