bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volumetric Modeling of Adrenal Gland Size in Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenocortical Hyperplasia
Authors: Wurth Rachel , Tirosh Amit , Kamilaris Crystal D C , Camacho Jancarlos , Faucz Fabio R , Maria Andrea Gutierrez , Berthon Annabel , Papadakis Georgios Z , Nilubol Naris , Hamimi Ahmed , Gharib Ahmed M , Demidowich Andrew , Zilbermint Mihail , Eisenhofer Graeme , Braun Leah , Reincke Martin , Stratakis Constantine A , Hannah-Shmouni Fady
Published: October 2020

Context

Radiological characterization of adrenal size in primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH) has not been previously investigated.

Objective

We hypothesized that volumetric modeling of adrenal gland size may correlate with biochemical disease severity in patients with PBMAH. Secondary analysis of patients with concurrent primary aldosteronism (PA) was performed.

Design

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 44 patients with PBMAH was conducted from 2000 to 2019.

Setting

Tertiary care clinical research center.

Patients

Patients were diagnosed with PBMAH based upon clinical, genetic, radiographic and biochemical characteristics.

Intervention

Clinical, biochemical, and genetic data were obtained. Computed tomography scans were used to create volumetric models by manually contouring both adrenal glands in each slice using Vitrea Core Fx v6.3 software (Vital Images, Minnetonka, Minnesota).

Main Outcome and Measures

17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHS), ARMC5 genetics, and aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) were retrospectively obtained. Pearson test was used for correlation analysis of biochemical data with adrenal volume.

Results

A cohort of 44 patients with PBMAH was evaluated, with a mean age (±SD) of 53 ± 11.53. Eight patients met the diagnostic criteria for PA, of whom 6 (75%) were Black. In the Black cohort, total adrenal volumes positively correlated with midnight cortisol (R = 0.76, P = 0.028), urinary free cortisol (R = 0.70, P = 0.035), and 17-OHS (R = 0.87, P = 0.0045), with a more pronounced correlation with left adrenal volume alone. 17-OHS concentration positively correlated with total, left, and right adrenal volume in patients harboring pathogenic variants in ARMC5 (R = 0.72, P = 0.018; R = 0.65, P = 0.042; and R = 0.73, P = 0.016, respectively).

Conclusions

Volumetric modeling of adrenal gland size may associate with biochemical severity in patients with PBMAH, with particular utility in Black patients.
A Practical Guide for Anesthesia Providers on the Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients in the Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Abola Ramon E. , Schwartz Jonathan A. , Forrester Joseph D. , Gan Tong J.
Published: October 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has infected millions of individuals and posed unprecedented challenges to health care systems. Acute care hospitals have been forced to expand hospital and intensive care capacity and deal with shortages in personal protective equipment. This guide will review 2 areas where the anesthesiologists will be caring for COVID-19 patients: the operating room and on airway teams. General principles for COVID-19 preparation and hospital procedures will be reviewed to serve as a resource for anesthesia departments to manage COVID-19 or future pandemics.
Bad Dads and Precarious Grads
Authors: Seymour Nicole
Published: October 2020

This piece reports on the “Trans ± Sex: Rethinking Sex/Gender in Trans Studies” symposium held at the University of Arizona in September 2019. It focuses on two major themes that appeared throughout the symposium: cross-generational conflict and the death of the university.
Trans | Acker
Authors: Wark McKenzie
Published: October 2020

The writer Kathy Acker (1947–97) is one of those few in the anglophone canon, or even near it, who opens a space for trans experiences. If trans literature, and literary studies, is to widen their ambits of aesthetic operation, one useful step would be to expand the critical study and literary experiment with such writers. The “Trans | Acker Symposium” at The New School in 2019 was a modest contribution to this project. This text introduces Acker and three of the texts from that event.
Building the Pirate Body
Authors: Trieu K. K.
Published: October 2020

When Kathy Acker writes about the body, it is frequently subjected to self-abnegation; there is a sense that the cohesion of self and body hangs on complete destruction and rebirth in terms of its material reality. The figure of the Pirate is an avatar through which Acker explores these tensions, particularly as they relate to her experience of femininity and gender, which, in many ways, aligns with experiences of gender dysphoria. In negotiating the ways in which she would like to be desired with the feminist knowledge that influenced her thought, Acker lays out a path in which the dysphoric body that is assigned female at birth may occupy a third space outside the gender binary. This article puts Acker's writing on the Pirate in dialog with Georges Bataille's figure of the Acéphale to explore the system of knowledge that comes from this subject—one whose articulation is in constant regeneration.
Skeletal Muscle Damage Produced by Electrically Evoked Muscle Contractions
Authors: Fouré Alexandre , Gondin Julien
Published: October 2020

Understanding the physiological/mechanical mechanisms leading to skeletal muscle damage remains one of the challenges in muscle physiology. This review presents the functional, structural, and cellular consequences of electrically evoked submaximal isometric contractions that can elicit severe and localized skeletal muscle damage. Hypotheses related to underlying physiological and mechanical processes involved in severe and localized muscle damage also are discussed.
COVID-19: mobilising CT as a frontline management tool
Authors: Syed Imran , Khan Sami , Khan Tahir , Syed Sabeeh , Khan Taha , Ali Azhar , Harries Katherine , Capuano Ermanno , Farrugia Alexia , Pittman Marcus , Simon Godwin , Haider Tayyab , Ali Fawad , Gupta Indrajit , Malik Qaiser
Published: October 2020

As the COVID-19 pandemic has spread across the globe, questions have arisen about the approach healthcare systems should adopt in order to optimally manage patient influx. With a focus on the impact of COVID-19 on the NHS, we describe the frontline experience of a severely affected hospital in close proximity to London. We highlight a protocol-driven approach, incorporating the use of CT in the rapid triage, assessment and cohorting of patients, in an environment where there was a lack of readily available, onsite RT-PCR testing facilities. Furthermore, the effects of the protocol on the effective streamlining of patient flow within the hospital are discussed, as are the resultant improvements in clinical management decisions within the acute care service. This model may help other healthcare systems in managing this pandemic whilst assessing their own needs and resources.
From pixel to image analysis
Authors: van der Stelt PF
Published: October 2020

Over the past 50 years, computer technology has evolved enormously. This has made it possible to carry out radiography in a completely new way, allowing to process X-ray images in an advanced manner and to extract the information from the image data. This article gives an overview of some of the most important developments in dental radiology. These include capturing the images, analysing and interpreting the image information and using the images for 3D reconstruction.
The interaction of obesity and craniofacial deformity in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Huang Liping , Gao Xuemei
Published: October 2020

Objective:

Both obesity and craniofacial deformity are important etiologies of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The present research aimed to explore their interaction and different impacts on OSA severity.

Methods:

A total of 207 consecutive OSA patients (169 males, 38 females) were included in the research. Based on the body mass index (BMI) value, patients were divided into 77 normal-weight patients (BMI <24 kg m−2), 105 overweight patients (24 ≤ BMI<28 kg m−2) and 26 obese patients (BMI ≥28 kg m−2). All accepted overnight polysomnography and standard lateral cephalogram. Cephalometric measurements involved 25 cephalometric variables. The correlations between these cephalometric variables, BMI and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were evaluated.

Results:

For the whole sample after controlling for gender and age, stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors affecting AHI were increased BMI, narrowing posterior airway space, inferior displacement of hyoid and elongation of the tongue. When grouped by BMI, normal-weight group exhibited with more reduced maxillary length and mandible length, and steeper mandible plane than overweight and obese patients (p < 0.0167). Obese group showed least skeletal restriction and most prominent soft tissues enlargement (p < 0.0167). However, these skeletal indexes were not statistically correlated with AHI.

Conclusions:

Obesity and skeletal malformations were both etiological factors of OSA, but obesity seemed to have a greater influence on AHI severity in all kinds of obese and thin OSA patients. Only in normal-weight group, it was affected by both cephalometric variables and BMI.
External validation of ELASTIC NET regression models including newborn metabolomic markers for postnatal gestational age estimation in East and South-East Asian infants
Authors: Hawken Steven , Murphy Malia S. Q. , Ducharme Robin , Bota A. Brianne , Wilson Lindsay A. , Cheng Wei , Tumulak Ma-Am Joy , Alcausin Maria Melanie Liberty , Reyes Ma Elouisa , Qiu Wenjuan , Potter Beth K. , Little Julian , Walker Mark , Zhang Lin , Padilla Carmencita , Chakraborty Pranesh , Wilson Kumanan
Published: October 2020

Background: Postnatal gestational age (GA) algorithms derived from newborn metabolic profiles have emerged as a novel method of acquiring population-level preterm birth estimates in low resource settings. To date, model development and validation have been carried out in North American settings. Validation outside of these settings is warranted.  

Methods: This was a retrospective database study using data from newborn screening programs in Canada, the Philippines and China. ELASTICNET machine learning models were developed to estimate GA in a cohort of infants from Canada using sex, birth weight and metabolomic markers from newborn heel prick blood samples. Final models were internally validated in an independent group of infants, and externally validated in cohorts of infants from the Philippines and China. 

Results: Cohorts included 39,666 infants from Canada, 82,909 from the Philippines and 4,448 from China.  For the full model including sex, birth weight and metabolomic markers, GA estimates were within 5 days of ultrasound values in the Canadian internal validation (mean absolute error (MAE) 0.71, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.72), and within 6 days of ultrasound GA in both the Filipino (0.90 (0.90, 0.91)) and Chinese cohorts (0.89 (0.86, 0.92)). Despite the decreased accuracy in external settings, our models incorporating metabolomic markers performed better than the baseline model, which relied on sex and birth weight alone. In preterm and growth-restricted infants, the accuracy of metabolomic models was markedly higher than the baseline model.

Conclusions: Accuracy of metabolic GA algorithms was attenuated when applied in external settings.  Models including metabolomic markers demonstrated higher accuracy than models using sex and birth weight alone. As innovators look to take this work to scale, further investigation of modeling and data normalization techniques will be needed to improve robustness and generalizability of metabolomic GA estimates in low resource settings, where this could have the most clinical utility.
HIV testing amid COVID-19: community efforts to reach men who have sex with men in three Kenyan counties
Authors: Odinga Manas Migot , Kuria Samuel , Muindi Oliver , Mwakazi Peter , Njraini Margret , Melon Memory , Kombo Bernadette , Kaosa Shem , Kioko Japtheth , Musimbi Janet , Musyoki Helgar , Bhattacharjee Parinita , Lorway Robert
Published: October 2020

In comparison to European and American countries, Kenya has been less impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of reported cases and mortalities. However, everyday life has been dramatically affected by highly restrictive government-imposed measures such as stay-at-home curfews, prohibitions on mobility across national and county boundaries, and strict policing, especially of the urban poor, which has culminated in violence. This open letter highlights the effects of these measures on how three community-based organizations (CBOs) deliver HIV programs and services to highly stigmatized communities of men who have sex with men living in the counties of Kisumu, Kiambu and Mombasa. In particular, emphasis is placed on how HIV testing programs, which are supported by systematic peer outreach, are being disrupted at a time when global policymakers call for expanded HIV testing and treatment targets among key populations. While COVID 19 measures have greatly undermined local efforts to deliver health services to members and strengthen existing HIV testing programs, each of the three CBOs has taken innovative steps to adapt to the restrictions and to the COVID-19 pandemic itself. Although HIV testing in clinical spaces among those who were once regular and occasional program attendees dropped off noticeably in the early months of the COVID-19 lockdown, the program eventually began to rebound as outreach approaches shifted to virtual platforms and strategies. Importantly and unexpectedly, HIV self-testing kits proved to fill a major gap in clinic-based HIV testing at a time of crisis.
Fenomenologia hermenêutica e psicologia experimental do desenvolvimento
Authors: Dos Reis Robson Ramos
Published: October 2020

No presente artigo, examino a possibilidade de uma colaboração produtiva entre psicologia experimental do desenvolvimento e fenomenologia hermenêutica. De um lado, considero a contribuição da fenomenologia hermenêutica para o paradigma processual-relacional nas ciências do desenvolvimento, com foco no metamodelo enativista. De outro, examino a possível repercussão de resultados da psicologia experimental do desenvolvimento nas análises da fenomenologia hermenêutica. O fenômeno da imitação neonatal diferencial é tomado como um campo para o exame de tal colaboração bilateral. O artigo é concluído com um esboço programático de uma fenomenologia desenvolvimental da compreensão de ser.
An evaluation of Henderson's nursing needs model and how it can be adapted for use in veterinary nursing
Authors: Wallace Anarosa , Jones Marie
Published: October 2020

Henderson's nursing needs model is a nursing model of care that is used in human nursing. It is based on 14 fundamental needs that are said to involve every aspect of the patient. Henderson believes that if nursing interventions use these 14 fundamental needs as a framework, this will aid the patient in becoming independent again, which is the overall aim. However, as Henderson's model was intended for human use, there are aspects that are not appropriate for use in veterinary patients. Therefore, this article illustrates how it can be adapted for use in animals, using the nursing process as a structure.
Information, peer comparison and social interdependence: theorising the impacts of COVID-19 on Gulf domestic politics
Authors: Gengler Justin J.
Published: October 2020

This article theorizes three layers of impacts of the Coronavirus crisis on internal GCC politics, and then identifies potential causal mechanisms operating at each level. A first and primary layer concerns governance, and revolves around the state’s performance in managing the virus outbreak. A secondary level relates to scarcity and inequality, and is linked to the state’s handling of economic and social knock-on effects of the pandemic. A tertiary level is connected to peer comparison, and involves GCC states’ (lack of) coordination of political responses at the regional or sub-regional level. Several key factors emerge from the investigation as potent catalysts for new political dynamics in the Arab Gulf states. One is the unusual availability and clarity of information about state performance surrounding Covid-19, which stands in stark contrast to the general lack of reliable governance indicators for GCC and other MENA countries. Another is the universal nature of the Coronavirus shock, which allows Gulf citizens and residents to make direct comparisons of state performance and policy responses that may reveal a disproportionately negative (or positive) personal or collective outcome. Third, the person-to-person transmission of Covid-19 shatters the traditional social and geographical segregation of Gulf societies, with once-isolated communities now directly and profoundly impacted by each other’s behavior, preferences, and incentives. Finally, variation in resource endowments and political institutions across the GCC precludes easy regional harmonization of post-Covid social and economic policy, once more inviting individual comparison with relatively advantaged or disadvantaged peers in neighboring states.
Switching dynamics of silicon waveguide optical modulator driven by photothermally induced metal-insulator transition of vanadium dioxide cladding layer
Authors: Shibuya Keisuke , Ishii Kiyo , Atsumi Yuki , Yoshida Tomoya , Sakakibara Youichi , Mori Masahiko , Sawa Akihito
Published: October 2020

We investigated the switching dynamics of optical modulators consisting of a Si waveguide with a VO2 cladding layer by utilizing the photothermal effect, which induces a metal–insulator transition in VO2. The devices exhibited stable optical switching with a high extinction ratio exceeding 16 dB. The switching time of the insulator-to-metal transition (heating process) ranged from tens of nanoseconds to microseconds depending on the incident light power, and that of the metal-to-insulator transition (cooling process) was several microseconds regardless of the incident light power. The heat transfer in the devices was numerically simulated to reproduce the switching characteristics and revealed that the temperature change in the first few micrometers of the VO2/Si waveguide governed the switching time. The thermal structural design of the device is thus of key importance to improve the switching speed of the device.
Inverse design of graphene-assisted metallodielectric grating and its applications in the perfect absorber and plasmonic third harmonic generation
Authors: Yu Shuai , Zhang Tian , Han Xu , Dai Jian , Xu Kun
Published: October 2020

In this article, we propose a graphene metamaterial coupled with metallodielectric grating (GMCMG) structures to achieve plasmon induced reflection effects in the reflection spectrums. In order to enhance the light-matter interaction in the graphene, the micro-genetic algorithm is applied in the performance optimization for the GMCMG. Due to the absorption enhancement of graphene and the inverse design of photonic structures, a perfect absorber and an efficient third harmonic generator are obtained by employing optimized GMCMG structures. Compared with previous works, our design scheme provides a simple and efficient method for the optimization of photonic devices and has significant applications in optical modulators, absorbers and sensors.
Carrier assisted differential detection with a generalized transfer function
Authors: Ji Honglin , Sun Miao , Sun Chuanbowen , Shieh William
Published: October 2020

Direct detection capable of optical field recovery not only enables high-order modulation for high spectral efficiency (SE) but also extends the transmission reach by digital compensation of linear channel impairments such as chromatic dispersion. Recently, to bridge the gap between direct detection and coherent detection, carrier assisted differential detection (CADD) has been proposed for the reception of complex-valued double-sideband signals. In this paper, we extend the concept CADD to a general selection of the transfer functions, beyond the originally-proposed delay interferometer. To validate the proposed CADD approach, we utilize an optical filter based on silicon photonics microring resonator (MRR) as one realization of the generalized transfer functions. With the MRR based optical filter, both the required carrier-to-signal power ratio (CSPR) and the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) sensitivity are drastically improved over the conventional CADD due to the significantly suppressed signal-signal beating interference (SSBI). In addition, the proposed CADD is resilient to the wavelength offset up to several GHz between the transmitter laser and the center wavelength of the MRR based optical filter. With the proposed transfer function, CADD provides a novel approach for achieving high-SE transmission with superior receiver sensitivity and could be potentially useful for inter-/intra-datacenter or mobile front haul applications.
A multi-terawatt two-color beam for high-power field-controlled nonlinear optics
Authors: Edwards M. R. , Fasano N. M. , Bennett T. , Griffith A. , Turley N. , O’Brien B. M. , Mikhailova J. M.
Published: October 2020

Two-color laser beams are instrumental in light-field control and enhancement of high-order harmonic, spectral supercontinuum, and terahertz radiation generated in gases, plasmas, and solids. We demonstrate a multi-terawatt two-color beam produced using a relativistic plasma mirror, with 110 mJ at 800 nm and 30 mJ at 400 nm. Both color components have high spatial quality and can be simultaneously focused, provided that the plasma mirror lies within a Rayleigh range of the driving fundamental beam. Favorable scaling of second-harmonic generation by plasma mirrors at relativistic intensities suggests them as an excellent tool for multi-color waveform synthesis beyond the petawatt level.
Label-free, non-contact, in vivo ophthalmic imaging using photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy
Authors: Hosseinaee Zohreh , Khalili Layla , Simmons James A. Tummon , Bell Kevan , Haji Reza Parsin
Published: October 2020

We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first label-free, non-contact, in vivo imaging of the ocular vasculature using photoacoustic remote sensing (PARS) microscopy. Both anterior and posterior segments of a mouse eye were imaged. Vasculature of the iris, sclera, and retina tissues were clearly resolved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing non-contact photoacoustic imaging conducted on in vivo ocular tissue. We believe that PARS microscopy has the potential to advance the diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases.
Weakly nonlinear topological gap solitons in Su–Schrieffer–Heeger photonic lattices
Authors: Guo Min , Xia Shiqi , Wang Nan , Song Daohong , Chen Zhigang , Yang Jianke
Published: October 2020

We study both theoretically and experimentally the effect of nonlinearity on topologically protected linear interface modes in a photonic Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) lattice. It is shown that under either focusing or defocusing nonlinearity, this linear topological mode of the SSH lattice turns into a family of topological gap solitons. These solitons are stable. However, they exhibit only a low amplitude and power and are thus weakly nonlinear, even when the bandgap of the SSH lattice is wide. As a consequence, if the initial beam has modest or high power, it will either delocalize, or evolve into a soliton not belonging to the family of topological gap solitons. These theoretical predictions are observed in our experiments with optically induced SSH-type photorefractive lattices.
Micrometer-accuracy 2D displacement interferometer with plasmonic metasurface resonators
Authors: Guo Chuanrui , Zhang Yuchao , Klegseth Matthew , Gao Jie , Chen Genda
Published: October 2020

In this Letter, a high-accuracy, two-dimensional displacement sensor is proposed, designed, and demonstrated based on the concept of an extrinsic Fabry–Perot Interferometer. The sensor is composed of two bundled single-mode optic fibers in parallel and two plasmonic metasurface resonators inscribed on a gold substrate via a focused ion beam. The fiber end surface and the metasurface are in parallel with a small cavity between. The cavity change or

Z

-component displacement is determined from the pattern of interference fringes. The

X

-component displacement, perpendicular to the

Z

component, is identified from wavelength-selective metasurface resonators, which possess unique resonant wavelengths due to different nanostructure designs. The sensor was calibrated with six displacements applied through a three-axis precision linear stage. Test results indicated that the proposed interferometer can measure displacements with a maximum error of 5.4 µm or 2.2%.
A transcriptome-based classifier to determine molecular subtypes in medulloblastoma
Authors: Rathi Komal S. , Arif Sherjeel , Koptyra Mateusz , Naqvi Ammar S. , Taylor Deanne M. , Storm Phillip B. , Resnick Adam C. , Rokita Jo Lynne , Raman Pichai
Published: October 2020

Medulloblastoma is a highly heterogeneous pediatric brain tumor with five molecular subtypes, Sonic Hedgehog TP53-mutant, Sonic Hedgehog TP53-wildtype, WNT, Group 3, and Group 4, defined by the World Health Organization. The current mechanism for classification into these molecular subtypes is through the use of immunostaining, methylation, and/or genetics. We surveyed the literature and identified a number of RNA-Seq and microarray datasets in order to develop, train, test, and validate a robust classifier to identify medulloblastoma molecular subtypes through the use of transcriptomic profiling data. We have developed a GPL-3 licensed R package and a Shiny Application to enable users to quickly and robustly classify medulloblastoma samples using transcriptomic data. The classifier utilizes a large composite microarray dataset (15 individual datasets), an individual microarray study, and an RNA-Seq dataset, using gene ratios instead of gene expression measures as features for the model. Discriminating features were identified using the limma R package and samples were classified using an unweighted mean of normalized scores. We utilized two training datasets and applied the classifier in 15 separate datasets. We observed a minimum accuracy of 85.71% in the smallest dataset and a maximum of 100% accuracy in four datasets with an overall median accuracy of 97.8% across the 15 datasets, with the majority of misclassification occurring between the heterogeneous Group 3 and Group 4 subtypes. We anticipate this medulloblastoma transcriptomic subtype classifier will be broadly applicable to the cancer research and clinical communities.
Tensorpac: An open-source Python toolbox for tensor-based phase-amplitude coupling measurement in electrophysiological brain signals
Authors: Combrisson Etienne , Nest Timothy , Brovelli Andrea , Ince Robin A. A. , Soto Juan L. P. , Guillot Aymeric , Jerbi Karim
Published: October 2020

Despite being the focus of a thriving field of research, the biological mechanisms that underlie information integration in the brain are not yet fully understood. A theory that has gained a lot of traction in recent years suggests that multi-scale integration is regulated by a hierarchy of mutually interacting neural oscillations. In particular, there is accumulating evidence that phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), a specific form of cross-frequency interaction, plays a key role in numerous cognitive processes. Current research in the field is not only hampered by the absence of a gold standard for PAC analysis, but also by the computational costs of running exhaustive computations on large and high-dimensional electrophysiological brain signals. In addition, various signal properties and analyses parameters can lead to spurious PAC. Here, we present Tensorpac, an open-source Python toolbox dedicated to PAC analysis of neurophysiological data. The advantages of Tensorpac include (1) higher computational efficiency thanks to software design that combines tensor computations and parallel computing, (2) the implementation of all most widely used PAC methods in one package, (3) the statistical analysis of PAC measures, and (4) extended PAC visualization capabilities. Tensorpac is distributed under a BSD-3-Clause license and can be launched on any operating system (Linux, OSX and Windows). It can be installed directly via pip or downloaded from Github (https://github.com/EtienneCmb/tensorpac). By making Tensorpac available, we aim to enhance the reproducibility and quality of PAC research, and provide open tools that will accelerate future method development in neuroscience.
Narratives of ‘getting it right’: Class, culture and good taste in clothing
Authors: Karademir-Hazir Irmak
Published: October 2020

Broad changes taking place in the fashion scene are argued to blur social class distinctions and render class emulation theses less relevant to explain the dynamics of clothing consumption. Critically engaging with this literature, and drawing from Bourdieu, Goffman, and recent feminist literature on the formation of classed femininities, this article explores the extent to which women’s narratives of good taste in clothing are structured by class processes. It utilizes in-depth interviews conducted with Turkish women, covered and not covered, on how they engage with the consumption domains in which bodies are shaped and adorned. The literature on self-fashioning in Turkey tends to focus on a quite over-emphasized and politicized dichotomy between pious and secular embodiment styles, ignoring the sociologically meaningful heterogeneity that exists within each. This article, however, demonstrates how class and cultural capital cross-cuts such distinctions and generates distinct understandings of age appropriateness, public-private sphere distinction, suitability of social context and body shape, and ‘naturalness’, shared across women who have different proximities to Islamic lifestyle. This article contributes to clothing consumption and fashion studies by showing the ways in which social class continues to generate embodied femininities with unequal symbolic values, despite the so-called ‘democratization’ trends in fashion, even in a context like Turkey where other significant religio-political divisions are in play.
An interview with Alan Grant
Authors: Klaehn Jeffery
Published: October 2020

Alan Grant (b. 1949) is a Scottish writer widely known for his work on 2000AD (Anderson: Psi-Division, Judge Dredd, Shamballa, Mazeworld) and for his famous tenures on various titles featuring characters such as Batman and Lobo. He is the co-creator of Anarky, the Ventriloquist,
Jeremiah Arkham and Mr Zsasz. This interview, undertaken throughout July and August of 2018, explores a range of topics and issues, including (but not limited to) his thoughts comics as a subversive medium; his collaborations with artists Arthur Ranson and Norm Breyfogle; his Anarky character;
comics and politics; Cassandra Anderson as well as the Judge Dredd comics and film adaptations; his ‘Greeting from Scotland’ story for Nick Fury, Agent of SHIELD; his award-winning graphic novel, The Loxleys and the War of 1812; as well as his current writing projects.
Os aglomerados secundários no interior da Lusitania, e o caso do sítio da Quinta do Ervedal (Castelo Novo, Fundão)
Authors: Gadanho André
Published: October 2020

Analisa-se a problemática em torno do tipo de ocupação da Quinta do Ervedal (Castelo Novo, Fundão), sítio que alguns investigadores afirmam tratar-se de um aglomerado secundário do tipo vicus. Procuramos aprofundar esta discussão, aferindo de que forma os dados epigráficos e arqueológicos disponíveis sobre os vici no interior da província da Lusitania, obtidos através das várias investigações que têm abordado a temática do povoamento rural em época romana na Beira Interior, suportam ou não esta tese.
Otros escenarios de la «hora navarra»: la ciudad de Corella y la familia Sesma (1630-1793)
Authors: Zabalza Seguín Ana
Published: October 2020

Desde que Caro Baroja acuñara la expresión «hora navarra» para referirse al encumbramiento en la corte de hombres de negocios de esa procedencia a finales del XVII, numerosos trabajos han profundizado en tales trayectorias, en particular las de los baztaneses. Mi objetivo es presentar otro escenario en el mismo reino, origen también de exitosas carreras, pero con un entorno muy diferente: la ciudad de Corella, y en ella, la familia Sesma. Se describen algunos rasgos que definen la situación de Navarra tras su incorporación a Castilla. Con ayuda de la valoración de bienes de 1607 se trata de responder a la pregunta de cuál pudo ser la fuente primera de acumulación de capital que permitiera iniciar el despegue; el resultado apunta a que, además del comercio de la lana y del vino, pudo tener importancia el cáñamo, lo que además explicaría la vinculación de esta familia con la Marina. Su relación con Goyeneche justificaría su servicio a distintos miembros de la familia real. A mediados del XVIII los Sesma, ya encumbrados, abandonan la actividad comercial y Corella.
Del Tajo al Tíber: la formación de músicos y artistas portugueses en Roma durante el reinado de Juan V (1707-1750)
Authors: Diez del Corral Corredoira Pilar , Fernandes Cristina
Published: October 2020

Este artículo aborda la formación de artistas y músicos de origen portugués en Roma durante el reinado de Juan V con el Grand Tour como trasfondo y analiza cómo esos jóvenes llegaron a Roma, cómo participaron en las estructuras ya existentes para su educación, sean academias, seminarios, talleres o enseñanza privada y cómo se hicieron un hueco (cuando así fue) en un mercado tan competitivo. Asimismo el artículo arroja luz sobre la Academia de Portugal y cómo esta proveyó de alojamiento y educación para algunos de aquellos músicos y artistas con más talento y cómo funcionaba como parte de una compleja red de instituciones y personas que sostenían esa generación de jóvenes.
Retos de la monarquía española en contexto global: La expedición a Guinea (1777-1779)
Authors: Ortega del Cerro Pablo
Published: October 2020

A través de los Tratados de San Ildefonso (1777) y El Pardo (1778), la Corona portuguesa cedía a España dos islas en el golfo de Guinea ‒Annobón y Fernando Poo‒ y permitía el comercio con la costa africana. Entre 1778 y 1779 se llevó a cabo la primera expedición a esta zona, aunque la presencia española solo perduró hasta 1782. A pesar de las múltiples perspectivas que pueden ser utilizadas para el estudio de este episodio, el presente trabajo pretende abordarlo a través de un enfoque global. Queremos discernir y calibrar los retos que la monarquía española tuvo en un periodo en el que el mundo estaba cada vez más interconectado y emergía una fuerte interdependencia entre regiones y continentes. Analizando la documentación relativa a la preparación y los primeros pasos de la expedición para la toma de Fernando Poo y Annobón, se puede comprobar cómo la Corona española consideraba operativa, estratégica y simbólicamente a estas posibles colonias como un problema de alcance global; Guinea se convirtió en un punto de fuga en el que se sintetizaban gran parte de los problemas y necesidades de la Monarquía Hispánica en el contexto global de la década de 1770.
Pandemia e educação superior no Brasil
Authors: Mancebo Deise
Published: October 2020

O texto discute os impactos da pandemia da Covid 19 na educação superior brasileira. Para a apreensão da temática, ancora-se numa investigação de caráter exploratório, que contemplou pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamentos sistemáticos na imprensa alternativa e análise documental de problemáticas convergentes e necessárias à compreensão do tema, mas também na consulta de dados agregados já existentes, adotando, portanto, uma perspectiva de análise que conjuga, a um só tempo, aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos.  Segue, em linhas gerais, o seguinte plano: primeiramente, busca analisar a situação política e econômica na qual se encontrava o país, quando da chegada da pandemia da Covid 19, por considerar que os impactos econômicos e sanitários da propagação do vírus dependiam de fendas e vulnerabilidades preexistentes. Analisa as particularidades do enfrentamento da pandemia no Brasil, com especial destaque ao negacionismo em relação aos preceitos sanitários e científicos, que tem caracterizado o bolsonarismo. Adentra, então, no universo da educação superior, organizando os argumentos a partir da análise de dois eixos, considerados centrais para essa discussão: os impactos do ultraneoliberalismo e do neoconservadorismo nas instituições de educação superior brasileiras. Após essas considerações, apresenta o que, de fato, mudou com a chegada da pandemia nas instituições e os horizontes que se descortinam para elas.
Hybrid Team-Based learning in cardiorespiratory physiotherapy education
Authors: Perumal Shakila Devi
Published: October 2020

Background: Todays modern and future cardio-respiratory physiotherapists are, and will be, presented with ubiquitous and uncertain complex problems in professional life. Yet, to date, teaching approaches lack robust scientific evidence of optimal learning to stimulate students active cognitive engagement of higher-order skills beyond knowledge and skills transfer and are only focused on graduation. For the past two decades, pedagogy recommends the use of active learning strategies to enhance authentic student engagement, self-efficacy, and satisfaction. In recent years, team-based learning (TBL) is emerging as a popular student-centered active collaborative learning strategy that promotes individual and team learning in medical and allied health education.

Objective: This paper reports on the design and impact of the novel Hybrid Team-Based learning" (H-TBL) on students engagement and perceptions of their learning experience in a Year 2 undergraduate physiotherapy Cohort.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Methods: In 2019, a keynote lecture on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) was taught using a novel hybrid team-based learning" (H-TBL) comprising phases 1-4, delivered in two sessions (COPD1 and 2) to our year two (n=136), undergraduate physiotherapy students.

Results: Of 136 students, 82% engaged in Phase 1, 80% attended Phase 2, and 3 of COPD 2 sessions, and 74% engaged in phase 4. 72% provided their perception of their learning experience.

Conclusion:The majority of our students valued the learning experience in H-TBL design. This study confers that H-TBL supports students active engagement and self- efficacy. Future randomized studies are mandated to explore the validity and specificity of H-TBL in the physiotherapy curriculum.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Food Contamination: A contributing Factor to Rising Carcinogenicity
Authors: Luper Tsenum Joseph , Yarkwan Baturh
Published: October 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute a large class of organic compounds that are composed of two or more fused aromatic rings. They are primarily formed by incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic matter and during various industrial processes. PAHs generally occur in complex mixtures which may consist of hundreds of compounds (Abou-Arab
et., al 2002). Humans can be exposed to various chemicals including ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) mostly through food consumption and/or inhalation (Andrea Polachova
et. al., 2020). The human absorption of PAHs follows different routes. While for non-smokers, the major route of exposure is through the combustion of food, for smokers the contribution from smoking may be significant. Food can be contaminated from environmental sources that are present in the air, soil, or water, by industrial food processing methods (e.g heating, drying, and smoking) and by home food preparation (e.g grilling and roasting). The Scientific Committee on food SCF (2005) reported that 15 priority PAHs out of the 33 PAHs which were considered in their assessment showed clear evidence of mutagenicity/genotoxicity in somatic cells in experimental animals
in vivo and with the exception of benzo(ghi)perylene also showed clear carcinogenic effects in various types of bioassays in experimental animals. Teratogenicity is caused in pregnant women and their developing fetuses are particularly susceptible populations to environmental contaminants because alterations in hormone physiology during gestation can have adverse consequences on the health of the pregnancy (Amber L. Cathey
et al., 2020). This, SCF (2005) conclusively reported that these compounds may be regarded as potentially genotoxic and carcinogenic to humans and thus represent a priority group in the assessment of the risk of long-term adverse health effects following intake of PAHs.
Impactos ambientais, objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável e bioética ambiental: A exploração do carvão mineral no distrito de Moatize, Moçambique
Authors: Chapare Trindade Filipe , Betazzi Lummertz Thierry , Fischer Marta Luciane
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma leitura dos impactos ambientais decorrentes da exploração mineral no distrito de Moatize, Moçambique sob a perspectiva da inserção dos objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável na agenda da bioética ambiental. Para tal, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória, transversal e qualitativa compondo aportes disponíveis na literatura científica, notícias de divulgação popular e legislação, observação in locu e entrevistas como moradores locais. Os impactos ambientais derivados da exploração mineral em Moatize são notórios, contudo, não se verifica uma efetiva intervenção do Estado, tanto no que diz respeito a sua responsabilidade civil perante os danos ambientais decorrentes da emissão do pó de carvão, bem como na prevenção e mitigação dos impactos na saúde e organização social da população. A apropriação da temática pela bioética ambiental pressupõe o diálogo entre diferentes atores na busca de soluções que visem mitigar as vulnerabilidades, logo sugere-se a implantação de comitês multidisciplinares normativos, deliberativos e educativos, com a participação comunitária nas decisões de interesse comum.
Cameroon: COVID-19 and its Impact on Citizens
Authors: Noudjom Tchana Alban Pascal
Published: October 2020

The COVID-19 crisis has highlighted the precariousness and injustices within the healthcare systems of many African countries. Ever since the pandemic broke out on the continent, the ability of its health facilities to provide an adequate response to the COVID-19 crisis has been severely tested. Quality healthcare is a luxury that few can afford in Cameroon. Prevention and awareness campaigns are often the only means available to prevent the propagation of the virus. A return to herbal medicines appears to be the only way forward. This is a new field of research and therefore an invitation to a different approach to the ethics of life on the continent. Its exploration includes that which is specific to the continent; its proximity to nature and, as stated by Achille Mbembe, its rich ethics of travel.
E-LAW CONSULT SEBAGAI SALAH SATU SOLUSI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI GURU-GURU DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Maryanto Maryanto , Pratama Toebagus Galang Windi , Menarianti Ika , Buchori Achmad
Published: October 2020

Guru di Indonesia memiliki banyak kendala terkait pekerjaannya karena banyak di antaranya yang diadili di pengadilan terkait pekerjaan profesionalnya karena tidak seperti pekerjaan profesional lain yang diberikan kekebalan hukum, guru tidak memilikinya di dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Hal ini mendorong penulis untuk mempelajari kelemahan sosialisasi dan perlindungan hukum terhadap hak guru sebagai tenaga pendidik profesional di Jawa Tengah dan bagaimana aplikasi Konsultasi E-Law membantu mereka ke dalam studi yuridis-empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelemahan perlindungan hukum terhadap guru adalah terutama karena kurangnya pemahaman hukum dan Konsultasi E-Law dapat menjadi sarana untuk membantu guru dalam menangani permasalahan hukum terkait profesinya sebagai guru.
Sanctus Amor (1908) Нины Петровской как жизнетворческий манифест
Authors: Samarin Aleksey
Published: October 2020

Sanctus Amor is the only intravital storybook by Nina Petrovskaya, dedicated to Sergey Auslender. The title of the book, borrowed from the poem by Andrey Bely, initiates a literary polylogue addressed to several lovers of Petrovskaya: to Bely, as he once was her teacher of heavenly love; to Valery Bryusov, as he was Petrovskaya’s beloved one at the time of publication; to Auslender as the addressee of dedication and a new contender for being Petrovskaya’s favorite. Sanctus Amor represents the ideal of the Saintly Love, the manifesto which Petrovskaya followed rigorously in real life. Her letters to Bryusov and Vladislav Khodasevich reveal multiple congruences with the novels of Sanctus Amor, which demonstrate the inextricable character of life and literature in Petrovskaya’s worldview. The paper is devoted to the analysis of Sanctus Amor in the aspect of life-creating practices and its meaning in the literary dialogue with Auslender. Sanctus Amor is a complicated prescriptive symbolic message designed to proclaim its own, and to program another’s, concept of love.
Arka pamięci? Kilka uwag na marginesie filmów Aleksandra Sokurowa Rosyjska arka i Frankofonia
Authors: Pawletko Beata
Published: October 2020

Alexander Sokurov is considered to be a creator who often attempts to settle with the uncomfortable past, at the same time revealing the mechanisms of the functioning of power and politics, including the policy of remembrance. The Russian Ark (2002) and Francofonia (2015), which divides over a dozen years and which seemingly concern two different countries and situations, are no different in this respect. And yet, using the same motif in them, i.e. the motif of the museum, Sokurov in Francofonia returns to events that he could not, for various reasons, deal with in a prior movie. We mean here the role of museums, “silent” witnesses of history. The evacuation of works of art from the Hermitage and the Louvre during the war is a source of pride and an element of the victorious narrative, but in the case of Hermitage it is impossible not to think about the price that the city and its inhabitants paid during their siege. They could not be evacuated as efficiently as the museum collections. And thus the idea of saving valuable works of the Hermitage will be invariably associated with the inept evacuation of the people of Leningrad. And it must be admitted that this is not the first opportunity when it comes to Sokurov to remind the world of the painful wound inflicted on the city of Neva and its inhabitants, not only by the Germans, but also to ask about the price of survival.