bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental training in psychological training of shooters
Authors: Shalar O. , Strykalenko Y. , Huzar V.
Published: October 2020

The goal was to study the psycho-emotional sphere and substantiate the methodology of mental training for shooters. Material and methods: the study involved 12 rifle and pistol shooters of the Kherson Higher School of Physical Education. Among them are athletes with qualifications of the second, first categories, candidates for Master of Sports and Master of Sports of Ukraine. The study continued during 2018-2019. In the course of the research, the method of mental training of shooters was introduced. The results proved that the means of mental training had a positive effect on the state of the nervous system of shooters. Sensory motor responses were superior in less experienced athletes. So, for shooters of the CCM level and below, the results are better than those of the masters of sports: 1) according to the tapping test for 0.75 ms, 2) according to the reaction to a light stimulus for 12.5 ms, c) according to the reaction to a sound stimulus to 55 5 ms. The degree of training according to the Schulte table was high among all shooters, but slightly higher among the masters of sports (by 0.05). A rather high indicator of emotional excitability was found in shooters of masters of sports. Among the representatives of this group were persons with different types of temperament. Basically, the sanguine type prevailed, based on a strong, balanced, mobile type of the nervous system. For the representatives of the second group, which included candidates for masters of sports and first-class athletes, this indicator was at an average level. In our opinion, this is due to the fact that the representatives of this group had persons with a predominantly phlegmatic type of temperament. Conclusions: mental training had a positive effect on the level of mental processes and emotional sphere of shooters. On the basis of the data obtained on the mental sphere of shooters, it was established that these indicators were at high and sufficient levels.
TERS YÜZ EDİLMİŞ SINIF ÖĞRETİM MODELİ VE COĞRAFYA DERSLERİNDE UYGULANABİLİRLİĞİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ASLAN Abdullah
Published: October 2020

Ters Yüz Edilmiş Sınıf (Flipped Classroom) Öğretim Modeli son yıllarda dünyada yaygın hale gelmiştir. Bu model, geleneksel ders anlatımının bir elemanı olan bilgi aktarımını dijital araçlar kullanarak sınıf dışına taşımak ve aktif öğrenmeyi sağlamak amacıyla bir dizi interaktif etkinlikle yer değiştirmeyi esas alan bir temele sahiptir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Ters Yüz Edilmiş Sınıf Öğretim Modelinin temel özelliklerini incelemek ve lise coğrafya derslerinde uygulanabilirliğini değerlendirmektir. Bu kapsamda literatürde modele ilişkin çeşitli araştırmalar doküman incelemesi yoluyla incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya konu olan tüm çalışmalarda Ters Yüz Edilmiş Sınıf Öğretim Modelinin öğrencilerin derse katılımını olumlu yönde etkilediği ve bu nedenle lise coğrafya derslerinin amaç ve gereksinimlerine de uygun bir yapıya sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu bulgulara dayalı olarak modelin lise coğrafya derslerinde etkin kullanımına yönelik çeşitli önerilere de yer verilmiştir.
Simulation of the kinetics of direct coal hydrogenation
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan, Balpanova N.Zh. , Gyulmaliev A.M. ,   Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Мoscow, Russia, Pankin Yu.N. ,   «Kazakhtelekom» , Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Ma F. ,   Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China, Su K. ,   Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China, Khalitova A.I. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan, Aitbekova D.E. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan, Tusipkhan A. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan, Baikenov M.I. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Published: October 2020

The kinetics of coal hydrogenation from the Shenghua deposit (People's Republic of China) has been studied. To calculate the kinetic parameters, experimental data on the hydrogenation of coal from the Shenghua field have been used. The hydrogenation process was carried out at a pressure of 5 MPa, at temperatures from 350 to 440 0C using a batch reactor. Tetrahydronaphthalene was used as a solvent and donor in the process of coal hydrogenation. The rate constants were calculated using the random search optimization method and the integral Simpson method. It was found that the previously calculated rate constants of the hydrogenation of Shenghua coal (Runge-Kutt method) differ from our data by one order of magnitude. It is supposed that our calculated values of the rate constants are more reliable and adequate than those obtained by the Runge-Kutt method. The limiting rate of coal hydrogenation is observed for the stage of coal conversion into a mixture of gas and oil.
Essential oil of Pulicaria vulgaris (prostrata) and its biological activity
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhanzhaxina A.Sh. , Suleimen Ye.M. ,   Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University,   Republican collection of microorganisms, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Ishmuratova M.Yu. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Iskakova Zh.B. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Seilkhanov T.M. ,   Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University, Birimzhanova D.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Suleimen R.N. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2020

The investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the essential oil of Pulicaria vulgaris wild growing in Akmola region, Kazakhstan was the aim of the study. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 49 compounds were identified representing 86.4 % and the major components were patchoulane (37.4), buddledin C (13.9%), T-cadinol (4.7%), trans-sesquisabinene hydrate (4.1%), dyhydro--agarofuran (2.7%), (Z)-α-atlantone (1.8%) and corymbolone (1.2%). Six components were identified as unknown (2.6%). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and the essential oil demonstrated an average scavenging effect at 0.75 and 1 mg ml-1 concentrations compared with butylhydroxyanisole (BHA). The antiradical activity results of the P. vulgaris essential oil is published for the first time. Cytotoxic activity assay was studied against Artemia salina larvae and it can be concluded that the essential oil has a good lethal toxicity in all tested concentrations (10-1 mg ml-1). The authors attribute this result to the presence of the patchoulane as a major component, which is known for its activity against ovarian cancer cells.
Development and validation of stability indicating HPTLC method for estimation of pirfenidone and characterization of degradation product by using mass spectroscopy
Authors:   Department of Quality Assurance, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Bhole R. P. , Jagtap S.R. ,   Department of Quality Assurance, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Bonde C.G. ,   SVKM’s, NMIMS School of Pharmacy, Shirpur, Dist: Dhule, India, Zambare Y.B. ,   Department of Quality Assurance, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: October 2020

Pirfenidone is used as a novel antifibrotic agent approved for mild-to-moderate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. An extensive literature search revealed that, method validation by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and structural determination by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method was not reported till date. Precoated silica gels plates were used as a stationary phase. Methanol: ethyl acetate: toluene (1:2:7 v/v) was delivered best separation at 315 nm (Rf 0.49±0.03) by densitometry analysis. Degradation analysis was performed as per ICH guidelines Q2 (R1). Isolation of degradation product was done by the HPTLC method and characterized by using MS/MS method. All the validation parameters were found within the range. Moreover, its possible degradation pathway was also proposed. The Proposed developed and validated HPTLC method was found to be more sensitive, simple, precise, accurate, cost-effective and robust. This method could be applied for the analysis of bulk drug and tablet formulation, degradation study. This degradation pathway of the drug will further help to identify the degradation products of Pirfenidone which may be used for the impurity profiling of the drug.
Spectral study of thione-thiol tautomerization of thiourea in aqueous alcohol solution
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Russia, Kalichkina L.E. , Bakibaev A.A. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Russia, Malkov V.S. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Russia
Published: October 2020

In this work we studied the equilibrium of thione–thiol tautomerization by Raman and UV spectroscopies. This type of tautomerization influences on the course and direction of the reaction between thiourea and other organic compounds. The studies were carried out in water and aqueous alcohol medium. Мethanol, ethanol, propanol-1 and propanol-2 were used as alcohols. Hydrochloric acid was used to protonate thiourea in water and aqueous alcoholic solutions. UV spectroscopy made it possible to establish the tautomer ratio in water and aqueous alcohol solutions as the ratio of the intensities of absorption bands at 236 and 200 nm. There is an increase in the content of the thiol form and a decrease of the thione form observed in the row water-methanol-ethanol-propanol-isopropyl alcohol. The addition of hydrochloric acid to the thiourea water or aqueous alcohol solutions leads to the increase of the thione form and to the decrease of the thiol form in the composition. The thione form of thiourea can be determine by Raman spectra of –C=S group. The thiol form of thiourea is difficult to detect by Raman spectroscopy due to the overlap of the –S–H bond absorption band with alcohols absorption bands.
Effect of the hydrochloric acid concentration on the surface-active and functional characteristics of linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid
Authors:   Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Branch of RAS, Perm, Russia, Zabolotnykh S.A. , Shcherban M.G. ,   Perm State National Research University, Russia, Solovyev A.D. ,   Perm State National Research University, Russia
Published: October 2020

The surface-active (surface tension, adsorption, molecule cross-sectional area in the adsorption monomolecular layer) and colloidal (viscosity, critical micelle concentration, solubilization) properties in aqueous and hydrochloric acid solutions of anionic surfactant alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (ABSA) were studied. Surface activity of ABSA increases in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Two inflections were established on adsorption isotherms with inorganic acid content of 5 and 10 wt. %, which are indicative of stepwise micelle formation. The ABSA dissociation is suppressed in the presence of hydrochloric acid, and therefore it behaves as a nonionic surfactant, forming micelles at lower concentrations. Mixed micelles, formed by dissociated and non-dissociated surfactant particles, are organized with an increase of ABSA content in mixture. The value of the surfactant limiting adsorption increases significantly at small hydrochloric acid amounts in comparison with an aqueous solution. The formed monomolecular layer is denser in the presence of inorganic acid than in an aqueous solution. The solubilization of Sudan I dye in alkylbenzenesulfonic acid increases with increasing in solution acidity. The extremum points on isotherms of solubilizing ability with 5 and 10 wt. % HCl content are observed at surfactant concentrations corresponding to the beginning and end of the formation of micelles containing alkylbenzenesulfonate ion.
Uso da escala de dor da Universidade de Melbourne na avaliação de dois protocolos de analgesia pós-cirúrgica em cadelas submetidas à mastectomia
Authors: Mariussi Mariussi , Rorig Maria Cecília de Lima , Borges Marcelo Paulino
Published: October 2020

Breast tumors in dogs comprise about 52% of neoplasms in dogs. Complete surgical removal, called mastectomy, is considered the treatment of choice. Postoperative pain for this procedure can be classified as moderate to severe, therefore requiring treatment with drugs that minimize pain. Preemptive analgesia is a method that consists of administering medications before painful stimulus and, thus, has stood out among analgesic protocols. Scales capable of evaluating pain in animals arose in view of the difficulty in its recognition in Veterinary Medicine. The pain scale of the University of Melbourne (UMPS) consists of the assessment of specific physiological and behavioral parameters related to pain, increasing its sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two different preemptive analgesia protocols in controlling postoperative pain in dogs undergoing mastectomy, using UMPS. For this, the research included 16 female patients who were randomly divided into two groups (G1 and G2). The G1 group regarding the preemptive analgesia protocol with firocoxib associated with the transdermal fentanyl patch, was composed of 8 females. Thus, the remaining 8 females constituted the G2 group receiving preemptive analgesia with carprofen associated with transdermal fentanyl. In the postoperative period, patients were evaluated by applying the UMPS in 5 stages (T1, T2, T3, T12 and T24). The analgesic rescue was only carried out when the evaluation reached a score higher than 13. Therefore, among the 16 female dogs who participated in the research, 11 of them (68.75%) demonstrated adequate pain control, therefore, there was no need for rescue, 4 patients (25%) required analgesic rescue and 1 patient (6.25%) was disqualified from the research. However, it is concluded that the Pain Scale at the University of Melbourne is a good method for assessing the degree of pain in dogs and that transdermal fentanyl patch (Durogesic®) demonstrated good performance in pain control in association with both anti-inflammatory drugs , as long as it is in total adherence to the skin surface.
New Materialist Approaches to Fisheries
Authors: Drakopulos Lauren
Published: October 2020

For the past 40 years, bycatch has been a significant focus of fisheries science and management, yet bycatch has evaded clear definition persisting as a perennial fisheries concern. This article brings insights from new materialism to examine the ontological politics of bycatch. Building on new materialist approaches to oceans and fisheries, the article contributes to the bycatch debate by putting forth a new framework for understanding bycatch as multiple, enacted through the material-discursive practices of science and policy. Through a survey of policy and scientific documents, the article traces the emergence of “bycatch” as a global fisheries issue. The analysis broadens the orderings and normative understandings about human and nonhuman life inflected by post-humanist and new materialist traditions, as well as fisheries science and policy.
Green Out of the Blue, or How (Not) to Deal with Overfed Oceans
Authors: Levain Alix , Barthélémy Carole , Bourblanc Magalie , Douguet Jean-Marc , Euzen Agathe , Souchon Yves
Published: October 2020

Despite causing harmful impacts on coastal communities and biodiversity for a few decades, eutrophication of marine systems has only recently gained public visibility. Representing a major land-based pollution, eutrophication is now considered the most striking symptom of intractable disruption of biogeochemical nutrient cycles at a global scale. The objective of this article is to analyze multi-scale dynamics of the problematization and regulation of ocean overfertilization. To do so, we build on a comprehensive literature review of previously published works that address the sociopolitical dimension of eutrophication issues and whose visibility we analyze with a critical perspective. We identify three stages that characterize the social history of marine eutrophication and how it was handled by public authorities. Although social mobilizations focus on emblematic sites, conflicts directly related to eutrophication symptoms spread in diverse hydro-social configurations. We conclude with a typology of four configurations associated with enduring nutrient pollution: noisy, overwhelming, silenced, and disturbing eutrophication.
Mechanical thrombectomy and intravascular imaging for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a preclinical model
Authors: Pasarikovski Christopher R. , Ku Jerry C. , Keith Julia , Ramjist Joel , Dobashi Yuta , Priola Stefano M. , da Costa Leodante , Kumar Ashish , Yang Victor X. D.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Although the majority of patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) will improve with anticoagulation therapy, a portion of patients will either present in a comatose state or continue to deteriorate clinically despite early anticoagulation. In these cases, along with treating the underlying thrombophilia, timely thrombolysis may be beneficial. Repurposed arterial thrombectomy devices may not perform as expected in the cerebral venous sinus, and there are currently no preclinical endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) models for CVST. Contrary to arterial stroke research, preclinical models utilized to test various endovascular techniques and devices are lacking. The purpose of this research was to develop a reliable preclinical animal model for the testing of endovascular strategies to treat CVST.

METHODS

Five consecutive male Yorkshire swine weighing 45 kg were utilized. Thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus was induced with a bovine thrombin injection via a microcatheter under distal balloon occlusion for 15 minutes. Combined arterial injections and superselective sinus injections confirmed the extent of thrombosis. EVT was subsequently performed using a second-generation stent retriever, followed by intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to assess the luminal environment after thrombectomy.

RESULTS

Thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus, EVT, and subsequent OCT imaging were technically successful in 4 of the 5 swine. Recanalization of the sinus with a second-generation stent retriever was successful after one attempt in 3 of 4 swine (75%), and 1 swine required two attempts. OCT imaging after thrombectomy revealed regions of residual sinus luminal thrombus despite complete angiographic recanalization. Thrombosed bridging cortical veins were also observed before draining into the sinus, along with patent cortical veins.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors describe a preclinical model to assess endovascular techniques and devices for the treatment of CVST. Repurposed devices from arterial stroke may not perform as expected, given the unique features of venous sinus thrombosis. Residual bridging cortical vein thrombus and residual sinus thrombus, visualized on intravascular OCT, may be present despite complete sinus recanalization on angiography, and this may be the etiology of the poor clinical outcome despite technical success. In the setting of bridging cortical vein thrombus after successful sinus thrombectomy, direct chemical thrombolysis may be warranted to dissolve the remaining clot. This model may be helpful in developing and testing a new generation of devices designed specifically for CVST treatment.
What have we learned from 8 years of deep brain stimulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus? Experiences and insights of a single center
Authors: Kaufmann Elisabeth , Bötzel Kai , Vollmar Christian , Mehrkens Jan-Hinnerk , Noachtar Soheyl
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

In the absence of a standard or guideline for the treatment of epilepsy patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT), systematic single-center investigations are essential to establish effective approaches. Here, the authors report on the long-term results of one of the largest single-center ANT DBS cohorts.

METHODS

The outcome data of 23 consecutive patients with transventricularly implanted electrodes were retrospectively analyzed with regard to adverse events, lead placement, stimulation-related side effects, and changes in seizure frequency. Depression and quality-of-life scores were collected in a subgroup of 9 patients.

RESULTS

All but 2 patients initially underwent bilateral implantation, and 84.4% of all DBS leads were successfully located within the ANT. The mean follow-up time was 46.57 ± 23.20 months. A seizure reduction > 50% was documented in 73.9% of patients, and 34.6% achieved an Engel class I outcome. In 3 patients, clinical response was achieved by switching the electrode contact or changing from the monopolar to bipolar stimulation mode. Unilateral implantation seemed ineffective, whereas bilateral stimulation with successful ANT implantation only on one side led to a clinical response. Double stimulation with additional vagus nerve stimulation was safe. Changes in cycling mode or stimulation amplitude influenced therapy tolerability and, only to a lesser extent, seizure frequency. Side effects were rare and typically vanished by lowering the stimulation amplitude or changing the active electrode contact. Furthermore, depression and aspects of quality of life significantly improved with ANT DBS treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

The transventricular approach as well as double stimulation proved safe. The anteroventral ANT appeared to be the most efficacious stimulation site. This systematic investigation with reluctant medication changes allowed for the development of a better idea of the association between parameter changes and outcome in ANT DBS patients, but larger samples are still needed to assess the potential of bipolar stimulation and distinct cycling frequencies. Furthermore, more multifaceted and objective assessments of treatment outcome are needed to fully assess the effects of ANT DBS treatment.
Basal encephalocele: surgical strategy and functional outcomes in the Tokyo experience
Authors: Morota Nobuhito , Ihara Satoshi , Ogiwara Hideki , Usami Kenichi , Tamada Ikkei , Kaneko Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The basal encephalocele (BEC) is the rarest form of encephalocele, with an incidence of about 1/35,000 live births. The incidence of its subtype, sphenoidal BEC, is even lower at about 1/700,000 live births. The aim of this study was to propose the optimal surgical approach to repairing BEC, with special attention to the reconstruction of the skull base bone defect.

METHODS

Fourteen consecutive pediatric patients with BEC who underwent surgical repair between March 2004 and March 2020 (10 boys and 4 girls, age 25 days to 7 years, median age 4 months) were enrolled. The follow-up period of the surviving patients ranged from 53 to192 months (mean 119.8 months). The patient demographics, BEC subtypes, preoperative clinical condition, radiographic findings, surgical procedures, and postoperative course were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS

There were 4, 8, and 2 cases of sphenoidal BEC, sphenoethmoidal BEC, and ethmoidal BEC, respectively. The size of the bone defect was small in 3 patients, medium in 7, and large in 4 patients. All the patients with sphenoethmoidal and ethmoidal BEC showed associated congenital anomalies other than cleft palate. In total, 25 operations were performed. Two patients underwent multiple operations, whereas the remaining 9 patients received only 1 operation. The transoral transpalatal approach was the initial procedure used in all 14 patients. The transfrontobasal approach was applied as an additional procedure in 2 patients and as part of a 1-stage combined operation in 2 patients. Autograft bone alone was used for skull base reconstruction in 17 early operations. A titanium mesh/plate was used in the remaining 8 operations without any perioperative complications. All BECs were successfully repaired. Three patients died during the clinical course due to causes unrelated to their surgery. All but one of the surviving patients started growth hormone replacement therapy before school age.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the authors’ limited experience, the key to successful BEC repair involves circumferential dissection of the BEC and a firm reconstruction of the skull base bone defect with a titanium plate/mesh. The transoral transpalatal approach is a promising, reliable procedure that may be used in the initial operation. When a cleft palate is absent, transnasal endoscopic repair is recommended. The transfrontobasal approach should be reserved for cases with a huge BEC and other anomalies. Long-term prognosis is apparently favorable in survivors.
Assessing changes in cervical epidural pressure during biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy
Authors: Kang Taewook , Park Si Young , Lee Soon Hyuck , Park Jong Hoon , Suh Seung Woo
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Biportal endoscopic spinal surgery has been performed for several years, and its effectiveness is well known; however, no studies on its safety, specifically intracranial pressure, have been conducted to date. The authors sought to evaluate the effect of biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy on intracranial pressure by monitoring cervical epidural pressure (CEP) changes throughout the procedure.

METHODS

Twenty patients undergoing single-level biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy were enrolled in this study. CEPs were monitored throughout the procedure, consisting of phase 1, establishing the surgical portal and working space; phase 2, performing decompression and discectomy; and phase 3, turning off the fluid irrigation system. After discectomy was completed, the authors evaluated changes in CEP as the irrigation pressure increased serially by adding phase 4, increasing irrigation pressure with outflow open; and phase 5, increasing irrigation pressure with outflow closed.

RESULTS

The mean baseline CEP was measured as 16.65 mm Hg. In phase 1, the mean CEP was 17.3 mm Hg, which was not significantly different from the baseline CEP. In phase 2, the mean CEP abruptly increased up to 35.1 mm Hg when the epidural space was first connected with the working space, followed by stabilization of the CEP at 31.65 mm Hg. In phase 4, the CEP increased as the inflow pressure increased, showing a linear correlation, but not in phase 5. No patients experienced neurological complications.

CONCLUSIONS

It is important to ensure that irrigation fluid is not stagnant and is maintained continuously. More attention must be paid to keeping pressures low when opening the epidural space.
Ultra–high-molecular-weight polyethylene sublaminar tape as semirigid fixation or pedicle screw augmentation to prevent failure in long-segment spine surgery: an ex vivo biomechanical study
Authors: Doodkorte Remco J. P. , Belda Ricardo , Roth Alex K. , van Rietbergen Bert , Arts Jacobus J. , Lataster L. M. Arno , van Rhijn Lodewijk W. , Willems Paul C.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Complications after adult spinal deformity surgery are common, with implant-related complications occurring in up to 27.8% of cases. Sublaminar wire fixation strength is less affected by decreasing trabecular bone density in comparison to pedicle screw (PS) fixation due to the predominant cortical bone composition of the lamina. Sublaminar fixation may thus aid in decreasing implant-related complications. The goal of this study was to compare fixation characteristics of titanium sublaminar cables (SCs), ultra–high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tape, PSs, and PSs augmented with UHMWPE tape in an ex vivo flexion–bending setup.

METHODS

Thirty-six human cadaver vertebrae were stratified into 4 different fixation groups: UHMWPE sublaminar tape (ST), PS, metal SC, and PS augmented with ST (PS + ST). Individual vertebrae were embedded in resin, and a flexion–bending moment was applied that closely resembles the in vivo loading pattern at transitional levels of spinal instrumentation.

RESULTS

The failure strength of PS + ST (4522 ± 2314 N) was significantly higher compared to the SC (2931 ± 751 N) and PS (2678 ± 827 N) groups, which had p values of 0.028 and 0.015, respectively (all values expressed as the mean ± SD). Construct stiffness was significantly higher for the PS groups compared to the stand-alone sublaminar wiring groups (p = 0.020). In contrast to SC, ST did not show any case of cortical breach.

CONCLUSIONS

The higher failure strength of PS + ST compared to PS indicates that PS augmentation with ST may be an effective measure to reduce the incidence of screw pullout, even in osteoporotic vertebrae. Moreover, the lower stiffness of sublaminar fixation techniques and the absence of damage to the cortices in the ST group suggest that ST as a stand-alone fixation technique in adult spinal deformity surgery may also be clinically feasible and offer clinical benefits.
Systematic review of telemedicine in spine surgery
Authors: Kolcun John Paul G. , Ryu Won Hyung A. , Traynelis Vincent C.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The use of telemedicine (TM) has long been available, but recent restrictions to hospitals due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have accelerated the global implementation of TM. However, evidence on the effectiveness of this technology for the care of spine surgery patients is limited. In this systematic review the authors aimed to examine the current utilization of TM for spine surgery.

METHODS

Using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature focused on the themes of telemedicine and spine surgery. Included in the search were randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-controlled studies. Two independent reviewers conducted the study appraisal, data abstraction, and quality assessments of the studies.

RESULTS

Out of 1463 references from the initial search results, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of TM interventions focused on improving perioperative patient communication and patient education by using mobile phone apps, online surveys, or online materials for consent. The studies reported the feasibility of the use of TM for perioperative care and positive user experiences from the patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The current increase in TM adoption due to the COVID-19 crisis presents an opportunity to further develop and validate this technology. Early evidence in the literature supports the use of TM as an adjunct to traditional in-person clinical encounters for certain perioperative tasks such as supplemental patient education and postoperative surveys.
РОЗРАХУНОК СКЛАДІВ ПОРИЗОВАНИХ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ СУМІШЕЙ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПІНОГІПСУ
Authors: Ковалик І В , Безусяк О В , Мельник Д О
Published: October 2020

В статті приводяться дослідження по визначенню основних показників якості поризованої будівельної суміші (макроструктура, кратність та густина). Отримані теоретичні залежності та доказана їх адекватність. Наведено алгоритм проектування поризованої будівельної суміші на прикладі піногіпсу.
ОБСТЕЖЕННЯ ТЕХНІЧНОГО СТАНУ ГРЕБЛІ МИГІЇВСЬКОЇ ГЕС НА Р. ПІВДЕННИЙ БУГ
Authors: Рябенко О А , Сінічук С В , Алексієвець В І , Іванюк А М , Алексієвець І І
Published: October 2020

Наведені результати обстеження технічного стану греблі Мигіївської ГЕС на р. Південний Буг. Визначені дефекти і пошкодження, які виникли в процесі експлуатації та встановлені причини їх появи.
РЕАКЦІЙНО-ПОРОШКОВИЙ ФІБРОБЕТОН ІЗ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИМ ДИСПЕРСНИМ АРМУВАННЯМ
Authors: Бордюженко О М , Савицький В В , Гнатишин Б І , Виховський Д О
Published: October 2020

Наведено результати досліджень міцнісних властивостей реакційно-порошкових фібробетонів із композиційним дисперсним армуванням. Запропоновані оптимальні склади фібробетонів, що включають сталеві та базальтові дисперсні волокна.
ПІДБІР ПОЗДОВЖНЬОЇ РОЗТЯГНУТОЇ АРМАТУРИ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННОЇ БАЛКИ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ДІЙСНОЇ РОБОТИ БЕТОНУ І АРМАТУРИ
Authors: Янін О Є
Published: October 2020

У статті наведені результати теоретичних досліджень можливості підбору поздовжньої розтягнутої арматури залізобетонної балки без використання методу послідовних наближень. Запропоновано методику підбору за допомогою комп’ютерного середовища MathCAD.
МЕТОДИКА РОЗРАХУНКУ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ БАЛОК З ЗОВНІШНІМ ПІДСИЛЕННЯМ
Authors: Чеканович О М , Журахівський В П
Published: October 2020

Стаття присвячена методиці розрахунку напружено-деформованого стану залізобетонних балок, підсилених новою зовнішньою стрижнево-котковою системою, що дозволяє врахувати тертя системи підсилення, дійсні діаграми бетону і сталі, а також деформаційну модель роботи конструкції під навантаженням. У дослідженні пропонується методика розрахунку таких підсилених балок на прикладі балки БП-VI (без жорстких важелів). Для серії підсилених балок БП-VI розрахунковий згинальний момент склав 15,508 кНм, а відповідний експериментальний момент становив 15,523 кНм. Для даної серії балок розбіжність – незначна, що підтверджує адекватність прийнятої моделі розрахунку.
PHARMACOECONOMICAL ANALYSIS OF ANTI-PERIODONTOSIS DRUGS
Authors:   Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, LLP «Karaganda Pharmaceutical Plant», e-mail etolokonnikov@krgpharm.kz, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0098-6098, Tolokonnikov E.G. , Adekenova A.S. ,   LLP «Karaganda Pharmaceutical Plant, e-mail - adekenova@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 1886-5606, Maslova O.V. ,   JSC «International Research and Production Holding «Phytochemistry», e-mail - info@phyto.kz, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-0098
Published: October 2020

In this work, a retrospective analysis of anti-periodontosis drugs is carried out using the methods of pharmacoeconomic analysis: analysis of the "cost of disease" (direct costs), "cost-effectiveness" for promoting the original drug "Matripin-Dent" on the pharmaceutical market. In the clinic of the Dental Institute of Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov (Almaty), clinical trials of a new domestic phytopreparation “Dental gel Matripin-Dent” were carried out. The gel preparation was used in the complex therapy of periodontal diseases of an inflammatory and inflammatory-destructive nature. As a result of the experimental studies, it was found that "Matripin-Dent", due to the original composition of the gel composition, provides high adhesion to mucous surfaces, ensures reliable fixation of the drug on the gums, contributes to a better distribution of active components due to good absorption of the ointment base composition. It has been proven that the developed dosage form "Matripin-Dent" based on pharmacologically active compounds of Populus balsamifera L. buds and flowers, leaves, buds of Matricaria chamomilla L. has a number of advantages in comparison with the drugs existing on the pharmaceutical market used in dental practice.
SYNTHESIS OF NANOCOMPOSITE FIBERS BASED ON ROCK PITCH AND NANOIRON BY ELECTROSPINNING
Authors:   Director of LLP ", Yermagambet B.T. ,   Institute of Coal Chemistry and Technology",   , Doctor of Chemical Science, Professor, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, e-mail: bake.yer@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-9526, Kazankapova M.K. ,   PhD in Philosophy, LLP "Institute of Coal Chemistry and Technology", Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, e-mail: maira_1986@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-3062, Kassenova Zh.M. ,   Master of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Deputy Director of LLP "Institute of Coal Chemistry and Technology", Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, e-mail:zhanar_k_68@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-7319, Nauryzbayeva A.T. ,   Bachelor, Junior Researcher of LLP "Institute of Coal Chemistry and Technology", Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, e-mail: asemai_2296@mail.ru;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4912-3856
Published: October 2020

The article presents experiments on the production of nanocomposite fibers based on the Shubarkol coal tar pitch and nano-iron by the method of electrospinning in a laboratory setup. The elemental composition was determined and the surface morphology of the test sample was studied. As a result of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and SEM microscopy, the elemental composition was determined: C-92.14%, O-6.16%, Al-0.30%, Si-0.26%, P-0.07%, S -0.20%, Cl -0.40%, Fe-0.47% and the diameter of the carbon nanofiber, which ranged from 94.2 nm to 800.0 nm. The results of IR spectroscopy showed an increase in the intensity of the peaks in the region of 2920-2850 cm-1 and the appearance of a signal at 2359 cm-1, which is explained by the breaking of several chemical bonds in the sample structure and the formation of a composite with nano-iron.
ASSESSMENT OF PROMISING LOCAL WALNUT FORMS FOR THE SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   doctor of agricultural Sciences, chief scientific officer of the Issyk state arboretum Park, oleichenko@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0611-8267, Oleichenko S.N. , Yegizbayeva T.K. ,   is a senior researcher in the Issyk arboretum state Park, togjan26@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3333-8839, Apushev A.K. ,   doctor of agricultural Sciences, chief scientific officer of Almaly say LLP, apushevak@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-0391, Nusipzhanov N.S. ,   -senior researcher of the Issyk state arboretum Park, n.nusipzhanov@bk.ru. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-0186
Published: October 2020

. Currently, Kazakhstan has increased interest in nut crops, especially walnuts, which bring stable yields in the most favorable areas for it. Walnut is a valuable product, and its industrial cultivation in the southern regions of the Republic has a certain perspective. Biometric observations, accounting for productivity and average weight of the fetus and nucleus, and phenological observations were carried out. The General condition of plants was also assessed. Selected and studied 3 forms established during the period of expedition research in the Almaty region and two in Turkestan. Observations of promising forms of walnuts in two regions have shown that the previously selected forms show a fairly high adaptive stability and yield stable yields of high enough quality. It should also be noted that the fruiting of 2018 Almaty forms took place after winter drops to -33C and 10 days of steady cooling at the level of 23-28C. This allows us to include all three promising forms, Aliyar (Issyk), Enbekshikazakh district, Krivenok from Kyrgyzaulda and from the Seidaliev estate, Karasay district. The largest of them is Aliyar, with an average weight of more than 13 g, a core yield of 51%, and not very strong shell. The seidali form is the least large-fruited and does not meet the requirements for the size of the fruit. The form of Kyrgyzaulda also does not reach 11 g, but it has almost a paper shell and an excellent taste of the core, which can even be attributed to dessert. The unique properties of the Turbat nut from the 19th century continue to surprise. No frost damage and saving in more. more than 100 years of age of physiological activity. This year's yield was higher, while maintaining the size of nuts with an average weight of 13 g. Further work is planned to introduce it to culture in vitro for micro-propagation and prepare documentation for recognition as a breeding achievement of global significance.
FUNDAMENTALS OF WATER USE IN THE CATCHMENT AREAS OF THE ILI RIVER BASIN
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department «Water Resources and Melioration», Kazakh National Agrarian University, Mustafayev Zh.S. ,   z-mustafa@rambler.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003- 24258148, Ryskulbekova L.N. ,   Document PhD of the Department «Water Resources and Land Reclamation», Kazakh National Agrarian University; ryskulbekova.laura@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-5920
Published: October 2020

Based on the long-term information and analytical materials «Balkhash-Alakol Basin Inspectorate for Regulation of Use and Protection of Water Resources» of the Committee for Water Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the environmental indicator of specific water availability, which availability high water availability, ensuring sustainable development of economic sectors, but not ensuring the natural and environmental sustainability and safety of functioning of Lake Balkhash, as a geographic water body. The location in the arid and semi-arid zones, as well as the features of the formation of hydrological flow in the catchment areas of the Ili River basin, which determines the environment-forming system with socio-economic conditions and natural and technogenic objects that determine the level of water supply for water management sites, require the need for coordination of water management in order to prevent possible negative changes in watercourses and reservoirs that perform important environmental functions in the Ili-Balkhash basin, that is, to ensure natural and environmental sustainability and safe functioning of Lake Balkhash as a geographic water body.
APPLICATION OF MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN MEDICINE
Authors:   Doctor of Physical-Mathematical Sciences, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Information System, Information Technology, International Information Technology University, Kazakhstan, Amantay A.A. ,   dkulan1@mail.ru, Duisebekova K.S. ,   Bachelor of Engineering and Technology, Department of Information System, Information Technology, International Information Technology University, Kazakhstan; aryn0902@gmail.com;
Published: October 2020

Medical information systems (MIS) - in a broad sense, it is a form of organization in medicine, uniting in the process of activities of physicians, mathematicians, technicians with a complex of technical means and providing the collection, storage, processing, analysis and delivery of medical information of various profiles in the process of solving problems, and in the narrow sense - a complex of mathematical and technical means to ensure the collection, storage, processing and issuance of medical information in solving problems of clinical medicine or health. The general commands for planning and implementing a medical information system are very large and rich. There are necessary requirements for personnel, capital, and the organization itself. Strict requirements for high reliability and user utility for a real-time system significantly increase hardware and software requirements. The scale of the information system requires careful time planning and modular implementation.
REMOTE CONSEQUENCES OF PESTICIDE POLLUTION ON THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor. RSE at the Institute of Physiology of Man and Animals at the Institute of Physiology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Al Farabi Ave. 93. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor e-mail: unzira@inbox.ru ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9162-5281, Kapysheva U.N. , Bakhtiyarova Sh.K. ,   Candidate of Biological Sciences. RSE at the Institute of Human and Animal Physiology at the Institute of Physiology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 93 Al Farabi Ave., Candidate of Biological Sciences, e-mail: bifara.66@mail.ru ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-0130, Baimbetova A.K. ,   Candidate of Biological Sciences. RSE at the Institute of Human and Animal Physiology at the Institute of Physiology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 93 Al Farabi Ave., Candidate of Biological Sciences, e-mail: baimbetova53@mail.ru
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the state of short-term memory, sustainability and concentration of attention among rural residents living in places of long-term pesticidal pollution. The study of cognitive functions in residents was performed using the special Neurosoft computer base program. A significant decrease (by 20%) in the number of people with a high level of development of short-term memory by numbers and images was revealed. An increase of 18% in the number of people with poorly developed cognitive abilities is shown both when remembering information on numbers and images, as well as when concentration and stability of attention is on the desired object. At the same time, the memory capacity of residents with a high level of development of the function of memorizing information, both for numbers and images, was at the same level as the benchmarks and ranged from 61% to 67% of the amount of information proposed for memorization. The study showed that living in a zone of long-term pesticidal pollution worsens cognitive functions - memory and attention, upsets the balance of the main nervous processes - excitation and inhibition, and increases the risk of developing nervous disorders.
DETERMINATION OF SOIL LOSS OCCURRING VIA GULLY AND STREAMBANKS USING “EROSION PIN METHOD” IN OLTU MICRO-CATCHMENT WITHIN CORUH RIVER BASIN
Authors: TÜFEKÇİOĞLU Mustafa , YILDIRIM Cengizhan , DUMAN Ahmet
Published: October 2020

Water erosion is an important erosion type that erodes and transports the most. With the effects of stream water, both streambank and gully erosions cause even more soil transport and debris accumulation resulting more flood events and associated loss of life and properties, as well as increasing the deposition of sediment in dam reservoirs that shorten the economic lifespan of these dams. This study was carried out in 14 different bank erosion sites (stream reach) in the Oltu Micro Catchment (OMC), one of the sub-watershed of the Coruh River Basin, to measure gully and streambank erosions over five-year long study period using “erosion pin method”. Oltu Micro Catchment has arid and semi-arid climate and has a 37% slope degree with a rugged structure. Over the five-year study period, the annual gully and streambank erosion rates were ranged from 1.25 to 8.79 cm/yr and the five-year average was measured as 4.43 cm/yr. The five-year soil losses were ranged from 30.5 to 190.8 tons/km/yr, and the five-year average was measured as 83.9 tons/km/yr. Compared to 1st and 2nd order streams, most of these measured soil losses were due to gully erosion (78%). In addition, it was determined that very large increase in bank erosion was occurred due to increase in rainfall in this semi-arid region showing that these types of watersheds are sensitive to bank erosions. As a conclusion, streambank and gully erosions are dynamic processes effected by the spatial and temporal scale differences under varying climate settings. Additionally, this study is a pioneer one in the region that identifies a need for the conservation practices (particularly for the gullies) to reduce the soil losses and deposited sediment in the whole channel system and eventually in dam reservoirs.