bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Next generation HLA sequence analysis uncovers seven HLA-DQ amino acid residues and six motifs resistant to childhood type 1 diabetes
Authors: Admin Ada , Zhao Lue Ping , Papadopoulos George K , Kwok William W. , Moustakas Antonis K. , Bondinas George P. , Carlsson Annelie , Larsson Helena Elding , Ludvigsson Johnny , Marcus Claude , Samuelsson Ulf , Wang Ruihan , Pyo Chul-Woo , Nelson Wyatt C. , Geraghty Daniel E. , Lernmark Åke
Published: August 2020

HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes have significant and potentially causal associations
with autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). To
follow on the earlier analysis on high-risk HLA-DQ2.5 and DQ8.1, the current
analysis uncovers seven residues (αa1, α157, α196, β9, β30, β57, β70) that are resistant
to T1D among subjects with DQ4, 5, 6 and 7 resistant DQ haplotypes. These seven residues form 13 common motifs;
six motifs are significantly resistant, six motifs have modest or no
associations (p-values>0.05), and one motif has 7 copies observed among
controls only. The motif “DAAFYDG”, “DAAYHDG” and “DAAYYDR” have significant
resistance to T1D (OR = 0.03, 0.25 and 0.18, p-value = 6.11*10-24,
3.54*10-15 and 1.03*10-21, respectively). Remarkably, a change of a single residue from
the motif “DAAYHDG” to “DAAYHSG” (D to S at β57) alters
the resistance potential, from resistant motif (OR = 0.15, p-value = 3.54*10-15)
to a neutral motif (p-value = 0.183), the change of which was significant (Fisher’s
p-value = 0.0065). The extended set of
linked residues associated with T1D resistance and unique to each cluster of
HLA-DQ haplotypes represents facets of all known features and functions of
these molecules: antigenic peptide binding, pMHCII complex stability, b167-169 RGD loop, TCR
binding, formation of homodimer of alpha-beta heterodimers, and cholesterol
binding in the cell membrane rafts. Identifications of these residues is a
novel understanding of resistant DQ associations with T1D. Our analyses endow potential molecular
approaches to identify immunological mechanisms that control disease
susceptibility or resistance to provide novel targets for immunotherapeutic
strategies.
”Den følelse kan jeg ikke skabe, hvis jeg bare står og fortæller” – Lærernes erfaringer med en handlingsorienteret tilgang til bevægelse i folkeskolen
Authors: Madsen Kasper Lasthein , Aggerholm Kenneth
Published: August 2020

Indførelsen af kravet om 45 minutters daglig motion og bevægelse i folkeskolen har forandret lærernes undervisningspraksis. I dette kvalitative interviewstudie undersøger vi, hvilke didaktiske overvejelser lærere gør sig, når de integrerer bevægelse i deres undervisning. Undersøgelsen sigter på at nuancere forståelsen af og beskrive mulighederne i at integrere motion og bevægelse i undervisningen i folkeskolen. Studiets interviews peger på, at lærerne opfatter bevægelse som kropslige handlinger, der bidrager til indsigt i det faglige indhold frem for som fysiske aktiviteter, der fremmer eksekutive funktioner. Ifølge lærerne skal bevægelse i undervisningen give sansemotoriske, sociale og følelsesmæssige erfaringer, der bidrager til elevernes læring på en måde, som traditionel tavleundervisning ikke gør. Det er derfor lærernes didaktiske overvejelser om faglige mål og elevernes læring, der former bevægelsesaktiviteterne, og disse integreres således i lærernes fagdidaktik. Lærerne giver imidlertid udtryk for, at det er udfordrende at identificere berøringsflader mellem bevægelse og fagligt indhold. Ifølge lærerne øger bevægelsesaktiviteterne elevernes kropslige interaktion, hvilket gør undervisningen mere levende og engagerer eleverne. Det kan forstyrre undervisningen, men interviewene viser, at en handlingsorienteret bevægelsespraksis har potentiale til at skabe balance mellem bevægelsens vitalitet og den faglige styring.
English abstract
“I can’t create that feeling by just talking” – Teachers’ experiences with Enactive Movement Integration in primary school
In The Danish Folkeskole, it has become mandatory for pupils to be physically active for 45 minutes every day, a provision which has changed the way teachers work. In this qualitative interview study, we examine what didactic considerations teachers draw on when integrating movement in education. The interviews indicate that teachers perceive movement as embodied actions that contribute to new insights, rather than physical activities that promote executive functions. According to the teachers, movement in teaching should provide sensorymotor, social and emotional experiences that contribute to student learning in a way that traditional classroom teaching does not. It is therefore the teachers’ didactic considerations of subject aims and students learning that shape the movement activities. Teachers say that identifying the interface between movement and subject matter is a challenge. The movement activities result in increased bodily interaction in the classroom, which, according to the teachers, makes teaching more vivid and engages the students. Movement activities may cause some disturbance, but our study shows that embodied actions hold the potential to balance the vitality both of the movement and the academic task.
La importancia de los factores socioculturales en la competitividad de la empresa rural. El caso de la empresa apícola Miel Tierra Grande
Authors: Flores Salgado Indira , González González Floriberto
Published: August 2020

La presente investigación analiza si los recursos de índole sociocultural que posee una empresa inserta en el medio rural tienen influencia en su competitividad y desarrollo. El objeto de estudio es una organización rural productiva denominada Miel Tierra Grande, localizada en la comunidad de Hueyitlalpan del estado de Guerrero. Su giro es la apicultura, dedicada a la producción de colmenas para la extracción de miel y sus derivados como polen, propóleo y jalea real, que son transformados para generar otros productos desde el ramo alimenticio hasta productos para el cuidado e higiene personal. Para analizar su competitividad, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas; la primera a uno de los socios de la empresa encargado de la planta de producción; ocho entrevistas a habitantes de la localidad, y una al comisario. Además, se realizaron seis visitas para observar el proceso de producción, distribución y comercialización de los productos. En cuanto a los aspectos sociales y culturales que poseen las organizaciones rurales, se realizó una búsqueda de bibliohemerografía para asentar las bases teóricas. La empresa rural analizada posee un estilo particular de organización derivado de las características socioculturales de la población; se trata de una de las empresas más importantes de la región centro del estado. Se detectó que factores socioculturales como la religión, la relación con el entorno, la población, las relaciones familiares y el conocimiento local influyen en la construcción de una forma de organización en la empresa rural, todo lo cual la hacen capaz de ser competitiva. Se redefinió el concepto de competitividad aplicado a las empresas rurales; aquí se trata de la capacidad que tiene un sistema organizado de individuos para generar bienes o servicios de calidad a costos mínimos, que estén en posibilidad de mantenerse en el mercado (local, regional, nacional o extranjero), con la finalidad de lograr un beneficio económico y social.
ANTIFUNGAL EFFECTIVENESS OF CACAO BEAN SHELLS EXTRACT (Theobroma cocoa L.) ON TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM GROWTH IN VITRO
Authors: Hutasoit Chintya Mei Desia , Setyaningsih Yuni , Pramono Andri
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTTrichophyton rubrum is the most common dermatophytosis etiology. The antifungal agent has several problems such as fungal resistance and therapy side effects. Cacao (Theobroma cocoa L.) bean shells extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins which have an antifungal effect. This study aimed to test the in vitro cacao bean shells extract antifungal (especially: Trichophyton rubrum) effectiveness by agar well diffusion method. This was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design. This study used cacao bean shells extract concentration 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, ketokonazol as positive control, and aquadest as negative control. The average inhibition diameter of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% cacao bean shells extract concentration were 10.65 mm, 18 mm, 26.92 mm, and 37.22 mm, respectively, while the ketoconazole inhibition diameter was 51.52 mm. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc with Mann-Whitney. The results showed significant differences between each treatment group (p0.05). Cacao bean shells extract had an antifungal effect in inhibiting the growth of Tricophyton rubrum invitro.Keywords: Trichophyton rubrum, Cacao Bean Shells, Antifungal, Agar Well Diffusion Method,  ABSTRAKTrichophyton rubrum adalah penyebab paling umum dermatofitosis. Obat dermatofitosis (antijamur) memiliki beberapa masalah seperti resistensi dan efek samping terapi. Ekstrak cangkang biji kakao (Theobroma cocoa L.) mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, dan saponin yang memiliki efek antijamur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji efektivitas antijamur (khususnya Trichophyton rubrum) ekstrak cangkang biji kakao secara in vitro dengan metode difusi agar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan post-test only control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsentrasi ekstrak cankang biji kakao 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%, ketokonazol sebagai kontrol positif, dan aquadest sebagai kontrol negatif. Rata-rata diameter hambat konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%  secara berturut-turut yaitu: 10,65 mm, 18 mm, 26,92 mm, dan 37,22 mm, sedangkan daya hambat ketoconazole adalah 51,52 mm. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan post hoc dengan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara masing-masing kelompok perlakuan (p 0,05). Ekstrak cangkang biji kakao memiliki efek antijamur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Tricophyton rubrum invitro.Kata kunci: Trichophyton rubrum, Anti-jamur, Cangkang Biji Kaka, Metode Difusi Sumuran Agar
Simplicity, Price, Quality of Service and Safety Towards The Decision to Purchase Products Through Shopee.id Application
Authors: Nursiam Nursiam , Yanissa Anastasia Auti Merry , Ariani Kurnia Rina
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of convenience, price, service quality and safety on product purchasing decisions through the shopee.id application. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. Respondents in this study were accounting students for the 2016 class of the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta, where sampling used the incidental sampling method, with a total sample of 81 respondents. Data analysis techniques used multiple linear regression models. The results of this study indicate that ease, price, and quality of service affect the product purchase decision through the Shopee.id application with each sig value of 0,033; 0,000; and 0,000. Meanwhile, security has no effect on product purchasing decisions through the shopee.id application with a sig value of 0,087. Keywords : ease, price, quality of service, security, decision on purchasing product.
Determinants of Whistleblowing Intention of Employees in Universities: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Pratolo Suryo , Sadjiman Vidya Putri , Sofyani Hafiez
Published: August 2020

Corruption in higher education institutions (HEI) is serious issue that has become a focus by many parties. The amount of state losses caused by fraudulent behavior in the management of university finances makes research related to whistleblowing at universities very urgent. Hence, this study aims to examine how perceived personal costs, perceived fraud seriousness, and attitude influence whistleblowing intention of university employees. This research was conducted in two universities in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research samples were permanent employees including lecturers and staffs. Data obtained by distributing questionnaires directly to the respondents. Hypothesis testing uses multiple regression analysis techniques. This study found that perceived personal costs have a negative effect on whistleblowing intention. Meanwhile, perceived fraud seriousness and attitude have a positive effect on whistleblowing intention. Discussion, implications and further research suggestions are presented in this paper.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Persepsi Pemuda pada Pekerjaan Sektor Pertanian di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah
Authors: Pinem Andrius M , Nurmayasari Indah , Yanfika Helvi
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi pemuda terhadap pekerjaan di sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Simbar Waringin dan Desa Purwodadi Kecamatan Trimurjo serta Desa Sumber Fajar dan Desa Sumber Baru Kecamatan Seputih Banyak Kabupaten Lampung Tengah dengan menggunakan metode survei. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah warga yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan. Sampel penelitian adalah 66 pemuda yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel proporsional random sampling. Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi pemuda terhadap pekerjaan sektor pertanian menggunakan uji statistik non parametrik korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi pemuda terhadap pekerjaan di sektor pertanian adalah tingkat motivasi, kebutuhan, pengaruh teman dan pengetahuan informasi, sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan adalah tingkat pendidikan formal, lama berusahatani dan luas lahan.

Kata kunci: faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi, pemuda, pekerjaan, dan sektor pertanian.
Risk Mitigation Strategies in Implementing Scrum Framework for Internet-Based IT Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Flourensia Sapty , Indrawan Toni , Kamarudin Shafinah
Published: August 2020

To date many Information Technology Companies in Indonesia implement Scrum Framework which is one of the frameworks that uses Agile principles.  The implementation of the Scrum Framework does not guarantee that these companies will be free from risk, since many risks will also appear during the implementation of the framework itself.  Therefore, risk management strategies are needed to mitigate these risks.  This research is a qualitative research to manage risk due to the implementation of Scrum Framework in software development of IT companies, especially in Indonesia.  Interviews have been conducted to the Scrum stakeholders in three IT Companies to gather some initial data to be analyzed further using Qualitative Content Analysis Method and Risk Breakdown Structure.  Our finding show that there is 17 Risk Registers and their Mitigation Strategies for the implementation of Scrum Framework in Indonesian IT Companies. Furthermore, it can be used as guidelines for decision making about whether to implement this framework in their core businesses.
Analysis Performance of Islamic Bank in Indonesia: Before and After the Spin Off
Authors: Pernamasari Rieke
Published: August 2020

This research is a proof and analytic and experimental concept. This study aims to analyze the performance of Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) before the spin off compared to the performance after the spin off. An example of this research is a BUS that has done a pure spin off or spin off conversion. Based on the selected sample, obtained 5 BUS that will be taken as research samples, namely BRI Syariah, BJB Syariah, BNI Syariah, Bukopin Syariah, and BTPN Syariah. The performance variable used is to measure using the CAR, NPF, NPM, ROA and BOPO ratios. The analytical method used is the paired sample t-test. The results showed that for 5 years before and after the spin-off, there were those that showed the significance of Islamic banking before and after the spin-off on BNI Syariah's performance. While the other 4 Islamic banks have significant differences and are not significantly different before and after the spin off.
Can Indigenous Foods Play Role as ‘the Food of Survival’?
Authors: Ibnouf Fatma Osman
Published: August 2020

The indigenous foods are ‘the way of life’ of the people in rural Sudan and are considered ‘the food of survival’. Traditional/indigenous foods provide inexpensive, safe, nutritious foods throughout the whole year. These indigenous foods contribute to diversify of the diet of rural people in normal times and alternative foods that crucial to their survival during times of food shortage. Indigenous foods have the nutritional values; are both palatable and enjoyable, in addition to their potential health benefits. Indigenous techniques to process and preserve food materials are rooted in the traditional cultural, are economically practicable and more appropriate for the local contexts. Indigenous foods and traditional processing techniques are based on empiricism and bring to bear a sense of the connections of indigenous people to their surrounding environment. This is important as it enables those people to relate their knowledge to solving problems in their context. It indicates how indigenous people are in ‘harmony’ with their surrounding environments for collective survival. The paper gives a brief description of some indigenous foods from various rural areas of Sudan.
Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge, Beliefs and Attitudes of Undergraduate Students at a Kenyan University: Results of an Online Survey
Authors: Imathiu Samuel
Published: August 2020

A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online questionnaire to assess food safety knowledge, beliefs and attitudes among Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology undergraduate students. A total of 329 learners consented to participate in the study. The results revealed that overall respondents answered 46.2% of the food safety knowledge questions correctly with similar scores across the five colleges (Agriculture and Natural Resources 47.4%, Human Resource and Development 45.2%, Engineering and Technology 46.7%, Health Sciences 45.4%, and Pure and Applied Sciences 46.5%). Over 70% of respondents seemed to have positive beliefs and attitudes in most of the food safety beliefs and attitudes statements. A 78.7% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that food safety knowledge is important to them while 72.1% and 77.7% of the respondents were willing to learn how to make their food safe to eat, and how to prevent food poisoning from occurring respectively. Only a small proportion (3.3%) of respondents felt that food safety was not their responsibility. The areas of most concern in food safety knowledge were in regard to cross-contamination and temperature control/food preservation. The proportions of correct responses on; “Imagine that your electricity went off and the meat, chicken, and/or seafood in your freezer thawed and felt warm. To prevent food poisoning, what should you do?”, “A refrigerator has three shelves, on which shelf do you think raw meat should be placed?” and “What should be done if the leftovers are still not eaten completely?” were 7.3%, 24% and 24.6% respectively. These results show that students who participated in this study generally had unsatisfactory food safety knowledge regardless of their study category. There is therefore a need to offer food safety education/training to all learners, perhaps in short courses forms and not only on theory, but also on practical food safety aspects to bridge the food safety information gap.
Analysis of Sensitometry in Radiographic Films using Optical Density Measurement
Authors: Ojo Oladotun A. , Oluwafisoye Peter A. , Chime Charles O.
Published: August 2020

The sensitivity of radiographic films is an important factor to the clarity and accuracy of X-ray exposure to patients during treatment or diagnostic periods. It is therefore important to do a thorough analysis of the sensitivity of the radiographic film before and after exposure to enhance the Quality Assurance (QA) and the Quality Control (QC), of the exposure procedures. The optical densities (OD) of each film was measured, with a densitometer model MA 5336, made by GAMMEX. These values were then converted to the absorbed dose (X mGy), which is the amount of dose absorbed by each patient. The optical density versus the dose curve, followed the expected pattern, showing a good prediction from the General model, that the films employed in the exposures were of good quality and standard. Hence the optical density versus dose sensitometric curves depicts the outcome of the various films sensitivity after an exposure to the X-ray radiation through the patients.
Why Neurologists Should Remember About Antidepressants
Authors: Konyushok Maxym
Published: August 2020

The importance of neurological diseases and mood disorders for human health and life, as well as for health care and society as a whole, cannot be overestimated. Nervous system pathologies such as stroke, neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases, are one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world, and up to 60% of suicides are associated with depression. Antidepressants are used not only in psychiatric practice, but also in the practice of neurologists. Neurologists prescribe antidepressants to treat depression in neurological patients, chronic pain syndromes and neuropathic pain, panic attacks, eating disorders, premenstrual syndrome and for migraine prevention. The most difficult task for neurologists is to identify depressive disorders that often comorbid neurological diseases. The main property of antidepressants is the ability to increase depressed mood without increasing normal mood and without showing a stimulating effect. Antidepressants also have anti-anxiety, sedative, anti-phobic, anti-panic and somatic effects. When depression is detected in patients with neurological pathology, the prescription of antidepressants is justified not only from the psychiatric (relieving depression and reducing the risk of suicide), but also from the neurological point of view (reducing the risk of complications of neurological pathology and premature mortality from it).
Music for One World: Moroccan Musical Experience of Diversity, Fusion, Happiness, Healing, and Peace
Authors: Reimer Mark
Published: August 2020

Although steeped in Islamic religion and culture, Morocco is a land of varying influences and histories, including those of the native Berbers, the Moors and Jews driven out of Spain, those who follow the pious Sufi culture of Islamic spiritualism, and the Gnawa slaves who were brought into southern Morocco by Arabs. The music, customs, values, and everyday lives of these disparate peoples continue to not only blend with each other’s but also to fuse Moroccan music and culture with those of Europe, Africa, and America. The influence of Moroccan music continues to play a vital role in shaping contemporary music, especially in the study of rhythm. Music that was once heard by voices, flutes, oboes, strings, bagpipes, auxiliary percussion, and drums—symbolic of Moroccan cultural identity--may now be heard on electric guitars, keyboards, and amplified voices in popular and modern music styles that reflect Morocco’s continuing efforts to be active players in the international community.
A Terrorist Threat Experienced by Student Youth
Authors:   Academy of Social Management, Kirsanova Veronika Gennadiyevna , Pavlenko Tatiana Andreyevna ,   Moscow City Pedagogical University
Published: August 2020

The paper discusses the problem of experiencing a terrorist threat in youth on the example of Moscow students. The authors reveal and justify the connection between the intensity of a terrorist threat emotion and the nature of coping behavior, basic beliefs, as well as the features of the socio-psychological personal adaptation of the research participants. The analysis of the results allowed the authors to draw conclusions about the intensity of the subjective experience of a terrorist threat, which for most of the respondents remains at an average level. It was also possible to establish the existence of a connection between the intensity of the experience of a terrorist threat and the nature of their basic beliefs (the higher the faith in the kindness and meaningfulness of the world, the more intense the emotions) and the characteristics of the socio-psychological adaptation of young people (the less young people tend to take responsibility, the more conformal and easily-led they are, the more difficult for them to live through a terrorist threat). The study revealed a tendency for two coping strategies to prevail: “escape-avoidance” (with a high level of emotions) and “self-control” (with a low level of emotions). The data obtained can be useful in situations of psychological counseling, psychotherapy, psychological assistance, as well as in the framework of the psychological services of educational organizations. In addition, the data can be used in training programs for specialists in assisting professions.
Psychological Aspects of Social Mobility of Modern Youth
Authors:   Institute of World Civilizations, Mazur Yelena Yurievna , Matveyeva Inna Petrovna ,   Institute of World Civilizations
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the modern approaches to the research of social mobility, in particular, of Russian youth. It is determined that the key aspects of the process of social mobility of an individual are the presence of certain psychological features and external objective factors that stimulate the transition of an individual from one social group to another. The role of value orientations, behavior motivation, interests, needs, perception features, level of education as well as the impact of mass media and belonging to a certain stratum on the possibility of social mobility of the younger generation are revealed. It is emphasized that higher education is a tool of vertical mobility, which forms labor values that generate labor activity and professional growth, is not in demand in the present reality due to the ongoing transformations in the economy. However, ambiguous access to development resources exacerbates inequality of opportunities for social mobility. The continuing orientation to the achievable type of values among young people, paired with discrimination on a basis of professional interests occurring in the existing realities, lack of demand, economic and social marginality, forms deprivation, lack of confidence, and generates social deviations.
Features of Valuable Orientations of Student Youth in Respect to Family, Homeland and Modern Society
Authors:   Siberian University of Consumer Cooperatives, Galynskaya Yuliya Sergeyevna , Korostelyova Natalya Aleksandrovna ,   Siberian University of Consumer Cooperatives
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the results of the research on the perception of the family, homeland, relation to saving family and country’s history problem, public activity of junior students, conducted on the basis of the Siberian University of Consumer Cooperation (Novosibirsk) in October–November, 2019. The studies have shown the duality of students’ attitude to the problem of traditions saving: on the one hand, the majority is interested in family history and aware of the necessity to transfer family traditions to new generations, on the other hand, the need to save their country’s history is not enough realized. Most students have a looser understanding of the family, but with regard to the transformation of the family institution, the share of traditionalists is growing. In matters of preserving their history, there are more respondents who defend traditional values than in relation to the institution of family and marriage.
The Role of Intellectual Operations in the Development of Imagination of Primary School Students
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Koroleva Ekaterina Konstantinovna , Neborsky Egor Valentinovich ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University
Published: August 2020

Imagination, as a psychological category, is associ-ated with cognitive processes and abilities and plays a significant role in the cognition of the surrounding reality. This issue seems to be especially important in primary school age, when educational activities become leading, and the cognitive sphere begins to actively develop. Despite the relevance of this topic in primary school and the requirements of the Fed-eral State Educational Standard, researchers may be confronted with the choice of diagnostic methods due to their limited selection in the domestic litera-ture or inconsistency with the present research ob-jectives. The paper systematizes the existing diag-nostic techniques depending on the types of imagi-nation. At the theoretical and methodological level, the role of intellectual operations is considered as conscious mental actions associated with the cogni-tion and resolution of the tasks facing the individual in the development of the imagination of younger students. The intellectual operations that are in-volved in creating new images are presented. Their formation in children of primary school age in edu-cational activities contributes to the development of imagination and productivity.
The Pedagogical Diagnosis of the Professional Formation of Students of a Technical University by Means of Engineering and Graphic Disciplines
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University, Vyalkova Oksana Sergeyevna , Sitnikova Svetlana Yuryevna ,   Far Eastern State Transport University
Published: August 2020

The relevance of the study of pedagogical diagnosis of the professional formation of students of a tech-nical university by means of engineering and graph-ic disciplines is determined by significant changes in the curriculum for the preparation of bachelors in the «Construction» direction, expressed in a signifi-cant reduction in hours for engineering and graphic preparation with an increased role in project activi-ties in the future. The content of pedagogical diag-nosis, corresponding to the set goal, is the devel-opment and implementation of assessment and diagnostic tools that contribute to the identification of criteria for assessing the professional develop-ment of students of a technical university in the process of engineering and graphic preparation. In the presented paper, the authors considered the theoretical aspect of the problems of pedagogical diagnosis, the development of assessment and di-agnostic tools, the identification of its criteria, the content of each criterion and its focus. In accord-ance with the content and orientation of the criteria for the assessment and diagnostic tools of the pro-fessional development of students of a technical university by means of engineering and graphic dis-ciplines, the filling of each criterion is proposed.
Formation of Communicative Competence at Different Levels of Qualification of Students of Economic Universities
Authors:   Financial University under  the Government of the Russian Federation, Tarasova Lyudmila Yurevna
Published: August 2020

Training of a specialist in a modern university of economics is impossible without competence for-mation in the professional sphere and foreign lan-guage proficiency. The effectiveness of such train-ing becomes possible only when the foreign lan-guage training is correctly organized at all stages of three-level training. It involves the knowledge, skills and experience necessary to confirm professional activity. This also includes redirection of the entire educational process to improve the communicative competence as a necessary component of the pro-fessional activity of students of non-linguistic uni-versities. The article considers the content, essence and structure of the concept of "communicative competence", justifies the need for active formation and development of various types of its compo-nents (forms) in the process of foreign language training at different levels of qualification: bache-lor`s degree programme, master`s degree pro-gramme, postgraduate programme.
Accounting Age Features as a Condition of Pedagogical Supply for First-year Students’ Adaptation in a Multi-Level Educational Complex
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Ostapenko Nataliya Alexandrovna
Published: August 2020

The paper substantiates the role of successful adap-tation of first-year students in mastering their future profession. The age-related features of college and university students, their influence on the course of adaptation processes are revealed. The personal characteristics of students as representatives of a special social group are characterized. Particular attention is paid to the system of value orientations in a given age period, as well as to the main forms of interpersonal communication and behavior. The features of students' value orientations, their signifi-cance and degree are revealed. The results of the study of the value orientations of first-year students of Penza State Technological University (level of HE) and the Technological College, which is part of the multi-level educational complex of PenzGTU, are highlighted. The analysis of the data is carried out. Recommendations are formulated on the pedagogi-cal supply of successful socio-psychological and educational-professional adaptation of first-year students to the educational environment of a multi-level educational organization, taking into account the age characteristics of students.
The Main Trends in the Development of Social Innovation Centers in Russia
Authors:   Kuzbass State  Technical University in Novokuznetsk, Kuznetsova Yulia Alexandrovna
Published: August 2020

The paper dwells upon the study of the develop-ment trends of the Social Innovation Centers (SIC) in the Russian Federation, which are leaders in their field of activity. The aim of the work was to systema-tize the strategic directions of the work of the lead-ing centers, which can become a vector of develop-ment of SIC in other regions. This will increase the efficiency of the centers. The leadership is identified on the basis of the system of quality indicators of the SIC activity formed by the author. It was revealed that leading social innovation centers can be found in 10 regions (Arkhangelsk, Bryansk, Kemerovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod, Omsk regions, Kabar-dino-Balkarian Republic, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of Mordovia, Krasnoyarsk Territory) and in Moscow. In the course of the study, the au-thor concluded that the development trends of the Centers can be divided into: internal (due to the characteristics of the center itself) and external (due to the nature of the interaction with the external environment).
Assessment of the Quality of Medical Care to the Population and a Set of Proposals to Improve the Health of Citizens
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences, Migunova Yuliya Vladimirovna
Published: August 2020

This paper examines the health status of the popula-tion of Russia, viewed through the category of pub-lic health, at the same time understood as a system of practical measures affecting the healthcare sec-tor. The quality of medical care for the population was assessed as part of a study of the statistical indicator of the newly detected incidence. For in-stance, for the period of 2005–2018, it increased by 5,2 %. At the same time, the increase in the indicator for certain classes of diseases reached more than 40 % in some positions. The results of a sociological study conducted in 2018 by the Institute of Social and Economic Research of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences made it possible to form a definite idea of the effectiveness of the healthcare system in the city of Ufa. The sur-vey showed that for the majority of respondents (64,6 %), frequent queues in medical institutions, the inability to see a doctor at a convenient time (47,1 %), and the poor organization of the registry (37,6 %) seriously reduce accessibility and effective-ness of medical care. The growing incidence of the population, as well as the problems of providing effective medical care, in particular, organizational difficulties in the activities of medical institutions, which, in our opinion, are no less important than the professionalism of medical personnel, emphasize the urgency of the issue of public health. In this regard, the directions of managerial influence are proposed to contribute to the satisfactory develop-ment of the domestic health care system.
Risk Factors of Maternal Nutrition Status During Pregnancy to Stunting in Toddlers Aged 12-59 Months
Authors: Fitriani Hemi , R Achmad Setya , Nurdiana Popy
Published: August 2020

Maternal nutrition status during pregnancy highly contributed to risk factors of stunting among children. Bone ossification approximately begins in the sixth weeks of embryonic development and continues to the end of pregnancy. However, inadequate nutrient supply in pregnant women harmed fetal growth. The study aimed to identify the association between pregnant women’s nutrition status and stunting. The case-control study using the retrospective design involved mothers with children aged 12-59 months. A proportional random sampling technique was applied to select participants. The sample was 80 toddlers, divided into 40 stunted, and 40 non-stunted toddlers. Data were taken from 27 April to 3 May 2019 through observations following the Mother and Child Health handbook and children's height. Weight gain calculation during pregnancy determined the maternal nutrition status, referred to as maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index. The univariate analysis used frequency distribution, while bivariate analysis used the chi-square test. This study obtained approval from The Health Research Ethics Committee of the Institute of Health Science of General Achmad Yani, Cimahi. The mothers' poor nutritional status caused as many as 85% of stunted toddlers' prevalence during pregnancy. Results showed that maternal nutritional status during pregnancy was significantly associated with stunting among children (p-value: 0.000). The OR value was 13,222, which means children born to mothers with inadequate nutrient supply during pregnancy were more likely to be stunted as much as 13,222 times, than children born to mothers who had good nutrient supply. It is recommended that health workers prevent stunting from pregnancy by providing supplementary food to pregnant women, and promoting the health of the maternal nutritional status during pregnancy. Suggestions for pregnant women is to increase nutrient intake and nutritional status during pregnancy to prevent stunting in children.
Research on the Infringement of Citizens' Privacy Rights by Human Flesh Search in China
Authors: LI Meixiang
Published: August 2020

Human flesh search, as a special way of information search，has more and more influence on modern people's life and work. On the one hand, human flesh search does have its positive influences. Some public officials have been removed from their positions after human flesh searches led to corruption investigations. But if human flesh search is abused, it is very likely to infringe on citizens' privacy. To resist the negative effects of human flesh search, China must improve relevant legislation, strengthen network supervision and enhance citizens' self-protection awareness.
Distribución y concentración de elementos traza en aguas superficiales y subterráneas del arroyo El Pescado, Argentina
Authors: Delgado Maria Isabel , Carol Eleonora , Di Lello Claudia , Mac Donagh Maria Elicia
Published: August 2020

La cuenca del arroyo El Pescado, ubicada en el noreste bonaerense, desde principios de siglo atraviesa un proceso de cambio en el uso del suelo. El objetivo del trabajo fue realizar un diagnóstico sobre la distribución y cuantificación de elementos traza en el recurso hídrico de la cuenca, en relación con los diferentes usos del agua. Se utilizó una red de monitoreo de agua superficial y agua subterránea somera y profunda. Se determinó el contenido de elementos traza mediante un equipo ICP-MS. Las mayores concentraciones de elementos traza correspondieron al agua subterránea somera y las menores al agua subterránea profunda. En el acuífero freático  el As y el Fe superaron los límites permitidos para abastecimiento de agua potable. En tanto que el V y el Zn superaron los límites para uso agropecuario en el acuífero freático y agua superficial. En las aguas superficiales el Cu, Pb y Zn excedieron los límites de protección para la vida acuática en todos los sitios, mientras que el V sólo en la cuenca media y parte de la cuenca baja.
Abundancia de nematodos marinos de vida libre en relación con las características fisicoquímicas de sedimentos experimentales y naturales
Authors: Lo Russo Virginia , Ferrando Agustina , Commendatore Marta , Pastor Catalina
Published: August 2020

Los nematodos han sido ampliamente utilizados para evaluar diferentes tipos de disturbios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la abundancia de la comunidad de nematodos marinos de vida libre en condiciones in situ y ex situ con el fin de evaluar el efecto de las condiciones experimentales ensayadas en el laboratorio. Para ello, se colectaron muestras de sedimento (n=4) en 3 sitios del golfo San Jorge (GSJ) con diferente historia de contaminación y se las incubó en el laboratorio bajo condiciones controladas de luz, aire y temperatura durante 45 días. Al finalizar este período, se analizaron las muestras del tratamiento ex situ y se colectaron otras cuatro muestras en los sitios estudiados (in situ). Luego se comparó la abundancia de nematodos y las características de los sedimentos entre ambos sets de muestras. Restinga Alí y Playa Alsina mostraron un aumento de la abundancia de nematodos (más de 300% y 600%, respectivamente) en las condiciones fisicoquímicas registradas ex situ respecto de in situ, mientras que Punta Gravina presentó una disminución (menor al 40%). Los resultados mostraron un efecto de las condiciones experimentales ensayadas en el laboratorio sobre la fauna de nematodos, el cual fue más evidente en los sedimentos provenientes de sitios sin historia previa de contaminación.
Influencia de monocultivos forestales y un pastizal nativo sobre propiedades bioquímicas y físicas en la llanura pampeana
Authors: Cristobal Míguez Ana Eva Josefina , Pacheco Rudz Erika O. , Sarti Gabriela
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la influencia de dos monocultivos forestales exóticos y un pastizal nativo sobre ciertas propiedades bioquímicas y física de un suelo en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Se seleccionaron tres tipos de cubiertas vegetales: Pino (Pinus elliottii Engelm), Eucalipto (Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden) y un pastizal nativo. Se midieron las siguientes propiedades bioquímicas: carbono de respiración, glomalina total, carbono orgánico, y físicas: estabilidad de los agregados del suelo. Se encontraron mayores valores de respiración bajo la influencia del pastizal, mientras que la glomalina total, mostró mayores valores en suelos forestales. Los valores de estabilidad estructural tendieron a ser mayores en el suelo bajo la influencia del Pino. Se encontró una vinculación positiva entre los valores de glomalina y estabilidad estructural hallados bajo la influencia de las especies forestales en estudio con respecto al pastizal nativo. Los resultados sugieren que una estructura más estable del suelo no es suficiente para generar un mayor desarrollo microbiano.
Factors Affecting Colonization of English Boxwood by Paecilomyces buxi Related to Root and Stem Rot Development
Authors: Bower L.A. , Wills W.H. , Lambe R.C.
Published: August 2020

English boxwood (Buxus sempervirens var. suffruticosa L.) plants were grown in the greenhouse in association with rhizomes of bromegrass and bindweed. Rhizomes of both species were colonized by Paecilomyces buxi. Boxwood plants showed symptoms-similar to decline of field grown plants, and boxwood roots were colonized by P. buxi. Rooted cuttings of boxwood subjected to temperatures gradually reduced to −5C (23F) were uniformly colonized by P. buxi in basal stem lesions where the fungus sporulated at the surface of the stems. Some implications for root-rot development and spread of P. buxi related to environmental stress factors are suggested.
Resistance of Acacia to the Acacia Psyllid, Psylla uncatoides
Authors: Koehler C.S. , Moore W.S. , Coate B.
Published: August 2020

Thirty-one species of Acacia were quantitatively evaluated in the field at San Jose, CA, for resistance to the acacia psyllid, Psylla uncatoides (Ferris and Klyver). This insect causes foliage necrosis and dieback of the tips of susceptible Acacia. A few species exhibited no infestation by the insect, many were found highly to moderately resistant, and several were confirmed highly susceptible. Propagation and use of horticulturally desirable species of Acacia, locally adapted and with high resistance to the psyllid, are recommended where this pest occurs.
Effects of Wounding and Auxin Treatment on Rooting Stem Cuttings of Fraser's Photinia
Authors: Blazich Frank A. , Bonaminio Vincent P.
Published: August 2020

Light or heavy wounding applied to stem cuttings of Fraser's photinia (Photinia x fraseri Dress) had little effect on stimulating rooting. The greatest response from wounding was realized when used in combination with a 5000 or 10,000 ppm indolebutyric acid (IBA) solution. Satisfactory rooting, however, was attained by IBA treatment alone.
Mulches: Durability, Aesthetic Value, Weed Control, and Temperature
Authors: Skroch W.A. , Powell M.A. , Bilderback T.E. , Henry P.H.
Published: August 2020

Five organic mulches (pine bark, hardwood bark, cedar chips, longleaf pine needles, shortleaf pine needles), used alone or in combination with two inorganic mulches (black polyethylene, woven polypropylene), were evaluated over two years for weed control, durability, aesthetic value, and influence upon soil temperature. Organic mulches reduced total weed counts by 50% compared to control plots. and underlaying organic mulches with polyethylene resulted in complete control. Polypropylene, used in combination with organic mulch, was ineffective in controlling perennial weed species. Pine bark was the most durable organic mulch, requiring the least replenishment (70% initial volume) after 630 days. Durability of organic mulches increased when underlaid with polyethylene. Longleaf pine needles were rated most attractive, and underlying organic materials with either polyethylene or polypropylene enhanced appearance. Organic mulches reduced maximum daily temperatures at the soil surface by 2.2–3.3°C (4–6°F) and increased minimum daily temperatures by 1.1–2.2°C (2–4°F). However, the type of organic mulch did not affect temperatures at the soil surface.
Deer Damage to Landscape Plants in New York State: Perceptions of Nursery Producers, Landscape Firms, and Homeowners
Authors: Sayre R.W. , Decker D.J. , Good G.L.
Published: August 2020

Damage to landscape plants by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Raf.) is widespread in many areas in the northeastern U. S. A mail survey to assess the extent and impact of deer damage to nursery producers, landscape firms and homeowners was conducted in suburban areas of southeastern and western New York in 1989. About two-thirds of producers and landscape firms, and slightly fewer than one-fourth of homeowners reported damage by deer during 1988. Yews, (Taxus spp.) and white cedar, (Thuja occidentalis L.), were listed most frequently by respondents as plants damaged by deer. The majority of respondents believed that damage was most severe during winter or spring. Some producers and homeowners reported severe economic losses from deer damage. Use of damage prevention was widespread among respondents who had experiences with deer and deer damage. Browse-resistant plants, such as spruce (Picea spp.), juniper (Juniperus spp.), andromeda (Pieris spp.), and boxwood (Buxus spp.) were used by some respondents. Many people also wanted additional information and research to improve damage prevention. Damage to landscape plants was a primary concern to a majority of producers, but was less of a concern to landscape firms and homeowners. Instead, these latter groups were most concerned about risks they associated with deer such as Lyme disease or deer-vehicle collisions.