bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced durability of cyclometalated Ir(III) photosensitizer through intramolecular π–π interaction for robust photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Yue , Chen Shuang , Huang Yifan , Gao Jian , Deng Ziqi , Zhang Yifan , Deng Pengyang
Published: February 2023

Developing photosensitizers with high durability is desirable to boost the practical application of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Herein, referring to the successful strategy in the field of light-emitting electrochemical cells, the reported Ir(III) complex with intramolecular [Formula: see text] interaction, Ir2, is used as a photosensitizer to explore its durability. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution experiment exhibits that the durability of Ir2 is significantly improved with the duration of 39 h, which is three times longer than that of the classical Ir(III) complex Ir1 (ca. 13 h) under the same condition. As revealed by theoretical calculation, the incorporation of intramolecular [Formula: see text] interaction inhibits the rupture of metal–ligand bond in the excited state, thereby reducing the possibility of complex degradation. This is a novel approach to achieve a durable Ir(III) photosensitizer, which stimulates new molecular engineering endeavors. The finding proves the applicability of molecular design strategy in the field of light-emitting electrochemical cells to the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution system, thus boosting the cross integration of different disciplines.
Reasoning about Quality and Fuzziness of Strategic Behaviors
Authors: Bouyer Patricia , Kupferman Orna , Markey Nicolas , Maubert Bastien , Murano Aniello , Perelli Giuseppe
Published: February 2023

Temporal logics
are extensively used for the specification of on-going behaviors of computer systems. Two significant developments in this area are the extension of traditional temporal logics with modalities that enable the specification of on-going
strategic
behaviors in multi-agent systems, and the transition of temporal logics to a
quantitative
setting, where different satisfaction values enable the specifier to formalize concepts such as certainty or quality. In the first class, SL (
Strategy Logic
) is one of the most natural and expressive logics describing strategic behaviors. In the second class, a notable logic is LTL[ℱ] , which extends LTL with
quality operators
.

In this work, we introduce and study
SL[ℱ] 
, which enables the specification of quantitative strategic behaviors. The satisfaction value of an SL[ℱ] formula is a real value in [0,1], reflecting “how much” or “how well” the strategic on-going objectives of the underlying agents are satisfied. We demonstrate the applications of SL[ℱ] in quantitative reasoning about multi-agent systems, showing how it can express and measure concepts like stability in multi-agent systems, and how it generalizes some fuzzy temporal logics. We also provide a model-checking algorithm for SL[ℱ] , based on a quantitative extension of Quantified CTL
⋆
 . Our algorithm provides the first decidability result for a quantitative extension of Strategy Logic. In addition, it can be used for synthesizing strategies that maximize the quality of the systems’ behavior.
Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Pharmacology Study Explore the Mechanism of Asparagus against Glioblastoma
Authors: Luo Xin , Xing Jinshan , Gu Yingjiang , Qiao Gan , Liu Minghua , Yi Jingyan
Published: February 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor, and there is an urgent need to explore effective therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of GBM patients. Asparagus (ASP) is a widely grown plant with a rich pharmacological profile that has been used to treat various cancers. However, its role in GBM remains unclear. In the study, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of ASP on GBM and explored the target and mechanism of ASP through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular biology experiments. We found that P53 is a potent target of ASP for GBM treatment, and its pharmacological mechanism is the activation of p53-dependent apoptosis. Our research provides an objective basis for the development and clinical application of ASP in GBM patients.
[Retracted] A Network Pharmacology Method Combined with Molecular Docking Verification to Explore the Therapeutic Mechanisms Underlying Simiao Pill Herbal Medicine against Hyperuricemia
Authors: Qian Yue , Yin Jiazhen , Ni Juemin , Chen Xiaona , Shen Yan
Published: February 2023

Objective. Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common metabolic disease caused by disordered purine metabolism. We aim to reveal the mechanisms underlying the anti‐HUA function of Simiao pill and provide therapeutic targets. Methods. Simiao pill‐related targets were obtained using Herbal Ingredients’ Targets (HIT), Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID). HUA‐associated targets were retrieved from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD). Protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, ggraph and igraph R packages. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed using ClusterProfiler. The top 10 core targets were identified through cytoHubba. Molecular docking was conducted using PyMOL and AutoDock high‐performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) analysis was performed to identify effective compounds of Simiao pill. Results. Simiao pill‐HUA target network contained 80 targets. The key targets were mainly involved in inflammatory responses. Insulin (INS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin‐6 (IL6), interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), leptin (LEP), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin‐10 (IL10), and toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) were the top 10 targets in the PPI network. GO analysis demonstrated the main implication of the targets in molecular responses, production, and metabolism. KEGG analysis revealed that Simiao pill might mitigate HUA through advanced glycation end‐product‐ (AGE‐) receptor for AGE‐ (RAGE‐) and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1‐ (HIF‐1‐) associated pathways. IL1B, IL6, IL10, TLR4, and TNF were finally determined as the promising targets of Simiao pill treating HUA. Through molecular docking and HPLC analysis, luteolin, quercetin, rutaecarpine, baicalin, and atractylenolide I were the main active compounds. Conclusions. Simiao pill can mitigate HUA by restraining inflammation, mediating AGE‐RAGE‐ and HIF‐1‐related pathways, and targeting IL1B, IL6, IL10, TLR4, and TNF.
Exploring the Structure of IoT Data: A Symbolic Analysis Perspective
Authors: Shen Yinghua , Pedrycz Witold , Li Wentao , Xiao Zhi , Chen Tianhua , Hu Xuan , Chen Yuan
Published: February 2023

With the development of different kinds of techniques, especially the Internet of Things (IoT), a large amount of quantitative (either numeric or categorical) data have been generated, transmitted, and stored in the modern society. People hope to understand the interested phenomenon from the collected quantitative data by utilizing different data analysis methods. Exploring the structure of data (e.g., the cluster centers or prototypes) has always been a hot spot in the domain of data mining and knowledge discovery, yet it seems that the modeling and analyzing process still focus on a low-level abstraction of the data because normally, the structure found is only represented by some numeric data points. In this study, we highlight that a low-level abstraction may not be a user-friendly way for people to grasp the knowledge contained in the data. Instead, we explore the structure of the data from a perspective of symbolic analysis. Specifically, two modes of abstraction are proposed. In the vertical mode (i.e., values of each feature are abstracted), the numeric prototypes are characterized by the symbolic prototypes such that people could get rid of being stuck in minor details of each feature. In the horizontal mode (i.e., values of each prototype are abstracted), the linguistic summarization is used to describe all the features of each symbolic prototype such that people could immediately grasp the essential information conveyed in the symbolic prototype. We conduct comprehensive experimental studies on the publicly available data to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed symbolic analysis process.
Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptomic Profiles Identified the Prediction of Prognosis and Drug Sensitivity of Aminopeptidase-Like 1 (NPEPL1) for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wei Xiaoyu , Zhou Zhongbao , Ma Guikai , Sun Fengze
Published: February 2023

Aminopeptidase-like 1 (NPEPL1) is a member of the aminopeptidase group that plays a role in the development and progression of various diseases. Expression of NPEPL1 has been reported to be involved in prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers. However, the role and mechanism of NPEPL1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are unclear. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases were used to predict the relationship between clinicopathological features and NPEPL1 expression. Changes in immune status and drug sensitivity with NPEPL1 expression were analyzed by the “CIBERSORT” function in R software. The results found that NPEPL1 expression was upregulated in ccRCC tissues, with expression progressively increasing with ccRCC stage and grade. Patients with high NPEPL1 expression presented with a poor prognosis across different clinicopathological features. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that aberrant NPEPL1 expression was an independent risk factor for ccRCC. The nomogram showed that NPEPL1 expression improved the accuracy of predicting the prognosis of ccRCC patients. The Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that NPEPL1 may be involved in the development of ccRCC through the voltage-gated calcium channel complex, channel activity, cAMP signaling pathway, and oxytocin signaling pathway. The coexpression analysis found that NPEPL1 altered tumor characteristics by interacting with related genes. The “CIBERSORT” analysis showed that elevated NPEPL1 expression was followed by an enrichment of regulatory T cells and follicular helper T cells in the microenvironment. The drug sensitivity analysis found patients with high NPEPL1 expression had a higher benefit from axitinib, cisplatin, and GSK429286A. In conclusion, upregulation of NPEPL1 expression was involved in ccRCC prognosis and treatment. NPEPL1 could be used as a therapeutic target to guide clinical dosing.
Distribution of Currents in 2 × 25 kV Electric Railway Systems under Normal Conditions
Authors: Sorrentino Elmer , Gupta Naren , Montilla-DJesus Miguel , Arriaga Pablo
Published: February 2023

This article shows a detailed analysis of the distribution of currents in 2 × 25 kV electric railway systems under normal conditions. The network equations are clearly formulated in a way that enables the presentation of a novel simplified analytical solution as well as the traditional numerical solution of the equation set. The simplified analytical solution is obtained when the transformer impedances are neglected, and under these conditions: (a) the distributions of currents are analytically deduced for cases with only one train; (b) the distribution of currents among autotransformers and between catenary and feeder can be easily understood, as well as the effect of the train position on the distribution of currents; and (c) the superposition method is applied for cases with multiple trains in order to clearly explain the distribution of currents from the results with only one train. On the other hand, the network equations are also numerically solved, including autotransformer impedances, and it is shown that their effect is very low, especially because these impedances are typically small. Therefore, the proposed analytical method is a good tool to obtain an easy and approximate solution for the distribution of currents in these systems, as well as an excellent tool to facilitate the understanding of that distribution.
[Retracted] The Efficacy and Safety of Oral Nutrient Solution Supplementation in Patients with Esophageal Cancer under Nutritional, Psychological, Physical, and Prognostic Survival Differences
Authors: Hao Juntao , Shen Zengqiang
Published: February 2023

Inflammasomes are massive intracellular multiprotein signaling complexes produced in the cytosolic compartment. Tumor etiology involves dysregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Current studies are being conducted to ascertain the effectiveness and safety of oral nutrient solution supplementation in patients with esophageal cancer based on the current understanding of the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in possible cancer promotion and therapy. This study examines how oral nutrient solution supplement therapy affects patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy for esophageal cancer in terms of nutrition, physical composition, quality of life, psychology, prognosis, and survival. A total of 120 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to January 2021 were selected for the current study. The selected 120 patients are divided into nutritional supplement and traditional groups according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The nutritional supplement group received an oral nutritional solution, whereas the conventional group received the ordinary dietary intervention. Since radiotherapy can potentially damage healthy tissue with short‐ and long‐term negative effects. Inflammatory reactions are a common component of adverse effects of early and late ionizing radiation. Oral nutrient solution supplement therapy for patients with esophageal cancer after radiotherapy and chemotherapy can significantly improve the levels of blood nutrients, later physical components, and quality of life of patients.
Effects of Metal-Support Interactions and Interfaces on Catalytic Performance over M2O3- (
M
=
La
, Al-) Supported Ni Catalysts
Authors: Xiao Zhourong , Li Peng , Zhang Senlin , Gu Jianmin , Wang Desong
Published: February 2023

The metal-support interactions and their interfaces have showed great influence on catalytic activity and stability. Herein, different support of M2O3- (

M
=
La

, Al-) supported Ni catalysts was prepared by a citric acid-assisted sol-gel method. The physical structure and chemical properties of the As-prepared catalysts were systematically characterized by various technologies. The catalytic performance was evaluated for hydrogen or syngas production by ethanol steam reforming and methane dry (CO2) reforming, respectively. The results showed that compared with Al2O3 support, the nickel supported on La2O3 possessed a smaller particle size of nickel even after high-temperature reduction. In addition, the La2O3-supported nickel catalyst had stronger metal-support interaction and higher nickel electron density as a result of higher ethanol conversion activity and stability. The ethanol conversion was maintained at 87.8% after a 3000-minute test, and the hydrogen production was as high as 6500 μmol/min. Moreover, the Ni-La2O3 catalyst also showed good activity for methane dry reforming. The initial conversion of methane and carbon dioxide was close to 90%, and the ratio of H2/CO reached 0.94. The better catalytic performance of the Ni-La2O3 catalyst was ascribed to smaller particle size of Ni, rich metal-support interfaces, more nickel electron densities, abundant strong basic sites, and strong metal-support interactions.
Living Alone, Cognitive Function, and Well-Being of Japanese Older Men and Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tsuda Shuji , Inagaki Hiroki , Sugiyama Mika , Okamura Tsuyoshi , Miyamae Fumiko , Ura Chiaki , Edahiro Ayako , Awata Shuichi
Published: February 2023

This study examined the interaction of living alone and cognitive decline in relation to the well-being of older men and women. We analyzed the data from a cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey of community-dwelling older adults in Tokyo, who were aged 65+ and not on long-term care. The questionnaire included the 10-item self-administered dementia checklist (SDC), the WHO-5 Well-Being Scale, a question on their living arrangement, and participants’ baseline characteristics and social support and social contact. The analyses were stratified by sex and fitted with linear regression models with interaction. A total of 34,255 men and 41,056 women participated. Sample mean age was 73.5 (SD 6.1) for men and 73.6 (SD 6.0) for women, and 18.5% and 26.0% lived alone. The distribution of SDC scores indicated 95.9% and 97.0% had a cognitive status varying from intact to possible mild dementia. Cognitive decline showed a linear association with lower well-being in men (beta −0.53; 95% CI −0.58, −0.48;

p
<
0.001

) and women (beta −0.38; 95% CI −0.42, −0.34;

p
<
0.001

). Compared to men and women living with others, those living alone experienced lower well-being as their cognitive function declined, and the interactions (living arrangements

∗

SDC) were statistically significant. After controlling participants’ characteristics and social support and social contact, the interaction was significant in men (

p
<
0.001

) but not in women (

p
=
0.46

). Our findings support that older men and women living alone experience a slightly steeper downward trajectory of cognitive decline and poor well-being than their counterparts living with others. The unequivocal effects of controlling confounding factors between men and women indicate the need for gendered countermeasures by welfare services.
Validation of Sequential ROX-Index Score Beyond 12 Hours in Predicting Treatment Failure and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Receiving Oxygen via High-Flow Nasal Cannula
Authors: Basoulis Dimitris , Avramopoulos Pantelis , Aggelara Maria , Karamanakos Georgios , Voutsinas Pantazis-Michail , Karapanou Amalia , Psichogiou Mina , Samarkos Michalis , Ntziora Foteini , Sipsas Nikolaos V.
Published: February 2023

Background. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an oxygen delivery method shown to reduce the risk of intubation and mortality in patients with type 1 respiratory failure. The ROX-index score can predict HFNC failure. This study aims to evaluate sequential ROX-index assessments as predictors of HFNC failure and mortality. Methods. Prospective observational single-center study including all adult patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR placed under HFNC from 1st November 2020 to 31st May 2021, and patients with hemodynamic instability or unable to tolerate HFNC were excluded. The primary endpoint was successful HFNC de-escalation. Results. In univariate analysis, HFNC de-escalation was associated with younger age (59.2 ± 14 vs. 67.7 ± 10.5 and

p
<
0.001

), lower levels of serum lactate (1.1 vs. 1.5 and

p
=
0.013

), and higher ROX-index at 12 hrs (5.09 vs. 4.13 and

p
<
0.001

). ROC curve analysis of ROX-index at 12 hrs yielded a c-statistic of 71.2% (95% CI 61.6–80.9 and

p
<
0.001

). ROX-index at 12 hrs and age retained significance in multivariate analysis. Using an optimal cutoff point of 4.43, we calculated a sensitivity of 64.5% and specificity of 69.6%. In univariate survival analysis, older age (68.8 ± 9.7 vs. 58.9 ± 13.9 and

p
<
0.001

), greater creatinine values (0.96 vs. 0.84 and

p
=
0.022

), greater SOFA score (

p
=
0.039

), and a lower 12 hrs ROX-index (4.22 vs. 4.95 and

p
=
0.02

) were associated with hospital mortality. The SOFA score and age retained significance in multivariate survival analysis. Conclusion. ROX-index is proven to be a valuable and easy-to-use tool for clinicians in the assessment of COVID-19 patients under HFNC.
Deep Learning for Inverse Design of Broadband Quasi-Yagi Antenna
Authors: Zhou Wen-Ying , Mei Zhong-lei , Lu Mai , Zhu Ya-Bo
Published: February 2023

Deep learning (DL) approaches have been increasingly adopted to design antenna autonomously. For obtaining geometry of the broadband quasi-Yagi antenna from its physic response images directly, we propose an inverse design approach based on the optimized bidirectional symmetry GoogLeNet, which can extract the required bandwidth information to redesign the geometric parameters of antenna without changing its physical structure. It demonstrates that the bandwidth of a reference quasi-Yagi antenna is improved from 0.6 GHz to 1.15 GHz through the proposed inverse design DL approach, and the measured bandwidth value of this redesigned quasi-Yagi antenna achieves 1.16 GHz, which is improved 93% actually. The numerical and measured results indicate that the proposed DL approach could significantly improve the performance of the existed quasi-Yagi antenna and present a new attempt to apply the image processing techniques in resolving physical problem.
Treatment and Survival in Acute Leukemia: A New South Wales Study Comparing Adolescents and Young Adults with Children and Adults
Authors: Li Ming , Anazodo Antoinette , Dalla-Pozza Luciano , Baeza Paola Kabalan , Roder David , Currow David
Published: February 2023

Objective. To investigate age differences in treatment and survival from acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods. 1053 ALL/566 AML patients diagnosed in 2003–2015 on the New South Wales Cancer Registry were included. Treatment within 12 months from diagnosis was assessed using linked registry, hospital, and health-insurance data. Differences by age at diagnosis in treatment and survival were investigated using socio-demographically adjusted regression analyses, with adolescents and young adults (AYA, 15–24 years) as the reference category. Results. Children were less likely than AYA to start ALL treatment >3 days from diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.27–0.57)) and to have multiple treatment types (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14–0.34). For AML, aOR of treatment start >3 days was 0.16 (95% CI 0.09–0.29) for children compared with AYA, with no age differences in treatment types. Five-year disease-specific survival for ALL was 84%. Children were less likely than AYA to die from ALL (adjusted subhazard ratio (aSHR 0.32, 95% CI 0.22–0.50)). For AML, the corresponding survival was 73% without an age difference. Children having multiple treatment types for ALL had an increased risk of mortality at aSHR 2.67 (95% CI 1.53–4.67), but not adults at 1.26 (95% CI 0.67–2.47) (interaction

p

 = 0.017). Time from diagnosis to initial treatment start and initial treatment type were not associated with mortality outcomes after adjusting for socio-demographic variables. Conclusion. Children with ALL had better survival. ALL Mortality were negatively associated with multiple treatment types.
Optimum Design of High-Temperature Steam Generator for Hydrogen Production Enhancement
Authors: Oh Sunhee , Park Seong-Ryong , Kang Yong Tae
Published: February 2023

In this study, an optimal design was proposed for the pressure drop of a high-temperature steam generator to enhance hydrogen production in a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). The high-temperature steam generator (HTSG) was analyzed under experimental conditions of a steam temperature of 773 K, steam inlet pressure of 300–600 kPa, and steam flow rate of 10–35 kg/h. The pressure drop characteristics of the HTSG were analyzed under various variable conditions via a computational fluid dynamics simulation. The pressure drop according to the variable change was ranged from a minimum of 54 kPa (inlet nozzle angle: 25°) to a maximum of 309 kPa (body ratio: 0.63), and the valid range was

28,700
<
Re
<
306,600

. The hydrogen production capacity that can be produced utilizing the optimally designed HTSG was predicted to be up to 35.7 tons annually. In addition, CO2 emissions during hydrogen production under optimal conditions are 9.92 ton-CO2/ton-hydrogen, which can be reduced by up to 86.8% compared to the conventional high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) steam, thereby enhancing hydrogen production and energy harvesting.
Liquid Biopsies for Cancer Genotyping: Coming of Age?
Authors: Jacobsen Skanderup Anders , Ang Su Fen , Tan Daniel S.W.
Published: February 2023

Precision oncology is predicated on optimal molecular profiling that is “fit for purpose” to identify therapeutic vulnerabilities. Liquid biopsies may compensate for inadequate genotyping, but remain less sensitive and specific compared with tissue biopsies. The liquid biopsy toolbox is poised to expand through novel assays and insights from longitudinal profiling.

See related article by Sugimoto et al., p. 1506
Phase I Trial of Intravenous Mistletoe Extract in Advanced Cancer
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Wang Lin , Fu Wei , Kumar Rajendra , Durham Jennifer N. , Azad Nilofer S. , Laheru Daniel A. , Browner Ilene , Kachhap Sushant K. , Boyapati Kavya , Odeny Thomas , Armstrong Deborah K. , Meyer Christian F. , Gaillard Stephanie , Brahmer Julie R. , Page Ivelisse , Wang Hao , Diaz Luis A.
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

Mistletoe extract (ME) is widely used for patients with cancer to support therapy and to improve quality of life (QoL). However, its use is controversial due to suboptimal trials and a lack of data supporting its intravenous administration.

Materials and Methods:

This phase I trial of intravenous mistletoe (Helixor M) aimed to determine the recommended phase II dosing and to evaluate safety. Patients with solid tumor progressing on at least one line of chemotherapy received escalating doses of Helixor M three times a week. Assessments were also made of tumor marker kinetics and QoL.

Results:

Twenty-one patients were recruited. The median follow-up duration was 15.3 weeks. The MTD was 600 mg. Treatment-related adverse events (AE) occurred in 13 patients (61.9%), with the most common being fatigue (28.6%), nausea (9.5%), and chills (9.5%). Grade 3+ treatment-related AEs were noted in 3 patients (14.8%). Stable disease was observed in 5 patients who had one to six prior therapies. Reductions in baseline target lesions were observed in 3 patients who had two to six prior therapies. Objective responses were not observed. The disease control rate (percentage of complete/partial response and stable disease) was 23.8%. The median stable disease was 15 weeks. Serum cancer antigen-125 or carcinoembryonic antigen showed a slower rate of increase at higher dose levels. The median QoL by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General increased from 79.7 at week 1 to 93 at week 4.

Conclusions:

Intravenous mistletoe demonstrated manageable toxicities with disease control and improved QoL in a heavily pretreated solid tumor population. Future phase II trials are warranted.

Significance:

Although ME is widely used for cancers, its efficacy and safety are uncertain. This first phase I trial of intravenous mistletoe (Helixor M) aimed to determine phase II dosing and to evaluate safety. We recruited 21 patients with relapsed/refractory metastatic solid tumor. Intravenous mistletoe (600 mg, 3/week) demonstrated manageable toxicities (fatigue, nausea, and chills) with disease control and improved QoL. Future research can examine ME's effect on survival and chemotherapy tolerability.
ІНФЕКЦІЙНІ ПСИХОЗИ. ІСТОРИЧНИЙ РАКУРС. ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КЛІНІКИ
Authors: Мисула Ю. І. , Венгер О. П.
Published: February 2023

Інфекційні психози відомі з давнини, проте вони дотепер становлять труднощі для діагностики, лікування та догляду за пацієнтами з цією патологією. Знання історичних етапів вчення та клініки інфекційних психозів є важливим для лікаря будь-якого профілю, оскільки дає глибоке розуміння природи вказаної категорії розладів і знання того, чого слід очікувати від пацієнта. Інфекційні психози можуть виникати на будь-якій стадії захворювання. Часто вони обумовлені наростанням тяжкості захворювання з посиленням обмінних, судинних та інших порушень. Зазвичай у таких випадках розвиваються психози за типом екзогенної реакції з характерними для неї синдромами (делірій, онейроїд, аменція, сутінкове потьмарення свідомості). Залежність між виникненням психозів і тяжкістю соматичного стану не абсолютна. При психозах у хворих з інфекційними захворюваннями описано практично всі синдроми, відомі в психо­патології.
АНАЛІЗ КЛІНІКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК COVID-19 У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ПОХИЛОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Білоконь О. О. , Литвин К. Ю.
Published: February 2023

Порівняно клініко-лабораторні показники хворих на COVID-19 віком 60 років і старше (люди похилого віку – основна група) та пацієнтів до 60 років (група порівняння). Встановлено, що тяжкий ступінь захворювання не залежав від віку, але летальний вислід вдвічі частіше був у пацієнтів похилого віку – 36 (20,0 %) проти 14 (10,0 %) випадків у групі порівняння (р=0,015). Особи віком 60 років і старше значно частіше страждали на ішемічну хворобу серця – 65 (36,1 %) проти 18 (12,9 %) хворих групи порівняння; гіпертонічну хворобу – 133 (73,9 %) проти 37 (26,4 %) пацієнтів молодшого віку (p<0,001); цукровий діабет – 49 (27,2 %) проти 16 (11,4 %) (p<0,001). У пацієнтів старшого віку також достовірно частіше виявляли хронічні захворювання респіраторного тракту – 9 (5,0 %) проти 1 (0,7 %) випадку в групі порівняння (р=0,029) та вен нижніх кінцівок – 6 (3,3 %) проти 0 % (р=0,037). Статистично значущі відмінності між групами за показниками систолічного та діастолічного артеріального тиску (АТ) (відповідно p=0,002 і p=0,047), за рівнем глюкози (р=0,004), сечовини (р<0,001), азоту сечовини (р=0,005) у сироватці крові відповідають тим соматичним захворюванням, які частіше бувають в осіб 60 років і старше й можуть мати маркерну роль для встановлення прогнозу недуги.
СИНДРОМ PFAPA
Authors: Андрейчин Ю. М. , Хоружий І. В. , Процишин К. Д.
Published: February 2023

Як свідчать дані літератури, синдром РFАРА – періодична гарячка з тонзилофарингітом, афтозним стоматитом і шийним лімфаденітом – вперше описали вчені G.S. Marshall et al. у 1987 р. Цей синдром є поширеним автозапальним розладом у дітей, але трапляється і в дорослих, у багатьох частинах світу. Його етіологія і патогенез ще не з’ясовані. Триває пошук і удосконалення діагностичних критеріїв.

На сьогодні використовують стандартизовані схеми лікування хворих: 1) нестероїдні протизапальні препарати, 2) ГКС-абортивна терапія, 3) колхіцин або циметидин – профілактична терапія, 4) тонзилектомія – хірургічний метод. Однак трапляються рецидиви захворювання.
СИСТЕМНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО АНАЛІЗУ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ВЛАСНЕ СИСТЕМИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Литвинова О. Н. , Теренда О. А. , Запорожан Л. П. , Феш М. С.
Published: February 2023

Мета: проаналізувати зміни і стратегії забезпечення санітарного та епідеміологічного благополуччя в Україні.

Матеріали і методи. Для аналізу використано нормативно-правові акти, які були прийняті в Україні у 2012–2022 рр. При проведенні дослідження були використані загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи дослідження, зокрема аналіз і синтез, порівняння, узагальнення, системно-структурний аналіз та аналітичний метод.

Результати. Проаналізовано етапи реформування системи охорони здоров’я України у сфері забезпечення санітарного та епідеміологічного благополуччя протягом 2012–2022 рр. Відмічено складні нормативно-правові колізії у співпраці державної санітарно-епідеміологічної служби (СЕС) та представників приватного бізнесу. На зміну СЕС у державі розпочато розбудову системи громадського здоров’я.

Сьогоднішнє законодавство у сфері захисту здоров’я базується на Конституції України і складається з Основ законодавства України про охорону здоров’я, Закону України «Про систему громадського здоров’я», Закону «Про забезпечення санітарного та епідемічного благополуччя населення», Закону «Про захист населення від інфекційних хвороб», Закону «Про протидію захворюванню на туберкульоз», Закону «Про запобігання захворюванню на синдром набутого імунодефіциту (СНІД) та соціальний захист населення», Закону України «Про основні засади державного нагляду (контролю) у сфері господарської діяльності», інших нормативно-правових актів та санітарних норм.

Закон України «Про систему громадського здоров’я» врегульовує забезпечення системної, ефективної профілак­тики як інфекційної, так і неінфекційної захворюваності, порядок проведення епідеміологічного нагляду та розслі­дування спалахів захворювань, проте потребує прийняття низки підзаконних документів, які допоможуть його імплементації у сферу охорони здоров’я.

Висновок. Система охорони здоров’я в Україні і надалі потребує чіткого стратегічного визначення, побудови стрункої інфраструктури, налагодження однозначних системних зв’язків і, як основи, розробки досконалої нормативно-правової бази.
ОЦІНКА НЕВРОЛОГІЧНОГО ДЕФІЦИТУ ХВОРИХ ЗІ СПАДКОВОЮ МОТОРНО-СЕНСОРНОЮ НЕЙРОПАТІЄЮ 1А ТИПУ ПІСЛЯ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ЗАГАЛЬНОПРИЙНЯТИХ ШКАЛ ТА ОПИТУВАЛЬНИКІВ
Authors: Говбах І. О.
Published: February 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ. Сьогодні не існує ефективних методів лікування хворих на спадкову моторно-сенсорну нейропатію (СМСН) 1А типу. Таким пацієнтам призначають лише комплексні реабілітаційні програми, а також симптоматичну медикаментозну терапію.
Метою роботи була оцінка впливу комплексної реабілітації на динаміку захворювання на основі катамнестичного аналізу клініко-нейрофізіологічних характеристик хворих на СМСН 1А типу.
Матеріал і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 63 пацієнти із СМСН 1А типу віком від 36 до 60 років, які були поділені на основну та контрольну групи. Основну групу становили хворі на СМСН 1А типу, які з моменту маніфестації захворювання проходили щорічно комплексні реабілітаційні програми, а також симптоматичну медикаментозну терапію. До контрольної групи увійшли хворі на СМСН 1А типу, які не отримували комплексні програми реабілітації. Для об’єктивізації клінічних симптомів було проведено оцінку неврологічного дефіциту хворих на СМСН 1А типу з використанням шкал та опитувальників: NIS, NDS, ODSS, MRC-SS, індексу Бартела та тесту «Функціональні категорії ходіння». Для оцінки якості життя пацієнтів використовували опитувальник «Коротка форма дослідження медичних результатів (Short Form Medical Outcomes Study (SF-36))».
Результати. Тяжкість неврологічного дефіциту у хворих на СМСН 1А типу контрольної групи була вищою, порівняно з хворими основної групи. У хворих основної групи спостерігався переважно середній ступінь тяжкості захворювання – у 71,4 % випадків; легкий – у 28,6 % випадків. У хворих контрольної групи спостерігався середній ступінь тяжкості захворювання у 46,4 % випадків; тяжкий – у 53,6 % випадків; легкий ступінь захворювання не спостерігався. У хворих основної групи середні значення показників якості життя за всіма шкалами опитувальника SF-36 були вищі за такі контрольної групи.
Висновки. Регулярні комплексні реабілітаційні програми достовірно знижують темпи прогресування захворювання у хворих на СМСН 1А типу та сприяють стабілізації патологічного процесу. Такі програми підвищують якість життя хворих на СМСН 1А типу завдяки підвищенню рівня фізичної активності, загального емоційного фону, соціального функціонування, загального стану здоров’я, а також найбільше впливають на покращення якості життя завдяки підвищенню показників за шкалою психічного здоров’я.
ІМУНОЛОГІЧНИЙ СТАТУС ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ ПАНКРЕАТИТ У ПОЄДНАННІ ІЗ H. PYLORI-АСОЦІЙОВАНИМ ХРОНІЧНИМ ГАСТРИТОМ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЙОГО ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ КОРЕКЦІЇ
Authors: Махніцька І. В. , Бабінець Л. С.
Published: February 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ. Не дивлячись на значні успіхи у дослідженні патології підшлункової залози (ПЗ), імунологічні процеси у розвитку і перебігу захворювань ПЗ залишаються недостатньо вивченими та обґрунтованими.

Мета – дослідження стану та динаміки параметрів імунної системи при коморбідності хронічного панкреатиту із H. Pylori-асоційованим хронічним гастритом під впливом запропонованих комплексних програм лікування.

Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 117 амбулаторних хворих на ХП у коморбідності з хронічним гастритом (ХГ), асоційованим із Н. pylori, після лікування у гастроентерологічному відділенні. Для подальшого дослідження хворих було поділено на дві групи: І група налічувала 58 (49,6 %) пацієнтів з ХП та Н. pylori-асоційованим ХГ, які отримували загальноприйняте комплексне лікування (ЗПК); ІІ група – 59 (50,4 %) пацієнтів, які отримували ЗПКЛ із додаванням доктовіту, що є синергічною комбінацією декспантенолу (провітаміну В5) і метилметіоніну (вітаміну U)) по 2 таблетки на добу після їди протягом 2 місяців. Усім пацієнтам до та після лікування проводили визначення параметрів клітинного та гуморального імунітету.

Результати. Встановили вищу динаміку показників клітинного імунітету у групі із включенням доктовіту (CD3 – на 11,6 %, CD16 – на 8,3 %, CD4 – на 7,2 %, CD8 – 19,3 %), зниження ЦІК – на 5,2 %, зниження всіх показників гуморальної ланки імунітету, підвищення показника комплементу – на 19,4 %.

Включення до загальноприйнятого комплексного лікування хворих на ХП у коморбідності з ХГ, асоційованим із Н. pylori, вітамінного комплексу декспантенолу і метилметіоніну сприяло більш статистично значимому регресу ознак запальної реакції, зменшенню проявів імунної недостатності та активації неспецифічного імунітету у порівнянні із таким у групі пацієнтів, яка отримувала загальноприйнятий лікувальний комплекс (р<0,05).

Висновок. Отримані результати довели вищу ефективність і доцільність використання синергічної комбінації декспантенолу і метилметіоніну (доктовіту) у комплексному лікуванні хворих на ХП у коморбідності з ХГ, асоційованим із Н. pylori.
Вплив емоційного інтелекту на ефективність роботи медичної сестри
Authors: Дужич Н. В. , Єгер О. Й. , Синенко М. Ю. , Марущак М. І.
Published: February 2023

Резюме. Медичні сестри повинні бути достатньо стійкими, щоб мінімізувати страждання пацієнтів, розумно зберігаючи свої емоції та стійкість.
Мета дослідження – проаналізувати фактори, що пов’язані з емоційним інтелектом (ЕІ) та їх вплив на ефективність роботи медичної сестри.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні опрацьовано наукові публікації за останнє десятиліття, а також публікації із високим цитуванням, які доступні у мережі «Internet», ключовими словами були: «емоційний інтелект», «стійкість», «емпатія», «задоволення», «спілкування», «сестринський догляд».
Результати. Спілкування, EI та емпатія є необхідними навичками у сестринському догляді. На ці навички можуть впливати різні змінні, наприклад умови праці та стресові фактори. Як позитивна емоція, задоволення роботою покращує особисту та організаційну ефективність, що дозволяє медсестрам виявляти більший робочий ентузіазм і креативність. Емпатія та задоволення у спілкуванні також мають позитивний прогностичний вплив на ефективність роботи. Чим вищий рівень ЕІ у медсестер, тим більшою є їх емпатія та сильніше відчуття благополуччя, що підвищує ефективність роботи. Реалізація емпатії медичних сестер базується на спілкуванні медсестра – пацієнт. Чим вищий рівень ЕІ медсестри, тим більше її задоволення від спілкування і тим сильніше вона задоволена роботою, що підвищує її ефективність. Такий вплив говорить про те, що основ­ною метою ЕІ медсестер є отримання задоволення від спілкування, що і є складовою в ефективності роботи.
Висновки. Емоційний інтелект є важливим для медичних сестер, оскільки він впливає на їхні здібності приймати рішення, клінічне судження та самопочуття, що безпосередньо пов’язано з якістю медсестринського догляду.
Surf4 (Surfeit Locus Protein 4) Deficiency Reduces Intestinal Lipid Absorption and Secretion and Decreases Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Tao Geru , Wang Hao , Shen Yishi , Zhai Lei , Liu Boyan , Wang Bingxiang , Chen Wei , Xing Sijie , Chen Yuan , Gu Hong-Mei , Qin Shucun , Zhang Da-Wei
Published: February 2023

Background:

Postprandial dyslipidemia is a causative risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The majority of absorbed dietary lipids are packaged into chylomicron and then delivered to circulation. Previous studies showed that Surf4 (surfeit locus protein 4) mediates very low-density lipoprotein secretion from hepatocytes. Silencing hepatic Surf4 markedly reduces the development of atherosclerosis in different mouse models of atherosclerosis without causing hepatic steatosis. However, the role of Surf4 in chylomicron secretion is unknown.

Methods:

We developed inducible intestinal-specific
Surf4
knockdown mice (
Surf4
IKO
) using
Vil
1Cre-ER
T2
and
Surf4
flox
mice. Metabolic cages were used to monitor mouse metabolism. Enzymatic kits were employed to measure serum and tissue lipid levels. The expression of target genes was detected by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Transmission electron microscopy and radiolabeled oleic acid were used to assess the structure of enterocytes and intestinal lipid absorption and secretion, respectively. Proteomics was performed to determine changes in protein expression in serum and jejunum.

Results:

Surf4
IKO
mice, especially male
Surf4
IKO
mice, displayed significant body weight loss, increased mortality, and reduced metabolism.
Surf4
IKO
mice exhibited lipid accumulation in enterocytes and impaired fat absorption and secretion. Lipid droplets and small lipid vacuoles were accumulated in the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum lumen of the enterocytes of
Surf4
IKO
mice, respectively. Surf4 colocalized with apoB and co-immunoprecipitated with apoB48 in differentiated Caco-2 cells. Intestinal Surf4 deficiency also significantly reduced serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and free fatty acid levels in mice. Proteomics data revealed that diverse pathways were altered in
Surf4
IKO
mice. In addition,
Surf4
IKO
mice had mild liver damage, decreased liver size and weight, and reduced hepatic triglyceride levels.

Conclusions:

Our findings demonstrate that intestinal Surf4 plays an essential role in lipid absorption and chylomicron secretion and suggest that the therapeutic use of Surf4 inhibition requires highly cell/tissue-specific targeting.
Genetic Risk Score Improves Risk Stratification for Anticoagulation-Related Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Mayerhofer Ernst , Parodi Livia , Prapiadou Savvina , Malik Rainer , Rosand Jonathan , Georgakis Marios K. , Anderson Christopher D.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating adverse outcome for patients on anticoagulants. Clinical risk scores that quantify bleeding risk can guide decision-making in situations when indication or duration for anticoagulation is uncertain. We investigated whether integration of a genetic risk score into an existing risk factor–based CRS could improve risk stratification for anticoagulation-related ICH.

Methods:

We constructed 153 genetic risk scores from genome-wide association data of 1545 ICH cases and 1481 controls and validated them in 431 ICH cases and 431 matched controls from the population-based UK Biobank. The score that explained the largest variance in ICH risk was selected and tested for prediction of incident ICH in an independent cohort of 5530 anticoagulant users. A CRS for major anticoagulation-related hemorrhage, based on 8/9 components of the HAS-BLED score, was compared with a combined clinical and genetic risk score incorporating an additional point for high genetic risk for ICH.

Results:

Among anticoagulated individuals, 94 ICH occurred over a mean follow-up of 11.9 years. Compared with the lowest genetic risk score tertile, being in the highest tertile was associated with a two-fold increased risk for incident ICH (hazard ratio, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.22–3.56]). Although the CRS predicted incident ICH with a hazard ratio of 1.24 per 1-point increase (95% CI [1.01–1.53]), adding a point for high genetic ICH risk led to a stronger association (hazard ratio of 1.33 per 1-point increase [95% CI, 1.11–1.59]) with improved risk stratification (C index 0.57 versus 0.53) and maintained calibration (integrated calibration index 0.001 for both). The new clinical and genetic risk score showed 19% improvement in high-risk classification among individuals with ICH and a net reclassification improvement of 0.10.

Conclusions:

Among anticoagulant users, a prediction score incorporating genomic information is superior to a clinical risk score alone for ICH risk stratification and could serve in clinical decision-making.
Electrical Characteristics Enhancement for P-Type SnOx Thin Film Transistors with Furnace and Microwave Annealing
Authors: Wu Chien-Hung , Yeh Li-Wei , Liu Po-Tsun , Chung Wen-Chun , Chang Kow-Ming , Chang Shih-Ho
Published: February 2023

Since the first n-type TFT was introduced in 1962, it was made of polycrystalline cadmium sulfide (CdS) as the active layer, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and gold (Au) as the insulator electrodes. Now, n-type TFT is still the most applications in display products.
In order to make display products more energy-efficient, complementary MOS circuit design is considered as a promising selection, and P-type TFT devices play an important role in it. This work focuses on how the oxygen ambient annealing process affects SnOx TFTs device electrical
characteristic. In the oxygen ambient, both furnace and microwave annealing (MWA) are used to anneal P-type SnOx TFTs to realize its P-type property and enhance its electrical characteristics. The best results are reached at 300 °C, 30 min of furnace annealing
and 1200 W, 100 sec of MWA. The fieldeffect mobility are 0.2596 cm2/V * s and 0.1581 cm2/V * s, threshold voltage are −2.65 V and −3.28 V, sub threshold swing are 0.485 V/decade and 0.93 V/decade, current ratio Ion/Ioff
are 3.07×104 and 1.65×104, respectively. The experiment results show that both furnace annealing and MWA in oxygen ambient could effectively enhance P-type SnOx TFTs.
Modification of CuSbS2 Photovoltaic Absorbent Properties via Defect Substitution
Authors: Albar Arwa
Published: February 2023

CuSbS2 is an earth-abundant alternative absorbent material for thin-film solar cells. However, because of the comparable size of cations in CuSbS2 thin films, atomic disorder occurs, which modifies the Cu/Sb ratio and lowers the efficiency of the solar cells. A
similar effect has been observed in previously reported absorbent materials, which could be reduced using extrinsic substitution defects. Although extrinsic substitution defects are crucial for resolving the disorder-related issues, they can strongly modify the structural, electronic, and
optical properties of the CuSbS2 absorbent material, which may lower the efficiency of CuSbS2-based thinfilm solar cells. Therefore, herein, first-principle calculations were used to investigate structural, electronic, and optical properties of CuSbS2 with
the Te-, Sn-, and Bi-substitution of Sb. The formation energies of the defects were calculated to investigate the stability of the defects at different charge states. Our results revealed that the absorption coefficient is strongly sensitive to structural distortions. Moreover, Sn+2Sb
defects cause an indirect-to-direct band gap transformation, which can increase the efficiency of CuSbS2-based thin-film solar cells.
Determination of Graphene Migration Single Defect Site and Its Electronic Structure with Various Sizes
Authors: Mao Zhijian
Published: February 2023

The planar hexagon graphene nanoflakes can deform their shape to be distorted after the single vacancy site creation. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed massively on a series sizes of graphene flake with all possible single vacancy site to determine
its energetic, structural and electronic properties. It is found that the planar original graphene nanoflakes deform after a single vacancy is generated, and the deformation of graphene nanoflakes decreases with the increase of flake diameter. The formation energy of graphene nanoflakes with
single vacancy indicates the stability increases with the size graphene nanoflakes increases. The HOMO-LUMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) gap values are only highly related to the size of the system and much less related to different migration
locations. The calculate the root mean squared deviation (RMSD) is also calculated to quantify the geometric distortion between original atomic structure and the structures after the creation of single vacancy. The results provide insights into better understanding of the relationship between
the formation energy and the size, as well as the distortion change as a function of the graphene flake size, and sufficiently perspective into quantifying the uncertainties in these measurements.