bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anesthesia for a Patient with Undiagnosed Myotonic Dystrophy
Authors: Lee MO , Lee JH , Cho SH , Kim CE
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by progressively worsening loss of muscle mass and weakness. Anesthesiologists face challenges in managing these patients due to risks such as prolonged intubation and delayed recovery associated with anesthesia in such conditions. We report a case of a 40-year-old male patient undergoing open total gastrectomy under general anesthesia. After the surgery, we administered sugammadex to reverse neuromuscular blockade and confirmed the patient’s spontaneous breathing. We then proceeded to extubate the patient. However, the patient experienced complications such as apnea, desaturation, and mental changes. The patient was re-intubated and transferred to the intensive care unit for ventilator support. He was diagnosed with DM by genetic test later. Poor preoperative assessment or undiagnosed DM in surgical patients can lead to severe complications. Thus, it is important to carefully check preoperative laboratory results, patient history, and physical findings.
What are the Factors that Impact the Outcomes of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair?
Authors: Kilinc O , Ertem K , Ergen E , Aslanturk O
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The cuff is a complex structure with many factors affecting it. How much it is affected after repair is still being investigated.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to analyze the functional results of individuals who received arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and assess the various factors that could impact these outcomes.

Methods:

The study included 57 patients with a mean age of 58.8 years (range: 39–71) who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair between 2013 and 2020, with a minimum of 6 months after the operation. Functional and clinical outcomes of the patients were evaluated using preoperative and postoperative scores (QDASH, ASES, and VAS). The study also analyzed how demographic factors, type and duration of the tear, comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT), and other pathologies may have affected the patients’ scores.

Results:

The effect of the operation on the scores in rotator cuff tears was highly significant (P < 0.05). Age, gender, tear size, fatty degeneration, anchor configuration, comorbidities, and additional procedures presented variable values on postoperative scores, but were not statistically significant. The effect of DM and HT on VAS scores was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The results of rotator cuff repair appear to be influenced by several factors, including the sex of the patient, type and duration of tear, comorbidities, and surgical procedures used. Although these factors had an effect on the scores, they were not statistically significant.
Prediction of Intraperitoneal Adhesions in Repeated Cesarean Deliveries with Stria Gravidarum Scoring System: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yavuz O , Kurt S , Ozmen S , Bilen E , Akdöner A
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The preoperative prediction of intraperitoneal adhesion (IPA) before repeated cesarean deliveries (CD), which are becoming more prevalent, is crucial for maternal health.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to preoperatively predict IPA in repeated CD with the stria gravidarum (SG) scoring system.

Methods:

A total of 167 patients with at least one previous CD at or beyond 37 weeks of gestation were analyzed. Preoperative SG was calculated according to the Davey scoring system: 0-2 score were defined as mild SG (Group 1; n: 94, 56.2%), and 3-8 score were defined as severe SG (Group 2; n = 73, 43.8%). Preoperative previous cesarean incision features were evaluated according to the Vancouver scar scale. IPA was evaluated according to the Nair’s and modified Nair’s scoring systems.

Results:

Parity, younger age at first pregnancy, higher body mass index, number of previous CDs, rate of scar symptoms, Nair’s and the modified Nair’s scores were statistically significant in Group 2 (P = 0.01; P = 0.04; P = 0.007; P = 0.004; P < 0.001; P = 0.007; P = 0.02, respectively). Davey score ≥3 and Vancouver score ≥4.5 were determined as the cut-off value to predict IPA (P = 0.1 and 0.07, respectively). According to multivariate analysis, both Davey and Vancouver scores are independent factors in predicting IPA (P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively).

Conclusion:

Evaluating the SG score through the Davey score in women with a history of previous CD may assist in predicting IPA status before the planning of a subsequent surgery.
Effects of Coloring Liquid Dipping Time and Surface Finishing Procedures on the Optical Properties of Monolithic Zirconia
Authors: İnal CB , Bankoğlu Güngör M , Karakoca Nemli S
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Monolithic zirconia restorations can be produced from self-colored or uncolored blocks. The coloring procedure of uncolored blocks and surface treatments may affect the appearance of the restoration.

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of liquid coloring and surface treatments on optical properties of translucent monolithic zirconia.

Methods:

All specimens were cut from zirconia blocks with a thickness of 1 mm. Specimens were dipped in the coloring liquids for 3 min, 5 min, and 7 min and then divided into groups of 10 specimens for surface treatments. Glaze and mechanical polishing were applied, and the color of the specimens was measured under the D65 lighting condition with a spectrophotometer device. Color values obtained from the CIE Lab formula and the translucency parameter (TP), opalescence parameter (OP), and contrast ratio (CR) were calculated. The normality of the data was confirmed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. A three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the effect of dipping time, liquid shade, and surface treatments.

Results:

The effect of liquid shade and dipping time on the TP, OP, and CR parameters were statistically significant, and the TP values were reduced with the application of coloring liquid. Mechanical polishing groups had higher OP values and lower TP values than glazed groups.

Conclusion:

In cases where high translucency is required, it may be advisable to use self-colored blocks and apply glaze as a surface treatment to achieve the desired optical properties.
Aberrant Dorsal Nerve Root as a Concomitant Cause of Spinal Cord Tethering Associated with a Dorsal Type Lipomyelomeningocele in a Child With Caudal Agenesis
Authors: Baskurt O , Hicdonmez T , Gazioglu MN
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Tethered cord syndrome is a neurological disorder closely associated with congenital spinal dysraphism. Aberrant dorsal nerve roots may be one of the possible and relatively rare tethering pathologies, especially in the complex form of occult spinal dysraphism such as caudal regression syndrome or split cord malformation. We report an illustrative case of caudal regression syndrome with spinal cord tethering due to a combination of a contiguous bundle of an aberrant dorsal nerve root, and a dorsal-type lipomyelomeningocele, with a thickened filum terminale treated with microneurosurgical untethering.
Primary Intestinal T-cell Lymphomas – A Case Series from a Tertiary Center in South India
Authors: Mubeen Basharat , Paulose Roopa Rachel , Jose Wesley
Published: April 2024

Background:

Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the most common site for extranodal lymphomas, however, primary T-cell lymphomas of GIT are a rare occurrence. The aim of this study is to highlight the diverse clinical presentation and disease course of intestinal T-cell lymphomas, as per the 2019 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the digestive system.

Materials and Methods:

Out of 77 primary gastrointestinal lymphoma cases diagnosed over a 10-year period (2013–2023), there were five patients with primary intestinal T-cell lymphomas and their demographics, presentation, and clinical course were scrutinized.

Results:

The male-to-female ratio was 2:3 and the median age was 63.8 years. Involvement of the ileum and ileocecal region was seen in three patients, and jejunal and colonic involvement in one each. All patients presented with advanced stages of disease and progressed rapidly despite aggressive chemotherapy.

Conclusion:

Intestinal T-cell lymphomas are rare with diverse presentations and dismal prognoses despite the availability of chemotherapeutic regimens. It also reflects the need for pathologists to recognize the disease for appropriate patient management and prognostication. Collaborative studies will help to further characterize the disease for personalized treatment.
An Uncommon Entity: Myxoid Liposarcoma Occurring in the Male Breast
Authors: Gupta Sumedha , Kalra Kaushal , Kalwaniya Dheer Singh , Ahluwalia Charanjeet
Published: April 2024

Sarcoma of the breast represents a rare entity accounting for <1% of all breast tumors. Liposarcoma (LPS) of the breast is an exceedingly rare malignancy with an incidence of 0.3% of all breast sarcomas and myxoid LPS (MLPS), the second most common subtype of LPS, is even rarer in breast tissue. We present a notable case of MLPS affecting the breast of a 35-year-old male patient. The patient presented with a painless swelling in the left breast, which was subsequently diagnosed with MLPS through histopathological analysis following wide local excision. The tumor exhibited low mitotic count, clear resected margins, and positivity for S-100 on immunohistochemistry. Postoperative positron emission computerized tomography revealed no residual disease, and the patient received postoperative radiation therapy to minimize the risk of local recurrence. MLPS management requires a tailored approach, considering tumor size, location, and histological characteristics. Achieving negative margins through surgical resection remains crucial, with standardized definitions aiding in treatment consistency. The present case highlights the challenges in managing rare breast sarcomas and emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes.
Longitudinal Comparative Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA and Matched Tumor Tissue DNA in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Palliative First-Line Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy
Authors: Lee Seung-been , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Hong-Geun , Hwang Sung-Hyun , Kim Kui-Jin , Lee Ju Hyun , Seo Jeongmin , Kang Minsu , Jung Eun Hee , Suh Koung Jin , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Jin Won , Kim Yu Jung , Kim Jee Hyun , Kwon Nak-Jung , Lee Keun-Wook
Published: April 2024

Purpose This study aimed to compare tumor tissue DNA (ttDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to explore the clinical applicability of ctDNA and to better understand clonal evolution in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing palliative first-line systemic therapy.Materials and Methods We performed targeted sequencing analysis of 88 cancer-associated genes using germline DNA, ctDNA at baseline (baseline-ctDNA), and ctDNA at progressive disease (PD-ctDNA). The results were compared with ttDNA data.Results Among 208 consecutively enrolled patients, we selected 84 (41 males; median age, 59 years; range, 35 to 90 years) with all four sample types available. A total of 202 driver mutations were found in 34 genes. ttDNA exhibited the highest mutation frequency (n=232), followed by baseline-ctDNA (n=155) and PD-ctDNA (n=117). Sequencing ctDNA alongside ttDNA revealed additional mutations in 40 patients (47.6%). PD-ctDNA detected 13 novel mutations in 10 patients (11.9%) compared to ttDNA and baseline-ctDNA. Notably, seven mutations in five patients (6.0%) were missense or nonsense mutations in APC, TP53, SMAD4, and CDH1 genes. In baseline-ctDNA, higher maximal variant allele frequency (VAF) values (p=0.010) and higher VAF values of APC (p=0.012), TP53 (p=0.012), and KRAS (p=0.005) mutations were significantly associated with worse overall survival.Conclusion While ttDNA remains more sensitive than ctDNA, our ctDNA platform demonstrated validity and potential value when ttDNA was unavailable. Post-treatment analysis of PD-ctDNA unveiled new pathogenic mutations, signifying cancer’s clonal evolution. Additionally, baseline-ctDNA’s VAF values were prognostic after treatment.
Pieri rules for skew dual immaculate functions
Authors: Niese Elizabeth , Sundaram Sheila , van Willigenburg Stephanie , Wang Shiyun
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we give Pieri rules for skew dual immaculate functions and their recently discovered row-strict counterparts. We establish our rules using a right-action analogue of the skew Littlewood–Richardson rule for Hopf algebras of Lam–Lauve–Sottile. We also obtain Pieri rules for row-strict (dual) immaculate functions.
Exploring the Mechanical Properties of Modified Pistachio Shell
Particulate Composites through Experimental Investigation
Authors: Om Prakash S. , Srinivasan V. , Selvaraj Dinesh Kirupha , Nandhakumar S. , Dharmaraj T.B.
Published: April 2024

The present study focuses on the impacts of pistachio shell particles (2–10 wt.%)
on the mechanical and microstructures properties of Al–Cu–Mg/pistachio shell
particulate composites. To inspect the impact of the pistachio shell powder
content with Al–Cu–Mg alloys, the experimentation was carried out with different
alloy samples with constant copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg) content. Parameters
such as hardness, tensile strength with yield strength and % elongation, impact
energy, and microstructure were analyzed. The outcomes demonstrated that the
uniform dissemination of the pistachio shell particles with the microstructure
of Al–Cu–Mg/pistachio shell composite particulates is the central point liable
for the enhancement of the mechanical properties. Incorporating pistachio shell
particles, up to 10 wt.%, is a cost-effective reinforcement in the production of
metal matrix composites for various manufacturing applications.
Effects of Injection Molding on
Linum usitatissimum

Fiber Polyvinyl Chloride Composites for Automotive Underbody Shields and Floor
Trays
Authors: Natrayan L. , Kaliappan Seeniappan , Balaji V. , Mahesh V.
Published: April 2024

The automotive sector’s growing focus on sustainability has been spurred to
investigate the creation of sustainable resources for different parts,
emphasizing enhancing efficiency and minimizing environmental harm. For use in
automobile flooring trays and underbody shields, this study examines the impact
of injection molding on composite materials made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and
Linum usitatissimum (flax) fibers. As processed organic
fiber content was increased, the bending and tensile rigidity initially
witnessed an upsurge, peaking at a specific fiber loading. At this optimal
loading, the composite exhibited tensile strength, flexural strength, and
elastic modulus values of 41.26 MPa, 52.32 MPa, and 2.65 GPa, respectively.
Given their deformation resistance and impact absorption attributes, the
mechanical properties recorded suggest that such composites can be efficiently
utilized for automotive underbody shields and floor trays. The inherent
structure of the flax fiber within the PVC matrix constrains molecular movement,
leading to superior deformation resistance that enhances impact force
absorption. This characteristic is also responsible for the observed decline in
impact strength as fiber content increases. The investigation’s results add to
the expanding literature on environmentally friendly materials in automobile
manufacturing and offer important new information for designing and producing
floor trays and underbody shields made of PVC composites with Linum
usitatissimum fiber.
Study on the Laws Related to Fire Safety in Buildings: Focused on the Problems and Improvement Directions of Laws Related to Fire Safety in Buildings
Authors:   The Korean Association for Terrorism Studies, Han Ah Reum
Published: April 2024

Every time a major fire incident occurs, such as the Seocheon Specialized Market fire incident in South Chungcheong Province on January 22, 2024, the fire safety management authorities, including the central government (Ministry of Public Administration and Security, National Fire Agency) and local governments (local governments, fire stations), have revised organizations, mechanisms, and laws and promised to prevent recurrence. However, they are unable to effectively manage fire safety due to overlapping duties between fire safety management departments, dual regulations in fire-related laws, deficiencies in on-site command systems, and the public's insensitivity to disaster safety. Protecting the lives, bodies, and property of citizens from various unexpected fires aligns with the objectives of the「Constitution」,「Basic Fire Fighting Act」,「Fire-related Laws」, and「Building- related Laws」. This paper aims to present the problems and improvement directions of the laws related to fire safety management in buildings, followed by personal opinions and methods for enhancing public fire safety awareness and conducting education.
Implementation of Public Affairs in the interests of military operations: NATO standards and Ukrainian Armed Forces experience
Authors: Myronovych Anton
Published: April 2024

The research relevance is determined by the need for a deep understanding of Public Affairs strategies in modern military conflicts, where the information space becomes an arena of struggle no less important than the battlefield itself. In the context of the growing role of media and information technology, the effective implementation of Public Affairs can determine the success of military operations and the formation of public opinion. The study aims to analyse current approaches to Public Affairs in the military sphere, with a focus on the experience of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the implementation of NATO standards, to identify effective strategies and methodologies in this area. The methodological basis of the study is based on the following methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalisation, classification, and systematisation. The results of the study include a review of regulations, organisational structure, means and methods of Public Affairs used in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and NATO countries. Analysis of the challenges and problems faced by Public Affairs professionals in the current conditions of hybrid warfare, as well as the prospects for the development of this area of activity in the context of strengthening the information security of the state, is given special attention. The author emphasises the importance of integrating Public Affairs into the overall system of Strategic Communications in the structure of military command and the need to ensure the active participation of Public Affairs Officers in the planning and implementation of military operations. The importance of developing the professional skills of Public Affairs professionals and using the latest information and communication technologies to improve the effectiveness of Strategic Communications is emphasised. The practical significance of the study is due to its contribution to the development of approaches and standards for the implementation of effective Public Affairs in the context of military operations, identification of problems and challenges in this area, recommendations for developing the skills of specialists and improving the level of information security of the state
Confrontation between the USA and the USSR in the Middle East: Geopolitical aspect
Authors: Yurchenko Volodymyr
Published: April 2024

The research relevance is determined by the significant role of geopolitics in the life of certain regions over the past two centuries of human history, while the methods of geopolitical play remained the same, thus studying the experience is important to prevent new mistakes. The study aims to investigate the military and political processes in the Middle East during the Cold War and to determine what political methods were used by the representatives of different parties. The main methods used in the historical research were the following: analysis of sources to determine their reliability; synthesis with other works, creating new views on the problem; the method of analogy; and the method of generalisation. The analysis of many historical works and sources determined that the territory of the Middle East was of great importance to both the United States and the USSR. During the Cold War, many serious conflicts took place in the Middle East. These conflicts had their origins in the long-standing confrontation between Arabs and Jews, and, with the spread of modern ideas at the time, the struggle between socialism and democracy. This led to significant interference by external forces in the internal affairs of the Middle East, which led to escalating conflicts and instability in the region. Geopolitical battles between various conflicting forces, as well as the deployment of military operations and sponsorship of various conflict groups, have led to deep divisions and even armed clashes. It also contributed to the rise of extremism, religious ideologies and terrorist activities, which have had a further impact on stability and security not only at the regional level but also at the global level. The study results will be useful for all those who study history and geopolitics. Using the example of the confrontation in the Middle East, it is possible to identify general trends in the policy of superpowers during the Cold War and to define certain methods of geopolitics
Espionage counteraction as national security paradigm of 21st century
Authors: Dmytrenko Stepan
Published: April 2024

The research relevance is determined by the advancement of technologies in contemporary society, which expand the possibilities and methods for committing espionage crimes. Accordingly, countering espionage in all its modern manifestations is an urgent task for the authorities and the legal system. The study aims to explore espionage, modern tactics, and strategies employed by global leaders to counter it, with a particular focus on the legal aspects. The primary approach utilized in this study is comparative legal analysis, which was used to analyse the approaches of states of several continents in countering espionage to protect national security. The formal legal method was also employed. The research involved a legal examination of the concept of “espionage” and explored various approaches adopted by states with differing economic statuses to combat contemporary espionage techniques. Additionally, a comparative assessment of national legal frameworks aimed at identifying new espionage methods, preventing criminal offences against national security, and mitigating the adverse effects of espionage on governmental, political, economic, and social domains was conducted. Primarily, the study holds theoretical significance, as it culminates in a comparative analysis of espionage countermeasures across states with varying economic capacities. These findings could potentially inform enhancements to espionage countermeasures within state systems, where such tools are obsolete and fail to address contemporary challenges effectively in the face of new technological ways of committing a criminal offence against national security by espionage
Current trends in international organised crime combating cooperation
Authors: Dzyublenko Iryna , Zhabinets Nataliia
Published: April 2024

Organised crime is one of the most serious problems of our time, causing damage to the environment, and economy and hindering the sustainable development of modern society. The study aims to analyse the regional, historical, socio-political and other factors that affect the quality and effectiveness of international cooperation in the fight against organised crime. The study is based on an analysis of several critical factors that determine effective international cooperation in the fight against organised crime. The methodological basis of the study consists of such methods as comparative and structural-functional analysis, and formal legal methods, which were used to study the current state of organised crime, international mechanisms for combating it and their regulatory framework. The analysis was based on the experience of international cooperation in such countries as the United States, Ukraine, Japan, Australia and Cameroon. The study identified trends in the correlation between the level of organised crime and the level of corruption, regional factors, and the level of civil society development. The findings of the study confirm the view that the international legal obligations assumed by national governments only slightly affect the level of involvement of national authorities in the fight against international organised crime. The study establishes that high-quality international cooperation most often occurs between democracies, but cases of such cooperation between authoritarian and democratic governments are not an exception. The results of the study provide important conclusions for further analysis of organised crime and the possibilities of international cooperation between state authorities and other actors of international relations involved in the fight against organised crime
Learners’ and teachers’ perspectives on the use of code switching in Geography teaching and learning
Authors: Khalema Thabang Francis , Raselimo Mohaeka Gabriel
Published: April 2024

Language of instruction stands as a crucial element in fostering learners’ comprehension of any subject matter. Prior studies indicate that learners’ limited proficiency in the English language is among the factors influencing their performance in Geography. The present study delved into the impact of code switching in the domain of Lesotho’s geography education, drawing insights from both learners’ and teachers’ viewpoints. Drawing on Hoffmann’s theory of code switching, the study employed explanatory sequential mixed method research design, which involved classroom observations, focus-group interviews as well as in-depth interviews with grade 10 learners and teachers respectively. Findings indicate that code switching in geography education improves learners’ comprehension by improving their proficiency in subject-specific terminology. However, an over-reliance on code switching must be avoided as learners can lose their ability to employ geography vocabulary. This study suggests that the Lesotho Education Language Policy could be revised to include the selective use of mother tongues in teaching and learning.
Pro-heritage education within the project the Chisinau of the Great Union
Authors: CHIRICA Alexandra
Published: April 2024

The article focuses on cultural-historical education and describes the process of forming the competence to preserve and appreciate national and local heritage in a universal context. The author highlights the role of non-formal education in preparing students to cherish and protect national history and cultural values. The study argues for the need to value cultural heritage in the education of the younger generation, intellectually, emotionally, socially, creatively and morally. The aim of the current article is to present the educational project „Chisinau of the Great Union” as a way of valuing cultural and historical heritage in education, which facilitates the knowledge of history in a different way. The project’s educational approach is focused on education through heritage and is oriented towards the formation of integrative skills, encouraging autonomous learning by the student, guided by the teacher. The article presents the four stages of the project: the pre-project activity; the actual implementation of the project; the presentation of the products and the evaluation of the project; the dissemination of the results. At the same time, the study mentions the didactic technologies and some educational resources used in the project: the action plan; the worksheet for the analysis of a monument/building; the questionnaire on the evaluation of own experience, which asks the students to reflect on the learnings gained and the skills developed. This article, focused on educational practice, comes to facilitate the work of the actors involved in the teaching process and shares an experience in heritage education. Knowledge and implementation of such practices will contribute to the development of a civic spirit and responsibility of the young generation. We believe that the degree of appreciation of cultural and historical heritage depends to a large extent on the involvement of young people in research, promotion and conservation of cultural values.
Art as an end and means of education
Authors: URSACHI Rodica
Published: April 2024

One of contemporary society’s acute problem is moral state of its members, which needs a perfecting through permanent education of ethic standards. Art, as other domain, tackles this problem, but from its own view point. It reflects different moral ethic ideals during its development stages, which influence conscience of respective epoch people. In this way, art presents it self in double hypostasis – to reproduce the moral state of human society in a certain historical moment, and to help the speading of ethic ideas that will contribute to its spiritual education and development. The work of art becomes an object of study for the general viewer and requires him to mobilize his intellectual faculty to understand the proposed „message”. Art is the privileged way to remove man from the conflict zone of life, caused by various historical and social factors. Existential drama, expressed through moral suffering, is present in various genres of art with an emphasis on historical, religious composition, etc., but it is also avoided by artists who paint static natures, landscapes, nudes. Artists of the contemporary period, captivated by plastic and non-figurative technological effects, avoid analyzing the current social impact, rediscovering moral and ethical values and reflecting them in his work.
Task-based approach in teaching foreign languages
Authors: HERȚA Lilia
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to present the background of task-based language teaching, define a task, describe the main approaches to task-based language teaching, specify basic characteristics of task-based language teaching, emphasize the importance of task-based language teaching as a potent strategy for maximizing language learning and teaching, elaborate on the advantages and difficulties of task-based language teaching, and discuss the roles of the teacher and the learner in TBL.
MIKE Programı ile Kars Çayının Taşkın Modellemesinin Yapılması
Authors: Öztürkci İrem , Dikici Mehmet
Published: April 2024

Günümüzde küresel ısınmanın etkisi ile beraberinde gelen kuraklık ve taşkın sorunları ciddi bir durum haline gelmiştir. Dünyada küresel ısınmadan kaynaklanan iklim değişikliklerinin yanı sıra, şehirlerdeki nüfus sayısındaki artış, akarsu ve dere yataklarında imara izin verilmesi gibi etkenlerin olması da taşkınların oluşmasına sebebiyet vermektedir. Taşkın olaylarının yaşanması can ve mal kaybına neden olduğu gibi bir ülkenin ekonomik ve sosyal yapısına da bir o kadar zarar vermektedir.
Ülkemizde de taşkın olayları hala devam etmekte ve bunun sonucunda birçok can ve mal kaybı yaşanmaktadır. Özellikle 2022 yılı içerisinde taşkın olaylarının geçmiş yıllara nazaran artış yaptığı istatiksel verilerde de gözükmektedir. Bu sebeple akarsu ve dere yataklarında imara açık olan bölgelerde taşkın yayılım alanlarının belirlenmesi ve olası bir taşkın durumunda o bölge içerisinde oluşacak can ve mal kaybının en aza indirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Günümüzde taşkının modellenmesi alanında birçok faydalı program kullanılmaktadır. Bunlara örnek olarak; HEC-RAS ve MIKE gibi programlar taşkın analizi konusunda oldukça yarar sağlamaktadır
Bu çalışmada, Aras Havzasında bulunan Kars çayının MIKE programı kullanılarak 2 boyutlu taşkın modellemesi oluşturulmuş ve bunun sonucunda oluşabilecek taşkın riskleri analiz edilmiştir.
Analysis of Variables Affecting Dividend Policy in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the Period 2018-2022
Authors: Nofitasari Susi
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity, profitability, leverage and company size on dividend policy. The population in this study includes all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2018-2022 period. The sample collection method is purposive sampling, with a total sample size of 40 companies.  The data analysis used in this study used multiple linear regression analysis. The results of data analysis show that liquidity (CR) and leverage (DER) have no effect on dividend policy. Meanwhile, profitability (ROA) and company size (Firm Size) have a significant positive effect on dividend policy in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2018-2022.
Internalization of External Cost in the Thermal Power Generation on Social Welfare Maximization
Authors:   Department of Economics, Mount Kenya University, Kenya, Njuki Humphrey M. , Kiano Elvis M. ,   Department of Economics, Moi University, Kenya, Rono Lucy C. ,   Department of Economics, Moi University, Kenya
Published: April 2024

For decades, Kenya has incorporated thermal power technology into its grid to generate electrical energy using fossil fuels such as petroleum, natural gas, and coal. The burning of fossil fuels has become a major source of air pollutants and is associated with several undesirable side effects on the environment and human health. However, the impact of pollutants on environmental sustainability and public welfare has yet to be evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the external cost of electricity generated by thermal power plants in Kenya. Both survey data and secondary data were used. The analysis was conducted using externality valuation and welfare maximization approaches, and the research hypotheses were tested using a negative binomial regression model. The annual external cost ($/2022) was determined to be $ 1,333,904,970.76, with the following distribution: environmental at $ 993,488,336.26, Public health at $ 86,760,038.01, and socio-economic at $ 253,656,596.49. Equally, the thermal power generation marginal social cost ($/2022) was determined to be 1.22 $cents/kWh with the following distribution: Marginal Private Cost (MPC) at 0.01 $cents/kWh and Marginal External Cost (MEC) at 1.21 $cents/kWh. The established marginal social cost (MSC) (i.e. Σ MPC+MEC) was 1.22 ($cents/kWh). Thus, MSC is significantly greater than the established social marginal benefit (SMB) of 0.089 ($ cents/kWh); hence, we conclude that the burden of social welfare loss is highly significant, making thermal power a non-sustainable and economic energy source.
Interleukin 17 as a central component of the pathogenesis of pain associated with immunoinflammatory process: A new “target” of pharmacotherapy
Authors: Karateev А. Е. , Polishchuk Е. Yu. , Dubinina Т. V.
Published: April 2024

Modern pathogenetic therapy of inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) is aimed not only at reducing disease activity (although achieving remission and low disease activity remains the main goal of treatment), but also at eliminating as quickly and completely as possible the main symptoms that cause a decrease in the quality of life of patients. Particular importance is attached to effective control of chronic pain – the main and most distressing manifestation of IRD. To solve this problem, the pathogenesis of chronic pain in IRD continues to be actively studied, aimed at finding new ”targets” of pharmacotherapy. Thus, the role of central sensitization (CS) and comorbid fibromyalgia in the formation of clinical manifestations of IRD is now clearly proven. Signs of CS, depending on the instrument of its detection, are determined in 20–40% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA).

Interleukin (IL) 17 plays a fundamental role in the development of chronic pain in IIRD. This cytokine takes a leading position in the development of the ”cytokine cascade”, inducing the synthesis of various cytokines and chemokines, as well as chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils and T cells. Induction of synthesis of inflammatory mediators (including prostaglandin E2) determines the role of IL-17 in activation of nociceptors and their sensitization. IL-17 also takes an active part in neuroimmune interactions by activating glia cells and affecting receptors present on the membrane of neurons of the posterior horns of the spinal cord. This defines the role of IL-17 as one of the inductors of CS development. Pharmacologic blockade of IL-17 is a known pathway to suppress the activity of IIRPs such as PsA and AxSpA. However, this mechanism also allows for significant effects on chronic pain. In particular, the IL-17 inhibitor ixekizumab has shown high analgesic potential in a series of studies in PsA and AxSpA (SPIRIT-P1 and SPIRIT-P2, COAST V and COAST W). It is important to note that this drug demonstrated a very rapid analgesic effect: pain intensity was significantly reduced already 7 days after the first injection. These data suggest a specific effect of ixekizumab on the nociceptive system, independent of the anti-inflammatory effect. This fact allows us to consider ixekizumab as a drug of choice for the treatment of patients with PsA and AxSpA who experience severe pain and have signs of CS and fibromyalgia.
Relation of cytokine profile and antibody values to post-translational protein modifications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (preliminary data)
Authors: Dibrov D. А. , Avdeeva А. S. , Diatroptov М. Е. , Rybakova V. V. , Nasonov Е. L.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between cytokine levels and values of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) and antibodies to carbamylated proteins (anti-CarP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and methods. 106 patients with a reliable diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis were included in the study. Determination of anti-CarP and anti-CCP was performed by enzyme immunoassay. Patients were divided into subgroups depending on the values of anti-CCP and anti-CarP. The concentration of 27 cytokines in serum was determined using multiplex xMAR technology. Results and discussion. When comparing immunological subgroups, anti-CCP(+) patients had higher concentrations of interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-1Ra, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, fibroblast growth factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF, interferon (IFN) γ, IFN0γ-induced protein 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), transforming growth factor bb, tumor necrosis factor α and vascular endothelial growth factor. IL-5, IL-9, eotaxin, MIP-1β and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) values were higher in anti-CCP(–) patients. In the subgroup of anti-CCP(–) patients, an inverse correlation was found between IL-5 and total Sharpe score, between IL-9 and DAS28-CRP (Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein calculation). In anti-Carp(–) patients (n=73) higher values of IL-17 were recorded. Conclusion. Our data support the concept of RA heterogeneity, characterised by the existence of different clinical and immunological subtypes, which may have implications for improving personalised therapy.
Use of Mathematical Methods in Oncology
Authors:   Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, Tsybin Aleksandr
Published: April 2024

Solitons are non-linear oscillations that exist in a number of objects, including those in DNA. They appear there because histone tails oscillate with great frequency. Solitons arise as a result of the rapid fluctuation of histone tails in the DNA of any biological object, be it an animal or a person. Up to a certain age, these fluctuations are useful for a given biological object, but with age they begin to harm it, which can lead, in particular, to cancer.
Novel Targets in Rare Liver Diseases in Childhood
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics Ped Mind Institute (PMI) Hindenburgring 4, Germany, Bittmann Stefan
Published: April 2024

Rare liver diseases are highly diverse and driven by multiple mechanisms that are not well understood. Classifying these diseases is challenging, but the European Reference Network (ERN) on rare liver diseases has proposed categorizing them as autoimmune, infectious, genetic/hereditary, vascular, neoplastic, and others with unknown causes.
IP Expiration and Host Name Mismatch: A Common Client Server Connectivity Issue
Authors:   Information Technology, Managed File Transfer Engineer, PragmaEdge LLC, Alpharetta, USA, Kodurupati Prashanth
Published: April 2024

Most whitelists refer to IP addresses, not host names, so when an IP address expires, a client-server may be unable to establish a secure connection with the host server because the new IP address is not on the whitelist. The problem is different for dynamic and static IP addresses because of the inherent change frequency, thus warranting different solutions. For dynamic IP, more flexible whitelists or automated whitelist modifications may be more feasible. For static IPs, manually modifying the script that allows whitelisted servers to pass through the firewall may make more sense, especially if security is a major concern.
Enhancing Digital User Experiences through Personalized Interfaces and Predictive Modelling
Authors:   USA, Chandramouli Arun
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the development and implementation of a personalization strategy designed to enhance user experiences on digital platforms. By leveraging user behaviour data and machine learning algorithms, we propose a methodology for creating adaptive user interfaces, predictive actions, and personalized user journeys. The paper presents a real-time example application, complete with data analysis, user segmentation, feature engineering, predictive modelling, and a comprehensive A/B testing framework. We aim to demonstrate how personalization can significantly improve user engagement, satisfaction, and platform efficacy
Integrating ESG Metrics into Business Operations: A Comprehensive Methodology for Payment Services
Authors:   USA, Chandramouli Arun
Published: April 2024

This research paper introduces an innovative methodology designed for the seamless incorporation of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) metrics into the operational framework of payment services companies. Recognizing the complexities and multidimensional nature of ESG integration, this study meticulously identifies critical ESG factors that hold particular significance for payment processing entities. It goes further to elaborate on a sophisticated framework meticulously crafted not only to assess but also to substantially elevate ESG performance across diverse operational practices. The cornerstone of this methodology is its firm grounding in rigorous empirical data analysis, which illuminates the practicality and transformative potential of the proposed approach. Through a detailed exploration of ESG factors, this paper illuminate’s pathways for payment services companies to foster more sustainable business operations, highlighting the pivotal role of ESG metrics in driving operational excellence and sustainability in tandem. The findings underscore the substantial impact that a strategic ESG metrics integration can have, presenting a compelling case for its adoption as a cornerstone for sustainable and responsible business practice in the digital payment sector.
Driving Organizational Transformation through Integrated Design Thinking and Data Analytics
Authors:   Genpact, San Jose, California, USA, Deshpande Mahesh
Published: April 2024

This article presents a case study of a 3-day Design Thinking workshop for an expanded operations team, demonstrating the power of integrating Design Thinking and Data Analytics to drive organizational change. Through a combination of pre-workshop data collection and analysis, human-centered design principles, and participatory exercises, the workshop fostered increased team cohesiveness, a shared understanding of challenges, and a renewed sense of purpose. The resulting actionable playbook and lessons learned provide a roadmap for organizations seeking to harness the potential of Design Thinking and data analytics to empower teams and foster a data-driven, human-centered culture. The success of this case study invites organizations across industries to embrace the transformative potential of these approaches and invest in building the capabilities needed to thrive in an ever-evolving business landscape.
Efficient Labor (Workforce) Management - Harnessing SAP EWM’s Built-in Tools
Authors:   SAP Business Analyst, Richemont North America Inc., Dallas, USA, Percherla Anand Kumar
Published: April 2024

Managing a warehouse revolves around efficient organization, ensuring that products are allocated to spots that best suit their attributes. Retrieving products promptly and safely when customer orders are received is a fundamental aspect of warehouse operations. Many companies turn to specialized software like SAP Warehouse Management or Extended Warehouse Management (EWM) for seamless task execution tailored to diverse warehouse needs.
Architectural Patterns and Best Practices for Scalable Enterprise Applications with Angular
Authors:   USA, Emmanni Phani Sekhar
Published: April 2024

Angular has emerged as a leading framework for building scalable and maintainable enterprise applications. This article delves into the architectural patterns and best practices that harness Angular's robust ecosystem for developing enterprise-level applications that are not only scalable but also efficient and reliable. Through a detailed examination of module-based architectures, microfrontend architectures, and the monorepo approach, we uncover strategies that facilitate the development of large-scale applications, addressing common scalability challenges. Additionally, the article discusses key practices in lazy loading, state management, and component design, aimed at optimizing performance and enhancing the user experience. Security, an imperative aspect of enterprise applications, is addressed by outlining Angular-specific best practices for safeguarding applications against prevalent threats. Automated testing strategies and the role of continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD) in maintaining high-quality codebases are also explored. Drawing on real-world case studies, this article highlights the practical applications and successes of these architectural patterns and best practices, offering insights into overcoming typical challenges faced by developers. By providing a comprehensive guide to scalable application development with Angular, this article aims to equip software architects and developers with the knowledge to leverage Angular effectively in the enterprise domain, fostering innovation and efficiency in web application development.