bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toplu Taşıma Araçları Sefer Sıklığı Belirleme ve Çizelgeleme Problemi
Authors: CİNGÖZ Kısmet , AYTEMİZ Tevfik
Published: April 2023

Günümüzde dünya nüfusunun artması, kentleşme oranının artması ve kıt kaynakların azalması çevresel farkındalığın artmasına neden olmaktadır. İnsanlar her gün evlerine, işlerine, okullarına gitmek ve sosyal aktivitelerde bulunmak için hareket etmektedirler yani şehir içinde yer değiştirmektedirler. Bu da kişisel araç, taksi, otobüs, minibüs kullanımının artmasına sebep olmaktadır. Yetkililer ise bu hareket veya dolaşım esnasında oluşan çevre kirliliğinin, gürültünün, karbon salınımının ve kazaların azalmasını sağlamak amacıyla toplu taşıma hizmetlerinin daha kullanılabilir hale gelmesi için çaba sarf etmektedirler. Toplu taşıma hizmetlerinin kullanımını arttırmak için kullanıcılara yani vatandaşlara daha sık, daha düzenli ve daha güvenilir hizmet verilmesi gerekmektedir. Toplu taşıma hizmetlerinin düzenlenmesi ile ilgili yapılan faaliyetler literatürde toplu taşıma ağ planlama süreci olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Toplu taşıma ağ planlama süreci, sırasıyla ağ planlama, sıklık oluşturma ve zaman çizelgesi geliştirme, araç çizelgeleme ve sürücü çizelgeleme faaliyetlerinden oluşmaktadır ve ağ planlama sürecinin her bir aşaması kendisinden sonra gelen aşamanın girdisi olmaktadır. Ağ tasarım faaliyetleri oldukça maliyetli olduğu ve alt yapı çalışmaları gerektirdiği için sefer sıklıklarını değiştirmek hizmet sağlayıcıları için daha kolaydır. Sefer sıklığı oluşturma ve zaman çizelgesi geliştirme aşaması kullanıcıların konforunu dikkate alan ve hizmet kalitesi ile ilgili olan planlama aşamasıdır. Bu sebeple, toplu taşıma kullanımının arttırılması üzerinde önemle durulması gereken bir konudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, toplu taşıma sefer sıklığı ayarlama ve zaman çizelgesi oluşturma problemlerini çözmeye yönelik metodolojik genel bir bakış ve örnekler sunmaktır.
Perencanaan Material Recovery Facility (MRF) Sampah: Studi Kasus Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa
Authors: Basran Basransyah , Riza Riza Hudayarizka
Published: April 2023

Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa salah satu kelurahan yang ada di Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Jumlah sampah terkelola di Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa hanya 30%, sedangkan persentase sampah tidak terkelola sebanyak 70%. Kurang optimalnya pengelolaan sampah di Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa disebabkan karena terbatasnya fasilitas pengolah sampah serta minimnya kegiatan daur ulang sampah yang hanya terbatas pada pengumpulan sampah platik yang memiliki nilai ekonomi kamudian dijual ke pengepul sampah. Sampah jika tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menjadi masalah serius bagi kelestarian lingkungan sekitar. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan daur ulang sampah adalah dengan adanya fasilitas Tempat Penampungan Sampah Sementara (TPS) berbasis Material Recovery Facility (MRF).  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakuan kajian terhadap jumlah timbulan dan komposisi sampah serta menghitung perencanaan luas lahan MRF. Timbulan sampah di Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa sebesar 14,1 m3/hari dengan densitas sampah 180 kg/m3. Komposisi sampah hasil pengukuran yaitu oraganik 54,21%, kertas 1,28%, karet 2,12%, plastik 14,64%, kaca 0,91%, kain 2,41%, logam 0,37%, nappies 2,71%, Styrofoam 2,96%, kayu 10,12%, sampah B3 0,02% dan sampah jenis lainnya 8,24%. Total kebutuhan lahan MFR pada tahun perencanaan seluas 286,3 m2. Dengan adanya MRF,  jumlah sampah yang dapat didaur ulang pada tahun perencanaan sebanyak 64,96% dari total sampah yang dihasilkan atau setara 1,65 ton/hari dengan residu sampah 0,89 ton/hari.
In Defense of Merit in Science
Authors: Abbot D. , Bikfalvi A. , Bleske-Rechek A.L. , Bodmer W. , Boghossian P. , Carvalho C.M. , Ciccolini J. , Coyne J.A. , Gauss J. , Gill P.M.W. , Jitomirskaya S. , Jussim L. , Krylov A.I. , Loury G.C. , Maroja L. , McWhorter J.H. , Moosavi S. , Schwerdtle P. Nayna , Pearl J. , Quintanilla-Tornel M.A. , III H.F. Schaefer , Schreiner P.R. , Schwerdtfeger P. , Shechtman D. , Shifman M. , Tanzman J. , Trout B.L. , Warshel A. , West J.D.
Published: April 2023

Merit is a central pillar of liberal epistemology, humanism, and democracy. The scientific enterprise, built on merit, has proven effective in generating scientific and technological advances, reducing suffering, narrowing social gaps, and improving the quality of life globally. This perspective documents the ongoing attempts to undermine the core principles of liberal epistemology and to replace merit with non-scientific, politically motivated criteria. We explain the philosophical origins of this conflict, document the intrusion of ideology into our scientific institutions, discuss the perils of abandoning merit, and offer an alternative, human-centered approach to address existing social inequalities.
Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, in individuals with obesity in clinical practice
Authors: Shin Juyoung , Kim Raeun , Kim Hun-Sung
Published: April 2023

Obesity is a disease requiring treatment. The prevalence of obesity is steadily increasing both in Korea and worldwide. Individuals with obesity are at elevated risks of diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and solid cancer; therefore, obesity is now considered to be a disease requiring treatment, rather than merely a cosmetic problem. Nutrition and exercise are the basic forms of obesity management, but it is not easy to lose weight through only one’s own willpower. Accordingly, policies for establishing a cultural environment that encourages desirable behaviors are proposed through multifaceted efforts involving the media and local organizations. However, the pharmacological and surgical treatments selected as medical interventions should be individualized based on an understanding of each individual’s cause of obesity and characteristics. It is important to understand how to enhance and maintain the effectiveness of treatment not only for the prescribing medical staff, but also for the individual with obesity who is being treated.
Research on obesity using the National Health Information Database: recent trends
Authors: Rhee Eun-Jung
Published: April 2023

The prevalence of obesity has increased markedly in Korea during the past few decades. Korea is one of the most well-organized countries in terms of its National Health Insurance System (NHIS), which conducts screening examinations. Since the NHIS is unified and managed by the government, its data—contained in the National Health Insurance Database (NHID)—are centralized. The Korean government has recently encouraged researchers to access the NHID, conduct research, and write papers to convey their findings. Expanded research using the NHID could shed light on the future of big data research. In this review, I would like to present an overview of current trends in obesity research using the NHID.
Scenario Clustering for Long-term Hydropower-Thermal Scheduling using Shape Feature Extraction
Authors: Wang Jinghao , Yousefi Mojtaba , Rajasekharan Jayaprakash , Farahmand Hossein , Arghandeh Reza
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes an inflow scenario reduction framework applied in long-term hydro-thermal scheduling. The strategic management of limited stored hydro energy in interaction with the electricity system is defined in long-term hydro-thermal. The Scenario Fan Problem (SFP) is selected as a long-term hydro-thermal scheduling approach. This approach is suitable to represent the disaggregated physical representation of the hydro stations  and captures the short-term flexibility of individual hydropower plants in the long-term scheduling. We develop a shape-based feature extraction machine learning method to capture the hydro inflow features. To highlight the performance, we compare the shape-based  method with five alternative clustering methods via the validation process on a hydro-thermal test case, using in-sample and out-of-sample data analysis. Our results show that the proposed framework can significantly reduce the computational time of long-term hydro-thermal scheduling by around 90\%. Results reveal that the shape-based feature extraction performs better regarding the computational time and the expected reservoir volumes. Moreover, this study demonstrates the possibility of performing long-term hydro-thermal scheduling at a disaggregated level with detailed topology information and a small time scale. This provides more opportunities to deal with the penetration of renewable energy resources in long-term hydro-thermal scheduling.
Monitoring Brushing behaviors using Toothbrush Embedded Motion-Sensors
Authors: Essalat Mahmoud , Madrid Padilla Oscar Hernan , Shetty Vivek , Pottie Gregory
Published: April 2023

Dental disease is largely preventable and closely linked to poor toothbrushing behaviors. Motion-sensors, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, allow for mon- itoring of toothbrushing behaviors. Researchers have attempted to infer tooth surface coverage using sensors attached to the toothbrush handle or embedded in smartwatches. However, the inferences may be deficient because the datasets were collected under structured toothbrushing assumptions performed in con- trolled laboratory settings and not the free-form and irregular brushing patterns observed in real-world settings. To address the aforementioned problem, we collected a dataset of 187 brush- ing sessions, including free-form brushing. We present, to our knowledge, the first motion-sensor dataset obtained during free- form brushing. Using our experiences, we discuss the challenges of studying toothbrushing behaviors in naturalistic settings. We also propose a three-stage method (i.e. pre-processing, brush transition time detection, and time-series classification) to detect the teeth surfaces brushed during a session. Our findings are two-fold: (a) the classification of teeth surfaces during free- form toothbrushing is more challenging than during brushing in controlled settings; (b) high classification accuracy can be achieved using random train-test split of the data (i.e. k-fold cross-validation); however, generalization beyond the participants in the training set poses difficulties. Beyond publishing the first dataset of free-form toothbrushing, we validate our findings by applying our proposed method to our provided dataset, as well as the datasets of toothbrushing in controlled settings. 
RespBERT: A multi-site validation of a Natural Language Processing algorithm, of Radiology Notes to Identify Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Authors: Pathak Ashwin
Published: April 2023

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe organ dysfunction that is associated with significant mortality and morbidity among critically ill patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The etiology associated with ARDS can be highly heterogeneous, with most cases being associated with infection or trauma. ARDS is often described as a clinical syndrome associated with poor oxygenation even in the presence of mechanical ventilation. The Berlin criteria of ARDS is the current gold standard for identifying whether patients had developed ARDS, however it often requires manual adjudication of the chest radiograph, resulting in limited tools to automate the process. Since the determination of ARDS is dependent on the presence of bilateral infiltrates on radiographic images, and this information is not typically available in Electronic Medical Record (EMR). Automated determination of the presence of radiological evidence would enable robust study of the syndrome by eliminating expensive individual inspection by physicians of the images. The text of radiological reports provides an opportunity for Natural Language Processing (NLP) to determine the status of the lungs for evaluating the imaging criterion. We developed a Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipeline to analyze radiology notes of 362 patients satisfying sepsis-3 criteria from the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) to determine possible ARDS diagnosis. The radiology notes were de-noised and preprocessed. They were further vectorized through the word-embedding pipeline BERT and fitted to a classification layer using transfer learning. These classification models showed F1-score of 74.5% and 64.22% for Emory and Grady dataset respectively.
Development of Polymer-Ceramic Composite Materials for the Winding Insulation of Highly Utilized and Energy-Efficient Electrical Machines
Authors: Miersch Sören , Schubert Ralph , schuhmann thomas , Lindner Mathias
Published: April 2023

The electromagnetic utilization of an electrical machine can be increased by raising the current density, with a limitation resulting from the maximum permissible temperature of the winding insulation. Conventional insulating materials only have a low specific thermal conductivity, which results in large temperature gradients in the winding cross-section and consequently hotspots. The article presents the development and characterization of ceramic-like composite materials based on filled polysiloxanes for the dip coating of lamination stacks and the impregnation of the winding of electrical machines. The specific equivalent thermal conductivity is determined on composite winding samples, the thermal cycle stability is examined and the microstructure is analyzed with the scanning electron microscope. The manufacturability and the partial discharge behavior are examined based on test samples. The results of tests on an electric traction machine are used to show the potential for increasing the power density.
Experiments on the Generation of Higher-order Hermite-Gauss Pulses from an FM Mode-Locked Laser
Authors: Nakazawa Masataka , Yoshida Masato , Hirooka Toshihiko
Published: April 2023

We experimentally generated higher-order Hermite-Gauss (HG) pulses from an FM mode-locked laser that had a specific optical filter FHGm(ω) characterized by a Bessel function Jn(MPM) and AHGm(ω) and AHGm(ω+nΩm) with n = -∞  ~ +∞. Here, MPM is the phase-modulation index and AHGm(w) was the Fourier transformed spectrum of the mth HG pulse aHGm(t) in the time domain and Ωm was the fixed angular phase-modulation frequency. The laser we constructed was a 10 GHz polarization-maintained FM mode-locked erbium fiber laser emitting at a wavelength of 1.56 μm, which included a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) optical device to implement the specific filter function needed to generate HG pulses. We successfully generated m = 0 ~ 7th HG pulses with pulse widths of 10~50 ps. For the generation of m = 1, 3, 5, … odd-numbered HG waveforms, the corresponding FHGm(ω) has no center frequency mode. Since these waveforms are odd functions in the time domain, their spectral profiles are given entirely by imaginary components with the same shape as those in the time domain. For the generation of m = 0, 2, 4, …even-numbered HG waveforms, the corresponding FHGm(ω) has a center frequency component. Since these waveforms are even functions in the time domain, their spectral profiles are given entirely by real-value components with the same shape as those in the time domain. Finally, we generated m = 1 ~ 3 dark and bright higher-order HG pulses by introducing a CW amplitude offset. To generate these pulses, a new bandwidth-limiting filter was installed since these pulses have a rectangular pulse component, which creates many high-frequency sidebands. 
Systematic review of deep learning models in ultrasound tongue imaging for the detection of speech disorders
Authors: Al Ani Saja
Published: April 2023

 The purpose of this study is to review the latest developments and challenges in the application of deep learning algorithms for diagnosing Speech Sound Disorders 
Strategizing AI-powered middleware system design for Human Resources Data Management
Authors: Datta Ishita
Published: April 2023

The growing adoption of iPaaS (Integration Platform as a Service) solutions in organisations has led to an increased need for efficient and tailored middleware systems to manage the various data types, including various use cases of artificial intelligence and automation. While many iPaaS solutions offer similar core utilities, the differences in configuration options, the availability of connectors, range of features and the ease-of-use can greatly impact their efficacy while handling specific types of data. Most iPaaS solutions try to fit the one-size-fits-all model so that all kinds of data can be manipulated through a single iPaaS medium. Differences in data types poses a limitation to such a model. This paper aims to explore the challenges faced during best practices of the current middleware systems focussing on HR (Human Resources) data, as well as potential AI applications in the design of the iPaaS. The study also highlights the importance of considering factors such as data security, data governance, and user friendliness when selecting an iPaaS solution for HR data management and possible AI-driven strategies.
Imperatives for the development of the tourist sphere in Ukraine under the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: MOISIEIEVA Nataliia , HOLOVANOVA Hanna , KRUPITSA Iryna , BAIRACHNA Oksana
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Providing one tenth of the world's gross national product, tourism, despite the obstacles, is fully recognized as one of the most profitable and dynamic sectors of the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has gained enormous proportions and affected the tourism industry in a way that no crisis has affected before, causing significant problems for the development of the world and national economies in particular.
The purpose of the study is to analyze trends in tourism in Ukraine and the world in the COVID-19 pandemic, identify promising areas of development and systematize measures implemented by Ukraine and other countries to stimulate and support the tourism industry.
Results. The percentage change in international tourist arrivals by region in 2020 has been studied. It has been established that the global tourism industry has suffered losses from the pandemic of about $ 22 billion, or more than 20 billion euros. At the same time, the losses of the tourism industry in Ukraine are estimated as more than 1.5 billion US dollars in 2020. The World Tourism Organization has developed its own recommendations for mitigating the socio-economic impact of the pandemic on tourism in different countries. The state of tourism development in Ukraine in the period 2019-2021 and the beginning of 2022 is studied. Measures of Ukraine in the legal aspect aimed at minimizing the negative impact of quarantine restrictions on all spheres of socio-economic activity are substantiated. The stages of tourism development in Ukraine in the context of overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic are identified.
Conclusions. It has been established that one of the industries that has suffered the most and suffered significant financial and economic consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic is the tourism industry. Today, the tourism industry is undergoing major transformations, requiring a qualitative and thorough analysis of the factors influencing demand in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. Countries are beginning to refocus on stimulating the development of domestic tourism, promoting the accelerated introduction of online forms and digital tools in the provision of tourist services.
Keywords: tourism, tourism sphere, tourism product (service), tourism market, foreign and domestic tourism, COVID-19 pandemic, tourism crisis, quarantine restrictions.
Normalized Null hypersurfaces of Indefinite Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Sıngh Amrınder Pal , Atındogbe Cyriaque , Kumar Rakesh , Jain Varun
Published: April 2023

We study null hypersurfaces of indefinite Kähler manifolds and by taking the advantages of the almost complex structure $J$, we select a suitable rigging $\zeta$, which we call the $J-$rigging, on the null hypersurface. This suitable rigging enables us to build an associated Hermitian metric $\breve{g}$ on the ambient space and which is restricted into a non-degenerated metric $\widetilde{g}$ on the normalized null hypersurface. We derive Gauss-Weingarten type formulae for null hypersurface $M$ of an indefinite Kähler manifold $\overline{M}$ with a fixed closed Killing $J-$rigging for $M$. Later, we establish some relations linking the curvatures, null sectional curvatures, Ricci curvatures, scalar curvatures etc. of the ambient manifold and normalized null hypersurface.
A Semantic Review of Qur’ānic Near-Synonyms, English and French Translations
Authors: Zitouni Mimouna , ZEMNI Bahia , Abdul-Ghafour Abdul-Qader Khaleel
Published: April 2023

This study examines the nuances among the chosen near-synonyms and the extent to which the translators considered such nuances in the selected translations of the Qur’an. It seeks to identify the meanings of two sets of near-synonyms in their Qur’anic contexts based on the Qur’ānic exegeses. It also highlights the differences in meaning that exist among these near-synonyms and the extent to which the semantic differences among those near-synonyms are preserved in translation. This study is grounded on the RC-S approach by Murphy as a theoretical framework for data analysis. The obtained results show that there are some differences in meaning among the chosen near-synonyms and that some of such nuances are not preserved in the English and French translations. Thus, the study recommends that the differences in meaning among the near-synonyms should be identified before translating the Qur’ānic texts, and subsequently, the identified differences should be reflected in the translation.
Ragam Pendekatan dan Metode Penafsiran Al-Qur’an
Authors: Rifa’i Ilyas , Marlina Lina , Fauzi Safran
Published: April 2023

Artikel ini membahas secara mendasar mengenai pendekatan dan metode yang dilakukan oleh mufassir dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an, kelebihan dan kekurangan metode yang dipakai oleh para mufassir serta sejarah dan perkembangannya. Seiring berjalan dan berkembangnya waktu dari masa Rasulullah ﷺ hingga masa sekarang, tercatat banyak pendekatan dan metode yang dipakai oleh para mufasir diantaranya pendekatan linguistik, pendekatan berbasis logika, pendekatan berbasis tasawuf, dan pendekatan riwayat, pendekatan isyarat, sehingga dalam pembahasan metode penafsiran al-Qur’an, kita mengenal ada beberapa metode tafsir yang digunakan oleh para ulama yang menghiasi berbagai macam kitab tafsir yang terkenal dalam dunia Islam. Diantaranya metode tafsir tahlily, metode ijmaly, metode muqaran, metode kontekstual, metode tafsir bir riwayah dan metode tafsir bir ro’yi.

This article discusses fundamentally the approaches and methods used by mufassir in interpreting the Qur'an, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used by mufassir and its history and development. As time goes on and the development of time from the time of the Prophet ﷺ to the present, there are many approaches and methods used by mufasir including linguistic approaches, logic-based approaches, Sufism-based approaches, and historical approaches, sign approaches, so that in discussing methods of interpretation of the Qur'an 'an, we know that there are several methods of interpretation used by scholars who adorn various kinds of famous commentary books in the Islamic world. Among them are the tahlily interpretation method, the ijmaly method, the muqaran method, the contextual method, the bir riwayah interpretation method and the bir ro'yi interpretation method.
El Estado moderno, globalización y sus efectos en las relaciones internacionales
Authors: Giron Lemus Herbert Rocael
Published: April 2023

De los fenómenos actuales, probablemente la globalización es el que ha implicado mayores retos para el estado moderno. La idea de una comunidad internacional ha impactado directamente en la concepción clásica de la soberanía estatal, así como en la dinámica de las relaciones internacionales. No obstante, tanto el surgimiento del estado moderno como el de la comunidad internacional, tienen un denominador en común: la necesidad de alcanzar la protección sin menoscabo de la libertad individual. Por ello, debe reconsiderarse el papel del estado en la actual era de la globalización y su influencia en la libertad individual.
Efficacy of memantine compared with sodium valproate as prophylactic treatment for migraine: a controlled randomized pilot study
Authors: Vazquez-Guevara Damaris , Orozco-Narvaez Alejandro , Hernandez-Rodriguez Hector G. , Rivas-Ruvalcaba Francisco , Shiguetomi-Medina Juan Manuel , Rodriguez-Leyva Ildefonso
Published: April 2023

Aim: To compare the efficacy of memantine with that of valproate as a prophylactic treatment for episodic migraine within three months. The efficacy, safety, and response rate were evaluated.
Methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial randomized participants were divided into two groups. The memantine group received memantine 10 mg twice daily, and the valproate group received valproate 500 mg twice daily.
Results: Thirty-three patients participated in the study; 27 completed the treatment protocol, 14 in the memantine group, and 13 in the valproate group. The mean number of migraine attacks per month in the memantine group was 5.31 [standard deviation (SD) ± 1.54] initially and 0.93 (SD ± 1.49) at the end of treatment, noting a decrease of 4.21 (SD ± 1.76; P < 0.001). In the valproate group, the mean number of migraine attacks per month was 5.35 (SD ± 1.11) initially and 0.77 (SD ± 1.16) at the end of treatment, with a difference of 4.5 (SD ± 1.39; P < 0.001). All 27 patients had excellent response rates. Adverse effects were infrequent and mild in severity.
Conclusions: A clinical trial compared the efficacy of memantine with that of valproate (first-line drug) as a prophylactic treatment. A significant reduction in attacks was noted in both drugs. Memantine could be a new preventive treatment option for migraine.
Transforming growth factor-β signaling: from tumor microenvironment to anticancer therapy
Authors: Chan Max Kam-Kwan , Chan Emily Lok-Yiu , Ji Zoey Zeyuan , Chan Alex Siu-Wing , Li Chunjie , Leung Kam-Tong , To Ka-Fai , Tang Patrick Ming-Kuen
Published: April 2023

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is an important pathway for promoting the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including cancer. The roles of TGF-β signaling are heterogeneous and versatile in cancer development and progression, both anticancer and protumoral actions are reported. Interestingly, increasing evidence suggests that TGF-β enhances disease progression and drug resistance via immune-modulatory actions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. A better understanding of its regulatory mechanisms in the TME at the molecular level can facilitate the development of precision medicine to block the protumoral actions of TGF-β in the TME. Here, the latest information about the regulatory mechanisms and translational research of TGF-β signaling in the TME for therapeutic development had been summarized.
Role of artificial intelligence in oncologic emergencies: a narrative review
Authors: Fanni Salvatore Claudio , Greco Giuseppe , Rossi Sara , Aghakhanyan Gayane , Masala Salvatore , Scaglione Mariano , Tonerini Michele , Neri Emanuele
Published: April 2023

Oncologic emergencies are a wide spectrum of oncologic conditions caused directly by malignancies or their treatment. Oncologic emergencies may be classified according to the underlying physiopathology in metabolic, hematologic, and structural conditions. In the latter, radiologists have a pivotal role, through an accurate diagnosis useful to provide optimal patient care. Structural conditions may involve the central nervous system, thorax, or abdomen, and emergency radiologists have to know the characteristics imaging findings of each one of them. The number of oncologic emergencies is growing due to the increased incidence of malignancies in the general population and also to the improved survival of these patients thanks to the advances in cancer treatment. Artificial intelligence (AI) could be a solution to assist emergency radiologists with this rapidly increasing workload. To our knowledge, AI applications in the setting of the oncologic emergency are mostly underexplored, probably due to the relatively low number of oncologic emergencies and the difficulty in training algorithms. However, cancer emergencies are defined by the cause and not by a specific pattern of radiological symptoms and signs. Therefore, it can be expected that AI algorithms developed for the detection of these emergencies in the non-oncological field can be transferred to the clinical setting of oncologic emergency. In this review, a craniocaudal approach was followed and central nervous system, thoracic, and abdominal oncologic emergencies have been addressed regarding the AI applications reported in literature. Among the central nervous system emergencies, AI applications have been reported for brain herniation and spinal cord compression. In the thoracic district the addressed emergencies were pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade and pneumothorax. Pneumothorax was the most frequently described application for AI, to improve sensibility and to reduce the time-to-diagnosis. Finally, regarding abdominal emergencies, AI applications for abdominal hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, and intestinal intussusception have been described.
Designing a Histological Analyzer for Diagnosing Pathomorphological Changes in Tissues as an Example of Chlamydial Infection
Authors: Kostarev Sergey , Fayzrakhmanov Rustam , Tatarnikova Nataliya , Novikova Oksana , Sereda Tatyana
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the development of a device to study tissue destruction caused by damage to the histo-hematic barriers of the body, under the influence of chlamydial infection. Cell pathology refers to changes in its components and ultrastructures with causal relationships. Chlamydiacea is a spectrum of diseases that, because of their polymorphism, cannot be united by a specific symptom complex, and sometimes affect all systems and organs. Due to the lack of organotropy and host specificity of the different representatives of chlamydiae, the clinic of chlamydiae is extremely diverse. The pathological process in chlamydial infections may localize in many organs, thus causing pathomorphologic changes in various body structures. The complex of adequate and modern methods of investigation makes it possible to evaluate the changes occurring in the macroorganism at the cellular and ultrastructural level. Emerging dystrophic, dyscirculatory, inflammatory processes in general, while not specific for chlamydia, are complemented by signs pathognomonic for this infection (presence of chlamydial antigens in cells in immunohistochemical method of study, detection of chlamydial structures in cells in electron microscopy). Currently, automation and robotization of research are penetrating all areas of medicine and veterinary medicine, including histological analysis. Currently, in the preparation of histological preparation, the technological process is automated in a fragmented way. The development of a histology robot will help to solve the problem of the shortage of highly qualified histology lab technicians and pathologists and reduce the burden on medical personnel in general. Processes of automation and modeling of technological flows and resources in the preparation of histological images and acceptance of the diagnosis in medicine and veterinary medicine is an urgent tasks. In order to identify pathological processes at the cellular level, as well as to reduce the error in the performance of histological manipulations, approaches to the design of a histological robot were developed. The model of the express analyzer structurally consists of two modules: a histological image preparation module and a pathology recognition module. Laboratory experiments were carried out to identify indicators of pathologies. Software for programmed OMRON controllers has been developed. Analysis of the simulation of the circuit operation showed positive results. The probability of pathology recognition was 0.8-0.9.
ORQUIDEAS DE PANDO
Authors: Colomo Guido Hernán Vásquez , Romero Flora Magdaline Benites Romero
Published: April 2023

La familia Orchidaceae es una de las más grandes y diversas dentro de las fanerogamas, es de distribución cosmopolita y habita en todas las regiones fitogeograficas y climáticas; sin embargo; se calcula que nuestro país alberga 3000 especies de orquídeas; es una de las familias con mayor número de especies en peligro de extinción y una de las más vigiladas dentro del CITES. La familia Orchidaceae con 1. 500 especies registradas hasta el año 2003, es el grupo de plantas más diverso del país y representa el 10% la flora boliviana. El presente trabajo busca Identificar especies de orquídeas en el departamento de Pando; Identificar el tipo de hábitat en el que se desarrolla; Evidenciar el problema que atraviesa la botánica en Pando Bolivia. El trabajo de estudio se enmarca en el conocimiento botánico, mismo que acompaño a varios trabajos de investigación en la Amazonia Boliviana (Pando). El trabajo se realizó durante las caminatas de ida y de retorno hacia las áreas designadas para la instalación de PPMs. Esto nos permitió alcanzar una colección fotográfica, de algunos ejemplares de orquídeas, las colectas fotográficas botánicas se realizaron durante la época lluviosa, antes o al finalizar las mismas; las que se sometió a revisiones con bibliográficas especializada. Identificando: Catacetum barbatum (lindl.) lindl; Catasetum gnomus Linden & Rchb. f.; Catasetum osculatum K. Lacerda & V.P. Castro; Catasetum saccatum Lindl; Encyclia angustiloba Schltr.; Epidendrum cristatum Ruiz & Pav.; Epidendrum cf anceps. Jacq.; Galeandra baueri Lindl.; Maxillaria nigrescens Lindl.; Oncidium cebolleta (Jacq.)M.W.Chase &N.H.William; Ornithocephalus myrticola Lindl.; Psygmorchis pumilio ((Rchb.f.) Dodson & Dressler); Rodriguezia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.; Scapigliotis cf prolifera (R.Br) Cogn.; Scaphyglottis stellata Lodd. Ex. Lindl. El presente trabajo se ha podido establecer la presencia de orquídeas en: bosques de tierra firme, bosques de barzea (galería), bosques de anegados (palmares) siendo el Bosque de Tierra firme con mayor número de registros de orquídeas.
LA BIOTECNOLOGÍA PARA LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA, ECONÓMICA Y LA GEOPOLÍTICA
Authors: Muchairo SebastiÁn Divico
Published: April 2023

El Programa Mundial de Alimentos estima que alrededor de 135 millones de personas padecen hambre severa en el mundo, debido a la pobreza, a los conflictos sociales y bélicos, al cambio climático, las recesiones económicas y las sanciones impuestas de algunos Estados hacia otros, si las tenciones actuales continúan entre la Unión Europea, la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte, Rusia y Ucrania el número de personas afectadas por el hambre superará los 840 millones de personas para el 2030; el mundo no está preparado para alcanzar el objetivo de hambre cero. Bolivia tiene la obligación de garantizar la seguridad alimentaria, a través de una alimentación sana, adecuada y suficiente para toda la población a través de la legislación nacional e internacional para el vivir bien.Los cultivos con el uso de semillas transgénicas en la agricultura, tienen ventajas y desventajas frente a los cultivos tradicionales. Los “alimentos transgénicos”, son aquellos provenientes de la manipulación genética, principalmente los que tienen su origen en la transferencia de genes entre especies no relacionadas o emparentadas, se toma el gen de una característica determinada y se inserta a una secuencia genética dentro de una célula receptor. Estos alimentos deben ser tomados en cuenta para su mayor provecho a la humanidad. Las investigaciones independientes y de las Naciones Unidas demuestran que los alimentos transgénicos son inocuos para la salud del ser humano, que no todo lo natural es sinónimo de inofensivo y no todo lo artificial es sinónimo de dañino.
ANTROPOMETRIA, PONTOS ÓSSEOS E VARIAÇÕES ANATÔMICAS
Authors: Frgaoso Neto R.A. , Shinorara A.M.
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Abordar e discutir a literatura anatômica básica e específica sobre estudos antropométricos associados à osteologia do corpo humano e suas variações anatômicas. Métodos: Considerações elencadas na literatura anatômica e antropométrica básica foram descritas, complementadas com breve consulta na Plataforma Google e nos repositórios da PubMed e Scielo a partir dos termos em português e inglês, a saber: “variação anatômica óssea (bone anatomical variation)”, “antropometria (anthropometry)” e o nome específico do osso de interesse antropométrico. Resultados: Os principais pontos anatômicos cotejados na literatura voltada às medidas antropométricas se localizam no esterno, escápula, clavícula, articulação esternoclavicular, úmero, ulna, rádio, ílio, fêmur, patela, tíbia, fíbula e calcâneo, ossos que podem variar morfologicamente de modo expressivo. Conclusão: Tanto na literatura básica morfológica e específica, as medidas antropométricas ósseas, em geral facilmente palpáveis, podem ser profundamente influenciadas pelo biotipo do indivíduo, sexo, etnia, faixa etária e as características individuais que incluem estado nutricional e genética.
CAVUM SEPTI PELLUCIDI E CAVUM VERGAE: ESTUDO ANATÔMICO E MORFOMÉTRICO
Authors: Luz Marcus Alexandre Mendes , Garcia Marcelo Vendramini , Antonio Gabriel Roberto
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: O presente trabalho busca descrever a anatomia e a morfometria do cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) e cavum vergae (CV) observados simultaneamente em encéfalo humano adulto. Métodos: Foi realizada a dissecação de um encéfalo de indivíduo do sexo masculino, adulto, segundo o método da Secção Horizontal de Flechsig em dois planos, a partir dos quais obteve-se a morfometria das cavidades septais (CEP. n°: 2.219.006). Resultados: As secções revelaram o CSP em continuidade posteriormente para a formação do CV delimitado pelo esplênio do corpo caloso, sendo que seu comprimento total no plano de secção inferior foi equivalente a 37,9 mm, atingindo 41,7 mm no limite superior. Constatou-se a presença de um pequeno óstio de 4 mm, de paredes colabadas, localizado no assoalho do CSP, contudo, não foi observada comunicação entre o CSP e o III ventrículo. Conclusão: A presença simultânea das cavitações septais estudadas é observada em menos de 1% dos encéfalos e seu diagnóstico pode ser correlacionado à importantes distúrbios neurológicos, fornecendo subsídios para uma melhor compreensão de potenciais alterações neurocomportamentais.
VARIAÇÃO ANATÔMICA EM ARCOS COSTAIS: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Bochnia Milena Belli , Camargo Ana Clara Sanitá de , Ruchs Eduarda Salette , Alves Maria Luiza , Cortez Mariana dos Santos , Gasparim Valentina Miotto , Isaac Andréia , Pereira Kleber Fernando
Published: April 2023

As costelas se desenvolvem pela ossificação endocondral, a partir do processo costal das vértebras torácicas. Nesse momento, as variações congênitas aparecem com relativa frequência, geralmente unilaterais, podendo desenvolver-se randomicamente e envolver qualquer arco costal. No presente trabalho, objetivou-se relatar a variação anatômica encontrada na primeira costela de uma das 18 ossadas provenientes do cemitério de Cascavel-PR, atendendo a Lei nº 8501, de 30 de novembro de 1992, e analisadas no laboratório de anatomia da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) - campus Toledo. Para tanto, foi utilizada a osteotécnica como metodologia de preparo das peças. Dentre as ossadas examinadas, encontrou-se uma fusão entre a primeira e a segunda costela, com a presença de duas cabeças na extremidade posterior. Essa alteração pode ocorrer de forma completa ou parcial, nas porções anteriores ou posteriores do osso, e possivelmente é consequência de um defeito na segmentação. Além disso, existem outras anormalidades anatômicas que podem estar associadas às costelas, como calcificações fisiológicas costocondrais e pseudoartrose do primeiro arco costal; arco costal cervical; arco costal curto e hipoplásico; arco costal bífido; e disostose espondilocostal. Nesse ínterim, a detecção dessas alterações, ainda que incidentais, além de possibilitar a análise a partir de pontos de vista radiológicos e genéticos, é vantajosa para uma investigação clínica adequada, um diagnóstico completo e uma correta abordagem do quadro.
VENTRE ADICIONAL NO MÚSCULO QUADRÍCEPS FEMORAL: IMPLICAÇÕES BIOMECÂNICAS E CLÍNICAS.
Authors: Sousa Hugo , Godoy José Roberto Pimenta , Silva Rogério Wagner da , Santos Rafael Alvarenga dos , Carvalho Phellip de , Caixeta Jéssica Mayane Barbosa , França Maicon Guedes , Nunes Abimael Melo , Araújo Flávia Geordana Damaceno , Souza João Gabriel Oliveira de , Ribeiro Asaph Lucas Cunha
Published: April 2023

O músculo quadríceps femoral é um dos componentes do compartimento anterolateral da coxa, cobrindo quase toda a face anterior e a lateral do fêmur. É formado pelos músculos vasto lateral (MVL), vasto medial, vasto intermédio e reto femoral. Há relatos de variações na morfologia macroscópica e microscópica do quadríceps femoral na literatura. Os tópicos relacionados às variações, podem ser sumarizados como: acréscimo de uma cabeça, deixando de ser quadríceps e passando a ser designado como quinticeps femoris; fusão entre vasto lateral e vasto intermediário; tipo de fibra muscular ao longo do ventre e tamanho da fibra muscular. Por tudo isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever os aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos do achado de um ventre muscular adicional no vasto lateral. Durante dissecação de rotina, do membro inferior esquerdo de um cadáver do sexo masculino, adulto, com idade indeterminada, foi reconhecida uma variação no MVL, localizada no terço distal do músculo em questão. constatou-se que subjacente ao trato iliotibial, havia um ventre muscular bem delimitado, com epimísio próprio, distinto ao MVL, cujas origens encontravam-se na linha áspera do fêmur e no septo intermuscular, e cujas inserções no retináculo lateral do joelho e na borda lateral da patela. Assim, ao analisar estas características, convencionou-se designar esta variação encontrada de músculo vasto lateral oblíquo (MVLO). Diante do exposto, ressalta-se que presente variação, MVLO, independente da frequência, deve ser de conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde que trabalham ou pretendem trabalhar com diagnósticos e/ou intervenções cirúrgicas relacionadas ao complexo articular do joelho.
FINTECH AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF DIGITAL MARKETING
Authors: Al-Slehat Zaher Abdel Fattah
Published: April 2023

This study aims to test the role of digital marketing as a mediating variable in the relationship between financial technology and financial inclusion. The researcher applied the descriptive analytical approach to the data collected by developing a questionnaire distributed to 375 employees in the Jordanian banking sector. The researcher also used structural equation modeling to test the study hypotheses through SmartPLS software 3. One of the study’s most important findings is that digital marketing partially mediates the relationship between financial technology and financial inclusion. The study recommends that the Jordanian commercial banking sector should use advanced strategies that enhance technological innovation and digital marketing through the existence of an evolved environment for financial technology that is optimally exploited.
Les Gilets jaunes : une révolte sans fin ?
Authors: Bernard de Raymond Antoine , Bonin Loïc , Bordiec Sylvain , Chiron Pierre , Clément Karine , Elalaoui Charif , Grémion Théo , Liochon Pauline , Ravelli Quentin , Reungoat Emmanuelle
Published: April 2023

Partie de la contestation d’une taxe sur l’essence, la révolte des Gilets jaunes a fait preuve d’une rare longévité. Comment expliquer cet apparent paradoxe d’une révolte qui dure ? À partir d’une ethnographie comparée de 17 ronds-points répartis dans 7 départements, cet article décrit comment les formes d’occupation des ronds-points ont permis de se renouveler en changeant de nature, pour surmonter les épreuves de force locales, malgré une répression soutenue.
Réflexions sur l’étude de la critique d’art, à propos d’un livre récent.
Authors: Vaisse Pierre
Published: April 2023

Après avoir enseigné à l’Université Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV), Pierre Vaisse est élu professeur d’histoire de l’art contemporain à l’Université de Lyon 2 en 1981, à celle de Paris X-Nanterre en 1984, à celle de Genève en 1992. Pierre Vaisse a présidé l’Association des professeurs d’archéologie et d’histoire de l’art de l’Université de 1986-1989. Il a été membre du Comité artistique de la Casa de Velázquez et de la Commission supérieure des Monuments historiques (Paris). Ancien membre du comité de rédaction des revues Romantisme, L’Information historique et de La Revue de l’art , il a fondé en 1988 la revue Histoire de l’art . Il a également assuré la critique d’architecture au quotidien Le Figaro de 1981 à 1989. Ses recherches et ses publications portent en particulier sur la peinture allemande de la Renaissance, la peinture française du xix e siècle et les institutions artistiques, les rapports artistiques franco-allemands au xix e siècle, la tapisserie aux xix e et xx e siècles, l’architecture du xx e siècle (Le Corbusier, Tony Garnier), les rapports de l’art et de la politique et l’historiographie de l’art.
La pleine conscience pour la gestion des dilemmes éthiques : le cas du monde médical
Authors: Trousselard Marion
Published: April 2023

En éthique appliquée, on délibère à propos d’un dilemme éthique. Il y a dilemme quand, dans une situation donnée, il faut choisir entre deux actions différentes qui s’excluent mutuellement. Il s’agit d’un dilemme éthique quand, quelle que soit la décision finale, l’action choisie entraîne des conséquences sérieuses, positives ou négatives, pour le décideur et pour autrui. L’exemple des métiers du soin souligne le besoin d’aide à la gestion des situations de dilemme éthique. Deux pistes sont proposées. La première repose sur les modalités d’amélioration de la conscience de la situation, la seconde sur l’amélioration des heuristiques de prise de décision par des aides cognitives à la prise de décision.
Deep brain stimulation, lesioning, focused ultrasound: update on utility
Authors: Reddy Akshay , Hosseini Mohammad Reza , Patel Aashay , Sharaf Ramy , Reddy Vishruth , Tabarestani Arman , Lucke-Wold Brandon
Published: April 2023

Procedures for neurological disorders such as Parkinsons Disease (PD), Essential Tremor (ET), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Tourette's Syndrome (TS), and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) tend to overlap. Common therapeutic procedures include deep brain stimulation (DBS), lesioning, and focused ultrasound (FUS). There has been significant change and innovation regarding targeting mechanisms and new advancements in this field allowing for better clinical outcomes in patients with severe cases of these conditions. In this review, we discuss advancements and recent discoveries regarding these three procedures and how they have led to changes in utilization in certain conditions. We further discuss the advantages and drawbacks of these treatments in certain conditions and the emerging advancements in brain-computer interface (BCI) and its utility as a therapeutic for neurological disorders.