bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Report from the 29th Meeting on Toxinology, “Toxins: From the Wild to the Lab”, Organized by the French Society of Toxinology on 30 November–1 December 2023
Authors: Marchot Pascale , Fajloun Ziad , Legros Christian , Benoit Évelyne , Diochot Sylvie
Published: March 2024

The French Society of Toxinology (SFET), which celebrated its 30th anniversary this year, organized its 29th annual Meeting (RT29), shared by 87 participants, on 30 November–1 December 2023. The RT29 main theme, “Toxins: From the Wild to the Lab”, focused on research in the field of animal venoms and animal, bacterial, fungal, or plant toxins, from their discovery in nature to their study in the laboratory. The exploration of the functions of toxins, their structures, their molecular or cellular ligands, their mode of action, and their potential therapeutic applications were emphasized during oral communications and posters through three sessions, of which each was dedicated to a secondary theme. A fourth, “miscellaneous” session allowed participants to present recent out-of-theme works. The abstracts of nine invited and 15 selected lectures, those of 24 posters, and the names of the Best Oral Communication and Best Poster awardees, are presented in this report.
Regular Friedmann Universes and Matter Transformations
Authors: Kamenshchik Alexander , Petriakova Polina
Published: March 2024

We apply a very simple procedure to construct non-singular cosmological models for flat Friedmann universes filled with minimally coupled scalar fields or by tachyon Born–Infeld-type fields. Remarkably, for the minimally coupled scalar field and the tachyon field, the regularity of the cosmological evolution, or in other words, the existence of bounce, implies the necessity of the transition between scalar fields with standard kinetic terms to those with phantom ones. In both cases, the potentials in the vicinity of the point of the transition have a non-analyticity of the cusp form that is characterized by the same exponent and is equal to 23. If, in the tachyon model’s evolution, the pressure changes its sign, then another transformation of the Born–Infeld-type field occurs: the tachyon transforms into a pseudotachyon, and vice versa. We also undertake an analysis of the stability of the cosmological evolution in our models; we rely on the study of the speed of sound squared.
Constraining the Initial Mass Function in the Epoch of Reionization from Astrophysical and Cosmological Data
Authors: Lapi Andrea , Gandolfi Giovanni , Boco Lumen , Gabrielli Francesco , Massardi Marcella , Haridasu Balakrishna S. , Baccigalupi Carlo , Bressan Alessandro , Danese Luigi
Published: March 2024

We aim to constrain the stellar initial mass function (IMF) during the epoch of reionization. To this purpose, we build up a semi-empirical model for the reionization history of the Universe based on various ingredients: the latest determination of the UV galaxy luminosity function from JWST out to redshift z≲12; data-inferred and simulation-driven assumptions on the redshift-dependent escape fraction of ionizing photons from primordial galaxies; a simple yet flexible parameterization of the IMF ϕ(m⋆)∼m⋆ξe−m⋆,c/m⋆ in terms of a high-mass end slope ξ<0 and a characteristic mass m⋆,c, below which a flattening or a bending sets in (allowing description of a variety of IMF shapes from the classic Salpeter to top-heavy ones); the PARSEC stellar evolution code to compute the UV and ionizing emission from different stars’ masses as a function of age and metallicity; and a few physical constraints related to stellar and galaxy formation in faint galaxies at the reionization redshifts. We then compare our model outcomes with the reionization observables from different astrophysical and cosmological probes and perform Bayesian inference on the IMF parameters via a standard MCMC technique. We find that the IMF slope ξ is within the range from −2.8 to −2.3, consistent with direct determination from star counts in the Milky Way, while appreciably flatter slopes are excluded at great significance. However, the bestfit value of the IMF characteristic mass m⋆,c∼a few M⊙ implies a suppression in the formation of small stellar masses at variance with the IMF in the local Universe. This may be induced by the thermal background of ∼20–30 K provided by CMB photons at the reionization redshifts. We check that our results are robust against different parameterizations for the redshift evolution of the escape fraction. Finally, we investigate the implications of our reconstructed IMF for the recent JWST detections of massive galaxies at and beyond the reionization epoch, showing that any putative tension with the standard cosmological framework is substantially alleviated.
Viral Epitope Scanning Reveals Correlation between Seasonal HCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses among Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients
Authors: Lidenge Salum J. , Yalcin Dicle , Bennett Sydney J. , Ngalamika Owen , Kweyamba Brenda B. , Mwita Chacha J. , Tso For Yue , Mwaiselage Julius , West John T. , Wood Charles
Published: March 2024

Seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known to contribute to cross-reactive antibody (Ab) responses against SARS-CoV-2. While these responses are predictable due to the high homology between SARS-CoV-2 and other CoVs, the impact of these responses on susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients is unclear. To investigate the influence of prior HCoV infection on anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab responses among COVID-19 asymptomatic individuals with cancer and controls without cancers, we utilized the VirScan technology in which phage immunoprecipitation and sequencing (PhIP-seq) of longitudinal plasma samples was performed to investigate high-resolution (i.e., epitope level) humoral CoV responses. Despite testing positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab in the plasma, a majority of the participants were asymptomatic for COVID-19 with no prior history of COVID-19 diagnosis. Although the magnitudes of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab responses were lower in individuals with Kaposi sarcoma (KS) compared to non-KS cancer individuals and those without cancer, the HCoV Ab repertoire was similar between individuals with and without cancer independent of age, sex, HIV status, and chemotherapy. The magnitudes of the anti-spike HCoV responses showed a strong positive association with those of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike in cancer patients, and only a weak association in non-cancer patients, suggesting that prior infection with HCoVs might play a role in limiting SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity.
Influenza a Neuraminidase-Based Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Induces Th1-Type Immune Response and Provides Protective Effects in Mice
Authors: Li Mingyang , Liu Mengyuan , Song Shaohui , Zhao Ruirui , Xie Yun , Liu Jing , Xu Lilan , Ma Xuefeng , Song Mingyu , Zhou Jian , Liao Guoyang
Published: March 2024

Vaccines are one of the most effective means of preventing influenza A, typically containing the hemagglutinin (HA) of the influenza A virus. However, antigenic drift and shift of the influenza A virus can lead to instability in vaccine efficacy. Compared to HA, the antigenic variation rate of neuraminidase (NA) is slower. In traditional inactivated influenza vaccines, although they contain a certain amount of NA, there are significant differences between different batches, which cannot consistently induce NA-based immune responses. Therefore, NA is often overlooked in vaccine development. In this study, we report an mRNA vaccine encoding the NA of two strains of influenza A virus. The experimental results demonstrated that when matched with the viral strain, this mRNA vaccine induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies, providing a protective effect to mice in viral challenge experiments, and this immune response was shown to be biased towards the Th1 type. In summary, this study demonstrates that NA is a promising potential antigen, providing new insights for the development of influenza A virus vaccines.
Evaluation of Long-Term Adaptive Immune Responses Specific to SARS-CoV-2: Effect of Various Vaccination and Omicron Exposure
Authors: Kang Hyunhye , Jung Jin , Ko Geon Young , Lee Jihyun , Oh Eun-Jee
Published: March 2024

The immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) becomes increasingly complex as individuals receive different combinations of vaccine doses and encounter breakthrough infections. Our study focused on the immunogenicity observed over a two-year period in healthy individuals who completed a two-dose series and then experienced booster and/or Omicron infection. In June 2023, we recruited 78 healthcare workers who had previously participated in clinical research initiated in March 2021 at a single medical center in South Korea. At 1, 5, 11, and 25 months after a second dose, we assessed SARS-CoV-2–specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Longitudinal monitoring revealed a significant decline in humoral immunity levels after the second vaccine dose, followed by a substantial increase post-third vaccination or breakthrough infection. In contrast, stable cellular immune responses were consistently observed, with peak humoral and cellular immune measures reached at 25 months after the second dose. Among infection-naïve participants, three-dose vaccinated individuals had decreased neutralizing activity against wild-type (WT) and negative activities against Omicron subvariants BA.2 and BA.4/5, whereas those who received a fourth dose of bivalent BNT had significantly increased neutralizing activity (p < 0.05). All immune metrics tended to increase as the number of vaccine doses increased. Among participants with 4-exposure, homologous vaccination (mRNA × 4) led to higher humoral immunity, whereas heterologous vaccination (ChAd × 2/mRNA × 2) induced stronger cellular responses against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants by enzyme-linked immunospot assays (p < 0.05). Immune responses from bivalent vaccines or Omicron infection did not show statistically significant differences among exposure number-matched participants (p > 0.05). Omicron exposure significantly increased cross-neutralizing activity, but magnitude of cellular immunity was not significantly altered by Omicron exposure. Our longitudinal study highlights the evolving complexity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses, showing enhanced immunity with multiple vaccine doses and robust cellular responses from heterologous vaccination. These findings emphasize the need for ongoing surveillance to optimize vaccination strategies against emerging variants.
Evaluation of a Combined Live Attenuated Vaccine against Lumpy Skin Disease, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia and Rift Valley Fever
Authors: Bamouh Zohra , Elarkam Amal , Elmejdoub Soufiane , Hamdi Jihane , Boumart Zineb , Smith Greg , Suderman Matthew , Teffera Mahder , Wesonga Hezron , Wilson Stephen , Watts Douglas M. , Babiuk Shawn , Pickering Brad , Elharrak Mehdi
Published: March 2024

The use of effective vaccines is among the most important strategies for the prevention and progressive control of transboundary infectious animal diseases. However, the use of vaccine is often impeded by the cost, a lack of cold chains and other factors. In resource-limited countries in Africa, one approach to improve coverage and reduce cost is to vaccinate against multiple diseases using combined vaccines. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate a combined vaccine for the prevention and control of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) and Rift Valley fever (RVF). The LSD and CBPP were formulated as a combined vaccine, and the RVF was formulated separately as live attenuated vaccines. These consisted of a Mycoplasma MmmSC T1/44 strain that was propagated in Hayflick-modified medium, RVF virus vaccine, C13T strain prepared in African green monkey cells (Vero), and the LSDV Neethling vaccine strain prepared in primary testis cells. The vaccines were tested for safety via the subcutaneous route in both young calves and pregnant heifers with no side effect, abortion or teratogenicity. The vaccination of calves induced seroconversions for all three vaccines starting from day 7 post-vaccination (PV), with rates of 50% for LSD, 70% for CBPP and 100% for RVF, or rates similar to those obtained with monovalent vaccines. The challenge of cattle vaccinated with the LSD/CBPP and the RVF vaccine afforded full protection against virulent strains of LSDV and RVFV. A satisfactory level of protection against a CBPP challenge was observed, with 50% of protection at 6 months and 81% at 13 months PV. A mass vaccination trial was performed in four regions of Burkina Faso that confirmed safety and specific antibody responses induced by the vaccines. The multivalent LSD/CBPP+RVF vaccine provides a novel and beneficial approach to the control of the three diseases through one intervention and, therefore, reduces the cost and improves vaccination coverage.
Experimental Linear and Nonlinear Vibration Methods for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMCs): A Literature Review
Authors: Dolbachian Loan , Harizi Walid , Aboura Zoheir
Published: March 2024

The goal of this article is to provide a review of the experimental techniques and procedures using vibration methods for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMCs). It aims to be a guide for any researchers to carry out vibration experiments. The linear methods are first introduced. But, as PMC is a complex material, these classic methods show some limits, such as low accuracy for small damages and a high environmental dependency. This is why the nonlinear methods are secondly studied, considering that the complexity of PMCs induces a nonlinear behavior of the structure after damage occurrence. The different damage mechanisms are well-explained in order to evaluate the potential of each vibration method to detect them.
Urban Water Demand Prediction Based on Attention Mechanism Graph Convolutional Network-Long Short-Term Memory
Authors: Liu Chunjing , Liu Zhen , Yuan Jia , Wang Dong , Liu Xin
Published: March 2024

Predicting short-term urban water demand is essential for water resource management and directly impacts urban water resource planning and supply–demand balance. As numerous factors impact the prediction of short-term urban water demand and present complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics, the current water demand prediction methods mainly focus on the time dimension characteristics of the variables, while ignoring the potential influence of spatial characteristics on the temporal characteristics of the variables. This leads to low prediction accuracy. To address this problem, a short-term urban water demand prediction model which integrates both spatial and temporal characteristics is proposed in this paper. Firstly, anomaly detection and correction are conducted using the Prophet model. Secondly, the maximum information coefficient (MIC) is used to construct an adjacency matrix among variables, which is combined with a graph convolutional neural network (GCN) to extract spatial characteristics among variables, while a multi-head attention mechanism is applied to enhance key features related to water use data, reducing the influence of unnecessary factors. Finally, the prediction of short-term urban water demand is made through a three-layer long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Compared with existing prediction models, the hybrid model proposed in this study reduces the average absolute percentage error by 1.868–2.718%, showing better prediction accuracy and prediction effectiveness. This study can assist cities in rationally allocating water resources and lay a foundation for future research.
Assessing the Impact of Weirs on Water Quality and Phytoplankton Dynamics in the South Han River: A Two-Year Study
Authors: Kim Young-Hyo , Cho In-Hwan , Kim Ha-Kyung , Hwang Eun-A , Han Byung-Hun , Kim Baik-Ho
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the ecological effects of weirs on water quality and phytoplankton communities in the South Han River (SHR) over a two-year period. By focusing on three key weirs—Kangcheon Weir, Yeoju Weir, and Ipo Weir—the research examines how artificial structures influence river hydrodynamics, nutrient cycles, and algal growth patterns. Utilizing water quality measurements, phytoplankton analysis, and environmental factor assessments, the study identifies significant fluctuations in water quality parameters and phytoplankton abundance across the surveyed points. The analysis reveals a direct correlation between environmental conditions such as temperature, flow rates, and nutrient concentrations, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, and the proliferation of harmful cyanobacteria, notably Microcystis. This research highlights the critical role of comprehensive management strategies that consider hydraulic residence time, nutrient balance, and temperature regulation to mitigate the impacts of weirs on river ecosystems and improve water quality in the SHR.
Water, Energy and Food (WEF) Nexus in the Changing Arctic: An International Law Review and Analysis
Authors: Madani Zia , Natcher David
Published: March 2024

The governance of the water, energy, and food (WEF) nexus is significant in the Arctic, where environmental changes are occurring at an accelerated pace, intensifying resource dynamics and geopolitical implications. Against the backdrop of a rapidly evolving Arctic landscape shaped by the global climate change, melting ice, and resource exploration, the WEF nexus emerges as a vital framework for understanding and addressing the region’s complex resource interdependencies. Nonetheless, legal research in this context is still in its early stages, and, specifically in the context of the Arctic, we did not find any such research. This study assesses a nexus approach to WEF in Arctic’s transdisciplinary and multifaceted environment from an international law perspective to address the intricate dynamics that shape the resilience and security of WEF resources in an increasingly interconnected and accessible Arctic. Our objective in this study is to introduce international law as an overarching network of international rules and principles, legal instruments, and relevant institutions as a starting point to address the WEF governance intricacies in the Arctic, facilitating the harmonization of diverse interests, ensuring equitable access to resources, and promoting sustainable development. We argue that international law constitutes the essential means to address a nexus approach to WEF and its issues and complexities in a transboundary context within the Arctic. By examining existing international legal frameworks applicable to the Arctic and related instruments, policies, journals, and other publications, this paper seeks to canvas how international law is in support of a nexus approach to WEF in this region.
Intraoperative selective cerebral angiography for microsurgical treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations in a hybrid operating room
Authors:   FSBEI HE Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Menshikov I. V. , Sergeev A. V. ,   FSBEI HE Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Cherebillo V. Yu. ,   FSBEI HE Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Kislukhin V. A. ,   FSBEI HE Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg
Published: March 2024

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain are a congenital anomaly of the development of cerebral vessels, when instead of a normal capillary bed, a «network» of pathologically altered vessels is formed, through which arterial blood is shunted into the drainage venous system. Due to the thinned wall of the pathological vessels and high pressure in them, patients with AVMs are at risk of intracerebral hemorrhage up to 4 % annually, which determines the vital need for their treatment. Microsurgical removal of brain AVMs is considered the most radical and effective treatment method, the main goal of which is to completely disable the body of the malformation, since the remaining part can lead to the risk of postoperative bleeding. To ensure effective control over the completeness of AVM removal intraoperatively, two methods have been developed: selective cerebral angiography (SCAG) and indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VA). According to the literature, SCAG provides a number of advantages in the intraoperative diagnosis of residual AVM parts compared to ICG-VA. The article analyzes our own experience in using intraoperative SCAG in the surgical treatment of AVM in a hybrid operating room and examines the literature data on the topic of the paper. Our study highlights the importance of using the method of intraoperative control through SCAG in order to improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment of cerebral AVMs.
Family medicine and general practitioner supervisor wellbeing: a literature review
Authors: Prentice Shaun , Mullner Helen , Benson Jill , Kay Margaret
Published: March 2024

Background

Research examining general practice supervisor wellbeing has often been conducted within the context of trainee wellbeing and educational outcomes.

Aim

To consolidate the current literature regarding the wellbeing of GP supervisors through a ‘supervisor–wellbeing’ lens.

Design & setting

Literature review of original research studies on Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid PsycINFO from inception to December 2022.

Method

The Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid PsycINFO databases were systematically searched from inception to December 2022. Original research studies were eligible if they explored any aspect of wellbeing or burnout (that is, construct conceptualisations, risk and protective factors, implications, or interventions) among GPs involved in educating GP trainees. Reporting quality of included studies was assessed using the QualSyst tool. Results from included studies were narratively synthesised.

Results

Data from 26 independent samples were reviewed. Burnout was generally conceptualised using the Leiter and Maslach model. Wellbeing was poorly defined in the literature, largely being conceptualised in personal psychological terms and, to a lesser extent, professional satisfaction. Risk and protective factors were identified and grouped as individual (for example, satisfaction with capacity to teach) and external (for example, autonomy, collegial relationships, resource availability) factors. GP supervisors’ wellbeing appeared to affect their job performance and retention. This review identified only two studies evaluating interventions to support GP supervisors’ wellbeing.

Conclusion

The present review highlights a lack of conceptual clarity and research examining interventions for GP supervisor wellbeing. It provides guidance for future research designed to maximise the wellbeing of GP supervisors and support the wellbeing of trainees.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) Training Curriculum for Pediatric Nephrology: PCRRT-ICONIC Group Recommendations
Authors: Sethi Sidharth Kumar , Mahan John , Hu Jieji , Koratala Abhilash , Soni Kritika , Singh Yogen , Abitbol Carolyn , DeFreitas Marissa , Reisinger Nathaniel , Argaiz Eduardo R. , Yap Hui Kim , Badeli Hamidreza , Kalra Meenal , VanGeest Jonathan , Nair Nikhil , Raynor James , Alhasan Khalid A. , McCulloch Mignon , Bunchman Timothy , Sharma Vivek , Raina Rupesh
Published: March 2024

Key Points

Despite a high need and interest in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in trainees and faculty of Pediatric Nephrology, the majority are not receiving POCUS training.

There is a need to establish a structured pediatric nephrology POCUS program for clinicians and fellows.

This study suggests a blueprint of POCUS curriculum which can serve as a foundation for POCUS education in pediatric nephrology centers worldwide.

Background

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is commonly used in adult specialties, pediatric emergency medicine, and neonatal and pediatric critical care. Specifically, in the field of pediatric nephrology, POCUS plays a valuable role in the critical inpatient and outpatient settings. However, the lack of guidelines and a standardized curriculum for POCUS in pediatric nephrology has led to substantial discrepancies in both clinical practice and training.

Methods

A multinational, multicenter survey regarding POCUS usefulness and training was sent to 225 pediatric nephrology residents, fellows, and physicians with expertise in pediatric nephrology. On the basis of the results, an ideal pediatric nephrology POCUS curriculum was formulated with a panel of experts from across the world. Eighteen experts were included, with each expert having >10 years of experience in using POCUS in adult and pediatric nephrology. A Delphi method was used to further solidify guidelines regarding the content, curriculum, and vital skills of using POCUS in pediatric nephrology.

Results

A total of 134 pediatric nephrology trainees, specialists, and faculty responded to the survey (59.6% completion rate). A total of 87.4% of respondents believe that formal POCUS training is either highly desirable or should be mandatory in pediatric nephrology fellowship programs. Identified barriers to receiving training included lack of an organized curriculum, lack of POCUS experts and pediatric intensivists, lack of ultrasound equipment, lack of financial support, and lack of dedicated time during training. An expert panel was convened, and a Delphi survey was conducted to formulate guidelines to overcome the barriers to pediatric nephrology POCUS and standardize the training process.

Conclusions

After collaborating with prominent pediatric nephrologists, global POCUS experts proposed a comprehensive POCUS training curriculum tailored specifically for pediatric nephrology trainees, with an appeal for all pediatric nephrology education programs to integrate POCUS instruction into their curricula.
ANALISIS PENGARUH STORE IMAGE PERCEPTION DAN STORE BRAND PRICE IMAGE TERHADAP STORE BRAND PURCHASE INTENTION DENGAN PERCEIVED RISK SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Supermarket Super Indo Majapahit)
Authors: Jannah Miftakhul , Indriyatni Lies , Widowati Maduretno
Published: March 2024

Store brands are a form of strategy used in competing for retailers in a market that is increasingly competitive. Based on previous research, there are several factors that influence buying interest, namely Store Image Perception, Perceived Risk, and Store Brand Price Image. This study aims to see the influence of the influence of Store Image Perception, Perceived Risk, and Store Brand Price Image Image Intention on Super Indo Majapahit supermarkets. The research method used in the study Statistics Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) for Windows 16.0 with regression analysis and path analysis for the mediating variables. The technique used to study the data is a survey using a structured questionnaire. The population and samples in this study were visitors or buyers of Super Indo Majapahit supermarkets with the results of 89 respondents who can be used in this study. The results of the study indicate that Store Image Perception has a significant positive effect on Store Brand Purchase Intention in Super Indo Majapahit consumers. Store Brand Price Image has a significant positive effect on Store Brand Purchase Intention for Super Indo Majapahit consumers. Store Image Perception has a significant negative effect on Perceived Risk on Super Indo Majapahit consumers. Store Brand Price Image has a significant negative effect on Perceived Risk on Super Indo Majapahit consumers. Perceived Risk has a significant negative effect on Store Brand Purchase Intention for Super Indo Majapahit consumers. Store Brand Price Image significantly influences Store Brand Purchase Intention through Perceived Risk mediation at Super Indo Majapahit. All hypotheses have a significant effect except Store Image Perception which has no significant effect on Store Brand Purchase Intention through the mediation of Perceived Risk at Super Indo Majapahit because tstatistic (1.591) < ttable (1.663).Keywords: store brand, image, price, risk, purchase intention.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, STRUKTUR ASET DAN KEBIJAKAN DEVIDEN TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020)
Authors: Priantoko Agung , Widaryanti Widaryanti
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the analysis of the effect of profitability, asset structure and dividend policy on capital structure (Case Study on Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2020 Period) The population used in this study are companies that are included in the category of Manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2020 are 148 companies. The sample in this thesis research amounted to 23 companies in the 5year period of research, so that the research data amounted to 115 data. The method of data collection is through documentation studies, the analysis method uses multiple regression analysis with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) simple least squares method. The results of hypothesis testing in this study indicate that Profitability and Asset Structure have a positive effect on Capital Structure, while dividend policy has no effect on Capital Structure.Keywords: Profitability, Asset Structure, Dividend Policy and Capital Structure
PENGARUH KNOWLEDGE, SKILL DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. LUSIANA JASA KARYA PERTAMINA MOR IV SEMARANG
Authors: Wahyudi Dhevina , Yuliati Yuliati
Published: March 2024

Decreased employee performance indicates that employees still lack knowledge, skills and work motivation. This study was structured to determine the effect of knowledge, skills and work motivation on employee performance at PT. Lusiana Jasa Karya. The population is 350 people and the sample is 187 people. Data analysis using multiple linear regression test while to see the level of significance either partially or simultaneously used t test and also f test. The results showed that (Knowledge) (X1), Skill (X2) and Work Motivation (X3) both partially and simultaneously had a significant influence on the dependent variable, namely Employee Performance of PT. Lusiana Jasa Karya.Keywords: Knowledge, Skill, Work Motivation, Employee Performance
PENGARUH TEKANAN KLIEN DAN AUDIT TENURE TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT DENGAN ETIKA AUDITOR SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Sasmita Rezza Dian , Widaryanti Widaryanti
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine whether client pressure and audit tenure have an effect on audit quality and auditor ethics as a moderator. The population in this study is the Public Accounting Firm in Semarang. Sampling was carried out using the census method and the number of samples was 53 respondents. The type of data used is primary data. This study uses a questionnaire in collecting data. The test techniques used are validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test including normality test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. Hypothesis testing in this study used the interaction moderation test (MRA) with SPSS version 26. The results of this study indicate that Client Pressure has a positive and significant effect on Audit Quality. While the Tenure Audit has no positive and significant effect on Audit Quality. Auditor Ethics is able to moderate the effect of Client Pressure on Audit Quality. Meanwhile, the Auditor Ethics is not able to moderate the influence of the Tenure Audit on Audit Quality.Keywords: Client Pressure, Audit Tenure, Audit Quality, Auditor Ethics
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Struktur Modal pada Perusahaan Food And Beverage Di BEI
Authors: Mudiyana Erica , Damayanti Damayanti
Published: March 2024

This study aims to prove the effect of profitability, liquidity, and company size on the capital structure of food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange . the sample for this research is a food and beverage company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2021 period. Data obtained based on publication in financial repots accessed from the IDX’s official website (www.idx.co.id). The sample selection technique used was purposive sampling and research data were obtained for 14 companies for 6 (six) years, so the number of observations was 84. The data analysis method used was multiple linier regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that profitability has no significant negative effect, significant negative effect , and significant negative firm size. The estimation result of the regression test of determination show an adjusted R2 value of 0,295. This means that profitability , liquidity, and company size in this regression model are able to explain variations in debt policy of 29,5%, while 70,5% are explained by other factors not included in this research model.  Keywords: profitability, liquidity, company size and  capital structure.
ANALISA PENGARUH IPM, PMTB, BELANJA TIDAK LANGSUNG DAN BELANJA LANGSUNG TERHADAP PDRB KABUPATEN DAN KOTA DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2015-2019
Authors: Agusta Fauzy Adrian , Arianti Fitrie
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyse the effect of HDI, GFCF, indirect expenditures and direct expenditures on GRDP in 35 regency and municipality in Central Java Province from 2015 to 2019. The dependent variable in this study is GRDP in 35 regencies and cities in Central Java Province. Four independent variables are the Human Development Index (IPM), Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), indirect spending, and direct spending. The method used in this study is panel data regression. Based on the study results, all independent variables, namely HDI, GFCF, indirect spending, and direct spending, positively and significantly impact GRDP in 35 regencies and cities in Central Java Province. Therefore, if a region improves the quality of its human capital, investment, and regional spending, it can be associated with an increase in GRDP.Keywords: HDI; GFCF; Indirect Expenditures, and Direct Expenditures; on GRDP
Improving the study of the course of chemical disciplines for students metallurgical specialties
Authors: L Isayeva , Ya Myanovska
Published: March 2024

Objective. Topical issues of modern higher education and science are the relatively low level of schooling and lack of
motivation of students to obtain high special qualifications.
Method. Against the background of existing scientific advances in many fields of production, the conflict that arises due
to insufficient training of graduates of technical universities can be partially resolved through both methodological
improvement of the educational process and its emphasis on the scientific components of education. It is also
necessary to organize the work so that the use of information technology in computer classrooms from the first days of
study took priority in the independent work of students.
Results. In 2019, employers have prepared for educational institutions their requirements for bachelors and masters, on
the basis of which updated educational programs for higher education are created according to standards, in the
development of which together with specialists of leading metallurgical enterprises of the country participated autho-
?itative scientific and methodological staff. These programs are successfully implemented at the National Metallurgical
Academy of Ukraine.
TEMPLE OF WEAVING MACHINE
Authors: Meshcheryakov Aleksandr V. , Bogacheva Svetlana Yu. , Fedina Lyubov A.
Published: March 2024

The article considers three designs of weaving machines with horizontal working bodies made in the form of disks with rows of needles on the side surfaces. The discs are located under the fabric in the course of its movement and are made up of three rings. Each ring carries one row of needles. From above, the cribs are closed with lids with fabric guides on the underside. The body sponges, the side surfaces of the discs and the lid guides have the same profile, which improves the retention of the fabric edge. The support guides of the housing and the lid limiters keep the fabric out of the crib in a horizontal position. The proposed temples for weaving machines allow increasing the uniformity of the properties of the fabric in width.
DECORATIVE ANODISING OF TITANIUM SURFACE
Authors: Galanin Sergey I. , Lebedeva Tatiana V. , Yusupov Dmitry M. , Yusupov Denis M.
Published: March 2024

Increased interest in the titanium jewellery industry for the products made of titanium with the use of decorative colour coatings, has been noted in the article. The results of experimental studies of decorative col-our conversion coatings on the surface of titanium alloys BT1-0, OT4, BT20 in different electrolytes are given. The influence of surface roughness on the colour of the formed coatings has been investigated. The influence of the alloy composition, electrolyte composition, electrolysis modes and surface roughness on the colour of the formed coatings has been shown. The phenomenon of colour zoning of the coatings at some electrolysis modes has been noted. Technological recommendations for obtaining decorative coatings on the surface of a number of titanium alloys in the required colour under production conditions have been developed.
DECORATIVE COATINGS AND METALS IN JEWELLERY AND ART PRODUCTS
Authors: Kolupaev Kirill N.
Published: March 2024

The article considers the classification of precious and non-precious alloys used in the manufacture of jewellery and art articles. Alloys are considered from the point of view of necessity of using protective and decorative coatings both for protection from environmental impact during operation of articles and colour surface decoration. A diverse nomenclature of various metallic, non-metallic and conversion coatings formed by different technological methods is shown. It is shown that the use of a certain coating is largely determined by the designer at the stage of creating a rendering of the product. Necessity to take into account the colouristic characteristics of alloys and coatings at the design stage and the existence of an inseparable connection between the product design, materials used, technologies of their shaping and decoration is pointed.
NATURAL MATERIALS TO CREATE A RELIEF GLAZED SURFACE ON PRODUCTS OF CERAMIC MASS
Authors: Kazachkova Olga A. , Boyko Yuliya A. , Lapteva Marina O.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the features of stone ceramics decorating with natural materials (various grains and several types of flowers were used to obtain a decorative relief on the ceramic surface), which allows to obtain glazed surfaces with an unglazed concave relief, creating the effect of the graffito technique. The dependence of the relief index on the shape of the impression and decorative effects are shown. It has been experimentally revealed that in the depressions obtained by pressing large flowers, there is a coating of the core of the imprint with glaze, with not deep prints – a distribution in the form of droplets. As a result of using legumes and some types of flowers, the concave relief is covered with a transparent glaze and optically perceived as convex. According to the method of assessing the nature of the relief, the quality of the decorated surface was determined. The systematisation of the decorative effects of the glazed surface is carried out, tak-ing into account the relief and the influence of the material and shape of the impression on the glazed surface.
ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECT-SPATIAL ENVIRONMENT STORAGE SYSTEMS IN MODERN SCHOOLS
Authors: Luchmanova Mariya E. , Rassadina Svetlana P.
Published: March 2024

The design of the subject-spatial environment of many regional Russian schools often does not correspond to modern trends and approaches to the organisation of the space of educational institutions. The article presents the results of a survey of 210 pupils and teachers of Kostroma schools to assess the environment and classrooms from the point of view of the approach to the organisation of storage systems for school supplies and personal belongings of pupils and pedagogues. The results of the survey showed that at the moment the aesthetics and ergonomics of the school space do not meet the needs of pupils and pedagogues. An overview of the interior of school classrooms and public spaces was also conducted on the example of a regional school, as well as examples of the organisation of school storage systems in large Russian cities and abroad.
Models for building an enterprise data Warehouse
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University, Mandrika O.S. , Ermakov S.G.
Published: March 2024

We live in an era of big data where data is generated continuously and at an exponential rate, so we need a place to collect, store and process it. Data can be generated by devices and sensors either remotely or in real time. The place where data can be collected, stored and processed is called a data warehouse. The term «data warehouse» was coined in the 1980s to describe a technology that allows companies to integrate data from many different sources into a single model. Data integration was seen as the most promising means of supporting deep insights into operational processes and identifying the latest opportunities to improve efficiency and profitability at the organizational level. An equally important role of data warehouses was seen as structural optimization by eliminating redundant decision support systems, most of which relied in one way or another on organizational performance data from the same centralized source. In contrast, the concept of a single data warehouse promised to eliminate redundancy and ensure data consistency, making it more suitable for optimizing management decisions at the enterprise level. This article discusses the concept of data warehouse, identifies its main advantages, reviews and compares enterprise data warehouse models and data platform on the example of Sberbank.
Methods of cluster analysis in regional studies
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Kirillova S.V. , Simonov K.V. , Kirillov K.A. , Karpov I.A.
Published: March 2024

The paper proposes a technology for cluster analysis of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation which can become the basis for a methodology for developing targeted support measures from the state for the purpose of regional development. A cluster analysis of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out for a number of economic indicators characterizing the sectoral orientation of the regions. Two approaches were used: k-means clustering (with visualization using the t-SNE method) and hierarchical clustering. A comparative analysis of the obtained results of clustering the economic space of the Russian Federation was carried out.
Improving business efficiency based on the capabilities of BUSINESS EFFICIENCY tools
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Parshakova M.S. , Laskin M.B.
Published: March 2024

the purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of BI solutions that can be used to replace common foreign systems such as Power BI, Tableau and Qlik. Due to the practical orientation and active development of this subject area, mainly Russian-language articles of news and analytical agencies are used as analysis materials. The following methods were used to conduct the study: bibliographic analysis, testing, comparative analysis. As a result, a table was compiled reflecting the presence or absence of the most significant parameters when choosing a BI-system. In conclusion, it is worth noting that at the moment there is no universal solution, each company must rely on its own constraints and take into account the existing IT infrastructure.
Model-algorithmic support for socio-cyber- physical systems scheduling functioning
Authors:   St.Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Science, Zakharov V.V. , Scherbakova E.E.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Development of model-algorithmic support for solving problems of socio-cyber-physical systems scheduling. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the authors used the methodology of the theory of structural dynamics proactive control of complex objects and the system-neocybernetic approach. Results. An approach (model and algorithm) is proposed, within the framework of which it is possible to approach the formalization and solution of multicriteria selection problems arising at various stages of the life cycle of complex organizational and technical complexes from a unified position. Such tasks, first of all, include the task of dynamic structural and functional synthesis of socio-cyber- physical systems schedules. Conclusion. The approach considered in the article is based on the concepts of system modeling and multi-criteria selection.
Models and algorithms for planning measurement and computing operations when assessing the condition of complex objects located on the road transport infrastructure
Authors:   St.Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Science, Baranov A.U. , Zakharov V.V.
Published: March 2024

Development of new models and algorithms for planning of measurement-computational operations (MCO) when assessing the condition of complex objects (CO) of road transportation infrastructure (RTI). Materials and Methods: The article describes a generalized structure of model-algorithmic support for MCO planning, which is based on fundamental and applied results of operations research and optimal control theories obtained so far. Results: A set of new mathematical models and algorithms for MCO planning in estimating the state of CO RTI has been developed. Conclusions: The novelty of the results consists in the fact that the original methodological support of the solution of problems of planning of MCO at which both measuring and computational operations are simultaneously planned.
THE EQUIVALENCE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL SPLINE AND GREEN’S FUNCTION IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EXACT FINITE-DIMENSIONAL ANALOGUE OF THE BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEM FOR AN ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF THE 4TH ORDER
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, viktorprikazchikov@gmail.com, Prikazchikov V.
Published: March 2024

The author considers a problem with the main and natural boundary conditions on an interval. A new method for constructing an exact discrete analog of the problem is proposed. The method deals with the projection of the differential equation on local splines, formed by the fundamental system of solutions of the Cauchy problems for the homogeneous equation. A system of linear algebraic equations with a 5-diagonal matrix is obtained for the values of the exact solutions of the original problem at the points of a uniform grid. To implement an exact analog, we recommend using high-order accuracy schemes which are formed by partial sums of series in even powers of the grid step for solving the Cauchy problems. Keywords: boundary-value problem, ordinary differential equation of the 4th order, Cauchy problem, Wronskian, local spline, superposition of solutions, exact discrete analog, system of linear algebraic equations, 5-diagonal matrix.