bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing Intervention to Improve the Caregivers’ Practices toward Elderly Care at Geriatric Homes
Authors: Sanya Zakarya Mohammed  , Magda Abdelsattar Ahmad  , Nadia Hamed Farahat
Published: September 2021

Population ageing is a global phenomenon with the number of persons 60 years and over estimated to reachtwo billion by the year 2050; living longer is joined to challenges of disability and being dependent oncaregivers who should have the chance to perform their practices by professional way as an integral partof elderly care. Aim: To evaluate the nursing intervention program to improve the caregivers’ practices ofelderly care at geriatric homes. Design: Quasi-experimental research design. Setting: In geriatric homes atCairo governorate. Sample: A convenient sample of all elderly caregivers working in the previous mentionedsettings. Tool: Was used an interviewing questionnaire to assess socio-demographic characteristics ofelderly caregivers, their knowledge, their practices & factors causing stress to them & their coping withstress. Conclusion: The nursing intervention program implementation had statistically significant positiveeffect on elderly caregivers at geriatric homes regarding to their knowledge, practices &coping with stress.
Child Trafficking Human Trafficking : Legal Aspects and Role of a Doctor
Authors: Shagun Thakur  , Vikas Gurbani
Published: September 2021

Counter-trafficking measures are to be implemented at various levels and by various organisations. Themedical professionals also play an important role in this area as in many cases, the victims are first identifiedwhen they require some form of medical attention.A child victim of trafficking is any person younger than 18 years against whom the act of trafficking hasbeen committed.The definition of child trafficking differs from that of trafficking in humans in the respectthat children are considered being vulnerable not only because of their level of maturity and age but alsoother factors.This article highlights the various legal aspects of child and human trafficking in India. The victim oftrafficking may not himself disclose what he is going through, so there are certain points on history andexamination which should arise the suspicion in the mind of the health professional. These signs andsymptoms are mentioned in this article which are collected from various resources. Emergency medicinedepartment has an important role in screening of these victims, although all the departments contribute inidentifying the victims.The article also mentions where India stands compared to its global counterparts in anti-trafficking measures.
Predisposition Factors in Exclusive Breastfeeding in Infants (Literature Review)
Authors: Subagyo  , Suparji  , Nana Usnawati  , Vilia Tri Erlina
Published: September 2021

Background. Nutritional intake inthe first thousand days of a child’s life up to 2 yesars old is very important forgrowth and development. The low number of exclusive breasfeeding is still to be concern of the Indonesiangovernmnet .Based on data from Magetan District Health Office in 2019, the coverage of exclusivebreastfeeding in the Poncol Puskesmas was 48,4 %. The purpose of this systematic literature review isto systematically review some of the results of recent research on the drivers that influence the success ofexclusive breastfeeding, namely the factors of knowledge, education, employment, and attitude.The typeof research used is systematic literature review (SLR) using the Preffered Reporting Items for SystematicReview and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) approach. The database used are DOAJ and SINTA (Garuda), the last5 years publication limits, analytical research, cross sectional research designs, full text articles, researchareas are Indonesia. From the research results found 546 journals and after screening obtained 9 relevantjournals. Regarding education, 3 out of 4 journals stated that there was a relationship between educationand exclusive breastfeeding. On the employment factor, 4 out 5 journals stated that there was a relationshipbetween wprk and exclusive breastfeeding. In the knowledge factor, all of journals stated that there was arelationship between knowledge and eclusive breastfeeding. While in the attitude factor, 3 out of 4 journalsstated that there was a relatioship between attitude and exclusive breastfeeding.The majority, of journal statethat there is relationship between education, knowledge, employment, and attitude of mother’s breatfeeding.It is hoped that the results of this review will be able to bring change to readers, especially health workerswho have a very important role in providing education and promotion regarding exclusive breastfeeding.
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Nukus State Pedagogical Institute, Republic Uzbekistan, Khodjaniyazova Umida Kulmagambetovna
Published: September 2021

This article deals with linguistic and pragma linguistic view of speaking and writing competence, and explores the similarities and differences between them. The definition of a “linguistic personality” as a key factor in product creation is discussed. Moreover, the article provides the examples that show the difference between written and spoken language in the field of syntax.
MODELING METHODS AIMED AT THE FORMATION OF UNIVERSAL TRAINING IN THE INITIAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Abdusamatov Alisher Sobirovich
Published: September 2021

Modeling in the form of essentially, organizational and targeted methodological innovations of methodical innovations for primary education. Theory and practice required to systematically update primary education, primary education standard education, was studied.
THE USE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors:   Associate Professor, Candidate Of Pedagogical Sciences, Head Of The Department Of Methods Of Preschool Education, Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizami,, Uzbekistan, Djanpeisova Gauhar , Igamberdieva Aziza ,   Researcher Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizami,, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2021

The scientific article presents some didactic approaches to the formation of mathematical concepts in preschool children based on TIPS technologies. The methods and technologies of teaching children mathematics using developmental and logical games and exercises are revealed, the necessity of systematic preparation of children for mastering the school curriculum of mathematics is substantiated.
ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF RELIABILITY IN SPORTS GAMES
Authors:   Lecturer, Department Theory And Methodology Of Physical Culture, Sports, Institute For Retraining And Advanced Training Of Specialists In Physical Culture And Sports, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, A.R. Beknazarov
Published: September 2021

In this article highlighted about that improving the reliability of playing actions in competitions is one of the most important problems in the training of highly qualified athletes. Many authors consider that the reliability criterion in a sport activity is the accuracy of the motor action fulfillment. It is expected that constant monitoring of the functional state, physical qualities and technical and tactical training of athletes will allow achieving effective results in the course of sports competitions.
A SET OF MONITORING METHODS AND METHODS IN THE TRAINING OF 12-14 YEAR OLD VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
Authors:   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Scientific And Methodological Provision Of Physical Education And Sports Specialists Under The Ministry Of Physical Training And Sports Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, O.S. Jumanov
Published: September 2021

This article describes the effective use of pedagogical tests to assess the level of physical and technical-tactical training of volleyball players aged 12-14.
FUNDAMENTALS OF EXPANSION OF EDUCATIONAL SUBJECTS IN THE CREDIT-MODULE SYSTEM OF TEACHING
Authors:   Lecturer, Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute Of Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan, Jabborova Onakhon Mannapovna
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the basics of teaching the expansion of subjects in the credit-modular system of education.
IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL-REGIONAL COMPONENT IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Teacher, Namangan State University, Namangan, Uzbekistan, Suyarov Nodir Takhirovich , Erkaev Elmirza Temirovich ,   Candidate Of Pedagogical Sciences, University Of Public Security Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the possibility of national-regional component in art education students, provides a detailed analysis and the use of creative experience in the heritage of their ancestors of educational and educational activities of students, taking into account the features of cultural and historical traditions of the people.
Tecnología y Motivación: ¿somos capaces de medir su interacción?
Authors: López Vicente A. , Hidalgo Antonio
Published: September 2021

Tomando en consideración que la motivación en el trabajo puede mejorarse no solamente por el incremento de los niveles de responsabilidad, significado y retroalimentación que están incorporados en el trabajo (motivación intrínseca) sino también por el mejoramiento de las relaciones entre los trabajadores, las condiciones de trabajo y los incentivos (motivación extrínseca), se han desarrollado cuatro grupos de motivadores concretos los cuales conforman nuestro modelo motivacional. Para estos cuatro grupos de motivadores concretos se han derivado una cierta cantidad de dimensiones esenciales las cuales se han medido y evaluado, lo que nos brinda la posibilidad para el establecimiento, en términos de indicadores, de la relación entre la tecnología instalada y la motivación que inspira. Se realizaron dos aplicaciones del modelo propuesto: una primera en una universidad cubana y una segunda en varias instituciones mexicanas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la validez del modelo para la determinación de la calidad motivadora de los ambientes de trabajo.
Retos para la Dirección al invertir en sistemas de información: el usuario final, un elemento crítico
Authors: Calderón-Amaya José L. , Rodríguez-Monroy Carlos , Chaparro-Peláez Julián , Kira Dennis
Published: September 2021

Muchas organizaciones, a nivel mundial, continúan experimentando fuertes pérdidas al fracasar sus inversiones en sistemas de información (SI). Esta investigación empírica ha perseguido evaluar en qué grado cier tas variables relativas al usuario final, incluyendo subdimensiones sobre capacidades y actitudes, que han sido ignoradas o poco profundizadas por la investigación, están involucradas durante el desarrollo de los SI, así como lo fuerte que puede ser su impacto sobre el éxito de los mismos, al implementarlos. Se confirmó el alto nivel de relación e impacto esperados, concluyendo que en este dominio puede hallarse buena parte de la explicación a la problemática planteada.
Multi-item Inventory Problem: Literature Review and a Proposal for Practitioners
Authors: Cardós Carboneras Manuel , De la Fuente Aragón María Victoria , Ros McDonell Lorenzo
Published: September 2021

Los gestores de inventario tienen que asignar una política de inventario a cada artículo con el fin de satisfacer un nivel de servicio global requerido con el menor coste de inventario. En el presente documento se examina la bibliografía existente y, sobre la base de las investigaciones actuales, se proponen las opciones más apropiadas para su utilización práctica.
Changes in the level of cardiomarkers in the development of acute myocardial infarction on the background of chemotherapy of a patient with tongue cancer
Authors: Guskova N. K. , Vladimirova L. Yu. , Sycheva E. A. , Morozova A. A. , Rosenko D. A. , Donskaya A. K. , Selyutina O. N. , Skopintsev A. M. , Golomeeva N. V.
Published: September 2021

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Timely diagnosis and the introduction of new effective treatments, including intensive radiation and chemotherapy regimens, have significantly improved survival forecasts in recent years. At the same time, the use of these types of treatment increases the risk of complications, one of which includes chemotoxic cardiopathies. In this regard, timely detection and treatment of complications from the cardiovascular system in patients receiving chemotherapy courses in combination with surgical methods of treatment is important. This paper presents an assessment of the significance of the use of cardiomarkers in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction that developed during chemotherapy in a patient with tongue cancer with a complicated cardiac history. Patient M., 45 years old, was admitted for surgical treatment for cancer of the tongue St. IVA, T4aN1M0, cl. gr. 2. Planned laboratory and instrumental studies were performed. Contraindications for surgical treatment were not identified. A preoperative course of chemotherapy was performed, against the background of which the patient's condition worsened with symptoms of acute cardiopathy. A second ECG was urgently performed, as a result of which an increase in the ST segment in III, aVF was established, as well as a study of the concentration of cardiomarkers: highly sensitive troponin I, N-terminal propeptide of natriuretic hormone, creatine phosphokinase MB, myoglobin, the dynamics of changes in the level of which indicated the development of acute coronary syndrome. The complex application of diagnostic procedures, including the determination of the level of cardiomarkers, made it possible to timely diagnose the development of acute type 1 myocardial infarction in a patient with tongue cancer on the background of chemotherapy. When analyzing the entire array of clinical and laboratory data, the leading initiating factor that played a decisive role in the development of myocardial infarction in this case was, in our opinion, a preoperative course of polychemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin, which have cardiotoxicity. Thus, the category of patients with an initial unfavorable background, due to a common malignant process and the presence of a history of cardiodisfunction, requires more careful preparation for preoperative courses of polychemotherapy, including cardiotropic therapy with mandatory monitoring of the level of the main cardiomarkers. The most significant changes were in the levels of creatine phosphokinase MB, troponin I, and myoglobin, which were recorded in the first hours of myocardial infarction. An association was found between an increase in troponin I concentration and an increase in the ST segment of the electrocardiogram.
Functional state of cardiomyocyte mitochondria in malignant process in presence of comorbid pathology in experiment
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M. , Neskubina I. V. , Cheryarina N. D. , Surikova E. I. , Shikhlyarova A. I. , Bandovkina V. A. , Nemashkalova L. A. , Kaplieva I. V. , Trepitaki L. K. , Kachesova P. S. , Kotieva I. M. , Morozova M. I. , Pogorelova Yu. A.
Published: September 2021

Purpose of the study. An analysis of indices of free radical oxidation and respiration of mitochondria of heart cells in a malignant process in presence of diabetes mellitus and chronic neurogenic pain in experimental animals.Materials and methods. The study included outbred female rats (n=32) and С57ВL/6 female mice (n=84). Experimental groups of rats were: intact group 1 (n=8), control group 1 (n=8) with diabetes mellitus (DM), comparison group 1 (n=8) with standard subcutaneous transplantation of Guerin’s carcinoma, main group 1 (n=8) with Guerin’s carcinoma transplanted after 1 week of persistent hyperglycemia. Experimental groups of mice were: intact group 2 (n=21), control group 2 (n=21) with a model of chronic neurogenic pain (CNP), comparison group 2 (n=21) with standard subcutaneous transplantation of melanoma (B16/F10), main group 2 (n=21) (CNP+B16/F10) with melanoma transplanted 3 weeks after the CNP model creation. Heart mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation. Levels of cytochrome C (ng/mg of protein), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (ng/mg of protein), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (μmol/g of protein) were measured in mitochondrial samples by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 program.Results. DM in rats upregulated 8-OHdG by 6.3 times and MDA by 1.9 times (р=0.0000) and downregulated cytochrome C by 1.5 times (р=0.0053) in heart cell mitochondria, compared to intact values. DM+Guerin’s carcinoma in rats increased 8-OHdG by 14.0 times and MDA by 1.7 times (р=0.0000) and decreased cytochrome C by 1.5 times (р=0.0000), compared to intact values. CNP in mice did not affect the studied parameters in mitochondria of the heart. CNP+B16/F10 in mice increased 8-OHdG by 7.1 times and MDA by 1.6 times (р=0.0000) and decreased cytochrome C by 1.6 times (р=0.0008).Conclusions. Comorbidity (diabetes mellitus, chronic neurogenic pain) together with malignant pathology aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction of heart cells with destabilization of the respiratory chain mediated by free radical oxidation processes.
Influence of oncolytic strains of a new unclassified group of human rotaviruses on peripheral blood lymphocytes
Authors: Kit O. I. , Filippova S. Yu. , Timofeeva S. V. , Sitkovskaya A. O. , Zlatnik E. Yu. , Kolpakov S. A. , Kolpakova E. P. , Bondarenko E. S. , Novikova I. A.
Published: September 2021

Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of strains RVK100 and RVK228 of a new unclassified group of human rotaviruses on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro.Materials and methods. As a material for the study, we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy donor. The cells were exposed to two strains of rotaviruses RVK100 and RVK228 for 24 and 48 hours. The cytotoxicity of the tested viruses was assessed using the Colorimetric Cell Viability Kit I (WST-8) (PromoCell, Germany). Analysis of lymphocytes subpopulation composition was assessed on a FACSCantoII flow cytometer (BD, USA) using monoclonal antibodies to human antigens: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16/56, CD19, CD45, CD38, HLA-DR.Results. According to the cell viability test, there was no significant decrease in the number of living cells in the samples with the addition of viruses in comparison with the control. On the contrary, after 48 hours of cultivation in the samples with the addition of RVK228, the number of living cells was significantly higher than in the control. The study of lymphocytes subpopulation composition showed a relative increase in the number of early activation markers on T cells in samples with viruses, which was also more pronounced in samples with the addition of RVK228.Conclusion. The investigated strains of rotaviruses have no cytotoxic effect on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, the RVK228 strain is likely to have the ability to activate lymphocytes.
Biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Kharagezov D. A. , Lazutin Yu. N. , Zlatnik E. Yu. , Sagakyants A. B. , Mirzoyan E. A. , Milakin A. G. , Stateshny O. N. , Chubaryan A. V. , Leyman I. A.
Published: September 2021

The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibition has revolutionized the treatment of many solid malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can restore the antitumor immune response by blocking the inhibition of T-cell activation. Anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is currently the main biomarker of the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 / PD-L1 blockade in the treatment of NSCLC without driver mutations. High tumor mutational burden suggests an increased neoantigens load and has been associated with the effectiveness of ICI therapy. Microsatellite instability, a biomarker approved for immunotherapy across solid tumors, but it is uncommon in NSCLC. Primary resistance to ICIsis characteristic of NSCLC with driver mutations, acquired is associated with immunoediting resulting in the depletion of potentially immunogenic neoantigens. The review discusses recent advances and future directions for predicting the results of immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC.
Comparative efficacy and safety of different corticosteroids to reduce inflammatory complications after mandibular third molar surgery: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol
Authors:   INPLASY, Inc. Delaware, USA, Canellas Joao Vitor , Ritto Fabio ,   University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Tiwana Paul ,   University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Published: September 2021

Review question / Objective: This systematic review aims to compare the effects of different corticosteroids to reduce postoperative inflammatory complications (pain, edema, and trismus) after mandibular third molar surgery by applying a frequentist network meta-analysis approach. To this end, the proposed study will answer the following questions: 1) Among diverse corticosteroids currently available, what is the best preoperative option to control postoperative inflammatory complications? 2) What is the optimal dose and route of administration of corticosteroids prior to mandibular third molar surgery to control the pain, edema, and trismus induced by the surgery? Condition being studied: Inflammatory complications after mandibular third molar surgery (Pain, edema, and trismus).
Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine combined with Sorafenib in the treatment of primary liver cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Shen Dong , Xiong Zhuang , Liu Yangyang , Leng Yan , Deng Houbo , Wang Song , Meng Xiangtong , Liu Tiejun
Published: September 2021

The aim of this systematic review is to compare Chinese herbal medicine combined with Sorafenib in terms of efficacy and acceptability in the primary liver cancer to better inform clinical practice. To this end, the proposed systematic review will address the following question: Which is the best choice to reduce Efficacy and safety in Patients with primary liver cancer, Chinese herbal medicine combined with Sorafenib or Sorafenib.this systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the efficacy and Sorafenib combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of PLC. Information sources: We will search the following databases from inception up to September 8, 2021: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, AMED, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang. There will be no restrictions regarding publication date or language. We will apply a combination of medical keywords and words, including "Sorafenib", "Chinese herbal medicine" and "primary liver cancer". Additionally, we will manually search all reference lists from relevant systematic reviews to find other eligible studies.
The Employment –Wage Relationship Was Keynes right after all?
Authors: Apergis Nicholas ,   University of Aberdeen & University of Macedonia at Thessaloniki
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the existence and direction of a relationship between real wages and employment. Using a panel from ten different OECD countries, from 1950 to 2005, it applies panel cointegration and causality methodology. This study finds statistical evidence for a long run relationship between these two variables. However, it firmly rejects the hypothesis that wages cause employment in the short-run. Thus the results support Keynes’s view namely, real wages fall because employment increases, presumably via an increase in demand. The results imply that real wage reduction is not sufficient to induce an expansion of output and employment.
Fire in the Firehouse? Preference Falsification and Informal Economic Activity in Peru
Authors: Marcelli Enrico A. ,   Winston-Salem State University
Published: September 2021

Since Peru's independence from Spain in 1821, and more recently, beginning with the revolutionary doctrine of APRA's founder, Haya de la Torre in 1920, there have been multiple attempts to transform socio-political institutions opposed to mass inclusion of persons working within the 'informal sector'. Paradoxically, Peru has had a history of extremely poor social reform despite the long-term presence of considerable reformist sentiment. In fact, not until the Velasco-led military coup of 1968 did the country become ripe for authentic institutional change. This paper develops a method of studying institutional continuity and change based upon the existence of preference falsification, which until now has been used almost exclusively to model mass revolutionary efforts of a violent nature. The argument is made that to gain a better understanding of why there has never been a mass revolutionary effort in Peru, at least as it is commonly defined, it is necessary to investigate how individual private and public preferences are influenced by the share of society expected to participate
On Sraffa's q-System
Authors: Correa Romar
Published: September 2021

We propose a novel interpretation of Piero Sraffa’s (1960) Standard commodity: The solution price vector of his subsistence production system is invariant to an equivalence transformation of the constants of the problem only in the case of the Standard system.
Anti, Alternative, and Post: A Review of Post-Growth A Review of Post-Growth Approaches to Radical Transformation in the Global South
Authors: Hollender Rebecca
Published: September 2021

A diverse set of post-growth theories, proposals, and practices are emerging out of dramatically different contexts across the Global South in response to the recognition that the negative impacts of economic growth are rooted in dominant global systems including development, capitalism, and coloniality.  The emergence of post-growth comes after decades of failed attempts by reform-based approaches, such as sustainable development, limits to growth, and alter-globalization, to meet environmental and social objectives.  While reform-based approaches provide important tools for calculating appropriate limits for growth and promoting sustainability agendas, they do not address growth’s embeddedness in dominant systems.  Also, reform measures often neglect the historical and spatial complexities of poverty, inequality, and environmental problems in Southern societies, rendering these approaches inappropriate and/or infeasible.  As a result, a number of radical post-growth theories, including political ecology, post-development, anti-globalization, anti-capitalism, capitalist crisis critique, decolonial theory, and post-ideological anarchism reject system reform and call for the creation of alternatives that address the unique circumstances of the Global South.  Despite having disparate conceptualizations of the global systems of domination, radical post-growth theories largely converge around the politics and processes of change, espousing the construction of ‘alternatives to’ via a series of radical democratic practices including open-endedness, pluriversality, and prefigurative politics.  Through an examination of the academic approaches that engage with post-growth in the Global South, this review will contribute to understanding and potentiating Southern efforts at anti-systemic transformation.  It will reveal how different radical post-growth theories (1) identify and understand the systems of domination responsible for upholding the primacy of economic growth; (2) contemplate Southern contexts and concerns; and (3) foment long-term processes of building anti-systemic alternatives.  It will identify some practical impediments to moving beyond post-growth theories to implementable proposals, policies, and practices, many of which are exemplified by post-extractivist efforts in Peru.
Hitler's Money The Bills of Exchange and Rearmament in the Third Reich
Authors: Preparata Guido  Giacomo
Published: September 2021

The economic recovery under Hitler stands as a remarkable feat of financial swiftness. Consummated in less than four years, the Nazi resurgance could vault by the end of 1938 the erasure of nearly eight million unemployed, the total absense of inflationary pangs, and the most ravaging army one could then conceive. The monetary contrivances behind such a conjuring of awesome potency were imagined by a team of traditional bankers, headed by Reicksbankprasident Hjalmar Schacht. It is here argued that the financial underlining of the Nazi episode is but a variation of the famous 'monetary sleight-of-hand' that Mephisto played before the Kaiser in Goethe's Faust. Theatrical prophecy and war expectancy mix uncannily in this unique example of economic expediency acheived without the least concern for ideological etiquette.
POLITICO-ECONOMIC TRANSITIONS EVOLUTION AND GROWTH
Authors: Goorha Prateek
Published: September 2021

A theory that provides intuitive understanding of a process a s complex as simultaneous political regime transition and growth in economic income would be a valuable addition to Political Science. In this paper, I attempt to provide such an explanation by emplo ying simple insights from evolutionary game theory and developing their application to politico-economic transitions by borrowing freely from various other bodies of literature including economic growth, spatial voting models, and comparative politics. The result is a theoretical frame that comfortably deals with transition as a relatively smoother dynamic and provides some explanation for how regime transition might occur. It also provide's an example of a learning strategy for politicians, which generates the credibility required for successful economic reform and a rationale for democratization.
A Critique of A Marxist Critique Of Thorstein Veblen
Authors: Mouhammed Adil H.
Published: September 2021

Over his career, Thorstein Veblen provided the economics profession with a magnificent economic theory which later proved superior to other economic theories. His principle theory concerns the microeconomic foundations of reserve productive capacity and mark-up pricing. He also examines macroeconomic theory dealing with inflation, unemployment, the business cycle, productivity and income distribution, and economic development. His entire economic theory is ultimately critical of imperialism, militarism, and patriotism, as well as the higher plane capitalism in its zenith of large corporations and financial magnates. Given all these contributions, Marxist economists such as Sweezy, Baran, Dowd, and Hunt have criticized Veblen’s work as being grounded in Say’s Law. They criticize Veblen for having no adequate theory of investment and employment, a weak theory of imperialism, an incomplete theory of the business cycle, a tendency to racism, weak materialism, and so on. This paper aims at providing a condensed review of Veblen’s economic theory within his evolutionary framework, and criticizes the Marxist critique of Veblen’s work. It is hoped that this paper will convince Veblen’s critics of the significant value of his work.
0-2 Yaş Bebeğe Sahip Babaların Baba-Bebek Bağlanması ve İlişkili Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: PÜNDÜK YILMAZ Melike , ÖREN Besey , TARHAN Pınar
Published: September 2021

Amaç: 0-2 yaş bebeği olan ailelerde baba-bebek bağlanması ve bağlanmayı etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapılan çalışma; Ocak ve Haziran 2018 tarihlerinde, İstanbul’daki bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’nde yürütüldü. Araştırma 0-2 yaşında bebeği olan 150 baba ile tamamlandı. Veriler; Baba- Bebek Bağlanma Ölçeği ve Baba- Bebek Tanıtım Formu kullanılarak toplandı. Çalışma verileri, tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metodlar, bağımsız örneklem t testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans analizi (ANOVA), Tukey Testi ve Pearson Korelasyon Testi ile yapıldı. Anlamlılık ise p
Challenges of Equal Church Policies on Rural Pastors and Congregants: The Case of Three Classical Pentecostal Churches in Ghana
Authors: Wiredu Job
Published: September 2021

Classical Pentecostal Churches in Ghana have various policies to guide their operations such as; administrative structure, functions of various office holders, their terms of office, activities guidelines and many more. Using the qualitative research approach, the paper finds out challenges faced by rural Classical Pentecostal Pastors, families, and congregants in Ghana with regards to policy generalization, which often fails to address some specific challenges of rural folks. Based on results from interviews conducted, this paper offers various recommendations which if adopted would help minimize the challenges of marginalization faced by pastors, their families and the church congregants to the enhancement of their holistic development.

Keywords: Equality, Equity, Policies, Generalization, Rural Pastors
Autonomía y gestión universitaria según la Ley 30220: Estudio de Caso
Authors: Oré León Aarón José Alberto , Velásquez Fernández Velázquez Ángel Ramón ,   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Norabuena Castañeda Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

En el Perú del siglo XXI se discute injustamente sobre la vigencia histórica de la Reforma Universitaria de Córdoba, desconociendo su importancia en la evolución de las universidades durante el siglo XX. La figura de Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, primer presidente de la Federación de Estudiantes del Perú y representante de los acuerdos del I Congreso de Estudiantes en el Cusco, se acrecienta al recordar su impecable participa ción en las jornadas de la Reforma y su relación con el nacimiento en el Perú de la conciencia reformista, las cuales fueron el origen de las páginas de conquista por los derechos políticos y sociales más importantes de la época y que perduran hasta nuestros días. Es por ello que esta investigación se compone de información recopilada con el fin de evaluar los alcances de la Ley N.° 30220 y su aplicación en el país a partir del caso de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal donde, a todas luces, se evitó de manera expresa respetar los más elementales requerimientos de la autonomía universitaria.
EXPENDITURE FLUCTUATION AND CONSUMPTION LOSS: RURAL SPATIAL POVERTY IN CHINA
Authors: Luo Xiang , Qin Jingjing , Wan Qing
Published: September 2021

Poverty is a challenge faced by all countries worldwide. This paper focuses on a factor that has been less well documented: the consumption loss of farmer households caused by the fluctuation of rural public expenditure. Based on large-scale micro household data and climate data, the instrumental variable estimation results show that every 1% fluctuation of rural public expenditure will lead to a 0.113% decrease in farm household consumption. In addition, the fluctuation of rural public expenditure is also a main cause of long-term consumption loss of farmer households. Furthermore, it was found that the impact of rural public expenditure fluctuation on consumption loss is of certain spatial heterogeneity. The worse the spatial environment is, the more serious the consumption loss will be. The policy suggestion of this paper is to ensure a stable scale of rural public expenditure through the central transfer payment, so as to improve the ability of local governments to implement counter cyclical public policies, and transform local finance (industrial investment) into public finance (infrastructure and education) to improve the local space environment. Overall, this study reveals the impact of spatial externality on rural poverty from the perspective of public expenditure fluctuation, and at the same time provides empirical evidence for a better evaluation of the relationship between development and poverty and support for rational regional anti-poverty policies.
Roaming the Relativistic Realm: Short-term Dynamical Evolution of Atira 2021 PH27
Authors: de la Fuente Marcos Carlos , de la Fuente Marcos Raúl
Published: September 2021

General relativity effects coupled with those derived from the von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai mechanism may play a significant role on the evolution of members of the Atira dynamical class, particularly in the case of those with the shortest sidereal orbital periods. Here, we provide a preliminary assessment of the short-term orbital evolution of 2021 PH27, a recently discovered Atira that has the shortest period among known asteroids. Our calculations, based on a publicly available orbit determination and including post-Newtonian terms in the numerical integrations, show that 2021 PH27 is a robust member of the Atira class and it may indeed be used to explore the combined effects of general relativity and the von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai mechanism once its orbit determination is sufficiently improved.
Neptune Odyssey: A Flagship Concept for the Exploration of the Neptune–Triton System
Authors: Rymer Abigail M. , Runyon Kirby D. , Clyde Brenda , Núñez Jorge I. , Nikoukar Romina , Soderlund Krista M. , Sayanagi Kunio , Hofstadter Mark , Quick Lynnae C. , Stern S. Alan , Becker Tracy , Hedman Matthew , Cohen Ian , Crary Frank , Fortney Jonathan J. , Vertesi Janet , Hansen Candy , de Pater Imke , Paty Carol , Spilker Thomas , Stallard Tom , Hospodarsky George B. , Smith H. Todd , Wakeford Hannah , Moran Sarah E. , Annex Andrew , Schenk Paul , Ozimek Martin , Arrieta Juan , McNutt Ralph L. , Masters Adam , Simon Amy A. , Ensor Susan , Apland Clint T. , Bruzzi Jonathan , Patthoff D. Alex , Scott Christopher , Campo Christian , Krupiarz Christopher , Cochrane Corey J. , Gantz Curt , Rodriguez Dan , Gallagher Dan , Hurley Dana , Crowley Doug , Abel Elizabeth , Provornikova Elena , Turtle Elizabeth P. , Clark George , Wilkes Jacob , Hunt Jack , Roberts James H. , Rehm Jeremy , Murray Kelvin , Wolfarth Larry , Fletcher Leigh N. , Spilker Linda , Martin Emily S. , Parisi Marzia , Norkus Mike , Izenberg Noam , Stough Robert , Vervack Ron J. , Mandt Kathleen , Stevenson Kevin B. , Kijewski Seth , Cheng Weilun , Feldman Jay D. , Allen Gary , Prabhu Dinesh , Dutta Soumya , Young Cindy , Williams Joseph
Published: September 2021

The Neptune Odyssey mission concept is a Flagship-class orbiter and atmospheric probe to the Neptune–Triton system. This bold mission of exploration would orbit an ice-giant planet to study the planet, its rings, small satellites, space environment, and the planet-sized moon Triton. Triton is a captured dwarf planet from the Kuiper Belt, twin of Pluto, and likely ocean world. Odyssey addresses Neptune system-level science, with equal priorities placed on Neptune, its rings, moons, space environment, and Triton. Between Uranus and Neptune, the latter is unique in providing simultaneous access to both an ice giant and a Kuiper Belt dwarf planet. The spacecraft—in a class equivalent to the NASA/ESA/ASI Cassini spacecraft—would launch by 2031 on a Space Launch System or equivalent launch vehicle and utilize a Jupiter gravity assist for a 12 yr cruise to Neptune and a 4 yr prime orbital mission; alternatively a launch after 2031 would have a 16 yr direct-to-Neptune cruise phase. Our solution provides annual launch opportunities and allows for an easy upgrade to the shorter (12 yr) cruise. Odyssey would orbit Neptune retrograde (prograde with respect to Triton), using the moon's gravity to shape the orbital tour and allow coverage of Triton, Neptune, and the space environment. The atmospheric entry probe would descend in ∼37 minutes to the 10 bar pressure level in Neptune's atmosphere just before Odyssey's orbit-insertion engine burn. Odyssey's mission would end by conducting a Cassini-like “Grand Finale,” passing inside the rings and ultimately taking a final great plunge into Neptune's atmosphere.
A Comprehensive Revisit of Select Galileo/NIMS Observations of Europa
Authors: Mishra Ishan , Lewis Nikole , Lunine Jonathan , Hand Kevin P. , Helfenstein Paul , Carlson R. W. , MacDonald Ryan J.
Published: September 2021

The Galileo Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) collected spectra of Europa in the 0.7–5.2 μm wavelength region, which have been critical to improving our understanding of the surface composition of this moon. However, most of the work done to get constraints on abundances of species like water ice, hydrated sulfuric acid, hydrated salts, and oxides has used proxy methods, such as absorption strength of spectral features or fitting a linear mixture of laboratory-generated spectra. Such techniques neglect the effect of parameters degenerate with the abundances, such as the average grain size of particles, or the porosity of the regolith. In this work we revisit three Galileo NIMS spectra, collected from observations of the trailing hemisphere of Europa, and use a Bayesian inference framework, with the Hapke reflectance model, to reassess Europa’s surface composition. Our framework has several quantitative improvements relative to prior analyses: (1) simultaneous inclusion of amorphous and crystalline water ice, sulfuric-acid-octahydrate (SAO), CO2, and SO2; (2) physical parameters like regolith porosity and radiation-induced band-center shift; and (3) tools to quantify confidence in the presence of each species included in the model, constrain their parameters, and explore solution degeneracies. We find that SAO strongly dominates the composition in the spectra considered in this study, while both forms of water ice are detected at varying confidence levels. We find no evidence of either CO2 or SO2 in any of the spectra; we further show through a theoretical analysis that it is highly unlikely that these species are detectable in any 1–2.5 μm Galileo NIMS data.
Development of Smartphone-Based Early Alerts and Mosquito Monitoring System and Geographic Instrument System Applications
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Sofia Sofia , Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: At present, dengue fever is a threat to society and causes rapid death. Aedes aegypti mosquito bites can transmit disease to the public. Environmental factors in society are the primary role that can transmit Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). AIM: Creating a survey system using a smartphone for early alertness to larva monitoring in the Darul Imarah sub-district, Aceh Besar district. METHODS: This study used a descriptive quantitative approach which was carried out by the survey method. The research location is located in Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar District. Primary data contain the value of the Container index (CI), House index (HI), and Breteau index (BI). This study’s population was all cadres of Juru Jentik (jumantik) in the area of Darul Imarah District, AcehBesar District. The sample in this study was taken from a cadre of larva monitoring officers (jumantik) in the district of Darul Imarah, Aceh Besar. The data collection stage includes data collection of DHF cases from the Puskesmas and data entry. Then proceed with taking the coordinates of the research location and entering the HI and CI, and News Index (BI) data. Data collection begins with data buffering, grouping, and kernel density to be processed into Geographics Instrument System (GIS)-based data. then Analyze descriptive data to describe Smartphone Link. Next, Analytical Analysis of GIS Research Instruments is carried out followed by a checklist of CI, HI, BI data. RESULTS: The results of research on larvae monitoring in Darul Imarah sub-district, it is known that of the 120 houses that were inspected for larvae, 74 houses were cheerful 46 houses were negative for larvae. The number of containers inspected from 120 houses was 502, with the results that 309 houses were found to be larvae and 193 houses were not found. The HI value obtained was 62%, the CI value was 61%, the BI value was 103%, the larva-free number value obtained was 38.3%. Based on these results, it is known that the density figure level is at the larva density level, which is included in the high-density category. In 2018, there were 16 cases of DHF in Darul Imarah District; in 2019, it increased to 60 cases, and in 2020 to 13 cases. The results of buffer analysis in the zone 50 m from the dengue case sufferer’s house showed that mosquitoes originating from the house of the dengue case sufferers were a risk factor that resulted in the transmission of dengue. CONCLUSION: From the survey results, it is known that the density figure is in the high larva density category. The smartphone method is better used for larva density surveys by cadres than manual. Regular larva monitoring will increase this alert system to anticipate cases.
Environmental Health-Based Post-Coal Mine Policy in East Borneo
Authors: Absori Absori , Yulianingrum Aulia Vivi , Dimyati Khudzaifah , Harun Harun , Budiono Arief , Disemadi Hari Sutra
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Post-coal mine activities must be carried out by considering good management principles, to avoid negative environmental impacts, especially to avoid land surface imbalance, to avoid destruction of flora and fauna, and more importantly, to maintain the public health. The post-mining regulations based on the priorities of public health and environmental sustainability are designed to increase the human resource quality for the interests of regional development. AIM: This study aims to describe the post-coal mine policy in East Borneo and to formulate the post-coal mine policy as a form of control over ex-mine land from the aspect of environmental health. METHODS: This study uses the qualitative research design. It is a sociolegal type of research with the case study approach toward the currently developing post-coal mine reclamation. This study uses the fishbone analysis. RESULTS: The results of this research show that the supervision toward the ex-mines is still weak. It leads to expanding environmental destruction and some of the companies’ ignorance toward reclamation and post-mining obligations. This condition impacts the water quality, as it is the people’s necessity in fulfilling their basic needs. CONCLUSION: There needs to be a post-coal mine regulation through policies which prioritize environmental sustainability and public health. It includes the optimization of the ex-mine supervision, new regulations as the implementation of the central government’s constitutional regulation, and inspection of environmental health in achieving quality human resources of the region.
Case Report: Lesson Learned from Rehabilitation Medicine Point of View for an Elderly with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Defi Irma Ruslina , Andre Andre , Sastradimadja Sunaryo Barki , Faried Ahmad
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is characterized by an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles or cavities of the brain. The objective of the case report was to define the importance of physical medicine and rehabilitation intervention as an approach for an elderly patient with NPH.

CASE REPORT: A 75-year-old woman presented with a balance and gait disturbance after injury from a motor vehicle accident. The patient experience Hakim’s triad (gait disturbance, urinary frequency, and mild cognitive impairment), and her computed tomography scan of the head revealed ventriculomegaly, multiple lacunar infarctions on the paraventricle, and cerebral atrophy, which could indicate NPH. Balance and gait training, cardiopulmonary training, and environment modification were interventions from physical medicine and rehabilitation provided to this patient.

CONCLUSION: An elderly patient with NPH should receive physical medicine and rehabilitation intervention to prevent falls, improve functional ability, and improve quality of life.