bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive-perceptual deficits and symptom correlates in first-episode schizophrenia
Authors: Olivier Riaan M. , Kilian Sanja , Chiliza Bonginkosi , Asmal Laila , Oosthuizen Petrus P. , Emsley Robin , Kidd Martin
Published: August 2017

Background: Thought disorder and visual-perceptual deficits have been well documented, but their relationships with clinical symptoms and cognitive function remain unclear. Cognitive-perceptual deficits may underscore clinical symptoms in schizophrenia patients.Aim: This study aimed to explore how thought disorder and form perception are related with clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenia.Setting: Forty-two patients with a first-episode of schizophrenia, schizophreniform or schizoaffective disorder were recruited from community clinics and state hospitals in the Cape Town area.Methods: Patients were assessed at baseline with the Rorschach Perceptual Thinking Index (PTI), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery (MCCB). Spearman correlational analyses were conducted to investigate relationships between PTI scores, PANSS factor analysis-derived domain scores and MCCB composite and subscale scores. Multiple regression models explored these relationships further.Results: Unexpectedly, poor form perception (X- %) was inversely correlated with the severity of PANSS positive symptoms (r = -0.42, p = 0.02). Good form perception (XA%) correlated significantly with speed of processing (r = 0.59, p < 0.01), working memory (r = 0.48, p < 0.01) and visual learning (r = 0.55, p < 0.01). PTI measures of thought disorder did not correlate significantly with PANSS symptom scores or cognitive performance.Conclusions: Form perception is associated with positive symptoms and impairment in executive function during acute psychosis. These findings suggest that there may be clinical value in including sensory-perceptual processing tasks in cognitive remediation and social cognitive training programmes for schizophrenia patients.
Novel use of levodopa in human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy-mediated parkinsonism in an adult
Authors: Devine MF , Herrin C , Warnack W , Dubey D
Published: August 2017

We report a case of a 36-year-old man with a medical history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who presented with hypomimia, hypophonia, bradykinesia, rigidity, and freezing of gait. His clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging were consistent with HIV encephalopathy with involvement of the bilateral basal ganglia and diffuse leukoencephalopathy. We initiated a trial of carbidopa-levodopa. The dose was escalated to 1050 mg levodopa daily. Amantadine was also started. The patient was closely monitored for behavioral, neurological, or systemic side effects. He tolerated therapy well without adverse effects. The patient's neurological status significantly improved with levodopa, including hypomimia, hypophonia, bradykinesia, and fluidity of gait. This case demonstrates that carbidopa-levodopa can be safely utilized to manage parkinsonism in an adult patient with HIV encephalopathy.
The Allan Burns mummies
Authors: Lee J , Štrkalj G
Published: August 2017

Acquiring adequate resources for anatomy education has represented a challenge throughout the discipline's long history. A significant number of collections housed in anatomy departments contain human tissue of unknown provenance with some obtained in morally dubious ways. This paper outlines the history and future prospects of one such anatomical assemblage – the Burns Anatomical Collection, currently housed at the University of Maryland (UM). The collection originally contained more than 1000 anatomically prepared mummified human remains. They were produced by the renowned Scottish anatomist Allan Burns in Glasgow in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The prepared cadavers became a commodity and after Burns’ death, were acquired by his pupil Granville Pattison, who later sold them to the UM. While the origin of these human remains is unknown, historical data suggests that most of the cadavers for the collection were obtained through grave robbing. While intensely used in anatomy teaching in the nineteenth century, specimens from the collection should now be treated primarily as historical artifacts, appropriate only for teaching medical history and ethics. Other perspectives may include repatriating and reburying the human remains and providing a memorial service. Most importantly, this collection and others similar to it should initiate dialog and reflection on the ethical aspects of the past and present medical practice.
Fire-regime variability impacts forest carbon dynamics for centuries to millennia
Authors: Hudiburg Tara W. , Higuera Philip E. , Hicke Jeffrey A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Wildfire is a dominant disturbance agent in forest ecosystems, shaping important biogeochemical processes including net carbon (C) balance. Long-term monitoring and chronosequence studies highlight a resilience of biogeochemical properties to large, stand-replacing, high-severity fire events. In contrast, the consequences of repeated fires or temporal variability in a fire regime (e.g., the characteristic timing or severity of fire) are largely unknown, yet theory suggests that such variability could strongly influence forest C trajectories (i.e., future states or directions) for millennia. Here we combine a 4500-year paleoecological record of fire activity with ecosystem modeling to investigate how fire-regime variability impacts soil C and net ecosystem carbon balance. We found that C trajectories in a paleo-informed scenario differed significantly from an equilibrium scenario (with a constant fire return interval), largely due to variability in the timing and severity of past fires. Paleo-informed scenarios contained multi-century periods of positive and negative net ecosystem C balance, with magnitudes significantly larger than observed under the equilibrium scenario. Further, this variability created legacies in soil C trajectories that lasted for millennia. Our results imply that fire-regime variability is a major driver of C trajectories in stand-replacing fire regimes. Predicting carbon balance in these systems, therefore, will depend strongly on the ability of ecosystem models to represent a realistic range of fire-regime variability over the past several centuries to millennia.
LOW-ALTITUDE LONG-ENDURANCE SOLAR UNMANNED PLANE FOR FOREST FIRE PREVENTION: APPLICATION TO THE NATURAL PARK OF SERRA DO XURES (SPAIN)
Authors: González-Jorge H. , Bueno M. , Martínez-Sánchez J. , Arias P.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Unamnned aerial systems (UAS) show great potential in operations related to surveillance. These systems can be successfully applied to the prevention of forest fires, especially those caused by human intervention. The present works focuses on a study of the operational possibilities of the unmanned system “AtlantikSolar” developed by the ETH Zurich for the prevention of forest fires in the Spanish natural park of Serra do Xurés, an area of 20,920 ha with height variations between 300 m and 1,500 m. The operation evaluation of AtlantikSolar is based on the use of Flir Tau 2 LWIR camera as imaging payload which could detect illegal activities in the forest, such as bonfires, uncontrolled burning or pyromaniacs. Flight surveillance is planned for an altitude of 100 m to obey the legal limit of the Spanish UAS regulation. This altitude produces a swath width of 346.4 m and pixel resolution between 1.5 and 1.8 pixels/m. Operation is planned to adapt altitude to the change on the topography and obtain a constant ground resolution. Operational speed is selected to 52 km/h. The UAS trajectory is adapted to the limits of the natural park and the border between Spain and Portugal. Matlab code is developed for mission planning. The complete surveillance of the natural park requires a total time of 15.6 hours for a distance of 811.6 km.
DEVELOPMENT OF A ROBUST IMAGE MOSAICKING METHOD FOR SMALL UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors: Kim J. , Kim T.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this paper, a tie-point based image mosaicking method considering imaging characteristics of small UAVs is proposed. Small UAVs can be characterized to have unstable flight trajectory and lower flight height. The proposed method considers the imaging characteristics in image transformation estimation and image blending process. For image transformation estimation, an optimal transformation model is variably applied by using tie-point area ratio. The optimal tie-point area ratio was about 0.3. Mosaicking error was largely decreased by using this tie-point area ratio. For image blending, a composite area minimization is introduced as a preceding step of image resampling. Composite areas of individual images were minimized by analyzing image overlaps between adjacent images. The proposed method was evaluated over flat area and urban area with highly overlapping multi-strip and inconsistently overlapping strip. Experiment results showed that the proposed method can reliably generate mosaics not only from UAV images acquired in good environment but also from extreme environment.
A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION AND VISUALIZATION SYSTEM FOR UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Liang Y. , Qu Y. , Cui T.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Nowadays UAVs has been widely used for large-scale surveying and mapping. Compared with manned aircraft, UAVs are more cost-effective and responsive. However, UAVs are usually more sensitive to wind condition, which greatly influences their positions and orientations. The flight height of a UAV is relative low, and the relief of the terrain may result in serious occlusions. Moreover, the observations acquired by the Position and Orientation System (POS) are usually less accurate than those acquired in manned aerial photogrammetry. All of these factors bring in uncertainties to UAV photogrammetry. To investigate these uncertainties, a three-dimensional simulation and visualization system has been developed. The system is demonstrated with flight plan evaluation, image matching, POS-supported direct georeferencing, and ortho-mosaicing. Experimental results show that the presented system is effective for flight plan evaluation. The generated image pairs are accurate and false matches can be effectively filtered. The presented system dynamically visualizes the results of direct georeferencing in three-dimensions, which is informative and effective for real-time target tracking and positioning. The dynamically generated orthomosaic can be used in emergency applications. The presented system has also been used for teaching theories and applications of UAV photogrammetry.
A SPATIO-SPECTRAL CAMERA FOR HIGH RESOLUTION HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING
Authors: Livens S. , Pauly K. , Baeck P. , Blommaert J. , Nuyts D. , Zender J. , Delauré B.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Imaging with a conventional frame camera from a moving remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS) is by design very inefficient. Less than 1 % of the flying time is used for collecting light. This unused potential can be utilized by an innovative imaging concept, the spatio-spectral camera. The core of the camera is a frame sensor with a large number of hyperspectral filters arranged on the sensor in stepwise lines. It combines the advantages of frame cameras with those of pushbroom cameras. By acquiring images in rapid succession, such a camera can collect detailed hyperspectral information, while retaining the high spatial resolution offered by the sensor. We have developed two versions of a spatio-spectral camera and used them in a variety of conditions. In this paper, we present a summary of three missions with the in-house developed COSI prototype camera (600–900 nm) in the domains of precision agriculture (fungus infection monitoring in experimental wheat plots), horticulture (crop status monitoring to evaluate irrigation management in strawberry fields) and geology (meteorite detection on a grassland field). Additionally, we describe the characteristics of the 2nd generation, commercially available ButterflEYE camera offering extended spectral range (475–925 nm), and we discuss future work.
BENCHMARKING THE OPTICAL RESOLVING POWER OF UAV BASED CAMERA SYSTEMS
Authors: Meißner H. , Cramer M. , Piltz B.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. UAV based imaging and 3D object point generation is an established technology. Some of the UAV users try to address (very) highaccuracy applications, i.e. inspection or monitoring scenarios. In order to guarantee such level of detail and accuracy high resolving imaging systems are mandatory. Furthermore, image quality considerably impacts photogrammetric processing, as the tie point transfer, mandatory for forming the block geometry, fully relies on the radiometric quality of images. Thus, empirical testing of radiometric camera performance is an important issue, in addition to standard (geometric) calibration, which normally is covered primarily. Within this paper the resolving power of ten different camera/lens installations has been investigated. Selected systems represent different camera classes, like DSLRs, system cameras, larger format cameras and proprietary systems. As the systems have been tested in wellcontrolled laboratory conditions and objective quality measures have been derived, individual performance can be compared directly, thus representing a first benchmark on radiometric performance of UAV cameras. The results have shown, that not only the selection of appropriate lens and camera body has an impact, in addition the image pre-processing, i.e. the use of a specific debayering method, significantly influences the final resolving power.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HYBRID UAV SENSOR PLATFORM SUITABLE FOR FARM-SCALE APPLICATIONS IN PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Authors: Pircher M. , Geipel J. , Kusnierek K. , Korsaeth A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Today’s modern precision agriculture applications have a huge demand for data with high spatial and temporal resolution. This leads to the need of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) as sensor platforms providing both, easy use and a high area coverage. This study shows the successful development of a prototype hybrid UAV for practical applications in precision agriculture. The UAV consists of an off-the-shelf fixed-wing fuselage, which has been enhanced with multi-rotor functionality. It was programmed to perform pre-defined waypoint missions completely autonomously, including vertical take-off, horizontal flight, and vertical landing. The UAV was tested for its return-to-home (RTH) accuracy, power consumption and general flight performance at different wind speeds. The RTH accuracy was 43.7 cm in average, with a root-mean-square error of 39.9 cm. The power consumption raised with an increase in wind speed. An extrapolation of the analysed power consumption to conditions without wind resulted in an estimated 40 km travel range, when we assumed a 25 % safety margin of remaining battery capacity. This translates to a maximal area coverage of 300 ha for a scenario with 18 m/s airspeed, 50 minutes flight time, 120 m AGL altitude, and a desired 70 % of image side-lap and 85 % forward-lap. The ground sample distance with an in-built RGB camera was 3.5 cm, which we consider sufficient for farm-scale mapping missions for most precision agriculture applications.
ULTRALIGHT RADAR FOR SMALL AND MICRO-UAV NAVIGATION
Authors: Scannapieco A. F. , Renga A. , Fasano G. , Moccia A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. This paper presents a radar approach to navigation of small and micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in environments challenging for common sensors. A technique based on radar odometry is briefly explained and schemes for complete integration with other sensors are proposed. The focus of the paper is set on ultralight radars and interpretation of outputs of such sensor when dealing with autonomous navigation in complex scenario. The experimental setup used to analyse the proposed approach comprises one multi-rotor UAV and one ultralight commercial radar. Results from flight tests in which both forward-only motion and mixed motion are presented and analysed, providing a reference for understanding outputs of radar in complex scenarios. The radar odometry solution is compared with ground truth provided by GPS sensor.
EXPERIMENT ON UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING FOR ICT-INTEGRATED CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Takahashi N. , Wakutsu R. , Kato T. , Wakaizumi T. , Ooishi T. , Matsuoka R.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In the 2016 fiscal year the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan started a program integrating construction and ICT in earthwork and concrete placing. The new program named “i-Construction” focusing on productivity improvement adopts such new technologies as UAV photogrammetry and TLS. We report a field experiment to investigate whether the procedures of UAV photogrammetry and TLS following the standards for “i-Construction” are feasible or not. In the experiment we measured an embankment of about 80 metres by 160 metres immediately after earthwork was done on the embankment. We used two sets of UAV and camera in the experiment. One is a larger UAV enRoute Zion QC730 and its onboard camera Sony α6000. The other is a smaller UAV DJI Phantom 4 and its dedicated onboard camera. Moreover, we used a terrestrial laser scanner FARO Focus3D X330 based on the phase shift principle. The experiment results indicate that the procedures of UAV photogrammetry using a QC730 with an α6000 and TLS using a Focus3D X330 following the standards for “i-Construction” would be feasible. Furthermore, the experiment results show that UAV photogrammetry using a lower price UAV Phantom 4 was unable to satisfy the accuracy requirement for “i-Construction.” The cause of the low accuracy by Phantom 4 is under investigation. We also found that the difference of image resolution on the ground would not have a great influence on the measurement accuracy in UAV photogrammetry.
ASSIGNING TIE POINTS TO A GENERALISED BUILDING MODEL FOR UAS IMAGE ORIENTATION
Authors: Unger J. , Rottensteiner F. , Heipke C.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. This paper addresses the integration of a building model into the pose estimation of image sequences. Images are captured by an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) equipped with a camera flying in between buildings. Two approaches to assign tie points to a generalised building model in object space are presented. A direct approach is based on the distances between the object coordinates of tie points and planes of the building model. An indirect approach first finds planes within the tie point cloud that are subsequently matched to model planes; finally based on these matches, tie points are assigned to model planes. For both cases, the assignments are used in a hybrid bundle adjustment to refine the poses (image orientations). Experimental results for an image sequence demonstrate improvements in comparison to an adjustment without the building model. Differences and limitations of the two approaches for point-plane assignment are discussed – in the experiments they perform similar with respect to estimated standard deviations of tie points.
WETLAND VEGETATION INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT WITH LOW ALTITUDE MULTISPECTRAL UAV IMAGERY
Authors: Boon M. A. , Tesfamichael S.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The use of multispectral sensors on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) was until recently too heavy and bulky although this changed in recent times and they are now commercially available. The focus on the usage of these sensors is mostly directed towards the agricultural sector where the focus is on precision farming. Applications of these sensors for mapping of wetland ecosystems are rare. Here, we evaluate the performance of low altitude multispectral UAV imagery to determine the state of wetland vegetation in a localised spatial area. Specifically, NDVI derived from multispectral UAV imagery was used to inform the determination of the integrity of the wetland vegetation. Furthermore, we tested different software applications for the processing of the imagery. The advantages and disadvantages we experienced of these applications are also shortly presented in this paper. A JAG-M fixed-wing imaging system equipped with a MicaScene RedEdge multispectral camera were utilised for the survey. A single surveying campaign was undertaken in early autumn of a 17 ha study area at the Kameelzynkraal farm, Gauteng Province, South Africa. Structure-from-motion photogrammetry software was used to reconstruct the camera position’s and terrain features to derive a high resolution orthoretified mosaic. MicaSense Atlas cloud-based data platform, Pix4D and PhotoScan were utilised for the processing. The WET-Health level one methodology was followed for the vegetation assessment, where wetland health is a measure of the deviation of a wetland’s structure and function from its natural reference condition. An on-site evaluation of the vegetation integrity was first completed. Disturbance classes were then mapped using the high resolution multispectral orthoimages and NDVI. The WET-Health vegetation module completed with the aid of the multispectral UAV products indicated that the vegetation of the wetland is largely modified (“D” PES Category) and that the condition is expected to deteriorate (change score) in the future. However a lower impact score were determined utilising the multispectral UAV imagery and NDVI. The result is a more accurate estimation of the impacts in the wetland.
APPLICATION OF DECISION TREE ON COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM DESIGN AND VERIFICATION FOR QUADCOPTER
Authors: Chen C.-W. , Hsieh P.-H. , Lai W.-H.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to build a collision avoidance system with decision tree algorithm used for quadcopters. While the ultrasonic range finder judges the distance is in collision avoidance interval, the access will be replaced from operator to the system to control the altitude of the UAV. According to the former experiences on operating quadcopters, we can obtain the appropriate pitch angle. The UAS implement the following three motions to avoid collisions. Case1: initial slow avoidance stage, Case2: slow avoidance stage and Case3: Rapid avoidance stage. Then the training data of collision avoidance test will be transmitted to the ground station via wireless transmission module to further analysis. The entire decision tree algorithm of collision avoidance system, transmission data, and ground station have been verified in some flight tests. In the flight test, the quadcopter can implement avoidance motion in real-time and move away from obstacles steadily. In the avoidance area, the authority of the collision avoidance system is higher than the operator and implements the avoidance process. The quadcopter can successfully fly away from the obstacles in 1.92 meter per second and the minimum distance between the quadcopter and the obstacle is 1.05 meters.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF COTS UAV FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION. A TEST ON S.GIULIANO CHAPEL IN SAVIGLIANO (CN) – ITALY
Authors: Chiabrando F. , Teppati Losè L.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Even more the use of UAV platforms is a standard for images or videos acquisitions from an aerial point of view. According to the enormous growth of requests, we are assisting to an increasing of the production of COTS (Commercial off the Shelf) platforms and systems to answer to the market requirements. In this last years, different platforms have been developed and sell at low-medium cost and nowadays the offer of interesting systems is very large. One of the most important company that produce UAV and other imaging systems is the DJI (Dà-Jiāng Innovations Science and Technology Co., Ltd) founded in 2006 headquartered in Shenzhen – China. The platforms realized by the company range from low cost systems up to professional equipment, tailored for high resolution acquisitions useful for film maker purposes. According to the characteristics of the last developed low cost DJI platforms, the onboard sensors and the performance of the modern photogrammetric software based on Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithms, those systems are nowadays employed for performing 3D surveys starting from the small up to the large scale. The present paper is aimed to test the characteristic in terms of image quality, flight operations, flight planning and accuracy evaluation of the final products of three COTS platforms realized by DJI: the Mavic Pro, the Phantom 4 and the Phantom 4 PRO. The test site chosen was the Chapel of San Giuliano in the municipality of Savigliano (Cuneo-Italy), a small church with two aisles dating back to the early eleventh century.
UAV CAMERAS: OVERVIEW AND GEOMETRIC CALIBRATION BENCHMARK
Authors: Cramer M. , Przybilla H.-J. , Zurhorst A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Different UAV platforms and sensors are used in mapping already, many of them equipped with (sometimes) modified cameras as known from the consumer market. Even though these systems normally fulfil their requested mapping accuracy, the question arises, which system performs best? This asks for a benchmark, to check selected UAV based camera systems in well-defined, reproducible environments. Such benchmark is tried within this work here. Nine different cameras used on UAV platforms, representing typical camera classes, are considered. The focus is laid on the geometry here, which is tightly linked to the process of geometrical calibration of the system. In most applications the calibration is performed in-situ, i.e. calibration parameters are obtained as part of the project data itself. This is often motivated because consumer cameras do not keep constant geometry, thus, cannot be seen as metric cameras. Still, some of the commercial systems are quite stable over time, as it was proven from repeated (terrestrial) calibrations runs. Already (pre-)calibrated systems may offer advantages, especially when the block geometry of the project does not allow for a stable and sufficient in-situ calibration. Especially for such scenario close to metric UAV cameras may have advantages. Empirical airborne test flights in a calibration field have shown how block geometry influences the estimated calibration parameters and how consistent the parameters from lab calibration can be reproduced.
MINHAS EXPERIÊNCIAS PEDAGÓGICAS NO CURSO DE EDUCAÇÃO INTERCULTURAL/UFG
Authors: Karajá Paulo César Beti
Published: August 2017

RYBÈNABUTÈ Kaa waõmysỹdỹỹna Ibutuna Hãwa-ki rèwinyre, Tocantins wèrbiroimyhỹre tahè awimy ròhònyre Tema mahãdu-my rarybekre ityrèdiraaõmysỹdỹỹnyre dỹỹraxi rèwinymy Licenciatura Intercultural tyyrtina-kiUniversidade Federal tuu riwatohonyre, iwsè tahè rèwinyre dỹỹraxi rbilehèaõ rèlèmyhỹre. Awimy hèka tai rahare kièmy dori irbile bdè rèèryrèrityyrtidu-my tasỹ tyyrtidỹỹdu-my ãròhònykremy bdèèrymy, kièmy dorihèiwsè rbile tyyrtidu mahãdu iny bdèdỹỹnanarèny aõni tyhymy rierykreinatxi-my bdèèryna, rityhynykre, Iny bdèèryna ta tyyrti rbi bdèèryna.Rybèna-wèryna: Inymahãdu. Inybdèèryna. Intercultural rbibdèèryna.
REFLEXÕES EM TORNO DO TEMA CONTEXTUAL “ETNICIDADE E DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL”
Authors: Nazareno Elias , Araújo Ordália Cristina Gonçalves
Published: August 2017

RESUMOO texto analisa o resultado das atividades propostas do Tema Contextual“Etnicidade e Diversidade Cultural” durante a primeira etapa do Cursode Educação Intercultural da UFG em 2017 com a turma composta porestudantes de diversos povos indígenas e ressalta, principalmente, acontribuição dos estudantes em relação ao debate sobre a diversidadecultural presente na sociedade brasileira. Significativas sugestões foramfeitas para o trabalho com essa temática no ensino básico indígena e nãoindígena a partir de reflexões em torno do reconhecimento da diversidade cultural brasileira e do lugar da escola para os povos indígenas. Palavras-chave: Tema contextual. Diversidade cultural. Escola.
VIDA E SABERES CULTURAIS COTIDIANOS EM UMA ALDEIA TENTEHAR
Authors: Sá Maria José Ribeiro de , Silva Maria das Graças
Published: August 2017

RESUMOEste artigo tem por objetivo relatar saberes e fazeres do cotidiano nouniverso cultural dos Tentehar, descrevendo como vivem e se relacionamno espaço socioambiental em que habitam. O estudo de caso do tipoetnográfico foi realizado na aldeia Juçaral, localizada na porção sudoesteda terra indígena Arariboia, zona rural do município de Amarante doMaranhão. Os registros de campo foram colhidos a partir da técnicade observação participante e entrevistas realizadas com moradores daaldeia. O estudo mostrou como a vida Tentehar acontece no cotidianode suas moradias, nas múltiplas atividades cotidianas que desenvolvemno complexo natural roça-mata-rio-igarapé-quintal. Os Tentehar ainda semantêm sustentavelmente. No entanto, os impactos que hoje castigam aTI Arariboia, promovem o desequilíbrio ecológico e por consequênciacomprometem a sua sobrevivência.Palavras-chave: Saberes culturais. Cotidiano. Povo Tentehar. Trabalho.Natureza.
HISTÓRIA ESCOLAR E PESQUISAS DIDÁTICAS: A FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR PESQUISADOR NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Leite Luciana
Published: August 2017

RESUMOEste artigo busca discutir a diversidade social, epistêmica e culturalbrasileira e o papel do professor-pesquisador nas práticas do ensino deHistória nas escolas brasileiras. Para tal, desenvolvo uma discussãobaseada nos anos de experiência da autora como professora de História na educação básica e, também, por meio de apontamentos sobre a educação indígena atual. Apresentarei, também, como os saberes indígenas mudaram meu olhar sobre a pesquisa e o ensino de História e minha concepção de professor-pesquisador.Palavras-chave: Ensino de História. Saberes Indígenas. ProfessorPesquisador.
A BUSCA PELA ESCOLA DIFERENCIADA E O I MOVIMENTO PELA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA APINAJÉ
Authors: Gomes Dhiogo Rezende
Published: August 2017

RESUMOEste texto apresenta-se como fragmento adaptado de uma pesquisa queculminou na dissertação de mestrado “MĒ IXUJARĒNH - Ausência,presença e busca: o ensino de história na Escola Indígena Tekator do povo Panhĩ–Apinajé”, concluída em 2016. Aponta-se para registro e reflexão, aqui, parte do processo de busca do povo Apinajé por uma escola indígena que se enquadre como diferenciada e atrelada à construção de um projeto de educação escolar protagonizado por atores indígenas, em que os Apinajé vêm tomando posição. Uma participação ativa e política que busca a escola intercultural, diferenciada e específica nos modos de produção e transmissão dos conhecimentos tradicionais e escolarizados. Um movimento pela educação escolar Apinajé visualizado na organização do primeiro evento político organizado e executado pela comunidade escolar da Tekator, que vem retomando nos últimos anos pautas pertinentes neste contexto, em reuniões importantes, tendo a escola Apinajé e diferenciada como objetivo.Palavras-chave: Educação escolar indígena. Povo Apinajé. Escola indígena diferenciada.
O CICLO DE VIDA DA CRIANÇA TAPUIA
Authors: Silva Adriana Rosário da , Santos Daiane Aparecida Ferreira dos , Rodirgues Eunice da Rocha Moraes , Moraes Gracilene Chaves de , Costa Silma Aparecida da Silva
Published: August 2017

RESUMOO povo Tapuia do Carretão residente nos municípios de Rubiataba eNova América-Goiás é descendente de três povos indígenas, sendo elesKarajá, Xavante e Kaiapó, incluindo negros e brancos. Após muitos anosdessa miscigenação, o nosso povo adquiriu vários costumes vindos desses diferentes povos. Muito se discute sobre a aprendizagem das crianças, como e com quem elas aprendem. Na nossa comunidade podemos observar que cada família tem seus costumes e tradições diferentes, e predomina mais cada Tronco indígena de que a família é descendente. Em cada fase da vida da criança ela aprende com as pessoas que estão ao seu redor. Mas podemos notar que depende de cada família, pois cada um tem a sua particularidade. Em algumas famílias pode-se notar que a mãe ou o pai pegam mais as responsabilidades do ensinamento sendo em algumas famílias a mãe e em outras o pai. O aprendizado da vida do povo Tapuia é contínuo, pois é algo  que você nunca deixa de adquirir. Se estamos mais velhos, aprendemos  com nossos filhos e netos. Aprendemos com pessoas amigas, com a família, com os nossos anciões, com os nossos caciques, com as nossas lideranças. Aprendemos a valorizar nossas culturas e tradições, a dar valor aos ensinamentos que nossas avós e bisavós nos deixaram. Portanto, cada experiência vivida é muito importante na formação da pessoa, embora possa se perceber que o ciclo mais significativo seria a fase da velhice que é onde muitas experiências foram vividas e se tem oportunidade de repassá-las adiante, e onde se adquire muito conhecimento. Por isso os (as) velhos (as) Tapuia são sempre visto (as) com respeito e admiração, seguidos logo após pela fase do útero e da primeira infância, pois são os ciclos nos quais a criança está em um contato mais direto com o mundo, começando a aprender cores e sabores e formando-se intelectualmente e  sentimentalmente. Isso irá refletir na vida adulta até a velhice. Cada fase  tem sua particularidade e individualidade. Basta respeitarmos todos que aprenderemos com cada uma, porque todas têm seu valor especial e cada fase de transição tem sua identidade, sua atitude e seu tempo de desabrochar.Palavras chave: Povo Tapuia. Ciclo de vida da criança. Família, anciãose lideranças.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Biology and Life Science, Vol. 8, No. 2
Authors: Lee Kelvin
Published: August 2017

Journal of Biology and Life Science (JBLS) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from February 1, 2017 to August 1, 2017. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether JBLS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Adeline ChiaAnbalagan JaganathanEwa MoliszewskaGanesh Ambigapathy  Godswill Ntsomboh Ntsefong  Hui Xiang Allergan Inc.  Jawed A Siddiqui  Jayalaxmi SastriKhyati Hitesh ShahMadhusudanarao VudaMELTEM SESLİRam PrasadVidisha Bipin RajeZhichao Feng   Kelvin LeeEditorial AssistantJournal of Biology and Life Science-------------------------------------------Macrothink Institute5348 Vegas Dr.#825, Las Vegas, Nevada 89108, United StatesTel: 1-702-953-1852 ext.510Fax: 1-702-420-2900E-mail: jbls@macrothink.orgURL: http://jbls.macrothink.org
Cyklistforbundet: da ecossocioeconomia à convivencialidade
Authors: De Oliveira Jorge Gustavo Barbosa , Da Silva Janaina Mayara Müller , Bohn Lars , Sampaio Carlos Alberto Cioce
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a atuação da Cyklistforbundet (Federação dos Ciclistas) enquanto prática ecossocioeconômica e convivencial. Essa entidade, fundada em 1905, congrega os ciclistas dinamarqueses por meio de projetos voltados à tomada de consciência e mobilização dos cidadãos em defesa dos interesses do ciclismo, em interface com o Estado e diferentes setores da sociedade civil, constituindo-se em prática ecossocioeconômica na qual promove o bem-viver das gerações atual e futuras. Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica envolvendo os temas do ecodesenvolvimento, desenvolvimento à escala humana, ecossocioeconomia e convivencialidade. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, por meio de aplicação de questionário à entidade e pesquisa documental em sítios dela, para verificar seu modo de atuação no território. Concluiu-se que a federação passa por metamorfoses concomitantes às transformações da sociedade dinamarquesa, assumindo interesses de setores sociais – com os quais dialoga – de modo a intervir nas questões políticas, culturais e existenciais ao longo do tempo. A Cyklistforbundet tanto reforça a identidade dos dinamarqueses quanto contribui para o fortalecimento da democracia participativa na Dinamarca.
Evaluación de amenazas tecnológicas en la ciudad de Paranaguá/PR, Brasil
Authors: Torrisi Daniela , Paula Eduardo Vedor de , Wroblewsky Carlos Augusto
Published: August 2017

A redução de riscos a desastres está ganhando relevância no campo das ciências ambientais, sendo frequentemente abordada em diagnósticos territoriais. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e avaliar os níveis de ameaça tecnológica com relação ao armazenamento de produtos perigosos na cidade de Paranaguá. A metodologia desenvolvida tem como base teórica a legislação espanhola Reglamento de Actividades Molestas, Insalubres, Nocivas y Peligrosas de 1961, bem como é complementada com as propostas da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) e da Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres (ANTT) do Brasil. A análise foi realizada, com o auxílio do software ArcGIS 10.1, considerando a distância como fator de exposição. A partir da aplicação desta metodologia, pode se concluir que um total de 84,75 km² estão sob ameaças tecnológicas e mais de 124.000 pessoas seriam afetadas no caso de acontecer um evento.
Antecedentes da Lei Federal de Agrotóxicos (7.802/1989): o protagonismo do movimento ambientalista no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Franco Caroline Da Rocha , Pelaez Victor
Published: August 2017

Este artigo faz um retrospecto histórico sobre a importância do movimento ambientalista no Rio Grande do Sul na criação da primeira lei estadual de agrotóxicos do país, em 1982. A Associação Gaúcha de Proteção ao Ambiente Natural, sob a liderança de José Lutzenberger, teve papel preponderante na criação de uma agenda de combate ao uso dos agrotóxicos no Rio Grande do Sul. A legislação permitiu maior controle sobre a aprovação e o uso de agrotóxicos, com a introdução de importantes dispositivos legais: a autorização de produtos agrotóxicos condicionada ao uso aprovado nos países de origem, a classificação toxicológica dos produtos autorizados, o direito de entidades civis de impugnar registros de produtos que apresentem risco à saúde da população e a exigência do receituário agronômico. A aprovação e a implementação dessa lei foram objeto de intensa resistência da parte da indústria de agrotóxicos, que buscou desqualificá-la judicialmente por meio de representação de inconstitucionalidade no Supremo Tribunal Federal. A mobilização de grupos organizados da sociedade civil contribuiu para a difusão desse instrumento de controle social a outras unidades da federação, e a experiência adquirida por alguns dos integrantes do movimento ambientalista gaúcho, na constituição da lei estadual, influenciou significativamente na elaboração e na aprovação da Lei Federal de Agrotóxicos n. 7.802/1989. Tal experiência, aliada a um momento histórico favorável à inclusão da questão ambiental na agenda política do governo federal, foi determinante para o avanço do Brasil na normatização de substâncias que oferecem perigo à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente.
O Santuário Ecológico de Ilhabela como área marinha protegida a ser incorporada ao SNUC: panorama atual e próximos passos
Authors: Sá Maila Paisano Guilhon e , Neiman Zysman , Bondioli Ana Cristina Vigliar
Published: August 2017

O Santuário Ecológico de Ilhabela foi criado mediante decreto municipal em 1992, apresentando desde aquela época evidências de degradação ambiental devido a atividades humanas. Com a criação do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação, a categoria “Santuário Ecológico” passou a não ter mais validade, havendo necessidade de recategorização a uma das categorias presentes na Lei. Ilhabela é um município que tem como principal fonte de renda atividades relacionadas ao turismo, que, se mal planejadas, podem levar a impactos sociais, ambientais e econômicos. A região do Canal de São Sebastião em que o Santuário está localizado possui rica fauna marinha, mas também sofre grande pressão antrópica, fator que pode colocar em risco, inclusive, a saúde e bem-estar de moradores, turistas e da fauna marinha local. Nos últ­imos anos, grupos vêm buscando apresentar dados que justifiquem a proposta de recategorização da área, até o presente momento sem sucesso. Este artigo tem por objetivo contextualizar a atual situação do Santuário Ecológico de Ilhabela, apresentar subsídios que justifiquem sua recategorização e indicar caminhos para a continuidade do processo.
O paradigma agroecológico e as crises da sociedade contemporânea: contribuições socioantropológicas na perspectiva da teoria mimética
Authors: Aubin Ludovic
Published: August 2017

A agroecologia se sobressai entre as alternativas para superar as crises atuais, consequentes da globalização, por sua potencialidade e abrangência para agregar propostas ecológicas direcionadas a algumas das dimensões do problema, sendo por isso alçada à condição de paradigma em construção. As questões epistemológicas atreladas a esse paradigma estão direcionadas à compreensão da crise socioambiental, que é provavelmente central entre os desafios enfrentados pelas sociedades contemporâneas. Dada a dimensão dessa crise, há várias propostas teóricas e analíticas que se empenham em compreender as raízes e as circunstâncias históricas da situação atual. Destacamos aqui uma dessas propostas, a teoria mimética, que analisa o papel antropológico do sagrado na delimitação do acesso aos bens e na prevenção da violência social recorrendo, por exemplo, ao sacrifício. Essa teoria permite também compreender os efeitos da dessacralização como fator do consumo ilimitado na modernidade ao liberar os desejos. Assim, a dessacralização seria causadora de uma crise global das figuras tradicionais, dos modelos cosmogônicos e da desritualização da relação homem-natureza-agricultura, levando à integração desta última (atividade outrora altamente ritualizada) ao mercado global. Na tradição intelectual moderna, a húbris (desmedida) só pode ser contida na base de uma formulação consciente e racional dos limites e de uma livre escolha de submissão a estes (autonomia). Em caso de insucesso do projeto autônomo, restaria a anomia? Nossa hipótese é a de que a agroecologia, devido a sua consistência antropológica pertinente, representa uma dessas escolhas conscientes. A inovação deste artigo reside na ponte estabelecida entre a teoria mimética e a agroecologia. Enfim, concluímos o estudo com uma discussão sobre as perspectivas adotadas e seus limites.
SENSITIVIDADE FLUVIAL DA DRENAGEM PRINCIPAL DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO SAGRADO - SERRA DO MAR PARANAENSE
Authors: Kleina Monica , Santos Leonardo José Cordeiro
Published: August 2017

A sensitividade fluvial permite reconhecer pontos sujeitos às mudanças na rede de drenagem, identificadas por meio das forças de resistência (capacidade do sistema em resistir a uma alteração do estado inicial) e perturbação (aplicações de energias, como clima, interferências bióticas e antrópicas). Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo determinar a sensitividade fluvial nas principais drenagens que compõem a bacia hidrográfica do rio Sagrado, localizada em Morretes, na Serra do Mar paranaense. Para obtenção dos resultados, tornou-se necessária a identificação dos estilos e ajustes fluviais, concentração de erosão, conectividade fluvial e evolução da ocupação da terra na bacia. Os dados foram sobrepostos e analisados, evidenciando que as maiores perturbações foram localizadas nos rios Sagrado e Sambaqui, principalmente próximas às planícies, classificadas como alta sensitividade. Diferentemente, rios margeados pelas altas declividades da Serra do Mar, recobertos por vegetação em estágio médio/avançado, situam-se locais com pouca probabilidade de mudanças, sendo denominadas como baixa sensitividade. Assim conclui-se que os terços de rios localizados em planícies possuem poucas resistências e muitas alterações no uso da terra, enquanto que nas altas declividades, em vales fluviais confinados e parcialmente confinados, a sensitividade apresenta-se baixa.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Culture and History, Vol. 9, No. 2
Authors: Dou Paige
Published: August 2017

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Culture and History, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2017
Delivery of Goods on International Sales
Authors: Abadi Mohsen Hodssein , Kalkoshki Alireza Azadi
Published: August 2017

Commitment to delivery of goods that are addressed in the materials 30 to 44 of the International Sale convention is a fundamental obligation of the seller that Article 30 stipulates that the seller must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods, as required by the contract and this Convention. According to this article we can be divided sale person in three categories: Transfer the property of the goods, Delivery of the Goods, Handing over of Documents.Two other obligations that are not expressly stated in this article and during other material during the Convention (Articles 35 and 41) are mentioned and they should also be added to the vendor obligations are included: " Conformity of the Goods and the product immunity from claims of third parties which the following discussion will be addressed and finally transfer Of Risk which in many cases is to give the product will be a close relationship.
Investigating Piracy and Terrorism in the International Legal System
Authors: Shamloo Bagher , Sajadi Seyed Ahmad
Published: August 2017

Laws governing piracy has been evolving during historical periods. Pirates as human enemies have been undisputed theme of common international laws and most of the international treaties. The reason why piracy could be the most continuous historical phenomena in more than two thousand years is that it is in link with the other factor which is, in turn, in continuity during the history and it is nothing but violence. During the centuries, piracy has faced tolerance and even in some cases circumstantial satisfaction of political societies and in the next step the governments. Even in some cases it was used to set the relations of power. At the time of the rule of Elizabeth I in England piracy faced a lot of tolerance because this crime was the means of making a living for English pirates. It seems that one of the reasons making England facilitate free sailing in its bodies of water by seventeenth century was making the opportunity for pirates by English sailors for getting by. In this study we are going to discuss marine crimes in international laws.
The Influence of Liberty Concepts on the Legal Classification of Constitutions and Constitutional Governments
Authors: Tehrani Alireza Asadpour , Dahaghi Masoud Raie
Published: August 2017

Due to global developments in constitutional law and especially the importance of principles of republicanism, the sovereignty of the people and the protection of individual rights and public liberties as the foundations of constitutionalism and constitutional government, it seems that a new category of constitution that is consistent with the principles and foundations of constitutionalism and the constitution should be provided. Therefore, the classical categories of constitutions are briefly introduced and then their unlawful aspects will be criticized and then, new categories of constitutions are introduced and described. This classification is based on the assumption that republic governments can be constitutionality and with a focus on the protection of liberty can use its power without being required to comply with liberty in its liberal concept. So as constitutions can be divided into two types of liberalism and republicanism, governments can be classified into two types of Republicanism and liberalism too. Since the classic categories have acted based on inductive method, therefore, this method has been used to criticize and propose alternatives.