bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sikap, Subyektif Normal, Dan Pengendalian Diri Untuk Terhadap Kinerja Agen Pemasaran Produk Hartal Mart
Authors: Ridwan  , Firdaus Achmad , Yasid Mokhamad
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of attitude has a significant influence on agent intentions, the influence of subjective norms on agent intentions, the effect of self-control on agent intentions in marketing halal mart products. This study uses the Theory Planned Behavior method and structured equation modeling (SEM) to see the effect of agents on the intentions and performance of agents to market halalmart products through measurement in terms of attitudes, subjective norms and self-control. The results of the research data show that attitudes, subjective norms and self-control have a significant and positive influence on the intentions of the agents to improve performance in marketing halalmart products.
Analisis Strategi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Dengan Pendekatan USG Dan SWOT
Authors: Yurianto Yurianto
Published: February 2020

The mosque in the history of Islamic civilization is a means to do da'wah and the development of Muslim economic resources. The purpose of this study is to identify the economic potential of the Nurul Iman Mosque, then to analyze the economic potential of the Nurul Iman Mosque in the economy, and to develop strategies in developing the mosque's economy. This study was conducted in a descriptive qualitative approach. The location of Nurul Iman Mosque is very strategic for business activities for the people. The most dominant factor in the economic development of a mosque is a factor in the large number of worshipers. With the cartesius diagram, it is concluded that the grand strategy in the framework of economic development of the Nurul Iman Mosque is the Strength and Opportunity (Strategy S-O) strategy.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF COURSEWARE BASED ON MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATIONS AND ARGUMENTS IN NUMBER THEORY COURSES
Authors: Rosita Cita Dwi
Published: February 2020

Courseware have an important role in the achievement of the objectives of education. Nevertheless, it does not mean any learning resources can be used for a type of learning. The teacher should provide and develop materials appropriate to the characteristics and the social environment of  its student. Number Theory courses is one of the basic subjects that would be a prerequisite for courses at the next level, such as Linear Algebra, Complex Analysis, Real Analysis, Transformation Geometry, and Algebra Structure. Thus, the student’s understanding about the essential concepts that exist in this course will determine their success in studying subjects that mentioned above. In trying to understand most of the topics in Number Theory required  the abilities of mathematical argumentation and representation. The ability of argumentation is required in studying the topic of complex number system, special operations, mathematical induction, congruence and divisibility. Ability representation especially verbal representations and symbols required by almost all the topics in this course. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of teaching and learning Number Theory materials which facilitate students to develop the ability of mathematical argumentation and representation. The model used is a Thiagarajan development model consisting phases of defining, planning, development, and deployment. This paper is restricted to the analysis of the results of the materials validation from number theory experts.
Democracy, expertise and loyalty: Spoils systems or experts’ oligarchy
Authors: Stanar Dragan
Published: February 2020

Virtue of loyalty represents one of the core virtues in democratic systems,
as it enables the will of citizens to be implemented via decisions of
elected government. Expertise represents a necessary attribute of every
successful state apparatus, and it is an inevitable ingredient of all
progress. This paper aims to explain the dynamic relationship between
expertise and loyalty of non-elected personnel in democratic societies, with
the focus on developing democracies, like the Serbian democracy. Neglection
of loyalty to the legitimately elected government in favor of expertise
undermines the core principles of democracy and drives a society into a sort
of ?expert oligarchy?, in which there is no equality, and the will of the
majority is ignored by the expert elite. On the other hand, neglection of
expertise of appointed personnel in favor of their loyalty, as seen in the
so-called spoils systems, is a recipe for a disaster and erosion of the
entire society, as it places the state in the hands of ignorant laymen who
can only offer unlimited loyalty. It is necessary to establish a minimum of
expertise and loyalty of appointed, non-elected, personnel in democracies in
order to create optimal conditions for progress. Inability to respect the
principle of minimal expertise when appointing personnel in state apparatus
suggests faulty policy and unfoundedness of policy of legitimately elected
government.
Reality as a media doctrine of consciousness reconstruction through press
Authors: Petrovic Radivoje , Bajic Predrag
Published: February 2020

The reality TV concept has a dominant role in some commercial television
stations with national frequency in Serbia. The tabloids, known for
sensationalism, banalisation and domination in the press market, became
their ?extended hand?, the promoters of their values. The focus of this
article is on daily newspapers in Serbia - the various reality TV-related
content on their front pages. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis,
the authors look for the principles, the communication technology and the
goals for which the domestic press promotes ?the reality values?. They have
analyzed front pages of eight daily newspapers in Serbia (Politika, Danas,
Vecernje novosti, Blic, Kurir, Alo, Srpski Telegraf and Informer) that were
published during October 2018 and found related content on about 28 percent
from the total number of front pages (counting the current reality TV
formats and the reality TV stars from the earlier seasons). The results show
a clear distinction between the serious press and the tabloids. The tabloids
are very strong accomplices in the process of diverting public attention
from important topics to trivia (in that context, for researching, the
authors use agenda-setting theory, framing theory and similar concepts). If
we look at five declared tabloids only, the share of front pages with
related content in the total number of front pages is about 44 percent. The
research identified another phenomenon - fabricating some other topics into
a ?reality concept?. Also, by comparison with previous studies, it was shown
that the aforementioned is not an isolated case in the selected period - it
is a continuous occurrence. Reality content as we see it on the domestic
scene is becoming more trivial from season to season and becoming more
dangerous for the power of rational reasoning by their users and observers.
Based on all of that, this content can be viewed through the meaning of
consciousness reconstruction.
Coronavirus (2019-nCov) Wuhan
Authors: Temte Jonathan
Published: February 2020

Coronaviruses are an incredibly diverse family of viruses, found in many animal species, and are commonly encountered in clinical practice during the cold and flu season.  We often encounter the common coronaviruses (HKU1, NL63, 229E and OC43) in our surveillance and epidemiological studies in schools, clinics and long-term care settings.
Synthesis of a novel amide derivative of valproic acid and 1,3,4-thiadiazole with antiepileptic activity
Authors: Malygin A.S. , Demidova M.A. , Skachilova S.Ya. , Shilova E.V.
Published: February 2020

Valproates are commonly used to treat various forms of epilepsy. Problems accompanying their clinical application include drug resistance, adverse effects, acute and chronic toxicity. Safer anticonvulsants with improved efficacy can be obtained through the chemical modification of valproic acid structure. Thiadiazole-linked amide derivatives of valproates hold great promise because 1,3,4-thiadiazole can improve the drug’s bioavailability and reduce its toxicity. The aim of this work was to synthesize a novel amide derivative of valproic acid and 1,3,4-thiadiazole exerting antiepileptic activity. The chemical structure of the synthesized valproate was studied by IR, proton NMR and 13С-NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The purity and individuality of the compound was confirmed by thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography. Its antiepileptic activity was assessed in the test with intraperitoneally injected 250 mg/kg isoniazid and subsequent Probit analysis. The synthesized N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-propyl pentane amide (valprazolamide) had the following characteristics. ESI+MS: m/z 256.1 [M + H]+; MRM transitions: m/z 256.1 — m/z 81.0 and m/z 130.1. The valproate exerted antiepileptic activity against isoniazid-induced seizures in mice. In the test with isoniazid, ED50 of intraperitoneally injected VPZ was 126.8 mg/kg (95% CI: 65.5–245.4). Its therapeutic index was 7.3.
Синтез нового амидного производного вальпроевой кислоты и 1,3,4-тиадиазола с противоэпилептической активностью
Authors: Малыгин А. С. , Демидова М. А. , Скачилова С. Я. , Шилова Е. В.
Published: February 2020

Вальпроаты являются основными препаратами для лечения эпилепсии различных форм. Среди проблем, возникающих при их клиническом использовании, — фармакорезистентность, нежелательные побочные реакции, а также проявления острой и хронической интоксикации. Путем модификации химической структуры вальпроевой кислоты возможно создание более эффективных и безопасных антиконвульсантов. Перспективно получение тиадиазолиламидных производных вальпроатов, так как 1,3,4-тиадиазол может повышать биодоступность и снижать токсичность лекарственных средств. Целью работы был синтез нового амидного производного вальпроевой кислоты и 1,3,4-тиадиазола с противоэпилептической активностью. Химическую структуру синтезированного вальпроата исследовали методами ИК-спектроскопии, 1Н-ЯМР, 13С-ЯМР-спектроскопии, масс-спектроскопии и элементного анализа. Чистоту и индивидуальность подтверждали методами тонкослойной и высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографий. Противоэпилептическую активность оценивали в тесте антагонизма с изониазидом (250 мг/кг, интраперитонеально) у мышей методом пробит-анализа. В результате исследования был получен N-(5-этил-1,3,4-тиадиазол-2-ил)-2-пропилпентанамид (вальпразоламид). ESI+-масс-спектр N-(5-этил-1,3,4-тиадиазол-2-ил)-2-пропилпентанамида — m/z 256,1 [M + H]+, MRM-переходы — m/z 256,1 — m/z 81,0 и m/z 130,1. Синтезированный вальпроат оказывал противоэпилептическое действие при изониазид-индуцированных судорогах у мышей. Значение ED50 (интраперитонеально, мыши) в тесте антагонизма с изониазидом составило 126,8 мг/кг (95% ДИ: 65,5–245,4). Терапевтический индекс был равен 7,3.
Criteria for determining the effectiveness of the law
Authors: Rybakov Vladimir A.
Published: February 2020

The subject of the article concerns the assessment of the effectiveness of law.       

The purpose of the article is to identify indicators that reflect the effectiveness of the law.

The methodology of the research includes complex analysis of scientific legal literature, synthesis of ideas as well as formal-legal method of interpretation of legal acts.

The main results and scope of their application. More than 2500 existing normative legal acts of the Russian Federation contain various requirements for improving the efficiency of legal regulation. The complexity of the study is caused by the lack of a common understanding of the phenomenon. The effectiveness of the law is often understood by many authors as the ability to influence public relations in a certain direction useful for society; or as the ability to influence positively on social relations at the lowest cost; or as fundamental feasibility, predetermined by common knowledge, clarity and consistency of legal norms; the correspondence between the objectives of the legislator and development of social relations.           An indicator of the effectiveness of legislation is a criterion for determining the degree of achievement of the goals and objectives of legal regulation. The indicators that are offered by scientists for assessment the effectiveness of law, has logical defects. These indicators are^ frequency of application of laws that are estimated for the effectiveness (I. Samoshchenko, V. I. Nikitinsky, A. B. Vengerov); measure of conflict regulated by this norm of social relations (V. Lapaeva); proportional ratio of the number of facts of lawful behavior to the number of cases of illegal behavior (T. Geiger and E. Hirsch), etc.

Conclusions. The following formula can be proposed to determine the effectiveness of the law: effectiveness = LR2–LR1, where: LR1 - initial legal relations, and LR2 – the state of legal relations on the current date. Effectiveness can be measured in this formula in a number of violations and satisfied claims and complaints. There is no direct connection with the goal of legal regulation in this formula but it is possible, to trace the dynamics of the effectiveness of law with this formula by using statistics data.
Axiological approach in financial law (review of the conference "Axiology in the financial law of Central and Eastern Europe", Grodno, September 19-20, 2019)
Authors: Maslov Kirill V.
Published: February 2020

The report on the speeches of the participants of the scientific conference "Axiology in the financial law of Central and Eastern Europe" is presented in the article. The conference was organized by Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno and Center for Public Finance of Central and Eastern Europe and took place in Grodno on September, 19-20, 2019. The most relevant topics were: the essence of legal values, constitutional basis of financial law, axiological approach to budgetary system, fiscal federalism, taxation of cross-border trans-actions, tax security.
Self-regulatory organizations as legal entities of public law
Authors: Masalab Anna F.
Published: February 2020

The subject. The legal status of self-regulatory organizations based on the principle of mandatory membership was chosen as the subject of the research.

The purpose of the article is to study the features of subjects of administrative law, vested with public powers, and substantiate the possibility of attribution of self-regulatory organizations with mandatory membership to legal entities of public law.

The methodological basis for the study: general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, description) as well as formal-legal interpretation of legislation and judicial acts.

Results, scope of application. Two types of subjects can take part in administrative relations, as a rule: subjects performing public functions and endowed with authority for their implementation, and subjects not endowed with appropriate powers and representing an exclusively private interest. At the same time, the first group of subjects includes not only public-territorial entities, state authorities, but also organizations performing publicly significant functions.

The legal definition of a legal entity does not reflect all the features of the legal status of these subjects, that is why the author refers to the concept of a legal entity of public law. Legal entities of public law have a special nature, different from legal entities of private law, since they have the right to make decisions affecting an indefinite range of persons.

Conclusions. The analysis of the features of the legal entity of public law allocated in the literature (special legal nature; special social quality; special interests and will; connection with the public power; special way of creation; public-legal character of responsibility) allowed to justify that self-regulatory organizations are the kind of legal entities of public law - organizations performing publicly significant functions.
ORIENTATION LOCK: ON? ASPECT RATIO IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: DOROFTE Alexandru
Published: February 2020

The shape of a video (aspect ratio) is subject for debate for more than 100 years. From film to television to digital and mobile, the aspect ratio of video went from almost square to super wide. After the arrival of video capable mobile phone, everything started to go backwards. We first observed unintentional vertical videos, then square video created especially for mobile devices and even some vertical platforms that encourage users to only create vertical videos. This study aims to provide a systematic review of the most common aspect ratios throughout the history of film and video, but most of all to describe the current situation and possible trends regarding the aspect ratio of modern videos – what are the most common aspect ratios, in what situations are the used, are the trends indicating the increase of vertical or horizontal? The quantitative research conducted on over 3000 videos posted on Facebook shows that most common shape for video right now is square, but vertical videos are also of high interest. 1:1 aspect ratio may be a transition from landscape to vertical. As users become video producers themselves, more and more content is being created. The traditional video producing workflow is being challenged and it becomes apparent how that user-generated content is gaining on professional produced video.
AD-BLOCKERS, TRACKERS, AND HOW READERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO OBSTRUCT DIGITAL PUBLICATIONS’ REVENUES
Authors: STIPIUC Andrei
Published: February 2020

Online publications that use outdated web platforms still support themselves financially through old-fashioned ad promotion methods inserted into the web pages of press articles. While many readers harm the publications they read by blocking advertisements or using Read It Later technologies (in most browsers) or content curation and bookmarking tools (Pocket, Feedly, Instapaper), which involve the extraction of the text for "clean" reading formats or stripping the extra content from the site, the Romanian media landscape bursts with publications which do not fully understand the effects of blocking advertisements on the web and the impact on revenues from old forms of advertising such as pay per click, per view, per acquisition, or ad-words. Or, if they are doing it, they are exposing the users to some data privacy risks. In the first part of the article, we will try to outline how these technologies and applications offer readers a less distracted reading experience, as well as how much online advertising revenues on which newsrooms depend upon were affected. In the second part, we will try to illustrate the ways in which the media could convince the audience to abandon the blocking software or to propose and adopt, if they have not already done so, new financing models: reader revenue (by partial or full subscriptions) or CPM (cost per thousand impressions) partnerships. The study contains a brief recording and analysis of the number of ads and online trackers present in the homepages and throughout the articles of 5 mainstream media publications and 4 unaffiliated publications, as reported by Ad-Blocker Plus and Disconnect Mozilla Firefox add-ons.
2nd GCC Marine Biotechnology conference: emerging opportunities and future perspectives
Authors: Dobretsov Sergey
Published: February 2020

2nd GCC Marine biotechnology conference was held at Sultan Qaboos University, 31 October – 1 November 2017. The conference was organized by the Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, SQU. The conference focused on four major themes, including Genetics and biodiversity, Marine biofouling and its prevention, Marine natural products, and Aquaculture and fisheries. In total, 160 delegates from 23 different countries were registered for this conference and 106 delegates attended the conference. One plenary lecture and three keynote addresses were given, 39 oral and 30 poster presentations were made. The final session reviewed national and regional issues and identified some of the main challenges in marine biotechnology in the region.
Bacterial Infection in Farmed Barramundi Juveniles, Lates calcarifer
Authors: Al Khaziri Buthaina , Al Sulimani Adil , Al Mandhari Najla , Yoon Gilha , Al-Busaidi Azhar
Published: February 2020

In 2016, Barramundi, Lates calcaifer juveniles imported from Thailand to the aquaculture station at Sultan Qaboos University exhibited remarkable external clinical signs of losing scales, severe muscle necrosis, and ascites. Fin rot was also observed in the diseased fish. The mortality reached more than 90 % and it was assumed that certain bacterial species were associated with the diseased fish. The objective of the present study was to investigate the infection route of disease, revealing the causative agent and finding the most effective antibiotic treatment. The suspected pathogen vehicle was mosquito larvae in the outlet of the culture tank as bacterium was isolated inside the mosquito larvae. Primary, traditional phenotypic tests and the vitic test confirmed that the bacteria were pathogenic Aeromonas sobria and Lactococcus garvieae. Eight of the most commonly used antibiotics in the aquaculture industry was used for antibiotic susceptibility test. It showed that that Gentamycin was the most effective antibiotic while the most effective environmentally friendly source was henna, Lawsonia inermis, at a concentration of 10%.
Extraction of Natural Colors from Marine Algae
Authors: Alam Tanveer -
Published: February 2020

Abstract:The pigment content in microalgae is a specific feature of each species. Colors from natural sources are gaining more importance mainly due to health and environmental issues. Algae contain a wide range of pigments. Three major classes of pigments are chlorophylls, carotenoids (carotenes and xanthophylls) and phycobilins (Phycocyanin and phycoerythrin). Phycocyanin and phycoerythrin belong to the major class of phycobilins photosynthetic pigment while fucoxanthin and peridinin belong to carotenoid group of photosynthetic pigment. Macro- and microalgae (including cyanobacteria) have been recognized to provide a wide diversity of metabolites including pigments for energy capture and photo-protection. One of the main objectives is to identify and select potential micro- and macroalgae species that can be used a raw material for the color industry.
Evaluation of Greenhouse Cucumber Production Sustainability in Terms of Energy Use Efficiency
Authors: Al-Mezeini Nawal Khamis , Al-Ismaili Abdulrahim M. , Tabook Said M.
Published: February 2020

Sustainable agricultural production could be assessed through energy-use efficiency (EUE). Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the EUE for cucumber greenhouse production in Oman. Data were obtained by interviewing farmers (face-to-face). Result indicated that total energy inputs (e.g. electricity, water, fertilizers and agrochemicals) and total energy output (cucumber yield) were 1159726.0 MJ ha-1 and 89942.9 MJ ha-1, respectively. The highest energy consuming input in the greenhouse production was electricity, consuming 88% of total energy input. This indicates that electricity had again the highest impact in cucumber greenhouse production and 99% of electricity goes for cooling the greenhouse. When all energy inputs were classified into its forms; direct (D) and indirect (ID), and renewable (R) and non-renewable (NR), the highest portion of total energy forms in greenhouse cucumber production was for D and NR energy. The EUE and energy productivity (EP) were found to be 0.07 and 0.10 kg MJ-1, respectively. Energy use in greenhouse cucumber production was inefficient and solar energy need to be implemented to improve cucumber greenhouse sustainability production.
Effect of processing methods on consumer's acceptability and proximate composition of yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis)
Authors: Ayeloja Ayodeji Ahmed , George F. O.A. , Jimoh W. A. , Abdulsalami S. A.
Published: February 2020

Effect of processing methods on consumer’s acceptability and proximate composition of yellow croaker was investigated. The experiment was completely randomized design where the treatments were the various processing methods employed. 12kg frozen yellow croaker fish were purchased, cut into chunks, divided into 4 groups of 3kg each, each group was salted and then subjected to different processing methods including: sun drying, deep- frying, solar drying and smoking. After processing, the products were subjected to organoleptic assessment using hedonic scale while the proximate composition was determined using standard experimental procedures.  The result of this study indicates that the odour and flavour of smoked fish product were significantly (p < 0.01) preferred by consumers above other products. Solar dried fish product had highest percentage crude protein followed by smoked fish product while smoked fish product had the highest crude ash. This study suggests that it is better to process yellow croaker by solar drying and smoking so as to get good nutrients.
Manipulating Some Culturing Conditions Enhances Production of Solanine in Microshoots, Callus and Cell suspension Cultures of Solanum nigrum L.: A Wild Medicinal Plant
Authors: Shibli Rida A
Published: February 2020

Solanum nigrum L. is a medicinal plant of solanaceae family with distinguished therapeutic properties. Traditionally, S. nigrum. had been used as an anti-tumorgenic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antipyretic agent. The most important alkaloid member in this plant is solanine. Therefore, this study was conducted to utilize tissue culture techniques for the enhancement of solanine production in the in vitro grown cultures of this promising neglected plant. For callus growth and development experimental part, the highest callus growth parameters (callus diameter (21.4 mm) and callus fresh weight (2202.4 mg) were obtained in callus grown on Murashige & Skoog MS media supplemented with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.0 mg·L-1) plus 1.5 mg·L-1 Thidiazuron. Similar trend was also obtained in cell suspension culture experiment, as maximum growth was recorded at similar hormone combination. Moreover, High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that, solanine was affected by growth regulator type and concentration. The highest solanine levels were obtained when the explants were treated with 6-benzylaminopurine at level of 2.0 mg·L-1, as solanine content reached up to (2.61, 1.53 mg.g-1) for callus and cell suspension, respectively, while, microshoot contained the highest solanine (4.52 mg.g-1 DW) at 6-benzylaminopurine level of 1.6 mg.L-1. Additionally, carbon source had positively affected solanine level, where 0.2 M sucrose resulted in production of the highest amounts (3.13, 2.03 and 1.20 mg.g-1 DW) of solanine in microshoots, callus and cell suspension, respectively. Also, exposing microshoots and callus to light intensity of (100 µmol.m -2 s-1) yielded the highest solanine content (4.03 and 1.26 mg.g-1 DW, respectively),while the lowest solanine levels (1.50 and 0.48 mg.g-1 DW) were observed in plant material exposed to the lowest light intensity treatment (25 µmol.m -2 s-1) .
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL DAN INDIVIDUAL TERHADAP RISIKO EKSPROPRIASI PADA PERUSAHAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Imam Muh Abdi
Published: February 2020

tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji  secara empiris pengaruh kepemilikan institusional dan kepemilikan individual  terhadap risiko ekspropriasi pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia priode 2010-2014.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengunduh ringkasan laporan keuangan perusahaan non keuangan. Sampel terpilih sebanyak 71 perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2010-2014. Data dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda menggunakan SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh negatif terhadap risiko ekspropriasi dan kepemilikan individual berpengaruh positif terhadap resiko ekspropriasi
Analisis penyebab lemahnya fungsi sosial dan fungi bisnis Baitul Mal Wa Tamwil di Kota Makassar
Authors: Ridha Rasyid
Published: February 2020

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Penyebab lemahnya fungsi sosial dan fungsi Bisnis BMT tersebut adalah faktor Sumber Daya Manusia paling dominan menjadi penyebab lemahnya fungsi sosial dan bisnis BMT di kota Makassar, setelah itu faktor manajemen, faktor metode dan prosedur kerja, faktor dana, dan faktor lingkungan. Langkah prioritas yang penting dilakukan oleh para pengelola BMT adalah pembenahan peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas pengurus, staf maupun karyawan, melalui pelatihan-pelatihan.Implikasi penelitian terhadap Analisis Penyebab Lemahnya Fungsi Sosial dan Fungsi Bisnis BMT di Kota Makassar akan  memberikan informasi dan pemahaman bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan lemahnya fungsi sosial dan bisnis  BMT di Kota Makassar, dari temuan beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan pelemahan BMT tersebut, maka perlu evaluasi kembali tentang implementasi filosofi BMT sebagai lembaga yang mengemban fungsi sosial dan fungsi bisnis sekaligus
Konsep Islam Wasathiyah Sebagai Wujud Islam Rahmatan lil ‘alamin: Peran Nu dan Muhammadiyah dalam Mewujudkan Islam Damai di Indonesia
Authors: Niam Zainun Wafiqatun
Published: February 2020

The one of anxieties facing Muslims is about acts of violence in the name of Islam. Qur'an has mentioned that the Prophet was sent on earth as a mercy (rahmah) to the universe, and then the “rahmah” in question is to be implemented as such? Indonesia as a country with the largest Muslim population in the world is famous for Islam that is able to merge with the diversity of race, religion and culture. One of the things that influenced one of them is the existence of the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia NU and Muhammadiyah who always try to show Islam wasathiyah and rahmah. The existence of NU and Muahammadiyah is believed to be a great support to the peace of Indonesia with all its diversity. This paper is intended to further explore the concept of wasathiyah NU and Muhammadiyah in an effort to realize a peaceful Islam in Indonesia. The research method used is literature research using resources such as books, journal articles and mass media to analyze the concept of Islamic organization NU and Muhammadiyah. The results show that NU and Muhammadiyah carry the same concept to show the peaceful face of Islam that can unite with the differences. This is evidenced by the concept brought by each of both Islam Nusantara and Islam berkemajuan.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF Hericium erinaceus, Hericium americanum AND Hericium coralloides
Authors: Atila Funda
Published: February 2020

The aim of this work was to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of Hericium erinaceus, Hericium americanum and Hericium coralloides, including free radical scavenging method (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and radical cation scavenging method (ABTS). Hericium spp exhibited moderate to high antioxidant activity. The highest TPC (3.27 ±0.01 mg GAE g–1) and antioxidant activity values (17.0 ±0.68 mmol TE g‒1 in FRAP; EC50 = 4.12 ±0.12 mg mL‒1 in DPPH•; EC50 = 2.83 ± 0.10 mg mL‒1 in ABTS•+) were found for methanol extracts of H. coralloides. The TPC and antioxidant activity of H. erinaceus isolates varied from strain to strain. H. americanum possessed considerably lower total phenolic content (2.31 ±0.01 mg GAE g‒1) and antioxidant activity (10.5 ±0.59 mmol TE g‒1 in FRAP; EC50 = 7.82 ±0.09 mg mL‒1 in DPPH•; EC50 = 6.36 ± 0.12 mg mL‒1 in ABTS•+) than H. coralloides and H. erinaceus. A high correlation was determined between TPC and ABTS•+ (r2 = 0.855), DPPH• (r2 = 0.969) and FRAP (r2 = 0.942). According to results obtained in the present study, Hericium spp., especially H. coralloides and some of H. erinaceus isolates, might be promising natural source of antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical industry.
THE ASSESMENT OF TEN APPLE CULTIVARS AND THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY ON BRUISING AFTER STORAGE AND SHELF-LIFE OF FRUIT TREATED WITH 1-MCP
Authors: Lipa Tomasz , Szot Iwona , Dobrzański Jr. Bohdan , Kapłan Magdalena
Published: February 2020

Control fruits and fruits subjected to 1-MCP application were placed in cold storage at 2°C, 90% r.h. for 18 weeks. The susceptibility of ten apple cultivars: ‘Beni Shogun’, ‘Braeburn Hillwell’, ‘Elise’, ‘Gloster’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Idared’, ‘Jonagold Decosta’, ‘Ligol’, ‘Mutsu’ and ‘Šampion’ was tested using an impact test to obtain bruising of fruits. The analyses were performed on fruits immediately after harvest and four times after different period of cold storage (9 and 18 weeks) and shelf-life (7 days). The following analysis and characteristics of apples were determined: soluble solids content, dry matter content, acidity, fruit mass and size, and firmness. Impact test was carried out by dropping a glass ball with a mass of 25.68 g from height of 40 cm, due to which kinetic energy value of 0.1 J was obtained. Slight differences in acidity and soluble solid content were observed. On the other hand, stress noticed at firmness test was significantly higher for fruits treated with 1-MCP. It was also observed that firmness decreases after the shelf-life and after storage of fruit at room temperature. The ‘Beni Shogun’ apples fruits stored for 9 weeks are most susceptible to bruising (volume = 438.26 mm3). After cold storage, less susceptible cultivar was ‘Szampion’, for which the volume of fruit bruise was 145.62 mm3 only. After 9 weeks of cold storage, for most cultivars, there was no significant differences in bruise volume; however, the shelf-life had significant influence by differing the cultivars, and for all studied cultivars, the bruise volume was lower.
MICROORGANISMS COLONIZING THE LEAVES, SHOOTS AND ROOTS OF BOXWOOD (Buxus sempervirens L.)
Authors: Kurzawińska HALINA , Mazur Stanisław , Nawrocki Jacek
Published: February 2020

Buxus sempervirens (L.) is an evergreen shrub often used in urban plantings intended for forming the trimmed hedges, as well as for creating geometrical shapes. Its decorative qualities are often diminished by the effects of pathogens colonizing the roots, shoots and leaves. The study was conducted in three consecutive growing seasons. The experimental material originated from a nursery located in southern Poland. The subjects under study were diseased leaves, stems and roots of the boxwood variety ‘Suffruticosa’. Samples consisting of 720 diseased fragments of the shrub were taken for mycological examination. Mycological isolations were performed according to the standard methods used in phytopathology. A total of 1059 colonies of fungi and fungus-like organisms were isolated from the diseased boxwood plants. The fungus Alternaria alternata dominated among all the isolates. The pathogens frequently isolated from the leaves included Macrophoma candollei, Volutella buxi and Fusarium buxicola. Those frequently isolated from the shoots included: Pestalotiopsis sydowiana, Volutella buxi and Fusarium avenaceum. The root system, in turn, was colonized in large numbers by: Fusarium oxysporum, F. avenaceum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora cinnamomi. Results of the three-year study show a comprehensive participation of phytopathogens in the disease process affecting the boxwood variety ‘Suffruticosa’.
SUSTAINABLE MICROPROPAGATION OF SELECTED Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni GENOTYPES
Authors: Kaplan Begum , Duraklioglu Selda , Turgut Kenan
Published: February 2020

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial plant belonging to Asteraceae family and its leaves contain steviol glycosides (SGs) that are 150 to 300 times sweeter than sucrose. The sweeteners obtained from S. rebaudiana can be safely used by diabetics as insulin secretion is not required during digestion of this sweetener. As it has zero calories, it is also used in diet products. Adaptation studies for Stevia conducted in Antalya, Turkey have shown that the stevia plant could easily be cultivated as a perennial. However, the lack of a sustainable vegetative propagation method creates a significant problem for stevia production. In the generatively populations, homogeneity and therefore quality are decreased because of cross-pollination. Stevia, as a self-incompatible and cross-pollinated species, has been shown to have very high genetic diversity. Therefore, development of a sustainable in vitro propagation method to prevent genetic heterogeneity of selected varieties is crucial for stevia cultivation. The aim of this study was to evaluate 2 different gelling agents (plant agar and Gelrite) and 20 different growth regulators combinations. The results demonstrated an approximately 200-fold multiplication rate obtained within 13 weeks using MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·dm–3 BAP and 0.25 mg·dm–3 kinetin and solidified with Gelrite. Average stevioside and rebaudioside A contents in in vitro propagated plant samples were found to be 8.1% and 8.6%, respectively.
DETERMINATION OF PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN WALNUT (Juglans regia L.) VARIETIES
Authors: Gülsoy Ersin , Kuş Emrah , Altıkat Sefa
Published: February 2020

In this research, we examined some of the physical (fruit dimensions, geometric mean diameter sphericity and surface area) and mechanical (puncture force, deformation, energy absorption and hardness) properties on the four different domestic (Şebin, Kaman, Bilecik and Yalova-3) and two different foreign (Chandler and Fernor) walnut (Juglans regia) varieties. For this purpose, we applied puncture force on the walnuts at the direction of width orientation (x–x), length orientation (y–y) and suture orientation (z‒z). According to obtained results, there are significant differences among the walnut varieties for crustacean walnut weight and walnut weight. The maximum and minimum values of crustacean walnut weight were observed as 18.27 g and 10.98 g for Kaman and Chandler, respectively. In addition to these results, Bilecik has a maximum walnut weight – 8.71 g, while the minimum walnut weight was observed for Yalova-3 – 4.57 g. Furthermore, geometric mean diameter and sphericity values ranged to 31.93–38.57 mm and 82.78–92.54%, respectively. There are statistically significant differences on the puncture force, deformation, energy absorption and hardness according to the load axes. The maximum and minimum puncture force values were determined at the Fernor (572 N) with y–y axes and Chandler (211.9 N) with z–z axes, respectively. Also, the highest hardness and the lowest deformation values were obtained for Kaman (y–y axes) and the highest deformation and the lowest hardness were determined at Bilecik (x–x axes). The energy absorption values changed as follows: 0.455–1.086 J, 0.404–0.985 J and 0.426–1.051 J for x–x, y–y and z–z axes, respectively.
SILEK MINANGKABAU DALAM KHAZANAH PENCAK SILAT INDONESIA: PROSES PEWARISAN DAN UPAYA PEMERINTAH DALAM MELESTARIKANNYA
Authors: Hijriani Ika
Published: February 2020

Sumatera Barat atau juga dikenal sebagai Ranah Minangkabau merupakan daerah di Indonesia yang sangat berkembang tradisi pencak silatnya. Pencak silat disana dikenal dengan julukan silek. Banyak aliran silek yang tumbuh subur dan berkembang di ranah Minang. Sebagai daerah yang memiliki tradisi pencak silat, Sumatera Barat menjadi salah satu daerah yang dijadikan lokasi penelitian tradisi pencak silat yang akan diusulkan ke Unesco. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi proses pewarisan silek dan upaya pemerintah dalam melestarikan silek. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan juga kelompok diskusi terpumpun sebagai cara untuk mendapatkan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pewarisan silek berjalan dengan sangat baik, terbukti di setiap nagari/desa terdapat sasaran atau tempat berlatih silek. Demikian pula upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah mulai dari pemerintah kanagarian, sampai kepada pemerintah provinsi sangat mendukung kelestarian silek. Berbagai festival di tingkat desa bahkan sampai di tingkat internasional difasilitasi oleh pemerintah daerah bekerjasama dengan komunitas silek.
PEMETAAN LEVEL MOTIVASI SISWA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERPENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK
Authors: Mustofa Zainul
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan level motivasi siswa terhadap pembelajaran fisika berpendekatan saintifik. Hal ini penting karena motivasi berkorelasi positif dengan pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei dengan jumlah responden 24 siswa kelas X di SMK Al Munawwariyyah, Malang pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017-2018. Kuisioner terdiri atas 6 domain yaitu physics learning value, active learning strategies, self-efficacy, performance goal, Achievement goal, dan Learning Environment Stimulation. Domain physics learning value menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 75% menyatakan bahwa fisika adalah penting dan bermanfaat bagi kehidupan sehari-hari. Domain active learning strategies menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 50% siswa aktif dalam menghubungkan konsep dengan pengalaman sebelumnya. Domain self-efficacy menunjukkan sekitar 50% berkeyakinan dapat memahami fisika dengan baik, tetapi hanya sekitar 30% yang berkeyakinan mampu menyelesaikan soal fisika dan cenderung menyerah saat bertemu dengan soal yang sulit. Domain performance goal menunjukkan bahwa 50% siswa berusaha aktif agar mendapatkan nilai yang baik, tetapi tidak bertujuan untuk kelihatan lebih baik dari yang lain maupun mendapatkan perhatian dari guru. Domain Achievement goal menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 60% saja yang merasa puas dengan nilai baik, tetapi 96% siswa lebih puas ketika mampu memahami dan memecahkan masalah fisika. Domain Learning Environment Stimulation menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 60% siswa berpartisipasi aktif di kelas karena guru menggunakan berbagai macam metode, tidak menekan siswa, memfasilitasi siswa untuk aktif dalam setiap kegiatan baik teori maupun praktek. Temuan ini bermanfaat dalam penyusunan pembelajaran fisika lebih lanjut yang mempertimbangankan faktor motivasi agar dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di kelas fisika.
Wybrane procesy kształtujące geografię jako kierunek studiów w Polsce w XXI wieku
Authors: Piróg Danuta
Published: February 2020

Przemiany społeczne i gospodarczo-polityczne, które charakteryzują się bardzo dużą dynamiką w ostatnich latach, ukształtowały współczesny obraz polskiego społeczeństwa oraz w znaczący sposób wpłynęły na uczelnie wyższe. Geografia akademicka musiała ewoluować po to aby realizować założenia procesu bolońskiego, reform szkolnictwa oraz pozostać wybieranym przez młodzież kierunkiem kształcenia.Celem artykułu jest ukazanie wpływu głównych procesów oddziałujących obecnie na szkolnictwo wyższe oraz na geografię jako kierunek studiów. W ujęciu makro rozważono uwolnienie rynku pracy i rynku usług edukacyjnych, integrację z systemem bolońskim, przemiany demograficzne, ewolucję aspiracji polskiego społeczeństwa wobec wykształcenia i kariery zawodowej. W odniesieniu do geografii uwagę skupiono na zmianach w szeroko pojętej percepcji geografii szkolnej, zainteresowaniu młodzieży podejmowaniem tych studiów i motywach wyboru geografii wśród osób ją studiujących. Omówiono znaczenie konkurencji wewnętrznej i zewnętrznej, w której dziś funkcjonuje ten kierunek studiów oraz formalnego podziału geografii jako dyscypliny naukowej, wynikającego z wdrażanej ustawy Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce z 20 lipca 2018 roku.
Evaluasi dan Proyeksi Kebutuhan Bangunan Terminal Bandar Udara Internasional Kualanamu
Authors: Permatasari Andi Asri , Sandhyavitri Ari , Malik Alfian
Published: February 2020

Bandara Internasional Kualanamu yang terletak di Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Provinsi Sumatera Utara memiliki luas eksisting (2016) seluas 118.930 m2 yang berkapasitas 8,9 juta penumpang per tahunnya yang dapat menampung penumpang pada jam sibuk sebanyak 4.134 penumpang. Hal ini menyebabkan kekhawatiran akan kapasitas bangunan terminal yang tidak dapat melayani kebutuhan penumpang pada tahun 2030. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan membuat proyeksi rencana kebutuhan bangunan terminal penumpang (2020-2030). Metodologi statistik regresi linier berganda diaplikasikan dalam membuat proyeksi penumpang ini. Volume penumpang dipakai sebagai variabel terikat (dependent variable).  Adapun jumlah penduduk (Pdd) Provinsi Sumatera Utara dan  PDRB Perkapita atas Dasar Harga Konstan Tahun 2010 (Pkt) Provinsi Sumatera Utara sebagai variabel bebas (independent variable) dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 23.0 serta Microsoft Excel maka dihasilakan, PDRB Perkapita (atas Dasar Harga Konstan Tahun 2010) berpenaruh kuat pada pertumbuhan penumpang domestic.  Persamaan proyeksi volume penumpang = -9.098.309,11 + 0,498 Pkt dengan R2 0,935. Berdasarkan KP Nomor 482 Tahun 2018 tentang Rencana Induk Bandar Udara (RIB) Internasional Kualanamu Kabupaten Deli Serdang Provinsi Sumatera Utara digarisbawahi pentingnya pengembangan Bandar udara ini dimasa yang akan datang. Berdasarkan RIB dan penelitian ini pengembangan  luasan bangunan terminal ini perlu dibuat secara bertahap. Rencana tahap 1 (2020-2025) diproyeksi kebutuhan luas bangunan terminal adalah 154.700 m2 dan untuk pengembangan tahap 2 (tahun 2025-2030) kebutuhan bangunan terminal adalah seluas 223.000 m2.
Desain Kolam Retensi Pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Bekala
Authors: Zevri Asril
Published: February 2020

Kota Medan merupakan salah satu kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang mengalami perubahan tata guna lahan akibat adanya pertambahan jumlah penduduk dengan tingkat kelahiran yang cukup tinggi. Perubahan tata guna lahan di sekitar DAS memberikan dampak yang buruk terhadap kemampuan menampung debit aliran. DAS Deli menjadi salah satu DAS yang mencakup wilayah Kota Medan dengan memiliki beberapa Sub Das salah satunya yaitu Sub DAS Bekala. Musim hujan dengan intensitas yang tinggi dan waktu yang lama mengakibatkan wilayah Kota Medan berubah menjadi daerah genangan banjir akibat meluapnya tinggi muka air banjir khususnya Sungai Bekala. Dampak banjir yang terjadi mengakibatkan kerugian bagi masyarakat di Kota Medan sehingga perlu adanya solusi yang efektif dalam pengendalian banjir Kota Medan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan desain kolam retensi di DAS Bekala berdasarkan debit banjir kala ulang dengan debit kapasitas penampang Sungai Bekala. Lingkup kegiatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menganalisa curah hujan harian rata-rata maksimum DAS Bekala, curah hujan harian maksimum kala ulang 2 s/d 100 tahun, debit banjir kala ulang 2 s/d 100 tahun, debit kolam retensi, dan desain kolam retensi.  Hasil analisa studi menjelaskan yaitu debit kolam retensi DAS Bekala mencapai 94.37 m3/det dengan lama waktu puncak banjir 3.37 jam. Simulasi volume total tampungan kolam retensi DAS Bekala mencapai 907,769.80 m3 dengan rencana dimensi luasan 50 ha dan tinggi 1.82 m. Rencana dimensi bangunan intake lebar 4 m, bukaan pintu 3 m, dan tinggi 4 m dengan jumlah sebanyak 3-unit dan dimensi bangunan pintu penguras lebar 2 m, bukaan pintu 0.5 m, dan tinggi 1 m sebanyak 1 unit.