bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioengineering materials and techniques
Authors: Palmett-Plata O
Published: June 2019

Along this article it will deal with a subject that tends to be strengthened in our country, it is used in the recovery of unstable soils with erosion problems and strong signs of wear and loss of value. It is the subject of bioengineering its techniques and materials used. Bioengineering, also called Biological Engineering, is a discipline used in environmental regeneration interventions, using living materials (plants, trunks, seeds) alone or in combination with other inert materials of construction. Bioengineering allows the fulfillment of technical, ecological, socioeconomic and landscape objectives in the recovery of land with problems of erosion, instability, steep or moderate slopes, hillsides, basins or urban environments. Finally, the relationship between bioengineering and landscape has been strengthened, due to the magnificent results that its combination presents in the recovery not only of the soil, but also of the contribution to the quality of the landscape and its sustainability.
Technological innovation in the design process of an acoustic panel to the hospital environment
Authors: Gómez-Vélez P A , Rivera-Vega M P , Galeano-Upegui B J , Escobar-Mora N J
Published: June 2019

Acoustic pollution has become a global problem, but, having negative effects on the health and well-being of people, it becomes a variable to control in hospital environments. That is why this article presents the design of a panel with noise reduction properties and with characteristics that allow to replace the restrictions of the hospital environment, through the concepts of Home Warmth and Patient Safety as fundamental bases to limit the problem. The design exercise uses the VDI 2221 model and the problem / solution symmetry model in order to restrict the design and refine it without losing sight of the context for which the panel is designed. As a result, a design of the structure is obtained that later goes on to a stage of improvement of details, in which characteristics associated to the materials, production processes and other additional characteristics are defined.
Information security model. Case study higher education institution
Authors: Aguilar Quintero N A , Velásquez Pérez T , Castro Silva H F
Published: June 2019

The objective of this project is to design an information security model applicable to higher education institutions that allows effective control of their processes. The development of the project starts with the characterization of the different existing processes in the higher education institutions of the Norte de Santander, Colombia, it is compared with the standards or good practices of security of the existing information, which allows structuring the elements that make up the model of information security for higher education institutions and, finally, the validation of the model designed in a higher education institution.
Strategic planning model of information technology that allows alignment with the IT4+ model
Authors: Contreras Hernández L L , Velásquez Pérez T , Castro Silva H F
Published: June 2019

The constant growth of information technology. The new requirements and the need for companies to have quality Information Technology services make organizations worry about efficiently managing their resources, delivering and giving optimal support to information technology services. In this sense, the present descriptive quantitative research is aimed at designing a strategic information technology planning model for higher education institutions that allows the proposed IT4 + model to be aligned and validated by theMinisterio de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicacionesin Colombia. Advanced in strategic planning of information technologies in each of the higher education institutions of Norte de Santander. The proposed model consists of six phases emphasizing the analysis of the current situation, in the information technology model and planning, focusing on the understanding of the business strategy, the use and appropriation of information technology that allows all processes to be supported from the strategic levels of business with information technologies. Finally, the validation of the model was carried out using the Dephi methodology.
Thermo-mechanical assessment in three auto-ventilated disc brake by implementing finite elements
Authors: García-León R A , Flórez-Solano E , Rodriguez-Castilla M
Published: June 2019

During the braking process of a vehicle, temperature rise caused by friction between the brake pads and the disc is not quickly dissipated. This depends on the disc’s geometrical features, cooling channels and manufacturing material. Therefore, when there comes a sudden braking, immense amounts of heat may build up in a brief time, which cause elevated temperature gradients to rise within the disc. Under these conditions, brake system’s functionality and safety might be jeopardized. The objective of present research seeks to simulate temperature performance and mechanical properties in three ventilated brake discs, through Finite Elements Analysis and by means of ANSYS Software and SolidWorks Simulation. Brakes temperature and geometrical structure was noted by using a specialized design software. Results and conclusion: The results obtained prove that discs can be effectively used at extreme work conditions, at a speed of 800 Km/h and at a 20 °C room temperature. However, it is important to select the right geometrical features, so heat loss process is efficient and higher safety standards are guaranteed, ever since maintenance and cleaning of all system’s components are adequately performed. It was found that brake systems efficiency evidently depended on discs geometrical features, work conditions in which they are operated and the distinct types of available brake discs, as it was proved through software-made simulations.
Permeable polymeric panels made from processed plastic
Authors: Jaramillo H Y
Published: June 2019

The construction industry has been constantly looking for new materials and systems that go hand in hand with the technical and economic environmental commitment. Currently, it is easy to find different proposals resulting from the recycling and re-signification of solid waste, as is the case of polymer materials, which form a large part of the city’s solid waste, which has generated that little by little the sustainable and environmental issue becomes part of the integral solution of the diverse construction projects. For this reason, this research proposes the creation of a panel composed of a recycled polymer matrix, articulated with each other and that can be used as a dividing element of architectural spaces. The elaboration of this panel is made from the reuse of plastic bottles of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), initially the different recycling companies in the region were identified, from which, the processed material was obtained and with the addition of the plastic resins in the laboratory, a compact and low density polymer matrix was obtained, with which test pieces were made and subjected to compression tests, reaching a maximum resistance of 4.3 and 36kN.
Numerical study of coal and woody biomass co-gasification in oxygen-fed gasifier
Authors: Donskoy I G , Kozlov A N , Svishchev D A , Shamanskiy V A
Published: June 2019

The use of biomass in the energy sector is associated with two important tasks: reducing the dependence of energy systems on expensive high-quality fuel, and increasing the environmental efficiency of thermal power plants (by processing carbon-containing waste and, in some cases, reducing harmful emissions). In addition to co-combusiton, other methods of fuels co-processing are possible, including co-gasification. The process of gasification of low-grade fuels can be unstable because of their low calorific value, often accompanied by the formation of tar products, so the addition of coal improves the efficiency of co-conversion. On the other hand, the high reactivity of biomass can contribute to the stabilization of combustion and gasification regimes of fuels with low-reactivity, such as coals with high degree of metamorphism or petcoke. In this paper, the process of pulverized fuel gasification is considered, and limitations on the efficiency associated with the melting of ash are investigated.
Benefits and risks of coal-fired power generation in Siberia in the frame of New industrial revolution and digital economy
Authors: Gorbacheva N V
Published: June 2019

New industrialization revolution correlates with new trend - digital economy, and these two novel phenomena will crucially transform society and economy in the XXI century. Power sector is a long-range engine of New industrial revolution and digital economy. Benefits and costs of coal-fired power generation, that is nowadays considered as old-fashioned, dirty and costly, should be transformed in the process of economic development of society to innovative, reliable and environmental-friendly source of electricity. Siberia as vast region of Russia from the Urals up to Pacific Ocean has posses a great energy, industrial and environmental capacity for implementing advantages of new trends. Siberia, in the distant future, cannot suffer a shortage in fossil fuels, especially in coal, which used to be cheap, abundant and transported by the developed energy infrastructure. Cross-disciplinary analysis of coal-fired power generation in Siberia is important for effective response of Russia to new global challenges.
Verification of the calculation modeling methods of the atomizing of a gas and gas-liquid stream from a pneumatic nozzle
Authors: Kuznetsov Viktor , Shebelev Aleksandr , Anufriev Igor , Shadrin Evgeniy , Minakov Andrey
Published: June 2019

The paper presents a verification of calculation modeling methods of atomizing of a gas and gas-liquid stream from a pneumatic nozzle based on the experimental data obtained in the IT SB RAS. Turbulent supersonic flow of compressible gas is considered here. Mathematical model includes description of gas phase motion based on the RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) and URANS (Unsteady RANS) approach using two-parameter turbulence model k-ω SST and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). The Lagrange method was used to model flow of water droplets. Dispersed phase is solved by tracking a large number of droplets through calculated flow field. Dispersed phase can exchange momentum, mass, and energy with fluid phase. Comparative analysis showed an acceptable qualitative and quantitative agreement between calculation and experiment, both for subsonic and supersonic flow.
Numerical modeling of steady and unsteady combustion regimes of methane-air mixture in research combustion chamber with step
Authors: Lebedev A B , Ya Yakubovskii K , Toktaliev P D
Published: June 2019

Numerical research of non-reactive and reactive flow in research combustion chamber with step are performed. Different approaches for inert and reactive flow modeling, RANS/DES/LES, are compared and validated on extensive experimental data, profiles of velocity and temperatures are among this data. Unsteady combustion phenomena, such as flashback and flamefront oscillations, are investigated and their quantitative characteristics for experimental conditions are determined. Main flow features, such as mixing layer in stabilization zone and induced by cooling system thermal boundary layer in post-combustion zone are extracted and analyzed, influence of this features on flow unsteadiness are considered.
The burning rate of coal-dust-air suspension
Authors: Moiseeva K M , Yu Krainov A
Published: June 2019

The paper provides the numerical investigation on the propagation of the coal dust-air combustion front. We determined the apparent and normal burning rate of the coal dust-air suspension depending on the size and mass concentration of coal dust and on the percentage of volatile components in coal dust particles. We also made an analysis on the influence of the percentage content of volatile components on the burning rate of the suspension with small and large particle radiuses.
The intensification of the solid fuel grate-firing process
Authors: Murko V , Baranova M , Grishina I
Published: June 2019

The results of a complex fuel additive tests - the intensifier of the combustion process on a coal boiler KV-r-11.63-115 - are presented. An increase in the efficiency of the boiler unit by 5.1% (abs) was recorded with a corresponding reduction in the consumption of conventional fuel for the generation of a unit of thermal energy.Application of the intensifier allowed to solve the problem of cleaning the waterfall tubes from the layer of annular deposits and to change the structure of the slag formed during the combustion of coal, which became more homogeneous and without the center of agglomeration.
Physical and mathematical modeling of solid fuel combustion in the application of direct-flow burners
Authors: Prokhorov V B , Kirichkov V S , Chernov S L
Published: June 2019

The tightening of standards for emissions of harmful substances into the air makes it increasingly important to pay attention to fuel combustion technology. The concentration of nitrogen oxides in flue gases on solid fuel boilers, in most cases, exceeds the standard value. The most significant excess in NOx emissions occurs in boilers wit slag-tap removal. The possibility of influence on the aerodynamics of the furnace when using vortex burners, which are individual action burners, on powerful boilers is severely limited. When direct-flow burners, which are collective action burners, there is a possibility of significant impact on the aerodynamics of the active combustion zone. With a rational arrangement of direct-flow burners and nozzles and the use of step combustion, it is possible to provide a significant reduction in the formation of nitrogen oxides, mechanical underburning of solid fuel particles and to prevent the possibility of slag of the screen system. The main problem of using direct-flow burners is the need to study the aerodynamics of each specific combustion volume of different boilers. On the basis of research on physical and mathematical models developed schemes of solid fuel combustion in steam boilers using direct-flow burners and nozzles in the presence of a large number of horizontal and vertical vortices, which should contribute to the efficient combustion of fuel with low emissions of nitrogen oxides.
Development of technology of plasma processing of technogenic wastes (brief review)
Authors: Sharina I.A. , Perepechko L.N. , Domarov P.V.
Published: June 2019

The problem of man-made waste processing remains one of the most urgent in the world, since none of the known technologies for processing and destruction of waste fully meets the requirements of consumers. One of the safest technologies for processing and destruction of man-made waste is considered to be the use of low-temperature arc plasma. However, until now there is no widespread industrial application of plasma processing of industrial wastes. The main scientific and technical problem arising at practical implementation of plasma gasification of organic raw materials is high specific energy consumption. According to open information sources, an analysis was conducted and it was determined confirmed, that the development of technology for plasma processing of organic waste proceeds along the path of reducing specific energy consumption and heat loss, increasing the service life of electrodes and caloric content of the resulting synthesis gas.
The study of disperse composition of the gas-droplet flow when spraying diesel fuel by a steam jet
Authors: Sharypov O V , Anufriev I S , Yu Shadrin E , Kopyev E P , Leschevich V V
Published: June 2019

The disperse composition of the gas-droplet flow was studied experimentally when spraying diesel fuel by a jet of superheated steam in a burner device with good prospects. The studies were performed using the method of shadow photography (SP). In a wide range of operating parameters (steam and fuel flow rate) corresponding to the area of stable operation of the burner, size distributions of fuel droplets were obtained. Dependencies of the droplet size in the flow on the steam and fuel flow rate were determined.
Energy sector of Russia and Siberia: problems and prospects
Authors: Suslov N I , Kryukov V A , Markova V M , Churashev V N
Published: June 2019

The energy sector of Russia is one of the most potent in the world - it is the second in extraction of oil and gas, the third for total output of fuel and energy resources. While exporting nearly 45% of its total production of energy resources, Russia produces more energy per capita than most other countries - 5 times higher the global average and 3 times higher than the average level for OECD countries. The energy sector of Siberia represents the crucial part of the country’s energy sector. Over decades, the energy resources of the region massively contributed to the Russian federal budget and brought in a major part of hard currency from export trade. In the current conditions of existing geopolitical challenges and expected global demand for energy resources, it is much more of a priority for Russia not to raise the output of fuel and energy resources but to improve the overall quality and reliability of the whole energy supply system, increase the depth of mineral fuel, including solid fuel and waste recycling.
A method of studying thermochemical conversion of single biomass particles in an intense air flow
Authors: Svishchev D A , Kozlova M A , Ralnikov P A
Published: June 2019

There are many methods for obtaining kinetic data of thermochemical conversion of fuel particles. These methods to some extent reproduce the conditions of industrial processes. At the same time, there is a lack of methods reproducing the conditions of wood particles gasification in downdraft gasifier. In this process, raw fuel enters the hot reactor region with intense air jets blowing through the tuyeres. It is difficult to directly measure the weight of particles under these conditions due to the effect of gas flow. The authors proposed a research method in accordance with which the sample is introduced into a heated furnace and placed in the tuyere flow. The sample is combusted for a certain time then removed from the furnace and quickly quenched. The method allows reproducing the dynamics of changes in temperature, mass, volume, shape and structure of the inner layers of particles. It provides visual observations of the process, high heating rate of wood samples (750-5500 °C min−1) and large amount of data sufficient for statistical processing.
On the velocities of normal and deflagration burning of gaseous mixtures
Authors: Vasil’ev A A , Vasiliev V A
Published: June 2019

In accordance with the classical one-dimensional detonation theory, the lower adiabatic branch of the energy release of the combustible mixture as the geometric locus of the final state points of the system also allows solution for combustion waves whose propagation velocity lies in the range from zero to deflagration speed. The velocity of the normal burning wave falls within this range, but the calculation is traditionally conducted with the help of the thermal theory of combustion (not within the framework of the theory of detonation). In this paper the conservation laws of the detonation theory were used for choice of a point of the final state for a normal flame. The analysis was carried out and estimates were given showing both the degree of compliance of the estimated and experimental values of flame velocities, and the degree of compliance of the qualitative behavior of these dependences on the main parameters of the mixture
Estimated effects of air quality control measures on mortality reduction and economic benefits during the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games
Authors: Yu S Y , Qian Y
Published: June 2019

During the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, the local government implemented a series of emission control measures. Fixed-effect model and generalized additive model were conducted to evaluate the association between control measures and health benefits. Daily non-accidental mortality decreased from 71 deaths per day before taking control measures to 61 during the under-control period. Interim measures reduced SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10 by 6.63%, 12.96%, 8.72% and 10.30%, while comprehensive measures further reduced pollutants by 12.19%, 8.89%, 25.05% and 30.86%. A μg/m3 decrease in SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10 was associated with decreases in all-cause mortality of 2.91%(95%CI:1.57%,4.24%), 1.36%(95%CI:0.62%,2.11%), 0.55%(95%CI:0.23%,0.87%) and 0.39%(95%CI: 0.15%,0.62%). According to the calculation, the game specifically reduced about 1000 acute deaths from all cause and produced about 500 million USD of benefits, demonstrating a statistically significant association between air quality controls and health benefits. The result also shows that relevant controls to deal with NO2 and PM should be taken more stringently in heavily polluted cities.
Cross-city PM2.5 predictions with recurrent neural network
Authors: Zong RH , Zhang TY , Chen Z , Zhu Y
Published: June 2019

PM2.5 is inhalable particulate with a diameter less than 2.5 μM that easily enters the lungs and causes diseases and non-accidental death. The generation and dissipation of PM2.5 are strongly affected by a variety of environmental factors, thus the concentration of PM2.5 is presumably predictable with the observations of environmental conditions. This paper used multi-year meteorological and PM2.5 concentration data across multiple megacities in China (Beijing, Chengdu, and Shenyang) and sought for a universal predictive model. Our results showed that data-driven machine-learning model was able to not only capture PM2.5 dynamics at the city where the model was trained but also could be generalized to predict PM2.5 concentrations over other cities. Therefore, the modeling results indicated a universally existing predictive relationship between PM2.5 source-sink dynamics and the environmental drivers.
Access the Change of Water Quality in the Sponge City of LCTIP
Authors: Li N , Du P F , Huang X C , Shu Z P
Published: June 2019

The construction of Sponge City (SPC) in China has caused a huge social transformation, and the application of its core low-impact development facilities (LIDs) has changed the lives of residents from the details. Controlling runoff water quantity and its water quality are the two main objectives of low impact development measures. This paper discusses the results of water quality testing, comparing content changes of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) measured from water samples collected from the same LID facilities established by LCTIP three times a month during 2018 the local rainy season. The values changes of various pollutants from sampling points to the outlet show that the water quality of after LID facilities is close to the state of natural rain before development. The water purification effect of the LID facility was verified. At the same time, it is necessary to understand that more factors will have an impact on water quality. Therefore, the limitations of current knowledge and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
Participation patrolling efforts by local people: Case of Nam Tien forest station in Pu Hu Nature Reserve, Vietnam
Authors: Dong L.K. , Sinutok S. , Manop P. , Techato K.
Published: June 2019

Protected areas, nature reserves and national parks in Vietnam, has considered foot patrols under traditional law enforcement with local forest guard (LFG). The participant between LFG and rangers in protected areas has been applied as commons way of patrolling on forest protection. However, very few studies have considered the contribution of LFG performance of patrolling activity with GPS-based monitoring system from Nam Tien forest station (FS), Pu Hu nature reserve (NR). Through the contribution of the monthly report was collected and the reliability of patrol data was analyzed in the central office. This study explores that the number of LFG was affected by the distance and patrol hours in the working field (P < 0.01). It could also be reducing the rangers’ law enforcement if the limitation of LHG’s performance was considerably significant. Admittedly, the illegal activity might be declined by ranger’s efforts in term of patrolling activity. This study highlights the importance of LFG performance for protected area management was related to the efficacy of conservation targets.
Estimating the Impact of the MRT Elevated Railway System on Carbon Reduction in Taichung, Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Kuo-Wei , Chao Jen-Chih , Chan Hsiao-Sung , Wu Pei-Chen
Published: June 2019

Amid rapid global economic development and the threat of global warming, green transportation and related issues have risen to prominence in various countries. In Taiwan in_2009, Taichung was selected as a low-carbon demonstration city, in which energy conservation and carbon reduction would be actively promoted, with the wider aim of developing a green economy and lifestyle. This study explores the carbon-reduction benefits of the MRT elevated railway in the Taichung Metropolitan Area. The railway’s construction has been associated with intensive redevelopment of existing stations, but this process has been unbalanced due to railway physical. Five new stations will also be added, and belt-like spaces at ground level made available for housing and other non-railway-related purposes. Utilizing literature collection and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) research method to explore the factors affecting the efficiency of the MRT, this study reveals that the AHP weights of the main criteria for the escalation of MRT development in Taichung are 0.5833 for green transportation and 0.4167 for green environment; while in the overall ranking of the sub-criteria, the top three evaluation factors are mass transportation (0.31337), greenery planting (0.21832), and green building (0.19444).
The application of organic solvents and thermal process for eliminating EVA resin layer from waste photovoltaic modules
Authors: Chen Wei Sheng , Chen Yen Jung , Chen Yu An
Published: June 2019

With rapidly increasing production and installation, recycling of PV modules has become the main issue. In this study, we developed the application to recover the tempered glass from panels and remove Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) from PV cells. The processes divided into two parts, organic solvents soaking and thermal treatment. In the organic solvents process, this study soaked PV modules into organic solvents to dissolve EVA resin and recover tempered glass. In the thermal treatment, this study removed EVA resin remaining on the PV cell. This study can comprehensively recover tempered glass and remove 99.97% EVA resin from PV cell. Moreover, it can contribute to not only subsequent leaching processes but also the environment and humankind health.
Key strategies of sustainable and energy-saving development for green universities
Authors: Cai Yi-Xin , Ou Sheng-Jung , Chen Hsuan-Hung , Chiu Chien-Chen
Published: June 2019

Sustainable environment development has become a global and popular issue. In Taiwan, regardless of public authorities or private organizations, departments often promote green buildings, green campus and other practices according based upon different sustainable plans. In 2007, the Ministry of Education promoted the green universities and formally launched the Green University Development program. Subsequently, in 2009, 13 schools jointly signed “The Tallories Declaration” to promote the sustainable work of the Green University. Up to 2018, eight universities have entered the ranks of the world’s largest green universities. For finding better sustainable development strategies to improve the Green university evaluation and environmental benefits, this study analyzes the current situation of the Green University in Taiwan and presents a trend analysis of the development of Green University assessment indicators in Chaoyang University of Technology (CYUT) over the years. Finally, through the analysis, the study proposes the concrete strategies for achieving green university’s requirement, and proposes the key strategies of further achieving sustainable energy saving of green campus for Chaoyang University of Technology.
A Study on Application of Ecological Engineering Methods to a River Pollution Remediation – Case study of Liuchuan River
Authors: Hsu Che-Yu , Ou Sheng-Jung
Published: June 2019

The Liuchuan River is an urban river in Taichung City of Taiwan. It was been affected by the pollution of domestic sewage and commercial wastewater for many years, resulting in the degeneration of water quality in rivers. Because of the hard bank revetment along the coast, the urban blue ribbon are unable to interact with residents. In order to improve water quality pollution and waterway environment, the Taichung Water Resources Bureau prioritizes water quality improvement. Under the goal of ensuring flood control and drainage, it actively diversifies the waterway space to enhance the city’s local culture and life value. The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement of water quality through the discussion of low-impact development engineering remediation projects. The water permeability of the riverbank before repair is almost 0%. After the improvement, the water permeability is increased by 50%, the green area is increased by 3,322 square meters, and the water quality RPI index is reduced from 7.25 “serious pollution” to 5. “moderately pollution”. This result shows that the Liuchuan River remediation project has successfully improved the water quality and river channel. Re-injecting green elements to create a hydrophilic environment for urban blue-green belts, improving the quality of residents’ living environment, and promoting the benefits of surrounding businesses and tourism.
Hybrid-approach for sinkhole occurrence risk mitigation in urban areas
Authors: Malinowska A A , Guzy A , Hejmanowski R , Ulmaniec P.
Published: June 2019

Presented research focused on the development of a novel methodology for sinkhole risk assessment above shallow caverns in a salt mine. The research was carried out for the Wieliczka Salt Mine, which is registered on the UNESCO list and visited by near around 2 million tourists every year. The main assumption of the investigation was to estimate root cause of sinkhole occurrence on the surface. Based on the arch pressure theory the vertical stress in the roof of salt caverns was established. Constructed three-dimensional model of underground mine allowed to determine the stresses between the caverns. Furthermore, the caverns which were hazarded by roof collapse were indicated. Hybrid solution was supported by multicriteria risk analysis based on Analytic Hierarchy Process carried out in Geographical Information System. Spatial analysis led to the identification of caverns potentially influenced by other risk factors. Developed final risk maps were based on four the most significant risk factors leading to sinkhole occurrence. Vulnerability maps developed with support of Analytic Hierarchy Process indicated areas where habitants and infrastructure are exposed to sinkhole occurrence. Merging risk maps with vulnerability maps led to final hazard map, where urban areas susceptible to sinkhole occurrence were shown. In conclusion, the research carried out proved that combined spatial analysis with theoretical solution may pave the way for reliable sinkhole risk assessment above shallow caverns.
A simulation methodology on grid displaced photovoltaic (PV) prospective for existing terrace house supply in Malaysian peninsular.
Authors: Abdul-Razak AHN , Ahmad N.A , Ahmad S.S. , Haron S. N , Ermeey A.K
Published: June 2019

Accounting for the government’s intention towards sustainable energy development and the deployment of Malaysia’s first smart grid system, inclusive participation of residential units will transform their role from consumers to prosumers, enabling them to become “positive nodes” of the smart grid system. This paper evaluates the simulation output of a grid displaced electricity demand of a significant terrace-based housing cohort in Malaysia. Utilising Integrated Environmental Solution Virtual Environment (IESVE) as the simulation tool, solar panel retrofitted to the existing terrace houses in urban centres across peninsular Malaysia is investigated in order to identify its potential to displace current grid electricity demand, consequently shaving peak demand and reduced household’s ‘s electricity bill.
Connecting Solar Generated Electricity during Flood Disaster in the FELDA Communities of Malaysia: The Public Perception
Authors: Jamil S J T , Ahmad N A , Jamian J J
Published: June 2019

Solar electrification is a significant solution for supplying electricity at the evacuation centre during power shortage or blackouts in a flood disaster situation. However, it is a challenge to connect this technology to the local communities, especially for the rural people due to the limited accessibility of the technology. Strong support from the Government is needed in disseminating this technology for the locals, especially during a flood disaster where victims need the power aid relief during the power interruption. By using solar technology, the power can be generated and stored ahead of time at the flood relief centre. This paper will investigate on the perception of rural communities in Malaysia; focusing FELDA communities, in connecting the solar electrification during a flood disaster. The significant approaches for connecting FELDA communities with solar electrification need to be explored strategically. In order to investigate the acceptance of FELDA communities in connecting solar electrification in the flood evacuation centre, survey research through questionnaires has been obtained from the respondents. Interestingly, the result shows that the back-up electricity supply system is needed in order to accommodate the electricity supply at the evacuation centre when flood occurs. The research found that the local people are ready to use the solar electrification as a supportive electricity system during flood disaster. This paper has elaborated on the significance approaches towards connecting people with the technology.
Palm empty fruit bunch gasifier characterization using Eulerian-Lagrangian CFD modelling
Authors: Ardi Nugroho Priyambodo Nur , Torii Shuichi
Published: June 2019

Energy efficiency is crucial for many developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the solutions is to shift fossil fuels to an alternative source of energy, like biomass which is also available abundantly. Biomass conversion technique like gasification using palm empty fruit bunch is essential considering its potential in Indonesia. Advanced technology with a cost-effective and highly efficient gasification process is required to promote this method, especially in a rural area. Computational analysis for design and initial study is mandatory because gasification involves complicated chemical reactions. Biomass gasification characteristic was investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) program STAR CCM+. The Eulerian-Lagrangian concept was employed to model the gaseous phase (air) and solid phase (biomass particles) of biomass gasifier accordingly. Each of the gasification syngas formation - i.e., CO, N2, CH4, and H2 respectively - were analyzed. The objective of this paper is to characterize biomass gasification steps started with drying, thermal decomposition/pyrolysis, partial combustion of gases, vapor, and char, and finished with the gasification of decomposed products.
Thermodynamic performance comparison between singlepressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycles for heat sources with outlet temperature limit
Authors: Li Jian , Yang Jingze , Ge Zhong , Duan Yuanyuan , Yang Zhen
Published: June 2019

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a widely used technology to generate power from renewable energy and waste heat. Dual-pressure evaporation cycle holds immense potential to be used in ORC systems because it can remarkably increase the heat-work conversion efficiency and improve the adaptability of ORC to heat sources with various characteristics. This study compared the thermodynamic performance of single-pressure and dual-pressure evaporation ORCs for heat sources with outlet temperature limit, based on five organic fluids. Effects of the heat source outlet temperature limit on the characteristics of dual-pressure evaporation ORC system were also discussed. Results show that the dual-pressure evaporation cycle can substantially increase the net power output by increasing system efficiency, and is beneficial to reduce the charge volume of organic fluid in the system, compared to the single-pressure evaporation cycle. The increments in net power output of dual-pressure evaporation cycle over the single-pressure evaporation cycle can be 4.9%, 8.3%, 10.8%, 12.8%, and 14.0% at most for R227ea, R1234ze(E), R600a, R245fa, and R601a, respectively. While, compared to heat sources without outlet temperature limit, the increment in net power output of dual-pressure evaporation cycle is remarkably lower for heat sources with outlet temperature limit.
Conversion of carbon dioxide into storable solar fuels using solar energy
Authors: Ennaceri Houda , Abel Bernd
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, there are two main energy and environmental concerns, the first is the risk of running out of fossil fuels in the next few decades, and the second is the alarming increase in the carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere, causing global warming and rise of see levels. Therefore, solar-driven technologies represent a substantial solution to fossil fuels dependence, global warming and climate change. Unlike most scientific research, which aim to use solar energy to generate electricity, solar energy can also be harnessed by recycling the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through high-tech artificial photosynthesis with the objective of producing storable and liquid solar fuels from CO2 and water. There are two types of solar fuels, the first being hydrogen, which can be produced by mean of water splitting processes. The combustion of hydrogen generates water, which is a completely clean option for the environment. The second type of solar fuels consists of carbon-based fuels, such as methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), or alcohols such as methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (C2H5OH). The production to liquid solar fuels liquid fuels is of great interest, since they can be used in the current industrial infrastructures such as the automobiles’ sector, without substantial changes in the vehicles’ internal combustion engines. Therefore, guaranteeing a smooth transition from fossil fuel energy to renewable energy without radical economic consequences. Also, and most importantly, when these solar fuels are burned, they will only release the exact amount of CO2 which was initially used, which represents an optimal process for sustainable transport.
Device Selection of the Potential Wave Energy Site in Indonesian Seas
Authors: Triasdian B , Indartono Y S , Ningsih N S , Novitasari D
Published: June 2019

Ocean wave energy (OWE) is one of many promising renewable energy sources with a high energy density. By using the average wave energy data of 21-year WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model, some areas were discovered to have a great potential for the wave energy generation. This present study was evaluating the selected Wave Energy Converters (WEC) and determining their capability to do the energy capture in the potential site of the Indonesian seas. The data of WW3 indicate the energy flux of OWE in Indonesia reached to 74.65 kW/m. The case study was conducted in the present research placed in an area of the Java Island called Cidaun, with energy flux about 42.41 kW/m. One of the Heaving Device type was used for assessing the practical energy and to analyze its development in Indonesia with certain limitations; a single round float and diameter device about two meters. The annual energy extracted from the designated WEC was approximately reached 119 GWh. Furthermore, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was assessed for the particular device in the selected site, resulted about 25.13 $cent/kWh or four times higher than a standard of minimum feed in tariff given by the Indonesian government.
Taichung City’s Management Strategy for Leisure Cycleway Maintenance: A Case Study of Gaomei Cycleway
Authors: Chien Yu-Chen , Yew Sue Yee
Published: June 2019

In an era marked by global warming, energy conservation and carbon reduction are increasingly prioritized by national and local governments, companies and individuals. The bicycle is emerging as an important tool for reducing the overall volume of traffic, protecting the environment and conserving energy, as well as improving individuals’ health and relieving their stress. Therefore, environmental demand for cycleway is garnering increased attention. The cycleway built by Taichung City’s government include the Gaomei Cycleway, a coastal route famous for its seascapes and sunsets, and surrounded by rich ecological resources. This study uses Gaomei as a case for exploring the city’s maintenance and management strategies for its cycleway. Specifically, it looks at the varying demands placed on Gaomei and the system in general by leisure users and commuters. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was used to review bikers’ strategy recommendations generated from a questionnaire covering four facets: safety, continuity, service facilities, and environment. The results of IPA indicate that bike commuters give more weight of the safety and continuity facets due to the high frequency with which they use the system, whereas leisure are more attuned to the other two facets.
A Design Optimization Index for Two Types of Cycleways
Authors: Chien Yu-Chen , Wu Cheng-Hung
Published: June 2019

Amid rising environmental awareness, sustainable and low-carbon traffic tools are attracting considerable attention. Increasing worldwide use of bicycles for both leisure and basic transportation has increased the importance of public bicycle-related infrastructure, notably cycleways. This paper proposes a Design Optimization Index for two types of cycleways, i.e., those that are used primarily for commuting, and those that are mostly for leisure. Based on a literature review, the researchers initially developed 27 impact factors. Then, through the fuzzy Delphi method of collecting and refining advice from a group of experts, these were integrated into a five-part structure consisting of “security”, “convenience”, “environmental friendliness”, “comfort” and “attractiveness”, which can be further broen down into 16 factors in the case of commuter cycleways, and 15 factors in the case of leisure cycleways.
Start-Up and dynamic processes simulation of SOFC-MGT hybrid power system
Authors: Deng Kangjie , Yang Chen
Published: June 2019

For the start-up process of a hybrid system consisting of a Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) and a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), the surge of the MGT is largely destructive. The MGT, which has a small thermal inertia, can start quickly. However, due to the large thermal inertia of SOFC, starting up SOFC quickly is easily malfunction. Therefore, fast and safe start-up process investigation of the coupling hybrid system is of great challenging and significance. This paper developed a dynamic model of the SOFC-MGT hybrid power systems and studied the rapid start-up process in the case of avoiding gas turbine surge and protecting SOFC by adding other afterburning, auxiliary systems, and bypass valves. The result shows that the bypass from compressor exit to atmosphere can effectively avoid system unstable and the strategy of starting the MGT and SOFC respectively is reasonable. The start-up process simulation provides a reference to the actual SOFC-MGT hybrid power systems.
The use of faba-bean cropping as a sustainable and energy saving technology – A new protein self-sufficiency opportunity for European agriculture?
Authors: Lybæk R , Hauggaard-Nielsen H
Published: June 2019

European agriculture relies on large amounts of imported protein fodder, primarily soya-beans, for livestock rearing from e.g. South and North America. This has severe social and environmental impacts, and require large amount of fossil fuel to cultivate, harvest and transport. This paper investigates how faba-beans - a leguminous crop able to fixate its own nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria while providing various other Eco System Services - can be adopted, as a valuable crop by farmers in EU. This could substitute import of soya-bean for animal fodder, providing global savings in pesticide, artificial fertilizer and fossil energy usage. Emphasizing transition theory and e.g. farm machinery, culture and policies, we conclude, that activities must be applied at all levels of the agricultural system. New transition pathways are e.g. to strengthen farm networks to share knowledge and farm equipment for faba-bean cultivation, and to enhance the environmental regulation to limit the amount of artificial fertilizer distributed on farmland making legumes more valuable for farmers.
Recovery of Gold from Radioactive Gold Waste Using The Redox Replacement Method with Zn-Foil Reductor
Authors: Billah Aulia Arivin , Pujiyanto Anung , Hambali  , Lestari Enny
Published: June 2019

The residual waste of synthesis and use of radioactive elements of gold 198Au as a radiopharmaceutical and tracer after decaying can be reused as an irradiated target material. The gold recovery process was carried out on Au-198 radioactive nano gold waste with the redox replacement method using Zn-foil as metal reducing agent. Radioactive Au-gold waste was stored until it decayed to its background, so it is not dangerous and does not interfere with the optical characterization process. The sample was dissolved with aquaregia and evaporated so that the chelating or dendrimer material can be released and oxidized. The evaporation was done to reduce acidity and obtain the salt. Furthermore, the salt solution of HAuCl4 is reduced with Zn-foil so that the pure gold deposits can be obtained through a redox process. The results of the XRF analysis showed that the gold deposits formed have fairly good purity with little Zn and Zr impurities derived from the erosion of the melting container. The yield calculation results based on ICP-OES data obtained a recovery percentage of 68.73%. The method of taking gold deposits must be increased to reduce the gold particles attached to the bar stirrer and to the melting pottery container.
4. The great catastrophes
Authors: Wignall Paul B.
Published: June 2019

What is a mass extinction? Mass extinction events are geologically short intervals of time (always under a million years), marked by dramatic increases of extinction rates in a broad range of environments around the world. In essence they are global catastrophes that left no environment unaffected and that have fundamentally changed the trajectory of life. ‘The great catastrophes’ describes the big five mass extinctions—the end-Ordovician 445 million years ago, the Late Devonian 374 million years ago, the Permo-Triassic 252 million years ago, the end-Triassic 201 million years ago, and Cretaceous-Paleogene sixty-six million years ago—and thoughts on their likely causes, along with other important extinction events identified at the start of the Cambrian and in the Early Jurassic.
6. What happened to the Ice Age megafauna?
Authors: Wignall Paul B.
Published: June 2019

The Ice Age or Pleistocene Period, from 2.6 million to 11,650 years ago, was a time when the climate cycled from glacial to interglacial states every 100,000 years or so, resulting in significant sea-level changes. During the last glacial maximum, numerous large, terrestrial animals disappeared, now termed the Pleistocene megafauna extinction. Its cause has been one of the most highly contested topics in palaeontology in recent years. ‘What happened to the Ice Age megafauna?’ describes how although the losses overall were trivial compared to the scale experienced during the big five mass extinctions, they were highly selective and very similar on all continents. The two main culprits proposed have been climate change and humans.