bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing Upper Body Strength of Wrestling Athletes through Bulgarian Bag Exercise
Authors: Maki M. Tobibi , Berliana Berliana , Nurjaya Dede Rohmat , Novian Geraldi
Published: August 2021

Wrestling is a fighting sport that requires strength, especially in the upper body. However, the strength training carried out so far is still conventional and monotonous, while literature studies have provided various other, more modern and effective alternatives for strength training, one of which is the Bulgarian Bag. This study aims to examine the effect of training using Bulgarian Bag on the strength of the upper body of wrestling athletes. Research on Bulgarian Bag itself is still relatively small because Bulgarian Bags themselves are still relatively new. The research method used is an experimental method with a pre-test post-test control group design. The subjects of this study were wrestling athletes in West Bandung Regency with 10 male athletes taken by total sampling from the population. The research instrument used was a dynamic endurance hand grip strength test and a push up test which was given 2 times to the subject. Subjects were divided into two groups, namely the experimental group which was given the Bulgarian Bag exercise and the control group which was given the conventional exercise. T-test using SPSS version 24 was performed as data analysis in this study. The results showed that the Bulgarian Bag exercise had a significant effect on increasing the strength of the upper extremity of wrestling athletes. So it can be concluded that training using Bulgarian Bags can be used as the right choice to increase the strength of the upper body of wrestling athletes. The authors suggest integrating these exercises into a structured strength training program.
Two birds one stone: semaglutide is highly effective against severe psoriasis in a type 2 diabetic patient
Authors: Costanzo Gabriele , Curatolo Salvatore , Busà Barbara , Belfiore Antonino , Gullo Damiano
Published: August 2021

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP-1 analogs exert several biological activities connected not only with an insulinotropic effect but also with immunoregulation and reduction of inflammation. A 73-year-old male patient with class III obesity was referred to us for T2DM, which was not controlled with metformin therapy. He had suffered from plaque psoriasis for some years and was treated with topical therapy and adalimumab, without success. The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was 33.2 (indicating severe psoriasis), and the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) was 26.0 (indicating an extremely negative effect on the patient's life). Semaglutide (starting with 0.25 mg/week for 4 weeks, increased to 0.50 mg/week for 12 weeks, and then to 1 mg/week) was added to metformin. After 4 months, glycemic parameters had improved, and his body weight decreased. Unexpectedly, skin lesions of plaque psoriasis improved. PASI decreased by 19% compared with baseline and quality of life, assessed with the DLQI, markedly ameliorated. After 10 months, glycemic and obesity parameters, as well as psoriasis, improved further. HbA1c, BMI, and PASI were reduced by 32, 16.3, and 92%, respectively, compared with the baseline. DLQI declined to 0, meaning there was no effect of plaque psoriasis on the patient’s life.

Learning points

Psoriasis in patients with type 2 diabetes is often resistant to therapy.

We observed an obese patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus who achieved glycemic control and weight loss with the addition of semaglutide to metformin and had a relevant and long-lasting improvement of plaque psoriasis, which was previously resistant to biologic therapy.

Therapy with semaglutide may be attempted in eligible patients with difficult to treat plaque psoriasis.
A20 controls expression of beta-cell regulatory genes and transcription factors
Authors: Ratajczak Wiktoria , Atkinson Sarah D , Kelly Catriona
Published: August 2021

TNFAIP3 encodes a zinc finger protein called A20, which has potent anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. A20 promotes beta-cell survival and protects against islet graft rejection in experimental models. The current study sought to investigate the mechanisms underlying the protective role of A20 in the pancreatic beta-cell. Two islet cell types were used for experiments: the insulin-secreting BRIN-BD11 cell line and human islet cells. A20 was silenced using siRNA against TNFAIP3, and knockdown was confirmed by qPCR and immunostaining of cells. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and apoptosis were assessed using the ApotoxGlo assay. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and production of inflammatory cytokines (TNFa, IL1b and IFNg) were measured by ELISA. Expression of beta-cell regulatory genes (Abcc8, Kcnj11, Kcnq1, Gck, Scl2a2) and transcription factors (Hnf1a, Pdx1, Nkx6.1, Ngn3) was determined by qPCR. A20 deficiency increased apoptosis, impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion, and reduced expression of beta-cell regulatory genes and transcription factors. Addition of recombinant A20 normalized gene expression profiles. TNFa, IL1b and IFNg were elevated in A20 deficient cells and found to independently elicit changes in gene expression. Analysis of PCR array data suggests that A20 action in the beta cell is largely, although not exclusively, driven by the P65 subunit of NF-kB. The current report demonstrates a role for A20 in controlling beta-cell integrity and survival, which likely results from the regulation of inflammatory signalling. Of particular note is the impact that A20 deficiency has on the expression of transcription factors regulating the maturation and normal function of beta cells.
TREATMENT OF AN ANKYLOSED MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISOR BY SINGLE-TOOTH OSSEOUS OSTEOTOMY
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Ufuk , ÖZTÜRK Fırat , KUZUCU İbrahim , İYİLİKCİ Berrin , KIZILDAĞ Alper
Published: August 2021

Ankylosis is the fusion between the mineralized root surface and the alveolar bone and led to development of infraocclusion. Osteocorticotomy is a surgical procedure in which the intact ankylosed tooth and adjacent bone are either repositioned in 1 step or moved orthodontically. This case report describes the treatment of a boy, aged 14.9 years, whose ankylosed maxillary right central incisor had been infraocclused due to the trauma. We performed a segmental osteotomy with in a single-stage surgery to allow for inferior repositioning of the tooth and bone. This technique permits optimal repositioning of the tooth and allow rapid movement of teeth with the block of bone. The traction of the single-tooth osteotomy block can be repositioned to the desired position immediately by vertical extrusion bends, vertical elastics, a coil spring, a nickel-titanium wire, or a simple distraction device.
Prozessoptimierung in der Fernsehproduktion
Authors: Severin Sandra
Published: August 2021

Seit einigen Jahren ermöglichen neue Technologien in der Fernsehproduktion dezentrales, paralleles und vor allem schnelleres Arbeiten. Speziell das Potential der Cloud-Technologie mit ihren vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten entlang des Produktionsprozesses kann sich jedoch nur entfalten, wenn die oft historisch gewachsenen Produktionsprozesse an die neuen Möglichkeiten angepasst werden. Das gelingt nur mit einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtung der Prozesse. Eine wissenschaftliche Systematik mit erprobten Werkzeugen bietet dazu das Geschäftsprozessmanagement, das mit sogenannten Reifegradmodellen die Reife von Prozessen bewertet und Maßnahmen für eine Optimierung hin zu einer höheren Reifestufe vorschlägt. Das Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, ein spezifisches Prozessreifegradmodell für die Fernsehproduktion zu entwickeln, das bewertet, inwieweit die Prozesse auf die optimale Cloudnutzung hin optimiert sind. Der Beitrag gibt Aufschluss darüber, welche Potentiale Cloud Computing als Basistechnologie für die Fernsehproduktion bietet und wie solch ein neu entwickeltes Prozessreifegradmodell funktionieren kann. Zudem werden die Bewertungskriterien vorgestellt und damit der aktuelle Entwicklungsstand aufgezeigt.
Local Diagnostic Reference Levels for Paediatric Head CT Procedures
Authors: Gricienė Birutė , Šiukšterytė Monika
Published: August 2021

Background. Patients, especially children, are exposed to substantially high doses of ionising radiation during computed tomography (CT) procedures. Children are several times more susceptible to ionising radiation than adults. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are an important tool for monitoring and optimising patient radiation exposure from radiological procedures. The aim of this study is to estimate the ionising radiation exposure doses and set local DRLs for head CT examinations according to age and to compare local DRLs with national and European DRLs and with literature data in other countries.Materials and methods. Scan parameters of single-phase head CT examinations were collected. Patients were grouped by age in the following intervals: <1, 1−5, 5−10, 10−15 and 15−18 years. Local age-based DRLs set as the 3rd quartile of the median dose-length product (DLP) were calculated. Literature analysis was performed on PubMed search engine on inclusion criteria: publication date 2015–2020, used keywords paediatric computed tomography, paediatric CT, diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). The 23 articles discussing paediatric DRLs were further analysed.Results. Data was collected from 194 paediatric head CT examinations performed in 2019. The median DLP values for head CT were 144.3, 233.7, 246.4, 288.9, 315.5 for <1, 1−5, 5−10, 10−15 and 15−18 years old groups. Estimated local DRLs for head CT examinations are 170, 300, 310, 320, 360 mGy*cm for <1, 1−5, 5−10, 10−15 and 15−18 years age groups respectively and 130, 210, 275, 320 mGy*cm for 0−3 months, 3 months−1 year, 1−6 years and ≥ 6 years age groups respectively.Conclusions. Results of this study showed that settled new local DRLs of head CT examinations were 2–4 times lower than national DRLs and about 2 times lower than European DRLs. Moreover, the study indicated that paediatric head CT doses are significantly lower in comparison with those indicated in the majority of published data from other hospitals over the last 6 years. Patient dose assessment and local DRLs establishment plays important role in future exposure optimisation.
Quantum-chemically computed integral characteristics of complex nanomaterials
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gun'ko V. M.
Published: August 2021

Development of theoretical tools to analyze electronic structure of complex nanomaterials depending on features of spatial and chemical organizations of different phases is of interest from both practical and theoretical points of view. Therefore, in this work, an approach based on computations of the atomic charge distribution functions (CDF) in parallel to calculations of the distribution functions of the chemical shifts (SDF) of protons is developed to be applied to a set of complex oxide and carbon nanomaterials. Binary nanooxides (alumina/silica, titania/silica), 3d-metal-doped anatase, activated carbon, carbon nanotube, fullerene C60, graphene oxide, and N-doped Kagome graphene are considered here as representatives of different classes of nanomaterials. The analyses of the CDF and SDF as nonlocal characteristics of certain kinds of atoms in complex systems provide a deeper insight into electronic structure features depending on composition of the materials, guest phase-doped host phase at various amounts of dopants, structure of O- and OH-containing surface sites, amounts and organization of adsorbed water, formation of neutral and charged surface functionalities, bonding of solvated ions, etc. The CDF of metal and hydrogen atoms (electron-donors) are more sensitive to the mentioned factors than the CDF of O, N, and C atoms (electron acceptors) in various systems. As a whole, the use of the CDF and SDF in parallel expands the tool possibility in detailed analysis of the structural and interfacial effects in dried and wetted complex nanomaterials.
Congenital Syphilis Diagnosed Beyond the Neonatal Period in the United States: 2014–2018
Authors: Kimball Anne , Bowen Virginia B. , Miele Kathryn , Weinstock Hillard , Thorpe Phoebe , Bachmann Laura , McDonald Robert , Machefsky Aliza , Torrone Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

During 2014–2018, reported congenital syphilis (CS) cases in the United States increased 183%, from 462 to 1306 cases. We reviewed infants diagnosed with CS beyond the neonatal period (>28 days) during this time.

METHODS

We reviewed surveillance case report data for infants with CS delivered during 2014–2018 and identified those diagnosed beyond the neonatal period with reported signs or symptoms. We describe these infants and identify possible missed opportunities for earlier diagnoses.

RESULTS

Of the 3834 reported cases of CS delivered during 2014–2018, we identified 67 symptomatic infants diagnosed beyond the neonatal period. Among those with reported findings, 67% had physical examination findings of CS, 69% had abnormal long-bone radiographs consistent with CS, and 36% had reactive syphilis testing in the cerebrospinal fluid. The median serum nontreponemal titer was 1:256 (range: 1:1–1:2048). The median age at diagnosis was 67 days (range: 29–249 days). Among the 66 mothers included, 83% had prenatal care, 26% had a syphilis diagnosis during pregnancy or at delivery, and 42% were not diagnosed with syphilis until after delivery. Additionally, 24% had an initial negative test result and seroconverted during pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS

Infants with CS continue to be undiagnosed at birth and present with symptoms after age 1 month. Pediatric providers can diagnose and treat infants with CS early by following guidelines, reviewing maternal records and confirming maternal syphilis status, advocating for maternal testing at delivery, and considering the diagnosis of CS, regardless of maternal history.
Variation analysis of organochlorine pesticides in waters and sediments from a tropical river
Authors: Marquez Adriana Mercedes , Cardenas Samuel , Guevara Edilbeto
Published: August 2021

In this paper, it is analyzed the temporal variation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water and sediments from a river influenced by the activity in an agricultural field in a tropical country during the period 2013-2016. The novelty consists of increasing the studies of concentrations of OCPs in water and sediments of rivers for contributing to establish thresholds of concentrations that allow to protect the biota in soils and waters. The mean values of the OCPs dissolved in water and sorbed on sediments varied as follows: p.p'-DDT (0.001 – 0.022 μg.L-1), (0.1 – 8.24 μg.kg-1), o.p'-DDT (0.001-0.021 μg.L-1), (0.51 – 5.76 μg.kg-1), p.p'-DDD (0.001-0.01 μg.L-1), (0.14 – 1.96 μg.kg-1), p.p'-DDE (0.001-0.027 μg.L-1), (0.52 – 7.32 μg.kg-1), o.p'-DDE (0.001-0.041 μg.L-1), (0.2 – 5.52 μg.kg-1), Aldrin (0.004-0.053 μg.L-1), (0.23 – 8.22 μg.kg-1), Dieldrin (0.001-0.032 μg.L-1), (1.13 – 6.82 μg.kg-1) and Endrin (0.001-0.008 μg.L-1), (1.16 – 7.60 μg.kg-1). The management of OCPs by the activity in the agricultural field is being controlled.
Entre a revolução, a instabilidade política e a ruptura democrática
Authors: Araujo Rafael Pinheiro de
Published: August 2021

Em 10 de novembro de 2019, ocorreu mais um golpe de Estado na Bolívia. Evo Morales renunciou ao seu mandato presidencial após perder a “batalha das ruas” para as oposições políticas do país. O fatídico desfecho ocorreu após a sugestão de abdicação feita pelo comandante das Forças Armadas, general Williams Kaliman. A instabilidade política após a eleição presidencial em 20 de outubro contribuiu decisivamente para esse acontecimento. O tema despertou debates nos meios universitário e diversas análises jornalísticas. Paralelamente, exames sobre o assunto foram feitos por pesquisadores dedicados à história latino-americana. Almejamos contribuir com tais debates neste artigo. Refletiremos sobre a história boliviana entre 2006 e 2019. Avaliaremos os quase 14 anos de gestão de Evo Morales e as motivações para o golpe de Estado que finalizou com a revolução democrática e cultural boliviana.
Todos podem ser divulgadores?
Authors: Varella Flávia Florentino , Bonaldo Rodrigo Bragio
Published: August 2021

Este artigo busca discutir as práticas de divulgação científica e curadoria digital no projeto Teoria da História na Wikipédia. Desde 2018, um conjunto de usuários universitários vêm editando verbetes na Wikipédia lusófona tendo como objetivo geral qualificar as entradas da enciclopédia on-line no campo da Teoria da História. Na primeira parte do artigo sistematizamos a prática de edição de verbetes realizada pelo grupo e suas mudanças tendo em vista as dificuldades de seus participantes. Na segunda parte analisamos os verbetes da categoria Teoria da História e, através da noção de curadoria digital, formalizamos uma entrada para discutir a amplitude da Wikipédia como fonte de difusão do conhecimento. Por fim, apontamos alguns entraves a serem superados para que o projeto possa melhor executar a sua missão de divulgação do conhecimento histórico na Wikipédia.
The Iguaçu Regional Museum and its Audiences
Authors: Kobelinski Michel
Published: August 2021

This article examines discursive languages that the Regional Museum of Iguaçu built for itself and for its public, associated with the preservation of the environment and cultural heritage. In the second approach, the public of the museum exhibitions on social networks and forms of interaction with the Regional Museum of Iguaçu are analyzed. Based on the concepts and practices of public history, the objective is to contribute to the planning of exhibitions and to study the relationship between museum collections and audiences.
Élő donoros vesetranszplantációt követő terhességben kialakult terápiarezisztens hypertonia
Authors: Borda Bernadett , Keresztes Csilla , Keresztúri Attila
Published: August 2021

Összefoglaló. A veseátültetés a legnagyobb reményt nyújtja a
végstádiumú vesebetegségben szenvedő nők számára, akik teherbe kívánnak esni. A
veseátültetett beteg terhessége továbbra is kihívást jelent az immunszuppresszív
gyógyszerek mellékhatásai, az allograftfunkció romlásának kockázata, a
praeeclampsia és a magas vérnyomás káros anyai szövődményeinek rizikója,
valamint a koraszülés, az alacsony születési súly kockázata miatt. A terhesség
alatt nagy a magas vérnyomás kialakulásának kockázata, a szérum-kretaininszint
emelkedik, és a terhesség végére proteinuria is kialakulhat. Az ajánlott
fenntartó immunszuppresszió terhes nőknél a kalcineurininhibitorok
(takrolimusz/ciklosporin) és alacsony dózisú szteroid adása, melyek
biztonságosnak tekinthetők. Fontos, hogy a gyermekvállalási tanácsadás már a
vesetranszplantáció előtt megkezdődjön, és a transzplantációt követően minden
klinikai kontroll megtörténjen. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(23): 924–926.

Summary. Kidney transplantation offers the best hope to women with
end-stage renal disease who wish to become pregnant. Pregnancy in a kidney
transplant recipient continues to remain challenging due to side effects of
immunosuppressive medication, risk of deterioration of allograft function, risk
of adverse maternal complications of preeclampsia and hypertension, and risk of
adverse fetal outcomes of premature birth, low birth weight, and small for
gestational age infants. The factors associated with poor pregnancy outcomes
include the presence of hypertension, serum creatinine greater than normal range
and proteinuria. The recommended maintenance immunosuppression in pregnant women
is calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus/cyclosporine) and low-dose steroid which
are considered safe. It is important that counseling for childbearing should
start as early as prior to getting a kidney transplant and should be done at
every clinic visit after transplant. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(23): 924–926.
Arya Penangsang: Santri Kesayangan Sunan Kudus sebagai Pembangun Memori Kolektif dalam Revitalisasi Kota Cepu
Authors: Waluyo Sukarjo
Published: August 2021

The issue of locality emerged in line with the 1998 reform movement, one of which demanded decentralization of development, including culture. The local identity of the Cepu community is important in this study. Talking about Cepu City cannot be separated from the Islamic Sultanate of Demak, Sunan Kudus, and Arya Penangsang. Arya Penangsang is the grandson of Raden Patah (founder of the Islamic Sultanate of Demak), Sunan Kudus's favorite religious and intelligent student. He is also the Duke of Jipang (Cepu of the past) who is known to be wise, brave, and a staunch Muslim. However, Cepu is an old city that historically has always been defeated, especially after the collapse of the Islamic Sultanate of Demak which was replaced by Javanese rulers in Pajang and Mataram. In the coastal areas he was known as the prince of the last heir to the Islamic Sultanate of Demak who was killed dramatically. The representation of Cepu's local identity comes through the figure of Arya Penangsang and efforts to revitalize the past glory of Jipang Kadipaten as a means of articulation. Interestingly, Arya Penangsang is a figure whom the rulers and most of the Javanese people regard as an evil, cruel, and power-hungry rebel. Thus, efforts to represent the local identity of the Cepu community clash with the dominant discourse of Javanese society in general. Using the ethnographic method, this article aims to express the love of the Cepu people towards Arya Penangsang and the Kadipaten Jipang. The results of this study will explain how Arya Penangsang and the past glory of the Kadipaten Jipang have been awakened in the collective memory of the Cepu people. Arya Penangsang and the Kadipaten Jipang are currently constructed as local heroes in discourses on the revitalization of Cepu City. The results of this study contribute to become a model for the revitalization of other cities that have the same issue.
Monarquia estatal? Uma análise dos impactos do mito da “Monarquia Unida” na historiografia de Israel e Judá
Authors: Berlesi Josué
Published: August 2021

No presente artigo analisamos parte da historiografia sobre a Monarquia Unida de Davi e Salomão bem como os motivos pelos quais a idéia de um reino unido sob o governo dos referidos monarcas se manteve por tanto na pesquisa acadêmica acerca do passado de Israel e Judá. Reflexões sobre metodologia da pesquisa histórica e historiografia serviram a presente análise para verificar o papel do texto bíblico como fonte histórica.
Imagens Assírias: entre narrativa e arte
Authors: Pozzer Katia Maria Paim
Published: August 2021

No mundo mesopotâmico, o relevo sobre pedra foi uma das mais importantes manifestações artísticas. A imponente quantidade de cenas e a sua própria continuidade, indicam uma função amplamente documental. A prática cultural de criação destes relevos monumentais está associada ao momento político de construção de grande impérios. Neste artigo examinamos o relevo do banquete de Assurbanipal e Aššur-šarrat a partir da perspectiva da história da arte e dos fundamentos da iconologia.
Preliminary results on microplastics in surface water from the downstream of the Day River
Authors: Doan Thi Oanh , Duong Thi Thuy , Nguyen Thi Nhu Huong , Hoang Thi Quynh , Le Thi Phuong Quynh , Duong Hong Phu , Le Phuong Thu , Bui Huyen Thuong
Published: August 2021

Microplastics (MPs), referring to plastic items ranging from 1 to 5000 µm long, are polluting the terrestrial and aquatic environments and are becoming a threat to the health of ecosystems, biota, and humans. Rivers are major carriers of these materials from the terrestrial environment to the oceans. In the present study, the occurrence of MPs in a peri-urban river was investigated. The Day river system is a good example of a peri-urban river strongly influenced by human activities in the whole basin. Water samples were collected from the downstream of the Day river, including Cau Que, Cau Do, and Do Thong, in the rainy and dry seasons using a plankton sampling net for identifying microplastic concentration, size, shape, color, and polymer composition. Microplastic abundance in the surface water ranged from 269,693±60,624 to 863,005±131,925 items/m3. The microplastic concentration in the rainy season was higher than that in the dry season. MPs abundance was increased at a site near urban areas with high human activity. The microplastic shape was collected in different seasons did not change significantly, with microplastic fibers as the major items, accounting for above 92% of the total items. Many fibers microplastics collected in this study were in small sizes of 300-1000 µm and 1000-2000 µm, occupying 78.5-85.7% of the total microplastic items. Purple was the most common color of microplastics. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were major polymer types of the selected items in the surface water samples downstream of the Day River.
Host upregulation of lipid droplets drives antiviral responses
Authors: Monson Ebony A. , Helbig Karla J.
Published: August 2021

When a host cell is infected by a virus, it activates the innate immune response, setting off a cascade of signalling events leading to the production of an antiviral response. This immune response is typically robust and in general works well to clear viral infections, however, viruses have evolved evasion strategies to combat this, and therefore, a better understanding of how this response works in more detail is needed for the development of novel and effective therapeutics. Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles and have historically been thought of simply as cellular energy sources, however, have more recently been recognised as critical organelles in signalling events. Importantly, many viruses are known to take over host cellular production of LDs, and it has traditionally been assumed the sole purpose of this is to supply energy for viral life cycle events. However, our recent work positions LDs as important organelles during the first few hours of an antiviral response, showing that they underpin the production of important antiviral cytokines following viral infection. Following infection of cells with either RNA viruses (Zika, Dengue, Influenza A) or a DNA (Herpes Simplex Virus-1) virus, LDs were rapidly upregulated, and this response was also replicated following stimulation with viral mimic agonists. This upregulation of LDs following infection was transient, and interestingly, did not follow the well described homeostatic mechanism of LD upregulation, instead being controlled by EGFR. The cell’s ability to mount an effective immune response was greatly diminished when inhibiting EGFR, thus inhibiting LD upregulation during infection, also leading to an increase in viral replication. In this microreview, we extrapolate our recent findings and discuss LDs as an important organelle in the innate immune response.
Organização da demanda em saúde bucal e a vulnerabilidade familiar
Authors: Peres Neto João , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário de
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a relação de um instrumento de vulnerabilidade familiar com fatores sociodemográficos e odontológicos e sua distribuição espacial em determinado território. A variável dependente foi a classificação de vulnerabilidade familiar, proposta por Coelho e Savassi. As variáveis independentes foram selecionadas baseadas no modelo teórico proposto por Andersen. Foram estimados modelos de regressão logística múltipla hierarquizada. O estimador de densidade de Kernel foi utilizado para análise espacial. Indivíduos que residiam com mais de quatro pessoas (OR = 3,46; IC 95%), que estavam insatisfeitos com a saúde bucal (OR = 2,38; IC 95%) e que tinham vergonha ao sorrir e falar (OR = 3,03; IC 95%) apresentavam mais chances de estar “em risco” familiar. A análise espacial possibilitou a visualização de uma área de maior concentração de famílias “em risco”. A relação do instrumento de vulnerabilidade analisado com fatores sociodemográficos e odontológicos, além do auxílio na visualização e identificação de áreas mais vulneráveis, auxilia no conhecimento do território para o planejamento das ações em saúde bucal, de modo que concluímos que tal instrumento pode ser adotado para um acesso mais equânime por parte das equipes de saúde bucal.
Trends in Integration of Vision and Language Research: A Survey of Tasks, Datasets, and Methods
Authors: Mogadala Aditya , Kalimuthu Marimuthu , Klakow Dietrich
Published: August 2021

Interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications has seen unprecedented growth in the last few years. This success can be partly attributed to the advancements made in the sub-fields of AI such as machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing. Much of the growth in these fields has been made possible with deep learning, a sub-area of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks. This has created significant interest in the integration of vision and language. In this survey, we focus on ten prominent tasks that integrate language and vision by discussing their problem formulation, methods, existing datasets, evaluation measures, and compare the results obtained with corresponding state-of-the-art methods. Our efforts go beyond earlier surveys which are either task-specific or concentrate only on one type of visual content, i.e., image or video. Furthermore, we also provide some potential future directions in this field of research with an anticipation that this survey stimulates innovative thoughts and ideas to address the existing challenges and build new applications.
Proteins Associated with Risk of Kidney Function Decline in the General Population
Authors: Grams Morgan E. , Surapaneni Aditya , Chen Jingsha , Zhou Linda , Yu Zhi , Dutta Diptavo , Welling Paul A. , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Zhang Jingning , Arking Dan E. , Chen Teresa K. , Rebholz Casey M. , Yu Bing , Schlosser Pascal , Rhee Eugene P. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Boerwinkle Eric , Lutsey Pamela L. , Mosley Thomas , Feldman Harold I. , Dubin Ruth F. , Ganz Peter , Lee Hongzhe , Zheng Zihe , Coresh Josef
Published: August 2021

Significance Statement

Proteomic profiling may allow identification of plasma proteins associated with subsequent changes in kidney function, elucidating biologic processes that underlie CKD. The authors used large-scale proteomic profiling to evaluate the association of 4877 plasma proteins with the development of adverse kidney outcomes in a cohort of 9406 middle-aged adults with a median follow-up of 14.4 years, and, in a subset of 4378 adults at a later time point, with a median follow-up of 4.4 years. They found 13 proteins for which higher levels were associated with greater kidney risk at both time periods, and 12 replicated in at least one external cohort. Although most proteins appeared to be markers, rather than causes, of kidney damage, genetic evidence suggested a causal role for lectin mannose-binding 2 protein (LMAN2).

Background

Proteomic profiling may allow identification of plasma proteins that associate with subsequent changesin kidney function, elucidating biologic processes underlying the development and progression of CKD.

Methods

We quantified the association between 4877 plasma proteins and a composite outcome of ESKD or decline in eGFR by ≥50% among 9406 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (visit 3; mean age, 60 years) who were followed for a median of 14.4 years. We performed separate analyses for these proteins in a subset of 4378 participants (visit 5), who were followed at a later time point, for a median of 4.4 years. For validation, we evaluated proteins with significant associations (false discovery rate <5%) in both time periods in 3249 participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) and 703 participants in the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK). We also compared the genetic determinants of protein levels with those from a meta-analysis genome-wide association study of eGFR.

Results

In models adjusted for multiple covariates, including baseline eGFR and albuminuria, we identified 13 distinct proteins that were significantly associated with the composite end point in both time periods, including TNF receptor superfamily members 1A and 1B, trefoil factor 3, and β-trace protein. Of these proteins, 12 were also significantly associated in CRIC, and nine were significantly associated in AASK. Higher levels of each protein associated with higher risk of 50% eGFR decline or ESKD. We found genetic evidence for a causal role for one protein, lectin mannose-binding 2 protein (LMAN2).

Conclusions

Large-scale proteomic analysis identified both known and novel proteomic risk factors for eGFR decline.
Defining Strategic Communication: An Almost Impossible Challenge, But Perhaps There Is Still A Solution
Authors: Németh József Lajos
Published: August 2021

After the 9/11 terrorist attacks the term „strategic communication” became widely used by political and military leaders as well. Shortly, it became a kind of a ‘buzzword’. As a result, today there are many definitions in use to describe it. However, we are still facing lots of challenges if we wish to grasp the real meaning of this term. For a better understanding, and built on the research done so far, the author presents a possible interpretationof strategic communication based on some new methodologies and suggests a new approach and definition and, by his opinion, the main actors are the states and the armed forces.
THE DEPICTIONSOF HELL AND THE DEVIL IN MACEDONIAN FOLKLORE IN XIXTHCENTURY
Authors:   Institute of Macedonian Literature,Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Koviloski Slavčo
Published: August 2021

In this paper we analyze the depictions of hell and the devil in Macedonian folklore from the 19thcentury by comparing several mediums: folk songs, stories, curses, proverbs, etc. Adam and Eve’s exile from Paradise marks the first internal and external exile in the history of mankind. In light of this, we focus on numerous descriptions of hell as a place full of fire in which sinners are exposed to torments, and of the image of the devil as a master of evil. Inthis context, we look at different names for hell and the devil that represent social and spiritual apostasy and disapproval of existing ethical and moral norms.
GIOTTO IN RUSSIAN POETRY: NEGATIVITY, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SOCIETY
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Markov Alexander V.
Published: August 2021

The perception of Giotto’s heritage in Russian literature and culture has always been directly linked not only with the concept of the Renaissance and the development of Western culture, but with a special interest in writing practice and in the ambition of the narrative presented as innovative style to create communities. The main topic of the poetic thought was the transition from community to society, in other words, from community to church, so Giotto's status as a genius was always supported with statements about other geniuses who directly, but rather indirectly, made this transition. Despite the scarcity of references to the name Giotto, Russian poetry did not so much reflect the current art history conception, but anticipates or correctsconclusions of art historians. My careful analysis of the statements about Giotto in Russian poetry (V.Komarovsky, S.Soloviev, A.Voznesensky) in comparison with the conclusions of Russian philosophy and humanities (P.Florensky, P.Muratov, P.Bitsilli, V.Lazarev)explains plots of the poems related to picturesque impressions. The technique of chiaroscuro in Giotto, who first began to convey plausible depth through the illusory distribution of light, was understood as a technique primarily of hint and reflection, anegative, in comparison with which later Italian painting looks like a colorful positive. Such concept did not correspond to Giotto's real place in the history of art, but it did make it possible to correlate Giotto with Byzantine and Old Russian art using a golden background, emphasizing in the legacy of the Italian artist not credibility, but ability to create own art project relevant other projects.
ON THE ISSUE OF NATIONAL EXILE AND SELF-EXILE IN FRANCE BEVK'S HISTORICAL NOVEL MAN AGAINST MAN
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Perenič Urška
Published: August 2021

In the paper, the problem of exile is first understood in the way of national exile and persecution. The analysis will focus on the historical novel Človek proti človeku [Man against Man], 1930, by France Bevk, which thematizes the Middle Ages, but which should be read as a metaphor through which the author during the Italian occupation of Primorsko polemically and subtle confronted foreign rulers. In the novel the problem of national persecution is represented as the opposition between the representatives of ecclesiastical and secular/aristocratic authority on the one hand and the serfdom on the other, and is most thoroughly addressed through the relationship between patriarch and brave (bandit) nobles. With their bold opposition to the patriarch, secret conspiracy and efforts to remedy injustice and restore peace and order in their home country, the nobles also serve as a model for unification of the nation. Exile is also understood in terms of the individual's exile and the search for one's identity. More specifically, it is self-exile, which is at the same time self-awareness, as embodied in the central figure of Jerko, who is torn between the sword, the monk's habit and the poetry/art/spirituality. Jerko could be the alter ego of the writer France Bevk, who wrote the novel under conditions of house imprisonment and concluded it meaningfully with the symbolism of the falcon as the messenger of the spiritual world (and thus art).
LOSS, CULTURAL MEMORY AND LITERATURE OF EXILE
Authors:   Institute of Macedonian Literature, Smilevski Goce ,   Ss. Cyril and Methodius University
Published: August 2021

Exile related trauma emerges from the feeling of loss, which is one of the main topics in Edward Said’s Reflections on Exile. Sigmund Freud, in his work Mourning and Melancholia, states that the loss of the homeland is one of the cardinal reasons for mourning. This has led many exile theorists to analyze works themed around moving or relocating to another place based on the psychology of loss. Presenting the opposing positions of Edward Said, Paul Tabori and John Neubauer on exile literature, as well as their definitions of exile, refuges, expatriats, apatrides, this text focuses on the specific importance of cultural memory in exile literature, which refers to those who don’t live in the country in which they were born, or is authored by them. Implementing Azade Seyhan’s examinations of remembrance and what she refers to as “writing outside the nation”, this paper analyses exile literature as intentional remembrance caused by the feeling of loss, which relies on the restorative ability of cultural memory and aims to connect the past and present in integrative wholeness.
THE PRAGMATICALIZATION SOURCES OFDISCOURSE FORMULAE OFNEGATIONFROM TYPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE: RUSSIAN AND SLOVENE
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Byčkova Polina
Published: August 2021

The paper discusses a special type of colloquial constructions –discourse formulae, in two languages, Russian and Slovene.The term discourse formulae is applied to the idiomatic multiword dialogical responses like Slovene Kje pa!, Russian Гдетам!, or English As if!that have their own illocutionary forcewhichemerges throughthe diachronic process of pragmaticalization.The comparison of the inventory of discourse formulae in multiple languages, and,in particular, in closely related languages, allows to investigate the existingpatternsof this processthrough findingthe common strategiesand discovering the differencesin thedevelopment of the pragmatic meaningofa construction. The paperconsiders theRussian and Slovene discourse formulae that belong to the pragmatic class of negation and presents case studies that illustratethree different types of correlation of discourse formulae between two languages:namely, the full cognates –the discourse formulae with similar internal structure and usage, the false translation equivalents–the discourse formulae having similar internal structure and different function, and the sources of pragmaticalization that are unique for each language but have the same target meaning. The analysisof the semantic and pragmatic meaning of the discourse formulae in the two languages isbased on the technique of Moscow Lexical Typology Group which includes the analysis of parallel corpora and the results of a native speakers survey.
I CAN’T SEEM TO FIND MY GLASSES–THE ENGLISH VERB SEEM AND ITS MACEDONIAN TRANSLATION
Authors:   Goce Delchev University, Kusevska Marija
Published: August 2021

This paper discusses the verb seemand its translation equivalents in Macedonian. Seemis a multifunctional verb. As a copula verb, it is a verb of indirect perception. It may also mark the verb phrase for evidentiality and epistemic modality. In other cases, seemmay also function as a hedge, which is a pragmatic function of linguistic means that allows the speaker not to express the commitment categorically. Because of its multiple functions, seemhas different translations in Macedonian. The most widespread are congruent correspondences,when seemis translated with a corresponding verb (се чини, изгледа, личи), and zero correspondences, when it is dropped. This variety may also appear due to different cultural attitudes towards evidence.
Legal Policy of Anti-Soviet Governments in the Tax Sphere During the Russian Civil War
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Medvedev V. G.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: there have been written numerous works about the White movement, but the problems of state regulation of taxes remain unexplored in the historical and legal science.Purpose: this paper aims to study the main directions in the legal policy of anti-Soviet governments in the tax sphere and to determine its impact on the viability of state entities of ‘White’ Russia.Methods: dialectical, formal-logical, functional, and other general scientific research methods; special legal methods: comparative legal and formal legal.Results: we have examined the organization of the tax service, the problems of taxation and collection of taxes and fees; identified the main reasons for the failure of the legal policy of the White governments in this sphere; formulated conclusions about the impossibility of a radical change in tax legislation in the context of the civil war. Conclusions: tax legislation of the White governments was based on the laws of the former Russian Empire and the Provisional Government, with some adjustments being made in accordance with the conditions of the time. The pre-revolutionary tax apparatus was used to collect tax revenues without major changes in its structure. The rising inflation forced the legislators to increase the tax rates, introduce new sources of taxation, and revise tax benefits, with the main focus on the collection of indirect taxes. Since it was impossible to implement fundamental reform of the tax system, there were only made minor changes resulting in the convergence of direct taxes and property taxation. However, the tax authorities turned out to be unable to calculate and assign direct taxes in a timely manner, which was due to the unstable value and profitability of property, rapidly changing in the conditions of galloping inflation. For fear of growing social discontent, the amount of non-taxable income of working citizens was increased threefold, with the function of collecting taxes assigned to the administration of enterprises and institutions. The budgets of the municipalities dragged out a miserable existence since, according to the legislation, they were formed based on a residual principle. The population evaded the voluntary payment of taxes, and the legal policy was based on the use of forceful methods of tax collection with the police and military teams involved.
The Civil Law Principle of Cooperation in the Continental Law Doctrine: Extension Beyond Contractual Legal Relations
Authors:   Perm State University, Fedoseev A. A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: the article analyzes the possibility of the civil law principle of cooperation being implemented in various types of relations under civil law. Traditionally, the cooperation principle is considered in both Russian and foreign literature as the principle of fulfillment of a contractual obligation or as a group of additional obligations imposed on the parties to the contract and arising from the good faith principle. A more detailed consideration of the idea if cooperation allows us to draw a conclusion about the feasibility of this principle in other types of relations under civil law. Purpose: to justify the possibility of the cooperation principle being implemented in civil law relations other than contractual relations, namely in property legal relations, pre-contractual legal relations, and obligations from causing harm (protective legal relations). Methods: general scientific dialectical method; special scientific methods such as the method of comparative law, the technical method, the legal-dogmatic method, the historical-legal method. Results: analysis of legal regulation of such relative legal relations as contractual, pre-contractual, and protective, as well as property legal relations as a form of absolute legal relations, has shown that the cooperation principle is successfully implemented in these types of legal relations. Therefore, it is possible to consider this principle to pertain to the branch of civil law as a whole. Conclusions: the cooperation principle performs two functions: first, based on this principle, it is possible to achieve the purpose of civil law relations in a more effective way; second, this principle serves as a mechanism to overcome unforeseen circumstances that prevent the purpose of legal relations from being achieved. These functions are carried out in all the types of legal relations considered: in contractual relations – when there arise obstacles to the performance of a contract not specified in the contractual provisions; in pre-contractual relations – when there arise obstacles to achieving the purpose of negotiations (i.e. conclusion of a civil law contract); in protective relations – when there is a risk of an increase in harm or a risk of inability to fully reimburse damage in a timely manner; in property relations – when there occurs an accidental loss of a thing by the rightsholder.