bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ODMK dan Pemenuhan HAM
Authors: Prasetyo Yosep Adi
Published: April 2023

Kelompok orang dengan masalah kejiwaan (ODMK) di Indone- sia sama sekali belum mendapatkan perhatian memadai dari pemerintah Indonesia. Mereka ini sering kali didiskriminasi oleh keluarga, masyarakat sekeliling, media maupun negara. Tak jarang mereka dibuang atau dibiarkan berkeliaran di jalanan, atau dipasung seumur hidup. Sebagian dari mereka dianggap sudah bukan manusia lagi. Sepanjang hidup mereka mengalami stigmatisasi, pelecehan, pembedaan perlakuan (unequal before the law), pengusiran, penyerangan, peren- dahan martabat sebagai manusia, hingga pembunuhan. Pen- anganan ODMK tak ayal merupakan bagian dari kewajiban hak asasi yang harus segera dilakukan oleh negara. Saatnya pemerintah memikirkan hak sipol dan ekosob bagi para ODMK di negeri ini yang jumlahnya disinyalir telah mencapai lebih dari 20 persen jumlah penduduk di negeri ini.
Sejarah Perlindungan ODMK dalam Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Pandu
Published: April 2023

Tulisan ini mengupas sejarah perlindungan terhadap ODMK. Dalam catatan sejarah, ternyata kolonial Belanda telah meletakkan dasar- dasar hukum bagi penanganan ODMK di Hindia Belanda. Pada 30 Desember 1865 dikeluarkan Koninlijk Besluit (Keputusan Kerajaan) dan pada 14 Mei 1867 dikeluarkan Keputusan Gubernur Jenderal untuk dibangunnya rumah sakit jiwa di Hindia Belanda. Atas dasar itulah berdiri beberapa rumah sakit jiwa yang hingga kini masih menjadi pilar bagi penanganan ODMK di Indonesia. Antara lain RSJ Bogor pada 1876, RSJ Lawang pada 1902, RSJ Solo pada 1919, RSJ Magelang pada 1923, RSJ Jakarta  pada 1924, serta RSJ Surabaya dan RSJ Semarang pada 1929. Hingga 1940 terdapat 16 RSJ di 16 provinsi. Namun, pelayanan kesehatan jiwa pada saat itu masih san- gat tertutup, bahkan mirip seperti penjara (custodial care). Dasar hukumnya adalah “het Reglemen op het Krankzinnigenwezen” (STBL 1897 No. 54). Yang menarik adalah bahwa salah satu pertimbangan kuat dalam suatu keputusan kerajaan adalah banyaknya pasien gangguan jiwa yang didapat dalam satu survei sehingga harus disatukan dalam satu fasilitas perawatan dan tidak “berkeliaran” di masyarakat.
Deep sequential real estate recommendation approach for solving item cold start problem
Authors:   , Polohakul Jirut
Published: April 2023

The item cold-start problem occurs when a recommendation system cannot recommend new items owing to record deficiencies and new listing omissions. When searching for real estate, users can register a concurrent interest in recent and prior projects. Thus, an approach to recommend cold-start and warm-start items simultaneously must be determined. Furthermore, unrequired membership and stop-by behavior cause real estate recommendations to have many cold-start and new users. This characteristic encourages the use of a content-based approach and a session-based recommendation system. Herein, we propose a real estate recommendation approach for solving the item cold-start problem with acceptable warm-start item recommendations in the many-cold-start-users scenario. We modify a session-based recommendation system and employ existing mechanisms to efficiently deal with sequential and context information for the next-interacted item's encoded attribute prediction. Subsequently, we use the nearest-neighbors approach using weighted cosine similarity to determine conforming candidates. We use Recall@K and MRR@K with the top-n recommendation to evaluate warm-start and cold-start item recommendations among different applied mechanisms and against the baselines. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of efficiently integrating the information and the difficulty in performing well in warm-start and cold-start item recommendations simultaneously. Our proposed approach illustrates the capability of solving the item cold-start problem while yielding promising results in both recommendations although neither result is the best. We believe that our approach provides a suitable compromise between both recommendations and that it will benefit recommendation tasks focusing on both recommendations.
Confusion Detection from Facial Expression using Deep Neural Network
Authors:   , Vanichkul Nun
Published: April 2023

Confusion is the most frequently observed emotion in daily life and can greatly affect the effectiveness and efficiency of communication. Detecting the confusion from learners and resolving timely is critical for achieving successful teaching in education. Most Facial Expression Recognition (FER) research works focus only on detecting six basic emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, and surprise. Even though the confusion detection problem gains more attention from researchers recently, analysis of both spatial and temporal information with sufficient data is still short. In this study, we present a spatial-temporal network for confusion detection on video level which was trained on BAUM-1 database, as far as we know, this is the largest public video dataset which confusion is labeled. The model includes ResNet-18 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN). By cascading these two deep learning structures, our method yields 73% accuracy which outperforms the baseline LSTM network that yields 67% on the same BAUM-1s dataset. We also test our proposed method with our confusion video dataset which was collected by recording 15 participants under uncontrolled environment. The model was able to predict 1 instance of 30 consecutive facial images within 0.04 seconds and got 66% of accuracy.
Real-time instance segmentation and point cloud extraction for Japanese food using RGB-D camera
Authors:   , Yarnchalothorn Suthiwat
Published: April 2023

Innovation in technology is playing an important role in the development of food industry, as is indicated by the growing number of food review and food delivery applications. Similarly, it is expected that the process of producing and packaging food itself will become increasingly automated using a robotic system. The shift towards food automation would help ensure quality control of food products and improve production line efficiency. One key enabler for such automated system is the ability to detect and classify food object with great accuracy and speed.

In this study, we explore real-time food object segmentation using RGB-D depth camera. Instance segmentation based on 2D RGB data is used to classify Japanese food objects at a pixel-level with Cascade Mask R-CNN and Hybrid Task Cascade deep learning models. The model is trained on both local GPU and cloud service. The precision and recall values for classifying food objects under different scenario conditions are investigated. Furthermore, we construct 3D point cloud of food objects using depth information from the camera, which will help facilitate food automation operation such as precision grasping of food object with numerous shapes and sizes.

The result shows that the trained HTC model has better precision than Cascade Mask R-CNN model, albeit at a lower detection speed. The inference speed of both models monotonically decreases as the number of food objects and image resolution of the processed image increase. In addition, it is found that that the accuracy of the HTC detection can be quite sensitive to environmental factors such as background colors, low brightness, and having an incomplete object. The 2D segmentation result is combined with 3D point cloud extraction to realize real-time 3D segmentation of Japanese food objects with an average framerate of 6.71 fps.
Comparative evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate and acemannam for partial pulpotomy in permanent teeth with incomplete root formation
Authors:   , Vu Thuy
Published: April 2023

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), the standard pulp capping material, has disadvantages, including long setting time and high cost. Along this line, acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from aloe vera, would be a promising biomaterial for vital pulp therapy as it is shown to induce mineralized bridge formation in animal and clinical studies. In this study, the impact of MTA and acemannan sponges on partial pulpotomized permanent teeth has been evaluated. For the research design, fifty immature permanent teeth with caries or accident-induced pulp exposure were collected and assessed. After partial pulpotomy, the teeth were randomly allocated into the treatment group using either acemannan or the MTA group (n = 25). To conduct the study, the patients were examined immediately right after the treatment (baseline) and a follow-up period of 6- and 12-months post-surgery for clinical and Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations. We also designed and conducted the three-dimensional (3D) analysis to evaluate the apexogenesis impact of the two materials (MTA and acemannan) on the partial pulpotomy treatment, typically for the cases of immature permanent teeth. The evaluation results show that the overall success rate in the acemannan and MTA groups from baseline to 12-month follow-up was 90.91% and 95.65%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups when p > 0.05. In the success samples in both groups, the root length is increased and the apex size is decreased significantly (p < 0.05), indicating the continued root formation. The study then suggests that acemannan is a promising and beneficial alternative pulp capping material with low-cost for partial pulpotomy treatment for immature permanent teeth dedicated to vital pulp therapy in which we utilize the 3D-superimposition and apical foramen area as the novel reliable tools for the evaluations and analyses.
Beauty premium, information signaling and job opportunities of ex-prisoners in labour market
Authors:   , Phuchongpravech Taksaorn
Published: April 2023

This thesis studies the impact of factors influencing ex-prisoners’ labour market re-entry. It is separated into three studies. The first study evaluates the effect of beauty premiums from cosmetic surgery on male ex-prisoners under asymmetric information settings where employers are unaware of candidates’ criminal history. Using a Choice Experiment approach (CEs), the beauty from cosmetic surgery performs as the signal submitted to 400 employers. The results show that the beauty from cosmetic surgery associates with the increase of possibility of candidates in the experiments being chosen by 3.05 and 1.54 times, in the formal and informal sector, respectively.

The second study investigates criminal history discrimination in an open-record setting. It combines both the signal of beauty and criminal history in the CEs to examine their impacts. We conducted the CEs with 408 employers and the results show that a criminal history provides labour penalty in the experiments: decreasing ex-prisoners’ job opportunities by 82.8% and 51%, in the formal and informal sector, respectively. It indicates the strong stereotype towards ex-prisoners in the Thai labour market.

The third study applies to a higher level of information signaling by using Job Market Signaling technique in CEs. It submitted more signals of both negative and positive ones to test for their impacts. We conducted the CEs with 53 employers. And the results reveal that: with more perfect information, highly qualified-ex-prisoners can distinguish themselves from the criminal history stigma. That is, signals of the non-violent crime, the certificate of qualification for employment, and the work-readiness skills allow employers to identify suitable ex-prisoner candidates. This thesis points out the significance of beauty premium and criminal history discrimination among male ex-prisoners and non-prisoners in the Thai labour market.
A morphable FPGA soft processor using LLVM infrastructure targeting low-power application-specific embedded systems
Authors:   , Ali Ehsan
Published: April 2023

The reconfigurable computing (RC) aims to combine the flexibility of General-Purpose Processor (GPP) with performance of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). There are several architectures proposed since RC’s inception in 1960s, but all have failed to become mainstream. The main factor preventing RC to become common practice is its requirement for implementers of algorithms (programmers) to be familiar with hardware design. In RC, a hardened processor cooperates with a dynamic reconfigurable Hardware Accelerator (HA) which is implemented on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The HA implements crucial software kernel on hardware to increase performance and its design demands digital circuit expertise. In this paper a novel RC architecture is proposed that keeps the decades old programming practices intact while harnessing the power of HA. The architecture uses LLVM compiler infrastructure to receive an algorithm and then outputs the equivalent machine language, it then finds the most frequent instruction pairs and generates equivalent RC circuit called “Miniature Accelerator (MA)". The instruction pairs are dynamically removed from pipeline and MA computed result replaces them in parallel. To demonstrate the concept the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm which is core Digital signal processing (DSP) kernel is written in C and then executed on an ARM Cortex-M0. The execution of FFT function is improved by 14.12%. The proposed adaptive processor is fully backward compatible, compilation is automated, and no modification of exiting software or established programming paradigms is required.
Manufacturing cost reduction in a filling process of aerosol products
Authors:   , Charoenbunsupkarn Nattagun
Published: April 2023

This research focuses on the development of heuristics that help reduce the production cost of an aerosol filling process of a case study company, while satisfying all related constraints, including production capacity and due dates. The proposed heuristics are a two-phase one, where the initial solutions are first constructed based on simple dispatching rules, and, once completed, such solution is then iteratively improved by two different improvement heuristics, namely 2OPT and Node Shift. A tabu list is also embedded within such a framework to help reduce its computational time. We have assessed the performances of these heuristics based on 6 different data sets acquired from the case study company. When compared to the current practice, we find that the devised heuristics could help reduce makespan, labour cost, and delivery delay by 0.34%, 4.94%, and 24 days, respectively. In addition to these direct benefits, the devised heuristics could potentially reduce the workload of the planner by at most 20%.
Фондовата система за пенсионно осигуряване в Армения: Проблеми, перспективи за развитие и роля за ръста на икономиката
Authors: Восканян Мариям
Published: April 2023

Както на теория, така и на практика системата на пенсионните фондове, решава много важни проблеми, свързани с икономическото
развитие. Тя решава най-вече социални въпроси, като в много отношения
допринася за изравняване на доходите на населението, за повишаване на
стандарта на живот на населението в пенсионна възраст, както и за решаване на много други социални и икономически задачи. Когато обаче става
дума за развиващи се пазари, фондовата пенсионна система изисква поголямо внимание както от страна на надзора, така и от гледна точка на
самите механизми и принципи за въвеждане на фондова пенсионна система в страната.
Изследването анализира фондовата система за пенсионно осигуряване на Република Армения по отношение на ефективността на нейните
инвестиции и въздействието ѝ върху икономическия растеж на страната.
Fim e sentido: é possível uma aproximação entre Tomás de Aquino e Viktor Frankl?
Authors: Brustolin Filipe Luís
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem por tema os conceitos de fim e sentido, fundamentais para os pensamentos de Tomás de Aquino e Viktor Frankl. O problema a ser investigado é a possibilidade de harmonizar a doutrina teleológica dos dois autores. Diante disso, o objetivo geral é determinar sua compatibilidade ou incompatibilidade. Para a consecução do objetivo geral são levantados três objetivos específicos. Primeiro, analisar isoladamente o conceito de fim em Tomás e o conceito de sentido em Frankl. Segundo, averiguar as semelhanças. Terceiro, apontar para as diferenças, o que responderá ao problema. As principais semelhanças entre fim tomasiano e sentido frankliano são: o caráter orientador das ações humanas, a função da racionalidade e da liberdade, a rejeição da perspectiva hedonista de felicidade e a aceitação do sofrimento. A diferença, porém, reside no termo que eles indicam para o fim e o sentido e o papel de Deus a esse respeito. Além do mais, a partir dessa diferença pretende-se refletir sobre a relação da logoterapia com a religião cristã. A metodologia, substancialmente bibliográfica, levará a procurar as respostas nas obras dos autores e de comentadores. O resultado esperado é, perfazendo o objetivo geral, determinar as semelhanças e dessemelhanças entre as teorias em foco.
GDP Modelling and Forecasting using Arima: An Empirical Study for Cameroon
Authors:   School of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business (CUEB), Beijing, China., DJAKOU Guy Merlain , Jiang Xuemei ,   School of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business (CUEB), Beijing, China.
Published: April 2023

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a significant metric used to describe and assess economic activities and levels of growth. It’s also regularly used by decision-makers to plot financial coverage. This paper’s objective is to model and expect GDP in Cameroon. The current investigation employed the Box- Jenkins (JB) technique from 1980 to 2020. Based on the consequences, ARIMA (2, 1, 2) changed into discovered to be the optimal model for estimating GDP. The results of the desk-bound and identification guidelines time collection tests, as well as the use of aic and bic criteria, validated the outcomes, and an in-pattern forecast revealed that the relative and an in-pattern forecast, the relative and anticipated values were in the 5% area. This model’s forecasting effectiveness is exceptional and efficient in modelling Cameroon’s annual GDP.
Book Review
Authors: Grayson Rita
Published: April 2023

This is a review of the three-volume book.
Acessibilidade no Polo de Atendimento Presencial dos cursos EaD do Consórcio Cederj
Authors: Perdigão Luciana Tavares , Lima Neusa Rejane Wille , Fernandes Ediclea Mascarenhas
Published: April 2023

O número de matrículas de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais no Consórcio Cederj vem crescendo a cada ano. Consequentemente surge a necessidade de planejamento e adequações curriculares e de atendimento, promovendo o acesso e rompendo barreiras. Nos Polos de atendimento presencial essas barreiras podem ser físicas, arquitetônicas, comunicacionais ou mesmo atitudinais. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o espaço do Polo Cederj de Niterói, que, como escola municipal, já foi considerado referência em acessibilidade. Verificou-se que esse Polo ainda é uma referência no atendimento educacional especializado da educação básica, com salas específicas para esse público no andar térreo. Porém, para os alunos do Cederj que ocupam os andares superiores, ainda é necessário promover ajustamentos como recolocação de barras de segurança na rampa e no elevador, colocação de piso podo tátil para atender pessoas com deficiência visual, bem como de vaso sanitário, pia e mobiliário adequado às pessoas com deficiência física, possibilitado o acesso geral do público que busca de formação em instituições do ensino superior.
Entre Portas Fechadas: frestas e brechas para pensar processos inclusivos na Educação
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Goretti Andrade , Souza Cristiana Callai de , Silva Edna Rodrigues da
Published: April 2023

Neste trabalho é tensionado o direito à educação para as crianças com deficiências, garantido nos documentos legais, com as narrativas das mães de crianças com diagnóstico do espectro autista e suas lutas para matricular as crianças na escola. Foi percebido que as interpretações que existem na lei, como “preferencialmente na rede regular de ensino”, deixam a responsabilidade também para outras instituições educativas, que muitas vezes, criam barreiras para matricular as crianças. Nas narrativas das mães, são recorrentes as portas fechadas, mas elas insistem, encontram frestas e brechas para habitar a escola. Mães que tem suas histórias de vida invisibilizadas, enfrentam lutas (a) morosas por uma educação inclusiva. Narrativas são utilizadas como recurso metodológico, inspiradas em Benjamin, Portelli e Certeau, e a dimensão do acontecimento a partir de Deleuze, para a produção de novas maquinações. A Educação Especial no Brasil é marcada pela medicalização, e os efeitos mais devastadores dessa cultura medicalizante são percebidos nos discursos de docentes que se apresentam como incapazes de ensinar crianças com deficiência. Urge que a escola desse tempo de agora considere as diferenças como condição de existência de cada um.
THE VANISHING BAMBOO FOREST OF GAMO HIGHLAND: A CASE OF BASO-KULANO WATERSHED, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Teshome Yirgu  , Dageta Dale
Published: April 2023

The main objective of the study was to examine challenges and prospects of bamboo forest in Baso-Kulano watershed, Southwestern Ethiopia. Mixed research design was employed. In this case using purposeful sampling technique three kebeles were selected as sample kebeles. From these kebeles, 125 sample household heads were proportionally selected as sample size using systematic random sampling technique. To supplement and bridge data from household survey, focus group discussion, and key informant interview and field observation were utilized. Collected data revealed the complex system of root networks of bamboo forests enabled an excellent mechanism for arresting soil erosion (25%) and buffer against climate change (18.6%). But due to farmland and settlement encroachment, lack of awareness and wasteful utilization practices, obsolete management practices and ineffective policy enforcements at grassroots level bamboo forests are under sever.
DISILLUSIONMENT AS CENTRAL IN THE LIVES OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA: THE CASE OF TWO ETHIOPIAN DIASPORA NOVELS
Authors: Endalkachew Hailu
Published: April 2023

Though few thematic and narratological studies were done on Ethiopian Diaspora novels, detailed reading of the novels on disillusionment is unavailable. But disillusionment is probably a concept that well describes the diaspora situation. This study is a comparative thematic analysis of disillusionment in the African diaspora characters represented in ‘The Texture of Dreams’ and ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’. The results showed all the African migrant characters in the novels experienced disillusionment. Their disillusionment resulted from unemployment, underemployment, fear of unemployment, unachieved higher education goals, lack of appreciation, and powerlessness. Due to these, the immigrant characters fail to realize their dreams of a happy and satisfied lives and live in frustration and apathy. And the novel ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’ shows the causes and stages of disillusionment more elaborately. Except for one character whose disillusionment seems eased by joining the academia and starting romance, the rest nurse their wounds of disillusionment drinking alcohol and releasing their stifled griefs upon each other. No character reverses disillusionment. Thus, disillusionment seems central and inescapable in the lives of the alienated and culturally dislocated African diaspora. Doubly othered both as immigrants and blacks, they seem to have been left to wallow in frustration and apathy never finding a cure and nursing themselves with whatever provides temporary painkiller relief Keywords: Disillusionment; African/Ethiopian Diaspora; Novel; Alienation; Cultural dislocation; the American Drea
ROAD MAP OF EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITION LAW: INDIA
Authors: Singh Jaishree
Published: April 2023

The Competition law & policy forms an inherent part of developing world to not only protect their domestic markets but also compete fairly and effectively in the international market. These policies have been very instrumental in fostering sustainable development as well as restricting anti-competitive behaviour which inhibits economic growth. The implementation of competition law must be in coherence with the level of overall development in the country since there is no one legal framework which would suit all the jurisdictions. The competition policy of India creates an active and viable environment for the industries to compete domestically as well as internationally with an aim to promote economic development using advanced technologies and an adequate capital. Hence the government must play an active role in promoting economic liberalization by focusing on various policies such as foreign direct investment, licensing of technology, intellectual property rights and eliminating trade barriers rather than just following the conventional principles of the competition law. The competition policy’s main concern is that the corporations with market powers are not able to harm the interests of consumer by anti-competitive practices. Although the competition law and competition policy goes hand in hand yet they can be distinguished. This article has the intention to portrait the evolution of the competition law in India. Why do we need such kind of law in India, what were the major reasons to bring MRTP and the road forward to Competition act?
WITNESS PROTECTION SCHEME, 2018- A STEP TOWARDS WITNESS PROTECTION
Authors: Ojha Gargi
Published: April 2023

In India, Witness protection legislation was unquestionably necessary since it protects the lives, property, and family members of witnesses. Each of their statements is important because it has the power to alter the whole track of the case. Without their assistance, the Court would be unable to reach to a fair conclusion. Prosecution witnesses are pressed and encouraged to weaken or even destroy the prosecution process by whatever means necessary. Although, it is a harsh reality that the situation of witnesses in the current judicial system is deteriorating nowadays which is why The Scheme for Witness Protection was approved by the Supreme Court on December 5, 2018. Also, The Law Commission of India, in different reports, has underlined the difficulties that witnesses experience during the trail process and has urged that a complete strategy on protection of witnesses be incorporated. However, the scheme fail short of standards several issues, such as online intimidation, financial issues, etc. The objective of this study is to explore the concept of Witness Protection Scheme, 2018, and to highlight the challenges that witnesses face in the judicial system, as well as to study at witness protection in India.
AN OVERVIEW OF INDIAN COURTS HELPING HAND:ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Authors: Singh Gaharvar Tusharika
Published: April 2023

Conflict is a critical part of life. We cannot say whether it’s always appropriate or not . However, what's considerable is how capable we are of taking it under control . Negotiation strategies are frequently used for resolving warfare and are taken into consideration as a fundamental method for resolving the dispute for years. The ADR(Alternative Dispute Resolution) mechanism relates to an exchange of ways to settle disputes or conflicts which an individual or company entity would possibly encounter. It is extra powerful whilst the everyday negotiation manner is not able to provide remedy for the dispute. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is an opportunity for the Recognized Legal System. It is an alternative to litigation. As the courts in India are overburdened with the instances of litigation pending in courts. There changes into a want for ADR because of the dissatisfaction of people in litigation which follows the conventional rule of settling of disputes which takes a long time to settle. Under ADR all varieties of disputes like - civil, commercial, commercial and family, etc., are resolved, in some instances wherein humans aren't capable of beginning any form of negotiation and are not able to reach any settlement. Generally, ADR makes use of an impartial person whichenables the parties to communicate, speak the variations, and remedy the dispute. It is a technique that allows people and organizations to hold co-operation, social order and gives a possibility to lessen hostility.
THE DOCTRINE OF ESSENTIAL PRACTICES OF RELIGION
Authors: Serjy Vivek
Published: April 2023

India is a secular state which has no official religion of the State. However, all religions are given equal respect and dignity. The people are free to profess, practice and propagate1 their religion and this is protected under the fundamental right of Article 25. It is to be noted that the Supreme Court is the custodian of the Constitution and has the right to interfere in the legislations that violate the Fundamental rights of the Citizens i.e through the process of Judicial review. On other hand, the practices that are inherent and essential part of the religion cannot be interfered with by the Judiciary or any other organ as it is protected by the Constitution. Eversince the case of ‘The Commissioner, Hindu Religious Endowments, Madras vs Sri Lakshmindra Thirtha Swamiyar of Sri Thirur Mutt’, the Apex Court has developed the doctrine of the Essentiality test to determine whether the religious practice is essential part of the religion or not. The primary goal of the research paper is to analyse how the Judiciary employs this test to different cases pertinent to religious practice and describe the criticisms followed on this test. Also, the research also analyses how the role of the Supreme Court varied from the interpreter of the Constitution to the role of theological interpreter. The research is based primarily on the ratio and judgements of the cases. In the end, the overall utility of the essentiality test would be elucidated.
INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW WITH REGARDS TO WARS: UKRAINE V. RUSSIA
Authors: KHEMNANI RISHI
Published: April 2023

Missiles slicing through the air and slamming into buildings and exploding, clouds of smoke emanating from housing complexes, people taking shelter in sub urban from shelling, crowd struggling to board trains, are the most doom scenes when war ensues; the scenes resemble from Taliban taking control over Afghanistan. Ukraine has become the victim in contestation of two major superpowers. The most destructive source is war, which can undermine a country's economy and destroys hope of survival. War can be defined as a form of mini-genocide in which everything and everyone who comes into contact with it is shattered, it has led to biggest refugee crisis after WWII. The globe is turned upside down as a result of the current crisis between Russia and Ukraine. The crisis, which began under the guise of a "special military operation" announced by Russian President Vladimir Putin, has taken a turn for the worst. It should be underlined that this is a flagrant violation of established international norms and procedures. It is a barbaric murder of the United Nations Charter, which exists expressly to protect member countries' integrity, thereby empowering them. Ironically, the Russian president has said unambiguously that his barefaced acts are justified by many international rules. Deciphering what is contained within these laws, as well as the amount to which they have been abused and violated, becomes critical. Even in the rarest of circumstances, war cannot triumph against natural peace and harmony, no matter how evidently it is justified.
LGBTQIA+ HUMAN RIGHTS ON AN INTERNATIONAL PLATFORM
Authors: NYATHI LISANG
Published: April 2023

When human rights are spoken of as universal and indivisible, you would swear that the world is perfect. However, a closer observation of the contemporary reality across the globe shows beyond any iota of doubt that this is a mere theoretical phenomenon. Today those who envision a better future, have every reason to tremble, cry and mourn the loss of humanity. It is extremely heart-breaking that in the 21st century people still die for who they are, who they kiss, who they choose to have sex with, and how they want to identify themselves as. When they live as who they truly are, their dignity is violated, and their human rights are denied. How sad! Not only are LGBTQIA+ persons vulnerable to discrimination but human rights advocates are also exposed to the same risks. And society’s unsurprising tendency to question their sexuality is just as annoying and nauseating. Consequently, very few are keen to explore these issues openly. Nevertheless, the international platform has become a space to protect LGBTQIA+ human rights but there is still a lot to fight against. With great pride, this paper explores the LGBTQIA+ Human Rights on an International stage. It will examine, inter alia, the essence, origins, sources, and organizations involved in developing and protecting LGBTQIA+ human rights. A comparative methodology will also serve as the basis for an effective evaluation. This research offers a perfect opportunity to contribute unabashed personal opinions on what could be improved.
LGBTQIA+ HUMAN RIGHTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RIGHTS IN INDIA AND USA
Authors: KASHYAP ADITYA
Published: April 2023

Right to Equality and Non-discrimination are some of the fundamental international human rights, Sexual orientation and gender identity are among the forbidden grounds of discrimination under international human rights law, according to United Nations human rights treaty bodies. So, it becomes important for us to consider LGBTQ rights. This research paper conducts a comparative analysis of the rights available to individuals of the LGBTQ community in India and the United States. This included matrimonial rights, familial rights, the right to quality, and the right against non-discrimination. Furthermore, this paper will also go on to analyze the effect that the violation of such rights can have on the individuals of the LGBTQ community.
RANCANG BANGUN JEMURAN OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO DAN MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Bustommy Saputra  , Bosar Panjaitan
Published: April 2023

When the rainy season, the majority of people feel anxious when they are drying their clothes. The anxiety will increase when drying clothes, especially when the person is going to travel and when no one at home. From this incident, people are reluctant to dry clothes in the open, because they are worried that the clothesline will get wet with rain water when the owner leaves them when they are outside the house. The goal of this research is to design an automatic clothesline that can inserting and removing clothespinswithout being done by humans. By designing all tools ranging from a raindrop sensor to detect rainwater and a raindrop sensor that is specifically for detecting wet or dry clothes placed on hungers and motorbikes. servo as an activator for inserting and removing clothespins.The result of this research is an automatic clothesline that is useful for dealing with putting clothes in when it rains, or putting clothes that are dry so that people feel safer with clothes that are dried in the sun and feel safer with the rain.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENDATAAN WARGA PADA KELURAHAN KEBAYORAN LAMA – JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Agung Priambodo  , Saeful Anwar
Published: April 2023

Utilization of information systems is very useful in all fields, including in the Kebayoran Lama sub-district where there are still problems, especially in terms of collecting data and searching for citizen data which is quite ineffective and efficient. This is because the old Kebayoralan kelurahan office still does not have a system for collecting data on its citizens. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design an information system for collecting data on residents in the Kebayoran Lama village, and in this case the author uses the waterfall system design method and before implementing the system that has been built, testing is carried out first using the black box method and the results of the research. What has been made is that the Kebayoran Lama kelurahan is now more effective and efficient as well as a useful means of accessing information on citizen data collection and can more easily provide complete information on citizen data collection.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI BANK SAMPAH SATYA DENGAN METODE AVERAGE BERBASIS
Authors: Nurul Chafid  , Boby Reza  , Wahyu Egi Nugroho
Published: April 2023

Pada dasarnya pengelolaan data sangatlah penting seperti halnya di Bank Sampah Satya Yang Berada di Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia, Bank Sampah Satya Setiap dua minggu sekali mengelola data sampah dan pengelolaannyapun masih menggunakan cara ditulis dibuku besar atau buku agenda jadi resiko kehilangan data besar, selain itu petugas juga kesulitan dalam mengelola transaksi tabungan maupun barang,jadi sangat kurang optimal dalam penginputan data, pencairan dana tabungan nasabah dan pembuatan laporan, keadaan ini yang mendorong penulis perlunya Aplikasi Bank Sampah Satya sehingga dapat menunjang efisiensi dan efektivitas. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode pengembangan waterfall dengan lima tahapannya,yaitu Analisa Kebutuhan(Requirement), Desain Sistem (Design), Penulisan Kode Program (Implementation),Pengujian Program (Verification),Penerapan Program dan Pemeliharaan (Maintance).Penulis berharap dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan waterfall dapat merancang solusi yang efektif dan efesien pada masalah yang diteliti. Sehingga Aplikasi yang dibangun dapat mempermudah penginputan data, pencairan dana tabungan nasabah dan pembuatan laporan. Bahwa metode pengembangan waterfall dapat menjawab masalah yang ditemukan penulis untuk mencapai tujuannya. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman PHP dan database mysql sebagai penyimpan data.
Fermentasi Rasio C/N pada Limbah Cair Tempe Menggunakan Bakteri Pseudomonas sp terhadap Parameter pH, Kadar Nitrogen, dan Total Bakteri
Authors: Indah Lusitasari
Published: April 2023

Tempe industry is one type of industry that produces liquid waste which can cause pollution if it is not managed properly because it contains high enough organic compounds, to overcome these problems then the idea arises to utilize tempe liquid waste to become a useful final product by managing it. as organic liquid fertilizer which is useful for fertilizing plants. This study aims to determine the pH, nitrogen and total bacterial content of tempe wastewater fermentation in this study. In this study there were two treatments, namely the processing of tempe liquid waste without bacteria (blank), the processing of liquid tempeh with the addition of the bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Analysis of fertilizer quality parameters such as pH, nitrogen and totalbacteria.
MACHINE TRANSLATION IN TRANSLATING BUSINESS TEXTS: MYTH VERSUS REALITY
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Kriston Andrea
Published: April 2023

The translation of various types of texts is not a challenge anymore nowadays since the market offers several types of machine translation. But how reliable is it compared to human translation? In the present article we focus on a business article issued by a Romanian financial newspaper and we translate it into English with the help of Google translate, SDL Free Translator and Microsoft Bing. Then we analyze the differences provided by these three tools and observe the advantages and drawbacks of machine translation compared to human translation.
DAS INTERNET IM STUDIENBEGLEITENDEN DAF-UNTERRICHT
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Dejica-Carțiș Anca
Published: April 2023

Das Internet wird als ein entscheidendes audiovisuelles Medium im studienbegleitenden DaF-Unterricht eingesetzt, mit dem Ziel das Lernmaterial zu visualisieren und zu festigen. Anhand von verschiedenen Internetangeboten werden Lehrmateriale hergestellt und Lernprogramme gebraucht. Beim Einsatz des Internets im DaF-Unterricht unterscheidet man zwischen computergestütztes Lernen anhand von Programmen und Internetangeboten, die auch das autonome Lernen bevorzugen oder man unterscheidet zwischen computergestützten Lehrmateriale, die das Erstellen von Arbeitsblätter oder von Übungen erlauben und das Wissen vertiefen. Dementsprechend ist das Nutzen des Internets im studienbegleitenden DaF-Unterricht zweidimensional. Das Nutzen des Internets hat neben Vorteile auch Nachteile. Man kommt zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass das Internet eine Rolle im Unterrichtprozess ausübt und dass es gezielt eingesetzt wird.
THE CONCEPT OF METAPHOR IN THE ENGLISH-ARABIC TRANSLATION
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Mansoor Khalid
Published: April 2023

The present study is part of the vast area of translation studies. Its main purpose is to discuss the theoretical concept of metaph or and its role in the translation in process from a linguistic point of view. The use of metaphors allows people to convey special meanings when communicating, regardless if they express themselves verbally or in writing, in all aspects of their lives (re ligious, creative writing, linguistics, science, etc.). The use of metaphor has been rarely captured in the translation field and is often considered not useful; therefore, this paper will focus on the theoretical importance of metaphors in translation, as a means of rendering the poetic meaning of a word in a literary text and also as a manner of achieving linguistic and semantic equivalence.
WEB-BASED TEACHING RESOURCES FOR BUSINESS ENGLISH CLASSES
Authors:   Alfa BK University, Budinčić Valentina
Published: April 2023

In recent years, the use of web based resources for English language learning and teaching has become an integrative part of most English language courses worldwide. Since the advent of ESP numerous specialized online resources have been created in order to facilitate the process of English language learning and teaching in different specialized fields. The aim of our paper is to ca rry out a descriptive analysis of some particular online resources for ESP in the business field, highlight their advantages and provide some ideas for ESP teachers on how to use them for different purposes in Business English courses.
AN INQUIRY INTO CHALLENGES OF LITERARY TRANSLATION FOR FUTURE PROFESSIONALS
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Pungă Loredana , Percec Dana ,   West University of Timișoara
Published: April 2023

The paper presents some results of the experiment the authors carried out starting from the descript ion of literary translation competence in the PETRA E European framework. It focuses on the assessment of the sub competences that are required in the translation process itself, as they are demonstrated by some post graduate translation studies students w hose task was, among others in the larger experimental project, to render O. Henry’s The Gift of the Magi into Romanian.
O ЗАДАЧЕ КОШИ ДЛЯ БИГАРМОНИЧЕСКОГО УРАВНЕНИЯ
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, С  Шодиев Д , Х а й р у л л а е в М , М а х м у д о в Ш
Published: April 2023

В статье изучается задача продолжения решения задача Коши для бигармонического уравнения в области по ее известным значениям на гладкой части. Рассматриваемая задача относится к задачам математической физики, в которых отсутствует непрерывная зависимость решений от начальных данных. Предполагается, что решение задачи существует и непрерывно дифференцируемо в замкнутой области с точно заданным данными Коши. Для этого случая устанавливается явная формула продолжения решения.
ОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИИ РАДИОАКТИВНОСТИ МУКОМОЛЬНО-КРУПЯНОЙ ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, К И в а н о в   А , К М у х а м е д о в   А , А Ш а р о н о в   И , М Э ш б у р и е в   Р
Published: April 2023

В данной статье рассматривается проблема радиологического анализа пищевых продуктов на предмет их радиационной безопасности, связанная с достоверным измерением удельной активности радиоуклидов стронция‑90 (90Sr) и цезия‑137 (137Cs) в пробах продуктов. Показано, как разные варианты термического концентрирования проб (обугливание, озоление) могут влиять на результаты анализа образцов пищевой продукции, проводимого на бета- и гамма-спектрометрах. Установлено, что основной проблемой является достоверное измерение удельной активности стронция‑90. Результаты исследований предназначены для радиологических лабораторий, выполняющих радиологический анализ пищевых продуктов.
STUDY OF ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF Mg2+ MODIFIED Li - Mn SPINEL
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, A  Begimkulova S h , E  Mirzayev S h , H a s a n o v R , R a j a b o v a M , I v a n e s A , M Nasimov A
Published: April 2023

In this work, the oxide phase of the spinel structure Li1.33Mn1.67O4 4 partially replaced manganese with Mg2+ ions, and the effect of lithium manganese oxides on adsorption properties was studied. Li1.33MgxMn(1.67-x)O4 oxide with a spindle structure doped with Mg2+ ion was synthesized by sol-gel method and calcined at 600 °C for 5 hours. Experiments were conducted to study the effect of pH, gelation time, adsorbent dose, contact time and Li+ concentration. The synthesized oxides of Li1.33MgxMn(1.67x)O4 were described using X-ray radiation. The characteristics of Li1.33MgxMn(1.67x)O4 were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
KIMYO DARSLARIDA DIDAKTIK O‘YINLARDAN FOYDALANISH HAQIDA MULOXAZALAR
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, V  Tashmatova R , X  Ruziyev I , E  Bebitova K
Published: April 2023

Maqolada kimyo fanlarini o’qitishda didaktik o’yinlardan foydalanish ,didaktik o’yinlarning dars samaradorligiga ta’siri, o’z tavsifidan kelib chiqqan holda didaktik o’yinlar kimyo o’qitish jarayonining turli bosqichlarida qo’llanilishi mumkinligi haqidagi ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.Didaktik o’yinlarga misollar,masalan,savollarni umumlashtirishda metallmas elementlarning kimyoviy birikmalari ustidan sud o’yini,”Xatoni top”o’yini,”Maydonni to’ldiring” kabi o’yinlar haqidagi ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Kimyo darslarida didaktik o'yinlardan foydalanish o’tilgan mavzuni oson osonlashtirishga, uni qiziqarli va mazmunli qilishgga va bu oxir-oqibatda materialni yaxshiroq o'zlashtirishga olib keladi, kimyoga qiziqishni shakllantirish va rivojlantirishga yordam beradi.
On the properties of solutions of a nonlinear filtration problem with a source and multiple nonlinearities
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, Akram Abdirashidovich A l i m o v
Published: April 2023

In this work, we studied the conditions for global solvability and unsolvability of a nonlinear filtration problem with a source and with a nonlinear boundary flow. The critical exponent of the global existence of the solution and the critical exponent of the Fujita type of the problem of nonlinear filtration in an inhomogeneous medium are established. An asymptotic representation of a compactly supported solution is obtained, which makes it possible to carry out a numerical experiment.
RUX OKSIDI NANOKRISTALLARI STRUKTURASI VA OPTIK XOSSALARIGA YUQORI HARORATLI QIZDIRISHNING TA’SIRI
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, U  Arziqulov E , Z  Urolov S h , Sh  Shaymardanov Z , R  Jalolov R , N  Rustamova B
Published: April 2023

Ushbu ishda kimyoviy cho‘ktirish usuli yordamida kremniy plastinkasi sirtida sintez qilingan rux oksidi nanokristallarining strukturasi va optik xossalariga qizdirish haroratining ta’siri zamonaviy tadqiqot usullaridan foydalanib kompleks tarzda o‘rganilgan. Rux oksidi nanokristallari mufel pechida 500 oC haroratda 1 soat qizdirilganda ularning tashqi sirtida diametri ~100 va chuqurligi ~30 nm atrofida bo‘lgan konussimon shakldagi chuqurchalar paydo bo‘lishi aniqlangan. Yuqori haroratda qizdirish natijasida sintez qilingan ZnO nanokristallarining kristallik darajasi va optik sifati sezilarli darajada pasayishi ko‘rsatilgan.
Qayta tiklanish jarayonining kutish joylari soni cheklangan xizmat ko‘rsatish sistemalari statsionar navbat uzunliklari taqsimotini o‘rganishga tadbiqi
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, Q u r b o n o v H , B o z o r o v a O '
Published: April 2023

Ishda kutish joylari chegaralangan imtiyozli xizmat ko‘rsatish tarmog‘i nostatsionar navbat uzunligi taqsimotining Laplas almashtirishi topilgan. Ushbu ifodadan statsionar navbat uzunligi taqsimotini aniqlovchi formula keltirib chiqarilgan.