bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Retinopathy of Prematurity on Visual Motor Integration
Authors: Zimmermann Daniel Lukas , Schned Hannah , Unterasinger Lukas , Kirchner Lieselotte , Fuiko Renate , Olischar Monika , Klebermass-Schrehof Katrin , Berger Angelika , Weninger Manfred , Giordano Vito
Published: March 2023

Background: Preterm infants are at risk for neurodevelopmental deficits. An association between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and impaired cognitive outcome has already been described. However, less is known about the impact of ROP on visual motor integration (VMI), which is a prerequisite not only for fine motor abilities but also for further school skills. Therefore, the aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the impact of ROP on VMI at preschool age. Methods: The study was conducted at the Medical University of Vienna, including patients born between January 2009 and December 2014 with a gestational age of less than 30 weeks and/or a birth weight of less than 1,500 g. VMI was determined by Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration (Beery VMI) at the age of 5 years. Results: Out of 1,365 patients, 353 met inclusion criteria for this study. Two hundred sixteen of them had no ROP, while 137 had ROP (stage 1: n = 23, stage 2: n = 74, stage 3: n = 40). Mean value of the Beery VMI score was significantly lower in the ROP group compared to the No-ROP group (90 ± 16 vs. 99 ± 14; p < 0.01). By correcting for other important medical conditions, ROP still had a significant impact on Beery VMI score (p < 0.01). Particularly, lower scores were found for stage 2 (p < 0.01) and stage 3 (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Beery VMI scores were significantly lower in preterm infants with ROP stage 2 and 3 than in infants without ROP. This study shows the negative impact of ROP on VMI skills at preschool age, even after adjustment for key demographic and medical characteristics.
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Tissue Oxygenation Measurements in Neonates
Authors: Mohammed Tazuddin Azmi , Moores Jr. Russell Ray , Hendricks-Muñoz Karen D. , Romfh Padraic , Rozycki Henry J.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Current oxygen monitoring by pulse oximetry has limitations and cannot provide estimates of the oxygen content in the microvasculature, where oxygen is used. Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) provides noninvasive microvascular oxygen measurement. The objectives of this study were to (i) measure the correlation between preductal RRS microvascular oxygen saturations (RRS-StO2) and central venous oxygen saturation (SCVO2), (ii) develop normative data for RRS-StO2 measurements in healthy preterm infants, and (iii) determine the effect of blood transfusion on RRS-StO2. Methods: Thirty-three buccal and thenar RRS-StO2 measurements were performed in 26 subjects to correlate RRS-StO2 with SCVO2. Thirty-one measurements were performed in 28 subjects to develop normative RRS-StO2 values, and eight subjects were enrolled in the transfusion group to assess changes in RRS-StO2 with blood transfusion. Results: There were good correlations for buccal (r = 0.692) and thenar (r = 0.768) RRS-StO2 versus SCVO2. The median RRS-StO2 in healthy subjects was 76% (IQR 68.7–80.8). There was a significant increase of 7.8 ± 4.6% in the thenar RRS-StO2 after blood transfusion. Conclusions: RRS appears to be a safe and noninvasive means of monitoring microvascular oxygenation. Thenar RRS-StO2 measurements are more feasible and practical to use than buccal. In healthy preterm infants, the median RRS-StO2 was calculated based on measurements across various gestational age and gender. More studies evaluating the effects of gestational age of RRS-StO2 in various critical clinical settings are needed to confirm the findings.
Real-World Phosphate Binder Use among Dialysis-Dependent Patients with CKD
Authors: Berner Todd , Ferro Christine , Dieguez Gabriela , Metz Steve , Moore Jennifer , Szabo Erika , Kovesdy Csaba P.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: For patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the need for phosphate binder (PB) treatment peaks at onset of dialysis. This real-world study assessed rates of PB utilization and switching in patients with dialysis-dependent CKD (DD-CKD). Methods: We identified patients with PB utilization among those with prevalent DD-CKD using 2018–2019 Medicare Parts A/B/D data. Patients were assigned to cohorts based on primary (most frequently used) PB among calcium acetate, ferric citrate, lanthanum carbonate, sevelamer (hydrochloride and carbonate), sucroferric oxyhydroxide. We measured proportion of patients who were adherent (proportion of days covered >80%) and persistent (patients whose last 90 days of outpatient dialysis reported PB use). Net switching rates were calculated as the difference between switches to and from the primary agent. Results: We identified 136,912 patients with PB use. Proportion of patients adherent ranged from 63.8% (lanthanum carbonate) to 67.7% (sevelamer) and persistent from 85.1% (calcium acetate) to 89.5% (ferric citrate). Most patients (73%) used the same PB throughout the study. Overall, 20.5% of patients experienced one switch and 2.3% two or more. Positive net switching rates were observed for ferric citrate, sucroferric oxyhydroxide, and lanthanum carbonate (2–10%) but negative for sevelamer and calcium acetate (−2% to −7%). Conclusion: Adherence and persistence rates were low with slight variation across PBs. Net positive switching occurred for ferric citrate, sucroferric oxyhydroxide, and lanthanum carbonate. Further studies are needed to determine the reasons for these findings and could identify opportunities for better control of phosphate levels among patients with CKD.
Multiomic Analysis and CRISPR Perturbation Screens Identify Endothelial Cell Programs and Novel Therapeutic Targets for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gupta Rajat M. , Schnitzler Gavin R. , Fang Shi , Lee-Kim Vivian S. , Barry Aurelie
Published: March 2023

Endothelial cells (EC) are an important mediator of atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Their exposure to atherogenic risk factors such as hypertension and serum cholesterol leads to endothelial dysfunction and many disease-associated processes. Identifying which of these multiple EC functions is causally related to disease risk has been challenging. There is evidence from in vivo models and human sequencing studies that dysregulation of nitric oxide production directly affects risk of coronary artery disease. Human genetics can help prioritize the other EC functions with causal relationships because germline mutations are acquired at birth and serve as a randomized test of which pathways affect disease risk. Though several coronary artery disease risk variants have been linked to EC function, this process has been slow and laborious. Unbiased analyses of EC dysfunction using multiomic approaches promise to identify the causal genetic mechanisms responsible for vascular disease. Here, we review the data from genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic studies that prioritize EC-specific causal pathways. New methods that CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) perturbation technology with genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic analysis promise to speed up the characterization of disease-associated genetic variation. We summarize several recent studies in ECs which use high-throughput genetic perturbation to identify disease-relevant pathways and novel mechanisms of disease. These genetically validated pathways can accelerate the identification of drug targets for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
OTUB1 Catalytic-Independently Deubiquitinates TGFBI and Mediates the Angiogenesis in Infantile Hemangioma by Regulating Glycolysis
Authors: Li Mingyang , Wang Xuan , Yang Enli , Li Yiming , Geng Yiming , Chen Zhanwei , Huang Shengyun , Zhang Dongsheng , Wu Haiwei
Published: March 2023

Background:

Infantile hemangioma (IH) arises as a result of dysregulation of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The deubiquitylase OTUB1 (OTU domain, ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1) has been reported to play an essential role in multiple cancers; however, its function in the progression of IH and the underlying mechanisms regulating angiogenesis remain unclear.

Methods:

Transwell assays, EdU assays, and tube formation assays were performed to investigate the biological behavior of IH in vitro. IH animal models were established to estimate the progression of IH in vivo. Mass spectrometric analysis were conducted to detect the downstream of OTUB1 and ubiquitination sites of transforming growth factor beta induced (TGFBI). Half-life assays and ubiquitination test were performed to investigate the interaction between TGFBI and OTUB1. Extracellular acidification rate assays were employed to estimate the glycolysis level in IH.

Results:

The expression of OTUB1 was obviously increased in proliferating IH as compared to the involuting and involuted IH tissues. Through in vitro experiments, the knockdown of OTUB1 inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human hemangioma endothelial cells, while the overexpression of OTUB1 promoted the proliferation, migration and angiogenic abilities of human hemangioma endothelial cells. The knockdown of OTUB1 significantly suppressed IH progression in vivo. Furthermore, TGFBI was predicted as a functional downstream target of OTUB1 in IH by mass spectrometry. Mechanistically, OTUB1 interacted with and deubiquitylated TGFBI on the K22 and K25 residues, which was demonstrated to be independent of the catalytic activity of OTUB1. The inhibitory effects of OTUB1 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration and tube formation ability of human hemangioma endothelial cells were reversed by TGFBI overexpression. Further, we found that OTUB1 mediated glycolysis by regulating TGFBI in infantile hemangioma.

Conclusions:

OTUB1 deubiquitinates TGFBI in a catalytic-independent manner and promotes angiogenesis in infantile hemangioma by regulating glycolysis. Targeting OTUB1 might be an effective therapeutic strategy for inhibiting IH progression and tumor angiogenesis.
İşletmelerde Faaliyet ve Yatırım Süreçlerinin Vazgeçilmez Aracı: Stratejik Vergi Planlaması
Authors: ERCAN Taner
Published: March 2023

Vergi, devletin egemenlik gücüne çerçevesinde kamu hizmetlerinin finansmanını sağlamak maksadıyla toplumu oluşturan bireylerden ödeme güçleri nispetinde cebren sağladığı ekonomik değerlerdir. Söz konusu zorunluluk çerçevesinde vergi, mükellefler açısından gelirlerini azaltan ve ilave bir maliyet olarak karlarını düşüren bir unsur olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Yani vergilerin işletmeler üzerinde, kuruluş yeri seçiminden hukuki statü seçimine, faaliyet konusu seçiminden kullandıkları muhasebe sistemlerine, yatırım, finansman ve pazarlama politikalarına kadar birçok alanda etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Söz konusu durum çerçevesinde işletmelerin tüm yönetim süreçlerini kapsayan, kurumsal hedef odaklı, esnek ve mevzuat ile uyumlu, sürekli iyileştirme bakış açısına sahip bir vergi planlama aracı olan stratejik vergi planlaması, işletmelerin bu konudaki ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacaktır. Bu minvalde makalenin temel amacı, önemli bir maliyet unsuru olan vergi faktörüne karşı işletmelerin vermiş olduğu tepkilerden biri olan planlama faktörünü yeniden ele alarak stratejik vergi planlama yöntemini irdelemek ve işletmeler açısından önemini vurgulamaktır. Ayrıca işletmelerin kuruluşundan yatırım sürecine kadar, akabinde yatırım dönemi ve sonrasında kullanabileceği stratejik vergi planlama kavramı ve araçlarını Türkiye özelinde değerlendirmektir.
Sahra Altı Afrika Ülkelerinde Sosyo-Ekonomik Faktörlerin Ortalama Yaşam Süresine Etkisinin Panel Veri Analiz Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
Authors: AKBULUT Fevzi
Published: March 2023

Geçmişten günümüze ortalama yaşam süresi ülkeler için gelişmişliğin önemli bir göstergesi olmuştur. Ortalama yaşam süresini etkileyen birçok faktör bulunmakta ve ülkeler arasında ortalama yaşam süresinde büyük farklılıklar görülmektedir. Gelişmemiş ülkelerde ortalama yaşam süresi 50-60 yıl civarındayken gelişmiş ülkelerde 80 yılın üzerine çıkmış durumdadır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada ortalama yaşam süresi 60 yıl dolaylarında olan Sahra Altı Afrika ülkelerinin sosyo-ekonomik göstergelerinin cinsiyete özgü ortalama yaşam süreleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılmış ve Sahra Altı Afrika ülkelerinde yer alan 48 ülkeden verilerine ulaşılabilen 45 ülke analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda sosyo-ekonomik değişkenlerin hem kadınlarda hem de erkeklerde ortalama yaşam sürelerine benzer şekilde etki ettiği görülmüştür. Cinsiyete özgü ortalama yaşam süreleri ile enflasyon ve işsizlik arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir.
The Politics of Change from the Ottoman Empire to the Young Republic
Authors: KARAKUŞ Girayalp
Published: March 2023

Although kings and princes were in power in Europe, states acted as a single Christian nation. However, this situation changed with the age of Reformism. Although the ideology of the Catholic Vatican church to create a single Christian community made its presence felt, it would lose its influence by the end of the 16th century. The intellectual developments in the West also affected Turkey and formed the basis of the years-long conflict between modernism and traditionalism. In this study, reciprocal analyzes were performed. The findings of many domestic and foreign researchers were included. Thus, it was tried to gain a critical perspective to the reader. The intellectual transformation of intellectuals and ruling elites in Turkish political history from the Ottoman Empire to the Young Republic was tried to be explained. The stages of Turkish intellectual life were examined. It was necessary to attempt realistic and intellectual solutions to developments in social relations and emerging new social needs to understand and solve the problems brought by the previous development processes of society.
Muhafazakâr İş Adamlarının Katılım Sigortacılığı (Tekâfül) Farkındalığı ve Tercih Nedenleri
Authors: ERGENE Leyla , ÜLEV Salih
Published: March 2023

Literatürde, muhafazakâr iş adamlarının katılım sigortacılığı (tekâfül) hakkında bilgi sahibi olup olmadıkları ve sigorta yaptırmak hususunda nasıl bir tavır takındıkları hususunu inceleyen sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, muhafazakâr iş adamlarının katılım sigortacılığı farkındalığı ve katılım sigortacılığı talebini belirleyen sebeplerin neler olduğunun keşfedilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu kartopu örnekleme tekniğiyle belirlenen Sakarya’daki 5 MÜSİAD ve 4 ASKON üyesinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmış, kaydedilen görüşmeler deşifre edilip ATLAS.ti 8 programına aktarılmış, veriler içerik analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve temalar belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların çoğunlukla tekâfülü tercih etmedikleri görülmüştür. Katılımcıların tekafülü tercih etmemelerinin en önemli sebebi, tekâfül hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmamalarıdır. Tekâfülü tercih eden katılımcıların ise tercih etme sebebi olarak dini hassasiyet ön plana çıkmaktadır.
Mali İmparatorluğu’nun Siyasi Tarihi (13. ve 14. Yüzyıllar)
Authors: DEMİRER Arif
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma da Bilad Es-Sudan topraklarında hüküm süren Mali İmparatorluğu’nun kuruluşundan 1400 yılına kadar olan siyasi tarihi ele alınmaktadır. İmparatorluğun kuruluşu Sundiata destanı üzerinden anlatılarak kurucu Sundiata’nın başından geçen hadiselere değinilmiş ve Mali’nin nasıl siyasi bir birlik haline geldiği sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. İbn Haldun’un aktarmış olduğu tarihi kayıtlardan faydalanılarak Mali tahtına geçen mansaların siyasi faaliyetlerinden kronolojik sırayla bahsedilmiş ve imparatorluğun gelişimi özetlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Mali tarihinde öne çıkan liderlerden olan Mansa Musa’nın hac yolculuğunda yaşadıklarına değinilerek bu yolculuk sonrasında ülkesinde gerçekleştirdiği işlerin neler olduğu anlatılmıştır. Mansa Süleyman devrinde 1252-3’te Mali’yi ziyaret eden ünlü seyyah İbn Battuta’nın Mali sarayında şahit olduğu siyasi entrikalara yer verilerek imparatorluğun nasıl zayıflamaya başladığı analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İmparatorluğun yıkılış dönemine dair bilgiler kısıtlı olması nedeniyle İbn Haldun’un bahsettiği son Mansa olan Mahmud’la çalışma sonlandırılmıştır.
Modern Türk Tiyatrosunda Divan Edebiyatı İzlerine Bir Örnek: Mahiyet-i Aşk
Authors: KUL Gül Nihal , KAYA YİĞİT Bilge
Published: March 2023

Makalede, 19. yüzyılda yazılmış ve yayımlanmış iki fasıl, iki perdeden oluşan Mahiyet-i Aşk adlı tiyatro eseri günümüz alfabesine aktarılarak hem eserin edebiyat dünyasına kazandırılması hem de Batı tesiriyle yeni edebiyat kapsamında kaleme alınmış bu eserin Divan edebiyatından taşıdığı etkilerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda etkisi yüzyıllarca süren Divan edebiyatının son dönem yenileşme temayülleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Mahiyet-i Aşk adlı eserin yazarı olan Ali Necip Paşazade Ahmet Hamdi’nin hayatı, eserleri, edebî eğilimleri, dil hususiyetleri üzerinde tespitler yapılacaktır. Mahiyet-i Aşk, tiyatro eseri olmasına rağmen konusu modern tiyatronun konusundan ziyade Divan edebiyatının konusuyla uyumlu olan karşılıksız bir aşkın ilahi aşka dönüşümü, aşkın mahiyetinin/özünün insan idrakindeki yolculuğudur. Çalışmamızda yazarın Sanki Aşk adlı tiyatro eserinden de istifade edilerek Mahiyet-i Aşk adlı eserin geleneksel ve modern edebiyattan taşıdığı izler izah edilecektir.
Şerif el-İdrisi ve İbn Haldun’da Yedi İklim Anlayışı: Farklı Yaklaşımlar, Farklı Nedenler
Authors: TANRIKULU Murat
Published: March 2023

Öz: Helenistik dönem düşünürleri, doğulan zamanın, bu zamanda gezegen ve yıldızların göyüzündeki pozisyonlarının, yaşanılan mekânda görülen iklimin insan tabiatı, dış görünüş ve denge üzerinde etkili olduğuna inanıyorlardı. Özellikle iklim bu konuda çok belirleyiciydi. Bu nedenle Yer’in bilinen kısımlarını beş veya yedi iklim zonuna böldüler. İklim düşüncesi, çeviriler yoluyla İslam bilim ve kültür çevrelerine ulaştı. Süreç içinde İslam bilim çevreleri tercüme ettikleri bu eserleri öğrendiler ve özgün eserler ürettiler. Ancak İdrisi gibi bilim insanları belki de bulundukları şartlar gereği daha çok Batı kaynaklı, özellikle Batlamyus etkisinde kalarak eserler neşretmişlerdir. İdrisi’nin bu konudaki görüşleri ondan yüzyıllar sonra, Mukaddime adlı eserinde İbn Haldun tarafından bazı farklarla tekrar ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacını, dile getirilen anlamda el-İdrisi’den İbn Haldun’a yedi iklim anlayışının farklı yansımalarını ortaya koymak oluşturmaktadır. Yöntem olarak doküman analizi ve hermeneutikten yararlanılmıştır.
Öteki ile Beraber Yaşamanın Sosyolojik Zemini
Authors: SARAÇOĞLU Ayşe Derya
Published: March 2023

Öteki, tarih boyunca sosyal bilimlerin temel konularından bir tanesi olmuştur. Modern dönemde kavramın kendisine yüklenen anlamlar çerçevesinde şekillenerek öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Küreselleşen dünya düzeninde farklılıkların yoğunlukla görülmesi beraberinde öteki kavramı ve bu kavram üzerinden üretilen dışlama, ayrımcılık, yabancı düşmanlığı, ötekileştirme gibi negatif içerikli olgu ve akımlar da sosyal bilimlerin gündemine girmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında öteki kavramına dair genel çerçeve çizilerek öteki ile beraber yaşama sürecinde rol oynayan faktörler ele alınmış, farklılıkların bir arada yaşamaları ile ilgili olarak en fazla öne çıkan siyasi politikalardan çokkültürcülüğe değinilmiştir. Çalışmayla amaçlanan, ötekiye dair teorik çerçeveyi genel hatlarıyla özetlemek, öteki ile iletişimi etkileyen faktörleri, ötekiyle beraber yaşama ile ilgili süreçleri ve meselenin siyasi yönü olan çokkültürcülükle ilgili temel değerlendirmeleri ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma kapsamında öteki ile iletişimin ve ötekiliğe dair toplumsal süreçlerin temel belirleyenleri olan kalıpyargı, önyargı ve grup ayrımlarına da değinilerek karşılaşılan problemler ve çözüm önerileri sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
İşletmelerin Döngüsel ve Finansal Etkinlikleri Arasındaki İlişki: BIST 50 Endeksinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: ECE ÇOKMUTLU Meltem
Published: March 2023

Döngüsel ekonomi, doğrusal ekonomiye alternatif olarak ortaya çıkan, kaynak verimliliğini, atık azaltımını ve geri dönüşümü önceleyen yeni bir ekonomi modelidir. Doğanın sunduğu kaynaklara bağımlılığı çok yüksek olan imalat işletmeleri hammaddeyi doğadan alırken ve atıklarını yine doğaya bırakırken gerçekleştirdikleri operasyonların çevresel etkilerini de döngüsel ekonomi stratejileri sayesinde daha optimum şekilde yönetmektedirler. Bu çalışmanın amacını Borsa İstanbul (BIST) 50 Endeksinde yer alan imalat sanayi işletmelerinin 2019-2021 dönemine ilişkin döngüsel ekonomi etkinliklerinin ve finansal etkinliklerinin ölçülmesi ve karşılaştırılması oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmada döngüsel ve finansal etkinlikler Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile ölçülmüştür. 2019-2021 analiz döneminde işletmelerin döngüsel ve finansal etkinlik sonuçları incelendiğinde 2019 yılında AYGAZ ve CIMSA, 2020 yılında ARCLK, CCOLA, OTKAR, TUPRS, ULKER ve SISE, 2021 yılında ise AYGAZ ve FROTO hem döngüsel hem de finansal etkinliğe sahip işletmeler olmuşlardır.
Düzensiz Göç Sorununun Afet Yönetimi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: USTA Galip
Published: March 2023

Afetler, savaşlar, siyasi istikrarsızlıklar, ekonomik sorunlar vb. durumlar nedeniyle yerlerinden edilen insanlar hayatta kalmak ya da daha iyi bir yaşam sürebilmek için birtakım eylemlere yönelebilmektedirler. Özellikle savaşların, iç karışıklıkların ve afetlerin tetiklediği sorunlardan bir tanesinin göç hareketliliği olduğu söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada da çeşitli nedenlerle Türkiye’ye gerçekleşen düzensiz göç hareketliliğinin, Türkiye’nin bu konudaki tutumunun ne olduğunun anlaşılması ve bu hareketliliğin afet yönetimi açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada; 2015-2021 yılları arasındaki düzensiz göçmen sayısı incelendiğinde, en fazla göçmen sayısının 2015 yılında (n=91611) olduğu, bunu 2019 yılının (n=60802) ve 2016 yılının (n=37130) takip ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; ulusal ve uluslararası göç yönetim mevzuatlarının günün koşullarına uygun şekilde güncelleştirilmesi devam ettirilmelidir. Göçmenlerin sosyal hayata uyumlarının artırılabilmesi için destek programları planlanabilir. Göç hareketliliğinin yönetilebilmesi açısından menşei ülkeler, yatırımlar ve olanaklar noktasında desteklenmeli ve eğitim faaliyetleri sürdürülmelidir.
Bergen Filminin Şiddet Motifi Çerçevesinde Göstergebilimsel Analizi
Authors: İSLAMOĞLU Gözde , ATEŞÇİ Emel
Published: March 2023

Biyografik filmlerin sıra dışı ve acılı gerçek yaşam öykülerine dayanması, seyircide merak uyandırmaktadır. Arabesk şarkıcısı Bergen, yaşadığı dönemde eşinden şiddet görmesiyle gündeme gelmiştir. Onun yaşam öyküsünü perdeye yansıtan Bergen (2022) filmi, seyircinin gişede desteğini almış ve yoğun ilgi görmüştür. Özellikle pandemide sinema sektöründe de yaşanan sıkıntı sonrası, bir Türk filminin gösterdiği bu gişe başarısı önemlidir. Bergen filmi sadece bir şarkıcı filmi değildir, aynı zamanda kadına uygulanan ev içi şiddetin de anlatıldığı bir filmdir. Çalışmada filmdeki şiddet öğesinin ne şekilde ele alındığı, ikili karşıtlıklar üzerinden incelenerek göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle ele alınmıştır. Inceleme sonucunda filmde ev içi şiddetin romantize edilmeden sunulduğu ve böylelikle seyircinin gözünde bir meşrulaştırma aracına dönüştürülmediği tespit edilmiştir.
Rekreatif Faaliyetlerin Alzheimer Hastaları Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: AKIN Adnan , BAŞ Mehtap , AKIN Aliye
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer hastalığı, bilişsel ve davranışsal alanda hasta bireylerde performans düşüklüğü ortaya çıkaran ve yaşam kalitesini ciddi oranda düşüren hızlı bir biçimde ilerleyen nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Hastaların yaşam kalitelerini yükseltmek amacıyla turizm ve rekreasyon faaliyetlerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Çalışmada Alzheimer hastalarına terapi ve tedavi amacıyla uygulanan rekreatif faaliyetlerin hastalar üzerinde oluşturduğu değişimleri, psikolojik ve fiziksel kazanımları ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç kapsamında çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden örnek olay incelemesi kullanılmış olup Alzheimer hasta ve hasta yakınlarını bir araya getirmek, hastaları rehabilite etmek amacıyla Gaziantep Büyükşehir Belediyesi tarafından kurulan merkezin çalışanları/eğitmenleri ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Buna göre uygulanan rekreatif etkinliklerin hastalar üzerinde; duyu-kas koordinasyonunda iyileşme, ince motor becerilerinde düzelme, vücut denge koordinasyonun sağlanması, sosyal iletişimin kuvvetlenmesi, agresif ve depresif davranışların azalması, özgüven artışı gibi önemli fiziksel ve psikolojik kazanımlar sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.
The Unconscious in Rosenzweig’s The Star of Redemption: On the Threshold of a Possible Revelation
Authors: Pinkas Ronen
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses Franz Rosenzweig’s use of the term “the unconscious” (das Unbewußte) and possible influences on his understanding of it. I claim that for Rosenzweig, it is through the unconscious that the individual becomes aware of himself and becomes capable of fulfilling his longing to achieve self-fulfillment and eventually to take part in a collective redemption. The unconscious is often perceived as the mental sphere related to trauma and repression in which defense mechanisms and fantasies are evolved. Fantasies are psychological tools that allow the individual to cope with trauma, but they are also “layers of enclosedness,” illusions that should be dissolved. Hence, in the unconscious, we find a possibility of liberation.
A taxonomic revision of the Indian species of the ‘Aterinervis’ group of Culicoides Latreille Subgenus Hoffmania Fox (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: SARKAR ANKITA , BANERJEE PARAMITA , SINHA SHUVRA KANTI , MAZUMDAR ABHIJIT
Published: March 2023

The seven species of Culicoides spp. belonging to the Aterinervis Group of subgenus Hoffmania Fox reported from India are revised. The study is based on type material and fresh specimens trapped during the Annual Biodiversity Assessment (2nd & 4th) of Neora Valley National Park (NVNP) in the Darjeeling–Sikkim Himalaya of India. Comparative redescriptions of adult male and female of Culicoides isoregalis, C. neoregalis, C. pararegalis, C. pseudoregalis, C. quasiregalis, C. regalis and C. subregalis are provided along with the formal transfer of the nominate species, Culicoides aterinervis from subgenus Culicoides Latreille to Hoffmania. A key to the Indian species belonging to the Aterinervis group is provided along with a list of the Culicoides species present in the Darjeeling–Sikkim Himalayas.
Taxonomic contribution to the knowledge of Galumnidae (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae) from Cuba
Authors: ERMILOV SERGEY G. , KOLESNIKOV VASILIY B. , KONTSCHÁN JENŐ , KLIMOV PAVEL B.
Published: March 2023

The present study is based on galumnid mites (Oribatida, Galumnidae) collected from leaf litter of two mixed forests in Cuba; six species from three genera are identified. Three new species—Pergalumna (Pergalumna) cienfuegosensis sp. nov., P. (P.) foveolatostriata sp. nov. and Galumna (G.) gigantea sp. nov.—are described. Allogalumna brevisetosa (Bayartogtokh & Weigmann, 2005) is recorded in the Neotropical region for the first time; P. (P.) obvia (Berlese, 1914) is recorded in Cuba for the first time.
Development of deep-learning models for a hybrid simulation of auscultation training on standard patients using an ECG-based virtual pathology stethoscope
Authors: Yhdego Haben , Kidane Nahom , Mckenzie Frederick , Audette Michel
Published: March 2023

Cardiac auscultation (CA), the act of listening to the heart’s sound, is a critical skill that provides valuable information for identifying serious heart diseases. Proficiency in cardiac auscultation requires repeated stethoscope practice and experience in identifying abnormal or irregular cardiac rhythms. However, nowadays, most hospital admissions are short and intensely focused, with fewer opportunities for medical trainees to learn and practice bedside examination skills. It is common practice in many institutions to incorporate standardized patients (SPs) into CA training because these actors are able to represent the patient and convey the symptoms. However, SPs are typically healthy individuals, limiting the kinds of abnormalities that students can hear. In this work, we develop a novel real-time simulation-based method for virtual pathology stethoscope (VPS) detection. The VPS system uses augmented reality (AR) to teach medical students how to perform cardiac examinations by listening to abnormal heart sounds in SPs who are otherwise healthy. A digital stethoscope with two electrodes on the chest piece collects electrocardiogram (ECG) signal data sets from SPs at the four primary auscultation sites. Next, different deep-learning methods are evaluated for classifying the location of the stethoscope by taking advantage of subtle differences in the ECG signals. This study would significantly extend the simulation capabilities of SPs by allowing medical students and trainees to perform realistic CA and hear CA in a clinical environment.
Examining the long-term influence of New Deal era redlining on contemporary gentrification
Authors: Gibbons Joseph
Published: March 2023

The New Deal era’s Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) programme has garnered notoriety for denying Black communities financial investment based on their race through the practice known as redlining. It is possible that redlining influenced future investment in these neighbourhoods by making them more appealing to gentrifiers through creating a rent gap or increasing the percentage of non-White populations. To explore the link between HOLC redlining and gentrification, we drew upon a sample of 58 cities across the United States from the Mapping Decline project. We also leveraged historical Census data collected by IPUMS and the Longitudinal Tract Database, as well as data on urban renewal from Renewing Inequality to control for intervening factors. Findings indicate that HOLC redlining can either directly or indirectly relate to gentrification depending on when gentrification begins. These findings encourage more consideration of the role of racist government policies in determining when gentrification will occur.
Nasopharyngeal Fibroangioma: Revisiting the “Other End” of the Spectrum
Authors: Panja Tanaya , Dutta Mainak , Kadambott Sharafali
Published: March 2023

Significance Statement

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma rarely presents in post-adolescent and elderly men, either as the natural evolution of a pre-existing lesion or as a de novo skull-base tumor. As the lesion ages, its composition changes from vessel-predominant to stroma-predominant—the angiofibroma–fibroangioma spectrum. As a fibroangioma, it has restrained clinical features (asymptomatic or occasional epistaxis), minimal avidity for contrast agents, and limited spread potential evident on imaging. These atypical features lead to a diagnostic dilemma when an innocuous choanal/nasopharyngeal fibrovascular mass is encountered in hitherto asymptomatic adult men presenting with epistaxis.
Ultrasound Homodyned-K Contrast-Weighted Summation Parametric Imaging Based on H-scan for Detecting Microwave Ablation Zones
Authors: Li Sinan , Zhou Zhuhuang , Wu Shuicai , Wu Weiwei
Published: March 2023

The homodyned-K (HK) distribution is a generalized model of envelope statistics whose parameters α (the clustering parameter) and k (the coherent-to-diffuse signal ratio) can be used to monitor the thermal lesions. In this study, we proposed an ultrasound HK contrast-weighted summation (CWS) parametric imaging algorithm based on the H-scan technique and investigated the optimal window side length (WSL) of the HK parameters estimated by the XU estimator (an estimation method based on the first moment of the intensity and two log-moments, which was used in the proposed algorithm) through phantom simulations. H-scan diversified ultrasonic backscattered signals into low- and high-frequency passbands. After envelope detection and HK parameter estimation for each frequency band, the α and k parametric maps were obtained, respectively. According to the contrast between the target region and background, the ( α or k) parametric maps of the dual-frequency band were weighted and summed, and then the CWS images were yielded by pseudo-color imaging. The proposed HK CWS parametric imaging algorithm was used to detect the microwave ablation coagulation zones of porcine liver ex vivo under different powers and treatment durations. The performance of the proposed algorithm was compared with that of the conventional HK parametric imaging and frequency diversity and compounding Nakagami imaging algorithms. For two-dimensional HK parametric imaging, it was found that a WSL equal to 4 pulse lengths of the transducer was sufficient for estimating the α and k parameters in terms of both parameter estimation stability and parametric imaging resolution. The HK CWS parametric imaging provided an improved contrast-to-noise ratio over conventional HK parametric imaging, and the HK αcws parametric imaging achieved the best accuracy and Dice score of coagulation zone detection.
What Google-based data can tell us about information systems theory: A review
Authors: Thongmak Mathupayas
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the attention and acceptance of popular information systems (IS) theory. Both Google Scholar (GS) and Google Trends (GT) data related to popular IS theories from 2006 to 2020 are collected. The study provides an overview of popular IS theories and tests the pair data to show changes in GS’s total publications and GT’s public interest. Correlation analyses are conducted to investigate the relationships between GS and GT data, as well as between GS and GT data. Trend analysis reveals that there are certain IS theories that researchers and practitioners should pay attention to. In addition, this study provides an overview of recent and future directions in this field. Despite the significant increase in research using Google data, the use of big data to explore the interests and applications of IS theories has been rarely explored.
Trifecta and Carpentier Edwards aortic bioprostheses: Comparison of six years follow-up outcomes
Authors: Pfister Raymond , Frey Vincent , Kirsch Matthias , Tozzi Piergiogio , Delay Dominique , Gunga Ziyad , Prêtre René , Niclauss Lars
Published: March 2023

Background

To compare mid-term clinical outcomes and hemodynamic performance of the stented pericardial Trifecta bioprosthesis for surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) with a technically comparable commonly used surgical bioprosthesis.

Methods

Data from consecutive patients implanted with the TF or the Carpentier Edwards Magna Ease valve were retrospectively analyzed. Primary analysis was performed on a propensity score–matched cohort. Primary endpoints included the composite of death or reoperation and structural valve deterioration. The comparison also included echocardiographic assessments at one-week post-AVR and at the last documented follow-up.

Results

Two propensity score–matched groups of 170 patients each were identified from the overall population ( n = 486). Incidence of postoperative mortality (2.9% vs. 7.1%, respectively, p = 0.08), and patient prosthesis mismatch (1.2% and 2.4%, p = 0.41) were similar. At mean follow-up of 5.84 (Trifecta) and 6.1 (Carpentier Edwards) years, the incidence of all-cause death/reoperation (15.3% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.88 for Trifecta and Carpentier Edwards, respectively) and structural valve disease (1.8% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.47) were similar. Overall, postoperative mean transvalvular pressure gradients were significantly lower in the Trifecta group than in the Carpentier Edwards group (7.7 ± 3.3 vs. 11.3 ± 3.6 mmHg, p < 0.01). Mean transvalvular gradient remained significantly lower through the last follow-up for small-sized Trifecta valves (19/21 mm; 10.5 ± 4.2 vs. 13.8 ± 5.9 mmHg, p = 0.039) but not for larger valves (10.3 ± 4.8 vs. 9.4 ± 3.5 mmHg, p = 0.31).

Conclusion

The Trifecta valve is a valuable alternative to the Carpentier Edwards valve in terms of safety, hemodynamic performance, and mid-term durability. Smaller-sized valves provide additional clinical benefits, given their persistent hemodynamic advantages through mid-term follow-up.
Effects of finite sampling on fatigue damage estimation of wind turbine components: A statistical study
Authors: Mozafari Shadan , Dykes Katherine , Rinker Jennifer Marie , Veers Paul
Published: March 2023

The variability of the wind turbine loads complicates fatigue assessment in the design phase, as performing simulations covering the entire lifetime is computationally expensive. The current work provides important information for assessing the uncertainty in fatigue damage estimation due to finite data. We study the sample size effect on mean, variance, and skewness of damage in each wind bin, identify the important wind bins, and study the uncertainty propagation from each wind bin to the lifetime damage using 3600 aeroelastic simulations and bootstrapping. To achieve less than 1% error in the damage estimation across all load channels in the current case study, at least 100 turbulence seeds are needed. Damage in different wind bins follows a lognormal distribution when using the conventional approach of six seeds. The provided insights and information allow the designer to achieve a specific level of accuracy for a given computational cost using strategic bin sampling.
A Multidisciplinary Pediatric Neurology Clinic for Systematic Follow-up of Children with Neurologic Sequelae of COVID-19
Authors: Patel Payal B. , Patrick Kristina E. , Benedetti Giulia M. , Morgan Lindsey A. , Bowen Katherine S. , Wright Jason N. , Wainwright Mark S.
Published: March 2023

Clinical guidance on outpatient follow-up of children hospitalized with acute neurologic complications of SARS-CoV2 infection is needed. We describe the clinical infrastructure of our pediatric neurology post-Covid clinic, including our clinical evaluation and cognitive testing battery specific to this patient population, and a case series of our initial patient cohort. Our findings demonstrate cognitive sequelae in all 4 of our patients months following acute SARS-CoV2 infection with neurologic complications including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, viral encephalitis, and gait difficulties. Verbal and executive function domains were predominantly affected in our cohort, even in patients who did not endorse symptomatic or academic complaints at follow-up. Our recommendations include systematic clinical follow-up for children following hospitalization with SARS-CoV2 infection with a comprehensive cognitive battery to monitor for cognitive sequalae and to assist with developing an individualized education plan for the child as they return to school.
The Relational Virtual Nursing Practice Model: A Web-Based Nursing Intervention
Authors: Rouleau Geneviève , Richard Lauralie , Côté José , Ramirez-Garcia Maria Pilar
Published: March 2023

This discussion paper aimed to reflect on the development of relational connections in the context of a web-based, tailored, asynchronous nursing intervention (VIH-TAVIETM) aimed at empowering people living with HIV in taking their antiretroviral treatment. Our reflection culminates in the Relational Virtual Nursing Practice Model. This paper builds on nurse-researchers and people living with HIV’s experiences, nursing theories, and cross-disciplinary work on relational engagement. The model shows the disciplinary principles underpinning VIH-TAVIETM, engagement processes used to create humanistic and supportive relational environment and people’s relational experiences and it contributes to the development of conceptual nursing knowledge on how generating meaningful relational nursing care in virtual environments.
Study on the effect of dynamic stiffness of supporting structure on dynamic characteristics of the rotor system
Authors: Liu Kaining , Luo Zhong , Li Lei , Liu Jiaxi , Jiang Guangyi , Lu Liangwen
Published: March 2023

The rotor systems are the critical components of many rotational machines. The dynamic stiffness of the supporting structure affects the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system significantly. The effect can’t be overlooked for obtaining accurate dynamic characteristics. The judgment index of dynamic stiffness influence (DSI) is proposed in this paper to evaluate the degree of dynamic stiffness influence on the dynamic characteristics. The dynamic model of the rotor system considering the dynamic stiffness of supports is established, and the expression of DSI is given. Then the Campbell diagrams and corresponding DSI values for different system parameters under the influence of dynamic stiffness are discussed and analyzed. The effectiveness of DSI is verified by the literature. Besides, an experiment is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the DSI. The results indicate that the effectiveness of DSI can be confirmed by both numerical and experimental cases, and that the DSI can evaluate the degree of dynamic stiffness influence well.
Command smoothing-proxy sliding mode control of hydraulic servo system considering structural flexibility
Authors: Wang Weiping , Du Wenfang
Published: March 2023

In this study, a command smoothing-disturbance observer-based proxy sliding mode control (CS-DPSMC) method is proposed for a class of hydraulic servo systems with structural flexibility. First, to alleviate the influence of residual vibration due to structural flexibility, command smoothing method (CS) is used to modify the desired trajectory; Then, a nonlinear disturbance observer-based proxy sliding mode controller (DPSMC) is developed so as to make the hydraulic actuator track the desired trajectory. Besides, the control signal is continuous because the discontinuous sign function is theoretically canceled. Therefore, high-frequency unmodeled dynamics of flexible structures will not be excited. According to the passivity theory and Lyapunov theory, the stability of the control system is proven. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by comparative numerical analysis.
Progress in the study of electrorheological polishing: A review
Authors: Sun Han , Zhao Xiaopeng , Yin Jianbo
Published: March 2023

Electrorheological polishing (ERP) is an important field-assisted polishing method, which can reduce abrasive loss and improve machining efficiency by using the electric field-induced electrorheological (ER) effect to help the abrasive to overcome the centrifugal force caused by high rotating speed during polishing. ERP has many advantages, including high efficiency, high precision, facile polishing for a small object, and a good application prospect in polishing optical devices and hard molds. This review describes the research progress in ERP in the past two decades. The mechanism of electrorheological polishing is analyzed from two aspects of electrorheological effect and dielectrophoresis. According to the time sequence of electrorheological polishing development, two kinds of ERP materials including the simple mixing system and composite particle system are introduced. ERP electrodes including off-axis bipolar electrode, needle-ring electrode, needle-like single electrode, one-sided patterned electrode, and one-sided simple composite electrode are described. From the two characterization quantities of removal rate and surface quality, the industrial factors affecting the ERP effect are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of ERP and other polishing processes are compared. Finally, the remaining challenges and possible development trends in ERP technology for the future outlook are proposed.
The Impact of Patient Characteristics and Antiplatelet Regimes on Clot Microstructure in Patients Treated for ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Clot Microstructure can Evaluate Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Lawrence Matthew J. , Obaid Daniel R. , Sabra Ahmed , Whitley Janet , Quarry Rhianwen , Pillai Suresh , Chase Alexander J. , Smith David , Williams Phylip R. , Hawkins Karl , Morris Roger H.K. , Evans Phillip A.
Published: March 2023

Background

Unfavourable clot microstructure is associated with adverse outcomes in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We investigated the effect of comorbidities and anti-platelet treatment on clot microstructure in STEMI patients using fractal dimension (df), a novel biomarker of clot microstructure derived from the visco-elastic properties of whole blood.

Methods

Patients with STEMI (n = 187) were recruited sequentially receiving aspirin with Clopidogrel (n = 157) then Ticagrelor (n = 30). Patient characteristics and blood for rheological analysis obtained. We quantified df using sequential frequency sweep tests to obtain the phase angle of the Gel Point which is synonymous with the clot microstructure.

Results

Higher df was observed in males (1.755 ± 0.068) versus females (1.719 ± 0.061, p = .001), in patients with diabetes (1.786 ± 0.067 vs 1.743 ± 0.046, p < .001), hypertension (1.760 ± 0.065 vs 1.738 ± 0.069, p = .03) and previous MI (1.787 ± 0.073 vs 1.744 ± 0.066, p = .011) compared to without. Patients receiving Ticagrelor had lower df than those receiving Clopidogrel (1.708 ± 0.060 vs 1.755 ± 0.067, p < .001). Significant correlation with df was found with haematocrit (r = 0.331, p < .0001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (r = 0.155, p = .046) and fibrinogen (r = 0.182, p = .014). Following multiple regression analysis, diabetes, LDL, fibrinogen and haematocrit remained associated with higher df while treatment with Ticagrelor remained associated with lower df.

Conclusions

The biomarker df uniquely evaluates the effect of interactions between treatment and underlying disease on clot microstructure. STEMI patients with diabetes and elevated LDL had higher df, indicating denser clot. Ticagrelor resulted in a lower df than Clopidogrel signifying a less compact clot.
A novel adaptive robust control for trajectory tracking of mobile robot with uncertainties
Authors: Xiao Wendong , Wang Guoliang , Tian Jin , Yuan Liang
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this paper is to handle the trajectory tracking control for a class of three-wheel mobile robot by using a novel adaptive robust control. The mobile robot consists of nonholonomic constraints and uncertainties. The uncertainties include initial condition offset, mass, and moment of inertia of the system, which are time-varying and bounded (unknown). The control force in analytical form is obtained by UK theory, and the adaptive robust control is formulated to handle the uncertainties. For estimating the unknown bounds of uncertainties, the leakage-type adaptive law is designed, which can automatically adjust its own value according to the trajectory tracking errors. Then we verify the uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness of the proposed control by Lyapunov method. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to show the trajectory tracking effectiveness of the designed control method.