bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Customer's Requirements Analysis Approach for Kano’s Model
Authors: Shan Quan , Chen Yan
Published: August 2013

Modularity has been recognized as a vital factor to implement mass customization. To obtain the optimization project of modular design, customer's requirements must be gained firstly. There has different level for each customer's requirement. So, the classification technology of customer's requirements, which using KANO model investigate questionnaire, is expatiated in this paper. Then, the attribute class of customer's requirements can be gained. A questionnaire, which using the household hanging air-conditioning system as an example, is proposed in this paper. The result, which using KANO theory to analyze, demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approaches.
The Integrated Regulatory Philosophy of Non-Profit Public Investment Construction Projects in China
Authors: Wu Yun Na , Ba Xi , Yang Yi Sheng
Published: August 2013

The inefficiency regulation on non-profit public investment construction projects (NPICP) is an important problem to puzzle Chinese government who wants to search for a scientific regulatory system. It is the complexity of regulatory system that causes the inefficiency. In order to deal with this problem, the integrated management philosophy was put forward to reduce the complexity and increased transparency. Then we designed the three dimensional integrated regulatory mode according to the regulatory principles. The system operation was emphasized on discussing the implementation procedures, designing operation procedures. This model may provide a new perspective for optimizing government regulatory mechanism.
Influence of Welding Parameters on Weld Appearance and Mechanical Properties in Twin-Wire Tandem Submerged Arc Welding of HSLA Steel
Authors: Yan Chun Yan , Huang Jian Cheng , Wang Lin , Zhu Di , Yang Shun Zhen , He Shun Ming
Published: August 2013

Effects of welding parameters on the weld bead appearance and mechanical properties in twin-wire tandem submerged arc welding of a high-strength low-alloy steel were investigated. Steel plates were welded using different combinations of welding current, voltage, inter-wire spacing and welding speed. The weld joints were characterized in detail by metallography. Hardness and tensile properties of the specimens were measured. The experimental analysis reveals that good weld appearance can be obtained for a range of inter-wire spacing from 55mm to 80mm. Leading wire current, trailing wire voltage and welding speed are the major factors affecting weld bead profile and microstructures in weld metal and fusion zone. Greater welding speed tends to produce higher cooling rate and favors the formation of strengthening phases like acicular ferrite and bainitic structures resulting in better mechanical properties.
Influence of Hydrogen on Microstructure of Electron Beam Welded Joint
Authors: Liu Xin , Mao Zhi Yong
Published: August 2013

Hydrogen distributions of TC4 electron beam welded joints with different hydrogen contents were measured by hydrogen oxygen analyzer. Microstructures of electron beam welded joints for TC4 titanium alloy with different hydrogen contents were observed and analyzed by optical microscope and TEM. And the influence of hydrogen on microstructure of the joints was investigated. The results show that the hydrogen content of weld HAZ is higher than other zones in the electron beam welded joints, while the hydrogen content of fusion zone is lower than other zones in the electron beam welded joints. The microstructure of the weld metal is fine lamellar α + β phase after hydrogen charging. In the range of hydrogen contents discussed in this study (from 0 to 0.101 wt. %), with the increase of hydrogen content, there is little change in the appearance of the microstructure of the weld metal. There are stacking fault and dislocation in the microstructure of TC4 electron beam welded joints with different hydrogen contents after hydrogen charging. The presence of hydrogen can promote the formation of twins in electron beam welded joints. With the increase of hydrogen content, the number of twins is increased.
Hot Cracking and Microstructure of Welding Joint of Magnesium Alloy AZ91D
Authors: Sun De Xin , Cui De Li , Shi Jiang Tian
Published: August 2013

The microstructure and cracking characteristics of MIG welded magnesium alloy (AZ91D) joint, and the effect of welding speed on cracking susceptibility have been investigated. The result indicates the welded joint consists of primary α-Mg and divorced phases (eutectic α-Mg + eutectic β-Mg17Al12), the latter mainly distributing along the α-Mg grain boundaries. The weld of the magnesium alloy displays a high cracking susceptibility. The cracks are mainly formed in the arc crater at the end of the weld. These cracks propagate along the α-Mg grain boundary, and they belong to the solidification cracking. These solidification cracks are resulted by the joint function of the low melting point liquid film in the weld and the tensile stress suffered by the weld metal during the solidification process. The low melting point liquid film is the internal cause to form the solidification cracks, while the tensile stress is a necessary condition. Limiting the amount of the low melting point eutectic and decreasing the tensile stress of the welding joint are two effective methods to improve the solidification cracking susceptibility of the magnesium alloy weld.
Numerical Simulation of Clinching Process in Copper Alloy Sheets
Authors: Yang Hui Yan , He Xiao Cong , Zeng Kai , Ding Yan Fang
Published: August 2013

The clinch joining is a new technique to join light alloy materials. This paper studies the process of clinching in joining Copper alloy sheets based on the method of numerical simulation combined with experiment. The studies are performed by employing software ansys/ls-dyna considering with the contact conditions and material models in the model. Efficient analytic results of forming of clinching in Copper alloy sheets are provided. The experiments of clinched joints in Copper alloy sheets are carried out to validate the simulation. It is shown that the simulation of process of clinching joints in Copper alloy sheet has a good agreement with the experimental result. That suggests the developed finite element model, considering the contact conditions of materials and the material models can be used to predict the joint forming of Copper alloy by clinching ideally.
Effects of Three Steel Fibers on the Properties of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Lian Hui , Zhang Yun Fei , Xin Jiang Tao , Yang Jian Hua , Li Guo Xin
Published: August 2013

Portland cement, crushed stone, sand and superplasticizer were used to obtain a high strength concrete with a low water to binder ratio. Three steel fibers such as waste steel wire, corrugated steel fiber and arch steel fiber were added into the high strength concrete. The effects of the three fibers on the slump and the strengths such as compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength were researched. The reduction of the slump and the increasing of the strength of the concrete with the arch steel fiber were the most significant due to the highest length-diameter ratio.
Fly Ash the Status of Resource-Oriented Utilization in Construction Material
Authors: Yue Zhi Xin , Chen Juan Nong
Published: August 2013

Fly ash is a large amount of solid wastes produced from power plants, use of its resources has always been a matter of the government and experts are concerned. Combining with the characteristics of the nature of the fly ash, introduces the fly ash resource utilization in construction materials using some new approaches and application of the status quo.
The Test Research on Impact Compaction Reinforcement of the Soil Base
Authors: Chen Rong Jun , Guo Juan
Published: August 2013

This article verifies the feasibility to impact rolling technology instead of dynamic consolidation in soil areas soil region reinforcement processing by impact rolling soil base reinforcement experiments .In this essay, high soil areas embankment large area of reinforcement processing has opened up a new way.
Ashing Law of Minerals in Coal and Influence on Amount of Ash from Boiler
Authors: Chen Gang , Li Bo , Su Wei , Zhang Hong Liang
Published: August 2013

This article makes analysis of the composition of the coaly mineral, makes the research on the evolution characteristics of the coaly mineral in the course of combustion, the ashing behavior of the mineral and the generation mechanism of the particle, points out the relationship between the grain size of the particle in the coal and the amount of ash, and finally indicates that the actual amount of ash from the boiler is less than the theoretical amount of ash by test.
Oscillations of Bridge Decks Based on VDP Equation
Authors: Xia Xiao Hui
Published: August 2013

The importance of aeroelastic interaction in the design of bridge decks is nowadays apparent. Key role played by the Scruton number in wind engineering applications is discussed in this paper, the windtunnel tests carried out to estimate the aeroelastic parameters of this model are presented. We also demonstrates by means of numerical integrations the validity of the approximate solution and identification procedure, Finally, the results of the previously mentioned numerical identification procedure are presented.
Influence of Graduation on Road Performance of Fibers-Reinforced Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Zhu Feng , Guo De Dong
Published: August 2013

Rutting test, residual stability test and freeze-thaw split test were used to measure the properties of asphalt mixture with different graduation and same mixing amount of fibers, the results were analyzed to obtain the influence of graduation types in the road performance of fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture. The results showed as follows: fibers could obvious improve the high temperature property and water stability of asphalt mixture; the graduation types have visible impact on the improvement of all properties of fibers-reinforced asphalt mixture; SMA-13 has the greatest influence in improving the performance of fibers-reinforced mixture; the improving effect of dense graduation AC mixture will gradually decrease when the nominal maximum aggregate size was becoming bigger; graduation optimization design should be used in mix design of fibers-reinforced mixture to enhance its road performance.
Experimental Study on Drying Shrinkage Performance of Solid Concrete Bricks Made from Recycled Coarse Aggregate
Authors: He Xi Xi , Zhang Tao
Published: August 2013

Solid recycled coarse aggregate concrete bricks were produced by QTY4-40 brick machine with strength grades of MU15-MU30. Recycled aggregate replacement rate was up to 100%. Water absorption and moisture content were tested. Two methods were taken to test the drying shrinkage. The impact of recycled aggregate replacement rate and curing period on the drying shrinkage rate, water absorption, moisture content, density was analyzed, and the relationship between them was presented. The results indicate that recycled aggregate can increase the shrinkage of solid concrete brick. The shrinkage of recycled solid concrete bricks' (fully substitute) is larger than ordinary concrete bricks' by 1.6-2 times. Water reducer is helpful to improve the water retention and decrease the shrinkage of brick. One of the test results of shrinkage got by the methods recommended in relevant specification is smaller.
Influence of Solid Dissolved Al3+ Ions in Adsorption Alkali Ability of C-S-H
Authors: Lv Xiu Ling , Zhang Shu Qing
Published: August 2013

The influence of Al3+ions that had been solid dissolved in C-S-H on the amount of Na+ions adsorbed on C-S-H surface was studied. The experimental results show that the solid dissolution of Al3+ions in C-S-H structure makes the electronegative C-S-H surface increase electronegative amounts, that is the reason why the adsorption ability of C-S-H for Na+ions increase.
Studying on Improving Adsorption Capacity of Pillared-Montmorillonite by Na6(PO3)6
Authors: Lv Xiu Ling , Zhang Shu Qing
Published: August 2013

As the raw materials of preparing pillared-montmorillonite, before being pillared, Na-montmorillonite is pretreated by adding sodium hexametaphosphate (Na6(PO3)6) to soliquoid of it. Na6(PO3)6 is used as a dispersing agent. It is shown that adsorption capacity of pillared-montmorillonite on SO42-ion is increased compared with non-adding.
Application of NURBS Technique in Measurement for Aeroengine Blade
Authors: Jiang Zhen Zhu , Liu Shu Gui , Zhang Hai Tao , Mao Qing
Published: August 2013

A method for tortuous sculptured surface reconstruction of the aeroengine blade was presented. The non-uniform relational B-spline (NURBS) technique method was adopted to reconstruct the surface within a specified accuracy. And it could satisfy our desired requirement in the continuity of the surface, tangent and curvature. The basic theory of NURBS was introduced. And the 3D graphics standard and the graphics library of OpenGL were used to show the result of the tortuous sculptured surface reconstruction on the platform VC++6.0.
Trajectory Simulation of Magnetic Nanoparticles in the Blood Vessel for the Magnetic Targeted-Drug Delivery
Authors: Feng Jie , Zhang Rui Lin , Qu Ya Nan , Geng Ping , Qi Shou Liang
Published: August 2013

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been considered as potential therapeutic agent carrier for the magnetic targeted-drug delivery in the fight against cancer. Trajectories of MNPs in the blood vessel determine the capture and retention ratio, and the final effectiveness of the treatment. In the present study, a theoretical model of MNPs trajectory is deduced at first. Then two kinds of magnets are proposed, and their magnetic field distributions are calculated through the finite element method software of ANSYS. Using the model and magnetic field inputs, the MNPs trajectories are determined, and the influences of the MNP diameter (Rp), the blood flow velocity (vf) and magnetic field intensity (H) on the trajectories are clarified finally. It is found that the proposed method combining the theoretical model and numerical simulation is feasible. The closed magnetic circuit with concave-convex poles has better MNPs retention ratio than that of the open magnetic circuit because it has higher H and Grad (H). LargeRp, lowvf, and high H are good to capture the MNPs. Especiallyvfand H are critical parameters for the retention ratio of MNPs, and highvfand low H may let MNPs escape the magnetic field region.
Writing violence: Problematizing nationhood in Wole Soyinka's A Shuttle in the Crypt
Authors: Akingbe Niyi
Published: August 2013

Wole Soyinka’s A Shuttle in the Crypt is a distillation of deep-seated anger against what he perceived as his “unjustified confinement” of twenty-five months by the administration of General Yakubu Gowon during the Nigerian Civil War between 1967 and 1970. Nigeria’s haunting, turbulent political history is approached from ostensibly mediation of fact and fiction rendered in poetry. Poems in this collection exteriorize Soyinka’s mind as it shuttles back and forth from life to death, fuelled by the fear of palpable death, and the knowledge that his fellow prisoners were dying slowly, unheeded by the prison authority. A Shuttle in the Crypt dwells on notions, conceptions, symbolic actions and relations lifted clean from their social, historical and literary contexts which are fused into an ideal worldview whose coherence is purely conceptual. This essay evaluates the intersection of history, literature and society, to examine the façade of nationhood as orchestrated by the political upheaval and internecine conflict, essentially moderated by the pulsation of Soyinka’s mind while in solitary confinement. It further examines the poetics of A Shuttle in the Crypt, as it underscores suspended fear of expression and the need to give expression to an ever greater pressure of grim experience in Nigeria’s chequered political trajectory.
Uso y abuso de sustancias psicoactivas: Cultura y sociedad
Authors: Cuerno Clavel Lorena
Published: August 2013

Desde la óptica de la Antropología Sociocultural, se plantea el uso de las sustancias psicoactivas como una práctica que la misma sociedad impulsa, promueve y vuelve invisible. También se identifica el uso y abuso de las drogas desde la perspectiva de la imagen y desde la identidad grupal y el sentido de pertenencia, entre otros; así como algunos elementos sobre la cultura del consumidor de sustancias. De igual manera, se plantea lo sórdido de la necesidad de consumir y hasta dónde puede llegar un adicto para subsanar ese menester. Por último, se expone la respuesta de las instituciones pertinentes ante este problema, mediante programas preventivos y curativos. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v2i0.1192
Entre la legislación y la criminalidad: El caso de contrabando de ganado, aguardiente y tabaco en la Provincia de Sonsonate a finales del período colonial
Authors: Linares Acevedo Josselin Ivettee
Published: August 2013

El contrabando es un problema que ha existido desde épocas coloniales; fue un delito bastante cometido y perseguido por las autoridades judiciales en los finales del periodo colonial. En la Provincia de Sonsonate, como en los demás pueblos pertenecientes al Reino de Guatemala (Capitanía General de Guatemala): el robo de ganado, la venta de aguardiente y la siembra de tabaco clandestino, estuvieron a la orden del día. La producción y comercialización de estos bienes, en ocasiones, no se desarrollaba como lo acordaban las leyes, más bien se implantó un sistema para evadir impuestos y obtener más ganancias como lo era el contrabando o venta ilegal. Hay que referirse a que la ganadería a finales del período colonial era la principal actividad de gran parte de las haciendas y fincas, asimismo presentó un problema para la agricultura milpera. El abigeato, el aguardiente y la cosecha clandestina de tabaco eran fenómenos sociales, los bandidos en su mayoría eran indígenas y mulatos, dedicados a la labraduría de los pueblos y rancherías, o eran trabajadores de las haciendas. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v2i0.1195
Banqueros y Lava Dólares
Authors: Pleitez García Mario Alberto
Published: August 2013

“Un siniestro y complejo mundo delictivo flota junto a la legalidad internacional, valiéndose de ella, generando intersecciones, acciones u omisiones que en su conjunto estarían drenando la oportunidad del desarrollo para millones de seres humanos en el planeta.” DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v2i0.1196
Reglamento de la unidad de investigación financiera relativo al patrimonio especial de bienes comisados
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v2i0.1198
Web: Informe del Uso de Drogas en las Américas 2011
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v2i0.1201Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 2(0) 2013: 301-302
Web: Informe Mundial sobre las Drogas 2012
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rpsp.v2i0.1207Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 2(0) 2013: 303-304
A Synergistic Approach for Recovering Occlusion-Free Textured 3D Maps of Urban Facades from Heterogeneous Cartographic Data
Authors: Hammoudi Karim , Dornaika Fadi , Soheilian Bahman , Vallet Bruno , McDonald John , Paparoditis Nicolas
Published: August 2013

In this paper we present a practical approach for generating an occlusion-free textured 3D map of urban facades by the synergistic use of terrestrial images, 3D point clouds and area-based information. Particularly in dense urban environments, the high presence of urban objects in front of the facades causes significant difficulties for several stages in computational building modeling. Major challenges lie on the one hand in extracting complete 3D facade quadrilateral delimitations and on the other hand in generating occlusion-free facade textures. For these reasons, we describe a straightforward approach for completing and recovering facade geometry and textures by exploiting the data complementarity of terrestrial multi-source imagery and area-based information.
Lung Cancer Biomarkers: Present Status and Future Developments
Authors: Cagle Philip T. , Allen Timothy Craig , Olsen Randall J.
Published: August 2013

The publication of the “Molecular Testing Guideline for Selection of Lung Cancer Patients for EGFR and ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and Association for Molecular Pathology” has now provided a guideline for biomarker testing for first-generation lung cancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Biomarker testing has forever altered the role of pathologists in the management of patients with lung cancer. Current, unresolved issues in the precision medicine of lung cancer will be addressed by the development of new biomarker tests, new drugs, and new test technologies and by improvement in the cost to benefit ratio of biomarker testing.
The DISCUSS Project: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines From Previously Collected Research Biospecimens and Informed Consent: Points to Consider
Authors: Lomax Geoffrey P. , Hull Sara Chandros , Lowenthal Justin , Rao Mahendra , Isasi Rosario
Published: August 2013

Human somatic cell reprogramming is a leading technology for accelerating disease modeling and drug discovery. Research organizations are sponsoring initiatives to create libraries of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines for broad distribution and application. Donor informed consent plays a critical role in supporting the ethical conduct of iPSC research. To date, our organizations have focused on informed consent considerations for somatic cell collection intended specifically for iPSC derivation and distribution. This article considers how somatic cells obtained under general (biomedical) research protocols can be used for iPSC derivation. We present draft Points to Consider regarding the use of human somatic cells for iPSC research. Our goal is to initiate a process designed to develop consensus for the use of previously collected specimens for iPSC research. We anticipate publishing final considerations in early 2014.
A influência da cooperação estratégica no processo de desenvolvimento do turismo de Natal (RN): análise de relações entre os stakeholders
Authors: Santiago Pereira Annete , Dias Lopes Fernando
Published: August 2013

Investigou-se nesta pesquisa a influência da cooperação estratégica no processo de desenvolvimento do turismo no destino Natal, a partir da análise das relações entre os stakeholders. Os aportes teóricos do trabalho se basearam na temática “estratégias de cooperação e novas formas de gestão”, focando nos conceitos de estratégia, cooperação, redes, alianças estratégicas e polos de turismo. 0 estudo realizado definiu-se como descritivo-causal (explicativo) e estudo de caso. A técnica de coleta de dados utilizada foi a entrevista a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado, com representantes de instituições vinculadas às ações e projetos de desenvolvimento do turismo implementados na cidade de Natal. As relações foram identificadas nos grupos: Iniciativa Privada/ Iniciativa Privada, Iniciativa Privada/Poder Público e Iniciativa Privada/Poder Público/Terceiro Setor. As es- tratégias de cooperação identificadas foram consórcio, estratégia coletiva e clusters, que se relacionam ao ciclo de vida do produto turístico através do alcance da eficiência coletiva. Concluiu-se que a cooperação estratégica influenciou no processo de desenvolvimento do Destino Natal, uma vez que esteve presente na consolidação dos projetos de desenvolvimento do turismo instituídos, quando a eficiência da ação coletiva era alcançada, embora não tenha sido o fator motivador do desenvolvimento do destino.
O exercício da cidadania corporativa contribuindo para a transformação da realidade social da comunidade Serviluz
Authors: Calvanti de Sá Abreu Mônica , Chaves Correia Lima Bruno , Medeiros da Silva Verbena Maria , Teixeira da Cunha Larissa
Published: August 2013

O artigo avalia o estágio de cidadania corporativa alcançado na Petrobras/Lubnor por meio do projeto de apoio à formação da cooperativa de Arte e Costura na comunidade Serviluz, em Fortaleza {CE). A definição desse estágio tomou por base o modelo de evolução da cidadania corporativa, desenvolvido por Mirvis e Googins (2006), com informações coletadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com a gestora do projeto na Petrobras/Lubnor e com a presidente e as integrantes da cooperativa. A pesquisa avaliou o conceito de cidadania e a estratégia ado- tada pela Petrobras/Lubnor, o posicionamento estratégico, as atitudes e a liderança da alta direção em relação ao projeto, além do relacionamento e da transparência com a comunidade. Os resultados indicam que a empresa foi capaz de transformar a realidade social de integrantes da comunidade Serviluz com foco na geração de renda e no resgate da cidadania. A pesquisa mostra que a parceria entre uma empresa socialmente responsável e a co- munidade gera valor compartilhado.
Investigation of Kinetic Air Separation by Carbon Molecular Sieves
Authors: Möller Andreas , Guderian Joachim , Möllmer Jens , Lange Marcus , Hofmann Jörg , Gläser Roger
Published: August 2013

In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat sich die adsorptive Luftzerlegung zu einem der wichtigsten thermischen Trennverfahren zur Herstellung von Stickstoff und Sauerstoff aus Luft etabliert. Dabei werden sowohl der Gleichgewichtseffekt als auch der kinetische Effekt zur Trennung der Teilkomponenten Stickstoff und Sauerstoff ausgenutzt. Während mit Zeolithen über den Gleichgewichtseffekt vorwiegend Stickstoff in dem porösen Adsorbens angereichert und von Sauerstoff abgetrennt wird, kann mithilfe von Kohlenstoffmolekularsieben Sauerstoff rasch aufgenommen werden und so bis zu 99,999 % reiner Stickstoff gewonnen werden. Vor allem bei Kohlenstoffmolekularsieben besteht noch enormer Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsbedarf für die Realisierung dieser kinetischen Trennung. Zudem stehen theoretische Betrachtungen zur Kinetik derartiger Adsorptionsprozesse im Fokus wissenschaftlicher Studien.
Effects of changing physiologic conditions on the in vivo quantification of hemodynamic variables in cerebral aneurysms treated with flow diverting devices
Authors: Mut Fernando , Ruijters Danny , Babic Drazenko , Bleise Carlos , Lylyk Pedro , Cebral Juan R.
Published: August 2013

Quantifying the hemodynamic environment within aneurysms and its change after deployment of flow diverting devices is important to assess the device efficacy and understand their long‐term effects. The purpose of this study was to estimate deviations in the quantification of the relative change of hemodynamic variables during flow diversion treatment of cerebral aneurysms due to changing physiologic flow conditions. Computational fluid dynamics calculations were carried out on three patient‐specific geometries. Three flow diverters were virtually implanted in each geometry and simulations were performed under five pulsatile flow conditions. Hemodynamic variables including aneurysm inflow rate, mean velocity, shear rate, and wall shear stress were quantified before and after stenting. Deviations in the relative change of these variables due to varying flow conditions were calculated. The results indicate that a change in the mean flow of the parent artery of approximately 30–50% can induce large deviations in the relative change of hemodynamic variables in the range of 30–80%. Thus, quantification of hemodynamic changes during flow diversion must be carried out carefully. Variations in the inflow conditions during the procedure may induce large deviations in the quantification of these changes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures and Dynamics of the Mixed Dihydrogen/Hydride Complexes [Ru(PCP)(H)(H2)n] (n = 1, 2) and [Ru(PNP)(H)2(H2)]
Authors: Gunanathan Chidambaram , Capelli Silvia C. , Englert Ulli , Hölscher Markus , Leitner Walter
Published: August 2013

The structures of three ruthenium pincer polyhydride complexes, [Ru(PCP)(H)(H2)n] {PCP = 2,5‐bis(di‐tert‐butylphosphanylmethyl)benzene; n = 2 (1), n = 1 (2)} and [Ru(PNP)(H)2(H2)] {PNP = 2,5‐bis(di‐tert‐butylphosphanyl)lutidine (3)}, were investigated by X‐ray and neutron diffraction for 1 and only X‐ray diffraction for 3, whereas all of the compounds together with the dynamics of the hydrogen centers were investigated by DFT calculations. All three analytical methods together generate a detailed understanding of the structures. DFT calculations, in particular, explain the occurrence of 1 and 2 in THF solution as well as the dynamics of the movement of the hydrogen centers in 3.
An increase in voltage‐gated sodium channel current elicits microglial activation followed inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo after spinal cord injury
Authors: Jung Gil Y. , Lee Jee Y. , Rhim Hyewhon , Oh Tae H. , Yune Tae Y.
Published: August 2013

Inflammation induced by microglial activation plays a pivotal role in progressive degeneration after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Voltage‐gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are also implicated in microglial activation following injury. However, direct evidence that VGSCs are involved in microglial activation after injury has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we show that the increase in VGSC inward current elicited microglial activation followed inflammatory responses, leading to cell death after injury in vitro and in vivo. Isoforms of sodium channel, Nav1.1, Nav1.2, and Nav1.6 were expressed in primary microglia, and the inward current of VGSC was increased by LPS treatment, which was blocked by a sodium channel blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX). TTX inhibited LPS‐induced NF‐κB activation, expression of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and NO production. LPS‐induced p38MAPK activation followed pro‐nerve growth factor (proNGF) production was inhibited by TTX, whereas LPS‐induced JNK activation was not. TTX also inhibited caspase‐3 activation and cell death of primary cortical neurons in neuron/microglia co‐cultures by inhibiting LPS‐induced microglia activation. Furthermore, TTX attenuated caspase‐3 activation and oligodendrocyte cell death at 5 d after SCI by inhibiting microglia activation and p38MAPK activation followed proNGF production, which is known to mediate oligodendrocyte cell death. Our study thus suggests that the increase in inward current of VGSC appears to be an early event required for microglia activation after injury. GLIA 2013;61:1807–1821
Facelift approach for mandibular resection and reconstruction
Authors: Bianchi Bernardo , Ferri Andrea , Ferrari Silvano , Copelli Chiara , Sesenna Enrico
Published: August 2013

Background

Mandibular resection is the mainstay in the treatment of several pathologies involving the jaw. When benign lesions are approached, a limited exposure and less invasive access considering the cosmetic outcome is desirable to reduce morbidity and increase patient's quality of life after surgery. The facelift approach is widely used for rhytidectomy, parotidectomy, and facial animation procedures, whereas its use for mandibular resection and reconstruction is not described yet.

Methods

Six patients underwent mandibular resection and reconstruction with free flaps or bone grafts via the facelift approach were retrospectively evaluated with regard to function and cosmesis.

Results

No impairment of occlusion or facial nerve occurred; mouth opening was normal in 4 patient and partially limited in 2. Cosmesis was assessed as excellent by 3 patients and good in 3.

Conclusion

The facelift approach is a valid option for resecting and reconstructing benign lesions involving the mandibular ramus, angle, and posterior body. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 36: 1497–1502, 2014
Flow and Heat Transfer of Maxwell Fluid Over an Exponentially Stretching Sheet: A Non‐similar Solution
Authors: Abbas Z. , Javed T. , Ali N. , Sajid M.
Published: August 2013

In this investigation, the boundary layer flow and heat transfer analysis in a Maxwell fluid over an exponentially continuous moving sheet are studied. The transformed boundary layer equations are solved numerically for a non‐similar solution using a shooting method with the Runge–Kutta algorithm. The purpose of this article is to look into the influence of the Deborah number on the velocity, temperature, and Nusselt number. The obtained results show that an increase in the Deborah number decreases the fluid velocity and boundary layer thickness. On the other hand, it increases the temperature and thermal boundary layer thickness. It is also found that the numerical results are in excellent agreement with the previous existing results for the case of a Newtonian fluid (λ = 0). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 43(3): 233–242, 2014; Published online 30 August 2013 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21074
Design of the DVB‐RCS2 higher layer satellite architecture
Authors: Fairhurst Gorry , Yun Ana
Published: August 2013

This paper describes the design of the higher layer architecture for the next generation of digital video broadcasting return channel via satellite transmission systems. This is the first open standard that specifies internet protocol (IP)‐level functionality. An open IP‐based architecture has resulted in a competitive standard that can provide consumer and professional users with a range of IP‐based interactive applications. The paper describes key aspects of the architecture and identifies a set of enhancements/adaptations to the IP protocols and techniques to ensure good performance and still efficient use of satellite bandwidth. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth guidance of angular lower limb deformities using a one-third two-hole tubular plate
Authors: Böhm Stephanie , Krieg Andreas H. , Hefti Fritz , Brunner Reinald , Hasler Carol C. , Gaston Mark
Published: August 2013

Purpose

The eight-plate system for angular deformity correction is well known, reliable and effective at any age during growth. Due to high implant costs, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a less expensive alternative.

Methods

Between 2006 and 2011, 41 children with angular deformities were managed using a two-hole one-third tubular plate in cases where an eight plate would normally be indicated. Inclusion criteria in this retrospective study were: genu valgum and genu varum. X-ray documentation was performed before and after surgery and patients were followed clinically every 3 months after surgery. The cost per implant was 361.40 Sfr (Swiss Francs) compared to the eight plate at 737 Sfr.

Results

Mean time for correction was 13 months. A mean LDFA/MPTA after correction of 89.9°/86.8° was recorded, as well as a mean correction angle of 6.8°/6.6°. The complication rate was 6.6 % (one superficial wound infection and one insufficient correction in an older child). These results compare favourably with published data on the eight plate.

Conclusion

The two hole one-third tubular plate seems to be a clinically and also cost effective alternative to the eight plate. Full deformity correction is gained for a fraction of the cost. Level of Evidence: Level III
Estimates on fractional higher derivatives of weak solutions for the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Choi Kyudong , Vasseur Alexis F.
Published: August 2013

We study weak solutions of the 3D Navier–Stokes equations with

L^{2}

initial data. We prove that

\mathrm{∇}^{\alpha }u

is locally integrable in space–time for any real

α

such that

1 < \alpha < 3

. Up to now, only the second derivative

\mathrm{∇}^{2}u

was known to be locally integrable by standard parabolic regularization. We also present sharp estimates of those quantities in weak-

L_{\mathrm{loc}}^{4/ (\alpha + 1)}

. These estimates depend only on the

L^{2}

-norm of the initial data and on the domain of integration. Moreover, they are valid even for

\alpha ⩾3

as long as

u

is smooth. The proof uses a standard approximation of Navier–Stokes from Leray and blow-up techniques. The local study is based on De Giorgi techniques with a new pressure decomposition. To handle the non-locality of fractional Laplacians, Hardy space and Maximal functions are introduced.
The elastic Landau–Levich problem
Authors: Dixit Harish N. , Homsy G. M.
Published: August 2013

We study the classical Landau–Levich dip-coating problem in the case where the interface has significant elasticity. One aim of this work is to unravel the effect of surface-adsorbed hydrophobic particles on Landau–Levich flow. Motivated by recent findings (Vella, Aussillous & Mahadevan, Europhys. Lett., vol. 68, 2004, pp. 212–218) that a jammed monolayer of adsorbed particles on a fluid interface makes it respond akin to an elastic solid, we use the Helfrich elasticity model to study the effect of interfacial elasticity on Landau–Levich flow. We define an elasticity number, $\mathit{El}$, which represents the relative strength of viscous forces to elasticity. The main assumptions of the theory are that $\mathit{El}$ be small, and that surface tension effects are negligible. The shape of the free surface is formulated as a nonlinear boundary value problem: we develop the solution as an asymptotic expansion in the small parameter ${\mathit{El}}^{1/ 7} $ and use the method of matched asymptotic expansions to determine the film thickness as a function of $\mathit{El}$. The solution to the shape of the static meniscus is not as straightforward as in the classical Landau–Levich problem, as evaluation of higher-order effects is necessary in order to close the problem. A remarkable aspect of the problem is the occurrence of multiple solutions, and five of these are found numerically. In any event, the film thickness varies as ${\mathit{El}}^{4/ 7} $ in qualitative agreement with the experiments of Ouriemi & Homsy (Phys. Fluids, 2013, in press).
Prandtl number dependence and instability mechanism of the near-field flow in a planar thermal plume
Authors: Hattori Tae , Norris S. E. , Kirkpatrick M. P. , Armfield S. W.
Published: August 2013

This study considers the convective-type instability of the near-field flow of a planar, pure thermal plume with a finite area source. Previous studies revealed the existence of an off-axis thermal boundary-layer instability, driving a puffing instability in the central ascending column, and qualitatively showed correlations between instabilities in these two flow regions. This paper extends the analysis to examine the effect of Prandtl number on transitional near-field behaviours and reports on the stability characteristics of a near-field, pure thermal plume based on a direct stability analysis. The variations in flow behaviours in response to symmetric and asymmetric disturbances suggest the existence of coupled instability mechanisms in the off-axis thermal boundary layer and the central ascending column.
An Etruscan Cippus in the Ashmolean Museum
Authors: Harrison R. M.
Published: August 2013

In 1933 the Moyses Hall Museum at Bury St. Edmunds was reorganised to deal with local history. Its Committee decided to dispose of much material from abroad, and the cippus here discussed was purchased by the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. There is no record of its previous history.

I. Description of the Cippus

The cippus (Museum number 1933,1946) consists of the upper half of a rectangular limestone block with relief carving upon each of its four sides. The top surface, upon which are the marks of a large flat chisel (about 2·0 cm. wide), is between 28·5 and 29·0 cm. square. The block widens slightly below, and its present lower edge measures from 30·5 to 31·0 cm. in width; its height is about 25·0 cm. At a distance varying from 6·2 to 6·4 cm. from the top of the block is the lower edge of a flat moulding 3·0 to 3·5 cm. wide, projecting about 0·5 cm. Above this is a narrower, shallower moulding, whose width is less than 1·0 cm. The block is hollowed out from beneath to 16·5 cm. from the present lower edge. The walls vary from 3·0 to 5·0 cm. in thickness, and, whereas the inner vertical surfaces are smooth, the inner horizontal surface has the rough marks of a punch. The preservation of the lower half of the block is inferior to that of the upper, and at each corner, just above the lower edge of the cipppus, there is the slanting cut of a saw for a few centimetres into the stone.
Two Cippi near Rieti
Authors: Van Essen C. C.
Published: August 2013

Shortly before reaching Rieti, coming from Rome, on the left (west) side of the Via Salaria, between km. 83.9 and 84, can be seen two round-topped cippi of ordinary tufo bearing nothing but an inscription, identical in both cases and datable by the form of the lettering to c. 50 B.C. (pl. III). The text runs:

C. GAVIVS. C. F. Q.

CARPVS

The left-hand cippus, more or less battered, has lost the initial C; the right-hand one, on which the inscribed zone is covered with white paint (not plaster) has a scar before CARPVS, which might suggest that something has been lost (e.g. [eu] CARPVS); but this is excluded by its companion, which is well preserved at this particular point.

I think that the two cippi were erected in order to delimitate a funerary area, which might be buried behind them; the slope of the mountain is here rather steep and consists of friable stone.

The inscription is, to the best of my knowledge, unpublished. It is not to be found in CIL IX, nor is the person mentioned in P.-W., s.v. Gavius. Ashby's paper in PBSR, iii, p. 7 ff. stops shortly before the bivio di Poggio San Lorenzo (km. 61.9), and it is not recorded either by Persichetti (Röm. Mitt., xxiv, 1909, pp. 215–216) or by Martinori (Via Salaria, 1931, p. 83). It is probable that the pieces, although they do not appear in the indexes of the Fasti Archaeologici, were uncovered during some recent work for enlarging the road.
Q. Cerellius Apollinaris, Praefectus Vigilum in A.D. 212
Authors: Reynolds J. M.
Published: August 2013

The inscription of Q. Cerellius Apollinaris transcribed below is in the garden of the Casale Santa Cornelia, in the territory of ancient Veii. When it was found and where, except that it was on the Santa Cornelia estate, are both uncertain. It may have come from a tomb in the area—in which case Apollinaris presumably owned property there; but much the most likely findspot is the eighth-century church and estate centre of Capracorum, from which a number of ancient stones at the Casale derive. The site of Capracorum, founded by Pope Adrian I in c. 780, has recently been identified on the Santa Cornelia estate and is in the course of excavation by the British School at Rome. A considerable quantity of the building material used there was demonstrably brought from Rome, and there is a real possibility that this piece, too, came from the city rather than from the neighbourhood.
Underground Drainageways in Southern Etruria and Northern Latium
Authors: Judson Sheldon , Kahane Anne
Published: August 2013

The River Tiber at Rome flows between the gentle, converging slopes of two extinct volcanoes, the M. Sabatini to the northwest and the complex known as the Alban Hills to the southeast. On the southern flanks of the M. Sabatini lie the Etruscan cities of Veii and Caere (modern Cerveteri) as well as many smaller Etruscan settlements. To the south on the western and southern slopes of the Alban Hills are such ancient towns of northern Latium as Ardea, Lanuvio and Velletri. In these same areas is an extensive development of underground passageways locally known as cuniculi, structures which are the subject of this report.

The cuniculus was widely used for a variety of purposes during classical and pre-classical antiquity in central Italy. Livy reports on cuniculi driven as military devices to gain access to besieged cities. The traditional account of the lowering of the Alban Lake, as reported by Livy, dates from the early 4th century B.C. Excavations in urban centres have demonstrated that the Etruscans and later the Romans used cuniculi for drainage purposes, and also as lateral collectors of underground water in wells.

This report deals with extensive systems of cuniculi found in the Roman Campagna but not directly related to urban or domestic development.
P. Faianius Plebeius, Forum Novum and Tacitus
Authors: Coarelli Filippo
Published: August 2013

P. FAIANIUS PLEBEIUS, FORUM NOVUM E TACITO

Un'iscrizionedi Forum Novum(CILIX 4786) menziona l'attività evergetica di un P. Faianius Plebeius, personaggio eminente e magistrato del municipio all'inizio dell'impero. Si tratta esclusivamente di opere idrauliche (un acquedotto, fontane), in gran parte realizzate a spese di Faianius, utilizzando l'acqua di sorgenti di sua proprietà. Il percorso dell'acquedotto, in parte conservato, permette di identificare il sito di queste sorgenti e il fundus relativo, di cui fanno parte una villa e un grande sepolcro ad esedra. La rarità del gentilizio e una serie di altri indizi giustificano la possibile identificazione del personaggio con il Faianius menzionato da Tacito (Annales 1.73.1-2), accusato di maiestas nel primo anno del regno di Tiberio.
Poenus plane est— but who were the ‘Punickes’?
Authors: Prag Jonathan R.W.
Published: August 2013

POENUS PLANE EST— MA CHI ERANO I ‘PUNICKES’?

Il termine ‘punico’ (o equivalenti), derivato dal latino ‘Poenus’, è un luogo comune. Il suo uso in ogni caso è frequentemente poco chiaro e contraddittorio. Questo articolo ha due finalità principali: in primo luogo vuole chiarificare Papplicazione del termine ‘punico’, sia nell'uso antico, sia in quello moderno, insieme con termini affini e associati; in secondo luogo intende dimostrare che nell'evidenza sopravvissuta, il termine ‘poenus’ non fu usato prima del I secolo d.C. come etichetta di identità autoattribuita. Una parte cruciale di questa dimostrazione è costituita dall'esame dell'evidenza epigrafica circa l'attribuzione di identità nell'antico Mediterraneo. Si prova che una simile evidenza è in genere sottostimata in rapporto all'uso che si fa delle fonti letterarie per lo studio dell'identità nel mondo classico. L'utilizzo di ‘Poenus’ è quasi interamente letterario; per cui esso è strettamente associato ad una gran quantità di stereotipi (generalmente negativi). Ciò rende il termine problematico nell'uso come un termine descrittivo culturale nella letteratura moderna.
Augustus's Parthian honours, the temple of Mars Ultor and the arch in the Forum Romanum
Authors: Rich J. W.
Published: August 2013

LE ONORIFICENZE PARTICHE DI AUGUSTO, IL TEMPIO DI MARTE ULTORE E L'ARCO NEL FORO ROMANO

Questo articolo esamina le onorificenze conferite ad Augusto in commemorazione dell'accordo con i Parti del 20 a.C. In Dio 54.8.3 è sostenuto che l'impresa fu celebrata con la costruzione di un arco trionfale e di un tempio dedicato a Marte Ultore sul Campidoglio. Quest'ultimo sarebbe stata la sede delle insegne recuperate nell'impresa. Tuttavia, il passaggio sostiene anche che Augusto fu accolto da un'ovazione al suo ritorno a Roma, episodio che si sa non essere vero. In questo articolo viene suggerito che le onorificenze che Dio riporta furono votate dal Senato e o respinte totalmente da Augusto o accettate in una forma modificata. Augusto accettò l'idea di un tempio dove tenere le insegne, ma insistette che questo fosse costruito non sul Campidoglio, ma nel suo progettato nuovo foro. L'idea di un nuovo arco venne invece respinta da Augusto. Tuttavia egli accettò che il triplo arco eretto nel foro romano in onore della vittoria di Azio fosse modificato per commemorare il recupero delle insegne. Ulteriori onorificenze offerte ad Augusto al suo ritorno a Roma nel 19 a.C. includono un carro associato al proposto tempio di Marte Ultore; Augusto accettò che questo fosse eretto nel foro augusteo, e può quindi essere identificato con il carro menzionato nelleRes Gestae35.

Tali questioni fanno nuova luce sulla concezione e sul significato simbolico del foro augusteo e del tempio di Marte Ultore e forniscono una nuova soluzione all'annoso problema dell'arco di Augusto nel foro romano. Questo articolo ha anche un più ampio significato, quale illustrazione del modo in cui i processi onorifici potessero fungere da dialogo tra i sudditi e l'imperatore.