bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of vaccination on the incidence of measles in Mozambique in the period 2000 to 2011
Authors: Muloliwa Artur Manuel , Camacho Luiz Antonio Bastos , Verani José Fernando Souza , Simões Taynãna César , Dgedge Martinho do Carmo
Published: March 2013

The aim of this study was to contribute to the better planning of measles elimination actions in Mozambique, by considering the impact of vaccination actions over the period 2000 to 2011. Descriptive and ecological studies and case records made available by the Ministry of Health were used to analyze measles vaccination coverage. Statistical analysis was performed using time series and spatial analysis. Vaccine coverage rates ranged from 82% to 99%. Coverage rates in Maputo city were under 70% and in Niassa province they were over 100%. Coverage showed a clustered pattern in the districts. The measles incidence rate was 1.58 per 100,000 inhabitants (0.00-40.08 per 100,000 inhabitants); districts bordering neighboring countries presented high incidence rates. Although measles morbidity and mortality has decreased in Mozambique, vaccine coverage has been insufficient to interrupt measles transmission. Enhanced surveillance, including investigation of cases and outbreaks, and improvements in measles vaccination are recommended in order to achieve a homogenous coverage rate of ≥ 95% for both routine and mass vaccination campaigns.
Prevalência de atividade física no lazer e fatores associados: estudo de base populacional em São Paulo, Brasil, 2008-2009
Authors: Sousa Clóvis Arlindo de , César Chester Luiz Galvão , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Carandina Luana , Goldbaum Moisés , Marchioni Dirce Maria Lobo , Fisberg Regina Mara
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à atividade física no lazer. Estudo transversal, de base populacional, utilizando-se os dados do Inquérito de Saúde no Município de São Paulo 2008 (ISA-Capital 2008), com 2.691 indivíduos de ambos os sexos e com 12 anos ou mais. As informações foram coletadas por entrevistas domiciliares e os participantes foram selecionados com base em amostragem probabilística por conglomerados em dois estágios. Para estimar atividade física no lazer foi utilizado o IPAQ, versão longa. Foram usados estatísticas descritivas, testes de associação pelo qui-quadrado, razões de prevalência e intervalos de 95% de confiança. Para análise ajustada foi realizada regressão múltipla de Poisson. Dos entrevistados, 16,4% referiram praticar atividade física suficiente no lazer. Os achados deste trabalho apontam a importância de incentivar a atividade física no lazer, associada ao sexo masculino, maior renda, idades mais jovens entre 12 e 29 anos, não uso do cigarro e referir não sentir-se cansado(a) frequentemente.
Evaluation of the risk for pressure ulcers in bedridden elderly at home
Authors: Moraes Geridice Lorna de Andrade , Araújo Thiago Moura de , Caetano Joselany Áfio , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Silva Maria Josefina da
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk for pressure ulcers in elderly in their homes, after a period of hospitalization. METHODS: A longitudinal prospective study conducted in the homes of 40 elderly identified with risk for pressure ulcer (PU) at hospital discharge, using the Braden Scale. The monitoring was conducted over four home visits, in the period between June and August of 2010, in Fortaleza (CE) and its metropolitan region. RESULTS: The majority of the elderly were female (65%) with a medical diagnosis of cerebral vascular accident (55%). In the first and second visits, 55% and 40% of the elderly, respectively, presented high risk for PU, and the incidence of PU was 22.5%. The association of the risk scores presented significant association in the first three visits. CONCLUSION: The risk for PU development was higher in the first two weeks, after hospital discharge, but diminished for the remainder of the visits.
Validation of a protocol to assist patients with intra-aortic balloon
Authors: Machado Regimar Carla , Guerra Grazia Maria , Branco João Nelson Rodrigues
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To develop a protocol of care for patients with Intra-Aortic Balloon and validate the content of this protocol. METHODS: Study of quantitative and descriptive approach. The methodology followed three steps: development of the instrument; content validity and reliability verification of the protocol for the analysis of agreement between specialists with greater experience. The study included 48 specialists, including physicians and nurses experienced in patient care in use of balloon. Items considered valid achieved at least 75% of consensus before the analysis of agreement between evaluators. RESULTS: We evaluated 36 items, of these, 20 were considered valid. The reliability was also verified, using consistency of the responses of more experienced evaluators. Among the items submitted to new statistical analysis by these evaluators, only two were considered valid. CONCLUSION: Based on the content validation, a protocol with 22 items concerning patient care without the use of intra-aortic balloon was developed.
At-home care : interactions between nurses and the elderly/family
Authors: Gago Esperança Alves , Lopes Manuel José
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To understand the interaction process between the elderly and the family and the nurses during home care. METHODS: Grounded theory qualitative study in a community where 40% of the population is aged 65 or above. The collection of data was made via the non-participating observation of nursing practice during 41 home visits and semi-structured interviews to nurses, the elderly and the family. RESULTS: the following categories emerged - structural organization of at-home care, diagnostic assessment in context and therapeutic intervention in context. CONCLUSION: the central category was "Building the relationship in an at-home context", due to the fact that the relationship between the nurse, the elderly and the family is central across the entire care process. The relation is, simultaneously, the context for all the care and a therapeutic instrument.
Assessment of functional capacity of the elderly associated with the risk for pressure ulcer
Authors: Aguiar Elizabeth Souza Silva de , Soares Maria Júlia Guimarães Oliveira , Caliri Maria Helena Larcher , Costa Marta Mirian Lopes , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the elderly with physical limitations; to assess functional capacity as it relates to physical mobility, cognitive status and level of functional independence in activities of daily living, and to relate functional capacity to the risk for pressure ulcers. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional approach, conducted in households in the city of João Pessoa (PB) with seniors who presented physical limitation. Fifty-one elderly were investigated in a two-stage cluster sampling design. RESULTS: There was evidence of impairments in functional capacity of the elderly aged 80 years or more, with more severe physical limitations, cognitive impairment and a higher level of dependency for activities. Significant differences were observed between the level of functional independence in performing activities of daily living and the risk of pressure ulcers. CONCLUSION: This study allowed for the identification of the elderly in functional decline and at risk for developing pressure ulcers, supporting the implementation of preventive actions at the household level.
Factors associated with nonadherence of tuberculosis treatment in the state of Paraná
Authors: Furlan Mara Cristina Ribeiro , Oliveira Simoni Pimenta de , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: To describe the profile of tuberculosis reported cases and analyze the factors associated with treatment nonadherence in the state of Parana. METHODS: Ecological study that presented the TB cases reported between 2006 and 2010, using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression, with significance level of 5%. RESULTS: During this period, 15,077 cases were reported, of which 84.2% were new cases. The majority of patients were male, skin color/ ethnicity white, and more than half were less than 40 years old with low education. Incidence rates and treatment nonadherence were higher than national rates. Less than half had directly observed therapy. Young, alcoholics, unemployed individuals with low education and previous treatment nonadherence were more likely not to adhere to treatment. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of these aspects can support a more effective strategy in combating tuberculosis treatment nonadherence.
Health literacy of older people in primary care
Authors: Paskulin Lisiane Manganelli Girardi , Bierhals Carla Cristiane Becker Kottwitz , Valer Daiany Borghetti , Aires Marinês , Guimarães Nara Veras , Brocker Anemarie Raymundo , Lanziotti Laís Haase , Morais Eliane Pinheiro de
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To analyze how elderly people linked to health education groups of a primary care unit seek, understand and share information, aiming to maintain and promote health throughout life. METHODS: Qualitative descriptive study, conducted with 30 elderlies linked to three groups of health education during the second semester of 2009. The data collection was performed through interviews and thematic analysis with the assistance of the NVivo software. RESULTS: Five categories of analysis were elaborated - Interest/concern in health, search, understanding, sharing and impact of information on the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: The health literacy in the groups developed in an individual perspective, focused on the prevention and treatment of injuries, respecting the history and knowledge of the subjects and appreciating the possibilities of exchange among them. The results support the planning, implementation and improvement of actions in health education with older people in primary care.
Being elderly with functional dependence and their family caregivers
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Maria Souza de , Pedreira Larissa Chaves
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To identify the authors` point of discussion on the elderly with functional dependence, correlating it with the ontological time discussed in Heidegger. METHODS: This is a bibliographic, systematic and qualitative study. Data was collected in the Scientific Electronic Library Online database. A total of 123 studies were identified, 15 studies were included considering the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Based on the semantic analysis of Bardin, the following categories of analysis were established: being caregiver for the elderly with functional dependence, being elderly with functional dependence, family dynamics. CONCLUSION: It was understood that factors related to the worldliness of these people as family relationships, support of formal and informal services, economic and social situation, among others, are part of the history of these people influencing their modes of being. Searching to understand these factors is important to promote the health of these people, thinking of the biological and existential care.
Acute and chronic pain: a narrative review of the literature
Authors: Sallum Ana Maria Calil , Garcia Dayse Maioli , Sanches Mariana
Published: March 2013

The study objectives were to identify the organic, emotional and psychic prevalent consequences in patients with acute and chronic pain and punctuate the main assessment tools for these pains. A narrative review of the literature was conducted using descriptors related to pain measurement, signs and symptoms, totalizing 184 articles. The electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS were searched from January 2000 to December 2010. The review pointed out a series of conclusive studies about the organic repercussions more frequent in acute and chronic pain conditions and the use of different rating scales for both situations. It is believed that these findings could be of great values for health teams, could contribute with a better practice and with customer satisfaction in the hospital scenario and at home.
Nursing diagnoses validated in cardiology in Brazil: integrative literature review
Authors: Lopes Camila Takáo , Carneiro Camila de Souza , Santos Vinicius Batista , Barros Alba Lúcia Bottura Leite de
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To identify nursing diagnoses (ND) currently appearing in the NANDA-I taxonomy, validated in the area of cardiology in Brazil. METHODS: An integrative literature review, guided by the following question: what nursing diagnoses were validated in Brazil? Eleven works were analyzed: three content validations and eight clinical validations. RESULTS: The NDs validated were: activity intolerance, decreased cardiac output, spiritual distress, deficient knowledge, excessive fluid volume, ineffective airway clearance, ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion, fear, anxiety, and pain. The highlights were the production of the graduate programs in public institutions, the validation of defining characteristics, models of validation and the modified Fehring criteria for selection of experts . The clinical validation model was used for NDs of the psychobiological sphere; the content validation model was used mainly for NDs in the psychosocial and psychospiritual spheres. CONCLUSION: The knowledge produced can provide a basis for future studies on the relevance of the content of nursing outcomes in the evaluation of the effectiveness of nursing interventions in the country.
The representations of human vulnerability held by health workers - development and validation of a scale
Authors: Almeida Carlos Manuel Torres , Rodrigues Vitor Manuel Costa Pereira , Escola Joaquim José Jacinto
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: This study's objective consisted of the construction and validation of a scale to identify the representation of human vulnerability in the health field. METHOD: its development was divided into three steps: a bibliographic review and exploratory interviews were conducted to establish the items and their subsequent aggregation into dimensions; evaluation by an expert committee; and pre-test. The scale's psychometric properties were evaluated based on its application to a sample of individuals (nurses, physicians, and senior nursing and medical undergraduate students). Validity, reliability, and internal consistency tests were performed. RESULTS: the scale obtained consists of four dimensions (knowledge of intrinsic vulnerability, knowledge of extrinsic vulnerability, experience of vulnerability, and perception of vulnerability in patients). The scale presents good internal consistency with high Cronbach's alpha coefficient values. CONCLUSION: The Representation of Human Vulnerability in Health Workers Scale is easy to apply and presents reliable psychometric properties. It is an innovative tool that can be used in the development of studies addressing human vulnerability.
Effectiveness of 10% povidone-iodine drying time before Peripheral Intravascular Catheter insertion: preliminary results from an explorative quasi-experimental study
Authors: Palese Alvisa , Cescon Federica
Published: March 2013

AIM: to investigate the effectiveness of 10% povidone-iodine after a 30-second or 2-minute drying time on microbial count reduction at the point of a Peripheral Intravascular Catheter (PIC) insertion. A quasi-experimental design was adopted. In total, 53 patients were enrolled, 25 were exposed to a 2-m drying time and 28 to a 30-s drying time. From the preliminary results of this study, no differences in the occurrence of contamination have emerged between patients receiving 30-s and 2-m drying time for 10% povidone-iodine solutions.
Evaluation of elderly persons' functionality and care needs
Authors: Lopes Manuel José , Escoval Ana , Pereira Dulce Gamito , Pereira Carla Sandra , Carvalho Catarina , Fonseca César
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the elderly persons' functionality, based on the International Classification of Functionality. METHODS: a cross-sectional, descriptive study; a stratified random sample of 903 elderly persons; a confidence level of 95%; and a margin of error of 2.5%. Questionnaire based on the International Classification of Functionality; data was collected based on structured interviews undertaken by health professionals in the health centers in the Alentejo region of Portugal. RESULTS: 30.7% of the elderly persons stated that they were illiterate, and 22.9% lived alone. Feeding/dietary (18.7%), housing (19.2%) and health needs (26.0%) were not met. Orientation functions were maintained in 83.4%; 58% of the elderly persons referred to pain so intense that it required care; 73.3% of the elderly persons did not have functional dentition. Levels of performance were superior to 80% in the participation activities: washing oneself (82.6%), toileting (92.2%), dressing, eating, and drinking (89%). CONCLUSION: although a progressive decline in functionality is observed as age advances, the majority of dimensions are preserved until around 75 years of age.
Ethics constructed through the process of nurse training: conceptions, spaces and strategies
Authors: Ramos Flávia Regina de Souza , Brehmer Laura Cavalcanti de Farias , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Schneider Dulcinéia Ghizoni , Drago Laila Crespo
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: to discuss the professors' conceptions about the ethical dimension of nurse training based on the relationships which this establishes with the competencies with the professional profile; and to identify the spaces and strategies for the teaching of ethics in this process. METHOD: A qualitative study delineated as a case study. The data was collected based on focus groups with professors from six undergraduate nursing courses in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, totaling 50 subjects. Based on the professors' discourse, the conceptions and mutual relations between professional competencies, the formative process and ethics were analyzed. RESULTS: The results were organized and the discussion explored through the thematic categories: The ethics constructed in the process of training nurses - the professors' conceptions, and spaces and strategies for the teaching of ethics in nurse training. CONCLUSIONS: The issue of ethics was shown to be transversal in the formative process. The study evidenced the challenge of creating spaces and strategies for teaching and fosters discussion about the new demands for changes placed upon the nursing schools, about the suitability of the care setting, and about the exercising of critical and problem-based education.
Individualized teaching programming for a virtual learning environment: development of content concerning nursing records
Authors: Nagliate Patrícia de Carvalho , Rocha Elyrose Sousa Brito , Godoy Simone de , Mazzo Alessandra , Trevizan Maria Auxiliadora , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: Describe the planning of contents on nursing records for use in a virtual learning environment, based on Individualized Teaching Programming, a didactic resource that uses basic principles of behavioral analysis. METHOD: Final objectives were specified, after defining the intermediary components to achieve each final objective, as well as the preliminary requirements for each intermediary component. At the end of this process, teaching activities were planned and organized in steps the students need to develop. RESULTS: By breaking up the contents into behaviors, seven action categories emerged: impartiality, organization, honesty, objectiveness, coherence, readability and discernment. CONCLUSION: the use of Individualized Teaching Programming as a didactic resource to plan contents on nursing records is feasible to identify the units and modules for the development of a course in a virtual learning environment for nursing professionals.
Secondary Health Care: best practices in the health services network
Authors: Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Andrade Selma Regina de , Mello Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira de , Drago Livia Crespo
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: to understand the organization of health practices, based on the interactions at the secondary care level, and to analyze how the actions and services at this level of care contribute to the development of best practice in health. METHOD: a qualitative approach, based in Grounded Theory. Data was obtained from individual interviews, with managers, health care professionals and health service users making up the sample group representing the secondary level of healthcare. The theoretical model was formulated based on four categories, analyzed based in the elements of the network modeling of health care theoretical framework. RESULTS: The organization of health practices at a secondary level is in the process of consolidation and is contributing to the development of best practices in the locale studied. CONCLUSION: The broadening of access to consultations and specialized procedures, and the articulation of the network's points, are aspects of this level of care which are considered essential for care which is effective and integral. This study contributes to the analysis of health practices from the perspective of network modeling, based on the interactions between secondary care and the health system's other health facilities, which are shown as going through a process of consolidation in the locale studied.
Early diagnosis of tuberculosis in the health services in different regions of Brazil
Authors: Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena , Ponce Maria Amélia Zanon , Wysocki Anneliese Domingues , Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula , Arakawa Tiemi , Scatolin Beatriz Estuque , Brunello Maria Eugenia Firmino , Beraldo Aline Ale , Scatena Lucia Marina , Monroe Aline Aparecida , Sobrinho Reinaldo Antonio da Silva , Sá Lenilde Duarte de , Nogueira Jordana de Almeida , Assis Marluce Maria de Araújo , Cardozo-Gonzales Roxana Isabel , Palha Pedro Fredemir
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the infected person's first contact with the health services, for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in different regions of Brazil. METHOD: a cross-sectional study undertaken in 6 municipalities in the South-east, South and North-east regions of Brazil. Data collection involved secondary sources and interviews with the patients. The data was analyzed using descriptive techniques and multiple correspondence factor analysis. RESULTS: Primary Health Care (PHC) presented the longest time to diagnosis and the lowest proportion of diagnoses. The services associated with diagnosis in the first consultation were the specialized services and the Tuberculosis Control Programs, which offer consultations and tests on-site. CONCLUSION: For the control of TB, it is necessary to organize the work in an integrated way between the different services' teams. In Primary Health Care, it is also necessary to observe the extent of incorporation and sustainability in the implementation of these actions into the health services' daily practice.
Conceptual framework for research and clinical practice concerning cardiovascular health-related behaviors
Authors: Gallani Maria Cecília Bueno Jayme , Cornélio Marilia Estevam , Agondi Rúbia de Freitas , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To present a conceptual framework based on the PRECEDE model conceived to guide research and the clinical practice of nurses in the clinical follow-up of patients with cardiovascular diseases. METHOD: The conceptual bases as well as the study designs used in the framework are discussed. The contextualization of the proposed structure is presented in the clinical follow-up of hypertensive patients. Examples of the intervention planning steps according to the intervention mapping protocol are provided. RESULTS: This conceptual framework coherently and rationally guided the diagnostic steps related to excessive salt intake among hypertensive individuals, as well as the development and assessment of specific interventions designed to change this eating behavior. CONCLUSION: The use of this conceptual framework enables a greater understanding of health-related behaviors implied in the development and progression of cardiovascular risk factors and is useful in proposing nursing interventions with a greater chance of success. This model is a feasible strategy to improve the cardiovascular health of patients cared for by the Brazilian Unified Health System.
Transition of care for the elderly after cerebrovascular accidents - from hospital to the home
Authors: Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida Partezani , Marques Sueli , Kusumota Luciana , Santos Emanuella Barros dos , Fhon Jack Roberto da Silva , Fabrício-Wehbe Suzele Cristina Coelho
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: to examine the transition of care in families caring for elderly persons who suffered the first episode of a cerebrovascular accident. METHODOLOGY: an instrumental ethnographic case study was used. The sample comprised 20 subjects: 10 caregivers and 10 elderly persons aged 65 or over, of both sexes, with diagnoses of first episode of cerebrovascular accident, capable of communicating, and requiring care from a main carer in their family. The data was collected through interviews, observation, existing documentation and field notes. Qualitative analysis techniques were used to codify and classify the data and to formulate significant categories, which generated typologies of care. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The central idea was the Transition of Care and showed the context in three typologies: The care process for the dependent elderly person, Strategies for the care process and Impact and acceptance of the limitations. CONCLUSION: The data indicates that caring for an elderly person after a cerebrovascular accident is a challenge for the family. The data permitted it possible to elaborate a proposal for a model for the organization of the work, with a view to holistic care delivery in the health services, forming a care network, which constitutes an advance for the area of nursing.
Nursing workload in the emergency department: a methodological proposal
Authors: Rossetti Ana Cristina , Gaidzinski Raquel Rapone , Fugulin Fernanda Maria Togeiro
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to propose a methodology for identifying the nursing workload in the Emergency Department (ED). METHODS: this is methodological research, undertaken in a public general hospital in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil, in the areas: triage, shock room, emergency room, suturing room, and medication/procedures for adult and pediatric patients rooms, using different strategies and instruments. Due to the characteristics of the data collection, distinct samples were obtained in each of the areas. RESULTS: The average daily workload, in hours, corresponded to: triage 48; shock room 30.9; emergency 170.6; observation of adult patients 293.6; observation of pediatric patients 108.7; medication/procedures in adult patients 175.5; medication/procedures in pediatric patients 60.4; and suturing 7.9. CONCLUSION: The instruments used for data collection were shown to be appropriate and made it possible to construct a methodological proposal for identification of workload of nursing professionals in E.D. in a general public hospital.
Prospective risk analysis of the anti-infective medication administration process
Authors: Silva Ana Elisa Bauer de Camargo , Cassiani Silvia Helena De Bortoli
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the potential risks involved in the administration process of intravenous anti-infective medication at a medical clinic, using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. METHOD: This exploratory study was conducted at the medical clinic of a hospital in the State of Goiás. For data collection we convened a team comprised of six professionals involved in medication treatment: a doctor, nurse, nursing technician, pharmacist, a nursing and a risk manager. A total of 24 meetings were held, for a total of 56 hours. The data were transcribed into an electronic database within Microsoft Excel®, and the Xfmea4 software was used. RESULT: The results indicated 52 failure modes, 79 effects of failure, and 285 causes of failure. The causes were related to: the management of organizational processes, human resources, physical and material structure. A total of 298 actions for improvement were recommended for 215 causes of high and average priority, 81.9% of which were short-term priorities. The simulation of the impact of the proposed interventions revealed a 79.7% reduction of the high-priority failure modes. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the study identified potential risks to patients and recommended proactive actions, of rapid application and low cost, evaluated positively in the reduction of risk of occurrence of avoidable incidents, increasing reliability and safety of the medication administration process. Studies like this demonstrate that, with the application of a method of risk analysis, nurses can effectively assist in preventing medication incidents.
Waste management in non-hospital emergency units
Authors: Pereira Milca Severino , Alves Sergiane Bisinoto , Souza Adenicia Custódia Silva e , Tipple Anaclara Ferreira Veiga , Rezende Fabiana Ribeiro de , Rodrigues Érika Goulart
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: to analyze waste management in urgency and emergency non-hospital health care service units. METHOD: Epidemiological cross-sectional study undertaken at three Non-Hospital Emergency Units. The data were collected using systematic observation, registered daily in a spreadsheet and checklist, and analyzed through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: the generation of waste varied from 0.087 to 0.138 kg per patient per day. Waste management showed inadequacies in all stages, especially in the separation stage. Infectious waste was found together with common waste, preventing recycling, and piercing and cutting objects were mixed with waste from different groups, increasing the risk of occupational accidents. CONCLUSION: the study reveals the lack of an institutional waste management policy, as demonstrated by the failure of operational stages, involving problems related to management, physical structure, material and human resources at the units. This is relevant for health care units, considering the quality of patient care and its interface with sustainability.
Influência de parâmetros de processo na obtenção de bebida fermento-destilada de uva-japão (Hovenia dulcis Thunberg)
Authors: Cancelier Adriano , Capeletto Catia , Pereira Beatriz Alves , Todescato Diego , Costelli Murilo Cesar , Silva Adriano da , Lopes Toni Jefferson
Published: March 2013

Neste trabalho, foi realizado um estudo para avaliar as principais variáveis de processo na produção de uma bebida fermento-destilada a partir do pseudofruto da uva-japão (Hovenia dulcis Thunberg). Foram avaliados os efeitos da temperatura, do tempo de fermentação e da adição de micronutrientes (Mn+2 e K+) sobre a graduação alcoólica, além do pH e dos teores de ésteres presentes nas amostras. A partir dos resultados experimentais obtidos, constatou-se que o pH (pH médio da fração "coração" 5,35) da bebida fermento-destilada a partir da uva-japão não é afetado pelos fatores testados. Para a graduação alcoólica e a concentração de ésteres (2,81 ± 3,13 mg.100mL-1) presentes na fração "coração" da bebida produzida, os fatores mais significativos foram a temperatura e a concentração de Mn+2. A uva-japão se mostrou uma alternativa viável para a produção de uma bebida fermento-destilada ou como matéria-prima para a produção de bioálcool para usos diversos (95 a 100 GL).
"Alarme de incêndio": Michael Löwy e a crítica ecossocialista da civilização capitalista moderna
Authors: Querido Fabio Mascaro
Published: March 2013

A emergência da crise ecológica, como sintoma mais nítido de uma verdadeira crise civilizató-ria, impôs novos desafios ao pensamento crítico e, em especial, ao marxismo. Partindo desse pressuposto, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a defesa de Michael Löwy de uma radicalização ecossocialista da crítica marxista da modernidade, tarefa para a qual a grande recusa de Walter Benjamin das ideologias do pro- gresso é uma das fontes decisivas de inspiração. Para Michael Löwy, a ruptura com as ideologias do progresso e com o paradigma civilizatório capitalista moderno é uma condição indispensável para a atua-lização ecossocialista do marxismo.
Modos de agir de textos didáticos de ciências: discutindo o tema saúde e ambiente
Authors: Pinhão Francine , Martins Isabel
Published: March 2013

Neste artigo, investiga-se a temática saúde e ambiente em uma coleção didática de ciências para o Ensino Fundamental com base no referencial teórico metodológico da análise crítica do discurso. Com a finalidade de pesquisar o significado acional do texto, foram utilizados os conceitos de gênero e pré-gênero, por meio dos quais identificaram-se três principais grupos de estruturas genéricas: descritivos, explicativos e narrativos. A análise dessas estruturas indica modos de agir disciplinadores de identidades sociais, relações sociais e sistemas de conhecimento e crença.
Visão de profissionais e estudantes da área de saúde sobre a interface saúde e meio ambiente
Authors: Camponogara Silviamar , Viero Cibele Mello , Erthal Graciele , Diaz Paola da Silva , Rossato Gabriela Camponogara , Soares Sabrina de Aguiar , Peres Roger Rodrigues
Published: March 2013

Este artigo apresenta a visão de profissionais e estudantes da área da saúde sobre a interface saúde e meio ambiente. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo, desenvolvidos com diferentes atores sociais que integram o processo de formação profissional e laboral da área da saúde em um município do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com questões norteadoras sobre o objeto de estudo, feita com trabalhadores hospitalares, enfermeiros, docentes, acadêmicos da área da saúde e agentes comunitários de saúde. Cada subprojeto foi analisado individualmente, com base no referencial sobre análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciam que os sujeitos possuem visões dicotômicas sobre meio ambiente e reconhecem os efeitos prejudiciais da atual crise ambiental, alegando que o ser humano é o principal causador. Os sujeitos do estudo entendem que há estreita interface entre saúde e meio ambiente, sendo as populações menos privilegiadas economicamente as mais afetadas pelos danos ambientais. Conclui-se que o aprofundamento do debate sobre o tema no processo de formação e prática profissional em saúde é fundamental no sentido de se buscar a efetiva responsabilidade socioambiental por parte dos atores sociais atuantes no setor.
Agente comunitário de saúde: questões ambientais e promoção da saúde em comunidades ribeirinhas
Authors: Silva Natiane Carvalho , Andrade Cristina Setenta
Published: March 2013

No presente artigo, discutem-se as concepções de saúde e ambiente de agentes comunitários de saúde (ACSs) atuantes em duas comunidades ribeirinhas do eixo Ilhéus-Itabuna, sul da Bahia, Brasil, e suas atividades de promoção da saúde voltadas para o ambiente. Foram analisadas entrevistas semiestruturadas de 14 ACSs, tratadas com a técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo proposta por Lefèvre e Lefèvre (2005). Nos discursos, os ACSs revelaram uma concepção ampla de saúde (qualidade de vida e direito) e relacionaram o ambiente ao território, embora o concebam como lugar onde as pessoas vivem. Também fazem relação entre saúde e melhorias no ambiente, e apesar de viverem e trabalharem em um território com problemas ambientais graves, suas atividades voltadas para o ambiente são pontuais e de conduta individual. Nessa perspectiva, reorientando o processo de trabalho, os ACSs indicam a capacidade de criar novas formas de relação entre ambiente e saúde. Potencializar esses atores que vivem na cena da tensão dos vários territórios em que transitam, valorizando seus saberes e sua vivência do(no) ambiente onde moram ou trabalham, pode ser o primeiro passo na direção da mudança, com a reorientação das práticas sanitárias e do modelo assistencial.
Nanotecnología: gestión y reglamentación de riesgos para la salud y medio ambiente en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Foladori Guillermo , Bejarano Fernando , Invernizzi Noela
Published: March 2013

Este artículo analiza la discusión sobre los riesgos de las nanopartículas manufacturadas llevada a cabo en las reuniones regionales de América Latina y el Caribe del SAICM (Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management/Enfoque Estratégico para la Gestión de Productos Químicos a Nivel Internacional). Contextualiza esta discusión con un panorama del desarrollo de las nanotecnologías en la región y de las evidencias científicas disponibles sobre riesgos de las nanotecnologías. Propone un abordaje para identificar a los actores que deben participar en la discusión y gestión del riesgo basado en el ciclo de vida de las nanopartículas. El artículo propone, además, algunas condiciones necesarias para incentivar un desarrollo responsable de las nanotecnologías desde ámbitos como el SAICM, y trae a la discusión los ocho puntos relevados por más de cien organizaciones ambientalistas y de trabajadores acerca de la supervisión de las nanotecnologías y los nanomateriales.
Desenvolvimento local - ou sobre exegeses ideológicas, lutas hegemônicas e descaminhos societários
Authors: Natal Jorge Luiz Alves
Published: March 2013

Este artigo examina a natureza e as implicações do chamado Desenvolvimento Local (DL). Para tal, tendo em vista o também chamado Desenvolvimento Econômico (DE), bem como as transformações estruturais operadas no capitalismo contemporâneo, ele dialoga com temas como "Estruturas produtivas e seus espaços", "Estado e práxis escalares", mostrando a apropriação procedida pelos liberais acerca deles, toda ela orientada para a afirmação de uma dada perspectiva - com pretensões hegemônicas -, a saber: a da inexistência de caminhos societários de desenvolvimento alternativos ao DL. O autor defende ainda que a proclamada modéstia dos partidários do DL não resiste à análise mais séria, nem tampouco seu também proclamado caráter progressista, posto ser essa práxis ora ressurgida, ao fim e ao cabo, uma das faces da hodierna internacionalização do capital. O autor, ainda, igualmente defende que o DE também se afirmou historicamente com as mesmas pretensões exegéticas e hegemônicas, conquanto dos delistas receba tantas e tamanhas críticas mais por suas virtudes que propriamente pelos seus defeitos. Por fim, provocativamente, pergunta se não seria o velho desenvolvimentismo a resistência possível (e não o DL) ou se não seria o caso de se voltar a invocar alguma alternativa verdadeiramente insurgente (?).
A reinvenção da sociologia da modernização: Luiz Costa Pinto e Florestan Fernandes (1950-1970)
Authors: Brasil Jr. Antonio
Published: March 2013

Neste artigo, procura-se divisar o potencial teórico inscrito nas contribuições de dois sociólogos brasileiros à sociologia do desenvolvimento dos anos 1950-1970: Luiz Costa Pinto e Florestan Fernandes. Para tal, observa-se, a partir de três eixos, o sentido inovador de suas formulações em contraste com a sociologia da modernização norte-americana, àquela altura hegemônica: (a) suas concepções da prática sociológica, bem como de suas especificidades num contexto periférico; (b) suas visões sobre a dinâmica da mudança social no Brasil, tal qual forjadas em suas pesquisas sobre as relações entre brancos e negros; (c) e em suas sínteses teóricas dos anos 1960-70.
Platform for dynamic tests: preliminary studies, design and construction
Authors: Campuzano J. E. , Castro R. de , Ávila S. , Doz G.
Published: March 2013

This paper is about the design and construction of a platform for dynamic tests especially with people jumping, walking, etc. Initially it was tried to find out projects already implemented in platforms and dynamic tests and to study the loads produced by movement of people on slabs and the structural response to these loads. The limits established by different standards have been also studied for these dynamic responses, taking into account the ultimate limit state, as well as the structure in service, since the human body is very sensitive to structural vibrations. Parametric studies were performed considering various configurations of slabs (different spans, thicknesses and conditions of support) have been done, looking for a configuration that could have natural frequency close to the frequencies of the human loads. The slab should have dimensions compatible with the available physical space, fundamental frequency below 5 Hz and maximum immediate deflection compatible with the indications of the Brazilian standard NBR6118: 2007. Based on these criteria was chosen a rectangular structure consists of a solid reinforced concrete rectangular slab studded in two opposite edges of steel beams with shear connectors type U. The other two edges are free. The steel beams supporting the slab, in turn, are supported on eight metal profiles (two in each corner of the slab) that are supported on two to two short columns of steel profile H. Profiles U in steel are welded to four columns, forming a horizontal frame. Numerical analysis of the dynamic test platform have been performed for free and forced vibration, for obtaining the natural frequencies and corresponding vibration modes, considering the self-weight of the structure and the load that simulates people's weight. After obtaining a structural configuration that fulfilled the stipulated requirements, the design of the slab taking into account the recommendations of the Brazilian standard NBR6118: 2007. The platform was built and has been done a preliminary experimental study to obtain the first natural frequencies.
Considerations about the determination of γz coefficient
Authors: Oliveira D. M. , Silva N. A. , Bremer C. F. , Inoue H.
Published: March 2013

In this work, the γz coefficient, used to evaluate final second order effects in reinforced concrete structures, is studied. At the start, the influence of the structural model in determination of γz coefficient is evaluated. Next, a comparative analysis of γz and B2 coefficient, usually employed to evaluate second order effects in steel structures, is performed. In order to develop the study, several reinforced concrete buildings of medium height are analysed using ANSYS-9.0 [1] software. The results show that simplified analysis provide more conservative values of γz. It means that, for structures analysed by simplified models, large values of γz don't imply, necessarily, in significant second order effects. Furthermore, it was checked that γz can be determinated from B2 coefficients of each storey of the structures and that, for all the analysed buildings, the average values of the B2 coefficients are similar to γz.
Numerical-computational analysis of reinforced concrete structures considering the damage, fracture and failure criterion
Authors: Souza L. A. F. de , Machado R. D.
Published: March 2013

The experimental results of testing structures or structural parts are limited and, sometimes, difficult to interpret. Thus, the development of mathematical-numerical models is needed to complement the experimental analysis and allow the generalization of results for different structures and types of loading. This article makes two computational studies of reinforced concrete structures problems found in the literature, using the Finite Element Method. In these analyses, the concrete is simulated with the damage classical model proposed by Mazars and the steel by a bilinear elastoplastic constitutive model. Numerical results show the validity of the application of constitutive models which consider the coupling of theories with the technique of finite element discretization in the simulation of linear and two-dimensional reinforced concrete structures.
Do discurso monológico da consciência aos gêneros do discurso
Authors: Furlanetto Maria Marta
Published: March 2013

Neste trabalho procuro traçar um painel para contextualizar a importância epistemológica da concepção dialógica e da concepção estendida de gêneros do discurso em Bakhtin e suas implicações e consequências para a vida comunitária, com ênfase para a ética. O painel se desdobra para a apresentação de um nicho em que os gêneros do discurso funcionam como uma unidade de conhecimento que só faz sentido como prática social. A partir daí algumas implicações são apontadas com relação à relevância deles em nossos atos cotidianos, com ênfase para os de caráter profissional, com base na análise e reflexão sobre experiências de sucesso e de fracasso, consideradas as categorias pragmáticas da arquitetônica de Bakhtin.
Gêneros textuais e letramento
Authors: Oliveira Maria do Socorro
Published: March 2013

Neste painel, discutimos a relação 'letramento' e 'gênero textual', considerando a rica complexidade que envolve não apenas esses objetos teóricos mas também a sua aplicação no domínio pedagógico, particularmente no que diz respeito ao ensino-aprendizagem de língua materna. Vincularemos a discussão a nossa experiência de ensino, pesquisa e extensão desenvolvida em programas de formação de professores, voltados para a mobilização de práticas transdisciplinares de natureza colaborativa e fortalecedora da ação docente. Nessa direção, indicamos os projetos de letramento como uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento de um trabalho contextualizado com os gêneros textuais.
Gênero textual exposição oral na educação de jovens e adultos
Authors: Baltar Marcos Antônio Rocha , Costa Denise Ribas da
Published: March 2013

Este artigo apresenta resultados do trabalho com o gênero textual Exposição Oral (EO) em uma turma da modalidade EJA - Ensino Médio de uma escola pública da cidade de Caxias do Sul. O propósito deste trabalho é auxiliar estudantes a ampliar seu repertório de gêneros de textos orais e subsidiar os professores a elaborar um trabalho didático-pedagógico sistematizado, sequência didática (SD), para a apropriação do gênero exposição oral. Também inserimos a exposição oral no conjunto de gêneros que podem ser trabalhados na implantação/implementação de uma rádio escolar, proporcionando um desempenho satisfatório nesse ambiente discursivo. Este estudo integra a pesquisa-ação Mídias e escola: letramentos e gêneros textuais e utiliza os dispositivos de problematização, ação, reflexão, ação, transformação.
A multimodalidade na literatura infantil e a formação de professores leitores
Authors: Belmiro Celia Abicalil
Published: March 2013

Este trabalho apresenta uma parte dos resultados de pesquisa de doutorado sobre relações entre imagens e textos verbais em livros de literatura infantil, e suas contribuições para a formação docente. São sinalizados diferentes recursos discursivos encontrados em imagens e textos em livros de literatura infantil para a construção das dimensões narrativa e descritiva. O conceito bakhtiniano de estilo estrutura e unifica os enunciados produzidos pelo enunciador e indica o resultado de uma visão de mundo. Nas obras analisadas, a relação imagem e texto verbal apresenta dois recursos fundamentais: a enunciação, que introduz a força do narrador na orientação de leitura, e a intertextualidade, como expediente para atualização do enredo. Essa metodologia recupera experiências de leitura dos professores e indica a importância dos aspectos da multimodalidade para a formação da competência leitora do professor.
Nineteenth-century technical innovations in British country houses and their estates
Authors: Palmer Marilyn , West Ian
Published: March 2013

The country house was the dominant feature of life in most parts of rural Britain until the early twentieth century, providing the economic and social focus for the whole community. From the late eighteenth century, owners were increasingly motivated to design or upgrade their houses to provide increased comfort for themselves and their guests, and to improve the efficiency of the house's operation. This goal was facilitated by a wide range of new types of domestic technology, which had a profound effect on the lives of the people who lived and worked in these houses. The paper presents some findings of a research project based at the University of Leicester, studying the factors influencing the adoption of new technology in country houses and its impact on the inhabitants. The conclusions are helping to inform changes in the way that country houses are presented to the visiting public.