bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of Testing of Athletes in Martial Arts Using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) Method (on the Example of Women’s Boxing, Kyokushinkai Karate, Fencing, and WKF Karate)
Authors: Kindzer Bogdan , Nikitenko Serhii , Vyshnevetskyi Serhii , Kukurudziak Ihor , Ilnytskyi Ivan , Busol Veronika , Bohdan Ihor , Semeryak Zoryana , Cynarski Wojciech J.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The study aims to investigate SEBT indicators in female representatives of various types of single combats and to identify differences between them. The research was conducted at the Lviv State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Bobersky, Ukraine in November-December 2023. Female university students aged 18-22 participated in the study: 10 representatives from Kyokushinkai karate, 6 from boxing, 8 from fencing (epee), and 7 from WKF karate. Research methods: analysis of literary sources and materials from the Internet; anthropometry; SEBT; methods of mathematical statistics. The hypothesis of this work is confirmed by the results of the conducted research, which indicates that engaging in a certain type of combat sport has its specific imprint (profile) on the SEBT indicators. The results of the correlations of SEBT indicators in boxing and fencing representatives indirectly indicate the asymmetric impact of these single combats on the arms and legs of a person's body. The SEBT results of Kyokushinkai karate representatives indicate the symmetry and uniform development of the left and right parts of the body. The indicators of the WKF karate representatives occupy an intermediate place in this comparison: the peculiarities of their SEBT indicators show that along with symmetrical manifestations, asymmetric ones are also observed.
Selection of Urban Trees to Enhance Pollinator Food Resources: Comprehensive Consideration of Various Factors for Productivity Comparison
Authors: Na Sung-Joon , Park Ji-Min , Kim Young-ki
Published: September 2024

The decline in global pollinator populations has raised serious concerns about the sustainability of ecosystems and agricultural productivity. Urban environments, often characterized by habitat loss and environmental stressors, are considered challenging habitats for pollinators. However, urban green spaces, including street and ornamental trees, can play a crucial role in supporting pollinators by providing essential food resources. This study aimed to evaluate the sugar and amino acid production of eight urban tree species to determine their potential contributions to pollinator nutrition. Our findings revealed significant variability among species regarding nectar volume, sugar content, and amino acid composition, emphasizing the importance of considering multiple factors when assessing the utility of floral resources. Consequently, Tilia amurensis, Heptacodium miconioides, Aesculus turbinata, and Wisteria floribunda demonstrated superior potential in supporting urban pollinator communities. Contrastingly, Sorbus commixta, Styrax japonicus, and Cornus kousa, often favored for their aesthetic appeal, showed less potential. This study underscores the need for urban tree selection that prioritizes species that provide diverse and abundant nutritional resources for pollinators while balancing aesthetic and ecological values. Our results offer a foundation for better-informed urban biodiversity management and contribute to creating pollinator-friendly urban environments.
Comparison of SF-36 and RAND-36 in Cardiovascular Diseases. A Reliability Study
Authors: García-Sánchez Estrella , Santamaría-Peláez Mirian , Benito Figuerola Eva , Carballo García María José , Chico Hernando Miguel , García García Juan Marcos , González-Bernal Jerónimo J. , González-Santos Josefa
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Health-related quality of life is crucial to assess the impact of cardiovascular diseases and to guide therapeutic strategies. The Short Form 36 Health Survey and the RAND 36-Item Health Survey questionnaires are common tools for measuring health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease, but their reliability may vary according to the population studied. The aim of this study is to compare the reliability of the SF-36 and the RAND-36 in a population with cardiac pathology, addressing the question of which of these instruments offers a more consistent and useful measurement in this specific group. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study carried out at the University Hospital of Burgos (Spain). 413 patients with cardiovascular pathology referred to the Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit were included. Patients with incomplete data or who did not participate in the program were excluded. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), item-total correlation and reliability and a half-half analysis were performed. Results: Both questionnaires showed similar and adequate reliability for patients with cardiovascular pathology. Internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha, was above 0.80 for most dimensions, supporting its robustness. Significant inter-item and inter-dimension correlations were found in both scales, except in some specific cases in the dimension ‘Physical Functioning’. The half-half analysis confirmed the good reliability of both scales. Conclusions: Both the SF-36 and the RAND-36 are highly reliable tools for assessing health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease. The results may have significant implications for clinical practice, helping in the selection of health-related quality of life monitoring instruments and in the evaluation of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine: Synergy with Multi-Omics Data Generation, Main Hurdles, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Desta Getnet Molla , Aserese Molalegne Bitew
Published: September 2024

The field of personalized medicine is undergoing a transformative shift through the integration of multi-omics data, which encompasses genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. This synergy allows for a comprehensive understanding of individual health by analyzing genetic, molecular, and biochemical profiles. The generation and integration of multi-omics data enable more precise and tailored therapeutic strategies, improving the efficacy of treatments and reducing adverse effects. However, several challenges hinder the full realization of personalized medicine. Key hurdles include the complexity of data integration across different omics layers, the need for advanced computational tools, and the high cost of comprehensive data generation. Additionally, issues related to data privacy, standardization, and the need for robust validation in diverse populations remain significant obstacles. Looking ahead, the future of personalized medicine promises advancements in technology and methodologies that will address these challenges. Emerging innovations in data analytics, machine learning, and high-throughput sequencing are expected to enhance the integration of multi-omics data, making personalized medicine more accessible and effective. Collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, and industry stakeholders are crucial to overcoming these hurdles and fully harnessing the potential of multi-omics for individualized healthcare.
Advancements in Hydroponics: A Review of Machine Learning and IoT Innovations
Authors: Gourshettiwar Palash , Reddy KTV
Published: September 2024

This review explores the critical difficulties confronting global agriculture in the face of changing climate patterns and limited resources, highlighting the importance of sustainable practices. With agriculture as the largest consumer of water worldwide, sustainable techniques are critical for long-term survival and ecological harmony. Even with advancements, rapid population increase and changing environment conditions demand immediate investment in cutting-edge technologies. Optimizing agricultural operations, increasing output, and reducing resource waste can be achieved through smart farming, which utilizes machine learning and Internet of Things tech-nologies. Particular difficulties like decreasing cultivator proportions and rising costs are empha-sized, with a focus on developing nations where agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy. Additionally, the anticipated rise in food demand highlights how urgent it is to find sustainable alternatives. But problems like inappropriate land and agricultural land fragmentation still exist, necessitating creative solutions. The paper explores how agriculture could be revolutionized by machine learning and IoT-based hydroponics, providing insights into how to improve resilience, productivity, and sustainability in the face of changing environmental and socioeconomic dy-namics. Through a thorough investigation, this paper advances the discussion on sustainable ag-riculture by demonstrating the important role that technology-driven strategies play in addressing concerns about environmental sustainability and global food security.
Innovative Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Nanofiltration Membrane Fabricated Through Spin-Spray Assisted Layer-by- Layer Assembly
Authors: Fadhillah Farid , Kriaa Karim , Ali Fekri Abdulraqeb Ahmed , Aljlil Saad
Published: September 2024

Spin Assisted Layer-by-Layer (SA-LbL) assembly is one of the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly variants. It is considered as the fastest LbL assembly, however, the deficiency of layering quality on bigger polymeric support size poses a significant challenge to the application of SA-LbL assembly at a larger or industrial scale. To address the challenge, combined spin-spray assisted Layer-by-Layer (SSA-LbL) is employed to prepare membrane. In this study, nanofiltration (NF) thin film composite membranes were prepared by alternate deposition of branched-polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) on polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane support. The resulting membrane was then tested to separate NaCl from water. One of the membranes produced in this work, i.e., (PEI/PSS)10 achieved rejection rate of 76.2 %; permeability of 2.79 l/h·m2·bar tested at pressure of 10 bar, temperature of 24.58 ± 0.51 °C , and NaCl-Feed concentration of 2076.75 ± 40.51 ppm. The membrane fouling resistance was also examined in 5 days-test. The membrane showed stable performance and lost only about 30% flux from the initial flux due to fouling which was comparable to that of commercial NF membrane such as NF90. Hence, this work shows that SSA-LbL can be considered as a promising and innovative membrane fabrication technique as it offers flexibility and applicability for preparing membrane from various materials as well as pertinence to industrial scale.
Thermochromic Polymers in Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Patent Landscape Analysis
Authors: Breheny Colette , Donlon Kieran , Harrington Alan , Colbert Declan Mary , Nunes Bezerra Gilberto Silva , Geever Luke
Published: September 2024

This study addresses the gap in research on the application of thermochromic polymers (TPs) in food packaging and their potential for real-time temperature monitoring, aiding in the assessment of food quality and shelf-life. TPs exhibit a visible color change in response to temperature varia-tions. A comprehensive systematic review (SR) across multiple engineering peer-review databases using predefined terms was conducted. Additionally, international patent databases were inves-tigated using the same predefined terms. Independent experts reviewed the methodology to identify and address potential biases. A total of 288 eligible articles and 922 patents were identified. After a duplicate selection and extraction process according to the inclusion criteria, four related full-text publications were selected from the initial 288 articles, and five relevant patents were selected from the 922 patents. The qualitative review suggests that TPs hold significant promise as food packaging materials due to their unique physical properties. The study concludes that TPs offer valuable properties for the food packaging industry, meriting further investigation to exploit their benefits fully.
Social Diversity in Focus: Assessing the Impact of Socioeconomic Backgrounds and Work Experience on Psychological Well-being and Academic Confidence Among German First-Year Medical Students
Authors: Gellisch Morris , Bablok Martin , Brand-Saberi Beate , Schäfer Thorsten
Published: September 2024

This investigation pioneers an examination of the scarcely explored terrain of social diversity in medical education, assessing the complex impacts of socioeconomic status (SES), prior working experiences, and completed apprenticeships on a spectrum of psychological and academic facets among first-year medical students (n = 336) in an urban university setting. By utilizing a systematic and detailed approach, the study illuminates prior anatomical knowledge and various psycholog-ical constructs, marking a significant stride into a domain where knowledge remains profoundly limited. Analyses indicated that SES significantly affects financial anxiety (F(4, 331) = 17.391, p < .001) and academic behavioral confidence (F(4, 331) = 4.323, p = 0.002). Students with prior working experience reported higher self-perceived clinical experience but lower A-level grades (t(279.459) = -6.690, p < .001), competence in natural sciences (t(321.045) = -3.178, p = 0.002), and online competence (t(319.429) = -2.026, p = 0.044). Those who completed an apprenticeship showed higher resilience, academic confidence, self-efficacy, and greater concerns about balancing studies and work (t values ranging from 2.020 to 3.158, p < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between resilience (RQS) and coping with academic stress (CAS) (r = 0.632, p < .001), as well as between resilience and academic behavioral confidence (ABC) (r = 0.608, p < .001). Negative correlations were observed between resilience, coping with academic stress, academic confidence, and cognitive test anxiety (CTA) (r values from -0.235 to -0.404, p < .001). The findings emphasize the need for tailored support for students from diverse SES backgrounds and with varying expe-riences. The study highlights the value of a comprehensive approach in medical education, con-sidering the diverse backgrounds and experiences of students. Future research should explore the long-term impact of these factors on professional competencies and patient care, leveraging the diversity of the student body for a holistic educational experience.
Interleukin-33 and Obesity-Related inflammation and Cancer
Authors: Kowitt Cameron , Zhang Qiuyang
Published: September 2024

Obesity and chronic inflammation are well-known risk factors for cancer. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) functions in inflammatory diseases, particularly those related to obesity and cancer. However, the correlation and molecular mechanisms linking IL-33, obesity, and cancer remain unclear. IL-33 is a nuclear cytokine released as an alarm signal when cells are damaged or stressed. It is expressed in epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblast-like cells during normal conditions and in-flammation. When IL-33 is present, immune cells expressing the IL-1RL1/ST2 receptor are alerted in response to tissue damage or cell injury. Research on IL-33 and its correlation with obesity has revealed improvements in inflammatory and metabolic changes associated with obesity. IL-33 can have both pro-tumorigenic and antitumorigenic effects, depending on the cellular content, in-flammatory environment, expression levels, and bioactivity of IL-33. This review will discuss the various functions of IL-33 in obesity-driven inflammation and cancers and how they intersect.
Modeling Algorithms for Empowering Automated Manufacturing with Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Nagai Yukie
Published: September 2024

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a technology that can non-destructively acquire volumetric images of objects. It is the only commercialized and practical measurement of the inner geometry of objects with micrometer-order accuracy. Microfocus X-ray CT scanners have been widely used in several manufacturing industries. The main applications range from typical observation and inspection to precision measurement and geometry acquisition. They are expanding beyond manufacturing (e.g., science, archeology, and food industries). This review describes the requirements for the use of X-ray CT scanners in the manufacturing industry and their modeling techniques. Recently, there have been growing expectations for the introduction of CT scanners for the high-accuracy acquisition of geometry and inline inspection for manufacturing automation. This requires quality and fast measurement data generation and scan data processing methods. Therefore, this paper presents attempts in the field of modeling for this purpose. The latest topics will also be covered, including large-scale CT and 4DCT.
Design and Analysis of Rehabilitation Evaluation System for Finger Rehabilitation Robot
Authors: Lu Guangda , Liu Xinlin , Zhang Qiuyue , Zhao Zhuangzhuang , Li Runze , Li Zheng
Published: September 2024

The current rehabilitation evaluation methods for patients with hand dysfunction face issues such as inconsistent standards and incomplete quantification processes. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a rehabilitation evaluation system that integrates various rehabilitation training modes and leverages an exoskeleton finger rehabilitation robot. This system is carefully designed and thoroughly analyzed based on the diverse training modes offered by the rehabilitation robot. Twenty stroke patients and six healthy subjects were recruited to perform grasping of static objects and gesture movement experiments, which were evaluated by Brunnstrom’s motor evaluation and rehabilitation evaluation tests, respectively, and the results were compared. The experimental results showed that the results of the robotic rehabilitation evaluation of the 20 patients were consistent with the clinical Brunnstrom motor grades, which verified the accuracy of the rehabilitation evaluation system that was designed in this study.
Design Optimization of Continuous Fiber Arrangement Using Lamination Parameters in Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Jimbo Koki , Shitani Tohru , Nakajima Satoshi , Morita Shinya
Published: September 2024

Continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) can be used in material extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM). By appropriately arranging and orienting the continuous fibers, lightweight or high-strength mechanical parts and structures with complex deformation behavior and locally modified stiffness can be fabricated. Although many studies have been conducted to optimize the arrangement of continuous fibers fabricated using CFRP in AM, most of them have focused on the mechanical properties of the fabricated object in the lamination plane. This focus is due to the characteristics of AM, in which continuous fibers are placed in a plane and then layered, allowing for optimization at a relatively low computational cost. However, the computational cost of targeting mechanical properties outside the fabrication plane is enormous, making optimization design difficult. Furthermore, if the fiber material is arranged discontinuously, a process to cut the fibers is required during fabrication, resulting in decreased productivity and fabrication accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the fiber arrangement, considering the continuity of the fiber material. To address these problems, this study aims to propose an efficient fiber arrangement optimization method, considering the continuity of the fiber material. For efficient stiffness optimization, the stiffness is represented by a combination of lamination parameters that have been used in the lamination design of CFRP sheets. A genetic algorithm was employed as the optimization algorithm. The proposed method using lamination parameters was implemented, and a case study of fiber arrangement optimization was performed on a simple structure. In addition, a full search was performed to evaluate all possible fiber arrangements for the target structure. The results of the proposed method and the full search confirmed the reliability of the proposed method, which achieved results that were equivalent to the best results obtained in the full search. In addition, a conventional method that directly optimizes the fiber arrangement as a design parameter was implemented. This result was compared with that of the proposed method. For a simple structure with a small number of layers, averaged over 20 runs, the conventional method converged faster than the proposed method, but the convergence speed worsened as the number of layers increased. Moreover, the fiber arrangement obtained by the conventional method was less continuous than the result of the proposed method. These results confirm the usefulness of the proposed method.
Longitudinal Impact of Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization on Abortion Service Delivery in Ohio, 2022‒2023
Authors: Smith Mikaela H. , McGowan Michelle L. , Kerestes Courtney , Bessett Danielle , Norris Alison H.
Published: September 2024

Objectives. To assess the impact of Ohio’s abortion policy changes on abortion provision following Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization.

Methods. We analyzed quantitative and write-in responses from an ongoing survey of 6 abortion facilities in Ohio for 3 time periods: January‒June 2022 (pre- Dobbs), July‒September 2022 (6-week ban in effect), and October 2022‒June 2023 (post- Dobbs, ban blocked). We disaggregated counts by method, gestation, and state of residence.

Results. Following Dobbs, Ohio banned abortions after detection of embryonic cardiac activity, and monthly abortion provision decreased 56%. Several months after the ban was lifted, monthly abortion means exceeded pre- Dobbs means. The percentage of patients from out of state increased over time.

Conclusions. The post- Dobbs enactment of a restrictive abortion ban drastically reduced availability of reproductive health care in Ohio. Nevertheless, Ohio remained an important destination for patients from surrounding states with abortion restrictions.

Public Health Implications. Gestational bans decrease access to necessary health care; instead, states like Ohio should work to eliminate barriers to abortion care to support the health and well-being of people in their own and surrounding states. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(10):1034–1042. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307775 )
Mitigating the Risk of Instability After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Bindi Victoria E. , Buchanan Timothy R. , Cueto Robert J. , Hones Keegan M. , Wright Thomas W. , Schoch Bradley S. , King Joseph J. , Hao Kevin A.
Published: September 2024

» Instability and dislocation after reverse shoulder arthroplasty may occur in up to 31% of patients.

» Clinical risk factors for instability include younger age, male sex, increased body mass index, preoperative diagnosis of proximal humerus fracture or rotator cuff pathology, history of instability of the native shoulder or after surgery, and a medical history of Parkinson’s disease.

» Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and decreased proximity to the coracoid may also be at greater risk.

» In patients at a high risk of instability, surgeons should consider a more lateralized prosthesis (particularly in patients with an incompetent rotator cuff), repairing the subscapularis (particularly when using a medialized prosthesis), and upsizing the glenosphere (>40 mm in male and 38–40 mm in female patients).

» While potentially useful, less evidence exists for the use of a constrained liner (particularly with a lateralized glenosphere and/or in low-demand patients) and rotating the polyethylene liner posteriorly to avoid impingement.

Level of Evidence:

Level V. Narrative Review. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparison of numerical simulations of heat-induced stress in basalt
Authors: Mondragon Tomas , Allen Jeffrey , Patel Reena , Taylor Oliver-Denzil
Published: September 2024

Energy losses due to excessive noise and heat are primary liabilities in traditional mining processes. Some of the currently researched methods to improve these liabilities involve heating the rock to induce internal stress fractures that make it easier to extract or remove rock with traditional mining equipment. Physical experimentation has yielded useful data that have been applied to numerical simulations of the heating and fracturing of rock, and multiple such simulations have been developed in the commercial multiphysics simulator COMSOL. Since COMSOL is not widely available on DoD high-performance computers, the goal of this research is to develop methods of replicating simulations developed in COMSOL as simulations that run in Abaqus FEA, another commercial multiphysics simulator. In this work, a simulated basalt cylinder with a 25 mm radius and a 158 mm height is subjected to a surface heat flux approximating the effects of a laser beam applied to the top of the cylinder. Simulated stress distributions, displacements, and temperatures obtained from both simulators are compared. When comparable results were not obtained using both simulators, the differences in results were investigated using simplified versions of the simulation.
Methods for formation trajectories of motion of unmanned aircraft vehicles when flying around specified areas of space
Authors: Bumai A. Y.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes various methods for constructing motion trajectories of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) when flying over specified areas of space. The analytical results of the studies are presented in the form of qualitative illustrations of the methods under consideration, as well as the proposed methodology for forming an optimal UAV flight trajectory along the boundaries of a given area of space, taking into account the corresponding processes of changing the control acceleration and speed of the UAV and allowing the formation of requirements for the UAV control system at the preliminary development stage. An analysis of methods for forming UAV trajectories is carried out, on the basis of which a conclusion is made about the operability of the proposed methodology for forming the optimal UAV trajectory when flying over a given area of space and the feasibility of its further use as the basis for the initial stage of synthesis of the UAV control system.
The basic stages of imitating modelling and their realization in the decision-making support system
Authors: Akulich S. V. , Kolesneva I. P. , Zhuk A. A.
Published: September 2024

The stages of imitating modeling are described in the article. The stages detail the following: construction of logical-mathematical model of investigated system, working out of the modeling algorithm that describes process of its functioning, working out of the program that realizes the algorithm, carrying out of experiments with imitating model. The authors suggest the description of the realization of the imitating modeling principles of in the decision-making support system of the organization of the remote sounding of the Earth. The features of the realization of the models of the casual choice of the modes of the remote sounding of the Earth, space vehicle, land objects are considered in the article.
IOT system architecture for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease using neural networks and OSTIS
Authors: Vishniakou U. A. , Xia I. W.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this work is to develop an IT diagnostic system for Parkinson's disease (PD) with remote access based on the Internet of Things (IoT) network.

Methods. The authors have developed a method for complex recognition of Parkinson's disease using machine learning, based on markers of voice analysis and changes in patient movements on known datasets. In the architecture of the Internet of Things network, a smartphone is the point of initial data collection and preprocessing, including extracting features from an audio recording of the patient's voice and his motor activity. Data is transmitted via a local Flask server, which acts as a channel for sending functional data to the Open Semantic Technology for Intelligent Systems (OSTIS) server. The OSTIS server processes the data received from the local Flask server and uses a neural network prediction agent to recognize BP. This agent downloads features and makes predictions based on a trained neural network, linking these predictions with knowledge in the OSTIS system, and stores them in a database.

The result of the study is the architecture and algorithms of the IoT network. The workflow of the entire system includes data collection and preprocessing by the Internet of Things device, subsequent data transfer to the local Flask server, further forwarding to the OSTIS server, processing of the neural network model by a neural network predictor agent and, ultimately, linking the processed results to the knowledge graph and storing them in the system.

The BP remote IT diagnostics system provides real-time processing of patient data, recognition of disease signs on the Internet of Things, support for advanced analysis and decision-making for further treatment.
Reconfiguration of four-degree limited Laman graphs
Authors: Trinh Hoang Minh
Published: September 2024

This paper considers the problem of expanding and reducingLamangraphs, of which each vertex has at most four neighbors. To this end, several simple algorithms that can be repeatedly applied to construct or degenerate a given four-degree limitedLamangraph are proposed. The correctness of the proposed algorithms is asserted based onLaman’scriterion. Numerous examples and discussions are provided to demonstrate the applicability and impact of these algorithms.
Genomic subtypes and cellular phenotypes of high-grade endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Kawazu Masahito , Taguchi Ayumi , Yoshida Emiko , Yoshida Hiroshi , Uno Masaya , Inoue Satoshi , Yamamoto Yoko , Sakashita Shingo , Ueno Toshihide , Nakamura Yuki , Lin Jason , Kojima Shinya , Kawase Katsushige , Ishizaka Aya , Miyata Suguru , Kojima Motohiro , Ikemura Masako , Sone Kenbun , Ishikawa Mitsuya , Kato Tomoyasu , Mano Hiroyuki , Terao Yasuhisa , Oda Katsutoshi
Published: September 2024

Recent genomic analyses of endometrial carcinoma (EC) have delineated four distinct subtypes: ultra-mutated (POLE) type, microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) type, copy number–high (CN-H) type, and copy number–low (CN-L) type. Despite these classifications, the relationship between genomic subtype and histological classification of high-grade EC remains obscure. This study is a comprehensive genomic analysis specifically focusing on high-grade EC. Examination of 81 high-grade EC tumors revealed that serous carcinoma is frequently characterized by TP53 mutations as described previously. However, the correspondence between genomic subtype and histological classification of high-grade EC was weak overall. Gene expression–based clustering showed that clear cell carcinoma, not specifically associated with any particular genomic subtype, had high expression of glandular/lumenal cell marker genes. We also identified a subset of tumors characterized by the expression of genes related to ciliated cells. Our findings underscore the significance of considering cellular phenotypes that might reflect cell of origin and differentiation status, alongside genomic subtype, to precisely understand individual tumors of various histological types. Importantly, cellular phenotype might be closely associated with the immunological status of cancer cells; tumors with the glandular/lumenal phenotype are thought to present antigens more efficiently. Such stratification might have clinical implications, potentially impacting post-surgical adjuvant treatment or the use of immune therapy in women with high-grade EC. We propose that RNA clustering is a clinically valuable tool for the precise stratification and treatment planning for high-grade EC, emphasizing its potential to enhance personalized medicine approaches for EC.
Recurrent Founder Variant in Inherited FVII Deficiency: Molecular Spectrum Analysis in Southeast China Recurrent Founder Variant in Inherited FVII Deficiency: Molecular Spectrum Analysis in Southeast China
Authors: Ye Longying , Qin Langyi , Wang Saifang , Jin Yanhui , Yang Lihong , Wang Mingshan , Xie Yaosheng
Published: September 2024

Background
Factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare congenital coagulation disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, characterized by reduced plasma FVII levels. Several variants in the F7 gene have been identified across different populations, with higher prevalence in certain regions. However, limited reports exist on predominant variants in Chinese and East Asian populations, highlighting the need for this study to fill the gap and improve understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations.
Result
This study characterizes severe FVII deficiency in 85 unrelated Chinese families, 57 exhibited severe FVII defects. Notably, 31 out of 57 experienced various bleeding manifestations, with the most prevalent being gingival bleeding, epistaxis, and menorrhagia. The Pearson's rank correlation test yielded correlation coefficients of − .496 (P = .000), − .266 (P = .014), and .149 (P = .175) between FVII activity and PT, FVII activity and bleeding scores, and PT and bleeding scores, respectively. Direct sequencing of the exons of the F7 gene and its border regions was conducted on all patients. The five variants with the highest allele frequencies were p.Arg364Gln, p.His408Gln, p.Arg337Cys, p.Cys10Profs16, and p.Cys389Gly. The p.Arg364Gln variant was identified in 11 individuals with homozygotes and 6 with compound heterozygosity, with the highest allele frequency of 30.51%. The variants p.Gln160Leu, p.Leu170*, p.Ser329Pro, and p.Trp344Gly were previously identified and reported by our research group. Additionally, a novel variant, p.Ile421Serfs76, is reported for the first time. This study, representing one of the largest cohorts of FVII variants in China, suggests that the prevalence of FVII deficiency may be underestimated. This conclusion is supported by the high proportion of asymptomatic subjects found to have low FVII levels.
Conclusion
The findings of this study, which represents one of the largest cohorts of FVII variants in China, indicate that the prevalence of FVII deficiencies may be underestimated. This is due to the high proportion of asymptomatic individuals with low FVII:C levels. The significant association between FVII:C levels, prothrombin time, and bleeding symptoms highlights the necessity for continued genetic analysis to enhance our comprehension of genotype-phenotype correlations and to refine diagnostic and management strategies for FVII deficiency in the Chinese population.
Can we improve the existing management of pain after cesarean delivery at Eastern Regional Referral Hospital? A retrospective survey
Authors: Wangchuk Tashi , Tshering Ugyen
Published: September 2024

Background
Pain after surgery is generally considered undertreated worldwide. This may be because of resource and skill constraints. Inadequate management of pain after cesarean delivery (CD), can adversely affect the well-being of both mothers and newborns, potentially leading to a higher incidence of chronic post-operative pain. We must therefore constantly improve the quality of pain care for CDs. This study aimed to review the existing management of pain associated with CD at Eastern Regional Referral Hospital (ERRH)
Methods
This retrospective review of the management of pain after CDs, was conducted between December 2017 and December 2018 at ERRH, Bhutan. A total of 107 CD patients were reviewed.
Results
Of the 107 patients with CDs reviewed, only 2% received analgesics before surgery, and 20% received analgesics during surgery. The majority of the patients (63%) received a single injection of Diclofenac sodium, followed by oral Ibuprofen (56%) on the following day.
Conclusions
Despite the availability of resources and skills, the present review revealed that the existing management strategy of pain after CDs at ERRH was mostly a single-drug therapy, with focus mainly on the post-operative period.
Ridge-ridge-ridge triple junction instability: Unveiling the dynamics and evolution with 3-D numerical simulations
Authors: Marques Fernando , Balazs Attila , Gerya Taras , Hildenbrand Anthony
Published: September 2024

The most important form of plate evolution occurs where three tectonic plates meet, a triple junction1 (TJ). Ridge-ridge-ridge (RRR) TJs are unique because they are stable at all ridge configurations and spreading velocities1. This idealised and simplified RRR TJ with three straight rifts is challenged here by showing that it does not apply if at least one rift is not straight (sigmoidal). Despite its great importance for plate tectonics, how and why a stable RRR TJ configuration becomes unstable is unclear. The state-of-the-art 3-D numerical simulations reported here using the Azores TJ (ATJ) as a prototype bring a new understanding of RRR TJ stability and evolution. The current knowledge and critical similarities in both the simulations and prototype in terms of timing, transient grabens distribution, rift and triple junction jump, diffuse plate boundary, depth of the main rift, and rift shoulder uplift indicate that the ATJ is unstable because of the sigmoidal shape of the Azores-Gibraltar fracture zone and how Nubia has moved relative to Eurasia in the last 4 Ma. Consequently, the fracture zone that turned into a first-order plate boundary became unstable, and the Azores block moved from Eurasia to Nubia.
The Effect of General Anesthesia Combined with Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Postoperative Sleep Disorders in Elderly Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pu Jie , Guo Chendong , Xiao Yue , Cao Yanan , Liu Zhenhua , Jin Yuzhong , Hu Yimin
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of general anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative sleep disorders in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery.
Methods: We recruited 94 elderly patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal malignancies, all scheduled for radical laparoscopic surgery. The patients were allocated to two groups using the random number table method: the general anesthesia group (group GA) and the general anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block group (group GT). Group GT got bilateral transversus abdominis plane blocks (TAPB) following the same induction of anesthesia as Group GA, which received the intravenous-inhalation complicated general anesthesia regimen. Wearable devices were utilized to measure sleep on the first day before surgery (P1) as well as the first and third day after surgery (D1 and D3). On P1, D1, and D3 nights, respectively, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale was utilized to measure sleepiness and the occurrence of postoperative sleep disorders (POSD).
Results: The group GT demonstrated a significant decrease in the usage of remifentanil during surgery (P<0.05) as compared to the group GA. At D1, there was a substantial decrease in the number of awake (P<0.05) and an increase in the ratio of deep sleep to rapid eye movement sleep (REM) in the GT group. The percentage of REM was still rising at D3, and PSQI values at D1 and D3 were considerably lower (P<0.05). Furthermore, there was a decreasing tendency (P<0.05) in the incidence of POSD and the visual analog scores (VAS) at 0.5 and 6 hours after surgical activity in D1. The overall condition, intraoperative state, remedial analgesia, and number of analgesic pump presses did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: General anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block can improve the postoperative sleep quality of elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors and reduce the incidence of sleep disorders.
Preventive and Therapeutic Efficacy of Thalidomide in Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral
Authors: Yi Hai-Zhen , Chen Jin-Jing , Lv Wei , Lin Zhan
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The main adverse effects of paclitaxel chemotherapy are arthralgia, myalgia, and neuropathic pain. The objective of this research was to assess the potential preventive benefits, continuous management strategies, and the likelihood of remission and recurrence of these symptoms after Thalidomide treatment.
Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical histories of 120 cancer patients who experienced arthralgia, myalgia, and neuropathic pain while undergoing paclitaxel chemotherapy at The First People’s Hospital of Yulin, Guangxi, from March 2022 to December 2023. The patients were stratified into two groups according to whether they received Thalidomide or not: with Thalidomide (n = 48) or without Thalidomide (n = 34). Pain assessments were initiated at the first sign of symptoms during the initial treatment cycle and were repeated over the next three cycles to assess the effectiveness of Thalidomide in managing symptoms and its preventive capabilities. The assessments employed the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) and the painDETECT questionnaire to measure the intensity of pain experienced by the patients.
Findings: At the study’s inception, the neuropathic pain score was 21.17±2.69 for the Thalidomide group and 20.24±2.47 for the non-Thalidomide group. Subsequent follow-ups revealed a dramatic reduction to 0.13±0.44 in the Thalidomide group and to 6.68±1.90 in the non-Thalidomide group.. Neuropathic pain, along with arthralgia and myalgia, was more pronounced at baseline and in the third treatment cycle. A significant difference was noted between the two groups (all p<0.05).
Implications: The findings of this research indicate that Thalidomide is effective in alleviating neuropathic paindue to paclitaxel. The preemptive application of Thalidomide proved to be exceptionally potent in providing rapid pain relief. Subsequent monitoring revealed that Thalidomide sustained its efficacy across multiple treatment cycles.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Among Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery Under General Anesthesia at Addis Ababa Public Hospital in 2021/22: a Multi-center Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Waktasu Desta , Haddis Lidya , Seyoum Emebat , Nigussie Mistre , Amsalu Molla
Published: September 2024

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and distressing complication following surgical procedures, affecting up to 70% of paediatric patients. PONV can lead to delayed recovery, increased hospital stay, and reduced patient satisfaction, posing a significant burden on healthcare systems. In the paediatric population, PONV is particularly concerning due to the potential risk of aspiration, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances
Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study method was carried out, with study population of 186 surgical paediatrics patient populations from December 1, 2021 to May 30, 2022. The magnitude of Paediatrics population was evaluated according to specific criteria encompassing socio demographic and preoperative paediatrics characteristics, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics of paediatrics PONV.
Results: The magnitude of pediatrics PONV in PACU and Ward identified with their associated risk factors of perioperative anxiety, motion sickness and long duration of surgery and anaesthesia.
Conclusion: The magnitude of paediatrics PONV at Addis Ababa Public Hospital is 12%.Using opioid for postoperative management is not related to paediatrics PONV in our study. Reduction strategy as well as prevention and treatment are vital for enhancing paediatrics patient safety and perioperative care quality.
Improved levan production by novel Calidifontibacillus erzurumensis LEV207 using one variable at a time approach
Authors: Palkar Omkar Prakash , Rayasam Keerthi , Peddireddy Vidyullatha , Kolluru Viswanatha Chaitanya
Published: September 2024

Levan, an exopolysaccharide, has applications in the medical and food sectors. Under natural conditions, levan is produced at a low concentration by microorganisms. This current study focuses on optimizing levan production by a one-variable-at-a-time approach from a novel marine bacterium, Calidifontibacillus erzurumensis LEV207. The growth and levansucrase production by C. erzurumensis LEV207 were studied to optimize the media components and conditions. Sucrose and yeast extract proved to be a good levansucrase inducer. The pH of 6.0 and temperature of 30°C, along with MgSO4 as salt, increased the enzyme activity. Sucrose and yeast extract at the concentration of 50% and 1%, respectively, produced the maximum enzyme activity of 427.4 µmol/mL/min after 48 hrs of incubation. The optimization process increased the levan (EPSLEV207) production 7-fold with a final yield of 65.58 g/L. To confirm the structure and nature of EPSLEV207, NMR and XRD were performed, and the functional groups present in EPSLEV207 were determined using FTIR. Chemical hydrolysis of levan confirmed fructose as the monomer, making EPSLEV207 a homopolysaccharide. EPSLEV207 exhibited 49% and 22% radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals, respectively, and promoted the growth of probiotic strain. EPSLEV207 showed an 88% water solubility index and 78% water retention capacity. The optimization process has increased the yield of levan up to 7-fold, highlighting the potential of C. erzurumensis LEV207 to be a viable option for industrial applications.
Impacts of irrigation expansion on moist-heat stress: first results from IRRMIP
Authors: Yao Yi , Ducharne Agnès , Cook Benjamin , De Hertog Steven , Aas Kjetil , Arboleda-Obando Pedro , Buzan Jonathan , Colin Jeanne , Costantini Maya , Decharme Bertrand , Lawrence David , Lawrence Peter , Leung L. Ruby , Lo Min-Hui , Narayanappa Devaraju , Wieder William , Wu Ren-Jie , Zhou Tian , Jaegermeyr Jonas , McDermid Sonali , Pokhrel Yadu , Elling Maxwell , Hanasaki Naota , Muñoz Paul , Nazarenko Larissa , Otta Kedar , Satoh Yusuke , Yokohata Tokuta , Jin Lei , Wang Xuhui , Mishra Vimal , Ghosh Subimal , Thiery Wim
Published: September 2024

Irrigation rapidly expanded during the 20th century, thereby affecting climate via changes in water, energy, and biogeochemical cycling. Previous assessments of these historical climate effects of irrigation expansion predominantly relied on a single Earth System Model, and therefore suffered from structural model uncertainties. Here we quantify the impacts of historical irrigation expansion on climate by analysing simulation results from six Earth system models participating in the Irrigation Model Intercomparison Project (IRRMIP). Despite the large range of simulated irrigation water withdrawal from those models (~900 to ~4000 km3 after the year 2000), our results show that irrigation expansion causes a rapid increase in irrigation water withdrawal, which leads to less frequent 2-meter air temperature heat extremes across heavily irrigated areas (>4 times less likely). However, due to the irrigation-induced increase in air humidity, the cooling effect of irrigation expansion on moist-heat stress is less pronounced or even reversed, depending on the heat stress metric. In summary, this study suggests the priorities in irrigation dataset collection and parameterisation development, and shows that irrigation deployment is not an efficient adaptation measure to escalating human heat stress under climate change, calling for carefully dealing with the increased exposure of local people to moist-heat stress.