bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEY PROBLEMS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN MODERN RUSSIAN CONDITIONS
Authors:   Institute of Social and Economic Researches, SADYKOV R.M. , BOLSHAKOVA N.L. ,   Bashkir State University
Published: September 2022

The article deals with the main problems of older people in the conditions of modern Russian reality. The relevance of the stated topic of scientific research is due to the increase in the proportion of older people in society. Advances in healthcare, an increase in the level and quality of life, an increase in life expectancy, and a decrease in the birth rate have led to a significant increase in the proportion of elderly people in the structure of society. With the help of comparative, sociological and statistical methods, the current position of older people in society, their main problems, standard of living and well-being were analyzed. It has been determined that elderly citizens, as a specific socio-demographic group, are characterized by their psychological characteristics, the presence of certain problems, different levels of health, education and a wide variety of interests. The main problems, as a rule, inherent in this category of the population are singled out: deterioration in health, mental and emotional state, loneliness, low standard of living and well-being. The level and quality of life of the older generation is also important in shaping their physical well-being and mental state. According to the Natixis study, the Russian Federation ranks 38th out of 44, which is one of the last in the ranking of the well-being of older people. Therefore, one of the most important problems in the life of Russian pensioners is the low level of material support. For most older people, pensions are the main source of income. The size of state pensions is insufficient to pay for the growing costs of medicines, food, housing and communal services. Good health is a priority in a person's life, but in old age, health deteriorates significantly, which leads to the emergence of medical and social problems. According to statistics, as a result of examination, each aged person has from 3 to 8 chronic diseases, as well as the presence of such body disorders that lead to disability. Cardiovascular disease, respiratory system disease, vision problems, amnesia, diabetes are the most common ailments in older people.
LAWNS OF UFA (BASHKORTOSTAN REPUBLIC)
Authors:   South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute, ANISHCHENKO I.E. , ZHIGUNOV O. YU. ,   South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute, VALIULLINA G.R. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: September 2022

The present work reflects the results of studying two types of lawns - seeded and rolled. More than 100 geobotanical descriptions of lawns were performed in all areas of the settlement zone of the city. The conducted research showed that vegetation of lawns of Ufa quite poor and includes only 4 associations - LeontodontoPoetum pratensis, Inulo britannicae-Trifolietum repentis, Poo pratensis-Plantaginetum majoris, Lolietum perennis which are carried to the union of Cynosurion cristati of the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The vegetation of rolled and seeded lawns does not differ significantly. It is noted that the most represented species of the three families are Asteraceae ( Achillea millefolium, Taraxacum officinale , etc.), Poaceae ( Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, etc.) and Fabaceae ( Amoria repens, Medicago lupulina etс.). As part of the studied lawns, we identified foreign ( Lactuca serriola, Berteroa incana , etc.) and aggressive invasive ( Erigeron annuus, Hordeum jubatum, Solidago canadensis ) plant species. The change in the composition of lawn communities compared to the data of the 1980s is associated with the use of modern grass mixtures containing other species of cereals.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cardioprotection: A Novel Application to Prevent Myocardial Injury
Authors: Yang Shaokang , Li Jialin , Tang Mingbo , Gao Xinliang , Liu Wei , Wei Shixiong
Published: September 2022

Perioperative myocardial injury is a common complication caused by major surgery. Many pharmacological and nonpharmacological studies have investigated perioperative cardioprotection. However, the methods are insufficient to meet the increasing clinical needs for cardioprotection. The application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes (MSC-Exos) is a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy and has significantly benefitted patients suffering from various diseases. In this review, we comprehensively analyzed the application of MSC-Exos to prevent myocardial infarction/injury by regulating inflammatory reactions, inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy, promoting angiogenesis, and mediating cardiac remodeling. Finally, we assessed the therapeutic effects and the challenges associated with the application of MSC-Exos from a clinical perspective.
Are Medicare Funded Multidisciplinary Care Policies Being Claimed in accordance to Rehabilitation Needs in Patients with Stroke?
Authors: Snowdon David A , Ung David , Collyer Taya A , Lannin Natasha A , Kilkenny Monique F , Thrift Amanda G. , Sundararajan Vijaya , Cadilhac Dominique A , Andrew Nadine E
Published: September 2022

Background: Australian Primary Care Practitioners are incentivised through Medicare funded policies to provide chronic disease management and facilitate multidisciplinary care. Little is known about how these policies are claimed in the long-term management of stroke. The objective of this study was to describe the use of funded primary care policies for people with stroke by impairment status. Methods: Linked Australian Stroke Clinical Registry (2010–2014) and Medicare data from adults with 90–180 days post-stroke EQ-5D health status survey data and admitted to one of 26 participating Australian hospitals were analysed. Medicare item claims for Primary Care Practitioner led chronic disease management and multidisciplinary care coordination policies, during the 18 months following stroke are described. Registrants were classified into impairment groups using their EQ-5D dimension responses through Latent Class Analysis. Associations between impairment and use of relevant primary care policies were explored using multivariable regression. Results: 5432 registrants were included (median age 74 years, 44% female, 86% ischaemic), 39% had a chronic disease management claim and 39% a multidisciplinary care coordination claim. Three latent classes emerged representing minimal, moderate and severe impairment. Compared to minimal, those with severe impairment were least likely to receive chronic disease management (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 0.61, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.49, 0.75) but were most likely to receive multidisciplinary care coordination. Podiatry was the commonest allied health service prescribed, regardless of impairment. Conclusions: Less than half of people living with stroke had a claim for primary care initiated chronic disease management, with mixed access for those with severe impairments.
Preconditions for Scientific-Technological Revolutions: a Comparative Analysis of the Innovative Conditions of European and Chinese Civilizations
Authors: Kuzenkova Marina , Semenov Vitalij
Published: September 2022

This article examines the «Needham paradox» in terms of comparing the ability of European and Chinese civilizations to create, spread, and implement innovations. The subject of this research is the factor of innovative conditions, which influence the ability of society to make a scientific-technological revolution. The methodology of comparative analysis includes six criteria for assessing innovative conditions the history of Chinese and European civilizations: factors of vertical and horizontal generation of scientific and technological progress, innovative tolerance, innovative inclusiveness, innovative adaptation, and the innovative threshold factor. The scientific novelty consists in the study of the history of Europe and China in the period before the Opium Wars from the standpoint of the theory of innovation.
Deconstructing Wisdom through a Cultural Lens: Folk Understandings of Wisdom and its Ontology in the Philippines and Sri Lanka
Authors: Amarasuriya Santushi , Salanga Maria Guadalupe , Llorin Charisse , Morales Marie Rose Henson , Jayawickreme Eranda , Grossmann Igor
Published: September 2022

In many contemporary societies, misinformation, epistemic arrogance, and intergroup conflict pose serious threats to social cohesion and well-being. Wisdom may offer a potential antidote to these problems, with a recently identified Common Wisdom Model (CWM) suggesting that wisdom involves epistemic virtues such as intellectual humility, openness to change, and perspective-taking. However, it is unclear whether these virtues are central for folk concepts of wisdom in non-Western contexts. We explored this question by conducting focus group discussions with 174 participants from the Philippines and Sri Lanka, two countries facing socio-political and economic challenges. We found that epistemic themes were common in both countries, but more so when participants were asked to define wisdom in general terms rather than to describe how it is acquired or expressed in daily lives. Moreover, epistemic themes were more prevalent among Filipino than Sri Lankan participants, especially when the questions posed were abstract rather than concrete. We discuss how these findings relate to the CWM and the socio-cultural contexts of the two countries, and suggest that question format should be considered in cross-cultural research on wisdom.
Faire du sur-place sans jamais pouvoir prendre place : l’interminable arrivée de jeunes maghrébins sans-papiers à Genève
Authors: Fneich Sahar , Felder Maxime , Stavo-Debauge Joan
Published: September 2022

Cet article analyse l’expérience de jeunes Maghrébins nouvellement arrivés à Genève. Précarisés par leur parcours d’errance, sans statut légal, ils trouvent à Genève une infrastructure d’accueil qui leur permet de se nourrir et de dormir au chaud. Cependant, cette hospitalité a un coût : elle leur demande de suivre un parcours quotidien déterminé et rythmé par les services délivrés à heures fixes dans différents lieux d’accueil. Ce mode de vie combine mobilité et immobilité, donnant aux nouveaux arrivants l’impression de faire du surplace. Ceux-ci s’aménagent alors des échappatoires, notamment dans des conduites délictuelles, mais trouvent rarement d’autre issue que de reprendre la route. Nous analyserons ici les caractéristiques de cette hospitalité particulière à travers quatre épreuves qu’ils rencontrent : se familiariser, habiter, gagner sa vie, et se projeter. Ce qui rend ces épreuves souvent insurmontables tient tant dans l’orientation et l’organisation de l’infrastructure d’accueil que dans la situation spécifique de ce groupe de jeunes sans-papiers.
Back Onside protocol: A physical activity intervention to improve health outcomes in people who are unemployed or at-risk of unemployment
Authors: Lewańczyk Agata Marta , Langham-Walsh Eleanor , Edwards Lisa , Branney Peter , Walters Elizabeth , Mitchell Paul , Vaportzis Eleftheria
Published: September 2022

A better understanding of how physical activity interventions may impact the mental and physical health of people who are unemployed or at-risk of unemployment is needed. The current paper details the protocol used in the evaluation of the Back Onside Programme; a community-based programme delivered by the Bradford Bulls Foundation in the Bradford District. The Programme supports people from low socio-economic backgrounds who are unemployed or at-risk of unemployment to maintain regular physical activity through a ten-week physical activity intervention. This pilot study evaluates how a physical activity intervention may impact the mental and physical health of people who are unemployed or at-risk of unemployment in an uncontrolled pragmatic pilot study. Four cohorts run back-to-back between May 2021 and May 2022, with separate groups for men (N = 100) and women (N = 60). Physical and wellbeing assessment at baseline and post-intervention is conducted. If the intervention works in this context for these individuals , it will be a promising low-cost community-based intervention for people who are unemployed or at-risk of unemployment.
The experiences of COVID-19 preprint authors: A survey of researchers about publishing and receiving feedback on their work during the pandemic
Authors: Rzayeva Narmin , Henriques Susana Oliveira , Pinfield Stephen , Waltman Ludo
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a rise in preprinting, triggered by the need for open and rapid dissemination of research outputs. We surveyed authors of COVID-19 preprints to learn about their experiences with preprinting their work and also with publishing their work in a peer-reviewed journal. Our research had the following objectives: 1. to learn about authors’ experiences with preprinting, their motivations, and future intentions; 2. to consider preprints in terms of their effectiveness in enabling authors to receive feedback on their work; 3. to compare the impact of feedback on preprints with the impact of comments of editors and reviewers on papers submitted to journals.In our survey, 78% of the new adopters of preprinting reported the intention to also preprint their future work. The boost in preprinting may therefore have a structural effect that will last after the pandemic, although future developments will also depend on other factors, including the broader growth in the adoption of open science practices.53% of the respondents reported that they had received feedback on their preprints. However, more than half of the feedback was received through “closed” channels – privately to the authors. This means that preprinting was a useful way to receive feedback on research, but the value of feedback could be increased further by facilitating and promoting “open” channels for preprint feedback. Almost a quarter of the feedback received by respondents consisted of detailed comments, showing the potential of preprint feedback to provide valuable comments on research.Respondents also reported that, compared to preprint feedback, journal peer review was more likely to lead to major changes to their work, suggesting that journal peer review provides significant added value compared to feedback received on preprints.
Glandular density distribution in digital mammography
Authors: Jha Anamika , Panta Ritu , Lall Shrestha Shanta
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the breast density distribution in digital mammography of patients.

Materials and Methods

This prospective study was performed in the Department of Radiology and Imaging of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH). Data was collected over a period of 4 months from July to October 2019 and included one hundred and seventy patients who came for diagnostic or screening mammography, which was recorded as indication for the test. Appropriate statistical methods were used for analysis.

Results

The mean age of women included in this study was 48.09 ± 9.13 years. Nearly 43% of the patients had dense breasts. According to Breast Imaging, Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) classification of lesions, maximum mammograms i.e.,77.7% were normal or benign while 4.7% were BIRADS category 0 and 17.7% were of BIRADS category 3, 4 or 5. A negative correlation was observed between age and breast density category. The relationship between breast density and BIRADS category or indication for the test was insignificant while a weak correlation was observed between it and mammographic findings.

Conclusion

Our study showed an inverse linear relationship between age and mammographic density which is consistent with the fact that mammography has higher sensitivity in older age group usually with lesser density. No or weak correlation was present between breast density and BIRADS category, indication or findings on mammography. All patients in BIRADS 0 category had dense breasts.
Oxygen saturation at different altitudes in Nepal among adults
Authors: Shrestha Sabina , Manoranjan Aparajita , Man Shrestha Sushan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere decreases proportionately with an increase in the altitude. The study was done to compare the oxygen saturation of non-acclimatized adults going to different altitudes in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational study conducted on ten individuals of a medical team traveling to Humla district of Nepal for a multi-disciplinary medical camp. Oxygen saturation was measured at different altitudes i.e. in Kathmandu, Nepalgunj, in the flight at an altitude of 3360 meters and in Bargaun village of Humla district located at an altitude of 3300 meters. Mean pulse oximetry reading was calculated and compared.
Results: Among the participants, age ranged from 24-57 years. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The mean SPO2 at Nepalgunj, Kathmandu, Bargaun of Humla and in the flight (at an altitude of 3360 meters) were 99.67 %, 97%, 91% and 87.4% respectively among the study participants. However, the difference in Oxygen saturation values at different altitudes among different gender and different age was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Oxygen saturation decreased linearly with the rise in altitude among all the study participants irrespective of age and gender.
VISUALIZADOR DE ÁGUA E SOLO: UMA FERRAMENTA DE SUPORTE AO GERENCIAMENTO DE RECURSOS NATURAIS E SUA APLICABILIDADE EM SISTEMAS MULTIAGENTE
Authors: Mota Fernanda Pinto , Gonçalves Matheus , Adamatti Diana Francisca , Aguiar Marilton Sanchotene de
Published: September 2022

Os recursos e serviços hídricos estão diretamente ligados ao crescimento econômico e à sustentabilidade ambiental. Devido a isso, é importante aperfeiçoarmos a coleta, a análise e a percepção dos processos físicos da água. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar e avaliar como a plataforma Google Earth Engine pode auxiliar no contexto de análise de dados em recursos hídricos, bem como realizar a integração inicial com a técnica de Sistemas multiagente, de forma a obter um sistema dinâmico e bastante similar a realidade dos sistemas ambientais. O GEE integra as tecnologias presentes em sistemas de informação geográficas, tornando-a interessante para o desenvolvimento de aplicações voltadas para os recursos naturais, e os sistemas multiagente buscam integrar aspectos comportamentais/humanos aos sistemas computacionais. O estudo de caso desta pesquisa foi aplicado no gerenciamento de recursos hídricos da bacia hidrográfica da Lagoa Mirim e Canal São Gonçalo. Os dados disponibilizados são uma ferramenta de suporte ao Comitê de Gerenciamento das Bacias Hidrográficas, que pode entender e analisar esta região de forma mais completa.
Palavras-chave: recursos naturais; recursos hídricos; uso do solo; ferramentas computacionais.
 
Water and soil viewer: a support tool to the management of natural resources
 
ABSTRACT: Researchers linked water resources and services directly to economic growth and environmental sustainability. In this way, it is essential to store, analyze and understand the water's physical processes. This work aims to identify and validate how the platform Google Earth Engine (GEE) can assist in the analysis of data in water resources, as well as perform the initial integration with the technique of Multi-agent Systems, in order to obtain a dynamic system and quite similar to the reality of environmental systems. GEE integrates the technologies present in geographic information systems, making it interesting to develop applications aimed at natural resources and multi-agent systems aim to integrate behavioral/human aspects into computer systems. We applied the case study of this research to manage water resources of the hydrographic basin of Lagoa Mirim and Canal São Gonçalo. The data available is a tool to support the Hydrographic Basin Management Committee, which can understand and analyze this region in a more complete way.
Keywords: natural resources; hydric resources; land use; computational tools.
Las cifras de la enseÃ±anza universitaria en InformaciÃ³n y DocumentaciÃ³n en EspaÃ±a: 2022
Authors: De-la-Moneda Mercedes , Arroyo-Machado Wenceslao
Published: September 2022

Se ofrece una radiografÃ­a del estado de la enseÃ±anza universitaria de la InformaciÃ³n y DocumentaciÃ³n en EspaÃ±a. Se aportan datos estadÃ­sticos sobre el nÃºmero y tipo de enseÃ±anzas describiendo los centros existentes, los niveles de estudios y aportando datos estadÃ­sticos sobre el nÃºmero de estudiantes que los cursan y el de profesores que los imparten.
Correlation Between Vitamin D and Degenerative Joint Disorders: Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Moncada Gustavo , Moncada Gustavo , Díaz Mujica Gabriela , Valdés Constanza
Published: September 2022

Objective: Evaluate the evidence of the clinical correlation between vitamin D and symptomatic degenerative joint disease.
Methods: A systematic search and meta-analysis was conducted of randomized controlled studies (RCTs) published in between January 1st, 2010, and March 30th, 2020 on five different databases. The study population consisted of adult patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis; the intervention was vitamin D; the comparison was placebo, and the outcomes included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) (pain, function, stiffness), tibial cartilage volume, synovial tissue volume (STV), subchondral bone marrow lesion (BML) volume, effusion-synovitis, serum vitamin D3 levels, serological inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers levels and adverse events.
Results: Nine RCTs involving 2,168 patients were included in this study. Pooled estimates suggested that vitamin D supplementation was associated with reduction in WOMAC pain (Std. Mean=1.08(0.90, 1.25); I2=99%; p=0.00001), function (Mean=1.1(0.92, 1.27); I2=99%; p=0.00001), stiffness (Std. mean= 0.72(0.54, 0.90); I2=98%; p=0.00001) and synovial effusion in the suprapatellar pouch numbers. There was no significant difference in tibial cartilage volume incidence (Std. Mean=0.26(0.44, 0.80); I2=99%; p=0.00001), STV, BML volume, inflammatory biomarkers and adverse events between the vitamin D and the placebo groups.
Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation was effective in improving WOMAC pain and function in patients with knee OA and also improved serological vitamin D levels. However, it had no beneficial effect on structural cartilage change or inflammatory biomarker reduction. Therefore, there is currently a lack of evidence on vitamin D regimen dosage and length to obtain benefits in preventing knee disease progression.
AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE OPERATION OF RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY SOURCES USING A DECISION TREE ALGORITHM
Authors: Kiktev N. , Osypenko V. , Panasiuk М. , Molitvin Ye.
Published: September 2022

Effectively addressing the new challenges of renewable energy management requires innovations in power system modeling, operation and management. Through the efficient use of renewable energy sources, control systems are able to meet load demand and minimize energy costs.

The aim of the study is to develop and create a distributed information system for analyzing, processing and storing meteorological data, improving the methodology for choosing the most efficient source of electricity, calculating and forecasting energy consumption indicators.

The article describes the developed information system for the efficient use of renewable energy sources, which provides storage of meteorological information and decision-making on the appropriateness of using an energy source. Weather information is represented by the number of the station from which information is transmitted, the date and time of the research, the ultraviolet index, the wind power index, and the coordinate on the map. The operator has the ability to perform weather analysis for each station separately to plan the efficient operation of renewable electrical energy. The calculation of the power of the generated energy is performed, and its prediction is also performed based on the ARIMA model. The database is built on a relational data model, the PHP programming language and the phpMyAdmin DBMS were used to develop the application. Also, the Internet services Google Map API (to determine the coordinates of the location of the source of renewable energy of the settlement) and weatherbit.io (to determine the weather) were used.
OPTIMIZATION OF START-UP POWER MODE OF ROTATION MECHANISM OF MANIPULATOR CRANE WITH A CYLINDRICAL ARTICULATED LOAD SUSPENSION
Authors: LOVEIKIN V. S. , ROMASEVYCH YU. O. , ZŁOTO T. , LIASHKO A. P. , DIACHENKO O. O.
Published: September 2022

The problem of increasing the efficiency of the crane-manipulator by choosing the modes of movement of the swing mechanism drive during the startup process discussed in this article. Significant dynamic loads occur during the operation of manipulator cranes in the areas of transient processes. They lead to the swinging of the load on the articulated suspension. It leads to a decrease in the performance and reliability of the crane, as well as an increase in the energy consumption of the slewing mechanism drive. Optimization of the mode of movement of the mechanism of rotation of the crane-manipulator is carried out by minimizing the integral dynamic criterion, which is the root-mean-square value of the driving moment of the drive during the transition process. As a result of the optimization, a mode of starting the mechanism for turning the crane-manipulator was found, which reduces to a minimum power loading and fluctuations of the load on a hinged suspension in the radial direction. The obtained optimal start mode of the turning mechanism made it possible to increase the productivity and reliability of the crane-manipulator, as well as to reduce the energy costs of the drive.
Predictive Power of Hemorrhagic Transformation Scores in Real Life Stroke Patients Undergone to Urgent Reperfusion: A Brief Report
Authors: Masotti Luca
Published: September 2022

Introduction and aim: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is the most feared complication in acute phase of ischemic stroke. Predicting HT is of utmost importance in clinical practice. In the latest years a lot of HT prediction scores have been proposed, but their comparison in real life lack. Therefore, the aim of our study was to provide information about this topic. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively calculated THRIVE, SPAN-100, MSS score, SITS-ICH and GRASPS scores in patients consecutively admitted in our Stroke Unit along two years. To evaluate their predictive power, the area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated. Results: Study population was composed by ninety-one patients (51.6% females) with mean age 80.1 ± 11.3 years. Seventy-four (81.3%) patients undergone to systemic intravenous alteplase, seven (7.7%) to mechanical thrombectomy, ten (11%) to systemic intravenous alteplase plus mechanical thrombectomy. Eighteen patients (19.7%) presented HT. MSS score was the best prognosticator of HT, however the predictive power of the five analyzed score was low, ranging from and none of the score resulted significantly superior to the others. Conclusion: Our real-life study showed a low predictive power of a lot of HT prediction scores. Further prospective studies are warranted.
ZEB1 loss increases glioma stem cell tumorigenicity and resistance to chemoradiation
Authors: Hanna George K. , Madany Mecca , Tay Angelique Sao-Mai Sy , Edwards Lincoln A. , Kim Sungjin , Michael Justin S. , Nuno Miriam , Thomas Tom , Li Aiguo , Berel Dror , Black Keith L. , Fan Xuemo , Zhang Wei , Rudnick Jeremy D. , Wang Rongfu , Yu John S.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Glioblastoma has been known to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, whereas the underlying mechanisms of resistance have not been fully elucidated. The authors studied the role of the transcription factor ZEB1 (zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 protein), which is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is central to the stemness of glioblastoma, to determine its role in therapeutic resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. The authors previously demonstrated that ZEB1 is deleted in a majority of glioblastomas.

METHODS

The authors explored resistance to therapy in the context of ZEB1 loss and overexpression in glioma stem cells (GSCs) and in patient data.

RESULTS

Patients with ZEB1 loss had a shorter survival time than patients with wild-type ZEB1 in both the high- and low-MGMT groups. Consistent with the clinical data, mice implanted with ZEB1 knockdown GSCs showed shortened survival compared with mice inoculated with nonsilencing control (NS) short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) GSC glioblastoma. ZEB1-deleted GSCs demonstrated increased tumorigenicity with regard to proliferation and invasion. Importantly, GSCs that lose ZEB1 expression develop enhanced resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and combined chemoradiation. ZEB1 loss may lead to increased HER3 expression through the HER3/Akt pathway associated with this chemoresistance. Conversely, overexpression of ZEB1 in GSCs that are ZEB1 null leads to increased sensitivity to chemoradiation.

CONCLUSIONS

The study results indicate that ZEB1 loss in cancer stem cells confers resistance to chemoradiation and uncovers a potentially targetable cell surface receptor in these resistant cells.
Postoperative general medical ward admission following Chiari malformation decompression
Authors: Finneran Megan M. , Graber Sarah , Poppleton Kim , Alexander Allyson L. , Wilkinson C. Corbett , O’Neill Brent R. , Hankinson Todd C. , Handler Michael H.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Prior to 2019, the majority of patients at Children’s Hospital Colorado were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) following Chiari malformation (CM) decompression surgery. This study sought to identify the safety and efficacy of postoperative general ward management for these patients.

METHODS

After a retrospective baseline assessment of 150 patients, a quality improvement (QI) initiative was implemented, admitting medically noncomplex patients to the general ward postoperatively following CM decompression. Twenty-one medically noncomplex patients were treated during the QI intervention period. All patients were assessed for length of stay, narcotic use, time to ambulation, and postoperative complications.

RESULTS

PICU admission rates postoperatively decreased from 92.6% to 9.5% after implementation of the QI initiative. The average hospital length of stay decreased from 3.4 to 2.6 days, total doses of narcotic administration decreased from 12.3 to 8.7, and time to ambulation decreased from 1.8 to 0.9 days. There were no major postoperative complications identified that were unsuitable for management on a conventional pediatric medical/surgical nursing unit.

CONCLUSIONS

Medically noncomplex patients were safely admitted to the general ward postoperatively at Children’s Hospital Colorado after decompression of CM. This approach afforded decreased length of stay, decreased narcotic use, and decreased time to ambulation, with no major postoperative complications.
Forgery of artists’ signatures on paintings or print from the perspective of Polish law
Authors: Rybak-Karkosz Olivia
Published: September 2022

The protection granted by law to art buyers ensures safe trade and confidence in the art market. It is also a crucial factor whenever a purchased piece turns out to be a forgery. Having a single legal act instead of various provisions spread across many of them is essential for the judiciary because it enables the correct legal qualification of the perpetrator’s action. Unfortunately, Polish legislation lacks a regulation that would directly penalize the forgery of an artist’s signature. This is a crucial issue because a signature is one of the elements verified during complex analyses that aim to establish the authenticity of an art piece. However, a signature is deemed to be separate from the art piece itself. Its authenticity does not mean that the whole artwork is authen­tic. There have been cases where authentic paintings or prints have been marked with fake signatures (placed, for instance, by the artist’s family member to confirm the authorship), and the affixing of an authentic signature on a forged painting or print is also within the realm of possibility. This proves the importance of considering a signature and an art piece to be two separate items. This paper aims to establish the most suitable regulation for signature forgery to provide a universal penalization. The methodology analysed legal acts that penalize forged trademarks, identification labels and logos. However, as established in the paper, the Industrial Property Law and Act on Fair Trading do not apply to contemporary artistic creativity. The reason is that a signature would have to be registered in the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland as a trademark. As such, in the author’s opin­ion, Article 306 of the Polish Criminal Code would be the most suitable option. It offers universal protection – if we deem a signature to be a standalone identification label. Nonetheless, this is merely a placeholder solution and the author proposes the implementation of a regulation that would directly penalize the forgery of an artist’s signature. The Dutch or French rules could be used as a model in this regard.
Resistenza e resilienza in Cipriano di Cartagine e Gregorio di Nazianzo
Authors: Accorinti Domenico
Published: September 2022

Come sottolineano Clemens Sedmak e Małgorzata Bogaczyk-Vormayr nella loro introduzione a Patristik und Resilienz (Berlin 2012), la resilienza umana deve essere intesa come la capacità di cambiare sé stessi in risposta a una crisi, non già di tornare a un punto di partenza (Einleitung, 3). Dopo una parte introduttiva sui diversi significati e aspetti della resilienza, questo articolo discute alcuni testi di Cipriano di Cartagine (De mortalitate, AdDemetrianum, De bono patientiae, De dominica oratione) e Gregorio di Nazianzo (Or. 26, Ep. 223, 30-36, 92) che possono essere di qualche interesse per l’attuale discussione sulla resilienza. Entrambi gli autori, infatti, partendo dalla medesima prospettiva escatologica, sembrano condividere una dinamica nozione di resilienza, che non è una mera sopportazione delle avversità, ma la capacità di trasformare una situazione negativa in unarisorsa esistenziale.
Izydora z Sewilli "De ortu et obitu patrum": studium źródeł traktatu
Authors: Krynicka Tatiana
Published: September 2022

Traktat Izydora pt. O narodzinach i śmierci świętych ojców jest wybitnie intertekstualnym utworem. Jego podstawowy hipotekst to Pismo Święte. Referując czytelnikowi biblijnedzieje zbawienia, Izydor z Sewilli zdradza znajomość licznych pism wielu chrześcijańskich autorów. Prześledzenie zależności między wybranymi rozdziałami opracowanego przez niego traktatu (1. Adam; 26. Aaron; 41. Ozeasz; 45. Jonasz; 59. trzej młodzieńcy [w piecu ognistym]) a jego źródłami i wzorcami pozwala stwierdzić, że jest on autorem oryginalnym, gdyż wykazuje się dużą samodzielnością zarówno w komponowaniu większości poszczególnych relacji (a dokładnie tych spisanych na podstawie źródeł innych niżbiblijne vitae), jak też przy opracowaniu koncepcji dzieła będącego hybrydą egzegezy i hagiografii oraz niemającego prototypów we wcześniejszym piśmiennictwie.
Postać wdowy w Ewangelii Łukasza jako symbol Kościoła w tradycji łacińskiej
Authors: Bardski Krzysztof
Published: September 2022

W artykule zostały przeanalizowane starożytne i średniowieczne interpretacje postaci wdowy w Ewangelii Łukasza w tradycji Kościoła zachodniego. Poczynając od Ambrożego (+397), przez Bedę Czcigodnego (+735), aż po kompilację Glossa Ordinaria (XII w.), postać wdowy przeważnie kojarzona była z Eklezją, czyli Kościołem. W toku rozważań zostały podjęte następujące problemy badawcze: W jaki sposób tekst biblijny sugeruje takie skojarzenie? Jakie potencjalne motywy symbolotwórcze tekstu biblijnego prowadzą do tego skojarzenia i jakie wynikają stąd dalsze implikacje? Jak wyglądał proceder interpretacyjny ówczesnych komentatorów, który prowadził do stworzenia takiej symboliki? I w końcu, na ile może być ona inspirująca dla współczesnego odbiorcy? Wdowa Anna, która z nadzieją tęskni, by ujrzeć Boże oblicze (Łk 2,36-38), wdowa z Sarepty Sydońskiej, której zagraża śmierć głodowa (Łk 4,25-26), wdowa z Nain, która cierpi z powodu śmierci syna (Łk 7,11-17), wdowa wytrwale błagająca sędziego, by wstawił się za nią (Łk 18,1-8) oraz wdowa wrzucająca dwa grosze do skarbony (Łk 21,1-4), obrazują Kościół wyglądający z nadzieją zmartwychwstania w czasach ostatecznych, otrzymujący duchowy pokarm Ciała Pańskiego, ufający w moc Chrystusa, który przywraca życie jej duchowo umarłym synom, wytrwale modlący się do Boga oraz na Nim opierający całą swoją egzystencję.
Wdowy w universum wczesnych chrześcijan – trzy perspektywy badawcze
Authors: Nakonieczny Rafał
Published: September 2022

W niniejszym tekście przedstawione zostały wnioski z analizy metabadawczej tematu sytuacji wdowy w społeczności wczesnych chrześcijan. Temat ten badany jest współcześnie co najmniej w trzech perspektywach. Jest on bowiem nadal interesujący dla historyków badających rozwój gmin wczesnochrześcijańskich. Po drugie sytuacja kobiet (w tym wdów) stanowi bardzo interesujące pole badawcze dla autorów nurtu krytycznego (nie zawsze zdecydowanie feministycznego), którzy zastanawiają się nad możliwością alternatywnej rekonstrukcji stosunków społecznych. Założeniem tych badań bywa przyjęcie, iż wysoka pierwotnie pozycja kobiet w gminie chrześcijańskiej stopniowo ulegała umniejszeniu. Szczególny akcent postawiono jednak w tym studium na trzeci aspekt badawczy, jakim jest ukazanie sytuacji wdowy w świecie starożytnym (biblijnym, hellenistycznym, wczesnochrześcijańskim) jako impulsu do głębokiego namysłu nad naszym stosunkiem do jednostek ex definitione najsłabszych. Zaliczają się do nich – podobnie jak w przeszłości – samotne starsze kobiety (często owdowiałe). Liczne prace współczesne postulują podjęcie wysiłku, by nie dopuścić do ich marginalizacji i osamotnienia. Domaga się tego antropologia chrześcijańska i właściwie rozumiana cnota solidarności – bez wykluczania kogokolwiek. Jedną z możliwości realizacji takiego celu może być reaktywacja stanu wdów we współczesnych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich.
Sanctus - definicje wobec tekstowego znaczenia słowa w pismach św. Izydora z Sewilli
Authors: Ledzińska Anna
Published: September 2022

Izydor z Sewilli żyjący na przełomie VI/VII w. w wizygockiej Hiszpanii z jednej strony gromadził w swych dziełach dziedzictwo świata antycznego, z drugiej zaś stał się jedną z najważniejszych auctoritas średniowiecza. Żył w czasach przełomu historycznego, kulturowego, politycznego, a zmiana otaczającego świata zazwyczaj generuje zmiany językowe. Celem badań było sprawdzenie jak głoszone przez Izydora eksplicytnie poglądy na świętość wyrażoną przez leksem sanctus, mają się do tych immanentnie tkwiących w jego języku. W związku z tym przebadano pod kątem semantyki i źródeł trzy definicje sanctus zawarte w Etymologiach oraz dziele O różnicach słów, a następnie zestawiono je z tekstowymi wystąpieniami tego słowa w korpusie wszystkich dzieł Izydora o potwierdzonej autentyczności. Te ostatnie badano z zastosowaniem metod korpusowych, przy użyciu oprogramowania Sketch Engine. Dodatkowo jako tło analizy wykorzystano materiał leksykograficzny zawarty w kilku słownikach łaciny klasycznej i kościelnej. Wyniki wskazują na starożytną proweniencję znaczeń leksemu sanctus deklarowanych w izydorowych definicjach oraz odmienny, wyraźnie średniowieczny, eklezjalny profil semantyczny słowa w korpusie tekstów. Przeprowadzone badania ukazują proces adaptacji języka łacińskiego do zmieniających się okoliczności, przemiany pojęć i świata myśli pod wpływem chrześcijaństwa u progu średniowiecza u jednego z najważniejszych autorów tego okresu.
John Chrysostom’s Discourse on Property Ownership: An Analysis from the Perspective of Roman Law
Authors: Yingxue Chen
Published: September 2022

Unlike the dominant but simplified view of previous scholarship that Chrysostom stands in opposition to Roman property law, his attitude towards Roman law concerning property ownership is quite complicated. Insisting on the belief that things are created for common use and God is the ultimate owner of the world, Chrysostom denies various modes of property acquisition approved by Roman law (inheritance, thesauri inventio, and specificatio ) to be righteous, but when clarifying the limited and inferior human right over things in comparison with that of God, he never hesitates to use the Roman legal terms χρῆσις and δεσποτεία. Moreover, based on the conviction that the worldly economic order derives from divine providence, he confines his enumeration of the things shared in common mainly to the Res communes and Res publicae or Res universitatis under Roman law and persuades his audience to help those in need with the wealth temporarily under their stewardship. As a rhetorical strategy, Chrysostom’s use and manipulation of Roman legal language and thought aimed to promote almsgiving
Struktura organizacyjna klasztoru tarnateńskiego
Authors: Czyżewski Bogdan Stanisław
Published: September 2022

Ciekawym i mało znanym pismem wczesnochrześcijańskim jest Reguła Tarnateńska. Najprawdopodobniej klasztor, dla którego ona powstała, leżał w południowo-wschodniej Galii, samą zaś Regułę datuje się na VI wiek. Przedmiotem badań jest struktura organizacyjna klasztoru, czyli pełnione w nim funkcje przez poszczególnych mnichów i zakres ich zadań. Najważniejszą osobą w tej wspólnocie był opat, odpowiadał przed Bogiem i ludźmi za funkcjonowanie całego klasztoru, zarówno pod względem duchowym jak i organizacyjnym. Istotne zadania należały również do przeora. Niektóre z nich dzielił z opatem, jak chociażby kontrolowanie i dyscyplinowanie mnichów. Przeor weryfikował też powody, którymi kierowali się kandydaci pragnący podjąć życie zakonne. Byli też w klasztorze seniores (starsi), którzy między innymi sprawowali duchową opiekę nad kandydatami do klasztoru. Spotykamy w klasztorze Tarnateńskim również szafarza, bibliotekarza, ogrodnika, magazynierów, którzy dbali o gospodarcze zaplecze wspólnoty. Reguła wymienia także typowo rolnicze zadania mnichów należące do oracza, żniwiarza, uprawiających winnicę i pasterzy.
Interpretacja Przemienienia Jezusa. Część 2: Złota epoka literatury patrystycznej
Authors: Mejzner Miroslaw
Published: September 2022

Celem artykułu jest porównanie interpretacji przemienienia Jezusa w tekstach czterech ojców Kościoła z przełomu IV i V w. (Jana Chryzostoma, Proklosa z Konstantynopola, Augustyna i Hieronima). Zasadnicza uwaga jest zwrócona na poszczególne elementy treściowe, zawarte w opisach ewangelicznych. Analiza interpretacji dokonanej przez poszczególnych autorów ukazuje ścisłą zależność pomiędzy problemami teologicznymi epoki (np. zagadnienia trynitarne, chrystologiczne, eschatologiczne) a sposobami i metodami egzegetycznymi.
Hidroksizin Hidroklorürün Memeli Makrofajlarında Anti-inflamatuar Aktivitesinin PI3K ve P38 Yolu Üzerinde Araştırılması
Authors: YETKİN Derya
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Depresyon, hastaların sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesini etkileyen yaygın bir ruhsal bozukluktur. Antihistaminikler arasında yer alan hidroksizin hidroklorür (HHCL) genellikle alerjik tedavilerde kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca HHCL, son yıllarda anksiyete, zihinsel sıkıntı ve stres tedavisinde rutin olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hidroksizin klorür ile ilgili birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen literatürde bu ilacın bağışıklık sistemi üzerindeki etkileri hakkında yeterli bilgi bulunmamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Önceki çalışmalar, bazı antidepresanların anti-inflamatuar ve anti-analjezik olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu ilaçlardan birinin, Hidroksizin hidroklorürün memeli makrofajları üzerindeki immünomodülatör aktiviteleri, fosforile edilmiş (aktif) p38 MAPK ve PI3K proteinlerinin olası hücre içi etki mekanizmalarını belirlemek için akış sitometrisinde analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Makrofaj hücrelerine uygulanan Hidroksizin hidroklorürün, p38 MAPK ve PI3K proteinlerinin düzeylerinde önemli bir azalmaya neden olduğu bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Bu verilere göre Hidroksizin hidroklorür (HHCL), makrofajlar üzerinde farklı etkilere sahipti. HHCL, aktive olmayan makrofajlarda hafif bir inflamatuar yanıtı tetiklerken; zaten aktive olan makrofajlar üzerinde anti-inflamatuar etkileri vardı. HHCL'nin hücre içi etki mekanizmaları, kısmen p38 MAPK ve PI3K yolları aracılığıyla olmuştur.
Vascular Brain Lesions, Cognitive Reserve, and Their Association with Cognitive Profile in Persons with Early-Stage Cognitive Decline
Authors: Durrani Romella , Badhwar Amanpreet , Bhangu Jaspreet , Ganesh Aravind , Black Sandra E. , Barber Philip A. , Frayne Richard , Field Thalia S. , Hachinski Vladimir , Sahlas Demetrios , Mai Lauren M. , Sharma Mukul , Swartz Richard H. , Smith Eric E.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Cognitive reserve may protect against the effects of brain pathology, but few studies have looked at whether cognitive reserve modifies the adverse effects of vascular brain pathology.

Objective:

We determined if cognitive reserve attenuates the associations of vascular brain lesions with worse cognition in persons with subjective concerns or mild impairment.

Methods:

We analyzed 200 participants aged 50–90 years from the Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia (COMPASS-ND) study. Cognition was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and a neuropsychological test battery. High vascular lesion burden was defined as two or more supratentorial infarcts or beginning confluent or confluent white matter hyperintensity. Cognitive reserve proxies included education, occupational attainment, marital status, social activities, physical activity, household income, and multilingualism.

Results:

Mean age was 72.8 years and 48% were female; 73.5% had mild cognitive impairment and 26.5% had subjective concerns. Professional/managerial occupations, annual household income≥$60,000 per year, not being married/common law, and high physical activity were independently associated with higher cognition. Higher vascular lesion burden was associated with lower executive function, but the association was not modified by cognitive reserve.

Conclusion:

Markers of cognitive reserve are associated with higher cognition. Vascular lesion burden is associated with lower executive function. However, cognitive reserve does not mitigate the effects of vascular lesion burden on executive function. Public health efforts should focus on preventing vascular brain injury as well as promoting lifestyle factors related to cognitive reserve, as cognitive reserve alone may not mitigate the effects of vascular brain injury.
Interactive Bus Route Search System on Query-by-Object with Open Data
Authors: Chu Wanming , Yanaka Shun , Watanabe Yuta , Tomoaki Yoshino
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a Query-By-Object (QBO) based bus routing search system. The system includes two search methods: QBO search and bus search. The QBO search finds accurate city information in complex conditions. It codes in SQL in multiple steps. Each step selects two objects and one spatial operation (within, near, in, or disjoint). The previous search result will be used as an object for the next step search. The bus route search gets the bus route between two places which are the results of the QBO search. The system interface is designed to fit the screen size of various devices such as smartphones, tablets, and desktops. The system is developed with open-source software and open data. It can be used without any cost. The city information and bus information in Aizu-Wakamatsu City with geographic data are used in this system as a case study.