bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D printable biomimetic rod with superior buckling resistance designed by machine learning
Authors: Challapalli Adithya , Li Guoqiang
Published: November 2020

Our mother nature has been providing human beings with numerous resources to inspire from, in building a finer life. Particularly in structural design, plenteous notions are being drawn from nature in enhancing the structural capacity as well as the appearance of the structures. Here plant stems, roots and various other structures available in nature that exhibit better buckling resistance are mimicked and modeled by finite element analysis to create a training database. The finite element analysis is validated by uniaxial compression to buckling of 3D printed biomimetic rods using a polymeric ink. After feature identification, forward design and data filtering are conducted by machine learning to optimize the biomimetic rods. The results show that the machine learning designed rods have 150% better buckling resistance than all the rods in the training database, i.e., better than the nature’s counterparts. It is expected that this study opens up a new opportunity to design engineering rods or columns with superior buckling resistance such as in bridges, buildings, and truss structures.
Mycoprotein ingredient structure reduces lipolysis and binds bile salts during simulated gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Colosimo Raffaele , Mulet-Cabero Ana-Isabel , Warren Frederick J. , Edwards Cathrina H. , Finnigan Tim J. A. , Wilde Pete J.
Published: November 2020

Mycoprotein is an ingredient used in meat replacement products that reduces lipolysis and binds bile salts during simulated gastrointestinal digestion.
Vortex fluidics mediated non-covalent physical entanglement of tannic acid and gelatin for entrapment of nutrients
Authors: Cao Xuejiao , Joseph Nikita , Jellicoe Matt , Al-Antaki Ahmed Hussein Mohammed , Luo Xuan , Su Dongxiao , He Shan , Raston Colin
Published: November 2020

We have developed a simple process for the entrapment of nutrients in shear stress induced non-covalent physically entangled tannic acid-gelatin gel in a thin film vortex fluidic device (VFD) operating under continuous flow.
Correction: A two-dimensional metallosupramolecular framework design based on coordination crosslinking of helical oligoamide nanorods
Authors: West Norton G. , Seoudi Rania S. , Barlow Anders J. , Qi Dongchen , Puskar Ljiljana , Del Borgo Mark P. , Kulkarni Ketav , Adda Christopher G. , Pan Jisheng , Aguilar Marie-Isabel , Perlmutter Patrick , Mechler Adam
Published: November 2020

Correction for ‘A two-dimensional metallosupramolecular framework design based on coordination crosslinking of helical oligoamide nanorods’ by Norton G. West et al., Mater. Adv., 2020, 1, 1134–1141, DOI: 10.1039/D0MA00123F.
Origin of the enhanced photocatalytic activity of (Ni, Se, and B) mono- and co-doped anatase TiO2 materials under visible light: a hybrid DFT study
Authors: Ibrahim Hanan H. , Mohamed Adel A. , Ibrahim Ismail A. M.
Published: November 2020

Hybrid DFT calculations demonstrate that Ni, Se4+ and Se2− mono-doped and Ni/Se4+ co-doped TiO2 are potential photocatalysts for water splitting and hydrogen production.
Polyphenylsilsesquioxanes. New structures–new properties
Authors: Temnikov Maxim N. , Muzafarov Aziz M.
Published: November 2020

The review describes the synthesis and properties of various forms of polyphenylsilsesquioxane (PPSQ).
Study of the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis on nano-precipitated iron-based catalysts with different particle sizes
Authors: Han Zhonghao , Qian Weixin , Ma Hongfang , Wu Xian , Zhang Haitao , Sun Qiwen , Ying Weiyong
Published: November 2020

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis of nano iron-based catalysts with different particle sizes were prepared by a precipitated method.
Improved sliding‐mode control for MMC in DC power system
Authors: Li Bin , Xie Yingzhou , Wen Weijie , Guan Tianyi
Published: November 2020

The modular multi‐level converter based direct current (MMC‐DC) power system is a dynamic equilibrium system, and the control of MMC is quite important to realise instantaneous balance of active and reactive power. Until now, the control architecture with outer‐loop, inner‐loop and circulating current controllers is widely used for MMCs in the DC power system, and these controllers are required to have excellent dynamic response and robustness. However, controllers based on existing proportional–integral (PI) control or conventional sliding‐mode control (SMC) have unsatisfactory performances. Therefore, an improved SMC method is proposed in this study for inner‐loop and circulating current controllers. Compared with PI and conventional SMC, the improved SMC has better dynamic response and robustness performance and can suppress chattering phenomenon substantially. The simulation model of a four‐terminal MMC‐DC system is established in power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC), based on which, comparison between PI control, conventional SMC and the improved SMC under typical working conditions, e.g. steady state, large disturbances of power step, is conducted, and the feasibility and superiorities of the improved SMC are verified.
Very Large Array observations of the mini-halo and AGN feedback in the Phoenix cluster
Authors: Timmerman R. , van Weeren R. J. , McDonald M. , Ignesti A. , McNamara B. R. , Hlavacek-Larrondo J. , Röttgering H. J. A.
Published: November 2020

Context. The relaxed cool-core Phoenix cluster (SPT-CL J2344-4243) features an extremely strong cooling flow, as well as a mini halo. Strong star formation in the brightest cluster galaxy indicates that active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback has been unable to inhibit this cooling flow.

Aims. We aim to study the strong cooling flow in the Phoenix cluster by determining the radio properties of the AGN and its lobes. In addition, we used spatially resolved radio observations to investigate the origin of the mini halo.

Methods. We present new multifrequency Very Large Array 1–12 GHz observations of the Phoenix cluster, which resolve the AGN and its lobes in all four frequency bands as well as the mini-halo in the L and S bands.

Results. Using our L-band observations, we measure the total flux density of the radio lobes at 1.5 GHz to be 7.6 ± 0.8 mJy, and the flux density of the mini halo to be 8.5 ± 0.9 mJy. Using high-resolution images in the L and X bands, we produced the first spectral index maps of the lobes from the AGN and find the spectral indices of the northern and southern lobes to be −1.35 ± 0.07 and −1.30 ± 0.12, respectively. Similarly, using L- and S-band data, we mapped the spectral index of the mini halo, and obtain an integrated spectral index of α = −0.95 ± 0.10.

Conclusions. We find that the mini halo is most likely formed by turbulent re-acceleration powered by sloshing in the cool core due to a recent merger. In addition, we find that the feedback in the Phoenix cluster is consistent with the picture that stronger cooling flows are to be expected for massive clusters such as this one, as these may feature an underweight supermassive black hole due to their merging history. Strong time variability of the AGN on Myr timescales may help explain the disconnection between the radio and the X-ray properties of the system. Finally, a small amount of jet precession of the AGN likely contributes to the relatively low intracluster medium re-heating efficiency of the mechanical feedback.
Monitoring of the Petrogenically Polluted Territories
Authors: Hajiyeva S.R. , Gadirova E.M.
Published: November 2020

Environmental monitoring has been carried out in the regions of Azerbaijan, chemical analysis of crude oils taken from Siyazan and May 28 has been counducted, and the degree of oil contamination of these areas has been determined. At the same time, the offshore waters of Mardakan and Gunashli regions have been taken and organic toxic substances have been identified in its content with the help of chromatographic analysis.
A cataluminescence sensor for the detection of trichloroethylene based on PEG200/ZnO nanocomposite
Authors: Cai Xinli , Liu Fei , Pan Fakang , Sun Bai , Xu Fangwen , Tang Zhuo , Zhang Jie , Cheng Yunming , Liu Jinyun , Meng Fanli , Zhu Shuguang
Published: November 2020

The content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere will endanger the health and safety of human beings which makes it very important to develop a simple and rapid method for the determination of gas pollutants. Based on this, a new type of gas sensor was proposed for the detection of trichloroethylene in air. PEG200/ZnO nanocomposite were prepared by hydrothermal method. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy spectrum and fourier infrared spectrum. The high selectivity of the materials was verified by using the cataluminescence (CTL) intensity of 9 kinds of VOCs on the surface of the materials as a reference. The results show that trichloroethylene can produce CTL response on the surface of PEG200/ZnO nanocomposite. Temperature, air flow rate and detector concentration all have certain effects on the CTL intensity. By comparing the CTL intensity under different reaction conditions, it is found that the suitable temperature and air flow rate are 120 °C, 180 mL/min and there is a good linear relationship between the relative CTL intensity and the concentration of the detected substance (y = 28.588 x - 285.56, R=0.9593). The gas sensor has the advantage of rapid response, and trichloroethylene can produce the maximum CTL on the surface of the material within 3 ~ 5 s.
Choice of structural and technological solutions for engineering preparation of bases for foundations
Authors: Klebanyuk Dzmitry , Poyta Peter , Shvedovsky Peter
Published: November 2020

The object of the research is a comprehensive assessment of the choice of structural and technological solutions for the engineering preparation of soil foundations using the methods of dynamic compaction with heavy rammers. It is proposed in the studies to choose the optimal solution according to the criteria of both efficiency and preference with sequential or selective implementation of certain target groups: multipurpose choice from a set of goals; optimization on a set of conditions and in dynamics; multi-vector optimization, etc. Location of the options according to preference, the main directions for optimizing the options for constructive and technological solutions and the best option for the engineering preparation of the base for the foundations were identified on the basis of the proposed method for the experimental site.
Properties of basalt fiber sulfo-aluminate modified cement binders
Authors: Paulava Inessa
Published: November 2020

The present paper considers the influence of basalt fiber method of addicting in to self-stressing concrete, modified by sulfoaluminate type expansive additive, on main properties of concrete. The use of basalt fiber and expansive additive together allows to obtain a composite with optimal structure and high-quality properties. The combined application allows to achieve several effects such as filling effect, pozzolanic effect and dispersed reinforcement effect (due to chaotic fiber distribution in the concrete composite structure and needle-shaped crystal of ettringite micro reinforcement). Use of even small amount of basalt fiber due to disintegration on a great amount of monofilaments with a great specific surface leads to an increase in concrete composite tensile strength due to spatial dispersed reinforcement effect and changing fracture toughness There is also an effect of simultaneous expansion due to adding an expansive additive and strengthening achieved by binding effect of basalt fiber as a dispersion-reinforcing element. The maximum amount of basalt fiber in the research is limited by 4% to prevent full percolation effect, but at the same time to provide the formation of filament spatial skeleton in the concrete structure. In this study are considered the changes of properties of the concrete composite with different degrees of expansion and self-stressing (varied by energy-activity and amount of sulfo-aluminate expansive additive). In the article the most optimal basalt fiber addicting method in the concrete mix is proposed, preferences and influence degree of this method on strength properties are determined. The integral use of the modifying expansive agent makes it possible to predict an increase in impermeability due to chemical-mechanical reinforcement of the structure, which results in durability of this type of concrete. This predetermines a perspective range of their applications in various kinds of structures including those with high serviceability.
Experience of practices of urban territorial Planning of Belarus
Authors: Panchenko Tatyana
Published: November 2020

Rapid urbanization is one of the most significant global trends in an increasingly interconnected world. This means a new global approach to assessing the role of cities in the economy, climate change, use and consumption of natural resources as well as their contribution to social and innovative development. Globalization and large-scale urbanization, combined with smart technologies, are rapidly changing the world around us, the structure of economic activity and the way people live. After the publication in 1987 the report “Our Common Future” by the UN World Commission on Environment and Development, the conference in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and other international initiatives by 2008 declarations, framework directives, strategies and methodologies for sustainable development and the creation of “green” economy were adopted.

Taking into account the historically high level of urbanization in our country (70.08% of the population lives in cities) [1], in recent years, legislative instruments of the local (city) level, aimed at using the tools of integrated territorial planning, have begun to form. The article describes the experience of urban territorial planning practices in Novogrudok, Polotsk, Novopolotsk and Brest for which local strategic documents of a new type have now been developed: “Green Urban Development Plans” and the Concept of Smart Sustainable Development.
Experience in conducting field tests of metal structural constructions of coatings of the “BrSTU”
Authors: Shalabyta Mikalai , Shuryn Andrei , Shalabyta Tatsiana , Dragan Viacheslav
Published: November 2020

There are quite often statically complex structures, the reliability of theoretical calculations of which needs experimental verification in the world practice of design and construction. Studies of building structures functioning can be full-scale or carried out on their models in laboratory conditions depending on the goals set. Full-scale tests of building structures are more expensive, therefore, their implementation requires a special approach and justification.

However, to check the operation of complex, critical structures which primarily include metal spatial large-span structures of coatings of buildings and structures especially those used for the first time to assess their bearing capacity, to establish the degree of participation in the construction of each of the elements, to study the operation of individual new nodal elements etc., only full-scale tests are required.
On developing an automatic control system for the dump conveyor of a wheel excavator
Authors: Liberman Yakov , Lukashuk Olga
Published: November 2020

One of the main ways to increase the rotary excavator productivity is to automate excavator operation. The article presents an automatic speed adjustment system for the stacking conveyor belt of a trench rotary excavator. It is shown that the automated control system will allow taking into account the rotor actual rotation speed and the bucket fill factor, processing data and solving tasks of the excavator operation automatic control in excavation mode. The represented automated control system will ensure the conveyor operation with the necessary, but not maximum speed. Therefore, the conveyor will not work “in vain”, that, in its turn, will reduce operating costs including energy.
Investigation of the suspension of vehicles moving on stone roads
Authors: Vakhidov Umar , Makarov Vladimir , Klubnichkin Vladislav , Klubnichkin Evgeny , Belyakov Vladimir
Published: November 2020

The paper studies the problem of traffic on mountain roads of natural origin. A mathematical model of a natural stone road is presented, the paper demonstrates also diagrams of “floodplain surface vs. support bed slope” correlation function. The calculation of the ride comfort of vehicles utilizes a four-mass model. Calculation results are demonstrated for a GAZ-3308 truck, as well as for a vehicle with half the suspension rate. The result obtained shows 30-50% reduction of the vibration load at a suspension rate reduction by 50%, dependent on the road type. The travel speed can be increased by 45% dependent on the road type and driver’s work time.
Automatic Control of Rail Freight Transport
Authors: Legkiy N. M.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we have analyzed the results of development and implementation of an automatic identification system for the railroad freight cars intended to run on the Russian Railways. This identifier complies with the requirements of ISO 10374 standard and has improved performance in comparison to its prototypes.
Formation of management mechanisms for network planning of the transport system of the region
Authors: Novikov A. N. , Shevtsova A. G. , Eremin S. V.
Published: November 2020

A network for a large transport complex can consist of hundreds and thousands of jobs. Before creating a network, the people responsible for the schedule should think about how to highlight the most difficult parts of it. Therefore, the planning center developing the network schedule must study the designs of structures, establish the manufacturability of building structures, a list of the main technological equipment, the load of the organizations involved in the construction and determine the labor intensity of the main work. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to develop scientific and methodological approaches to the formation of management mechanisms for network planning of the transport system of the region.
Analysis and design solutions for a 4x4 ATV with an electromechanical transmission
Authors: Evseev Kirill , Dyakov Alexey , Pushtakov Vadim
Published: November 2020

The article provides a review and analysis of the current state of development of 4x4 ATVs and the scope of the developed ATV, a comparison of ATVs with mechanical and electromechanical transmissions, as well as their technical characteristics. The selection and justification of the design solutions for a 4x4 ATV with an electromechanical transmission are given on the basis of the following electric drive schemes considered in the article: “Electric motor instead of ICE”, “Motor axis”, “Electric motor-half axis”. The general design solutions of the ATV being developed is also presented based on the selected electric drive scheme.
Adhesion resistance of nanocoatings of tool working surfaces
Authors: Frolenkova Larissa , Tarapanov Alexander , Selemenev Michael , Novikov Alexander , Selemeneva Elena
Published: November 2020

To increase the strength, reliability, durability of the cutting tool, various wear-resistant coatings are applied to its cutting part. At the same time, under cutting conditions, it is necessary to ensure a high degree of adhesion of the coating to this part of the tool. The paper presents theoretical aspects that make it possible to select the operating modes of the tool that preserve the integrity of the “coating-base” system.
Using fractal characteristics to analyze the development of whole-rolled wheel destruction
Authors: Kononov Dmitry , Gubenko Svetlana , Ivanov Igor , Urushev Sergey
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Determination of mechanical characteristics of wheel steel by analyzing the development of destruction of solid-rolled wheels. Methods: Determination of the crack resistance of all-rolled wheels by testing samples from wheel steel for off-center tension with an edge crack, fractal parametrization of the fracture relief by processing the fracture photo using the R/S analysis method for fracture sections, which allows determining both the total fractal dimension of the fracture (the average for all sections), and in a specific area where there are changes in the fracture morphology. Construction of the dependence of the crack resistance parameter on the fractal dimension. Results: The possibility of analyzing wheel steel fractures by studying their fractal dimension is determined. A method of fractal parametrization of the wheel steel fracture relief is developed, which allows to obtain the value of the fractal dimension in different directions of crack growth. The fractal dimension of wheel steel is determined for different hardness values (after annealing and after thermal improvement). The dependence of the fractal dimension on the ductility characteristics of wheel steel is revealed: the lower the ductility characteristics (elongation, relative contraction) and, accordingly, the higher the hardness, the lower the value of the fractal dimension. The dependence of the fractal dimension on the coefficient of crack resistance of wheel steel KIC is determined, which makes it possible to predict the crack resistance of wheel steel depending on the fractal dimension of the fracture, as well as to judge the nature of the fracture – brittle, viscous or fatigue. Practical significance: The use of fractal fracture parameterization avoids time-consuming tests when determining the mechanical characteristics of wheel steel, as well as to determine the mechanical properties in the case when other methods are no longer applicable (small sample sizes).
Influence of rare earth elements on the structure and properties of powders based on zirconium dioxide during consolidation
Authors: Oglezneva Svetlana A. , Kachenyuk Maxim N. , Smetkin Andrey A. , Kul’met’eva Valentina B.
Published: November 2020

Zirconium oxide powders with different contents of REE concentrate (La, Nd, Pr) in an amount from 25 to 35 mol. % were synthesized by the method of reverse chemical deposition. The effect of the annealing temperature in the range of 600–1200 ° C on the phase transformations of the synthesized powders has been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the formation of REE zirconates with a pyrochlore structure occurs after annealing at a temperature of 1000 ° C. At higher annealing temperatures, the presence of tetragonal ZrO2 was noted in the samples with a lower concentrate content in the phase composition. A study of the influence of the sintering temperature of 1400-1600 °C on the densification processes, phase composition and microstructure of ceramic materials based on REE zirconates has been carried out. It has been shown that the densification processes proceed most slowly in a ceramic material with 35 mol.% of rare-earth oxides, and at all sintering temperatures it has a stable phase composition, consisting mainly of rare-earth zirconates with a pyrochlore structure.
Specifics of joint deformation of fibered composite and homogeneouos materials
Authors: Galkin V. I. , Paltievich A. R. , Galkin E. V.
Published: November 2020

The article describes the possibility of usage of drawing method for production of pipes of fibered composite AL-B. The authors suggest using a construction of drawing mill, where the material volume reduction is carried out on the floating plug. With an aim of quality improvement technological shell is used. There were examined the mechanisms of joint deforming of compact blank part and solid shell.
Modification of aluminum surfaces by supersonic plasma sputtering
Authors: Ilinykh Sergey , Krivorigova Anastasia , Ilinykh Nina , Gelchinski Boris , Leontiev Leopold
Published: November 2020

Surface engineering allows you to change the physical and chemical properties of the surface layers of materials by modifying or applying protective coatings using various methods. Plasma technologies are widely used in various branches of engineering to produce hardening, wear-resistant, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, protective and decorative and other types of coatings that significantly improve the performance properties of products. In this work the results of laboratory studies of the physical and mechanical properties of Ni-B-Cr-Si coatings deposited by supersonic plasma deposition on an aluminum substrate are presented. It is shown that the use of this method of modification of metal surfaces is advisable.
Influence of the composition and synthesis technology on the physical chemical and performance properties of foam materials
Authors: Galimov Engel , Galimova Nazirya , Sharafutdinova Elmira , Samoylov Vladimir , Danilov Egor
Published: November 2020

The comparative analysis of a combination of primary properties of foam materials made using the different starting components and technologies was made. According to the review of the literature and analysis of the experimental data, the paper shows a significant influence the starting components and process approaches have on the properties of the materials. The comparison of material properties revealed that the properties of syntactic carbon foams are higher than those of other porous materials, including metal foams, and comply with the specification.
Deformation and forces when compressing spherical particle
Authors: Fedyaev Vladimir , Faskhutdinov Marat , Sidorov Igor
Published: November 2020

Plastic deformation of a spherical particle under the action of a roller is considered. In order to obtain engineering evaluations, a number of assumptions are made. As a result, the relationships for calculating the lengths characterizing the dynamics of the dimensions change of the particle contact surfaces with the roller and the substrate over time are found. After that, the pressure and the compression forces acting on the particle are determined.
Eigenvibrations of a beam with two mechanical resonators attached to the ends
Authors: Koronova L. N. , Korosteleva D. M. , Levinskaya K. O. , Solov’ev S. I.
Published: November 2020

The fourth-order ordinary differential spectral problem describing vertical eigenvibrations of a beam with two mechanical resonators attached to the ends is studied. This problem has positive simple eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions. We define limit differential spectral problem and establish the convergence of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the original spectral problem to the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the limit spectral problem as parameters of the attached resonators tending to infinity. The initial fourth-order ordinary differential spectral problem is approximated by the finite difference method. Theoretical error estimates for approximate eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are derived. Obtained theoretical results are illustrated by computations for model problem with constant coefficients. Theoretical and experimental results of this paper can be developed for the problems on eigenvibrations of complex mechanical constructions with systems of resonators.
Analysis of the causes of destruction of gas pipelines
Authors: Volgina Natalya , Shulgin Aleksander , Khlamkova Svetlana , Sharipzyanova Guzel , Vorobyov Yakov
Published: November 2020

The analysis of causes of destruction of main gas pipelines for the last two decades is carried out. It is shown that the share of accidents because of corrosion cracking energized increases. The conclusion is drawn that inspection and repair of emergency sites has to become a paramount task. It will allow to reach considerable decrease in accident rate. At the same time the extent of emergency sites of gas pipelines with a diameter of 1420 mm is about 1700 km, 1220 mm – 1000 km; 1020 mm – 400 km that, generally, makes 2.3% of the total extent of gas pipelines of the corresponding diameters (1020-1420 mm).
Method of clad bead height evaluation based on analysis of laser impact area images
Authors: Chkalova Darya
Published: November 2020

The work is devoted to solving the problem of height estimating of clad bead, formed by laser powder cladding technology, by analyzing the images of processing area. A technique for evaluating of deposited structures geometry is shown by comparing the sharpness differences of individual sections of studied images. An optical scheme is described that makes it possible to assess the depth of field of obtain images based on automated data analysis.
Enhancing technology of producing secure IoT devices on the base of remote attestation
Authors: Desnitsky Vasily , Kotenko Igor
Published: November 2020

The goal of the work is to enhance the technological process for the production of components of integrated secure systems of the Internet of Things for solving problems of operational control and reaction in emergency situations. The most important requirement for such systems is the need to ensure the properties of reliability and security of software and hardware elements of the end devices, taking into account the specificity of such systems. To achieve the goal in the paper the mechanisms for protection of Android applications from the threats of integrity violation of the software and of critical data on the base of remote attestation principles are modeled. Analytical and experimental evaluations of the implemented protection components and the protocol of their interaction taking into account limitations on the computing and communication resources of the target device are performed.
Theory and design of an experimental intelligent plant for regulating plant productivity
Authors: Polenov Dmitry , Belyi Alexey
Published: November 2020

The article proposes to regulate the values of factors affecting the productivity of plants using an artificial intelligence device, the main element of which is a mathematical neuron. The installation is adaptive to the growing area of the investigated plant object. This increases its efficiency and increases the importance of plant productivity. A block diagram of the experimental setup, a general block diagram of the setup control algorithms have been developed, one of the options for using the experimental setup as a research system for identifying the most significant combinations of factors affecting plant productivity has been considered. To identify the most significant combinations of factors, algorithms based on generalized training algorithms for the Hebb neural network model were used, and a study was made of a model of an installation of four inputs with sigmoidal transfer functions.
Optimization of the anode shape for the electroplating coating on long thin-walled detail taking into account the ohmic potential drop
Authors: Solovjeva Inna , Solovjev Denis , Konkina Viktoriya , Litovka Yuri
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the problem of optimizing the anode shape to reduce the non-uniformity of the electroplating coating for a long thin- walled detail. An increase in the non-uniformity of the coating due to the ohmic potential drop in the electrodes body is characteristic of such details. The problem of optimizing the anode shape is formulated to minimize the non-uniformity of the electroplating coating. The mathematical model of the electroplating process has been developed, which takes into account the ohmic potential drop in the electrodes body. The problem of optimizing the anode shape is solved by the example of zinc electroplating process in an alkaline electrolyte, taking into account the ohmic potential drop in the electrodes body and without it.
Risk management in the organization of delivery of construction materials
Authors: Misanova Irina , Tarasov Dmitrij , Safronova Anastasia , Astafiev Alexey , Świekatowsky Ryszard
Published: November 2020

In the article, the authors consider the problem of identifying and assessing the risks that arise when organizing the delivery of construction goods using the example of one of the main materials - concrete mixture for transport and civil construction facilities. The relevance of this topic is due to the complexity and dynamism of the concrete mixture delivery system, during the functioning of which the emerging risks directly affect the quality of the supplied concrete mixture and technological processes. In this regard, the FMEA calculation and analytical method is propose, adapted to identify risks in the concrete mixture delivery system, which allows you to assess the criticality and significance of each identified type of risk (failure). Accounting, analysis and risk assessment constitute the toolkit of the risk management system - risk management - aimed at increasing the efficiency of business processes by reducing the likelihood of adverse events and minimizing possible losses. At the same time, risk management is directly relate to making management decisions, often in conditions of uncertainty. Thus, risk assessment and risk optimization is an important and complex task.
Determining the exponent of the unloading curve when flattening a sphere
Authors: Ogar Petr , Ugryumova Elena , Gorokhov Denis
Published: November 2020

To study the flattening of the sphere, it is proposed to use the kinetic indentation diagram by the plane. Given the known values of the reduced elastic modulus, applied force, maximum and residual deformation, it is possible to determine the contact area. It is indicated that in this regard, the exponent of the unloading curve of a pre-loaded sphere with a flat rigid surface plays an important role. The analysis of methods for determining the unloading curves of unloading for the finite element models, taking into account strain hardening, is carried out. It is shown that dependences of the unloading curves during flattening on the relative indentation in the form and the range of values differ from the similar ones during indentations of the sphere. The dependence between the exponents of the unloading curves for the force and for the area is determined. The range of correct use of the results of the finite element analysis of a hemisphere for rough surfaces is indicated. The exponent of the unloading curve after flattening the spherical segment from the half-space property is determined.
Automatic processing and analysis of the structural properties of bone tissue
Authors: Semenova Elena , Kharin Nikita , Bolshakov Pavel , Ivanova Anastasiya , Yaikova Viktoriya
Published: November 2020

The volumetric distribution of bone tissue can be analysed in terms of orthotropic medium. In this case, it is important to define the orthotropic directions. Nowadays, computed tomography methods allow getting such information. The method for automation such analysis is presented. Firstly, the threshold of binarization should be calculated. Then the sample should be meshed and each element should be binarized. After that fabric tensor, eigenvalues, eigenvectors and fractional anisotropy can be calculated for each element. Statistical methods were used to analyse the field of the obtained data. Described methods were used on a bone sample. It was shown that for a sample the fabric tensor is constant and the fractional anisotropy is close to zero. That’s means that the medium in the sample was isotropic.
Waste Co-Combustion with a Conventional Fossil Fuel on Power Plants
Authors: Bezuglov Roman , Papin Vladimir , Dyakonov Evgeniy , Veselovskaya Elena , Filimonov Vladimir
Published: November 2020

The paper has to shed light into understanding the waste useful and it has an aim to review about possibilities how to using different types of waste to generate energy. The paper highlighted the terms, that renewables it isn’t energy of the future but waste is – at least the future for the next hundred years. It’s very important to use waste by the right way, because of some current methods waste using have a low efficiency. There are several ways of using waste with pretreatment. Nowadays pretreatment includes torrefaction, pelletization, torrefaction of pellets (TOP) and wide spread around the world. It is necessary to compare economic indicators when you want to using some scenario. Using of waste can help us to reduce the pollutions and decrease load to an ambient. There are some advantages to using organic waste to generate energy – it can be considered as a fuel. But it also consists some negatives aspects such as low efficiency due to low thermal values (i.e. specific thermal capacity). Hence, waste using not so unequivocally as it seems at first sight. Thus, here is our understanding for this problem.
Formation of an optimal cement matrix for vibropress products
Authors: Romanenko Igor , Fadin Alexey , Petrovnina Irina , Romanenko Maria
Published: November 2020

Modern approaches to the formation of new generation concretes make it possible to replace part of the fine aggregate with finely ground mineral powders, which are by-products of metallurgical and chemical industries, the construction industry, as well as various substandard quartz sands. In the studies carried out, metallurgical slags (MS), broken glass (BG), dust from gas cleaning of metallurgical production (DGCMP), and ground quartz sand (GQS) were used. The aim of the study is to obtain an optimal flow rate of a hydraulic binder by forming an optimal cement matrix. The dosage of finely ground powders varied in the range of 20-49 % of the portland cement consumption. It has been established that the most acceptable finely ground mineral powders in compositions for the production of vibropress products are: quartz ground sand, metallurgical granulated slag of blast furnace production, gas cleaning dust and ground glass. Powders obtained on the basis of glass scrap can be considered as an additional raw material base in the production of materials for road-building purposes. Operational properties such as water absorption and the rate of concrete curing indicate their prospects. However, the economic costs of collecting, sorting glass, obtaining a powder with a specific surface area of 3000 cm2/g are not reasonable at this point in time.
Carbonate fine- grained concrete with enhanced internal energy dissipation properties
Authors: Belov Vladimir , Kuliaev Pavel , Barkaya Temur
Published: November 2020

In this paper, research is carried out in the field of application of carbonate fine filler and hyper- and superplasticizers for enhancing micro- level energy dissipation in fine-grained concrete. The joint effect of a hyper- and superplasticizing additive including limestone microfiller on the mechanical properties of fine-grained carbonate concrete has also been studied. The main parameter of concrete properties considered in this paper is stress intensity factor. It is determined in conducting incongruent tests of concrete samples-prisms for bending in accordance with the present standard.
Influence of limestone flour on properties of expanded clay concrete
Authors: Belov Vladimir , Kuliaev Pavel
Published: November 2020

The article enlightens the influence of limestone flour as a fine mineral additive on the physical and mechanical characteristics of expanded clay concrete. It was determined that when this component is applied in an amount of 5%, the strength increases by 16 %, and in combination with a hyperplasticizer– by 25% compared to a non-additive specimen. It is also worth noting that when the content of limestone flour is 10% by weight of cement, the performance values do not decrease.
Development and research of the cultivator frame design made of non-standard beams
Authors: Telegin Viktor , Telegin Igor
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of the development and study of the strength of the cultivator frame made of non-standard beams. The term “non-standard beam” refers to a off-sized beam welded from steel strips. As such stripes, both standard hot-rolled strips and strips cut from standard cold-rolled or hot-rolled sheets can be used. The main advantage of the proposed frame design is the relatively low cost and availability of materials for its manufacture, as well as the potential to minimize the weight of the finished product by changing the thickness and dimensions of the strips used. Frame design and calculations were performed by the Autodesk Inventor Professional environment.
Justification of the application type universal grain cleaning complex
Authors: Golovkov Aleksandr , Khamyev Victor , Knyazeva Inna , Boiko Andrey , Kelarev Valeriy
Published: November 2020

This article summarizes the results of research of the work of Russian universal mobile grain cleaning complex. The problem of grain processing and seed preparation can be solved by using a mobile grain cleaning complex, which allows to carry out all types of cleaning (preliminary, primary and secondary). Operational and technological assessment of universal mobile grain cleaning complexes was carried out in the farms of Voronezh region of Russia. The results of the tests showed that the mobile grain cleaning complexes of universal type MGC-30U, MGC-60U and MGC-100U on all operational and technological indicators, quality indicators of technological process and reliability indicators meet the requirements of Russian standards and will find application in small and medium-sized businesses specializing in the cultivation of cereals crops.
Fall für Vier – Gefangen
Authors: Ceballos-Baumann Andres , Schroeteler Frauke , Sporrer Wiebke , Manke Julia , Pichler Katharina
Published: November 2020

Sieben Jahre nach der Diagnose einer Parkinson-Erkrankung und der weitgehenden Rückbildung der Symptomatik unter einer Dopamin-Ersatztherapie kommt es bei Lehrer Karl Bauer zu Wirkungsschwankungen der Medikamente. Symptome wie Rigor und Bradyhypokinese treten wieder verstärkt auf. Unterstützung erhält er durch eine multimodale Komplextherapie.
Behandlungen virtuell trainieren – Forschungsprojekt SmartHands
Authors: Blumenröder Silke
Published: November 2020

Direkt am Patienten eine Behandlung zu üben, ist eine der wichtigsten Phasen in der physiotherapeutischen Ausbildung. Jetzt wollen Wissenschaftler in einem Forschungsprojekt analysieren, wie sich solche Therapieeinheiten virtuell simulieren lassen. Lernende können dann mit Datenbrillen in virtuellen Räumen trainieren, bevor sie real behandeln.
Standard-verändernde Neuigkeiten aus der internistischen Onkologie
Authors: Zschäbitz Stefanie , Busch Elena , Woydack Lena , Jäger Dirk
Published: November 2020

In den letzten Jahren haben Checkpoint-Inhibitoren und zielgerichtete Substanzen Einzug gehalten in die Behandlungs-Algorithmen zahlreicher Tumorentitäten. In Kombination mit klassischen Zytostatika oder auch als alleinige Therapie konnten onkologische Behandlungsergebnisse wie das progressionsfreie oder das Gesamtüberleben verbessert werden und dies häufig mit einem vorteilhaften Nebenwirkungsprofil. Darüber hinaus haben somatische und Keimbahnmutationen ebenfalls zunehmend Einfluss auf Behandlungsentscheidungen im Therapieplan onkologischer Patienten. Die sichere Anwendung von Immunoonkologika und zielgerichteten Therapien erfordert gut aufgeklärte Patienten und ein konzertiertes Behandlungsmanagement, um Toxizitäten früh erkennen und behandeln zu können. Im folgenden Artikel werden relevante, praxisverändernde Therapiestrategien für die internistische Onkologie beleuchtet.
Strahlentherapie bei malignen Lymphomen im Wandel
Authors: Herfarth Klaus
Published: November 2020

Maligne Lymphome sind primär eine Domäne der Systemtherapie. Nichtsdestotrotz hat die Strahlentherapie ihren Anteil insbesondere bei den frühen Stadien der indolenten Lymphome oder als Konsolidierung nach einer Chemotherapie. Die Indikationen zur Bestrahlung, das Ausmaß, die Dosis und die Technik der Bestrahlung von malignen Lymphomen haben sich in den letzten Jahren sehr geändert: Die Indikation ist spezifischer und die Bestrahlungen sind durch verschiedene Faktoren verträglicher geworden. Das sollte sich auch zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt bezüglich der Spätfolgen positiv auswirken. Der Artikel fasst die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre zusammen.
Standard Changing News in der Urologischen Onkologie 2020
Authors: Jentzmik Florian
Published: November 2020

Mit Einführung der Checkpoint-Inhibitoren hat sich die Therapielandschaft des metastasierten Urothelkarzinoms grundlegend verändert und verbessert. Ein völlig neuer Ansatz ist der Einsatz von Avelumab als Erhaltungstherapie bei Patienten mit lokal fortgeschrittenem oder metastasiertem Urothelkarzinom, die zumindest einen stabilen Krankheitsverlauf nach platinhaltiger Induktionstherapie hatten. In der JAVELIN bladder 100-Studie ereichte Avelumab + best supportive care (BSC) im Vergleich zur alleinigen BSC-Gruppe ein signifikant längeres Gesamtüberleben in den beiden primären Populationen aller randomisierten Patienten zum einen und Patienten mit PD-L1-positiven Tumoren zum anderen.

In der HERO-Studie war die Androgendeprivation mit dem neuen GnRH-Antagonisten Relugolix bei Männern mit metastasiertem oder lokal fortgeschrittenem Prostatakarzinom der Behandlung mit dem GnRH-Agonisten Leuprorelin in allen primären und sekundären Endpunkten überlegen. Das einmal täglich oral applizierbare Relugolix erzielte höhere anhaltende Kastrationsraten und senkte die Testosteron-Spiegel und den PSA-Wert rascher als das 3-monatlich subkutan injizierte Leuprorelin. Außerdem zeigten sich weniger kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen.

In der PROfound-Studie war der PARP-Inhibitor Olaparib bei Männern mit mCRPC und BRCA1/2 oder ATM-Genmutation im Vergleich zur Standardtherapie (AR-gerichtete Therapie mit Abirateron oder Enzalutamid) mit einem längeren progressionsfreien Überleben und einem besseren Therapieansprechen assoziiert.
Enantioselective Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction of Azlactones to Synthesize Quaternary α-Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Li Yi , Pan Hao , Li Wang-Yuren , Feng Xiaoming
Published: November 2020

An asymmetric organocatalytic nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of azlactones with electron-deficient aryls was established. A variety of α-aryl α-alkyl α-amino acid esters and peptides were obtained in decent yields and stereoselectivities. A new bifunctional catalytic mode involving charge-transfer interaction and hydrogen bonding is proposed to explain the enantioselectivity.