bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Fungal Activity Testing of Purple Cabbage (Brassica oleracea Linn.) Ethanol Extract in Inhibiting The Fungi Growth Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur
Authors: Khairani Tetty Noverita , Fitri Khairani , Andry Muhammad , Sarumaha Paska Eli
Published: January 2025

One of the plants that has the potential to be utilized as medicine is purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea Linn.). Commensal fungi like Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur can be found in the genitourinary tract, vagina, urethra, skin, fingers, and toes, among other places on the body. The purpose of: The study aimed to learn more about the antifungal properties of the ethanol extract of purple cabbage in preventing the growth of Malassezia furfur and Candida albicans. This study used an experimental design to examine the independent variables of the purple cabbage extract with various doses of the growth activity test of Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur, as well as their inhibition zones. Purple cabbage contains steroids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoid compounds. With concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and positive control, the average diameter of the inhibitory zone for Candida albicans was 4.83 mm, 7.2mm, 8.75mm, and 6.21mm. The concentrations of Malassezia furfur at 10%, 20%, 30%, and the positive control were 4.61mm, 6.36mm, 8.83mm, and 6.15mm, respectively. As a negative control, DMSO failed to exhibit an inhibitory zone. Statistics revealed a substantial difference, indicating that the concentration had an impact on how the inhibition zone developed. The ethanol extract of purple cabbage has antifungal action, and the treatment with the 30% extract concentration forms the optimal concentration. It is advised that more research be done on the antifungal activity of purple cabbage extract against various kinds of fungus and that dosage forms be created for it.
Formulation of Conventional Herbal Tablets Based on Lempuyang Wangi, Daun Pegagan, Adas Manis and Temulawak for Weight Gain
Authors: Ratu Renike Lyana Monalisa , Suwitono Marvel Reuben , Sulastri Titin
Published: January 2025

There are many medicinal plants in Indonesia and people have used these medicinal plants to overcome health problems. Tablets are usually made by mixing these ingredients, then pressing the mixture into a solid and easy-to-take form. This study aims to develop a conventional tablet formulation from herbal extracts of Lempuyang Wangi, Pegagan Leaves, Sweet Fennel and Temulawak to increase weight gain. Data were analyzed by conducting granule testing. The results showed that the developed tablet formulation met the requirements for weight uniformity and disintegration time. However, the hardness of the tablet was still below standard. This study shows the potential for further development of this herbal tablet formulation by optimizing the amount and type of binder. The conclusion is that herbal tablets can increase body weight, but optimization of the formulation is still needed.
PERDA GESTACIONAL E O ACOMPANHAMENTO PSICOLÓGICO NO LUTO MATERNO
Authors: SANTOS MATHEUS ELIAS DOS
Published: January 2025

A gestação é um período transformador que envolve profundas mudanças físicas, emocionais e
sociais na vida da mulher, reestrutura a visão de si, suas relações e perspectivas de futuro. A perda
gestacional provoca uma quebra repentina nos sonhos e expectativas investidos desde antes da
gestação, o que exige elaboração emocional frente ao luto materno vivenciado. O presente estudo
tem por objetivo discutir as condutas e intervenções do profissional de psicologia frente à perda
gestacional no contexto hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência a
partir dos atendimentos realizados pelo psicólogo residente em Saúde da Mulher. O local de
intervenção foi o Centro Obstétrico/COB de um Hospital Universitário localizado no Estado de
Pernambuco. Os atendimentos voltados às mães que vivenciaram a perda gestacional devem ser
realizados na perspectiva do cuidado humanizado e integral, considerando as angústias geradas, para
além das alterações físicas ocorridas nesse processo. Para maior aprofundamento nos estudos da
temática e compreensão de suas implicações no bem-estar de quem a vivencia, faz-se oportuno a
continuidade da produção científica quanto aos aspectos psicológicos, emocionais e sociais, que são
afetados nas ocorrências de perdas gestacionais.
Los espacios escolares de las escuelas en el municipio de Texcoco en el siglo XX
Authors: Alonso Segura Ma. Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo tiene como intención dar a conocer los espacios escolares que existieron en el municipio de Texcoco durante las dos primeras décadas del siglo XX, donde se generó una cultura escolar influenciada por el proceso de centralización que existió en la época. En el desarrollo de la investigación se utilizó la perspectiva teórica de la historia social, la cual fue conceptualizada como una historia que considera los procesos internos de las escuelas y sus relaciones entre la educación y el sistema político. Bajo esta perspectiva es indispensable hacer énfasis en la vida cotidiana, en la cual los actores educativos encuentran relación con el contexto social, y se recuperó la voz de aquellas personas que no fueron escuchadas; por lo tanto, el estudio del pasado permitió conocer otras versiones históricas de lo vivido. La herramienta metodológica utilizada fue el análisis documental, en el cual confluyeron las fuentes primarias y secundarias y permitieron reconstruir un relato histórico sobre los espacios escolares, que se clasificaron en escuelas elementales de la cabecera municipal y escuelas de los pueblos o barrios. Cabe mencionar que sí existió un trato diferencial en la atención y el reparto de recursos que la autoridad local y estatal brindaba a las escuelas para su funcionamiento, además considerando ciertos elementos como su ubicación territorial, el censo de niños en edad escolar, el pago de la renta del local, la tenencia de un profesor, para que las escuelas se mantuvieran abiertas o cerradas.
Una relectura a las actividades del XVIII Encuentro Internacional de Historia de la Educación
Authors: Trujillo Holguín Jesús Adolfo
Published: January 2025

Como ha ocurrido en diferentes momentos a lo largo de las últimas décadas, el pasado mes de noviembre del 2024 se celebró una emisión más del Encuentro Internacional de Historia de la Educación, evento auspiciado por la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia de la Educación (SOMEHIDE). Por la relevancia que tiene esta fiesta académica de las y los historiadores de la educación, dedicamos la presente nota editorial del Anuario Mexicano de Historia de la Educación para realizar una narrativa de las actividades que se desarrollaron a lo largo de tres días, así como para hacer una relectura del significado que tuvo este espacio de diálogo y encuentro para la consolidación de nuestra área de estudio. En esta ocasión las actividades se desarrollaron en las instalaciones de la Benemérita y Centenaria Escuela Normal del Estado de San Luis Potosí y además participaron en su organización el Sistema Educativo Estatal Regular, la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional Unidad 241, la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí y El Colegio de San Luis.
AI-enhanced channel estimation and signal processing for MIMO systems in 5g/6g radio frequency networks
Authors: Aditi Roy  , Tasriqul Islam
Published: January 2025

This study explores AI-Enhanced Channel Estimation and Signal Processing for MIMO Systems in 5G/6G Radio Frequency Networks, addressing key challenges in optimizing network performance. It examines critical research questions and objectives, structuring the analysis around advanced methodologies and frameworks tailored to the field. By leveraging AI-driven approaches, the study systematically enhances the credibility and reliability of the results, highlighting significant outcomes such as improved channel estimation accuracy, reduced latency, and enhanced spectral efficiency. These findings contribute to advancing domain knowledge and practice by introducing innovative strategies for addressing the complexities of next-generation wireless networks.
The research also underscores the need to generalize its observations while offering pragmatic recommendations for practitioners, policymakers, and scholars. It identifies actionable insights and proposes future research directions to extend the applicability of AI in wireless communication systems. This study bridges theoretical advancements and practical implementations, emphasizing the transformative potential of AI-driven signal processing in MIMO systems.
Ultimately, the work advocates for more interdisciplinary research to maximize the benefits of AI technologies in radio frequency networks, laying the foundation for future exploration in the 5G/6G landscape. By addressing critical gaps and presenting new perspectives, this research strengthens the case for adopting AI-enabled solutions in the telecommunications industry.
SCADA in the Era of IoT: Automation, Cloud-driven security, and machine learning applications
Authors: Aliyu Enemosah  , Ogbonna George Ifeanyi
Published: January 2025

The convergence of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems with the Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Learning (ML) is redefining automation, security, and operational efficiency across industries. Traditional SCADA systems, widely used in critical infrastructure such as energy, water management, and industrial processes, are undergoing a transformative shift with the integration of IoT. IoT-enabled sensors and devices provide real-time data streams from diverse operational environments, enabling SCADA systems to achieve enhanced situational awareness and remote monitoring capabilities. Machine Learning further augments SCADA systems by introducing advanced analytics for predictive maintenance and anomaly detection. ML algorithms analyse vast datasets collected through IoT devices to forecast system failures, optimize resource utilization, and ensure uninterrupted operations. This predictive approach minimizes downtime, reduces maintenance costs, and improves overall efficiency. Cloud-driven security frameworks are pivotal in addressing the growing cybersecurity challenges associated with SCADA and IoT integration. These frameworks provide scalable and resilient solutions for protecting data integrity, preventing unauthorized access, and mitigating cyber threats. The deployment of ML-driven cybersecurity solutions enhances the ability to detect and respond to sophisticated attacks targeting SCADA environments. This paper examines the evolution of SCADA systems in the era of IoT, focusing on the transformative role of ML and cloud-driven security. It explores innovative applications, highlights the challenges of integrating these technologies, and provides insights into future advancements for creating robust and secure automated systems.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for predictive supply chain management, focus on how AI- driven tools are revolutionizing demand forecasting and inventory optimization
Authors: Uche Nweje  , Moyosore Taiwo
Published: January 2025

The dynamic landscape of global supply chains necessitates innovative solutions to tackle challenges in demand forecasting and inventory optimization. Traditional methods, often constrained by limited adaptability and scalability, struggle to manage the complexities of modern supply chains. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force, enabling predictive supply chain management through advanced data analytics, machine learning algorithms, and real-time decision-making capabilities. By harnessing AI-driven tools, businesses can accurately forecast demand patterns, reduce stockouts, and minimize excess inventory, thereby improving operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. AI-powered systems leverage historical data, market trends, and external factors such as economic shifts and weather conditions to provide precise predictions. These tools enhance responsiveness by identifying potential disruptions and enabling proactive measures, ensuring supply chain resilience. Furthermore, AI facilitates seamless integration across supply chain nodes, fostering collaboration and enabling data-driven insights that were previously unattainable. From predictive analytics for demand forecasting to intelligent automation in inventory management, AI-driven tools are revolutionizing the traditional supply chain model. Case studies reveal substantial reductions in holding costs, improved lead times, and enhanced supply chain visibility. However, challenges such as data quality, system integration, and ethical considerations in AI deployment remain critical areas for exploration. This paper looks into the transformative impact of AI on predictive supply chain management, highlighting key advancements, practical applications, and challenges. The insights presented underscore the pivotal role of AI in driving efficiency and innovation in an increasingly complex and competitive global economy.
Evaluation of parental satisfaction and improvement of oral health for uncooperative pediatric patients treated under general anesthesia in Queen Alia Military Hospital
Authors: Hind AbdAlsalam Almaaitah  , Alaa Odeh Al Maaita  , Heba Ahmad Altarawneh  , Amal Tayseer Fayez Al-Khraisha  , Maram Eid Salman Batarseh
Published: January 2025

Aim: The study explores parental satisfaction in paediatric dentistry, examining the impact of proposed variables on a paediatric cohort and their parents, and examining correlations between categorised variables and graded parental satisfaction.

Methods: This study is a retrospective observational study at Queen Alia Military Hospital, involving 120 pediatric patients and their parents from January 2023 to November 2024. The participants were assessed for ineligibility for non-anesthetic procedures and parental consent was obtained. The study examined parental tested variables, including educational levels and periprocedural communication quality. Parental satisfaction levels were classified into three ordinal categories: poor, good, and excellent. The Dental Satisfaction Scale questionnaire was used to assess parental satisfaction. Chi-square analyses were used to evaluate the distributional rates across the three levels of parental satisfaction. Pearson correlations were also examined to examine the statistical significance of the variation in satisfaction levels.

Results: This study examined the satisfaction levels of pediatric patients who underwent dental procedures, focusing on extraction only, dual restoration with exodontia, or restoration with pulp therapy. The overall satisfaction rates were 6 (5%), 39 (32.5%), and 75 (62.5%), respectively. The gender distribution rates were insignificant, with 62 males (51.7%) and 58 females (48.3%) participating. The age distribution rates were insignificant, with 46.7% of patients under 6 years attending testing. This study examined five predefined variables related to post-procedural dental procedures in children. Four of these variables were related to the paediatric cohorts, while the fifth variable was the parental involvement. All variables showed significant correlations across parental satisfaction levels. The study found that post-procedural food consumption, sleep quality, and reintegration rates in social activities were positively correlated with parental satisfaction. However, recovery time had a negative correlation with parental satisfaction. The study also found a positive correlation between parental satisfaction and perioperative communication between the dental department and the parental cohort of paediatric patients undergoing dental procedures under anesthesia.

Conclusion: The study found that comprehensive dental rehabilitation for uncooperative children, along with post-procedural improvements in oral health, sleep quality, and social reintegration activities, significantly improved parental satisfaction levels and overall healthcare system quality.
A review on car-t cell therapy- traditional strategies for cancer treatment
Authors: V. V. Rajesham  , K. Madhuri  , M. Abhiram  , B. Ashmitha  , T. Rama Rao
Published: January 2025

Cancer is the world's top cause of death. Numerous cytotoxic immunotherapies and traditional treatments have been created and introduced to the market. The development of a viable immunotherapy that targets cancers at both the cellular and genetic levels is necessary due to the complicated behaviour of tumors and the involvement of multiple genetic and cellular variables in tumorigenesis and metastasis. A new therapeutic T cell engineering technique called chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell treatment involves in vitro altering patient blood-derived T cells to express synthetic receptors that are directed against a particular tumor antigen. The major histocompatibility complex is not involved in these; instead, the tumor antigen is directly identified. The use of this therapy in the last few years has been successful, with a reduction in remission rates of up to 80% for hematologic cancer, particularly for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non‑Hodgkin lymphomas, such as large B cell lymphoma. CAR therapy has the potential to offer a rapid and safer treatment regime to treat non‑solid and solid tumors. CAR-T cell therapy's most significant benefit over other cancer treatments is its quick time intervention a single infusion of CAR T cells. Additionally, the patient only has to be properly cared for and observed for two to three weeks. CAR T cell therapy is considered a "drug of the present day," and because the cells may live in the host body for a long time and have the capacity to continuously identify and eliminate cancer cells after relapse, its effectiveness may last for decades. The present review insight into the structure and evolution of chimeric antigen receptors, we then report on the tools used for production of CAR-T cells. Finally, we address the challenges posed by CAR-T cells.
Pharmacotherapy of Stereotypes in Autism
Authors: Attaeva L. Zh. , Makarov I. V.
Published: January 2025

Background: stereotypes are non specific manifestations of mental illnesses of various etiologies. Stereotypes affect the dynamics and severity of the manifestations of the underlying disease and require drug therapy. The aim of the study is to analyze published studies on pharmacotherapy of stereotypes in people with autism. Materials and Methods: according to the keywords “autism”, “autism spectrum disorder”, “stereotypes”, “stereotypic movements”, “repetitive actions”, “habitual movements”, “treatment effectiveness”, articles in English and Russian were searched in the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary for the period from 2005 to 2024. Conclusion: an analysis of published works has shown that there is no specific drug therapy for stereotypes in autism spectrum disorders to date. It is still not clear how appropriate an attempt to reduce stereotypical actions is, taking into account existing theories about the self-regulating role of repetitive behavior. The medical elimination of stereotypes is necessary when they reach the level of violence, severe obsession, hinder purposeful activity and the implementation of psychological and pedagogical correction.
The 1968 Political Generation in Turkey: Memory and (Re)imagining of Icons from International Leftist Movements
Authors: Aydoğan Cemre
Published: January 2025

This study examines the memory of Turkey’s 1968 political generation by exploring their perceptions of the international left, particularly focusing on influential icons or heroes of socialist movements. Through interviews with participants in the 1968 protests, the research reveals a predominant reverence for the Soviet icons, despite their acknowledged flaws. This idealization of Soviet figures aligns with a broader pattern in which collective memory in Turkey connects with global revolutionary narratives that emphasize universal ideals of revolutionary movements, solidarity, and social justice, independent of national contexts. However, in Turkey, these global narratives are often centered around the Soviet Union, which is framed as an “evil ideology” within official history. The study further explores how ideological divisions within the global left—such as between Soviet and Maoist communism—shaped local memory practices.
Efficiency in Cloud Computing through Serverless and Green Computing based on Microarchitecture
Authors: Fahira Fahira , Awangga Rolly Maulana , Gopikrishnan Sundaram
Published: January 2025

PT Pelindo Multi Terminal is a subholding of PT Pelabuhan Indonesia (Persero), a State-Owned Enter-prise (SOE). PT Pelindo Multi Terminal carries out Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) or Occupa-tional Health and Safety (OHS) monitoring, which currently still uses manual methods with paper. This method causes problems, such as delays in decision making and the inability to monitor events in real-time. This research aims to overcome these problems by proposing an application called "Portsafe+". Portsafe+ is developed using microservices architecture and micro frontend, with Progressive Web Apps (PWA) as the interface and Google Cloud Function as the backend. Portsafe+ was tested by measuring the response speed of the backend that responds to each request. The test results show that this application improves the response speed with 99% execution time of 880.37 ms. Based on the test results, Portsafe+ successfully overcomes the existing problems. The application of PWA technol-ogy facilitates access and improves the efficiency of OHS management compared to the previously used paper-based manual system.
EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION PROTECTION FOR BATIK LASEM: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Adityayoga Adityayoga
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the implementation of Geographical Indication (GI) protection for Batik Lasem, focusing on its impact, challenges, and potential improvements. While GI certification has bolstered artisans' confidence by providing legal safeguards, limited understanding of its protection scope such as motif preservation and violation reporting procedures—hinders its effectiveness. Artisans express concerns over plagiarism and inadequate support in addressing violations, highlighting the need for targeted education and clear reporting mechanisms. Using qualitative methods, including interviews with artisans and MPIG members and document analysis, the research identifies gaps in community knowledge and enforcement practices. Findings emphasize the necessity of intensive training and stronger collaboration between MPIG, government, and artisans to optimize GI's protective function. By enhancing community participation and refining implementation strategies, this study offers actionable recommendations to strengthen Batik Lasem’s cultural heritage and market positioning, ensuring sustainable benefits for the local ecosystem.
The use of ERACS method for accelerating conscious recovery time in cesarean section patients
Authors: Andrifan Andrifan , Wahyuningtyas Eka Sakti , Masithoh Robiul Fitri , Priyo Priyo
Published: January 2025

Enhanced Recovery After Caesarean Section (ERACS) is a method that is currently being widely developed, one of which is for mothers undergoing cesarean sections. The use of ERACS enables postpartum recovery time to be faster, thus improving mobility, accelerating labor recovery, and providing other benefits such as enhancing the quality of care and reducing the use of consumables. However, not all mothers and hospitals use ERACS. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in conscious recovery time in the recovery room between patients post-surgery using the ERACS method and the conventional method at RSUD Soerojo. This comparative study uses a quantitative approach, quasi-experimental, with a control group design. The population includes all post-cesarean section patients using spinal anesthesia, with the sample being post-cesarean section patients using ERACS and the conventional method. There is a significant difference between spinal anesthesia techniques with ERACS and the conventional method in terms of accelerating the recovery time of post-cesarean section patients in the recovery room, with a significance value of 0.000. The use of ERACS should be considered for all mothers undergoing cesarean sections in all hospitals if there are no contraindications
A checklist for incentivizing and facilitating good theory building
Authors: Lange Jens , Freyer Nele , Musfeld Philipp , Schönbrodt Felix D. , Leising Daniel
Published: January 2025

Psychology is facing a theory crisis characterized by ambiguous theories that lead to inconclusive empirical tests. To address this problem, we propose a checklist designed to establish hygiene standards for precise theory development and testing. This checklist contains operationalized criteria applicable to the development of both narrative and formal theories as well as empirical tests of these theories. Developing and testing precise theories in psychology is more challenging than is typically acknowledged. Given this challenge, we advocate for the (re-)creation of a dedicated field of theoretical psychology, specialized journals that support the publication of well-developed theories, even without empirical tests, integrating the checklist into evaluation processes such as peer-review, using the checklist in the process of developing a theory, and as a tool for teaching theory development to students.
Adaptive reuse in industrial farm buildings: nesting critical (infra)structures of trans-species care
Authors: Sleigh Ruby Natasha
Published: January 2025

The structures humans build rarely show any semblance of kindness towards nonhuman animals, ranging instead from the demeaning, to the inhospitable, to the coercive and downright abusive. By far the most ubiquitous are the industrialised buildings constructed to contain those farmed for food. Overt yet simultaneously insidious, these (infra)structures of harm extend across vast swathes of land, dominating human-nonhuman relations. This paper explores the adaptive reuse of farm buildings as a transformational response to unendurable spaces through an interdisciplinary reading of design as activism. Expanding mainstream concerns around the climate and energy crises, we address wildlife loss and ecological breakdown in co-existence with the fundamental social justice concerns that underpin them. Taking egg-laying hens as a much pained example, we engage with the question, ‘how might the de(con)struction of industrial farm structures be harnessed as a tool of activism, supporting liberation and sanctuary-making with ex-farmed animals?' Recognising hens as designers and construction workers in their own rights, agency is extended towards nonhuman designers as a means towards spatial justice, reparation and (re)empowerment. Feminist participatory design methodologies are adapted for human-nonhuman collaborations, triggering an expansion of our communication and care practices to prioritise relational processes over formal outcome. Speculative fiction, narrative and model-making methodologies imagine the stripping back of impenetrable facades to open up alternative futures, expanding the boundaries of our perceived horizons in co-construction of the ‘otherwise’.
Preprints in COVID-19 news coverage: Comparing student and general population perceptions of preliminary science about booster vaccination
Authors: Wicke Rebekah , Ratcliff Chelsea L. , Fleerackers Alice , King Andy J. , Wang Yidi , Jensen Jakob
Published: January 2025

News framing of preprint research during the COVID-19 pandemic varied widely, with some articles reporting the findings of preprint studies with high degrees of certainty, despite their preliminary nature, and others highlighting the unpublished nature of the work. As publicly available research papers that have not yet been peer reviewed, preprints represent a unique form of scientific uncertainty in risk communication contexts. Science journalists were encouraged to report on COVID-19 preprint science with cautious language and appropriate disclosure of its preprint status, yet we lack a complete picture of how public audiences respond to transparency about this uncertainty. We examined how preprint disclosures and hedged claims influenced COVID-19 booster vaccine attitudes and behavior in a sample of college students (N = 837) and a sample of general adults (N = 431). Participants in both groups perceived the disclosure of preprint status. However, neither preprint disclosure nor hedging had a direct effect on perceived trustworthiness of the news article or the scientist, nor on attitudes toward the booster or intention to receive it. As preprints have begun to receive widespread attention in the media, it is important to make sure the public is properly educated about their tentative nature. Our results indicated that transparent news reporting about preprint research did not have significant negative consequences on public attitudes or precautionary behaviors in the context of COVID-19 boosters, suggesting that science communicators should not shy away from disclosing preprint status.
Forma narrativa e identidad en la convencionalización del recuerdo de historias nacionales
Authors: de Luna Ignacio Brescó , Rivero Alberto Rosa
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo estudia el efecto de la forma narrativa sobre el recuerdo de relatoshistóricos. Partiendo del enfoque de Bartlett y su método de reproducción repetida, se ha analizadocómo dos versiones sobre la historia de Irlanda –elaboradas con los mismos eventos pero mediantediferentes formas narrativas– median el recuerdo de sus respectivos contenidos en tres sesiones derecuerdo realizadas por sujetos con distintos sentimientos de pertenencia nacional (española yvasca) y posicionamientos en relación a dicho conflicto. Asimismo, se ha analizado laconvencionalización y racionalización del recuerdo, examinando la transformación del material enlas tres sesiones. Los resultados muestran dos perfiles de recuerdo diferentes correspondientes acada versión de la historia. Mientras en la versión pro-irlandesa se han recordado contenidos de tiporepresivo que justifican la lucha por la independencia de Irlanda, la versión pro-británica tiende areconstruirse sobre eventos más institucionales que legitiman el mantenimiento del Reino Unido. Elsesgo de la forma narrativa sobre el recuerdo de las historias es discutido en relación a la enseñanzade la historia.
GelCam: Visualizing Episodic Sinking Particle Flux via a Polyacrylamide Gel-Based Sediment Trap
Authors: Song Yixuan , Omand Melissa , Durkin Colleen , Estapa Margaret , Buesseler Ken
Published: January 2025

While particle-intercepting traps remain a dominant method for quantifying the contribution of sinking particles to the biological carbon pump, fluxes are typically integrated over days to months. Observations of time-varying particle flux over shorter durations are very limited. To this end, we prototyped a camera system called “GelCam” which captures a rapid time-lapse image sequence of particles that settle into a polyacrylamide gel layer located at the base of a sediment trap tube. Here, we describe the system design, post image processing, and results from nine deployments during the EXPORTS campaigns in 2018 and 2021 in the North Pacific and Atlantic ocean. Because wave-driven oscillations of the surface-tethered traps produced a lateral motion of the settled particles, we applied a cross-correlation method for tracking individual particles over time. All particles were subsequently classified into one of six categories based on visual traits, and then quantified into a particulate organic carbon (POC) flux. Using this image-based approach, we are able to distinguish differences in depth-based transfer efficiency among groups, and detect a diel variation in fecal pellet flux. Additionally, the GelCam resolved flux events on timescales shorter than days, allowing for the investigation of covariance among different particle types over short timescales. Paired with the direct recovery of samples to quantify carbon content and high resolution particle images, this approach will enhance our ability to resolve sinking “events” that occur episodically and may be missed when integrating over a traditional trap deployment.
Dynamic earthquake source inversion with Generative Adversarial Network priors
Authors: Premus Jan , Ampuero Jean Paul
Published: January 2025

Dynamic source inversion of earthquakes consists of inferring frictional parameters and initial stress on a fault consistent with recorded seismological and geodetic data and with dynamic earthquake rupture models. In a Bayesian inversion approach, the nonlinear relationship between model parameters and data requires a computationally demanding Monte Carlo (MC) approach. As the computational cost of the MC method grows exponentially with the number of parameters, dynamic inversion of large earthquakes, involving hundreds to thousands parameters, is hindered by slow convergence and sampling issues. We introduce a novel multi-stage approach for dynamic source inversion. We divide the earthquake source into a hierarchical set of temporal and spatial stages. As each stage involves only a limited number of independent model parameters, their inversion converges faster. Stages are interdependent: the inversion results of an earlier stage are a prior for the next stage inversion. We use Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks to transfer the prior information between inversion stages. As proof-of-concept, we apply a two-stage version of our dynamic source inversion approach to a simulated earthquake scenario generated by dynamic rupture modeling. Compared to direct MC inversion, the two-stage approach achieves substantial improvements in relevant performance metrics, including integrated autocorrelation time, and a large increase in stability across several independent runs. Further application of the two-stage Bayesian inversion method will allow for expanded dynamic modeling studies of large earthquakes, paving the way towards a better understanding of earthquake physics.
Cognitive Development, Dysfunctional Relationship Beliefs, and Sexual-Moral Restrictiveness in Men Who Molest Female Children
Authors: Selby Thomas Joseph
Published: January 2025

Sexual molestation of children has become one of the most emotionally charged crises facing our society. Many states have responded by mandating incarceration and treatment for adults who molest children. The purpose of this study was to explore the cognitive dynamics of molestation and to help provide information needed to guide the development of offender treatment programs. The specific cognitive variables included dualistic thinking, sexual-moral restrictiveness, and five dysfunctional adult relationship beliefs. Three groups of 40 adult male subjects were compared on these variables. The child molest offender group was randomly chosen from male inmates age 25 to 65 who were currently incarcerated at the Arizona State Prison, Tucson, for sexually molesting prepubertal female children and whose offenses were nonincestuous. A non-sex offender criminal control group matched for age and education was chosen within the same prison using a stratified random sampling process. A second matched control group, the nonoffender controls' was comprised of men who had never been charged or convicted of a sexual or nonsexual offense. Data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate procedures. Tukey's studentized range test was used for post hoc analysis. A one-way MANOVA revealed a significant overall difference on a composite of the dependent variables. Univariate analyses indicated significant differences among the three groups on sexual-moral restrictiveness and on adherence to the belief that partners cannot change. Differences in scores on dualism approached significance. Post hoc pair wise comparisons revealed that (1) criminal controls are significantly less restrictive in their sexual-moral beliefs than the other two groups and (2) the criminal controls adhere significantly more closely to the belief that partners cannot change than do child molest offenders. On the dualism variable, the difference between child molest offender and nonoffender control group means fell just short of significance with the former exhibiting more dualistic thinking. The meaning and implications of these findings are discussed in terms of cognitive issues in offender treatment. Recommendations for future research are also included.
Families and Households
Authors: Hassan Anushé , Page Abigail Emma
Published: January 2025

A family is a network of individuals tied to each other by blood, marriage, adoption or fostering and comes in many forms and sizes. There is no singular or universal type of family. Some common family types or structures include a single parent and children, a ‘nuclear’ family comprising two parents and children, or extended families consisting of one or two parents, children and other relatives. However, a range of different family types exist within this spectrum. A household is a commonly used term or unit of analysis to describe a group of people’s living arrangements and relationships to each other. What comprises a household can vary across cultures, social contexts and even seasons. While family and households are often conflated in the literature, in reality they are different. Families refer to specific kinship structures, whereas not all members of a household are necessarily kin but instead are tied to each other through co-residence and roles and responsibilities around the production and consumption of food and labour. One key reason we see so much variation in families and households is because people usually tend to live with other people - although, of course, living alone is also a type of household. Thus, family and household size, structure and composition can vary for multiple reasons across cultures including the number of children a parent/couple have, child and adult survival rates, the types of marriage which form the family and the post-marital residence systems which influence the generational configuration of households. This chapter underlines how flexible and context-specific human family systems are, and how the vast diversity present in humans leads to endless types of families and households.
Cyber Risk and Resilience: Investigating the demographic and psychographic antecedents of adolescent cyberbully-victim behaviour
Authors: Brady Michaela , Przybylski Andrew K
Published: January 2025

Cyberbullying is a critical societal issue, yet current strategies fall short of effectively combating it. This study takes a psychological approach to cyberbullying mitigation by identifying factors that could predispose an individual to be a cyberbully, cybervictim, or cyberbully-victim. From a survey of 1,004 adolescents (aged 14-15 years) and their caregivers, 736 respondents’ results were analysed to glean the prevalence of each cyberbullying role—based on adolescents’ perceptions of their cyberbullying history—and locate the strongest psychosocial predictive factors for each role—based on parents’ perceptions of their child’s behaviour. Using multinomial logistic regression, four roles (Bully, Victim, Bully-Victim and Neither) were examined in relation to gender, socioeconomic status, and two composite scores from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): externalising problems and internalising problems. As predicted, Bullies were more likely to have high externalising problems ratings; Victims were more likely to have high internalising problems ratings; and Bully-Victims were more likely to have high ratings for both. This study only found Bullies were more likely to be male, whereas other roles were more likely to be female. Socioeconomic status significantly predicted one’s likelihood of becoming a Bully-Victim, suggesting Bully-Victims are the most psychologically, socially at-risk group, despite the lack of attention they receive in bullying and cyberbullying interventions.
Impact of Economic Growth, Inflation, Government Effectiveness, and Corruption Control on Gross Capital Formation of Nepal
Authors: Dahal Arjun Kumar
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate the impact of inflation rate, economic growth, effectiveness of government, and corruption control on gross capital formation in Nepal. Secondary data, which are collected from the World Bank Report and Nepal's economic surveys, is used in the study. The descriptive and correlational research designs are used to analyze the impact of predictor variables. This study is guided by positivist research philosophy and is mainly quantitative. To investigate the effects and validate the model, econometric tools include descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), Phillips-Perron unit root test, and variance inflation factor. Other measures of residual testing include the Hansen parameter instability test, normality test, residual and standardized residual graph, and actual fitted residual graph. The effectiveness of government has a high degree (r=0.722) of positive association with gross capital formation. Economic growth, corruption control, the effectiveness of government, inflation rate, and gross capital formation have long-run co integration. Economic growth has a positive and significant impact on gross capital formation. One unit increase in economic growth results in a 1.4594 unit increase in gross capital formation in Nepal. The government's effectiveness also positively and significantly impacts gross capital formation in Nepal. One unit increase in the effectiveness of the government results from 0.8125 unit increase in capital formation in Nepal. The inflation rate has no significant impact on gross capital formation in Nepal. But surprisingly, corruption control negatively and significantly impacts capital formation. One unit change in corruption control resulted in a 0.8217 unit decrease in capital formation. About 97.57 percent variation in capital formation is determined by economic growth, effectiveness of government, corruption control, and inflation rate in Nepal. Policymakers should focus on enhancing economic growth through infrastructure, education, and business environment improvements, ensuring effective governance and stable inflation, and fine-tuning anti-corruption strategies to support capital formation in Nepal.
Financial Literacy and Investment Decisions: A Study of Salaried Individuals in Kathmandu
Authors: Sharma Tenzina , Pokharel Ankit
Published: January 2025

Financial literacy refers to an individual's capacity to comprehend financial concepts, analyze financial information, and make informed financial decisions to attain financial objectives. This paper explores the relationship of financial literacy with the investment decisions made by salaried individuals in Kathmandu. It examined the effect of financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial awareness on investment decisions. It explained whether there are any biases in terms of gender, monthly income, employment sector, employment level, and marital status when making investment decisions. A well-structured, close-ended questionnaire was conducted among 200 salaried people of Kathmandu working in different sectors. Analysis has been done using a hierarchical multiple regression model. The results show that financial attitude and financial awareness have a positive and significant impact on investment decisions. Surprisingly, financial knowledge, being positively correlated, does not have a substantial effect on investment decisions.None of the controlled variables were found to influence investment decisions significantly. Hence, financial attitude and awareness play a crucial role in salaried people's investment decisions.
Exploring Changing People's Perceptions on Local Elections
Authors: Khanal Sushil Kumar , Mabuhang Tanka Subba
Published: January 2025

The article explores changing people perceptions of political parties during local elections in Nepal, highlighting the different factors of recent socio-political changes. Following the restructuring of local governance in the 2022 elections, political parties have increased direct involvement with their communities, changing public perceptions. Using a constructivist interpretivist paradigm with multiple realities ontology, the study employs both structured and unstructured questionnaires and interviews to gather narrative experiences from the public. The research utilizes a convergent design, integrating exploratory and descriptive methods, and employs both qualitative and quantitative techniques, including interviews and focus groups, to capture diverse people sentiments across various respondents. The sampling of 120 respondent in convenience sampling reveals that educational changes, political disillusionment, and grassroots engagement are key drivers of these changing perceptions. With all these changes the people are increasingly evaluating political parties based on local issues such as infrastructure, education, health, and social equity, rather than national political manifesto. The findings indicated a growing trend toward electing leaders who are less affiliated with traditional parties, often younger and perceived as neutral. This shift reflects declining trust in established political parties and highlights the need for greater accountability and transparency. The study underscores a pivotal moment in Nepal’s democratic institutionalization, urging political entities to adapt strategically to maintain their relevance. By exploring these changing voter perceptions, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of political accountability and voter behavior in developing democracies, offering insights for policymakers and political strategists.
Theory-of-Change Visuals: Using Diagrams, Metaphors, and Symbols to Communicate Complex Ideas and Get Buy-In
Authors: Lambert Simon , Heimlick Micheal , Marzano Mariella , Mark-Shadbolt Melanie , Smith Valance
Published: January 2025

Everyone can imagine a situation in which they have put in countless hours of work on a new measurement and evaluation framework and, when it is time to get feedback or present their ideas, they have been met with 1,000-yard stares. Conventional approaches can sometimes struggle to engage stakeholders and convey complex concepts. To address this, authors of this article propose a unique, visually based approach that integrates metaphors and symbols into measurement and evaluation frameworks with goals of getting buy-in, portraying complexity, and making evaluation fun for everyone. Termed theory-of-change visualizations, this methodology emphasizes effective communication and facilitation—two key skills authors argue every evaluator should have. The authors advocate for the use of metaphors and symbols that resonate with stakeholders’ experiences and contexts to anchor frameworks in relatable imagery (such as nature-based symbols or culturally significant metaphors). Illustrated through diverse case studies and practical examples, the approach’s usefulness is demonstrated across various contexts, including in both small and large programs with varied outcomes and dynamics. Insights into selecting appropriate metaphors are provided, considering factors such as program characteristics, local context, and audience preferences. Additionally, potential limitations and challenges, including the requisite time, resources, and stakeholder buy-in, are acknowledged and addressed. Integrating visuals portraying metaphors or symbols into frameworks offers a promising avenue for enhancing engagement, understanding, and buy-in for evaluation. By embracing creativity and inclusivity in evaluation practices, this approach can help navigate the complexities of program evaluation for those not in the field while, at the same time, fostering meaningful dialogue and decision-making.