bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative ethnomedicinal study and conservation status of medicinal flora used by the indigenous peoples of Sultan Khail valley, Dir Upper, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman K. , Akhtar N. , Subhan F. , Ali K.
Published: December 2023

Abstract The present study was conducted to explore the ethnomedicinal uses, quantitative analysis and conservation status of medicinal flora of Sultan Khail valley, Dir Upper, Pakistan. The data was collected during 2017-2019 using a semi-structured questionnaire. Ethnomedicinal uses of plant species were determined and the plant species were classified based on habits, parts used, and method of preparation of remedies. Frequency of citation (FC), relative frequency of citation (RFC) and family importance values (FIV) were calculated. The plant species were assessed for their conservation status as per IUCN standard criteria. The inhabitants of the Sultan Khail valley use 88 plant species belonging to 57 families for the treatment of different human diseases. Lamiaceae was the dominant family represented with 8 medicinal species (9%) followed by Rosaceae (5 species, 6%). The most commonly used plant parts were leaves (33.1%) followed by fruits (16.1%), while the main method of remedy preparation was decoctions (33.3%). The highest RFC value was recorded for Geranium wallichianum (0.47), followed by Berberis lycium (0.44). Lamiaceae was the most cited family (FIV, 231), followed by Polygonaceae (73). Five plant species were found to be endangered, 39 species were vulnerable, 32 species were rare, and 12 species were found to be infrequent. The medicinal flora of the area is under severe biotic pressure and needs proper conservation; otherwise, they will be lost in the near future.
REPERCUSSÕES PSICOLÓGICAS EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES APÓS AFASTAMENTO PATERNO POR VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL: NARRATIVAS MATERNAS
Authors: Santos Joana D’arc Ferreira Lopes , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Cruz Moniky Araújo da , Whitaker Maria Carolina Ortiz , Mauricio Maria Deolinda Antunes Luz Lopes Dias , Silva Keile Kemyly Assis da , Ferreira Mayana Bonfim
Published: December 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Desvelar as repercussões psicológicas percebidas por mães em crianças e adolescentes após o afastamento paterno por violência conjugal. Método: Estudo de caráter descritivo-exploratório e abordagem qualitativa desenvolvido com as genitoras em processo judicial por violência conjugal junto à 2ª Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro e novembro de 2021 através de entrevista realizada por aplicativo de reunião virtual, sendo guiada por formulário semiestruturado. As entrevistas foram gravadas, mediante autorização e, posteriormente, convertidas para a versão escrita com apoio do Microsoft Word. Os dados foram organizados por meio da análise de conteúdo temático, proposto por Bardin. Resultados: Esta pesquisa foi realizada com oito mulheres/mães na faixa etária de 29 a 39 anos majoritariamente autodeclaradas negras, evangélicas, solteiras e com ensino médio completo. No momento da entrevista, as mulheres tinham de seis meses a um ano e meio de separadas, tendo convivido com o pai das crianças e adolescentes de 7 a 15 anos e, na sua maioria, tinha um único filho, cuja idade variava entre 5 e 15 anos. Como resultados das entrevistas emergiram três categorias: Emocionais, Comportamentais e Psíquicas. Conclusão: O estudo revela que, após o afastamento paterno decorrente de medida protetiva às mães com história de violência conjugal, crianças e adolescentes apresentam repercussões de ordem emocional, comportamental e psíquica. O estudo pode contribuir no fortalecimento do cuidado psicológico de crianças/adolescentes que experienciaram a violência, munindo profissionais de subsídios para traçar estratégias preventivas.
INTEROPERABILIDADE SEMÂNTICA: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ABORDAGEM ONTOLÓGICA DE QUINE
Authors: Weiss Leila Cristina , Bräscher Marisa
Published: December 2023

RESUMO Analisa as perspectivas ontológicas dos estudos sobre interoperabilidade semântica da Ciência da Informação à luz das noções propostas na abordagem ontológica de Willard Van Orman Quine. Um importante campo de estudo para o desenvolvimento da interoperabilidade semântica é a Organização do Conhecimento. As pesquisa nesse campo são desenvolvidas com base em diferentes abordagens e posturas epistêmicas, dentre as quais se destacam as abordagens ontológica e epistemológica e as posturas pragmática e positivista. Uma suposição que permeia a pesquisa sobre Organização do Conhecimento, ainda que muitas vezes apareça apenas de forma implícita, diz respeito à necessidade de adquirir conhecimento objetivo sobre a realidade para desenvolver Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento que tornem diferentes universos de conhecimento interoperáveis. A partir da análise das perspectivas ontológicas dos estudos sobre interoperabilidade semântica à luz das noções ontológicas de Quine é possível concluir que se debruçar sobre os diferentes domínios, o que é relacionado à abordagem epistemológica e subjetiva na Organização do Conhecimento, é a melhor forma que o profissional da informação tem para entrar em contato e identificar, na medida do possível, o lado objetivo do conhecimento para sua posterior representação.
DESAFIOS NO COMPARTILHAMENTO DE DADOS: ANOMIA RELACIONADA AOS DIREITOS AUTORAIS
Authors: Monteiro Elizabete Cristina de Souza de Aguiar , Sant'Ana Ricardo César Gonçalves
Published: December 2023

RESUMO Cooperação e trabalho articulado entre as partes interessadas no ciclo da comunicação científica são cruciais para que o compartilhamento de dados seja eficaz e permita a localização e a reutilização dos dados. A anomia, termo aqui associado à falta de clareza de informações, normas e diretrizes, à perda das referências normativas, ao descumprimento de regras ou a negação da moral, é barreira para tal compartilhamento. As vertentes do direito autoral são preponderantes nas orientações dos publicadores de dados para melhor reuso e citação dos autores, e perpassam por diversas temáticas. O objetivo foi apresentar a investigação sobre indícios que contribuam para a compreensão de como o estado de anomia a respeito de direitos autorais pode inibir o compartilhamento de dados. Foi utilizada a pesquisa documental, exploratória e o método Análise de Conteúdo com aplicação de framework que considera as dimensões institucional e individual. Os resultados apontaram indícios de que os pesquisadores têm pouca clareza sobre as leis e as normativas, gerando um desequilíbrio entre metas institucionais e os meios para atingi-las, incluindo o descumprimento de diretrizes. Conclui-se que há orientações sobre direitos autorais tanto, entretanto foram identificados elementos que apontam para um estado de anomia relacionado a tais orientações.
FRAMEWORK GENÉRICO PARA GERAÇÃO AUTOMÁTICA DE ASSUNTOS E INDEXAÇÃO EM REPOSITÓRIO DIGITAL
Authors: Brito Jean Carlos Borges , Martins Dalton Lopes
Published: December 2023

RESUMO Este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar um framework genérico para geração automática de assuntos, utilizando técnicas de aprendizagem de máquina na ferramenta Annif. Posteriormente, executar a indexação de dados e metadados em repositório digital, propiciando a recuperação de registros através de busca facetada. Para alcance desse objetivo, aplicou-se o framework na área da Ciência da Informação, construindo um corpus de conhecimento, baseado em metadados de 438 artigos da Base Brasileira de Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI). Utilizou-se o Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação (TBCI) como vocabulário controlado. Empregou-se a aplicação “coletor” desenvolvida em phyton para baixar metadados e arquivos completos de Dissertações e Teses de coleções existentes no Repositório Institucional da Universidade de Brasília (RiUnB). Após o processo de treinamento do modelo com Annif, foram executadas geração automática de assuntos e indexados em repositório digital Tainacan. Nesse repositório, foram criadas taxonomias baseadas no vocabulário controlado elaborado. Ao final, foi possível parametrizar buscas facetadas com possibilidade de o usuário inserir etiquetagem e ao mesmo tempo realizar navegação web, selecionando os termos da taxonomia facetada. Conclui-se que o framework genérico proposto pode ser aplicado em qualquer área de conhecimento, auxiliando na geração automática de assuntos, indexação em repositório digital e parametrização de taxonomias facetadas para recuperação da informação.
Real-time changes in rib cage expansion and use of abdominal mechanical stimulation in newborns: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Santos Jaiana Xavier , Silva Pedro Ykaro Fialho , Cruz Maria Clara Lima da , Silva Bianca Fernandes Vasconcelos e , Azevedo Ingrid Guerra , Pereira Silvana Alves
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the rib cage expansion and respiratory rate in newborns using an abdominal stabilization band. Methods: The study included 32 newborns of both genders, with gestational age between 35 and 41 weeks. The abdominal stabilization band was used for 15 minutes between the xiphoid process and the anterosuperior iliac crest, with an abdominal contention 0.5cm smaller than the abdominal circumference. The rib cage expansion was evaluated by a breathing transducer (Pneumotrace II™) three minutes before using the band, during the use (15 minutes), and ten minutes after removing the band. The Shapiro-Wilk test verified data normality, and the Wilcoxon test compared the variables considering rib cage expansion and respiratory rate. Significance was set to p<0.05. Results: There was an increase in respiratory rate when comparing before and ten minutes after removing (p=0.008) the abdominal stabilization band, as well as when comparing during its use and ten minutes after its removal (p=0.001). There was also an increase in rib cage expansion when comparing before and during the use of the abdominal stabilization band (p=0.005). Conclusions: The use of the abdominal stabilization band promoted an increase in the rib cage expansion and respiratory rate in the assessed newborns and may be a viable option to improve the respiratory kinematics of this population.
Journalistic media and adolescents in the COVID-19 pandemic: a documental analysis
Authors: Oliveira Marcela Claudia de Paula , Costa Emilia Chagas , Silva Lygia Maria Pereira da , Barbosa Livia Novaes Vieira , Barros Mauro Virgilio Gomes de , Mota Filho José Henrique Cavalcanti , Correia Junior Marco Aurelio de Valois
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze how the journalistic media has described the issues of quality of life (QoL), physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH) of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive and qualitative study that used content analysis. Sixty-two journalistic publications were analyzed from a total of 8211 published by the most read newspapers in each Brazilian region between December 2019 and August 2021. Results: The results were grouped and evaluated in three categories: QoL (n=11), PA (n =9) and MH (n=42). In the analyzed period, the adolescents had more time of exposure to screens, contributing to an inadequate diet, a decrease in PA and impairments in QoL. According to the media publications, the pandemic has also contributed to an increase in anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear resulting from the mental and emotional disorganization caused by the abrupt change in routine. Social vulnerability was presented as an aggravating factor in this context. The journalistic media did not pay the necessary attention to adolescents regarding the negative consequences of the pandemic on QoL, PA and MH. Conclusions: The analyzed reports showed that the pandemic caused a decrease in social interaction, feelings of uncertainty, fear and the appearance/exacerbation of symptoms of anxiety, stress and depression. Social vulnerability was presented as another obstacle to be faced in this problem.
Association between sleep duration and latency, nocturnal awakenings, and body mass index among infants
Authors: Oliveira Priscilla Márcia Bezerra de , Lima Márcia de Oliveira , Marinho Patrícia de Menezes , Silveira Jonas Augusto Cardoso da , Menezes Risia Cristina Egito de , Longo-Silva Giovana
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration, nocturnal awakenings, and sleep latency with body mass index (BMI) at six and 12 months of age. Methods: 179 children from a birth cohort were enrolled. At six and 12 months of age, anthropometric data were obtained using standardized techniques and infants’ mothers answered the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire for sleep data. The association of BMI with the independent variables (sleep duration, latency, and nocturnal awakenings) was assessed by linear regression models. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and a p-value<0.05 was adopted to define statistical significance. Results: For each additional hour of sleep duration, BMI was reduced by 0.15 kg/m² (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.28; -0.01; p=0.03) and each additional minute of sleep latency increased BMI by 0.01 kg/m² (95%CI -0.00; 0.03; p=0.02). These associations were independent of gestational age, child sex, birth weight, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, smoking during pregnancy, and mother’s BMI, education, and marital status. Nocturnal awakenings showed no association with the outcome. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that sleep duration and sleep latency time are associated with BMI in the first year of life. Insights into the influence of sleep early in life on weight status may be helpful to complement future nutritional recommendations and prevent and treat obesity.
Dos Intrépidos Gaúchos aos Responsáveis Homens de Camisa Azul: Moralidade, Sociabilidade e Hierarquia na Sociedade do Agronegócio
Authors: Meyer Gustavo , Gerhardt Cleyton
Published: December 2023

Resumo Se há o dado objetivo relativo ao avanço do agronegócio sobre o Cerrado e discursos que o legitimam, tal processo não ocorre num vazio cultural. Por trás da estruturação do que se tem chamado de “sociedade do agronegócio” encontram-se sociabilidades, moralidades e hierarquias constituídas enquanto regularidades sociais. Recorrendo-se ao método etnográfico aplicado entre 2018 e 2020 junto a atores representativos dessa sociedade no Polo de Irrigação do Planalto Central, envolvendo porções contíguas de Goiás, Minas Gerais e Distrito Federal, o artigo tem como objetivo explorar traços sociais que marcam o dizer e o aparecer de quem habita tal sociedade. Ao deslocar a atenção dos interesses em jogo, evidenciamos como seus membros, ao reproduzirem padrões estéticos e narrativas coerentes partilhadas em suas redes, reforçam uma unidade de grupo criadora de espaços comuns e vínculos intersubjetivos, delimitando um sentido de pertencimento mobilizador de um modo particular de agir e expressar.
Bioactive compounds from the parasitic plant Arceuthobium vaginatum inhibit Haemonchus contortus egg hatching
Authors: Becerril-Gil María Mitsi Nalleli , Estrada-Flores Julieta Gertrudis , González-Cortazar Manases , Zamilpa Alejandro , Endara-Agramont Ángel Rolando , Mendoza-de Gives Pedro , López-Arellano María Eugenia , Olmedo-Juárez Agustín
Published: December 2023

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro ovicidal activity of an ethyl acetate extract from Arceuthobium vaginatum (EtOAc-E) and their subfractions (AvR5-AvR14) against Haemonchus contortus using the egg hatching inhibition (EHI) test. The EtOAc-E and subfractions were tested at 0.12-2.00 and at 0.015-2.0 mg/mL, respectively. Distilled water and methanol (2%) were used as negative controls and Thiabendazole (0.10 mg/mL) as a positive control. Treatments with a dependent effect on concentration were subjected to regression analysis to determine the effective concentrations (EC50 and EC90). The major secondary compounds present in the extract and subfractions were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The EtOAc-E and AvR9 exhibited the best ovicidal effect recording 97.5 and 100% of EHI at 0.25 mg/mL, respectively. The EtOAc-E and AvR9 displayed an EC50= 0.12 and 0.08 mg/mL, respectively. The HPLC analysis in the EtOAc-E and bioactive fractions indicated the presence of a polyphenol, glycosylated flavanones, quercetin glucoside, cinnamates, coumarin, cinnamic acid derivative, ferulic acid, coumarate, naringenin, protocatechuic acid and naringin. Results demonstrated that A. vaginatum extract and fraction is able to inhibit the egg hatch process of H. contortus and could be a viable option for the control of small ruminant haemonchosis.
Online Bin Packing with Predictions
Authors: Angelopoulos Spyros , Kamali Shahin , Shadkami Kimia
Published: December 2023

Bin packing is a classic optimization problem with a wide range of applications, from load balancing to supply chain management. In this work, we study the online variant of the problem, in which a sequence of items of various sizes must be placed into a minimum number of bins of uniform capacity. The online algorithm is enhanced with a potentially erroneous prediction concerning the frequency of item sizes in the sequence. We design and analyze online algorithms with efficient tradeoffs between the consistency, which is the competitive ratio assuming no prediction error, and the robustness, which is the competitive ratio under adversarial error. Moreover, we demonstrate that the performance of our algorithm degrades near-optimally as a function of the prediction error. This is the first theoretical and experimental study of online bin packing under competitive analysis in the realistic setting of learnable predictions. Previous work addressed only extreme cases with respect to the prediction error and relied on overly powerful and error-free oracles.
Ruus Defterlerine Göre XVII. Yüzyılda Taşra Müftülerinin Görev Yaptığı Medreseler
Authors: KÖSE Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2023

Bu makale, 17. yüzyıl boyunca Osmanlı taşrasında müftülük yapmış âlimlerin görev

yaptıkları medreselere odaklanmaktadır. Osmanlı merkezi tarafından resmi olarak müftü

ve müderrislik pozisyonlarına atanan âlimlerin atama kayıtları ruus defterlerinde yer

almaktadır. Bu kayıtlardan yola çıkarak müftülerin vazife yaptıkları medreseler tespit

edilmiş ve Osmanlı medrese tarihi açısından incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Osmanlı

öncesi ve sonrası farklı dönemlerde ve farklı kişiler tarafından Anadolu, Rumeli ve Arap

coğrafyasında inşa ettirilen bu medreseler vâkıflarının şartlarına göre hizmet veriyorlardı.

Zengin vakıf gelirleri, banilerinin önemli şahsiyetler olmaları ve müderrislerine sunduğu

imkânlarla bulundukları şehirlerdeki diğer medreselerden ayrılıyorlardı. Osmanlı merkezi

bu medreseleri müftülere tahsis ederek mütevellileri tarafından vakfiye şartlarına göre

idare edilen medreselerin yönetimine ortak olmuş oldu.
Şemaların Nesiller Arası Aktarımına Dair Bir Derleme
Authors: KOÇ Setenay , SARI Sevda
Published: December 2023

Çocukluk dönemindeki ebeveyn-çocuk iletişimlerinin yaşamın ileriki yıllarına olan

etkisini vurgulayan Şema Terapi’ye giderek artan akademik ve klinik ilgi söz konusudur. Bu

ilgi son on yılda şemaların nesiller arası aktarımı ile ilgili çalışmalarını da kapsamaktadır.

Çocukların şemalarının oluşumuna en büyük etkiyi yapan ebeveynlerin, ebeveynlik

davranışlarının da kendi şemalarından etkileniyor olması varsayımı bu çalışmaların

arkasındaki temel varsayımlardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışma

kapsamında incelenen, farklı örneklem büyüklükleri ve özelliklerine sahip araştırmaların

bulguları şemaların nesiller arası geçişine ilişkin önemli kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Bu

geçişte etkili olabilecek çeşitli değişkenlerin giderek daha fazla araştırma desenlerine

dahil edilmesi, konunun giderek daha ayrıntılı ve derinlemesine incelenmesine olan

ihtiyacı işaret etmektedir. Nesiller arası şema geçişinin boylamsal ve nitel desenlerle de

araştırılmasının alandaki eksiklikleri kapatacağı düşünülmüştür.
Calculation of the influence of the entropy of stars on the Earth's exosphere and the theory of entropic gravity
Authors: Violeta N Nikolić
Published: December 2023

In the first part of this study, the entropic contribution of star objects, observable during the night between November 13 and 14, 2021, in the sky above Belgrade (Lat. 44o 49' 04'' N, Long. 20o 27' 25'' E, mean Elev. 117 m), Serbia, to the thermodynamic equilibrium of the Earth's exosphere, was determined. In the second part of the study, the force of gravitational attraction between the considered star objects and the Earth was calculated, by applying entropic gravity theory. The obtained results shed new light on the importance of star objects for sustaining the Earth's thermodynamic system.
Two great sciences could converge in the near future
Authors: Ivan Robert Enriquez Guzman
Published: December 2023

Like most young people in the 90s, I expected to work with computers, so I applied to the Faculty of Systems Engineering of the National Engineering University in my country.
Gerenciamento de impressão na pandemia de Covid-19: estudo em empresas do setor comercial listadas na [B]3
Authors: DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA FRANCISCA KEILA , FREITAS DE SOUZA NATASHA , BARROSO SILVA REGIS
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre o período de pandemia provocada pela Covid-19 e o Gerenciamento
de Impressão (GI) em fatos relevantes divulgados por empresas do setor comercial listadas na [B]3.
Método: Foram analisados os Fatos Relevantes divulgados entre 2017 e 2022 pelas empresas do setor
“Comércio (Atacado e Varejo)” listadas na [B]3, totalizando uma amostra de 779 observações. Como
proxy do GI, foi utilizado o tom anormal das palavras, comparando os períodos “anterior” e “durante”
a Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional (ESPIN) por meio de testes de correlação e
regressão linear múltipla.
Resultados: Foi comprovada a inexistência de diferenças no GI “antes” e “durante” o período de ESPIN.
Verificou-se correlação entre o GI e o tempo de fechamento das atividades econômicas. Estudos prévios
indicam a existência de relação entre o tom e o porte das empresas, sinalizando que em companhias
maiores adotem maior emprego de GI.
Contribuições: Esta pesquisa contribui para a literatura contábil ao propiciar estudo da relação entre
a prática de GI e a crise econômica gerada pela ESPIN. Além disso, auxilia os usuários da informação
contábil a melhor avaliar o processo de divulgação contábil no contexto de crise econômica, subsidiando
a tomada de decisão.
Zinc-Substituted Structures of Hydroxyapatite: Modeling and Experiment
Authors: Bystrov V.S. , Paramonova E.V. , Filippov S.V. , Avakyan L.A. , Chaikina M.V. , Eremina N.V. , Makarova S.V. , Bulina N.V.
Published: December 2023

The results of calculations of the substitution of calcium atoms for zinc in the structure of hydroxyapatite using density functional theory methods using hybrid functionals in the supercell model are presented. Changes in the parameters and volume of the unit cell, energy bands and energy of formation of substitutions with increasing number of substitutions in different positions of calcium (Ca1 and Ca2) are analyzed in comparison with experimental data. A proportional decrease in the parameters and volume of the cell with an increase in the number of substitutions has been established, and a more complex behavior of various cell parameters has been revealed, which is a consequence of the violation of the original symmetry. Electronic energy levels were found to depend on the zinc concentration and the positions of the calcium ions being replaced. In this case, the band gap Eg of hydroxyapatite experiences a jump of 0.6–0.8 eV with the introduction of one zinc ion per supercell, and then decreases and reaches values below the initial Eg value by 0.5–0.6 eV for substitutions in Ca1 positions, and by 0.8–0.9 eV for substitutions in Ca2 positions. It has been shown that the energy of substitution has a complex dependence on the concentration of the substituent and the replacement of calcium ions with zinc occurs predominantly in the Ca2 position over the entire concentration range. An analysis of changes in interatomic distances during the process of relaxation to the equilibrium state at different zinc concentrations was carried out. We revealed formation of bonds between zinc atoms and nearby oxygen anions, which violates the original symmetry of hydroxypatite structures. The data obtained are important for understanding the structural changes that occur during substitution, as well as for understanding and predicting the properties of synthesized biocompatible materials.
Scientific and Methodological Basis for Formation of Teachers Working with Students with Disabilities Acquired during Special Military Operations
Authors: Kozlovskaya G.Y. , Prilepko Yu.V. , Em E.A. , Demidenko O.P. , Kolokolnikova M.V.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes modern approaches to adult education in the context of preparing teachers to interact with students with disabilities acquired during combat and special military operations. Existing research and teaching methods for people with disabilities do not take into account the specifics of this population. We describied the socio-psychological characteristics of persons with disabilities , affecting the possibilities of adaptation and retraining. We formulated the main areas of necessary changes in educational practice: the formation of motivation for retraining, the creation of a friendly educational environment, the adaptation of the educational process to psychological characteristics of the students and their special educational needs. Emphasis is placed on the methodological aspects of organizing the interaction of teachers and students in the process of professional preparation: the use of pedagogical screening, digital technologies, the gamification method, and the universal design of educational and methodological materials.
Image Processing and Deep Learning Integration for Enhancing Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis through Advanced Telemedicine
Authors: Mulagundla Sridevi Et al.
Published: December 2023

Accurate and timely diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy is pivotal for preventing vision loss and enabling effective treatment. This paper presents a pivotal evaluation of an innovative telemedicine system designed for diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. The system combines image processing and deep learning techniques to automate the assessment of retinal fundus images, with a focus on utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and advanced image processing algorithms. In this study, we rigorously evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of this telemedicine system using a diverse dataset of retinal images. Our findings demonstrate the system's remarkable ability to identify diabetic retinopathy accurately. These results shed light on the potential of this integrated approach for real-world clinical applications. The synergy of image processing and deep learning presents a promising solution for automated and timely diabetic retinopathy diagnosis, ultimately enhancing patient care and improving outcomes.
EMOTIONS IN EDUCATION 2050: A FORECASTING EXERCISE
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Zascerinska Jelena , Bikova Anastasija , Aleksejeva Ludmila , Zascerinskis Mihails , Gukovica Olga
Published: December 2023

Prediction on emotions in Education 2050 is both an important problem and a guiding force behind the search for the inter-connections that underlie natural and social phenomena. The aim of this work is to analyse the links and regularities between emotions and Education 2050. The present research is prognostic. The methodology in the present work is forecasting. The method of trend analysis, based on expert opinion investigation, was deployed. The research showed the trend - the emotions’ shift from a psychological phenomenon to the educational category. The trend is based on the analysis of experts’ opinions about the incorporation of “emotional skills” into Education 2050. The forecast for the inter-connections between emotions in Education 2050 is that emotional skills will play the key role in future education as emotions are the drivers of the educational process. During the educational process emotional skills are processed via cognitive evaluation, and, therefore emotional skills become the output/outcome/result of the educational process. Emotional skills will require further investigation of their sub-skills, structure and developmental dynamics. The novel contribution of this research is that the analysis of experts’ opinions is revealed as well as trend and forecast for emotions in Education 2050 are proposed.
SELF-ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTIVE ENGINEERS’ CAREER MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF QUANTUM TRANSITION THEORY IN SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: Baltusite Regina , Katane Irena
Published: December 2023

We live in a changing and complex world open for potential personal development. At the same time, the Earth is moving to a new level, from a 3-dimensional to a 5-dimensional level. This process is called the quantum transition.  Nowadays career management theories are developing and changing under the influence of the quantum transition paradigm, thus the perception of career and the understanding of career have also changed. A career covers the whole life of a person and is individually driven. So, we can speak of a self-directed personal career, which is connected with finding one’s mission in life, one’s vocation. So, moving into the fourth and fifth dimensions opens up more possibilities for finding your purpose: 1) motivated individual choice; 2) career management based on that choice; 3) transition from survival to mission; 4) access to the information field of the Universe; 5) discovery of new abilities – telekinesis, teleportation, clairvoyance, clairaudience, etc. The article considers the notion of the quantum transition, career, career management and the characteristics of the Generation Z from the perspective of various authors. The analysis is carried out by assessing the data acquired on the specific features of the existent career management and the possibilities which provides the current situation for the engineers-to-be. The research aim is to study the specific features of the career management of the prospective engineers in the perspective of the quantum transition. The obtained high-level results testify that engineering students have sufficient employability potential, which largely indicates their competitiveness. The obtained low-level results indicate that the students are not yet ready to lifelong learn and develop professionally throughout his life, is not ready for changes in his chosen career, which indicates a certain inflexibility in thinking and acting. It is precisely these qualities that are very necessary in self-management of a sustainable career. This means that career support services should continue to be offered to promote career self-development and self-management under changing conditions (closely related to quantum transition theory). During the formative (pedagogical) experiment, significant and very significant changes occurred in students' self-assessments according to the following criteria: students' internal and external resources, competitiveness in the chosen profession (p value = 0.005 ... 0.018). This means that during the survey, the self-assessment of internal resources according to these indicators was influenced by the information obtained during the survey from the content of the questionnaire, which allowed for a more adequate self-assessment at the end of the experiment.
IDENTIFICATION OF BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS IN PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
Authors: Kraule Daina
Published: December 2023

The aim of the research is to analyze the theoretical literature on the manifestations of behavior problems of preschool children and to develop and approve a child behavior problem identification tool for educators.The research analyzes the theoretical literature and summarizes findings on the manifestations of behavioral problems of preschool children; analyzes the existing methods of identification of children's behavioral problems in preschool; a study was conducted on the identification of behavioral problems of preschool children and a child behavior problem identification tool developed.
Neuroethics, Neuroscience and Neurohacking: Legal Foundations of the Medical Experiment on Terra Incognita
Authors: Galyukov I. A. , Galyukova M. I.
Published: December 2023

The results of complex and interdisciplinary research conducted at the intersection of legal and medical sciences allow us to create new points of support for the development of innovative technologies. One of the controversial ways to treat neurological pathology is neurohacking. Experimental intervention in the human brain can not only be of a positive therapeutic nature, but also harm the triad of human—society—state security. The main purpose of the paper is to highlight the latest achievements of neuroscience, focusing on the insufficiency of legal regulation of medical experiment in the Russian Federation. Justification of the need for medical research on the higher nervous system is possible only after a thorough analysis of the clinical situation, taking measures to prevent harm to the health of a particular patient, eliminating the impact on an unspecified group of people, as well as motivating the exclusivity of the task, assessing all legal and biological risks. The paper presents the stages of the origin and development of neuroethics in the country, substantiates the close relationship of neuroscience with the bioethical component, proposes the author’s classification of neurohacking, identifies the legal threats of criminal influence on the human body, and provides an argument for the likelihood of using bioengineering technologies to create bioweapons. The conclusions drawn in the work can be further used in the process of formulating normative legal acts regulating the issues of biomedical experiment and the Provisions on the expert council on bio (neuro) ethics.
Correlation of extraterritorial protection of exclusive rights to trademarks with protection of rights to domain names
Authors: Krylepova A. O.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the problem of the protection of exclusive rights to trademarks, which has an extraterritorial potential, with the protection of rights to domain names, also not limited by the geographical boundaries of states. The author analyzes the correlation of international and national regulation of trademark protection with the regulation of domain name rights. The article notes that a domain name is still not an independent means of individualization. The author predicts the possibility of further attribution of domain names to means of individualization through the adoption of appropriate norms at the national and international levels. The article concludes that in the absence of an international treaty on the protection of rights to domain names and its relationship with the protection of rights to other means of individualization, the provisions of article 10 bis of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 1883 on protection against unfair competition have significant potential.
Ethical Standards in Innovative Medicine
Authors: Pirtskhalava Kh. D.
Published: December 2023

States are trying to develop the sector of medicine and healthcare in general, as they are one of the factors contributing to the economic development of states. The trend towards the need to invent innovations, both in the field of technology and medicines, leads to changes in the legislation of regional integration associations, as well as in the domestic legislation of the member states of these integration associations. The development of medicine contributes to the development of medical tourism, which is a positive trend. At the same time, the need for innovative development of medicine cannot go in isolation from the norms of religion. With the development of the innovative pharmaceutical business, such issues as the development of modern education, labor legislation, constitutional legislation, as well as the norms of international public and international private law intersect when it comes to private medical companies, cross-border pharmaceutical business. Indeed, the innovative development of health care is possible in the consolidation of the medical community, the exchange of experience, in combination with the norms of religion.
Detecting Repeating Earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault with Unsupervised Machine Learning of Spectrograms
Authors: Sawi Theresa , Waldhauser Felix , Holtzman Benjamin K. , Groebner Nate
Published: December 2023

Repeating earthquakes—sequences of colocated, quasi-periodic earthquakes of similar size—are widespread along California’s San Andreas fault (SAF) system. Catalogs of repeating earthquakes are vital for studying earthquake source processes, fault properties, and improving seismic hazard models. Here, we introduce an unsupervised machine learning-based method for detecting repeating earthquake sequences (RES) to expand existing RES catalogs or to perform initial, exploratory searches. We implement the “SpecUFEx” algorithm (Holtzman et al., 2018) to reduce earthquake spectrograms into low-dimensional, characteristic fingerprints, and apply hierarchical clustering to group similar fingerprints together independent of location, allowing for a global search for potential RES throughout the data set. We then relocate the potential RES and subject them to the same detection criteria as Waldhauser and Schaff (2021). We apply our method to ∼4000 small (ML 0–3.5) earthquakes located on a 10 km long segment of the creeping SAF and double the number of detected RES, allowing for greater spatial coverage of slip-rate estimations at seismogenic depths. Our method is novel in its ability to detect RES independent of initial locations and is complimentary to existing cross-correlation-based methods, leading to more complete RES catalogs and a better understanding of slip rates at depth.
Electronic Public Services for Citizens – an Outline of the Issues
Authors: Śwital Paweł
Published: December 2023

The implementation of e-services is part of the development of informatization of public administration. Electronic public services are becoming increasingly important nowadays. In addition to the traditional provision of services, electronic administration is becoming one of the key forms of dealing with official matters. A number of legal provisions are being implemented, which are the basis for the implementation of e-services and allow for their use. Actions to change the approach to e-services were forced during the pandemic, which allowed for the acceleration of the process of change and approach to performing tasks by the administration using the Internet. A key role in the provision of electronic services is played by the Electronic Platform of Public Administration Services (ePUAP), which provides one of the largest amounts of e-services. The aim of the article is to define e-services and to demonstrate the legal basis for their implementation in Poland. In addition, the types of e-services, the ePUAP platform and its functionalities as a platform with which it is possible to provide electronic services are discussed. The work uses the dogmatic and legal method.
Legal Interest in a Lawsuit for Declaring the Nullity of Marriage before the Ecclesiastical Court
Authors: Niemczycki Dawid
Published: December 2023

The judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of 8 May 2015 confirmed the existence of a legal interest already at the stage of “legal possibility” to initiate proceedings for declaring the nullity of marriage. This interest determines the trouble-free – in contrast to the actual interest – disclosure of personal data of the opposing party. In addition, implementing the provisions of the Concordat, the fact was emphasized that a legal interest can be had not only in a trial before a secular court, but also in proceedings before an ecclesiastical court. What is more, the judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court draws attention to the importance of the fundamental procedural principle audiatur et altera pars. It enables the respondent to defend itself by presenting its position, which in the process of declaring the nullity of marriage takes a special form, because the overriding value is the objective truth about the existence or non-existence of a given marriage.
National Cybersecurity Strategy 2023
Authors: Barbashina (Vorobieva) Ksenia
Published: December 2023

In the modern world, a country’s cyberspace plays a decisive role in ensuring national security. The last US Cybersecurity Strategy was released in 2018, and on March 2, 2023, the Biden administration released the New US National Cybersecurity Strategy. This document represents the detailed planned goals and objectives of the United States in cyberspace until 2030.
"Success or Failure? The Problem of Evaluating the Results of the US campaign in Afghanistan"
Authors: Breslavtseva Alexandra
Published: December 2023

The end of the US campaign in Afghanistan in 2021 has led to mixed outcomes from the point of view of the American expert community. The article analyzes the problems and ways of evaluating the results of the US long-running campaign in Afghanistan. Special attention is paid to the key issues affecting the US withdrawal and to the main conclusions and lessons that American politicians and experts consider necessary to learn to increase the effectiveness of the US foreign policy mechanism.
A Model of Foreign Policy Decision-Making Factors in the U.S. Congress
Authors: Bunina Anastasia
Published: December 2023

The paper is devoted to modeling the factors of foreign policy decision-making process in the US Congress. It is based on the analysis of data on Russia-related bills proposed in the period from 2010 to 2022. The factors influencing the likelihood of a bill's adoption were identified and organized into three large groups: institutional, procedural, and substantive. These factors were systematized and arranged into a conceptual model in the form of decision tree, structuring the process of foreign policy decision-making with respect to Russia. Using examples of sanctions bills from the 2010s, the discussion of sanctions bills demonstrates that the immediate topic of containing Russia is not sufficient for Congress; the passage of sanctions bills is only possible when there are conjunctive public, partisan, and private interests. The paper demonstrates how much Congress' foreign policy decisions are influenced by domestic political factors. It is assumed that this model will allow researchers to assess and predict the outcome of the discussion of the foreign policy agenda in Congress not only in relation to Russia, but also in relation to other countries.
Development of ethnic economy of Jewish community in the US in the XX century
Authors: Golubev Danila
Published: December 2023

The socio-economic life of the Jewish community in the US developed throughout the XX century. The proper frame for the analyses is ethnic economy. Its instruments allow to examine it from different perspectives. The growth of resources in the Jewish ethnic economy of the US had positive effect on the business activity of the community and the households’ income. Along with the positive growth the costs of Jewish life’s components grew as well, putting the pressure upon the community members.
Challenges to Transatlantic Cohesion in the Context of US-China competition
Authors: Levchenko Alla
Published: December 2023

The intensification of US-China competition has led the United States to focus on consolidating its position with European allies on China by leveraging its negotiating power. Currently, there are indications of convergence between the US and its European allies on the Chinese threat, as well as practical examples of coordination of approaches in specific areas of interaction. These include joint restrictions on cooperation with Chinese technology companies and the development of export control measures. However, one of the challenges to cohesion may be the different interpretations of the prospects for interaction with China, as well as a shift in the balance of negotiating power among participants
Japan's Influence on US-India Cooperation: Is Asian Solidarity Still in Place?
Authors: Savishcheva Mariia
Published: December 2023

The article raises issues related to the assessment of the US strategy to support the intensification of India-Japan dialog in order to involve India in formats with Washington's key participation. The author concludes that the dialogue, which began to develop in the early 21st century, has by now become imbalanced in India's favor. Politically, the strategy has only partially achieved its goals, mainly due to the peculiarities of India's foreign policy and its interaction with Japan.
Analysis of the distribution and abundance of two species of cat’s claw (Uncaria sp.) based on the knowledge of Tikuna indigenous communities in the southern Colombian Amazon
Authors: Garzón Lina Paola
Published: December 2023

Uncaria guianensis (Aublet) J.F. Gmel and U. tomentosa (Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes) D.C., commonly known as cat’s claw, are species with medicinal and commercial value in the Amazon region. Given the intensive extraction of forest resources for commercialization in the region, the distribution and abundance of these species there should be determined. So far, the environmental and edaphic conditions influencing Uncaria tomentosa growth and density are better known than those of U. guianensis. Besides, cat’s claw species distribution in the Colombian Amazon has not been sufficiently studied. In this context, the present study was conducted in two indigenous Tikuna communities together with local experts to make the botanical identification of the two Uncaria species. Visits were made to register the landscapes and soils where these plants grow. We found that U. guianensis has a higher distribution and abundance in the southern Colombian Amazon than U. tomentosa. Both species grow in flooded alluvial areas with Entisol-type soils and dryland Oxisol-type soils. U. tomentosa grows especially in primary and secondary forest Oxisol soils on drylands. Our findings suggest that none of these two species have a homogeneous distribution in the region, which explains why their use varies from one area to the other.
Ajuste de los modelos de velocidad de transferencia de gases en el embalse tropical andino Porce III
Authors: Bohórquez-Bedoya Eliana , Guevara-Cáceres Jhonier Andrés , Gómez-Giraldo Andrés , León-Hernández Juan Gabriel
Published: December 2023

En los embalses se producen gases de efecto invernadero por la descomposición microbiana de la materia orgánica en los sedimentos o de otros procesos bioquímicos en la columna de agua y la superficie. Estos gases se emiten a la atmósfera por distintas vías. Concretamente los flujos difusivos dependen de la diferencia de concentración entre el agua y la atmósfera y la velocidad de transferencia de los gases (k) controlada por forzantes hidrodinámicos que alteran la turbulencia en la superficie del agua. El forzante más reconocido de control de la k es la velocidad del viento (U). Numerosos modelos empíricos relacionan estas variables, la mayoría basados en embalses situados en altitudes altas y medias, aunque algunos suelen replicarse en distintos ambientes y latitudes, incluso en sistemas tropicales. Aquí medimos directamente los flujos difusivos de metano en el embalse tropical andino Porce III utilizando cámaras flotantes y las concentraciones del gas por cromatografía de gases. La k se estimó a partir de la ley de difusión o primera ley de Fick y la U en una estación meteorológica ubicada sobre la superficie del embalse para verificar la aplicabilidad de los modelos de velocidad de transferencia de gases propuestos en función de la velocidad del viento en un embalse tropical andino. Los resultados revelaron que dichos modelos, propuestos para lagos y embalses, subestimaron la k en el embalse Porce III.