bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN AB INITIO INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF Co, Ru, W, Ta ON THE STABILITY AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF Ni–BASE SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS
Authors:   Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, PR China, LIU J. , DU X. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, PR China, LI J. ,   Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
Published: February 2023

A first principles calculation method was used to investigate the site preference of Co, Ru, W, Ta at the '/ interface in Ni-based single-crystal superalloys. The calculation results show that the addition of Co, Ru, W and Ta can decrease the total energy and the binding energy of '/ interface, which may result in an improved microstructure stability of Ni-based single-crystal superalloys. Cr atom prefers to occupy a Ni site in  phase, while Ru, W and Ta atoms prefer to occupy Al sites in ' phase. It is found that the electronic bonding mechanism of '/ interface with the doped alloying elements can be summarized as the combination of d-d hybridization between Co-3d, d-p hybridization among Ru-4d, W-5d, Ta-5d orbits located at Al4 site in ' phase and Al-3p orbits and the electron charge transfers from Cr, Ru, W and Ta to Ni sites. The enhanced chemical bondings between alloying atoms and their neighbor host atoms are considered to be the main strengthening mechanism of the alloying elements in '/ interface of Ni-based single-crystal superalloys.
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSING OF H2O2 BY HYDROTHERMALLY SYNTHESIZED PURE COPPER OXIDE MATERIALS
Authors:   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, MAZHAR M. E. , ASIF R. ,   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, WAHEED A. ,   Department of Geotechnical Engineering, MCE (NUST), Risalpur, Pakistan, AHMAD J. ,   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, USMANI M. N. ,   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, SYED I. ,   Department of Computer Science, The Superior College Lahore, Pakistan, KHAN H. M. ,   Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan, AHMAD I. ,   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, NAZ R. ,   School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jao Tong University, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China, AHMAD S. ,   Department of Building and Architectural Engineering, UCE&T, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Pakistan, ABBAS W. ,   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, MAHMOOD M. ,   Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Published: February 2023

We report the variations in structural and morphological properties of hydrothermally synthesized pure CuO materials,prepared by employing three different stochiometric concentrations of reagents (details given in experimental section), followed by autoclaving at different temperatures e. g. 160oC and 180oC for 6 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the presence of single (monoclinic: CuO) and mixed (monoclinic as well as cubic Cu2O) phases of copper oxide and cupric oxide respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images reveal irregular distribution of particles having non-uniform grain shapes of all prepared materials except for the one having pure monoclinic structure. Most of the materials had comparable morphologies whereby sharp edges and flat surfaces of particle were observed. The particle size was ranging between 2µm to 4µm. One of the samples (having pure monoclinic structure) was further characterized for dc-electrical conductivity followed by electrochemical detection of H2O2. Results show appreciable ability of the material towards H2O2detection for concentrations as low as 2mM.
Factors determining the motivation of non-linguistic students in online and offline foreign language learning
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Mukhina Yulia Nikolaevna , Kovalchuk Svetlana Sergeevna ,   Tyumen State University
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The article investigates the specifics of traditional and distance learning for undergraduate and postgraduate non-linguistic students learning a foreign language. The authors focus on the types of motivation and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) as an effective way to increase students' interest in learning a foreign language. The purpose of the article is to identify the factors influencing the motivation of full-time and part-time non-linguistic students in online and offline foreign language learning. Materials and Methods. The authors used theoretical (analysis, comparison) and empirical (observation, questionnaire, quasi-experiment) research methods to achieve the purpose and verify the hypotheses. The observed experimental groups of students answered a set of questions from a questionnaire in Microsoft Forms. The survey was divided into units devoted to the use of ICT for non-academic purposes and for English language learning purposes, as well as a range of factors that may determine students' motivation. Results. The study revealed intrinsically and extrinsically motivated students in the experimental groups. The research findings showed that full-time undergraduate and postgraduate students found it more difficult to study online and their learning outcomes were significantly lower compared to part-time students. Nevertheless, the authors noted that part-time students preferred traditional foreign language learning. It was more difficult for them to concentrate on learning English at home than in the classroom. ICT in foreign language learning confirmed its effectiveness in acquiring and developing knowledge and communicative skills for full-time students due to durable application. Conclusions. The article concludes that different types of motivation are characteristic for part-time and full-time postgraduate and undergraduate students. Students’ motivation depends on a set of positive and negative factors affecting the learning process. Online learning is more effective for senior part-time students than for traditional part-time student population. The effectiveness of ICT is in direct correlation with the duration of use, so full-time students have a time advantage.
The use of educational technologies for the development of students’ axiological potential (based on studying the ethnoculture of the Crimea)
Authors:   Black Sea Higher Naval School, Zakiryanova Irina Aksanovna , Mikhaylova Alla Grigorevna ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The article presents a study on the problem of designing educational activities that contribute to spiritual, moral and patriotic education of the younger generation, aimed at preserving culture, historical memory, and continuity of generations. The purpose of the research is to uncover and prove the capacity of student-centered technologies for the development of students' axiological potential during the study of Crimean ethnoculture. Materials and Methods. The study follows the axiological approach, from which the assessment of the educational capacity of the Crimean ethnoculture for spiritual and moral formation of the individual was made. Psychodiagnostic techniques were used to assess students' understanding of the main indicators of spiritual and moral development. The sample consisted of 1st and 2nd year undergraduate students of the Polytechnic Institute of Sevastopol State University, majoring in Technosphere safety. Results. The article reviews the research on the issues of spiritual and moral education in modern conditions and the problem of developing the axiological potential of the future professional. It should be noted that in modern conditions the problem of creating important life values (citizenship and patriotism, spirituality and morality, respect) are strategic priorities of social development. The authors emphasize that the self-understanding of a person as part of their nation and the formation of historical memory are based on the development of ethnoculture. This study substantiates that the Crimean region is a special socio-cultural platform favorable for the education of new generations on the basis of its specificity, contained in the ethno-cultural heritage. The authors argue that the educational environment of the university, including the use of student-centered technologies, ensures the development of individual’s axiological potential (realizing life purposes, moral meanings and sources of spiritual development). Conclusions. The authors come to the conclusion that developing axiological potential of students on the basis of studying Crimean ethnoculture contributes to the formation of a humanistically oriented personality, ready for intercultural dialogue, open to interaction and cooperation with people of different nationalities and faiths in the single multicultural ethnic society.
Los criptoactivos como medio de pago para la obtención de un nuevo mundo inteligente. Las criptomonedas y el metaverso
Authors: Guerrero Herrera Luis Hernán
Published: February 2023

Los criptoactivos se volvieron uno de los mecanismos principales en la economía del sistema digital, puesto que se encuentra inmerso en innovadores temas como lo son los NFT y el metaverso, entendiéndose como un conjunto de elementos para generar una nueva vida digital. Estos son una reacción en cadena, puesto que con los criptoactivos se compran los NFT y con estos se ingresa al metaverso; entonces se podría decir que las criptomonedas se convirtieron en un sistema económico esencial para el desarrollo de nuevos proyectos que tengan vinculado las nuevas tecnologías.

Actualmente se busca una sostenibilidad y desarrollo legal de estos mecanismos digitales, encaminados a cambiar en todas sus presentaciones el modelo de vida actual, además de que incorpora a toda la población sin discriminación alguna, generando un nuevo modelo de vida

que va más acorde a los avances tecnológicos, pues reúne la economía, la interacción, la salud, trabajo y otros factores en un nuevo entorno digital.
Economía rural ilegal e impacto financiero local de los actores armados en el Guaviare
Authors: Rincón Villamil Anderson Felipe
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se aborda la temática del narcotráfico, la cual ha tenido un impacto tanto en los niveles sociales como financiero de la nación, en concreto, y en el departamento del Guaviare. En el Guaviare existen muchas ventajas y desventajas al respecto de esta situación como el descontento de los campesinos cocaleros por los programas de sustitución de cultivos, el auge de nuevo de la violencia representado en el daño público a la infraestructura, pago por secuestro, carreteras, entre otros. Además, el estado actual de los grupos paramilitares en la región no solo ha llevado a un fuerte retroceso social en materia de seguridad, sino al fortalecimiento sin límites del mercado del narcotráfico a causa de la necesidad y la presión que ejercen estos grupos en la población. En conclusión, se detalla el fenómeno en relación al narcotráfico en el Guaviare.
Desafíos financieros de la deforestación en la Orinoquia y la Amazonia colombianas
Authors: Quintero Rodríguez Carlos Andrés
Published: February 2023

En este escrito se describe y se analiza la deforestación en Colombia desde el sector financiero y todos los cambios que ha traído a la economía colombiana. Se realiza un análisis de los desafíos financieros para las empresas en este ámbito, los problemas sociales que arraigan al mismo factor y a los proyectos que se implementan para disminuir la deforestación.
La brecha social como resultado de la corrupción: una mirada al municipio Paratebueno (Cundinamarca)
Authors: Vanegas Ruiz Jhency Yuliana
Published: February 2023

En la actualidad, son muchos los países que luchan contra el delito del enriquecimiento ilícito en funcionarios públicos sobre todo cuando esto se relaciona con la corrupción; así pues, este artículo, desde una postura crítica, aborda la corrupción como una problemática que amplía la brecha social en términos de desigualdad y calidad en el sistema educativo. A partir de esto, se puede decir que Colombia es un país que no está exento de esta problemática, por ello, se analiza el caso de Paratebueno (Cundinamarca), donde se identifican posibles consecuencias de la corrupción, como las condiciones de atraso y subdesarrollo social y económico en el municipio, desde una reflexión que permita comprender este problema social.
Metodologías jurídicas feministas para el abordaje del reto demográfico
Authors: Soriano Moreno Silvia
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo parte de la reciente atención política, institucional y normativa al conocido como reto demográfico. Los instrumentos marco de esta cuestión abogan por la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en las políticas y programas que se desarrollen. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar un correcto análisis de los textos y de la realidad para poder evaluar si esta perspectiva se está incorporando adecuadamente. Para ello, se recogen dos propuestas metodológicas desarrolladas desde los feminismos jurídicos —las realizadas por Alda Facio y Katharine Bartlett—, con el objetivo de que esta metodología permita realizar el análisis necesario. Por otra parte, se hace referencia al desarrollo del conocido como rural proofing, orientado a la incorporación de la perspectiva territorial en todas las políticas públicas de manera transversal. Seguidamente, y a modo de ejemplo, se analizará un reciente instrumento normativo sobre reto demográfico para comprobar la incorporación de la perspectiva de género, así como se recogerá el análisis de la legislación en materia de igualdad y/o violencia de género de las comunidades aut´onomas para observar si se ha tenido en cuenta la realidad de las mujeres que residen en zonas rurales.
Estas metodologías jurídicas requieren un abordaje multidisciplinar de las realidades que se pretende regular con el objetivo de conocer los problemas y analizar la eficacia y las resistencias en su implementación. A modo de ejemplo, se recoge la metodología utilizada en una investigación específica sobre los derechos de las mujeres de las zonas rurales y poco pobladas de Extremadura.
Las conclusiones reconocen el esfuerzo realizado en la legislación analizada, pero pone de manifiesto considerables limitaciones y problemas. Además, reivindican que la incorporaci´ón de estas perspectivas en las normas debe realizarse mediante metodologías novedosas para el ámbito jurídico, y siempre a partir de conocimientos teóricos y datos empíricos adecuados.
La invisibilidad de los cuidados en el medio rural y posibles soluciones desde la fiscalidad de género: cuestiones metodológicas
Authors: Diaz Calvarro Julia
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo ahondará en la metodología utilizada en la investigación sobre los cuidados de larga duración desde el Derecho y más concretamente, desde el Derecho Financiero y Tributario desarrollados dentro de un proyecto titulado “Igualdad de género en el entorno rural y municipal de Extremadura: diagnostico y propuestas” que además, planteaba otros temas que afectaban al bienestar y a la vida de las mujeres rurales en Extremadura como la violencia de género, la independencia económica, el transporte, la participación política, etc.

 El ámbito de los cuidados en el medio rural extremeño, tanto desde el punto de vista de las mujeres proveedoras de cuidado como de las mujeres receptoras de cuidados: mujeres con discapacidad, en situación de dependencia y de la tercera y cuarta edad, está profundamente feminizado y demanda no solo una metodología adecuada a la investigación jurídica, sino que exige la introducción de la perspectiva de género. El diseño de la metodología debe adecuarse, en este caso, a una investigación jurídica de corte transversal y puede tener carácter mixto si así lo consideran los investigadoras y las investigadoras del proyecto y si así lo plantea la investigación para conseguir los objetivos planteados.

Previo a la descripción de la metodología utilizada y de los instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos utilizados, valorando en cada caso su pertinencia, así como los aspectos positivos, los negativos y los obstáculos que se han superado, se hará una reflexión más teórica sobre la metodología aplicable a la ciencia jurídica, donde se prestará una especial atención a la inclusión de la metodología de género en la investigación jurídica.

Se concluirá con unas reflexiones a modo de conclusión sobre el análisis efectuado, incidiendo en algunas cuestiones previas al diseño de la investigación.
Sobre la obligatoriedad de las vacunas en tiempos de covid-19: aproximación contextual y análisis desde el Derecho y las políticas comparadas
Authors: Bellver Capella Vicente , De Montalvo Jääskeläinen Federico
Published: February 2023

El trabajo se centra en el estudio de la fundamentación jurídica de las normas que, en Estados Unidos y en los países miembros del Consejo de Europa, establecen la obligatoriedad de las vacunas contra la Covid-19 en determinadas circunstancias o para determinados colectivos. La jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo, en particular la sentencia Jacobson (1905), y del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, singularmente la reciente sentencia Vavricka contra la República Checa (2020), es objeto de particular estudio. En ambas regiones del mundo existe una amplia coincidencia en varios aspectos: la competencia para acordar la obligatoriedad de las vacunas corresponde a los estados; esa obligatoriedad resulta respetuosa con los derechos de los ciudadanos cuando se adopta bajo determinadas circunstancias: riesgo grave de pandemia, existencia de vacunas eficaces y seguras, y ausencia de medidas alternativas menos invasivas. Las normas que establecen la obligatoriedad de la vacuna contra la Covid-19 se enmarca en el conjunto de las políticas públicas sobre vacunas que se han impulsado tanto a nivel estatal como de los organismos intergubernamentales. No se puede entender completamente el alcance de esas normas que obligan a los ciudadanos a recibir la vacuna si no ampliamos previamente el foco de atención y ofrecemos una panorámica de todas las cuestiones controvertidas que ha traído consigo el proceso de desarrollo, autorización, producción, priorización, distribución e información sobre esta vacuna. En cada una de estas cuestiones los estados han ido adoptando distintas posiciones, y frecuentemente lo han hecho con el propósito de reforzar su posición de poder en el contexto internacional. Como en tantas otras ocasiones, los principales actores estatales han sido Estados Unidos, China, Rusia y la Unión Europea. La aproximación somera a dichas controversias nos ilustra acerca del papel crucial que las vacunas contra la Covid-19 han tenido y siguen teniendo en las relaciones internacionales: han servido por igual para tejer redes de colaboración, reforzar rivalidades y mantener desigualdades flagrantes.
The distinctive nature of covid-19 vaccines: compensation for potential damages under the legal framework of Lithuanian state in the context of global examples
Authors: Mažrimaitė Andra , Lapis Vilius , Rimkevičiūtė Ūla
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes legal mechanisms of compensation for damages caused by side effects of COVID-19 vaccines in Lithuania. In particular, draft amendments to the Law on the Rights of Patients and Compensation of the Damage to their Health registered by the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania in 2021 are evaluated and arguments for the need for further improvement are provided herein. In order to comprehensively assess the nature of the side effects that may be a substantiated cause for damages, pharmaceutical analysis and evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines eligible in Lithuania are analyzed. Analysis of the legal framework and proposals are construed mainly in light of the assessment of global examples. Following throughout evaluation of the question at hand, it is the opinion of the authors of the article that the product liability mechanism is not appropriate in the context of the vaccination program applied in Lithuania and instead „a no-fault compensation model“ shall be adopted that would be funded by a separate (non) State institute/fund in Lithuania.
Effect of perioperative intravenous lignocaine infusion on postoperative pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Augustine Dr. Anish , Philip Dr. Shoba
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims: Postoperative pain delays recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy which is done as a daycare surgery. Opioid analgesia carries adverse effects like nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression which can affect postoperative recovery. Our aim was to compare lignocaine infusion with saline infusion as perioperative ERAS measure for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Method: After obtaining ethical clearance, 40 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomised by computer generated codes in to two groups A and B. In group B two subjects were moved out of study, so two in group A were also excluded to make the two groups equal. Group A received saline and group B received 2mg/kg/h lignocaine infusion intravenously which were stopped at the end of the surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed by NRS score at definite time intervals 0 (admission to postoperative anesthesia care unit), 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th and 24th hours. Time at which first rescue analgesia was requested, total analgesic requirements, mean NRS score and side effects were noted. Results: At every time interval, patients in lignocaine group had delayed time to request for rescue analgesia, less analgesic requirements and mean NRS. (P value <0.05). No side effects or signs of toxicity were noted in lignocaine group. Conclusion: Perioperative lignocaine infusion is an efficient, safe and cost-effective armamentarium in implementing ERAS in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Synthesis and sorption properties of β-cyclodextrin-containing aerosilogel
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Belyakova L. A. , Lyashenko D. Yu. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Aromatic organic acids are among the common environmental pollutants that enter the water with washouts from agricultural lands, wastewater from chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Taking into account the high toxicity of aromatic substances, the important task of water purification is the removal of their trace amounts. This problem can be solved by using chemically modified inorganic materials, such as silicas, which have high mechanical, chemical, hydrolytic, and radiation stability. Therefore, they do not lose their sorption capacity during long-term use and do not pollute water with sorbent degradation products. The purpose of this work is the synthesis of a sorption-active material for removal of toxic aromatic acids by chemical immobilization of β-cyclodextrin functional groups on an aerosilogel (highly dispersed type of amorphous silica). A β-cyclodextrin-containing aerosilogel was synthesized by two-stage liquid-phase chemical modification of hydroxylated silica surface. Using the methods of IR spectroscopy, spectrophotometry, thermogravimetry, pH metry, low-temperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen, chemical and elemental analysis of the surface, the surface structure and its quantitative chemical composition, and also parameters of porous structure of initial and chemically modified aerosilogels were determined. Sorption of benzoic, salicylic and β-resorcylic acids on aerosilogels from aqueous buffer solutions with pH=1 was studied. The insignificant contribution of silanol and aminopropyl groups and complete participation of chemically fixed β-cyclodextrin in the sorption of aromatic acids were proved. The results obtained are analyzed using kinetic models for pseudo-first and pseudo-second order processes, as well as Langmuir and Freundlich models for equilibrium adsorption on homogeneous and heterogeneous surfaces. It has been found that the sorption kinetic processes are well described by a pseudo-first order equation (in the presence of one type of functional groups on the surface) and a pseudo-second order equation for bi- and trifunctional aerosilogels. Experimental results on the equilibrium sorption of aromatic acids on β-cyclodextrin-containing aerosilogel are in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption equation. This is evidence of decisive contribution of grafted oligosaccharide groups to the sorption of organic acids. The proposed chemical approach to increasing the sorption activity of aerosilogel can be used to obtain specific chromatographic carriers, as well as inorganic sorbents for the effective removal of small amounts of highly toxic organic substances from water and aqueous solutions.
Equilibrium and thermodynamic studies of anthocyanin adsorption on fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN K-1
Authors:   Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University Ukraine, Soldatkina L. M.
Published: February 2023

In the last decades there has been an increased interest of researchers in the obtaining anthocyanins from available and low–cost plant materials, not only as natural food dyes but also for pharmaceutical products. Among plant sources of anthocyanins chokeberries and elderberries have attracted the interest of consumers due to abundant anthocyanin contents. In this study, adsorption equilibrium and thermodynamics of anthocyanins from chokeberry and elderberry extracts by fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN K–1 were investigated. The anthocyanin extracts were obtained by macerated in 0.1 M HCl under the follow extraction parameters: solid-liquid ratio = 1:2 at 293 K for 24 h. The total anthocyanin content in the extracts was determined by pH-differential method. Adsorption experiments were carried out under static conditions, shaking mixtures of anthocyanin extracts of the berries with FIBAN K–1. The adsorption isotherms were of L-type according to the classification of Giles. The adsorption capacity of FIBAN K– 1 for the chokeberry and elderberry anthocyanins increased as the temperature increased from 293 to 313 K. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe the experimental adsorption isotherms. These models had a good agreement with the experimental data for adsorption of the anthocyanins, but the Langmuir model was the most favorable model for studying the adsorption equilibrium of the chokeberry and elderberry anthocyanins on FIBAN K–1. Thermodynamic parameters of the anthocyanin adsorption, such as DG°, DH°, and DS° were calculated. The ∆G° values were negative, thus indicating that the adsorption of the chokeberry and elderberry anthocyanins on FIBAN K-1 was spontaneous and favorable process under the experimental conditions. The decrease of the ΔG° values with increasing temperature shows that adsorption is more favorable at high temperature. The ∆H°values were positive for the anthocyanins of both kind of berries, which indicates the adsorption was an endothermic reaction. The ∆S°values were positive, which means that the anthocyanins in the aqueous phase are more organized than those in the adsorbent-liquid interface.
Electrophysical properties of polymeric nanocomposites based on tin dioxide modified with nickel ferrite
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prokopenko S. I. , Mazurenko R. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gunja G. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Makhno S. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gorbyk P. P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: February 2023

The creation of new nanomaterials for absorbtion of electromagnetic radiation microwave range is an important direction in consequence of electromagnetic pollution of the environment. The aim of the paper was to develop and synthesize the polymer-ﬁlled systems based on the polychlorotrifluoroethylene and tin dioxide modified by nickel ferrite in order to study their electrophysical properties as potential materials absorbing electromagnetic radiation. NiFe2O4/SnO2 nanocomposites with a volume content of nickel ferrite on the surface of tin dioxide from 0.62 to 0.8 were synthesized by co-precipitation. Size of SnO2 and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles was determined by a transmission electron microscope and its about 30–50 nm and 15–30 nm, respectively. For the NiFe2O4/SnO2 nanocomposites the values of complex permittivity and complex permeability in the microwave range, values of conductivity at low frequencies were investigated. Maximum values of complex permittivity and complex permeability were found for NiFe2O4/SnO2 nanocomposites at the volume content of nickel ferrite 0.62. An increase was observed in the complex permittivity for the NiFe2O4/SnO2–polychlorotriﬂuoroethylene system, 2–3 times greater than the values related to the NiFe2O4/SnO2 nanocomposites. The electrical conductivity at low frequencies (100 Hz) of polymer composites increases by an order of magnitude with a decrease of the concentration of nickel ferrite on the surface of tin dioxide. It was found that the calculated absorption coefficient of an electromagnetic wave in the frequency range 1–41 GHz for NiFe2O4/SnO2 nanocomposites is about 2 times greater than that for nickel ferrite. It is shown that the creation of nanocomposites based on a conductive component modified by a magnetic component is more efficient for the processes of absorption of electromagnetic waves in the microwave range at optimal ratios of the values of the permittivity and permeability than pure ferrite.
You Code It! Management of Hyperbilirubinemia (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: February 2023

Management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may require low to highly complex medical decision-making. The correct diagnosis code(s) must be reported to support the level of service provided. Can you identify the appropriate procedure and diagnosis codes for the following examples? Answers are elsewhere in this issue.
Des portraits qui ont du style : Artus de Bretagne, un roman et sa continuation dans le manuscrit Paris, BnF fr. 761
Authors: Ferlampin-Acher Christine
Published: February 2023

Artus de Bretagne is a French Arthurian prose romance: its hero, Arthur, son of the Duke of Brittany, is a descendant of Lancelot and the text reuses many Arthurian motifs. This romance was probably composed around 1300. The oldest preserved version is found in the manuscript Paris BnF 761. Having edited Artus de Bretagne and studied all the manuscripts, I hypothesised that this version consisted of an initial, unfinished version followed by a continuation. In this article, the stylistic method, adapted to the medieval text, makes it possible to confirm this hypothesis. Portraits are very different in the two parts. As this Arthurian romance adopts an original oriental setting, with a Greek toponymy, and as the supposed patron is Duke John II of Brittany, who is known to have travelled to the Byzantine area following the crusade led by his brother-in-law Edward I, King of England, the study of the portraits invites us to put forward (with caution) the hypothesis of an influence of the Byzantine romances, as a fairy, a princess and an automaton have the same appearance.
Bal kamrai deformitás: az aktív élsporthoz és az acromegaliához köthető eltérések hasonlóságai és különbségei.
Authors: Gyenes Nándor , Kormányos Árpád , Vágvölgyi Anna , Valkusz Zsuzsanna , Balogh László , Papp Gábor , Lengyel Csaba , Nemes Attila
Published: February 2023

Bevezetés: Az acromegalia egy krónikus endokrin betegség:
ilyenkor egy, az agyalapi mirigyben lévő tumor következtében felnőttkorban
jelentős mennyiségű humán növekedési hormon és következményesen inzulinszerű
növekedési faktor termelődik, aminek kezeletlenül jelentős hatása lehet a
cardiovascularis rendszerre. Tudjuk, hogy az elit sport szintén együtt jár a
szív fiziológiás átalakulásával, az ún. atlétaszív kialakulásával: ilyenkor a
szív üregeinek volumetrikus és funkcionális adaptációja figyelhető meg.
Célkitűzés: A fenti tényeknek megfelelően joggal adódhat a
kérdés, vajon milyen eltérések figyelhetők meg a bal kamra morfológiájában és
funkciójában acromegaliában, és a kapott eredmények milyen hasonlóságokat és
különbségeket mutatnak élsportot űző fiatalok bal kamrájához képest egészséges,
nem sportoló felnőttek értékeihez viszonyítva. Módszer: A jelen
vizsgálatba 21, nagy dinamikájú sportot űző élsportolót (átlagéletkor: 31,2 ±
6,4 év, 13 férfi) és 18, acromegaliás beteget (átlagéletkor: 47,9 ± 8,9 év, 9
férfi) válogattunk be. Eredményeiket 22 negatívkontroll-esethez (átlagéletkor:
47,7 ± 10,6 év, 13 férfi) hasonlítottuk. Eredmények: Mind az
élsportolókra, mind a kezelt acromegaliás betegekre jellemző, hogy bal kamrájuk
tágult, de annak funkciója megtartott. Míg az élsportolókat az egészséges
kontrollokhoz képest emelkedettebb longitudinális és circumferentialis bal
kamrai strain jellemzi, mely elsősorban az apicalis szegmentumok kifejezett
kontraktilitásának következménye, addig acromegaliában a radiális bal kamrai
strain növekedése detektálható, mely a basalis régiót érinti. A bal kamrai
rotációs mechanika eltérései szintén eltérő mintázatot mutatnak: míg
élsportolókban a basalis bal kamrai rotáció csökkent, addig az acromegaliát az
apicalis bal kamrai rotáció kifejezett mérséklődése jellemzi, mely együtt jár a
bal kamrai csavarodás lényeges csökkenésével. Következtetés: A
nagy dinamikájú sportot űző élsportolókban és acromegaliás betegekben a nem
sportoló egészséges személyekhez képest a bal kamra tágult, elsősorban
regionális szinten kontraktilitása kifejezettebb, rotációs mechanikája
eltéréseket mutat, de különbségek igazolhatók ezen eltérések jellegében és
mértékében. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(8): 308–316.
Poetry and Culture in Middle Kingdom Egypt: A Dark Side to Perfection
Authors: Parkinson R. B.
Published: February 2023

The Middle Kingdom (c.1940-1640 BC) was a golden age of Ancient Egyptian writing. This pioneering book is the first comprehensive study of this literary legacy. The status of literature is controversial in many ancient civilizations, and Middle Kingdom poems have often been regarded as propaganda for the ruling dynasty. This study radically reassesses their cultural role, drawing on recent studies of the individual texts, some by the author, and on general developments in literary criticism, to argue that they were entertainments that voiced potentially dissident views while also being integral to elite culture. The book explores literature’s status as a differentiated form of discourse, suggesting what social practices made its role possible and offering an innovative model for the reader’s engagement with these subtle and complex ancient works. The book also surveys the social and ideological context of literature and proposes readings of the main tales, discourses, and teachings. The conclusion sets the readings in a broad context, while an appendix surveys the entire range of surviving texts.
Healing, Disease and Placebo in the Asclepius Temples: A Neurocognitive Approach
Authors: Panagiotidou Olympia
Published: February 2023

Healing, Disease and Placebo in Graeco-Roman Asclepius Temples narrates a story of religious healing that took place at sanctuaries dedicated to the ancient Greek god Asclepius, the so called asclepieia. The Asclepius cult, which attracted supplicants afflicted by various illnesses, appeared in Greece in the sixth century BCE, thrived in the Hellenistic period and spread throughout the Graeco-Roman world only declining during the final dominance of Christianity in the fifth century CE. This study analyses inscriptions from the asclepieia which were supposed to record personal stories of healing. Using the archaeological and historical evidence it looks at the placebo effect and the role it may have played in healing at the Asclepius sanctuaries in light of contemporary theories and neurocognitive research on placebo effects. It explores the specific biological, cognitive, and psychological processes as well as the external cultural and social influences that would have shaped personal healing experiences. It is the first historical study of the Asclepius cult which integrates theoretical insights into the human mind provided by neurocognitive sciences. It can be considered a cognitive historiography of patients who visited the asclepieia as supplicants which aims to deepen our understanding of past minds and, more generally, of human cognition.
Ice, Mountains, and People
Authors: Tirlea Diana , Kristensen Todd , Osicki Aaron , Jensen Britta , Williams Krista , Caners Richard , Lumley Lisa , Woywitka Robin
Published: February 2023

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La educación como tarea
Authors: Villalba-Lucas Francisco-Manuel
Published: February 2023

El propio concepto de “educación” nos proporciona una doble vía de acercamiento. Por un lado, estaría “ēdŭcāre”, el cual nos plantea una educación como instrucción y formación; por otro lado “ēdūcĕre”, que pone más énfasis en la función alumbradora del proceso educativo. Desde esta doble perspectiva y apoyándonos en la consideración poliana de la educación como “ayudar a crecer”, vemos la educación como una tarea que se torna ética en la medida que, en ambos supuestos, necesita de la responsabilidad tanto del educador como del educando. El educador (padres, familia, profesionales de la educación, etc.) debe cumplir su función socializadora y alumbradora desde la responsabilidad paternofilial o profesional, para las cuales se han de preparar en todos los sentidos. El educando, por su parte, debe responsablemente hacerse cargo del interés por ser educado y por educar-se. En ello le va corresponder con la persona que está llamada a ser. En este sentido cobra importancia la educación entendida como “ayudar a crecer”, pues, en la esfera externa, iría dirigida a conseguir la socialización y la integración del individuo, como ciudadano, en un medio sociocultural atravesado por un conjunto de valores que el educando ha de conocer y respetar. Aquí, la figura del educador además adquiere la responsabilidad de ser ejemplo y modelo. En la esfera interna, desde un punto de vista más mayéutico, el educando, con la ayuda de los educadores, ha de querer alumbrar la persona que debe ser, en un movimiento de reactualización continua del acto de ser personal, a través del crecimiento personal, hasta ser la persona que se está llamada a ser. Ambas esferas conformarían así una educación integral de la persona.
L. Polo, Itinerario hacia la antropología trascendental (Tomo II) (J. A. García González, ed.). en Obras Completas, Serie B, vol. XXIX. EUNSA, Pamplona, 2021, 531 pp.
Authors: Sellés Juan-Fernando
Published: February 2023

Book Review
L. Polo, Conversaciones (A. Bastidas y J. F. Sellés, eds.). en Obras Completas, Serie B, vol. XXXIII. EUNSA, Pamplona, 661 pp.
Authors: Bastidas Ana
Published: February 2023

Book Review
J. F. Sellés, Los actuales métodos filosóficos: Pragmatismo, Fenomenología, Filosofía analítica, Hermenéutica. Síntesis y revisión desde L. Polo. Sindéresis, Madrid, 2022, 991 pp.
Authors: Guerra Priscila
Published: February 2023

Book Review
Javier Pérez Guerrero, Educar mirando a los ojos. Filosofía de la educación personalizada. EUNSA, Pamplona, 427 pp.
Authors: León-Parodi Joaquín
Published: February 2023

Book Review
The Origins of Collecting in China. Underground Jade Treasures as a Reflection of Ancient Collecting.
Authors:   Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Gdańsku, Łakomska Bogna ,   Państwowe Muzeum Etnograficzne w Warszawie,   Polski Instytut Studiów nad Sztuką Świata
Published: February 2023

Artykuł dotyka kwestii początków kolekcjonerstwa w Chinach, choć nie chodzi tu o kolekcje mające charakter artystyczny. Współczesne kolekcjonerstwo zakłada, że przedmioty tworzące kolekcję powinny być pozbawione swojej użytkowej roli, powinny być wewnętrznie powiązane, sklasyfikowane, subiektywnie ocenione, świadomie wybrane i wystawione. Ktoś mógłby zatem zapytać, jak ma się to do starożytnego chińskiego kolekcjonerstwa? I czy można stosować te same kryteria, a następnie na ich podstawie dokonywać oceny. Otóż, z pewnością znajdziemy pewne wspólne cechy we współczesnym jak i starożytnym podejściu do kolekcjonowania, a będzie to chęć posiadania czegoś ważnego, budowanie grup opartych na wewnętrznie powiązanych i świadomie wybranych obiektach jak również chęć wyeksponowania tych przedmiotów, tym niemniej dla ograniczonej i ekskluzywnej grupy, i to niekoniecznie osób, ale bardziej duchów, czy też innych nieśmiertelnych bytów. W starożytnych Chinach kolekcjonowanie było powiązane zwłaszcza z aktywnością rytualną, która wynikała z religijnych wierzeń, a w szczególnych wypadkach z przyczyn politycznych, bowiem posiadanie uświęconych obiektów zapewniało Mandat Niebios, czyli możliwość roszczeń do władzy. Zatem trzeba wyraźnie powiedzieć, że nie sztuka, ale święte skarby, tudzież magiczne przedmioty o rytualnym znaczeniu odgrywały najbardziej istotną rolę w potrzebach akumulacyjnych starożytnych królestw Chin. Co więcej, w konkretnych przypadkach, to surowy sam w sobie materiał i magiczne właściwości, które mu przypisywano sprawiały, że obiekty stawały się pożądane. Z początku, w okresie Neolitu dotyczyło to głównie przedmiotów wykonanych z twardych krystalicznych skał nefrytowych i jadeitowych ogólnie określanych jako żady, które dziś można jeszcze wydobywać w prowincji Xinjiang albo w Tybecie. później przyszła również kolej na brązy. A najbardziej namacalnym dowodem tych kolekcjonerskich początków są obiekty odkryte w grobach i podziemnych skrytkach. Archeologowie natrafiają na niewielkie zbiory figurek o kształtach smoko-świni, chmur, rzadziej żółwi i ptaków pochodzące z ok. 6 tysięcy lat temu. Nieco później zaczęto gromadzić tajemnicze dyski bi, albo wydrążone sześciany zwane cong. Około 5 tysięcy lat temu wiara w magiczną siłę żadów zaczęła się niezwykle rozprzestrzeniać, a to za sprawą rosnącego statusu szamanów, będących religijnymi i nierzadko politycznymi przywódcami królestw. Posiadanie żadów okazało się być przywilejem a ograniczona możliwość ich nabycia podwyższała niezwykle ich wartość. Żady zaczęto postrzegać nie tylko jako obiekt magiczny, ale również jako symbol bogactwa i władzy. I co ciekawe istotną rolę odgrywały te żady, które miały niejako swoją historię, które należały do przodków, albo do innych podbitych ludów.
Shini-e, japońska forma upamiętnienia wybitnych artystów
Authors:   Muzeum Okręgowe w Toruniu, Paczuska Katarzyna
Published: February 2023

The Regional Museum of Toruń has in its Far East Collection a woodblock print – a portrait of kabuki actor Matsumoto Kōshirō V by Utagawa Kunisada. This print falls into the shini-e (“death print”) category, commemorating the death of an actor, artist, or musician. The vast majority of shini-e depicted actors. Typical shini-e portrayed memorialized persons in blue court robes called shini sōzoku (“death dresses”) or ceremonial attire called mizu kamishimo. Many of these prints included the dates of death, age, posthumous Buddhist name (kaimyō), and temple burial site, while some had death poems (jisei) by the deceased or memorial poems written by family, friends, colleagues, or fans. A term used at least by the 1850s. The first datable single-sheet shini-e were probably issued in the 1790s, although ehon (“picture books”) commemorating the deaths of celebrated actors appeared as early as 1709, and more regularly by the 1770s. The shini-e genre appears to have nearly disappeared by the beginning of the 20th century and with the rise of other media such as photography and lithography, shini-e were no longer viable options for memorializing actors and artists. Only a small handful of examples are known from the 1910s–1920s. Matsumoto Kōshirō V was the one of many kabuki actors, who were display on shini-e. Besides actors, the ukiyo-e artist where also portrayed on commemorate prints.
Tradycja u progu nowoczesności. Kobiety w malarstwie Kalighat
Authors:   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Kamińska-Jones Dorota ,   Polski Instytut Studiów nad Sztuką Świata
Published: February 2023

The term Kalighat is defined as paintings created in the nineteenth and early twentieth century in Calcutta, produced mainly for pilgrims visiting the local temple dedicated to the goddess Kali. Religious representations were dominant while secular subjects were given a minor role. Given the extent of such topics, however, it is much more interesting. Within this group of works women are unquestionably the dominating force. Given the iconography, these images can be divided into two main groups - traditional and innovative. Traditional depictions might include a mother and child, a woman during her toilet, or with an instrument, a flower, a water pipe or a bird. The second group consists primarily of paintings representing contemporary mores and events (eg the murder of Elokeshi). The first group is dominated by independent representations, while the second – more developed presentations. Sometimes it is hard work but the data clearly falls into one of these types. Often an image showing a woman in a traditional manner at the same time carries with it a new message. These images reflect the social life of Calcutta, which at the time was changing rapidly under the influence of British social mores. Women were divided on the one hand between traditional norms and, on the other, the new European reality. This division is visible in the art of Kalighat. Artists often preceived the changing mores in the lives of women as a threat to traditional law and order. Stylistically, the images of women originate from earlier paintings depicting these goddesses and similarly they are less diversified and undifferentiated.