bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Imaging to monitor Anti-VEGF treatment of Corneal Vascularization in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Devarajan Kavya , Ong Hon Shing , Lwin Nyein C. , Chua Jacqueline , Schmetterer Leopold , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Ang Marcus
Published: November 2019

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a well-established non-invasive retinal vascular imaging technique. It has been recently adapted to image the anterior segment and has shown good potential to image corneal vascularisation. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the usefulness of OCTA to monitor regression of corneal vessels following anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) treatment using a previously established corneal vascularisation rabbit model. The regression of vessels following the treatment with aflibercept and ranibizumab anti-VEGFs using both topical instillation and sub-conjunctival injection was quantified using OCTA and compared with ICGA (indocyanine green angiography). Overall vessel density measurements using OCTA showed good correlation (r = 0.988, p < 0.001) with ICGA, with no significant difference between the two treatment groups (p = 0.795). It was also shown that OCTA provided good repeatability outcomes of the quantitative measurements. Using Bland-Altman plots, vessel growth density values between anti-VEGF treatments were compared to control saline group. It was observed that aflibercept provided longer lasting effect than ranibizumab. We also observed that in both drugs, the topical route of administration topical provided longer regression outcomes compared to one-time sub-conjunctival injection. Thereby, with this pilot study, it was demonstrated that OCTA is a reliable imaging technique to follow-up and monitor corneal vascularisation and its treatment quantitatively.
Anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody treatment ameliorates postoperative adhesion formation
Authors: Uyama Naoki , Tsutsui Hiroko , Wu Songtao , Yasuda Koubun , Hatano Etsuro , Qin Xian-Yang , Kojima Soichi , Fujimoto Jiro
Published: November 2019

Postoperative adhesion formation often ruins the quality of life or is an obstacle to illnesses with curative operation such as cancer. Previously we demonstrated that interferon-γ-promoted fibrin deposition drove postoperative adhesion formation. However, its underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We found that myofibroblasts of the adhesion predominantly expressed signature molecules of mesothelial cells that line the serosa. Microarray analysis revealed IL-6 as a key underlying player, supported by elevated IL-6 levels in the peritoneal fluid of post-laparotomy human subjects. Injured serosa of cecum-cauterized mice also exhibited induction of Il6, which was followed by Tnf, concomitant with rapid accumulation of neutrophils, substantial population of which expressed TGF-β1, a master regulator of fibrosis. Besides, neutrophil-ablated mice showed reduction in induction of the adhesion, suggesting that TGF-β1+neutrophils triggered the adhesion. Human neutrophils expressed TGFB1 in response to TNF-α and TNF in response to IL-6. Moreover, anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody abrogated neutrophil recruitment and adhesion formation. Thus, IL-6 signaling represents a potential target for the prevention of postoperative adhesions.
Co-delivery of dual chemo-drugs with precisely controlled, high drug loading polymeric micelles for synergistic anti-cancer therapy
Authors: Wu Yuchen , Lv Shixian , Li Yongjuan , He Hua , Ji Yong , Zheng Mingfeng , Liu Yong , Yin Lichen
Published: November 2019

The introduction of donor-receptor coordination between micelles and drug payloads provides a precise co-delivery strategy for two different chemo-drugs with high drug loading and ROS responsiveness.
Base-free Ni-catalyzed Suzuki-type cross-coupling reactions of epoxides with boronic acids
Authors: Lu Xiao-Yu , Yan Lu-Yu , Li Jin-Song , Li Jia-Mei , Zhou Hai-pin , Jiang Run-Chuang , Liu Chuang-Chuang , Lu Ran , Hu Rong
Published: November 2019

A Ni-catalyzed Suzuki-type cross-coupling of boronic acids with epoxides without an exogenous base and with broad substrate scope has been developed.
Synthesis of fluorinated amphoteric organoborons via iodofluorination of alkynyl and alkenyl MIDA boronates
Authors: Fan Wen-Xin , Li Ji-Lin , Lv Wen-Xin , Yang Ling , Li Qingjiang , Wang Honggen
Published: November 2019

The iodofluorination of alkynyl and alkenyl MIDA boronates led to the synthesis of fluorinated organoborons bearing a valuable C–I bond.
Efficient selective hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol to 2-butene-1,4-diol by silicon carbide supported platinum catalyst
Authors: Shu Miao , Shi Chuang , Yu Jing , Chen Xiao , Liang Changhai , Si Rui
Published: November 2019

The reduced platinum particles (2–3 nm) supported on silicon carbide are the active species for the selective hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol to 2-butene-1,4-diol.
Probing the effect ofortho-cycloalkyl ring size on activity and thermostability in cycloheptyl-fusedN,N,N-iron ethylene polymerization catalysts
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Zhang Wenjuan , Oleynik Ivan I. , Solan Gregory A. , Oleynik Irina V. , Liang Tongling , Sun Wen-Hua
Published: November 2019

The depicted iron(ii) precatalysts displayed exceptionally high activities for ethylene polymerization at temperatures of up 100 °C producing linear polyethylene with a wide range of molecular weights.
The synthesis of porous ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride for the ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in environmental water
Authors: Qu Binhong , Mu Zhiyuan , Liu Yang , Liu Yingsha , Yan Rui , Sun Jianhui , Zhang Zishu , Li Peng , Jing Liqiang
Published: November 2019

The porous ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets with strong adsorption capacity have been synthesized for the ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in water by the frequently neglected double-logarithmic Stern–Volmer equation.
Chronic oral exposure to glycated whey proteins increases survival of aged male NOD mice with autoimmune prostatitis by regulating the gut microbiome and anti-inflammatory responses
Authors: Chen Yingjia , Guo Kevin M. , Nagy Tamas , Guo Tai L.
Published: November 2019

Glycated whey proteins modulate the gut microbiome and are anti-inflammatory in aged male NOD mice.
Potential roles of dietary flavonoids from Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. in atherosclerosis development
Authors: Shen Chun-Yan , Lin Jia-Jun , Jiang Jian-Guo , Wang Tian-Xing , Zhu Wei
Published: November 2019

Dietary consumption of flavonoids correlated positively with lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
Wireless, passive strain sensor in a doughnut-shaped contact lens for continuous non-invasive self-monitoring of intraocular pressure
Authors: M. Kouhani M. Hossein , Wu Jiajia , Tavakoli Arman , Weber Arthur J. , Li Wen
Published: November 2019

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness and real-time monitoring of intraocular pressure is of great demand. We present a stretchable sensor inside a contact lens capable of monitoring change in the curvature of cornea caused by IOP fluctuations.
Design of protein-based “turn on” molecular probes for intracellular bond cleavage
Authors: Sorkin Michelle R. , Walker Joshua A. , Ledesma Francis , Torosian Nicole P. , Alabi Christopher A.
Published: November 2019

A novel “turn on” fluorescent probe enabled analysis of the relative rates of intracellular disulfide and dipeptide bond cleavage.
Can the HRP–ACAC binary system initiate acrylamide polymerisation?
Authors: Wang Wenda , Fan Xuerong , Wang Qiang , Xu Jin , Wang Lili , Liu Lipeng , Bao Xueming
Published: November 2019

This paper describes for the first time that the polymerization of vinyl monomers was initiated by the HRP/ACAC binary system.
Glutenin-directed gold nanoclusters employed for assaying vitamin B1
Authors: Liu Jie , Gan Lanlan , Yang Xiaoming
Published: November 2019

Herein, glutenin-directed gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@Glu) with the red-fluorescence have been originally synthesized. Moreover, AuNCs@Glu could be employed to assay vitamin B1.
Broadband white light emission from one-dimensional zigzag edge-sharing perovskite
Authors: Jung Mi-Hee
Published: November 2019

We reported 1D (AMP)PbBr4and (AMP)PbCl4perovskites, which consisted of the 1D zigzag edge-sharing [PbBr42−(or PbCl42−)]∞infinite inorganic chains with AMP2+cations, for the white-light emission.
Metal-free late-stage C(sp2)–H functionalization ofN-aryl amines with various sodium salts
Authors: Mudithanapelli Chandrashekar , Kim Mi-hyun
Published: November 2019

Metal-free consecutive C(sp2)–X (X = Cl, Br, S, N) bond formations ofN-aryl amines (cyclic, fused, carbamate, and aminium radicals) were achieved under mild conditions using PIFA and simple nonharmful sodium salts.
Nanoscale magnetic and charge anisotropies at manganite interfaces
Authors: Carreira Santiago J. , Aguirre Myriam H. , Briatico Javier , Steren Laura B.
Published: November 2019

Nanoscale variation of antiferromagnetic and charge anisotropies has been found at manganite interfaces with an artificially created Sr-doping.
Rapid screening and quantification of multi-class antibiotic pollutants in water using a planar waveguide immunosensor
Authors: Zhang Tianmu , Li Yijun , Chen Chunfei , Liu Xiaoping , Tian Yan , Zeng Siyu , He Miao
Published: November 2019

We present a method for simultaneous screening and quantitative detection of multi-class antibiotics in real water using planar waveguide immunosensors.
Enhanced resistance to calcium poisoning on Zr-modified Cu/ZSM-5 catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3
Authors: Xue Hongyan , Meng Tao , Liu Fangfang , Guo Xiaoming , Wang Shengdong , Mao Dongsen
Published: November 2019

After calcium impregnation, NOx conversion over the Cu/Z catalyst decreased by 11.3–24.3%, while that over Zr0.10/Cu/Z only decreased by 3.8–12.2%.
The influence of covalent and non-covalent functionalization of GNP based nanofluids on its thermophysical, rheological and suspension stability properties
Authors: Hussein Omar A. , Habib Khairul , Saidur R. , Muhsan Ali S. , Shahabuddin Syed , Alawi Omer A.
Published: November 2019

Covalent functionalization (CF-GNPs) and non-covalent functionalization (NCF-GNPs) approaches were applied to prepare graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs).
Mechanistic insight into the improved Li ion conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes
Authors: Patra Sudeshna , Thakur Pallavi , Soman Bhaskar , Puthirath Anand B. , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Mogurampelly Santosh , Karthik Chethan V. , Narayanan Tharangattu N.
Published: November 2019

The studies shown here prove that both the Li salt and ‘inert-polymer’ mixing have paramount importance in the tunability of Li ion conductivity in solid electrolytes for batteries.
Mixing–demixing transition in polymer-grafted spherical nanoparticles
Authors: Yatsyshin Peter , Fytas Nikolaos G. , Theodorakis Panagiotis E.
Published: November 2019

Polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) can provide property profiles than cannot be obtained individually by polymers or nanoparticles (NPs).
Intermolecular cyclic polysulfides as cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries
Authors: Li Fengli , Si Yubing , Li Zhongjun , Guo Wei , Fu Yongzhu
Published: November 2019

Intermolecular cyclic polysulfides are synthesized and used as cathode materials in rechargeable lithium batteries. Their intriguing redox reactions are revealed.
Controlling the ambipolarity of thieno-benzo-isoindigo polymer-based transistors: the balance of face-on and edge-on populations
Authors: Lee Jungho , Shin Eun-Sol , Kim Yeon-Ju , Noh Yong-Young , Yang Changduk
Published: November 2019

The asymmetric cyclic amide structure of thieno-benzo-isoindigo (TBIG) is introduced for the series of TBIG-based polymers, and their fundamental characteristics in terms of the organic field-effect transistor mobilities are investigated.
Enantiomerism, diastereomerism and thermochromism in two Cu7I4 cluster-based coordination polymers
Authors: Liao Wei-Ming , Li Xiang-Nan , Zeng Qi , Zhong Yuan-Hui , Yin Ye-Gao , He Jun
Published: November 2019

Reactions of CuI and 5-(3-pyridyl)tetrazole in CH3CN and n-BuOH/NH3·H2O gave, respectively, the dual-channel emissive coordination polymers, 1 as a conglomerate of enantiomers and 2 as a meso condensate, which exhibits thermochromic luminescence.
Sleep Promotes Phonological Learning in Children Across Language and Autism Spectra
Authors: Knowland Victoria C. P. , Fletcher Fay , Henderson Lisa-Marie , Walker Sarah , Norbury Courtenay F. , Gaskell M. Gareth
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Establishing stable and flexible phonological representations is a key component of language development and one which is thought to vary across children with neurodevelopmental disorders affecting language acquisition. Sleep is understood to support the learning and generalization of new phonological mappings in adults, but this remains to be examined in children. This study therefore explored the time course of phonological learning in childhood and how it varies by structural language and autism symptomatology.

Method

Seventy-seven 7- to 13-year-old children, 30 with high autism symptomatology, were included in the study; structural language ability varied across the sample. Children learned new phonological mappings based on synthesized speech tokens in the morning; performance was then charted via repetition (without feedback) over 24 hr and followed up 4 weeks later. On the night following learning, children's sleep was monitored with polysomnography.

Results

A period of sleep but not wake was associated with improvement on the phonological learning task in childhood. Sleep was associated with improved performance for both trained items and novel items. Structural language ability predicted overall task performance, though language ability did not predict degree of change from one session to the next. By contrast, autism symptomatology did not explain task performance. With respect to sleep architecture, rapid eye movement features were associated with greater phonological generalization.

Conclusions

Children's sleep was associated with improvement in performance on both trained and novel items. Phonological generalization was associated with brain activity during rapid eye movement sleep. This study furthers our understanding of individual differences in the acquisition of new phonological mappings and the role of sleep in this process over childhood.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11126732
Dual‐input and triple‐output boost hybrid converter suitable for grid‐connected renewable energy sources
Authors: Mohana Kishore Pinjala , Bhimasingu Ravikumar
Published: November 2019

In grid‐connected distributed energy system, power converters are used to integrate different renewable sources and loads. If the number of sources/loads increases, the number of converters/conversions are required. Because of more conversions and operations, the conversion efficiency decreases, and it is difficult to control load/source parameters independently. In order to overcome the problems associated with the integration of multiple sources and loads, this study proposes a dual‐input and triple‐output boost hybrid converter (DTBHC) with independent control. The dual input ports of the proposed converter can be used to connect two different dc voltage sources. Triple output ports of the proposed converter can be used to connect ac grid, ac local loads, and dc local loads. These load voltages are regulated by using carrier‐based modified sinusoidal pulse‐width modulation (CBMSPWM) technique in order to control the dc and the ac loads independently with respect to sources. The DTBHC with CBMSPWM control is simulated using a MATLAB/Simulink validated using FPGA controlled laboratory prototype. The validation of the proposed converter is carried out with variation of load current, different input voltages to generate stable ac output voltages (same as well as different frequencies).
Analysis and design of single‐stage, two‐mode AC/DC converters for on‐board battery charging applications
Authors: Praneeth Ammanamanchi Venkata Jaya Sai , Williamson Sheldon S.
Published: November 2019

On‐board battery chargers (OBCs) offer the feasibility of charging electric vehicles or plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles with a standard household power supply. In this study, an OBC using two‐mode topology (step‐up or step‐down) is presented. One of the main concern with two‐mode topologies is the hard transitions of the converter operating from boost mode to buck mode or vice versa, which can deteriorate the performance of converter. This study provides smooth transitions between the modes and can have an output that could be more or less than the peak of input voltage. The detailed analysis of operating modes involved in the converter are analysed in the study. Moreover, the stress analysis on the components is also detailed in this study and the results are compared with existing two‐mode converters. A simple dual‐loop control structure with the proposed modulation technique eliminates the sub‐harmonic oscillations and stabilizes the output voltage is also presented in the study. Experimental validation is performed for a 1.0 kW laboratory prototype and the results obtained are detailed in the study. This proposed converter topology can be applied as a single‐stage OBC or as a power factor correction converter with variable DC link voltages in isolated two‐stage OBC.
GPIO‐based rail pressure control for diesel high pressure common rail injection system
Authors: Wang Jiapeng , Sun Hao , Dai Chen , Li Shihua
Published: November 2019

The rail pressure control in diesel high‐pressure common rail (HPCR) system is considered as one of the key issues for precise control of fuel injection. This study investigates the application of generalised proportional integral observer (GPIO)‐based control in diesel HPCR system. Firstly, a non‐linear mathematical model of HPCR system which uses the metering unit as the actuator is established based on hydromechanics under some proper simplifications. Secondly, a GPIO is developed to estimate the mismatched disturbance caused by the injection process. Then a composite controller combining GPIO and backstepping control method is designed. By introducing the disturbance estimations into the control design process, the disturbance rejection capability of the system is promisingly enhanced. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is validated by the simulation results.
Classification of rice planthoppers based on shape descriptors
Authors: Zhu Saihua , Zhang Junyuan , Lin Xiangze , Liu Deying
Published: November 2019

Here, classification of rice planthopper (RPH) based on shape descriptors was addressed to solve the low semantics problem of shape features in traditional RPH (mainly including the whiteback planthopper (Sogatella furcifera (Horváth)), the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)), and the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén))) image classification research. Images of RPH were obtained from rice field by an automatic insect image acquisition device made by ourselves and insect images were divided into single images based on OTSU threshold segmentation algorithm. In terms of the images of RPH after segmentation, Fourier descriptors and Hu moments, which are from two aspects of contour curve and shape area, were extracted to describe shape features of RPH. Then, random forest (RF), an ensemble learning algorithm, was used as the classifier to distinguish RPH efficiently. The optimal number of trees and prediction variables of RF are chosen to be 150 and 4, respectively, by minimising the out‐of‐bag error. Experimental results show that classification accuracy of RPH based on shape descriptors reaches up to 93.93%. Therefore, it has been verified that the classification with the method presented here is accurate and semantic.
DNN identification and fault‐tolerant control for non‐linear systems with unknown faults
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Gu Xiang , Shen Hong , Yi Yang
Published: November 2019

In this study, dynamical neural networks (DNNs) are used as an online identifier for a class of non‐linear systems with unknown actuator faults. By integrating the designed non‐linear FD observer with adaptive regulation algorithm, the parameter coupling problem in DNNs can be successfully solved and the unknown actuator fault can be rejected simultaneously. Based on Lyapunov theory and convex optimisation algorithm, both the observation error and the identification error can be proved to convergent to zero. Finally, simulation examples for the non‐linear systems with actuator fault are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Elevator speed control method based on wireless sensor network
Authors: Zhang Xu‐Tao , Zhang Jian‐Hua , Hu Ying , Dou Cheng‐Long
Published: November 2019

The control of elevator running speed, real‐time, and reliable transmission is the key parameters of the elevator, the traditional elevator speed control method cannot ensure the real‐time reliability of elevator transmission parameters, reduce the elevator speed control accuracy. For this reason, a new elevator speed control method based on wireless sensor network is proposed. Introduces the wireless sensor network, gives the car terminal sensor node design process. The operating principle of the elevator is analysed, and the speed curve of the ideal elevator is obtained under the condition of satisfying the high efficiency and comfort. The elevator speed is regarded as the feedback signal, and the fuzzy proportion integral differential (PID) control of the elevator speed is completed through the deviation and deviation change rate between the ideal speed curve and the ideal speed curve. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high control accuracy and good robustness.
Asteroid mass estimation with the robust adaptive Metropolis algorithm
Authors: Siltala L. , Granvik M.
Published: November 2019

Context. The bulk density of an asteroid informs us about its interior structure and composition. To constrain the bulk density, one needs an estimated mass of the asteroid. The mass is estimated by analyzing an asteroid’s gravitational interaction with another object, such as another asteroid during a close encounter. An estimate for the mass has typically been obtained with linearized least-squares methods, despite the fact that this family of methods is not able to properly describe non-Gaussian parameter distributions. In addition, the uncertainties reported for asteroid masses in the literature are sometimes inconsistent with each other and are suspected to be unrealistically low.

Aims. We aim to present a Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm for the asteroid mass estimation problem based on asteroid-asteroid close encounters. We verify that our algorithm works correctly by applying it to synthetic data sets. We use astrometry available through the Minor Planet Center to estimate masses for a select few example cases and compare our results with results reported in the literature.

Methods. Our mass-estimation method is based on the robust adaptive Metropolis algorithm that has been implemented into the OpenOrb asteroid orbit computation software. Our method has the built-in capability to analyze multiple perturbing asteroids and test asteroids simultaneously.

Results. We find that our mass estimates for the synthetic data sets are fully consistent with the ground truth. The nominal masses for real example cases typically agree with the literature but tend to have greater uncertainties than what is reported in recent literature. Possible reasons for this include different astrometric data sets and weights, different test asteroids, different force models or different algorithms. For (16) Psyche, the target of NASA’s Psyche mission, our maximum likelihood mass is approximately 55% of what is reported in the literature. Such a low mass would imply that the bulk density is significantly lower than previously expected and thus disagrees with the theory of (16) Psyche being the metallic core of a protoplanet. We do, however, note that masses reported in recent literature remain within our 3-sigma limits.

Results. The new MCMC mass-estimation algorithm performs as expected, but a rigorous comparison with results from a least-squares algorithm with the exact same data set remains to be done. The matters of uncertainties in comparison with other algorithms and correlations of observations also warrant further investigation.
Going deep with Minkowski functionals of convergence maps
Authors: Parroni Carolina , Cardone Vincenzo F. , Maoli Roberto , Scaramella Roberto
Published: November 2019

Aims. Stage IV lensing surveys promise to make an unprecedented amount of excellent data available. This will represent a huge leap in terms of quantity and quality and will open the way for the use of novel tools that surpass the standard second-order statistics for probing the high-order properties of the convergence field. Motivated by these considerations, some of us have started a long-term project aiming at using Minkowski functionals (MFs) as complementary and supplementary probes to increase the lensing figure of merit (FoM).

Methods. As a second step on this path, we discuss the use of MFs for a survey consisting of a wide total area Atot that is imaged at a limiting magnitude magW and contains a subset of area Adeep, where observations are pushed to a deeper limiting magnitude magD. We present an updated procedure to match the theoretically predicted MFs to the measured MFs, and take the effect of map reconstruction from noisy shear data into account. We validate this renewed method against simulated datasets with different source redshift distributions and total number density, setting these quantities in accordance with the depth of the survey. We can then rely on a Fisher matrix analysis to forecast the improvement in the FoM that is due to the joint use of shear tomography and MFs under different assumptions on (Atot,  Adeep, and magD), and the prior on the MFs nuisance parameters.

Results. We find that MFs can provide valuable help in increasing the FoM of the lensing survey when the nuisance parameters are known with non-negligible precision. The possibility of compensating for the loss of FoM through a cut in the multipole range that is probed by shear tomography is even more interesting. This makes the results more robust against uncertainties in the modeling of nonlinearities. This makes MFs a promising tool for increasing the FoM and also protects the constraints on the cosmological parameters mainly from theoretical systematic effects.
Landslide formation modelling and surveying of the slope in unsaturated and saturated ground conditions
Authors: Kogut Janusz P.
Published: November 2019

The terrestrial laser scanner enables site remote sensing of the slopes in a simple and automated manner. Regular measurements with multiple scanner positioning might be applied in long term landslide monitoring. A detailed geological structural model allows for hazard assessment, and then for a slope stability assessment. Numerical model, along with the subsoil parameters, introduced into the Finite Element Method (FEM) software enables an estimation of landslide susceptibility and the possible displacements of the terrain in longer period of time, as well as, due to different loading cases. In this paper the formation of landslides and stability of the slope after the retaining structure establishment is analysed. Two analysed landslides have different origin and may be a threat even after stabilization works already maintained.
Transverse heterogeneity of interfacial bonding behavior during roll bonding of Cu/Al bimetallic plates
Authors: Gao Xiang Yu , Wang Tao , Ren Zhong Kai , Han Jian Chao , He Dong Ping , Li Sha
Published: November 2019

The transverse heterogeneity of interfacial bonding behavior during roll bonding of Cu/Al bimetallic plates were studied through experimental research and numerical simulation. The experimental results showed that the bonding strength along the transverse interfacial gradually decreased from center to edge, and decrease accelerates near the edge. Combining with the results of numerical simulation, it was found that the variation of bonding strength along the transverse interfacial appeared to be the result of the synergistic effect of the normal stress, strain and velocity field of the bonding interface. The bonding strength in the intermediate zone of the interface slowly decreased because of a decrease in the equivalent strain at the interface. The normal stress decreases rapidly near the edge of the plate which results in the rapid reduction of the bonding strength. The poor synchronism of the metal flow on both sides of the interfaces might lead to wavy interfaces, which tend to form interface defects such as cracks and gaps.
The electronic petition as a way to influence the power available to every citizen: The role and prospects in Ukraine
Authors: Luchenko Dmytro
Published: November 2019

The article substantiates the thesis that electronic petitions are potentially capable of acting as an effective means of challenging illegal decisions, actions, and inactivity of state authorities. In this case, the institution of the electronic petition is a mechanism that creates comfortable conditions for expressing the will of citizens, regardless of their place of residence. The article analyzes the status of the legal regulation of the institute of the electronic petition in Ukraine and the practice of its functioning. The shortcomings of the legislation on electronic petitions that negatively influence the effectiveness of this institute are systematized. The study proposes a number of measures to improve the effectiveness of electronic petitions, namely: the implementation of educational activities among the population (especially rural areas) regarding the appointment and use of the institution of electronic petition; establishing of an imperative status for petitions that overcome the minimum of votes in their support; preventing the loss of votes by the same type of petition with identical appeals; blocking irrelevant petitions; improving the interface of relevant electronic resources on which petitions are published.
Ensuring Trading Strategies Profitability with Technical Analysis Tools and Computer Technology
Authors: Abuselidze G. , Slobodianyk A. , Reznik N.
Published: November 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of the tools of technical analysis using computer technology. It analyzes the current conditions and the essence of the stock market, the basis of its functioning. The advantages of technical analysis are presented including accessibility and relative simplicity of its use. It analyzes the main indicators of the world stock market development and modern constant signs and tendencies of the process. It is revealed that the improvement of the technical analysis and increase of the forecast accuracy is a complex process. The prospects for the effective use of technical analysis in trading strategies for promoting analysis by using historical data of price changes for the asset under study by using computer software are determined. Back testing calculations are presented making clear the fact that the financial result would be given by a trading strategy based on the historical profitability of the asset.
Innovative Approach to Improving the Efficiency of Labor Potential: Talent Management
Authors: Makhmudova I.N. , Kifa L.L. , Vasilieva S.E.
Published: November 2019

The paradigm of the personnel management concept has been changed based on the introduction of digital technologies in the labor process. The article reveals the impact of new information technologies on the formation and usage of laborpotential in the renewed organizations. The new approach is not knowledge management, but talent management. The socio-psychological analysis of the structural elements of labor potential is also used. Terminological definiteness of such concepts as loyalty and reliability of employeesis carried out according to their participationactivity in the labor process. Distinctions of highly professional (HiPro) and high-potential (HiPo) personnel are given. High level of motivation among high-potential employees is emphasized as a condition that increases the level of labor potential efficiency. The role of employees’ involvement in the formation of the personnel reserve is defined. Modern tools, based on digital platforms, developing labor potential were used. The mechanism of HR-technologies is revealed, in which an employee with greater potential is unable to reveal his labor potential, and becomes a brake for the innovative development in organization. There was named the principal responsibility for timely and qualitative formation of the new competencies, required for realizing the labor potential, in terms of updated reality.
Dual red imaging: a novel endoscopic imaging technology visualizing thick blood vessels in the gastrointestinal wall
Authors: Yahagi Naohisa , Fujimoto Ai , Horii Joichiro , Uraoka Toshio , Shimoda Masayuki , Takabayashi Kaoru , Nisizawa Toshihiro , Goto Osamu , Ochiai Yasutoshi , Maehata Tadateru , Nakayama Atushi , Kato Motohiko , Hosoe Naoki , Naganuma Makoto
Published: November 2019

Background Dual red imaging (DRI), a novel image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) technology, has the potential to improve the visibility of blood vessels in deeper tissue using 600 nm and 630 nm wavelength lights in the red band.

Aim To confirm the feasibility of DRI in visualization of vessels in deeper tissue and identify pathologically the features of blood vessels visualized by DRI.

Methods Study 1: visibility of blood vessels was assessed by five observers in 137 pairs of DRI and white light imaging (WLI) images. The scores for the visibility of thick blood vessels were measured for randomized images and compared with the scoring template as a reference. The difference in visibility score between DRI and WLI was compared in each pair of images. Study 2: blood vessels detected only by DRI were examined pathologically using two pig stomachs.

Results Study 1: The mean visibility scores of DRI and WLI for each observer were 1.69 – 2.26 and 1.31 – 1.67, respectively. The mean difference in visibility score and 95 % confidence interval for the five observers was 0.59 [0.46 – 0.72], 0.54 [0.40 – 0.68], 0.34 [0.18 – 0.49], 0.51 [0.36 – 0.66], and 0.71 [0.54 – 0.88]. The visibility was statistically significantly better in DRI than in WLI for all observers (P < 0.0001). Study 2: three blood vessels were observed only by DRI. All of these blood vessels were located at a depth of 1000 – 1500 µm from the mucosal surface. The diameter of these blood vessels exceeded 80 – 200 µm.

Conclusions DRI can feasibly detect thick blood vessels in the deep mucosa or submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract.
Impact of trainee involvement on the outcome of ERCP procedures: results of a prospective multicenter observational trial
Authors: Voiosu Theodor , Boskoski Ivo , Voiosu Andrei M. , Benguș Andreea , Ladic Agata , Klarin Ivo , Bove Vincenzo , Busuioc Bogdan , Rimbaș Mihai , Rustemovic Nadan , Mateescu Bogdan , Jovanovic Ivan , Costamagna Guido
Published: November 2019

Background Training in advanced endoscopic techniques such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be driven by key performance measures and standardized competence assessment in order to provide safe and high-quality interventions. We aimed to determine whether the involvement of trainees influences the outcome of the procedure and the incidence of ERCP-related adverse events.

Methods This was an international, multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted at six high- and low-volume centers across Europe between October 2016 and October 2018, and included independent operators and their trainees. Standard report forms documenting indication, trainee involvement, technical outcome, and complications over a 30-day follow-up of consecutive ERCP procedures were included in the analysis. Technical success of the procedure and procedure-related adverse events were compared between procedures in the trainee group and the control group using bivariable and multivariable analysis.

Results 21 trainees and 16 control endoscopists performed 1843 ERCPs during the study period. Trainee involvement in ERCP procedures did not decrease technical success (92.4 % vs. 93.7 %; P = 0.30) or increase the risk of adverse events (14.7 % vs. 14.6 %; P > 0.99). Conversely, there were significantly more moderate or severe adverse events in the control group compared with the trainee group (6.2 % vs. 3.4 %, P = 0.01). On multivariable analysis, only increased bilirubin levels, time to cannulation, and procedure difficulty level increased the risk of any procedure-related adverse event.

Conclusion Trainee involvement in ERCP interventions within a proper teaching setting is safe and does not compromise the success of the procedure.
Reconstruction of Head and Neck Mucormycosis: A Literature Review and Own Experience in Immediate Reconstruction
Authors: Palacios Julio Juarez , Hanson Erik Viana , Rendon Marco Aurelio Medina , Infante Raúl-Saldaña López
Published: November 2019

Background Mucormycosis is a rare invasive and fatal fungal infection. A prompt diagnosis is the most critical aspect for an improved patient outcome. Along with antifungal therapy, radical surgical debridement must be done expeditiously to eradicate this fungus. In this article, we evaluated the feasibility of immediate reconstruction after surgical debridement.

Methods A retrospective study was performed at Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Estado de México, Mexico, between June 2017 and June 2018. Five patients, three males and two females, with a mean age of 39 years were presented in addition to a literature review based on MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PubMed Central, and Embase platforms until June 2018.

Results From our presented series, all five flaps survived and showed no evidence of mucormycosis recurrence or flap loss. In the literature review, we collected 16 cases from 14 different publications of individuals with head and neck mucormycosis. Reconstruction was made with a free (12 cases) or pedicled flap (four cases). Eleven males and five females with a mean patient age of 33.0 years were studied. Only two authors described an early or immediate reconstruction. The average time of the delayed reconstruction after surgical debridement was 16.7 weeks.

Conclusion After aggressive surgical resection, immediate reconstruction can be done safely based on clinical criteria and as long as there is no evidence of hyphae invasion on wound edges in the intraoperative pathology examination.
Trait specialization, innovation, and the evolution of culture in fluctuating environments
Authors: Deffner Dominik , Kandler Anne
Published: November 2019

Individuals often respond phenotypically to environmental challenges by innovating and adopting novel behavioral variants. Behavioral (or ‘cultural’) variants are defined here as alternative ways to solve adaptive problems, such as finding food or building shelter. In unpredictable environments, individuals must both be able to adapt to current conditions but also to cope with potential changes in these conditions, they must “hedge their evolutionary bets” against the variability of the environment. Here, we loosely apply this idea to the context of behavioral adaptation and develop an evolutionary model, where cultural variants differ in their level of generality, i.e. the range of environmental conditions in which they provide fitness benefits: generalist variants are characterized by large ranges, specialist variants by small ranges. We use a Moran model (with additional learning opportunities) and assume that each individual’s propensity for innovation is genetically determined, while the characteristics of cultural variants can be modified through processes of individual and social learning. Our model demonstrates that flexibly adjusting the level of generality allows individuals to navigate the trade-off between fast and reliable initial adaptation and the potential for long-term improvements. In situations with many (social or individual) learning opportunities, no adjustment of the innovation rate, i.e. the propensity to learn individually, is required to adapt to changed environmental conditions: fast adaptation is guaranteed by solely adjusting the level of generality of the cultural variants. Few learning opportunities, however, require both processes, innovation and trait generality, to work hand in hand. To explore the effects of different modes of innovation, we contrast independent invention and modification and show that relying largely on modifications improves both short-term and long-term adaptation. Further, inaccuracies in social learning provide another source of variant variation that facilitates adaptation after an environmental change. However, unfaithful learning is detrimental to long-term levels of adaptation. Our results demonstrate that the characteristics of cultural variants themselves can play a major role in the adaptation process and influence the evolution of learning strategies.
Quantitative C-V study of the electric-field-assisted generation of mobile holes
Authors: Yu A. R. , Liu S. B. , Zeng Q. , Yi R. C. , Yu X. X. , Hou X. Y. , Zhong G. Y.
Published: November 2019

In order to study the electric-field-assisted generation of mobile holes, a capacitance-voltage method is applied to asymmetric capacitancelike devices. The concentration of mobile holes generated from charge-transfer complexes at the CuPc/MoO3 interface was studied both theoretically and experimentally. Furthermore, the efficiency of charge generation at various electric fields was also calculated. The capacitance of the device with only a 0.2 nm MoO3 layer first increased and then decreased during bias sweeping from 0 V to −30 V. The capacitance variation is in good agreement with theoretical calculation, which in turn strongly confirms the existence of electric-field-assisted generation mechanism of the mobile holes.
Drying rates of saturated masticated fuelbeds from Rocky Mountain mixed-conifer stands
Authors: Keane Robert E. , Holsinger Lisa M. , Smith Helen Y. , Sikkink Pamela G.
Published: November 2019

Mastication is becoming a popular wildland fuel treatment in the United States but little is known about how masticated fuels dry over time, especially as these atypical fuelbeds age. This report summarises measured drying rates of different-aged masticated fuelbeds built from material collected from sites that were treated using one of four mastication techniques. We recreated three replicates of masticated fuelbeds in wire mesh cages using material collected from 13 sites sampled throughout the US Rocky Mountains. These caged fuelbeds were saturated and then their moisture contents were measured daily as they dried over 10 days in both a controlled growth chamber and outdoors. Relative moisture content after 24 and 96h of drying and a drying rate were response variables that were analysed across fuel age, drying environment and mastication method. While our sites occurred across different forest types and climates and the mastication equipment used was different, we found that all fuelbeds dried within 3% of the equilibrium moisture contents (3–6%) after ~96h for both growth chamber and outdoors under moderately dry environments. We also found that mastication method influenced fuelbed drying rates whereas age had little effect. Fire managers may use these drying rates to implement effective prescribed burns to reduce adverse impacts when masticated fuelbeds burn during wildfire conditions.
Evolutionary dynamics with game transitions
Authors: Su Qi , McAvoy Alex , Wang Long , Nowak Martin A.
Published: November 2019

Significance

Evolving populations are constantly subjected to changing environmental conditions. The environment can determine how the expression of traits affects the individuals possessing them. Just as important, however, is the fact that the expression of traits can also alter the environment. We model this phenomenon by introducing game transitions into classical models of evolutionary dynamics. Interacting individuals receive payoffs from the games that they play, and these games can change based on past actions. We find that game transitions can significantly reduce the critical benefit-to-cost threshold for cooperation to evolve in social dilemmas. This result improves our understanding of when cooperators can thrive in nature, even when classical results predict a high critical threshold.
Architecture and modular assembly of
Sulfolobus
S-layers revealed by electron cryotomography
Authors: Gambelli Lavinia , Meyer Benjamin H. , McLaren Mathew , Sanders Kelly , Quax Tessa E. F. , Gold Vicki A. M. , Albers Sonja-Verena , Daum Bertram
Published: November 2019

Surface protein layers (S-layers) often form the only structural component of the archaeal cell wall and are therefore important for cell survival. S-layers have a plethora of cellular functions including maintenance of cell shape, osmotic, and mechanical stability, the formation of a semipermeable protective barrier around the cell, and cell–cell interaction, as well as surface adhesion. Despite the central importance of S-layers for archaeal life, their 3-dimensional (3D) architecture is still poorly understood. Here we present detailed 3D electron cryomicroscopy maps of archaeal S-layers from 3 different
Sulfolobus
strains. We were able to pinpoint the positions and determine the structure of the 2 subunits SlaA and SlaB. We also present a model describing the assembly of the mature S-layer.
The formation of the Kallawaya language
Authors: Hannß Katja
Published: November 2019

In this paper, I will discuss the question of the formation of the mixed and secret Kallawaya language, spoken by traditional herbalists at Lake Titicaca, Bolivia. The parental languages of Kallawaya are Southern Quechua (Quechua IIC), which provided the grammar, and now-extinct Pukina, which presumably supplied the lexicon. I argue that Kallawaya arose from lexical re-orientation, having been created by Quechua native speakers. As such it does not present an instance of selective replication (Matras 2000). To support this claim, I will discuss lexical, grammatical, and structural evidence. In contrast to what has been claimed byStark (1972), only a small part of the Kallawaya lexicon links to Pukina. Moreover, the Kallawaya grammar is as good as identical to that of Southern Quechua but contains some grammatical markers that do not trace back to Quechua or Aymara. It is the aim of this paper to concentrate on these deviant markers, investigating possible relationships with Pukina. I will show that demonstrated links to Pukina are scarce and that the formation of Kallawaya is better explained as a case of lexical re-orientation.
Knowledge-based terminological e‑dictionaries
Authors: Roche Christophe , Costa Rute , Carvalho Sara , Almeida Bruno
Published: November 2019

The advent of the Semantic Web and of the Linked Data initiative have contributed to new perspectives and
opportunities regarding terminology work. Among them are the double dimension approach and the theoretical perspective of
ontoterminology anchored therein, which explore the synergies resulting from the systematic organisation of both term systems and
concept systems. By doing so, they provide a theoretical and methodological foundation underlying the creation of knowledge-based
terminological products that can support the conception and development of different types of e‑dictionaries. Within that scope,
and based on examples pertaining to two different subject fields, namely endometriosis and Islamic archaeology, this article aims
to propose a framework for the creation of a terminological e-dictionary, defined as a reference resource in a specific domain
that gathers, structures and describes linguistic data in a systematic way in one, two or more languages, in order to define
concepts that are denoted by terms.