bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coordination between binocular field and spontaneous self-motion specifies the efficiency of planarians’ photo-response orientation behavior
Authors: Akiyama Yoshitaro , Agata Kiyokazu , Inoue Takeshi
Published: September 2018

Eyes show remarkable diversity in morphology among creatures. However, little is known about how morphological traits of eyes affect behaviors. Here, we investigate the mechanisms responsible for the establishment of efficient photo-response orientation behavior using the planarian Dugesia japonica as a model. Our behavioral assays reveal the functional angle of the visual field and show that the binocular field formed by paired eyes in D. japonica has an impact on the accurate recognition of the direction of a light source. Furthermore, we find that the binocular field in coordination with spontaneous wigwag self-motion of the head specifies the efficiency of photo-responsive evasive behavior in planarians. Our findings suggest that the linkage between the architecture of the sensory organs and spontaneous self-motion is a platform that serves for efficient and adaptive outcomes of planarian and potentially other animal behaviors.
Evolutionarily-conserved MZIP2 is essential for crossover formation in mammalian meiosis
Authors: Zhang Qianting , Shao Jingchen , Fan Heng-Yu , Yu Chao
Published: September 2018

During meiosis, formation of crossovers—the physical links that ensure the segregation of homologous chromosomes—requires a group of evolutionarily conserved ZMM proteins. In budding yeast, three ZMM proteins, Zip2, Spo16, and Zip4, form a trimeric complex to bind recombination intermediates and promote crossover formation. Here, we show that MZIP2 is the mammalian ortholog of Zip2. Complete ablation of MZIP2 in mice caused sterility in both males and females, as well as defects in repairing meiotic DNA double-strand breaks. MZIP2 forms discrete foci on chromosomes axes, and is required for the localization of TEX11 (mammalian Zip4 ortholog) and another ZMM protein, MSH4, to form crossover-prone recombination intermediates. As a consequence, formation of crossovers is abolished and formation of synaptonemal complex is incomplete in MZIP2-null meiocytes, resulting in meiosis arrest at a zygotene-like stage. Our results suggest that the processing of early recombination intermediates toward mature crossovers is dependent on MZIP2.
Biosynthesis and isolation of selenoneine from genetically modified fission yeast
Authors: Turrini Nikolaus G , Kroepfl Nina , Jensen Kenneth B , Reiter Tamara C , Francesconi Kevin A , Schwerdtle Tanja , Kroutil Wolfgang , Kuehnelt Doris
Published: September 2018

Selenoneine, a naturally occurring form of selenium, is the selenium analogue of ergothioneine, a sulfur species with health relevance not only as a purported antioxidant but likely also beyond. Selenoneine has been speculated to exhibit similar effects. To study selenoneine's health properties as well as its metabolic transformation, the pure compound is required. Chemical synthesis of selenoneine, however, is challenging and biosynthetic approaches have been sought. We herein report the biosynthesis and isolation of selenoneine from genetically modified fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe grown in a medium containing sodium selenate. After cell lysis and extraction with methanol, selenoneine was purified by three consecutive preparative reversed-phase HPLC steps. The product obtained at the mg level was characterised by high resolution mass spectrometry, NMR and HPLC/ICPMS. Biosynthesis was found to be a promising alternative to chemical synthesis, and should be suitable for upscaling to produce higher amounts of this important selenium species in the future.
Dual photoredox and nickel-catalyzed desymmetric C–O coupling reactions: visible light-mediated enantioselective synthesis of 1,4-benzodioxanes
Authors: Zhou Quan-Quan , Lu Fu-Dong , Liu Dan , Lu Liang-Qiu , Xiao Wen-Jing
Published: September 2018

Chiral 2,2′-bipyridine ligands are key to success in an enantioselective desymmetric C–O cross coupling reaction via dual visible light photoredox and nickel catalysis, resulting in chiral 1,4-benzodioxanes under mild reaction conditions.
Early Permian age of granite pebbles from an Eocene or Oligocene conglomerate of the Internal Rif belt (Alboran domain, Morocco): hypothesis on their origin
Authors: Olivier Philippe , Paquette Jean-Louis
Published: September 2018

Granite pebbles from an Eocene or Oligocene conglomerate lying on a Ghomaride nappe of the Internal Zones of the Rif belt (Alboran domain, Morocco) have been dated by U/Pb on zircon at 281 Ma. No granite pluton being known in the Rif belt nor in the neighbouring Betic Cordillera, the origin of these calc-alkaline Kungurian (end of the Early Permian) granites is discussed. A provenance from a nearby unit presently drowned in the Alboran sea is likely. Comparisons with other circum-Mediterranean domains show that this late plutonism characterizes an original domain in the Variscan orogen.
Long-time resistivity monitoring of a freshwater/saltwater transition zone using the vertical electrode system SAMOS
Authors: Grinat Michael , Epping Dieter , Meyer Robert
Published: September 2018

In September 2009 two newly developed vertical electrode systems were installed in boreholes in the water catchment areas Waterdelle and Ostland at the North Sea island Borkum to monitor possible changes of the transition zone between the freshwater lens and the underlying saltwater. The vertical electrode systems, which were both installed between 44 m and 65 m below ground level, are used for geoelectrical multi-electrode measurements carried out automatically several times per day; the measurements are still ongoing. The whole system consisting of a vertical electrode system in a borehole and the measuring unit at ground level is called SAMOS (Saltwater Monitoring System).

At both locations the data show a clear resistivity decrease that indicates the transition zone between freshwater and saltwater. The depth of the transition zone as well as the kind of resistivity decrease is very stable since 2010.

Temporal changes are visible if single depths are considered. In 2015 Miriam Ibenthal used a vertical 2D density-dependent groundwater flow model to explain the long-term resistivity measurements and showed that the temporal changes at CLIWAT 2 (Ostland) could be explained by variations of the groundwater level, changing groundwater recharge rates and changing pumping rates of the nearby located drinking water supply wells.
Location changes of “Wydrzany” groundwater intake in polish part of the Uznam Island aimed at groundwater state improvement
Authors: Hoc Ryszard , Sadurski Andrzej , Wiśniowski Zenon
Published: September 2018

The water supply of the eastern part of the Uznam Island comes from two groundwater intakes: Zachód and Wydrzany. The threat to the resources part of the groundwater intake Wydrzany approach results from the progressive concentration of chloride ion, mainly in the southern part of the intake and locally in the central part of the water intake. After the launch of the intake at the end of the 1970s, the development of the water table depression, currently reaching the shore of the Lagoon, caused the frontal infiltration of the brackish waters of the Szczecin Lagoon into aquifers and a small amount of brine ascesion from the mesozoic strata. To determine the genesis of salinity, isotopic tests were carried out, including 37Cl chlorine isotopes. Water for the Szczecin Lagoon and groundwater, including the aquifer of the Cretceous, have been sampled.
Groundwater chemistry and origin of the visutla delta plain
Authors: Krawiec Arkadiusz , Sadurski Andrzej
Published: September 2018

River estuaries are peculiar areas from the point of view of their groundwater origins, frequently connected with the diversification of groundwater chemistry. In the area of the Vistula delta in a number of places, the increased concentration of chloride and fluoride ions has occurred (Kozerski et al. 1987). These issues have already been considered in the studies of Kozerski (1981), Kozerski and Kwaterkiewicz (1984, 1988). The origin of salt and brackish water in the area of Żuławy was already the subject of scientific research in the 1930s (Schroeder 1931), and subsequently continued by Sadurski (1985, 1989), Burzyński and Sadurski (1989), Zuber at al. (1990, 2000) and Krawiec (2013).
Ferruginous groundwaters as a source of P, Fe, and DIC for coastal waters of the southern Baltic Sea: (Isotope) hydrobiogeochemistry and the role of an iron curtain
Authors: Lipka Marko , Böttcher Michael E. , Wu Zijun , Sültenfuß Jürgen , Jenner Anna-K. , Westphal Julia , Dellwig Olaf , Escher Peter , Schmiedinger Iris , Winde Vera , Struck Ulrich
Published: September 2018

We report first results from a study on water and element exchange across the land-ocean boundary at the southern Baltic Sea. The focus is set on ferruginous fresh ground waters escaping at the shore line, flowing in air contact before entering a subterranean mixing zone with brackish Baltic Sea water. The present study combines the results from multiple sampling campaigns that investigated the composition of several springs as well as the surface and subsurface development of fresh waters on the way to the Baltic Sea. This is achieved by a combination of hydroand solid-phase geochemical and stable isotope measurements with ground water dating. Results are compared to the composition of groundwaters recovered from wells in the catchment area and the local isotope meteoric water line developed for Warnemünde. The spring water is shown to be impacted by the dissolution of biogenic carbon dioxide and marine carbonate as well as the oxidation of pyrite in glacial sediments. Dating yields a surprisingly high diversity between some closely associated springs with average ages of about 25 to 32 years, but different mixing proportions with older tritium-free ground-water.
Seawater intrusion due to pumping mitigated by natural freshwater flux: a case study in Władysławowo, northern Poland
Authors: Pruszkowska-Caceres Małgorzata , Szymkiewicz Adam , Jaworska-Szulc Beata , Przewłócka Maria , Gomuła-Kawęcka Anna , Potrykus Dawid
Published: September 2018

The paper presents a case study of seawater intrusion into a coastal aquifer, caused by a groundwater intake located close to the seashore in Władysławowo, northern Poland. Evolution of the basic hydrogeochemical parameters for the 50-year period from 1964 to 2014 indicates progressing encroachment of saline seawater into the aquifer. However, the spatial pattern of salinity was influenced by the variability of hydraulic gradient in fresh water discharging from aquifer to the sea. As a consequence, significant changes in salinity occurred in the directions both perpendicular and parallel to the coastline.
Freshening of salinized groundwater in Gdańsk Quaternary aquifer
Authors: Przewłócka Maria , Jaworska-Szulc Beata , Kozerski Bohdan , Pruszkowska-Caceres Małgorzata , Szymkiewicz Adam , Kwaterkiewicz Andrzej
Published: September 2018

The main Quaternary aquifer in the Gdańsk region connects directly with salt waters of the Martwa Wisła River and the Gulf of Gdańsk. This aquifer has been used for many years by large municipal and industrial intakes located on the marine lowlands, with maximum output 6236 m3/h in 1985. Owing to an intensive exploitation, groundwater in the area of the Old Gdańsk has been salinized by intrusion of salt water from the Martwa Wisła River. Concentration of chlorides in some wells reached 2000-3000 mgCl/dm3, leading to degradation of groundwater resources in this area. As a consequence the “Grodza Kamienna” groundwater intake had to be put out of operation. Salt water intrusion from the Gulf of Gdańsk was provoked in 1970s and 1980s by overexploitation of groundwater resources by three municipal intakes situated on the marine terrace. Concentration of chlorides in some piezometers of the “Czarny Dwór” groundwater intake amounted to 700 – 1000 mgCl/dm3, however in the pumping wells of the intake it never exceeded the drinking water standards. In 1990s groundwater pumping rates in both areas were lowered. As a result, the chloride concentration decreased and the resources started to recover. Current observations prove that groundwater of the main Quaternary aquifer is freshening and salt water intrusion has stopped. However, elevated concentrations of chlorides are observed in the shallow aquifer, due to anthropopressure.
Development and application of diagnostic tools for seawater intrusion analysis in highly heterogeneous coastal aquifers
Authors: Adil Sbaï M. , Amraoui N.
Published: September 2018

We developed novel, computationally efficient, methods as effective screening tools to analyze seawater intrusion processes in highly heterogeneous coastal aquifer systems. They enable delineation of pumping wells capture zones and swept zones associated to injection wells for remediation of seawater encroachment. Forward or backward travel times and residence time distributions are robustly simulated and visualized on the computational grid. These steady-state indicators, precomputed at fine grids, are used to generate optimal locally refined grids for efficient transient solute transport simulations.
Introduction to soft matter and neutron scattering
Authors: Oberdisse Julian
Published: September 2018

As an opening lecture to the French-Swedish neutron scattering school held in Uppsala (6th to 9th of December 2016), the basic concepts of both soft matter science and neutron scattering are introduced. Typical soft matter systems like self-assembled surfactants in water, microemulsions, (co-)polymers, and colloids are presented. It will be shown that widely different systems have a common underlying physics dominated by the thermal energy, with astonishing consequences on their statistical thermodynamics, and ultimately rheological properties – namely softness. In the second part, the fundamentals of neutron scattering techniques and in particular small-angle neutron scattering as a powerful method to characterize soft matter systems will be outlined.
Block copolymer electrolytes for fuel cells and secondary batteries, the small angle neutron scattering inputs
Authors: Rubatat Laurent
Published: September 2018

This paper aims at giving an overview on the importance of scattering, and more specifically neutron scattering, for probing the nanomorphology of polymer electrolytes made of block copolymers. Two types of self-assembled polymer electrolyte materials will be discussed: (i) the ionomer membranes used in fuel cell and (ii) the solid polyelectrolytes used in secondary batteries. Both are used to physically separate the electrodes in the respective electrochemical devices and are expected to have a high ion transport capacity so as good chemical and mechanical stabilities. Unfortunately, in most cases improving one property leads to the degradation of the others. Nonetheless, through block copolymers selfassembly it is possible to tackle this issue; indeed, antagonist properties can be decoupled and associated within controlled nano-morphologies. This aspect will be discussed and supported by examples based on published studies; in parallel useful scattering analytical tools and models will be presented along the paper and detailed in annex.
Inelastic and quasi-elastic neutron scattering. Application to soft-matter
Authors: Berrod Quentin , Lagrené Karine , Ollivier Jacques , Zanotti Jean-Marc
Published: September 2018

Microscopic dynamical events control many of the physical processes at play in condensed matter: transport, magnetism, catalysis and even function of biological assemblies. Inelastic (INS) and Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering (QENS) are irreplaceable probes of these phenomena. These experimental techniques reveal the displacements of atoms and molecules over distances spanning from angstroms to a few tens of nanometers, on time scales ranging from a fraction of picoseconds to microseconds. In this context, the different INS and QENS machines (Time-of-Flight (ToF), Backscattering (BS) and Neutron spin-echo (NSE)) stand at a central position. After introducing an underlying basic theoretical toolbox for neutron scattering, the principles and key elements of a ToF measurement are described. While, here, we mainly focus on disk choppers spectrometers, all the INS/QENS instruments share a common ground: they directly and simultaneously probe correlation functions in both time and space, so that the scattering vector (Q) dependence of the systems characteristic time(s) can be measured. To illustrate, the potentialities of the technique in the field of soft-matter, we show a multiscale approach of the dynamics of a polymer melt. The system is probed from the molecular to the mesoscopic scale (1 ps to 0.6 μs and 0.1 to 40 nm), in bulk and under nanometric confinement. We address the different dynamical modes of a high mass entangled polymer chain: local monomer dynamics, Rouse modes up to the reptation process. This study exemplifies that, used in conjunction with hydrogen/deuterium isotopic effects, high resolution QENS can be bridged to the Zero Average Contrast (ZAC) method to probe, in a non destructive way, the dynamics of a single polymer chain in bulk but also under severe nanometric confinement. Connection and complementarity of the neutron derived analysis with Pulsed-Field Gradient and Relaxation NMR techniques are discussed.
Identification of Good China Steel Manufacturer for Industry
Authors: Othman Idris , Azlam Muhamad Hafiz , Mohamad Hisham , Shafiq Nasir , Napiah Madzlan
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research study was to identify Good China Steel Manufacturer for Industry. Since 1990s, China’s Steel manufacture rapidly improve the output of the Steel Supply. In 2003, accumulated annual production by China’s Steel Manufacture exceeding 200million tons of Steel surpass others traditional Steel Manufacture likely Western Europe, India and Japanese Steel Manufacture. In China, there are Steel Manufacture that capable to produce the Steel Material follow World Class quality similar with reputable steel manufacture in Japan and Western Europe, however due to people general sceptical opinion on the China product, people perception that all China product is low quality without proper investigate on their capability and ability to supply the Steel Material for industry. In the project that related to steel product i.e Steel Bridge, offshore steel Jacket and Platform, pipeline, 40%-50% of Contract price is liaise with procurement of material. Utilizing China Steel Product envisage potential cost saving of 10%-20% to the overall Project cost that give advantage for both Contractor and Customer in reducing the overall cost of project. This paper aims to outline a research project for developing both information and technical requirements to identify good China Steel Manufacture via literature review, questionnaire survey, focus group, and audit report by reputable organization. The project results, will act as solid platform for Contractor and vendor to identify potential Steel Vendor for their project. It will support the decision-making process with respect to, quality, safety enhancement and assurance of quality to utilize China Steel Product for a project.
Activity Reduction of 232Th and 40K from Simulated Underground Water Using a Clay-Based Membrane
Authors: Abubakar Muazu , Ahmad Norhayati
Published: September 2018

In this research, the activities of 232Th and 40K in simulated underground water were reduced using inexpensive clay-based membrane. Starch (10 and 15 wt%) was added to the clay, compacted and fired up to 1300°C to produce the porous membranes. The characterization of the raw clay and the produced membranes was conducted using XRF, XRD, TGA/DTA, BET and FESEM. The activities of 232Th and 40K in the waste and permeated water were counted using gamma spectroscopy. The produced membranes were having pore sizes in the range 39.68-46.10nm; from the BET isotherm, it shows the membranes produced are mesoporous. Also, the steady flux of the filtered water was found to be in the range 3.83×10-7-1.77×s10-6 m3m-2s-1. Activities of thorium and potassium in the permeated water were found to be 4.57-5.61 Bq/l and 15.49-25.19 Bq/l respectively. This shows that inexpensive clay can be used to reduce the activities of thorium and potassium in underground water from mining, fracking and produced water from oil and gas.
Assessing Noise Pollution and its Impact on Student’s Blood Pressure and Their Learning Performance in Palestine
Authors: Hustim Muralia , El Zaza Alaa , Al Madhoun Wesam , Heen Ziad Abu , Aly S Hamid , Ramli Muhammad Isran
Published: September 2018

The aim of this research was to assess noise pollution trends and to examine the relationship between noise levels and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), pulse rate and the students’ performance at several Palestinian preparatory and secondary schools. Noise levels were monitored at 41 preparatory and secondary schools in Gaza, Palestine. Trends were compared among schools and with the world health organization (WHO) standards as well. Student’s blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and pulse rate were recorded for (432) students, (184 male /248 female). The readings were taken before and after exposure to noise at schools’ environment for at least four hours, where the age of these students were between (13-17) years. In order to investigate the effect of noise on the student’s blood pressure, pulse rate and performance, an experiment was conducted on two groups of students, the first was controlled group and the second was trial. In this study, two devices were used, the sound level meter, and the mercurial pressure device. T-test was performed to investigate correlation among the variables. The results show that the noise levels range from 49.0 to 67.5 dB, where Bashir Rayes Secondary Girls School had the highest level of noise while Kafr Qasim Secondary Girls School had the lowest level of noise. The results showed also that there is a positive correlation between noise exposure and the students blood pressure, pulse rate and achievement.
Interpretation of CBR Test Results Based on the Rapid Impact Compaction Electro-Mechanic System Model
Authors: Beddu Arifin , Samang Lawalenna , Harianto Tri , Muhiddin Achmad Bakri
Published: September 2018

In order to understand the mechanical properties of the compaction results and to optimize the relevant energy design of the repeated Rapid Impact Compaction (RIC), a series of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were performed on the compaction sample with RIC electro-mechanic system. In this laboratory test, samples were compacted at various RIC impact energy levels. A mass of different weight and various of falling height was used to compact the samples in a CBR cylindrical test. The mass was repeatedly dropped on the anvil plate with a frequency of 30-40 blows per minute. The compaction process carried out by varying number of blows from 5 to 35 for each compacted sample, and all compaction processes were controlled by electro-mechanic new development system. The test results represented that there was a variation of CBR value at the same RIC energy levels. The CBR values at the same energy level with the larger number of blow increased higher in lighter mass, whereas than the RIC energy level for larger masses with the smaller number of blows also occurred with the same trend to the result of relative compaction density test. This advantages that with a better understanding of RIC mechanisms and relevant energy designs, it is a new practical idea to improve compaction degree as well as CBR value on fill construction works with appropriate equipment and lower energy consumption.
Probabilistic Assessment of Bored Pile Wall: A Slope Stabilisation Technique
Authors: Qasim Sadaf , Kazmi Danish , Harahap Indra S.H. , Imran Muhammad , Sandhu Abdul Razzaque
Published: September 2018

One of the potential applications of bored piles is the construction of a retaining wall where the piles are closely installed and the spacing between them is often grouted to build a waterproof retaining wall. Based on previous experience, it is observed that the selection of an appropriate retaining structure is crucial to the strength and stability of a structure, provided that the design of retaining structure is adequate and it satisfies the structural requirements. This study considers a Malaysian slope, Bukit Antarabangsa, to perform the probabilistic stability analysis of bored piles. Statistical tools of FORM and Monte Carlo are used to demonstrate the influence of soil parameters on the reliability levels of structure. This paper also presents the load and resistance factors which are developed to counter the rotational and flexural failure modes of a bored pile wall. It is expected that this study will provide a support to the Malaysian geotechnical industry to integrate a reliability-based design for slope construction.
Optimal Survey Design for Offshore Deformation Monitoring
Authors: Rayson Martin W. , Kamaruddin Noor Safaruddin , Mahmud Mohd Razali
Published: September 2018

Monitoring deformation experienced by facilities engaged in offshore hydrocarbon extraction is important to understanding any structural integrity changes a production and development asset may suffer. Facilities can be platform or seabed based depending upon water depth and environment in which the assets are situated. There have been some well document case studies showing different survey techniques being used to undertake such monitoring campaigns in a variety of different settings, and reference is made to these publications.
This research takes a step back to examine the problem from a Geomatics perspective. This is achieved by firstly, developing mathematical model(s) showing all the deformation parameters a facility will experience and secondly, determining an optimal survey design that will measure the deformation parameters to required quality measure tolerance. This includes consideration of coordinate system usage and the actual survey observation campaign. The optimal observation scheme is described by the selection of where survey control stations will be located, and the observations made between the stations to measure the deformation parameters of the model. Next, consideration is given to the error budget the observations must operate within to develop the stochastic model incorporate into the survey design. The dynamic deformation model must include the rates of change a facility is expected to experience within each of the directional vectors of the model (e.g. pitch, roll, yaw and heave) and the statistical tolerance to which they are required. The results of the survey design will compute aposteriori matrices from which the classical quality measures are derived. The computational process enables multiple scenarios to be examined to help determine optimal observation schemes for individual facilities in different offshore environments. Finally, current technologies are examined to determine which are best suited to measure the rates of change built into the deformation model to the quality tolerances specified. The final observation scheme will recommend an optimal combination of technologies to best determine subsidence rates for different offshore environments.
Relationship between Shear Wave Velocity and SPT-N Value for Residual Soils
Authors: Bawadi Nor Faizah , Jafri Nur Jihan Syamimi , Mansor Ahmad Faizal , Ab Rahim Mohd Asri
Published: September 2018

The shear wave velocity (Vs) is an important dynamic parameter in the field of geotechnical engineering. One of the surface wave methods is Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) has received attention in obtaining the shear wave velocity (Vs) profile by analysing the dispersion curve. SASW is a non-destructive test, fast and time-effective for field survey. Thus, this paper proposed the application of SASW method to obtain the shear wave velocity (Vs) to represent the soil profile. This paper aims to determine the shear wave velocity (Vs) profile using SASW method, where the testing has been conducted at three site of residual soils located in Damansara, Kuala Lumpur and Nilai area. In this study, it shows that the soil profile obtained from shear wave velocity value is similar pattern with profile that obtained using Standard Penetration Testing (SPT), which conventional used in field. The shear wave velocity are proportionally increase with depth.
Preliminary Rheological Characterization of Tyre Derived Crumb Rubber Blended with Kuwaiti Bitumen
Authors: Zoorob Salah E. , Al-Bahar Suad
Published: September 2018

This paper presents results from a preliminary laboratory investigation that was carried out in order to determine the suitability of Kuwaiti standard 60/70pen grade bitumen for blending with locally sourced discarded tyre derived crumb rubber. High temperature blending was trialled using three types of truck tyres at 7.5%, 15% and 30% rubber content by mass of bitumen. A number of basic characterization tests were carried out including; penetration, softening point, viscosity, tension-relaxation, solvent extraction and glass transition temperature determination. Overall, the results indicate that regardless of the tyre type, blending up to 30% rubber at the correct temperature and blending time can produce a rheologically improved binder that has potential to withstand the extreme asphalt road surfacing temperatures sustained during the hot summer seasons in the State of Kuwait.
Effect of Hydrated Lime and Portland Cement on Asphalt Binders using DSR
Authors: Sutanto Muslich , Bala Nura , Al Chodri Fahmi , Sunarjono Sri
Published: September 2018

Bituminous binder modification has been acknowledged as one of the methods to improve asphalt pavement quality. This study is focussing on investigating the effect of Portland cement and hydrated lime on asphalt pavement of which different percentages (4%, 6% and 8% by weight of bitumen binder) were added to the control 60/70 pen grade bitumen. The effect of the two additives were evaluated through penetration, softening point and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests. Temperature ranges of 20°C - 40°C were used for the DSR rheological testing. The results showed that addition of both hydrated lime and Portland cement had a significant influence on the binder properties. A reduction in penetration and increase in softening point temperature were observed with increase in additive content, this indicates improvement in stiffness and rutting resistance. Also, the DSR rheological analysis shows that the modified binders have higher rutting resistance.
Comparison Between Biphasic and Triphasic Model for Predicting the Elastic Modulus of Concrete
Authors: Aouissi Fatima , Yang Chung-Chia , Brahma Abdelamalek , Zorkane Omar
Published: September 2018

The concrete is a composite material which, on the scale of the microstructure, can be considered as consisting of three phases: the matrix, the inclusions and the interface transition zone. The latter has features that reduce the properties of concrete and therefore limits its performance. Thus, with such complex structures, this zone is the weakest zone of the composite. The evaluation of the effective behavior of composite using predictive models requires a consideration of this zone. In this context an approach based on the model of double inclusion and on the Mori Tanaka theory to predict the elastic modulus of concrete are used. This approach will be compared with some analytical biphasic model such as Reuss model, Voigt model, the Voigt and Reus combined models and Hashin and Shtrikman (HδS) models. Many experimental results are considered in the confrontation. So the model developed predicts very satisfactorily the elastic modulus of the concrete unlike other models in which a discrepancy in the results is demonstrated in the majority of cases.
Behavioral Study of RC Beams Designed for Shear Using CFP and ACI Code Models
Authors: Ayub Tehmina , Khan Sadaqat Ullah , Mahmood Wajeeha
Published: September 2018

Compressive Force Path concept is a proposed shear design method to explain shear behavior in reinforced concrete beams. This concept identifies 04 behaviors based on the shear span to beam depth (a/d) ratio and provides detailed shear design and transverse reinforcement detailing procedure for each behavior. Therefore, author of this paper intended to use this concept as a practical tool for the designing of RC beams particularly for Type II (2 ≤ a/d < 5) and Type III (1 < a/d < 2) behaviors to validate the concept. Total 08 beams of 100×200×1800 mm size beams were cast; out of which, 04 beams were designed according to ACI Code approach while, rest were designed and detailed using CFP concept strategy. The beam sizes in this study are identical and all parameters are constant except shear span 'a'. The two-point loading test results of RC beams showed that the shear resistance of concrete is better estimated by the CFP concept with a good prediction of cracks pattern, load carrying capacity and actual behavior of the beams in shear as compared to the beams designed according to ACI Code approach. However, most of the beams, particularly a/d ratio less than 4.44 were observed to be deficient in serviceability and failed in shear in spite of attaining theoretical predicted loads.
Tensile Behaviour of MWCNTs-Modified Epoxy Grout for Pipeline Repair
Authors: Arifin Hanis Hazirah , Zainal Nurfarahin , Zardasti Libriati , Yahya Nordin , Lim Kar Sing , Lai Jian Wey , Md Noor Norhazilan
Published: September 2018

Infill material in the pipeline repair system works by filling the gap that is usually caused by corrosion before the fibre wrapper can be applied for pipeline recovery. In this study, nanocomposites were prepared by adding a small amount of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to an existing commercial epoxy resin grout aiming to evaluate their behaviour regarding neat epoxy grout as infill material in composite repair for steel pipeline subjected to external metal loss. The dispersion of the nanoparticles in the epoxy resin has been conducted through ultrasonic and calendaring technique. The results of modified epoxy grout were compared to neat epoxy grout to identify if the MWCNTs are advantageous to existing materials. By comparing the results, 0.5% of MWCNT filler has significantly improved the strength by almost 53.3%. In addition, the results also indicate that MWCNT filler has increased the modulus of elasticity of the infill material. Furthermore, the morphologies image displayed that MWCNTs has been well merged into the matrix, and made the fracture cross section rougher through sharing the stress. Therefore, it demonstrated the intrinsic potential of the CNTs in modifying the properties of the composites.
Instability Criteria for Vehicles in Motion Exposed to Flood Risks
Authors: Shah Syed Muzzamil Hussain , Mustaffa Zahiraniza , Kim Do Kyun , Yusof Khamaruzaman Wan
Published: September 2018

Flooded roads have somewhat become a norm to the society and among the damages that floods can pose, there are fatalities and harm caused to people. Floating debris such as vehicles, manipulated by floodwaters could potentially cause harm not only to the public safety but also towards the public and private-owned properties. In the past, research on vehicle’s instabilities have been solely dedicated to static vehicles which are normally translated as vehicles parked on road surface. A vehicle when exposed to floodwater get influenced by different hydrodynamic forces and becomes prone to different instability modes, namely sliding, floating and toppling. Outcomes on such modes are somehow recognised in the works on static vehicles, but the mechanics of a moving vehicle under such influences have not been studied. Herein the influence of floodwater flows on the vehicle attempting to cross a flooded path (partial submergence) is presented. With that regards, a non-stationary model vehicle with the scale ratio of 1:10 (Perodua Viva) was used and a series of experiments were conducted. Moreover, a new formula to estimate the incipient velocity for a moving vehicle has been introduced and the prediction accuracy of the proposed formula has been validated using experimental data. Measurements were taken including approaching velocities and water depths, through which the instability was computed.
The Role of YouTube Media as a Means to Optimize Early Childhood Cognitive Development
Authors: Asmiarti Dwi , Winangun Guntur
Published: September 2018

Early childhood cognitive development is formed faster in the first four years of life. YouTube as a video-based application media is used as a means to optimize children’s cognitive development by some parents. The objective of this study was to determine the role of YouTube media in optimizing cognitive development in early childhood. The method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and observations to parents of YouTube media users as a means of optimizing a more optimal development in aspects of imagination, language, curiosity, and concentration. Thus it can be concluded that YouTube media can be used as a means to optimize cognitive development in early childhood.
Development of Natural Science Learning Media in Primary School Using Flash Applications to Increase Student’s Achievement
Authors: Mustafidah Hindayati , Imani Muhammad Gilang Audi , Sriyanto  , Suwarsito
Published: September 2018

The negative impact of the development of information technology in the form of smartphones triggers students lazy to learn. But the positive impact can increase student activity and learning achievement because students can play while learning. This was experienced by students of Qaryah Thayyibah Elementary School in Purwokerto, Indonesia. In the process of teaching and learning at the elementary school is still using books so that students’ interest in learning is lacking, especially science subjects. But on the other hand, students really like playing with their smartphones. This is the reason for doing research on the development of Android-based learning media using the Flash application. The method used in conducting this research is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC). The development of this multimedia method is carried out based on six stages, namely concept, design, collecting material, assembly, testing, and distribution. Based on the results of testing on students, using flash applications in science subjects can provide solutions to optimize student learning processes. This is evidenced by the increase in student scores by 7.275%, namely before using the application has an average value of 7.56 ± 0.726 and after using the learning media application increased to 8.11 ± 0.821.
Analysis of Elementary School Teachers’ Work Discipline at UPTD Education in Banyumanik, Semarang City
Authors: Afandi Muhamad , MS Zulela , Neolaka Amos
Published: September 2018

This study is aimed to describe the elementary school teachers’ work discipline at the UPTD Education in Banyumanik, Semarang City. The study involved 162 elementary school teachers. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire consisting of 30 statement items, and 5 indicators of work discipline for elementary school teachers. The findings showed that each indicator of discipline of time was very good (90.8), discipline of work was good (90.1), discipline in work atmosphere was very good (91.4), discipline in serving community was good (88,9), discipline of attitude and behavior was sufficient (75). Overall, the work discipline of elementary school teachers was good (87). These findings indicated that the elementary school teachers at the UPTD education in Banyumanik, Semarang City worked in well-discipline.
Association of Irisin Circulating Level with Diabetic Retinopathy: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Tarboush Nafez Abu , Abu-Yaghi Nakhleh E , Al Ejeilat Laith H , Wahed Rawand K. Abdel , Jeris Issa N
Published: September 2018

Obesity and obesity induced type 2 diabetes development and progression have been associated with sedentary lifestyle. Irisin, a newly discovered myokine, has been demonstrated at lower levels in obese and type 2 diabetes patients compared to controls. The main aim of this study is to explore association of Irisin with diabetic retinopathy (DR). A total of 233 healthy and adults participated in this study. Participants were divided into four categories: a healthy control group and an age-match subset of patients with type 2 diabetes; a positive control group of patients with type 2 diabetes not affected by DR (No DR); and patients with type 2 diabetes affected by DR (non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR)). Plasma samples were quantified for Irisin measurement, lipid profile and HbA1c. Comparison of the age-matched groups of healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes revealed lower Irisin plasma level in type 2 diabetes group. Analyses revealed negative correlations of Irisin to HbA1c and LDL levels and positive correlation to HDL level. Comparing Irisin level in No DR and DR groups revealed a higher level in No DR group and analysis per DR classification indicated higher Irisin level in NPDR group. Our results demonstrate not only correlation of plasma Irisin level with DR stages, but also significantly different Irisin level among them. This is promising in terms of researching Irisin as a potential associating marker for type 2 diabetes and DR development and progression.
Multicomponent Polymerization of Alkynes, Sulfonyl Azide, and Iminophosphorane at Room Temperature for the Synthesis of Hyperbranched Poly(phosphorus amidine)s
Authors: Hu Rongrong , Tang Ben , Xu Liguo , Yang Kou
Published: September 2018

The construction of functional hyperbranched polymers with unique topological structures and distinct properties remains a great challenge. Multicomponent polymerization, as a fascinating polymer synthetic approach, has proved to be a powerful tool for the synthesis of polymers with diverse structures and multifunctionalities, which is a great advantage for the preparation of hyperbranched polymers. In this work, a multicomponent polymerization of alkynes, sulfonyl azide, and iminophosphorane is utilized for the construction of heteroatom-rich hyperbranched poly(phosphorus amidine)s with different topological structures and fluorescence response toward platinum group metal ions.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Fluorescent Dianthraceno­indacene
Authors: Haley Michael , Frederickson Conerd , Barker Joshua , Dressler Justin , Zhou Zheng , Hanks Evan , Bard Jeremy , Zakharov Lev , Petrukhina Marina
Published: September 2018

A freely soluble dianthracenoindacene derivative has been synthesized using an ‘inside-out’ Friedel–Crafts alkylation method and is the first fluorescent diacenoindacene reported. Linear fusion of the anthracenes is confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies on the neutral molecule as well as its dianion. Based on predictions from our previous studies, this is also the least antiaromatic diacenoindacene derivative yet to be prepared, which is reflected in its highly negative and irreversible reduction. With its paratropicity essentially eliminated, we posit that the molecule is no longer deactivated by a conical intersection, typical of antiaromatic molecules, and therefore fluorescence is restored. This follows the trend shown in the related dianthracenopentalenes, with the reappearance of fluorescence when the outer acene groups are extended to linearly-fused anthracene moieties.
Monitoring Criteria of Intracranial Lesions in Children Post Mild or Moderate Head Trauma
Authors: Boetto Sergio , Sevely Annick , Sol Jean-Christophe , Chaix Yves , Cheuret Emmanuel , Jacquet Coralie
Published: September 2018

Head injury is the most common cause of child traumatology. However, there exist no treatment guidelines in children having intracranial lesions due to minor or moderate head trauma. There is little knowledge about monitoring, clinical exacerbation risk factors, or optimal duration of hospitalization. The aim of this retrospective study is to find predictive factors in the clinical course of non-severe head trauma in children, and thus to determine an optimal management strategy. Poor clinical progress was observed in only 4 out of 113 children. When there are no clinical signs and no eating disorders, an earlier discharge is entirely appropriate. Nevertheless, persistent clinical symptoms including headache, vomiting, and late onset seizure, especially in conjunction with hemodynamic disorders such as bradycardia, present a risk of emergency neurosurgery or neurological deterioration. Special attention should be paid to extradural hematoma (EDH) of more than 10 mm, which can have the most severe consequences. Clinical aggravation does not necessarily correlate with a change in follow-up imaging. Conversely, an apparent increase in the brain lesion on the scan is not consistently linked to a pejorative outcome.
Transplantation und die Bedeutung für Konsiliar-und Liaisonpsychiatrie
Authors: Eser-Valeri D.
Published: September 2018

Die Organtransplantation stellt die effektivste Therapieoption bei terminalem Organversagen dar und ist häufig einzige Möglichkeit das Überleben betroffener Patienten zu sichern. Die Patienten sind nicht nur während der Wartezeit auf Transplantation, sondern auch im Rahmen des operativen Eingriffs und in der Nachsorge massiven psychischen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Die Prävalenz psychiatrischer Erkrankungen ist dementsprechend vor und nach Transplantation gesteigert und geht mit einem erhöhten Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsrisiko einher. Durch adäquate Diagnose und Therapie dieser Erkrankungen kann die Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie entscheidend dazu beitragen die Lebensqualität transplantierter Patienten zu verbessern und den Transplantationserfolg zu gewährleisten. Zudem ist es häufig Aufgabe der Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie, sowohl potenzielle Organempfänger, als auch Lebendspender hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung zur Transplantation bzw. Organspende zu evaluieren. Die psychopharmakologische Therapie nach Transplantation erfordert eine differenzierte Kenntnisse der Pharmakokinetik, Pharmakodynamik und möglicher Nebenwirkungen von Immunsuppressiva, sowie eine besondere Berücksichtigung möglicher Interaktionsprofile.
Effects of exercise on psychosocial outcomes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wiskemann J.
Published: September 2018

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an intense treatment to cure patients from leukemia or lymphoma. Prior, during, and after the transplantation procedure patients experience considerable physical, psychological and psychosocial distress. In light of the increasing number of successfully treated patients the need is growing for evidence-based adjuvant therapy options, which reduce treatment-related side effects and enhance the rehabilitation process. Due to its multidimensional effectiveness physical exercise might be a suitable intervention to counteract with HSCT-related side-effects.

Twenty-nine publications could be detected within a systematic literature search. The studies suggest that exercise training is an important therapeutic approach in the supportive care for HSCT patients. Significant benefits from the exercise interventions have been reported for physical performance and psychosocial parameter like quality of life (QoL), fatigue status and distress. Several other benefits, such as a more rapid immune recovery or alleviation of therapy- related side effects have been reported in some studies. Future studies should address existing methodological problems, identify further effect levels of physical exercise therapy and integrate a long-term perspective for the participants in the context of HSCT.