bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sickle hemoglobin polymerization and antisickling medicinal plants
Authors: Ohiagu Franklyn O. , Chikezie Paul C. , Chikezie Chinwendu M.
Published: March 2021

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a dilapidating disorder that is associated with organ destruction and decreased life expectancy. Therapeutic remedies that lead to fundamental cure of SCD such as, bone marrow and stem cell transplantations, as well as gene replacement therapy, are very costly and unaffordable to the disease sufferers in developing countries. In regions where these therapeutic approaches are possible, there are also limitations such as immunologic transplant rejection, difficulty in prognosis, difficulty in obtaining a suitable donor, end-organ dysfunction, and adverse health effects, especially among the older sufferers of this disease. The eagerness of researchers to develop new drugs for the amelioration of the crisis associated with SCD and a possible cure of the disease has led to the discovery of biomolecular agents that inhibit the mechanisms of HbS polymerization as well as medicinal plants with antisickling potentials. The antisickling potency of medicinal plants should be harnessed through research funding and efforts geared towards the discovery of molecules in such plants with HbS polymerization inhibitory effects.
PERANCANGAN INFOGRAFIK ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI UNTUK PEKERJA KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN
Authors: Ghaidar Muhammad Afif , Kharishma Vidya , Andriana Yunita Fitra
Published: March 2021

Angka kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia masih tinggi dan setiap tahun jumlah kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia bertambah khususnya pada sektor konstruksi. Berdasarkan data Badan penyelenggara jaminan sosial (BPJS) di sektor konstruksi, selalu bertengger di angka 32 persen bersaing ketat dengan industri manufaktur yang juga selalu bertengger di kisaran angka 31 persen. Penyebab terjadi kecelakaan kerja adalah masih rendahnya tingkat kesadaran akan pentingnya penerapan K3 di Kalangan Industri dan masyarakat khususnya di lapangan kerja. Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran para pekerja konstruksi bangunan akan K3, khususnya kesadaran dalam mengenakan alat pelindung diri. Media yang digunakan adalah infografik, hal ini dikarenakan infografik adalah metode penyampaian informasi yang mengolah informasi yang rumit menjadi informasi visual yang menarik dan mudah dipahami dengan lebih mudah dan cepat. Hasil dari perancangan ini adalah beberapa alternatif desain infografis dalam media spanduk berisi keterangan kelengkapan alat pelindung diri yang wajib dikenakan oleh para pekerja konstruksi bangunan.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PENINJAU LOKASI “FINDM” UNTUK MEMBANTU PENGAWASAN TERHADAP ANAK
Authors: Yaqin Ainul , Anwar Tegar , Permana Silvester Dian Handy
Published: March 2021

Tindakan kriminalitas seperti penculikan kian hari semakin meningkat khususnya di kota-kota besar. Dari banyaknya kasus penculikan yang ada, kejadian lebih sering menimpa anak-anak. Sayangnya, kesibukan para orangtua untuk menghidupi keluarganya menjadi salah satu penyebab longgarnya pengawasan orangtua terhadap anak-anak mereka, terlebih lagi anak-anak sering kali berbohong untuk mendapatkan izin dari orangtuanya pergi ke suatu tempat. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan suatu alat bantu untuk memantau anak dengan konteks kesibukan orang tua yang luar biasa tinggi. Hasil dari penelitian ini merupakan suatu aplikasi yang dapat melacak keberadaan anak secara realtime. Aplikasi ini dibuat menggunakan android studio dengan memanfaatkan location base dan Google Map sebagai peta dan landmark untuk menandai posisi keberadaan anak. Aplikasi ini diinstal dalam handphone anak dan orang tua sehingga orang tua dapat melacak keberadaan anak secara langsung.
Diasporic Postcolonialism and Its Antinomies
Authors: Giri Bed Prasad
Published: March 2021

This essay calls into question a certain viewpoint that has become widespread in postcolonial cultural theory with respect to the representation of phenomena grouped loosely under the rubric of diaspora. The viewpoint in question can be called “diasporism,” referring to a pro-diaspora sensibility that has been and is being articulated in various disciplinary enclaves for at least the last two decades— principally in Jewish cultural studies but also in Black British, Asian American, and postcolonial cultural studies. Disillusioned by the Zionist dismissal of the legitimacy of diaspora as a “normal”— indeed, a desirable—form of existence, some Jewish cultural theorists have sought to articulate an affirmative view of diasporic culture, emphasizing its power to provide a fitting alternative to territorialized notions of Jewish identity (e.g., Boyarin and Boyarin; Omer, “Palestine,” 147). To these critics, it remains a matter of pride that Judaism, along with most of modern Jewish culture, was itself fashioned in the diaspora; hence any charges that Jewish life in the galut (exile) is uncreative or inferior to life in the state of Israel are unsustainable. A good example of this diasporist outlook can be found in Philip Roth’s 1993 novel Operation Shylock, whose main character, also named Philip Roth, preaches “diasporism” as a happier alternative to living in the war-torn State of Israel. George Steiner’s widely discussed essay, “Our Homeland, The Text” similarly proclaims a diasporist sensibility, seeking to locate the Jewish homeland not in the enclosed territory of a nation-state but in the deterritorialized idioms of rabbinic spiritual and discursive traditions. There are, of course, many more such sources.
Feeding Secularism: Consuming Halal among the Malays in London
Authors: Fischer Johan
Published: March 2021

In November 2005, the Halal Exhibition at the major World Food Market (WFM) in London was held for the first time. WFM also included an Ethnic Specialty Food Exhibition, as well as a Kosher Exhibition. In 2006, a delegation from the Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation (MATRADE)1 had a booth at the Halal Exhibition. As we shall see, Malaysia holds a special position in the global halalmarket. In 2004 Malaysia launched its first Malaysia International Halal Showcase (MIHAS) in the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. The Malaysian prime minister, Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi, argued in his opening speech that establishing Malaysia as a “global halal hub” was a major priority of the government, and that MIHAS was the largest halal“trade expo” to be held anywhere in the world.
Moving Partitions Past: Aamir Mufti’s Enlightenment in the Colony
Authors: Boyarin Jonathan
Published: March 2021

I begin with an apology. It is reasonable to expect a reviewer to fulfill at least two requirements with respect to the work under review. First, he should have some independent knowledge of the topic. Second, he should be capable of some critical distance from it. I fear that this text may instead read more like a student précis: a rather unimaginative, if fairly accurate, summary of a book’s contents, including a number of direct quotes that might seem overlong, were they not at once so trenchant, so important, and so nearly unprecedented. All this because, on the one hand, virtually all I know of the cultural dynamics of the Partition of India is what I learned in this volume, while on the other hand, its author has given us a book that instantiates what I take to be my own, careerlong project, at least in its broadest formulation: namely, to examine […] the possibilities of affiliation between two seemingly distinct intellectual trajectories within contemporary culture—on one side, the critique of colonial and postcolonial culture as a global formation, a critique that is at least a century old in its modern form but has been given a new shape and new turn in the last quarter-century, and, on the other, the critique of European modernity from the perspective of the question of Jewish existence, inextricable at this point from the history of philosophy, theory, and criticism in the twentieth century. (Mufti 245–6)
Going with the Flow? Reflections on Recent Chinese Diaspora Studies
Authors: Parker David
Published: March 2021

Anyone writing about Chinese migration in Britain does so under the shadow of death. The murder of two Chinese students in Newcastle in August 2008 was the latest in a line of misfortunes to propel Britain’s Chinese population to the front pages of national newspapers. In 2000 fifty-eight Chinese people were discovered suffocated to death in the back of a van opened at Dover customs port. Four years later the drowning of twenty-three Chinese cockle pickers off the northwest English coast at Morecambe Bay further highlighted the dangers endured by vulnerable Chinese migrants.
Immigration, Integration, and Anxiety in Germany
Authors: Ostow Robin
Published: March 2021

These volumes represent the cumulative findings of two American scholars who have visited, resided in, and conducted research in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) at regular intervals since the 1980s. Although some chapters of both books are updated versions of articles originally published up to twenty years ago, in their current configuration they offer a longitudinal analysis of more than fifty years of immigration to a state that, until 2005, stubbornly insisted that it was a non-immigration country. Joyce Marie Mushaben and Ruth Mandel approach the issues around immigration and minority integration in Germany through the lenses of their respective disciplines— political science and cultural anthropology—but they share many central concerns and viewpoints. Both focus on the Turkish guest-workers and their families and descendents, analyzing the politics and culture surrounding their arrival and eventual settlement in Germany in the context of the larger waves of flight, resettlement, and labor recruitment that have brought 20 million newcomers to stay on in Germany since the end of World War II. They present Germany’s Turkish population of nearly 2 million as victims of the FRG’s arcane politics of immigration and citizenship. And they describe how, over three generations, in the face of inadequate German policies to integrate them, these guest-workers have begun to integrate themselves, in the process changing their own political culture as well as that of the larger society around them. Both books point to the very different and changing conditions that have shaped the trajectories in the FRG of expellees, co-ethnic resettlers, late resettlers, guest-workers, refugees, and quota refugees, among others. Both scholars underscore the lack of articulation between federal and more local, community-based incorporation policies, which has complicated the processes of settling in for many of Germany’s immigrant groups.
On Cultural Creativity in the Ethiopian Diaspora
Authors: Levine Donald N.
Published: March 2021

This brief introduction to the essays in this volume offers commentary on the conference that generated them while expanding on its central theme, “creative incorporation,” drawn from the author’s 1974 book, Greater Ethiopia. The essay provides a provisional semantic matrix that defines four types of creativity: in problem-solving; in finding new ways to combine existing elements; to provide for spontaneous expression of energies; and to invent novel forms. The conclusion suggests that all of these processes occur among Ethiopians in diaspora, where they are inflected by the intensity that Ethiopians manifest in their attitude toward their homeland. (14 January 2009)
Transnational Politics in Ethiopia: Diasporas and the 2005 Elections
Authors: Lyons Terrence
Published: March 2021

Beginning with a discussion of new political processes in transnational social networks, this essay presents Ethiopians in North America as a conflict-generated transnational diaspora closely involved in homeland politics. The essay surveys a range of key diaspora political organizations and media, detailing their involvement in the dramatic political events surrounding the Ethiopian election in 2005. The critical and creative roles that the Ethiopian diaspora played—in framing political events and as a gatekeeper for opposition strategies—provided essential support for the homeland’s opposition parties both during and after the election. (6 March 2009)
Creating Sacred Space: Orthodox Churches of the Ethiopian American Diaspora
Authors: Heldman Marilyn E.
Published: March 2021

This essay examines the creation of places of worship by Ethiopian Orthodox congregations in North America, focusing primarily on the District of Columbia and adjacent areas in the states of Maryland and Virginia. Following a discussion of the historical background and development of church architecture in Ethiopia, the essay demonstrates that the shaping of the interior space of Ethiopian Orthodox churches in North America follows a modern model developed in Addis Ababa during the early 1960s. The study concludes with a brief analysis of painted decoration, a necessary component of the sacred space of an Ethiopian Orthodox church. (3 February 2009)
Amharic Poetry of the Ethiopian Diaspora in America: A Sampler
Authors: Haile Getatchew
Published: March 2021

This essay offers the first English-language translations of Amharic poetry written by Ethiopian immigrants to the United States. Following an introduction to the Amharic language and the central place of poetry in Ethiopian literature and cultural life, the author discusses the work of four poets. The poems of Tewodros Abebe, Amha Asfaw, Alemayehu Gebrehiwot, and Alemtsehay Wedajo make creative use of Ethiopian verbal constructions reminiscent of traditional war songs and verbal interrogations used in legal contexts. Many of the poems speak eloquently of the personal losses Ethiopians have suffered as a result of their departure from their homeland. The essay includes biographical and ethnographic details about the individual poets and various influences on their compositions. (April 2009)
A Response: Doro Fänta: Creativity vs. Adaptation in the Ethiopian Diaspora
Authors: McCann James C.
Published: March 2021

Invoking the common dish doro fänta (“substitute chicken stew”), served without either its traditional chicken or hard-boiled egg, as a metaphor for cultural and economic change since the Ethiopian revolution began, this short response to the volume’s essays queries whether doro fänta is a metaphor for expressive invention or an adaptation of structure without substance. Following comments on a number of the essays appearing in this volume, the discussion suggests that their subject matter is more complex than the Ethiopian homeland study to which the notion of creative incorporation was originally applied. The paper ends with a brief case study of Ethiopian cooking and cuisine as aesthetic knowledge of identity and as a domain in which market forces have encouraged deviations from historical structures of taste, meaning, and processing of food. (8 February 2009)
Reclaiming Diaspora: The Israeli State, Migration, and Ethnonationalism in the Global Era
Authors: Yonah Yossi
Published: March 2021

This article offers an analysis of Israel’s migration policies toward Soviet Jews and argues, based on patterns it reveals, that “the compression of relations of time and space” characterizing the global era do not necessarily render the nation-state weaker, let alone idle or irrelevant. It discusses Israel’s attempts to construct these potential Jewish migrants, while they were still in the Soviet Union, as its conationals, and to facilitate their arrival in Israel. Israel’s migration policies and practices vis-à-vis this particular population provide a case study of the nexus connecting the nation-state, globalization, diaspora, migration, and ethnic belonging. The article shows that while during the 1970s and 1980s the patterns of Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union were less rigid and considerably defied the wishes of the Jewish nation-state, from the end of the 1980s through the 1990s, at a time of accelerating globalization, the patterns of Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union heeded the dictates of the nation-state more rigidly. The changing patterns of emigration from the USSR and immigration to Israel provide a compelling case showing that the nation-state may exert more power under global conditions than it was supposed to exert before the ascendance of hyper-globalization that is alleged to dominate the world today. This article contributes to accumulating research on “the state of the state” under global conditions, and argues that the state does not necessarily become weaker in this era—as many contend—but may even grow stronger, at least with respect to some important affairs within its sphere of governance.
The Tangled Business of Diaspora-Making
Authors: Butler Kim D.
Published: March 2021

Since the inception of the field of African diaspora studies, its scholars have called attention to the many routes of travel and communication that constitute the strands from which the whole is woven. It has necessarily been a work of empirical recovery of far-flung histories that the archive captures only peripherally and, though there has been much focus on interactions between the African continent and its diasporas, relationships between diaspora communities abroad have also been the subject of vigorous scholarship. For a diaspora that shared no common homeland aside from a vast continent, and no common religion or language, the process of creating bonds of identity, affinity, and political solidarity within its inherent diversity has long been of major interest. In one of her last essays, pioneer diaspora scholar Ruth Sims Hamilton called for a focus on “the ‘crosspoints,’ ‘active sites,’ and contradictions . . . that not only facilitate the emergence and development of a collective ‘we’ but also effectuate major dynamics within and among people of the diaspora” (Hamilton 2007, 8).
The Literature of the Indian Diaspora: Between Theory and Archive
Authors: Giri Bed Prasad
Published: March 2021

The literature of the Indian diaspora constitutes an important part of the burgeoning field of anglophone postcolonial literature. Some of the better-known authors in this archive include V.S. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie, Rohinton Mistry, Bharati Mukherjee, Amitav Ghosh, Jhumpa Lahiri, Anita Desai, M.G. Vassanji, Shyam Selvadurai, and Kiran Desai. The growing international visibility of these authors has gone hand in hand with the popularity of postcolonial criticism and theory in academe. Vijay Mishra’s scholarly work on Bollywood cinema, Indian devotional poetry, Indian diasporic literature, and postcolonial theory and criticism has contributed greatly to our understanding of this important area of writing.
The Role of Immigration in the Designing of the American Nation
Authors: Wong Carolyn
Published: March 2021

In this comprehensive history of US immigration policy, Aristide Zolberg demonstrates how American political leaders have long devised immigration laws for the purpose of nation-building. Conceiving of inmigration as a social process by which they could fashion the future composition of the populace, policy elites battled over competing notions of what kind of immigration was desirable for economic growth and the attainment of political goals. In Zolberg’s account, political economic interests and identity politics shaped the policy stances of these actors, but the weight of national traditions and the conservative bias of political institutions continually constrained the forces pressing for policy change. Zolberg sets out to disentangle these many and varied factors affecting policy decisions and effects, with the aim of constructing a coherent account of how immigration policy and nation-building were intertwined.
Between Ashkenaz and Québécois: Fifty Years of Francophone Sephardim in Montréal
Authors: Miles William F.S.
Published: March 2021

As a result of its historical cleavage on the basis of language (English and French) and the continuing importance of a majoritarian Francophone province (Québec), Canada is proactive about protecting communal identity. This double context of a proactive Canadian commitment to identity and Québécois commitment to Francophonie inadvertently encourages the preservation of ethnolinguistic distinctions within the Jewish community. Diasporic Jewish experience in Canada is thus intrinsically different from what prevails in the United States, particularly as it relates to Francophone Jewry. In Montréal, the religious ideal of klal Yisrael—unity of the Jewish people— is significantly tempered by the bilingual host environment. Canadian multiculturalism serves as a buffer for the ethnic identity of Jews from North Africa, while Montréal bilingualism encourages Frenchspeaking Jews to preserve their identity as Francophones. Ideal notions thus operate in contradiction with social fact: the ethnoreligious ideal of a single Jewish people transcending all sub-group divergences versus the lived reality that Ashkenazim and Sephardim are distanced by divergent histories, traits, languages, and rites. This surrounding national (and, in Québec, sub-national) context fosters— indeed, encourages—the preservation of ethnolinguistic distinctions within the Jewish community. In this way, the Québec Jewish experience differs substantially from both Israel (where language is no longer a significant differentiator between Ashkenazim and Sephardim) and the United States. These conclusions remain salient fifty years after the Sephardic community first began its collective emigration to Québec.
Diasporic Identity, Transnational Agency, and the Neoliberal Reconfiguration of Global Migration
Authors: Lacroix Thomas
Published: March 2021

This book is the latest step in the long-standing dialogue between two academic fields: transnational studies and diaspora studies. These share a common initial intent: the will to place migrants’ experience at the core of migration studies, rather than on the integration of migrants into the new host society or the development of origin societies. However, the two endeavors also differ. Scholars of diaspora have focused on the processes through which migrants maintain a shared identity despite their dispersion and its consequences for integration and state politics. In contrast, transnationalists focus on micro-level practices and networks forged by migrants across state borders without necessarily presuming a shared sense of belonging. Recently, the two fields of study have followed converging paths. Works on diasporas have increasingly incorporated micro-level activities in their analysis while, conversely, research on transnationalism has paid growing attention to the importance of macro-level dynamics and actors such as states. In 1999, Robin Cohen and Steven Vertovec’s book and in particular their landmark “Introduction” heralded this convergence. Since then, diasporic groups are commonly perceived as a specific category of transnational formation. Admittedly, diasporas differ from other transnational communities, owing to an enduring group consciousness forged through cross-borders ties and practices. Although Diaspora and Transnationalism endorses this view, it also reveals new perspectives on the scholarship not only in the two related fields, but others as well. Indeed, since the early 2000s, the concepts of diaspora and (to a lesser extent) transnationalism have permeated the vocabulary of policy makers. The growing number of diasporic policies formulated by states and intended to attract the economic favor of their expatriate groups has led some academics to revisit common assumptions and theories about the making of transnational and diaspora groups. In consequence, new theoretical stances have emerged. Diaspora and Transnationalism reflects the current re-composition of the academic debate.
Introduction: Islands and Identities
Authors: Cohen Robin , Sheringham Olivia
Published: March 2021

This special issue comprises a selection of articles given at the conference “Islands and Identities: Creolization and Diaspora in Comparative Perspective” held at the University of Oxford, 6-7 December 2012. We convened the conference to advance our project entitled “Diaspora and Creolization: Diverging, Converging,” part of the Oxford Diasporas Programme funded by the Leverhulme Trust (see Acknowledgments below). The event involved the participation of international scholars from the islands of Reunion, Mauritius, and Guadeloupe, as well as from South Africa, the United States, and Europe. With pre-circulated papers leaving ample time for discussion, the event provided an ideal forum for the stimulating exchange of knowledge and ideas on the themes of islands, identities, creolization, and diaspora. The papers and conference discussion have allowed us to distil key themes addressed in this special issue, including the extent to which islands represent particularly salient spaces for the emergence of creolized and/or diasporic identities as well as some of the social, cultural and spatial factors that give rise to various forms of identity construction and expression, notably creolization and diaspora.
The Salience of Islands in the Articulation of Creolization and Diaspora
Authors: Cohen Robin , Sheringham Olivia
Published: March 2021

In this article, we consider whether there is something about the spatiality of islands which makes them particularly fertile spaces for the emergence of creolized and/or diasporic identities. Drawing on the insights of social geographers, we argue that as well as considering temporal dimensions of creolization and diaspora it could also be fruitful to consider the spatial realm within which they emerge. Following an overview of the ways in which “islandness” has been conceptualized in social theory, we use the examples of the French Antilles and Mauritius to explore in more depth some of the contexts in which creolized or diasporic identities emerge. Our argument is not that creolization and diaspora emerge only on islands, nor do we suggest that all islands inevitably experience creolization and diaspora in some form. Rather, we explore the extent to which the spatial characteristics of certain islands we have meant that one could point to a certain “elective affinity” between creolization, diaspora, and islandness.
Challenges to Creolization in Mauritius and Madagascar
Authors: Boswell Rosabelle
Published: March 2021

This article offers a discussion on creolization in two island societies: Mauritius and Madagascar. It suggests that in these island states there is a concerted effort to produce national identity and that this process seems to challenge creolization. The article makes three claims: creolization is a process inscribed by the historical experience of oppression; discourses of homogeneity obscure creolization; and creoles are not merely the product of creolization. These claims challenge scholarly perception of creolization as a process that is apolitical and ahistorical. It also interrogates the homogeneity of identity in nation states and the view that creolization is a process of which creoles are a product. The author distinguishes between nationalism in Madagascar and Mauritius, noting that in the latter, a hegemonic discourse of “rootedness” is encouraging certain groups to forge links with actual and fictive “homelands.” The article concludes that creolization is a process that is locally and historically inscribed, producing particular experiences, and that those who are most influenced by it are also increasingly influenced by other global processes of change.
Home and Overseas: The Janus Faces of Cape Verdean Identity
Authors: Challinor Elizabeth Pilar
Published: March 2021

Cape Verde’s history of colonial neglect, drought, famine, and forced migration—coupled with its arid climate, poor resource base, and dependence upon foreign aid—has turned migration into a structural survival strategy. Cape Verdean identity is thus marked by a collective looking forward toward other geographical locations where relatives and friends have made a new home, and a collective looking back-ward—to relatives and friends left behind in what becomes an imaginary and desired homeland. Wherever Cape Verdeans are located, their identity claims are conditioned by this double-sided gaze: looking outwards toward the influences of other locations and of the external categorizations Cape Verdeans are subjected to by others, and looking inwards toward a more intimate “homing” space of memory, meaning, and self-ascription. The article explores these processes through a discussion of the challenges posed to young Cape Verdeans pursuing education in northern Portugal and examines how identity claims are constructed through nation, citizenship, and personhood, elucidating the ways in which these may become intertwined in processes of diasporization and of creolization. Cape Verde offers a paradigmatic case for distinguishing between creolization and creoleness since an analytical usage of the concept “creole” may be used to deconstruct normative interpretations of the term creole in social and political practice.
Diaspora, Political Action, and Identity: A Case Study of Canada’s Indian Diaspora
Authors: Singh Milan , Singh Anita
Published: March 2021

This article challenges models of diaspora that predominately use categories-based frameworks to show heterogeneity within diasporas. The critique is that these models do not consider the diverse political activity of its members and that, by defining communities based on factors such as religion, region, and language divisions, they eventually render diasporic identities rigid and fixed within these parameters. While we recognize the need to understand categorical differences within a community, the major limitation of this approach is that it imposes a homogeneous understanding of diasporic subjects. Using the Indo-Canadian diaspora as a case study, this article shows that the political activity of diasporic subjects are complex, revealing a heterogeneous identity that cannot be determined by categorical assumptions. We document the varying political actions that emerge as a community acts or reacts to such incidents as India’s State of Emergency, and in Canada, to the procedural after-effects of the Air India bombing followed by the Air India Inquiry. We also attend to the economic and political influence the Indian diaspora has exercised through organized lobby groups within and between Canada and India. This case study shows that political action within the Indo-Canadian diaspora is determined by simultaneous consideration of its home-state and host-state identities and that mobilization around the political concerns of diasporic subjects cannot always be determined by their role within religious or linguistic commonalities.
Diaspora of Diaspora: Adyge-Abkhaz Returnees in the Ancestral Homeland
Authors: Erciyes Jade Cemre
Published: March 2021

Focusing on the diasporic characteristics shown by ancestral return migrants, this case study looks at the Abkhaz-Adyge (Circassian) returnees from Turkey to the Caucasus and how they become the “diaspora of the diaspora.” The next generations of diasporans continue to dream of return, and, with recent developments in communication technologies and cheaper transportation, many find ways to realize this dream. There are many different forms of return, but some “return-migrate” and settle in an unfamiliar ancestral home. The relocation creates new experiences as the homeland turns out to be very different from that which they imagined, and the return migration is transformed into a new form of migrant experience that, in fact, produces renewed diasporic characteristics.
From Diaspora with Dreams, Dreaming about Diaspora: Narratives on a Transnational Chilean Community
Authors: Olsson Erik
Published: March 2021

This article examines the realization of “projects” to return to the country of origin for Chilean migrants who lived in the Swedish diaspora and how they relate to the social context in which these migrants lived as exiles. Drawing on long-term ethnographic research and the analysis of returnees’ narratives, it argues that the return project is not just the undertaking of isolated individuals, manifested in the decision to move, but rather an expression of discourses and practices embedded in the social context of migrants. The implementation of a return project serves as a “programmed act” of the discourses dominating in exile and becomes, with time, a journey back to “roots” that has different connotations depending on the circumstances of return. The study demonstrates that returnees tend to continue to position themselves as part of their diasporic network even after return. It is concluded that the transnational practices of the diaspora maintain social networks even after people have launched their return projects and moved back to their country of origin. The Swedish-Chilean return projects demonstrate how the idea of people’s cultural and territorial roots serves the diasporic networks’ efforts to bridge seemingly disparate social worlds and refigures that social space.
Retrospective and Afterological Considerations of the Contemporary Russian-Speaking Jewish Diaspora: Whence and Whither
Authors: Markowitz Fran
Published: March 2021

This article reviews the transformations undergone by Russian-speaking Jews over the past half century, and how these have been portrayed in key scholarly texts. It analyzes the representation of Soviet Jews first as a people of silence, then as new immigrants in Israel and North America, and, most recently, as a globalized community or worldwide diaspora. But rather than accepting these identity transformations as a fait accompli, the article problematizes their present meanings and ponders future trends.
For Creolization, Against Diaspora, Interlacing Both
Authors: Cohen Robin
Published: March 2021

This is a review and reflection on a conference volume comprising anglophone and francophone scholars writing on the uses and abuses of the terms creolization and diaspora. The volume also highlights new critiques and understandings of cosmopolitanism. While there is some discussion of one of the notable sites of creolization and diaspora, the Caribbean, a number of scholars advocate a switch of focus to the Indian Ocean. An important contribution is made by Lionnet who shows how the Indian Ocean is a paradigmatic case of multiple entanglements, plurality, and rhizomatic multidirectionality. This reviewer concurs in her view that Atlanticists have unfairly or unthinkingly sidelined the importance of cultural interactions in the Indian Ocean. Sinophone Studies are also represented through the work of Shu-mei Shih who advocates substituting Sinophone Studies for Diaspora Studies in the case of the Chinese. She is also unconvinced by discussions of deterritorialized transnational identities. Her views are explained and questioned by this reviewer. The editors of the volume are praised for creating a fruitful dialogue between fourteen contributors in the fields of comparative literature, socio-linguistics, and cultural sociology. In addition to diaspora, creolization, cosmopolitanism, and cultural complexity, other key themes drawn from the titles of chapters in the volume include reconciliation, representation, generation, memory, imaginings, exile, and masculinities.
“World Music” and the Global Cultural Economy
Authors: Roberts Martin
Published: March 2021

What is a global culture? To what extent is it meaningful to speak of such a culture today? What is the relationship, within a global culture, between global and local, center and margins, core and periphery? How are we to evaluate such a culture, as a positive or as a negative phenomenon? As something to be welcomed and celebrated, or resisted? These are some of the questions that recently have been the subject of intense discussion and debate among cultural theorists (Schneider and Wallis; Featherstone). To these questions, however, I would like to add a further set which frames the preceding ones. Why are cultural theorists so interested in global culture? What is at stake for them in theorizing about it? What larger issues and agendas are being played out in their debates? What are the implications of this theoretical discourse about global culture for that discourse itself? These are the two sets of questions I will be exploring in this essay: the first concerning the nature, meanings, and value of global culture; the second, framing the first, concerning the implications of theories of global culture for cultural theory itself. My discussion will focus on a form of cultural production that has been prominent in recent debates about global culture, the popular-music industry, and within this form, the phenomenon now commonly known in the English-speaking world as “world music.” My purpose is both to try to make sense of the world-music phenomenon itself by considering it in relation to several models of global culture and to use world music as a means of reflecting back on the theoretical models used in its interpretation and evaluation.
Is the United States Postcolonial? Tansnationalism, Immigration, and Race
Authors: Sharpe Jenny
Published: March 2021

When I completed my doctorate in 1987, postcolonial studies was not a clearly defined field. I (like other diasporic Third World academics of my generation) applied for jobs in literature, to which we introduced the critical frame of Empire. And, like them, I began to shift my research and teaching away from European literature and toward the cultures of the ex-colonies. This shift occurred in response to the limitations of identifying colonial structures of power and knowledge without providing alternative frames of reference. But even as I say that my turn toward Third World literatures was in response to the demands of the classroom, I must also admit that I cannot disentangle my personal decision from the institutional demand for diasporic Third World intellectuals to teach what has come to be known as “postcolonial literature.”
Agrárpolitikai kihívások és jogszabályalkotás a korai Kádár-korban
Authors: Ring Orsolya , Kiss László
Published: March 2021

Tanulmányunkban a magyarországi kollektivizálás második hullámát egy, a társadalomtudományban használatos módszer adaptálásának segítségével vizsgáljuk, rámutatva, hogy a nagy adatbázisok elemzése milyen nagyobb, általánosabb történettudományi összefüggések levonására kínál lehetőségeket. Majd ugyanezt a kutatási kérdéskört egy szövegbányászati módszer, az úgynevezett topikmodellezés alkalmazásával elemezzük. Írásunk célja annak illusztrálása, hogy az egyre nagyobb számban elérhető digitális gyűjteményeknek a hazai történettudomány számára még részben újfajta módszerekkel történő elemzése milyen lehetőségeket és korlátokat rejt magában. Elemzésünk a korai Kádár-korszak agrárpolitikaijogszabályalkotásának vizsgálatát végzi el, arra a fő kutatási kérdésre keresve a választ, hogy milyen módon tükröződik vissza a jogszabályalkotásban a korszak gazdaságpolitikája, milyen módon reagált a jogszabályalkotás a korszak gazdaság- és társadalompolitikai változásaival kapcsolatban felmerülő szabályozási igényekre. A témaalapú osztályozás mellett szövegeinket szövegbányászati módszerekkel is vizsgálat alá vesszük, elemzésünk harmadik részében pedig kísérletet teszünk a két módszer kombinálására – azzal a céllal, hogy összefüggést találjunk a CAP-kódkönyvben meghatározott közpolitikai topikok, konkrétabban az agrárpolitikai altopikok, valamint a topikmodellezés során kapott témák között.
Güncel Haliyle Bitcoin ve Piyasadaki Değeri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: GÜVEN Özgür , BULUT Şahin
Published: March 2021

Bitcoin, 2009 yılında ortaya çıkmasıyla devrim niteliğinde bir altyapı sunan kripto para türüdür. Bitcoinin temel teknolojisi olan blokzincir, güvenilir bir üçüncü tarafa ihtiyaç duymayan, merkezi olmayan bir sistem olarak tasarlanmış; geniş uygulama potansiyeli ile kamu ve iş dünyasında hızla kabul görmüştür. Bu çalışmada, Ocak 2012 – Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında cumhuriyet altını, altın ons fiyatı, ham petrol fiyatı, amerikan doları ve euro para birimleri ile bitcoin arasındaki korelasyon ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında Spearman korelasyon analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Analizlerin sonucuna göre, piyasalara girdiği ilk dönem olan 2012’de bitcoinin diğer göstergelerle arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkisi saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Bitcoinin dolar karşılığının bir önceki yıla göre üç katından fazla arttığı 2017 yılı ise bitcoinin zirve yılı olup; euro ile arasında pozitif yönlü kuvvetli bir ilişki vardır (r=0.873; p
Bizans Dönemi Taş Eserlerinde Refrigerium Sahneleri
Authors: KARADEMİR Tuğçe
Published: March 2021

Roma döneminde yemek sahneleri olarak tasvir edilen refrigerium sahneleri, Bizans sanatında freskolarda, mozaiklerde ve taş eserlerde, çoğunlukla bir kantharostan su içen tavus kuşu sahnelerine dönüşmüştür. Ancak, sahnenin merkezinde yer alan kantharos yerine kimi zaman bir çeşme veya hayat ağacı kimi zaman da haç ya da christogram geldiği görülür. Refrigerium teriminin Türkçe’de tam bir karşılığı yoktur. Hıristiyanlığın erken döneminde, hem ölen kişinin anısına mezarlığın yakınında kutlanan ziyafet hem de ölünün manevi rahatlığını ifade eden ferahlık anlamında kullanıldığı söylenebilir. Bizans dönemi taş eserleri üzerinde görülen refrigerium sahneleri incelenirken bu sahnelerin Hıristiyan ikonografisi içerisindeki yerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaca yönelik çalışmalarımızda, refrigerium sahnesi içeren, Erken ve Orta Bizans dönemine ait farklı eser türlerinde toplam 32 tane taş eser tespit edilmiştir. Refrigerium sahnelerini incelerken, yaygın bir şekilde tavus kuşlarıyla gösterilen bu sahnelerin, ayrıca saflığı ve masumiyeti sembolize eden güvercin figürü, “kanatlı ruhun” sembolü olarak kullanılan kuş figürü, yenilenme ve vaftizle ilişkili olan geyik figürü ile de kullanılmış olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Çalışanların Psikolojik Sermayesinin Kariyer Adaptasyonuna Etkisi
Authors: İRGE Necmiye Tülin , YILDIRIM İbrahim , ASSALI Hazem
Published: March 2021

Psikolojik sermaye yoğun rekabet ortamında günümüz işletmelerinin rekabet avantajı elde etmeleri için dikkate almaları gereken önemli bir kavram haline gelmiştir. İşletme kaynakları arasında önemi oldukça büyük olan insan kaynakları ve örgütsel davranış alanlarına yeni bir bakış açısı getirmiştir. Kariyer adaptasyonu çalışanın mevcutta var olan veya tahmin edilebilen iş tanımları ve iş yaşamında önceden tahmin edilemeyen ve değişikliklerin neden olduğu belirsizlik durumlarıyla mücadele edebilmesidir. Bu çalışmada psikolojik sermayenin kariyer adaptasyonuna etkisi incelenerek, işletmelerde gerek işe alımlarda psikolojik sermayesi güçlü adayların tercih kriterlerinden olması gerekse mevcut çalışanın psikolojik sermayesini güçlendirerek kariyer adaptasyonu süreçlerinde etkin kullanılmasına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemi İstanbul Avrupa yakasında sıvı temizlik ürünleri üretimi yapan firmalarda çalışan 122 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucuna göre; psikolojik sermayenin, zaman algısı ve bireysel yükümlülük üzerinde etkisi ile öz yeterlik, dayanıklık ve umudun, zaman algısı ve bireysel yükümlülük üzerinde etkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Urinary Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer
Authors: B. Nerli R. , B. Nerli R. , Rangrez Shadab , Bidi Saziya , C. Ghagane Shridhar , Chandra Shreya
Published: March 2021

The examination of urine is an ancient medical procedure dating back thousands of years. Microscopic examination of cells in the urine is being done since the invention of microscope. Presently the cytological examination of urine or other fluid samples from the urinary tract is a routine non-invasive diagnostic procedure to detect cancer of the urinary tract, especially in patients with painless haematuria. It is also used in the follow-up of patients previously treated for bladder cancer to detect recurrence or a new primary. It is a highly specific method for the diagnosis of invasive and in situ urothelial carcinoma and high-grade papillary carcinoma. However, it is unreliable for the detection of low-grade papillary neoplasms. Malignant cytomorphological characteristics of the exfoliated cells in urine or bladder washing can facilitate the diagnosis of bladder cancer. The Paris System (TPS) Working Group has proposed. The Paris System (TPS) authorities have proposed a standard reporting stem which includes specified diagnostic categories and cytomorphologic criteria for diagnosis of High-grade Urothelial Carcinoma (HGUC).
Spinal Myxoma of the Facet Joint: A Case Report
Authors: Colangeli S. , Ruinato A. D. , Mandile G. , Colangeli S. , Capanna R.
Published: March 2021

Myxoma is a benign soft tissue tumor that can occur in a variety of locations. Intramuscular localization is common, myxomas of the paravertebral muscle are relatively rare and only few cases have been described in literature. Juxta-articular myxoma on facet joint is extraordinary. The current case described paraspinal muscles juxta-articular myxoma of the lumbar region in a 61-year-old man causing back pain and sciatica. Radiological findings showed a mass in the nearby of L5-S1 facet joints mimicking a big synovial cyst that deepened down into the psoas major muscle. A PET scan showed a higher metabolism involving the mass and no other localizations. Intraoperative histological analysis was consistent with Juxta-articular myxoma (JM). Treatment of choice was surgical excision, with complete relief of symptoms afterwards.
The impact assessment of competitiveness on export growth in Georgian mineral water sector (based on econometric model)
Authors: Lobzhanidze Nino
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The paper analyzes the dynamics of exports of the Georgian mineral water product and identifies the reasons for the upward or downward trends. The paper assesses the methodological issues of measuring the level of competition in agri-food markets in general. The paper uses a theoretical-methodological study of the issue. Comparative statistical analysis is performed according to the foreign trade statistics. The Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) and the Relative Export Advantage Index (RXA) are calculated to assess the competitiveness of the Georgian mineral water sector using the “ex-post” method. In addition, an econometric model is constructed to substantiate the relationship between cause-effect variables. The model substantiates the impact of competitiveness weighed and estimated by “Doing Business”, „Index of Economic Freedom” rankings and the potential demand of partner countries weighted by trade shares, on the growth of Georgia's mineral water exports.
Aim and tasks. The main purpose of the article is to highlight the role of product competitiveness among the factors affecting export growth, to identify the main obstacles and suggest ways to overcome them. The article also analyzes the most acute problems caused by Covid 19 in the field. There are analyzed policy and forecasts in response to the complicated economic situation created by the pandemic of the main companies of the Georgian mineral water market.
Results. Based on the statistical trends, mathematical calculations and econometric model evaluations, a positive correlation between competitiveness and exports is substantiated. Also, the main points of the mineral water companies performance and state support economic policy are presented due to the pandemic situation. Taking into account the general and current problems in the sector the ways to maintain and increase the level of competitiveness of the product are identified.
Conclusions. The conducted research presents the importance of the competitiveness on the export growth. Accordingly, the article proposes ways to increase the level of competition and competitiveness. Conclusions have been made on the underlying problems in the field, including those caused by Covid 19 and beyond, and recommendations for addressing these problems have been proposed.
Keywords: competition, mineral water sector, export diversification, competitiveness indexes.