bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient experiences and perspectives of health service access for carpal tunnel syndrome in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Normalisation Process Theory-informed qualitative study
Authors: Buhler Miranda , Atmore Carol , Perry Meredith , Crengle Sue , Norris Pauline , Baxter G. David
Published: June 2023

Background Early access to care for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can avoid higher rates of surgery and permanent harm yet is often delayed, particularly for populations more likely to underutilise care.
Objective We sought to explore patient experiences and perspectives of health service access for CTS to inform an equity-focussed co-design of a health service for improving early care access.
Methods In this Normalisation Process Theory (NPT)-informed qualitative study we conducted semistructured in-depth interviews with 19 adults with experience of CTS. Recruitment prioritised New Zealand Māori, Pasifika, low-income, and rural populations. Data were analysed using deductive then inductive thematic analysis.
Results We identified five major themes: 1) the ‘Significant Impact’ of the sense-making and relational work to understand the condition, deciding when to get care, compelling clinicians to provide care, and garnering help from others; 2) ‘Waiting and Paying’ – the enacting, relational, and appraising work to avoid long wait times unless paying privately, particularly where quality of care was low, employment relations poor, or injury compensation processes faltered; 3) circumstances of ‘Occupation and Onset’ whereby the burden of proof to relate onset of CT symptoms to occupation created excessive relational and enacting work; 4) the ‘Information Scarcity’ of good information and the high relational and appraising work associated with using online resources; 5) ‘Negotiating Telehealth Perspectives’ with telehealth valued if it meant earlier access for all despite the challenges it held for many.
Conclusion Quality, culturally and linguistically responsive information and communication from clinicians and health services will improve equitable early access to CTS care including realising the potential of telehealth modes of care. Policy changes that reduce individual burden of proof in injury compensation claims processes, enable time off work to attend health appointments, and increase public funding for surgical resources would improve early access to CTS care particularly for Māori and Pacific populations and those in small and rural workplaces. NPT is valuable for understanding where opportunities lie to reduce the work involved in accessing health care for populations more likely to underutilise care.
Description of chest pain patients in the Emergency Department at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Ajman
Authors: Fouda Ghada , Vallabh Kamil , Elbahrawy Magda
Published: June 2023

results
Mean age of the studied population was 49.22 ± 12.65, most of the studied population were males, Male to female ratio was 2:1, mode of transport was mainly by Walking 94 (47%), private vehicle 50 (25%) and by ambulance 31(15.5%). Majority of patients were given triage 3 (moderate pain severity) 156 (78%), mean heart rate was 87.56 ± 17.97. In the 200 study population 103 were diagnosed as nonspecific chest pain 103 (51.5%), 27 (13.5%) were musculoskeletal chest pain. We found that 26 patients (13%) suffered from acute myocardial infarction (18 STEMI and 8 NSTEMI). Regarding the 18 patients with STEMI 15 (83.3%) were males and 3 (16.7%) were females, 12 sent for PCI and 6 for thrombolysis. Admitted patients were 40 (65%) with different diagnoses. Identifying patients with chest pain who have acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presents a challenge to ED physicians.
Validity and reliability of My Jump 2 app for estimating maximum height in counter-movement jump according to new method
Authors: Murawa Michal , Krakowiak Waldemar , Kabacinski Jaroslaw
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to determine the validity of My Jump 2 app compared to the force platform, and the reliability of this measurement tool for estimating the maximum height (MH) in the counter-movement jump (CMJ). Twenty-one untrained male students (age: 21.0 ± 1.9 years) participated in the study. The MH was estimated based on: (1) the displacement of the jumper’s center of mass (force platform), (2) the displacement time (DT) of the reflective marker stuck on the jumper’s sacrum according to the new concept and the flight time (FT) of the jumper (smartphone with My Jump 2 app), and (3) displacement of the reflective marker stuck on the jumper’s sacrum (mo-cap system). The analysis included intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearson correlation coefficient (r), Bland-Altman systematic bias and Cronbach’s alpha (α). Assessment of the concurrent validity showed a poor agreement (ICC = 0.362; bias = 12.4 cm) at r = 0.849 between the My Jump 2 app for FT and force platform (p < 0.001), a good agreement (ICC = 0.858; bias = -0.3 cm) at r = 0.763 between the My Jump 2 app for DT and force platform (p < 0.001) and an excellent agreement (ICC = 0.955; bias = -0.4 cm) at r = 0.913 between the mo-cap system and force platform (p < 0.001). The α values (> 0.9) indicated a very good reliability of all measurement tools. Findings revealed a high accuracy of the MH estimation method in CMJ based on the displacement of the marker stuck on the sacrum using the My Jump 2 app and mo-cap system.
Computational Exploration of Lung Function Genetics Across Populations via Public GWAS Data Integration
Authors: Zainab Afeefa , Anzawa Hayato , Kinoshita Kengo
Published: June 2023

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is a highly prevalent disease, making it a leading cause of death worldwide. Several GWAS have been performed across multiple populations to measure lung function and identify loci associated with COPD. Population-specific GWAS shows that every population has a different ancestral genetic composition for the same disease in different populations. To analyze trans-ethnic genetics, GWAS meta-analysis is the commonly used method; however, meta-analysis has some limitations in terms of genetic heterogeneity when used for cross-population GWAS analysis, even though transethnic analyses are becoming increasingly important for personalized medicine in each population. In this study, we proposed a transethnic linkage disequilibrium LD analysis to identify common and unique functional variants in different population cohorts.
Methods
Lung function measurement is used as an indicator for the risk prediction of COPD; therefore, we used lung function GWAS data from two populations. The results from the Japanese and European population GWAS for lung function were re-evaluated using a trans-ethnic LD approach.
Results
This study identified nine novel independent significant single nucleotide variants SNVs and four lead SNVs in three genomic risk loci in the Japanese GWAS, whereas five novel lead SNVs and 17 novel independent significant SNPs were identified in 21 genomic risk loci in the European population. Comparative analysis revealed 28 genes that were similar in the prioritized gene lists of both populations. We also performed a meta-analysis-based post-GWAS analysis that identified 18 common genes in both populations less frequently than in our approach. Our approach identified significant novel associations and genes that have not been previously reported or were missed in the meta-analysis.
Conclusions
This study proposes a trans-ethnic LD approach for cross-population GWAS analysis that will help understand genetic diversity among different populations and identify generalized and population-specific treatment and diagnostic options.
Appropriate use of triazolam in elderly patients considering a quantitative benefit-risk assessment based on real-world data with a modeling and simulation approach
Authors: Okada Akira , Sera Shoji , Nagai Naomi
Published: June 2023

Background
Triazolam is a typical drug commonly used in the elderly; however, there have been concerns about its adverse events resulting from age-related changes in physiological function anddrug interactions with concomitant drugs. Thus, updated information contributing to the appropriate use based on the latest pharmacokinetic and post-marketing surveillance methods, is needed. In this study, we evaluated the appropriate use of triazolam in the elderly by integrating real-world data with a modeling and simulation approach.
Methods
The occurrence risk of adverse events in the elderly was evaluated using the spontaneous adverse event reporting regulatory databases from Japan and the United States. Information on drug concentrations and reactions was extracted from previous publications to estimated the threshold for plasma triazolam concentrations that cause adverse events.. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model was then constructed, and the dose and administration were evaluated in various situations anticipated in medical practice.
Results
Among all prescriptions, 25.4% were prescribed to individuals aged 80 years or above, and 51.8% were for those aged 70 years or above. A majority of cases involved CYP3A-metabolized drug combinations, accounting for 85.6%. Elderly individuals were at a higher risk of developing delirium and fall-fracture. Based on the constructed PK/PD model, the risk of adverse events increased when the plasma concentration of triazolam exceeded the calculated threshold of 0.44 µg/mL at approximately 6 hours after administration. Administering 0.125 mg of triazolam, which is half the approved dose for the elderly in Japan, was deemed appropriate. Moreover, there was a substantial risk of adverse events even at a dosage of 0.0625 mg in combination with a moderate or strong inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A.
Conclusion
Analysis by integrating large-scale databases and existing research publications on PK/PD can practically contribute to the optimization of triazolam drug therapy for the elderly in the daily clinical setting.
Physical activity and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria: Does age and gender make a difference?
Authors: Muomah Rosemary C. , Chukwuorji JohnBosco C. , Nwonyi Sampson K. , Tay Doris A. , Joachim Dale , Malete Leapetswe , Adamba Clement , Nyawornota Vida Korleki , Nyanynofio Oscar , Donkor Samuel Kofi , Ocansey Reginald
Published: June 2023

Background
There is overwhelming evidence indicating that depression may be reduced by physical activity (PA) but studies in lower- and middle-income countries and those that involved data at higher physical activity doses were underrepresented. The current study investigated the associations between PA levels (vigorous, moderate, walking and sitting) and depression, and tested whether age and gender moderates the link between PA and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method
Participants were 857 adults (51.0% women; aged 18–69, mean age = 29.71, SD = 10.84 years) who completed an online survey as part of the General Health, Speech and Physical Activity Relationship Assessment Study in Nigeria. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) while depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
Results
Results of Hayes PROCESS macro indicated that those who engaged in vigorous PA reported lower levels of depression. Sitting, walking and moderate PA were not significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Older participants reported less symptoms of depression. Women had higher depressive symptoms compared to men. The interactions of age and gender with the PA levels were not significant, which showed that age and gender did not moderate the relationships of PA and depression.
Conclusion
Health practitioners should encourage people to engage in vigorous PA in order to reduce levels of depression and improve mental health in the general population.
Neuroinflammatory and Metabolomic Temporal Dynamics Following Wood Smoke Inhalation
Authors: Scieszka David , Jin Yan , Noor Shahani , Barr Ed , Garcia Marcus , Begay Jessica , Herbert Guy , Hunter Russell P , Bhaskar Kiran , Kumar Rahul , Gullapalli Rama , Bolt Alicia , McCormick Mark A. , Bleske Barry , Gu Haiwei , Campen Matthew
Published: June 2023

Smoke from wildland fires has been shown to produce neuroinflammation in preclinical models, characterized by neural infiltrations of neutrophils and monocytes, as well as altered neurovascular endothelial phenotypes. To address the longevity of such outcomes, the present study examined the neuroinflammatory and metabolomic temporal dynamics after inhalation exposures from biomass-derived smoke. 2-month-old female C57BL/6J mice were exposed to wood smoke every other day for two weeks at an average exposure concentration of 0.5mg/m3. Subsequent serial euthanasia occurred at 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, and 28-days post-exposure. Flow cytometry of right hemispheres revealed two endothelial populations of PECAM (CD31), high and medium expressors, with wood smoke inhalation causing an increased proportion of PECAMHi. These populations of PECAMHi and PECAMMed were associated with an anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory response, respectively, and their inflammatory profiles were largely resolved by the 28-day mark. However, activated microglial populations (CD11b+/CD45low) remained higher in wood smoke-exposed mice than controls at day 28. Infiltrating neutrophil populations decreased to levels below controls by day 28. However, the MHC-II expression of the peripheral immune infiltrate remained high, and the population of neutrophils retained an increased expression of CD45, Ly6C, and MHC-II. Utilizing an unbiased approach examining the metabolomic alterations, we observed notable hippocampal perturbations in neurotransmitter and signaling molecules like glutamate, quinolinic acid, and 5-α-dihydroprogesterone. Utilizing a targeted panel designed to explore the aging-associated NAD+ metabolic pathway, wood smoke exposure drove fluctuations and compensations across the 28-day time course, ending with decreased hippocampal NAD+ abundance at day 28. Summarily, these results indicate a highly dynamic neuroinflammatory environment, with potential resolution extending past 28 days, the implications of which may include long-term behavioral changes, systemic and neurological sequalae directly associated wtith wildfire smoke exposure.
Discovery of N6-methyladenosine modification regulators and their related mRNAs in endometriosis
Authors: Ren Chengcheng , He Yanan , Wang Dejun , Li Jixin , Sun Liyuan , Zhang Guangmei
Published: June 2023

Background N6-methyladenosine(m6A) modification regulates the processes of RNA splicing, subcellular localization, translation and stability by changing the RNA structure and the interaction between RNA and RNA-binding proteins to ensure the timely and accurate expression of genes. In this study, we investigated m6A regulators and m6A-related genes and for the first time explored effective prevention and treatment targets in endometriosis (EM). Methods By incorporating the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, biological information analysis technologies, and validation of other databases, aberrant m6A-methylated genes and m6A-related genes were uncovered, as well as efficient therapeutic drugs. Results METTL3, RMB15B, FTO, YTHDF1, and YTHDF2 might be vital m6A regulators, and GGT5 and CAMK1D may be essential m6A-related genes of EM. A few crucial small-molecule agents supply new views for the treatment of EM. Conclusion These results demonstrated novel insights into m6A methylation of EM and revealed potential biomarkers and precision medicine strategies for EM.
Generation of multiple jet capillaries in advanced dielectric barrier discharge for large-scale plasma jets
Authors: Nguyen Duc Ba , Saud Shirjana , Trinh Quang Thang , An Hongjie , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Trinh Quang Hung , Do Hoang Tung , Mok Young Sun , Lee Won Gyu
Published: June 2023

Multiple Ar jet capillaries (4 jets) were successfully generated by an advanced dielectric barrier discharge reactor. The advanced reactor consisted of two ring-shaped electrodes (thickness of 0.5 mm) covering the 4-bore quartz tubing (bore diameters of 1 mm; outer diameter of 6 mm), and two electrodes had a gap of 6 mm and were isolated by immersing it to liquid dielectric to prevent arcing between two electrodes and high performance of plasma jet. The performance of multiple Ar jet capillaries by the advanced reactor demonstrated less consumption of Ar gas (1–3 L/min) for obtaining total π mm2 cross-section area of plasma jets conjugated with jet temperatures not over 40°C; the temperature is suitable for implementing plasma to bio-applications. Furthermore, the plasma jet spread when it interreacted with a surface (dielectric materials, skin); consequently, the surface-effected plasma jet up to an area square of 8 mm2. Analysis of optical emissions spectra of the multiple Ar jet capillaries indicated that the jet sources consist of reactivated species and proposed that the plasma device has potential for applications in bio-applications and materials treatments.
A Ranged-based Association Rule and GAN-based Hybrid Approach for Imbalanced Classification
Authors: Ahmed Zahid , Das Sufal
Published: June 2023

Machine learning has been extensively used in the field of automation systems, and in machine learning, imbalanced data is a prevalent word in fact it is a challenging element to deal with. How to deal with this imbalanced data is a major focus for the majority of studies. In terms of balancing the data, at the data level point under-sampling, over-sampling, and their variants are widely used. Since over-sampling creates precise replicas of examples from the minority class, it may increase the risk of over-fitting. Under-sampling wipes out a significant quantity of data, making it more difficult to determine where the decision boundary between minority and majority classes lies. In this work, a novel method has been proposed that combines both under-sampling and over-sampling strategies based on the Heuristic Range-Basd Association rule and a modified Tabular Generative Adversarial Network (TGAN) known as the Ranged-based Association rule and GAN-based Hybrid (RAMGANH) to avoid those kinds of problem scores and produce a well-balanced data set. The proposed approach has been tested by using existing standard classifiers with a few standard data sets, and the results demonstrate appreciable improvements in the classifier performance than the other state of-art-method.
Glucocorticoid receptor regulates the EMT process through GR/ZEB1/E-cad and is involved in breast cancer endocrine drug resistance
Authors: Tang Yuhan , Ma Jianli , Zhang Han , Ma Weiwei , Ma Wenjie , O'Keefe Thomas J. , Pratap Akshay , Yamada Akimitsu , Wang Lu , Gao Yuan , Zhang Qingyuan , Zhao Wenhui
Published: June 2023

Background
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR) belong to the steroid receptor family. Studies have shown that there is a cross-regulation between ER and GR that can affect the EMT process.
Methods
The present study verified the promoting effect of GR on breast cancer endocrine resistance. Survival and GR gene expression data was obtained from the METABRIC. GR gene expression profiling data were obtained from the GEO. Cytoscape was used to construct a PPI network and screen the key genes. Vimentin, E-cad, and Wnt/β-catenin gene expression data was obtained from TCGA. The co-expression method was employed to screen the key protein. The UALCAN and cBioPortal were used to verify the function of the key protein.
Results
In ER + breast cancer, GR and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were lowly expressed and KEGG showed that down-regulated genes of GR differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cell adhesion molecules. We screened for the key protein ZEB1 and found that high levels of this protein in ER + breast cancer were positively associated with prolonged RFS in patients receiving endocrine therapy, while high levels of E-cad were negatively associated. GR expression was positively associated with ZEB1, negatively associated with E-cad, and negatively associated with the SET domain-containing 1B, histone lysine methyltransferase (SETD1B), a gene downstream of ZEB1. In contrast, ZEB1 expression was negatively correlated with E-cad and negatively correlated with SETD1B.
Conclusions
In ER + breast cancers, GR expression is suppressed, and the EMT process is inhibited by suppressing ZEB1 expression and thus promoting E-cad expression.
Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images Based on Dual Channel Attention Mechanism（DCAM）
Authors: Jiang Jionghui , Feng Xi’an , Huang Hui
Published: June 2023

With the rapid increase of remote sensing data and the vigorous development of remote sensing technology, deep learning-based segmentation of remote sensing image targets has become the optimal solution. This paper proposes a deep learning remote sensing image semantic segmentation model based on the dual-channel attention mechanism (DCAM), which combines traditional deep learning segmentation techniques with the latest attention mechanism module. The proposed algorithm inputs RGB remote sensing images into an Unet downsampling network combined with the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to extract color space features, and Gray remote sensing images into an Unet downsampling network combined with the Self-Attention Module (SAM) to extract shape space features. Finally, the Conact method is used to combine the CBAM layer and SAM layer with the Unet upsampling model to achieve semantic segmentation of remote sensing images. The training and testing on the remote sensing image dataset CCF demonstrate that the algorithm proposed in this paper achieves significantly superior segmentation accuracy compared to traditional semantic segmentation algorithms and other semantic segmentation algorithms that combine other attention modules in various aspects.
Mycorrhizal functional type shapes nitrogen availability in a regenerating forest
Authors: Welker Les , Ward Elisabeth B. , Bradford Mark A. , Ferraro Kristy M.
Published: June 2023

Background and Aims
In closed-canopy, mature forests, tree and shrub mycorrhizal associations are important controls on soil nitrogen availability. Whether these plant-fungal effects are observed in forests at earlier successional stages, following disturbances such as harvests or windstorms, is largely unexplored. We quantify how tree versus shrub mycorrhizal associations influence soil nitrogen cycling and explore the potential for known underlying mechanisms, such as the availability of soil carbon, to explain the patterns we observe.
Methods
We measure potential net N mineralization and nitrification rates, as well as variables associated with carbon availability, for soils from under ecto- or ericoid mycorrhizal plant-fungal associations in a recently harvested temperate forest.
Results
Net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates were suppressed under regenerating ericoid mycorrhizal plants compared to those under ectomycorrhizal associations. Soil carbon availabilities were not different under these functional groups, suggesting that other mechanisms, such as the formation of protein-tannin complexes, likely create nitrogen limitation under ericoid mycorrhizal plants in early successional forest stands.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that understanding local heterogeneity in the functional group diversity of mycorrhizal associations will be as important in early versus mid- to late-successional forest stands, for understanding nitrogen availability in forests and resultingly their responses to intensifying disturbance regimes.
Identification of the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network and hub mRNAs involved in multiple sclerosis through bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Huang Yanning , Bu Tianshu , Wu Lei , Sun Hui , Gao Sai , Huang Dehui , Zhang Xi
Published: June 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common chronic autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS); yet, its underlying pathogenesis is still unclear. Circular RNA (circRNA) has been reported to play a crucial role in CNS diseases by modulating miRNA and mRNA through various mechanisms. However, little is known about the relationship between circRNAs and MS. In this study, we utilized bioinformatics to identify differentially expressed circRNAs (DE circRNAs), microRNAs (DE miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (DE mRNAs) between MS patients and healthy controls. A total of 591 DE circRNAs, 147 DE miRNAs, and 199 DE mRNAs were identified. Based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory, the top 5 circRNAs that differed significantly in DE circRNA were selected to construct the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks. Finally, we obtained four networks associated with hsa_circ-0092125, hsa_circ-0025597, hsa_circ-0007609 and hsa_circ-0000807. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to analyse the biological functions of relevant mRNAs in the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks, and the results were consistent with the current recognized hypothesis of MS pathogenesis. Additionally, the LASSO model was used to analyse hub mRNAs related to MS in the networks, and circRNA/miRNA/hub mRNA networks were obtained, providing insights into the pathogenesis of MS.
A Combined Analytical and Computational approach towards Mechanophenotyping of Biological Cells using Poroelasticity and Machine Learning
Authors: Haider S. A. , Kumar G. , Goyal T. , Raj A.
Published: June 2023

Mechanical properties are vital biomarkers for the health state of biological cells and indirectly human health. Mathematical and computational models relating the mechanical properties of cells with their deformation are valuable tools for understanding and predicting cellular behavior. Numerous models and techniques have been developed to measure the stiffness and viscosity of biological cells. Recent experimental investigations demonstrated that biological cells are poroelastic materials of solid networks bathed with cytosol liquid in the pores (Moeendarbary et al. (2013), Nature Materials). However, a mathematical model relating the deformation of poroelastic cell material with Young's modulus of Solid networks has not been reported yet to the best of our knowledge. This paper presents a combined mathematical and computational approach to the mechanophenotyping of biological cells. First, an analytical model is presented that considers the poroelastic nature of cells and relates Young's modulus of solid network with cell deformation. The developed model has been validated by predicting its Young’s Modulus based on the experimental data on deformation characteristics of cells squeezing through constriction microchannel. Model’s predicted Young’s Modulus for three different cell lines; HeLa, MCF-10A, and MDAMB-231 are \(153.64\pm 60.3 \text{k}\text{P}\text{a}, 97.84 \pm 41.7 \text{k}\text{P}\text{a}, \text{a}\text{n}\text{d} 67.9 \pm 48.8 \text{k}\text{P}\text{a}\) respectively, which matches well with the measurements reported using conventional techniques in literature. Furthermore, two artificial neural network (ANN) models are developed to predict Young's modulus and viscosity of cells based on measured deformation parameters for HeLa, MCF 10A, and MDA MB-231 cells. The neural network with an architecture of 4-8-9-1 is found to be best suited for Young's modulus predictions with \(R\sim0.974\). In contrast, the 4-7-8-1 architecture could provide better results for viscosity predictions of the given cell lines with \(R\sim0.999\). Further, a linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) model is also presented to classify the three given cell lines based on their initial diameter and elongation behavior in the constriction microchannel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present a poroelasticity-based mathematical model for biological cells predicting cell stiffness based on their deformation characteristics. Additionally, it is the first one to explore the classification of different cell lines based on their elongation ratio, derived from the analysis of static images within a constriction channel, eliminating the need for time-based studies. This combined analytical and computational approach can prove to be very useful for the direct estimation of mechanical properties of cells based on their squeezing behavior through constriction microchannel.
Titanium-embedded nanocomposite material stimulates ion-exchange characteristics to deal with pollutants in aquatic environment
Authors: KODISPATHI T. , MISPA K. JACINTH
Published: June 2023

Nano-sized composite ion-exchanger can be applied as an electrochemically switchable ion-exchanger for waste water treatment, especially pollutants removal process. Advanced polyaniline/Ti(IV) iodomolybdate nanocomposite ion-exchanger have been synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization shows better ion-exchange capacity than individual inorganic counterpart. The physico-chemical characterization was done by FT-IR, XRD, simultaneous TGA-DTA, SEM, HR-TEM and electrochemical impedance studies. According to impedance/dielectrical study, it has high resistivity in the low frequency region. The distribution studies and binary separation revealed that the ion-exchange material is highly selective for Pb2+, which is a most important environmental pollutant. Thus, PANI/TIM nanocomposite ion-exchanger can be used for Pb(II) ion-selective membrane for the treatment of aquatic pollutants in future.
Spin-Orbit Coupling Dynamics in a Planar Synchronous Binary Asteroid
Authors: Li Bo-Sheng , Tan Pan , Hou Xi-Yun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The 1:1 spin-orbit resonance phenomenon is widely observed in binary asteroid systems. We aim to investigate the intrinsic dynamic mechanism behind the phenomenon under the coupled influence of the secondary’s rotation and orbital motion.
Methods: The planar sphere--ellipsoid model is used to approximate the synchronous binary asteroid. To solve this strongly nonlinear problem, a novel algorithm based on the Lindstedt--Poincaré (LP) method is proposed to find the explicit solution of the quasi-periodic motion.
Results: Numerical simulations for the Didymos system show that the high-order solution is accurate enough to provide the initial orbital conditions for further dynamic study. With the help of the solution, we compute the stable region for the synchronous state, the contour maps of the Lyapunov characteristic exponent, and the resonance curves of the basic frequencies in the parameter space.
Conclusion: The stable synchronous state requires a small eccentricity e of the mutual orbit but permits a large libration angle θ of the secondary. The anti-correlation of θ and e is confirmed. The sable region for a very elongated secondary is small, which explains the lack of such secondaries in observations (see table 1 in Pravec et al (2016)). In addition, the findings of this research provide insights into chaos and the resonances of basic frequencies, which may play an important role in the evolution of a binary asteroid.
Infant age negatively correlates with the overall load of gut resistome reflecting modifications of carbohydrate metabolism during early life
Authors: Xu Xinming , Feng Qingying , Zhang Tao , Cheng Qu , Gao Yunlong , Zhang Wanqiu , Wu Qinglong , Xu Ke , Li Yucan , Nguyen Nhu , Taft Diana , Mills David , Lemay Danielle , Zhu Weiyun , Mao Shengyong , Zhang Anyun , Xu Kelin , Liu Jinxin
Published: June 2023

Background:
The infant gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes, yet the assembly of gut resistome in infants and its influencing factors remain largely unknown.
Results:
We characterized resistome in 4132 metagenomes from 963 infants in six countries, and 4285 resistance genes were observed. In healthy infants (N = 272), the summed abundance of resistance genes significantly decreased over the first 14 months with two distinct stages: a multi-compound resistance phase (month 0–7) and a tetracycline-mupirocin-β-lactam dominant phase (month 8–14). Microbial taxonomy explained 43.9% of the gut resistome of healthy infants with Escherichia (25.5%) harboring the most resistance genes. Leveraging metagenomes from all infants (N = 963), we found that age negatively correlated with the overall resistance within three years (P < 0.001). This was due to that the age-dependent reduction of resistance genes (e.g., drug-biocide resistance), which were often intrinsic, from Pseudomonadota outweighed the gradual increase of genes (e.g., β-lactams), most of which were transferrable, from Actinomycetota, Bacillota, and Bacteroidota. Our functional profiling analysis further indicated that the maturation of gut resistome was likely driven by infants’changing carbohydrate metabolism, which demonstrated an increasing need for carbohydrate-active enzymes from Bacteroidota and decreasing involvements from Pseudomonadota during infancy. Importantly, we observed an elevated contribution of acquired resistance genes in the resistome over time which was interrelated with increased lateral gene transfer in the developing infant gut microbiome.
Conclusions:
Infant age negatively correlated with the overall load of gut resistome reflecting programmed modification in the gut microbiome, which was likely driven by the changing carbohydrate metabolism during early life.
Evaluating Language Learning Applications from EFL Learners’ Perspectives: The Case of Mondly
Authors: Hajizadeh Sedigheh , Salman Ahmed Rawdhan , Ebadi Saman
Published: June 2023

The field of supplementary language learning applications has experienced considerable growth in recent years. However, evaluations of these applications concerning their affordances and limitations have not been fully explored. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential suitability and limitations of the mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) and computer-assisted language learning (CALL) application called “Mondly” from the perspectives of EFL learners. Drawing upon Reinders and Pegrum’s (2015) framework and utilizing descriptive statistics, we sought to uncover whether Mondly met the assumptions of this framework. A convenience sample of sixty-two participants was recruited to participate in the study. Participants received one training session to learn how to use Mondly and ten sessions to practice learning English as a foreign language (EFL) using the app on their cell phones and website. A final session was allocated for participants to report their experiences of using the app by responding to a questionnaire. The results indicated that Mondly has the potential to benefit EFL learning. The study highlights the importance of evaluating supplementary tools for instructional purposes and identifies some limitations of Mondly. The evaluation can aid in adapting appropriate apps for specific purposes and enhance the quality of MALL applications.
New Model On Multi Floor Simple And Dynamic Plant Layout Problems (MF-SPLP and MF-DPLP)
Authors: sharma rrk , Saini Shivam , Gupta Omprakash K , Lai KK
Published: June 2023

Plant layout problems are well researched problems (see Singh and Sharma [10]) for references. SPLPs (simple plant layout problem) are single period problems where one allots facilities to slots so that sum total of material handling cost is minimized; whereas DPLPs (dynamic plant layout problem) are multi-period problems. In DPLP the flows between facilities or machines change as old products are weeded out and newer ones are added. This necessitates that facilities be relocated to different slots so that we have minimized the sum total of relocation cost and the material handling cost. These problems are known to be NP-Hard. Multi-Floor (MF) layout problems are more complex. Here we give three model on MF-SPLP, MF-DPLP and MF sequence dependent DPLP. Novel formulations and its new linearization(s) are given.
Performance of FAINT score for predicting poor clinical outcome in elderly patients presenting with syncope
Authors: koçkara Elif , Aksel Gökhan , Delipoyraz Melike , Arda Umut , Belli Şahin
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives
Our study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the FAINT score in predicting 30-day all-cause death and serious cardiac outcomes in patients aged 60 years and older presenting with syncope.
Methods
Our study, which was designed as a single-center, prospective cohort study, included patients aged 60 years and older who presented to the emergency department with complaints of syncope or presyncope. The primary outcome of the study was defined as 30-day all-cause death or serious cardiac outcome (poor clinical outcome). physician gestalt.
Results
Of the 172 patients included in our study, 9 patients (5.2%) were in the poor clinical outcome group, while 163 (94.8%) patients were in the good clinical outcome group. The sensitivity of the FAINT score was 77.8%, and the specificity was 33.7%. The sensitivity and specificity of the Canadian Syncope Risk Score, which showed the best diagnostic test performance, were calculated as 88.9% and 35.6%, while the sensitivity and specificity of the San Francisco Syncope Rule were 66.7% and 49.1%. The clinician's gestalt had a sensitivity of 33.3% and specificity of 97.6%, showing the lowest performance of all scorings.
Conclusion
The FAINT score showed lower success compared to the diagnostic test performance measures reported in the original study. According to the results of our study, we think that none of the scorings performed adequately and that there is a need to develop clinical decision-making algorithms with higher diagnostic accuracy in the management of patients presenting with syncope.
Dandelion Has Successfully Adapted to Grow in Different Environments
Authors: Abraham Thomas , Abraham Teresa , Thomas Sunil
Published: June 2023

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers) is a perennial herbaceous plant, generally considered as a weed, often seen blooming in the temperate areas during early spring. Dandelions growing in nature reserves or wastelands are significantly taller compared to those growing in lawns in the suburbs. In the lawns of the suburbs, the flower stalk of dandelion is shorter, with an angle of 300 or lower, and grows parallel to the lawn grass so that they can escape lawn mowing. In addition, the dandelion plants in the suburban lawns have shorter leaves and smaller flowers. The long dandelion seed head stalk that grows vertically helps the wind dispersal of its seeds to be transported large distances. Thus, the dandelion has adapted vegetative features for survival in the suburbs.
Emergence of small amount of organic leaching during copper sorption on treated seaweed under ammonium interference
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: June 2023

Biosorbents have been explored as potential adsorbents for wastewater treatment for the past two decades. One of the hindrances hampering their commercial use in wastewater treatment is organic leaching from the biosorbent during sorption of adsorbates. This work reports the characterisation of organic leaching from formaldehyde crosslinked local marine seaweed in the sorption of 20 ppm Cu2+ synthetic wastewater under ammonium interference of 2500 ppm-N. Results revealed good percent removal of copper ions at close to 80% removal even under strong ammonium competitive binding interference. In terms of organic leaching, the total organic carbon (TOC) profile remained at low level of 2 ppm, which demonstrated good structural integrity and strength of the treated seaweed in adsorbing low concentration copper from synthetic wastewater. However, the result must be interpreted with caution as possibility exists of higher organic leaching with sorption of higher concentration of metal ions. Overall, treated seaweed did exhibit small amount of organic leaching of 2 ppm of TOC during sorption of 20 ppm copper ions from synthetic wastewater under strong ammonium competitive binding effect.
Efficient scheme for time-dependent thermal pure quantum state: Application to the Kitaev model with armchair edges
Authors: Taguchi Hirokazu , Koga Akihisa , Murakami Yuta
Published: June 2023

We consider the time-dependent thermal pure quantum state method and introduce the efficient scheme to evaluate the change in physical quantities induced by the time-dependent perturbations, which has been proposed in our previous paper [H. Taguchi et al., Phys. Rev. B 105, 125137 (2022)]. Here, we treat the Kitaev model to consider the Majorana-mediated spin transport, as an example. We demonstrate how efficient our scheme is to evaluate spin oscillations induced by the magnetic field pulse.
Correlation between antiferromagnetic and charge-density-wave order in UPt$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ studied by resonant X-Ray scattering
Authors: Kon Fusako , Tabata Chihiro , Miura Kodai , Hibino Ruo , Hidaka Hiroyuki , Yanagisawa Tatsuya , Nakao Hironori , Amitsuka Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

Relationship between antiferromagnetic order with Néel temperature of 35 K and charge-density-wave (CDW) order below 320 K of UPt_22Si_22 has been investigated by resonant X-ray scattering measurements. We have found that a resonant scattering signal develops below the Néel temperature at the { M}_{ 4}M4 absorption edge of uranium with a propagation vector of the CDW order { q}_{ CDW} \simqCDW∼ (0.42, 0, 0). The experimental results reveal that the magnetic structure of UPt_22Si_22 is modulated by the CDW ordering.
produção sobre política externa brasileira em Programas de Pós-Graduação no Brasil (2000-2019)
Authors: Reis da Silva André Luiz
Published: June 2023

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral identificar e analisar a produção de teses e dissertações sobre Política Externa Brasileira de 2000 até 2019, produzidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação brasileiros. Foram utilizadas diversas abordagens metodológicas, como revisão sistemática da literatura, estruturação de banco de teses com construção de classificadores temáticos e cronológicos, e análise estatística. Como resultado, identificaram-se 1215 trabalhos sobre Política Externa Brasileira, classificados por PPGs, temas e abordagens. Conclui-se que houve um expressivo aumento da produção sobre política Externa Brasileira nas últimas duas décadas, acompanhando a ampliação dos programas de pós-graduação.
On a problem of calculating a set of spare parts that have two types of failures
Authors: Antonov A. V. , Chepurko V. A.
Published: June 2023

Aim.The paper, that continues [24], aims to develop an algorithm that would allow finding the required number of spare items (SPTA) for a complex system, whose elements may or may not be maintainable. Unlike in [24], as a generalisation, the paper introduces additional inoperable states. Those states are characterised by system downtime associated with the replacement of a failed element with an element from the SPTA. If the time of replacement of a failed element is not a negligibly small value as compared to other time indices of the serviced system, it becomes necessary, as suggested, to account for additional inoperable states.Methods.Markov models are used for describing the technical system under consideration. The final probabilities were obtained using a developed system of Kolmogorov equations. A stationary solution was obtained for the system of Kolmogorov equations. Classical methods of the probability theory and mathematical theory of dependability, some special functions were used.Conclusions.The paper formalizes the problem of determining the required number of SPTAs for a system with items that may fail at a random moment in time. The failures may be of two types. The first type of failures leaves an item in an inoperable repairable state. In this case, the item can be repaired in the maintenance unit of the company that operates such item. The second type of failures, a more catastrophic one, leaves the item in an inoperable non-repairable state, and it can be repaired only by the manufacturer or a specialized maintenance company. A Markov graph was built for the respective birth and death process. Equations were formalised for typical states of the Markov graph. A stationary solution was obtained for the system of Kolmogorov equations using induction. The theorem of general solution was proven for all the states of the Markov graph. In case of unlimited repair, the solution is significantly simplified. It was shown that, on an assumption of unlimited repair and momentary replacements, the solution matches the one earlier obtained in a simplified form in [24]. The limit values of the probabilities of inoperable critical and non-critical states were found. They allow concluding that, in case of unlimited repair, the growth of the size of SPTA causes the probability of a critical state of insufficient SPTA to tend to and become zero. Additionally, the probability of an inoperable state associated with the replacement of a failed item with an equivalent from the SPTA that takes a certain time is defined by a stationary unavailability of the alternating repair process. The general solution of the problem allows formalising the SPTA sufficiency coefficient. The required number of SPTAs is identified by progressively increasing the number of SPTAs until the probability of inoperable critical states is below the defined probability of SPTA shortage. An example of finding the required number of SPTAs is given
An approach to detecting anomalies in a self-similar network traffic
Authors: Veselova V. A. , Kolomoytsev V. S.
Published: June 2023

Aim. The effects of cyber attacks cause failures of network elements, theft of information and other unlawful actions. Cyber attacks are often accompanied by untypical traffic activity and anomalies. The paper aims to develop an approach to detecting anomalies in network traffic by identifying the degree of self-similarity of the traffic using fractal analysis and statistical methods. Methods. The paper uses methods of mathematical statistics, mathematical analysis, fractal analysis. Results. The paper suggests an approach to identifying anomalies in network traffic by evaluating self-similarity and using statistical methods for improving the accuracy of cyber attack detection. At the first stage, the Hurst exponent is calculated for the reference traffic. At the second stage, actual traffic is divided into optimal time intervals; for each interval, the Hurst exponent is calculated. If the identified value of the Hurst exponent differs from the one obtained for the reference traffic, it is decided that there is an anomaly. At the final stage, statistical analysis is used in order to precisely localise the anomaly. The authors analysed fractal and statistical methods that resulted in the identification of more efficient methods to be used as part of the proposed approach. For fractal analysis, the DFA method was proposed, while for statistical analysis, the ARFIMA method was proposed. Conclusion. The suggested approach allows identifying cyber attacks in real time or near-real time.