bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Disease and the Great Imitator: A Diagnostic Dilemma with Ancient Maladies
Authors: Imad Hisham Ahmed , Lakanavisid Ploi , Pisutsan Phimphan , Trerattanavong Kentaro , Ngamprasertchai Thundon , Matsee Wasin , Piyaphanee Watcharapong , Leaungwutiwong Pornsawan , Nguitragool Wang , Nakayama Emi E. , Shioda Tatsuo
Published: April 2022

Fever and rash as manifestations of infection by microorganisms are collectively known as febrile exanthem. Viruses are more frequently associated with febrile exanthema, and often these symptoms are thus impetuously termed viral exanthem. However, bacteria represent a frequently overlooked infectious etiology causing rash in humans. In addition, certain microbes may exhibit pathognomonic features that erupt during illness and facilitate clinical diagnosis. Conversely, coinfections often obscure the clinical characteristics of the primary disease and further challenge clinicians attempting to reach a diagnosis. We retrospectively looked at de-identified clinical data of a patient who presented to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Bangkok in July 2019 with complaints of fever and rash. The case involved a 35-year-old who presented with a 3-day history of fever, respiratory symptoms, myalgia, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and a generalized maculopapular rash. On examination, the patient was febrile, tachycardic, and tachypneic, with a mean arterial pressure of 95 mmHg. A differential white blood cell count showed: leukocytes, 5800/µL; neutrophils, 4408/µL; lymphocytes, 406/µL; and platelets, 155,000/µL. Striking findings involving the integumentary system included Koplik’s spots and generalized maculopapular rash. Further serology revealed positive immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG for both measles and rubella virus, including reactive serology for Treponema pallidum. Here we describe the clinical course and management of this patient.
Anti-Spike Protein to Determine SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels: Is There a Specific Threshold Conferring Protection in Immunocompromised Patients?
Authors: Halfon Philippe , Jordana Sylvie , Blachier Stéphane , Cartlamy Philippe , Kbaier Laurent , Cavaille Guilhem , Stavris Chloé , Retornaz Frédérique , Chiche Laurent , Penaranda Guillaume
Published: April 2022

Background: Identifying a specific threshold level of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that confers protection in immunocompromised patients has been very challenging. The aim was to assess the threshold of 264 binding antibody units (BAU)/ml using four different SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays (Abbott, Beckman, Roche, and Siemens) and to establish a new optimal threshold of protection for each of the four antibody assays. Methods: This study was performed on data retrieved from 69 individuals, who received at least one dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 or Moderna COVID-19 vaccine (Spikevax) at the Alphabio Laboratory in Marseille, France (European Hospital, Alphabio – Biogroup). The results were compared to the percent inhibition calculated using a functional surrogate of a standardized virus neutralization test (Genscript). Results: Samples from 69 patients were analyzed. For a reference cutoff of 264 BAU/ml, assays showed moderate to good overall concordance with Genscript: 87% concordance for Abbott, 78% for Beckman, 75% for Roche, and 88% for Siemens. Overall concordance increased consistently after applying new thresholds, i.e., 148 BAU/ml (Abbott), 48 (Beckman), 559 (Roche), and 270 (Siemens). Conclusion: We suggest specific adjusted thresholds (BAU/ml) for the four commercial antibody assays that are used to assess pre-exposure prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of opisthorchiasis in the Republic of Mordovia
Authors:   N.P.Ogarev Mordovia National Research University, Saransk, Russian Federation, Markosyan N.S. , Pavelkina V.F. ,   N.P.Ogarev Mordovia National Research University, Saransk, Russian Federation, Ampleeva N.P. ,   N.P.Ogarev Mordovia National Research University, Saransk, Russian Federation, Almyasheva R.Z. ,   N.P.Ogarev Mordovia National Research University, Saransk, Russian Federation, Erovichenkov A.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   M.P.Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune and Biological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Objective. To analyze clinical and epidemiological characteristics of opisthorchiasis in the Republic of Mordovia. Materials and methods. We have analyzed medical records of 34 patients with opisthorchiasis (6 with acute disease and 28 with chronic disease) treated in the Republican Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases between 2011 and 2020. The diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of eggs of Opisthorchis felineus in their feces by microscopy. Results. The territory of Mordovia is considered endemic for opisthorchiasis. New cases are registered every year, while the incidence is lower than that in Russia. The highest incidence was observed among urban residents over 40 years of age, primarily in women. All patients reported that they ate lightly salted and dried fish (carp) not tested for its safety. Conclusion. Acute opisthorchiasis developed as the hepatocholangitic variant of the disease with fever, intoxication, pain, and jaundice. Chronic opisthorchiasis was characterized by various, but less pronounced gastrointestinal symptoms; general intoxication was less common than in patients with acute disease. Clinical manifestations of allergosis were observed only in patients with chronic infection, whereas its more pronounced laboratory signs were detected in patients with acute opisthorchiasis. Chronic infection was characterized by less significant changes in other laboratory parameters. Praziquantel was used to treat opisthorchiasis. Keywords: diagnosis, clinical manifestations, treatment, opisthorchiasis, acute, chronic, epidemiological analysis
Syphilis as an interdisciplinary problem: from polymorphic clinical manifestations of visceral lesions to main causes and consequences of disease progression
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Tlish M.M. , Shavilova M.E. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Timoshenko S.V. ,   Clinical Dermatovenerologic dispensary, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Psavok F.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Syphilis is a significant infection that can affect not only the mucous membranes and skin, but also internal organs. Visceral changes in patients with syphilis often cause nonspecific clinical manifestations and develop without any skin symptoms, which makes this disease an interdisciplinary problem. Untimely therapy, insufficient control of cure, late diagnosis of syphilitic lesions of internal organs may result in irreversible dystrophic changes and even permanent disability. Given that these patients might seek medical assistance in any healthcare institutions, it is important that not only dermatovenerologists, but also related specialists should be well aware of syphilis. In this article, we report cases of syphilitic lesions to the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Case series focus the attention of specialists on the negative consequences of improper clinical and serological control and late treatment of syphilis, which resulted in disease progression and organic lesions. Some of the patients with syphilisrelated visceral pathology described in this article had late diagnosis of syphilis primarily due to a narrow approach to symptom evaluation. Our study aims to raise doctors' awareness about current characteristics of syphilis and possible diagnostic errors. Key words: cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis, ocular syphilis, diagnostic errors
The validity and practicality of the SEDC learning model in enhance student’s higher order thinking skills in science learning
Authors: Anggraeni Rusmala Evi , Suratno S , Narulita Erlia
Published: April 2022

As we move into the twenty-first century, education is becoming increasingly critical in order to ensure that every student has the skills necessary to meet the demands of the twenty-first century. The challenge in the world of education in Indonesia today is to provide quality education that is capable of producing competent human resources. To meet the demands of the twenty-first century, STEM-based education is required. Students in Era 4.0 must not only have high-order thinking skills, but also digital literacy. Teachers and students must be able to make the best use of technology, which would enable teachers to develop an online learning setting. The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic have hastened the adoption of information technology in the field of education. By use of digital learning during COVID-19 offered excellent opportunities for teachers to gain experience in digital learning and teaching. The teacher must first plan by using a learning model that supports the online learning process, such as the Community of Inquiry (CoI). Therefore, the development of a STEM-based CoI learning model was carried out, namely SEDC. The aim of this study is to assess the SEDC learning model's validity and practicality. This study uses a 4D design to define, design, develop, and disseminate. In this study, 116 students participated in small-scale test, large-scale test, and dissemination studies, with two expert lecturers as validators and one teacher as users. The validation results were 95.6% with very valid categories, according to the findings. The result for practicality is 84.69% in the very practical category. As a result, this learning model can be concluded to be both valid and useful in rising HOTS. Therefore, it's suggested that it's used in the learning process
How are problem-solving skills equipped in learning biodiversity? The efforts to realize learning of society 5.0
Authors: Faizah Ulfi , Rustaman Nuryani Yogipranata , Sanjaya Yayan , Wulan Ana Ratna , Ambarwati Reni , Rahayu Dwi Anggorowati
Published: April 2022

Problem-solving skills and the ability to live sustainably by maintaining the harmonization of the environment/biodiversity are some of the characteristics of Society 5.0. Efforts to apply these characteristics need to be realized in biodiversity studies at universities. Currently, information about these efforts needs to be reviewed to develop efforts to equip skills which directly useful to solve problems in society. The study's aim described various efforts to equip problem-solving skills in biodiversity learning to realize learning of Society 5.0. The research method was descriptive and the respondents were lecturers who teach biodiversity subjects (n = 82) at various colleges in Indonesia (n = 38). The instrument was a questionnaire in Google form that contained questions about problem-solving skills. The data were analysed descriptively using Microsoft Excel version 2019. The results showed 98.8% of respondents had equipped problem-solving skills to their students. Regarding new literacy, 68.3% of respondents said they know and apply it in many ways in lecture activities. The conclusion This study concluded that various efforts had been made in biodiversity learning in colleges in equipping problem-solving skills as learning society 5.0. Lecturers need to increase skills of new literacy that support the implementation of learning of society 5.0. In the future, problem solving skills by integrating new literacy can become a necessity to be applied in more various universities.
Policy Capacity: Um Conceito Polissêmico no Âmbito da Administração Pública
Authors: Simão Gustavo Leonardo , Silveira Suely de Fátima Ramos
Published: April 2022

Objetivo da Pesquisa:

O presente trabalho de natureza bibliográfica objetivou analisar o conceito de capacidade estatal para a produção de políticas públicas sob dois aspectos: frentes de pesquisa e identificação da base intelectual seminal.

Enquadramento Teórico:

A capacidade de uma resposta célere e eficaz credita qualidade à gestão pública e, a partir disso, amplia o capital político dos agentes governamentais, em vista da legitimidade alcançada. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho estrutura-se em torno da análise do conceito das capacidades dos agentes governamentais para a produção de políticas públicas, uma tradução livre do conceito de policy capacity.

Metodologia:

A pesquisa tem por natureza uma abordagem quantitativa, baseada na análise bibliométrica de trabalhos acadêmicos. Os dados bibliográficos foram extraídos da coleção principal da Web of Science (WoS). Para a análise dos dados bibliométricos foram utilizados dois softwares - o VOSviewer e o Iramutec.

Resultados:

Os resultados identificaram duas perspectivas enfoque-resultados -  a processual e a estrutural - em diversas instâncias de governo, inclusive em relação às bases intelectuais dos três autores com trabalhos mais referenciados no conjunto da pesquisa realizada. Ainda em relação ao contexto das bases intelectuais foi verificado que os três autores mais referenciados abordam temas atinentes à governança e suas aplicações, também passíveis de serem delimitadas em aspectos processuais e estruturais.

Originalidade:

A pesquisa analisa, e contextualiza, um conceito recorrente na nova agenda no âmbito dos trabalhos acadêmicos sobre Administração Pública. Assim, a partir da elucidação do que denominou-se nestre trabalho de duas macro perspectivas de convergência em relação às falhas e sucessos na análise de ações voltadas a resolução de problemas da gestão pública, há uma oferta de insigths para a redução da polissemia do termo. Por decorrência, os resultados auxiliarão um melhor enfoque do conceito nos estudos futuros.

Contribuições Teóricas e Práticas:

Os dois aspectos encontrados como delimitantes da abordagem da capacidade governamental, o processual e o estrutural, no escopo das frentes de pesquisa existentes, bem como as bases intelectuais ativas sobre a temática  são relevantes à redução da polissemia existente em torno do conceito de policy capacity.
A Burocracia de Nível de Rua na Implementação do Serviço de Proteção e Atendimento Integral à Família (PAIF): Percepções e Traduções de Normativas nas Políticas Públicas
Authors: Bronzo Carla , Cristina Rezende Costa Eliete , Guimaraes Flavia
Published: April 2022

Objetivo da pesquisa: O artigo analisa a implementação do Serviço de Proteção e Atendimento Integral à Família (PAIF), no âmbito da política de assistência social, a partir das percepeções de burocratas de nível de rua de dois Centros de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS) de um mesmo território em Belo Horizonte.

Enquadramento teórico: A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da revisão de conceitos presentes na literatura sobre implementação de políticas públicas e burocracia de nível de rua.

Metodologia: Trata-se de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com realização de pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, analisadas por meio do método da análise de conteúdo.

Resultados: A pesquisa demonstrou haver consensos a respeito dos objetivos do PAIF e divergências quanto aos meios empregados para operacionalizá-los. As análises empreendidas mostraram que as normativas não bastam para orientar a entrega de uma política com baixa programabilidade. Dessa forma, o burocrata de nível de rua se constitui, ele mesmo, na principal tecnologia de intervenção da Assistência Social. Além disso, forneceram-se indícios de que a dimensão relacional afeta a atuação dos técnicos e usuários dos serviços, caracterizando a alta interação entre eles na operacionalização do serviço.

Originalidade: O estudo buscou abordar de forma integrada perspectivas teóricas para a compreensão do papel da burocracia de nível de rua na provisão de um serviço socioassistencial.

Contribuições teóricas e práticas: O entendimento das particularidades do caso analisado pode contribuir para a compreensão da burocracia que tem interface direta com a população, auxiliando no aprimoramento da política de assistência social.
Covid-19: Análise da Eficiência das Unidades Federativas Brasileiras no Controle da Pandemia
Authors: Coimbra Borges Richardson , Nuitin Adriano , Silva de Oliveira Alessandro
Published: April 2022

Objetivo da pesquisa: Este estudo tem o objetivo geral de medir o desempenho (eficiência) das unidades federativas brasileiras no controle da pandemia de Covid-19 e mitigação do número de mortes. Para atingir o objetivo geral, foram analisadas duas perspectivas, tendo sido definidos os seguintes objetivos específicos: (i) medir a eficiência para controlar a propagação da pandemia; e (ii) medir a eficiência para minimizar os óbitos.

Enquadramento Teórico: Este artigo fundamenta-se na literatura referente a gestão pública da pandemia de Covid 19 pelas Unidades Federativas Brasileiras.

Metodologia: Para o atingir o objetivo proposto foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório por meio da metodologia Data Envelopment Analysis nos meses de agosto e novembro de 2020. A população é composta pelas 27 Unidades Federativas Brasileiras.

Resultados: Os principais resultados informam que o isolamento social e a transparência das informações disponibilizadas a população auxiliam na redução da propagação da doença e minimização do número de óbitos.

Originalidade: Este  estudo  diferencia-se  dos  demais  haja vista que inobstante a importância da análise do desempenho governamental no contexto de epidemias cabe destacar que não foram encontradas na literatura (pesquisa efetuada nas bases dados Web of Science, Periódicos Capes, Google Acadêmico, Spell, BDTD, base de dados ANPAD e buscador Google) pesquisas desenvolvidas com o objetivo de medir a eficiência das unidades federativas brasileiras no episódio da Covid-19 por meio de DEA.

Contribuições teóricas e práticas:  Este  estudo  contribui  para  a  literatura  ao  passo  que  investiga  a  eficiência/ineficiência da ação governamental na pandemia de Covid 19. De acordo com as análises os resultados da ineficiência em prevenir a propagação do coronavírus e redução de mortes, podem contribuir para a definição de ações e tomada de decisões por parte dos gestores na minimização dos efeitos da epidemia.

 

Palavras-chave: SARS-CoV-2; resposta governamental; Data Envelopment Analysis.
Psicopatología, apego y apoyo social en familiares de personas afectadas por COVID-19
Authors: Calderón-Cholbi Aruca , Delhom Iraida , Mateu-Mollá Joaquín , Lacomba-Trejo Laura
Published: April 2022

Marco teórico: La pandemia del COVID-19 ha supuesto un grave impacto emocional para quienes han padecido la enfermedad pero también para sus familiares. El apego seguro y el apoyo social pueden amortiguar estos efectos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los factores de riesgo y protección en los familiares de personas afectadas por COVID-19.

Método: Una vez firmado el consentimiento informado, evaluamos a los participantes (n=50) en psicopatología (SCL-90-R), apego (CAA) y apoyo social (MOS-SSS).

Resultados: Los familiares que participaron presentaron malestar emocional, vínculos de apego inseguros y moderado apoyo social. Los hombres y las personas con problemas de salud mental o físicos previos mostraron mayor afectación. Una mayor psicopatología se asoció con vínculos de apego inseguros y con menor apoyo social.

Conclusiones: Señalamos que la familia es una parte activa ante la enfermedad, por lo que se puede ver gravemente afectada. Los programas de intervención deben dirigirse a fortalecer los vínculos emocionales y de apoyo social.
Psicooncología Pediátrica: Un Estudio Fenomenológico Hermenéutico con Personal Sanitario
Authors: Giosa Roberto
Published: April 2022

El cáncer en edad pediátrica es una enfermedad muy difícil de tratar, tanto en el ámbito médico como en el emotivo. El personal sanitario, al mismo tiempo que se ocupa de la cura del niño, tiene que instaurar una buena relación con los padres y con el propio niño. Esto favorece que sea necesaria la creación de una alianza terapéutica, la cual puede ser representada en el triángulo pediátrico. En base a esto, el trabajo, por ejemplo, del grupo de enfermeros de un departamento de oncología pediátrica, es muy difícil y desafiante. En este artículo se presenta una investigación fenomenológica-hermenéutica en la que han sido entrevistados 8 sujetos (7 enfermeras y una operadora socio-sanitaria) del personal sanitario del departamento de oncología pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Alicante, España. Realizada entre Abril 2017 y Junio 2017, con el instrumento de la entrevista biográfica, ha permitido indagar las vivencias y los sentimientos del personal sanitario respecto a su trabajo, a la relación con los compañeros, a la relación con los niños y las familias durante el proceso terapéutico. Los principales resultados obtenidos del análisis fenomenológico-hermenéutico de las entrevistas realizadas con el grupo de sujetos, subrayan la importancia del apoyo emocional del grupo de compañeros de trabajo, la necesidad de recibir una formación psicológica para mejorar la comunicación con las familias y los niños, todo ello con la finalidad de crear un clima mayormente colaborativo, y la necesidad de no rendirse nunca ante las dificultades que una enfermedad tan desafiante, a nivel emotivo y clínico, produce.
Ansiedad y depresión en pacientes internados en dos hospitales de Arequipa, Perú
Authors: Muñoz-Najar Pacheco Andrés Omar , Tejada Rivera María del Carmen , Gallegos Muñoz-Najar Sergio David , Obando Vera Sebastián Dudri , Guerra Jácobo Maricielo Beatriz , Zeballos Paz Elger Sebastian , Inofuente Centeno Alexander , Ocharan Pinto Adaluz Emily
Published: April 2022

Las personas durante su hospitalización tienden a presentar problemas emocionales como ansiedad y depresión. El objetivo de la investigación fue comparar los niveles de ansiedad y depresión en los pacientes internados en dos hospitales de Arequipa, Perú. Por otro lado, se buscó comparar los niveles de ansiedad y depresión entre hombres y mujeres y entre ambos hospitales. Para el presente estudio se aplicó la escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión a 50 pacientes internados en dos hospitales de la ciudad, uno del Ministerio de Salud y otro del Seguro Social. Los resultados indican que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hospitales respecto a la ansiedad y la depresión (p=.451; p=.468). Se observó también que existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre hombres y mujeres respecto a la ansiedad (p=.009). Se observó que existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre hombres y mujeres respecto a la ansiedad en solo uno de los hospitales evaluados (p=.022). Se concluye que los pacientes internados tienden a presentar problemas de ansiedad y depresión, sin diferenciar sexo o tipo de hospital.
Factores de protección en el ajuste a la fibrosis quística en pediatría
Authors: Valero-Moreno Selene , Lacomba-Trejo Laura , Castillo-Corullón Silvia , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada
Published: April 2022

Marco teórico: la fibrosis quística es la enfermedad rara más frecuente. Su diagnóstico tiene un impacto sobre el bienestar de los pacientes. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar los factores de protección en el ajuste a la enfermedad.Método: se evaluaron 25 pacientes pediátricos (60% chicas), de edades entre 9-18 años (M=11,52, DT= 2,86). Se administraron dos cuestionarios: Fortalezas y dificultades y la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y correlaciones de Pearson entre las variables.Resultados: los datos obtenidos evidenciaron que un 44% de los pacientes presentaba un bajo bienestar psicológico, sin embargo, la mayoría mostraron una alta conducta prosocial. Existían relaciones positivas entre el bienestar psicológico y la prosocialidad.Conclusiones: conocer los aspectos protectores para un adecuado ajuste a la enfermedad, resulta relevante para desarrollar programas que potencien estos aspectos y favorezcan el bienestar del paciente.
Síndrome de Burnout en Urgencias
Authors: Barquín Rodríguez Francisco Ismael , Gomis Coloma Ana María
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Identificar la existencia del síndrome de Burnout en los profesionales sanitarios en los servicios de Urgencias y relacionarlos con las variables sociodemográficas.Método: Se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo utilizando el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory que mide el desgaste profesional, en conjunto con unas variables sociodemográficas y laborales, administrado a diferentes profesionales sanitarios de los servicios de Urgencias de Madrid y Las Palmas.Resultados: El 10,6% de los participantes refiere niveles altos de Burnout en las tres subescalas del Burnout (Agotamiento Emocional, Realización Profesional y Despersonalización). Los niveles medios-altos componen el 31,8% de los participantes, resultando que el 42,4% de los participantes padecen Burnout en alguna de sus variantes. Discusión: Las medias independientes de las subescalas mostraron valores bajos- medios en contraste con otros estudios que mostraron niveles altos y medios. A diferencia de otros trabajos la Despersonalización fue la más baja de todas. En similitud con otros estudios nuestra muestra denota resultados parecidos de alta tridimensionalidad. No se evidencia relación entre el Burnout y el sexo como ocurre en otros trabajos. Sin embargo, se observa que en discrepancia con otros trabajos es el estado civil soltero donde el Burnout es más tangible.Conclusiones: Un 42,4% de la muestra tiene algún tipo de relación con el Burnout, presentando nivel alto de Burnout un 10,6% y medio-alto un 31,8%. No hay diferencias para sexo, elección de trabajo o turno. Donde más incidencia existe es en SAMUR-PC. Nuevamente son los Enfermeros y los TES los que más Burnout presentan.Palabras clave: Burnout, Enfermería, Urgencias, MBI
Percepción de los profesionales sanitarios del Sistema Sanitario Español que atienden urgencias y/o emergencias en cuanto a la presencia familiar durante su actuación
Authors: Rodríguez Vico Isabel , Rodríguez Vico Carlos , Rodríguez Ingelmo José María
Published: April 2022

Marco teórico: Durante el cuidado a una persona que requiere atención urgente, una práctica habitual de los profesionales sanitarios españoles ha sido la de apartar a la familia del entorno de trabajo. Numerosas son las razones que podrían justificar este acto. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar, mediante un proyecto piloto, la percepción de diversos profesionales pertenecientes al Sistema Sanitario Español que atienden situaciones urgentes y/o emergentes, en lo relativo a la presencia familiar. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal, en el cual se recogen los datos a través de una encuesta dirigida a profesionales sanitarios que trabajan en Atención Primaria, Hospitalaria y Extrahospitalaria. Resultados: Los profesionales apoyan la presencia familiar mayoritariamente durante la venopunción (75.6%), en cambio no lo hacen durante la reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) en el adulto (57.8%) o en el paciente pediátrico (57.8%). De forma mayoritaria consideran que el familiar interfiere en el proceso, generan estrés en el equipo sanitario (71.1%), y debería existir consenso del equipo al respecto (73.3%). Además, observamos diferencias significativas a nivel estadístico en estas respuestas en función de la experiencia en el puesto y la categoría profesional. Conclusiones: Los profesionales sanitarios españoles son más partidarios de permitir la presencia familiar durante la realización de procedimientos invasivos sencillos y más reacios a permitirla durante la RCP. La misma muestra encuestada opina que debería fomentarse la misma y aumentar la concienciación de los profesionales, así como incrementar la informaciónal paciente y familiares sobre los procedimientos que se realizan durante una urgencia y la realización de protocolos que avalen la presencia familiar en este ámbito.Palabras clave: Family presence; Emergency; Healthcare professionals; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Efecto y adecuación del ejercicio para la mejora cardiovascular de la población mayor de 65 años
Authors: PARRA RIZO MARIA ANTONIA
Published: April 2022

Introducción. Los problemas cardiovasculares son una de las primeras causas de muerte en personas mayores de España. Inicialmente, se recomendaba la no práctica de ejercicio ante dicha patología. En la actualidad, la práctica de ejercicio es una de las medidas no farmacológicas recomendadas para las patologías cardiovasculares pero con resultados contradictorios. Objetivo. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir las relaciones entre la patología cardiovascular y la práctica de ejercicio y especificar de qué manera contribuye a la prevención de la patología. Metodología. Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed y CINAHIL, empleando los descriptores “cardiovascular”, “personas mayores”, “ejercicio” de 2013-2018. Resultados. Las aportaciones científicas realizadas ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de poner en práctica esta línea de actuación no farmacológica con evidencias científicas acerca de los beneficios en la patología cardiovascular. En concreto, las evidencias científicas indican la eficacia de la hipotensión post-ejercicio (HPE) en el riesgo cardiovascular. Conclusiones. El mecanismo por el que el ejercicio tanto de resistencia como aeróbico, contribuye a la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares es el control de la tensión. La hipotensión que se produce post ejercicio (HPE), ha demostrado ser eficaz en la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes mayores.
Quality of working life and job satisfaction in health and educational workers. ¿are there differences?
Authors: Rodríguez Jarabo Beatriz
Published: April 2022

La mayoría de los estudios sobre la calidad de vida laboral (WLQ) muestran que la satisfacción laboral (JS) es una de las variables más importantes relacionadas con WLQ. Sin embargo, gran parte de la investigación no define con precisión estos dos conceptos y utiliza indistintamente ambos, o entiende la WLQ como una dimensión / determinante de JS, o la JS como una dimensión / determinante de la WLQ. Los numerosos estudios de la década de 1970 no resuelven estas cuestiones. Por lo tanto, es necesario aclarar la relación entre JS y WLQ, particularmente en empreas de servicios. Para hacerlo, realizamos un estudio transversal para establecer: 1) si las características sociodemográficas y laborales implican diferencias entre JS y WLQ; 2) si hay diferencias entre JS y WLQ y si el sector laboral implica alguna diferencia; y 3) si el JS es un buen predictor del WLQ. Método: 395 trabajadores de la salud y empleados educativos de la provincia de Alicante (España) ingresaron al estudio de forma aleatoria. Utilizamos para la recolección de datos un formulario de información (variables sociodemográficas y de trabajo), la Escala de satisfacción en el trabajo de Font-Roja y el Cuestionario de calidad de vida laboral de Cabezas. Resultados: No hubo diferencias en WLQ ni en JS entre hombres y mujeres. Las mujeres solo se sentían más satisfechas que los hombres en relación con la JS asociada con la carga de trabajo. Tampoco hay diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en WLQ. No se encontraron diferencias en JS entre los trabajadores de salud y los empleados de educación, excepto en el caso de la JS asociada con la Presión Laboral (los trabajadores de salud tenían más JS que los empleados de educación). Estos profesionales de la salud también percibían mejor su WLQ. WLQ y JS estaban positivamente relacionados. Los mejores pronosticadores del WLQ fueron el sexo, el sector laboral, JS total y JS relacionados con la competencia laboral, relacionados con la carga de trabajo y relacionados con la presión laboral. Conclusiones: Hemos obtenido resultados empíricos que permiten afirmar que la JS es un determinante importante (pero no una dimensión) de la WLQ y que estas dos variables no pueden ser confundidas. En ese sentido, este trabajo ayuda a clarificar los conceptos de WLQ y JS y sus relaciones, en el ámbito específico de las empresas de servicios.
Educación sexual en docentes de educación básica de Saltillo, Coahuila
Authors: CERDA GONZÁLEZ DAVID DAMIÁN
Published: April 2022

ntroducción: La educación sexual parte de la educación general que incorpora los conocimientos biopsicosociales de la sexualidad, creando valores y actitudes para vivir la sexualidad de una manera sana, positiva, consciente y responsable. Objetivos: Analizar el conocimiento sobre la educación sexual que tienen los docentes de educación básica, preescolar, primaria y secundaria, de escuelas públicas o privadas de la ciudad de Saltillo, Coahuila. Metodología: El diseño fue cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo no experimental, transversal, con una muestra de 30 docentes de Educación Básica de Saltillo, Coahuila. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de conocimientos sobre sexualidad y educación sexual de Manuel Fallas (2009). Resultados: Se encontró que los docentes carecen de conocimiento acerca de la educación sexual, la sexualidad, la diversidad sexual y las metodologías de enseñanza de la sexualidad. Conclusiones: Debido a la falta de conocimiento de los docentes sobre la sexualidad y la educación sexual, es necesario que se les proporcione una amplia capacitación y a su vez, se requiere una reforma en los Planes de Estudios para la Formación de Maestros de Educación básica, en donde se incluya una materia acerca de la educación en la sexualidad.
Apego y relación de pareja en jóvenes de 18 a 27 años
Authors: Gijón Bolaños Michelle Alexandra , Hernández López Mirtha Adilene , Santiago Camacho Enrique Daniel
Published: April 2022

Es en la infancia que se debe mantener un apego seguro entre cuidador-niño, de ahí se va formando la cercanía física emocional, que garantiza un vínculo psicosocial efectivo. El objetivo es analizar si existe una relación entre el vínculo afectivo con las figuras de apego y la influencia al momento de formar una relación. Metodología: El diseño fue cuantitativo, no experimental, descriptivo, transversal, con una muestra de 61 personas, de la ciudad de Saltillo, Monclova, Piedras Negras, Acuña, Coahuila y Tampico, Tamaulipas. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Apego Adulto. Resultados:Se observó que entre las dimensiones “Resolución hostil” (RH), “Baja autoestima” (BA), “Autosuficiencia” (AS) y “Expresión de sentimientos” (ES), presentan correlación significativa. RH y BA (rho= .639, p= .000), RH y AS (rho= .613, p= .000), AS y BA (rho= .576, p=.492), ES y BA (rho= .325, p= .010), ES y AS (rho= .267, p=.036). Se tomaron dos variables de las dimensiones BA “Tengo confianza en mí mismo” y AS “Prefiero relaciones estables a parejas esporádicas”, mostrando una relación significativa (rho= .365, p=.004).Conclusiones:El apego en la infancia es de suma importancia para poder desarrollar relaciones estables y duraderas, de la misma forma garantiza seguridad e independencia para desenvolverse en su entorno.
In-silico assisted development of supersaturable preconcentrated isotropic mixture of atazanavir for augmenting biopharmaceutical performance in presence of H2-receptor antagonist
Authors: Rana Vikas , Sethi Sheshank
Published: April 2022

The therapeutic potential of atazanavir (BCS Class II drug), a highly selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been largely limited due to its low intrinsic solubility at elevated pH resulting in low oral bioavailability. Thus, the current work describes the systematic development, optimization and evaluation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS) based supersaturable preconcentrate isotropic mixture (SP-IM) containing long chain triglyceride to improve intestinal lymphatic transport and augment oral bioavailability of atazanavir (ATZ). A D-optimal mixture design was employed for optimization of plain IM containing Corn Oil, Oleic acid, Tween 80 and Propylene Glycol, evaluating various critical quality attributes (CQAs) like particle size, PDI, self-emulsification time, % transmittance and drug content. In-silico analysis and in-vitro supersaturation test facilitated the selection of HPMC-AS as a best suited polymeric precipitation inhibitor (PPI) for formulating ATZ loaded SP-IM (ATZ-SP-IM). In-vitro dissolution data indicated that ATZ-SP-IM exhibits superior performance in 0.025N HCl and pH 6.8 over pure drug. Ex-vivo permeation and in-vivo pharmacokinetic study of ATZ-SP-IM corroborated enhanced permeation (2.03 fold) and improved drug absorption via lymphatic transport in wistar rats. Further, the pharmacokinetic performance of ATZ-SP-IM was not affected in presence of H2 receptor antagonist. Therefore, the results showed that ATZ-SP-IM can significantly improve the biopharmaceutical attributes of ATZ so as to lay a foundation of further research on the new dosage form of ATZ.
A rare occurrence of multidrug resistant environmental Acinetobacter baumannii strains from the soil of Mangaluru, India
Authors: Suresh Sarika , Aditya Vankadari , Deekshit Vijaya Kumar , Manipura Radhakrishna , Premanath Ramya
Published: April 2022

Over the last decade, Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the main causes of infections acquired in the hospital setting. Outbreaks associated with this pathogen are caused mainly due to contamination and transmission in hospital territories. However, the natural habitats of A. baumannii of clinical significance still remain unclear. In this study, we highlight the isolation and identification of multidrug resistant environmental strains of A. baumannii from the soil of Mangaluru city. All the recovered isolates were biofilm formers and two isolates were multidrug-resistant and showed resistance to fluoroquinolone, aminoglycosides, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and carbapenems. In addition, they exhibited protease activity, produced phospholipase C and siderophore. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to isolate and identify drug resistant strains of A. baumannii from the soil.
Comparing Modalities for Risk Assessment in Patients with Pulmonary Lesions and Nondiagnostic Bronchoscopy for Suspected Lung Cancer
Authors: Yu Diana H. , Shafiq Majid , Batra Hitesh , Johnson Marla , Griscom Bailey , Chamberlin Janna , Lofaro Lori R. , Huang Jing , Bulman William , Kennedy Giulia C. , Yarmus Lonny B. , Lee Hans J. , Feller-Kopman David
Published: April 2022

Background: Bronchoscopy is commonly utilized for non-surgical sampling of indeterminant pulmonary lesions, but nondiagnostic procedures are common. Accurate assessment of the risk of malignancy is essential for decision making in these patients, yet we lack tools that perform well across this heterogeneous group of patients. We sought to evaluate the accuracy of three previously validated risk models and physician-assessed risk (PAR) in patients with a newly identified lung lesion undergoing bronchoscopy for suspected lung cancer where the result is nondiagnostic.Methods: We performed an analysis of prospective data collected for the Percepta Bronchial Genomic Classifier Multicenter Registry. PAR and three previously validated risk models (Mayo Clinic, Veteran’s Affairs, and Brock) were used to determine the probability of lung cancer (low, intermediate, or high) in 375 patients with pulmonary lesions who underwent bronchoscopy for possible lung cancer with nondiagnostic pathology. Results were compared to the actual adjudicated prevalence of malignancy in each pre-test risk group, determined with a minimum of 12 months follow up after bronchoscopy. Results: PAR and the risk models performed poorly overall in the assessment of risk in this patient population. PAR most closely matched the observed prevalence of malignancy in patients at 12 months after bronchoscopy, but all modalities had a low area under the curve, and in all clinical models more than half of all the lesions labeled as high risk were truly or likely benign. The studied risk model calculators overestimate the risk of malignancy compared to PAR, particularly in the subset in older patients, irregularly bordered nodules, and masses >3cm. Overall, the risk models perform only slightly better when confined to lung nodules < 3cm in this population.Conclusions: The currently available tools for the assessment of risk of malignancy perform suboptimally in patients with nondiagnostic findings following a bronchoscopic evaluation for lung cancer. More accurate, objective tools for risk assessment are needed.Trial registration: not applicable
Mammography-based determination of breast density and its implications for breast cancer risk in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almuhanna Afnan F. , Alqowiez Roaa , Almulhim Fatma , Alshamlan Reem , Alnaimi somyyah Ibrahim , Alzuabi Reem Saad , Alshmas Hajar Ibrahim , Awary Khaled Bassam
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Mammography is the best screening method for the early detection of breast cancer in asymptomatic women; however, its results are associated with high false positive/negative rates. One factor that decreases the sensitivity of mammography-based diagnosis of breast cancer is breast density. This study aimed to identify the association between mammographically determined breast density and breast cancer.METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 2158 female participants in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia who underwent mammography between 2016 and 2018. We evaluated baseline information on breast density and its relationship with breast cancer risk and other factors (age, age at first childbirth, menopause status, and family breast cancer history). Mammogram reports were categorized using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon. RESULTS: The majority (39%) of participants showed scattered fibroglandular density and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 2 (62.5%), while the occurrence of extremely dense breasts was low (4.7%). Breast density was found to be associated with age and menopause status (p < 0.0005). Participants with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System assessment categories 4 (suspicious for malignancy) and 5 (highly suggestive of malignancy) were associated with elevated breast cancer risk (confirmed by biopsy).CONCLUSION: Breast density was not found to be associated with breast cancer risk in this study. However, the proportion of participants with extremely dense breasts was very low (4.7%). Therefore, further studies are warranted with larger sample sizes including extremely dense breasts.
WITHDRAWN: Effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the management of oncological and non-oncological neuropathic pain. A systematic review
Authors: Muñeton Catalina Lopera , Bedoya Silvia Patricia betancur , Bustos Isabel Cristina Angel , Montoya María Guadalupe Vásquez , Toro Sebastián Grajales , Mesa Dionis Vallejo
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) emerges as an innovative alternative for the management of neuropathic pain, rTMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique which induces electrical currents in the nervous tissue of the cortex. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rTMS in the management of oncological and non- oncological neuropathic pain. Methods: The search was performed in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, SCOPUS and LILACS. Inclusion criteria were 1) population: Male and female between 18 and 85 years with oncologic and non-oncologic neuropathic pain; 2) intervention: Treated with Transcranial magnetic stimulation; 3) comparison: Inactive control groups, and parallel active interventions; and 4) outcome: Primary outcome was modulation of pain. Secondary outcomes were quality of life and adverse effects. Risk of bias and quality of study reporting were also assessed. Results: The search found 1116 articles, with 18 articles meeting the PICO criteria. 9 ECAS and 9 observational studies. The total sample was 707 patients, the number of sessions ranges from a single session to 15 sessions, with an average of 3.5 sessions. Follow-up was variable. The Follow-up vary from 7 to 311.8 days, with an average of 45 days. Pain reduction was obtained in the 18 studies. Conclusion: rTMS may be and effective therapeutic option to treat neuropathic pain. We found moderate quality of evidence for pain modulation; for quality of life the results are uncertain to determine changes, due to very low evidence. Additional research effort is needed to reduce bias and improve quality.
Varying severity of symptoms underline the relevance of personalized follow-up care in breast cancer survivors: Latent class cluster analyses in a cross-sectional cohort
Authors: de Ligt Kelly M. , de Rooij Belle H. , Walraven Iris , Heins Marianne J. , Verloop Janneke , Siesling Sabine , Korevaar Joke C , de Poll-Franse Lonneke V. van
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Insights into the severity of co-existing symptoms can help identifying breast cancer survivors in need of symptom management. We aimed to identify subgroups of breast cancer survivors based on patterns of symptom severity, and characteristics associated with these subgroups.
Methods
We selected surgically-treated stage I-III breast cancer survivors 1–5 years post-diagnosis from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (N = 876). We assessed experienced severity of fatigue, nausea, pain, dyspnea, insomnia, appetite, constipation, diarrhea, and emotional and cognitive symptoms through the EORTC-QLQ-C30 Quality of Life Questionnaire on a scale 0-100. We determined subgroups of survivors using Latent class Cluster Analyses (LCA) based on severity of co-existing symptoms and compared their mean severity to the age-matched female reference population to interpret clinical relevance. We assessed subgroup characteristics by multinomial logistic regression analyses.
Results
From 404 respondents (46%), three subgroups of survivors with distinct symptom severity were identified: low severity (n = 116, 28.7%), intermediate severity (n = 224, 55.4%), and high severity (n = 59, 14.6%). The low subgroup reported lower symptom severity than the general population; the intermediate subgroup reported a similar symptom severity, although scores for fatigue, insomnia, and cognitive symptoms were worse (small-medium clinical relevance). The high subgroup had worse symptom severity (medium-large clinical relevance). Compared to the intermediate subgroup, one (RRR:2.75; CI:1.22–6.19; p = 0.015) or more (RRR:9.19; CI:3.70–22.8; p = < 0.001) comorbidities were significantly associated with the high subgroup. We found no associated treatment characteristics.
Conclusion
We identified distinct subgroups of breast cancer survivors based on symptom severity, underlining the relevance of further exploring personalized follow-up strategies.