bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redes socioeconômicas aplicadas à avaliação de risco de entrada de pragas via importação de frutas no Brasil
Authors: Monteferrante Eduardo Cassettari , Miranda Sílvia Helena Galvão de
Published: October 2024

Resumo O comércio internacional é capaz de afetar negativamente a fruticultura brasileira, em razão do risco à sanidade vegetal, que é a combinação da probabilidade de ocorrência da praga e seu perigo potencial. O modelo de rede socioeconômica possui potencial de representar esse risco e ser usado pelo órgão fiscalizador. Os objetivos são analisar a aplicabilidade do modelo para a avaliação de risco de entrada de pragas via importação, e converter os resultados em propostas de estratégias de inspeção para determinadas frutas. A probabilidade foi representada pela frequência de importação caracterizada pelo tamanho do nó e a espessura do arco, enquanto o perigo potencial foi expresso pela cor do nó, de acordo com as pragas interceptadas de 2018 a 2020. O método se mostrou útil como meio visual para analisar as regiões de risco, mas não como método preditivo. Como resultado, as maçãs e peras importadas da Argentina, Uruguai, Chile e Espanha, principalmente pela região Sul; frutas do gênero Prunnus do Chile, especialmente pelo Rio Grande do Sul; frutas da Nomenclatura Comum do Mercosul 0810, do Chile, México e EUA; citros do Uruguai e Argentina, em particular, por São Paulo; uva da Argentina, em especial, importadas via região Sul, Pernambuco e São Paulo precisam de inspeção mais rigorosa.
Plano de manejo e mitigação de riscos em pesquisa com pessoas que procuram aborto legal
Authors: Klepa Victória de Biassio , Franzon Ana Carolina Arruda , Schiocchet Taysa
Published: October 2024

Resumo Este relato descreve a criação de um protocolo para uma pesquisa interdisciplinar com métodos mistos sobre o acesso ao aborto legal no Brasil. Desenvolvemos um Plano de Manejo e Mitigação de Riscos, parte do Procedimento Operacional Padrão (POP), para orientar as pesquisadoras em uma abordagem epistêmica feminista. O protocolo oferece diretrizes para pesquisas qualitativas sobre temas sensíveis em saúde, com recomendações para lidar com situações durante as entrevistas, gerenciar riscos, e garantir anonimato, sigilo e proteção de dados das/os participantes.
Cuando la entrevista te domina: dilemas de un campo con fuerzas de seguridad
Authors: Moretti Constanza
Published: October 2024

Resumen El campo produce configuraciones singulares de las relaciones entre quien investiga y quien es entrevistado. Se analizan registros de campo significativos de entrevistas en profundidad a agentes de fuerzas de seguridad en Argentina. Sostenemos que la interseccionalidad entre género, generación y profesión produce determinados modos de intelegir y actuar en correspondencia. Proponemos tres momentos que se desarrollan en dicha configuración: seducción, dominación y huida. Se analizan los resultados desde el interaccionismo simbólico, la teoría de género, la antropología de las emociones y el psicoanálisis.
Gender Expectations in Campaigns: The Incorporation of the Feminine into the Masculine
Authors: Caetano Renato Duarte , Marques Gabrielle dos Santos , Mendonça Ricardo Fabrino
Published: October 2024

Abstract This paper investigates the use of gender stereotypes during the primary presidential campaigns of 2022 in Brazil. Employing an interpretative visual methodology, the study analyzes 14 images that were sourced from the Instagram profiles of the two main candidates. The objective of the study is to explore the role of masculine and feminine elements within the candidates’ campaign aesthetics. We argue that feminine signifiers are discernible in the visual portrayal of both male candidates, contributing to a larger general trend in the political realm of softening authority figures.
Uma leitura feminista sobre o desejo feminino em Lilian M (1975), de Reichenbach
Authors: Adamatti Margarida Maria , Uchôa Fábio Raddi
Published: October 2024

Resumo Articulando pensamento feminista e cinema, este artigo indaga o resplandecer do desejo da mulher no filme Lilian M (1975), de Carlos Reichenbach, observando como o cineasta interage com os debates dos anos 1970 sobre a sexualidade feminina e integra-os à composição narrativa. A análise fílmica enfatiza um processo de intercâmbio entre desejo, insatisfação feminina e o mascaramento, como um trabalho autoral crítico, que não desconsidera os diálogos com o voyeurismo, o sistema de dominação-exploração da mulher e as aventuras sexuais da comédia erótica.
Uma banca à beira-mar: problematizações sobre Educação Matemática
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago Donda
Published: October 2024

Resumo Um professor convida dois amigos, que foram seus orientadores de mestrado e doutorado, para uma atividade incomum: compor uma banca com a finalidade de ajudá-lo a compreender como as duas pesquisas desenvolvidas sob a orientação de cada um deles, de campos diferentes da Educação Matemática, poderiam se aproximar teórico e metodologicamente. Apesar de improvável, os amigos topam o encontro e os três realizam a banca à beira mar. Conversam sobre pesquisa em Etnomatemática, Cartografia, etnografia, conceitos freireanos, tais como opressor-oprimido, educação libertadora; Educação Inclusiva, diversidade e diferença; rizomas, sistemas arborescentes, máquinas de guerra nômade, aparelhos de estado, poder disciplinar, normalização, ética foucaultiana, dentre outras coisas.
Transformações Geométricas no Ensino de Geometria: diferentes apropriações na matemática moderna
Authors: Leme da Silva Maria Célia , Jahn Ana Paula
Published: October 2024

Resumo Este artigo constitui um estudo no âmbito de um projeto mais amplo acerca das relações entre a História da Geometria Escolar e o Movimento da Matemática Moderna (MMM). Analisamos como um determinado saber – as transformações geométricas (TG) – circulou no contexto brasileiro durante o referido período. Sob uma perspectiva histórica, investigamos quatro livros didáticos produzidos entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970 por líderes do MMM. As questões orientadoras deste estudo foram as seguintes: quais são as semelhanças e diferenças nas abordagens das TG entre os diferentes livros? Como ocorreu a articulação entre as TG e a Geometria Euclidiana (GE)? O processo de inserção das TG por meio dos livros didáticos foi diverso, ressaltando a complexidade do diálogo e a viabilidade de conciliar demandas oriundas de culturas distintas: a acadêmica, como representante da produção científica, e a escolar, representante de experiências de práticas profissionais.
Geometric Transformations in Geometry Teaching: different appropriations in modern mathematics
Authors: Leme da Silva Maria Célia , Jahn Ana Paula
Published: October 2024

Abstract The present work establishes a study within the scope of a broader project on the relationships between the History of school geometry and the Modern Mathematics Movement (MMM). We analyzed how a particular knowledge – geometric transformations (GT) – circulated in the Brazilian context during the mentioned period. From a historical perspective, we investigated four textbooks produced between the 1960s and 1970s by MMM leaders. The guided questions of this study were the following: what are the similarities and differences in the approaches to GT between the different books? How did the articulation between GT and Euclidean Geometry (EG) happen? The process of insertion of GT through textbooks was diverse, highlighting the complexity of the dialogue and the prediction of reconciling demands arising from specific cultures: the academic one, as a representative of scientific production, and the school one, representing experiences of professional practices.
Dams and agricultural lands affect energy sources and the trophic position of fish in a floodplain
Authors: Urbano Vinícius de Andrade , Delanira-Santos Driele , Scoarize Matheus Maximilian Ratz , Benedito Evanilde
Published: October 2024

Abstract Landscape change caused by hydropower dam construction and invasion of agriculture in the riparian zone has been a catalyst for alterations in fish food web dynamics. The objectives of this study were to investigate the trophic state and land use of three rivers, one directly impacted by a dam; the trophic structure of four fish species of four trophic guilds; and the relationship between the trophic state and land use with trophic structure. We found a greater total allochthonous contribution in the dam-regulated river in contrast to its tributaries, along with less natural cover in the riparian zone, but a high percentage of natural vegetation on the islands. Additionally, we observed greater contribution of the riverine sources for all three rivers, independent of the trophic state and natural cover of the river. The trophic position was greater for the fish in the river in a protected area and lower in the rivers with a high percentage of agropastoral activities in the riparian areas. These findings show the importance of the conservation of the riverine zones mainly in dam-regulated rivers, because this vegetation provides the main energy source by fish.
New species of Pseudacanthicus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Xingu, Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Maria Letícia Batista Galvão , Sousa Leandro Melo de , Chamon Carine Cavalcante
Published: October 2024

Abstract The genus Pseudacanthicus encompasses eight recognized species so far: P. histrix, P. serratus, P. spinosus, P. fordii, P. leopardus, P. pitanga, P. pirarara, P. major. Only P. pirarara has been formally described from the rio Xingu basin. To address this gap in taxonomic knowledge of the region, a new species of the Pseudacanthicus is described here, aimed at enhancing our understanding of the genus within the rio Xingu basin and contributing to conservation efforts. The new species is primarily found downstream the impact zone of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. It can be promptly diagnosed from congeners by the color pattern of the body dark brown to black with light gray vermicular spots on the dorsal and ventral surfaces, and fins; lower maximum number of teeth in premaxilla and dentary; and other osteological characters. It’s worth noting that the ichthyofauna of the Amazonian drainages lacks comprehensive taxonomic and biological information regarding Pseudacanthicus. In this context, unchecked anthropogenic activities are leading to changes in the ecosystem, often resulting in the extinction of species even before they are scientifically addressed.
DNA barcode shows discordant cases among morphological and molecular species identification in Isbrueckerichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)
Authors: Almeida Rafael B. de , Azambuja Matheus , Nogaroto Viviane , Oliveira Claudio , Roxo Fábio F. , Zawadzki Cláudio H. , Vicari Marcelo R.
Published: October 2024

Abstract Isbrueckerichthys is a genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with five species in the lowlands from the Ribeira de Iguape basin and in the uplands of the Tibagi River basin. Despite the validation of the morphological species, molecular data to investigate gene flow and species delimitation have not been completed for all species. For this purpose, we compared sequences of COI region associated with barcoding molecular identification, aiming for a species delimitation analysis and generating population data of I. alipionis, I. epakmos, I. duseni, I. cf. duseni, I. saxicola, and I. calvus. The K2P genetic distance, molecular species delimitation analysis, and well-sustained branches in the phylogenetic tree validate I. alipionis, I. epakmos, and I. duseni, and suggest I. cf. duseni as a valid molecular operational taxonomic unit. However, no differences were detected between I. saxicola and I. calvus. The discordance between molecular and morphological species may be due to the recent dispersal of some Isbrueckerichthys representatives at the border between the Ribeira de Iguape and Tibagi basins. The isolation features of the mountainous region of Ribeira de Iguape basin and headwaters captures to uplands are presented to explain the dispersion and the cases of incipient speciation in Isbrueckerichthys lineages.
GÊNERO TEXTUAL COMO SIGNO LINGÜÍSTICO: OS REFLEXOS DA TESE DA ARBITRARIEADE
Authors: Bonini Adair
Published: October 2024

Resumo As marcas formais de um gênero apresentam correspondências regulares com o mundo que ele evoca. Este fato conduz a reflexão tecida neste artigo, que aponta para um olhar sobre as convenções em oposição ao que não é convencionalizado, mas substrato das ações no mundo. Neste sentido, três temas são abordados: a relação entre gênero e signo lingüístico, a relação da linguagem com sua exterioridade e a categorização como substrato para a pesquisa da linguagem.
Industrial heritage, identity, and memory: the case of the Ruhr Valley
Authors: Rezende Rafael
Published: October 2024

Abstract This article aims to describe and analyze the process of preservation and repurposing of industrial heritage in the Ruhr Valley based on field research conducted in the region between October 2023 and July 2024. To achieve this, we will begin by contextualizing the industrialization and deindustrialization process that has been occurring over the last century and a half in the Ruhr Valley. We will demonstrate its connections with the urbanization of the area and the construction of a local collective identity grounded on the memory of the mining and industrial past. Then, we will explore the political and economic processes that led to the formation of the Ruhr Industrial Heritage Route, a collection of industrial sites of historical interest now protected and repurposed.
Espacios del terciario. ¿Tendencias de reestructuración urbana en contextos de desindustrialización?
Authors: Goicoechea María Eugenia , Mejica María Soledad Arqueros
Published: October 2024

Resumen Este artículo se propone comprender y caracterizar el surgimiento de espacios del terciario en la ciudad posindustrial, poniendo particular atención a las transformaciones productivas y espaciales que promueven. Entendemos a los espacios del terciario como figuras urbanas novedosas orientadas a la reconversión productiva y espacial de áreas consolidadas, estimulando el crecimiento del sector terciario, la vitalidad comercial y la dinamización urbana. La investigación está focalizada en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. La estrategia metodológica es cualitativa y los datos fueron producidos mediante un relevamiento morfo-tipológico y la realización de entrevistas a funcionarios municipales y empresarios del sector. Los resultados evidencian el papel que juegan estas figuras en la reconversión productiva y urbana de áreas previamente industriales.
Campo marrom industrial à luz da relação centro-periferia: Marabá-PA
Authors: Souza Mateus Teixeira de
Published: October 2024

Resumo O Distrito Industrial de Marabá (DIM) é um local vinculado à transformação e ao beneficiamento de recursos sob uma ótica de agregação de valor ao minério de ferro de Carajás-PA. Porém, indústrias locais promoveram grande transformação espacial com o emprego de técnicas e tecnologias arcaicas e poluentes que, após aumento nos custos e alteração nos preços internacionais, tiveram as áreas abandonadas, indicando um processo de campo marrom (brownfield) em formação no DIM e áreas conexas. Seguiu-se um processo de transumância, acompanhado de ciclos de retração e concentração econômica. Verifica-se uma condição de periferia mineroindustrial na implantação e concepção do DIM, bem como a formação como um campo marrom, inclusive com repercussões espaciais, econômicas, demográficas e ambientais.
Effect of treatment with thiamethoxam and cyantraniliprole on the germination and storage of forest tree seeds
Authors: Carvalho Thayane Ferreira , Barroso Patricia Doerl , Carvalho Everson Reis , Faria Jose Marcio Rocha , José Anderson Cleiton
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: Seed predation is a problem that limits the use of direct sowing of tree species, and it is necessary to develop studies involving products used in seed treatment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of treatment with insecticides on the storage and germination of seeds of six forest species. Seeds were treated with thiamethoxam and cyantraniliprole and germinated on paper and sand substrates at 25 °C under constant light. For storage, the seeds were treated and analyzed at 0, 3 and 6 months. For both tests, the following variables were evaluated: germination, mortality, hard seeds, abnormal seedlings, average length of shoot and primary root, and germination speed index (GSI). For Senna multijuga, treatment with insecticides had no effect. Peltophorum dubium and Enterolobium contortisiliquum showed positive effects of the treatments on seedling vigor and development, while Guazuma ulmifolia displayed a negative effect on primary root length. Bowdichia virgilioides and Hymenaea courbaril seeds were sensitive to the treatments. It is possible to treat and store P. dubium and E. contortisiliquum seeds with thiamethoxam for up to six months.
Sobol method for sensitivity analysis of the hydrus model in the simulation of water infiltration in alluvial deposit in the brazilian semiariid
Authors: Silva Maria Eduarda Rodrigues da , Santos Neto Severino Martins dos , Peronico Rodrigo Lustosa , Alcântara Lucas Ravellys Pyrrho de , Costa Ialy Rayane de Aguiar , Antonino Antonio Celso Dantas , Coutinho Artur Paiva
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Simulation of water flow in the soil in semiarid regions is fundamental for managing scarce water resources. Aiming for more accurate results, the sensitivity analysis (SA) of the hydrodynamic parameters involved in the simulations is very relevant. This study aims to evaluate the influence of hydrodynamic parameters on the hydrological response of an alluvial deposit in the dry bed of the Capibaribe River using the Hydrus-1D. A global sensitivity analysis method proposed by Sobol was chosen to evaluate the sensitivity of the soil water infiltration curve. A convergence analysis was carried out to investigate the evolution of the indices with increasing sample size. Values of the sensitivity indices showed gross variations at the beginning of the simulations for the different parameters, but they converged within the set of 10,000 samples. For parameters whose sensitivity indices are closer to 0, it is noted that 1,000 samples (14,000 simulations) were sufficient for the index to converge to their final value. The total and first-order sensitivity index calculated with 10,000 samples present the parameters n and Ks as the most important, being expressly more influential than the others.
Promoção da saúde e biomedicalização: balanço crítico da literatura sobre testagem do HIV (2010-2019)
Authors: Monteiro Simone , Brigeiro Mauro
Published: October 2024

Resumo As atuais diretrizes globais e nacional para controle do HIV/aids denotam uma acentuada ênfase biomédica, expressa na ampliação do acesso ao teste do HIV, visando o diagnóstico precoce, o encaminhamento para tratamento e a redução da carga viral. Por meio de um balanço crítico da literatura nacional e internacional, objetivamos identificar como a noção de promoção da saúde tem sido concebida na produção acadêmica sobre testagem do HIV entre mulheres trans/travestis, gays/outros HSH (homens que fazem sexo com homens) e mulheres cis trabalhadoras sexuais, no período entre 2010 e 2019. Os achados confirmam a tendência de biomedicalização no modo de conceber e operacionalizar programas e ações de testagem de HIV, bem como usos diferenciados da noção de promoção da saúde. Na literatura sobre gays/HSH, tal noção é empregada, predominantemente, como suporte para as estratégias de expansão de acesso ao teste, não se diferenciando da noção de prevenção. Na literatura sobre mulheres trans/travestis e trabalhadoras sexuais, majoritariamente, o teste de HIV está subordinado a uma agenda de debates e reflexões mais amplas de promoção da saúde. Os resultados permitem uma reflexão sobre como o processo de biomedicalização opera uma reconfiguração dos sentidos e práticas associados à prevenção e à promoção da saúde.
População ribeirinha amazônica em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19: reflexões sobre os desafios enfrentados por Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS)
Authors: Jaty Líbia Daniele Oliveira , Santos Geísa Cordeiro dos , Gomes Ane Karoline da Rocha Ferreira , Cortes João Paulo Soares de , Meschede Marina Smidt Celere , Costa Teógenes Luiz Silva da
Published: October 2024

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em refletir sobre os desafios que se impuseram frente à atuação dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) durante a pandemia do Covid-19 no cenário de comunidades ribeirinhas amazônidas. Objetivou-se, ainda, verificar quais ações foram realizadas pelos ACS, visando dirimir a propagação do vírus. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva qualitativa, em que os dados foram coletados a partir de um questionário fechado semiestruturado. Para análise dos dados, utilizamos o software Iramuteq, com análises de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente e árvore de similitude, obtivemos sete classes que foram analisadas e agrupadas em: (1) providências tomadas e falta de testes; (2) descrença na pandemia, o medo e falta de valorização; (3) falta de materiais de apoio; e (4) orientações da covid-19 e não cumprimento das medidas de segurança, por parte dos comunitários. Verificou-se ainda que as Políticas Públicas, visando a melhoria do trabalho dos ACS dentro do território amazônico, são de fundamental importância, visto que os desafios diários no território ficaram ainda mais evidentes durante a pandemia. Dessa maneira, é notável a necessidade da revisão e reformulação das políticas públicas existentes na atenção básica, para que sejam contempladas as especificidades espaciais das áreas amazônicas.
Avaliação escolar: o erro precisa levar ao fracasso?
Authors: Fiori Claudia Ferreira Mendes de Farias , Oliveira Inês Barbosa de
Published: October 2024

Resumo Este trabalho apresenta resultados de pesquisa, tanto bibliográfica quanto empírica, sobre os efeitos da compreensão do erro na avaliação da aprendizagem e suas consequências nos processos de Ensino-aprendizagem. O objetivo é evidenciar a perspectiva de compreensão da avaliação como parte integrante do processo de aprendizagem, em contraposição à visão tradicional de julgamento e classificação. A pesquisa, realizada em uma escola da Rede Municipal de Ensino do Rio de Janeiro, investigou como gestores, docentes e estudantes significam a avaliação e o erro, buscando compreender os impactos dessas concepções sobre as práticas pedagógicas e o bem-estar dos alunos. Os resultados indicam dificuldades em conciliar a busca por uma perspectiva formativa da avaliação com a tendência de condenar o erro como sinônimo de fracasso escolar.
Sanitary sewage disinfection of a municipal treatment plant: use of individual and combined ozonation with UVC-LED radiation
Authors: Rodrigues João Henrique , Souza André Luis Fachini de , Garcia Adriana , Deucher Diego , Somensi Cleder Alexandre
Published: October 2024

Abstract The systematic articulation of water resources involves the use of technical and management instruments capable of minimizing environmental impacts with optimization of available capital and constitution of sewage treatment plants (STPs) to seek greater efficiency in the removal of contaminants, including microbiological ones, and enhance the quality of the water to be released into the receiving bodies. In systems where tertiary treatment is present, disinfection methods such as chlorination and UV radiation are commonly used as a final polishing of the effluent, and the monitoring of their effectiveness in disinfection is extremely important to avoid unnecessary expenses. Thus, this research sought to analyze the efficiency of disinfection of effluent samples from an STP of the sanitation system in the municipality of Indaial-SC using ozonation methods and the process combined with UVC-light-emitting diode (LED) radiation, on a bench scale, in batches. The determination of treatment efficiency was carried out by quantifying colony-forming units (CFU), and variables such as pH (5, 7, and 9) and application time (10, 20, and 30 min) formed the configuration of the analysis. The optimal disinfection point was reached within 20 min of the process, regardless of the disinfection method. In 10 min time, whenever the combined application was used, it showed improvement in efficiency at all pHs, most notably in alkaline medium. The application of UV radiation through LED is a recent technology and, therefore, has aroused interest in research worldwide.
SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE TERMINOLOGÍAS DE LA BIBLIA RELACIONADAS A MAGNITUDES FÍSICAS Y USO DE MONEDAS
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Ernesto
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de sistematizar la Biblia ha sido comentar palabras claves concernientes a unidades físicas y, para luego haber sido ordenadas en ocho temáticas. La metodología consistió en empezar a leer desde el génesis, que de un total sesenta y seis libros del antiguo y nuevo testamento se seleccionaron treinta y seis libros, entre los cuales fueron escogidas sesenta y cuatro palabras claves, que han sido clasificadas en diez para la aritmética, catorce para las dimensiones del espacio euclidiano, seis para el tiempo, tres para la temperatura, trece para la capacidad, siete para el peso propiamente dicho, cinco para el peso como valor comercial, seis para la moneda. Se concluye que no hubo conceptos para densidad, que hubo una evolución de conceptos para magnitudes de volumen, peso para líquidos, peso para sólidos y finalmente su relación con las monedas. La originalidad radica en que se comenta sobre una temática con escaso conocimiento concerniente a las magnitudes físicas reportadas en el primer libro impreso de la humanidad
Optimization stages of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt technique as a treatment method for portal hypertension complications
Authors: Garbuzenko D. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To describe the milestones to optimize of the technique of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Materials and methods. The PubMed and Embase databases, the Web of Science platform, the Google Scholar retrieval system, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the eLIBRARY.RU scientific electronic library, and the reference lists were used to search for articles. Articles corresponding to the aim of the review were selected for 1969-2023. The inclusion criteria were limited to technical solutions related to optimize of the technique of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Results. Innovative ideas, subsequent experimental studies and preliminary experience in liver cirrhosis patients contributed to the introduction of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt into clinical practice. At the moment, the main achievement to optimize of the technique of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is progress in the qualitative characteristics of stents. The transition from bare metal stents to expandable polytetraﬂuoroethylene-covered stent graft made it possible to largely prevent shunt dysfunction. However, the issue of its optimal diameter, contributing to an effective reduction of portal pressure without the risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy, which is one of the most common complications of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, remains relevant.

Conclusion. Further to optimize of the technique of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, as well as careful selection of patients based on cognitive indicators, nutritional status and assessment of liver function will reduce the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy and improve treatment results.
Abstracts of foreign publications
Authors: Akhaladze G. G. , Akhaladze D. G.
Published: October 2024

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Immediate and distant results of liver and bile duct resections for portal cholangiocarcinoma in elderly and senile patients
Authors: Efanov M. G. , Tarakanov P. V. , Koroleva A. A. , Vankovich A. N. , Kovalenko D. E. , Fisenko D. V. , Tsvirkun V. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Evaluation of surgical outcomes in elderly and senile patients with portal cholangiocarcinoma.

Materials and methods. The immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of 170 patients with portal cholangiocarcinoma performed in 2013–2023 were analyzed. A comparison of the outcomes in patients aged below 60, 60–74, and over 74 years old was carried out. Factors prognostically associated with a high risk of fatal outcome in elderly and senile patients were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results. The senile patient group was more likely to develop severe complications (p = 0.089) and had a higher 90-day mortality (p = 0.042). The combination of such factors as the Charlson comorbidity index, Comprehensive Risk Score (CRS), resection volume, and surgery duration showed high prognostic significance with respect to hospital mortality, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.895 (p < 0.001). The overall and recurrence-free survival of patients did not differ among all age groups (p = 0.886).

Conclusion. In the absence of appropriate patient selection based on risk factors, the surgical outcomes in senile patients deteriorate. When planning a surgical intervention in senile patients, attention should be paid to minimizing surgical trauma and surgery duration, especially in patients with a high comorbidity index.
BİST Ticaret Endeksinde Bulunan Firmaların Finansal Başarısızlıklarının Altman Modelleri ile Tahmini
Authors: Topaloğlu Gültekin
Published: October 2024

Edward I. Altman 1968 yılında firmaların finansal başarısızlıklarını tahmin etmek için Z Skor modelini geliştirmiştir. 1983 yılında Altman Z- Score modelinin halka açık olmayan firmalar içinde uygulanabilirliğini sağlamak üzere Z Skor modelinde değişiklik yaparak, Z^' Skor modelini geliştirmiştir. 1993 yılında Altman Z^'- Score modelini geliştirerek halka açık olan ve olmayan firmalar açısından uygulanabilir olması için Z^'' Skor modelini geliştirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Edward I. Altman tarafından geliştirilen Z^' ve Z^'' modellerini kullanarak, BIST Ticaret Endeksinde bulunan firmalar üzerine bir uygulama yapmaktır. Ayrıca literatür kapsamında yapılan incelemede Altmana ait modellerin birlikte kullanılarak modeller arası değerlendirilme yapılmadığından çalışmanın diğer çalışmalardan ayrışacağı düşünülmektedir. Uygulama kapsamında endekste yer alan firmaların 2017 – 2022 yılları arasındaki sahip oldukları finansal oranlar ilgili yılların mali tablolarından alınarak gerekli hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmada endekste yer alan 23 firmadan 17 firmanın verisine ulaşılmış olup uygulama ilgili firmalar üzerine gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulamada elde edilen değerler Altman Skor modellerinde yer alan katsayılar ile çarpılarak her bir firmanın yıllara ait Skor değerleri elde edilmiş ve finansal başarısızlıkları tahmin edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, endekste bulunan 17 firmadan Z^'- Score modeline göre 3 firmanın iflas etme riskinin yüksek olduğu, Z^'' modelinde ise 17 firmadan 7 firmanın iflas etme riskinin yüksek olduğu tahmin edilmiştir.
SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNE DAİR BİREYLERİN ALGILARI VE TUTUMLARINDAKİ DEĞİŞİM: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Yıldız Hakan , Ecevit Eyyup , Yıldırım Ertuğrul , Şükrüoğlu Deniz
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyeti, genelde hangi sağlık kuruluşunu tercih ettikleri ve son bir yıl içerisinde en son tercih ettikleri sağlık kuruluşu ile bu tercihin nedenleri 2003-2021 yılları arasında TÜİK Yurtiçi Memnuniyet Anketi (YMA) mikro verileri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada her yıl için ayrı ayrı ANOVA ve Ki-kare testleri uygulanmıştır. Ulaşılan bulgulara göre; sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyette 2013 yılına kadar hızlı bir artış trendi gözlenirken, 2014-2019 yılları arasında memnuniyet oranları dalgalı bir seyir izlediği görülmüştür. Ancak ilginç bir şekilde, 2020 yılında, muhtemelen COVID-19 pandemisinin de etkisiyle, önceki yıllara ve bir sonraki yıla göre bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyetinin tüm gruplarda anlamlı bir şekilde yüksek çıkması dikkat çekicidir. Sağlık kuruluşu türüne göre başvuru oranlarında yıllar itibariyle yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve gelir sevisine göre önemli değişimler meydana gelmiştir. Son bir yıl içinde tercih edilen sağlık kuruluşu tercihinin nedeni incelendiğinde, 2003 yılında zorunluluk nedeniyle tercih oranı %76 seviyesinden 2021 yılında %26 seviyesine kadar düşmüştür. Yakınlık, memnuniyet ve diğer nedenlerle tercih edilme oranı da sırasıyla %13, %6 ve %3,39’dan %38, %27 ve %7,18’ ye yükselmiştir.
KUTUPLAŞMA HİPOTEZİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE NAFTA ENTEGRASYONUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: Şarkgüneşi Aykut , Binici Ertan İrem
Published: October 2024

Kutuplaşma hipotezi, farklı gelişmişlik düzeyindeki ülkelerin oluşturduğu ekonomik entegrasyonların, üye ülkelerdeki gelişmişlik farklarını arttıracağını ileri sürer. Hipotezin temel varsayımı entegrasyondan sonra kümülatif nedensellik mekanizmaları ile faktör hareketliliğinin çevreden merkeze doğru olacağıdır. Diğer yandan faktör hareketliliğinin merkezden çevreye doğru olacağını ileri süren görüşler de bulunmaktadır. Literatürde bu iki hipotezi sınayan çalışmalar çoğunlukla Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeleri konu almaktadır. Bu çalışmada kutuplaşma teorisi, Kuzey Amerika Serbest Ticaret Anlaşması (NAFTA-North American Free Trade Agreement) özelinde incelenmiş, söz konusu entegrasyonun kurulmasıyla üye ülkeler arasındaki gelişmişlik farkı açığının artıp artmadığı istatistiksel yöntemler ile test edilmiştir. Çalışmada, 1991-2019 yıllarını ve 3 ülkeyi kapsayan kutuplaşma düzeyi, dışa açıklık, üyeler arasındaki ticaret hacmi ve yabancı sermaye yatırımları değişkenlerine ait veri seti panel veri analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Kutuplaşma düzeyi, her bir ülke için tüm GSYH’lerin ortalamasından ilgili ülkenin GSYH’sinin farkının karesi alınarak hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda dışa açıklık ve yabancı sermaye yatırımlarının ülkeler arasındaki kutuplaşmayı azalttığı ancak üyelerin kendi aralarında gerçekleştirdikleri ticaretin kutuplaşmayı artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarından yola çıkarak gelişmekte olan ülkelere yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
History of international election observation
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Grishin Nikolai V. , Leenders Anna M.R. ,   MGIMO of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses some of the gaps in the contemporary study of development of institution of international election observation. In most literatures, only modern period of development of international election observation has attracted considerable scholarly attention. Activities of particular international organization also limit the scope of study in this field. To provide an alternative viewpoint, this paper develops a comprehensive study of international election observation history since its origin in the context of historical conditions and evolution of political regimes. The role of objective and subjective factors in the development of this phenomenon has been revealed. The primary sources of the study are documents of international organizations, media materials and memoirs of statesmen. The paper distinguishes the following three historical forms of the international election observation: 1) International observation as a means of making up for the deficit of state sovereignty during elections in dependent, disputed or postconflict territories (emerged in 1857); 2) International observation as a means used by the governments of sovereign states to further legitimize elections and the existing political regime (emerged in 1962); 3) International observation as a mechanism for democratizing the electoral process (emerged in 1990). In accordance with this approach, a periodization of the history of the international observation is proposed. The paper concludes that these historical forms of election observation did not replace each other, but continued to exist in parallel after emergence of new forms. The spread of the third historical form was predetermined by the fall of the communist regime and the shift to the paradigm of democratic transition. Election observation became a tool to ensure the success of the democratic transition. The international intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations became the most significant conductors of election observation. In the 21st century the international election observation gained the universal acceptance and became an international norm. The crisis of this institution in the 2010s is explained by its inability to ensure the transition to the liberal model of democracy. In these conditions, there is a confrontation between two historical forms of international observation: some developing countries revive and try to spread the form of election observation that serves not to democratize the electoral process, but to ensure the legitimacy of the election results and political regime.
The US reaction to the Soviet-West German negotiations of the preparation and signing of the Moscow Treaty of 1970
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Popov Yuriy P.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the reaction of the US government to the negotiations between the USSR and the FRG within the framework of the Moscow Treaty of 1970. The article pays particular attention to the assessments and opinions of the US administration on this issue, as well as analyzes the direct interaction between the two countries in the context of the discussion of the Moscow Treaty and the "new Eastern policy" of the FRG. For several years, the FRG has been able to develop and coordinate a new foreign policy strategy that takes into account the interests and correlates with all the main actors in the system of international relations. To achieve this goal, the author conducted an analysis of various sources, including memoranda, telegrams, correspondence and records of negotiations published in the collection "Foreign Relations of the United States," especially in the volume devoted to policy towards the Federal Republic of Germany. In addition, the author studied the memoirs of Richard Nixon's national security adviser Henry Kissinger and the memoirs of the Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Willy Brandt. In Russian historiography, the negotiations between the FRG and the USSR, as well as the signing of the Moscow Treaty, were studied mainly in the context of the Soviet delegation's strategy and the goals of the FRG. However, the author has approached this topic from the other side, taking into account the American view on these events. Analysis of the documents shows that Bonn demonstrated the ability to make independent decisions in the field of foreign policy, which raised doubts about the extent of the US influence on Western Europe. However, the negotiating process between the Soviet Union and West German diplomats aroused distrust among Washington's representatives, which indicates the difficulty of establishing trusting relations between the countries. The author's conclusion is that the negotiations within the framework of the Moscow Treaty of 1970 between the FRG and the USSR played an important role in the development of international relations during the policy of détente. The signed agreement contributed to the improvement of relations between the two states and the reduction of tension on the European continent. The FRG needed to constantly consult with its main ally, the United States of America. However, such actions aroused distrust among the representatives of the United States, which indicates the complexity that has arisen in American-West German relations. Studying the specifics of the American reaction is important for understanding the strategy and priorities of the US government, as well as the various factors that influenced the decision-making process of the White House administration.
"Slavs should be pressed against the wall"
Authors:   Independent researcher, Voronin Dmitry V.
Published: October 2024

. The relevance of this topic is associated with numerous attempts of Western countries to subjugate Russia, which was traditionally associated with the protection of the Slavic world. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the struggle of the Slavic peoples for the preservation of their identity going on for centuries. In the course of numerous wars, many Southern and the Western Slavs came under the influence of Western states and the Ottoman Empire. The significance of the impact of the religious factor on the historical development of Slavic people is noted. The expansion of the Catholic Church and Islam began to play a significant role in the socio-political life of these peoples. Russia is the only country, which preserved not only state, but also religious sovereignty. It is noted that the struggle of the Slavic people was the subject of not only historical research, but also reflected in the works of Russian writers and poets. Some of the works of foreign authors, who studied the history of the Eastern Slavs, and the works of domestic representatives of Russian literature were analyzed. Views of Russian and Soviet writers and poets F.M. Dostoevsky, F.I. Tyutchev, A.A Blok, A.A. Zinovieva, V. Pikula promote understanding of historical processes related to the Slavic peoples and a special role of Russia in the Slavic World. Their works help to understand the current position of Russia in the world, as well as in Slavic world. Particular attention in their works is paid to the evaluation of the positions of the Russian intelligentsia, which groveled before Europe and took a pro-Western position. In the post-war period, the West concentrated their efforts to destroy the system of education and culture in Russia. At present, the collective West has achieved some success, it managed to make most of the Slavic states dependent and put two closely related peoples – Ukrainians and Russians – against each other and complicate Russia's foreign policy and economic situation. However, the politics that the West pursues towards Russia does not give expected results. Maintaining Russia’s leading role in Western Europe depends to a large extent not only on strengthening the country’s socio-economic situation, but also on the position of the Russian elite, which must understand that the West assigns a secondary role to our country, a place on the outskirts of Western civilization.
Concurrent intra-aortic balloon pump and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute coronary syndrome-related cardiogenic shock: A meta-analysis of multivariate studies
Authors: Huang Xin , Huang Di , Wan Weiye , Zhang Hongling , Liu Zhengdong
Published: October 2024

Concurrent intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use has been suggested to reduce mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-related cardiogenic shock (CS) on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). However, this observation is primarily based on small-scale univariate studies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate whether concurrent IABP and ECMO were independently associated with reduced mortality in patients with ACS-related CS. We searched Medline, Web of Science, and Embase for studies published up to May 28, 2024. The inclusion criteria were longitudinal observational studies comparing concurrent IABP and ECMO to ECMO alone in ACS-related CS patients, reporting all-cause mortality with multivariate adjustments. The primary outcome was the risk ratio (RR) of short-term mortality. A random-effects model incorporating heterogeneity was used to pool the results. Seven cohort studies, involving 5467 patients, were included. Concurrent IABP and ECMO were associated with a significant reduction in short-term mortality (adjusted RR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.48–0.87, P = 0.005; I² = 83%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results. Meta-regression indicated that the proportion of men in each study significantly influenced the outcomes, fully explaining the heterogeneity (I² residual = 0%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent results across various study designs, patient ages, observational durations, and study quality scores. In conclusion, concurrent IABP and ECMO are independently associated with reduced short-term mortality in ACS-related CS patients, particularly in studies with higher proportions of men. These findings support the potential benefits of combined mechanical support in this high-risk population.
El tratamiento de la cultura en las clases de español de enseñanza media en Senegal
Authors: González Cantero Sara
Published: October 2024

Studies on the cultural component in the Spanish as a Foreign Language (ELE) classroom have seen significant growth in recent decades, although they have been limited in the Senegalese context. Therefore, through this article, we aim to contribute to this field of study. Our objective is to explore the balance of different aspects in the treatment of culture in the teaching of Spanish in the first cycle of secondary education in Senegal: the three cultures, the cultures of the Spanish-speaking world, and the culture of the target language in relation to the student's culture. To achieve this, we have reviewed the Senegalese education curriculum and one of the most commonly used textbooks, Horizontes, while also investigating the teaching practices of educators in this stage through a questionnaire. We have observed an imbalance in that "Culture" has a greater presence than "culture", and "culture” is absent from Spanish classes. Additionally, local culture, which is not often approached from an intercultural perspective, is also addressed in the classroom, albeit to a lesser extent than the cultures of the Spanish-speaking world, with Spanish culture predominating among them.
Assessment of mouse motor behaviour via open field test, narrowing beam assay, inverted wire hang, and gait analysis v2
Authors: Michael Coughlin Gerard
Published: October 2024

This protocol describes methods for assessment of mouse motor behaviour with 4 separate behavioural tasks: the open field test, the narrowing beam assay, the inverted wire hang, and gait analysis. The open field test measures an animals total locomotor behaviour, but can be confounded by stress and anxiety. The narrowing beam test provides a measure of skilled motor behaviour. The inverted wire hang measures limb strength and endurance. Gait analysis provides a multidimensional analysis of animal gait. Some or all of these behavioural assays may be used, depending on experimental question.
Sinai SCENT TMC- Methylation Array (EPIC) v2
Authors: Kim Sojin
Published: October 2024

High throughput, proven procedure for bisulfite conversion of DNA 96-well desulphonation and recovery of bisulfite-treated DNA
Optrode Construction v1
Authors: Ridenour Matthew
Published: October 2024

We constructed optrodes for use in optogenetic experiments, including the manipulation of auditory brainstem nuclei expressing excitatory and inhibitory opsins. Here, we provide a step-by-step description of the construction of these optrodes, including the construction of optical cannulas and the process used to join them with tungsten electrodes. This was accomplished by aligning cannulas with electrodes under a microscope and adhering them to each other using UV cure dental cement.