bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Rural Development: Strategic Implementation of the Village Fund Policy for Sustainable Community Empowerment
Authors: Afifah Ike Nur , Rodiyah Isnaini
Published: September 2024

This descriptive qualitative study investigates the implementation of village fund policies in Kemiri Village, Sidoarjo District, Sidoarjo Regency, employing observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection methods. Through purposive sampling, the study analyzes the clarity of information on village funds in alignment with the Ministry of Finance's directives, focusing on development and community empowerment. The results demonstrate optimal implementation, showcasing the village government's commitment to inclusive decision-making, ensuring community involvement and support for planned initiatives. This research contributes insights into effective local governance practices, with implications for policymakers and practitioners seeking to enhance the impact of village fund policies on rural development and community empowerment.
Highlight :

The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach to assess the optimal implementation of village fund policies in Kemiri Village, Sidoarjo Regency.
Data collection involves observation, interviews, and documentation, employing purposive sampling to analyze the clarity of information on village funds in alignment with Ministry of Finance directives.
Findings reveal a commitment to inclusive decision-making by the village government, ensuring active community involvement and support for planned initiatives, offering valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in rural development

Keywords: Village Fund Policy, Implementation, Community Empowerment, Local Governance, Rural Development.
Empowering Women through the Role of the Village Head.
Authors: Anggraini Ani Trianingsih , Agustina Isna Fitria
Published: September 2024

A Qualitative Analysis" presents an investigation into the empowerment of women in Semambung Village, Kec. Wonoayu Kab. Sidoarjo. The research aims to describe and analyze the role of the Village Head in empowering women, utilizing qualitative methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the Village Head plays a significant role in women's empowerment through various dimensions, including entrepreneurship, disturbance handling, resource allocation, and negotiation. The implication of the study highlights the importance of the Village Head's involvement in empowering women at the local level, contributing to the overall welfare and development of the community. The title "Empowering Women: Unveiling the Role of Female Village Heads" encapsulates the essence of the study and its focus on the impactful role of female village heads in empowering women, making it appealing to a global audience of researchers and practitioners.
Highlight :

Entrepreneurship: The Village Head plays a significant role in empowering women through entrepreneurship, providing support and resources for women to start and grow their own businesses.
Disturbance Handling: The Village Head's ability to handle disturbances and conflicts effectively contributes to a stable and supportive environment for women's empowerment.
Resource Allocation: The Village Head's involvement in resource allocation ensures that resources are distributed fairly and effectively, contributing to the overall welfare and development of the community.

Keywords: Women's Empowerment, Village Head, Entrepreneurship, Disturbance Handling, Resource Allocation
Implementation of Web-Based Dukcapil Ceiling Program in Improving Population Administration Services
Authors: Khoirunnisak Khoirunnisak , Rodiyah Isnaini
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of Dukcapil Web Plavon in improving population administration service in Glagaharum village. Descriptive research with a qualitative approach was conducted, using interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. T.B. Smith's theory was used to analyze four indicators: Policy Wanted, Target Targeted, Organizational Implementation, and Environmental Factors. The desired policy indicator showed that the program was implemented in accordance with the objectives set by the Civil Registration and Population Service. However, the target indicator revealed that many people still cannot use Dukcapil's Web Plavon. The organizational implementation indicator showed that socialization related to the existence and use of Dukcapil Web Platoon has not been maximized, causing a large number of people to not understand how to use it. The environmental factors indicator revealed barriers associated with frequent power outages, unstable internet connection, lack of printer, and lack of room cooling air conditioner. The study implies that the implementation of Dukcapil Web Plavon faces various challenges that need to be addressed to improve population administration service.
Highlight :

The study analyzed the implementation of Dukcapil Web Plavon in improving population administration services in Glagaharum Village using a qualitative approach
The organizational implementation indicator revealed that the socialization of the program has not been maximized, leading to a lack of understanding among the people on how to use it
Environmental factors such as frequent power outages, unstable internet connection, lack of printer, and absence of room cooling air conditioner were identified as barriers to the implementation of Dukcapil Web Plavon

Keywords: Dukcapil Web Plavon, population administration, Glagaharum Village, implementation, challenges
Enhancing Firm Value: Exploring the Nexus of Social Responsibility, Dividend Policy, and Profitability
Authors: Choiri Ika , Fitriyah Hadiah
Published: September 2024

This research delves into the intricate relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), dividend policy, profitability, and company value within the consumer goods sector of the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2022. Employing a purposive sampling method, 27 companies were selected for analysis using SPSS techniques. The study reveals a noteworthy finding: while dividend policy shows no significant impact, both CSR and profitability significantly influence company value. This underscores the critical importance of integrating social responsibility practices into corporate strategies, as they not only contribute to enhanced company value but also augment profitability. These findings have substantial implications for businesses, emphasizing the imperative of embracing CSR initiatives as integral components of sustainable corporate development strategies.
Highlights : 

CSR integration: Study underscores the importance of integrating CSR practices into corporate strategies.
Profitability impact: Profitability significantly influences company value in the consumer goods sector.
Limited impact of dividend policy: Dividend policy shows no significant impact on company value in the Indonesian context.

Keywords: CSR, dividend policy, profitability, company value, consumer goods sector
E-Government Boosts Administrative Efficiency in Rural Indonesia
Authors: Muwardi Alifiah Arum , Sukmana Hendra
Published: September 2024

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Plavon Dukcapil website in enhancing population administration in the Mining Village government. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the research focuses on four indicators: program target accuracy, socialization, objectives, and monitoring. Results show that while the website effectively serves its intended community, socialization efforts are lacking, leading to limited awareness among less tech-savvy residents. Despite human resource challenges, the website meets its objective of expediting administrative processes. However, formal monitoring is absent. The findings suggest a need for better socialization, continuous monitoring, and enhanced training for human resources to optimize e-government services at the village level.
Highlights:

Target Accuracy: Website effectively serves the community, increasing administration activities.
Socialization: Limited awareness due to inadequate efforts and reliance on word of mouth.
Program Monitoring: Lacks formal oversight; requires continuous monitoring and human resource training.

Keywords: E-government, population administration, Mining Village, program effectiveness, qualitative study
Global Insights on Public Perceptions and Engagement based on TikTok politics
Authors: Devi Indah Kartika , Sinduwiatmo Kukuh
Published: September 2024

In the digital era, social media platforms like TikTok are increasingly used for political campaigns. This study examines the PAN party's use of the viral TikTok song "PAN 12" to engage students, using Davidoff’s public perception theory. Employing a qualitative descriptive method with six student informants from Sidoarjo, the research reveals mixed perceptions: some find the content engaging, while others criticize it for lacking substantive political content. The findings highlight that while TikTok can reach a wider audience and enable direct interaction with voters, it risks prioritizing popularity over political substance. Therefore, the PAN party should address criticisms with transparency and substantial communication to enhance understanding of their political goals.
Highlights:

TikTok engages a wider audience for political campaigns.
"PAN 12" song evokes mixed reactions from students.
Balance popularity with substantive communication to address criticisms.

Keywords: Social Media, TikTok, Political Campaigns, Public Perception, Student Engagement
Optimizing Food Diversification through Learning from Successful Implementation in Indonesia
Authors: Yanti Dwi Krusita , Choiriyah Ilmi Usrotin
Published: September 2024

This study examines the implementation of food consumption diversification policies in Sidoarjo district, using George C. Edwards III's theory on communication and bureaucratic structure. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research utilizes primary data from field surveys and interviews, and secondary data from official sources. The findings show that 14 out of 18 sub-districts successfully implemented these policies, leading to improved and diverse food consumption patterns as measured by the Food Hope Pattern (PPH) score. Effective communication, adequate resources, strong commitment, and structured bureaucracy were key to this success. The study highlights the importance of these factors in enhancing food security and nutritional outcomes at the local level.
Highlights:

Effective Communication: Essential for policy success in 14 sub-districts.
Resource Adequacy: Crucial human, financial, and facility resources.
Structured Bureaucracy: Clear roles and processes enhance outcomes.

Keywords: food diversification, food security, Sidoarjo, implementation, qualitative research
Debunking the Concept of Liberalism A Critical Review
Authors: Kusuma Kumara Adji
Published: September 2024

This study critically examines the basic tenets of liberalism and their implications for the discourse between Islam and the West. With reference to texts from thinkers such as John Locke and John Stuart Mill, it challenges the rationality and coherence of liberal ideology, particularly regarding equality, freedom and hedonistic morality. Islamic perspectives on these issues are considered, highlighting differences in epistemological foundations. The research underscores the need for nuanced dialogue and critical inquiry, emphasizing the importance of epistemological diversity in addressing the challenges of contemporary society.
Highlights :
 

Critiquing liberal ideology: equality, freedom, morality coherence challenged.
Contrasting Islamic epistemological foundations with liberalism's rationality.
Emphasizing nuanced dialogue and diverse epistemology for contemporary challenges.

Keywords: Liberalism, Islam, Dialogue, Epistemology, Diversity
Impact of the Corona virus Pandemic on the Global Economy
Authors: Shokirov M. M.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the main consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for the economy. The authors emphasize that the outbreak of the virus has become one of the most serious threats to the global economy and financial markets. It is noted that concerns about the impact of the coronavirus on the global economy have stirred up markets around the world: stock prices and bond yields have fallen sharply. Forecasts of GDP decline in leading countries and regions are given; the main possible methods of mitigating the effects of the pandemic on the economies of developing countries are considered.
The Effect of Profitability, Leverage, Sales Growth, Independent Commissioners, and Institutional Ownership on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Agustiana Sabila Dwi , Kusumawati Eny
Published: September 2024

The still high cases of tax avoidance in Indonesia, prompting the need to identify the factors that affect tax avoidance. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of profitability, leverage, sales growth, independent commissioners, and institutional ownership on tax avoidance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. This research was designed using quantitative methods. The data used in this study were obtained from the website www.idx.co.id and the company's financial statements. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained as many as 49 companies for each year. The total sample used is 245 and the data outlier is 41 so that the total sample is 204 during the 5-year observation period. The collected sample data was then tested for hypotheses using the method of multiple linear regression analysis, and statistical test analysis. The test results show that the profitability variable has a significant effect on tax avoidance. While the variables of leverage, sales growth, independent commissioners, and institutional ownership have no significant effect on tax avoidance.
Peculiarities of the Use of Information and Communication Technologies in the Development of Speech of Primary School Students
Authors: Mustafokulova Lobar Zayniddinovna
Published: September 2024

At a time when information technology is developing and has a negative impact on the spirituality of man, especially the younger generation, there is a need to develop the spirituality of young people, enrich their speech, influence their minds through ICT and further develop human feelings. In this sense, in the development of a healthy child, it is the tool they are interested in, that is, the development and implementation of methods of using information technology, which shows the relevance of the topic.
Organizing Educational Processes On The Basis Of Information Technology
Authors: DILSHOD YULDASHEV  , GULBAKHOR SOLIYEVA
Published: September 2024

Our Republic is also moving towards an informed society due to independence. This issue is one ofthe first issues in the focus of our President and government. Today, the Internet has emerged as a fast andreliable source of information. The development of the information world has undergone dramatic changes andnew information technologies have emerged. There has been a lot of talk lately about the Internet, itscapabilities, and e-mail. The terms "computer" and "internet" are becoming everyday popular terms.
Technological Approach To The Educational Process In Primary Schools - A Factor To Increase Educational Efficiency
Authors: Ilmira Setsaliyeva Ismoilovna  , Gulmira Mukhamatova
Published: September 2024

Educational technologies cover a specific area of pedagogical activity. Constructing the stages of the didactic process in a certain sequence means the organization of students' learning activities using selected teaching methods in accordance with the objectives set for the topic. Teaching methods, by their nature and content, belong to one or another classification based on a certain pedagogical theory. When considering their effectiveness, it is important to ensure that all educational institutions achieve the goal of teacher-student interaction, which can regulate and direct the teaching process.
The Role Of Advertising In Public Life And The Concept Of Advertising Text
Authors: Nigora Makhmudova
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the role of advertising in public life and the concept of advertising text. Currently, there are different approaches to clarifying the term "advertising", on the one hand, such approaches testify to the complexity of the phenomenon, on the other hand, there are different views and opinionson its structure and nature of formation.
Symmetric Ram Migrations Style
Authors: Pirnazarov Gulom Farhodovich , Ogli Khamdam Shavkat , Mukhammadiev
Published: September 2024

Symmetric Ram. Symmetric and inverse symmetric external loads. Calculation of symmetrical Ram by the method of displacement. To facilitate the calculation of symmetrical Ram by the method of displacement, it is necessary to introduce the method of grounding unknown, as well as the method of dividing external loads into symmetric and inverse symmetric loads.
Current Aspects of Antiepileptic Therapy in Pregnant Women
Authors: S. R. Zoirov  , M. A. Artykova
Published: September 2024

Achieving a high quality of life in patients with epilepsy is of paramount importance not only for neurologists, but also for allied professionals who guide patients through the subsequent stages of treatment after diagnosis. This is of particular relevance to patients in the gestational period. Literature suggests that 13% of women experience an exacerbation of epilepsy during pregnancy, which is due to a reduction in plasma levels of antiepileptic drugs (PEPs) due to increased metabolism. However, 14% of women have seizures exclusively during pregnancy.
Morphological Changes of the Spleen with Polypragmasia
Authors: Akmal Abdullaevich Saidov
Published: September 2024

The study was conducted on 100 white random-bred rats of newborns, three and six months old. Animals were taken out of the experiment at 3 months of age by instantaneous decapitation of animals under ether anesthesia. After opening the abdominal cavity, macroscopic changes in the spleen were studied. Using a caliper, the anatomical parameters of the extracted spleen were measured. The spleen was fixed in Carnoy's solution for further study. Treatment with no steroidal drugs showed damage to the lymphoid tissue of the spleen, structural changes in the pulp and a decrease in the mass of the spleen.
Social Media as a Modern Display of Life Style
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Samoylova Yana
Published: September 2024

The topic of lifestyle has always been present in one way or another in social philosophy and economics. Max Weber and Thorstein Veblen were among the first to introduce the concept of "lifestyle" into the field of science. Weber used lifestyle in the context of social stratification to describe status groups. Veblen introduced the concept in his concept of the "leisure class", showing that consumer lifestyle / conspicuous consumption is an assertion of one's power, symbolic power. That is, goods are purchased not out of need, but as a demonstration of one's class and money. Thus, Weben and Veblen set the tone for subsequent studies of lifestyle. Pierre Bourdieu also believes that different lifestyles show belonging to a particular class. He incorporates the concept into his concept of habitus and shows how a person's lifestyle is manifested in his everyday life. Anthony Giddens transfers the conversation about lifestyle from the class structure of society to the world of modernity, where a person is faced with the task of constructing his own identity, and lifestyle is revealed in existential discourse. In search of his “I” and trying to answer the question “how should I live?”, a modern person turns to all sorts of sources of expert opinion, one of which is social media. But instead of looking for answers to his questions, a person immerses himself in a world of beautiful images, which is filled with “avatars” demonstrating an ideal life. Thus, a person falls into a pseudo-reality created by social media, from which he cannot escape or, perhaps, no longer wants to. After all, this new reality is better, brighter and more beautiful, and most importantly, in it a person can create an ideal self and display it through his pseudo-lifestyle. Half a century ago, Baudrillard already described a person immersed in this “aesthetic” hallucination of reality. And now a modern person faces a new task - to escape from the destructive pseudo-reality and return to the search for his “I”.
Aristotle’s Metaphysics
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Mesyats Svetlana
Published: September 2024

The article offers a new reconstruction of Aristotle's metaphysics, showing what place metaphysics occupies in the Aristotelian system of scientific knowledge, what its subject matter is, and into what parts it naturally divides. The author discusses in detail the Aristotelian doctrine of categories; his theory of essence; the doctrine of potential and actual being; explanatory model of four causes and the doctrine of the divine Intellect, in which metaphysics meets theology. In expounding the Aristotelian doctrine of essence, the author challenges the traditional view that the theory of essence in the Categories, where concrete things are recognized as essences in the strict and proper sense of the word, is radically different from the theory of essence in Metaphysics VII (Z), where essence is identified with form. The author shows that in both treatises Aristotle regards essence as identical with the concrete thing, but only in so far as it is taken without its accidental properties and reduced solely to the substantive ones.
Aristotle’s Ethics
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Melnikov Sergey
Published: September 2024

In ethics and politics, Aristotle is a classic representative of eudaimonism. The summum bonum for human being is happiness (eudaimonía), which consists in the activity of the soul to realize its virtue (areté). Virtues carried out in rational activity are divided into ethical and dianoetic (sc. intellectual). The highest moral ideal, according to Aristotle, is to live a contemplative life (bíos theōrētikós; vita contemplativa), because happiness is a kind of contemplation. The blessed life consists of enjoying contemplation, i.e. in the study of philosophy. Philosophy, the subject of which is the highest principles of existence, is the most speculative of the sciences. Therefore, a life devoted to philosophy is the most perfect.
Tendencias teóricas y metodológicas de investigación en las compañías B Corp en el periodo 2018-2023
Authors: León Baquero Albyn Fabian , González García Leidy Yolanda
Published: September 2024

El artículo tiene como objetivo identificar las principales tendencias de investigación en las cuales se desarrolla actualmente el estudio teórico y metodológico de las B Corps. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología con enfoque mixto, no experimental y de carácter exploratorio descriptivo, a través de una matriz de revisión documental que permitió sistematizar los documentos seleccionados. La elaboración de la matriz consideró exclusivamente artículos científicos de alto impacto de las bases Ebsco, Scopus y Web of Science, luego de la aplicación de los filtros se consolidaron un total de 59 artículos sobre los cuales se realizó la revisión y análisis de contenido. Los principales hallazgos muestran 8 tendencias teóricas de investigación que establecen las principales características, ventajas y debilidades de las B Corps en diferentes campos. Así mismo, en términos metodológicos, se identificaron 12 herramientas de investigación distribuidas en los 3 enfoques: cuantitativo, cualitativo y mixto. La presente revisión de literatura contribuye en demostrar la importancia del análisis de las B Corps como un importante fenómeno organizacional en la sociedad actual y coadyuvante en el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. La producción de literatura científica en el campo de las ciencias económicas y administrativas, específicamente en torno a las B Corps, posibilita conocer un fenómeno de gran interés para la realidad empresarial Latinoamericana.
First-Year Engineering Student Persistence Amidst COVID-19 Interruptions: Evidence from Two Diverse Institutions in the United States
Authors: Amin Syahrul , Rambo-Hernandez Karen E. , Pedersen Blaine , Burnett Camille S. , Nepal Bimal , Diaz Noemi V. Mendoza
Published: September 2024

This study examined the persistence of first-year engineering students at a Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) and a Historically Black College and University (HBCU) pre- and mid-COVID-19 interruptions and whether their characteristics (race/ethnicity, financial need status, first-generation status, SAT scores) predicted their persistence. Using logistic regression, we compared the persistence of three cohorts (i.e., cohorts 1 and 2: pre-COVID-19 cohorts; cohort 3: mid-COVID-19 cohort) at both institutions. Before adjusting for student characteristics, the logistic regression results indicated students in the mid-COVID-19 cohorts had better persistence than most pre-COVID-19 cohorts at the HSI and HBCU. Additionally, at both institutions, after controlling for the variables in the model and regardless of cohort, students with higher SAT math scores (HSI) and higher SAT composite scores (HBCU) were more likely to persist in engineering. Also, after controlling for other variables in the models, persistence was not related to financial need or first-generation status, and these relationships were consistent across cohorts and institutions. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Cross Cultural Adaptation and validation of the Hindi Version of Foot Function Index
Authors: Sidiq Mohammad , Chahal Aksh , Sharma Jyoti , Rai Richa Hirendra , Kashoo Faizan Zaffar , Jayavelu Jayaprakash , Kashyap Neha , Vajrala Krishna Reddy , S Veeragoudhaman T , Arasu Vinitha , Janakiraman Balamurugan
Published: September 2024

Background
The Foot Function Index is a reliable and widely used self-administered index that measures the impact of foot pathology on function. The rising incidence of foot disorders emphasizes the importance of culturally adapted, relevant, and accurate language-specific outcome tools. With 571 million Hindi-speaking people living globally, until now no validated Hindi version of FFI is available. We aimed to translate, cross-cultural adapt, and psychometrically test the FFI-Hindi version for use in Hindi-speaking individuals with foot conditions.
Methods
The translation of NDI-Hi was performed according to guidelines given by MAPI Research Trust. A total of 223 Hindi-speaking participants afflicted with foot conditions completed the FFI-Hi alongside the Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. The initial phase was the translation and adaptation of FFI to cultural context. Followed by testing of psychometric properties with a subset of 133 participants reiterating the FFI-Hi after a 7-day interval.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 47.10 years. Majority of the participants were male (66.4%) and the most common foot condition was plantar fasciopathy (40.8%). The mean score of FF-Hi was 33.7 ± 11.7. The internal consistency of FFI-Hi was good with the Cronbach’s alpha (α) value of 0.891 and excellent reproducibility with the intra-class correlation of 0.90. The responsiveness of the tool was estimated using 95% minimal detectable change (MCD) and the standard error of measurement of the FFI-Hi was 22.02 and 7.94 respectively. Convergent validity was upheld by moderate correlations observed between FFI-Hi subscales and SF-36 domains. Factor analysis corroborated the multidimensional nature of the FFI-Hi.
Conclusion
The FFI-Hindi version demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties facilitating the inclusion of the FFI-Hindi version into clinical practice and research. Further, the context-specific Hindi language version of FFI will enhance the utility of FFI in foot function evaluation and remove language barrier in patients reporting disability and activity limitation related to foot conditions.
Registration:Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2023/07/055734)
Comprehensive Analysis of Hydrological and Glacial Dynamics in the Himalayas: Addressing GLOF Risks in Hydropower Development
Authors: Issac Isly , Goel Narendra Kumar , Schwanghart Wolfgang , Arora Manohar
Published: September 2024

In the Indian Himalayas, several hydroelectric projects are under construction or planning due to the availability of a perennial water source and a natural head for hydropower generation. However, the region faces challenges of natural disasters, particularly from the risk of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) exacerbated by climate change. The Bajoli-Holi Hydroelectric Project on River Ravi is studied to analyze its spillway capacity considering both GLOF and Inflow Design flood. Advanced methods such as hydrodynamic modeling, hydrometeorological approaches, and tools like ArcGIS for catchment delineation are employed to effectively understand and mitigate these risks. Additionally, sensitivity analysis using the MIKE 11 model helps explore various breaching parameters, enhancing the study's accuracy. This study can make the engineers and policymakers informed decisions to ensure the safety and sustainability of hydroelectric projects in the region, balancing energy generation with environmental conservation.
Transcriptional evidence of reduced BDNF trophic signalling capacity in the post-mortem human midbrain of schizophrenia cases with high inflammation
Authors: Weickert Cynthia , Chandra Jessica , Zhu Yunting , Petty Alice , Kostoglou Yasmine , Haynes William , Webster Maree
Published: September 2024

Elevated inflammation in the midbrain of ~ 45% of people with schizophrenia may relate to altered trophic support for neurons in schizophrenia. Dopamine neurons require trophic support from Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), that signals via the full-length Tropomyosin kinase B receptor (TrkBTK+). The truncated BDNF receptor (TrkBTK−) may perpetuate neuroinflammation and the apoptosis-related p75 receptor may counteract the effects of BDNF. We hypothesised that transcriptional changes in either BDNF, and/or a transcription factor critical for the maintenance of dopamine neurons (Nuclear Receptor Related-1 protein; NURR1), and/or BDNF receptors – TrkB (TK + or TK-) and p75, would be found in the post-mortem schizophrenia midbrain, particularly in high inflammation cases. Using RT-qPCR, mRNA levels of NURR1, BDNF, TrkB and p75 were quantified from schizophrenia (n = 65) and control (n = 64) ventral mesencephalon. We found significant decreases in BDNF IV, TrkBTK+ and NURR1 (14–18%) and increases in TrkBTK− and p75 (18–35%) mRNA levels in schizophrenia compared to controls (all p < 0.05), with exacerbation in high inflammation schizophrenia. To determine whether these changes result from chronic antipsychotic treatment, we treated healthy adult rats with antipsychotics and found all corresponding trophic mRNAs to be unaltered. SnRNAseq of human midbrain showed that p75 receptor mRNA is primarily localised in oligodendrocytes and pan-TrkB mRNA is distributed to both neurons and astrocytes. We confirmed that p75 was localised to oligodendrocyte-like cells by immunohistochemistry. Altogether, we find transcriptional evidence of reduced levels of trophic support in the midbrain in schizophrenia and suggest that this may directly impact dopamine neuron health, particularly in neuroinflammatory conditions.
Cortical structure and chronic sinusitis: analyzing through imaging data and mendelian randomization
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Tu Junhao , Wu Ying , Wan Wei , Ye Jing , Yang Chunping
Published: September 2024

Previous studies have reported abnormal brain activity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but the relationship between cortical structure and CRS remains unclear. Therefore, we employed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR) analysis to investigate this relationship. Data from 17,989 CRS patients and 308,457 controls were used. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans were conducted on 51,665 individuals to measure surface area (SA), thickness (TH), and 34 specific functional regions. For preliminary estimates, we utilized the inverse variance weighted method. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy were assessed using Mendelian randomization-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. We observed an association between reduced lateral orbitofrontal surface area (OR = 1.12, P = 0.012) and increased pericalcarine TH (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.71–0.93, p = 0.002) with an increased likelihood of CRS. MRI data from all subjects were collected and analyzed using surface-based morphometry (SBM). It was found that the cortical TH of the right lateral orbitofrontal region in CRS patients(2.79 ± 0.14) showed a notable increase compared to the healthy control group(2.71 ± 0.18). Our two-sample MR and cortical TH alteration analysis provided suggestive evidence that changes in specific brain regions are involved in CRS development, supporting the notion that the brain can influence the immune system. However, the specific mechanisms by which the brain exerts direct neural control over the immune system require further investigation.
Molecular networking of arachidin related compounds from elicited peanut hairy root culture and their potential activity against HCT116 colon cancer cells.
Authors: Limmongkon Apinun , Bueschl Christoph , Doppler Maria , Schuhmacher Rainer , Phimsen Suchada , Tothong Chonnikan , Pankaew Chanyanut , Wongkham Piyathida , Wongkham Warissara
Published: September 2024

Numerous stressors are known to trigger the synthesis of phytoalexins in plants. Specifically, stilbenoids, notably trans-arachidin compounds, are induced in elicited peanut hairy root cultures. This study employed two distinct elicitation strategies on peanut hairy root cultures and analyzed stilbenoid profiles alongside their respective biological effects. Results from HPLC-UV revealed that a combination of paraquat, methyl jasmonate, and cyclodextrin (PQ + MeJA + CD) over 72 hrs notably stimulated the production of trans-resveratrol (Res), surpassing levels of trans-arachidin-1 (Ara-1) and trans-arachidin-3 (Ara-3) in the culture medium. Conversely, elicitation with chitosan, methyl jasmonate, and cyclodextrin (CHT + MeJA + CD) led to higher concentrations of Ara-1 and Ara-3 compared to Res in the medium. LC-HRMS/MS and subsequent molecular networking revealed chemical diversity among trans-arachidins and related compounds in peanut hairy root samples. Differential comparison of elicitation mixtures using CHT instead of PQ in the elicitation mixture led to increased metabolite abundances in both roots and the culture medium, with higher levels observed in the medium samples. MTT assays on HCT116 human colon cancer cells demonstrated greater cytotoxicity of extracts from the culture medium compared to root tissue extracts. This study underscores that distinct stilbenes with comparable bioactivities can be induced through various elicitation methods in peanut hairy root cultures. However, the use of CHT as an elicitor holds particular interest due to its non-toxic and environmentally friendly nature compared to PQ.
Null cell PitNET/adenoma of the pituitary gland with post-radiation sarcoma and dedifferentiation
Authors: Luebke Andreas M. , Riemenschneider Markus J. , Herms Jochen , Saeger Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

A male patient at the age of 30 was operated due to an inactive pituitary adenoma of null cel cell type. The tumor relapsed twice and received sterotactic radiotherapy in 1992 and 2006. Re-examination of the tumor of 2006 in 2021 showed SF-1 expression leading to diagnosis of gonadotrophic PitNET/adenoma. Additionally a second spindle cell tumor was identified in 2021. This mesenchymal tumor expressed vimentin, smooth muscle actin and nuclear p53. FISH revealed a polysomy for chromosome 12 but no amplification of MDM2. This tumor was classified as spindle- and pleomorphic sarcoma. In contrast to the tumor in 2006 the PitNET/adenoma was negative for SF-1 and had to be classified as null cell PitNET. This dedifferentiation is likely to be due to a loss of SF-1 transcription factor formation.
Problem-based learning-standardized preoperative conversation improves neurosurgery residents' understanding of cerebellopontine angle tumors
Authors: Ma Caizhi , Xue Xiaojie , Xu Fenfen , Man Jianquan , Nyalali Alphonce M.K , Zhang Kailiang
Published: September 2024

Objectives
This study aims to explore the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) and Prescription-based preoperative talk (PPT) teaching methods in the teaching of tumors in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) of clinical neurosurgery residents.
Methods
130 neurosurgery residents in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group adopted the combination of problem-based learning (PBL) and Prescription-based preoperative talk (PPT), referred to as PPP. In contrast, the control group simply learned the material on their own. The effectiveness of the teaching methods was then assessed using theory test scores and customized questionnaires.
Results
Compared with the control group, the test scores of the experimental group were significantly improved (P = 0.005). In addition, the test score of the experimental group was still higher than that of the control group one month after course (P = 0.033). The satisfaction questionnaire of PPP teaching method showed that the experimental group had higher satisfaction in 6 aspects of stimulating an interest, enhancing students’ self-learning abilities, mastery of basic and anatomical knowledge, analytical and problem-solving skills, help for clinical thinking, doctor-patient communication skills.
Conclusion
In the teaching of cerebellopontine angle tumors, the PPP teaching method can provide a unique experiential learning opportunity for neurosurgery residents, improve theoretical test scores, and promote self-evaluation and satisfaction. In addition, this method can enhance neurosurgical residents' understanding of tumor diseases in CPA region. Therefore, it helps to improve the overall teaching effectiveness.
Psychological distress among Bangladeshi health care providers: fear of infection and anxiety in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Ara Jesan , Shirin Anjuman
Published: September 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented stress on healthcare providers worldwide, impacting their mental well-being. This cross-sectional study aims to explore the psychological distress experienced by Bangladeshi healthcare providers, focusing on the fear of infection and anxiety during the ongoing COVID-19 crisis.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving a sample of healthcare professionals across various medical settings in Bangladesh. Participants were assessed using standardized psychological distress scales (GHQ-28), including the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S) and the Bangla version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), to measure fear of infection and anxiety, respectively. Demographic and professional variables were also collected.
Results
Preliminary findings indicate a significant prevalence of psychological distress among Bangladeshi healthcare providers, with elevated levels of anxiety and fear of infection. The study reveals potential correlations between psychological distress and demographic factors such as age, gender, and professional experience.
Conclusion
This study sheds light on the critical issue of psychological distress among healthcare providers in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and support systems to address the mental health challenges faced by frontline workers.
Extraction of chromophores from flowers of Rosa indica, Bougainvillea glabra, and Tagetes erecta and their application on cotton fabric
Authors: Nazir Faiza , Nazir Ahsan , Ahmad Robass , Abid Hafiz Affan , Abbas Toqeer , Shah Anis Ali
Published: September 2024

Due to the environmentally damaging effects of synthetic dyes and mordants, research has been carried out to introduce new methods and sources for the extraction of natural dyes and mordants. Three different flowers R. Indica, B. Glabra, and T. Erecta were selected to extract natural dyes. The Alo Vera gel and Azadirachta indica were used as natural mordants and compared with synthetic mordants namely Copper sulfate and Ferrous sulfate. The extraction was carried out by an incubator shaker and the optimum conditions obtained were 2 hours of shaking at 60℃. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity of liquid extracts was also performed. It was shown by the results that all the plants have the potential to show both activities. The TPC and TFC of all the plants were also noticeable. After the dye extraction, cotton fabric was dyed by them then the fabric was characterized by fastness to washing, and crocking. The results suggested that bougainvillea glabra is a better dye for dyeing purposes as compared to Rosa indica and Tagetes erecta. As a mordant Aloe Vera gel is proved to be better than Neem (Azadirachta indica).
Alleviating biotic stress of Powdery Mildew in mango cv. Keitt by Sulfur nanoparticles and assessing their effect on productivity and disease severity
Authors: El-Nasr Mohamed K. Abou , Nasser Mohamed A. , Ebrahim Mohamed , Samaan Mina S. F.
Published: September 2024

The control of powdery mildew disease is one of the main objectives in Mango production. Mango production with superior quality is becoming increasingly challenging due to climate change, which may negatively affect all stages of their development. Recently, Nanotechnology is a promising and rapidly evolving field that could be a very useful tool to raise the efficiency of fungicides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) and reducing the incidence of powdery mildew, improving growth performance and productivity in mango cv. Keitt (Mangifera indica L.). Four concentrations of SNPs (0, 100, 300, and 500 ppm) were compared to sulfur microform (bulk) at a concentration of 500 ppm. At a private farm on Cairo Alex Desert Road K78, Egypt, foliar spray treatments were administered to an eight-year-old mango cv. Keitt grafted on Sukari rootstock. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized block design, with each tree receiving a five-liter spray of the solution. The results suggested that the use of 100 ppm concentration of SNPs led to reducing powdery mildew disease incidence in mango and achieved the highest significant productivity. Furthermore, the TSS and vitamin C increased significantly in association with decreasing titratable acidity in fruits. In aggregate, our data demonstrated that 100 ppm and 300 ppm of sulfur nanoparticles was more efficient than 500 ppm of sulfur bulk in improving POD and PPO enzyme activity.
Visualization of the Persistent Avascular Retina in Ultra-widefield Fundus Imaging Using a Digital Green Filter
Authors: Ünal Ayşe Cengiz , Akıdan Melih , Erol Muhammet kazım
Published: September 2024

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine which filter facilitated the easier detection of the persistent avascular retina (PAR) in ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus imaging in children undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods A total of 20 eyes of 10 children aged between 6 to 9 who underwent diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for ROP were included. Fundus images were obtained using Optos confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO; Optos PLC, Dunfermline, Scotland). The images were divided and recorded into three groups as original images (composite filter), red filter, and green filter. These images were prepared as a slideshow for 10 ophthalmology specialists and they were surveyed to determine in which filter the peripheral avascular area was more easily detected. The results were evaluated. Results The rate of detecting the PAR in green-filtered images by the participants included in the study was found to be statistically higher compared to other filters (composite 0,63 ± 0,09 (0,5 − 0,8), red 0,12 ± 0,05 (0,05 − 0,2), and green 0,94 ± 0,06 (0,85 − 1), p < 0.0001). All respondents reported that the boundaries of the peripheral avascular area were more clearly defined in the green-filtered UWF fundus images. Conclusion Each filters used in UWF fundus imaging helps to visualize different layers of the retina. Our study results showed that the green filter, by overshadowing the choroidal vessels, made the retinal vessel terminations more prominent. Based on these findings, we believe that UWF fundus images with the green filter selected are more useful for detecting and monitoring the PAR.
Preoperative severe pain, decreased function, and high anxiety levels increase preoperative anxiety in elderly patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Jeon Young Dae , Park Ki-Bong , Kim Sang-Gon , Park Jae-Hwan
Published: September 2024

Background:
Patients experience clinically significant anxiety from the time they are recommended to undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a preoperative intervention regarding anxiety levels in elderly patients undergoing TKA for knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to evaluate whether patient characteristics affect the effectiveness of the intervention according to anxiety level.
Methods:
This retrospective observational study recruited 89 elderly patients who underwent TKA under general anesthesia for knee OA. The preoperative multidisciplinary intervention comprised rehabilitation education and an interview with an orthopedic surgeon regarding surgical preparation status. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was administered before and after the preoperative intervention.
Results:
The mean STAI score significantly improved after the intervention. The proportion of patients with clinically meaningful state anxiety (CMSA) also significantly decreased after the intervention. There were no significant differences in demographic and social factors between the two groups. However, the patients whose CMSA status did not improve experienced severe pain, poor functional scores, and high anxiety scores.
Conclusions:
For elderly patients undergoing TKA, the implementation of a patient-specific preoperative multidisciplinary intervention, which consists of preoperative rehabilitation education and a surgeon interview, helps reduce preoperative anxiety. However, these preoperative multidisciplinary interventions may not be effective in patients who present with severe pain, poor functional status, or high anxiety levels before surgery. Thus, higher levels of preoperative multidisciplinary intervention for anxiety may be necessary.