bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indigenous identity transformations: The pivotal role of student-to-student abuse in Indian Residential Schools
Authors: Matheson Kimberly , Bombay Amy , Haslam S. Alexander , Anisman Hymie
Published: August 2016

Embracing a shared social identity typically serves to protect group members in the face of threats. However, under some conditions, intragroup dynamics are diverted so that instead, they contribute to disturbances in collective well-being. The present analysis applies a social identity framework to understand how intragroup processes elicited in Indian Residential Schools (IRS) altered the capacity of Indigenous peoples to overcome damage to their identity and collective functioning. With the alleged goal of assimilating the Indigenous population, residential schools in Canada entailed the forced removal of Indigenous children from their communities. A Truth and Reconciliation Commission established in 2008 confirmed the extensive abuse perpetrated by IRS staff, but also raised awareness of the pervasiveness of student-to-student abuse. Supported by qualitative analyses of the reports of social service providers working with IRS survivors ( N =  43), it is argued that a key part of the dynamics in the IRSs was the subversion of intragroup processes among Indigenous children in attendance. Understanding intragroup dynamics provides a basis for recognizing the persistent effects of IRSs, and for identifying strategies to heal and reclaim a positive collective identity.
Encounters with service professionals experienced by children from families with alcohol problems: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Werner Anne , Malterud Kirsti
Published: August 2016

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore encounters with service professionals experienced in childhood and adolescence by children who grew up with parental alcohol abuse. We focused on their accounts from situations indicating children’s struggles or parental drinking problems. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interview study was conducted with retrospective data from nine adults. Systematic text condensation was used to understand childhood experiences from encounters with professionals. Results: Participants believed that professionals rarely recognised their parents’ drinking problems. The children felt abandoned by professionals who must have noticed their struggles. Participants experienced that their appearance or behaviour was ignored and that they were not invited to talk. Professionals taking part in individual family members’ problems seemed to avoid subsequent involvement in underlying parental drinking. Even when problems were obvious, participants felt that professionals took no further action. Medical and social problems were managed within very confined perspectives. Conclusions: Specific commitment to confront cultural taboos is needed to attend to children’s unmet needs. Recognising each young person’s situation implies not only noticing that something is wrong, but also taking action. Children’s experiences of fragmented and confined approaches towards parental drinking problems may be counteracted by better collaboration between teachers, school nurses and GPs.
Assessing glass-fiber modification developments by comparison of glass-fiber epoxy composites with reference materials: Some thoughts on relevance
Authors: Frey Marion , Brunner Andreas J
Published: August 2016

Any approach for designing composites with improved mechanical properties finally has to be assessed for respective improvements achieved. Glass-fiber reinforced epoxy matrix laminates consist of several constituents. Pretreatment of the constituents, the processes combining the matrix with the reinforcing fibers as well as the curing of the laminate may all have an effect on the resulting mechanical or fracture properties of the composites. In this contribution, the authors present selected cases from recent materials developments, dealing with glass-fiber epoxy laminates for which a thermal fiber treatment for desizing was compared with chemical solvent desizing. While desizing with a solvent and resizing with another type of sizing yielded tensile and interlaminar shear properties comparable to those of laminates prepared from as-received fibers, but lower for desized fibers, resizing after thermal desizing treatment exceeding +500 ℃ yielded lower properties for laminates from desized and resized fibers, but roughly in the same percentage difference as chemically desized and resized fiber laminates. This raises the question of how material or interface modifications in glass-fiber epoxy composites can best be compared for an assessment of the improvements achieved by the fiber treatments or the fiber–matrix interface modifications.
Toward a taxonomy of newspaper information quality: An experimental model and test applied to Venezuela dimensions found in information quality
Authors: Romero-Rodríguez Luis M , Aguaded Ignacio
Published: August 2016

The quality of information from communication media is a topic that has been dealt with by various theorists through the analysis of the final products of information. This research work offers an analysis model of the quality of information of printed news media by the use of three indexes of categories and structured dimensions that will allow for the assessment and evaluation of the quality of information from the media, and the identification of the incidence of political-economic conditions of the journalistic environment’s macro-environment. For this, an experimental test of two Venezuelan media outlets was performed. Their use allowed us to conclude that political polarization and discourse of social confrontation, as well as economic factors such as inflation and pay scales had a proportionally direct effect on the quality of information products.
Reader reaction to news of mass suffering: Assessing the influence of story form and emotional response
Authors: Maier Scott R , Slovic Paul , Mayorga Marcus
Published: August 2016

Drawing from psychological research, the study examines how story form influences reader reaction to news accounts of mass violence in Africa. An online survey with embedded experimental conditions was administered to a US Internet panel (n = 638). Results show that how the story is told affects reader emotional response and, indirectly, charitable giving. Story personification had the strongest influence, followed by stories with photographic images. Use of statistical and mobilizing information had only a small effect on reader response. The straight news story – the predominant form of news reporting – evoked the weakest emotional response. The findings underscore that simply ‘reporting the news’ is often insufficient to arouse audience response. The reader needs empathetic connection, especially when dealing with large-scale distant suffering. Applying psychological principles to practical journalism, the study is intended to guide media practitioners and activists as they seek better ways to bring attention to the world’s most deplorable conditions.
The impact of congruence between self-concept and destination personality on behavioural intentions for visiting an Islamic-historical destination
Authors: Khazaei Pool Javad , Khodadadi Masood , Asadi Ali
Published: August 2016

Today, understanding the reason for tourists choosing an Islamic destination over other destinations is considered a vital aspect of Islamic tourism studies. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyse the factors influencing the behavioural intentions including congruence between self-concept and destination personality, destination personality and tourist’s satisfaction and perceived experience. The targeted respondents of the present research consist of foreign tourists who chose a historical-Islamic destination. Data were analysed through structural equation modelling. Results show that the tourists’ perceived experience and satisfaction influence the behavioural intentions of the tourist. Furthermore, the congruence between self-concept and destination personality influences the tourists’ perceived experience and satisfaction and finally, perceived experience influences tourist satisfaction.
An empirical basis for the use of design patterns by architects in parametric design
Authors: Yu Rongrong , Gero John S
Published: August 2016

This article presents the results from exploring the impact of using a parametric design tool on designers’ behavior in terms of using design patterns in the early conceptual development stage of designing. It is based on an empirical cognitive study in which eight architectural designers were asked to complete two architectural design tasks with similar complexity, respectively, in a parametric design environment and a geometric modeling environment. The protocol analysis method was employed to study the designers’ behavior. In order to explore the development of design patterns in the empirical data, Markov model analysis is utilized. Through Markov models analysis of the parametric design environment and geometric modeling environment results, it was found that there are some significantly different design patterns being used when designing in a parametric design environment compared to designing in a geometric modeling environment. The article articulates these differences and draws conclusions from these results.
The effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on mortality, balance, and risk of fall in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Hakamy Ali , Bolton Charlotte E , McKeever Tricia M
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of published studies that evaluate the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on survival and fall (including balance) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stability. OVID, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane collaboration library were searched for literature dating from January 1980 up to November 2014 as well as an update in October 2015. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full text records, extracted data, and assessed studies for risk of bias; any disagreements were resolved by a third member of the team, and consensus was always sought. Initial searches yielded 3216 records but after review only seven studies were included and there were no studies focused solely on falls. Two cohort studies found some positive benefits of PR on balance, but the results were inconsistent across the studies. Regarding survival, two randomized controlled trials were conducted; one study showed significant survival benefit at 1 year, while the other one showed nonsignificant survival benefit at 3 years. Neither were adequately powered and in both, survival was a secondary outcome. There was only limited inconclusive evidence to show that PR has a significant beneficial effect on balance or survival.
Fabrication of magnetized polyester fabric grafted with β-cyclodextrin for controlled release of menthol
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Xin , Mao Ningtao , Sun Runjun , Xu Jun
Published: August 2016

The technology of producing a magnetized polyester fabric for controlled and accelerated release of menthol in potential biomedical applications is reported in this paper. The magnetized polyester fabric is prepared in a facile hydrothermal process and subsequently modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane, grafted with carboxylated β-cyclodextrin, and loaded with menthol under hydrothermal conditions. The microstructure, thermal and magnetic properties of both carboxylated β-cyclodextrins and magnetized polyester fabrics grafted with β-cyclodextrins are characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy techniques. It is evident that the carboxylated β-cyclodextrin is synthesized and successfully grafted on the surface of the modified magnetic polyester fabric. Both hyperthermia effect and controlled release behavior of the magnetized polyester fabric loaded with menthol are measured under high-frequency alternating current magnetic fields. It is found that the menthol included in β-cyclodextrin could be released in a controlled and accelerated way under external alternating current magnetic fields.
Group Sex as Play
Authors: Harviainen J. Tuomas , Frank Katherine
Published: August 2016

Drawing on ethnographic and interview data collected from the United States and Finland on lifestyle (“swinging”) events, this article explores the implicit and explicit rules influencing negotiations for group sex as a type of play. Participants maintain a sense of freedom and spontaneity while acting within situational constraints—ethical expectations, preexplicated rules, implicit rules, and complex negotiations that occur during the play itself either openly or more subtly. Because it has implications for the participants’ everyday lives, lifestyle group sex is a phenomenon on the border between games and adult play. Through an analysis of the rules and social contracts arising in group sex, we demonstrate how participants learn to read interactions at group sex events in the way that players learn game systems and how they can and do become “good players” in such situations.
A Critical Cultural History of Online Games in China, 1995–2015
Authors: Chew Matthew M.
Published: August 2016

This study critically assesses the Chinese online games industry through problematizing the creativity of Chinese games. I find that between 1995 and 2001, Chinese online games were mostly developed by amateurs, noncommercial, and considerably creative. Between 2002 and 2005, industrial growth allowed some room for local creativity despite commercialization and dominance of imported games. Current scholarly, business, and media discourses unfairly ignore creativity in these first two periods and yet praise the Chinese game industry’s commercial success since the late 2000s. I challenge these discourses by illustrating that between 2006 and early 2009, a new, ethically dubious, and uniquely Chinese business model emerged, became domestically dominant, and quietly and profoundly impacted on global online game design. From mid-2009 to 2015, there is ongoing corporatization based on the dubious Chinese business model on the one hand, and a reemphasis on creativity motivated by browser and mobile game formats on the other.
Decentralized attitude synchronization of spacecraft formations under complex communication topology
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Sun Zhaowei , Wu Xiande , Liang Haichao , Wang Jianying
Published: August 2016

The attitude synchronizing of formation flying spacecrafts is an essential ingredient in almost all practical situations. However, thus far no control scheme was proposed for synchronizing the attitude of multiple spacecraft without a prescribed reference attitude in the presence of disturbance torques and limited communication topology. A decentralized robust attitude control law is proposed in order to guarantee spacecraft attitude synchronization under external disturbances in the absence of a common reference attitude or any other hierarchy in the formation. The proposed controller is effective with a large range of communication topologies and is designed using the absolute angular velocity and attitude quaternion. The control scheme is robust against environmental disturbance torques. The convergence and stability of the proposed controller for the resulting closed-loop system are proven theoretically. Numerical simulations are included to validate the analytical results.
American and Japanese kindergartners’ views of play through the use of photo elicitation interviews (PEIs)
Authors: Izumi-Taylor Satomi , Ito Yoko , Krisell Meredith
Published: August 2016

The purpose of the study was to examine American and Japanese kindergarteners’ views of play. The participants consisted of 44 kindergarteners and their five teachers in the southeastern United States and 50 kindergarteners and their three teachers on Japan’s main island. Both groups of children were asked to photograph their views of play and to explain the reasons for their photographs. Teachers were also interviewed about their views of play. Qualitative analysis revealed that children’s views of play were associated with interactions with others, preferred environments, and favorite toys/props. Both groups of children photographed outdoors. Only Japanese children photographed toys/props without people while no American children did. Many children’s reasons for photographs were descriptive while Japanese children described physical environments, affective states, and favorite toys/props. Only Japanese children’s photographs captured toys/props and outdoor environments without people and they gave more detailed explanations for their photographs than did American children.
Innovation Relay
Authors: Maughan Erin D. , Galemore Cynthia , Mattey Beth
Published: August 2016

NASN’s 48th Annual School Nurse Conference—Learning, Linking, Leading—included the first ever innovation relay contest. The relay was based on a design developed by the Institute of Healthcare Improvement’s Innovation Relay. Participation included 43 contestants from 16 states and one foreign country. Teams were given 24 hours to develop a solution. This article describes the process utilized, the problem introduced, and a brief synopsis of each team’s solution. The ongoing purpose of the exercise is to encourage innovation by school nurses as they experience student health–related barriers in the academic setting.
Discreet Openness: Scholars’ Selective and Intentional Self-Disclosures Online
Authors: Veletsianos George , Stewart Bonnie
Published: August 2016

Research into emergent forms of scholarship focuses on academics’ use of technology for learning, teaching, and research. Very little attention has been paid in the literature to scholars’ uses of social media to disclose challenging personal and professional issues. This article addresses the identified gap in the literature and presents a qualitative investigation into the types of disclosures that 16 scholars made online and their reasons for doing so. Results identify wide-ranging personal and professional disclosures. Participants disclosed not only about academia-related issues but also about challenges pertaining to family, mental health, physical health, identity, and relationships. Some scholars disclosed as a way to grapple with challenges they faced; others disclosed tactically, sharing information for political rather than personal reasons. Yet others disclosed as a way to welcome care in their lives. In all instances, though, disclosures were selective, intentional, and approached with foresight.
Clinical results of renal artery embolization to control postoperative hemorrhage after partial nephrectomy
Authors: Jeon Chang Ho , Seong Nak Jong , Yoon Chang Jin , Byun Seok-Soo , Lee Sang Eun
Published: August 2016

Background

With the wider application of nephron-sparing surgery, there has been an increase in the occurrence of postoperative hemorrhage. However, despite such an increase, there are only a limited number of reports regarding renal artery embolization (RAE) for the management of postoperative bleeding after nephron-sparing surgery, especially after robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN).

Purpose

To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of transcatheter RAE for postoperative hemorrhage after open partial nephrectomy (OPN) and RALPN.

Material and Methods

A total of 29 patients (17 men, 12 women; age range, 31–70 years) who were referred to our hospital for postoperative hemorrhage after partial nephrectomy, between December 2003 and December 2014, were selected. We retrospectively reviewed patients’ clinical data, angiographic findings, embolization details, and clinical outcomes.

Results

Embolization was performed in patients who underwent OPN (25/29) and RALPN (4/29). The angiographic findings were as follows: renal artery pseudoaneurysm (n = 18), contrast extravasation (n = 8), and arteriovenous fistula (n = 3). Fiber-coated microcoil and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) was administered to the targeted bleeding renal arteries in 12 and 11 patients, respectively. In six patients, fiber-coated microcoil and NBCA were used concurrently. Technical and clinical successes were achieved in all patients (100%). Bleeding cessation was achieved in all patients, and no further relevant surgeries or interventions were required for hemorrhage control. There were no episodes of hemorrhagic recurrence during the follow-up period (median, 20 days; range, 7–108 days).

Conclusion

Angiography and RAE identified the origin of bleeding and could successfully preserve the residual renal function.
Mind the Gap
Authors: Cartmill Erica A.
Published: August 2016

Children from poor families typically know fewer words when they enter school than children from wealthy families do. This “word gap” persists over time and may significantly affect educational achievement. The language children hear at home before they start school influences how many words they learn. Children from poorer families typically hear fewer words. New programs tackle the language gap by encouraging poorer parents to talk more to their children. These programs have excellent intentions, but they also have significant limitations. They count only the number of words, ignoring important differences in how language is used in social and physical contexts. They also carry implicit ideologies about “correct” language practices and may stigmatize some parents or cultures. To succeed in leveling the playing field in early education, interventions should consider features of language beyond the word and partner more closely with parents to create sustainable programs tailored to the desires and practices of local communities.
Languaging Everyday Life in Classrooms
Authors: Bloome David , Beauchemin Faythe
Published: August 2016

We explore how the languaging of everyday life in classrooms promulgates conceptions of personhood. We use the term “languaging” to argue for a shift from conceptions of language as a noun to languaging as a verb, a view of language as inseparable from and constitutive of the actions and reactions of people in response to each other. It is through languaging that people act on each other, performative and commissive acts through which people establish their and others’ personhood. All parties are involved (including students, teachers, parents, administrators, and researchers) in the languaging of daily classroom life. This languaging occurs in a dialectical process. It occurs not only in the events of daily classroom life but also in how researchers act on the classroom by languaging the classroom and in turn how this acting upon influences values, epistemologies, and the happenings of daily life in classrooms. Grounded in the microethnographic analysis of a classroom writing event, and building on the philosophy of Buber, we argue that it is through languaging that people negotiate conceptions of what it means to be human—oscillating between personhood defined as I-Thou and as I-It, with the later implying a state of alienation. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of languaging and the conceptions personhood inherent to any languaging on daily classroom life.
A call for comparative effectiveness research to learn whether routine clinical care decisions can protect from dementia and cognitive decline
Authors: Dacks Penny A. , Armstrong Joshua J. , Brannan Stephen K. , Carman Aaron J. , Green Allan M. , Kirkman M. Sue , Krakoff Lawrence R. , Kuller Lewis H. , Launer Lenore J. , Lovestone Simon , Merikle Elizabeth , Neumann Peter J. , Rockwood Kenneth , Shineman Diana W. , Stefanacci Richard G. , Velentgas Priscilla , Viswanathan Anand , Whitmer Rachel A. , Williamson Jeff D. , Fillit Howard M.
Published: August 2016

Common diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation are probable risk factors for dementia, suggesting that their treatments may influence the risk and rate of cognitive and functional decline. Moreover, specific therapies and medications may affect long-term brain health through mechanisms that are independent of their primary indication. While surgery, benzodiazepines, and anti-cholinergic drugs may accelerate decline or even raise the risk of dementia, other medications act directly on the brain to potentially slow the pathology that underlies Alzheimer’s and other dementia. In other words, the functional and cognitive decline in vulnerable patients may be influenced by the choice of treatments for other medical conditions. Despite the importance of these questions, very little research is available. The Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation convened an advisory panel to discuss the existing evidence and to recommend strategies to accelerate the development of comparative effectiveness research on how choices in the clinical care of common chronic diseases may protect from cognitive decline and dementia.
Older patients are still under-represented in clinical trials of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Banzi Rita , Camaioni Paolo , Tettamanti Mauro , Bertele’ Vittorio , Lucca Ugo
Published: August 2016

Background

The age gap between participants in trials and patients who could benefit from the drugs studied has been widely documented across different clinical areas. Patients with dementia included in clinical research are systematically younger than those in the general population. We examined the age gap between participants in recent clinical trials testing interventions for Alzheimer’s disease and epidemiological data.

Methods

We systematically searched literature databases (MedLine, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library) and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2000 to July 2015 to retrieve clinical trials testing pharmacologic treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, other than cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine. We included ongoing and completed phase II/III randomized clinical trials, irrespective of their publication status. From each study reporting the participants’ ages, we extracted size of sample, mean age, and standard deviation, and estimated the proportions of participants in different age classes. The number of patients with Alzheimer’s disease by age class in the USA population was used for comparison.

Results

We included 165 clinical trials testing almost 100 different compounds, which enrolled or planned to enroll about 74,300 participants. Seventy-nine of these trials, accounting for about 26,800 participants, reported the age of the participants. The weighted mean age was 73.6 years (standard deviation, 8.2). People younger than 80 years were highly represented in clinical trials (78 %), despite the fact that those aged 80 and older form the majority (72 %) of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Only 8 % of clinical trial participants were 85 years or older.

Conclusions

Patients enrolled in clinical trials on Alzheimer’s disease are far from being representative of actual distribution of the patients in the general population. Clinical research should not be designed and conducted overlooking the fact that the majority of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease are likely to be 80 or older.
Full Spectrum Offense: Savoy's Reverbstorm and the Weirding of Modernity
Authors: Noys Benjamin
Published: August 2016

The Old Weird, weird fiction written between 1890 and 1940, was often reactionary and, in the figure of H. P. Lovecraft, racist. Contemporary New Weird writing is characterized by a contrasting politics that stresses the weird as the destabilization of normative conceptions of the human. In the work of the United Kingdom–based publisher Savoy we find a different strategy: confrontation with and replication of the racist and anti-Semitic strategies of the Old Weird. The Savoy work centers on the character Lord Horror, a fictionalized reworking of the wartime broadcaster for the Nazis, William Joyce, who was nicknamed Lord Haw-Haw and executed for treason in 1946. Lord Horror is a multimedia production appearing in novels, comic books and graphic novels, music, and films. Focusing on the graphic novel Reverbstorm (2012), this article explores the dense visual and textual “universe” of Lord Horror as a form of weird fiction. This universe is visually indebted to the work of Lovecraft, develops a visual weird architecture, exacerbates the form of pulp modernism, and intensifies the disintegration of narrative. The neo-weird of Reverbstorm develops a new form of weird fiction in which the instability of the weird becomes problematic and is not simply to be celebrated as a site of liberation.
Identifying the ligated amino acid of archaeal tRNAs based on positions outside the anticodon
Authors: Galili Tal , Gingold Hila , Shaul Shaul , Benjamini Yoav
Published: August 2016

Proper recognition of tRNAs by their aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is essential for translation accuracy. Following evidence that the enzymes can recognize the correct tRNA even when anticodon information is masked, we search for additional nucleotide positions within the tRNA molecule that potentially contain information for amino acid identification. Analyzing 3936 sequences of tRNA genes from 86 archaeal species, we show that the tRNAs’ cognate amino acids can be identified by the information embedded in the tRNAs’ nucleotide positions without relying on the anticodon information. We present a small set of six to 10 informative positions along the tRNA, which allow for amino acid identification accuracy of 90.6% to 97.4%, respectively. We inspected tRNAs for each of the 20 amino acid types for such informative positions and found that tRNA genes for some amino acids are distinguishable from others by as few as one or two positions. The informative nucleotide positions are in agreement with nucleotide positions that were experimentally shown to affect the loaded amino acid identity. Interestingly, the knowledge gained from the tRNA genes of one archaeal phylum does not extrapolate well to another phylum. Furthermore, each species has a unique ensemble of nucleotides in the informative tRNA positions, and the similarity between the sets of positions of two distinct species reflects their evolutionary distance. Hence, we term this set of informative positions a “tRNA cipher.” It is tempting to suggest that the diverging code identified here might also serve the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase in the task of tRNA recognition.
South-East Asian strains of Plasmodium falciparum display higher ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous polymorphisms compared to African strains
Authors: Singh Gajinder Pal , Sharma Amit
Published: August 2016

Resistance to frontline anti-malarial drugs, including artemisinin, has repeatedly arisen in South-East Asia, but the reasons for this are not understood. Here we test whether evolutionary constraints on Plasmodium falciparum strains from South-East Asia differ from African strains. We find a significantly higher ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous polymorphisms in P. falciparum from South-East Asia compared to Africa, suggesting differences in the selective constraints on P. falciparum genome in these geographical regions. Furthermore, South-East Asian strains showed a higher proportion of non-synonymous polymorphism at conserved positions, suggesting reduced negative selection. There was a lower rate of mixed infection by multiple genotypes in samples from South-East Asia compared to Africa. We propose that a lower mixed infection rate in South-East Asia reduces intra-host competition between the parasite clones, reducing the efficiency of natural selection. This might increase the probability of fixation of fitness-reducing mutations including drug resistant ones.
Visual acuity measured with luminance-modulated and contrast-modulated noise letter stimuli in young adults and adults above 50 years old
Authors: Woi Pui Juan , Kaur Sharanjeet , Waugh Sarah J. , Hairol Mohd Izzuddin
Published: August 2016

The human visual system is sensitive in detecting objects that have different luminance level from their background, known as first-order or luminance-modulated (LM) stimuli. We are also able to detect objects that have the same mean luminance as their background, only differing in contrast (or other attributes). Such objects are known as second-order or contrast-modulated (CM), stimuli. CM stimuli are thought to be processed in higher visual areas compared to LM stimuli, and may be more susceptible to ageing. We compared visual acuities (VA) of five healthy older adults (54.0±1.83 years old) and five healthy younger adults (25.4±1.29 years old) with LM and CM letters under monocular and binocular viewing. For monocular viewing, age had no effect on VA [F(1, 8)= 2.50, p> 0.05]. However, there was a significant main effect of age on VA under binocular viewing [F(1, 8)= 5.67, p< 0.05].  Binocular VA with CM letters in younger adults was approximately two lines better than that in older adults. For LM, binocular summation ratios were similar for older (1.16±0.21) and younger (1.15±0.06) adults. For CM, younger adults had higher binocular summation ratio (1.39±0.08) compared to older adults (1.12±0.09). Binocular viewing improved VA with LM letters for both groups similarly. However, in older adults, binocular viewing did not improve VA with CM letters as much as in younger adults. This could reflect a decline of higher visual areas due to ageing process, most likely higher than V1, which may be missed if measured with luminance-based stimuli alone.
USE OF ORGANIC CHROME ADDITIVES IN RATIONS OF COWS
Authors: Ломаева  , Lomaeva Anetta , Кислякова  , Kislyakova Elena , Москвичева  , Moskvicheva Anastasiya
Published: August 2016

The article presents the study results of chromium propionate nutrition effect on productive and reproductive quality of fresh cows. It was found, that the addition of chromium-containing mineral additive KemTREYS of chromium propionate 0.4% increase the value of milk to 5.3% for 305 days of lactation, the content of the mass fraction of fat and protein to 0.04%. The most positive effect of nutrition additives had on the reproductive quality of cows, with the reduced number of pathological delivery and, significantly, reduced the duration of the service period.
IMPACT OF VEHICLE EMISSIONS ON THE QUALITY OF WOODY PLANTS SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS GROWN FROM THEM
Authors: Мироненко  , Mironenko Elena , Шлапакова  , Shlapakova Svetlana
Published: August 2016

The negative impact of vehicle emissions on the quality of woody plants seeds and seedlings, grown from them, was noted in the article. The reduction of crop grade of Aser ginnala, Tilia platyphyllos and Fraxinus exselsior is manifested the most strongly; Aesculus hippocastanum, Robinia pseudoacacia and Physocarpus opulfolia degradation is insignificant.
INFLENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE SEEDING DATE AND WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Фадеева  , Fadeeva Irina , Газизов  , Gazizov Ilyas
Published: August 2016

The analysis of meteorological factors was carried out for the period of autumn-winter growing season of winter wheat of 2004-2015 years in the Kama area of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article presents an increase of the amount of average daily temperatures in August and September to 1.13 and 5.18 degrees per year, respectively.
SORGO PRODUCTIVITY DEPENDING ON PREDECESSORS AND FERTILIZERS
Authors: Фомин  , Fomin Dmitriy
Published: August 2016

In the Republic of Tatarstan, the sorgo introduction engaged since the middle of 90-ies of XX century. During this time the technology of primary and secondary soil tillage, seeding rates and methods were studied. This article discusses the predecessors and mineral fertilizers dozes.
REGULATION OF AUDITING STANDARDS WORK IN RUSSIA AND CHINA
Authors: Баутин  , Bautin Vladimir , Карзаева  , Karzaeva Natalya , Полидань  , Polidan Ayli
Published: August 2016

The article discusses the role and position of audit standards in the economy. On the basis of concept elements of audit standards we carried out a comparative analysis of the norms of the Chinese Law № 32 from 31 August, 1994 “On audit” and the Law of the Russian Federation №307-FZ from 30 December, 2008 “On Auditing activity”. The place of audit in the model of functioning economic entities in Russia and China was determined, the validity of recognition the audit as an independent infrastructure sector of the economy of two countries was considered, the conflict of participants interests of audit activity in Russia was reviewed and the legislative approach to solving this problem was noted, the absence of conflict of interests in carrying out audit in China was justified. A particular attention is paid to the regulation of auditing standards, confirming the concept of auditing. Based on the analysis we made a conclusion, allowing to recognize the market nature of the audit activity concepts in Russia and administrative nature in China.
ISSUES OF THE EFFECTIVE FOREST MANAGEMENT AND HUSBANDRY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Бурганов  , Burganov Farit , Минниханов  , Minnikhanov Azat , Файзрахманов  , Fayzrakhmanov Dzhaudat , Назиров  , Nazirov Almaz
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, the forest policy in the field of forest management and husbandry in the Russian Federation is aimed at the possibility of wood realization, produced by different forest owners. The solution of this sharp problem in the Republic of Tatarstan is more associated with the launch of the plant in Elabuga for the production of resin-bonded chipboard, which served as a stimulus for action by the Ministry of Forestry, and it became necessary to make optimal computational wood-cutting area and placement volumes of storage for forest districts of Tatarstan. The article discusses: the structure of forest stands by groups of tree species and age groups of the Republic of Tatarstan as of 01.01.2016; the distribution of forest by age class; the allocation of forest areas of the the Republic of Tatarstan by dominant species in the period from 1940 to 2016.
LABOUR POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Шагивалиев  , Shagivaliev Lenar , Файзрахманов  , Fayzrakhmanov Dzhaudat
Published: August 2016

The article discusses the production potential of the agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan, analyzes the dynamics of agricultural organizations workers’ number. The age structure of managers is considered in order to study the qualitative characteristics of the labor force.
Concordium 2015: Strategic Uses of Evidence to Transform Delivery Systems
Authors: Holve Erin , Weiss Samantha
Published: August 2016

In September 2015 the EDM Forum hosted AcademyHealth’s newest national conference,
Concordium. The 11 papers featured in the eGEMs “Concordium 2015” special issue
successfully reflect the major themes and issues discussed at the meeting. Many of the
papers address informatics or methodological approaches to natural language processing
(NLP) or text analysis, which is indicative of the importance of analyzing text data to
gain insights into care coordination and patient-centered outcomes. Perspectives on the
tools and infrastructure requirements that are needed to build learning health systems
were also recurrent themes.
Public interest television and social responsibility: The search for the missing person in Indian television
Authors: Mini Darshana S.
Published: August 2016

This article maps the intricate ways televisual spaces build a sense of community and access to transnational networks of solidarity. Taking the programme Pravasalokam or ‘The World of Expatriates’ as a specific instance, this article tracks the imagination of ‘Gulf’ and the affective community who responds to such transnational television programmes. The show has been described as a ‘part-reality’ show on account of the fact that it hybridizes the formula for reality television by adding a component of investigative journalism. India has a substantial expatriate population in the Gulf countries, most from the state of Kerala. The show tracks down missing expatriate workers in the Gulf at the request of family members who have lost contact with them. Pravasalokam therefore acts surgically, as if to restore life to the previously geographically stable family. In effect, Pravasalokam, I argue, is a symptom of a larger condition of the transnational family, wherein the risk of disconnection always looms large despite the myriad possibilities of communication in the digital age.
Afterword: A public sphere turned inside out: A brief global history of Indian media
Authors: Rajagopal Arvind
Published: August 2016

Contra Marx and Engels, the growth of capitalism has not necessarily exposed the real conditions of life for the bourgeois and the proletariat. The expansion of communication has led to the projection of imagined communities more compelling than those of class interest. The bourgeois public sphere was a case in point, of course, but what happened when this framework for communicating capitalism was transplanted outside the West?

Effectively, in its transplantation to the non-west, the public sphere was turned inside out, I suggest. Secular tolerance, which was previously supposed to be upheld by the state, was rendered a private affair, while discrimination against minorities, and the celebration of religious identity became more common in public.
Indonesia’s digital television migration: Controlling multiplexing, tackling competition
Authors: Rahayu Titik Puji
Published: August 2016

Indonesia’s plan for digital TV migration was officially launched in 2011 by the enactment of several Ministerial Regulations. At the beginning of 2015, however, the project had not commenced. This article argues that the policies about multiplexing arrangements have been one of the major obstacles to the transition. Private broadcasting incumbents have been given considerable opportunity to win the ‘beauty contests’ to become multiplex operators. These private multiplex operators have delayed the leasing of their digital TV channels and set excessive rental prices for them as part of their strategies to tackle competition in the era of digital broadcasting. TVRI, the only non-private multiplex operator, faces political and bureaucratic problems and is not yet ready to provide multiplexing services. This study analyses Indonesia’s digital TV policies using data from semi-structured interviews and a review of relevant literature.
Private sports centers in Ankara task levels of job satisfaction of staff engaged in evaluation
Ankara’daki özel spor merkezlerinde çalışan personelin iş doyum düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Uyar Yalçın , Sunay Hakan
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study is to assess job satisfaction levels of the personnel that is working for private sports centers in Ankara. Approximately 700 personnel working for 45 private sports centers in Ankara having at least 400 members constitute universe of the research which is held according to descriptive research model. Also, 87 female (%50,6) and 85 male (%49,4) making total of 172 personnel composed work group of the research. As data collection tool, Balcı (1985) is used to define job satisfaction scale developed by the private sports center staff. Analysis of the data standard deviation, arithmetic means, that we look at the factor analysis and item-total correlations, analysis of variance to compare the differences between groups and t-test was used. In the safety study for overall Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated to be .945. As a result of the work of private sports center staff it has been shown to provide great satisfaction rate. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı,Ankara’daki özel spor merkezlerinde çalışan personelin iş doyum düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesidir.Betimsel ilişkisel tarama modeline uygun olarak düzenlenen araştırmanın evrenini,Ankara’da,en az 400 üyesi bulunan yaklaşık 45 özel spor merkezinde görev yapan yaklaşık 700 çalışan oluşturmaktadır.Çalışma grubunu ise,anılan  evren içerisinde tesadüfi yöntem ile seçilmiş Ankara ilindeki özel spor merkezlerinin değişik kademelerinde görev yapan 87 kadın(% 50,6),85 erkek(%49,4) olmak üzere toplam 172 kişi oluşturmaktadır.Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Balcı(1985)tarafından geliştirilen iş doyum ölçeği özel spor merkezi çalışanlarına uyarlanarak  kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde standart sapma, aritmetik ortalamalar, faktör analizi ve madde–toplam test korelasyonuna bakılmış, grup ortalamaları arasındaki farklılıkları karşılaştırmak için varyans analizi ve t-testi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin geneli için yapılan güvenilirlik çalışmasında Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .945 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak özel spor merkezi çalışanlarının işlerinden, büyük oranda doyum sağladıkları görülmüştür.
The flipped classes and educatıon ınformatıon network (EIN)
Ters yüz edilmiş sınıflar ve eğitim bilişim ağı (EBA)
Authors: Bolat Yavuz
Published: August 2016

Learner centered activities take an important place in modern learning approaches. These activities are both setting the student to work and increasing the teacher’s guiding properties in learning environment. Moreover the classes which have classically learning environment turn into training workshops. Reflection of technological improvements to education have an important place for being this approach is successful. In the reversed classes which have learner centered, there are accessorily used computer, printer, internet and internet based networks for providing students self-access. In Turkey, Education Information Network (EIN) which is developed by MEB contributes high for this issue to educators and students. But, there is a lack of knowledge in educators about filipped classrooms. And therefore, this research is that flipped classrooms and flipped learning on information while Education Information Network (EBA) provides location-based usage. This study is a qualitative research in education based on literature review. In this study was conducted literature review with the help of keywords. Sources achieved by this method was used to support the research and concluded. ÖzetModern öğrenme yaklaşımlarında öğrenen merkezli eğitim faaliyetleri önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu faaliyetler öğrenciyi aktif olarak işe koştuğu gibi öğretmenin öğrenme ortamındaki rehberlik etme özelliklerini artırmaktadır. Ayrıca klasik anlamda öğrenme ortamı olan sınıflar, eğitim atölyesine dönüşmektedir. Bu yaklaşımın başarılı olabilmesinde ise teknolojik gelişmelerin eğitim alanına yansımaları önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Öğrenen merkezli anlayışa sahip ters yüz edilmiş sınıflarda öğrencinin bireysel öğrenmesini sağlamak için; bilgisayar, yazıcı, internet ve internet tabanlı ağlar yardımcı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye’de MEB tarafından geliştirilen Eğitim Bilişim Ağı (EBA) bu konuda eğitimcilere ve öğrencilere önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Ancak ters yüz edilmiş sınıflar ve ters yüz öğrenme hakkında eğitimcilerde bir bilgi eksikliği bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu araştırma ters yüz öğrenme ve ters yüz sınıflar hakkında bilgi vermeyi amaçlarken ters yüz edilmiş sınıfların Eğitim Bilişim Ağı (EBA) tabanlı kullanımına yer vermektedir.  Literatür taramasına dayanan nitel bir eğitim araştırması olan bu çalışmada anahtar kelime yardımıyla literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Bu yöntemle ulaşılan kaynaklar, araştırmanın desteklenmesi ve sonuca ulaşmasında kullanılmıştır.
Flexible Designing of Large Sports Complex
Authors: Kośmieja M. , Pasławski J.
Published: August 2016

The article presents the ideas of flexible design in the construction sector. Flexibility in the construction sector was discussed and defined between typical and flexible approaches to design. The idea applied during the economic effectiveness analysis of construction projects was introduced. The issue of flexibility was discussed based on the example of construction of a sports facility - The National Stadium in Warsaw. An effectiveness analysis was applied for variant solutions.