bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary or Delayed Repair for Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect, Tetralogy of Fallot, and Ventricular Septal Defect: Relationship to Country Economic Status
Authors: Bateson Brian P. , Deng Luqin , Ange Brittany , Austin Erle , Dabal Robert , Bowser Taylor , Pennington John , Sivakumar Sivalingam , Lee Cheul , Truong Nguyen Ly Thinh , Jacobs Jeffery , Cervantes Jorge , Jagannath B.R. , Jonas Richard A. , Kirklin James K. , St.Louis James
Published: October 2023

Objective

Primary repair in the first six months of life is routine for tetralogy of Fallot, complete atrioventricular septal defect, and ventricular septal defect in high-income countries. The objective of this analysis was to understand the utilization and outcomes of palliative and reparative procedures in high versus middle-income countries.

Methods

The World Database of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery identified patients who underwent surgery for: tetralogy of Fallot, complete atrioventricular septal defect, and ventricular septal defect. Patients were categorized as undergoing primary repair, repair after prior palliation, or palliation only. Country economic status was categorized as lower middle, upper middle, and high, defined by the World Bank. Multiple logistic regression models were utilized to identify independent predictors of hospital mortality.

Results

Economic categories included high (n = 571, 5.3%), upper middle (n = 5,342, 50%), and lower middle (n = 4,793, 49.7%). The proportion of patients and median age with primary repair were: tetralogy of Fallot, 88.6%, 17.7 months; complete atrioventricular septal defect, 83.4%, 7.7 months; and ventricular septal defect, 97.1%, ten months. Age at repair was younger in high income countries ( P < .0001). Overall mortality after repair was lowest in high income countries. Risk factors for hospital mortality included prematurity, genetic syndromes, and urgent or emergent operations (all P < .05).

Conclusions

Primary repair was selected in >90% of patients, but definitive repair was delayed in lower and upper middle income countries compared with high-income countries. Repair after prior palliation versus primary repair was not a risk factor for hospital mortality. Initial palliation continues to have a small but important role in the management of these three specific congenital heart defects.
Sustainability Practices and Financial Profitability: The Case of the World’s Top 20 Crude Palm Oil Producers
Authors: Shahimi Shahida , B.A.M. Hafizuddin-Syah , S.F. Hanisah
Published: October 2023

Sustainability certifications have been introduced for the palm oil industry to ensure its sustainable operation and the production of highly demanded palm oil. At present, there are several sustainability certifications in the market, namely the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO), and the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) certifications. As the crude palm oil (CPO) becomes the largest product been produced and exported in the palm oil industry, it is assumed that the major CPO producers would adhere to the call for sustainability practices by producing certified palm oil. However, the additional cost of acquiring sustainability certification might hinder them from doing so. Besides, it is unclear on the effect of these certifications on firm profitability since there are very few studies have provided quantitative evidence empirical research focuses specifically on the sustainability certification in palm oil industry context. Thus, this intends to fill this gap by examining the effect of local, that is, MSPO or ISPO and international, that is, RSPO certifications on the financial profitability of the world’s top 20 CPO producers which comprises of the leading global palm oil companies based in Malaysia and Indonesia for the period of 2013 to 2018. General Least Regression is employed due to the problems of non-normality of data, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation. The main variable under investigation in this study is RSPO, MSPO, and ISPO, proxied by dummy variable. The results showed no significant difference in profitability of locally certified and non-certified CPO producers. Meanwhile, CPO producers with international certification, that is, RSPO recorded reduced profitability of 5% compared to locally certified producers. Hence, the adverse effect of sustainability certifications calls for intervention from both Malaysian and Indonesian governments as well as palm oil authorities in the respective countries, for example, introduction of tax incentives and/or subsidies to compensate for the reduced profitability and the cost of certification.
Productivity Impacts of Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence From Africa and South America
Authors: Duvvury Nata , Vara-Horna Arístides , Brendel Christine , Chadha Mrinal
Published: October 2023

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and girls is recognized as a human rights problem with little understanding of its ripple effects on the workplace. While the literature has attempted to understand the impacts of IPV on the workplace in high-income countries, relatively, literature on low and middle-income countries is very scant. Using primary survey data collected from 16,921 workers in 257 businesses in Ghana, South Sudan, Bolivia, and Paraguay, this is the largest ever study of its kind that highlights the invisible costs businesses incur due to IPV experienced by female employees. IPV’s economic impact on labor productivity is based on tardiness, absenteeism, and presenteeism. Unlike the common perception that violence affects only the survivors, this study also estimates the effects on perpetrators. The results show that IPV exists in all the businesses surveyed, leading to enormous productivity losses due to both the experience and perpetration of IPV.
Hearing Loss in the Elderly: A Proposal for Intervention in Primary Health Care
Authors: Oliveira Débora Conceição Santos de , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart , Ramos Michelle de Santana Xavier , Fonseca Ana Lucia Barreto da , Marques Adan Araújo , Hintz Alexandre Marcelo , Rabelo Doris Firmino , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Cruz Simone Seixas da
Published: October 2023

To evaluate the performance of professionals regarding knowledge about hearing loss in the elderly, through theoretical and practical training by a speech therapist. An intervention study was carried out with 87 Primary Health Care professionals in a municipality of Brazil. A survey of the participants’ knowledge related to hearing loss was performed using a data collection instrument composed of items related to both sociodemographic conditions and specific questions concerning the topic. This instrument was applied in two stages: before training and after training. The participants’ performance in relation to knowledge about hearing health was estimated by subtracting the post-training score from that obtained in pre-training. Participants were classified in higher performance (≥4 points) and lower performance (<4 points) groups. Other variables were collected: sex, age, occupation, schooling level, and length of professional service in health. The performance comparison estimated mean and the 95% confidence interval were calculated by the aforementioned variables using Student’s t-test. A comparison of these variables with higher performance was conducted using the X2 test with a significance level of 5%. After training, there was an increase in the average performance of about 30% ( p < .01). The highest performance was more frequent among professionals who reported having high school and below levels of education ( p < .01) and who were community health agents ( p = .01). The performance of the professionals regarding their knowledge about screening for hearing loss increased. The training showed low complexity and was feasible for health professionals.
Why live anywhere else? A hyperlocal reflection on displacement, dislocation and ‘aversive racism’
Authors: White Joy
Published: October 2023

In displacement beyond dislocation: Aversive racism in gentrification studies, Stefano Bloch and Dugan Meyers analyse how displacement in gentrification studies has been conceptualised. Following a critical examination of the literature, they argue for a more theoretically nuanced concept of how racism takes place. In doing so, they suggest that the role of racism has been under-acknowledged in studies on the processes of gentrification, making the point that geographers have been reluctant to talk about race. Outlining a concept of aversive racism – ‘an insidious mode of affective spatial practice’, they illustrate how place-making, and place-taking function through ambivalent racial encounters. I want to think through these important points, using my work on gentrification in Newham as a starting point.
Genetic correlation for alcohol consumption between Europeans and East Asians
Authors: Liu Xuan , Li Yongang
Published: October 2023

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genetic variants associated with alcohol consumption in Europeans and East Asians, as well as other populations. However, the genetic homogeneity and heterogeneity between these populations have not been thoroughly investigated, despite evidence of varying effect sizes of variants between ethnicities and the presence of population-specific strong signals of selection on loci associated with alcohol consumption. In order to better understand the relationship between Europeans and East Asians in the genetic architecture of alcohol consumption, we compared their heritability and evaluated their genetic correlation using GWAS results from UK Biobank (UKB) and Biobank Japan (BBJ). We found that these two populations have low genetic correlation due to the large difference on chromosome 12. After excluding this chromosome, the genetic correlation was moderately high ($${r}_{g}$$ = 0.544, p = 1.12e-4) and 44.31% of the genome-wide causal variants were inferred to be shared between Europeans and East Asians. Given those observations, we conducted a meta-analysis on UKB and BBJ and identified new signals, including the CADM2 gene on chromosome 3, which has been associated with various behavioral and metabolic traits. Overall, our findings suggest that the genetic architecture of alcohol consumption is largely shared between Europeans and East Asians, but there are exceptions such as the enrichment of heritability on chromosome 12 in East Asians.
Changes in fish resources 5 years after implementation of the 10-year fishing ban in the Chishui River, the first river with a complete fishing ban in the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Liu Fei , Wang Zixin , Xia Zhijun , Wang Jianwei , Liu Huanzhang
Published: October 2023

Background

To rehabilitate the depleted fish resources of the Yangtze River Basin, China, a 10-year fishing ban has been implemented. This national initiative has attracted worldwide attention. The present study aimed to explore the ecological process and recovery effectiveness of this complete fishing ban in the Chishui River, the first river where the fishing ban was enacted in the Yangtze River Basin. Changes in fish resources were analyzed based on investigations conducted 5 years before (2012–2016) and 5 years after (2017–2021) the implementation of the fishing ban in four reaches along the longitudinal gradient.

Results

A total of 140 fish species, including 127 native and 13 exotic species, were collected during the study period. The number of fish species as well as the diversity indices showed no significant temporal changes. However, 11 native species that had disappeared for many years appeared again after the fishing ban. The occurrence rates of some key protected species, Procypris rabaudi, Acipenser dabryanus, Euchiloglanis davidi and Myxocyprinus asiaticus, increased after the fishing ban, while Coreius guichenoti, Percocypris pingi, Onychostoma angustistomata and Leptobotia rubrilabris showed no obvious recovery. The fish assemblage structure in nearly all reaches (except the headwater) showed significant temporal changes with an increase in the relative abundance of larger body-sized species. The population structure of most dominant species improved greatly with the mean standard length and the mean body weight as well as the proportion of larger-sized individuals clearly increasing. In addition, the density of fishes changed dramatically with the catch per unit effort (CPUE) increasing by 140–210% for different study reaches.

Conclusions

The present study confirmed that the complete fishing closure is an effective measure to facilitate fish resources recovery. These results provide valuable references for evaluating the effectiveness of the 10-year fishing ban policy in the entire Yangtze River.
Safety and feasibility of sutureless pars-plana vitrectomy in sub-Tenon anesthesia (SAFE-VISA): a prospective study
Authors: Lohmann Tibor , Baumgarten Sabine , Prinz Julia , Walter Peter , Koutsonas Antonis
Published: October 2023

Background

To determine the safety and feasibility of sutureless pars-plana vitrectomy (ppV) in sub-Tenon anesthesia.

Methods

In this prospective study. Pain and anxiety at various times after ppV using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and Wong-Baker-FACES scale as well as visual sensations during surgery were investigated. The surgeon evaluated motility, chemosis, overall feasibility.

Results

ppV was performed on 67 eyes (33 sub-Tenon anesthesia, 34 general anesthesia). Pain during surgery in sub-Tenon anesthesia was 1.8 ± 2.2 (0.0–8.0), anxiety was 2.3 ± 2.2 (0.0–8.5). There was a moderate correlation between pain and anxiety (R2 = 0.58). Comparing sub-Tenon and general anesthesia no difference in pain perception was found the day after surgery. 27.3% of patients saw details, 21.2% saw colors, 90.1% saw light/motion perception, 3.0% had no light perception. Median chemosis after surgery was 1.0 (IQR = 1.0). Median motility of the eye during surgery was 1.0 (IQR = 1.0), median grade was 1.0 (IQR = 1.0). 24.2% of patients showed subconjunctival hemorrhage during or after surgery.

Conclusions

Sutureless pars-plana vitrectomy in sub-Tenon anesthesia was performed safely, with pain and anxiety levels tolerable for the patients and without the necessity for presence of an anesthesiologist. With 88.9% of patients willing to undergo vitreoretinal surgery in sub-Tenon anesthesia again, we recommend it as a standard option.

Trial registration This study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Board of the RWTH Aachen University (EK 111/19). This study is listed on clinicaltrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04257188, February 5th 2020).
Young-onset Alzheimer’s dementia mimicking progressive myoclonic epilepsy spectrum
Authors: Mahale Rohan , Arunachal Gautam , Dutta Debayan , Venkatachalam N. , Padmanabha Hansashree
Published: October 2023

Background

Young-onset Alzheimer’s dementia (YOAD) refers to the onset of disease before the age of 40 years. Classical AD typically presents with memory impairment with involvement of other cognitive domains like language, visuospatial orientation. On contrary, YOAD shows phenotypic heterogeneity in the form of predominant psychiatric disturbances apart from dementia and rarely seizures, cerebellar ataxia. We report a 36-year-old lady with dementia, myoclonus, seizures and cerebellar ataxia of 3 year duration mimicking progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) spectrum who had novel missense mutation in PSEN1 gene (L226F) suggestive of YOAD.

Case presentation

A 36-year-old lady presented with seizures in the form of generalized tonic–clonic seizures of 3 year duration followed by multifocal myoclonic jerks, cognitive decline of 2 year duration and imbalance while walking of 1 year duration. Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA) score was 6/30. Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination III (ACE-III) score was 16/100. The mental status examination showed diffuse impairment of lobar functions. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. Skin biopsy did not show Lafora bodies or dermal inclusions on electron microscopy. Whole exome sequencing showed pathogenic missense variant NM_000021.4(PSEN1):c.676C > T (p.Leu226Phe) in PSEN1 gene suggestive of YOAD.

Conclusions

YOAD due to PSEN1 mutation has to be considered in patients with cerebellar ataxia, seizures, myoclonus, dementia with psychiatric disturbances. This case highlights the high index of suspicion for differential diagnosis of YOAD in patients with young-onset dementia with ataxia, seizures and myoclonus.
An overview of the status, productivity and determinants of improved forage technology adoption in Ethiopia: a review
Authors: Tesfaye Mamaru , Tessema Lemma
Published: October 2023

In Ethiopia, the adoption of improved forage technology is low despite the fact that improved technology adoption can play a pivotal role in boosting livestock production and productivity in general and the dairy sub-sector in particular, thereby contributing to poverty reduction and food and nutrition security. This low adoption of improved forage technology is constrained by various socioeconomic, institutional, and biophysical factors. We conducted a literature search on the reputable journal database by searching for “improved forage technology”, “determinants of forage technology”, “adoption”, “status of forage production in Ethiopia”, and “forage production limitations”. Moreover, we conducted a literature search on key national-level research institutions, the Ethiopian Society of Animal Production Proceedings, the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia, and conference proceedings and abstracts of societies and other relevant databases related to our keywords. This review article, therefore, highlights important issues that potentially constrain farmers` improved forage technology adoption and implementation in Ethiopia. Previous empirical study findings, analyzing the determinants of forage production technology adoption underscored that economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, and institutional factors are the most important determinants of improved forage technology adoption and diffusion. Generally, to intensify the likelihood of the adoption of improved forage technologies, policymakers and concerned stakeholders should focus on strengthening the research-extension-farmers (R-E-F) linkage, adult education, and capacity building, coaching farmers to access improved forage seeds, information on forage husbandry and feeding, strengthening extension systems as well as capabilities which can improve the livelihoods of smallholder dairy farmers. Finally, the technology developer should incorporate the needs and perceptions of farmers through technology design and development; and consider the key demand and supply side during technology development, which enhances the adoption of the technology more easily. Therefore, our empirical review highlights the importance of addressing the aforementioned technology adoption constraints to improve the adoption and diffusion of improved forage technologies. This in turn, would help to improve the livelihoods of rural smallholder dairy farmers.
Kashmiri Futures
Authors: Junaid Mohamad , Misri Deepti , Zia Ather
Published: October 2023

This special issue inaugurates a scholarly and creative conversation that seeks to detach the future of Kashmir from the narrative, aesthetic, and political frames of powerful nation-states that have sought to keep Kashmiris confined to a long and seemingly enduring colonial present. It seeks, moreover, to inspire radical imaginations of possible futures in danger of foreclosure by occupying states, and asks us to think about occupation as a temporal as well as spatial regime.
Notes on Kashmiri Visualities
Authors: Zehra Ifsha
Published: October 2023

This essay explores the various modes of visualities and visual production in Kashmir. It begins with mapping the existing state visualities that use hypervisibilization, victimization, criminalization, and depoliticization as modalities to represent Kashmir. In recent years, long-standing counternarratives to these representations have met with increasing repression, engendering a visual stagnancy. Earlier, countervisuals by photojournalists confronted state visualities by directing the gaze toward Kashmiri bodies. This essay argues that the repeated production and circulation of these realistic images have also reached a point of visual fatigue. At this juncture of a seeming visual impossibility, the essay proposes creative configurations and visual imaginaries through artistic visioning as a means to continue the work of visual production.
Decolonial Futures
Authors: Caronan Faye , Avalos Natalie , Minami Kealohilani , Sarmiento Meta , Wahdan Reema , Zia Ather , Upadhyay Nishant
Published: October 2023

This roundtable showcases how different Asian, Pacific Islander, and Indigenous communities in Colorado are fighting for sovereignty of their homelands. It reorients the question of “homelands” to highlight the experiences of communities whose homelands remain occupied by settler-colonial and imperial nation-states, like the United States, India, Israel, and China. Participants speak to the struggles of sovereignty of their communities and communities they work with, unsettling epistemological frameworks to disrupt normative understandings of home, migration, and diaspora.
Vertebral Compression Fracture After Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: The Role of Vertebral Endplate Disruption
Authors: Dibs Khaled , Facer Benjin , Mageswaran Prasath , Raval Raju , Thomas Evan , Gogineni Emile , Beyer Sasha , Pan Jeff , Klamer Brett , Ayan Ahmet , Bourekas Eric , Boulter Daniel , Fetko Nicholas , Cochran Eric , Zoller Ian , Chakravarthy Vikram , Tili Esmerina , Elder J. Bradley , Lonser Russel , Elguindy Ahmed , Soghrati Soheil , Marras William , Grecula John , Chakravarti Arnab , Palmer Joshua , Blakaj Dukagjin M.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is a common, but serious toxicity of spinal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Several variables that place patients at high risk of VCF have previously been identified, including advanced Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), a widely adopted clinical decision criterion to assess spinal instability. We examine the role of tumoral endplate (EP) disruption in the risk of VCF and attempt to incorporate it into a simple risk stratification system.

METHODS:

This study was a retrospective cohort study from a single institution. Demographic and treatment information was collected for patients who received spinal SBRT between 2013 and 2019. EP disruption was noted on pre-SBRT computed tomography scan. The primary end point of 1-year cumulative incidence of VCF was assessed on follow-up MRI and computed tomography scans at 3-month intervals after treatment.

RESULTS:

A total of 111 patients were included. The median follow-up was 18 months. Approximately 48 patients (43%) had at least one EP disruption. Twenty patients (18%) experienced a VCF at a median of 5.2 months from SBRT. Patients with at least one EP disruption were more likely to experience VCF than those with no EP disruption (29% vs 6%, P < .001). A nomogram was created using the variables of EP disruption, a SINS of ≥7, and adverse histology. Patients were stratified into groups at low and high risk of VCF, which were associated with 2% and 38% risk of VCF (P < .001).

CONCLUSION:

EP disruption is a novel risk factor for VCF in patients who will undergo spinal SBRT. A simple nomogram incorporating EP disruption, adverse histology, and SINS score is effective for quickly assessing risk of VCF. These data require validation in prospective studies and could be helpful in counseling patients regarding VCF risk and referring for prophylactic interventions in high-risk populations.
Η επιχειρηματολογία των διαλόγων του προφήτη Ιερεμία με τον λαό.
Authors: Μισιάκα Χριστίνα
Published: October 2023

Η διδακτορική διατριβή έχει ως αντικείμενο την ανάλυση της επιχειρηματολογίας στο βιβλίο του προφήτη Ιερεμία βάσει της Πραγματολογικής Διαλεκτικής ερμηνευτικής μεθόδου. Πρόκειται για μία νέα γλωσσολογική και φιλολογική μέθοδο για τη διερεύνηση του σύγχρονου εκφερόμενου λόγου με εφαρμογή σε ποικίλα επίπεδα. Έχει εισαχθεί και υποστηριχθεί από τους Frans H. van Eemeren και Rob Grootendorst, ενώ το θεωρητικό της υπόβαθρο συνεχίζει να εμπλουτίζεται. Η Πραγματολογική Διαλεκτική μέθοδος λόγω της ευελιξίας των αρχών και των κανόνων της, μπορεί να εφαρμοστεί σε ευρύ φάσμα επιχειρηματολογικού λόγου. Ξεχωριστή πρόκληση αποτελεί η εφαρμογή της στο βιβλικό κείμενο και δη στον προφητικό λόγο, διότι είναι η πρώτη σχεδόν προσπάθεια στη σύγχρονη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία. Το βιβλίο του προφήτη Ιερεμία εμφανίζεται ιδιαίτερα πρόσφορο προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση, καθώς περιλαμβάνει σε σημαντικό τμήμα του διαλογικά μέρη. Η διαλεκτική του προφήτη αισθητοποιείται μέσω της επιχειρηματολογίας που χρησιμοποιεί για να μεταφέρει το μήνυμα του Θεού προς το λαό. Αρχικός στόχος της ερευνητικής μας προσπάθειας ορίζεται η ανάδειξη του επιχειρηματολογικού λόγου από την πλευρά του προφήτη καθώς και των επιχειρημάτων που αντιτάσσει ο λαός. Αυτό γίνεται με τον εντοπισμό, ανάλυση, και αξιολόγηση συγκεκριμένων επιχειρηματολογικών ενοτήτων με χρήση των μεθοδολογικών εργαλείων που προσφέρει η Πραγματολογική Διαλεκτική. Επιπλέον, θα εξετάσουμε εάν και κατά πόσο επιτυγχάνεται η πειθώ. Απώτερος στόχος της διατριβής είναι να διαπιστωθεί εάν η εφαρμογή της μεθόδου είναι πρόσφορη ή το αντίθετο για την κατανόηση ιστορικών κειμένων και εν προκειμένω για τον προφητικό λόγο της Π. Διαθήκης.
Increasing security and resilience in cyber-physical processes of critical infrastructures
Authors: Δεδούσης Παναγιώτης
Published: October 2023

Η σύγχρονη κοινωνία και η εθνική ευημερία εξαρτώνται σε μεγάλο βαθμό από τις Κρίσιμες Υποδομές (ΚΥ). Ωστόσο, σημαντικά ζητήματα ασφάλειας και αξιοπιστίας αποτελούν τροχοπέδη στη λειτουργία τους. Αυτή η διατριβή επικεντρώνεται στη δημιουργία νέων και καινοτόμων εργαλείων και μεθοδολογιών για την ανάλυση της επικινδυνότητας σε δίκτυα γράφων με σκοπό τη βελτίωση της Ασφάλειας και της Ανθεκτικότητας των ΚΥ.Αρχικά, προτείναμε μια μέθοδο που αυτοματοποιεί την ανάλυση των αλληλεξαρτήσεων αγαθών που υποστηρίζουν επιχειρηματικές διαδικασίες σε δίκτυα ΚΥ με σκοπό τη μείωση της επικινδυνότητας απέναντι σε κυβερνοαπειλές. Επιπλέον, προτείναμε μια μέθοδο για την αυτόματη ανάλυση σύνθετων γράφων επιθέσεων σε υποδομές νέφους, που μπορεί να εντοπίζει κρίσιμες ευπάθειες για το υπό μελέτη σύστημα.Αναπτύξαμε μια αυτοματοποιημένη μέθοδο που αξιοποιεί την εξόρυξη δεδομένων από αρχεία καταγραφής συμβάντων ενός πληροφοριακού συστήματος για τη διεξαγωγή ταχύτερων και πιο εμπεριστατωμένων Αποτιμήσεων Επικινδυνότητας. Η αποτελεσματική παρακολούθηση των επιφανειών επίθεσης των ΚΥ είναι ζωτικής σημασίας. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, η προσέγγισή μας για τη διαδικασία εξόρυξης δεδομένων αναγνωρίζει απροσδόκητους διανυσματικούς επιθετικούς τομείς εντός των επιχειρηματικών διαδικασιών. Επιπλέον, αναπτύξαμε μια τεχνική δικτυακής επίθεσης (bit-masking) που επιτρέπει την κακόβουλη αμφίδρομη επικοινωνία, η οποία αποκαλύπτει ελαττώματα ασφαλείας στις λύσεις ασφαλείας και υπογραμμίζει την ανάγκη για προηγμένη πρόληψη των απειλών.Τα δίκτυα αεροπορικών μεταφορών παίζουν κρίσιμο ρόλο στις λειτουργίες των ΚΥ. Προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, παρουσιάσαμε μια μέθοδο βασισμένη στην επικινδυνότητα για την ανάλυση των αλληλεξαρτήσεων και των συμφορήσεων στο αεροπορικό δίκτυο, με σκοπό την διασφάλιση της ανθεκτικότητας των δικτύων αεροπορίας.Για να ενισχύσουμε την ανθεκτικότητα των Κυβερνο-Φυσικών Συστημάτων, προτείναμε ένα πλαίσιο που ενσωματώνει αρχές ασφάλειας και ανθεκτικότητας στον σχεδιασμό βιομηχανικών συστημάτων. Τέλος, παρουσιάσαμε μια μέθοδο που συνδυάζει και εφαρμόζει τις έννοιες των Digital twins και του Chaos Engineering σε βιομηχανικές εγκαταστάσεις και τις υποκείμενες διαδικασίες τους για τη δημιουργία μοντέλων με στόχο τη μελέτη και τη βελτίωση της ανθεκτικότητάς τους.
Potential impact of artificial intelligence on the emerging world order
Authors: Vijayakumar Anupama
Published: October 2023

The fast-paced diffusion of technologies broadly falling under the umbrella of artificial intelligence (AI) is said to be shaping the emerging world order in international relations (IR). It is expected that the global AI race will pave the way for another rise and fall of great powers in the international system, similar to the impact caused by the three industrial revolutions of the past. The literature in IR identifies three major powers – namely, the United States of America (USA), China, and Russia, as the leading contenders in this AI race. The ongoing AI-enabled fourth industrial revolution is all the more unique due to the markedly different approaches these three powers have adopted for integrating AI into their military, political, and socio-economic spheres. The AI strategies of these countries further reflect their capabilities and intentions towards how they plan on employing the technology to elevate their prestige and power status in the international system. This paper draws from a historiography of the First, Second, and Third Industrial Revolutions to study how technological innovations have altered relative power capabilities of nations, triggering a re-ordering of power hierarchies at a systemic level. Drawing from this understanding, it analyses the nature of AI as an emerging technology and assesses whether it can cause systemic alterations. It critically examines and compares the AI strategies of the USA, China, and Russia as leading contenders in the global AI race and outlines their strengths and weaknesses. It further draws from the Adoption Capacity Theory to argue that the AI race may well be determined by the relative capacity of the major institutions in each of these countries to manage and adapt to the disruptions this technology is bound to bring to the fore.
Impact of drainage catheter material, size, and anti-dislodgement mechanism on percutaneous nephrostomy exchange intervals: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Iyer Deepak , Konstantinidis Menelaos , Li Hanzhou , Bercu Zachary , Moon John
Published: October 2023

Background: Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is a commonly performed procedure by interventional radiology and urology to treat urinary obstruction. In this procedure, a catheter is percutaneously placed into the renal pelvis for urinary diversion or hemorrhagic cystitis. Material type, catheter size, and catheter shape (anti-dislodgement feature) ultimately contribute to the inherent traits of longevity in drainage catheter device. Reviewing the relative strengths or weaknesses of products in the existing clinical market may help clinicians critically appraise the devices they use with evidence-based findings from this review. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the relative strengths and weaknesses of existing devices may help inform the next generation of drainage catheter devices to prolong the interval between exchanges without detriment to patient safety.

Methods: The following electronic databases will be queried: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane from their inception to January 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies to investigate the differences that our interventions of catheter material, size, and dislodgement mechanism will have on the exchange interval (standard of care 90 days vs. 60 days vs. 45 days vs. 30 days). The primary outcomes will be the drainage catheter exchange frequency.

Ethics and dissemination: We aim to share our findings through high-impact peer reviewed journals. As drainage catheters and minimally invasive interventional radiology procedures become more popular, it is important for healthcare providers taking case of these populations to understand which variables might optimize patient care and minimize emergent exchanges. Data will be made available to readers.

Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42023432788, 16 June 2023).
Developing an integrated performance management and measurement system in healthcare organisations: a Canadian case study
Authors: Ben Fradj Anes , El Asli Neila , Boukherroub Tasseda , Olivier Claude
Published: October 2023

This study proposes a performance management and measurement system for a large healthcare organisation. First, data is collected to analyse and understand the current performance management system. Second, the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) method is used to identify the main aspects of the performance management system to be improved. Third, based on the scientific literature and SWOT analysis, BSC principles are integrated to this performance management system to better align the organisation’s performance objectives and indicators with its strategy. Finally, we develop a performance indicator structure and specify indicators to be used as well as how these indicators could be integrated and shared with higher hierarchical levels in the organisation by using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Our approach is applied to the program “Physical disability, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorder” of CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’île-de-Montreal, a large healthcare network, in the province of Québec, Canada.
Case Report: Rehabilitation of anterior esthetic region with ovate pontic
Authors: Sonar Prasanna R. , Panchbhai Aarati , Khairkar Ravina
Published: October 2023

The period of time between extraction and recovery following tooth loss in the esthetic zone can be awful to the patient's appearance and mental health. A suitable alternative to extraction and replacement of a maxillary anterior tooth is quick tooth replacement with an ovate pontic on a temporary fixed partial denture. The interdental papilla, which is preserved by ovate pontic, in turn protects the contour of gingiva that after extraction would have been lost. Utilizing an ovate pontic, an instantaneous tooth replacement removes the emotionally distressing partial edentulous stage, while also producing a considerably more aesthetically acceptable, hygienic, and natural-looking replacement tooth. Ovate pontics have the additional benefit of avoiding the dissatisfaction associated with an unattractive ridge lap pontic. The case study demonstrated an ovate pontic replacement for an upper anterior tooth that helped a patient whose mobile anterior tooth was advised for extraction and finally resulting to both improved esthetics and health.
Application of Zoning Method in Assessing the Tourism and Recreational Potential of Rural Areas of Novosibirsk Region
Authors: Mytareva E. , Shamray I. , Elovskaya M. , Chernyh S.
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the methodology of assessing the development of rural tourism in the region based on the application of the zoning method. The article is devoted to the study of key problems of rural tourism development in modern realities, taking into account the existing limitations and outlines the prospects for the implementation of this type of tourism in the Novosibirsk region. The authors critically analyze the scientific works of domestic scientists devoted to the development of agrarian (rural) tourism.

In the process of research, the author’s method of assessment of tourist and recreational potential of the Novosibirsk region was developed, criteria for calculating the potential of priority components of the tourist infrastructure were selected, the opportunities for the development of agrarian (rural) tourism were assessed with the selection of the most promising administrative-territorial (municipal) districts of the Novosibirsk region. The article is intended for managers of tourist business, students, any interested users.
Features of the Creation and Elimination of Jobs in the Belarusian Economy7
Authors: Makovskaya E.
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of a scientific study of the trajectories of creating and eliminating jobs in the Belarusian economy. Industry leaders and “outsiders” in terms of reallocation of jobs have been identified. The reasons that determine the general directions of the movement of jobs in the national economy of Belarus are revealed. It has been proven that the efficiency of creating and eliminating jobs in the Belarusian economy is affected by an increase in labor costs. The objectivity of this is confirmed by the operation of the law of demand and supply of labor (the higher the wage, the greater the supply of labor), on the one hand. On the other hand, if the employer has a resource (wage fund) for the maintenance of employees, he still has the opportunity to use labor-intensive technologies and preserve the social component in personnel management. It is substantiated that a feature of the national economy of Belarus is the fact that there is a social effect from the movement of jobs.Such an effect is created by the Belarusian system of wage formation, which is more subject to social principles than market ones. It should be assumed that with a reduction in the number of employees, the costs (wage fund) for personnel are maintained with a simultaneous increase in wages.
Problems of Human Capital and New Technologies — Resources That Determine the Development of the Modern Economy
Authors: Basovskaya Elena , Basovskiy Leonid
Published: October 2023

To identify the reasons for the limited economic growth in modern Russia, the problems of resources that ensure economic growth are analyzed. These resources are the human capital of skilled and highly skilled workers and new technologies. The problem of human capital lies in the fact that the main trend in Russia in the second decade of the 21st century was the crushing of the growth rate of human capital in the form of a decrease in the level and loss of premiums for education of all types and levels. The problem of new technologies is the low level of exports of high-tech goods, which is less than 3% of the world volume, which corresponds to the 30th place in the world. Problems in the field of education and science, firstly, are due to the fact that management is based on a command-and-control style, in which management is based on the application of orders, norms, standards, the provisions of which are full of paradoxes and errors. and application of control, organized, among other things, on the basis of mass reporting. Secondly, the problems are due to the fact that the costs of education in modern Russia are small, amounting to 4–5% of GDP, therefore the country ranks 120th in the world in terms of the indicator, and the cost of research and development in the country is about 1% of GDP, which corresponds to 37th place in the world in this indicator. The number of highly qualified personnel in the field of education and science is shrinking. Problem solving can be achieved by increasing the cost of education and science, reorganizing the management systems of education and science, which does not ensure the coordination of activities and the use of resources necessary to achieve the goals of education and science. The regulatory and legal framework should be revised, organizational and managerial structures should be rebuilt, and the number of managerial personnel should be radically reduced.
Armeno-Iranica: Wspomnienia orientalisty
Authors: Pisowicz Andrzej
Published: October 2023

The book of Prof. Andrzej Pisowicz titled Armeno-Iranica. Wspomnienia orientalisty [Armeno-Iranica. The Orientalist’s Memories] consists of three parts. The first part includesthe author’s memories of Armenia, the second one concerns Iran, and the thirdpart constitutes Varia, in which the author presents other memories, concerning forexample his family. The book does not belong to autobiographical works. It has not been edited instrict chronological order. To increase attractiveness of his narration, the author mixesparts concerning events from a distant time with inserts which comprise much later occurrences. Furthermore, he does not deal with all periods of his life, showing only chosen episodes. In the context of the second part of Prof. A. Pisowicz’s memories, devoted to Iran, it should be mentioned that the name of Iran concerns here not only the Islamic Republic of Iran but also areas where other Iranian languages related to the Persian language are used (from the Indo-Iranian subgroup of the Indo-European languages).These are the areas with the following languages: Kurdish (Iran, Iraq, Türkiye, Syria), Pashto (Afghanistan) and Ossetian (the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, in the South of the Russian Federation near the Caucasus).
Analysis of Real-Time Order Fulfillment Policies: When to Dispatch a Batch?
Authors: Gautam Natarajan , Geunes Joseph
Published: October 2023

This paper considers orders that arrive one-by-one over time to a fulfillment center. Each order requests a product with some degree of customization that needs to be delivered expeditiously to a nearby location using a delivery vehicle. However, each vehicle can batch multiple orders together for delivery within a single trip. The benefits of batching include more efficient capacity utilization, lower total vehicle ownership requirements, and reduced environmental impact. The main drawback of batching is the consequent reduced average quality of service due to associated delivery delays when waiting for additional orders to arrive and executing a delivery route. To address this trade-off, we consider a set of threshold policies for batching and dispatching groups of orders, and characterize the associated long-run average cost per unit time for each policy that explicitly accounts for the customer’s total order lead time, including the time between order dispatch and delivery to the customer which, in turn, depends on route sequencing policies. For the threshold policies, our state variable may not only include the number of outstanding orders, but may also incorporate information on order arrival times and delivery locations. We model the stochastic dynamics of the system and obtain the long-run average cost per unit time, which we compute using a renewal-reward approach. We also consider different delivery sequencing approaches, including first-come, first-served and shortest traveling salesperson. In addition, we evaluate the effectiveness of accounting for all order information in the decision-making process, as opposed to just the number of outstanding orders or the time in the system for each order. Our analysis shows that a generalized class of cost- and quantity-based threshold policies often outperforms existing policies in the literature with the additional benefits of being robust to overestimates of the optimal cost threshold value and achieving strong delay cost performance.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science/Stochastic Systems Joint Special Issue.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2022.0042 .
Flash pulmonary oedema secondary to persistent left superior vena cava
Authors: Demirjian Jack , Divecha Rohan , Garrastegui Mercado Emmanuel , Garcia Oscar
Published: October 2023

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a common congenital anomaly of the thoracic venous system. It is usually asymptomatic and is detected when cardiovascular imaging is performed for unrelated reasons. Its presence can complicate catheter placement within the right side of the heart, as well as cardiac procedures. In most cases PLSVC can go unnoticed and only becomes pertinent when patients require cardiac imaging or surgery. Once found, it puts patients at risk for cardiac interventions. Here we present a case that highlights the practical implications of PLSVC where a patient developed flash pulmonary oedema after gastrointestinal procedures – in this case, laparoscopic cholecystectomy – as well as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Management is also discussed, leading to the resolution of symptoms. The report will also propose a pathophysiologic mechanism leading to this complication that is not well understood in the medical literature.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to monkeypox virus
Authors: Tchoubou Tona , El-Hosni Rima , Dollat Marion , Jaquet Pierre , Tournus Celine , Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Yacine , Da Silva Daniel
Published: October 2023

We report the first case of monkeypox virus (MPXV) associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A 34-year-old French woman with no medical history was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for fever, altered mental status, hypotension and hypoxaemia. She presented with a diffuse skin rash with vesiculopustular lesions involving the four limbs and perineal ulcers with a skin swab positive for MPXV. On day 2, the patient presented moderate ARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. She also had pleural empyema due to Streptococcus pyogenes. MPXV PCR was positive in the bronchoalveolar lavage, the pleural effusion and the blood. The patient was treated with tecovirimat. Despite the treatment, she had persistent viraemia for at least ten days. The patient condition rapidly improved; she was weaned from mechanical ventilation on day 18 despite the persistence of radiological lung opacities. She fully recovered and was discharged home on day 38 after admission.
Public Perception of Islamic Higher Education Institutions on Twitter in Indonesia: A Social Media Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Nikmah Rofingatun , Rasyid Erwin
Published: October 2023

With the advent of social media, particularly Twitter, public opinion has become a dynamic and influential force. This study explores the public's perception of Islamic higher education institutions on Twitter, employing sentiment analysis to decipher the nuances of public sentiment. A comprehensive quantitative research methodology employing sentiment analysis was applied to a dataset of 11,809 tweets collected from 2018 to 2022, all focused on perceptions of Islamic higher education. The preprocessing phase involved cleaning, case folding, punctuation, number removal, stopword elimination, and tokenization. Sentiment analysis techniques were utilized to categorize tweets into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. The analysis revealed a prevalent positive sentiment, constituting 73.16% of the dataset, 21.37% exhibited negative sentiment, and 5.47% reflected neutral sentiment. Visualizations, including word clouds, highlighted key topics shaping public perception. Words like "university," "religion," and "student" emerged prominently, influencing sentiment across categories. These results underscore a positive public perception of Islamic higher education, indicating the effectiveness of social media in shaping favorable opinions. The research emphasizes the significance of social media, specifically Twitter, as a platform for fostering positive perceptions of Islamic higher education. Strategic communication, proactive content dissemination, and responsive engagement are essential for enhancing institutional image. Future research directions, including advanced methodologies like topic modeling and word association techniques, promise a deeper understanding of public sentiment nuances, guiding educational institutions and policymakers toward effective social media engagement strategies