bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Handgrip Strength Weakness and Asymmetry with Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms in Older Chinese Adults
Authors: Abudukelimu Nazhakaiti , Du Jing , Zhang Peng , Li Min , Shen Yupei , Mao Yanyan , Wang Difei , Zhu Qianxi
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the association betweenhandgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry and weakness with cognitive function and depressive symptoms among 920 adults aged above 60 years in suburban Shanghai. Participants were selected using a multistage cluster-stratified sampling approach. Assessments included HGS measured with a dynamometer, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognition, and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) for depressive symptoms. Restricted cubic splines revealed a positive association between dominant HGS and MoCA scores, indicatingbetter cognitive performance, and a negative association with GDS scores, suggesting fewer depressive symptoms. The association between the HGS ratio and MoCA scores and the HGS ratio and GDS scores varied by sex. Women with HGS weakness alone (odds ratio (OR)=2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.17–3.37), asymmetry alone (OR=1.93, 95% CI=1.14–3.29), or both had a significantly increased risk of mild cognitive impairment, with no such associations observed in men. These findings suggest that a sufficiently dominant and symmetrical HGS may be associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline and depressive symptoms, particularly in women. This study emphasizes the need for sex-specific assessments and prevention strategies to address cognitive and mental health issues among older adults.
Upward Lumbar Disc Extrusion: An Unusual Case Study with Unique Clinical Implications
Authors: Zhou Junge
Published: July 2024

Background Lumbar disc extrusion is a common spinal disease, but very high-grade lumbar disc extrusion is relatively rare, especially among young patients. This study reports a case of very high-grade lumbar disc extrusion in a young male patient and explores its clinical features, treatment, and prognosis. Case Report: A 36 year-old male patient with a previously healthy medical history was admitted to the hospital due to "low back pain and leg pain for half a month, with aggravation for 4 days." Lumbar MRI plain scan and enhancement revealed an abnormal signal in the vertebral canal at the level of the L3 vertebra, suggesting: 1. Disc cyst; 2. Epidural hematoma. Surgical exploration of the vertebral canal and excision of the extruded lumbar disc were performed, resulting in complete resolution of the patient's symptoms of low back pain and leg pain. Conclusion Very high-grade lumbar disc extrusion in young patients is a rare case. Through literature review, the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment methods of this disease were summarized, providing suggestions for its diagnosis and treatment.
Kinetic Modeling of Escherichia coli Removal Mechanisms in Faecal Sludge on Unplanted Sand-Drying Beds Using Moringa Oleifera as a Conditioner
Authors: Mmasi Doglas Benjaminn , Sanka Paulo Martin
Published: July 2024

This study explores the mechanisms behind the removal of Escherichia coli in unplanted sand drying beds using Moringa Oleifera (MO) as a natural conditioner. A comprehensive model predicting the bacterial removal rate (Ko) was developed by examining factors like adsorption, diffusion, filtration, solar radiation, temperature, and MO conditioning. Field experiments were conducted at the University of Dar es Salaam's dewatering facility, involving different sand bed configurations and operating conditions. The data showed a non-normal distribution of fecal sludge characteristics, necessitating non-parametric statistical tests. Adsorption, diffusion, and filtration accounted for 64.3% of bacterial removal, while MO conditioning contributed 34.7%. Solar radiation and temperature had negligible effects and were excluded from the model. The kinetic model for Ko was formulated as Ko = 1.5 * 10− 6 * (µ/d) * (T/µ)0.66 * (t)−0.33 + 5.54/(tCn), involving sludge viscosity, particle diameter, temperature, contact time, MO concentration, and dilution factor. The model showed strong correlation (R²=0.8526) with experimental data when validated. The study highlights MO's efficacy as a sustainable, eco-friendly conditioner for enhancing bacterial removal in fecal sludge treatment.
Influence of COVID-19 Vaccination on Treatment-Related Adverse Events and Oncologic Outcomes of Non-metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Minglong , Zhang Bin , Pan Yufei , Lin Xiaoping , Luo Guanhong , Xie Yuan , Ruan Xiaolan , Pan Yu , Liang Yi , Wang Defeng , Wei Yuejia , Chen Hengwei , Tang Guorong , Jiang Wei
Published: July 2024

Background: The influence of COVID-19 vaccination on treatment of non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who were newly diagnosed after the widespread vaccination against COVID-19 and subsequently treated withchemoradiotherapy is not known.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, patients in the vaccinated group had received at least one COVID-19 vaccination before chemoradiotherapy and those in the control group had not. Propensity score matching was used to minimize potential selection bias between groups. Primary endpoints were acute and late treatment-relatedadverse events (TRAEs). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS) at 2 years.
Results: Our study enrolled 893 patients with newly diagnosed non-metastatic NPC between May 2020 and December 2021. At last follow-up on December 31, 2023, the median follow-up was 31.6 months (interquartile range [IQR], 28 to 35.5 months). On propensity score matching analysis, vaccinated group had higher prevalence of grade-3–4 neutropenia (24.2% vs. 18.0%, P=0.048), grade-1–2 fatigue (41.9% vs. 23.9%, P＜0.001), grade-1–2 nausea/vomiting (66.7% vs. 58.4%, P=0.026) during induction chemotherapy, and grade-1–2 fatigue (58.4% vs. 43.1%, P＜0.001) during radiotherapy. No significant differences were observed in OS (97.6% vs. 98.5%, P=0.401), PFS (91.7% vs. 87.9%, P=0.097), DMFS (93.2% vs. 91.4%, P=0.385), or LRRFS (95.3% vs. 94.1%, P=0.494) at 2 years in matched groups.
Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination is associated with higher prevalence of acute TRAEs, while no significant influence is observed on the oncologic outcomes of patients with non-metastatic NPC.
Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Respiratory Support
Authors: Cui Tao , Lui Jie , Chen Bin , Yu Chuangwei , Hu Yunli , Bao Chuanfei , Zhao Shuguang
Published: July 2024

Background To investigate healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the application of respiratory support. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 15,2023 to December 14,2023 at Multiple hospitals. Demographic information, alongside scores measuring knowledge and attitudes, was gathered through the dissemination of questionnaires. Results A total of 517 valid questionnaires were enrolled, including 284 (54.9%) nurses, and 269 (52%) had worked for less than 10 years. The median of knowledge, attitude, and practice were 20 (possible range: 11–22), 26 (possible range: 7–35), and 38 (possible range: 9–45), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that lower than 20 of knowledge score (OR = 0.441, 95% CI: [0.297, 0.657], P < 0.001), lower than 26 of attitude score (OR = 0.493, 95% CI: [0.335, 0.724], P < 0.001), lower than 40 of MBI-GS Scale score (OR = 1.857, 95% CI: [1.256, 2.746], P = 0.002), aged 40 years and above (OR = 0.470, 95% CI: [0.264, 0.837], P = 0.010), being nurse (OR = 0.627, 95% CI: [0.424, 0.928], P = 0.020), and no training in respiratory support in the last six months (OR = 0.590, 95% CI: [0.403, 0.866], P = 0.007) were independently associated with practice. Conclusions Healthcare professionals had sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and proactive practices regarding the application of respiratory support. Healthcare institutions should prioritize continuous education and training programs focusing on respiratory support, especially for nurses and older professionals, to enhance clinical practice and patient outcomes.
miRNA biomarkers to predict risk of primary non-function of fatty allografts and drug induced acute liver failures
Authors: Schönberg Juliette , Borlak Jürgen
Published: July 2024

Background: Primary non-function (PNF) of an allograft defines an irreversible graft failure and although rare, constitutes a life-threatening condition that requires high-urgency re-transplantation. Equally, drug induced acute liver failures (ALF) are seldom but the rapid loss of hepatic function may require orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT). Recently, we reported the development of a PNF-disease model of fatty allografts and showed that a dysfunctional Cori and Krebs cycle and inhibition of lactate transporters constitute a mechanism of PNF. We identified highly regulated miRNAs and their target genes and selected 15 miRNA-biomarker candidates for clinical validation. Our study aimed at their clinical validation. Additionally, we assessed their diagnostic value in ALF. We performed RT-qPCRs of 15 miRNA-biomarker candidates in well-documented PNF cases following OLT of fatty allografts. To assess specificity and selectivity, we compared their regulation in pre- and intraoperative liver biopsies and post-operative in blood samples of patients undergoing elective hepatobiliary surgery.
Results: We confirmed regulation of 11 PNF-associated miRNAs in clinical PNF cases and found expression of miRNA-27b-3p, miRNA-122-3p, miRNA-125a-5p, miRNA-125b-5p and miRNA-192-5p to correlate with the hepatic steatosis grade. Furthermore, we demonstrate selectivity and specificity for the biomarker candidates with opposite regulation of let-7b-5p, miRNA-122-5p, miRNA-125b-5p and miRNA-194-5p in blood samples of patients following successful OLTs and/or liver resection. Strikingly, and based on 21 independent studies, eight PNF-associated miRNAs are also regulated in ALF.
Conclusions: We report miRNAs highly regulated in PNF and ALF. Their common regulation in different diseases broadens the perspective as biomarker candidates for an identification of patients at risk for PNF and ALF.
Genetic structure of Saccharina japonica in Japan and finding of a potential mitochondrial region for identification of geographic origin
Authors: Chizaki Kenta , Kawagoe Chikara , Ito Keiko , Mizuta Hiroyuki , Yoshida Yuya , Uji Toshiki , Fujita Daisuke , Akita Shingo
Published: July 2024

Essential information for the conservation unit is still unclear in commercially important kelpSaccharina japonica. Previous analyses of population genetic structure have yielded inconsistent results regarding the number of clusters, especially in Japan. Thus, the genetic structure ofS. japonicain Japan was studied using the mitochondrialnad3-16S rDNA region. We detected 88 haplotypes in the 483 individuals collected from 46 localities. Unique haplotypes and one or a few shared haplotypes at a local scale were found in most localities. The observed genetic structure revealed cryptic invasions ofS. japonicawithin Japan and the potential for thenad3-16S rDNA region to identify the geographic origin. Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure analysis andFSTsuggested genetic distinctiveness in southwestern Hokkaido. The haplotype network showed a more detailed starburst pattern compared with the results of previous studies based on mitochondrialCOIandtrnW-trnI. Accordingly,S. japonicain Japan may represent one genetic group that experienced a recent expansion. Unique or locally shared haplotypes and similarity in haplotype diversity on various coasts of Hokkaido could be explained by the refugia ofS. japonicaduring the Last Glacial Maximum on various coasts. Furthermore, the present study also recognized inconsistencies in the genetic structure and distribution ofS. japonicavarieties.Therefore, further investigations focused on the taxonomic validation of varieties are needed.
Experimental Verification of Digitally Controlled Interleaved PFC Converter with Input Power Limiting Technique
Authors: Shetty Anup , K Suryanarayana , Prabhu L.V.
Published: July 2024

Rise in use of electronic gadgets and rapid electrification of automotive sector is leading to increase in number of equipment connected to the power grid. Switched mode power supplies are commonly used to power up the electronic equipment in the view of compact size and best efficiency. Total harmonic content injection to the grid is required to be under the limits set by the international standards to ensure the highest power quality. Power factor correction technique is largely adapted as front end in majority of power supplies to regulate the Total Harmonic Distortion and to achieve highest power factor. In addition, it is required to limit the input current drawn from the power socket as prescribed by the international standards in order to get commercial license. In this paper, design investigation of digitally controlled interleaved converter with input current limiting is discussed. Mathematical modelling of the CCM operated interleaved PFC is carried out along with controller design approach with nonlinear voltage loop control is presented. Two current limiting techniques based on type of digital control technique employed in the PFC are investigated and results are analyzed. Simulation model of the system is developed and simulation results are supported and verified with hardware implementation and validation.
Correlation between insulin-like growth factor and complexity of glucose timeseries index in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly: A cohort study
Authors: Zhou Lihua , Sun Quanya , Wang Yaxin , Zhou Jian , Zhao Xiaolong
Published: July 2024

Background
Acromegaly have a high risk of abnormal glucose metabolism. The complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data could be a novel marker to assess glucose homeostasis.
Objective
To compare the differences in glucose metabolic characteristics and CGI between acromegaly with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and healthy subjects.
Methods
Eight newly diagnosed patients with acromegaly (GH group) and eight age- and gender-matched healthy subjects (Control group) were included in this study. All participants underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 72-hour CGM. A refined composite multiscale entropy analysis was performed on the CGM data to calculate the CGI and we compare the differences in glycemic profiles and CGI between the two groups.
Results
After OGTT, compared with the control group, patients in the GH group had higher 2h glucose (mmol/L) [GH vs control, 6.7 (6.1, 7.0) vs 5.2 (3.8, 6.3), P < 0.05], 3h glucose [5.1 (3.8, 6.5) vs 4.0 (3.4, 4.2), P < 0.05], mean glucose [6.3 (6.1, 6.5) vs 5.5 (5.1, 5.9), P < 0.05], 2h insulin (mU/L) [ 112.9 (46.8, 175.5) vs 34.1 (17.1, 55.6), P < 0.05], and 3h insulin [26.8 (17.1, 55.4) vs 10.4 (4.2, 17.8), P < 0.05]. CGI was lower in the GH group [2.77 (1.92, 3.15) vs 4.2 (3.3, 4.8), P = 0.008]. Spearman's correlation analysis showed insulin-like growth factor (IGF) (r=-0.897, P < 0.001) and mean glucose (r=-0.717, P < 0.05) were significantly negatively correlated with CGI. Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that IGF-1 (r=-0.652, P < 0.05) was independent factor associated with CGI in acromegaly.
Conclusion
IGF-1 was significantly associated with CGI, and CGI may serve as a novel marker to evaluate glucose homeostasis in acromegaly.
An extensive first-principles study of structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of XBiF3 (where X = Na, Li) for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Usman , Sagir Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad Bilal , Hussain Shoukat , Ullah sami
Published: July 2024

We conducted an investigation on materials composed of bismuth-based fluoro-perovskites XBiF3 (X = Na, Li), employing a density functional theory (DFT). This study included to examine the structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of novel perovskites XBiF3 (X = Na, Li) materials. According to Born stability criteria NaBiF3 and LiBiF3 are in cubic phase and stable. The lattice parameters of NaBiF3 and LiBiF3 were found after geometry optimization 3.78 and 4.11 Å, respectively. Concern compound NaBiF3 and LiBiF3 having band gap energy 2.14eV and 1.71eV respectively. NaBiF3 shows direct band gap and LiBiF3 shows indirect band gap properties. Optical properties are described in the energy range of 0-40eV. NaBiF3 shows the high absorption as compared to the LiBiF3. Concern properties highlights that NaBiF3 exhibits favorable dielectric properties and potentially for optoelectronic applications. Moreover, their reflectance is notably low over the visible spectrum in both compounds, suggesting a high absorption and potential for efficient solar energy harvesting applications.
FEI-YOLO：A Lightweight Soybean Pod Type Detection Model
Authors: Li Yang , Teng Shirui , Chen Jiajun , Zhou Wan , Zhan Wei , Huang Lan , Wang Jun , Qiu Lijuan
Published: July 2024

Identifying and statistically analyzing soybean pod types are crucial for seed evaluation and yield estimation. Traditional visual assessment by breeding personnel is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to subjective bias, especially with large datasets. Automatic assessment methods usually struggle with the highly confusing pod types with two and three seeds, affecting the model’s identification accuracy. To address these issues, we propose the FEI-YOLO model, an improved YOLOv5s object detection model, to enhance the distinction between pod types and improve model efficiency. FasterNet and the original C3 module are integrated to reduce parameters and computational load, enhancing both detection accuracy and speed. To strengthen the feature extraction and representation for specific targets, the Efficient Multi-Scale Attention (EMA) module is incorporated into the C3 module of the backbone network, improving the identification of similar pod types. Inner-IoU is combined with CIoU as the loss function to further enhance detection accuracy and generalization. Experiments comparing FEI-YOLO with the baseline YOLOv5s show that FEI-YOLO achieves an mAP@0.5 of 98.6%, a 1.5% improvement. Meanwhile, the number of parameters is reduced by 13.2%, and FLOPs decreased by 10.8%, in demonstrating the model's effectiveness and efficiency, enabling rapid and accurate identification of soybean pod types from images.
Ce-Mn-binuclear LDH based-Cu complex as a potent nanocatalyst for green-synthesis of spiroacridineindoletriones: a comparative study
Authors: Javadi Samira , Habibi Davood
Published: July 2024

The Ce-Mn binuclear LDH was prepared at four different molar ratios of Ce to Mn (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4), modified with both 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (CPTMS) andN-amino-phthalimide (NAP), complexed with Cu(II), and characterized by the FT-IR, ICP, XPS, XRD, BET, UV/Vis, EDX, SEM, SEM-mapping, TEM, and TGA-DTA techniques. The ICP, XPS, BET and UV-vis techniques showed that the 1:4 molar ratio of Ce to Mn is the best ratio, therefore it was used as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of fourteen spiro[acridine-indole]triones from the three-component condensation reaction of isatin, aniline, and 1,3-diketone in mild reaction conditions. The advantages of this method include the absence of harmful organic solvents, easy separation of the catalyst and products, and rapid achievement of excellent yields. Furthermore, the activity of the catalyst was maintained even after four consecutive runs without a significant loss of activity.
Identifying Risk Factors for Predicting Differences in Depression Changes Among College Students Using Machine Learning: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hu Jinsheng , Qiang Qi , Chen Xianke , Guo Weihua , Wang Zhijun , Liu Zhihong , Yang Qingshuo
Published: July 2024

Background Depression is a common mental disorder, and prior research has primarily focused on changes in depression among college students based on single psychological factors (such as personality traits or social support); there is currently a lack of research on predicting changes in depression based on multiple factors. We observed changes in symptoms of depression among college freshmen after enrollment and applied machine learning (ML) methods to longitudinally and comprehensively investigate personality traits, family factors, and social factors as determinants of changes in depression among college students. Methods We studied 5,534 college freshmen and measured personality traits, family factors, social factors, and other variables of college students twice. We used four ML algorithms—random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and k-nearest neighbors (KNN)—to predict changes in depression among college students. Results The ML algorithms demonstrated reasonable performance in the prediction task, with the non-linear kernel SVM performing the best (averaging 95% accuracy). Additionally, we found that neuroticism, positive coping, psychoticism, extraversion, and maternal autonomy were the most influential features in our study for classifier prediction. Conclusions Our results suggest that applying ML methods to study changes in depression among college students may be feasible, as personality traits appear to predict changes in depression among college students and may be suitable for screening for prevention interventions.
Surveillance of SARS-like CoV in bats from Yucatán, Mexico
Authors: Yeh-Gorocica Aaron , Ayora-Talavera Guadalupe , Rivero-Juarez Antonio , Suárez-Galaz Alejandro , Torres-Castro Marco
Published: July 2024

SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoV) have been identified in bats globally and are of significant public health interest due to their potential to cause new epidemics and pandemics. However, their presence in the Americas remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to conduct surveillance for SL-CoV in bats from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Bat sampling was conducted between August 2022 and July 2023 in two municipalities (Tekax and Panabá) of Yucatán, Mexico. Rectal and oral swabs as well as whole blood samples were collected from each bat. RNA was extracted from all samples. SL-CoV RNA detection was performed using one-step RT-qPCR targeting the E gene of the viruses. One hundred forty-four bats from six species were included. All biological samples met the RNA concentration and viability criteria for analysis. Our study did not detect SL-CoV in bats from Yucatán, suggesting a low risk of SL-CoV emergence in southeastern Mexico. Continuous surveillance of SL-CoV in bat populations is recommended due to the dynamic of zoonotic disease risks and the potential for changes in virus circulation patterns.
Fears and Worries at Nighttime in Young Children: Development and Psychometric Validation of a New Parent-Report Measure (FAWN-YC)
Authors: Shiels Amy , Uhlmann Laura , Farrell Lara J. , Munro-Lee Erinn , Donovan Caroline L.
Published: July 2024

This paper outlines the development and psychometric evaluation of the Fears and Worries at Nighttime - Young Children (FAWN-YC) scale; a parent-rated measure for children aged 3–5 years. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA; N = 436) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; N = 383), resulted in a final 17 items that loaded onto 3 factors: Nighttime Fears (8 items, α = .92), Bedtime/Sleep Avoidance and Interference (5 items, α = .90), and Dark Fear (4 items, α = .88). Evidence of convergent validity was found through strong associations between the total score and subscales of the FAWN-YC with measures of child anxiety, fear, sleep, externalizing and conduct problems. Furthermore, there was support for divergent validity (through a very weak to no relationship with a measure of prosocial behaviours), and evidence for temporal stability was also established with 2-week test-retest reliability. Overall, the results provide strong preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the FAWN-YC total score and subscales.
New Insight in Pain Relief and Reparative Efficacy of rh-EGF on Rabbit Corneal Injury Running title：Rh-EGF: Pain Relief and Repair in Corneal Injury
Authors: Gao Min , Song Shaojie , Wu Guokai , Wang Xin
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh EGF) in corneal wound healing while also providing the effects of pain relief.
Methods
Twenty experimental rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, five rabbits each. All rabbits were exposed to a 5 kW AC for 5 minutes. Each rabbit was only irradiated on one side, and their natural blinking was observed during this process. After modeling, each group was separately subjected to treatments with physiological saline, oxybuprocaine hydrochloride, rh EGF, and a combination of medications.
Results
Compared to the control group, the experimental group receiving recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh EGF) treatment exhibited a significant decrease in blink frequency and wiping frequency (P < 0.05), with notably superior effects compared to the group treated with oxibuprocaine hydrochloride. Furthermore, compared to the oxibuprocaine hydrochloride group, the experimental group receiving rh EGF treatment showed a significant reduction in conjunctival congestion and prolonged secretion duration (P < 0.05), along with a shorter corneal epithelial recovery time compared to the oxibuprocaine hydrochloride group (P < 0.05). Fluorescein sodium staining revealed a smaller stained area in the experimental group receiving rh EGF treatment. Additionally, inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were markedly decreased in the rh EGF treatment group, while the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 exhibited a significant increase.
Conclusions
We confirmed that rh EGF not only promotes corneal repair but also possesses certain analgesic effects, which providing new perspectives and strategies for future research in the field of corneal injury treatment and repair.
Uncooled ultra-broadband infrared photodetectors based on core/shell/shell colloidal quantum dots
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Yu Chengye , Zhu Jiaqi , Shan Yufeng , Xu Shaowen , Zhu He , Sun Dingyue , Hou Jingshan , Fang Yongzheng , Wu Huizhen , Dai Ning
Published: July 2024

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have demonstrated unprecedented advantages in infrared (IR) photodetection due to their inexpensive chemical synthesis and solution processability. However, the lack of effective noise current suppression strategies severely hampers their highly sensitive IR sensing at room temperature, especially in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) band. Here a dual type-II nano-heterostructure based on HgSe/PbSe/MAPbI3 core/shell/shell (CSS) CQDs is designed to achieve an uncooled highly-sensitive ultra-broadband detection spanning form 330 nm-5300 nm. The CSS configuration not only creates dual electronic potential wells that efficiently suppress electrical noise but also forms a high-speed transport channel for photo-generated carrier collection. Consequently, the device operated at room temperature exhibits a blackbody detectivity of 1.1 ´ 1010 cm∙Hz1/2/W and a MWIR peak detectivity of 2.6 ´ 1010 cm∙Hz1/2/W at 3300 nm, which perform the best among the uncooled CQD photodetectors, and even rank among the top of state-of-the-art commercial uncooled IR detectors. This work opens up a new avenue for noise depression in CQD photodetectors and facilitates the development of uncooled, highly-sensitive, ultra-broadband IR photodetection.
RS-LMF2 : Refined Sparse with Large Receptive field and Multi-Scale Feature Fusion for Remote Sensing Object Detection
Authors: Che Yanbo
Published: July 2024

Remote sensing images object detection as a research hots-pot in recent years, its detection effect and inference speed are attracting much attention. Small receptive field often lead to object classification errors because of the similarity features between different categories. In addition, the large size of remote sensing images leads to slow inference speed. To address above problems, this paper proposes a single-stage rotated object detector RS-LMF2. Firstly, ResNet-Dil module is used to increase the receiver field of the model, and then the Augment-FPN module is used to merge the feature information between the bottom layer and the top layer to obtain prior knowledge, so that the model can capture enough background information in the remote sensing objects to increase the detection effect of the model. In order to improve inference speed, this paper designs the refined sparse module, which not only reduces the number of initial settings of anchor, but also uses multiple convolutions to obtain the angle information of the objects, so that the horizontal box is gradually regressed into a rotated box to improve the inference speed. RS-LMF2 achieves excellent results in two datasets, i.e., DOTA (79.0% mAP, 22.3 FPS), and UCAS-AOD (90.8% mAP, 39.2 FPS) on an NVIDIA 3090 GPU.
The impact of digital platforms on the behavior of Moroccan voters
Authors: HAMDAOUI HAMZA EL , HAMDAOUI ABDELMJID EL , CHAKOR ABDELLATIF
Published: July 2024

This study explores the impact of digital platforms on voting behavior in Morocco, focusing on how these tools influence voters' choices. It mainly aims to resolve the following question: how do these tools impact Moroccan electoral behavior? By highlighting the effects of digital political campaigns, it reveals a significant influence on voting intentions and a contribution to political polarization. Digital platforms exacerbate divisions by amplifying exposure to divergent opinions and influencing political interactions. Additionally, voters express concerns about the manipulation of information, highlighting the importance of addressing these challenges in Morocco's modern electoral context.
5,7- Dimethoxycoumarin Enhances Insulin Release and Stimulates Extrapancreatic Secretion of Amylin.
Authors: Ofodire Emeka , Ghasi Samuel , Mbah Anthony , Ugwu Edith U. , Mbah Theophilus O. , Mbaoji Emmanuel C. , Onah Ifeoma C.
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveOxidative stress decreases the ability of β-cells to secrete insulin through glucolipotoxicity of the pancreatic islets. Flavonoids modulate insulin and amylin secretion through mainly antioxidant activities. Coumarins isomers of flavonoids have direct effects on the cardiovascular system, not linked to antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (Citropten) fractions present in grapefruit peel on insulin and amylin secretions in normal male Wistar rats.MethodsMethanol extract of grapefruit peels was fractionated using vacuum assisted liquid chromatography with n-Hexane, Ethyl acetate and Methanol. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analysis reported ethyl acetate fraction with highest concentration (85.66%) of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin. Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test was performed on 5 sets of 5 rats receiving intraperitoneally: 1) negative control, 1ml of sterile water 2) positive control, 0.2mg/kg glimepiride, 3) ethyl acetate fraction containing 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, 4) methanol fraction containing 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin 5a)1ml H2O2(0.6%, 6%) plus 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, and 5b)1000mg/kg Vitamin C plus 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin.ResultsResults showed ethyl acetate fractions containing 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin had comparable plasma glucose control with glimepiride, with indirect insulin secretion effect unlike direct acting glimepiride; the methanol fraction was less effective. Both ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of 5,7- dimethoxycoumarin induced extrapancreatic amylin synthesis and secretion.Conclusion5,7-dimethoxycoumarin will find special applications in the management of obesity, and diabetics with chronic complications. Since the overall plasma glucose regulation is achieved through amylin and insulin synergy, attention should be shifted from insulin-based to amylin-based therapy. There is need to focus on natural compounds that stimulate extrapancreatic amylin release.
Comparative Analysis of SAC Solder Alloys for Enhanced Reliability in Electronic Assemblies: A Finite Element Approach
Authors: Depiver Joshua , Mallik Sabuj , Amalu Emeka H
Published: July 2024

In an era where environmental sustainability and electronic reliability are paramount, this study provides a critical quantitative analysis of lead-free Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder joints, employing Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to scrutinise their thermomechanical fatigue and creep deformation characteristics. The investigation juxtaposes four SAC solder alloys (SAC305, SAC387, SAC396, and SAC405) against traditional lead-based Sn63Pb37 solder to elucidate their microstructural evolution and ensure long-term reliability. FEA simulations disclose that SAC387 alloy exhibits the highest yield stress at 58 MPa, whereas SAC405 shows remarkable resilience with the lowest stress accumulation, characterised by σ = 1.543T – 34.983. Isothermal ageing studies demonstrate SAC387’s accelerated creep response, indicating a higher susceptibility to failure. Conversely, SAC405's steadfast nature under isothermal ageing is marked by the least strain and deformation rates, enhancing its reliability. Strain distribution analyses further reveal that SAC405 alloys endure the lowest strain levels, contrasting with SAC387, which experiences substantial deformation and leads to strain energy density—a key longevity indicator. Thus, SAC405 and Sn63Pb37 record the lowest strain energy densities, highlighting their robustness. These findings provide a comprehensive assessment of SAC solder alloys, focusing on their stress, strain, energy density, and strain rates. The reliance on FEA for predictive analysis indicates the potential for pre-empting failure, offering a valuable framework for electronic manufacturers in selecting and optimising solder materials. This study illuminates the intricate dynamics of SAC solder joints under thermomechanical stress, serving as an indispensable resource for designing robust and sustainable electronics that align with the industry’s environmental responsibilities.
Sources and Applications of Tyrosinase in Life Sciences
Authors: Patil Madhuri , Bhatia Manish , Arvindekar Snehal , Patil Rutika , Pawar Vijaykumar
Published: July 2024

Background:

Tyrosinase, often recognized as polyphenol oxidase, plays a pivotal
role as an enzyme in catalyzing the formation of melanin—a complex process involving the
oxidation of monophenols and o-diphenols.

Objective:

Tyrosinase functions as a monooxygenase, facilitating the o-hydroxylation of monophenols
to generate the corresponding catechols, as well as catalyzing the oxidation of monophenols
to form the corresponding o-quinones, exhibiting diphenolase or catecholase activity.
This versatile enzymatic capability is not limited to specific organisms but is found across various
sources, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and mammals.

Method:

Pertinent research articles, reviews, and patents on tyrosinase were gathered through a
comprehensive literature search. These materials were analyzed to gain insights into the diverse
applications of tyrosinase. The review was structured by categorizing these applications and
offering a thorough summary of the current state of knowledge in the field.

Result:

Based on the literature survey, tyrosinase exhibits promising potential across a spectrum
of biotechnological applications. These include but are not limited to: synthesizing L-DOPA,
creating innovative mixed melanins, manufacturing phenolic biosensors, deploying in food and
feed industries, facilitating protein cross-linking, eliminating phenols and dyes, and serving as a
biocatalyst. Moreover, immobilized tyrosinase demonstrates multiple utility avenues within the
pharmaceutical sector.

Conclusion:

The article offers a comprehensive exploration of tyrosinase, encompassing its
structural features, evolutionary origins, biochemical characteristics, and contemporary applications
in various fields.
GAPVD1 Promotes the Proliferation of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating the ERK/MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhang Lifen , Luo Pei , Xia Zeyu , Shao Shan , Ning Qian , Gu Shanzhi , Zhao Xinhan , Luo Minna
Published: July 2024

Background:

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15–20% of all breast cancers and approximately 50% of breast cancer deaths. Chemotherapy remains the main-stay of systemic treatment due to the lack of effective therapy targets. Thus, more studies are urgently needed to identify new therapeutic targets in TNBC patients.

Methods:

GAPVD1 expression and prognosis value in breast cancer samples were explored in The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). GAPVD1 knockdown and overexpression TNBC cell lines were constructed. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were performed to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect cell cycle variation. Western blotting was conducted to determine the levels of target genes. Finally, an enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were per-formed.

Results:

GAPVD1 is overexpressed in breast cancer tissues and predicts poor prognosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GAPVD1 is correlated with cell proliferation and the cell cycle of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, alteration in GAPVD1 expression was found to be associated with cell cycle-related proteins PCNA, Cyclin A, and the activity of the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. Consistent with these findings, enrichment analysis of GAPVD1-involving partners and signaling pathways revealed that the cellular biosynthetic process, macromolecule biosynthetic process, and cell cycle signaling are related to GAPVD1. In vivo experiment demonstrated that GAPVD1 inhibition impedes tumor growth and expression of cell cycle-related proteins.

Conclusion:

Taken together, our results indicate that GAPVD1 may participate in TNBC cell growth by regulating the cell cycle and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.
Immediate Destiny of Bifurcation Lesions Treated with Biomatrix Alpha Stents
Authors: Zahedi Mahdi , Najafi Mohammad Javad , Sadeghi Mina , Fatemi Alireza
Published: July 2024

Background:

About 15% of coronary artery interventions are performed on coronary
artery bifurcation. Managing these lesions presents a significant therapeutic obstacle in the context
of coronary artery issues. Addressing both immediate and lasting side effects of these lesions
demands ongoing monitoring and action. The introduction of drug-eluting stents has raised hopes
for better outcomes in patients experiencing cardiovascular events.

Methods:

In this study, we selected 51 patients (out of 850) who had received ≥1 cobalt-chromium,
biodegradable polymer, Biolimus A9-eluting stent (CoCr-BP-BES) Biomatrix Alpha stent.
Immediately after stenting, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow score in the coronary
artery and its bypass branch, plaque shift, and lateral dissection immediately after angioplasty
were evaluated.

Results:

The mean age for patients was 65 (±10.35) years, where 49.02% of them were male and
45.1% had diabetes. No lateral dissection and death were reported in any of the patients. Also, the
TIMI flow grade was 3 for the main branch in all patients. Plaque shifts were compared at different
degrees of the TIMI flow coronary artery bypass graft. A statistical study revealed a noteworthy
distinction between the groups. There was no discernible change when gender, diabetes, systolic
and diastolic blood pressure with plaque changes were all controlled for.

Conclusion:

We discovered that the Biomatrix Alpha stents' instant clinical results are admissible.
Our findings confirm the clinical utility of the recently developed biolimus-eluting (BES)
stent technology, which combines the BA-9 medication, a thin-strut CoCr stent platform, and a
biodegradable polymer. This aligns with the existing body of research on the most recent generation
of drug-eluting stents (DES).
Navigating the Mobile Learning Landscape in Moroccan Nursing Education: A Descriptive Study with a Focus on Clinical Learning
Authors: Essfadi Hind , Khyati Abderahim , Abidi Omar , Radid Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Background

Nursing education is increasingly relying on technological innovations, including mobile learning (m-learning). However, there is limited research available on the utilization and impact of m-learning among undergraduate nursing students in Morocco. Gaining an understanding of their perspectives can contribute to the development of effective educational strategies on a global scale.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the utilization of m-learning among undergraduate nursing students in Morocco, specifically in the context of clinical education. This exploration included investigating usage patterns, perceptions, challenges, and opportunities.

Methods

A descriptive study based with quantitative design was conducted at the Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Casablanca. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed between October 2023 and January 2024. A total of 405 participants took part in the study, with the majority being female (77.8%).

Results

The results revealed that a significant number of participants owned mobile devices, with smartphones being the most commonly used device (89.4%). Furthermore, almost all participants (99.3%) reported using mobile devices for educational purposes, primarily for theoretical learning (50.4%) and accessing educational videos (94.0%). While the majority of participants (91.1%) viewed m-learning as highly useful, they also encountered challenges such as technical issues and distractions.

Conclusion

Moroccan nursing students perceive m-learning as valuable for enhancing clinical education despite facing challenges. By addressing these challenges and aligning m-learning with students' needs and clinical practice, its potential to improve nursing education can be optimized.
Spectrum of Long COVID Symptoms and Management Approaches in
Europe and Latin America
Authors: Zavaleta-Monestel Esteban , Arguedas-Chacón Sebastián , Quesada-Villaseñor Ricardo , García-Montero Jonathan , Campos-Hernández Jeimy , Ferrara Francesco , Polito Giacomo , Zovi Andrea
Published: July 2024

Long COVID is a syndrome with common symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, cognitive
dysfunction, chest pain, and other conditions that have a major impact on affected patients. These are
some of the risk factors of fluctuating or relapsing states that occur in patients with a history of
SARS-CoV-2 infection of at least 2 months. This study addressed the challenges faced by healthcare
professionals in defining and managing this condition, which manifests with diverse and inconsistent
symptoms that last more than three months after infection. A systematic review of the literature over
the period 2020-2023 has been conducted to focus on the evolution of the long COVID phenomenon
worldwide. The study aimed to describe the spectrum of symptoms associated with Long COVID by
comparing management approaches in European and Latin American countries. Disparities in research, guidelines, and treatment strategies between these regions have been identified, posing challenges for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment in Latin America. It is crucial to propose further
studies and research on the mechanistic understanding of the symptoms of long COVID and the development of targeted treatments. Eventually, it is critical to address the wide disparities in long
COVID research and treatment between Europe and Latin America to ensure equitable access to
information and health care for people affected, considering both physical and mental health aspects.
Ischemic Stroke and Autophagy: The Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs
Authors: Ouyang Longqiang , Xia Wenyan , Al-Alwany Ameen Abdulhasan , Gupta Reena , Sapaev Ibrokhim , Almalki Sami G. , Almawash Saud , Ziyad Rand Ali , Alawadi Ahmed Hussien , Alsalamy Ali
Published: July 2024

:

Ischemic stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Autophagy, a
process of intracellular degradation, has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ischemic
stroke. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of autophagy
in various diseases, including ischemic stroke. Recent studies have identified several lncRNAs that
modulate autophagy in ischemic stroke, including MALAT1, MIAT, SNHG12, H19, AC136007. 2,
C2dat2, MEG3, KCNQ1OT1, SNHG3, and RMRP. These lncRNAs regulate autophagy by interacting
with key proteins involved in the autophagic process, such as Beclin-1, ATG7, and LC3. Understanding
the role of lncRNAs in regulating autophagy in ischemic stroke may provide new insights into the
pathogenesis of this disease and identify potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.
El conocimiento del otro. Tras la huella de Marcos de Toledo
Authors: Mantas-España Pedro
Published: July 2024

For historical periods and contexts such as the one we are dealing in this paper, understanding the other is essential to gain access with a certain degree of certainty to the dogmas and beliefs that mo-tivate his attitudes. Mark of Toledo’s Prologue and translation of the Qur’an, as well as his Preface and translation of the collection of texts attributed to the Almohad mahdī Ibn Tūmart, contributed to a more precise and nuanced knowledge than that transmitted by the predominant polemicism of his times.
El conocimiento en la Divina Comedia de Dante Alighieri: un viaje extraordinario hacia la visión divina
Authors: Pascerini Maria Cristina
Published: July 2024

Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy can be read as a journey of human knowledge from the darkness of evil to the bright vision of God. In this sense, it is a journey that culminates in a divine contemplation for which the soul has to prepare itself by moving away from evil and cleansing itself of all imper-fections caused by sin. For this reason, before contemplating God in Paradise, Dante must know evil in Hell and purify himself of it in Purgatory. It is a journey that is at the same time, knowledge of oneself, that is knowledge of one’s own limits and possibilities, moral knowledge, that is knowledge of good and evil, and knowledge of God, that is of divine light and harmony. To go through Hell and Purgatory, Dante needs reason, represented in the poem by the Latin poet Virgilio. However, to travel through Paradise to get closer to God, Dante will need Beatrice, while he comes to the divine vision with the aid of Bernard of Clairvaux.
Nicholas of Cusa and the mens ipsa. Notes on a long-standing debate
Authors: Burzelli Luca
Published: July 2024

A long scholarship (Koch, Senger, Peroli, Fiamma) recognized the peculiarity of Nicholas of Cusa’s theory of mens ipsa, exposed in De coniecturis I, 4. However, there are several alternative readings of that ambiguous theory: indeed, it is not clear whether that theory appears only in De coniecturisor also in other later works. In addition, it has been described variously as an ontological doctrine, concerning the being of the universe, and as a gnoseological one, concerning the human faculties of knowledge. Some scholars, like Flasch, even saw in the mens ipsa a forerunning of a theory of spirit. With this paper I want to take a position on this long-standing debate: the theory of mens ipsaremains over the De coniecturis and it is developed both in ontological (De dato patris luminum) and in gnoseological (De mente II) direction.
Knowing as Interpretation in Nicholas of Cusa
Authors: Soto-Bruna María Jesús
Published: July 2024

This paper presents some initial theses of a wider study on Nicolas of Cusa’s metaphysics of knowl-edge. It begins by quoting a text of maturity of the Cusan in which: a) the intellect is characterized as the first; b) knowledge is paired with the notion of manifestation; and c) it is noticed that self-knowl-edge leads to the knowledge of the Absolute creator. The quotation will lead us, then, to a notion of knowledge as interpretation of things, insofar as they acquire meaning in the human mind.