bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulsatile Drug Delivery System: A Review
Authors: Neupane Sujan , Kharel Pramod
Published: November 2024

As modern technologies advance, new methods of drug delivery systems are constantly being developed. Pulsatile drug delivery system is becoming increasingly popular because it can deliver the drug at the correct location, time, and dosage, improving patient adherence. These technologies are designed to align with the body's inherent circadian rhythm. Pulsatile drug release is mainly preferred when continuous drug release is not needed. Understanding the circadian clock's design, illness rhythm pathophysiology, and chrono pharmacology’s medication knowledge helps create and utilize chronotherapeutic dosage forms for effective disease treatment, reducing side effects, improving targeted drug delivery, and maintaining consistent dosing. Proper design of pulsatile drug delivery enhances patient adherence, targets drug distribution, and decreases side effects. Like many other medical conditions, the outlook for chronotherapy using pulsatile drug delivery seems very optimistic. Pulsatile drug delivery systems can utilize either one or multiple mechanisms to administer medication at a specific time and location. Formulation of pulsatile flow is achieved by incorporating different polymers, with the thickness of the coating layer dictating the speed of release of the active medicinal ingredient.
Review Article on Nutritional and Toxicological Aspects of Spirulina (Arthrospira)
Authors: Sharma Danish , Mridul Mridul , Ritika Ritika , Verma Kapil Kumar
Published: November 2024

A public health concern is undernutrition, especially in underdeveloped nations. It was proposed to use algae, namely spirulina, as a functional meal. Decades ago, because of its high biologic-value protein content and amino acid composition, which make it a dietary source that is both protein-dense and rich in biological value. Spirulina has low amount nucleic acids together with necessary lipids (such gamma-linolenic oleic acids). It is also an excellent source of calcium, phosphorus, iron, beta-carotene, and vitamin B12. Its vitamin B12 level is also unusually high. Additionally, because of its organoleptic qualities, which make it a potential food or nutritional supplement, and the fact that it has not shown any acute or long-term toxicities, spirulina has also demonstrated favorable acceptability.
Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Monteiro Marko , Di Giulio Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Este artigo analisa a resposta brasileira à Covid-19, com foco no papel da ciência e da expertise nas decisões técnicas tomadas ao longo da pandemia. Com base na discussão bibliográfica recente, além de análise de documentos e notícias sobre o desenrolar da pandemia, analisaremos características da governança da crise tendo em vista a necessidade de 1) explorar as limitações do conceito de negacionismo para compreender a governança da pandemia pelo governo brasileiro; e 2) descrever as formas ativas de inação e produção de caos como estratégia política. Concluímos que houve uma grande efetividade na propagação de incertezas (políticas e técnicas) sobre aspectos do consenso científico nacional e global, como parte da estratégia tanto científica quanto política dos atores governamentais. Tais incertezas ajudaram, ainda, a colocar em xeque os padrões mais usuais e tecnocráticos de relação entre expertise e política no país.
ESG and Smart Beta Investing: A Synergistic Approach to Indian Equity Investing using the NIFTY 100 ESG Index and Multi-Factor Weighted Smart Beta Strategies
Authors: Bathia Amit
Published: November 2024

Smart Beta Investing Strategies have acquired momentum in emerging markets over the past decade; however, they have yet to be investigated in academia, and researchers are unable to provide empirical evidence. Previous research on the Indian equity markets and the clever beta strategies and factors has indicated that there is some optimism in the field. The authors augment the current corpus of research by employing an ESG-filtered index in conjunction with the conventional factors of value, size, and momentum to identify the ten most optimal stocks for each feasible portfolio configuration. A single factor and multi-factor weighting scheme are implemented to determine the ultimate portfolio and return. The Smart Beta portfolio exhibits superior returns when contrasted with its passive counterparts, as evidenced by statistical tools and risk-return characteristics. The absence of empirical evidence and a scarcity of data result in certain limitations for the study.
THE ROLE OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN THE CREATIVE ECONOMY OF ST. PETERSBURG IN THE EARLY 2020-S
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vakhromeeva Oksana B.
Published: November 2024

The development of the “creativity economy” of St. Petersburg in the early 2020s reflects the significant potential of the city’s creative space, which has been emerging since the 2000s in various spheres of modern culture – design and architecture, art and fashion, cinema and television, music and exhibition business, advertising and marketing, interactive media and video games – which will allow the city on the Neva in the foreseeable future to become a leader in the creative industries of Russia in order to serve as a resource influencing modernization processes, both in the economy and in culture. The legislator generates favorable opportunities for this, in particular, the Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy notes the importance of interconnected processes to “create conditions for the development of creative industries”, the production of “economic values in the process of creative activity”, which are focused on “capitalization of cultural products and their presentation on the market”. Legal deci- sions in St. Petersburg comprehensively support the spheres of creative industries, influencing their innovative soil, communication and information space, stimulate the environment, influence the market and modernize the principles of social partnership with- in the boundaries of government, business and culture in order to improve the quality of life of Russian society.
AN ENTROPIC APPROACH TO FORECASTING PROFITS FROM THE SALE OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES IN THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Karasev Vasily V. ,   Institute of Problem of Mechanical Engineering of Russian Academy of Sciences, Karaseva Ekaterina I. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: November 2024

The influence of entropy processes in the economy on the profit from the sale of an innovative product (service) is researched, regardless of whether the product creates a new market in the economy of the Northwestern Federal District, or occupies a niche in the established market. The state of the product is described by a vector-matrix differential equation, which can be expressed by a system of differential equations, one of which describes the change in profit. The equation con- tains random components, which are proposed to be determined using Kolmogorov entropy. The implementation of the pro- posed approach will make it possible to develop procedures for an information system of analytics, marketing and promotion of innovation.
FORECASTING AND STRATEGIZING THE REGIONAL SYSTEM OF GENERAL EDUCATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Kolesnikov Aleksander M. , Leyman Evgeniy N. ,   National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute", Adonina Larisa V. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: November 2024

In this research project of Sevastopol State University (Sevastopol, Russian Federation), an urgent scientific task has been implemented to analyze and predict the effectiveness, as well as strategize the regional system of general education. At the first stage of the study, the criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of the educational organization and the regional education system as a whole were determined. At the second stage, a non-random sample of twelve secondary schools of the city with declining educational performance was formed and analyzed, which amounted to about twenty percent of their total number, as a result of which “problem points” were identified and a forecast of the effectiveness of these educational organizations was built. At the same time, the tools of economic and mathematical modeling were used: correlation and regression analysis, time series analysis, the principal components method and cluster analysis. At the third stage, individual and general strategies have been developed for the sample schools that optimally correspond to the identified “problem points”, in addition, planning for the implementation of the proposed strategies for each of the considered educational organizations has been carried out.
THE APPLICATION OF ELEMENTS OF THE QUALITY ECONOMY IN THE CHOICE OF METHODOLOGY FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economic Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Okrepilov Vladimir V. , Gagulina Natalya L. ,   Institute for Regional Economic Studies Russian Academy of Science
Published: November 2024

The problem of choosing a methodology for decision-making at an enterprise in choosing a tool for shaping the path of sustainable development, posed by the authors, is relevant and practically significant. The purpose outlined in the article is to select tools for the scientific justification of measures that an enterprise can take to counter possible threats and dangers based on timely strategically significant decisions that meet the national interests of the Russian Federation and are necessary to preserve sustainability. As the conducted research has shown, in the practice of Russian enterprises, there are three ap- proaches to understanding achievements in the field of sustainable development that are similar in essence, but different in content and levels of implementation. In this regard, it is assumed that the use of elements of the quality economy and their tools significantly brings enterprises closer to solving problems in this area. The formation of a scientific basis for eliminating the existing methodological inaccuracy is also of interest from the point of view of strategic planning and management at the enterprise. The article substantiates the use of standardization and quality man- agement tools for the sustainable development of enterprises. The article contains recommendations on standardization of key areas of sustainable development in the enterprise.
Feminism and Global Governance: Investigating the Role of Women in Peace-Building, Human Rights, and Global Development
Authors: Angwaomaodoko Ejuchegahi Anthony
Published: November 2024

The study is centered on the relationship between feminism and global governance with emphasis being placed on the role of women in peace-building, human rights and the global development. The study takes a critical look into the radical feminism theory of patriarchy in relations to how it explains and promotes women involvement in significant spheres of governance while further showcasing the remarkable outcome that have been achieved with the involvement women in  helms of authority. The study highlights the contributions of women in peace processes with special emphasis being placed on the contribution of Liberian Women after the end of their second Civil war under the governance of President Sirleaf which showcases their unique approaches to conflict resolution and reconciliation. Several advocacy efforts which were led by women were identified to have resulted in societal and policy changes that propels gender equality and fairness. More so, the study examines the impact on global development of women led initiative which have proven effective in addressing the individual needs of women while further ensuring long term economic stability and a sense of community. The integration of feminism perspective into the agenda of global governance is vital towards achieving gender equality, justice and a peaceful world.
Refinement of the in vitro propagation process of Petunia (Petunia hybrida) plant
Authors:   Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Duyen T. T. , Hy Hao N.
Published: November 2024

Petunia (Petunia hybrida) is currently one of the most favored ornamental potted flowers. Tissue culture-based propagation has proven to be effective in terms of multiplication rates and consistent seedling quality, meeting the demand for Purple Petunia varieties. In this study, Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with various culture media [Murashige and Skoog (MS), ½ MS, and Knudson C] and growth regulators [6-benzyladenine (BA), Indole 3-butyric acid (IBA), and Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)] were utilized to determine the appropriate concentrations and durations for sample sterilization, shoot multiplication, and root induction processes of Purple Petunia. Evaluation criteria for in vitro Purple Petunia included parameters, such as survival rate, contamination rate, dead samples, number of shoots, shoot height, number of roots, and root length. The results indicated that stem sample sterilization at a 5% NaOCl concentration for 10 min yielded the highest survival rate (70.7%) at 14 days post-culture initiation. Purple Petunia stem samples, when cultured in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA combined with 0.1 mg/L IBA, demonstrated the most efficient shoot multiplication with a multiplication rate of 26.9, a shoot weight of 3.6 g, a leaf/shoot ratio of 4.6, and a shoot height of 3.0 cm. The MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA was found to be optimal for root induction, resulting in the highest number of roots at 32.1 roots/plant and a root length of 7.0 cm. Briefly, this research provided fundamental insights into the in vitro propagation process of disease-free Purple Petunia multiplication.
Processing of oolong tea from passion fruit buds of Passiflora edulis
Authors:   Institute of Applied Sciences, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Mai T. N. , Nguyen Huyen T. M.
Published: November 2024

The research aimed to create oolong tea products from passion fruit buds, diversifying this product line and improving the usage value of this bioactive material. The tea fermentation process was conducted at a temperature of 25 ± 2°C for 4 h, while the semi-drying and final-drying were performed at 50 ± 2°C for 4 h and 90 ± 2°C for 4 h, respectively. Tea product had a moisture content of 5.45%, a reducing sugar content of 1.21 mg/g, and a total polyphenol content of 22.38 mg/g. Tea was brewed at a tea to water ratio of 2.5% for 3 min at 95°C. In sensory evaluations of the brewed tea, color scored 4.93, clarity scored 3.91, smell scored 4.81, and taste scored 4.89. Thus, the product was graded as “good” according to TCVN 12713:2019.
Optimization of enzymatic-assisted extraction of polyphenol from cashew nut testa by using cellulase and pectinase
Authors:   Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Phan Huan T. , Dao Tuyen T. M. , Nguyen Phuong T.
Published: November 2024

A significant amount of cashew nut testa is removed during the processing of cashew kernels, resulting in many negative environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to valorize the cashew nut testa by enzymatic-assisted extraction of polyphenol using a mixture of cellulase and pectinase. A central composite design was employed to analyze the effects of extraction temperature from 41.6°C to 58.4°C, extraction pH from pH 3.2 to pH 4.8, and enzyme concentration from 0.03% to 0.37% (v/w) on extraction efficiency. A second-order response surface model was constructed to elucidate the effects of these independent variables on the response values of total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging activities [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays]. Regression analysis results showed that 91%, 88%, and 92% variations of the response variables of TPC, DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities can be explained by the models, respectively. Under optimal conditions, the predicted value for TPC was 164.26 (mg GAE/g DW), and the free radical scavenging activities according to DPPH and ABTS assays were 936.52 (µmol TE/g DW) and 1591.47 (µmol TE/g DW), respectively. The experimental results were consistent with the predicted values, demonstrating the suitability of the quadratic model and the success of the response surface method for optimizing the polyphenol extraction from cashew nut testa by using the enzyme mixture.
Eksplorasi Kemampuan Numerasi pada Anak Lamban Belajar di Kelas Awal: Studi Kasus di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putri Arizkylia Yoka , Mariana Neni , Muhimmah Hitta Alfi
Published: November 2024

Kemampuan numerasi merupakan fondasi penting dalam pendidikan dasar yang mendukung anak berpikir logis, memecahkan masalah, serta mengaplikasikan konsep matematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, termasuk bagi siswa lamban belajar (slow learner). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan numerasi anak lamban belajar dalam mengenal angka dan bilangan 1-10. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, melibatkan tujuh siswa yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari lembar observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan data terkait kemampuan numerasi siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung saat pembelajaran berlangsung, wawancara dengan siswa dan guru, serta dokumentasi hasil kerja siswa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan tema utama terkait pemahaman numerasi. Media konkret berupa kancing dan kelereng digunakan sebagai alat bantu visual guna memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep numerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enam dari tujuh siswa mampu mengenali angka 1-10 dengan baik setelah menggunakan media konkret, serta mengalami peningkatan motivasi dan keterlibatan dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya penggunaan alat peraga konkret dan bimbingan guru dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang responsif terhadap kebutuhan individu siswa. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi bagi praktik pendidikan dalam merancang strategi pengajaran yang lebih inklusif dan adaptif untuk anak lamban belajar.
Peningkatan Kepatuhan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Dengan Program Pemutihan Dan Sosialisasi Pajak
Authors: Rahayu Niken , Defitri Siska Yulia , Putri Rita Dwi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh program pemutihan pajak kendaraan bermotor dan sosialisasi pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor, penentuan sampel dengan menggunakan rumus slovin melalui accidental sampling. Metode analisis menggunakan uji Annova dan regresi linear berganda dengan alat statistic SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program pemutihan pajak kendaraan bermotor dan sosialisasi pajak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor, dimana semakin meningkat pelaksanaan Program Pemutihan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor, maka akan meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kantor Samsat Kota Sawahlunto, karena dapat meringankan wajib pajak yang tagihannya sudah menunggak selama bertahun-tahun. Selain itu, tidak semua wajib pajak selalu ingat akan kewajiban yang akan mereka bayar, dengan adanya Sosialisasi Pajak ini maka akan semakin meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Pemutihan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor dan Sosialisasi Pajak berpengaruh secara simultan (bersama-sama) terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kantor Samsat Kota Sawahlunto.
Fluctuations in Physical Activity over the Course of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jessica Smith-Ricketts  , Gretchen E. Elsey  , David Kohan  , Andrew Lepp  , Jacob E. Barkley
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Several studies have indicated that physical activity (PA) declined during the restrictions associated with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research comparing PA before the pandemic and during the pandemic-related restrictions to a more recent period when pandemic-related restrictions ended is limited. The purpose of this study was to compare PA across three timepoints: prior to the start of the pandemic (T1), the initial six-months of the pandemic (T2), and 18 – 24 months after the onset of the pandemic (T3).
Methods:  University students (N = 149, n = 80 female) who owned an Apple iPhone reported PA (average steps/day) using the Health app at three timepoints: T1 (9/2019-3/2020), T2 (3/2020-8/2020), and T3 (9/2021-3/2022).
Results: A one-way repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated a significant main effect (F = 11.4, p < 0.001) for changes in average daily steps across timepoints. Steps were significantly lower (p £ 0.004) during T2 (5045 ± 2423 steps/day) when compared to T1 (5674 ± 2856 steps/day) and T3 (6010 ± 2616 steps/day). No significant differences (p = 0.11) were found between T1 and T3.
Conclusions: During the initial six months of the pandemic participants reduced steps by 11%, which supports previous research. Subsequently, current evidence supports a novel recovery in steps in the six months prior to data collection as PA returned to baseline values. Future research is warranted to determine if other negative behaviors that may have been adopted during the pandemic have since abated.
Tantangan dan Strategi Manajemen Risiko Lembaga Keuangan di Era Digital
Authors: Rahmah Nanda
Published: November 2024

Lembaga keuangan modern menghadapi tantangan yang semakin kompleks seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi dan perubahan peraturan yang dinamis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tantangan terpenting manajemen risiko di lembaga keuangan dan strategi efektif untuk menyelesaikannya di era digital. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi dari penelitian literatur dan analisis kasus aktual. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa risiko dunia maya, perubahan peraturan, dan volatilitas pasar merupakan tantangan terbesar yang mempengaruhi stabilitas dan operasional lembaga keuangan. Selain itu, adopsi teknologi finansial (FinTech) mempunyai implikasi signifikan terhadap strategi manajemen risiko. Studi tersebut mengusulkan beberapa strategi, termasuk peningkatan investasi dalam keamanan siber, penerapan sistem manajemen risiko terintegrasi, dan kolaborasi dengan perusahaan FinTech dalam inovasi produk dan layanan. Temuan ini memberikan panduan praktis bagi para manajer lembaga keuangan mengenai tantangan manajemen risiko di era digital, serta kontribusi teoretis terhadap pengembangan literatur manajemen risiko keuangan.
Urgensi Penegakan Sanksi Administrasi Terhadap Pejabat TUN atas Pelanggaran Izin Lingkungan oleh Korporasi
Authors: Rizki Radha , Zahra Shalsabila , Gusthomi Moh.
Published: November 2024

Korporasi dalam melakukan kegiatan usahanya di satu sisi menimbulkan dampak positif untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan, namun di satu sisi juga menimbulkan dampak negatif pada kerusakan lingkungan. Faktor yang menyebabkan permasalahan tersebut salah satunya terkait dengan perizinan. Meskipun undang-undang sudah mengatur bagaimana prosedur dalam pemberian sebuah izin, namun seringkali prosedur itu disalahgunakan dan hanya dijadikan sebagai formalitas administrasi saja, padahal izin merupakan hal krusial yang akan berpengaruh pada legalitas atas tindakan yang dilakukan oleh korporasi dalam menjalani kegiatan usahanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana prosedur penerbitan izin dan upaya hukum serta tanggung jawab pejabat TUN yang lalai dalam memberikan keputusan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan yang bersumber dari undang-undang, pendekatan yang berasal dari konsep pelaksanaan, dan pendekatan yang berasal dari sejarah. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan pemahaman bagaimana prosedur penerbitan izin lingkungan diatur dalam UUPLH. Pejabat TUN dapat dikenakan sanksi administrasi baik ringan, sedang atau berat dimana sanksi tersebut dapat dijatuhkan secara langsung apabila sanksi yang bentuknya ringan dan melalui proses pemeriksaan internal jika itu sanksi yang masuk ke dalam kategori sedang dan berat.
A comprehensive analysis of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches
Authors: Al-Arej Ibrahim Muhammad , Alsayegh Abdullatif Suliman , Al Owias Meshal Ibrahim Zaid , Aldawsari Hamad Fahad Hamad , Alanezi Bader Sayah , Al-Shuwayman Abdullah Abdulrahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition characterized by the reflux of stomach contents, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential complications. The Montreal definition emphasizes symptom severity, while the Lyon Consensus focuses on physiological aspects, and the Rome IV Conference highlights functional syndromes resembling GERD. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of GERD, consolidating various definitions and perspectives. Aim: The study seeks to clarify the multifaceted nature of GERD, including its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes existing literature, examining prevalence, morbidity, and mortality associated with GERD, as well as its pathogenesis and the impact of lifestyle factors such as obesity. Data from various studies were analyzed to assess the global prevalence of GERD and its complications. Results: GERD prevalence varies globally, from 2.5% in China to 51.2% in Greece, with significant associations between obesity and GERD-related complications, including esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The economic burden of GERD is substantial, with significant healthcare costs reported in multiple countries. The review also highlights the dual role of Helicobacter pylori, which may both exacerbate and protect against GERD symptoms.
Endocarditis: An overview of serious cardiac disease for healthcare professionals
Authors: Alshebel Abdulrahman Yousuf , Alduaybi Mohammed Abdullah , Alharbi Sanad Samah , Alajmi Nada Abdulrahman Amer , Alkhadrawi Mariam Adnan , Al Owias Meshal Ibrahim Zaid , Al Rashedi Adel Awad , Alqahtani Asma Saad , Alanezi Bader Sayah
Published: November 2024

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe cardiac condition primarily caused by various pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, that invade the bloodstream and affect heart valves. Historically linked to rheumatic fever, the epidemiology of IE has evolved, with healthcare-associated infective endocarditis (HCAIE) now representing a significant portion of cases due to increased use of intravenous devices. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, mortality rates remain high, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of IE. Aim: This article aims to evaluate the epidemiological trends of IE, discuss the latest diagnostic and management guidelines, and explore future directions to improve treatment outcomes. Methods: A thorough review of recent literature, epidemiological data, and current guidelines related to IE was conducted, analyzing global trends, causative agents, risk factors, and changing prevention strategies. Results: The incidence of IE has increased significantly, from 478,000 cases in 1990 to over 1 million in 2019, with a corresponding rise in mortality. Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as the leading pathogen, particularly in healthcare settings, while the epidemiology varies across regions, especially in developing countries. Conclusion: The multifaceted nature of IE requires a multidisciplinary approach for effective management.
Sexually transmitted infections: An updated review article for healthcare professionals
Authors: Hazazi Aishah Abduh , Alanazi Ahmad Alhelo , Darbashi Meshael Ali , Alharthi Yaser Saad , Al Suliman Rana Mohammed , Alluhaydan Jumanah Abdulaziz Saleh , Alanazi Nadyah Khalaf Safi , Alanazi Yasmeen Alhumaidi Jado , Alotaibi Areej Bader , Al-Arej Ibrahim Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a significant public health concern worldwide, frequently going untreated and leading to severe health complications. The prevalence of STIs, particularly in underserved populations, necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their epidemiology, transmission, and management. Aim: This review aims to provide healthcare professionals with an updated overview of the most prevalent STIs, their epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and effective prevention and treatment strategies. Methods: The review synthesizes current data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), alongside relevant literature on STI pathogenesis, symptomatology, and management protocols. It also highlights the need for improved data collection systems to track and manage STI incidence effectively. Results: The review identifies the seven most prevalent STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, HIV, HPV, and trichomoniasis, detailing their transmission routes, risk factors, and treatment options. Epidemiological data indicate a rising trend in STI cases, particularly in populations aged 15 to 50, with significant co-infection rates observed among those with HIV. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for healthcare providers to enhance their knowledge of STIs to implement effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment measures.
Pragmatic Analysis of Undergraduate Male and Female Students’ Politeness Strategies in Initiating and Terminating Conversations Online
Authors: Castro Jasmine Hannah C. , Duray Sitti Amina , Tanguihan Kate Angulie , Syting Christian Jay O.
Published: November 2024

This study examines the politeness strategies employed by male and female undergraduate students in online interactions, focusing on conversation initiation and termination. A pragmatic analysis was conducted using House and Kasper's (1981) linguistic politeness theory alongside Miles and Huberman's model for data interpretation. The findings indicate that male students predominantly used committers, consultative devices, and downtoners to initiate conversations, while employing downtoners, understaters, and politeness markers for termination. In contrast, female students utilized committers, consultative devices, politeness markers, and playdowns for initiation, and committers, playdowns, and politeness markers for termination. Applying Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness theory, male students mainly favored positive politeness, negative politeness, and bald-on-record strategies during initiation, while employing both positive and negative strategies for termination. Female students exhibited a preference for positive and negative politeness strategies, along with off-record strategies for initiation, relying solely on positive politeness for termination. These findings highlight distinct gender-specific communication patterns in online environments, providing valuable insights for linguistics, communication studies, and gender studies. The results can guide educators, policymakers, and practitioners in developing inclusive and effective communication strategies tailored to digital learning contexts.
Analysis of the Principles of Quantum Computing and State-of-the-Art Applications
Authors: Li Zhuolun
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Contemporarily, quantum computing has emerged as a promising field, offering potential breakthroughs in various computational tasks that are currently limited by classical computing. With this in mind, this study delves into the principles of quantum computing, exploring the fundamental concept of quantum entanglement and its implications for computation. After outlining the historical development and research significance of quantum computing, this research presents an overview of the latest advancements in the field. The paper then focuses on the principles of quantum computation, including the use of qubits and quantum gates, illustrated with relevant mathematical formulations and diagrams. Furthermore, this study discusses the state-of-the-art applications of quantum computing, showcasing recent achievements and results obtained from these cutting-edge technologies. A comparative analysis with traditional algorithms highlights the advantages and potential gains offered by quantum computing. Finally, the current limitations of quantum computing are discussed and the insights into future research directions and prospects are proposed for this exciting field.
Advances in monocular ORB-SLAM system: a review
Authors: Yuan Ziyi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Perception and localization are the main factors to determine the success of unmanned vehicles. Therefore, researchers have conducted substantial studies, which made unmanned driving not only to perceive and comprehend the around environments but also refer to the detail about the environments by constructing 3D map. While there is still a lack of uniform explanation of Oriented Fast and Rotated Brief - Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (ORB-SLAM) for monoculars. By selecting and collecting the combination and application of the recent four types of monocular ORB-SLAM in unmanned driving scenarios, this paper discusses the question of how to decrease cumulative error and ensure accuracy and robustness in dynamic environments. It is revealed that after comparing the recent four types of ORB-SLAM systems with conventional ORB-SLAM systems, the fusion systems robustness and accuracy have been improved. Combining visual SLAM sensors with different algorithms and studying in different complex environments will be mainstream in future research.
Intelligent assistive obstacle avoidance device based on SLAM and wearable technology
Authors: Zhang Yang
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper presents a conceptual design for an intelligent assistive device that combines visual simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) with wearable technology. The device has been developed through the integration of two innovative fields: visual SLAM and wearable technology. The objective is to develop a device that is both user-friendly and safe. The design addresses the issue of safety for visually impaired individuals when they are outside the home. The objective is to provide a dependable, real-time, and resilient solution that can be utilised in intricate indoor and outdoor settings. The system is designed to provide reliable, real-time, and highly effective solutions in variable environments. The main components of the proposed system include visual SLAM, intelligent wearable devices (as carriers), and a comfortable and straightforward user feedback system (through haptic, auditory, or visual signals to provide feedback to the wearer), while simultaneously considering the safety and comfort of the device. This is due to the consideration of the prolonged and frequent periods of use by visually impaired individuals. This paper considers the latest advances in SLAM algorithms, improvements in wearable sensors and the latest developments in robotics for assisting visually impaired people. It also discusses the potential of these technologies in the future development of assistive devices. The aim is to provide a feasible, comfortable and safe solution that will enhance the safety and autonomy of visually impaired people when they are outside.
A Review of Pluralistic Image Completion
Authors: Wang Sirui
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Image inpainting has always been a major problem in the field of scientific research. How to fill in the damaged area of the image to make the image look realistic is the main goal of the image inpainting task. In recent years, with the rapid development of machine learning, the researchers started using machine learning to assist in image inpainting. The most representative one is image inpainting based on generative models. The classic idea of restoration is to generate a restoration result with the highest quality and the most realistic appearance. However, as long as the result is reasonable, image inpainting allows for multiple restoration results. For this reason, the field of pluralistic image completion was born. This paper introduces pluralistic image completion and reviews past research in this field. This paper divides pluralistic image completion methods into three categories: VAE-based, GAN-based, and Transformer-based, and gives examples of various representative methods and the latest research in this field. This paper also introduces the available datasets and evaluation metrics. A discussion is given based on the performance of these three categories of methods and the prospects for the development of the field of pluralistic image completion. This review can serve as a reference for researchers in the field of image inpainting. It provides a table of datasets that can be used to evaluate and compare the listed methods and looks forward to possible developments and applications in this field in the future.
Forecasting of oil and gas stock market in major US
Authors: Zuo Zhonghao
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Oil and gas are two crucial resources in modern life and the development of technology. Investors are not only concerned about their own price, but their stock price is also an important part of formulating investment plans. This article will focus on the adjusted closing price since it consists of adjustments for splits, dividends, and capital gain distributions, which can demonstrate the situation of oil and gas in the stock market better. After the occurrence of COVID-19, the economic market of the whole world including the US. encountered great changes in many aspects. Thus, this article considered applying the model with the best performance from ARIMA, exponential smoothing, and Holt-Winters method to forecast the future adjusted closing prices of two large and representative companies in oil and gas from the US. According to the predicted results, the US oil and gas market is likely to experience a small but steady increase.
Utilising ARIMA models to predict the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet and comprehend its fluctuations
Authors: Gao Yijun
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet is forecasted in this study using ARIMA models, with a particular emphasis on the distinct regions of East and West Antarctica. The research endeavours to forecast the trends in ice mass balance over the next 12 years by examining data from 1992 to 2021, thereby elucidating the potential impacts of climate change on these critical regions. The ARIMA model, which is renowned for its capacity to capture and predict time series data, has identified substantial trends that indicate a persistent loss of ice mass, particularly in West Antarctica, which has experienced substantial declines in recent decades. The model's predictions suggest that, despite the potential for a reduction in the rate of loss, the overall trend is consistent with the ongoing reduction of ice mass. These results underscore the pressing necessity for ongoing research and monitoring to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the consequences of these developments. The study also emphasises the necessity of enhancing predictive models by incorporating supplementary environmental variables to provide more comprehensive insights into the future of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and its global impacts, thereby increasing their accuracy.
A random forest approach to analyzing socioeconomic influences on U.S. infant mortality
Authors: Chen Yuyang
Published: November 2024

Abstract. One important measure of a society's overall health and well-being is infant mortality. However, the infant mortality in US has long been the highest for years among all the high-income nations. While technical and medical factors are often considered, this study posits that socioeconomic determinants also play a critical role. The random forest model, known as its great ability of ranking importance of factors, is an ideal instrument for evaluating how various socioeconomic factors affect infant mortality in the United States. Using data Wonder database, this study applies a random forest approach to evaluate and rank the significance of different socioeconomic factors. The results indicate that the fathers age, mothers education level, parental birthplace, and fathers race are the four most influential factors affecting infant mortality rates in the U.S. Based on these findings, this study advocates for increased attention from policymakers and the public to address these critical socioeconomic factors in efforts to reduce infant mortality.
Research on the climate change and prediction of the temperature in Beijing
Authors: Liu Xuefei
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Over the past few years, global warming has become a growing threat to the human living environment. Thus, preventing extreme temperature changes is a crucial area of study for the global community. However, temperature changes have diverse causes, making it hard to accurately calculate the data that impacts subsequent temperature forecasts. The ARIMA model is widely favoured by researchers as a typical time series prediction model. Additionally, it holds significant research value in forecasting dynamic models. This paper will use the ARIMA model to forecast temperature changes in Beijing for the next month, starting on 21 July. The findings show that the temperature remains relatively stable in the upcoming month, with minimal fluctuations. Based on historical data, this is the peak temperature in Beijing for the year. So, if the temperatures are not extremely high now, they might not get higher later. This forecast can be used as a guide for managing extreme temperatures in Beijing in the future.
Prediction of the Technology Stock Market in American: based on Apple, Microsoft and Netflix
Authors: Liu Che
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Stock market has been and will always be the central of the financial market. It is also a leading indicator of the economy react before the business cycle. Thus, predicted the trend of the stock market should be considered by market participants, policymakers and academicians. Simultaneously, technology stock market is gradually dominating the market. Under such a background, this paper will forecast the trend of the technology stock market based on a few technology companies, which are highly weighted in the technology industry, via the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. This study has successfully predicted the price of the technology stock market, which the predicted outcome is a close match to the actual price. The trend of the technology market analyzed by the ARIMA model with first order difference parameters, is going upward. The result represents American business cycle is undergoing a transition from contraction phase to recovery phase to some extent.
Analysis of modeling nasal narrow space based on visual slam
Authors: Li Changru
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Now, surgeries are becoming more stable, safe, efficient and low-cost. During the surgical treatment of nasal diseases, surgical robotic robotics can help operate accurately and reduce the discomfort after surgery. However, due to the internal space of the nasal cavity being relatively narrow, it is difficult for the nasal surgical robot to contain multiple vision sensors and the monocular camera could not get information about the depth of the 3D objects in the scene, so the existing surgical robots cannot accomplish the three-dimensional modeling about the internal space of nasal cavity well. In practice, doctors still have to analyze pictures from the robotic, which may decrease the efficiency of the surgery and increase the risk to patients. This article designed a SLAM algorithm framework based on a depth estimation network, it can simulate the internal structure of the nasal cavity more accurately through pictures, which come from monocular endoscopic on surgical robotic. The insights gained in this study verify that the method of image segmentation can also make the depth representation of the nasal internal space more accurate and this method may help robots realize their self-position in the narrow area of the nasal cavity, which lays the foundations for the development of fully autonomous surgical robots.
The method of driver fatigue detection in intelligent driving
Authors: Liu Yaqi
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Fatigue driving is one of the main causes of traffic accidents, and currently available methods for detecting driver fatigue include sensor detection and intelligent driving assistance. The importance of driver fatigue detection lies in timely detection of the driver condition, which helps reduce fatigue driving accidents. The research on fatigue detection technology has also provided more sensors and data processing techniques for intelligent driving systems, promoting the improvement and optimization of intelligent driving systems. This article reviews the technologies available for fatigue detection, summarizes existing research on driver fatigue detection, analyzes various modal detection methods and the use of AI in fatigue monitoring, and proposes future research and development trends for fatigue detection systems. This paper discussed three parts of fatigue monitoring technology: sensor technology, data processing technology, and algorithm optimization, and analyzed their advantages, disadvantages, and future development trends. The conclusion is that fatigue monitoring technology should use the advantages of different sensors and combine them with intelligent driving. The accuracy of this technology still needs to be improved.
Forecasting urban unemployment rate in China using ARIMA model
Authors: Jiang Xinyue
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The urban unemployment rate is a significant economic indicator that has long drawn researchers interest. Monitoring and predicting changes in the unemployment rate can help in understanding economic trends and implementing appropriate measures. This article aims to forecast urban unemployment rates in China. By collecting previous surveyed urban unemployment rates in China, this article will generate and compare various ARIMA models in order to identify the one with the best forecasting accuracy. The forecast results of the selected model state that the unemployment rate will remain almost unchanged, around 5%, in the second half of 2024 and throughout 2025. Fluctuations are expected to be between 0.01% and 0.03%. The number is much lower than the peak during the pandemic, but it is still above the historical average. This article argues that Chinas economy is gradually stabilizing, and the post-pandemic measures have been effective but are still insufficient. The government still needs to implement additional actions.
Forecast of consumption of natural gas in U.S. based on time series analysis and ARIMA model
Authors: Huang Wenhao
Published: November 2024

Natural gas is a widely used fossil fuel, playing a vital role in both industrial and economic sectors. As a widely used fossil fuel, the prediction of natural gas consumption is crucial for industrial and economics and hence many scholars have been researched on the topic. Due to the weather variation and the sensitivity of industrial demand, a precise consumption forecast is difficult. In the article, ARIMA model, a widely used model in time series analysis and forecasts would be considered in the prediction for consumption for future one year. It turns out that, in the next year, the consumption of natural gas in the coming year is stable and will stay at a still level and the overall trend of the series is increasing, with no significant short-term fluctuations. Therefore, the article suggested that long-term investment in industries related to natural gas is recommended. Besides, short-term investment is not suggested compared to the long-term due to the still level of the consumption within one year.