bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Kiwi Way: New Zealand’s COVID-19 Elimination Strategy
Authors: Wardhani (Scopus ID: 57201260683) Baiq
Published: December 2020

Esai ini mengulas keberhasilan Strategi Eliminasi yang dilaksanakan oleh Selandia Baru. Pengalaman Selandia Baru terbilang unik karena keberhasilan negara ini dalam menghadapi COVID-19 mungkin tidak bisa dilakukan oleh negara lain. Strategi yang diadopsi PM Jacinda Ardern ini merupakan respon reaktifnya atas memburuknya situasi kesehatan global yang menjadi ancaman bagi negaranya. Penulis berargumen, keberhasilan sebuah negara dalam menangani pandemi global ini, dan mungkin juga untuk berbagai bentuk krisis, ditentukan oleh dua faktor, yaitu ‘nurture’ dan ‘nature’. Faktor ‘nurture’ dalam esai ini adalah kesediaan semua pihak untuk bekerja sama: pemerintah, pihak oposisi, dan masyarakat. Pengalaman Selandia Baru mengungkapkan bahwa negara ini memiliki tingkat kohesi sosial yang relatif tinggi, yang dibangun selama ratusan tahun, walaupun kohesi sosial Selandia Baru bukan tanpa kekurangan. Faktor ‘nature’ ditentukan oleh kondisi yang melekat, bersifat alamiah dan relatif konstan, yaitu faktor geografi. Selandia Baru beruntung dengan lokasinya yang terpencil, membuatnya lebih percaya diri untuk menekan pandemi sampai tingkat maksimal dengan berbagai kontrol perbatasan. Sementara faktor ‘nature’ lebih merupakan ‘keberuntungan’, faktor ‘nurture’ dapat terjadi hanya melalui pembelajaran.Kata-kata kunci: Selandia Baru, Strategi Eliminasi, geografi, kepemimpinanThis essay reviews the success of the Elimination Strategy implemented by New Zealand. This country’s experience in dealing with COVID-19 is unique, and it may not be possible for other countries. The strategy reflects Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern’s response to the worsening global health situation that poses a threat to her country. I argue the success of any country in dealing with this global pandemic, and perhaps also for various forms of the crisis determines by both ‘nature’ and ‘nurture’ factors. The ‘nurture’ factor is the willingness of all parties to work together: the government, the opposition, and society. New Zealand’s experience reveals that this country has a relatively high level of social cohesion crafted for hundreds of years, yet it is not without shortcomings. The ‘nature’ factor is determined by the original, natural, and relatively constant conditions, namely geography. New Zealand’s remote location makes it more confident to suppress the pandemic to the maximum level with border controls. While the ‘nature’ factor is predetermined, the ‘nurture’ factor can occur only through learning.Keywords: New Zealand, Elimination Strategy, geography, leadership
Italy on COVID-19: Response and Strategy
Authors: Pratiwi Fadhila Inas , Salamah Lilik
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) in Italy was remarkably immense, with more than two hundred thousand infected cases, and more than thirty thousand people had died because of the virus as of 27th July 2020. The high number of mortality rate makes the Italy case is essential to be further explored. This article aims to elaborate on government response and strategy in handling COVID-19 that spread within the country. This article unfolds in four sections; the first part discusses how COVID-19 could spread massively in Italy and cause death for a thousand people. The second part explains the government measure and its effectivity in containing the virus. The third part elaborates on the impact of COVID-19 along with the government response in the socio-economic aspect. The last part explores the future of Italy after COVID-19. The article employs a literature review that analyzes information from various sources such as academic journals, research reports from the think tank, and news media outlets. Keywords: Coronavirus, Italy, Government, Response Kasus coronavirus di Italia sangat tinggi dan massif dengan lebih dari dua ratus ribu orang terinfeksi dan lebih dari lima puluh ribu orang meninggal pertanggal 27 Juli 2020. Tingginya jumlah orang yang terinfeksi dan jumlah orang yang meninggal membuat Italia menjadi kasus yang menarik untuk dibahas. Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengelaborasi tentang bagaimana respon dan strategi pemerintah Italia dalam menangani virus yang sudah menyebar di Italia. Artikel ini terdiri dari empat bahasan, pertama membahas tentang awal mula COVID-19 bisa menyebar secara masif di Italia dan mengakibatkan puluhan ribu orang meninggal. Kedua, membahas tentang bagaimana respon dari pemerintah Italia dan juga efektifitasnya dalam menangani penyebaran virus ini. Ketiga, membahas tentang dampak yang diakibatkan dari COVID-19 beserta respon pemerintah terhadap aspek sosio-ekonomi di Italia. Keempat, mendiskusikan bagaimana masa depan Italia setelah COVID-19. Artikel ini menggunakan tinjauan pustaka untuk melakukan analisis terkait dengan topik artikel yang berasal dari banyak sumber seperti jurnal akademis, laporan peneltian, artikel berita dan lain sebagainya.  Kata-kata Kunci: Coronavirus, Italia, Pemerintah, Respons
Ethiopia and Health Diplomacy during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Puspitasari Irfa
Published: December 2020

Meskipun banyak pengamat studi Hubungan Internasional pesimis terhadap kerjasama antar negara, namun tulisan ini berupaya berargumentasi sebaliknya. Mewabahnya Covid-19 di awal tahun 2020 mengubah dinamika hubungan internasional. Respon negara yang sigap dan tepat, dapat meminimalkan kerugian akibat minimnya sumber daya dan kondisi krisis kesehatan maupun ekonomi sosial. Keberhasilan negara dalam merespon secara sigap semakin meningkat keberhasilannya dengan diplomasi kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh negara tersebut sehingga mendapatkan dukungan internasional dari pemerintah negara lain, dari kawasan maupun dari lembaga internasional. Tulisan ini berupaya membuktikan hal tersebut melalui pengalaman yang terjadi di Ethiopia. Kata-kata kunci: Covid- 19, Diplomasi Kesehatan, Ethiopia, dukungan internasional Many scholars of International Relations studies are pessimistic about cooperation between countries, however this paper attempts to argue the opposite. Covid-19 outbreak in early 2020 changed the dynamics of international relations. An alert and appropriate response from the state can minimize losses despite lack of resources amid health and social economic crises. The country's success in responding swiftly has increased with health diplomacy carried out by the country so that it has received international support from other governments, regional as well as from international institutions. This paper seeks to prove this through Ethiopia’s experiences.Keywords: Covid 19, Health diplomacy, Ethiopia, international support
PENGGUNAAN KITOSAN SEBAGAI ADSORBEN PROTEIN PADA LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DESA TINALAN, KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Restuaji Ibnu Muhariawan , Oktavia Ira
Published: December 2020

Protein merupakan senyawa yang banyak terkandung di dalam limbah cair tahu. Kadar protein yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan kenaikan BOD dan COD limbah cair tahu di lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan kitosan dalam mengadsorpsi protein limbah cair tahu dari Desa Tinalan, Kota Kediri. Kadar protein awal limbah cair tahu yang teramati menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis yaitu 0,0904%. Pada saat adsorpsi, massa kitosan yang digunakan yaitu 0,25 g; 0,5 g; 0,75 g dan 1 g dengan kode sampel masing-masing kitosan-LCT1; kitosan-LCT2; kitosan-LCT3 dan kitosan-LCT4. Kitosan ditambahkan ke limbah cair tahu dan diaduk selama 8 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa massa kitosan yang optimum dalam mengadsorpsi protein limbah cair tahu adalah 0,25 g (kitosan-LCT1). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan penurunan kadar protein limbah cair tahu hingga 37,78%. Hasil SEM menegaskan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan morfologi permukaan pada kitosan-LCT1 yang berbentuk pipih dan guratan putih. Hal ini menunjukkan telah terjadi proses adsorpsi antara kitosan dan protein. Selain itu, adsorpsi juga menyebabkan peningkatan pH limbah cair tahu mencapai 6 – 7.Kata kunci : Protein, Limbah Cair Tahu, Kitosan, Adsorpsi
STUDI POTENSI LIMBAH TEMBAKAU MENJADI BIO-OIL MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAST-PYROLYSIS SEBAGAI ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: Amin Rafiqi Rajauddin , Sova Rimbi Rodiyana , Laily Dewinta Intan , Maharani Dina Kartika
Published: December 2020

The rapid development of industry causes the need for fuel and energy to increase, especially fossil fuels (petroleum). This has the effect of an energy crisis. Biomass is of particular concern as one of the renewable energy sources to address the current energy crisis.  Biomass consists of hemiselulose, cellulose, and lignin that can be converted into liquids (bio-oils) of pyrolysis. One of the wastes that can be converted into bio-oil is tobacco waste. Tobacco waste is produced by more than 2 million tons eachs. The waste has the potential to be further processed into bio oil using fast pyrolysis method with efficient and quality bio-oil manufacturing measures. The bio-oil results from tobacco waste using the fast pyrolysis method have values of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and other organic compounds and the H/C ratio is greater than the yield of tobacco waste bio-oil using the low pyrolysis method. Where the bio-oil of tobacco waste using the fast pyrolysis method has a high heating value equivalent to the distribution of hydrocarbons from biodiesel, which means it has the potential as an alternative energy to replace petroleum. The potential as a substitute fuel for petroleum must also be balanced with fast and efficient production, maximizing bio-oil production by selecting the reactor and the optimum temperature usedKeywords: Waste, Tobacco, Bio-Oil, Renewable Energy, Fast-pyrolisis
Pre-referral management of patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia in a district hospital, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Pardomuan Daniel Yoseph , Prasetyo Budi , Pranadyan Rizki
Published: December 2020

Objective: This study aims to determine the enforcement of diagnosis, management and description of the referral system of PEB and eclampsia patients at Level I Health Facilities and South Konawe Hospital in January-December 2017Materials and Methods: This study used an observational descriptive design, carried out in the Maternity Room of South Konawe Hospital on 1 January-31 December 2017. There were 47 cases of PEB/Eclampsia from 420 total cases. Most cases of PEB/Eclampsia in Konsel Hospital suffered by pregnant women aged> 35 years, as many as 27 cases (59%). age 21- 34 years, 15 (31%) and the lowest among women aged <20 years, as many as 5 cases (10%). Multigravida, which is 38 cases (81%) and 9 cases 19%) in primigravida. Pregnancy> 34 weeks is 46 cases (98%) and 1 case (2%) at <34 weeks gestation. There were 39 referral cases (83%) all of which were counseled and 8 non-referral cases (17%), where completeness of the tools, medicines and referral letters obtained 39 cases (100%) incomplete.Results: The administration of antihypertensive drugs was given to 89% of cases, and MgSO4 was not given to 100% of cases of PEB/Eclampsia referred to RSUD Konawe Selatan due to fear of officers in providing such therapy to PEB/Eclampsia patients. Examination of urine protein as a support for PEB/Eclampsia cases was recorded in 69% of referral cases at the Konawe Selatan General Hospital.Conclusion: From the whole data, it was found that the pre-requisite conditions had not been fulfilled properly. Referral should be well prepared in order to achieve patient safety and decrease in MMR.
Rapid assessment of tiered referral system at a hospital of West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Furwasyih Dian , Varga Orsolya
Published: December 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess patients’ perception on tiered maternal referral system (during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum) in a hospital of West Sumatra of Indonesia.Materials and Methods: The design was a cross-sectional interview survey. A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit 134 sample. Our study was approved by the Committee of the Research Ethics of the Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University number 002/KEP/FK/2018. An interview guideline was prepared and translated into Bahasa Indonesia. There were two interviewers recruited and trained to collect information for the study. Each interview took approximately 12 minutes and were recorded using mobile phone. Data from the interviews were analysed by using QSR NVIVO 10 and MS Excel 2010.Results: The vast majority of the respondents reported that there was sufficient understanding of the services and the structure of the overall tiered referral system. The complaints addressed the issue of administrative procedure, accessibility, and equity, waiting time and card activation, ease of obtaining referral letter in the primary level of healthcare, and transport duration when the patient has to be referred to advance level of healthcare.Conclusion: The functional use of electronic referral system is an urge for solution. Future studies on patients’ perception and assessment toward healthcare providers’ opinion should be carried out to increase the service quality.
Marketing Analysis of Catch Resuts Snakehead Fish Central Muning Village, Daha Selatan Sub-District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency of South Kalimantan
Authors: Dekayanti Tri , Mustika Rina , Hairi Hairi
Published: December 2020

This study aims to: 1). Analyzing the marketing channels of the Snakehead fish (Channa striata) catch in Central Muning Village. 2). Analyzing the potential margins of the Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) business in Central Muning Village. 3). Analyzing the part (share) price received by catching Snakehead in Central Muning Village. 4). Analyzing the feasibility of Snakehead fishing in Central Muning Village and the business feasibility of the marketing actors. The method of data collection is done by observation and interviews. The sample in this study was determined by purposive sampling method. Sampling is done by two methods: Census Sampling and Snowball Sampling. This research was conducted in the Central Muning Village, Daha Selatan Sub-district, Hulu Sungai Selatan District. The results of this study indicate that the Snakehead fish marketing system in Central Muning Village from the producer level to the final consumer level generally has 2 marketing channel patterns. Snakehead fish marketing margin in Central Muning Village in the marketing pattern I was Rp. 4000, - while the marketing margin in the marketing pattern II for collecting traders is Rp. 2000, - and for retailers Rp. 3000, -. The share value received by fishermen caught is 90%. Looking from the business feasibility analysis carried out, the business of catching Snakehead Fish in the village of Central Muning is feasible to continue.
The Effect of Bait on The Catch Composition of Square Folding Trap in Rawa Pening Semarang Regency
Authors: Budi Eko Setyo
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the type of bait on the composition of the catch fish, catch rate, and trap rate using square folding traps. The study was conducted at three fishing locations in October 2019-January 2020 using the experimental fishing method. The operation of square folding traps was done by a total of 60 units. The types of bait used are golden snails, shrimp paste, and trash fish. Fish catches were recorded in number, type, length, and weight, and analyzed using one-way anova test and kruskal wallis test. The composition of the square folding traps catches consists of six species. Marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) is the most dominant catch (60%). The highest catch rate was obtained from box folding traps which were given golden snail bait at 173.50 g/trip, then trash fish bait at 76.88 g/trip and shrimp paste feed at 59.22 g/trip. The highest trap rate is golden snail bait of 12.33%. The bait treatment gives a real difference to the amount and weight of the catch, the golden snail bait gives the highest total number and weight of the catch compared to other baits.
Dossiê temático: Política e Gestão da Educação em Tempos de Retrocessos nos Direitos Sociais e Liofilização da Esfera Pública
Authors: Lagares Rosilene , Francisco de Carvalho Roberto , Oliveira Ney Cristina Monteiro de
Published: December 2020

Os organizadores do Dossiê compreendem que o debate a respeito da política e gestão da educação articula-se ao entendimento de valor público, “direito de todos à educação” e dever do Estado, traduzido em políticas públicas sociais, cuja operacionalização ocorre por meio da gestão educacional e escolar, tensionada pelas perspectivas democrático-participativas e estratégico-empresariais. Acerca dos retrocessos em relação aos direitos sociais relacionados à educação e a desidratação do espaço público, faz-se necessária a produção de conhecimentos teórico-práticos que abranjam a política e a gestão educacional e escolar explicitando as contradições entre as perspectivas formativas instrumentalizadoras e emancipadoras da educação escolar.
Convidamos à leitura do dossiê em pauta que pretende contribuir no campo da política pública e da gestão da educação, centrando no debate sobre a produção de políticas em tempos de conservadorismo reacionário, na tensão entre a esfera pública e privada, entre gestão democrática e gestão gerencial.
Influence of non-puddled transplanting and residues of previous mustard on rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Mobarak , Begum Mahfuza , Rahman Md. Moshiur , Hashem Abul , Bell Richard W. , Haque Enamul
Published: December 2020

On-farm research was conducted at Gouripur sub-district under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh during the boro (mid November-June) season in 2013-14 and 2014-15 to evaluate the performance of non-puddled rice cultivation with and without crop residue retention. The rice var. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted by two tillage practices viz., puddled conventional tillage (CT) and non-puddled strip tillage (ST) and at two levels of mustard residues, i.e., no residue (R0) and 50% residue (R50). The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were no significant yield differences between tillage practices and residue levels in 2013-14. But in the following year, ST yielded 9% more grain compared to CT leading to 22% higher BCR. Retention of 50% residue increased yield by 3% compared to no-residue, which contributed to 10% higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR). The ST combined with 50% residue retention yielded the highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1) which contributed to produce the highest BCR (1.06).
Treatment with Malva verticillata Seed Extracts Alleviates Alopecia via Activation of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling
Authors: Ryu Hwa Sun , Jeong JiYeon , Lee Chun Mong , Lee Kwang Sik , Lee Jung No , Park Sung-Min , Lee Yong-Moon
Published: December 2020

Hair loss attributed to excessive stress from work and lifestyle changes has become a growing concern, particularly among young individuals. However, currently used drugs such as minoxidil and finasteride impose a plethora of side effects. Therefore, natural substances as alternatives have garnered research interest. A recent study showed the efficacy of Malva verticillata seed extracts in alleviating hair loss via upregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In this study, the efficacy of M. verticillata seed extracts on alleviation of hair loss was further investigated. Further fractionation and purification of the seed extracts using silica gel column chromatography and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography helped identify linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid as the major bioactive components. LA insufficiency is reported to cause hair loss. However, its mechanism of action is not clearly known. Here, we explored the efficacy of LA treatment on preventing hair loss and its underlying mechanism of action. We found that LA treatment activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induced dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation in cell proliferation assays. Moreover, it increased the expression of cell cycle proteins such as cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2. LA treatment also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, hepatocyte growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor in a concentration-dependent manner and significantly inhibited that of DKK-1, induced by dihydrotestosterone. These findings suggest that LA treatment induces hair growth by increasing DPC proliferation and alleviates androgenic alopecia by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in DPCs.
Assessing Extensive Semi-Arid Rangeland Beef Cow-Calf Welfare in Namibia: Part 1: Comparison between farm production system’s effect on the welfare of beef cows
Authors: Kaurivi Y. Baby , Laven Richard , Parkinson Tim , Hickson Rebecca , Stafford Kevin
Published: December 2020

A proposed animal welfare assessment protocol for semi-arid rangeland-based cow-calf systems in Namibia combined 40 measures from a protocol developed for beef cattle in New Zealand with additional Namibia-specific measures. Preliminary validation of the protocol had been undertaken with five herds in one semi-commercial village. The aim of the current study was to apply this protocol and compare animal welfare across three cow-calf production systems in Namibia. A total of 2529 beef cows were evaluated during pregnancy testing in the yards of 17 commercial, 20 semi-commercial and 18 communal (total: 55) herds followed by an assessment of farm resources and a questionnaire-guided interview. Non-parametric tests were used to evaluate the difference in the welfare scores between the production systems. The results indicated a discrepancy of animal welfare between the three farm types, with a marked separation of commercial farms from semi-commercial, and communal village farms in the least. The differences in these production systems was mainly driven by economic gains through access to better beef export market for commercial farms and semi-commercial villages, as well as by the differences in the available grazing land, facility designs/quality and traditional customs in the village systems. The results indicate an advantage of commercialisation over communalisation.
Mapping Built-Up Land with High Accuracy Using Fourier Transformation and Temporal Correction
Authors: Wang Jinzhu , Hadjikakou Michalis , Bryan Brett
Published: December 2020

Long-term, high-accuracy mapping of built-up land dynamics is essential for understanding urbanization and its consequences for the environment. Despite advances in remote sensing and classification algorithms, built-up land mapping using early satellite imagery (e.g., from the 2000s and earlier) remains prone to uncertainty. We mapped the extent of built-up land in the North China Plain, one of China’s most important agricultural regions, from 1990 to 2019 at three-year intervals. Using dense time-stack Landsat data, we applied discrete Fourier transformation to create temporal predictors and reduce mapping uncertainties for early years. We improved overall accuracy by 8% compared to using spectral and indices predictors alone. We implemented a temporal correction algorithm to remove inconsistent pixel classifications, further improving accuracy to a consistently high level (>94%) across years. A cross-product comparison showed that our study achieved the highest levels of accuracy across years. Total built-up land in the North China Plain increased from 37,941 km2 in 1990–1992 to 131,578 km2 in 2017–2019. Consistent, high-accuracy built-up land mapping provides a reliable basis for policy planning in one of the most rapidly urbanizing regions of the planet.
The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Post-Translational Modifications in Regulating its Localisation, Stability and Activity
Authors: Albanese Adam , Daly Leonard A. , Mennerich Daniela , Kietzmann Thomas , Sée Violaine
Published: December 2020

The hypoxia signalling pathway enables adaptation of cells to decreased oxygen availability. When oxygen becomes limiting, the central transcription factors of the pathway, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), are stabilised and activated to induce the expression of hypoxia-regulated genes, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis. Whilst hydroxylation has been thoroughly described as the major and canonical modification of the HIF-α subunits, regulating both HIF stability and activity, a range of other post-translational modifications decorating the entire protein play also a crucial role in altering HIF localisation, stability, and activity. These modifications, their conservation throughout evolution and their effects on HIF-dependent signalling are discussed in this review.
Vectorial Variational Inequalities on Hadamard Manifolds: A Tool to Achieve Efficient Approximate Solutions
Authors: Ruiz-Garzón Gabriel , Osuna-Gómez Rafaela , Rufián-Lizana Antonio , Hernández-Jiménez Beatriz
Published: December 2020

This article has two objectives. Firstly, we will use the vector variational-like inequalities problems to achieve local approximate (weakly) efficient solutions of Vector Optimization Problem within the novel field of the Hadamard manifolds. Previously, we will introduce the concepts of generalized approximate geodesic convex functions and illustrate them with examples. We will see the minimum requirements under which critical points, solutions of Stampacchia and Minty weak variational-like inequalities and local approximate weakly efficient solutions can be identified, extending previous results from the literature for linear Euclidean spaces. Secondly, we will show an economical application, using again solutions of the variational problems to identify with Stackelberg equilibrium points on Hadamard manifolds and under geodesic convexity assumptions.
Preparation and Characterization of a Bioartificial Polymeric System (Scaffold) Made of Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol with Potential in the Viability of Bones Cells
Authors: Ramirez Tarazona Sebastian , Ochoa Melo Juan , Ángel García Julian , Bernal Ballén Andres , Segura Puello Hugo R. , Villamil Ballesteros Andrea , Nieto Mosquera Diana , Muñoz Forero Diana
Published: December 2020

Scaffolds are widely used in tissue engineering because their manufacture is based on natural and synthetic polymers, which allows them to have properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, creating an ideal environment for cell growth on their surface. In this context, among the polymers studied in Tissue Engineering are Chitosan (CH) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). CH is a versatile polymer obtained from de-acetylation of chitin, which is used for its high biodegradability and biocompatibility, although its mechanical properties must be improved. It has been found that one of the ways to improve the mechanical properties of CH is to mix it with other synthetic polymers such as PVA. PVA is known for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, zero toxicity and ease of preparation due to its solubility in water and excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and ease in the formation of films and barriers. In this study we evaluated the capacity of scaffolds made with CH and PVA in different concentrations (2: 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, respectively) as a possible application in bone regeneration. This was made through different characterization tests such as Infrared Spectroscopy, AFM, Swelling test and Porosity test, where we obtained information about its structural and physicochemical properties. Additionally, a cellular quality control was performed on the material through the MTT assay. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study showed that there are strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol molecules. The Swelling and Porosity tests showed favorable results, obtaining maximum values ​​of 5519% and 72.17% respectively. MTT tests determined that the prepared materials are not cytotoxic. These findings suggest that scaffolds possess properties suitable for use in Tissue Engineering.
Oil Palm in the 2020s and Beyond: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Murphy Denis , Goggin Kirstie , Paterson Russell
Published: December 2020

Background Oil palm (OP), Elaeis guineensis , is by far the most important global oil crop, supplying about 40% of total traded vegetable oil. Palm oils are key dietary components consumed daily by over three billion people, mostly in Asia, and also have a wide range of important non-food uses including in cleansing and sanitising products. Main body Oil palm is a perennial crop with a >25-year life cycle and an exceptionally small land footprint compared to annual oilseed crops. Oil palm crops globally produce an annual 81 million tonnes (Mt) of oil from about 19 million hectares (Mha). In contrast, the second and third largest vegetable oil crops, soybean and rapeseed, yield a combined 84 Mt oil but occupy over 163 Mha of increasingly scarce arable land. Despite this advantage, oil palm has acquired a poor environmental reputation, especially in Europe and North America, although soybean planting is now responsible for more deforestation. Oil palm crops face other challenges in the 2020s. On the demand side, these include changing consumer purchasing habits, threats to global trade systems, and diminishing demand for liquid fuels as transport systems become increasingly electrified. On the supply side, major issues include stagnant yields in ageing plantations, sluggish replanting of improved varieties, labour shortages, diseases and climatic/ environmental threats. The latter include the increasing incidence of new and existing pests/diseases and a general lack of climatic resilience, especially relating to elevated temperatures and increasingly erratic rainfall patterns. This review surveys the oil palm sector in the 2020s and beyond, its major challenges and options for future progress. Conclusions Oil palm crops face many future challenges, including emerging threats from climate change and new pests and diseases, that require more effective international collaboration. Nevertheless, new breeding technologies are providing the promise of improvements, such as much higher yielding varieties, improved oil profiles, enhanced disease resistance and modified crop architecture to enable harvesting mechanisation. The industry also needs to redouble its efforts to engage with global consumers in a constructive dialogue aimed at addressing its image problem and explaining the many benefits of its products.
Herbal Informatics: A Unique Model to Identify the Anti-Cancerous Agents for Targeting Lung Cancer
Authors: Wardhan Rashmi , Tanwar Ankit , Dutta Pallavi , Jha Ishita , Sharma Ruby , Ali Zaidi Ayesha , Chawla Raman , Arora Rajesh , Khan Haider Ali
Published: December 2020

The incidence of lung cancer has increased in recent years and causes major mortalities across the globe. Besides, the availability of the several chemotherapeutics modalities in the management, there is still a challenge to find out an efficient remedy with lesser or no toxic effects. Hence, there is a necessity to employ complementary research to establish effective management for lung cancer. In this study, we have implemented a novel herbal informatics model to find out the alternative remedy in the treatment of lung cancer. This model utilizes five major steps of the bioprospection process based on the classical surge followed by the binary index and rationale-based selection of herbal products targeting the cancer-causing factors which are explained in detail in the methodology section of this model. This study revealed 07 herbals such as Withania somnifera (Ws), Berberis vulgaris(Bv), Glycyrrhiza glabra(Gg), Andrographis paniculate(Ap), Azadirachta indica(Ai), Cinnamomum Verum(Cv), Piper longum(Pl) based on the fuzzy set optimization scoring(0.6-1) that could be further studied in vitro and in vivo level for utilization in the management of lung cancer.
APPLICATION OF LCA AND BIM METHODS IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF A SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSE IN THE CHANGING CLIMATE OF WESTERN POMERANIA
Authors:   West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin Faculty of Architecture Departmenr of Housing and Technical-Ecological Foundations of Architecture, Gradziński Piotr
Published: December 2020

The paper deals concerns the problem of energy optimization of single-family housing in Poland in Western Pomerania. The problem is considered because of the changing climate in the region and the consequences. This results in the search for changes in the architectural paradigm of singlefamily houses design and the use of appropriate technical solutions that minimize the environmental impact of these buildings. The problem of changes is considered in the category of building materials selection and the architectural form shape. In the analytical part, the following analyzes were carried out: in terms of the structures of the building in minimizing CO2 emissions and energy consumption of the building materials used and environmental factors (light, shade, wind) influencing energy consumption through the building's shape in the region.
SMART AND PROTECTIVE SURVEYING OF HIDDEN MEDITERRANEAN HERITAGE
Authors:   West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland Faculty of Architecture, Paszkowski Zbigniew W.
Published: December 2020

In the Mediterranean area, there are hundreds of ancient cities that have ceased to exist, and millions of valuable parts of buildings and sculptures remain hidden or abandoned. This resource requires special care and protection. There is probably a much larger part of this resource, as yet unexposed to view, remaining to be discovered. A number of historic buildings remain underground or underwater, and are not properly protected against damage or robbery. Protected areas, with limited access due to the potential occurrence of ancient monuments underground or underwater, should be designated. In order to assess the range of occurrence of such monuments from bygone cultures, it is necessary to carry out specialized field studies. The author indicates that smart digital technologies, such as digital maps of the area, satellite and aerial photographs and electromagnetic geo-radar surveys, could be used for such research.
PAVILION ARCHITECTURE – A MODEL OR EPHEMERA? TOWARDS AN ELEMENTARITY OF MEANINGS
Authors:   Politechnika Krakowska Wydział Architektury Katedra Projektowania Architektonicznego A-6, Charciarek Marcin
Published: December 2020

Undoubtedly, since the beginning of the 20th century, pavilion architecture has become the architect's manifesto and destroys the sense of the history of architecture, which says that architecture is subject to one aesthetic idea, forms and materials.. This paradox of the new, ‘impermanent’ paradigm is based on constant assessment and discussion in pursuit of an answer to the question about what architecture is in the present day. It may seem that some it s every answer to the originality of form, while to others, a pursuit of meanings in the simplest geometries, in the elementarity of the meanings of architectural space.
ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ ДИАРЕИ У ДЕТЕЙ В УСЛОВИЯ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19
Authors: Хавкина Дарья , Руженцова Татьяна , Попова Раиса , Чухляев Павел , Гарбузов Александр , Мешкова Наталья
Published: December 2020

Цель исследования – изучить особенности нарушений функции желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей, больных коронавирусной инфекцией, вызванной вирусом SARS-CoV-2, и методы его коррекции с использованием желатина танната. В статье представлен краткий обзор литературы по эффективности и безопасности применения желатина танната в комплексной терапии острых кишечных инфекций. Приведены данные собственных исследований по диагностике и лечению средне-тяжелой формы COVID-19 с развитием дисфункции ЖКТ у детей в возрасте от 3 месяцев до 18 лет.
Comparison of Joint Perception Between Posterior-Stabilized and Ultracongruent Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Same Patient
Authors: Kim Man Soo , Koh In Jun , Kim Chul Kyu , Choi Keun Young , Jeon Jin Hwa , In Yong
Published: December 2020

Background:

Posterior-stabilized and ultracongruent designs are 2 common examples of posterior cruciate ligament-substituting total knee arthroplasty (TKA) prostheses. There is a lack of evidence regarding joint perception differences between ultracongruent and posterior-stabilized TKA. The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative knee stability, function, and joint perception between ultracongruent and posterior-stabilized TKA in the same patients in order to determine whether there was a difference based on design.

Methods:

This prospective, randomized controlled trial included 50 patients who underwent same-day bilateral TKA utilizing Persona (Zimmer Biomet) posterior-stabilized implants in 1 knee (posterior-stabilized group) and ultracongruent implants in the other knee (ultracongruent group). At 2 years postoperatively, patients were evaluated for knee stability, function, and joint perception. Postoperative static knee anteroposterior stability and femoral rollback were compared. Knee function was evaluated with use of the Knee Society Score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Joint perception was compared by evaluating noise generation, side preference, satisfaction, and the Forgotten Joint Score.

Results:

The ultracongruent group had more knee anteroposterior laxity (4.5 mm compared with 1.8 mm in the posterior-stabilized group; p < 0.001) and less femoral rollback (4.2 mm compared with 9.0 mm in the posterior-stabilized group; p < 0.001). Knee Society Score and WOMAC scores were not significantly different between groups (all p > 0.05). Although the ultracongruent group showed less noise generation than the posterior-stabilized group (18% compared with 38%, respectively; p = 0.026), there were no differences in side preference, satisfaction, or Forgotten Joint Score (all p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Both groups had similar joint perception 2 years postoperatively, with obvious differences in noise generation and more sagittal laxity with less femoral rollback in the ultracongruent group.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Day-of-Surgery Video Calls and Phone Calls Increase Patient Satisfaction with Outpatient Surgery Experience
Authors: Kingery Matthew T. , Hoberman Alexander , Baron Samuel L. , Gonzalez-Lomas Guillem , Jazrawi Laith M. , Alaia Michael J. , Strauss Eric J.
Published: December 2020

Background:

With the increasing utilization of patient satisfaction as a metric for clinical care, there is growing interest in techniques that can be used to improve satisfaction in patients undergoing surgery. The purpose of this trial was to assess the impact of day-of-surgery video and phone calls on patient satisfaction.

Methods:

We enrolled 251 patients undergoing outpatient orthopaedic surgery with 3 participating surgeons. Surgeons were randomized to 1 of 3 patient communication modalities: no contact (standard of care), phone call, or video call. Several hours following discharge on the day of surgery, the surgeons contacted patients according to their assigned treatment group. At the initial postoperative office visit, satisfaction outcomes were assessed using the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Surgical Care (S-CAHPS) survey and an additional satisfaction questionnaire.

Results:

Fifty-nine (97%) of 61 patients in the no-contact group, 118 (99%) of 119 patients in the phone group, and 71 (100%) of 71 patients in the video group completed follow-up assessment. The S-CAHPS top-box response rate in both the video group (0.86 ± 0.14, p < 0.001) and the phone group (0.84 ± 0.17, p < 0.001) was greater than in the no-contact group (0.68 ± 0.26). When asked to rate satisfaction with overall care, a greater proportion of patients in the video group (85.9%) gave the top-box response compared with both the phone group (71.8%, p = 0.040) and the no-contact group (60.7%, p = 0.002). Among the patients in the video group, 62.0% indicated that they would prefer a video call in future encounters with their surgeon compared with 1.8% of patients in the no-contact group (p < 0.001) and 1.7% of patients in the phone group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Phone and video calls following discharge are an effective way of enhancing patient satisfaction with the clinical care experience as measured by the S-CAHPS survey. In terms of satisfaction with overall care, video calls may be superior to phone calls.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analisis perbandingan kinerja keuangan provinsi di Pulau Jawa dan Pulau Sumatera
Authors: Sayadi Muhammad Hamdan
Published: December 2020

The local governments are expected to be able objectify the local budget, especially the revenue that becomes the main source to objectify the expenditure budget. Local governments can be autonomous if its can maximize their potency, especially the local revenue. This paper aims to analyze the level of regional financial dependence and degree of decentralization in the provinces which is located in the Sumatera island and Java with the comparison of financial performance between the provinces. This paper used the method of quantitative descriptive with the ratio of regional financial dependence and degree of decentralization as the analysis tools. The results indicated that financial performance of provinces in the Java island much better than provinces in the Sumatera island because its had much better the realization of local revenue. The factor that affecting financial performance of provinces in the Java island much better was the good ability to acquire local revenue so that it can make very low level of regional financial dependence to the central government and very good degree of decentralization
Pengaruh informasi akuntansi biaya terhadap nilai perusahaan serta implikasinya terhadap tanggungjawab perusahaan kepada stakeholder
Authors: Khasanah Ulfatul , Sulistyowati Rina , Hirmantono Agung , Mas’adah Mas’adah
Published: December 2020

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of cost accounting information on firm value and its implications for corporate responsibility to stakeholders. This research was conducted at consumer goods industrial sector companies listed on the IDX. The sample in this study consisted of 18 companies for 5 years, so that the data processed in this study were  90 data. Data analysis techniques using path analysis. The results showed that the indirect effect of the variable production costs on interest expense through firm value was non-significant. Meanwhile, the indirect effect of the production costs on tax expense through firm value is significant. Likewise, the indirect effect of the production costs variable on dividends through firm value, which is also significant. The research results can be considered  for the company in terms of debt policy and dividend policy and for the government in determining taxes.
DOES EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION LEAD TO INCOME CONVERGENCE? EVIDENCE FROM CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS
Authors: Akram Vaseem , Rath Badri Narayan
Published: December 2020

In this study, we examine the role of export diversification in the convergence of per capita income (output). By applying the dynamic system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator to a panel dataset consisting of 95 countries, we find evidence of both absolute and conditional divergence for the full sample and the subsamples based on income and regions. Thus, our findings suggest that, although high export diversification boosts the per capita income (output), it does not significantly reduce per capita income (output) gap between rich and poor countries.
PERFIL DAS LESÕES MAXILOFACIAIS EM MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA PERICIADAS EM UMA CIDADE DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Felix Rennan Silva , Figueirêdo Danillo Urquiza de , Urquiza Suellen Peixoto de Medeiros , Cavalcante Gigliana Maria Sobral , Souza Angélica Felix de
Published: December 2020

Em meio a diversos conceitos a violência atinge um número alarmante de mulheres em todo o mundo, promovendo efeitos físicos, morais e uma questão social. A Odontologia Legal, por sua vez, faz-se necessária na observação e no parecer crítico junto a tais atos, tendo em vista que na maioria dos casos as vítimas apresentam agravos na região facial. Diante disso, o presente estudo, de caráter informativo e conscientizador, teve como finalidade o levantamento de dados sobre o perfil das lesões maxilofaciais em mulheres vítimas de violência física, provenientes das ações geradas por agressor do sexo masculino. Os dados foram obtidos através dos prontuários expedidos pelo Núcleo de Medicina e Odontologia Legal (NUMOL) da cidade de Patos-PB, avaliando os laudos referentes aos anos de 2017 e 2018. O estudo avaliou variáveis específicas nos exames, que posteriormente foram classificadas e o perfil predominante encontrado foi de mulheres com idade entre 21 e 30 anos, residente em área de zona urbana, com ocupação em serviços “do lar”, tendo como grau de escolaridade ensino fundamental incompleto, estado civil em situação de casamento ou união estável, apresentando vínculo afetivo com o agressor. As vítimas apresentavam agravos na região maxilofacial em todos os casos estudados, porém cada caso com suas particularidades. Os dados foram agrupados em tabelas, descrevendo a epidemiologia dos casos encontrados. Além disso, aponta a importância do profissional de saúde na correta detecção dos casos, a conduta da vítima frente à ação e a participação social na luta contra tais atos.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DANOS PESSOAIS EM ODONTOLOGIA E DISCUSSÃO SOBRE SEGURO DPVAT – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Conceição Luciane Domingues , Ouriques Carolina Schuster , Lund Rafael Guerra
Published: December 2020

Cabe ao cirurgião-dentista avaliar, em casos de acidentes de trânsito, as sequelas deixadas por tal fato para fins de indenização pelo seguro de Danos Pessoais Causados por Veículos Automotores em Vias Terrestres – DPVAT. Este relato de caso propõe discutir sobre a tabela de invalidez que traz a lei 6.194/74 e a falta de previsão de danos corporais envolvendo perda parcial ou total de função fonética, mastigatória e estética do aparelho estomatognático. Periciado de 30 anos, vítima de acidente de trânsito, sofrendo diversas lesões em ossos da face, crânio e elementos dentários, pleiteando pagamento total do seguro DPVAT. Verificou-se cicatriz em região frontal direita e em região malar esquerda. Indivíduo apresentava perda de todos os incisivos centrais e laterais superiores e canino superior direito, desvio importante em degrau da mandíbula em região do canino inferior esquerdo, restos radiculares dos primeiros molares inferiores, desvio de septo devido às fraturas de face, porém não referia dor. Na avaliação da porcentagem da perda anatômica segundo a tabela de danos corporais do DPVAT, levou-se em conta a perda dos dentes anteriores e a fratura de mandíbula, que causaram sequela funcional, estética e fonética e necessidade de reabilitação protética complexa. Em conclusão, as perdas dentárias severas e sequelas de fraturas justificaram o pagamento parcial do seguro, mas a tabela não considerou a perda de funções fonética, estética e mastigatória, devendo ser melhor discutida.