bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREPRINT: A global platform solution for Big Data in low-temperature thermochronology
Authors: Boone Samuel , Kohlmann Fabian , Noble Wayne , Theile Moritz , Beucher Romain , Kohn Barry , Glorie Stijn , Danišík Martin , Zhou Renjie , McMillan Malcolm , McInnes Brent , Gleadow Andrew , Nixon Angus
Published: November 2022

Low-temperature thermochronology is a powerful tool for constraining the thermal evolution of geological materials at temperatures (< ~300 °C) common in the upper crust in relation to geodynamics, continental crustal evolution, landscape evolution, and natural resource formation and preservation. However, complexities inherent to these analytical techniques can make interpreting the significance of results challenging, requiring them to be placed in their geological context through time. We present a novel tool for the geospatial archival, analysis and dissemination of low-temperature thermochronology data (i.e., fission track and (U-Th)/He), built as an extension to the open-access AusGeochem platform (https://ausgeochem.auscope.org.au) and which is freely accessible to scientists from around the world. To demonstrate the power and utility of the platform, three regional low-temperature thermochronology datasets from Kenya, Australia and the Red Sea are presented. By visualising and interrogating these data in their regional three-dimensional geological, geochemical, and geographic contexts, insights into their tectonic implications are revealed which could otherwise be overlooked.
Development, Reach, Acceptability and Associated Clinical Changes of a Group Intervention to Improve Caregiver-Adolescent Relationships in the Context of Adolescent Depression
Authors: Aitken Madison , Sagar Ameeta , Courtney Darren , szatmari peter
Published: November 2022

Background. Adolescents with depression often experience relationship problems with their caregivers, which predict poorer treatment outcomes. Personalizing interventions by targeting factors associated with poor treatment outcomes may enhance the effectiveness of interventions. We report the development and initial evaluation of an intervention designed to target caregiver-adolescent relationship problems in the context of adolescent depression.Methods. Following a literature search to identify established caregiver interventions, we developed a new group intervention for caregivers through an iterative process including 6 rounds of the group with n = 55 caregivers of adolescents age 13-18 in the context of an integrated care pathway for adolescent depression. Caregivers rated their family functioning at the beginning and end of the program and provided anonymous satisfaction ratings. Enrolment and attendance data were examined. Youth with lived experience of depression and their caregivers provided input that was incorporated in the final version of the intervention. Results. The final intervention consists of 8 weekly, 1.5 hour group sessions, delivered face-to-face, addressing: psychoeducation, the cognitive-behavioural model and caregiving, positive caregiving, listening and validation, expressing emotions effectively, and problem solving. Reach (59%), attendance (63%), and satisfaction (M = 92%) supported the feasibility of the program. Caregivers reported significant improvements in family functioning.Discussion. A group intervention is acceptable to caregivers of adolescents with depression and may be associated with improved family functioning. Further research is needed, including a randomized controlled trial to test effects of the intervention on various dimensions of the caregiver-youth relationship and on youth depression outcomes.
Hübner, Fahrbach, Lachner, & Scherer (2022). What predicts students’ future ICT literacy?
Authors: Hübner Nicolas , Fahrbach Thorsten , Lachner Andreas , Scherer Ronny
Published: November 2022

Information and communication technology (ICT) literacy is key to solving future societal challenges and to leading an independent and responsible life in an increasingly globalized and digitalized world. Hence, countries around the world have promoted research on students’ ICT skills and their inclusion in curricula. Despite these efforts, little is known about what predicts future ICT literacy, and prior research has almost exclusively conducted cross-sectional studies. In the present study, we addressed this gap by using data from a large-scale longitudinal study of 6,810 students in 311 schools from Germany. These students participated in the National Educational Panel Study over the course of secondary school (in Grades 6, 9, and 12). We were particularly interested in investigating potential spillover effects from skills and dispositions that are inherently fostered in school on ICT development. Thus, we considered a rich set of different types of predictors related to the students’ social, cultural, demographic, and learning backgrounds; their subject-specific motivation; and the composition of their schools, and we assessed the extent to which these variables explained variation in ICT literacy development at two key stages in the educational system (Grades 9 and 12). Our results indicated that prior ICT literacy was the most important predictor of future ICT literacy but more so for the development between Grades 9 and 12. In addition, variables related to the students’ learning background, followed by variables related to the composition of their schools and students’ subject-specific motivation explained future ICT literacy. Overall, the predictors explained between 49% and 67% of the variation in future ICT literacy. Our longitudinal findings suggest that the learning environment and students’ skills and dispositions are crucial for understanding ICT development and are indicative of the deliberate design of ICT interventions.
The COVID-19 marathon: demands and resources of crises managers in continuous operation
Authors: Thielsch Meinald , Röseler Stefan , Lamers Christoph , Hertel Guido
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic required the deployment of crisis management teams (CMTs) on an unprecedented scale. Due to their high level of responsibility and wide-ranging decision-making authority, the enduring resilience and health of CMT members is essential – yet, during pandemics they are permanently challenged. We tested six hypotheses based on the Job Demands-Resources model with 219 CMT members. In our preregistered analyses, we found most of the expected associations: Between demands and strain, moderated by leisure time resources, between resources and work engagement, as well as between strain and engagement and outcome measures such as evaluations of CMT members’ performance and quitting intention. Furthermore, we explore how the pandemic has changed from experts’ perspectives, describe lessons learned, and derive practical recommendations and suggestions for future research. Particularly, promoting specific resources should allow CMTs to buffer negative effects of unavoidable demands, and promote the long-term viability of these key crisis management entities.
A comparison of affective-cognitive states in daily life between emerging adults with and without past-year non-suicidal self-injury
Authors: Kiekens Glenn , Hasking Penelope , Nock Matthew , Kleiman Evan , Kirtley Olivia J , Houben Marlies , Boyes Mark Edward , Bruffaerts Ronny , Myin-Germeys Inez , Claes Laurence
Published: November 2022

Although the literature suggests trait-like differences in affective and cognitive vulnerabilities between individuals with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), little is known about how these dispositional differences are experienced in the natural environment. The present study compares the intensity, inertia, interaction, and variability of affective (negative and positive affect) and cognitive states (rumination, self-criticism) in the everyday lives of individuals who do and do not engage in NSSI. Using experience sampling methodology (ESM), 60 emerging adults (ages=18-22 years) with and without past-year NSSI (equally distributed) completed eight questionnaires per day for 12 days (in total, 96 questionnaires per participant), resulting in 4,587 assessments (median compliance=83.3%; IQR=71.9-91.7). In a dynamic structural equation modeling framework, dynamic parameters (i.e., mean intensity, carryover effects, spillover effects, and within-person variability) were evaluated using multilevel vector autoregressive models. Emerging adults who engage in NSSI experience higher intensity and greater variability of negative affect, rumination, and self-criticism, whereas those who do not engage in NSSI experience higher intensity and lower variability of positive affect. In addition, past-year NSSI predicted stronger affective-cognitive interactions over time, with stronger spillover effects of negative and positive affect on subsequent rumination and self-criticism in individuals who engage in NSSI. Depressive symptoms and trait levels of emotion dysregulation and self-criticism partially negated these differences. Our findings provide evidence that emerging adults who self-injure experience more negative affective-cognitive states in daily life and point to the potential relevance of boosting positive emotions to buffer negative cognitions.
Reducing alertness does not affect line bisection bias in neurotypical participants
Authors: Smaczny Stefan , Bauder Dominik , Sperber Christoph , Karnath Hans-Otto , de Haan Bianca
Published: November 2022

Alertness, or one’s general readiness to respond to stimulation, has previously been shown to affect spatial attention. However, most of this previous research focused on speeded, laboratory-based reaction tasks, as opposed to the classical line bisection task typically used to diagnose deficits of spatial attention in clinical settings. McIntosh et al. (2005) provide a form of line bisection task which they argue can more sensitively assess spatial attention. Ninety-eight participants were presented with this line bisection task, once with and once without spatial cues, and both before and after a 50-minute vigilance task that aimed to decrease alertness. A single participant was excluded due to potentially inconsistent behaviour in the task, leaving 97 participants for the full analyses. While participants were, on a group level, less alert after the 50-minute vigilance task, they showed none of the hypothesised effects of reduced alertness on spatial attention in the line bisection task, regardless of with or without spatial cues. Yet, they did show the proposed effect of decreased alertness leading to a lower level of general attention. This suggests that alertness has no effect on spatial attention, as measured by a line bisection task, in neurotypical participants. We thus conclude that, in neurotypical participants, the effect of alertness on spatial attention can be examined more sensitively with tasks requiring a speeded response compared to unspeeded tasks.
Conspiracy belief and non-normative behavior
Authors: Pummerer Lotte
Published: November 2022

There are many examples of people believing in conspiracy theories showing non-normative behaviors. But why is this the case? The current contribution proposes that the non-normative behavior of people believing in conspiracy theories is a natural consequence of a different social reality that is associated with the belief in conspiracy theories. This social reality is characterized by a tendency for distinction and distrust in social relationships, a different perception of descriptive norms, a questioning of the injunctive norms regarding specific behaviors, lower trust in institutions and traditional authorities, as well as alternative norms among people believing in conspiracy theories.
LoL, Why Do You Even Play? Validating the Motives for Online Gaming Questionnaire in the Context of League of Legends
Authors: Memeti Zgjim , Brühlmann Florian , Perrig Sebastian Andrea Caesar
Published: November 2022

Motives are essential concepts in understanding a player's experience in video games. We report and describe the analysis of a widely used questionnaire to measure players' motives in video games, the Motives for Online Gaming Questionnaire (MOGQ). The present research aimed to investigate the psychometric quality of the MOGQ in the context of League of Legends (LoL). The MOGQ is a 27-item self-report scale designed to measure the motives for playing online games. To this end, 256 participants completed an online survey asking about their experiences and motives to play LoL. Results of confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses indicate weaknesses in the original 7-factor model. By removing five conspicuous items from the original 7-factor model, we propose an alternative 22-item version of the MOGQ. Additional confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses results indicate that the 22-item version of the MOGQ is more suitable in the context of LoL than the original 27-item questionnaire. However, further investigation into the quality of this alternative version compared to the original questionnaire is needed.
Perceiving social gaze produces the reversed congruency effect
Authors: Ishikawa Kenta , Oyama Takato , Tanaka Yoshihiko , Okubo Matia
Published: November 2022

Many studies have shown that the gaze of others produces a unique attentional process, such as the eye contact effect or joint attention. This study investigated the attentional process triggered by various types of gaze stimuli (i.e., human, cat, fish, and robot gaze). A total of 190 university students participated in three experiments. They performed a spatial Stroop task in which four types of gaze stimuli were presented as targets. Participants were asked to judge the direction of the target (left or right) irrespective of its location (left or right). The results showed that the human and the cat targets produced a reversed congruency effect (Experiments 1 and 2). In contrast to the human and the cat targets, the fish and the robot target did not produce the reversed congruency effect (Experiments 2, and 3). These results suggest that attention to the gaze of socially communicable beings (i.e., humans and cats) is responsible for the reversed congruency effect. Our findings support the notion that the theory of mind or social interaction plays an important role in producing specific attentional processes in response to gaze stimuli.
Healthy ageing has divergent effects on verbal and non-verbal semantic cognition
Authors: Wu Wei , Lohani Suchismita , Homan Taylore , Krieger-Redwood Katya , Hoffman Paul
Published: November 2022

Semantic cognition refers to the storage and appropriate use of knowledge acquired over the lifespan and underpins our everyday verbal and non-verbal behaviours. Successful semantic cognition requires representation of knowledge as well as control processes which ensure that currently-relevant aspects of knowledge are retrieved and selected. Although these abilities have been widely studied in healthy young populations and semantically impaired patients, it is unclear how they change as a function of healthy ageing, especially for non-verbal semantic processing. Here, we addressed this issue by comparing the performance profiles of young and older people on a semantic knowledge task and a semantic control task, across verbal (word) and non-verbal (picture) versions. The results revealed distinct patterns of change during adulthood for semantic knowledge and semantic control. Older people performed better in both verbal and non-verbal knowledge tasks than young people. However, although the older group showed preserved controlled retrieval for verbal semantics, they demonstrated a specific impairment for non-verbal semantic control. These findings indicate that the effects of ageing on semantic cognition are more complex than previously assumed, and that input modality plays an important role in the shifting cognitive architecture of semantics in later life.
Qualitative Methods as Decolonised Pedagogical Praxis: Student and Educator Reflections on Embedding Photovoice in Undergraduate Course Curricula
Authors: Robertson Olly May
Published: November 2022

Photovoice is a qualitative research method where participants are empowered to curate and expand upon their everyday lives through photography. When used as a learning activity embedded within psychological curricula, Photovoice is an empowering tool which promotes student engagement and attainment. The present report reflects upon the use of Photovoice in small group teaching from both the student and educator’s perspectives. It presents the rationale and methods for using Photovoice within undergraduate small group teaching, and the use is evaluated and discussed. Photovoice reduces or removes hierarchical and normative power structures in the learning environment, centres student voices, and grounds abstract psychological concepts. Photovoice can be used to complement and extend other teaching practice to promote equitable outcomes and educational attainment for all students.
Resilience and Active Inference
Authors: Miller Mark , Albarracin Mahault , Pitliya Riddhi Jain , Kiefer Alex , Mago Jonas , Gorman Claire , Friston Karl , Ramstead Maxwell James
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we aim to conceptualize and formalize the construct of resilience using the tools of active inference, a new physics-based modeling approach apt for the description and analysis of complex adaptive systems. We intend this as a first step towards a computational model of resilient systems. We begin by offering a conceptual analysis of resilience, to clarify its meaning, as established in the literature. We examine an orthogonal, threefold distinction between meanings of the word “resilience”: (i) inertia, or the ability to resist change (ii) elasticity, or the ability to bounce back from a perturbation, and (iii) plasticity, or the ability to flexibly expand the repertoire of adaptive states. We then situate all three senses of resilience within active inference. We map resilience as inertia onto high precision beliefs, resilience as elasticity onto relaxation back to characteristic (i.e., attracting) states, and resilience as plasticity onto functional redundancy and structural degeneracy.
Soil fertility depletion is not a credible mechanism for population boom/bust cycles in early agricultural societies
Authors: Kondor Daniel , Turchin Peter
Published: November 2022

Soil fertility depletion presents a negative feedback mechanism that could have impacted early adopters of agriculture. In this paper, we present a formal mathematical analysis of the question whether such feedback can lead to population cycles in the context of early agriculturalists, such as the boom and bust patterns suggested by an increasing amount of evidence for Neolithic Europe. We do this by considering candidates of second-order analytic models that capture dynamical interaction among farmers and soil fertility. Using general mathematical arguments, we show that under plausible conditions, the feedback between population growth and soil resource depletion is unlikely to lead to population cycles. This result is the consequence of two factors. First, there is an important mathematical difference between biotic (i.e. logistic) and abiotic resource replenishment; soil nutrients are better modelled by the abiotic case which leads to more stable dynamics. Second, under realistic conditions, the resource replenishment process has fast time-scales compared to attainable population growth rates, reinforcing the tendency of stable dynamics. Both of these factors play a role when considering early agricultural societies, and imply that nutrient depletion is not a credible mechanism for patterns of boom and bust cycles observed in the archaeological record.
Minimizing Surface Run-off, Improving Underground Water Recharging, and On-site Rain Harvesting in the Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Bhattarai Keshav , Adhikari Ambika P.
Published: November 2022

Nepal’s political institutions and administrative units were thoroughly restructured in 2015 with the promulgation of the new Constitution. Several rural areas were combined to meet the definition of urban threshold criteria to classify rural areas into urban categories. Accordingly, over 3,900 local political and administrative units were amalgamated into 753 units, of which, 293 units are classified as urban. Within these newly defined urban areas, many natural environments have been converted into impervious surfaces such as paved roads, sidewalks, and building roofs. These impervious surfaces have drastically increased the amount of surface run-offs—often termed as “urban floods” --under increasing precipitation caused by global climate change. These incidences have negatively impacted to the groundwater recharge processes in the urban areas. Data on groundwater recharge rates are needed in the context of global climate change to understand the status of groundwater recharge processes in the urban areas of Nepal. However, due to various limitations, this study only focuses around the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal to understand: a) how the expansion of urban, peri-urban, and associated areas have resulted in decreasing groundwater recharges; b) how groundwater is affected by the year-to-year variability of precipitation amount (low and high intensity) with the conversion of the natural landscape into built-up areas; and c) how the changing trends in precipitation and evapotranspiration may impact future groundwater availability. This study is based on a review of the literature and the analysis of secondary data available from the government and various social media and authors' professional experiences. The study ends with some recommendations based on experiences from other parts of the world on groundwater recharge processes.
PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ORGANIK SEBAGAI BIOHANDSANITIZER DAN BIODESINFEKTAN BERBASIS ECO-COMMUNITY UNTUK MENCEGAH PENYEBARAN VIRUS CORONA
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Nasihin Iing , Herlina Nina , Supartono Toto , Kosasih Dede , Nurlaila Ai
Published: November 2022

Covid-19 telah menyebar secara luas keseluruh dunia melaluli perantara manusia ke manusia. Upaya memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus tersebut salah satunya dengan menjalankan perilaku hidup sehat dengan menjaga kebersihan diri dan lingkungan. Upaya tersebut dimulai dari tingkatan rumah tangga melalui suatu komunitas peduli lingkungan Bale Riung yang kemudian dikenal dengan Â â€œBale Riung Eco Community (BREC). Kegiatan diawali dengan fermentasi sampah organik buah dan sayuran untuk menghasilkan eco enzyme. Setelah itu eco enzyme dibuat biohandsanitizer dan biodesinfektan. Pengurangan sampah organik mulai terlihat sebagai dampak positifÂ  pengolahan sampah organik tersebut. Masyarakat sudah mulai menggunakan biodesinfektan untuk mengepel lantai, mencuci bak mandi dan membersihkan kaca. Tidak ditemukan indikasi adanya iritasi kulit setelah penggunaan biohandsanitizer.Â  Lingkungan rumah menjadi lebih bersih dan segar serta terbebas dari gangguan serangga yang membahayakan kesehatan. Kandungan asam asetat (H3COOH) dalam eco enzyme dapat membunuh kuman, virus dan bakteri. Sedangkan kandungan enzyme lipase, tripsin, amilaseÂ  mampu membunuh /mencegah bakteri patogen.Â Kata Kunci: Covid-19, sampah, eco enzyme, biohandsanitizer, biodesimfektan.
MARKETING SENSORIAL E PESSOAS IDOSAS
Authors: Teixeira Erick Demétrius Falcão , Zonatto Patrinês Aparecida França , Hollveg Scheila Daiana Severo , Bianchi Renata Coradini
Published: November 2022

O estudo se refere a importância do marketing sensorial e como ele influência na decisão de compra do público idoso. Possui como objetivo geral analisar a influência do marketing sensorial na decisão de compra por pessoas idosas no município de Santa Maria. A justificativa deste estudo se deve ao fato de que o mercado está cada vez mais disputado e, as empresas devem compreender como os sentidos afetam os consumidores para que não percam seus clientes e atraiam novos. A metodologia se caracteriza como descritiva e quantitativa, a coleta de dados foi através de um questionário usando a escala likert de 5 pontos. Os resultados evidenciam que o marketing sensorial influência na decisão de compra por pessoas idosas, pelas questões de que todos os cinco sentidos são levados em consideração na hora de consumir um produto/serviço e podem fazer com que as pessoas deixem de comprar se mal utilizado o marketing sensorial. Conclui se que partir dos resultados alcançados, o marketing sensorial tem influência na decisão de compra por pessoas idosas, visto que os sentidos atuam na percepção, comportamento, julgamento e no subconsciente afim de moldar as percepções do consumidor com relação as qualidades de um bem ou serviço.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE DE PACIENTES QUE SOFREM COM O TRANSTORNO DA DEPRESSÃO
Authors: Da Silva Jéssica Borges , Jaqueline Staudt Keli , Alves Izabel Almeida , Nascimento Joselene Conceição Nunes
Published: November 2022

Introdução: Os transtornos mentais e comportamentais são um grupo de doenças que causam impactos significativos na saúde dos indivíduos, sendo considerado um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Dentre os principais transtornos mentais encontra-se a depressão, uma doença, que interfere no estado de humor da pessoa e manifesta-se na forma de sintomas psicológicos e físicos. Neste contexto, o cuidado farmacêutico que envolve ações de promoção, prevenção, orientação e resolução de Problemas Relacionados aos Medicamentos, apresenta-se como uma ferramenta eficaz na promoção da saúde desses indivíduos. Objetivo: Baseado nesses aspectos, o presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar, através de uma revisão de literatura, a importância da prática da atenção farmacêutica voltada aos pacientes que sofrem do transtorno de depressão com o enfoque na promoção da saúde desses pacientes. Métodos: Foram captados artigos de periódicos indexados, nas bases de dados cientificas PubMed®, SciELO e Google Acadêmico, além de publicações fornecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde e pela Organização mundial da Saúde, Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde e Ministério da Saúde. Resultados e conclusão: A amostra foi composta por nove artigos e as evidências foram organizadas em duas categorias. Dessa forma, pode-se observar as ferramentas da Atenção Farmacêutica, fornece subsídios educativos para que os indivíduos que sofrem com os transtornos da depressão tenham oportunidade para aderir ao tratamento farmacológico de forma segura e eficaz, além disso, incentivar o uso racional de medicamentos.
Characterizing and Modeling the Role of Servant Leadership Style on the Customer Lifetime Value
Authors: Safari Mohammad , Karimi Milad
Published: November 2022

Traditional theories of leadership are based on the hierarchical model in which followers at lower levels as organizational members are required to comply with the commands no longer meet the needs and expectations due to dynamic changes in the business environment and consequently a new and progressive leadership model is necessary. The servant Leadership model is a form of leadership that is focusing on the relationship between leader and follower in terms of service provision, growth, development, and empowerment. On the other hand, the move toward a customer‐centric approach to marketing coincides with the emergence of a new paradigm and increased access to customer information, which has led to an enormous current interest in customer lifetime value (CLV) in both quantitative and qualitative approaches. This research aimed to investigate the role of servant leadership on customer lifetime value in the banking sector in the form of an innovative model. For this purpose, using a descriptive‐analytical method in a framework of the case study of a governmental commercial bank and also by using structural equation modeling, appropriate statistical analysis, and fitness indices the proposed research conceptual model was analyzed and explained. The results demonstrated the positive and significant influences of key variables including servant leadership and its six identified components on the customer lifetime value mainly through a structural model in the context of the banking sector. Empirical results showed that the proposed model was highly confirmed and can effectively discover and predict the effects of servant leadership on the customer lifetime value.
Market Share as a Performance Measure: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Hsu Tommy
Published: November 2022

In this article, the author provides an overview of the literature in the market share research and proposes a comprehensive model which can empirically investigate the relationship between market share and profitability. Also, several potential theoretically-driven moderators that may have impact on the MS-Profitability relationship are identified and included in the proposed model. Of the moderators, the author divides them into two different groups: firm-specific and market-specific. The difference between these two groups can also further provide business managers some implications for their practices.
An Analysis of Scenarios and Sensitivity Following Environmental Damage: the Vale Do Rio Doce and Petrobrás Case
Authors: Maia Vasconcelos César Ricardo , El-Aouar Walid Abbas
Published: November 2022

The human activity that generates profits also brings impacts, whose losses can trigger several other problems. Upon considering the last ecological disasters that took place in Brazil, this study aims at identifying the understanding of what happens with the profit of companies that disclose events that involve environmental damages by using the Petróleo Brasileiro Petrobrás S.A. and Vale S. A. share prices as a study compared with Ibovespa, the Brazilian stock index. The research is classified as a quantitative, descriptive approach carried out through a Survey. Data collection was performed via stock opening and closing prices, maximum and minimum quotes, and the number of days until the stocks regained their value, which happened immediately before disclosure. The results showed investors, managers, and researchers that stock profit averages from companies that disclose their environmental damages have no meaningful differences concerning the non-diversified, systemic Ibovespa index, but recovering such profits takes longer.
Understanding the Ergonomics of Attrition
Authors: Chatterjee Sidharta
Published: November 2022

Although the paradigm of problems and their solutions are vastly diverse in business organizations, yet this paper focuses on two specific but important issues relating employee empowerment to their efficiency that are tied to higher attrition rates in some companies that are of much concern to senior managements. The causes are modelled and explained. The causes often relate to faulty and inadequate employee empowerment and motivation systems in place. This paper attempts to address two unique problems associated with workforce learning and organizational empowerment that could be solved using knowledge management approaches. These are: i. What causes high attrition and reduced performance? ii. What changes in organizational learning structures should be implemented to address these problems? A mathematical model has been designed based on which axiomatic inferences have been derived to explain the problems and seek strategic solutions for the same. Our findings suggest that organizations must do more to support and promote employee empowerment by looking categorically into the problem issues that affect overall organizational efficiency. We hope our model successfully helps to elucidate the problem explained insofar in this research by addressing the core issues that define such problem statements. Organizations should strive to develop strategic tools to handle problems of employee attrition that are often the result of lack of oversight, and implementation of poorly executed strategies.
Business Model for Continuous Enterprise Sustainability
Authors: Ahmić Azra
Published: November 2022

Due to higher requirements for achieving sustainable development goals, current challenging sociopolitical climate and internationalization, business models remain problematic, resulting in a more complex global competition among firms and the need for sustainability incorporation. Throughout this study, a conceptual model based on the systematic literature review was applied as the methodology, with the study's purpose to propose the new Model of Continuous Enterprise Sustainability, which is designed to facilitate and enhance enterprise management in today's demanding and complex business environment by providing concise steps for effectively incorporating sustainability into day‐to‐day business activities. Five essential components, through their interconnectedness, form the Model of Continuous Enterprise Sustainability, which smooth the path of sustainable management in a dynamic environment, which are as follows: (1) situational factors, (2) creating factors/processes, (3) triple‐sustainable results, (4) organizational results, and (5) continuous stakeholder communication, optimization, innovation and learning. This conceptual model contributes in the first line to advancement and detail explanation of how to achieve sustainable human, financial and natural resources management within enterprises. In addition to directions for sustainable internal resources management, this model also involves clarification how to strategically manage with external resources and prime stakeholders in order to integrate meaningful sustainability matters in firm's business core and create continuously greater value for firm and its prime interested parties.
Process Optimization of the Selected Business Using a Process Approach
Authors: Kajba Milena , Jereb Borut
Published: November 2022

The aim of our research was to optimize the existing process approach of the selected small business (SME), due to the desire for long-term effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and market competitiveness. SMEs have several specific characteristics related to their limited size, lower level of diversification, low capital strength, limited market, and higher risk. On the other hand, they are more flexible, as they can adapt quickly to new conditions, have closer contact with customers and are very important for economy employment. Due to inevitable need of business management improvement and performance optimization, a process snapshot was performed to obtain the existing process approach. Based on the snapshot, identification of critical points was perpetuated, which enabled obtaining basic decision-making information. Based on the latter, a critical analysis of necessary furtherance’s was carried out: improvements of specific activities and elimination of redundant or unnecessary activities. For the purpose of real SME environment improvement of performance, we made a proposed problem solution, which represents an improved and optimized process approach for all of the fundamental processes of the company, based on the ISO 9001:2015 standard. Proposed optimized process approach was implemented immediately but gradually. The results were measured based on the overall number of proposed improvements (through the implemented renewed process approach) and the number of improvements that had been implemented by the time this research was conducted. It is estimated that the proposed solution has already been implemented (certain activities completely, others partially) in 62%. Even due to the partial implementation of optimized process approach, the business’s results have improved. This is reflected in increased market demand by 7% due to more efficient, faster order fulfillment and increased income by 3,5%, compared to the previous two years. The latter emphasizes the importance of a process approach implementation, which affects the improvement of productivity and efficiency, increases knowledge sharing amongst employees, enables collaborative workplace, flexibility and agility of the company, easier compliance with regulations, improves customer experience, reduces costs, and enables higher revenues.
Malnutrition- causes, consequences and treatment
Authors: Grajeta Halina Grajeta
Published: November 2022

Niedożywienie jest poważnym problemem zdrowotnym i społecznym na świecie. Na ryzyko niedożywienia najbardziej narażone są dzieci, osoby starsze i przewlekle chore. Zaburzenia odżywiania, które prowadzą do niedoborów składników odżywczych pogarszają funkcjonowanie całego organizmu. Utrudniona regeneracja i większa liczba powikłań to zwiększona zachorowalność i śmiertelność osób niedożywionych. Niedożywienie najczęściej wynika z niewystarczającej podaży składników odżywczych i energii. Utrata masy ciała i sarkopenia towarzyszą upośledzeniu pracy układu krążenia, oddechowego, immunologicznego, pokarmowego oraz zaburzeniom gospodarki elektrolitowej. Ocena stanu odżywienia umożliwia rozpoznanie objawów nieodżywienia i dobranie odpowiedniego sposobu leczenia. Niedożywienie może być związane z sytuacją ekonomiczną i głodem, a także z chorobą nasilającą katabolizm lub pewnym stopniem niepełnosprawności, które powodują zmniejszenie podaży pokarmu, zaburzenia wchłaniania, zwiększoną utratę lub wzrost zapotrzebowania na składniki odżywcze. Istotne są także czynniki społeczne i psychologiczne, rodzaj stosowanej farmakoterapii, jak również fizjologiczne zmiany w organizmie towarzyszące starzeniu lub procesom zapalnym. Zaburzenie funkcji układu odpornościowego sprzyja nawracającym infekcjom. Stan niedożywienia wpływa na utrudnione gojenie się ran i zwiększa prawdopodobieństwo występowania odleżyn. Zaburza także funkcje przewodu pokarmowego i skóry, osłabia zdolności psychomotoryczne, prowadzi do zmian w obrębie tkanki mięśniowej i kości oraz wpływa na płodność i stan psychiczny. Negatywny wpływ niedożywienia na wyniki leczenia ma związek ze zwiększeniem toksyczności stosowanych leków, większą liczbą powikłań i zakażeń szpitalnych. Powoduje to wydłużenie hospitalizacji i znaczne zwiększenie kosztów opieki zdrowotnej. Leczenie żywieniowe obejmuje ocenę stanu odżywienia i zapotrzebowania organizmu na składniki odżywcze, konsultację dietetyczną oraz zastosowanie odpowiednio zbilansowanej diety, a następnie monitorowanie stanu odżywienia. Drogą z wyboru jest żywienie drogą przewodu pokarmowego (żywienie doustnie) za pomocą specjalnych diet przemysłowych (DSP), które są dostosowane składem do różnych sytuacji klinicznych. Celem pracy było przedstawienie, na podstawie przeglądu piśmiennictwa, przyczyn występowania niedożywienia, jego konsekwencji zdrowotnych oraz możliwości leczenia żywieniowego.
Eating behaviours of a group of Polish people living in Poland and the United Kingdom
Authors: Malczyk Ewa , Malczyk Agnieszka , Krawczyk Anna
Published: November 2022

Wprowadzenie. Zjawisko emigracji jest złożone, dla emigrantów jest doświadczeniem osobistym i emocjonalnym, a więc – subiektywnym. Życie na emigracji często różni się, a wielokrotnie w znacznym stopniu, od życia w ojczystym kraju, wiąże się z koniecznością osiedlenia w nowych, najczęściej odmiennych warunkach bytowych, społecznych i kulturowych. Większość emigrantów stopniowo zmienia swój sposób żywienia przyjmując zasady żywienia kraju gospodarza. Jednak zawsze powinno się pamiętać o prawidłowych zachowaniach żywieniowych, które wsparte aktywnością fizyczną są najskuteczniejszym sposobem zapobiegania przewlekłym chorobom niezakaźnym. Leży to w interesie większości społeczeństw na całym świecie, niezależnie od miejsca zamieszkania, a także ruchów emigracyjnych.
Cel. Celem pracy było porównanie zachowań żywieniowych Polaków mieszkających w Polsce i w Wielkiej Brytanii.
Materiał i metody. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz ankiety składający się z pytań o płeć, wiek, wykształcenie, status społeczny, kraj zamieszkania, okres zamieszkania poza ojczyzną, masę i wysokość ciała oraz 30 pytań dotyczących zachowań żywieniowych. W oparciu o test niezależności Chi^2 dokonano oceny zależności pomiędzy zachowaniami żywieniowymi respondentów mieszkających w Polsce i zachowaniami żywieniowymi respondentów mieszkających w Wielkiej Brytanii. Za poziom istotności przyjęto p<0,05.
Wyniki. Badana grupa Polaków mieszkająca dłużej niż 5 lat w Londynie w porównaniu z rodakami mieszkającymi w kraju spożywała mniej posiłków w ciągu dnia, częściej spożywała gotowane warzywa, a rzadziej sery twarogowe i ziemniaki. Jednak w kilku aspektach zdrowego odżywiania grupa brytyjska poprawiła swoje zachowania żywieniowe, a mianowicie częściej spożywała nasiona roślin strączkowych oraz w umiarkowanych ilościach spożywała kawę, a rzadziej spożywała sery żółte, wędliny oraz słodkie napoje gazowane.
Wnioski. Zachowania żywieniowe Polaków mieszkających w Wielkiej Brytanii (Londyn) i mieszkających w kraju różniły się w zakresie liczby spożywanych posiłków w ciągu dnia, częstotliwości spożycia serów żółtych i twarogowych, wędlin, ziemniaków, nasion roślin strączkowych, słodzonych napojów gazowanych, liczby wypijanych filiżanek kawy oraz postaci spożywanych warzyw.
Effects of microplastic-contaminated foods on the digestive system
Authors: Kadac-Czapska Kornelia , Knez Eliza , Grembecka Małgorzata
Published: November 2022

Mikroplastik (MP) to materiał syntetyczny o wysokiej zawartości polimerów, którego cząstki wykazują rozmiar od 0,1 do 5000 µm. Może być on klasyfikowane w zależności od pochodzenia na: pierwotny i wtórny. Pierwotny MP to cząstki produktów wytworzonych (np. higieny osobistej), natomiast wtórny to niezamierzone szczątki rozpadu tworzywa sztucznego.
MP może wpływać na zdrowie ludzi w sposób pośredni i bezpośredni. Najczęstszą drogą narażenia na MP jest układ pokarmowy. Potwierdzono występowanie mikroplastiku w produktach żywnościowych, takich jak ryby, owoce morza, woda, herbata, napoje bezalkoholowe, napoje energetyczne, piwo, wino, mleko, miód, sól, cukier oraz w różnego rodzaju warzywach i owocach (np. w marchwi, brokule, sałacie, jabłku, gruszce). Najpopularniejsze są cząstki powstałe na bazie: polietylenu, polipropylenu, poli(chlorku winylu), polistyrenu, poli(tereftalanu etylenu), poliamidu, poliwęglanu oraz poliuretanu. Zagrożenia zdrowotne powstające w skutek spożycia wymienionych materiałów wynikają z ich składu, ilości, a także wielkości i kształtu cząstek. MP jest spożywany mimowolnie wraz z pożywieniem. Wykazano, że ludzie na całym świecie mogą konsumować nawet do 5 g mikrocząstek plastiku tygodniowo. Obecność MP w układzie pokarmowym została potwierdzona badaniami kału ludzkiego.
MP w zależności od miejsca, w którym zostanie zakumulowany, w różny sposób wpływa na funkcjonowanie układu pokarmowego. Gromadzi się on w narządach, takich jak wątroba i jelita. Może być przyczyną rozwoju przewlekłych stanów zapalnych jelit, w tym choroby Leśniowskiego-Crohna, a także wpływać na skład mikrobiomu. Zmiany w różnorodności mikrobioty jelitowej mogą skutkować powstawaniem dysbiozy.
MP jest obecny w krwioobiegu i tą drogą może przedostawać się do narządów. Kontakt z nim wiąże się z ryzykiem wystąpienia stresu oksydacyjnego, zmianami w podziałach i żywotności komórek, uszkodzeniami DNA, reakcjami immunologicznymi, zwiększeniem ryzyka nowotworów, chorobami układu oddechowego i neurodegeneracyjnymi.
Niniejsza praca przedstawia informacje dotyczące MP, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jego obecności w żywności oraz wpływu na układ pokarmowy.
Oferta de hortaliças microverdes em Manaus, Amazonas
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Ferreira Ítala Lorena de Lima , Gentil Daniel Felipe de Oliveira ,   Universidade Federal do Amazonas
Published: November 2022

Microgreens became a trend and it was noticed that few supermarket chains offer these vegetables. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the current state of supply of microgreen vegetables. In the research carried out, supermarkets were distributed in most areas of the city, with 56.25% located in the central-south area and the others distributed in the central-west areas (6.25%), north (6.25%), east (6.25%) and west (25.00%). The arugula and radish are the most frequently offered, while coriander is the least commercialized. Finally, the lack of producers of this type of vegetables in the region also appears to be an important factor for the low supply of microgreens in Manaus.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ODONTOGENIC INFECTION AT dr. HASAN SADIKIN GENERAL HOSPITAL DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Simarmata Reiner Avelino , Priyanto Winarno , Hardianto Andri
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

 

Introduction : Odontogenic infection is one of the most common infections in the oral cavity. Odontogenic infections will spread through three stages; dentoalveolar stage, spatial stage, and a further stage which is the complication stage. There was a tendency to delay dental treatment due to suppress the number of COVID-19 infection, therefore it was interesting to study the characteristic of patients suffering odontogenic infections in the Oral Surgery Department of dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods : The sample in this study were patients diagnosed with odontogenic infection at the Inpatient Installation of dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 – August 2021, 66 patients met the inclusion criteria. This research was conducted using total sampling. This research is a retrospective descriptive study using medical records of patients diagnosed with odontogenic infections.

Results: Based on the age, most of the odontogenic infection patients were over 48 years old, with 29 people. Based on the gender criteria, most of them were male, with a total of 45 people. Based on the occupation criteria, most of them were entrepreneur, with a total of 21 people. Based on the education criteria, most of them were at the senior high school level, with 41 people. Based on the ethnicity, most of them were Sundanese, with a total of 65 people. Based on the marital status criteria, most of them were married, with 58 people. Based on the spatial involvement mostly with 3 spatial involvement with 24 people. Based on the length of stay criteria, most of them stayed for 1-2 days with a total of 19 people. Particularly based on the COVID-19 status, most of them were COVID-19 negative about 61 people.
The Effectiveness of Expressive Arts Group Therapy in Resilience and Emotion Regulation Among Addicts Undergoing Rehabilitation
Authors:   Department of Psychology, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran., Raghibi Mahvash , Jafari Kahkha Saeede ,   Department of Psychology, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Addiction is one of the most important social issues influencing all aspects of people’s lives, including personal, social, physical, and mental. Given the increasing rate of addiction and its associated irreparable damages to the community, , the methods of preventing and treating addiction should be meticulously investigated. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of expressive arts group therapy in resilience and emotion regulation among addicts undergoing rehabilitation. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was followed a pretest-posttest design with a control group. A sample of 30 addicts (15 people assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group) undergoing rehabilitation from March to June 2017 at Mohabbat Addiction Treatment Center in Zahedan City, Iran, were selected using the convenience sampling method. Ten 45-minute sessions of expressive arts group therapy were carried out in the experimental group. After completing the sessions, a posttest was conducted. To collect data, Connor and Davidson’s resilience scale and emotional self-regulation questionnaire were used. Results: Results of analyses of covariance indicated that expressive arts group therapy was effective on resilience and emotion regulation among the addicts undergoing rehabilitation. Conclusion: Accordingly, using expressive arts group therapy is recommended to promote resilience and emotion regulation among addicts undergoing rehabilitation.