bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods of Sustainable Regulation of Agricultural Enterprises at the Present Stage
Authors: AIMURZINA Baglan , KAMENOVA Mazken , OMAROVA Ainura , BAKYTGUL Ainakanova , AIGUL Kazkenova , NURGUL Shaikenova
Published: January 2019

This article notes that one of the real sectors of the economy contributing to the development of Kazakhstan is agriculture. In this regard one of the priorities of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the accelerated sustainable development of agriculture on the basis of tax methods of regulation of agricultural producers. Taxes are one of the most important economic regulators, the basis of financial and credit mechanism of state regulation of economic sectors including agriculture. It is obvious that the success of economic reform in Kazakhstan depends to a large extent on the directions in which the transformation of the tax system of the country will go, how much the tax policy of the state will meet the requirements of the development of socially important sectors of the economy.

The analysis of the structure of tax revenues from the subjects of sustainable development of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan shows the impact of reducing the tax burden on the income of agricultural producers. Proposals for further improvement of tax regulation are given.
Innovation Policy Developmet Conceptual Framework for National Resource Security Providing
Authors: PROKOPENKO Olha , OMELYANENKO Vitaliy , KLISINSKI Janusz
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the problem of resource security and its providing through the innovation and technological systems development. Also authors have considered international aspect of resource security and its technological providing based on resource & innovation linkages and global value chains (GVCs) factor. In study authors have proposed to consider «resource nationalism» concept as a system of government's efforts, based on national and international factors, to gain greater benefits from available natural resources using innovation development strategy without any detriment to private companies. Resource management were considered within the necessity to follow long-term strategy of resource use, including the context of goals set achieving for several decades or even centuries to come. On example of United States authors have considered resource security policy, which combines international trade and innovation instruments. Authors have considered the basics of systemic strategy of resource security ensuring in globalization context within the national economic security. By analogy with main definitions of any national economic security components authors have distinguished three basic economic components of resource security management system (purposeful economic process, economic actors, environment). The authors have developed the innovation and technological resource security support, based on resource management and technology request processes. Based on dematerialization management aspects and risk types innovation and technological development priorities within the national resource security were proposed.
Approaches to the Formation of a Theoretical Model for the Analysis of Environmental and Economic Development
Authors: HOROBCHENKO Denys , VORONENKO Viacheslav
Published: January 2019

The paper considers the influence of economic development factors on the state of the environment. The subject of the research is the processes of improving the sustainable development (SD). A theoretical model for analysis of environmental and economic development was worked out based on the existing methods and a more comprehensive presentation of information on the parameters of SD. Possibilities of achieving the Environmental Kuznets Curve as the conditions for the SD improvement are determined. A minimum condition to guarantee the nonavailability of deterioration in the SD was determined to overcome the point of maximum pollution. This point describes emissions of pollutants, taking into account the accumulation effect of the pollution, which can be observed from the moment of exceeding of the assimilation potential of the environment. Proposed approaches were applied to the development analysis relative to the environmental component, the case of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Ukraine. Accordingly, Ukraine has a predominantly positive trend towards the SD relative to the environmental component. This trend is partly supported by predominant decrease in specific CO2 emissions per unit of output in the economy. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the concentration of Ukraine's CO2 emissions in the atmosphere, despite the fact that the overall level of emissions has decreased. Therefore, overcoming the tendency of increase in the concentration of pollution requires a significant increase in the environmental effects of economic activities and the coordination of actions on the international level.
Evaluation of the anti-diabetic potential of aqueous extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum L. in vivo in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats
Authors: Pillai Jyothi S , Ratheesh R , Nair K G Padmakumaran , Sanalkumar M G , Thomson Robin J
Published: January 2019

Diabetes Mellitus, the metabolic syndrome where the body either fails to produce or effectively utilize insulin, is associated with chronic morbidity. While a definitive cure for the disease is lacking, with the modern medicine offering mainly the means to control the extent of the disease, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAMs) offers additional/alternate means to tackle the disease. On the other hand, the lack of evidenced medical practices is a lacuna in most of the traditional medical applications. Clerodendrum infortunatum.L (Lamiaceae family), a perennial shrub found in the tropics, has been known for its numerous pharmacological properties and is found as a constituent in many Ayurvedic and Siddha drugs, especially for skin and respiratory ailments. The plant has a noted potential as anti-hyperglycemic and has been found to be used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. However, evidence based evaluations have not been conducted on the anti-hyperglycemic effect of the plant, especially with respect to the general mode of intake, i.e, the aqueous form. In the current study, the aqueous extract of C. infortunatum (CI), was scientifically assessed for its effect on streptozotocin induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats. The diabetic rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. For testing the efficacy of extracts, two groups were intra-orally provided with dosages of 200 mg/Kg and 400 mg/Kg of body weight of animals, respectively, of aqueous extracts of CI. Control groups were maintained for evaluation, which included vehicle control as well as with Glibenclamide, a standard anti-diabetic drug. The extracts at a dose of 400 mg/Kg body weight was found to be associated with significant amelioration of many of the diabetes induced conditions, suggesting that the plant extract could be a strong potential CAM candidate for therapeutic management of diabetes.
Growth and Survival Evaluation of Oreochromis Sp fed Hermetia illucens Larva and Manihot esculenta leaves Meal
Authors: Aini Nur , Nugroho Rudy Agung , Hariani Nova
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted to compare the effects of dietary substitution of fish meal (FM) with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSFM) and Manihot esculenta leaves meal (MEM) on the growth and feed efficiency of Oreochromis sp. Four concentrations viz: P1 (25%): 50g BSFM and 25g MEM, P2 (50%): 100g BSFM and 50g MEM, P3 (75%): 150g BSFM and 75g MEM, P4 (100%): 200g BSFM and 100g MEM were prepared and tested against control without FM replacement. Each diet was fed to three replicates groups of fish at a rate of 5% of body weight two times per day for 30 days. At the end of the trial, growth parameters, Feed conversion rate (FCR), and feed efficiency (FE) were evaluated. The results showed that fish fed dietary substitution of FM with combination ratio of BSFM and MEM higher than 50% significantly improved all growth parameters, FCR and FE. It is therefore suggested that the partial (higher than 50%) or total replacement of fish meal with combination of BSFM and MEM in the diet of Oreochromis sp can be used as fish meal substitution to obtain better growth and feed efficiency.
Effect of Ethanol and IPTG on the Recombinant Jembrana Trans-Activator of Transcriptation Protein Expression
Authors: Indriawati Indriawati , Salfia Mega , Susanti R , Margawati Endang Tri
Published: January 2019

Jembrana diseases are caused by Jembrana Diseases Virus (JDV). The previous study showed that Jembrana Trans-Activator of Trancriptation (JTAT) recombinant protein is effective as a vaccine for Jembrana diseases. The production of JTAT protein needs to be optimized to obtain a higher amount of vaccine. High expression of JTAT protein will produce a high vaccine product. This study aimed to examine the effect of the addition of ethanol and IPTG in E. coli media on the expression of JTAT recombinant protein. This research was experimental research with factorial RAL design with a variation factor of ethanol and IPTG. Qualitatively, the induction of each IPTG, ethanol and interaction between the two could induce the expression of JTAT protein and could be identified with SDS-PAGE at ±11.8 kDa. Statistically, the induction of IPTG, ethanol and interaction between the two were not significantly different. Qualitative and quantitative data show that ethanol can induce JTAT protein expression. This result can be used as a preliminary study to test the effectiveness of ethanol as a substitute for IPTG in inducing the recombinant protein expression.
The Potential of Wild Mango Leaves from Sumatera as the Immunostimulant Agent
Authors: Fitmawati Fitmawati , Juliantari Erwina , Saputra Agus , Sinaga Patar , Roza Rodesia Mustika , Isda Mayta Novaliza
Published: January 2019

Wild Mango from Sumatera is potentially new immunostimulant. It contains mangiferin, which is potentially become the immunostimulant candidate. This study aimed to prove the immunostimulatory effect of wild mango leaves extract on white rat peritoneum fluid induced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The immunostimulatory effect was determined based on the activity and capacity of macrophage phagocytosis. This study used 54 male white rats about 130 g - 290 g. Based on the results,the highest phagocytosis activity of macrophage cells was found in ethanol extract of Mangga Hutan leaves dose 2 with a percentage of phagocytosis activity was 84%. The highest phagocytosis capacity of the macrophage cells was also found in ethanol extract of Mangga Hutan leaves dose 2 with an average phagocytic capacity of 171.67 from 50 active macrophages. Results of this study indicated that wild mango leaves from Sumatera has the potential immunostimulant activity. This indicates that the wild mango have the potential for therapeutic efficacy for the prevention of degenerative diseases caused by immune deficiencies.
Profile of SGPT and SGOT on Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Hyperglycemic After Giving Insulin Leaf Extract (Tithonia diversifolia)
Authors: Yuneldi Rizki Fitrawan , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Yuniwarti Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Published: January 2019

The leaves of insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) are native bush plants from Central America. This plant in Indonesia is often called paitan or kembang bulan. The aim of this research was to know the profile of SGPT and SGOT of male white rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) hyperglycemic after giving insulin leaf extract (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray). This study used 20 male Wistar rats which were divided randomly into 5 groups of treatment. Those were P0 as a group of rats which was not given alloxan and insulin leaf extract, P1 as a group of rats which was given alloxan without insulin leaf extract, P2 as a group of rats which was given alloxan and glibenclamide 2 mg/Body Weight (BW)/day, P3 as a group of rats which was given alloxan and insulin leaf extract 30 mg/BW/day, P4 as a group of rats which was given alloxan and insulin leaf extract 60 mg/BW/day. Each treatment was repeated as many as 4 replications. The results of this study indicated that there was no significant differences in all variables, namely levels of SGPT, SGOT, liver weight, body weight and Hepatosomatic index (HSI), so it can be concluded that giving insulin leaf extract (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) of 30 mg/BW/day and 60 mg/BW/day could improve liver function of hyperglycemic male white rats (R. norvegicus L.).
Más allá del urbanismo situacionista. Acerca de New Babylon de Constant
Authors: Landaeta Mardones Patricio , Arias Krause Juan Ignacio , Candia-Cáceres Alexis
Published: January 2019

La propuesta urbanística del situacionismo constituye una apuesta teórico-práctica enfrentada a la planificación del urbanismo moderno que consolida el “aislamiento colectivo” y la circulación para el consumo como matriz de la vida urbana. Contra ello los situacionistas insisten en la necesidad de apropiarnos, como individuos libres, del condicionamiento que históricamente habría puesto en juego la arquitectura y el urbanismo funcionalista. New Babylon, proyecto de Constant Nieuwenhuys, nos ofrece una síntesis de tales ideas en el diseño de un espacio urbano orientado a la creación colectiva de un “lugar común”.
The Gothic Line of Beauty: Motif and Medieval Aesthetics
Authors: Binski Paul
Published: January 2019

This contribution is concerned with the use and agency of line in Gothic and later art. At the creative height of the Gothic period in England, in the 13th and 14th centuries, curvilinear aesthetics lay at the heart of a number of creative achievements in the figurative arts and architecture. Thought needs to be given to how such linear aesthetics were understood and experienced historically. Starting with the affinity between ‘line words’ and textile manufacture, the paper moves to the idea of the ‘motif’ (or topic) as an originating point of invention. Some motifs or topics enjoyed a long history. One was the linea serpentinata, which here is tracked forwards from Dürer and Lomazzo to Hogarth, and then back to the so-called ‘ogee’ or double-curved S-line in Gothic art. The question of the continuity of gender and moral evaluation of line is finally placed in the wider and more enriching perspective of occasion or contextual understanding and experience.
A retórica do espaço na arquitetura religiosa portuguesa nos séculos XVI a XVIII
Authors: Rocha Manuel Joaquim Moreira da
Published: January 2019

En cada tiempo / lugar la arquitectura al crear espacios desarrolla un lenguaje comunicativo que perdura en el tiempo largo. Por las formas, técnicas constructivas y soluciones artísticas, la arquitectura desarrolla un código concreto que necesita de claves interpretativas para la lectura y entendimiento del objeto en el presente. El espacio sagrado portugués, en los siglos XVI al XVIII, articula los rituales litúrgicos prácticas y contextos histórico-culturales, desarrolla una perorata que sólo se vuelve coherente cuando se lee el objeto completo. La interpretación del espacio / objeto de la historia del arte confiere significado a la narrativa de las formas visuales y expresivas.
Las ruinas de Belchite: crónica, memoria, posmemoria y fantasmagoría
Authors: Benet Vicente J.
Published: January 2019

Las ruinas de Belchite constituyen un lieu de mémoire fundamental de la Guerra civil española. Las imágenes de la villa devastada han sido frecuentes en el cine, las revistas ilustradas, la televisión y las historietas gráficas desde el final de la guerra hasta la actualidad. El presente artículo ofrece un recorrido sobre el modo en que estas imágenes han sido utilizadas en diversos soportes del audiovisual para elaborar discursos memorísticos en diferentes contextos históricos. Para organizar este recorrido se distinguirán tres fases. La primera se refiere a su configuración por la propaganda franquista y republicana en las crónicas inmediatamente posteriores a la batalla. La segunda, a su instauración como lugar de memoria, mostrando las diversas estrategias de lectura de la guerra desde los años 50 hasta la transición democrática. Finalmente, como recurso en algunas elaboraciones posmemorísticas del presente que permiten una lectura actualizada de la guerra.
Procesos transicionales y violencia política: la continuidad de la lucha armada de ETA (1978-1982)
Authors: García de las Heras González Mariano
Published: January 2019

El artículo cuestiona la imagen mitificada del proceso democratizador inaugurado en España tras la experiencia del régimen franquista y subraya el componente de la violencia política desplegada en los escenarios de incertidumbre que presiden los contextos transicionales. La estructura del texto asume una división dual motivada por la reflexión teórica y el estudio analítico de un caso concreto vinculado con el fenómeno del terrorismo. El soporte teórico aporta una caracterización generalizada de los procesos de transición democrática y detalla la manifestación de la violencia política en el marco de la cuestión territorial vasca. En el terreno empírico, el análisis recae en la estrategia prolongada de la lucha armada de ETA en la coyuntura articulada por la aprobación del Estatuto de Autonomía en el año 1979 y profundiza en la valoración de una serie de hipótesis: por un lado, la debilidad representativa de la candidatura de Herri Batasuna frente a la consolidación hegemónica de un nacionalismo moderado; y por otro, la solidez organizativa respaldada por la configuración de una comunidad legitimadora en torno al discurso radicalizado del independentismo vasco.
¿Combate a la corrupción o cambio político? La construcción político-judicial contra el Partido dos Trabalhadores en Brasil
Authors: Pont Vidal Josep Vidal
Published: January 2019

La decisión judicial de encarcelar al ex presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva es la culminación de un largo proceso político y judicial iniciado y fundamentado en el conjunto de investigaciones conocidas como la Operação Lava Jato (Operación túnel de lavado). El detonante ha sido un complejo proceso político que culminó con el empeachment de la Presidente Dilma Rouseff y el nombramiento de su vice-Presidente Michel Temer como Presidente del país en el año 2016. A partir de una hipótesis sustantiva principal sobre la predeterminación del código “no poder”, el objetivo de este trabajo es exponer este proceso en el plano teórico-conceptual el análisis de las comunicaciones en los sistemas político-administrativo y jurídico, y su construcción dirigida contra el Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). Destaca el papel de los medios de comunicación de masas en la construcción de este proceso. El análisis teórico de sistemas autorreferenciales se ilustra documentos procedentes de los procesos de empeachment y de corrupción contra Lula. Como conclusiones formulamos unas hipótesis sobre si este proceso jurídico realmente ha sido un modelo a seguir de combate a la corrupción.
Las minorías lingüísticas y culturales en Italia: el caso de la lengua y de la cultura arbëreschë
Authors: Tardivo Giuliano , Díaz Cano Eduardo
Published: January 2019

Este texto presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre la población y cultura arbëreshë, asentada en el sur de Italia desde el siglo XV y provenientes de la antigua Albania. La metodología de estudio es una triangulación entre la documentación existente, la observación participante, una encuesta y varias entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a directores de museos etnográficos y determinados miembros de la comunidad arbëreshë residentes en los pueblos San Costantino Albanese y Civita, algunos de los más importantes de la Italia arbëreshë. Los resultados demuestran que se trata de una minoría bien integrada en la cultura receptora, que a pesar del tiempo transcurrido desde su llegada y las pocas incorporaciones, la cultura originaria sigue presente especialmente a través de su idioma y, si bien entre los jóvenes el arbëreshë empiece a ser menos utilizado, sigue cumpliendo cierta función social.
La corrupción inarmónica
Authors: Melián Ibiza
Published: January 2019

La presente nota analiza, desde una perspectiva axiológica, por qué los índices de percepción de la corrupción política y administrativa son mayores en el sur que en el norte de Europa. Así como en Latinoamérica, heredera cultural de España y Portugal. La cuestión específica que se investiga es cómo la religión y la filosofía han modelado dos visiones diferentes de entender la esencia humana en el Occidente cristiano. Con especial énfasis en el estudio del caso de España. El método de investigación empleado es cualitativo y parte de un análisis de contenido de multiplicidad de textos ortodoxos, además de otros calificados en su momento de heréticos. Heterodoxia que arranca en el Antiguo Egipto y que tiene como figura principal al faraón Akenatón, el vertebrador del primer monoteísmo. Pensamiento que se desarrolla a partir de la Maat, la armonía que ha de dominar cada acto. Elemento difuminado en la ortodoxia católica, de manera que allí donde se impuso terminó por derivar en una corrupción inarmónica. Cristianismo que se dividió en uno católico, donde lo importante es el colectivo, y otro protestante, en el que prima el individuo. Países protestantes preocupados por preservar la separación de poderes, mientras que los católicos abogaron por el «rey-filósofo».
A kiégés előfordulása és megelőzési lehetőségei ápolók körében
Authors: Czeglédi Edit , Tandari-Kovács Mariann
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Within the health care system, nurses face multiple hazards from the aspect of burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment) development. Burnout has a negative impact on the health and economic status of individuals. Moreover, burnout diminishes compliance, reduces the quality of care, and it influences the prevalence of medical malpractice and complications. Therefore the identification, prevention and treatment of burnout are of public interest. In this study, we present the occurrence of burnout among Hungarian nurses, and we recommend options to prevent the burnout of nurses, focusing especially on the role and possibilities of psychological counselling. All these provide practical aspects and feasibility in preventing and overcoming burnout. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(1): 12–19.
Morphological and molecular identification of Geophagus sveni Lucinda, Lucena & Assis, 2010 (Cichlidae, Cichliformes) from the Paraná river basin, Argentina
Authors: Benitez Mauricio F. , Cerutti Juan C. , Aichino Danilo R. , Baldo Diego
Published: January 2019

During 2015, we collected several specimens of a cichlid tentatively assigned to Geophagus in Yacyretá reservoir in the Paraná river basin (Argentina). By means of morphological and molecular evidence, we identified these specimens as Gephagus sveni, a species known from middle portion of the Tocantins River. Here we report the presence of the genus Geophagus (sensu stricto) in Argentina for the first time.
First record of Plantago heterophylla Nutt. (Plantaginaceae) for the Brazilian flora
Authors: Matzenauer William , Negrini Mateus , S. Jacobi Ubiratã , M. Hefler Sonia
Published: January 2019

We present the first record of Plantago heterophylla Nutt. (Plantaginaceae) to Brazil, based on specimens from Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The species is easily recognized due to its linear leaves, 2 stamens, and pixidium with 10­–30 seeds. Plantago heterophylla is considered native from United States and Mexico, but it is distributed as adventitious in the east of Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Images from the species and a distribution map illustrating its occurrence in the American continent are provided.
Necrotic lower extremities ulcers caused by calciphylaxis in chronic renal failure patient
Authors: Suryawati Nyoman , Saputra Herman
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Lower extremity ulcers often create diagnostic challenges and influence patient morbidity and mortality. The most common causes are venous insufficiency, arterial insufficiency, and neuropathic. Ulcers associated with systemic condition often face diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We report a necrotic lower extremity ulcer caused by calciphylaxis in a patient with chronic renal failure. Case: We reported a 48-year-old Javanese woman, complained of painful lower extremities ulcers since 1.5 months ago. The patient had a history of renal failure and hypertension, undergone routine hemodialysis since 13 years ago, and used Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) since one year ago. Dermatology status on dorsum pedis sinister as well as cruris dexter and sinister showed multiple ulcers on livid skin covered by black eschar, accompanied by tenderness. Laboratory results showed anemia (Hb 7.6), hypoalbuminemia (2.7), increased serum urea level (170.4 mg/dl), increased serum creatinine (11.23 mg/dl), increased calcium (10.4 mg/dl), high inorganic phosphorus (8.5 mg/dl) and high parathyroid hormone (2,164). BOF examination showed abdominal calcification, while radiographic examination on cruris dexter et sinister showed soft tissue calcification and osteoporosis. Histopathology result supported the presence of calciphylaxis. The patient was diagnosed with stage V chronic renal failure, hypertension, and calciphylaxis caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism. She was managed by low calcium and phosphate diet, lanthanum, paracetamol, folic acid, adalat oros, captopril and wound debridement. Conclusion: Calciphylaxis is a rare phenomenon of cutaneous necrosis associated with end-stage renal disease. Control of end-stage renal disease may be an important factor for treatment of calciphylaxis and patient with calciphylaxis usually had a poor prognosis.Keywords: necrotic lower extremity ulcer, chronic renal failure, calciphylaxis
Size Effect on the Strength and Deformation Behavior of Glassy Carbon Nanopillars
Authors: Albiez Almut , Schwaiger Ruth
Published: January 2019

Glassy carbon nanolattices can exhibit very high strength-to-weight ratios as a consequence of their small size and the material properties of the constituent material. Such nanolattices can be fabricated by pyrolysis of polymeric microlattices. To further elucidate the influence of the mechanical size effect of the constituent material, compression tests of glassy carbon nanopillars with varying sizes were performed. Depending on the specific initial polymer material and the nanopillar size, varying mechanical properties were observed. Small nanopillars exhibited elastic-plastic deformation before failure initiation. Moreover, for smaller nanopillars higher strength values were observed than for larger ones, which might be related to smaller defects and a lower defect concentration in the material.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN PSIKOMOTORIK UNTUK PRAKTIKUM KIMIA DASAR
Authors: Saputri Nanda , Adlim Adlim , Inda Rahmayani Ratu Fazlia
Published: January 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengembangan instrumen penilaian psikomotorik untuk praktikum kimia dasar di Lingkungan dan Laboratorium Pendidikan Kimia Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan (FKIP) Unsyiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengetahui respon validator dan uji coba terbatas terhadap instrumen yang dikembangkan. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa instrumen penilaian dalam bentuk rubrik dengan skala 1-4. Penelitian ini terdiri atas tiga tahapan yaitu: 1) perencanaan; 2) pengembangan; dan 3) evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validasi instrumen menunjukkan persentase rerata sebesar 92,86% dengan kategori sangat layak. Sedangkan hasil respon angket dosen pengampu mata kuliah praktikum, asisten laboratorium, dan mahasiswa praktikan mendapatkan tanggapan sangat baik dengan persentase masing-masing sebesar 100%, 100%, dan 99,13%.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPTH ADJUSTMENT METHODS ON MAIZE YIELD COMPONENTS, GRAIN YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY
Authors: Chechi Leonardo , Kuhn Luan Junior , Fortuna Vanderléia , De Almeida Patricia Mara , Scariot Maurício Albertoni , Camerini Nerandi Luiz , Piazzetta Hugo Von Linsingen
Published: January 2019

As the water stress is one of the main causes for the low maize yield in Brazil, this study aimed to evaluate the yield components, grain yield and the water use efficiency of maize crop submitted to different methods of irrigation depth adjustment and validate the “Lâmina” spreadsheet to recommend irrigation depth in this crop. The treatments applied were: non-use of irrigation (control); irrigation depth adjustment provided by” Lâmina” spreadsheet (Lâmina); soil moisture equivalent to actual capacity of water in the soil at 55% of the total soil water capacity (55% RWC); and soil moisture equivalent to 100% of the field capacity (100% FC). The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications, each experimental unit consists of a plot 3 meters wide and 3 meters long. The variables analyzed were total water applied, dry matter, ears per plant, kernel rows per ear, kernels per row, kernels per ear, one thousand kernels weight, grain yield and water use efficiency. Grain yields were similar between irrigated treatments, showing significant differences compared to the control. The Lâmina and 55% RWC showed the best results for water use efficiency and yield components. The Lâmina treatment used the least amount of water, with high yields, contributing to the rational water use in irrigated agricultural systems.
ANÁLISE DE COMPONENTES PRINCIPAIS APLICADA À DESINFECÇÃO SOLAR DE ÁGUAS CINZA PARA FINS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NO SEMIÁRIDO POTIGUAR
Authors: Cavalcante Fernanda Lima , Bezerra Joel Medeiros , Batista Rafael Oliveira , Silva Ketson Bruno da , Mendes Hérick Claudino
Published: January 2019

A elevada incidência de doenças de veiculação hídrica é atribuída à inadequação dos sistemas de esgotamento sanitário nas áreas rurais do semiárido brasileiro. O uso da radiação solar é uma alternativa na desinfecção de águas residuárias para fins de aproveitamento agrícola, sendo de baixo custo, fácil operação e que não gera subprodutos carcinogênicos oriundos da cloração. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho tem a finalidade de identificar as variáveis determinantes no processo de desinfecção solar em águas cinza no semiárido potiguar. A estação de tratamento de águas cinza é composta por tanque séptico, filtro anaeróbio e reator solar. Os ensaios experimentais foram realizados no período de julho a dezembro de 2015, com frequência mensal e empregou-se às técnicas de estatística descritiva e multivariada. No reator solar foram mantidas lâminas de águas cinza de 0,1 m, que ficaram expostas à radiação solar durante período entre 8:00 às 16:00 h, e coletadas alíquotas a cada duas horas. As amostras coletadas foram submetidas às análises de pH, oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura, condutividade elétrica, sólidos suspensos totais, turbidez, coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes e ovos de helmintos. Paralelamente, foram monitoradas, também, a temperatura do ar e radiação solar global. Pelo emprego da Análise de Componentes Principais, foi identificado um modelo de melhor ajuste composto por três componentes, explicando 79,46% da variância total. Sendo a primeira componente microbiológica, a segunda climática e a terceira componente, relacionada aos sais. O nível populacional médio de E.coli após 8 horas de exposição solar foi de 2,16E+03 tornando possível apenas o reúso restrito. Em relação às análises de ovos de helmintos, cabe salientar que não foram observados ovos em nenhuma das amostras de águas cinza bruta como, também, nas amostras de águas cinza após tratamento solar.
Nasoethmoidal Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma Treated with Cetuximab: Role of Liquid Biopsy and BEAMing in Predicting Response to Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Therapy
Authors: Cabezas-Camarero Santiago , de la Orden García Virginia , García-Barberán Vanesa , Mediero-Valeros Beatriz , Subhi-Issa Ahmad Issa , Llovet García Patricia , Bando-Polaino Inmaculada , Merino Menéndez Salomé , Pérez-Segura Pedro , Díaz-Rubio Eduardo
Published: January 2019

Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinomas (SNS-ITAC) are very rare tumors that resemble colorectal cancer in many of their pathological and molecular characteristics. Indeed, in most published series, 10%–14% of SNS-ITAC harbor mutations in KRAS. There is no standard systemic treatment in recurrent or metastatic SNS-ITAC, and there is no evidence of the use of any targeted agent in this entity. We present the case of a recurrent nasoethmoidal ITAC informed as RAS and BRAF wild-type by standard real-time polymerase chain reaction methods and treated with first-line cetuximab and irinotecan without response. Circulating tumor cells coupled to highly sensitive DNA analyses unveiled a mutation in KRAS exon 2 codon 12. Subsequent studies in the primary tumor using BEAMing detected a mutation in the same codon, confirming the KRAS mutated status of the tumor, and possibly explaining the absence of treatment response. This case exemplifies how liquid biopsy can aid in the correct and real-time molecular characterization of tumors even in a rare nonmetastatic cancer of the head and neck.

Key Points

Sinonasal intestinal type adenocarcinomas (SNS-ITAC) are rare tumors that commonly develop after a prolonged exposure to organic dusts (wood, leather, etc.), and that resemble colorectal cancer in some of their morphological and molecular characteristics. KRAS mutations have been described in 10%–14% in most series. However, its predictive value for guiding treatment decisions with targeted therapies (i.e., anti-epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] therapy) has not been defined. The first case of an SNS-ITAC treated with anti-EGFR therapy (cetuximab) is reported. Analysis of DNA from circulating tumor cells (CTCs) unveiled a mutation in KRAS not detected by standard methods in the primary tumor. However, RAS analysis using BEAMing detected a mutation in the primary tumor in the same codon of KRAS originally detected in CTCs, altogether possibly explaining the lack of treatment response. Liquid biopsy may allow for an accurate molecular diagnosis in rare, organ-confined tumors where few therapeutic options exist. Highly sensitive molecular diagnostics may aid in better characterizing rare entities harboring potentially druggable targets.
Phase II Study of Weekly Paclitaxel with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in Patients with Human Epidermal Growth Receptor 2 Overexpressing Metastatic Breast Cancer: 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Wang Rui , Smyth Lillian M. , Iyengar Neil , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Modi Shanu , Jochelson Maxine , Patil Sujata , Norton Larry , Hudis Clifford A. , Dang Chau T.
Published: January 2019

Background

Favorable progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) results were previously reported on a phase II trial of patients with human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), treated with weekly paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab and pertuzumab in the first- and second-line setting, with a median follow-up of 33 months. Here, we report updated PFS and OS results with more than 2 years of additional follow-up.

Materials and Methods

In this phase II study, adult patients with HER2-positive MBC who received no or one prior therapy received intravenous paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 weekly) with trastuzumab (8 mg/kg loading dose followed by 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks) and pertuzumab (840 mg loading dose followed by 420 mg every 3 weeks), administered in 21-day cycles. Primary endpoint was 6-month PFS, and secondary endpoints included median PFS and OS.

Results

From January 2011 to December 2013, 69 patients were enrolled: 51 (74%) and 18 (26%) were treated in first- and second-line metastatic settings, respectively. As of August 21, 2017, the median follow-up was 59 months (range, 20–75 months; 67 [97%] patients were evaluable for efficacy). The 6-month PFS was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76–0.93). The median PFS was 24.2 months (95% CI 17–35) for the overall population; it was 25.7 months (95% CI 17.0 to not reached) and 20.1 months (95% CI 8.5–33.0) for patients with no and one prior treatment, respectively. The median OS was not reached for the overall group; it was not reached and 39.7 months (95% CI 32.9–66.7) for patients with no and one prior treatment, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated with no additional safety concerns.

Conclusion

With a longer follow-up of almost 5 years, combination of weekly paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab remains effective with a favorable median PFS and a median OS not reached.
A microfluidic chip and its use in characterising the particle-scale behaviour of microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP)
Authors: Wang Yuze , Soga Kenichi , Dejong Jason T. , Kabla Alexandre J.
Published: January 2019

Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is an innovative ground improvement technique which can enhance the strength and stiffness of soils and can also control their hydraulic conductivity. These engineering properties of MICP-treated soils are affected by the particle-scale behaviour of the precipitated calcium carbonate – namely, the composition, amount and distribution, which are controlled by the MICP process occurring at the particle scale. In this study, a microfluidic chip was designed and fabricated to improve understanding of MICP at the particle scale by observing the behaviour of bacteria and calcium carbonate crystals during this process. It was found that bacteria became evenly distributed throughout the microfluidic chip after the injection of bacterial suspension, grew during bacterial settling and detached during the injection of cementation solution. Bacteria aggregated during the cementation solution injection, and calcium carbonate crystals formed at narrow pore throats or open pore bodies either during or after the cementation solution injections.
Sustainability of high-speed rail: a comparative study
Authors: Watson Inara , Ali Amer , Bayyati Ali
Published: January 2019

High-speed railways can move passengers and goods cost-effectively and sustainably. However, there is a need to consider the objectives of high-speed rail (HSR) systems and to analyse eventual public benefits in order to minimise economic risk. Currently, there are three major HSR systems in development around the world – Rail Baltica in northern Europe, California High-Speed Rail (CAHSR) in the USA and High Speed Two (HS2) in the UK. In this paper, the benefits of investment in these three projects are investigated and possible consequences and expected outcomes are evaluated. The key influencing factors of HSR sustainability are considered, such as changes in population, population density, ability to pay, the type of energy used and existing railway networks. Data envelopment analysis was used to evaluate the ‘technical efficiency’ of the selected schemes. This type of analysis has been widely used before to benchmark performance and determine best practice. The expected outcome of this research is better understanding of the demand for railway services and of the economic, social and environmental aspects of the sustainability of Rail Baltica, CAHSR and HS2.
Nakşibendîlik’in Anadolu’da Ortaya Çıkışının Belgesi: Şeyh Hâce İshak er-Rumî Vakfiyesi / A Document for Naqshibandi Emergence in Anatolia: The Waqfiyya of Sheikh Hâce İshak er-Rumî
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Hasan
Published: January 2019

Nakşibendîlik, 14. yüzyılda Orta Asya’da, Bahâeddin Nakşibend tarafından kurulduğu kabul edilen tasavvuf akımıdır. Bu tasavvuf hareketi, zamanla Hindistan, Kafkaslar, Orta Doğu, Anadolu ve akabinde Balkanlar olmak üzere geniş bir sahaya yayılarak günümüze kadar ulaşmıştır. Özellikle 15. ve 16. yüzyıllardan itibaren İslam dünyasının fikrî yapısının şekillenmesinde büyük bir etkiye sahip olan Nakşibendîlik’in Anadolu’ya girişinin ve yaygınlaşmasının Osmanlı döneminde 15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Simavlı Molla Abdullah-ı İlahi vasıtasıyla olduğu ilim çevrelerince kabul görmektedir. Kimi çalışmalarda ise Nakşibendîlik’in Anadolu’ya girişi Ankara Savaşı sırasında Emir Timur’un ordusunda bulunan Nakşî şeyhleri ile irtibatlandırıldığı görülmekte ve Nakşibendîlik’in Anadolu’da ilk tekkesinin Bedreddin Mahmud Çelebi tarafından 1404-1405 yılında Amasya'da kurulduğu öne sürülmektedir. Bu makalede, Nakşibendîlik tarihi bakımından önemli muhtevaya sahip olduğunu düşündüğümüz 1381 tarihli Şeyh Hâce İshak er-Rumî vakfiyesi konu edilmektedir. İki bölümden oluşan makalenin ilk bölümünde Saruhanoğluları Beyliği dönemine ait olup daha önce neşredilmemiş olan Şeyh Hâce İshak er-Rumî vakfiyesi diplomatik açıdan değerlendirmeye tabi tutulacaktır. İkinci bölümde ise, makale sınırları da göz önünde bulundurularak, mevcut literatürde Nakşibendîlik tarihi açısından genel kabul halini almış olan Nakşibendîlik’in isimlendirilmesi, Anadolu’da ortaya çıkışı ve kurumsallaşması gibi üç temel konu hakkında Şeyh İshak er-Rumî vakfiyesinin sunmuş olduğu veriler ışığında yeni tespitler ortaya konulacaktır.
Adıyaman Şeyh Abdurrahman Erzincanî Zaviyesi Vakfı / Waqf of Adıyaman Sheikh Abdurrahman Erzincani Zawiyah
Authors: TURGUT Bahattin
Published: January 2019

Şeyh Abdurrahman Erzincanî, zaviyesini 15. yüzyılda Adıyaman’ın Zey köyünde kurmuştur. Vakfın temelini hükümdarlar ve hayırseverler tarafından zaviyeye bağışlanan araziler oluşturmuştur. Şeyh Abdurrahman Erzincanî Zaviyesi Vakfı, soya dayalı bir aile vakfı olduğundan vakfın ve zaviyenin yöneticiliği ile ilgili görevlerden şeyhlik, mütevellilik, zaviyedarlık ve mezraadarlık Osmanlı’nın sonuna kadar Şeyh Abdurrahman Erzincanî evlatlarınca yürütülmüştür. İki camisi ile birlikte zaviyesi, sıbyan mektebi, medresesi ve aşevi ile Şeyh Abdurrahman Erzincanî Zaviyesi vakfı, Adıyaman ve çevresinde topluma yönelik önemli hizmetler gerçekleştirmiştir. Vakfın mülklerinden elde edilen gelir, vakfa bağlı hayrî kurumların idaresine, idamesine, masraflarına ve personel maaşlarına harcanmıştır. Şeyh Abdurrahman Erzincanî Zaviyesi vakfı, kurulmasından Osmanlı Devleti’nin sonuna kadar topluma hizmet veren, devlete destek olan ve devletten destek gören bir sivil toplum kuruluşu olmuştur.
Prática da liberdade e ação libertadora: a arte de educar em Paulo Freire
Authors: Agostini Nilo
Published: January 2019

O presente estudo investiga a arte de educar em Paulo Freire a partir das suas publicações Educação como prática da liberdade, Pedagogia do Oprimido e Conscientização: Teoria e prática da libertação, alicerces de seu pensamento, igualmente tendo em conta estudos sobre a sua obra e outros escritos seus. O analfabetismo desafia-o a buscar uma nova pedagogia, em meio a receituários tradicionais. Ele abre caminhos para a educação ora como prática da liberdade, ora como ação libertadora. Eixo central de suas concepções, a conscientização apresenta-se, por sua vez, como práxis, processo de ação e reflexão da mulher e do homem na história, no despertar de sua consciência crítica, na afirmação humana como sujeitos comprometidos com a transformação desta mesma história.
A práxis histórica de Paulo Freire como fundamentação para as pesquisas sobre formação de educadores
Authors: Paula Lucimara Cristina de , Mello Roseli Rodrigues de
Published: January 2019

Nesta pesquisa, buscamos desvelar os processos de constituição de dois formadores de professores, que atuam em programas de educação continuada efetivados pela SEE/SP, utilizando a práxis histórica freireana como fundamento teórico-metodológico. Realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas para a coleta das histórias de vida, analisamos os dados por meio dos pressupostos da Metodologia comunicativo-crítica e da teoria freireana e dialogamos com cada formador sobre as análises e resultados. A pesquisa indicou que os formadores se constituem nas relações sujeito-sujeito, sujeito-objeto e sujeito-objeto-sujeito que estabelecem mediante as condições históricas de vida, de escolarização, de trabalho, de classe social, que lhe propiciam aprendizagens, reflexões e o enfrentamento das situações que os condicionam e oprimem, causando acomodações ou rupturas, provocando estranhamentos ou satisfações, num constante movimento dialético de fazer e refazer, fazer-se e refazer-se.
Significados e sentidos de uma professora de educação básica sobre a formação docente: desvelando processos constitutivos a partir dos núcleos de significação
Authors: Falcão Giovana Maria Belém
Published: January 2019

Ser professor é processo que se constitui ao longo de um tempo, acontecendo de modo permanente. Este escrito objetiva discutir significados e sentidos do processo formativo de uma professora da Educação Básica participante do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID). Recorte de uma investigação mais ampla sobre o tema (FALCÃO, 2017), o estudo busca apoio teórico na Psicologia Sócio-Histórica de Vigotski e em autores como Nóvoa, Gatti e Garcia . A investigação, de natureza qualitativa, realizou a análise dos dados por meio dos núcleos de significação. A análise desvelou aspectos importantes sobre o processo formativo da entrevistada, revelando muito sobre a professora que hoje é, e para além do âmbito individual permitiu entender diversos aspectos da formação docente no Brasil, denunciando fragilidades, limites e permitindo vislumbrar possibilidades concretas de formação que promovam o desenvolvimento dos professores em seu sentido mais amplo.
Debate acadêmico em torno do Sistema de Avaliação de Rendimento Escolar do Estado de São Paulo (SARESP)
Authors: Hojas Viviani Fernanda , Barreiro Iraíde Marques de Freitas
Published: January 2019

Neste artigo apresentamos uma revisão sistemática de pesquisa desenvolvida com base em dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado que tiveram como foco de estudo o Sistema de Avaliação de Rendimento Escolar do Estado de São Paulo (SARESP). A localização dessas produções acadêmicas foi feita mediante consulta aos bancos digitais dos principais Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação das universidades paulistas. A revisão sistemática incluiu um total de dezoito pesquisas, que foram lidas na íntegra com o objetivo de apreender as principais discussões acadêmicas suscitadas com a introdução e realização do SARESP nas escolas. Para a maioria dos autores dos trabalhos acadêmicos analisados, se forem corrigidas as deficiências no desenvolvimento do sistema de avaliação paulista e se os seus resultados forem devidamente utilizados, essa avaliação pode se constituir em um instrumento desencadeador de melhorias na qualidade do ensino oferecido nas escolas.
A poesia: estratégias para experimentar e fruir em sala de aula
Authors: Koscianski da Silveira Rosilene De Fátima , Debus Eliane Santana Dias , Fraga de Azevedo Fernando José
Published: January 2019

A poesia é intrínseca ao homem. Na sua origem histórica, o termo poesia provém da palavra grega poiein, que significa fazer. Desde uma idade precoce a criança manifesta um fascínio pelos jogos de linguagem e pela sua vertente sonora e rítmica. Quanto mais cedo meninos e meninas encontram-se e interagem com essa forma de linguagem, maiores são o grau de familiaridade e as possibilidades de se estabelecer uma relação prazerosa e fecunda entre ambos. O papel da escola consiste em promover e potencializar o encontro “poesia e criança”. O presente texto objetiva, de modo geral, ampliar a reflexão acerca da presença da poesia na escola; e, especificamente, dialogar sobre as estratégias que possibilitam experimentar e fruir a poesia no chão da sala de aula, partindo da interlocução com diferentes pesquisadores da temática. Esse estudo vai também à escola, no contexto português, para estabelecer um diálogo com os docentes que atuam nos anos iniciais do Ensino Básico sobre: o modo de inserção da poesia neste espaço-tempo; a frequência com que o texto poético transita na sala de aula; e, principalmente, para buscar destes mediadores o compartilhamento de suas experiências reais de trabalho com o texto poético. Destacamos a relevância de as estratégias de trabalho com o texto poético se tornarem presentes na formação inicial e continuada dos professores. Nossa reflexão aponta num sentido propositivo, buscando enfatizar as estratégias que possibilitam experimentar, fruir e criar poesia no chão da sala de aula e cujo trato empírico leva em conta os aspectos estético, linguístico e literário que consubstanciam esta forma de linguagem.