Frequence Des Complications De Lâ€™hypertension Arterielle Chez Les Patients Suivis En Milieu Cardiologique A Parakou En 2016
Authors: Leopold Codjo Houetondji , Mahougnon Dohou Serge Hugues , Henock Ogboni , Nicolas Amegan , Alphonse Biaou Chabi , Arnaud Sonou , Philippe Adjagba , Adebayo Alassani , Seraphin Ahoui , Martin Houenassi Dedonougbo 
Published: August 2020

Introduction : Souvent asymptomatique, lâ€™hypertension artÃ©rielle serÃ©vÃ¨le parfois par des Ã©vÃ©nements cardiovasculaires graves. Ce travail vise Ã dÃ©terminer les complications silencieuses et/ou chroniques de lâ€™hypertensionartÃ©rielle chez les patients suivis en milieu hospitalier Ã  Parakou. MÃ©thodes :Lâ€™Ã©tude Ã©tait transversale, analytique rÃ©alisÃ©e du 20 Mars 2016 au 20 Juillet2016, dans les services de cardiologie des hÃ´pitaux publiques de la ville de Parakou. Etaient inclus, tousles hypertendus consentants, ayant rÃ©alisÃ© le bilanminimum de lâ€™Organisation Mondiale de la SantÃ© (OMS) depuis au plus troismois. Lâ€™Ã©chantillonnage Ã©tait exhaustif. Les complications silencieuses et/ouchroniques de lâ€™HTA ont Ã©tÃ© recherchÃ©es selon les procÃ©dures standards.Lâ€™analyse des donnÃ©es a Ã©tÃ© faite avec le logiciel SPSS 21. RÃ©sultats : Sur les719 patients reÃ§us en consultation, 316 (43,9%) avaient une HTA. Lâ€™Ã¢gemoyen Ã©tait de 55,2 Â± 11,9 ans, la sexe ratio de 0,6. Lâ€™anciennetÃ© du diagnosticde lâ€™HTA Ã©tait infÃ©rieure Ã  5ans chez 61,1% des patients. Lâ€™observancethÃ©rapeutique Ã©tait bonne chez 43,9% et lâ€™HTA Ã©tait mal contrÃ´lÃ©e chez61,1%. Au moins une complication a Ã©tÃ© observÃ©e chez 70,9% des patients.Les trois premiÃ¨res complications chroniques Ã©taient lâ€™hypertrophieventriculaire gauche Ã©chographique (54,3%), la protÃ©inurie (40,7%) et larÃ©tinopathie hypertensive (28,1%). AprÃ¨s rÃ©gression logistique, lâ€™anciennetÃ©de lâ€™HTA â‰¥5ans (OR=2,9 ; p=0,011) et lâ€™inobservance thÃ©rapeutique(OR=3,1 ; p=0,002) Ã©taient indÃ©pendamment associÃ©es Ã  la survenue decomplication de lâ€™HTA. Conclusion : Ces donnÃ©es montrent la gravitÃ© delâ€™hypertension artÃ©rielle chez les patients et le rÃ´le dÃ©terminant delâ€™inobservance thÃ©rapeutique dans la survenue de ses complications.
Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is often revealed bycardiovascular event, issue of undiagnosed silent complications. This studyaimed at determining the prevalence of chronic complications of HBP amongpatients followed in cardiology at Parakou in 2016. Methods: We performeda cross sectional analytic study from March 20th to July 20th, 2016 in thecardiology settings of Parakou. We did a systematic recruitment of allhypertensive patients who have done the hypertension minimum check up of World Health Organization at least three months before. HBPâ€™s complicationswere accessed according standard guidelines. Socio-demographic data, dataon hypertension, treatment and treatment compliance were recorded for eachpatient. The software SPSS 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results:Among 719 patients admitted, 316 (43,9%) had HBP. The mean age was 55,2Â± 11,9 years and the sex ratio 0,6. The age of hypertension was <10years in80,4%, the treatment compliance was good for 43,9% and HBP wasuncontrolled for 61,1%. At least one complication was observed in 70,9% ofpatients. The most frequents were echographic left ventricular hypertrophy(54,3%), proteinury (40,7%) and hypertensive retinopathy (28,1%). Afterlogistic regression, age of HBPâ‰¥5years(OR=2,9; p=0,011) and the therapeuticinobservance (OR=3,1; p=0,002) were independently associated with thecomplication of the HBP. Conclusion: These data show the gravity of blackpatientsâ€™ HBP which is often complicated and the crucial role therapeuticinobservance in the arisen of these complications