bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Συστηματική εξελικτική μελέτη των σχέσεων δομής-λειτουργίας και εξειδίκευσης στους βακτηριακούς μεταφορείς πουρινών-πυριμιδινών
Authors: Τατσάκη Αικατερίνη
Published: November 2021

Η μελέτη των διαφορών εξειδίκευσης μεταξύ διαμεμβρανικών μεταφορέων πουρινών από διαφορετικούς οργανισμούς είναι ένα πεδίο έρευνας με δυνατότητες εφαρμογών (α) στην κατανόηση της μοριακής βάσης των διαφορών εξειδίκευσης μεταξύ εξελικτικά διαφορετικών ομάδων οργανισμών, (β) στο σχεδιασμό/επιλογή κυτταροτοξικών αναλόγων πουρινών με μεγαλύτερη εξειδίκευση έναντι κυττάρων-στόχων, (γ) στη βελτίωση της δράσης συγκεκριμένων χημειοθεραπευτικών αναλόγων πουρινών βάσει της ανάλυσης των μηχανισμών πρόσληψης των φαρμάκων αυτών από βακτήρια του μικροβιώματος. Οι έως τώρα μελέτες για την κατανόηση των διαφορών εξειδίκευσης των μεταφορέων αυτών έχουν στηριχθεί σε συγκριτική ανάλυση και διεξοδική μεταλλαξιγένεση σημερινών ομολόγων. Στην παρούσα Διδακτορική Διατριβή, εφαρμόστηκε μία διαφορετική προσέγγιση που βασίζεται σε διερεύνηση της εξελικτικής βάσης των διαφορών εξειδίκευσης μετά από φυλογενετική ανάλυση και ανασύσταση προγονικών αλληλουχιών (Αncestral Sequence Reconstruction). Ειδικότερα, η διατριβή αναφέρεται στην εξέλιξη των εξειδικεύσεων της οικογένειας NAT/NCS2 (Nucleobase-Ascorbate Transporter/Nucleobase-Cation Symporter-2), της κυριότερης και εξελικτικά ευρύτερης οικογένειας μεταφορέων πουρινών-πυριμιδινών. Αρχικά, πραγματοποιήθηκε εκτενής φυλογενετική ανάλυση, ανασύσταση και λειτουργική ανάλυση των προγονικών αλληλουχιών που αντιπροσωπεύουν την «κοινή ρίζα» τριών μονοφυλετικών κλάδων βακτηριακών NAT/NCS2 ομολόγων με διακριτά προφίλ εξειδίκευσης. Ακολούθησε ανάλυση μεταλλαξιγένεσης στο υπόβαθρο των προγονικών αλληλουχιών με κριτήριο τις διαφορές στην αλληλουχία των προγονικών αλληλουχιών σε σχέση με τις σημερινές ομόλογες πρωτεΐνες διαφορετικής εξειδίκευσης και αναλύσεις μοριακής δυναμικής των προγονικών αλληλουχιών για την κατανόηση σε δομικό πλαίσιο του ρόλου των μεταλλαγών που βρέθηκε να έχουν σημαντική επίπτωση στην εξειδίκευση. Από τα αποτελέσματα της Διατριβής που βασίστηκε στην εφαρμογή της στρατηγικής της ανασύστασης προγονικών αλληλουχιών, αποκαλύφθηκαν λειτουργικά προφίλ και προφίλ εξειδίκευσης που δεν θα μπορούσαν να προβλεφθούν μόνο από τη σύγκριση των σημερινών ομολόγων. Η εφαρμογή τέτοιων εξελικτικών μεθόδων θα μπορούσε να προσφέρει ένα νέο αποτελεσματικό τρόπο για την ανάλυση των σχέσεων δομής-λειτουργίας και εξειδίκευσης στις πρωτεΐνες διαμεμβρανικής μεταφοράς.
Discourse on war in the information age
Authors: Τσιριγώτης Άνθιμος-Αλέξανδρος
Published: November 2021

Οι μελλοντικοί πόλεμοι μεταξύ κρατών πρόκειται να διεξάγονται στον κυβερνοχώρο χωρίς να χρειάζεται η κινητοποίηση των ενόπλων δυνάμεων; Στη βιβλιογραφία, από τη μία πλευρά, υποστηρίζεται ότι οι κυβερνο-επιθέσεις κατά των κρίσιμων υποδομών των κρατών μοιάζουν με πολεμικές επιχειρήσεις και θεωρείται ότι αυτή είναι η νέα μορφή πολέμου. Από την άλλη πλευρά, τα όπλα που χρησιμοποιούνται στον κυβερνοχώρο δεν θεωρείται ότι αλλάζουν το χαρακτήρα του πολέμου, διότι κυβερνοεπιθέσεις κατά των κρίσιμων υποδομών ενός κράτους ή η προσωρινή παύση λειτουργίας ιστοσελίδων δεν αρκούν για να κάνουν ένα αντίπαλο κράτος να συμμορφωθεί. Υποστηρίζεται, λοιπόν, ότι ο πόλεμος παραμένει πάντα ένα μίγμα τύχης, πάθους και ορθολογισμού. Η παρούσα εργασία αντιλαμβάνεται τον κυβερνοχώρο όχι απλώς ως ένα τεχνολογικό προϊόν το οποίο χρησιμοποιείται στις στρατιωτικές επιχειρήσεις, αλλά ως αφήγημα (discourse) το οποίο δημιουργεί μία νέα αντίληψη για το τί είναι ζωή και πως μπορεί να οργανωθεί η κοινωνική δραστηριότητα ως ένα δίκτυο μονάδων κάθε μία από τις οποίες προσπαθεί να συσχετιστεί με ό,τι απειλεί την ύπαρξή της και όχι να το πολεμήσει. Ο σκοπός της παρούσας δουλειάς είναι να εξετάσει πως η αφήγηση του κυβερνοχώρου έχει επηρεάσει την Βρετανική αφήγηση περί πολέμου την περίοδο 1957-2011. Μία συλλογή κειμένων των πολιτικών εθνικής άμυνας και ασφάλειας επεξεργάστηκαν με τη μεθολογία ‘Corpus Assisted Discourse Studies’ με σκοπό να αναλυθούν οι διαχρονικές αλλαγές στα γλωσσικά και σημειωτικά μέσα που χρησιμοποιούνταν. Η θέση της παρούσας διατρηβής είναι ότι για τη χρήση του κυβερνοχώρου στις στρατιωτικές επιχειρήσεις προαπαιτείται η ολοκλήρωση της διαδικασίας της «κυβερνητικοποίησης» (cybernetisation) του πολέμου δηλαδή της δημιουργίας μίας νέας αντίληψης περί πολέμου και στρατιωτικής ισχύος. Βάσει της αντίληψης αυτής, πόλεμος είναι η διαδικασία προσαρμογής σε ένα πολύπλοκο παγκόσμιο σύστημα που είναι εγγενώς ανασφαλές. ενώ η στρατιωτική ισχύς είναι η «χωρητικότητα» ενός κράτους να ελκύει και να διαμορφώνει αντιλήψεις παγκοσμίως. Η «κυβερνιτικοποίηση» του πολέμου δεν εξαρτάται από την τεχνολογία του κυβερνοχώρου. Είναι ένας νέος τρόπος αντίληψης περί πολέμου και στρατιωτικής ισχύος ενώ ο κυβερνοπόλεμος είναι ο τρόπος που η αντίληψη αυτή τίθεται στην πράξη, ο τρόπος, δηλαδή, που υλοποιείται.
Φυσικοχημικός-τεχνολογικός χαρακτήρας καρπού, ελαιοζύμης και ελαίου κυπριακών ποικιλιών ελιάς σε εξελικτικά στάδια ωρίμανσης
Authors: Εμμανουηλίδου Μαρία
Published: November 2021

Σκοπός της παρούσα διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη του φυσικοχημικού και τεχνολογικού χαρακτήρα του ελαιόκαρπου, της ελαιοζύμης και του ελαιόλαδου των κυπριακών ποικιλιών «Λαδοελιά», «Κάτω Δρυς» και «Κοράκου» σε εξελικτικά στάδια ωρίμασης. Διερευνήθηκε η εξέλιξη των φυσικοχημικών χαρακτηριστικών του καρπού κατά την ωρίμαση, η επίδραση της ποικιλίας και του σταδίου ωρίμασης στη διαμόρφωση των ιδιοτήτων της ελαιοζύμης, την τελική απόδοση ελαιόλαδου και τα φυσικοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά των μονοποικιλιακών παρθένων ελαιόλαδων και η σταθερότητα του προφίλ λιπαρών οξέων και του βαθμού αποκορεσμού κυπριακών μονοποικιλιακών παρθένων ελαιόλαδων σε διαφορετικές καλλιεργητικές περιόδους. Η μελέτη διενεργήθηκε σε ταυτοποιημένο γενετικό υλικό ελιάς της Συλλογής Γενετικού Υλικού Ελιάς της Κύπρου.
Η επίδραση των ορμονών του λιπώδους ιστού σε ασθενείς με κολπική μαρμαρυγή
Authors: Βέλλιου Μαρία
Published: November 2021

Εισαγωγή. Η δυσλειτουργία του λιπώδους ιστού διαταράσσει τη φυσιολογική έκκριση των λιποκινών αυξάνοντας τον καρδιαγγειακό κίνδυνο. Η αυξημένη παραγωγή των μη καρδιοπροστατευτικών ορμονών σε συνδυασμό με τη μειωμένη παραγωγή των καρδιοπροστατευτικών ορμονών φαίνεται ότι συμβάλλει στην αρρυθμιογένεση προκαλώντας δομική και ηλεκτρική αναδιαμόρφωση της καρδιάς. Ωστόσο, η ακριβής επίδραση αυτών των λιποκινών και ειδικότερα της ρεζιστίνης, της βισφατίνης, της χεμερίνης, της απελίνης, της ομεντίνης-1 και της αδιπονεκτίνης, στην ΚΜ δεν έχει επαρκώς μελετηθεί. Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν να διερευνηθεί η ενδεχόμενη συσχέτιση των ορμονών του λιπώδους ιστού με την αρρυθμία προκειμένου να δημιουργηθεί ένα πιο λεπτομερές μεταβολικό προφίλ αυτού του πληθυσμού. Υλικό και Μέθοδοι. Συνολικά συμμετείχαν 100 ασθενείς (50 με ΚΜ και 50 χωρίς ΚΜ) και σε όλους μελετήθηκαν και οι έξι ορμόνες. Σε κάθε ασθενή έγινε καταγραφή των δημογραφικών χαρακτηριστικών του και τυχόν παραγόντων καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου. Ακολούθως, πραγματοποιήθηκε αιμοληψία και υπέρηχος καρδιάς. Τα επίπεδα των λιποκινών στο πλάσμα τους μετρήθηκαν με τη μέθοδο Elisa. Αποτελέσματα. Η αδιπονεκτίνη, η ρεζιστίνη, η βισφατίνη και η χεμερίνη ήταν αυξημένες στους ασθενείς με ΚΜ συγκριτικά με τους ασθενείς χωρίς ΚΜ, ενώ η απελίνη και η ομεντίνη-1 ήταν μειωμένες. Ωστόσο, στατιστικώς σημαντικές διαφορές παρατηρήθηκαν μόνο για την αδιπονεκτίνη, τη βισφατίνη και την απελίνη. Η ROC ανάλυση και η πολυπαραγοντική στατιστική ανάλυση έδειξαν ότι από τις λιποκίνες που μελετήθηκαν μόνο η απελίνη σχετιζόταν πιο ισχυρά με την αρρυθμία. Επίσης, το NT-proBNP, το μέγεθος του αριστερού κόλπου και η διάμετρος της αορτικής ρίζας ήταν εξίσου σημαντικοί προγνωστικοί παράγοντες για την εμφάνιση της ΚΜ. Βρέθηκε η τιμή cut-off 200pg/ml για την απελίνη επισημαίνοντας ότι ασθενείς με τιμές κάτω από αυτό το όριο είχαν μεγαλύτερη πιθανότητα να έχουν ΚΜ. Οι αντίστοιχες τιμές cut-off για το ΝΤ-proBNP ήταν 90pg/ml, το μέγεθος του αριστερού κόλπου 35.5mm και τη διάμετρο της αορτικής ρίζας 35.5mm. Σημειωτέον ότι ο κίνδυνος ΚΜ πολλαπλασιαζόταν όταν τα επίπεδα της απελίνης <200pg/ml συνδυάζονταν με ένα ή περισσότερα από τα ακόλουθα κριτήρια: (1) NT-proBNP >90pg/ml, (2) μέγεθος αριστερού κόλπου >35.5mm και (3) διάμετρος αορτικής ρίζας >35.5mm. Συμπεράσματα. Οι ασθενείς με ΚΜ είχαν υψηλά επίπεδα αδιπονεκτίνης και βισφατίνης και χαμηλά επίπεδα απελίνης καταδεικνύοντας την πιθανή συσχέτιση της δυσλειτουργίας του λιπώδους ιστού με την αρρυθμία. Μεταξύ αυτών η απελίνη συσχετίστηκε πιο ισχυρά με την ΚΜ. Επίσης, βρέθηκε η τιμή cut-off 200pg/ml, η οποία όταν συνδυάζονταν με ένα ή περισσότερα από τα ακόλουθα κριτήρια: (1) NT-proBNP >90pg/ml, (2) μέγεθος αριστερού κόλπου >35.5mm και (3) διάμετρος αορτικής ρίζας >35.5mm, αυξανόταν κατά πολύ η πιθανότητα εμφάνισης της αρρυθμίας. Δυνητικά οι ορμόνες του λιπώδους ιστού θα μπορούσαν να συμβάλλουν στην πρώτη διαλογή ασθενών με μεγαλύτερη πιθανότητα να εμφανίσουν την αρρυθμία.
Human capital, trade flows and technology balance
Authors: Ψαχούλιας Γεώργιος
Published: November 2021

Αυτή η διατριβή στοχεύει στην αξιολόγηση των ακόλουθων θεμάτων και ζητημάτων. ΤοΚεφάλαιο 1 εισάγει το θέμα των διπλωμάτων ευρεσιτεχνίας και των διαχύσεων γνώσεων.Ένα από τα πιο σημαντικά ζητήματα στην πρόσφατη βιβλιογραφία για την καινοτομία έχεισχέση με τη «γεωγραφία της καινοτομίας» ή τη «χωρική ομαδοποίηση καινοτομιών». Ησχέση μεταξύ τεχνολογίας και γεωγραφίας είναι ένα θέμα αυξανόμενου ενδιαφέροντος τόσογια την οικονομία όσο και για την περιφερειακή επιστήμη. Τα κύρια ερωτήματα είναι ηέκταση που οι διαχύσεις γνώσης (εξωτερικές γνώσεις) εντοπίζονται γεωγραφικά και οαντίκτυπός τους στην καινοτόμο απόδοση των πολιτειών. Το κεφάλαιο 2 δείχνει ότι ταδιπλώματα ευρεσιτεχνίας, η βιομηχανική και πανεπιστημιακή έρευνα και το ανθρώπινοκεφάλαιο σε επιχειρήσεις έχουν παρόμοια πρότυπα χωρικής συσχέτισης. Στηνπραγματικότητα, προτείνουν ότι η έρευνα που πραγματοποιείται από εταιρείες καιπανεπιστήμια έχει ισχυρή επίδραση στον αριθμό των διπλωμάτων ευρεσιτεχνίας προϊόντωνπου παρατηρούνται στις ΗΠΑ. Αυτό το εύρημα υποδηλώνει τοπικές μεταφορές γνώσεων.Εκτός από την αναζήτηση αποδεικτικών στοιχείων σχετικά με τις τοπικές επιπτώσεις τηςγνώσης, η χωρική έκταση αυτών των αποτελεσμάτων περιγράφεται σε αυτό το κεφάλαιο. ΤοΚεφάλαιο 3 εξετάζει πώς η χωρική συγκέντρωση της καινοτόμου δραστηριότηταςδιαμορφώνει την παραγωγή καινοτομίας στις πολιτείες των ΗΠΑ. Η διατριβή μελετά όχιμόνο τις διμερείς επιρροές, αλλά και τις επιπτώσεις από τις υπόλοιπες πολιτείες στηνπαραγωγή τεχνολογίας. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, αποφεύγουμε την υπερεκτίμηση της επίδρασηςτων τοπικών και εξωτερικών τεχνολογικών γνώσεων στην παραγωγή τοπικών τεχνολογικώνπροϊόντων. Το Κεφάλαιο 4 συνοψίζει τα αποτελέσματα.
Case Report: A gambling-related suicide in rural Malawi
Authors: Sichali Junious Mabo , Dube Albert , Kachiwanda Lackson , Wardle Heather , Crampin Amelia C , Bunn Christopher
Published: November 2021

Background

As in many other countries across sub-Saharan Africa, Malawi’s commercial gambling sector has grown considerably in recent years. Driven by the widespread availability of internet through mobile devices, the industry has penetrated both urban and rural settings. In Malawi the model commonly implemented by gambling companies is similar to that used by mobile phone operators. Agents equipped with cellular devices connect to providers’ servers to place wagers for customers and print receipts using simple printers attached to their devices. This has produced lucrative returns for providers. While increasing attention is being paid to this trend, most research focusses on sports betting and there is a deficit of papers that document gambling-related harms.

Methods

Here we present a narrative case report of a 16-year-old boy, ‘Wati’ (pseudonym), who lived in rural Malawi and took his own life after gambling and losing money that did not belong to him. As his community is part of a demographic surveillance site, a verbal autopsy was conducted, later supplemented with interviews with Wati’s close friend and uncle, to whom his mother referred us. We triangulated data from these three sources to create a narrative case report of Wati’s suicide and its relationship to his gambling practices.

Results

We found that the gambling harms leading up to Wati’s suicide were recurrent, that his gambling practices were diverse (lottery, football betting, digital games and cards) and that signs of distress were apparent before his suicide.

Conclusions

From this case report, we learn that underage individuals participate in gambling in Malawi, can develop harmful habits and that their gambling is not confined to sports betting. We also learn that there is a lack of accessible services for people who develop harmful gambling practices. Wati could have benefited from such services and they may have saved his life.
THEORETICAL STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE AIR FLOW RATE IN FRONT OF THE RADIATOR FRONT ON THE FUEL CONSUMPTION OF THE CAR ENGINE
Authors: Kholshev Nikolai V. , Konovalov Dmitry N. , Lavrenchenko Anatoly A.
Published: November 2021

The increase in the cost of fuel for motor vehicles causes not only the search for alternative energy sources and the use of new engine designs for cars, but also the search for ways to reduce fuel consumption in existing cars with an internal combustion engine by improving their design. The power generated by the internal combustion engine is spent not only on the drive of the driving wheels, but also on the drive of auxiliary equipment that provides the ability to operate the engine and its systems, as well as increasing the safety and comfort of movement. By reducing the power to drive the auxiliary equipment or its operating time, it is possible to reduce the fuel consumption of the engine. A mandatory element of any car equipped with an internal combustion engine is the cooling system, which in its composition contains a radiator that provides heat transfer of excess heat to the atmosphere and a fan that intensifies this process if necessary. The operating time of the fan directly affects the fuel consumption of the car engine, therefore, by reducing the operating time of the fan, you can reduce fuel consumption. This can be achieved by increasing the value of the total heat transfer coefficient through the radiator walls, which depends on the speed of air flowing through the radiator. The speed of the air flow, without increasing the power consumed by the fan, can be increased by reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the air path of the car. The theoretical assumptions supported by the analysis of previous studies need experimental confirmation and practical assessment of the amount of fuel economy when improving the air path of the car, which reduces the fan operating time.

Purpose – theoretical justification of the influence of the air flow velocity in front of the radiator front on the fuel consumption of the car engine.

Methodology the article uses a systematic approach, as well as methods of mathematical modeling.

Results: on the example of a particular car, the effect of increasing the air flow velocity in front of the radiator front on the fuel consumption of the car engine is determined.

Practical implications the results obtained can be used by organizations engaged in the development, repair and tuning of motor vehicles and their systems.
THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE: A SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION ARRAYS IN WEB OF SCIENCE AND SCOPUS DATABASES
Authors: Rykova Valentina V.
Published: November 2021

The article traces main trends of the scientific research development on the Northern Sea Route using the international database Web of Science by Clarivate Analytics and Scopus by Elsevier. Using a scientometric analysis and analytical tools of DBs, the author shows countries, institutions and organizations that study this problem, as well as funds financing them; names productive periodicals and authors with high publication activity. In conclusion, the author notes that the study of the Northern sea Route development is an urgent problem for the entire world society, not only for the northern countries.

Objective – to carry on a scientometric analysis of information arrays (IA) in the international scientific citation indices devoted to studying the Northern Sea Route development.

Methods: scientometric analysis.

Results: countries, institutions and organizations that study this problem are represented, as well as funds financing them; productive periodicals and authors with high publication activity are designated; the main research fields are revealed.

Practical implications: the study should be used as an information base for further research of scientists and specialists on various aspects of the Northern Sea Route development.
Disclosure Sentiment: Machine Learning vs. Dictionary Methods
Authors: Frankel Richard , Jennings Jared , Lee Joshua
Published: November 2021

We compare the ability of dictionary-based and machine-learning methods to capture disclosure sentiment at 10-K filing and conference-call dates. Like Loughran and McDonald [Loughran T, McDonald B (2011) When is a liability not a liability? Textual analysis, dictionaries, and 10-Ks. J. Finance 66(1):35–65.], we use returns to assess sentiment. We find that measures based on machine learning offer a significant improvement in explanatory power over dictionary-based measures. Specifically, machine-learning measures explain returns at 10-K filing dates, whereas measures based on the Loughran and McDonald dictionary only explain returns at 10-K filing dates during the time period of their study. Moreover, at conference-call dates, machine-learning methods offer an improvement over the Loughran and McDonald dictionary method of a greater magnitude than the improvement of the Loughran and McDonald dictionary over the Harvard Psychosociological Dictionary. We further find that the random-forest-regression-tree method better captures disclosure sentiment than alternative algorithms, simplifying the application of the machine-learning approach. Overall, our results suggest that machine-learning methods offer an easily implementable, more powerful, and reliable measure of disclosure sentiment than dictionary-based methods.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Strong Embeddings for Transitory Queueing Models
Authors: Chakraborty Prakash , Honnappa Harsha
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we establish strong embedding theorems, in the sense of the Komlós-Major-Tusnády framework, for the performance metrics of a general class of transitory queueing models of nonstationary queueing systems. The nonstationary and non-Markovian nature of these models makes the computation of performance metrics hard. The strong embeddings yield error bounds on sample path approximations by diffusion processes in the form of functional strong approximation theorems.
My Manager Moved! Manager Mobility and Subordinates’ Career Outcomes
Authors: Baek Minseo , Bidwell Matthew , Keller JR
Published: November 2021

How do managers’ moves across jobs affect the subordinates they leave behind? Manager mobility disrupts established manager-subordinate relationships, as subordinates must now learn to work with a replacement. We explore how this relational disruption affects subordinates’ objective career success—specifically, their financial rewards and subsequent promotion chances. We argue that manager mobility may have both positive and negative implications for subordinate outcomes. The loss of an established relationship may reduce subordinates’ performance and managers’ propensity to reward them; on the other hand, relational disruption may make subordinates more willing and able to seek out valuable opportunities elsewhere in the organization. We also argue that these effects are likely to be greatest for those subordinates who had worked with the previous manager for longer. Using eight years of personnel data from the U.S. offices of a Fortune 500 healthcare company, we show how managers’ mobility is associated with a decrease in subordinates’ financial rewards but an increase in their promotion prospects.
Peculiarities of Application of Cognitive Operations in the Process of Museum Pedagogical Activity
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Karamanov Oleksii , Kyrychuk Lidia ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: November 2021

The authors of the article reveal various aspects of cognitive activity in the museum space. They focus on the peculiarities of the formation of cognitive operations in the process of museum-pedagogical activities and proceed from the fact that the museum space is the optimal place, where you can design, identify and formulate various problem tasks for students. The article emphasizes that the initial stage of thinking is the emergence of a problematic situation that can reveal the intellectual capabilities of the child. The article analyzes the levels of thinking and various cognitive operations of thinking, which the authors adapt to the museum space and extracurricular educational institution, it is emphasized that cognitive activity is directly related with creative activity; examples of application of thinking strategies in the museum space are given.
Organization of the Sensory Environment in Work with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Mukhina Anastasiia
Published: November 2021

The article is dedicated to the peculiarities of application of the method of sensory integration in working with children with autism spectrum disorder. The authors present historical data on the research of the problem of sensory integration, the main psychological characteristics of children with autistic spectrum disorders. It is specified the definition of «sensory integration», criteria of adequate sensory integration in neurotypical people, the fundamental value for the development of which has the operation of four systems that select and analyze information related to the body. The authors of the article outline the peculiarities of the sensory sphere of children with autistic spectrum disorders, the peculiarities of visual, auditory and tactile perception of such children. It is noted that the peculiarities of the sensory sphere of children with autistic spectrum disorders cause learning problems and lead to various types of disadapted behavior. The essence of the method of sensory integration, its contents and tasks are specified. It is determined the basic rules of organization of training sessions applying the method of «sensory integration» and the categories of children with autism spectrum disorders to whom this method should be used first. Moreover, the authors present the main exercises for stimulation of sensory integration. Sensory integration helps develop such skills and psychological entities as concentration ability, emotional organization, abstract thinking, self-acceptance and self-control.
Technologies of Aesthetic Education of Personality by Means of Theatrical Art
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Krasnovа Nataliia
Published: November 2021

The article characterizes theatrical art as a combination of pictorial possibilities of different arts: literature, stage, painting, architecture, dance, etc. Characteristics, differences of types of theater are given: dramatic, musical (opera, operetta, ballet), pantomime, puppet theater, theater of small forms, which in a way influence the formation of the personality of the younger generation. It is shown that aesthetic education can be considered as a universal means of personal development based on the identification of individual abilities, diverse aesthetic needs and interests. The purpose of aesthetic education is determined, namely, on the basis of perception, interpretation of works of art and practical artistic and creative activity to form in a person a personal and valuable attitude to reality and art, to develop aesthetic consciousness, cultural and artistic competence, ability to self-realization, need for spiritual self-improvement. It is proved that artistic and pedagogical technologies are the most effective in the process of aesthetic education of personality; their structure contains: human resources (emotionally colored subject-subject interaction, a palette of forms and methods of organizing various types of artistic and creative activities), artistic and intellectual resources (works of art, artistic knowledge, ideas, meanings, values), technical resources (audiovisual, computer); types: local (specific methods for the development of certain skills and abilities), systemic (covering the holistic educational process, various arts). Forms and methods of art and game technologies (dramatization, pantomime, staging, dramatization) that contribute to the aesthetic education of the individual are presented.
Rare health conditions 52: sick sinus syndrome, Saturday Night Fever, empowerment and engaging with local communities
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this series is to briefly highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than 1 person in every 2000. Many healthcare assistants and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 52nd article will explore two of these conditions, sick sinus syndrome and Saturday Night Fever, with a short discussion on empowering people.
Healthwise, Part 4. Hypertension: how to treat it and how to reduce its risks
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: November 2021

The number of adults with high blood pressure, hypertension, is increasing globally and nationally. Hypertension increases the risk of an individual developing life-changing, long-term conditions. This article, the fourth in a series, explores the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the consequences of unmanaged hypertension. It explains how readers can remain healthy and well by reducing the risks of hypertension and managing it well.
Taking advanced clinical practice to the streets: an evaluation of the benefits and challenges in homeless health care
Authors: Ungpakorn Rosa , Sehmbi Kirit , MacLaine Katrina
Published: November 2021

Homelessness in the UK continues to rise. People who are homeless are more likely to have poor health and die early, and face multiple barriers to accessing health care. Ten years have passed since the Marmot review recommended action on these disparities. In the context of significant health inequalities, advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) offer a different approach to homeless health care, providing complete episodes of care in complex situations and leading in integrating multiple agencies, service development and strategic advocacy. ACPs can use their expertise in this specialty to deliver education that raises awareness and reduces prejudice. Their research skills can identify gaps and expand the evidence base to improve practice at local and national levels. However, ACPs must promote their own roles, work closely with people with lived experience and be supported by their employers to embrace all four pillars of advanced clinical practice for the full benefits to be realised.
Promoting community engagement in a pre-registration nursing programme: a qualitative study of student experiences
Authors: Hodge Pam , Cooper Nora , Richardson Brian P
Published: November 2021

Aims:

To offer child health student nurses a broader learning experience in practice with an autonomous choice of a volunteer placement area. To reflect the changing nature of health care and the move of care closer to home in the placement experience. To evaluate participants' experiences.

Design:

This study used descriptive and interpretative methods of qualitative data collection. This successive cross-sectional data collection ran from 2017 to 2020. All data were thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke's model.

Methods:

Data collection strategies included two focus groups (n=14) and written reflections (n=19).

Results:

Students identified their increased confidence, development as a professional, wider learning and community engagement. They also appreciated the relief from formal assessment of practice and the chance to focus on the experience.

Conclusion:

Students positively evaluated this experience, reporting a wider understanding of health and wellbeing in the community. Consideration needs to be given to risk assessments in the areas students undertake the placements and the embedding of the experience into the overall curriculum.
From staff nurse to nurse consultant
Authors: Fowler John
Published: November 2021

John Fowler, Educational Consultant, explores ways to enhance teamwork
Helmholtz Hamiltonian Mechanics Electromagnetic Physics Gaging Charge Fields Having Novel Quantum Circuitry Model
Authors: Iyer Rajan , O’Neill Christopher , Malaver Manuel
Published: November 2021

This article shows novel model Pauli-Dirac-Planck-quantum-circuit-assembly-gage, consisting of the monopole quasiparticles and electron-positron particle fields, demonstrating power of Iyer Markoulakis Helmholtz Hamiltonian mechanics of point vortex and gradient fields general formalism. Transforming this general metrics to Coulombic gaging metrics and performing gage charge fields calculations, derivation of assembly eigenvector matrix bundle constructs of magnetic monopoles, and electron positron particle gage metrics were successfully compiled, like SUSY (?( 1 &?@?*&1 )) Hermitian quantum matrix., modified to asymmetric strings gage metrics to account for asymmetrical magnetic pole forces measurements recently in physics. Physical analysis with graphics discussing scenarios of electric tensor particles and magnetic tensor monopoles permutationally interacting, figures showing simulations of fermions’ spins with Clifford algebraic geometry, and the graphs explaining vortex sinusoidal pulsed signal output distribution profile of typical equivalent wave velocity of the related point fields partially verify this quantum circuity assembly model. Table shows estimated size of this assembly greater than 10-34 Planck unit and less than quasi-particle size of 10-26 metrics unit. Wide-ranging applications of this quantum circuitry assembly model exist for quantum supercomputing expertise antenna networks, alongside quantum astrophysical grand unifying genesis of electromagnetic gravitational matter antimatter systems. This quantum model can be verified by experimental techniques, such as spin-ice and Bose-Einstein condensate spinors.
In memoriam fundraising: An empirical exploration of donor motivations
Authors: Penner Sara , Main Kelley
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This research explores in memoriam fundraising from the perspective of the donor, providing empirical support for what motivates people to make permanent in memoriam donations and how making such donations assists them in the grieving process. These insights then provide
guidance to aid nonpro t organisations (herein referred to as nonpro ts) in building relationships with bereaved donors.
 Methodology: Study one collected data using a purposive criterion sampling, with 10 in-depth interviews that were analysed using thematic analysis. Study
two used an experimental design that collected data using a convenience-based sampling, with 184 participants (53.6% male, mean age 38 years). T-tests and Process models were utilised for analysis.
 Findings: This research demonstrates that charitable donations can play a
role in bereavement and that the value they provide is to both the nonpro t, with monetary outcomes and increased donor loyalty, and to the donor, with the creation of a continued bond with the deceased. This research provides the rst empirical evidence that people use in memoriam donations,
which include a permanent memorial, to create a symbolic continuing bond with the deceased and that such symbolic donations increase the giver's desire to visit the memorial. Using the ndings of this research, we provide a set of recommendations that fundraisers can follow in order to best
meet the needs of both their donors and their organisation. Recommendations include ways to provide the value that donors are looking for which will aid them in their bereavement along with best practices for the organisation to allow for the most e ective in memoriam fundraising program.

Implications: Providing evidence that the creation of a continued bond is a motivator for charitable giving connects the literature on charitable giving, bereavement and consumer behaviour. This research deepens our understanding of consumer behaviour by examining why people spend
money to help themselves through the grieving process, thus building on the mood, decision making, and consumer-choice literatures that can be used in both for pro t and nonpro t marketing domains. Providing empirical support for the industry best practice of providing permanent memorial opportunities
is of signi cant importance, as doing so can provide relationship building opportunities. This research shows that there are societal bene ts to in memoriam giving, demonstrating that it can provide value to people in their grieving process.
 Contribution: This is the rst
empirical study that looks at motivations for in memoriam fundraising, providing evidence of continued bonds as a motivator for in memoriam donations, and the role that charitable giving can play in bereavement.
Grid-based femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging for single-ended 2D velocimetry at kilohertz rates
Authors: Fisher Jordan M. , Meyer Terrence R. , Slipchenko Mikhail N.
Published: November 2021

A novel, to the best of our
knowledge, optical
arrangement is evaluated for
performing single-shot femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging
in a 16-point grid (Grid-FLEET) with single-ended optical access. The
optical arrangement includes a diffractive optical element beam
splitter to produce a grid of laser beams in a simplified, flexible,
and efficient manner for tracer-free multi-component molecular tagging
velocimetry in a two-dimensional field. Analysis of the optical
element with respect to beam forming is described, and Grid-FLEET
measurements are evaluated relative to the precision of previously
described single-point FLEET measurements using Lagrangian tracking
for flow in a laminar jet and around a sharp corner. Utilizing a
conventional 1-kHz laser source coupled to a high-speed intensified
camera, it is also feasible to achieve measurement rates of 100 kHz or
higher by mapping the Lagrangian grid to one or more Eulerian
measurement points. The data further indicate that enhancement of the
instantaneous vector fields and spatial velocity gradients can be
analyzed to enhance the understanding of multi-dimensional flow
physics in applications in which the use of tracers may be difficult
and where multi-directional optical access may be limited.
Numerical investigation of a light delivery device using metal/insulator/metal with a 3D linear taper waveguide and an input grating for heat-assisted magnetic recording
Authors: Wongpanya Kruawan , Pijitrojana Wanchai
Published: November 2021

Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), a new technique, we believe, to overcome the
data-density limitation, uses a laser to temporarily heat a nanovolume
of a recording medium. Thus, this paper proposes a light delivery
device that uses the metal/insulator/metal waveguide with a
three-dimensional linear taper, and a grating added for an input, for
HAMR. Our structure was calculated by finite-element method
simulation. By design, 830 nm of light was delivered into a

50

n

m

2

spot area with 63% coupling
efficiency, and power intensity was enhanced 930 times. This
achievement potential could be applied to the HAMR system in the
future.
Quantification of cytochrome c oxidase and tissue oxygenation using CW-NIRS in a mouse cerebral cortex
Authors: Hashem Mada , Wu Ying , Dunn Jeff F.
Published: November 2021

We provide a protocol for measuring the absolute concentration of the oxidized and reduced state of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) in the cerebral cortex of mice, using broadband continuous-wave NIRS. The algorithm (NIR-AQUA) allows for absolute quantification of CCO and deoxyhemoglobin. Combined with an anoxia pulse, this also allows for quantification of total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation. CCO in the cortex was 4.9 ± 0.1 μM (mean ± SD, n=6). In normoxia, 84% of CCO was oxidized. We include hypoxia and cyanide validation studies to show CCO can be quantified independently to hemoglobin. This can be applied to study oxidative metabolism in the many rodent models of neurological disease.
L1-L2 norm regularization via forward-backward splitting for fluorescence molecular tomography
Authors: Zhang Heng , He Xiaowei , Yu Jingjing , He Xuelei , Guo Hongbo , Hou Yuqing
Published: November 2021

Fluorescent molecular tomography (FMT) is a highly sensitive and noninvasive imaging approach for providing three-dimensional distribution of fluorescent marker probes. However, owing to its light scattering effect and the ill-posedness of inverse problems, it is challenging to develop an efficient reconstruction algorithm that can achieve the exact location and morphology of the fluorescence source. In this study, therefore, in order to satisfy the need for early tumor detection and improve the sparsity of solution, we proposed a novel L1-L2 norm regularization via the forward-backward splitting method for enhancing the FMT reconstruction accuracy and the robustness. By fully considering the highly coherent nature of the system matrix of FMT, it operates by splitting the objective to be minimized into simpler functions, which are dealt with individually to obtain a sparser solution. An analytic solution of L1-L2 norm proximal operators and a forward-backward splitting algorithm were employed to efficiently solve the nonconvex L1-L2 norm minimization problem. Numerical simulations and an in-vivo glioma mouse model experiment were conducted to evaluate the performance of our algorithm. The comparative results of these experiments demonstrated that the proposed algorithm obtained superior reconstruction performance in terms of spatial location, dual-source resolution, and in-vivo practicability. It was believed that this study would promote the preclinical and clinical applications of FMT in early tumor detection.
Improved resolution in 3D structured illumination microscopy using 3D model-based restoration with positivity-constraint
Authors: Van Cong T. S. , Preza Chrysanthe
Published: November 2021

The performance of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) systems
depends on the computational method used to process the raw data. In
this paper, we present a regularized three-dimensional (3D)
model-based (MB) restoration method with positivity constraint (PC)
for 3D processing of data from 3D-SIM (or 3-beam interference SIM), in
which the structured illumination pattern varies laterally and
axially. The proposed 3D-MBPC method introduces positivity in the
solution through the reconstruction of an auxiliary function using a
conjugate-gradient method that minimizes the mean squared error
between the data and the 3D imaging model. The 3D-MBPC method provides
axial super resolution, which is not the same as
improved optical sectioning demonstrated with model-based approaches
based on the 2D-SIM (or 2-beam interference SIM) imaging model, for
either 2D or 3D processing of a single plane from a 3D-SIM dataset.
Results obtained with our 3D-MBPC method show improved 3D resolution
over what is achieved by the standard generalized Wiener filter
method, the first known method that performs 3D processing of 3D-SIM
data. Noisy simulation results quantify the achieved 3D resolution,
which is shown to match theoretical predictions. Experimental
verification of the 3D-MBPC method with biological data demonstrates
successful application to data volumes of different sizes.
Quantum steering enhancement using correlation injection structure based on a cascaded four-wave-mixing processes
Authors: Zhai Shuqin , Kang Xiaolan , Liu Kui
Published: November 2021

Multipartite quantum steering is an essential quantum resource in the process of secure quantum communication. The enhancement of quantum steering is important for specific quantum communication tasks. In this work, we present a quadripartite quantum steering scheme based on correlation injection structure by symmetrical cascaded four-wave-mixing processes and analyze steering properties of different mode combinations. We theoretically prove that for some mode combinations, a correlation injection scheme can enhance the quantum steering under certain conditions, while for other combinations, a correlation injection scheme can decrease the quantum steering under certain conditions. The method offers a reference for the secure quantum information network.
Impact of silver nanoparticle two-photon resonance on Kerr effect of organic dye solutions
Authors: Bundulis Arturs , Mikelsone Jelena , Rutkis Martins
Published: November 2021

In this work, we studied the spectral dispersion of two-photon absorption (2PA) and the Kerr effect of core-shell silver nanoparticles (NPs) with thiol-termination ligand cladding in a dichloromethane (DCM) solution and their influence on the nonlinear optical response of 2-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-benzylidene]-indane-1,3-dione (DMABI) molecules. To study the spectral dispersion of nonlinear optical properties, we used the Z-scan method with a tunable picosecond (ps) laser with a 27.5 ps pulse duration and 1000 Hz pulse repetition rate. Measurements were carried out in a spectral range between 600 nm and 1100 nm. Four types of samples were studied: pure DCM solvent, NPs dispersed in DCM, a DMABI solution in DCM, and a DMABI/NP mixture in DCM. NP size distribution measurements showed two NP groups with average sizes of 4 and 40 nm. NPs exhibited a strong 2PA in a range of 710–900 nm. Nonlinear optical measurements of DMABI showed that the presence of NPs did not influence the 2PA of DMABI. When comparing the nonlinear refractive index values of DMABI in cases with and without NPs, a difference in signals was observed that correlated with the 2PA of NPs. Polarization-resolved Z-scan measurements showed that the reorientation contribution of the Kerr effect changed due to the presence of NPs.
Close packed random rectangular microlens array used for laser beam homogenization
Authors: Yuan Wei , Xue Li , Cao Axiu , Pang Hui , Deng Qiling
Published: November 2021

When the high coherence laser beam is homogenized by microlens array (MLA), interference fringes will be generated reducing the uniformity of homogenized spot. A novel close packed random rectangular microlens array (rRMLA) is proposed to solve this problem. By designing the MLA with random apertures and random focal lengths of sub-lenses, the phase regulation can be realized, so as to disturb the coherent superposition fringes for improving the uniformity. To realize the dense arrangement of a MLA with random rectangular aperture, an iterative segmentation method is proposed to design the structure of rRMLA with controllable divergence angle and high filling factor. Theoretical simulations and experimental results both demonstrate the improvement of uniformity of the homogenized spot based on the proposed rRMLA.
Numerical and experimental study of partial coherence for near-field and far-field ptychography
Authors: Xu Wenhui , Ning Shoucong , Zhang Fucai
Published: November 2021

High degree of coherence is essential in coherent diffraction imaging (CDI). The coherence requirement on the light source varies with the experimental configuration. As a scanning variant of CDI, ptychography has shown great potential for extensive applications. To determine the influence of partially temporal and spatial coherence on near- and far-field ptychography, we have performed a series of numerical simulations and visible light optical experiments. We demonstrated that the near-field is more robust to spatial and temporal decoherence than the far-field. In addition, the far-field is found to be more sensitive to spatial decoherence than to temporal decoherence. Our experiments also show that a known probe estimate with good spatial coherence enables the retrieval qualities to be enhanced dramatically and helps prevent falling into the local minimums in the reconstruction process. Our work would provide a valuable reference for implementing ptychography with sources of limited coherence.
Light-matter interactions enhanced by quasi-bound states in the continuum in a graphene-dielectric metasurface
Authors: Zeng Tian-Yi , Liu Gui-Dong , Wang Ling-Ling , Lin Qi
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we propose a graphene-dielectric metasurface to enhance the light-matter interactions in graphene. The dielectric metasurface consists of periodically arranged silicon split rings placed on the silica substrate, which supports a symmetry-protected bound state in the continuum (BIC). When perturbation is introduced into the system to break symmetry, the BIC will transform into the quasi-BIC with high quality (Q)-factor. As the graphene layer is integrated with the dielectric metasurface, the absorption of graphene can be enhanced by the quasi-BIC resonance and a bandwidth-tunable absorber can be achieved by optimizing the Fermi energy of graphene and the asymmetry parameter of the metasurface to satisfy the critical coupling condition. By varying the Fermi energy of graphene, the quasi-BIC resonances can be effectively modulated and the max transmission intensity difference is up to 81% and a smaller asymmetry parameter will lead to better modulation performance. Our results may provide theoretical support for the design of absorber and modulator based on the quasi-BIC.
Statistical optics modeling of dark-field scattering in X-ray grating interferometers: Part 1. Theory
Authors: Wilde Jeffrey P. , Hesselink Lambertus
Published: November 2021

A grating-based Talbot-Lau X-ray interferometer provides three imaging modalities, namely attenuation, differential phase contrast, and dark field. Of these, dark-field imaging is uniquely capable of detecting and characterizing micron-scale fine structure in an object via small-angle scattering that reduces fringe visibility. Several empirical studies have been published showing the utility of this imaging modality for a wide range of applications. There also exists a more limited set of theoretical papers, based primarily on wave-optics formulations. In this two-part paper we present a comprehensive statistical optics model of the dark-field effect. In Part 1, we develop the theoretical underpinnings of the model with an emphasis on a scattering object comprising a random collection of microspheres, and in Part 2 [Opt. Express 29, 40917 (2021)10.1364/OE.447798], we provide a variety of example simulation results.
Silicon substrate-integrated hollow waveguide for miniaturized optical gas sensing
Authors: Zheng Shaonan , Cai Hong , Xu Linfang , Li Nanxi , Gu Zhonghua , Zhang Yao , Chen Weiguo , Zhou Yanyan , Zhang Qingxin , Lee Lennon Yao Ting
Published: November 2021

Gas sensors have a wide variety of applications. Among various existing gas sensing
technologies, optical gas sensors have outstanding advantages. The
development of the Internet of Things and consumer electronics has put
stringent requirements on miniaturized gas sensing technology. Here,
we demonstrate a chip-scale silicon substrate-integrated hollow
waveguide (Si-iHWG) to serve as an optical channel and gas cell in an
optical gas sensor. It is fabricated through silicon wafer etching and
wafer bonding. The Si-iHWG chip is further assembled with an off-chip
light source and detector to build a fully functional compact
nondispersive infrared (NDIR)

CO

2

sensor. The chip size is

10
 
mm
×
9
  
mm

, and the dimension of the sensor
excluding the microcontroller board is

50
 
mm
×
25
 
mm
×
16
 
mm

. This chip solution with compactness,
versatility, robustness, and low cost provides a cost-effective
platform for miniaturized optical sensing applications ranging from
air quality monitoring to consumer electronics.