bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soutenir la conception collaborative de nouveaux objets de travail qui participent au développement durable : le cas d’un collectif d’enseignants‑chercheurs en Sciences du Sport
Authors: Le Bail Chloé , Prost Magali , Chizallet Marie
Published: October 2023

Cet article concerne des travailleurs qui souhaitent davantage intégrer le développement durable dans leurs activités et présente deux ateliers d’un dispositif pour soutenir la conception collaborative de nouveaux objets de travail dans ce contexte. Ces ateliers reposent sur : 1) onze Caractéristiques du Développement Durable (CDD) construites à partir de la littérature en ergonomie sur le développement durable, et 2) la volonté d’appréhender le changement comme un processus de conception collaborative qui soutient la projection dans le futur, mobilise les pairs et favorise l’expression des points de vue. Nous analysons l’activité de conception collaborative générée par les ateliers lors d’une journée d’accompagnement d’un collectif d’enseignants-chercheurs en Science du Sport. Les résultats soulignent le rôle décisif des ateliers, et plus particulièrement des CDD, dans la construction d’un sens commun entre les participants et pour favoriser une activité de conception collaborative orientée simultanément vers l’évolution de leurs objets de travail et vers une finalité de développement durable. Les CDD offrent un cadre structurant de la pensée tout en laissant une liberté totale dans le sens et l’interprétation portés à celles-ci puisqu’elles sont suffisamment « larges » pour que les participants se les approprient et les « remettent à leur main ». Les ateliers aident à la mise en réflexion des enjeux du développement durable et favorisent un débat constructif. Nous discutons des limites des ateliers et du dispositif actuels, et de notre étude, avant de conclure sur les perspectives d’appliquer ce dispositif à d’autres collectifs de travailleurs.
African Perspectives of Legal Frameworks on Disabilities in the Schooling System
Authors: Thuketana Nkhensani Susan , Mulovhedzi Shonisani Agnes , Luhalima Takalani Rhoda
Published: October 2023

After more than two decades and many interventions, the education system in South Africa, particularly regarding inclusive education implementation, still faces insurmountable transformation challenges. The sustainable developmental goal four (SDG 4) on quality education constitutes one instrument to drive the evolution process. However, research has shown that Western paradigms are partly to blame for the slow shift from the social rights model to offering quality education to children with disabilities in mainstream schools. Additionally, a need exists for policies and legal frameworks to metamorphose, be responsive to the needs of children with disabilities, and become aligned to the African perspectives. This chapter discusses the dominant Western paradigms that ignore African beneficiaries' voices on intervention provision, and intermittently highlights the African legal framework's benefits towards encouraging indigenous knowledge systems within a globalised world.
Understanding Dyscalculia
Authors: Venketsamy Roy , Hu Zijing
Published: October 2023

Mathematical skills are a necessity in every society and contribute to the economic growth of its country. However, this subject is often feared among young people in Africa and the world. According to research, learners' fear stems from poor mathematics teaching and learning, parents' and siblings' attitudes towards mathematics, teacher competencies, curriculum development, and student motivation. Some fears are so profound that it leads to dyscalculia among learners. Dyscalculia is a mathematical learning disability where learners have trouble in learning or understanding numerical concepts. In this chapter, the authors explain dyscalculia, its types and causes. It further highlights the symptoms of dyscalculia and provides strategies to overcome or minimise dyscalculia. Embedded in the strategies are traditional African cultural games that can develop a positive self-concept and motivation to learn mathematics. In conclusion, this chapter provides guidelines to teachers, parents, and caregivers to support their learners facing dyscalculia.
Understanding Tourette Syndrome
Authors: Luhalima Takalani Rhoda , Mulovhedzi Shonisani Agnes , Thuketana Nkhensani Susan
Published: October 2023

Tourette syndrome is a hereditary, childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. It is characterised by uncontrolled movement/unwanted sounds (tics) that are followed by a generalised urge (uncomfortable bodily sensation) that cannot easily be controlled. Estimates of its prevalence in children range from 0.3 to 0.8 percent, but rates of 0.3-0.8 percent are believed to accurately represent the disorder's occurrence. It has effects on cognitive, psychological, emotional, and social development. Males are about three to four times more likely to develop the syndrome. There is no cure for Tourette syndrome, treatments are there just for tic control if severe, and interferes with a child's quality of life. The purpose of the chapter is to understand what Tourette syndrome is, its causes, symptoms, effects, and strategies to manage and support the affected. The research method used was a desktop literature review and oral history.
Understanding Challenging Behaviors
Authors: Chauke Margaret
Published: October 2023

The aim of this chapter is to gain an understanding of challenging behaviours from an African perspective. The author explored literature on challenging behaviours from African European researchers and an indigenous knowledge system. An indigenous knowledge system implies using the African context through oral traditions and narrations passed from one generation to the next to transfer knowledge. The results show that African communities believed in their ancestors, traditional healers, Dingaka, and their trainees Mathosana, to support learners with challenging behaviours. The recommendations from the findings suggest that even though African communities believed in their ancestors and traditional healers to support learners with challenging behaviours, they should also be guided by the policy on screening, identification, assessment, and support (SIAS), since it provides guidelines and a framework to standardise how teachers go about their daily teaching tasks in schools.
Understanding Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Mpofu Jabulani , Chimhenga Sylod
Published: October 2023

This chapter describes what multiple sclerosis is. It looks at clinical features and subtypes of multiple sclerosis, its causes, and how it could be treated from an African point of view. In addition, this chapter aimed to explore the unique experiences of individuals living with MS within the African context, with a specific focus on the challenges faced by these individuals and the support and or resources that help them to cope with their experiences or condition. Multiple sclerosis is the most common neurological disorder to affect young adults in the developed world. It is a chronic, progressive neurological condition that is unpredictable and for which no solution has been found. Placement of students with MS in ordinary schools among other students without disabilities becomes a necessity because their participation in education is a critical issue the world over, with the emphasis on the education and rights of persons with disabilities.
Understanding Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Molosiwa Serefete
Published: October 2023

Cerebral palsy (CP) is found to be a highly common disability across the world that has contributed massively to physical disability globally. Africa is trending behind in her understanding of this very complex condition, and lags in awareness of the prevalence, and incidence statistics of CP, which does not help with planning for services for such individuals. Evidently, a robust understanding of CP is extremely lacking in the African context, and it is against this background that the author of this chapter found an urgent need to present African's unique ways of perceiving CP. The chapter, therefore, proposes moving away from the myopic, Eurocentric lens of understanding CP, which in the main is biomedical and lacks the African indigenous understanding that is important for this continent. The purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to share a broader understanding of cerebral palsy from the African perspective.
Merging Eurocentric and Afrocentric Paradigms to Support People Living With Disabilities in the Schooling System
Authors: Masuku Khetsiwe Phumelele , Moroe Nomfundo
Published: October 2023

Inclusive education for children with disabilities is yet to be realized despite numerous international, regional, and continental policies and conventions. The authors of the chapter present that African polices are usually developed based on international treaties, which—although they do consider disability issues which are common across the globe when making presentations on disability policies—may not necessarily adequately consider the nuances specific to the African context. As a result, Eurocentric paradigms, which are often excluding and marginalizing to other worldviews, have been unsuccessful, and therefore require to be used in conjuction with Afrocentric, context-specific paradigms. The authors specifically propose “ubuntu” as a potential framework that can facilitate the achievement of inclusion for children with disabilities in education due to its strong link to interconnection and human dignity, and its emphasis on one's true human potential being attributed through collaboration with others.
Benefits of Afrocentric Practices in Supporting People With Disabilities in the Schooling System
Authors: Mosito Cina P. , Adewumi Toyin Mary
Published: October 2023

Afrocentric education is identified as a possible resolution to the many academic challenges experienced by people with disabilities. However, many people with disabilities do not have access to quality education due to various factors. The chapter discusses the benefits of Afrocentric practices in supporting people with disabilities in the schooling system. A curriculum that infuses Afrocentricity in the classroom will not only encourage people with disabilities, it will give a better understanding of their historical backgrounds, also improve their educational achievements, and raise their self-esteem. The chapter focuses on the people with disabilities; human rights; Afrocentric practices; principles foregrounding an Afrocentric learning environment; the educational value of Afrocentric indigenous pedagogy; strategies of Afrocentric indigenous pedagogy; benefits of Afrocentric practices. The chapter further presents Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory.
Exploring the SDGs in the Non-Financial Reporting Practices by the Largest Portuguese Companies
Authors: Loureiro Alice , Monteiro Sónia , Ribeiro Verónica
Published: October 2023

The apparent commitment of Portuguese corporations to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is still limited. Therefore, this chapter aims to address this gap by conducting a detailed descriptive analysis of SDGs reporting practices in the largest Portuguese companies over a 5-year period (2016-2020), following the approval of the 2030 Agenda. The specific objectives of this analysis are to understand how the SDGs are disclosed in non-financial reporting documents and to analyse which SDGs are referenced by companies and given priority. There has been an increasing trend in non-financial reporting over the years, and the most frequently cited SDGs in the reports are SDG12, SDG8, SDG7, and SDG13.
Performance Evaluation of Conventional and Sustainable Pension Funds in Türkiye Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Duranay Serhat , Özsoy Mehmet
Published: October 2023

The results obtained by analyzing the financial performance of sustainable investments help to break down investors' negative prejudices about this investment philosophy. Although the number of studies in this area has reached a satisfactory level in developed markets, there are serious deficiencies in emerging markets. The fund kind and methodology differentiate this study from the literature. The study examines the performance of sustainable pension funds in the Turkish market, using MCDM of entropy, TOPSIS, and GRA. Including 3 sustainable and 19 conventional pension funds, the study covers the period between 2017 and 2021. The findings reveal that TOPSIS and GRA results are consistent. Although the performance ranking of sustainable funds fluctuates, it is observed that, in general, sustainable funds do not lag behind the performance of conventional funds and may even outperform them. Moreover, they have maintained their performance and outperformed conventional funds during periods of domestic crisis. However, a similar situation was not observed during the COVID-19 period.
Sustainability Disclosure
Authors: Coelho Arnaldo , Cancela Beatriz Lopes , Fontoura Pedro , Rato Alexandre
Published: October 2023

The literature on the disclosure of sustainability has been receiving increasing attention, with various studies being conducted. However, the systematic review of the literature on “sustainability disclosure” by mapping the existing research and identifying opportunities for future research is fragmented and limited, and the objectives of this investigation intend to respond to this gap. The chapter contributes to contemporary literature by carving out the importance sustainability disclosure. The methodology employed includes a systematic literature review using the Web of Science and Scopus databases (1979 and 2023), which was analyzed using the VOSviewer and RStudio software. The results of the study reveal six distinct groups of publication trends, including sustainable index and practices, corporate image and reputation, sustainability reporting, frameworks related to sustainability, corporate governance approaches, and board corporative characteristics.
Online Environmental Disclosure Practice Among Big Polluters in Serbia
Authors: Hanić Aida , Stevanović Slavica , Mitić Petar
Published: October 2023

This chapter aims to analyze the online environmental disclosure practice by big polluters in Serbia. The analysis was based on a sample of 69 companies, classified into five affiliation sectors, from the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR). The results show that big Serbian polluters still use the traditional management approach since the level of disclosure is less than 30%. To quantify the level of disclosure, Environmental Disclosure Index was employed, containing 15 variables. Most of the analyzed companies on their websites disclosed their environmental certification, environmental policy, and waste management and reduction, while the less informed variable was pollutant types and emissions. Also, the results show that big polluters in Serbia are willing to disclose only positive environmental activities and results.
The Role of ESG Ratings in Investment Portfolio Choices
Authors: Kaucic Massimiliano , Piccotto Filippo , Rossi Paola , Sbaiz Gabriele , Valentinuz Giorgio
Published: October 2023

The chapter presents a general model for constructing portfolios in which environmental, social, and governance (ESG) rating (or score) assessments are added alongside traditional risk and return objectives. The design of portfolios involves ESG scores as an additional objective. Then multiobjective optimisation models are employed to construct the corresponding efficient frontiers. Moreover, the authors introduce a technique for selecting the optimal portfolio according to the investor's preferences toward the three objectives. Six investor profiles that would position themselves in their optimal portfolio, using variance and conditional value at risk (CVaR) as risk measures, are identified for experimental analysis. Starting with Refinitiv's ESG ratings for 538 companies that are part of the STOXX Europe 600 Index from January 2016 to December 2021, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is finally confirmed ex-post.
An Insight Into the Personal and Interpersonal Causes of Digital Burnout
Authors: Kurt Ali
Published: October 2023

Digital burnout in education emerged as a contemporary issue that has become a significant concern for language teachers and students. Digital burnout is not only limited to the context of a global health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, but may also manifest in any personal breakdowns. The AHP analysis identified the top three factors that contribute to digital burnout in second language acquisition (SLA), such as constant access to the internet, pandemic-related psychological breakdown, and information overload. The study also revealed socially adverse emotional contagion as the fourth most influential factor; that is, when students see their peers and social circles as unmotivated and not engaging in meaningful activities, their own motivation tends to decline. As the second social dynamic, the lack of real face-to-face interaction, also constitutes the seventh factor overall contributing to digital burnout. Hence, a balanced presentation of online and in-person learning in all scenarios, if possible, is the best approach that aligns with human nature and thoroughly serves SLA.
Potential Outcomes of Digital Burnout in Second Language Learning
Authors: Demirbilek Muhammet , Suvorova Tetiana
Published: October 2023

Digital burnout has become a growing concern in today's technologically driven society. With the advent of digital devices and the internet, people are spending more time than ever before on digital platforms, leading to a new phenomenon called digital burnout. In second language learning, digital burnout can have a significant impact on learners. Digital technologies have transformed language learning and created new opportunities for learners to acquire knowledge and skills. However, the pervasive use of digital tools and platforms can also lead to burnout and negative outcomes for language learners. This chapter aims to explore the potential outcomes of digital burnout in second language learning, including decreased motivation, cognitive overload, decreased learning outcomes, and reduced well-being.
Causal Machine Learning in Social Impact Assessment
Authors: Lopes Nuno Castro , Cavique Luís
Published: October 2023

Social impact assessment is a fundamental process to verify the achievement of the objectives of interventions and, consequently, to validate investments in the social area. Generally, this process is based on the analysis of the average effects of the intervention, which does not allow a detailed understanding of the individualization of these effects. Causal machine learning methods mark an evolution in causal inference, as they allow for a more heterogeneous assessment of the effects of interventions. Applying these methods to evaluate the impact of social projects and programs offers the advantage of improving the selection of target audiences and optimizing and personalizing future interventions. In this chapter, in a non-technical way, the authors explore classical causal inference methods to estimate average effects and new causal machine learning methods to evaluate heterogeneous effects. They address adapting the Uplift Modeling method to assess social interventions. They also address the advantages, limitations, and research needs for using these new techniques in social intervention.
Artificial Intelligence in Tourism
Authors: Bigné Enrique
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence in tourism activities opens a bundle of emerging applications for tourists and companies. This chapter aims to delineate the stages of the tourist journey and the usage of four types of intelligence suggested in the literature: mechanical, analytical, intuitive, and empathetic. Based on these two ideas, the authors propose a useful framework for disentangling the different types of current and future applications of AI in tourism. Each stage involves multiple suppliers with different types of AI applications, and its adoption will ultimately rely on tourist trust and, therefore, willingness to share data and the use of robotics and other AI forms. The chapter ends with some trends and reflections on the expansion of AI in tourism that pivot around these ideas: job replacement and flexible operations; mobile-centric approach; data integration and analytics; revenue management and customer interactions tension; (v) neuroscientific tools for AI in tourism.
The Influence of Culture on Sentiments Expressed in Online Reviews of Eco-Friendly Hotels
Authors: Chirica Estefania Ballester , Ruiz-Mafé Carla , Rubio Natalia
Published: October 2023

The proliferation of content generated by tourists, in parallel with the exponential growth of social media is causing a paradigm shift in research. Traditional surveys cannot be necessary to obtain users' opinions when scholars can access this valuable information freely through social media. In the domain of tourism, online tourists' reviews (OTRs) shared on online travel communities stand out. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the usefulness of OTRs in analysing the image of a green hotel. The authors also examine the possible differences in the content of green hotel online reviews across Anglos and European tourists. The data source are 28,189 reviews by tourists shared on TripAdvisor regarding the 82 green hotels of the city of Amsterdam. The findings showed that tourist's culture significantly determine the content of the OTRs. The results show preferences and opinions from the tourist's perspective, which can be useful for hotel managers to promoting sustainability practices.
Artificial Intelligence Method for the Analysis of Marketing Scientific Literature
Authors: Hyder Antonio , Perez-Vidal Carlos , Nag Ronjon
Published: October 2023

A machine-based research reading methodology specific to the academic discipline of marketing science is introduced, focused on the text mining of scientific texts, analysis and predictive writing, by adopting artificial intelligence developments from other research fields in particular materials and chemical science. It is described how marketing research can be extracted from documents, classified and tokenised in individual words. This is conducted by applying text-mining with named entity recognition together with entity normalisation for large-scale information extraction of published scientific literature. Both a generic methodology for overall marketing science analysis as well as a narrowed-down contextualised method for delimited marketing topics are detailed. Automated literature review is discussed as well as potential automated formulation of hypotheses and how AI can assist in the transfer of marketing research knowledge to practice, in particular to startups, as they can benefit from AI powered science-based decision making. Recommendations for next steps are made.
Exploratory Cluster Analysis Using Self-Organizing Maps
Authors: Marques Nuno C. , Silva Bruno
Published: October 2023

As the volume and complexity of data streams continue to increase, exploratory cluster analysis is becoming increasingly important. In this chapter, the authors explore the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs), particularly self-organizing maps (SOMs), for this purpose. They propose additional methodologies, including concept drift detection, as well as distributed and collaborative learning strategies and introduce a new open-source Java ANN library, designed to support practical applications of SOMs across various domains. By following our tutorial, users will gain practical insights into visualizing and analyzing these challenging datasets, enabling them to harness the full potential of our approach in their own projects. Overall, this chapter aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of SOMs and their place within the broader context of artificial neural networks. Furthermore, we offer practical guidance on the effective development and utilization of these models in real-world applications.
Ethical Issues of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors: Shawky Sara , Thaichon Park , Quach Sara , Ferm Lars-Erik Casper
Published: October 2023

Ethical issues of AI have become a huge concern dominating government, media, and academic discourse. This chapter sheds light on some of the most pressing ethical issues that result from the adoption of AI-powered tools. Increasing inequality, widening social and economic gaps, compromising privacy and data protection, outsmarting humans and impacting human rights, lack of accountability, liability and reliability, and lack of empathy and sympathy are considered the most pressing challenges that need to be addressed concerning AI and big data. This chapter also provides insight into strategies that are currently in place to overcome adverse implications of AI in the public and private sectors. Providing insight into these ethical challenges along with the governing solutions makes a significant contribution to the ongoing discourse and urges for bringing forth sustainable solutions that are necessary for the ethical application of these technologies in different fields.
Artificial Intelligence vs Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Bhardwaj Bhawana , Sharma Dipanker , Dhiman Mohinder Chand
Published: October 2023

In today's dynamic world, businesses are witnessing various transformational challenges. AI has played a critical role in facilitating managerial performances and has become a buzzword. AI-driven functions and decision-making are quickly becoming the norm in today's digital world. However, the role of emotional intelligence in managerial and business success must be addressed. AI also needs human intervention support. AI supports business success by increasing work efficiency and customer satisfaction, reducing overall business costs and allowing for a more rapid expansion, customer segmentation, and better consumer insights. The adoption of AI globally has increased 2.5 times in the last five years. In 2017, 20% of respondents accepted adopting AI in at least one business area. This figure now stands at 50%. This chapter examines the role of AI vs EI in contemporary business performances. The authors discuss the need for a new managerial orientation of balancing EI and AI for sustainable business performance.
Leveraging AI for the Reinforcement of GHRM
Authors: Anshima  , Bhardwaj Bhawana
Published: October 2023

The backbone of any organization is considered its human capital and potential capabilities to lead the competitive and dynamic business environment. This research synthesizes the existing literature substantiated by documentary pieces of evidence to integrate AI and green HR practices to achieve sustainable goals. Green Human Resource Management or GHRM and Artificial Intelligence or AI have emerged to take precedence among the most crucial workplace transformation initiatives. GHRM refers to the systematic, planned alignment of typical human resource management practices with the organization's environmental goal. AI in HRM is the process of stimulating a computer's cognitive intelligence to enhance its effectiveness. This research aims to develop the conceptual framework and offer propositions as the foundation for empirical research. The research will highlight the AI augmentation to green HR practices in furthering sustainability goals. Additionally, the results of the research will be insightful for future researchers to further the literature on AI and GHRM.
Emotional Intelligence as a Predictor of Psychological Wellbeing and Workplace Performance
Authors: Azad Yashpal , Kumar Amit
Published: October 2023

Understanding emotional well-being is crucial in today's tech-driven world for effective coping and stress management in personal and professional life. Managing emotional intelligence is vital for employee interaction, fostering a positive work environment, and enhancing performance and overall well-being. This chapter aims to conduct a systematic literature review and develop a comprehensive conceptual model illustrating the intricate relationships among emotional intelligence, overall well-being, and work performance. It guides organizations, managers, policymakers, and future research in tailoring policies and practices. The review affirms a strong association between EI, overall well-being, and work performance, impacting both well-being and work outcomes. The conceptual model illustrates how emotional intelligence significantly affects well-being and workplace performance through direct and indirect factors. These findings suggest the need for effective interventions and strategies to improve emotional intelligence, overall well-being, and work performance.
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective Leadership and Decision-Making in Business Management
Authors: Sharma Rohan , Dhanta Rozy , Solomon Dahlak Daniel
Published: October 2023

Effective leadership and decision-making are essential in today's dynamic corporate environment. This study explores how important company management components are impacted by emotional intelligence (EI). EI entails the ability to identify, evaluate, and control one's own emotions as well as those of others. It examines the elements of EI and how it is used in decision-making and leadership. Highly empathetic leaders motivate and engage their staff, improving the workplace and performance. The study reveals how EI affects decision-making, taking into account both cognitive and emotional components for better results in difficult circumstances. The importance of training, mentoring, and feedback in the development of EI in executives is stressed. This promotes efficiency and thoughtful decision-making, which eventually leads to organizational success. It is essential to give EI top priority while developing leaders. The report also suggests prospective lines of inquiry and provides helpful advice for practitioners.
The Correlation Between Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction Among Hospital Nurses
Authors: Roy Dimpal
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to investigate the association between the job satisfaction experienced by hospital nurses in Jaipur and their level of emotional intelligence. The triumphs and accomplishments of a person are directly proportional to their level of intelligence. In Jaipur, a correlational research study was carried out. For the study, one hundred registered general nurses were recruited from three private hospitals in Jaipur (50 females and 50 males). Both emotional intelligence and work contentment were evaluated using the Schutte self-report emotional intelligence inventory and the job contentment survey. Both of these surveys were administered online. The research showed a significant positive association between nurses' emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. In addition, the findings did not point to any substantial gender disparities in terms of emotional intelligence or happiness with one's place of employment.
Models of Emotional Intelligence and Its Impact on Employee Engagement and Productivity
Authors: Negi Monica , Kathuria Kapil , Sharma Nidhi , Pangtu Shabnam
Published: October 2023

The chapter will comprise show how EI and employment engagement go hand in hand. Moreover, it's important to understand the impact of emotional intelligence on employee engagement. When employees possess strong emotional intelligence skills, they are better equipped to navigate interpersonal dynamics, manage their emotions effectively, and contribute positively to the workplace. The authors have made an effort to explain how emotional productivity is influenced by emotional intelligence.
Developmental Language Disorders
Authors: Tsakkiri Tsampika Aikaterini , Katsarou Dimitra V. , Argyriadi Agathi , Lyra Olga
Published: October 2023

Humans are born with an innate capacity for intersubjective communication which has a biological basis and regulates cultural learning and thinking. Intersubjectivity reflects the way in which an individual understands and relates to others and is reflected, among other things, through the expression of emotions and the use of symbols. Language development is related to intersubjectivity and children's ability to imitate and learn through the inter-coordination of attention. However, some infants show language delay and are classified as late talkers. There are early signs which reveal early language delay and are associated with intersubjectivity. Furthermore, they may be signs of early diagnosis of a developmental disorder.
Language Development and Theory of Mind
Authors: Papaleontiou-Louca Eleonora , Gena Aggeliki
Published: October 2023

Language development in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with deficits in receptive and expressive language, including pragmatics, language structure, and inappropriate verbal utterances (e.g., stereotypic and echolalic utterances). Moreover, children and adolescents with ASD present deficits in first- and in second-order ‘Theory-of Mind' (ToM), even when their overall cognitive abilities are intact. Difficulties in understanding the ‘pragmatic use of language', in particular, may be attributed to deficits in two other domains: those of ToM and of Social Pragmatics. It is proposed that the systematic use of “internal/mental-state language” by parents and teachers, and the promotion of metacognitive language and metacognitive thinking could be largely beneficial for children and adolescents with ASD. Thus, it is strongly recommended that the development of these areas is addressed in their treatment programs, aiming to improve not only cognitive and socioemotional development, but their overall quality of life as well.
Pragmatic and Language Abilities in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Dosi Ifigeneia , Boni Nefeli
Published: October 2023

The present study aims to investigate pragmatic and language abilities, in general, in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is not primarily a language disorder and language impairments or delays are no longer considered core characteristics of the condition. Instead, ASD mainly affects pragmatic abilities. In the current study, three high-functioning Greek-speaking individuals with ASD (ages 9, 11, and 15) were tested using picture-based tasks from the diagnostic evaluation of language variation (DELV). The results showed variations in their performance and developmental differences. The younger participant faced challenges in morphosyntactic abilities, possibly related to a comorbid language disorder rather than ASD-specific difficulties. The findings are discussed in light of three theoretical perspectives: theory of mind, executive functions, and weak central cohesion.
Investigating Developmental Dyslexia Through Implicit Artificial Grammar Learning
Authors: Folia Vasiliki , Malisiova Afroditi , Silva Susana , Pavlidou Elpis V.
Published: October 2023

The exact relationship between implicit sequence learning and developmental dyslexia continues to be a topic of debate, limiting potential advancements in educational interventions. This chapter delves into exploring this relationship by analysing recent studies that have investigated implicit learning using the artificial grammar learning paradigm (AGL) in children with dyslexia. The implications, drawbacks, and future possibilities identified in this context are discussed. Ultimately, valuable insights are extracted from the body of literature on implicit artificial grammar learning, suggesting that incorporating implicit learning methods in educational settings might hold significant and relevant promise for enhancing reading abilities. This questions the conventional notion that dyslexia interventions should solely rely on explicit instructional methods, and instead reinforces the concept of a cooperative strategy towards instructional approaches.
How “Specific” Are Specific Learning Disabilities After All?
Authors: Zerva Irini K. , Bonti Eleni
Published: October 2023

Learning-related NDDs, such as Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), appear in childhood, and due to their high connectivity with children's schooling, they attract the intense interest of scientists. Successive questions arise about when and what is the most appropriate intervention, what are the benefits, what is the method of implementation, where should the intervention take place, and other related questions that arise always with the aim of optimizing support. But the question that precedes all the above is which exactly is the disorder? Is it only one? How are its symptoms distinguished and how could anybody be sure of its distinctiveness from others with a high rate of overlap? The introduction of the term ‘spectrum of NDDs' could pave the way for a re-approach of the clinical continuum of NDDs. This chapter aims to open a discussion and raise concerns about overlapping symptoms in learning-related NDDs, with the aim of achieving better intervention through a clearer system of diagnosis.
Hearing Loss and Its Effect on Children's Language Development
Authors: Kougiou Chara Eleni , Mantsos Evangelos
Published: October 2023

Hearing loss in children has a negative impact on the process of speech and language development. There is a critical period, during which the central nervous system is more sensitive to the information it receives from the environment, for the development of specific abilities. For speech and language development, the critical period is the first three to four years of life, presenting indeed differentiation in terms of the various elements of language. The hard of hearing children tend to have problems in phonology, morthosyntactix, and semantic development. The early diagnosis of children with hearing problems, either through programs of universal newborn hearing screening, or through the increased vigilance of parents, educators, and pediatricians, and the targeted therapeutic intervention, are crucial for the development of a native language.
Non-Neurogenic Language Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Christodoulou Andri
Published: October 2023

This chapter explores Non-Neurogenic Language Disorders (NNLDs) in children and adolescents, providing an overview of the current literature regarding etiology, assessment and diagnosis, treatment, and challenges encountered. NNLDs are defined as alterations/impairments to language not caused by neurological conditions or brain damage. Identifying the cause of NNLDs is complex, as the interplay of multifaceted factors makes each case unique in terms of etiology and symptomatology. Early identification and intervention are crucial in order to receive appropriate support. Understanding NNLDs is essential for facilitating effective communication and promoting inclusivity for individuals who experience these challenges. Targeted interventions with collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, educators, and families are essential in improving language outcomes, enhancing communication skills, and facilitating successful transitions to adulthood.
Neurodevelopmental Language Disorders in School Context
Authors: Zerva Irini K. , Koundourou Christiana
Published: October 2023

Literacy is a basic demand of modern civilization. Educational systems promote reading and writing as a primary requirement of schooling. In children with Νeurodevelopmental Disorders, language development is very often affected, and obstacles emerge that are also strongly reflected in writing and reading skills. The difficulties to develop such skills are identified already from the first years of schooling, they are of great concern to the educational community and the school context is called upon to either manage and support these students or implement appropriate interventions to deal with these difficulties. Especially, in early school years but also later, when students develop metacognitive strategies, teaching plays a crucial role in literacy. The ways of pedagogical management and intervention in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and more specifically with Special Learning Disorders that focus on reading and writing skills are a valuable tool for teachers. This chapter will highlight where the various interventions in the school context should be aimed and how important is the role of Executive Functions.
Reading in Bidialectal Contexts
Authors: Taxitari Loukia , Lioliou Isidora , Mousoulidou Marilena
Published: October 2023

Language, as a dynamic and multifaceted system, plays a central role in shaping the process of learning to read. The complex interaction between spoken and written language is a cornerstone of reading acquisition, where phonological awareness, decoding skills, and metalinguistic comprehension converge to facilitate reading. The effects of dialect on this complex process have received increasing attention, revealing that the language variations inherent in dialects can significantly influence how children learn to read. This chatper aims to explore empirical data related to literacy development in bidialectal contexts, as well as their educational and clinical implications, with particular emphasis on the unique context of Greek-speaking Cyprus.
Writing Skills of Individuals With Developmental Language Disorder (DLD)
Authors: Aslanoglou Vasiliki , Andreou Georgia , Vlachos Filippos , Lymperopoulou Vasiliki
Published: October 2023

Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a neurodevelopmental language disorder that causes a delay in language development and deficits in all domains of language. The bulk of research up to now has focused mainly on the oral language of the DLD population; however ,written language is also impaired in DLD and remains an under researched field thus far. The aim of the chapter is to present research findings regarding the acquisition of writing skills of the DLD population and report the specific difficulties this population faces in written language production. More specifically, the chapter focuses on the type of errors observed in the written language production of individuals with DLD in different kinds of tasks. Also, the vocabulary used and the spelling and grammar errors as well as the quality of their written texts are further discussed. In addition, the errors observed while producing a narrative on a specific prompt or while writing down dictated words are presented separately.
Understanding Robotics in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Authors: Singh Kiran Jot , Kapoor Divneet Singh , Sharma Anshul , Thakur Khushal
Published: October 2023

This chapter aims to explore the perceptions and attitudes of people regarding the utilization of robots in the hospitality and tourism industries. The objective is to gain insight into how these industries may need to adapt to meet the expectations and preferences of consumers in this emerging technological landscape. The study focuses on various domains within the hospitality and tourism sectors, hotel operations, museums, airports, and other transportation stations. The outcomes of this research will provide valuable insights for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and service providers in designing and implementing effective strategies to meet the evolving expectations of consumers. Ultimately, this study seeks to bridge the gap between technological advancements and consumer preferences in the Indian context. Furthermore, it will contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of robotics and hospitality, serving as a foundation for future studies and initiatives aimed at enhancing customer experiences and satisfaction leading to consumer happiness in these industries.
Digital Innovation as a Catalyst for Advancing SDG 4
Authors: Ahuja Vivek
Published: October 2023

The convergence of digital innovation and Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) marks a transformative phase in education. This chapter reviews extant literature to explore the intricate interplay between these two forces and their profound impact on reshaping education. The exploration spans diverse dimensions: leveraging digital tools for inclusive learning, enhancing experiences, fostering lifelong learning, efficient administration, and global collaboration. Throughout this review, compelling case studies emerge as evidence of effective digital integration. The chapter highlights digital innovation as a bridge, connecting educational landscapes and facilitating knowledge dissemination across borders. Amidst challenges like accessibility and data privacy, a call emerges for stakeholders to harness digital innovation in harmony with SDG 4's vision of equitable education.
Hacking
Authors: Roque Carolina , Canudo Maria , Moreira Samuel , Guedes Inês Sousa
Published: October 2023

This chapter aims to present a theoretical foundation on hacking, focusing on the perpetrator's profile, his modus operandi, and typologies. First, a conceptualization and characterization of the phenomenon's key terms is presented. Next, the chapter addresses the historical evolution of the perception of the phenomenon, from the moment of its emergence to the current understanding. The most prominent typologies in the scientific literature will be described, which seek to distinguish the perpetrators of the behaviors according to criteria related to their practice. While focusing on the cybercriminals, the chapter emphasizes the hacker's figure, directing the review on their sociodemographic profile and contextual aspects. Finally, the personality factors prevalent in hackers are characterized, namely according to the big five model and the dark triad model. This chapter, using criminological lens, will increase the knowledge of the hackers and its modus operandi. The implications of this knowledge will be outlined.
Privacy Protection Challenges in Statistical Disclosure Control
Authors: Jadhav Poonam Samir , Borkar Gautam M.
Published: October 2023

Due to privacy and confidentiality issues, a significant portion of the data collected by statistics agencies cannot be directly published. These issues span the legal and ethical spectrums. Statistical disclosure control (SDC) is an important tool to protect the privacy of individuals when releasing sensitive data for statistical analysis. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed to ensure effective privacy preservation while also allowing for accurate statistical analysis. This chapter discusses the challenges faced by SDC in preserving privacy from a privacy preservation perspective. The challenges include the trade-off between privacy and data quality, increasing complexity of data, new data collection methods, and legal and ethical considerations. The rise of machine learning and artificial intelligence presents additional challenges. The chapter emphasizes the need for ongoing research and collaboration between statisticians, computer scientists, and policymakers to develop effective SDC techniques that balance privacy and data utility.
Application and Analysis for Sustainability Strategy Development
Authors: Rahim Emad
Published: October 2023

Sustainability should encompass social and environmental bottom lines with the expectations of also securing financial stability in the context of business operations. With sustainability as a business, social, ecological, or environmental system, it is important to understand that each system has its unique challenges that require resolution. Approaches and solutions in response to these unique systems may differ, but the need for sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a universal imperative for long-term success. The primary focus of this chapter examines themes relating to leadership and management dynamics that influence sustainability strategy development, analysis, and the future direction of corporate sustainability and CSR.