bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study negates causal effects of Parkinson, Alzheimer on Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cai Xiaoxuan , Li Sheng , Wang Yuqian , Qiao Jianjun , Fang Hong
Published: January 2023

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant disease of the skin. The relationship between basal cell carcinoma and neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease has been inconsistent. To determine the causal relationship, a bidirectional two sample mendelian randomization method was used to investigate causal effects. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10 − 8) were identified from genome-wide association studies and a European basal cell carcinoma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including 17,416 cases and 375,455 controls was selected. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analyses, with sensitivity analyses using weighted median and MR-PRESSO. As a result, no significance was found in the association between PKD and BCC (IVW, OR = 1.02, 95%CI[0.98–1.06], P = 0.38), neither was in AD and BCC(IVW, OR = 1.01, 95%CI[0.97–1.05], P = 0.77). Reversal estimation found no causal association between BCC and PKD(IVW-MRE, OR = 0.98, 95%CI[0.92–1.04], P = 0.45) or AD(IVW, OR = 0.98, 95%CI[0.95-1.00], P = 0.10). The results remain consistent after outlier correction and sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, PKD and AD do not necessarily reduce the risk of BCC, neither does BCC necessarily reduce the risk of PKD and AD.
Low-carbon design based on conceptual design methods for mechanical and electrical products
Authors: Gao Guohua , Yang Xue , Zhang Zihua , Zhu Zhenjiang
Published: January 2023

This paper presents a conceptual product design method that considers the carbon emission factors of mechanical and electrical products, with the purpose of considering low carbon issues before designing products. Based on a comprehensive analysis of conventional product design procedures, the study extracts design information related to greenhouse gas emissions, itemizes and quantifies the information, and ultimately uncovers the relationship among carbon emissions, function and cost of newly designed products. This paper explains the proposed concepts of carbon efficiency and carbon factor, and combined them with the product design process to present a low-carbon design process of mechanical and electrical products. Furthermore, this paper presents a low-carbon design method of mechanical and electrical products, drawing on the product family design idea, with the GHG efficiency and cost constrained. The potential value of the method is demonstrated in a case study of a tomato picking robot.
Cost Benefit Analysis Origin and Applicability of Its Recent Advances: a Critical Review
Authors: Odek Robert , Oluoch Josephat Oluoch
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study reviewed a number of empirical pieces of literature on cost-benefit analysis origin, advancements in its methods, and their applicability.
Methodology: This study applied a systematic review by relying on previous publications (20 publications were fully reviewed) in line with this study topic. The collected data was analyzed with the application of narrative synthesis.
Findings: There are mixed ideas on the origin of cost benefit analysis. This study concludes that cost benefit analysis was first practiced in China in the 11th Century at the palace construction site. It then spread to the Bavarian Army. The French engineers embraced this technique in the execution of public works in 1708 before the American National Resource Committee incorporated it. Moreover, cost benefit analysis was authoritatively documented in the United States of America in the green book by a sub-committee on benefits and costs where principles and procedures for determining costs and benefits were clarified for reference. Other countries hence embraced Cost benefit analysis after its documentation in the United States. Advances in cost benefit analysis include; willingness to pay which exhibits the definite intention of clients in regard to how they value what they intend to purchase. That is, it expresses the degree the clients are ready to consume a particular product. On the other hand conjoint analysis aids in determining willingness to pay, such that it offers a client an array of characteristics of a product which enables the client to settle on the most preferred product feature. It is shown that designing a conjoint technique is complex. Conjoint is tested at individual level and the model utilized in collecting data is uniformly applicable assuming that all respondents have a similar modeled preference that does not match the real-life situation. Accordingly, information on product attributes could alternatively be obtained via a questionnaire or interview schedule in determining customers’ preferences and not necessarily through the use of conjoint.
Implications: This review criticizes conjoint analysis as CBA method on the basis of its complexity and thus other data collection methods are offered like questionnaires and interview schedules. The study also confirms that advances in cost benefit analysis can be applied in all sectors of the economy since they have been empirically tested.
Value of the Study: It contributes to the comprehension of the origin of cost-benefit analysis, the advancement in cost-benefit methods, and critique on the methods of cost benefit analysis.
3L, three-Lactobacilli on recovering of microbiome and immune-damage by cyclophosphamide chemotherapy —A pilot experiment—
Authors: Yue Shousong , Zhang Zhenzhong , Bian Fei , Zhang Yan , Chen Gao , Zhu Youfeng , Li Jun , Picimbon Jean-François
Published: January 2023

PurposeWe examined the impact of using a probiotic containing three differentLactobacilli(3L) on the gut microbiome of rats following cyclophosphamide (CTX) treatment. CTX corresponded to chemotherapy which is used for human cancer treatment and known to have adversive effects on the immune system.MethodsWe conducted our experiment with ten rats in five different experimental groups which included control, CTX treated, and then low, medium, and high probiotic treatment with CTX treatment. Of these ten rats in each group, we sequenced the stool of three of them using both ITS and 16S sequencing. We then went on to examine the taxonomic composition of these samples to determine whether probiotic treatment helped the rat’s microbiome return to similar structure as the control rats.ResultsWe used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to generate sequencing data from microbial genomic DNA libraries, which is useful for testing the effects of 3L on bacteria and fungi. Microbiome analysis, phylogenetic and classification reports, and community data have all backed up the experiments and findings that 3L had a significant positive impact on the microbiome. Furthermore, the effect on specific metabolic pathways aids in deriving the study’s conclusion (use of 3L in chemotherapy) to the mode of action, mechanistically by correcting microbiota composition and enhancing specific gut metabolic functions.ConclusionsThrough experimental results using anin vivomodel, we suggested the role of novel natural probiotics 3L, 3 Lactobacilli in the establishment of a strong and sustainable beneficial healthy gut flora, after CTX chemotherapy. We suggested some new adjuvants to chemotherapy as drugs +lactobacillustreament using the rat CTX model (immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide). Furthermore, in numerous studies that reported the use of probiotics involvingLactobacillusin post-chemo or post-surgical procedures, we proposed a new probiotic formulation (L.acidophilus+L. casei+L.plantarum) to be further studied and explored in the prevention of health condition loss by alteration of the general immune system.
Mitigation of smart black hole attacks using universal sink detection method in graph theory
Authors: MEKKAOUI Kheireddine , TEGGAR Hamza
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, network security has become a very important aspect due to the increasing number of connected things and the multiple threats that become more and more intelligent. Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET), known to be non-infrastructure and self-configured peer networks, are subject to multiple types of attacks. For this reason, it is essential to implement an Intrusion Detection System that realizes fast attack detection to alert users by any malicious activity taking place on the network. Black hole is one of the most serious threats in MANETs, witch is the origin of Denial of service attack. This type of threats has been widely studied and many solutions were proposed. Unfortunately these solutions has become inefficient against the new generation of black holes, known also as smart black holes, witch can deceive most of these solutions. To overcome smart black holes, we proposed an Intrusion Detection System based on the early detecting and isolating malicious nodes by exploiting local information shared by neighbors and using universal sink detection method in graph theory. We proved that smart black holes can defeat the sequence number threshold-based detection strategy by using leastsquare method. Simulations in NS2, showed the efficiency of the proposed approach, which can quickly detect and isolate smart black holes, improve the Packet delivery ratio (PDR) and throughput by an average of 97% and 90%, respectively, thus preserving the network performances.
Nutrient Dynamics and Sustainability of Short Rotation Eucalyptus camaldulensis Plantations in Southern India
Authors: Mathew Roby , D.S. Guru Murthy , Varghese Mohan
Published: January 2023

Though awareness of fertilizer application has increased over time, low nutrient use efficiency is still a major limiting factor for eucalyptus plantations in India. A study was carried out to understand the nutrient dynamics under different soil fertility conditions which was created by omission of macro nutrients (alone or in combination) and its comparison with balanced nutrient application (NPK). This study reveals two phases of nutrient accumulation. First, juvenile phase which was characterised by an increase in nutrient uptake till canopy closure followed by a phase when the nutrient demand declined. The nutrient partitioning in different tree components changed with age. The rate of accumulation of N and K decreased in order of Leaves > Bark >Branches > Wood > Underground parts. For P, Ca & Mg the rate of accumulation decreased in the order - Bark > Leaves >Branch>Underground parts > Wood. Balanced application of nutrients produced 44 per cent higher wood yield than trees grown on indigenous soil nutrient (-NPK) supply. This study conceptually and quantitatively compares the wide range of soil fertility regimes and explore the limitation of nutrients on plant and plant-soil-level. It explains the importance of efficient nutrient management for sustainability of plantations and ways to maximizing yield and improving soil nutrient balances at harvest.
Genome-wide Identification and Functional Analysis of Dysregulated Alternative Splicing Profiles in Sepsis
Authors: Tuerdi Baihetinisha , Abuduaini Buzukela , Kang Shaotao , Jiao jinliang , Madeniyati Wolazihan , Tuerdimaimaiti Dilixiati , Xu Sicheng
Published: January 2023

Background: An increasing body of evidence now shows that the long-term mortality of patients with sepsis are associated with various sepsis-related immune cell defects. Alternative splicing (AS), as a sepsis-related immune cell defect, is considered as a potential immunomodulatory therapy target to improve patient outcomes. However, our understanding of the role AS plays in sepsis is currently insufficient.
Aim: This study investigated possible associations between AS and the gene regulatory networks affecting immune cells. We also investigated apoptosis and AS functionality in sepsis pathophysiology.
Methods: In this study, we assessed publicly available mRNA-seq data that was obtained from the NCBI GEO dataset (GSE154918), which included a healthy group (HLTY), a mild infection group (INF1), asepsis group (Seps), and a septic shock group (Shock). A total of 79 samples (excluding significant outliers) were identified by a poly-A capture method to generate RNA-seq data. The variable splicing events and highly correlated RNA binding protein (RBP) genes in each group were then systematically analyzed.
Results: For the first time, we used systematic RNA-seq analysis of sepsis-related AS and identified 1505 variable AS events that differed significantly（p <= 0.01) across the four groups. In the sepsis group, the genes related to significant AS events, such as, SHISA5 and IFI27, were mostly enriched in the cell apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, we identified differential splicing patterns within each of the four groups. Significant differences in the expression of RNA Binding Protein（RBP） genes were observed between the control group and the sepsis group. RBP gene expression was highly correlated with variant splicing events in sepsis, as determined by co-expression analysis; the expression of NOP14 and ILF3 RBPs were significant reduced in sepsis compared to the healthy group. Finally, we constructed an RBP-AS functional network.
Conclusion: Analysis indicated that the RBP-AS functional network serves as a critical post-transcriptional mechanism that regulates the development of sepsis. AS dysregulation is associated with alterations in the regulatory gene expression network that is involved in sepsis. Therefore, the RBP-AS expression network could be useful in refining biomarker predictions in the development of new therapeutic targets for the pathogenesis of sepsis.
A lightweight convolutional neural network to reconstruct deformation in BOS recordings
Authors: Mucignat Claudio , Manickathan Lento , Shah Jiggar , Rösgen Thomas , Lunati Ivan
Published: January 2023

We introduce a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that is specificallydesigned and trained to post-process recordings obtained by BackgroundOriented Schlieren (BOS), a popular technique to visualize compressibleand convective flows. To reconstruct BOS image deformation, we deviseda lightweight network (LIMA) that has comparatively fewer parameters totrain than the CNNs that have been previously proposed for optical flow.To train LIMA, we introduce a novel strategy based on the generation of synthetic images from random-irrotational deformation fields, which areintended to mimic those provided by real BOS recordings. This allows us to generate a large number of training examples at minimal compu-tational cost. To assess the accuracy of the reconstructed displacements,we consider test cases consisting of synthetic images with sinusoidal dis-placement as well as images obtained in the experimental studies of a hotplume in air and a flow past and inside a heated hollow hemisphere. By comparing the reconstructed deformation fields using the LIMA or conven-tional post-processing techniques used in Direct Image Correlation (dic)or conventional image cross-correlation, we show that LIMA is more accu-rate and robust in the synthetic test case. When applied to experimentalBOS recordings, all methods provide similar and consistent deformation fields. As LIMA is capable of achieving a comparable or better accuracyat a fraction of the computational costs, it represents a valuable alternative to conventional post-processing techniques for BOS experiments.
ROS-Responsive Sequential Release Systems with Excellent Biofilm Permeability for Enhanced Antibacterial and Regeneration-promoting Therapy in Periodontitis
Authors: Zeng Bairui , Mu Zhixiang , Shen Tianxi , Chen Yuanqi , Jin Ting , Li Lingjie , Huang Chen , Wang Yi , Lei Kezheng , Lu Hongyang , Jiang Zhijie , Cai Xiaojun , Hu Rongdang , Deng Hui
Published: January 2023

Periodontitis is the sixth most common chronic inflammatory disease caused by plaque biofilms and closely related to many systemic diseases. In particular, the problems of deep lesion location and sequential treatment of antibacterial and pro-regenerative abilities need to be addressed. We created a novel ROS responsive system (CHX@PCL-PLG) for efficient therapy of refractory periodontitis based on a “three-birds-with-one-stone” strategy, which integrates the biofilm penetration, nitric oxide (NO) sterilization, and NO-mediated pro-angiogenic property into one system. The above system was fabricated by self-assembling vesicles formed by amphiphilic polymers containing poly-ε-caprolactone and guanidinated-poly-ε-lysine as carriers (PCL-PLG) loaded with chlorhexidine (CHX). CHX@PCL-PLG can efficiently penetrate into biofilm under the action of abundant guanidine groups on the vesicle’s surface. Subsequently, the guanidine groups of vesicles respond to the high level of ROS within the biofilm by releasing NO and CHX in a targeted manner to play a synergistic antibacterial and biofilm scavenging function. More importantly, following effective elimination all bacteria from the periodontal pockets, the residual guanidine groups could further produce trace amounts of NO, which promoted angiogenesis and epithelialization of the wound tissue to significantly facilitating wound healing. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CHX@PCL-PLG makes full use of the characteristics of guanidine groups to significantly disrupt biofilms and promote tissue regeneration for the effective treatment of periodontitis as well as various biofilm-related diseases.
Pre and Post COVID-19: Qualifications of Medical Students who Matched into Dermatology
Authors: Jacobs Jennifer , Diamond Carrie , Rundle Chandler , Presley Colby L. , Stamey Christopher
Published: January 2023

With a growing number of applicants for dermatologic residencies, M.D. students interested in the specialty are expanding their curriculum vitae, specifically through their research involvement, to be considered competitive for the limited number of spots. However, very little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student participation in research and publication production. In this study, we analyzed data on M.D. students applying into dermatology using the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) published data for the years of 2016, 2018, 2020, and 2022. We analyzed differences between applicants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic of those who matched and those who did not, in terms of number of research experiences and publications completed. Despite the pandemic, all applicants—regardless of their success in matching—increased the amount of research experiences they completed and the number of publications they obtained prior to their application. Higher research competitiveness, as identified through this study, increases the already present disparities that exist within matching into dermatology and suggests that students will have to forego career exploration and creating a solid foundation of pre-clinical knowledge in the name of increased research. As such, the application process for dermatologic residencies will become less holistic and more biased.
Robustness evaluation of Evolutionary-based complex detection algorithms for protein interaction networks with negative control
Authors: Abbas Mustafa , Attea Bara'a , Broneske David , Saake Gunter
Published: January 2023

Background: One of the most significant areas of current computational biology research is the complex detection in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks due to their critical importance in understanding life at the cellular level, predicting the functions of as-yet-uncharacterized proteins, and diagnosing diseases. Existing state-of-the-art methods, mainly, evolutionary algorithms (EA), partition PPI networks into complexes either based on the graph properties of PPI networks or on their biological semantics. Unfortunately, up to now little interest has been paid to investigate the robustness of these state-of-the-art EAs in unraveling PPI networks with noisy or missing interactions.
Results: In this paper, we adopted EAs to examine the robustness of three single objective models and two multi-objective models that are used to define the complex detection problem. Two well-known Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) PPI networks and two benchmark sets of complexes were used to investigate the robustness of these EA-based complex detection algorithms. Furthermore, several artificial networks are generated by perturbing the original PPI network with different percentage of noise.
Conclusions: Experimental results show that the multi-objective model achieves a higher level of prediction accuracy than other models. We encourage to extend this work to include biological information (i.e., a gene ontology) and design the objective function and heuristic operator based on these biological data for detecting protein complexes.
Impacts of Mg doping on the Structural Properties and Degradation Mechanisms of a Li and Mn Rich Layered Oxide Cathode for Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Kaewmala Songyoot , Kamma Natthapong , Buakeaw Sunisa , Limphirat Wanwisa , Nash Jeffrey , Srilom Sutham , Limthongkul Pimpa , Meethong Nonglak
Published: January 2023

The Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide cathode material class is a promising cathode material type for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. However, this cathode material type suffers from layer to spinel structural transition during electrochemical cycling, resulting in energy density losses during repeated cycling. Thus, improving structural stability is an essential key for developing this cathode material family. Elemental doping is a useful strategy to improve the structural properties of cathode materials. This work examines the influences of Mg doping on the structural characteristics and degradation mechanisms of a Li1.2Mn0.4Co0.4O2 cathode material. The results reveal that the prepared cathode materials are a composite material, exhibiting phase separation of the Li2MnO3 and LiCoO2 components. Li2MnO3 and LiCoO2 domain sizes decreased as Mg content increased, altering the electrochemical mechanisms of the cathode materials. Moreover, Mg doping can retard phase transition, resulting in reduced structural degradation. Li1.2Mn0.36Mg0.04Co0.4O2 with optimal Mg doping demonstrated improved electrochemical performance. The current work provides deeper understanding about the roles of Mg doping on the structural characteristics and degradation mechanisms of Li-and Mn-rich layered oxide cathode materials, which is an insightful guideline for the future development of high energy density cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Effects of experimental ulcerative colitis on the myenteric neurons in the P2X7 knockout mice
Authors: Machado Felipe Alexandre , Souza Roberta Figueiroa , Figliuolo Vanessa , Coutinho-Silva Robson , Castelucci Patricia
Published: January 2023

The objective was to study the distal colon myenteric plexus and enteric glial cells (EGCs) in P2X7 receptor-deficient (P2X7-/-) animals after experimental ulcerative colitis on. 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was injected into distal colon of C57BL/6 (WT) and P2X7 receptor gene-deficient (P2X7-/-, KO) animals. Distal colon tissues were analysed 24 h and 4 d after administration. Double immunofluorescence was used for analyses and histology was used for morphological analysis. Quantitative analysis demonstrated 13.9% and 7.1% decreases in the number/ganglia of P2X7 receptor-immunoreactive (ir) in the 24 h-WT/colitis group and 4 d-WT/colitis, respectively. There was no reduction in the number per ganglia of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-ir, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-ir and PGP9.5 (pan neuronal)-ir neurons in the 4 d-KO/colitis group. There was a reduction by 19.3% in the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, EGC)-ir in the 24 h-WT/colitis group and a 19% increase in the number of these cells in the 4 d-WT/colitis group. There were no profile area changes in neurons in the 24 h groups. In the 4 d-WT/colitis and 4 d-KO/colitis groups, there was an increase in the profile neuronal area of nNOS, ChAT and PGP9.5. Histological analysis showed hyperaemia, oedema or cellular infiltration in the 24 h-WT/colitis groups and 4 d-WT/colitis groups. The 4 d-KO/colitis groups showed no histological changes.
The Spindle Axial Time-Varying Thermal Error Compensation Method for Horizontal Boring and Milling Machine Tool Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Song Lei , Liu Kuo , Zhao Di , Zhang Song , Zhang Zewei , Wang Yongqing
Published: January 2023

The time-varying thermal error of Horizontal Boring and Milling Machine Tool (HBMMT) directly affects the manufacturing performance of high-end parts. The time-varying thermal error is in axial direction due to the radial symmetry of spindle box is good. The spindle axial time-varying thermal error compensation method based on edge computing was studied for reducing the effect of spindle axial time-varying thermal error of HBMMT on the consistency of machining accuracy of parts. The spindle axial time-varying thermal error model was established based on the speed and acceleration of spindle temperature change. The spindle axial time-varying error compensation value was acquired by the edge computing, and the error was compensated based on the principle of coordinate origin offset. The error fluctuation range with compensation was reduced by 87.7%, and the accuracy stability of HBMMT was greatly improved.
Reputational Costs and Information Disclosure: Evidence from eBay
Authors: Eddhir Ahmed
Published: January 2023

This paper investigates how behavior changes when sellers face costs for failing to fully disclose private information. In particular, sellers may face costs in future transactions if they conceal unfavorable information. However, these costs are only relevant for sellers who plan to undertake future transactions. Using data from iPhone 6 auctions on eBay, I find that sellers who face higher reputational costs tend to disclose both favorable and unfavorable information. Conversely, sellers with lower costs for partial disclosure tend to reveal primarily favorable information about their items. Sellers who plan to undertake future transactions choose to fully disclose information, ultimately maximizing profits in the long run. These results suggest that reputational mechanisms can increase sellers’ incentives to fully disclose information, thereby reducing efficiency losses from asymmetric information and improving market outcomes.
The Relationship Between Attendance of at Least Four Antenatal Care Visits and Facility Delivery
Authors: Nkeeto Bill , Yawe Bruno L. , Matovu Fred
Published: January 2023

Background

The current global situation is such that 340,000 women still die annually of avoidable maternal health-related complications. Recent statistics in Uganda indicate that maternal deaths among women of age 15 – 49 years are 18% translating to a maternal mortality ratio of 336 deaths per 100,000 live births. Moreover, at least 26% of live deliveries are not attended to by professional practitioners, and 27% are not delivered at a health facility. Additionally, 40% of the last Uganda Demographic and health survey did not attend at least four antenatal care visits, a minimum formerly advocated for before the introduction of the eight contact visits.

Methods

The study used a cross-sectional research design with the dataset of the most recent UDHS of 2016. A sample of 9869 most recent births for which full information of delivery and ANC was attained, was used. The multilevel logistic regression model was fitted at both bivariate and multivariate levels, as well as a random intercept model to establish latent influence within the communities/clusters. Stata 16 was used for data analysis.

Results

The results showed that 28.2% Inter class correlation relates to the latent community influence on the health-seeking behavior of mothers on whether to deliver in health facilities or otherwise. Determinants positively associated with facility delivery included at least four ANC (OR=1.59, CI=1.28 – 1.85), professionally employed partner (OR = 1.38; CI =1.09 - 1.74) use of mobile phones (OR =1.23; CI). Those negatively associated include; no education (OR = 0.41; CI = 0.19 - 0.84), unwanted pregnancy (OR=0.98; CI = 0.87 - 1.13), and partner with primary education level (OR = 0.71; CI = 0.51 - 0.99).

Conclusion

There is a need to ensure sensitization about the 8 ANC visits which the bivariate stage of this study found positively associated with facility delivery, even with limited awareness. More so, advocacy through social marketing to positively influence the latent effect and encourage contraception use or abstinence to avoid unwanted pregnancies.
The specific brain imaging alteration underlying the autistic traits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Liu Juan , Liu Qian-Rong , Wu Zhao-Min , Wang Yuan , Cao Xiao-Lan , Dai Mei-Xia , Dong Chao , Liu Qiao , Zhu Jun , Chen Qiao Ru , Zhang Lin-Lin , Li Ying , Wang Yu-Feng , Liu Lu , Yang Bin-Rang
Published: January 2023

Object: Autistic traits (ATs) were frequently reported in children with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to examine ATs in children with ADHD from both behavioral and neuroimaging aspects.
Method: The Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire was used to assess and define subjects with and without ATs. For the behavioral analyses, 67 ADHD children with ATs (ADHD+ATs), 105 ADHD children without ATs (ADHD-ATs), and 44 typically developing controls (CONs) were recruited. The resting-state functional MRI data were collected and the mean ALFF (mALFF) values were analyzed in a subsample. The ‘brain-behavior’ relationship was explored to illustrate the potential shared and distinct imaging features for ATs and ADHD symptoms.
Result:Compared to ADHD-ATs, the ADHD+ATs group showed higher ATs and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Partial correlation analysis indicated hyperactive/impulsive significantly positively correlated with all aspects of ATs in ADHD. Imaging analyses indicated that mALFF values in left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), left parietal lobe (PL)/precuneus and left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) might be specifically related to ADHD, while that of right MTG might be more closely related to ATs. Meanwhile, the altered mALFF in right PL/precuneus was correlated with both ADHD and ATs, whereas with diverse direction.
Conclusion:The co-occurrence of ATs in children with ADHD indicated different behavioral characteristics and potentially specific brain functional alterations. The assessment of ATs in children with ADHD could help us to understand the heterogeneity of ADHD, and further improve the exploration of its pathogenesis and promote clinical intervention.
A large earthquake could occur in southeastern Sumatra or Jawa， Indonesia within the next several years
Authors: Chen Xuezhong , Li Yane , Chen Lijuan
Published: January 2023

In this article, we focused on the region including southeastern Sumatra and Jawa,Indonisia, conducted a joint analysis of the b-value and apparent stress to investigate the stress in the crustal rock. We also examine the correlation between the variations in the rate of Earth’s rotation and the occurrence of earthquakes there by means of P-value. The results are outlined below. In the area 100km south of Jakarta, the b value decreased ~ 48% within ten years from 2009 to 2018 in and around the area. An obvious upward trend in the apparent stress started at the beginning of 2002 and ended in July 2019. From August 2019 until July 2022, the apparent stress decreased, reflecting that a stage of sub-instability or critical state could have occurred. It‘s shown that lower P-values concentrate mainly around Bengkulu, about 370km west of Jakarta, indicating a significant correlation between the occurrence of earthquakes and the Earth’s rotation there. Based on the above results, we can conclude that there could occur a strong earthquake of Mw ≥8.0 in Jawa or southeastern Sumatra, Indonesia within the future several years. This is maybe important to reduce the seismic damage there.
Behavioral Performance and Microglial Status in Mice After Moderate Dose of Proton Irradiation
Authors: Sorokina S. S. , Malkov A. E. , Rozanova O. M. , Smirnova H. N. , Shemyakov A. E.
Published: January 2023

The cognitive impairment is a remote effect of gamma radiation treatment of malignancies. The major part of the studies on the effect of proton irradiation (a promising alternative in the treatment of radioresistant tumors and tumors located close to critical organs) on the cognitive abilities of laboratory animals and their relation to morphological changes in the brain is rather contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate cognitive functions and the dynamics of changes in morphological parameters of hippocampal microglial cells after proton irradiation. Two months after the cranial irradiation, 8–9-week-old male SHK mice were tested for total activity, spatial learning, as well as long- and short-term hippocampus-dependent memory. To estimate the morphological parameters of microglia, the brain slices of control and irradiated animals each with different time after proton irradiation (24 h, 7 days, 1 month) were stained for microglial marker Iba-1. No changes in behavior or deficits in short-term and long-term hippocampus-dependent memory were found, but the impairment of episodic memory was observed. A change in the morphology of hippocampal microglial cells, which is characteristic of the transition of cells to an activated state, was detected. Radiation-induced oxidative stress into the brain tissue of mice one day after exposure resulted in a slight decrease in cell density, which was restored to the control level by 30 days after exposure, probably due to the activation of proliferation. The results obtained may be promising with regard to the future use of using high doses of protons per fraction in the irradiation of tumors.
Agreement Between 4D Transesophageal Echocardiography and Multi-detector Computed Tomography in Measuring Aortic Root Dimensions and Coronary Ostia Heights
Authors: Hassan Mohamed , Abdrabou Mostafa M. , Wahba Wasseem Amin , Baghdady Yasser , Elamragy Ahmed A.
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is the gold standard non-invasive tool for evaluating aortic root dimensions. We assessed the agreement between 4D TEE and MDCT-derived aortic valve annular dimensions, coronary ostia height, and minor dimensions of sinuses of Valsalva (SoV) and sinotubular junction (STJ).
Methods
In this prospective analytical study, we measured the annular area, annular perimeter, area-derived diameter, area-derived perimeter, left and right coronary ostial heights, and minor diameters of the SoV and the STJ using ECG-gated MDCT and 4D TEE. TEE measurements were calculated semi-automatically by the eSie valve software.
Results
We enrolled 43 adult patients (27 males, median age: 46 years). We found strong correlations and good agreement between the two modalities in annular dimensions (area, perimeter, area-derived diameter, and perimeter-derived diameter), left coronary ostial height, minimum STJ diameter, and minimum SOV diameters. Moderate correlations, and agreement, with relatively large differences between the 95% LOA, were demonstrated for the right coronary artery ostial height.
Conclusion
4D TEE correlates well with MDCT in measuring aortic annular dimensions, coronary ostial height, sinuses of Valsalva minor diameter, and sinotubular junction minor diameter. Whether this can affect clinical outcomes is unknown. It could replace MDCT if the latter is unavailable or contraindicated.
A numerical study on seismic risk assessment of historic masonry towers: a case study in İstanbul
Authors: Saygılı Özden
Published: January 2023

A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was performed for İstanbul considering the seismotectonic structure of the region. Earthquakes that occur in seismic regions has the possibility of triggering each other to a certain extent, and this causes earthquakes to cluster in time and space. In this study, the Poisson model was preferred for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. Conventional integration approach was adopted to calculate the hazard curves to describe the likelihood of exceeding ground motion in a particular period. This paper presents results on the impact of seismic hazard on structural performance of an existing masonry tower, by evaluating the seismic response for different levels of ground motions.
Which Treatment is Best for Adult Humerus Distal 1/3 Fractures Without Extension to the Elbow Joint?
Authors: yılmaz mehmet , ulusoy ibrahim , kıvrak aybars , iğrek servet , gürger murat
Published: January 2023

Adult humeral fractures that do not extend to the elbow joint can be seen with low-energy trauma in the elderly and high-energy trauma in the young. Fractures of the distal 1/3 of the humerus are treated with surgical and non-surgical methods. Our study aimed to evaluate the functional and radiological results of the distal 1/3 humerus fractures, which do not involve the joint, by comparing the conservative and surgical treatments and the surgical techniques used.
Materials and Methods
Thirty-five patients with adult distal 1/3 humeral fractures that did not extend to the joint between January 2010 and October 2014 were included in the study. The cases were evaluated retrospectively.
Results
9 of the cases were female and 26 were male. The mean age of the patients was 33,6. Articular range of motion (ROM) of cases was measured averagely at 118,8˚, and extension loss was measured at 7,14˚ averagely. The average Mayo score of cases had been measured at 87 . Mono plaque osteosynthesis has been applied to 20 of cases (Group I), double plate osteosynthesis has been applied to 11 (Group II), and conservative treatment has been applied to 4 (Group III). A statistical significant difference between Group I and Group II has not been determined regarding union time, complication, Mayo Score, Cassebaum’s rating, ROM, and extension loss. According to surgical approaches applied to patients (lateral-posterior), while a statistical difference has not been determined regarding complications, union time, and ROM, a significant difference has been determined regarding Mayo Score and extension loss. According to different determination methods; a statistical difference has not been determined regarding to complications, ROM, extension loss, Mayo Score and union time.
Discussion
We recommend surgery with a lateral approach to preserve the extensor mechanism in fractures of the distal 1/3 of the humerus.
Superelastic ferroelectric micropillar with large hysteresis and surper-durability
Authors: Li Yingwei , Chu Kangjie , Wang Xiaomei , Wu Zhijun , Peng Qi , Li Jiangyu , Chen Long-Qing , Ren Fuzeng , Sun Qingping
Published: January 2023

Hysteresis and durability are generally on the opposite sides of a trade-off for superelastic materials (1-10). We herein break this trade-off and report that BaTiO3 (BT) micropillars present size-dependent superelasticity and possess simultaneous large hysteresis and super-durability, sustaining up to 108 cycles without functional degradation and structural failure. The super-durability was attributed to the small stress to drive ferroelastic switching and the moderate mismatch stress between different ferroelectric variants, that are much smaller than the dislocation nucleation activation stress and the compression strength of BT pillars (11-13). These discoveries enable ferroelectric micropillars many promising applications such as microdampers, and also provide significant insight into developing superelastic materials with enhanced durability.
Determining the drilling mud window by integration of geostatistics, intelligent, and conditional programming models in an Oilfield of SW Iran
Authors: Kianoush Pooria , Mohammadi Ghodratollah , Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Afzal Peyman
Published: January 2023

Accurate knowledge of pore and fracture pressures is essential for drilling wells safely with the desired mud weight (MW). Overpressure occurs when the pore pressure is higher than the normal hydrostatic pressure. There is a challenge regarding the pressure studies domain in an oilfield in SW Iran, where lack of geo-mechanical data limits exact mud window calculation. Also, the reservoir generally consists of carbonate rocks and contains no shale interbeds, so mechanical stratigraphy based on Gamma ray could not be applied. This study is to provide safe drilling considering MW to prevent the flow or loss in the vicinity of the new wells in the studied field. In this research the formation pressures and mud window models are determined by combining geostatistical, intelligent, and conditional programming models and compared with real data. The conditional programming was also used to correct small out-of-range data. The highest correlation between the final effective pressure and velocity cube was observed in lower Fahliyan Formation with 0.86 and Ilam with 0.71.The modeled MW difference ranged between 2.5 and 30 PCF. Also, the maximum modeled MW is 150 PCF in the upper Fahliyan Formation. Heavy mud of more than 130 PCF is suggested for drilling the Khalij member and continues to the end of stratigraphy column. Best observed correlation comparing the drilled and modeled MW, especially achieved in the Fahliyan reservoir Formation with more than 100 PCF and the Ilam Formation with 80-100 PCF. Finally, 3D formation pressures is presented and recommended for further safe drillings.
The Effects of Tilt Angle Filter on Noise Cancelation and Structural Edges Detection in Gas and Oil Source in Gravitational Potential Field of Qeshm Island SE Iran
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Kianoush Pooria , Arjomandi Mojtaba , Ebrahimabadi Arash
Published: January 2023

One of the most critical issues in describing gravitational maps is separating the anomalies related to shallow sources from the deep ones. In this study, every kilometer of assessing gravity in a very regular network is done from the shallow part of the west of Qeshm Island to Hormoz and its north coast from Sarkhoun to Latidan in SE Iran. The range of gravitational Bouguer changes is from − 297 to-330 miligal (mGal), which after modeling and determining geometrical parameters, It was found that five negative anomalies came from salt penetration in this region. On the Bouguer anomaly maps, profound effects were seen as light and linear, called regional effects. The residual gravity was computed by removing gravitational effects related to deep sources from measured gravitational data. Regional anomalies have a low spatial frequency and long wavelength, while residual anomalies are related to under-surface potentials and have a high spatial frequency and short wavelength. By comparing the result after employing the tilt angle filter on different gravitational field maps during the tilt angle computation, the fundamental part of the hyperbolic tangent function was used instead of using the tangent function. Results of the boundary and edges of the subsurface masses are better than regional filters, so anomalies intensely were highlighted. Therefore, a hyperbolic tilt angle can reduce the sensitivity to existing noises and induction ones. This paper studied the effect of the local phase filter of the gravity tilt angle on the artificial model from coding in MATLAB software.
Focused single-cell analysis with principal feature analysis, mutual information, and machine learning reveals cell type signatures
Authors: Breitenbach Tim , Caliskan Aylin , Caliskan Deniz , Rasbach Lauritz , Yu Weimeng , Dandekar Thomas
Published: January 2023

Our single-cell analysis pipeline identifies a set of key genes whose expression describes the difference between cell types and consists of
(i) R packages Seurat and DoubletFinder preprocess single cell data according to quality. Next, a custom-made python script randomizes obtained data, generating random sets for comparison.
(ii) Principal feature analysis (PFA) identifies genes contributing to characteristic differences in cell types, represented by corresponding labels, removing redundant genes that are functions of others, leaving only genes that are arguments of such functions.
(iii) Genes associated with predicting the labels of the cells are selected. For further reduction, selected genes are ranked by the mutual information that the expression of these genes shares with the labels representing the cell types.
(iv) Importantly, selected genes are validated by a machine learning framework where the prediction accuracy on all genes vs. the selected genes is tested.
(v) If desired, mutual information ranking balances the number of selected genes and information content for predicting the cell types. Results from different single-cell data include: comparisons of adipocytes and adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs), adipocytes and mesothelium, and endothelial cells and mesothelium, as well as fibroblast and macrophage. In each, only about ten out of more than 30000 genes are identified carrying the relevant information classifying the single cells for distinguishable cell types. Our code is provided in a GitHub repository at … ( link will be added after acceptance).
What Do I Do to Avoid Sexually Transmitted Diseases? A Scale Development Study: Behavioral Scale for Protection from Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Authors: Kılavuz PhD Student , Yiğit Assistant Professor Feride
Published: January 2023

The authors' aim is to develop and confirm a reliable and valid measurement tool that can measure women's behavior to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. The study data were collected from adult women aged 18-47 years (n= 505). Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was applied to the STD scale consisting of 44 items. According to the results of EFA, 21 items were defined in the scale. The KMO value of the scale is 90.6%. In the study, the varimax rotation method was used to bring the factors together with the related items. As a result of varimax rotation, two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were found in the scale. The overall Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of the scale has been calculated as 0.911, 0.941 for the first sub-dimension and 0.889 for the second sub-dimension. The validity and reliability of this study has been proven according to the results of explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
The dynamic tumor-stromal crosstalk: Implications of ‘stromal-hot’ tumors in the process of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Mavatkar Apoorva D , Naidu Chandrakala M , Prabhu Jyothi S , Nair Madhumathy G
Published: January 2023

Breast cancer metastatic programming involves an intricate process by which the tumor cell co-evolves with surrounding extracellular niche. The supporting cells from the local host stroma get morphed into cancer associated stromal cells. This complex crosstalk leads to extracellular matrix re-fabrication, invasion, and eventually distant metastasis. In this review, we examine the protein-miRNA secretome that is crucial for this crosstalk. We also attempt to delineate the persuasive role of the stroma in mediating epithelial to mesenchymal transition. We elucidate an in-depth appraisal of the might of the stromal niche that can yield promising diagnostic markers and pave avenue for new connexions that may aid in formulating tailored anti-cancer therapy.
First molecular biologically confirmed case of Dirofilaria repens in a dog in Denmark
Authors: Jensen Asger Lundorff , Krogh Anne Kirstine Havnsøe , Lundsgaard Jo Fjeldsted-Holm , Willesen Jakob Lundgren , Lyngby Janne Graarup-Hansen , Schrøder Anders Simon , Bach Maiken Bayer Thode , Berg Rebecca P.K.D.
Published: January 2023

Dirofilariasis is spreading among dogs and humans in Europe with infections being established in many countries. In Denmark, at least one to two generations of Dirofilaria spp. can occur per year. Here, we describe the first molecular biologically confirmed case of D. repens infection in a dog in Denmark.