bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reevaluating progression and pathways following
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
infection within the spectrum of tuberculosis
Authors: Horton Katherine C. , Richards Alexandra S. , Emery Jon C. , Esmail Hanif , Houben Rein M. G. J.
Published: November 2023

Traditional understanding of the risk of progression from
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(
Mtb
) infection to tuberculosis (TB) overlooks diverse presentations across a spectrum of disease. We developed a deterministic model of
Mtb
infection and minimal (pathological damage but not infectious), subclinical (infectious but no reported symptoms), and clinical (infectious and symptomatic) TB, informed by a rigorous evaluation of data from a systematic review of TB natural history. Using a Bayesian approach, we calibrated the model to data from historical cohorts that followed tuberculin-negative individuals to tuberculin conversion and TB, as well as data from cohorts that followed progression and regression between disease states, disease state prevalence ratios, disease duration, and mortality. We estimated incidence, pathways, and 10-y outcomes following
Mtb
infection for a simulated cohort. Then, 92.0% (95% uncertainty interval, UI, 91.4 to 92.5) of individuals self-cleared within 10 y of infection, while 7.9% (95% UI 7.4 to 8.5) progressed to TB. Of those, 68.6% (95% UI 65.4 to 72.0) developed infectious disease, and 33.2% (95% UI 29.9 to 36.4) progressed to clinical disease. While 98% of progression to minimal disease occurred within 2 y of infection, only 71% and 44% of subclinical and clinical disease, respectively, occurred within this period. Multiple progression pathways from infection were necessary to calibrate the model and 49.5% (95% UI 45.6 to 53.7) of those who developed infectious disease undulated between disease states. We identified heterogeneous pathways across disease states after
Mtb
infection, highlighting the need for clearly defined disease thresholds to inform more effective prevention and treatment efforts to end TB.
A partial human LCK defect causes a T cell immunodeficiency with intestinal inflammation
Authors: Lui Victor G. , Hoenig Manfred , Cabrera-Martinez Berenice , Baxter Ryan M. , Garcia-Perez Josselyn E. , Bailey Olivia , Acharya Atanu , Lundquist Karl , Capera Jesusa , Matusewicz Paul , Hartl Frederike A. , D’Abramo Marco , Alba Josephine , Jacobsen Eva-Maria , Niewolik Doris , Lorenz Myriam , Pannicke Ulrich , Schulz Ansgar S. , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Schamel Wolfgang W. , Minguet Susana , Gumbart James C. , Dustin Michael L. , Cambier John C. , Schwarz Klaus , Hsieh Elena W.Y.
Published: November 2023

Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) is essential for T cell antigen receptor (TCR)–mediated signal transduction. Here, we report two siblings homozygous for a novel LCK variant (c.1318C>T; P440S) characterized by T cell lymphopenia with skewed memory phenotype, infant-onset recurrent infections, failure to thrive, and protracted diarrhea. The patients’ T cells show residual TCR signal transduction and proliferation following anti-CD3/CD28 and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation. We demonstrate in mouse models that complete (Lck−/−) versus partial (LckP440S/P440S) loss-of-function LCK causes disease with differing phenotypes. While both Lck−/− and LckP440S/P440S mice exhibit arrested thymic T cell development and profound T cell lymphopenia, only LckP440S/P440S mice show residual T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the intestinal disease in the LckP440S/P440S mice is prevented by CD4+ T cell depletion or regulatory T cell transfer. These findings demonstrate that P440S LCK spares sufficient T cell function to allow the maturation of some conventional T cells but not regulatory T cells—leading to intestinal inflammation.
Nanoparticles based on MIL-101 metal-organic frameworks as efficient carriers of therapeutic 188Re radionuclide for nuclear medicine
Authors: Belyaev Iaroslav B , Zelepukin Ivan V , Tishchenko Victoria K , Petriev Vasiliy M , Trushina Daria B , Klimentov Sergey M , Zavestovskaya Irina N , Ivanov Sergey A , Kaprin Andrey D , Deyev Sergey M , Kabashin Andrei V
Published: November 2023

Nuclear medicine presents one of the most promising modalities for efficient non-invasive treatment of a variety of cancers, but the application of radionuclides in cancer therapy and diagnostics is severely limited by their nonspecific tissue accumulation and poor biocompatibility. Here, we explore the use of nanosized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as carriers of radionuclides to order to improve their delivery to tumour. To demonstrate the concept, we prepared polymer-coated MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 MOFs and conjugated them with clinically utilized radionuclide 188Re. The nanoparticles demonstrated high loading efficacy of radionuclide reaching specific activity of 49 MBq mg−1. Pharmacokinetics of loaded MOFs was investigated in mice bearing colon adenocarcinoma. The biological half-life of the radionuclide in blood was (20.9 ± 1.3) h, and nanoparticles enabled it to passively accumulate and retain in the tumour. The radionuclide delivery with MOFs led to a significant decrease of radioactivity uptake by the thyroid gland and stomach as compared with perrhenate salt injection, which is beneficial for reducing the side toxicity of nuclear therapy. The reported data on the functionalization and pharmacokinetics of MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 for radionuclide delivery unveils the promising potential of these MOFs for nuclear medicine.
Toward large-scale, ordered and tunable Majorana-zero-modes lattice on iron-based superconductors
Authors: Li Geng , Li Meng , Zhou Xingtai , Gao Hong-Jun
Published: November 2023

Majorana excitations are the quasiparticle analog of Majorana fermions in solid materials. Typical examples are the Majorana zero modes (MZMs) and the dispersing Majorana modes. When probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the former manifest as a pronounced conductance peak locating precisely at zero-energy, while the latter behaves as constant or slowly varying density of states. The MZMs obey non-abelian statistics and are believed to be building blocks for topological quantum computing, which is highly immune to the environmental noise. Existing MZM platforms include hybrid structures such as topological insulator, semiconducting nanowire or 1D atomic chains on top of a conventional superconductor, and single materials such as the iron-based superconductors (IBSs) and 4Hb–TaS2. Very recently, ordered and tunable MZM lattice has also been realized in IBS LiFeAs, providing a scalable and applicable platform for future topological quantum computation. In this review, we present an overview of the recent local probe studies on MZMs. Classified by the material platforms, we start with the MZMs in the iron-chalcogenide superconductors where FeTe0.55Se0.45 and (Li0.84Fe0.16)OHFeSe will be discussed. We then review the Majorana research in the iron-pnictide superconductors as well as other platforms beyond the IBSs. We further review recent works on ordered and tunable MZM lattice, showing that strain is a feasible tool to tune the topological superconductivity. Finally, we give our summary and perspective on future Majorana research.
Magnetic field effects and transverse ratchets in charge lattices coupled to asymmetric substrates
Authors: Reichhardt C J O , Reichhardt C
Published: November 2023

We examine a charge lattice coupled to a one-dimensional asymmetric potential in the presence of an applied magnetic field, which induces gyrotropic effects in the charge motion. This system could be realized for Wigner crystals in nanostructured samples, dusty plasmas, or other classical charge-ordered states where gyrotropic motion and damping can arise. For zero magnetic field, an applied external ac drive can produce a ratchet effect in which the particles move along the easy flow direction of the substrate asymmetry. The zero field ratchet effect can only occur when the ac drive is aligned with the substrate asymmetry direction; however, when a magnetic field is added, the gyrotropic forces generate a Hall effect that leads to a variety of new behaviors, including a transverse ratchet motion that occurs when the ac drive is perpendicular to the substrate asymmetry direction. We show that this system exhibits commensuration effects as well as reversals in the ratchet effect and the Hall angle of the motion. The magnetic field also produces a nonmonotonic ratchet efficiency when the particles become localized at high fields.
Constraints on primordial curvature power spectrum with pulsar timing arrays
Authors: You Zhi-Qiang , Yi Zhu , Wu You
Published: November 2023

The stochastic signal detected by NANOGrav, PPTA, EPTA, and CPTA can be explained by the scalar-induced gravitational waves. In order to determine the scalar-induced gravitational waves model that best fits the stochastic signal, we employ both single- and double-peak parameterizations for the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbations, where the single-peak scenarios include the δ-function, box, lognormal, and broken power law model, and the double-peak scenario is described by the double lognormal form. Using Bayesian inference, we find that there is no significant evidence for or against the single-peak scenario over the double-peak model, with log (Bayes factors) among these models ln ℬ < 1. Therefore, we cannot distinguish the different shapes of the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbation with the current sensitivity of pulsar timing arrays.
Regular multi-horizon Lee-Wick black holes
Authors: Burzillà Nicolò , Giacchini Breno L. , de Paula Netto Tibério , Modesto Leonardo
Published: November 2023

In this paper we carry out a detailed analysis of the static spherically symmetric solutions of a sixth-derivative Lee-Wick gravity model in the effective delta source approximation. Previous studies of these solutions have only considered the particular case in which the real and the imaginary part of the Lee-Wick mass μ = a + ib are equal. However, as we show here, the solutions exhibit an interesting structure when the full parameter space is considered, owing to the oscillations of the metric that depend on the ratio b/a. Such oscillations can generate a rich structure of horizons, a sequence of mass gaps and the existence of multiple regimes for black hole sizes (horizon position gaps). In what concerns the thermodynamics of these objects, the oscillation of the Hawking temperature determines the presence of multiple mass scales for the remnants of the evaporation process and may permit the existence of cold black holes with zero Hawking temperature T and quasi-stable intermediate configurations with T  ≈ 0 and a long evaporation lifetime. For the sake of generality, we consider two families of solutions, one with a trivial shift function and the other with a non-trivial one (dirty black hole). The latter solution has the advantage of reproducing the modified Newtonian-limit metric of Lee-Wick gravity for small and large values of r.
Monochromatic neutrinos from dark matter through the Higgs portal
Authors: de la Torre Pablo , Gutiérrez Miguel , Masip Manuel
Published: November 2023

We define a minimal model of dark matter with a fermion singletχcoupled to the visible sector through the Higgs portal and with a heavy Dirac neutrinoNthat opens the annihilation channelχχ → Nν. The model provides the observed relic abundance consistently with bounds from direct searches and implies a monochromatic neutrino signal at 10 GeV–1 TeV in indirect searches. In particular, we obtain the capture rate ofχby the Sun and show that the signal could be above theneutrino floorproduced by cosmic rays showering in the solar surface. In most benchmark models this solar astrophysical background is above the expected dark matter signal, so the model that we propose is a canonical example of WIMP not excluded by direct searches that could be studied at neutrino telescopes and also at colliders.
Exploration of ITER operational space with as-built stiffness of central solenoid modules
Authors: Kim S.H. , McIntosh S.C. , Gribov Y. , Loarte A. , Polevoi A.R. , Dubrov M. , Kavin A.A. , Lukash V.E. , Khayrutdinov R.R. , Casper T.A.
Published: November 2023

The as-built stiffness in the ITER central solenoid (CS) modules (CSM1 thorough to CSM4 are currently manufactured) determines the range of vertical compression forces that can be tolerated by the CS modules during ITER operation. Since the as-built stiffness of the CS modules manufactured (∼32 GPa and ∼34 GPa for CSM1 and CSM2, respectively and similar for the other modules) has been reduced from the design value (53 GPa), the CS axial (vertical) force criteria have been updated assuming a conservative stiffness (25 GPa) with margins for all six CS modules. Initial analysis using the updated CS force criteria has revealed that this reduction affects only the plasma initiation with fully charged CS in the ITER 15 MA Baseline DT scenario, resulting in a slight reduction of poloidal magnetic flux, from 117.5 Wb to 116.2 Wb at initial CS magnetization. Therefore, the 15 MA Baseline scenario has been re-developed with an updated plasma start-up, and then the entire evolution of the CS and poloidal field coil parameters has been validated against all the coil currents, fields and forces criteria. To explore potential risks and opportunities for further optimization of scenarios, the equilibrium operational space (the plasma internal inductance versus the poloidal magnetic flux produced by the coils) at flat-top burn has been analyzed using the CORSICA and DINA codes. The three major ITER reference DT operation scenarios, 15 MA Q = 10 Baseline, 12.5 MA Q > 5 Hybrid and 10 MA Q ∼ 5 Steady-State, satisfy all the coil criteria including the CS force updated reflecting the as-built stiffness. The evolution of the plasma discharge parameters within the equilibrium operational spaces provided a guidance for potential optimization with margins.
Cloud to Ground Lightning Strike Density Analysis Based on Geographic Information System in Tuban Regency Area
Authors: Cahyo R H D , Ardimas  , Anggara Y D , Puspitasari A , Peredianto
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the density of Cloud to Ground lightning strikes in the Tuban Regency area from September 2022 to January 2023 using the help of a Geographic Information System (GIS). After processing and analyzing the data, the results were that the highest lightning strike density occurred in October 2022, with 40240 strikes, while the lowest occurred in 2790 strikes. The total number of strikes from September to January is 135249 strikes. Based on aspects of the earth’s surface, it was obtained that the density of cloud to ground lightning strikes that occurred in the Tuban Regency area increased along with increasing height. This can be seen where the southern part of Tuban Regency, namely in the sub-districts bordering Bojonegoro Regency, including Parengan, Soko, and Senori sub-districts, has the highest level of vulnerability.
Fabrication and Characterization of PSf/GO-SiO2 Membranes as Filtration of Detergent Contaminated Water
Authors: Anis A , Munasir M
Published: November 2023

The increasing use of detergents in daily life can cause environmental pollution. So, to solve the problem, membrane technology is suitable to reduce various pollution from water. Graphene Oxide (GO) and SiO2 are very much of concern and have been studied in recent years because they can change many characteristics of materials and can expand the range of applications in membrane manufacturing. So, this study aims to analyze the results of PSf/GO-SiO2 membrane fabrication by phase inversion method and analyze the results of PSf/GO-SiO2 membrane performance as detergent polluted water filtration. In GO synthesis using Hummer’s method, GO-SiO2 composite synthesis using Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in-situ hydrolysis method, and PSf/GO-SiO2 membrane fabrication using the phase inversion method. So, it is concluded that the PSf/GO-SiO2 membrane fabrication has been successfully carried out, as indicated by the SEM results; with the increasing presence of SiO2, the membrane pore size is getting bigger. For the performance of the PSf/GO-SiO2 membrane with UV-Vis test, the results showed that the flux value of the PSf; PSf/GO and PSf/GO-SiO2 (0.6) membranes was 119.58 L/m2.h; 140.35 L/m2.h and 157.79 L/m2.h respectively. In line with the results of the membrane rejection values are 95.22%, 97.68%, and 98.55%, respectively. The membrane with the best performance in the filtration of detergent-polluted water is the PSf/GO-SiO2 (0.6) membrane. The presence of SiO2 in the membrane causes a higher flux value because the larger membrane pore size influences it, so the PSf/GO-SiO2 membrane can be used to filtrate detergent-contaminated water.
Student Digital Literacy Analysis in Physics Learning Through Implementation Digital-Based Learning Media
Authors: Anggraeni F K A , Nuraini L , Harijanto A , Prastowo S H B , Subiki S , Supriadi B , Maryani M
Published: November 2023

Currently, the utilization of technology is needed in education as a learning media. This integration demands digital literacy skills. Hence, this research examines the digital literacy skills of Physics Education students at Jember University. This research is descriptive research with data collection methods using questionnaires. Analyzing the questionnaire results follows descriptive analysis techniques. The research findings indicate that students display good digital literacy skills in terms of operational abilities, excellent critical understanding skills, and satisfactory communication skills through media. Therefore, Physics Education students at Jember University possess good digital literacy when utilizing digital-based learning media.
Simulation of Electromagnetic Waves with Sinusoidal Pulses on Metal through the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Method
Authors: Firdaus R A , Rahayu V , Ula R K , Saputra Y D
Published: November 2023

Understanding electromagnetic wave physical phenomena in three dimensions can be challenging. This research aims to create a model for how electromagnetic waves travel through a three-dimensional medium. One of the best ways to visualize this type of electromagnetic wave is Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD). The simulation results revealed that the properties of the dielectric material and conductivity affect the shape of the sinusoidal pulse propagation, where the electromagnetic wave experiences reflection and transmission. The properties of the material influence the electric and magnetic fields in various ways, affecting the interaction between the transmitted and reflected waves. This interaction is influenced by several factors, such as permeability, and leads to either constructive or destructive interference.
The algorithm for Detecting Intruders at Station Platform Ends Based on Single-line Radar Point Clouds
Authors: Wang Xiaoshu , Bai Wei , Peng Kaibei
Published: November 2023

It is a significant concern that there is a risk of passenger intrusions at station platform ends. Current detection uses video triggered by single-line radar, but it is ineffective for accurate identification. In this paper, we address this issue by first analyzing the characteristics of intruders at the ends of train platforms. We propose a two-stage filtering-recognition method to achieve intruder detection based on single-line radar point cloud data. In the first stage, we smooth initial point cloud data using a double-chain exponential weighted moving average filter by grouping points. In the second stage, we extract features using the background subtraction method and a critical threshold of point numbers to detect intruder targets. Experimental results demonstrate that this method is effectively capable of detecting intruders at different distances.
Pipelined Memristive neural network analog-to-digital converter
Authors: Wang Weihe , Yu Hongqi
Published: November 2023

This paper designs a pipelined memristive neural network ADCs. Cascade the sub stages of memristive neural network ADC with pipeline structure to improve the conversion accuracy of memristive neural network ADC. First, the signal flow of the pipeline architecture is optimized, and the compatibility between the 4 bit memristive neural network ADC and the pipeline architecture is solved. Secondly, the application of random disturbance circuits in pipeline architecture was analyzed. Combining the calibration circuit with the pipeline DAC to reduce the power consumption of the calibration circuit. Finally, the circuit model of memristive neural network ADC is built and compared with the existing memristive neural network ADC. The results indicate that the pipeline structure ADC designed in this chapter has the advantage of adaptive calibration in terms of calibration function.
Spreading Factor and Coding Rate Allocation Method for LoRa Network
Authors: Li Ruyan , Tang Xiaoqing , Xie Guihui
Published: November 2023

Aiming at the problems of frequent packet loss and high energy consumption in large-scale LoRa networks, this paper proposes a joint allocation method of Spreading Factor (SF) and Coding Rate (CR). Firstly, we establish the effect relationship of SF and CR on Frame Error Rate(FER), and pre-allocate SF and CR based on the node position to minimize the energy consumption of the node while meeting the FER requirement. Then, according to the collision model, the collision probability of each SF group is calculated, and the sequential water injection method is used to equalize the collision probability within each SF group, to improve the average packet arrival rate of the entire network. The simulation results show that compared to mainstream algorithms, the proposed algorithm obtains a 13% increment in terms of the network average packet success probability, and a 104% one in terms of the average energy efficiency. The proposed algorithm has high application value in many application scenarios such as smart agriculture and smart cities.
Insulator Defect Detection Method upon Fused Attention Mechanism and Bidirectional Feature Fusion
Authors: Chen Yiming
Published: November 2023

Insulators are important components for achieving electrical insulation and mechanical support, but they are prone to various defects in harsh operating environments, which can damage their mechanical strength and insulation performance. This article proposes the Shuffle YOLOv7 model based on the YOLOv7 algorithm for insulator defect detection, aiming to solve the weakness of low precision in traditional object detection algorithms when facing complex backgrounds and small-sized defects. To address the issue of low attention to flashover faults in traditional algorithms, the ShuffleAttention fusion attention mechanism is supplied to concentrate on both intra-channel and inter-channel deep features, and the original PANet structure is replaced with a pyramid which has a bidirectional feature fusion structure to enhance the network’s feature extraction ability. The Focal-EIOU LOSS optimization method focuses on high-quality prior boxes to improve model accuracy, and the effectiveness of the optimization method is verified through ablation experiments. These results of the experiment show that the proposed algorithm achieves varying degrees of performance improvement in terms of precision, recall, average precision, and overall loss compared to mainstream object detection algorithms in detecting insulator damage and flashover.
Intelligent Vehicle Systematic Design Based on Arduino and Raspberry Pi
Authors: Liu Yulin , Liu Xiaolu , Lu Chunguang , Song Lei , Cui Guoyu , Qian Haifeng , Tan Nick Nianxiong
Published: November 2023

The intelligent vehicle designed in this paper can realize functions, such as safety detection, visual identification, remote control and manipulator grasping, and so on. Arduino MEGA is used as the main control board to send signal messages to drive vehicles. Wi-Fi module is used to receive messages to remote control vehicles. The ultrasonic and infrared module is used to realize object detection around vehicles. To realize complex route movement, raspberry pie is used for visual recognition and path planning. Data is sent to Arduino for judgment in real time. Finally, it is verified that the design effectively improves the path-planning ability and obstacle-avoidance function in a sample vehicle.
Power Equalization Strategy Based on Adaptive Virtual Impedance
Authors: Lv Xiong , Zhang Baoge , Tian Hao , Ren Yongquan , Cui Fuhong
Published: November 2023

Due to the differences in the line resistance of each distributed generation unit, conventional sag control does not allow for precise distribution of power, which also reduces the problem of system reactive power accuracy. To address this problem, this paper analyzes the power equalization and distribution conditions. A method for adaptive adjustment of virtual resistance by system output power feedback is submitted. Reducing the variance among the original line resistances aims to solve the problem of power not being evenly divided and improve the equalization of reactive power. By building a Simulink parallel simulation model of the inverter, it is verified that the power feedback-based fetching and the improved droop control is effective.
Multi-pedestrian Tracking Method Fusing Two-stage Matching
Authors: Deng Xin , Zhao Lijun , Li Ruifeng
Published: November 2023

Multi-pedestrian tracking is one of the hot topics in computer vision. For an intelligent mobile robot, multi-pedestrian tracking from a first-person perspective can provide information for navigating through a crowd and ensure safety. Most of the existing methods cannot deal with occlusion and trajectory overlap well. In this paper, a multi-pedestrian tracking method fusing two-stage matching is proposed. Firstly, the detection and the corresponding feature values of the pedestrians are obtained by a multi-task learning network based on CenterNet. Then the detected pedestrians are matched with feature values by greedy strategy. When dealing with the reappearance of pedestrians caused by occlusion or trajectory overlap, the sample database is established to update the samples in real time. The color histogram and HOG feature are calculated for each sample. When the pedestrian disappears, the direction of disappearance and the last position is recorded for the selection of trajectory. Finally, the KM algorithm is used for cross-frame matching. Our method is compared with some recent methods on MOT data sets. The result shows that our method has a significant improvement in the main evaluation index MOTA.
Face and Background Deepfake Detection Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xinjun , Liu Jia , Sang Yu
Published: November 2023

The paper proposes the Face and Background Deepfake Detection (FBDD) algorithm to detect both face forgery and background forgery. Multiple key frames of the video are extracted as the input of the FBDD Transformer, and the inter-frame information is also considered to obtain four feature vectors of the person, background, head, and face to improve the detection efficiency and accuracy. FBDD distance is proposed to determine the type of video forgery. Constructing a rich dataset of video forgery methods containing face forgery and background forgery improves the accuracy of the model on different datasets. The FBDD algorithm was experimented on several commonly used and article-constructed datasets and has higher accuracy and stronger image degradation generalization compared to frontier detection algorithms.
Prior Knowledge-guided Hierarchical Action Quality Assessment with 3D Convolution and Attention Mechanism
Authors: Zhou Haoyang , Hou Teng , Li Jitao
Published: November 2023

Recently, there has been a growing interest in the field of computer vision and deep learning regarding a newly emerging problem known as action quality assessment (AQA). However, most researchers still rely on the traditional approach of using models from the video action recognition field. Unfortunately, this approach overlooks crucial features in AQA, such as movement fluency and degree of completion. Alternatively, some researchers have employed the transformer paradigm to capture action details and overall action integrity, but the high computational cost associated with transformers makes them impractical for real-time tasks. Due to the diversity of action types, it is challenging to rely solely on a shared model for quality assessment of various types of actions. To address these issues, we propose a novel network structure for AQA, which is the first to integrate multi-model capabilities through a classification model. Specifically, we utilize a pre-trained I3D model equipped with a self-attention block for classification. This allows us to evaluate various categories of actions using just one model. Furthermore, we introduce self-attention mechanisms and multi-head attention into the traditional convolutional neural network. By systematically replacing the last few layers of the conventional convolutional network, our model gains a greater ability to sense the global coordination of different actions. We have verified the effectiveness of our approach on the AQA-7 dataset. In comparison to other popular models, our model achieves satisfactory performance while maintaining a low computational cost.
Performance Analysis and Vibration Test of Hot Melt Bonder
Authors: Peng Fang , Xu Cheng , Lei Ming , Jiang Xinghui , Kong Xiangrui
Published: November 2023

In this paper, the performance analysis, strength simulation, and vibration test of the structure of the hot-melt bonding machine are carried out. This paper firstly analyzes the structure and performance of the new hot-melt adhesive machine from the functional analysis of the product, then uses the knowledge of mechanical design to analyze the strength and stability of the whole machine, and uses Solid Works to build a three-dimensional model and the simulation software Ansys Workbench. The strength simulation and evaluation of the model were carried out. Finally, the samples were made and vibration tests were carried out. The hot melt adhesive machine has passed the transportation simulation vibration test and met the functional requirements of transportation stability. The simulation and testing methods in this paper provide a technical reference and solution for engineers.
Angle-only Autonomous Terminal Guidance and Navigation Algorithm for Asteroid Defense based on Meta-reinforcement Learning
Authors: Pu Yuhao , Bei Chao
Published: November 2023

This paper presented a robust angle-only guidance and navigation algorithm for asteroid defense missions based on meta-reinforcement learning. A recurrent neural network, trained via proximal policy optimization, is used to map the line-of-sight angles captured in real-time by the onboard camera to the optimal thrust. The neural network effectively replaces the roles of the navigation and guidance system while simultaneously removing the dependence on dynamic and observation models. The guidance and navigation model is tested on numerical simulations of a simulated mission directed to asteroid Bennu. The objective is to enable the spacecraft to hit the asteroid precisely, despite the presence of scattered initial conditions, uncertain model parameters, thruster control error, and attitude control and measurement error.
Optimization and verification of mechanical design for small total reflection optics
Authors: Dong Shuai , Xu Yangbo , Ma Youwei , Li Libin , Han Shengsheng
Published: November 2023

Mechanical performance assurance is one of the key concerns in the design of small total reflection optics. This article addresses the issue of insufficient strength margin in the design of a total reflection optics for a space photoelectric sensor. Firstly, structural design optimization research was conducted on the optics, and the effectiveness of structural improvement was verified through finite element analysis; Secondly, a concave analysis was conducted under mechanical test conditions to further reduce the risk; Afterwards, the accuracy of the simulation results was verified by comparing the simulation with the experiment through small-scale random vibration tests; Finally, sine vibration tests, random vibration tests, shock tests, acceleration tests were conducted on the entire machine, and optical tests were conducted before and after the tests. The experimental and testing results indicate that the entire machine has passed the mechanical test assessment at the appraisal level and maintained good optical performance. The total reflection optics optimized by mechanical design meets the requirements of engineering applications.
Marangoni convection in a C-shape enclosure with partially heated walls
Authors: Siri Zailan , Al ‘Idrus Sharifah Nuriza S M N
Published: November 2023

A numerical study was carried out to investigate Marangoni convection of nanofluid in a C-shape cavity with partially heated walls. The opposite sides of the walls are cooled at constant temperature while the rest of the partitions are kept adiabatic. The governing equations and boundary conditions are then introduced to describe the fluid flow and temperature distribution within the enclosure before the equations are non-dimensionalised and solved using the finite element method. The solutions, presented as streamlines, isotherms, local Nusselt and average Nusselt for varying Marangoni number, Rayleigh number, and depth, are then discussed.
Assessing the potential of CO2 huff ‘n’ puff technology for enhanced oil recovery and CO2 sequestration in tight oil reservoirs
Authors: Yu Longhui , Li Hangyu , Liu Junrong , Liu Shuyang , Wang Zhiqiang , Tan Qizhi
Published: November 2023

Fossil fuels utilization will produce a large amount of CO2, which causes a series of environmental problems. However, the exhaust CO2 can be used to achieve oil recovery improvement (CO2 EOR), while simultaneously allowing for the geological storage of CO2. For the unconventional reservoir, CO2 huff ‘n’ puff (HNP) is a potential technology showing promising results in laboratory experiments, while its effectiveness in enhancing oil recovery and CO2 sequestration at the reservoir scale remains uncertain. Thus, further research is needed to evaluate the CO2 HNP performance for its implementation. In this paper, we conducted a numerical simulation of the CO2 HNP process in a real tight oil reservoir (1800 m × 350 m × 10m in size) to assess its potential for improving oil recovery, CO2 injectivity, and CO2 sequestration. The results show that the accumulative oil production increased by more than 20% after the implementation of CO2 HNP. Meanwhile, CO2 HNP in tight oil reservoirs is proven capable to achieve CO2 injectivities of more than 4×107 SCm3 and CO2 storages of more than 5×106 SCm3. We designed 3 CO2 HNP schemes and found that the largest CO2 storage does not occur in the optimal scenario for oil production. A new type of CO2 HNP evaluation system considering oil production and storage capacity needs to be established. The results of the article suggest that CO2 HNP can achieve an oil production increase and CO2 storage in tight reservoirs, which has a positive significance for the sustainable development of environmental protection.
Application of DEKF algorithm for SOC estimation of lithium batteries
Authors: Yang Xiong , Yao Xiong
Published: November 2023

A technique based on a double-extended Kalman filter (DEKF) is created to estimate the SOC of a lithium-ion battery pack in real time. The Kalman filter technique and the Thevenin battery model are used to develop a state-space expression for the battery model. Improved accuracy and a more faithful representation of the battery’s internal state are achieved using the least squares approach and the DEKF algorithm to determine the model’s parameters. Experiments are developed for testing batteries that adhere to the presented idea of the online estimate of charge status using the DEKF algorithm. The results of the experiments demonstrate the algorithm’s excellent accuracy and environmental flexibility in calculating SOC online in various settings. The greatest error is less than 4.5 percent. The DEKF method is shown to successfully address the issues of erroneous initial estimates and cumulative errors and to have strong convergence and resilience.
Study on Life Prediction of Li-MnO2 Battery
Authors: Wang Xiao’er , Dong Li , Jiang Pei
Published: November 2023

In order to predict the life of lithium-manganese dioxide batteries, 32 lithium-manganese dioxide batteries were taken as the research object, and temperature is selected to be the battery life accelerated stress. Based on the test results, the Arrhenius model is used as the accelerated life model to predict the storage life of lithium batteries. It is provided a new method of normal temperature storage life prediction of lithium primary batteries, which provides theoretical support for the maintenance in the determination of the lithium battery storage period. It has a certain reference value for the storage reliability accelerated life test of other types of lithium primary batteries.
Intelligent Perception of Distribution Network State Based on Multi-source Data Fusion
Authors: Zhang XiaoSong , Zuo Zhiping
Published: November 2023

This article proposes an intelligent state perception method based on multi-source data fusion to address the issue of the difference between the state perception range and the actual range caused by the abnormal operation status of active distribution networks. In this paper, by combining Ant colony optimization algorithms and fusion rules, a multi-source data fusion model of the operation situation is constructed. The operation situation indicators, such as line loss rate and light load rate, are determined. Using multi-source data fusion information entropy to train samples, the range of abnormal operating states of the power grid is determined. By fusing multi-source voltage data and using the multi-source data fusion method to distinguish voltage data, four operating state perception results of voltage are obtained. Finally, the perception data is modified using Analytic Hierarchy Process to ensure that the state perception results meet the compatibility and consistency requirements with the actual results. According to the experimental results, the proposed method can accurately perceive the fluctuation of abnormal data within 40~50 ranges, which is consistent with the actual value fluctuation range, so as to obtain accurate perception results under different operating conditions.
Design and Application of Station Power Supply System for Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Based on Power Exchange Operation
Authors: Li Yongjie , Wang Wenge , Lu Jizhao , Hou Huanpeng
Published: November 2023

Based on the engineering application design and development of the power supply system of lithium iron phosphate battery pack in the operation and maintenance mode, this paper conducts the application research from four aspects of battery quantity selection, capacity calculation selection, battery management system design, battery pack modular design, etc. The design scheme of the lithium iron phosphate power supply system is formulated, and the matching battery management system is designed. A universal lithium iron phosphate battery module with an “N+1” redundant configuration is developed to improve the maintenance efficiency of the battery pack. It reliably supports the substation power changing operation and maintenance mode and ensures the reliability and operation safety of the substation power supply system.
Internal flow characteristics of the valveless piezoelectric micropump with the diffusion/nozzle tube
Authors: Cai Shengchuan , Dong Min , Sun Wanxue , Li Caixia
Published: November 2023

A simulation was conducted to research the unsteady flow properties of the valveless piezoelectric micropump with diffusion/nozzle tube at different angles in the case of various driving frequencies using CFX software in this study. The purpose was to obtain the factors that affect the performance of the micropump under unsteady conditions. The results show that the rate of flow of the valveless piezoelectric micropump with different diffusion angles increases with the increase of frequency. The micropump with a diffusion angle of 10° has the best performance and the maximum rate of flow within the frequency range of 100 Hz~500 Hz, and the efficiency of the micropump can be reached 16.98%. The vortex motion generated due to flow separation has a notable effect on the performance of the micropump.
Design of Low Quality Heat Recovery and Utilization System for Fixed Discharge of Coal-fired Boilers
Authors: Hu Qiudong , Liu Xingli
Published: November 2023

In order to optimize the energy structure, increase the proportion of clean heat sources, and solve the problem of high energy consumption for heating, a waste heat recovery scheme is planned to be designed, which mainly recovers the waste heat of the 700MW boilers in the thermal power plant, which can be used to heat the condensed water of the steam turbine in summer., It can be used to heat the circulating water in the heating network in winter to achieve the goal of recovering heat and reducing energy consumption. In the design process, a lithium bromide absorption heat pump is used as the main system for low-quality heat recovery, and steam is used as a driving heat source to release heat in the generator to heat a dilute solution of lithium bromide to generate refrigerant vapor, thereby achieving high efficiency, energy saving and economic benefits. the goal of. At the same time, two booster pumps (one for transport and one for standby) are added to the condensate pipeline at the inlet of the low-low temperature economizer system to achieve the purpose of boosting the condensate. This design plan adheres to the concept of energy saving and environmental protection, and proposes a technical transformation route for low-quality heat recovery and utilization projects to achieve the goals of reducing production costs and increasing corporate benefits.
Harmonic analysis and filter design based on high power electromagnetic transmitter
Authors: Meng Qingke , Zhang Yiming , Wang Xuhong , Gao Junxia
Published: November 2023

In order to effectively suppress the higher harmonics contained in the output voltage of high-power electromagnetic transmitter, the waveform expression of the output voltage of bipolar pulse width modulation (SPWM) circuit is derived, which can accurately obtain the fundamental wave and each harmonic content in the inverter bridge transmission voltage, and provide a theoretical basis for the design of output filter. At the same time, a design method of output LC filter based on high power electromagnetic transmitter is proposed based on MATLAB simulation calculation and considering the fundamental voltage drop, inductor current ripple and reactive power capacity on the filter inductor. Finally, the feasibility of this design method is verified by the field experiment of transmitter, and the output filtering effect is good.
Evaluation Method for Reverse Recovery Characteristics of Thyristors Based on Charge Measurement
Authors: Zha Kunpeng , Gu Bowen , Guo Ningming , Zhu Yuan , Zhang Wuyu , Zhang Xiangyu
Published: November 2023

The change of operation mode of the HVDC project causes a change of the external characteristic of the converter valve, and the reverse recovery characteristic of the thyristor inside the converter valve changes accordingly. Therefore, the reverse recovery charge measurement values of thyristors under different operating conditions cannot be directly compared, and the status of thyristors cannot be evaluated online. Therefore, a method of measuring the reverse recovery charge of series thyristor based on the turn-off voltage is presented in this paper. Then, the operation mode of the HVDC project is analyzed, and the external characteristics of the converter valve under different operation modes are discussed. Secondly, the external factors that affect the reverse recovery characteristics of thyristors are analyzed essentially, and the relationship between the external factors and the external characteristics of the converter valve is discussed. A reverse recovery charge model considering external factors is established, and a method to reduce the error is proposed. Finally, the reverse-recovery charge normalization coefficient is derived for the normalization of the measured values in different working conditions. Based on the charge online measurement method and the normalization method proposed in this paper, the reverse-recovery characteristic evaluation method of the thyristor is proposed, and the evaluation steps are introduced.
Optimal Dispatch of Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP)-Wind Combined Power Generation System
Authors: Qi Yanming , Ma Shangang , Jin Fubao , Zhou Dengtao , Li Ruobing
Published: November 2023

The random nature of renewable energy leads to the instability of the balance state of the power grid, and the frequency and voltage of the grid also fluctuate. Considering that wind energy and solar thermal power generation can complement each other in terms of temporal output power, the heat storage system of the solar thermal power station is used to regulate the joint operation of the solar thermal power station and wind power generation, and an optimal scheduling method for promoting new energy consumption of solar thermal power station is proposed. Based on the solar thermal-wind combined power generation system, the method considers the operating characteristics and constraints of each unit and uses the MATLAB optimization toolbox to simulate and verify the IEEE-14 node system. The results show that the participation of wind power grid-connected time thermal power stations can alleviate the pressure of rapid output adjustment of traditional units and can ensure the economy of the system, and the operating cost is reduced by 51.5%. The curtailment air volume was reduced from the original 2.5015 MW to 0.83015 MW, maximizing new energy consumption.
Laplace transformations and sine-Gordon type integrable PDE
Authors: Habibullin I T , Faizulina K I , Khakimova A R
Published: November 2023

It is well known that the Laplace cascade method is an effective tool for constructing solutions to linear equations of hyperbolic type, as well as nonlinear equations of the Liouville type. The connection between the Laplace method and soliton equations of hyperbolic type remains less studied. The article shows that the Laplace cascade also has important applications in the theory of hyperbolic equations of the soliton type. Laplace’s method provides a simple way to construct such fundamental objects related to integrability theory as the recursion operator, the Lax pair and Dubrovin-type equations, allowing one to find algebro-geometric solutions. As an application of this approach, previously unknown recursion operators and Lax pairs are found for two nonlinear integrable equations of the sine-Gordon type.