bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Validity of Quantifying Pulmonary Contusion Extent by Lung Ultrasound Score for Predicting ARDS in Blunt Thoracic Trauma
Authors: Sayed Mohamed Soliman , Elmeslmany Kareem Abdelhamid , Elsawy Ahmed Samir , Mohamed Nashwa Abed
Published: May 2022

Background. Thoracic trauma comprises 20–25% of all traumas worldwide and constitutes the third most common cause of death after abdominal injury and head trauma in polytrauma patients. Pulmonary contusion (PC) is a common injury seen after blunt trauma that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the value of PC extent measurements using lung ultrasound in predicting high risk patients for ARDS development. Methods. In one year, 50 polytrauma patients with blunt chest trauma were admitted to the ICU at Damanhur Institute. Lung contusion extent was evaluated using a lung US score (LUS) and was compared to the CT contusion score. The ability of the LUS to predict ARDS was tested. The diagnostic accuracy of LUS was compared with chest radiography for lung contusion and pneumothorax with thoracic CT scan as a reference. Patients were restratified by LUS into two groups: severe and nonsevere contusion group. The two groups' data were compared with respect to difference in mortality and injury characteristics. Results. Lung contusion assessed by LUS score was well correlated to thoracic CT scan measurements (r = 0.78). A LUS of 4 was defined as a cut-off value for predicting ARDS development within 72 hours of trauma with sensitivity and specificity (91.67% and 84.21%), respectively. Patients with severe lung contusions had a lower hypoxic index on admission, more ventilator days, a higher risk of ARDS development, more fractured ribs; higher rate of hemothorax and a higher ISS score than patients with nonsevere lung contusions. Conclusion. LUS on admission can quantify lung contusion extent and the high risk of developing ARDS after blunt thoracic trauma.
Implementing Fusion Technique Using Biorthogonal Dwt to Increase the Number of Minutiae in Fingerprint Images
Authors: Enesi Indrit , Harizaj Miranda , Çiço Betim
Published: May 2022

Biometric devices identify persons based on the minutiae extracted from fingerprint images. Image quality is very important in this process. Usually, fingerprint images have low quality and in many cases they are obtained in various positions. The paper focuses on increasing minutiae detected number by fusing two fingerprint images obtained in various positions. Biorthogonal wavelets have advantages compared to orthogonal wavelets. Fusion is performed in wavelet domain by implementing biorthogonal wavelet. Terminations and bifurcations are extracted from the original and fused images using licensed software Papillon 9.02 and manually extraction by an expert. Biorthogonal Wavelet transform is implemented in the image fusion process, yielding in the increased number of the minutiae compared to the original one. Different biorthogonal wavelets are experimented and various results are obtained. Finding the appropriate wavelet is important in the fusion process since it has a direct impact in the number of minutiae extracted. Based on the number of minutiae and MSE results, the appropriate wavelet to be used in the fusion process is defined.
Connectivity Index of Generalized Uncertain Graph
Authors: Wang Jinchan , Gao Xiulian , Zhou Xiaoshuang , Guo Changyou , Yin Xiuling
Published: May 2022

In the application of classical graph theory, there always are various indeterministic factors. This study studies the indeterministic factors in the connected graph by employing the uncertainty theory. First, this study puts forward two concepts: generalized uncertain graph and its connectivity index. Second, it presents a new algorithm to compute the connectivity index of an uncertain graph and generalized uncertain graph and verify this algorithm with typical examples. In addition, it proposes the definition and algorithm of

α

-connectivity index of generalized uncertain graph and verifies the stability and efficiency of this new algorithm by employing numerical experiments.
Bioinformatics Study Identified EGF as a Crucial Gene in Papillary Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Qu GenYi , Wang Hao , Tang Cheng , Yang Guang , Xu Yong
Published: May 2022

Background. Due to a lack of knowledge of the disease process, papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) has a dismal outlook. This research was aimed at uncovering the possible biomarkers and the underlying principles in PRCC using a bioinformatics method. Methods. We searched the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets to obtain the GSE11151 and GSE15641 gene expression profiles of PRCC. We used the R package limma to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The online tool DAVID and ClusterProfiler package in R software were used to analyze Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway dominance, respectively. The STRING database was utilized to construct the PPI network of DEGs. Using the Cytoscape technology, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network that associated with DEGs was created, and the hub genes were identified using the Cytoscape plug-in CytoHubba. The hub genes were subjected to a Kaplan-Meier analysis to identify their correlations with survival rates. Results. From the selected datasets, a total of 240 common DEGs were identified in the PRCC, including 50 upregulated genes and 190 downregulated regulated genes. Renal growth, external exosome, binding of heparin, and metabolic processes were all substantially associated with DEGs. The CytoHubba plug-in-based analysis identified the 10 hub genes (ALB, KNG1, C3, CXCL12, EGF, TIMP1, VCAN, PLG, LAMC1, and CASR) from the original PPI network. The higher expression group of EGF was associated with poor outcome in patients with PRCC. Conclusions. We revealed important genes and proposed biological pathways that may be implicated in the formation of PRCC. EGF might be a predictive biomarker for PRCC and therefore should be investigated as a novel treatment strategy.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network‐Based Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applied in Glioma Diagnosis and Tumor Region Identification
Authors: Chen Zhen , Li Ning , Liu Changtao , Yan Shiwei
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to explore the application value of dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in glioma diagnosis and tumor segmentation. 66 patients with gliomas who were diagnosed and treated in the hospital were selected as the research objects. The patients were rolled into the high‐grade glioma group (HGG, 46 cases) and the low‐grade glioma group (LGG, 20 cases) according to the World Health Organization glioma grading standard. All patients received a conventional plain scan and a DCE‐MRI. Parameters such as volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), extracellular volume (Ve), and mean plasma volume (Vp) were calculated, and the parameters of patients of each grade were analyzed. The efficacy of each parameter in diagnosing glioma was analyzed through a receiver operating characteristic curve. All images were segmented by the CNN algorithm. The CNN algorithm showed good performance in DCE‐MRI image segmentation. The mean, standard deviation, kurtosis, and skewness of Ktrans and Ve, the standard deviation and skewness of Kep, and the mean and standard deviation of Vp were statistically considerable in differentiating HGG and LGG (P < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the standard deviation of Ktrans (0.885) had the highest diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing HGG and LGG. The values of Ktrans, Ve, and Vp were positively correlated with Ki‐67 (r = 0.346, P = 0.014; r = 0.335, P = 0.017; r = 0.323, P = 0.022). In summary, the CNN‐based DCE‐MRI technology had high application value in glioma diagnosis and tumor segmentation.
A Study of Piano-Assisted Automated Accompaniment System Based on Heuristic Dynamic Planning
Authors: Lin Mengqian , Zhao Rui
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a piano-assisted automated accompaniment system is designed and applied to a practical process using a heuristic dynamic planning approach. In this paper, we aim at the generation of piano vocal weaves in accompaniment from the perspective of assisting pop song writing, build an accompaniment piano generation tool through a set of systematic algorithm design and programming, and realize the generation of recognizable and numerous weaving styles within a controlled range under the same system. The mainstream music detection neural network approaches usually convert the problem into a similar way as image classification or sequence labelling and then use models such as convolutional neural networks or recurrent neural networks to solve the problem; however, the existing neural network approaches ignore the music relative loudness estimation subtask and ignore the inherent temporality of music data when solving the music detection task. However, the existing music generation neural network methods have not yet solved the problems of discrete integrability brought by piano roll representation music data and the still-limited control domain and variety of instruments generated in the controllable music generation task. To solve these two problems, this paper proposes a controlled music generation neural network model for multi-instrument polyphonic music. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by conducting several sets of experiments on the collected MIDICN data set, and the experimental results show that the model achieves better performance in the aspects of negative log-likelihood value, perplexity, musicality measure, domain similarity analysis, and manual evaluation.
Adaptive Modulation SCMA Codebook Design Based on Constellation Rotation
Authors: Fu Meiming , Shang Yumiao , Liu Qingyang , Xu Shuming , Xie Gang
Published: May 2022

Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) is one of the competitive nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques for the fifth-generation (5G) communication system. The SCMA codebook design is particularly important for SCMA systems. However, according to the results of our investigation of as many literature as possible, there is no research on adaptive modulation SCMA at present. Also, there is no systematic study concerning adaptive modulation SCMA codebook optimization. In this paper, an adaptive modulation SCMA transmission mechanism in different fading channels is proposed. Then, we optimize the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design based on constellation rotation (AMSCR) for each adaptive mode including different modulation methods. The codebook optimization criterion is to maximize the minimum Euclidean distance between joint codewords. Since the space of the set of joint codewords is too large, the calculation of the minimum Euclidean distance has become an NP-hard problem. We use a genetic algorithm to solve this problem. As compared with the traditional SCMA codebook, the proposed AMSCR has better bit error rate performance in Gaussian channel and Rayleigh channel. The adaptive modulation strategy can maximize the throughput and has the best throughput performance compared with the traditional SCMA system and adaptive modulation SCMA system using traditional codebook.
Effect of Endophytic Trichoderma sp. Strains on the Agronomic Characteristics of Ecotypes of Theobroma cacao L. under Nursery Conditions in Peru
Authors: Chavez-Jalk Antony , Leiva Santos , Bobadilla Leidy G. , Vigo Carmen N. , Arce Marielita , Oliva-Cruz Manuel
Published: May 2022

Peru is one of the main producers of fine aroma native cacao, expanding its areas considerably in recent years, which makes it necessary to seek adequate management alternatives to obtain advantageous yields. The present work had the objective of testing the influence of Trichoderma sp. endophytic strains on the agronomic characteristics of ecotypes of Theobroma cacao L. under nursery conditions, Cajaruro district, Utcubamba, Amazonas, Peru. The Trichoderma strains evaluated were Trichoderma breve; T. harzianum; T. longibrachatum; T. afrojarzianum, and Trichoderma sp. which were inoculated on cocoa seedlings of ecotypes CCN51; TCHS565; and Nativo fino de aroma. The variables evaluated were chlorophyll indices (at 30, 45, 60, and 70 days after planting), percentage of endophyte colonization, root hair development, trichomes on stems, and agronomic characteristics (plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, root dry and fresh weight, root size, etc.). The results showed that the application of Trichoderma breve in the fine aroma native cocoa ecotype (T12) presented the highest chlorophyll index at 75 days after planting (DAP) with 43.53 ± 1.59 and 49.77 ± 2.42 for the apex and leaf base, respectively, with a percentage of colonization in the root hairs of 66.67%, and with better characteristics for the number of leaves with 12.00 ± 3.46. T12 showed positive influences for plant height, leaf number, and chlorophyll index. Treatments based on T. harzianum + CCN51 (T5) and T. afroharzianum + TSHS565 (T6) showed 100% colonization of the root hairs and trichomes on stems. Endophytic Trichoderma fungi are an alternative for organic production of fine aroma cocoa in Peru, improving the agronomic characteristics of the crop.
Analysis of Public Mental Health Status and Exploration of Social Anxiety in the Context of Epidemic
Authors: Lu Yuanxin
Published: May 2022

To explore the mental health and social anxiety of the public in the context of the epidemic, this article combines intelligent analysis methods to explore social anxiety. In this article, the digital voltage signal output by the processor chip interface is converted into an analog voltage signal. Moreover, this article changes the changing law of duty cycle with the program designed to achieve the purpose of outputting a variety of mental health waveforms that is composed of the sine wave, triangular wave, and square wave. In addition, this article constructs an intelligent hardware system. The research shows that the system proposed in this article can play an important role in the analysis of mental health and social anxiety in the context of the epidemic and has a certain supporting role in the psychological counseling of the social masses in the context of the epidemic.
Research on UI Design and Optimization of Digital Media Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Xia Meng , Zhou Yucui
Published: May 2022

At present, artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly and has been gradually applied to various fields of society. With the popularization and development of computers, under the influence of artificial intelligence technology, digital media art and artificial intelligence technology merge with each other, which makes modern culture bloom with greater charm. Based on the era of artificial intelligence, this paper discusses the development core of the integration of artificial intelligence technology and digital media art, analyzes the current development status of digital media art and technology, and finally puts forward the innovative development direction and future trend. At present, China’s artificial intelligence technology has gradually entered a prosperous stage in the continuous development and has become one of the high and new technologies in the new era, bringing many changes to people’s work and life. With the development of society, modern people are pursuing the two-way needs of material and spirit, and art, as a special field, has attracted much attention. By involving artificial intelligence in the art field, it has become a new challenge to be faced at present, which will promote art and technology to present different forms of expression. Of course, the artistic content of digital media art will be richer, and the attention will be higher. Under the background of artificial intelligence era, the integration of artificial intelligence and digital media is the core industry at present, which promotes the development of China’s economy in a better direction.
Application of Chinese Traditional Elements in Furniture Design Based on Wireless Communication and Artificial Intelligence Decision
Authors: Wu Shilin
Published: May 2022

The traditional elements in Chinese classical furniture are constantly changing with the development of history and culture. It is not only quite artistic, but also has unique aesthetic value. Since the reform and opening up, Western culture has flocked into our country with the opening of the country, which has led to the blind pursuit of the aesthetic psychology of Europe and the United States, which is also more obvious in the furniture design. This kind of foreign-oriented mentality has caused my country’s furniture design to stagnate or even regress in the display process of traditional cultural elements. The traditional elements contained in the furniture of people’s homes turned out to be less, and some were even completely decorated in European and American styles. This tendency shows that the recognition of traditional elements in furniture design in our country is constantly decreasing, and we must pay more attention to it. In contemporary society, wireless communication and artificial intelligence decision-making have become an important reference for people to solve complex problems and have exerted more and more influence in all fields of social life. In the contemporary era when the global economy and culture are increasingly integrated, the daily life of people in various countries is inevitably affected. Furniture is a relatively important daily necessity in residents’ homes. It has the closest contact with people’s lives. It enhances the expression of traditional elements in furniture in China and wins the recognition of many people. It has a value that cannot be ignored for our work to promote traditional culture. In contemporary furniture style design, how to better integrate traditional cultural elements, so as to achieve the dual purpose of protecting cultural heritage and improving artistic quality and enriching the expression of traditional culture in contemporary furniture, has become a topic of concern to many people. The purpose of this research is to explore how to better integrate traditional elements into contemporary furniture under the background of contemporary technologies such as wireless communication and artificial intelligence decision-making. The study obtained the public’s attitude towards the integration of traditional elements into furniture through questionnaires and judged how to innovate traditional elements through wireless communication and artificial intelligence decision-making, which would be more in line with the aesthetic concept of contemporary people.
Multimodal Imaging Observation in Different Progressive Types of Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy
Authors: Zhang Shengjuan , Wang Lifei , Wang Yanhui , Shang Yanxia , Wang Xin , Ma Lizhen , Yang Zanzhang , Xing Chen , Peng Xiaoyan
Published: May 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is to observe the difference in progression between type 1 and type 2 Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) using multimodal imaging. Methods. A retrospective clinical study was performed with six BCD patients who underwent multimodal imaging twice in Hebei Provincial Eye Hospital from October 2015 to December 2020. Multimodal imaging includes color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (AF), infrared autofluorescence (IRAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The fundus lesion progression difference was observed in 3 patients with type 1 BCD and 3 patients with type 2 BCD. Results. In type 1 BCD, the range of hypoautofluorescence (hypo-AF), hypoinfrared autofluorescence (hypo-IRAF), and hypofluorescence in the posterior pole was enlarged, and FFA showed that the lesions in the posterior pole and periphery extended to the middle periphery. SD-OCT revealed retinal and choroidal thinning, progressive loss of the outer nuclear layer and ellipsoid zone, and reduction of the choroid macrovascular diameter. In type 2 BCD, the range of hypo-AF was enlarged, but there was no significant change in the macula area. The uniform hypo-IRAF in the posterior pole showed no significant change. FFA showed no significant change with the progression of the disease in the macula area and the hypofluorescence around it expanded. SD-OCT revealed no obvious change in the macula area. Conclusions. The retinal choroid atrophy in the macula area of type 1 BCD continued to worsen, and the choroid great vessels became narrower. The macular lesions of type 2 BCD can remain unchanged for a long time.
Bean Syndrome in a Child Treated with Sirolimus: About a Case
Authors: Ghanam Ayad , Elouali Aziza , Nour Merouane , Rkain Maria , Benajiba Noufissa , Babakhouya Abdeladim
Published: May 2022

Bean syndrome (BS) or blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is a rare clinical entity characterized by venous malformations mainly in the skin and digestive tract, whose hemorrhagic complications can be life threatening. We report a case of Bean syndrome in a 3-year-old child of nonconsanguineous parents, in whom the diagnosis of miliary hemangiomatosis was initially made in view of a huge mass on the left thigh, taking the knee, and then the progressive appearance of a skin disorder with bluish swellings of variable sizes spread over the whole body. The patient was put on beta-blockers but without improvement. The evolution was marked by an increase in the volume of the thigh mass. Ultrasound exploration coupled with Doppler imaging revealed the presence of angiomas in the thigh, requiring emergency surgery following a large hemorrhage. The patient underwent sclerotherapy. At the age of 18 months, the child returned with severe anemia and melena. The abdominal CT scan showed gallbladder intussusception secondary to an angioma requiring intestinal resection for hemostasis. At the age of three years, the angiomas worsened with an increase in volume, particularly on the face. The association of the cutaneous and digestive involvement of these venous malformations made us rectify the diagnosis. The patient was put on sirolimus (rapamycin), 2 mg/m2, with good evolution with a delay of 18 months; the patient presents no more episodes of bleeding with regression of the size of cutaneous angiomas. This observation underlines that BS is difficult to diagnose because of its low frequency, that sirolimus was effective and well tolerated in our patient, and that it can be suggested as a good and safe therapeutic option.
The Youngest Case of Metachronous Bilateral Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Alhayaza Raid , Dababo M. Anas , Velagapudi Suresh
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a low-grade malignant salivary neoplasm that represents 17% of all salivary gland malignancies. It has a tendency to affect young individuals, especially females. ACC mainly originates in the parotid gland and has a potential for recurrence and metastases. Rarely, ACC can affect both parotid glands in a single individual. A bilateral ACC of the parotid gland could either present as a synchronous or a metachronous tumor. Case Report. Our patient is a 19-year-old female known case of ACC of the right parotid gland. The tumor was resected in December 2017. After 3 years, she presented with a left parotid pain and swelling, which raised the suspicion of a contralateral metachronous tumor of the left parotid gland. In September 30, 2020 we proceeded with ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of the left intraparotid lesion, and the results turned out to be consistent with ACC. Here, we report a case of a 19-year-old female presenting with metachronous bilateral ACC of the parotid gland with an interval of 3 years, which is the 6th of its kind in the literature and the youngest amongst them. Conclusion. Despite the rareness of metachronous occurrence of bilateral ACC of the parotid gland, it is still encountered in the medical practice. Here, we are highlighting the importance of follow-up with a periodic clinical and radiological examinations, bearing in mind the contralateral nonaffected parotid gland.
A Novel Signature Based on m6A RNA Methylation Regulators Reveals Distinct Prognostic Subgroups and Associates with Tumor Immunity of Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Chen Xianlong , Mo Shengwei , Zong Liju , Yu Shuangni , Lu Zhaohui , Chen Jie
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and could be indicators of prognosis and therapeutic targets in various cancers. However, the expression status and prognostic value of m6A regulators have not been studied in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs). We aimed to investigate the expression patterns and prognostic value of m6A regulators and assess their correlations with immune checkpoints and infiltrates in PanNENs. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed for 15 m6A regulators and immune markers using tissue microarrays obtained from 183 patients with PanNENs. The correlation between m6A protein expression and clinicopathological parameters with recurrence-free survival (RFS) was examined using a random survival forest, Cox regression model, and survival tree analysis. Results: Among the 15 m6A proteins, high expression of YTHDF2 (p < 0.001) and HNRNPC (p = 0.006) was found to be significantly associated with recurrence and served as independent risk factors in multivariate analysis. High YTHDF2 expression was associated with higher number of CD3+ T cells (p = 0.003), whereas high HNRNPC expression was significantly correlated with the expression of PD-L1 (p = 0.039). A YTHDF2-based signature was determined, including five patterns from survival tree analysis: patients with the LNnegYTHDF2high signature had a 5-year RFS rate of 92.1%, whereas patients with LNposTumorSize＜2.5 cm signature had the worst 5-year RFS rate of 0% (p < 0.001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.870 (95% confidence interval: 0.762–0.915) for the YTHDF2-based signature. The C-index was 0.978, suggesting good discrimination ability; moreover, the risk score of recurrence served as an independent prognostic factor indicating shorter RFS. Conclusions: YTHDF2 appears to serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. A YTHDF2-based signature can identify distinct subgroups, which may be helpful to strategize personalized postoperative monitoring.
Mecanismo de ação da insulina
Authors: Raw Isaias
Published: May 2022

Palestra inaugural dos Seminários de Bioquímica de 1948, pronunciada em 19 de março de 1949. Neste número especial com artigos publicados na Revista de Medicina em 1948, traz um comentário do Prof. Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva (Departamento de Patologia da FMUSP).
Trajetória dos 90 anos de publicação da Revista de Medicina
Authors: Cardoso Suely Campos , Sanchez Fabiola Rizzo , Crestana Maria Fazanelli
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, quantitativamente, o processo de evoluçãoda Revista de Medicina. A análise da Revista foi realizada observando: conteúdo, resumos,descritores ou palavras-chaves (incluídos ou não), ISSN, legendas, editorial, análise de temas/assuntos específicos ou gerais e quantidade de autores e artigos. Nesses 90 anos de existência, está inserida no rol de periódicos científicos que contribuem para divulgar e disseminar a informação referente à bibliografia médica produzida no Brasil. Por sua valiosa informação, ocupa um lugar de destaque na história da bibliografia médica nacional, pois os grandes nomes da medicina que estudaram na Casa de Arnaldo passaram pela Revista,ou fazendo parte do corpo editorial, ou contribuindo com seus artigos. A missão atual da Revista é disseminar o conhecimento científico produzido pelos acadêmicos e docentesde Faculdades de Medicina e áreas afins de todo o Brasil, que queiram publicar os resultados de suas pesquisas e trabalhos de iniciação científica.
Masdevallia purocafeana, a new species of Orchidaceae from Cordillera del Toisán, northwestern Ecuador
Authors: MONTEROS MARCO F. , MOGROVEJO ADRIANA L. , ITURRALDE GABRIEL A. , BAQUERO LUIS E.
Published: May 2022

A new species of Masdevallia genus is described here. Masdevallia purocafeana is immediately recognized by having conspicuously broad, echinate, and strongly reflexed lateral sepals. It is compared to Masdevallia alexandri but differs by having an oblong, shallowly concave, yellow-green dorsal sepal variegated with purple towards the apex, oblong petals light pink suffused with yellow and spotted with purple, and ovoid-ovate, reflexed light pink lip, dotted with pale light red.
Revision of the genus Pelecocera Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from France: taxonomy, ecology and distribution
Authors: LAIR XAVIER , ROPARS LISE , SKEVINGTON JEFFREY H. , KELSO SCOTT , GESLIN BENOÎT , MINSSIEUX ELISE , NÈVE GABRIEL
Published: May 2022

The occurrence and distribution of the various species of the genus Pelecocera Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Syrphidae) occurring in France are revised and a new species, Pelecocera garrigae Lair & Nève, 2022 sp. nov., is described from Mediterranean France. Distribution and ecological data of the six French species of Pelecocera are provided and an identification key is given to all these species. Sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) from all European Pelecocera species support the morphological species concept, except for Pelecocera scaevoides (Fallén, 1817). The binomen Pelecocera lugubris Perris, 1839 is recovered to name the Pelecocera lusitanica (Mik, 1898) of authors in France.
Aduncothrips newly recorded from China, with three new species and a new generic synonym (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae)
Authors: LI YAJIN , ELIE NTIRENGANYA , LIU HUI , ZHANG HONGRUI
Published: May 2022

The previously monotypic genus Aduncothrips Ananthakrishnan from India is newly recorded from China with three new species: A. albus sp. n., A. huapingensis sp. n., A. kailiensis sp. n. The genus Desmidothrips Mound from Australia is synonymized with Aduncothrips, and the Japanese species A. japonicus (Masumoto & Okajima) is newly recorded in China with first description of the male. A key to the seven known species of Aduncothrips is provided. Males in this genus, where known, have maxillary palps 3-segmented with segment II undivided, and tergite IX without claspers.
On the taxonomy of genus Teliphasa Moore, 1888 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Epipaschiinae) with the description of two new species and two new species records from India
Authors: RANJAN RAHUL , SINGH NAVNEET , KIRTI JAGBIR SINGH
Published: May 2022

Two new species, Teliphasa dodaki Ranjan, Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. and Teliphasa spinaejuxta Ranjan, Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. are described from India. Additionally, two Chinese species, Teliphasa erythrina Li in Liu, Wang & Li, 2016 and Teliphasa hamata Li in Liu, Wang & Li, 2016 are reported for the first time from India, raising the number of Indian Teliphasa species to eight. Photographs of adults and male genitalia along with a global checklist of Teliphasa species are provided.
Taxonomic notes about the genus Nephelotus Pascoe, 1866 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: VITALI FRANCESCO , CHEMIN GERARD
Published: May 2022

Paranhammus Breuning, 1944 and Mimonephelotes Breuning, 1970 (both monotypic genera) are considered junior synonyms of Nephelotus Pascoe, 1866. Mimanhammus Breuning, 1971 is considered an unnecessary replacement name for Mimonephelotes, despite the similarity to Mimonephelotus Breuning, 1940. Resultant combinations are Nephelotus enganensis (Breuning, 1970) and Nephelotus marcipor (Newman, 1842). Anhammus luzonicus Breuning, 1982 is considered a junior synonym of N. enganensis.
Two new genera and species of Synanthedonini from the Nimba Mountains, Liberia, West Africa (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)
Authors: SÁFIÁN SZABOLCS , BARTSCH DANIEL
Published: May 2022

In this study, two remarkable species and genera of African Synanthedonini are described from the Nimba Mountains, Liberia: Nimbamina blei gen. & sp. nov., maybe related to Tipulamima Holland, 1893, and Chlorosphecia bele gen. & sp. nov., related to the genera Lepidopoda Hampson, 1900, Macrotarsipodes Le Cerf, 1916 and Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893]. These species represent the third report of Sesiidae from Liberia. Exceptionally remarkable is Nimbamina blei gen. & sp. nov., that has extremely long and slender body and legs and is currently the only known member of the family whose antennae are covered with extremely long scales on the dorsal surface.
Measuring Sexual Identity, Gender Identity, and Biological Sex in Large Social Surveys: Implications for Victimization Research
Authors: Snyder Jamie A. , Tabler Jennifer , Gonzales Carlos M.
Published: May 2022

Decades of research suggest certain risk factors, including individual characteristics, increase an individual’s likelihood of being victimized. Measuring these risk factors then becomes crucial for movement forward in victimology. Recent research suggests the increasing need to measure the concepts of sex assigned at birth, gender identity, and sexual identity, all of whom have been linked to risk of victimization. However, it remains to be seen how these concepts are currently being measured, how their measurement has evolved, and if these concepts are being measured regularly, especially in large-scale national data efforts. This study seeks to examine the changes, or lack thereof, in measurement of the concepts of sex, gender identity, and sexual identity in seven major social surveys used in victimology research. Changes to wording, responses, and the number of questions regarding each of these concepts is discussed along with suggestions for improving measurement and implications for victimization research.
Does Geographical Origin of Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) Matter in Drug Safety Assessment?: A Literature Review and Proposed Conclusion
Authors: Weinbauer Gerhard , Mecklenburg Lars
Published: May 2022

Long-tailed macaques are the predominant nonhuman primate species for the nonclinical safety testing of biopharmaceuticals. This species comprises 9 subspecies with Macaca fascicularis fascicularis naturally occurring in Southeast Asia. Since the 17th century, M. f. fascicularis also occurs on Mauritius. Cynomolgus macaques do not naturally occur in China, but are bred in many farms across the country. The current shortage in animal supply raises the question whether geographical animal origin matters and if animals from different geographical regions can be combined on a drug development program or even a single experiment. This article reviews geographical animal origin in relation to selected endpoints that are relevant in nonclinical drug safety testing. Animals from different countries within Asia mainland do not appear to show any meaningful difference. Very little data are available for animals from Asia island. Mauritian animals show consistent differences from Asian animals in several clinical and anatomical pathology parameters. For developmental parameters, animals from Mauritius and Asia are comparable with the exception that Mauritian animals mature faster. In the authors’ view, differences between the geographical clusters can be accounted for as long as baseline and reference data are available.
Infection Control With Topical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Mucosal Head and Neck Surgery: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Lee Jake J. , Chibueze Stanley , Walia Amit , Yaeger Lauren H. , Zenga Joseph , Puram Sidharth V. , Jackson Ryan S. , Pipkorn Patrik
Published: May 2022

Objective

To assess for differences in surgical site infection (SSI) rates and bacterial load after major mucosal head and neck surgery between patients who received topical antimicrobial prophylaxis and those who did not.

Data Sources

Ovid Medline, Embase, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to May 20, 2021, with cross‐referencing of retrieved studies per PRISMA guidelines.

Review Methods

Inclusion criteria captured clinical trials, cohort studies, and case‐control studies with infectious outcomes of adults who underwent major mucosal head and neck surgery and received perioperative topical antimicrobial therapy to the oral cavity and/or pharynx. Studies of dental procedures were excluded. The primary outcome was SSI rate, and the secondary outcome was bacterial load. Two blinded investigators screened each text.

Results

Of 265 unique citations, 9 studies of 470 total patients were included. Topical treatments included numerous antibiotics and antiseptics directly applied over mucosa. Pooled SSI rates of 252 patients in the intervention cohort and 218 in the control cohort were 8% (95% CI, 3%‐14%; I
2 = 61.2%) and 29% (95% CI, 16%‐43%; I
2 = 79.5%), respectively. A meta‐analysis of 7 comparative studies totaling 192 patients receiving topical therapy and 218 control patients revealed a pooled relative risk of 0.44 (95% CI, 0.28‐0.68; I
2 = 0.0%) in favor of the treatment group. The studies demonstrated a short‐term decrease in bacterial counts after topical antimicrobial prophylaxis.

Conclusion

Patients who underwent prophylactic topical antimicrobial therapy had less than half the risk of developing SSI after mucosal head and neck surgery when compared with those who received no topical prophylaxis.
Lam Qua and Peter Parker: Portraiture of Head and Neck Surgery in 19th‐Century China
Authors: Tam Kenric , Kwan Jamie A.
Published: May 2022

In 1835, Peter Parker, an American surgeon and Presbyterian minister, established a hospital in Guangzhou and became the first Western head and neck surgeon in China. While Parker documented his most interesting cases in his journals, he also commissioned oil paintings of these patients from Lam Qua (), a prominent Chinese artist trained in British academic painting. Lam Qua produced 86 portraits of Dr Parker's patients, providing insight into not only the treatment of head and neck tumors but also the introduction of Western artistic techniques to 19th‐century China. Parker's pioneering surgical accomplishments and Lam Qua's portraits document the role of art and medicine in America's cultural influence in Asia.
Body of Evidence: Time and Desire in Embodied Archives
Authors: Lookabaugh Lara
Published: May 2022

In this article, I bring a feminist geographic analysis of embodied life and desire into a study of archives. Drawing on my experience as a library and archives professional and feminist geographer navigating the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, I use two examples from UNC’s Wilson Library. I argue that archives are lived, messy spaces where history unfolds not linearly, but in proximity to bodies—bodies who physically handle materials before and after they may become “archival,” who make connections between actors or events throughout time and space, and whose lived experience and desires shape how they interact with archives. Archives do not merely exist as “the archive,” but are constantly being made through the interactions and desires of people across time and space. From this premise, we who utilize archives can be attentive to the labor of archival work that is often erased in scholarship and consider how embodied life shapes a non-linear temporality in archives.
Life-threatening altered mental status secondary to memantine in an adolescent undergoing cranial radiotherapy for medulloblastoma
Authors: Kim Kristine N , Shah Yash B , Croy Colleen , Lustig Robert A , LaRiviere Michael , Kotch Chelsea
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Memantine is used for neurocognitive protection in patients undergoing cranial radiotherapy for central nervous system tumors and is reported to be well-tolerated.

Case report

Presented is a case of memantine-induced altered mental status requiring an intensive care unit admission. An 18-year-old male with relapsed, progressive medulloblastoma presented with severe altered mental status shortly after the first fraction of palliative whole brain radiotherapy. At the time, the patient was on day five of memantine therapy, which had been prescribed to reduce neurocognitive toxicity risk.

Management & outcome

Memantine was withheld while dexamethasone, valproate, and morphine were continued for headache. Approximately 50 h after admission, the patient's confusion significantly improved. Evaluation of acute altered mental status was unrevealing, including but not limited to negative urinary toxicology screen and lack of disease progression on imaging. Whole brain radiotherapy was resumed after a two-day cessation and he was discharged home after four days with complete resolution of symptoms.

Discussion

Clinicians should be aware of and consider the risk of altered mental status with memantine, given the increased utilization and upcoming clinical trials in pediatric patients.
Injuries associated with hypotension after trauma: Is it always haemorrhage?
Authors: Eichinger Michael , Schreiber Martin A , Cole Elaine , Aylwin Christopher
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Restricted fluid replacement strategy is one part of damage control resuscitation for patients with trauma haemorrhage. However, not all patients presenting with physiological symptoms suggestive of haemorrhage are bleeding. This descriptive study aims to compare demographics and injuries in adult and older trauma patients presenting to the Emergency Department with hypotension versus normotension.

Methods

This was a retrospective, descriptive data analysis from a UK trauma registry. The records from one major trauma centre were analysed between 2014–2019, and every hypotensive (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg) trauma patient investigated for injuries associated with hypotension. The hypotensive threshold for older patients was also adjusted to 110 mmHg for sub-cohort analysis.

Results

6245 trauma patients were included, of which 255 (4.1%) arrived hypotensive at the Emergency Department. Significant blood loss was identified in 32.2% of those cases. In 27.1%, multiple potential associations obscured the underlying mechanism for the hypotension but were more commonly associated with hypotension than with normotension. Over a third (37.5%) were ≥65 years old. Neurological injuries occurred more frequently in both older hypotensive groups than younger patients.

Conclusions

This study sought to compare injuries of adult and older trauma patients to aid trauma teams with decision making. In severely injured hypotensive patients, significant blood loss was the principal association with hypotension. However, several factors can mimic bleeding in the hypotensive trauma patient, which should be carefully considered. A prospective study is needed to clarify the characteristics and causes of bleeding mimics.
The Weberian Politics-Administration Dichotomy in Time of Global Crisis: Neutral Competence or Cadre Organizations
Authors: Guo-Brennan Michael
Published: May 2022

The 2020 Coronavirus pandemic placed enormous pressures on local, regional, and national governments to remain responsive, open, and equitable when developing solutions to protect the public. The focus of this article is an examination of these challenges, the insufficient preparedness, and the resulting response to the pandemic through the lens of the Weberian politics-administration dichotomy. Despite the fact that China does not practice a Weberian democratic form of government, the nation has managed to become a global economic powerhouse. Through a high degree of centralized planning, China has implemented market-based economic reforms synchronous with sustained socialist practices. However, this system also presents unique challenges for effective governance. Some of these challenges are the result of the governmental system in China, the relationship between the central government and local cadre organizations. For China to continue to grow as a global leader, leadership will need to balance the pros and cons of the dichotomy between the centralized political planning and the local administration by promoting more flexibility in governance structure and the central-local relationship.
Glitch epistemology and the question of (artificial) intelligence: Perceptions, encounters, subjectivities
Authors: Lynch Casey R.
Published: May 2022

Reflecting on Leszczynski and Elwood's theorization of glitch epistemology, this commentary argues for epistemological approaches to the question of (artificial) intelligence in geography focused around perceptions, encounters, and subjectivities. Such an approach denies technologies marketed as AI or otherwise as ‘smart’ the ontological status ascribed to them, instead investigating how particular technologies may be perceived as intelligent within the context of contingent and situated encounters with always differentiated and differentiating subjects. Glitch and related epistemological approaches reorient attention to the uneven production of desire and expectations for particular kinds of technologies and create opportunities to radically reimagine our relationships to them.
Prenatal diagnosis of diphallia in association with bladder exstrophy: a case report
Authors: Vafaei Homeira , Roozmeh Shohreh , Bahador Ali , Khafri Maryam Zare , Ghiasi Mozhde
Published: May 2022

Background

Penile duplication or diphallia is a rare congenital anomaly with unclear pathophysiological cause. Most cases of diphallia are reported postnatally; however, today with the use of a high-resolution ultrasound device, in-uterine diagnosis of many congenital anomalies is possible.

Case presentation

Herein we report a multiparous mother at 25 weeks of gestation who referred due to an abnormal cystic structure protruding from a large abdominal wall defect located below the umbilicus that was noted during a routine exam. Target scan revealed two penile-like protrusions with an empty scrotal sac and double bladder in an otherwise normal fetus, which was confirmed postnatally. Neonatal microarray study and karyotype were normal.

Conclusion

Diphallia could be detected prenatally as an isolated anomaly, associated with caudal duplication syndrome, or as an exstrophy-epispadias complex. As this is a rare congenital anomaly, all sonographers should be familiar with prenatal ultrasound features and associated anomalies, an important issue in prenatal counseling with parents, delivery planning, psychological support of the family, and postnatal management.