bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Some Heavy Metals on Germination and Seedling Growth of Sorghum
Authors: ERTEKİN Esra Nermin , ERTEKİN İbrahim , BİLGEN Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Heavy metal contamination in soils can adversely affect seed germination and seedling growth of most plants. This research was conducted to determine the effects of different doses (0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg L-1) of Ni (nickel), Cd (cadmium), Pb (lead), Cr (chromium) and Hg (mercury) on seed germination and seedling growth of sorghum. The study was conducted in laboratory conditions at the Agricultural Faculty of Akdeniz University in 2017. Sorghum cv. N48×Early Sumac was used as the plant material. In the research, germination rate (GR), relative germination index (RGI), mean germination time (MGT), relative vigor index (RVI), relative root length (RRL), relative shoot length (RSL), root fresh weight (RFW) and shoot fresh weight (SFW) were measured during germination and seedling growth to determine the effects of heavy metals. The results showed that both germination and seedling growth properties were adversely affected by heavy metals. In addition, while the negative effect of cadmium on germination properties was limited, it had serious negative effects on seedling characteristics of sorghum. Increasing heavy metal doses adversely affected all investigated properties. In conclusion, all heavy metals including Hg and Cd had negative effect on germination and seedling growth of sorghum in the study.
Dynamics of sugar beet root, crown and leaves mass with regard to plant densities and spring nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Varga Ivana , Lončarić Zdenko , Pospišil Milan , Rastija Mirta , Antunović Manda
Published: June 2020

This study analyzes the dynamics of sugar beet root, crown, and leaves fresh and dry matter (FM and DM, respectively) accumulation per plant and their mass ratio at different plant densities and nitrogen fertilization. The biennial field trials were set as four different planting densities (60,000, 80,000, 100,000 and 140,000 plants ha-1) and three methods of nitrogen application in spring: control – without nitrogen fertilization (N0), presowing only (N1), and presowing with topdressing (N2). Close to the maturation, the mean DM of the whole root, crown, and leaves on September 20, 2014 amounted to 28.8, 7.3 and 4.0 t ha-1, respectively, whereas it amounted to 20.7, 4.1 and 2.3 t ha-1 in 2015, respectively. Moreover, with regard to the plant densities, the highest root DM was at 140,000 and 100,000 (31.6 t ha-1 in 2014 and 22.4 t ha-1 in 2015), compared to the wider plant densities of 80,000 and 60,000 plants ha-1 (22.4 t ha-1 in 2014 and 18.1 t ha-1 in 2015). Nitrogen fertilization positively influenced on dry matter accumulation, but it was different within the years. On September 20, 2014, a presowing fertilization (N1) increased the root DM by 17%, compared to the control, whereas in 2015 the presowing with topdressing (N2) increased the root DM by 30%. The root-to-leaves FM ratio amounted to 1:3.9 on May 30, 2014, whereas it amounted to 1:0.1 on September 20, 2014. The leaves FM was at its largest on June 20, 2015, when the root-to-leaves ratio amounted to 1:1.1, and gradually decreased to 1:0.1 on September 20, 2015.
Modeliranje pogodnosti poljoprivrednog zemljišta za uzgoj ječma uporabom višekriterijske GIS analize
Authors: Šiljeg Ante , Jurišić Mladen , Radočaj Dorijan , Videković Matej
Published: June 2020

Važnost primjene višekriterijske analize primjenom Geografskoga informacijskog sustava (GIS-a) u planiranju poljoprivredne proizvodnje u porastu je zbog sve veće potrebe za boljim i održivim iskorištavanjem zemljišnih resursa. U ovome je istraživanju izrađen model izračuna pogodnosti poljoprivrednoga zemljišta Osječko-baranjske županije za uzgoj ječma primjenom višekriterijske GIS analize. Postupak istraživanja proveden je u skladu s temeljnim koracima višekriterijske GIS analize: postavljanjem cilja analize, određivanjem kriterija, standardizacijom vrijednosti, određivanjem težina kriterija, objedinjavanjem standardiziranih vrijednosti i težina kriterija te validacijom rezultata. Pri izračunu pogodnosti korišteno je pet skupina kriterija: geomorfometrijski, klimatski, pedološki, hidrološki i ograničavajući kriteriji. Težinski koeficijenti kriterija određeni su metodom analitičkoga hijerarhijskog procesa (AHP). Vrijednosti pogodnosti reklasificirane su prema standardu pogodnosti poljoprivrednoga zemljišta Organizacije za prehranu i poljoprivredu (FAO) u pet klasa. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je prostor Osječko-baranjske županije dominantno umjereno pogodan (S2) za uzgoj ječma s 53,00% poljoprivrednoga zemljišta. Najviša točnost izračunane površine u odnosu na površine testnih ARKOD čestica postignuta je za vrlo pogodnu (S1) kategoriju pogodnosti u iznosu 99,82%. Izrađeni model predstavlja temelj za izračun pogodnosti ostalih kultura na području Osječko-baranjske županije, na mezo- i mikrorazini istraživanja.
Clinical spectrum of enteric fever in children admitted to a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Wani Jawad Nazir , Bhat Abdus Sami , Yusuf Saleem , Qureshi Umer Amin
Published: June 2020

Background: Enteric fever is a common public health problem with variable clinical presentation. The aim of study was to study the clinical spectrum of enteric fever in children.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted over period of one year from January 2019 to January 2020 in the Department of Paediatrics at Govt Medical College Srinagar. It included all patients in the age group of 1-18 years who were clinically suspected to have enteric fever and had either a positive blood culture for Salmonella or a positive Widal test.Results: This study included total of 76 patients out of which 36 were males and 40 were females. The most common presenting symptoms were fever anorexia, vomiting, diarrohea, abdominal pain, headache and constipation. The most common signs were coated tongue, toxic look, hepatomegaly, splenomeagly, pallor, jaundice and abdominal distension. Complications were seen in in 8 (10.5%) patients. Myocarditis was seen in 3 patients. Encephalopathy and hepatitis was seen in 2 patients each. Pneumonia was seen in 1 patient. Majority of patients had normal white blood cell count (4000-11000/cumm). Leukopenia (<4000/cumm) was seen in 10% patients and leukocytosis (>11000/cumm) was seen in 15% patients. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 9% patients. Blood culture was positive in 36 (47.36%) patients. Salmonella typhi was seen in 33 patients whereas Salmonella paratyphi A was seen in 3 patients. All culture positive cases were sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefixime and azithromycin. Ciprofloxacin resistance was seen in 11 (14.4%) patients.Conclusions: Enteric fever is a common public health problem with fever as most common presenting symptom. Culture yield can be increased in enteric fever by drawing blood culture prior to administration of antibiotics. Ceftriaxone is highly efficacious as monotherapy in enteric fever.
Association of vitamin D deficiency and bone mass with liver and heart iron overload in transfusion dependent thalassemia
Authors: Verma Anjali , Khanna Alok , Jangra Babita , Nanda Sanjiv , Verma Surender
Published: June 2020

Background: Transfusion dependent thalassemia patients are reported to have Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in many countries. Vitamin D hydroxylation occurs in the liver; whether liver iron overload interferes with this step has not been addressed till date. This study helps to establish an association between liver iron concentration (LIC) and heart iron concentration (MIC) with vitamin D levels and Bone Mass Density in these patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was done by including transfusion dependent Thalassemia patients (TM) if they had an assessment of Liver and cardiac iron done by T2*MRI and bone mineral density by DEXA. Clinical data regarding age, gender, type of iron chelation therapy and laboratory data of S. ferritin and Vitamin D was collected. Data was assessed using appropriate statistical methods.Results: Among 40 TM patients were taken and mean age was 17.6 years. Vitamin D deficiency was identified in 26(65%). 20 out of them had an LIC>7mg/g DW and 6 had MIC>1.65mg/g DW. There was a significant association between LIC>7mg/g and vitamin D level<20 ng/ml and a significant inverse correlation between LIC and vitamin D, suggesting that liver iron overload may indeed affect vitamin D metabolism. Osteopenia was present in 32.5% and osteoporosis was present in 27.5 % of all TM patients. Reduced Bone Mass Density was also found to be linked with iron over load.Conclusions: Regular monitoring of vitamin D levels and supplementation is required in patients with severe liver and heart iron load. More studies are needed to confirm these results.
An observational study to determine the status of serum and RBC folate in drug resistant epileptic children at a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Deopa Bindu , Chaudhary Bhawna , Gupta Ashish
Published: June 2020

Background: Drug resistant epilepsies constitute about 10-20% of childhood epilepsies and treated with higher doses and multiple AEDs. AEDs increases folate metabolism by enzyme induction thus causes deficiency of folic acid.Objective was to evaluate the effect on serum and RBC folate in children having drug resistant epilepsy.Methods: In a prospective observational study 83 drug resistant epileptic children of age 6months to 180 months fulfilled the inclusion criteria enrolled in study, from Oct 2014 to Nov 2016 for a period of two years. Serum and RBC folate levels were done in these children. Epileptic children already receiving folic acid supplementation/treatment were excluded from the study. Children with serum folate level <5ng/ml and RBC folate <280ng/ml was considered as folate deficiency.Results: Total 83 children had drug resistant epilepsy (defined by ILAE). Mean age of children with drug resistant epilepsy was 71.39±49.76 months. 71.08 % were male and 28.91% were female. Mean serum folate in these children was 7.75±2.77 ng/ml and RBC folate 381.63±164.54 ng/ml which was significantly lower as compared to healthy children or epileptic not receiving AEDs. 14.45 % children in drug resistant epilepsy had serum folate <5ng/ml while 20.89% were found to be RBC folate deficient (RBC level <280ng/ml).Conclusions: Antiepileptic drugs are associated with lower blood folate status which deteriorates further with increasing number and doses of AEDs in drug resistant patients. Therefore blood folate monitoring should be done in all children on AEDs on regular intervals and should be considered in the etiologic differentials of drug resistant epilepsy.
Prevalance of anemia in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection: a case control study in children between 6 months to 23 months
Authors: Marol Rajakumar N. , Marol Rohitkumar R. , Marol Renuka R.
Published: June 2020

Background: Anemia and ALRI are quite common in infants and toddlers in developing countries. ALRI is a leading cause of mortality in children below 5 years of age and it is important to prevent risk factors for development of ALRI. Present study was conducted to know the prevalence of anemia in children between 6 m to 23 m with ALRI and the relation between ALRI and anemia.Methods: This is a prospective case control study, conducted at Level 2 hospital situated in   backward district over a period of 1 year. Two hundred cases who had ALRI as per WHO criteria and 200 controls  were taken as the study group. Children were divided in to 3 different age groups. Haemoglobin level was estimated in all.Anemia was defined and classified according to WHO criteria.Results: Out of total 200 children both in cases and controls, 128 (64%) were males and 72 (36%) were females. Overall 190 (95%) of cases and 187 (93.5%) of controls had anemia. The prevalence of anemia was uniform in both sexes and all age groups. Children in the age group 6m -11m were more likely to develop ALRI.Conclusions: Prevalance of anemia in children between 6 m to 23 m with ALRI and without ALRI was 93.5% and 95% respectively. Authors cannot declare with affirmation that there was no association between Hb levels and ALRI as prevalence of anemia was very high in control group. Screening all children for anemia and taking proper intervention measures is necessary while treating for other ailments like ALRI.
Role of serum sodium levels in recurrence and recurrent episodes of febrile seizure
Authors: Benny Sara
Published: June 2020

Background: Simple febrile seizures are the common childhood seizures, usually affecting 1 in 20 children between the age group of 6 months to 60 months. Earlier studies have shown an association between low serum sodium as a cause for febrile seizures and its recurrences. The present study was to determine the role of serum sodium in predicting febrile seizure recurrence within 24 hrs and recurrent episodes.Methods: Children aged between 6 months to 60 months with first episode of febrile seizures, admitted to the Paediatric ward of MOSC medical college Kolenchery, were recruited in the study. Inclusion criteria were demographic data, family history, clinical examinations, and laboratory investigations (serum sodium and hemoglobin).Results: Of the total study population of 100 children 33 had recurrences in 24 hours and 16 had recurrent episodes. About 57 children had a family history of febrile seizures, out which 28 children had recurrence of febrile seizure within 24 hours. 26 children had family history of epilepsy, of which only 8 had recurrences in 24 hours and 5 had recurrent episodes. Serum sodium levels of 69 children was above 130 mmol/l and 31 children had sodium level below 130mmol/l. Of 31 children, with low serum sodium levels (<130mmol/l), 29 had recurrence within 24 hours, which was not statistically significant. The sodium levels of 16 children who had recurrent episodes of seizure, was also between 130.1-135mmol/. No significant differences were seen between the serum sodium levels in simple febrile seizures and recurrent episodes.Conclusions: Study showed low serum sodium is not statistically significant to predict a recurrence within 24 hours, but a relative hyponatremia can predispose, a febrile child to occurrence of simple febrile seizure.
Calcinosis cutis in a neonate with transient hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Nayak Sitikantha , Mishra Baikuntha Narayan , Joshi Ranjit Kumar , Pahi Prabin Prakash
Published: June 2020

Calcinosis cutis is a condition, where there is deposition of calcium salts in skin and subcutaneous tissue, seen often in the middle to elderly aged population and is rare in neonates and infants. There are many aetiological factors, but in neonates and infants it is mostly seen as complication of extravasation of intravenous calcium infusion or trauma. For uncomplicated cases supportive treatment has been advocated. Authors describe a case presented with calcinosis cutis, who was treated for transient hypoparathyroidism in neonatal period.
Utility of brain natriuretic peptide in the neonatal pathologies
Authors: Deshpande Shriprasad R.
Published: June 2020

This is with reference to the recently published article titled ‘N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide as a marker of myocardial dysfunction in newborns with perinatal asphyxia’ by Drs. Kariyappa et al.
Prevalence of cricket-related musculoskeletal pain among Indian junior club cricketers
Authors: Bodanki Chandrasekhar , Krishna Yadoji Hari , Badam Vamshi Kiran , Harsha T. S. S. , Reddy A. V. Gurava
Published: June 2020

Background: Cricket is the most commonly played sport in India. The number of children playing cricket are increasing. There is growing evidence that injury rates in junior cricketers are higher than professional cricketers. In India at the community level, there are no standardized specific cricket injury prevention programmes (CIPP) which reduce injury risk. Minimal data is available from Asian countries, especially on junior cricketers. Our study is an attempt to focus on junior club cricketer injuries, plan safety precautions and emphasize role of CIPP.

Methods: It was an observational study conducted on male junior club cricketers in the age group of 8-16 years. Based on a self-reported questionnaire, player’s physical status, training, injuries and their nature are assessed over a period of 12 months.

Results: Over the study period 36 of 50 cricketers were symptomatic. The lower limb is the most frequently injured. Most common etiology is overuse. We found that the players are not following pre-training warm-up and post-training cool-down.

Conclusions: CIPP should be implemented and strictly followed from the early stages of sports life. Pre-training warm-up and post-training cool-down should be included in their routine training. Overuse i.e. playing overtime and ignoring the pain during practice or match should be avoided. A supervised training and regular screening of players by orthopaedician or sports physician will keep them fit to play with full potential.
A comparative study of the management of pediatric femoral shaft fractures treated conservatively with traction or spica casting
Authors: Shakya Akash , Kakadiya Ghanshyam , Soni Yogesh , Garje Vinayak
Published: June 2020

Background: Femoral shaft fractures, though not very common, are of major concern for orthopedic surgeons. the management for infants and older children is generally universal but the young patients still offer a management dilemma.

Methods: We present a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in India of 37 children between 1 year and 6 years to compare the two conservative methods most commonly used i.e. spica casting and traction application.

Results: We found that though both the methods are similar in the time for union, shortening was better controlled with traction and angulation with spica casting. The frequency of other complications was also comparable.

Conclusions: Both the methods give acceptable results and given the feasibility of such procedures in developing countries, both may be recommended. However, the choice thus depends on the surgeon treating the patient keeping in mind the drawbacks and limitations of each.
A prospective study of management of distal end of radius fracture in children
Authors: Gohil Pratik , Jain Deepak , Raut Saijyot , Malviya Parimal , Vieira Alfven , Agrawal Tushar
Published: June 2020

Background: Distal end radius (DER) fractures represents one of the common fractures in the paediatric age group. Most of this injury are managed by closed reduction and casting. We investigated the degree to which the clinical and radiographic follow-ups reveal complications that lead to a change in management of the un-manipulated distal radius fractures in children less than 14 years of age. We determined the frequency and type of complications registered during treatment, and assessed the stability of the different fracture types.

Methods: Study includes examination of 30 patients with closed DER fractures who were admitted in tertiary care centre between August 2016 to April 2018.

Results: Closed reduction and casting was modality of treatment in 40%, casting was done in 33.3% and closed reduction and k wire were done in 26.7%. In patients with closed reduction and k wire slab was given. Gartland and Werley’s scoring system was used and found that 60% patients have 0 score, 30% have 1 score, 6.7% have 2 score and 3.3% have 3 score. 29 patients had excellent result and 1 patient had fair result.

Conclusions: In this study of management of DER fracture in children with different modality of treatment, we noted that if it is an undisplaced fracture, can be managed with casting. If it is displaced fracture and reduction is achieved then closed reduction and casting can be done. If displacement is more than 50% of bone diameter then closed reduction and k wire can be done.
Surgical treatment of lumbar canal stenosis with concomitant aggressive vertebral haemangioma
Authors: Kariya Ankur D. , Jain Pramod A. , Patond Kisan R.
Published: June 2020

Vertebral hemangiomas are the most common benign spinal tumours which are asymptomatic, slow-growing benign vascular malformations. They usually involve the vertebral body. However, the involvement of the posterior elements may present with spinal cord compression. Vertebral hemangiomas exist as a continuum of manifestations and lesions ranging from the common asymptomatic forms to rare compressive lesions. Presence of multilevel spinal canal stenosis along with an atypical vertebral hemangioma with cord is a rare condition and represents a treatment challenge. We report a case of spinal canal stenosis at L2 to L4 spinal levels along with an atypical vertebral hemangioma at L3 vertebra with extension to bilateral pedicles. This tumour caused neurological manifestations and was surgically treated with posterior decompression and stabilization with transpedicular screws and rods along with vertebroplasty for the hemangioma. Presence of an atypical hemangioma with co-existing spinal canal stenosis is a rare indication of spinal fusion. Vertebroplasty for the treatment of hemangioma in such cases is imperative.
Comminuted fracture of patella treated by primary Ilizarov external fixation: a case report
Authors: Ponugoti Godhasiri , Mohanlal Shah Harshad , Reddy Sandeep , Kolsur Namratha C.
Published: June 2020

Tension band wiring (TBW) is the conventional procedure for transverse patellar fractures. Comminuted fractures of patella are difficult to treat by TBW. Routine osteosynthesis procedures are prone for infection, implant failure and symptomatic hardware in such cases. We are reporting a case of comminuted patellar fracture in a 62 years old lady treated by Ilizarov external fixator. Patient presented with h/o fall and injury to right knee. There was swelling of the right knee. She was unable to bear weight and move her knee. Radiograph revealed a comminuted patellar fracture. Pre-operative evaluation was done. Ilizarov external fixation was done under spinal anaesthesia with one half ring and 5 trans osseous Ilizarov wires. The patient was allowed full weight bearing. Knee ROM was allowed. The fixator was removed after 4 months and physiotherapy continued. The patient was followed up for 3 years. She has full range of knee movements and is able to squat and sit cross-legged and the radiographs show good union. The Ilizarov external fixator in this case helped us to treat a comminuted fracture without opening of the fracture site and has prevented complications.
Classification and pathophysiology of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Surinder , Gupta Nikita , Gupta Nakul
Published: June 2020

Cutaneous manifestation of in COVID-19 patients are varied and needs proper categorization and classification. Various morphological manifestation on skin are seen. The pathophysiology of this virus is not well understood because of it being a novel virus. This disease involves all organs of the body, primarily the respiratory system, heart, kidneys, liver, spleen and the skin as well. In addition to pneumonia which is a hall mark feature of this virus, multiorgan failure occurs as a result of its cascading pathological pathways. Another fatal feature of this virus is hyperimmune response (because of IL-6), known as, ‘cytokine storm’. The pathophysiological changes in skin leading to different kinds of rashes range from vasculitis changes to formation of microthrombi obliterating the dermal vessels. After reviewing current literature, we have proposed a simplified classification of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 is proposed based on morphological features, relation with severity of disease and histopathological changes. Pathophysiology of cutaneous changes is also being described.
Assessment of anti-ageing effects of oral choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on hair, skin and nails: an open label, non-randomized interventional study
Authors: Chandrashekar B. S. , Shenoy Chaithra , Kheni Dharmesh Kumar , Sureja Varun
Published: June 2020

Background: Ageing is a continuous process and efforts are being made to reverse or rather slow the process. It is evident through changes in the skin, hair and nails. Due to changes in these, aesthetic appearance is compromised. Choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid (ch-OSA®) has shown results in improving skin, hair and nail health. The aim of the present study was to assess these effects in the Indian population taking oral ch-OSA®.

Methods: Randomly selected 39 participants were assigned to 4 groups to study alopecia, hair quality, skin health and nail health. Ch-OSA®was administered for 5 months. Assessment was made at baseline, 2, 3 and 5 months. After this ch-OSA®was stopped and further assessment was made at 8 months.

Results: There was a significant improvement in terms of all the 11 parameters related to alopecia and hair quality from baseline to 8 months (p<0.001). Most of the participants reported grade-1 skin wrinkling at 5 or 8 months. Skin hydration also improved significantly after the ch-OSA® administration. Greater percentage of participants reported of reduced roughness and dyschromia at the end of the study. Nail parameters were also significantly improved. No side-effect was reported by the participants throughout study.

Conclusions: Oral intake of ch-OSA® showed significant beneficial effects on the health of hair, skin and nails with good tolerability.
A clinical study of geriatric dermatoses in Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Anitha S.
Published: June 2020

Background: Geriatric dermatoses are one of the most common reasons for day-to-day consultation in the elderly. Over the past few years, understanding of the pathophysiology of skin changes in the geriatric age group has improved and has paved the way for better therapeutic options. This article reviews the various physiological and pathological changes of aging, dwelling on the role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the pathogenesis of aging skin. To describe the clinical pattern of various dermatological disorders in the elderly.

Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprosy, at Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri. Totally 150 members were included in the study, who are above the age of 60 years. Thorough systemic and dermatological examination done. Investigations like complete blood count, liver function test, renal function test, random blood sugar were done.

Results: Xerosis was seen most commonly in this study in 96 cases (33.2%), followed by wrinkling in 84 cases (29.1%), immunoglobulin heavy in 72 cases (25.0%), senile comedones 25 cases (8.6%), and senile lentigines in 12 case (4.1%). In some of these cases, a combination of the above findings was seen.

Conclusions: In this study, various physiological signs of aging were studied, which is an inescapable process along with the pathological changes. These changes in photoaging were superimposed with intrinsic aging. Although most of the changes studied were harmless to the elderly, few have an adverse impact on the lives, which included chronic actinic dermatitis and conditions such as malignancy.
Evaluation of ustekinumab treatment in psoriasis and the potential effect of metabolic syndrome on treatment response: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Kutlu Ömer , Eksioglu Hatice M.
Published: June 2020

Background: Ustekinumab is a biological agent used in the treatment of psoriasis. This study evaluated the treatment response of psoriasis patients who received ustekinumab.

Methods: The study included nine patients with plaque-type psoriasis who received ustekinumab treatment. Clinical response of all patients was evaluated with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), dermatology life quality index (DLQI), and psoriasis disability index (PDI) at 0, 4, 16 and 28 weeks. The patients were also evaluated for metabolic syndrome and its effect on treatment response.

Results: A total of five male and four female patients with psoriasis vulgaris were included in the study. At the end of 28th weeks, 55% of the patients reached PASI 75 score. The mean PASI scores of the patients at weeks 0, 4, 16, 26 and 28 were 36.98±12.28, 8.86±9.06, 9.52±11.55, 3.55±3.61 and 6.98±6.40, respectively. Although not statistically significant, at the 28th weeks, the mean PASI, DLQI and PDI values of the patients with metabolic syndrome were higher than those without metabolic syndrome (p=0.505, p=0.314, p=0.786, respectively).

Conclusions: Ustekinumab is an effective treatment option for patients with psoriasis who resistant to conventional and biological treatments. In resistant cases to the ustekinumab, the routine treatment interval should be reduced. Psoriasis patients with accompanying metabolic syndrome may have a lower response rate than those without metabolic syndrome to biological agents.
Therapeutic vanish in pyogenic granuloma: a case series
Authors: Ravishankar Deepthi , Kusagur Mamatha S.
Published: June 2020

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common benign vascular tumour which affect both skin and mucous membranes, occurring commonly on the face, oral mucosa, or a site of previous injury in all ages. Though some PGs resolve spontaneously, most requires treatment to prevent bleeding, ulceration, and scarring. We presented a case report of 4 patients who developed PG on index finger, forehead and nose. Our findings demonstrated the use of sclerotherapy using 3% sodium tetradecyl sulphate which is a safe and economical therapy for adult patients.
Dermatological manifestations in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Bose Roby
Published: June 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the common endocrine disorder, which affects all ages and socioeconomic groups. The prolonged hyperglycemia may responsible for the diabetic complications. Multiple factors contribute to the onset of cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed tostudy the pattern of various cutaneous manifestations associated with diabetes mellitus.

The present study was conducted at Dermatology, Diabetic Clinic of a teaching tertiary care centre hospital. A total of 120 subjects were included in this study. Patients were selected on the basis of dermatological signs and/or symptoms. Detailed history and clinical examination with special emphasis on dermatological complaints and signs was done for all the study subjects. Under aseptic conditions, blood samples were collected and used for the estimation of blood glucose, bacterial infections-Gram stain and isolation of organism by culture, fungal infections- KOH (potassium hydroxide) mount, Gram stain (for Candida) and isolation of organism by culture. Skin biopsies were performed wherever necessary.

In the present study, 120 subjects were included from both genders. Pruritus was the predominant symptom observed. Acrochordons, Candidial Balanoposthitis, Tinea Corporis were observed in highest number of patients. Infective dermatoses were observed in 72 (60%) patients. The non-infective dermatoses was reported in 56 (46.7%) patients. On bacterial culture, Pyogenic Ulcer was observed in 4. KOH test and culture were carried on 14 candidal infections and 17 dermatophyte infection and observed KOH mount positive were observed in 11 cases and culture positive was observed in 8 cases.

In the present study results indicates pruritus was the most common symptom in diabetic subjects. Infective dermatoses were more common than the non-infective dermatoses. Tinea corporis/cruris was most common clinical entity. 21.6% patients suffered from cutaneous bacterial infections, the most frequently encountered clinical entity being furunculosis. Staphylococcus aureus The commonest non-infective clinical entity was acrochordons(skin tags). Patients with diabetes may develop cutaneous manifestations of diabetic complications. Careful dermatological examination and follow-up of diabetes mellitus patients is required to provide them adequate skin management.
NEW INFORMATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION, BREEDING AND CONSERVATION OF DOUBLE-BANDED GREYTAIL Xenerpestes minlosi (FURNARIIDAE) IN ECUADOR
Authors: Solano-Ugalde Alejandro , Navarrete Lelis , Freile Juan
Published: June 2020

Existen pocos registros del Colagrís Alibandeado Xenerpestes minlosi en Ecuador, la mayoría en la provincia de Pichincha. En esta nota presentamos nuevos registros de distribución y los primeros datos de reproducción en Ecuador. La especie no se considera globalmente amenazada, pero la elevada tasa actual de pérdida de bosques en su pequeño rango de distribución sugiere que su estado de conservación, al menos en Ecuador, es más crítico de lo que se considera.
THE NEST, EGGS, AND NESTLING OF COOPMANS"™S ELAENIA Elaenia brachyptera (TYRANNIDAE)
Authors: Greeney Harold Francis , Sheldon Kimberly S.
Published: June 2020

We provide the first descriptions of the nest, eggs, and nestling of Coopmans"™s Elaenia Elaenia brachyptera  from the foothills of northeastern Ecuador. We describe 7 active nests, 10 eggs, and 1 mid-aged nestling. Nests are open cups, woven of flexible, pale fibers and rootlets, externally decorated with various loosely-arranged materials. They are placed in small saplings within flat, rocky, river floodplains. Nest placement and architecture make nests difficult to distinguish from naturally accumulated materials left behind by periodic flooding. Clutch size ranged from 1-2 eggs and we estimate incubation to last 15-16 days. Eggs are typical of the genus, buffy to creamy white with small cinnamon and lavender spots and blotches concentrated at the larger end. We also provide a comprehensive review of published literature on the nests, eggs, and breeding ecology for the genus Elaenia, including studies on 30 of the 46 currently recognized taxa.
FOURTH REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE FOR ECUADORIAN RECORDS IN ORNITHOLOGY (CERO) AND A REVISION OF UNDOCUMENTED AND ERRONEOUS RECORDS IN LITERATURE
Authors: Freile Juan , Solano-Ugalde Alejandro , Brinkhuizen Dusan , Greenfield Paul , Lysinger Mitch , Nilsson Jonas , Navarrete Lelis , Ridgely Robert
Published: June 2020

We present new distributional records of birds in Ecuador submitted to the Committee for Ecuadorian Records in Ornithology (CERO) from September 2015 through July 2017. This report includes four species new to Ecuador (Plegadis ridgwayi, Cathartes burrovianus, Malacoptila mystacalis, Vireo gilvus), two species new to Galapagos (Calidris pugnax, Larosterna inca), five species with first documented country records (Fregata minor, Syrigma sibilatrix, Calidris pugnax, Larus belcheri, Sternula antillarum), remarkable range extensions for eight species (Anas bahamensis, Fregata sp., Jabiru mycteria, Phimosus infuscatus, Caracara cheriway, Larus dominicanus, Chloroceryle aenea, Sturnella militaris), new records of eight rare species (Anhima cornuta, Mustelirallus albicollis, Larus argentatus, Larosterna inca, Myrmoborus lugubris, Machetornis rixosa, Progne elegans, Conirostrum bicolor) and new records of Nothoprocta curvirostris and Tyrannus tyrannus. We present the first Ecuadorian records of three subspecies (Tolmomyias sulphurescens insignis, Myiarchus swainsoni phaenotus, Oxyura jamaicensis andina, although the taxonomic validity of the latter is debated). Further we discuss the subspecific identity of Petrochelidon pyrrhonota in Ecuador. Finally, we invalidate previous records of 43 species for mainland Ecuador and 6 species for Galapagos, as published in different sources, and reject a remotesensing record of Cypseloides niger. CERO revises and updates the country bird list, which currently stands at 1690 species (1632 confirmed and documented; 58 undocumented).
FIRST DESCRIPTION OF THE NEST AND NESTLING OF WHITE-BANDED TYRANNULET Mecocerculus stictopterus (TYRANNIDAE)
Authors: Greeney Harold Francis , Gelis Rudolphe A.
Published: June 2020

We provide the first descriptions of the nest and nestlings of White-banded Tyrannulet Mecocerculus stictopterus, only the second nest description for this genus of small Andean flycatchers (Tyrannidae). We found a single nest with newly hatched nestlings in early November, near Papallacta, northeastern Ecuador. The nest was an open cup composed of lichens and mosses, bound together with spider webs and saddled over a small branch. The natal down of the nestlings was bicolored, creating a camouflaging, sun-dappled effect.
THE NEST, EGG, AND NESTLING OF MANY-STRIPED CANASTERO Asthenes f. flammulata (FURNARIIDAE)
Authors: Greeney Harold Francis
Published: June 2020

The genus Asthenes includes around 27-30 species of slender, long-tailed furnariids, predominantly montane in distribution. During fieldwork in the high Andes of northeastern Ecuador, I discovered four nests of Many-striped Canastero A. flammulata flammulata. All nests were mossy, nearly spherical balls, with a centrally placed side entrance, and with the entire inner chamber lined with a thick layer of seed down and fur. All were built into natural cavities formed by densely tangled vegetation, on or very near the ground. Two clutches consisted of two eggs each. Eggs were immaculate white, oval to short-oval in shape. Nestlings had orange to pinkish skin at hatch, with sparse gray down plumes on all dorsal feather tracts. Their bills were dull orange with bright yellow rictal flanges, and their mouth linings were bright orange-yellow. In general form, the nests and eggs described here are similar to other members of the genus. A thorough review of the literature, however, indicates than half of the currently-recognized Asthenes species have yet to have their nests described. Among these, three species of global conservation concern.
La epidemia de cesáreas como limitante del parto humanizado
Authors: Hernández-Espinosa Cristian Javier
Published: June 2020

El parto es el proceso fisiológico mediante el cual una mujer expulsa al feto, las membranas corioamnióticas y la placenta al final de la gestación. En 1996, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) definió el parto normal como aquel que tiene un comienzo espontáneo y sin complicaciones, que cursó con un embarazo de bajo riesgo, con un niño que nace en posición cefálica entre las 37 a 42 semanas de edad gestacional, y que después de dar a luz tanto la madre como el hijo se encuentran en buenas condiciones generales1. Anualmente, ocurren más de 140 millones de nacimientos en el mundo, la mayoría sin complicaciones materno-fetales2, pero con sólo un pequeño porcentaje dentro del contexto de la normalidad, debido a la amplia gama de intervenciones que pueden realizarse durante el trabajo de parto.
Muerte materna incidental en un accidente por relámpago: Reporte de caso
Authors: Jiménez-López Román , Martínez-Velasco Indalecio Gustavo , Rosas-Díaz José Antonio , Neylin Neylin , Cruz-River Andrés
Published: June 2020

Los relámpagos se presentan con una frecuencia mayor a 50 veces por segundo a nivel mundial; sin embargo, las descargas directas suceden rara vez y son responsables del 5% de los eventos fatales. El mecanismo de lesión inicial es la parálisis de los centros vitales, lo que ocasiona apnea, fibrilación auricular o paro cardíaco. En mujeres embarazadas, el accidente por rayo puede producir complicaciones graves, dependiendo del punto de entrada en el cuerpo y su efecto indirecto sobre el feto, produciendo trastornos de la conducción en el sistema cardíaco y daño a nivel del sistema nervioso central. En la literatura mundial, solo catorce casos de embarazo y traumatismo por relámpago han sido reportados, sobreviviendo en todos la madre, con un único reporte de muerte fetal. Se presenta un caso de accidente por relámpago en una mujer embarazada en la semana 23 de gestación, cuyo tipo de lesión fue por contacto directo en el abdomen, y quien ingresó con compromiso neurológico, taquicardia materna y bradicardia fetal. El deceso materno ocurrió por infarto agudo extenso del miocardio y la formación de un émbolo intracavitario en el ventrículo izquierdo, con la consecuente muerte del binomio. Se describe su frecuencia, el mecanismo de lesión, las manifestaciones clínicas y el manejo actual. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(1):21-6
Lesión de Dieulafoy en estómago como causa de sangrado gastrointestinal alto: presentación de un caso
Authors: Sierra-Avendaño Jairo Alonso , Mejía-Casadiegos Fabián Andrés , Pérez-Barón María Paula , Pérez-García Gabriel Eduardo
Published: June 2020

La lesión de Dieulafoy representa aproximadamente el 2% de todos los casos de hemorragia gastrointestinal superior. En la mayoría de casos esta anomalía se ubica en el estómago, principalmente en la curvatura menor. Se presenta el caso de un adulto joven con hematemesis y signos de hipovolemia. Durante la esofagogastroduodenoscopia se evidenció un coágulo adherido en el cuerpo gástrico a nivel de la curvatura mayor, sugestivo de lesión de Dieulafoy. Inicialmente se realizó manejo médico sin mejoría significativa, por lo que se realizó laparotomía exploratoria con resección de la malformación vascular, finalmente con el informe histopatológico se confirmó el diagnóstico. A pesar de ser una causa infrecuente de hemorragia gastrointestinal superior, la lesión de Dieulafoy debe considerarse entre los diagnósticos diferenciales, especialmente si la hemorragia persiste aún con manejo médico. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(1):27-31
El ejercicio médico en el mundo: de la legislación a la práctica
Authors: Parra-Ardila Jorge Iván , Vera-Osorio Daniel Felipe
Published: June 2020

La violencia contra los médicos es un fenómeno que se ha desarrollado de manera progresiva con el paso de los años. Esta problemática ha desencadenado una serie de escenarios en los cuales los pacientes se han familiarizado con la idea de tener un trato inapropiado con los profesionales en este campo al momento de llevar a cabo su trabajo. Debido a esto, se cuestiona si el sistema sanitario, diseñado para asegurar que todas las personas cuenten con una calidad de vida óptima, debería tener ciertos parámetros que se basen tanto en quienes requieren de estos servicios como aquellos que los prestan, para que las relaciones médico paciente se fundamenten en el respeto y, que, de no ser así, exista una protección efectiva a los derechos que sean violados.
Prevalencia de desórdenes gastrointestinales funcionales y hábito intestinal en lactantes menores de 12 meses internados en el Hospital Infantil Baca Ortíz de Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Játiva-Mariño Edgar , Játiva-Cabezas Zahira , Velasco-Benítez Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2020

Introducción: la prevalencia de desórdenes gastrointestinales funcionales en niños menores ecuatorianos se desconoce y no hay una prueba estándar para evaluar la consistencia de las heces. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de desórdenes gastrointestinales funcionales en lactantes menores a 12 meses e identificar el hábito intestinal. Metodología: estudio de prevalencia en lactantes internados del Hospital Infantil Baca Ortíz de Quito, Ecuador, a quienes se les diagnosticó diarrea funcional, cólico, estreñimiento funcional, disquecia, regurgitación, síndrome de vómito cíclico y rumiación. Fueron incluidas variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y preguntas sobre hábitos intestinales, basados en el Cuestionario para Síntomas Digestivos Pediátricos Roma III traducido y validado en español. Se hizo análisis uni y multivariados y el cálculo de los ORs, siendo una p<0,05 significativa. Resultados: fueron incluidos 147 lactantes, de 6,8±3,3 meses de edad, 50,3% niñas. La principal causa de hospitalización fue del sistema respiratorio. Se reportó 36,0% con algún desorden gastrointestinal funcional: cólico (12,2%), estreñimiento funcional (9,5%), disquecia (8,0%) y regurgitación (7,5%). No hubo factores de riesgo asociados. Se reportaron heces duras en 4,1% y 7,4% por Criterios de Roma III y Escala de Bristol, respectivamente. Hubo concordancia aceptable (kappa=0,3989, p=0,0221) entre el reporte de los padres por los Criterios de Roma III y la Escala de Bristol. Conclusión: un tercio de estos niños presentó algún desorden gastrointestinal funcional, siendo los más frecuentes: estreñimiento funcional, regurgitación, cólico y disquecia; sin posibles factores de riesgo; identificándose una concordancia aceptable entre lo reportado por los padres según los Criterios de Roma III y la Escala de Bristol. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(2):13-21
Neurosífilis meningovascular como causa de accidente cerebrovascular en paciente joven: reporte de caso
Authors: Ocampo-Chaparro José Mauricio , César Augusto César Augusto , Álvarez-Payares Jorge Eliecer , Muñoz-Lombo Jenny Patricia
Published: June 2020

El accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes es un evento raro presente en menos del 5% de los casos a nivel mundial, representando un reto diagnóstico debido a las múltiples etiologías posibles, entre ellas las infecciones. Del 15% al 40% de los pacientes con sífilis no tratada pueden desarrollar sífilis terciaria con manifestaciones principalmente neurodestructivas, descritas en la sífilis tardía pero con meningitis crónica y accidente cerebrovascular de tipo meningovascular en su fase temprana. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 40 años con antecedente de cambios de comportamiento, alucinaciones auditivas e insomnio, quien consulta a urgencias por presentar hemiplejia derecha, afasia motora, lesiones palmo-plantares y roseta en glande asociada a adenopatías inguinales. Dados los hallazgos imagenológicos y de líquido cefalorraquídeo se estableció diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico de circulación cerebral anterior izquierda secundario a neurosífilis meningovascular, con confirmación de inmunosupresión por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(2):53-8
Atividades Didáticas Experimentais em Eletrônica de Potência: Convergindo Conhecimentos e Tecnologias
Authors: Pomilio José Antenor
Published: June 2020

O artigo apresenta algumas das atividades da disciplina Eletrônica de Potência da Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Simulações computacionais, muito utilizadas no curso, são ferramenta poderosa para a análise de circuitos desde que tenham forte correlação com resultados experimentais. A parte experimental do curso propõe aplicações, abrangendo os conversores básicos: CA-CC, CA-CA, CC-CC e CC-CA. Juntamente com a análise de topologias, são exploradas aplicações típicas: controle de velocidade de motores CC e CA, controle de temperatura, UPS, etc. Tal contexto implica uma estreita colaboração com outras disciplinas: controle, eletrônica analógica, máquinas elétricas, etc. A título de exemplo, alguns dos experimentos são discutidos para ilustrar os aspectos básicos do curso, integrando simulação a circuitos práticos e aplicações.