bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Didáctica e inclusión en las aulas de matemática. Análisis de un caso en Chile
Authors: Filippi-Peredo Cecilia , Aravena-Díaz María
Published: December 2020

The article shows through two central sections an educational theme of great relevance linked to special educational needs and how these have been addressed since the incorporation of special education into the regular classroom. The route of arguments that are being connected and that give structure to this text exposes foundations, concepts, experiences and reflections on a case studied, with the aim of contrasting the theoretical principles and the reality of the classroom, in relation to inclusive education and teaching practices, to finally deliver suggestions that favor the renewal of learning spaces and the inclusion of each student in math classes.
La educación superior y la categoría condición humana: Por una visión integradora
Authors: Varona-Domínguez Freddy
Published: December 2020

The central theme of this essay is the need to deploy an integrative vision in higher education. The starting point is the requirement of scientific-technological development that professionals be trained with a vision that integrates knowledge, which is in contradiction with the view that reduces and divides that still dominates in higher education. The conceptual base is complex thinking and the category human condition. Among the ideas that are developed are: the value of the human condition category to deploy the integrative vision in higher education; the fight against the way of conceiving higher education as a business; the importance of the affective in higher education. The objective is to argue some manifestations in higher education of thought that fragments and reduces. Among the conclusions are: The integrative vision in higher education prevents professional training from being overvalued and is powerful to overcome extreme rationalism and open up to affectivity.
El desarrollo del pensamiento geográfico a partir del trabajo integrado con principios de la Geografía en la escuela cubana
Authors: Moreno-Henández Mikel , López-Felipe Yamilet , Toledo-García Dainerys
Published: December 2020

The work proposes a rehearsal that bases the necessity to develop the geographical thought in the school context considering the possibilities of the principles of the geography. Different approaches are analyzed regarding the geographical thought and the features that this he/she should have to guide educational proposals in the teaching of the school Geography. Equally they stand out valuations to assume the principles of the geography like didactic axes in the teaching in the school, he/she allows to conform to a proposal that it integrates the localization principles, integrity, evolution and geographical scale in a structure that is composed of three stages with precise procedures to execute the educational work in the Cuban school. Starting from the contributed arguments you can conclude that the geographical thought has wide relevance in the process of geographical education in the basic high school and the principles of the geography can be a cardinal reference for its development.
Una nueva mirada teórica y metodológica a diferencias de género en pruebas de matemática: Razonamiento, actitudes psicosociales y modelos multinivel
Authors: Montero-Rojas Eiliana , Moreira-Mora Tania Elena , Zamora-Araya José Andrey , Smith-Castro Vanessa
Published: December 2020

Acknowledging that gender, as a construct, is an expression of a power structure, observed differences favoring males were explained for two standardized tests of mathematical context: the Mathematics section of the University of Costa Rica’s Admission Test and the Mathematics test from the Secondary School’s Exit Exam. The sample was 487 students in the last year of high school in ten public schools from the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica; 269 were women. Multilevel regression models were estimated using the scores in these tests as dependent variables. The reduced model only included sex as a predictor, whereas the complete model included, additionally, an indicator of reasoning abilities and the following scales: hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, attitude toward gender equity in mathematics, and self-efficacy in mathematics. Results point out that gender differences are reduced by controlling for reasoning abilities. Benevolent sexism predicted performance in the tests to a lesser degree. There was also evidence of the moderating effect of the school for the relationship between sex and the score in the admission test, and, especially, for the means in the secondary school exit test. Mathematics self-efficacy also had considerable predictive power in the latter. These findings provide evidence of the need for teachers to actively promote self-efficacy in their students, especially women. The considerable differences in the average scores of the Secondary School’s Exit Exam, even though they are all public and from the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica, suggests the presence of inequities that should be studied more in-depth, including schools beyond this area, which could reveal even more disadvantages.
Potential Surrogates for Evaluation of Decontamination Methods Under Field Study Conditions or BSL-2 Biosecurity Lab Conditions: A Review
Authors: Marissa L. Layman  , Craig L. Ramsey  , Steven E. Newman
Published: December 2020

Surrogate species are commonly used to evaluate the ability of decontamination, sterilization, and/or disinfectant methods to sanitize bio-contaminated surfaces, equipment, facilities, soil, or water. As new decontamination technologies become commercialized there is an ongoing need to evaluate them using field studies, or on-site for large, stationary systems, to determine if they are more environmentally friendly, less expensive, or more effective than the current sanitation practices. This surrogate review compares potential surrogate species such as MS2 bacteriophage, Clostridium difficile, Bacillus subtilis, and Cytisus scoparius for their ability to accurately estimate the efficacy of decontamination, sterilization methods or commercial systems when evaluated under field conditions. Evaluation of decontamination systems, using field or on-site studies conducted under real-world conditions provides realistic estimates of sanitation and insights into potential risks to health or the environment. Multi-stage decontamination systems, or semi-sterilization methods, such as concentrated, or high-level, disinfectants, pressure washing equipment with steam, or extended ultra-violet (UV-C) radiation, require hard-to-kill surrogates, such as B. subtilis, to determine effective treatments. Use of multiple surrogates for decontamination or sterilization research alleviates several concerns about selecting a single surrogate species that may only perform well only under specific treatments or environmental conditions.
The Genesis of the Concept of Land
Authors: Smetona Marius , Smetonienė Anželika
Published: December 2020

Various sources confirm that a human and the land have been connected through an exceptional link. However, an idealistic image of land has been getting weaker and a present individual has felt a changed connection with the land. The land is not the sole source of livelihood for people any more and its association with pagan rituals, deities and nature has become less and less frequent. The more formal understanding of land (earth) as a planet has prevailed in Lithuanian lexicography, whereas in other sources the land is associated only with hard work. The very concept of land is broad and complex, therefore, it is important to analyse the image that emerges at a subliminal level in the head of a Lithuanian, while he/she is thinking about the land. The whole concept LAND is analysed implementing the project “Bread. Land. Mother” financed by the State Commission of the Lithuanian Language (2018–2020). This article presents the lexicographic analysis and the data of students’ survey. The analysis of questionnaire revealed an obvious fact that the image of land is perceived by every individual in accordance with influence of the surrounding environment and the worldview constructed by an individual himself or herself. The concept is broad and every individual may have a significantly different understanding of it. Some people see it only as a physical plane, whereas others feel the link with land at a spiritual level because it is home or even more than this.
On the Assumptions and Postulates of Cultural Linguistics (On the Example of the Definition of Polish PRACA (‘WORK’))
Authors: Bartmiński Jerzy
Published: December 2020

The study consists of four parts. The first part is devoted to the beginnings of cultural linguistics in Poland, connected with the Wrocław-based programme for research on Polish national culture, the emergence of the “Language and Culture” research network (and a publication series with the same title), and the launch of the Lublin-based journal Etnolingwistyka in 1988. The second part contains examples of linguistic facts being viewed in cultural perspective, with a special role of the lexicon as the “mirror of culture”. Part three presents a repertoire of seven conceptual constructs proposed in Lublin cognitive ethnolinguistics (linguistic worldview, stereotypes as cultural concepts, cognitive definition, viewpoint and interpretive perspective, profiling of base images, values, and the experiencing, conceptualizing, and speaking subject). Finally, the fourth part illustrates the application of this theoretical framework in an analysis of the Polish cultural concept of PRACA ‘WORK’.
Memory Lingualized in the of People in the Period of Middle Adulthood
Authors: Gocół Damian
Published: December 2020

In my article, I analyze the way people in their middle adulthood (35–65 years old) talk about their own biographical experience. By comparing the relations selected from my own collection, I try to indicate what the ways of linguistic expression are used to build a biographical narrative and a conversation with the researcher. The aim of the article is to show how non-linguistic factors (profession, social status, education, experience or gender) influence the structure of the story, the choice of the narrative schemes and the ways of linguistic expression. In the analyzed texts clearly shows the structuring of the narrative by means of images, scenes and narrative sequences. They allow for the reconstruction of the narrative schemes in the mostly statements related to the talking about maturation.
Characterization of the Schur class in terms of the coefficients of a series on the Laguerre basis
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Savchuk V.V. , Savchuk M.V. ,   NTU of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnical Institute”
Published: December 2020

The classical Schur criterion answers the question of whether a function f given by its power series f(x)=∑k=0∞CkZk is a Schur function that is, holomorphic in a unit disk D and such that supz∈D | f (z) | ≤ 1. Regarding this criterion, there are a large number of completed results devoted to its generalizations and various applications, but, as it seems to us, there is no criterion for a complete description of the Schur class in terms of coefficients of orthogonal series on arbitrary complete orthonormal systems. In this paper, we formulate such criterion for a formal orthogonal series with complex coefficients based on the Laguerre system.
Contact interaction of prestressed annular punch and half-space
Authors:   S.P. Timoshenko Institute of Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Babich S.Yu. , Yaretska N.O. ,   Khmelnitsky National University
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the task of contact interaction of the pressure of a pre-stressed cylindrical annular punch on the half-space with initial (residual) stresses without friction. It is solved for the case of unequal roots of the characteristic equation. In general, the research was carried out for the theory of great initial (ultimate) deformations and two variants of the theory of small initial ones within the framework of linearized theory of elasticity with the elastic potential having any structure. It is assumed that the initial states of the elastic annular stamp and the elastic half-space remain homogeneous and equal. The study is carried out in the coordinates of the initial deformed state, which are interrelated with Lagrange coordinates (natural state). In addition, the influence of the annular stamp causes small perturbations of the basic elastic deformed state. It is assumed that the elastic annular stamp and the elastic half-space are made of different isotropic, transversal-isotropic or composite materials.
Vibrations of a cylindrical piezoshell filled with a fluid
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Boryseiko O.V. , Denysenko V.I. ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Didenko Yu.F. ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Published: December 2020

Stationary oscillations of a piezoceramic cylindrical shell with thickness polarization under the action of a time-harmonic mechanical load in the form of an external pressure are considered. The shell has a finite length and is closed at the ends with rigid plates. The inner volume of the shell is filled with a non-viscous compressible liquid. A continuous thin electrode coating is applied to the cylindrical surfaces of the shell. Surface electrodes are considered open. The equations of axisymmetric oscillations and the corresponding boundary conditions at the ends are written in the problem statement for the shell. A problem is formulated also for determining the motion in the form of small oscillations of a liquid inside the shell, as well as the boundary conditions for the equality of velocities of liquid particles and the shell on their contact surfaces. An analytic expression is given for determining the distribution of the thickness component of the electric field strength, which arises due to the deformation of the shell element, depending on the frequency of oscillations of the external mechanical load. The results of numerical calculations are shown.
Water purification from heavy metal ions by nano-sized Fe0/kaolinite composites
Authors:   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Kovalchuk I.A. , Tobilko V.Yu. ,   NTU of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Bondarieva A.I. ,   NTU of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kholodko Yu.M. ,   NTU of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kornilovych B.Yu. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv,   NTU of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: December 2020

We have investigated the physicochemical features of the purification of wastewater that are complex on its content and include a mixture of heavy metal ions (Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Cr(VI)). The phase of a composition and structural-sorption characteristics of synthesized nano-sized Fe0/kaolinite composites were studied. It was found that the obtained materials have much better sorption properties for the extraction of heavy metals from aqueous solutions in comparison with natural kaolinite. Calculations of sorption isotherms according to the Freundlich equation are done. Based on isotherms, the average values of specific sorption per unit of an active surface of the mineral at the content of heavy metal ions in the initial solutions of 300 μmol/dm3 were determined. They range from 0.42 to 17.1 μmol/g for Cr(VI) to Cu(II) ions. It has also been found that similar values for the modified samples are much larger and range from 13.8 to 80.27 μmol/g for ions from Cr(VI) to Cu(II). It is shown that composite sorbents based on nano-sized zero-valent iron and dispersed kaolinite silicate are effective sorbent materials for the purification of water contaminated with toxic heavy metal ions that are commonly found in wastewater of the galvanic and hydrometallurgical industries.
Ukrainian Middle Class in the New Millennium: Trends and Prospects
Authors: CHERENKO L. M.
Published: December 2020

Ukrainian society has undergone various transformations over the past twenty years. Adverse economic conditions and ineffi cient income distribution policies deterred the for mation of a large middle-income group, which should become the basis of the middle class. Developed countries, which in the last century reached the peak growth of the number and importance of the middle class, today indicate the process of “blurring” of this social group against the background of growing inequality. Against the background of global trends, Ukraine is facing a double blow — the income distribution, which is already shift ed towards low incomes, leaves no chance for positive changes in the social structure of society. Th e a im of the article is to establish trends in the formation of the middle-income group in Ukraine over a twenty-year period and assess the prospects for the formation of the middle class in the future, taking into account today’s Ukrainian realities and global trends. Th e novelty of the work is the analysis of a long series of dynamics to establish the trends of the middleincome group according to the classical approaches for international comparisons and according to the purely Ukrainian approach. In addition, micromodeling of incomes (expenditures) for 2020, taking into account the macroeconomic situation, allows us to assess the impact of the coronavirus crisis and quarantine measures on changes in the number of middle-income groups and the prospects of the middle class in Ukraine. Within the article classical methods of analysis of long series of data, in particular, the index method (basic and chain indices) are used for studying the dynamic changes in the formation of midd leincome groups. In order to assess the size of the middle-income group in 2020, the method of micromodeling is used: the 2020 microdata is modeled on the basis of the 2019 microdata (microfi le of the household living condition survey) and macro forecast data for the current year. Analysis of the dynamics of incomes, expenditures and various property character istics of the middle-income group over the past twenty years does not show positive trends. Quite the contrary, in Ukraine there is an impact of the global trend of “blurring” of the middle-income group as the basis of the middle class, with its specifi c features in consumer and investment behavior. Th e events of the last year also do not inspire optimism — by the end of the year the general decline in living standards and the growth of poverty is expected. In such conditions, the main burden of the crisis is expected to fall on the middle-income group. Th e article also considers the problem of the importance of forming the middle class for society and the feasibility of forming politics to this goal.
The Gut Microbiota of Rats under Experimental Osteoarthritis and Administration of Chondroitin Sulfate and Probiotic
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Korotkyi O.H. , Luhovska T.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Serhiychuk T.M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Dvorshchenko K.O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Falalyeyeva T.M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ostapchenko L.I. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2020

Osteoarthritis is a most widespread chronic degenerative joint disease that causes pain, cartilage deformation, and joint inflammation. Adverse alterations of intestinal microbiota like dysbiosis may lead to metabolic syndrome and inflammation, two important components of osteoarthritis progression. Aim. In this study we investigated the effect of chondroitin sulfate and probiotics on the gut microbiome in monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis model in rats. Methods. The species and quantitative composition of feces were determined using diagnostic media with selective properties. Further identification of isolated microorganisms was carried out according to morphological, tinctorial, physiological and metabolic parameters. The results are presented in the form of lg CFU/g. Results. Induction of osteoarthritis caused significant increasing the number of opportunistic enterobacteria and lactose-negative Escherichia coli against the decreasing of lacto- and bifidobacteria that may indicate a dysbiotic condition. Coadministration of chondroitin sulfate and probiotic bacteria has led to improvement the quantitative composition of the gut microbiota in experimental animals, the numerous of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus were increasing against decreasing the quantitative composition of opportunistic microorganisms. Conclusions. Monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis caused dysbiosis of gut in rat. We observed beneficial effect of combined administration of chondroitin sulfate and probiotics on gut microbiota composition in rats with experimental osteoarthritis. Thus, adding of supplements like probiotics to standard treatment of osteoarthritis may have potentials to prevent and treat this disease.
Weeds as Reservoirs of Viruses in Agrobiocenoses of Legumes in Ukraine
Authors:   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyrychenko A.N. , Bohdan M.M. ,   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine, Shcherbatenko I.S. ,   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

This paper is the review of literature data on the prevalence of weeds as possible reservoirs of plant viruses in agroecosystems of Ukraine. The information presented here about the most distributed weeds as reservoirs of harmful plant viruses will be useful for understanding the pathogens ecology, analyzing the virus epidemiology and for disease management. Since legumes are the main crops grown in Ukraine, the paper focuses on weeds spreading in the agrosystems of cultivated plant. The paper provides information about the primary sources of soybean viruses (Soybean mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Alfalfa mosaic virus, Tomato ringspot virus) and bean viruses (Bean yellow mosaic virus, Bean common mosaic virus) as well as the main factors contributing the virus transmission in agrocenosis.
Arteritis and Large Vessel Occlusive Strokes in Children After COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Appavu Brian , Deng Doris , Dowling Michael Morgan , Garg Shipra , Mangum Tara , Boerwinkle Varina , Abruzzo Todd
Published: December 2020

We describe 2 previously healthy children who suffered disabling arterial ischemic strokes because of acute intracranial large vessel occlusion within 3 to 4 weeks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Both children presented from communities with high COVID-19 case rates in the Southwest United States. An 8-year-old American Indian girl experienced severe iron deficiency anemia requiring blood transfusion and presented with bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) distribution strokes 3 weeks later. She underwent emergent mechanical thrombectomy of the left MCA with successful clot retrieval but experienced reocclusion of that artery 5 hours after intervention. She also had evidence of cerebral arteritis on catheter angiography and vessel wall imaging, and clot pathology revealed recently formed, unorganized platelet- and fibrin-rich thrombus with sparse clusters of erythrocytes, degenerated histiocytes, few eosinophils, and rare neutrophils. A 16-year old African American boy demonstrated evidence of arteritis on brain magnetic resonance angiography and serological markers of cardiac and renal injury accompanied by positive lupus anticoagulant antibodies. The children described in this report express clinical features inconsistent with focal cerebral arteriopathy, including elevated markers of systemic inflammation in both bilateral MCA strokes in one case and multiple organ system dysfunction in the other case. Neither patient fulfilled criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, given absence of fever. These cases illustrate that systemic postinfectious arteritis with cerebrovascular involvement may complicate COVID-19 infection in previously healthy school-aged children, and their presentations may overlap but not fulfill criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children or focal cerebral arteriopathy.
“Leviathan”, or an essay on the doctrine of the state by T. Hobbes
Authors: Nikolenko Vadym
Published: December 2020

The study focuses on individual episodes of the biography, the most notable ideas and main socio-political views of the outstanding English scientist, social philosopher, theorist of the origin of the state – T. Hobbes. On the basis of the classic work “Leviathan”, his backbone thoughts on the processes of state building, the development of a balanced normative and legislative system and specific motives for striving for power are highlighted. In particular, attention is focused on the search by the researcher of the optimal balance between freedom and the duties of a citizen. The aspiration of the classic to a comprehensive study of the most effective mechanism, optimal forms of public administration, primarily for the establishment of stable social order and safety, is noted. The scientist emphasized that an authoritative, sovereign, legitimate state is able to effective cope with the tasks set. In which those in power are obliged to be guided by norms of morality and law. Characterized, according to the researcher, the socio-psychological traits of both average citizens and sovereigns for the full life support of the country.Highlighted his heuristic principles of anthropomorphism, which more metaphorically, expressively detail the likely destructive diseases of the state, among which he considered the lack of frugality and the processes of oligarchization of the socio-political system to be especially unsafe. Scientists emphasized the absolute rejection of corruption, lack of social justice, abuse of power. Thus, the advantages and disadvantages of various forms of government were highlighted, in particular, monarchical, aristocratic, democratic. The scientists himself was an active supporter of absolute monarchy and the unshakable authority of the state. At the same time, he focused not so much on the duties of citizens to the state, as on the duties of state representatives to their citizens, the implementation of which can state structure effective, authoritative and legitimate. At the same time, the contribution of T. Hobbes to the development of the philosophy of law is highlighted. In general, it was emphasized that the English scientist comprehensively substantiated his own thought about the immutability of human nature in the form of manifestations of selfishness, individualism, insatiable appetites, unrestrained passions, and the desire for social change. According to the philosopher, only a just, sovereign, authoritative state is capable of curbing the negative manifestations of human nature. In addition, attention focused on the state-forming nature of his philosophy and the scientist’s significant contribution to the development of the theory of the social contract or the contractual origin of the state is highlighted.
Comparative analysis of efficiency of democracy in Ukraine according to the indices of democracy The Economist Democracy Index, Freedom In the World and Polity IV
Authors: Fedoryshynа Kateryna
Published: December 2020

This article represents an analysis of efficiency of Ukrainian democracy within the framework of three popural indices of democracy – The Economist Democracy Index, Freedom In the World index and Polity IV. Comparative analysis shows the core factors which bring three different democratic concepts, used in the indices, to the integral unity. Finding correlation between factors of Ukrainian democracy, measured in the indices through a certain time period (2006-2018), helps getting integral look at the problem of non existent universal theoretic base for understanding democracy. The basic idea of the analysis, represented in this article, shows that different factors, used by indices in measuring democracy, do not evenly correlate in practice, though they represent holistic approach to the essence of democracy. Choosing specific theoretical approach of understanding democracy makes it hard for indices to fully measure real democracy. This analysis aims at searching correlation in different basic factors of democratic models, used by indices with different approaches. As the result of the analysis the article ranks a number of basic factors, used in three popular indices of democracy, according to the strength of correlation of these factors with other factors of the index they represent and with the final score of the index. Integral choice of the basic factors, which correlate with the change of Ukraine’s democratic trends according to the three indices, covers several dimensions of democratic model. Ukrainian democratic trends in the specific time period (2006-2018), as the analysis shows, from integral point of view correlates the most with the changes in electoral process and pluralism, civil liberties and legal restrictions of the executive power. Political culture, political participation and individual rights show weak correlation with Ukrainian democratic trends within the period of time, chosen for the analysis.
Effects of Different Polishing Procedures on the Surface Roughness and Hardness of Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)
Authors: Ozdogan Alper , Tosun Büsra
Published: December 2020

There is insufficient information about the chairside polishing methods of polyether ether ketone material. Therefore, it is aimed in this study to investigate the effects of different polishing processes on polyether ether ketone surface roughness and hardness. A total of 66 disc-shaped specimens made of polyether ether ketone were used in this study. The specimens were polished conventionally and randomly divided into three groups (n=22). One group was designated as the control group, and no further treatment was applied. In the other two groups, the specimens’ surfaces were abraded with diamond burs and polished using two different polishing kits. Their surface roughness and Vickers hardness were measured, and environmental scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy examinations were performed. The data were statistically analysed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s honest significant difference test (α=0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the control and polishing kit groups in terms of either surface roughness or Vickers hardness (p>0.05). The polishing kits can be used reliably and effectively for polishing polyether ether ketone materials.
Passando a limpo a PBL (Problem-based learning): uma revisão internacional ultra-recente
Authors: Irala Valesca Brasil , Blass Leandro , Ribeiro Everton Silveira
Published: December 2020

As metodologias ativas ganharam destaque no campo educacional nos últimos anos e, entre elas, a Problem-Basead Learning (Aprendizagem baseada em problemas, conhecida pela sigla PBL). Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão de escopo numa perspectiva crítica, a partir de trabalhos publicados na literatura internacional ultra-recente (ano de 2020), com foco nas produções acadêmicas voltadas à temática da PBL no ensino superior. Os dados atuais indicam a predominância de delineamentos qualitativos sobre os quantitativos, predominância da língua inglesa para expressar os resultados, adoção do questionário como técnica mais utilizada para a coleta dos dados e, também, que os trabalhos podem ser classificados em três categorias: os que apresentam evidências empíricas consistentes sobre as vantagens para a aprendizagem com a adoção da PBL, os que mapeiam os seus contrapontos e limites e, ainda, os que não apresentam essas evidências, especialmente porque as técnicas de coleta/geração dos dados são indiretas. Conclui-se que há um terreno fértil para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas voltadas à adoção da PBL, especialmente quando o delineamento metodológico aponta para evidências do processo de aprendizagem.
New records of threatened cotingas (Aves, Cotingidae) in fragments of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Bonfim Fernando César Gonçalves , Abreu Junior Paulo Barros de , Carneiro Paulo Luiz Souza , da Silva Sidney Vitorino , Luiz Edson Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

We provide new records of three globally threatened species of bird belonging to the family Cotingidae: Procnias nudicollis (Vieillot, 1817), Xipholena atropurpurea (Wied, 1820), and Cotinga maculata (Statius Müller, 1776). These findings in non-protected areas of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and, for C. maculata, at higher altitudes than previously reported, improve our understanding of the distribution of these threatened species and can aid in conservation efforts to protect them.
Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv,, Tatarchuk T.F. , German D.G. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Published: December 2020

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.
C677T MTHFR polymorphism of the mother as a possible risk factor for the formation of chromosomal aneuploidy in the fetus
Authors:   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Veropotvelyan N.P. , Pogulyay Y.S. ,   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Nesterchuk D.A. ,   The Inter-provincial center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Sviridov M.N. ,   Kryvyi Rih City Hospital No.1, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article presents the data of its own investigation to determine the existence of relationship formation chromosomal aberrations in the fetus with the mother’s genotype polymorphism C677T MTHFR. Materials and methods. Two groups were formed: 1 group – of women with chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus (n=131); 2 group the fruits that have been identified with the use of СA prenatal karyotyping (n=110). By way of comparison groups used women with karyotyped fruits without chromosomal abnormalities (n=139). Control group consisted of 114 healthy women who have one or more of a healthy child. In all groups performed the definition of polymorphism C677T MTHFR. Results. The genotype of C/T was significantly (p<0.01) 1.33 times more common in the group of women who had a fetus with normal karyotype and a control group of women, against women who had a fetus with CA. Genotype T/T was significantly 6.3 times (p<0.01) is more common in women selected for the prenatal diagnosis compared with women in the control group. When calculating the odds ratio shows that the risk of having a fetus with signs of chromosomal aberrations increased 7-fold (OR=7.000) in women with genotype T/T 677 MTHFR. Conclusion. Homozygous genotype for the mutant allele of MTHFR C677T T polymorphism in women with a high probability it determines the group at risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. Key words: folate metabolism, chromosomal abnormalities.
The experience of holding the cycles of assisted reproductive technology with defrost, a biopsy, genetic study and refreezing of embryos in patients with multiple unsuccessful implantations
Authors:   Clinic of reproductive medicine NADIYA, Kyiv, Ukraine, Masliy Y.V. , Sudoma I.O. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Mazur P.S. ,   Clinic of reproductive medicine NADIYA, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mykytenko D.A. ,   Clinic of reproductive medicine NADIYA, Kyiv, Ukraine, Osadchuk S.V. ,   A.A. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The objective: to study the possibility of using frozen blastocysts for biopsy and genetic testing and performance measurement transfer euploeded 5–7-day-old embryos after thawing, biopsies, refreezing and thawing in patients with unsuccessful implantation. Patients and methods. The object of the study was the group of patients with repeated failure of implantation (4) in programs of auxiliary reproductive technologies (ART), subject to transfer to the uterus in total (i.e. in all the programs) for at least 6 good quality embryos based on morphological characteristics). All women had sufficient ovarian reserve. The patient was treated for infertility within the ART programs of the clinic of reproductive medicine "Nadiya" in the period from 2006 to 2016. The sample included couples who were not carriers of chromosomal rearrangements, without anomalies of the uterus (congenital and acquired: a doubling of the uterus, one-horned uterus, intrauterine membrane, synechia, submucous myoma of the uterus). All women had a positive ovarian response to controlled stimulation with gonadotropins (at least 7 oocytes) and a sufficient number of cryopreserved embryos. The first group (G1) included 64 women who trophectodermal a biopsy was performed on fresh blastocysts (in a loop controlled ovarian hyperstimulation). The second group (G2) were included 31 women who underwent thawing previously cryopreserved blastocysts trophectodermal re-biopsy and vitrification of blastocysts. Results. It was found that the performance of transfers euploid embryos that were vitrified, bioptrone and revitriphted, a little lower than those that were bioptrone fresh and vitrified only once. At the same time computationa genetic diagnosis previously vitrified blastocysts using comparative genome hybridization in patients with recurrent failed implantation allows to obtain a reasonable pregnancy rate (58%), implantation rate (33.3 %) and the birth of living children (45.1 %). Conclusion. Reprising biopropane embryos does not cause significant destructive impact and allows you to achieve pregnancy and birth of the alive child. Key words: in vitro fertilization, reusable unsuccessful implantation, a method of comparative genome hybridization, refreezing.
Is it possible the prediction of placental dysfunction?
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Zhuk S.I. , Melnik Yu.M. ,   Kyiv City Center for Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, Ukraine, Pehnio N.V. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study: the study of the initiating mechanisms of development of violations of the fetal-placental relationship to develop prognostic criteria, tactics of pregnancy and delivery in women at high risk. Materials and methods. In the period from 2013 to 2015 a comprehensive examination of 334 pregnant women, which depending on the peculiarities of pregnancy and childbirth were divided into groups. The control group consisted of 236 pregnant women with uncomplicated gestational period, no morphological signs of placental dysfunction. The main group (OG) included 98 patients with a complicated pregnancy who had revealed violations of the fetal-placental relationship, which was confirmed by morphological examination of the placenta immediate postpartum period. Depending on options of course of gestation period pregnant OG were divided into subgroups: subgroup I – 31 pregnant signs of preeclampsia of different severity; subgroup II – 33 pregnant women with clinical and morphological signs of placental dysfunction, subgroup III – 34 pregnant women with threatened miscarriage and premature birth. In addition, to evaluate the effectiveness of prediction and diagnosis of disorders of fetal-placental relationship was highlighted in the comparison group (GP), which included 32 pregnant women with risk factors for placental dysfunction, which carried out the monitoring of the pregnancy by the proposed algorithm. Results. Due to the datas of high-frequency dopplerometry was determined that decline of cerebro-placental index can be the sign of placental dysfunction (p<0.05). At women with placental insufficiency the reliable increase of endothelin-1 (p<0.05), decline of vascular endothelial growth factor (p<0.05) and placental growth factor (p<0.05), increase of interleukin-1b maintenance (p<0.05) and interleukin-3 reduction (p<0.05) were set. It was proven that during placental dysfunction with an absence of high variableness episodes and STV value less than 4,0 points immediate delivery was necessary. Conclusion. It was developed the monitoring, that based on the prognostic markers determination and dynamic control of pregnancy and it allowed to predict placental dysfunction and decrease its clinical signs during pregnancy in 2,5 time and unfavorable delivery outcomes in 1,7 times. Key words: placental dysfunction, prediction, endothelin-1, growth factor, interleukin, dopplerometry, cardiotocography.
Modern possibilities of pre-eclampsia prediction and prevention
Authors:   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine, Lakhno I.V.
Published: December 2020

The objective: study forecasting capabilities and PE drug prevention. Patients and methods. Totally 292 pregnant women and 154 pre-eclamptic patients were enrolled in the study. The traditional combination of biochemical and biophysical tests for the selection of high risk for PE patients were used (PI in the uterine arteries> 2.25; PAPP-A <0.69 MoM; b-hCG>3.0 MoM; AFP>2.5 MoM). Patients of group II were divided into subgroup II A and II subgroup B. This was done to evaluate the complex medical prophylaxis (CMP) of PE, which was administered in the II B subgroup. Results. The prospective study showed the following diagnostic value of a positive result in the screening for PE in subgroup II A. OR was 16.5. The sensitivity of this method was 87,1%, specificity – 71.0%, PPV – 75.0%, NPV – 84.6%, IA – 79.0%. The additional usage of the sympathovagal balance in the position on the right side and active orthostasis increased the predictive value of screening for PE in 4.5 times. The sensitivity of the method was 90.3% and specificity – 84.3%. PPV was 84.8%. NPV had a maximal value – 100.0%. IA – 92.3%. The proposed method of CMP decreased the odds of PE in 8.3 times. Conclusion. This study led to the development of pathogenetically reasonable screening protocol included biochemical and biophysical tests, as well as an effective method of PE prevention. Key words: preeclampsia, screening, drug prevention.
Efficacy and safety assessment of viburcol drug for preparation of uterine cervix for childbirth and prevention of labor anomalies
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Avramenko T.V. , Moschich A.P. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kiev, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The objective is to compare the effectiveness of complex bio-regulatory medication (CBRM) Viburcol, produced by «Biologishe Haylmittel Heel GmbH», Germany, with the reference product No-X-sha, produced by «Lekhim-Kharkov», which are used as antispasmodics, for preparation of uterine cervix for childbirth and prevention of labor anomalies. Patients and methods. 92 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 years, who were randomized into 2 groups: the main group (n=46) and the control (n=46) one, were involved in the study. Viburcol was used for the treatment of pathological preliminary period and prevention of development of labor anomalies. It was prescribed at the end of pregnancy and in the 1st stage of labor, in the morning and in the evening. Two Viburcol suppository every 3-4 hours were given at the onset of labor. Antispasmodic No-X-sha was used in the control group. It was studied the functional state of the sympathetic-adrenal system with fluorometric method, the concentration of noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (A) in the urine, to assess the neurohormonal regulation of labor. The plasma levels of b-estradiol and progesterone were determined to identify the risk of discoordination of labor activity and the state of uterine contractile function. Also, the parameters of uterine contractile activity were analyzed according to cardiotocography. Results. Usage of complex bio-regulatory medication Viburcol promotes adequate cervical ripening and incidence of discoordination of labor activity decreased by 1.5 times. CDRM Viburcol administration in childbirth facilitated the elimination of pathological levels of catecholamines, which led to the development of discoordination of labor activity. Conclusion. The results show the effectiveness of CDRM Viburcol (rectal suppositories) for the prevention of discoordination of labor activity. The medicine meets all modern requirements for antispasmodics and analgesics used during labor: it has analgesic, antispasmodic, anxiolytic effect, eliminates side reflex reactions, reduces the severity of birth stress, it has no adverse effect on the contractile activity of uterus and the fetus condition. Key words: complex bio-regulatory medications, bio-regulatory approach, labor amoralities, preparation of uterine cervix, Viburcol.
Arginine and аrginase levels in the blood serum of pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Basystyi A.V.
Published: December 2020

The objective: to determine arginine and arginase levels in the blood serum of pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation of different severity. Patients and methods. The study included 100 pregnant women (from 23 to 40 weeks of gestation). The main group consisted of 80 pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation. The control group consisted of 20 women with physiological course of pregnancy. The patients of the main group were divided into three clinical groups regarding intrauterine growth retardation staging. Group I included 38 pregnant women with stage I IUGR, 22 pregnant women with stage II IUGR were in group II and 20 pregnant women with stage III IUGR – in group III. L-arginine concentration was determined in the blood serum by the method of T.L. Aleinikova et al [1], arginase activity – by the method of J.W. Geyer, D. Dabich [4]. The statistical analysis was performed by using standard computer programs: STATISTICA 6.0, Microsoft Excel, ANOVA. Statistically significant difference was considered at p<0.05. Results. In the study the reduced level of free arginine in the main group of pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation of different severity was determined if compared with the control group. Fetomaternal gradient of arginine is reduced significantly due to increasing activity of the enzyme arginase, which competitively uses amino acid. Conclusions. The level of reduced free arginine in the blood serum of pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation is directly proportional to the severity of fetal growth retardation: the more severe fetal growth retardation, the more marked arginine deficiency. For correcting metabolic disorders in pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation it is recommended to administer L-arginine containing drugs. Key words: L-arginin, arginase, blood serum, pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation.