bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the effectiveness of training and orientation of interns by introduction of specialized female surgical clinic
Authors: Gupta Rachna , Sharma Anshuman , Pandey Sourabh , Badole Sonu , Solanki Vipiendra , John Shany
Published: October 2019

Background: There is requirement of specialized female surgical clinics nowadays, which should be addressed routinely in the surgical department. For management of surgical problems in female patients, multidisciplinary approach mainly general surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, general medicine, paediatrics, dermatology and psychiatry is required. The main aim and objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of training and orientation of interns by introduction of specialized female surgical clinic.Methods: Prospective educational interventional study was conducted. 60 sensitized interns were introduced and oriented in the specialized female surgical clinic. A total of 952 patients visiting the clinic were studied. Statistical analysis was done.Results: Feedback of interns with respect to female patients were taken and recorded. There was a significant improvement in the knowledge and skill of the participating interns. Most of the interns were willing to continue their duties to such a specialized clinic in future.Conclusions: It can be concluded that the interns sensitized and exposed to this innovative method of training have shown a positive approach to this new method of learning. Such fully functional specialized female surgical clinic is required in hospital, in which participation of interns is useful.
A study of prognostic factors in cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Sasikumar M. N. , Kurian Annie Sandhya
Published: October 2019

Background: Melanocytes are cells of neural crest origin that migrate principally to basement membrane of skin at dermo-epidermal junction. These cells when exposed to carcinogens result in malignant melanoma. Melanoma accounts for only 4% to 5% of all skin cancers but causes majority of deaths from skin cancers. Several factors affect its prognosis. Most reports agree that tumour thickness is the most important factor, but several others also interact.Methods: From the department of Medical College, Kottayam the cancer of patient who had histopathologically proven malignant melanoma during 2008-2012 were obtained from this HPR, details of the lesion such as Breslows thickness, level of invasion, presence of ulceration, mitoses, lymphocytic infiltration, tumor vascularity etc. were recorded. The case records of the some patients were then obtained from the record library, from which the clinical details of the lesions and follow up were recorded. These patients were followed till 2013. The significance and each of these factors were these analysed.Results: There were a total of 64 cases with equal gender distribution. The incidence reflected the global trend of increasing number of cases. The factors which affect prognosis included nodal status, thickness, level of invasion, ulceration, mitoses, lymphocyte infiltration, vascularity and lymphovascular emboli. A striking finding was most of the patients presented at an advanced stage, unlike the West.Conclusions: Malignant melanoma is a deadly disease especially when diagnosed late. Many factors in addition to thickness were found to have prognostic significance.
A comprehensive study of clinical features and management of ulcers of the lower limb
Authors: Mohanta Pradip Kumar , Mallik Chinmoy , Chatterjee Suman Kumar
Published: October 2019

Background: Leg ulcers are debilitating and painful, greatly reducing patient’s quality of life. These ulcers are often difficult to treat and the successful treatment of leg ulcers depends upon the accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause.Methods: This prospective cross sectional study was conducted by Department of General Surgery at College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Nadia. The study was conducted during the period from September 2017 to August 2019 which included 193 patients presenting with ulcers of the lower limb and admitted in surgical wards of our hospital.Results: Most of the patients were engaged in agriculture (23.8%) followed by business (22.8%) and service (14.5%). 52.03% of the patients had habit of smoking, chewing tobacco and drinking of alcohol. Most of the ulcers were diabetic (36.3%) followed by venous (22.3%) (Z=2.17; p=0). Only 4.7% and 3.1% were malignant and trophic ulcers. Peripheral neuropathy (23.3%) was the most common type of ulcer followed by venous hypertension (22.3%). At the end of study period, 180 ulcers were healed, 3 had recurrence, 5 were disease free and 5 patients died.Conclusions: Thus, the study of various cases of leg ulcers arouses lot of interest and is mind boggling as far as the treatment of these cases are concerned. With the availability of arsenal of investigation wide range of antibiotics and with ever improving dressing material, there is certainly a great improvement in treatment of chronic leg ulcers.
A clinical study of external ear reconstruction: a study of 20 cases
Authors: Katwala Priyank K. , Pawar Vishal A. , Katwala Palak P. , Parmar Ketan H.
Published: October 2019

Background: Auricular defects pose one of the most difficult challenges in reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. The reason is the unique three-dimensional anatomical architecture of the auricle, with its multiple concavities and convolutions of the cartilage and the thin, delicate skin cover. Acquired auricular deformities commonly result from traumatic injuries, burn trauma or tumour extirpation. These vary in severity from simple lacerations to complete auricular avulsions. Congenital ear deformity (microtia) occurs in every 1 out of 6000 live births. The goal of reconstruction is the precise duplication of the missing anatomical part with regard to size, orientation and anatomical landmarks.Methods: Range from healing by secondary intention to complete replacement with autologous rib cartilage and/or auricular prosthesis. Total auricular reconstruction was done by two methods: (1) Nagata and (2) Brent’s method. Nagata’s technique is commonly performed in this study. The present study aimed to evaluate the reconstruction of auricular defects using autologous rib cartilage graft with or without temperoparietal fascia flap covered by split-thickness skin graft.Results: Excellent cosmetic result can be obtained with adequate skills and training in carving the cartilage for auricular framework. This improves confidence and gives psychological support to microtia patients.Conclusions: With training and method, results in ear reconstruction using autologous rib cartilage are excellent and reproducible.
Outcomes in splenic injury at a high volume tertiary care centre
Authors: Nar Amandeep S. , Lubana Harpreet S. , Jabbal Harmandeep S. , Singh Ravinderpal , Mishra Atul , Birring Chamanjot S.
Published: October 2019

Background: The objective of the present study was to study the outcomes of patients following splenic injury at a tertiary care centre.Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years, from January 2017 to December 2018, at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana to include all patients presenting to the emergency department with splenic injury diagnosed on focused abdominal sonography in trauma (FAST)/contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen. 60 cases were studied over this time-period. After thorough a work-up, patients were either managed conservatively or by surgical intervention. The results were recorded in a predesigned proforma and the statistics were analyzed to determine the outcome of splenic injury patients at DMCH, Ludhiana.Results: Among 10% of cases were Grade-V (American Association for Surgery in Trauma (AAST) grading), all of whom required surgical intervention. 3.3% of cases with lesser grade of injury required surgical intervention due to other reasons. 86.7% were managed conservatively. Mean length of stay was 10.9 days. 83.4% of cases were discharged in stable condition with 13.3% cases being discharged against medical advice and a mortality rate of 3.3%.Conclusions: Majority of patients (86.7%) with splenic injury can be managed conservatively. Surgical intervention is only indicated in patients with Grade-V AAST injury (10%) or in patients with concomitant injury to other organs requiring laparotomy (3.3%). In essence, early diagnosis with FAST and CECT abdomen is the cornerstone in the management of splenic injury, which can help trauma surgeons establish an early management protocol for the better outcome of patients with splenic injury. However, a study with greater sample size is required to further establish the principles of management of splenic trauma in this region.
Clinical outcomes following esophagectomy for benign esophageal diseases: a single center experience
Authors: Jesudason Jeya Sudhahar , Chandrabose Karpagavel
Published: October 2019

Background: Surgery is the treatment option for wide range of benign esophageal diseases. But there are very few studies on Indian population, documenting the profile and clinical outcome of esophageal disease treated by surgical intervention. Hence author undertook a study to determine the clinical outcomes following esophagectomy for benign esophageal diseases.Methods: The current study was a prospective observational study, conducted in Velammal Medical College, Madurai. Data collection was done for 6 years from January 2012 to December 2017. Patients diagnosed with benign esophageal diseases were enrolled. The surgical procedures performed and outcomes were documented. Mean and standard deviation were used to summarize numeric variables, number and percentage were used to summarize categorical variables.Results: A total of 20 cases were included, with 11 men and 9 women. The mean age was 42.6±8.3 years. Dysphagia (90%) was the most common presentation, followed by heart burn (58%), regurgitation (40%) and chest pain (25%). Boerhaave syndrome (25%) was the most common diagnosis followed by foreign body perforation in 2(10%) patients. Corrosive stricture, peptic stricture, perforation following pneumatic dilatation and end stage achalasia were present in 2(10%) patients each. Jejunostomy and pyloroplasty were the procedure done in all cases. Stomach was the conduit used in 90% of patients. The conduit placement was done in the posterior mediastinum. The duration of the hospital stay ranged from 10 to 35 days. Mortality rate was 10%. Pulmonary morbidity (40%) was the most common post-operative complication, followed by wound infection (20%). Anastomotic stricture occurred among 30% of subjects.Conclusions: There is a high probability of occurrence complications following esophagectomy for benign disease. Clinicians must be aware of incidence of various complications, to be able to minimize and manage them effectively.
Efficacy of autologous platelet rich plasma versus regular dressing in chronic wounds
Authors: . Asif , Chandramouli N.
Published: October 2019

Background: Chronic wounds are a frequent problem and pose a heavy burden to the service provider. Platelet extract containing several growth factors used on chronic wounds has shown impressive results in both healing percentage and time for epithelisation. Platelet extract from the patient’s own blood has been used in trials as a cheap and equally effective alternative to commercial platelet gels. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the therapeutic role of autologous platelet rich plasma (APRP) in epithelialisation and reduction in size of chronic wounds of lower limb.Methods: It is a case control study, conducted at Sri Adichunchanagiri Hospital and Research Centre, B.G. Nagara, Karnataka. Conducted during January 2017 to June 2018 this study consisted of 30 patients with chronic ulcers between the age group of 18-80 years, with duration of ulcer ranging from 12 to 26 weeks. After obtaining consent they were randomly allotted into control and test groups with 15 patients each. Control group patients were treated with conventional dressing and in test group APRP dressing was done. Later percentage decrease in wound size was assessed.Results: Ulcer size decreased significantly (p<0.0001) in test group compared to control group. No unwanted effects or complications noted.Conclusions: APRP is a safe and effective treatment modality for chronic non-healing ulcers. It enhances healing and also decreases the associated cost and morbidity. Further research and randomized controlled clinical trials on larger patient population are necessary to validate the results.
Mucormycosis of stomach
Authors: Joshi Gaurav , Singh Devender , Rathore Yashwant Singh , Singh Bhanupratap
Published: October 2019

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is invasive fungal infection with very high mortality if not treated. Early diagnosis is critical. We managed a case of mucormycosis of stomach which was a diagnostic challenge. As symptoms are not specific an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy plays the most important role in the diagnosis of mucormycosis of stomach. Upon endoscopy it may be confused with food material (bread) or a foreign body (Bezoars). Diagnosis is easily missed unless there is very high index of suspicion. Surgical resection of involved organ in combination with systemic administration of amphoterecin B is treatment of choice.
Mediastinal mature teratoma in an adolescent: a rare case presentation
Authors: Dave Divyang , Bansal Nipun , Astik Hardik , Joshi Varun , Patel Ojas
Published: October 2019

Teratomas are the most common germ cell tumours composed of two or more germ layers. Mediastinum is the most common site of extragonadal germ cell tumour. Teratomas are relatively rare of all tumours in mediastinum. Here, we report a rare case of an adolescent who presented with chest pain and breathlessness. CT scan showed a large, well-defined lesion with internal fat density, calcifications, cystic and solid components arising from anterior mediastinum. He was successfully operated and treated at New Civil Hospital Surat attached to Government Medical College Surat. The purpose of this case report is to bring in light to the mediastinal mature teratomas in adolescents as they have very low incidence rate.
Cystic duct dysplasia after cholecystectomy: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Mongelli Francesco , Cianfarani Agnese , Di Giuseppe Matteo , Ferrario Di Tor Vajana Antonjacopo , Saporito Andrea , Garofalo Fabio , La Regina Davide
Published: October 2019

Approximately 1 to 3.5% of cholecystectomies are found to have incidental dysplasia on histological examination. Cases of positive resection margins on the cystic stump are rare and evidence lack. The aim of this article was to systematically review the literature and to suggest a possible management algorithm. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases by combining “cholecystectomy” and “dysplasia” and “cystic” according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. Studies providing information about cystic duct dysplasia with positive resection margin after cholecystectomy were included. We identified 113 articles, of which three were considered eligible. Five patients had a high-grade dysplasia, one patient had a carcinoma and one had a low-grade dysplasia. Median follow-up was of 10.5 months (range: 0.5-26.6 months), no evidence of recurrence was found in patients with dysplasia, while the patient with diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma died during follow-up. Patients with positive resection margins for dysplasia after cholecystectomy should be considered for a surgical treatment according to clinical and pathological factors. Simple cystic duct stump excision was suggested and seems to be safe and effective with no evidence of recurrence during follow-up when a R0 resection is achieved. A multidisciplinary approach and a surveillance program should be always taken into account.
Impact of educational intervention regarding anaemia and its preventive measures among adolescent girls of Government Arts College of Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Authors: Bhalsod Ashish Shamjibhai , Dave Nisarg N. , Thakor Nilesh
Published: October 2019

Background: The nutritional and the health needs of the adolescents more because of the growth spurt and the increase in physical activity. So, they are at high risk for anaemia and malnutrition. Objective was to assess knowledge of adolescent girls regarding anaemia and its preventive measures before and after educational interventional training.Methods: The present study was an interventional study undertaken in purposively selected Government Arts college of Vadodara city during June to September 2019. Total 100 adolescent girls between the age group of 17-19 were included after written informed consent. Baseline knowledge of adolescent girls regarding anaemia and its preventive measures was assessed by pre-designed, pre-tested and semi structured questionnaire. Single educational interventional training for 45 minutes was given to selected adolescent girls. Post-intervention knowledge of students for the same was assessed after training. Thus, collected data was analyzed using SPSS 17 (Trial Version).Results: Baseline knowledge of the adolescent girls regarding causes, signs and symptoms of anemia and dietary sources of iron was 23%, 40% and 25% respectively which was significantly increased to 66%, 72% and 55% respectively after the intervention. Baseline knowledge of the adolescent girls regarding factors which inhibit and increase iron absorption was 4% and 30% respectively which was significantly increased to 41% and 79 % respectively after the intervention. Baseline knowledge of the adolescent girls regarding treatment of anaemia was 21% which was significantly increased to 64 % after the intervention.Conclusions: Single educational session significantly improve the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding anaemia and its preventive measures.
Assessment of primary health centres of a district in North Karnataka according to Indian Public Health Standards 2012 guidelines: a cross sectional study
Authors: Patil Shrinivas K. , M. S. Shivaswamy
Published: October 2019

Background: Primary health centre (PHC) is a basic health unit to provide an integrated curative and preventive health care to the rural population as close to the people as possible, with emphasis on preventive and promotive aspects of health care.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in Belagavi district of Karnataka in India. Twenty PHCs, two PHCs from each of the 10 talukas of Belagavi district were selected by simple random sampling. The study period was from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014. Data was collected using a predesigned and structured questionnaire for IPHS facility survey.Results: In this study, only 60% of primary health centres covered the population as per the IPHS norms. All the PHCs were providing the regular outpatient department (OPD) services, referral services, antenatal care, family planning and in-patient services. Bed occupancy rate was less than 40% in 55% of PHCs. Building area in 75% of PHCs were inadequate according to IPHS norms. Residential facility for staff was available only in half of the studied PHCs.Conclusions: IPHS guidelines were not fully being followed at PHC level in the district. Though the requirement of medical officers and pharmacists was fulfilled in almost all the PHCs, deficiency was seen in the appointing of Ayush doctors and staff nurses at PHCs. There is an urgent need of recruiting the deficient staff for efficient functioning of the PHCs.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of childhood diarrhoea among mothers of children under five years of age: a cross sectional study
Authors: Garg Nitish , Kikon Sulanthung , Ramesh Rohan Michael , Garg Sugandha Chaudhary
Published: October 2019

Background: Diarrhoea is an important communicable disease which can be prevented by proper hygiene and other simple practical measures. We assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices among mothers regarding childhood diarrhoea in a secondary care hospital in Dimapur, Nagaland.Methods: Cross-sectional observational study conducted over a period of one year including 449 mothers in the age group <45 years with atleast one child under 5 years of age using an interviewer administered, pilot tested, semi-structured questionnaire under the following as categories demography, knowledge, attitude and practices.Results: 97.8% had good knowledge regarding causes and prevention of diarrhoea, 65% had good knowledge regarding the management of diarrhoea while 31% mothers had moderate knowledge. 98% mothers had good attitude but only 17.8% had good practice scores. Multivariate regression analysis showed education > class 10 and residence in urban area were significantly associated with good knowledge and education >class 10, age of mothers ≥29 years, employed mothers, family income Rs. ≥28000 were significantly associated with good practice.Conclusions: Good knowledge and attitude regarding diarrhoea prevention and management among our study population did not translate to good practice. These could also be due to the lower knowledge about management of diarrhoea. Widespread prevalence of wrong practices in the community like irrational use of antibiotics could also have resulted in low practice scores. The gaps between knowledge and attitude and practices among the mothers need to be addressed.
Evaluation of quality of life and the nutritional status of oral cancer treated patients as compared with the control group in Varanasi district: a cross sectional study
Authors: Singh Vishal , Singh Ashok Kumar , Dutta Kumar Durga , Kumar Neeraj , Kumari Anu
Published: October 2019

Background: The modern day oral oncotherapy is now concerned on the oral quality of life after treatment of the patient. There is need to evaluate final outcome following the different combination of treatment modalities available to make better therapeutic treatment decisions. Oral health-related quality of life (QHRQOL) and their nutritional status is gaining importance as a valuable outcome measure in oral cancer area and compare with the other control group. The aim of the study was to examine the nutritional status among the oral cancer patients and compare the QHRQoL of two groups (i.e., oral cancer group and control group) in Varanasi district.Methods: The prospective study was conducted from January 2018 to August 2018. 124 oral cancer patients and 124 control people from the Varanasi district participated in this study. Nutritional status of oral cancer treated patients was assessed. QHRQoL of the oral cancer patients were compared with the control group.Results: Among the 124 oral cancer patient, 67.74% were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Patients had worse QHRQoL among oral cancer group. There were highly statistically significant differences found in the oral health impact profile and oral impacts on daily performances on comparing the oral cancer patients with the control group.Conclusions: This study indicated that oral cancer patients with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition have significantly worse OHRQoL than with the control population group.
Knowledge of antenatal care among mothers of infants in rural area of Belagavi: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sinha Pragya , Gunagi Praveena R. , Viveki R. G. , Kamble Manjunath , Halki Sunanda
Published: October 2019

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is the care given to pregnant women for safe pregnancy and healthy babies. It is the most effective health intervention for preventing maternal morbidity and mortality. Health knowledge is an important element which enables women to be aware of their health status and promotes service utilization which further improves the health of the beneficiaries. This study was conducted among mothers of rural area of Belagavi with an objective to determine the level of knowledge related to ANC and the factors associated with the same.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in February-April 2018 among mothers who had delivered within one year from date of study and who had registered and availed antenatal services in field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, BIMS, Belagavi. Sample size was calculated as 161. Mothers were selected using systematic sampling. Data was collected after obtaining an informed, written consent from the participants and was compiled, tabulated and analysed in MS Excel. The results are presented as percentage and proportions and chi square test has been applied.Results: 50% participants had fair knowledge regarding ANC. The level of knowledge was found to be statistically significant with employment status and BPL status.Conclusions: The study found adequate knowledge among majority of mothers.
Exploration of contraceptive awareness and decision making among married women of reproductive age in semi urban area of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Saravanan Sinduja , Maiya Rakesh , Akram R. M. Waseem , Jain Timsi
Published: October 2019

Background: India was the first country to have launched a National Program for Family Planning in 1952, but still there is no control on population growth. The objective was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraceptives among married women in semi urban area of Tamil Nadu.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in a semi urban area of Tamil Nadu. Married women of reproductive age (15-49) were included. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the subjects and self-administered questionnaire was used as study tool.Results: In this study about 91.80% were aware of at least one of the contraceptive methods but only 64.75% women used. The most common reason for using contraception was small family norms (75.89%) and for not using contraception was worried about side effects. The method commonly preferred was sterilisation (63.93%). The process of decision making was done mutually by both husband and wife (76.79%). There is an association existing between the education and awareness.Conclusions: On overall analysis it was found that only 49% are aware of contraception. Thus by proper motivation, counselling and improving facilities at both government and private sector, the unmet needs of contraception can be achieved.
Trend of leptospirosis and its association with meteorological factors in Thrissur district, Kerala
Authors: Premdas Alok Kanjhoor , Areekal Binu , Sukumaran Sudhiraj Thiruthara , Raj Kunnumel Kandi Ashwin
Published: October 2019

Background: Leptospirosis is a common zoonosis caused by bacteria, Leptospira. The core determinants of the disease are the presence of carrier animals, environmental factors and the interaction between man, carrier and the environment. Understanding the type of relation between these factors and leptospirosis will help in controlling the disease. The current study intends to find the trend of leptospirosis cases, to forecast the disease and to correlate number of cases of leptospirosis with meteorological factors.Methods: The data of leptospirosis cases and the meteorological factors in Thrissur district were collected and entered in MS- Excel and statistical analysis was done using SPSS-16.0. For analysing the trend and to forecast the same, time series analysis method was used. The correctness of the model was tested using Ljung-Box statistics.Results: Time series chart, autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation show leptospirosis follows a seasonal trend. Forecasting of leptospirosis cases from July 2018 to May 2019 made by the model matched with original number reported in Thrissur district. Cross correlation of total rainfall and total rainy days showed that leptospirosis peak approximately 1 month after the onset or together with the rain (lag-1 and 0, r0.471 and 0.380 for total rainfall, lag-1 and 0, r0.501 and 0.469 for total rainy days). Humidity positively affects number of leptospirosis cases (lag-1 and 0, r0.464 and 0.435). June to October, seasonally adjusted factor (SAF) was >100% with highest SAF in August (202.2%).Conclusions: Leptospirosis shows a seasonal trend with more cases in June to October and correlates with change in meteorological factors of the region.
Epidemiology and clinical profile of scrub typhus outbreak in a tertiary care centre of central India
Authors: Narlawar Uday W. , Lilare Rushali Rajan , Gawande Bhagyashree S.
Published: October 2019

Background: Scrub typhus is the most common rickettsial infection in the Indian subcontinent with the manifestation ranging from mild symptoms to serious disease with or complication or death. The objective of this study was to study epidemiology and clinical profile of scrub typhus outbreak in a tertiary care centre of central India.Methods: Present study is a record based retrospective study enrolling 173 confirmed positive cases with ELISA test during the period from 1st August to 31st December 2018.Results: Maximum number of the cases 94 (54.3%) had occurred in September 2019. Majority of the female 94(54.3%) were Ig M positive for scrub typhus. Maximum cases 134 (77.5%) were from rural area. Most common symptoms were fever 170 (98.3%), followed by fever with chills 65 (37.6%), breathlessness 49 (28.3%), cough 35 (20.2%), and 28 (16.2%) each with altered sensorium and headache. Mortality was recorded in 30 (173%) and amongst them 10 (34.5%) and 4 (13.8%) cases had ARDS and septicaemia as complication respectively.Conclusions: This study shows that majority of the cases occurred in the month of September 2018 with female preponderance. Most of the residence were from rural areas with common presenting symptoms as fever or fever with chills followed by breathlessness, cough and altered sensorium and headache.
Impact of driving duration on hand muscle strength in people who commute for work
Authors: Sannasi Latha
Published: October 2019

Background: Urbanization has brought a lot of health issues in the citizens. Commuting for work has become more common. People around the world use different means of commute like public transport or driving a car to work. The increase in time of commute may be associated with many health hazards. In this study we try to study the impact of driving duration on hand muscle power.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. About 32 persons who drive car for their work participated in this study after giving their consent. Subjects grouped in to two categories long commuters, who drive for greater or equal to one hour and short commuters less than one hour. Muscle power tested on two occasions immediately after driving and four hour after driving with a help of hand grip dynamometer. Demographic details were collected. The two groups compared for muscle power and body mass index (BMI).Results: The long commuters had less muscle power in comparison with short commuters and it was significant. The average BMI of long commuters was in obesity range were as the average BMI of short commuter is less and it was statistically significant.Conclusions: Driving for greater than one hour is associated with obesity and reduced muscle power immediately after driving.
A cross sectional study on demographic factors affecting low birth weight
Authors: Vasant Renu Sulakhe , Rao Lavanya K. M. , V. Nageswara Rao
Published: October 2019

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the commonest cause for infant and childhood morbidity and mortality. The majority of low birth weight in developing countries is due to intrauterine growth retardation, while most low birth weight in industrialized countries is due to preterm birth. LBW is the single most important factor determining the survival chances of the child. The objectives of the study were to assess the proportion of low birth weight among babies delivered by mothers at a tertiary care hospital and to analyse the relationship between low birth weight and certain socio-demographic factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care centre for a period of six months.Results: The prevalence of LBW was 23.5%. The proportion of mothers having low birth weight was maximum in women aged less than 18 years (35%) and more than 30 years (26.5%). Muslim women had a higher proportion of LBW (28.8%). LBW was more in women belonging to joint family (30.0%), low per capita income group and illiterates.Conclusions: The prevalence of LBW still continues to be high, almost one fourth of the babies are LBW. Different socio-demographic characteristics of the population are still the important factors determining the occurrence of LBW.
Discernment, apropos on dispensation of hospital waste among paramedics: a descriptive study
Authors: Agrawal Swati , Saxena Vrinda , Jain Swapnil , Sharva Vijayta
Published: October 2019

Background: India is one of the most populated and rapidly growing countries in the world and is the source of humongous amounts of waste every year, including municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, biomedical waste or e-waste. Healthcare is one of the largest sectors in India both in terms of revenue and employment. With growing healthcare, there is a requirement of management of bio-medical waste. This study is conducted to assess discernment, apropos on dispensation of hospital waste by paramedics.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the discernment and apropos of paramedical staff in 3 private hospitals regarding disposal of waste in Bhopal city and convenience sampling was used. A total of 204 individuals were approached for the study. The collected data analysed by using SPSS 21.0 and Descriptive analysis was done.Results: Total 204 paramedical staff participated in the study out of which 125 (61.2%) were males and 79 (38.7%) were males. It showed that there was limited level of knowledge, attitude and practices among class 3 workers i.e., attenders as compared to nurses and technicians.Conclusions: Study concluded that there is lack of knowledge about waste management which leads to improper waste disposal and pointed out that class 3 workers have less knowledge as compared to class 1 and class 2 workers. The technicians and nurses comparatively were having better knowledge and attitude, and also practiced waste management better than the attenders.
Influence of vibrations on characteristics of hydromechanical regulators
Authors: Gulienko Anatoly
Published: October 2019

The main noise source in gas distribution systems is the gas pressure reduction in regulators. Nowadays the special mufflers, representing a set of orifices, are widely used for pressure regulator noise reduction. However, the installation of such devices may cause malfunction of the unit. That is why there is a need to study the characteristics of regulator with the muffler in order to select the parameters at which the desired pressure reduction is retained and the noise is reduced.This paper studies the regulator which represents an equivalent of reduction valve of a similar scheme with the muffler installed in the outlet line. The output impedance increase may lead to loss of stability and control accuracy. The mathematical model of this system was implemented in the Simulink software in order to analyze the muffler impact on pressure relief valve static and dynamic characteristics. The program in Matlab software was also developed for determination of the noise generated by the system. The experimental research using the pneumatic bench was carried out for mathematical model verification.
Investigation of the torsional vibrations of a rotor turbine engine with a differential reduction gearbox
Authors: Kurushin Mikhail , Balyakin Valeriy , Ossiala Venceslas
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the dynamics of turbine engine with a differential reduction gearbox is considered. Only natural torsional oscillations are investigated. In the framework of solving the problem of dynamics of elastic systems, according to experimental data and in our studies by the finite element method for one pair of conjugate teeth, it can be assumed that the dependence is close to a quadratic parabola or to a sinusoid. The hydrodynamic damping of vibrations of the elastic system rotor and how lubricant layer in the gears engagements in the splined joints, are considered. The Eigenfrequencies (Hz) of all rotors together with the blades and without the blades at a constant overlap coefficient in the gear teeth are also investigated. Revealed that, overstrain of the teeth in engagement of the gear wheels leads to parametric oscillations of the engine blades.
Some aspects of the squeeze film damper with elastic rings parametric modeling under the fluid-structural coupling conditions
Authors: Diligenskiy Dmitriy
Published: October 2019

The operation of the squeeze film damper (SFD) is highly depend on the lubricant layer behavior as well as on the stiffness of its elements. The interesting part is the mutual influence of the elastic part and an incompressible fluid squeezing around the ring during the operation of the SFD occurring due to the precession in the rotor. The article describes the approach to the modeling to the fluid-structural interaction simulation of the SFD as a system of similar section.
LONG-TERM RESULTS OF DENTAL ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT IN THE ASPECT OF QUALITY OF LIFE CHANGE
Authors: Кошелев Константин , Koshelev konstantin , Евстифеева Елена , Evstifeeva Elena , Белоусов Николай , Belousov Nikolay , Филиппченкова Светлана , Filippchenkova Svetlana , Мурашова Лада , Murashova Lada
Published: October 2019

Background. The annual growth of patients ' claims to dentists dictates the need to develop new methods of evaluation and quality standards of care. Often, patients are not happy with the timing of the use of dentures, which is associated with unjustified expectations that have not been adjusted by the attending physician.

Relevance. Study of changes in quality of life parameters in a certain group of patients.

Objectives. The standard clinical and paraclinical methods and psychodiagnostic analysis in the form of a questionnaire of quality of life were used as research methods. The data of sixty patients who needed repeated prosthetics for various reasons are presented as the material of the study.

Results. The correlation of certain parameters of quality of life from the type of prosthesis is determined. So it is proved that patients with removable prostheses physical and emotional state suffers more than patients with fixed prostheses. The presence of depressive States and anxiety experiences is more pronounced in patients with removable dentures. It was determined that in the case of removable prostheses, the period of wearing is directly correlated with changes in the quality of life. At the same time, the quality of life of patients with fixed prostheses, on the contrary, changes minimally until the "critical" moment, when there is an urgent need to remove the denture. The average terms of prosthesis use in months are calculated.

Conclusion. The obtained data can be used in research on dentistry and psychology; at the clinical reception by dentists – orthopedists at the initial consultation of the patient about prosthetics of teeth and dentition. The published material is part of the work on the prospective development of a method for predicting the term and long-term results of dental orthopedic treatment.
SESSIONS FOR FIRST AND SECOND YEAR RESIDENTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THERAPEUTIC DENTISTRY AND PROPEDEUTICS OF DENTAL DISEASES
Authors: Чернавский Александр , Chernavskiy Aleksandr , Русакова Ирина , Rusakova Irina , Григорьев Сергей , Griroriev Sergey , Петрова Валерия , Petrova Valeriya , Ситников Александр , Sitnikov Aleksandr
Published: October 2019

Subject. The game teaching method has been used for a long time and has been known since ancient times as a means of socializing an individual in society. In the educational process and in the process of becoming a young specialist, he becomes very popular. A quest as a form of modern learning refers to active learning methods. The word quest is relatively new to our audience. Literally from English — this is a "search", which can be associated with an adventure or a game. The entire plot of the quest is replete with various clues that help you decide how to deal with this or that difficulty. Thus, the passage of the quest is somewhat reminiscent of the solution to a kind of puzzle.

The goal is the synthesis of theoretical knowledge gained during training to achieve the necessary practical result.

Methodology. In preparation for the quest training program for residents, scenarios were developed that included sections: the main problem, the skills learned, a brief description, the participants, the necessary training equipment, the preparation of equipment for the quest, the preparation of the study room for the quest, supplies, and a description of the scenario , description of the quest process, entry into the script, algorithm for the correct actions of residents. Clinical scenarios were developed for dentists on the topics: “Filling and maintaining medical records”, “Clinical communication, examination and treatment of a patient with a dental profile”.

Results. An educational quest from the point of view of psychology allows you to individualize the learning process, use the entire educational space and create the best conditions for the development and self-realization of participants in educational relations.

Findings. Non-standard approaches to the organization of natural science studies, based on independent research activities, stimulate the formation of cognitive interest in practical dentistry, as shown by our survey of students and the results of intermediate certification. The quest training offered by us, of course, is interactive and based on the principles of communication, student activity, reliance on group experience.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF APOPTOSIS MARKER ANNEXIN A5 AND THE VALUE OF DENTAL INDICES IN OF VARYING SEVERITY WITHOUT GENERAL SOMATIC PATHOLOGY AND WITH BRONCHIECTATIC DISEASE
Authors: Саркисов Артем , Sarkisov Artem , Зеленский Владимир , Zelenskiy Vladimir , Полунина Екатерина , Polunina Ekaterina , Саркисов Карен , Sarkisov Karen
Published: October 2019

Background. The study of the features of the course and the general links of pathogenesis in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) with comorbid pathology is one of the priorities of modern medicine.

Objectives ― to assess and analyze the level of apoptosis marker annexin A5 and the value of dental indices in patients with CGP of varying severity without General somatic pathology and against the background of bronchiectatic disease

Methods. The study involved 90 patients with present study included varying degrees (light, medium, heavy), which were divided into two groups: patients with no somatic pathology (n=40) and patients with comorbid pathology in the form of bronchoectatic disease (n=50). Somatically healthy individuals with intact periodontal disease (n=40) were examined as a control group. The values of dental indices – PMA, PI, Muhlemann and OHI-s. The level of annexin A5 was determined in the oral fluid by enzyme immunoassay.

Results. In patients with CGP revealed a statistically significant higher value of the level of annexin A5 compared with somatically healthy individuals with intact periodontal and statistically significantly higher in patients with more severe periodontitis. At the same time, in patients with comorbid pathology, the level of annexin A5 in patients with CGP with bronchoectatic disease with mild, average and heavy degree of periodontitis is statistically significantly higher than in patients with CGP without somatic pathology. The revealed relationships between the value of dental indices and the level of annexin A5 indicate the influence of the studied marker of apoptosis on the state of periodontal tissues. Moreover, the patients with comorbidity the power value of the identified links more than the present study included patients with no somatic pathology.

Conclusion. The obtained data show the influence on the currents present study included the presence of comorbid pathology in the form of bronchoectatic disease and presence of common mutually aggravating link of pathogenesis of apoptosis and the opportunity to use annexin A5 as predictive marker of progression, as the present study included patients with no somatic pathology and in the background bronchoectatic disease.
MONITORING OF THE MICROCIRCULATION OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE CONDITION IN THE TRANSITORY FOLD OF TEETH WITH CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS IN THE DYNAMICS OF COMPLEX ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
Authors: Юсупова Алина , Yusupova Alina , Герасимова Лариса , Gerasimova Larisa , Усманова Ирина , Usmanova Irina , Гадиуллин Альберт , Gadiullin Albert
Published: October 2019

Subject. A sufficiently sensitive, high-resolution method of laser doppler flowmetry is used to characterize the сlaudication in the oral mucous membrane and periodontal tissues. This method makes it possible to detect early changes in the microcirculatory bloodstream and predict the course of chronic apical periodontitis. With the help of the method of laser doppler fluorometry, a comparative monitoring of the microcirculatory bloodstream of the mucous membrane of the transitory fold in the area of intact teeth and teeth with chronic apical periodontal was carried out.

The aim of this study was efficiency determination of complex endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis on the basis of monitoring the state of microcirculation of the mucous membrane in the transitory fold of the studied teeth.

Methodology. Control group consisted of 55 patients with chronic apical periodontitis, and 20 patients with intact teeth aged 20 to 30 years old who underwent the analysis of microcirculation of the mucous membrane of the transitional fold of the studied teeth using laser doppler flowmetry (LDF).

Results. The indicators IM, Kv, Q among 20 patients with intact teeth examined with the method of laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) were taken as normal. Studied parameters are significantly lower than normal in 55 patients with chronic apical periodontitis. In case of patients with chronic apical periodontitis, the inclusion of complex composed of the root canal system treatment by diode laser and the insertion into the root canal trombocytic autoplasma and its injection in projection of the root end in the protocol of endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis helps to normalize microcirculation in the mucosa of the transitory folds of the investigated teeth.

Summary. The study of the dynamics of the complex of endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis showed its high efficiency (p≤0.001).