bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlak Pada Peserta Didik di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Mathla’ul Anwar Baros Cibadak
Authors: Wahyuni Siti , Abrori
Published: April 2024

Madrasah, as an Islamic educational institution, has a responsibility to equip students with a strong understanding of religion and good morals in accordance with Islamic values. However, the implementation of education in first-degree secondary schools is dominated by general lessons such as IPA and IPS compared to Islamic religious lessons in particular moral studies. Seeing the learning of ethics at the Tsanawiyah Mathla’ul Anwar Baros Cibadak Madrasah is an important step in shaping the character and morals of the pupils. This article aims to investigate how the teaching of equality has been applied in this madrasah with a focus on the pupils. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research that aims to find out how the implementation of Aqidah Akhlak learning at Mathla’ul Anwar Baros MTS Cibadak district of Lebak. The data collection method in this study uses the Observation, Interview, and Documentation methods used in ethical learning.
 
Kata Kunci  : Implementasi, Pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlak, Peserta didik.
 
 
Abstract:
This study seeks to see the implementation of learning subjects Aqidah akhlak, the focus of research is how the implementation of learning aqidah akhlak on students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Mathla'ul Anwar Baros Cibadak, how the results of implementation of learning aqidah akhlak on students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Mathla'ul Anwar Baros cibadak data collection methods in this study using the method of observation, interview, and documentation methods used in learning aqidah akhlak is the method of lectures, discussions and questions and answers. From the results of interviews with aqidah akhlak teachers that students are so enthusiastic in following this aqidah akhlak learning that students are able to implement this aqidah akhlak learning in their daily lives both in the school environment and outside the school environment.
 
Keywords:Implementation, learning Aqidah morals, learners.
PERSPECTIVES AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS FOR APPLICATION OF ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN DENTISTRY IN THE LIGHT OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Dikova Tsanka
Published: April 2024

Additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) offer a new approach for cost-effective production of goods and services and are therefore quite rightly included as part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0. Last years great attention is paid to the AMTs as technologies of the future development in many countries all over the world including the European Union. Depending on the availability of a good base of installed 3D printers and intellectual potential, the countries are divided into two groups: 1) leaders in the field of 3D printing technology and 2) countries with large bases of equipment, but lack of trained and qualified labor force. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the perspectives and development trends for application of additive technologies in modern dental medicine in the light of Industry 4.0. The constant development of AMTs will accelerate their implementation in various fields and in particular in medicine/dentistry. The 3D printing technologies are first applied in dentistry, due to the possibility for fabrication of individual dental constructions. Currently, almost all worldrenowned companies for production of dental materials and machines develop additive technologies and manufacture the corresponding equipment. According to the forecasts, the 3D printing is expected to be widely used in dental clinics and laboratories in the next 5-10 years. The additive technologies most often applied in dentistry include stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective electron beam melting, selective laser melting/sintering and ink-jet printing. The great variety of materials used in these processes allow constructions with different purposes to be made for all areas of dental medicine - surgery, oral implantology, conservative dentistry, orthodontics and prosthetic dentistry.
Politiser la sémiosphère : Juri Lotman et les études culturelles
Authors: Vokuev Nikolai
Published: April 2024

Le nom du sémioticien soviétique Juri Lotman, ainsi que la sémiotique de la culture de l’École de Tartu-Moscou en général, ne sont pas associés à la théorie critique. Les approches critiques visent à analyser la société contemporaine et sa transformation : les philosophes, comme le disait Marx, expliquent le monde, mais la tâche est de le changer. Dans la science soviétique, cependant, les postulats marxistes sont devenus des dogmes dont les sémioticiens ont voulu se libérer. Cette aspiration s’est incarnée non pas dans une critique du système existant, mais dans une coexistence presque escapiste avec celui-ci : les chercheurs ont abordé des questions historiques et créé un langage théorique difficile à comprendre, développant ainsi une science alternative au discours universitaire officiel. En partie à cause de cette incompatibilité de projets, la sémiotique de la culture a été ignorée par les études culturelles (cultural studies) politiquement engagées. Cependant, la sémiotique de la culture, en particulier le concept de sémiosphère de Lotman, a beaucoup en commun avec le discours critique des études culturelles. Dans cette optique, je place les idées de Lotman dans le contexte des tendances actuelles des études culturelles, ou « tournants culturels ». En comparant les études culturelles et la sémiotique de la culture de l’École de Tartu-Moscou, j’arrive à la conclusion que le politique a été refoulé du langage des sémioticiens soviétiques, et que le dialogue entre les deux traditions suppose de découvrir ce politique refoulé, notamment dans le concept de sémiosphère.
Méthode critique en études sémiotiques : programme pour un laboratoire disciplinaire
Authors: Levesque Simon
Published: April 2024

En partant du constat que les études sémiotiques peinent à faire valoir leur pertinence sociale, cet article propose de définir une voie pratique de valorisation : le laboratoire de recherche spécialisé. La question de l’autonomie disciplinaire est abordée d’un point de vue sociologique. Un pont est ensuite jeté entre les sciences naturelles et les sciences humaines et sociales. Le fonctionnement des sciences idéoscopiques et cénoscopiques est ensuite comparé et une solution de continuité entre elles est avancée. Sur cette base, le travail du laboratoire d’études sémiotiques est défini d’après l’exigence critique propre aux sciences cénoscopiques. L’auteur développe un programme méthodologique orienté en fonction d’une tâche unique : la correction des interprétants. Cette tâche unique régissant le travail du laboratoire devrait informer le patron de ses manoeuvres pour l’existence, étant entendu que les interprétants dominants déterminent, parmi la diversité des mondes d’expérience, le sens commun. La pertinence sociale du laboratoire d’études sémiotiques dépend de cette exigence critique.
Tacit Narratives in the Manuscript Collections of Matthew Parker and Robert Cotton
Authors: MacNeil Heather
Published: April 2024

Over the past two decades, the history of early modern archives has been a topic of considerable interest among historians, and their research has drawn attention to the complex motives and commitments that inspired individuals, communities, and institutions to create, collect, preserve, and use archives in the early modern period. Their research also offers insights into what Eric Ketelaar has called the “tacit narratives of power and knowledge” woven into the formation, preservation, and use of archives and opens up new avenues for exploring the social history of archives. The English Protestant Reformation has provided the backdrop for some of this work, highlighting the ways in which post-Reformation libraries functioned as “polemical weapons” in political and religious struggles to control the historical narrative about the roots of the Reformation. The libraries built by the antiquarian collectors Matthew Parker and Robert Cotton in the 16th and 17th centuries furnish useful examples of the kinds of tacit narratives embedded in the selection, preservation, and use of post-Reformation manuscript collections. This article draws on the research undertaken by early modern historians into the collecting and compiling practices underpinning the formation and use of the Parker and Cotton manuscript collections to demonstrate how their work is helping to illuminate the tacit narratives embedded in early modern archives as well as broadening and deepening the social history of archives.
Aboriginal Kinship Carers and Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Western Australia: Advancing Knowledge from an Indigenous and Disability Lens
Authors: Williams Robyn , Badry Dorothy E.
Published: April 2024

Children and youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have limited access to assessment, diagnostic, and treatment resources – a distinct disadvantage in meeting their care needs in Australia. Limited knowledge exists on the intersection of FASD, Indigeneity, racism, trauma, and child welfare involvement. Notably, the lack of support for children with FASD increases the risk of adverse outcomes, including incarceration, homelessness, mental health problems, and early mortality. Children with FASD are often cared for in the child protection system by kinship carers, many without a diagnosis or the benefits of FASD informed care. Rarely considered is the Australian response to FASD or the Aboriginal worldview on disability. Qualitative research was utilized to conduct semi-structured interviews with six carers of Indigenous children with FASD–three foster carers and three relative or kinship carers. Seven core themes identified by carers included: FASD awareness, caregiver health, advocacy for the child, mothers of the children with FASD, loss and grief experienced by the carer, social costs, and children in child protection care. Carers identified that limited resources existed to address the disabilities and care needs of children, including training and respite. Financial disparity exists with relative carers receiving less income than foster carers. Carers demonstrated advocacy, resiliency, and resourcefulness in providing care. A lack of knowledge of FASD and core resources in child welfare services were identified as major challenges in providing care. This research examined the caregiving experiences of foster and Aboriginal kinship carers, caring for children with FASD in child protection.
Katalikiškasis pedagoginis pašaukimas: metodologiniai metmenys
Authors: Danilevičius Eugenijus
Published: April 2024

Tarpdisciplininėje mokslo monografijoje pateikiami pagrindiniai tyrimo rezultatai, gauti apibendrinus pedagogikos, psichologijos, krikščioniškosios antropologijos, personalizmo filosofinės krypties ir teologijos įžvalgas apie žmogiškąjį asmenį ir pašaukimo fenomeną: sukurti Katalikiškojo pedagoginio pašaukimo metodologiniai metmenys; išskirtas katalikiškojo pedagoginio pašaukimo pagrindas – dviejų laisvių meilės dialogas; apibūdintas tarpasmenis Meilės dialogas kaip katalikiškojo pedagoginio pašaukimo esminis elementas; apibrėžtas pedagoginio pašaukimo raiškos kontekstas – katalikiškoji pedagogika; išskirtas esminis pašaukimų pedagogikos ir katalikiškojo pedagoginio pašaukimo metodologinių pagrindų komponentas – personalizmas; apibūdintas mokytojo katalikiškasis pedagoginis pašaukimas kaip atsakas šiuolaikiniams kultūriniams globalizmo iššūkiams.
Azerbaijani-Persian relations in 1918-1920: from territorial claims to diplomacy
Authors: Davydova Tatiana
Published: April 2024

The article examines the development of Azerbaijani-Persian relations in 1918–1920, when a newly formed state called Azerbaijan Democratic Republic appeared on the world map. Before the declaration of independence, the territory of Azerbaijan was a part of the Russian Empire, which received Azerbaijani lands as a result of the Russian-Persian wars in the first half of the 19th century. The Turkmenchay Treaty of 1828 defined the border separating Azerbaijan and Armenia from Persia and consolidated the division of Azerbaijan between the Russian Empire and Persia. As a result, the territory of Azerbaijan was divided into two parts - northern and southern, called Caucasian and Persian Azerbaijan respectively. The article is an attempt to fill the gap in the analysis of Azerbaijani-Persian relations in 1918-1920 in the domestic science. Historical, narrative and system methods were used as the main methods in the work on the article. The relevance of the article is conditioned by the possibility of revision of international treaties of historical significance. In particular, modern Iran has started revising the Turkmenchay Treaty of 1828. The revision of previously of earlier treaties may pose a threat to regional international relations and alter the territorial integrity of the states involved in the process. Understanding the historical development of the countries is important for building a foreign policy line at the present stage, including for Russia. Based on an analysis of foreign policy documents of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the author comes to the conclusion that Azerbaijani-Persian relations were ambiguous: if initially Persia declared its territorial claims to Azerbaijani lands, then Persia’s policy soon turned in the opposite direction, and the countries signed a number of agreements on foreign policy cooperation. The most important result of bilateral cooperation was the de jure recognition of Azerbaijan by Persia.
Branded content en el metaverso. Análisis de las acciones de las organizaciones destacadas en la primera Guía de Metaverso y Branded Content
Authors: Moreno-Albarracín Belén
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Facebook ahora es Meta. La Universidad Europea ha comenzado a celebrar eventos científicos en su propio metaverso. Los videojuegos ofrecen premios reales con el modelo “Play to Earn”. Tres hechos que reflejan la relevancia social que están adquiriendo los universos digitales, configurándose además como herramientas útiles para la comunicación organizacional. En el metaverso, formatos publicitarios convencionales conviven con acciones centradas en el usuario que carecen de limitaciones creativas. Objetivo: ¿En qué elementos se basa el storytelling transmitido? ¿Con qué intención? ¿En qué plataforma se realiza? Considerando estas preguntas de investigación, el presente estudio se plantea con el objetivo principal de analizar las acciones de branded content desarrolladas en el metaverso por las ocho marcas destacadas en la primera Guía Legal de Metaverso y Branded Content, publicada por la Branded Content Marketing Association (BCMA) en 2022. Metodología: Se aplica un análisis de contenido descriptivo que incluye variables como la intención del discurso, la integración de los productos o el enfoque de la acción. Resultados: Se registra una tendencia a la gamificación de la publicidad, mediante el diseño de universos de marca que integran la simbología organizacional y que, más que contenido promocional, ofrecen experiencias participativas al usuario. Limitación: Se destaca el tamaño reducido de la muestra y, como futura línea de investigación, se propone un estudio de percepción del usuario, evaluando la influencia ejercida por los vínculos virtuales usuario-marca en las respuestas de la audiencia hacia las marcas en el mundo real. Contribución: La contribución y originalidad de este estudio radica en cubrir un vacío académico, caracterizado por la escasez de estudios enfocados en las acciones de branded content que las marcas implementan en el metaverso, considerando la relevancia de este nuevo contexto digital desde un enfoque comunicacional.
Pharyngeal Mechanosensory Neurons Control Food Swallow in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Qin Jierui , Yang Tingting , Li Kexin , Liu Ting , Zhang Wei
Published: April 2024

As the early step of food ingestion, the swallow is under rigorous sensorimotor control. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying swallow control at a molecular and circuitry level remain largely unknown. Here, we find that mutation of the mechanotransduction channel genes
nompC
,
Tmc,
or
piezo
impairs the regular pumping rhythm of the cibarium during feeding of the fruit fly
Drosophila melanogaster
. A group of multi-dendritic mechanosensory neurons, which co-express the three channels, wrap the cibarium and are crucial for coordinating the filling and emptying of the cibarium. Inhibition of them causes difficulty in food emptying in the cibarium, while their activation leads to difficulty in cibarium filling. Synaptic and functional connections are detected between the pharyngeal mechanosensory neurons and the motor circuit that controls swallow. This study elucidates the role of mechanosensation in swallow, and provides insights for a better understanding of the neural basis of food swallow.
Large-scale deorphanization of Nematostella vectensis neuropeptide GPCRs supports the independent expansion of bilaterian and cnidarian peptidergic systems
Authors: Thiel Daniel , Yañez-Guerra Luis Alfonso , Kieswetter Amanda , Cole Alison G. , Temmerman Liesbet , Technau Ulrich , Jékely Gáspár
Published: April 2024

Neuropeptides are ancient signaling molecules in animals but only few peptide receptors are known outside bilaterians. Cnidarians possess a large number of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) – the most common receptors of bilaterian neuropeptides – but most of these remain orphan with no known ligands. We searched for neuropeptides in the sea anemone
Nematostella vectensis
and created a library of 64 peptides derived from 33 precursors. In a large-scale pharmacological screen with these peptides and 161
N. vectensis
GPCRs, we identified 31 receptors specifically activated by one of 14 peptides. Mapping GPCR and neuropeptide expression to single-cell sequencing data revealed how cnidarian tissues are extensively wired by multilayer peptidergic networks. Phylogenetic analysis identified no direct orthology to bilaterian peptidergic systems and supports the independent expansion of neuropeptide signaling in cnidarians from a few ancestral peptide-receptor pairs.
Neuron-specific RNA-sequencing reveals different responses in peripheral neurons after nerve injury
Authors: Bolívar S , Sanz E , Ovelleiro D , Zochodne DW , Udina E
Published: April 2024

Peripheral neurons are heterogeneous and functionally diverse, but all share the capability to switch to a pro-regenerative state after nerve injury. Despite the assumption that the injury response is similar among neuronal subtypes, functional recovery may differ. Understanding the distinct intrinsic regenerative properties between neurons may help to improve the quality of regeneration, prioritizing the growth of axon subpopulations to their targets. Here, we present a comparative analysis of regeneration across four key peripheral neuron populations: motoneurons, proprioceptors, cutaneous mechanoreceptors, and nociceptors. Using Cre/Ai9 mice that allow fluorescent labelling of neuronal subtypes, we found that nociceptors showed the greater regeneration after a sciatic crush, followed by motoneurons, mechanoreceptors and, finally, proprioceptors. By breeding these Cre mice with Ribotag mice, we isolated specific translatomes and defined the regenerative response of these neuronal subtypes after axotomy. Only 20% of the regulated genes were common, revealing a diverse response to injury among neurons, which was also supported by the differential influence of neurotrophins among neuron subtypes. Among differentially regulated genes, we proposed MED12 as a specific regulator of the regeneration of proprioceptors. Altogether, we demonstrate that the intrinsic regenerative capacity differs between peripheral neuron subtypes, opening the door to selectively modulate these responses.
Altered firing output of VIP interneurons and early dysfunctions in CA1 hippocampal circuits in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Michaud Felix , Francavilla Ruggiero , Topolnik Dimitry , Iloun Parisa , Tamboli Suhel , Calon Frederic , Topolnik Lisa
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) leads to progressive memory decline, and alterations in hippocampal function are among the earliest pathological features observed in human and animal studies. GABAergic interneurons (INs) within the hippocampus coordinate network activity, among which type 3 interneuron-specific (I-S3) cells expressing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and calretinin play a crucial role. These cells provide primarily disinhibition to principal excitatory cells (PCs) in the hippocampal CA1 region, regulating incoming inputs and memory formation. However, it remains unclear whether AD pathology induces changes in the activity of I-S3 cells, impacting the hippocampal network motifs. Here, using young adult 3xTg-AD mice, we found that while the density and morphology of IS-3 cells remain unaffected, there were significant changes in their firing output. Specifically, I-S3 cells displayed elongated action potentials and decreased firing rates, which was associated with a reduced inhibition of CA1 INs and their higher recruitment during spatial decision-making and object exploration tasks. Furthermore, the activation of CA1 PCs was also impacted, signifying early disruptions in CA1 network functionality. These findings suggest that altered firing patterns of I-S3 cells might initiate early-stage dysfunction in hippocampal CA1 circuits, potentially influencing the progression of AD pathology.
The SagA of E. faecium
Authors: Prasad Rishika , Jenq Robert R
Published: April 2024

An enzyme that remodels the cell wall of Enterococcus faecium helps these gut bacteria to divide and generate peptide fragments that enhance the immune response against cancer.
Multi-classification of disease induced in plant leaf using chronological Flamingo search optimization with transfer learning
Authors: Chilakalapudi Malathi , Jayachandran Sheela
Published: April 2024

Agriculture is imperative research in visual detection through computers. Here, the disease in plants can distress the quality and cultivation of farming. Earlier detection of disease lessens economic losses and provides better crop yield. Detection of disease from crops manually is an expensive and time-consuming task. A new scheme is devised for accomplishing multi-classification of disease using plant leaf images considering the chronological Flamingo search algorithm (CFSA) with transfer learning (TL). The leaf image undergoes pre-processing using Adaptive Anisotropic diffusion to discard noise. Here, the segmentation of plant leaf is done with U-Net++, and trained by the Moving Gorilla Remora algorithm (MGRA). The image augmentation is further applied considering two techniques namely position augmentation and color augmentation to reduce data dimensionality. Thereafter the feature mining is done to produce crucial features. Next, the classification in terms of the first level is considered for classifying plant type and classification in terms of the second level is done to categorize disease using convolutional neural network (CNN)-based TL with LeNet and it undergoes training using CFSA. The CFSA-TL-based CNN with LeNet provided better accuracy of 95.7%, sensitivity of 96.5% and specificity of 94.7%. Thus, this model is better for earlier plant leaf disease detection.
HSP90B1 regulates autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, mediating HNSC biological behaviors
Authors: Li Chao , Lin Xiaoyu , Su Jiping
Published: April 2024

Background

Autophagy, a crucial cellular mechanism, facilitates the degradation and removal of misfolded proteins and impaired organelles. Recent research has increasingly highlighted the intimate connection between autophagy and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the context of tumor development. However, the specific role and underlying mechanisms of heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 (HSP90B1) in modulating autophagy within head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain elusive.

Methods

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression in HNSC cell lines and tissues. The relationship between HSP90B1 and clinicopathologic features was explored based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data and IHC results. The biological functions of HSP90B1 were analyzed through in vitro and in vivo models to evaluate proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy. The mechanisms of HSP90B1 were studied using bioinformatics and WB.

Results

HSP90B1 was upregulated in HNSC cells and tissues. High HSP90B1 levels were associated with T-stage, M-stage, clinical stage, and poor prognosis in HNSC patients. Functionally, HSP90B1 promotes HNSC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibits apoptosis. We discovered that HSP90B1 obstructs autophagy and advances HNSC progression through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates that HSP90B1 is highly expressed in HNSC. Furthermore, HSP90B1 may regulate autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, mediating HNSC cell biological behaviors. These provide new insights into potential biomarkers and targets for HNSC therapy.
Desenvolvimento de uma bancada automatizada de teste de medidores eletrônicos de energia elétrica com aplicação de inteligência artificial na aferição da calibração
Authors: Oliveira Gelcimar Ribeiro , Marinelli Filho Nelson , Guimarães Gil Eduardo , Leite Jandecy Cabral
Published: April 2024

Este artigo trata de toda a jornada de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de uma bancada automatizada de aferição de medidores eletrônicos de energia elétrica (Dispositivo) e foi realizada a partir do escopo dos projetos desta classe para as indústrias que estão sob a jurisdição da SUFRAMA, no Polo Industrial de Manaus. Em seus capítulos iniciais se estabeleceu a construção de sua fundamentação em termos da importância deste tema, como uma pesquisa de construção tecnológica que merecesse o relato e a publicação, as suas implicações e como esta pesquisa deveria ser realizada, com todo o cuidado metodológico necessário e ao mesmo tempo cumprir os objetivos de entrega do projeto de pesquisa e desenvolvimento contratado. A aplicação do conceito de NPI (New Product Introduction) foi fundamental nesta entrega. Nos capítulos intermediários foram apresentados todos os passos para a construção do sistema, destacando os pontos de atenção de sua configuração experimental (parâmetros, variáveis e lógicas específicas) e depois o seu extenso trabalho de configuração de valores no desdobramento do programa de computador. Todos estes conjuntos quando reunidos resultaram em um sistema funcional com os seus três principais componentes de operação funcionais e validados: a rede de comunicação RS485, a comunicação com a fonte trifásica e todo o circuito de teste do Dispositivo. Este é um conjunto de resultados significativos porque, além da entrega da construção tecnológica esperada, se têm um sistema capaz de inferir a partir de comparações sobre as possibilidades de erro em cada teste, tomar a decisão de repetição, ou separação do componente e, tudo isso em um ambiente de gestão de dados totalmente rastreável capaz de fomentar o aprendizado de padrões mais complexos.
Demographic Characteristics of Members of Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) in Effectiveness of Group Dynamics and their Perceived Constraints in Lower Brahmaputra Valley Zone of Assam, India
Authors: Singha Amrita , Sharma J.K. , Singha A.K.
Published: April 2024

The present study to investigate demographic profile of FPOs members in the effectiveness of group dynamics and their perceived constraints was conducted in Lower Brahmaputra Valley Zone (LBVZ) of Assam comprising six districts viz., Kamrup, Bongaigaon, Nalbari, Chirang, Barpeta and Goalpara. In doing so, it utilized the descriptive research design following an ex-post-facto approach to fulfil the objectives of the study. A total of eight FPOs promoted by Assam Agricultural University through CBBO-AAU and World Bank supported APART project were selected purposively. From each FPO, 15 active members were approached for data collection through personal interview method during 2022, which made 120 as final size of sample. The analysis of profile characteristics of the respondents revealed that majority of the respondents (FPOs members) in study areas were middle aged (66.67%) between 29 to 50 years with education level from high school to graduate/ above (80.83%), 64.17 percent were from small family size upto 4 members, 90.83 percent of the respondents had medium level of annual income (i.e. Rs 33190-379866.6), 46.67 percent had medium level of socio- political participation and 38.33 percent low and 35.83 percent high levels of  material possession. The study also found that lack of co-ordination for different group activities, ineffective linkage and ineffective monitoring, lack of professional management, non-availability of timely credit and inadequate access to credit, weak financial position, absence of adequate market  linkage, lack of storage facilities, distance from existing markets, lack of market information, lack of marketing knowledge and skills and difficulty in getting skilled labour were the perceived problems faced by FPO members in effective functioning of FPOs.
Physicochemical and Bacteriological Analyses of Eniong River Water and Sediment in Southern Nigeria
Authors: R. C. Egbomuche, , U. N. Ekwenye, , G. E. Udofia, , I. K. Anosike, , U. E. Etang, , N. G. Akpan , O.K. Fatunla
Published: April 2024

The diversity of bacteria in freshwater is influenced by some important physicochemical factors and autotrophic nutrients. Their diversity can be employed as a sensitive pollution indicator in the environment and change because bacteria respond quickly to changes in the ecosystem. Analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of humic freshwater and sediment was carried out on samples from three (3) geo-referenced sections of Eniong River, AkwaIbom State designated ST3 (Upstream), ST2 (Midstream) and ST1 (Downstream) using standard analytical methods. The results obtained were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV) standards. The study revealed that thesamples had a mean heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.95±0.41 log10 CFU/g and heavy pollution with faecal bacteria such as (4.31±2.51 log10CFU/g TCC and 5.19 ±0.33 log10CFU/g FCC), including mean counts of Staphylococcus spp (5.90±1.16log10CFU/g), Vibrio spp (.21±1.04 log10CFU/g), Salmonella-Shigella (3.15±0.33 log10CFU/g), and Actinomycetes (3.29±2.49 log10CFU/g) that considerably exceeded the recommended range of WHO/FMENV for portability. The most abundance bacteria in were Bacillus subtilis, S. aureus and Shigella spp (55.6%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella, Nocardia sp, Proteus sp., Staphylococcu sspp, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Enterococcus faecalis with a prevalence rate of 44.4%. The results showed the mean DO (7.67±0.037 mg/ml)), EC (85.07±0.52 μS/cm) and temperature (27.480C±0.049) of Eniong river water were within acceptable standard values while TSS (12.5 mg/ml) and TDS (19.0±1.30 mg/ml) values were not. Also, Pb, Cd, Vn, Ni and Cu recorded higher values while the concentrations of Fe2+, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were remarkably low in both water and sediment. The mean pH of the river and sediment were 6.48±0.018 and 6.42±0.019, respectively. Similarly, among the anionic surfactant, the mean values for nitrate, carbonate and sulphate were higher in sediment than in water, while carbonate was not detected in water. The findings imply that the quality of Eniong River water and sediment is heavily compromised. Therefore, the creation of awareness on the importance of water safety and hygiene, regular monitoring of drinking water quality and enforcement of compliance with the standards by regulatory agencies are recommended to eschew possible health hazards.
Pattern of Arrhythmia among Hypertensive Patients in South-South, Nigeria: A 24-H Ambulatory ECG (Holter ECG) Study
Authors: Nwafor Chibuike Eze , Briggs Otonye
Published: April 2024

Background: Regular 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) often fail to detect cardiac conduction abnormalities. Among hypertensive patients, conduction irregularities such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are recognized occurrences and these can be intermittent or asymptomatic. This study aims to evaluate the conduction abnormalities identified among hypertensives by Holter ECG in a private medical facility in South-South, Nigeria.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of five hundred and thirteen patients consisting of 255 males and 258 females Holter ECG who presented at a private medical facility from January 2015- December 2016. Holter ECG data was acquired using Schiller type (MT-101) Holter ECG Machine.
Results: Out of the 370 hypertensive patients reviewed, with a mean age of 55.18 ±.14.78, 205(55.41%) had tachycardia, 180(48.65%) had bradycardia, 184(49.73%) had ventricular ectopics while 169(45.68%) had supraventricular ectopics. The most common clinical indication was palpitation 150 (40.54%). The most prevalent age group was 41-60 years; 230 (44.83%) as compared to other age groups in the study.  Tachycardia was the most common type of arrhythmia among the subjects. There was a higher incidence of arrhythmias in the female subjects than in the male. 
Conclusion: Tachycardia and ventricular ectopics were the most common conduction abnormalities observed. Beta blockers and anti-arrhythmics would be helpful for optimization of cardiovascular care. Holter ECG is beneficial in describing and characterizing arrhythmias in hypertensive patients in this population therefore, further studies on larger populations and diverse disease conditions are advocated.
Analysis of the Effects of Money Market Fund Mobilization on the Dynamics of Nigerian Economic Growth
Authors: Kehinde Osamo Caleb , Nwankwo Odi , Adeyeye Awogbemi Clement , Okeke Charles Chinenye
Published: April 2024

Economic growth is a function of some productive efforts among which savings mobilizations is considered very vital. This study examines savings mobilization strategy and its impact on Nigeria’s economic growth during the year 2001-2022.This is vested with the objectives to investigate the effect of banking density, savings rates and money supply on  economic growth. The study relies on time series data sourced from the publication of the Central Bank of Nigeria. Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate (GDPGR) was adopted as dependent variable, while Banking Density (BD), Savings Rates (SR) and Money Supply (MS) were the independent variables. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test was employed, to test the stationarity. The Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ADRL) was used to ascertain the relationship between the variables alongside Vector Error Correction Model (VCM). Post estimation diagnostic tools used include Breuch-Godfrey serial correlation LM test and the CUSUM test for stability. From the ARDL, β-coefficient and the associated probabilities were adopted to determine the extent and direction of relationship on economic growth. Data were tested at 5% level of significance; it was discovered that banking density and savings rates affected economic growth positively but with insignificant effects, while money supply affected economic growth negatively with insignificant effect. The study therefore recommends amongst others, that stakeholders, be directed towards entrenching higher banking density as opposed to banking desert, and that money supply should be made dynamic in accordance with economic realities.
Impact of Micronutrients and Plant Growth Regulators on Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Growth, Yield and Quality
Authors: Afrin Sadia , Islam Nazrul , Mustaki Sika , Araf Tafsin , Choudhury Shormin
Published: April 2024

The present research work conducted to find out the effect of plant growth regulators and micronutrients on growth, yield, and quality of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under open field condition. The experiment was designed in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The experiment was conducted on Horticulture farm at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University; Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2022 to June 2023. The experimental treatments included three levels of PGR i.e. No PGR, 200 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3) and 100 ppm Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and three levels of micronutrients i.e.no micronutrients, 200 ppm Boron and 200 ppm Zn. The treatments had a substantial effect on growth, yield, and quality of Brinjal. GA3 treated plants performed better than NAA and no PGR treated plants and Zn produced higher yields and quality than Boron and no micronutrients treated plants in most of the parameters. Considering treatment combination of PGR and micronutrients, plant height, leaf area (471.33 cm2), SPAD value (52.95), number of flowers plant-1 (65.33), number of fruits plant-1 (58.38), yield plant-1  (3312.8g), lipid (0.35%) were observed highest from the treatment combination of 200 ppm GA3 with 200 ppm Zinc whereas dry weight of whole plant (158.80 g), individual fruit weight (67.33g) and  fiber (12.28%) were observed from the treatment combination of 100 ppm NAA with 200 ppm zinc but in case of number of branch (14.00) and Ash (8.44%) were observed  from the treatment of 100 ppm NAA application . Maximum parameter showed lowest value under no treatment combination. This study suggests that foliar application of GA3 with micronutrients such as Zinc during flowering stage of eggplant is the most effective strategy for improving the nutritional quality of Brinjal fruits and increasing crop yields, both of which will help to reduce micronutrient malnutrition and hunger worldwide.
Insights into Genetic Variability Parameters and Character Association among Agro-morphological and Biochemical Traits in Little Millet (Panicum sumatrense Roth. Ex. Roem and Schultz)
Authors: Tejashwini B. , Radhika K. , Ganapathy K. N. , Venkateswarlu R. , Rajendrakumar P.
Published: April 2024

A set of 64 little millet genotypes was evaluated for their genetic variability parameters, principal components, and their contribution to total variance using seven agro-morphological and four biochemical traits in alpha lattice design with two replications. The mean performance revealed the presence of substantial variability for the characters studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) estimated ranged from 18.28% to 43.75% and 10.06% to 42.75%, respectively. Even though PCV was found to be significantly greater than GCV for the number of tillers, a slightly higher PCV over GCV was observed for all the other traits, suggesting a limited environmental influence for the majority of the traits. High heritability was observed for all agro-morphological and biochemical traits (84.00-94.00%), except for the number of tillers (42.00%), which exhibited moderate heritability. Genetic advance as a percentage of mean (GAM) was high for most of the traits, viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, single plant yield, test weight, grain protein, iron, zinc, and calcium contents. suggesting the predominance of additive gene action and the greater possibility of genetic improvement through simple phenotypic selection. Majority of the contribution towards the total divergence by days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, single plant yield, and grain calcium content coupled with significant and positive correlations of majority of grain yield components with grain yield suggested that these traits are the key drivers of variability that could be exploited through a little millet improvement program.
Automated Marking System for Essay Questions
Authors: Obot Okure U. , Obike Peter , James Imaobong
Published: April 2024

The stress of marking assessment scripts of many candidates often results in fatigue that could lead to low productivity and reduced consistency. In most cases, candidates use words, phrases and sentences that are synonyms or related in meaning to those stated in the marking scheme, however, examiners rely solely on the exact words specified in the marking scheme. This often leads to inconsistent grading and in most cases, candidates are disadvantaged. This study seeks to address these inconsistencies during assessment by evaluating the marked answer scripts and the marking scheme of Introduction to File Processing (CSC 221) from the Department of Computer Science, University of Uyo, Nigeria. These were collected and used with the Microsoft Research Paraphrase (MSRP) corpus. After preprocessing the datasets, they were subjected to Logistic Regression (LR), a machine learning technique where the semantic similarity of the answers of the candidates was measured in relation to the marking scheme of the examiner using the MSRP corpus model earlier trained on the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization. Results of the experiment show a strong correlation coefficient of 0.89 and a Mean Relative Error (MRE) of 0.59 compared with the scores awarded by the human marker (examiner). Analysis of the error indicates that block marks were assigned to answers in the marking scheme while the automated marking system breaks the block marks into chunks based on phrases both in the marking scheme and the candidates’ answers. It also shows that some semantically related words were ignored by the examiner.
EPG and Pasture Larval Count of Gastrointestinal Nematodes are Strongly Influenced by Weather Parameters: Empirical Evidence from Parbhani Marathwada
Authors: Zade T. S. , Kalwaghe S.T. , Narladkar B.W. , Chigure G.M. , Bhangale G. N.
Published: April 2024

Aims: the present study was aimed to develop a bioclimato of gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle in Marathwada region of Maharashtra.
Study Design:  A standard protocol as per published reports was followed for recording of prevalence of GI nematodes from cattle.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at livestock instructional farm of College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Parbhani during the period February 2022 to January, 2023.
Methodology: In all total 253 faecal samples were collected from calves and adult cattle belonging to RK instructional farm, COVAS, Parbhani. Sample collection and processing was done by following standard parasitological procedures and only fresh fecal droppings were used for the laboratory investigation.
Results: The study conducted on availability of larvae on pasture revealed the overall prevalence of 61 percent (87 pasture were positive out of 143 examined).  The PLC analysis showed the highest distribution of larvae on pasture during winter season i.e. 57.81 %, followed by monsoon season i.e. 57.81 % and 00.0% during summer season. The Pasture larval count observed during different seasons was 23.83, 33.07 and 0.00 per 100 gm, respectively. The abstract information drawn from the bioclimatos plotted for 2000-2021 and its validation with  real time data of 2022 ( Feb 2022-Jan 2023) was a) Suitable months for survival of  Heamonchus and Oesophagostomum infective larvae on the pasture of the grazing land in year 2022-2023 were Jan - March and  June – September and for  Trichostrongylus  Jan – March  and October 2022- January 2023 and b)The climatic data and Bioclimato were plotted from year 2000-2021 and 2022+January 2023 showed the correlation between EPG and PLC.
Conclusion: The bioclimatos can be developed and utilized according the regional agro-climatic variations and be useful for devising controlmeasures against gastrointestinal nematodes of livestock.
Consideration of Detection Range Test Results of Missile Approach Warning Equipment using UAV
Authors: Lee Byeongheon , Kwon Jaeeon , Kim Youngil , Lee Sungil , Lee Cheong , Hur Jangwook
Published: April 2024

Aircraft's operational effectiveness is reduced due to threats from enemy anti-aircraft weapons, which is a weak point. In particular, guided missiles, which pose a threat to aircraft, are rapidly developing due to technological advancements in seekers, and are classified as one of the important technologies in weapon systems. Missile approach warning equipment installed to ensure aircraft survivability detects guided missiles and provides relevant information to respond. Tests were conducted domestically to verify the detection level of missile approach warning equipment, and test results were presented under various test conditions.
Display Technology
Authors: Theis Dietmar
Published: April 2008

The article contains sections titled:

1.Introduction2.Display Categories3.Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs)3.1.Color CRTs3.2.Electron Optics3.3.Phosphors3.4.Trends4.Flat Panels and Matrix Addressing4.1.Light‐Generating (Active) Displays4.1.1.Gas Discharge4.1.1.1.Alternating‐Current Plasma Displays4.1.1.2.Plasma Display Addressing4.1.1.3.Remaining Problems for Plasma Displays4.1.2.Cathodoluminescence4.1.2.1.Vacuum Fluorescence Displays (VFDs)4.1.2.2.Field‐Emission Displays (FEDs)4.1.3.Electroluminescence4.1.3.1.Visible Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)4.1.3.2.Organic and Polymer Light Emitting Diodes4.1.3.3.Electroluminescence in Inorganic Materials4.2.Light Modulating (Passive) Displays4.2.1.Liquid Crystal Displays4.2.1.1.Fundamental Operation4.2.1.2.Simple Matrix‐Addressed LCDs4.2.1.3.Novel Addressing Schemes for Direct‐Addressed STN LCDs4.2.2.Reflective LCDs for Low‐Power Systems4.2.2.1.Reflective LCDs with Polarizers4.2.2.2.Polarizer‐Free Reflective LCDs4.2.3.Bistable Liquid Crystal Devices4.2.4.Active Matrix‐Addressed Liquid Crystal Displays (AMLCDs)4.2.4.1.Fundamental Properties4.2.4.2.Manufacturing Issues4.2.4.3.Viewing Angle Improvements4.2.4.4.System Performance4.2.4.5.Large Area Liquid Crystal Displays4.2.5.Microparticle‐Based Displays4.2.5.1.Electrophoretic Displays4.2.5.2.Rotating Ball Displays (Gyricon)4.2.6.Direct View Microelectromechanical Systems5.Projection Displays5.1.Projection CRT5.2.Liquid Crystal Projection5.2.1.Transmissive Projection LCDs5.2.2.Reflective Projection LCDs5.3.Micromechanical Light Valve Projection
Coagulative stability of miniemulsion droplets
Authors: Sood Ashwini
Published: April 2008

Miniemulsion droplets were stabilized with a mixed emulsifier system consisting of an anionic surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and a costabilizer, which is typically a low‐water‐soluble, long‐chain alkane or alcohol such as hexadecane or hexadecanol. The surfactant, anionic in nature, provided an electrostatic barrier against coagulation, and the costabilizer retarded molecular diffusion of the monomer or Ostwald ripening. The coagulation mechanism operative for the stabilization of the miniemulsion droplets is theoretically considered here. The understanding provides insight into the role of the surfactant. The fate of the miniemulsion droplets during the course of polymerization is also discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable aromatic–aliphatic poly(ester amide)s containing ethylene oxide moieties
Authors: Wang Lingyun , Wang Yingjun , Ren Li
Published: April 2008

A series of novel biodegradable aromatic– aliphatic poly(ester amide)s containing approximately equal amounts of amide and ester groups were successfully prepared through the interfacial polycondensation of 1,6‐hexanediamine and aromatic diacylchlorides containing ethylene oxide moieties. The structure of the poly(ester amide)s was verified by Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectra. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis measurements demonstrated that the obtained polymers were amorphous and stable up to 300°C under nitrogen. The synthesized poly(ester amide)s showed good hydrophilicity and took up water in amounts up to 50% of their weights when exposed to a humid atmosphere. Under physiological conditions, the poly(ester amide)s were hydrolysable in a rapid and steady way. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008