bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Pilot Study to Compare the Effectiveness of a Low FODMAP Diet vs Psyllium in Patients With Fecal Incontinence and Loose Stools
Authors: Menees Stacy B. , Jackson Kenya , Baker Jason R. , Fenner Dee E. , Eswaran Shanti , Nojkov Borko , Saad Richard , Lee Allen A. , Chey William D.
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol diet (LFD) vs psyllium on the frequency and severity of fecal incontinence (FI) episodes in patients with loose stools.

METHODS:

This was a single-center, randomized pilot trial of adult patients with FI (Rome III) with at least 1 weekly FI episode associated with loose stool. Eligible patients were randomized to 4 weeks of either a dietitian-led LFD or 6 g/d psyllium treatment.

RESULTS:

Forty-three subjects were randomized from October 2014 to May 2019. Thirty-seven patients completed the study (19 LFD and 18 psyllium). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of treatment responders (>50% reduction in FI episodes compared with baseline) for treatment weeks 1–4 (LFD 38.9%, psyllium 50%, P = .33). Compared with baseline, mean fecal incontinence severity index score significantly improved with LFD (39.4 vs 32.6, P = .02) but not with psyllium (35.4 vs 32.1, P = .29). Compared with baseline values, the LFD group reported improvements in fecal incontinence quality of life coping/behavior, depression/self-perception, and embarrassment subscales. The psyllium group reported improvement in incontinence quality of life coping/behavior.

DISCUSSION:

In this pilot study, there was no difference in the proportion of patients who reported a 50% reduction of FI episodes with the LFD or psyllium. Subjects in the psyllium group reported a greater reduction in overall FI episodes, whereas the LFD group reported consistent improvements in FI severity and quality of life. Further work to understand these apparently discrepant results are warranted but the LFD and psyllium seem to provide viable treatment options for patients with FI and loose stools.
Dampak Spasial Komunitas Berpagar terhadap Kawasan Perkotaan Mamminasata
Authors: Indradjati Petrus Natalivan , Ramli Pratiwi
Published: January 2022

Kajian dampak komunitas berpagar di Indonesia seringkali fokus pada aspek sosial. Sementara dampak spasial yang berkontribusi pada perubahan struktur dan pola ruang masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak spasial dari aspek transformasi spasial, fragmentasi spasial, serta perubahan infrastruktur, fasilitas dan layanan akibat perkembangan komunitas berpagar di Kawasan Perkotaan Mamminasata. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-explanatori dengan pendekatan evaluasi semu pada 392 komunitas berpagar yang teridentifikasi di Kawasan Perkotaan Mamminasata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan komunitas berpagar menyebabkan terjadinya transformasi spasial karena mendorong perkembangan fisik yang menyebar, tidak berpola, tidak teratur serta mendorong perubahan guna lahan yang signifikan. Fragmentasi ruang terjadi di lapangan karena mayoritas komunitas berpagar di kelilingi pagar/tembok serta memiliki akses terkontrol, namun pelarangan penggunaan fasilitas publik di dalam komunitas berpagar tidak terjadi. Dari aspek infrastruktur, keberadaan komunitas berpagar tidak selalu menyebabkan kualitas infrastruktur lingkungan di sekitarnya lebih baik dari sebelumnya.
Pemetaan Komoditas Basis di Kecamatan Polongbangkeng Utara Kabupaten Takalar
Authors: Anshar Muhammad , Siradjuddin Irsyadi
Published: January 2022

The policy for commodity development in Polongbakeng Utara District has not been able to optimize its natural resource potential. One of the efforts to optimize this potential is the identification of food crops basis commodities by potential mapping in each village in Polongbangkeng Utara District. This study aims to identify the food crops commodity which is a basis commodity and to make the basis commodities mapping in Polongbangkeng Utara District. The analytical method used is LQ analysis and Ar-GIS mapping. The results showed that the food crops commodities which were the basis commodities in Polongbangkeng Utara District were rice, corn, green beans, cassava and sweet potatoes. Palleko is a village that has the most basis commodities with 4 basis commodities, namely rice, green beans, cassava and sweet potato. Rice and sweet potato commodities are the most basis commodities because they are the basis for 12 villages out of 18 villages in Polongbangkeng Utara district. Base commodity mapping was carried out on 5 food crop commodities. Mapping results show that there are more non-basis commodity polygons (50 polygons) than basis commodity polygons (40 polygons).
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Output Sektor Industri Pengolahan di Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Raharjo Selviana , Budiman Dedi , Sahara Sahara
Published: January 2022

Industrial manufacturing sektor has the biggest contribution to regional economic development of Central Java Province but in the last few years the output of industrial sector experienced a slowing down growth. This industrial manufacturing sector is influenced by many variables. This study identified the effect of macroeconomic variables on industrial manufacturing sector performance in Central Java Province. Macroeconomic variables used in this study were export, import, domestic investment, foreign direct investment, province minimum wage, labour, road and electricity infrastructure, inflation and dummy regional outonom. The methods used to analyze this study were vector error correction model (VECM). A forecast error variance decomposotion (FEVD) test also were used to show the contributions of each macroeconomic variables to the output of manufacture sector. The result of VECM equation shows that in the long-term both domestic investment (PMDN) and foreign investment (PMA) significantly influenced industrial manufacture output. Meanwhile FEVD test shows export, output growth, foreign investment and labour has the bigest composition on explaining manufacturing fluctuations in long-term.
Kullback-Leibler Divergence of Mixture Autoregressive Random Processes via Extreme-Value-Distributions (EVDs) Noise with Application of the Processes to Climate Change
Authors: Olanrewaju Rasaki Olawale , Waititu Anthony Gichuhi
Published: January 2022

This paper designs inter-switch autoregressive random processes in a mixture manner with Extreme-Value-Distributions (EVDs) random noises to give EVDs-MAR model. The EVDs-MAR model comprises of Fréchet, Gumbel, and Weibull distributional error terms to form FMA, GMA, and WMA models with their embedded inter-switching transitional weights (wk) , distributional parameters, and autoregressive coefficients . The Kullback-Leibler divergence was used to measure the proximity (D) between finite/ delimited mixture density  and infinite mixture density of the EVDs-MAR model with Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm adopted as the parameter estimation technique for the extreme mixture model. The FMA, GMA, and WMA models were subjected to monthly temperature in Celsius (oC) from 1900 to 2020 and annual rainfall in Millimeter (mm) from 1960 to 2020 datasets in Nigeria context.
The Genius of Bureaucracy: SOM’s Hajj Terminal and Geiger Berger Associates’ Form-Finding Software
Authors: Allen Matthew
Published: January 2022

Through a reconstruction of the murky process involved in the design of the Hajj Terminal at the King Abdulaziz International Airport in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, Matthew Allen examines how computational expertise negotiated a new role for itself within the hierarchy of late twentieth-century corporate architecture. In The Genius of Bureaucracy: SOM’s Hajj Terminal and Geiger Berger Associates’ Form-Finding Software he explores how Henry-Russell Hitchcock’s rubric of “the architecture of genius and the architecture of bureaucracy” played out in a situation where the two ideals converged. Unusual among other large corporate firms, SOM not only invested in computation early on but also leveraged computer-generated images to promote its practice. Examination of SOM’s printouts from the Hajj Terminal project reveals the pervasive presence of the lower ranks of the corporate hierarchy—particularly the engineering subconsultants Geiger Berger Associates, who developed unique software for engineering tensile structures. In this contest between decisive SOM designers such as Gordon Bunshaft and Fazlur Khan and engineering paperwork, a new understanding of “the computer” emerged that congealed around the concept of form-finding, or “smart” digital modeling.
Game Music as a Boundary Object
Authors: Redecker Björn
Published: January 2022

This article aims to explore the possibility of applying the term boundary object to game music. This term was coined by Susan Leigh Star and James R. Griesemer in their 1989 article “Institutional Ecology, ‘Translations’ and Boundary Objects” and later used fruitfully in the context of game studies by Christine Hanke in 2008. The article briefly explains what Star and Griesemer meant when they created the term and how it might be applicable to the objects of media studies (i.e., digital games). The main argument of this article is that the concepts of a boundary object as a thought pattern and of game music as a key component of digital games share similar traits, and so the concept of the former can be valuable when thinking about and studying the latter. To support this proposition, this article presents a short analysis of the game music of Inside (Playdead, 2016) to illustrate how and why it might be beneficial to view game music as a boundary object. Such a perspective sheds light on the complex relationship between sound effects and music in digital games.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Outbreak, Potential Vaccines And Medications
Authors: Bhat Rauf , Soliman Sameh S.M. , El-Sayed Ahmed Magdy M , Husseiny Mohamed I.
Published: January 2022

The outbreak of the current global pandemic caused by the spread of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed an unprecedented threat to global health and economy across the whole world. As of today, the number of cases diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 is exceeding 271 million with over 5.32 million deaths globally. Despite the high throughput technology and considerable advances in sciences, the outbreaks of the COVID-19 pandemic present a colossal challenge to scientific community. Scientists and clinicians all over the world are putting tremendous efforts to develop effective treatments to combat this deadly pathogen, at least to contain it momentarily until an adequate treatment regimen is available. Conventionally, vaccines have been developed as one of the therapeutic strategies to restrict infectious diseases. Although several vaccines are in the pipeline, evaluation of efficacy in animals’ studies and human are time-consuming. On the other hand, several drugs already in clinical use are being employed to test their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. Some of these drugs have been already used as anti-viral drugs and others have been used for different therapeutic purposes. In this review, we summarize the ongoing efforts to control the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 and highlight the potential prophylactic and therapeutic measures including the recently developed vaccines in the foreseeable future. Moreover, we emphasize an importance of having a customized strategy that can be easily and quickly employed to overcome possible future outbreaks.
Uncontrolled Asthma Determinants In Overweight And Obese Adults
Authors: Kupaev Vitaly I. , Sazonova Olga V. , Nurdina Maria S. , Borodina Lyubov M. , Gavryushin Mikhail Yu. , Gorbachev Dmitry O.
Published: January 2022

Relevance of the research — epidemiological and clinical studies in recent years confirmed the existence of a bronchial asthma (BA) phenotype associated with obesity. In the current literature, obesity is considered a possible risk factor for the development of BA. Nonetheless, the factors contributing to the uncontrolled course of BA among overweight patients need to be elucidated. The need for a personalized approach to patient management is reflected in the latest edition of the international consensus document on the asthma treatment – GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma: Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention). Despite substantial number of epidemiological studies on the prevalence of BA in obese patients, the threshold values of major risk factors for the development of uncontrolled BA (vitamin D, IL-17, IL-10, BMI; intake of total fat, carbohydrates and cholesterol) remain unclear. Objective: to identify the risk of developing an uncontrolled course of BA depending on the levels of IL-17, IL-10 and vitamin D; dietary characteristics (intake of total fat, cholesterol and carbohydrates); and body mass index (BMI). Material and methods — The study involved 79 patients with an established diagnosis of BA, 18-69 years old. Patients were split among three groups according to their BMI values. Group I included 27 patients with normal body weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), 56 (42-61) years of age. Group II comprised 28 overweight patients (BMI: 25-30 kg/m2), 57 (50.5-63.5) years of age; Group III encompassed 24 obese patients (BMI≥30 kg/m2), 58 (54-65) years of age. Results — the risk of developing uncontrolled BA increased by 1.8 times with increase of a total fat intake (95% CI: 1.28-2.72; p=0.001); by 5.7 times with BMI>26.7 kg/m2 (95% CI:2.05-15.92; p<0.001); by 5.2 times with IL-17 level >83.5 pg/mL (95% CI:1.71-15.8; p=0.003); by 8.32 times with vitamin D content <24.5 ng/mL (95% CI: 2.9-23.72; p<0.001). Conclusion — patients with BMI>26.7 kg/m2, vitamin D deficiency (i.e., vitamin D content <24.5 ng/mL), IL-17 content >83.5 pg/mL, as well as excessive consumption of total fat, carbohydrates and cholesterol, could be attributed to the risk group for developing an uncontrolled BA.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Of Layered Silicate Materials
Authors: Shpagina Madina Kh. , Dugarov Umalat I. , Khashirova Seda S. , Vindizheva Amina S. , Barokova Elena B. , Tlapshokova Larisa B. , Khashirova Svetlana Yu. , Kharaeva Zaira F.
Published: January 2022

Objective — to assess the presence of a direct antimicrobial effect of natural minerals (ammonite; montmorillonite of the Azerbaijani deposit; calcium montmorillonite, or light clay, and sodium montmorillonite, or dark clay, of the Gerpegezh deposit in Kabardino-Balkaria; serpentinite) against strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and yeast-like Candida fungi. Material and Methods — The antimicrobial activity was investigated by qualitative and quantitative methods; the methods of X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to assess the chemical composition of samples of natural minerals. The results were statistically processed. Results — We established that ammonite, montmorillonite of Azerbaijani origin and serpentinite did not have a direct antimicrobial effect against the studied cultures of bacteria and fungi (S. aureus, E. coli, Candida albicans). The growth of S. aureus was suppressed by calcium and sodium montmorillonite from the Gerpegezh deposit. Sodium montmorillonite had the strongest antibacterial effect, and its dose-dependent effect was revealed. According to the data of X-ray fluorescence analysis, in the structure of, trivalent iron and oxides of manganese and titanium predominated in the samples of dark Gerpegezh clay with a more pronounced anti-staphylococcal effect. Conclusion — Our study demonstrated the possibilities and limitations of using various samples of layered silicate minerals for antibacterial solutions. The spectrum of antimicrobial activity largely depends on the unique composition of mineral complexes. Samples with a high content of iron(III) can be considered promising in the development of natural antimicrobial preparations.
Establishment of Saratov orthopedic school: The background and leading scientists
Authors: Grishin Sergey E. , Fedonnikov Alexander S. , Ulyanov Vladimir Yu.
Published: January 2022

The article elucidates the establishment of Saratov orthopedic school, along with contributions of the most prominent Saratov scientists and practitioners in the field, Sergey Mirotvotsev, Leonid Deryabin, Alexander Eletsky and Alexey Demidov.
Water Quality Index of Well Water in the Converted Agricultural Land
Authors: Prabowo R. , Bambang A. N. , Sudarno S.
Published: January 2022

The groundwater condition at converted agricultural land has decreased water quality because of previous agricultural processes, so the water quality index is essential to know. This study aims to measure the groundwater quality index in residential wells on the converted agricultural land, determine the dominant parameters that form the Water Quality Index (WQI) in dug wells and drilled wells on the converted agricultural land, and determine the effect depth and age of wells on WQI. The research design was descriptive exploratory with WQI as the dependent variable and the depth and age of the well as the independent variable. With purposive sampling, 32 points of dug and drilled wells in different locations were chosen. Multiple linear regression was applied for data analysis. From the findings, it can be concluded that the minimum WQI value in dug well water is 76.9, and the average maximum WQI value in dug well water is 92.3. There are 8 points in dug well water with WQI in a good category or quality-2 category (71-90), and 15 dug well points have WQI in a very good quality category or quality-1 category (91-100). This value indicates that the dug well water quality in the research location is still classified as eligible for consumption. The dominant parameters that form WQI values in dug and drilled wells are manganese, cadmium, iron, with a value of -0.918 -0.886 -0.790. The depth and age of the well affect the water quality index. The depth of the well has a stronger effect on the water quality index than the age of the well.
Retorno à ética das virtudes segundo Alasdair Macintyre
Authors: Guerra Jacson Alexssandro
Published: January 2022

Para Alasdair MacIntyre, a solução para uma crise ética que a sociedade atual vem vivendo deu-se quando a ética das virtudes fora abandonada. MacIntyre apresenta uma retomada da concepção de uma ética que pressupõe a prática de atos virtuosos, o meio termo de Aristóteles, para que alguém possa se tornar uma pessoa melhor. Neste artigo veremos a compreensão da ética das virtudes de Alasdair MacIntyre e, nela, a solução que o filósofo apresenta para a crise ética contemporânea.
Education sector policies and their role in the integration of workplace learning and higher education: A case of Tanzania’s higher technical and engineering education
Authors: Mmari James Elikana , Kovács Zsuzsa , Kálmán Csaba
Published: January 2022

Tanzania’s education system has been passing through different changes in its policies and strategic implementation plans. As a result, improvements in various areas, such as increased students’ enrolment rate, improved pass rates, and improved infrastructure at all levels have been realized. This pilot study aimed at understanding the awareness and perception of policymakers, employers, instructors, and students of the importance of policies in integrating workplace learning and technical higher education. With the main question being, how stakeholders in the education sector perceive the importance of policies in integrating workplace learning and technical higher education. In order to answer the above question, a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted with policymakers, employers, instructors, and students. Most of the interviewees stated that policies have significant roles in ensuring the smooth integration and implementation of these two learning modes. On the other side, several challenges were mentioned in policy implementation and realization of the strategic plans. These challenges were categorized as those related to the public’s and students’ awareness and readiness, financial constraints, educational institutes’ readiness, and operationalization of the organizations and educational institutes. From this pilot study, insightful information is gained on the importance of having policies that take into account all main stakeholders in higher education.
Evolução e tendência de estudos sobre governo eletrônico: mapeamento da área - de 1992 a 2018
Authors: Santos Nathália de Melo , Souza Eda Castro Lucas de
Published: January 2022

Resumo O tema governo eletrônico (e-gov) aparece com frequência nos círculos acadêmicos, profissionais e políticos; consequentemente, o número de trabalhos publicados sobre a temática tem se ampliado. Nesse contexto, com o presente trabalho pretende-se analisar a evolução e a tendência dos estudos na área de governo eletrônico, com o objetivo de identificar a produção científica desta, por meio da análise de artigos científicos publicados em periódicos, indexados na base de dados Web of Science (WoS) de 1992 a 2018. Para tanto, foram analisados 1.516 artigos científicos publicados em periódicos por meio do software SciMAT. As análises possibilitaram identificar padrões como: frequência de estudos por ano, principais periódicos e autores no campo, assim como os trabalhos mais citados nos artigos constantes da amostra aqui considerada. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise de cocitação de palavras, que permitiu evidenciar os principais temas de pesquisa por período, bem como a evolução do campo de estudo. Os resultados indicam um crescimento das publicações sobre e-gov e o desenvolvimento de diferentes frentes de análise. Os principais temas que indicam tendências para estudos futuros voltados ao e-gov são: social media, technology acceptance model (TAM), transparency, acceptance e information system.
Perfil de prematuros em atendimento fonoaudiológico em um ambulatório de follow up
Authors: Teixeira Maisa Alves , Britto Denise Brandão de Oliveira e , Escarce Andrezza Gonzalez , Paula Danielle Diniz de , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Objetivo descrever o perfil de crianças pré-termo, segundo aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e assistenciais, e a associação com dados perinatais e pós-natais. Métodos estudo observacional descritivo transversal, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – CEP-UFMG, sob o Parecer 3.615.440, realizado por meio da análise de 749 prontuários de crianças pré-termo, atendidas no setor de Fonoaudiologia de ambulatório multidisciplinar de follow-up. Foram incluídos no estudo todos os prontuários do período de 2009 a 2019. Para as análises de associação foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Kruskal-Wallis, sendo considerados como valores com significância estatística os que apresentaram valor de p≤0,05. Resultados verificou-se distribuição similar entre os sexos feminino e masculino e a maior parte das crianças com prematuridade moderada a tardia. A maioria dos pais apresentou ensino médio completo, com renda familiar de até dois salários mínimos (60,0%). Quanto aos aspectos clínicos, observou-se significância estatística (p≤0,001) na associação da idade gestacional com as seguintes variáveis: peso ao nascimento, estatura, perímetro cefálico, uso do Método Canguru, alimentação na alta, drogas ototóxicas, hemorragia intracraniana, sepse e icterícia. A maioria dos bebês (99,9%) realizou o Teste Guthrie com resultado adequado (95,3%). Da mesma forma, referente à realização da Triagem Auditiva Neonatal - (79,9%), com resultado adequado (89,4%). Conclusão a maioria das famílias era de baixa renda, com bebês apresentando prematuridade tardia. Observou-se significância estatística para as variáveis: tipo de parto, peso, estatura, perímetro cefálico, uso de drogas ototóxicas, hemorragia intracraniana, sepse e icterícia, com alterações predominantes em prematuros extremos.
TEAM BASED LEARNING: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA METODOLOGIA NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA DA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA
Authors: Marques Ana Paula Ambrósio Zanelato , Gitahy Raquel Rosan Christino
Published: January 2022

Teve como objetivo estudar como o aprendizado baseado em equipe ativo (TBL) pode contribuir para uma aprendizagem mais significativa nos estudos, pode contribuir para uma pesquisa de compreensão de significados e desencadeando mudanças de comportamento para atuar em situações diferentes. A abordagem privada de tipo de intervenção foi desenvolvida com pesquisa qualitativa do TBL como estratégia de aprendizagem e disciplina de Linguagens e Tecnologias de Programação Desktop I, do segundo ano do curso de ensino superior em Sistemas de Informação de Aplicação de uma instituição de ensino superior. Os participantes deste estudo e a professora também participaram do estudo como pesquisadora.As seguintes fases de levantamento e coleta de dados de um semestre ocorreram durante seis intervenções e utilizaram-se dos objetos diários ao bordo, estimativas e grupos focais em categorias. Os procedimentos para a análise dos dados fizeram uso de aqui, que emergiram quatro características nos achados, a saber, 1. Conhecimento prévio; 2. Material significativo; 3. Interesse ou disposição do estudante para aprender e 4. Aprendizagem significativa de conceito. Os resultados apontaram que as tarefas em TBL – estudo prévio, discussão em equipes e construção de resolução de problemas – facilitaram de conhecimentos conceituais.Este processo foi centrado no aluno e baseado na construção progressiva do conhecimento, uma aprendizagem mais significativa, como o ensino mais evidente, em que novas informações se conectam secundárias. Material significativo; 3. Interesse ou disposição do estudante para aprender e 4. Aprendizagem significativa de conceito. Os resultados apontaram que as tarefas em TBL – estudo prévio, discussão em equipes e construção de resolução de problemas – facilitaram de conhecimentos conceituais. Este processo foi centrado no aluno e baseado na construção progressiva do conhecimento, uma aprendizagem mais significativa, como o ensino mais evidente, em que novas informações se conectam secundárias. Material significativo;3. Interesse ou disposição do estudante para aprender e 4. Aprendizagem significativa de conceito. Os resultados apontaram que as tarefas em TBL – estudo prévio, discussão em equipes e construção de resolução de problemas – facilitaram de conhecimentos conceituais. Este processo foi centrado no aluno e baseado na construção progressiva do conhecimento, uma aprendizagem mais significativa, como o ensino mais evidente, em que novas informações se conectam secundárias.
PEMISAHAN CESIUM DALAM BAHAN BAKAR U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 BURN UP 60% POTONGAN BOTTOM
Authors: Saputri Ariyanti , Indaryati Sutri , Haryati Iis , Yanlinastuti Yanlinastuti , Mahmudah Hanifah Rifaatul , Ginting Aslina Br.
Published: January 2022

PEMISAHAN CESIUM DALAM BAHAN BAKAR U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 BURN UP 60% POTONGAN BOTTOM. Telah dilakukan pemisahan cesium dalam bahan bakar U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 burn up 60% menggunakan bahan zeolit Lampung pada metode penukar kation. Burn up bahan bakar pasca iradiasi dapat ditentukan dengan indikator burn up menggunakan isotop cesium. Pemisahan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan berat cesium yang akurat sehingga perhitungan nilai burn up secara merusak juga dapat dilakukan secara tepat. PEB U3Si2/Al dipotong pada bagian Bottom secara duplo lalu ditambahkan pelarut HCl 6 N dan HNO3 6N. Satu mL larutan bahan bakar U3Si2/Al dimasukkan ke dalam botol vial dan ditransfer dari hotcell 109 ke laboratorium radiasi aktivitas sedang (R.135). Larutan bahan bakar U3Si2/Al diencerkan menjadi 25 mL dan dipipet 50 µL ke dalam vial secara duplo dan ditambahkan 1000 mg zeolit Lampung, kemudian dilakukan pemisahan 134Cs dan137Cs dari 235U dengan metode penukar kation secara batch selama 60 menit. Hasil pemisahan diperoleh isotop 134Cs dan 137Cs dalam fasa padat, sedangkan uranium (238U, 235U, 234U) dan isotop lainnya dalam fasa cair. Besarnya berat isotop 134Cs dan137Cs selanjutnya diukur menggunakan spektrometer-γ. Hasil pemisahan diperoleh berat isotop 137Cs dan 134Cs dalam larutan PEB U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 burn up 60% potongan Bottom masing-masing B-1=0,00003283 g/0,036gPEB dan B-1= 0,000000147 g/0,036gPEB, sedangkan untuk potongan B-2=0,00003290 g/0,037gPEB untuk 137Cs dan B-2= 0,000000222 g/0,037gPEB untuk 134Cs. Pemisahan cesium dalam 50 µL larutan PEB U3Si2/Al burn up 60% potongan Bottom dengan metode penukar kation menggunakan zeolit Lampung seberat 1000 mg diperoleh hasil yang baik.Kata kunci:  U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3, burn up 60%, cesium, pemisahan.
Examining Wound Management in Hand Therapy within the South African Context
Authors: Esterhuizen Lezane , Naidoo Deshini , Govender Pragashnie
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Internationally, it is within occupational therapists' scope of practice to provide interventions for the prevention of wounds, amelioration of wounds and to address occupational dysfunction resulting from wounds. In South Africa, however, the role of occupational therapy in wound management in hand therapy is unclear AIM: This study aimed to describe current wound management practices and views of occupational therapists on their perceived role and preparedness for providing wound management to hand injured patients in South Africa METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was administered with a sample of 106 participants via non-probability convenience sampling. Frequencies and percentages are presented for quantitative data analysed with descriptive statistics. Open-ended responses were analysed via inductive thematic analysis RESULTS: Findings indicated a high prevalence of wounds in patients with hand injuries. Occupational therapists in South Africa have reported experiencing a high demand for involvement in wound management interventions. The identified role of occupational therapists includes providing interventions for the amelioration of wounds and addressing occupational dysfunction resulting from wounds, amongst others CONCLUSION: Improved guidance on the role and scope of occupational therapy in wound management is required. This is a need within the South African context due to the high prevalence of wounds in populations of hand injured patients that occupational therapists serve Keywords: wound management, hand therapy, occupational therapy, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.
Changing the Narrative Language of Prosperity in Africa: A Pentecostal Hermenéutica! Challenge
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: January 2022

Pentecostals' central theme in proclamation and practice since the beginning of their movement is holistic healing and wellbeing, resulting from what they term the "Full Gospel". At first, it did not include a prosperous lifestyle. However, a new emphasis on prosperity since the 1980s characterized a part of the African independent church movement with affinities to Pentecostal worship practices, designated as the Neo-Pentecostal movement. The research question for this article is why the narrative language of prosperity within the Pentecostal context changed in Africa and how the damages that it caused can be reversed, and the answer is found in hermeneutical challenges and solutions.
La gobernanza de la covid-19 en Brasil en la era de la salud global
Authors: Ortega Francisco
Published: January 2022

La pandemia de Covid-19 representa un desafío sin precedentes de gobernanza de salud pública global que ha puesto en jaque presupuestos teóricos y ha trastocado dicotomías y jerarquías como global/local, norte global/sur global o políticas de «arriba hacia abajo»/intervenciones de base, que estructuran el campo de la salud global. La primera parte de este artículo problematiza las políticas de salud global para la covid-19. Esas políticas no son factibles en muchos países del sur global y pueden exacerbar desigualdades sociales, raciales, de género y económicas existentes. La segunda parte examina la gobernanza de la covid-19 en Brasil en tiempos de Bolsonaro en el contexto de las políticas de salud global. Ese estilo de gobernanza se caracteriza por un «neoliberalismo autoritario» que convive, paradójicamente, con una «gobernanza sin Estado» (government-by-exception, Nguyen, 2009): una forma de gubernamentalidad sin Estado o «para- Estado» (Geissler, 2015) caracterizada por la ausencia o presencia limitada del Estado. Neoliberalismo autoritario y gobernanza sin Estado se alían al negacionismo científico y a la movilización estratégica de la ignorancia (McGoey, 2012) en la era de posverdad. La tercera parte de este artículo analiza cómo la gobernanza sin Estado de Bolsonaro sienta las bases para una gobernanza de salud pública de base que ha dado lugar a redes de movilización social y asistencia, formas múltiples de solidaridad y de ayuda mutua en comunidades vulnerables como favelas y comunidades indígenas que han surgido para llenar el vacío de una presencia estatal limitada.
Identificación y análisis de instruments de planeación y gestión territorial y paisajística para promover la conectividad del paisaje urbano y la conservación de la biodiversidad en Brasil
Authors: Da Silva Rudolpho Lucas , Gonçalves Santiago Alina , Gallo Aponte William Ivan
Published: January 2022

Connectivity plays an essential role in the urban landscape, facilitating the movement of organisms, genetic exchange, and other ecological flows that are fundamental to the survival of species and the provision of ecosystem services on which humans depend. To promote and restore connectivity and efficiently protect biodiversity, it is necessary, among other things, to develop and apply tools, which, when it comes to territorial and landscape planning and management, can be of various natures and have various classifications in terms of their potential to influence the activities of the agents that shape the territory and the landscape. Based on these premises, this article aims to identify and analyze, through bibliographic and documentary research, some of these instruments, especially those that can contribute to maintaining and restoring the connectivity of the urban landscape and the conservation of Brazilian biodiversity. It is hoped that this study can help public managers, urban planners, landscape architects and other related professionals to develop and implement instruments for this purpose in the practice of territorial and landscape planning and management.
CAMPINS ERITJA, MAR (ed.), The European Union and Global Environmental Protection, transforming influence into action, Routledge, 2020, 208 p., ISBN 9780367893217
Authors: Pérez Zúñiga Antoni
Published: January 2022

CAMPINS ERITJA, MAR (ed.), The European Union and Global Environmental Protection, transforming influence into action, Routledge, 2020, 208 p., ISBN 9780367893217
Perspectiva del derecho del medio ambiente y de las políticas ambientales de la Unión Europea (Segundo semestre 2021)
Authors: Pallàs Secall Pol
Published: January 2022

Perspectiva del derecho del medio ambiente y de las políticas ambientales de la Unión Europea (Segundo semestre 2021)
Jurisprudencia constitucional ambiental (Segundo semestre 2021)
Authors: Esteve Jordà Clara
Published: January 2022

Jurisprudencia constitucional ambiental (Segundo semestre 2021)
Jurisprudencia ambiental de la Unión Europea (Segundo semestre 2021)
Authors: Giles Carnero Rosa
Published: January 2022

Jurisprudencia ambiental de la Unión Europea (Segundo semestre 2021)
Medicamentos y cambio climático: el régimen jurídico de la gestión ambiental de los medicamentos, sus residuos y sus envases
Authors: Sarrato Martínez Luis
Published: January 2022

This work analyzes the relationships between the phenomenon of climate change and drugs. To do this, and starting from a general approach, the environmental impact of the pharmaceutical industry and the industrial manufacture of medicines is analyzed in a preliminary way within the global industrial context, with special reference to the possible repercussions on the pharmaceutical industry of the new legislation. Spanish on climate change. Next, a conceptual delimitation of the drug is made as a product capable of becoming waste, which leads to analyze the applicable regulations, as well as the role that the management of drugs, their waste and their packaging plays as a tool for the fight against climate change. Finally, some brief conclusions are formulated.
LIFELONG LEARNING AS A VALUE
Authors: Balceraite Lasma , Lubkina Velta , Usca Svetlana
Published: January 2022

Due to changes in the labour market over the last thirty years adult education has developed significantly. Adult education is becoming an integral part of every person’s life and advancement towards certain goals. Many adults attempt to learn independently, by using information technology. During the Covid-19 pandemic, educational processes could only continue in e-environment, using e-platforms (Zoom, Microsoft Team, etc.) or blended learning (a mix of face-to-face lessons and lessons on e-platforms).The study was carried out within the framework of the Master`s Thesis “Transformation of Educational Values in Lifelong Learning”. Aim of the research: to seek the views of the Latvian population on the current educational values in lifelong learning in order to compare them in the period before and after the Covid-19 pandemic.The paper analyses scientific literature and research; analytical reasoning is based on the results of the questionnaire.
Proper Understanding of the Results of Operational-Search Activities as the Key to Solving the Problem of their Use in Proving in Criminal Cases
Authors: Rossinskiy S. B. , Vytovtov A. E.
Published: January 2022

The authors continue the cycle of their joint research related to the problems of using the results of operational-search activities in proving criminal cases. Based on general methodological approaches to the essence of proof, the results of operational-search activities are examined in the epistemological aspect, namely, as information products that are of great cognitive value for the needs of law enforcement practice. At the same time, attention is drawn to the legal uncertainty of the category «results of operational-search activities» that is caused by the mixing of all items, documents or information obtained by operational-search means, into a single array, regardless of the methods of origin, that is, specific forms of cognitive interaction of law enforcement officers with different sources of information.

In this regard, the conclusion is drawn that the criminal procedural doctrine and criminal procedural legislation need their own (sectoral) narrower understanding of the results of operational-search activities as certain information products to be used by an inquiry officer, investigator, judiciary, and, if necessary, by other participants in a criminal case to ensure the possibility of correct application of the criminal law and resolution of a number of related issues.

It is substantiated that such an approach requires introduction into law enforcement practice of criteria that make it possible to single out the results of operational-search activities in the criminal procedural sense from a variety of other information obtained by law enforcement officers in the course of operational-search activities, namely: a) their irreproducibility, i.e., impossibility of re-obtaining the relevant information by the investigator and (or) the court; b) potential verifiability for legal goodness through the criminal procedural toolkit. Based on the foregoing, the authors’ definition of the results of operational-search activity in the criminal procedural sense is formulated.
State Legal Concepts of Information Technologies Application in Public Administration
Authors: Evsikov K. S.
Published: January 2022

In law enforcement practice, there are many examples when public authorities are unable to ensure law and order in the use of digital technologies. This is attributed to the fact that law-making activities in the field of digital law are focused on “pre-digital” methods of public administration. This imbalance between legal regulation and public relations arising in the digital environment can be resolved through the institution of digital maturity, the formation of which is closely interrelated with the institutions of digital transformation and the digital state. The paper analyzes the basics of the designated legal concepts through the analysis of the legal regulation of the evolution of the implementation of information technologies by public authorities.

One of the most important internal functions of the state is to work with information, which today has become a central element of managerial decision-making. This state of affairs makes it possible to call the state one of the beneficiaries of information revolutions. The society has gone through four information revolutions, each of which transformed the system of public administration. Today we can observe a new information revolution associated with the use of end-to-end digital technologies that have already had an impact on society and the mechanisms of the state. The paper systematizes information revolutions and their impact on the transformation of the public administration system and social interaction. The analysis made it possible to predict changes in the mechanism of the state caused by these processes.

To analyze the use of information technologies in the field of public administration, the paper summarizes the existing state legal concepts in this area. The analysis made it possible to identify their haphazardness and inconsistency. To eliminate this shortcoming, the paper formulates a universal classification of state legal concepts, including the following legal categories: electronic state, electronic democracy, electronic autocracy, electronic government, electronic justice, and electronic parliamentary, digital state. The proposed classification should contribute to improving the quality of law making and law enforcement activities in the process of regulating the use of information technologies in the field of public administration.
The increasing role of functional visualization modalities for navigation of external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy in prostate cancer
Authors: Rumyantsev Pavel O.
Published: January 2022

Brachytherapy is successfully used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms in males and females and rare cases in children, as an independent method (with localized prostate cancer) or adjuvant with remote focal radiation therapy (with cancer of the cervix, anal canal, head and neck, breast, etc.).
The expansion of diagnostic capabilities (the advent of computer and magnetic resonance imaging) due to three-dimensional imaging has given brachytherapy an important technological advantage over other methods. Many options are available for combining brachytherapy with remote radiation or systemic antitumor therapy in the first line, as well as in a single mode for localized tumor recurrence in a previously irradiated area.
Intrastates (hollow tubes) for intra-tissue high-dose brachytherapy are administered during surgery and encapsulated (closed) radioactive micro-sources for low-dose brachytherapy are directly administered (percutaneously).
A distinctive feature of brachytherapy is a sharp drop in the dose outside the tumor focus, which minimizes the risk of irradiation of surrounding organs and tissues.
The main advantage of brachytherapy in comparison with remote radiotherapy is a higher radiation dose gradient at the tumor border (from all sides). Moreover, clarifying the boundaries of uncertainty when irradiating the target is unnecessary. When the tumor changes during treatment, the sources fixed in the tumor synchronously change their position.
In addition to the advantages in efficiency and safety, the total financial costs of brachytherapy are significantly lower than other radiotherapy options.
Dangerous Representations: 'Indigenous Infanticide,' Disability, and Karitiana Relations in Brazil
Authors: Ara
Published: January 2022

No abstract available.
The frequency and profile of drug treatment in subjects with dyslipidemias and cardimetabolic diseases in an urban russian population older then 55 years
Authors: Malyutina S. K. , Mazdorova E. V. , Shapkina M. Yu. , Avdeeva E. M. , Simonova G. I. , Hubacek J. A. , Bobak M. , Nikitin Yu. P. , Ryabikov A. N.
Published: January 2022

Aim     To analyze frequency and profile of the lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in patients with dyslipidemia (DLP) and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in a population sample aged 55-84 years at the current time (2015–2017).

Material and methods Despite guidelines on DLP treatment and the availability of effective and safe lipid-lowering drugs, control of DPL in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is insufficient. Knowledge of the level of pharmaceutical correction of DLP in the Russian population is limited; it requires an LLT assessment in various regions and in a wide age range, and a regular monitoring taking into account changing approaches to the correction of DLP. A random population of men and women aged 55–84 years (n=3 896) was evaluated in Novosibirsk in 2015–2017 (project HAPIEE). A joint DLP category was established as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥3.0 mmol/l, or total cholesterol (TC) ≥5.0 mmol/l, or triglycerides (TG) ≥1.7 mmol/l, or LLT. The combined group of DLP and CMD included ischemic heart disease (IHD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and DLP. Regular LLD treatment for the recent 12 months, excluding the dosage of medicines, was assessed using the Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. The conditional control of serum lipids was taken as the achievement of LDL-C <3.0 mmol/l, TC <5.0 mmol/l, and TG <1.7 mmol/l.

ResultsIn the study sample, the total prevalence of DLP and CMD was 88 % (82.8 % for men and 91.3 % for women, p<0.001). 48.3% of patients in the IHD group, 35.0% in the DM2 group, 29.4% in the DLP group, and 32.8% in the CMD group took LLT. Control of serum lipids was achieved in 18.3% (37.9 % of patients on LLT) of patients with IHD; 9 % (25.6 % of patients on LLT) of patients with DM2; 7.3 % (24.8 % of patients on LLT) of patients with DLP; and 9.0 % (27.6 % of patients on LLTсреди) in the DLP and CMD group. Women with DM2 and DLP more frequently achieved lipid control than men (p<0.001). 98.7 % of study participants took statins as LLT.

Conclusion     In the sample of urban population aged 55–84 years in 2015–2017, 90 % of patients had DLP or CMD, and at least ¾ of them required blood lipid control. The lipid control was achieved in every fifth IHD patient and in approximately 40% of those who took LLT. For DM2 or DLP patients, the lipid control was achieved in every tenth patient and in approximately 25% of those receiving LLT. Frequency of lipid control in IHD patients was comparable for men and women; in DM2 and DLP, men less frequently achieved the lipid control than women. About 70% of patients in the combined DLP and CMD group and more than 50% of IHD patients did not take LLT, which considerably contributed to the insufficient lipid control in primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic CVDs in this population.