bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric and stratospheric NO retrieved from ground-based Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) measurements
Authors: Zhou Minqiang , Langerock Bavo , Vigouroux Corinne , Dils Bart , Hermans Christian , Kumps Nicolas , Nan Weidong , Metzger Jean-Marc , Mahieu Emmanuel , Wang Ting , Wang Pucai , De Mazière Martine
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key active trace gas in the atmosphere, which contributes to form harmful ozone in the troposphere and to the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere. In this study, we present the NO retrieval from ground-based Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) solar absorption spectrometry measurements at a polluted site (Xianghe, China) and a background site (Maïdo, Reunion Island). The degree of freedom (DOF) of the NO retrieval is 2.3±0.4 (1σ) at Xianghe and 1.3±0.1 at Maïdo. By looking at the FTIR NO retrievals at Xianghe and Maïdo, we find that the stratospheric NO partial column is large in summer as compared to winter at both sites, and the seasonal variation in the FTIR stratospheric NO partial columns is consistent with that observed by the co-located Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) satellite measurements. A large diurnal variation in the stratospheric NO partial column is observed by the FTIR measurements at Maïdo, with an increase from the early morning to about 14:00 local time and a decrease thereafter. Due to the low NO concentration near the surface, the FTIR NO retrieval is only sensitive to the stratosphere at Maïdo. The high NO mole fraction near the surface at Xianghe allows us to derive tropospheric and stratospheric NO partial columns separately, although the tropospheric column is very difficult to retrieve in summer (June–August) because of the high water vapor abundance. A good correlation is found between the NO observed by the FTIR measurements and other air pollutants (NO2 and CO) in the troposphere at Xianghe. It is the first study of a successful analysis of NO in the troposphere from a ground-based FTIR site. The tropospheric and stratospheric NO retrieval might be possible at other potential FTIR sites inside or near large cities with enhanced levels of NO near the surface.
An Instrument for Direct Measurement of Emissions: Cooling Tower Example
Authors: Wallis Christopher D. , Leandro Mason D. , Chuang Patrick Y. , Wexler Anthony S.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Measuring emissions from stacks is challenging due to accessibility and safety concerns, and requires techniques to address a broad range of conditions and measurement challenges. One way to facilitate such measurements is to build an instrument package and then use a crane to hold the package over the emissions source. Here we describe such an instrument package that is used to characterize both wet droplet and dried aerosol emissions from cooling tower spray drift. In this application, the instrument package characterizes the velocity, size distribution and concentration of the wet droplet emissions and the mass concentration and elemental composition of the dried PM2.5 and PM10 emissions. Subsequent papers will present and analyze the wet and dried emissions from individual towers.
Long-term spatiotemporal variations in and expansion of low-oxygen conditions in the Pearl River estuary: a study synthesizing observations during 1976–2017
Authors: Hu Jiatang , Zhang Zhongren , Wang Bin , Huang Jia
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The Pearl River estuary (PRE) frequently experiences low-oxygen conditions in summer, with large-extent low-oxygen events and a long-term
deoxygenation trend being reported recently. In this study, we provide a synthesis of the spatiotemporal patterns and incidence of different
low-oxygen levels in the PRE based on the in situ observations collected from 1976 to 2017 and aim to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of
low-oxygen conditions and their changes over the past 4 decades. The long-term observations show that the dissolved oxygen (DO) content in the PRE
has had significant temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity. Low-oxygen conditions (DO < 4 mg L−1) have occurred mostly in the bottom
waters of 5–30 m during summer and early autumn, with locations and severity varying substantially between years. Coastal waters from the
southwest of Lantau Island to the northeast of the Wanshan Archipelago were identified as a hotspot area prone to subsurface low-oxygen conditions due to
the combined effects of comparatively deep topography, a certain residence time and stability of the water column, and enhanced oxygen depletion
related to high phytoplankton biomass. In addition, the low-oxygen waters, either directly imported from the upstream reaches or generated locally
and further transported with the estuarine circulation, also had considerable impacts on the oxygen levels in the estuary. As for early autumn,
marked low-oxygen conditions were present in both the surface and the bottom waters. A large area affected by low oxygen (∼ 4450 km2)
was found in September 2006, where the low-oxygen conditions were comparable to the most severe ones observed in summer. The area was formed by the
inflows of low-oxygen waters from the upstream reaches and enhanced oxygen depletion driven by an intricate coupling of physical and biogeochemical
processes. Our analysis also reveals there has been an apparent expansion of the summertime low-oxygen conditions at the bottom of the PRE since the years around
2000, coincident with major environment changes in the Pearl River region. Overall, the PRE seems to be undergoing a transition from a system
characterized by episodic, small-scale hypoxic events (DO < 2 mg L−1) to a system with seasonal, estuary-wide hypoxic conditions in
summer. Although exacerbated eutrophication associated with anthropogenic nutrient inputs has generally been considered the primary cause for the
deterioration of low-oxygen conditions in the PRE, the sharp decline in sediment load may play an important role as well via increasing water
transparency and thereby supporting higher and broader phytoplankton biomass in the estuary.
Properties and evolution of a submesoscale cyclonic spiral
Authors: Onken Reiner , Baschek Burkard
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The evolution of a submesoscale cyclonic spiral of 1 km in diameter is simulated with ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System) using 33.3 m horizontal resolution in a triple-nested configuration. The generation of the spiral starts from a dense filament that is rolled into a vortex and detaches from the filament. During spin-up, extreme values are attained by various quantities, that are organized in single-arm and multi-arm spirals. The spin-down starts when the cyclone separates from the filament. At the same time, the horizontal speed develops a dipole-like pattern and isotachs form closed contours around the vortex center. The amplitudes of most quantities decrease significantly, but the instantaneous vertical velocity w exhibits high-frequency oscillations and more pronounced extremes than during spin-up. The oscillations are due to vortex Rossby waves (VRWs), that circle the eddy counterclockwise and generate multi-arm spirals with alternating signs by means of azimuthal vorticity advection. Experiments with virtual surface drifters and isopycnal floats indicate downwelling everywhere near the surface. The downwelling is most intense in the center of the spiral at all depth levels, leading to a radial outflow in the thermocline and weak upwelling at the periphery. This overturning circulation is driven by convergent near-surface flow and associated subduction of isopycnals. While the downwelling in the center may support the export of particulate organic carbon from the mixed layer into the main thermocline, the upwelling at the periphery effectuates an upward isopycnal transport of nutrients, enhancing the growth of phytoplankton in the euphotic zone.
Network complexity of rubber plantations is lower than tropical forests for soil bacteria but not fungi
Authors: Lan Guoyu , Yang Chuan , Wu Zhixiang
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Soil microbial communities play a crucial role in ecosystem functioning. Past research has examined the effects of forest conversion on soil microbial composition and diversity, but it remains unknown how networks within these communities respond to forest conversion such as when tropical rainforest are replaced with rubber plantations. In this study, we used Illumina sequencing and metagenome shotgun sequencing to analyze bacterial and fungal community network structure in a large number of soil samples from tropical rainforest and rubber plantation sites in Hainan Island, China. Our results showed only a few shared network edges were observed in both bacterial and fungal communities, which indicates that forest conversion altered soil microbial network structure. We found a greater degree of network structure and a larger number of network edges among bacterial networks in samples from tropical rainforest compared to samples from rubber plantations. The difference was especially pronounced during the rainy season and indicates that rainforest bacterial networks were more complex than rubber plantation bacterial networks. However, rubber plantations soil fungal networks showed more higher links and higher network degree, suggesting that forest conversion does not reduce fungal network complexity. We found that some groups of Acidobacteria were keystone taxa in our tropical rainforest soils, while Actinobacteria were keystone taxa in rubber plantation soils. In addition, seasonal change had a strong effect on network degree, the complexity of soil bacterial and fungal network structure. In conclusion, forest conversion changed soil pH and other soil properties, such as available potassium (AK) and total nitrogen (TN), which resulted in changes in bacterial and fungal network composition and structure.
A lead-width distribution for Antarctic sea ice: a case study for the Weddell Sea with high-resolution Sentinel-2 images
Authors: Muchow Marek , Schmitt Amelie U. , Kaleschke Lars
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Using Copernicus Sentinel-2 images we derive a statistical lead-width distribution for the Weddell Sea. While previous work focused on the Arctic, this is the first lead-width distribution for Antarctic sea ice. Previous studies suggest that the lead-width distribution follows a power law with a positive exponent; however their results for the power-law exponents are not all in agreement with each other. To detect leads we create a sea-ice surface-type classification based on 20 carefully selected cloud-free Sentinel-2 Level-1C products, which have a resolution of 10 m. The observed time period is from November 2016 until February 2018, covering only the months from November to April. We apply two different fitting methods to the measured lead widths. The first fitting method is a linear fit, while the second method is based on a maximum likelihood approach. Here, we use both methods for the same lead-width data set to observe differences in the calculated power-law exponent. To further investigate influences on the power-law exponent, we define two different thresholds: one for open-water-covered leads and one for open-water-covered and nilas-covered leads. The influence of the lead threshold on the exponent is larger for the linear fit than for the method based on the maximum likelihood approach. We show that the exponent of the lead-width distribution ranges between 1.110 and 1.413 depending on the applied fitting method and lead threshold. This exponent for the Weddell Sea sea ice is smaller than the previously observed exponents for the Arctic sea ice.
The Effect of Salinity Levels of irrigation water and Mechanical Damage of Seeds on the Germination and Growth Characteristics of Seedlings of Two Varieties of Bread Wheat ) Triticum aestivum L.(
Authors: Yousif Muna A. , Hassan Nasseam .AH. , kareim Thaer Turky Abdul
Published: September 2021

"A factorial experiment with completely randomized design (CRD)with three replicates was carried out at agronomy laboratory of the Directorate of seed testing and certification / Branch of Salahaldeen to study the effect of salinity levels of irrigation water )0 ،1.75 and 2 Mm ) and grains affected by the use of mechanical seeds in seed germination and seedling growth for two varieties of wheat bread(IPA99 and Sham 6). The characteristics of germination percentage ،speed germination ،length of plumule and radical ،pure live seed percentage and seed vigor studied. The observed results are as follows: Significant differences are found between cultivars. (IPA99) cultivar gave the highest tolerance to water salinity and seed fracture. However ،salinity levels and seed fracture caused a significant decrease in all features. As for interactions ،cultivars and seed mechanical damage interactions were significant in all characteristics. While the interactions of varieties and levels of salinity were significant in the characteristics of the speed of germination and length of plumule . Interactions of salinity levels and seed mechanical damage did not reach the significant limit except for the characteristic of the plumule’s length, which reached the highest value at 7.697 cm . At the same time, the triple interactions (cultivars ،seed mechanical damage and levels of salinity) were significant except for both germination percentage and pure live seed percentage. The best triple interaction was (IPA99) with 1.75 Mm and undamaged seed, which gave the best values in: germination percentage ،length of plumule and radical ،pure live seed percentage and seed vigor. The values of the above were as follows: 98.67% ،8.707 cm ،10.01 cm ،94.72 ،18.45 respectively."
Effect of combinations of fertilizers on yield and quality of three maize varieties
Authors: Al-Temimi Athir H. M. , Al-Hilfi Intsar H. H.
Published: September 2021

"A field experiment was carried out during autumn season of 2019 to study the effect of combination of mineral fertilizers, moringa leaf extract and tryptophan acid on yield and quality of three synthetic varieties of maize and the possibility of replacing part of the mineral fertilizers with these organic maters.The experiment included three synthetic varieties of maize (bohooth-5018, Baghdad-3 and Sumer) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments(application mineral fertilizer as recommended, application 50% of mineral fertilizer+ spraying moringa leaf extract at 3% , application 50% mineral fertilizer + spraying moringa leaf extract at 6% , application 50% mineral fertilizer + tryptophan acid at 50 ppm and application 50% mineral fertilizer + tryptophan acid at 100 ppm ) in the sub plots. The results showed that maize varieties had no-significant difference in all studied characters. Application 50% mineral fertilizer + spraying moringa leaf extract at 6% gave the highest grain yield(8.732 tan ha-1) and all its components (number of ears per plant, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row) and oil percentage (10.72%).While application 50% mineral fertilizer + tryptophan acid at 100 ppm was superior in weight of 500 grains (108.89 g) and protein percentage (3.91%)."
The inhibitory effect of some plant extracts in the laboratory growth characteristics of tomato seedlings
Authors: AL Mandlawy Ahmed Amir Murad , Al –Khalidi Raghda Safaa Al-ddin
Published: September 2021

"An Laboratory experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening - Faculty of Agriculture - Diyala University for the spring season 2017 in order to study the inhibitory effects of some plant extracts on the laboratory growth characteristics of the Tomato seeds, using Petri dishes designed in Completely Randomized Design ( CRD) in three replicates to study the effect of three different concentrations (zero , 50% and 100%) of water extracts of onion, Blady grass, Nut grass and Johnson grass in the percentage of seed germination of Tomato seeds and the growth rate and some other growth characteristics of theTomato seeds. The experimental results can be summarized as follows, Plant extracts affected For each of the onion, Blady grass, Nut grass and Johnson grass and the concentrations used, and interferences between them, have a significant effect in all studied traits of Tomato seeds the treatment resulted in the plant extract of Nut grass and Johnson grass On the occurrence of high and clear inhibitions in all the studied traits of the tomato seeds, while the other plant extracts varied with the degree of inhibition.
Response of Two Cultivar of Date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. to the rooting treatments cultivated in Gypsifrious Soil
Authors: Al-Himdany Kh. A.S.
Published: September 2021

"This study was conducted in University of Tikrit during the 2019 agricultural season, to study the effect of treatment with rooting hormone, paraffin and fungicide on the success of cultivating the offshoots of two varieties of date palm (Khastawi and Zahdi) in Gypsifrious Soil. The experiment planned RCBD, with three replicates.. The cultivar had a significant effect on the studied traits, as the variety Khastawi outperformed in the percentage of success offshoots, leaf length, pinnae length and the number of roots as it reached 86.27%, 30.20 cm, 16.87 cm, 15.67 roots, respectively, while the Zahdi variety outperformed the average number of leaves as it gave an average of 3.80 a sheet. The rooting treatments had a significant effect, especially the treatment with the rooting hormone plofid and the fungicide Redomil, which gave to a significant increase in the studied traits represented in the percentage of success of the offshoots, the number of leaves, leaf length, pinnae length, length and number of roots, reaching 100%, 5.33 leaves, 35.33 cm, 19.83 cm. 17.00 cm, 21.50 root, respectively, while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. As for the effect of the interaction between the cultivar and the rooting treatments, the cultivar Khastawi and Zahdi in the treatment of the rooting hormone plofid and the fungicide the highest success rate of 100%, and the cultivar of Zahdi in the same treatment gave the highest rate of the number of leaves and the length of pinnae, while the variety Khastawi in the same treatment gave the highest rate of leaf length The length and number of roots, while in the comparison treatment, the ascetic variety gave the lowest success rate of 57.67%.
"Evaluation of The Performance of Genotypes of Bread Wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.) for Drought Tolerance Using Drought Indexes and Analysis of Multiple Variables "
Authors: Baktash A. M. Dhahi F.Y.
Published: September 2021

"ltural Research Ministry of Agriculture several drought indexes have been used to determine the best genotypes of (Triticum eastivum L.) for drought tolerance in the central region of Iraq, Determination of the efficacy of drought indexes for knowledge the genotypes of drought-tolerant and susceptibility and interpretation of the relationship between drought index used by primary component analysis, cluster analysis and rank sum. experiment was conducted to investigate water stress effect for the some traits of selected genotypes, using split plot arrangement within RCBD with 3 replications. The main plots included 2 levels of water stress (20% and 80%) depletion of available water while, the 9th selected genotypes and the control variety IPA99 occupied sub plots. The use of the best index of drought tolerance, MP, GMP and STI, led to the diagnosis of tolerant and stress-sensitive genotypes due to their association with grain yield in both stress and irrigation (YS and YP), The results of drought tolerance index showed that genotypes 186, 179 and 45 were the most tolerant of drought, while genotypes IPA 99, 117, 27 and 17 were the most sensitive to water stress and the other genotypes 44, 129, 147, middle tolerance or water stress sensitivity, Therefore, we recommend the cultivation of genotypes 186, 179 and 45 in the central region as they are most resistant to drought"
Effect of Foliar Application with seaweed extract (Acadian) on growth and Yield of two Saffron Cultivars).(Crocus sativus L
Authors: Al-Saad Kefaia G. S. , Al-zubaidi Marwa M. O.
Published: September 2021

"This study was conducted during September 2018 to May 2019 at the Lath house , belong to Horticulture and landscape Department / College of agriculture / Kirkuk university, to study the effect of foliar spraying with seaweed extract (Acadian) at different concentrations (0,1, 2) g. L-1 on the growth , and Yield of two Saffron Cultivars (Crocus sativus L.)first cultivar (Bunch)and the Second cultivar (Pushal) , The study was laid out in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) with two factors and each treatment consist of three replications . The results showed that spraying with seaweed extract (Acadian) at (2) g.L1, increase significant in the number of shoots(4.86)bud.plant-1 and leaves / Plant(11.30)leaves. plant-1 . with the highest content of total chlorophyll in the leaves (1.79) CCI , and highest number of Corms and Cormels (4.23 Corm. plant-1 , 3.03 Cormel. plant-1) respectively , highest of wet weight of the Corms and Cormels (5.13 , 2.25) g , respectively and the highest diameter of the Corms (3.27) cm . The two cultivar did not differ significantly in their studied characteristics. The Interactions between the spraying levels with seaweed extract (Acadian) and Cultivars had a significant effect on improving most of the studied traits , as it gave the treatment spraying with seaweed extract (Acadian) (2)g.L-1 and Cultivar (Pushal) increased of number of shoots(5.40) bud.plant-1 and leaves / Plant(12.20) leaves. plant-1. with the highest content of total chlorophyll (1.84)CCI , and highest number of Cormels (3.20) Cormel. plant-1 , highest of wet weight of the Cormels (2.28) g , while the cultivar (Bunch) was superior to the concentration of 2 g.L-1 in the highest number of Corms (4.33) Corm. plant-1 , highest of wet weight of the Corms (5.57) g , with the highest diameter of the Corms (3.29) cm "
PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE LIFE OF A SOCIETY: A HISTORICAL-POLI ORICAL-POLITICAL AN TICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   e Academy of Public administration under the President of Republic of Uzbekistan, Begbutayeva Farida
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The issues of participation of persons with disabilities in socio-political development of society are analyzed in the scientific article. Attitude to persons with disabilities is usually formed due to the process of historical development of each country, the specific mentality of the people living in it. As a measure of the level of justice in any society, attention is paid to persons with disabilities living in that state, also measured by the level of living conditions created for them. Introduction. When we analyze the relationship towards to persons with disabilities, we can see that its history dates back to the distant past. The attitude towards them was different in different periods, depending on the characteristics of national values, and the peculiarities of those periods. Research methods. Scientific research methods such as the principle of historicism, systematization, comparative analysis and extrapolation were mainly used in the article. Results and discussions
SUBCOLL SUBCOLLOQUIAL MESURA AL MESURATIVE PHRASEOL TIVE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNI OGICAL UNITS IN THE S IN THE CULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF THE WORLD
Authors:   NUUz, Otaqulov Nodirjon Bakhromalievich
Published: September 2021

Introduction. This article examines the use of subcolloquial mesurative phraseological units in the French, Uzbek and Russian languages from the point of view of reflecting in them the relationship between language and cultural semantics. Its purpose is to determine the similarities and differences between subcolloquial mesurative phraseological units, taking into account the main symbolic meanings of numbers in world culture. The article examines the subcolloquial mesurative units in French, Uzbek and Russian, their place in the linguistic picture of the world, as well as their use in proverbs, sayings and phraseological units. Various points of view of scientists-linguists are considered, in particular, that the category of time is a category of a wide heterogeonic plan and finds a peculiar reflection in the linguistic picture of the world. The questions of the use of the subcolloquial mesurative unit of time in lexical, phraseological units, as well as in proverbs and sayings in French, Uzbek and Russian are touched upon. The conclusions are supported by the factual linguistic material of the indicated languages. Materials and methods. The study used the methods of component and stylistic analysis within the framework of the linguistic picture of the world based on the system-structural paradigms. It is noted that subcolloquial mesurative phraseological units differ from other linguistic units in that they provide imagery, expressiveness and emotionality to speech. The main attention is paid to the definition of national and cultural features of phraseological units with subcolloquial mesurative components of the French, Uzbek and Russian languages, expressing different socio-cultural cultures of the world. Results and discussion. Scientific novelty lies in the study of determining the sources of phraseological units with subcolloquial mesurative components in the French, Uzbek and Russian languages on the basis of phraseological units. An analysis of the generality and specificity in the meanings of the subcolloquial mesuratic phraseological units of the compared languages was carried out. This analysis involves the study of the semantics of subcolloquial mesuratic phraseological units, the mechanisms of nomination and associative links existing in them, the consciousness and properties of the mentality of the three peoples
THE SKILLS OF UZBEK WRITERS USING PARTICLES IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS
Authors:   Tadqiqot LLC International journals portal, Kakhkhorova Gulrukh Shavkatovna Kakhkhorova
Published: September 2021

Background. For the reason that the meaning of the particles is understood from the content of the text, the particles listed as alternatives in translation dictionaries do not always match. Often, although there is no particle in the original, there are cases when the translation contains a particle or replaces the existing particle in the translation with another, rather than an alternative to it. Therefore, the amount of particles actually used in the translation process and the issue of their storage or acquisition are also of particular interest. This article explains the skill of using particles in English translations of Uzbek texts. Materials and methods. Like the Uzbek intensifying particles, the English language has a special group of "Emphatic or intensifying particles" that serve to reinforce the idea expressed in the sentence. Very is one of such words as even, yet, still, all, just, simply, never, but, only, quite, too -compatible with intensifying particles ҳатто, ҳаттоки, наҳотки, ахир, ҳам.
EKSISTENSI PROGRAM RADIO LOKAL THE RADIO FM PADA ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0 DI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Amelia Marsya , Dilla Sumadi , Syahartijan Laode Muh.
Published: September 2021

Revolusi industri 4.0 merupakan penggabungan antara teknologi otomatisasi dengan teknologi cyber. Oleh sebab itu teknologi dan internet menjadi tantangan bagi media konvensional seperti radio untuk tetap mempertahankan eksistensinya. Salah satu radio yang mengikuti perkembangan teknologi internet agar tetap eksisdi Kota Kendari adalah THE RADIO FM. Eksistensi The Radio FM dilihat dari program-program unggulannya yang menjadi alasan pendengar mau mendengarkan THE RADIO FM. Program Unggulannya memiliki konten yang menarik, kreatif dan inovatif serta informasi yang diberikan informasiup to date. Namun, Pengelolah THE RADIO FM sadar betul akan dampak revolusi industri 4.0 ini pada eksistensi radionya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja eksistensi program radio lokal The Radio FM dalam menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0 di Kota Kendari. studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya radio lokal The Radio FMharus memenuhi kebutuhan akan pendengarnya. Apabila kebutuhan pendengar terpenuhi maka radio tersebut bisa eksis. studi ini menggunakan teori normatif media oleh Denis McQuail. Penentuan Informan berjumlah enam orang yang dipilih dengan pertimbangan dan tujuan tertentu, hasil dari penelitian ini radio lokal The Radio FM telah memenuhi aspek-aspek penunjang eksistensinya yaitu memiliki program unggulan berupa Spageti, Sore DoReMi, dan MalaMalam dimana ketiganya memiliki konten yang menarik, kreatif dan inovatif serta informasi yang  uptodate, yang bisa diakses oleh pendengar menggunakan tape radio, streaming dan handphone. untuk terus eksis media harus bertindak sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan akan informasinya untuk itu disarankan untuk berhati-hati dalam memberikan informasi agar tidak menyinggung pendengar.Kata-kata Kunci: eksistensi radio ; revolusi industri 4.0; Teori Normatif
Acute Stromal Keratitis Following the Vitrectomy for the Treatment of Myopic Tractional Maculopathy in Lupus
Authors: Kim Tae Yeon , Kim So Hee , Choi Youna , Choi Seung Kwon , Lee Jae Jung , Park Sung Who , Byon Ik Soo
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To report a case of acute stromal keratitis after vitrectomy for the treatment of myopic tractional maculopathy in a lupus patient.Case summary: A lupus patient who were treated with low dose steroid complained of decreased visual acuity due to myopic tractional maculopathy with fovea detachment. No evidence of intraocular inflammation was observed. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/40. We performed the vitrectomy and removal of epiretinal membrane and internal limiting membrane. BCVA of 20/80 at day 1 decreased to hand motion at day 5. Severe corneal edema and superficial punctate keratitis that were observed did not improve three days after the anti-herpetic treatment. Based on this, we diagnosed her as immune-mediated acute stromal keratitis in lupus, and treated with oral methylprednisolone of 20 mg. The corneal edema improved rapidly following high dose systemic steroid. Myopic fovea detachment also improved. Improvement of BCVA was limited to 20/80 at six months, compared to the baseline one.Conclusions: We observed the development of acute stromal keratitis after vitrectomy for the myopic tractional maculopathy in the patient with lupus. High dose systemic steroid improved this corneal complication. Increased dose of systemic steroid should be considered before and after vitrectomy in lupus patients.
Accountability Studies in Religious Non-Profit Organizations: Possible Contextual and Application Gaps
Authors: Ali Zubaidah Mohd , Mahadi Rozaidy
Published: September 2021

Having substantial accountability standards and practices is a vital practice to ensure the survival of Religious-Based Non-Profit Organisations (RNPOs). This is because the RNPOs are not only representing the religion’s ideals but at the same time, there are also responsible in disseminating ethical massage and good values in the community.  Since the RNPOs played a significant role in society, many studies have highlighted the need to explore more accountability issues involving RNPOs. Hence, this study aims to provide a taxonomical review of literature that examined RNPOs’ accountability practices and subsequently, suggesting plausible contextual and application gaps for future research. In so doing, this study utilised van Helden and Nortcott’s (2010) and Rozaidy, Siti Nabiha, Rasid, and Raman (2017) taxonomical methods in categorising accountability studies in RNPOs. As a result, four main themes have been identified from 60 selected high-impact journal articles. The four themes are 1) examining the outcomes of corporate integrity and accountability practices; 2) evaluating the RNPOs’ internal control practices; 3) identifying financial reporting disclosures practices among RNPOs; and 4) exploring the influence of leadership skills on RNPOs’ accountability practices.
Weil es schön ist, Gutes zu tun
Authors: Trenker Peter
Published: September 2021

Die gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen an den Ethikunterricht sind zu vielfältig, zu unterschiedlich und viel zu umfassend, als dass sie erfüllbar wären. Ein recht verstandener ethischer Pluralismus, die Stärkung der moralischen Identität, eine solide Einführung in die Geschichte der Ethik sowie die Entdeckung der Schönheit des Guten können wesentliche Säulen des Ethikunterrichtes sein.
Zielbild QMS
Authors: Hesse Matthias
Published: September 2021

Evidenzbasiertes Arbeiten im schulischen Kontext, bzw. evidenzbasiert zu unterrichten, bedeutet, „sich bei der Planung und Gestaltung des Unterrichts auf Daten, als Beobachtungen und andere em­pirisch feststellbare Indikatoren (z.B. Tests) zu stützen“ (Helmke et al., 2012). Das österreichische Qua­litätsmanagementsystem für Schulen sowie Evaluation und Evidenzbasierung leisten einen großen Bei­trag zur wirkungsorientierten Steuerung und Qualitätssicherung – auch oder vielleicht sogar gerade in der Sonderpädagogik. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Hintergrund einer Schulentwicklung, die sich zunehmend der empirischen Forschung (und damit der evidenzbasierten Unterrichtsent­wicklung) in der Praxis zuwendet und vielleicht nicht immer mit „offenen Armen“ und einem „Platz im Herzen der Schulkultur“ begrüßt wird. Es wird der Versuch unternommen, einen ersten Überblick über die Literatur und die Möglichkeiten einer Umsetzung – speziell in der Sonderpädagogik – zu geben und Mut zu machen, sich mit den Möglichkeiten und Chancen der Unterrichtsdiagnostik auseinanderzu­setzen.
Von Schulleiter*innen, Spannungsfeldern und Supervision
Authors: Tscherne Michaela
Published: September 2021

Kerstin Löffler weiß aus ihrer Erfahrung als Supervisorin, Sonder-, Volks- und Montessoripä­dagogin von der mit Skepsis begleiteten Beziehung zwischen Supervision und Schule. In ih­rem ersten Buch „Zwischen den Stühlen“ beschäftigt sie sich mit den unterschiedlichen Zu­gängen zu den beiden Bereichen. So stehen aus ihrer Perspektive in der Schule Bewertung, Selbstwert und Leistung im Fokus, während die Bereiche Supervision und Coaching weniger Beachtung finden. Obwohl diese auch keine schnellen Lösungen bieten, können sie jedoch eine Erweiterung der Handlungsspielräume bewirken.
Ethik und Ethos in der Werteerziehung
Authors: Riepl Karin
Published: September 2021

Im Rahmen der Tätigkeit von Verantwortungsträger*innen in der Personalentwicklung ist die Evalua­tion der Eignung von Bewerber*innen, sowohl, was deren fachliche, aber auch, was ihre soziale Kom­petenz betrifft, essenziell. Es soll deshalb hier aufgezeigt werden, warum und wie Lehrende in der Ent­wicklung ihres professionellen Ethos durch die Konfrontation mit moralischen Fragen und Reflexion zu begleiten sind. Dazu werden die Anforderungen schulischer Werteerziehung, Ethik als Handlungstheo­rie und Ethos als zu erringende Haltung von Lehrenden zur Diskussion gestellt.
Construction of the Policy Network Analysis Framework for the Implementation of China’s Higher Education Informatization Policy
Authors:   School of Humanities and Law, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China, Liang Yuan , Zhang Lei ,   School of Humanities and Law, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China, Wu Zijing ,   School of Humanities and Law, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
Published: September 2021

The research on higher education informatization policy is actually a theoretical abstraction of realistic policy implementation, and it is also a research direction that is fully applicable to China’s local application and theoretical interpretation. Due to the special nature of education policy, it is not advisable to explain policy results purely based on actors or structural characteristics of the policy network. It should be more in line with the social reality of multi-party’s full participation in benefit games, multiple social organizations, and the social difference pattern of China, and step from the causality between a specific policy network and a specific policy result towards a concrete policy network interpretation framework.
Analysis on the Application Effect of Psychological Counseling for COVID-19 Patients
Authors:   MOSC College of Nursing, Issac Lincy , K Nair Deepak ,   MOSC College of Nursing
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak is a global emergency. The consequences of the pandemic were numerous. Mental health and psychosocial support services have been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Innovative solutions such as tele-consultations, digital self - help platforms, novel approaches to ensure supply of psychotropic medicines, and task sharing/shifting for basic psychosocial support, are being used to defeat service disruptions and maintain care for those with psychological conditions.
Problems in the Management of Rural Natural Resources and Optimization Countermeasures
Authors:   School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, China, Gao Qifeng
Published: September 2021

With the continuous development of China's economic level, more and more attention has been paid to rural construction and development. In the new era, do a good job in the management of rural natural resources, realize the optimal allocation of resources, and the reasonable protection of ecological resources, so as to build a new countryside and realize the modern development of the new countryside. However, at present, there are still many problems and contradictions in the management of natural resources in rural China, such as low land transfer efficiency, many difficulties, unreasonable planning, deserted residential bases, and ineffective protection of the ecological and natural environment, which further restrict the situation. Reasonable application and sustainable development of rural natural resources. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply analyze a series of problems in the management of rural natural resources, formulate optimized countermeasures according to the specific conditions of the problems, and gradually solve the problems and contradictions to strengthen the construction of new countryside.
Planar vector fields with central symmetry: roughness and first degree of non-roughness
Authors: Ройтенберг Владимир Шлеймович
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается пространство гладких векторных полей, заданных в замкнутой области D на плоскости, инвариантных относительно центральной симметрии и трансверсальных границе D. Описано множество векторных полей, грубых относительно этого пространства; показано, что оно открыто и всюду плотно. Во множестве всех негрубых векторных полей выделено открытое всюду плотное подмножество, состоящее из векторных полей первой степени негрубости.

We consider the space of smooth vector fields defined in a closed domain D on the plane, invariant under the central symmetry and transversal to the boundary D. The set of vector fields that are rough with respect to this space is described; it is shown that it is open and everywhere dense. In the set of all non-rough vector fields, an open everywhere dense subset consisting of vector fields of the first degree of non-roughness is distinguished.
Development of the malware detection model based on an analysis of API request sequences
Authors: Черкасов Александр Николаевич , Туркин Егор Алексеевич
Published: September 2021

Анализ актуальности существующих работ по изучению нейросетевых алгоритмов обнаружения вредоносного программного обеспечения позволил определить оптимальный подход к решению задачи распознавания вирусов. Был сформирован набор данных, содержащий последовательности системных запросов для 2083 исполняемых файлов. Обучение модели рекуррентной нейронной сети на полученном наборе данных позволило получить классификатор с точностью распознавания вредоносных программ 97,6%. Ключевой аспект значимости работы заключается в практической ориентированности исследования - полученная модель будет применена в качестве компонента системы комплексного анализа вредоносного программного обеспечения.

An analysis of the relevance of existing works on the study of neural network algorithms for detecting malicious software made it possible to determine the optimal approach to solving the problem of virus recognition. A dataset has been generated containing sequences of system requests for 2083 executable files. Training the recurrent neural network model on the generated dataset made it possible to obtain a classifier with a malware recognition accuracy of 97.6%. The key aspect of the significance of the work lies in the practical orientation of the research - the resulting model will be applied as a component of a system for complex analysis of malicious software.
n. 45 - JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: TRAJETÓRIAS E EFEITOS EM UM CASO PIONEIRO
Authors: Coli Heloisa , Ximenes Salomão Barros
Published: September 2021

O artigo se insere na literatura sobre a judicialização de políticas públicas de educação infantil, analisando especificamente o caso de Santo André (SP), município que propôs no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) os Recursos Extraordinários que viriam a provocar, em 2005 e 2006, as primeiras decisões do Tribunal no sentido de reconhecer a educação infantil não-obrigatória como prerrogativa constitucional indisponível das crianças e de seus pais e responsáveis, afirmando assim a exigibilidade desse direito. A pesquisa compreende o período de 2006 a 2018 e exigiu análise de dados, documentos e entrevistas. Na interpretação dos resultados tomamos como base a metodologia de identificação de efeitos desenvolvida por Silveira et al (2020), adaptando-a à realidade encontrada no Município, no qual prevaleceu, até 2017, a judicialização pela via de demandas judiciais individuais e repetitivas, voltadas à obtenção de liminares individuais para a determinação de matrículas de crianças arroladas nas ações, padrão decisório mais disseminado, segundo a literatura analisada. Encontramos efeitos diretos da judicialização na política educacional, na administração pública e no sistema de justiça; e efeitos indiretos em quatro dimensões. Destacaram-se como efeitos a ampliação do atendimento da rede municipal, a superlotação de creches, a piora nas condições de qualidade da educação e a mudança do padrão decisório, identificada como efeito indireto do esgotamento do modelo de judicialização anterior.
Sincronização de ciclos econômicos na América Latina: crises e determinantes
Authors: Lemos Lima Renata , Frois Caldeira João
Published: September 2021

Este artigo examina a sincronização dos ciclos econômicos entre quatro economias da América Latina durante o período de 1968 a 2016. Usando um modelo DCC-GARCH combinado com regressões em painel, estimou-se as correlações dinâmicas entre as quatro economias e investigou-se os efeitos de crises domésticas e internacionais na sincronização de ciclos desses países e os determinantes dessa sincronização. Os resultados sugerem que a sincronização aumenta em períodos de crises internacionais e diminui em crises domésticas enfrentadas por algum dos países analisados. Entre os determinantes, o comércio bilateral é o principal responsável pela sincronização de ciclos de negócios dos países latino-americanos.
Análise da Dinâmica Populacional por Nível de Instrução no Brasil
Authors: Zangiski Gabriela Henrique , Porsse Alexandre Alves
Published: September 2021

Este estudo visa analisar os efeitos de migração regional a partir da avaliação das mudanças ocorridas na estrutura da população segundo o nível de instrução. A hipótese é de que os grupos populacionais mais escolarizados são mais propensos a migrar e que os diferenciais regionais dos grupos populacionais devem refletir os efeitos de migração. A metodologia empregada baseia-se em duas abordagens: análise shift-share e análise exploratória de dados espaciais. A primeira decompõe os efeitos diferenciais regionais e a segunda permite identificar regimes espaciais nos componentes da análise shift-share. Foram encontrados padrões significativos de dependência espacial para todos os níveis de instrução. As regiões Nordeste e Norte destacaram-se pelo aumento da participação de indivíduos de menor instrução, enquanto o Centro-Oeste mostrou-se atrativo para os mais escolarizados, indicando que a estrutura produtiva desta região tem incrementado o uso de trabalho qualificado.
Encadeamentos produtivos e multiplicadores macrossetoriais no Brasil após a abertura comercial
Authors: Sousa Filho José Firmino , Santos Gervásio Ferreira dos , Ribeiro Luiz Carlos de Santana
Published: September 2021

Este artigo analisa o processo de desenvolvimento produtivo setorial agregado da economia Brasileira de 1990 a 2015 aplicando os índices de encadeamento produtivo e os multiplicadores setoriais para a produção e emprego, utilizando uma abordagem de Insumo-Produto e mesoeconomia. A geração de linkage effects para uma economia é importante, pois desencadeia uma série de resultados positivos desde que sua estrutura esteja interligada e seja capaz de causar spillovers. Assim, a pesquisa pretende contribuir para as discussões acerca das temáticas relativas ao crescimento macrossetorial da economia brasileira explorando o processo de crescimento produtivo como uma ferramenta essencial das relações de produção, demanda e crescimento tecnológico. Os resultados apontam que a estrutura produtiva da economia brasileira não evoluiu na direção de criação e desenvolvimento de encadeamentos produtivos consolidados e os multiplicadores de produção e de emprego diminuíram em grande parte dos setores considerados.
Chapter 9: Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Kibali District, Neoarchean Moto Belt, Northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Allibone Andrew , Vargas Carlos , Mwandale Etienne , Kwibisa Justus , Jongens Richard , Quick Sarah , Komarnisky Nathan , Fanning Mark , Bird Philip , MacKenzie Doug , Turnbull Rose , Holliday Joel
Published: September 2021

The Kibali district in the Democratic Republic of Congo hosts the large Karagba-Chaffeur-Durba (KCD) deposit and smaller satellite deposits that together contained 20 million ounces (Moz) of gold when mining recommenced in 2013. An additional 3 Moz of gold was probably mined from the district before 2013.

Gold deposits in the Kibali district are located along the KZ trend, a series of folds, contractional shear zones, and altered lithostratigraphic units that coincide with the margin of an earlier 2630 to 2625 Ma intraorogenic basin within the Neoarchean Moto belt. Fluids first responsible for barren carbonate-quartz-sericite alteration, and later for siderite and/or ankerite (±quartz, magnetite, pyrite, and/or chlorite) alteration with associated auriferous pyrite ± rare arsenopyrite veinlets, infiltrated and replaced the siliciclastic, banded iron formation (BIF), and chert host rocks via fold axes, shear zones, and reactive BIF horizons. The complex shape and gentle northeast plunge of the lodes across the Kibali district reflect the shape and plunge of coincident folds that formed during early barren alteration. Many other folded BIF horizons across the wider Moto belt remain barren or only weakly mineralized, suggesting deep extensional structures that may have developed in the vicinity of the KZ trend during basin opening and prior to gold mineralization, were important fluid pathways during later contractional deformation and mineralization.