bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environment Design for Biased Decision Makers
Authors: Yu Guanghui , Ho Chien-Ju
Published: July 2022

We study the environment design problem for biased decision makers. In an environment design problem, an informed principal aims to update the decision making environment to influence the decisions made by the agent. This problem is ubiquitous in various domains, e.g., a social networking platform might want to update its website to encourage more user engagement. In this work, we focus on the scenario in which the agent might exhibit biases in decision making. We relax the common assumption that the agent is rational and aim to incorporate models of biased agents in environment design. We formulate the environment design problem under the Markov decision process (MDP) and incorporate common models of biased agents through introducing general time-discounting functions. We then formalize the environment design problem as constrained optimization problems and propose corresponding algorithms. We conduct both simulations and real human-subject experiments with workers recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk to evaluate our proposed algorithms.
A Model-Oriented Approach for Lifting Symmetry-Breaking Constraints in Answer Set Programming
Authors: Tarzariol Alice
Published: July 2022

Writing correct models for combinatorial problems is relatively straightforward; however, they must be efficient to be usable with instances producing many solution candidates.

In this work, we aim to automatically generalise the discarding of symmetric solutions of Answer Set Programming instances, improving the efficiency of the programs with first-order constraints derived from propositional symmetry-breaking constraints.
Adaptive Artificial Intelligence Scheduling Methods for Large-Scale, Stochastic, Industrial Applications
Authors: Tassel Pierre
Published: July 2022

Traditional scheduling techniques suffer from a lack of flexibility.

The problem's instances need to be deterministic, and results on datasets with small benchmark instances do usually not transfer to large-scale instances.

We propose to develop adaptive algorithms that can leverage the similarities between instances of industrial scheduling problems.

In particular, we focus on applications of modern machine learning techniques to combinatorial optimization problems, an emerging and promising research area.

Traditional scheduling techniques such as constraint, mixed-integer, or answer set programming are highly generic, domain-independent, and, therefore, do not explicitly exploit the specificities of a problem domain.

However, in a production facility, the settings between two consecutive schedules are often very similar.

The machines, workers, production capacity, etc., usually stay the same or do not change significantly.

Traditional scheduling techniques do not take advantage of such similarities, while machine learning, especially deep learning, can discover and exploit relationships in the data.

Therefore, our research aims to incorporate machine learning into combinatorial optimization.
Automatic Multimodal Emotion Recognition Using Facial Expression, Voice, and Text
Authors: Tran Hélène
Published: July 2022

It has been a long-time dream for humans to interact with a machine as we would with a person, in a way that it understands us, advises us, and looks after us with no human supervision. Despite being efficient on logical reasoning, current advanced systems lack empathy and user understanding. Estimating the user's emotion could greatly help the machine to identify the user's needs and adapt its behaviour accordingly. This research project aims to develop an automatic emotion recognition system based on facial expression, voice, and words. We expect to address the challenges related to multimodality, data complexity, and emotion representation.
Multi-Agent Concentrative Coordination with Decentralized Task Representation
Authors: Yuan Lei , Wang Chenghe , Wang Jianhao , Zhang Fuxiang , Chen Feng , Guan Cong , Zhang Zongzhang , Zhang Chongjie , Yu Yang
Published: July 2022

Value-based multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods hold the promise of promoting coordination in cooperative settings. Popular MARL methods mainly focus on the scalability or the representational capacity of value functions. Such a learning paradigm can reduce agents' uncertainties and promote coordination. However, they fail to leverage the task structure decomposability, which generally exists in real-world multi-agent systems (MASs), leading to a significant amount of time exploring the optimal policy in complex scenarios. To address this limitation, we propose a novel framework Multi-Agent Concentrative Coordination (MACC) based on task decomposition, with which an agent can implicitly form local groups to reduce the learning space to facilitate coordination. In MACC, agents first learn representations for subtasks from their local information and then implement an attention mechanism to concentrate on the most relevant ones. Thus, agents can pay targeted attention to specific subtasks and improve coordination. Extensive experiments on various complex multi-agent benchmarks demonstrate that MACC achieves remarkable performance compared to existing methods.
The Good, the Bad, and the Explainer: A Tool for Contrastive Explanations of Text Classifiers
Authors: Malandri Lorenzo , Mercorio Fabio , Mezzanzanica Mario , Nobani Navid , Seveso Andrea
Published: July 2022

In the last few years, we have been witnessing the increasing deployment of machine learning-based systems, which act as black boxes whose behaviour is hidden to end-users. As a side-effect, this contributes to increasing the need for explainable methods and tools to support the coordination between humans and ML models towards collaborative decision-making. In this paper, we demonstrate ContrXT, a novel tool that computes the differences in the classification logic of two distinct trained models, reasoning on their symbolic representation through Binary Decision Diagrams.

ContrXT is available as a pip package and API.
ACTA 2.0: A Modular Architecture for Multi-Layer Argumentative Analysis of Clinical Trials
Authors: Molinet Benjamin , Marro Santiago , Cabrio Elena , Villata Serena , Mayer Tobias
Published: July 2022

Evidence-based medicine aims at making decisions about the care of individual patients based on the explicit use of the best available evidence in the patient clinical history and the medical literature results. Argumentation represents a natural way of addressing this task by (i) identifying evidence and claims in text, and (ii) reasoning upon the extracted

arguments and their relations to make a decision. ACTA 2.0 is an automated tool which relies on Argument Mining methods to analyse the abstracts of clinical trials to extract argument components and relations to support evidence-based clinical decision making. ACTA 2.0 allows also for the identification of PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) elements, and the analysis of the effects of an intervention on the outcomes of the study. A REST API is also provided to exploit the tool’s functionalities.
Axiomatic Foundations of Explainability
Authors: Amgoud Leila , Ben-Naim Jonathan
Published: July 2022

Improving trust in decisions made by classification models is becoming crucial for the acceptance of automated systems, and an important way of doing that is by providing explanations for the behaviour of the models. Different explainers have been proposed in the recent literature for that purpose, however their formal properties are under-studied.

This paper investigates theoretically explainers that provide reasons behind decisions independently of instances. Its contributions are fourfold. The first is to lay the foundations of such explainers by proposing key axioms, i.e.,

desirable properties they would satisfy. Two axioms are incompatible leading to two subsets. The second contribution consists of demonstrating that the first subset of axioms characterizes a family of explainers that return sufficient reasons while the second characterizes a family that provides necessary reasons. This sheds light on the axioms which distinguish the two types of reasons. As a third contribution, the paper introduces various explainers of both families, and fully characterizes some of them. Those explainers make use of the whole feature space. The fourth contribution is a family of explainers that generate explanations from finite datasets (subsets of the feature space). This family, seen as an abstraction of Anchors and LIME, violates some axioms including one which prevents incorrect explanations.
On Preferred Abductive Explanations for Decision Trees and Random Forests
Authors: Audemard Gilles , Bellart Steve , Bounia Louenas , Koriche Frederic , Lagniez Jean-Marie , Marquis Pierre
Published: July 2022

Abductive explanations take a central place in eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) by clarifying with few features

the way data instances are classified. However, instances may have exponentially many minimum-size abductive explanations, and

this source of complexity holds even for ``intelligible'' classifiers, such as decision trees. When the number of such abductive explanations is huge,

computing one of them, only, is often not informative enough. Especially, better explanations than the one

that is derived may exist. As a way to circumvent this issue, we propose to leverage

a model of the explainee, making precise her / his preferences about explanations, and to compute only

preferred explanations. In this paper, several models are pointed out and discussed. For each model, we present and

evaluate an algorithm for computing preferred majoritary reasons, where majoritary reasons are specific abductive

explanations suited to random forests. We show that in practice the preferred majoritary reasons for an instance

can be far less numerous than its majoritary reasons.
Individual Fairness Guarantees for Neural Networks
Authors: Benussi Elias , Patane' Andrea , Wicker Matthew , Laurenti Luca , Kwiatkowska Marta
Published: July 2022

We consider the problem of certifying the individual fairness (IF) of feed-forward neural networks (NNs).

In particular, we work with the epsilon-delta-IF formulation, which, given a NN and a similarity metric learnt from data, requires that the output difference between any pair of epsilon-similar individuals is bounded by a maximum decision tolerance delta >= 0.

Working with a range of metrics, including the Mahalanobis distance, we propose a method to overapproximate the resulting optimisation problem using piecewise-linear functions to lower and upper bound the NN's non-linearities globally over the input space.

We encode this computation as the solution of a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming problem and demonstrate that it can be used to compute IF guarantees on four datasets widely used for fairness benchmarking.

We show how this formulation can be used to encourage models' fairness at training time by modifying the NN loss, and empirically confirm our approach yields NNs that are orders of magnitude fairer than state-of-the-art methods.
How Does Frequency Bias Affect the Robustness of Neural Image Classifiers against Common Corruption and Adversarial Perturbations?
Authors: Chan Alvin , Ong Yew Soon , Tan Clement
Published: July 2022

Model robustness is vital for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in real-world applications. Recent studies have shown that data augmentation can result in model over-relying on features in the low-frequency domain, sacrificing performance against low-frequency corruptions, highlighting a connection between frequency and robustness. Here, we take one step further to more directly study the frequency bias of a model through the lens of its Jacobians and its implication to model robustness. To achieve this, we propose Jacobian frequency regularization for models' Jacobians to have a larger ratio of low-frequency components. Through experiments on four image datasets, we show that biasing classifiers towards low (high)-frequency components can bring performance gain against high (low)-frequency corruption and adversarial perturbation, albeit with a tradeoff in performance for low (high)-frequency corruption. Our approach elucidates a more direct connection between the frequency bias and robustness of deep learning models.
PPT: Backdoor Attacks on Pre-trained Models via Poisoned Prompt Tuning
Authors: Du Wei , Zhao Yichun , Li Boqun , Liu Gongshen , Wang Shilin
Published: July 2022

Recently, prompt tuning has shown remarkable performance as a new learning paradigm, which freezes pre-trained language models (PLMs) and only tunes some soft prompts. A fixed PLM only needs to be loaded with different prompts to adapt different downstream tasks. However, the prompts associated with PLMs may be added with some malicious behaviors, such as backdoors. The victim model will be implanted with a backdoor by using the poisoned prompt. In this paper, we propose to obtain the poisoned prompt for PLMs and corresponding downstream tasks by prompt tuning. We name this Poisoned Prompt Tuning method "PPT". The poisoned prompt can lead a shortcut between the specific trigger word and the target label word to be created for the PLM. So the attacker can simply manipulate the prediction of the entire model by just a small prompt. Our experiments on various text classification tasks show that PPT can achieve a 99% attack success rate with almost no accuracy sacrificed on original task. We hope this work can raise the awareness of the possible security threats hidden in the prompt.
Taking Situation-Based Privacy Decisions: Privacy Assistants Working with Humans
Authors: Kökciyan Nadin , Yolum Pinar
Published: July 2022

Privacy on the Web is typically managed by giving consent to individual Websites for various aspects of data usage. This paradigm requires too much human effort and thus is impractical for Internet of Things (IoT) applications where humans interact with many new devices on a daily basis. Ideally, software privacy assistants can help by making privacy decisions in different situations on behalf of the users. To realize this, we propose an agent-based model for a privacy assistant. The model identifies the contexts that a situation implies and computes the trustworthiness of these contexts. Contrary to traditional trust models that capture trust in an entity by observing large number of interactions, our proposed model can assess the trustworthiness even if the user has not interacted with the particular device before. Moreover, our model can decide which situations are inherently ambiguous and thus can request the human to make the decision. We evaluate various aspects of the model using a real-life data set and report adjustments that are needed to serve different types of users well.
Reliability Distribution System on Load Break Switch Addition at PT. PLN (PERSERO) ULP Langsa City Using RIA-SECTION Technique Combined Method on ETAP 14.1.0
Authors: Hasibuan Arnawan , Bintoro Andik , Salahuddin Salahuddin , Meutia Rizka Dwi
Published: July 2022

PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Langsa city is one part of UP 3 langsa, the LS-05 feeder in section two is the location for placing several office buildings. Continuity stable distribution of electrical energy is one of the most important aspects in the distribution system. Based on these problems, the writer was inspired to consuct research with the aim of testing the reliability of the feeders LS-05 and LL-4 which was installed with LBS manuver motorized at both ends of feeders. The LS-05 feeder with section method SAIFI value is 2.2739 times/ customers/ year and SAIDI Value is 8.41995 hours/ customers/ year. For LL-4 feeder witsh the same method SAIFI value is 2.28905 times/ customers/ year, then using RIA-Section technique combined method, LS-05 feeder have SAIFI value is 2,0219 times/ customers/ year, SAIDI value is 8,3082 hours/ customers/ year, LL-4 feeder have SAIFI value is 2.6574 times/ customers/ year and SAIDI 9.3008 hours/ customers/ year. This value indicates thet these two methods have succeeded in showing a reliability index is in accordance with SPLN due to the addition of LBS motorized.
Automatic Ceiling Fan Control Using Temperature and Room Occupancy
Authors: Kommey Benjamin , Dunyo John Kwame , Akowuah Bright Yeboah , Tamakloe Elvis
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the design and implementation of an automatic ceiling fan speed regulator using web camera and a temperature sensor. Fans have become a very important aspect of our daily lives to present us with comfort especially in hot climates. However, they come with some attendant issues such as a person having to move to where the fan regulators are placed to be able to adjust the speed of the fan. This can be difficult as temperatures change during the day as well as at night when one is asleep. This also poses a problem for physically challenged individuals with mobility difficulties. This project seeks to design a solution that involves automatic fan regulation. This was achieved using a temperature sensor, a camera that captures images, and a system intelligent unit that processes the captured images to detect occupancy. The speed of the fan is then automatically adjusted based on the room temperature and occupancy. The system was implemented on a raspberry pi, a resource constrained edge computing environment.
Pembinaan Kantin Sehat pada SDN 01 Ladang Laweh, Kecamatan Banuhampu, Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Sari Putri Nilam
Published: July 2022

Sistem pengamanan terhadap makanan merupakan upaya untuk mengendalikan faktor makanan, orang, tempat, peralatan dan membebaskan makanan dari zat-zat yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan bahkan keracunan makanan. Sekolah dasar merupakan tempat kedua setelah rumah tangga yang menjadi tempat yang berpotensi untuk kejadian keracunan yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh jajanan karena kualitas makanan jajanan yang buruk dan tidak memenuhi syarat seperti mengandung bahan kimia, keaadaan sanitasi yang buruk dan cemaran biologi. Untuk mendapatkan makanan yang aman dan bergizi di sekolah, pemerintah mewajibkan setiap satuan pendidikan wajib memiliki sarana dan prasarana antara lain ruang kantin sekolah yang sehat dan nyaman secara ekologis. SDN 01 Ladang Laweh telah memiliki kebijakan yang baik mengenai kantin sekolah, yaitu makanan yang disediakan untuk siswa bebas dari bahan pengawet dan didominasi makanan tradisional. Akan tetapi, makanan yang disediakan masih belum memenuhi syarat gizi seimbang serta sekolah belum memiliki fasilitas yanglayak untuk mewujudkan kantin yang sehat bagi warga sekolah. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk menciptakan kantin sehat yang layak bagi siswa dan warga sekolah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan melakukan diskusi dengan kepala sekolah dan pengelola kantin mengenai pelaksanaan kantin sehat. memberikan penyuluhan, memberikan pre test dan post test sebelum dan setelah diberikan penyuluhan, melihat perbandingan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah diberi penyuluhan, mengadakan kuis dan tanya jawab seputar kantin sehat dan makanan sehat. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan terdapat peningkatan pemahaman siswa mengenai kantin dan jajanan sehat. Diharapkan bantuan fasilitas kantin sehat dapat dimanfaatkan oleh sekolah untuk meninkatkan sanitasi dan menjamin keamanan pangan pada kantin sekolah.
Sosialisasi Literasi Digital bagi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 3 Bukittinggi
Authors: Sinulingga Anita Afriani , Nanda Bima Jon , Nasir Putiviola Elian , Qory Silvy
Published: July 2022

This community service regarding the socialization of digital literacy aims to raise awareness of the importance of digital literacy to high school (SMA) students. Digital literacy is the ability to process and sort information to minimize the negative impact of receiving incorrect information if it filtered first, especially in the digital era and globalization, where the flow of information is so fast and easy to access due to the narrowing of space and time due to technological developments. This service activity is the growth of essential digital literacy skills for the target group of participants. This ability is characterized by the ability to sort between true and false information by looking for supporting data for that information. This can be seen in the last series of activities in determining which information is accurate and false.
Penerapan Universal Precaution pada Masyarakat dalam Pemutusan Rantai Penularan Infeksi Covid-19
Authors: Afriyanti Esi , Oktarina Elvi , Merdawati Leni
Published: July 2022

Covid-19 is an infectious disease that originated in Wuhan, China. Covid-19 is a pandemic that has hit almost all countries in the world. Indonesia itself has not been spared the Covid-19 pandemic. Preventive efforts are the key to implementation in the health sector and community services in order to prevent the spread of Covid-19 infection. The most effective prevention efforts in the community are universal precautions. The implementation of the Universal Precaution that is easy to do is by habituation of hand hygiene using hand sanitizer and the application of correct cough etiquette. The method used in this service activity was the community educated method included demontration, watching related videos and training that involves the community in the work area of ​​the Puskesmas Alai as a Health Center. Followed by providing booklets which were one means to increase public knowledge about proper hand washing and cough etiquette. With the provision and distribution of booklets after the counseling, it is hoped that information on hand washing and cough etiquette will be conveyed systematically.
Edukasi dan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Kelompok Lansia Melati untuk Mewujudkan Lansia SMART pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Mailani Fitri , Muthia Rahmi , Huriani Emil , Susianty Sovia
Published: July 2022

Lack of information about Covid-19 issues also causes the elderly and their families to be afraid to visit health services due to being infected with Covid-19. Many elderly who have a history of chronic diseases such as hypertension, heart disease and diabetes were reluctant to carry out control at the Health Care Centre. The purpose of this service was to provide education regarding the transmission of Covid-19 and conduct health checks on the elderly of Melati Community related to chronic diseases. This activity was carried out with a personal approach by taking into account the health protocols of the pandemic. Educational activities and medical health checks were used for the elderly, such as TTV, blood sugar, cholesterol, uric acid, and nutritional status checks. These included outdoor exercise activities for the elderly. The community services activity team provided pocketbooks related to healthy elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic to help realize SMART (Healthy, Independent, Active, and Productive) for the elderly. The results of the examination showed that the elderly had hypertension at 45%, high uric acid at 35.4%, blood sugar levels above 200 as much as 9.2%, and high cholesterol at 80%. For that reason, older people must continue carrying out medical health checks periodically even though they are in a pandemic situation. Furthermore, the medical activity for the elderly has to involve their closest families, even carrying out independent checks at home in coordination with the availability of health workers in their zone.
Upaya Optimalisasi Pertumbuhan Anak Stunting melalui Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Kesehatan Keluarga
Authors: Fasrini Ulya Uti , Desmawati Desmawati , Masrul Masrul , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty , Sulastri Delmi , Khaira Fathiyyatul , Welan Rahmani , Intan Shinta Ayu , Rinaldiansyah Rinaldiansyah , Rifqi Muhammad Rayyan , Husna Annisaul , Nurjannah Rahmi
Published: July 2022

Masalah gizi anak pendek atau stunting akan berdampak terhadap kualitas manusianya. Berbagai faktor menyumbang kejadian stunting, salah satunya adalah masalah ekonomi seperti di Kelurahan Lambung Bukit, Kecamatan Limau Manis di Kota Padang. Selain masalah ekonomi, kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang kesehatan anak dan pengasuhannya juga menjadi penyumbang masalah gizi di daerah ini. Pelayanan kesehatan yang melibatkan pemeriksaan fisik, perkembangan anak, masalah gizi serta pemahaman ibu tentang kesehatan keluarga perlu dilakukan. Edukasi gizi diberikan bersamaan dengan edukasi ibu tentang pola asuh dan kesehatan ibu. Pendekatan individu dan kelompok ini diharapkan akan memberikan daya ungkit yang besar bagi perubahan perilaku ibu. Ibu merasakan manfaat dari edukasi yang diberikan dan meminta agar tim pengabdi melakukan kegiatan ini secara rutin, baik untuk menilai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, maupun untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan keluarga yang mereka butuhkan.
Pendampingan Produksi Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) Bonggol Pisang sebagai Pemberdayaan Peternak di Jorong Tanjung Jati Nagari VII Koto Talago Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota
Authors: Sandra Afriani , Khoirunnisaa’ Khoirunnisaa’ , Wati Rahmi , Utami Yolani , Purwati Endang
Published: July 2022

The project is carried out in business partner Blue Garden Farm in Tanjung Jati, VII Koto Talago Village, Guguak District, and Regency of Lima Puluh Kota. The location has the potential to develop agriculture and animal husbandry. One of the many agricultural sectors in the region is bananas. People usually only use this fruit while others are wasted. In response to the above problems, a solution to the development and utilization of banana weevil to prepare IMO (Indigenous Microorganisms) was given. IMO is a group of microorganisms derived from natural ingredients that can accelerate the organic composting process. The carbohydrate content of banana weevils is relatively high, 66.2%, which will trigger the development of microorganisms during the fermentation process in the IMO producing process. It aimed to increase the economic value of banana weevil, providing another alternative for farmers to improve agricultural quality. This program used an empowerment method with several approaches, namely learning methods and mentoring with a team in solving problems. An evaluation was carried out to determine the knowledge of farmers' ability about the technology for producing IMO banana weevil. In this community service activity, farmers have made and produced MOL banana weevil. They have been used as a decomposer to manufacture liquid organic fertilizer/bio urine.
Pengembangan Pariwisata Berwawasan Lingkungan di Nagari Sungai Pinang, Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Pramono Wahyu , Indraddin Indraddin , Tanjung Faidil
Published: July 2022

Nagari Sungai Pinang is a village with quite a lot of tourism potential and an excellent and exciting view and natural beauty. For this reason, various sector reinforcement is necessary to support the development of tourism potential by formulating a program of tourism development activities that are environmentally sound. The purpose of this activity was to improve the quality of tourism in the Nagari, namely Nagari Sungai Pinang, to increase the economic income of the community and the village itself. At the same time, the purpose of the activity was to facilitate Nagari in developing environmentally friendly tourism businesses by compiling a five-year tourism development program in Nagari Sungai Pinang. The methods used to carry out this activity were Desk Study and Transect Walk, observation, focus group discussion and data analysis. The trial activities were carried out in Nagari Sungai Pinang, Koto XI Tarusan District, Pesisir Selatan Regency. The activity results were in an activity program for tourism development for five years in Nagari Sungai Pinang. The tourism development strategy is held by empowering tourism actors and involved stakeholders. Moreover, achieve the sustainability of the program. Good planning is carried out in a participatory manner involving various elements to build a sense of belonging to various parties and realize program sustainability.
Pendampingan Nagari Wisata Berbasis Sustainable Tourism Development di Nagari Sikabu-kabu Tanjung Haro Padang Panjang
Authors: Sufiawan Nur Ari , Verinita Verinita , Faisal Ranny Fitriana , Weriantoni Weriantoni , Saibah Bintang Rizky Abdullah Majo , Yindrizal Yindrizal , Susiana Susiana , Ahmad Faisal Ali , Rahmi Devi Yulia , Srivani Musbatiq
Published: July 2022

Nagari Sikabu-kabu Tanjung Haro Padang Panjang is the the main gate in the regency of Lima Puluh Kota and should be foremost Nagari. The tourism sector has beautiful natural conditions and a great view of Talang and Kayu Kolek panorama. The purpose of the service was to develop Nagari Sikabu-kabu Tanjung Haro Padang Panjang as a tourist village. It would attract tourists to travel, which is carried out with a tourism village development strategy. Through Sustainable Tourism Development (STD) steps by conducting Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities with the community, including tourism managers, Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) actors, and the leaders of Nagari. The methods used were lectures, discussions, business consultations, and assistance in creating and managing Nagari tourism websites. This activity might provide insights into managing a touristic village by increasing the knowledge and skills of the Nagari tourism managers and community surroundings.
Upaya Peningkatan Intensi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Siswa SDN 01 Muaro Paiti
Authors: Gusti Aria , Fatul Teta Try , Alhumairah Fuadilla , Magvira Putri , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: July 2022

The application of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in the school environment is one of the strategic efforts to empower teachers and students to live clean and healthy in their surroundings. The PHBS itself need to be educated continuously in the community, especially when the Covid-19 is epidemic. State Elementary School 01 Muaro Paiti is located in Kapur IX sub-district, district of 50 Kota, West Sumatra, which can be an example for other schools implementing PHBS in school settings. Social education activities were begun by establishing communication with the principal to obtain permission from partners. In this initial communication, a discussion was held on what fundamental issues and received priority to find solutions to improve students' clean and healthy living behaviour at school and in their lives. The discussion results agreed that it was necessary to deliver materials and practices on clean and healthy living behaviour in school settings. The second activity was preparing PHBS learning materials and interactive media in the school. Preparation was carried out in discussions with teammates to determine materials and methods that are more efficient and effective in implementing learning in schools, i.e. that learning was given in the form of presentations and hands-on practice. The third activity was the implementation of PHBS learning in the school. Students and teachers were very enthusiastic about participating in this activity. It is hoped that students who become participants in PHBS learning in this prospected school can become role models for students and the environment in which they live.
Pelatihan Peningkatan Kemampuan Perawat Unit Hemodialisis RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang sebagai Edukator untuk Meningkatkan Self-Management Pasien yang Menjalani Hemodialisis
Authors: Lenggogeni Devia Putri , Malini Hema , Maisa Esthika Ariany
Published: July 2022

Perawat merupakan petugas kesehatan yang menjadi poros dalam melakukan serangkaian tindakan untuk memberikan perawatan komprehensif kepada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis. Dalam penanganan hemodialiasis diperlukan peran perawat sebagai pendidik untuk memberikan edukasi kepada pasien tentang perawatan hemodialisis rutin yang harus dilakukan oleh pasien. Hal ini  untuk bertujuan untuk mendukung pasien dapat melakukan self-management yang baik. Edukasi mengenai self-management merupakan bagian pengelolaan pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis. Peran perawat menjadi hal yang penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pasien dalam menjalani perawatan dan pengelolaan penyakitnya. Namun, berdasarkan hasil observasi edukasi yang dilakukan perawat ternyata belum mampu meningkatkan self-management pasien. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berupaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan perawat dalam melakukan edukasi untuk meningkatkan self-management pasien. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan penyampaian materi terkait peran perawat sebagai edukator dalam upaya peningkatan self-management pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dan kapasitas perawat melakukan perannya sebagai edukator sehingga dapat meningkatkan self-management pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis.
Pengembangan Usaha Hidroponik 55 dalam Memproduksi Makanan Olahan Sayuran dan Mewujudkan Program Eco-Eduwisata
Authors: Mailani Fitri , Ratni Eli , Eros Donny , Jauharry Jauharry , Muliantino Mulyanti Roberto
Published: July 2022

Untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan mitra “Hidroponik 55” dilakukan pendampingan secara berkelanjutan oleh tim dosen Universitas Andalas dalam meningkatkan inovasi produk. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mendampingi mitra dalam mengembangkan usaha nya yaitu dalam membuat produk olahan Hidroponik 55 dengan membuat “Dapur Hidroponik 55” dan program Eco-Eduwista di lahan pertanian. Kegiatan pengabdian ini merupakan lanjutan dari kegiatan pendampingan usaha berkembang dan memasuki tahun kedua. Pengabidan ini dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan yaitu Bulan Oktober-Desember 2021. Adapun enam kegiatan yang dilakukan pada tahun ini adalah 1) Pembimbingan pengurusan ijin pangan industri rumah tangga (P-IRT), nomor induk berusaha (NIB) Hidroponik 55 dan izin usaha mikro kecil (IUMK) “Dapur Hidroponik 55” 2) Mengembangkan usaha “Dapur Hidroponik 55” yaitu melalui inovasi makanan olahan menggunakan bahan baku sayuran sehat hidroponik. 3) Memperbaiki kemasan sayuran hidroponik. 4) FGD terkait dengan strategi pemasaran sayuran Hidroponik 55 dan produk oalahan nya. 5) Mempersiapkan dan membuat greenhouse sederhana dikawasan pertanian Hidroponik 55. 6) Memperkenalkan produk olahan “Dapur Hidroponik 55” serta lounching program eco-eduwista dan pusat pelatihan tentang hidroponik. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan beberapa luaran yaitu Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB) dan no P-IRT, menciptakan produk olahan sepertu jus sayur, nasi uduk telang, puding telang, bakso sayur, mie sayur, kripik pakcoy, dan kripik chaisin. Terbentuknya green house sederhana di lahan pertanian Hidroponik 55. Hasil lain nya yaitu kemasan dan branding yang lebih menarik, serta pengembangan program eco-eduwisata di lahan pertanian Hidroponik 55. Kegiatan ini masih akan berlanjut untuk membina keberlangsungan usaha hingga tahun depan. Diperlukan konsistensi dalam menjaga kualitas produk agar mampu bersaing dengan produk lainnya.
Pelatihan Tentang Kandang Maggot yang Terintegrasi dengan Kandang Unggas ke Peternak Unggas di Kota Padang
Authors: Rahayu Resti , Jannatan Robby
Published: July 2022

The maggot of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is an alternative protein substitute in poultry feed. Growing maggot is an easy activity and valuable in the bioconversion of household organic waste. Maggot farming cages can be integrated with poultry cages. The integrated cages between maggots and poultry will save space and operational costs. Therefore, the workshop about integrated cage between maggot and poultry was urgently needed for poultry farmers in Padang, West Sumatra. The workshop delivered theory and direct practice of making integrated cages with community partners. The activity was held from October to November 2021 for poultry farmers in Koto Panjang Limau Manis village, Pauh District, Padang. Integrated cages are a solution for poultry farmers interested in maggot cultivation as an alternative feed for their poultry. Partners need support from universities in transferring science and technology because the integration cage is the first time implemented in Kota Padang. In addition, government support is also needed in regulating waste sorting and processing so that the community's organic waste can be converted to valuable products using maggot.
Pelatihan Teknik Relaksasi Benson untuk Mengatasi Gangguan Tidur pada Lansia di Panti Jompo Wisma Cinta Kasih
Authors: Sumarsih Gusti , Mansur Arif Rohman , Freska Windy
Published: July 2022

Lanjut usia merupakan suatu proses alami yang tidak dapat dihindari, berjalan secara terus menerus dan berkesinambungan. Lansia mengalmai kemunduran fisiologis, biologis, psikologis , social serta gangguan pola tidur. Prevalensi Insomnia di Indonesia 2016 pada lansia cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar 67%. Metode penatalaksanaan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur lansia pada umumnya dengan menggunakan farmakologis, namun pemakaian obat yang berlebihan akan berdampak bagi kesehatan lansia. Dengan demikian di perlukan terapi non farmakologis yang efektif dan aman untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur lansia salah satunya dengan Teknik Relaksasi Benson. Terapi Relaksasi Benson merupakan terapi relaksasi yang melibatkan terapi religious dimana pada masa ini lansia cenderung untuk lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan sehingga teknik relaksasi yang tepat untuk dilakukan dalam menangani masalah cenderung untuk lebih meningkatkan spritualnya dan lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan sehingga  teknik relaksasi yang tepat untuk di lakukan dalam menangani masalah ketidaknyaman.  Pelatihan Teknik Relaksasi Benson dapat Mengatasi Gangguan Tidur Pada Lansia Kegiatan ini meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Lansia / Pengasuh Dalam Penerapan Terapi Relaksasi Benson Pada Lansia Di Panti Jompo Wisma Cinta Kasih Padang Untuk Mengatasi Gangguan Tidur Pada Lansia Di Panti.
Upaya Penguatan Peran Puskesmas dalam Program Promosi Kesehatan Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Hipertensi
Authors: Triana Vivi , Siswati Sri , Sofinar Sofinar , Rizki Indah Permata , Sulastri Vani , Hanifazulhijjah Hanifazulhijjah , Putri Siti Wanda Jhoyee , Maisa Putri , Jannah Suci Ridha Raudhatul , Setiawati Suci Dwi , Devisa Eprilla Maharani , Parasati Yulia
Published: July 2022

Hipertensi saat ini menjadi masalah utama kita semua, tidak hanya di Indonesia tapi juga di dunia. Hipertensi disebut sebagai the silent killer karena sering tanpa keluhan, sehingga penderita tidak mengetahui dirinya memiliki penyakit hipertensi dan tidak jarang diketahui setelah terjadi komplikasi. Berdasarkan data laporan Dinas Kesehatan Sumatera Barat  jumlah kasus hipertensi terbanyak terletak di Kabupaten Solok (21.907 kasus). Berdasarkan analisis data kesehatan Puskesmas Jua Gaek tahun 2020, Hipertensi menjadi permasalahan utama penyakit Tidak menular terutama pada kelompok usia lanjut, sedangkan metode atau sistem dalam upaya promosi kesehatan kurang memadai. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan komitmen Puskesmas dan Tokoh masyarakat dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan masayarakat tentang Hipertensi dan merancang metode program promosi kesehatan yang lebih inovatif. Kegiatan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, pemasangan media promkes pembuatan spanduk, leaflet, booklat dan poster. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang bahaya hipertensi bagi kesehatan dari 60% menjadi 95% dan tersedianya media promkes di puskesmas dan disebar dibeberapa tempat umum.
Pengembangan Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Melati Mini menjadi Kelompok Tani yang Mandiri dan Berkembang
Authors: Mirnawati Mirnawati , Yurniwati Yurniwati , Syam Zuhri , Arief Arief
Published: July 2022

This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge about the formulation of low-priced quail rations and the economic aspects of the business, i.e. entrepreneurship, marketing and business development. The quail farmers incorporated in Women Farmer Group named KWT Melati Mini Koto Lua located in Pauh District, Padang City. They were also given knowledge and training on maggot farming of Black Soldier Fly larvae as a protein source for fish meal replacement for quail's ration. This activity impacts the development of community quail farming which is a manifestation of Andalas University's concern as a higher education institution for the community around campus and improves the performance of community service and the application of innovation by Andalas University. The stages of implementing the activities were counselling on quail maintenance management, developing unconventional rations, applying ration formulation technology and low-priced rations. The activity was followed by providing Hammer Mill machines for ration processing by farmers. The activity has impacted farmers' knowledge about feed ingredients and low-priced ration formulations for quail, the use of unconventional feed ingredients as quail feed ingredients, maggot farming as a protein source feed ingredient for poultry and quail rearing management. Counselling in entrepreneurship has provided farmers knowledge about various things related to business managing that are useful for developing quail farming businesses. Implementing rations by processing their low-cost rations for quail breeders showed that the rations provided were of good enough quality. The ration application in quail farming did not affect the production of quail eggs, reducing the cost of rations, which can ultimately increase farmers' income.
Penyuluhan Pengembangan Peternakan Itik di Kota Sawahlunto
Authors: Amizar Robi , Wizna Wizna , Mirzah Mirzah , Rusfidra Rusfidra , Yuherman Yuherman
Published: July 2022

Sawahlunto city is one of the cities/districts in West Sumatra actively assisting the poor. The assistance was given was livestock for farmers, such as goats, ducks, and native chickens. In 2020 the population of ducks in Sawahlunto was recorded at 18,654 ducks with 257 farmers. In 2022, there is a giving of 100 ducks to a breeder by the related government. The ducks are farmed in four sub-districts, i.e. Talawi, Barangin, Lembah Segar, and Silungkang Districts. The society target of the activity was duck breeders under the Food Security, Agriculture, and Fisheries Service of Sawahlunto City. The main problem of them is high feed prices and difficulty developing breeders. The knowledge transfer from academics to farmers was carried out by counselling and discussions about good production, nutrition, and livestock health. This activity was carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic, which was still restricted by social distancing protocol. The discussion was attended by around 137 participants consisting of 70 poultry farmers, 30 agricultural assisting workers, and 37 local heads in Sawahlunto City.
Edukasi dan Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Ekologi Rumah Tangga melalui Prinsip Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Maryanti Maryanti , Elfindri Elfindri , Sumarni Leli
Published: July 2022

The big challenge of sustainable development is maintaining a life-supporting environment for future generations. As the most significant energy producer, households play a significant role in reducing environmental quality. The introduction of educational activities and outreach to the Majlis 'Jannah' congregation in Sijunjung Regency aims to provide knowledge about household practices that manage and preserve the environment and apply the concept of sustainability in the household. To achieve the results of this activity, approach methods such as lectures, discussions, consultations, and comparative studies were used by visiting examples of households (Mr Abdurrahman's family) in Sijunjung Regency) that have carried out sustainable development practices. Education and socialization using an ecological philosophy with sustainable development principles such as how families manage household waste, earn additional income, reduce family expenses, and the next generation will surely enjoy what he has pioneered. The result of this activity is that the 'Jannah' congregational assembly in Sijunjung Regency has gained practical experience and knowledge regarding household ecological management so that future generations can enjoy it.
Budidaya Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Sebagai Alternatif Penyediaan Pakan Ternak Berkelanjutan
Authors: Sriagtula Riesi , Yetmaneli Yetmaneli , Indrayani Ida , Rusli Ridho Kurniawan
Published: July 2022

The cow farmer in Padang was changed from semi-intensive to intensive because of city development. The intensive system requires farmers to be forage feeding cut and carried from field margins. The limited knowledge of smallholder farmers about the high quality of forage causes native grass to become the primary source of forage; meanwhile, the low nutrient content of native grass causes the low production and reproduction in cows. To overcome the adequacy of feed forage, both in quality and quantity, thus cultivation of forage was conducted on unproductive land such as peatlands. Generally, peatland with a shallow category and low pH is widespread on the coast of Padang city. Sorghum is tolerant to acid soil and can be the solution to overcome forage feeding in the dry season. The community service activities were carried out from October 2021 until January 2022 and aimed to increase farmers' knowledge in feed diversification and skills in cultivating sorghum as a superior feed crop. The activities were conducted using counselling and discussion methods and the practice of sorghum cultivation on peatlands. Results showed that cow farmers know the importance of providing quality sustainable forage to increase livestock productivity, especially brood cows. The conclusion is that sorghum can be a substitute for native grass and as a concentrate; hence it can be an alternative solution to the problem of supplying feeding in Padang city.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Donat Praktis dengan Metode Autolisis di Lingkungan Dharma Wanita Persatuan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Riau
Authors: Nurfatihayati Nurfatihayati , Mutamima Anisa , Alfarisi Cory Dian , Drastinawati Drastinawati , A Yelmida
Published: July 2022

Doughnuts are one of the most popular sweet foods for people of all ages around the world. Although made from simple ingredients such as flour, sugar, eggs, yeast, milk powder, salt, water, and margarine, however producing doughnuts requires special techniques to produce good-quality doughnuts. It needs more energy, even physically and electrical equipment. A workshop on doughnut production with autolyze method for Dharma Women Association, Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau, was conducted to increase the knowledge and skills of members of the organization in making healthy dishes for the family. In this workshop, doughnuts were made using the autolysis method, which is mixing bread flour with water and then keeping the dough until gluten was formed. The formation of gluten is one indicator of the formation of smooth, soft, and elastic dough. The workshop results showed high interest among the Dharma Women Association members in making doughnuts with this alternative method.
Penerapan Early Warning Score (EWS) dalam Mendeteksi Dini Perburukan Kondisi Pasien Covid-19
Authors: Rahman Dally , Huriani Emil , Oktarina Elvi
Published: July 2022

The high mortality rate of Covid-19 is a problem for the government and health services that were influenced by treatment strategy at the hospital. Covid-19 patients can experience a sudden severe condition without apparent symptoms known as "Silent Hypoxemia". A further severe condition will lead to the sudden death of the patient. Therefore intensive monitoring is needed to prevent this condition. Based on the evidence, the severe level patient's condition can be detected earlier, within 6-8 hours, using the physiological parameters consisting of vital signs in the tools of the Early Warning Score (EWS) for patients. It was not fully known by nurses at hospitals treating Covid-19 patients. The program aims to provide increased knowledge on Early Warning Score (EWS) for Covid-19 patients of Andalas University Hospital's nurses, to create EWS formats and Standard Operational Procedures for EWS Covid-19 patients. Based on the knowledge evaluation of nurses, there was an increase in the average knowledge score of 13 points, with a pre-activity knowledge score of 78 to 91 for post-activity. It was expected that Andalas University Hospital could implement Early Warning Warning Score (EWS) for Covid-19 patients as a Standard Operating Procedure for treating Covid-19 patients.