bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health profile of family caregivers of the elderly and its association with variables of care: a rural study
Authors: Brigola Allan Gustavo , Luchesi Bruna Moretti , Rossetti Estefani Serafim , Mioshi Eneida , Inouye Keika , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost
Published: July 2017

Abstract Objective: to analyze the profile of a population of caregivers from a city in a rural area of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and identify their health complaints and the characteristics of care provided. Method: a prospective cross-sectional study was performed based on a domicile survey of 99 caregivers and their elderly care recipients. Information about the profile, context of care and health complaints of the caregivers was collected. The caregivers responded to the Zarit Burden Inventory and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 and the elderly underwent a cognition and functionality assessment. The chi-squared test with odds ratio (OR) was performed to test associations. Result: the majority of the caregivers were women (n=76), elderly (n=83), with a median age 65.8 (±10.4) years and 4.9 (±4.2) years of formal schooling. The most frequent health complaints were pain, systemic hypertension, insomnia, back problems and vision problems. The elderly care recipients were men (n=75), with an average age of 72.0 (±8.2) years. Analysis of associations revealed that caregivers who received emotional support had a lower chance of being highly overburdened (OR=0.37; CI95% 0.15-0.90). Caring for over five years was associated with arthritis (OR=2.50; CI95% 1.0-6.56). Caring of an elderly person with cognitive impairment was strongly associated with peripheral vascular diseases (OR=2.70; CI95% 1.11-6.85) and other diseases (OR=6.94; CI95% 1.43-33.63). Conclusion: A better understanding of the reality of care in rural and remote areas and the identification of factors related to the health care of caregivers provides better care management for the elderly and caregivers, who themselves are aging.
DINÂMICA DA MEMÓRIA: LEITE DERRAMADO E MEMÓRIAS PÓSTUMAS DE BRÁS CUBAS
Authors: SARAIVA JURACY ASSMANN
Published: July 2017

Resumo Partindo do pressuposto de que a memória é um dos fundamentos da literatura, o artigo compara Leite derramado, de Chico Buarque, com Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis. A análise explicita semelhanças e diferenças entre esses romances memorialísticos, relativas a aspectos temáticos e composicionais, e comprova que ambos compõem uma alegoria da nacionalidade brasileira, estabelecendo um paralelismo entre o percurso da vida dos protagonistas, ou de sua família, e episódios da história do Brasil. Conclui que os procedimentos criativos das narrativas compõem um jogo de espelhos que, ao envolver o leitor, reivindica a importância da literatura como espaço de reflexão sobre si mesma e sobre acontecimentos da história, os quais a ficção projeta sob nova luz.
A EVOCAÇÃO DO ROMANCE E O ESPÍRITO SUSPEITOSO EM RESSURREIÇÃO (1872), DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: SANTOS ROGÉRIO FERNANDES DOS
Published: July 2017

Resumo Pretende-se debater a gênese do romance de Machado de Assis e a reflexão sobre o gênero romanesco ficcionalizada em seu primeiro trabalho como romancista. Para tanto, analisaremos o personagem Félix, um dos protagonistas de Ressurreição (1872). Veremos que, ao dotar sua construção ficcional de um personagem que é, ele mesmo, súmula das características do gênero romance, Machado de Assis também está definindo o gênero com o qual irá se consagrar. Com isso, é possível aproximar o romance machadiano da tradição do romance autorreflexivo e apontar a visão problematizante que o autor tinha sobre o gênero.
ANOTAÇÕES SOBRE A CORRESPONDÊNCIA DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: DIMAS ANTONIO
Published: July 2017

Resumo Depois de tantos anos, esta é a coleção mais abrangente, mais ambiciosa e mais bem preparada da correspondência ativa e passiva de Machado de Assis, patrocinada pela Academia Brasileira de Letras, organizada por Paulo Sergio Rouanet e com colaboração de alta competência técnica de Sílvia Eleutério e de Irene Moutinho. Seus cinco volumes, contendo 1.200 itens de correspondência, cobrem o período entre 1860 e 1908.
Perfil da fluência da fala em diferentes tarefas para indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson
Authors: Juste Fabiola Staróbole , Andrade Claudia Regina Furquim de
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o perfil da fluência da fala de indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson em diferentes tarefas de fala. Método Participaram do estudo 40 indivíduos, de 40 a 80 anos de idade, de ambos os gêneros, divididos em 2 grupos: GP (grupo pesquisa - 20 indivíduos com diagnóstico de Doença de Parkinson); GC (grupo controle - 20 indivíduos sem qualquer alteração de comunicação e/ou neurológica). Para todos os participantes, foram coletadas três amostras de fala envolvendo diferentes tarefas: monólogo, leitura individual e fala automática. Resultados O GP apresentou um número significativamente maior de rupturas, tanto comuns quanto gagas, e maiores porcentagens de descontinuidade de fala e disfluências gagas nas tarefas de monólogo e leitura quando comparado ao GC. Nas tarefas de fala automática, ambos os grupos apresentaram número reduzido de rupturas comuns e gagas, não apresentando diferença significante entre os grupos para esta tarefa. Em relação à velocidade de fala, tanto em palavras quanto em sílabas por minuto, os indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson apresentaram velocidade reduzida em relação ao grupo controle em todas as tarefas de fala. Conclusão O GP apresentou alteração em todos os parâmetros da fluência avaliados no presente estudo quando comparado ao grupo controle, porém esta alteração da fluência não se configura como um quadro de gagueira.
Rhyacian evolution of the eastern São Luís Craton: petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of the Rosário Suite
Authors: Nogueira Bruna Karine Correa , Gorayeb Paulo Sergio de Sousa , Dantas Elton Luiz , Leal Rafael Estumano , Galarza Marco Antonio
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT: The São Luís Cráton comprises an area between northeast Pará state and northwest Maranhão that exposes Paleoproterozoic granitic suites and meta-volcanosedimentary sequences. In the east of this geotectonic unit, about 70 km south of São Luís, there is a portion of the São Luís Craton, represented by the intrusive Rosario Suite (RS). This work is focused on rocks of this suite, including petrographic, lithochemical and geochronological studies to understand the crustal evolution of these granitoid rocks. The rock spectrum varies from tonalitic to granodioritic, quartz dioritic and granitic compositions, and there are partial structural and mineralogical changes related to deformation along transcurrent shear zones. The geochemical studies show granitic metaluminous compositions of the calc-alkaline series with I-type affinity typical of magmatic arc. Rare earth elements show marked fractionation and slight Eu positive or negative anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.82 to 1.1). Zircon U-Pb data provided consistent ages of 2165 ± 7 Ma, 2170 ± 7 Ma, 2170 ± 7 Ma, 2161 ± 4 Ma and 2175 ± 8 Ma, dating emplacement of these granitoids as Paleoproterozoic (Rhyacian). Sm-Nd isotopic data provided model ages (TDM) of 2.21 to 2.31 Ga with positive values of εNd +1.9 to +3.2 (t = 2.17 Ga), indicating predominantly Rhyacian crustal sources for the parental magmas, similar to those ones found in other areas of the São Luís Craton. The data, integrated with published geological and geochronological information, indicate the occurrence of an important continental crust formation event in this area. The Paleoproterozoic evolution between 2.17 and 2.15 Ga is related to the Transamazonian orogeny. The granitoids of the Rosario Suite represent the main phase of continental arc magmatism that has continuity in other parts of the São Luís Craton and can be correlated with Rhyacian accretionary magmatism in the northwestern portion of the Amazonian Craton that amalgamated Archean terrains during the Transamazonian orogeny.
High-Frequency Sequences in the Quaternary of Pelotas Basin (coastal plain): a record of degradational stacking as a function of longer-term base-level fall
Authors: Rosa Maria Luiza Correa da Camara , Barboza Eduardo Guimarães , Abreu Vitor dos Santos , Tomazelli Luiz José , Dillenburg Sérgio Rebello
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to analyze the sedimentary record of the coastal plain of Pelotas Basin, placing it in the context of temporal and spatial scales, and proposing a stratigraphic hierarchical framework. The coastal plain, located in southern Brazil and in northern Uruguay, is mainly formed by four Quaternary barrier-lagoon systems. Three of these systems were studied through the integration of surface and subsurface data (geomorphological and topographical mapping, outcrops description, geoprocessing, dating and Ground Penetrating Radar - GPR - records) and interpreted as the preserved, onshore portion of depositional sequences mainly controlled by glacioeustatic cycles of about 100 kyr. The stacking pattern comprising these sequences is progradational with seaward downsteping (highest sea-levels measured: 9.5, 8 and 3 m, respectively), comprehending a degradational sequence set, or the regressive/falling stage systems tract of a higher order depositional sequence identified in seismic sections, with about 0.5 Ma. The youngest sequence has diachronous systems tracts - while some sectors have already transitioned from the transgressive to the highstand/falling stage systems tract, others are still under a transgressive context. It indicates that, in this time and scale, the sea level is not the main control of coastal evolution, and autogenic factors are fundamental in the run of geological record.
Artificial neural networks compared with Bayesian generalized linear regression for leaf rust resistance prediction in Arabica coffee
Authors: Silva Gabi Nunes , Nascimento Moysés , Sant’Anna Isabela de Castro , Cruz Cosme Damião , Caixeta Eveline Teixeira , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Rosado Renato Domiciano Silva , Pestana Kátia Nogueira , Almeida Dênia Pires de , Oliveira Marciane da Silva
Published: July 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of artificial neural networks in comparison with Bayesian generalized linear regression to predict leaf rust resistance in Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica). This study used 245 individuals of a F2 population derived from the self-fertilization of the F1 H511-1 hybrid, resulting from a crossing between the susceptible cultivar Catuaí Amarelo IAC 64 (UFV 2148-57) and the resistant parent Híbrido de Timor (UFV 443-03). The 245 individuals were genotyped with 137 markers. Artificial neural networks and Bayesian generalized linear regression analyses were performed. The artificial neural networks were able to identify four important markers belonging to linkage groups that have been recently mapped, while the Bayesian generalized model identified only two markers belonging to these groups. Lower prediction error rates (1.60%) were observed for predicting leaf rust resistance in Arabica coffee when artificial neural networks were used instead of Bayesian generalized linear regression (2.4%). The results showed that artificial neural networks are a promising approach for predicting leaf rust resistance in Arabica coffee.
Desempenho agronômico de híbridos experimentais de abóbora Tetsukabuto para características dos frutos
Authors: Amaro Geovani B , Silva Giovani O , Boiteux Leonardo S , Carvalho Agnaldo DF , Lopes José F
Published: July 2017

RESUMO O cultivo de abóboras (Cucurbita moschata) e morangas (Cucurbita maxima) apresenta grande importância econômica e social no Brasil. Nas últimas décadas, a região do Brasil Central tem se consolidado como um polo emergente de cultivo e comercialização dessas hortaliças. Dentre as cultivares mais comercializadas no país se destaca o híbrido interespecífico conhecido como ‘Tetsukabuto’ ou ‘Cabotiá’ originado entre o cruzamento de uma linhagem feminina de C. maxima com uma linhagem masculina de C. moschata. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de híbridos experimentais interespecíficos tipo Tetsukabuto em condições do Planalto Central do Brasil por meio da avaliação direta e a correlação entre as características dos frutos. Foi avaliado um conjunto de 35 combinações híbridas interespecíficas (C. maxima x C. moschata), empregando como linhagem maternal elite a moranga CNPH 0739 que foi cruzada com uma coleção de 35 linhagens de abóboras. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo em Brasília-DF. Foram avaliados a produtividade total de frutos, o número de frutos por planta, massa média de frutos, comprimento e largura dos frutos, teor de sólidos solúveis, espessura da polpa e da casca dos frutos. O rendimento foi positivamente correlacionado com maior número de frutos por planta, maior massa, maior espessura de polpa e maior largura de frutos. Plantas com frutos de maior massa apresentaram menores teores de sólidos solúveis. O híbrido experimental CNPH 2377 destacou-se para as características avaliadas e apresentou alta produtividade de frutos com 21,98 t/ha, com peso médio acima de 3 kg, cerca de 4 frutos por planta, com polpa espessa (34,41 mm), casca fina (2,17 mm) e razoável teor de sólidos solúveis (17,01°Brix). Assim, a maior produtividade foi cerca de duas vezes superior àquela do híbrido Jabras (testemunha comercial). Neste contexto, os resultados, obtidos no presente experimento, indicam boas perspectivas no sentido de se obter materiais genéticos do segmento varietal Tetsukabuto, combinando características agronômicas de interesse e melhor aptidão para o cultivo no Brasil Central.
Breeding Calabrian pepper lines for Brazilian agriculture from sui generis introduction of germplasm
Authors: Ribeiro Claudia SC , Soares Renato S , Gomes Lucas M , Coelho Lucas GF , Reifschneider Francisco JB
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Few Calabrian pepper cultivars (C. annuum and C. baccatum) are available in the Brazilian market, and among these, only BRS Mari (C. baccatum) was developed in Brazil, by Embrapa. This work aimed to report on the introduction of germplasm in a sui generis way and the initial results of Calabrian pepper breeding at Embrapa Vegetables. Original population was obtained through separation of seeds found in dehydrated Calabrian pepper flakes imported from India. The breeding method was individual selection of plants with progeny test and three generations of selection and self-pollination were advanced. Ten plants were obtained from the original seeds, which were self-pollinated and originated 87 S1 plants. Out of these, seeds of 73 S1 plants were obtained and gave rise to 73 S2 lines. Based on the characteristics of plant and fruit (number of side shoots, weight and total number of fruits, length and width of fruits, wall thickness, color of the ripe fruit, total soluble solids and capsaicin content), three S2 lines were selected and, then, 14 plants within these lines (4 plants of line CNPH 50.112, 5 plants of CNPH 50.116 and 5 plants of CNPH 50.185). Significant differences (Tukey, p<0.05) were noticed among the 14 S3 lines, for precocity, length and width of the fruit, weight of the fruit, weight and number of fruits per plant. Five S3 lines were selected based on the following criteria: average fruit weight above 12 g, early flowering (less than 80 days after sowing), fruit length above 13 cm and fruit width around 1.5 cm, dark green color of leaf and sparse or medium pilosity. In the following S4 generation, the selected lines will be evaluated in order to determine yield, disease resistance as well as capsaicinoid concentration in fruits. New genotypes selected may be released as cultivars that meet the growing demand for dehydrated Calabrian pepper flakes.
The effect of pruning systems on yield and fruit quality of grafted tomato
Authors: Mourão Isabel , Brito Luis M , Moura Luisa , Ferreira Maria E , Costa Sofia R
Published: July 2017

Abstract Vegetable grafting is an increasingly used crop management strategy that aims to prevent soilborne biotic and abiotic stresses. For tomato crops, the number of stems per grafted plant determines planting density and crop exposure to sunlight. The effects of pruning grafted plants on yield and fruit quality have not been established, and this information is crucial to support decision-making by growers. A greenhouse experiment was run in the spring/summer season in the NW Portugal to assess the yield and quality parameters for grafted tomato plants (cv. Vinicio grafted onto Multifort rootstock) pruned to 2, 3 and 4 stems developed from the plant first nodes, or pruned to 2 stems developed from cotyledonary nodes, according to common practice. Total yield was significantly increased for the double-stemmed tomato plants, irrespectively of node origin (average yield 26.5 kg/m2), as compared to the 3- and 4-stemmed plants (average yield 19.5 kg/m2). These results can be explained by root system limitations to uptake water and nutrients coupled with the stronger competition between stems for the 3- and 4-stemmed plants. Fruit quality assessed through firmness (1.0 kg/cm2), soluble solids (5.1°Brix), acidity (1.0 g/100 g fresh weight), pH (4.4) and dry mater content (4.9%) was not affected by pruning systems. The greater yield obtained from double-stemmed plants offsets the increased planting and seedlings costs of using grafted tomato plants, particularly so for double-stemmed plants grown from first nodes, as they do not require intensive nursery care and are therefore less costly than those grown from cotyledonary nodes.
Physico-chemical attributes of no-till Brassica crops cultivated after various cover crops
Authors: Torres José LR , Ciabotti Elaine D , Gomes Fernando RC , Leal Junior André LB , Vieira Dinamar MS , Costa Luciene L
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Cauliflower and cabbage require high amounts of nutrients in short periods of time; however, the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers can cause nutritional imbalances in these crops and reduce the quality of the final product. This study evaluated the chemical composition and yield of no-till cauliflower and cabbage grown on residues of various cover crops in Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four cover crops (sunn hemp, brachiaria, pearl millet and fallow) and two main crops (cauliflower and cabbage). The treatments were evaluated on plots of 20 m2 with four replications. The following traits were analyzed after harvest: moisture (MO), ash (ASH), lipid (LIP), crude fiber (CF), protein (PTN), carbohydrates (CARB), total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, ascorbic acid (AA), head fresh weight (HFW), head dry weight (HDW) and yield. Cauliflower cultivated on sunn hemp residues produced high levels of LIP, PTN, CARB, TSS and TTA, whereas cauliflower cultivated on brachiaria and millet residues demonstrated high AA levels when compared to the treatment with sunn hemp residues. In the aerial part, cabbage presented significantly higher levels of CARB, TTA and AA when cultivated on brachiaria residues, whereas PTN levels were higher on sunn hemp residues. The cultivation of cauliflower and cabbage on cover crop residues affected positively most of the chemical attributes of the evaluated crops when compared to the fallow treatment, although the highest yield and AA levels were observed when the crops were cultivated on brachiaria residues.
As aulas de graduação em uma universidade pública federal: planejamento, estratégias didáticas e engajamento dos estudantes
Authors: SÁ ELIANE FERREIRA DE , QUADROS ANA LUIZA DE , MORTIMER EDUARDO FLEURY , SILVA PENHA SOUZA , TALIM SÉRGIO LUIZ
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar, em uma amostragem de professores do Ensino Superior de diversas áreas do conhecimento, as estratégias pedagógicas mais citadas, a forma como planejam suas aulas e como atraem os estudantes para a participação nas atividades propostas em sala. Para isso, concebemos um instrumento de coleta de dados e analisamos as respostas dadas a um conjunto de questões que tratavam do planejamento e das estratégias didáticas utilizadas. As respostas foram tabuladas e analisadas por meio do software de análise estatística Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Constatou-se que as variações de aulas expositivas são predominantes em todas as áreas; que o planejamento das aulas, para muitos professores, é uma atividade que mais se assemelha à organização do conteúdo do que aos objetivos de ensino; e que o engajamento dos estudantes está diretamente relacionado com as estratégias utilizadas pelos professores.
Formação sustentável do professor no mestrado profissional
Authors: SILVA WAGNER RODRIGUES
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Esta pesquisa investigou o desafio a ser assumido pelo mestrado profissional para professores atuantes no ensino básico brasileiro, diante da demanda do mercado de trabalho pela superação de práticas acadêmicas excessivamente teóricas. A metodologia de pesquisa corresponde à análise discursiva da escrita acadêmica do professor-pesquisador e à revisão da literatura científica de diferentes disciplinas, que, por perspectivas diferenciadas, encaminham mudanças paradigmáticas na formação docente. Os resultados mostraram que a realização da pesquisa pelo professor contribui para a familiarização do profissional com letramentos necessários para mudanças nos paradigmas científico e educacional dominantes. Isso acontece em meio a disputas pela legitimação de diferentes vozes sociais representando universidade e escola. Propomos uma formação docente sustentável, orientada especialmente pela indisciplinaridade e pela legitimação de conhecimentos práticos compartilhados por professores.
O surpreendente êxito do sistema educacional finlandês em um cenário global de educação mercantilizada
Authors: BASTOS REMO MOREIRA BRITO
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Este artigo, apoiado em pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico, lançando mão de fontes consideradas o estado da arte em estudos sobre o sistema educacional da Finlândia, bem como em documentos oficiais de seu governo e de instituições multilaterais que investigam e procuram influenciar as decisões nacionais sobre a área, aborda a emergência, a partir de 2001, do reconhecimento internacional do êxito do modelo de educação praticado naquele país. Ante os surpreendentes resultados obtidos por seus estudantes no primeiro teste do Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes, realizado em 2000, são abordados os fatores que contribuem para a consistência daquele paradigma educacional. Entre os resultados alcançados, destaca-se o conclusivo entendimento de que existem sistemas educacionais alternativos exitosos, cujos pressupostos se opõem profundamente ao padrão corporativo global de educação, os quais podem servir como modelo educacional a ser buscado por outras nações.
Paprika and/or marigold extracts in diets for laying hens
Authors: OLIVEIRA Maria Cristina de , SILVA Wanessa Dutra da , OLIVEIRA Higor Castro , MOREIRA Eduardo de Queiroz Barros , FERREIRA Larissa de Oliveira , GOMES Yeury de Sousa , SOUZA JUNIOR Marcos Aurélio Proto de
Published: July 2017

SUMMARY This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of paprika and marigold extracts in sorghum-based rations on the productivity and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred sixty laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design in five treatments and in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2 + 1), one control ration based on corn, two levels of paprika extract (0 and 6 g/kg diet), and two levels of marigold extract (0 and 1 g/kg diet) in sorghum-based rations. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the weight, specific weight, and Haugh unit of the eggs and productive performance, but the inclusion of paprika extract resulted in eggs with lower egg pH. The interaction between the control group and the factorial was significant (P < 0.05) to the laying rate, egg mass, and yolk color, whose values were lower with sorghum-based diets with no pigment compared to control treatment. The interaction between the paprika and marigold extracts was significant increasing the height (P < 0.03) and color (P < 0.0001) of the yolk when paprika extract was used, with or without marigold extract. Marigold extract inclusion reduced the percentage (P < 0.02) and thickness (P < 0.01) of the eggshell. As conclusion, the inclusion of paprika extract in sorghum-based diets for laying hens is viable for improving the egg quality.
Alternative forced-molting methods in japanese quails
Authors: SILVA Daiane Batista , MACIEL Mônica Patrícia , AROUCA Cláudio Luiz Corrêia , AIURA Felipe Shindy , SOUZA Luiz Felipe Martins , MOURA Vitor Hugo Santana de
Published: July 2017

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different forced-molting methods on the performance and quality of laying quail eggs. The experiment was conducted in a conventional shed for quails and lasted 115 days. 480 Japanese quails at an initial age of 52 weeks were used. The following treatments were evaluated: total feed fasting (control treatment); corn and soybean bran diet; high- zinc diet (7,300 ppm); wheat bran diet; and ground corn diet. A fully randomized experimental outline was used with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. Each lot was formed by 24 quails with a total of 480 birds. Performance (production and egg weights, feed intake, feed conversion ratio per kg egg mass and per dozen eggs, viable eggs and egg viability) and egg quality (eggshell thickness and yield, specific weight and Haugh unit) were evaluated. Treatment differences were compared using the Scott-Knott test (5%). Wheat bran and high- zinc diets yielded poorer averages of egg production and feed conversion ratioper dozen eggs. Studied treatments had no influence on egg quality. Hence, we can conclude that corn- only or corn and soybean bran only feeds can be adopted as forced molting methods in Japanese quails instead of traditional fasting methods.
Histopathological changes induced by Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum larvae (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) in Priacanthus arenatus Cuvier, 1829 (Actinopterygii)
Authors: Kuraiem Bianca Porto , Knoff Marcelo , Felizardo Nilza Nunes , Menezes Rodrigo Caldas , Gomes Delir Corrêa , Clemente Sérgio Carmona de São
Published: July 2017

Abstract Priacanthus arenatus is a fish that occurs in the waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and has few records of parasitism. This study aimed to report histological changes caused by the larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. Between July and December, 2013, 30 samples of P. arenatus were obtained from fish markets in the cities of Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fragments of spleen, liver, stomach wall and mesentery tissues containing nodules and free parasites were extracted to histopathological study. Through histological analysis it was verified that these nodules consisted of connective tissue capsules, in which the parasites were located, with granulomatous inflammation mainly comprised of macrophages and lymphocytes. These nodules also consisted of a central portion of acellular amorphous material, formed by concentric layers, which was slightly basophilic and contained tunnels and, sometimes, parasite debris. The presence of tunnels in acellular amorphous material suggests that the larvae are initially located at the center of the nodules and then they migrate to the surface.
Statins Plus Metformin: a Promising Combination for Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Luo Fei , Guo Yuan , Li Xiang-ping
Published: July 2017

Statins are the cornerstone for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerosis. But statin monotherapy in some patients will not be sufficient to achieve an LDL-C target and increase the incidence of new-onset diabetes in a dose dependent manner, especially in women, elderly, presence of family history of type 2 diabetes and Asian ethnicity. Recently metformin, an old and effective antidiabetic medication, has been found to reduce LDL-C levels and has cardiac benefits for patients with T2D. Therefore, statins plus metformin may further reduce LDL-C levels and partly counteract statin-induced diabetes.
Pharmacological Monotherapy versus Renal Artery Denervation in Controlled Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Kiuchi Marcio Galindo , Chen Shaojie , Ramalho e Silva Gustavo , Rodrigues Paz Luis Marcelo , De Paula Filho Ary Getulio , Kiuchi Tetsuaki , Hoye Neil Alexander , Lima Souto Gladyston Luiz
Published: July 2017

Aim: The aim of this prospective observational non-inferiority study was to compare the capacity for control of essential hypertension between renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) and either angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB).

Methods and results: Seventy-four previously controlled essential hypertensive patients on ACEI/ARB monotherapy were evaluated; eleven patients agreed to proceed with RSD and had their antihypertensive agent withdrawn on the day of the procedure. During the six months of follow-up, there was no significant change in mean 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM) from baseline to three and sixmonths in the ACEI/ARB group (118±8/80±3 vs. 116±8/79±3 and 115±8/79±4 mmHg, respectively).        No change was also observed in the RSD group (117±8/81±2 vs. 115±6/80±2 and 114±7/79±3 mmHg, respectively). There were no differences between groups at interval time points. There were also no changes in renal function or echocardiographic parameters, during follow-up.

Conclusions: For the first time, this study reports possible non-inferiority of RSD when compared to ACEI or ARB monotherapy in the control of essential hypertension. A randomized trial with appropriate concealment of treatment, more patients and an extended follow-up period is needed to evaluate the potential benefits of RSD in comparison to ACEI/ARB use in patients with controlled hypertension.
Body mass index mortality paradox in chronic kidney disease patients with suspected cardiac chest pain
Authors: O'Driscoll Jamie M , Slee Adrian D , Sharma Rajan
Published: July 2017

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent clinical condition associated with adverse comorbidity and high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. An inverse relationship with body mass index (BMI) and mortality has been demonstrated in hemodialysis patients. However, it is unclear if this risk‐factor paradox is evident in non‐dialysis CKD patients. The aims of this study were to explore the relationship between, nutritional status, markers of inflammation, autonomic and cardiac function with BMI. Longitudinal follow‐up explored the relationship between BMI and all‐cause mortality.

Methods

211‐consecutive CKD patients referred for dobutamine stress echocardiography to detect or exclude myocardial ischemia were recruited. BMI, albumin, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and haemoglobin (Hb) were recorded as markers of nutritional and inflammatory status. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart rate variability (HRV) as an indicator of cardiac function was recorded. All subjects were followed prospectively until November 2014 and study end‐point was all‐cause mortality.

Results

BMI was inversely associated with CKD status. After covariate adjustment, this association remained. During a mean follow‐up period of 3.3±0.9 years there were 35 deaths (17%). BMI was inversely associated with all‐cause mortality (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.71–0.9). Other important independent predictors of mortality were heart rate variability (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99), myocardial ischemia (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.17–1.81), and albumin (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.81–0.92).

Conclusions

The presence of a BMI paradox exists in non‐dialysis CKD patients. This risk‐factor paradox was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality and may have significant clinical implications relevant to screening, assessment and treatment and requires further study.
Low alanine transaminase is not associated with increased rate of mortality in patients with advanced lung cancer
Authors: Dagan Amir , Sella Tal , Urban Demian , Onn Amir , Bar Jair , Segal Gad
Published: July 2017

Background

Low alanine transaminase (ALT) has been shown to serve as a marker for sarcopenia and frailty in both healthy populations and in patients with chronic illness. Its yield in cancer patients in general and in particular in lung‐cancer patients was not assessed.

Methods

Lung cancer patients presenting to an outpatient thoracic oncology clinic in a tertiary hospital were included. ALT plasma levels as well as other potential prognostic factors were collected retrospectively. Associations of those factors with survival were examined by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

203 patients were eligible for analysis, of which 149 (73.4%) were diagnosed to have advanced disease. During median follow‐up period of 15.4 months, 79 (38.9%) died. The mean ALT level of activity was 17.53±7.8 IU/L. The following parameters were found to be associated with increased risk of mortality: histologic type, male gender, advanced disease and low performance status upon diagnosis. Low ALT levels were not found to be associated with increased risk of mortality.

Conclusion

Low ALT activity levels, associated with sarcopenia, frailty and shortened survival in other patients' populations might not be predictive for shortened survival in lung cancer patients.
Role of axillary reverse mapping in decreasing complications after axillary dissection in breast cancer
Authors: Gaber Ahmed , Fawzy Ahmed , Sabry Ahmed , El sisi Alaa
Published: July 2017

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most leading causes of cancer deaths in female. Surgical treatment is considered the corner stone in its management. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is an integral step in most of surgeries done, however it has many morbidities like prolonged seroma and lymphedema. Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) procedure was first described in 2007 in a trial to map the axillary lymphatics of the arm and avoid its injury therefore lymph complications.Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled study over 72 female patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Patients were divided and randomized into study and control groups, thirty-six patients for each. In study group the ARM procedure was done by injecting 2.5 ml of methylen blue dye intra-dermally and subcutaneously in the upper inner ipsilateral arm along the medial intramuscular groove before ALND. Operative and post-operative results were recorded. Follow up was 6 to 24 months.Results: ARM procedure and successful visualization of arm lymphatics was achieved in 31 patients (86.1%). Statistically there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding patient and tumour characteristics, operative time and number of excised L.Ns. There was significant difference favouring the ARM group in decreasing the incidence of seroma (p= 0.040), lymphedema (p= 0.031) and time passed till remove drains (p <0.001).Conclusions: ARM procedure facilitated arm lymphatics visualization. It is easy non-time-consuming procedure. It resulted in significant reduction in incidence of seroma and lymphedema, with considerable reduction in the overall complications rate.
Study of efficacy of short course peri-operative antibiotics in clean contaminated surgeries
Authors: C. R. Shivakumar , Shoeb Mohammad Fazelul Rahman , Pinate Anil Reddy
Published: July 2017

Background: Surgical site infection is a one of the most common postoperative complication and causes significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. WHO described Hospital acquired infections as one of the major infectious diseases having huge economic impact. Perioperative antibiotics constitute the bulk of antimicrobial consumption in any hospital. We need to adapt the policies that decrease the incidence of postoperative wound infection.Methods: Patients undergoing elective surgeries for clean contaminated cases for various causes from 15th May 2014 to 15th June 2017 under Surgical 1st Unit of District hospital Gulbarga (Affiliated to Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Gulbarga) are included in our study. During this period, a total of 216 patients participated, of which 145 were males and 71 were females. Patients received two doses of perioperative antibiotics, first dose before surgery and second dose after surgery, 12 hours apart during this period.Results: In this study, surgical site infection rate is 2.3% in clean-contaminated surgeries.Conclusions: The findings indicate that a short course of perioperative antibiotics where in first dose is given 30 minutes to one hour before surgery and second dose is given 12 hours after surgery are sufficient and efficacious as infection rate is acceptable (1%-3%).Infection rate in our study was 2.3%. It is cost-effective as well for prevention of surgical site infections in clean-contaminated surgeries in Indian surgical setup.
Chest wall reconstruction using Latismus Dorsi Flap: our experience
Authors: Mittal S. , Singh B. , Uppal M. S. , Mannan R.
Published: July 2017

Background: Covering a big chest wall defect is the main clinical issue in cancer resection whether it is due to locally advanced breast cancer or any other carcinomas extending to chest wall or injuries leading to chest wall defect. The main aim of the study was to discuss the role of latissmus dorsi flap in chest wall reconstruction.Methods: Study reviewed 15 patients with chest wall defect within a period of two years January 2015 - December 2016, who underwent chest wall reconstruction after tumor resection or burns.Results: Among 15 patients, 12 patients were having locally advanced breast tumors, only one patient with recurrent desmoids tumor of abdominal tumor of abdominal wall extending to chest wall and 2 cases were of electrical burn injuries. The age range varied from 40-60 years. Among these patients 13 were females and 2 were males. The defect size varied from 12x15 cm to 26 x 20 cm. There were no major complications except for partial graft loss in two patients.Conclusions: Lattissmus Dorsi flap is safe and very good flap for chest wall reconstruction.
MVD for trigeminal neuralgia; neuralgia revisited with review of literature
Authors: Melkundi Renuka S. , Melkundi Sateesh
Published: July 2017

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) s an uncommon facial pain syndrome. It is commonly characterized by sudden onset of an attack of intense electric shock like facial pain localized along the sensory distribution of the ninth cranial nerve. Although many patients respond to the medical line of treatment but when PTS symptoms become intractable and could not tolerate the medications have to go for surgical decompression. Our study aims to review about micro vascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia and its outcome along with the review of literature.

Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted on 40 cases who were diagnosed with TN. between the period of July 2009 to July 2015. MVD has been performed on all the patients. Demographic data, clinical presentation, surgical findings, complications and long term follow-up were reviewed.  

Results: The median age of onset of TN is 50.4 years divided into five age groups ranging from 24 to 89 years with female preponderance showing 65.5% as compared to males. The distribution of location was in the ratio of right to left is 1.5:1. There was no mortality is seen in the study. 3 patients among them study population had complications 3 patients had facial hyposthesia, 1 patient had V3 paresis and 1 patient had CSF otorrhoea which got settled with drainage LP. All the patients had satisfactory improvement except one patient who had persistent pain.

Conclusions: To conclude micro vascular decompression (MVD) is the surgical procedure of choice for the treatment of medically refractory TN who is fit for surgery. Of all the currently available surgical methods MVD provides the highest rate of long term satisfaction for the patients and offers the lowest rate of pain recurrence.
STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE SEAWEEDS OF NORTHERN SAMAR, PHILIPINES
Authors: R. Cui-Lim Karina Milagros , P. Ambida Perth Kennesa , C. Alvarez Ma. Lourdes , M. Bangco Nancy , E. Cortez Franklin , U. Flores Abel Alejandro , O. Perez Blenah , M. Somoray Maria Judy , Unay Olga DG.
Published: July 2017

The purpose of the study: In this work, the nutritional and elemental analysis of seaweeds in Northern Samar is analyzed.

Methodology: The seaweeds of Northern Samar are collected from the intertidal zone, and it was brought back to the College of Science for taxonomic identity.   The nutritional and elemental content of the seaweeds were determined.

Main findings: Based on the results obtained a total of 39 species belonging to eighteen (18) families of seaweeds were recorded from different coastal towns in Northern Samar, Philippines.  The results revealed that for seaweeds with the economic value the nutritional and elemental content is comparable to the unknown seaweeds with no economic value.    

Implications: The results of the bioavailability of nutrients of this study might be the basis that unknown seaweeds with no economic value can be used directly in the diet and promote health advantage.

Originality/Novelty of study: The seaweeds of Northern Samar are not properly documented in comparison with other marine flora.  The results demonstrated that some species of seaweeds collected in Northern Samar with no economic value could also accumulate non-essential elements.  Further studies would surely be a great contribution to our local food and pharmaceutical industries.
Complexo rural brasileiro: há uma teoria para compreender?
Authors: Herrera José Antônio , Ramos Pedro
Published: July 2017

O Brasil ao longo de toda sua história sempre se fez dependente do setor agropecuário. Este por sua vez foi se configurando com desequilíbrios e desarranjos estruturais, sobretudo quando passa a ter mais fortemente a participação do capital industrial em sua dinâmica, favorecendo a industrialização e modernização do setor. Na tentativa de acompanhar as mudanças ocorridas, estudos foram sendo realizados, novas abordagens e diferentes definições foram disseminadas na tentativa de análise da dinâmica agropecuária. Essas se constituíram desconsiderando os problemas estruturais e a diversidade que se tem no caso brasileiro, onde se percebe tanto o empresário rural altamente capitalizado e integrado via os complexos agroindustriais articulados ao mercado externo quanto grupo de produtores familiares com inúmeras especificidades em suas atividades produtivas. O presente texto tem o intuito de colaborar com a reflexão sobre a dinâmica agropecuária brasileira, partindo dos questionamentos: até que ponto a "evolução" assistida no setor consolidou um novo complexo rural? E, existe uma teoria capaz de compreender o compexo agropecuário brasileiro?
Pisando na própria sombra - Trajetórias e identidades camponesas de assentamentos rurais no sudeste do Pará
Authors: Bringel Fabiano De Oliveira
Published: July 2017

Neste artigo, discutimos as estratégias sociais e econômicas de camponeses do Assentamento Palmares II, em Parauapebas - Pa. Centramos nossa análise sobre dois aspectos: história da família e trabalho.  Assim pretendemos estabelecer diferenciações entre os contextos políticos, econômicos, sociais e culturais vivenciados na trajetória dos assentados e com isso tentamos desvendar as estratégias de expropriação baseadas na desqualificação social e econômica do sujeito camponês por atores com interesse no agronegócio. Mais do que isso, pretendemos mostrar que essa desqualificação é portadora da negação do saber dos assentados, saber esse capaz e garantir a autonomia dos meios de produção e, portanto, ameaçador das possibilidades de acumulação e de consolidação de atividades econômicas do agronegócio. Por outro lado, há uma resistência à desqualificação/requalificação pelos assentados que encontra sustentáculo na matriz camponesa mantida ao longo de gerações, em signos como posse e trabalho na terra, mão-de-obra familiar, autonomia dos meios de produção e relação mais direta com a natureza.
Oferta de serviços ambientais a partir de diferentes agroecossistemas de base familiar no sul do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Martinez Ernesto Alvaro , Casalinho Hélvio Debli , Lima Ana Cláudia Rodrigues de , Schwengber José Ernani
Published: July 2017

Atualmente a humanidade tem buscado processos mais harmoniosos de reprodução social,ambiental e econômica para a produção de bens e serviços. Neste contexto, a agricultura de base familiar tem papel fundamental, apresentando-se como uma categoria capaz de prover importante contribuição para este desafio. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a oferta de Serviços Ambientais ofertados por este segmento no sul do RS. A estratégia metodológica a partir do MESMIS – Marco de Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales, incorporou indicadores de sustentabilidade, adaptando a metodologia à realidade deste trabalho. Através da mensuração destes indicadores de qualidade ambiental, pôde-se constatar que agroecossistemas de diferentes modelos agrícolas, apresentaram uma boa oferta de serviços ambientais, como conservação do solo, manutenção e convívio com a biodiversidade,fornecimento de alimentos e medicamentos, além da preservação sociocultural vinculada ao meio ambiente.
Sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas familiares em comunidade de várzea localizada no município de Cametá, estado do Pará
Authors: Resque Antonio Gabriel Lima , Silva Luís Mauro Santos
Published: July 2017

A sustentabilidade das práticas agrícolas é um tema cada vez mais em evidência no contexto atual de aumento na degradação socioambiental em diversas regiões do globo. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, identificar e avaliar processos de modificação em agroecossistemas familiares na região do Baixo Tocantins, município de Cametá,PA a partir da influência de intervenções externas, abordando, principalmente, asustentabilidade multidimensional. A metodologia utilizada se baseou no Marco para aAvaliação de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturais Incorporando Indicadores deSustentabilidade (MESMIS). Foram avaliados 11 indicadores de sustentabilidade, adaptados à realidade local e contemplando as dimensões ambiental, social e técnico-econômica em 11 agroecossistemas, com diferentes graus de intervenção externa, localizados em umacomunidade de várzea do município de Cametá, PA. As ferramentas de coleta de dados utilizadas foram: questionários, roteiros semiestruturados, caderno de campo e observação participante. A sustentabilidade ampla dos agroecossistemas avaliados foi considerada satisfatória, sendo que apenas 1 agroecossistema apresentou nota inferior ao nível crítico, o valor correspondente à metade do valor total da escala de avaliação. Observou-se diferença nos valores obtidos entre os agroecossistemas que sofreram maior intervenção externa, em comparação aos que não sofreram. Concluiu-se que uma intervenção em nível de agroecossistema afetou mais diretamente os elementos constituintes das dimensões técnico-econômica e ambiental, enquanto os elementos da dimensão social sofreram maior influência de intervenções que ocorreram numa escala maior da realidade (nível comunitário, por exemplo).