bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A SY-Stematic approach towards understanding stem cell biology
Authors: Pilz Gregor-Alexander , Knobloch Marlen
Published: June 2019

The 2nd SY-Stem Symposium – a symposium for ‘the next generation of stem cell researchers’ – was held on the 21-23 March 2019 at the Vienna BioCenter in Austria. After the great success of the initial SY-Stem meeting in 2018, this year's event again focused on the work of young scientists. Here, we summarize the impressive amount of new research covering stem cell-related fields that was discussed at the meeting.
Commonalities and Peculiarities of the Return to Life of Holocaust Survivors in their Home Countries: The Dutch and Greek Cases in Context
Authors: Michman Dan
Published: June 2019

This article provides a survey of the main characteristics of the return process of Jewish survivors of the Holocaust to their home countries in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, with the goal to contextualise and compare the return to the Netherlands and Greece.
Rebuilding Jewish Communities after the Holocaust: The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee’s Relief Programme in Postwar Greece
Authors: Tzafleris Nikos
Published: June 2019

In the postwar chaos of the Greek Civil War, the Greek state was practically absent in the effort to rebuild the country’s Jewish communities and provide for their particular, post-Holocaust needs. The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee came to fill this gap. The JDC organised and handled the assistance from American Jews to their coreligionists in Greece, both at the level of distributing humanitarian aid and of reconstituting community life. The JDC played a significant role in reshaping the communal life of postwar Greek Jewry along American lines. This article is mostly focused on the immediate postwar years, when JDC officials sought to establish a network to help Greek Jews cover their most immediate and elementary needs.
Prominent Jews: the Absence and Presence of Jews in Postwar Netherlands
Authors: De Haan Ido
Published: June 2019

One of the most striking aspects of the Jewish community in the Netherlands after 1945 is the small number of people that belong to it. Despite their striking absence in Dutch society, Dutch Jews are a highly visible group. There are many ways, places and moments in which Jews have played a prominent role in Dutch society, and there are many issues in public debates that concern Jews. This article aims to reflect on this prominence, for it is neither self-evident nor unproblematic. Is not the claim to some special Jewish contribution an excess of Jewish pride, or an overdrawn philosemitism, which sets Jews apart much in the same way as antisemitism does? Such questions can only be answered experimentally, by looking at what happens when we analyse the remarkable presence of Jews in Dutch society. Is there an overrepresentation of actual Jews or an overdetermination of Dutch culture by symbolic Jews? Is there a decisive influence, a specific Jewish colouring and obsessive probing of the limits of Jewish life in a post-Holocaust society or nothing conclusive at all?
Rolf Petri, A Short History of Western Ideology: A Critical Account
Authors: Taccola Sebastiano
Published: June 2019

Review of Rolf Petri, A Short History of Western Ideology: A Critical Account. London: Bloomsbury, 2018. 243 pp.
After the Tempest: The Post-Holocaust years in the Netherlands and in Greece
Authors: Benveniste Henriette-Rika , Hantzaroula Pothiti
Published: June 2019

This special issue of Historein offers new documentation and insights in a new area of historical research by contextualising different aspects of Jewish history in the Netherlands and in Greece: efforts to come to terms with sadness and loneliness due to the loss of the family, restitution struggles, disillusionment and hopes, persisting antisemitism, and political constraints. Any effort to better understand those years has to overcome traditional constraints and divisions between “internal” and “external” histories of the Jewish communities. Our issue points in the direction of the transnational approach. The dismantling of narratives that subsumed Jewish victims and their experiences under the general battle against fascism formed the basis for comparative studies that use various axes around which research questions revolve: time as a parameter for understanding the shifts in identities in relation to political and social contexts, the development of welfare politics that emerged as an antidote to the catastrophe, the generational experiences that established new memory frames, and the responses to conflicting memories. We need, at the same time, to remind ourselves that the demise of the “antifascist” narrative that shaped the postwar period was substituted by the “free market” one in European memories, which enabled the articulation of opinions whose expression was not accepted without difficulty in the public sphere. The rise of far-right movements across Europe makes all the more pertinent the comprehension of the economic exploitation and ideological factors that shaped conflicting memories. We hope that the research from the perspective of postwar Jewish experience and its comparative dimension paves the way for the enrichment of the research agenda and will allow us to better understand our contemporary world and those who made it.
Henriette-Rika Benveniste, Λούνα: Δοκίμιο ιστορικής βιογραφίας [Luna: an essay in historical biography]
Authors: Kavala Maria
Published: June 2019

Review of Henriette-Rika Benveniste. Λούνα: Δοκίμιο ιστορικής βιογραφίας [Luna: an essay in historical biography]. Athens: Polis, 2017. 222 pp.
Recent advances in personalizing cardiac arrest resuscitation
Authors: Kuschner Cyrus E. , Becker Lance B.
Published: June 2019

Cardiac arrest remains a significant cause of death and disability throughout the world. However, as our understanding of cardiac arrest and resuscitation physiology has developed, new technologies are fundamentally altering our potential to improve survival and neurologic sequela. Some advances are relatively simple, requiring only alterations in current basic life support measures or integration with pre-hospital organization, whereas others, such as extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, require significant time and resource investments. When combined with consistent rescuer and patient-physiologic monitoring, these innovations allow an unprecedented capacity to personalize cardiac arrest resuscitation to patient-specific pathophysiology. However, as more extensive options are established, it can be difficult for providers to incorporate novel resuscitation techniques into a cardiac arrest protocol which can fit a wide variety of cases with varying complexity. This article will explore recent advances in our understanding of cardiac arrest physiology and resuscitation sciences, with particular focus on the metabolic phase after significant ischemia has been induced. To this end, we establish a practical consideration for providers seeking to integrate novel advances in cardiac arrest resuscitation into daily practice.
A renewed tool kit to explore Chlamydia pathogenesis: from molecular genetics to new infection models
Authors: Dolat Lee , Valdivia Raphael H
Published: June 2019

Chlamydia trachomatisis the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen and the leading cause of preventable blindness in the developing world.C. trachomatisinvades the epithelium of the conjunctiva and genital tract and replicates within an intracellular membrane-bound compartment termed the inclusion. To invade and replicate in mammalian cells,Chlamydiaremodels epithelial surfaces by reorganizing the cytoskeleton and cell–cell adhesions, reprograms membrane trafficking, and modulates cell signaling to dampen innate immune responses. If the infection ascends to the upper female genital tract, it can result in pelvic inflammatory disease and tissue scarring.C. trachomatisinfections are associated with infertility, ectopic pregnancies, the fibrotic disorder endometriosis, and potentially cancers of the cervix and uterus. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms by which this clinically important human pathogen subverts host cellular functions and causes disease have remained relatively poorly understood because of the dearth of molecular genetic tools to studyChlamydiaeand limitations of bothin vivoandin vitroinfection models. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the experimental molecular tool kit available to dissectC. trachomatisinfections with a special focus onChlamydia-induced epithelial barrier disruption by regulating the structure, function, and dynamics of epithelial cell–cell junctions.
Neisseria meningitidis has acquired sequences within the capsule locus by horizontal genetic transfer
Authors: Clemence Marianne E. A. , Harrison Odile B. , Maiden Martin C. J.
Published: June 2019

Background:Expression of a capsule from one of serogroups A, B, C, W, X or Y is usually required forNeisseria meningitidis(Nme) to cause invasive meningococcal disease. The capsule is encoded by the capsule locus,cps, which is proposed to have been acquired by a formerly capsule null organism by horizontal genetic transfer (HGT) from another species. Following identification of putative capsule genes in non-pathogenicNeisseriaspecies, this hypothesis is re-examined.

Methods:Whole genome sequence data fromNeisseriaspecies, includingNmegenomes from a diverse range of clonal complexes and capsule genogroups, and non-Neisseriaspecies, were obtained from PubMLST and GenBank. Sequence alignments of genes from the meningococcalcps, and predicted orthologues in other species, were analysed using Neighbor-nets, BOOTSCANing and maximum likelihood phylogenies.

Results:The meningococcalcpswas highly mosaic within regions B, C and D. A subset of sequences within regions B and C were phylogenetically nested within homologous sequences belonging toN. subflava, consistent with HGT event in whichN. subflavawas the donor. In thecpsof 23/39 isolates, the two copies of region D were highly divergent, withrfbABC’sequences being more closely related to predicted orthologues in the proposed speciesN. weixii (GenBank accession numberCP023429.1) than the same genes inNmeisolates lacking a capsule. There was also evidence of mosaicism in therfbABC’sequences of the remaining 16 isolates, as well asrfbABCfrom many isolates.

Conclusions:Data are consistent with theen blocacquisition ofcpsin meningococci fromN. subflava, followed by further recombination events with otherNeisseriaspecies. Nevertheless, the data cannot refute an alternative model, in which native meningococcal capsule existed prior to undergoing HGT withN. subflavaand other species. Within-genus recombination events may have given rise to the diversity of meningococcal capsule serogroups.
The Use of Mathematical Tasks for Development by Younger Schoolchildren Skills of Research Activities
Authors: Келдибекова Аида , Keldibekova Aida , Омаралиев Абдималик , Omaraliev Abdimalik
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the formation of research competence of primary schoolchildren through the use of heterogeneous mathematical tasks. The author analyses the types of classifications of mathematical tasks of different types that contribute to the activation and development of thinking in younger schoolchildren: creative tasks and tasks, the solution of which leads to the emergence of a new idea. It justifies the conclusion that the work on the development of logical thinking and the formation of a non-standard approach to solving problems in the course of teaching mathematics can and should start from the first grade.
Analysis and Evaluation of the Exposure of External Environmental Factors to the Business Processes of Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Андросова Ирина , Androsova Irina , Генералова Анна , Generalova Anna
Published: June 2019

The management of each industrial enterprise seeks to make a forecast of current activities and new projects with substantiation of the main financial parameters (such as revenues, profits, tax deductions, etc.). The implementation of the formation of forecast indicators using the construction of financial models that are in demand when investing funds, both commercial and state structures in the development of industry does not take into account the influence of environmental parameters directly in the modeling process. The study presented in this article was devoted to determining the influence of environmental factors in which an industrial enterprise operates on its performance and the formation of a system for evaluating this impact through the elements of a financial and economic model. The authors consider and detail such market factors as: supply, demand, product features, state influence, macroeconomic factors, take into account direct and indirect influence, and also offer a system for reflecting the degree of environmental influence when modeling an enterprise using scoring coefficients. The practical value of this study lies in the fact that the proposed adjustments make it possible to more thoroughly make a forecast and, therefore, improve the accuracy of calculations, which is undoubtedly important when making management and investment decisions.
The Modern Aspect of the Perception of the Term “Collateral Portfolio”
Authors: Тищенко А. , Tischenko A.
Published: June 2019

The tendencies in the development of credit relations formed in the conditions of changing the technological structure create in the banking sector the need to rethink and update the conceptual apparatus. The article considers domestic and international experience in applying the term “collateral portfolio” and defines the essence of the main constituent elements of this term. The author analyzed the historical aspect of the formation of collateral relations and revealed the role of collateral in the framework of civil law and socio-economic systems. The forms of perception of the considered term at the present stage of development of the banking sector, which have arisen under the influence of digital technologies, have been determined. As a result, the author has formulated the concept of the term “collateral portfolio”, which expands the potential of its use from the perspective of the modern aspect of credit and security relations. The resulting concept will provide an opportunity to consider the whole range of options for applying a pledged portfolio within cyber-physical systems and make full use of portfolio theory, fundamental and technical analysis, as well as other modern tools, while managing them. In addition, the article identifies the distinctive features of the term “pledged portfolio” from similar in terms of the terms “pledged pool”, “pledged assets” or “pledged mass”. Such an approach allowed not only to distinguish the studied term from similar ones and to eliminate the discord of definition, but also to form a clearer perception of the term, which will give scientists the opportunity to accurately understand the boundaries of the phenomenon under study, rather than defining them again every time.
Patellar luxation in dogs
Authors: Lopez de la oliva Cases Paula , Grierson James
Published: June 2019

Patellar luxation is one of the most common orthopaedic diseases in dogs. Medial luxation occurs more frequently than lateral, and females and small-breed dogs are overrepresented. Diagnosis can be achieved with a simple orthopaedic examination, but the use of imaging is essential to determine what deformities have caused the patellar luxation and therefore aid planning surgical intervention. Surgery is recommended in patients that are clinically affected and is normally a combination of trochleoplasty, tibial tuberosity transposition and imbrication techniques. The prognosis is generally favourable following surgery, although surgery does not prevent the progression of osteoarthritis.
Nutrition for kittens
Authors: Hemmings Clare
Published: June 2019

Nutritional requirements were set for dogs way back in 1971 by the National Research Council, with cats' needs going broadly unrecognised and certainly undifferentiated from those of dogs until 1986. However, the nutritional requirements of cats are very different from dogs in all stages of life, from pregnancy through lactation, their rapid growth period and throughout the remainder of their lives. This article looks in depth at each different stage of growth, noting some of the specific nutritional peculiarities of cats and provides important information to allow veterinary staff to make informed feeding recommendations to kitten owners.
Canine immune-mediated thrombocytopenia
Authors: Holt Susan , Riley Isabell
Published: June 2019

Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT) is a common disease in dogs. Primary IMT is idiopathic, while secondary IMT can result from a variety of infectious agents or some treatments. Symptoms may include lethargy, anorexia and mild pyrexia, together with a low platelet count and associated bleeding disorders. Prognosis is generally positive, but reduced with presence of melena or raised blood urea nitrogen. Treatment will include some form of immunosuppressive therapy, such as prednisolone, which can have multiple side effects. Nursing the IMT patient will aim at monitoring and reducing spontaneous haemorrhage and managing treatment side effects. To ensure owner understanding and compliance, it is vital to discuss these side effects and any appropriate home adjustments so an achievable plan can be developed for home care.
The solo self-employed person and intrinsic financial security: does the promotion of self-employment institutionalise dualisation?
Authors: Tammelin Mia
Published: June 2019

Self-employment has been promoted as a path to gainful employment in Finland and elsewhere. But recently there has been increasing concern in Finland about the position of those who are selfemployed, particularly the solo self-employed, who are often insecure, especially in terms of their financial situation. This study discusses the dualisation of labour markets and the intrinsic dimension of financial security among those who are solo self-employed. Using survey data on solo selfemployment in Finland, the study finds that financial insecurity is particularly experienced by solo self-employed people who start a business because of a lack of other employment opportunities.
554. Pueblos indígenas en la frontera bonaerense. Los asentamientos de “indios amigos” durante el siglo XIX
Authors: Yuln Melina
Published: June 2019

Durante los últimos años, las investigaciones de historia territorial han introducido un nuevo abordaje metodológico que articuló aspectos históricos clásicos con el uso crítico de fuentes documentales gráficas para el estudio del territorio de la provincia de Buenos Aires. De este modo, la organización del territorio -su poblamiento, la conformación física de pueblos, asentamientos o colonias, su subdivisión o sus representaciones cartográficas- puede examinarse a partir del análisis del plano o el mapa. Este trabajo aborda los procesos de construcción territorial en la pampa bonaerense durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, particularmente en torno a las modalidades de ocupación y reconocimiento de tierras –por parte del estado- a las tribus indígenas que habitaban en distintos sectores de la frontera sur y oeste.
557. Geografía de la crisis inmobiliaria en Cataluña: una lectura a partir de los desahucios por ejecución hipotecaria
Authors: Gutiérrez Aaron , Delclòs Xavier
Published: June 2019

El estallido de la burbuja inmobiliaria y la crisis financiera global han permitido destapar de forma más evidente las consecuencias del modelo inmobiliario español, basado en la concepción de la vivienda como un instrumento de creación y apropiación de rentas, y apoyado en una progresiva financiarización de la vivienda. Así, la proliferación de vivienda vacía o inacabada, mientras se desbocan los desahucios, representa la principal manifestación de una situación paradójica.El trabajo desarrolla un análisis en clave territorial de la crisis inmobiliaria en Cataluña. Para ello, una de las variables clave es el estudio de los desahucios por ejecución hipotecaria. Ante la falta de datos oficiales sobre el volumen y distribución de este fenómeno a una escala inferior a la provincial o a la del partido judicial, el trabajo propone el uso de las viviendas de segunda mano propiedad de la banca como fuente secundaria alternativa. Ello permite desarrollar una aproximación a este fenómeno a escala inframunicipal a través de tres casos de estudio (Tarragona, Terrassa y Salt). Además de confirmar la utilidad de esta fuente, los resultados del trabajo permiten demostrar empíricamente como los desahucios por ejecución hipotecaria han tendido a concentrarse en aquellos barrios más desfavorecidos, contribuyendo, así, a profundizar la desigualdad en las ciudades.
579. Lo colonial como fuente de autenticidad de los Centros Históricos de las ciudades mexicanas. El doble colonialismo
Authors: Flores Rodríguez Carlos Enrique , Ramos Delgado Raymundo
Published: June 2019

Bajo distintas concepciones y categorías, las originarias trazas y arquitectura de las ciudades empiezan a ser preocupación principalmente después de la segunda guerra mundial. Desde entonces, y ante una creciente industria de turismo global, la ciudad se ha convertido en un objeto de consumo de masas y de inversión inmobiliaria a la que se le ha exigido, para ser digerible, una definición y una caracterización. Aunque en México desde la década del treinta del siglo pasado ya hay breves intentos, la instauración de políticas e instrumentos para su conservación inicia cuatro décadas después. En esta búsqueda se desplegaron diversos posicionamientos. El máscontradictorio, sin embargo, se resumiría en aquel en donde las instituciones encargadas adoptaron un papel más allá de lo protagónico que, en algunos casos, desembocó en la sustitución de los saberes y voluntades de la sociedad. Tomando como objeto a la histórica ciudad virreinal de Tepic Nayarit, desde un enfoque historicista hermenéutico, en el presente trabajose describe y se reflexiona en las consecuencias de su sujeción a un modelo ingenuo de provincia mexicana, así como las posibles implicaciones que esta imposición genera en el natural desenvolvimiento de la imagen urbano-arquitectónica de esta ciudad media del occidente mexicano.
562. Mapas para el Estado. La representación de la Araucanía: 1836 -1916
Authors: Flores Chávez Jaime , Azócar Avendaño Alonso
Published: June 2019

La construcción y representación del territorio nacional constituyó una de las tareas centrales que abordaron los grupos dirigentes chilenos en el curso del siglo XIX. En este contexto la exploración, ocupación y transformación de la Araucanía pasó a ser uno de los hitos sustantivos, proceso que se reflejó en la dinámica que adquirió la cartográfica del territorio de la Araucanía en el periodo de 1836 a 1916. Si asumimos los mapas como construcciones de la realidad, más que una imagen de la naturaleza, es posible afirmar que el Estado se constituyó en un actor relevante en el proceso de representación cartográfica de la Araucanía a partir de 1836. Con este propósito desplazó agentes “especializados” en representar el territorio, entre otros, naturalistas, militares e ingenieros, que fueron generando una imagen de la Araucanía a partir de sus intereses y discursos específicos.
580. Airbnb en Menorca: ¿Una nueva forma de gentrificación turística? Localización de la vivienda turística, agentes e impactos sobre el alquiler residencial
Authors: Yrigoy Ismael
Published: June 2019

Este artículo estudia si la irrupción de Airbnb en Menorca supone una nueva tipología de gentrificación turística. El objetivo es analizar desde una perspectiva geográfica y social el fenómeno de los alquileres turísticos en dicha isla. Se cartografía la distribución de las viviendas turísticas ofertadas en Airbnb y se realiza un análisis de la tipología de huéspedes que alquilan sus viviendas. Se estudia también el impacto de la vivienda turística sobre el mercado de vivienda residencial. La principal conclusión es que, aunque el impacto social de la gentrificación provocada por Airbnb es común a otros tipos de gentrificación, sus causas así como sus agentes son novedosos respectos a otros procesos de gentrificación turística.
602. El barrio en cuestión. Fragmentación y despolitización de lo vecinal en la era neoliberal
Authors: Letelier Troncoso Luis Francisco
Published: June 2019

Las políticas públicas urbanas vienen utilizando lo que podría denominarse una visión neo-ecológica de barrio: un espacio delimitado, desconectado de la totalidad y habitáculo de una comunidad cohesionada. Esta visión ha permitido un nuevo escalamiento de la gobernanza urbana y tiene también un papel ideológico central en la manera en que entendemos y organizamos las relaciones vecinales. Este artículo argumenta que esta concepción del barrio condiciona lo vecinal a partir de dos estrategias: fragmentación y despolitización. La fragmentación rompe la totalidad urbana creando espacios estancos -los barrios- e impulsa a sus organizaciones a competir entre sí; y la despolitización vacía la organización vecinal de su capacidad para construir horizontes de futuro y producir activamente la ciudad. Esto implica el enorme desafío de superar la noción de barrio y contribuir así a promover y visibilizar una práctica urbana vecinal más creativa y transformadora.
606. Retos metodológicos para estudiar la vulnerabilidad demográfica y residencial a nivel intraurbano ante los cambios en las fuentes estadísticas habituales
Authors: De Cos Guerra Olga , Usobiaga Ferrer Elena
Published: June 2019

Los estudios geográficos aplicados a escalas de detalle se encuentran muy condicionados por la disponibilidad de fuentes de referencia. Esto es determinante en este momento, en el que asistimos a cambios en las fuentes estadísticas oficiales, que pueden poner en riesgo la continuidad de investigaciones representativas a nivel intraurbano.Se afianza, así, un período idóneo para explorar fuentes alternativas que implicarán necesariamente nuevas pautas metodológicas. En este marco, el artículo apuesta por nuevos planteamientos para la determinación de los patrones espaciales de la población vulnerable a nivel intraurbano, a partir de datos disponibles y observables de edificación y entorno. Tras una aproximación a nivel de sección censal, el estudio se centra en modelizar la vulnerabilidad demográfica y residencial a nivel de edificio, mediante métodos downscaling.Esta metodología puede ser exportada a otras ciudades españolas e, incluso, a otros países con una ligera adaptación.
609. El nuevo paradigma de las migraciones internas en España: migrantes urbanos, más móviles y cualificados. El caso de Castilla y León
Authors: González Leonardo Miguel , López Gay Antonio
Published: June 2019

Tras décadas de relativa calma migratoria, la emigración, tanto la interregional como la internacional, se ha incrementado en las comunidades autónomas que tradicionalmente han sido expulsoras. A diferencia de etapas anteriores, cuando los emigrantes estaban escasamente formados y partían de ámbitos rurales, los actuales flujos de salida tienen un nivel de instrucción elevado y abandonan las ciudades de sus respectivas regiones. Este fenómeno ha quedado relativamente enmascarado por la etapa expansiva de la inmigración extranjera, la posterior reducción de las entradas, los retornos y la reemigración. Durante los años de bonanza económica, la emigración de población autóctona aumentó en las comunidades menos dinámicas, una tendencia que se ha acentuado durante la crisis y a la que se sumó la pérdida de población alóctona. Castilla y León es un claro ejemplo de esta dinámica: se trata de la región con más jóvenes emigrados, un colectivo que presenta un nivel de instrucción elevado.
608. Modelo productor-innovador y autosuficiencia alimentaria para milperos de secano: propuesta de política pública sostenible
Authors: Romero Arenas Omar , Damián Huato Miguel Ángel , Cruz León Artemio , Sangerman-Jarquín Dora Maria , López Reyes Lucía , Carcaño Montiel Moisés
Published: June 2019

La aplicación de políticas públicas erróneas de fomento agrícola en México ha derivado en insuficiencia alimentaria y descampesinización de los milperos de secano. Para atenuar estos problemas, se plantea una política pública representado por el modelo productor-innovador, que manejaron el maíz como milpa mediante un diálogo de saberes, generando una comunidad biótica y procesos tecnológicos clave, garantes de mayor productividad. La propuesta fue teorizada desde la epistemología del sur, la agroecología y la transdisciplina y, para diseñarla se evaluaron las innovaciones radicales y progresivas aplicadas en el manejo de milpa. Se halló que en este manejo interaccionan innovaciones radicales y progresivas, predominando las segundas; 32% de los milperos fueron eficientes en Cohetzala y 29% en San Nicolás, los cuales están menos descampesinados, y si se transfiere el patrón tecnológico eficiente a los de bajo y medio rendimiento, éstos pueden crecer en 91-24% en Cohetzala y 157-38% en San Nicolás.
Técnicas de ultrasonido para la caracterización de vidrios volcánicos
Authors: Cowes Diego Alejandro , Salgán María Laura , Mieza Juan Ignacio , Gómez Martín Pedro
Published: June 2019

Contexto: La caracterización geoquímica de materiales arqueológicos de obsidiana o vidrio volcánico, utilizado en el pasado para la confección de herramientas líticas, permite trazar su procedencia geológica e inferir formas de interacción y rangos de movilidad de antiguas poblaciones humanas. La caracterización de la composición geoquímica de la obsidiana por análisis de activación neutrónica permite determinar con un buen grado de certidumbre su procedencia; sin embargo, es una técnica costosa y destructiva, por lo que no es recomendable para piezas arqueológicas. Otras técnicas más accesibles como la fluorescencia de rayos X o la espectrometría de masas con plasma acoplado inductivamente han sido utilizadas con éxito para esta aplicación pero con un mayor nivel de incertidumbre. En este trabajo se busca asistir al problema por medio del uso de otras técnicas no destructivas que pudieran ser aplicables al patrimonio arqueológico.
Método: Se exploraron las propiedades mecánicas de una muestra de obsidiana a través de métodos de ultrasonido. Se evaluaron la velocidad de fase y atenuación de ondas longitudinales, y se cuantificó la densidad de las muestras por picnometría de gases, que posibilita determinar los módulos elásticos dinámicos. Además, se repitieron las mismas mediciones en probetas de vidrio de manufactura industrial.
Resultados: Se observó que la velocidad, la densidad y el módulo longitudinal son mayores para la muestra de vidrio industrial que para la muestra de obsidiana. Por otro lado, la atenuación resultó ser mayor para el caso de la obsidiana y se observó una mayor dependencia con la frecuencia.
Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la capacidad del método para distinguir entre materiales con composición química diferente, por lo que sería viable para ser aplicado a estudios arqueológicos. Además, las diferencias observadas en la atenuación muestran que el método también es sensible a la microestructura del material, por lo que aportaría información no accesible mediante técnicas convencionales de arqueometría.
Menyimak (Kembali) Integrasi Budaya di Tanah Batak Toba
Authors: Sugiyarto Sugiyarto
Published: June 2019

Toba Batak Land is one of the areas in North Sumatra Province that have dominant culture characterized by among others by: (1) the majority of indigenous Batak people; (2) Batak culture (Toba) becomes a reference for the behavior of the population in interacting in local public places; (3) Batak leadership is implemented based on elements of Batak culture. In the meantime, there are also ethnic groups of immigrants, Hindus and Christians. The embodiment of ethnicity of ethnic groups of migrants finally can integrate culturally because there are similarities of divine concepts such as Trimurti on Hindu teachings, Debata na tolu on the teachings of Parmalin in Batak Toba, as well as the Trinity in the teachings of Christians
Keberagaman Budaya dan Agama di Kota Manado
Authors: Suleman Frangky
Published: June 2019

The term “Torang Samua Basudara” was the slogan of the community in North Sulawesi in order to keep social harmony and peace in the North Sulawesi. Through the symbol “torang samua basudara” it can built up through value meaning as a process, not as a result. So the peace in Manado city will stay awake.
Kerajinan Batik dan Pewarnaan Alami
Authors: Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: June 2019

BATIK -- craft is a cultural heritage of Indonesia which existence keep growing each day. It is characterized by the existence of batik craft in various regions with their own characteristics. As a cultural heritage, batik craft had been around since the time of the kingdom era in our nation. Before the discovery of synthetic materials technology, batik coloration has always been using natural colors that are available in Indonesia. Natural coloration can be taken from tinggi wood, tegeran plant, teak leaf, indigo plant, secang, mahogany, and other plants. As the times progressed, natural coloring began to be replaced and abandoned by the craftsmen. Crafters use synthetic coloring starting in the early 20th century. Currently there is an awareness to return to the natural coloring because it is considered to be more environmentally friendly and cheaper. The use of natural coloring also pushes batik selling value higher when compared to the one using synthetic color
Pemanfaatan Remitan Ekonomi dan Ketergantungan Migran Kembali Bekerja di Luar Negeri
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto
Published: June 2019

The general objective of this study is to examine the use of economic remittances and constraints in economically productive use and their dependence as workers abroad. This study selected a sample of the Kendal Regency region. Determination of the sample using random sampling techniques and the selection of informants using purposive sampling technique. Data collection uses non-participatory observation, structured interviews, and in-depth interviews. The use of economic remittances to meet daily needs, the cost of education, buy land and build houses, buy secondary goods, and buy productive goods. Their dependence continues to work abroad due to the low access to land and the shifting of the cultivation of agricultural commodities from food (rice) to industrial raw materials (tobacco), the narrow employment opportunities in the area, job opportunities in destination countries, wage rates much higher than in Indonesia, and the use of remittances which tend to be non-productive.
Perayaan Obon (Obon-Matsuri) di Jepang
Authors: Wiyatasari Reny
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe the Obon celebration (Obon-matsuri) by Japanese society today. The data used are several literature on Obon and interviews with several informants, namely Japanese people who have or still do the Obon-matsuri ritual. The research method used is a qualitative-descriptive. Data collection with library studies, observations, and interviews to explore deeply about the experiences of informants related to Obon in the past and present. In analyzing data, researchers used the qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study are indicate that the differences in Obon celebrations today with the previous period are: 1)  Fewer Japanese people, especially those living in cities, celebrate Obon. Obon as an opportunity for Japanese people to visit their parents/ grandparents or main family, and together with them celebrating Obon becomes increasingly rare or difficult to do; 2) As fewer Japanese people celebrate Obon with their main families, the activities of performing Obon rituals are increasingly rare. Meanwhile, two things that are still maintained from the past to the Obon celebration are: 1) Japanese society is still regularly doing ohakamairi, and 2) Obon is still interpreted and believed that during these days the spirits of ancestors return to their former homes.
Papua: Sejarah Integrasi yang Diingat dan Ingatan Kolektif
Authors: Yambeyapdi Ester
Published: June 2019

National integration issue is inherently dynamic and tends to follow the social changes. It is because the problem cannot be taken for granted. This situation is also very dependent on the way and the tendency of a political regime to understand and treat the aspirations of the people in a particular space and time. Based on this matter, this paper analyzes the government's efforts to create national integration in Papua (social, economic, political conditions) and how Papuans interpret the post-New York 1962 integration process, the 1969 Act until the first four years after the Act. Based on the structuralist approach and the theory of political integration, it was found that since Papuans began to adapt to Indonesians, they experienced a new atmosphere, such as the Indonesian government system which is different from the Dutch colonial government. The social, political, and economic life must undergo a period of quarantine which is primarily determined by the interests of the authorities. This situation encourages groups that have certain interests in society. There are Indonesian pro-integration groups, and there are anti-integration groups that manifest themselves in the Free Papua Organization (OPM), and some other social protest movements to date.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Keberadaan Komite Pengawas Manajemen Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Food and Beverage Di Indonesia Tahun 2014-2016 Yang Terdaftar di BEI)
Authors: Purbawati Dinalestari , Rodhiyah Rodhiyah
Published: June 2019

This study examined the impact between capital structure and existence of an oversight committee to dividend policy. The oversight committee such as risk management committee, nominations and remuneration committee. Data was collected from the annual reports food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) the period 2014, 2015 and 2016. Analysis tools used multiple regression. The results showed that the variable capital structure and risk management committee has a significant effect on dividend policy. The simultan test showed that capital structure and oversight committee has a significant effect on dividend policy.Studi ini meneliti dampak antara struktur modal dan keberadaan komite pengawasan terhadap kebijakan dividen. Komite pengawasan seperti komite manajemen risiko, komite nominasi dan remunerasi. Data dikumpulkan dari laporan tahunan perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia ( BEI) periode 2014, 2015 dan 2016. Alat analisis menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel struktur modal dan komite manajemen risiko memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen. Uji simultan menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal dan komite pengawasan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen.
Censored symmetric Lévy-type processes
Authors: Wagner Vanja
Published: June 2019

We examine three equivalent constructions of a censored symmetric purely discontinuous Lévy process on an open set D; via the corresponding Dirichlet form, through the Feynman–Kac transform of the Lévy process killed outside of D and from the same killed process by the Ikeda–Nagasawa–Watanabe piecing together procedure. By applying the trace theorem on n-sets for Besov-type spaces of generalized smoothness associated with complete Bernstein functions satisfying certain scaling conditions, we analyze the boundary behavior of the corresponding censored Lévy process and determine conditions under which the process approaches the boundary

∂
⁡
D

{\partial D}

in finite time. Furthermore, we prove a stronger version of the 3G inequality and its generalized version for Green functions of purely discontinuous Lévy processes on κ-fat open sets. Using this result, we obtain the scale invariant Harnack inequality for the corresponding censored process.
Global Stability of Nonlinear Feedback Systems with Positive Linear Parts
Authors: Kaczorek Tadeusz
Published: June 2019

The global (absolute) stability of nonlinear systems with negative feedbacks and positive not necessary asymptotically stable linear parts is addressed. The characteristics

u
=
f
(
e
)

u = f(e)

of the nonlinear parts satisfy the condition

k
1

e
≤
f
(
e
)
≤

k
2

e

{k_1}e \le f(e) \le {k_2}e

for some positive

k
1

{k_1}

,

k
2

{k_2}

. It is shown that the nonlinear systems are globally asymptotically stable if the Nyquist plots of the positive linear parts are located in the right-hand side of the circles

−

1

k
1

,
−

1

k
2

\left( { - {1 \over {{k_1}}}, - {1 \over {{k_2}}}} \right)

.
Crystal structure of (4-ethoxynaphthalen-1-yl)(furan-2-yl)methanone, C17H14O3
Authors: Li Ming-Qiang , Wang Peng , Wang Kui , Ye Fei , Fu Ying
Published: June 2019

C17H14O3, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 17.373(4) Å, b = 7.8290(16) Å, c = 19.781(4) Å, β = 93.62(3)°, V = 2685.2(9) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0447, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1313, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure and photochromic properties of a novel photochromic perfluordiarylethene containing a triazole bridged pyridine group moiety, C24H18F6N4S2
Authors: Li Yongjie , Zheng Chunhong , Pu Shouzhi
Published: June 2019

C24H18F6N4S2, monclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 19.0525(18) Å, b = 8.5569(9) Å, c = 15.3792(15) Å, β = 97.241(2)°, V = 2487.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0513, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1425, T = 296(2) K.
The neuroimmunological synapse: from synaptic homeostasis to brain disease
Authors: Lenz Maximilian , Vlachos Andreas
Published: June 2019

Mikroglia sind Zellen des angeborenen Immunsystems im zentralen Nervensystem, die eine bedeutende Rolle bei entzündlichen Veränderungen im Nervengewebe spielen. Ursprünglich galt die Annahme, dass Mikrogliazellen ihre Funktion erst nach Aktivierung durch pathologische Stimuli aufnehmen. Neuere Studien deuten darauf hin, dass Mikroglia physiologische Funktionen bei neuronalen Entwicklungsprozessen oder synaptischen Anpassungsreaktionen hat. Basierend auf dem Konzept, dass die Freisetzung mikroglialer Faktoren synaptische Eigenschaften tripartiter Synapsen (Präsynapse, Postsynapse, Astrozyt) beeinflussen kann, wurde der Begriff der neuroimmunologischen Synapse geprägt. Unter Bedingungen, bei denen der Aktivitätszustand der Mikroglia durch endogene oder exogene pathologische Stimuli verändert wird, kann dadurch das physiologische Zusammenspiel von Mikroglia, Astrozyten und Nervenzellen an Synapsen gestört sein, wodurch krankhafte Prozesse im zentralen Nervensystem angestoßen, befördert oder erhalten werden können.
Influence of Temperature on BOTDR Used to Monitor Stabilizing Piles
Authors: Xiao Henglin , Liu Yongli , Huang Silu , Li Lihua , Ma Qiang
Published: June 2019

Distributed optical fiber sensors based on Brillouin scattering are emerging as valid alternatives for monitoring the health of civil structures and applications in geological engineering. The measurements are made by establishing a correlation between fiber strain and temperature in the frequency shift of Brillouin backscattered light induced by a monochromatic light pulse. The monitored strain consists of two parts: stress strain and temperature strain. This article presents an application of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry in measuring stabilizing pile deformation over time. In the process of pile construction, the hydration heat of cement raises the temperature of the pile, thus causing errors in pile strain monitoring. So, the effect of temperature on strain should be considered. A finite element model built on the basis of monitoring objects and their geological environment is proposed to eliminate the influence of hydration heat on pile strain. The results indicated that the changed temperature resulting from hydration takes approximately three months to reach the same level as the ground temperature, in agreement with the monitoring results. The magnitude of the relative strain caused by hydration temperature was on the order of 10−4 microns and should be considered in the three-month monitoring data after the construction of piles. Factors that may affect calculation accuracy are discussed on the basis of the experimental and numerical results.
Fly Ash and Sinking Beads Modification on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste with Metakaolin
Authors: Wang Yunyao , Shui Zhonghe , Huang Yun
Published: June 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the respective effect of sinking beads (SBs) and fly ash (FA) on the rheological properties of metakaolin (MK)-blended pastes and to uncover the relevant mechanisms from the aspects of morphology and electrochemistry. The yield stress, plastic viscosity, and slump diameter of cement pastes were studied, as well as the zeta potential of the diluted cement pastes. The results show that SB can much more remarkably improve the rheology of MK-blended cement pastes than FA, and ensures 5 wt.% MK-blended cement paste a competitive flowability with plain paste. The synergistic effects of morphological and electrochemical modification on cement paste result in the different modification efficiency of FA and SB on blended pastes.
Chromatin Modifiers Alter Recombination Between Divergent DNA Sequences
Authors: Chakraborty Ujani , Mackenroth Beata , Shalloway David , Alani Eric
Published: June 2019

Recombination between divergent DNA sequences is actively prevented by heteroduplex rejection mechanisms. In baker’s yeast, such antirecombination mechanisms can be initiated by the recognition of DNA mismatches in heteroduplex DNA by MSH proteins, followed by recruitment of the Sgs1-Top3-Rmi1 helicase–topoisomerase complex to unwind the recombination intermediate. We previously showed that the repair/rejection decision during single-strand annealing recombination is temporally regulated by MSH (MutS  homolog) protein levels and by factors that excise nonhomologous single-stranded tails. These observations, coupled with recent studies indicating that mismatch repair (MMR) factors interact with components of the histone chaperone machinery, encouraged us to explore roles for epigenetic factors and chromatin conformation in regulating the decision to reject vs. repair recombination between divergent DNA substrates. This work involved the use of an inverted repeat recombination assay thought to measure sister chromatid repair during DNA replication. Our observations are consistent with the histone chaperones CAF-1 and Rtt106, and the histone deacetylase Sir2, acting to suppress heteroduplex rejection and the Rpd3, Hst3, and Hst4 deacetylases acting to promote heteroduplex rejection. These observations, and double-mutant analysis, have led to a model in which nucleosomes located at DNA lesions stabilize recombination intermediates and compete with MMR factors that mediate heteroduplex rejection.