bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM COM USO DE RUBRICAS NA EDUCAÇÃO À DISTÂNCIA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO
Authors: Zampar Rafael , Pariz Drielli Maraiza Cardoso , Zampar Douglas
Published: June 2023

O início da terceira década do século XXI traz consigo um complexo contexto no qual o perfil dos alunos, nascidos na era digital, gera novas demandas para a educação, que também foi fortemente impactada pela pandemia de Covid-19. A inovação educacional apresenta uma proposta de resposta a esse contexto, porém, a inovação nas metodologias que promovem a aprendizagem ativa dos estudantes precisa de um adequado alinhamento com os processos avaliativos, para evitar que sejam apenas movimentos inovadores sem que haja garantia de aprendizagem. O planejamento dessas atividades faz com que os objetivos de aprendizagem sejam claros e que sirvam como direcionamento para o processo de avaliação. A partir dessa premissa relatamos neste artigo a experiência de avaliação por meio de rubricas em um curso de pós-graduação em Aprendizagem Ativa e Tecnologias Educacionais. Nessa experiência, focamos nossa atenção em um processo que integra, em cada disciplina, os objetivos de aprendizagem, que culminam com a habilidade do aluno em aplicar as metodologias estudadas no contexto em que ele é professor, com um processo de construção de uma dinâmica que propõe uma experiência de aprendizagem na qual a avaliação ocupa um espaço no qual o aluno avança na construção de seu conhecimento, não apenas no ato da produção do que se pede na atividade como também pela apresentação de feedback. A partir do uso das rubricas foi possível identificar as lacunas de aprendizagem da turma pelos professores e planejar ações corretivas. Além disso, foi possível ao aluno ter a consciência do que é esperado dele, bem como um feedback estruturado de seu desempenho.
O DESAFIO DE PROFISSIONAIS DA ÁREA DE OBSTETRÍCIA DIANTE DA VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA
Authors: Caldas Marcus Tulio , Coutelo Bianca Wanderley , Dos Santos Rafael Márcio Batista Vaz Ferreira , Foro Carla Gabrielle Ferreira , Miranda Antônio Felipe Moreira Comitre , De Vasconcelos Victória Nunes
Published: June 2023

Apesar de positivo, o avanço da obstetrícia possibilitou a concretização do atual modelo que lida com a gravidez, parto e nascimento, como doenças e não como expressões de um processo natural e saudável, expondo mulheres e recém-nascidos a diversas intervenções que deveriam ser utilizadas apenas em situações nas quais houvesse real necessidade. Quando o desrespeito envolve não somente o corpo das mulheres, mas também seus processos reprodutivos, este pode ser denominado como violência obstétrica. Nosso objetivo geral foi compreender a experiência dos profissionais da área de saúde que atendem gestantes e/ou parturientes a respeito da violência obstétrica e como objetivos específicos: investigar como profissionais que atendem gestantes e/ou parturientes são afetados pela violência obstétrica, como observam os efeitos sobre a clientela e como propõem medidas preventivas. A pesquisa se caracterizou como qualitativa, de cunho fenomenológico. Foram entrevistados 9 profissionais da área da saúde que atuam no campo da obstetrícia. As entrevistas semiabertas foram realizadas de maneira remota no período de janeiro de 2021 a março de 2021. O termo violência obstétrica é conhecido por todos os profissionais entrevistados, entretanto, essa expressão ainda não possui uma definição bem estabelecida. A violência obstétrica pode ser realizada por qualquer pessoa que esteja envolvida com a gestante. Existe uma grande dificuldade em relação a aceitação desse tipo de violência pelos profissionais da área da saúde. Observou-se que todos os entrevistados já presenciaram ou ouviram falar sobre a prática da violência obstétrica e que essas tiveram impactos negativos na sua vida pessoal e profissional. A maioria dos entrevistados afirma ter percebido que as mulheres negras e indígenas sofrem mais violência obstétrica do que as brancas e que quem sofreu esse tipo de violência pode apresentar consequências físicas, psicológicas e sociais. Sugerem como prevenção um amplo conjunto de medidas entre elas: o aprofundamento da discussão e a sua melhor caracterização ainda se fazem necessários visando uma nova formação profissional, assim como mais informações para que as mulheres possam se apossar da sua autonomia, como também o fortalecimento dos equipamentos de denúncia.
CONTROVÉRSIAS DO ACORDO DE NÃO PERSECUÇÃO CIVIL NAS AÇÕES DE IMPROBIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA COM O ADVENTO DA LEI Nº 14.230/2021
Authors: Xavier Jéssica Teodoro , Silva Tiago Donizete , Simão Othon Henrique Dias
Published: June 2023

Os meios consensuais de solução dos conflitos são um parâmetro buscado pelo Poder Judiciário Brasileiro em todas as searas do direito. No entanto, a redação original da Lei nº 8.429/1992 vedava expressamente em seu §1º do art. 17 qualquer tipo de transação, acordo ou conciliação nas ações de improbidade administrativa. Em atendimento a súplica doutrinária e jurisprudencial, foi inserido em 2019 no denominado “Pacote Anticrime”, a possibilidade da autocomposição no âmbito das ações de improbidade administrativa, sem os traçados mínimos para aplicabilidade, sendo objeto de nova alteração com o advento da Lei nº 14.230/2021. O presente artigo visa analisar as controvérsias da admissão dos acordos de não persecução civil tendo como parâmetro a recente alteração legislativa, cujos obstáculos deverão ser superados para uma premissa maior ainda, que é da luta contra atos ilícitos na Administração Pública. A pesquisa adota como método de abordagem, o dedutivo e, como método de procedimento, o descritivo. A técnica de pesquisa foi a revisão bibliográfica, documental e qualitativa, em especial análise dos possíveis legitimados a propositura de acordo nas referidas ações coletivas. Conclui-se que, os entraves em torno da possibilidade de acordo nas ações de improbidade administrativa legislativa deverão ser sanados, ao decorrer dos anos, pela doutrina e jurisprudência, bem como por regulamentações, a fim de preencher as lacunas normativas decorrentes.
INTERVENÇÃO PRÁTICA SOBRE O CONHECIMENTO DA FISIOPATOLOGIA DAS DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Benevides Marina Layara Sindeaux , Martins Géssica de Souza , Ribeiro Ellen Eduarda Santos , Avelino Larissa Lara de Sousa , Feitosa Sara Alencar Xavier , Alves Isadora Helen Cavalcante , De Oliveira Adrielly Silva , Palacio Bruna Queiroz Allen
Published: June 2023

A educação em saúde é um processo educativo entre a construção de conhecimento e a temática apresentada para a população, onde um conjunto de práticas contribuem para a autonomia individual e coletiva das pessoas. A diabetes mellitus é uma doença de saúde pública, caracterizada por alterações glicêmicas e é denominada como um distúrbio metabólico. Embora seja uma doença com muitos casos, muitos dos que são diagnosticados com diabetes não possuem o entendimento sobre a sua fisiopatologia e como evitar as suas complicações. Trata-se de um relato de experiência.Os alunos ensinaram de forma lúdica como ocorre a fisiopatologia da DM. Durante a ação educativa os alunos explicaram, em linguagem informal, para facilitar o entendimento dos usuários. Pode-se concluir que a atividade obteve êxito no entendimento dos pacientes sobre a fisiopatologia da diabetes mellitus e as suas complicações.
PATOFISIOLOGIA DA INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM RECEPTORES sST2 DA INTERLEUCINA - 1β
Authors: Menegassi Felipe Gustavo Morais
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: estabelecer, através de uma revisão narrativo-crítica, a patofisiologia, prevalência, diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico da insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Demonstrar ainda a associação da IC aos biomarcadores cardiovasculares, como a interleucina 1β e seus receptores. Métodos: revisão de literatura embasada em artigos científicos das bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e SciELO. Foram utilizados descritores com base em estudos publicados nos anos de 2014 a 2023 e aderência à temática “insuficiência cardíaca”. Foram excluídos os estudos sem publicações completas e sem disponibilização gratuita na plataforma de dados. Resultados: nas bases de dados do PubMed, LILACS e SciELO foram obtidos 204, 22 e 6 artigos, respectivamente. Destes, 18, 2 e 2 artigos do PubMed, LILACS e SciELO, respectivamente se destacaram após avaliação e uso de critérios de exclusão. Por fim, 17 artigos e um livro texto compõem este estudo. Conclusão: a IC é uma patologia sindrômica provocada por uma série de diagnósticos etiológicos diferentes. Pacientes com IC apresentam diversos mecanismos compensatórios, além da remodelação e reparo cardíacos eventuais orientados por mediadores inflamatórios. Nesta doença os biomarcadores têm grande utilidade, sendo amplamente estudados nos últimos anos. Destaque importante são as interleucinas 1β, sendo úteis no diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico da IC.
Contribution of civil construction in the emission of gases involved with greenhouse effect
Authors: Furtado Felipe Casa Nova , Borille Fátima de Cássia de Athayde , Santos Andréa de Melo , Monteiro Eliana Cristina Barreto , Campos-Takaki Galba Maria de
Published: June 2023

Civil construction is one of the most important industries in the world, responsible for the creation of housing, infrastructure, and commercial buildings. However, this industry is also a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2), which contributes to climate change. In addition, construction is also a source of other air pollutants that contribute to the degradation of the ozone layer. In this context, research conducted with the impacts of civil construction that contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases and degradation of the ozone layer is presented, as well as the development of actions to minimize GHG production by 2030, being a challenge that requires commitment and changes in the culture of the construction industry. Construction has the responsibility and opportunity to lead this change to promote a more sustainable and just future for all. In addition, solutions are presented to minimize the emission of polluting gases in civil construction, highlighting the importance of energy efficiency, the use of alternative materials, and the adoption of efficient and innovative practices in construction and operation, without compromising the quality and structural performance of buildings.
Nervos periféricos: Importância anatomossemiológica na clínica
Authors: Tuni Douglas Carlos , Schenatto Lucas , Cunha Marcelo Lemos Vieira da , Piccinini Aline Martinelli
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo a revisão anatomossemiológica dos nervos periféricos, correlacionando a anatomia com as funções desenvolvidas por estes nervos. Abordou-se os plexos braquial e lombossacral, os principais e mais importantes conjugados neurais, responsáveis pela motricidade e sensibilidades térmica, tátil e dolorosa dos membros superiores e inferiores. Apresentou-se os dermátomos neuronais, imprescindíveis na análise das lesões de plexos nervosos, delimitando o nível do acometimento, facilitando o entendimento da patologia e propiciando uma terapêutica mais adequada e um acompanhamento clínico mais seguro. O plexo braquial dá origem a diversos troncos, divisões e os nervos em si, sendo que cada um destes apresenta particularidades quando de lesão ou comprometimento funcional. Quanto ao plexo lombossacral, responsável pela inervação dos membros inferiores, composto pelas raízes nervosas de L1-S4, as principais queixas advêm de comprometimento do nervo isquiático, desenvolvendo uma ciatalgia, com sinais clássicos, como o de Lasègue, havendo necessidade de controle anti-inflamatório da dor. Nota-se a importância dos nervos periféricos na homeostase anatomoclínica humana, abordando questões anatômicas complexas, com reflexos clínicos quando do acometimento em certa raiz nervosa, permitindo aos neurologistas, fisioterapeutas e demais profissionais da área da saúde uma melhor atuação, possibilitando um diagnóstico mais preciso e um tratamento mais correto.
Dificuldade de aprendizagem, distúrbio do processamento auditivo e avalição psicologica em crianças escolares
Authors: Araujo Joneilton Jose
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho de revisão teórica tem como objetivos realizar uma sistematização sobre os temas dificuldade de aprendizagem, distúrbio do processamento auditivo e avalição psicológica em crianças escolares. Assim, num primeiro momento trabalharemos com as dificuldades de aprendizagens, seus sintomas e possíveis transtornos ou distúrbios relacionados. Num segundo momento, faz-se necessário o aprofundamento sobre o distúrbio do processamento auditivo central (DPAC), principalmente, para servir de referência para quem convive cotidianamente com esse distúrbio, de maneira especial pais, pedagogos e psicólogos. Para estes, essa realidade se apresenta como particular desafio, uma vez que, tem se tornado frequente nas escolas o aparecimento de crianças portadora de DPAC associado ou em comorbidade com outros distúrbios ou transtorno. Por fim, será trabalho o tema sobre a importância da avaliação psicológica em crianças da educação infantil e anos iniciais, bem como alguns instrumentos e testes que melhor auxiliam o psicólogo a laudar uma criança com transtorno ou distúrbio. Por fim, a partir das perspectivas estudadas, percebeu-se que quando mais precoce as crianças são avaliadas e diagnosticadas, mais eficaz será a possibilidade de intervenção e integração saudável dessa criança, propiciando melhores resultados no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da mesma.
Self-perception of dizziness and the relationship with the easing of COVID-19 social distancing rules, immunization and vitamin supplementation
Authors: Oliveira Priscila Feliciano de , Lima Meline dos Santos , Santos Emanuelle de Jesus , Santos Tamara Figueiredo do Carmo , Cabral Aline , Raposo Oscar Felipe Falcão
Published: June 2023

Objective: To analyze the behavior of people with dizziness when faced with the easing of the COVID-19 social distancing rules, immunization and use of vitamin supplementation. Method: A self-perception questionnaire was applied in electronic format, during the period of easing of the COVID-19 social distancing rules, with 19 closed questions. The following aspects were addressed: identification, general health (COVID-19, influenza, immunization and comorbidities), time of onset of dizziness, means of protection against COVID-19, vitamin supplementation, homemade recipes and use of teas. Results: 667 Brazilians were interviewed, all eligible to participate in the research. Of these, 261 (39.1%) self-reported the presence of dizziness, with a mean age of 37.91 years, with a prevalence of females. The use of masks and hand hygiene were protective measures that continued to be adopted during the easing of the COVID-19 social distancing rules, with 89.2% reporting, even after having been immunized, that they were afraid of contracting SARS COV -two. It was observed that 11.1% triggered dizziness after a positive test for COVID-19; in addition, 32.2% consulted a nutritionist to start the supplementation process (p=0.005), 65.1% used vitamin supplements (p=0.001) and 19.8% reported having used homemade recipes such as Espinheira Santa Tea and Chamomile, Ginko Biloba in order to minimize dizziness. Conclusion: Participants with dizziness were diagnosed with a vestibular disorder by a specialist, since there was a positive relationship with dizziness in the post-COVID-19 period. In order to reduce vestibular symptoms, the interviewees consulted a nutritionist to start vitamin supplementation and used vitamin complexes from A to Z, among others such as zinc, vitamin B12 and homemade teas. Even after the COVID-19 immunization, the participants continued to follow the guidelines for hand hygiene and the use of protective masks.
Reception in a Family Health Unit: From the changes during the beginning of the experience with COVID-19 to the present day
Authors: Mendes Amanda Caroline Oliveira Henriques , Lopes Manuela Wanderley Ferreira , Fontes Maria da Conceição de Barros Correia , Sousa Válery Muniz de , Sousa Micaela Maria de , Marques Kátia Maria Gonçalves , Santos Leonardo Cavalcanti Bezerra dos , Melo Márcia Maria Dantas Cabral de , Nascimento Zilma Ribeiro do , Lima Niedje Siqueira de , Fontes Luciana de Barros Correia
Published: June 2023

The objective of this experience report is to draw a comparison between the adjustments made in the Welcoming, in a Family Health Unit or FHU in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, from March 2020 to March 2023. The initial phase of this study comprised a descriptive and qualitative approach to the experiences, particularly directed to the welcoming of users. This one was from 37 professionals from the FHU of Vila União, in the city of Recife, State of Pernambuco. The professionals belonged to four Family Health teams. Considering the data obtained in the first half of 2021, the dynamics of welcoming were directed to screening, with little participation of the Oral Health team and problems related to dissatisfaction with the solution established for their problem. It was observed the need for adjustments in welcoming, with a view to a better level of satisfaction for both users and the care team. After an interval of two years or 24 months, it was found that there were few changes. The established organization remains with the Community Health Agent or CHA, triaging and referring users, with the Oral Health team being away from the reception and taking turns with another team. In this context, the current direction seems to reflect a recovery in the demand for care, not necessarily the quality of care. What has been found to be a problem is in a larger dimension, but is not discussed, at least until the month of March 2023.
"Lost virtually everything he had learned": Some thoughts on the impact of the pandemic on literacy and child development
Authors: Tomás Débora Nogueira , Moreira Maria Beatriz S. , Pacheco Maria Eduarda Santos
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses the impacts of social isolation and remote learning on the school life of children in the literacy phase during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the years 2020 and 2021, in Brazil. From the contributions of Historical-Cultural Psychology, an analysis of how remote teaching impacted the process of school literacy was carried out, so we used as a methodological procedure the application of a questionnaire, elaborated through the Google Form, which was sent to family members/guardians who, during remote education, had children enrolled in the final years of Early Childhood Education and the initial grades of Elementary School I in the State of São Paulo. The questionnaire was completed in August 2002. And the results revealed that remote teaching harmed the process of literacy and school development, whose greatest impact is related to the delay and difficulty in the process of acquiring reading and writing. Child behaviors of loss of motivation and interest, as well as attentional difficulty and anxiety during the remote teaching process, were also evidenced. Another important factor was the fact that the lack of follow-up of students by those responsible for child care during such activities at home, brought reflections on the importance of valuing the school context, a social institution that shares and teaches the knowledge necessary for literacy and human development.
Implications of COVID-19 on teachers' personal values
Authors: Lapa Junior Luiz Gonzaga , Mourão Ada Raquel Teixeira , Peruzzo Marcela Pesci , Alexandrino Leticia Keroly Bezerra , Leão Lucineide Melo de Paulo , Ribeiro Libya Raquel Gomes Vicente , Ferreira Sonia Maria Escobar de Matos , Monteiro Maria Eugênia , Araujo Eliane de Jesus , Sena Edilene Ferreira de
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has reverberated throughout the world's society. In the area of education, in particular, the closure of teaching centers and the abrupt online work has impacted on teachers' mental health, including changes in values. From this perspective, this study investigated the possible effects of Covid-19 on teachers' personal values. Values are abstract structures, associated with emotion, influencing choices and behaviors, representing conscious and desired personal goals, and can serve as criteria used by people in their decision-making. Using the quantitative research method through the application of an online questionnaire by Google Forms, the Values Scale validated by Luiz Lapa in 2019 was used as an instrument. The scale is an adaptation of social psychologist Shalom Schwartz's Refined Value Questionnaire (PVQ-R). Among other results, there are indications of an increase in the values of universalism, benevolence (values of Self-transcendence), safety and conformity (values of Conservation) and a decrease in the importance of the values of stimulation (values of Openness to change) and power (values of Self-promotion). Therefore, in this context, there are indications of changes in teachers' personal values due to Covid-19.
Analysis of cases of deaths from covid-19 in the state of Paraná: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Koga Patricia Midori , Carvalho Thays Lienddry Rosa Bergamo de , Carvalho Wesley Velozo de , Tashima Cristiano Massao , Alarcon Miriam Fernanda Sanches , Katakura Edna Aparecida Lopes Bezerra
Published: June 2023

Introduction: After the first cases of COVID-19 emerged, we realized that some groups of people were more affected than others. When we analyze the cases of the disease and deaths, the literature reports that there is a higher incidence of the disease in the adult population, but the lethality is higher in the elderly. Objective: To analyze the cases of deaths from COVID-19 in the State of Paraná. Method: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, based on secondary data in the public domain, made available by the State Health Secretariat of the State of Paraná (SESA-PR), from March 2020 to March 2021. Results: The State of Paraná reported 16,571 cases of deaths from COVID-19, meaning that 2.1% of the cases, over 18 years of age, notified with the disease, had a negative outcome. The disease was more lethal in the elderly (74.6%) than in the adult population (25.3%). When we stratified the deaths of adults and elderly by sex, we observed that in both adults (61.8%) and the elderly (56.8%) the highest number of deaths was in men, compared to adult women (38.1%) and elderly women (43.1%). However, when we stratified the number of cases of deaths by age group and sex in the adult and elderly population, the number of deaths was higher in older men, in the age group between 41 and 59 years, about 80.9% of deaths. In the elderly population, the highest number of deaths also occurred in the male elderly, aged between 70 and 79 years, representing about 36.8% of the deaths. Final considerations: The results of the study suggest that age and gender are variables that may interfere in the establishment of risk groups for the disease and may also be related to different outcomes, especially death. Other results show that when we analyze the distribution of cases of the disease and deaths by age group, in Brazil and worldwide, there is evidence that there is a higher incidence of the disease in the adult population, however, the lethality is higher in the elderly population. Although COVID-19 is less lethal compared to other epidemics caused by the coronavirus, its power of transmissibility is much higher affecting mainly the elderly, men, and those with comorbidities, the findings in this study also show the increase in deaths in men when compared to what was observed in women, which are similar to some literature.
Cartilha educacional de Alfavaca e Chanana
Authors: Holanda Sara Sofia Pereira
Published: June 2023

Está cartilha tem como objetivo trazer informações a respeito das plantas Ocimum Basilicum e Turnera Subulata, informando os benefícios e malefícios, cultivo e preparo. Tais dados baseado em evidencias cientifica, estudos comprovados, com teste de laboratórios. Esta cartilha tem o intuito exclusivo de educar e não para que seja utilizando como meio de instruir no uso. Pois, segundo a ANVISA as plantas aqui citadas não contém estudos científicos suficientes para que seja considerado drogas vegetais, sendo consideradas apenas alimentos.
AVRUPALI SEYYAHLARIN İZLENİMLERİYLE 19. YÜZYILDA BATI TÜRKİSTAN'DA "TÜRK MİSAFİRPERVERLİĞİ"
Authors: MEMİŞ Gülcan
Published: June 2023

Gelenek ve görenekler, Türk kültürünü şekillendiren başlıca yapı unsurlarıdır. 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’a yolculuk eden Avrupalı seyyahlar, bu yapı taşlarından biri olan misafirperverlik geleneğine tanık oldular. Misafir oldukları Kazak, Kırgız, Özbek, Türkmen gibi Türk toplumlarında misafirperverliğe özgü gelenek ve görenekleri kendi bakış açılarına göre seyahatnamelerine aktardılar. Genellikle Türk misafirperverliğine özgü karşılama biçimlerine, misafirlerini ağırlandıkları mekanlara, yemek ikramlarına ve bu geleneklerle bütünleşen geleneklere yer verdiler. Zira seyahatleri sırasında bu gelenek çerçevesinde yabancı olmalarına bakılmaksızın samimiyetle ve koşulsuz bir şekilde kabul edilmekteydiler. Çadır, ev veya köy evleri onların ağırlandıkları başlıca mekânlardı. Bu yerlerde misafirler için özel hazırlanan yemeklerin yanı sıra yemek kültürünü şekillendiren gelenekler ve sofra adabı kuralları seyyahların dikkatlerini çeken başlıca hususlardı. Seyyahların Türk misafirperverliğini oluşturan geleneklere dair bu canlı tasvirleri, Batı Türkistan’ın sosyo-kültürel yapısının aydınlanmasına katkı sunacaktır.

Bu makalede, pek çok Avrupalı seyyahın seyahatnamelerindeki misafirperverlik geleneğine özgü anlatımlarından yola çıkılarak 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’daki Türk misafirperverliğinin uygulanmasına özgü gelenek, örf ve âdetlerin genel bir çerçevesinin çizilmesi sağlanacaktır. Bununla birlikte 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’da misafir ağırlama geleneklerinin geçmişle olan kültürel bağı vurgulanacaktır. Özellikle de 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’da giden Avrupalı seyyahların misafir olarak nasıl ağırlandığı sorusuna cevap bulunmaya çalışılacaktır.
HERÂT’TAN YÜKSELEN IŞIK KERT HANEDANLIĞI (SİYASİ TARİHLERİ 643-791/1245-1389)
Authors: ÖZER Leyla
Published: June 2023

2020 yılında Erzurum Teknik Üniversitesi Öğretim Üyelerinden Derya Coşkun tarafından hazırlanan “Herât’tan Yükselen Işık Kert Hanedanlığı (Siyasi Tarihleri 643-791/1245-1389)” isimli çalışma 13. Yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren İlhanlı Devleti’ne tabii bulunan Kert Hanedanlığı ve bu hanedanlığın Herât ve dolaylarındaki idaresini ele almakta, söz konusu hanedanlığın İlhanlı devleti bünyesindeki siyasi faaliyetlerini konu edindiği gibi bağımsızlığın elde ediliş sürecinde meydana gelen faaliyetleri de gözler önüne sermektedir.
TANGGAPAN TERHADAP RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG HUKUM MATERIL PERADILAN AGAMA BIDANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: Fuadah Aah Tsamrotul
Published: June 2023

Nikah sirri kembali menjadi isu hangat di Indonesia, hal ini mencuat ketika diajukannya Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) tentang Hukum Materil Peradilan Agama Bidang Perkawinan atau yang populer dengan sebutan RUU Nikah Siri, yang mengancam pelaku nikah siri dengan sanksi pidana yakni ancaman hukuman bervariasi, mulai dari 6 bulan sampai tiga tahun, dan denda mulai Rp. 6 juta sampai Rp. 12 juta. RUU ini mengundang pro dan kontra, pihak yang setuju menganggap bahwa hal ini adalah sebuah kemajuan karena menurut mereka penikaha sirri sering kali hanya merugikan pihak perempuan dan berdampak negative bagi anak keturunan hasil nikah sirri. Semantara pihak yang kontra berpendapat bahwa RUU ini justru akan mengarahkan orang untuk melegalkan perzinahan.

Dalam kajian fiqh klasik nikah sirri adalah pernikahan yang dilakukan tanpa adanya wali atau saksi, sementara pengertian nikah sirri saat ini lebih bermakna pernikahan yang dilakukan hanya sesuai dengan agama masing-masing tanpa dilakukan pencatatan di depan petugas Kantor Urusan Agama. Jika nikah sirri diartikan dengan pengertian yang pertama maka para ulama bersepakat tidak sahnya pernikahan tanpa adanya wali dan saksi. Adapun nikah sirri yang dilakukan secara Islam namun tidak dicatat oleh petuga KUA maka sebagian besar ulama memnaggapnya sah.

Dari sinilah muncul permasalahan tentang nikah sirri di Indonesia, jika RUU ini telah disahkan maka para pelaku nikah sirri akan dikenakan denda atau hukuman penjara. Melaksanakan perkawinan secara sah menurut hukum Islam sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 adalah perwujudan dari ketaatan kepada Allah dan RasulNya dalam hal perkawinan. Sedangkan melaksanakan pasal 2 ayat (2) nya yakni tentang pencatatan perkawinan adalah wujud ketaatan kepada pemimpin. Namun demikian meskipun aturan Allah dan Rasul-Nya serta manusia sudah sangat baik, tetap akan ada yang melanggar aturan-aturan tersebut. Buktinya masih banyak orang Islam yang nikah tanpa dicatat, padahal itu untuk kemaslahatan semua pihak, sedangkan kemaslahatan itu merupakan tujuan syara’ (maqashid al-syari’ah).

Maka dari sini sudah selayaknya bagi mereka yang melaksanakan pernikahan siri karena masalah biaya, harus dibantu untuk melakukan itsbat nikah ke Pengadilan Agama dengan berperkara secara prodeo (cuma-cuma). Sedangkan mereka yang melakukan nikah siri karena alasan lain, dianjurkan untuk melakukan itsbat nikah. Kalau tidak mau, maka sewajarnya diberi sanksi baik secara administratif maupun dengan sanksi pidana yang bisa membuat jera.
Fikih Work
Authors: Fachrudin Fachri
Published: June 2023

Islam is not a religion that only has a vertical dimension between a servant and his Lord, it is a way of life that regulates all aspects of human life including the relationship between one human being and another human being. This includes Islam governing how a human being maintains the existence of his life in the world. Among the main goals of Islam is hifdz al-mal, namely protecting property which is the right of every human being. From here Islam gives freedom for humans to seek wealth as a tool to fulfill their lives. Islam gives a very high appreciation in work. The fundamental principle in Islam is to do work that is valuable and useful, and vice versa work that is futile and brings harm is declared as forbidden work and is even considered an ally of satan. Also this can be seen in the many verses of the Qur'an and Hadith which call on a Muslim to work.The verses of the Qur'an that regulate ethics at work are the words of Allah ta'ala in QS. Al-Anfaal: 27 "O you who believe, do not betray Allah and the Messenger (Muhammad) and (also) do not betray the messages entrusted to you, while you know". In this verse it is stated that among the ethics that must be considered by people who work is to be trustworthy and professional, namely carrying out the tasks that have been assigned to them with full responsibility. In addition, the hadiths of the Prophet ordering people to work in a lawful way and to stay away from all kinds of things that are unlawful are numerous, including his words, “There are three signs of a hypocrite; when he speaks lies, when he makes a promise he breaks it and when he is given a mandate he betrays”.
FIQH CAGAR BUDAYA: REKONSTRUKSI FIQH ISLAM DALAM BINGKAI PERADABAN NUSANTARA
Authors: Misno
Published: June 2023

Indonesia adalah bangsa besar yang memiliki peninggalan sejarah budaya sangat melimpah,upaya untuk melestarikannya telah dilakukan dengan melindungi cagar budaya tersebut. Namun, kerusakan atas benda cagar budaya terus terjadi. Salah satu sebabnya adalah karena unsur keagamaan. Khawatir menjadikan umat melakukan perbuatan syirik adalah salah satu sebabnya. Kerusakan benda cagar budaya terjadi di berbagai negara Islam dengan alasan yang sama, Iraq, Suriah, Afganistan dan Saudi Arabia adalah negara dengan tingkat kerusakan cagar budaya yang tinggi. Bagaimana Islam memandang perlindungan terhadap cagar budaya? Fiqh sebagai unsur dari hukum Islam memiliki sifat yang dinamis dan fleksibel, salah satu dari sifat dasarnya adalah ramah terhadap tradisi dan budaya. Konsep fiqh Nusantara memberikan solusi dalam kerusakan benda cagar budaya. Dasar hukum dalam perlindungan terhadap cagar budaya adalah; adat dan’urf umat Islam di Indonesia, kemashlahatan, ijtihad kolektif dan analogi-deduktif. Akhirnya fiqh cagar budaya adalah unsur hukum Islam yang melindungi benda-benda cagar budaya.
WASIAT WAJIBAH UNTUK ANAK ANGKAT MENURUT IMAM MADZHAB DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Misno
Published: June 2023

Hukum Islam adalah system hukum yang sempurna, ia mengatur seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, dari masalah kenegaraan sampai masalah individu dan keluarga. Dalam masalah keluarga telah diatur secara rinci mengenai pembagian harta warisan, setiap anggota keluarga yang menjadi ahli waris telah ditetapkan bagian-bagiannya. Namun tidak semua  keluarga dikaruniai anak, maka sebagian pasangan suami istri mengambil seorang anak untuk dijadikan anak angkat. Bagaimanakah kedudukan anak angkat dalam hukum Islam. Dan apakah ia mendapatkan warisan dari orang tua angkatnya. Secara nash syar’i yang bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah tidak ditemukan secara eksplisit mengenai harta warisan bagi anak angkat, namun secara implicit semangat Islam senantiasa melindungi setiap anak yang masih membutuhkan perlindungan dan pengasuhan. Oleh karena itu para ahli hukum Islam telah merumuskan adanya wasiat wajibah bagi anak angkat. Wasat wajibah adalah wasiat yang ditetapkan oleh seorang imam (kepala Negara) bagi harta warisan dari seseorang yang memiliki anak angkat yang masih memerlukan pengasuhan. Besarnya wasiat wajibah sebagaimana wasiat secara umum yaitu tidak boleh lebih dari 1/3 dari keseluruhan harta warisan. Beberapa syarat yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanakan wasiat wajibah adalah bahwa anak angkat tersebut masih membutuhkan biaya untuk kebutuhan sehari-harinya.
Foreign Exchange Trading Menurut Dewan Syariah Nasional Nomor 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 Tentang Jual Beli Mata Uang (al-Sharf) (Studi Kasus PT Valbury Asia Future)
Authors: Munir Moh. Toha , Misno
Published: June 2023

Pada era revolusi industri 4.0 sekarang ini semua informasi dan teknologi bisa diakses dengan cepat secara online. Dan tidak bisa dipungkiri secara perlahan semua sudah beralih kearah digital, sehingga interaksi manusia dan teknologi tidak bisa dihindarkan lagi. Semua pemenuhan kebutuhan kini sudah tersedia secara digital, seperti jual-beli, jasa hingga transaksi pembayaran, bahkan jual beli mata uang (al-Sharf) bisa dilakukan secara online. Hal ini yang menghantarkan penulis menganalisa foreign exchange trading (al-Sharf) yang di lakukan di PT Valbury Asia Future. Apakah PT Valbury sudah menjalankan fatwa DSN MUI dalam menjalankan transaksinya? Maka dari itu penulis mencoba untuk mengangkat judul dalam penelitianya yaitu Foreign Exchange Trading Menurut Dewan Syariah Nasional Nomer 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 Tentang Jual Beli Mata Uang (al-Sharf) (Studi Kasus PT Valbury Asia Future). Dalam tesis ini penulis menggunakan pendekatan Normative Legal Studies. Yang dimaksud dengan penelitian Normative Legal Studies adalah metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti mengenai objek penelitian berdasarkan norma hukum. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah metode book survey/studi kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara sistematis tentang bentuk transaksi yang dilakukan oleh PT Valbury Asia Future dan hukum transaksi foreign exchange trading menurut fatwa DSN MUI Nomer 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang jual beli mata uang (al-Sharf). Kemudian ditarik kesimpulan bahwa jenis transaksi yang di perbolehkan dalam foreign exchange trading menurut fatwa DSN MUI Nomer 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 adalah transaksi spot, sedangkan transaksi forward, swap dan option hukumnya haram.
A 2020-as évek digitális óvodása
Authors: Szakács Sándorné Várvári Tünde
Published: June 2023

A Neumann-galaxisnak köszönhetően újabb fordulatnak lehetünk tanúi a XXI. század emberének információhoz jutási szokásaiban. Az „m-learning (mobile-learning)” mindennapossá vált: például az utcán sétálva, utána nézhetünk – mobil telefonunk segítségével – az érdeklődésünket felkeltő látványosság történeti hátterének, vagy a látványosság alkotójának. A gyermekek mintegy bele születnek ebbe az eszközhasználatba, az ilyen típusú információhoz jutás lehetőségeibe, felkelti érdeklődésüket, részeseivé szeretnének válni. Mire elérik a 3 éves kort és óvodások lesznek, már betekintésük van az „m-learning” világába, hiszen bárhol, bármikor megkaphatják szüleiktől az ehhez szükséges eszközöket. Minden szülő a legjobbat kívánja nyújtani gyermekének, így a családok sem vonják ki magukat a digitalizáció folyamatából. (Nem hagyhatjuk figyelmen kívül azt a sajnálatos tényt, hogy a XXI. század húszas éveiben még mindig említést kell tennünk azokról a gyerekekről, akik olyan nehéz anyagi körülmények között kényszerülnek élni, amelyben nem jutnak hozzá ehhez a lehetőséghez, nevezetesen a digitális eszközökhöz családjuk körében. Nyilván a nevelési intézmény és a szociális ellátó rendszer nagyobb felelősséggel tartozik ezen családok felé a digitalizáció terén is: munkavállalási lehetőségek, ellátáshoz jutás lehetőségei, gyermekek kulturális leszakadásának megakadályozása/megelőzése a digitális eszközök biztosításával.)
Települési értékek megismertetése iskoláskorban Nyirádon
Authors: Németh Andrásné Farkas Gabriella
Published: June 2023

Az általános iskola –minden településen, de egy községben kifejezetten– nagy felelősséggel bír a gyermekben a szülőfalujához, a családjához való kötődés, a megfelelő identitás kialakításában. A Hungarikum mozgalom, az értékőrzés jól megfogalmazható, hatékony és jól adaptálható keretet ad ezen cél eléréséhez: a gyerekek úgy hagyják el az iskolát, hogy megfelelő ismeretek mellett erős kötődéssel is rendelkezzenek szűkebb környezetükhöz, a szülőhelyük épített és természeti értékeihez, hagyományaihoz. A helytörténet és a néprajzi ismeretek tanítása, mint a lakóhelyhez, szülőföldhöz való kötődés kialakításának, a generációk közötti kommunikáció erősítésének eszköze, ott van a tantervekben, jelen van az iskolákban. Így az értékőrző munka több területen, többféle formában megjelenhet a pedagógiai munkában. Tanórai tevékenység keretében éppúgy, mint iskolai rendezvények, projektnapok, szakkörök, táborok formájában. Hagyományos pedagógiai módszerek mellett érdemes megfelelő hangsúlyt fektetni a mai gyerek figyelmét megragadó és motivációját növelő digitális pedagógiai eszközökre, illetve a gamifikáció, a játékosítás módszerére. Módszertani tapasztalataikból Nyirádon ezt a két hatékony elemet állítják az értékőrzés szolgálatába, melyek aranykulcsként nyitják a gyerekek érdeklődésének kapuját. Ezen iskolai munkát segítik a települési értéktárral, a civil értékőrzőkkel való együttműködés, helytörténeti füzetsorozat, az online értéktári felületek. Az iskolában végzett helyismereti munka dimenziói így kitágultak. Több innovatív mintaprojektet dolgoztak ki, többek között a nyirádi iskola névadójának, Erzsébet királyné hagyományait feldolgozó olvasópályázatot, tematikus gyermekmajálisokat, a Nem csak térkép e táj! – falunk értékei projektet, a Nyirád helytörténeti akadályjátékot, Várhódítás – Akadályjátékokat, a Virtuális? Valóság! digitális sétálófüzetet. Az iskola jógyakorlatainak ismertetésén túl, annak módszertani eszköztárát, az alkalmazás lehetőségeit is érdemes megismerni. Miért hasznos a digitális tolltartó, milyen izgalmas lehet egy aktív szófelhő, hogyan kapcsolódnak a QR kódok a digitális sétálófüzethez, milyen sokrétű alkalmazási lehetősége van a triminonak, mi a jó akadályjáték titka? A bemutatott ötletek, módszertani javaslatok bárki számára tudnak hasznosulni, ha azt saját településére, iskolájára szabja.
Tanulói motiváció vizsgálata a szövegértés fejlődését célzó kutatás háttérvizsgálataként
Authors: Horváthné Hidegh Anikó
Published: June 2023

A ma iskolájának figyelembe kell venni és reflektálnia kell a partneri, társadalmi igényekre, így foglalkozni kell egy nagyon fontos kulcskompetenciának a kialakításával, fejlesztésével, ez pedig a szövegértés. 2021-től zajlik a szerző iskolájában a szövegértés és a matematika eszközhasználat fejlesztése érdekében egy új módszertani alkalmazás, a szerző kutatómunkájának részeként öt éven át (HIDEGH, 2021). Több kutató is bizonyította, hogy a motiváció hatással van a teljesítményre (DECI-RYAN,2000, BENKE, 2018). Ezért, a vizsgálatok közé illesztett egy motivációs mérést és megvizsgálta tanulóik motivációs jellemzőit. Az ötéves kutatás egyik része, háttere a tanulási motiváció vizsgálata a fenti mérések célcsoportjaiban. A kérdőíveket 174 fő felső tagozatos tanuló töltötte ki. A kérdőív eredményeinek elemzése reális, és inkább pozitív eredményeket mutatott ki a tanulók körében. Ezeket a területeket tovább szükséges erősíteni. Kimutathatóvá váltak fejlesztendő területek is, melyeket érdemes átgondolni és fejlesztési/intézkedési tervet alakítani ki erre a körre, hiszen befolyással lehetnek a tanulási motivációra. A kialakításra kerülő intézkedési terv minden pontja szerepel az eredeti ötéves kutatási terv céljai között. Mindezek alapján megállapítható, hogy a fő kutatás eredetileg kitűzött céljainak, módszertanának, gyakorlatának megfelelősége, relevanciája ennek a motivációs vizsgálatnak a kapcsán is beigazolódott. Így gyakorlata megerősödve haladhat tovább a kitűzött célok felé.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION DIPTHERIA CASES IN KEDIRI DISTRICT IN 2022
Authors: Sari Nofita
Published: June 2023

Background: Diphtheria is a type of infectious disease that can be prevented by immunization. The cause of diphtheria is the toxigenic strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. East Java is the province with the most diphtheria cases in Indonesia. The number of diphtheria cases in East Java increased in 2018 by 695 cases. In 2019 diphtheria cases decreased to 358 cases, in 2020 to 94 cases, and in 2021 by 45 cases. Objective: Knowing the number of diphtheria cases and their prevention. Method: descriptive qualitative research with a case study approach. The definition of a case is a person with symptoms of fever, sore throat, swelling in the neck, and pseudomembranes. Data collection was conducted in five villages, namely Keling Village, Kanigoro Village, Kras Village, Jemekan Village, and Bogem Village in the period from October to November 2022. Results: Clinical symptoms, 100% or all five patients experienced symptoms of fever and sore throat as initial symptoms. Four patients had a fever as the initial symptom, and one started with a sore throat. 40% of patients had symptoms of neck swelling and shortness of breath. The five patients were also found to have pseudomembranes. Conclusion: There were 5 diphtheria suspects found in Kediri District in 2022. The clinical symptoms experienced by the five patients were fever, sore throat, neck swelling, shortness of breath, and pseudomembranes.
ANALISIS KETEPATAN KODE DIAGNOSIS NEOPLASMA DI RUMAH SAKIT TINGKAT III 03.06.01 CIREMAI CIREBON
Authors: Nurhasanah Ida , Nurcahyati Sri , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang : Kegiatan pengkodean merupakan pemberian penetapan kode dengan menggunakan huruf dan atau angka atau kombinasi antara huruf dan angka yang mewakili komponen data. Neoplasma merupakan suatu penyakit terkait dengan perkembangan jaringan abnormal akibat neoplasi, yaitu proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jaringan tubuh yang abnormal yang tumbuh aktif dengan sistem otonom (tidak terkendali). Tujuan penelitian : Untuk mengetahui ketepatan kode diagnosis neoplasma pada pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Tingkat III 03.06.01 Ciremai Cirebon. Metode penelitian : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh dokumen rekam medis kasus neoplasma pasien rawat inap pada bulan Januari-Maret 2021 dengan jumlah 62 dokumen dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dengan menggunakan lembar checklist. Hasil penelitian : Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh dari 62 dokumen rekam medis kasus neoplasma menunjukkan bahwa ketepatan kode morfologi sebesar 0%, ketidaktepatan kode morfologi sebesar 100%. Ketepatan kode topografi sebesar 45 (72,58%), ketidaktepatan kode topografi sebesar 17 (27,42%). Ketidaktepatan penulisan kode dikarenakan petugas coding kurang teliti dan terkadang ada tulisan dokter yang kurang jelas sehingga kesulitan petugas dalam membaca diagnosisnya.
EFEKTIVITAS DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia) SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTIDIABETES PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) GALUR WISTAR
Authors: Rollando Rollando , Afthoni Muhammad Hilmi , Cesa Fibe Yulinda , Monica Eva , Wibawanty Nurul Azmi
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang: Penyakit diabetes di Indonesia menduduki peringkat ketiga penyakit kronis terbanyak dengan prevalensi 5,6%. Terapi penyakit diabetes memerlukan waktu yang panjang dan memiliki resiko efek samping yang tinggi. Tanaman bihanong secara empiris digunakan untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah. Daun binahong memiliki metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang secara ilmiah dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah. Tujuan: Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh induksi ekstrak etanol daun binahong terhadap penurunan gula darah tikus putih galur Wistar. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah post test control group desaign yang menggunakan 25 ekor tikus dan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Dilakukan induksi streptozotocin (STZ) secara intraperitoneal dengan dosis 150 mg/KgBB untuk meningkatkan kadar glukosa pada hewan uji. Kontrol negatif diberikan 0,5% Na-CMC, kontrol positif diberikan glibenklamid, kelompok perlakuan I diberi ekstrak dengan dosis 80 mg/KgBB, kelompok perlakuan II dengan dosis 100 mg/KgBB, dan kelompok perlakuan III dengan dosis 120 mg/KgBB. Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dilakukan setelah penginduksian STZ dan pemeriksaan dilakukan setiap harinya. Kadar glukosa dalam darah dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc LSD. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa setiap kelompok memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan pada efek terapi  (p ≤ 0,05).  Simpulan: Konsentrasi yang direkomendasikan untuk memberikan efek penurunan kadar gula darah yaitu pada dosis 80 mg/KgBB.
KORELASI NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (NLR), SERUM GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE (SGOT) DAN SERUM GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE (SGPT) PADA PASIEN COVID-19 SEBAGAI INDIKATOR INFLAMASI ORGAN HATI
Authors: Hasanah Fathul Hidayatul , Wahyuni Sri , Sari Fita
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang: Aktivitas enzim hati Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) dan Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) akan meningkat ketika terjadi infeksi. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui korelasi NLR  terhadap SGOT dan SGPT pada Pasien Covid-19 Sebagai Indikator Inflamasi Organ Hati. Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan Study cross sectional dan tehnik sampling accidental. Responden berjumlah 38 pasien Covid-19 di rumah sakit Umum Daerah Nganjuk dengan kriteria inklusi pasien Covid-19 tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit liver dan kriteria ekslusi adalah pasien covid 19 dengan penyakit infeksi lain (Tuberculosis, Tipoid, demam dengue) dan penyakit autoimun. Hasil: Diperoleh nilai rata-rata NLR 7,0 >3,13 dengan 74% meningkat,Kadar rata-rata SGPT 58,5 UI dan 61% mengalami peningkatan, sedang rata-rata SGPT 46,7 UI dan 76% berada di rentang normal. Berdasarkan uji perason nilai NLR terhadap SGOT ( sig = 0,629 > 0,05 dan r = 0,081) dan  NLR terhadap SGPT (sig = 0,575 >0,05 dan r= 0,094). Simpulan: tidak ada korelasi antara NLR terhadap SGOT dan SGPT pada pasien Covid-19