bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Determinants of Mating Success in Blackbuck under Semienclosed Condition: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
Authors: Saud Puja , Neupane Juna , Chalise Mukesh Kumar
Published: August 2022

Knowing reproductive behavior is important for establishing a viable population of nationally endangered blackbuck in Nepal. This study explored the behavioral events and states associated with copulatory mountings in blackbuck by focal animal sampling method under semienclosed conditions of Hirapurphanta within Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal. We recorded different behavioral initiations for the mating reproductive activities and the behaviors followed after copulatory mounting. Four dominant adult males were used as a subject. The highest number of copulatory mountings was observed during the months of February–March. Among the diurnal observational phases, the highest number of copulatory mountings was recorded during 9.00–12.00 hours followed by 15.00 hours onwards. Copulatory mounting was significantly preceded by sniffing the vulva of female and showing flehmen response, whereas copulatory mounting was followed by walking.
Immunohistochemical Features of Breast Cancer Seen in Women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Six-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Maseb’a Mwang Sulu Stanislas , Batalansi Donatien Babaka , Sulu Arnold Maseb Sul , Mukuku Olivier , Mboloko Justin Esimo , Mashinda Désiré Kulimba , Massamba Bienvenu Lebwaze , Tshimpi Antoine Wola
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The molecular classification of breast cancer (BC) based on gene expression and then protein profile has made it possible to distinguish different molecular subtypes. The objective of this study was to describe immunohistochemical features of BC infiltrating women at the Nganda Hospital Center in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods. A retrospective study from 2014 to 2019 involved 190 patients with invasive BC who were enrolled at the Nganda Hospital Center. The tumors were analyzed histologically and classified after an immunohistochemical study into subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpressed, and triple-negative. A chi-square test was performed to assess the relationship between age, histological grade, and these subtypes. Results. The luminal A subtype (44.74%) was the most common, followed by luminal B (40.53%), triple-negative (10.53%), and HER2-overexpressed (4.20%). The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 48.27 years. Of all cases, 94.21% were ductal, 2.63% were mucinous, and 2.11% were lobular. They were classified as grade I in 68.82% of the cases, grade II in 28.42% of the cases, and grade III in 3.16% of the cases. There was a significant association between histological grade and breast cancer subtypes (

p
<
0.0001

), but no correlation was found with age (

p
=
0.467

). Conclusion. In our BC patients, the luminal A was predominant, while HER2-overexpressed was the least found. A strong association was noted between histological grade and molecular subtypes. These results should allow for important clinical and policy implications for BC control in the DRC.
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Hybrid Piezoelectric-Magnetostrictive Energy-Harvesting Systems
Authors: Niazi K. , Parsi M. J. Kazemzadeh , Mohammadi M.
Published: August 2022

To progress the proficiency and broaden the action bandwidth of vibration energy harvesters, this paper presents a cantilever piezoelectric-magnetostrictive bistable hybrid energy harvester with a dynamic magnifier. The hybrid energy-harvesting system comprises two vibration degrees of freedom and two electrical degrees of freedom. It consists of a composite cantilever beam made of three layers, in which the magnetostrictive and piezoelectric layers are attached to the top and bottom of the base layer. The electromechanically coupled vibration equations of the whole hybrid structure were established with the lumped-parameter model while taking into account the magnetic interaction of two magnets. The nonlinear frequency-response of vibrations for the hybrid harvester is calculated using the harmonic balance method, and the model has been validated by literature. The time response and phase portraits of oscillation for the cantilever harvester and its performance in generating electrical power under different magnet distances, dynamic magnifier features, and excitation levels are analyzed. Numerical results have shown that the hybrid structure can harvest additional electrical power and operates at larger bandwidth than routine bistable piezoelectric or magnetostrictive energy harvesters.
Prosthetic Joint Infection due to Histoplasma capsulatum in a Patient from Trinidad: Workup, Pathology, and Treatment
Authors: Satalich James , Reznicek Julie , Bryson Alexandra , Pershad Prayag , Hooper Nicholas , Satpathy Jibanananda
Published: August 2022

Histoplasma capsulatum is a rarely reported cause of prosthetic joint infections. This current case report is of a patient from Trinidad, with a history of a right total knee replacement (TKR), who underwent a successful two-stage revision due to a Histoplasmosis capsulatum periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This case report offers a unique treatment plan to successfully treat Histoplasmosis capsulatum periprosthetic joint infections and emphasizes the importance of obtaining an accurate travel history.
Clinical Efficacy of Interventional Therapy on Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Xiao Deshuang , Song Jun
Published: August 2022

Objective. This study was designed to analyse the clinical efficacy of interventional therapy on lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO) and prognostic factors. Methods. A total of 122 patients with LEASO diagnosed in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Among them, 72 patients who received conservative therapy were assigned to a conservative group, and 50 patients who received interventional therapy additionally based on conservative therapy were assigned to an intervention group. The short-term (12 weeks after therapy) and long-term (3 years after therapy) clinical efficacies on the two groups were compared. Death, amputation, and vascular restenosis (

vascular
 
stenosis
>
50
%

in computed tomography reexamination) were defined as unfavourable outcomes, and Cox regression was conducted to analyze the factors influencing the prognosis of patients. The incidence of adverse events in the two groups within 3 years was compared and statistically analyzed. Additionally, the hospital stay, therapy cost, claudication distance, and ankle brachial index were compared between the two groups. Results. After therapy, the conservative group showed a notably lower total effective rate than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

), but the clinical efficacy after 3 years was similar between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). Additionally, the conservative group experienced notably longer hospital stay than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

), and cost less in treatment than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

). However, the conservative group experienced a notably shorter claudication distance and showed a notably lower ankle brachial index than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

). The two groups were not significantly different in mortality, amputation rate, and vascular restenosis rate (

P
>
0.05

). Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed that age and conservative therapy were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Interventional therapy can substantially improve the short-term efficacy and prognosis of patients with LEASO, but the cost is high, so the therapeutic regimen should be selected according to the patient’s economic condition.
An Immunogenic Model of KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer Enables Evaluation of Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy Combinations
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , de Carné Trécesson Sophie , Law Emily K. , Romero-Clavijo Pablo , Coelho Matthew A. , Ng Kevin W. , Mugarza Edurne , Moore Christopher , Rana Sareena , Caswell Deborah R. , Murillo Miguel , Hancock David C. , Argyris Prokopios P. , Brown William L. , Durfee Cameron , Larson Lindsay K. , Vogel Rachel I. , Suárez-Bonnet Alejandro , Priestnall Simon L. , East Philip , Ross Sarah J. , Kassiotis George , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Swanton Charles , Harris Reuben , Downward Julian
Published: August 2022

Mutations in oncogenes such as KRAS and EGFR cause a high proportion of lung cancers. Drugs targeting these proteins cause tumor regression but ultimately fail to elicit cures. As a result, there is an intense interest in how to best combine targeted therapies with other treatments, such as immunotherapies. However, preclinical systems for studying the interaction of lung tumors with the host immune system are inadequate, in part due to the low tumor mutational burden in genetically engineered mouse models. Here we set out to develop mouse models of mutant KRAS–driven lung cancer with an elevated tumor mutational burden by expressing the human DNA cytosine deaminase, APOBEC3B, to mimic the mutational signature seen in human lung cancer. This failed to substantially increase clonal tumor mutational burden and autochthonous tumors remained refractory to immunotherapy. However, establishing clonal cell lines from these tumors enabled the generation of an immunogenic syngeneic transplantation model of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma that was sensitive to immunotherapy. Unexpectedly, antitumor immune responses were not directed against neoantigens but instead targeted derepressed endogenous retroviral antigens. The ability of KRASG12C inhibitors to cause regression of KRASG12C -expressing tumors was markedly potentiated by the adaptive immune system, highlighting the importance of using immunocompetent models for evaluating targeted therapies. Overall, this model provides a unique opportunity for the study of combinations of targeted and immunotherapies in immune-hot lung cancer.

Significance:

This study develops a mouse model of immunogenic KRAS-mutant lung cancer to facilitate the investigation of optimal combinations of targeted therapies with immunotherapies.
STAT3 Activation as a Predictive Biomarker for Ruxolitinib Response in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Qureshy Zoya , Li Hua , Zeng Yan , Rivera Jose , Cheng Ning , Peterson Christopher N. , Kim Mi-Ok , Ryan William R. , Ha Patrick K. , Bauman Julie E. , Wang Steven J. , Long Steven R. , Johnson Daniel E. , Grandis Jennifer R.
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Increased activity of STAT3 is associated with progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Upstream activators of STAT3, such as JAKs, represent potential targets for therapy of solid tumors, including HNSCC. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of ruxolitinib, a clinical JAK1/2 inhibitor, in HNSCC preclinical models, including patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from patients treated on a window-of-opportunity trial.

Experimental Design:

HNSCC cell lines were treated with ruxolitinib, and the impact on activated STAT3 levels, cell growth, and colony formation was assessed. PDXs were generated from patients with HNSCC who received a brief course of neoadjuvant ruxolitinib on a clinical trial. The impact of ruxolitinib on tumor growth and STAT3 activation was assessed.

Results:

Ruxolitinib inhibited STAT3 activation, cellular growth, and colony formation of HNSCC cell lines. Ruxolitinib treatment of mice bearing an HNSCC cell line–derived xenograft significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with vehicle-treated controls. The response of HNSCC PDXs derived from patients on the clinical trial mirrored the responses seen in the neoadjuvant setting. Baseline active STAT3 (pSTAT3) and total STAT3 levels were lower, and ruxolitinib inhibited STAT3 activation in a PDX from a patient whose disease was stable on ruxolitinib, compared with a PDX from a patient whose disease progressed on ruxolitinib and where ruxolitinib treatment had minimal impact on STAT3 activation.

Conclusions:

Ruxolitinib exhibits antitumor effects in HNSCC preclinical models. Baseline pSTAT3 or total STAT3 levels in the tumor may serve as predictive biomarkers to identify patients most likely to respond to ruxolitinib.
Incubation parameters, offspring growth, and behavioral adaptations to heat stress of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) in a Neotropical inland colony (Aves, Charadriiformes, Laridae)
Authors: Schuchmann Karl-Ludwig , Schley Martin , Hegmann Mona , Deus Filipe Ferreira de , Tissiani Ana Silvia de Oliveira , Weller André-A. , Marques Marinêz Isaac
Published: August 2022

This study focuses on incubation parameters, egg morphometrics, and body mass development, hatching, and behavioral adaptations to heat stress within a colony of freshwater-breeding Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) located in the private nature reserve of Serviço Social do Comércio (SESC) in the northern Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Temperatures of nest, eggs, and surface substratum, as well as the development of embryos, were surveyed using thermal imaging, a method allowing digital recording from a distance and in a fraction of the time of traditional measuring techniques. The mean egg dimensions (n = 71) were 4.48 (± 0.13) × 3.27 (± 0.07) cm; the mean mass at hatching was 24.3 (± 1.9) g, with a significant decrease over incubation time. The mean surface temperature of eggs varied from 30.9℃ to 39.7℃, while the sand surface temperature was 20℃ at 06:00 h, rising to 47.7℃ at 11:00 h. There was a significant increase (7%) in egg surface temperature throughout incubation. Incubation-bout durations (n = 2108) were correlated with the microclimatic conditions of the substratum, becoming shorter with increasing sand-surface temperature around midday. Egg hatching lasted one day, and siblings hatched no more than 24 h apart. The mean body mass on Day 1 after hatching was 16.8 (± 1.6) g (n = 6). Three days after hatching, chicks moved to new sand depressions provided by parents near the original nest, where they remained motionless or tried to hide under riparian vegetation. The single chick that fledged had a growth rate of K = 0.117 and a t₁₀₋₉₀ value of 37.3 days. On Day 7, dorsal pintail feathers and primaries appeared, which were open on Day 15. After 14 days, the chick was able to regulate its body temperature, and no more feeding by parental birds during the daytime was observed. On Day 21, the immature plumage was fully developed. Fledging was completed on Day 27. Our study demonstrates that thermal imaging is a useful method of surveying egg and embryo development in the Black Skimmer, reducing nest disturbance and observation efforts.
Mémoires marginales et contre-récits : Patrick Chamoiseau et Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Champagnat Pauline
Published: August 2022

Notre article cherche à interroger, en s’appuyant sur l’idée soutenue par Zilá Bernd (2017), au sujet du rôle de l’écrivain pour combler les failles mémorielles, les œuvres suivantes : Texaco (1992), Un dimanche au cachot (2007), L’esclave vieil homme et le molosse (1997) de Patrick Chamoiseau, ainsi que Becos da memória (2017) et Ponciá Vicêncio (2017) de Conceição Evaristo. Nous compléterons nos propos à la lumière de deux essais : Écrire en pays dominé (1997) de Chamoiseau et Le discours antillais (1997), d’Édouard Glissant. Cela nous permettra, dans un premier temps, de réfléchir sur le lien entre écriture et résistances. Ainsi, la figure de l’écrivain qui récupère, sauvegarde les récits mis sous silence, se dessine comme la voix de ceux qui n’en ont pas et se propose de retracer les histoires diverses des « oubliés » de l’Histoire officielle. Nous réfléchirons également sur le lien entre oralité et mémoire collective, en nous appuyant sur la théorie de Jan Assman (2002). Ainsi, nous tenterons de comprendre comment pourraient se dessiner des lignes de recherches communes Caraïbes/Brésil, lesquelles, tout en tenant compte des disparités culturelles et géographiques, s’emploient à regrouper et entreprendre des réflexions autour d’axes thématiques communs.
Un sueño. A mi segundo hermano, de Juan Francisco Manzano
Authors: Oliveira Kamila Moreira de
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de tradução para o português do poema “Un Sueño. A mi segundo hermano”, do poeta cubano Juan Francisco Manzano. São discutidas as escolhas tradutórias de alguns pontos chave do poema, levando-se em consideração as língua de partida e chegada, o contexto em que o poema foi escrito e a composição da narrativa em dois níveis de sentido, de acordo com Pettway (2013), uma vez que a obra de Manzano pode se dirigir simultaneamente a dois leitores, a saber, o leitor branco e a comunidade escravizada.
Entrevista com Henrique Provinzano Amaral, por Vanessa Massoni da Rocha
Authors: Amaral Henrique Provinzano , Rocha Vanessa Massoni da
Published: August 2022

Nesta entrevista, realizada por escrito entre 2021 e 2022, a professora da UFF Vanessa Massoni da Rocha conversa com Henrique Provinzano Amaral, organizador e tradutor de "Estilhaços - antologia de poesia haitiana contemporânea".
A insinuação da homossexualidade negro-caribenha – "Comme deux frères" (2007) de Maryse Condé
Authors: Silva-Reis Dennys
Published: August 2022

O presente trabalho discute o texto Comme deux frères de Maryse Condé no que tange à poética da insinuação. A autora traz tanto na temática quanto na construção do texto dramático a questão da homossexualidade. Para comprovar isso, estuda-se, inicialmente, a relação da escritora com a homossexualidade, em seguida, expõe-se o que é o discurso machista antilhano e, por fim, examina-se em detalhes a construção textual da peça teatral. Vê-se que a poética da insinuação na obra se dá, em particular, pelos recursos do falso diálogo, de didascálias expressivas, dos diversos usos do ponto de reticencias e pelas metáforas sexuais. Nesse texto, Maryse Condé externa o tabu da homossexualidade antilhana dentro dos moldes de uma dramaturgia clássica de língua francesa.
Entre a fragmentação e a autodefinição: o entre-lugar permeado por Lucy, de Jamaica Kincaid
Authors: Carvalho Maria Do Carmo Moreira de , Lima Sara Regina de Oliveira
Published: August 2022

Homi K. Bhabha (1998) ao falar da noção do entre-lugar nos mostra que há um constante de identidades em trânsito. No processo diaspórico, ao habitar o “centro”, o sujeito que se localiza na “margem” tem a sua identidade fragmentada, resultado do "meio", o qual passa a ocupar. Seguindo essa linha de raciocínio, realizamos no presente trabalho a análise da novela Lucy, de Jamaica Kincaid (1994). Como ponto de partida da investigação, direcionamos o olhar para a formação da identidade da protagonista Lucy diante do entre-lugar/entre-meio, pensado por Bhabha (1998). Para isto, desenvolvemos um diálogo entre a fragmentação do sujeito em face do existir em dois extremos (o centro e a margem), com a concepção de autodefinição, elaborada por Patrícia Hill Collins (2019), e o de excentricidade, cunhado por Linda Hutcheon (1991). A partir da articulação teórica, evidenciamos que a identidade da personagem se constrói mediante a descentralização que, apesar de fragmentar o sujeito, desloca as identidades inatas e unificadas. Inferimos, portanto, que, embora habite o entre-meio que a indefine, Lucy recupera em si a identidade através da recusa do lugar designado a ela enquanto sujeito diaspórico.
"Frères migrantes", de Patrick Chamoiseau : l'intention humaniste
Authors: Bonnet Véronique , Amaral Henrique Provinzano , Oliveira Thiago Mattos de
Published: August 2022

Cet article examine comment, à partir du drame des migrants qui font route vers l’Europe, Frères migrants de Patrick Chamoiseau suggère la possibilité d’un « humanisme à la mesure du monde » (CÉSAIRE, 1973). L’essai manifeste une intention humaniste, sous la forme d’une bibliothèque intertextuelle qui perpétue tout à la fois la pensée de l’humanisme et l’esprit de la « sentimenthèque » figurant dans Écrire en pays dominé (CHAMOISEAU, 1997). Si le traitement inhumain  infligé aux migrants dévoile les angles morts de l’humanisme européen et rappelle les méthodes coloniales, la prise en compte fraternelle de ces derniers invite à repenser et à élargir l’humanisme. La médiatisation de l’essai se prolonge par la publication d’un recueil collectif Osons la fraternité ! Les écrivains aux côtés des migrants (CHAMOISEAU, LE BRIS, 2018) au sein duquel certains textes questionnent les apories de toute intention humaniste.
Das Antilhas para o globo: a pandemia zumbi
Authors: Avellar Philippe de
Published: August 2022

O zumbi já “nasceu” híbrido: com elementos africanos ancestrais, fundidos com o imaginário europeu e apropriados durante o período colonial como ferramenta de controle dos grupos de escravos, mais tarde desdobrados como leitura preconceituosa e limitadora das culturas antilhanas, e finalmente (com seus últimos acréscimos) atingindo em cheio o interesse do público ocidental — e do capitalismo —, o monstro concilia paradoxos conceituais e existenciais e aceita inúmeras camadas interpretativas, para uma vasta gama de pesquisas e reflexões das ciências humanas. Transbordando a mitologia para os campos da imprensa, da arte e do entretenimento, sempre mutuamente imbricados, o zumbi, fluido e contemporâneo, permite pensar a alteridade e a semelhança, e nubla limites que outros monstros tendem a manter intactos.
A escrita de Assia Djebar em diálogo com o pensamento geopoético de Édouard Glissant: uma leitura do romance La femme sans sépulture
Authors: Almeida Michelli da Silva , Dahlet Véronique Marie Braun
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações entre paisagem, memória e linguagem na obra La femme sans sépulture (2002), da autora argelina Assia Djebar, à luz da noção de Geopoética cunhada pelo escritor, poeta e ensaísta martiniquense Édouard Glissant. Essas três dimensões (paisagem, memória/tempo e linguagem), que caracterizam a concepção de Geopoética glissantiana, desembocam numa visão mais complexa da realidade política e sociocultural do mundo e possibilitam a reconstrução da História para além dos registros oficiais. Dessa forma, pretende-se apresentar uma leitura do romance sob esse olhar glissantiano, que, por meio da Poética da Relação, busca apreender o real a partir dessas três dimensões essenciais de compreensão do mundo e, assim, reescrever, através de várias histórias possíveis, o passado de países marcados pela colonização, tal como a Martinica de Glissant e a Argélia de Djebar.
Rituais em Desaparecimento
Authors: Vaz Lúcio
Published: August 2022

Resenha crítica do livro Vom Verschwinden der Rituale, de Byung-Chul Han.
 
Han, B.-C. (2021). O desaparecimento dos rituais: uma topologia do presente. Tradução: Gabriel Salvi Philipson. Petrópolis: Vozes, 160 p. [Han, B.-C. (2019). Vom Verchwinden der Rituale: eine Topologie der Gegenwart. Berlin: Ullstein. 4. Auflage. 121 p.]
Crisis, end, or eclipse of reason? Max Horkheimer's Critical Theory contributions to an epistemology of eugenics
Authors: Roitberg Guilherme
Published: August 2022

This article investigates the epistemological foundations of Francis Galton's eugenics based on Max Horkheimer's Critical Theory. Grounded on a bibliographical research, we analyze the texts in which the English polymath structured the rationality of his science-religion, contrasting them with the theoretical-critical diagnosis of the crisis of reason. We conclude that Horkheimer’s argument denouncing the enlightened roots of eugenics, despite not having been explored in historiography, remains fundamental to the understanding of the eugenic scientific rationality, which we denominated eugenic reason.
A casa em chamas e o salto do leão: Freud e a dicotomia continuidade-descontinuidade
Authors: Souza Pedro Fernandez de
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tenta compreender o papel de certas analogias, símiles e metáforas dentro da teoria freudiana, em especial no seu ensaio de 1937, Die endliche und die unendliche Analyse. Nele, há figuras que não participam de verdadeiros “raciocínios por analogia”, mas fazem cortes descontínuos no texto. A ideia é, então, estudá-las segundo a dicotomia continuidade-descontinuidade, segundo a categoria do que acaba (endlich) e do que não acaba (unendlich). Vemos a imagem, contrapondo-se ao conceito, entrar no texto precisamente na demarcação de limites: entre o analítico e o inanalisável, entre o psíquico e o biológico, entre a análise e a vida.
Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes of 30‐Day Readmission With Heart Failure After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From the US Nationwide Readmission Database
Authors: Zahid Salman , Din Mian Tanveer Ud , Khan Muhammad Zia , Rai Devesh , Ullah Waqas , Sanchez‐Nadales Alejandro , Elkhapery Ahmed , Khan Muhammad Usman , Goldsweig Andrew M. , Singla Atul , Fonarrow Greg , Balla Sudarshan
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Data on trends, predictors, and outcomes of heart failure (HF) readmissions after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remain limited. Moreover, the relationship between hospital TAVR discharge volume and HF readmission outcomes has not been established.

METHODS AND RESULTS

The Nationwide Readmission Database was used to identify 30‐day readmissions for HF after TAVR from October 1, 2015, to November 30, 2018, using
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD‐10‐CM
) codes. A total of 167 345 weighted discharges following TAVR were identified. The all‐cause readmission rate within 30 days of discharge was 11.4% (19 016). Of all the causes of 30‐day rehospitalizations, HF comprised 31.4% (5962) of all causes. The 30‐day readmission rate for HF did not show a significant decline during the study period (
P
trend
=0.06); however, all‐cause readmission rates decreased significantly (
P
trend
=0.03). HF readmissions were comparable between high‐ and low‐volume TAVR centers. Charlson Comorbidity Index >8, length of stay >4 days during the index hospitalization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic HF, preexisting pacemaker, complete heart block during index hospitalization, paravalvular regurgitation, chronic kidney disease, and end‐stage renal disease were independent predictors of 30‐day HF readmission after TAVR. HF readmissions were associated with higher mortality rates when compared with non‐HF readmissions (4.9% versus 3.3%;
P
<0.01). Each HF readmission within 30 days was associated with an average increased cost of $13 000 more than for each non‐HF readmission.

CONCLUSIONS

During the study period from 2015 to 2018, 30‐day HF readmissions after TAVR remained steady despite all‐cause readmissions decreasing significantly. All‐cause readmission mortality and HF readmission mortality also showed a nonsignificant downtrend. HF readmissions were comparable across low‐, medium‐, and high‐volume TAVR centers. HF readmission was associated with increased mortality and resource use attributed to the increased costs of care compared with non‐HF readmission. Further studies are needed to identify strategies to decrease the burden of HF readmissions and related mortality after TAVR.
An Ansatz for computational undecidability in RNA automata
Authors: Svahn Adam J. , Prokopenko Mikhail
Published: August 2022

In this ansatz we consider theoretical constructions of RNA polymers into automata, a form of computational structure. The bases for transitions in our automata are plausible RNA enzymes that may perform ligation or cleavage. Limited to these operations, we construct RNA automata of increasing complexity; from the Finite Automaton (RNA-FA) to the Turing machine equivalent 2-stack PDA (RNA-2PDA) and the universal RNA-UPDA. For each automaton we show how the enzymatic reactions match the logical operations of the RNA automaton. A critical theme of the ansatz is the self-reference in RNA automata configurations that exploits the program-data duality but results in computational undecidability. We describe how computational undecidability is exemplified in the self-referential Liar paradox that places a boundary on a logical system, and by construction, any RNA automata. We argue that an expansion of the evolutionary space for RNA-2PDA automata can be interpreted as a hierarchical resolution of computational undecidability by a meta-system (akin to Turing’s oracle), in a continual process analogous to Turing’s ordinal logics and Post’s extensible recursively generated logics. On this basis, we put forward the hypothesis that the resolution of undecidable configurations in RNA automata represent a novelty generation mechanism and propose avenues for future investigation of biological automata.
Using the Comparative Hybrid Approach to Disentangle the Role of Substrate Choice on the Evolution of Cognition
Authors: Bohm Clifford , Albani Sarah , Ofria Charles , Ackles Acacia
Published: August 2022

Understanding the structure and evolution of natural cognition is a topic of broad scientific interest, as is the development of an engineering toolkit to construct artificial cognitive systems. One open question is determining which components and techniques to use in such a toolkit. To investigate this question, we employ agent-based AI, using simple computational substrates (i.e., digital brains) undergoing rapid evolution. Such systems are an ideal choice as they are fast to process, easy to manipulate, and transparent for analysis. Even in this limited domain, however, hundreds of different computational substrates are used. While benchmarks exist to compare the quality of different substrates, little work has been done to build broader theory on how substrate features interact. We propose a technique called the Comparative Hybrid Approach and develop a proof-of-concept by systematically analyzing components from three evolvable substrates: recurrent artificial neural networks, Markov brains, and Cartesian genetic programming. We study the role and interaction of individual elements of these substrates by recombining them in a piecewise manner to form new hybrid substrates that can be empirically tested. Here, we focus on network sparsity, memory discretization, and logic operators of each substrate. We test the original substrates and the hybrids across a suite of distinct environments with different logic and memory requirements. While we observe many trends, we see that discreteness of memory and the Markov brain logic gates correlate with high performance across our test conditions. Our results demonstrate that the Comparative Hybrid Approach can identify structural subcomponents that predict task performance across multiple computational substrates.
A Short Commentary Concerning Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and the Jus in Bello
Authors: Sayapin Sergey
Published: August 2022

Since 24 February 2022, Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has entailed large-scale violations of international humanitarian law (ihl), which are being investigated by Ukraine, some of its European allies, and the International Criminal Court (icc) as war crimes. This short commentary provides an overview of selected jus in bello issues raised by the invasion, and highlights implications for the dissemination and implementation of ihl in Russia, Ukraine and beyond in a mid-term perspective.
Data Surveillance Since the Snowden Revelations: A Grotian Moment in International Law?
Authors: Tahraoui Milan
Published: August 2022

Mass data surveillance practices have received heightened attention in international law since the Snowden revelations of 2013. In this article, I examine whether that attention has given rise to a “Grotian moment” regarding the regulation of these activities under international law. At the outset, I answer that question in the negative and conclude that no general customary international law rules have emerged. Yet, that is not the end of the story. At a more fundamental and conceptual level, far reaching transformative process are underway in international law within the context of datafication. These concern new forms of power and/or control over data flows, and data surveillance practices are an inherent feature of that power. I contend that although there is no accelerated process of customary international law formation regarding data surveillance activities, it may be that a prolonged, epochal, Grotian moment is taking place. To that end, I argue that data surveillance must be understood as one manifestation of a broader constellation of shifts, through which ‘developments that profoundly impact the logic of territory or/and the “logic of capital” without signalling the arrival of a new international order’ are arguably in the making.
Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: a Report on the Worldwide Census of the Second Edition (1626)
Authors: Corredera Edward Jones , Muschel Lara , Somos Mark
Published: August 2022

The first edition of Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis was published in Paris by Nicolas Buon in 1625. An unauthorised second edition appeared in Frankfurt a year later, from the reputable Wechel press. After Grotius made hundreds of changes to the first and second states of the first edition, and failed to convince the publisher Nicolas Buon of the merits of printing yet another edition of the book, the Wechels’s release of a new edition sought to capitalise on the high demand for the text, as copies had sold out in Central Europe by the summer of 1625. In this preliminary report on the 1626 edition, using online and card catalogues, we have located 59 surviving copies. We examined thirteen copies in person, and another three fully digitised copies online, and on the basis of this small sample we have been able to draw a number of conclusions. We hope that this research note on preliminary results will generate interest in this unduly neglected edition, and that readers will kindly bring further copies to our attention.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of 10 Species of Ranunculaceae by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats Markers
Authors: Li Yonghui , Yuan Congying , Liu Xueqing , Zhou Xiaojun , Wu Yunyan , Jin Mingxian
Published: August 2022

To analyze genetic diversity in 10 species of Ranunculaceae. The genetic diversity and genetic structure of 10 species of Ranunculaceae in 22 populations in Luoyang and surrounding areas were analyzed using primers selected by ISSR molecular markers. The 12 selected primers
amplified a total of 116 clear bands, and the proportion of polymorphic bands was 98.1%. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers was 0.9478. The results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the Shannon information index (I) of 22 populations of Ranunculaceae
plants was 0.4367±0.1904, and Nei’s genetic diversity index (H) was 0.2807±0.1481. The above results showed rich polymorphism in all 12 primers, and very rich genetic diversity in the 10 species of Ranunculaceae from 22 populations. The gene flow Nm
was 0.3096 and genetic differentiation index Gst was 0.5997, indicating that genetic differentiation mainly derived from diversity within populations, with less gene communication among populations. The Mantel test showed positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical
distance (r = 0.2530, P < 0.01). Cluster analysis, principle coordination analysis (PCoA) and population cluster analysis yielded broadly consistent clustering results showing that individuals of the same germplasm were closely related, tending to be clustered into one group
first; the second grouping was arranged according to the geographical distance. The genetic diversity of 10 species of Ranunculaceae in 22 populations is very rich. The variation among 22 populations is large, which indicates that the 10 species of Ranunculaceae have a strong
ability to adapt to the environment. The combination of the three methods can improve the accuracy of cluster analysis of wild Ranunculaceae samples. This study lays the foundation for rational utilization and resource management of Ranunculaceae.
Determination, Source Identification and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soil Near a Typical Industrial Zone in Northern Ningxia, China
Authors: Liu Ping , Zhou Tongning , Feng Ningchuan , Zhu Meilin , Tian Juncang
Published: August 2022

Agricultural soil pollution affects agricultural productivity and human health. To assess the degree and potential risk of heavy metals (HMs) pollution in agricultural soil in typical industrial areas in northern Ningxia, China, the levels of 8 HMs including Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd,
Pb, and Cr were detected, the associated ecological and health risks were assessed, and the sources were identified. The results showed that, compared with the corresponding standards, the Hg, Zn, and As exceeded the standards by 27, 18, and 4%, respectively. Pollution Index, Hakanson’s
potential risk index and enrichment factor showed that the Hg pollution was most serious. The spatial distribution results showed the HMs were associated with mining sites, industrial parks or cities. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) results showed the HMs in soil can be attributed to 4
factors, its contribution order is industrial activity (53.1%) > traffic (18.3%) > natural (17.0%) > mining activity (9.8%). The health risk analysis showed a non-carcinogenic risk at 0.136 (<1) and carcinogenic risk was 1.26×10−5 (<10−4),
indicating a low risk of residents. However, consumption of crops food grown in the area is the most important approach resulting in health risk. In summary, HMs posed a high ecological risk which mainly due to industrial activity, however, the potential health risk was acceptable. This study
is very meaningful to prevent soil from HMs pollution and guarantee the agricultural soil and crop qualities.
A Study of the Solvent-Free Algae Cell-Wall Dissociation Approach for Multi-Output Recovery
Authors: Linsong He , Wangsun Chen , Xiaoying Kong , Yongming Sun , Gaixiu Yang , Lianhua Li , Ying Guo
Published: August 2022

The solvent-free cell wall rupture approach has been proposed as a sustainable pretreatment to determine the overall algal industry efficiency. Herein, Spirulina platensis was selected as a model organism to study ultrasonic-assisted cell wall rupture for multi-output recovery.
The pretreatments displaying superior performance were chosen to study on the ultra-cellular scales. The results indicated that the optimal ultrasonic-assisted dissociation recovery rate was over 90%. The possible rupture forces including the physical forces, the shear forces, and the chemical
attacks, from dissociated OH− and H+ by cleaving hydrogen bonds, peptide bonds and glycolic linkages. This study highlights the ultrasonic-assisted pretreatment with structural insights, which is valuable for developing an integrated, multi-output and sustainable
algal industry.
Effects of Catalytic Promoter Mn on Ni/ZSM-5 Catalyst to Catalyst Waste Plastic Syngas to Prepare Carbon Nanotubes for Co-Production of Hydrogen
Authors: Qi Tian , Hu Xiaorui , Lei Tingzhou , Jin Tingxiang , Luo Qi , Hu Wenfeng , Liu Mengfei , Liu Jianxiu , Jing Zhiyong , Ying Jialong , Song Yawen , Cheng Chuanxiao
Published: August 2022

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) produced by catalytic reforming of the waste plastic syngas is a high value-added by-product of hydrogen production. Catalysts play an important role in the growth of carbon nanotubes. The influences of Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst, Ni–Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst and temperature
were performed in a lab-scale tubular reactor. The catalysts and product carbon were analyzed by different characterization methods, including temperature-programed reduction/oxidation, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray energy spectrometer.
The results showed that in the presence of Ni–Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst with the addition of catalytic promoter Mn, 650 °C was the optimum temperature during the operating temperature range of 600 °C~800 °C for the rate of carbon production and hydrogen production, and the carbon
production was the highest, which was 2.95gCNTs/gCatalyst (wherein the Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were main product), and compared with the monometallic Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst, the Ni–Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst with Mn addition increased the H2 content
in the syngas from 14 Vol.% to 39 Vol.%. The highest carbon nanotubes proportion of 95.81% to total carbon deposition was obtained under the conditions of 750 °C. The introduction of catalytic promoter Mn transforms the growth mode of carbon nanotubes from top growth mode to bottom growth
mode, and obtains carbon nanotubes with more regular structure. It suggested that Ni–Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst had the potential for high quality carbon nanotubes and H2-riched gas production from waste plastic syngas.
Soil Nutrients and Microbial Community Characteristics of Rhododendron rex in Central Yunnan Province of China
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Huiqin , Liu Haiyan , Li Chaozhen , Zhou Yan
Published: August 2022

In the present study, Rhododendron rex soil from Jiaozishan national nature reserve and Xiaobaicaoling in Yunnan province of China was selected as the research object. Physicochemical properties and high-throughput sequencing techniques were used to analyze soil nutrients and
microbial diversity to explore the soil nutrients and microbial community characteristics of Rhododendron rex in central Yunnan, and provide theoretical reference for future research on ex-situ conservation, bionic cultivation and artificial propagation of Rhododendron rex.
Results showed that the Rhododendron rex soil in central Yunnan was acidic, and the contents of various nutrients in the soil were high and correlated with each other. The abundance of fungi was higher than that of bacteria, while the diversity of bacteria was higher than that of fungi.
There was a correlation between soil nutrients and microbial community characteristics. The dominant phyla of soil bacteria were Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and the sum of relative abundance was 78.97%. The dominant phyla of fungi were Ascomycota
and Basidiomycota, and the sum of relative abundance was 94.89%.
X band film bulk acoustic wave resonator based on single crystalline LiNbO3 thin films with SiO2/Ta2O5 reflector
Authors: Li Peiran , Lv Lu , Qian Yicong , Han Xiaoyu , Wei Zijie , Fan Wei , Chen Shujian , Yin Xiaogui , Zheng Qin , Jia Na , Zhang Qingyu , Zhu Fen
Published: August 2022

Baw resonator working at X band based on single crystalline LiNbO3 (LN) thin film is investigated by finite element simulation, and the influence of the electrode and LN thickness on the frequency and electromechanical coupling coefficient of the device is simulated. With
an Al electrode and 300 nm thick LN, a resonator with a resonant frequency above 8 GHz is designed by the Mason model. The LN BAW is fabricated by ion-slicing technique and integrated with a SiO2/Ta2O5 Bragg reflector, and the microstructure of the LN thin
film is characterized by transmission electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The fabricated LN BAW resonator is finally tested, and resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency are 8.04 GHz and 8.49 GHz, respectively, resulting in a large electromechanical coupling coefficient
of 13.06%.
Study on chitosan modified indomethacin nanoparticles for relieving rain of necrosis of the femoral head in children
Authors: Guo Xiaofei , Zheng Shuxian , Yang Bo , Geer Cailing , Han Ran
Published: August 2022

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a rare orthopedic disease in children worldwide. Due to the complexity of the disease itself, it causes great harm to children, families, and society. Among them, the morbidity of hip pain caused by osteonecrosis of the femoral head in children seriously
affects the patients’ abilities to walk and self-care, thereby causing harm to the patients’ body and mind. As a result, it is crucial to explore drugs for treating pain caused by osteonecrosis of the femoral head in children. In this study, an indomethacinbased anti-inflammatory
and analgesic nanodrug (CS/IND NPs) was successfully developed and used for clinical treatment of pain to validate its efficacy. The data demonstrated that in comparison with the pain score (VAS) before treatment, there was a significant difference in subsequent VAS (P <0.05). The
hip pain and expression of inflammatory mediators were significantly reduced. However, few adverse reactions were caused by this drug, which can significantly improve the quality of life for patients and are worth of further studies.
Preparation and characterization of soy protein-based adhesive modified by microcrystalline cellulose
Authors: Wu Qiao , Deng Layun , Wang Yong , Li Xianjun , Fan Dongbin
Published: August 2022

With the desire of promoting the further development of wood production, Soy protein-based adhesives (SPs) have been modified to overcome the defect of poor water resistance in the existing reports. Herein, the microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was grafted by 3-Glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
(KH560) to obtain a modified microcrystalline cellulose (MMCC). The soybean flour was mixed with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether/diethylenetriamine (EGDE/DETA) and the MMCC to prepare the modified soy protein-based adhesive. The results showed that the adhesive with multiple additives had
a better performance due to the interpenetrating network structure of soy protein molecules. The contact angle (CA) increased from 33.97° to 58.88°. The wet bonding strength increased to 0.99 MPa. Consequently, the objective of this study is to provide a new strategy for manufacturing
a new environmental adhesive.
Insights into the Mixing Efficiency of Submesoscale Centrifugal–Symmetric Instabilities
Authors: Chor Tomas , Wenegrat Jacob O. , Taylor John
Published: August 2022

Submesoscale processes provide a pathway for energy to transfer from the balanced circulation to turbulent dissipation. One class of submesoscale phenomena that has been shown to be particularly effective at removing energy from the balanced flow is centrifugal–symmetric instabilities (CSIs), which grow via geostrophic shear production. CSIs have been observed to generate significant mixing in both the surface boundary layer and bottom boundary layer flows along bathymetry, where they have been implicated in the mixing and water mass transformation of Antarctic Bottom Water. However, the mixing efficiency (i.e., the fraction of the energy extracted from the flow used to irreversibly mix the fluid) of these instabilities remains uncertain, making estimates of mixing and energy dissipation due to CSI difficult. In this work we use large-eddy simulations to investigate the mixing efficiency of CSIs in the submesoscale range. We find that centrifugally dominated CSIs (i.e., CSI mostly driven by horizontal shear production) tend to have a higher mixing efficiency than symmetrically dominated ones (i.e., driven by vertical shear production). The mixing efficiency associated with CSIs can therefore alternately be significantly higher or significantly lower than the canonical value used by most studies. These results can be understood in light of recent work on stratified turbulence, whereby CSIs control the background state of the flow in which smaller-scale secondary overturning instabilities develop, thus actively modifying the characteristics of mixing by Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities. Our results also suggest that it may be possible to predict the mixing efficiency with more readily measurable parameters (viz., the Richardson and Rossby numbers), which would allow for parameterization of this effect.