bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Nations Healing: From Traditional Medicine to Experimental Ethnopharmacology
Authors: Efferth Thomas , Alexie Gladys , Andersch Kai , Banerjee Mita
Published: June 2020

Focusing on First Nations traditional medicine, we investigated whether traditional knowledge of medicinal plants can be validated by modern scientific methods of molecular and cellular pharmacology and whether this information is of value for improving current therapy options. Based on two projects on medicinal plants of the Gwich’in – a First Nations group on the Canadian North West Coast – we found that extracts from several plants traditionally used medically were able to kill tumor cells, including otherwise multidrug-resistant cells. Investigating medicinal plants from Indigenous communities raises questions about ownership, appropriation, and commercial use. At the same time, because of the intricacies of patent law, publishing scientific investigations on medicinal herbs represents an effective way to prevent biopiracy. Therefore, research cooperation between industrialized and developing countries, and between Western and non-Western knowledge systems will facilitate ethically sound ethnopharmacological research and merge a diversity of competencies and knowledges.
Solvent-dependent photochemical dynamics of a phenoxazine-based photoredox catalyst
Authors: Sneha Mahima , Lewis-Borrell Luke , Shchepanovska Darya , Bhattacherjee Aditi , Tyler Jasper , Orr-Ewing Andrew J.
Published: June 2020

Organic substitutes for ruthenium and iridium complexes are increasingly finding applications in chemical syntheses involving photoredox catalysis. However, the performance of these organic compounds as electron-transfer photocatalysts depends on their accessible photochemical pathways and excited state lifetimes. Here, the UV-induced dynamics of N-phenyl phenoxazine, chosen as a prototypical N-aryl phenoxazine organic photoredox catalyst, are explored in three solvents, N,N-dimethyl formamide, dichloromethane and toluene, using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. Quantum chemistry calculations reveal the locally excited or charge-transfer electronic character of the excited states, and are used to assign the transient electronic and vibrational bands observed. In toluene-d8, complete ground-state recovery is (31 ± 3) % by internal conversion (IC) from the photo-excited state (or from S1 after IC but before complete vibrational relaxation), (13 ± 2) % via direct decay from vibrationally relaxed S1 (most likely radiative decay, with an estimated radiative lifetime of 13 ns) and (56 ± 3) % via the T1 state (with intersystem crossing (ISC) rate coefficient k
ISC = (3.3 ± 0.2) × 108 s−1). In dichloromethane, we find evidence for excited state N-phenyl phenoxazine reaction with the solvent. Excited state lifetimes, ISC rates, and ground-state recovery show only modest variation with changes to the solvent environment because of the locally excited character of the S1 and T1 states.
CLIOdynamic ARCHaeology: computational approaches to Final Palaeolithic/Early Mesolithic archaeology and climate change
Authors: Riede Felix , Hussain Shumon T. , Timmreck Claudia , Svenning Jens-Christian
Published: June 2020

It is often claimed that changes in material culture signify adaptations to changing environments. Deploying novel conceptual models and computational techniques, research funded by the European Research Council seeks to reconstruct the patterns and processes of cultural transmission and adaptation at the turbulent transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene.
Benchmarking Deep Neural Network Architectures for Machining Tool Anomaly Detection
Authors: Puranik Tejas , Gharbi Aroua , Bagdatli Burak , Fischer Olivia Pinon , Mavris Dimitri N.
Published: June 2020

With the democratization of cyber-physical systems, edge computing, and large-scale data infrastructure, the volume of operational data available is continuously increasing. One of the significant challenges in current industrial research is defining a robust and scalable approach for machine health monitoring and anomaly detection. The methods that exist for such purposes rely extensively on feature engineering and are strongly dependent on the expertise of the operator, hence limiting their generalization. Deep learning techniques, on the other hand, are known to automate feature engineering and allow complex abstractions to be learned, making them particularly suitable for machine health monitoring. This paper presents a benchmarking of deep neural network architectures for the identification of machining tool anomalies on a lathe machine. The features are generated using indirect metrics such as sensor data and process variables from the machine controller, but without direct metrics like surface roughness or finished part quality. The ability of different architectures to identify incipient anomalies in tool quality is compared. A detailed treatment of various subsets of features is provided along with their relative importance to identify the minimum required parameters for accurately identifying the tool anomaly for each architecture considered. Finally, a recommendation is provided based on the results obtained on the type of architecture that is appropriate for the identification of machining tool anomalies. It is expected that the embeddings of the training data learned by the chosen network can be used for other learning tasks, such as transfer learning to another machine or anomaly type. The methodology described in this paper lends itself well to continuous monitoring through the use of scalable robust models and appropriate units of analysis for each model.
Anthropometry and bone mineral density in treated and untreated hyperphenylalaninemia
Authors: Zerjav Tansek Mojca , Bertoncel Ana , Sebez Brina , Zibert Janez , Groselj Urh , Battelino Tadej , Avbelj Stefanija Magdalena
Published: June 2020

Despite recent improvements in the composition of the diet, lower mineral bone density and overweight tendencies are incoherently described in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). The impact of dietary factors and plasma phenylalanine levels on growth, BMI, body composition, and bone mineral density was investigated in our cohort of patients with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) with or without dietary treatment. The anthropometric, metabolic, BMI and other nutritional indicators and bone mineral density were compared between the group of 96 treated patients with PKU (58 classic PKU (cPKU) and 38 patients with moderate-mild PKU defined as non-classic PKU (non-cPKU)) and the untreated group of 62 patients with benign HPA. Having compared the treated and untreated groups, there were normal outcomes and no statistically significant differences in BMI, body composition, and bone mineral density. Lower body height standard deviation scores were observed in the treated as compared to the untreated group (P < 0.001), but the difference was not significant when analyzing patients older than 18 years; however, cPKU adults were shorter compared to non-cPKU treated adults (P = 0.012). Interestingly, the whole-body fat was statistically higher in non-cPKU as compared to cPKU patients. In conclusion, the dietary treatment ensured adequate nutrition without significant consequences in BMI, body composition, and bone mineral density. A low protein diet may have delayed the growth in childhood, but the treated patients gained a normal final height. Mild untreated hyperphenylalaninemia characteristic for benign HPA had no negative physiological effect on bone mineral density.
Genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of CCDC141 variants in a Chinese cohort with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Hou Qiao , Wu Jiayu , Zhao Yaguang , Wang Xinying , Jiang Fang , Chen Dan-Na , Zheng Ruizhi , Men Meichao , Li Jia-Da
Published: June 2020

Objective:

To identify CCDC141 variants in a large Chinese cohort with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and to assess the contribution of CCDC141 to CHH.

Design:

Detailed phenotyping was conducted in CHH patients with CCDC141 variants and co-segregation analysis was performed, when possible.

Methods:

Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 177 CHH patients and 450 unrelated, ethnically matched controls from China.

Results:

Seven novel CCDC141 rare sequencing variants (RSVs) were identified in 12 CHH pedigrees. Four of the variants were private mutations; however, p.Q409X, p.Q871X and p.G1488S were identified in more than one patient. Up to 75% (9/12) of patients had mutations in other CHH-associated genes, which is significantly higher than CHH patients without CCDC141 RSVs. The co-segregation analysis for eight CHH families showed that 75% (6/8) CCDC141 RSVs were inherited from their fertile parents. Over half (58.3%, 8/18) of the patients exhibited other clinical deformities in addition to hypogonadism. One patient harbouring a CCDC141 RSV showed a reversal of CHH after sex-steroid replacement.

Conclusions:

Our results broaden the genotypic spectrum of CCDC141 in CHH, as CCDC141 RSVs alone do not appear sufficient to cause CHH. The phenotypic spectrum in patients with CCDC141 RSVs is much wider than originally believed.
Preservation of Genetic Variation in a Breeding Population for Long-Term Genetic Gain
Authors: Vanavermaete David , Fostier Jan , Maenhout Steven , De Baets Bernard
Published: June 2020

Genomic selection has been successfully implemented in plant and animal breeding. The transition of parental selection based on phenotypic characteristics to genomic selection (GS) has reduced breeding time and cost while accelerating the rate of genetic progression. Although breeding methods have been adapted to include genomic selection, parental selection often involves truncation selection, selecting the individuals with the highest genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) in the hope that favorable properties will be passed to their offspring. This ensures genetic progression and delivers offspring with high genetic values. However, several favorable quantitative trait loci (QTL) alleles risk being eliminated from the breeding population during breeding. We show that this could reduce the mean genetic value that the breeding population could reach in the long term with up to 40%. In this paper, by means of a simulation study, we propose a new method for parental mating that is able to preserve the genetic variation in the breeding population, preventing premature convergence of the genetic values to a local optimum, thus maximizing the genetic values in the long term. We do not only prevent the fixation of several unfavorable QTL alleles, but also demonstrate that the genetic values can be increased by up to 15 percentage points compared with truncation selection.
Spontaneous Polyploids and Antimutators Compete During the Evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutator Cells
Authors: Tracy Maxwell A , Lee Mitchell B , Hearn Brady L , Dowsett Ian T , Thurber Luke C , Loo Jason , Loeb Anisha M , Preston Kent , Tuncel Miles I , Ghodsian Niloufar , Bode Anna , Tang Thao T , Chia Andy R , Herr Alan J
Published: June 2020

“Mutator” tumor cells that cannot correct DNA replication errors exhibit an extremely high mutation rate that accelerates their evolution. But this gamble puts them at risk for extinction....
Efficient Transgenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans Using Flp Recombinase-Mediated Cassette Exchange
Authors: Nonet Michael L
Published: June 2020

The application of CRISPR technology has greatly facilitated the creation of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans lines. However, methods to insert multi-kilobase DNA constructs remain laborious even with these advances. Here, I describe a new approach for introducing large DNA constructs into the C. elegans genome at specific sites using a combination of Flp and Cre recombinases. The system utilizes specialized integrated landing sites that express GFP ubiquitously flanked by single loxP, FRT, and FRT3 sites. DNA sequences of interest are inserted into an integration vector that contains a sqt-1 self-excising cassette and FRT and FRT3 sites. Plasmid DNA is injected into the germline of landing site animals. Transgenic animals are identified as Rol progeny, and the sqt-1 marker is subsequently excised with heat shock Cre expression. Integration events were obtained at a rate of approximately one integration per three injected F0 animals—a rate substantially higher than any current approach. To demonstrate the robustness of the approach, I compared the efficiency of the Gal4/UAS, QF (and QF2)/QUAS, tetR(and rtetR)/tetO, and LexA/lexO bipartite expression systems by assessing expression levels in combinations of driver and reporter GFP constructs and a direct promoter GFP fusion each integrated at multiple sites in the genome. My data demonstrate that all four bipartite systems are functional in C. elegans. Although the new integration system has several limitations, it greatly reduces the effort required to create single-copy insertions at defined sites in the C. elegans genome.
Valstybės strateginio planavimo subjekto dilema
Authors: Diskienė Danuta , Marčinskas Albinas , Vakelis Virginijus
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje siekiama pagrįsti valstybės strateginio planavimo visuminio subjekto nuostatą. Šiuo požiūriu įvertinamos Lietuvos Respublikos vyriausybių veiklos programos, ūkio (ekonomikos) plėtotės, darnios raidos strategijos. Pažymimas strateginės analizės instrumento SWOT galimybių didinimas.
Teoriniai draudėjų elgsenos tyrimo aspektai ir jos apraiškos Lietuvos gyvybės draudimo paslaugų rinkoje
Authors: Kindurys Vytautas
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje, siekiant įvairiapusiškai išnagrinėti teorinius metodologinius draudėjų elgsenos tyrimo aspektus, visų pirma pateikiamas draudimo paslaugų vartotojų elgsenos sampratos apibūdinimas. Remiantis paslaugų rinkodaros, taip pat finansinių paslaugų rinkodaros teoretikų ir praktikų mokslinių tyrimų rezultatais analizuojami draudėjų elgsenos metodologiniai klausimai trimis atvejais: prieš draudimo paslaugų pirkimą, teikiant draudimo paslaugas (vartojant) ir po draudimo paslaugų įsigijimo (pirkimo). Remiantis respondentų anketinės apklausos rezultatų analize įvertinamos draudėjų elgsenos apraikos Lietuvos gyvybės draudimo paslaugų rinkoje.
Globalization and Human Resource Management
Authors: Česynienė Rima
Published: June 2020

Globalization represents the structural making of the world characterized by the free flow of technology and human resources across national boundaries as well as the spread of Information Technology and mass media presenting an everchanging and competitive business environment.The article deals with the practical consequences of globalization for human resource management (HRM). Globalization makes national culture an increasingly strategic issue that has to be faced and properly managed. The problem is the balancing of the global trends in human resource management with the influence of national culture because many aspects of HRM are affected by differences in national culture. The article analyses the major challenges arising from globalization and affecting human resource management practices in the 21st century in selected industrialized countries (United Kingdom, France, USA, Japan) and Lithuania as a new member of the EU.The general aim of the article is to analyse the problem of balancing seemingly opposing forces (globalization and the influence of national culture) and to identify trends in HRM across five countries: United Kingdom, France, USA, Japan and Lithuania.
Experiments as a Tool of Verifying Efficiency of Implicitly Agreed-Upon Market Organizations
Authors: Jakubowski Rafał M. , Kuśmierczyk Paweł
Published: June 2020

We analyse the possibility of an experimental study of the efficiency of market institutional structures. In the paper “On the new institutionalism of markets: the market as an organization” by R. Richter, the implicitly agreed upon market organization is regarded as a Nash equilibrium of a game between potential market participants. The solution of such coordination problem is not necessarily Pareto-efficient but could be efficient given assumptions of New Institutional Economics (i. e. could be NIE-efficient). This framework can be very helpful as a descriptive tool used to explain the persistence or transition of market institutions, but in can be difficult to be verified empirically.Economic experiments have been successfully applied to analyse market institutions and to compare their efficiency. In the paper, we demonstrate how this methodology could be used to analyse the “spontaneous” market organizations reached as a tacit agreement in a coordination problem. We also advocate that economic experiments can be a very useful tool to verify the efficiency of such institutions.
Mujer, léxico y usos del lenguaje en Digesto 50, 16
Authors: Campos Vargas Henry
Published: June 2020

Este artículo clasifica las palabras de D., 50, 16 de acuerdo con tres categorías: palabras relacionadas con el campo semántico de la mujer, etimologías y grecismos. Así, es posible mostrar cómo los romanos comprendieron el fenómeno de la mujer, qué tipo de métodos usaron para explicar el significado de términos legales y la presencia e importancia del griego en un contexto bilingüe.
La ‘enunciación de objeto’ en Catulo, Horacio y Marcial
Authors: Cuvardic García Dorde , Cerdas Fallas Maricela
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo identificar, analizar e interpretar ejemplos de enunciación de objeto en textos de los autores romanos Catulo, Horacio y Marcial. La enunciación de objeto se caracteriza por ofrecer una subjetividad propia, procedente de las cosas, las materias primas, los objetos de la naturaleza o los animales. Se distingue, de esta manera, de la enunciación de las fábulas (donde los animales no son sino transposiciones alegóricas de los intereses y las prácticas humanas) y del relato maravilloso, en el que los objetos intervienen en las acciones humanas (y en ocasiones las enjuician). La enunciación de objeto en la literatura y la cultura grecolatina se puede considerar como un precedente de la it-fiction, subgénero de la literatura satírica occidental de los siglos XVIII y XIX donde monedas, objetos manufacturados y animales que circulaban en la sociedad ofrecían una crítica de la sociedad de su tiempo.
Fungal endophytes: isolation and diversity among Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) organs
Authors: Vianna M. F. , Pelizza S. , Russo M. L. , Rodriguez S. , Scorsetti A. C.
Published: June 2020

The diversity of fungal endophytes is poorly known and particularly in the case of Nicotiana tabacum, the literature is limited. The present study assessed and compared the diversity and distribution of endophytic fungi between different organs of tobacco plants. We calculated the relative frequency and rates of colonisation and of isolation of endophytic fungi in roots, stems and leaves, as well as the Shannon–Wiener and Simpson diversity indexes. Similarities between assemblages from the studied organs were also analysed. A total of 1588 endophytic fungal strains assigned to 31 morphospecies were isolated. The highest diversity of endophytes was found in leaves, being Fusarium graminearum and Alternaria botrytis the most common fungal species. This study provides information on the distribution of fungal endophytes inhabiting leaves, stems, and roots of N. tabacum and thus can serve as a starting point for increasing our comprehension on the interactions in which these fungi are involved.
Notes and schedae to lichenes delicati exsiccati editae in memoriam Antonín Vězda (1920–2008), Fasc. 5
Authors: Farkas E.
Published: June 2020

Lichenes Delicati Exsiccati Editae of little, fine, special lichens is edited in honour of Antonín Vězda (1920–2008). The fifth fascicle of the exsiccate is consisted of 20 species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi and distributed to 12 lichen herbaria of the world. Collectors are K. Buaruang, D. Kalb, K. Kalb, G. E. Lee, L. Lőkös, A. Mertens, W. Polyiam, T. Pócs, W. Saipunkaew, D. Tang, N. Varga and E. Farkas.
Pollen morphology of some Tamarix (Tamaricaceae) species of Iran
Authors: Shagholi T. , Keshavarzi M. , Sheidai M.
Published: June 2020

Tamarix L. (Tamaricaceae) is a halophytic shrub in different parts of Asia and North Africa. Taxonomy and species limitation of Tamarix is very complex. This genus has three sections as Tamarix, Oligadenia, and Polyadenia, which are mainly separated by petal length, the number of stamens, the shape of androecial disk and attachment of filament on the androecial disk. As there was no palynological data on pollen features of Tamarix species of Iran, in the present study 12 qualitative and quantitative pollen features were evaluated to find diagnostic ones. Pollen grains of 8 Tamarix species were collected from nature. Pollen grains were studied without any treatment. Measurements were based on at least 50 pollen grains per specimen. Light and scanning electron microscopes were used. Multivariate statistical methods were applied to clarify the species relationships based on pollen data. All species studied showed monad and tricolpate (except some individuals of T. androssowii). Some Tamarix species show a high level of variability, in response to ecological niches and phenotypic plasticity, which make Tamarix species separation much more difficult. Based on the results of the present study, pollen grains features are not in agreement with previous morphological and molecular genetics about the sectional distinction.
İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Medya Dini Paylaşım Tutumları
Authors: YAVUZ Sefer
Published: June 2020

Günümüzde sosyal medya kullanıcıları, çeşitli sosyal içeriklere muhatap olmaktadır. Araştırmalar, kullanıcıların bunlar arasında dini içeriklerle de sıkça karşılaştığını göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede onlar, dini bilgi paylaşımı başta olmak üzere bir kısım dini pratikleri gerçekleştirme, onlara katılma ve sanal dini cemaatlere ya da dini grupların sanal görünürlüğünü temsilen oluşturulmuş bir takım çevrimiçi platformlara üyelik gibi aktivitelerle sanal dini tecrübe yaşama veya dini tecrübelerini bu sanal platrormlarda ifade etme imkanı bulmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, aktif sosyal medya kullanıcısı ilahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerinin sosyal medya dini paylaşım tutumları ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla “dini içerik değerlendirme” ve “dini içerik paylaşma” olmak üzere iki alt boyuttan meydana gelen sosyal medya dini paylaşım ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Sosyal medya dini paylaşım tutumlarının cinsiyet, sınıf, üniversite, günlük internette gezinme süresi ve günlük sosyal medyada gezinme süresine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde örneklemin sosyal medyadaki dini içeriklere karşı genel olarak sorgulayıcı bir tutuma sahip oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Kutsal Dünyanın Virüsle İmtihanı: Post-Pandemik Dönem ve Din
Authors: IMIL Muhittin
Published: June 2020

Yeryüzünün bilinen tarihinde insanlığın karşılaştığı büyük salgın hastalıklar, aynı zamanda sonuçları itibariyle büyük sosyal, siyasi, ticari ve ideolojik değişimlere vesile olmuştur. Her büyük salgın sonrası, insanlık kendisini yeniden kurgulayarak form değiştirmiştir. Hâlihazırda bütün insanlığı tehdit etmeye devam eden salgının da öncüllerine benzer şekilde büyük değişimleri tetiklediği değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmanın konusu itibariyle insanlığın idrak edeceği en önemli değişimlerden birisi de bireysel dindarlık algıları ve dini bilginin üretim merkezleri olan dini yapılanmalarda gerçekleşecek gibi görünmektedir. Her büyük salgın, aynı zamanda büyük bir travma yarattığından, takip eden dönemde insanlığın anlam arayışı yeniden şekillenmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, post-pandemik dönem olarak isimlendirilen salgın sonrası dönemde bireysel dindarlık yönelimleri ve dini bilginin üretim merkezleri olan dinlerle birlikte sırf dini grupların geleceği konusunda öngörülerde bulunmaktır. Bununla birlikte söz konusu dönemde devlet mekanizması tarafından bireyin artan anlam arayışı, değişen bireysel dindarlık algıları ve sırf dini grupların olası yeni yapılanmalarını dikkate almak suretiyle alınması gereken tedbirler ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Pentekostal Hıristiyanlığın Kiliseler Arasında Konumu
Authors: TOPCAN Özlem
Published: June 2020

Protestanlığın evanjelik kanadı içinde XX. yüzyılda bir akım olarak ortaya çıkan Pentekostal Hıristiyanlık, kutsalı tamamıyla bireysel deneyimlerde arayan ve ruhsal birliği vurgulayan mistik bir dini harekettir. Farklı söylem ve örgütlenme yapısıyla Hıristiyanlığın dünya geneline yayılmasında önemli bir görev üstlenen hareketin, Roma Katolikliğinden sonra ikinci büyük grup olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla mevcut geniş kitlesi bu hareketin Hıristiyan birliği içerisindeki yerinin ne olduğu sorusunu akla getirmektedir. Bu nedenle hareketin Kuzey Amerika’da ortaya çıkışından günümüze kadar uluslararası ökümenik meselelere yaklaşımının irdelenmesi önemli görülmüştür. Çalışmamız; Pentekostal Hıristiyanlık ile Küresel Ökümenik hareket arasındaki ilişkinin durumunu geçmişten günümüze ortaya koymayı ve ökümenik misyona Pentekostal katılımı teşvik eden ökümenizm hakkında bilgiler/yöntemler sunabilmeyi hedeflemektedir.
Kur’an Kursu Öğreticilerine Göre 4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğreticisi, Öğrencisi ve Öğrenci Velisinin İhtiyaç ve Beklentileri (Kırıkkale Örneği
Authors: YAZIBAŞI Muhammed Ali
Published: June 2020

Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı tarafından açılan 4-6 yaş Kur’an kurslarının amacı, çocukların İslam dininin değerlerinin insan hayatına anlam kazandıran olgulardan biri olduğunu fark etmelerini, Kur’an-ı Kerim’i ses ve şekil olarak tanımalarını, sağlıklı bir din ve ahlak gelişimini sağlamaktır. Kurslarda uygulanan müfredat akademisyenler ve okul öncesi öğretmenlerinden oluşan ekip tarafından hazırlanmaktadır. İlahiyat Fakültesi, İlitam, Ön lisans İlahiyat ve İmam-Hatip lisesi mezunu olup halk eğitim merkezi, üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim merkezleri, Başkanlık tarafından düzenlenen programlardan sertifika alan öğreticiler bu kurslarda görev yapmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı da 4-6 yaş Kur’an kursu öğreticilerinin tecrübelerinden yola çıkarak söz konusu kurslarda görev yapan öğreticilerin yeterlikleri, öğrenci ve öğrenci velileri ile ilgili deneyimlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışmada nitel veri toplama yöntemlerinden görüşme ve doküman analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 18 kurs öğreticisiyle görüşme yapılmış, elde edilen verilerin içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Birbirine benzeyen veriler belirli kavram ve temalar çerçevesinde bir araya getirilerek yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğreticilerin pedagojik formasyon bakımından kendilerini yetersiz gördükleri tespit edilmiştir. Hizmetiçi eğitimlerin teori ağırlıklı ve uzun aralıklarla yapıldığı, veli eğitiminin gerekliliği ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca velilerin çocuklarının okula hazırlanması yönünde taleplerinin olduğu, kurstan mezun olup ilkokula başlayan öğrencilerin akademik başarı gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu başarıya öğreticilerin bireysel gayretleri ile ulaşıldığı, kursu müfredatında çocukları okula hazırlayıcı içerik olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
ECONOMÍA FINANCIERA EN EL CONTEXTO ESCOLAR EN ESPAÑA: MARCANDO IDEOLÓGICAMENTE LA EDUCACIÓN.
Authors: Almagro-Lominchar Juan , Fernández-Larragueta Susana , Fernández-Sierra Juan
Published: June 2020

Este artículo emerge de una investigación llevada a cabo en un centro escolar en la comunidad autónoma andaluza, en España, que, acogiéndose a la actual Ley Orgánica 8/2013, de 9 de diciembre, para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa (LOMCE), contempla la asignatura de Economía en el ciclo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO), en cuarto curso. El objetivo esencial de esta investigación ha sido indagar las directrices que la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo (OCDE) establece para incorporar la educación financiera a los currículos educativos, y el reflejo de las mismas en el contexto escolar. Para ello, hemos realizado un diseño de corte naturalista basado en un estudio instrumental de caso, llevado a cabo en un instituto de ESO de la comunidad andaluza. En cuanto a los resultados y conclusiones, damos especial relevancia al tándem formado por la LOMCE y los organismos económicos e instituciones financieras en la definición de las políticas educativas que trazan la enseñanza de contenidos de Economía en la escuela, así como la incidencia de las mismas en la construcción de esquemas mentales, referidos a lo económico, por parte del alumnado de esta asignatura.
The Columbinus Prophecy: Evidence Form Late Medieval Wales
Authors: Falileyev Alexander
Published: June 2020

The article examines the transmission of the Columbinus prophecy in late medieval Wales. It argues that the Latin next in NLW Peniarth MS 50 is a copy from the lost exemplar on the basis of the analysis of the Welsh translation of the prophecy, the earliest copy of which pre-dates compilation
of this codex. The discussion of the extant Welsh and Latin texts known in Britain allows reconstruction of a number of features of the exemplar, and dated it to the 1360s, nearly a century earlier than Peniarth MS 50. This makes the exemplar one of the earliest sources for the circulation
of the Latin Prophecy in the British Isles. The paper also considers reasons for the inclusion of the prophecy in late medieval manuscripts in Wales.
The School Meals Service in Wales, c.1906–1944
Authors: Grigg Russell
Published: June 2020

This article explores a relatively neglected theme, namely the development of the school meals service in Wales in the first half of the twentieth century. Drawing on archival research, the article highlights the complexities of implementing policy. It is organized in two sections.
The first outlines the main developments between the permissive Education (Provision of Meals) Act of 1906 and the Education Act of 1944, which compelled local authorities to provide a midday meal and set nutritional guidelines for schools. The second section discusses factors that affected
the school meals service in Wales: parental responsibility, eligibility, cost, stigma and the quality of food, which collectively hindered progress. The article concludes that despite growing interventionist policies between 1906 and 1944, local authorities in Wales struggled to reach a consensus
over how best to implement legislation, and progress remained uneven.
Funciones ejecutivas en niños escolarizados con alta y baja creatividad
Authors: Krumm Gabriela Liliana , Arán Filippetti Vanessa , Kimel Evelyn
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el perfil de funcionamiento ejecutivo característicoen niños creativos.

Método: Participaron 200 niños y niñas escolarizados de la provincia de Entre Ríos, República Argentina,seleccionados por medio de un muestreo intencional. La creatividad se evaluó por medio de la pruebade figuras del Test de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance (TTCT), Forma A y la prueba verbal CREA C,inteligencia creativa. Como medida de las Funciones Ejecutivas (FE), se emplearon diferentes pruebaspara valorar cada dominio: (1) subtest de memoria de trabajo del WISC IV; (2) Stroop, test de colores ypalabras, para inhibición; (3) WCST computarizado, para flexibilidad cognitiva reactiva y Fluidez verbal yFive Point Test para fluidez cognitiva espontánea, y (4) Laberintos de Porteus para valorar la planificación.Para estudiar perfiles de funcionamiento ejecutivo se realizaron MANCOVAS ingresando la inteligenciacomo covariable.

Resultados: Los resultados del presente estudio sugieren la existencia de un perfil de FE en niñoscreativos en función de su desempeño en la prueba de figuras del TTCT (F de Hotelling (7, 90) = 3.404;p = .003, η2 parcial = .21) y del CREA C (F de Hotelling (7, 98) = 8.831; p < .001, η2 parcial = .39).

Conclusión: Los hallazgos del presente estudio muestran que los niños con mayor creatividad, tantoen tareas de dibujo como en tareas verbales, presentan un perfil de FE caracterizado por una mayorcapacidad de memoria de trabajo, inhibición y flexibilidad cognitiva espontánea. Sin embargo, pareceríaque la naturaleza de la tarea es un factor que podría modular la contribución de los procesos cognitivosde alto orden al potencial creativo.
relación entre emociones y estrategias de afrontamiento ante la reprobación en estudiantes universitarios.
Authors: Reyes Pérez Verónica , Alcázar-Olán Raúl J. , Collazo Saldaña Ana Dulce Karina , De la Roca Chiapas José María
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Identificar las diferencias (hombres y mujeres) y la relación entre emociones y las estrategiasde afrontamiento en estudiantes universitarios cuando reprueban un examen al inicio del ciclo escolar.

Método: Estudio no experimental de tipo transversal con múltiples variables continuas. Participaron1,774 universitarios mexicanos (54 % mujeres y 46 % hombres), media de edad 20.72 (DE = 2.27).Se utilizaron dos instrumentos, a saber, Escala de emociones cuando repruebas: desagrado, culpa,vergüenza, tristeza, miedo, frustración, enojo, angustia, indiferencia (α = .94); y Estrategias de afrontamientocuando repruebas: gritar, culpar a otro, reflexionar, reprobar el examen, buscar asesoría, evitarhablar del tema, evitar pensar en eso, fingir estar bien, estar en redes sociales, escuchar música, salir conamigos, salir solo(a), contarle a mi familia (α = .88).

Resultados: Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre mujeres y hombres en todoslos factores de la intensidad de las emociones cuando repruebas. En cuanto a las estrategias de afrontamiento más utilizadas tanto para las mujeres (M = 2.96, DE = 0.66) como en los hombres (M = 2.69,DE = 0.67) fueron las Asertivas y de autoconstructivas y las menos las Agresivo-defensivas; en cuanto alas estrategias de Evasión si bien no mostraron diferencias entre hombres (M = 2.00; DE = 0.78) y mujeres(M = 2.11; DE = 0.84), sin embargo, en las correlaciones de la muestra en general fueron las que tuvieronlas puntuaciones más altas con las emociones (r = .53**), seguidas de las Búsqueda de soluciones(r = .38**) y Asertivas y autocríticas (r = .42**). Al realizar los análisis contrastados entre mujeres (r =50**) hombres (r = .56**) nuevamente las estrategias de Evasión fueron las que más correlacionaroncon los factores emocionales (r = .50**).

Conclusiones: Si bien se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres ymujeres en la intensidad de las emociones, y fueron ellas quienes reportaron una mayor intensidad, nose encontraron diferencias en las estrategias de afrontamiento agresivo-defensivas, evasión y búsquedade apoyo; el solicitar ayuda es un indicativo de que son capaces de reconocer que tienen un problemaque sobrepasa sus habilidades en ese momento. Conocer qué emociones experimentan y qué estrategiasde afrontamiento utilizan los universitarios cuando reprueban, proporciona al personal encargadode apoyarlos el poder implementar acciones que les ayuden a afianzar y darle continuidad a su trayectoriaacadémica. Es importante apoyar a los estudiantes, ya que las estrategias de afrontamiento quemostraron mayores correlaciones con las emociones fueron las de evasión, lo cual puede traerles consecuenciasnegativas como el pasar de reprobar un examen a reprobar la asignatura.
Glioblastoma and Increased Survival with Longer Chemotherapy Duration
Authors: Jaoude Dory Abou , Moore Joseph A , Moore Matthew B , Twumasi-Ankrah Philip , Ablah Elizabeth , Moore Dennis F.
Published: June 2020

Introduction

The five-year survival rate for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is low at approximately 4.7%. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) remains the standard of care. The optimal duration of therapy with TMZ is unknown. This study sought to evaluate the survival benefit of two years of treatment.

Methods

This was a retrospective chart review of all patients diagnosed with GBM and treated with TMZ for up to two years between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2011. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to estimate the progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS). The results were compared to historical controls and data from previous clinical trials of patients treated up to one year.

Results

Data from 56 patients with confirmed GBM were evaluated. The OS probability was 54% (SE = 0.068) at one year, 28.3% (SE = 0.064) at two years, 17.8% (SE = 0.059) at three years, and 4% (SE = 0.041) at five years. Seven patients (12.5%) were treated with TMZ for two years. Their median time-to-progression was 28 months (95% CI = 5.0 - 28.0), and they had an increased survival probability at three years compared to other patients (log-rank test χ2 (1, N = 56) = 19.2, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

There may be an advantage for a longer duration of TMZ therapy among patients with GBM, but the sample size was too small for generalization. A multicenter prospective study is needed to dentify optimal duration of TMZ therapy.
Initial Response of Mature, Experienced Runners to Barefoot Running: Transition to Forefoot Strike
Authors: Mullen Scott M. , Toby E. Bruce , Mar Damon E. , Bechtold Megan , Vopat Bryan G. , Melugin Heath , McIff Terence E.
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Forefoot strike has been advocated for many runnersbecause of the relatively lower impact and push-off forces comparedto a heel strike. The purpose of this study was to explore the abilityof mature (> 30 years old), experienced runners to transition from aheel foot strike to a forefoot strike when first introduced to barefootrunning on a treadmill. We hypothesized: 1) mature runners who heelstrike while wearing traditional training shoes would persist in heelstriking immediately following a switch to barefoot, 2) mean shoeheel-to-toe drop would be significantly greater in runners who persistin heel striking when running barefoot compared to those who transitionto a forefoot strike pattern, and 3) there would be a significantdecrease in heel striking in the barefoot condition as running speedsincreased.

Methods

This was a controlled crossover laboratory study. Thirty-three experienced runners (average 23.4 miles per week) withan average age of 45.6 years were recruited for this study. The participantsfirst ran in their standard running shoes and subsequentlybarefoot. A motion capture system was utilized to detect and analyzeany transition from heel strike to forefoot strike made by study participants.

Results

Of the 26 participants who were classified as heel strikerunners in their running shoes, 50% (13/26, p = 0.001) transitionedto forefoot strike when changing from running in shoes to runningbarefoot.

Conclusions

The injuries associated with transition from standardrunning shoes to barefoot running or minimalist shoes may be influencedby the persistence of heel striking in mature runners. Olderexperienced runners may have limited ability to transition from heelto forefoot striking when first introduced to barefoot running. Maturerunners should be cautious when beginning a minimalist shoe orbarefoot running regimen.
Return to Sport after Surgical Treatment of Lisfranc Injuries in Athletes: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Vopat Bryan G. , Vopat Matthew L. , Van Dijk Pim A.D. , Hazzard Sean , McKinnon Kayla , Asnis Peter D. , Theodore George H.
Published: June 2020

Introduction

A Lisfranc injury can be a devastating injury in athletes,and if inadequately treated, may lead to chronic pain and lossof function. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate andtime until return to sport after surgical fixation for a ligamentous Lisfrancinjury. We hypothesized that open reduction and screw fixationof a ligamentous Lisfranc injury can be a successful treatment in theathletic population and allow patients to return to sport at close totheir preinjury level of play.

Methods

All patients who were analyzed underwent repair of aligamentous Lisfranc injury with open reduction and screw fixationby a single surgeon, were between 18 - 40 years old at time of theirfinal follow up, and were identified as being an athlete (either recreationalor competitive). Eligible patients were given a questionnairethat included if they were able to return to sport, time until return tosport, subjective percentage of pre-injury level of play, current pain(0 - 10), and complications.

Results

Eleven patients were identified as athletes. Ten (91%) wereavailable for follow-up with a mean of 36.5 months (range, 14 - 60).The average age was 25.4 years (range, 15 - 37) at time of surgery.Eighty percent (8/10) were able to return to sport. The average timeuntil return to sport was 29.4 weeks (range, 22 - 52) with an averagesubjective value of their pre-injury level of play of 87% (range, 70 -100%). However, 67% (6/9) of the athletes had occasional pain withsport with an average pain level of 2.1 (range, 0 - 5). Two patientshad complications, a superficial infection and a deep vein thrombosis.

Conclusion

Most athletes were able to return to sport after undergoingopen reduction and internal fixation of a ligamentous Lisfrancinjury by less than 30 weeks post-surgery with a subjective value of87% of their previous function. However, the majority of the patientsalso experienced some residual pain with their respective sport.These findings suggested that athletes with a ligamentous Lisfrancinjury can have reliably good outcomes with operative repair.
Antes del regreso definitivo
Authors: Fernández-Martorell Mercedes
Published: June 2020

Este texto, de carácter testimonial y biográfico, quiere ser un homenaje compartido a la memoria de quien fue maestro de antropólogos y, al mismo tiempo, el creador de la mayoría de las estructuras institucionales que permitieron la consolidación de nuestra disciplina en Cataluña. El alcance de su obra pionera es indispensable, también, para entender la forma en que la antropología social encontró su lugar en las estructuras universitarias y de investigación de España. La trayectoria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat vino marcada, ante todo, por la Guerra Civil española, que supuso su exilio en México (1939-1956). Su periplo vital supuso más cambios residenciales: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nuevo México (2002- 2016). En septiembre de 2017 murió en su Barcelona natal, justo cuando estaba a punto de cumplir 99 años.
Mis recuerdos de don Claudio Esteva
Authors: Rodríguez Becerra Salvador
Published: June 2020

Este texto, de carácter testimonial y biográfico, quiere ser un homenaje compartido a la memoria de quien fue maestro de antropólogos y, al mismo tiempo, el creador de la mayoría de las estructuras institucionales que permitieron la consolidación de nuestra disciplina en Cataluña. El alcance de su obra pionera es indispensable, también, para entender la forma en que la antropología social encontró su lugar en las estructuras universitarias y de investigación de España. La trayectoria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat vino marcada, ante todo, por la Guerra Civil española, que supuso su exilio en México (1939-1956). Su periplo vital supuso más cambios residenciales: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nuevo México (2002- 2016). En septiembre de 2017 murió en su Barcelona natal, justo cuando estaba a punto de cumplir 99 años.
Claudi Esteva: Introducció a l’Antropologia Cultural
Authors: Comas d’Argemir Dolors
Published: June 2020

Aquest text, de caràcter testimonial i biogràfic, vol ser un homenatge compartit a la memòria de qui fou mestre d’antropòlegs i, al mateix temps, el creador de la majoria de les estructures institucionals que van permetre la consolidació de la nostra disciplina a Catalunya. L’abast de la seva obra pionera és indispensable, també, per a entendre la manera com l’antropologia social va trobar el seu lloc a les estructures universitàries i de recerca de l’Estat espanyol. La trajectòria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat va venir marcada, abans que res, per la Guerra Civil espanyola, que va suposar el seu exili a Mèxic (1939-1956). El seu periple vital va suposar més canvis residencials: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nou Mèxic (2002-2016). El mes de setembre de 2017 va morir a la seva Barcelona natal, just quan estava a punt de complir 99 anys.
Introducció
Authors: Pujadas Joan J.
Published: June 2020

Aquest text, de caràcter testimonial i biogràfic, vol ser un homenatge compartit a la memòria de qui fou mestre d’antropòlegs i, al mateix temps, el creador de la majoria de les estructures institucionals que van permetre la consolidació de la nostra disciplina a Catalunya. L’abast de la seva obra pionera és indispensable, també, per a entendre la manera com l’antropologia social va trobar el seu lloc a les estructures universitàries i de recerca de l’Estat espanyol. La trajectòria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat va venir marcada, abans que res, per la Guerra Civil espanyola, que va suposar el seu exili a Mèxic (1939-1956). El seu periple vital va suposar més canvis residencials: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nou Mèxic (2002-2016). El mes de setembre de 2017 va morir a la seva Barcelona natal, just quan estava a punt de complir 99 anys.
Laudatio del Dr. Claudi Esteva: el paper institucionalitzador
Authors: Prat Carós Joan
Published: June 2020

Aquest text, de caràcter testimonial i biogràfic, vol ser un homenatge compartit a la memòria de qui fou mestre d’antropòlegs i, al mateix temps, el creador de la majoria de les estructures institucionals que van permetre la consolidació de la nostra disciplina a Catalunya. L’abast de la seva obra pionera és indispensable, també, per a entendre la manera com l’antropologia social va trobar el seu lloc a les estructures universitàries i de recerca de l’Estat espanyol. La trajectòria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat va venir marcada, abans que res, per la Guerra Civil espanyola, que va suposar el seu exili a Mèxic (1939-1956). El seu periple vital va suposar més canvis residencials: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nou Mèxic (2002-2016). El mes de setembre de 2017 va morir a la seva Barcelona natal, just quan estava a punt de complir 99 anys.
Laudatio del Dr. Claudi Esteva: el paper investigador
Authors: Martínez Hernáez Àngel
Published: June 2020

Aquest text, de caràcter testimonial i biogràfic, vol ser un homenatge compartit a la memòria de qui fou mestre d’antropòlegs i, al mateix temps, el creador de la majoria de les estructures institucionals que van permetre la consolidació de la nostra disciplina a Catalunya. L’abast de la seva obra pionera és indispensable, també, per a entendre la manera com l’antropologia social va trobar el seu lloc a les estructures universitàries i de recerca de l’Estat espanyol. La trajectòria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat va venir marcada, abans que res, per la Guerra Civil espanyola, que va suposar el seu exili a Mèxic (1939-1956). El seu periple vital va suposar més canvis residencials: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nou Mèxic (2002-2016). El mes de setembre de 2017 va morir a la seva Barcelona natal, just quan estava a punt de complir 99 anys.
Fragments d’infància i de joventut de Claudi Esteva Fabregat
Authors: Alcañiz Rodríguez Berta
Published: June 2020

Aquest text, de caràcter testimonial i biogràfic, vol ser un homenatge compartit a la memòria de qui fou mestre d’antropòlegs i, al mateix temps, el creador de la majoria de les estructures institucionals que van permetre la consolidació de la nostra disciplina a Catalunya. L’abast de la seva obra pionera és indispensable, també, per a entendre la manera com l’antropologia social va trobar el seu lloc a les estructures universitàries i de recerca de l’Estat espanyol. La trajectòria vital de Claudi Esteva Fabregat va venir marcada, abans que res, per la Guerra Civil espanyola, que va suposar el seu exili a Mèxic (1939-1956). El seu periple vital va suposar més canvis residencials: Madrid (1956-1968), Barcelona (1968-2002), de nou Mèxic (2002-2016). El mes de setembre de 2017 va morir a la seva Barcelona natal, just quan estava a punt de complir 99 anys.