bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student Expenses in Residency Interviewing
Authors: Walling Anne , Nilsen Kari , Callaway Paul , Grothusen Jill , Gillenwater Cole , King Samantha , Unruh Gregory
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The student costs of residency interviewing areof increasing concern but limited current information is available.Updated, more detailed information would assist studentsand residency programs in decisions about residency selection.The study objective was to measure the expenses and time spentin residency interviewing by the 2016 graduating class of the Universityof Kansas School of Medicine and assess the impact ofgender, regional campus location, and primary care application.

Methods. All 195 students who participated in the 2016 NationalResidency Matching Program (NRMP) received a 33 item questionnaireaddressing interviewing activity, expenses incurred, timeinvested and related factors. Main measures were self-reported estimatesof expenses and time spent interviewing. Descriptive analyseswere applied to participant characteristics and responses. Multivariateanalysis of variance (MANOVA) and chi-square tests comparedstudents by gender, campus (main/regional), and primary care/other specialties. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) on the dependentvariables provided follow-up tests on significant MANOVA results.

Results. A total of 163 students (84%) completed the survey. Theaverage student reported 38 (1 - 124) applications, 16 (1 - 54) invitations,11 (1 - 28) completed interviews, and spent $3,500($20 - $12,000) and 26 (1 - 90) days interviewing. No significantdifferences were found by gender. After MANOVA and ANOVAanalyses, non-primary care applicants reported significantlymore applications, interviews, and expenditures, butless program financial support. Regional campus students reportedsignificantly fewer invitations, interviews, and daysinterviewing, but equivalent costs when controlled for primarycare application. Cost was a limiting factor in acceptinginterviews for 63% and time for 53% of study respondents.

Conclusions. Students reported investing significant time andmoney in interviewing. After controlling for other variables, primarycare was associated with significantly lowered expenses.Regional campus location was associated with fewer interviewsand less time interviewing. Gender had no significantimpact on any aspect studied. KS J Med 2017;10(3):50-54.
Patient Perception of Medical Learners and Medical Education during Clinical Consultation at a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Goerl Kyle , Ofei-Dodoo Samuel
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Experience in treating patients under supervisionof faculty is an important factor in medical education at all levels.However, unpleasant patient experiences with a medical learnerduring clinical consultation can damage the relationship betweenthe medical learner, physician supervisor, and patient. A goal of thisstudy was to examine patient experiences and preferences regardingmedical learners during clinical consultation at a family medicineresidency clinic. Another goal was to determine factors relating topatients’ experiences and preferences regarding medical learners.

Methods. This cross-sectional study relied on patients completinga survey designed from extant questionnaires to measure patients’experiences and preferences relating to interactions with medicallearners at a family medicine clinic. Data were collected from 216patients between December 2016 and August 2017. We correlatedpatients’ feelings, overall experiences with medical learners and theimportance of medical education.

Results. There was a 93% participation rate. The patients rated theiroverall experiences with medical learners as 3.8 on a 5-point scale,suggesting positive experiences. Eighty-eight percent prefer not morethan three medical learners to be involved in their care during clinicalconsultation. Patients’ overall experiences with medical learnersparticipating in medical care correlated with their preferences regardingmedical learners’ involvement in their treatment (r[209] = .524;p = 0.01). Patients’ perception of medical learners participating inmedical care correlated with the importance of medical education(r[209] = .878; p = 0.01).

Conclusions. The results showed that most patients have positiveexperiences with medical learners and are generally in favor ofmedical education.Kans J Med 2018;11(4):102-105.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Respiratory Disease
Authors: Siddiqi Furqan Shoaib , Chaaban Said , Petersen Erin , Kallail K James , Hope Mary , Nichols Daniel
Published: June 2019

Background. Limited evidence suggests that pulmonary rehabilitation be included in the management of restrictive lung diseases. The purpose of this study was to document pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes in patients with respiratory diseases other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. Clinical outcomes of 31patients with respiratory diseases other than COPD and 190 patients with COPD, seen over a 35-month period, were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were evaluated for a 6-minute walk, arm curl strength, chair stand strength, the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score, SGRQ symptom scores, SGRQ activity levels, and SGRQ impact of respiratory illness on the patient’s life. Outcome measures were obtained before the start of pulmonary rehabilitation and after a minimum of nine therapy visits. Results. Pre- and post-rehabilitation changes in the 6-minute walk, arm curl strength, chair stand strength, the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score, SGRQ symptom scores, SGRQ activity levels, and SGRQ impact scores improved significantly for both groups. However, non-COPD patients achieved significantly higher mean SGRQ impact scores and arm curl strength than patients with COPD. Conclusions. Pulmonary rehabilitation should be recommended for all patients with respiratory disease, not only those with COPD.
Assessing Legislative Interest for a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax in a Midwestern State
Authors: Murray Stephanie , Loo-Gross Colleen , Pham Mary , Armbruster Sonja , Konda Kelly , Ablah Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: This study sought to ascertain the opinions of members of the Kansas Legislature regarding pending sugar-sweetened beverage taxation legislation, including perceptions that such a tax would generate revenue or be associated with personal sugar-sweetened beverage consumption habits. METHODS: This study utilized a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted by administering an electronic or telephone survey of the 2010-2011 Kansas Legislature. Publicly-listed contact information for the 165 members in both chambers of the 2010-2011 Kansas Legislature was obtained. State legislators were invited via e-mail, telephone, or both to complete the survey. The main outcome measure was the degree of agreement or disagreement with the idea of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation. RESULTS: Seventy-eight legislators (47.3%) responded. Of these, 90.5% disagreed or strongly disagreed with taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages, and 86.5% disagreed or strongly disagreed with taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages if generated funds were set aside to subsidize healthy choices. Party affiliation, geographic area represented, and personal consumption of sugar-sweetened behaviors were not associated significantly with legislators’ opinions of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of respondents in the Kansas Legislature reported opposing a sugar-sweetened beverage tax. While some respondents identified obesity as a problem, taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages was not a favorable option among Kansas legislators.
Speech-Language and Cognitive Findings in Patients with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Kallail K James , Scherz Julie , Downs David W , Sweet Donna , Zackula Rosalee E
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Few adult patients with HIV/AIDS are screened regularly for speech-language and cognitive disorders even though they may manifest communication difficulties. No comprehensive studies assessing the broad range of speech-language and cognitive disorders of adults with HIV/AIDS appear in the literature. As such, clinicians may be unfamiliar with the types of communication disorders that may be manifested. This study assessed the prevalence of speech-language and cognitive disorders in adults with HIV/AIDS using a broad inventory of speech, language, and cognitive skills. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to investigate communication disorders in a convenience sample of patients living with HIV/AIDS. Adult patients from a general internal medicine clinic in Wichita, Kansas were recruited as they presented for medical appointments. Each participant received a speech-language and cognitive test battery consisting of 10 assessments. RESULTS: The primary outcomes were: (1) presence of any speech-language or cognitive disorder, and (2) degree of communication disorder, as measured by the number of positive results. Eighty-two adults with HIV/AIDS were evaluated for communication disorders. Prevalence was 95%; 78 out of 82 participants manifested abnormal findings on at least one assessment in the test battery. Test results revealed a variety of cognitive and language issues, mostly related to integrating information on the picture description task (45%), timed word generation (44%), and memory-related story retelling (35%). Two participants revealed abnormal results on all ten assessments. CONCLUSION: Speech-language and cognition deficits are common in adult patients with HIV/AIDS. Every patient with HIV/AIDS should be assessed to determine the impact of these communication deficits on their daily living skills.
Reliability of Hallux Rigidus Radiographic Grading System
Authors: Pate Ryan C. , Fanning John W. , Shields Naomi N. , Chong Alexander C.M.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter- and intra-observer reliability of a clinical radiographic scale for hallux rigidus. Methods. A total of 80 patients were retrospectively selected from the patient population of two foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons. Each corresponding series of radiographic images (weight-bearing anteroposterior, weight-bearing lateral, and oblique of the foot) was randomized and evaluated. Re-randomization was performed and the corresponding radiograph images re-numbered. Four orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons graded each patient, and each rater reclassified the re-randomized radiographic images three weeks later. Results. Sixty-one out of 80 patients (76%) were included in this study. For intra-observer reliability, most of the raters showed “excellent” agreement except one rater had a “substantial” agreement. For inter-observer reliability, only 14 out of 61 cases (23%) showed total agreement between the eight readings from the four surgeons, and 11 out of the 14 cases (79%) were grade 3 hallux rigidus. One of the raters had a tendency to grade at a higher grade resulting in poorer agreement. If this rater was excluded, the results demonstrated a “substantial” agreement by using this classification. Conclusion. The hallux rigidus radiographic grading system should be used with caution. Although there is an “excellent” level of intra-observer agreement, there is only “moderate” to “substantial” level of inter-observer reliability.
Aplicación de las herramientas de comunicación a un evento turístico: el caso Xacobeo
Authors: Rodríguez Fernández Magdalena
Published: June 2019

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en analizar la importancia que para un destino turístico como Galicia ha supuesto la creación de un evento como es el Xacobeo. Para ello se estudian las distintas herramientas de comunicación  empleadas en la promoción de los tres eventos celebrados hasta hoy: Xacobeo 93, Xacobeo 99 y Xacobeo 04, con la finalidad de determinar la repercusión de las mismas en todo el proceso de la comunicación como variable del marketing operativo, y destacar la importancia y eficacia de cara a su posterior aplicación en la celebración de nuevos eventos como en el caso del actual Xacobeo 2010.
Amelioration of drought stress in black matpe bean (Vigna mungo L.) by foliar application of potassiu
Authors: Kumar Rajnish , Shahi Swati , Srivastava Malvika
Published: June 2019

Growth, physiological and biochemical activities of black matpe bean grown in pot cultures were evaluated to recognize the ameliorative role of potassium against the deleterious effects of water deficit. Black matpe plants were subjected to four levels of water stress (400 ml, 200 ml, 100 ml and 50 ml). The control plants were supplied with 500 ml of water at regular intervals. Potassium was applied in form of 200 ppm KCl and KNO3. Plants were under observation starting from 25 upto 55 days of plant growth at 10-day interval for each treatment. Water deficit stress reduced biomass, leaf area and RWC and provoked oxidative stress in plants as confirmed by considerable increase in electrolyte leakage, proline and reducing sugar content. Foliar application of KCl and KNO3 improved all these attributes under water stress. The ameliorative effect might be maintained through decrease in proline and increase in reducing sugar content. Increased reducing sugar content in K treated plants may have a significant role in osmotic adjustment.
Presentación. Las mujeres querían ser doctoras, abogadas, y mucho más = The Women Wanted to be Doctors, Lawyers, and Much More
Authors: Cuesta Bustillo Josefina
Published: June 2019

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Santiago Santiño, Pascual de Gayangos. Erudición y cosmopolitismo en la España del XIX
Authors: Acerete de la Corte Eduardo
Published: June 2019

Este artículo reseña: Santiago Santiño, Pascual de Ga­yangos. Erudición y cosmopolitismo en la España del XIX, Pamplona: Urgoiti Editores, 2018, 608 pp.
Demetrio Ducas y la edición de los Erotemata Chrysolorae (1514), entre Venecia y Alcalá de Henares = Demetrius Ducas and the Erotemata Chrysolorae edition (1514), between Venice and Alcalá de Henares
Authors: Curnis Michele
Published: June 2019

Resumen: En el primer libro enteramente en griego publicado por Demetrio Ducas cuando era profesor en la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (Erotemata Chrysolorae, 1514), hay una sección gnomológica que coincide con la versión planudeana de las Menandri Sententiae. En este artículo se procede a la colación del texto de la sección gnomológica con el del modelo Aldino (1512), planteando en ambos casos la responsabilidad editorial del propio Ducas. En la segunda parte del artículo se examina la fortuna del primer manual de gramática griega impreso en España a través de las notas de propiedad y apuntes de algunos ejemplares conservados en la Biblioteca Nacional de España.Palabras clave: Demetrio Ducas, Erotemata Chrysolorae, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, Cardenal Cisneros, Aldo Manuzio, Menandri sententiae, literatura gnomológica.Abstract: In the first Greek book published by Demetrios Ducas when he was professor at the University of Alcalá de Henares (Erotemata Chrysolorae, 1514), there is a gnomological section that coincides with the Planudean version of the Menandri Sententiae. In this article we proceed to the collation of the gnomological section with the text of the editio Aldina (1512), proposing in both cases the editorial responsibility of Ducas. In the second part of the article the fortune of the first Greek grammar manual printed in Spain is examined, thanks to the ownership notes of some copies from the Biblioteca Nacional in Madrid.Keywords: Demetrios Ducas, Erotemata Chrysolorae, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, Cardinal Ximenes, Aldus Manutius, Menandri sententiae, gnomological literatura.
Preservação da história da educação na região Oeste do Paraná
Authors: Andrade Rodrigo Pinto de , Toledo Cézar de Alencar Arnaut de , Andrade Francielle Aparecida Garuti de
Published: June 2019

Este texto analisa a importância dos arquivos regionais, nomeadamente os escolares, para a preservação da história da educação na região oeste do Paraná. Os acervos escolares constituem-se em espaços privilegiados que servem para albergar documentos que contribuem para a preservação da memória histórica, são, portanto, importantes repositórios de fontes manuscritas, escritas e iconográficas que contribuem decisivamente para o avanço da pesquisa sobre a trajetória histórica das instituições escolares regionais e auxiliam na reconstituição e preservação da História da Educação brasileira. Nas últimas décadas, ampliou-se a discussão sobre a conservação das fontes para o conhecimento do patrimônio cultural e histórico, todavia, os pesquisadores ainda encontram dificuldades, especialmente relacionadas ao acesso e à conservação dos documentos. No caso do oeste paranaense, embora se trate de uma região de colonização recente - década de 1940 -, quando comparada ao restante do estado do Paraná, são poucos os arquivos que acondicionam documentos e fontes históricas para preservação da memória coletiva. Nesse contexto, os acervos das instituições educativas exercem importante papel no processo de catalogação e acondicionamento de fontes documentais para pesquisa sobre a História da Educação regional. Neste texto, listamos os principais arquivos públicos e privados que podem auxiliar o trabalho dos investigadores que optarem pela realização de pesquisas que incidem sobre o campo temático da história das instituições educacionais e da História da Educação regional.
O curso de pedagogia no Brasil sob o escopo do programa de Educação para Todos
Authors: Freitas Maria Cleidiane Cavalcante , Mendes Segundo Maria das Dores , Gonçalves Ruth Maria de Paula , Santos José Deribaldo Gomes dos
Published: June 2019

Na atual conjuntura de crise estrutural do capital, são impostas aos países pobres políticas de ajustes socioeconômicos ao atendimento das exigências de sustentabilidade do chamado “mundo globalizado”. Nesse sentido, os organismos internacionais, sobretudo a partir de 1990, passaram a eleger a educação como principal estratégia, estabelecendo paradigmas e diretrizes através de um amplo programa de Educação para Todos (EPT), que atrela o cumprimento de metas educacionais à superação das desigualdades sociais. Assim sendo, busca-se, na presente exposição, desvelar as indicações desse programa de EPT para a profissão docente e suas implicações para o curso de pedagogia no Brasil. Pautado na perspectiva da ontologia marxiano-lukacsiana, o estudo em tela, de natureza bibliográfica e documental, parte do exame de declarações e relatórios de EPT, bem como das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o curso de pedagogia, aprovadas em 2006. Asseveramos que as reformas educacionais e, consequentemente, a formação do professor da educação básica, mormente as de cunho curricular dos cursos de pedagogia, estão condicionadas às metas de EPT, idealizadas pelo Banco Mundial via seus organismos internacionais, que atribuem importante papel à docência, tendo em vista a universalização e qualidade da educação básica nos países pobres, a exemplo do Brasil.
A disciplina história da educação nas reformas curriculares da escola normal do Pará
Authors: Corrêa Paulo Sérgio de Almeida
Published: June 2019

Objetivou-se entender o processo de instituição da História da Educação enquanto disciplina integrante do currículo destinado a promover a formação do professor normalista no Estado do Pará; descrever e analisar a trajetória da História da Educação a partir das diversas reformas curriculares que afetaram o a formação do Professor Primário na Escola Normal/Instituto de Educação, no contexto paraense. Como se instituiu a disciplina História da Educação no currículo de formação do Professor Normalista no Pará? Quais os percursos dessa disciplina em decorrência das reformas curriculares que afetaram essa instituição educativa? Realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, no período histórico de 1891-2017. Embora tenha sido instituída com estatuto próprio, sob a forma de disciplina autônoma, em diversas oportunidades a História da Educação foi excluída do currículo. Todavia, sua autonomia também sofreu empecilhos em diversas reformas curriculares, especialmente quando ocorreu a junção com a Filosofia da Educação.
O percurso da professora Maria da Glória Ribeiro Moss no Colégio Pedro II
Authors: Oliveira Paloma Rezende de , Costa Nailda Marinho
Published: June 2019

Com base nos estudos sobre a presença feminina no Colégio Pedro II, este artigo busca dar enfoque ao percurso profissional de Maria da Glória Ribeiro Moss, a primeira professora de Química que atuou a partir de 1926 no externato desta instituição. A partir de sua história individual, buscou-se compreender as estratégias por ela utilizadas para ingressar na instituição, bem como as mudanças ocorridas na sociedade e no interior do estabelecimento de ensino que viabilizaram a inserção das mulheres no corpo docente do Colégio Pedro II, bem como no ensino secundário, até então ocupado predominantemente por homens. Na perspectiva assinalada por Ginzburg (2006), as fontes foram interrogadas no sentido de sinalizar não apenas a história individual, mas também a história coletiva e da sociedade em que essa professora esteve inserida. A dinâmica gerada por esta atividade constituiu sua subjetividade e sua reflexividade. Como se trata de uma história que inclui homens e mulheres, utilizaremos o gênero como categoria de análise de caráter relacional, buscando não dicotomizar as relações existentes, mas sim situá-las culturalmente. Nesse sentido, a análise dos concursos para a Cátedra de Química, realizados em 1934 e 1939, que teve entre seus candidatos a professora Maria da Glória, a única mulher a concorrer, nos deu indícios das relações de poder estabelecidas tanto no interior do Colégio Pedro II quanto na sociedade da época.
Novas estratégias de gestão corporativa no ensino superior privado com fins lucrativos no Brasil
Authors: Costa Fábio Luciano Oliveira
Published: June 2019

Este texto tem como objetivo principal discutir algumas das novas estratégias de gestão corporativa na Estácio Participações S.A., no período de 2007 a 2014. O estudo de caso se insere num processo mais amplo de financeirização do capital, em nível mundial, nos últimos 50 anos. Para viabilizar o trabalho, realizou-se uma análise qualitativa, com a seleção de livros, teses acadêmicas, artigos científicos publicados em periódico diversos, a legislação pertinente à discussão, e os documentos da empresa. A análise crítica conduziu a construção textual. Assim, pelos dados, foi possível perceber seu importante crescimento operacional e financeiro. Por meio de parcerias importantes, tais quais aquelas realizadas com os Fundos de Investimentos Privados Estrangeiros, o Fundo Público, seu público consumidor, entre outros, o sucesso na gestão corporativa da companhia permitiu a quase constante valorização acionária na bolsa de valores em curto espaço de tempo.
An Agent-Based Model Simulation of Human Mobility Based on Mobile Phone Data: How Commuting Relates to Congestion
Authors: Wu Hao , Liu Lingbo , Yu Yang , Peng Zhenghong , Jiao Hongzan , Niu Qiang
Published: June 2019

Abstract：Commuting of residents in big city often brings tidal traffic pressure or congestions. Understanding the causes behind this phenomenon is of great significance for urban space optimization. Various spatial big data make possible the fine description of urban residents travel behaviors, and bring new approaches to related studies. The present study focuses on two aspects: one is to obtain relatively accurate features of commuting behaviors by using mobile phone data, and the other is to simulate commuting behaviors of residents through the agent-based model and inducing backward the causes of congestion. Taking the Baishazhou area of Wuhan, a local area of a mega city in China, as a case study, travel behaviors of commuters are simulated: the spatial context of the model is set up using the existing urban road network and by dividing the area into travel units; then using the mobile phone call detail records (CDR) of a month, statistics of residents' travel during the four time slots in working day mornings are acquired and then used to generated the OD matrix of travels at different time slots; and then the data are imported into the model for simulation. By the preset rules of congestion, the agent-based model can effectively simulate the traffic conditions of each traffic intersection, and can also induce backward the causes of traffic congestion using the simulation results and the OD matrix. Finally, the model is used for the evaluation of road network optimization, which shows evident effects of the optimizing measures adopted in relieving congestion, and thus also proves the value of this method in urban studies.
SerThr-PhosphoProteome of Brain from Aged PINK1-KO+A53T-SNCA Mice Reveals pT1928-MAP1B and pS3781-ANK2 Deficits, as Hub between Autophagy and Synapse Changes
Authors: Auburger Georg , Gispert Suzana , Torres-Odio Sylvia , Jendrach Marina , Brehm Nadine , Canet-Pons Júlia , Key Jana , Sen Nesli-Ece
Published: June 2019

Hereditary Parkinson’s disease (PD) can be triggered by an autosomal dominant overdose of alpha-Synuclein (SNCA) as stressor or the autosomal recessive deficiency of PINK1 Serine/Threonine-phosphorylation activity as stress-response. We demonstrated the combination of PINK1-knockout with overexpression of SNCAA53T in double mutant (DM) mice to exacerbate locomotor deficits and to reduce lifespan. To survey posttranslational modifications of proteins underlying the pathology, brain hemispheres of old DM mice underwent quantitative label-free global proteomic mass spectrometry, focused on Ser/Thr-phosphorylations. As exceptionally strong effect, we detected >300-fold reductions of phosphoThr1928 in MAP1B, a microtubule-associated protein, and a similar reduction of phosphoSer3781 in ANK2, an interactor of microtubules. MAP1B depletion is known to trigger perturbations of microtubular mitochondria trafficking, neurite extension and synaptic function, so it was noteworthy that relevantly decreased phosphorylation was detected also for other microtubule and microfilament factors, namely MAP2S1801, MARK1S394, MAP1AT1794, KIF1AS1537, 4.1NS541, 4.1GS86 and ADD2S528. While the MAP1B heavy chain supports regeneration and growth cones, its light-chain assists DAPK1-mediated autophagy. Interestingly, relevant phosphorylation decreases of DAPK2S299, VPS13DS2429 and VPS13CS2480 in the DM brain affected regulators of autophagy, which are implicated in PD. Overall, significant downregulations were enriched for PFAM C2 domains, other kinases, and synaptic transmission factors upon automated bioinformatics, while upregulations were not enriched for selective motifs or pathways. Validation experiments confirmed the change of LC3 processing as reflection of excessive autophagy in DM brain, and dependence of ANK2/MAP1B expression on PINK1 levels. Our new data provide independent confirmation in a mouse model with combined PARK1/PARK4/PARK6 pathology that MAP1B/ANK2 phosphorylation events are implicated in Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. These findings expand on previous observations in D. melanogaster that the MAP1B ortholog futsch in the presynapse is a primary target of the PARK8 protein LRRK2, and on a report that MAP1B is a component of the pathological Lewy body aggregates in PD patient brains. Similarly, ANK2 gene locus variants are associated with the risk of PD, ANK2 interacts with PINK1/Parkin-target proteins such as MIRO1 or ATP1A2, and ANK2-derived peptides are potent inhibitors of autophagy.
El turismo en el medio rural en España desde el enfoque de la transferencia de políticas públicas
Authors: Yubero Claudia , García Hernández María
Published: June 2019

Cuando se cumplen casi tres décadas desde el arranque del turismo rural en España, se percibe un déficit de atención a la circulación de los instrumentos y modelos que han marcado su desarrollo. Sin embargo, los procesos de recomposición del medio rural europeo están profundamente afectados por flujos globales de políticas públicas en las que el turismo ocupa un lugar predominante. Por ello esta investigación propone una lectura del desarrollo del turismo en el medio rural a través del marco de la transferencia de los programas LEADER y Planes en Destino, instrumentos de la Política Europea de Desarrollo Rural y de la Política Turística nacional, respectivamente. Adoptando el marco analítico propuesto por Dolowitz y Marsh (2000) se hace recapitulación de la literatura que estudia la implantación de ambas políticas con el objetivo de sistematizar y caracterizar su transferencia. En particular, se aporta el estudio de su contenido desde una perspectiva evolutiva atendiendo a los modelos de turismo que se ponen en circulación.
Compared with conventional procedures performed via the occipital horn, an intraoperative navigation system for ventriculoperitoneal shunting improves outcomes in patients with hydrocephalus
Authors: Peng Aijun , Zhao Hai , Wu Yongkang , Zhao Yi , Zhou Liangxue
Published: June 2019

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) is a common neurosurgical procedure for treating hydrocephalus. Catheter obstruction is one of the most common factors that influences patient prognosis. We evaluated the accuracy of proximal catheter placement and explored the probable relationship between ventricular catheter obstruction and both symptom grade and postoperative Evans index between an intraoperative navigation system for VPS and conventional surgery via the occipital horn.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 33 patients with VPS (he navigation surgery group) and 26 patients with VPS (the conventional surgery group) seen between January 2012 and August 2018. The clinical data, follow-up times, catheterization accuracy, postoperative outcomes, cumulative survival times and correlations between catheter placement and obstruction, symptom grade and the postoperative Evans index.
Results: Thirty-one patients experienced optimal ventricular catheter placement (grade 1), 2 experienced suboptimal placement (grade 2), and none experienced poor ventricular catheter placement (grade 3) in the navigation surgery group, whereas 6, 14, and 6 patients, respectively, had these results in the conventional surgery group. There was greater improvement in postoperative symptoms (P=0.017), including less catheter readjustment (P<0.001), in the navigation surgery group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative catheter obstruction-free survival time was longer in the navigation surgery group than in the conventional surgery group (P=0.028). Catheter placement was significantly correlated with catheter obstruction (P<0.001). In addition, catheter obstruction was significantly correlated with the symptom grade (P=0.001) and postoperative Evans index (P<0.001).
Conclusions: An intraoperative navigation system for VPS improved patient outcomes and the accuracy of ventricular catheter placement. Catheter obstruction-free survival times were longer in the navigation surgery group, and catheter placement was significantly correlated with catheter obstruction.
Correlation of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody levels and long-term outcomes of juvenile myasthenia gravis in Taiwan: a case control study
Authors: chou cheng che , Su I Chen , Chou I Jun , LIN Jainn Jim , Lan Shih Yun , Wang Yi Shan , Kong Shu Sing , Chen Yun Ju , Hsieh Meng Ying , Hung Po Cheng , Wang Huei Shyong , Chou Min Liang , Lin Kuang Lin
Published: June 2019

Background

Myasthenia gravis is the most common disease affecting the neuromuscular junction. The most common etiology among patients with juvenile myasthenia gravis is the production of antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor. However, the clinical outcome in relation to serum levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in juvenile myasthenia gravis has rarely been discussed. We aimed to analyze the correlation between the presence of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies and outcome in juvenile myasthenia gravis.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with juvenile myasthenia gravis younger than of 20 years of age were retrospectively recruited from January 1995 to February 2017 in a tertiary referral medical center. According to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America outcome scale, the primary outcome was complete symptom remission and cessation of medications for at least 1 year measured 2 years after diagnosis. Secondary outcome was complete symptom remission at the last outpatient clinic.

Results

A total of 54 patients were followed up for over 2 years. Nine patients (9/54, 16.7%) achieved complete remission without medication use at two years after diagnosis. Thirteen (24.1%) patients achieved complete remission during longer follow-up periods. Those with negative anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies were more likely to achieve complete remission at 2 years (6/15 [40%] vs. 3/39 [7.7%], 95% Confidence interval [CI] 1.670 to 38.323) and at the last outpatient clinic follow-up (8/15 [53.3%] vs. 5/39 [12.8%], 95% CI 2.367 to 20.704). Thirteen patients with comorbid autoimmune thyroid diseases were older than those without disease (11.8 ± 5.8 years old vs. 8.0 ± 6.3 years old, 95% CI 0.018 to 7.33). Moreover, patients negative for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies were less likely comorbid with autoimmune thyroid disease (1/35 [2.9%] vs. 12/71 [16.9%], 95% CI 0.018 to 1.161).

Conclusions

Juvenile myasthenia gravis patients without anti-acetylcholine antibodies exhibited significantly increased complete remission rates and a reduced likelihood of comorbid autoimmune thyroid diseases compared with those with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies among Chinese.
Communication as an instrument for enhancing trust in a central bank: the case of Ukraine
Authors: Shapoval Yuliia , Anufriieva Kateryna , Brus Svitlana , Bublyk Yevhen
Published: June 2019

The relevance of trust in the central bank is determined by the rapid growth of the gap between the expectations of a regulator and market participants regardless of the reforms carried out by the NBU. Therefore, the need to use the “non-traditional” monetary policy instruments has enhanced the role of verbal interventions in the context of inflation targeting. The aim of the article is to ground that trust causes adequate rational behavior of the market participants in response to the central bank’s communication policy. The type of this research is an explanatory research method. As determined, trust is the necessary condition for the effectiveness of the central bank’s communication strategy and it favors the achievement of proclaimed objectives. It is established that although since 2014 the NBU activated verbal interventions as an additional instrument to anchor expectations, the increase of transparency does not prompt the trust because of the lack of confidence of citizens in the NBU and high level of stress in the domestic financial sector. It is emphasized that the pursuit of inflation targeting requires expanded communication to gather the expectations of economic agents. The NBU, in its communication policy concerning the economic climate, underlines devaluation expectations, the exchange rate and explanations on the discount rate. However, the deviation of expected enterprises’ exchange rate from the actual exchange rate, growing velocity of money circulation against the declining share of funds involved in the banking system, low monetization level and low penetration of financial services evidence the distrust in monetary policy.
Implications of the Melamchi water supply project for the Kathmandu Valley groundwater system
Authors: Thapa Bhesh Raj , Ishidaira Hiroshi , Gusyev Maksym , Pandey Vishnu Prasad , Udmale Parmeshwar , Hayashi Masaki , Shakya Narendra Man
Published: June 2019

To meet the demand deficit in Kathmandu Valley, the Government of Nepal has planned to supply an additional 510 million liters per day (mld) of water by implementing the Melamchi Water Supply Project (MWSP) in the near future. In this study, we aim to assess the spatial distribution of groundwater availability and pumping under five scenarios for before and after the implementation of the MWSP using a numerical groundwater flow model. The data on water demand, supply infrastructure, changes in hydraulic head, groundwater pumping rates, and aquifer characteristics were analyzed. Results showed that groundwater pumping from individual wells ranges from 0.0018 to 2.8 mld and the average hydraulic head declined from 2.57 m below ground level (bgl) (0.23 m/year) to 21.58 m bgl (1.96 m/year). Model simulations showed that changes in average hydraulic head ranged from +2.83 m to +5.48 m at various stages of the MWSP implementation, and −2.97 m for increased pumping rates with no implementation of the MWSP. Regulation in pumping such as monetary instruments (groundwater pricing) on the use of groundwater along with appropriate metering and monitoring of pumping amounts depending on the availability of new and existing public water supply could be interventions in the near future.
Experiment and simulation of layered bioretention system for hydrological performance
Authors: Jiang Chunbo , Li Jiake , Li Huaien , Li Yajiao
Published: June 2019

Bioretention can reduce surface runoff, slow down peak flow, and delay peak time by increasing the infiltration capacity of the underlying surface. The media structure directly affects the performance of bioretention systems. Four pilot tanks with different media configuration were built, and hydraulics and water volume reduction were studied though intermittent, simulated storm events. The results showed that water volume and peak flow reduction rate were the most stable and efficient for #1 (fly ash mixing sand, 1:1 by volume) than other systems, which were 58.6–67.9% and 72.0–86.4%, respectively. Partial least squares regression (PLS) was used to build a model for the relation between water volume reduction rate and its influencing factors (R2 = 0.76), and the factors that influence bioretention water volume reduction were ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: infiltration rate (IR) > submerged area height (SAH) > inflow volume (IV) > antecedent dry time (ADT). In addition, volume reduction rate exhibited a positive correlation with ADT and SAH, and a negative correlation with IR and IV. Three water transfer simulations with different infiltration rates were conducted using HYDRUS-1D under designed inflow conditions, and the minimum relative error is obtained for #1.
Application of RULA analysis on work posture improvement to reduce workers’ fatigue and musculoskeletal complaints and to accelerate processing time of wok molding
Authors: Budiyanto Tri , Adiputra Nyoman , Sutjana I Dewa Putu , Tirtayasa Ketut
Published: June 2019

The aim of the research was to analyze the work posture of the workers using the RULA method. The research was conducted experimentally by applying the treatment by subject design using 12 samples which were given two treatments; wok molding workers with the former molding facility (P0), and wok molding workers with the new molding facility with the ergonomic intervention (PI). Conclusion of this research is the RULA analysis result on the work posture of placing the end work on the temporary place (P0) gave a score of 7. This score shows a high-risk level and needs work posture improvement immediately. The work on PI showed the RULA score of 3, which means that there is a decrease from a high risk at a low-risk level. The average time needed to mold a wok on P0 was 1.46 minutes/unit, and on PI was 1.23 minutes/unit or down 18.7%. Therefore it recommended for wok molding worker to use ergonomic work posture (PI).
Soil Properties as Influenced by Various Land Use Systems under Hill Ecosystem of North East India
Authors: KUMAR MANOJ , NAMEI A , MEENA K L , RAJKHOWA2 D J , G RAJESHA , DAS ANUP , MAHAPATRA KP , CHOWDHURY P , RANGNAMEI K LILY , KUOTSU RUKUOSIETUO
Published: June 2019

An investigation was undertaken to evaluate the soil properties of different land use systems viz. Jhum field (1st year), Jhum field (2nd year), Large cardamom based agro forestry system (4 year old), Orange based farming system (15 year), Jhum fallow (4 year) and Forest (>20 year) in Longleng district of Nagaland. Highest available P was recorded 21.91 kg/ha under Jhum 1st year, whereas lowest available K was found (219.81kg/ha) under Large cardamom agro-forestry system (4 year). Forest soil were recorded 7.70%, 14.15%, 26.16%, higher pH, SOC, available N respectively as compared to Jhum fallow 2nd year. Result revealed that maximum value of pH (5.31), SOC (2.58 %) and available N (413.95 kg/ha) were recorded under forestland (more than 20 years) followed by Orange based farming system as compared to other land use system.
Effect of Microbial Seed Treatment on Root Growth of Wheat under Compacted Soil Condition
Authors: MONDAL SURAJIT , CHAKRABORTY DEBASHIS , PAUL SANGEETA
Published: June 2019

Soil compaction can seriously restrict root growth both in surface and subsurface soil layers, preventing the root system to uptake water and nutrients from deeper layers in wheat due to intensive puddling in rice. To understand the effect of compaction (BD1 = bulk density 1.4 g cm-3 and BD2 = 1.8 g cm-3) on root growth of wheat, a pot experiment was conducted in ambient condition during wheat growing period (November-April) in 2017-18. This experiment was done with microbially treated wheat seeds (M1 to M6) to observe the effects of microbial cultures on root growth under compacted soil condition in comparison to control where no seed treatment was done. BD1 registered a marginally 28% higher root length density than BD2. Among seed treatment with microbial cultures (MC), MC5 resulted in highest root length density (23% higher than the control). Unlike root length density, root volume density was influenced significantly (p less than 0.05) by microbial seed inoculation, although soil compaction had marginal impact. Average diameter of root varied significantly among treatments due to both soil compaction and microbial seed treatment (p less than 0.01). Average diameter was significantly higher (20%, p less than 0.01) in BD2 than BD1. MC2 recorded higher (45-33%, p less than 0.01) root diameter than other treatments but was comparable with MC3. It can be concluded that Seed treatment with suitable microbial culture can promote the crop growth in general and root growth in particular under compacted soil condition.
Blood Pressure and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Patients Initiating Hemodialysis
Authors: Chang Tara I-Hsin , Liu Sai , Airy Medha , Niu Jingbo , Turakhia Mintu P. , Flythe Jennifer E. , Montez-Rath Maria E. , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C.
Published: June 2019

Background and objectives

We examined the association of predialysis systolic and diastolic BP and intradialytic hypotension with incident atrial fibrillation in older patients initiating hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We used the US Renal Data System linked to the records of a large dialysis provider to identify patients aged ≥67 years initiating hemodialysis between January 2006 and October 2011. We examined quarterly average predialysis systolic BP, diastolic BP, and proportion of sessions with intradialytic hypotension (i.e., nadir systolic BP <90 mm Hg). We applied an extended Cox model to compute adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of each exposure with incident atrial fibrillation.

Results

Among 17,003 patients, 3785 developed atrial fibrillation. When comparing predialysis systolic BP to a fixed reference of 140 mm Hg, lower predialysis systolic BP was associated with a higher hazard of atrial fibrillation, whereas higher systolic BP was associated with a lower hazard of atrial fibrillation. When comparing across a range of systolic BP for two hypothetical patients with similar measured covariates, the association varied by mean systolic BP: at systolic BP 190 mm Hg, each 10 mm Hg lower systolic BP was associated with lower atrial fibrillation hazard (HR, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.00), whereas at systolic BP 140 mm Hg, a 10 mm Hg lower systolic BP was associated with a higher atrial fibrillation hazard (HR, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.14). Lower diastolic BP was associated with higher atrial fibrillation hazards. Intradialytic hypotension was weakly associated with atrial fibrillation.

Conclusions

In this observational study of older patients initiating hemodialysis, lower predialysis systolic BP and diastolic BP were associated with higher incidence of atrial fibrillation.
Trajetórias do saber fazer de um antropólogo
Authors: Lima Filho Manuel Ferreira
Published: June 2019

Apresento nesse artigo as minhas trajetórias acadêmicas pontuando de que modo se deu os meus aprendizados e como me fiz professor, pesquisador e sempre um aprendiz do oficio da Antropologia. Tendo como referência as experiências etnográficas, tenho pautado as minhas atividades profissionais buscando aliar o conhecimento e a prática profissionais sempre a favor de uma dialogia entres saberes. Palavras chave: Antropologia. Biografia. Memória.   Learning how to be an anthropologist   Abstract   In this article I present my academic trajectories highlighting how I have become a teacher, a researcher, and always an apprentice of Anthropology. Having as a reference the ethnographic experiences, I have guided my professional activities seeking to combine the knowledge and the professional practice in favor of a dialogism among knowledges. Keywords: Anthropology. Biography. Memory.
Diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of the endangered plant, Paeonia jishanensis
Authors: Wang Dong-Sheng , Erihemu E , Yang Bin
Published: June 2019

The microbial community in the rhizosphere is thought to provide plants with a second set of genomes, which plays a pivotal role in plant growth. In the present study, soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of an endangered plant, Paeonia jishanensis. The plants were divided into three groups: well-growing plants, poor-growing plants and dead plants. Metagenomic DNA was isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of these plants and 16S rRNA genes were sequenced by the PacBio-RS II system. The results of taxonomic analysis showed that the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria in all three sample types. Linear discriminate analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) showed that 5 species, Hirschia baltica, Arcobacter aquimarinus, Gimesia maris, Magnetococcus marinus and Pseudoxanthobactor soli, were significantly enriched in the rhizosphere of well-growing plants. Additionally, the results of PCA, MDS and clustering analysis indicated that the bacterial community in the rhizosphere of living P. jishanensis plants was similar. With the death of plants, the bacterial community changed considerably. These findings suggest that the abundance of many beneficial rhizospheric microbes declined with the death of P. jishanensis. This is a potential way to preserve endangered plants by inoculating declining species with beneficial microbes.