bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fully-automatic deep learning-based analysis for determination of the invasiveness of breast cancer cells in an acoustic trap
Authors: Youn Sangyeon , Lee Kyungsu , Son Jeehoon , Yang In-Hwan , Hwang Jae Youn
Published: April 2020

A single-beam acoustic trapping technique has been shown to be very useful for determining the invasiveness of suspended breast cancer cells in an acoustic trap with a manual calcium analysis method. However, for the rapid translation of the technology into the clinic, the development of an efficient/accurate analytical method is needed. We, therefore, develop a fully-automatic deep learning-based calcium image analysis algorithm for determining the invasiveness of suspended breast cancer cells using a single-beam acoustic trapping system. The algorithm allows to segment cells, find trapped cells, and quantify their calcium changes over time. For better segmentation of calcium fluorescent cells even with vague boundaries, a novel deep learning architecture with multi-scale/multi-channel convolution operations (MM-Net) is devised and constructed by a target inversion training method. The MM-Net outperforms other deep learning models in the cell segmentation. Also, a detection/quantification algorithm is developed and implemented to automatically determine the invasiveness of a trapped cell. For the evaluation of the algorithm, it is applied to quantify the invasiveness of breast cancer cells. The results show that the algorithm offers similar performance to the manual calcium analysis method for determining the invasiveness of cancer cells, suggesting that it may serve as a novel tool to automatically determine the invasiveness of cancer cells with high-efficiency.
DSP enabled next generation 50G TDM-PON
Authors: Li Borui , Zhang Kuo , Zhang Dechao , He Jiale , Dong Xiaolong , Liu Qian , Li Shengping
Published: April 2020

With 10G time division multiplexed passive optical network (TDM-PON) systems ready for massive deployment worldwide, the next generation PON standards are being intensively discussed in both IEEE and ITU-T. Compared with the IEEE’s wavelength stacked

2

∗

25

G

solution, the ITU-T’s single carrier non-return-to-zero-based 50G TDM-PON has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, and convenient management. However, the 50G TDM-PON will also have to face great challenges in real-world operating conditions. In this paper, we will illustrate the unique role for digital signal processing (DSP) in solving the challenges for the next generation 50G TDM-PON systems, such as device bandwidth limitation, dispersion induced power penalty, and high link budget. To analyze DSP’s feasibility in this application, potential issues such as cost and interoperability are analyzed. Through offline experiments and prototype demonstrations, DSP’s role in enabling next generation single carrier 50G TDM-PON is highlighted.
Origin of the Kerr effect: investigation of solutions by polarization-dependent Z-scan
Authors: Bundulis Arturs , Mihailovs Igors , Rutkis Martins
Published: April 2020

The nonlinear refractive index dependence on the incident light polarization state has been studied for pure chloroform and chloroform solutions of aminobenziliden-1,3-indandione derivatives. Measurements were done with linearly, elliptically, and circularly polarized light using 8 ns and 30 ps pulse duration 1064 nm lasers. This allows us to separate the electronic response, molecular reorientation, and thermo-optical components of the nonlinear refractive index. The refractive index variations with the change of laser pulse repetition rate were employed to identify the presence of the thermo-optical effect. Quantum chemical calculations of linear polarizability were used to estimate the magnitude of molecular-reorientation-induced refractive index changes for solvents and solutions. Overall, in this paper we have outlined various essential aspects that need to be taken into account to correctly interpret Z-scan measurement results for organic solvents and solutions.
Dynamic behavior of frequency combs in frequency-shifting loops
Authors: Billault Vincent , Crozatier Vincent , Baili Ghaya , Morvan Loïc , Dolfi Daniel , Guillet de Chatellus Hugues
Published: April 2020

The understanding of frequency-shifting loops’ (FSLs) transient response is fundamental for their implementation in microwave photonic systems. We developed a numerical model, enabling us to describe the specific dynamics of the frequency comb generated in a FSL seeded by a CW laser. The model, based on laser rate equations, predicts the temporal evolution of the power of the individual comb lines during on/off cycles of the injection power, for FSLs operating below the lasing threshold. To prove the validity of the model, we performed experimental measurements of the power of the individual comb lines with time. Numerical simulations based on the model, for different gain media and pumping rates, are in excellent agreement with the experimental results. This paper provides guidance for the concrete implementation of FSLs for microwave photonic applications.
Resolving time-varying attitude jitter of an optical remote sensing satellite based on a time-frequency analysis
Authors: Ye Zhen , Xu Yusheng , Zheng Shouzhu , Tong Xiaohua , Xu Xiong , Liu Sicong , Xie Huan , Liu Shijie , Wei Chao , Stilla Uwe
Published: April 2020

Attitude jitter is a crucial factor that limits the imaging quality and geo-positioning accuracy of high-resolution optical satellites, which has attracted significant research interests in recent years. However, few researchers have attempted to retrieve the dynamic characteristics and time-varying trends of a satellite attitude jitter. This paper presents a novel processing framework for detecting, estimating, and investigating time-varying attitude jitter in long strips based on a time-frequency analysis with the input from either an attitude sensor or an optical imaging sensor. Attitude angle signals containing attitude jitter information are detected from attitude data through generating the Euler angles relative to the orbit coordinate system, or from image data through high-accuracy dense matching between parallax observations, correction of integration time variation and frequency domain-based deconvolution. Variational mode decomposition is adopted to extract the separate band-limited periodic components, and Hilbert spectral analysis is integrated to estimate the instantaneous attributes for each time sample and the varying trends for the entire duration. Experiments with three sets of ZiYuan-3 long-strip datasets were carried out to test the novel processing framework of attitude jitter. The experimental results indicate that the processing framework could reveal the dynamic jitter characteristics, and the mutual validations of different data sources demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Image reconstruction with a deep convolutional neural network in high-density super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Yao Bowen , Li Wen , Pan Wenhui , Yang Zhigang , Chen Danni , Li Jia , Qu Junle
Published: April 2020

An accurate and fast reconstruction algorithm is crucial for the improvement of temporal resolution in high-density super-resolution microscopy, particularly in view of the challenges associated with live-cell imaging. In this work, we design a deep network based on a convolutional neural network to take advantage of its enhanced ability in high-density molecule localization, and introduce a residual layer into the network to reduce noise. The proposed scheme also incorporates robustness against variations of both the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the pixel size. We validate our algorithm on both simulated and experimental data by achieving performance improvement in terms of loss value and image quality, and demonstrate live-cell imaging with temporal resolution of 0.5 seconds by recovering mitochondria dynamics.
Forgásszimmetrikus szabad levegősugár turbulens jellemzőinek kísérleti és numerikus vizsgálata
Authors: Szabó Szilárd , Bolló Betti , Baranyi László , Tollár Sándor , Szaszák Norbert
Published: April 2020

A szakirodalomban vizsgált szabad folyadék- és gázsugarak a legkülönfélébb átmérőjű, kialakítású és geometriai helyzetű fúvókákon érkeznek a szabadba. A kiömlési keresztmetszetre jellemző Reynolds szám is igen különböző. Amiben a közlemények megegyeznek, az az, hogy a szabad sugár áramlási jellemzőit, úgy, mint a sebességeloszlást és a turbulenciát jellemző mennyiségeket dimenziótlanítva, hasonlósági tulajdonságokat mutatnak ki. Jelen dolgozatban megvizsgáljuk, hogy e hasonlóságok igazak-e egy speciális fúvóka esetén, ahol három irányból érkező levegősugár egy keverőtérben egyesül és így hagyja el a fúvókát. A vizsgálatok párhuzamosan folytak laboratóriumi sebességmérésekkel (Constant Temperature Anemometry, CTA) és numerikus szimulációval (ANSYS-FLUENT). A mérési és a számítási eredményeket összevetettük és kellő egyezést találtunk. Továbbá eredményeinket összehasonlítottuk a szakirodalomban található, más fúvókákra és más körülmények között végzett mérések eredményeivel.
Gyártókapacitás telepítésének tervezése és a kiválasztás szempontjai a fenntarthatóság érdekében
Authors: Csontos Barna , Gál József
Published: April 2020

Tanulmányunkban megvizsgálunk egy építési technológia fejlesztését a fenntartható, modern építkezés érdekében. Közismert tény, hogy az épített környezetünk legalább száz évig kihat életünkre, tehát nem lényegtelen, hogy a jövő technológiájában milyen környezetbarát technológiát alkalmaztunk.A vizsgált vállalat fő terméke a „zöld beton”. Ezt a fajta betont „zöldnek” hívják, mivel nem tartalmaz portlandcementet. Mivel 1 tonna portlandcement előállítása 1 tonna CO2 kibocsátással készül, amely nem tekinthető fenntarthatónak.Holisztikus módon közelítettük meg a problémát, hogy megtaláljuk a legjobb helyet gyártóhely felállításához, és felhasználtuk a LEAN alapelveit a termelésben és a logisztikában is.Először megpróbáltuk azonosítani a kockázatokat és megoldásokat keresni; végül elkészítettük az ideális tényezők listáját. Végül megtaláltuk a megfelelő helyet a gyár felépítéséhez.
Bleeding From Buried Cholecystogastrostomy Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent: The Double Pigtail Catheter Rescue Treatment
Authors: Sánchez-Luna Sergio A. , Wong Morgan , Rustagi Tarun
Published: April 2020

Lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) allow transmural drainage of the gallbladder for endoscopic management of acute cholecystitis in nonsurgical candidates. Delayed bleeding from cholecystogastrostomy or gallbladder after the LAMS placement has not been reported. There are no data for the replacement of LAMS with plastic stents to prevent recurrent delayed bleeding. We present a case to describe an alternative treatment approach for cholecystogastrostomy bleeding related to a buried LAMS.
Accuracy of Noninvasive Fibrosis Scoring Systems in African American and White Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Marella Hemnishil K. , Reddy Yala Kirthi , Jiang Yu , Ganguli Surosree , Podila Pradeep S.B. , Snell Peter D. , Kovalic Alexander J. , Cholankeril George , Singal Ashwani K. , Nair Satheesh , Maliakkal Benedict , Satapathy Sanjaya K.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) score, and AST–alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio are noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.

METHODS:

In a large cohort of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, we compared AST–ALT ratio, NFS, FIB-4 score, and APRI score in predicting advanced fibrosis (defined as fibrosis stage ≥ 3) in histologically confirmed African American (AA) and white patients. We identified 907 patients: 677 (74.6%) white and 230 (25.3%) AA patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

RESULTS:

Of the 907 patients, 115 (12.8%) patients had advanced fibrosis (stages 3 and 4) in the total cohort: 6 (2.6%) AAs, and 109 (16.2%) whites. In AAs, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (area under the curve) for predicting advanced fibrosis was 0.58 by NFS, 0.86 by APRI score, 0.77 by FIB-4 score, and 0.65 by AST–ALT ratio. In whites, the area under the receiver operating characteristic for predicting advanced fibrosis was 0.82 by NFS, 0.82 by APRI score, 0.88 by FIB-4 score, and 0.76 by AST–ALT ratio. In the AA population, NFS > 0.675, FIB-4 score > 2.67, and APRI score > 1.5 each has a negative predictive value of 98%, whereas the negative predictive values in whites are 91%, 88%, and 85%, respectively.

DISCUSSION:

Noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems can reliably exclude advanced fibrosis in both AAs and whites and have acceptable discriminatory ability to predict advanced fibrosis in whites. The utility of noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems in predicting advanced fibrosis in AAs needs further validation in a larger multicenter cohort.
Virtual World Weariness
Authors: Gualeni Stefano
Published: April 2020

A common understanding of the role of a game developer includes establishing (or at least partially establishing) what is interactively and perceptually available in (video)game environments: what elements and behaviors those worlds include and allow, and what is - instead - left out of their »possibility horizon«. The term »possibility horizon« references the Ancient Greek origin of the term »horizon« (oros), which denotes a frontier - a spatial limit. On this etymological foundation, »horizon« is used here to indicate the spatial and operational boundaries that a (video)game environment affords its players. This book chapter discusses a particular feeling that emerge in relation to playful encounters with the »possibility horizons« of videogames. I am referring here to the realization, as a player, that a game environment can be experientially exhausted and is, as such, ultimately banal. In other words, I will examine how our deliberate engagement with the interactive environments of digital games can trigger sensations that are analogous to what Romantic authors referred to as Weltschmerz (»world-weariness«).
Creating Learning Spaces
Authors: Bröcher Joachim
Published: April 2020

What can we learn from a teacher's journal about working with challenging youth? Why does the Training Room Program in German schools impede the development of an empowering learning culture? What experiences transpire during a train trip to the sea with an unruly crew of school boys? Or: what happens when children plan a trip on their own? Anyone who has accumulated experiences in teaching faces creative choices when putting that legacy to paper. The author chose to use this selection of studies to illustrate formative and inspirational moments from his years as a dedicated teacher and father.
Transgressive Truths and Flattering Lies
Authors: Schmitz Markus
Published: April 2020

This book explores the formative correlations and inventive transmissions of Anglophone Arab representations ranging from early 20th century Mahjar writings to contemporary transnational Palestinian resistance art. Tracing multiple beginnings and seminal intertexts, the comparative study of dissonant truth-making presents critical readings in which the notion of cross-cultural translation gets displaced and strategic unreliability, representational opacity, or matters of act advance to essential qualities of the discussed works' aesthetic devices and ethical concerns. Questioning conventional interpretive approaches, Markus Schmitz shows what Anglophone Arab studies are and what they can become from a radically decentered relational point of view. Among the writers and artists discussed are such diverse figures as Rabih Alameddine, William Blatty, Kahlil Gibran, Ihab Hassan, Jabra Ibrahim Jabra, Emily Jacir, Walid Raad, Ameen Rihani, Edward Said, Larissa Sansour, and Raja Shehadeh.
Immanente Kritik soziologischer Theorie
Authors: Haker Christoph
Published: April 2020

Durch seine immanente Kritik soziologischer Theorie reflektiert Christoph Haker Theorie als Praxis. Sein hierfür entwickelter heuristischer Bezugsrahmen ist die soziologische Differenz, in der sich die Theorien von ihrem Anderen - d.h. erstens von der Gesellschaft, zweitens von anderen Theorien und drittens reflexiv von sich selbst - unterscheiden. Das Ziel der Kritik ist ein praktischer Umgang mit der Multiparadigmatizität der Soziologie und die Öffnung ihrer Kontingenz: Theorien sollen auf diesem Weg ihre Geschlossenheit verlieren und ihre Selbstverständlichkeit einbüßen.
Moschee-Neubauten
Authors: Stöckli Lucia
Published: April 2020

In den letzten Jahrzehnten sind in Europa vermehrt Moschee-Neubauten entstanden. Lucia Stöcklis religionswissenschaftliche Studie geht der Geschichte der Etablierung der Moschee-Neubauten in England und der Schweiz nach und beleuchtet ihre Bedeutung für die Muslime. Anhand bestehender und in Planung befindlicher Bauprojekte arbeitet sie gemeinsame Strukturen sowie nationale Kontexte heraus und untersucht Themen wie die Entwicklung eines multifunktionalen Zentrums, die Rolle der Frau in den Moschee-Neubauten sowie den Stellenwert der Sichtbarkeit dieser Bauten für die Muslime.
Die multiple Identität der Technik
Authors: Lenzen Kirstin
Published: April 2020

Menschen haben Identitäten - Technik auch! Es handelt sich um narrativ hergestellte symbolische Strukturen, die einfache Artefakte sowie Hochtechnologien von der ersten Entwicklungsidee bis zum praktischen Gebrauch begleiten. Sie sind ebenso wandelbar wie vielfältig und sorgen doch für Kohärenz und Kontinuität. Unter Rückgriff auf die Biographie- und Lebenslaufforschung entwickelt Kirstin Lenzen erstmalig ein fundiert ausgearbeitetes theoretisches Konzept technischer Identität. In ihrer Fallstudie verdeutlicht sie anhand der Augmented Reality#off ("i")#-Technologie sowohl die Anwendbarkeit als auch die empirische Relevanz einer innovationsbiographischen Identitätsrekonstruktion, die über Metaphern hinausgeht.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Siber Zorbalık Eğilimlerinin Örgütsel Yabancılaşma Algılarına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi: Ankara İli Örneği
Authors: SİPAHİ Esra
Published: April 2020

Bu
araştırma, Mili Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı resmi ve özel ortaokul düzeyindeki
öğrencilerde rastlanan örgütsel yabancılaşma ve örgütsel güven durumlarının,
akran zorbalığı eğilimi ve akran zorbalığına maruz kalma durumları ile siber
zorbalık eğilimi ve siber zorbalığa maruz kalma durumları arasındaki
ilişkilerin incelenmesi ve etki düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Araştırmanın amacına uygun ve ekonomik olarak verilerin toplanması ve
düzenlenebilmesi için genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma evrenini,
2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından farklı
öğretim programı uygulayan Temel Eğitim Genel Müdürlüğü, Din Öğretimi Genel
Müdürlüğü ve Özel Öğretim Kurumları Genel Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı olarak
derecelendirilen Ankara İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü bünyesinde bulunan 5.6.7 ve
8.sınıf seviyesindeki ortaokul öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın
örneklemi ise, 353 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada örgütsel yabancılaşma
bağımlı, siber zorbalık ise bağımsız değişkenlerdir. Çalışmada, “Siber
Zorbalık”, ve Örgütsel Yabancılaşma” ölçekleri kullanılmış, ölçek puanlarının
ilişkisi pearson korelasyon testi ile, bağımlı değişken olan puanların bağımsız
değişkenlerden etkilenmesi regresyon testi, ölçek puanlarının demografik
değişkenlere göre farklılık göstermesi ise bağımsız gruplar t ve ANOVA testleri
ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada; Siber zorbalık puanı ile örgütsel
yabancılaşma puanları arasında pozitif yönlü zayıf bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Bu
çerçevede, söz konusu davranış durumlarının öğrenci başarıları üzerindeki
doğrudan etkisini sorgulamaya dönük araştırmalar desenlenebilir.
Model Sistem Monitoring pH dan Kekeruhan pada Akuarium Air Tawar berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Tadeus Dista Yoel , Azazi Khasnan , Ariwibowo Didik
Published: April 2020

Ikan hias dan vegetasi air memiliki rentang toleransi terhadap nilai parameter lingkungan. Parameter tersebut hendaknya senantiasa diawasi demi kelangsungan hidupnya. Internet of Things (IoT) telah dimanfaatkan sebagai sistem monitoring dan otomasi parameter lingkungan ikan dan vegetasi air namun sistem ini membutuhkan biaya yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan suatu model sistem monitoring berbasis IoT berbiaya rendah untuk memberikan informasi parameter pH dan kekeruhan air setiap saat kepada pemilik ikan hias. Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan komponen opensource dan sensor berbiaya rendah. Data monitoring digunakan untuk mengaktifkan aktuator berupa filter air. Filter akan aktif apabila tingkat kekeruhan air sudah melebihi batas kekeruhan yang ditentukan. Pengujian kekeruhan air aquarium menunjukkan saat kekeruhan mencapai 3000 ntu pukul 14.12 pompa aktif dan filter bekerja sampai kekeruhan berada pada nilai 498 ntu pada pukul 17.00 dan pompa mati secara otomatis. Nilai pH dan kekeruhan air berhasil ditampilkan dengan baik di aplikasi Blynk pada ponsel. Hasil pengujian menyimpulkan bahwa sistem monitoring yang dikembangkan telah berhasil diimplementasikan dengan baik.  Ornamental fish and aquatic vegetation have a tolerance range of environmental parameter values. These parameters should always be monitored for survival. Internet of Things (IoT) has been utilized as a monitoring and automation system for environmental parameters of fish and aquatic vegetation, but this system requires high costs. The purpose of this study is to develop a low-cost IoT-based monitoring system model to provide information on pH parameters and water turbidity at any time to ornamental fish owners. This system is built using opensource components and low-cost sensors. Monitoring data is used to activate the actuator in the form of a water filter. The filter will active if the turbidity level of water has exceeded the specified turbidity limit. The aquarium water turbidity test showed that when the turbidity reached 3000 ntu at 14.12 the pump was active and the filter worked until the turbidity was at 498 ntu at 17.00 and the pump automatically shut down. The pH value and the turbidity of the water were successfully displayed in the Blynk application on the cellphone. The test results concluded that the monitoring system developed was successfully implemented.
All-optical dynamic tuning of local excitonic emission of monolayer MoS2 by integration with Ge2Sb2Te5
Authors: Ouyang Hao , Chen Haitao , Tang Yuxiang , Zhang Jun , Zhang Chenxi , Zhang Bin , Cheng Xiang’ai , Jiang Tian
Published: April 2020

Strong quantum confinement and coulomb interactions induce tightly bound quasiparticles such as excitons and trions in an atomically thin layer of transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), which play a dominant role in determining their intriguing optoelectronic properties. Thus, controlling the excitonic properties is essential for the applications of TMD-based devices. Here, we demonstrate the all-optical tuning of the local excitonic emission from a monolayer MoS2 hybridized with phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) thin film. By applying pulsed laser with different power on the MoS2/GST heterostructure, the peak energies of the excitonic emission of MoS2 can be tuned up to 40 meV, and the exciton/trion intensity ratio can be tuned by at least one order of magnitude. Raman spectra and transient pump-probe measurements show that the tunability originated from the laser-induced phase change of the GST thin film with charge transferring from GST to the monolayer MoS2. The dynamic tuning of the excitonic emission was all done with localized laser pulses and could be scaled readily, which pave a new way of controlling the excitonic emission in TMDs. Our findings could be potentially used as all-optical modulators or switches in future optical networks.
Effects of roughness and resonant-mode engineering in all-dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Yang Hao , Liu He , Song Boxiang , Li Yuanrui , Meng Deming , Chen Buyun , Hu Pan , Wang Yunxiang , Ou Tse-Hsien , Povinelli Michelle L. , Wu Wei
Published: April 2020

The development of all-dielectric metasurfaces vigorously prompts the applications of optical metasurfaces for the visible and near-IR light range. Compared to IR or longer wavelength light, visible and near-IR light have shorter wavelengths. As a result, surface roughness and imperfections of all-dielectric metasurfaces have larger scattering or absorption of visible and near-IR light, thereby directly affecting the performance of an all-dielectric metasurface. In this article, a volume-current method is adopted to study the effect of metasurface roughness. Numerical calculations based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method are also used to study the relationship between the effects of metasurface roughness and the optical resonant modes. Numerical predictions based on our theoretical studies fit the experimental data well. Further, the effect of different roughness levels on the all-dielectric metasurface performance is predicted. More importantly, a method utilizing resonant-mode engineering to enhance the metasurface performance (e.g. incident angle insensitivity) is also proposed and demonstrated. This work deepens our understanding of the working mechanism of all-dielectric metasurfaces and paves the way for their use in a broad spectrum of applications.
Colloidal quantum dots decorated micro-ring resonators for efficient integrated waveguides excitation
Authors: Weeber Jean-Claude , Colas-des-Francs Gérard , Bouhelier Alexandre , Leray Aymeric , Vasilev Kirill , Yu Xiao , Hammani Kamal , Arocas Juan-Miguel , Gadret Gregory , Markey Laurent , Dubertret Benoit
Published: April 2020

Micro-ring resonators made of titanium dioxide were decorated with local light sources comprising CdSe/CdS colloidal quantum dot aggregates. The active micro-resonators are operated to achieve efficient evanescent excitation of nearby co-planar integrated waveguides. Coupled-mode analysis and numerical simulations are used to capture the dynamic of the optical interaction between locally activated resonators and integrated waveguides. In this context, we exemplify the key role of resonator intrinsic loss. Next, we show that locally activated or bus-waveguide excited resonators are in optimum waveguide interaction for the same so-called critical coupling condition, although the physical origin of this property is different for each configuration. More importantly, we found that a locally activated resonator is a fabrication imperfection tolerant configuration for the coupling light of local sources into waveguides. This remarkable property originates from the opposite change of the power cycling into the resonator and the waveguide coupling efficiency as a function of the resonator-waveguide separation gap. By operating an 8-μm-radius ring resonator with loaded quality factors around Q = 2100, we experimentally demonstrate a 5.5-dB enhancement of the power coupled into the output waveguide compared to a direct local source waveguide excitation.
Diffraction engineering for silicon waveguide grating antenna by harnessing bound state in the continuum
Authors: Xu Hongnan , Shi Yaocheng
Published: April 2020

Silicon waveguide grating antennas (SWGAs) have been widely employed to interface the guided and radiation modes in various integrated photonic systems. However, ultrasmall feature sizes or heteromaterial integrations are usually required to obtain long propagation length and small far-field divergence. Moreover, for conventional SWGAs, the diffraction strength is wavelength sensitive, so the output power and far-field divergence will deviate in the beam steering process. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel approach to engineer the diffraction in SWGA by harnessing the bound state in the continuum (BIC). A new degree of freedom is attained in diffraction engineering by introducing the “modified” diffraction formula. The side-wall emission can be dramatically depressed by building the quasi-BIC at critical waveguide width, leading to ultrauniform diffraction. The extremely weak diffraction strength (~3.3 × 10−3 dB/μm) has been experimentally realized for the fabricated device with a large feature size (~60 nm). From the measurement results, one can predict a centimeter-scale propagation length and an ultrasmall divergence (~0.027°). Moreover, the diffraction strength dispersion can be flattened for SWGA with critical waveguide width. Such effect has also been experimentally verified. Our proposed design is the first one that introduces the BIC effect into SWGA optimization, paving the way for precise diffraction engineering and high-performance integrated optical antennas.
2D materials integrated with metallic nanostructures: fundamentals and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Yan Siqi , Zhu Xiaolong , Dong Jianji , Ding Yunhong , Xiao Sanshui
Published: April 2020

Due to their novel electronic and optical properties, atomically thin layered two-dimensional (2D) materials are becoming promising to realize novel functional optoelectronic devices including photodetectors, modulators, and lasers. However, light–matter interactions in 2D materials are often weak because of the atomic-scale thickness, thus limiting the performances of these devices. Metallic nanostructures supporting surface plasmon polaritons show strong ability to concentrate light within subwavelength region, opening thereby new avenues for strengthening the light–matter interactions and miniaturizing the devices. This review starts to present how to use metallic nanostructures to enhance light–matter interactions in 2D materials, mainly focusing on photoluminescence, Raman scattering, and nonlinearities of 2D materials. In addition, an overview of ultraconfined acoustic-like plasmons in hybrid graphene–metal structures is given, discussing the nonlocal response and quantum mechanical features of the graphene plasmons and metals. Then, the review summarizes the latest development of 2D material–based optoelectronic devices integrated with plasmonic nanostructures. Both off-chip and on-chip devices including modulators and photodetectors are discussed. The potentials of hybrid 2D materials plasmonic optoelectronic devices are finally summarized, giving the future research directions for applications in optical interconnects and optical communications.
Real-time and noninvasive tracking of injectable hydrogel degradation using functionalized AIE nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Mengdi , Wang Zengliang , Huang Pengzhou , Jiang Guanwei , Xu Changpeng , Zhang Wentao , Guo Rui , Li Wenqiang , Zhang Xintao
Published: April 2020

Visually monitoring of the residual morphology and quantitatively determining the degradation degree of hydrogels applied in tissue repair therapy in a real-time and noninvasive manner were a crucial technological mean. Despite conventional organic fluorescent molecules commonly used as probe to capture the real-time clues of the labeled hydrogels, they still encounter obstacles, including intrinsic photobleaching, cytotoxicity, and unknown interference factor of degradation caused by the change from polymer structure of hydrogels, thus making it difficult to accurately obtain the information of the hydrogels in vivo. To address the hard nut, we designed the multifunctional hydrogel system with a real-time quantitative aggregation-induced emission fluorescent detection and photoacoustic imaging tracking based on tetraphenylethene (TPE) that possesses the trait of aggregation-induced emission and low photobleaching, bound on the surface of mesoporous dopamine microspheres (MPDAs), and subsequently loaded into the photo-crosslinked injectable hydrogels. In vitro results showed that MPDA-TPE had good compatibility, emitted strong fluorescence when embedded in hydrogels, and maintained stable fluorescence property unless the hydrogels were degraded. Meanwhile, a mathematical formula for the kinetic degradation of hydrogels was established between gravitational and visual degradation in vitro, which can be used to predict in vivo degradation. Furthermore, MPDA possessed the clear photoacoustic imaging effect to provide more accurate clues. The designed hydrogel system holds a potential role in prediction of the in vivo degradation of implanted materials in an accurate, convenient, and real-time noninvasive manner and is a meaningful treatment aid in tissue engineering.
Magnitude and Reliability of Velocity and Power Variables During Deadlifts Performed With and Without Lifting Straps
Authors: Jukic Ivan , García-Ramos Amador , Malecek Jan , Omcirk Dan , Tufano James J.
Published: April 2020

Jukic, I, García-Ramos, A, Malecek, J, Omcirk, D, and Tufano, JJ. Magnitude and reliability of velocity and power variables during deadlifts performed with and without lifting straps. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1177–1184, 2022—This study aimed to compare the magnitude and reliability of mean velocity (MV), peak velocity (PV), mean power (MP), and peak power (PP) between deadlifts performed with (DLw) and without (DLn) lifting straps. Sixteen resistance-trained men performed a DLn 1-repetition maximum (1RM) session followed by 4 experimental sessions (2 with each deadlift variant in a randomized order). Each experimental session comprised lifts at 20, 40, 60, and 80% of the DLn 1RM. No significant differences were found between DLw and DLn for MV, MP, PV, and PP at any load (p = 0.309–1.00; g = 0.00–0.19). All mechanical variables showed an acceptable reliability for both deadlift conditions at each relative load (coefficient of variation [CV] <8%; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] > 0.70; g < 0.5) with the only exception of MV at 60% 1RM for DLw (ICC = 0.62) and at 40% 1RM for DLn (ICC = 0.65). Furthermore, MV and PV generally had lower within-subject CV (CV = 3.56–5.86%) than MP and PP (CV = 3.82–8.05%) during both deadlift conditions. Our findings suggest that sport professionals might not need to consider implementing lifting straps with the aim to maximize velocity and power outputs with submaximal loads in a deadlift exercise. Because all mechanical variables measured showed an acceptable level of reliability for both DLw and DLn, they can all be used to track changes in performance during the deadlift exercise. However, velocity variables were slightly more consistent (lower CV), which makes them more appropriate to track DLw and DLn performance changes.
Silat as the Source and Identity of the Minangkabau Ethnic Dance
Authors: Asriati Afifah , Kosasih Ahmad , Desfiarni Desfiarni
Published: April 2020

This article is intended to get the concept of Minangkabau dance movement in the context of ethnic philosophical values. Today, ninik-mamak, cadiak pandai, and alim ulama in West Sumatra develop ideas about Minangkabau philosophy in all aspects of life. How this idea is reflected in dance movements? To answer this question, a qualitative method is used by taking six samples of popular Minangkabau traditional dance. The data were collected using Focus Group Discussion, observation, and interviews to confirm previous findings. Through the triangulation technique, it is expected to obtain credible data and be analyzed using the models of Miles and Haberman. The results of this study indicate that the basic movements of Minangkabau dance are silat movements. The martial arts movement is the basis of movement used by many traditional dances in Minangkabau. Every district has its unique cultural values and identities and these values are manifested in dance created by dance activists.
The Geculan Bocah Dance Performance As A Creative Space for Children
Authors: Paranti Lesa , Putri Rimasari Pramesti , Pebrianti Sestri Indah
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyze the creativity of children (dancers) in the Geculan Bocah dance performance and how the performance becomes a space to arouse creativity. The case study in this research was the phenomenon of the Geculan Bocah dance performance in Sanggar Tanuwiyoyo Semarang Regency. The method used is a qualitative research method through a phenomenological approach. Data collection was done by using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis test used the Miles and Hubberman model through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity used triangulation of sources, techniques, and methods. The results showed that Geculan Bocah dance performance consisted of 3 parts, namely the beginning, middle (core) and final (ending). Each part of the performance requires the creative role of the child as a dancer. Children’s creative roles include individual creativity, collaborative creativity, and communal creativity. Individual creativity attempts every child to show good performance. Collaborative creativity can be seen in the cohesiveness and togetherness during the show. The communal creativity arises because it is influenced by the audience and the atmosphere of the performance. The Geculan Bocah dance performance is a creative product, a creative space/ process, and a driver for the development of children’s creativity.
Positive Paradigm As The Barrier of Art Creativity Interpretation
Authors: Pradoko Susilo
Published: April 2020

In the modern era, during the end of 17 century, appears empiric paradigm in the philosophy field. This paradigm emerges due to the critic towards mythical social thought. The next step appears positivism thought by Auguste Comte in 1830, which stated that Sociology based on science analogy that can be learned in the form of empiric data with exact calculation; out of this is rated as not scientific. The education field also trails the modern thought tradition, along with Comte’s positivistic thought. This modern era eventually has been opposed by postmodern philosophers. The frailties in the modern era are criticized by the appearance of the postmodern paradigm. Positivistic thought, in reality, could not reveal study beyond human and society, because this study is strong, and can only reach the ontologic stage, in substance of the object. While this could not be revealed because its level involves human and society’s way of thinking, primordial, tradition, and historical aspects, this study focuses on the weaknesses of positivistic research. Then it will present post-positivistic-postmodern research through Hermeneutika and Foucauldian Genealogy research.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas IV
Authors: Yandhari Indhira Asih Vivi , Alamsyah Trian Pamungkas , Halimatusadiah Dede
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa serta strategi pembelajaran yang masih bertumpu pada guru. Salah satu alternatifnya yakni diterapkalah strategi pembelajaran Problem Based Learning, karena strategi ini diharapakan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pencapaian akhir dan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Problem Based Learning lebih baik dari pada siswa yang menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Inkuiri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi ekperiment dengan desain non-equivalent control group. Teknik sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dimana kelas IV-A sebagai kelas ekperimen dan kelas IV-B sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil analisis data menunjukan rata-rata skor posttest kelas ekperimen 75,03 dan kelas kontrol 68,7. Rata-rata data Gain kelas ekperimen 0,59 dan kelas kontrol 0,51. Hasil analisis tersebut memberikan kesimpulan bahwa pencapaian akhir dan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas ekperimen lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol.The research is motivated by the low mathematical problem solving abilities of students and learning strategies that are still based on the teacher. One of the alternative is to apply the learning strategies of Problem Based Learning, because this strategy is expected to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This study has a goal whether the final achievement and improvement of students' mathematical problem solving abilities using Problem Based Learning learning strategies is better than students who use Inquiry learning strategies. The research method used was a quasi experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. The sample technique used purposive sampling technique, where class IV-A as the experimental class and class IV-B as the control class. The results of data analysis showed an average posttest score of experimental class 75.03 and control class 68.7. The average Gain data of the experimental class is 0.59 and the control class is 0.51. The results of the analysis provide the conclusion that the final achievement and improvement of experimental class mathematical problem solving abilities are better than the control class.
El concepto multisensorial del paisaje y su proyección jurídica sobre los derechos de las personas con discapacidad
Authors: Bustillo Bolado Roberto Orlando
Published: April 2020

Se estudia cómo el tradicional concepto visual del paisaje es superado por el moderno concepto multisensorial, tal y como se configura en el Convenio Europeo sobre el Paisaje (Florencia, 2000, vigente en España desde 2008) y en la Recomendación CM/Rec(2008)3 del Comité de Ministros a los Estados miembros sobre las orientaciones para la aplicación del Convenio Europeo sobre el paisaje.Además, se profundiza en la diferenciación entre el paisaje urbano y el rural, en la actividad administrativa de intervención sobre el paisaje (protección, gestión y transformación), y, entre otras, se llega a la conclusión de que un adecuado concepto y gestión del paisaje puede repercutir de forma positiva en la dignidad y en la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad.
¿Perpetúan las normas la discriminación hacia las mujeres? De la necesidad del análisis de la producción legal en Colombia
Authors: González Cortés Ginna Lizeth
Published: April 2020

Este escrito tiene como objetivo abordar una pequeña muestra de la producción legislativa colombiana con el fin de exponer los distintos tipos de discriminación inmersos en las normas, acudiendo a una metodología para su clasificación y análisis que permita una observación más detenida del tratamiento positivo o negativo que le otorga la legislación vigente a un determinado grupo. En este caso, se trata de las mujeres con el fin de poner en evidencia la radiografía de nuestro ordenamiento jurídico frente al principio de igualdad que consigna la Carta política de 1991.
Protección mixta de los derechos humanos en la Corte Constitucional de Colombia en relación con los derechos de los pueblos indígenas: el principio pro homine como centro de gravedad
Authors: Bahamón Jara Martha Lucía , González Serrano Andrés
Published: April 2020

Los derechos de los pueblos indígenas han adquirido una protección multinivel bajo el entendido de que tanto el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos (SIDH) como el derecho interno del Estado colombiano contemplan garantías a sus derechos. El bloque de constitucionalidad, al estar integrado por la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos (CADH), requiere que la normatividad interna no contravenga las disposiciones de la Convención. Al respecto, la Corte Constitucional de Colombia ha avanzado en el reconocimiento de derechos tanto individuales como colectivos para los pueblos indígenas en Colombia, reconocimiento que, pese a ser de gran importancia, resulta insuficiente porque persisten graves violaciones de los derechos humanos de estos sujetos de especial protección.
Reciprocal Cosmopolitanism
Authors: Drałus Dorota
Published: April 2020

In the paper I analyse Daniele Archibugi’s conception of the new cosmopolitanism, aimed at formulation of a theory of cosmopolitan democracy capable of facing contemporary global problems that go beyond the competences of nation-states. My claim is that the advocates of the new cosmopolitanism have yet to come up with a theoretical minimum to which all parties of the cosmopolitan debate would subscribe. I argue that the main obstacle in formulation of a viable cosmopolitanism are attempts at imposition of the universalist uniformity inscribed in the traditional cosmopolitanism or, at best, a straightforward acceptance of cultural differences. In opposition to this, I outline the idea of reciprocal cosmopolitanism which, I believe, should proceed from the acknowledgement of human diversity, thus becoming a more inclusive project than its existing alternatives.
Semantical Interpretations of the Temporal Logic Systems CL and Kb with the Gaps of Traditional Truth-values
Authors: Pabijutaitė Živilė
Published: April 2020

Over the past several decades, in the field of temporal logic there have been created a great number of semantical theories that provide different truth conditions for tensed propositions. In this article we deal with five non-bivalent semantical interpretations of the temporal logic systems CL (Cocchiarella Linear) and Kb (Kripke Branching): 1) Ł3 by J. Łukasiewicz; 2) K3 by S. C. Kleene; 3) Ockhamism by A. Prior; 4) supervaluationism by R. Thomason; 5) relativism by J. MacFarlane. The aim of this article is to present a detailed typology of the five semantical theories based on these criteria: a) the ability to deal with the problem of retrospective evaluation of future contingent propositions; b) the ability to deal with the problem of divine omniscience and free will; c) their relation to the law of excluded middle; d) their relation to other formulas that are intuitively acceptable in an intederministic context. It is argued that the only theory that satisfies all four criteria is the relativism of J. MacFarlane; however, it faces some serious challenges when dealing with the problem of retrospective evaluation of future contingent propositions in the theological context.
Foucault Panopticism and Self-Surveillance: from Individuals to Dividuals
Authors: Kaziliūnaitė Aušra
Published: April 2020

The paper analyses the concept of panopticism formulated in Foucault’s works and its possibilities of relevance in contemporary power and (self)surveillance studies. In the book “Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison”, Foucault, applying Jeremy Bentham’s idea of a panoptical prison, writes about the power of the sovereignty that is replaced by the society of discipline. Foucault discusses panopticism in order to unfold the concept of the society of discipline. Here the essential measure of the society of discipline and panopticism becomes the concern for the individual per se. Deleuze in his text “Postscript on the Societies of Control” states that we no longer live in a society of discipline, but rather in a process, where we switch from the society of discipline to the society of control. In these changed circumstances, according to Deleuze, there are no longer individuals, rather dividuals. In these circumstances, is it possible to talk about panopticism? The paper shows that panopticism is still relevant while switching to the society of control. Also, it states that the currently unfolding scheme of the society of control has been programmed in the asymmetry of the panoptical gaze. Precisely in the processes produced in the asymmetry of the gaze gain its flexible totality in the society of control.
The Moral Grounds of Arendt’s Conception of Politics
Authors: Čelutka Simas
Published: April 2020

Many critics of Hannah Arendt claim that her account of politics lacks moral guidelines and constraints. In their view, she radically dissociated politics from morality. Such an interpretation is mistaken. These critics fail to acknowledge that Arendt’s conception has its own resources of normativity. Fundamental categories of Arendt’s political theory (plurality, natality, freedom, equality, forgiveness, promise) serve moral, as well as political, purposes. The internalization of these categories strengthens political actors’ moral judgment and their sense of responsibility. Active participation in political life engenders respect for human dignity and the multiplicity of different perspectives. Critics ignore the moral dimension of Arendt’s conception of politics because they confuse different levels of analysis of the relationship between politics and morality. In the paper, these levels are discussed using the metaphor of a three-storey house.