bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the Impact of Human Papillomavirus (HPV): A Comprehensive Exploration of its Role in Cancer Progression and Global Health Challenges
Authors: Potale Yashraj , K Kasat Yash , Kumar Ankit , Ahmad Faiz
Published: January 2024

HPV represents a large group of double stranded DNA viruses that are highly involved with different types of human cancers. This synopsis describes the complexities surrounding HPV virology, classifications, and genomic variation, especially focusing on high-risk strains such as HPV16 and HPV18, the main causative factors for cervical cancers. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses specifies more than 200 HPV types each associated with a respective disease and indicated in Table 1. HPV spread is mostly due to direct skin-to-skin contact between individuals’ sex organs causing infections on the mucous membrane and keratinized epithelial cells. Although majority of the infections are asymptomatic, some chronic HRHPV infections may progress into cancers because of oncoproteins E6 and E7. The high-risk variants of HPV lead to cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers whereas the low-risk types cause harmless genital warts. While integrating HPV DNA into the host genome, orchestrated by oncoproteins E6 and E7 disrupts the cell regulatory mechanism; this leads to abnormal control over cell multiplication–one of the major elements of the process that develops to HPV induced cancer. A classic case is cervical cancer that has been extensively investigated as one of the highly documented HPV associated malignancies. Pap smears and HPV DNA tests are among the screening means that lower the incidents and deaths associated with cervical cancers. HPV-associated cancers of the head and neck, anus, penis, vulva, and vagina all show a characteristic profile in terms of the pathogen aetiology and risks involved. HPV-related head and neck cancers affect non-smokers and show good response to standard therapies. HPV poses increased anal cancer risk for immunocompromised individuals highlighting the complexity of interdependence of immunity and cancer development. Penile cancer results from poor hygiene and non-circumcision. Vulvar and virginal cancer mostly affects women, and the risk factors involve HPV infection and smoking. Therefore, various types of multidisciplinary approach that may include surgeries, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are necessary to ensure proper treatment. Certain cancers are strongly associated with some high-risk HPV genotypes, such as HPV-16 and HPV-18; thus, vaccination is important. HPV infection outcomes are determined by the immune response as well as clearance of HPV infection. Screening and immunological understanding for early detection of HPV related health risks is fundamental. However, this encompassing review highlights the multi-dimensional impact of HPV encompassing virology of HPV, cancer specific presentation of HPV and control including prevention of HPV infection, screening, and research on cancer attributable by HPV and strategies towards mitigation of this global health problem.
Evaluating the Impact of AI-Based Sustainability Measures in Industry 5.0: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Valeriya Glazkova , Kirola Madhu , Gupta Manish , Bharathi P , Acharya Puja
Published: January 2024

In the context of Industry 5.0, this long-term study assesses the significant influence of AI-based sustainability metrics. It also illuminates a novel paradigm in which artificial intelligence (AI) and human expertise work together to jointly drive sustainability, financial performance, employee satisfaction, and overall ecological responsibility. AI-driven sustainability efforts produced a surprising 12% reduction in trash creation, an amazing 7% reduction in energy usage, and an 8% drop in CO2 emissions over a five-year period. Financially speaking, these actions showed up as a steady 4% annual revenue growth, $2 million in cost reductions on average each year, and a cumulative 3.4% gain in return on investment. The human factor is even more notable, with employee satisfaction ratings rising from 4.2 to 4.7 and work-life balance scores significantly rising from 4.1 to 4.6. By 2024, 70% of workers will have adopted AI, demonstrating how essential AI has become to the working. An all-encompassing sustainability score that included these dynamic components increased from 60 to 75 in 2024, indicating a general improvement in sustainability. This study emphasizes the mutually beneficial relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and sustainability in Industry 5.0. It shows how AI fosters a sustainable and balanced industrial future by improving environmental responsibility and workforce satisfaction while also producing significant financial benefits.
IoT and AI Integration: An Experiment on Smart Manufacturing Efficiency in Industry 5.0
Authors: Dmitrieva Ekaterina , Krishna Gopal , Chhabra Soosan , Pavithra Avvari , Sharma Kshama
Published: January 2024

In line with the Industry 5.0 paradigm, this empirical research offers a data-driven investigation of the revolutionary effects of combining IoT and AI in smart manufacturing. The findings show a notable 1.52% gain in production efficiency, which is attributed to post-implementation temperature increases of 36.2°C and humidity decreases of 44.8%. A decrease in faults found (2) led to a 0.76% increase in quality scores (93.1) for quality control. With fewer maintenance hours (2.3) and downtime (52 minutes), maintenance practices were more effective. These results highlight the concrete advantages of integrating IoT and AI in smart manufacturing, putting it at the vanguard of Industry 5.0's revolutionary landscape and improving productivity, quality, and maintenance.
Sustainability Measures: An Experimental Analysis of AI and Big Data Insights in Industry 5.0
Authors: Ivanovich Vatin Nikolai , Singh Negi Gaurav , Sahithi Yellanki V. , Mohan Chandra , Singla Neeru
Published: January 2024

In the context of Industry 5.0, this empirical research investigates the concrete effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data insights on sustainability metrics. Real-world data analysis shows that during a two-year period, there was a 10% rise in the energy used by solar panels, a 6.7% increase in the energy consumed by wind turbines, and a 6.7% drop in the energy consumed by the grid. Paper trash output was reduced by 14% and plastic waste by 24% as a consequence of waste reduction initiatives. Product quality was maintained by AI-driven quality control, with quality ratings ranging from 89 to 94. Moreover, there was a 6% decrease in carbon emissions from industry, 3.1% from transportation, and 4.6% from energy production. These results highlight how AI and Big Data may revolutionize Industry 5.0 by promoting environmental responsibility, waste reduction, energy efficiency, sustainability, and high-quality products.
A Comparative Study of Digital City Development Using the Data-Driven Smart City Index
Authors: Elena Vasilieva , Prakash Sunil , Dixit Saurav , Nangia Richa , Bhardwaj Kapil , Shruti CH. M.
Published: January 2024

This research compares and contrasts the evolution of smart cities using a comparative analysis based on the Data-Driven Smart City Index. The study includes four important tables: the Digital City Development Index, which shows City D as a model smart city because of its high Infrastructure, Data Utilization, and Connectivity Scores, offers a thorough summary of the development of smart cities. The three components of the Data-Driven Smart City Index are Environmental Sustainability, Governance, and Quality of Life. City D excels in all three areas. The importance of big data analytics, IoT adoption, and open data usage—all of which City D leads—is emphasized in Data Utilization in Digital City Development. Lastly, Connectivity Infrastructure in Digital Cities emphasizes the significance of cutting-edge technology, with City D leading the way in terms of availability of public Wi-Fi, 5G network connectivity, and fiber broadband coverage. These results provide insightful information that will help stakeholders, politicians, and urban planners advance cities into the digital age and improve the quality of life for citizens.
IoT in Home Automation: A Data-Driven User Behaviour Analysis and User Adoption Test
Authors: Elena Vasilieva , Bisht Deepa , Chhabra Soosan , Kumar Kaushal , Sharma Manka , Yellanki V. Sahithi
Published: January 2024

This research carried out a thorough data-driven examination of user behaviour, adoption rates, satisfaction, and energy efficiency in the context of IoT in home automation, within the quickly changing environment of smart homes and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The study found that users interacted with various kinds of IoT devices in diverse ways. Smart security systems and thermostats, for example, were quickly adopted and received high levels of satisfaction. The potential for significant energy savings demonstrated the contribution of IoT devices to sustainability. These results highlight the significance of making well-informed decisions when using IoT technology to create smarter, more efficient, and greener living environments. They also provide useful insights for manufacturers, legislators, and homeowners.
Edge Computing and AI: Advancements in Industry 5.0- An Experimental Assessment
Authors: Dmitrieva Ekaterina , Thakur Gaurav , Kumar Prabhakar Pranav , Prakash Anshika , Vyas Anjali , Prasanna Y. Lakshmi
Published: January 2024

This empirical research evaluated, via experimentation, how Edge Computing and Artificial Intelligence (AI) work together in the context of Industry 5.0. With a high satisfaction rating of 88%, participants in the Edge Computing condition saw an astonishing 18% decrease in task completion times. Similarly, in the AI integration scenario, participants rated AI's value at 86%, and they saw a significant 12% reduction in task completion times and a noteworthy 7% drop in mistake rates. Significantly, with an astounding 21% gain in work completion times, the Edge Computing and AI combo had the largest performance boost. These results highlight how Edge Computing and AI may dramatically improve industrial efficiency and performance in the context of Industry 5.0, providing insightful information for businesses looking to use these technologies to streamline processes and spur innovation.
The length-weight relationship of Magallana gigas in Krueng Cut, Province of Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Octavina Chitra , Afriana Shella
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the length-weight relationship of Magallana gigas in Krueng Cut, Banda Aceh City. The research was conducted in October 2020 at Krueng Cut River, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh City. The oyster identification process was carried out at the Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The method used in this study was simple random sampling method. In addition, water quality data were also collected in situ and substrate collected ex situ. The Ostreidae group found in Krueng Cut, Banda Aceh City is the Magallana gigas species. The average oyster found in Krueng Cut, Banda Aceh City is small with length growth ranging from 20 to 50.2 mm. The results showed that the growth pattern of Magallana gigas was classified as negative allometric at three research stations in Krueng Cut River, Banda Aceh, this was based on the value of b < 3. Environmental factors from the three research stations in Krueng Cut, Banda Aceh City are still within the normal limits of Magallana gigas life.
Characterization of Sodium Alginate-Based Edible Film with Addition of Gelatin and Casein
Authors: Permadi Aef , Hidayah Nur , Imelda Simamora Wenny , Imanuel Christianto , Wahyu Endah Gilina , Zachro Nurbani Siti , Sayuti Mohammad , Dharmayanti Niken , Ayu Afifah Rufnia
Published: January 2024

Edible film is a form of biodegradable packaging that is easily biodegradable and can be consumed at the same time with the product. The purpose of this study is to find characterization of edible films including physical tests (thickness, tensile strength, elongation, elasticity and high temperature resistance), chemical tests (water content and water vapor transmission rate), solubility tests and biodegradability tests on sodium alginate/glicerol-based edible films with the addition of gelatin and casein. This study was conducted using the single factor group random design method with data analysis using SPSS 29 software. The results showed that edible films made from only sodium alginate and glycerol only have advantages in characteristics of elasticity, edible films made from sodium alginate, glycerol and gelatin have advantages in characteristics of elongation, water content, solubility and biodegradability. Edible films made from sodium alginate, glycerol and casein have advantages in characteristics of consumer preferences, thickness, tensile strength, high temperature resistance and water vapor transmission rate.
A nesting ability of male siamese fighting fish(Betta sple ndens)under different level of turbidity derived from palm oil mill effluent
Authors: Zulfahmi Ilham , Setia Batubara Agung , Waliul Perdana Adli , Alniza Putri Tasya , Nafis Badratun , Maghfiriadi Furqan
Published: January 2024

Contamination of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) into water bodies potentially disrupting the visualization and affects behaviourial changes such nesting ability of male Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens). The study examined the effects of turbidity due to POME contamination toward nest area as one of the indicators for the reproductive behavior of thebetta splendens.The research used Completely randomized Design with different level of turbidity: <1 NTU (control), 20 NTU (treatmen A), 40 NTU (tretment B), 60 NTU (Treatment C). Preference tests were carried out in a 6-L aquarium (20x20x20 cm3). Nest area was measured each hour for 8 hours. Nest area was captured using camera and measured with imageJ. Result showed there was no significant difference in nest area ofBetta splendensin different level of turbidity. The range of nest area in sequence until the end of exposure were 0-0.8 cm2, 0.7-2.5 cm2, 4.6-6.7 cm2, 4.5-7.2 cm2, 7.6-8.7 cm2, 9.4-11.11 cm2, 9.7-12.5 cm2, dan 11.6-14.14 cm2. Turbidity due to POME collected from the last pond with low pollutant contamination has no impact on nesting ability of betta fish. Nest building behavior is often correlated with hormone concentrations due to pollutant contamination with a certain consentration of pollutant.
Comprehensive analysis of harmful algal blooms in indonesia: from occurrence to impact
Authors: Sidabutar Tumpak , Sunarwati Srimariana Endang , Cappenberg Hendrik , Wouthuyzen Sam
Published: January 2024

The occurrence and frequency of harmful algal blooms have become a significant problem in Indonesia's coastal waters since 1991. This article aims to thoroughly analyze the diversity of algal species involved in these harmful algal blooms (HABs). It highlights that some algae, such as toxic species, can produce dangerous toxins, while others, such as non-toxic algae, remain harmless. This article reviews research studies that describe the occurrence, frequency, and causative types of bloom events in several contaminated coastal regions of Indonesia. The blooms had many consequences for fisheries, the aquatic environment, the economy, and public health. Among the identified species, Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum is known for its high toxicity. The most common taxa contributing to bloom tragedy are Chaetoceros, Noctiluca, and Skeletonema. The study recognizes that human-induced nutrient enrichment is a major and significant factor in triggering the bloom phenomena. The paper recommends various management strategies and further research initiatives to prevent and reduce the impacts of HABs in Indonesia.
Carbon stock estimation of mangrove ecosystem in the Kuta Raja Subdistrict, Banda Aceh, Aceh Province
Authors: Dewiyanti Irma , Khairina Khairina , El-Rahimi Sayyid Afdhal
Published: January 2024

Mangroves play a crucial role in maintaining the environmental balance through their ability to absorb and store carbon. This study aimed to analyze carbon storage in mangrove ecosystems, including aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, deadwood biomass, and organic soil material. The sampling method used in this research was purposive sampling to select three observation stations. The results of this research indicate that the biomass of mangrove tree stems in the Kuta Raja Subdistrict, Banda Aceh, was 117.9 tons/ha, which was the highest value compared to the roots at 47.2 tons/ha, and deadwood at 2.2 tons/ha, as part of carbon storage in mangrove plants. The carbon stock at the research site was highest in mangrove tree at 55.43 tons/ha, followed by mangrove root at 22.17 tons/ha, and deadwood at 1.04 tons/ha, and organic soil material at 2.7 tons/ha. The total carbon stock of the mangrove ecosystem was 81.37 tons/ha.
Sea turtle landing and distribution in aceh jaya district
Authors: Maulana Fauzan , Ulfah Maria , Aulia Fauzan , Murniadi  , Alza Gunawan , Rahmi Tutia , Kandi Oni
Published: January 2024

The research in Aceh Jaya District identified nine turtle nesting beaches: Babah Kuala, Patek, Babah Ngom, Kuala Doe, Rigaih, Alue Piet, Nisero, Aroen Meubanja, and Seunebok Padang. Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) and Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles inhabit these coastal areas. Nisero beach, Kuta Tuha Village, Panga Sub-District, recorded the highest nest count (12 nests) with both Leatherback and Olive Ridley turtles. Seunebok Padang beach, Seunebok Padang Village, Teunom Sub-District, had the lowest count (2 Olive Ridley turtle nests). Aroen Meubanja beach is the only one with protected status, while the remaining eight face the threat of egg poaching. Unprotected beaches are at high risk, emphasizing the importance of conservation for sea turtle survival and the local economy, particularly through tourism development. Beyond Aceh Jaya, Indonesia features other significant sea turtle nesting sites, like Pangumbahan beach in West Java and Wairundi Island and Venu Island in West Papua Province. The study evaluates various beach characteristics, including width and slope, influencing sea turtle nesting activities. Sediment analysis reveals predominant medium sand textures in Aceh Jaya District, contributing to suitable nesting conditions and emphasizing the need for targeted conservation efforts.
Estimation des surfaces irriguées ripariennes à l’aide de Earth Engine. Une étude de cas dans le sous-bassin versant de la Haute-Comoé, Burkina Faso
Authors: Palé Sié , Traoré Farid , Wellens Joost , Bassolo Baki Cyrille , Sako Aboubakar , Tychon Bernard
Published: January 2024

La mise au point d’une méthode automatique d’estimation des surfaces irriguées par les petits exploitants agricoles en Afrique aux abords des cours d’eau, à partir d’outils libres et de données satellitaires gratuites, reste un défi majeur à cause de la diversité des cultures qui y sont pratiquées, de l’étroitesse des parcelles, de la variabilité des cycles culturaux et de la similarité des réflectances des zones irriguées, des zones humides enherbées et de la végétation arborée riparienne. Cet article visait donc à développer une méthode qui permette d’extraire les surfaces agricoles irriguées par les agriculteurs informels le long des berges du fleuve Comoé au cours de la campagne agricole de saison sèche. Pour ce faire, une image composite, obtenue des images de janvier 2019 des satellites Sentinel-1 et 2, combinée à des indices spectraux dérivés et sensibles aux surfaces irriguées (NDVI, MNDWI et NBR2), a fait l’objet d’une classification supervisée à l’aide du classificateur Random Forest sur la plateforme Earth Engine, après une série de masquages automatiques des sols nus, des surfaces des plans d’eau, des infrastructures et de la forêt galerie. Testée sur des données de janvier 2019, pendant laquelle la plupart des agriculteurs ont mis en place leurs cultures, la méthode proposée permet d’estimer efficacement les superficies irriguées. Elle a permis de distinguer les classes ‘zones irriguées’ et ‘zones humides enherbées’ avec une précision globale de 98 %, un coefficient Kappa de 0,91 et des F-scores respectifs de 99 % et 92 %. L’étude a ainsi montré qu’il est possible de développer à moindre coût une méthode automatique et efficace d’évaluation de surfaces irriguées ripariennes à partir de la plateforme Earth Engine.
The test bench for simulation impact of core saturation on the current transformer on coordination of inverse relay protection
Authors: Supriyanto  , Utomo Heri Budi , Sunarto
Published: January 2024

When the measurement-type Current Transformer (CT) is used for protection schemes, this condition causes problems related to the operation of the protection relay. This performance can provide the right output to be captured by the relay when using the CT type of protection system, and measurement CT will be appropriately used as a measurement instrument. When the primary current is greater, the denser the flux flowing in the iron core, and when a certain primary current value is reached, the iron core is unable to accommodate the flux that must be flowed. As a result, the value Es is unable to rise again, so the error ratio begins to rise, and the secondary current output is distorted. This research aims to design a tool that can display the distortion that occurs in the secondary current, and this research will evaluate its impact on the characteristics of the inverse-type overcurrent relay. The research method is R&D (Research & Development) by configuring a prototype analog test table so that saturation occurs on the CT connected to the protection relay. The results of the research Simulation of protection coordination failure due to core saturation can be shown, and the design of core saturation test equipment can be demonstrated. The root cause of core failure can be traced from the disconnection time deviation that occurs at the protection relay. The design of core saturation test equipment can be implemented to display protection failures due to core saturation and show the correlation between the voltage excitation curve and relay disconnection time. Testing CT ratio 30/5 with a burden of 1.5 VA, the operating limit is 183.3% of the primary rated rating, meaning that for CT with a primary rated current of 30 amperes, testing up to 60 amperes shows the results have not occurred core saturation.
Hydrogeological conceptual model in the Batang Integrated Industrial Park, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widyatama F.X. Ganesa Satria , Wilopo Wahyu , Broto Suharsono Adi
Published: January 2024

The construction of Batang Integrated Industrial Park (BIIP) will surely affect the groundwater in this area and its surroundings. To estimate the impact of changes in land use and the potential use of industrial water from groundwater, a hydrogeological conceptual model has been constructed for the BIIP. The methodology involves gathering rainfall data to estimate potential recharge. The secondary and primary data of deep and shallow wells were used to evaluate the boundaries of groundwater flow directions and develop the geometry of the aquifer system. The boundary condition observation data, geophysics data, drilling log, and slug test results were collected and interpreted in a 2-dimensional as a conceptual model of the hydrogeological condition. The result reveals that groundwater flow boundaries are Java Sea in the North as a constant head boundary, Brontak River in the west, Pesanggrahan River in the east as a river boundary, and Srigunung hills in the south as a no-flow boundary. The aquifer system of the area is dominated by sand as an unconfined aquifer with a thickness maximum of 88 m and located up to 47 m below the surface. The recharge in the research area is approximately 950.5 mm/year. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifers is 0.16 m/day to 0.401 m/day. This hydrogeological conceptual model provides essential information for numerical groundwater models.
Alginate encapsulation technology of bacteria for promising self-healing concrete
Authors: Mauludin Luthfi Muhammad , Susanto Ambar , Keryanti  , Widiarnoko Gandhi , Hafizh Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Concrete is a material that is often used in construction in Indonesia. Concrete has the disadvantage that it tends to form cracks. The cracks that form start from small cracks and then enlarge, causing a decrease in quality. Self-healing concrete is a type of concrete that could repair itself with the help of healing agents in the form of bacteria. There are several methods of mixing bacteria into concrete, one of which is by mixing bacteria directly or using a shell which is often called encapsulation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the behavior of the addition of Bacillus Megaterium bacterial encapsulation in terms of compressive strength of concrete with encapsulation proportions of 0%, 2% and 4% by volume weight and using alginate-based shells. The samples used were 15 x 30 cm cylindrical specimens. These specimens were then tested after 7 days and 28 days. Based on test result, it was found that the highest compressive strength was obtained when 2% alginate capsules were added on day 7 and day 28, namely 25.6 MPa and 32.2 MPa. Concrete begun to heal after 2 weeks of curing based on visual observation.
Catalytic conversion of glycerol to formic acid under mild condition over an iron-based catalytic system
Authors: Sudarman Robby , Rasrendra Carolus Borromeus , Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas
Published: January 2024

Glycerol, produced in large amounts as the main by-product of biodiesel production from biomass, has great potential to be converted into formic acid which is a potential hydrogen carrier. This research aims to evaluate the performance of an iron-based catalytic system in the oxidation process of glycerol to formic acid. The methods used include preparing an iron (II) oxalate catalyst, determining the reaction medium and reaction time for glycerol oxidation, optimizing the conditions of the glycerol oxidation process, and analysing the glycerol oxidation products. Optimization of process conditions includes the influence of temperature, substrate/catalyst molar ratio, and oxidant/substrate molar ratio. The research showed that water was a better reaction medium for glycerol oxidation, with a reaction time of 240 minutes. Oxidation of glycerol with an iron (II) oxalate catalyst can produce formic acid products with the best results obtained at pH 5, temperature 50°C, substrate/catalyst molar ratio of 100, and oxidant/substrate molar ratio of four with 83.18% converted glycerol. The yield and selectivity of formic acid were 47.77% and 57.43% respectively. These results indicate that the iron-based catalytic system has the potential to be an effective catalytic system for glycerol oxidation under mild conditions.
Reliability, maintainability and availability analysis of solar power plant in Pantai Baru using voltage measurement data
Authors: Fitrianingtyas Patricia , Asy’ari Muhammad Khamim , Elyawati Neny , Musyafa Ali
Published: January 2024

The hybrid power plant in Pantai Baru, Yogyakarta stands as a noteworthy exemplar within the realm of existing solar power installations throughout Indonesia. Analysis of reliability, maintenance, and availability is needed to minimize problems at solar power plant’s electrical energy production process, so that renewable energy security and sustainability can be maintained. This study aims to determine the reliability, maintainability, and availability of solar panels with a capacity of 48 Volts at the hybrid power plant, Pantai Baru using the control chart method, Weibull distribution. Calculation of reliability, maintainability, and availability of solar panels is carried out using solar panel output voltage measurement data collected over the last 4 years. Time to failure, TTF and time to repair, TTR were obtained from out-of-scope data on the control chart and processed using software, namely Reliasoft Weibull ++ Version 6. The simulation results and calculations show that the distribution obtained from TTF and TTR is a three-parameter Weibull distribution, with a system reliability value of 0.3, maintainability value is 1 and availability value is 0.997 with a solar panel operating time period of 5 days. The reliability of each solar panel unit is 0.122 or 12.2%.
Performance comparison of DME and R134a refrigerants in a room air conditioner: Effect of subcool and superheat
Authors: Setyawan Andriyanto , Mitrakusuma Windy Hermawan , Simbolon Luga Martin
Published: January 2024

The demand for environmentally friendly refrigerants arises to anticipate two global environmental issues: global warming and climate change. The use of environmentally friendly refrigerants is one of the efforts to address these issues. This study aims to investigate the possibility of the use of dimethyl ether (DME) for substituting R134a that has been widely used worldwide. The simulation reveals that both subcool and superheat affect the performance of both refrigerants. The cooling capacity of R134a system increases with the increase of subcool and superheat. Meanwhile, even though the cooling capacity of DME increases with the increase of subcool, it decreases with the increase of superheat. For subcool 0C, DME has a coefficient of performance (COP) 4.8% higher than that of R134a although the cooling capacity is 4.5% lower. When the subcool is set at 8C, the cooling capacity of DME is 6.5% lower than R134a but the COP is 2.6% higher. Another important finding in this study is that the best performance of DME over R134a is obtained at low subcool and low superheat.
The effect of lime and phosphoric acid on the CBR value of soft soil based on curing time
Authors: Marques Alexandre , Syahril S. , Tita Elfrido Elias
Published: January 2024

Road construction, both for flexible and rigid pavements, needs to pay attention to the bearing capacity of the subgrade. Especially on soft clay soils. The method to determine the bearing capacity value is through CBR testing in the laboratory. Soft soil has a low bearing capacity, so it cannot accept the load acting on it, such as the soil in the Gedebage area of Bandung. Because the carrying capacity value is decreasing, it is necessary to improve the soil with soil stabilization methods. In this research, stabilization materials will be used in the form of lime with a percentage of 10% and phosphoric acid 5%. Aiming to increase the bearing capacity value of the soil based on the results of laboratory CBR tests with 3, 7, and 14 days of curing, as well as to determine the optimum curing period of the test. Based on the test results, very positive results were obtained because it can increase the soaked CBR of 0.8% and 3% unsoaked for the native soil to 5.6% for soaked and 15.23% for unsoaked CBR in soil that has been stabilized with a 14-day curing period. Thus, these stabilization results meet the minimum requirements for pavement subgrade.
A development of mobile application satellite link budget calculator – SATELEC
Authors: Jane Motal , Aisyah Wan Ibrahim Wan Siti
Published: January 2024

Link Budget is a calculation of gains and losses during transmission from transmitter to receiver in each communication system. In satellite communication, the main purpose of calculating link budget is to analyse the satellite system performance. One of the parameters to measure the satellite link performance is the Carrier to Noise ratio (C/N). There are a few satellite link calculators were developed using MATLAB/GUI and website. However, there are no available apps to help student to compare the calculated satellite link budget calculator for self-study. Therefore, a mobile apps called SATELEC was developed to calculate satellite link budget parameters. By using this satellite link budget calculator apps, all parameters such as Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP), Power Flux Density, Path Loss, Antenna Gain and Power Received can be calculated. After the value of power received is obtained, the value of Carrier to Noise ratio (C/N) can be determined by taking into account the noise in the communication. Results shows values obtained from the mobile is reliable after comparison with calculated value.
Enhancing course management and student monitoring through the myStudentStatus application: A user perception study
Authors: Nasir Nurul Nisa Binti Mohd , Wahab Herman Nordiadi Bin Abd
Published: January 2024

myStudentStatus is a student course status tracking system that has been developed to address the challenges academic advisors face in managing and monitoring student course status. This system provides academic advisors with comprehensive information about students’ final exam results and their performance in each course they have taken in quickly and accurately monitoring students’ academic progress. This system has also been able to assist academic advisors in identifying students who may be at risk of falling behind or dropping out of a course. This includes the student’s course status, including grades, completion of prerequisites and overall academic performance. This quantitative study involved 57 respondents consisting of lecturers and students of Polytechnic Kuching Sarawak. Overall, 100% of respondents acknowledged the effectiveness of the myStudentStatus application where the response for each evaluation item received the approval of respondents above 80%. This user-friendly myStudentStatus application is instrumental in increasing the productivity of academic advisors, reducing errors and indirectly improving student support services. By leveraging technology to streamline administrative processes, myStudentStatus contributes to a more efficient and effective education system that benefits both academic advisors and students.
Fish fry counter based on digital image processing method
Authors: Andini Dianthika Puteri , Riadi Indra Chandra Joseph , Al Ariiq Fathan
Published: January 2024

Large quantities of ornamental fish fry can be time-consuming and error-prone to count manually. The tedious counting of ornamental fish fry can also be stressful and result in the death of the fish fry, which can result in lost sales for ornamental fish businesses. In order to solve these issues for the ornamental fish businesses, the goal of this research is to develop a system for automatically counting the number of fish fry using the thresholding and morphology methods based on digital image processing. The fish fry counter has been tested with four distinct types of fish fry, is capable of counting up to 130 fish fry in 1-3 seconds for a single operation. The final result generated by this tool are an image with a description of the total number of fish fry encountered, the date and time of data collection, and the number of fish fry detected. This information are stored in a database with .xlsx extension. The experiments result appears that this tool can count the number of fish fry corresponding to different colored fish species. However, when calculating the total amount of fish fry that can fit into the container to its full capacity, the tool has an accuracy of 95.86% and an average error of 4.14% that is caused by the side of the container which contains fish fry that are not visible to the detection camera (blind spot).
The effect of using Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) on the AC-WC Marshall performance
Authors: Irawati Nurul , Akbardin Juang , Syahril S. , Marques Alexandre
Published: January 2024

The increasing population in Indonesia has resulted in the volume of vehicle traffic increasing. This condition causes problems with the quality of road pavement which is influenced by vehicle traffic loads. The Asphalt Concrete - Wearing Course (AC-WC) layer is the second wear layer on asphalt concrete and the top layer on flexible pavement. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste on the crack value, durability and resistance of AC WC Penetration 60/70 asphalt from Marshall characteristic analysis. This research was carried out using LDPE plastic waste additives with LDPE variations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% with a planned asphalt (Pb) content of 5% and a total test object weight of 1200 grams. This research uses experimental and trial and error methods. From the research results, it is known that the LDPE plastic content that meets the standards is 4% plastic content with a Void In Mix (VIM) of 5%, Void in The Minerale Aggregate (VMA) 15.2%, Void Filled with Asphalt (VFA) 67.1%, Marshall stability 1036.6 Kg, flow 3 mm, and Marshall Quotient 345.5 Kg /mm. With 4% LDPE plastic content, it can increase the minimize asphalt cracking.
Monitoring and protection method as elements of a mechanism for ensuring environmental safety in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Provodina E.V. , Nikolaychenko O.V. , Zaitseva O.V. , Golikova A.V. , Komissarenko E.S.
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the monitoring method and the protection method as elements of a mechanism for ensuring environmental safety in conditions of sustainable development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to form a mechanism that ensures environmental safety in conditions of sustainability, combining a diagnostic method and a protection method, which is universal in nature and capable of promptly responding to environmental violations in the context of changing social relations. The effectiveness of the methods used is associated with diagnostics of the state of the environment, carried out through monitoring. The method of protection includes restoration of broken environmental relations in cases of real damage to natural benefits, by filing claims for compensation for environmental damage and imposing sanctions. The justification for the socio-legal significance of the methods is carried out from the position of developing environmental consciousness, which ensures that subjects are deterred from unlawful environmental behavior in the future.
Application of computer models and Artificial Intelligence technologies to improve the quality of wastewater treatment
Authors: Semenova Tatyana , Sergienko Olga
Published: January 2024

The article provides a brief overview of the use of computer simulation models and artificial intelligence technologies to predict the quality of wastewater treatment from agro-industrial enterprises, which have a complex composition, variable flow rate and require taking into account a large number of factors both at the design and operation stages. This predetermines the need to model complex systems and predict the quality of cleaning using computer models and artificial intelligence technologies. Based on the reviewed foreign and Russian publications, a conclusion was made about the most common types of models currently used to predict the quality of wastewater treatment.
The object as the basis for the formation of mechanisms for the prevention of socially dangerous environmental threats
Authors: Provodina E.V. , Afanasyevskaya A.V. , Ivanova N.A. , Kurokhtina E.S. , Demkina E.A.
Published: January 2024

In conditions of rapidly changing social relations, any preventive mechanisms, and especially mechanisms for preventing emerging environmental threats, require regular review. The emerging social needs of society are the main driver of the emergence of new ways of harmful impacts on the environment. Therefore, it is the identification of social environmental needs that change at a specific stage of development of social relations that should be taken into account when forming objects of preventive influence. The results of the work are the formation of appropriate objects of preventive influence, as the basis of mechanisms for the prevention of socially dangerous environmental threats, the socially positive results of which meet the identified social needs of society, which corresponds to the achievement of the set goal.
Duration of phenophases ofSyringa sweginzowiiKoehne & Lingelsh. andSyringa komarowiiC.K.Schneid. sections Villosae C.K.Schneid and features of their growth in the conditions of the Middle Urals
Authors: Tishkina Elena , Semkina Lydia
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the study of phenophases ofSyringa sweginzowiiKoehne & Lingelsh. =Syringa tomentellasubsp.sweginzowiiandSyringa komarowiiC.K.Schneid. section Villosae C.K.Schneid in the collection of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The patterns of growth of annual vegetative and generative shoots have been established. The average duration of growth and development of branching shoots is 133 days. Features of the mechanisms of apical growth of vegetative and generative shoots are manifested in the form of differences and similarities in seasonal dynamics. Apical growth has similar seasonal dynamics curves in shape and is characterized by synchrony in all species, which can indicate the similarity of their mechanisms in different shoots. There are specific characteristics in the growth rate of lilacs; of the two species, Zvegintsov’s lilac is characterized by a high rate of apical and radial growth.
Parameters of the temperature optimum for cyanobacteria in the Kuibyshev reservoir
Authors: Selezneva K.V. , Selezneva A.V. , Seleznev V.A.
Published: January 2024

Based on the results of hydrometeorological observations in the period 2016-2021, the parameters of the optimum temperature zone (TTO) for the process of mass development of cyanobacteria in the Kuibyshev reservoir were determined. Such parameters of the optimum zone as duration, intensity, upper and lower boundaries depend on the hydrometeorological conditions of a particular year. For the period 2016-2021, the average duration of the OST was 44 days, the longest - 72 days and was observed in 2021, and the shortest - 11 days and was observed in 2019. The highest intensity of OST was observed in 2021, when 10 days were characterized by low intensity, 15 days by moderate intensity, 23 days by strong intensity, 24 days by very strong intensity and 7 days by extreme intensity. The lowest intensity was observed in 2019, when 10 days were characterized by low intensity and 1 day by high intensity. The upper border of the WTO in 2021 was observed on June 21, and the lower border on September 1. In 2019, the upper limit was observed on June 23, and the lower limit on July 26. For the process of mass development of cyanobacteria, the most favorable year is 2021, and the unfavorable year is 2019. It was found that with the increase in air and water temperature, the duration and degree of intensity of the temperature optimum zone increased. Consequently, with a further increase in air temperature due to global warming, the duration and intensity of the optimum temperature zone will only increase, which will activate the process of mass development of cyanobacteria, which will negatively affect the ecological state and water quality of the Kuibyshev reservoir.
Studying the impact of traditional and modern technologies on preserving the nutritional value of semi-finished fish products
Authors: Mayurnikova L.A. , Koksharov A.A. , Meshkov V.O. , Krapiva T.V. , Laa S.R.
Published: January 2024

One of the directions of the Strategy for the Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation is ensuring the food security and food independence of Russia, the competitiveness of domestic products in the global food markets and reducing the technological risks in the agro-industrial complex. In this regard, one should search for technologies that aim at preserving the nutritional value of finished products, in particular fish, as the primary source of iodine for the human body. According to the results of the analysis of scientific literature, the Sous-vide technology possesses advantages in terms of preserving the nutritional value of products and dishes. On the other hand, it is insufficiently studied for its wide practical application in the production conditions of the catering industry. There are studies on the influence of traditional and modern Sous-vide technology on the safety of the nutritional value of public catering products utilizing the microscopy method.
Application of a genetic algorithm in solving problems of environmental protection in agro-industrial production
Authors: Muhamediyeva D.T. , Safarova L.U. , Umarov D.I.
Published: January 2024

The study is devoted to the problems of environmental protection in agro-industrial production. The purpose of the work is to identify the main aspects of the negative impact of agro-industrial complexes on natural resources and to develop effective strategies to reduce environmental impact. The research methodology includes an analysis of the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and water resources, as well as an assessment of their impact on soil, water bodies and the atmosphere. The results obtained make it possible to identify key factors influencing the level of pollution and determine the prospects for the introduction of eco-technologies in agricultural production. The study provides important information for the development and implementation of sustainable development policies in the agro-industrial sector, taking into account the balance between food production and environmental conservation.
The influence of microbial preparations on the biological activity of the rhizosphere and the productivity of winter triticale
Authors: Gamzaeva R.S. , Bekish L.P.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results on the effect of microbial preparations on the biological activity of the rhizosphere and the productivity of winter triticale. The microbiological and biochemical indicators of the biological activity of the winter triticale rhizosphere were studied against the background of the use of microbial preparations agrofil, mizorin, rhizobact of the RZHF brand and the FZhF brand. Data were revealed on the increase in the number of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and actinomycetes when using agrofil, on the growth of micromycetes, actinomycetes, cellulose-decomposing microorganisms when treated with mizorin, the number of ammonifying microorganisms when treated with rhizobact preparations of the FZhF brand and the RZhF brand. Data on the beneficial effect of microbial preparations on the enzymatic pool of the winter triticale rhizosphere are presented. A high activity of phosphatase and peroxidase was noted when treated with the drug rhizobact brand FZhF, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase when using the drug rhizobact brand RZHF, invertase and catalase when inoculated with the drug agrofil. Conclusions are formulated on the decrease in urease activity and the increase in indicators of productivity elements for all variants of the experiment.
Bispectral optical cavity based on twin metamirrors
Authors: Shelling Neto Liam , Dickmann Johannes , Sauer Steffen , Kroker Stefanie
Published: January 2024

In this work, we introduce a new bispectral optical cavity concept for which we design twin pairs of highly reflective, ultra-low noise metamirrors. Metasurfaces, artificial structures composed of periodic or quasi-periodic arrays of nanostructures, offer unprecedented control over light properties, paving the way for new applications in areas from high-precision optical metrology to quantum science. Custom phase and an ultra-high reflection coefficient make these metasurfaces an ideal candidate to surpass traditional multilayer mirrors as metamirrors in precision interferometry, particularly by also minimizing thermal noise. The focusing metamirrors designed in this study expect to reflect 99.95% and 99.96% of the incoming light at both, 1064 nm and 1550 nm wavelength. Their planar counterparts even reach theoretical reflectivities of 99.9999% (1064 nm) and 99.9995% (1550 nm). These specialized metamirrors enable bispectral low-noise optical cavities, which would reduce the number of cavities in optical experiments or could be used as a versatile transfer cavity for frequency locking.