bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary interpretations of suicidal behavior
Authors:   FSBSI «Mental Health Research Center», Pyatnitskiy N.Yu.
Published: August 2024

The article presents an analysis of the understanding of human suicidal behavior in modern concepts of evolutionary psychiatry and psychology. According to the evolutionary approach, the behavior of biological organisms is aimed at maintaining or improving their «adaptation to life». Suicidal behavior is the “antithesis” of all other behavior in humans and animals, an exception to the dominant orientation of behavior towards preserving life. At the same time, suicidal behavior in humans is not uncommon. It has been observed from ancient times to the present day and is characteristic of the most culturally diverse societies, and is even more common in some primitive cultures than in high-tech ones. Among animals living in the wild, ethologists have described 4 types of “suicidal” behavior, but true “self-destructive” behavior is believed to be observed in animals only in captivity. In humans, according to the “ethological” concept of D. deCatanzaro, suicide is not as maladaptive as it seems; suicide does not significantly damage the genetic content of the population that explains its relative resistance to the effects of natural selection; and the behavior of people that is limited to suicide attempts (“suicidal mimicry”) is “adaptive.” According to cognitive-behavioral concepts, suicide is not determined by genetic factors, but by imitation and learning, since a genetic mutation favorable to suicide, from the point of view of behaviorists, would be quickly eliminated. Currently, evolutionary psychologists and psychiatrists emphasize the “fundamental randomness” of suicidal behavior and the uncertainty of assessing suicide risk at the individual level.
On the use of some groups of non-psychotropic medications in psychiatry (A Literature Review)
Authors:   Independent researcher in the field of psychopharmacology, Bekker R.A. , Bykov Yu.V. ,   Stavropol State Medical University
Published: August 2024

This article is mutually complementary to our previous article, in which we had discussed the use of some psychotropic drugs outside of the field of psychiatry – in various subspecialties of somatic medicine. Following the tradition of that article, within the framework of this article we aimed to apply a provocative «mirror» approach, focusing on the use in psychiatry of the seemingly very distantly related to it drugs, such as cytotoxic drugs, antibiotics, antiprotozoals, anticoagulants, etc. We did not describe in this article some drugs from somatic medicine, the use of which in psychiatry is already widely known and/or was described in our book «Depression and Treatment Resistance» – for example, anti-inflammatory and anti-cytokine drugs, hormones, insulin sensitizers, vitamins and micronutrients, alpha- and beta-blockers, etc. This article is intended to broaden the horizon views of psychiatrists regarding the existing possibilities of using some non-psychotropic drugs in psychiatry and/or of overcoming the resistance of psychiatric patients to standard psychopharmacotherapy.
Charles Darwin's theory of sexual selection as the basis of modern evolutionary psychiatry and psychology: from invertebrates to birds
Authors:   FSBSI «Mental Health Research Center», Pyatnitskiy N.Yu.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the theory of sexual selection (in the evolutionary series from invertebrates to birds) by Charles Darwin, presented by him in the monograph “The Origin of Species and Sexual Selection.” According to Darwin's theory, in the lowest parts of the animal kingdom, sexual selection has no significance; its effect is observed only starting with arthropods (crustaceans, arachnids, insects) and vertebrates (and already among some representatives of the class of insects and reptiles, according to Darwin, a feeling of "attachment" is observed) Darwin identified three types of sexual selection: 1) with choice on the part of the female (the most common in the animal world); 2) with choice on the part of the male; 3) with mutual choice. All three types of choice provide one advantage: raising more offspring. In constant living conditions, there is a limit to the action of natural selection; sexual selection does not have such restrictions; it is limited due to the action of natural selection, for example, the coloring of male birds that is too attractive for females can make the males more vulnerable to predators. According to Darwin's analysis of the sexual behavior of animals, in birds, reptiles, fish, crustaceans (and mammals), differences between the sexes follow almost exactly the same rules. Males court females and have weapons to fight rivals; they are larger and more pugnacious. In almost every class there are several anomalous cases in which there is an almost complete perversion of the characteristics of both sexes, with females acquiring typically male characteristics (pugnacity, bright coloring, large size). Systematized by Darwin, the differences in the lifestyle of males and females, which, according to his theory, determine structural signs of sexual dimorphism, postulation of the appearance of anomalies and an increase in the risk of mortality depending on sex, established connections between bright colours and increased pugnacity in birds, evaluation of various patterns of animal behaviour as methods of attracting a female, and the formulation of the position according to which the instinctive behaviour of animals can be carried out simply “for pleasure”, as if separated from its original purpose, served as a “matrix” for the interpretation in modern evolutionary psychiatry and psychology of the meaning of sex differences by mental disorders.
II Samarkand Spring School of Young Psychiatrists and Narcologists, April 23-26, 2024
Authors:   Central Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after F.A. Usoltsev, Abdrakhmanova A.E. , Leonova A.V. ,   Tyumen State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petrova N.N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2024

The publication is an overview of the events and a summary of the reports of the Second Samarkand Spring School of Young Psychiatrists and Narcologists
Malformaciones Congénitas de Cavidad Oral
Authors: Mora Chacón Sebastián , Montoya Solano Daniela , Valerio Vega Mariam
Published: August 2024

La examinación de la cavidad oral es fundamental para descubrir diferentes malformaciones congénitas. Las detecciones tempranas pueden ayudar a iniciar una terapia médica o quirúrgica adecuada, de esta manera prevenir complicaciones que pueden afectar la vida del paciente durante sus primeros años de vida. Algunas de las malformaciones de la cavidad oral incluyen hendidura mandibular media, micrognatia, labio leporino y paladar hendido, hendidura facial lateral y épulis. Estas malformaciones son el resultado de errores en la embriogénesis o eventos intrauterinos que alteran el crecimiento fetal. Este artículo es una revisión de los procesos de embriogénesis y de la malformación específica con su descripción, manejo y abordaje radiológico imagenológico para su detección temprana.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND HIRSHFELD SURFACE ANALYSIS OF 4-AZIDO-2-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)-5-(2-NITROPHENYL)-2H-1,2,3-TRIAZOLE SYNTHESIZED ON THE BASIS OF DIBROMODIAZADIENE
Authors:   Department of Organic Chemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan, A. Abdullayeva Afag
Published: August 2024

The newly synthesized title compound was subjected to characterization via NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was performed to analyze intermolecular interactions. Stabilization of molecular packing is achieved by a strong C---H…O hydrogen bond, C---H… and - interactions.
CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VIVO TOXICITY ASSAY OF UNCOATED SILICON NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia, V. Zolotarev Konstantin
Published: August 2024

Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are highly promising for biological and biomedical applications, including bioimaging, due to their unique optical properties (i.e., strong fluorescence and very high photostability). Their low or negligible in vitro toxicity has been reported, but in vivo toxicity and biological effects of SiNPs are still uncertain. Uncoated SiNPs were dispersed in water via sonication and their rapid aggregation was observed (319.0 ± 2.4 nm particle size). In vivo toxicity was studied using Danio rerio embryos and larvae. Rapid aggregation in their incubation medium was observed; besides that, SiNPs at 25 mg/L or higher concentration induced swim bladder malformation and/or death of the fish. The estimated LC50 value for 7-day larvae was 180 mg/L. This is the first in vivo toxicity study of uncoated and unfunctionalized SiNPs. To achieve better stability in biological media and lower toxicity, SiNPs should be covered with hydrophilic layers, but their absorption by cellular membranes may be weaker in this case.
COOMASSIE BRILLIANT BLUE DYE REMOVAL IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Hajiyeva Flora
Published: August 2024

In this work, was investigated of catalytic oxidative degradation of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue synthetic dye (CBB R-250) by hydrogen peroxide H2O2 in the presence of Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles. It was found that in the presence of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, the dye degradation rate significantly increases, which is explained by the strong interaction of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with hydrogen peroxide with the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals followed by an increase in the rate of oxidative degradation. Also in the article, it was found that the degradation of the СBB R-250 dye is highly dependent on conditions of process, such as pH of the medium and degradation time. The relatively low rate of oxidative degradation СBB R-250 dye at high pH is explained by the formation of Fe3+ complexes, which leads to a decrease in the concentration of Fe2+ ions, which are responsible for the formation of free radicals.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LASER-ABLATED SILVER AND TITANIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DRUG DELIVERY
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, A. Salih Walaa
Published: August 2024

Using the laser ablation method, the study explores the synthesis and characterisation of three nanocomposites: titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyethylene glycol (PEG), silver (Ag)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) and silver (Ag)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)/chitosan (Ct's). These composites act as delivery systems for 5-Fluorouracil (5Fu), an anticancer medication. Various characterization techniques were utilised, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible, X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the freshly produced composites have chemical interactions; the Ag-TiO2-PEG-5Fu composite has the highest crystallinity. Particle size distribution has an average size of 45 nm and a range of 10 to 100 nm. The UV-visible absorption spectrum shows a clear blue shift, which improves the possibility for medication delivery. Through cytotoxicity tests on the AMN3 cell line, the study illustrates the promise of nanocomposites in pharmaceutical applications, particularly in boosting the efficacy of cancer therapy. The co-administration of polymers with 5-FU augments their cytotoxic effect, indicating viable substitutes for the treatment of cancer. The AgTiO2 PEG 5-Fu composite, in particular, has the strongest cytotoxic effects, suggesting that it is a viable therapy option for cancer. PEGylation improves medication dispersion, which raises cytotoxicity slightly. Chitosan demonstrates inherent anti-tumorogenic properties at particular dosage ranges. Furthermore, decreasing cytotoxicity by doubling the content of silver (Ag) in the AgTiO2 PEG 5-FU composite may be attributed to Ag particle agglomeration. It's interesting to note that when compared to the AgTiO2 composite, the TiO2 composite shows noticeably more cytotoxicity. All things considered, the study highlights the potential of nanocomposites in drug delivery applications, especially when it comes to improving the administration of anticancer drugs. The combination of polymers, nanometallic materials and 5-FU offers bright futures for cancer treatment; positive results have been seen even in created composites that do not include 5-FU.
STUDY OF OBTAINING POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE BY ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD ON THE BASES OF FLOTATION AND HALLURGIC POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Authors:   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chavliyeva Farog’at
Published: August 2024

To substantiate the process of obtaining potassium chloride, the compositions of white crystalline and flotation potassium chloride were studied. Studies have been carried out on the purification of the initial solution from impurities of oxides of two and trivalent metals, in particular, calcium and magnesium, which adversely affect the electrolysis process. The degree of purification when purifying a solution from calcium and magnesium ions increases with an increase in the rate of potassium hydroxide and carbonate to calcium and magnesium ions from 100 to 122%. In the case of using white crystalline potassium chloride, the degree of purification from calcium increases and in the case of flotation potassium chloride, it increases less intensively. X-ray phase analysis determined that the resulting sediments consist mainly of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. To obtain potassium hydroxide by electrolysis methods under given conditions, with an increase in the duration of the flow of the initial solutions (with an increase in the time of supply to the electrolyzer), in fact, this increase in the electrolysis time of the concentration of potassium hydroxide increased.
OPTIMIZING YIELD AND MITIGATING BIOTIC STRESS: THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION, PLANT DENSITY AND VARIETY OF MAIZE
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Fathi El-Hawary Sohaila
Published: August 2024

In this study, four maize varieties (SC10, SC122, TWC310, TWC352) were tested with nitrogen fertilizers at 90, 120 and 150 kg N/fad and plant densities of 24,000 and 30,000 plants/fad. Results showed that higher nitrogen levels significantly improved leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) within 60-90 days, leading to increased grain per row, 100-grain weight and overall yield, as well as earlier tasseling and silking. Conversely, higher plant densities reduced LAI, CGR and NAR and increased competition, which decreased grain weight per row and yield. Among the varieties, SC10 and TWC310 outperformed SC122 and TWC352 in growth and yield, demonstrating varied responses to nitrogen and density.
INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GO@METAL OXIDE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS TECHNIQUE
Authors:   1Composite Material, Ceramics, and Polymers Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Sfax, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia, Al-Shuwaili Mustafa
Published: August 2024

In this study, spray pyrolysis was used to deposit Graphene Oxide (GO), GO@Ag, GO@Zn, GO@SnO2, GO@TiO2, and GO@SiO2 thin films. Various characterization methods including X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), were used to investigate the structural and morphological properties of the prepared thin films. XRD test verify the successfully fabrication of the samples. As seen in the FESEM images, the morphology of the nanocomposites was completely different, which is yet another indication that the nanocomposites were synthesized. In order to study the optical properties of thin films, Photoluminescence (PL) and UV-Visible spectroscopies were used. Among the samples, the one containing TiO2 nanoparticles showed the best performance in PL and UV-Visible analysis. The reason behind the high photocatalytic activity of GO@TiO2 nanocomposite is that the titanium ions act as trappings centers, which are beneficial for inhibition of the recombination electron-hole pairs.
The Concept of Reciprocity in International Agreements:The Case of Indonesia and Singapore Extradition Treaty
Authors: Sulistiawati Ratih , Afriani Anita , Permata Inda Mustika
Published: August 2024

Singapore is one of the main destinations for criminal offenders from Indonesia, which causes losses for Indonesia. In the process, in 2007 Indonesia signed an extradition agreement with Singapore but failed to be ratified. During Joko Widodo's administration in 2022, Indonesia re-signed an extradition agreement with Singapore along with the Defense Cooperation Agreement (DCA) and Flight Information Region (FIR). The three agreements also took effect simultaneously in 2024. Since its signing, it has taken 17 years for the extradition treaty between the two countries to come into force. This case is understood by the Principle of Reciprocity in International Law. This paper uses a qualitative research method with descriptive analytical research. In this case, reciprocity is one of the basic principles governing extradition treaties. This principle is crucial in negotiating fair and equal terms. In drafting international agreements, reciprocity can make negotiations more complex as each party may have different priorities and needs. This is reflected in the case of the extradition treaty between Indonesia and Singapore, where Indonesia wants this treaty to be ratified to facilitate the pursuit of criminals who have fled to Singapore and the return of assets that have been illegally taken. Singapore responded by asking Indonesia to ratify the DCA and FIR Agreement, which cover aspects of Singapore's broader defense and security interests. This principle is crucial in negotiating fair and equitable terms.
Translated with DeepL.com (free version)
Assessing The Relationship Between Digital Competencies and Technostress in Higher Education
Authors: Vásquez-Pajuelo Lida , Rodriguez-Barboza Jhonny Richard , Bartra-Rivero Karina Raquel , Andrade-Díaz Elba María , Tuesta-Vila Jazmín Alicia , Obando-Peralta Ena Cecilia , Alarcón-Villalobos Yvonne Jacqueline
Published: August 2024

This study explored the relationship between digital competencies and technostress among university instructors teaching remotely in Peru. It aimed to determine whether enhancing digital skills could alleviate technostress. The research utilized a quantitative, non-experimental approach and collected data from 120 instructors from a private university in Lima, Perú using established surveys like the DigCompEdu Check-In and RED TIC. The analysis, performed through logistic regression in SPSS v27, revealed that 55.6% of instructors displayed a high level of commitment to their profession, while 58.9% exhibited adept digital pedagogical abilities. Further inferential analysis found a substantial link between digital competencies and technostress, evidenced by a Nagelkerke index of 0.622. This indicates that approximately 62.2% of the variance in technostress levels could be attributed to differences in digital skills. The findings underscore the importance of improving digital competencies among educators to significantly lower their technostress, suggesting that a greater integration of these skills in teaching practices could enhance the educational experience in digital environments.
Influence Of E-WOM On Emotional Purchase Decisions in Ceviche, Fish, and Seafood Restaurants In Chimbote, Perú
Authors: Rodríguez Ronald Floriano , Montano Julio , Horna Richard Fermín Contreras , Robles Italo Sotero Capa , Yquiapaza Freddy Bendezu
Published: August 2024

The study investigates the influence of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on the emotional purchase decisions of consumers in ceviche, fish, and seafood restaurants in Chimbote, Peru. A mixed methodology was employed, combining the collection of quantitative data from 323 surveyed consumers and qualitative data obtained from 30 interviews, aiming to explore how e-WOM affects emotional purchase perceptions and choices in this specific context. The findings reveal a significant correlation between e-WOM and emotional purchase decisions, supported by a Rho value of 0.827 and a regression model that explains 73.9% of the variability in these decisions. Additionally, factors such as convenience, product accessibility, economic factors, and visual stimuli were identified as crucial influences on purchase decisions. In summary, this study contributes not only to the theoretical understanding of e-WOM and consumer behaviour but also offers practical implications for marketing strategies and experience management in this sector
Employees' Perception of Human Aspects in TQM at GCC Standardization Organization
Authors: AlGhunaimi Hisham , Awashreh Raed
Published: August 2024

The Gulf Standardization Organization (GSO), serving as the standardization body for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states, has operated as a multinational entity across six Arabian Gulf countries for five years. Its primary functions include supervising and issuing Gulf Standards while endeavoring to enhance the quality infrastructure within the GCC nations. Despite its significant international engagements with organizations such as ISO and BSI, the awareness of its employees regarding its relationship with Total Quality Management (TQM) remains uncertain. To address this gap, this project aims to assess employees' familiarity with and awareness of the "soft" side of TQM and its implementation within the GSO. In-depth interviews were conducted with managerial, supervisory, and operational level employees to gather insights. The study reveals that while some employees have a basic understanding of TQM and its practices, the majority exhibit a limited awareness of its "soft" aspects. In light of these findings, the study recommends the GSO undertake a specialized qualitative inquiry into TQM and its "soft" side. This investigation elucidates the factors contributing to employees' lack of awareness, empowerment deficiencies, and delays in TQM implementation. By identifying these weaknesses, the GSO can develop tailored training programs and promptly integrate TQM principles to enhance organizational effectiveness.
Social Support and the Rehabilitation of Convicts in Calabar Correctional Service Centre, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Akwaji Fidelis Ngaji , Owan Emeka Josephat , Idiege Ahakiri Francis , Hassan Ibrahim Muhammad , Jonathan Opara Ikechukwu , Bassey Abonor, Lazarus , Eno Abang Paul , Williams William Okon , Etta Etta Oyen , Okorie Chimaobi , Felix. O Eteng, , Denwigwe Chiaka Patience
Published: August 2024

This study examined the nexus between social support and rehabilitation of convicts. Social support for convicts has not received adequate research interest in Nigeria within the field of corrections. This is because correctional administrators have not acknowledged the importance of social support to the adjustment pattern and rehabilitation of convicts. Literature on social support is western based. This study will contribute in narrowing the methodological gap created by dearth of literature on social support. Survey design was used for the study. The study used 318 respondents as its sample. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis involved the use of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) and simple percentage. The study's results indicated a significant relationship between family, administrative and convicts supports and rehabilitation. Thus, it was recommended amongst others that; the family which is the basic unit of the society should always support one another.
Incentive Management, Corporate Social Responsibility, Political Connections, and Firm Value: The Moderating Role of Corporate Governance
Authors: Nurlaela Siti , . Rahmawati , Widagdo Ari Kuncara , Joseph Corina , Amperawati Endang Dwi , . Kiswanto
Published: August 2024

The first aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between incentive management, corporate social responsibility, political connections, and firm value in the mining industry using the agency theory. The second aim is to examine corporate governance's moderating role in the relationship between incentive management, corporate social responsibility, political connections, and firm value. This research uses Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to realize the objectives. This study finds a relationship between incentive management, corporate social responsibility, political connections, and firm value. It also finds that corporate governance moderates the relationship between incentive management, corporate social responsibility, political connections, and firm value. Corporate governance plays a role in helping to reduce agency problems and strengthen corporate supervision. The results of this study provide theoretical contributions to the literature on the development of corporate governance and capital markets, especially in investment decision-making. The findings of this study can be used as a consideration for policies related to regulations in the management of incentives management, corporate social responsibility, corporate governance, and corporate value.
Neural Network Modelling of Organizational Capabilities in Achieving Sustainable Competitive of Start-Up
Authors: Mekimah Sabri , Zighed Rahma , Imane Benaouali , Bengana Ismail , Khababa Nourredine Abdallah , Alrawad Mahmaod
Published: August 2024

Aim/Purpose-This study aims at identifying the role of organizational capabilities in achieving sustainable competitive advantage of start-up. Design/methodology/approach –The analytical descriptive approach was adopted, by introducing the study variables theoretically, represented in both the organizational capacity variable and the sustainable competitive advantage. As for the applied part, in order to collect data, a form was designed and distributed to a random sample of 255 Start-ups in Algeria. Moreover, so as to address and test the hypotheses of the study, the neural network modelling method was used, based on the Matlab program. Findings –The study concluded that the dimensions of organizational capabilities contribute very weakly to achieving sustainable competitive advantage of start-ups, especially after organizational flexibility and organizational creativity, as they contribute together by 52.5%, which is an average percentage. Research implications/limitations – The start-ups should pay more attention to applying the dimensions of organizational capabilities which helps to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. Originality/value/contribution –The importance of the study lies in the fact that it deals with a recent topic represented in organizational capabilities and sustainable competitive advantage in the field of scientific research and the scarcity of studies and research related to it. Furthermore, it is one of the first studies that apply organizational capabilities in Algerians start-ups. Thus, we hope that it would be a scientific reference that can be used in corporate development.
Challenges Faced by Novice English Language Teachers in Raparin Territory During Their Initial Years of Teaching
Authors: Ameen Rizgar M. , Zahir Hawram O. , Majid Karwx B. , Salam Binar H.
Published: August 2024

This research is devoted to investigate the challenges faced by novice English language teachers in the Raparin area during their initial years of teaching. Teaching, a process vital worldwide, involves transferring knowledge, skills, and values, and novice teachers often encounter numerous obstacles in this journey. The objective of this study is identifying these obstacles, focusing on classroom management, emotional problems, lesson planning, adaptation to the profession, relational challenges, time management, technological integration, and handling individual student differences. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and interviews with 40 novice teachers, the research reveals that a significant number of these teachers struggle with designing and implementing lesson plans, managing classrooms, and integrating technology effectively. Emotional stress, relational challenges, and insufficient preparation for addressing individual student needs further compound their difficulties. The findings underscore the necessity for targeted support and training programs to enhance novice teachers' competencies and ease their transition into the teaching profession. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving the quality of education and ensuring the retention and development of novice teachers in the Raparin Territory.
The Existence of Women's Da’wah in the Dominance and Marginalization of Patriarchal Culture
Authors: Said Nurhidayat Muhammad , . Mustari , . Suhaimi , Yanti Novi , . Wasalmi , Nurhaidah Siti Nuri , . Siswandi
Published: August 2024

This article aims to describe the existence of women's da’wah amidst the dominance of ‘Tuan Guru’ male religious leaders' preaching in the patriarchal culture of the Sasak community. The research was conducted in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. A qualitative descriptive method was employed for this study, utilizing data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and documentation. This study revealed that patriarchal culture influences various aspects of Sasak society, including the religious sphere. The dominance of male religious leaders (Tuan Guru) in preaching is evident across nearly all preaching contexts. Da’wah occurs regularly and incidentally through religious lectures in prayer rooms, mosques, religious social organizations, governmental and private institutions, and utilizing mass media. Conversely, women's da’wah through lectures has limited access; female preachers tend to engage with female communities. In terms of quantity, the number of female preachers needs to be improved compared to the number of male religious leaders. This study also identified stigmas and stereotypes associated with women in da’wah, leading to the marginalization of women in this field and restricting their emergence as preachers. The few women preachers who do emerge and deliver sermons within the community often do so with the support of their families.
Countering Corruption in Modern Russia
Authors: Moiseev Vladimir Victorovich , Aleksandrovna Molchanova Marina , Sergeevna Polovneva Lyudmila , Ivanovich Kramskoy Sergei , Pastukh Tamara Alexandrovna , Frantsevich Nitsevich Victor
Published: August 2024

The problem of combating corruption is of particular relevance in Russia. In the 2023 global anti-corruption ranking, Russia took a lowly 137th place between Paraguay and Kyrgyzstan. The authors sought not only to reveal the reasons for its unprecedented growth in the last two decades, but also to show how anti-corruption policy is set up in the country and what the real results of the anti-corruption fight are. Using factual material, the authors show the true reasons for the unprecedented growth in the scale of corruption, point out significant shortcomings in anti-corruption policy and Russian legislation, and identify ways to improve them for the purpose of further socio-economic development. The results of the study not only give an idea of how the situation has developed in the Russian Federation with the growth of corrupt practices, but can also provide real assistance in modernizing anti-corruption policy and changing the current federal legislation in order to strengthen the fight against the theft of money from the state budget. The value of this research is that it contributes to the development of theory and methods of combating corruption in government structures.
Estudo de viabilidade de tecnologia de notificação em tempo real para áreas de risco utilizando lógica paraconsistente
Authors: Machi Lozano Luiz Carlos , Oliveira Cortez Natália , Franzon Cruz do Espirito Santo Jéssica , Zaneti Kirilo Caique
Published: August 2024

Este projeto visa estudar a viabilidade de implementar um sistema que forneça informações críticas aos moradores de zonas de risco, auxiliando na tomada de decisões seguras, como mudança de rota ou evitar determinadas áreas em períodos específicos. O estudo avaliará a viabilidade técnica, econômica e operacional de um sistema que enviará notificações baseadas na localização dos usuários sobre riscos iminentes, utilizando a Lógica Paraconsistente Anotada Evidencial para analisar dados e identificar áreas propensas a desastres. O objetivo é melhorar a segurança em áreas de risco, garantindo que os usuários recebam alertas precisos e oportunos através de dispositivos móveis, contribuindo para a redução de vítimas e a prevenção de acidentes.
Manutenção e escuta: apoio a uma instituição de acolhimento a homens idosos em vulnerabilidade social
Authors: José Baquião Ribeiro Douglas , Patricio da Silva Bisneto Manuel , Pereira da Silva Edson
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre as atividades de extensão desenvolvidas pelos alunos do Centro Universitário SENAI São Paulo, campus Roberto Simonsen, na Casa de Simeão, uma instituição de acolhimento para homens idosos em vulnerabilidade social. O projeto ocorreu em duas partes: a primeira, no segundo semestre de 2023, focou em intervenções físicas para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos residentes; a segunda, no primeiro semestre de 2024, concentrou-se em visitar os moradores, buscando ouvir suas histórias de vida e promover um espaço de escuta e reflexão. As atividades visaram fortalecer o vínculo entre a academia e a comunidade, representada pelos residentes da Casa de Simeão, contribuindo para a valorização humana e a melhoria das condições de vida na instituição.
O uso de project based learning como estratégia desafiadora no curso Superior de Tecnologia em Ciência de Dados
Authors: De Oliveira Preto Vivian , Henrique Medeiros dos Santos Gigueira Priscila , Franzon Cruz do Espirito Santo Jéssica , Zaneti Kirilo Caique
Published: August 2024

A Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (PBL) emerge como uma poderosa estratégia pedagógica que potencializa os resultados acadêmicos dos alunos através do fomento à autonomia, definição de objetivos, colaboração, comunicação e reflexão. Ao ser implementada em cursos de nível superior, especialmente na disciplina de extensão universitária, a PBL não só facilita a compreensão dos alunos sobre a extensão como uma atividade intrínseca ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, mas também se alinha ao princípio da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão, conforme previsto na Constituição Federal. Nesse contexto, a universidade consolida seu papel social por meio de um conjunto de ações acadêmico-científicas que produzem dados de impacto coletivo e privado. Sendo assim, esta obra apresenta um estudo de caso em estado de work in progress, que aplica um modelo PBL fundamentado na metodologia do SENAI de Educação Profissional a uma turma do curso superior de tecnologia em Ciência de Dados. Não obstante, busca-se observar e analisar as opiniões dos discentes em relação ao seu desempenho ao longo do curso. Como resultado prévio, adquirido com base no primeiro semestre ministrado, é possível verificar uma grande adesão ao projeto proposto, fazendo com que a extensão universitária tenha um real papel na sociedade e seja uma experiência desafiadora e gratificante para os discentes envolvidos.
Explorando a cultura Afro-Brasileira: modelagem 3D e impressão de ferramentas dos Orixás
Authors: Santana Barros de Lima Cipriano Joel , Felix de Freitas Thiago , da Costa Rocha Thiago , Nunes Silva Vitória , Eloy Christe da Silva Murilo , Allifer Silva Diego , Fernandes Oliveira Gilderlon
Published: August 2024

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento e os resultados de um projeto de extensão universitária que utiliza tecnologias de impressão 3D para criar réplicas de ferramentas de orixás, com o objetivo de promover o conhecimento e o respeito às religiões afro-brasileiras. A metodologia envolveu pesquisa sobre a simbologia dos objetos em museus e na literatura, modelagem 3D e validação por seguidores do Candomblé e Umbanda, garantindo a representação culturalmente adequada. A interação com consultores religiosos foi crucial para o aprimoramento dos modelos. Essas peças farão parte da exposição "Heranças Afro- Brasileira", com o intuito de aproximar o público da cultura afro-brasileira e combater a intolerância religiosa através da informação.
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pengunjung Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Apotek Pemenang Farma Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Tusshaleha Lelie Amalia , Rahmat Syamsul , Hamdani Ade Sukma , Jannah Riahul
Published: August 2024

Kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian apotek dapat dikatakan bermutu dapat dilihat dari faktor kepuasan pengunjung untuk mempelajari respon pengunjung terhadap mutu pelayanan yang diterima, kebutuhan dan harapan pengunjung dan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kefarmasian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat kepuasan pengunjung terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Pemenang Farma Kabupaten Lombok Utara dan hubungan demografi terhadap tingkat kepuasan pengunjung. Penelitian dilakukan secara observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara accidental sampling dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Perhitungan jumlah sampel dilakukan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Hasil penelitian dari 110 responden yang mengisi kuesioner, didapatkan hasil pada dimensi bukti langsung hasil kepuasan pengunjung adalah 80,45% merupakan kategori puas, dimensi kehandalan 79,63% kategori puas, dimensi ketanggapan 84,82% kategori sangat puas, dimensi jaminan 85.,3% kategori sangat puas dan dimensi empati 87,61% kategori sangat puas. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan (p>0,05) antara demografi pengunjung (jenis kelamin dan usia) dan ada hubungan (p<0,05) antara demografi pekerjaan pengunjung apotek dengan tingkat kepuasan. Tingkat kepuasan pengunjung terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Pemenang Farma Kabupaten Lombok Utara adalah sangat puas dan hanya pada demografi pekerjaan yang memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat kepuasan pengunjung.
ISLAM PROGRESIF DAN KONTEKSTUALISASINYA DI INDONESIA: PERTAUTAN TRADISI DAN MODERNISASI DALAM KRITIK
Authors: Muwaffiqillah Moch.
Published: August 2024

Abstrak
 
Artikel ini mengkaji gagasan tentang Muslim Progresif yang didengungkan oleh Muslim Amerika karena kengerian dan keterpanaan akibat hilangnya nyawa yang tidak bersalah pada peristiwa 9/11. Ditambah rusaknya reputasi umat Islam di banyak tempat atas peristiwa yang menimbulkan kesan bahwa Islam tidak kompatibel dengan semangat zaman yang sudah mengglobal ini. Semangat dari diseminasi gagasan Muslim Progresif bisa menjadi alternatif yang ikut meramaikan diskursus keislaman yang berlangsung di masyarakat Indonesia. Namun demikian kontekstualisasinya di Indonesia juga diajukan dengan menengok ulang gagasan tentang neo-modernisme dan post-tradisionalisme yang secara substansial lebih lama keberadaannya. Dengan menggunakan meta-sintesis yang merupakan sintesis interpretatif dari data kualitatif penelitian ini berlangsung. Gagasan Muslim Progresif berambisi untuk menempatkan Islam pada posisi yang selaras dengan kemajuan modernitas namun tetap berpijak pada tradisi, dengan semangat kritis terhadap keduanya.
Keywords: Muslim Progresif, Kritik Ganda, Terlibat Dalam Tradisi dan Modernitas, neo-modernisme, post-tradisionalisme
 
Abstract
This article examines the idea of ​​Progressive Muslims as represented by Muslim Americans because of the horror and shock of the loss of innocent lives on 9/11. Added to this is the damage to the reputation of the Muslim community in many places due to events that give the impression that Islam is not compatible with the spirit of this globalized era. The spirit of disseminating Progressive Muslim ideas can be an alternative that enlivens the Islamic discourse that is taking place in Indonesian society. However, contextualization in Indonesia is also proposed by looking back at the ideas of neo-modernism and post-traditionalism which have been substantially longer in existence. By using a meta-synthesis which is an interpretative synthesis of qualitative data this research takes place. Progressive Muslim ideas have the ambition to place Islam in a position that is in line with the progress of modernity but still grounded in tradition, with a critical spirit towards both.
 
Keywords: Progressive Muslim, Double Criticism, Involved in Tradition and Modernity, Neo-modernism, Post-traditionalism
HUKUM WAKAF ANJING KEAMANAN MENURUT MAZHAB AL-ASYAFI’I DAN UNDANG-UNDANG WAKAF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Diwana Jeny Delfa , Badri Muhammad Arifin
Published: August 2024

Penggunaan anjing dalam menjaga keamanan atau melacak kejahatan telah dikenal sejak dahulu kala. Sebagaimana status anjing sebagai hewan najis dalam syari’at Islam juga telah diketahui secara luas oleh ummat Islam. Peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti keabsahan wakaf anjing keamanan, ditinjau dari sudut pandang mazhab Syafi’i dan undang-undang wakaf di Indonesia. Mazhab Syafi’i sebagai mazhab yang dianut oleh mayoritas ummat Islam Indonesia dikomparasikan dengan Undang-Undang Wakaf Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 42 Tahun 2006. Data terkait didapat dengan merujuk pada penelitian terdahulu, buku dan website resmi yang berkaitan tentang wakaf. Data yang berhasil diperoleh, dikaji dan dikomparasikan, sehingga menghasilkan diskripsi yang jelas tentang hukum wakaf anjing keamanan menurut mazhab Syafi’i dan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia tentang wakaf. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa kaedah mazhab Syafi’i menutup rapat ruang pewakafan anjing apapun jenisnya, sejalan dengan keharaman memperjual belikannya secara mutlak. Sedangkan Undang-Undang Wakaf dan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia membuka ruang pewakafan anjing keamanan.
TELAAH MAKNA CANTIK PERSPEKTIF IBN ḤAJAR AL-HAITAMI DAN MUḤAMMAD AL-RAMLI
Authors: Millatina Nurma , Athi'ullah Ibnur Rijal
Published: August 2024

Pemaknaan cantik dalam setiap tradisi memiliki ketentuan dan cara pandang yang berbeda tergantung dengan watak dan cara pandang individu maupun golongan masyarakat. Dalam perihal makna cantik ini, terdapat perbedaan pendapat di antara elit agama, yaitu antara Imam Ibn Ḥajar al-Haitamī dan Muḥammad al-Ramlī. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini hadir untuk mencapai beberapa hal adalah pertama, untuk mengetahui argumentasi makna cantik bagi perempuan muslimah dalam pernikahan menurut Ibn Ḥajar al-Haitamī. Kedua, untuk mengetahui argumentasi makna cantik bagi perempuan muslimah dalam pernikahan menurut Muḥammad al-Ramlī. Ketiga, untuk mengkomparasikan makna cantik bagi perempuan muslimah dalam pernikahan dalam perspektif Imam Ibn Ḥajar al-Haitamī  dan Muḥammad al-Ramlī. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan riset kepustakaan murni sebagai sumber datanya. Dari sini, dengan adanya penelitian ini besar harapan penulis dapat menjadi bekal pengetahuan bagi para laki-laki dalam menilai perempuan pilihannya yang hendak ia pinang.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP PENERAPAN SYARI'AT ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Tajrin Rizqiyah , Akbar Romadlon Dzulfikar
Published: August 2024

Kelompok Muslim eksklusif seringkali dianggap getol dalam penerapan hukum Islam, contohnya seperti pada kasus pencurian yang keinginan mereka dihukum potong tangan, cambuk untuk pelaku zina, dan berharap agar syari’at Islam diterapkan secara kaffah di Indonesia. Namun adanya kelompok non-Muslim merupakan bentuk realita sunnatullah yang tidak bisa dipungkiri keberadaannya. Konstitusi Indonesia sendiri merupakan cerminan dari konsep konstitusi Mitsaq Madinah bahwa dalam suatu negara harus  mengakui keberadaan agama yang sifatnya pun universal. Penelitian ini mengungkap bagaimana persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan syari’at Islam di Indonesia dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada siswa. Terdapat hasil bahwa ada siswa yang terindikasi menginginkan syari’at Islam diterapkan di Indonesia, namun tidak sedikit juga siswa yang tidak setuju jika syari’at Islam diterapkan di Indonesia.
CRIME OF CORRUPTION FROM LEGAL PERSPECTIVE POSITIVE AND ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Muslim Muslim , Afrizal Afrizal , Srg Syahruddin
Published: August 2024

Corruption is the act of rotten, dirty, and cheating, and from the positive Law and legal perspective Islam. corruption is an extraordinary crime and can even be categorized as transnational organized crime. However, the social reality in Indonesia and the World is that there is still a lot of corruption in Muslim    countries or countries with a majority Muslim population, including Indonesia. Thus, this paper examines how Corruption is studied as a crime (jarimah) from the perspective of Islam. The research was conducted by optimizing library data and analyzing secondary data. This study shows that this criminal act of corruption does not get a single discussion in Islamic Law but is likened to theft.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PAI DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN SIKAP HUMANIS SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 2 REJANG LEBONG
Authors: Sendi Okni Aisa Mutiara , Sari Dewi Purnama , Warlizasusi Jumira , Karolina Asri , Sutarto Sutarto
Published: August 2024

A humanistic state of mind can be created by guardians at domestic and instructors at school, one of which is through PAI learning. At SMP Negeri 2 Rejang Lebong understudies comprise of diverse ethnicities, societies and religions, these contrasts can trigger debate within the social life of understudies at school such as making companions with bunches, need of compassion to expect these issues, the PAI instructor at SMP N 2 Rejang Lebong creates a compassionate state of mind in PAI learning. The reason of this consider was to discover out the PAI learning demonstrate in creating the humanistic state of mind of understudies at SMP Negeri 2 Rejang Lebong. This consider employments a subjective strategy with a case ponder approach. The inquire about subjects were PAI instructors. This inquire about was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Rejang Lebong in odd/even scholarly a long time. The information collection procedure utilized in this investigate is meet perception and documentation. The information investigation technique employments the hypothesis of Miles and Huberman and case ponder examination concurring to creswell. This concider concludes that the humanistic state of mind created in PAI learning at SMP Negeri 2 Rejang Lebong is isolated into five bunches, the primary is to regard the conclusion of others (shared regard, resilience, kindness), the moment is participation (taught), and the third is willing to give up. (duty), the fourth cares around the environment, the fifth makes a difference (mutual cooperation state of mind). PAi learning materials untilized in creating a humanist state of mind comprise of a few primary materials, to be specific the Qur’an and Hadith, moral theology, fiqh, ski. The learning demonstrate untilized by PAI instructors to create the humanistic demeanor of understudies at SMP Negeri 2 Rejang Lebong is the agreeable learning show, issue based learning, disclosure learning, relevant instructing and learning and drict instruction.