bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Pola Kepekaan Antibiotik Bakteri Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Penyebab Infeksi Saluran Kemih di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Pratiwi Evita , Linosefa Linosefa , Amelin Fitrisia
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang. Infeksi saluran kemih merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi bakteri yang umum terjadi pada anak. Kultur urin dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik diperlukan sebelum menegakan diagnosis dan terapi.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pola kepekaan antibiotik bakteri penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase dan Non-Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase penyebab Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2018 – 2020.Metode. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang pada uji sensitivitas bakteri penyebab infeksi saluran kemih pada anak menggunakan VITEK®2. Usia, jenis kelamin, penyakit dasar, bakteri, ESBL, dan pola kepekaan telah diteliti. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 98 orang.Hasil. Hasil penelitian menemukan kasus ISK anak paling banyak pada anak perempuan. Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah 0 – 1 tahun dengan usia rerata 4,5 tahun (standar deviasi, SD ± 5,8 tahun). Tipe infeksi yang banyak ditemukan adalah infeksi saluran kemih simpleks. Selain itu, juga ditemukan kasus kompleks dengan penyakit terbanyak yang mendasari adalah hidronefrosis. Bakteri yang umum menjadi penyebab adalah Escherichia coli (40,3%) dan Klebsiella pneumoniae (26,88%), dengan prevalensi bakteri penghasil enzim extended spectrum beta-lactamase masing-masing 72,7% dan 67,4%. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pola kepekaan bakteri Escherichia coli pada antibiotik ampisilin, aztreonam, seftazidim, siprofloksasin, seftriakson, seftazidim, sefepim, nitrofurantoin, gentamisin, dan trimetoprim/sulfametoksazol. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pola kepekaan bakteri Klebsiella pneumonia pada antibiotik aztreonam, siprofloksasin, seftriakson, ertapenem, dan meropenem.Kesimpulan. Penyebab paling umum infeksi saluran kemih pada anak adalah bakteri enterik Gram-negatif dan terdapat penurunan sensitivitas antibiotik pada bakteri penghasil ESBL.
Fungsi Ginjal Pasien Talasemia Beta Mayor yang Menggunakan Kelasi Besi Oral di Rumah Sakit Umum Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Mailani Fanni Dwi , Haris Syafrudddin , Noviat Heru , Darussalam Dora , Dimiati Herlina , Thaib T.M.
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang. Penderita talasemia beta mayor yang mendapatkan transfusi darah berulang dapat menyebabkan penumpukan besi, sehingga diperlukan pemberian kelasi besi. Deferasirox dan deferipron merupakan agen kelasi besi oral yang umum digunakan. Kelasi besi oral dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi ginjal.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui fungsi ginjal penderita talasemia beta mayor yang menggunaan kelasi besi oral.Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder (rekam medis) selama rentang waktu November 2022 hingga Januari 2023 dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian pasien talasemia beta mayor anak yang mendapatkan terapi kelasi besi oral berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil. Analisis 51 anak talasemia beta mayor yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan rata-rata Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus yang mendapat terapi kelasi oral deferasirox dan deferipron berturut-turut adalah 168,51±27,80 mL/min/1,73m2 dan 187,26±29,97 mL/min/1,73m2. Perbandingan pada kedua kelompok secara statistik terdapat perbedaaan bermakna dengan p=0,025. Kesimpulan. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan dari Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus pada kedua kelompok kelasi besi oral, tetapi tidak didapatkan terjadinya penurunan fungsi ginjal pada semua subjek.
Outcomes of a 3-Year Quality Improvement Study to Improve Advance Care Planning in Patients With Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Patel Arpan , Bowman Chip A. , Prause Nicole , Kilaru Saikiran M. , Nguyen Andrew , Kogekar Nina , Cohen Cynthia , Channen Lindsay , Harty Alyson , Perumalswami Ponni , Dietrich Douglas , Schiano Thomas , Woodrell Christopher , Agarwal Ritu
Published: November 2023

Advance care planning in decompensated cirrhosis is recommended but rarely performed.

INTRODUCTION:

To report outcomes of a 3-year quality improvement pilot study to improve advance directive (AD) completion.

METHODS:

The pilot consisted of champions, education, electronic health record templates, and workflow changes. We assessed changes, predictors, and effects of AD completion.

RESULTS:

The pilot led to greater (8.3%–36%) and earlier AD completion, particularly among those divorced, with alcohol-associated liver disease, and with higher Model of End-Stage Liver Disease–Sodium score. Decedents whose AD specified nonaggressive goals experienced lower hospital lengths of stay.

DISCUSSION:

Advance care planning initiatives are feasible and may reduce health care utilization among decedents requesting less aggressive care.
International Consensus Recommendations for Safe Use of LAMS for On- and Off-Label Indications Using a Modified Delphi Process
Authors: Stefanovic Sebastian , Adler Douglas G. , Arlt Alexander , Baron Todd H. , Binmoeller Kenneth F. , Bronswijk Michiel , Bruno Marco J. , Chevaux Jean-Baptiste , Crinò Stefano Francesco , Degroote Helena , Deprez Pierre H. , Draganov Peter V. , Eisendrath Pierre , Giovannini Marc , Perez-Miranda Manuel , Siddiqui Ali A. , Voermans Rogier P. , Yang Dennis , Hindryckx Pieter
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The study aimed to develop international consensus recommendations on the safe use of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) for on- and off-label indications.

METHODS:

Based on the available literature, statements were formulated and grouped into the following categories: general safety measures, peripancreatic fluid collections, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-biliary drainage, EUS-gallbladder drainage, EUS-gastroenterostomy, and gastric access temporary for endoscopy. The evidence level of each statement was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology.

International LAMS experts were invited to participate in a modified Delphi process. When no 80% consensus was reached, the statement was modified based on expert feedback. Statements were rejected if no consensus was reached after the third Delphi round.

RESULTS:

Fifty-six (93.3%) of 60 formulated statements were accepted, of which 35 (58.3%) in the first round. Consensus was reached on the optimal learning path, preprocedural imaging, the need for airway protection and essential safety measures during the procedure, such as the use of Doppler, and measurement of the distance between the gastrointestinal lumen and the target structure. Specific consensus recommendations were generated for the different LAMS indications, covering, among others, careful patient selection, the preferred size of the LAMS, the need for antibiotics, the preferred anatomic location of the LAMS, the need for coaxial pigtail placement, and the appropriate management of LAMS-related adverse events.

DISCUSSION:

Through a modified international Delphi process, we developed general and indication-specific experience- and evidence-based recommendations on the safe use of LAMS.
MODELING THE POLYMORPHIC VARIETIES OF L4-6-12 GRAPHENE FUNCTIONALIZED BY HYDROXYL GROUP
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Belenkov M.E. , Greshnyakov V.A. , Chernov V.M.
Published: November 2023

Density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation was used to model three new polymorphic varieties of graphene functionalized by the hydroxyl group, consisting only of paired topological defects 4-6-12. Layer modeling was carried out for primitive hexagonal elementary cells with the types of addition of the hydroxyl group T1, T2, T3. Each of the elementary cells contained 36 atoms. As a result of the calculations, it was established that the carbon frame of the initial layer remains stable during functionalization for the T1 and T3 types, while the functionalized layer T2 undergoes destruction. The layer density in hydroxygraphene layers L4-6-12 with attachment types T1 and T3 is 1,34 and 1,36 mg/m2, respectively. This is less than the layer density for similar fluorographene layers by 0,08-0,16 mg/m2. The sublimation energies of stable layers T1 and T3 were 18,16 and 17,37 eV/(COH), respectively. Densities of electronic states and band structures were calculated, in order to determine the band gaps. The value of the band gap width was determined as equal to 3.33 eV for the T1 layer and 1,93 eV for the T3 layer. This enabled the layers thus obtained to be identified as semiconductors.
Stok Karbon dan Status Kondisi Komunitas Mangrove Pulau Simuang Kepulauan Tiworo Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Maharani Maharani , Kharisma Gaby Nanda , Hasidu La Ode Abdul Fajar , Ardiansyah Indra , Prasetya Arif , Riska Riska , Agusrinal Agusrinal , Rosalina Dwi , Ansar Soehardiman
Published: November 2023

Pulau Simuang merupakan salah satu pulau kecil yang ada di guguan Kepulauan Tiworo dengan potensi mangrove yang cukup besar. Sayangnya, studi mengenai status kondisi komunitas dan stok karbon mangrove di Kepulauan Tiworo masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status kondisi komunitas mangrove, biomassa, stok karbon, dan penyerapan CO2 oleh vegetasi mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pulau Simuang, Kepulauan Tiworo, dengan total empat stasiun penelitian. Analisis struktur komunitas mangrove menggunakan metode transek kuadrat. Garis transek dibentangkan tegak lurus dengan garis pantai. Disetiap transek diletakkan empat plot berukuran 100m2. Data yang dikoleksi berupa jenis, jumlah jenis, dan diameter batang (dbh). Analisis data dilakukan untuk menentukan kerapatan, status kondisi, biomassa, stok karbon, dan penyerapan CO2 oleh vegetasi mangrove. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu status kondisi komunitas mangrove di Pulau Simuang masih dalam kategori baik/padat (kerapatan berkisar antara 1825-2775 ind/ha2). Biomassa mangrove diperoleh berkisar antara 213,26 ton/ha2 sampai 506,24 ton/ha2. Stok karbon dan penyerapan CO2 di setiap stasiunberbanding lurus dengan data biomassanya. Stok karbon diperoleh berkisar antara 100,23 ton C/ha2 sampai 237,84 ton C/ha2. Selain itu, penyerapan CO2 oleh vegetasi mangrove berkisar antara 367,51 ton CO2/ha2 sampai 872,08 ton CO2/ha2. Meskipun kondisi mangrove masih dalam kategori baik/padat, masih terdapat sisa aktivitas penebangan mangrove di beberapa lokasi. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya perlindungan kawasan untuk menjaga fungsi ekosistem mangrove di kawasan tersebut.
Analisis Kerapatan dan Tutupan Kanopi Mangrove di Gili Petagan, Lombok Timur
Authors: Puna Salvina Herawaty , Marwan Muh. , Lestariningsih Wiwid Andriyani , Rahman Ibadur
Published: November 2023

Ekosistem mangrove terdapat pada daerah peralihan antara daratan dan lautan yang dapat berkembang pada daerah pasang surut dengan substrat berlumpur atau berpasir. Ekosistem mangrove mempunyai fungsi fisik, ekologi, dan ekonomi. Gili Petagan merupakan salah satu pulau kecil yang terletak di Desa Padak Guar, Kecamatan Sambelia, Kabupaten Lombok Timur dengan luas 56,8 hektar dan didominasi oleh vegetasi mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerapatan dan tutupan kanopi mangrove di Gili Petagan, Kecamatan Sambelia, Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Pengumpulan data kerapatan mangrove menggunakan metode Dombois & Ellenberg, sedangkan data tutupan kanopi mangrove menggunakan metode hemispherical photography. Hasil penelitian ditemukan empat jenis mangrove yaitu Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, dan Sonneratia alba. Kisaran diameter batang mangrove di Gili Petagan yaitu antara 4,7-9,56 cm dengan kisaran basal area yaitu antara 46,66-5.320 m2/ha. Rata-rata kerapatan mangrove sebesar 3.120 ind/ha, termasuk dalam kriteria baik. Kemudian nilai rata-rata tutupan kanopi mangrove sebesar 71%, termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Jenis substrat yang dominan ditemukan pada Gili Petagan yaitu lempung berpasir yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan mangrove.  The mangrove ecosystem is found in transitional areas between land and sea that can develop in tidal areas with muddy or sandy substrates. Mangrove ecosystem have physical, ecological and economic functions. Gili Petagan is a small island located in Padak Guar Village, Sambelia District, East Lombok Regency with an area of 56.8 hectares and is dominated by mangroves. This study aims to determine mangrove’s density and canopy cover in Gili Petagan, Sambelia District, East Lombok Regency. Mangrove density data were collected using the Dombois and Ellenberg method, while data on mangrove canopy cover were obtained using the hemispherical photography method. The result of the study found four mangrove species, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia alba. The range of mangrove trunk diameters on Gili Petagan is between 4.7-9.56 cm with a basal area range of between 46.66-5,320 m2/ha. The average density of mangrove is 3.120 ind/ha, which falls within the "good" criteria. Furthermore, the average value of mangrove canopy cover is 71%, classified as "moderate." The dominant type of substrate found on Gili Petagan is sandy loam which is suitable for mangrove growth.
Evaluation Cost Over-Run in Construction of CFSPP EPC Contract:
Authors: Haryono Sony , Silviana S , Setyo Huboyo Haryono
Published: November 2023

Coal Fired Steam Power Plant (CFSPP) Project is a complex project that requires multidisciplinary knowledge in its implementation. As a result, cost overruns often occur in its implementation. In Indonesia, most power plant projects are using EPC contracts (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction). The contractor is fully responsible for any failures that may occur during the work implementation period. The aim of this study is to compare the realization of completion costs for CFSPP projects with Bill of Quantity (BoQ) and the factors that influence deviations. This research was conducted qualitatively based on the data obtained. Deviations are calculated based on the difference between completion costs and BoQ. Discussions and interviews were conducted with Project Managers and Site Commercial and Risk Managers who were directly involved in construction phase to determine the causes of cost overruns. The result is that the actual cost incurred in the CFSPP project is 3x the cost listed in BoQ. There are cost overruns in each work group including Civil Works, Mechanical Works, Electrical Works and Others Works. Indirect cost realization is 29.84% of total completion cost. The factors that influence cost overruns are: (i) Contractors do not understand the details of the work to be done, (ii) Changes in design and (iii) Realization volume exceeds initial planned volume. The results of this study are expected to be input in preparing owner estimate for CFSPP projects and adding new risk factor lists in CFSPP during construction phase.
M. E. Sarotte, Not One Inch: America, Russia, and the Making of Post-Cold War Stalemate
Authors: Lane Emma
Published: November 2023

Book review on M. E. Sarotte, Not One Inch: America, Russia, and the Making of Post-Cold War Stalemate. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2021. 568 pages. ISBN 978-0-300-25993-3.
Ukraine in a Changing Europe: A New Research Centre at Charles University’s Institute of International Studies
Authors: Korablyova Valeria
Published: November 2023

Report
Editorial
Authors: Asavei Maria Alina , Filipová Lucie , Šír Jan
Published: November 2023

Editorial
Giving a Voice to the Silenced Women of Francoist Spain
Authors: Valentová Kateřina , Macià Farré Marc
Published: November 2023

During the Spanish Civil War and the Francoist dictatorship that followed, women were shielded from the public eye. Their predetermined social role was that of submissive and devoted wives to their husbands as well as homemakers and childcare providers. There are few artistic works that suggest otherwise. However, during the Civil War and after, many women were in fact politically active. They occupied important positions in the resistance and were present along with the men in the trenches. Spanish graphic novels have managed to create many works of fiction based on the Civil War, mainly drawing on (auto)biographical accounts. There are so many significant works dealing with the war and Francoist repression that they represent a genre of their own. Nevertheless, the authors of these works, as well as their main protagonists, are usually men. This is true despite the fact that after the war, during the four decades of the Franco dictatorship, many women suffered from political persecution. The aim of this article is to analyze the role of women outside the domestic space as it appears in selected graphic narratives set in the period of Franco’s regime. Given the extent of the regime’s repression, these works are frequently set in the prisons around Spain where female prisoners were incarcerated and tortured. The narratives we analyze are based on real testimonies from real victims. Their individual experiences are joined together in a collective whose voice has long been silenced until recently.
“Hard” or “Soft”
Authors: Jacobsen Eirik , Danielsen Anne
Published: November 2023

Recent research has shown that the shape, timbre, and intensity of a sound influence the perception of its timing at the micro level of rhythm. In this case study of contemporary Norwegian jazz, we investigate to what extent jazz musicians intentionally use sonic features to shape the micro level of rhythm in their performances. First, we provide an overview of existing research into microrhythm in jazz and auditory perception studies. Then we present results from interviews with five expert jazz musicians about how playing techniques and sound qualities of specific instruments are utilized to influence the perception of timing. We also analyze two selected performances by the musicians to explore the effects of interaction between sonic features and timing in a musical context. The article concludes by discussing the results in the context of findings from empirical research into microlevel auditory perception regarding the perceptual center of sounds (P-center) and auditory stream segregation. The study demonstrates the need to move related research beyond the temporal domain, and to cultivate a more holistic approach to what constitutes groove in jazz and related genres.
Keywords: timing, microrhythm, intensity, timbre, sound shape, P-center, stream segregation
Mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concrete with recycled concrete aggregate, silica fume and nanosilica
Authors: Qamer Muhammad , Ashraf Arslan , Shad Mahboob Anwar , Haider Waqas , Jan Muhammad Awais , Usman Muhammad , Billah Muhammad Baqi , Ibrahim Muhammad
Published: November 2023

The current study addresses the effect of substitution of silica fume and nanosilica on the mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concrete containing recycled coarse aggregate (RCAs). A self-compacting concrete (SCC) was prepared by the incorporation of silica fume and nanosilica as a replacement of cement. Two series of concrete mixtures were prepared in the laboratory. In these series, RCAs with the replacement of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100 % respectively were used with and without supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). J-ring and Slump flow tests were conducted to investigate the fresh properties SCC. The incorporation of supplementary cementitious materials enhanced the properties of SCC and the result showed that the use of these cementitious materials can reduce water absorption and chloride diffusion up to a great extent. The mechanical and durability properties of SCC were determined by different tests like compressive strength test, water absorption test, and rapid chloride migration test. The use of cementitious materials showed a better result after 90 days of compressive strength. The test results indicate that silica fume and nano-silica were very effective and have great resistance against chloride diffusion.
An Evaluation of Groundwater Vulnerability Utilizing GIS-Based Model
Authors: Khan Muhammad Imran , Qamer Muhammad , Mehroz Atta
Published: November 2023

Effective groundwater management requires assessing vulnerability to pollution. While the SINTACS method is widely used, it has limitations by not adequately considering hydrogeological parameters and supplementary data. To address SINTACS limitations, a modified approach (MSVILuLn) incorporates land use/cover and lineaments. Parameter weights were determined using analytic hierarchy process (MSVILuLn-AHP) and network process (MSVILuLn-ANP). Raster layers of nine parameters were analyzed in GIS to evaluate groundwater vulnerability index using SINTACS, MSVILuLn, MSVILuLn-AHP, and MSVILuLn-ANP. Nitrate concentrations from 48 wells were compared to validate results. MSVILuLn-ANP identified more very high/low vulnerability zones compared to others. It showed highest accuracy (91.7%) correlating vulnerability and nitrate levels. MSVILuLn-ANP offers a more comprehensive vulnerability assessment for groundwater management in Raipur city. Integrating SINTACS with GIS and objective weighting methods enhances spatial analysis of sensitive areas and prevents contamination.
A new axiomatics for masures II
Authors: Hébert Auguste
Published: November 2023

Masures are generalizations of Bruhat–Tits buildings. They were introduced by Gaussent and Rousseau in order to study Kac–Moody groups over valued fields. We prove that the intersection of two apartments of a masure is convex. Using this, we simplify the axiomatic definition of masures given by Rousseau.
Closed Majorana representations of {3, 4}+-transposition groups
Authors: Ivanov Alexander A.
Published: November 2023

The paper contributes to Majorana theory. Among the eight non-trivial Norton–Sakuma algebras, four algebras are closed on the set of Majorana generators. These algebras are 2A, 2B, 3C and 4B. The classification of Majorana representations restricted to the closed shapes was anticipated for a long time. In the present article the classification is achieved for shapes restricted to 2A, 3C and 4B and for the set of generating involutions in the target group forming a single conjugacy class. Timmesfeld’s classification of {3, 4}+-transposition groups reduces to consideration of just three groups: L
3(2), G
2(2)' and 3
D
4(2). Each of these groups possesses a unique Majorana representation of the required shape. Only the representation of L
3(2), known before, is based on an embedding into the Monster.
Regular parallelisms on PG(3,ℝ) from generalized line stars: the oriented case
Authors: Löwen Rainer
Published: November 2023

Using the Klein correspondence, regular parallelisms of PG(3, ℝ) have been described by Betten and Riesinger in terms of a dual object, called a hyperflock determining (hfd) line set. In the special case where this set has a span of dimension 3, a second dualization leads to a more convenient object, called a generalized star of lines. Both constructions have later been simplified by the author. Here we refine our simplified approach in order to obtain similar results for regular parallelisms of oriented lines. As a consequence, we can demonstrate that for oriented parallelisms, as we call them, there are distinctly more possibilities than in the non-oriented case. The proofs require a thorough analysis of orientation in projective spaces (as manifolds and as lattices) and in projective planes and, in particular, in translation planes. This is used in order to handle continuous families of oriented regular spreads in terms of the Klein model of PG(3, ℝ). This turns out to be quite subtle. Even the definition of suitable classes of dual objects modeling oriented parallelisms is not so obvious.
Localization operators and inversion formulas for the Dunkl–Weinstein–Stockwell transform
Authors: Soltani Fethi , Maktouf Ibrahim
Published: November 2023

We define and study the Stockwell transform

S
g

\mathscr{S}_{g}

associated to the Dunkl–Weinstein operator

Δ

k
,
β

\Delta_{k,\beta}

and prove a Plancherel theorem and an inversion formula.
Next, we define a reconstruction function

f
Δ

f_{\Delta}

and prove Calderón’s reproducing inversion formula for the Dunkl–Weinstein–Stockwell transform

S
g

\mathscr{S}_{g}

.
Moreover, we define the localization operators

L
g

⁢

(
σ
)

\mathcal{L}_{g}(\sigma)

associated to this transform.
We study the boundedness and compactness of these operators and establish a trace formula.
Finally, we introduce and study the extremal function

F

η
,
k

∗

:=

(

η
⁢
I

+

S
g
∗

⁢

S
g

)

−
1

⁢

S
g
∗

⁢

(
k
)

F^{\ast}_{\eta,\smash{k}}:=(\eta I+\mathscr{S}^{\ast}_{g}\mathscr{S}_{g})^{-1}\mathscr{S}^{\ast}_{g}(k)

, and we deduce best approximate inversion formulas for the Dunkl–Weinstein–Stockwell transform

S
g

\mathscr{S}_{g}

on the Sobolev space

H

k
,
β

s

⁢

(

R
+

d
+
1

)

\mathscr{H}^{s}_{k,\beta}(\mathbb{R}_{+}^{d+1})

.
Improving turn-around times in low-throughput distributed hematology laboratory settings with the CellaVision® DC-1 instrument
Authors: Mayes Cheri , Gwilliam Tracey , Mahe Etienne R.
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Digital pathology is becoming standard in the delivery of timely, high-quality clinical services, inclusive of morphological assessment in laboratory hematology. While many digital hematology systems are designed with high-throughput in mind, CellaVision® has recently developed a low-throughput instrument, the CellaVision® DC-1. The utility of the CellaVision® DC-1 was tested in a distributed laboratory system, with a focus on turn-around times (TATs).

Methods

We evaluated the TATs of a CellaVision® DC-1 workflow, with specimens originating in a small spoke-laboratory referring materials to a central hub-laboratory. Our spoke-laboratories perform on-site complete blood counts (CBC’s) and manual peripheral blood smears (PBS’s), with complex cases referred for review to the hub-laboratory. Baseline TATs were collected, followed by prospective evaluation of 21 cases analyzed using the CellaVision® DC-1, with digital review by spoke-laboratory staff in concert with remote review by hub-laboratory staff. The TATs for the same 21 cases by standard manual assessment were compared.

Results

Improvement in the distribution of TATs using the CellaVision® DC-1 was noted relative to the retrospective spoke-laboratory data (Mann–Whitney U=26, p<0.0001) and the parallel manual PBS review (Wilcoxon W=190, p<0.0001). The CellaVision® DC-1 permitted a significant reduction in case-assessment times (Wilcoxon W=105, p=0.0001). No significant diagnostic discrepancies were identified during the testing timeframe.

Conclusions

We describe a real-world assessment of the CellaVision® DC-1 analyzer in a distributed (hub-and-spoke) laboratory network, linking low-volume laboratories to high-throughput sites. Our evaluation highlights significant improvements in case TATs with a CellaVision® DC-1 assisted digital pathology workflow.
KMT2A maintains stemness of gastric cancer cells through regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling-activated transcriptional factor KLF11
Authors: Deng Chongwen , Ye Chunhua , Liao Xiwang , Zhou Fuyin , Shi Youxiong , Zhong Hong , Huang Junbiao
Published: November 2023

The molecular mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in gastric cancer development are not yet well established. In this study, we demonstrated that KMT2A was highly expressed in gastric cancer and associated with poor outcomes of patients and revealed that KMT2A was significantly associated with stemness and increased nuclear β-catenin in gastric cancer. Mechanistically, KMT2A activated the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus of gastric cancer cells, and then, β-catenin served as a coactivator of KLF11, which promoted the expression of specific gastric cancer stemness-related molecules, including SOX2 and FOXM1. Together, KMT2A is an important epigenetic regulator of gastric cancer stemness, which provides a novel insight to the potential application of targeting against KMT2A in treating gastric cancer.
Space-time evolution characteristics of loaded gas-bearing coal fractures based on industrial μCT
Authors: Zhang Hang , Zhang Tianjun , Pang Mingkun , Wang Dengke , Zeng Fanchao
Published: November 2023

The space-time evolution characteristics of fractures in coal seams under external loads are of great significance for the exploration and development of coalbed methane and the safe mining of coal. In this study, the in situ industrial μCT scanning experiments of gas-bearing coal under triaxial compression conditions was carried out using a loaded coal rock industrial μCT scanning system. The computed tomography (CT) scan images of different deformation stages were obtained. The temporal characteristics and spatial evolution patterns of fractures during gas-bearing coal rupture were investigated by combining image retrieval techniques and fractal theory. The results show that (1) as the axial load increases, the maximum similarity of the CT images showed a gradually decreasing trend. (2) Under the triaxial compression conditions, the number of two-dimensional cracks in a coal-containing gas at different spatial positions exhibited a changing pattern in which it slowly decreased before rapidly increasing. (3) The patterns of change in the three-dimensional fracture rate, fracture density, and fractal dimension were quite similar, showing four stages of slow decline, slow growth, sharp growth, and slow growth again. In contrast, the Euler number exhibited the exact opposite pattern of change. (4) The coal sample space showed prominent zonal failure characteristics. The bottom of the coal sample space position (Area C) near the loading indenter had the most developed cracks and serious damage, the middle of the coal sample space position (Area B) was the second, and the upper of the coal sample space position (Area A) near the fixed indenter had slow fracture development and minimal damage.
Determination of the Number of Breaks in High-Dimensional Factor Models via Cross-Validation
Authors: Zhou Ruichao , Wang Lu , Wu Jianhong
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes a cross-validation method to estimate the number of breaks in high-dimensional factor models. To preserve the original change structure, the parity-splitting strategy is adopted when employing the cross-validation method. The consistency of the estimator is established under some mild conditions. Simulation results show desired finite sample performance of the proposed method, especially in comparison with methods that need to predetermine the tuning parameters.
2021
Authors: Borchard Kurt
Published: November 2023

The manuscript, postmodern in content and form, presents a fragmented, looping narrative of the author’s experience watching 2001: A Space Odyssey contrasted against his, his university’s, and his students’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Separate discussions of the film, eras, ideas, and experiences grow to mutually inform. As the film presents several scenes without contextualization or even dialogue, the structure of writing here jumps, repeats, and overlaps, inviting (and evading) individual interpretation by readers. Readers might consider: parallels between the film and the author’s experience as cyclical; a repetition of central issues or themes understood as both eternal and era-specific; and texts informing each era (and those anxiously living through them) differently. The narrative represents contemporary, fragmented spaces of interpretation, discourse, movement, flow, breath, and masks.
Paired box 6 gene delivery preserves beta cells and improves islet transplantation efficacy
Authors: So Wing Yan , Liao Yilie , Liu Wai Nam , Rutter Guy A , Han Weiping
Published: November 2023

Loss of pancreatic beta cells is the central feature of all forms of diabetes. Current therapies fail to halt the declined beta cell mass. Thus, strategies to preserve beta cells are imperatively needed. In this study, we identified paired box 6 (PAX6) as a critical regulator of beta cell survival. Under diabetic conditions, the human beta cell line EndoC‐βH1, db/db mouse and human islets displayed dampened insulin and incretin signalings and reduced beta cell survival, which were alleviated by PAX6 overexpression. Adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated PAX6 overexpression in beta cells of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice and db/db mice led to a sustained maintenance of glucose homeostasis. AAV‐PAX6 transduction in human islets reduced islet graft loss and improved glycemic control after transplantation into immunodeficient diabetic mice. Our study highlights a previously unappreciated role for PAX6 in beta cell survival and raises the possibility that ex vivo PAX6 gene transfer into islets prior to transplantation might enhance islet graft function and transplantation outcome.
Transcriptional profiling of Kiss1 neurons from arcuate and rostral periventricular hypothalamic regions in female mice
Authors: Manchishi Stephen , Prater Malwina , Colledge William Henry
Published: November 2023

In brief

The transcriptional profiles of Kiss1 neurons from the arcuate and the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle of the hypothalamus have been directly compared in diestrous female mice. Differentially expressed genes provide molecular signatures for these two populations of Kiss1 neurons and insights into their physiology.

The neuropeptide kisspeptin is produced by Kiss1 neurons and is required for normal mammalian fertility. The two main populations of Kiss1 neurons are located in the arcuate (ARC) and the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle (RP3V) of the hypothalamus. To define the molecular signature of these Kiss1 populations, transcriptomics profiling was performed using purified Kiss1 neurons from diestrous stage female mice. From a data set of 7026 genes, 332 differentially expressed transcripts were identified between the Kiss1ARC and Kiss1RP3V neurons. These data have uncovered novel transcripts and expanded the receptor expression, co-transmitter and transcription factor profiles of Kiss1 neurons. Validation by quantitative RT-PCR confirmed differential expression of Cartpt, Ddc, Gal, Gda, Npy2r, Penk, Rasp18, Rxfp3, Slc18a2, and Th in Kiss1RP3V neurons and Gpr83, Hctr2, Nhlh2, Nmn, Npr3, Nr4a2, Nr5a2, Olfm2, Tac2 and Tacr3 in Kiss1ARC neurons. Enriched pathways common to both Kiss1 populations included the NF-kB, mTor, endocannabinoid, GPCR, Wnt and oestrogen signalling while some pathways (e.g. cytomegalovirus infection, dopaminergic and serotonergic biosynthesis) were specific to Kiss1RP3V neurons. Our gene expression data set augments the existing data sets describing the transcriptional profiles of Kiss1 neuronal populations.
Natural constants as properties of the Spacetime structure. A geometrical and mathematical design
Authors: Gómez Jose , Engholm Douglas
Published: November 2023

In current physics there are two Natural constants with meanings that remain unresolved: the Cosmological and the Fine Structure constants. Both are related to the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. Here we attempt to give meaning to each of these constants and the relationship that can exist between them by proposing a new system of units based on Spacetime Structure. We will extend this new concept to unsolved questions in physics and cosmology, as well as describing the process by which the Spacetime Structure premises were developed to provide a basis for our thesis that Spacetime is quantized in energy-linked equidistant vertices separating the Compton electron wavelength and time. Spacetime is an omni-tensional structure that contains the energy and mass composing the Universe. Within this structure atoms and photons undergo quantized movement from vertex to vertex, where the angle change between structural vertices produces the Spacetime curvature. We propose that the Fine Structure constant (α) is related to Spacetime Structure, and that physical properties of matter and energy can be translated to Structural or Spacetime Units, where Natural constants are described by mathematical relationships between the three pure numbers π, φ and α.
Estudio de las transiciones de fase inducidas por tratamiento térmico de temple y revenido en el acero 1045.
Authors: Trujillo Alejandro , Guerrero Rosalba , Bravo Jorge
Published: November 2023

In this work we report the characterization of a sample of steel 1045 subjected to the thermal treatment of  quenching in water and quenching and tempering. The sample was made available by the Bholer,Company, Peru. Taking as reference the results of this characterization, the phase transformations that take place when a sample is subjected to the above mentioned treatments, are studied. The applied techniques were optical microscopy, dispersive Mössbauer spectroscopy and X ray fluorescence . The images by optical microscopy of the sample in its as received state, as “acero-ST”, reveals the presence of ferrite and perlite. The image of the sample quenched in water identified as ‘acero-agua’ reveals the presence of martensite; and the sample in the quenching and tempering state, denominated “acero –agua R” reveals the presence of the denominated tempered martensite. In addition, the measurements of hardness were carried out obtaining 219 HB, 634 HB and 525 HB for the samples acero-ST, acero-agua and acero-agua R respectively. The Mössbauer spectrum of the “acero-ST” sample exhibits two sextets associated to ferrite and perlite.  The Mössbauer spectrum for the sample “acero-agua” exhibits the presence of three magnetic sextets assigned to iron sites present in matensite,  that are occupied by the first three neighbors of each carbon atom. The Mössbauer spectrum that corresponds to the “acero-agua R” shows three magnetic sextets associated to annealed martensite.  In addition to iron, the X-ray fluorescence spectra of the samples under study show the presence of manganese, copper and chromium. We pretend that these obtained results will contribute to a better knowledge of the phase transformations that take place in Steel 1045 in the tempered in water and normalized states. Moreover, we look forward for better cooperation ties between the industrial and the academic sectors.
Įtariamojo apibūdinimo ir galimo veikos motyvo poveikis išreiškiant įtarimą ikiteisminio tyrimo metu: policijos pareigūnų ir studentų grupių palyginimas
Authors: Cicėnaitė Gintarė , Barysė Dovilė
Published: November 2023

The initial hypothesis can guide the pre-trial investigator’s decision to form a suspicion regarding the crime. This hypothesis can be based not on all available evidence assessment but intuitive decisions. When initial criminal act assessment is based on expectations or experience, confirmation bias can affect individuals’ decisions. This human cognitive tendency can operate by two mechanisms – selective information search and biased interpretation of information. Confirmation bias can contribute to biased suspicion by leading the investigator to seek and interpret evidence that confirms prior conviction about the crime. Police investigator’s decision to express suspicion towards a specific person can be based on evaluating suspect as criminal and, in that way, affixing the criminal label to suspect. The goal of this study was to find out whether the description of the suspect and possible motive can affect the expression of suspicion and evaluation of available information during criminal act assessment. In a two-part experiment, criminal investigators (N = 40), criminology (N = 63), and law (N = 53) students read a condensed case and had to express suspicion, rate to which extent additional evidence indicated that suspect was involved in the crime and choose further investigation lines. The initial hypothesis was manipulated by providing information about the suspect and motive. Overall, stronger suspicion and biased interpretation of evidence indicative of the suspect’s guilt occurred when a motive and description of the suspect were presented. Professional experience and degree had an impact on the expression of suspicion and biased information interpretation. After reading a criminal case, police investigators expressed stronger suspicion and continued to selectively search for evidence confirming their prior suspicion that the main suspect was involved in the crime, also evaluated all available evidence as indicating the suspect‘s guilt. In this study, students‘ assessments of the crime differed – the expressed suspicion and evaluation of evidence as indicating suspect’s guilt made by law students were significantly weaker than by police investigators.
Social Drivers of Health and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Outcomes
Authors: Alizadeh Faraz , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Mayourian Joshua , Brown Ella , Barreto Jessica A. , Blossom Jeff , Bucholz Emily , Newburger Jane W. , Kheir John , Vitali Sally , Thiagarajan Ravi R. , Moynihan Katie
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Relationships between social drivers of health (SDoH) and pediatric health outcomes are highly complex with substantial inconsistencies in studies examining SDoH and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) outcomes. To add to this literature with emerging novel SDoH measures, and to address calls for institutional accountability, we examined associations between SDoH and pediatric ECMO outcomes.

METHODS

This single-center retrospective cohort study included children (<18 years) supported on ECMO (2012–2021). SDoH included Child Opportunity Index (COI), race, ethnicity, payer, interpreter requirement, urbanicity, and travel-time to hospital. COI is a multidimensional estimation of SDoH incorporating traditional (eg, income) and novel (eg, healthy food access) neighborhood attributes ([range 0–100] higher indicates healthier child development). Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, ECMO run duration, and length of stay (LOS).

RESULTS

540 children on ECMO (96%) had a calculable COI. In-hospital mortality was 44% with median run duration of 125 hours and ICU LOS 29 days. Overall, 334 (62%) had cardiac disease, 92 (17%) neonatal respiratory failure, 93 (17%) pediatric respiratory failure, and 21 (4%) sepsis. Median COI was 64 (interquartile range 32–81), 323 (60%) had public insurance, 174 (34%) were from underrepresented racial groups, 57 (11%) required interpreters, 270 (54%) had urban residence, and median travel-time was 89 minutes. SDoH including COI were not statistically associated with outcomes in univariate or multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

We observed no significant difference in pediatric ECMO outcomes according to SDoH. Further research is warranted to better understand drivers of inequitable health outcomes in children, and potential protective mechanisms.
Participação democrática como instrumento de controle social da gestão pública
Authors: Rodrigues Maranhão Laisla Shirley , Dos Santos Rosa Lucia Cristina , Guimarães Jairo de Carvalho
Published: November 2023

No Brasil, a partir do processo de redemocratização, diversos rearranjos políticos e sociais ocorreram, sendo os mais notáveis a mudança política estatal, a descentralização do poder e a mobilização dos grupos em desvantagem na busca do atendimento de suas demandas. Neste particular, persiste uma tensão explícita entre os movimentos sociais e a representação política, característica típica das democracias liberais, especialmente no caso brasileiro, isto porque a participação ativa do cidadão é o mecanismo pelo qual se estabelece o controle social, ou seja, o processo de regulação do Estado pelos civis, o qual busca considerar os interesses dos indivíduos nas decisões públicas. Este estudo visa a compreender os mecanismos estabelecidos entre sociedade e Estado, analisando as motivações da participação civil nos espaços políticos, concluindo que, nas democracias contemporâneas, a participação ativa do sujeito social e o controle social exercido pelos arranjos coletivos – face à força política que respalda a resistência e o consenso nos territórios de entendimento – tendem a assegurar os direitos básicos e a justiça social, razão pela qual se reconhece a relevância dos espaços de participação como referência para o consubstanciamento da democracia ativa.
Faktor Pendukung dan Tantangan Menuju Kesetaraan Gender
Authors: Pahlevi Rijal , Rahim Rahimin Affandi Abdul
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi diskriminasi berbasis gender dan faktor pendukungnya, serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam mencapai kesetaraan gender. Diskriminasi berbasis gender terus menjadi masalah yang signifikan di berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk di tempat kerja, pendidikan, dan dalam hubungan sosial. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis akar masalah diskriminasi berbasis gender dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis literatur dengan mengumpulkan data dari sumber-sumber yang relevan seperti jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan laporan penelitian terkait. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa diskriminasi berbasis gender diindikasikan oleh stereotipe gender yang berlaku dalam masyarakat, perbedaan perlakuan terhadap individu berdasarkan jenis kelamin, dan ketidakadilan dalam akses terhadap sumber daya dan kesempatan. Beberapa faktor pendukung yang memperkuat diskriminasi berbasis gender termasuk norma sosial yang patriarkal, kurangnya kesadaran akan pentingnya kesetaraan gender, dan ketidaksetaraan kekuasaan antara pria dan wanita. Selain itu, media massa juga memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk persepsi masyarakat terhadap gender dan dapat memperkuat stereotipe yang ada. Tantangan dalam mencapai kesetaraan gender meliputi resistensi terhadap perubahan yang dilakukan oleh kelompok yang memperoleh manfaat dari ketimpangan gender, kurangnya dukungan kebijakan yang kuat, dan kurangnya partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat dalam memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender.
Aktualisasi Budaya Toleransi Beragama di Sekolah Kharisma Bangsa Tangerang
Authors: Gunawan Adib
Published: November 2023

Keberagaman di Indonesia tidak hanya terbatas pada budaya dan etnik, melainkan juga agama yang keseluruhannya dirangkum dalam nilai-nilai Pancasila dan Kebhinekaan. Namun, di setiap kemajemukan kerap saja muncul tantangan dalam bentuk pandangan, sikap dan tindakan-tindakan yang merongrong keragaman tersebut, sikap-sikap eksklusif, intoleran, bahkan ekstrem. Oleh karenanya, pemahaman tentang pentingnya wawasan ke-Indonesiaan yang multireliji perlu ditanamkan di tiap lingkungan, tidak terkecuali lingkungan sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran umum, konsep, implementasi dan dampak dari toleransi beragama di Sekolah Kharisma Bangsa Tangerang. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif (mixed methods). Pendekatan kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan toleransi beragama, konsep, implementasi dan dampak budaya toleransi beragama di Sekolah Kharisma Bangsa School Tangerang. Sedangkan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk mendeskripsikan budaya toleransi beragama siswa di Sekolah Kharisma Bangsa. Di sini siswa beradaptasi dengan mengedepankan kesamaan-kesamaan yang dimiliki sebagai sesama siswa. Konsep toleransi beragama di sekolah kharisma bangsa terinspirasi dari pemikiran toleransi beragama dari ulama M. Fethullah Gulen, yakni: melihat manusia adalah sama-sama ciptaan Allah SWT, sehingga tidak dibenarkan menghakimi nasib pemeluk agama lain di akhirat kelak. Implementasi dari konsep Toleransi Beragama di Sekolah Kharisma Bangsa adalah: Sekolah menerima guru dan siswa non muslim, tidak mewajibkan siswi berjilbab, namun sekolah membuat seragam yang sopan, lengan panjang dan rok panjang. Sekolah membuat kurikulum pembinaan yang mengandung muatan topik-topik toleransi beragama. Sekolah menyediakan guru agama sesuai dengan agama siswa.