bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal Experience in Wang Yangming's Doctrine "Liangzhi Xianzai"
Authors: Zheng Zemian
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Wang Yangming's saying " liangzhi xianzai " has been widely misread to suggest that liangzhi is already complete and perfect, need not and cannot be developed. I argue that "xianzai" means "to be still present" and connotes that something still remains and needs protection. " Liangzhi xianzai " is a dictum instructing learners to engage in moral actions according to liangzhi here and now, and to cut off the calculative mindset about the past and future. Liangzhi is not a timeless substance. It has a special mode of temporality. Yangming's military activities, calligraphy, and philosophical sayings together show that he appreciates the esthetic, moral, and spiritual exercise of immersing oneself in the present moment. Daoism and Chan Buddhism challenged Confucianism by offering a mystical experience of time. In response, Yangming transformed Chan Buddhist "nothought" to explore a Confucian approach to temporal consciousness. This observation changes the conventional narrative about how Chan Buddhism influenced Yangming.
Ultra-high numerical aperture waveguide-integrated meta beam shaper
Authors: Iyer Hrishikesh , Vlasov Yurii
Published: November 2024

The integration of metasurfaces with guided mode sources like waveguides has opened new frontiers for on-chip optical integration. However, the state-of-the-art in the field has targeted applications where long focal distances over thousands of light wavelengths are needed. This regime where the paraxial approximation holds enables inverse design of metasurfaces with weakly confining elements that are typically thicker than the wavelength in the material. For short focal length applications at distances less than 100λ, where the paraxial approximation fails and high numerical apertures (NAs) are necessary, a different approach is required. Here, we designed and experimentally demonstrated single-mode waveguide-integrated meta beam shapers capable of redirecting the confined light into the free space and focusing it at focal distances less than 100λ above the chip surface into a tightly focused spot. Focal spot characteristics measured at 460 nm operating wavelength approach diffraction-limited focusing across a range of focal lengths, device footprints, and numerical apertures, demonstrating the robustness of the approach. Focal volumes smaller than 1µm3 are demonstrated for a range of focal distances below 50 µm (100λ). For a device with NA of 0.95 that is one of the highest amongst integrated metasurfaces, the measured focal volume is as small as just 0.06µm3 at a focal distance of 13µm (28λ). These on-chip integrated ultra-high NA meta beam shapers have the potential to unlock new applications in quantum optical computing with trapped ions, localized optogenetic neurostimulation, and high resolution in situ microscopy.
Trajectories of human brain functional connectome maturation across the birth transition
Authors: Ji Lanxin , Menu Iris , Majbri Amyn , Bhatia Tanya , Trentacosta Christopher J. , Thomason Moriah E.
Published: November 2024

Understanding the sequence and timing of brain functional network development at the beginning of human life is critically important from both normative and clinical perspectives. Yet, we presently lack rigorous examination of the longitudinal emergence of human brain functional networks over the birth transition. Leveraging a large, longitudinal perinatal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data set, this study models developmental trajectories of brain functional networks spanning 25 to 55 weeks of post-conceptual gestational age (GA). The final sample includes 126 fetal scans (GA = 31.36 ± 3.83 weeks) and 58 infant scans (GA = 48.17 ± 3.73 weeks) from 140 unique subjects. In this study, we document the developmental changes of resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) over the birth transition, evident at both network and graph levels. We observe that growth patterns are regionally specific, with some areas showing minimal RSFC changes, while others exhibit a dramatic increase at birth. Examples with birth-triggered dramatic change include RSFC within the subcortical network, within the superior frontal network, within the occipital-cerebellum joint network, as well as the cross-hemisphere RSFC between the bilateral sensorimotor networks and between the bilateral temporal network. Our graph analysis further emphasized the subcortical network as the only region of the brain exhibiting a significant increase in local efficiency around birth, while a concomitant gradual increase was found in global efficiency in sensorimotor and parietal-frontal regions throughout the fetal to neonatal period. This work unveils fundamental aspects of early brain development and lays the foundation for future work on the influence of environmental factors on this process.
Reward Bases: A simple mechanism for adaptive acquisition of multiple reward types
Authors: Millidge Beren , Song Yuhang , Lak Armin , Walton Mark E. , Bogacz Rafal
Published: November 2024

Animals can adapt their preferences for different types of reward according to physiological state, such as hunger or thirst. To explain this ability, we employ a simple multi-objective reinforcement learning model that learns multiple values according to different reward dimensions such as food or water. We show that by weighting these learned values according to the current needs, behaviour may be flexibly adapted to present preferences. This model predicts that individual dopamine neurons should encode the errors associated with some reward dimensions more than with others. To provide a preliminary test of this prediction, we reanalysed a small dataset obtained from a single primate in an experiment which to our knowledge is the only published study where the responses of dopamine neurons to stimuli predicting distinct types of rewards were recorded. We observed that in addition to subjective economic value, dopamine neurons encode a gradient of reward dimensions; some neurons respond most to stimuli predicting food rewards while the others respond more to stimuli predicting fluids. We also proposed a possible implementation of the model in the basal ganglia network, and demonstrated how the striatal system can learn values in multiple dimensions, even when dopamine neurons encode mixtures of prediction error from different dimensions. Additionally, the model reproduces the instant generalisation to new physiological states seen in dopamine responses and in behaviour. Our results demonstrate how a simple neural circuit can flexibly guide behaviour according to animals’ needs.
Prediction of virus-host associations using protein language models and multiple instance learning
Authors: Liu Dan , Young Francesca , Lamb Kieran D. , Robertson David L. , Yuan Ke
Published: November 2024

Predicting virus-host associations is essential to determine the specific host species that viruses interact with, and discover if new viruses infect humans and animals. Currently, the host of the majority of viruses is unknown, particularly in microbiomes. To address this challenge, we introduce EvoMIL, a deep learning method that predicts the host species for viruses from viral sequences only. It also identifies important viral proteins that significantly contribute to host prediction. The method combines a pre-trained large protein language model (ESM) and attention-based multiple instance learning to allow protein-orientated predictions. Our results show that protein embeddings capture stronger predictive signals than sequence composition features, including amino acids, physiochemical properties, and DNA k-mers. In multi-host prediction tasks, EvoMIL achieves median F1 score improvements of 10.8%, 16.2%, and 4.9% in prokaryotic hosts, and 1.7%, 6.6% and 11.5% in eukaryotic hosts. EvoMIL binary classifiers achieve impressive AUC over 0.95 for all prokaryotic hosts and range from roughly 0.8 to 0.9 for eukaryotic hosts. Furthermore, EvoMIL identifies important proteins in the prediction task, capturing key functions involved in virus-host specificity.
A comparison of the diagnostic capability of Kato-Katz and real-time PCR for the assessment of treatment efficacy of ivermectin and albendazole combination against T. trichiura infections
Authors: Matamoros Gabriela , Sanchez Ana , Cimino Ruben , Krolewiecki Alejandro , Mejia Rojelio
Published: November 2024

Background

Trichuris trichiura is humans’ second most prevalent soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection after Ascaris lumbricoides, affecting approximately 460 million people worldwide. Despite its sub-optimal sensitivity, especially in low prevalence and infection intensity settings, the modified Kato-Katz (K-K) is still recommended as a diagnostic method by the World Health organization (WHO) guidelines.

Methodology/principal findings

Within a randomized clinical trial (RCT) comprising four treatment arms with two different anthelmintics, the present study reports an important secondary research objective to determine the diagnostic agreement between K-K and real-time PCR evaluating treatment efficacy against T. trichiura. The parasitological results were analyzed, including cure rates (CR) of a subgroup of 94 participants positive at baseline for T. trichiura eggs for both techniques. The single-dose albendazole (ALB) arm resulted in significantly lower CRs than experimental arms of albendazole/ivermectin (ALB/IVM) combinations. The overall diagnostic agreement between both techniques was 88.7% [κ = 0.8 (P<0.001)]. Concordance between eggs per gram and Ct values was moderate, with the discordance source likely stemming from lighter infection intensities.

Conclusions and significance

These findings indicate that real-time PCR is a suitable alternative for CR estimation in helminthiasis clinical trials. It also highlights the need to identify the most accurate diagnostic tools for RCTs, that would benefit from guiding principles to achieve harmonization across studies and are not necessarily the same as those used for epidemiological surveys.

Trial registration

Clinical Trials.gov (NCT04041453)
Effectiveness of interactive voice response-call for life mHealth tool on adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among young people living with HIV: A randomized trial in Uganda
Authors: Bwanika Naggirinya Agnes , Meya David B. , Nabaggala Maria Sarah , Banturaki Grace , Kiragga Agnes , Rujumba Joseph , Waiswa Peter , Parkes-Ratanshi Rosalind
Published: November 2024

Introduction

In people living with HIV, adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential for achieving and sustaining viral suppression and reducing mortality. In young people living with HIV, ART adherence and retention remain a challenge with unsatisfactory viral suppression rates despite facility-based intensive adherence counseling that is the standard of care. Few studies have evaluated mHealth adherence interventions among young people living with HIV in resource-limited settings.

Methods

This was a randomized parallel trial. Young people aged between15-24 living with HIV, initiating ART, or on ART for not more than 6 months at three ART clinics were recruited and randomized to a ratio of 1:1 to either standard of care or the intervention “Call for Life-Interactive Voice Response” with standard of care, between 12th August 2020 and 1st June 2022. The intervention is mobile technology-based software, that has interactive voice response functionalities, with a web-based interface, that allows interaction through the use of voice and tones via a dial pad. The primary outcome was viral suppression defined as HIV RNA below 1,000 copies per mL at 12 months with retention in care and viral suppression at month 6 as a secondary outcome. Descriptive statistics were used for participant characteristics. Primary outcomes and factors associated with viral load failure were assessed using the log-binomial model. All calculations were done using statistical software release 16.0.

Results

A total of 206 participants were recruited and randomized; the mean age was 22.5(SD±1.9) years and 81% (167/206) were female. The intervention had 78.6% (81/103), females, while the standard of care had 83.5% (86/103). Viral suppression at 12 months in the intervention arm was 73.6% (67/91) versus 51.9% (40/77) in the standard of care arm, p=0.01. Retention in care was 88.4% (91/103) in the intervention vs. 74.7% (77/103) in the standard of care arm p=0.01.

Conclusion

This is the first study in Uganda to demonstrate that mHealth has the potential to improve medication adherence and retention in care among youth living with HIV in Uganda.

Trial registration

NCT04718974 Registry: clinical Trials.gov.
Role of ruscogenin extracted from Radix Ophiopogon Japonicus in antagonizing 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine receptors through computational screening
Authors: Ma Suya , Liu Yongmei
Published: November 2024

The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) receptors have emerged as significant targets for therapeutic intervention in psychiatric disorders. Currently, the efficacy of psychiatric drugs is limited by challenges in achieving desired outcomes, the occurrence of adverse effects, dependence, and withdrawal reactions. Consequently, there is a pressing need for the development of safe and effective therapeutic agents for psychiatric disorders. To explore the potential effects of natural product extracts as therapeutic agents for psychiatric disorders, 73 active ingredients from natural medicine extracts were screened to identify potential inhibitors of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) using computerized virtual molecular docking. The most effective inhibitor of 5-HT2AR and DRD2 among these natural extracts was then evaluated for its drug-like properties using ADMET analysis, and its mechanisms of antagonism on DRD2 and 5-HT2AR were studied through molecular dynamics simulation. Risperidone was used as a positive control drug. The results showed that ruscogenin (RUS) was the most effective inhibitor of 5-HT2AR and DRD2, possessing favorable drug-like properties (most values of ADMET analysis were within the optimal range). When compared to risperidone, RUS exhibited more stable root mean square deviation (RMSD) plots, lower root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) values from residues 50 to 260, stronger hydrogen bonding interactions, higher compactness, a smaller solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) value, and lower binding free energy (-43.81 kcal/mol vs. -35.68 kcal/mol). RUS also demonstrated inhibitory effects on DRD2, as indicated by stable RMSD plots, low RMSF values from residues 50 to 250, strong hydrogen bonding interactions, high compactness, a small SASA value, and low binding free energy (-35.00 kcal/mol). Consequently, this research suggests that RUS, a natural pharmaceutical extract, is a promising candidate for further validation through clinical studies, representing a potential development of a therapeutic agent targeting psychiatric disorders.
Introduction to Special Issue: ‘Illuminating the Non-Representable’
Authors: Kramer Hilde
Published: November 2024

Two Special Issues of theJournal of Illustration(JILL) – Volume 11, Issues 1 and 2 – are devoted to the theme of the ‘non-representable’. This introduction gives the background for this theme: the main research questions and artistic research projects in illustration that were developed and presented as part of the major multi-year, international research series ‘Illuminating the Non-Representable’. This initiative was funded by the Norwegian Artistic Research Programme and began in 2018 at the University of Bergen. The series comprised four work packages and three symposia, and further papers were solicited for these themed issues of this journal.
Resisters: An illustrated project addressing shame among women
Authors: Dey Subir , Anandan Deepika
Published: November 2024

This article presents a research-based illustration project titled ‘Resisters: An illustrated project addressing shame among women’ self-authored as a semester-long postgraduate project at the Department of Design, IIT Delhi. The project began with understanding shame and shameful experiences of women aged 18–30 years, including college students and working professionals, through qualitative data collection and interviews. Anchored in visual communication design, it evolved into publication design and related collaterals to support the design brief. The publication serves as a resilient voice to be heard, read, shared and understood, delving into complex themes of shame and belonging. The inquiry-driven project stands at the intersection of societal messages and creative practice, validated through public display and critical feedback. Illustration as a communicative practice is crucial in today’s visually overstimulating environment, with such projects challenging the status quo within academic illustration practice.
Mucosectomía transoral robótica de base de lengua en el carcinoma escamoso de origen desconocido.
Authors: Salvatierra Vicario Belen , Corriols-Noval Patricia , Rodríguez-Martín Minerva , Cobo-Díaz Ramon , Veiga-Alonso Aida , Morales Angulo Carmelo , Obeso-Agüera Sergio
Published: November 2024

Introducción y objetivo:La prevalencia del carcinoma de origen desconocido (COD) de cabeza y cuello ha aumentado en los últimos años debido al incremento en la incidencia del carcinoma epidermoide de orofaringe Virus de Papiloma Humano (VPH) positivo, que frecuentemente puede debutar con adenopatías cervicales con un tumor primario no evidente en la exploración física. En este contexto, la cirugía transoral robótica, TORS; ha sido incorporada como una herramienta diagnóstica para la búsqueda del tumor primario en la región orofaríngea, así como una alternativa terapéutica para los tumores de dicha localización.El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar nuestros resultados y la utilidad de la TORS en el proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico del COD en cabeza y cuello.
Método: Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo en un Hospital terciario del norte de España en el que se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de COD sometidos a una mucosectomía de base de lengua (MBL) transoral asistida por robot como parte del protocolo de búsqueda del tumor primario. Se han analizado diferentes variables clínico-patológicas, así como la positividad a VPH. 
Resultados: Se han incluido 9 pacientes en el estudio; la edad media al diagnóstico fue de  60 años (rango 43-75). En un 44% de los pacientes, el estudio de la metástasis cervical reflejó positividad para p16. En dos de estos casos, se identificó el tumor primario en la pieza quirúrgica de la MBL, detectando ADN de VPH. La tasa de complicaciones tras MBL vía TORS fue baja, principalmente de grado I-II según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo.
Discusión y conclusiones: La MBL mediante TORS puede contribuir a la identificación del tumor primario en la MOD, especialmente en los casos VPH-positivos. La TORS contribuye a una estadificación correcta del proceso oncológico y a un tratamiento menos agresivo y con menos secuelas.
Theologie(n) an der Universität. Woher und wohin?
Authors: Schmid Konrad
Published: November 2024

What place should Christian theology, what places should theologies have at universities? This article first summarizes the conceptual history of »theology« in Christianity, Judaism and Islam and then offers an overview of existing options that have been realized for different theologies at universities. Finally, it proposes some criteria that could be of importance when making decisions regarding the academic organization of Theology and Religious Studies.
Menelisik Conscientiousness dan Toleransi Ambiguitas terhadap Kecenderungan Pengambilan Resiko pada Pelaku UMKM di Era New Normal
Authors: Mardhiyah Sayang Ajeng , Rezkyandar Muhammad
Published: November 2024

In challenging situations like the Covid-19 pandemic, MSME entrepreneurs are among the affected parties. However, the development and efforts to recover have become a primary demand for MSME entrepreneurs to survive in difficult circumstances. Coupled with changes in consumer habits and preferences, known as the "new normal," it has become a new era that forces MSME entrepreneurs to face a situation full of ambiguity. This study employs purposive sampling to select participants, specifically MSME actors in the city of Palembang who reside in the area, resulting in a total of 150 MSME participants with a variety of product types.  This research discusses how the risk-taking propensity of MSME entrepreneurs is influenced by their tolerance ambiguity and conscientiousness. The findings revealed a significant role of tolerance ambiguity in risk-taking propensity (p<0.01), but no significant role of conscientiousness in risk-taking propensity was found.
 
Pada situasi yang sulit seperti pandemi Covid-19, sektor UMKM merupakan salah satu pihak paling terdampak, sehingga perkembangan dan usaha untuk dapat kembali pulih menjadikan suatu tuntutan utama bagi pelaku UMKM untuk dapat bertahan di tengah situasi yang sulit. Ditambah dengan perubahan kebiasaan serta tuntutan dan juga selera dari para konsumen atau disebut sebagai new normal menjadi suatu era baru yang membuat para pelaku UMKM harus menghadapi situasi yang penuh dengan ambiguitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling purposive untuk memilih partisipan yaitu pelaku UMKM dengan kriteria berdomisili di Kota Palembang, sehingga didapatkan partisipan sejumlah 150 pelaku UMKM dengan jenis produk yang bervariasi. Pengambilan risiko pelaku UMKM dipengaruhi oleh toleransi ambiguitas dan juga conscientiousness dari pelaku UMKM sendiri. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah ditemukan secara signifikan peran toleransi ambiguitas terhadap kecenderungan pengambilan risiko (p<0.01) namun tidak ditemukan signifikansi peran dari conscientiousness terhadap kecenderungan pengambilan risiko.
More than rubber: Exploring the benefits and practicalities of diverse intercropping systems in rubber plantations
Authors: Sabarivasan M , Jasmine A Jaya , Ashokkumar G , Rajakumar D , Anitha T , Manigandan KR , Sivakumar K , Nirmalatha JD , Suji Darling B
Published: November 2024

Conventional monocrop rubber farming, while profitable, has led to significant environmental and socio-economic issues. These include deforestation, reduced soil fertility, loss of biodiversity, and increased carbon emissions. Economically, smallholder farmers face risks due to fluctuating rubber prices and income dependency on a single crop. This situation has resulted in low incomes, labour shortages, and, in some cases, abandonment of rubber plantations. Intercropping, or modern rubber agroforestry, offers a promising solution to these challenges. This approach involves planting other crops or trees alongside rubber, increasing revenue, enhancing soil properties, conserving moisture, reducing erosion and improving overall rubber crop yield. Various crops such as fruits (Salaca palm, gnetum, banana and lemon), vegetables (Cucumber, arrowroot, french bean, chilli, mung bean, broad leaf pumpkin, yam, cowpea and egusi melon), spices (Ginger, turmeric, coriander, fenugreek, black pepper, vanilla, cinnamon and nutmeg) and medicinal plants (Sarpagandha, kalmegh, lesser galangal, satavar and long pepper) can be successfully grown with rubber. However, implementing intercropping systems comes with challenges, including potential adverse effects on rubber growth and yield if not appropriately managed. Farmers must implement good agricultural practices and integrated farming strategies to achieve sustainable economic and ecological benefits from rubber-based intercropping. This includes careful selection of cultivars, optimal planting and spacing, regular maintenance and balanced fertilizer application. This review explored essential intercropping practices and highlighted successful case studies within rubber plantations. While more complex than traditional monocropping, a well-managed intercropping system can provide diverse income sources, improve agro-biodiversity and contribute to more sustainable rubber farming practices.
Expanded carrier screening for 224 monogenic disease genes in 1,499 Chinese couples: a single-center study
Authors: Tan Jianxin , Tan Juan , Jiang Zhu , Shao Binbin , Wang Yan , Zhang Jingjing , Hu Ping , Luo Chunyu , Xu Zhengfeng
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Expanded carrier screening (ECS) is a preventive genetic test that enables couples to know their risk of having a child affected by certain monogenetic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the carrier frequency for rare monogenic diseases in the general Chinese population and the impacts of ECS on their reproductive decisions and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

This single-center study was conducted between September 2022 and April 2023. An ECS panel containing 224 recessive genes was offered to 1,499 Chinese couples from the general population who were at early gestational ages or planned to conceive.

Results

Overall, 55.0 % of the individuals carried for at least one recessive condition. There were 16 autosomal recessive (AR) genes with a carrier frequency of ≥1/100 and 22 AR genes with a carrier frequency of <1/100 to ≥1/200. The most common AR and X-linked diseases were GJB2-related non-syndromic hearing loss, and hemolytic anemia, respectively. Fifty-five couples (3.67 %; 1 in 27.3) were at increased risk of having an affected child with 19 pregnant at the time of testing. Of these, 10 opted for amniocentesis, and four affected pregnancies were identified, with three of them being terminated.

Conclusions

This study not only provides valuable information about the recessive genetic landscape, but also establishes a solid foundation for couple-based ECS in a real clinical setting.
Digital Technology for Literature Revitalization: A Framework for Sindhi Libraries in India
Authors: Wadhwa Soni , Chowdhary Reema
Published: November 2024

Linguistic diversity does not find adequate space in LIS discourses around libraries in India and other regions with similar kinds of linguistic heritage. This study focuses on the state of Sindhi literature in India through a look at the libraries that house the works of Sindhi literary activity in post-Partition India. The objective is to highlight the role of libraries within language revitalization efforts. This study puts forth a five-point framework for digital transformation of Sindhi libraries in India which can help broaden the digital transformation efforts elsewhere in the Global South especially with minor languages and dialects. While the five-point framework is customized to the specific challenges faced by Sindhi regarding its script (and includes designing solutions for OCR, transliteration, and text to speech interaction), its principles could be applied to several other linguistic contexts, especially in the Global South. It, thus, seeks to bring LIS into sharp focus within the social imagination of communities of readers and as speakers of a language, and not just as academic institutions alone.
Wessen Zorn bewegte Israel zum Rückzug?
Authors: Schmitz Tobias
Published: November 2024

Die Wendung ויהי קצף־גדול על־ישׂראל am Ende der Kriegserzählung II Reg 3 (V. 27aβ) mutet reichlich enigmatisch an. Wessen Zorn ist es, der Israel plötzlich zum Rückzug bewegt? Impliziert der Text die moabitische Gottheit Kemosch, Israel selber oder YHWH als Träger der Zornesregung? Der Beitrag schlägt vor, diese oft diskutierte crux interpretum unter Rekurs auf die bislang kaum als solche wahrgenommene Zornesformel היה קצף על zu lösen, die in II Reg 3,27 wie auch an sämtlichen anderen Belegstellen YHWH als nicht explizit markierten Träger der קצף-Regung voraussetzt.
The Great League of Israel?: Historical Scepticism and the Amphictyony Hypothesis in 20th Century Biblical Studies
Authors: Johnson Sophia R.C.
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the social circumstances of 20th-century Biblical Studies surrounding the popularity of the amphictyony hypothesis – comparing tribal Israel to the Greek amphictyony of city states. I argue that this theory allowed scholars to reverse-engineer the importance of the Pentateuch as an early but skewed historical source against German historical scepticism. The »Baltimore School« exemplified such efforts were mainly motivated by Protestant biblicism. The theory broke down because it relied on superficial readings of Classics scholarship and convoluted historical reconstruction.
»Speaking of Job«: A Philological and Exegetical Proposal on Job 42:7–8
Authors: Rogland Max
Published: November 2024

This study proposes a new analysis and translation of Job 42:7–8, focusing on the renderings of the prepositions אל and כ. Understood correctly, these verses indicate that the three friends have spoken falsely, not about God, but Job. In this way they have borne false testimony about Job to God, and it is for this reason that his wrath is kindled against them.
Between Care Work and Factory Work: Raising Awareness of Alienation in West and East German Worker Photography of the 1970s
Authors: Rottmann Kathrin
Published: November 2024

As a central concept of Western Marxist theory, alienation is conceived from the perspective of the male industrial worker, while the predominantly female care worker was given little consideration. The alienation of female workers was first thematized in the women’s movement of the 1970s and even became the focus of both West and East German photography that visualized women as factory and care workers. This essay examines the staging of female workers’ alienation in these images from the perspective of materialist feminism. Further, a critique of representation and analysis of the photographs in their various contexts demonstrate how the (women) workers themselves employed the photographs to raise social awareness of their condition.
Artistic Strategies of Ecological Care Work: Marwa Arsanios, Cecylia Malik, and Diana Lelonek
Authors: Ströbele Ursula
Published: November 2024

In ecofeminist contemporary art, the role of women in patriarchal societies and the paradigm of wounded nature in need of care are closely connected. Referring to Maria Puig de la Bellacasa’s concepts of ecological care and soil time, I explore three artistic strategies by Marwa Arsanios, Cecylia Malik, and Diana Lelonek, dealing with seed conservation, protests against deforestation, and the collective harvesting of post-industrial landscapes. On the basis of these forms of women’s ecological care between mother, land cultivator, caregiver, and “maintenance provider,” it is worth asking which layers of the work are visible. How is the critique of the gendered division of labor expressed and does it go beyond the established narratives of the connection between woman, earth, and fertility
I Like Feminism and Feminism Likes Me
Authors: Wilson Siona
Published: November 2024

When high-end block buster venues are the primary focus of curatorial reflections, even for feminist writers, what does the poor feminist curator have to say? What does curatorial “care work” look like from a different place? One semester the gallery budget was slashed so brutally, we had to give up the insurance. So, I co-wrote a two act play about Joseph Beuys’s first trip to the US, in 1974, when he asked to meet with “American feminists.” I Like Feminism and Feminism Likes Me (2020) was part slapstick, part exaggerated amateur dramatics, part allegorical attack on male charisma in the New York City borough that elected Trump (Staten Island), and part feminist revenge tragedy. In this paper I reanimate the project through the affective scrim of my experience of the Covid-19 pandemic. It is an experiment in teaching and writing art history through the body: mine, theirs, maybe yours as well.
Neural Bases of Proactive and Predictive Processing of Meaningful Subword Units in Speech Comprehension
Authors: Matar Suhail , Marantz Alec
Published: November 2024

To comprehend speech, human brains identify meaningful units, like words, in the speech stream. But whereas the English ‘
She believed him.
’ has three words, the Arabic equivalent ‘
ṣaddaqathu
’ forms one word with three meaningful subword units, called morphemes: a verb stem (‘
ṣaddaqa
’), a subject suffix (‘-
t
-’), and a direct object pronoun (‘-
hu
’). It remains unclear whether and how speech comprehension involves morpheme processing, above and beyond other language units. Here, we propose and test hierarchically nested encoding models of speech comprehension: a
naïve
model with word-, syllable-, and sound-level information; a
bottom-up
model with additional morpheme boundary information; and
predictive
models that process morphemes before these boundaries. We recorded MEG data as 27 participants (16 female) listened to Arabic sentences like ‘
ṣaddaqathu
.
’ A temporal response function analysis revealed that in temporal and left inferior frontal regions,
predictive
models outperform the
bottom-up
model, which outperforms the
naïve
model. Moreover, verb stems were either length-
ambiguous
(e.g., ‘
ṣaddaqa
’ is initially mistakable for the shorter stem ‘
ṣadda
’, meaning ‘
blocked
’) or length-unambiguous (e.g., ‘
qayyama
’, meaning ‘
evaluated
’, cannot be mistaken for a shorter stem) but shared a uniqueness point, beyond which stem identity is disambiguated. Evoked analyses revealed differences between conditions before the uniqueness point, suggesting that, rather than await disambiguation, the brain employs
proactive
predictive strategies, processing accumulated input as soon as any possible stem is identifiable, even if not uniquely. These findings highlight the role of morphemes in speech and the importance of including morpheme-level information in neural and computational models of speech comprehension.
Determination, Estimation of Dietary Intake and Target Hazard Quotients of Heavy Metals in Wines from the Bosnia and Herzegovina Market
Authors: Ramić Emina , Žero Sabina , Memić Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Metals in red and white wines may stem from both natural and anthropogenic sources, with their concentration serving as an important parameter influencing wine consumption. The objective of this study was to determine the metal content in available wine samples from the Bosnia and Herzegovina market. Eight samples of red wine and seven white wine samples were analysed. Cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were determined in these samples given their potential impact on wine quality and thus human health. Metal determination was conducted using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Limit of detection values were calculated using two methods for standard solution preparation, utilising distilled water and 10 % ethanol as blanks. Moreover, a human health risk assessment of trace elements present in wine samples was conducted. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the samples were found to be below the maximum allowed limits according to the regulations set by the International Organization of Vine and Wine, as well as the national regulations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the European Union and Croatia. The content of Cd, Co, Ni, and Pb in all wine samples was below the detection limit of FAAS. The data obtained indicated that consuming 250 ml of wine samples appeared to be safe regarding the health risk associated with the potentially toxic metal intake. However, consumers should remain aware of other potential risks associated with excessive wine consumption. Regarding winemakers and the wine industry, to reduce the metal content in wine, monitoring of metal content should extend beyond just the grapes to include soil, air quality at the vineyard locations, and at different stages of the winemaking process since metal content in wine has an impact on the sensory attributes and overall quality of the wine.
Neem Oil
Authors: Tecim Gelen Tuğba , Demirci Tuba , Gezerman Ahmet Ozan , Atun Murat , Akbay Seyma , Tümük Didem , Avşar Cemre , Bay Didem Değirmenbaşı , Yetgin Ali , Akelmas Nadide Miray , Serimer Neslihan
Published: November 2024

Sustainable agricultural practices are increasingly important to meet the food demands of the growing world population. The most important aspect of sustainable agriculture involves gradually abandoning synthetic and harmful pesticides, and switching to natural and soil-friendly practices. Neem oil, derived from the seeds of the neem tree primarily found in India, contains the active ingredient azadirachtin. Azadirachtin serves as a pesticide against harmful insects, especially in agriculture. Its widespread utilisation stems from its benign impact on living organisms, including humans, animals and plants. This review discusses the effects of neem oil on living organisms in soil, followed by the discussion of both qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques for measuring neem oil. Additionally, the environmental effects of neem oil in agriculture are discussed in relation to the current regulations and initiatives by environmental protection organisations.
La ‘consumación subjetiva anticipada’ del robo con fractura interna (y los riesgos de la copypasteprudencia )
Authors: Dopico Gómez-Aller Jacobo
Published: November 2024

En la jurisprudencia sobre robo con fractura interna nos encontramos con una afirmación sorprendente: que para la consumación del robo no hace falta que el sujeto activo efectivamente ejerza la fuerza en las cosas, sino que basta con que sustraiga el receptáculo que contiene la cosa, siempre que en el plano subjetivo tenga la intención de ejercer posteriormente la fuerza sobre dicho receptáculo (es decir: que la consumación en el robo con fractura interna no requiere que se den todos los elementos del tipo objetivo, sino que basta que se den algunos de ellos y la intención de realizar los restantes: lo que esta línea denomina “consumación subjetiva anticipada”). Esta interpretación carece de apoyo en el Derecho positivo vigente, y para entender su origen es necesario atender a dos factores: por una parte, a la evolución histórica del tipo de robo con fuerza en las cosas. Por otra, a una mala praxis en la motivación de sentencias consistente en un uso abusivo o inadecuado del “cortapega” jurisprudencial (que denomino “copypasteprudencia”), que en este caso ha conducido a un claro apartamiento de lo dispuesto por el Código Penal. El artículo concluye con algunas consideraciones adicionales sobre esta mala praxis y la necesidad de revertirla.
The right of an JSC and LLC member to receiving dividends: court practice
Authors: Vintoniak N.D.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to analyzing court practice regarding the right of an JSC and LLC member to receiving dividends. Relevance of the current research is dictated by the fact that the right to receiving dividends is one of the key corporate rights of a company member as it is of property interest, since each member makes a predetermined contribution in order to receive future gains. Upon completing the research, it has been concluded that the right of a member to receiving dividends within the terms set up at the general shareholders meeting is unconditional. The law does not envisage the need for a company member to submit a statement for receiving the dividend payout if the decision has been made at the general shareholders meeting. Dividend payout is a liability of a company therefore the company is liable to fulfill the aforementioned obligation.If a dispute is to arise about dividend payout or the dividend payout is past due, the decision is made in favor of a company member. Failure to pay the dividends when due is regarded as monetary breach. Meaning, a company member whose dividend payment is past due can demand to be paid an amount that also includes interest and inflation rate.The analyses of the court decisions indicates that company members do not have the right to cancel previous decisions about dividend payout to a member who had withdrawn from a company, since cancelling such a decision by currant company members is regarded as abuse of rights.In general, the courts conclude that violation of a company member’s right to receiving dividends equals violating the right to property.
Criteria for the classification of punishments
Authors: Mergel M.R.
Published: November 2024

The scientific article presents an analysis of the criteria established in the current legislation of Ukraine and existing in the legal literature for distinguishing certain types of punishments.It has been established that the types of punishments provided for in the criminal law are fixed not in a chaotic order, but depending on the degree of their severity, and thus constitute a system of punishments. In addition, the criminal legislation deals with basic and additional punishments. So, punishments are divided into those that can be applied: 1) only as main ones; 2) only as additional; 3) as main and as additional.The following criteria for the division of punishments are distinguished, on the basis of which it is permissible to allocate separate groups of punishments: by term: 1) term; 2) indefinite and 3) one-moment or one-act, without defining the term; in relation to isolation from society: 1) associated with isolation from society and 2) not associated with isolation from society; according to the subject to which they apply: 1) general and 2) special, etc.Particular attention is focused on the classification of punishments according to the nature of the rights restrictions that the convicted person experiences as a result of their application. According to this criterion, punishment is divided into the following groups: those that exert moral and psychological influence; those that limit work capacity; those that limit ownership; those that limit personal freedom.The article emphasizes that it is permissible to classify punishments according to such criteria as: depending on the admissibility of their application to minors; depending on the possibility of applying parole from serving them; in connection with the punishment with or without the use of forced labor of the convicted person; according to the degree of strictness of regime restrictions; considering the possibility of replacing punishment with other types of punishment. It was concluded that the list of criteria outlined above for the classification of punishments is endowed with a non-exhaustive nature and can be expanded. At the same time, it is emphasized that different classification criteria play different legal roles (meanings) in the mechanism of combating crime (criminal-legal, criminal-executive, criminological), which once again testifies to the multifaceted nature of the institution of punishment
On the question of the functions of the Regulation of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine: an attempt at theoretical and legal systematization
Authors: Linetskyi Serhiy
Published: November 2024

The proposed article provides a theoretical and legal generalization of the functions of the Regulation of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Under them, it is proposed to understand the main directions and types of influence of this Regulation on the work order of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, its bodies and officials, on the principles of formation, organization of activity and termination of the activity of deputy factions (deputy groups) in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, on the principles of formation, organization of activity and the termination of the coalition of deputy factions in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as well as the procedure for preparing and conducting sessions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, its meetings, the formation of state bodies, the definition of the legislative procedure, the procedures for consideration of other issues assigned to its powers, and the procedure for the exercise of control functions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. It is found that the functions of the Regulation are characterized by a number of features that reflect its legal nature, direction, constitutional role and significance in the system of legislative acts of the state, these features are highlighted. It is proven that, taking into account the specificity of the constitutional role and the object of influence of the Regulation, it simultaneously performs four groups of functions: 1) general social (political, social, ideological, financial and economic, informational, communicative) and legal, and the latter are structurally differentiated into general legal, special-legal and specific-legal; 2) common law - those that are implemented by each normative legal act of higher legal force (law); 3) special legal ones - those that are implemented by every law belonging to the field of constitutional law; 4) specific-legal - those that are implemented by this legislative act, based on the specificity and uniqueness of its object. The specific legal functions of the Regulation include: 1) organizing; 2) functions ensuring the official role of the Regulation in relation to the Constitution; 3) regulatory and security; 4) institutional or organizational; 5) competent; 6) the function of ensuring parliamentary consensus; 7) the function of guaranteeing parliamentary continuity; 8) disciplinary (jurisdictional); 9) legitimization; 10) resource provision; 11) guarantor; 12) administrative; 13) constitutional and procedural.
Peculiarities of the subject of the contract for the sale of future real estate object
Authors: Davydovych Andriy
Published: November 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the subject matter of a new contract for the sale of future real estate and its qualifying features. The author emphasizes that the new contractual structure, as well as the specifics of obligations in this area, have not yet been studied by representatives of the national scientific community.The main attention is paid to the characteristics of the subject of the contract. The author proves that it is appropriate to consider the combination of actions and the object of their influence as the subject of the contract under study, which in its totality helps to fully demonstrate the content of the obligation and understand the orientation of the interests of the subjects of the transaction.The article also examines other peculiarities of the subject of the specified sales, which are due to the specificity of its object contract. According to the analysis of the future real estate object’s marketability and the legislatively enshrined general mechanisms for acquiring the right of ownership, the author proposes to amend Article 13 of Law No. 2518-IX by excluding the provision on the seller’s provision of transfer of the real estate object to the buyer after commissioning of the completed construction object.The author concludes that the subject of the contract under study is both the actions performed by the parties in the process of execution of the transaction and the object of their influence which tends to change depending on the stage of performance, and the legally enshrined name of the transaction under study does not mean that all traditional, mandatory attributes of a sale and purchase agreement are extended to obligations regarding the future real estate object.
Identidad del profesorado y la Formación Integral en Educación Superior
Authors: Gómez Torres Francisco Hernando , Bedoya Gallego Nelson Iván , Romero Neisa William Harold , Castro Gutiérrez Gelber Yesid
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study was to make a reflection on the position of teachers in higher education in relation to the comprehensive formation. Through a document review on the professional identity of teachers and the comprehensive formation, we found that is possible from the perspective of the studies related to the characterization of the professional identity of the teacher and components beliefs, feelings and roles, to make an approach to the place of the facets to the comprehensive formation that we propose: axiological and ethics training, professional discipline, the aptitude and emotional education, resulting novel the latter dimension. In synthesis, this perspective presents a panorama for understanding preferences in teaching and teachers’ representations that facilitate or hinder the development of processes related to the comprehensive formation.