bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS USING ELECTRONIC LEARNING AND DISTANCE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Романова Любовь Леонидовна
Published: April 2021

Изучены особенности реализации образовательных программ в вузе и представлены средства информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Определены требования образовательных стандартов к обеспечению студентов доступом к электронно-библиотечным системам и электронной информационно-образовательной среде (ЭИОС). Дана характеристика элементов, которые позволяют использовать Moodle: видеоконференции BigBlueButton, семинару, тесту, опросу, видеолекции. Отмечено, что составление интерактивных заданий и разработка обучающих материалов в ЭИОС занимают у преподавателей в два раза больше времени, чем подготовка к аналогичным занятиям в аудитории. Опрос студентов выявил следующее: чем больше академических часов преподаватель уделяет самостоятельной работе, тем менее интересен курс, а соответственно, и ниже уровень знаний. Сделаны выводы о том, что электронное обучение и обучение с применением дистанционных образовательных технологий – данность, которую необходимо принять всем участникам образовательного процесса и максимально адаптировать в своей деятельности, что связано как с условиями реализации образовательного процесса в период пандемии, так и с цифровизацией образования в целом.

The article studies the functioning of the electronic information and educational environment in the university and presents the means of information and communication technologies. Based on the analysis of federal educational standards, the requirements of educational standards for providing students with access to electronic library systems and electronic information and educational environment are determined. The characteristics of the elements that allow using Moodle are given: BigBlueButton videoconferences, seminars, tests, polls, video lectures. The results of the study are described, according to which, it was concluded that the preparation of interactive tasks and the development of teaching materials in the EEEP takes teachers twice as long as preparing for similar classes in the classroom, and when interviewing students, the following fact was revealed that the more academic hours the teacher pays to individual work, the less interesting the course is, and, accordingly, the lower the level of knowledge. It is concluded that e-learning and learning with the use of distance learning technologies are a given, that all participants in the educational process need to accept and adapt as much as possible in their activities, which is associated both with the conditions for the implementation of the educational process during the pandemic, and with the digitalization of education in general.
A Mathematical Model for Complete Morphological Regression in Primary Operable HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Orlov A. E. , Kaganov O. I. , Saveliev V. N. , Tkachev M. V. , Borisov A. P. , Kruglova P. L.
Published: April 2021

Background. Breast cancer (BC) is distinguished with its biological tumour subtypes as luminal A, B, HER2-positive and triple-negative. The current clinical guidelines of the Russian Ministry of Health prescribe neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy as combined treatment in the HER2-positive cancer subtype. An adequate model for treatment efficacy prediction in such patients had been missing to date.Aim. Development of a mathematical model and its computer realisation for complete morphological regression estimation in patients with primary operable HER2-positive breast cancer.Materials and methods. Statistically significant predictors were estimated with the treatment outcome data on 103 HER2- positive breast cancer cases with neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy. A binary logistic regression model was developed to account for a dichotomous variable dependency on certain predictors.Results and discussion. Multivariate analysis laid out a mathematical model and software “Complete morphological regression estimation in primary operable EGFR-expressing breast cancer under neoadjuvant chemotherapy”. Our results attest that the program correctly automates a systematic estimation of complete morphological regression achieved prior to neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy and is clinically justified for optimising treatment regimens in primary operable HER2-positive BC.Conclusion. The mathematical model and computer program developed estimate the rate of complete morphological regression achieved prior to neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy with a high 92 % sensitivity, 97.33 % specificity and 93.21% accuracy.
Dynamics of cytokines in patients with enteral insufficiency in advanced peritonitis
Authors: Polyovyj V. , Plehutsa O. , Dzigal O. , Palyanytsia A. , Chepega I.
Published: April 2021

In this work, changes in the cytokine profile in patients with common forms of peritonitis with enteral insufficiency were studied. The obtained results were compared in patients who survived after surgery and programmed peritoneal sanation and patients who died in the early postoperative period. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of cytokine profile of patients with common forms of peritonitis complicated by enteral insufficiency in order to determine their prognostic value. Material and methods. The object of the study was the blood of 23 patients with common forms of peritonitis and 17 healthy volunteers. To assess the condition of patients performed a dynamic determination in a comprehensive examination of laboratory markers of endogenous toxemia and systemic inflammatory response syndrome: immunological changes in patients by examining blood cells expressing clusters of CD11a+, CD162+, CD95+, CD16+, and molecules of the main histocompatibility complex HLA-DR+ and the level of interleukins IL-2, IL-4, IL-6. Results. During the study in patients with widespread peritonitis complicated by enteral insufficiency, at the time of hospitalization, there was a six-fold decrease in blood levels of CD11a+ cells and the content of CD162+ and CD16+ cells, respectively, 2,8 and 2 times, compared with healthy people. It has been shown that a single remediation programmed relaparotomy within two weeks effectively corrects these changes except for expression on CD16+ cells, which indicates a low effect of this type of surgery on the elimination of immune complexes. It was found that the concentration in plasma IL-2 increased 5 times and was 27,1% higher than that in almost healthy individuals. At the same time, the level of IL-4 in the blood decreased sharply – 4 times. Plasma IL-6 content also reduced. One week after relaparotomy, the expression of HLA-DR + molecules on immunocompetent cells increased again and was 1,8 times higher than the control parameters. In addition, the content of cytokines in the blood plasma increased sharply: the level of IL-2 exceeded the control by 2,4 times, IL-4 by 4 times, and IL-6 by 2 times. Conclusions. 1. Progressive and noticeable decrease in IL-2 content occurs in patients with widespread peritonitis complicated by enteral insufficiency in the complete absence of IL-4 in the blood on the background of a permanent and significant increase in plasma concentrations of IL-6. 2. Under conditions of suppression of the immune response, due to intoxication of the patient's body, the mechanism of endogenous inhibition of the immune response "IL-6 – corticoliberin – corticotropin – corticosteroids" is additionally realized.
Dysregulation mechanism of the influence of water of negative redox potential on kidney function
Authors: Rohovyi Yu. , Kolesnik O. , Tsіtrіn V.
Published: April 2021

Elucidate the dysregulatory mechanism of the effect of water load of negative redox potential in comparison with induced diuresis with ordinary tap water on the functional state of the kidneys.Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 40 male white nonlinear rats weighing 0.16-0.18 kg with the analysis of the effect of water loading with a negative redox potential on renal function, which was obtained by treating tap water with microhydrin. The redox potential of water and urine was determined with an ORP meter. From the indicators of renal function studied: protein excretion, glomerular filtration, filtration fraction of sodium ions, its absolute and proximal reabsorption. Statistical processing of the data obtained, including multivariate regression analysis, was carried out using the Statgrafics, Statistica, and Excel 2003 programs.Results. Comparative multivariate analysis of the effect of water loading of negative redox potential in comparison with induced diuresis with ordinary tap water revealed an ambiguous nature of reliable correlations (p <0.05) between the studied indicators of renal function and the redox potential of urine, which is due to the simultaneous presence of both protective mechanisms of negative redox potential influence (improvement of energy supply, antioxidant effect), and damaging (transient renal ischemia due to activation of the basal tone mechanism due to an increase in the contractile function of the heart as a result of improving its energy supply), the final result will depend on the dominance of classical or dysregulation mechanisms in this particular situation. Conclusion. The dysregulation mechanism of the effect of water of negative redox potential on renal function is due to the initial mobilization of defense reactions with improved contractile function of the heart, which is subsequently transformed into an injury response due to increased basal renal vascular tone with the development of transient ischemia and renal dysfunction, decrease оf glomerular filtration, filtration fraction of sodium ions, its absolute and proximal reabsorption and development of proteinuria.
Tumor markers in the process of radiotherapy of patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Syniachenko O. , Dumanskiy Yu. , Stoliarova O. , Paliy M. , Iermolaieva M.
Published: April 2021

Purpose of the work – to assess the level of tumor markers in the blood of patients with prostate cancer (PC) in the course of their radiation therapy (RT). Material and methods. The study included 195 men with prostate cancer aged 52 to 82 years. The duration from the moment of diagnosis of the disease was 3 years on average. The Gleason score parameters averaged 6 points, the ratio of peripheral to central tumor form was 3: 1, adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 94% of the cases, and giant cell carcinoma – in 6%. The average tumor stage parameter was 3 relative units, maturity was 3 points. Blood levels of testosterone (TS), luteinizing hormone (LT), insulin-like growth factor 1 (ISF), alkaline phosphatase (AP), acid prostatic phosphatase (APP) and glycosyl hydrolase (GH) activities were evaluated.Results. An increase in the level of tumor markers is observed in 50% - 100% of the patients, which depends on the expansion, size, localization, stage and degree of differentiation of the tumor process, the nature of its metastasis to the lymph nodes, distant organs and skeleton. Radiation therapy in patients with prostate cancer has an effect on integral changes in tumor markers, in particular, on the restoration of blood PSA parameters and APP activity; moreover, in the group of examined patients with an early initiation of RT after prostatectomy, positive changes in the studied parameters are more significant, do not depend on the expansion, size, and the degree of maturity of the neoplasm, but the nature of the dynamics of the levels of PSA, APP and ISF is closely related to the initial indicator of the severity of the tumor process course.Conclusion. The study of the level of tumor markers in the blood will have clinical and prognostic significance for assessing the efficacy of treatment of a tumor process, and contribute to the development of criteria for diagnosing complications of radiation therapy.
Experience of application of remote technologies in an educational process at the histology department in COVID–19 pandemic
Authors: Chernykh M.
Published: April 2021

Objective – to study the organization peculiarities of the educational process at the Histology Department using remote technologies among foreign 2nd-year students of the medical faculty of the HSEE of Ukraine “National Pirogov Memorial Medical University”, Vinnytsia.Material and methods. During the research, 90 foreign students (59 boys and 31 girls) aged 18.40 ± 0.17 years were interviewed. The survey was conducted by questionnaire in English, which consisted of 8 questions that highlighted the satisfaction and adaptation of foreign students to the learning process using distance technology (Microsoft Teams platform).Results. The study showed that the vast majority of respondents had no difficulties in mastering the interface of the Microsoft Teams platform. This, in turn, indicates the fast adaptive capability of foreign students to master remote technologies in a COVID-19 pandemic. In 43.33% of students, the subjective assessment of their knowledge is quite critical since they remained, to a certain extent, dissatisfied with the level of expertise that they received during distance learning. The survey showed that 62.69% of students were satisfied with the organization of distance learning at the histology department. The lack of full-fledged practical skills (working with a real microscope and self-recognition of all elements of the histological slide) creates a "practical deficiency" for the student.Conclusion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, distance learning in higher medical education institutions is a necessary element of the continuous education process, but it needs to be improved and cannot be a full-fledged replacement for its traditional forms.
Circular economy as assistance for sustainable development in OECD countries
Authors: Skvarciany Viktorija , Lapinskaite Indre , Volskyte Gintare
Published: April 2021

Research background: Circular economy is of great importance, as it plays a vital role in ensuring the reuse of waste created and, therefore, reduces the waste of limited resources, which is the primary goal of the general economic concept. In line with the circular economy, sustainable development gains great attention, as the United Nations announced the sustainable development goals that should be reached by 2030. Hence, the current paper aims at examining whether the circular economy could be treated as an effective assistance tool for sustainable development of OECD countries.
Purpose of the article: The paper aims to investigate whether the circular economy could serve as an assistance tool for sustainable development and, therefore, seeks to determine if the circular economy could directly impact a country?s sustainable development.
Methods: First, the countries chosen were prioritised using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) methodologies. AHP method was used for weight assignment to the circular economy indicators that were further used for OECD countries? prioritisation procedure for which multi-criteria decision-making method EDAS was employed. Second, to reveal a link between the circular economy ranking results and sustainable development, a comparative analysis was done. Third, the impact of the country?s circular economy on sustainable development was evaluated using the fixed-effect regression model on four years of panel data from 2016 to 2019 for the sample of 32 OECD countries.
Findings & value-added: The comparative analysis of the circular economy?s prioritisation results and Sustainable Development Goals Index (SDGI) ranking showed 20 out of 32 matches, assuming a link between the circular economy and sustainable development could be made. The fixed-effect regression equation results demonstrate that the unemployment rate, poverty rate, air pollution exposure, and CO2 emission per capita negatively influence sustainable development. In contrast, indicators such as gross domestic expenditure on R&D, renewable energy, number of passenger cars in use, and households with Internet access positively impact SDGI. The hypothesis that the circular economy is seen as an assistance for sustainable development and directly affects a country?s sustainability was approved. The paper contributes to the scientific literature in the field of circular economy and sustainable development interaction and could be seen as an assumption for new research directions, focusing on the linkage between circular economy and sustainable development. Moreover, the obtained results could contribute to a country?s policy-makers by highlighting the essential indicators of a circular economy that should be considered while forming the strategy of a country?s sustainable development.
Is internationalisation beneficial for novice internationalisers? The performance effects of firm-specific advantages, internationalisation degree and firm size revisited
Authors: Barłożewski Krystian , Trąpczyński Piotr
Published: April 2021

Research background: Research on the performance outcomes of different forms of internationalisation has attracted significant attention due to its theoretical and practical relevance. Still, the related findings have remained conflicting. Scholars have argued that companies need to possess or acquire firm-specific advantages (FSAs) to succeed internationalisation. However, a significant part of International Business (IB) research has treated FSAs as enablers of internationalisation, while some have argued that internationalisation in itself only helps firms translate the possessed resources into performance.
Purpose of the article: The objective of this study, which is based on the resource-based view (RBV), is to explore the moderating effect of internationalisation on the relationship between FSAs and performance, considering internationalisation degree and firm size as boundary conditions for that relationship.
Methods: We carry out statistical analyses on a longitudinal dataset containing 304 novice internationalisers from the post-transition economy of Poland and a total of 1167 firm-year observations. Thereby, we compare SMEs with large firms.
Findings & value added: We find that while FSAs do positively affect firm performance, this relationship becomes weaker for higher levels of internationalisation. However, the negative moderating effect of the internationalisation degree becomes weaker for larger novice internationalisers, which are more able to handle the complexity of managing foreign operations.
Changing fortunes and attitudes: what determines the political trust in modern Russia?
Authors: Malkina Marina Yu. , Ovchinnikov Vyacheslav N. , Kholodilin Konstantin A.
Published: April 2021

Research background: We are guided by concepts linking political trust with the perceived rank of people in the wealth hierarchy, their confidence in other people, and the means they use to learn about events at home and abroad.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to assess and analyse at the micro level the impact of subjective welfare, interpersonal trust and the intensity of usage of television & radio or the Internet to search for news on political trust in four levels of Russian government.
Methods: The study is based on microdata from the Life in Transition Surveys provided by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Ordinal logit regressions are constructed to evaluate the impact of test and control variables on political trust in the Russian president, federal, regional, and local governments in 2010 and 2016.
Findings & value added: We identify a reverse of political trust in the upper levels of the Russian government between 2010 and 2016, when the impact of perceived welfare level changes from positive to negative. This phenomenon is explained by the focus of the policy of the federal centre on sup-porting the poor groups of the population, as well as its distancing from business. In contrast, the positive, albeit inconsistent, effect of subjective wealth on trust in lower-level governments is due to the benefits that businesses can gain from interaction with local authorities. We find the positive impact of controlled television and radio on trust in the upper echelons of power, along with the negative impact of the freer Internet on political trust in regional and local authorities. We also confirm the hypothesis of a positive and significant relationship between interpersonal and political trust, highlighting the role of social capital. Finally, our research shows that in systems of the hierarchical type, such as Russia, specific mechanisms for maintaining political trust are established. They are associated with the redistribution of public expectations and claims to different branches of government. The results obtained are applicable for managing political trust through building a democratic state and civil society.
The integration of corporate social responsibility and marketing concepts as a business strategy: evidence from SEM-based multivariate and Toda-Yamamoto causality models
Authors: Streimikiene Dalia , Ahmed Rizwan Raheem
Published: April 2021

Research background: This paper integrates the marketing and corporate social responsibility concepts by investigating how the previous studies de-bated CSR as a business strategy. This discussion extended from academics to business practices. Hence, this study investigated the concept of CSR as a business strategy in a multifactorial fashion in the marketing field.
Purpose of the article: This study evaluates the modified model of CSR initiatives as business and marketing strategy and their impact on customers' buying behavior. For this purpose, we have taken dimensions of Carroll's pyramid of CSR as marketing strategies. We have also examined the influence of brand loyalty and cause-related marketing as mediating variables and technology as a moderator between dimensions of Carroll's pyramid and customers' buying behavior.
Methods: We employed modified theoretical & conceptual model for evaluating the direct and indirect hypothesized relationship. We have collected 693 responses from the structured and adapted questionnaire. The survey was done among marketing and senior managers of the Asian pharmaceutical industry. We employed SEM-based multivariate modeling to examine the hypothesized relationship.
Findings & value added: The finding of this research exhibited that dimensions of Carroll?s pyramid of CSR have a positive and significant impact on customers' buying behavior. The results further demonstrated that brand loyal-ty and cause-related marketing positively and significantly impact mediators between CSR dimensions and customers? buying behavior. Finally, the technology has a significant influence as a moderator between exogenous and endogenous factors. The undertaken study demonstrated important theoretical and practical implications. The modified conceptual framework has provided several new dimensions for future researchers to use and replicate in different economic sectors. On the other hand, practitioners of the pharmaceutical industry should incorporate Carroll's CSR pyramid as business strategies to gain the trust and respect of their customers.
New paradigms of quantification of economic efficiency in the transport sector
Authors: Poliak Milos , Svabova Lucia , Konecny Vladimir , Zhuravleva Natalia Aleksandrovna , Culik Kristian
Published: April 2021

Research background: In determining the prices in road transport, carriers usually use the calculations based on a so-called routes utilisation coefficient, which allows the carrier to also take the possibility of the return rides without load into account. Currently, it is usually used as a constant from the interval from zero to one.
Purpose of the article: Considering a different offer of return transport from individual European Union (EU) countries, it can be assumed that the routes utilisation coefficient should have different values because there is a varying level of non-zero probability that the vehicle will return without a load. This study therefore proposes a new approach to determining the value of this coefficient based on transport direction. The study also aims to identify clusters of EU countries, for which the common value of the coefficient should be set.
Methods: The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was used to verify the assumption of the differences among the means of transport offers. Cluster analysis was used to identify the aforementioned groups of countries. This analysis is based on real data on transport offers to Slovakia from 18 different EU countries.
Findings & value added: The results of the analysis can also be used in other EU countries because if significant differences in transport offers to Slovakia exist in individual countries, there is a reasonable assumption that this conclusion will also be valid in other countries. The analysis demonstrated that it is more appropriate to use the routes utilisation coefficient with various values, dependent on the transport direction. For the transport companies, implementation of the obtained results into practice is beneficial to increase their competitiveness through the more precise setting of transport prices, but also to the optimisation of the transport price itself with regard to the expected costs.
ОЦІНКА РІВНЯ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ ЯК СЕРЕДОВИЩА ПОШИРЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЗЛОЧИННОСТІ ЗА МІЖНАРОДНИМИ РЕЙТИНГАМИ
Authors: Грицишен Д.О.
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена оцінюванню рівня економічної злочинності України за міжнародними рейтингами. Визначено місце України в рейтингу пострадянських країн за рівнем економічної свободи. Здійснено оцінку впливу економічної злочинності на національну безпеку через ідентифікацію місця України у міжнародних рейтингах за такими показниками: індекс економічної свободи, індекс конкуренто-спроможності, індекс легкості ведення бізнесу, індекс прав власності, індекс сприйняття корупції, індекс недієздатності держави. Це дозволяє говорити про економічну злочинність як найбільш вразливий ризик порушення національних інтересів. Розроблено методологічні положення оцінки індексу сприйняття корупції.. Охарактеризовано індикатори, які включенні до розрахунку індексу недієздатності держав. Згруповано країни за рівнем індексу недієздатності держав, в підсумку можна констатувати, що Україна та більшість країн пострадянського простору заходяться в категорії країн підвищеної уваги.
СІЛЬСЬКИЙ ТУРИЗМ ЯК ПЕРСПЕКТИВНИЙ НАПРЯМ РОЗВИТКУ АГРОПРОМИСЛОВОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Бондаренко В.М. , Штулер І.Ю.
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей сільського туризму. Розкрито значення поняття «сільський туризм». Проаналізовано основні напрямки сільського туризму. Розглянуто категоризацію садиб сільського зеленого туризму в Україні та іноземних державах. Наведено недоліки сільського туризму. Запропоновано напрямки активізації зеленого туризму в Україні.
Development and adaptation of private service enterprises in the digital economy market
Authors: Zaytsev N. S.
Published: April 2021

The adaptation of representatives of private enterprises and small businesses in the service sector to the general economic digitalization, today is one of the key drivers of the development of the digital economy market in the Russian Federation. There is a radical revision of the classic business models, the introduction of the latest digital technologies in them, and the mass release of various aggregators on online trading platforms. The combination of all the above factors creates a high level of competitiveness between market participants and, as a result, develops and adapts the competitive strategies used by these organizations to meet new needs
Specifics of ethics program application: company-size based analysis: On the example of Slovakia
Authors: Remišová Anna , Stankovičová I. , Procházková L.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to find out to what extent businesses purposefully develop business ethics through an ethics program in Slovakia.The results are based on a statistical analysis of a part of the representative empirical research carried out in Slovakia in 2019. Main findings: 1. specific empirical data about the extent of ethics program implementation in companies inthe Slovak business environment;2.the size of a company is a factor that influences the implementation of elements of ethics program in an organization; and 3.the size of the organization is a factor which positively influences the participation of the company in a professional association and membershipin a professional association is a factor that influences the extent of the implementation of an ethics program in the organization.
Housing conditions of the population as an indicator of the region social development level
Authors: Lisova Ekaterina V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the level of social development of Russian regions. It is noted that at present the social component plays a leading role in the research of various authors. It is proposed to use the indicators published in the statistical collection "Regions of Russia. Socio-economic indicators", as well as regional housing and utilities tariffs for assessing the level of social development. A method for determining the integral indicator of social development has been developed, and a computer program has been created to determine its numerical values based on indicators of housing conditions of the population. The calculated generalized indicators for the regions of the Central Federal District are given. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of using the obtained data to assess and predict the level of social regional development.
Foreign practices of implementing programs on adaptive
physical culture
Authors: Kulkova I. V. , Filonenko Natalia V.
Published: April 2021

This article analyzes the foreign experience of implementing adaptive physical education programs for people with disabilities (HIA). Attention is focused on the key aspects of management and financing in the context of increasing the mass of motor activity classes for people with disabilities and people with disabilities. In the final part, we present the formed proposals for borrowing positive aspects from the practices of European countries for their adaptation to the management of adaptive physical culture in Russia.
Features of government countermeasures against corruption in public procurement during COVID-19
Authors: Dmitriev A. A. , Malyshev A. A.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the issues related to the state of public procurement in the Russian Federation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, examines the nature and features of the violations of legislatively established norms in the course of public procurement, presents indicators, evaluates their dynamics. The key reasons are revealed, ways of countering corruption manifestations are considered, solutions to existing problems are proposed.
Artificial Neural Networks and Its Application in Various Fields of Study
Authors: Wan Nur Azah binti Wan Nahar  , Rahimah binti Mohamed Yunos
Published: April 2021

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) approach is an alternate way to classical methods. As a computation and learning paradigm, the approach is used to solve complicated practical problems in numerous fields, such as accounting and business, engineering, medical and healthcare, geological and energy. The application varies from modelling, identification, prediction, and forecasting. In contrast to conventional procedure, ANN is trained using data exemplifying the behaviour of a system. This paper presents applications of ANN in various fields of study. The applications are in the form of designing and modelling, identification and evaluation, and prediction and control. Published literature presented in this study serves as evidence that ANN is a useful tool in various disciplines across many industries. This paper will encourage researchers and professionals to explore ANN.
Impacts of El Nino and La Nina on Palm Oil Production: Evidence from Selected Palm Oil Producing Countries
Authors: Athirah Suhailah Jalil  , Yan-Ling Tan
Published: April 2021

Palm oil is one of the most important edible oils commercialized in world oils and fats market. However, agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change. For instance, El Nino is the warm phase of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) while La Nina is the opposite of El Nino, the cold phase of ENSO. Strong El Nino and La Nina events cause global changes especially in temperature and rainfall, subsequently affect agricultural areas and causing considerable economic losses. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the impacts of El Nino and La Nina on palm oil production in selected palm oil producing countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand from 1980 to 2019 using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that area harvested and palm oil price affect palm oil production significantly in all palm oil producing countries. Nevertheless, the ENSO effects are not apparent. Only the El Nino dummy coefficients are negative and statistically significant in Thailand, suggesting that the occurrence of El Nino events is more pronounced than the La Nina events on palm oil production in Thailand. Hence, this study suggests that a good water management system is needed to allow the palm oil to achieve optimum production.
Intention to Become Entrepreneur Among Business Students: Case Study in UiTM Segamat Johor
Authors: Shahira Binti Hj Abdul Jabar  , Mashita Binti Hj Abdul Jabar  , Siti Nordiyana Binti Isahak  , Aida Rohani Binti Samsudin
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the entrepreneurial intentions of UiTM Segamat business students and its main factors influencing it. The attitude, subjective norm, entrepreneurial education, and self-efficacy are the variables analyzed in this study. Samples of 171 business students were tested. The result shows there is an intention to become an entrepreneur among students and attitude is the main factor that contributes to it. Subjective norm and self-efficacy have moderate influence but entrepreneurial education does not significantly influence their entrepreneurial intention with the hope that MASMED gives attention and attempts to improve the effectiveness of the entrepreneurship program in university. This in general, encourages students to be courageous to start-up businesses and at the same time respond to our country desires.
Needs Analysis for Designing a Specific English Language Course for the Undergraduate Accounting Students in UPM
Authors: Nur Hazura Mat Rahim  , Siti Maftuhah Damio  , Zarith Sofia Zaid
Published: April 2021

Today’s international business scholars treat language as an issue at the heart of their subject area (Mughan 2015), as English language’s irreplaceable position as means of communication is considered essential for international businesses. Nevertheless, one of the main concerns of educational specialists is the relevance of their programmes to the graduates’ success in today’s highly competitive labour market. With that, a needs analysis study was sought to explore the English language needs of undergraduate accounting students at Universiti Putra Malaysia. A survey method was employed to 20 undergraduate accounting students for the purpose of this study. The data collected from the survey were analysed quantitatively using SPSS 22 programme. As the findings of this study pointed out, the participants prefer to be taught more in listening, speaking and writing skills as the needs for their study and future career. Henceforth, a highly structured ESP course for accounting students with integration of language skills, subject or field-special skills, derived from their needs should be designed.
Student Attaintment of Skill Sets Through Capstone Course in Diploma in Civil Engineering Programme
Authors: Narita Binti Noh  , Nurul Izziyantie binti Mat Noor  , Syed Muhammad bin Syed Yahya  , Muhammad Bazli Faliq bin Mohd Puad
Published: April 2021

Engineering education has become challenging compared to previous decade, the readiness of graduates before entering employement world is vital for the academician. Students are expected to possess all generic skill sets as needed by a qualified engineer including knowledge profile, engineering ability, communication, teamwork, and other relevant skills. In Malaysia, engineering graduates should possess 12 programme outcomes (PO) according to ETAC requirement, throughout the whole curriculum structure in diploma level. However, capstone course in Diploma Civil Engineering in UiTM only measures 3 main programme outcomes which are problem solving and scientific skills, communication skills, and ethics in engineering. The implementation of capstones course is reviewed for 3 consecutive semesters and student attaintment based on grade and programe outcomes is observed. This paper provides the assesment tools that had been mapped to programme outcomes through out 14 week lesson plan for final year students in Diploma Civil Engineering.This study was conducted in UiTM Pasir Gudang to measure the attainment of student’s skill set based on programme outcomes stated in the syllabus. It shows that, a graduate is considered to be good in communication skills and ethics in engineering but average in problem solving skills and scientific skills. Thus, a few recomandations have been made to improve the skills attainment among students at the faculty level.
Students’ Perceptions on Teaching Effectiveness among Lecturers
Authors: Normala Ismail  , Mohamad Kamil Ariff Khalid
Published: April 2021

The role of lecturers in determining students’ academic excellence is important. No matter how smart a student is, the knowledge gained may not be effective without the teaching of a lecturer. The effectiveness of lecturers’ teaching from the perspective of students is important in producing an excellent student who is able to overcome various obstacles in life and become an asset to a country. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the students’ perspective on the effectiveness of lecturers’ teaching Economic courses. The sample of this study consists of 300 diploma students from various faculties who study at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Pahang Raub Campus. The instrument used is a questionnaire distributed to the respondents using stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. This study found that the effectiveness of lecturers’ teaching can be seen from the aspect of the lecturers’ personality, teaching methods, attitudes and lecturer student relationship. The findings also show that the main characteristics in the lecturers’ personality which of students’ choice are friendly, firm, caring, punctual and diligent. The Multiple Regression Analysis results show that the lecturers’ knowledge and teaching experience are the dominant factors that influence their grades. Furthermore, this study did not deny that the lecturers’ who are friendly, easily approachable and love to joke are also significant estimators for the students’ academic achievement.
Ordinea oamenilor liberi. O scurtă incursiune în istoria analizei economice a dreptului
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara, Bercea Lucian , Cărămidariu Dan-Adrian ,   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara
Published: April 2021

"About half a century after the formation of the current of legal thinking called law & economics, it is evident that the application of instruments, ideas and concepts with which economic science operates in legal analysis and the evaluation of law based on its finalities and its economic challenges are a severe challenge for lawyers, even for those in common law systems. Virtually challenged and, to the same extent, defended, deconstructed and reformulated, through the contribution of sociology, psychology and behavioural studies, the economic analysis of law has followed the developments that have marked the economic science of recent decades. It has finally managed to penetrate those legal systems and doctrines that have been refractory, by tradition, to any attempt of legal contamination, especially if it came from the Anglo-Saxon space. The present study attempts to explore the origins and intellectual foundation of the economic analysis of law while presenting the main criticisms and reconsiderations of this influential current of thought by referring, on the one hand, to several applications of it, in property law, contracts and company law, and, on the other hand, to some of the main contributions which have marked the current in its evolution and which should be essential readings for the lawyer who, formed in a hyper-positivist legal system of education, seeks alternatives for understanding and deepening the law. In other words, the present study aims to contribute to the circulation of ideas and names that have lingered far too foreign to the Romanian jurist."
Regula knock out în soluționarea conflictului clauzelor standard
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Oprea Elena-Alina
Published: April 2021

The evolutions of the business practice to a more frequent utilisation of general standard terms have determined the emergence of special legal provisions aiming to solve the problems generated by this new reality as regards the formation and the content of contracts. It is the case for the Art. 1202(4) of the Romanian Civil Code, a text which imposes a modern solution to the battle of forms issue. Since the application of the traditional mirror image rule presents serious inconveniences when the parties are using general standard clauses (aspect approached in the first part of the article), the legislator took them into account and in 2011 he reacted by aligning the internal legal solutions to those largely followed in comparative and international law; the new rule – the elimination of the standard contradictory clauses / the knock out solution – is scrutinized in the second part of the article, which address in a more detailed manner the aspects of its application and functioning.
Studiul dreptului în școlile Romei antice
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Pop Cristina
Published: April 2021

As the only legal rules known in the Roman Kingdom were the archaic fas, Roman education from monarchy was an education suitable for traditional people, instilling in youth the respect for the customs of the ancestors. Moreover, because Roman civilization did not develop autonomously, it assimilated the structures and techniques of the much more evolved Hellenistic one. Therefore, Roman legal education system was based on the Greek thinking and, under certain aspects, it was created from the desire of citizens to have a Law education. If at the beginning of the Republic we observe an informal legal education system, with the beginning of the Empire, this field changed gradually, finding a final form in the Dominate.
« Qu'est-ce que la vérité ? » Réponses romaines au problème des « fausses nouvelles »
Authors:   University of Chile, Faculty of Law, Stagl Jakob Fortunat 
Published: April 2021

Citing examples from Antiquity like the trial against Jesus Christ and the politics of Caligula, the article analyses the dangers of legislation against “fake news “. Being a limitation to free speech and the first step to a totalitarian political system, the author is against such kind of legislative activism.
Garanțiile negative
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Tamba Adrian
Published: April 2021

"My work, called „Negative Pledges”, aims at some interesting legal beings. Mainly, they are used by banks. Yet, negative pledges may very well be placed in the hands of entities that are not banks; this is pointed out by, e.g., First Wyoming Bank, Casper v. Mudge. Negative pledges are encountered both in the Civil Law and the Common Law traditions. Of course, it is my view that the Romanian Civil Code embraces the so-called negative pledges, though it does not use such an expression. At the end of this paper, the abandonment of orthodoxy is highlighted: no explicit conclusions can be noticed."
Late Republican (r)evolutions in Roman law
Authors:   University of Pretoria, Thomas Philip
Published: April 2021

In this article it is argued that the re-organisation of the Roman military by Marius prepared the way for the following civil wars and dictatorships rather than the inherent failures of the republican constitution. This paper sketches the socio-political context of Cicero’s life and holds that this last republican left an important theoretical body of legal work besides his court work. Cicero’s moral philosophy is reflected in his belief in natural law and his staunch partisanship for the power of good faith in Roman law.
Aspecte juridice privind sănătatea publică în contextul istoric al marilor epidemii
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Floare Marius
Published: April 2021

"Although the concept of public health is a modern one and the scientific understanding of infectious diseases and their transmissibility is less than 200 years old, even ancient and medieval societies reacted in an organized manner to the great epidemics and the threat they posed to public order and their very existence. In spite of the fact that the sources of contagious diseases were often vaguely or wrongly understood, some of the measures that these older societies began to take (the quarantine, cordon sanitaire, isolating the sick, disinfecting objects) proved effective and have been continuously perfected along the centuries. This study will attempt to discuss, using the historical method, some of the most important normative non-medical interventions in the history of epidemics that have survived to this day. Due to the legal nature of this study, we will not discuss the medical aspects of public health during pandemics, like vaccination, treatment, diagnosis or medical care. The focus of this study will be decisively European, although some passing references will be made to North America."
Perspective asupra evoluției garanției pentru evicțiune în dreptul roman
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Goicovici Juanita
Published: April 2021

The vendor’s warranty against eviction is often seen as a corollary of the vendor’s obligation to transfer the durable, satisfactory and tangible possession on the sold goods; however, its evolution under the Roman Law, as well as its conceptual roots deserve a detailed approach. The study examines the auctoritas subsequent to the completion of a mancipatio, which had been designating, instead of the material and concrete act of judicial assistance in a court of law, the obligation to provide for this assistance and later the transferring of property act generating this type of obligation, while keeping in mind that, at the origins of the conception on the auctoritas one can find the vendor’s duty to assist the buyer in court when confronted with the third party’s attempt of eviction. The analysis also encompasses the progressive extension of the stipulatio duplae, in the perimeter of the transfer of rei mancipi sine mancipio, as well as in the case of the rei nec mancipi transferring. One may observe the manner in which the features of the auctoritas procedure are contoured as depicting the characteristics of a tort action or, more specifically, of an action of a mixt judicial nature valorising the plaintiff’s rights consequential to the eviction.
INVESTIGATION OF POSSIBLE UNIAXIAL ANISOTROPY IN Co₁₁Zr₂ MAGNETIC PHASE
Authors: HIRIAN R. , PALADE P. , CIORÎȚĂ A. , MACAVEI S. , POP V.
Published: April 2021

The Co11Zr2 magnetic phase was obtained by a combination of melting, mechanical milling and high temperature annealing. The structure and magnetic properties of the obtained material were investigated. Even though the samples possessed low coercivity, it was shown that they possess uniaxial anisotropy.