bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D NUMERICAL MODEL FOR TERRITORIAL RISK ASSESMENT AFTER TERRORIST ACT
Authors: M. M. Biliaiev  , I. V. Kalashnikov  , I. V. Klimenko  , V. A. Kozachyna
Published: August 2018

Purpose. A goal of the work is development of 3D numerical model for a territorial risk assessment in a case of a terrorist attack with usage of a chemical agent. Methodology. To describe the process of chemical agent dispersion in the atmosphere, emitted in a case of a terrorist attack, the equation of mass transfer of an admixture in atmospheric air is used. The equation takes into account a velocity of the wind flow, atmospheric diffusion, an intensity of chemical agent emission, a buildings presence near a place of a chemically hazardous substance release. For numerical integration of the modeling equation, a finite difference method is used. A feature of the developed numerical model is possibility of a territorial risk assessment in a case of a terrorist attack under different weather conditions and a buildings presence. For calculation of wind flow velocity field in a case of building presence 3D equation for potential of velocity is used. Findings. The specialized numerical model and software package which can be used for a territorial risk assessment, both in a case of terrorist attacks with usage of chemical agents, and in a case of extreme situations at chemically hazardous facilities and transport are developed. The method can be implemented on small and medium-powered computers, which allows it to be widely used for solving this class of problems. The results of a computational experiment are presented that allow estimating possibilities of the proposed method for assessing a territorial risk in a case of a terrorist attack with usage of chemical agent. Originality. An effective method of a territorial risk assessment in a case of a terrorist attack with usage of a chemically hazardous substance is proposed. The method can be used to assess a territorial risk in an urban environment, which allows to obtain adequate data about possible affected areas. The method is based on numerical integration of the fundamental mass transfer equation, which expresses the law of conservation of mass in a liquid medium. Practical value. The proposed method for a territorial risk assessment in a case of a terrorist attack with usage of a chemical agent can be used to calculate the affected areas near administrative buildings, centers and other socially significant facilities.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF EVAPORATION CONSEQUENCES OF TOXIC SUBSTANCE EMERGENCY SPILLAGE AT RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors: Y. O. Skob  , M. L. Ugryumov
Published: August 2018

Purpose. The main purpose of the article is calculation of spatial distribution fields of the conditional probability of lethal damage to the railway station personnel, caused by the inhalation of toxic gas, which is dissipated in the surface layer of the atmosphere under the conditions of a given wind situation, for a numerical assessment of the safety level of the technogenic object. Methodology. The authors developed a three-dimensional mathematical model of the evaporation processes of toxic chemical substance from the surface of the spillage stain as a result of emergency destruction of the storage or transportation capacity of liquefied gas and further dispersion of the gaseous admixture in the ground layer of the atmosphere, taking into account the cluttering of space by buildings. Also it was developed a calculation technology for determining the conditional probability of human injury by toxic gas on the basis of probit-analysis of the impact degree of damaging factor (inhalation toxodose) on human body. To automate the calculation process, the tabular dependence «probit-function-injury probability» is replaced by a generalized piecewise cubic spline. Findings. Based on the developed model we obtained the results of calculations of the space-time fields of the conditional probability of lethal injury to the railway station personnel who underwent inhalation exposure of a cloud of hydrogen cyanide gas. We also determined that the presence of buildings on the way of the toxic cloud dispersion increases the concentration area and the time of cloud passage along the calculated area, which, accordingly, increases the exposure time of station personnel to harmful impact. Originality. The developed mathematical model takes into account: the flow compressibility, the complex terrain (cluttering of the calculation space by the buildings of technogenic object), the three-dimensional nature of dispersion process of the gaseous admixture, the evaporation of a toxic substance with a variable intensity depending on the wind conditions, physical characteristics of admixture and the roughness grade of atmosphere surface layer. The mathematical model makes it possible to obtain spatio-time distributions of a dangerous parameter – the relative mass concentration of toxic gas and the damaging factor – inhalation toxodose, which are necessary to determine the nonstationary three-dimensional fields of the conditional probability of injury to the technogenic object  personnel on the basis of the probit-analysis apparatus. Practical value. The developed calculation technology allows the expert at the decision-making stage to perform automated numerical analysis and forecast in time and space of the conditional probability of lethal injury to service personnel exposed to the inhalation effect of toxic gas as an integral part of the safety index of a technogenic object - individual risk.
EVALUATION OF EMERGENCY EVENTS AT THE TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE TECHNOGENIC LOAD IN REGIONS
Authors: Y. V. Buts  , E. V. Kraynyuk  , D. S. Kozodoy  , V. V. Barbashin
Published: August 2018

Purpose. The paper aimed at analysis of the current state of railway traffic safety at the transportation of dangerous goods, as well as the assessment of emergency events and the level of security based on statistical analysis. Methodology. The objective is achieved through theoretical generalization and analysis of modern knowledge and ideas about the prediction of accidents with dangerous goods. Geo-information systems are used for the analysis of security systems for transportation of dangerous goods by rail. Findings. Authors analyzed the types of incidents that occurred on the railway in recent years. The main causes of emergencies are: technical malfunction of cars; extremely high depreciation of fixed assets, deficiency in organizational factors in the transportation of goods, violation of safety rules for cargo operations, interference of unauthorized persons during transportation and the suchlike. One of the main causes of dangerous events is the extremely high depreciation of fixed assets. A map of potential hazards and emergencies has been developed for the transportation of dangerous goods using geo-information technologies. The results of the research are aimed at practical solutions to the problems of improving the safety and stability of rail transport in emergency situations. The transportation safety of dangerous goods should be developed by: investigating the likelihood of emergency threat; increase the efficiency of decision-making for the elimination of the consequences of accidents; development of technology for liquidation of consequences of emergency situations; implementation of the satellite navigation system. Originality. The paper presents the scientific substantiation and development of the basis for forecasting emergencies at railway transport facilities. The reasons of occurrence of events with dangerous cargoes are estimated. The map of Ukraine is drawn up according to the number of events and depending on the types of incidents on the railway. Practical value. The use of the proposed approach will allow determining the quality of any decision-making system, especially when planning rescue operations, planning forces and facilities for the localization and elimination of emergency situations. The practical value of the work consists in obtaining a scientifically based and at the same time acceptable methodology for practical workers in assessing the stability of the transportation process on individual sections of the railways, as well as developing recommendations for road sections with increased accidents.
Politicising Platform, or Another Campaign Tool: Locality-Related Differences in the Perception of Facebook’s Role in Pre-Election Period
Authors: Hájek Roman
Published: August 2018

In recent years, Facebook has become a regular part of political campaigning and as such a subject of an extensive research. Yet relatively few studies have focused on audience perspective and the perception of Facebook in campaigns. The aim of this explorative study is to contribute to this area; it compares perceptions of Facebook’s role in a campaign held before communal elections in two localities in the Czech Republic. Based on qualitative data from diary research and semi-structured interviews, it discusses the role of communication context (especially the character and diversity of local information channels) in the perceived position and influence of Facebook in the pre-election period. The results show that both Facebook’s role and influence can be understood quite differently, depending on the character of communication platforms used in the campaign. The study also analyses people’s expectations of the social media site, which in turn may lead to certain disillusionment as to the character (especially interactivity) of the campaign and, consequently, politics in general.
The Evolving Treatment Algorithm for Advanced Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Diversity and Commonalities Across Tumor Types
Authors: Hendifar Andrew E. , Dhall Deepti , Strosberg Jonathan R.
Published: August 2018

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) most commonly arise in the gastroenteropancreatic system and lungs. The incidence of NEN is increasing globally, with improved diagnostic techniques identifying patients with early-stage disease. The number of approved therapies for the treatment of advanced disease has grown substantially in the past decade. The treatment algorithm for advanced NEN is evolving from one that is directed by primary site–specific classification to one that is directed by biologic classification, as evidenced by overlapping systemic treatments across the primary tumor sites. Commonalities in biologic characteristics across primary sites include functional status, differentiation status, grade, level of somatostatin receptor expression, and genetic alterations. In this review, we discuss current clinical evidence and available therapies for the treatment of advanced NEN and highlight the need for prospective trials in patients with well-differentiated, high-grade NEN.

Implications for Practice

This review raises awareness of the evolution of the treatment algorithm for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) from one that is directed by primary tumor site–specific classification to one that is directed by biologic classification. In addition, this review promotes understanding of the new pathologic category of well-differentiated G3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and highlights the need for prospective trials in this patient population, for whom there is currently no standard of care. This review further provides a conceptual treatment schematic that categorizes the recommendations for systemic treatments for advanced disease by biologic classification, including the new and established categories of NEN.
Centrifuge modelling of a helical anchor under different cyclic loading conditions in sand
Authors: Schiavon José Antonio , Tsuha Cristina de Hollanda Cavalcanti , Neel Alain , Thorel Luc
Published: August 2018

Helical foundations used in transmission towers, wind turbines, solar panel systems and other similar structures must exhibit adequate performance under cyclic loading. Although a number of studies on the cyclic behaviour of helical anchors has increased, the available observations are still incomplete in terms of providing conclusive recommendations for practical applicability. To address this need, cyclic and monotonic axial tensile load tests were conducted on a single-helix model anchor in very dense dry sand in a centrifuge. The cyclic tests were carried out with different load amplitudes and with the number of cycles varying between 1000 and 3000. After the cyclic tests, the post-cyclic tensile capacity was evaluated by way of monotonic loading tests. Two different displacement regimes were observed during cycling, with a noticeable development of cumulative permanent displacements in the first approximately 100 cycles. In most of the tests, a stable cyclic response and a slight reduction in the post-cyclic capacity were observed. Additionally, the effect of the cyclic loading sequence was evaluated by way of two additional tests in which the cyclic loading was applied with different amplitudes in different orders. The results indicated that the order of the cyclic sequences influences the displacement response and the losses in the post-cyclic capacity.
Diyaframın Farklı Periyodik Uyarım Yanıtlarında Abdominal İskemi-Reperfüzyonun Yarattığı Değişimler
Authors: TUNCER Seçkin
Published: August 2018

Giriş: Abdominal aort anevrizması tedavisinin deneysel bir modeli olan abdominal iskemi-reperfüzyon kardiyolojik, solunumsal, renal ve üremeyle ilgili ikincil fonksiyon bozukluklarına neden olmaktadır. Yapmış olduğumuz çalışma ile ikincil bir komplikasyon olarak gelişen solunumsal fonksiyon bozukluğunun altında yatan diyafram kası mekanik özelliklerinde meydana gelen olası değişimlerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu amaçla gerçekleştirilen deneylerde 16 adet wistar albino türü sıçan kullanılmıştır. Abdominal aortanın infrarenal bölgesinden vasküler klip ile 30 dakika iskemi, klip kaldırılarak 2 saat reperfüzyon gerçekleştirilen grup I/R olarak adlandırılırken, yalnızca insizyon gerçekleştirilen kontrol grubu ise KON olarak adlandırılmıştır. Sıçanların diyafram kasları frenik sinirleriyle birlikte izole edilerek in vitro kasılma ölçüm deneyleri gerçekleştirildi. Uyarım 25 Hz sabit ve frekansı 25-50 Hz aralığında değişen supramaksimal uyaranlarla yapıldı.Bulgular: Tepe Değeri (TD, N), Alt Değer (AD, N), Gevşeme Miktarı (GM, N) verileri I/R grubunda anlamlı olarak azalmış bulunurken, Kasılma Süresinde (KS, ms) anlamlı (p<0,05) bir fark görülmedi. Uyarım frekansı artırılarak yapılan ölçümlerde ise TD her frekansta azalmış bulunurken, AD 35 Hz’den yüksek, GM ise 40 Hz’den düşük uyarım frekanslarında anlamlı olarak azalmış bulundu (p<0,05).Sonuç: Gerçekleştirdiğimiz çalışma ile abdominal iskemi-reperfüzyon sonucunda oluşan solunumsal fonksiyon bozukluğunun diyaframın mekanik özelliklerinin değişiminden kaynaklandığını gösterilmiştir. Bu durum ise hücre metabolizmasındaki bozulmalardan ve dolayısıyla Ca++ homeostazında meydana gelen değişimlerden kaynaklanmaktadır.
Diagnóstico da adoção da viticultura de precisão no vale dos vinhedos - Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Erthal Gracieli Manfrin da Silva , Russini Alexandre , Sebem Elódio , Erthal Eduardo Santos , Galafassi Cristiano
Published: August 2018

Na viticultura, o uso das técnicas de agricultura de precisão (AP), nomeado neste caso de viticultura de precisão (VP), é considerado relativamente recente. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho buscou realizar o diagnóstico da adoção das ferramentas e técnicas de VP por viticultores da região de Denominação de Origem Vale dos Vinhedos, situada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. A pesquisa realizada foi de caráter exploratório e descritivo, fazendo-se uso de técnicas de análise qualitativas e quantitativas. Os dados foram coletados através da aplicação de 21 questionários aos representantes de vinícolas da região. Foram identificados apenas 5 (23,81%) viticultores adotantes de VP, evidenciando a baixa taxa de adoção da tecnologia na região. Dentre as técnicas e ferramentas de VP adotadas na Denominação de Origem Vale dos Vinhedos estão o georreferenciamento das áreas, os mapas de qualidade e produtividade, a aplicação de fertilizantes a taxa variada, a análise georreferenciada do solo, a aplicação de defensivos a taxa variada, a colheita segmentada e o monitoramento georreferenciado de parâmetros de qualidade da uva. Como dificuldades de uso da tecnologia de VP, as principais apontadas foram o alto custo e a dificuldade de operacionalizar as tecnologias, a falta de recursos para implantar o sistema completo e linhas de financiamento, bem como a falta de prestadores de serviço e o custo elevado destes. A baixa taxa de adoção desta tecnologia reflete a incipiente difusão da mesma entre os viticultores da região.
Aplicação da filtração direta descendente em efluente de esgoto sanitária para produção de água de reúso direto
Authors: Agnesini Marília Vasconcellos , Marrengula Fernando Afonso , Paschoalato Cristina Filomena Pereira Rosa
Published: August 2018

A escassez de água é um problema de âmbito mundial, deste modo, técnicas como o reuso, que visam suprir essa falta, reduzem a demanda sobre os recursos hídricos, poupando grandes volumes de água potável da utilização para fins menos nobres, além de diminuírem a carga de efluente nos rios. Nesse contexto, foi proposta a aplicação da tecnologia de filtração direta descendente (FDD) em areia, como tratamento terciário ao efluente secundário de estação de tratamento de esgoto sanitário (ETE), com vista à obtenção de água de reuso direto. Dentre as principais vantagens dessa tecnologia estão o baixo custo, a facilidade operacional e a produção de água com qualidade suficiente para aplicação de fins menos nobres. Para isso, foi realizado monitoramento do efluente de ETE, localizado em um município do interior paulista, com a finalidade de avaliar a qualidade da água e garantir a adequação da aplicação da FDD como recurso tecnológico. Foram realizados ensaios de tratamento em jar-test com uso do coagulante policloreto de alumínio (PAC), seguidos de oxidação com cloro. O resultado do monitoramento do efluente da ETE apontou baixos valores de turbidez, com pouca variação no período de estudo, apresentando qualidade adequada para aplicação da FDD. A dosagem otimizada para o coagulante PAC foi de 15 mg L-1. Os ensaios de FDD seguidos de oxidação com cloro forneceu água de reuso com cor aparente de 20 uH; turbidez de 0,8 uT; pH de aproximadamente 7,5 e cloro residual livre de 1 mg L-1. Tais resultados atendem às recomendações de qualidade estabelecidas pela USEPA (2004) e NBR 13969 (ABNT, 1997). Pode-se concluir que a qualidade da água obtida pela aplicação da tecnologia de FDD, seguida de oxidação com cloro, atende à demanda de reuso urbano irrestrito para aplicações de uso menos nobre da água, tais como irrigação de jardins, lavagem de pisos e espaços públicos e armazenamento para combate de incêndio
Zooplankton Fauna of Some Temporary Volcanic Lakes in Gaziantep
Authors: Bozkurt Ahmet , GENÇ Münevver Ayçe
Published: August 2018

Zooplankton species
diversity of four temporary lakes around Tahtaköprü Dam Lake (Gaziantep) has
been determined within the provincial borders of Gaziantep. During the study, a
total of 29 species (18 belonging to Rotifera, 8 to Cladocera and 3 to
Copepoda) were identified in the study area. It was determined that the zooplankton
fauna of the lakes consist of the same species and  the amounts of all species were abundant.
Orta Doğu ve Türkiye’de İçsu Ürünleri Avcılığı ve Yetiştiriciliğinin Bugünkü Durumu ve Geleceğe Dair Tahminler
Authors: Günay Deniz , Emiroğlu Dilek , Tolon Tolga
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin de içinde olduğu 16 Orta Doğu ülkesinin
bugünkü ve gelecekteki iç su ürünleri avcılık ve yetiştiricilik üretimi,
istatistik verileri yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Trend analizi sonucunda
2015 yılında yaklaşık 390 000 ton olan Orta Doğu iç su avcılık üretiminin 2020
yılında 380 000 tona gerileyebileceği, 2015 yılında 1 660 000 ton olan
yetiştiricilik üretiminin 2020 yılında yaklaşık 2 060 000 ton olabileceği
tahmin edilmiştir. Türkiye’de ise toplam su ürünleri üretiminin 2016 yılı
itibariyle %5,8 ‘ini oluşturan iç su ürünleri avcılığının 2020 yılında daha da
azalacağı (30 000 ton), %17,2’sini oluşturan iç su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin
ise artmaya devam edeceği (133 000 ton) öngörülmüştür. İç su ürünleri
balıkçılığının sürdürülebilir olması ve sektörün gelişimi protein talebinin
karşılanması ve sosyo-ekonomik gelişim açısından önemlidir.
PHENOTYPIC DETECTION OF AMPC β-LACTAMASE ENZYME IN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI
Authors: Anoar Khanda , Omer Sherko , Majid Bayan , Rahim Hero , Muhammed Shno
Published: August 2018

Background 

Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials are achieved by several mechanisms including production of enzymes such as β-lactamases; according to Ambler classification, β-lactamases are classified into four classes, A to D. AmpC β-lactamase production is related to chromosomal or plasmid genes expression in Gram-negative bacteria. 

Objectives 

To determine AmpC β-lactamase production among hospital isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermener Gram-negative bacilli in Sulaimani providence and to evaluate different phenotypic methods for detection of AmpC β-lactamase.

Materials and Methods

A total of 108 Gram-negative bacilli bacterial isolates collected from different infections in several governmental hospitals in Sulaimani city were assessed for β-lactamase production. The isolates were identified using biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by Bauer-Kirby disk diffusion method using 14 antimicrobial agents including cefoxitin. Cefoxitin-resistant isolates were tested for AmpC production by four phenotypic tests including disk approximation test, disk antagonism test, hodge test, and AmpC disk test.

Results

Among 108 isolates, 47 (43.5%) were Escherichia coli and 35 (32.4%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. From the isolates, 98.1% were resistant to ampicillin while 71.3% were sensitive to imipenem and 68 isolates (63%) were resistant to cefoxitin. We found that 59 out of 68 to cefoxitin-resistant isolates (86.8%) produce AmpC by hodge test while other tests detected less AmpC production. In regard to hodge test, specificity of the other three tests reached 100% while sensitivity ranged from 55.93 in disk approximation test to 79.66% from both disk antagonism test and AmpC disk test.

Conclusion

AmpC b-lactamase production was common among Gram-negative bacilli from hospital isolates. Cefoxitin screening followed by hodge test for AmpC production was the best test to find b-lactamase producers. Different AmpC b-lactamase production tests can be used according to the tested bacteria.
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF TETRALOGY OF FALLOT IN SULAIMANI PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY DEPARTMENT /KURDISTAN /IRAQ
Authors: Salih Aso , Rashid Dalya , Hamawandi Adnan
Published: August 2018

Background 

Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common of all congenital malformations. Tetralogy of fallot (TOF) is the most common of the cyanotic defects. TOF consists of four major abnormalities occurring together; subpulmonaryinfundibular stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic overrides and right ventricular hypertrophy. This classification of Tetralogy of fallot according to the pulmonary trunk is the first study done in Sulaimani up to our knowledge.

Objectives 

To determine the morphological classification of tetralogy of fallot according to the pulmonary trunk in Sulaimani pediatrics teaching hospital – cardiology department.

Patients and Methods

This is a retrospective study conducted in Pediatric teaching hospital in Sulaimani for a total 308 cases from 1st Aug 2006 - 1st Aug 2012. The source of information was the medical and echocardiography records pediatric cardiology department from Sulaimani teaching hospital. 

Results

Among 308 cases, 109 cases were hypoplastic pulmonary branches, 185 cases were good pulmonary branches, 11 cases were unclear & 3 cases were absent pulmonary branches. Tetralogy of fallot are common in children age groups about 205 cases, 86 cases of infants, 14 cases of adults & 3 cases of neonates. Tetralogy of fallot had associated lesions like patent ductus atriosus (68) cases, ventricular septal defect (86) cases, atrial septal defect (26) cases, aortopulmonary collaterals (35) cases & aortic regurgitation (31) cases. 125 of 308 cases of Tetralogy of fallot were operated. 

Conclusions

Good pulmonary branches are common type of Tetralogy of fallot. Tetralogy of fallot is common in children age groups, slightly more common in males than in females. Additional ventricular septal defect & patent ductus atriosus are common associated lesions of Tetralogy of fallot.
Males tend to come earlier for eye care with the National Health Coverage Programme in private hospitals
Authors: Simanjuntak Gilbert WS , Tan Jannes F , Christine Reinne Natali
Published: August 2018

BackgroundCataract is the leading cause of blindness in Indonesia, and poverty is a major barrier to having cataract surgery. Increasing the proportion of adults that have regular, comprehensive eye examinations for cataract and other common eye health problems is one of the National Health Insurance (JKN) objectives. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of vision insurance on eye care utilization of cataract patients in private hospitals with the JKN system as social intervention. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 230 cataract patients in a private hospital. Inclusion criteria were patients with cataract surgery, diagnosis and follow up visit minimally two months after surgery. A multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the data.ResultsInitial visual acuity (VA) was 0.13 ± 0.15 and final VA was 0.91 ± 0.15. Two patients had final VA of 0.2 and 0.15, respectively, in which the first was associated with persistent corneal edema and diabetes mellitus, and the other with corneal scar. Age, gender, and level of education were not associated with VA at the first visit (p>0.05). Further analysis using a multiple logistic regression model was found to be significant (p=0.0104), with gender being associated with preoperative vision, where males tend to come earlier to undergo cataract surgery/treatment.ConclusionMales tend to come earlier than females for cataract surgery with the National Health Insurance (JKN) programme, despite the social intervention of the programme.
Tumor necrosis factor-α-activated mesenchymal stem cells accelerate wound healing through vascular endothelial growth factor regulation in rats
Authors: Nugraha Aditya , Putra Agung
Published: August 2018

BackgroundWounds are areas of physical or thermal damage of the epithelial layer of skin or mucosa. The wound healing process consists of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a role in wound healing by suppressing potent pro-inflammatory molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leading to macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory type to the pro-regeneration type characterized by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. MSCs are able to increase VEGF level in-vivo correlated with collagen synthesis. The objective of this study was to assess the role of TNF-α-activated MSCs on VEGF in rat wounds. MethodsAn experimental animal study with post-test only control group design was performed involving 24 Wistar rats. The rats were randomized into four groups  consisting of one control (K) and three treatment groups (P) (activated MSCs at doses of 3x105, 6x105, and 12x105 cells, respectively). The measurement of VEGF levels was done using ELISA assay while the collagen analysis was performed by light microscopy. One way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe results showed a significant increase in VEGF levels (p <0.05) on day 3 and then a significant decrease on day 5 along with a significant increase in the amount of collagen on day 7 (p<0.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that TNF-α-activated MSCs were able to regulate VEGF levels and collagen synthesis in wound healing in rats. The molecular mechanism by which TNF-α-activated MSCs stimulate cutaneous wound healing should be clarified further.
New tuberculosis vaccine to support tuberculosis elimination
Authors: Chondro Fransisca
Published: August 2018

The Sustainable Development Goals have prioritized ending the epidemic of tuberculosis by 2030.(1) Around one-third of the world population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC), but is asymptomatic, a conditon known as latent TB.According to the global tuberculosis report, in 2017 there were 5-15% of 1.7 billion  persons infected with MTBC, who will develop TB in their lives. Around 10% of latent TB will develop into active TB disease, with a higher risk in patients with immunodeficiencies such as HIV, undernutrition, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and habitual alcohol consumption. As a result there are annually an estimated 8.8 million new TB cases, with a TB mortality of 1.1 million and deaths from TB and HIV coinfection of 350 thousand cases.The World Health Organization has planned a number of strategies for TB elimination in the year 2030, such as developing rapid and accurate diagnostic tests, new regimens for the treatment of drug-susceptible or drug-resistant TB, prevention of transmission of M. tuberculosis through infection control, new vaccine candidates to prevent the development of TB, and to help improve the outcomes of treatment for TB disease.
Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy for large uterus-safety and feasibility
Authors: R. Rameshkumar , Naik Sahana N. , . Dhanalakshmi
Published: August 2018

Background: Non Descent Vaginal Hysterectomy (NDVH) is removal of uterus through vagina in non-prolapsed uterus. The objective of the present study was to assess safety and feasibility of NDVH in patients with large uterus (>12 weeks size uterus).Methods: Retrospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India from May2014 to May 2017. Effort was made to perform hysterectomies vaginally in women with benign conditions with large uterine size. Information regarding age, parity, uterine size, blood loss, duration of operation, number of fibroids, other surgical difficulties encountered, intra–operative and post-operative complications were recorded.Results: Total of 65 cases was selected for NDVH with large uterine size. All successfully underwent NDVH. 25 patients had uterus of 10-12 weeks size, 17 had uterine size of 12-14 weeks size. Mean duration of surgery was 90 min. Mean blood loss was 300ml. Post-operative complications were minimal. All patients had early mobility with faster resumption to daily activities. Mean hospital stay was 4-5 days.Conclusions: Non descent vaginal hysterectomy is safe, cost effective method of hysterectomy in women with large uterus requiring hysterectomy for benign conditions with less complications, shorter hospital stay and less morbidity.
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Buccal Mucosa: A Rare Presentation
Authors: A Kumar , Rawat Garima , S Gupta , S Deb
Published: August 2018

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) is an unusual slow growing, aggressive neoplasm of salivary gland, constituting less than 1% of all head and neck malignancies. It commonly affects adults in the fourth to sixth decades and typically involves minor salivary glands of palate followed by parotid, and submandibular glands. We present here a case of a 16-year-old female diagnosed with ACC involving the buccal mucosa and abutting the distal end of stenson’s duct along with the surgical management and follow up.
A condenação histórica da orientação sexual homossexual – as origens da discriminação à diversidade sexual humana: violações aos direitos sexuais – reflexos do Brasil Colônia ao Século XXI
Authors: Soares Douglas Verbicaro
Published: August 2018

O presente estudo explicita o tema da orientação sexual homossexual e as origens de condutas discriminatórias a essa diversidade sexual. Ressaltando a incidência de condições históricas que influenciaram na construção de valores conservadores na sociedade brasileira, oriundos desde a época do Brasil Colônia e que, continuam incidindo, em pleno século XXI, na exclusão dos homossexuais na participação e acesso ao trato igualitário a direitos. Para isso, foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa, através do levantamento e investigação de materiais bibliográficos, com o intuito de gerar uma discussão na sociedade brasileira sobre a questão da religiosidade cristã, diversidade sexual e, em especial, a homossexualidade. Sendo assim, o presente estudo pretender responder algumas perguntas: as influências de valores doutrinários religiosos influenciaram na formação de orientações normativas, que primam pela prevalência de discriminação à diversidade sexual dentro da sociedade brasileira no? Se sim, essa valoração, perpetuada no tempo, continua incidindo sobre o tema da homossexualidade?
Kalunga e o direito: A emergência de um direito inspirado na ética afro-brasileira
Authors: São Bernardo Sérgio
Published: August 2018

As organizações políticas, comunitárias e tradicionais no continente africano e na diáspora atestam uma forma costumeira e conciliadora de lidar com os conflitos – em relação à natureza e a sociedade - nos influenciando numa dimensão contingencial da experiência civilizatória africana no Brasil e nos dando um caminho de como articular novas bases ético-jurídicas para pensar o direito numa ótica emancipatória. É possível afirmar um direito afro-brasileiro? Existe um repertório comum que informa e unifica este direito? Existe uma base sócio-cultural que legitima a emergência dessa ético-jurídica? Este direito pode ser universalizável como pressuposto de justiça a outras comunidades não africanas? Estas indagações podem sugerir a possibilidade de um debate nos campos da antropologia jurídica, da filosofia afro-brasileira e da filosofia do direito. Entender as diversas formas de lidar com os costumes e tradições originados do processo civilizatório afro-brasileiro em confronto com o direito germano-românico, fenomenológico, positivista e culturalista do direito brasileiro. As comunidades tradicionais e as referências mais ancestralizadas das nossas experiências comunitárias dão conta de que os valores e noções de justo têm convergido às noções de integração e comunhão com a natureza, uso comunitário e coletivo da propriedade, restituição no lugar de retribuição de pena, famílias extensas etc.
Utilização de recursos audiovisuais no processo ensino-aprendizagem em terapia ocupacional na saúde e no trabalho
Authors: Figueiredo Frizzo Heloísa Cristina , Lopes Souza Rhaiane Aparecida , Benedito Bezerra Jonathan , Da Silva Cunha José Henrique
Published: August 2018

Este é um relato de experiência que tem como objetivo deste trabalho é ilustrar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem em Terapia Ocupacional na Saúde e no Trabalho a partir da produção de recursos audiovisuais que retratam a complexidade das relações entre processo de trabalho, saúde e doença. O total de produções audiovisuais geradas durante o período coberto por este estudo (2007-2011) foi de 36 análises de situações de trabalho nas áreas de indústria, comércio, prestação de serviço e trabalho informal que são marcadas pela divisão de tarefas e alienação do trabalhador. Este estudo foi uma estratégia de ensino aprendizagem que possibilitou a compreensão da atuação terapêutica ocupacional na saúde do trabalhador de forma crítica e reflexiva em prol da promoção e vigilância em saúde desse indivíduo.
Aplicabilidade do cicloergômetro no controle da síndrome do imobilismo durante a terminalidade
Authors: Santos Jealison Rogerio , Bulgo Danilo Danilo Cândido , Severo Érika Adriane Gomes , Marcelino Daniela , Silveira Daniela Santana Polati
Published: August 2018

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar as publicações acerca da utilização do cicloergômetro nos pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Trata-se e uma revisão realizada nas bases de dados: SciELO; PEDro e PubMed. Foram utilizados os descritores: Cuidados Paliativos; Fisioterapia; Exercício e Fadiga. Aplicou-se o sistema de booleano utilizando a técnica de cruzamento dos descritores. Como estratégia de seleção realizou-se a leitura dos títulos e resumos, considerando os seguintes critérios: período de publicação do ano de 2013 a 2017; artigos nos idiomas português e inglês; abordagem do exercício físico em CP. Assim do resultado inicial de 16 artigos, foram selecionados oito artigos que abordavam os critérios citados. O exercício físico aeróbio associado ao anaeróbio apresentou-se nas publicações gerando benefícios sobre a fadiga e síndrome do imobilismo, no entanto, não encontrou-se estudos que investigaram a utilização do cicloergômetro em pacientes sob cuidados paliativos.
Qualidade de vida de manipuladores de alimentos em restaurantes industriais
Authors: Nalle Gabriela De Souza , Vieira Patrícia Maria , Sousa Alline Alves de , Pacheco Edna Aparecida Carvalho , Aragão Ailton De Souza , Silva e Dutra Fabiana Caetano Martins
Published: August 2018

Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida de manipuladores de alimentos em restaurantes industriais de Uberaba-MG. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem observacional, quantitativo, e transversal que foi realizado no ano de 2012. Foram determinadas características sociais, demográficas e ocupacionais, e qualidade de vida de 25 manipuladores. Para a avaliação da qualidade de vida, utilizou-se o Medical Outcomes Study 36 que aborda aspectos relacionados à saúde. Verificaram-se que os domínios mais comprometidos foram dor e vitalidade, enquanto que a capacidade funcional obteve melhor pontuação. Os adultos mais jovens apresentaram melhor vitalidade e saúde mental quando comparados aos mais velhos, que obtiveram pior capacidade funcional. os cozinheiros tiveram melhor aspecto físico. Os homens com menor escolaridade alcançaram melhor estado geral de saúde e os com maior renda melhor aspecto social e emocional. A qualidade de vida dos manipuladores foi considerada satisfatória e apresenta variações relacionadas à faixa etária, escolaridade e renda.
Climate change and cocoa cultivation
Authors:   International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia, Bunn Christian , Castro Fabio ,   International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia, Lundy Mark ,   International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia, Läderach Peter ,   International Center for Tropical  Agriculture (CIAT), Vietnam
Published: August 2018

Climate change has been projected to impact cocoa production unless cultivation practices are adapted. Guiding effective adaptation is a challenging task because of the high model uncertainty for precipitation which is a vital consideration for cocoa producers. We focus on identifying preconditions for forward-looking, proactive adaptation, describing global climatic changes at current cocoa production locations and demonstrating that impacts are spatially differentiated with the example of Ivory Coast. Temperatures were found to rise beyond historically experienced levels with high certainty. In Ivory Coast, at the frontier along the Savanna, dry season conditions may become too severe for cocoa growing. In order to effectively guide adaptation strategies, cocoa research will need to close important knowledge gaps regarding the interaction of cocoa genotypes, high growing season temperatures and reductions in bean quality, the effect of combined heat and drought events for plant survival, and likely changes of pest and disease threats.
FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE OF RISK FACTORS AND ADHERENCE TO DRUG THERAPY IN YAKUTS WHO UNDERWENT Q-POSITIVE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Kylbanova E. S. , Guryeva E. V. , Pavlova A. V.
Published: August 2018

The aim of the article was to study for 12 months the adherence to drug therapy and the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors in Yakutia patients who underwent Q-positive myocardial infarction.

Materials and methods. The analysis included 113 patients from Yakutsk with Q-positive acute myocardial infarction, the average age is 59 [51;64] years old.

Results. The following conclusions are obtained: The majority of patients of Yakut nationality who underwent Q-positive myocardial infarction have a high incidence of cardiovascular risk factors. Among the examined patients of this category after 6 months was received a low adherence to prescription drugs: clopidogrel /ticagrelor (by 9.9%), ACE inhibitors / sartans (by 18%), β-adrenoblockers (by 24.6%), statins (by 46.7%). For the 12th month after a second consultation, there was an increased adherence to taking the statins by 33.3% and beta-blockers by 17.8%. AH is a well-controlled risk factor, in most patients there is an effective reduction in high blood pressure values from the first months. The mean of total cholesterol, cholesnerol — LDL and the frequency of hypercholesterinemia, hypercholesterinemia LDL for 12 months after a recent MI is decreased, but the target values were not achieved due to low adherence to taking statins.

Conclusion. Due to the low adherence to drug therapy and the insufficient correction of risk factors for CVD after MI there was noted repeated hospitalizations for repeated ACS, decompensation of CHF, and fatal cases/outcomes, regardless of ethnicity, which requires intensification of the measures for dispenserization, at the primary level health.
Mirrors, echoes & doubles: a history of musical duplication
Authors: Paúl Abel
Published: August 2018

This study focuses on the significance of duplication in the history of music and other related artistic disciplines. In this text I look at the acoustic, structural, perceptual and aesthetic implications derived from the duplication of sonic materials, instruments, objects, setups, gestures and performers.
From a general perspective, the use of duplication raises a number of issues of perceptual and acoustic nature: the effect and auditory conditions generated by the performance of identical sounds by two or more sonic sources, the importance of synchronicity or asynchronicity in the suggestion of aural and visual analogies, the role of distance in the establishment of auditory correspondences, the degree of similarity required by specific materials to be identified as doubles, the role of the performer in creating a sense of gestural and performative duplication, the relationship between acoustic and acousmatic sources in the delineation of sonic parallels, etc.
In this study, the subject of duplication is chiefly regarded from spatial, performative and sonic perspectives. The sections focusing on spatial issues examine the function of duplicated setups of objects and instruments in the space of performance. The analysis of performative elements addresses the role of gestural duplication and doppelgangers as musical and scenic resources. Finally, the sections on sound investigate the perceptual and aesthetic effects of duplicated sonic sources, echoic interactions and sonic displacements
ARABIC WRITING LEARNING MODEL BASED ON GENRE PROCESS APPROACH IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: SETIADI SAMSI , RAFLI ZAINAL
Published: August 2018

This study aims to obtain a model of teaching materials of Arabic writing (kitabah Arabiyah) based on the genre process approach at the State University of Jakarta. The method used is the development research to obtain the model of Arabic writing materials based on the genre process approach. The results showed that students still had difficulties at a fairly high level, such as finding key ideas, developing paragraphs, applying appropriate Arabic rules, finding and selecting the vocabularies that fit the context of the sentence. Students make some mistakes when writing Arabic script, including incorrect writing of letters, selection of verb (fiâ€™il) and noun (isim), mistakes of intended meaning, incomplete sentences, and incomplete paragraphs. The need of students to the learning of Arabic writing shown by the scores of students' needs on the study is 3.90 which means that Arabic writing teaching is needed. The development of Arabic-based teaching material model based on the genre approach is needed as an alternative to problem solving.
Analysis of a Discrete-Time Geo/G/1 Queue in a Multi-Phase Service Environment with Disasters
Authors: Jiang Tao
Published: August 2018

This paper considers a discrete-time Geo/G/1 queue in a multi-phase service environment, where the system is subject to disastrous breakdowns, causing all present customers to leave the system simultaneously. At a failure epoch, the server abandons the service and the system undergoes a repair period. After the system is repaired, it jumps to operative phase i with probability qi, i = 1, 2 ⋯, n. Using the supplementary variable technique, we obtain the distribution for the stationary queue length at the arbitrary epoch, which are then used for the computation of other performance measures. In addition, we derive the expected length of a cycle time, the generating function of the sojourn time of an arbitrary customer, and the generating function of the server’s working time in a cycle. We also give the relationship between the discrete-time queueing system to its continuous-time counterpart. Finally, some examples and numerical results are presented.
Model Development of Savi–Based E-Module for Arabic Instruction at Islamic Junior High School in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Koderi Koderi , Syahrial Zulfiati
Published: August 2018

This research aimed to get data of Arabic instructional processes; develop Somatic, Auditory, Visual, and Intellectual (SAVI)-based e-module for Arabic instruction at Islamic junior high schools (Madrasah Tsanawiayah - MTs); and obtain empirical data of SAVI-based e-module effectiveness to improve students’ achievement in Arabic lesson. Models of Dick and Carey, as well as Hanaffin and Peck, were utilized and modified into four stages. It comprised of preliminary research, model designing and development, validation, evaluation and revision, as well as model effectiveness test implementation. Overall, the expert judgment on validity model was very good including experts in instructional design, instructional content, and instructional media. Generally, the response of students was also very good regarding one to one learner, small group, as well as field trial on acceptance and utility model. The tryout result of effectiveness model shows that the average pretest score is 48,1666, posttest is 75,775, and the difference between those is 25,608. The value of tobserved is also higher than tcritical (15,42807>2,02268). It means that SAVI-based e-module for Arabic instruction at MTs is effective to improve students’ achievement.
Relationships of Using Social Media Online to Learning English at the English Program, STBA YAPARI-ABA Bandung
Authors: Puspa Vindy Melliany
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research was to get the information on the frequency of using social media, identify the types of social media features, and prove the relationship between the frequency of using social media in English learning. This research used quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed on a propotional random sampling that were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The respondents were 100 students, taken from several classes of regular students in Bachelor Degree in Semester VI and VIII of English program in STBA Yapari-ABA Bandung. The results show that most respondents have more than three social media accounts (71%). Youtube is the site that the most influential respondents (53%). The most useful social media feature is ‘sharing’ (54%) while the most frequently used part of the sentence is 'phrase' (42%). The most beneficial language ability is vocabulary (31%). There are other descriptive data describing the frequency of various English related activities in the use of respondents' social media. In addition, it is evident that there is a positive correlation, although its correlation value is very weak (Spearman rho: 0,098) between the frequency of social media usage with the acquisition of English indicated by the GPA.