bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tax Avoidance and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Marques Mário , Montenegro Tânia Menezes , Brás Filomena Antunes
Published: August 2023

We analyze 117 estimates from 23 studies that examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate tax aggressiveness. The meta-regression results indicate that both CSR and tax avoidance proxies play a role in explaining the differences in estimates of primary studies. Data samples and econometric specifications also explain some of the heterogeneity. We use meta-regression results to predict the association between CSR and tax avoidance for several hypothetical and plausible study designs and find either no or a small to moderate association between the constructs, indicating that firms decouple CSR from tax avoidance. Interestingly, evidence suggests that such a relationship exists in settings of extreme CSR and tax avoidance behaviors. Academic research has not yet explored the determinants of the heterogeneity of the empirical evidence on the relationship between CSR and tax avoidance. This meta-analysis fills this gap and provides useful insights for future research, practice, and regulation.

JEL Classifications: C19; H26; M14.
Beneficial Effects of Control-IQ Automated Insulin Delivery in Basal-Bolus and Basal-Only Insulin Users With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Levy Carol J. , Raghinaru Dan , Kudva Yogish C. , Pandit Keta , Blevins Thomas , Casaubon Luis , Desjardins Donna , Levister Camilla M. , O’Malley Grenye , Reid Corey , Lum John , Kollman Craig , Beck Roy W.
Published: August 2023

The t:slim X2 insulin pump with Control-IQ technology (Control-IQ) advanced hybrid closed-loop automated insulin delivery system was evaluated in this prospective single-arm trial. Thirty adults with type 2 diabetes using the Control-IQ system showed substantial glycemic improvement with no increase in hypoglycemia. Mean time in range (70–180 mg/dL) improved 15%, representing an increase of 3.6 hours/day, and mean glucose decreased by 22 mg/dL.
All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular and Microvascular Diseases in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
Authors: Wei Yuxia , Herzog Katharina , Ahlqvist Emma , Andersson Tomas , Nyström Thomas , Zhan Yiqiang , Tuomi Tiinamaija , Carlsson Sofia
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogenous, slowly progressing autoimmune diabetes. We aim to contribute new knowledge on the long-term prognosis of LADA with varying degrees of autoimmunity by comparing it to type 2 diabetes and adult-onset type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This Swedish population-based study included newly diagnosed LADA (n = 550, stratified into LADAlow and LADAhigh by median autoimmunity level), type 2 diabetes (n = 2,001), adult-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 1,573), and control subjects without diabetes (n = 2,355) in 2007–2019. Register linkages provided information on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and clinical characteristics during follow-up.

RESULTS

Mortality was higher in LADA (hazard ratio [HR] 1.44; 95% CI 1.03, 2.02), type 1 (2.31 [1.75, 3.05]), and type 2 diabetes (1.31 [1.03, 1.67]) than in control subjects. CVD incidence was elevated in LADAhigh (HR 1.67; 95% CI 1.04, 2.69) and type 2 diabetes (1.53 [1.17, 2.00]), but not in LADAlow or type 1 diabetes. Incidence of retinopathy but not nephropathy was higher in LADA (HR 2.25; 95% CI 1.64, 3.09), including LADAhigh and LADAlow than in type 2 diabetes (unavailable in type 1 diabetes). More favorable blood pressure and lipid profiles, but higher HbA1c levels, were seen in LADA than type 2 diabetes at baseline and throughout follow-up, especially in LADAhigh, which resembled type 1 diabetes in this respect.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite having fewer metabolic risk factors than type 2 diabetes, LADA has equal to higher risks of death, CVD, and retinopathy. Poorer glycemic control, particularly in LADAhigh, highlights the need for improved LADA management.
Duration of type 2 diabetes and incidence of cancer: an observational study in England
Authors: Zaccardi Francesco , Ling Suping , Brown Karen , Davies Melanie , Khunti Kamlesh
Published: August 2023

Objective

To investigate the association between duration of type 2 diabetes and cancer incidence.

Research Design and Methods

In the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database, we identified 130,764 individuals with type 2 diabetes aged ≥35 years at diagnosis linked to hospital and mortality records. We used sex-stratified Royston-Parmar models with two time scales to estimate incidence rates of all cancers, the four commonest cancers in the UK (colorectal, lung, prostate, breast), and the obesity-related cancers (e.g., liver, ovary) between 1/1/1998 and 14/1/2019, by age and diabetes duration.

Results

During 1,089,923 person-years, 18,977 incident cancers occurred. At the same age, in men and women rates of all cancers did not vary across durations ranging from diagnosis to 20 years; conversely, for any duration, there was a strong, positive association between age and cancer rates. In men, the rate ratio comparing 20 to 5 years of duration was 1.18 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.69) at 60 years of age and 0.90 (0.75, 1.08) at 80 years; corresponding ratios in women were 1.07 (0.71, 1.63) and 0.84 (0.66, 1.05). This pattern was observed also for the four commonest cancers. For obesity-related cancers, although rates were generally higher in individuals with a higher body mass index, there was no association with duration at any level of body mass index.

Conclusions

In this study, we did not find evidence of an association between duration of type 2 diabetes and risk of cancer, with the higher risk observed for longer durations related to ageing.
Numerous papular glomus tumors localized on the abdomen: a report of a case and an ultrastructural study
Authors: Hatchome N , Kato T , Tagami H.
Published: August 2023

Numerous, painless, dark-red small papules approximately 300 in number developed in a localized area of the left abdomen of a 16-year-old Japanese male in a course of 4 years. Histologically, there were dilated vascular spaces surrounded by one to three layers of cuboidal cells in the upper and mid dermis. Electron microscopic examination revealed the characteristic muscle cell structure of the tumour cells. To our knowledge there is no other report in the literature of such a case of localized multiple glomus tumors with numerous small papules and we think that this case represents a unique type in the multiple glomus tumor.
Treatment of acanthosis nigricans with etretinate (Tigason) in a patient with Lawrence-Seip syndrome (generalized lipodystrophy)
Authors: Mørk NJ , Rajka G , Halse J.
Published: August 2023

The major symptoms of Lawrence-Seip syndrome or generalized lipodystrophy consist of muscle hypertrophy, loss of subcutaneous fat, hyperlipaemia, diabetes mellitus and acanthosis nigricans. We have successfully treated acanthosis nigricans in a patient with Lawrence-Seip syndrome.
Benoxaprofen in treatment of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Halkier-Sørensen L , Ternowitz T , Bjerring P , Poulsen JH , Alsbirk KE , Herlin T , Ravnsbaek J , Zachariae E , Zachariae
Published: August 2023

Ten patients with systemic sclerosis were treated with benoxaprofen, a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor, for a period of 6 months. In an attempt to evaluate the efficacy a number of physical disease parameters were followed during the trial. None of these parameters revealed any significant differences. There was, however, a trend for a change towards normalisation of a defect monocyte chemotaxis. In view of the slow and progressive nature of systemic sclerosis the present study leaves undetermined whether benoxaprofen exerts a beneficial effect on systemic sclerosis.
A trial of 1% minoxidil used topically for severe alopecia areata
Authors: Vestey JP , Savin JA.
Published: August 2023

Fifty patients with extensive alopecia areata took part in a prolonged double blind trial to compare the effect of 1% minoxidil in unguentum merck with that of unguentum merck alone. There was no significant difference between the hair growth of patients treated with the placebo or with the active compound.
Anthralin stick (Anthraderm) in the treatment of mosaic warts
Authors: Hjorth N , Madsen K , Nørgaard M.
Published: August 2023

Thirty patients having mosaic warts of the soles for 2 years (range 3 months-6 years) were treated daily with a wax-based anthralin stick supplemented by weekly paring. Six patients dropped out, because they failed to appear for follow-up. Of the remaining patients 17/24 cleared, whereas the warts persisted in 7/24. Although the trial was an open study, this result can hardly be explained by placebo effect since mosaic warts are notoriously resistant to treatment.
The histopathogenesis of the flame figure in Wells´ syndrome based on five cases
Authors: Brehmer-Andersson E , Kaaman T , Skog E , Frithz A.
Published: August 2023

Characteristics of Wells´ syndrome are recurrent episodes of edema and erythema of sudden onset, often covering large areas of the skin. Microscopy shows marked eosinophilia and the presence of so-called flame figures. The flame figures have been considered to be either secondary to aggregates of expelled eosinophilic granules and disintergrating eosinophils, or foci of necrobiotic collagen. Our study indicates that the flame figure is secondary to disintegration of eosinophils and consists of aggregates of eosinophilic granules and nuclear fragments and not of necrobiotic collagen. We consider Wells´ syndrome to be a distinctive clinical and histological reaction, which can be triggered by many different, mostly unknown factors.
Circulating lymphocyte subsets in patients with alopecia areata
Authors: Baadsgaard O , Lindskov R.
Published: August 2023

Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of fourteen patients with patchy alopecia areata or alopecia universalis were estimated using monoclonal antibodies and immunofluorescence. The median percentage of circulating Leu 2a, 3a, 4 and 7 positive cells ("T-suppressor/cytotoxic", "T-helper/effector", total T-cells and killer and natural killer cells) were normal.
Topical immunotherapy of alopecia areata. A follow-up study
Authors: Valsecchi R , Cainelli T , Foiadelli L , Rossi A.
Published: August 2023

Ninety-six patients suffering from alopecia areata have been treated with topical immunotherapy. Fifty-one have been treated with dinitrochlorobenzene and 45 with squaric acid dibutylester. Analysis of our group showed that 55 patients out of those 96, who entered the study, experienced hair regrowth during a period of 6-17 weeks of treatment. Of these 55 patients, 25 (45.4%) had a recurrence of AA and 30 (53.6%) had a persistent regrowth during a follow-up of 16 months-6 years. The severity and early development of flare-up and induced allergic contact dermatitis have been the principal factors that have influenced the clinical results.
Cellular reactivity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis--measurement of lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence
Authors: Kapp A , Schöpf E.
Published: August 2023

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) of patients suffering from psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are supposed to differ in their function from the PMN of normals. However, conflicting results have been reported. Using a lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence we investigated the response of isolated PMN from patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis to different stimuli. PMN of 17 patients with psoriasis and 13 patients with AD with mild to moderate disease activity were stimulated with a chemotactic peptide (f-met-phe), zymosan activated serum (ZAS), zymosan particles and phorbol myristate acetate. In the AD group we found a significantly decreased response after stimulation with ZAS in comparison to the controls. With the other stimuli tested no significant difference was detected. In comparison to normal controls psoriatic PMN showed no significant difference with any of the stimuli. Comparing patients with plaque-type and guttate-type psoriasis no significant difference was detected. We suggest that the reported hyperactivation of psoriatic PMN could be triggered by serum factors which were excluded in the present investigation. The decreased response of PMN to stimulation with ZAS from patients with AD associated with a normal reactivity to the other stimuli could be due to specific desensitization of the PMN by C5a in vivo.
Graft exchange in vitiligo. Studies on the outcome of exchanging biopsies from vitiliginous skin to normal, pigmented skin and vice versa
Authors: Beck HI , Schmidt H.
Published: August 2023

In 27 patients with vitiligo punch biopsies from vitiliginous skin to normal skin and vice versa were performed. Of the vitiligo grafts 69% showed donor dominance and 31% receptor dominance. When normal skin was transplanted 74% showed receptor dominance and 26% donor dominance. In 13 patients (52%) blood screening pointed towards an autoimmune disease.
Chromosome studies in scleroderma with consideration of anticentromere antibody status and assessment of possible in vitro clastogenic activity
Authors: Powell FC , Schroeter AL , Winkelmann RK , Dewald GW.
Published: August 2023

The constitutional karyotype and frequency of sporadic chromosome abnormalities in peripheral blood leukocytes from 30 scleroderma patients and 15 normal controls were studied. Fifteen of the scleroderma patients were positive for the anticentromere antibody (ACA) and 15 were negative. The constitutional karyotype of all patients and controls were normal. No statistically significant difference in sporadic chromosome abnormalities was detected among the two groups of scleroderma patients compared with the control group. The possibility of clastogenic activity in serum from scleroderma patients was investigated by culturing lymphocytes from three normal individuals in medium enriched with serum from either a normal control, an ACA-negative scleroderma patient or an ACA-positive scleroderma patient. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of sporadic chromosomal abnormalities among the cells in these experiments. The results of this study suggest that, contrary to previously reported studies, the frequency of sporadic chromosome abnormalities is not increased significantly in scleroderma patients. In addition, although the anticentromere antibody is reactive with chromosomal material, patients with this antibody do not have increased chromosome breakage or aneuploidy, and the antibody does not induce chromosomal changes in vitro.
Localization of vitronectin (S-protein of complement) in normal human skin
Authors: Dahlbäck K , Löfberg H , Dahlbäck B.
Published: August 2023

Vitronectin, now known to be identical to serum spreading factor and to S-protein of complement, is a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in the adhesion and spreading of cells and in the complement and coagulation pathways. The distribution of vitronectin in normal human skin was investigated with immunofluorescence using polyclonal antibodies, and with an avidin-biotin peroxidase complex technique, using polyclonal as well as monoclonal antibodies. Vitronectin immunreactivity was found to be localized on the elastic fibres in the dermis. Both the thin fibres in the papillary dermis and the thicker elastic fibres in the reticular dermis were stained. No crossreactivity was found between vitronectin and serum amyloid P component, known to bind to elastic fibres. The two proteins were immunohistochemically localized to the same structures in the skin. The distribution of vitronectin in the dermal tissue established in this study provides a basis for further studies of the function and behaviour of vitronectin in health and disease.
cis-Urocanic acid does not inhibit mitogen induced lymphocyte transformation in man
Authors: Higaki Y , Hauser C , Siegenthaler G , Saurat JH.
Published: August 2023

Urocanic acid (UCA) is a photoreceptor in the epidermis which absorbs UVB. To elucidate the role of UCA as an immunomodulator in the mechanism of immune suppression which occurs after UV irradiation in human, we studied the effect trans-UCA as well as that of its UV induced cis-isomer (cis-UCA) on mitogen induced lymphocyte transformation and on delayed type responses elicited by intradermal testing of a standardized battery of microbial antigens. No inhibitory effect was seen either in vitro or in vivo. Our negative results, both in vivo and in vitro, suggest that if UCA and UCA photoproducts exert an immunomodulatory effect, their effect should be analysed by a more subtle evaluation of the immune system.
Serum testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin levels in women with androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Georgala G , Papasotiriou V , Stavropoulos P.
Published: August 2023

Serum levels of testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were assessed in eight women suffering from male pattern alopecia. Eight healthy women of similar age served as controls. A statistically non-significant increase was observed in serum testosterone levels as compared with those of the controls (p greater than 0.1). On the other hand, a statistically significant fall was observed in serum SHBG levels as compared with those of the controls (p less than 0.001).
Lipoprotein electrophoresis in recessive X-linked ichthyosis
Authors: Ibsen HH , Brandrup F , Blaabjerg O , Lykkesfeldt G.
Published: August 2023

Recessive X-linked ichthyosis (RXLI) is consistently associated with steroid sulphatase deficiency, and a definite diagnosis can be made by measurement of the activity of this enzyme, e.g. in cultured skin fibroblasts and leucocytes. Demonstrating an increased electrophoretic mobility of plasma low-density lipoprotein in RXLI patients has been proposed as a simpler method for the diagnosis of this condition. Our findings in 7 RXLI patients and 7 normal controls confirmed that a discrimination between patients and controls can be obtained by routine lipoprotein electrophoresis. However, due to variation in the results of repetitive performances further studies are needed to evaluate the overall reliability of this diagnostic approach.
Subtotal C4 deficiency and SLE-like disease
Authors: Irestedt M , Svensson A , Månsson T.
Published: August 2023

Extremely low C4 values were found in a 65-year-old man with relapsing arthritis and skin lesions of many years duration of the scalp, face, hands and feet together with painful ulcerations of the toes and fingers. The discovery was made during an exacerbation, but the deficiency of C4 persisted in repeated controls after remission. The clinical findings in connection with these low C4 values are in congruence with the diagnosis of inherited deficiency of C4.
Palmoplantar eruption associated with etretinate therapy
Authors: David M , Ginzburg A , Hodak E , Feuerman EJ.
Published: August 2023

Five psoriatic patients developed papular lesions of palms and soles, shortly after beginning treatment with etretinate. Histological examination in two cases was insignificant. The lesions disappeared without tapering the dose of etretinate. The fact that lesions appeared and subsided within a short period may explain why this unusual adverse reaction of etretinate therapy has not been reported previously.
Bolstering and Bridging – Pre-Primary Teachers’ Purposes and Views of Reading Aloud
Authors: Tjäru Sofie
Published: August 2023

This study investigates what purposes teachers attach to reading books aloud in pre-primary education. Data were collected through a digital questionnaire filled out by 44 teachers working with 6-year-olds in Finnish pre-primary education. Qualitative and inductive content analysis showed that the teachers saw read-alouds as versatile opportunities with several different purposes. Teachers stated that they read aloud to support language development, enhance pedagogical content or current interests, promote transversal competencies and create a certain atmosphere. The teachers’ responses suggested that they believe that read-alouds can further children’s social skills in several ways, bridge and bolster other pre-primary content and prepare children for future educational contexts. Few teachers seemed to regard read-alouds as opportunities to promote aesthetic responses to literature or children’s learning about literature as such, despite books being central to read-alouds. Further study and discussion may indicate whether it would be beneficial to strengthen purposes in closer connection to literature and aesthetic responses, as read-alouds can bring their own learning potential in addition to being versatile tools for other content and activities.
Filosofisk perspektiv på opplæringslovas § 9 A-5, «mobbeparagrafen»
Authors: Måseide Atle
Published: August 2023

Artikkelen er kritikk av opplæringslovas § 9 A-5, «mobbeparagrafen». I første del gjennomgår eg begrep og argumentasjon Djupedal-utvalet nyttar, og viser at ingen av delene tilfredsstiller ordinære argumentative krav. I andre del viser eg at, og kvifor, grunngjeving av å vere krenkt ved referanse til reint private kjensler utan løyve til motsegn frå den skulda er, og må vere, i strid med elementære krav til rettstryggleik. I tredje del ser eg på om kjensler kan vere a-rasjonale eller kognitive: Kva må ein føresette for at skulding om krenking kan rettferdiggjerast ved referanse til kjensler? Eg går så inn på såkalla etisk-deskriptive ord for å peike på sanningskravet ein må ta omsyn til om ein skuldar nokon for krenking. Eit forbod mot innløysing av kravet gjer at begrepet ‘krenking’ blir utan meining. Til sist viser eg at implikasjonen av «mobbeparagrafen» sitt forbod mot å krevje grunngjeving av kjensla av å vere krenkt, opnar for sosio-moralsk infantilisering. «Mobbeparagrafen» er såleis uforeinleg med skolens oppsedingsoppgåve.
English abstract
A Philosophical Look at Paragraph 9 A-5 of the Education Act, the «Bullying Paragraph»
The article is a critique of § 9 A-5 of opplæringslova (The Education Act), the paragraph on bullying. I begin by examining the concepts and arguments used by the Djupedal commission, showing that neither of them satisfy ordinary requirements. In the second part I show that and why justification of one’s claim to be bullied or mobbed by reference to purely private emotions while at the same time denying the accused one the right to contradict, is, and has to be, incompatible with elementary claims to legal protection. In the third part I take a closer look at whether emotions are a-rational or cognitive: What must be presupposed in order to justify an accusation by reference to one’s emotions? By introduction of the concept of ‘ethical-descriptive words’ in the fourth part, I argue that the truth-claim implied by the use of such words makes the concept of mobbing/bullying meaningless if it is forbidden to ask for substantiation of the claim that one has been mobbed/bullied. In the last part of the article, I argue that such a ban will be a step toward socio-moral infantilism. Thus, the paragraph on mobbing is inconsistent with the school’s purpose and responsibility as an institution of socio-moral upbringing.
Måling i kvantitativ utdanningsforskning: Et instrumentelt mistak?
Authors: Høgheim Sigve
Published: August 2023

Til tross for at måling er en hyppig anvendt metode i kvantitativ utdanningsforskning, blir lite oppmerksomhet viet til logikken som ligger bak tallene. I denne artikkelen argumenterer jeg for at utdanningsforskning har adoptert psykologiens syn på måling sammen med en rekke vitenskapelige tankefeil. Artikkelen gir en gjennomgang av innholdet i de to overlappende tilnærmingene til måling som preger dagens metodologi: måling som tallfesting og måling som validering. Basert på en sammenligning med en klassisk forståelse av måling argumenteres det for at kvantitativ utdanningsforskning ikke måler, men kvantifiserer teoretiske begreper. Denne forståelsen av måling sår tvil om andre rådende oppfatninger i kvantitativ forskning, spesielt ontologiske og vitenskapelige antakelser. Basert på gjennomgangen av psykologisk måling argumenteres det for at utdanningsforskning ikke har tilknytning til ontologisk realisme, som ofte antas i metodelitteraturen. Jeg viser også til den utestede hypotesen om den iboende kvantitative strukturen til teoretiske begrep, som danner fundamentet for at noe i det hele tatt er målbart. Hovedtema i artikkelen er at «måling» i utdanningsforskning blir gjort utelukkende til en instrumentell oppgave forstått som instrumentutvikling, mens vitenskapelige oppgaver blir tatt for gitt.
English abstract
Measurement in quantitative educational research: An instrumental mistake?
Although measurement is a frequently used method of data collection in educational research, little attention is devoted to the logic behind the obtained numbers. In this article, I argue that educational research has adopted its view of measurement from the field of psychology alongside several scientific fallacies. This article gives an account of two complementary approaches to measurement that characterize contemporary methodology: measurement as the assignment of numbers, and measurement as validation. Based on a comparison with a classic view on measurement, I argue that quantitative educational research does not measure, but quantifies concepts. Furthermore, I argue that this method of measurement influences other prevailing conceptions in quantitative educational research, particularly ontological and scientific assumptions. Based on the review of psychological measurement I argue that educational research has no connection to ontological realism, which is often assumed in methodological literature. Furthermore, I also highlight the untested hypothesis concerning the quantitative structure and measurability of theoretical concepts. The main theme of this article is that “measurement” in educational research is solely based on instrumental tasks, understood as instrument development, while scientific tasks are taken for granted.
Måling, strukturer og manglende ontologisk fundament: En respons til Kleven og Price
Authors: Høgheim Sigve
Published: August 2023

Som en respons til artikkelen «Måling i kvantitativ utdanningsforskning: Et instrumentelt mistak?» argumenter Kleven og Price, begge med utgangspunkt i kritisk realisme, at måling i en klassisk forstand – som oppdagelse av ratio – i studier av psykologiske konsept er umulig og empiristisk. I denne korte responsartikkelen løfter jeg fram noen momenter i målingsdebatten for å klargjøre noen av temaene som blir tatt opp i disse tre artiklene: strukturer, ontologi og målefeil – selv om hovedvekten ligger på spørsmålet om ontologi. Hovedargumentet mitt er at kritisk realisme er en vitenskapelig posisjon som hevder ontologisk realisme, men som i metodologien om psykologiske konsept erstatter realisme med en teoretisk relativisme for å begrunne «måling». Innen ontologisk realisme er klassisk måling mulig sammen med alternative strukturer til kvantiteter som mulig gjenstand for oppdagelse. Med måling følger en vitenskapelig og feilbarlig metodologi basert på faktiske feil i vår oppdagelse av virkeligheten.
Understanding of Sex Education in Early Children in View from The Role of Parenting Parents
Authors: Aisyah A , Insani Aulia
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted to find out how the role of parenting influences the introduction of sexual education in children aged 4-5 years. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Then, the subjects of this study were 3 children who had democratic, authoritarian and permissive parenting styles. Informants taken were 3 people who were parents, siblings and grandmothers who helped care for the object.Based on the research that has been done, the results show that the type of parenting applied by parents causes differences in behavior towards knowledge of sexual education in children aged 4-5 years.
Pengaruh Games Interaktif Wordwall terhadap Kemampuan Mengenal Budaya Bali Anak Usia Taman Kanak Kanak
Authors: Setyowahyudi Rendy , Tirtayani Luh Ayu , Indana Nurul
Published: August 2023

Gempuran budaya asing mengakibatkan ke khawatiran akan keberlangsungan eksistensi budaya local termasuk di antaranya budaya daerah bali. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan games interaktif wordwall terhadap kemampuan mengenal budaya bali anak usia taman kanak-kanak. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 36 anak yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tes lisan dengan bantuan kartu bergambar. Validitas instrument di uji dengan korelasi poin biserial, sementara reliabilitas di uji dengan KR20. Analisis data untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan paired sample t-test dan independent sample t-test. Sebelum data di uji hipotesis terlebih dahulu di uji normalitas dengan kolmogrov smirnov test dan homogenitas dengan levene test. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh games interaktif wordwall terhadap kemampuan mengenal budaya bali pada anak usia taman kanak-kanak yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig 2 tailed yang didapatkan yaitu 0,000 lebih dari kecil dari 0,05.
Implementation of Individual Learning for Children with Special Needs
Authors: Hastuti Isnaini Budi , Musslifah Annies Rachmawati
Published: August 2023

The rise of schools with the concept of inclusion needs to be balanced with the right curriculum, especially with regard to the learning process. The purpose of this study is to explain the implementation of learning for children with special needs at the PAUD level in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The object of this research is Saymara Inclusion Early childhood education programs. The reason for choosing this education unit was that Saymara Inclusion PAUD is an Inclusive PAUD level education in Kartasura and received an A rating in Accreditation. Research uses an empirical or field approach. The results of the study show that learning for children with special needs is based on the Individual Learning Program, where children with special needs are given services according to their needs, and focus on the abilities and weaknesses of students.
Attributing Human Traits to Other Species as Alignment Work
Authors: Moberg Emilie
Published: August 2023

Against the backdrop of human-induced climate change and severe biodiversity loss, feminist technoscience scholars stress the need for movements towards less anthropocentric knowledge production processes. The present paper delves into the alignment work involved in striving to coordinate and align human-centred epistemic cultures and epistemic cultures centring other species. In an early childhood education site, children, teachers, materials, imagination and the attribution of human traits to snails are elaborated on as key actors. In a literary fiction site, also referred to as environmental imagination, texts, choices of literary style, scientific facts and the attribution of human traits to eels, are featured as actors accomplishing alignment work. The paper argues that adding the concept of the terrestrial to the analysis of the alignment work, as proposed by feminist technoscience scholar Donna Haraway, makes other aspects and versions of non-anthropocentric or less anthropocentric knowledge production processes visible. The paper adds to STS-discussions on alignment work through highlighting alignment work processes as political, power-producing processes, which privilege certain interests while downplaying others.
Ethical Plateaus in Danish Child Protection Services
Authors: Ratner Helene Friis , Schrøder Ida
Published: August 2023

This paper analyses how controversies shape an emerging field of AI in Danish child protection services. In a context of high controversiality, we examine how algorithmic systems evolve in conjunction with changing ethical stakes. Empirically, we report a study comprising all Danish attempts (n=4) to develop algorithmic models for child protection services. These attempts were never fully implemented and have been either cancelled, paused or changed significantly since their outset. Combining Fischer’s (2004) notion of ‘ethical plateaus’ with insights from valuation studies, we propose that public controversies shape how organisations enact their algorithms as ethically ‘good’. Our findings demonstrate how valuations of ethically contestable algorithms involve the very distribution of agency across humans and algorithms, i.e., how much power and agency should be delegated to algorithmic models. In the case of Danish child protection services, this moves towards reducing their agency.
Esivalmistettujen kattoelementtien hyödyntäminen osana puurakenteisten hallien jäykistystä
Authors: Pajunen Sami , Heinisuo Markku
Published: August 2023

Esivalmistettujen kattoelementtien käyttö puurunkoisten hallien rakentamisessa on ny­kyään hyvin sujuvaa ja kustannustehokasta. Tyypillisesti kattoelementit suunnitellaan siten, että ne toimivat myös stabiliteettitukina pääkannattimille. Tässä tutkimuksessa käsitellään suun­nit­telumenetelmää, jossa kattoelementit suunniteltaisiin siten, että ne toimisivat osana koko rakennuksen jäykistysjärjestelmää perinteisten mastopilarien rinnalla. Vastaavaa suun­nit­te­lu­me­ne­telmää on käytetty jo pitkään teräsrunkoisissa hallirakennuksissa, ja tässä artikkelissa me­ne­tel­mää muokataan puurakentamisen erityispiirteet huomioiden soveltumaan myös puurunkoisille hal­li­rakennuksille. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan puuhallin pitkää sivua vastaan kohdistuvaa vaa­ka­kuor­maa, jota voidaan pitää jäykistyslaskelmien perustapauksena. Katon levyjäykistys toteu­te­taan puurunkojen jäykistyksessä yleisesti käytetyllä kipsilevyllä, joka on ruuvattu puurunkoon. Saa­duista tuloksista nähdään, että katon levyvaikutuksella on suuri vaikutus pilarien vaa­ka­kuor­miin sekä katon vaakasiirtymiin. Pilareiden vaakakuormitukset ja nurjahduspituudet pienenevät huo­mattavasti verrattuna tapaukseen, jossa mastopilarit yksin ottaisivat vastaan rakennukseen koh­distuvat vaakakuormat. Kun katon levyjäykistys otetaan mitoituksessa huomioon, kehä­pi­la­rei­den nurjahduspituudet pienenevät jopa 47 prosenttia verrattuna pelkkään mastojäykistykseen. Tulokset ovat vastaavia kuin on saatu teräsrunkoisten hallien laskelmissa. Esitetty menetelmä antaa pe­rus­teet puurunkoisten hallien kehittyneempään ja todellisuutta paremmin vastaavaan taloudelliseen mi­toitukseen jopa ilman lisäkustannuksia verrattuna nykyiseen käytäntöön.
Geographically Weighted Regression Analysis on Cases of Malnutrition Under Five in the West Sumatra
Authors: Sandriani Fifi , Helma Helma
Published: August 2023

Malnutrition is a condition experienced by toddlers due to low nutrition or nutritional needs that have not been met. Effort to improve health status by improving the nutritional status of toddlers. The purpose of this research is clarify the Geographically Weighted Regression model is the best model when compared to the multiple linear regression model. The data used was obtained data from the West Sumatra Provincial Helath Office for 2020. The dependent variable used is the percentage of cases of malnutrition and there are several independent variables, namely the percentage of children under five who were given vitamin A, the percentage of babies who were exclusively breastfeed, and babies born with low birth weight. The results showed that the gwr model can explain the diversity of cases of malnutrition of children under five by 99% with a total squared error of 0.002 compared with multiple linear regression model which is able to explain the diversity of cases of malnutrition among children under five by 43% with a total squared errors of 0.585. It is concluded that the gwr model is the best model.
Vliyanie lesnyh pozharov na onkologicheskie zabolevaniya u naseleniya Dal'nego vostoka
Authors: Пинаев С. К. , Веневский С. , Чаков В. В. , Тянь Л. , Гонг П. , Каприн А. Д. , Старинский В. В. , Чижов А. Я. , Пинаева О. Г.
Published: August 2023

Dal'nevostochnyj federal'nyj okrug (DFO) Rossii podverzhen chastym lesnym pozharam. Cel'yu raboty bylo vyyavit' svyaz' mezhdu onkologicheskimi zabolevaniyami i lesnymi pozharami na territorii DFO; ocenit' vremennye lagi ukazannyh svyazej; vyyavit' vozrastnye gruppy, statisticheski naibolee chuvstvitel'nye k vozdejstviyu pozharov. CHislo pozharov (CHP) za god na territorii administrativnyh edinic (AE), privedennoe k maksimal'nomu znacheniyu dlya vsekh AE za period nablyudeniya 1992–2019 gg., ispol'zovali v kachestve pokazatelya lesnyh pozharov. Pokazateli zabolevaemosti pyat'yu vidami raka (ZR) za god sredi detej v vozraste do 14 let i naseleniya v celom normirovali analogichno CHP i sopostavlyali s normirovannymi pokazatelyami CHP. Vse kombinacii iz semi AE DFO issledovali na nalichie statisticheskih svyazej mezhdu normirovannymi pokazatelyami CHP i ZR. Modeli ARIMA ispol'zovali dlya analiza vremennyh ryadov CHP i ZR za period 1992–2019 gg. Linejnyj statisticheskij analiz primenyali dlya bolee korotkih vremennyh ryadov CHP i ZR (10–12 let) na territorii central'noj AE DFO dlya detej v vozraste do 4 let. Pri etom krome perechislennyh pyati vidov detskogo raka dlya kategorii «deti mladshego vozrasta (0–4 let)» byli rassmotreny tri dopolnitel'nyh vida raka, a takzhe pyat' dobrokachestvennyh novoobrazovanij. Analiz s primeneniem modeli ARIMA pozvolil vyyavit' 27 svyazej mezhdu CHP i ZR s lagom ot 0 do 3 let v dvuh vozrastnyh gruppah dlya pyati vidov raka (0,002 < p < 0,1). Linejnyj statisticheskij analiz v gruppe «deti mladshego vozrasta (0–4 goda)» pokazal korrelyacii dlya trekh iz pyati vidov raka, dlya dvuh iz trekh vidov embrional'nogo raka i trekh iz pyati vidov dobrokachestvennyh opuholej (0,002 < p < 0,046). Vyvody: kolebaniya zabolevaemosti opuholyami gemopoeticheskih, limfoidnyh tkanej, sosudistymi opuholyami, opuholyami myagkih tkanej i CNS sredi detej mladshego vozrasta (0–4 goda), detej/podrostkov v vozraste 0–14 let i naseleniya DFO v celom otchasti svyazany s lesnymi pozharami. Naselenie DFO v celom i deti v vozraste do 4 let na territorii central'noj AE DFO naibolee chuvstvitel'ny k vozdejstviyu lesnyh pozharov. Svyaz' «chislo pozharov – zabolevaemost' rakom», kak pravilo, imeet vremennoj lag ot 0 do 3 let.
Neuroevolution untuk optimalisasi parameter jaringan saraf tiruan
Authors: Purnomo Hindriyanto Dwi , Gonsalves Tad , Wahyono Teguh , Saian Pratyaksa Ocsa Nugraha
Published: August 2023

Jaringan saraf tiruan merupakan metode supervised learning yang telah diterapkan untuk menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan klasifikasi. Sebagai metode supervised learning, jaringan saraf tiruan memerlukan data training untuk mengidentifikasi pola dalam data sehingga fase learning menjadi penting. Pada fase learning, konfigurasi bobot pada jaringan saraf tiruan diatur sehingga jaringan saraf tiruan tersebut bisa mengenali pola di dalam data. Pada penelitian ini diusulkan metode untuk mengoptimalkan nilai bobot pada konfigurasi jaringan saraf tiruan menggunakan pendekatan neuroevolution. Neuroevolution adalah pengintegrasian metode evolutionary algorithm; termasuk di dalamnya adalah berbagai metode metaheuristik; dengan  jaringan saraf tiruan. Secara khusus, penelitian ini menggunakan metode particle swarm optimization untuk mengoptimalkan bobot pada jaringan saraf tiruan. Kinerja model yang diusulkan dibandingkan dengan metode backpropagation dengan stochastic gradient descent menggunakan lima dataset: iris, wine, breast cancer, ecoli, dan wheat seeds. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa model yang diusulkan memiliki akurasi yang lebih baik di tiga dataset dari lima dataset dan memiliki kinerja yang sama di dua dataset. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pendekatan neuroevolution memiliki potensi sebagai metode optimalisasi parameter pada jaringan saraf tiruan. Penelitian ini bisa dikembangkan dengan mengidentifikasi karakteristik konvergensi dari pendekatan neuroevolution maupun menerapkan berbagai metode evolutionary algorithm untuk mengoptimalkan nilai bobot pada jaringan saraf tiruan.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Penguatan SDM Program Sekolah Penggerak di Sekolah Menengah Pertama dengan Model CIPPO
Authors: Wiryatmo Rahmat Dhoni , Iriani Ade , Waruwu Marinu
Published: August 2023

This study aims to evaluate: context, input, process, product, and outcome in the implementation of strengthening human resources in the Program Sekolah Penggerak at SMPN 1 Bringin. This type of research is descriptive evaluative to find out the description of a phenomenon and or its relationship with other phenomena. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation studies. Data validation using triangulation. Data analysis includes data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results of this study indicate: (1) Context. Teachers’ competencies is low, students character is not appropriate, and the school's cultural climate is less solid, and program improvements are needed; (2) Inputs. PSP with the Merdeka curriculum is the answer regarding a curriculum model that is in line with the development of the world of education where the readiness of stakeholders is well coordinated, (3) Process. Starting with program preparation, facilitation and implementation, mentoring, evaluation and reflection on all activities. (4) Products. Teachers are increasingly mastering digital devices, schools are equipping digital-based infrastructure to support learning activities, co-curricular, intra-curricular and extra-curricular activities are going well, at the end of the strengthening project a "Pagelaran" is held in the form of art performances and student product exhibitions, the internal condition of schools has built a climate culture good school. (5) the outcome, strengthening human resources in the PSP shows that the results of the performance of educators and education staff have increased where teachers are able to complete tasks with full responsibility, use new learning paradigms and learning differentiation.
Korelasi Kompetensi Pedagogik dan Percaya Diri Guru Terhadap Keberhasilan Program SMK Pusat Keunggulan
Authors: Firdaus Joni , Sarmini Sarmini , Safitri Julia
Published: August 2023

SMK Multistudi High School Batam is one of 895 SMKs in Indonesia selected by the government in 2021 to implement the SMK Center of Excellence program. This program hopes to help teachers solve every learning problem to prepare graduates ready to compete in the world of work. This quantitative study uses a sample of 45 teachers at SMK Multistudi High School Batam. This study aims to analyze the correlation between pedagogic competence and teacher confidence in the success of the SMK Center of Excellence program. The result of the study shows that there is a positive and significant correlation between pedagogical competence and the success of the Center for Excellence Vovatiobal High School program, with the result of the t-test showing t count 5.379 >ttable 1.679 ans sig.0.000< α 0.05. It turns out that teacher self-confidence is not correlated with the success of the Center for Excellence Vocational High School program, where the t-score shows a t-score of 0.097 < t-table of 1.679 and sig.0.454 > α 0.05. The study's results show a partially positive and significant correlation between pedagogical competence and teacher confidence in the success of the Center of Excellence in Vocational High School program, with the F test results showing a significance value of less than 0.05 (0.000<0.05).
Physicochemical and Phytochemical Properties of Different Extracts of Sumac Plant (Rhus coriaria L.) Grown in Tunceli, Türkiye
Authors: YÜKSEL Esra , KAPLAN İNCE Olcay
Published: August 2023

In this study, sumac plant (Rhus coriaria L.) naturally grown in Tunceli (Türkiye) was collected from 5 different provinces and investigated for their phytochemical properties. In sumac samples, pH, color, ash amount, total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity, metal chelating capacity, copper (II) ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), reducing power, mineral matter content, organic acids as tartaric acid, malic acid and citric acid, phenolic compounds as gallic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, routine, resveratrol, (-)- epicatechin, and (+)- catechin hydrate contents were determined. The highest TPC was found in the acidified methanol extract (AME) and the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity was found in the acidified acetonitrile extract (AAE). It was determined that all extracts of sumac sample 5 (S5) collected from Pertek district, metal chelating capacity was higher than the other samples but lower than the metal chelating capacity of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). CUPRAC was detected at the highest concentration of 118.0±3.0 mg caffeic acid equivalent kg-1 (mg CAE kg-1) in the AME, at the lowest 10.2±0.6 mg CAE kg-1 in the AAE for S5 sample. It was found that the reducing powers of all samples were found to be lower than the reducing power of synthetic antioxidants (butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), α tocopherol, and vitamin C), and the samples were rich in mineral substances, the predominant organic acid was malic acid, and phenolic compound was gallic acid.
Sürdürülebilir Gıda, Gıda Takviyesi ve Gıda Katkı Maddesi Üretiminde Alglerin Önemi
Authors: KUMKAPU Muazzez , ŞAHİN YEŞİLÇUBUK Neşe
Published: August 2023

Dünya nüfusunun hızla artması, çevresel bozulma, gıda kaynakları için rekabet ve tarımın uluslararası ekonomiye entegrasyonu gibi nedenler gıda sürdürülebilirliği için tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde potansiyel yeni gıda kaynağı arayışı ön plandadır. Bu noktada algler öne çıkmaktadır. Algler içeriğinde protein, çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri, polisakkarit, pigment, sterol, vitamin ve mineraller gibi önemli biyoaktif bileşenler bulundurmaktadır. Bu değerli biyoaktif bileşenlere ek olarak alglerin doğal ve sürdürülebilir gıda kaynağı olarak görülmesinin nedenleri arasında alglerin bölünerek çoğalıp hızla biyokütle oluşturmaları ve uygun koşullarda açık sistemler kullanılarak düşük maliyetlerle yetiştirilebilmesi gibi faktörlerde bulunmaktadır. Alglerin gıda olarak tüketimi özellikle Uzak Doğu’da geleneksel bir uygulama olmasına rağmen, günümüzde alglerin gıda endüstrisinde ticarileşme potansiyeli, alglerin gıda katkısı, gıda takviyesi veya gıda bileşeni olarak kullanılmalarıyla artmaktadır. Tüm bu bilgiler doğrultusunda alglerin gıda endüstrisindeki öneminin yakın gelecekte artması beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada biyoaktif bileşenler için potansiyel alg kaynakları, elde edilen ürünler ve günümüzdeki ticari üretimi konusunda bilgiler verilmiştir.
Parameters Variation to Estimate Performance Characteristics of 3-Phase Asynchronous Motor
Authors: Hikmat Elias Velar , Shaia Hanna Wafeeq
Published: August 2023

The 3-phase asynchronous squirrel cage motors (SCIM) are main competitor machines placed instead of other motors in the commercial and industrial fields. The stator and rotor material selection and construction topology influence the electrical machine design. The results illustrated with the motor of a 15KW, variable controlled speed, for the constant frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The motor parameters created inside the simulation model must be matched with the value of a standard parameter for SCIM to achieve a high dynamic response. This work examines the effect of the parameters variation for synchronous motor on the performance characteristics at starting point and at a load change for different time and speed regions. Changing of the rotor power is taken into consideration, this occurs with dynamic change of the hydraulic pump load from the valve.In the industrial applications, production,and manufacturing, till present there are still struggles to find the most holistic environment of the SCIM to achieve its efficiency at the lowest cost and same time control the motor performance, so we predicted the method of reducing the most effective motor parameters to improve the efficiency.The offline method used the SCIM parameters to calculate the time-varying current, torque, and rotor speed. The results illustrated that this method was fully consistent with the experiment tests and the standard theoretical values.A MATLAB program is used to simulate this study. The simulation model proved the feasibility of the proposed method with encouraging performance.