bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is time to first CT scan in patients with isolated severe traumatic brain injury prolonged when prehospital arterial cannulation is performed? A retrospective non-inferiority study
Authors: Eichlseder Michael , Labenbacher Sebastian , Pichler Alexander , Eichinger Michael , Kuenzer Thomas , Zoidl Philipp , Hallmann Barbara , Stelzl Felix , Schreiber Nikolaus , Zajic Paul
Published: September 2024

Background

Invasive blood pressure measurement is the in-hospital gold standard to guide hemodynamic management and consecutively cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Its prehospital use is controversial since it may delay further care. The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that patients with severe traumatic brain injury who receive prehospital arterial cannulation, compared to those with in-hospital cannulation, do not have a prolonged time between on-scene arrival and first computed tomography (CT) of the head by more than ten minutes.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients 18 years and older with isolated severe TBI and prehospital induction of emergency anaesthesia who received treatment in the resuscitation room of the University Hospital of Graz between January 1st, 2015, and December 31st, 2022. A Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to test for non-inferiority (margin = ten minutes) of the time interval between on-scene arrival and first head CT.

Results

We included data of 181 patients in the final analysis. Prehospital arterial line insertion was performed in 87 patients (48%). Median (25–75th percentile) durations between on-scene arrival and first head CT were 73 (61–92) min for prehospital arterial cannulation and 75 (60–93) min for arterial cannulation in the resuscitation room. Prehospital arterial line insertion was significantly non-inferior within a margin of ten minutes with a median difference of 1 min (95% CI − 6 to 7, p = 0.003).

Conclusion

Time-interval between on-scene arrival and first head CT in patients with isolated severe traumatic brain injury who received prehospital arterial cannulation was not prolonged compared to those with in-hospital cannulation. This supports early out-of-hospital arterial cannulation performed by experienced providers.
Post-resuscitation pneumothorax: retrospective analysis of incidence, risk factors and outcome-relevance
Authors: Auinger Daniel , Hötzer David , Zajic Paul , Orlob Simon , Heschl Stefan , Fida Stephanie , Zoidl Philipp , Honnef Gabriel , Friedl Herwig , Smolle-Jüttner Freyja-Maria , Prause Gerhard
Published: September 2024

Background

Pneumothorax may occur as a complication of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and could pose a potentially life-threatening condition. In this study we sought to investigate the incidence of pneumothorax following CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), identify possible risk factors, and elucidate its association with outcomes.

Methods

This study was a retrospective data analysis of patients hospitalized following CPR for OHCA. We included cases from 1st March 2014 to 31st December 2021 which were attended by teams of the physician staffed ambulance based at the University Medical Centre Graz, Austria. Chest imaging after CPR was reviewed to assess whether pneumothorax was present or not. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors for the development of pneumothorax relevant and to assess its association with outcomes [survival to hospital discharge and cerebral performance category (CPC)].

Results

Pneumothorax following CPR was found in 26 out of 237 included cases (11.0%). History of obstructive lung disease was significantly associated with presence of pneumothorax after CPR. This subgroup of patients (n = 61) showed a pneumothorax rate of 23.0%. Pneumothorax was not identified as a relevant factor to predict survival to hospital discharge or favourable neurological outcome (CPC1 + 2).

Conclusions

Pneumothorax may be present in greater than one in ten patients hospitalized after CPR for OHCA. Pre-existent obstructive pulmonary disease seems to be a relevant risk factor for development of post-CPR pneumothorax. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06182007 (retrospectively registered).

Trial Registration: NCT06182007 (retrospectively registered)
The prevalence of pathogens in ticks collected from humans in Belgium, 2021, versus 2017
Authors: Philippe Camille , Geebelen Laurence , Hermy Marie R. G. , Dufrasne François E. , Tersago Katrien , Pellegrino Alessandro , Fonville Manoj , Sprong Hein , Mori Marcella , Lernout Tinne
Published: September 2024

Background

Ticks carry a variety of microorganisms, some of which are pathogenic to humans. The human risk of tick-borne diseases depends on, among others, the prevalence of pathogens in ticks biting humans. To follow-up on this prevalence over time, a Belgian study from 2017 was repeated in 2021.

Methods

During the tick season 2021, citizens were invited to have ticks removed from their skin, send them and fill in a short questionnaire on an existing citizen science platform for the notification of tick bites (TekenNet). Ticks were morphologically identified to species and life stage level and screened using multiplex qPCR targeting, among others, Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato), Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia miyamotoi, Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Babesia spp., Rickettsia helvetica and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The same methodology as in 2017 was used.

Results

In 2021, the same tick species as in 2017 were identified in similar proportions; of 1094 ticks, 98.7% were Ixodes ricinus, 0.8% Ixodes hexagonus and 0.5% Dermacentor reticulatus. A total of 928 nymphs and adults could be screened for the presence of pathogens. Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) was detected in 9.9% (95% CI 8.2–12.0%), which is significantly lower than the prevalence of 13.9% (95% CI 12.2–15.7%) in 2017 (P = 0.004). The prevalences of A. phagocytophilum (4.7%; 95% CI 3.5–6.3%) and R. helvetica (13.3%; 95% CI 11.2–15.6%) in 2021 were significantly higher compared to 2017 (1.8%; 95% CI 1.3–2.7% and 6.8%; 95% CI 5.6–8.2% respectively) (P < 0.001 for both). For the other pathogens tested, no statistical differences compared to 2017 were found, with prevalences ranging between 1.5 and 2.9% in 2021. Rickettsia raoultii was again found in D. reticulatus ticks (n = 3/5 in 2021). Similar to 2017, no TBEV was detected in the ticks. Co-infections were found in 5.1% of ticks. When combining co-infection occurrence in 2017 and 2021, a positive correlation was observed between B. burgdorferi (s.l.) and N. mikurensis and B. burgdorferi (s.l.) and B. miyamotoi (P < 0.001 for both).

Conclusions

Although the 2021 prevalences fell within expectations, differences were found compared to 2017. Further research to understand the explanations behind these differences is needed.

Graphical Abstract
Oxygen therapy in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: guidelines from the SRLF-SFMU consensus conference
Authors: Helms Julie , Catoire Pierre , Abensur Vuillaume Laure , Bannelier Héloise , Douillet Delphine , Dupuis Claire , Federici Laura , Jezequel Melissa , Jozwiak Mathieu , Kuteifan Khaldoun , Labro Guylaine , Latournerie Gwendoline , Michelet Fabrice , Monnet Xavier , Persichini Romain , Polge Fabien , Savary Dominique , Vromant Amélie , Adda Imane , Hraiech Sami
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Although largely used, the place of oxygen therapy and its devices in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (ARF) deserves to be clarified. The French Intensive Care Society (Société de Réanimation de Langue Française, SRLF) and the French Emergency Medicine Society (Société Française de Médecine d’Urgence, SFMU) organized a consensus conference on oxygen therapy in ARF (excluding acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and hypercapnic exacerbation of chronic obstructive diseases) in December 2023.

Methods

A committee without any conflict of interest (CoI) with the subject defined 7 generic questions and drew up a list of sub questions according to the population, intervention, comparison and outcomes (PICO) model. An independent work group reviewed the literature using predefined keywords. The quality of the data was assessed using the GRADE methodology. Fifteen experts in the field from both societies proposed their own answers in a public session and answered questions from the jury (a panel of 16 critical-care and emergency medicine physicians, nurses and physiotherapists without any CoI) and the public. The jury then met alone for 48 h to write its recommendations.

Results

The jury provided 22 statements answering 11 questions: in patients with ARF (1) What are the criteria for initiating oxygen therapy? (2) What are the targets of oxygen saturation? (3) What is the role of blood gas analysis? (4) When should an arterial catheter be inserted? (5) Should standard oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) be preferred? (6) What are the indications for non-invasive ventilation (NIV)? (7) What are the indications for invasive mechanical ventilation? (8) Should awake prone position be used? (9) What is the role of physiotherapy? (10) Which criteria necessarily lead to ICU admission? (11) Which oxygenation device should be preferred for patients for whom a do-not-intubate decision has been made?

Conclusion

These recommendations should optimize the use of oxygen during ARF.
DQ-NN and phantom routing for enhanced source location privacy for IoT under multiple source and destination
Authors: T. Arpitha , Chouhan Dharamendra , J. Shreyas
Published: September 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is now an essential component of our day-to-day lives. In any case, the association of various devices presents numerous security challenges in IoT. In some cases, ubiquitous data or traffic may be collected by certain smart devices which threatens the privacy of a source node location. To address this issue, a hybrid DL technique named Deep Q Learning Neural network (DQ-NN) is proposed for the Source Location Privacy (SLP) in IoT networks based on phantom routing. Here, an IoT network with multiple sources and destinations is considered first, and then the phantom node is chosen by analyzing neighbor list, energy, distance, and trust heterogeneity parameters. After that, multiple routes are created from the source node to the sink node via the phantom node. Finally, path selection is performed by the proposed DQ-NN. Moreover, DQ-NN is obtained by merging the Deep Q Learning Network (DQN) and Deep Neural Network (DNN). A simulation environment consisting of 150 nodes is created to study the effectiveness of performance and scalability. The proposed novel DQ-NN outperforms other existing algorithms, by recording a high network lifetime is 111.912, a safety period of 664970.7 m, an energy is 0.034 J, and a distance is 56.594 m.
Integrated telehealth intervention to reduce chronic pain and unhealthy drinking among people living with HIV: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Palfai Tibor P , Bernier Lauren B , Kratzer Maya PL , Magane Kara M , Fielman Sarah , Otis John D , Heeren Timothy C , Winter Michael R , Stein Michael D
Published: September 2024

Background

Unhealthy alcohol use represents a significant risk for morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH), in part through its impact on HIV management. Chronic pain, a common comorbidity, exacerbates suboptimal engagement in the HIV care continuum and has reciprocal detrimental effects on alcohol outcomes. There are no integrated, accessible approaches that address these comorbid conditions among PLWH to date. This paper describes a research study protocol of an integrated telehealth intervention to reduce unhealthy drinking and chronic pain among PLWH (Motivational and Cognitive-Behavioral Management for Alcohol and Pain [INTV]).

Methods

Two-hundred and fifty PLWH with unhealthy drinking and chronic pain will be recruited nationally via online advertisement. Informed consent and baseline assessments occur remotely, followed by 15 days of ecological momentary assessment to assess alcohol use, chronic pain, functioning, and mechanisms of behavior change. Next, participants will be randomized to either the INTV or Control (CTL) condition. Individuals in both conditions will meet with a health counselor through videoconferencing following randomization, and those in the INTV condition will receive 6 additional sessions. At 3- and 6-months post-baseline, participants will complete outcome assessments. It is hypothesized that the INTV condition will result in reduced unhealthy alcohol use and pain ratings compared to the CTL condition.

Conclusion

This protocol paper describes a randomized controlled trial which tests the efficacy of a novel, integrated telehealth approach to reduce unhealthy alcohol use and chronic pain for PLWH, two common comorbid conditions that influence the HIV treatment cascade.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier

NCT05503173.
A national study of firearm exposure and safety training among rural youth
Authors: Koopman Jamie L. , Linden Benjamin M. , Sinik Megan R. , Wetjen Kristel M. , Hoogerwerf Pam J. , Liao Junlin , Jennissen Charles A.
Published: September 2024

Background

Data regarding rural youths’ experience with firearms, including safety training, is highly limited despite their frequent presence in homes. Our objective was to investigate rural adolescents’ use of firearms and whether they had received formal firearm training.

Methods

A convenience sample of 2021 National FFA (formerly Future Farmers of America) Convention & Expo attendees were given an anonymous survey at the University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital injury prevention booth. The survey explored their use of rifles/shotguns and handguns and whether they had completed a certified firearm safety course. Descriptive and comparative analyses, including multivariable logistic regression analyses, were performed on compiled data.

Results

3206 adolescents ages 13–18 years participated with 45% reporting they lived on a farm or ranch. The vast majority of participants (85%) had fired a rifle/shotgun; 43% reported firing them > 100 times. Of those that had fired rifles/shotguns, 41% had done so before 9 years old. Most had also fired a handgun (69%), with 23% having fired handguns > 100 times. Of those that had fired handguns, 44% had done so before 11 years. Average age for first firing rifles/shotguns was 9.5 (SD 3.1) years, and 11.1 (SD 3.0) years for handguns. Males, non-Hispanic Whites, and those living on farms or in the country had significantly greater percentages who had fired a rifle/shotgun or a handgun. Significant differences were also seen by U.S. census region. Over half (64%) reported having gone hunting. Of those that had used a firearm, 67% had completed a firearm safety training course. Overall, 23% were/had been members of a school or club shooting team and of these, 87% had taken a safety course.

Conclusions

Most FFA member participants had fired both rifles/shotguns and handguns, many at very young ages. Significant differences in firearm use were noted by demographic factors including the home setting (i.e., farms and ranches) and their U.S. census region. Nearly one-third of adolescent firearm users had not received formal safety training. Promoting firearm safety should include advising families on when it is developmentally appropriate to introduce youth to firearms and on the importance of firearm safety training.
Enhancement of therapeutic efficacy of Brinzolamide for Glaucoma by nanocrystallization and tyloxapol addition
Authors: Masuda Shuya , Yano Shiho , Tadokoro Tomohisa , Otake Hiroko , Nagai Noriaki
Published: September 2024

Background

Brinzolamide (BRI) suspensions are used for the treatment of glaucoma; however, sufficient drug delivery to the target tissue after eye drop administration is hampered by poor solubility. To address this issue, we focused on nanocrystal technology, which is expected to improve the bioavailability of poor-solubility drugs, and investigated the effect of BRI nanocrystal formulations on corneal permeability and intraocular pressure (IOP)-reducing effect.

Methods

BRI nanocrystal formulations were prepared by the wet-milling method with beads and additives. The particle size was measured by NANOSIGHT LM10, and the morphology was determined using a scanning probe microscope (SPM-9700) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Corneal permeability was evaluated in vitro using a Franz diffusion cell with rat corneas and in vivo using rabbits, and the IOP-reducing effect was investigated using a rabbit hypertensive model.

Results

The particle size range for prepared BRI nanocrystal formulation was from 50 to 300 nm and the mean particle size was 135 ± 4 nm. The morphology was crystalline, and the nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed. In the corneal permeability study, BRI nanocrystallization exhibited higher corneal permeability than non-milled formulations. This result may be attributed to the increased solubility of BRI by nanocrystallization and the induction of energy-dependent endocytosis by the attachment of BRI nanoparticles to the cell membrane. Furthermore, the addition of tyloxapol to BRI nanocrystal formulation further improved the intraocular penetration of BRI and showed a stronger IOP-reducing effect than the commercial product.

Conclusions

The combination of BRI nanocrystallization and tyloxapol is expected to be highly effective in glaucoma treatment and a useful tool for new ophthalmic drug delivery.
Flavonoids as therapeutics for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a comprehensive review on preclinical studies
Authors: Verma Vipin Kumar , Bhardwaj Priya , Prajapati Vaishali , Bhatia Avantika , Purkait Sayani , Arya Dharamvir Singh
Published: September 2024

Ischemic heart disease is the most prevalent cause of death worldwide affecting both the gender of all age groups. The high mortality rate is due to damage of myocardial tissue that emanates at the time of myocardial ischemia and re-oxygenation, thus averting reperfusion injury is recognized as a potential way to reduce acute cardiac injury and subsequent mortality. Flavonoids are polyphenol derivatives of plant origin and empirical shreds of evidence substantiate their numerous activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-thrombotic activity, leading to their role in cardio protection. Recent investigations have unveiled the capacity of flavonoids to impede pivotal regulatory enzymes, signaling molecules, and transcription factors that orchestrate the mediators participating in the inflammatory cascade. The present comprehensive review, dwells on the preclinical studies on the effectiveness of flavonoids from the year 2007 to 2023, for the prevention and therapeutics for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Graphical Abstract
Mutational landscape of BRCA gene mutations in Indian breast cancer patients: retrospective insights from a diagnostic lab
Authors: Chikkala Rosy , Bhayal Deepak , Rani Nikki , Modali Rama , Bhatia Kishor , Dubey Bhawna
Published: September 2024

Background

Presence of Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is the most significant epidemiological factor for breast cancer (BC), where germline BRCA1 (gBRCA 1) mutation increases the risk for BC by 59–87% and gBRCA 2 mutation increases the risk by 38–80%. In this retrospective study, we have analyzed NGS-based genetic data for samples received at our laboratory for genetic testing over a three-year period to understand the prevalence and pattern if any of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Indian breast cancer patients.

Results

BRCA gene sequencing using NGS was performed in 395 consecutive cases of BC referred for testing to our lab between 2021 and 2023. Genetic analysis of mutations BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes resulted in 115 (29%) positive patients. Out of 115 patients, 79 reported BRCA1 mutations, whereas 36 had BRCA2 mutations. Exon 10 (57.3%) of BRCA1 and exon 11 (52%) of BRCA2 were the most mutated exons observed in this study. The c.1961delA (26.4%) variant, followed by the c.68_69delAG (22.7%) variant in BRCA1, and the c.6373delA (20.5%) variant in BRCA2, were the most common mutations found in our study. Our data shows positive correlation of younger age group (20–45 years) with BRCA positive status (Chi-square p value = 0.001).

Conclusion

BRCA mutation prevalence was 29.1% in our data which is higher than Western countries. Based on our findings BRCA screening looks imperative for women with BC especially younger women (< 50 years), as family history based BRCA testing would miss out many BRCA positive candidates which could benefit from PARP therapy options.
Burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression symptoms among workers in radiation field
Authors: Amin Shimaa Ibrahim , Mahdy Rehab S. , El-Shafei Dalia A. , Elmasry Nagda , Eldawy Hassan , MagdyAbdalla Rana , Fouad Eman
Published: September 2024

Background

Job burnout is defined as physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion due to persistent work stress, and it includes emotional exhaustion (EE), cynicism (CY), and reduced personal accomplishment (PA) and usually leads to symptoms of depression, lack of motivation, and decreased enthusiasm. Previous studies from different countries have suggested that job burnout, depression, and anxiety are a common work-related problems. This study aims to assess for job burnout, depression, and anxiety among radiation workers in order to investigate the effects of radiation exposure during work on the mental health. This comparative cross-sectional study was performed on 208 workers in the Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) and the Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (ENRRA) at Cairo Governorate, Egypt. Study participants were divided into 2 groups: 1st group which included 104 workers among radiation field and 2nd group which included 104 workers and employees who do not often work among radiation field. Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale (MBI), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) were used to assess for burnout, depression, and anxiety among study participants.

Results

The prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, burnout, and among workers inside radiation field group were statistically significantly higher than those working outside radiation field group. Work type (WIRF) and number of working hours per week (> 40 h) were the significant risk factors for all the burnout, depression, and anxiety, while age (> 40–60 years old) was a significant predictor for depression, female gender was a significant predictor for anxiety, and both age (20–40 years old) and years of experience (≤ 10 years) were significant predictors for burnout among workers inside radiation field.

Conclusions

Burnout, depression, and anxiety are common among workers inside radiation field with higher prevalence and severity than those working outside radiation field. Younger age, fewer years of experience, and more working hours per week are significantly associated risk factors for burnout among workers inside radiation field.
Optimizing the maximum strain of a laser-deposited high-entropy alloy using COMSOL multiphysics
Authors: Modupeola Dada , Patricia Popoola
Published: September 2024

Background

Laser metal deposition (LMD) is a widely used additive manufacturing technique for producing complex high entropy alloys with special properties for several applications. The AlCoCrFeNiCu HEAs compositional design has six elements with a configurational entropy of 1.79 R and atomic concentrations between 5 and 35%, so the HEA system is thermodynamically favorable according to Boltzmann’s theory, attributed to the core effects. However, the high-entropy alloy has dominant Body-Centered Cubic structures which may be too brittle to be examined in tension experimentally. Preheating the substrate before and during layer deposition could be a potential solution that is currently under development since tensile loading necessitates an understanding of a material's behavior under tension through an analysis of its yield and ultimate tensile strength. A computer-aided design (CAD) solid model was used to generate the near-net dog-bone form of the alloy with moderately complicated geometrical characteristics using laser metal deposition (LMD) technology. This study investigates a straightforward and effective computational model for simulating material properties, using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 software for laser-deposited high entropy alloys that are excessively brittle to be tested in tension. The AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy "dog bone" test sample was modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics for tensile loading. The first principal stresses and longitudinal strain under axial loading conditions were measured using a three-dimensional (3D) structural mechanics’ model.

Results

The results showed the ultimate tensile strength is 8.47 N/m2, attributed to the high entropy effect and the dominant phase structure of the alloy.

Conclusion

Numerical models in this paper demonstrate the effect of stresses on the tensile behavior of the AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy. The model optimizes the LMD process by analyzing residual stresses and predicting tensile strength, thus, providing insights that show the potential of high entropy alloys for structural integrity in aerospace applications.
A cross-sectional study to assess the health-related quality of life of patients on haemodialysis in Chennai
Authors: Pandiyambakkam Rajendran Karthikeyan , Anbazhagan Rakesh , Ramalingam Suresh , Rajamohan Sridevi , Govindarajulu Srinivas
Published: September 2024

Background

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) poses a significant burden globally and in India. However, access to treatment remains limited due to resource and cost constraints. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and economic burden among haemodialysis patients.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study using European Quality of life, EQ-5D-5L, to measure health-related quality of life across 5 domains, i.e. mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, was administered, across three settings—government dialysis centre, private dialysis centre and charity based dialysis centre. The health utility values were also calculated. Also, the costs incurred in dialysis were done.

Results

The mean (± SD) age of the participants was 55 (± 11) years, the majority of the participants were male (n = 61), 80% (n = 64) of the participants were employed before and 40% of them had lost a job, due to the morbidity of the disease. Upon analyzing the EQ-5D-5L data, it is inferred that all five domains were the same across all three setups. The direct cost incurred on the haemodialysis ranged from INR.600 to INR.3500 per month, and the indirect cost ranged fromINR.50 to INR. 3000, which is borne by the participants, in about 70% of the cases. Chief Minister Health Insurance Scheme was found to be extremely useful, wherein only 30% (n = 25) of the study participants (n=81) were insured beneficiaries.

Conclusion

HRQoL was moderately impaired, and treatment posed substantial financial hardship among hemodialysis patients. Expanding access to decentralized and community-based care models could help address the challenges of regular treatment and lost productivity.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of diaphragmatic thickness and movement for assessment of diaphragmatic dysfunction in COPD patients
Authors: Dahma Eman Mohamed , El-lawaty Walaa Mowafy , Shaarawy Dalia Ezzat , Dawoud Mohammed Mahmoud , El-Shimy Wafaa Saleh
Published: September 2024

Backgrounds

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often ascribed to the disparity that exists between ventilatory loading and diaphragmatic function. The principal factor contributing to this imbalance is the mechanical difficulties brought about by pulmonary hyperinflation. This causes the fiber lengths of the respiratory muscles to be suboptimal, thereby decreasing the tension generated. The frailty of the respiratory musculature is further exacerbated by hypercapnia, acidosis, nutritional deficiency, and steroid therapy. As the principal respiratory muscle, the diaphragm is responsible for 75% of quiescent lung ventilation. Ultrasonography has exhibited substantial promise in evaluating the effectiveness of the diaphragm. The goal of the research was to assess the diaphragmatic function in COPD patients using ultrasonographic examination and to study its correlation with pulmonary function tests.

Methods

This work was performed on 60 individuals with COPD and 20 healthy volunteers (control group). All the subjects were sequentially examined by chest X-ray and spirometry in one time and then repeated 15–45 min after the first dose of inhalation therapy (salbutamol); then, 6MWT, ABG, and ultrasonography were done for all patients.

Results

In COPD patients, diaphragmatic thickness and excursion were substantially reduced in comparison to the control group; these parameters were also significantly correlated with pulmonary function tests.

Conclusions

A reduction in diaphragmatic thickness and excursion is observed in patients diagnosed with COPD.
Η ανατολική συνοικία του μπούργκου της πόλης της Ρόδου. Πολεοδομικοί και αρχιτεκτονικοί μετασχηματισμοί
Authors: ΜΑΝΟΥΣΟΥ - ΝΤΕΛΛΑ (Katerina MANOUSSOU - NTELLA) Κατερίνα , Ντέλλας (Giorgos NTELLAS) Γιώργος
Published: September 2024

Στόχος του παρόντος άρθρου είναι να ανοίξει ένα σημαντικό κεφάλαιο διεπιστημονικής έρευνας, βασισμένης σε συστηματική αρχαιολογική ανασκαφή και λεπτομερή αρχιτεκτονική τεκμηρίωση των σημαντικών σωζόμενων μνημειακών καταλοίπων της οικιστικής περιοχής (Μπούργκο) της ιπποτικής πόλης. Αφορά κυρίως στην ταύτιση του Ξενώνα της Αγίας Αικατερίνης, της Παναγιάς της Νίκης και του Αγίου Παντελεήμονα, σε σχέση με τη σταδιακή επέκταση του τειχισμένου τμήματος της πόλης ανατολικά και με τη χωροθέτηση της «Άνω Οβριακής» συνοικίας.
Παρατηρήσεις για την αρχιτεκτονική και την ιστορία του πρωτοβυζαντινού ναού της μονής Λατόμου στη Θεσσαλονίκη
Authors: ΡΑΠΤΗΣ (Konstantinos T. RAPTIS) Κωνσταντίνος Θ. , Φαντίδου (Eleftheria FANTIDOU) Ελευθερία
Published: September 2024

Βάσει νέας αρχαιολογικής-ανασκαφικής έρευνας και αρχιτεκτονικής τεκμηρίωσης του πρωτοβυζαντινού σταυρικού ναού που ταυτίζεται με το καθολικό της μονής Λατόμου, οι οποίες υλοποιήθηκαν στο πλαίσιο της εκπόνησης μιας νέας μελέτης στερέωσης και αποκατάστασης του μνημείου, η μελέτη αυτή συνοψίζει τις διάφορες επί μακρόν διατυπωμένες απόψεις, παρουσιάζει νέα αρχαιολογικά δεδομένα και διατυπώνει ορισμένες παρατηρήσεις και σκέψεις για την αρχιτεκτονική και τη δομική ιστορία του σημαντικού πρωτοβυζαντινού ναού της Θεσσαλονίκης
Τό καθολικό τῆς μονῆς Ζέρμας Κόνιτσας
Authors: ΠΑΣΑΛΗ (Aphrodite PASALI) Ἀφροδίτη
Published: September 2024

Τό καθολικό τῆς μονῆς Ζέρμας στόν νομό Ἰωαννίνων εἶναι ναός σταυροειδής ἐγγεγραμμένος τῆς παραλλαγῆς τῶν δικιονίων μέ δίτρουλλο νάρθηκα στά δυτικά. Τά παραβήματα καί τά δυτικά γωνιαῖα διαμερίσματα καλύπτονται μέ ἐγκάρσιες ἡμικυλινδρικές καμάρες. Ἡ δυτική κεραία τοῦ σταυροῦ καλύπτεται μέ χαμηλωμένη ἀσπίδα. Ὁ ναός ἦταν ἄλλοτε κατάγραφος ἀπό τοιχογραφίες τοῦ 1655, ἔργα τῶν Νικολάου καί Γεωργίου ἀπό τό Λινοτόπι. Στή θύρα εἱσόδου στή δυτική πλευρά ὑπάρχει περιθύρωμα μέ πλούσιο λιθανάγλυφο διάκοσμο καί τή χρονολογία 1802 τῆς ἀνακαινίσεως.
„Der Abt verlässt sein Kloster“. Ikonographie und Interpretation einer Darstellung im Narthex des Katholikons im Dragalevcikloster in Bulgarien (1476)
Authors: ΠΑΡΑΝΟΥ (Anna PARANOU) Αννα
Published: September 2024

The iconographic theme of the abbot, who leaves his monastery, depicted in the narthex of the monastery church in Dragalevci, Bulgaria, is examined on the basis of the function of the narthex as a place for the penitents. This depiction of the abbot leaving his monastery fits also to the narthex iconographic program due to its instructive nature and further examples with a similar message are sought, also in written sources.
Το τάμα ενός τριβούνου. Παλαιοχριστιανική αφιερωτική επιγραφή από την Πάτμο .
Authors: ΚΕΦΑΛΑ (Konstantia KEFALA) Κωνσταντία
Published: September 2024

Στο παρόν άρθρο δημοσιεύεται για πρώτη φορά συστηματικά μια αφιερωτική επιγραφή του 5ου ή του 6ου αιώνα, που σώζεται επαναχρησιμοποιημένη στον ναό του Αγίου Θαλλελαίου στη Χώρα της Πάτμου. Σε αυτήν μαρτυρείται η επίστρωση μιας βασιλικής με δαπάνη του διασωθέντος από ναυάγιο τριβούνου Παύλου, επί επισκόπου Μελιτίου. Η επιγραφή είναι πιθανό να σχετίζεται με την παλαιοχριστιανική βασιλική του Αγίου Ιωάννη του Θεολόγου, τα απομεινάρια της οποίας περιγράφονται στο πρακτικό της παράδοσης του νησιού στον όσιο Χριστόδουλο. Από το ίδιο μνημείο προέρχονται ακόμα επιγραφή εγκαινίων με μνεία του επισκόπου Επιθυμητού και ενεπίγραφος όρος.
New evidence on imported ceramics in the Aegean: islamic pottery in the Byzantine Mesa Mani, pottery from the Crimea in Venetian Crete .
Authors: ΓΙΑΓΚΑΚΗ (Anastasia G. YANGAKI) Αναστασία Γ.
Published: September 2024

Through the study of immured vessels, specific categories of glazed ceramics are identified and discussed. A brief reference to vessels from Egypt and North Africa or Sicily, located in churches in the area of the Mesa Mani during the 11th c., sets the background. The main research focuses largely on the import to Crete, mainly during the 15th c., of glazed ceramics from regions of the South Crimea and explores aspects of their circulation on the island.
The cross-cultural context of the Benaki chasuble: a safavid-renaissance velvet encounter
Authors: ΒΡΥΖΙΔΗΣ (Nikolaos VRYZIDIS) Νικόλαος
Published: September 2024

An unpublished Catholic chasuble from the collection of the Benaki Museum is analyzed as a remnant of the Iranian textile trade in early modern Europe. Its contextualization proceeds from discussing the silk trade as a tool of Safavid diplomacy, and continues with considering the impact of Safavid silks on 17th-century European aesthetic. Moreover, the article’s discussion of the floral and animal motifs adorning the chasuble’s velvets points out to the formation of a common visual language in Christian vestments throughout Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean
Αναστάσιος Χ. Αντωνάρας, Η τέχνη του γυαλιού. Έργα από τη συλλογή του Μουσείου Βυζαντινού Πολιτισμού
Authors: ΣΚΟΡΔΑΡΑ (Maria Skordara) Μαρία
Published: September 2024

Αναστάσιος Χ. Αντωνάρας, Η τέχνη του γυαλιού. Έργα από τη συλλογή του Μουσείου Βυζαντινού Πολιτισμού / Anastasios Ch Antonaras Work of the Collection of Byzantine Museum. The Art of Glass, έκδοση του Μουσείου Βυζαντινού Πολιτισμού, με την ευγενική υποστήριξη του Ιδρύματος Ιωάννου Φ. Κωστοπούλου και του Σωματείου των Φίλων του Μουσείου Βυζαντινού Πολιτισμού, ΕκδόσειςΖήτη, Θεσσαλονίκη 2019, 335 σελ., 21×29 εκ. ISBN 978-618-5251-05-5.
Ken Dark and Jan Kostenec, Hagia Sophia in Context
Authors: ΕΥΘΥΜΙΑΔΗΣ (Stefanos EFTHYMIADIS) Στέφανος
Published: September 2024

Ken Dark and Jan Kostenec, Hagia Sophia in Context. An Archaeological Re-examination of the Cathedral of Byzantine Constantinople, Oxbow Books, Oxford ‒ Havertown, PA 2019 ‒ X & 141 σελ. ISBN: 978-1- 78925-030-5, Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-031-2 (epub).
Γιώργος Πάλλης, Από τη Λαμία στο Ζητούνι.
Authors: ΚΙΟΥΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ (Tonia KIOUSOPOULOU) Τόνια
Published: September 2024

Γιώργος Πάλλης, Από τη Λαμία στο Ζητούνι. Ανασυνθέτοντας μια μικρή βυζαντινή πόλη, εκδόσεις Gutenberg, Αθήνα 2020, 162 σελ., 29 εικόνες, 2 χάρτες, βιβλιογραφία, ευρετήριο. ISBN 978-960-01-2095-0.
Ορισμένες παρατηρήσεις και ερωτήματα σχετικά με την πρωτοβυζαντινή αρχιτεκτονική στη Θεσσαλονίκη: το Οκτάγωνο παρά τη Χρυσή Πύλη και η επισκοπική βασιλική
Authors: Θ. ΡΑΠΤΗΣ (Konstantinos T. RAPTIS) Κωνσταντίνος
Published: September 2024

Στο παρόν άρθρο διατυπώνονται ορισμένες παρατηρήσεις και ερωτήματα σχετικά με τον αρχιτεκτονικό σχεδιασμό δύο σημαντικών μνημείων πρωτοβυζαντινής εκκλησιαστικής αρχιτεκτονικής στη Θεσσαλονίκη. Εξετάζονται επί μέρους ζητήματα που αφορούν (α) στο Οκτάγωνο που εντοπίστηκε στην περιοχή της Χρυσής Πύλης, που φαίνεται να αποτελεί unicum στο πλαίσιο της πρωτοβυζαντινής αρχιτεκτονικής, και (β) στην πεντάκλιτη επισκοπική βασιλική της πόλης –κάτω από τον τρου-λαίο ναό της Αγίας Σοφίας– η οποία, αποτελώντας τον μεγαλύτερο πρωτοβυζαντινό ναό της πόλης, άλλαξε πλήρως τη χριστιανική τοπογραφία της Θεσσαλονίκης.
Gazing beyond earthly reality: A reconsideration of the wall paintings at asketario on the island of Chalki, Dodecanese
Authors: KATSIOTI (Αγγελική ΚΑΤΣΙΩΤΗ) Angeliki
Published: September 2024

In this paper are revisited the wall paintings of the Asketario at Kellia on the island of Chalki, Dodecanese, through the presentation of new evidence. Notably, in the scene of the cavity of the rock formed as apse, the presence of Saints Faustus and Kerykos with Christ Emmanuel flanked by archangels reveals possible ties with the Coptic art of Alexandria. Similarities with Coptic art, combined with the historical background, point to a date in the second half of the 7th – beginning of the 8th century and suggest that certain hermits, maybe and the painter, came from Egypt.
Glazed Bowls from Sukhum (Sebastopolis) in Abkhazia
Authors: KHRUSHKOVA Liudmila
Published: September 2024

Sebastopolis in Abkhazia (modern Sukhum) is one of the most ancient and largest towns on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. The collection of glazed pottery from Sebastopolis comprises 178 items. Most of the finds are so-called red wares, with only five fragments of white ware. The glaze is mostly yellow or a yellowish-brown, a wide-spread decor is concentric circles in the center. The study focuses on bowl bases dating from the 13th century.
Cyril Alexander Mango, 14 April 1928 ‒ 8 February 2021
Authors: McCABE Anne
Published: September 2024

No abstract
The use of the past in late Byzantine reality: The promotion of the 10th-century saint Nikon “the Metanoeite” as equal-to-the-apostles on the laconian churches, Peloponnese (13th-14th centuries)
Authors: TAKOUMI (Αννα ΤΑΚΟΥΜΗ) Anna
Published: September 2024

Among the many late Byzantine representations of St Nikon “the Metanoeite” (Nikon “Repent!”) in the churches of Laconia, some stand out due to the position of his figure next to the Apostles or the apostolic scene of the Pentecost. Taking into consideration the importance of apostolicity through the ages and of the emphasis on the Apostles after 1204 in the context of the debates concerning the Union of the Churches, the combined depiction of St Nikon and the Apostles highlights the figure of St Nikon as an equal-to-the-apostles and advocate of the correct faith.
Το Ευαγγέλιο του Σκευοφυλακίου της μονής Μεγίστης Λαύρας Αγίου Ορους, το λεγόμενο «του Φωκά», και ο αθωνικός κώδικας Λαύρας Α 86
Authors: ΛΙΤΣΑΣ (Efthymios Κ. LITSAS) Ευθύμιος Κ.
Published: September 2024

Στο παρόν άρθρο μελετάται το «Ευαγγέλιο του Φωκά» στο Σκευοφυλάκιο της Μεγίστης Λαύρας του Αγίου Όρους και η στάχωσή του. Το χειρόγραφο χρονολογείται στα τέλη του 11ου – αρχές του 12ου αιώνα, αλλά, σύμφωνα με την προφορική παράδοση της μονής, θεωρείται δώρο του αυτοκράτορα Νικηφόρου Β΄ Φωκά (963-969). Η στάχωση είναι αποκολλημένη από τη ράχη του χειρογράφου και φαίνεται να μην είναι οργανικά δεμένη με το σώμα των «τετραδίων». Εξετάζονται συστηματικά διάφορα ενδεχόμενα και η μελέτη καταλήγει στο αρκετά βέβαιο συμπέρασμα ότι η στάχωση, που χρονολογείται στον 10ο αιώνα, πρέπει να συνδεθεί με το χειρόγραφο της Λαύρας Α 86, επίσης του 10ου αιώνα, το οποίο διαθέτει όλα τα χαρακτηριστικά για να θεωρηθεί αυτοκρατορικό δώρο.
Philipp Niewöhner, Byzantine Ornaments in Stone. Architectural Sculpture and Liturgical Furnishings
Authors: ΠΑΛΛΗΣ (Georgios PALLIS) Γιώργος
Published: September 2024

Philipp Niewöhner, Byzantine Ornaments in Stone. Architectural Sculpture and Liturgical Furnishings, De Gruyter, Berlin ‒ Boston 2021, 188 σ. με 487 εικόνες και σχέδια εντός κειμένου. Στην έκδοση περιλαμβάνονται ένας χάρτης (σ. 184-185), Συντομογραφίες ‒ Βιβλιογραφία (σ. 182), Κατάλογος προέλευσης εικόνων (σ. 183) και Ευρετήρια τόπων και θεμάτων (σ. 186-188). 28,5×21 εκ. ISBN 978-3-11- 068853-5 (και στα γερμανικά: Byzantinische Bauskulptur und liturgische Ausstattung. Ein Handbuch).
Εξ Αποστάσεως Διδασκαλία της Πολιτείας του Πλάτωνα: Προσεγγίσεις για τον Σχεδιασμό Ψηφιακού Μαθησιακού Περιεχομένου
Authors: Τσακιρέλη Άννα , Μουζάκης Χαράλαμπος , Αναστασιάδης Παναγιώτης
Published: September 2024

Η παρούσα εργασία αναφέρεται στη σχεδίαση, υλοποίηση και αποτίμηση εκπαιδευτικού υλικού για τη διδασκαλία της Αλληγορίας του Σπηλαίου της Πλατωνικής Πολιτείας, η οποία αποτελεί μία από τις ενότητες των αρχαίων ελληνικών ομάδας προσανατολισμού ανθρωπιστικών σπουδών στη Γ’ τάξη του Γενικού Λυκείου. Το εκπαιδευτικό υλικό σχεδιάστηκε εναρμονιζόμενο με τη μεθοδολογία της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης, το μοντέλο West-Λιοναράκης (2001), τη γνωστική θεωρία πολυμεσικής μάθησης του Mayer (2001) και το συνομιλιακό μοντέλο της Laurillard (2002), ακολουθώντας τις προδιαγραφές του μαθήματος, όπως αυτές τίθενται μέσα από το ΔΕΠΠΣ και το ΑΠΣ για το μάθημα των αρχαίων ελληνικών. Το εκπαιδευτικό υλικό εφαρμόστηκε στην πράξη κατά την επαναληπτική διδασκαλία της εν λόγω ενότητας μέσω της μεθοδολογίας της συμπληρωματικής εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης και αποτιμήθηκε από μαθητές, φιλόλογους και κριτικούς αναγνώστες, οι οποίοι είχαν εμπειρία στην εξΑΕ . Σκοπός της αποτίμησης της αξιοποίησης του υλικού ήταν να επισημανθούν τα δυνατά του σημεία αλλά και τυχόν αδυναμίες , προκειμένου να βελτιωθεί , ώστε να καλύψει τις μαθησιακές ανάγκες των μαθητών. Τα ευρήματα της ερευνητικής διαδικασίες αποσκοπούσαν επίσης στον εμπλουτισμό του πεδίου της σχολικής εξΑΕ .
Διερεύνηση επιμορφωτικών αναγκών εκπαιδευτικών Α΄ βαθμιας εκπαίδευσης κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας COVID-19: Απόψεις και πρακτικές εκπαιδευτικών σχετικά με την εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση και τον τρόπο αξιοποίηση διαφόρων μέσων με στόχο την προσωπική τους
Authors: ΑΠΑΡΤΟΓΛΟΥ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΑ ΑΓΓΕΛΙΚΗ , ΜΑΡΚΟΥ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΑ
Published: September 2024

Τα τελευταία χρόνια, ο πλανήτης ζούσε υπό το καθεστώς της πανδημίας COVID-19 και τις επιπτώσεις που επέφερε σε πολλούς τομείς της ζωής του ανθρώπου. Η παρούσα εργασία διερευνάει τις απόψεις και πρακτικές των εκπαιδευτικών Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης σχετικά με ζητήματα που αφορούν στη Δια Βίου Εκπαίδευση και Επιμόρφωση μέσα από εξ αποστάσεως προγράμματα. Συγκεκριμένα, η εργασία έχει στόχο να εντοπίσει τους παράγοντες εκείνους που συμβάλλουν ή μη, για τη συμμετοχή των εκπαιδευτικών σε εξ αποστάσεως επιμορφωτικά προγράμματα, καθώς και τα οφέλη που προκύπτουν από τη συμμετοχή των εκπαιδευτικών στην προσωπική και επαγγελματική τους ανάπτυξη και εξέλιξη. Xρησιμοποιείται ένα ερωτηματολόγιο κλειστού τύπου ερωτήσεων, όπου τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί της Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης θεωρούν ότι η εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση και επιμόρφωση συμβάλλει σημαντικά στη δική τους επαγγελματική και προσωπική ανάπτυξη, πιστεύουν ότι διάφορα εξ αποστάσεως επιμορφωτικά προγράμματα τους βοηθούν να προσαρμοστούν στις νέες συνθήκες και προκλήσεις και τέλος, οι παράγοντες για τη συμμετοχή τους ή μη σε αυτά δε διαφέρουν με αποτελέσματα προηγούμενων ερευνών.
Στο τέλος της εργασίας, γίνονται παρατηρήσεις - προτάσεις, για να διορθωθούν σημεία, που θα μπορέσουν να δώσουν αποτελέσματα σε μεγαλύτερο εκπαιδευτικό πληθυσμό, παίρνοντας υπόψη και τη Δευτεροβάθμια Εκπαίδευση, καθώς και μία μεγαλύτερη μελέτη-σύγκριση μεταξύ Δημόσιου και Ιδιωτικού Σχολείου.
Επαγγελματική Εκπαίδευση στον Ευρωπαϊκό χώρο.
Authors: CHIOTELIS IOANNIS STELIOS , Theodoropoulou Maria
Published: September 2024

Το μέλλον επιφυλάσσει όχι πλέον μια παραδοσιακή αγορά εργασίας, αλλά μια αγορά εργασίας πολυδιάστατη. Στην ίδια κατεύθυνση τα τυπικά προσόντα των εργαζόμενων (πτυχία, ξένες γλώσσες, χειρισμός Η/Υ) θα συμπληρώνονται από δεξιότητες (soft and hard skills) που αναφέρονται σε προσωπικά χαρακτηριστικά και ικανότητες (ηγεσία και καθοδήγηση, διαπροσωπική επικοινωνία, εστίαση στα αποτελέσματα, ενθάρρυνση, δημιουργία κλίματος εμπιστοσύνης και επαγγελματικής ασφάλειας, διαχείριση κρίσεων και εντάσεων κ.α.).
Το στοίχημα της νέας επαγγελματικής εκπαίδευσης, είναι να αναπροσανατολιστεί και να μεταρρυθμιστεί, ώστε να αποβεί πετυχημένη και να οδηγήσει σε επαγγελματική αποκατάσταση τους αποφοίτους της. Στον ευρύτερο ευρωπαϊκό χώρο όλες οι κυβερνήσεις αναπροσανατολίζουν και μεταρρυθμίζουν την επαγγελματική εκπαίδευση. Γίνεται κατανοητό ότι ο αναπροσανατολισμός της Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης θα πρέπει να είναι προς την κατεύθυνση της ανάπτυξης δεξιοτήτων και της επανειδίκευσης. Οι αυριανοί απόφοιτοι της Επαγγελματικής και της Τεχνικής Εκπαίδευσης θα κληθούν να στελεχώσουν τόσο το τεχνικό προσωπικό του εξοπλισμού, όσο και το τεχνικό προσωπικό του λογισμικού στα σημεία εξυπηρέτησης πελατών.
Οι γνώσεις υψηλού επιπέδου ICT, η επίλυση προβλημάτων, η στρατηγική επίλυσης προβλημάτων, το ομαδικό πνεύμα, η δημιουργικότητα και η ικανότητα προσαρμογής είναι δεξιότητες που ήδη κυριαρχούν στην αγορά εργασίας. Ας δούμε ποιες αλλαγές έχουν γίνει τα τελευταία χρόνια στην Ευρώπη και ποιες επιβάλλεται να γίνουν στην ελληνική επαγγελματική εκπαίδευση.
Κοινωνιολογία, εκπαίδευση και ανοικτότητα: μία ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση
Authors: Σακκούλα (Sakkoula) Νεκταρία (Nektaria)
Published: September 2024

Το άρθρο αυτό προσπαθεί να ερμηνεύσει την ανοικτότητα υπό το πρίσμα της Κοινωνιολογίας της Εκπαίδευσης, έτσι ώστε να θέσει τις βάσεις για την κατανόηση και την πιθανή υιοθέτησή της από το εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα. Οι Κοινωνιολόγοι της Εκπαίδευσης, περίπου μισό αιώνα νωρίτερα, έθεσαν –ασυνείδητα, ίσως– τις πρώτες θεωρητικές προϋποθέσεις της ανοικτότητας. Εστιάζοντας στους δύο βασικούς εκπροσώπους της Κοινωνιολογίας της Εκπαίδευσης, Pierre Bourdieu και Basil Bernstein, το συγκεκριμένο άρθρο συνδέει την ανοικτότητα με το habitus του Bourdieu και τους παράγοντες της ανοικτότητας με τα λεγόμενα πεδία (fields). Τα σημαντικότερα ευρήματα της έρευνας καταδεικνύουν ότι οι Κοινωνιολόγοι της Εκπαίδευσης, εξηγώντας τα κακώς κείμενα της σχολικής και πανεπιστημιακής εκπαίδευσης στην εποχή τους, κατέληξαν σε διαχρονικά συμπεράσματα που μπορούν να ληφθούν υπόψη για την οριοθέτηση, ερμηνεία και εφαρμογή της ανοικτότητας. Οι σύγχρονες παγκοσμιοποιημένες κοινωνίες του 21ου αιώνα επιβάλλουν το άνοιγμα των εκπαιδευτικών συστημάτων, ώστε να υποστηρίζουν τη Δημοκρατία, την ισότητα και τα Ανθρώπινα Δικαιώματα. Η ανοικτότητα, λοιπόν, ως πολιτική και φιλοσοφία αποτελεί προαπαιτούμενο και έχει τη δυναμική να απαντήσει στις προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζει η εκπαίδευση διαχρονικά. Ωστόσο, ο ορισμός και η ερμηνεία της ανοικτότητας και κατ’ επέκταση η πρακτική εφαρμογή της, αποτελούν δύσκολα εγχειρήματα, καθώς επηρεάζεται από πολλούς παράγοντες που αφορούν στο εκάστοτε κοινωνικό πλαίσιο.
Ο ρόλος των Mαθησιακών Δραστηριοτήτων στην υποστήριξη σύγχρονων εξ αποστάσεως συνεδριών επιμόρφωσης.
Authors: ΜΟΥΛΑ ΕΛΙΣΣΑΒΕΤ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΟΣ , ΑΡΜΑΚΟΛΑΣ ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ , ΦΡΑΓΚΟΥΛΗΣ ΙΩΣΗΦ
Published: September 2024

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας  έρευνας αποτελεί η διερεύνηση των μαθησιακών δραστηριοτήτων, ο τρόπος με τον οποίο μπορούν να βοηθήσουν τις σύγχρονες εξ αποστάσεως συνεδρίες καθώς και  η ανάπτυξη ή μη ανάπτυξη κινήτρων από τη χρήση τους.
Η έρευνα βασίστηκε σε ένα σύγχρονο εξ αποστάσεως πρόγραμμα επιμόρφωσης με θέμα: «Επιμορφωτικό Σεμινάριο Στελεχών Νεότητας και Κατηχητών» που διοργανώθηκε από την Ιερά Μητρόπολη Δημητριάδος. Για τη συλλογή  των δεδομένων και την επίτευξη των στόχων της έρευνας επιλέχθηκε η ποσοτική μέθοδος. Ως εργαλείο χρησιμοποιήθηκε το ερωτηματολόγιο. Η διανομή των ερωτηματολογίων έγινε ηλεκτρονικά μέσω ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου. Το δείγμα της ποσοτικής έρευνας αποτέλεσαν εκατόν σαράντα εννέα (149) συμμετέχοντες - κατηχητές του σεμιναρίου.
Οι μαθησιακές δραστηριότητες ήταν οργανωμένες σε ομάδες και υπό -ομάδες και η δυσκολία τους κλιμακωνόταν από το εύκολο προς το πιο δύσκολο. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι οι μαθησιακές δραστηριότητες είναι πολύ σημαντικές στις σύγχρονες εξ αποστάσεως συνεδρίες επιμόρφωσης και ότι οι σύγχρονες εξ αποστάσεως συνεδρίες επιμόρφωσης μπορούν να βελτιώσουν τη μετάδοση των γνώσεων από τη χρήση τους. Επιπλέον, τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η χρήση μαθησιακών δραστηριοτήτων μπορεί να δημιουργήσει πολλά και διαφορετικά κίνητρα στους συμμετέχοντες της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης.