bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Is a Theorem (in Practice)? The Role of Metamathematics in the Making of Mathematics
Authors: Lavau Sylvain
Published: February 2022

This article advocates the benefits of a sociological perspective for the philosophy of mathematical practice. Drawing from the literature of the sociology of sciences, it defends a community-centered approach of the study of mathematical practice and assesses the role of the notion of metamathematics in mathematical change and in stabilized mathematical practices. It relies on the case study of the emergence of geometric control theory at the beginning of the 1970s and of the citational practices associated to the community of control theory since the mid-1990s. The case study shows that the introduction of geometric tools in control theory at the end of the 1960s induced a change in the metamathematical views that control theorists had on their objects. It is then demonstrated how membership to the community of control theory shapes the production and the reception of the theorems of Stefan, Sussmann and Nagano. Interpreting the historical development and citational practices of this community through the perspective of metamathematics, this paper concludes by discussing the role of the orbit theorem in control theory, both as a cognitive label and as a social marker of membership to this community.
Pensando epistemologías desde el campo
Authors: Sosiuk Ezequiel , Martín-Valdez Emiliano
Published: February 2022

Pestre argumentó una vez que los estudios de laboratorios realizaron una ruptura epistemológica irreversible en el modo en que la ciencia era estudiada y concebida. Este artículo extiende esta idea para pensar problemas epistemológicos desde un espacio considerado históricamente como un sitio de producción de conocimientos degradado: el campo. Basándose en estudios históricos, sociológicos y antropológicos sobre las ciencias de campo, se discutió cómo esta puede complejizar y enriquecer los debates epistemológicos. Para esto se propusieron tres dimensiones epistémicas propias de estas áreas del conocimiento con la intención de ponerlas en relación con problemas relevantes para la filosofía de la ciencia y los estudios de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. En primer lugar, se obtuvo cómo realizar ciencia en el campo implica contextualizar los objetos de conocimiento, en tanto, el trabajo de campo implica operar sobre un terreno no diseñado para investigar. En segundo lugar, se evidenció cómo los científicos de campo producen y movilizan conocimientos para poner bajo control y ordenar su lugar de trabajo. Por último, se señaló cómo las prácticas experimentales toman matices diferenciales en el campo. Al proporcionar estas tres dimensiones específicas de las ciencias de campo, el artículo contribuye al desarrollo ulterior de epistemologías contextualizadas.
The AOA/ACGME Single Accreditation System and Its Immediate and Future Impact on Family Medicine
Authors: Fugazzi Lorraine , Cummings Mark
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) agreed to combine its graduate medical education programs with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) between July 1, 2015 and June 30, 2020 in an initiative called the Single Accreditation System (SAS). The objective of our study was to identify the impact the SAS had on the ACGME, family medicine (FM), and implications for the future of FM.
Methods: We collected and compiled data from the AOA, ACGME, and the National Residency Matching Program (NRMP). Analysis reveals the effects that the addition of former 122 AOA-accredited FM residencies had on the ACGME and FM programs.
Results: Several osteopathic FM programs encountered challenges meeting ACGME accreditation standards. As of June 1, 2020, 89 of 122 accreditation applications received initial or continuing accreditation; the others had accreditation issues to resolve. The Osteopathic Recognition program emphasizing training in osteopathic principles and practices was a popular option in FM residencies. Fewer DOs serve as program directors in former AOA-accredited FM residencies.
Conclusions: The SAS has shifted the balance in the percentages of MDs, DOs, and international medical graduates (IMGs) in FM. Trends in FM show that as more DOs enter the NRMP the percent of MDs and IMGs decreases. In the future, it is projected that DOs will outnumber MDs and IMGs in ACGME FM residencies. The 51 new medical schools started between 2010 and 2020 will generate a test for the integration of their graduates into GME. Increased competition for FM residencies is expected.
Allopatric speciation rather than ecological speciation drives evolution in an Amazonian fish.
Authors: Leroux Nicolas , Sylvain François-Étienne , Normandeau Eric , Holland Aleicia , Val Adalberto Luis , Derome Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Amazonia is characterized by very heterogeneous riverscapes dominated by
two drastically divergent water types: black (ion-poor, dissolved
organic carbonate rich and acidic) and white (nutrient rich and turbid)
waters. Recent phylogeographic and genomic studies have associated the
ecotone formed by these environments to ecologically driven speciation
in fishes. With the objective of better understanding the evolutionary
forces behind the Amazonian Teleostean diversification, we sampled 240
Mesonauta festivus from 12 sites on a wide area of the Amazonian
basin. These sites included three confluences of black and white water
environments to seek for repeated evidences of ecological speciation at
these ecotones. Results obtained through our genetic assessment based on
41,268 SNPs contrast with previous findings and supports a low
structuring power of water types. Conversely, we detected a strong
pattern of isolation by unidirectional downstream water current and
evidence of past events of vicariance potentially linked to the Amazon
River formation. Using a combination of population genetic,
phylogeographic analysis and environmental association models, we
decomposed the spatial variance from the environmental genetic variance
specifically to assess which evolutive forces have shaped
inter-population differences in M. festivus’ genome. Our sampling
design comprising four major Amazonian rivers and three confluences of
black and white water rivers supports the possibility that past studies
potentially confounded ecological speciation with a site effect
unrepresentative of the full Amazonian watershed. While ecological
speciation admittedly played a role in Amazonian fish species
diversification, we argue that neutral evolutionary processes explain
most of the divergence between M. festivus populations.
Pilot study of inflammatory biomarkers in matched induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage from 2-year-olds with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Giacalone Vincent , Giraldo Diego Moncada , Margaroli Camilla , Brown Milton , Silva George , Chandler Joshua , Peng Limin , Tirouvanziam Rabindra , Guglani Lokesh
Published: February 2022

Background: In this pilot study, we investigated whether induced sputum
(IS) could serve as a viable alternative to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
and yield robust inflammatory biomarkers in toddlers with cystic
fibrosis (CF) featuring minimal structural lung disease. Methods: We
collected IS, BAL (right middle lobe and lingula) and blood, and
performed chest computed tomography (CT) scans from 2-year-olds with CF
(N=11), all within a single visit. Inflammatory biomarkers included 20
soluble immune mediators and neutrophil elastase (NE), as well as
frequency and phenotype of T cells, monocytes / macrophages and
neutrophils. Results: At the molecular level, nine mediators showed
similar levels in IS and BAL (CXCL1, CXCL8, IL-1, IL-1RA, IL-6, CCL2,
CXCL10, M-CSF, VEGF-A), four were higher in IS than in BAL (CXCL5,
IL-1, CXCL11, TNFSF10) and two were present in IS but undetectable in
BAL (IL-10, IFN-). Meanwhile, soluble NE had lower activity in IS than
in BAL. At the cellular level, T-cell frequency was lower in IS than in
BAL. Monocytes / macrophages were dominant in IS and BAL with similar
frequencies but differing expression of CD16 (lower in IS), CD115 and
surface-associated NE (higher in IS). Neutrophil frequency and phenotype
did not differ between IS and BAL. Conclusions: IS collected from
2-year-olds with CF yields biomarkers of early airway inflammation with
good agreement with BAL notably with regards to molecular and cellular
outcomes related to neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages.
A survey of Pediatric Flexible bronchoscopy in India
Authors: Jat Kana , Agarwal Sheetal , LODHA RAKESH , Kabra Sushil
Published: February 2022

Background: Pediatric bronchoscopy is an important tool in pediatric
pulmonology. However, the practices involved in the procedure are
variable. Objective: To evaluate prevalent practice and variations in
pediatric flexible bronchoscopy in India. Methods: An online survey
conducted between September 2018 to March 2019 via Google forms. The
survey was sent to members of the Respiratory Chapter of IAP, personal
contacts, and members of Indian Chest Society. Physicians performing
flexible bronchoscopy in children were asked to respond. Survey had 95
questions in seven domains including patient preparation, sedation,
procedural aspects, monitoring, bronchoscope cleaning, and
complications. Results: The survey received 24 (14 in private sector)
complete responses from 14 cities. Pediatric bronchoscopy was mainly
done for diagnostic purposes. Conscious sedation was used by most (19,
79%). Midazolam plus fentanyl 9 (37.5%) was the preferred sedation
regimen. Routine atropine was used by 4 (16%). For topical anaesthesia-
nebulized only, both nebulized and spray as go, and spray as go
lignocaine only was used by 1 (4.2%), 6 (25%), and 17 (71%) centres,
respectively. The methods of providing oxygen during bronchoscopy were
free flow (9,37.5%), nasal prongs (8,33.3%), mask (6,25%), and LMA
(1,4.2%). Therapeutic procedures included removal of mucus plugs (17,
71%), bronchoscopic intubation (11, 45%) and foreign body removal (10,
41%). The suction for BAL included wall mounted suction in maximum (15,
62.5%). The number of aliquots for BAL varied from 2-6 and volume for
each aliquot also varied (1-2 ml/kg or 5-10 ml). The complications rate
of less than 5 % was reported by almost all. Conclusion: There is large
variation in pediatric flexible bronchoscopy practices across the
country highlighting the need to develop a uniform guideline.
Left bundle branch area pacing lead implantation using an uninterrupted monitoring of endocardial signals.
Authors: Jastrzebski Marek
Published: February 2022

An 82-year old woman with third degree atrioventricular block underwent
left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) lead implantation
Isolated aneurysmal disease as an underestimated finding in individuals with JAG1 pathogenic variants.
Authors: Bento Jotte Rodrigues , Krebsová Alice , Gucht Ilse Van , Callejon Irene Valdivia , Berendoncks An Van , Votypka Pavel , Luyckx Ilse , Peldova Petra , Laga Steven , Havelka Marek , Laer Lut Van , Trunecka Pavel , Boeckx Nele , Verstraeten Aline , Macek Milan , Meester Josephina , Loeys Bart
Published: February 2022

Pathogenic variants in JAG1 are known to cause Alagille syndrome
(ALGS), a disorder that primarily affects the liver, lung, kidney and
skeleton. Whereas cardiac symptoms are also frequently observed in ALGS,
thoracic aortic aneurysms have only been reported sporadically in
post-mortem autopsies. We here report two families with segregating
JAG1 variants that present with isolated aneurysmal disease, as
well as the first histological evaluation of aortic aneurysm tissue of a
JAG1 variant carrier. Our observations shed more light on the
pathomechanisms behind aneurysm formation in JAG1 variant
carriers and underline the importance of cardiovascular imaging in the
clinical follow-up of JAG1 variant carrying individuals.
Editorial
Authors: Ivanovic Mirjana , Radovanovic Milos , Kurbalija Vladimir
Published: February 2022

nema
A case of a simple solitary renal cyst in a Shih Tzu
Authors: Gülersoy Erdem , Uzunlu Elgin , Erol Büşra
Published: February 2022

In this report, a clinical case of a solitary renal cyst in a Shih Tzu dog is described. On the basis of clinical and laboratory examinations, and ultrasonographic and radiologic visualizations, provisional and differential diagnoses were made. The Shih Tzu dog described in this report was referred to the Small Animal Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sel?uk University, for further work-up after a one-week treatment in a private veterinary clinic. In our hospital, a simple solitary renal cyst was detected and was treated successfully with ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage. The dog was followed-up during two months? post procedure with renal ultrasonography and four months by phone calls with the owner. The initial complaints such as anorexia and lethargy disappeared after the treatment. The ultrasonographic appearance of the cyst changed from an ovoid anechoic structure into a vague, slightly hyperechoic scar lesion.
Control less, trust more: Parenting and externalising problems of adolescents
Authors: Kovacevic-Lepojevic Marina , Gutvajn Nikoleta , Mentus-Kandic Tatjana
Published: February 2022

Previous research recognises poor parental monitoring, negative parental
upbringing practices and insecure attachment as risk factors of great
importance for understanding externalising problems in adolescence. The aim
of the research is to understand the role that affective attachment to
parents plays in the interpretation of the relationship between parental
monitoring and upbringing practices with externalising problems of
adolescents. A total of 507 adolescents (209 males and 298 females), aged
between 15 to 18 filled the questionnaires. Through the use of structural
equation modelling, trust in parents is revealed as important mediator with
systematic effect that deserves further attention. It is found that trust in
parents, especially in mothers, is a more potent mediator for explaining the
link between positive parenting and parental monitoring with aggressive
behaviour than with rule-breaking behaviour. Results are discussed in the
light of the importance of parent-adolescent relationship for externalising
problems in adolescence.
Nanoparticles: Characterization, Biological Synthesis and Applications
Authors: WA Elkhateeb
Published: February 2022

The development of eco-friendly technologies in material synthesis is of considerable importance to expand their biological applications. Nowadays, a variety of inorganic nanoparticles with well-defined chemical composition, size, and morphology have been synthesized by using different microorganisms. This paper highlights the recent developments of the biosynthesis of inorganic nanoparticles and provides an insight about microbial biosynthesis of nanomaterial by bacteria, yeast and moulds for the manufacturing of sensoristic devices, therapeutic/diagnostic, and industrial applications.
Perspectives into What Will Happen After the End of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: AA Dawood
Published: February 2022

History has proven that there are pandemics and there is little distinction between them in COVID-19. Earlier this year, investigators predicted the inevitability of third and fourth surge which could be greater than the previous. The statistics doubled. In the battle against the pandemic, even countries that played templates have been knocked down. We learned from the pandemic that: Developed nations should send medical teams to underdeveloped areas. It should close down social media websites that encourage users who receive disinformation to punish them. Nations should focus more on public education and awareness programs. Conserve biodiversity at all costs for all countries. Fatal virus experiments should be monitored and performed under stricter.
The Effect Credit Restructuring Relaxation on Financial Performance in LPD Buleleng Regency During the Pandemic of Covid-19
Authors: Nopiyani Putu Eka , Sari Sanjaya Ni Made Wulan , Kartika Riana Dewi
Published: February 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, several Village Credit Institutions (LPD) experienced difficulties in their operations, so doing business would need to make various efforts. The implementation of various programs to support policies related to credit is carried out to maintain the growth of Village Credit Institutions (LPD), one of which is the relaxation of credit restructuring policies for people who have credit at Village Credit Institutions (LPD). This study aims to analyze the effect of the relaxation of credit restructuring on LPD financial performance during the Covid-19 pandemic. The nature of this research is an explanation with quantitative methods to test the causality of these variables. The variables in question are the relaxation of credit restructuring and performance. The total population of this study was 81 LPD. Determination of the sample using random sampling technique to obtain a total sample of 46 LPD. This research data collection uses documentation and questionnaire techniques. The data technique used in this study is a simple linear regression with the help of the SPSS 21 application. The results of this study are a positive analysis credit restructuring regression coefficient of 0.968 which means that each increase in credit restructuring by one unit will lead to an increase in the financial performance of 0.968 with the assumption of independent variables other constant. The results of data analysis showed that credit restructuring partially affected financial performance. The key is that credit restructuring has a significant positive effect on the financial performance of the Buleleng Regency LPD during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Social Stigma in Adolescents Who Do Early Marriage at School Age
Authors: Rahayu Diah , Danny Stefanny Ayu , Ramadhani Novi Rizky , Niarisma Alda
Published: February 2022

Based on the results of a survey about teenage pregnancy of 7 adolescents aged 13-15 who were pregnant before marriage, who were still educated SLTP when pregnancy occurred. Early marriage is the most phenomenal symptom that often invites negative social stigma for society. Based on that, early marriage is an arranged marriage or marriage involving two parties between a man and a woman under the age of 18 years, which will usually give rise to negative stigma from the surrounding environment. Purpose of this study is to know people's views on early marriage and to know the level of social stigma against early marriage. Research method used in this research is qualitative research method, the approach used in this research is phenomenology. The study was conducted in Samarinda and several interviews were conducted in direct interaction with four subjects who had had early marriages in their teens or schools. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling. The study subjects numbered 4 people. The results show factors that led to the subject of B.C. marrying young were due to parental and cultural factors. The factor that causes MAF subjects to have early marriage is the presence of pregnancy factors outside of marriage. RS gets a negative response from the surrounding environment and the factors that cause social stigma in subject RS. are the presence of knowledge and education. The reason AR married young are due to the parental factor.
Effectiveness of Non-Performing Loans Management at the Penglatan Traditional Village Credit Institution (LPD)
Authors: Suardika I Ketut , Dewi Mertyani Sari
Published: February 2022

As a microfinance institution, the LPD, which is finance belonging to the village of Pakraman, aims to collect funds from the community to be further channeled back to the community. Seeing the critical role of the LPD as a micro institution in Bali, the LPD institution with traditional villages, and the government's desire to develop LPD in Bali, the existence of the LPD needs to be maintained and maintained. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of managing Non Performing Loans (NPL) in LPd Desa Adat Penglatan through the Non-Performing Loan Ratio (NPL), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Earning Asset Quality (KAP) and Costs. Operating Operating Income (BOPO). This research was conducted at the Village Credit Institution (LPD) of the Penglatan Traditional Village. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. This study used a population and 36 months or three-year samples using the purposive sampling technique. The collection technique uses an observation process on financial statement data. The techniques used in analyzing the data are Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Classical Assumption Test Analysis, F-Test Analysis (F-Test), Determination Analysis, and T-Test Analysis (T-Test). The results of this study explain that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has a significant negative effect on Non Performing Loans (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Earning Assets Quality (KAP), and Operating Income Operating Costs (BOPO) have a significant influence for Non-Performing Loans (NPL).
Peningkatan Penguasaan Vocabulary Terkait Singular and Plural Noun Melalui Crossword and Puzzle Game pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Lumban Raja Sinde Elisa
Published: February 2022

Permasalahan dalam penguasaan vocabulary pada siswa sangatlah beragam mulai dari kesalahan pada pengejaan, pengucapan, dan pemilihan kata yang tepat dalam menulis maupun berbicara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peningkatan penguasaan vocabulary terkait singular dan plural noun pada peserta didik kleas VIII SMP melalui penerapan crossword and puzzle games dengan bantuan media gambar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kela VIII berjumlah 30 orang dengan rincian 12 orang putra dan dan 18 orang putri. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan nontes. Hasil analisis data nilai rata-rata tes vocabulary siswa pada siklus I yaitu sebesar 69,00 dan nilai rata-rata tes vocabulary siswa pada siklus II yaitu sebesar 89,00. Siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebesar  20,00. Jadi, hasil belajar siswa pada penguasaan vocabulary terkait singular and plural noun melalui penerapan crossword and puzzle games pada siswa kelas VIII SMP meningkat. Implikasi penelitian diharapkan guru bahasa Inggris untuk mengaplikasikan crossword and puzzle games dengan bantuan media gambar karena dapat meningkatkan penguasaan vocabulary terkait singular and plural noun.
Model Pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT) sebagai Upaya untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Widiani Ni Luh
Published: February 2022

Rendahnya prestasi belajar siswa disebabkan oleh proses pembelajaran yang belum maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT) sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas V SD. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes. Analisis data yang diperoleh menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Data yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini terdiri dari data awal, data siklus I ,dan data siklus II. Dari data awal diperoleh rata-rata kelas baru mencapai 47,5 dan ketuntasan belajarnya baru mencapai 27%. Data ini jauh di bawah harapan mengingat KKM mata pelajaran Matematika di sekolah ini adalah 67.  Pada siklus I sudah terjadi peningkatan yaitu rata-rata kelasnya mencapai 67,8 dan persentase ketuntasan belajar baru mencapai 59%. Pada siklus II perolehan rata-rata kelas sudah mencapai 72,2 dan persentase ketuntasan belajar sudah 86%. Data pada siklus II ini sudah sesuai dengan harapan sebagai akibat diterapkannya model pembelajaran yang bersifat konstruktivis. Jadi, model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NTH) dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT).
The Use of Dictogloss to Teach Writing in Junior High School
Authors: Sugondo Axel Valentino , Utami IGA Lokita Purnamika , Hadisaputra I Nyoman Pasek
Published: February 2022

Kondisi yang terjadi di dalam kelas adalah siswa sulit untuk menulis paragraf sederhana dalam bahasa Inggris melalui teknik menghafal. Siswa mudah lupa dan sulit menyusun poin-poin penting dalam proses menulis dengan teknik menghafal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan dictogloss dalam meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis dan menyusun ide, khususnya dalam menulis teks deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Hal ini dilakukan untuk melihat peningkatan kemampuan menulis teks deskriptif siswa menggunakan dictogloss dalam proses pembelajaran. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan instrumen tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik dictogloss memotivasi siswa untuk memiliki ide yang lebih luas untuk menulis teks deskriptif mereka. Dengan meminta siswa mengerjakan tugas dalam kelompok, mereka senang menyelesaikan tugas secara bersama-sama. Mereka juga lebih baik dalam tugas individu ketika mereka mencoba mengembangkan paragraf mereka. Meskipun komponen menulis mereka masih belum cukup baik, hasil menulis mereka meningkat dari tes pra-penilaian ke tes akhir siklus. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, dictogloss dapat menjadi panduan yang berguna untuk membantu siswa lebih lancar dalam menulis ide-ide mereka. Ini adalah teknik guru membacakan teks pendek kepada siswa dan siswa hanya mendengarkan. Kemudian, guru membacakan kembali teks tersebut untuk kedua kalinya dan siswa menuliskan kata kunci teks tersebut di kertas mereka, kemudian siswa membuat paragraf lengkap berdasarkan kata kuncinya.
Atlas DP2d untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Biologi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Tirtawati Ni Luh Ratna
Published: February 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan banyak pengaruh dalam dunia Pendidikan, salah satunya adalah guru kesulitan dalam mengontrol dan menjaga suasana belajar karena terbatas dalam ruang virtual, konsentrasi dari rumah dan disekolah tentu akan berbeda. Hal ini menyebabkan hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis atlas DP2D (Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Daring) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar biologi di masa pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 34 Orang siswa dengan rincian 18 Orang peserta didik Perempuan dan 16 Orang peserta didik laki-laki. Metode pengumplan data menggunakan tes melalui aplikasi quizizz. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk hasil belajar biologi mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Dari 30 soal objektif yang diberikan sebagai alat ukur hasil belajar diperoleh Rata-rata Accuracy nilai, yaitu dari 75,47% pada siklus I menjadi 79,09% pada siklus II. Perolehan Accuracy Tertinggi untuk siklus I yaitu 90 % dan II yaitu 100 %. Perolehan Accuracy terendah dari 40% pada siklus I menjadi 60% pada siklus II. Sedangkan untuk persentase ketuntasan peserta didik dari 58,82% pada siklus I menjadi 85,29%. Ketuntasan klasikal di siklus I belum tercapai dan baru tercapai di siklus II dengan ketentuan ketuntasan klasikal adalah 85%. Maka, atlas DP2D (Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Daring) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Biologi di masa pandemi Covid-19.
Implementation and Evaluation of Teachers’ Performance Supervision at Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High School)
Authors: Tambrin Muhammad , Wasliman Iim , Hanafiah Hanafiah , Mudrikah Achmad
Published: February 2022

Observing the quality of education should include teachers as the frontline in education. Even a good curriculum and program will be meaningless if the teacher does not implement it responsibly and consistently. This study aims to analyze teacher performance supervision programs, organize teacher performance supervision programs, movement and leadership supervision of teacher performance, control the effectiveness of teacher performance supervision, and creative and innovative ideas in realizing the effectiveness of teacher performance supervision. This research uses a qualitative approach with the Case Study method. The method used to collect data is interviews, observation, and documentation. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. Research subjects or research respondents were selected purposively. The technique used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this study are, first, the planning program has not been implemented effectively due to the problem of limited resources. Second, the implementation of supervision has not been carried out optimally. Third, the movement and leadership went relatively well; however, improvements are still needed in the managerial aspects of leadership. Fourth, controlling the effectiveness of teacher performance supervision is carried out in stages. Fifth, creative and innovative ideas emphasize strengthening supervision of teacher performance in Madrasah Aliyah education units and e-Kinerja applications. In addition, the implementation and evaluation of teacher performance supervision have been carried out by the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) issued by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. However, the results are still not practical due to various resource constraints.
Responsibility Attitudes Assessment Instrument for Integrated Thematic Learning of Grade III
Authors: Radia Elvira Hoesein , Wulandari Aulia Ika
Published: February 2022

Lack of assessment instruments and responsibilities in integrated thematic learning for grade III elementary schools. The teacher only observes students' attitudes so that they do not have a complete and valid picture. Based on these findings, the research objective of this study was to produce an assessment of the attitude of responsibility for integrated thematic learning theme 4 sub-theme 1 learning 5 grade III elementary school. This type of research is development research that refers to the theory of Borg and Gall by applying the ADDIE development model. The population of this research is third-grade students. The sample was determined using a random sampling technique with a selection of 23 students. The data collection technique used is an instrument in the form of a questionnaire using a Likert scale. The results showed that the social attitude instrument obtained data from 30 (thirty) statement items. The reliability of the integrated thematic learning responsibility assessment instrument theme 4 sub-theme 1 learning 5 grade III elementary school shows α = 0.759 then the instrument is in the reliable category. The instrument's validity level shows the lowest rcount is 0.411, has a Pearson Correlation XTot ≥ 0,3961  so that the instrument is categorized as valid and feasible to use. By using this assessment instrument, teachers can describe and measure students' attitudes of responsibility. In addition, teachers also assess to consistently assess the standard of student attitudes in the learning process and finding an accurate picture of student attitudes will provide feedback to students.
Literacy Questions Based on Hots Using Context Covid-19
Authors: Puspitasari Linda , Alwi Zahra , Suhardi Suhardi , Zulkardi Zulkardi
Published: February 2022

The emergence of problems in HOTS-based literacy is due to the teacher's lack of understanding in developing questions. Teachers must prepare students who can integrate 21st-century skills into their learning process. The average PISA 2018 score experienced a decline in three competency areas with the most significant reduction in reading. It will have an impact on the low ability of students. This research aims to develop questions based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). This type of research is development. The method used in this research is research and development. The data collection used is literature study techniques, questionnaires, focus group discussions, and one-to-one tests. The data obtained from the study are in the form of curriculum reviews and literature related to PISA, reasoning, HOTS questions, and digital learning media in the format of websites/youtube. The data obtained from interviews, questionnaires, and group discussions focused on qualitative and quantitative descriptive. The result of the research is that the prototype produced 1 HOTS-based literacy question that follows the PISA standard. High-ability students answered question number 6, got 9. Students with moderate ability responded to questions number 6 and 10, got a score of 8. Low-ability students who responded to questions number 4 and 10 got a score of 8. The average score obtained by three students (from the high group, medium, and low) was 83.3. They were included in the very good category based on the criteria given in the method section. It can be said that HOTS-based literacy can improve students' abilities.
Teaching Materials Needs: Student Worksheets in Exposition Text Learning
Authors: Sagitari Wulanti , Purnomo Mulyadi Eko , Ernalida Ernalida
Published: February 2022

Indonesian language teachers in schools lack teaching materials. Even teachers don't have HOTS-oriented open materials. It will impact students who have difficulty in learning because they do not have learning resources. Professional educators must be able to develop teaching materials to address the learning objectives of the 2013 Curriculum in any learning situation. The readiness of teachers to carry out the teaching and learning process can be assisted by applying teaching materials that are by the 2013 curriculum. This study aims to conduct a needs analysis survey from various research and development stages to develop and validate products and determine appropriate teaching materials. The stages of research and development are applied from the learning process, analysis of targeted learning outcomes, and analysis of students and their needs. The research subjects consisted of class X students with a population of 185 students and 2 Indonesian language teachers. The number of samples is 28 students, or 15% of the population. The first data collection technique is a questionnaire of student needs and interviews. Based on the findings and discussion, the LKS recommended by researchers is the exposition LKS with a scientific plus approach. Students can practice it and find accurate information for the exposition text with this worksheet. On the other hand, teachers can also unite and facilitate students to construct their knowledge of the text.
Mobile Learning with STEM Approach in Physics Learning
Authors: Asmiliyah Asmiliyah , Khaerudin Khaerudin , Solihatin Etin
Published: February 2022

Most of the physics done in schools is more about learning on knowledge and understanding of the material, without developing problem-solving skills and applying concepts in real-life contexts. Students still often use the plug & chug and memory-based approach in solving physical problems. It causes students to be able to solve simple quantitative issues but cannot solve more complex issues. This study aims to produce mobile learning with a feasible and practical STEM approach for physics lessons. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) using the Alessi and Trollip model. The model consists of three stages of development, namely planning, design, and development. The methods used to collect data are interviews and questionnaires. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The technique used to analyze the information is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. Based on trials conducted by learning design experts, media experts, and materials experts and direct effectiveness tests using products with tangible goals. It was found that mobile learning applications with a STEM approach were feasible and effective in physical learning. Combining STEM approaches and problem-based learning models with mobile learning can be one of the suitable lessons for making. This study indicates that the development of cross-platform mobile learning applications with a STEM approach is feasible and effective in learning physics.
Media Puzzle Berbantu Augmented Reality pada Muatan Pelajaran IPA Tema Ekosistem
Authors: Nirwanto Bambang Getty , Murtono Murtono , Fathurrohman Irfai
Published: February 2022

Terbatasnya ketersediaan ragam media pembelajaran yang mengombinasikan media permainan dan teknologi informasi untuk materi ekosistem pada muatan pelajaran IPA kelas V sekolah dasar menyebabkan siswa kurang antusias dalam proses pembelajaran dan siswa kurang memahami materi sehingga tujuan pembelajaran belum tercapai maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran puzzle berbantu Augmented Reality pada muatan pelajaran IPA tema ekosistem. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) mengacu pada teori Borg and Gall dengan sepuluh tahapan. Subyek penelitian yakni ahli media, ahli materi, siswa, dan guru kelas V sekolah dasar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut. (1) Hasil uji validasi ahli media sebesar 87,5%, dengan kategori valid; (2) Hasil uji validasi ahli materi mendapatkan persentase sebesar 87,5%, dengan kategori valid. Hasil respon guru memperoleh skor 406 dan persentase 93,9% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil respon siswa memperoleh skor 1305 dan persentase 93,2% dengan kategori sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media puzzle berbantu Augmented Reality pada muatan pelajaran IPA tema ekosistem valid dan layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar pada muatan pelajaran IPA tema ekosistem kelas V sekolah dasar. Media puzzle berbantu Augmented Reality dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran, sehingga tercipta pembelajaran yang kondusif dan menyenangkan.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Video Animasi Berbasis ADDIE pada Pembelajaran Tema 5 Cuaca untuk Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Izzaturahma Elza , Mahadewi Luh Putu Putrini , Simamora Alexander Hamonangan
Published: February 2022

Rumusan masalah dan tujuan penelitian yaitu mendeskripsikan rancang bangun media video animasi pada pelajaran tema 5 cuaca untuk siswa kelas III semester ganjil di sekolah dasar dan mendeskripsikan validitas media video animasi pada pelajaran tema 5 cuaca untuk siswa kelas III semester ganjil di sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini yaiatu kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Model penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu satu ahli desain pembelajaran, satu ahli media pembelajaran, satu ahli isi pembelajaran, tiga orang siswa uji coba perorangan, dan sembilan orang siswa uji coba kelompok kecil. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pencatatan dokumentasi, metode wawancara, metode observasi, dan metode kuesioner. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar pencatatan dokumen, lembar kuesioner, dan lembar wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian pada tujuan penelitian yang pertama yaitu rancang bangun media video animasi dengan menggunakan tahap pengembangan ADDIE. Pada tujuan penelitian yang kedua dengan melihat hasil validitas menyimpulkan bahwa pada hasil oleh uji ahli desain pembelajaran dengan skor 88% dengan kualifikasi baik, uji ahli media pembelajaran dengan skor 95% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, uji ahli isi pembelajaran dengan skor 94% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, uji coba perorangan dengan skor 93,34% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, dan uji coba kelompok kecil dengan skor 92,94% deangan kualifikasi sangat baik.
Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android pada Mata Pelajaran Perawatan Wajah, Badan (Body Massage) dan Waxing di SMK
Authors: Abiyoga Bayu , Rahmiati Rahmiati
Published: February 2022

Permasalahan yang sering terjadi di lapangan adalah kurangnya sarana prasarana penunjang peserta didik dalam proses belajar mandiri dan belum tersediannya aplikasi yang dapat diakses dan daring di kelas XI SMK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk berupa media pembelajaran berbasis Android yang valid, praktis, dan efektif pada mata pelajaran perawatan wajah, badan (body massage), dan waxing. Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Android menggunakan metode penelitian R&D dengan prosedur pengembangan 4D (define, design, development, dan deseminate). Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis Android dengan hasil uji ahli media diperoleh rata rata 89% dengan kategori valid. Hasil uji ahli materi diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 91% dengan kategori valid. Hasil uji angket praktikalitas guru diperoleh rata-rata 94,44 dengan kategori sangat praktis. Hasil uji angket praktikalitas peserta didik diperoleh rata-rata 76,54% dengan kategori praktis. Berdasarkan hasil temuan penelitian di atas di simpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis Android ini valid, praktis dan efektif untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran perawatan wajah, badan (body massage), dan waxing di SMK. Diharapkan kepada guru agar lebih inovatif dan kreatif mempergunakan media pembelajaran.
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Daring Berbantuan Video Tutorial pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Arke I Gede , Wijaya Made Agus , Parta Lesmana Kadek Yogi
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui keterlaksanaan pembelajaran daring berbantuan video tutorial. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu  deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitatif dengan jenis  survei. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner berbantuan goggle form. Tehnik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlaksanaan pembelajaran daring berbantuan video tutorial yaitu sebanyak 31 orang (44,3%) siswa  masuk dalam kategori sangat baik, 35 orang (50%) siswa masuk dalam kategori baik, 4 orang (5,7%) siswa masuk dalam kategori cukup baik, dan tidak terdapat peserta siswa kategori kurang dan tidak baik. Berdasarkan Analisa data dan pembahasan, simpulan penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring berbantuan video tutorial menurut pendapat siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja termasuk pada kategori baik, dengan rata-rata skor 76,7, hal ini diperkuat dengan hasil wawancara peserta didik merasa termotivasi dan mudah dalam memahami materi pembelajaran dengan video tutorial. Disarankan kepada guru PJOK untuk mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berbantuan video tutorial.
Analisis Hasil Pengukuran Antropometri pada Atlet Cabang Olahraga Sepak Bola
Authors: Rusiawati Ria Tri Harini Dwi , Wijana I Ketut
Published: February 2022

Manusia membutuhkan aktivitas fisik dalam upaya meningkatkan kebugaran dan kesehatan tubuhnya, termasuk melalui olah raga. Salah satu cabang olahraga yang banyak diminati adalah sepakbola. Pemain sepakbola harus memiliki bentuk tubuh yang ideal dan proporsional, namun sayangnya, ukuran tubuh proporsional kurang menjadi perhatian pemain maupun pelatih. Proporsi tubuh yang ideal akan memudahkan gerak dan gerakan-gerakan yang dihasilkan juga lebih terarah. Untuk mengukurnya dapat digunakan pengukuran antropometri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa hasil pengukuran antropometri atlet cabang olahraga sepakbola. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kuantitatif sederhana dengan sampel 20 orang atlet sepakbola. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data primer melalui pengukuran terhadap karakteristik antropomeri responden berupa Berat Badan (BB) dan Tinggi Badan (TB) dan kekuatan otot tungkai, disamping itu juga data mengenai umur responden. Hasil pengukuran dianalisis dengan perhitungan persentil X = ∑X/N, dengan indikator yang diukur adalah TB, BB, IMT, umur, dan kekuatan otot tungkai. Hasil yang diperoleh, TB rata-rata atlet adalah ideal, rata-rata BB adalah ideal, rata-rata kekuatan otot tungkai termasuk dalam katagori cukup dan rata-rata indeks massa tubuh masuk dalam katagori normal. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi fisik atlet cabang olahraga sepakbola Kabupaten Karangasem baik, harus dipertahankan bila perlu ditingkatkan.
ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA DALAM MEMPELAJARI KIMIA KELAS XI
Authors: Priliyanti Anggi , Muderawan I Wayan , Maryam Siti
Published: February 2022

Ilmu kimia menjadi salah satu ilmu yang dianggap sulit oleh siswa sekolah menengah atas.Masih terdapat banyak siswa yang tidak mampu memahami konsep kimia dengan baik, hanya saja permasalahan-permasalahan yang dialami oleh siswa tersebut tidak sepenuhnya diketahui oleh tenaga pendidik.Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan kesulitan belajar serta faktor-faktor kesulitan belajar kimia yang dialami siswa SMA.Subjek penelitian ini adalah 44 orang siswa dari seluruh kelas XII MIA dan 1 orang guru kimia.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah fenomenologi dan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif.Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara studi dokumen, observasi, kuesioner, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa tergolong sedikit sulit dengan persentase sebesar 43%, tergolong cukup sulit dengan persentase 48%, dan yang tergolong sulit dengan persentase sebesar 9%, dan faktor internal penyebab kesulitan belajar meliputi pemahaman terhadap materi kimia, kemampuan matematika rendah, dan kurangnya motivasi belajar kimia. Faktor eksternal penyebab kesulitan belajar meliputi metode mengajar yang diterapkan guru, pengaruh negatif teman sebaya, keadaan dan waktu pembelajaran yang kurang kondusif.
Pengaruh Faktor Keuangan dan Karakteristik Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Financial Distress (Studi Empiris Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Aceh Tahun 2015-2019)
Authors: Zakia Rahima , Setiawan Mia Angelina
Published: February 2022

This study is a quantitative research that aims to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of financial factors (effectiveness ratio, efficiency ratio, solvency ratio and growth ratio) and characteristics of local government (decentralization degree, complexity of local government, area size and audit opinion) on local government financial distress in districts and cities in Aceh Province for the period 2015-2019 for 5 years. The data was obtained from the BPK and BPS. This research used a total sampling method with total sample of 23 districts / cities and used binary logistic regression analysis for analysis of the data. The value of desentralization degree and complexity of local government has a negative and significant effect on financial distress and the value of growth ratio has a positive and significant effect on financial distress. While the value of solvency ratio and area size has no significant effect and positive on financial distress and the value of effectiveness ratio, efficiency ratio and audit opinion has no significant effect and negative on financial distress.
Pengaruh Pengendalian Internal, Moralitas Individu dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kecenderungan Kecurangan Akuntansi Pemerintah Desa
Authors: Nurjanah Ike Abdi , Setiawan Mia Angelina
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of internal control, individual morality, and organizational culture on the tendency of accounting fraud. The population in this study were 51 villages in Dharmasraya Regency. The sampling method used is the total sampling method. Total sampling is a sampling technique where the number of samples is the same as the population. In this study, the data source used is the primary data source. Data collection techniques in this study using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that internal control and organizational culture have no effect on the tendency of accounting fraud and individual morality has a positive and significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud.