bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanocomposite Coatings in Corrosion Protection Applications: An Overview
Authors: T Brindha , R Rathinam , S Dheenadhayalan , R Sivakumar
Published: November 2021

Corrosion is one of the biggest problems which affects the economy of the country, which occurs as a result of the interaction of the metal with its surroundings. One of the easiest ways to prevent corrosion is coatings of the metals with paint, plastic or wood. Several types of coatings have been adopted by corrosion scientists in the prevention of corrosion that are mainly based on electrochemical principles. Fortunately, based on cost and effectiveness, four types of coatings are variably employed by the metal and metallurgy industries. One among the cheapest and effective way to prevent corrosion is to use barrier coatings like plastic, powder and paint. Hence, nanocomposite coatings by electrochemical deposition offers an excellent, scratch and corrosion resistance on the metal surface. These coatings may be used to restoration of the components instead of interchanging them, resulting in reduced maintenance costs and disturbance. Significant improvements in the corrosion protection of steel have been reported by using metal-metal matrix, metal-metal oxide matrix, metal-polymer matrix, and ceramic-metal matrix nanocomposite. This review presents an overview of works related to nanocomposite coatings and to re-evaluate the literature for the future research in the field that still lacks validation.
The variation in hip stability measurements between supine and standing radiographs of dysplastic hips
Authors: Bhanushali Ameya , Chimutengwende-Gordon Mukai , Beck Martin , Callary Stuart Adam , Costi Kerry , Howie Donald W. , Solomon Lucian Bogdan
Published: November 2021

Aims

The aims of this study were to compare clinically relevant measurements of hip dysplasia on radiographs taken in the supine and standing position, and to compare Hip2Norm software and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)-derived digital radiological measurements.

Methods

Preoperative supine and standing radiographs of 36 consecutive patients (43 hips) who underwent periacetabular osteotomy surgery were retrospectively analyzed from a single-centre, two-surgeon cohort. Anterior coverage (AC), posterior coverage (PC), lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA), acetabular inclination (AI), sharp angle (SA), pelvic tilt (PT), retroversion index (RI), femoroepiphyseal acetabular roof (FEAR) index, femoroepiphyseal horizontal angle (FEHA), leg length discrepancy (LLD), and pelvic obliquity (PO) were analyzed using both Hip2Norm software and PACS-derived measurements where applicable.

Results

Analysis of supine and standing radiographs resulted in significant variation for measurements of PT (p < 0.001) and AC (p = 0.005). The variation in PT correlated with the variation in AC in a limited number of patients (R2 = 0.378; p = 0.012).

Conclusion

The significant variation in PT and AC between supine and standing radiographs suggests that it may benefit surgeons to have both radiographs when planning surgical correction of hip dysplasia. We also recommend using PACS-derived measurements of AI and SA due to the poor interobserver error on Hip2Norm. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1662–1668.
Floor and ceiling effects in the Oxford Shoulder Score
Authors: Singh Harvinder P. , Haque Aziz , Taub Nick , Modi Amit , Armstrong Alison , Rangan Amar , Pandey Radhakant
Published: November 2021

Aims

The main objective of this study was to examine whether the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) demonstrated floor or ceiling effects when used to measure outcomes following shoulder arthroplasty in a large national cohort. Secondary objectives were to assess its pain and function subscales, and to identify independent predictors for patients achieving a postoperative ceiling score following shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods

Secondary database analysis of the National Joint Registry (NJR), which included 48,270 patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty, was conducted. The primary outcome measure was the OSS. Secondary outcome measures were the OSS-Function Component Subscale and OSS-Pain Component Subscale. Floor and ceiling effects were considered to be present if > 15% of patients scored either the lowest or highest possible score. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors for scoring the highest possible OSS score postoperatively.

Results

Preoperatively, 1% of patients achieved the lowest possible OSS score (0) and 0.4% of patients achieved the highest possible score (48). Postoperatively, < 1% of patients achieved the lowest score at all timepoints, but the percentage achieving the highest score at six months was 8.3%, at three years 16.9%, and at five years 17%. Male patients, those aged between 60 and 89 years, and those undergoing an anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA) were more likely to contribute to the ceiling effect seen in the OSS questionnaire. Pain and function subscales exhibited greater ceiling effects at three years and five years when compared with the overall OSS questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, procedure type, and preoperative OSS score were independent predictors for scoring the highest possible OSS at years.

Conclusion

Based on NJR patient-reported outcome measures data, the OSS does not exhibit a ceiling effect at six months, but does at three years and five years, in part due to outcome scores of ATSA. Preoperative OSS, age, male sex, and ATSA are independent predictors of achieving a ceiling score. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1717–1724.
Identifikasi Batuan Pondasi Candi (Andesit) di Bawah Permukaan Sekitar Candi Badut dengan Metode Geolistrik Resistivitas
Authors: Luthfin Ahmad , K Husni Cahyadi , Jufri Jufri
Published: November 2021

Situs Candi Badut diprediksi memiliki pondasi yang melebar persegi empat untuk menopang bangunan inti candi agar tidak ambles. Situs Candi Badut berdasarkan bentuk fisik bagian atas, susunannya kurang lengkap, sehingga dimungkinkan masih terdapat sisa–sisa batuan yang memenuhi fungsi utuh dari candi tersebut masih terkubur. Berdasarkan asumsi tersebut maka kegiatan penelitian kali bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi batuan pondasi Candi Badut dan batuan andesit yang terkubur disekitar bangunan candi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode geolistrik resistivitas, metode ini sering digunakan untuk melakukan investigasi bawah permukaan bumi, karena metode geolistrik resistivitas dapat menentukan jenis dan struktur batuan tanpa harus menggali, hanya berdasarkan sebaran resisitivitas dibawah permukaan. Alat yang digunakan adalah Resisvitimeter OYYO MC OHM lengkap beserta elektrodanya. Konfigurasi untuk susunan elektrodanya menggunakan konfigurasi wenner karena konfigurasi tersebut dianggap mampu memperoleh data yang lebih teliti dibandingkan dengan konfigurasi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada keseluruhan interpolasi lintasan 1,2,3 dan 4 dengan metode geolistrik resistivitas menggunakan konfigurasi wenner dapat diketahui bahwa batuan pondasi candi (andesit) berada pada kedalaman 0,5-1,5 m,yang merupakan batuan dengan nilai resistivitas terbesar dibandingkan batuan yang lainnya dengan nilai resistivitas batuan kisaran antara 33,87 Ωm-66,8 Ωm, sedangkan pada kedalaman 1,51m-7,91m terdiri dari tanah lanau basah lembek dan tanah lanau, pasiran, tidak ditemukan batuan candi (andesit) yang terkubur didalam tanah.
Analytical Solution to FRW Metric with Variable Speed of Light
Authors: Joseph Gabriel W. , Targema Terkaa Victor , Kanu M. O.
Published: November 2021

According to the principle of general covariance, the laws of physics are the same in all reference frames. The controversial theory of the Varying Speed of Light (VSL) contradicts the principle of general covariance. Fortunately the VLS theory explains some crucial issues in cosmology such as Lorentz variance, biometric theories, locally Lorentz variance, cosmological constant problem, horizon and flatness problems. Also, recent astronomical observations from quasar show that the fine structural constant depends on redshift and therefore, varies with cosmological time. In other to harness this fascinating and published knowledge, two models where used in this work.  1. Cosmology with variables c; here the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) is used in the Einstein field equation with variable c and Λ terms to obtain the scale factor, which shows the continuous exponential expansion of the universe. 2. Variation of the speed of light as a function of the scale factor of the universe; here we obtained: a good approximation to estimate the current age of the universe. The scale factor of the universe depends its content given by the equation of state parameter ω. We obtained the deceleration parameter in terms of the Hubble parameter. We arrived at a conclusion that the universe was decelerating at ω = 1, accelerating at ω = 1/3 and the Hubble parameter diverges at the beginning and end of the universe.
Karakterisasi Muatan Nanopartikel Silika (SiO2) dengan Metode Elektroforesis
Authors: Santoso Purwoko Haryadi , Kurniawan Yohanes , Pamungkas Havid Noor , Suparno Suparno
Published: November 2021

Electrophoresis is one of the experimental methods employed in this study to characterize unique properties of charges of silica nanoparticles (SiO2) by observing their electrophoretic phenomena while they are situated in the electric field. This study is aimed to measure one of the SiO2 properties, namely the charge, using electrophoresis method through the variation of electric fields. The charge dependencies of SiO2 was probed towards five times variation of electric fields 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, and 2000 V/m in 20 mL of aquades. The displacement of SiO2 could be observed through the light microscope with 160x magnification which the recorded observations then were analyzed by timeline-based software to measure the displacement time of particles during the observation. The results revealed that silica nanoparticles have the kind of positive charges in the colloidal solution. It is caused the magnitude of SiO2 charges is ranged constantly despite the variational effect of electric field in the environment. Light microscope has been optimized in this study to measure the velocity of SiO2 that tends to increase with respect to the magnifying electric fields given in the experiment.
Highly coherent visible supercontinuum generation in a micrometer-core borosilicate glass photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Han Feng , Wei Chengli , Hu Jonathan , Shi Jindan , Feng Xian
Published: November 2021

Highly coherent visible supercontinuum (SC) sources are demanded for many applications such as bio-sensing and imaging. Either dispersion management on the fiber or optimizing ultrafast pulsed pump parameters can work for achieving broadband coherent fiber SC. Normally, highly coherent SC with medium bandwidth can be obtained in an all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (PCF), which has normal dispersion for all the wavelengths by tailoring the structure parameters of the microstructured cladding to sub-wavelength scale. Hence, such an ANDi fiber requires a submicron core diameter, and it makes precise fabrication challenging. Instead, using a standard anomalous dispersion pumping scheme and an ultrafast pulsed pump source, broadband SC with a high degree of coherence can also be obtained. In this study, we report broadband visible SC with a high degree of coherence approaching unity in a low-index borosilicate glass air-suspended PCF with a micrometer-core diameter, by the anomalous dispersion pumping scheme. The pulse duration of the 800 nm Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser is 29 fs. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations, indicating that ultrashort pump pulses are the primary cause for the high degree of the generated visible SC, while the weak Raman effect of the borosilicate glass host plays a non-negligible but secondary role in the procedure of coherent SC generation.
Free-space coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with low dark counts
Authors: Mueller Andrew S. , Korzh Boris , Runyan Marcus , Wollman Emma E. , Beyer Andrew D. , Allmaras Jason P. , Velasco Angel E. , Craiciu Ioana , Bumble Bruce , Briggs Ryan M. , Narvaez Lautaro , Peña Cristián , Spiropulu Maria , Shaw Matthew D.
Published: November 2021

A free-space coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with high efficiency at 1550 nm, sub-0.1 Hz dark count rate, and sub-15 ps timing jitter is demonstrated.
Scabies in Spain? A comprehensive epidemiological picture
Authors: Redondo-Bravo Lidia , Fernandez-Martinez Beatriz , Gómez-Barroso Diana , Gherasim Alin , García-Gómez Montserrat , Benito Agustín , Herrador Zaida
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Scabies is a neglected disease stablished worldwide with a fairy well determined incidence. In high-income countries, it often causes outbreaks affecting the residents and staff of institutions and long-term facilities, usually hard to detect and control due to the difficult diagnosis and notification delay. This study aim at characterizing the affected population, geographical distribution, and evolution of scabies in Spain from 1997–2019 as well as to describe the main environments of transmission using different data sources.

Methods

We carried out a nationwide retrospective study using four databases, which record data from different perspectives: hospital admissions, patients attended at primary healthcare services, outbreaks, and occupational diseases. We described the main characteristics from each database and calculated annual incidences in order to evaluate temporal and geographical patterns. We also analyzed outbreaks and occupational settings to characterize the main transmission foci and applied Joinpoint regression models to detect trend changes.

Results

The elderly was the most frequent collective among the hospital admitted patients and notified cases in outbreaks, while children and young adults were the most affected according to primary care databases. The majority of the outbreaks occurred in homes and nursing homes; however, the facilities with more cases per outbreak were military barracks, healthcare settings and nursing homes. Most occupational cases occurred also in healthcare and social services settings, being healthcare workers the most common affected professional group. We detected a decreasing trend in scabies admissions from 1997 to 2014 (annual percentage change -APC- = -11.2%) and an increasing trend from 2014 to 2017 (APC = 23.6%). Wide geographical differences were observed depending on the database explored.

Discussion

An increasing trend in scabies admissions was observed in Spain since 2014, probably due to cutbacks in social services and healthcare in addition to worsen of living conditions as a result of the 2008 economic crisis, among other reasons. The main transmission foci were healthcare and social settings. Measures including enhancing epidemic studies and national registries, reinforcing clinical diagnosis and early detection of cases, hygiene improvements and training of the staff and wide implementation of scabies treatment (considering mass drug administration in institutions outbreaks) should be considered to reduce the impact of scabies among most vulnerable groups in Spain.
The burden of stroke and modifiable risk factors in Ethiopia: A systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abate Teshager Weldegiorgis , Zeleke Balew , Genanew Ashenafi , Abate Bidiru Weldegiorgis
Published: November 2021

Background

The burden and contribution of modifiable risk factors of stroke in Ethiopia are unclear. Knowledge about this burden and modifying risk factors is pivotal for establishing stroke prevention strategies. In recent decades, the issue of lifestyle and behavioral modification is a key to improve the quality of life. The modifiable risk factors are an importance as intervention strategies aimed at reducing these factors can subsequently reduce the risk of stroke. So far, many primary studies were conducted to estimate the burden of stroke and modifiable risk factors in Ethiopia. However, the lack of a nationwide study that determines the overall pooled estimation of burden and modifiable risk factors of stroke is a research gap.

Methods

To conduct this systemic review and meta-analysis, we are following the PRISMA checklist. Three authors searched and extracted the data from the CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (via Ovid), PubMed, EMcare, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Google scholar. The quality of the primary study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) by two independent reviewers. The primary studies with low and moderate risk of bias were included in the final analysis. The authors presented the pooled estimated burden of stroke and its modifiable risk factors. The registered protocol number in PROSPERO was CRD42020221906.

Results

In this study, the pooled burden of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were 46.42% (95%CI: 41.82–51.53; I2= 91.6%) and 51.40% (95%CI: 46.97–55.82; I2= 85.5%) respectively. The overall magnitude of modifiable risk factor of hypertension, alcohol consumption and dyslipidemia among stroke patients were 49% (95%CI: 43.59, 54.41), 24.96% (95CI%:15.01, 34.90), and 20.99% (95%CI: 11.10, 30.88), respectively. The least proportion of stroke recovery was in the Oromia region (67.38 (95%CI: 41.60–93.17; I2 = 98.1%). Farther more, the proportion of stroke recovery was decreased after 2017 (70.50 (56.80–84.20).

Conclusions

In our study, more than 90% of stroke patients had one or more modifiable risk factors. All identified modifiable stroke risk factors are major public health issues in Ethiopia. Therefore, strategy is designed for stroke prevention to decrease stroke burden through targeted modification of a single risk factor, or a cluster of multiple risk factors, used on a population, community, or individual level.
Creative Infrastructures: Artists, Money and Entrepreneurial Action
Authors: Essig Linda
Published: November 2021

A new collection of connected essays and case studies that delve deeply into the relationships between art, innovation, entrepreneurship and money. Arts entrepreneurship is a growing field, and this book is ideal for arts administrators and policy analysts as well as for artists who participate in professional development programmes.
Investigation of Clostridium perfringens in small-scale commercial broiler flocks in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh
Authors: Tresha Arunima Oarin , Arif Mohammad , Islam Sk Shaheenur , Haque A. K. M. Ziaul , Rahman Md. Tanvir , Kabir S. M. Lutful
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is one of the most prevalent diseases in broiler poultry caused by Clostridium perfringens connected with significant economic losses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh to assess the prevalence of C. perfringens through toxinotyping molecular assay and confirm the risk factors for NE, including antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) status of the isolates.

Materials and Methods: We included 40 small-scale commercial broiler farms randomly selected from two subdistricts of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. As an individual sample, 240 cloacal swabs, and as a pooled sample, 40 drinking water, 40 workers' hand washing, 40 litter swab, and 40 feed samples were collected and evaluated by culture, biochemical, and molecular assays. A pretested semi-structured interview questionnaire was employed to capture flock-level data on risk factors from the farm owners. The flock-level data on risk factors were assessed through univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses with p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Overall flock-level prevalence of C. perfringens was estimated to be 10.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.5- 13.6%). Litter swab (pooled) was found to be highly contaminated with C. perfringens (25.0%, 95% CI: 12.7-41.2%) followed by the cloacal swab (10.4%, 95% CI: 6.9-15.0%) and feed sample (5.0%, 95% CI: 0.6-16.9%). History of coccidia infection (Adjusted odds ratio =33.01, 95% CI: 2.14-507.59, p=0.01) was significantly associated with flock-level C. perfringens infection status. In this study, 78.1% isolates were found as multidrug-resistant as they demonstrated resistance to 3-5 antimicrobial agents.

Conclusion: Evidence-based control options need to be taken through the uses of prebiotics and probiotics, biosecurity, and hygienic measurement, including control of coccidia infection, is needed to lessen the NE infection and AMR related to this pathogen in small-scale commercial broiler poultry.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation
Authors: Kiss Tamás
Published: October 2021

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a major cause of dementia among elderly individuals. Understanding molecular mechanisms behind vascular aging is essential to develop novel interventional strategies for the treatment and prevention of VCI. Recent studies have provided critical evidence that vascular aging is characterized by cellular NAD+ depletion. In our studies we systematically investigated the effects of boosting cellular NAD+ levels by the use of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), an intermediate of NAD+ metabolism. First, we conducted in vitro examination of cultured cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (CMVES) isolated from young and aged F344xBN rats. We have shown that NMN treatment attenuates oxidative stress and rescues angiogenic capacity in aged CMVES. Next, in vivo aged C57BL/6 mice were treated daily with NMN for 14 days. NMN treatment rescued cognitive performance, motor function and neurovascular coupling in aged animals. To understand the fundamental gene regulation underlying the beneficial effects of NMN treatment, we generated a miRNA profile from the aorta and a gene expression profile from isolated brain endothelial cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the effects of NMN treatment were mediated by the sirtuin pathway and induced gene expression changes associated with mitochondrial rejuvenation, anti-inflammatory and anti- apoptotic pathways.
Análise da Percepção da Dor e da Possibilidade de Morte em Pacientes Oncológicos no Brasil / Analysis of Pain Perception and Possibility of Death in Oncological Patients in Brazil
Authors: Marquezi Ferro Luiz Roberto , Oliveira Aislan José De , Garcia Aline Carina , Ferreira Cristiane Dos Santos Muniz , Oshiyama Thainara Silva , Silva Thays Lara Teles , Reis Victoria Carnielli dos , Gonçalves Yasmin Souto da Silva , Silva Cátia Almeida Alves da , Rocha Karina Aparecida Ferreira da
Published: November 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa bibliográfica acerca das contribuições do existencialismo para a percepção de dor e da a possibilidade de morte após o diagnóstico dos pacientes oncológicos no Brasil. Com a finalidade de cooperar cientificamente com estudos e esclarecimentos a respeito do fazer prático da fenomenologia neste campo. Para tal, utilizamos da revisão de literatura bibliográfica, reunindo fontes de pesquisa e estudos sobre o tema, para dialogar sobre a importância da temática existencial nas reflexões sobre dor e morte nos pacientes oncológicos. Enquanto aporte teórico metodológico, este estudo se orienta pelas discussões da Fenomenologia Existencial. Como resultados da pesquisa destacam-se as temáticas: percepção da morte em pacientes oncológicos e em cada fase da vida, as reações em comum de pacientes oncológicos e seus cuidadores após o recebimento do diagnóstico e como os cuidados paliativos que atuam com a abordagem fenomenológica existencial auxiliam em seu tratamento. O estudo em questão levantou pontos relevantes sobre a pertinência do papel da fenomenologia existencial para o processo de pacientes oncológicos.
Implicações da Deficiência de Vitamina D na Depressão / Implications of Vitamin D Deficiency in Depression
Authors: Sá Ana Cristina Fonseca de , Facioli Larissa De Souza , Querobino Samyr Machado
Published: November 2021

A vitamina D é um pré-hormônio lipossolúvel conhecido pela homeostase do metabolismo ósseo, porém, recentes estudos demonstraram que ela possui maior funcionalidade no organismo, inclusive no sistema nervoso central. A deficiência dos níveis séricos de vitamina D tem sido associada a diversas doenças neurológicas, em especial a depressão, que já é considerada um problema de saúde pública por afetar grande parte da população. Com a busca de novas estratégias terapêuticas, por meio de ensaios clínicos com a suplementação de vitamina D, notou-se uma melhora nas neurotransmissões de dopamina e serotonina, além de uma ação anti-inflamatória e neuroprotetora, sendo visados como novos meios de prevenção e tratamento das doenças neurológicas. Dessa forma, este trabalho propôs realizar uma revisão sistemática, avaliando e correlacionando a depressão com a vitamina D e sua deficiência. A revisão sistemática foi realizada utilizando artigos que avaliaram os efeitos da suplementação de vitamina D em pacientes diagnosticados com depressão comparada a pacientes saudáveis maiores de 18 anos. De acordo com os dados obtidos nesta revisão, pode-se observar que 63,64% dos estudos concluíram que os pacientes tratados com vitamina D não apresentaram melhoras significativas nos sintomas da depressão após a suplementação, enquanto que 36,36% dos estudos relataram melhoras significativas. Concluímos que os ensaios clínicos atuais não comprovam total eficácia da suplementação de VD em relação à doença neurológica estudada, tornando-se necessário a realização de mais estudos com ensaios clínicos randomizados para uma melhor compreensão e clareza sobre a eficácia do tratamento em relação a essa patologia.
As Abordagens Educacionais: Consequências da Metodologia Fônica na Educação de Surdos / Educational Approaches: Consequences of Phonic Methodology in Education of the Deaf
Authors: Almeida Rodrigo Brito de , Silva Elenira Pereira da , Teotônio Leoric Fernandes
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo esclarecer a importância do ensino/instrução em Língua Brasileira de Sinais – LIBRAS, focando nas metodologias educacionais para alunos surdos da educação básica brasileira. Principalmente, expondo as abordagens utilizadas desde o Congresso de Milão em 1880, em que a proibição da Língua de Sinais foi constituída e, substituída pelo método Oralista. Deste modo, fazendo uma análise da tentativa do governo atual em aplicar o Método Fônico na educação de surdo. Assim, podemos apontar segundo Goldfeld que, o Oralismo percebe a surdez como uma deficiência, desprezando a Língua de Sinais e a cultura surda, impondo a cultura ouvinte e a Língua Oral, tentando a todo momento normalizar o sujeito surdo a personalidade ouvinte. Sob o mesmo ponto de vista, Skliar afirma que as práticas oralistas de normalização, foram violentas para controlar, separar e negar a comunidade surda, a língua de sinais, a identidade surda e as experiências visuais dos surdos. Entendemos a proposta do Método Fônico como retrocesso na educação de surdos, em que a criança através dos sons de cada letra, será exposta a repetições sonoras, leituras labiais e orofaciais. Destarte, interpretamos esse o Método Fônico como a chegada do novo Oralismo, em que a história e as experiências no processo de educação dos surdos foram ineficientes para o desenvolvimento educacional e cultural dos indivíduos surdos. Levando, em consideração aos avanços de políticas públicas nos últimos anos para surdos, esse Método Fônico anularia o processo histórico de luta da comunidade surda no país e além disso, desrespeitaria uma extensa legislação que assegura aos surdos uma educação baseada em suas características linguísticas. Palavras-Chave: Educação de Surdos; Libras; Método Fônico.
Os Desafios do Professor no Século XXI: A Tecnologia como uma Aliada no Processo Ensino e Aprendizagem /
Authors: Silva Felipe Ribeiro da , Lucena Fabiana Alves de , Sousa Maria do Socorro Cordeiro de
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O papel do professor no processo ensino e aprendizagem é muito importante, sendo sua a missão de transmitir os conteúdos e de contribuir de forma significativa com o desenvolvimento do estudante, exercendo assim múltiplos papéis em sala de aula. Nesse contexto, merece destaque a metodologia de ensino dos professores, a qual vem sofrendo mudanças ao longo do tempo, por isso estes precisam estar constantemente adequando seus planejamentos as necessidades do alunado, tanto em conjunto como de modo individual. Essas mudanças tiveram mais um atenuante ao abordar a questão da pandemia do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) que, em meados de março de 2019, ocasionou o fechamento das escolas e o distanciamento das aulas presenciais, tornando obrigatório a busca por novos métodos para continuar com o processo de ensino e aprendizagem mesmo fora do seu espaço habitual. Destarte, o professor precisou de imediato adequar-se a nova realidade, introduzindo em suas aulas o uso da tecnologia, fomentando, com isso, o ensino remoto. Partindo desse cenário, o presente trabalho tem por objetivos analisar quais os desafios que o professor vem enfrentando em relação às novas formas de ensino durante a pandemia e verificar como a tecnologia tem auxiliado a docência. A justificativa para a escolha desse tema pauta-se na relevância de discutir as novas formas de ensino trazidas pela realidade vivenciada devido ao coronavírus, sendo uma temática importante para discussões como discente de Pedagogia. Para tanto, os principais autores que embasaram o trabalho foram: Moren e Santos (2011); Novoa (2017); Aguiar (2020); Calejon e Brito (2020); Cordeiro (2020); Melo (2020); Oliveira (2020); e Peres (2020). Já a metodologia utilizada foi a análise de arquivos publicados por autores que trataram do tema, logo, se constituindo de fontes atuais e se qualificando como uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter qualitativo. Deste modo, as contribuições ofertadas pelo artigo constituíram-se como fundamentais para compreender os reflexos ocasionados pela pandemia no contexto educacional, enaltecendo o papel do professor e os desafios enfrentados por ele com o intuito de manter o interesse dos estudantes e a aqualidade do ensino mesmo em face do distanciamento das escolas.Palavras-Chave: Educação. Ensino Remoto. Professor. Pandemia.
The learning curve and difficult points of the O-RADS ultrasound risk stratification system in 54 trainees
Authors: Zhou Shan , Guo Yuyang , Wen Lieming , Zhao Baihua , Liu Minghui
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the learning curve and explore the difficult points of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) ultrasound risk stratification system.Methods: One hundred adnexal masses (AMs) were randomly selected for five tests as training data. Two experienced trainers had an inter-rater agreement of 0.95 for the O-RADS scores. Fifty-four trainees (26 level I practitioners [group 1], 17 level II practitioners [group 2], and 11 experienced level II practitioners [group 3]) attended the training. Every trainee received assessment and feedback after 20 scored cases. The outcomes of the five tests were compared among the three groups using repeated-measurements analysis of variance.Results: Of the 100 AMs, 52 were pathologically benign and 48 were malignant; the O-RADS scores were 2, 3, 4, and 5 in 22, 11, 48, and 19 AMs, respectively. The between-subjects effects test showed no significant differences between groups 1, 2, and 3 for the five tests (P=0.501). For each group, the differences among the five tests were significant (P<0.001, P=0.006, and P=0.044 for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Test 2 was the worst. In 23 cases, more than 40% of trainees gave incorrect answers, which mainly related to classic benign lesions, the color flow score, and solid-appearing masses.Conclusion: After training, junior doctors at different levels can reach a coincident O-RADS ultrasound risk stratification. The difficulties primarily related to subjective judgments of classic benign lesions, the color flow score, and solid-appearing masses. More experience is needed to improve the applicability of the system.
Sobre la concepción maquiavélica del buen príncipe
Authors: Simian Rafael
Published: October 2021

Tradicionalmente, se ha leído El Príncipe de Maquiavelo como una obra que defiende un nuevo ideal ético-político que busca invalidar y reemplazar los ideales de Cicerón y el cristianismo. Con todo, Cassirer, Viroli y Berlin han defendido, cada uno a su manera, que ello no es así. Este ensayo expone las lecturas de estos tres intérpretes y extrae de ellas sus puntos centrales, con el fin de examinar los escritos de Maquiavelo y comprobar si acaso aquellos puntos son correctos. El análisis textual concluye que la lectura tradicional es plausible, mientras que las otras tres son poco convincentes. Se hace hincapié, empero, en que el ideal ético-político de Maquiavelo en El Príncipe posee restricciones importantes: primero, no es un ideal para todo ser humano; y segundo, solo es válido bajo ciertas circunstancias políticas ajenas a nuestro control, las cuales hacen necesaria la realización de ese ideal para la vida y prosperidad de la comunidad.
The great indifference
Authors: Piercy Marge
Published: November 2021

A new poem by Marge Piercy.
Study of Tourists Movement Pattern in Coastal Area and Small Islands, Makassar City
Authors: Ekawati Sri Aliah , Manga Stevanny , Rachma Sari Fitha , Rahmaniah Nurul Febrika
Published: November 2021

Makassar City is one of the coastal cities in Indonesia which has various tourist attractions. This tourist attraction is one of the interesting things considered by the people of Indonesia and even the world to visit Makassar City. This study aims to identify patterns of tourist movement in several coastal tourism areas and small islands in Makassar City. The method used in this research is qualitative method. Data obtained by searching secondary data, observation and distributing questionnaires online. Spatial analysis is done by interpreting the image map and digitizing it with ArcGIS, then analyzing the description. Through this research, it is known that there are three patterns of tourist movement, namely single point, base site and stop over. Based on these results, it is directed to develop a one day trip tourism concept.
Increasing the effectiveness of food supply chain logistics through digital transformation
Authors: Sermuksnyte-Alesiuniene Kristina , Simanaviciene Zaneta , Bickauske Daiva , Mosiiuk Stefaniia , Belova Iryna
Published: November 2021

During the COVID-19 crisis, there were many restrictions to transportation. Due to that, a significant disruption in the food supply chain has emerged. The transportation of the fresh food and maintaining the quality, from farm to the table or distributing and then collecting from the warehouses and delivering to the consumer, has become crucial. Technologies and especially IoT, have become the primary tool to fight it. The research objective is to analyze and create new knowledge about digital technologies used to improve and make more effective the food supply chain processes. An exploratory case study methodology helps to investigate a large consortium based on IoT technologies, implemented in pilot cases on farm level and measuring their performance over the period of four years. This is an interpretative study, and the method of semi-structured interviews and document review for collecting the data was used. The results show IoT-connected sensors and systems in food and beverage supply chain logistics offer real-time visibility and data-driven analytics, allowing stakeholders to improve performance, cut operating costs, conduct predictive maintenance to avoid downtime, and even decrease energy usage or reduce negative environmental impacts.
Adaptive changes in the ornithine cycle and amino acid synthesis in sheep liver with different meat productivity
Authors: Prylipko Tetiana , Koval Tetiana , Kostash Volodymyr , Tkachuk Volodymyr , Shuliar Alina , Shuliar Alona
Published: November 2021

The aim of the research was to study the ornithine cycle as the process of fixing ammonia and the formation of urea in the body of highly productive animals. In our experiments, we used a protein-deficient diet and urea as a nitrogen substitute for nitrogen-containing materials in the diet to reveal the mechanism of action of urea on animals, in particular on the biochemical processes of the ornithine cycle. There are some differences between Bukovinian sheep of the Askanian meat-wool breed and outbreds in terms of the ability to build muscle tissue. Our study reveals that the slaughter yield and the average daily gain consumption of Bukovinian-type meat of the Askanian meat-wool breed were higher in summer and in autumn, compare with purebred sheep. Sheep of the Bukovynian type of Askanian meat-wool breed have the intensity of enzymatic formation of urea in liver homogenates that is much higher in all experiments than in outbred sheep. A sharp drop in the activity of all stages of urea formation and glutamic acid synthesis in liver homogenates and significantly weakened urea formation was found in all experiments of the fourth series in comparison with the experiments in the third series. Increased muscle growth, high nitrogen deposition, and a much lower percentage of urinary excretion of ammonia and urea nitrogen, as well as higher activity of enzymes of the ornithine cycle and glutamic acid synthesis in the Bukovinian sheep type of Askanian meat-wool breed compared to outbreeds allow concluding that ammonia and urea in highly productive animals act less as finishing products of nitrogen metabolism than in low-productive animals.
The main aspects of choosing the enterprises' operating strategy
Authors: Karpenko Yuliia , Pienova Anzhelika , Melnychuk Dmytro , Kutsyk Valentyna , Nakonechna Nataliya , Kalinichenko Sergіy
Published: November 2021

Retail trade occupies an important place in the economy of Ukraine, ensuring the sale of manufactured goods to end consumers. For retailers, it is important to achieve timeliness and reliability of services to meet customer needs, which can be achieved through the formation of operational strategy. The purpose of the article is to form a methodological approach to the development of operational strategy of retail enterprises, which is based on the requirements of corporate strategy, selected in accordance with the stage of the life cycle of the industry. The development of this methodological approach was carried out on the basis of  Hill's model and system approach. As a result, a logical scheme of the process of developing an operational strategy is presented, which is specified by the list of input and output information. In order to determine the stage of the life cycle of the market of retail services in Ukraine, the eponymous concept of Porter was applied and the analysis was carried out according to the criteria: consumers and their behaviour, sales costs, changes in services, the nature of competition, profitability and found that the retail services market is growing. The method of observation, comparative and analytical method was used for the analysis, the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) was calculated on the basis of the data of the largest retail trade enterprises of Ukraine. As a result, it was found that the market of retail services in Ukraine is growing. With this in mind, an operational strategy for Ukrainian retailers has been proposed, which should aim to ensure the flexibility and variability of the operating system. The defined general direction of the operational strategy will allow to establish the content of decisions on the choice of operational processes, as well as the infrastructure to support them.
Development of the institutional accounting for the needs of financial regulation: experience in the agricultural sector of Ukraine
Authors: Semenyshena Nataliia , Radchenko Oksana , Zelenskyi Andrii  , Khocha Nadiia , Pelekh Ulyana
Published: November 2021

The study of the accounting environment was conducted and proposals for improving its theory for the needs of the macro-level of management from the standpoint of institutional theories were formed. A working hypothesis is proposed on the dependence of data collection methods for financial regulation, the formation of a development strategy for the industry, the selection of the Structure of programs of state support for goods and services, and it is tested on examples of budgetary financial regulation of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. For this, the existing scientific approach and practice of information support of financial support were analysed using examples of budget programs in the agricultural sector of the economy, determination of the state and ambushes of its further development in relation to the financial condition of agricultural enterprises, the level of their accounting and financial reporting, and, accordingly, the awareness of managers concerning participation in budget programs, submission of applications that takes budget support and its effective use. The analysis of indicators in the effectiveness of budget programs is carried out in order to disclose the relationship between accounting and macroeconomic indicators in the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The methodological approach to determining the effectiveness of budgetary support for the development of the agro-industrial complex is generalized, a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various programs of state financial support for agricultural commodities and production sites is carried out and statistical material on the state of agriculture is processed the Impact of budgetary support on the formation of financial indicators in the agricultural sector was determined. Proposals were provided for the concentration of state financial resources on the Key Program of Budgetary Support for the development of the agricultural sector and improvement of the organizational mechanism functioning of the system of budgetary subsidies for agricultural goods. The main indicators of monitoring the effectiveness of state programs to support the agricultural sector have been outlined and proposals are given for improving the information support of this process, accounting tools, financial and budgetary reporting. Recommendations are given for the concentration of state financial resources on the Key Program of Budgetary Support for the development of the agricultural sector and the improvement of the organizational mechanism of functioning of the system of budget subsidies in connection with the achieved financial indicators of activity of the commodity producers formed in the accounting and information system.
Ephemeral Encounters
Authors: Bruchac Margaret M. , Marsh Diana E.
Published: November 2021

In this “report from the field,” we write from two perspectives, as a curator and as an advisor, on the process of interpreting Native American documents in the 2016 American Philosophical Society Museum exhibition, “Gathering Voices: Thomas Jefferson and Native America.” We share insights into our curatorial and representational goals, and reflect on the challenges of interpreting Indigenous heritage and traditional knowledges in materials that have been captured in colonial collections. We show how archival documents tend to silence as much as showcase ephemeral encounters, and how power in museum environments often remains embedded within the routine structures of colonial settler institutions and practices. We critique our own exhibition by noting how, despite our best efforts, inherent tensions among Indigenous histories, decolonizing ideals, and colonial archives shaped the process and resulted in irreconcilable omissions. Yet, we argue that cross-cultural collaboration is essential when working in colonial archives. Only by inviting Indigenous people into the process can we make progress toward restoring living relationships among past voices and contemporary communities. In concluding, we offer advice on practical approaches to working with Indigenous collaborators and advisors.
Why Should We Implement a System of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Certification?
Authors: Cho Kwang Bum
Published: November 2021

The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure requires concentration while wearing a heavy radiation protective suit and taking the risk of radiation exposure and complications. In order to successfully perform an ERCP procedure, it is necessary to understand the target disease, as well as appropriate education and training, and a certain amount of experience in the procedure. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association organized a promotion committee to implement the “ERCP Certification” system to maintain education and quality control of ERCP procedures. A blueprint was prepared.
Pancreatobiliary Endoscopy Certification System from the Perspective of Insurance Policy
Authors: Lee Inseok
Published: November 2021

Pancreatic and biliary endoscopy certified doctors perform high-level procedures and try to improve public health by maintaining professionalism. In this manuscript, I review how the certification system is reflected in the Korean National Health Insurance. In addition, we considered the impact of certified pancreatic and biliary endoscopy doctors on the public. Through this, the pancreatobiliary endoscopy certification system is to be properly established and to contribute to the improvement of public health.
Introduction to the Rule Book of Pancreatobiliary Endoscopy Certification
Authors: Park Won Suk
Published: November 2021

An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure requires the highest level of difficulty among endoscopic procedures and the complications related to the procedure is relatively high, and fatal. Training in ERCP requires the development of technical, cognitive, and integrative skills well beyond those needed for standard endoscopic procedures. Therefore, a system that certifies qualifications through objective and systematic training and examination is needed to improve patient safety and quality of medical services. This manuscript introduces a set of rules that contain all the necessary matters for the certification system of pancreatic and biliary endoscopy.
New Stents for Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Procedures
Authors: Huh Gunn , Song Tae Jun
Published: November 2021

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transmural drainage of peripancreatic fluid collection, gallbladder, bile duct, or pancreatic duct has emerged as a therapeutic option in patients with pancreatobiliary diseases. Recently, dedicated stents for EUS-guided interventions, which include lumen-apposing metal stents and modified tubular self-expanding metal stents, have been developed to improve efficacy and safety of these procedures. This article has reviewed newly developed stents for EUSguided interventions and their therapeutic outcomes.
Bile Acid Receptors in Cholangiocyte
Authors: Park Jin Myung
Published: November 2021

Bile acids are known to play a role in helping the digestion of lipid and maintenance of the bile flow. However, since the first bile acid receptor was discovered in 1999, it has been found that various bile acid receptors are present. Bile acid receptors are involved in bile acid physiology, energy metabolism, and inflammatory response. G-protein bile acid-activated receptor 1 (GPBAR1) and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) are representative bile acid receptors in cholangiocyte. They are involved in proliferation and secretion of cholangiocyte, which seem to protect cholangiocyte from the toxicity of bile acids. GPBAR1 and S1PR2 are also associated with the progression of cholangiocarcinoma.