bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Augmented glucose production is not contingent on high catecholamines in fetal sheep with IUGR
Authors: Davis Melissa A , Camacho Leticia E , Pendleton Alexander L , Antolic Andrew T , Luna-Ramirez Rosa I , Kelly Amy C , Steffens Nathan R , Anderson Miranda J , Limesand Sean W
Published: May 2021

Fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have high concentrations of catecholamines, which lowers the insulin secretion and glucose uptake. Here, we studied the effect of hypercatecholaminemia on glucose metabolism in sheep fetuses with placental insufficiency-induced IUGR. Norepinephrine concentrations are elevated throughout late gestation in IUGR fetuses but not in IUGR fetuses with a bilateral adrenal demedullation (IAD) at 0.65 of gestation. Euglycemic (EC) and hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic (HEC) clamps were performed in control, intact-IUGR, and IAD fetuses at 0.87 of gestation. Compared to controls, basal oxygen, glucose, and insulin concentrations were lower in IUGR groups. Norepinephrine concentrations were five-fold higher in IUGR fetuses than in IAD fetuses. During the EC, rates of glucose entry (GER, umbilical + exogenous), glucose utilization (GUR), and glucose oxidation (GOR) were greater in IUGR groups than in controls. In IUGR and IAD fetuses with euglycemia and euinsulinemia, glucose production rates (GPR) remained elevated. During the HEC, GER and GOR were not different among groups. In IUGR and IAD fetuses, GURs were 40% greater than in controls, which paralleled the sustained GPR despite hyperinsulinemia. Glucose-stimulated insulin concentrations were augmented in IAD fetuses compared to IUGR fetuses. Fetal weights were not different between IUGR groups but were less than controls. Regardless of norepinephrine concentrations, IUGR fetuses not only develop greater peripheral insulin sensitivity for glucose utilization but also develop hepatic insulin resistance because GPR was maintained and unaffected by euglycemia or hyperinsulinemia. These findings show that adaptation in glucose metabolism of IUGR fetuses are independent of catecholamines, which implicate that hypoxemia and hypoglycemia cause the metabolic responses.
Enhanced delignification selectivity of alkali-oxygen pulping by wet-storage pretreatment with bleaching wastewater
Authors: Sun Bing , Shan Yingzhen , Liu Yuxin , Shang Zhen
Published: May 2021

Wet-storage is the most common way to maintain sugarcane bagasse in the pulping and paper-making industry, although there are few studies focused on the selectivity of delignification in pulping for bagasse treated by wet-storage. In this study, wet-storage of bagasse was carried out before alkali-oxygen pulping. The influence of wet-storage pretreatment on the chemical compositions, morphology of bagasse, and the consumption of NaOH in alkali impregnated bagasse meal were investigated. The wet-storage of bagasse resulted in significant improvement in delignification selectivity of alkali-oxygen pulping. After the bagasse was pretreated by wet-storage with bleaching water, the screened yield and crystallinity of the resulting alkali-oxygen pulp were increased.
Optimization of soda pulping process of ligno-cellulosic residues of lemon and sofia grasses produced after steam distillation
Authors: Kaur Harjeet , Dutt Dharm , Tyagi C. H.
Published: May 2021

Sofia (Cymbopogon martini), and lemon (Cymbopogon flexuosus) grasses, are exclusively cultivated for extraction of important lemongrass and palma rosa oils. Lignocellulosic residue (LCR) of sofia and lemon grasses left after steam distillation can successfully be used for the production of chemical grade pulp. Steam distillation mitigates the problem of mass transfer, and facilitates the faster penetration of cooking liquor by leaching out a part of extraneous components. Sofia grass produces a pulp yield of 43.7% of kappa number 20 at an active alkali dose of 14% (as Na2O), maximum cooking temperature of 160 oC and cooking time 90 min. Likewise, lemon grass produces a pulp yield of 41.4% of kappa number 12.5 under the same conditions except temperature (150 oC) by a soda pulping process. Addition of 0.1% AQ at optimum cooking conditions reduces kappa number by 26 and 8% for sofia and lemon grasses with insignificant increase in pulp yield i.e. 0.2 and 0.4% for sofia and lemon grasses, respectively. The mechanical strength properties of lemon grass soda-AQ pulp are better than sofia grass. Bauer-McNett fiber classification further validates that +20 fractions are more (62.63%) in lemon grass than in sofia grass (42.72%).
Alkali extraction of hemicellulose from depithed corn stover and effects on soda-AQ pulping
Authors: Cheng Heli , Zhan Huaiyu , Fu Shiyu , Lucia Lucian A.
Published: May 2021

A biorefinery using the process of hemicellulose pre-extraction and subsequent pulping provides a promising way for the utilization of straw biomass and resolution of problems related to silicon. In this work, hemicellulose was extracted from depithed corn stover with sodium hydroxide solution before soda-AQ pulping. Components of the extracts were quantified by ion chromatography. The parameters (alkali concentration and temperature) affecting hemicellulose pre-extraction were optimized. The main constituent of hemicellulose in corn stover was xylan, which accounted for 18.1% of the depithed raw material. More than 90% of the xylan can be extracted under the optimal conditions: NaOH concentration of 10%, temperature of 75ºC, and time of 2h. Solid fractions after extraction were subjected to soda-AQ pulping. In comparison with control pulp obtained without extraction, it was found that alkali pre-extraction could improve the brightness and decrease kappa number of the subsequent pulp, causing a slight loss of yield, viscosity, density, and burst strength, but an obvious improvement of tear strength. Moreover, the silicon content was decreased by 79.8% when the extraction conditions were set at 75 ºC with alkali concentration of 8%, suggesting that pre-extraction of hemicellulose is a potential way to solve silicon problems associated with alkaline pulping of stover.
Offset printing behavior of baggase and hardwood paper sheets loaded by in-situ precipitation
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Negi Yuvraj S. , Singh Surendra P.
Published: May 2021

Standard handsheets of bleached bagasse and hardwood pulps were prepared with calcium carbonate filler loading by conventional method and by in-situ precipitation. The handsheets were printed with an IGT printability tester. The effect of filler loading by in-situ precipitation on ink transfer, print density, and print-through was studied. For a given amount of ink on the printing disk or on the paper, the print density was greater and the print-through was less for in-situ precipitation of filler when compared with the conventional filler loading.
Hesperaloe funifera as a raw material for integral utilization of its components
Authors: Sánchez Rafael , Ferrer Ana , Serrano Luis , Toledano Ana , Labidi Jalel , Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Hesperaloe funifera was characterizedin terms of its contents of holocellulose, α-cellulose, and lignin (74.1, 52.3, and 7.9%, respectively). Also, an experimental factor design was used to examine the influence of operational variables in the diethanolamine pulping of this material (viz. diethanolamine concentration (50-80%), cooking temperature (155-185 ºC), and time (30-90 minutes)) on the contents of holocellulose, α-cellulose, and lignin, as well as the yield, kappa number, and viscosity of the resulting pulps, and also on the brightness, tensile index, stretch, burst index, and tear index of paper sheets made from it. The predictions for these dependent variables departed by less than 1, 7, 6, 2, 2, 4, 15, 11, 12, 10, and 37% from their respective experimental values. Black liquors obtained from the pulping runs were characterized by determining pH, density, TDS, (total dissolved solids), MI (inorganic matter), MO (organic matter), and lignin content; lignin samples were characterized by different techniques (FTIR and TGA). Finally, the black liquors were acidified to separate solid fractions that were subjected to pyrolysis and gasification in order to obtain synthesis and fuel gases.
Techno-economic analysis: Preliminary assessment of pyrolysis oil production costs and material energy balance associated with a transportable fast pyrolysis system
Authors: Badger Phil , Badger Scott , Puettmann Maureen , Steele Philip , Cooper Jerome
Published: May 2021

A techno-economic analysis was performed for a 100 dry-ton/day (90,719 kg/day) fast pyrolysis transportable plant. Renewable Oil International® LLC provided the life cycle cost of operating a 100 dry-ton/day fast pyrolysis system using southern pine wood chips as feedstock. Since data was not available from an actual large-scale plant, the study examined data obtained from an actual 15 dry-ton/day pilot plant and from several smaller plants. These data were used to obtain base figures to aid in the development of models to generate scaled-up costs for a larger 100 dry-ton/day facility. Bio-oil represented 60% of mass of product yield. The cost for the bio-oil from fast pyrolysis was valued at $0.94/gal. Energy cost bio-oil and char was valued at $6.35/MMBTU. Costs associated with purchasing feedstocks can drastically influence the final cost of the bio-oil. The assumed cost of feedstocks was $25/wet ton or $50/dry ton. This paper is part of a larger study investigating the economic and environmental impacts for producing bio-oil / biocide wood preservatives.
Mining. A Millennium Long Road
Authors:   Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Nagornyi V.P. , Hloba V.M. ,   Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The question of structure of the Earth is stated. Minerals and their use are described. Information on the history and basics of mining, methods of mining, extraction of solid minerals, blasting technology, oil and gas production is presented. The issues of development of mining science and mining education, environmental protection during mining operations are considered. Mining themes in painting and art are reflected. An overview of the main directions of mining development in the XXI century is given. For the mass reader, especially young people who choose mining professions.
Informal employment in Ukraine and formation of institutional conditions of its minimization
Authors:   State Institution ", Yuryk Yaryna ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of the study on the structure and scale of spread of informal employment in Ukrainian labor market. Based on the analysis of the received estimates, the author makes a social and economic profile of the average worker involved in informal labor relations. The peculiarity of the study is that all estimates are considered separately for hired labor and self-employment, which allows to identify the internal heterogeneity of the structure of informal employment in Ukraine. According to the results of the econometric modeling, the main socio-economic, demographic, settlement, professional and sectoral factors that determine the involvement of the individual in informal employment in Ukraine are identified. Described the basics of legal regulation of labor relations as a formal institution influencing the dynamics of informal employment. Established the relationship between the level of flexibility in the regulation of the labor market in the country and the extent of informal employment among its population. It has been shown that in economies with flexible regulation, as a rule, informal employment is lower. Based on assessments and analysis of the flexibility of labor market regulation in Ukraine by such components as hiring, working hours and staff reductions (rules and costs), bottlenecks in the national legislation have been identified that can cause increased informal employment, which in turn helped determine the main institutional conditions for its minimization.
Assessment of costs on the adaptation to climate change in Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution ", Trypolska Galyna ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: May 2021

The paper focuses on the main adaptation measures financed in Ukraine at the expense of state and regional budgets region-wise during 2016-2018 within the framework of environmental activities. The source of data was "Environmental passports of the regions". The paper finds that during 2016-2018 the most funded items of expenditure were the construction and repair of sewerage, clearing of riverbeds, repair of water protection structures and wastewater treatment. A significant gap in the cost of measures of an adaptive nature between the regions is established. Expenditures in the Transcarpathian region, which most suffers from floods, were the lowest: they were 46 times lower than expenditures on adaptation measures in the Dnipropetrovsk region, which actively allocated funds for clearing riverbeds and strengthening the river banks. During 2016-2018, almost USD 110 million were proved to be spent on adaptation measures in Ukraine. The main source of funds were local budgets, in particular regional environmental funds. Green bonds are determined to become a promising source of funding for adaptation measures in Ukraine. For the first time, the amount of funds required for adaptation measures in Ukraine until 2050 has been partially estimated. It is proved that the only international funds that can provide funding for adaptation measures in Ukraine in late 2020, is the Global Environmental Facility.
Medium-term prospects of the functioning of Ukrainian seaports
Authors:   State Institution ", Fediai Natalia ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of a medium-term forecast of the development of Ukraine's seaports (USP) under pessimistic and optimistic scenarios. It is emphasized that this forecast is an important component of the Industry Development Strategy, as well as a basic element for the development of the Action Plan for the implementation of strategic medium-term development priorities in accordance with the long-term goals. The author carried out a retrospective analysis of the volume of cargo transshipment in Ukrainian seaports, and of selected the indicators on which the forecast model is based, namely: Ukraine's GDP and the volume of world sea freight. The macroeconomic medium-term forecast of Ukraine's GDP for the period up to 2024 was developed by the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and the forecast of the volumes of world sea freight was developed by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Attention is focused on the fact that effective management of the development of seaports in Ukraine depends on the accuracy and reliability of medium-term forecasting. In addition, emphasis is placed on the need to study future trends in the seaports' development, whose foundation is being laid today. For this purpose, the author highlights the economic factors influencing the dynamics of cargo handling in Ukrainian seaports, outlines the global trends influencing the development of global sea freight transportation and operation of seaports, and analyzes various current short-term and medium-term trends in sea freight transportation and functioning of seaports, in particular, in the context of the spread of COVID-19, which affect the seaports' performance. It is proved that the chosen statistical model of forecast calculation is accurate and reliable. The results quoted indicate that the volume of cargo transshipment in Ukrainian seaports for the period up to 2024 will grow in both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. Emphasized the necessity of substantiation of the recommendations to the current Strategy of the Development of Ukrainian Seaports of Ukraine in view of modern tendencies of the industry's development.
Ambient Air Pollution: Health Hazards to Children
Authors: Brumberg Heather L. , Karr Catherine J. , Bole Aparna , Ahdoot Samantha , Balk Sophie J. , Bernstein Aaron S. , Byron Lori G. , Landrigan Philip J. , Marcus Steven M. , Nerlinger Abby L. , Pacheco Susan E. , Woolf Alan D. , Zajac Lauren , Baum Carl R. , Campbell Carla C. , Sample Jennifer A. , Spanier Adam J. , Trasande Leonardo
Published: May 2021

Ambient air pollution is produced by sources including vehicular traffic, coal-fired power plants, hydraulic fracturing, agricultural production, and forest fires. It consists of primary pollutants generated by combustion and secondary pollutants formed in the atmosphere from precursor gases. Air pollution causes and exacerbates climate change, and climate change worsens health effects of air pollution. Infants and children are uniquely sensitive to air pollution, because their organs are developing and they have higher air per body weight intake. Health effects linked to air pollution include not only exacerbations of respiratory diseases but also reduced lung function development and increased asthma incidence. Additional outcomes of concern include preterm birth, low birth weight, neurodevelopmental disorders, IQ loss, pediatric cancers, and increased risks for adult chronic diseases. These effects are mediated by oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, endocrine disruption, and genetic and epigenetic mechanisms across the life span. Natural experiments demonstrate that with initiatives such as increased use of public transportation, both air quality and community health improve. Similarly, the Clean Air Act has improved air quality, although exposure inequities persist. Other effective strategies for reducing air pollution include ending reliance on coal, oil, and gas; regulating industrial emissions; reducing exposure with attention to proximity of residences, schools, and child care facilities to traffic; and a greater awareness of the Air Quality Index. This policy reviews both short- and long-term health consequences of ambient air pollution, especially in relation to developmental exposures. It examines individual, community, and legislative strategies to mitigate air pollution.
Characteristic of exocrine function of the pancreas in premature newborns
Authors:   Republican Perinatal Center, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Fazylova A.Sh. , Akhmedova D.I. ,   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatrics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Kamilova A.T. ,   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatrics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khasanova S.S. ,   Republican Perinatal Center, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

Premature babies in early postnatal ontogenesis are characterized by the immaturity of many functional systems, including the digestive system. The imperfection of the motor-evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract in them is combined with insufficient activity of the enzyme systems, the peculiarities of the formation of the microbial landscape of the colon, which contributes to the development of digestive dysfunctions and complicates enteral feeding, especially in deeply premature infants. In order to determine the parameters pancreatic elastase (PE) in premature infants, depending on the gestational age and the nature of feeding, 135 newborns were examined (108 premature infants with a gestational age of 22 to 32 weeks and 27 term infants). All children underwent a general clinical examination, as well as a study for PE on the 13–14th day of life, when the volume of enteral nutrition reached 70 percent or more. Analysis of the study results revealed a clear relationship between the degree of prematurity and the severity of pancreatic insufficiency. A clear relationship between fecal elastase indicators and the type of feeding was determined. The most favorable situation is observed in exclusively breastfed children, who have the highest fecal elastase values, which practically do not differ from the control values. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: premature, elastase, pancreatic insufficiency.
Modern approaches to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in children according to the latest recommendations of the European Organization for the Study of Crohn's disease and colitis, and the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Okhotnikova O.M. ,   Kyiv Children's Specialized Clinic «OHMADYT», Kyiv, Ukraine, Tkacheva T.M. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv,   Kyiv Children's Specialized Clinic «OHMADYT», Kyiv, Ukraine, Romanchuk A.A. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Grishchenko O.M. ,   Kyiv Children's Specialized Clinic «OHMADYT», Kyiv, Ukraine, Semenenko L.V. ,   Kyiv Children's Specialized Clinic «OHMADYT», Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Modern outpatient management of ulcerative colitis (UC) continues to be a difficult task, as 20% of children still need colectomy (there are no official statistics for Ukraine). Therefore, the European Organization for the Study of Crohn's Disease and Colitis (ECCO) and the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists (ESPGHAN), seeking to standardize the daily treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), have developed a protocol for the management and treatment of children with VC. Based on the analysis of medical research, followed by an evidentiary assessment of each provision, the 2012 recommendations were updated. The aim is to present the provisions of the updated protocol on therapeutic management of children with ulcerative colitis and to consolidate the material on a clinical case. Materials and methods. The article presents updated recommendations of ECCO and ESPGHAN (2018) on the treatment of COPD in children, the algorithm of induction and maintenance of remission of UC and COPD unclassified. A clinical case is given for an example of application of the algorithm of induction and support of remission of IBD at children, assessment of severity and the scheme of management of patients with this pathology is provided. Results and conclusions. The updated recommendations of ECCO and ESPGHAN facilitate the treatment of unclassified UC and IBD, provide a clear scheme for monitoring children with this pathology, which improves treatment outcomes and quality of life of young patients. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: ulcerative colitis, recommendations. children, anti-TNF, calprotectin, unclassified inflammatory bowel disease, monitoring, activity index, treatment.
Music therapy or music philetics in school?
Authors:   PhDr, PhD, Catholic University in Ružomberok, Slovakia, Orieščiková Helena
Published: May 2021

The paper is focused on explaining the concepts of music therapy and music philetics at school. Music philetics is defined as an artistic - pedagogical discipline with a very close relationship with music therapy. It tries to create his own, new ways, procedures with the basis in music therapy, but require a different procedure and approach within the implementation. Music philetics is a newly emerging discipline standing on the border of music education and music therapy. It is beneficial in schools where teachers use different working methods with music, rhythm, and voice. The text deals with comparing concepts and explanations of the primary missions of both music therapy and music philetics in the educational process.
Rethinking teacher training: Covid-19 and the rise of e-learning
Authors:   Dr, University of Zaragoza, Spain, Soler Costa Rebecca , Lafarga Ostáriz Pablo ,   Dr, University of Zaragoza, Spain
Published: May 2021

He Covid-19 pandemic has caused an exponential change in the educational environment. The impact of epidemiological situation has been so powerful, that it can be considered that a new paradigm has been born based on semi-presence as new didactic normality. We witness the new and accelerated context where Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have acquired a greater role than they used to ever have. Under this new perspective, which also involves a strong reflection on the teaching-learning processes, a review of existing technological resources and their functionality at present is proposed. Taking all of this into consideration, during the beginning of the 21st century the technological advances in the field of education have been significant. Management platforms, resources on the Internet, or other media and simultaneous interaction are some of the key tools in a world immersed in a rethinking that goes far beyond a classroom.
Z pragmatyki działalności instruktorów szkolenia ideologicznego nauczycieli u schyłku okresu stalinowskiego na przykładzie miasta Tarnowa i powiatu tarnowskiego
Authors:   Dr, Polskie Towarzystwo Historyczne Oddział w Tarnowie, Polska, Juśko Paweł
Published: May 2021

The article concerns the organization of mass ideological training of teachers in People's Poland in the years 1949-1956. It includes a section related to the activity of poviat ideological training instructors of teachers who were an extremely important link in this process, carried out by the Polish Teachers' Union. The study focuses on the practical side of their activity, consisting primarily in the organization, management and supervision of the work of ideological training teams in schools. This topic is presented based on the example of the activities of the instructors of the city of Tarnów and the Tarnów poviat, at the end of the Stalinist period in the Polish People's Republic. The aim of mass ideological training was to indoctrinate the teaching community so that teachers were ready to implement new curricula, became familiar with the new terminology of philosophy, sociology and political economy, as well as pedagogical sciences based on Marxism-Leninism. Thus, they were to contribute to building a socialist state, in line with the expectations of the communist party.
„W trybie zdalnym …” – nauka – wychowanie – opieka nad uczniami ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi w czasie pandemii. Refleksje i rozterki pedagoga
Authors:   Dr, Uniwersytet Opolski, Polska, Górnicka Beata
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the current issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was announced by the WHO on March 11 2020. The fight against a new, unknown until now disease takes a place all over the world, including our country. All the activities are aimed primarily at stopping the transmission of infections, which is progressing rapidly. One of the prevention actions is lockdown, which is being announced in many countries. It includes the closing of schools and universities and the learning takes place online. Schools, teachers, students and their parents are facing many organizational, technical and adaptation difficulties, which are connected with a distance education. There are many questions, e. g.: “How to overcome the technical problems? What should be more important: the completion of the syllabus or the emotional state of the student? How to work with a student, especially with the younger one or with a special educational needs? The author attempts to show the current situation in the area of realization of online education and care activities in schools. She discuss it basing on the literature and the research with the use of surveys among performed by teachers. The surveyed teachers define the threats and difficulties that are being caused by the necessity of online education. They assess the possibility of completing the tasks for students, especially for those with the special educational needs.
Kohabitacja we współczesnym społeczeństwie polskim – wybór czy konieczność? Analiza socjologiczna
Authors:   Dr, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Markowska Gos Ewa
Published: May 2021

Intensification of cohabitation phenomenon in Poland is commonly discussed i.a. in sociology and media. The exponent of cohabitation is considered to be births outside of wedlock, and the specific indicator should be the percentage of civil unions in the total number of births (National Census). Therefore, the literature on the subject talks about various conditions of this phenomenon, e.g. socio-cultural, economic, individual (even personal). The main goal of this article is an attempt to answer the question: is living in cohabitation nowadays in the Third Polish Republic the result of free choice of an individual in an individualized, like never before society, or is it a necessity- the result of the economic conditions in which he/she lives, due to the fact that she may not always be the creator of her financial situation, and is determined in this area by the requirements of a free market economy, set by the state as an organization of global society?
Analyse der Katalogisierungssituation in Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Sachsen-Anhalts, sowie der Möglichkeiten von kostenfreien Datenübernahmen in nicht cloudbasierten Bibliotheksmanagementsystemen
Authors:   , Kiefer Andrea
Published: May 2021

Öffentliche Bibliotheken sind in Deutschland oft nicht an eine kooperative Katalogisierung in Bibliotheksverbünden angebunden. Durch die Einführung der Katalogisierungsregeln RDA, den Umstieg auf das Datenformat MARC21, aber auch durch die Freigabe der Metadaten einiger Bibliotheksverbünde und der DNB über eine CC0-Lizenz haben sich die grundlegenden Bedingungen der Katalogisierungsarbeit wesentlich verändert. Die Analyse einer durchgeführten Onlineumfrage beantwortet die Frage, ob die hauptamtlich geführten Öffentlichen Bibliotheken des Bundeslandes Sachsen-Anhalts diese Umstellung vollzogen haben. In Expertengesprächen wurden die technischen Möglichkeiten der eingesetzten Bibliotheksmanagementsysteme abgefragt und den Antworten der Bibliotheken gegenübergestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass bei einer großen Anzahl der Bibliotheken die Umstellung auf die neuen Anforderungen noch nicht vollzogen wurde und die neuen Möglichkeiten der Fremddatenübernahme häufig nicht genutzt werden oder nicht bekannt sind. In einem Konzeptvorschlag ist eine mögliche Vorgehensweise für eine Verbesserung der derzeitigen Situation im Zusammenhang mit der Umgestaltung des ÖVK ausgearbeitet. Dieses Konzept wird ergänzt durch Anleitungen und Leitfäden, in denen exemplarisch die möglichen Fremddatenübernahmen gezeigt werden.
Estratégias para o transtorno do espectro autista: interação social e intervenções terapêuticas
Authors: Nascimento Iramar Baptistella do , Bitencourt Cristiano Rech , Fleig Raquel
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores que dificultam as intervenções terapêuticas motoras em crianças com transtorno do espectro autista. Métodos: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus e LILACS. Uma pesquisa de literatura cinzenta foi conduzida com acadêmico do Google. PRISMA foi usado, bem como a análise de risco de viés adaptada do Cochrane Manual para ensaios clínicos e, para outros estudos, foi utilizada a lista de verificação Downs e Black. Resultados: Dezessete artigos científicos foram incluídos na análise de síntese qualitativa sobre estratégias para interação social e motora em pacientes com transtorno do espectro autista. Quatorze artigos científicos alcançaram pontuações aceitáveis na escala de Downs e Black, e três ensaios clínicos indicaram domínios satisfatórios. Pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista apresentaram percentuais acima de 30%, com dificuldades de comportamentos sociáveis, de aprendizagem e de comunicação. O diagnóstico adequado e a preconização de um plano de tratamento para o desenvolvimento da motricidade são estratégias fundamentais e de ordem prioritária, uma vez que possibilitarão uma análise quantitativa ao longo da vida do autista, assim como proporcionarão uma maior viabilidade de análise das habilidades cognitivas. Conclusão: A dificuldade de comportamento social do indivíduo com transtorno do espectro autista pode ser o ponto-alvo nas suas limitações de aprendizagem motora. Portanto, a concepção metodológica com a prática de imitação, associada a uma dinâmica prazerosa do exercício rítmico, é a melhor sugestão para contemplar o direcionamento das pesquisas contemporâneas, uma vez que, quando prevalece a inter-relação entre interação social, aprendizagem motora e percepções sensoriais, os desfechos são mais significativos para essas crianças.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Fusarium concolor and inhibition of plant pathogens
Authors: Almeida Alex-Sandra Farias de , Corrêa Junior Ary , Bentes Jânia Lilia da Silva
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT O uso de nanopartículas (NPs) na agricultura, representa uma importante inovação tecnológica, utilizada na produção de nanofertilizantes, nanocidas ou pesticidas encapsulados em nanopartículas para liberação controlada. As NPs de prata são reconhecidas por suas aplicações na agricultura, biotecnologia, medicina. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a síntese de nanopartículas de prata por Fusarium concolor endofíticos obtidos de folhas e sementes de guaranazeiro e avaliar a atividade antifúngica das nanopartículas de prata no controle in vitro dos fitopatógenos Colletotrichum guaranicola, Colletotrichum spp. e Corynespora cassiicola. Quatro isolados de Fusarium concolor endofíticos foram utilizados para a produção de nanopartículas de prata. A caracterização das NPs foi realizada por espectroscopia de UV-Vis e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Foram avaliados crescimento mycelial dos fitopatógenos na presença das AgNPs in vitro e foi observado evidenciando atividade antifúngica principalmente contra o fitopatógeno Colletotrichum guaranicola, sugerindo a possibilidade de utilização de nanopartículas de prata biossintetizadas manejo de fitopatógenos como uma alternativa no controle de doenças.
A dimensão literária do diagnóstico do presente em Foucault
Authors: Galantin Daniel Verginelli
Published: May 2021

Resumo Neste artigo, propõe-se uma investigação sobre a definição foucaultiana do papel da filosofia enquanto a construção de um diagnóstico do presente. Sustenta-se que o pensamento de Foucault em torno à figura do diagnóstico incorpora algumas de suas considerações sobre a linguagem e literatura modernas. Destaca-se essa apropriação notadamente a partir dos temas do apagamento do rosto, a relação entre linguagem e morte, e seu artigo sobre Georges Bataille. Para sustentar essa hipótese de leitura, elenca-se uma série de encadeamentos e deslocamentos de ideias em textos de diferentes momentos de Foucault, o que sugere a existência de uma dimensão literária do diagnóstico. Termina-se, apresentando algumas repercussões ético-políticas de todas essas considerações em alguns dos seus textos derradeiros. Com isso, sugere-se que há, da parte de Foucault, um prolongado diálogo e apropriação de certos elementos do pensamento literário. Esse diálogo e apropriação podem ser encontrados em meio às suas considerações sobre história e sobre o funcionamento de seus próprios livros enquanto livros-experiência.
O tempo como critério de verificação da possibilidade do discurso filosófico
Authors: Cruz Estevão Lemos
Published: May 2021

Resumo O objetivo principal do presente estudo é identificar o tempo como o critério de verificação da possibilidade de um discurso filosófico, isto é, de uma possibilidade discursiva ser capaz de falar adequadamente acerca das palavras fundamentais. Para tanto, interessará mostrar como o tempo é o elemento vinculador das condições de possibilidade do enunciado em geral e como este se fundamenta na estrutura imprópria da temporalidade. Tal prerrogativa é o que inviabiliza o enunciado tratar adequadamente qualquer palavra fundamental. Caberá, então, afirmar que somente uma possibilidade discursiva que se fundamente na estrutura própria da temporalidade poderá ter um acesso adequado às palavras fundamentais.
Valores, Verdade e Investigação: uma alternativa pragmatista ao não cognitivismo de Russell
Authors: Cunha Ivan Ferreira da
Published: May 2021

Resumo Este artigo apresenta um referencial pragmatista para compreender o estatuto epistêmico da valoração que é produzida na reflexão acerca das consequências sociais de propostas científicas e tecnológicas. O problema é posto, seguindo-se as considerações de Bertrand Russell sobre o impacto da ciência na sociedade. Russell argumenta que a valoração de arranjos sociais fica fora dos limites do conhecimento, porque valorações não podem ser verdadeiras ou falsas, em sentido correspondencial. Isso leva o pensamento social a um impasse, pois não se pode saber que dado arranjo social seria indesejável ou inadequado. Este texto esboça uma alternativa, a partir dos trabalhos sobre valoração de Clarence Irving Lewis, tomados em continuidade com a teoria da investigação de John Dewey. Esse referencial alternativo assume noções epistêmicas de verdade e justificação, o que permite que valorações possam ser concebidas em contextos de investigação e, assim, como objetos de conhecimento.
Capitalismo como prática social?: os potenciais e desafios de uma aproximação entre o practice turn em teoria social e a interpretação do capitalismo
Authors: Hora Leonardo da
Published: May 2021

Resumo Este artigo procura apresentar e discutir tentativas recentes em filosofia social de analisar e interpretar o capitalismo, a partir de uma perspectiva praxeológica. O practice turn em teoria social procurou superar o dualismo entre agência e estrutura, ou entre ação e sistema, por meio da noção de prática social. Seria possível então interpretar o capitalismo como um tipo especifico de prática social? Para tentar encaminhar essa questão, explicita-se brevemente, em um primeiro momento, em que consiste o practice turn em teoria social. Num segundo momento, analisa-se e se discute a proposta de Rahel Jaeggi de conceber a economia como uma rede de práticas sociais. Em seguida, expõe-se e se avalia a tentativa de Christian Lotz em ver, no dinheiro, a chave para compreender aquilo que ele chama de esquema capitalista. Por fim, conclui-se, chamando a atenção para os potenciais e desafios ligados ao empreendimento de interpretar o capitalismo em função de uma teoria da prática, sugerindo que um aprofundamento na análise da imaginação especificamente capitalista, vinculando-a com a típica plasticidade e diversidade do capitalismo, possa ajudar a avançar nesse campo.
Avaliação de programas comunitários de atividade física no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Silva Alanna Gomes da , Prates Elton Junio Sady , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Os programas comunitários de atividade física foram criados para incentivar e aumentar esta atividade na população brasileira e promover hábitos de vida saudável. O Ministério da Saúde investiu na avaliação desses programas e consolidou parcerias que favoreceram a construção de importantes marcos sobre o tema. Este estudo objetivou identificar e sintetizar as evidências científicas sobre as abordagens e resultados das avaliações realizadas no Programa Academia da Saúde e Programa Academia da Cidade. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo baseada na metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Utilizaram-se as bases MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, Scopus e Cochrane, o site do Programa Academia da Saúde, o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. Incluíram-se estudos primários quantitativos ou qualitativos, sem limite temporal. Selecionaram-se 24 publicações entre 2009 e 2020, que foram subdivididas de acordo com as abordagens da avaliação: avaliabilidade, sustentabilidade, processo (oferta e estrutura), resultado (impacto e satisfação) e grau de inferência (adequação, plausibilidade e probabilidade). Os resultados das avaliações mostraram que os programas oferecem diversas atividades, impactam positivamente nos indicadores de saúde dos usuários e contribuem para o aumento de atividade física no lazer. A avaliação desses programas é fundamental para a gestão, serviços de saúde e profissionais, pois permite verificar a implementação das ações propostas, a cobertura, o acesso e o impacto, bem como a interferência do contexto político na sua continuidade.
MENSAGENS DA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA EM TEXTOS DE MATERIAIS CURRICULARES EDUCATIVOS: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA DIMENSÃO INTERACIONAL
Authors: LIMA REINALDO FEIO , OLIVEIRA ANDRÉIA MARIA PEREIRA DE
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar e caracterizar as variações na mensagem que ocorrem na dimensão interacional, no que diz respeito à prática pedagógica escolar representada nos textos dos materiais curriculares educativos. Utilizamos o método qualitativo e a análise documental como procedimento. A teoria de Basil Bernstein foi o referencial teórico-metodológico, em especial, utilizamos o conceito de enquadramento no estudo. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que é perceptível a explicitação dos conteúdos de Geometria e Álgebra, no que se refere ao que ensinar e ao como ensinar, o uso sequenciado reprodutivo da tarefa matemática. Também com base nos resultados, identificamos que a mensagem em textos de materiais curriculares educativos caracteriza um forte controle do(a) professor(a) em relação às regras discursivas, seleção, sequenciamento, ritmagem e critérios de avaliação. Houve uma variação na intensidade do controle, quando professores e estudantes compartilharam a resolução da tarefa matemática. Além disso, o(a) professor(a) proporcionou uma comunicação aberta e um engajamento maior aos estudantes durante os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem.
Híbridos de grafeno/montmorillonita e óxido de grafeno/montmorillonita como nanomateriais funcionais: uma visão da literatura atual
Authors: Nunes Filho F. G. , Alves A. P. M. , Nascimento T. R. L. , Castellano L. R. C. , Fonseca M. G.
Published: May 2021

Resumo Os híbridos derivados de grafeno ou óxido de grafeno e o argilomineral montmorillonita são materiais cuja matriz do filossilicato oferece estabilização das camadas nanométricas das estruturas carbonáceas, além de melhoramento das propriedade físico-químicas e da biocompatibilidade. Por sua vez, o grafeno e seus derivados agregam novas funcionalidades à montmorillonita e ao aumento da reatividade. Os materiais funcionais resultantes do sinergismo entre os constituintes têm sido explorados em diferentes aplicações, como em processos de remediação ambiental por meio de adsorção e catálise, ciência de materiais, áreas biológicas e biomédicas. No âmbito dessa revisão, as principais rotas para obtenção dos híbridos de grafeno e derivados com montmorillonita são apresentadas, relacionando os fatores estruturais e interações entre os constituintes para formação dos compósitos. Ainda os principais métodos de caracterização são discutidos e as aplicações mais recentes são relacionadas às características estruturais, morfológicas, térmicas e texturais.
Spoligotyping, genotyping, and spatial distribution of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle in the state of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Santos Evelin S.V. , Alzamora Filho Fernando , Santos Bruno R. , Silva Alana V. , Gomes Harrison M. , Suffys Philip N. , Costa Joselito N.
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium bovis is responsible for bovine and buffalo tuberculosis, an important zoonotic disease with global distribution. The knowledge of the distribution and the precise identification of this disease, including advanced diagnoses such as spoligotyping, allows choosing the best strategies to fight the disease’s progress. The present work aimed to investigate mycobacteria’s presence, genotype their strains, and evaluate tuberculosis cases’ spatial distribution from suggestive lesions in carcasses of bovine and buffalo inspected in slaughterhouses under an official inspection regime in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study investigated 453,417 animals. Among these, 31 (0.007%) from 17 municipalities were suspected of tuberculosis. Among the culture medium growth, 95% of these were categorized as alcohol-acid resistant bacilli (BAAR). All isolates were subjected to spoligotyping and 95% were confirmed as M. bovis (SB0120, SB0121, SB0852, SB0828, SB0295, SB0881, SB1648, SB6119, SB0140, SB1055). The strain SB0120 was the most prevalent, and this profile has been described in cases of human tuberculosis by M. bovis, highlighting the zoonotic potential of this profile. This study also identified strains never reported in Bahia, highlighting a distinctive pattern from other parts of Brazil, besides mixed infections. Besides, to identify strains never before described in the state, highlighting a distinctive pattern in Brazil (SB6119 and SB0852, respectively). An unpublished profile was identified and inserted in the international database (Mbovis.org), named SB2715.
Effect of environmental and spatial factors on small-sized fish assemblages in a tropical river
Authors: FERNANDES Izaias Médice , SACOMAN Katiele de Jesus , FARIAS-NETO José Paulo de , SILVA Hugmar Pains da , VENDRUSCOLO Jhony , LOURENÇO Luzia da Silva
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT The river continuum concept predicts that gradual changes in river geomorphology and hydrology can drive longitudinal changes in aquatic community structure. Accordingly, we evaluated how environmental variables (electrical conductivity, pH, water transparency and water velocity), spatial factors (distance from headwaters and Moran’s eigen vector maps - MEMs), and the presence of dams affect small-sized fish assemblages along a 105-km stretch of the upper Branco River, a tributary in the Madeira River, Amazonas Basin, Brazil. Seine-net based collections were carried out at 15 sites up- and downriver from dams during the 2019 dry season. We captured a total of 4,330 individual fish belonging to three orders, nine families and 26 species (and a hybrid individual). Electrical conductivity and pH were affected by the presence of dams and the distance from headwaters. Species richness and abundance did not vary in response to environmental variables. While species richness showed no significant variation along the sampled river section, abundance showed a negative relationship with distance from headwaters. Species composition varied significantly in response to pH, linear spatial factors and the presence of dams. Our results suggest that change in species composition of small-sized fish assemblages in the upper Branco River occurs due to variation in water characteristics, inherent dispersal limitation, and in response to the presence of dams.