bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgency of Falsum in Indonesian Criminal Justice System as Basis for Revision; An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Mia Amiati  , Taufik Rachman  , R.B. Muhammad Zainal Abidin
Published: October 2024

In Indonesian Islamic law, "falsum" has no direct equivalent. However, this idea matters in legal debates of beliefs, utterances, and behaviors. Falsum corrects final decisions in Germany and the Dutch during Revision. Indonesian prosecutors might request Revision, but the Constitutional Court limited this power to convicts and their descendants, extending unfairness. Revision should remedy bribery, document forgery, conflict of interest, and perjury by using the idea of falsum. However, falsum implementation in Indonesia raises problems about its compatibility with Islamic values. The study investigates how addressing falsum, in accordance with the principles of justice and utility, can lead to fairer legal reforms and bolster public confidence in the judiciary, especially within Indonesia's predominantly Muslim community. It examines the possibilities and drawbacks of legalizing falsum in Indonesia using normative, theoretical, and comparative approaches. It contends that the notion of falsum can provide a persuasive rationale for legal reforms in Indonesia's criminal court system. It also enables law enforcement officials and future drafters of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) to understand the evolution of Revision because granting prosecutors the authority to initiate Revision based on falsum is crucial for ensuring greater justice.
The Symbol of Acculturation and Islamic Unity in Nganggung Tradition of Bangka: An Integration of Maqāṣid asy-Syarī’ah with Local Wisdom
Authors: Sulaiman Rusydi , Ibrahim  , Muhammad Qomaruddin Ridwan  , Ahmad Afnan Anshori  , Alfan Shidqon
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to explore the integration of traditional and modern Islam in nganggung tradition of Bangka society. Nganggung is a customary practice of bringing food with specific procedures and attributes to commemorate important Islamic holidays. It existed for a long time as a tradition in Bangka conducted by traditionalists. Recently, modernists also participated in the event, making nganggung a melting pot that blends traditionalists and modernists. While associated with traditional Islam, this practice has also involved modern practices.  The research was carried out in Kemuja and Kenanga villages on Bangka Island, using interviews, participatory observation, and a literature review. It addresses three key questions: How is local wisdom in the nganggung tradition expressed in contemporary Bangka society? How can this wisdom strengthen ties between traditional and modern Islam? What is the role of maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah in sustaining this wisdom for lasting harmony? Findings show modernists' participation arises from respect for traditional Islam. While nganggung has adapted to include all groups, changes remain minor. It continues to unite society, sustained by Islamic values and maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah.
Interfaith Marriage of North Sulawesi Multicultural Community in Minority Fiqh Perspective
Authors: Edi Gunawan  , Budi Rahmat Hakim  , Reza Adeputra Tohis  , Imam Mash’ud
Published: October 2024

The teachings of Islam and the Indonesian constitution clearly prohibit interfaith marriage. However, some Muslim communities in North Sulawesi as a minority group have entered into interfaith marriages. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the phenomenon of interreligious marriage in North Sulawesi and the achievement of minority fiqh objectives in interfaith families. This research is a field research that uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. Data collection was conducted through interviews with informants consisting of 5 interfaith marriage actors, 1 village official, and 1 religious leader. The results showed that the main motivation for interfaith couples to marry is mutual love. They also tend to get support from their respective extended families so that the marriage runs relatively smoothly and safely. The objectives of minority fiqh are achieved in interfaith marriages in the multicultural society of North Sulawesi. Minority fiqh can be an approach in interfaith marriages in multicultural societies where Muslims are a minority, without losing their Islamic essence, it is based on the fiqh rule that changes in law can occur due to changes in times and places. Minority jurisprudence can be an alternative basis for the sustainability of interfaith families in North Sulawesi that are able to maintain their Islamic identity while still respecting their partner's beliefs.
Special Issue on Robotics and Mechatronics Technology for Aerial Robots
Authors: Ohtake Hiroshi , Suzuki Satoshi , Takesue Naoyuki , Miwa Masafumi , Fujikawa Taro
Published: October 2024

Aerial robot technologies, such as drones and unmanned aerial vehicles, are rapidly advancing in various domains. These robots now possess enhanced autonomous flying abilities and use sensor technology, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system, and cameras to avoid obstacles, automatically land, and track flights. Evolving technologies in airspace management and route optimization ensure that flights are efficient and safe. Aerial robots have a wide range of applications, such as agriculture, disaster response, environmental monitoring, and inspection. These devices excel at precise data collection thanks to their high-resolution cameras and high-precision sensors. Swarm robotics, which allows collaboration between multiple aerial and ground robots, is also progressing. This enables quick coverage of large areas, which benefits disaster relief and land management. In addition, research and development of flying robots modeled after flying animals is underway. The evolution of aerial robots results in their efficient use in a variety of fields and new applications.

This special issue includes the latest research papers and development reports on aerial robotic technology from the aforementioned perspectives. We hope that this special issue will pique researchers’ and engineers’ interest in aerial robots, thereby encouraging additional research and development. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to all authors, all reviewers, the editorial board of the Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics, and Fuji Technology Press Ltd.
Quad-Rotor Avoidance Trajectory Generation for Convex Polyhedron Obstacles
Authors: Arai Yoshihide , Sago Takashi , Ueyama Yuki , Harada Masanori
Published: October 2024

This study investigates a method for generating obstacle avoidance trajectories for arbitrary convex polyhedrons. We propose a formulation that converts discrete conditions into continuous equation forms to avoid convex polyhedron obstacles. The condition that the evaluation point be located outside of the convex polyhedron can be transformed into a constraint in the continuous equation form and incorporated into the optimization calculation to generate avoidance trajectories. Avoidance trajectory generation using the Legendre pseudospectral method is performed for convex polyhedral obstacles of various shapes. The results show that the proposed method successfully generates avoidance trajectories for arbitrary convex polyhedral obstacles.
Covariance Control for Uncrewed Aircraft Systems Under Correlated Uncertainty
Authors: Matsuno Yoshinori
Published: October 2024

Uncrewed aircraft systems and advanced air mobility are associated with uncertain conditions, such as wind prediction errors, and they may deviate from dedicated airspaces referred to as corridors. However, further studies on these aspects are required. This study focuses on the covariance control for a stochastic discrete-time linear system under correlated uncertainties. A covariance control problem with chance constraints can be formulated as a convex-programming problem. Numerical simulations of uncrewed aircraft systems path planning can be used to compare two control laws: covariance control laws that consider correlated and noncorrelated noise. Numerical simulations were conducted to verify that the covariance control law considering correlated noise generates a trajectory that appropriately satisfies the constraints. Consequently, the effect of considering correlated noise in the covariance control law was clarified. In addition, covariance control has been demonstrated to generate appropriate trajectories for various state constraints. Moreover, numerical simulations indicated that covariance control facilitated the control of uncertainty, and the effectiveness of the covariance control was evaluated. The insights gained from the results of this study can inform enhanced uncertainty management for improving reliability and safety in real-world applications of uncrewed aircraft systems and advanced air mobility.
Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle Routing Problem for Integrated Crewed and Uncrewed Aircraft Operations
Authors: Matsuno Yoshinori , Andreeva-Mori Adriana
Published: October 2024

Last-mile delivery systems are one of the numerous industrial applications of uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS). This study analyzes UAS-based package delivery systems in the context of the integrated operations of crewed and uncrewed aircraft. It introduces a multi-trip, time-dependent vehicle routing problem aimed at optimizing UAS delivery routes within integrated operations. By conducting numerical simulations of helicopters (crewed aircraft) and UAS missions sharing the same airspace, the optimal UAS routes for resolving potential conflicts in the shared airspace can be effectively determined without any adverse impact on helicopter operations. Knowing the helicopter mission times in advance enables the efficient planning of UAS missions. The results of this study provide valuable insights regarding the implementation of integrated crewed and uncrewed aircraft operations.
Landing Guidance Control Combining Powered Descending with Nonlinear Optimization and Vertical Descending with Model Prediction
Authors: Nakatsuka Yusuke , Satoh Satoshi , Yamada Katsuhiko
Published: October 2024

In this study, we propose a landing guidance control method for the Moon using two control methods. The landing of a spacecraft on the Moon is divided into two phases: the powered descending phase and the vertical descending phase. The powered descending phase aims to optimize the entire trajectory to satisfy the termination constraint, instead of allowing for a relatively long control period. This phase performs feedback control using trajectory updates via nonlinear optimization. The vertical-descending phase aims to achieve accurate control over a short control period. This phase applies nonlinear model predictive control for fast optimization on finite time intervals. First, the landing of a spacecraft on the Moon is modeled as a two-body problem of the Moon and spacecraft, and equations of motion are derived. Subsequently, we formulated an optimization problem for each phase and developed the proposed landing guidance method by combining the two control methods. Furthermore, numerical simulations based on the derived equations of motion were performed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method and to compare its performance with another optimization method, the successive convexification (SCvx) algorithm.
Gliding Performance of an Insect-Inspired Flapping-Wing Robot
Authors: Yamamoto Tatsuya , Noda Ryusuke , Liu Hao , Nakata Toshiyuki
Published: October 2024

Flying animals such as insects and birds use wing flapping for flight, occasionally pausing wing motion and transitioning into gliding to conserve energy for propulsion and achieve high flying efficiency. In this study, we have investigated the gliding performance of a gliding model based on a flapping-wing robot developed in a previous study, with the aim of developing a highly efficient flying robot that utilizes bio-inspired intermittent flight. Wind tunnel experiments with a gliding model have shown that the attitude of the wings has a strong influence on gliding performance and that a tail is effective in improving gliding performance. The results of this study provide important insights into the development of flying robots that can travel long distances with high efficiency.
Senswing: A Force Sensing Wing for Intelligent Flapping-Wing Aerial Vehicles—Wing Design and Comprehensive Evaluation of Force Sensing Capabilities
Authors: Sato Hidaka , Afakh Muhammad Labiyb , Takesue Naoyuki
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes a force-sensing wing, Senswing, to enhance the intelligence of flapping-wing aerial vehicles (FWAVs). Force perception is a crucial capability for robots to interact safely and effectively in unknown environments. However, FWAVs perform flapping motions with significant acceleration and deceleration, which can cause the flexure element inside force sensors to deteriorate due to repeated loading or even fail due to impulsive forces. To address this, we constructed a force measurement system by attaching 16 strain gauges directly to the wing root while maintaining high rigidity. We confirmed that the external force measurement capability closely matched the values obtained by a six-axis force sensor, with almost no error. Additionally, when measuring aerodynamic forces during wing flapping, the sensor could detect differences in wind speed even during flapping. With this sensor, FWAVs can achieve in-flight measurement of thrust and lift through a force-sensing system.
Proposal for Cane Tip Position to Achieve Both High Stability and Low Joint Torque Using Inverse Dynamics Analysis in T-Cane Gait
Authors: Matsunaga Natsuki , Kurike Yuki , Kanada Ayato , Yamamura Yasuhiro , Honda Koki , Yamamoto Motoji , Nakashima Yasutaka
Published: October 2024

T-cane is a primary method used to prevent falls. Although canes effectively increase stability and reduce load, the specific position of the cane tip that maximizes these effects is not yet clear. Furthermore, the cane tip position that enhances effectiveness may also increase the burden on the user. In this study, we used the center of pressure (CoP) as an indicator of stability and shoulder joint adduction torque as an indicator of burden. In this study, we propose a cane tip position that increases the stability of the cane user, but does not increase the burden, through experiment. The experiment involved healthy young male participants. The results confirmed that the CoP increased with the cane tip position. The shoulder joint adduction torque increased with the cane tip position and then remained constant. The results suggest that the participants can walk with higher stability per load when the cane tip was positioned 30 cm in front of the right foot on the ground.
Development of Self-Powered Prosthetic Finger with Pneumatic Passive Joints for Distal Interphalangeal Joint Amputees
Authors: Nishikawa Kotaro , Hirata Kentaro , Takaiwa Masahiro
Published: October 2024

Myoelectric prosthetic hands and fingers with grasping functions have challenges such as weight, cost, and grasping performance of flexible objects owing to the use of electric actuators. To resolve these problems, we propose a self-powered movable prosthetic finger using pneumatic pressure. This prosthetic finger utilizes the flexion/extension of the remaining finger of the user to drive a wire and flex or extend the finger joints. The use of a tendon (wire) and belt drives reduces the space occupied by the prosthetic finger unit compared with conventional linked prosthetic fingers. Furthermore, a sealed-air bellows is used for the joint for flexible grasping owing to passive variable-compliance and damping, which is impossible with only a tendon drive. These features have resulted in the stable grasping of various objects that are difficult to grasp using prosthetic fingers based on conventional technologies.
Basic Analysis for Evaluation of Tennis Volley Skill Using Body Propagated Vibration Sensing
Authors: Ikeda Atsutoshi , Mori Katsuya
Published: October 2024

In sports that use tools, it is necessary to master tool manipulation with a high degree of accuracy because proficiency in tool manipulation leads to victory or defeat in a competition. The purpose of this study was to clarify the force transfer of the body, including the racket, from the perspective of vibration analysis to realize training to efficiently improve tennis skills. In this study, we measured the propagating vibration, surface electromyography of finger flexors and extensors, and racket movement under two conditions of strong- and weak-volleying in tennis and aimed to explain the meaning of the measured propagating vibration in terms of muscle control and racket kinematics. Based on the experimental results, it was confirmed that it is feasible to measure the change in stiffness from the racket to the wrist due to the muscle co-contraction owing to the propagating vibration signal intensity. These results indicate the possibility of evaluating tennis shot skill by analyzing the propagating vibrations measured using a wearable vibration measurement system.
3D Motion Analysis of Alpine Skiing on Steep Slope Gate in Men’s Giant Slalom
Authors: Yoshida Yohei , Yuki Masahiro
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the elite skiers and the techniques required to improve their performance in the men’s giant slalom alpine skiing competition by conducting a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis. The top nine skiers were compared with the next nine skiers using 3D motion analysis in a single-gate section with an average slope of 25.6°. The results revealed the following characteristics of superior skiing techniques. (1) The skiers started the turn from a high position relative to the gate and obtained high velocity by skiing in a gentle arc using potential energy. (2) By quickly rotating and edging the skis, the skiers were able to gain centripetal force early, enter the gate, ski in the direction of the fall line, and change skiing direction timely. (3) The skiers had quick inward leaning of the body and early lowering of the pelvis on the outside ski to form an angulation posture to resist the large external forces acting on the body during the turn.
Design of an Optimal Allocator for Power Consumption Minimization in Hexarotor Drone Control Systems
Authors: Kawaguchi Natsuki , Maruyama Haruka
Published: October 2024

This paper presents an allocator design that considers the power consumption of rotors in the attitude and altitude control system of a hexarotor drone. Based on the power consumption model, the proposed method computes the thrust force that minimizes the total power consumption of the rotor while satisfying the control force constraints required by the controller. To obtain the rotor power consumption model, we conducted experiments on the rotor characteristics using the motors and electronic speed controllers used in the drones. Finally, numerical simulations were performed using the obtained power consumption models to compare the rotor power consumption of the proposed method with that of the conventional method, quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Flexible Path Planning for Multi-Agent Field Observation
Authors: Kobayashi Takuya , Kawamura Takashi
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes a flexible path-planning method for conducting agricultural observation tasks using multiple autonomous guided vehicles. The observation task was formulated as the rural postman problem by graphing the agricultural field to be observed and assigning costs to mandatory and optional paths. The observation area was re-divided according to the progress of each robot’s work, and the latest path was planned to minimize the difference between the working time of individual robots, thereby reducing the overall working time. Simulations were conducted to verify the influence of the parameters used in the proposed method. The effect of workload adjustment on progress delay was verified, and the increase in overall working time owing to delay was reduced by an average of 32.9%. A performance comparison was conducted using Google OR-Tools, software specialized for combinatorial optimization. Superior solutions with shorter computation times were obtained using the proposed method.
Development of 3-USR Type Spatial 6-DOF Parallel Mechanism with Large Workspace—Proposal of 3-USR Mechanism and Design of Spherical 5-Link Mechanism to Replace Active Universal Pairs (U)—
Authors: Ishihara Hayato , Kikuchi Takumu , Higuchi Masaru , Nakazato Yuichi , Takita Kensuke
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present a 3-USR-type 6-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) parallel mechanism characterized by an expansive workspace. This mechanism consists of three coupling chains, each comprising a universal pair (U), a spherical pair (S), and a rotational pair (R), in sequence from the stationary base. To achieve a large workspace, the three stationary universal pairs are designated as active pairs, with their rotational axes intersecting at a single point, thereby creating a hemispherical workspace akin to that of a serial mechanism. To implement the active universal pair within a parallel mechanism, we replaced the spherical 5-link mechanism, which originally featured two stationary active rotational pairs, with stationary active universal pairs, and conducted an inverse kinematics analysis. Subsequently, we assessed the expansive workspace of the spherical 5-link mechanism, a key factor influencing the working area of the 3-USR-type 6-DOF parallel mechanism, by examining its motion transmissibility. Based on this evaluation, we designed two compact mechanisms that provide a large workspace and allow for the configuration of all three rotational axes to intersect at a single point. We experimentally investigated the relationship between motion transmissibility and rigidity for these two types of spherical 5-link mechanisms, demonstrating that motion transmissibility can serve as an indicator of rigidity. Finally, a prototype of the 3-USR mechanism was fabricated.
Meta-Analytic Reliability Generalization Study of Perceived Stress Scale In Türkiye Sample
Authors: Doğan Ömer , Gelbal Selahattin
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to examine the meta-analytic reliability generalization of the 14, 10, and 8-item forms of the Perceived Stress Scale, developed by Cohen et al. in 1983, for theses produced in Turkey. For this purpose, how different moderator variables affect the reliability coefficients and publication bias were also examined 81 Cronbach Alpha coefficients from 78 studies selected in accordance with the established criteria were included in the meta-analysis. Reliability generalization was used in the analysis of the data. Analyzes were made with the random effects model using the coefficient values converted from the Bonett method. In the study, the effect size value was found to be .82 (95% CI: .80, .83), and it was concluded that the sample type (α= .81) and the study area (α= .81) moderator variables had a statistically significant effect on the reliability estimation in terms of heterogeneity of effect sizes. This revealed that these two moderator variables affected the estimations of the reliability coefficients. In addition, it has been observed that other moderator variables such as age, gender, and the number of items in the scale are not sources of heterogeneity and have no effect on reliability estimation. From this, it was deduced that the scale works well enough to generalize to different situations with different item numbers. Finally, according to the results of the analysis for the determination of publication bias, it was seen that there was no publication bias in the study.
Water quality assessment using A Novel Iraqi water quality index for Euphrates River between Karbala and Babylon provinces as a case study
Authors: Khlaif Baraa Majid , AL-Hassany Jinan S
Published: October 2024

تواجه أجزاء كثيرة من العالم مشاكل ندرة المياه بسبب محدودية الموارد المائية تزامنا مع تزايد عدد السكان. الأنهار هي أنظمة حيوية للمياه العذبة والتي تعتبر بالغة الأهمية لاستمرار الحياة. يتناول هذا العمل مراقبة وتقييم نوعية مياه نهر الفرات بين محافظتي كربلاء وبابل لعشرة مواقع بالقرب من تصريف المنشآت الصناعية وتصريف الأراضي الزراعية ومياه الصرف الصحي ومرافق اخرى ، وتم أخذ العينات شهرياً ومن ثم تحويل النتائج إلى موسمين (جاف – رطب). تم إجراء العديد من التحاليل الفيزيائية والكيميائية والميكروبية بناءً على الطرق القياسية. تم قياس المعلمات التالية (الدالة الحامضية, المتطلب البايلوجي للاوكسجين, الأوكسجين المذاب, درجة حرارة الماء,القولونيات الكلية, العسرة الكلية, الكبريتات, النترات, الكلورايد, الصوديوم, الفوسفات, كاربونات الصوديوم المتبقية, نسبة امتزاز الصوديوم, نسبة الصوديوم المذابة, خطورة المغنيسيوم, البورون, النتريت والمغنيسيوم). وباستخدام مؤشر جودة المياه العراقي الجديد الذي يتناسب مع النظم المائية العراقية ويعكس الواقع البيئي للمياه العراقية، يتضمن مؤشر IWQI الجديد المكونات المذكورة أعلاه، وأظهرت النتائج أن نوعية مياه نهر الفرات في المواقع المدروسة تراوحت بين (رديئة - سيئة للغاية) بالنسبة للمياه العذبة أما بالنسبة لملائمة المياه للزراعة والحياة المائية والشرب فقد تراوحت بين (جيد – غير صالح) خلال المواسم الرطبة والجافة. وبناء على هذه النتائج نستنتج أن المنشآت الصناعية ومياه الصرف الصحي في المدن والمجتمعات الكثيفة التي تعيش على طول ضفة النهر تؤثر سلبا على نوعية مياه النهر.
Exploration of the separation mechanism of flurbiprofen and nimesulide utilizing RP-HPLC
Authors: A. Al-phalahy Bashaer , J. Mohammed Mustafa
Published: October 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إنشاء طريقة بسيطة لتقدير النيميسوليد والفلوربيبروفين في المستحضرات الصيدلانية. بالمقارنة مع الأساليب الأخرى، ولا سيما الطيفية، توفر كروموتوغرافيا السائل عالي الأداء ذوالطور العكسي (RP - HPLC) حساسية ودقة أكبر . التحقق من تركيز الوقاء المثالي، مستوى الحموضة ((pH، ومحتوى الأسيتونيتريل كان جزءًا من تحسين وتطوير تقنية RP-HPLC لتأكيد فصل وتقدير الدوائين المضادين للالتهابات غير ستيرويدية تقديرا كميا. حٌقق الفصل من خلال استخدام كروموتوغرافيا السائل عالي الاداء ذو الطور المعكوس مع كاشف الاشعه فوق البنفسجية والعمود المستخدم كان من نوع C8 Hyper Clone BDS ذو الابعاد((250×4.6mm,160Aᵒ,5.تم استخدام مزيج من الاسيتونيتريل ووقاء اسيتات كطور متحرك عند طول موجه مكشاف254 نانومتر وبمعدل جريان 1 مل/دقيقة.  وقد بينت النتائج ملائمه الطريقه المقترحة لتقدير  الدوائين المضادين للالتهابات غير ستيرويدية في المستحضرات الدوائية.
Comparative Study of Chemical and Green Preparation of Mesoporous Silica
Authors: K. Dawood Sara , H. Kareem Sameer
Published: October 2024

يتضمن البحث الحالي دراسة مقارنة لتحضير السيليكا مسامية باستخدام طريقتين مختلفتين: الطريقة الكيميائية والطريقة الخضراء. تم استخدام طريقة sol-gel باستخدام سيليكات الصوديوم (الماء الزجاجي) كمصدر رخيص للسيليكا والمواد الخافضة للتوتر السطحي الكاتيونية في الطريقة الكيميائية، ومستخلص أوراق شجرة السدر بالطريقة الخضراء كقالب ناعم، وتمت مقارنة السيليكا المتوسطة المسام المحضرة باستخدام الطريقتين من خلال توصيفها باستخدام طرق مختلفة: قياس مساحة السطح بطريقة BET والمسامية بواسطة BJH، XRD، SAXRD، AFM، SEM و EDX أظهرت النتائج أن السيليكا المحضرة بالطريقة الخضراء حصلت على أفضل مساحة سطحية مسجلة 800 م2جرام-1 ومتوسط   قطر مسام يساوي 2.5 نانومتر، بينما أظهرت قياسات حيود الأشعة السينية أن كلا الطريقتين أنتجتا سيليكا غير بلورية (غيرمتبلورة)، بينما أظهرت طريقة  SAXRD  أن الطريقة الخضراء أنتجت سيليكا أكثر انتظاما، وأظهرت دراسة الامتزاز أن السيليكا المحضرة كيميائيا لديها قدرة أعلى على امتزاز الأملوديبين وفقا لمعايير فروندليتش التي تم الحصول عليها عن طريق التركيب الخطي.
Modules Whose St-Closed Submodules are Fully Invariant
Authors: Abbas Maysaa Riadh , Ahmed Muna Abbas
Published: October 2024

في المقاس الثنائي يكون كل مقاس جزئي فيه ثابت تماماً. هذا البحث يتناول دراسة المقاس الذي كل مقاس مغلق من النمط Stc- فيه يكون ثابت تماماً، ويسمى هذا المقاس بالمقاس الثنائي من النمط Stc-. ان المقاس الثنائي من النمط Stc- يحوي المقاس الثنائي بشكل فعلي فضلاً عن المقاس الثنائي من النمط CL- الذي قُدم من قبل منى عباس احمد. ان سلوك هذا النوع من المقاسات سيتم دراستهُ بشكل مفصل مع اعطاء تشخيصاً اخر له. كما ان العلاقة بين المقاس الثنائي من النمط Stc- بالمقاسات الثنائية من الانماط P, CL, weak قد دُرست بالتفصيل.
Catalytic Innovation for Renewable Energy: TiO2-Supported Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Catalyst for Eco-Friendly Biodiesel Synthesis
Authors: Sisca Vivi , Syukri  , Zilfa  , Jamarun Novesar , Tanjung Denny Akbar , Ritonga Ahmad Hafizullah , Annas Dicky , Khoiriah Khoiriah , Hariani Poedji Loekitowati
Published: October 2024

إن الوقود الحيوي المنتج من خلال تفاعلات الاسترة مع محفزات قاعدية متجانسة وغير متجانسة هو مصدر طاقة بديل واعد. تستخدم هذه الدراسة كربونات الكالسيوم المترسبة (PCC) المخصبة بثاني أكسيد التيتانيوم لإنتاج الوقود الحيوي من زيت نباتي مستعمل. تم التعرف على المحفز المصنّع بشكل شامل من خلال تحليلات XRD وXRF وSEM وBET وFT-IR ثم تم تطبيقه في تفاعل الاسترة. أظهرت النتائج أن PCC المخصب بثاني أكسيد التيتانيوم هو محفز فعال، ينتج الوقود الحيوي بكفاءة 95.09٪ في ظل الظروف المثلى: محفز 5٪ بالوزن، ونسبة الميثانول إلى الزيت 6: 1، ودرجة حرارة التفاعل 65 درجة مئوية، ووقت التفاعل 4 ساعات. أدى تحسين الخصائص الحفزية، وزيادة مساحة السطح، وتعزيز المواقع الأساسية إلى تحسين إنتاج الوقود الحيوي بشكل كبير.
Serological detection of Toxoplasma gondii in local duck birds, and Gallus gallus in Basrah Province, Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Abdulzahra Ameer , Saood Alaa , Talib Farhood Afaq
Published: October 2024

تنتشر المقوسة الكوندية على نطاق واسع في البشر والحيوانات الأخرى، بما في ذلك الدواجن، في جميع أنحاء العالم وتعتمد على مجموعة فريدة من العضيات الإفرازية والهيكلية الخلوية لغزو الخلايا المضيفة. يتم استهلاك لحوم الدواجن المصابة بالمقوسة الكوندية والتي تشمل الدجاج والبط على نطاق واسع في معظم البلدان وهي معروفة كمصدر رئيسي للعدوى البشرية. في العراق بشكل عام وفي محافظة البصرة على وجه الخصوص، نادرًا ما يُعرف عن انتشار المقوسة الكوندية في البط والدجاج المحلي. في الدراسة الحالية، تم استخدام اختبار تلازن اللاتكس (LAT) ومجموعة الاختبار السريع للاجسم المضادة IgM/IgG لفحص الأجسام المضادة لطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية في 40 طائر من البط محلي و 62 دجاج محلي من مناطق مختلفة في محافظة البصرة. تم العثور على الأجسام المضادة لـلطفيلي (LAT) في 14 (35٪) من 40 طائر بط محلي ، و 23 (37.09٪) من 62 من الدجاج المحلي. بينما تم الكشف عن الأجسام المضادة للطفيلي (الاختبار السريع) في 10 (25٪) من 40 طائر بط محلي و 17 (27.41٪) من 62 من الدجاج المحلي. أظهرت النتائج أن التربة ملوثة بالكيسات البيضية للطفيلي التي تمثل مصدراً غذائياً للدجاج والبط المحلي نظرا لتغذية الطيور على الأرض. وتشير الدراسة إلى أن لحوم الدواجن قد تكون مصدراً مهماً للعدوى البشرية بالطفيلي في العراق. تعتبر هذه الدراسة هي الدراسة الأولى في محافظة البصرة للكشف عن داء المقوسات في الدجاج والبط المحلي.
Preparation and characterization and biological activity of new complexes for some transition elements with Schiff bases derived from one antipyrine substitute
Authors: U. Jasim Zeena , M. Ali Amal , A. Mohammed Heba , A. Mohammed Maher
Published: October 2024

حضرت مجموعة من المعقدات ذات الصيغة [M (L)Cl2] حيث     M= Co+2,Ni+2,Cu+2,Zn+2, Cd+2
 L= (Z)-4-((1-(H-indol-3-yl)ethylidene)amino)1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one.
من ليكاند قاعدة شيف مشتق من المركب 4-امينو انتبيرين مع 3-استايل اندول كما تم تشخيص الليكاند والمعقدات المحضرة بالتحليل الدقيق للعناصر واطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء وطيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي وقياسات الحساسية المغناطيسية وتحليل المحتوى الفلزي بطريقة الامتصاص الذري فضلا عن دراسة الفعالية البايولوجية للمركبات المحضرة. اثبتت القياسات المستخدمة ان الليكاند المحضر يتناسق مع ايون الفلز المركزي من خلال  ذرة اوكسجين مجموعة الكاربونيل وذرة نتروجين مجموعة الازوميثين ويتخذ معقد النيكل المحضر الشكل الفراغي مربع مستوي اما بقية المعقدات فتتخذ الشكل الفراغي رباعي السطوح ،كما تبين ان المعقدات المحضرة غير موصلة الكتروليتيا واثبتت المركبات المحضرة فعالية عالية كمضاد بكتريا لبعض أنواع بكتريا كرام الموجبة والسالبة.
تعليم اللغة العربية: المشكلات وحلولها
Authors: Aziz Mohamad Sulthon
Published: October 2024

ملخص البحث: يواجه تعليم اللغة العربية في إندونيسيا العديد من العقبات التي يواجهها المعلمون والطلاب. يهدف هذا المقال إلى التعرف على أهم المشكلات التي غالبا ما تنشأ في تعلم اللغة العربية في المدارس، وخاصة في المؤسسات التعليمية الإسلامية. يستخدم أسلوب البحث هذا المنهج الوصفي النوعي مع تقنيات جمع البيانات في شكل الملاحظة والمقابلات والاستبيانات. تظهر نتائج البحث أن أكبر العقبات في تعلم اللغة العربية هي قلة اهتمام الطلاب، ومحدودية المواد التعليمية ذات الصلة، ونقص كفاءة المعلم في تدريس أساليب الاتصال النشط، ودمج التكنولوجيا في التعلم. كما يقدم هذا البحث العديد من الحلول الموصى بها، بما في ذلك زيادة كفاءة المعلمين من خلال التدريب، واستخدام التكنولوجيا في التعلم، وزيادة تحفيز الطلاب من خلال الأساليب السياقية والتفاعلية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: تعليم اللغة العربية، المشكلات، والحلول، طرق التعليم، التربية الإسلامية.
 
Abstract: Learning Arabic in Indonesia has various obstacles faced by teachers and students. This article aims to identify the main problems that often arise in learning Arabic in schools, especially in Islamic educational institutions. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and questionnaires. The research results show that the biggest obstacles in learning Arabic are the lack of student interest, limited relevant teaching materials, and the lack of teacher competence in teaching active communication methods. This research also provides several recommended solutions, including increasing teacher competency through training, using technology in learning, and increasing student motivation through contextual and interactive approaches.
Keywords: Arabic Language Learning, Problems, Solutions, Learning Methods, Islamic Education
 
Abstrak: Pembelajaran bahasa Arab di Indonesia memiliki berbagai kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru dan siswa. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah utama yang sering muncul dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di sekolah-sekolah, khususnya di lembaga pendidikan Islam. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendala terbesar dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab adalah kurangnya minat siswa, keterbatasan materi ajar yang relevan, serta kurangnya kompetensi guru dalam mengajarkan metode komunikasi aktif. Penelitian ini juga memberikan beberapa rekomendasi solusi, antara lain peningkatan kompetensi guru melalui pelatihan, penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran, serta peningkatan motivasi siswa melalui pendekatan kontekstual dan interaktif.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, Problematika, Solusi, Metode Pembelajaran, Pendidikan Islam
Examining the use of bilingual accommodations in digital math assessments: User perceptions
Authors: Lopez Alexis A.
Published: October 2024

Digital math assessments with bilingual accommodations allow multilingual learners to use their entire linguistic repertoire to showcase their knowledge and skills. The bilingual accommodations, which include tools like language translation and audio prompts in both English and Spanish, are designed to be adaptable, giving multilingual learners the freedom to view or listen to the items in either language and to write or say their responses in either language or a combination of both. This study examined how 56 middle school emergent bilingual learners used these bilingual accommodations and explored the perceptions of teachers and students regarding these accommodations. This study provides evidence regarding using bilingual accommodation in math assessments for middle school emergent multilingual learners. The results showed how students used their full linguistic repertoire and language modalities to showcase their math knowledge and skills. Both teachers and students reported having positive perceptions of the bilingual accommodations, reinforcing its responsiveness to different learners’ needs and preferences.
Resensi Buku: Inses, Seksualitas, dan Teologi: Menuju Teologi Tubuh Menurut Perspektif Teologi Feminis Lintas Agama di Indonesia
Authors: Kristianto Paulus Eko
Published: October 2024

Buku ini lahir dari tesis yang penulis, Obertina Modesta Johanis, pendeta Gereja Kristen Pasundan, pertahankan di Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Theologi (STFT) Jakarta. Buku ini dimaksudkan mengarah pada upaya untuk merespons realita inses secara teologis. Pertanyaan utamanya yaitu sejauh mana teologi tubuh dengan perspektif teologi feminis lintas agama dapat menjadi sumbangan dalam usaha penghapusan tindak kekerasan seksual (inses) terhadap (anak) perempuan, khususnya di Indonesia? (Johanis 2022, 5) Pertanyaan itu coba dijawab melalui bangunan teologi imajinatif yang dapat menolong (anak) perempuan korban atau penyintas inses yang mengklaim tubuhnya kembali dan mengalami pembebasan (Johanis 2022, 5).
Perempuan dalam Lingkaran Terorisme: Agen Kekerasan atau Agen Perdamaian?
Authors: Rajagukguk Irene
Published: October 2024

AbstractWomen have a lot of potential within them both strategically in acts of violence or in peace movements. Life as a human being who has always been subordinated to men from time to time has become a characteristic of women's life in living a life of religion, living in culture and customs, and living as a human being who can give birth to a new human being from his womb. However, all of these aspects actually legitimize and place the position of women as weak persons so that their lives must be managed as a whole. The emergence of women as agents of violence in acts of terrorism has become a sharp focus of society. Then the question arises, what is the problem if women become agents of violence? So far, women's experiences related to conflict resolution and post-conflict reconciliation have received less attention. Whereas women have a unique potential in maintaining and creating peace. This potential can only be owned by women who have awakened in a critical and positive awareness. The role of female characters in the Bible can be a source of inspiration for women to become agents of peace without fighting violence with violence. 
AbstrakPerempuan memiliki banyak potensi di dalam dirinya baik itu yang bersifat strategis baik dalam aksi kekerasan atau pun dalam gerakan perdamaian. Hidup sebagai manusia yang senantiasa dinomorduakan setelah kaum laki-laki dari masa ke masa menjadi ciri khas kehidupan kaum perempuan dalam menjalani hidup di dalam hidup beragama, hidup berbudaya dan adat istiadat, dan hidup sebagai insan yang dapat melahirkan manusia baru dari rahimnya. Namun, keseluruhan aspek tersebut justru melegitimasi dan menempatkan posisi perempuan sebagai oknum yang lemah sehingga hidupnya harus diatur secara keseluruhan. Tampilnya perempuan sebagai agen kekerasan dalam aksi terorisme menjadi sorotan tajam masyarakat. Lalu muncul pertanyaan, apa masalahnya apabila perempuan menjadi agen kekerasan? Selama ini pengalaman perempuan yang terkait dengan penyelesaian konflik maupun rekonsiliasi pasca konflik malah kurang mendapat banyak perhatian. Padahal perempuan memiliki potensi yang unik dalam memelihara dan menciptakan perdamaian. Potensi tersebut hanya dapat dimiliki oleh perempuan yang telah bangkit dalam kesadaran yang kritis dan positif. Peran tokoh perempuan dalam Alkitab dapat menjadi sumber inspirasi untuk perempuan dapat menjadi agen perdamaian tanpa melawan kekerasan dengan kekerasan.
Alternative Imaginaries of Cyprus: Space and Narrative Re/construction in Local Music Video Production
Authors: Constandinides Costas , Kouvarou Maria
Published: October 2024

The article offers a close reading of music videos created in the Republic of Cyprus during the past two decades, focusing specifically on the ways the audiovisual texts represent space and (re)construct narratives in/of the Greek Cypriot context. Building on existing work in the area of lens-based media studies, namely cinema and photography, the article firstly examines how music videos co-exist and converse with other types of audiovisual representations of the island of Cyprus. Secondly, it presents a classification of local music videos, based on how such creative outputs represent Cyprus as a locale. In doing so, it highlights the ways in which alternative visual treatments might, consciously or otherwise, speak back to and rewrite narratives associated with specific places. The videos are also examined in relation to the lyrical content of the songs and the music genres they belong to. Our work contributes to the expanding body of research on the popular music scape of the island, particularly concentrating on the transgressive dynamic of strands of the Greek Cypriot independent music scene. This is the first study that offers a close examination of local music video production, which we place in the growing scholarly debates about how recent artistic expression in the Republic of Cyprus destabilises dominant representations of space and identity and produces new aesthetics of the Cypriot experience.
The Beluga Triangle: Pour la suite du monde (1962), New Quebec Cinema, and the urban/rural dialectic
Authors: Kinik Anthony
Published: October 2024

One of the most celebrated documentaries to emerge from Quebec during the 1960s was Pierre Perrault and Michel Brault’s cinéma vécu classic Pour la suite du monde (1962). This intimate portrait of life on Île-aux-Coudres, an island in Eastern Quebec that sits in the Saint Lawrence River, is generally understood as a work of salvage ethnography. The filmmakers encouraged the island’s inhabitants to take up traditional practices that had long fallen by the wayside and had to be learned from the community’s elders: the hunt of the beluga whale. I’d like to reconsider this film as a work that is not only based on a dialectical tension between the city and the country, but also on tensions between three island formations: Île aux Coudres, Montreal, and New York City. The Montreal connection had to do with the project’s filmmakers and the studio that produced it, while New York came into play late in the film when a beluga whale was transferred to the New York Aquarium. Among other concerns, the foundational myths of all three islands are based on stories of First Contact between European settlers and Indigenous peoples, and, thus, this aspect of Perrault’s film is intensified if we take this approach.
State Forests’ “Spend the Night in the Forest” Program in the Context of Education for Responsible Tourism in Poland
Authors: Płoskonka Przemysław
Published: October 2024

The aim of the article is to present the key elements of the State Forests’ “Spend the Night in the Forest” program as well as the selected results of its evaluation in the view of education for responsible tourism. The article is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part, presents the assumptions of the idea of Leave No Trace outdoor ethics, which tally with the paradigm of education for responsible tourism. Its task is to develop the skills, knowledge and competences in the field of rational and responsible use of natural resources. At the same time, it lays the grounds for the “Spend the Night in the Forest” program. In the second, empirical part, the author presents selected results of the evaluation of the “Spend the Night in the Forest” program including demographic characteristics of its participants, their motivations, preferences regarding the choice of area, the way of organizing the camping, types of activities undertaken as well as assessment of the principles corresponding to the Leave No Trace idea. In addition, the article presents suggestions regarding the division of respondents into user groups. The cited results indicate that the respondents declared their willingness to take care of the forest as a common good and tried to educate and influence other tourists camping in a way inconsistent with the Leave No Trace principles. It can be concluded that the “Spend the Night in the Forest” program supports education for responsible tourism. By enabling the participants to experience nature in its natural state, it helps rebuild human relationship with nature. Moreover, the program serves the purpose of shaping public awareness that we all influence the environment and that we all are responsible for its current and future state.
Características estructurales y nivel de riesgo de arbolado en un parque periurbano
Authors: Hernández-López Pablo , Martínez-Trinidad Tomás , Mohedano Caballero Leopoldo , Hernández-de la Rosa Patricia , González Guillén Manuel de Jesús
Published: October 2024

El arbolado urbano puede representar un nivel de riesgo para la gente, infraestructura u objetos cercanos. Por ello, los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron analizar las características estructurales y evaluar el nivel de riesgo del arbolado del parque nacional Molino de Flores Netzahualcóyotl (PNMFN), así como comparar el desempeño de cinco métodos de evaluación del riesgo. Se establecieron 62 sitios de muestreo en 11 zonas de manejo del PNMFN. En cada sitio se evaluó el riesgo de todos los árboles mediante el método Matheny y Clark (M&C); posteriormente, se seleccionaron 50 árboles y se evaluó el riesgo mediante cuatro métodos adicionales: Pokorny, Montevideo, TRAQ y Threats. Se registraron 395 árboles, en el arbolado vivo se identificaron 13 condiciones que representan características asociadas al riesgo, la madera muerta fue la más frecuente. Del total de árboles evaluados, 50.4% representa un riesgo muy bajo, 4.6% riesgo alto y 0.3% riesgo muy alto. Los cinco métodos de evaluación mostraron diferencias significativas para la probabilidad de falla, impacto y consecuencias.  Los métodos formaron dos grupos: M&C, Pokorny y Montevideo generaron calificaciones de riesgo más altas lo que implica medidas de mitigación más drásticas. Threats y TRAQ conforman el segundo grupo. Threats puede llegar a subestimar el nivel de riesgo y generar calificaciones no adecuadas o confusas, mientras que TRAQ toma en cuenta un mayor número de características para evaluar el riesgo de múltiples objetivos. Se sugiere utilizar TRAQ para evaluar el nivel de riesgo del arbolado.
Determinants of bank profitability: An analysis using PMG estimation
Authors:   Department of Finance and Insurance, College of Business Administration, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, Twairesh Abdullah Ewayed , Bata Ismail Ibrahim ,   Entrepreneurship Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2024

This study offers a new way of analyzing the factors that influence bank profitability. It uses data from 2009 to 2021, covering eight banks, to examine the effects of liquidity, operational efficiency, credit risk, capital adequacy, and deposit ratio (LON). The results, calculated using the pool mean group (PMG) estimator's panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method, reveal important insights. Notably, bank profitability is significantly and negatively affected by the LON, capital adequacy (CAR), credit risk (CR), and operational efficiency (OE). Liquidity variables showed no effect on profitability. This approach adds valuable understanding to the existing research on internal factors affecting bank profitability and provides useful guidance for regulators and bank managers to improve profitability.