bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Trend of Glacier Melting or Growing and its Impact on Heavy Storms
Authors: Singh Bharat Raj , Singh Onkar
Published: September 2016

Scientists calculate how much the ice sheet is growing or shrinking from the changes in surface height that are measured by the satellite altimeters. In locations where the amount of new snowfall accumulating on an ice sheet is not equal to the ice flow downward and outward to the ocean, the surface height changes and the ice-sheet mass grows or shrinks. But it might only take a few decades for Antarctica’s growth to reverse, according to Zwally. If the losses of the Antarctic Peninsula and parts of West Antarctica continue to increase at the same rate they’ve been increasing for the last two decades, the losses will catch up with the long-term gain in East Antarctica in 20 or 30 years and it is questionable whether there will be enough snowfall increase to offset these losses. The study analyzed changes in the surface height of the Antarctic ice sheet measured by radar altimeters on two European Space Agency European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellites, spanning from 1992 to 2001, and by the laser altimeter on NASA’s Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) from 2003 to 2008. The good news is that Antarctica is not currently contributing to sea level rise, but is taking 0.23 millimeters per year away. But, this is also bad news. If the 0.27 millimeters per year of sea level rise attributed to Antarctica in the IPCC report is not really coming from Antarctica, there must be some other contribution to sea level rise that is not accounted for. On other hand, globally every country is facing heavy storm, disastrous rain fall and variance in Climate Change, causing greater loss in production of food grain, disruption of smooth living and development and enhancement of hazardous deceases on account of Global Warming and Climatic Changes. This paper focuses on the current issues and its remedial efforts to be made essentially to curb these issues and save human life and beautiful creatures on the globe.
Comparative Study of 'BOD' and PH of Distillery Wastewater
Authors: Tripathi Kamal Nabh
Published: September 2016

Industrial processes create a variety of wastewater pollutants which are difficult and costly to treat. Production of ethyl alcohol in distilleries based on cane sugar molasses constitutes a major industry in Asia and South America. The world’s total production of alcohol from cane molasses is more than13 million m3/annum. The aqueous distillery effluent stream known as spent wash is a dark brown highly organic effluent and is approximately 12-15 times by volume of the product alcohol. It is one of the most complex, and strongest organic industrial effluents, having extremely high BOD values. of organic load. The paper reviews the status of BOD values before and after treatment of the distillery wastewater
Three Dimensional Solar Cell Technology with Application of Solar Tree
Authors: Mourya Satya Narayan , Gupta Pankaj , Trivedi Skand
Published: September 2016

The three dimensional photovoltaic cell is revolutionary silicon solar cell, design to maximize the conversion of sunlight into electricity. It is like container rather than plane conventional solar cell and has ‘High Efficiency Design to produce 200% of the Power Output of the Conventional Solar Cells’. Three dimensional solar has a special feature on the surface to capture more light in the morning and evening hours, as well as in the winter months when the sun is not directly overhead. Unlike conventional solar cells where electrical contact wires run on the top of the cell, blocking sunlight, three dimensional solar cell use a network of contact wires run below the light collector. Solar Tree is energy generating and harvesting tree, in order to increase efficiency “SPIRALLING PHYLLATAXY” technique is applied. It is way of mounting the three dimensional solar panel (leaf) on the top such a way that maximum sunlight incident on it. It can be applied in street lightening system, industrial power supply etc. It is much better than traditional photovoltaic solar system in area point of viewandalso more efficient. It is perfect solution for future energy needandFibonacci Sequence SolarTree is one of advance solar tree. After using three dimensional solar cell in solar tree, the investment payback period of solar panel systems is40%more than conventional solar panel systems.
RFID Protocols and Authentication
Authors: Kumar Ajit
Published: September 2016

Last two decades encountered various technological innovations. RFID is one of these changes. RFID impacted and eased out the day to day life of merchandisers and customers as well. RFID replaced the paper bases system of keeping the records. RFID has proved its importance in various classifications of science society and technology. RFID is a technology that uses radio waves to exchange data between devices. The three main components of an RFID system are readers, tags, and a back-end. The initial objective of RFID was identication of objects. Early applications of RFID systems include tracking systems for farm animals, library items, and airport baggage. Over the years, RFID tags have become more powerful and are used in applications that require more than mere identification.
A Study on Carbon Sequestration to Curb Climate Damage: An Impact of Planting Trees along Roadsides
Authors: Singh Bharat  Raj , Kumar Raghuvir , Singh Amar Jyoti , Singh Amar Bahadur
Published: September 2016

Global Warming is now becoming a challenge for survival of species on Earth and draws attention of many modern societies, power and energy engineers, academicians, researchers and stakeholders to go for deeper study. During the 21st centuries, the environmental consequences of increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide lead to the considerable impacts upon Earth's weather and climate change. It is due to faster consumption of hydrocarbon fuel in the transport sector which is posing global threat of increase of green house gases through tail pipe emission. It is also a known fact that major greenhouse gas H2O substantially warms the Earth, minor greenhouse gases such as CO2 have also considerable effect. To sequestrate the Carbon Di-oxide and Carbon Mono-oxide many methods were tried to reduce the impact of environmental issues. But it is noticed that plant and trees are the most effective source to absorb the carbon being released through green house gases. In this paper a study has been carried out to focus on planting trees, that forms a tunnel when matured, along roadside to sequestrate the carbon released from exit gases of transport, as vehicles are increasing every year in manifold especially in developing country like India. Authors have taken many readings at different places in Lucknow City and concluded that if trees are planted along roadsides, the carbon can be sequestrated optimally, if green coverage tunneling with sufficient matured trees is present along road sides. Thus planting trees according to the rate of release of carbon can be the most effective solution for curbing the impact of climate change. This can make Green and Clean Environment and need maximum coverage by media too so that people may start planting trees in residential areas also.
A NOVEL ALGORITHM TO PREDICT KNEE ANGLE FROM EMG SIGNALS FOR CONTROLLING A LOWER LIMB EXOSKELETON
Authors:   EIED, Thapar University Patiala, Punjab, India, Dhindsa Inderjeet Singh , Agarwal Ravinder ,   EIED, Thapar University Patiala, Punjab, India, Ryait Hardeep Singh ,   ECE Department, BBSBEC, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
Published: September 2016

This paper presents an algorithm for estimation of the intended knee joint angle from sEMG signals acquired from four muscles of upper limb. The algorithm was evaluated by experiments showing the calculated intended motion while performing a simple daily life activity of sitting in a squat position and standing from a squat position. The proposed algorithm uses Mean Absolute Value (MAV) and Root Mean square (RMS) as features and a multi-layer Back Propagation Neural Network (BPN) for predicting the knee angle. Proposed algorithm along with the experimental results are presented. The predicted knee angle can be used to control a lower limb exoskeleton.
Motivasi Berpikir Menurut al-Qur’an
Authors: Andriyani Dwi
Published: September 2016

Kitab Suci Al-Qur’an merupakan kitab Allah yang diturunkan kepada umat manusia sebagai petunjuk bagi kita semua, yang mana diturunkan kepada umat Nabi Muhammad Saw mulai dari berabad-abad yang lalu, hingga sampai sekarang ini. Al-Qur’an di dalamnya banyak sekali mengandung isyarat ilmiah yang berguna bagi umat manusia. Oleh karena itu, sebagai makhluk Allah yang dikarunia akal pikiran, sudah seharusnya menjadi tugas kita untuk mengungkap apa yang ada di dalam al-Qur’an yang menjadi isyarat ilmiah bagi kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan. Al-Qur’an banyak memberikan motivasi bagi umat manusia, terutama motivasi berpikir. Berpikir adalah olah kerja otak yang yang berfungsi mencari hakekat dari sesuatu. Namun, dalam al-Qur’an berpikir juga tidak semuanya dilakukan oleh akal pikiran, melainkan juga dapat dilakukan dengan hati. Ketika mengkaji lebih dalam mengenai berpikir, maka akan didapatkan beberapa lafadz yang mempunyai pengertian yang sama, yaitu berpikir. Seperti lafadz nazara, tadabbara atau tadabbur, tafakkara atau tafakkur, faqiha atau fiqh atau tafaqquh, tazakkara, dan faham. Semua yang disebutkan di atas adalah mempunyai pengertian yang hampir sama. Membangkitkan motivasi berpikir dalam mengkaji ayat-ayat al-Qur’an sangatlah bermanfaat dalam menambah wawasan, dan juga dapat menambah keimanan kita kepada Allah Swt. Beberapa penemuan yang ada pada saat sekarang ini merupakan bukti dari kebenaran al-Qur’an, isyarat ilmiahnya dapat dibuktikan dengan beberapa penemuan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan. The Holy Qur'an is a book of God revealed to mankind as a guide for all of us, which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad's people from many centuries ago until now. The Qur'an contains a lot of useful scientific cue for mankind. Therefore, as a creature of Allah endowed with a mind, it should be our duty to reveal what is in the Qur’an becomes the scientific cue to the advancement of knowledge. The Holy Qur'an has provided motivation for mankind, especially motivational thinking. Thinking is the workings of the brain that function to find the essence of something. However, in the Qur'an do not think everything that was done by the mind but also to do with the heart. When examine more deeply about thinking it will get some lafadz that have the same sense that is thinking. As lafadz Nazara, Tadabbara or Tadabbur, Tafakkara or Tafakkur, Faqiha or Fiqh or tafaqquh, tazakkara, and Faham. All mentioned above has almost the same meaning. Motivational thinking in assessing the verses of the Qur'an is very useful in increasing insight and can also increasing our faith in Allah. Some of the inventions that exist at the present time are a proof of the truth of of the Qur'an, scientific cues can be proved by several discoveries in science.
Open University and Distance Education Coordination: strategies to consolidate distance education at the National Autonomous University of Mexico
Authors: Berruecos Citlalli
Published: September 2016

This case study describes three main strategies used from March 2002 to November 2003 at the Open University and Distance Education Coordination (CUAED) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) to consolidate distance education at the University. The author explains how, in just 18 months, these three main strategies enabled the UNAM to emerge as model of distance education for other public and private institutions in Latin America.
Bounded Community: Designing and Facilitating Learning Communities in Formal Courses
Authors: Wilson Brent G. , Ludwig-Hardman Stacey , Thornam Christine L. , Dunlap Joanna C.
Published: September 2016

Learning communities can emerge spontaneously when people find common learning goals and pursue projects and tasks together in pursuit of those goals. Bounded learning communities (BLCs) are groups that form within a structured teaching or training setting, typically a course. Unlike spontaneous communities, BLCs develop in direct response to guidance provided by an instructor, supported by a cumulative resource base. This article presents strategies that help learning communities develop within bounded frameworks, particularly online environments. Seven distinguishing features of learning communities are presented. When developing supports for BLCs, teachers should consider their developmental arc, from initial acquaintance and trust-building, through project work and skill development, and concluding with wind-down and dissolution of the community. Teachers contribute to BLCs by establishing a sense of teaching presence, including an atmosphere of trust and reciprocal concern. The article concludes with a discussion of assessment issues and the need for continuing research. A version of this paper was presented at the meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), San Diego, April 2004. Please send inquiries to Brent G. Wilson (brent.wilson@cudenver.edu). [Additional contact information: Brent's phone: 303-556-4363; fax 303-556-4479] Keywords: learning community; instructional design; emergent systems; collaborative learning; teaching presence; sense of community
Learning and Affective Support Online in Small Group and Class Contexts
Authors: Anderson Bill , Simpson Mary
Published: September 2016

This study was designed to evaluate the use of asynchronous discussion in distance education in terms of student perceptions of its value for learning and for affective support. At the end of the third and sixth years of a distance delivered teacher education programme, students completed a survey to determine the extent to which the nature and characteristics of the online aspects of the programme contributed to learning and afforded affective support. Students perceived considerable value in the online interaction for both learning and support. Small groups and the whole class were seen as the dominant spaces for interaction, but there was considerable differentiation between them in terms of their contribution to affective support. The small group discussions were seen as most important for all aspects of communication but students reported non-participation by some members as a significant problem. Keywords: online learning; interaction; group discussion; student support; distance education; asynchronous communication
Audio/ Videoconferencing Packages: Low cost
Authors: Treblay Remi , Fyvie Barb , Koritko Brenda
Published: September 2016

A comparison was conducted of Voxwire MeetingRoom and iVocalize v4.1.0.3, both Web-conferencing products using voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) to provide unlimited, inexpensive, international audio communication, and high-quality Web-conferencing fostering collaborative learning. The study used the evaluation criteria used in earlier reports, including common technical framework, clarity, control, complexity, and costs. Criteria sub-divisions applying to one or more of the products' synchronous and asynchronous components are included in a side-by-side product comparison table. It is concluded that these two highly competitive products provide a serious challenge to the markets of their highly priced rivals. The report also contains a brief summary of GRCLive, another promising conferencing software, which the evaluation team attempted to evaluate, though gave up owing to technical difficulties.
Partner Power: A study of two distance education consortia
Authors: Pidduck Anne Banks , Carey Tom
Published: September 2016

This research reports findings from a study which explored the process and criteria of partner selection – how and why partners are chosen – for two distance education consortia. The researchers reviewed recent literature on partnerships and partner selection. Two Canada-wide distance education consortia were identified as large-scale case studies for investigation of the research theory. A total of 34 informants were contacted. Written business plans, contracts, documents, partner network diagrams, and 231 archival emails from 36 correspondents were collected and analyzed for the two consortia. The research identified four criteria that influence why specific partners are chosen: requirements, resource availability, social network, and reputation. These findings suggest that the formation of partnerships and the process of partner selection are both very complex.
The World-Wide Inaccessible Web, Part 2: Internet routes
Authors: Baggaley Jon , Batpurev Batchuluun , Klaas Jim
Published: September 2016

In the previous report in this series, Web browser loading times were measured in 12 Asian countries, and were found to be up to four times slower than commonly prescribed as acceptable. Failure of webpages to load at all was frequent. The current follow-up study compares these loading times with the complexity of the Internet routes linking the Web users and the Web servers hosting them. The study was conducted in the same 12 Asian countries, with the assistance of members of the International Development Research Centre’s PANdora distance education research network. The data were generated by network members in Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Mongolia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Additional data for the follow-up study were collected in China. Using a ‘traceroute’ routine, the study indicates that webpage loading time is linked to the complexity of the Internet routes between Web users and the host server. It is indicated that distance educators can apply such information in the design of improved online delivery and mirror sites, notably in areas of the developing world which currently lack an effective infrastructure for online education.
The Emergence of Open-Source Software in North America
Authors: Pan Guohua , Bonk Curtis J.
Published: September 2016

Unlike conventional models of software development, the open source model is based on the collaborative efforts of users who are also co-developers of the software. Interest in open source software has grown exponentially in recent years. A Google search for the phrase open source in early 2005 returned 28.8 million webpage hits, while less than two years later that number had jumped to 376 million. This paper discusses the origin of the term open source and the key tenets of the open source software development model. In addition, it analyzes the merits and drawbacks of using this model and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of applying the model in higher education. Importantly, examples are provided of computer software, and course management systems in particular, developed using the open source model. Also included are brief analyses of the Linux operating system, and two open source course management systems, Sakai and Moodle, as well as the uPortal. A timeline of major open source projects of significance in North America is provided. The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential for applying the open source software development model to open and distance education.
Eportfolios: From description to analysis
Authors: Brandes Gabriella Minnes , Boskic Natasha
Published: September 2016

In recent years, different professional and academic settings have been increasingly utilizing ePortfolios to serve multiple purposes from recruitment to evaluation. This p aper analyzes ePortfolios created by graduate students at a Canadian university. Demonstrated is how students’ constructions can, and should, be more than a simple compilation of artifacts. Examined is an online learning environment whereby we shared knowledge, supported one another in knowledge construction, developed collective expertise, and engaged in progressive discourse. In our analysis of the portfolios, we focused on reflection and deepening understanding of learning. We discussed students’ use of metaphors and hypertexts as means of making cognitive connections. We found that when students understood technological tools and how to use them to substantiate their thinking processes and to engage the readers/ viewers, their ePortfolios were richer and more complex in their illustrations of learning. With more experience and further analysis of exemplars of existing portfolios, students became more nuanced in their organization of their ePortfolios, reflecting the messages they conveyed. Metaphors and hypertexts became useful vehicles to move away from linearity and chronology to new organizational modes that better illustrated students’ cognitive processes. In such a community of inquiry, developed within an online learning space, the instructor and peers had an important role in enhancing reflection through scaffolding. We conclude the paper with a call to explore the interactions between viewer/ reader and the materials presented in portfolios as part of learning occasions.
Classification and Characteristics of Students Groups Using Change of Attitude in Class for Creating Slides to Present Product
Authors: Miyaji Isao
Published: September 2016

The creation of product presentation slides using PowerPoint was implemented in order to ensure that students acquire the knowledge and information literacy required to use computers. Students created slides presenting products in which they were interested, inserting animation and recording narration. This class combined evaluation and revision activities. Along with enhancing computer skills, awareness relating to a variety of skills required for problem solving were enhanced in an attempt to cultivate independent thinking skills. In particular, the aim was not only to enhance PowerPoint skills, but also to improve expressiveness, planning ability and ability to make proposals. This paper reports the contents and change of attitude in the class to create product presentation slides. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis are conducted using elongation in assessed values. As a result, students are classified in some groups and characteristics of each group is reported. Important categories for group are extracted through discriminant analysis. Significance difference test for change of awareness related to abilities peculiar to this class will be reported. Finally it is considered those results.
Demographic, Clinical, and Operative Factors Affecting Long-Term Revision Rates After Cervical Spine Arthrodesis
Authors: Derman Peter B. , Lampe Lukas P. , Hughes Alexander P. , Pan Ting Jung , Kueper Janina , Girardi Federico P. , Albert Todd J. , Lyman Stephen
Published: September 2016

Background:

Limited data exist on long-term revision rates following cervical spine arthrodeses. The purposes of this study were to define reoperation rates after primary cervical arthrodeses and to identify risk factors for revisions.

Methods:

New York State’s all-payer health-care database was queried to identify all primary subaxial cervical arthrodeses occurring in the 16 years from 1997 through 2012. A total of 87,042 patients were included in the study cohort. Demographic information was extracted. Patients’ preoperative medical comorbidities, surgical indications, and operative approaches were assembled using codes from the ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification). The cohort was followed to revision surgical procedures, death, or the end of the study period. All subsequent contiguous spinal arthrodeses, including in the subaxial cervical spine, were considered revisions. The overall revision risk and the risk associated with various preoperative characteristics, surgical indications, and operative approaches were assessed using a Cox proportional hazard model.

Results:

During the study period, 6,721 patients (7.7%) underwent revision. The median time to revision was 24.5 months. The probability of undergoing at least one revision by 192 months was 12.6%. Arthrodeses performed via anterior-only approaches had a significantly higher probability of revision (p < 0.001) at 13.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 12.9% to 13.9%) than those performed via posterior approaches at 7.4% (95% CI, 6.6% to 8.4%) or circumferential (anterior and posterior) approaches at 5.2% (95% CI, 4.0% to 6.8%). This relationship persisted in multivariate analysis; compared with anterior surgical procedures, there was a significantly lower risk of revision (p < 0.001) for posterior surgical approaches at a hazard ratio of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.84) and circumferential approaches at a hazard ratio of 0.53 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.66). Patient age of 18 to 34 years, white race, insurance status of Workers’ Compensation or Medicare, and surgical procedures for spinal stenosis, spondylosis, deformity, and neoplasm were associated with elevated revision risk. Arthrodeses spanning few levels and those performed for fractures had a lower revision risk.

Conclusions:

Primary subaxial cervical spine arthrodeses had a probability of revision approaching 13% over a 16-year period, with elevated reoperation rates in patients undergoing anterior-only surgical procedures. Age, race, insurance status, surgical indication, and number of spinal levels included in the arthrodesis were also associated with reoperation risk.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Probabilistic Production Data Analysis Applied to ESP Selection
Authors: Cardona Andres , Kadio-Morokro Benedicte , Knight Jeff
Published: September 2016

Electric Submersible Pump technology dramatically evolved to encompass wider inflow ranges and conditions. Production and reservoir data uncertainty represent critical hurdles for ESP selection, often resulting in improper sizing of equipment. The improper sizing may result in the ESP operating out of range, or, in the worst case, constraining the well's production. A properly sized and fit-for-purpose ESP is important for reliable operations and to avoid costly intervention and deferred production which negatively impact project economics.

Recently discovered reservoirs often present challenges with data availability and certainty. It becomes even more challenging if the reservoir is unconventional or if the data quality is questionable. This study encompasses an unconventional reservoir (recently discovered and a mature field), a deepwater subsea application and a field with limited and questionable data.

There are various statistical options to manage uncertainty. This paper presents a methodology to apply the probabilistic production analysis to ESP design. The methodology comprises the use of nodal analysis, statistics and specialized ESP software. The resulting ESP options are simulated to model performance over time. Finally, all the options and conditions are scrutinized to select the configuration that best optimizes the ESP system from production and reliability perspectives.
Enhanced Pump Technology Adapts to Extreme Operating Conditions in Multiphase Producing Wells
Authors: Narvaez D.. , Eslinger D.. , Perez M.. , Dvorak T..
Published: September 2016

Compression pump construction technology has been used in electric submersible pump (ESP) systems for several decades to transfer pump downthrust to the protector thrust bearing, thereby preventing pump downthrust wear in abrasive and gassy applications and to extend their service life in applications where the flow rate was expected to decrease below the catalog-recommended operation range of the pump.

The development of unconventional shale plays raised the requirements for artificial lift systems and particularly ESPs. These applications often combine some of the most challenging conditions for ESP operation, including production of solids, high gas-to-liquid ratio, steep decline rates, and unsteady flow.

An enhanced pump technology was developed and qualified to address the challenges and meet the demand of ESP systems with much broader flexibility in terms of flow rate and multiphase flow handling and toughness required to continue to operate and achieve the target run time. This new pump design, combined with customized operating procedures, has been applied across a wide range of operations, not only geographically across the different basins in the USA, but also covering conventional and unconventional applications with different fluid properties, operating philosophies, and large variations of flow rates, which sometimes start at or above the maximum recommended operating range (ROR) for the pump stage and eventually decrease to flow rates that fall substantially below the catalog ROR, within the flat section of the Head-Rate (H-Q) curve. The evaluation of the systems concluded they are statically and dynamically stable even when operating in the flat or dip section of the head–flow rate curve.

In the Bakken, this technology has been a key element in managing a steep production decline, in which the initial production of above 4,000 bbl/d declined to only 1,000 bbl/d after 90 days of operation in unconventional wells producing from 9,000-ft deep reservoirs. In the Powder River basin, the technology has been applied in conventional applications that are characterized by more stable production of approximately 4,000 bbl/d from shallower reservoirs at 7,000 ft and with lower gas content. The technology has also been successful in CO2 flood applications in the Permian basin that produce in excess of 7,000 bbl/d total liquid.
Do postmodern slogans exist?
Authors: Radenković Šošić Bojana
Published: September 2016

Paper aims to discuss the postmodern character of NTOs’ (National Tourist Organization) slogans. The research problem is placed in the context of branding tourist destinations. Author began the research with the assumption that national tourist slogans could be interpreted in the context of postmodern marketing characteristics. Considering the importance of branding process in the postmodern marketing and the importance of slogans in the branding process, the research aimed to analyze if national tourism slogans reflect postmodern marketing features. The author intended to connect the theoretical postulates of postmodern marketing and their practical application in the field of branding tourism destinations. The results of the study could be used as guidelines for practioners in the process of branding tourist destinations by choosing the effective country slogans.
Burials at a Gravesite in Shirak Valley (Armenia): A Biological and Social Approach
Authors: Khudaverdyan Anahit Yu.
Published: September 2016

A comparative paleopathological study was conducted in order to discern the general health and way of life of these populations. All the skeletal remains are dated to late antiquity (213 individuals in total, from 6 osteoarchaeological series in the Shirak valley). The study of bone lesions indicated cases of injury and alveolodental disease. The traces of injuries which were noted appear significantly more frequently in males. As for skeletal markers of activity, macrotraumas indicate injuries sustained in battle in some cases (skull lesions). During the course of the research, traces of blows and scraping as well as cutting were identified on the bones. The study of skulls from the Shirak valley demonstrated that some of them have been artificially deformed (fronto-occipital as well as round deformations). Cases of dental calculus, caries, periodontal disease, ulcers, and tooth hypoplasia in these skulls were studied.
Whose game is this? An overview at the role of football in the construction of national identity
Authors: Đorđević Ivan
Published: September 2016

In this paper I will consider the ways in which national identity is constructed through football, by analyzing different case studies foremost in the countries of Western Europe which are, in public narratives, signified as “developed”. I will attempt to point out the fact that, despite the weakening of the prerogative of the nation-state, the identity which refers to such a state is still strong, and that football is one of those cultural elements though which such identification is encouraged and supported. On the other hand, through analyzing the “nation building” through football project in countries which, supposedly represent the ideal for a transitional country like Serbia, in both the economic and political sense, it is my intent to point out that the ideology of nationalism and its instrumentalization in the media, such as that given in the examples, is by no means locally specific nor connected to so-called “insufficiently modernized societies”, where this term, in itself has the ideological weight in context – that we could thus refer to certain societies as “enough” or “completely” modernized. On the contrary, these models, more or less, function the same way everywhere, only they are historically determined, and greatly dependent on momentary power relations, or that which the dominant discourse in continual hegemonic struggles defines as the desirable image of “nation”, “economy” or anything else.
“Unto our kin and posterity” – the festival of spiritual and material creativity of Dinaric Serbs, who colonized Vojvodina, as a rite of passage
Authors: Karin Vesna
Published: September 2016

The research will focus on the “Unto our kin and posterity” Festival, which is the leading scenic presentation of Dinaric Serbs in Vojvodina. The festival enables a reinterpretation of the local-regional identities of Dinaric Serbs, and a public display and affirmation of their subcultural identity. The methodology used to approach the issue of importance and emphasis placed on the Festival as a singularly important event which features the infallible element of dance, is van Gennep’s concept of “rite of passage”, in its broader sense.
The contribution of anthropological structuralism to the development of the concept of “cultural identity” as the object of contemporary anthropological research
Authors: Žikić Bojan
Published: September 2016

The concept of “cultural identity”, as a matter of anthropological consideration today – in the sense of its dynamic and relational character, but before that as a means of signifying human groups and simultaneously expressing what the members consider their contextual characteristics – is based on the process of cultural identification, which is the product of the act of division, delineation and classification as culturally cognitive operations arising from the experience of the surrounding reality. The initial anthropological interest in these acts we find in anthropological structuralism and its intention of searching for rules of logic which determine the ways in which we shape our world and the symbols we use to do it. Viewing identification as an attempt to establish logical reasons for a certain quality to be signified in this way in general, has its basis in the way in which structural anthropologists explained the establishing of symbolic connections between different human groups, or rather the meaning of the signs used for this purpose.
From Information to Message: Archaeology and Media in Serbia
Authors: Vuković Jasna , Vujović Miroslav
Published: September 2016

The paper discusses the image of archaeology and archaeologists created in the public by various media. On the grounds of analysis of the texts in which the subject of archaeology figures in newspapers and on social networks, it is demonstrated that archaeologists are mainly perceived in the public as inert “concealers” of the real truth of the past. The reason behind this is equally in the insufficient knowledge of the media, but as well in the reluctance of professional archaeologists to communicate. The paper offers an outline of long-term strategy to bridge the existing gap and inform the public about the mission and social relevance of the discipline.
IMPROVEMENT OF IQ - 3 PROCESSES TO ELIMINATE CRACK FORMATION, DECREASE DISTORTION, AND MAXIMIZE MATERIAL STRENGTH, AND DUCTILITY
Authors: Kobasko Nikolai
Published: September 2016

The paper presents an overview and significant improvement of one of the intensive quenching processes (namely, the IQ-3 process). The IQ-3 process is an interrupted quench method that is usually implemented in high-velocity single-part quenching IQ units. The IQ-3 process is often called a direct convection quenching since, due to a very high water flow rates through the quench chamber, both the film boiling process and the nucleate boiling process are eliminated completely, and convention process starts immediately after beginning of the quench. Different criteria of the IQ-3 process interruption are considered. Normally, the IQ-3 process is interrupted at a time when current surface compressive stresses are at their maximum value. After a conventional IQ-3 process, there is a mixed structure in the part core. The paper focuses on the IQ-3 method that provides a bainitic structure in the part core. A method for calculation of a required water flow rate for high-velocity IQ systems for providing the bainitic part core structure is discussed.
RECYCLING OF AURIFEROUS ORE FLOTATION TAILINGS IN SLAG-ALKALINE CEMENT
Authors: Gots Volodimir , Lastivka Oles , Volunska Elizabeth , Tomin Oleksandr
Published: September 2016

Research analysis aimed at stabilizing processes in industrial waste and other, similar hazardous ion containing materials, shows that these materials can be successfully stabilized, if they are bound as a mineral component in cement. Considering that auriferous ore flotation waste contains heavy metals that are useless for any production and accumulated in dumps, storages and sumps, this impairs the ecology of the country. This is why current study is conducted on recycling of auriferous ore flotation tailings by binding it as a cement component, which is also can be one of its effective applications. For heavy metal bonds stability evaluation in the composition of the cement matrix, the method of leaching elements by atomic spectroscopy was applied. According to the research it was found that application of slag-alkaline viscid systems for recycling of auriferous ore dump flotation tailings provides considerable advantages over traditional Portland cement systems based on PC I-500. It was shown that along with the physical blocking in the artificial stone matrix, based on slag-alkaline viscid systems, elements of heavy metals were also bound chemically as a part of structure-forming compounds. In this regard use of auriferous ore dump flotation tailings (10…30 %) in the compound of slag-alkaline cement results in the prolonged solidification and provides the same level of cement stone durability as the check sample compound.
RESEARCH OF DRY PLANT CONCENTRATES – INGREDIENT OF A FOOD HEALTH IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Ananieva Valeriya , Krichkovska Lidiya , Belinska Anna , Dubonosov Volodimir , Petrov Sergiy
Published: September 2016

It is suggested to perfect technology of production of emulsive foodstuffs, as most consumed by all groups of population of Ukraine, by introduction to compounding of secondary wastes of exit-juice production and vine making as dry concentrates. Such method of enriching of foodstuffs will allow to bring down the deficit of necessary micro- and macronutrients, biologically active substances, and also to bring down indexes on the number of peroxide in the process of storage of low-caloric sauces due to being of natural antioxidants in powdered plant and vegetable material. Experiments were conducted for determination of micro- and macroelement composition and content of sum of polyphenolic substances samples of powdered plant and vegetable material. Samples with the optimal above-mentioned indexes were revealed and samples for the next stage of researches were chosen.

The data plan experiment on the effect of temperature and time storage of powdered vegetable raw materials in the amount polyphenols (% wt) in samples of powdered vegetable raw materials used in the suggested corrections storage term low-calorie sauces based on secondary products of juice and wine manufacturing in recipes and calculations in compounding on productions.It was substantiated the choice of grape skin powder as bioactive addition in the emulsive foodstuffs for health improvment purposes, as a sample that has optimal indexes for micro- and macronutrients composition and maintenance of natural antioxidants of polyphenolic nature.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Chainikov Sergey , Solodovnikov Andrey
Published: September 2016

Information technology of information system software architecture structural synthesis is proposed. It is used for evolutionary models of the software lifecycle, which provides configuration and formation of software to control the realization and recovery of computing processes in parallel and distributed computing resources structures. The technology is applied in the framework of the software requirements analysis, design of architecture, design and integration of software.

Method of combining vertices for multilevel graph model of software architecture and automata-based method of checking performance limitations to software are based on the advanced graph model of software architecture. These methods are proposed in the framework of information technology and allow forming a rational structure of the program, as well as checking for compliance with the functional and non-functional requirements of the end user.

The essence of proposed information technology is in displaying of the customer's requirements in the current version of the graph model of program complex structure and providing a reconfiguration of the system modules. This process is based on the analysis and processing of the graph model, software module specifications, formation of software structure in accordance with the graph model, software verification and its compilation.
REGULARITIES OF STABILITY FOR PRINTING FORMS OF OFFSET PRINTING WITH DAMPENING IN SHORT RUNS
Authors: Skyba Vasyl , Zolotukhina Каteryna , Velychko Olena
Published: September 2016

The complex research for the changes in the properties of the printing plates’ printing and gap elements influenced by the printing process short runs was conducted, that allowed to determine the change of printing and gap elements’ surface microgeometry, also to determine the change of the oxide layer stability, and to explain the decrease of the ink receptivity coefficient. The mathematical regression equation model of the printing plates’ elements’ impact onto the imprints’ optical density in offset printing was developed, that allows estimating and predicting properties of modern brand of printing plate. Work reveals some new facts about characteristics for printability such as influences of printing plate’s elements parameters’ on color characteristics of imprints. Dampening solution, printing plates application and printing settings as well as color features of the imprints are analyzed in the context of offset printing.
DSREM REGULATOR IN THE TCP/IP NETWORK
Authors: Dovzhenko Timur
Published: September 2016

The paper presents the main parameters and describes the behavior of the active queue management (AQM) algorithm which based on random exponential marking (REM) packets in TCP/IP network. It has presented the new AQM algorithm, which has been developed by author, which is based on REM and uses dynamically splitting marking characteristic (DSREM) of network packets. The basic parameters and functional principle of DSREM algorithm have been shown. Block diagram of linearized AQM system, which is based on DSREM management law and describes its main components, is shown. Transfer characteristic for DSREM, which is based on the Laplace transform and its basic parameters, are considered. Simulation of TCP/IP network, which contains congested link for small and large sources of incoming messages using REM and DSREM regulators, is done. Log-frequency characteristics for REM and DSREM methods are obtained and their comparative analysis is performed. It is concluded that the regulator based on DSREM algorithm has better performance and stability of the system can be used in the AQM system.
GROUPING METHOD OF IMAGE FRAGMENTS OF ADJACENT DISLOCATION ETCH PITS OF THE SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER
Authors: Samoilov Andrey , Shevchenko Igor
Published: September 2016

An increase in production volumes of gallium arsenide semiconductor devices determines the need for better control of dislocations of semiconductor wafer.

The grouping method of image fragments of adjacent dislocation etch pits of the semiconductor wafer is proposed in the article. Adjacent fragments will be allocated in the pre-binarized image of wafer surface, which contains adjacent fragments of etch pits of dislocation loops after treatment by the described method. Improved methods for determining the loop line width determines the edge line width of etch pits of suspected dislocations, given the variability of their display in the binarized image. The current loop line width is compared to the reference line width of the dislocation loop.

The grouping method of image fragments of adjacent dislocation etch pits of the semiconductor wafer defines recovery of loop lines branching, takes into account various options of line adjacency and determines the direction of further recovery of loop line of dislocation etch pits. A step by step description of the method is given.
VECTOR INDICATOR AS A TOOL OF RECURRENT ARTIFICIAL NEURON NET FOR PROCESSING DATA
Authors: Trunov Alexander
Published: September 2016

The three-level comparator is applied as a tool to formation of vector-indicator of function and its argument and recurrent artificial neuron net (RANN). The modernization of expression in Fourier series due to usage of the vector-indicator components is introduced. The example of RANN for peripheral processing data on the basis of a long-short-term memory is proposed. The dependence of number point shift from order of oldest derivatives in expression is studied. The system equations realizing conditions of minimization a sum of squared deviations from the patterns are written. The processes of transformation on different stage of data acquisition and processing into RANN are considered. Decomposition of function on derivatives and vector-indicator inside RANN is shown. The numerical experiments for analytical learning are done, they demonstrated convergence of analytical learning algorithms independently from first approximation even for oscillating operators.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CASTING ALLOYS INTENDED FOR OPERATION UNDER EXTREME CONDITIONS AND SOME TECHNIQUES OF MAKING CASTINGS FROM THEM
Authors: Yamshinskij Mikhail , Fedorov Grigoriy , Verkhovliuk Anatoliy
Published: September 2016

The article studies new heat-resistant and wear resistant materials for operation under extreme conditions, especially in the power industry. The methods that improve the quality of a metal in metal castings through the influence of alloying elements on its structure and properties have been considered. These methods are very effective for reducing the tendency of a metal to form a coarse–grained structure. The paper describes optimal techniques for melting special alloys in induction and electric furnaces. A set of rules for the selection of a melting temperature before pouring a metal into the casting forms depending on the dimensions, wall thickness, geometry of castings have been determined. The behavior of new alloys under the conditions of high temperatures, aggressive environments has been studied.

It has been established that heat–resistant Cr–Al steels exhibit high heat resistance and wear resistance properties; they 6–8 times surpass Cr–Ni steels in oxidation resistance. The proposed Cr–Mn cast iron processed in an integrated manner with REM (rare earth metals) and Ti is superior to a basic cast iron in conditions of a heavy wear. Numerous industrial trials confirm the usefulness of recommended new casting materials for use under extreme conditions.