bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overcoming the Octave Displacement: Vocal Modeling Strategies for Male Elementary General Music Teachers
Authors: Robison Tiger
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this article is to address the issue that children’s natural singing voices and pitch perception are in a treble range, and a male elementary general music teacher’s natural singing voice is an octave below. There are many strategies to overcome this significant but manageable obstacle in daily teaching, including monitoring of vocal health, use of instrumental accompaniment, encouragement of student vocal modeling, specific vocal exercises and cues, and cognitive strategies to help students discern between child and adult voices. Specific games, prompts, and rubrics are also included in this article to help guide any male elementary general music teacher to the most appropriate long-term vocal modeling solutions.
The role of novel cytokines in inflammation: Defining peripheral artery disease among patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Ozkaramanli Gur Demet , Guzel Savas , Akyuz Aydin , Alpsoy Seref , Guler Niyazi
Published: April 2018

Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with concomitant peripheral artery disease (PAD) experience more extensive and calcified atherosclerosis, greater lesion progression and more common coronary events compared to patients with CAD only. To characterize the distinct features of this aggressive atherosclerotic disease, we studied novel cytokines that code different stages of atherogenesis. One hundred and eighty consecutive subjects (60 patients into each group of CAD+PAD, CAD and controls) were recruited among patients with stable angina pectoris scheduled for coronary angiography. An ankle–brachial index (ABI) ≤0.9 was determined as occlusive PAD. Fasting serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like antigen 1A (TL1A) and its receptor death receptor 3 (DR3), NOGO-B (reticulon 4B) and its receptor NUS1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) 1, 4, 5 and interleukin (IL) 6 levels were determined. Serum hsCRP and DR3/TL1A concentrations were similar and higher than controls in the CAD and CAD+PAD groups. Levels of NOGO-B and its receptor NUS1 were increased and ADAMTS-5 was decreased in patients with CAD+PAD. Independent predictors of ABI in multivariate analysis were smoking (B = −0.13, p = 0.04), NUS1 (B = −0.88, p < 0.001), ADAMTS-5 (B = 0.63, p < 0.001) and SYNTAX score (B = −0.26, p < 0.001). Similarly, smoking (OR = 5.5, p = 0.019), SYNTAX score (OR = 1.2, p < 0.001), NUS1 (OR = 14.4, p < 0.001), ADAMTS-5 (OR = 1.1, p < 0.001) and age (OR = 1.1, p = 0.042) independently predicted the involvement of peripheral vasculature in logistic regression. The diagnostic performance of these cytokines to discriminate CAD+PAD were AUC 0.79 ( p < 0.001) for NUS1 and 0.37 ( p = 0.013) for ADAMTS-5. We report herein that circulating cytokines can give clues to the ongoing atherosclerotic process and the extent of vascular involvement in which distinct features of ADAMTS-5 and NUS1 make them promising cytokines for future research.
Shifting views and building bonds: Narratives of internationally adopted children about their dual culture
Authors: Benoit Laelia , Harf Aurélie , Sarmiento Laura , Skandrani Sara , Moro Marie Rose
Published: April 2018

American literature on international adoption suggests that adoptees' pride in the culture of their birth country improves their self-esteem and helps them to cope with experiences of racism. Parents are therefore encouraged to teach their adopted children multicultural skills to improve their psychological well-being. French psychologists, on the contrary, suggest that adoptees should feel fully members of their adoptive country and families. These practices shed light on the respective multicultural and universalist paradigms in the US and France. Few papers, however, consider the opinions of adoptees. This study explores internationally adopted children raised in France and their spontaneous curiosity about their birth country. The present study used semi-structured interviews with 19 adoptees aged 8–18 years old, to explore their attitudes towards the culture of their birth country. Transcripts of recorded interviews were analyzed according to interpretative phenomenological analysis. While there was striking consistency of interest in birth countries, adoptees' expression of curiosity varied across time. Children described distinctive goals: knowing more about their history, finding relatives, becoming a multicultural citizen, or simply helping people. Their parents' involvement was thus seen as helpful, but adoptees stress the need to feel ready and may prefer independent ways of learning about their birth country. Adoptees' multiple feelings of belonging derive not only from multicultural training but from a lifelong construction of self. Professionals and parents may need to adapt to adoptees' individual development, distinctive time frames, and ways of learning to provide better support to them.
Player experiences in a massively multiplayer online game: A diary study of performance, motivation, and social interaction
Authors: Fox Jesse , Gilbert Michael , Tang Wai Yen
Published: April 2018

Video game researchers have struggled to capture players’ personal experiences in natural gaming contexts. We used longitudinal diary methods to examine the everyday experiences of new and experienced players within a massively multiplayer online game, Team Fortress 2. Participants ( N = 38) completed diaries about gameplay and negative social interactions such as trash-talking and harassment. Themes included frustrating play and performance as motivator, as well as six themes regarding social interaction: skill disparagement, fairweather friends, toxic masculinity, vicious cycles, “kicking” players, and reporting differences. Some findings supported existing research; others challenge previous research using other methods. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using diary methods in video game research.
Bodywork: Self-harm, trauma, and embodied expressions of pain
Authors: Gurung Kesherie
Published: April 2018

Self-harm, or self-mutilation, is generally viewed in academic literature as a pathological act, usually born out of trauma and/or a psychological and personality defect. Individuals who engage in self-harm are usually seen as damaged, destructive, and pathological. While self-harm is not a desirable act, this paper argues through the narratives of those who engage in such acts that self-harm may be better construed as a meaningful, embodied emotional practice, bound up in social (mis)understandings of psychological pain and how best to attend to such pain. In particular, this paper suggests that those who engage in self-harm practices are performing embodied, socially situated acts of healing, survival, and self-creation in a physical attempt to retell complex, fragmented stories of abuse, existential angst, trauma, and loss of self. While these individuals may be more or less successful in such attempts, this paper suggests that understandings of self-harm would benefit from more nuanced approaches to individuals’ embodied expressions of pain that take into account the difficult nature of psychological suffering and the effects of trauma.
Mental illness within family context: Visual dialogues in Joshua Lutz’s photographic essay Hesitating beauty
Authors: Sile Agnese
Published: April 2018

The status of photography within medical arts or humanities is still insecure. Despite a growing number of published photographic essays that disclose illness experience of an individual and how illness affects close relatives, these works have received relatively little scholarly attention. Through analysis of Joshua Lutz’s Hesitating Beauty (2012) which documents his mother who was suffering from schizophrenia, this article will explore how the photographic essay attempts to reconstruct a dialogue between mother and son out of fragmented, broken and undeveloped communications, and in the process how it challenges representation itself, on which it is dependent. The focus of the analysis is on identifying and illuminating the intimate space that opens between the photographer and the photographed person and that provides new forms of communication as well as uncovers existing forms of knowledge that is shared between them. This paper will also assess the political and cultural significance of such representation.
Synthesizing Qualitative Research
Authors: Soilemezi Dia , Linceviciute Skaiste
Published: April 2018

Systematic synthesis of qualitative studies is widely used in health and social care. Regardless of the topic area, researchers need to consider several decisions when it comes to the planning and implementation of qualitative synthesis. As junior reviewers, we reflect on potential challenges and pitfalls in planning and conducting a synthesis of qualitative evidence. This article aims to elaborate on a number of key issues in order to provide insights and options on how to avoid or minimize these issues, especially for new reviewers and research students. This article examines difficulties in different stages and presents some examples of how intellectual and technical issues can be approached and resolved, including how to ensure effective identification of the relevant research to answer the review question? What are the potential pitfalls during the screening and evaluation process? The implications of different issues are examined and potential directions are discussed.
The early use of MDMA (‘Ecstasy’) in psychotherapy (1977–1985)
Authors: Passie Torsten
Published: April 2018

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), also known as ecstasy, was first synthesized in 1912 but first reached widespread popularity as a legal alternative after the much sought-after recreational drug 3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine (MDA) was made illegal in 1970. Because of its benign, feeling-enhancing, and nonhallucinatory properties, MDMA was used by a few dozen psychotherapists in the United States between 1977 and 1985, when it was still legal. This article looks into the contexts and practices of its psychotherapeutic use during these years. Some of the guidelines, recommendations, and precautions developed then are similar to those that apply to psychedelic drugs, but others are specific for MDMA. It is evident from this review that the therapists pioneering the use of MDMA were able to develop techniques (and indications/counterindications) for individual and group therapy that laid the groundwork for the use of MDMA in later scientific studies. In retrospect, it appears that the perceived beneficial effects of MDMA supported a revival of psycholytic/psychedelic therapy on an international scale.
Coping and Help-Seeking Strategies Used by Students on the Intensive Foundation Program at the University of Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Mundia Lawrence , Shahrill Masitah
Published: April 2018

Human resource development is one of the major goals of Brunei’s current development plan to be achieved under Wawasan 2035 policy. The University of Brunei Darussalam’s foundation program aims to increase students’ access to higher education among disadvantaged and underrepresented groups. The present field survey investigated how the coping strategies and help-seeking behaviors of 146 (103 females and 43 males) Brunei foundation students would assist. Participants from government secondary schools scored significantly higher on the productive coping and reference to others coping styles than peers from private schools. Main effective predictors of achievement included productive coping, referencing to others, and using resources (library, Internet, peers, lecturers, and self-efficacy). Two-way interactions of the male gender with the library, Internet, lecturers, peers, and self-efficacy would help improve men’s achievement. The interaction of Internet and nonproductive coping also predicted achievement. Interventions for vulnerable and at-risk students were recommended to increase the success rate.
Cross-national research on female working poor in Belgium and China
Authors: Liu Jinghong
Published: April 2018

In general, the gendered trends in working poor are reshaping a new relationship between a processing globalized market and numbers of women, both in developed and developing nations. In this research, we draw up a socio-demographic picture of female working poor between Belgium and China. And within such a cross-national profile examination, we focus on the common and different ways that working poor women were experiencing life. In short, we found that in-work poverty shows a gendered tendency that has been a chronic condition, particularly among women with low income in both nations. Otherwise, in-work poverty focuses on different specific female working groups under varied socioeconomic national contexts.
Curating Research Assets: A Tutorial on the Git Version Control System
Authors: Vuorre Matti , Curley James P.
Published: April 2018

Recent calls for improving reproducibility have increased attention to the ways in which researchers curate, share, and collaborate on their research assets. In this Tutorial, we explain how version control systems, such as the popular Git program, support these functions and then show how to use Git with a graphical interface in the RStudio program. This Tutorial is written for researchers with no previous experience using version control systems and covers both single-user and collaborative workflows. The online Supplemental Material provides information on advanced Git command-line functions. Git presents an elegant solution to specific challenges to curating, sharing, and collaborating on research assets and can be implemented in common workflows with little extra effort.
Impact of a Statewide Oral Oncolytic Initiative on Five Participating Practices
Authors: Mackler Emily , Scappaticci Gianni B. , Salgado Teresa M. , Petersen Laura , Davis Emily J. , Peltier Emily , Griggs Jennifer J. , Sabo Roy T. , Farris Karen B.
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

The shift from infusion to oral oncolytic therapy presents challenges to oncology practitioners. The purpose of this study was to describe how a statewide quality-improvement collaborative can enhance quality of care for patients receiving oral oncolytic therapy.

Methods:

The Michigan Oncology Quality Consortium hosted a series of learning sessions focused on oral oncolytic quality improvement, providing multiple resources to oncology community practices. The first five participating practices reported which of the evidence-based Michigan Oncology Quality Consortium resources provided were implemented at their site. They also performed prepost self-assessments in October 2013 and April 2015 and another in December 2017 to assess sustainability. Concordance with the ASCO Quality Oncology Practice Initiative oral chemotherapy standards, including documentation (five measures), patient education (seven measures), and follow-up/monitoring (four measures), was compared.

Results:

All practices showed improvement between 2013 and 2015 in documentation (32% to 88%; P = .03), patient education (37% to 100%; P could not be calculated), and monitoring (40% to 80%; P > .2). Overall, a significant improvement in concordance was observed (36% to 91%; P = .03). Use of resources from each practice varied, and practices that used more resources showed greater improvements. There was a slight decrease in overall concordance between 2015 and 2017, which was not found to be significant (91% to 84%; P = .53).

Conclusion:

Use of tools from a quality-improvement collaborative improved concordance with national standards of care. Large-scale deployment of this model program may provide a clinically efficient and effective mechanism to enhance widespread change.
Collective Memory and the Transfeminist 1970s
Authors: Enke Finn
Published: April 2018

As we witness a resurgence of white supremacy and fascism and the emergence of new, transformative justice movements, this article encourages a more mixed-up understanding of 1970s feminisms. Many historians have offered nuanced ways of narrating trans and feminist pasts that compel us to consider processes of exclusion past and present. Yet it seems that historians had barely begun to scratch the surface of 1970s feminist history before an ever-evolving set of binary characterizations started to eclipse feminisms' multivocal and multivalent complexities. How did “1970s feminism” enter collective memory as an exclusionary thing distinct from the experiences, labor, and critiques by feminists of color and trans and queer people of the same era? And why, when existing nuanced narratives might invite us to deeper analysis, are stories of exclusion and abjection so magnetic? More to the point, how might we highlight the mixings in the past and envision a less polarized present?
Biomechanics of omnidirectional strikes in flat spiders
Authors: Zeng Yu , Crews Sarah
Published: April 2018

Many ambush predators attack prey using rapid strikes, but these strikes are typically only anteriorly directed. However, a predator may attack laterally- and posteriorly-oriented prey if it can couple the strikes with rapid body reorientation. Here, we examined omnidirectional strikes in flattie spiders (Selenopidae), a group of sit-and-wait ambush predators found on open surfaces. These spiders attack prey throughout their entire peripheral range using rapid strikes that consist of rapid translation and rotation toward the prey. These spiders ambush with radially oriented, long, laterigrade legs in a ready-to-fire status. Once prey is detected, the spider maneuvers toward prey using a single flexion of the legs closest to the prey, which is assisted by 0–3 extension strides by contralateral legs. The within-stance joint actions by a few legs generate a large resultant force pointing to the prey and a large turning moment. Furthermore, the turning speed is enhanced by rapid midair leg adductions, which effectively reduce the spiders’ moment of inertia during angular acceleration. Our results demonstrate a novel hunting behavior with high maneuverability that is generated with effectively controlled reconfigurations of long, laterigrade legs. These results provide insights for understanding the diversity of animal legs and developing highly maneuverable multi-legged robots.
Educational sessions may not be enough to improve knowledge about hand hygiene: Assessing the knowledge about hand hygiene of health workers before and after an educational workshop in Sudan
Authors: Abdalrahman Ihab B. , Shamat Sara , Mamoun Sara , Abdelraheem Reem , Salah Esraa , Elkhalifa Mohammed , Farah Abduraheem , Ali Duaa , Abdalla Abdelmohaymin A. , Saeed Eman , Dafaalla Mohamed
Published: April 2018

Background: In an attempt to defeat the high prevalence of health care associated infections, by raising the awareness about hand hygiene, we implemented a quasi-experimental study as part of a quality improvement project to evaluate the efficacy of focused educational workshop on knowledge about hand hygiene among health care workers in Sudan.

Methods: Seventy-three participants were recruited from two public hospitals and one private hospital in Khartoum, Sudan in September 2017. The knowledge before and after the educational workshop was assessed for each participant using the World Health Organization hygiene associated infection questionnaire. We analyzed data using SPSS v22 and used McNemar’s test to compare knowledge before and after the workshop.

Results: Around 40% of participants worked in general ward and 85% of them were women. Almost 70% were midwives or nurses. The mean age of participants was 28.4 years. We compared the knowledge of hand hygiene between nurses and doctors before the workshop, and the results showed that nurses had better knowledge in almost all aspects of hand hygiene. When we compared the knowledge before and immediately after the workshop for all participants, we found that there was no significant improvement in almost all aspects of knowledge about hand hygiene (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Comparing the knowledge before and after the workshop, we found no significant improvement in almost all aspects of hand hygiene. Of note, nurses’ knowledge about hand hygiene was consistently higher than doctors.  Additional studies are needed to identify the optimal design of educational sessions.
The acid tolerance response and pH adaptation of Enterococcus faecalis in extract of lime Citrus aurantiifolia from Aceh Indonesia
Authors: Mubarak Zaki , Soraya Cut
Published: April 2018

Background: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the acid tolerance response and pH adaptation whenEnterococcusfaecalisinteracted with extract of lime (Citrus aurantiifolia).

Methods:We usedE. faecalisATCC 29212 and lime extract from Aceh, Indonesia. The microbe was analyzed for its pH adaptation, acid tolerance response, and adhesion assay using a light microscope with a magnification of x1000. Further, statistical tests were performed to analyze both correlation and significance of the acid tolerance and pH adaptation as well as the interaction activity.

Results:E. faecaliswas able to adapt to a very acidic environment (pH 2.9), which was characterized by an increase in its pH (reaching 4.2) at all concentrations of the lime extract (p < 0.05).E. faecaliswas also able to provide acid tolerance response to lime extract based on spectrophotometric data (595 nm) (p < 0.05). Also, the interaction activity ofE. faecalisin different concentrations of lime extract was relatively stable within 6 up to 12 hours (p < 0.05), but it became unstable within 24–72 hours (p > 0.05) based on the mass profiles of its interaction activity.

Conclusions:E. faecaliscan adapt to acidic environments (pH 2.9–4.2); it is also able to tolerate acid generated byCitrus aurantiifoliaextract, revealing a stable interaction in the first 6–12 hours.
Pedagogical features of carrying out information and organizational activities in the selection of citizens for service in the internal affairs bodies
Authors: Русаков Виктор , Rusakov Viktor , Авершин Денис , Avershin D.
Published: April 2018

In this article are made attempts to determine the main components of the elements of information and organizational activities, as well as their tasks. The main elements of the selection of candidates are clearly enshrined in the legislation of our country, nevertheless, there are a number of problems that need to be resolved. The work shows that the implementation of equal access of citizens to the service in the internal affairs bodies is a key provision, since it can be implemented provided in the form of informing and orienting citizens about the possibility of entering the service in the internal affairs bodies. Information and organizational activities in personnel selection are accompanied by stimulation of the best human and psychological qualities for candidates for service, which has an educational effect on citizens seeking to enter the service in the internal affairs bodies. In addition, in direct conversation between employees of units for work with personnel with candidates for service, a positive image of an employee of the internal affairs bodies is formed by bringing the qualification requirements to him.
The problem of correlation of professional expectations and realities in students of departmental universities at the final stage of training (based on research materials)
Authors: Николаев Олег , Nikolaev Oleg , Николаева (Зайцева) Наталья , Nicolaeva (Zaytseva) Natalya
Published: April 2018

The article deals with the problem of the discrepancy between motivational expectations, educational and professional attitudes of students of senior courses in departmental universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system with initial practical experience in practical bodies during pre-diploma practice at the final stage of training. Some aspects of the crisis of professional expectations, revealed during questionnaires of students at the end of pre-diploma practice, and the need to identify areas of assistance in overcoming this crisis are analyzed.
Prevention of socio-psychological conflicts as a condition for the creation of a favorable socio-psychological climate in the service team of the agencies of internal affairs
Authors: Вахнина Виктория , Vahnina Viktoriya , Михайлов Валерий , Mihaylov Valeriy , Штейников Никита , Shteynikov Nikita
Published: April 2018

The effectiveness of managerial activity of the heads of the internal affairs bodies is aimed at the formation of a favorable social and psychological climate in the service team. Favorable climate in the team is ensured by taking into account the socio-psychological factors that determine the style of management activity, the level of conflict in the team, degree of socio-psychological compatibility and teamwork. The implementation of the basic functions of management depends on the style of management and personal qualities of the leader himself. At present, the concept of conflict in the normative and legal acts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is not reflected, there is only the concept of a conflict of interests, which is legally fixed. Personal responsibility for maintaining the official discipline, the formation of a favorable social and psychological climate in the service team is entrusted to the head (chief). In the prevention of socio-psychological conflicts, the most important role belongs to the leader, his ability to distribute responsibilities psychologically, rightly assess the achieved results, act as an intermediary in the settlement of emerging conflicts, disputes and contradictions.
Dynamic Scheduling in a Many-Server, Multiclass System: The Role of Customer Impatience in Large Systems
Authors: Kim Jeunghyun , Randhawa Ramandeep S. , Ward Amy R.
Published: April 2018

Problem definition: We study optimal scheduling of customers in service systems, such as call centers. In such systems, customers typically hang up and abandon the system if their wait for service is too long. Such abandonments are detrimental for the system, and so managers typically use scheduling as a tool to mitigate it. In this paper, we study the interplay between customer impatience and scheduling decisions when managing heterogeneous customer classes. Academic/practical relevance: Call centers constitute a large industry that has a global spending of around $300 billion and employs more than 15 million people worldwide. Our work focuses on improving call center operations, which can reduce costs and improve customer satisfaction. Mathematically, customer patience is typically modeled as exponentially distributed for tractability. Our work makes inroads into relaxing this restrictive assumption to allow modeling more realistic call center situations. Methodology: We use heavy traffic–motivated asymptotic queueing machinery that provides us the traction to successfully capture and incorporate the customer impatience distribution into the scheduling problem. In our approach, the scheduling problem reduces to a diffusion control problem, which we solve to propose near-optimal scheduling policies. Results: We propose near-optimal scheduling policies that can be implemented by call centers to improve their quality-of-service metrics. One of our main results is that, for a class of parameters, we establish sufficient conditions for both the optimality and nonoptimality of threshold policies. Managerial implications: Threshold policies are widely used for scheduling. Our work provides additional insight into whether these may be suboptimal. Our work provides an easy-to-implement alternative that can reduce customer abandonments considerably; for instance, our numerical results indicate that for a system with two customer types, the abandonment rate of one class can be lowered by 30% by using our policy relative to the best threshold policy.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0642 .
An evaluation of an ultrasonic debridement system in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a case series
Authors: Campitiello Ferdinando , Mancone Manfredi , Corte Angela Della , Guerniero Raffaella , Canonico Silvestro
Published: April 2018

Objective:

This study evaluated the use of ultrasonic debridement in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).

Method:

In this prospective, single-arm, open-label study, all patients with DFUs underwent wound debridement by ultrasonic debridement system (SonicOne OR Ultrasonic debridement system). Wherever possible, the edges were approximated by means of stitches. In other cases, the surgical breach healed by secondary intention, or a partial thickness skin graft (with or without Integra Dermal Regeneration Template or Integra Flowable Wound Matrix) was applied, and subsequently healed by primary intention.

Results:

We assessed 15 patients with a DFU. The time required for debridement was short (an average 15.06±4.02 minutes). Complete wound healing (defined as 100% re-epithelialisation) was achieved in all 15 cases. Median time to heal was 39.20±16.05 days. The ultrasonic debridement system was found to show adequate debridement while preserving more viable tissue to promote rapid healing.

Conclusion:

Our findings show that the device demonstrates advantages in the reduction of debridement times, and efficacy in safely preserving the viable tissue, with a low complication rate in surgery of DFUs. A study that uses a larger cohort is required to fully evaluate the effectiveness, or otherwise, of the ultrasonic debridement system.
Management of people with swallowing difficulties in late-stage neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Mulkerrin Síofra , Edwards Victoria , Roberts Rhys
Published: April 2018

In many neurodegenerative conditions the ability to swallow often changes increasing the risk for disordered swallowing, known as dysphagia. Assessment and management of dysphagia in these conditions can be complex and challenging. A suitable, timely assessment is important to ensure that management is appropriate and patient specific. This article looks at the different dysphagia assessments and the management issues that need to be taken into consideration in late-stage neurodegenerative disease.
Preoperative assessments and treatment outcomes in conscious sedation
Authors: Champaneri Sumeet , Morgan Claire , Shehabi Zahra
Published: April 2018

How pre-sedation assessments can identify risk factors that can influence the success of conscious sedation.
Flora of Bahia: Hydrocharitaceae
Authors: Aona Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme , Sousa Danilo José Lima de , Carvalho Maria Luiza Silveira de , Costa Grênivel Mota da
Published: April 2018

Hydrocharitaceae is represented by five genera and seven species in the state of Bahia: Apalanthe granatensis, Egeria densa, Halophila decipiens, Limnobium laevigatum, Najas conferta, N. guadalupensis, and N. marina. We present an identification key, descriptions, illustrations, comments, and distribution maps of the species in Bahia.
Flora da Bahia: Juncaceae
Authors: Giulietti Ana Maria , Teixeira de Lima Carla , Lacerda Lopes Martins Márcio , Santos Carneiro-Torres Daniela , De Oliveira Reyjane Patrícia
Published: April 2018

The flora of Juncaceae from Bahia State, Brazil, is presented here. Four species of Juncus are recognised: J. densiflorus, J. marginatus, J. micranthus and J. microcephalus. This is the first report of J. marginatus in the Northeast Brazil; the species was previously known only from the South. An identification key, descriptions, illustrations, general notes and distribution maps of species in Bahia are provided.
Flora da Bahia: Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Carneiro-Torres Daniela Santos , Silva Otávio Luís Marques da , Cordeiro Inês
Published: April 2018

Twenty-nine species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) from the state of Bahia are recognized here. Key for identification, descriptions, illustrations, and comments about the taxa, as well as distribution maps of the species in the state, are presented.
Recuperando la espacialidad de los sujetos: metodologías cualitativas para el análisis espacial, un modelo de topos, paisajes y tecnologías
Authors: Sepúlveda Sepúlveda Ulises Mario
Published: April 2018

Los diseños cualitativos y sus modelos de análisis en geografía han sido objeto de debate debido a la falta de claridad a la hora de exponer las diferentes opciones metodológicas tomadas por los investigadores, y de explicitar las formas de análisis para la producción de resultados desde una perspectiva cualitativa. El presente trabajo describe un dispositivo metodológico cualitativo/espacial utilizado para el estudio de la experiencia espacial de estudiantes de la Región Metropolitana (Chile), así como el modelo de análisis de la información que fue implementado. Se da cuenta de una aproximación topológica de trabajo en la producción de datos (entrevista topológica), así como de un proceso de codificación en base a topos, asegurando la perspectiva espacial de las experiencias de los sujetos. Se presentan dos tipos de resultados obtenidos, el primero de ellos a la reconstrucción de paisajes de interiorización de las experiencias de los sujetos y el segundo a la producción de tecnologías desarrolladas por los estudiantes en los espacios que habitan.
Bilder verteilen
Authors: Gerling Winfried , Holschbach Susanne , Löffler Petra
Published: April 2018

Digitale Fotografien sind allgegenwärtig: Sie werden täglich milliardenfach erzeugt, verbreitet, kommentiert und gespeichert. Im Zusammenspiel mit digitalen Technologien und sozialen Netzwerken sind Praktiken entstanden, die Produktion und Rezeption, Distribution und Archivierung fotografischer Bilder radikal verändert haben. Sie werden dabei ebenso von ihren Prosumer/innen verteilt, geordnet und bewertet wie von Maschinen, Software und Algorithmen. Wie verschieben sich dadurch fotografische Konzepte von Autorschaft, Referenz und Relevanz? Welche Ästhetiken, Wissensordnungen und Archive entstehen in digitalen Kulturen? Dieser Band erschließt erstmals systematisch die neuen Technologien und kulturellen Praktiken, durch die fotografische Bilder gegenwärtig verteilt und wirksam werden.
Contact disturbance and self-esteem as the predictors of the abuse perceived in romantic relationship
Romantik ilişkilerde algılanan istismarın yordayıcıları olarak temas engelleri ve benlik saygısı
Authors: Tagay Özlem , Çalışandemir Fatma , Ünüvar Perihan
Published: April 2018

Abuse in romantic relationships, in a general sense, includes provision of power and control by means of physical, psychological and sexual senses by couples who are in an emotional relationship. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between young adults’ perceived abuse in romantic relationships and their self-esteem and contact disturbances. Work group of the study consisted of a total of 255 young adults including 182 women (71.4%) and 73 men (28.6%) whose age ranged between 21 and 35. Considering relationship status in the work group, it was specified that 91 of young adults did not have any relationships, 67 of them had a relationship, 23 of them were engaged, 72 of them were married and 2 of them were divorced. Research data was collected through Romantic Relationships Assessment Scale, Contact Disturbances Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. For the analysis of data obtained, Pearson Moment Correlation technique and multiple linear regression analysis were used. When research results were examined, it was found that full contact disturbances predicted perceived abuse in romantic relationships significantly in positively and self-esteem predicted perceived abuse significantly negatively.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetRomantik ilişkilerde yaşanan istismar en genel anlamda duygusal beraberliği olan çiftlerin birbirlerine karşı fiziksel, psikolojik ve cinsel anlamda baskı yoluyla güç ve kontrol sağlamasıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı genç yetişkinlerin romantik ilişkilerinde algıladıkları istismar ile temas engelleri ve benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Burdur ilinde yaşayan lisans mezunu ve lisan son sınıfa devam eden yaşları 21 ile 35 arasında değişen 182 kadın (%71,4) ve 73 erkek (%28,6) olmak üzere toplam 255 genç yetişkin oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunun ilişki durumuna bakılacak olursa genç yetişkinlerin 91’i ilişkisinin olmadığını, 67’si flört yaşadığını, 23’ü nişanlı olduğunu, 72’si evli olduğunu, 2’si boşanmış olduğunu belirtmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Romantik İlişkileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Temas Engelleri Ölçeği ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği ile elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizi için Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon tekniği ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları incelendiğinde tam temas engelinin romantik ilişkilerde algılanan istismarı pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve benlik saygısının ise romantik ilişkilerde algılanan istismarı negatif yönde anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı bulunmuştur.
Two new species of the phyline plant bug genus Randallopsallus from Southeast Asia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae)
Authors: Yasunaga Tomohide , Duwal Ram Keshari
Published: April 2018

The phyline plant bug genus Randallopsallus Yasunaga, 2013 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) is rediagnosed, with discussion on its tribal placement in the subfamily Phylinae. Current evidence suggests that this unique genus is best placed in Pilophorini and may be closely related to Parastenaridea Miller, 1937. Two new species, Randallopsallus berastagi sp. nov. (from North Sumatra, Indonesia) and R. malayanus sp. nov. (Peninsular Malaysia), are described. A key is provided to facilitate the identification of the three known Randallopsallus species.
Review of the whirligig beetle genus Gyrinus of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae)
Authors: Gustafson Grey T. , Short Andrew E. Z.
Published: April 2018

The Venezuelan species of the genus Gyrinus Geoffroy, 1762 are reviewed (Gyrinidae: Gyrininae: Gyrinini). The Venezuelan Gyrinus fauna is found to be comprised of nine species distributed among the subgenera Neogyrinus Hatch, 1926 and Oreogyrinus Ochs, 1935, although Gyrinus (Oreogyrinus) colombicus Régimbart, 1883 is known from imprecisely localized and potentially mislabeled specimens and the species presumably does not occur in Venezuela. Three new species are described: G. (Oreogyrinus) vinolentus sp. nov. from the Andes, and G. (Oreogyrinus) iridinus sp. nov. and G. (Neogyrinus) sabanensis sp. nov., from the Guiana Shield region. Two new synonymies are established: G. amazonicus Ochs, 1958 syn. nov. is synonymized with G. guianus Ochs, 1935, and G. racenisi Ochs, 1953 syn. nov. is synonymized with G. ovatus Aubé, 1838. Gyrinus (Oreogyrinus) feminalis Mouchamps, 1957, described from Venezuela from two female syntypes only, is considered as species inquirendum, as the types were not found. For each species a dorsal habitus, illustration of male and female genitalia, and distribution map are provided. A key and checklist for the Venezuelan Gyrinus species is included.
Anaphes flavipes: redescription, neotype designation, and comparison with A. nipponicus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae)
Authors: Samková Alena , Janšta Petr , Huber John T.
Published: April 2018

A neotype for Anaphes flavipes (Foerster, 1841) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), a biological control agent of Oulema melanopus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is designated. The extensive literature on A. flavipes is compiled and the morphological variability of selected morphological structures of numerous reared specimens from across its presently known geographic range (mainly eastern Nearctic and western Palearctic) is described. Anaphes flavipes is compared with what appears to be morphologically and biologically the most similar species, A. nipponicus Kuwayama, 1932, from Japan, which is briefly redescribed. Anaphes auripes Walker, 1846, syn. nov., is placed in synonymy under A. flavipes. The following new country and state records for A. flavipes are provided: Czech Republic, Ukraine, Canada (Nova Scotia), USA (Virginia).
Playing with Intoxication: On the Cultivation of Shame and Virtue in Plato’s Laws
Authors: Baima Nicholas R.
Published: April 2018

This paper examines Plato’s conception of shame and the role intoxication plays in cultivating it in theLaws. Ultimately, this paper argues that there are two accounts of shame in theLaws. There is a public sense of shame that is more closely tied to the rational faculties and a private sense of shame that is more closely tied to the non-rational faculties. Understanding this division between public and private shame not only informs our understanding of Plato’s moral psychology, but his political and ethical theory as well.
On the number of subsets of the residue ring such that the difference of any pair of elements is not invertible
Authors: Roldugin Pavel V.
Published: April 2018

The paper is concerned with subsets I of the residue group Zd
in which the difference of any two elements is not relatively prime to d. The class of such subsets is denoted by U(d), the class of sets from U(d) of cardinality r is denoted by U(d, r). The present paper gives formulas for evaluation or estimation of |U(d)| and |U(d, r)|.
Ethical, moral and social dimensions in farm production practices: a segmentation study to assess Irish consumers’ perceptions of meat quality
Authors: Regan Á. , Henchion M , McIntyre B
Published: April 2018

Growing consumer concerns with modern farming and food production systems indicate a significant market opportunity for meat production practices that consider ethical, moral and social value traits. In the current study, we aimed to identify and characterise distinct segments of Irish consumers based on their perceptions of the quality of meat from different farm-level production practices (organic farming, high animal welfare standards, free range farming, and “natural”, treatment-free feeding regimes). An online survey was carried out with 251 Irish meat consumers. Using cluster analysis, we identified three distinct segments: “Target consumers”, “Purist consumers” and “Disinterested consumers”. Chi-square analyses revealed differences between the segments based on gender, age and meat-purchasing motivations. The results provide insight into the opportunities that exist for exploring new viable market segments as well as for engaging Irish consumers and empowering them with information around the ethical, social and moral aspects of farm-level practices related to meat production.
Ignorance could hurt: an assessment of fertility awareness, childbirth intentions and parenting attitudes among university students
Authors: Abiodun Olumide , Alausa Kamil , Olasehinde Olanrewaju
Published: April 2018

Background:

An emerging pattern of increasing median age at first birth among women has been well documented in Western countries. A similar but less remarkable trend is being experienced in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a paucity of information in Sub-Saharan Africa about awareness of age-related fertility decline. The aim of this study was to assess the perception of fertility, childbirth intentions and parenting attitudes among university students.

Materials and methods:

A cross-sectional survey of 231 female and 158 male students randomly selected university undergraduates in Nigeria using a self-reported questionnaire.

Results:

The respondents overestimated the ages of slight (92.1%) and marked decline (89.4%) in female fertility. The chance of pregnancy after unprotected sex during ovulation was overestimated by 93.1% of the respondents. Over three-quarters of them overestimated the success rate of in-vitro fertilization. The sources of information regarding fertility issues were mainly school (40.1%), the media (20.6%) and family members (18.8%). About 98.7% of the childless respondents reported an intention to have children in the future. The mean number of children desired was 3.29±1.14. Females desire to have their first and last children earlier than males (p=0.000). The perceived potential obstacles to having the desired children were the pursuit of career aspirations (35.5%) and the pursuit of personal interests (20.8%).

Conclusions:

Misconceptions about fertility issues have grave implications for involuntary childlessness and secondary infertility. Comprehensive family planning education that will address the misconceptions about female fecundity and parenting issues are required.
Improving the attitudes of primary care practitioners toward adolescent care: a pre-post intervention pilot study
Authors: Santos Maria Inês , Rosário Frederico , Santos Elisabete , Ferrão Alzira
Published: April 2018

Background

Investing in adolescent health is among the most cost-effective health measures. Primary care practitioners are ideally positioned to deliver such interventions. However, several barriers hinder them from engaging with adolescents.

Objective

To pilot test the impact of a 1-day training session on adolescent health on the attitudes of primary care practitioners toward adolescent care.

Subjects

Participants were family physicians and nurses enrolled in a 1-day training session on adolescent health.

Methods

A non-randomized, pre-post intervention study with no control group. Data on barriers for providing care to adolescents, preferred pediatric age group and attitudes toward adolescent care were collected immediately prior. Participants’ attitudes were measured again immediately after training.

Results

Most participants reported they preferred to attend pediatric groups other than adolescents. The most frequently reported barriers were: excessive amount of time needed and lack of training. Participants reported positive pre-training attitudes, with mean scores above the midpoint of the scale in all dimensions. Significant positive improvements were observed after training in Adequacy, Self-esteem and Satisfaction. Subgroup analysis showed that at baseline, professionals who preferred to work with adolescents had significantly more positive attitudes in Adequacy, Self-esteem and Satisfaction. After training there was a general improvement in attitudes in both groups, with attenuation of the differences between them.

Conclusion

Participation in a 1-day tailored educational intervention on adolescent health had a positive impact on the attitudes of primary care practitioners, regardless of their preferred age group. This improvement may lead to more active engagement with adolescents and substantial health gains.
Effects of acetone extract of Cola nitida on brain sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity and spatial memory in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic female Wistar rats
Authors: Imam-Fulani Aminat Omolola , Sanusi Kamaldeen Olalekan , Owoyele Bamidele Victor
Published: April 2018

Background

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of acetone extract of Cola nitida on brain Na+/K+-ATPase activity and spatial memory of healthy and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic female Wistar rats.

Methods

Forty-two female Wistar rats were used for this study and were randomly distributed into six groups (n=7). Rats in group 1 were used as control and were administered normal saline; group 2 rats were healthy rats administered 50 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day; group 3 rats were healthy rats administered 100 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day; group 4 rats were a diabetic group also administered normal saline; group 5 rats were diabetic rats administered 50 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day; and group 6 rats were diabetic rats administered 100 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day. Diabetes was induced with 50 mg/kg of STZ. After 3 weeks of administration, the spatial memories of the rats were tested using the Y-maze, followed by assay of Na+/K+-ATPase activity.

Results

The result shows a significant increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activity of diabetic treated groups (5 and 6) when compared with the diabetic group (4) and a significant increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activity of healthy treated groups (2 and 3) when compared with control. Also, there was a significant increase in spatial memory of the diabetic treated groups when compared with diabetic group.

Conclusions

This study revealed that kola nut extract has restorative effect on brain Na+/K+-ATPase activities and spatial memory of STZ-induced diabetic female Wistar rats.