bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPORTANCE OF RESILIENCE IN PROMOTING THE PROFESSIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL WORKERS
Authors: Vingre Agnese Anna , Samuseviča Alīda
Published: December 2024

The publication is developed in the context of reflection on the problems of social work, which highlights the importance of the phenomenon of resilience in the professional everyday life of social workers in solving diverse problems. The purpose of this article is to reassess the importance of resilience in the professional activity of social workers, describing with what kind of methods and in what kind of way the development and strengthening of psychological resilience can reduce the risk of burnout of social workers at work, promoting their professional self-efficacy both in their daily work life and when dealing with client problems. The authors, based on the findings of the analysis of theoretical sources, describe the dominant qualities of the pillar of resilience in the professional activity in promoting the psychological resilience and self-efficacy of social workers. The survey data of social workers confirm that the difficulties in developing resilience are related to the lack of information about resilience, the risk of burnout and the resulting insufficient psycho-emotional resources of social workers. The publication highlights the potential of resilience methods in increasing the psychological resilience and self-efficacy of social workers in their professional activities.
ENGINEERING INNOVATION AND MARKET SUCCESS: EXPLORING THE NEED FOR ENGINEERS’ MARKETING SKILLS
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Bhati Parulkumari , Zascerinska Jelena , Bikova Anastasija , Aleksejeva Ludmila , Zascerinskis Mihails , Gukovica Olga
Published: December 2024

Resulting marketing and engineering product goals require engineering and marketing to be interconnected, as the unity of engineering innovation and its marketing leads to product market success. Sustainability affects product market success. The aim of this study is to explore the need for engineers’ marketing skills, both theoretically and empirically. The present work represents exploratory research. Theoretical research is based on the analysis of scientific literature available via Google search. This empirical study was conducted in the year 2024. A total of 209 undergraduate engineering students studying computer science in India participated in an online survey. Data from the online survey were processed via frequency analysis, percentage, and ranking. Theoretical analysis allows us to conclude that sustainability is the cornerstone in modelling engineers’ marketing skills, as well as in the creation of engineering innovation (product design). Theoretical research results in modelling engineers’ marketing skills, consisting of five sub-skills. The empirical study found that social media marketing skills for engineers who represent the digital economy are the most important. Engineers’ marketing skills are an emerging research area. The limitations of this theoretical analysis and empirical study are highlighted. Future research directions are proposed.
Optimization of Warehouse Location and Inventory Management for an Industrial Textile Manufacturer Company in Türkiye
Authors: Tutkun Tutku , Nergiz İrem Nur , Kaya Rukiye , Satıç Uğur
Published: December 2024

In this study, we consider the demand forecasting, facility location, and inventory management problems of an industrial textile manufacturer company in Türkiye. First, we begin with the demand forecasting problem for thirty-two different products and employ ABC analysis to categorise the products. Then we test multiple forecasting methods and find out that Exponential Smoothing and Croston's TSB methods perform better in our categories. Using the demand forecast results in the facility location problem, we search for a location in Europe for a warehouse. For the facility location problem, we use a mixed-integer nonlinear mathematical model to minimise the transportation cost, and warehouse rental cost. We solve the model by using GAMS Solver. Then, we handle the inventory management problem and determine the quantity of the products that are sent from the factory and the warehouse to the customer. We propose a genetic algorithm approach that generates reorder quantities and reorder points for both the factory and the warehouse to minimise the total logistics costs, including holding, ordering and stockout costs. We use simulation models to calculate the logistics costs then we use these costs as fitness values to choose the best reorder quantities and reorder points. The proposed approach offers improvement in demand forecasting, inventory management, and facility location problems and brings up a 26% reduction in total logistic costs.
Exploring Antioxidant and Genotoxic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Karaerik Grape Leaves: A Green Approach
Authors: Bayğu Gürhan , Altun Çolak Deniz
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, plant extract-mediated biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained prominence as a pivotal research domain. Silver nanoparticles are traditionally synthesized using highly toxic and ecologically hazardous chemical and physical methods. The emerging green synthesis approach offers more eco-friendly alternatives while reducing production costs. Hence, the present study opted for a nature-friendly green synthesis method to produce silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The reaction involved the treatment of AgNO3 (5 mM) with an aqueous extract of Karaerik grape leaf. Subsequently, the potentially toxic, genotoxic, and antioxidant effects of purchased chemically produced silver nanoparticles (AgNP(c)) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP(b)) that we synthesized using the green method were investigated on Drosophila melanogaster transheterozygous larvae. The study employed 72 ± 4 hour-old larvae bearing the recessive flr3 and mwh determinant genes on their third chromosomes. Exposure scenarios included 1 mM Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), AgNPs (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/mL), and EMS+ AgNPs. Interestingly, the EMS+ AgNPs combination reduced total oxidant status while increasing total antioxidant status significantly compared to EMS alone. To assess genotoxic effects, mutant trichomes resulting from genetic changes in the development of wing imaginal discs were examined. Furthermore, the AgNP synthesized through green synthesis demonstrated antioxidant properties and displayed no genotoxicity. In conclusion, the research highlights the promising potential of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles, which provide an eco-friendly and safe method for various applications.
SimCLR-based Self-Supervised Learning Approach for Limited Brain MRI and Unlabeled Images
Authors: Fırıldak Kazım , Çelik Gaffari , Talu Muhammed Fatih
Published: December 2024

In this study, a SimCLR-based model is proposed for the classification of unlabeled brain tumor images in medical imaging using a self-supervised learning (SSL) technique. Additionally, the performances of different SSL techniques (Barlow Twins, NnCLR, and SimCLR) are analyzed to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Three different datasets, consisting of pituitary, meningioma, and glioma brain tumors as well as non-tumor images, were used as the dataset. Out of a total of 7,671 images, 6,128 were used as unlabeled data, and the model was trained with both labeled and unlabeled data. The proposed model achieved high performance with unlabeled data, reducing the need for manual labeling. As a result, the model demonstrated superior performance compared to other models, with high performance values such as 99.35% c_acc and 96.31% p_acc.
Diagnosing metabolic disorders at hospital admission in patients with COVID-19 to evaluate the risk of bacterial sepsis: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Trikole Artur I.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is one of the most common life-threatening complications of COVID-19 occurring in 20% to 52% of hospitalized patients by various estimates. Lactate levels in combination with refractory hypotension are part of the criteria for septic shock and are widely used for predicting bacterial sepsis. However, the contribution of the lactate levels as a risk factor for sepsis in COVID-19 remains unclear.
AIM: To establish the association between the onset of sepsis in COVID-19 and the baseline values of lactate, glucose, and lactate dehydrogenase at admission to the specialized hospital department.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was based at N.A. Semashko Regional Clinical Hospital in Nizhny Novgorod and included 11,647 patients with confirmed COVID-19.
RESULTS: Hyperlactatemia was found in 7,945 patients, accounting for 68.2% of all admissions. Later on, sepsis was diagnosed in 627 (5.4%) of those, while baseline hyperlactatemia was observed in 515 patients (82.1%). Most patients who had baseline hyperlactatemia and developed sepsis during the hospital stay also demonstrated higher lactate dehydrogenase and glucose levels at baseline. Baseline hyperlactatemia of 4.1 to 6.0 mmol/L and 6.0 mmol/L was found to be significantly associated with a higher incidence of sepsis: 3.6 times ( p =0.00004) and 6 times ( p =0.00001) higher, respectively. In 2.0 to 4.0 mmol/L baseline hyperlactatemia, sepsis was not any more frequent than in patients with normal lactate levels at admission. Baseline hyperglycemia resulted in 2.18-fold higher incidence of sepsis ( p =0.00012), and elevated baseline lactate dehydrogenase raised the probability of sepsis by 2.37 times ( p =0.00011).
CONCLUSION: Abnormal metabolism parameters at admission are associated with sepsis in patients with moderate COVID-19.
Solving the challenges of interpolating NO2 from SPRINT data and modelling population movements in agent-based modelling
Authors: Shin Hyesop , Silverman Eric
Published: December 2024

This study addresses two critical challenges in urban air quality exposure simulation and offers solutions. The first challenge is to generate nitrogen dioxide (NO2) fields across the city of London from available stations that provide Spatially Poor but Rich In Time (SPRINT) data. We first used Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) to spatially interpolate NO2 at each half-a-day step. Each station had a list of hourly NO2 values for each time step, from which one NO2 value was selected by a stochastic process to generate the field. We also added weightings of up to a factor of 3 to London's NOx emissions to account for emissions from sources other than vehicles. We cross-validated the modelled data with the station data and found beta parameter of 1.5 to be the most appropriate 'power' parameter. The second challenge investigated the use of a fractional origin-destination (OD) matrix to see how to overcome errors when assigning destinations to a small set of population. We tested that ‘the nested bin strategy’ worked well for our 6,078 London resident agents. To enrich the dynamics to represent people’s non-work mobility patterns, we included visits to recreational areas during weekends and festive periods. This, in turn, provides a more comprehensive representation of urban mobility. Solutions to each challenge can provide more accurate assessments of pollution exposure, leading to better informed public health interventions.
The first record and occurrence of microsporidian pathogen, Chytridiopsis cf. typographi (Microspora) in Pityokteines curvidens (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) populations in Türkiye
Authors: Yaman Mustafa , Sağlam Tuğba
Published: December 2024

Pityokteines curvidens is one of the most damaging bark beetles to coniferous trees, especially fir and it may cause significant tree death in Türkiye. Control methods are insufficient to control the pest due to its biology under tree bark. Entomopathogens can play a suppressive role on natural populations of pest insects. In the present study, the occurrence of Chytridiopsis typographi, the microsporidian pathogen of P. curvidens is presented for the Bolu region during four years. A total of 1.366 P. curvidens adult samples were dissected and searched for the microsporidian pathogen during the study. The first infection was found in P. curvidens adult samples collected in 2009 with a 1.6% infection rate. After 2009, the infection was also observed in the years, 2020 and 2021 as 0.8 and 3.6%, respectively. The infection ranged from 0.8 to 3.6%. The results of our study show that C. typographi has established a relatively stable infection in the P. curvidens populations over the last decade. This is the first study to show the occurrence of an entomopathogenic microsporridium in P. curvidens populations in Türkiye.
Saponin kullanımının PP esaslı odun-plastik kompozitlerin fiziksel, mekanik ve yanma özellikleri üzerine etkisi
Authors: Atar İlkay
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada şişen alev geciktirici ve odun ununun kompozit malzemelerin fiziksel, mekanik ve yanma özellikleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Şişen alev geciktirici olarak saponin (SP), amonyum polifosfat (APP) ve pentaeritritol (PER) kullanılmıştır. Üretimlerde odun unu %0-10, APP %0-18 ve PER %0-6 oranında kullanılmıştır. SP’nin kompozit malzemenin fiziksel, mekanik ve yanma özellikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla %0-2-4-6-8 oranında kullanılmıştır. Toplamda 20 farklı kombinasyonda kompozit malzeme üretimi yapılmıştır. Üretimi yapılan kompozitlerin yoğunluk değeri, çekme direnci (ÇD), çekme elastikiyet modülü (ÇM), kopmada uzama (KU), eğilme direnci (ED), eğilmede elastikiyet modülü (EM), darbe direnci (DD), yatay yanma ve limit oksijen indeksi (LOI) değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Test sonuçlarına göre odun unu, APP/PER ve SP ilavesi ile çekme direncinde ve kopmada uzama değerlerinde azalma görülürkençekme elastikiyet modülü, eğilme direnci, eğilmede elastikiyet modülü vedarbe direncinde değerlerinde artışmeydana gelmiştir. Dolgu maddelerinin ilavesi ile örneklerin yoğunluklarında artış tespit edilmiştir. Kompozit malzemelere APP/PER ilave edilmesi yanma özelliklerini iyileştirmiştir. Yatay yanma testinde APP/PER katkılı örneklerde alev ilerleme yapmamış ve sönmüştür. SP kullanım oranının artması ile yanma hızında düşme ve LOI değerinde artış tespit edilmiştir.
Comparison of plant species diversity, site index, and mean tree ring width values of different altitudinal zones in Turkish pine stands
Authors: Özdemir Serkan , Erfidan Oğuzhan
Published: December 2024

Diversity and productivity have consistently been central topics in forestry research. With the advent of climate change, the need to better understand increasingly scarce natural resources has become critical for sustainable use. In this study, differences in alpha species diversity, site index, and tree-ring widths across three different altitudinal zones were analyzed. Additionally, the relationships between these parameters and environmental variables were analyzed. Initially, a normality test was applied to the data. Due to the failure to meet the normality assumption, non-parametric methods were preferred for data analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to identify differences between groups. To determine the relationships of alpha species diversity, site index, and tree-ring width with environmental variables, Spearman correlation analysis was used, focusing on the Shannon and Simpson indices. Our results showed that Shannon and Simpson diversity differ across different altitudinal zones, while no differences were observed in terms of site index and annual ring growth. On the other hand, Bio1 and Bio12 were identified as the most influential variables on diversity. Additionally, there was a relatively low negative correlation between the site index and slope variable and between annual ring growth and the radiation index variable. The findings obtained from this study provided important insights for forestry management. In particular, understanding the effects of altitude-dependent abiotic factors on species diversity and tree ring growth will enable more accurate planning.
Ceviz taneni uygulanmış ağaç türlerinin yüzey parlaklık özellikleri
Authors: Yaşar Şadiye , Uzun Alaaddin , Yalınkılıç Ahmet Cihangir , Yaşar Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Günümüzde artan çevresel kaygılar, araştırmacıları daha ekolojik ve sürdürülebilir malzemelere yönlendirmektedir. Bu çalışmada ceviz taneninin ceviz (Juglans regia L.) ve sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) odunlarının yüzey parlaklık özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, sarıçam ve ceviz ağacının yüzeylerine fırça kullanılarak ceviz tanen uygulanmış, ardından su bazlı ve poliüretan verniklerin kaplamaları yapılmıştır. Tanen uygulamasının görsel etkisini değerlendirmek için ahşap örneklerin yüzey parlaklığı ölçülmüştür. Liflere dik ve paralel olarak en yüksek parlaklık değeri poliüretan vernikli sarıçam kontrol örneklerinde, liflere dikte en düşük ise su bazlı vernikli ceviz kontrol örneklerinde, paralel de en düşük değer ise tanen + poliüretan vernikli cevizde bulunmuştur. Bulgular, vernik türünün parlaklık değerlerini önemli ölçüde etkilediğini ve ceviz tanen uygulamasının her iki ağaç türünün yüzey parlaklık özellikleri üzerinde gözle görülür bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Tek ağaçta göğüs çap artımının periyot süresi, yaş sınıfı ve sosyal sınıfına göre değişimi: Sarıkamış yöresi sarıçam meşcereleri örneği
Authors: Koparan Burak , Alkan Onur , Carus Serdar , Çatal Yılmaz , Ozçelik Ramazan
Published: December 2024

Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ekolojik ve ekonomik açıdan önemli bir ağaç türümüzdür. Bu çalışmada, sarıçamın önemli yayılış alanlarından Sarıkamış- Erzurum yöresinde periyot süresi, yaş sınıfı ve ağacın bulunduğu sosyal sınıfın tek ağaçta göğüs çapı-çap artımı ilişkisini açıklamadaki başarıları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla yörede 67 adet örnek alanda 268 adet örnek ağaçtan Pressler artım burgusu ile göğüs yüksekliğinden birbirine dik iki artım kalemi alınmıştır. Artım kalemleri üzerinden son 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 ve 15 yıllık çap artımları (mm) ölçülmüştür. Örnek ağaçlar, yaş bakımından genç (yaş grubu- 1), orta (yaş grubu- 2) ve yaşlı (yaş grubu- 3) olmak üzere üç gruba ve Kraft sosyal sınıflarına göre ileri galip, galip, baskıda ve müşterek olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Tek ağaçta göğüs çapı- çap artımı değerleri istatistiksel açıdan aritmetik ortalama bakımından farklı olup olmadığı eşleştirilmiş t testi karşılaştırılmıştır. 10 yıllık periyotlardaki çap artımları kontrol grubu olarak seçilmiştir. Yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda tek ağaçta göğüs çapı-çap artımını ilişkisini açıklamada sosyal sınıf olarak ileri galip ve galip ağaçlar, periyot süresi olarak ise sırayla yaş grubu 1 için 10, 15 ve 7 yıllık periyotlar; yaş grubu 2 için 10, 7 ve 15 yıllık periyotlar ve yaş grubu 3 için ise 15, 10 ve 7 yıllık periyotlar daha başarılı olmuştur.
Aydın ili Karacasu ilçesi Taşoluk doğal merasının vejetasyon özellikleri ve ot veriminin belirlenmesi
Authors: Babalık Ahmet Alper , Kirazlı Haydar Can
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma, Aydın ili Karacasu ilçesinde yer alan ortalama 1550 metre rakıma ve %22 eğime sahip Taşoluk doğal merasında 2022 yılı vejetasyon döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada doğal mera alanının bitki örtüsü özellikleri incelenmiştir. Vejetasyon ölçümlerinde lup ve kuadrat yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda mera alanında 37 familyaya ait 147 adet bitki taksonu tespit edilmiştir. En çok taksona sahip familyalar sırasıyla 17 takson ile Asteraceae, 13 takson ile Lamiacea ve 9 takson ile Poaceae olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışma sahasının bitkiyle kaplı alan değeri %44 olarak belirlenmiştir. Mera alanının botanik kompozisyonunun %44.79’unu buğdaygiller, %31.23’ünü baklagiller ve %23.98’ini diğer familyalar oluşturmaktadır. Mera alanının topraküstü biyokütle miktarı 302.02 kg/da, toprakaltı biyokütle miktarı ise 322.80 kg/da olarak belirlenmiştir. Otlatma kapasitesi 59.88 BBHB ve mera durumu ise orta olarak tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, doğal mera alanında yoğun otlatma baskısının mevcut olduğunu ve mera vejetasyonunun zarar gördüğünü göstermektedir. Bu durum, doğal meraların ıslah edilmesi ve uygun iyileştirme yöntemlerinin uygulanması yoluyla otlatma baskısının azaltılması ve toprağı erozyona karşı koruyan kaliteli bitki örtüsünün artırılması gereğini ortaya koymaktadır.
Moisture dependent bending properties of poplar
Authors: Yılmaz Aydın Tuğba , Özkan Uğur
Published: December 2024

The influence of moisture on the physical (density) and mechanical (modulus of rupture-MOR, modulus of elasticity-MOE) properties of Populus x canadensis M. were figured out by three three-point bending tests and ultrasonic testing . Samples were conditioned at 20±1 °C and 45, 65, and 85% relative humidity. The calculated ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity (VLL) was used to determine dynamic MOE (4549 to 4735 MPa) and compared to static MOE (5461 to 5910 MPa). Static MOE values are around 15.3% to 28.1% higher than dynamic values. MOR values, the most influenced properties, decreased from 70.1 MPa to 51.3 MPa with the increase in moisture. Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.52 (MOR vs VLL) to 0.94 MOEdyn vs VLL). The R² values ranged from 0.187 (VLL vs MOR at 85% RH) to 0.94% (VLL vs Edyn at 65% RH).
Aydın - Kuyucak yöresinde kızılçam verimliliğinin modellenmesi
Authors: Keçelioğlu Hüseyin , Şentürk Özdemir
Published: December 2024

Orman kaynaklarının sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak amacıyla, orman alanlarında uygun ormancılık uygulamalarının gerçekleştirilmesi kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, asli türlerin verimlilik modellerinin geliştirilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, kızılçam türünün verimliliğini modelleyerek, türün yetişme ortamlarına ilişkin yüksek ve düşük bonitet potansiyeline sahip bölgelerin belirlenmesini hedeflemiştir. Kızılçam verimliliğinin modellenmesi amacıyla 20 x 20 m büyüklüğündeki her bir örnek alanda en az 3 adet istikbal vadeden bonitet ağacı belirlenmiştir. Bonitet ağaçlarından elde edilen veriler kullanılarak her bir örnek alanda kızılçamın bonitet endeks değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Ardından, çevresel ve iklim değişkenlerinin oluşturulması süreci tamamlanmış olup çoklu regresyon analizi ve regresyon ağacı yöntemi kullanılarak kızılçam verimliliğinin modellenmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Modelleme sonucunda yükselti, yıllık yağış miktarı ve sıcaklık yükü değişkenleri modeli yapılandırmıştır. Yıllık yağış miktarının yaklaşık 470 mm’nin üzerinde, daha fazla sıcaklık yüküne sahip bakılarda ve yükseltinin 326 m’nin altında olduğu yerlerde en yüksek bonitet endeks değeri elde edilmiştir. Büyük Menderes Ovası’ndaki yoğun tarımsal faaliyetler ve belirgin antropojenik etkilerden dolayı elde edilen bonitet değerleri nispeten düşük çıkmıştır. Çalışma alanında kızılçam meşcerelerinin kötü bonitette veya boşluklu kuruluşta olması elde edilen sonuçları destekler niteliktedir. Bu tür alanlarda gerçekleştirilecek tamamlama, ağaçlandırma veya gençleştirme gibi ormancılık müdahalelerinin, meşcerelerin sağlığının yeniden kazandırılmasına ve daha nitelikli hale dönüştürülmesine katkı sağlayacağı ve bu süreçte uygulayıcılara yön göstereceği öngörülmektedir. Ayrıca, orman alanlarının sürekliliğinin sağlanması, ekosistem restorasyonu, koruma ve planlama süreçlerinde uygulamacılara yardımcı olacağı aşikardır.
Köprülü Kanyon Milli Parkında su samuru-insan çatışması
Authors: Eker Bedirhan , Ünal Yasin , Koca Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Avrasya su samuru (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) Dünya’da yayılış gösteren 13 su samuru türünün en yaygın olanıdır. Sansargiller (Mustalidae) familyasına mensup yarı sucul tek türümüz ve nokturnal bir tür olarak bilinmektedir. Bugün ki yayılış haritası birçok ülkeyi ve bölgeyi kapsamaktadır. IUCN (Dünya Doğa ve Doğal Kaynakları Koruma Birliği) kriterlerine göre 2000'li yılların başında “Vulnerable (duyarlı: neslinin doğada tükenme riski yüksek olan)” statüsündeyken, 2004 yılından itibaren “Near Threatened (tehdite yakın: yakın gelecekte tehdit altında olarak tanımlanma olasılığı olan)” olarak değiştirilmiştir. Ülkemizde de bu tür Near Threatened (NT), yani tehdide yakın kategorisinde yer almaktadır. Ekolojik gösterge türü olarak da bilinen su samurunun biyolojik çeşitlilik içerisindeki yerini koruyarak geleceğe aktarılması önemlidir. Su samuru, BERN Sözleşmesi kesin koruma altına alınan fauna türleri listesinde yer almaktadır. Mevcut popülasyonlar yaygın olmasına rağmen, özellikle Avrupa'da, Avrasya su samuru sayısı çevre kirliliği ve habitat kaybı gibi nedenlerden dolayı büyük düşüş göstermektedir. Yaban hayatı, bir ekosistemin durumu hakkında bilgi sağlayan önemli bir ekolojik göstergedir ve bir alanda yaban hayatının varlığı, bir alandaki yapısal eksiklikler, temizlik ve kirlilik hakkında bilgi verirken, ekosistem başarısını ortaya koyar. Teknoloji, nüfus artışı, hava ve su sistemlerinin kirlenmesi, orman yangınlarının çıkması, tarımsal amaçlı kullanılan su zengini alanların kuruması, kullanılan tarım ilaçlarının kimyasal etkileri ve bunların neden olduğu kirlilik orman ekosistemlerini ve su sulak oldukça olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu faktörlerin su samuru, türleri ve habitatları üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini en aza indirmek için gerekli tüm önlemler alınmalıdır. Bu makalede IUCN Kriterlerine nesli tehlike altında bulunan Avrasya su samuru popülasyonunun ekolojik önemi, Köprülü Kanyon Milli Parkında karşılaştığı tehlikeler üzerine elde edilen bulgular ve koruma stratejileri paylaşılacaktır. Su samuru ve sulak alanların sürdürülebilir olması için, dünya çapında kabul görmüş entegre kontrol faaliyetinin desteklenmesi için halkın ve gerekli kamu kuruluşlarının bilinçlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Doğal karaçam meşcereleri için yöresel karışık etkili çap-boy modellerinin geliştirilmesi
Authors: Alkan Onur , Ozçelik Ramazan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Isparta-Eğirdir Yöresi doğal karaçam (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold.) meşcereleri için doğrusal karışık etkili çap-boy modelleri geliştirilmiştir. 2021-2022 yılları arasında 135 örnek alandan elde edilen toplam 4271 adet örnek ağaç verisi, modelin parametre tahmini ve kalibrasyon testleri için kullanılmıştır. Model geliştirme grubunda çap ortalaması 34,35 cm, boy ortalaması 15,40 m olarak belirlenirken; test grubunda bu değerler sırasıyla 31,26 cm ve 14,07 m olarak hesaplanmıştır. Farklı kalibrasyon alternatifleri, tahmin performansını artırmak amacıyla 1 ila 10 ağaç kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, özellikle 5 ve 10 ağaç kalibrasyonu ile modelin tahmin doğruluğunun arttığını göstermiştir. Sabit etkili modele kıyasla karışık etkili modelin hata kareler ortalamasının karekökü (RMSE) değeri %32 oranında daha düşük bulunmuştur. Çalışma, önerilen modelin orman envanter çalışmalarında karaçam meşcerelerinin ağaç boyu tahmininde etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.
A consensus on the utility of the anti-müllerian hormone assay in the assessment of ovarian reserve and gynecological conditions among Indian gynecologists
Authors: Pai Rishma D. , Pai Hrishikesh D. , Palshetkar Nandita , Singh Rakhi , Soni Anju , Kale Ashish , Kumar Priti , Vyas Lila , Saxena Mitra , Tayade Surekha , Pranesh Gautham , Sengupta Sohini
Published: December 2024

Infertility is a global issue that causes distress. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count are reliable ovarian reserve markers. The stability of serum AMH levels throughout the menstrual cycle makes monitoring ovarian function decline convenient. This consensus aimed to develop recommendations for the application of the AMH assay in assessing ovarian reserve and broader clinical decision-making among gynecologists in India. A modified Delphi method was used, with a panel of 10 expert gynecologists and 2 lab experts from India, to establish an expert consensus. A questionnaire consisting of 29 consensus statements was administered, covering topics related to ovarian reserve, AMH markers, assay reliability, performance, and specific conditions such as ovarian tumors and endometriosis. Through two rounds of the modified Delphi method, 21 consensus statements were ultimately formulated. The consensus was determined using an 80% cutoff. The panel reached a consensus on 19 statements and a moderate consensus on two, emphasizing the significance of AMH testing in evaluating ovarian reserve and reproductive aging. The panel agreed that AMH assays were valuable in predicting ovarian response to fertility treatments, diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis, and guiding fertility preservation. It was concluded that AMH testing is crucial for infertility management in India, offering insights into ovarian reserve and reproductive aging. Standardized automated assays ensure speed and precision, aiding in diagnosing fertility conditions, predicting treatment responses, and preserving fertility during therapy. International standards for accurate interpretation are imperative. Overall, AMH testing plays a pivotal role in personalized fertility care in India.
The role of warfarin in anticoagulation therapy: Current insight’s and clinical perspectives
Authors: Umashankar Niroja , Oommen Binju Mercy
Published: December 2024

Warfarin, a widely used oral anticoagulant and vitamin K antagonist, plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis and thromboembolic complications. This review explores the pharmacological properties, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic monitoring, and drug-food interactions of warfarin. By inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, warfarin induces a controlled anticoagulation state. However, its narrow therapeutic index presents challenges in achieving and maintaining optimal dosing. Regular monitoring of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is essential to ensure efficacy while minimizing risks. Warfarin's pharmacokinetics, characterized by its racemic mixture and metabolism, contribute to its sensitivity to drug-drug and drug-food interactions. These interactions often necessitate personalized dosing and close monitoring. This review emphasizes evidence-based strategies for warfarin management, including the application of nomogram, computer-assisted dosing systems, and protocols for handling adverse events. It underscores the importance of balancing therapeutic benefits with safety to optimize outcomes for patients undergoing warfarin therapy.
A comparative analysis of Asian medicinal herbs Catharanthus roseus and Vinca alba based on their antidiabetic, anticancer and turbidimetric antibiotic efficacies
Authors: Bhattacharya Malavika , Samanta Debaleena
Published: December 2024

Being on Northern Hemisphere, India is a geographically established country with a large variety of species variation in terms of animals and plants species. According to geographical location, the land barriers in north and the oceanic barriers in east and west region of India made the differences among medicinal plant species being isolated from different areas.

To isolate the pharmaceutical values of those species for antidiabetic, anticancer and antibiotic potencies are essential for further drug establishments from Catharanthus roseus and .

Turbidimetric Assay or Tube Assay method is used to determine antibiotic efficacy against Vinblastine (VLB) and Vincristine (VCR) Reference standards. Bradford assay is used to identify protein content against standard curve. Polysaccharide and Amino acid assay are used to evaluate unknown concentration of dextrose and glycine against known concentration. Presence of alkaloids are tested by Mayer’s test. Thin Layer Chromatography is used to assume presence of Amino acids rich in anticancer peptides.

Both leaf and stem extracts of and are showing significant amount of polysaccharide content, strong protein content, presence of alkaloids, anticancer peptides, hypoglycemic or antidiabetic and antibiotic efficacies.

The medicinal plant species and are well known to be helpful for the medical, biological, pharmacological and biochemical studies for human benefits. So, the desire of medicinal plant utility is a certain thing from the ancient era, till from “Ayurveda shastra” that intricates the therapeutic capability of and .
A comparative study on risk factors, clinical presentation, recovery rates and cost burden of patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Femi S V  , Nath Nakshathra R , Prasannan Amaya , Maniyath Anurag , Rani Susheela , Kumar E. Satheesh
Published: December 2024

Stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes being the two major types. Understanding their distinct risk factors, clinical presentations, recovery rates, and cost burden is crucial for optimizing patient management and healthcare resource allocation.

To evaluate and compare the risk factors, clinical presentation, recovery rates, and cost burden associated with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital.

A comparative observational study was conducted on 300 stroke patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital, adhering to predefined inclusion criteria. Detailed demographic data, clinical presentation, comorbid conditions, and treatment costs were collected. Daily progress of inpatients was reviewed to assess recovery rates. The cost burden was calculated based on prescription costs for antistroke and other medications over a 5-day period.

Among the 300 participants, 192 (64%) were diagnosed with ischemic stroke and 108 (36%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity, affecting 72% of ischemic stroke patients and 68% of hemorrhagic stroke patients. Clinical presentations varied, with hemiparesis being the most common symptom in ischemic strokes (45%) and severe headaches more frequent in hemorrhagic strokes (52%). Recovery rates were higher in ischemic stroke patients, with 70% showing significant improvement compared to 58% of hemorrhagic stroke patients within the study period. The mean prescription cost for inpatient treatment over 5 days was 973.4 INR for general drugs and 679.24 INR for stroke-specific therapies. For outpatients, the mean prescription cost was 98.73 INR for stroke-specific drugs and 18.3 INR for other medications.

This study highlights the differences in risk factors, clinical presentation, recovery rates, and cost burden between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Addressing these factors can aid in tailoring therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare expenses.
Analysis of fixed dose combinations and price variations of oral antidiabetic agents in the Indian pharmaceutical market
Authors: Geetha Abinish Dyneese , Ramasamy Dhanalakshmi , Siddiq Jamal Ahamed Yusuf , Abdul Rahman Noori Thabassum , Sahadevan Iniyavan , Natarajan Haris Madhavan , Arockia Raj Dino
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to analyse the price variations of Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) of oral antidiabetic agents in India to highlight the percentage price variations among different brands offering the same formulations of oral antidiabetic FDCs.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder requiring consistent medication for blood glucose control. The wide cost variation among antidiabetic agents affects patient access and adherence, underscoring the importance of evaluating price differences to support affordable, effective diabetes management.

This analytical study was conducted from August to September 2024, reviewing prices of 118 formulations across 34 oral antidiabetic FDCs sourced from the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority’s (NPPA) ‘Pharma Sahi Daam’ a public database. FDCs produced by multiple manufacturers were included, excluding single manufacturers. Microsoft Excel 2021 was used throughout the analysis.

Among two-drug combinations, the highest percentage cost variation was observed in glimepiride + metformin (2mg + 1000mg) as 15958.33% and the lowest variation was found with empagliflozin + metformin as 0%. For three-drug combinations, the highest price variation was founded in voglibose + metformin + glimepiride (0.3mg + 500mg + 1mg) as 209900% and the least price variation was found in dapagliflozin + linagliptin + metformin (10mg + 5mg + 500mg) as 0%. The highest brand availability was recorded for glimepiride + metformin with 447 brands, and the lowest for pioglitazone + vildagliptin and teneligliptin + dapagliflozin, with only 2 brands each.

This study highlights significant price variations among oral antidiabetic FDCs in India, which can affect patient’s treatment adherence. These findings underscore the need for intervention by regulatory authorities to enforce stricter measures in the pharmaceutical market to manage these price variations.
Hydroxyurea-induced hemolytic anemia in myeloproliferative disorder: A case report
Authors: Rajan Redlin Jani , Jency Arul Durai Singam Ann , Mohandass Subhalakshmi , Murthy Preethi Bala Dakshina , Ravi Priyadharsini
Published: December 2024

This case study addresses the side effects of hydroxyurea medication in a male patient, age 62, who has had myeloproliferative disease for two years. The patient presented with symptoms of giddiness, chillness, and loss of appetite, prompting admission to the general medicine department. As a result of hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, hematological and biochemical analyses showed a marked decrease in the number of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (PCV), and platelets. Additionally, abnormal values in liver function tests and electrolyte levels were observed, suggesting multi-system involvement. A one-year treatment of hydroxyurea, thalidomide, and folic acid was part of the patient's medical history. A concerning rise in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and red cell distribution width (RDW) was seen in the hematological report, which further demonstrated the seriousness of the hemolytic process. The detailed analysis underscores the adverse effects of hydroxyurea, leading to hemolytic anemia, and exacerbating the existing myeloproliferative disorder. This case emphasizes the critical need for close monitoring of patients undergoing hydroxyurea therapy. Healthcare providers should remain vigilant for potential adverse reactions, especially hemolytic anemia, to ensure timely intervention and optimization of patient care. Adjustments to the treatment plan, along with comprehensive management strategies, are essential to mitigate risks and enhance the overall well-being of individuals with myeloproliferative disorders undergoing hydroxyurea therapy.
Unlocking Cultural Treasures: Viewpoints of Preschool Teachers Working with Refugee Children on Funds of Knowledge
Authors: Altaş Elif Naz , Mumcuoğlu Ayşenur , Özgül Tuba , Demirci Ünal Zeliha , Demircan Hasibe Özlen
Published: December 2024

Funds of knowledge (FoK) is one of the most practical approaches used in multicultural classrooms, particularly in countries hosting numerous refugees. This phenomenological study examined the experiences of 21 preschool teachers working with refugee children regarding how they define FoK and the value of knowing FoK. Accordingly, teachers had comprehensive perspectives regarding FoK. They perceived FoK as valuable in developing bonds and overcoming prejudices. This study revealed the necessity of internalizing the asset approach for inclusive early childhood settings. Policymakers worldwide should incorporate FoK into teacher training and early childhood education curricula. Increasing studies regarding FoK is strongly recommended.
Cultural and Linguistic Ideology in English Textbooks in Korean Contexts: Implications for Educators
Authors: Yoon Bogum , Murtaugh Diana
Published: December 2024

Research shows Eurocentrism dominates English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks, but does it still? Grounded in critical literacy, this study examined cultural elements in 11 South Korean EFL textbooks. The findings reveal 1) a variety of cultural topics, 2) dominance of Western cultures, and 3) white people as key figures. This suggests that the textbooks introduce many countries’ cultural and historical information but marginalize non-Western people, implicitly giving power to Western people. This suggests that equal representation of diverse people and cultures is necessary in textbooks for EFL learners’ access to genuine diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Labor Shortage in Russia: Short-Term and Long-Term Effects
Authors: Maleva T. M. , Lyashok V. Yu.
Published: December 2024

This article examines a relatively new and non-standard phenomenon in the Russian labor market — shortage of labor, which may in principle retard overall economic growth. Assessing the extent and causes of this deficit is a task for independent scientific investigation. The article relies upon various sources of information, each of which shows a different trajectory for the increase in labor shortages. There are both long-term and short-term reasons for the expansion of job vacancies. Long-term causes include demographic factors which have been predetermined during previous decades and which manifest most significantly as a reduction in the potential working-age labor force. The short-term impacts of the epidemiological crisis of 2020-2021 and the economic sanctions that came into force after 2022 are still unfolding but are comparatively limited. The article examines the prospects and limitations of various methods for overcoming the labor shortage, such as raising the retirement age, providing incentives for immigration, increasing the economic activity of various age groups, lengthening work schedules, and industrial and sectoral restructuring of employment. The authors conclude that these measures will have only a partial and short-term impact. Any long-term and strategic solution depends upon increased labor productivity, which requires restructuring the economy, developing its high-tech sectors, and more investment in the economy, education, and human capital.
Fiscal Dominance: The End of Inflation Targeting?
Authors: Avakyan A. A. , Kuznetsova O. S.
Published: December 2024

The acceleration of government expenditures and public debt in both developed and developing countries has prompted concerns about the medium-term sustainability of fiscal policies. If these trends persist, countries may reach a point in the coming decades when fiscal dominance is challenged and the central bank’s ability to combat inflation through higher interest rates is constrained by the risk of undermining fiscal sustainability. Experts have frequently pointed out that, under such conditions, the central bank may be forced to abandon inflation targeting and adopt a more passive role. This paper offers an alternative scenario by proposing that the central bank’s mandate be adjusted to reflect the evolving economic landscape, specifically by incorporating the level of real public debt. This adjustment to the central bank’s mandate means that the optimal monetary policy rule would directly depend on the fiscal policy regime. The analysis conducted here using a New Keynesian DSGE model demonstrates that the kind of change in the mandate that this article proposes would make central bank policy more resilient toward changes in the fiscal policy regime and facilitate balance between stabilized inflation, output, and the level of public debt. In addition, the inclusion of debt in the central bank mandate would enable the bank to retain its active role in fighting inflation in response to an active fiscal policy. The article indicates that a fiscal dominance regime does not necessarily force the central bank to completely lose its independence in shaping monetary policy or to abandon the basic principles of inflation targeting.
The Forward Guidance Puzzle and Anchored Inflation Expectations
Authors: Drobysheva A. D. , Merzlyakov S. A.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, central banks have turned to forward guidance as a key tool of monetary policy. However, standard DSGE models overestimate the impact of forward guidance on the economy, a phenomenon known as the “forward guidance puzzle.” In the model employed, the reaction of firms to a central bank’s announcements depends on the degree of anchoring of inflation expectations. When firms do not revise their forecasts much in response to inflation surprises, the effects of forward guidance shocks are attenuated. Furthermore, an increase in the Taylor rule coefficients implies a faster reversion of inflation and output to their steady state levels, thus resulting in more anchored inflation expectations and dampened effects of forward guidance announcements. However, the central bank's exclusive focus on price stability eliminates forward guidance effects. This paper also studies the dependence of forward guidance on fiscal policy, which arises in a nonRicardian economy. We show that the initial effects of the central bank’s announcements become considerably stronger when steady state debt is positive, whereas a stronger reaction of fiscal policy to debt fluctuations attenuates the power of forward guidance.
Analyzing Fiscal Multipliers in the Russian Federation Using a DSGE Model With Jaimovich-Rebelo Preferences
Authors: Polbin A. V.
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a DSGE model for the Russian economy with a new specification in which the utility function of Ricardian households is described using Jaimovich-Rebelo preferences to reduce the impact of the income effect on labor supply. Along with Ricardian households, the model also considers non-Ricardian households that consume all their current income. The DSGE model depicts a small open economy that consists of two production sectors: domestic and export. The model is realistically calibrated and provides a qualitative analysis of differences in fiscal multipliers under varying conditions for the economy’s functioning in order to identify the impact of different versions of the utility function on the transmission of fiscal policy. Further econometric assessment of the model’s parameters would be required to obtain more accurate estimates of the fiscal multipliers. The conclusion is that, under free flow of capital, government spending on final consumption of goods and services results in multipliers greater than one if the increase in government spending is short-term (1 to 2 quarters), or if the central bank responds to a fiscal shock with monetary stimulus. For public investment and transfers, the multipliers are systematically less than one because much of this expenditure is spent on imports. With strict limits on the movement of capital, the situation changes dramatically; the multipliers for all the types of government spending considered when an increase in it is sustained for one year comes to about 1.5. However, a strong GDP response to government spending shocks typically has serious inflationary consequences. Therefore, the high inflation and rapid recovery of GDP with some signs of overheating observed in recent years can be qualitatively attributed to an expansive fiscal policy in the presence of restrictions on the movement of capital.
The Affiliative Relations of the Black Atlantic in John A. Williams’s The Man Who Cried I Am
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Martín
Published: December 2024

This article explores how African American identity relates to different national scenarios in John A. Williams’s 1967 novel The Man Who Cried I Am. In his book, Williams narrates the story of Max Reddick, a forty-nine-year-old African American writer who, in a span of two days, remembers his nomadic life from his latest sojourn in the Netherlands. The large array of geographies that the protagonist traverses through the story comes together under Paul Gilroy’s notion of the Black Atlantic, in that the “affiliative” relations, following Edward Said’s terminology, that the protagonist experiences across Europe, the US, and Africa unveils the ties that bring together Black people in the West. In this light, the article argues that these transnational affiliative ties contribute to reshaping African American identity in the post-World War II period.