bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As finanças da Câmara Municipal de Coimbra nos finais do Antigo Regime (1762-1820) [I]: as receitas
Authors: Barbosa José Luís
Published: October 2020

O presente estudo pretende analisar as receitas próprias da Câmara Municipal de Coimbra, entre 1762 e 1820, através dos Livros de Receita e Despesa, à guarda do Arquivo Histórico Municipal. Trata-se de um período de grandes dificuldades para a gestão camarária coimbrã, que levou à adoção de algumas estratégias e a algumas alterações significativas na forma de arrecadar as receitas. A questão central a que se pretende dar resposta, consiste em averiguar se as dificuldades de financiamento condicionavam o desempenho das suas múltiplas funções. Neste sentido, procura-se apresentar a estrutura dos rendimentos, explicando cada uma das categorias de receita, a forma como eram arrecadadas e a sua evolução ao longo da cronologia; analisar a evolução das receitas, em confronto com a evolução da despesa e dos saldos; identificar as semelhanças e diferenças entre o caso de Coimbra e o de outras câmaras municipais contemporâneas, assinalando características comuns e especificidades locais; numa análise de longa duração, elaboramos uma comparação com as finanças coimbrãs seiscentistas, indicando as continuidades e ruturas na evolução dos rendimentos concelhios. Pretendemos que este estudo carreie, igualmente, um contributo para o conhecimento da conjuntura económica de finais de Antigo Regime.
Criterios a utilizar para la determinación de delimitaciones submunicipales. Referentes aplicados en Andalucía
Authors: Copano Ortiz Luis , Ventura Fernández Jesús
Published: October 2020

El poblamiento es una de las realidades geográficas más incontestables, que posee una clara repercusión en la organización territorial básica del Estado, además de responder a una larga tradición investigadora. No obstante, en muchas ocasiones, sus células elementales —municipios para el caso español— incluyen una diversidad interna de situaciones que conviene conocer a fondo. El objetivo del presente estudio es el de establecer un protocolo común en Andalucía para la delimitación de los términos municipales en subunidades, tal como plantea la normativa autonómica. Se analizan todas aquellas fuentes de información que incorporan delimitaciones submunicipales con el fin de establecer una metodología delimitadora basada en criterios diferenciados (territoriales, históricos, administrativos y de diseño de zonas), con el apoyo además de ejemplos cartográficos levantados a escalas regional y municipal. Los resultados hablan de la diversidad de posibilidades que se encuentran hoy por hoy sobre el territorio andaluz, aunque no sean siempre aplicables en todos los casos. En discusión se revisan las distintas aristas que presenta este procedimiento, así como sus potencialidades e inevitabilidad para una mejor ordenación y gestión de los recursos territoriales. Las conclusiones sintetizan los principales aspectos abordados y abren nuevas líneas de investigación y actuación para el futuro.
Risk Factor Profiles Can Distinguish Esophageal Adenocarcinoma From Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: Sawas Tarek , Dilmaghani Saam , Dhaliwal Lovekirat , Wang Kenneth K. , Iyer Prasad G. , Katzka David A.
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION:

It is assumed that screening risk factors for Barrett's esophagus (BE) and prevalent esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are the same.

METHODS:

A matched case-control study comparing risk factors between EAC and BE was performed.

RESULTS:

In 1,356 patients (678 with EAC and 678 with BE), heartburn (52.7%), diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and metabolic syndrome were less common in EAC (52.7, 29.2, 45.7, 48.2, 12, and 28.5%, resp.) compared with BE (84.5, 37.6, 82.2, 64.6, 18.4, and 44.1%, P < 0.01). Mean alanine aminotransferase and HgA1c levels were also significantly lower in EAC compared with BE.

DISCUSSION:

Optimal strategies for screening for prevalent EAC may be different than that for BE.
Zur Gestaltung transdisziplinärer und transformativer Forschungsprozesse: Lernen von Beispielen aus der Forschungspraxis
Authors: Zscheischler Jana
Published: October 2020

Praxisakteure und Forscher(innen) gehen mit unterschiedlichen Vorstellungen in transdisziplinäre und transformative Forschungsprojekte. Zwei Sammelbände stellen Methoden vor, die im Zuge der Reallaborforschung in Baden-Württemberg (BaWü-Labs) getestet wurden
und die helfen, verschiedene Bedarfe und Ziele der Forschungspartner zu versöhnen.
Designing transdisciplinary projects for collaborative policy-making: TheIntegration and Implementation Sciencesframework as a tool for reflection
Authors: Robson-Williams Melissa , Small Bruce , Robson-Williams Roger
Published: October 2020

Collaborative policy-making has increased in New Zealand, and with it has brought new demands for supporting research. As a tool for reflection of projects where both research and societal outcomes of policy and practice change are pursued and multiple knowledges are recognised, we use theIntegration and Implementation Sciencesframework. We present insights for the design and implementation of transdisciplinary research from theSelwyn Waihora Project, which aimed to produce socially robust information to support land and water policy-making in New Zealand’s South Island.TheSelwyn Waihora Projectwas a research project supporting a collaborative policy-making process to set environmental limits in the Selwyn Waihora catchment in New Zealand’s South Island. In thisDesign Reportwe reflect on this project based on data collected from a range of project participants approximately two years after project completion. The data collection was guided by theIntegration and Implementation Sciencesframework(i2S). On the basis of participant responses, and the authors’ first-hand experiences working on the project, we present insights for transdisciplinary research. Through the questions asked by thei2Sframework insights emerged on: what it means to honour community values; the importance of context but that projects can pay too much attention to it; boundary objects to foster integration across multiple knowledge systems; the value of intra-team narratives for translation; the importance of considering the losers of the research; and sharing the burden of uncertainty.
Hannah Arendt i badanie antysemityzmu. Antysemityzm jako totemizm
Authors: Tokarska-Bakir Joanna
Published: October 2020

This article is based on the available philosophical and historical Holocaust studies and offers a critical review of the reception of Hannah Arendt’s philosophical concepts of antisemitism and Jewish history, including Shoah.
Added Value of Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) for the Georgia-Azerbaijan Border Regions
Authors: Dvalishvili Tinatini
Published: October 2020

The European context of cooperation across borders demonstrates how it engages all stakeholders from a variety of territorial levels in an intensive, collaborative dialog. This approach makes bordering regions more resilient to current and predictable threats, and is largely focused on the practical problem-solving of local needs. Regardless of the (non)material benefits the European cross-border perspective provides, the situation remains very different in the Azerbaijan-Georgia cross-border reality, where the traditional understanding of borders continues to prevail. A field inquiry has shown that territorial local communities have not had a homogenous attitude towards the borderline and their neighbors, and that local municipalities lack the power and credibility to deal with local challenges autonomously. Unlike the European CBC, this cross-border context does not include the elements of bottom-up cross-border planning and locally institutionalized forms of collaboration.
Współczesne próby opisania narodu. Typologia stanowisk
Authors: Wójcik Stanisław
Published: October 2020

Artykuł recenzyjny
Trial Within a Reasonable Time and the Impact of Justice Reform in Albania
Authors: Bara Jonad , Bara Brunilda
Published: October 2020

Since becoming a potential candidate country for the EU accession in 2000 and in particular after being granted candidate status in June 2014, Albania has taken many positive steps to meet the necessary standards for its EU integration, through among other things, strengthening democracy and the rule of law and the harmonization of its national legislation with the acquis communautaire. In 2016, as part of the pre-conditions for the opening of the accession negotiations for the country, the Albanian Parliament passed a major justice reform which brought about many constitutional and legislative changes, as well as changes to the organization and functioning of justice institutions in Albania. A key component of the reform was the transitional re-evaluation of judges and prosecutors (also known as the vetting process). While the reform itself was supported and praised by the EU and international institutions, the vetting process has affected the functioning of the Albanian judiciary at all levels. The paralysis of the justice system due to the low number of judges who successfully passed the vetting process, as well as the resignation of many others, has significantly increased the backlog and the number of pending cases before the courts. Thus, the aim of the paper is to analyze the influence of the justice reform on individual’s right to a fair trial within a reasonable time in Albania and state’s obligations to guarantee this right as provided by the Constitution of Albania and the European Convention on Human Rights.
Effects of Isolated and Combined Ingestion of Sodium Bicarbonate and β-Alanine on Combat Sports Athletes' Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lopes-Silva João Paulo , Franchini Emerson
Published: October 2020

This systematic review analyzed the isolated and combined effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and beta-alanine (β-alanine) supplementation on combat sports athletes' performance. Using the PRISMA guidelines, studies were identified through 3 databases and only 10 articles were included, 6 investigated the isolated ingestion of NaHCO3, 3 investigated isolated ingestion of β-alanine, whereas only 1 investigated the coingestion of NaHCO3 and β-alanine on combat sports performance. The results showed that both acute isolated ingestion and chronic isolated ingestion of NaHCO3 and chronic β-alanine are effective to improve combat sports athletes' performance and the coingestion of β-alanine and NaHCO3 resulted in additional improvements.
Optimizing Exercise Selection for the Asymmetric Athlete After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ogborn Dan
Published: October 2020

Persistent deficits in quadriceps strength occur after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and should be addressed to facilitate safe return to sport. Asymmetric movement patterns that shield the affected knee by shifting demands to the unaffected lower extremity, or other joints within the affected limb, may limit the ability of common strength training exercises to effectively mitigate quadriceps weakness. A multifaceted approach focusing on the early restoration of symmetrical loading during the squat, programming isolated knee extensions, and varying exercise selection to include split-stance positions, such as the split-squat and lunge, may result in the successful restoration of quadriceps strength after ACL reconstruction.
Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Possible Consequences on Manufacturing
Authors: Monostori László , Váncza József
Published: October 2020

Manufacturing became one of the main targets of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Important questions such as how to deal with the drastic changes (up and down) in demand, and how to keep production ongoing with a decimated workforce and crippled supply chains arose. This technical note gives a short assessment of the praiseworthy reactions of the manufacturing industry, which prevented society from sinking into an even deeper crisis. The pandemic, at the same time, pointed out some weaknesses of present-day manufacturing. Possible long-term consequences of the lessons given and perhaps learned are summarized herein, with a focus on substantial changes and new paradigms that could provide an appropriate armory for the manufacturing industry when responding to similar or even more drastic situations in the future. However, it is yet undecided as to whether the ongoing changes in manufacturing will be accelerated or dismissed, causing manufacturers to fall back into the old groove. Some related questions and dilemmas are also exposed in the end of the paper.
Prenatal Opioid Exposure Enhances Responsiveness to Future Drug Reward and Alters Sensitivity to Pain: A Review of Preclinical Models and Contributing Mechanisms
Authors: Grecco Gregory G. , Atwood Brady K.
Published: October 2020

The opioid crisis has resulted in an unprecedented number of neonates born with prenatal opioid exposure (POE); however, the long-term effects of POE on offspring behavior and neurodevelopment remain relatively unknown. The advantages and disadvantages of the various preclinical POE models developed over the last several decades are discussed in the context of clinical and translational relevance. Although considerable and important variability exists among preclinical models of POE, the examination of these preclinical models has revealed that opioid exposure during the prenatal period contributes to maladaptive behavioral development as offspring mature including an altered responsiveness to rewarding drugs and increased pain response. The present review summarizes key findings demonstrating the impact of POE on offspring drug self-administration (SA), drug consumption, the reinforcing properties of drugs, drug tolerance, and other reward-related behaviors such as hypersensitivity to pain. Potential underlying molecular mechanisms which may contribute to this enhanced addictive phenotype in POE offspring are further discussed with special attention given to key brain regions associated with reward including the striatum, prefrontal cortex (PFC), ventral tegmental area (VTA), hippocampus, and amygdala. Improvements in preclinical models and further areas of study are also identified which may advance the translational value of findings and help address the growing problem of POE in clinical populations.
Biological Action Identification Does Not Require Early Visual Input for Development
Authors: Rajendran Siddhart S. , Bottari Davide , Shareef Idris , Pitchaimuthu Kabilan , Sourav Suddha , Troje Nikolaus F. , Kekunnaya Ramesh , Röder Brigitte
Published: October 2020

Visual input during the first years of life is vital for the development of numerous visual functions. While normal development of global motion perception seems to require visual input during an early sensitive period, the detection of biological motion (BM) does not seem to do so. A more complex form of BM processing is the identification of human actions. Here, we tested whether identification rather than detection of BM is experience dependent. A group of human participants who had been treated for congenital cataracts (CC; of up to 18 years in duration, CC group) had to identify ten actions performed by human line figures. In addition, they performed a coherent motion (CM) detection task, which required identifying the direction of CM amid the movement of random dots. As controls, developmental cataract (DC) reversal individuals (DC group) who had undergone the same surgical treatment as CC group were included. Moreover, normally sighted controls were tested both with vision blurred to match the visual acuity (VA) of CC individuals [vision matched (VM) group] and with full sight [sighted control (SC) group]. The CC group identified biological actions with an extraordinary high accuracy (on average ∼85% correct) and was indistinguishable from the VM control group. By contrast, CM processing impairments of the CC group persisted even after controlling for VA. These results in the same individuals demonstrate an impressive resilience of BM processing to aberrant early visual experience and at the same time a sensitive period for the development of CM processing.
Effects of iodine supplementation during pregnancy on pregnant women and their offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials over the past 3 decades
Authors: Nazeri Pantea , Shariat Mamak , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: October 2020

Objective

The current systematic review aimed to provide comprehensive data on the effects of iodine supplementation in pregnancy and investigate its potential benefits on infant growth parameters and neurocognitive development using meta-analysis.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted on trials published from January 1989 to December 2019 by searching MEDLINE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar. For most maternal and neonatal outcomes, a narrative synthesis of the data was performed. For birth anthropometric measurements and infant neurocognitive outcomes, the pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were estimated using fixed/random effect models.

Results

Fourteen trials were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review, of which five trials were included in the meta-analysis. Although the findings of different thyroid parameters are inconclusive, more consistent evidence showed that iodine supplementation could prevent the increase in thyroglobulin concentration during pregnancy. In the meta-analysis, no differences were found in weight (−0.11 (95% CI: −0.23 to 0.01)), length (−0.06 (95% CI: −0.21 to 0.09)), and head circumference (0.26 (95% CI: −0.35 to 0.88)) at birth, or in cognitive (0.07 (95% CI: −0.07 to 0.20)), language (0.06 (95% CI: −0.22 to 0.35)), and motor (0.07 (95% CI: −0.06 to 0.21)) development during the first 2 years of life in infants between the iodine-supplemented and control groups.

Conclusion

Iodine supplementation during pregnancy can improve the iodine status in pregnant women and their offspring; however, according to our meta-analysis, there was no evidence of improved growth or neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants of iodine-supplemented mothers.
A Conserved NRDE-2/MTR-4 Complex Mediates Nuclear RNAi in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Wan Gang , Yan Jenny , Fei Yuhan , Pagano Daniel J , Kennedy Scott
Published: October 2020

Small regulatory RNAs such as siRNAs regulate splicing, transcription, and genome integrity in many eukaryotes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, siRNAs bind nuclear Argonautes, which interact with homologous.....
Process optimization of β-glucosidase production by a mutant strain, Aspergillus niger C112
Authors: Zhan Peng , Sun Jingjing , Wang Fang , Zhang Lin , Chen Jienan
Published: October 2020

Enzymatic saccharification is a key step in the green conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels and other products. A key deficiency in common biocatalytic systems, such as Trichoderma reesei, is the insufficient presence of β-glucosidase (BGL). This study intended to develop an efficient process of BGL production as an enhancement to the T. reesei system. The authors investigated the process optimization of BGL by the mutant strain Aspergillus niger C112, which was previously developed in the authors’ laboratory. The culture medium and process (carbon, nitrogen, temperature, and pH) were optimized for cost-effective BGL production, which led to a maximum BGL activity of 8.91 ± 0.35 U/mL. In addition, the dynamics of the physio-chemical parameters (zeta potential and dissolved organic matter) of the process were studied and showed good correlations to the yield of BGL. Furthermore, a three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy was successfully applied for analyzing the component, origin, and dynamics of dissolved organic matter, which contributed to a further understanding and optimization of BGL production.
Hydrogen-rich syngas production via catalytic gasification of sewage sludge and wheat straw using corn stalk char-supported catalysts
Authors: Shang Shuang , Guo Chaoqiang , Lan Kui , Li Zeshan , He Weitao , Qin Zhenhua , Li Jianfen
Published: October 2020

The co-gasification of wheat straw and wet sewage sludge for hydrogen-rich gas production was investigated in a fixed bed reactor with corn stalk char (CSC)-supported catalysts. The Ni/CSC, Ni-Fe/CSC, and Ni-Fe-La/CSC catalysts were characterized via ultimate analysis, X-ray fluorescence, thermogravimetric, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. A series of experiments were performed to explore the effects of reactor temperature, catalyst type, moisture content of wet sludge, and catalyst recycling performance on the composition and yield of gasification gases. The experiments demonstrated that the nickel-iron alloy (Fe0.64Ni0.36) was detected in the Ni-Fe-La/CSC catalyst, and the Ni-Fe-La/CSC catalyst showed much higher hydrogen production compared with the Ni/CSC and Ni-Fe/CSC catalysts. Furthermore, La2O3 effectively maintained the catalytic performance of the catalyst by relieving carbon deposition. Compared with non-catalyst biomass gasification, H2 yield increased from 3.80 mol/kg to 11.96 mol/kg using Ni-Fe-La/CSC catalyst at 600 °C. The newly developed tri-metallic Ni-Fe-La/CSC catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity for biomass gasification at low temperature.
El humor como vestíbulo del clímax trágico en un relato de Julio Ramón Ribeyro
Authors: Vila Osores Belén
Published: October 2020

Analiza un episodio bufonesco en la diégesis de un cuento limeño intitulado “Mientras arde la vela”, de Julio Ramón Ribeyro. El propósito es detectar un incidente cómico que funcione como espacio vestibular de clímax trágico, en el contexto de un relato urbano caracterizado por amparar comarcas temáticas como la alienación, la resignación, el desamor, la somnolencia. La risa en este episodio conlleva el dolor, lo cómico lleva implícito lo trágico. A estos presupuestos teóricos se asocia el estudio flosófco acerca del desnivel que produce la risa, y que es abordado por Alfred Stern y Henri Bergson. Estos diálogos permiten comprender la función del recurso del humor en el texto, previo al momento trágico que se desencadenará en el desenlace.
Teorías sociales desde América Latina
Authors: Olano Alor Aldo
Published: October 2020

Se propone evidenciar la colonialidad del saber al interior de las ciencias sociales en América Latina y apela a teorías inmersas en el debate organizado alrededor del nuevo paradigma, el posoccidentalismo. Para entender la expansión a escala regional de esta colonialidad, el primer acápite recurre a una metodología transdisciplinar sobre la formación de un conocimiento para los estudios de la sociedad, el científco-racional,en particular el posicionamiento global del método cartesiano como fundamento del saber científco; el segundo, revisa la institucionalización de las ciencias sociales y la misión asignada: fundación de facultades y departamentos en las universidades de la región, agrupando las disciplinas y profesionales encargados de estudiar la sociedad en sus componentes. Estos fueron los mecanismos para preservar la colonialidad delsaber en relevantes círculos académicos e intelectuales del continente.
¿En octubre no hay milagros es una novela de tesis fallida por la ideología representada?
Authors: Babilonia Carlos Lhoid Margarita
Published: October 2020

La novela de Oswaldo Reynoso, En octubre no hay milagros (1965), ha recibido críticas por su lenguaje exagerado y la representación hiperbolizada de sus protagonistas. Sin embargo, sobre la intencionalidad del mensaje y su fuerte carga ideológica se ha explorado poco; no obstante presentar contraposición de los espacios urbano-marginales, el cuestionamiento de ideología del sujeto dominante, la participación continua de la voz del narrador, el lenguaje diferenciador y la crítica mordaz hacia la sociedad peruana, elementos  propios de una novela de tesis, no forma parte de esta clasifcación. Esto se evidencia en la falta de prólogo que sustenta la importancia de una ideología defendida en el texto; además, carece de una propuesta o solución para luchar contra la realidad adversa. Por eso, este estudio propone explicar si acaso se puede considerar esta obra como una novela de tesis fallida.
La obra gráfca de Julio Málaga Grenet en la revista Actualidades
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz Diana Elvira Mercedes
Published: October 2020

Presenta aspectos biográfcos del artista peruano Julio Málaga Grenet (1886-1963) que no han sido atendidos aún por la historia del arte y que permitirán conocer su formación como artista gráfco. Se centra en sus primeros años, el ingreso a la prensa y su profesionalización. A partir de la participación en la revista limeñaActualidades analiza su trabajo en el campo de la ilustración literaria y el dibujo publicitario.
La otredad existencial en la cuentística de Julio Ramón Ribeyro
Authors: Espinoza Aguilar Ronald Antenor
Published: October 2020

La crítica inﬂuenciada por la flosofía marxista y otras tendencias flosófcas ha direccionado el estudio de la narrativa corta ribeyriana hacia aspectos como la marginalidad y el escepticismo. Podría decirse que una obra, aparentemente simple y sencilla como la narrativa corta de Julio Ramón Ribeyro contiene en realidad un universo fccional complejo que no puede ser abordado desde una sola mirada, pues eso nos conduciría solo a ver en los personajes ribeyrianos calcos y copias de clases sociales explotadas o seres grotescos e ilusos dentro de un sistema social injusto. En discordancia con las perspectivas anteriores, planteamos que, si bien el problema de la mímesis está profundamente enraizado en la cuentística ribeyriana y se hace visible a la distancia, no son en su mayoría los problemas sociales o los problemas cognoscitivos los que angustian a sus personajes, sino los problemas existenciales.
El indigenismo peruano (1920-1930) desde dos direcciones ideológicas: el arte y la literatura
Authors: Villanueva Ccahuana Philarine Stefany
Published: October 2020

Se analiza el indigenismo (o indigenismos) que se plantea en los años de 1920 a 1930 en el ámbito de la literatura y el arte. Revisa las propuestas teóricas formuladas por Luis Alberto Sánchez y José Carlos Mariátegui en el campo de la literatura; y de José Sabogal en el arte. El estudio se sustenta en el análisis e interpretación de discursos y (re)examina el indigenismo desde el nivel ideológico de dos disciplinas cuyas particulares formas de concebir el indigenismo no impide la identifcación de planteamientos en común.
El rol de los valores éticos/sociales en la investigación científica del embrión humano y la semilla: trigo
Authors: Apaza Yanarico Agustín
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo se sostiene que en cualquier investigación científica de algún fenómeno u objeto natural es difícil evadir de los componentes éticos-sociales en una actividad científica. Se cuestiona la vieja tendencia tradicional de considerar la ciencia libre de valores. Para mostrar que una investigación está impregnada de valores éticos-sociales, usamos como ejemplo dos objetos naturales: el objeto biológico células madre (el embrión) y la semilla agrícola (el trigo). Para desarrollar el trabajo: primero, presentamos el marco conceptual inmerso en el “modelo epistemológico de la interacción ciencia-valores”; segundo, teorizamos una forma de entendimiento de los objetos naturales o fenómenos; luego se muestra que en ellas son indispensables la intromisión de los valores éticos-sociales en la producción del conocimiento científico.
La prisión: mecanismos de poder, suplicio y exclusión. El fracaso del sistema penitenciario en Los hijos del orden de Luis Urteaga Cabrera
Authors: Olivares Acate César Humberto
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se aborda la manera en que la prisión es representada, dentro de la diégesis de la novela Los hijos del orden, como un instrumento de suplicio y exclusión del sujeto subalterno. En este sentido, la cárcel viene a constituir un claro medio de segregación de las clases oprimidas, cuya represión se encuentra cargada de trasfondos discriminatorios y racistas. Además, en esta misma diégesis se explica el modo en que las modernas reformas del sistema penitenciario fracasan cuando intentan corregir las conductas delictivas de los protagonistas principales de la novela estudiada.
El Conspirador y Blanca sol, el ideal de hombre/mujer en la novelística de Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera
Authors: Barúa Lanchippa Norma Isabel
Published: October 2020

Este artículo propone un análisis epistemológico de la propuesta ideológica de Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera sobre el binomio social hombre/mujer, plasmada en sus artículos académicos, y desarrollada en su novelística. Nuestro postulado es que la escritora peruana fundamenta su proyecto de sociedad liberal a partir del papel que tanto el hombre como la mujer deben jugar para convertirse en la respuesta a los problemas que el Perú afrontaba a finales del siglo XIX. Para ello planteamos a partir de la Teoría de la Complementariedad que, de acuerdo con el pensamiento ideológico cabelliano y siempre desde su narrativa naturalista, los protagonistas de sus dos últimas novelas, El Conspirador y Blanca Sol, representan la antítesis del binomio ideal de hombre/mujer del Perú de cara al siglo XX.
Notas sobre la clase social en “El sueño del pongo” de José María Arguedas
Authors: Mancosu Paola
Published: October 2020

Las ciencias sociales y la literatura han estado en permanente diálogo por diversos temas, así ambas han tratado los complejos asuntos de las clases sociales o el sistema de castas que era estudiado y sistematizado por las ciencias sociales y representado en la literatura: novela, cuentos, tradición oral. Quien articulaba estos dos campos fue José María Arguedas, que gracias a la publicación de su obra antropológica permite hacer estudios comparativos entre ambos campos. En este sentido este artículo se propone analizar el relato “Pongoq mosqiynin/El sueño del pongo” a través de una comparación entre su obra antropológica y el relato, con ello se observará la intervención de Arguedas en las complejas relaciones entre raza y clase.
Posibilidades de la expresión: los problemas del lenguaje en la obra narrativa de Alejandra Pizarnik
Authors: Torres Zuluaga María Guadalupe
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo describe los problemas del lenguaje manifestados por Alejandra Pizarnik (Argentina, 1936-1972) en su obra escritural hasta llegar al punto álgido de estos: el texto en prosa La bucanera de Pernambuco o Hilda la polígrafa (1972), que resulta trascendente por el estilo singular que rompe los moldes de los escritores contemporáneos a ella en Latinoamérica. La ineficaciadel lenguaje para describir a sus designata señalada en este y otros textos será refrendada por los comentarios críticos de algunos de sus estudiosos: Vizcaíno, Piña, Venti, Negroni, entre otros. Afirmamos que La bucanera… es una propuesta de encodificación “caótica” como reacción a la pérdida de poder sufrida por el lenguaje. Esta situación es el hilo conductor de toda la obra pizarnikiana.
La complejidad de la cognición humana: creer
Authors: Castro Figueroa Daniel Alejandro
Published: October 2020

El trabajo a continuación intenta ampliar la perspectiva sobre tipos de creencias en tanto que tradicionalmente solo se ha tomado en cuenta a las creencias del tipo consciente y lingüístico. En otras palabras, se ha asumido que la cognición humana solo crea creencias a partir de nuestra capacidad para producir lenguaje. Contrario a esto, el presente artículo sugiere que la cognición implica un espectro de creencias que también abarca a aquellas que no son lingüísticas ni conscientes, además de que las emociones son creencias en tanto programas proposicionales de supervivencia. Para lograr este objetivo, se utilizarán teorías de la filosofía de la mente, el psicoanálisis contemporáneo, la psicología budista y la neurociencia. A partir de todo lo anterior, la cantidad de creencias que poseemos es bastante más amplia que aquellas de las cuales somos conscientes lingüísticamente.
La inclusión del tiempo en la estructura espacial de Jorge E. Eielson y su expresión plástica a través de la intervención en materiales textiles
Authors: Rodríguez Canales María Milagros
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo, se analiza la existencia de una estructura espacial en la obra de Jorge Eduardo Eielson. Se propone que su sistema incluye la concepción del tiempo como parte integrante del fenómeno espacial y que ello obtiene un co-relato en la obra plástica a partir de la intervención en materiales textiles. Por ello, la exploración del espacio se realizará considerando las nociones abstractas que Eielson desarrolla sobre el mismo, recogidas de sus ensayos, entrevistas y proyectos no objetuales; así como su tránsito hacia formas concretas a través de operaciones materiales sobre telas.
Efficacy and Safety of The Herbal Combination Containing Tropaeoli Majoris Herba and Armoraciae Rusticanae Radix in Patients Suffering from Uncomplicated, Acute Rhinosinusitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Two-Arm, Parallel Group, Phase
Authors: Albrecht Uwe , Stangeb Rainer , Schermuly Nadine
Published: October 2020

Objectives: Demonstration of the efficacy and safety of an herbal combination containing horseradish root and nasturtium herb for the treatment of uncomplicated, acute rhinosinusitis.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-arm, parallel group, multicenter, phase IV clinical study.

Setting: Sixteen centers in Germany, from October 2017 to March 2018.

Participants: Adult patients (≥18 – 75 years, male and female) diagnosed with uncomplicated, acute rhinosinusitis.

Interventions: Participants received the herbal combination or placebo (3 x 4 per day) for 14 days.

Clinical trial registration: EudraCT 2017-002081-40.

Endpoints: Primary endpoint was MRSSinv/MRSSpat documented between day 6 and day 10, computed as AUC, assessed by ANCOVA with day 3 as covariate. MRSSinv/MRSSpat, responder rates, efficacy assessment and SNOT-20 GAV were used as secondary endpoints.

Results: Out of 380 randomized participants, 238 were included in the FAS for statistical analysis. Treatment with the herbal combination revealed a significant smaller AUC (14.99) compared to placebo (18.52, p=0.0003). Moreover, MRSSinv/MRSSpat was significantly lower after administration of the herbal combination in comparison to placebo (3.60 herbal combination vs. 4.40 placebo, p=0.0018). Responder rates were significantly higher at visit 3 of patients receiving the herbal combination compared to placebo (92.1% herbal combination vs. 83.3% placebo, p=0.0418). Adverse events occurred in 21.9% and 18.6% of participants receiving the herbal combination and placebo, respectively. Most common adverse events were headaches and gastrointestinal complaints.

Conclusion: Efficacy and safety of the herbal combination in comparison to placebo were confirmed while the treatment was well tolerated.
Isolation and molecular identification of Aeromonas species from the tank water of ornamental fishes
Authors: Cheok Yi Ying , Puah Suat Moi , Chua Kek Heng , Tan Jin Ai Mary Anne
Published: October 2020

Aeromonads are recognised as important pathogens of fishes. In this study, ten water samples were randomly collected from pet shops' fish tanks and home aquaria inhabited by several fish species (silver arowana, koi, goldfish, catfish, pictus fish, silver shark and silver dollar fish). Altogether 298 colonies were isolated using Aeromonas selective agar. A total of 154 isolates were then confirmed as belonging to the genus Aeromonas using the GCAT gene. Using ERIC-PCR, a total of 40 duplicate isolates were excluded from the study and 114 isolates were subjected to PCR-RFLP targeting the RNA polymerase sigma factor (rpoD) gene using lab-on-chip. A total of 13 different Aeromonas species were identified. The most prevalent species were A. veronii (27%, 31/114), followed by A. dhakensis (17%, 19/114), A. finlandiensis (9%, 10/114), A. caviae (8%, 9/114), A. hydrophila (4%, 4/114), A. jandaei (4%, 4/114), A. rivuli (3%, 3/114), A. enteropelogens (2%, 2/114), A. tecta (2%, 2/114), A. allosaccharophila (1%, 1/114), A. eucrenophila (1%, 1/114), A. media (1%, 1/114) and A. diversa (1%, 1/114). Twenty-six isolates (23%) were unidentifiable at species level. The present study demonstrates that Aeromonas species are highly diverse in freshwater fish tanks, and suggests the potential risks posed by the isolated bacteria to the health of ornamental fish species.
Preliminary test results on gas permeability of soils and geosynthetic clay liners
Authors: Vucenovic Helena , Kovacevic Zelic Biljana , Domitrovic Dubravko
Published: October 2020

The hydraulic permeability of soils is commonly determined by numerous testing methods that are currently available for laboratory and field measurements. However, the aforementioned test methods are not completely appropriate for the gas permeability measurements of soils. There is a growing interest in gas permeability determination mostly for environmental applications and also for geotechnical engineering in general. Special attention is paid to large quantities of biogas produced in landfills. Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) have already been recognised as a highly effective hydraulic barrier, but there has also been a growing interest in assessing the efficiency of GCLs as a gas barrier. The objective of this paper is to develop a simple method for gas permeability testing of GCL samples and bentonite in a triaxial device, comparable with the standard testing methods for hydraulic permeability determination. The first part of the testing procedure comprised eight samples of various soil types, in order to compare the obtained values with similar published test results – that is, to confirm the method. The paper highlights the advantages of the proposed method and suggests some guidelines for further research aimed at improving it.
MoCA as a cognitive assessment tool for absence status epilepticus
Authors: Rodrigues Sofia Grenho , Gouveia Raquel Gil , Bentes Carla
Published: October 2020

De novo absence status is clinically characterized by a confusional syndrome and neurophysiologically by the presence of periodic spike/polyspike‐and‐wave discharges on EEG. The treatment should be started promptly, and fast recovery is usually seen. However, cognitive symptoms can be very difficult to detect, and no consensus exists on how cognitive improvement can be clinically monitored. We report a patient with absence status epilepticus, whose therapeutic response was monitored neurophysiologically with EEG and clinically with a cognitive test; the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Based on this case report, we describe the use of the MoCA for monitoring cognitive function in a patient with absence status epilepticus. MoCA was evaluated on three occasions, with a total score ranging from 9, before treatment, to 23, when an EEG with no epileptiform discharges was obtained. We suggest that MoCA may be a useful tool to monitor cognitive improvement in absence status epilepticus.
The Stock Market–Real Economy "Disconnect": A Closer Look
Authors: Chen Andrew , Ibert Markus F. , Vazquez-Grande Francisco
Published: October 2020

Between March and September 2020, broad equity price indexes around the world experienced a historic rally. Although this rally followed a significant decline in stock prices, it appears difficult to explain due to continuing concerns about the global pandemic and national economies running far below their potentials.
Natural Disasters, Climate Change, and Sovereign Risk
Authors: Mallucci Enrico
Published: October 2020

I investigate how natural disasters can exacerbate fiscal vulnerabilities and trigger sovereign defaults. I extend a standard sovereign default model to include disaster risk and calibrate it to a sample of seven Caribbean countries that are frequently hit by hurricanes. I find that disaster risk reduces government's ability to issue debt and that climate change further restricts government's access to financial markets. Next, I show that "disaster clauses", that provide debt-servicing relief, allow governments to borrow more and preserve government's access to financial markets, amid rising risk of disasters. Yet, debt limits may need to be adopted to avoid overborrowing and a decline of welfare.
Proceso educativo en programas de Arquitectura bajo el aislamiento preventivo obligatorio por causa del COVID-19
Authors: Ayala-Garcia Erika , Hernández-Suárez César , Prada-Nuñez Raul
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: determinar los efectos derivados del paso de la educación presencial a la no presencial con implementación de herramientas TIC dentro de los programas de Arquitectura de Colombia, bajo las categorías de estudio: Docentes y Estudiantes. Método: se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa a nivel transversal descriptivo, bajo la implementación de la herramienta de la Encuesta. Resultados: se resalta que uno de los retos presentes en las instituciones de educación superior corresponde a la capacitación de docentes y estudiantes en relación con el manejo de herramientas y plataformas TIC de ámbito educativo, así como la formulación de estrategias que conlleven a mejorar las prácticas educativas no presenciales. Discusión y Conclusiones: como respuesta a la pandemia del COVID-19, los programas de Arquitectura en Colombia han debido realizar adaptaciones pedagógicas por medio de estrategias no presenciales tales como la utilización de plataformas virtuales y otros elementos tecnológicos.
AIDS and masculinity in the African city
Authors: Musariri Linda , Doyal Lesley
Published: October 2020

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ОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЭКСПЕДИТОРСКИХ УСЛУГ: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Напхоненко Наталья  Васильевна , Караева Марина Руслановна , Новикова Наталья Борисовна
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является теоретическое обоснование и разработка методов оценки качества транспортно-экспедиторского обслуживания грузовых терминальных систем.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЕ
Authors: Бушуев Игорь Венальевич , Нектаревская Юлия Борисовна , Толстокора Олег Николаевич
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является анализ существующих проблем в сфере современного вузовского дистанционного образования и определение перспектив развития дистанционного обучения в высших учебных заведениях с учетом опыта применения соответствующих методик в период пандемии коронавируса в 2020 г. в России, их достоинств и недостатков, выделяемых на основе изучения отношения к ним со стороны профессорско-преподавательского состава и студентов.

Методологическую основу исследования составляют системный, синергетический, кибернетический, личностно-ориентированный, компетентностный подходы к проблеме дистанционного обучения студентов в высших учебных заведениях. Теоретической основой послужили положения специалистов в области применения дистанционных образовательных технологий в образовании. В качестве источниковой базы использовались нормативно-правовые акты в области образования, монографии, материалы конференций, диссертационные исследования, а также материалы всероссийских социологических исследований, посвященных отношению преподавателей и студентов к различным аспектам дистанционного обучения.

Результаты исследования. Опыт активного применения дистанционных методов обучения в современной российской высшей школе в период пандемии 2020 г. свидетельствует о наличии наряду с определенными достоинствами существенных недостатков системы дистанционного обучения, на что явно указывают результаты эмпирических исследований, проведенных в ряде ведущих отечественных университетов. Основными субъектами образовательного процесса качество дистанционного обучения в целом оценивается как более низкое по сравнению с традиционными методиками: многими респондентами, в частности, было отмечено в качестве существенного недостатка дистанционного обучения отсутствие прямого визуального контакта и непосредственного взаимодействия преподавателя со студентами, что обуславливает невозможность осуществления контроля за поведением обучающихся во время занятий и экзаменов. Кроме того, серьезным изъяном дистанционного обучения является отсутствие возможности осуществлять эффективное воспитательное воздействие на обучающихся, что также является значимой целью учебного процесса в вузах. В силу этих причин дистанционное обучение призвано не замещать, а дополнять и обогащать существующие форматы взаимодействия студентов и преподавателей.

Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшее социологическое исследование приобретаемого опыта применения дистанционного обучения в современных российских университетах с целью определения оптимального соотношения используемых технологий обучения, совершенствования вузовских образовательных программ и улучшения информационного ресурсного обеспечения учебного процесса.
СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ ПЕДАГОГОВ ТВОРЧЕСКИХ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: Самыгин Сергей Иванович , Загутин Дмитрий Сергеевич , Шилина Наталья Анатольевна
Published: October 2020

Цель статьи — обоснование необходимости учитывать социокультурные основания эстетического воспитания при формировании педагогов творческих специальностей.

Методологические основания исследования составляют общенаучные принципы объективности, системности и историчности, находящие свое применение в широком пространстве общественного и гуманитарного знания.

Результаты исследования. Эстетическое воспитание педагогов творческих специальностей представляет собой элемент освоения культуры, но подразумевает определенную специфику, связанную с особенностями будущей профессиональной деятельности. Эстетическое воспитание будущих педагогов подразумевает формирование эстетической культуры как интегральной части личности педагога. Освоение эстетической культуры педагогами творческих специальностей подразумевает не только знаниевую, но и практическую составляющую и базируется на нескольких выделенных принципах. Социокультурные основания выступают в качестве необходимого фундамента эстетического воспитания.

Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейший анализ значения и роли социокультурных оснований в эстетическом воспитании педагогов творческих специальностей.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРАХОВАНИЯ В АГРАРНОЙ СФЕРЕ РОССИИ
Authors: Мещанинова Елена  Германовна
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является анализ и обоснование особенностей страхования одной из крупных отраслей экономики России — сельского хозяйства, обусловленные природными, климатическими и почвенными условиями.

Методологической основой исследования являются работы отечественных ученых-экономистов, посвященные проблемам страхования, рассматривающие агрострахование как один из инструментов устойчивого развития экономики России. Исследование базируется также на монографическом методе исследования и SWOT-анализе отрасли агрострахования. Несмотря на то, что методологические основы страхования имеют значительную историю, однако недостаточно полно исследованы проблемы внедрения более гибких инструментов агрострахования.

Результаты исследования. Сущность агрострахования в современных условиях заключается в обеспечении защиты агропроизводителей в случае наступления страховых рисков. Однако, проведенный SWOT-анализ отрасли позволяет сделать вывод о низкой мотивации агрострахования и недостаточном доверии со стороны агропроизводителей.

Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейший анализ и изучение возможности применения данных дистанционного зондирования в качестве доказательной базы при наступлении страховых случаев в сельскохозяйственном производстве.
FCMPASS - Acquisition and gating of light scatter reference materials v2
Authors: A Welsh Joshua , Jones Jennifer
Published: October 2020

This protocol outlines the steps required to collect data from light scatter reference materials for use with the FCMPASS software. This is one of a number of protocols in the pipeline for performing small particle calibration using the fcmpass software package.