bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestão da informação e governos locais: experiências do Observatório de Segurança Pública de Canoas (RS) e novas possibilidades
Authors: Loeck Jardel Fischer , Magnus Thiago Medeiros , Montenegro Daniel , Mattos Eduardo Vieira
Published: April 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo ressaltar a relevância da gestão da informação na área da segurança, a partir de metodologias científicas, com a intenção de qualificar institucional e tecnicamente a formulação, execução e avaliação de políticas públicas. Destaca-se a atuação do Observatório de Segurança Pública de Canoas (OSPC), no Rio Grande do Sul, como um exemplo empírico da utilização aplicada das ciências sociais para o fortalecimento da capacidade institucional do município nesse campo. Primeiramente, apresenta-se um breve resgate da história do OSPC, focando nos diagnósticos sociológicos que incidiram sobre a gestão da segurança pública em Canoas. Em um segundo momento, apresenta-se e problematiza-se um dos mais recentes estudos realizados pelo OSPC: a Segunda Pesquisa de Vitimização, realizada em janeiro de 2014, com moradores de Canoas. Ao final, chama-se a atenção para a importância do diálogo entre academia e gestão pública na área da segurança.
A formação das guardas civis municipais do Grande ABC
Authors: Barroso Juliana , Martins Juliana Teixeira de Souza
Published: April 2023

Este artigo é resultado do diálogo acerca das reflexões realizadas por ocasião do aniversário de implementação do Estatuto Geral das Guardas Municipais, Lei Federal 13.022/2014, e as observações feitas nos últimos anos como gestoras públicas em segurança pública. Pretende-se contextualizar as mudanças promovidas pelo Grupo de Trabalho de Segurança Urbana do Consórcio Intermunicipal do Grande ABC no âmbito da formação das guardas civis municipais da região a partir da implementação do Centro Regional de Formação em Segurança Urbana. A intenção é discorrer sobre o desenho e a implementação desse processo. Espera-se que este artigo possa contribuir para a reflexão sobre políticas públicas para formação das guardas municipais no país.
Zonas do Medo: variações geográficas do sentimento de (in)segurança no suplemento Vitimização e Acesso à Justiça da PNAD de 2009
Authors: Mello Neto David Maciel de
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho aborda as variações do sentimento de segurança/insegurança na PNAD de 2009, segundo local de referência. O objetivo é explorar em que medida sua ocorrência na cidade acompanha o mesmo sentimento tanto no bairro quando no domicílio. Após breve introdução sobre a história do conceito, ele é definido como fenômeno misto de risco percebido e medo do crime. A segunda parte trata dos pressupostos teóricos de sua operacionalização nos níveis geográficos de referência, domicílio, bairro e cidade, enquanto a terceira explora suas variações. Os resultados levantam a hipótese de que o sentimento de segurança seja geograficamente acumulável, enquanto o sentimento de insegurança tem o domicílio como nível preponderante. Este padrão aparenta ser válido para o Brasil e tende a se replicar nos estados, com exceção da Paraíba. A conclusão busca aprofundar os resultados, delimitar seu alcance e sugerir caminhos para pesquisas futuras.
Nova ferramenta de entrevista investigativa na coleta de testemunhos: a versão brasileira da Self-Administered Interview©
Authors: Haussen Pinto Luciano , Milnitsky Stein Lilian
Published: April 2023

Testemunhas desempenham papel fundamental no âmbito policial e jurídico. No entanto, diversos estudos demonstram que devido à falibilidade da memória humana, o testemunho pode não ser confiável. A melhor maneira de obter relatos fidedignos é colhendo informações tão logo decorrido o crime/acidente. Há poucos anos foi desenvolvida, no Reino Unido, a Self-Administered Interview (SAI©), um protocolo por escrito de entrevista investigativa auto-aplicável para ser aplicada assim que a polícia chega no local. Este material tem revelado resultados positivos no sentido de gerar relatos em maior quantidade e acurácia, além de proteger contra sugestionamentos. O presente estudo buscou realizar a tradução, adaptação e teste da versão brasileira da SAI©. Os resultados indicaram que a versão brasileira obteve resultados praticamente equivalente à original, sugerindo ser uma ferramenta viável de ser utilizada no contexto brasileiro.
Increasing supply for woody biomass-based energy through wasted resources: Insights from the US private landowners
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang , Quang-Loc Nguyen , Jin Ruining , Nguyen Minh_Hieu Thi , Nguyen Thi-Phuong , La Viet-Phuong , Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: April 2023

Preventing climate change from reaching the tipping point requires the reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Woody biomass is suggested as a substitute for fossil fuels to achieve sustainable development. Transitioning the land purpose entails investment and a tradeoff between wood pellet production and the current utilities created by the land, hindering the private landowners’ willingness. The current study suggests that utilizing the woody leftover on the land can potentially increase the woody biomass supply. Employing the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics on a dataset of 707 private landowners in the United States (US), we aimed to identify the characteristics of woody-resource-wasting landowners and examine how to increase their likelihood to contribute to woody biomass-based energy. We discovered that landowners being male, having higher income, and being a member of a state/national forestry organization are more likely to waste woody resources. Moreover, woody-resource-wasting landowners perceiving woody biomass-based energy as a substitution for fossil fuel are likelier to sell wood, while those perceiving environmental costs over benefits of woody biomass-based energy are less likely to sell. These findings can be used as insights for policymakers, logging companies, and state agencies to find an additional supply of woody biomass-based energy from landowners likely to waste woody resources.
Measuring How Much Judges Matter for Case Outcomes
Authors: Copus Ryan , Hübert Ryan
Published: April 2023

A large empirical literature examines how judges' traits affect how cases get resolved. This literature has led many to conclude that judges matter for case outcomes. But how much do they matter? Existing empirical findings understate the true extent of judicial influence over case outcomes since standard estimation techniques hide some disagreement among judges. We devise a novel machine learning method to reveal additional sources of disagreement. Applying this method to the Ninth Circuit, we estimate that at least 28% of cases could be decided differently based solely on the panel they were assigned to.
Revisiting the prosocial consequences of interpersonal synchrony: Insights from infants’ temperament traits
Authors: Todoriki Kaho , Yu Lira , Myowa Masako
Published: April 2023

Humans begin helping others from the first year of their birth. Recent studies have shown that the experience of behavioral matching with others in time and space (i.e., interpersonal synchrony) facilitates infants’ helping behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether and to what extent the rate of helping behavior changes within individuals after experiencing interpersonal synchrony and what temperament traits moderate the effect of interpersonal synchrony on infants’ helping behavior. In this study, we tested 15-month-old infants and conducted helping tasks before and after they experienced interpersonal synchrony or asynchrony. A questionnaire survey was administered to assess temperament traits in each infant. We found that infants’ rapid helping behavior, which occurred within the first 10 seconds from trial onset, marginally increased after experiencing synchronous movement, and they marginally decreased after experiencing asynchronous movement. Moreover, the changes in overall helping rates before and after interpersonal synchrony were associated with infants’ temperament scores for negative affectivity (NEG, one of the factors from the Infant Behavior Questionnaire that represents temperaments such as sadness or fear). These findings demonstrate the importance of considering individual variations in the effects of interpersonal synchrony on an infant’s helping behaviors.
Acceptability and perceived harm of calorie labelling and other obesity policies: a cross-sectional survey study of UK adults with eating disorders and other mental health conditions
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi , Polden Megan , Wareing Lettie , Robinson Eric
Published: April 2023

Objective: We assessed perceptions of recently proposed UK obesity-related public health policies (mandatory calorie labelling, banning of advertisements of unhealthy food and drinks online and before 9 pm on TV, and banning “buy one get one free” deals for unhealthy food and drinks) in people with an eating disorder (ED) and other mental health conditions. Method: 1,273 participants with a self-reported mental health condition (N=583 with an ED) completed an online survey in September – November 2022. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine support for and potential adverse effects of policies in participants with and without an ED. Qualitative analysis of potential effects of the policy on current ED symptoms was also conducted to better understand how and why policies may be damaging or beneficial.Results: Participants with an ED tended to support all obesity policies, but were less likely to support the implementation of the calorie labelling policy (43% of ED participants supported vs. 58% of non-ED participants). Half of the participants with an ED (55%) reported that labelling may worsen their ED symptoms. Qualitative data indicated perceived potential harm (e.g., a gateway to relapse, negative effects on mood) and perceived benefits (e.g., feeling informed and reassured) of calorie labelling in participants with an ED. No differences in support or perceived harms of the other two policies were observed between participants with vs. without an ED.Discussion: Future studies are warranted to understand how to mitigate the potential harmful effects of calorie labelling in people with an ED.
On the holobiont theory of mind: A reappraisal
Authors: Molero-Ramírez Freddy José
Published: April 2023

A prior debate which started with the publication of an article by the author (Molero-Ramírez & CarroGodoy, 2022) was totally grounded on a misreading of an earlier article published by Palacios-García & Parada (2021). All the objections were derived from a critical and careless misreading of the authors’ intentions, so the following paper is a reappraisal of the holobiont mind as an empirical framework and its relationship with the enactive theory of mind.
Humans Adaptively Deploy Forward and Backward Prediction
Authors: Sharp Paul B. , Eldar Eran
Published: April 2023

Leading models of human decision-making assume humans learn forward predictions, from a given state to the outcomes that typically follow it. Here, we show that in many situations decision-making can be made more efficient by relying on backward predictions, from a given outcome to the states that typically precede it. This holds specifically in environments where the number of possible outcomes exceeds the number of possible starting states (i.e., in divergent environments), because in such environments, backward predictions can be more compactly represented than forward predictions. Correspondingly, in five preregistered experiments, we find that humans engage in backward prediction in a divergent environment, and in forward prediction in a convergent environment. Importantly, we show that such predictions are flexibly employed for singles-step decisions, for multistep planning, and for real-world predictions. Thus, we establish that humans adaptively deploy forward and backward prediction in the service of efficient decision-making.
ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE HEADS OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF PEDAGOGICAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Mukachevo State University, Shvardak Marianna
Published: April 2023

У статті проведено педагогічний екскурс становлення та розвитку професійної підготовки майбутніх керівників закладів загальної середньої освіти на Україні від 90-х років ХХ століття до сьогодення. Зосереджено увагу на технологізації управлінського процесу. Мета статті: дослідити процес становлення та розвитку професійної підготовки майбутніх керівників закладів загальної середньої освіти до застосування технологій педагогічного менеджменту. Детально розглянуто чотири етапи професійної підготовки майбутніх управлінців: 1) 1990-2000 рр. – етап зародження професійної підготовки керівників навчальних закладів; 2) 2000–2009 рр. – етап становлення системи професійної підготовки керівних кадрів освіти; 3) 2010–2015 рр. – етап адаптації та активного пошуку шляхів підвищення якості професійної підготовки майбутніх керівників навчальних закладів; 4) 2015 р. – по сьогодні (2021 р.) – етап подальшого розвитку та вдосконалення професійної підготовки майбутніх керівників закладів освіти відповідно до європейських вимог. З’ясовано, що докорінне реформування освіти вимагає якісної високотехнологічної професійної підготовки майбутніх освітніх управлінців у закладах вищої освіти.
EXPEDIENCE OF FORMATION OF SAFETY RELATED COMPETENCIES USING IMITATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Technical University «Metinvest Polytechnic», Zaplatynskyi Vasyl
Published: April 2023

Формування компетентностей, пов’язаних із безпекою, є складним завданням. На відміну від компетентностей, які не пов’язані з безпекою, ці компетентності важко сформувати повною мірою, щоб забезпечити безпеку для здобувачів освіти та оточуючих. У статті подано матриці небезпеки професійної діяльності та можливості створення ризиків, які допомагають визначити необхідність і вид оптимальної технології навчання. Проведено аналіз та обґрунтування доцільності та ефективності застосування симуляційних технологій для формування компетентностей, пов’язаних із забезпеченням безпеки самої особи, її найближчого оточення та інших людей, безпека яких залежить від прийняття рішень оператором чи керівником. Aналіз показав, що застосування симуляційних технологій дозволяє створити умови для формування необхідних компетентностей без підвищеного ризику для здобувачів та оточуючих. Однією з найбільш перспективних технологій для формування компетентностей, пов’язаних з безпекою, автор уважає застосування віртуальної реальності. Ця технологія забезпечує безпеку здобувача та одночасно дозволяє практично сформувати необхідні компетентності на необхідному рівні.
TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Soroka Valerii
Published: April 2023

На основі аналізу досліджень із педагогічної майстерності та з використання цифрових технологій в освітньому процесі, законів України та нормативних документів досліджено поняття «педагогічна майстерність» у контексті цифрової освіти. Визначено особливості сучасного молодого покоління, які рекомендовано брати до уваги педагогу під час використання сучасних педагогічних цифрових технологій навчання. Розкрито сутність педагогічної майстерності педагога в умовах цифрової освіти. Виділено навички, якими має володіти педагог у контексті традиційного навчання, а також навички, які стали актуальними в умовах всесвітньої пандемії. Виділено позитивні та негативні сторони процесу дистанційного навчання на основі використання цифрових технологій і місце педагога в них. Визначено основні цифрові навички сучасного педагога, формування та вдосконалення яких визначає перспективні напрями розвитку освіти в цілому.
PHONOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES IN THE BILINGUAL LEARNING SYSTEM
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovhzenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Kuznetsova Halyna , Panasenko Alona ,   Oleksandr Dovhzenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University
Published: April 2023

У статті з’ясовано сутність білінгвізму як лінгвістичного, соціолінгвістичного явища та засобу опанування двох мов, проаналізовано типи білінгвізму (адитивний, елітарний, координативний, субординативний), простежено взаємозв’язок білінгвального навчання з інтерференцією, диглосією; зосереджено увагу на мовній стійкості особистості як основі національної ідентифікації. Доведено, що в системі координативного білінгвального навчання значущу роль відіграє зіставлення й аналіз фонологічної системи мов, які опановує мовець; здійснено аналіз вокалічних та консонантних фонем/звуків української й англійської мов; висвітлено особливості надсегментних мовних явищ (складу, наголосу, інтонації). Засвідчено, що варіантне наголошування слів в англійській мові, і фінансовій сфері зокрема, зумовлює зміну семантичного, денотативного, конотативного значень та є засобом створення омонімії, полісемії.
DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL STAFF LEGAL COMPETENCE OF ECONOMIC COLLEGES
Authors:   Vocational Education and Training Institute of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kurok Roman
Published: April 2023

У статті проаналізовано стан розробленості в науковій літературі проблемних питань, пов’язаних із розвитком правової компетентностей педагогічних працівників економічних коледжів, формуванням та розвитком інших компетентностей педагогів та фахівців інших галузей. За результатами дослідження визначені основні напрями подальших наукових досліджень проблеми розвитку правової компетентності педагогічних працівників економічних коледжів, а саме: аналіз сучасних тенденцій розвитку фахової передвищої освіти та особливостей професійного розвитку педагогічних працівників економічних коледжів у вітчизняній та зарубіжній освітній практиці; розроблення загальнонаукових засад проєктування педагогічної системи та концепції розвитку правової компетентності педагогічних працівників економічних коледжів; моделювання процесу розвитку правової компетентності педагогічних працівників економічних коледжів та обґрунтування його цілей, змісту, форм, методів і засобів.
Efficacy of natural and consumer-friend applications to control Aeromonas hydrophila growth in Bluefish
Authors: Üçok Didem , Tosun Şehnaz Yasemin , Ulusoy Şafak , Stratev Deyan
Published: April 2023

Fish is one of the main transmission routes of Aeromonas (A.) hydrophila, an emerging pathogen that threatens public health due to its high antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to control the growth of A. hydrophila in cold-stored Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) using natural, consumer-friendly practices. Samples were inoculated with A.hydrophila, dipped or sprayed with acetic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, sodium lactate, or sodium chloride solutions (4%), and stored at 4°C. Dipping was very effective since the growth of A. hydrophila was inhibited by all dipping treatments and remained below the inoculation dose after 72 hours. During this time, dipping in acetic acid, ascorbic acid, and citric acid reduced the initial load of A. hydrophila (7.03 log cfu/g) to 5.27, 5.51, and 5.64 log cfu/g, respectively. Acetic acid, ascorbic acid, and citric acid dipping treatments reduced the A. hydrophila number 1 log/cfu more than other treatments (P<0.05). Acetic acid and ascorbic also provided the best results for the sprayed samples. Our results showed that dipping in natural acids such as acetic acid, ascorbic acid, and citric acid yielded successful results in inhibiting A. hydrophila growth. Using consumer-friendly, natural substances to ensure food safety by controlling the growth of this emerging pathogen will provide significant benefits for the food industry.
First record of the benthopelagic fish John dory Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Black Sea coasts of Türkiye
Authors: Aydın Mehmet , Karadurmuş Uğur
Published: April 2023

In this study, a male specimen of John dory (Zeus faber) with 31.4 cm in total length and 365.43 g in body weight was caught with a trammel net at a depth of 15 m from Fener Island in the province of Fatsa (Ordu, Black Sea). This record is the first verified report suggesting that John dory expanded its distribution in the Mediterranean towards the Geographical Sub-Area 29 (Black Sea).
Pre-epiglottic Space and Epiglottis to Vocal Cord Ratio in Order to Predict Difficult Intubation in Adults: A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Kovitwanawong Nalinee , Thepsuwan Arpawan , Oofuvong Maliwan , Ruengchiraurai Rongrong
Published: April 2023

Objective: We aimed to enhance the prediction of difficult intubation by using ultrasonographic parameters (pre-epiglottic space (Pre-E), distance between epiglottis to middle part of vocal cord (E-VC) and Pre-E/E-VC) adjusting for traditional airway assessments. Material and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a super-tertiary care hospital in Thailand. Participants aged 18-65 years with ASA classification I-III and who required general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were included. Preoperative traditional and ultrasonographic airway assessments were performed by two investigators. The outcome was difficult intubations as diagnosed by laryngoscopic view grade 3 or 4. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors for difficult intubation presented by adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A total of 94 patients were recruited. The incidence of difficult intubation was 15%. The median Pre-E/E-VC ratio among this group was 0.8 compared with 1.0 in the control group (p-value 0.124). The cut-off point of <1.0 of Pre- E/E-VC was not associated with difficult intubation after adjusting for sex and other traditional parameters (p-value 0.11). Predictors of difficult intubation were female sex (OR [95% CI]: 13.8 [2.8, 68.3]), sternomental distance ≤175 mm (OR [95% CI]: 11.6 [1.9, 71.4]) and interincisor gap <4 cm (OR [95% CI]: 19.8 [1.1, 373.8]) with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve at 0.88 and a specificity of 90.0%. Conclusion: There was no association between the Pre-E/E-VC in predicting difficult intubation in low-risk patients. The ultrasonographic measurements of Pre-E/E-VC were not helpful in predicting difficult intubations in our setting. Trial registration: thaiclinicaltrials.org: TCTR20180115002, Registered 9 January 2018 - Prospectively registered, https:// www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/#
Pengaruh Effective Tax Rate, Bonus Scheme, Tunneling Incentive, dan Leverage terhadap Transfer Pricing dengan Size sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Yudhistira Luthfi , Munthe Inge Lengga Sari , Sari Rizki Yuli
Published: April 2023

Transfer pricing is a transaction price that is included in every product or service from one company to another or from one industry to another with the same or different companies and has a special relationship. This study aims to determine the effect of effective tax rates, bonus schemes, tunneling incentives, and leverage on transfer pricing with size as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX for the 2018-2021 period. The analytical method used is logistic regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the study show that the bonus scheme, tunneling incentive, leverage, and size have a partial effect on transfer pricing. Meanwhile, the effective tax rate has no partial effect on transfer pricing. Size is able to moderate the effect of bonus schemes, tunneling incentives, and leverage on transfer pricing. However, size is unable to moderate the effect of the effective tax rate on transfer pricing.
Особливості формулювання діагнозу у пацієнтів з хронічною попереково-крижовою радикулопатією професійного ґенезу
Authors: Fartushnа O. Yе. , Basanets A. V. , Selina O. G. , Fartushnyy Ye. N.
Published: April 2023

Хронічна попереково-крижова радикулопатія професійного ґенезу є однією з основних причин стійкої втрати працездатності в усьому світі. У статті наведено сучасні уявлення про термінологію, епідеміологію, механізми розвитку, клінічних особливостей, методів діагностики та формулювання діагнозу, що ґрунтуються на принципах доказової медицини.
Наследственный фосфат-диабет: причины, симптомы, диагностика, лечение (данные литературы и собственного наблюдения)
Authors: Konyshevskaya A. А. , Shelestova L. P. , Sidorenko N. V. , Sevastyanova N. Ye. , Kuzevanova M. V.
Published: April 2023

Описаны особенности течения фосфат-диабета (ФД) у детей. Изложен обзор литературы по этиологии, патогенезу, классификации, клинике, диагностике и терапии ФД у детей, а также приведено собственное наблюдение ребёнка 4,5 года с этим заболеванием. Знание особенностей течения ФД существенно поможет клиницисту в установлении диагноза, назначении консультации узких специалистов, а также адекватной тактики лечения.
Роль оксида азота и VNTR 4a/4b полиморфизма гена еNOS в развитии функциональных расстройств системы дыхания у детей, проживающих на радиоактивно загрязнённых территориях
Authors: Stepanova E. I. , Kolpakov I. E. , Litvinets O. M. , Vdovenko V. Yu. , Kondrashova V. G. , Lionovich E. S. , Zigalo V. N.
Published: April 2023

Для определения возможных ассоциативных связей полиморфизма 4a/4b гена еNOS с показателями, характеризующими функциональное состояние бронхолёгочной системы, обследовано 150 детей; основная группа – 101 ребёнок, проживающий на радиоактивно загрязнённых территориях, контрольная – 49 детей. Дети основной группы по частоте полиморфных 4а/4b генотипов и аллелей гена eNOS не отличались от контроля и данных литературы. У детей основной группы с генотипом 4а/4b по сравнению с детьми с генотипом 4b/4b при проведении термографического исследования эндотелийзависимой реакции сосудов отмечалось удлинение продолжительности периода восстановления кровообращения до исходного уровня после окклюзионной пробы; снижение содержания нитрита в сыворотке крови; уменьшение интегральных показателей эластичности и растяжимости лёгочной ткани, проходимости дыхательных путей; в 1,5 раза чаще регистрировали признаки бронхоспазма. Более выраженные изменения эндотелийзависимой реакции сосудов на окклюзию и достоверное снижение уровня нитрита в сыворотке крови у носителей аллеля а, особенно у детей, проживающих в неблагоприятных экологических условиях, дало основание отнести их к группе риска по развитию эндотелиальной дисфункции, а нарушение вентиляционной способности лёгких рассматривать как одно из её проявлений.
Шкала оцінки ризику віддаленого несприятливого прогнозу після перенесеного інфаркту міокарда із зубцем Q: етапи створення
Authors: Korol S. V.
Published: April 2023

Модель прогнозування дворічної смертності була створена на основі реєстрового дослідження STIMUL (з елевацією ST інфаркти міокарда в Україні та їх летальність), до якого ввійшло 1103 хворих з гострим коронарним синдромом (ГКС) з елевацією сегмента ST. З діагнозом інфаркту міокарда (ІМ) із зубцем Q виписано 872 особи, за якими продовжено подальше спостереження. До моделі увійшли: вік (від 0,5 до 3,5 бала), ІІ клас гострої серцевої недостатності (СН) і вище за Killip (4 бала), непроведення реперфузії (2 бала), рівень тропоніну І 15 нг/мл і вище (2 бала), раптова зупинка кровообігу під час ГКС (2 бала), цукровий діабет (2 бала), ознаки застійної СН в анамнезі (3 бала). Підсумок балів дозволив визначити ризик смертності після перенесеного ІМ. Наявність від 0 до 4 балів відповідала низькому ризику дворічної смертності (5 %), 4,5–10 балів – помірному (40 %), 10,5 балів і вище – високому (70 %). За шкалою передбачено несприятливий прогноз у 51,8 % пацієнтів, виживаність – у 93,5 % (с-statistic 0,9; P < 0,001), що свідчить про її високе прогностичне значення.
Многоплодная беременность и лапароскопически ассистированная аппендэктомия
Authors: Abu Shamsia R. N. , Poladich I. V.
Published: April 2023

Острый аппендицит является наиболее распространённой хирургической патологией у женщин с многоплодной беременностью, что угрожает жизни матери, плода и составляет от 0,03 до 5,2 %. Стремительное развитие лапароскопической хирургии обусловило переоценку роли лапароскопии у беременных, в результате чего лапароскопическая аппендэктомия стала разумной альтернативой открытой операции на разных сроках беременности. Выполнение лапароскопически ассистированной аппендэктомии у женщин с многоплодной беременностью обеспечивает малую инвазивность, надёжность и высокую экономическую эффективность. Преимуществом лапароскопически ассистированной аппендэктомии по сравнению с лапароскопической аппендэктомией является более короткая экспозиция на беременную матку напряжённого карбоксиперитонеума и уменьшение его негативного влияния на плод.
Особливості професійного розвитку керівників установ охорони здоров’я
Authors: Vezhnovets Т. A. , Pariy V. D.
Published: April 2023

Вивчали особливості професійного розвитку керівників установ охорони здоров’я (УОЗ). Проведено соціологічне опитування 200 керівників УОЗ (відгук 88 %) з визначення періоду професійної майстерності та професійних криз, оптимального віку для початку роботи, максимальної тривалості ефективного періоду роботи на керівній посаді тощо. Встановлено, що керівники досягають піку професійної майстерності у період від 4 до 10 років роботи. Максимальна тривалість ефективного періоду роботи на керівній посаді становить 7–10 років. Формування професійної кризи у керівників УОЗ відбувається наприкінці періоду адаптації до роботи (1-й рік), на початку періоду професійної майстерності (7-й рік) та наприкінці його (10-й рік), а також на початку періоду регресу (20-й рік). Ґендерних відмінностей у структурі періодів професійної майстерності та періодів професійних криз не виявлено. Оптимальна періодичність підвищення кваліфікації для керівників УОЗ становить кожні 5 років. Отримані результати необхідно враховувати при оптимальній побудові кар’єри на керівній посаді в УОЗ.
Cultivation of festulolium mixed with alfalfa foraging purposes in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Bakshaev D. Y. , Kashevarov N. I. , Zhdanova I. L.
Published: April 2023

Festulolium is a promising but little-studied fodder crop. The authors found that in the year of laying the herbage of Festulolium in mixtures, the height of plants increased by 6–11% compared with singlespecies sowing. However, the number of shoots per plant decreased from 3 to 2, and the root length decreased by 20%. The survival rate of plants was 84.9–97.4% after winter, depending on the year of sowing. Survival decreased to 46–92% for alfalfa in mixtures, and it was as low as 46–84% when sown with mixture seeds. This was affected by a decrease in reserve nutrients - sugars in the roots of plants. The sugar content decreased by 26%, from 5.14% to 3.77%. No positive effect was observed when sowing with alternating 1–3 rows of festulolium and 1 row of alfalfa. The introduction of nitrogen at a dose of 30 kg a.i. (active ingredient)/ha increased the efficiency of skip-row planting and sowing with a mixture of seeds by 21% due to the positive responsiveness of the components to fertiliser. An increase in the nitrogen dose to 60 kg/ha harmed alfalfa, reducing its share in the herbage to 7% by the third year of use. This decrease was due to the displacement of the more nitrogen-responsive festulolium. The efficiency of crops increases with a reduction in the share of the cereal component and an increase in the percentage of legumes with an alternation of rows of 1:3. The yield was 35.7–42.7 t/ha of green mass, which is higher than that of the single-species sowing of festulolium by 19–53%. The increase is due to an increase in the leaf coverage of alfalfa plants up to 46–49% (against 44% in control) due to the optimisation of layering in the herbage. The introduction of nitrogen at a dose of 30 kg/ha contributes to an increase in yield by 14% (0.43–5.0 t/ ha) due to the increased share of the cereal component in the mixture, an increase in the number of shoots on the plant by 11.1% and their mass by 12.5–17.8%. The introduction of N60 in the joint crops of festulolium and alfalfa is not advisable since it does not give a significant increase in yield and does not pay off the costs incurred.
Influence of paratypes factors on the level of zinc in the lungs of the Hereford breed
Authors: Narozhnykh K. N. , Silovanova A. N.
Published: April 2023

The study aims to evaluate the influence of the ecological and geographical factors on the zinc content of light Hereford bulls and calculate the reference intervals for this metal. Lung samples weighing 100 g were taken from clinically healthy bulls of the Hereford breed in the Maslyaninsky, Novosibirsk and Krasnozersky districts of the Novosibirsk region and the Tselinny district of the Altai Territory. The chemical composition of lung tissues was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization. The homoscedasticity of dispersions in groups was assessed using the Fligner-Keelin test. The influence of the factor was determined using the Kruskal-Wallisl test. Multiple intergroup comparisons were made using Dunn’s test and Holm’s correction. The maximum zinc level was found in animals bred in the Maslyaninsky district (26.6 mg/kg) and the minimum – in Krasnozersky (13.8 mg/kg). Cattle from the Maslyaninsky district are characterized by higher phenotypic variability in zinc content in the lungs than in other areas. Generally, the variability of the studied metal in the lungs of gobies is relatively low. Group variances in the zinc level in cattle lungs are homoscedastic (x2 =2.27; P=0.518). The influence of the ecological and geographical factors on the zinc level in Hereford cattle’s lungs was established (H = 12.158; P = 0.007). The concentration of metal in the lungs of bulls from the Krasnozersky district is statistically significantly different from cattle from Maslyaninsky (Z = -2.96; P = 0.009). There were no statistically significant differences in Zn concentration in lung tissues between animals from other regions. Reference intervals for the content of zinc in the lungs of Hereford cattle in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia are 12.44-24.12 mg/kg, with 90% confidence intervals for the lower limit of 10.15-13.66 mg/kg and the upper limit of 22.73 -26.49 mg/kg.
Evaluation of reproductive and productive qualities of roosters of different lines of the IZA-F-15 cross
Authors: Reimer V. A. , Knyazev S. P. , Kentsina A.-M. A.
Published: April 2023

Artificial insemination of poultry allows for an increase in reproductive qualities, reduces feed costs for products, and improves breeding work. The authors evaluated the reproductive and productive attributes of roosters of two different lines on adult birds of the IZA-F-15 cross by phases and during the effective period. All hens in both groups belonged to the maternal form of this cross. It was found that the males of the M-22 line were superior to their peers of the M-99 line in terms of ejaculate volume and the number of sperm per 1 ml in the productive period phases and for the entire cycle of their use. The sperm parameters (number of standard forms of spermatozoa and their motility) were similar in both groups of roosters and amounted to 71.35 - 73.79% and 7.07 - 7.5 points, respectively. Roosters of the M-22 line were superior to those of the M-99 line in terms of a set of indicators of reproductive qualities (ejaculate volume, sperm count per 1 ml, fertility and hatching egg yield). Differences in hands were statistically significant. However, the egg production of laying hens and the average weight of their eggs were high. Using males of different lines in artificial insemination did not reveal significant differences in these indicators. The fertility of eggs and the yield of hatching eggs significantly increased in hens inseminated with the sperm of M-22 roosters (group 2), compared with the control, respectively, from 95.94 to 97.33 and from 89.14 to 91.14%. At the same time, the output of broiler chickens in both groups was at a high level and almost the same (80.21 and 82.25%).
Morphology features of semilunar valves of the aorta and pulmonary trunk in Siberian roe deer
Authors: Tarasevich V. N. , Zhilin R. A. , Tarasevich A. N.
Published: April 2023

The authors conducted morphological studies of the structure of the semilunar heart valves in Siberian roe deer aged 1.5-2 years. The authors used the hearts of 3 males obtained in the Irkutsk region for research. The work used elements of access to semilunar valves, photographing and morphometry of structures of the mouth of the pulmonary trunk and aorta. The aortic valve of the Siberian roe deer is formed by three flaps (left, right and septal), where the morphometric parameters of the free edge of the left flap exceed the values of the other two. The greatest severity of the bottom part of the pockets is noted at the level of the left and right flaps. Their weight ranges from 4.2 ± 0.13 to 7.45 ± 0.27 mm. The authors noticed the severity of nodules on 55.6% of the flaps, where the nodule is shifted relative to the centre of the free edge of the flap by 11.4%. Three flaps represent the semilunar valve of the pulmonary trunk: left, intermediate and right, where the value of the height of the valve flaps is at the level of 12.2 ± 0.11 mm, width – 28.3 ± 0.29 and thickness – 0.18 mm. The bottom part is developed in all pockets of the valve, it covers almost the entire lumen of the mouth, and the most significant development was in the right bag – 5.9 ± 0.11 mm. Valve nodules were noted in 67% of the valves, where the percentage of deviation from the centre was similar to the aortic valve. By analyzing the indicators of the distance between the sash commissures and the width of its free section, it is possible to judge the severity of the elasticity of the wall of the pulmonary trunk and aorta. At the same time, the width of the free edge of the flap exceeds the value of the distance between the commissures at the pulmonary trunk valve by 1.4 and the aortic valve by 1.34 times.
Influence of foliar fertilising on adaptation characteristics of plum varieties under arid conditions of the Astrakhan region
Authors: Alexandrova T. I.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of the influence of out-root fertilizing on the parameters of the leaf surface of varieties of domestic plums in arid conditions of light chestnut soils of the Northern Caspian. The study was conducted at the experimental site of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The pilot site was laid in 2014. Records and observations were carried out in 2019-2021. The research materials were varieties of plums Kuban early, Renclod Altana, Burbank and out-root leafy fertilizing preparations Master, Aquarin, Ultramag boron and Ultramag calcium. The leading indicators of the production process include the leaf surface area, photosynthetic capability and the net efficiency of photosynthesis, which show a close direct relationship with yield. Developing an optimal leaf surface area is an essential component of the technology and is vital for effectively absorbing light energy for photosynthesis. Analysis of the effects of micro-fertilizers Aquarin and Ultramag boron at the same time Ultramag calcium on the parameters of the leaf surface of plum trees showed that the most responsive varieties for the use of this drug were the Kuban early and Burbank varieties. The Renkloda Althana variety responded better to the action of the Master preparation. The largest leaf area formed on 1 ha, relative to the control, differed in the variant with the combined use of Aquarin, Ultramag boron and Ultramag calcium, which amounted to 3671 m2. Among the varieties, the Burbank variety was characterized by the largest leaf area formed per 1 ha, in which this indicator was 3080 m2.
Systemic application of the immunological scheme for diagnosing Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp.
Authors: Sokolova L. M.
Published: April 2023

About 6400 genera, including more than 64000 species, belong to ascomycotes. A significant part of ascomycetes are saprotrophs, the leading place belongs to the fungi pp. Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sр. Alternaria species are a very aggressive pathogenic genus that causes diseases in a large number of economically important crops. 300 species of the genus Alternaria have been identified worldwide, including A. dauci, A. radicinia, A. alternata, A. tenuissima, A. brassicicola and A. solani. Crop losses from the genus Alternaria can reach from 40 to 90%. Leaves, petioles and stems are affected. The genus Fusarium includes a number of species that are the causes of various diseases on most agriculturally significant crops. The most common are: F. oxysporum, causing wilting diseases and affecting the vascular system of plants. F. avenaceum is a widespread species, and F. poae belongs to the section Sporotrichiella Wollenw. Fusarium is a common and dangerous fungal disease. Plants are affected at any age. The fungus is located in the soil and penetrates into the plant through the soil and wounds. In young plants, the disease manifests itself in the form of rotting of the roots and root neck. Based on the above pathogenesis, the purpose of our research was to monitor, identify pathogenic fungi pp. Fusarium sр. and Alternaria sрp and develop a scheme with the gradual inclusion of phytopathological methods in the breeding process. Thus, using phytopathological methods of isolating pathogens of alternariasis and fusariasis from different organs of plants and soil, a collection of the most aggressive pathogens pp. Fusarium and Alternaria has been created. Comparative analyses of the informativeness of various methods of immunological assessment of resistance depending on the type of pathogen allowed us to develop and test a scheme for the sequential inclusion in the selection process of various methods that are applicable at different stages of plant development in order to increase the effectiveness of selection for group resistance to pathogens pp. Fusarium and Alternaria. The applied selection and immunological system of methods made it possible to create new tolerant hybrids, as well as valuable starting material with complex resistance to A. radicina, A.dauci and F.oxysporum was obtained from various lines and variety populations.
Effect of tillage minimisation on the carbon balance in the soil in the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region
Authors: Sharkov I. N. , Androkhanov V. A. , Samokhvalova L. M. , Antipina P. V.
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to assess the carbon balance in leached chernozem when used in a long-term field experiment in 2 variants: with annual ploughing to a depth of 25 – 27 cm and surface treatment by 6 – 8 cm. In the experiment, spring wheat was grown using intensive technology in a crop rotation, pure fallow - wheat - wheat. The variants of the experiment differed in the number of plant residues: straw was removed from half of the fields, and on the other half, it was planted and crushed into the soil after harvesting. The authors estimated the carbon balance based on the element’s input into the ground with plant residues (straw and roots) and its losses in the form of CO2  from the soil’s organic matter during the growing season. The total loss of С–СО2 for the period May – September was calculated based on the average daily rate of production of СО2 , which was determined in the field of pure fallow once a week by the absorption method. Minimization, the transition from ploughing to surface tillage, did not significantly impact the average annual wheat yield (2.49 – 2.60 t/ha) and the number of plant residues (1670 – 1818 kg C/ha of arable land). Also, between these treatment backgrounds, no significant differences were found in the average annual mineralization of organic matter and the carbon balance in the soil. These indicators depended only on the amount of plant matter (straw and roots) entering the ground. The poor credit of carbon in the land (-752 kg C/ha of arable land) was registered when straw was alienated from the field. When it was left on the field, the balance of the element became much more favourable (-88 kg C/ha of arable land), approaching a deficit-free state. The authors concluded that a carbon balance close to a deficit-free one was ensured, regardless of the primary tillage with an average annual wheat yield in a 3-field grain-fallow crop rotation of about 2.5 t/ha of grain and the incorporation of the entire non-marketable part of the crop into the soil in the leached chernozem.
Effect of Planned Teaching on Knowledge of Mothers Regarding Prevention of Vitamin A Deficiency among Under Five Children from a Selected Urban Area
Authors: Kumbhar Vandana
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient. It enhances children’s immunity and protects against illness/morbidity and reduces death/mortality. Therefore, it is essential for child survival. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of mothers on Vitamin A requirements, sources, deficiency, and its prophylaxis among under five children before and after planned teaching program. Methodology: The data were collected from 100 mothers of under five children using semi structured questionnaire in the selected Anganwadi from Ahmed Nagar District. Results: The majority of the mothers belong to the age group of 21–40 (83%) and (41%) completed secondary education, Majority (58%) had two children. The knowledge mean score in pretest in the area of concept of Vitamin A was 1.78, whereas in post-test, it was increased to 3.39. Mean score analysis is done in different sections of questionnaire such as Sources of Vitamin A, requirement of Vitamin A and Vitamin A deficiency, and prevention and prophylaxis, and its found increased in post-test score in all respective areas. The overall mean score was 13.8 out of maximum score of 50 in pre-test and 31.8 in post-test which was statistically significant. Conclusion: As study shows the significance of the difference between pre-test and post-test 13.81–31.8, respectively.
Knowledge and Lifestyle Practices Regarding Coronary Artery Disease among Women
Authors: Issac Reena
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death all over the world. Good knowledge and lifestyle practices reduce the incidence of CAD. Objectives: The objectives of this study was to determine the knowledge and lifestyle practices regarding CAD among women and also to identify the association of knowledge and lifestyle practices with selected socio-personal variables. Methodology: A descriptive survey design was employed to collect self-reported data from 102 women (35–55 years) residing in two communities in Kerala, India. Results: Major part of the study participants (35.3%) was between 35 and 39 years, 63.7% educated up to 10th standard, and 55.9% were household workers. Majority of the women had good knowledge, 8.8% had excellent, 28.4% had average, and 17.6% had poor knowledge. The area-wise analysis showed comparatively poor mean percentage of knowledge about risk factors (52.8%) diagnosis and treatment (53.5%). Better mean percentage was observed for meaning of CAD (77.35%), signs and symptoms (83%), and lifestyle modifications (75.5%). The study showed 69.6% of women had good lifestyle practices, 19.6% had very good, and 10.8% had average lifestyle practices. None of them had either excellent or poor lifestyle practices. Area-wise analysis of lifestyle practices showed that a lower mean percentage was noted with dietary practices (62.9%) and physical activity (57.3%) compared to habits (86.7%) sleep, and rest and stress reduction measures (77.2%). The level of education and knowledge is associated significantly (P < 0.001).