bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-templated synthesis of novel carbon nanoarchitectures for efficient electrocatalysis
Authors: Wu Xi-Lin , Wen Tao , Guo Hong-Li , Liu Shoujie , Wang Xiangke , Xu An-Wu , Mezger Markus
Published: June 2016

The cost-efficient large-scale production of novel carbon nanostructure with high performance is still a challenge, restricting their applications in catalysis. Herein, we present a low-cost one-pot and one-step approach for the synthesis of both N-doped graphene (NG) and N-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) from self-templated organic nanoplates. By varying the FeCl3 concentration in the precursor, we can control the formation of graphene or CNTs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example for the controllable synthesis of graphene or CNTs by varying the precursors’ compositions. This provides a simple and cost-effective route for the large-scale production of both NG and NCNTs for applications in catalysis. By example, we show how these unique structured nanocarbons can be applied in electrocatalysis for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The obtained NG and NCNTs show excellent ORR activities with long-term stability under alkaline conditions. The unique porous nanostructure, abundant defects, homogeneous N-doping and high N-content in the NG and NCNTs can provide abundant active sites, leading to the excellent ORR performance. This research not only displayed a simple and cost-effective approach for the large-scale production of novel carbon nanoarchitectures, but also revealed the exceptional application potential of these nanocarbons for electrocatalysis.
A proposed integrated approach for the preclinical evaluation of phage therapy in Pseudomonas infections
Authors: Danis-Wlodarczyk Katarzyna , Vandenheuvel Dieter , Jang Ho Bin , Briers Yves , Olszak Tomasz , Arabski Michal , Wasik Slawomir , Drabik Marcin , Higgins Gerard , Tyrrell Jean , Harvey Brian J. , Noben Jean-Paul , Lavigne Rob , Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna
Published: June 2016

Bacteriophage therapy is currently resurging as a potential complement/alternative to antibiotic treatment. However, preclinical evaluation lacks streamlined approaches. We here focus on preclinical approaches which have been implemented to assess bacteriophage efficacy against Pseudomonas biofilms and infections. Laser interferometry and profilometry were applied to measure biofilm matrix permeability and surface geometry changes, respectively. These biophysical approaches were combined with an advanced Airway Surface Liquid infection model, which mimics in vitro the normal and CF lung environments and an in vivo Galleria larvae model. These assays have been implemented to analyze KTN4 (279,593 bp dsDNA genome), a type-IV pili dependent, giant phage resembling phiKZ. Upon contact, KTN4 immediately disrupts the P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm and reduces pyocyanin and siderophore production. The gentamicin exclusion assay on NuLi-1 and CuFi-1 cell lines revealed the decrease of extracellular bacterial load between 4 and 7 logs and successfully prevents wild-type Pseudomonas internalization into CF epithelial cells. These properties and the significant rescue of Galleria larvae indicate that giant KTN4 phage is a suitable candidate for in vivo phage therapy evaluation for lung infection applications.
Optoacoustic effect is responsible for laser-induced cochlear responses
Authors: Kallweit N. , Baumhoff P. , Krueger A. , Tinne N. , Kral A. , Ripken T. , Maier H.
Published: June 2016

Optical stimulation of the cochlea with laser light has been suggested as an alternative to conventional treatment of sensorineural hearing loss with cochlear implants. The underlying mechanisms are controversially discussed: The stimulation can either be based on a direct excitation of neurons, or it is a result of an optoacoustic pressure wave acting on the basilar membrane. Animal studies comparing the intra-cochlear optical stimulation of hearing and deafened guinea pigs have indicated that the stimulation requires intact hair cells. Therefore, optoacoustic stimulation seems to be the underlying mechanism. The present study investigates optoacoustic characteristics using pulsed laser stimulation for in vivo experiments on hearing guinea pigs and pressure measurements in water. As a result, in vivo as well as pressure measurements showed corresponding signal shapes. The amplitude of the signal for both measurements depended on the absorption coefficient and on the maximum of the first time-derivative of laser pulse power (velocity of heat deposition). In conclusion, the pressure measurements directly demonstrated that laser light generates acoustic waves, with amplitudes suitable for stimulating the (partially) intact cochlea. These findings corroborate optoacoustic as the basic mechanism of optical intra-cochlear stimulation.
Autophagy induction targeting mTORC1 enhances Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in HIV co-infected human macrophages
Authors: Andersson Anna-Maria , Andersson Blanka , Lorell Christoffer , Raffetseder Johanna , Larsson Marie , Blomgran Robert
Published: June 2016

To survive and replicate in macrophages Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has developed strategies to subvert host defence mechanisms, including autophagy. Autophagy induction has the potential to clear Mtb, but little is known about its effect during controlled tuberculosis and HIV co-infection. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1) inhibitors were used to induce autophagy in human macrophages pre-infected with HIV-1BaL and infected with a low dose of Mtb (co-infected), or single Mtb infected (single infected). The controlled Mtb infection was disrupted upon mTOR inhibition resulting in increased Mtb replication in a dose-dependent manner which was more pronounced during co-infection. The increased Mtb replication could be explained by the marked reduction in phagosome acidification upon mTOR inhibition. Autophagy stimulation targeting mTORC1 clearly induced a basal autophagy with flux that was unlinked to the subcellular environment of the Mtb vacuoles, which showed a concurrent suppression in acidification and maturation/flux. Overall our findings indicate that mTOR inhibition during Mtb or HIV/Mtb co-infection interferes with phagosomal maturation, thereby supporting mycobacterial growth during low-dose and controlled infection. Therefore pharmacological induction of autophagy through targeting of the canonical mTORC1-pathway should be handled with caution during controlled tuberculosis, since this could have serious consequences for patients with HIV/Mtb co-infection.
Gradient shadow pattern reveals refractive index of liquid
Authors: Kim Wonkyoung , Kim Dong Sung
Published: June 2016

We propose a simple method that uses a gradient shadow pattern (GSP) to measure the refractive index nL of liquids. A light source generates a “dark-bright-dark” GSP when it is projected through through the back of a transparent, rectangular block with a cylindrical chamber that is filled with a liquid sample. We found that there is a linear relationship between nL and the proportion of the bright region in a GSP, which provides the basic principle of the proposed method. A wide range 1.33 ≤ nL ≤ 1.46 of liquids was measured in the single measurement setup with error <0.01. The proposed method is simple but robust to illuminating conditions, and does not require for any expensive or precise optical components, so we expect that it will be useful in many portable measurement systems that use nL to estimate attributes of liquid samples.
Why do Varroa mites prefer nurse bees?
Authors: Xie Xianbing , Huang Zachary Y. , Zeng Zhijiang
Published: June 2016

The Varroa mite, Varroa destructor, is an acarine ecto-parasite on Apis mellifera. It is the worst pest of Apis mellifera, yet its reproductive biology on the host is not well understood. In particular, the significance of the phoretic stage, when mites feed on adult bees for a few days, is not clear. In addition, it is not clear whether the preference of mites for nurses observed in the laboratory also happens inside real colonies. We show that Varroa mites prefer nurses over both newly emerged bees and forgers in a colony setting. We then determined the mechanism behind this preference. We show that this preference maximizes Varroa fitness, although due to the fact that each mite must find a second host (a pupa) to reproduce, the fitness benefit to the mites is not immediate but delayed. Our results suggest that the Varroa mite is a highly adapted parasite for honey bees.
Remotely-sensed detection of effects of extreme droughts on gross primary production
Authors: Vicca Sara , Balzarolo Manuela , Filella Iolanda , Granier André , Herbst Mathias , Knohl Alexander , Longdoz Bernard , Mund Martina , Nagy Zoltan , Pintér Krisztina , Rambal Serge , Verbesselt Jan , Verger Aleixandre , Zeileis Achim , Zhang Chao , Peñuelas Josep
Published: June 2016

Severe droughts strongly impact photosynthesis (GPP), and satellite imagery has yet to demonstrate its ability to detect drought effects. Especially changes in vegetation functioning when vegetation state remains unaltered (no browning or defoliation) pose a challenge to satellite-derived indicators. We evaluated the performance of different satellite indicators to detect strong drought effects on GPP in a beech forest in France (Hesse), where vegetation state remained largely unaffected while GPP decreased substantially. We compared the results with three additional sites: a Mediterranean holm oak forest (Puéchabon), a temperate beech forest (Hainich), and a semi-arid grassland (Bugacpuszta). In Hesse, a three-year reduction in GPP following drought was detected only by the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). The Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) also detected this drought effect, but only after normalization for absorbed light. In Puéchabon normalized PRI outperformed the other indicators, while the short-term drought effect in Hainich was not detected by any tested indicator. In contrast, most indicators, but not PRI, captured the drought effects in Bugacpuszta. Hence, PRI improved detection of drought effects on GPP in forests and we propose that PRI normalized for absorbed light is considered in future algorithms to estimate GPP from space.
Application of a robust solid-phase microextraction fiber consisting of NiTi wires coated with polypyrrole for the determination of haloanisoles in water and wine
Authors: Di Pietro Roux Kalya Cravo , Jasinski Éverton Fabian , Merib Josias , Sartorelli Maria Luísa , Carasek Eduardo
Published: June 2016

In this study, the application of a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber which was fabricated by electrolytically depositing polypyrrole (PPy) on a NiTi alloy support was investigated.
A label-free electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for carcinoembryonic antigen detection based on electrodeposited ZnS–CdS on MoS2 decorated electrode
Authors: Wang Yu-Ling , Cao Jun-Tao , Chen Yong-Hong , Liu Yan-Ming
Published: June 2016

In this work, a novel, simple and label-free electrochemiluminescence strategy was designed for a sensitive carcinoembryonic antigen assay using ZnS–CdS nanoparticle-decorated molybdenum disulfide nanocomposites.
Application of QuEChERS-based purification coupled with isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of N-nitrosamines in soy sauce
Authors: Zeng Xiaofang , Bai Weidong , Xian Yanping , Dong Hao , Luo Donghui
Published: June 2016

A sensitive and rapid method involving the QuEChERS purification method and isotope dilution GC-MS was established to determine six N-nitrosamines in soy sauce.
Raman microspectroscopic analysis of fibers in beverages
Authors: Wiesheu Alexandra C. , Anger Philipp M. , Baumann Thomas , Niessner Reinhard , Ivleva Natalia P.
Published: June 2016

Raman microspectroscopy allows us to distinguish between synthetic and natural fibers in beverage samples.
Evaluation of procedures for assessing anti- and pro-oxidants in plant samples
Authors: Majer P. , Vidović M. , Czégény Gy. , Veljović Jovanović S. , Strid Å. , Hideg É.
Published: June 2016

Direct and indirect techniques for studying stress and acclimation responses related to pro- and anti-oxidants in plants. The larger the distance from the bull's eye, the less direct is the acquired information.
Photosensitizer anchored gold nanorods for targeted combinational photothermal and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Tham Huijun Phoebe , Chen Hongzhong , Tan Yu Hui , Qu Qiuyu , Sreejith Sivaramapanicker , Zhao Lingzhi , Venkatraman Subbu S. , Zhao Yanli
Published: June 2016

Silylated zinc phthalocyanine was anchored onto silica-coated gold nanorods for synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy.
Putting chromium on the map for N2 reduction: production of hydrazine and ammonia. A study of cis-M(N2)2 (M = Cr, Mo, W) bis(diphosphine) complexes
Authors: Egbert Jonathan D. , O'Hagan Molly , Wiedner Eric S. , Bullock R. Morris , Piro Nicholas A. , Kassel W. Scott , Mock Michael T.
Published: June 2016

Protonolysis experiments show of the Group 6 N2 complexes, only Cr affords N2H5+ and NH4+ from reduction of the N2 ligands.
Phase-controlled synthesis of orthorhombic and tetragonal AgGaSe2 nanocrystals with high quality
Authors: Bai Tianyu , Xing Shanghua , Li Chunguang , Shi Zhan , Feng Shouhua
Published: June 2016

Orthorhombic AgGaSe2 nanocrystals with high quality have been successfully synthesized for the first time, and their crystalline phase could be tuned by adjusting the reaction conditions.
Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolines and ullazines by visible light mediated one- and twofold annulation of N-arylpyrroles with arylalkynes
Authors: Das Amrita , Ghosh Indrajit , König Burkhard
Published: June 2016

Fused nitrogen heterocycles and ullazines are synthesised by one and twofold annulation of N-arylpyrroles with arylalkynes using metal free visible light photocatalysis.
Rational controlled morphological transitions in the self-assembled multi-headed giant surfactants in solution
Authors: Chu Yang , Zhang Wei , Lu Xinlin , Mu Gaoyan , Zhang Baofang , Li Yiwen , Cheng Stephen Z. D. , Liu Tianbo
Published: June 2016

A series of PS-POSS based giant surfactants can self-assemble into vesicles, cylindrical and spherical micelles in solution controlled by the different number and topology of POSS groups.
A first-principles study of stable few-layer penta-silicene
Authors: Aierken Yierpan , Leenaerts Ortwin , Peeters François M.
Published: June 2016

We investigate the stability and properties of few-layer penta-silicene and also found the most stable silicon bilayer structure to date.
Correction: Theory of diffusion-influenced reactions in complex geometries
Authors: Galanti Marta , Fanelli Duccio , Traytak Sergey D. , Piazza Francesco
Published: June 2016

Correction for ‘Theory of diffusion-influenced reactions in complex geometries’ by Marta Galanti et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01147k.
Neutron scattering in catalysis and energy materials
Authors: Silverwood Ian P. , Parker Stewart F. , Catlow C. Richard A.
Published: June 2016

This themed collection focuses on the use of neutron scattering to interrogate catalysts and materials used in energy storage. Neutrons are a powerful and unique probe that allow characterisation of these experimentally challenging systems in multiple ways.
Chemical reactions confined within carbon nanotubes
Authors: Miners Scott A. , Rance Graham A. , Khlobystov Andrei N.
Published: June 2016

The confinement of molecules and catalysts inside carbon nanotubes affects the yield and distribution of products of preparative chemical reactions.
Unexpected reactivity of an alkylaluminum complex of a non-innocent 1,2-bis[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene ligand (dpp-bian)
Authors: Moskalev M. V. , Lukoyanov A. N. , Baranov E. V. , Fedushkin I. L.
Published: June 2016

The non-innocence of the bis-amido dpp-bian ligand has been documented by the reactions of compound1with acidic substrates,e.g.water.
One-step fabrication of an organ-on-a-chip with spatial heterogeneity using a 3D bioprinting technology
Authors: Lee Hyungseok , Cho Dong-Woo
Published: June 2016

A one-step fabrication method using a 3D printing technology for whole organ-on-a-chip platforms, including microfluidic systems, which possess spatial cell/ECM heterogeneity.
Scaled particle focusing in a microfluidic device with asymmetric electrodes utilizing induced-charge electroosmosis
Authors: Ren Yukun , Liu Jiangwei , Liu Weiyu , Lang Qi , Tao Ye , Hu Qingming , Hou Likai , Jiang Hongyuan
Published: June 2016

We propose a novel continuous-flow microfluidic particle concentrator with a specified focusing-particle number ratio (FR) at different channel outlets using induced-charge electroosmosis (ICEO).
Multiple di-leucines in the ATP7A copper transporter are required for retrograde trafficking to the trans-Golgi network
Authors: Zhu Sha , Shanbhag Vinit , Hodgkinson Victoria L. , Petris Michael J.
Published: June 2016

The ATP7A protein is a ubiquitous copper-transporting P-type ATPase that is mutated in the lethal pediatric disorder of copper metabolism, Menkes disease.
Thiophene-based conjugated microporous polymers: preparation, porosity, exceptional carbon dioxide absorption and selectivity
Authors: Qin Long , Xu Guang-juan , Yao Chan , Xu Yan-hong
Published: June 2016

Thiophene-based conjugated microporous polymers show high CO2 uptake ability of 756–817 (60 bar/318 K) and good adsorption selectivity for CO2 over N2 and CH4.
A multifunctional statistical copolymer vesicle for water remediation
Authors: Xiao Jiangang , Du Jianzhong
Published: June 2016

We report a multifunctional statistical copolymer vesicle for effective water remediation by absorbing PAHs and accelerating catalytic reaction.
The identification of peptides by nanoLC-MS/MS from human surface tooth enamel following a simple acid etch extraction
Authors: Stewart Nicolas Andre , Molina Gabriela Ferian , Mardegan Issa João Paulo , Yates Nathan Andrew , Sosovicka Mark , Vieira Alexandre Rezende , Line Sergio Roberto Peres , Montgomery Janet , Gerlach Raquel Fernanda
Published: June 2016

Tooth enamel is the hardest, densest and most mineralized tissue in vertebrates.
Switchable diode effect in BaZrO3 thin films
Authors: Ding Ying , Xu Xing , Bhalla Amar , Yang Xiubo , Chen Jianghua , Chen Chonglin
Published: June 2016

Oxygen deficient BaZrO3 films with bi-layered structures show switchable diode effects. Both oxygen vacancies and grain boundaries play important parts.
Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation and their ability as a drug nanocarrier
Authors: Luque-Alcaraz A. G. , Lizardi-Mendoza J. , Goycoolea F. M. , Higuera-Ciapara I. , Argüelles-Monal W.
Published: June 2016

This study was aimed to understand the physical processes underlying nanoprecipitation of chitosan, their influence on the characteristics of nanoparticles and to assess their capacity as drug nanocarrier.
Effect of interlayer spacing on sodium ion insertion in nanostructured titanium hydrogeno phosphates/carbon nanotube composites
Authors: Lee Gyeonghee , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Hongbo , Varanasi Chakrapani V. , Liu Jie
Published: June 2016

For sodium ion insertion in nanostructured titanium hydrogeno phosphates interlayer spacing may not be the primary factor for improving performances.
Mg9Si5: a potential non-toxic thermoelectric material for mid-temperature applications
Authors: Singh Vijeta , Pulikkotil J. J. , Auluck S.
Published: June 2016

Mid-temperature thermoelectric applications include waste heat recovery from automobile exhausts, various industrial process and solar thermoelectrics.
Photophysical and photovoltaic properties of truxene-functionalized conjugated polymer–fullerene supramolecular complexes
Authors: Wen Hua-Wen , Yang Po-Chih
Published: June 2016

We report the photophysical and photovoltaic properties of two truxene-functionalized conjugated copolymers (P1 and P2) containing various 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole segments synthesized through Suzuki and Heck coupling reactions, respectively.
The effect of transmembrane pressure and feed flow rate on transgalactosylation of lactose in an enzymatic membrane reactor
Authors: Gonawan Fadzil Noor , Abu Bakar Mohamad Zailani , Abd Karim Khairiah , Kamaruddin Azlina Harun
Published: June 2016

The hydrolysis and transgalactosylation reaction of lactose in enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR) with immobilized β-gal is affected by transmembrane pressure (TMP) and feed flow rate.
Dual role of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidase-like activity of nanoceria and its application for colorimetric hydrogen peroxide and glucose sensing
Authors: Guo Ruochen , Wang Yanru , Yu Shaoxuan , Zhu Wenxin , Zheng Fangqing , Liu Wei , Zhang Daohong , Wang Jianlong
Published: June 2016

Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) exhibits excellent catalytic activity towards chromogenic substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which has been reported.
Synthesis and characterization of TPGS–gemcitabine prodrug micelles for pancreatic cancer therapy
Authors: Khare Vaibhav , Sakarchi Wejdan Al. , Gupta Prem N. , Curtis Anthony D. M. , Hoskins Clare
Published: June 2016

Evaluation of a novel polymer-drug conjugate formulation in pancreatic cancer.
A fluorescent sensor for Cu2+and Fe3+based on multiple mechanisms
Authors: He Wei , Liu Zheng
Published: June 2016

A new fluorescent sensor for the selective and sensitive sensing of Cu2+and Fe3+based on the rational control of multiple mechanisms has been developed.
An optimized approach in the synthesis of imatinib intermediates and analogues
Authors: Kinigopoulou M. , Filippidou M. , Gogou M. , Giannousi A. , Fouka P. , Ntemou N. , Alivertis D. , Georgis C. , Brentas A. , Polychronidou V. , Voulgari P. , Theodorou V. , Skobridis K.
Published: June 2016

We revisited the classical synthetic procedure for imatinib synthesis providing an improved and optimized approach in the preparation of a series of new imatinib analogues.
Optical fingerprints and electron transport properties of DNA bases adsorbed on monolayer MoS2
Authors: Sharma Munish , Kumar Ashok , Ahluwalia P. K.
Published: June 2016

Electronic, optical and transport properties of DNA nucleobase adsorbed on monolayer MoS2 has been investigated using density functional theory.
Winchinines A and B, two unusual monoterpene indole alkaloids with a third nitrogen atom from Winchia calophylla
Authors: Li Yu-Ting , Gao Xian-Da , Zhang Wei , Huang Xiao-Jun , Zhang Dong-Mei , Jiang Ren-Wang , Wang Lei , Zhang Xiao-Qi , Ye Wen-Cai
Published: June 2016

Two novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids with a third nitrogen atom were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Winchia calophylla.
Digital microfluidic platform for dielectrophoretic patterning of cells encapsulated in hydrogel droplets
Authors: Nestor B. A. , Samiei E. , Samanipour R. , Gupta A. , Van den Berg A. , Diaz de Leon Derby M. , Wang Z. , Nejad H. Rezaei , Kim K. , Hoorfar M.
Published: June 2016

In this article, we present a method for cell patterning and culture within a hydrogel droplet on a digital microfluidic (DMF) platform.
Enhanced CO2 separation performance of P(PEGMA-co-DEAEMA-co-MMA) copolymer membrane through the synergistic effect of EO groups and amino groups
Authors: Dong Liangliang , Wang Yue , Chen Mingqing , Shi Dongjian , Li Xiaojie , Zhang Chunfang , Wang Hui
Published: June 2016

PEDM copolymer membrane showed excellent gas separation performance through synergistic effect of EO and amino.
Fabrication of a cubic zirconia nanocoating on a titanium dental implant with excellent adhesion, hardness and biocompatibility
Authors: Das Indranee , Chattopadhyay Shreyasi , Mahato Arnab , Kundu Biswanath , De Goutam
Published: June 2016

Crystalline cubic zirconia nanocoating on cpTi with enhanced surface hardness, durability and biocompatibility, useful as an advanced oral implant was fabricated by applying layer-by-layer dip-coating at low annealing temperature.
Non-enzymatic glucose electrochemical sensor based on silver nanoparticle decorated organic functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ensafi Ali A. , Zandi-Atashbar N. , Rezaei B. , Ghiaci M. , Chermahini M. Esmaeili , Moshiri P.
Published: June 2016

Silver nanoparticles were decorated on organic amine chain functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes to fabricate a sensitive glucose sensor.
Recent advances in the synthesis of vinyl sulfones
Authors: Fang Yuyu , Luo Zaigang , Xu Xuemei
Published: June 2016

This review focus on recent achievements in vinyl sulfones synthesis and the mechanisms of the reactions are also discussed.
Immune cell response and subsequent bone formation induced by implantation of octacalcium phosphate in a rat tibia defect
Authors: Hirayama Bunichi , Anada Takahisa , Shiwaku Yukari , Miyatake Naohisa , Tsuchiya Kaori , Nakamura Masanori , Takahashi Tetsu , Suzuki Osamu
Published: June 2016

The present study was designed to investigate how octacalcium phosphate (OCP) induces an immune response and whether the response is involved in the biodegradation and subsequent bone formation by OCP implantation in bone defects.
Sensitive determination of tannic acid using blue luminescent graphene quantum dots as fluorophore
Authors: Sinduja Bharathi , John S. Abraham
Published: June 2016

Colorimetric and fluorimetric determination of tannic acid using blue luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs).
Recent developments in 3D printable composite materials
Authors: Kalsoom Umme , Nesterenko Pavel N. , Paull Brett
Published: June 2016

The formulation of new composite materials compatible with additive fabrication techniques is driving a revolution in the field of applied materials science.
Radicals from the gas-phase pyrolysis of a lignin model compound: p-coumaryl alcohol
Authors: Xu Meng-xia , Khachatryan Lavrent , Baev Alexander , Asatryan Rubik
Published: June 2016

The intermediate labile species – radicals produced in the gas-phase pyrolysis of p-coumaryl alcohol (p-CMA).
Pillar[7]arene-based host–guest complex in water: dual-responsiveness and application in controllable self-assembly
Authors: Shao Li , Hua Bin , Yang Jie , Yu Guocan
Published: June 2016

A dual-responsive supra-amphiphile was constructed based on a water-soluble pillar[7]arene and a pyrene-containing guest. The self-assembly morphology of this supra-amphiphile could be adjusted by changing pH or irradiation by UV light.
Inorganic–organic hybrid materials based on PbBr2and pyridine–hydrazone blocks – structural and theoretical study
Authors: Mahmoudi Ghodrat , Stilinović Vladimir , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Bartyzel Agata , Ruiz-Pérez Catalina , Kirillov Alexander M.
Published: June 2016

A new series of lead(ii) coordination polymers was generated from PbBr2and various pyridine–hydrazone blocks; their detailed structural, topological and theoretical analysis was performed.
MX (M = Ge, Sn; X = S, Se) sheets: theoretical prediction of new promising electrode materials for Li ion batteries
Authors: Zhou Yungang
Published: June 2016

In this work,viadensity functional theory calculations, we explored the interaction of Li with recently synthesized two-dimensional structures, MX (M = Ge, Sn; X = S, Se) sheets, for application in high-performance lithium ion batteries.
High performance NiO nanosheets anchored on three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as a binder-free anode for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Wu Jian , Yin Wen-Jin , Liu Wei-Wei , Guo Pan , Liu Guobiao , Liu Xicuan , Geng Dongsheng , Lau Woon-Ming , Liu Hao , Liu Li-Min
Published: June 2016

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) have attracted extensive research attention as promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacities.
Reversible superhydrophobic coatings on lifeless and biotic surfaces via dry-painting of aerogel microparticles
Authors: Wang Jin , Zhang Yulu , Zhang Xuetong
Published: June 2016

Aerogel microparticles can be applied on either lifeless or biotic surfaces by the proposed dry-painting-process for reversible superhydrophobic modification.
A purpurin-peptide derivative for selective killing of Gram-positive bacteria via insertion into cell membrane
Authors: Zhou Jin , Qi Guo-Bin , Wang Hao
Published: June 2016

A purpurin-peptide derivative was used for discriminating and killing bacteria based on the different surface components of bacteria.
Electrospinning of natural polymers for advanced wound care: towards responsive and adaptive dressings
Authors: Mele E.
Published: June 2016

Nanofibrous dressings produced by electrospinning proteins and polysaccharides are highly promising candidates in promoting wound healing and skin regeneration.
A robust double-network hydrogel with under sea water superoleophobicity fabricated via one-pot, one-step reaction
Authors: Li Hao , Hao Dezhao , Fan Junbing , Song Sufen , Guo Xinglin , Song Wenlong , Liu Mingjie , Jiang Lei
Published: June 2016

A robust double-network (DN) hydrogel fabricated by a one-pot, one-step reaction is reported.
Self-assembly of dual drug-delivery coating for synergistic bone regeneration
Authors: Qu Xue , He Fan , Tan Haoqi , Yu Yuanman , Axrap Akbar , Wang Meng , Dai Kai , Zhang Zheng , Yang Fei , Wang Shenguo , Kohn Joachim , Liu Changsheng
Published: June 2016

Bone regeneration for the treatment of bone diseases represents a major clinical need.
Proteomic and functional analysis of proline dehydrogenase 1 link proline catabolism to mitochondrial electron transport in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Cabassa-Hourton Cécile , Schertl Peter , Bordenave-Jacquemin Marianne , Saadallah Kaouthar , Guivarc'h Anne , Lebreton Sandrine , Planchais Séverine , Klodmann Jennifer , Eubel Holger , Crilat Emilie , Lefebvre-De Vos Delphine , Ghelis Thanos , Richard Luc , Abdelly Chedly , Carol Pierre , Braun Hans-Peter , Savouré Arnould
Published: June 2016

Proline accumulates in many plant species in response to environmental stresses. Upon relief from stress, proline is rapidly oxidized in mitochondria by proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) and then by pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH). Two ProDH genes have been identified in the genome of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. To gain a better understanding of ProDH1 functions in mitochondria, proteomic analysis was performed. ProDH1 polypeptides were identified in Arabidopsis mitochondria by immunoblotting gels after 2D blue native (BN)-SDS/PAGE, probing them with an anti-ProDH antibody and analysing protein spots by MS. The 2D gels showed that ProDH1 forms part of a low-molecular-mass (70–140 kDa) complex in the mitochondrial membrane. To evaluate the contribution of each isoform to proline oxidation, mitochondria were isolated from wild-type (WT) and prodh1, prodh2, prodh1prodh2 and p5cdh mutants. ProDH activity was high for genotypes in which ProDH, most likely ProDH1, was strongly induced by proline. Respiratory measurements indicate that ProDH1 has a role in oxidizing excess proline and transferring electrons to the respiratory chain.
Measuring Speech Comprehensibility in Students with Down Syndrome
Authors: Yoder Paul J. , Woynaroski Tiffany , Camarata Stephen
Published: June 2016

Purpose

There is an ongoing need to develop assessments of spontaneous speech that focus on whether the child's utterances are comprehensible to listeners. This study sought to identify the attributes of a stable ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility, which enabled examining the criterion-related validity of an orthography-based measure of the comprehensibility of conversational speech in students with Down syndrome.

Method

Participants were 10 elementary school students with Down syndrome and 4 unfamiliar adult raters. Averaged across-observer Likert ratings of speech comprehensibility were called a
ratings-based
measure of speech comprehensibility. The proportion of utterance attempts fully glossed constituted an
orthography-based
measure of speech comprehensibility.

Results

Averaging across 4 raters on four 5-min segments produced a reliable (G = .83) ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The ratings-based measure was strongly (
r
> .80) correlated with the orthography-based measure for both the same and different conversational samples.

Conclusion

Reliable and valid measures of speech comprehensibility are achievable with the resources available to many researchers and some clinicians.
Lexical Considerations in the Treatment of Speech Sound Disorders in Children
Authors: Sosa Anna
Published: June 2016

The interaction between lexical and phonological development has been the focus of a growing body of research. Findings suggest that phonological ability influences word learning and that certain characteristics of words influence how words are produced by children. This article summarizes research findings regarding the effects of word frequency, phonological neighborhood density (PND), and phonotactic probability (PP) on phonological development, and describes how these factors have been manipulated to influence phonological learning in the treatment of speech sound disorder in children. Clinical applications and ideas for considering lexical factors in the selection of target words for treatment are provided.
Integrated Speech and Language Interventions
Authors: Tyler Ann A.
Published: June 2016

It is known that linguistic domains interact as they develop in parallel alongside developing speech production processes. For children with compromised linguistic systems, interactions across domains present challenges and opportunities when considering interventions. The frequently encountered population of children with co-occurring speech sound disorder (SSD) and expressive language impairment are the focus of this article. This population is at increased risk for long-term language and literacy difficulties that impact education, social participation, and vocational outcomes. Integrated interventions are reviewed for their efficacy; in these interventions there is a scheduled focus on both speech and language, or both domains are intentionally targeted. Findings from intervention comparison studies show that a variety of different integrated interventions were equally effective in producing significant gains in speech accuracy. Interventions also produced the greatest effects in areas that were explicitly targeted, although incidental effects were also achieved. Recommendations are offered for a continuum of care for preschoolers who early on display delays in both speech and language. Our small evidence base highlights the need for further development and testing of multifaceted interventions in routine practice, to achieve speech normalization, phonological awareness gains, and oral language foundations as close to school entry as possible.
Best Practices for Dehydration Prevention
Authors: Panther Kathy
Published: June 2016

Dehydration is linked to dysphagia and impaired cognition which are conditions frequently encountered by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in health care. The SLP can play a role in dehydration prevention by participating in hydration management with individual patients and by addressing institutional hydration practices. This article highlights the need for awareness of predisposing factors that make older people susceptible to dehydration, the detection of signs and symptoms of dehydration, and the implementation of preventative strategies.
When a Little May Be Just Enough? Caring for People With Swallowing Difficulties at the End of Life, and Their Caregivers
Authors: Roe Justin , George Rob
Published: June 2016

Nutrition and hydration are emotive topics in many fields of health care. This can present particular challenges towards the end of life where reduced hydration and nutritional needs are a natural part of dying. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are increasingly involved in the care of dying patients. It is essential that they work as part of a dedicated, multidisciplinary team delivering a comprehensive package of specialist palliative care. In this paper, we will review the role of the SLP at the end of life and present information that will support the SLP to recognise and understand dying, and how medical and SLP interventions may compound rather than relieve symptoms. It is paramount that interventions are ethically sound and decision making is shared, respecting the autonomy of patients. In the event patients lack capacity, any advance directives/decisions and statements should be considered in consultation with caregivers. At the end of life, the focus of our intervention may shift from the patient to the caregiver, ensuring that they have a meaningful role in the care of their loved one in the final stages of dying.
Torque derivative control in induction motor drives supplied by multilevel inverters
Authors: Brando Gianluca , Dannier Adolfo , Del Pizzo Andrea , Rizzo Renato , Spina Ivan
Published: June 2016

The study deals with a novel torque derivative control of induction motor drives. The proposed technique is mainly finalised to improve the motor dynamic response regardless of speed operating conditions, ensuring satisfactory values of both motor currents distortion and torque ripple. The core of the discussed approach is a special look‐up table, in which the converter voltage space vectors are sorted with respect to their influence on the torque derivative, taking also into account their influence on the flux magnitude. The table is indeed accessed by a desired torque derivative value, obtained by properly processing the output of hysteresis controllers. Moreover, a variable duty‐cycle technique is implemented in order to ensure a satisfactory torque ripple in steady‐state conditions. The proposed algorithm, suitable for a general multilevel inverter, is numerically tested on a three‐level neutral point clamped inverter and its performance are compared with the ones obtained by a traditional direct torque control method based on three speed ranges look‐up tables. The control is then validated experimentally by means of a reduced scale laboratory prototype fixing the same condition used for numerical analysis.
Reliability evaluation of distribution systems with mobile energy storage systems
Authors: Chen Yingying , Zheng Yu , Luo Fengji , Wen Junhao , Xu Zhao
Published: June 2016

The development of battery energy storage system (BESS) facilitates the integration of renewable energy sources in the distribution system. Both distribution generation and mobile BESS (MBESS) can enhance the reliability of the distribution system. MBESS can facilitate the island operation of microgrids. This study proposes a set of methodologies to assess the reliability of power distribution network with the penetrations of MBESS and intermittent distribution sources. First, an analytic approach based on Markov models is applied for assessing the reliability analysis of the MBESS in distribution system. Then the method is verified by Monte Carlo simulation method and extended to a more complex distribution system. The model of MBESS is developed based on the real operation data. Case study on the IEEE test system has successfully verified the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Versatile CCD‐based spectrometer with field programmable gate array controller core
Authors: Ocaya R.O.
Published: June 2016

The design and implementation of a novel room temperature charge‐coupled device (CCD) spectrometer is presented. The timing generator and data acquisition circuits driving a 16,020 photodiode linear tricolour CCD detector capable of 24 dots per millimetre are described. Linear detection of ultraviolet, infrared and visible wavelengths over total wavelength range of 300 to 1000 nm of total wavelength range is possible by using three‐colour array multiplexing. The field programmable gate array logic processing realises a low‐cost, high‐speed digital spectrometer with USB interface. A finite state automaton is used to generate low‐skew, high‐speed complex clocks to drive the system. The output of the instrument is 8 bit array intensity versus wavelength array acquired using semi‐flash, 20 Mb/s analogue‐to‐digital converter, realising a 1.23 Gb/s per colour readout rate on the CCD. The resulting spectrometer is capable of USB 2.0 communication with high‐level processing programmes.
Lagrangian controllability of inviscid incompressible fluids: a constructive approach
Authors: Horsin Thierry , Kavian Otared
Published: June 2016

We present here a constructive method of Lagrangian approximate controllability for the Euler equation. We emphasize on different options that could be used for numerical recipes: either, in the case of a bi-dimensionnal fluid, the use of formal computations in the framework of explicit Runge approximations of holomorphic functions by rational functions, or an approach based on the study of the range of an operator by showing a density result. For this last insight in view of numerical simulations in progress, we analyze through a simplified problem the observed instabilities.
Second Trimester Screening of Preeclampsia Using Maternal Characteristics and Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler
Authors: Praciano de Souza Paulo , Gurgel Alves Júlio , Bezerra Maia e Holanda Moura Sammya , Araujo Júnior Edward , Martins Wellington , Da Silva Costa Fabricio
Published: June 2016

Purpose To establish the performance of a multi-parametric test including maternal risk factors and maternal uterine and ophthalmic artery Doppler in the second trimester of pregnancy for the prediction of preeclampsia (PE).

Materials and Methods We performed a prospective observational cohort study with pregnant women who underwent a second trimester morphology scan. Maternal uterine and ophthalmic artery Doppler examinations were performed in 415 singleton pregnancies between 18 and 23 weeks of gestation. Additional history was obtained through participant questionnaires, and follow-up occurred to the time of discharge post-delivery. The control and PE groups were compared to continuous variables using the Kruskal-Wallis test and to categorical variables using the Chi-square and Fisher exact tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the best model for the prediction of PE.

Results 40 (9.6 %) pregnant women developed PE. We observed significant differences in the body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), parity (p < 0.001), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p < 0.001), and pulsatility index (PI) of uterine artery Doppler (p < 0.001) between PE and control groups. The best model for the prediction of PE included maternal characteristics, MAP, maternal uterine and ophthalmic artery Doppler with area under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of 0.710 (95 % confidence interval, 613 – 0.807) with a sensitivity of 45 % to a false-positive rate of 10 % and 35 % to a false-positive rate of 5 %.

Conclusion Maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler did not promote a significant increase in the PE detection rate during the second trimester scan.
Diagnostik und ambulante Eradikationstherapie von Trägern mit MRSA in der vertragsärztlichen Versorgung – Eine Analyse der Erstattungssituation im Kontext aktueller Vergütungsveränderungen
Authors: Schwendler M. , Hübner C. , Fleßa S.
Published: June 2016

Der Methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) tritt in Deutschland sektorenübergreifend auf. Der deutsche Gesetzgeber hat die Vergütung für ärztliche Leistungen bei Trägern von MRSA im niedergelassenen Bereich erstmalig zum 01.04.2012 geregelt und nach einem 2-jährigen Erprobungszeitraum in die Regelversorgung aufgenommen. Die vorliegende retrospektive Arbeit soll einerseits einen Überblick über die MRSA-bezogene Leistungs- und Erstattungssituation geben und andererseits die MRSA-Patienten und deren Behandlung im ambulanten Sektor beschreiben. Mit dieser Zielrichtung wurden Sekundärdaten – standardmäßig erfasste Leistungsabrechnungsdaten – der Kassenärztlichen Bundesvereinigung (KBV) und der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung (KV) Mecklenburg-Vorpommern analysiert und ausgewertet. Die Analyse bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 01.04.2012 bis 31.03.2014. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass bundesweit MRSA-Leistungen in Höhe von 3 235 870,18 € vergütet werden und die Diagnostikkosten die Behandlungskosten übersteigen. In Deutschland rechnen 5 627 Ärzte Leistungen im Zusammenhang mit MRSA ab. Davon sind 51,56% Allgemeinmediziner und 21,25% hausärztlich tätige Internisten. In der KV Mecklenburg-Vorpommern sind die Patienten älter (Altersmittelwert 69,13 Jahre), die Leistungen kosten im Durchschnitt 27,76 € und 76,85% der Patienten werden innerhalb eines Quartals behandelt. Insgesamt ist festzustellen, dass sich die Identifikation von MRSA-Trägern und deren ambulante Sanierung regional unterschiedlich darstellen. Um weitere Grundlagen für eine effizientere Ressourcenverteilung im Gesundheitswesen zu schaffen ist es notwendig, die ambulante MRSA-Eradikation nicht nur medizinisch detaillierter zu analysieren, sondern auch die Nahtstellen des sektorenübergreifenden Patientenstroms und die Ökonomie zu betrachten.
Der Umgang mit MRSA bei Beschäftigten im Gesundheitsdienst aus Sicht der Krankenhaushygiene
Authors: Peters C. , Dulon M. , Lietz J. , Nienhaus A.
Published: June 2016

Hintergrund: Die Besiedlung mit Methicillin-resistentem Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) stellt für Mitarbeiter und die medizinischen Einrichtungen eine besondere Herausforderung dar. In diesem Zusammenhang spielen Mitarbeiter der Krankenhaushygiene neben Betriebsärzten eine wesentliche Rolle.

Methoden: 2014 wurden Krankenhaushygiene-Mitarbeiter schriftlich zum Umgang mit MRSA-besiedeltem Personal befragt. Der Erhebungsbogen enthielt Fragen zum MRSA-Management in Krankenhäusern sowie der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Hygienefachpersonal und Betriebsarzt. Als Vergleich wurde eine Untersuchung von Betriebsärzten zu ihren Erfahrungen bei der Betreuung von Mitarbeitern mit MRSA-Besiedlung hinzugezogen.

Ergebnisse: An der Befragung nahmen 124 Krankenhaushygiene-Mitarbeiter teil. Ein allgemeines Personalscreening findet vor allem in Ausbruchssituationen statt. Unterschieden wird zwischen vorübergehender und dauerhafter Besiedlung (47%). Als häufigstes Kriterium für eine MRSA-Dauerbesiedlung gelten 2 erfolglose Dekolonisierungsrunden. Eine Kooperation zwischen Hygienemitarbeiter und Betriebsarzt bei MRSA-Trägerschaft des Personals findet überwiegend statt. Die Verantwortung für Betreuung, Screening sowie Dekolonisierung der Mitarbeiter liegt bei beiden Berufsgruppen mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten. Über den Umgang mit MRSA-positivem Personal wird unterschiedlich berichtet. Die Empfehlungen zur Weiterarbeit trotz Besiedlung reichen von der Einhaltung der Standardhygiene bis zum patientenfernen Einsatz oder einer Freistellung.

Schlussfolgerung: Der Umgang mit MRSA bei Beschäftigten im Gesundheitsdienst ist in Deutschland unterschiedlich. Krankenhaushygiene-Mitarbeiter und Betriebsärzte sind gleichermaßen in die Betreuung involviert. Klare Regelungen würden im Umgang mit multiresistenten Erregern beim Personal helfen.