bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenging Misconceptions about Race in Undergraduate Genetics
Authors: Ball Erin M. , Costello Robin A. , Ballen Cissy J. , Graze Rita M. , Burkholder Eric W.
Published: July 2024

We developed and evaluated a laboratory activity to combat a common misconception that race is biological in origin. Using concept inventories and surveys, we show that our laboratory activity was successful in reducing biological essentialism. This activity did not have any effect on color-evasive ideologies or non-white students.
Εμφυτεύσιμες συσκευές Port-A-Cath για χορήγηση χημειοθεραπείας σε ογκολογικούς ασθενείς
Authors: Χρυσανθοπούλου Παναγιώτα
Published: July 2024

Εισαγωγή: Οι εμφυτεύσιμοι κεντρικοί φλεβικοί καθετήρες (PORTs) και οικεντρικοί καθετήρες που εισάγονται περιφερικά (PICCs) χρησιμοποιούνται ευρέως για τη χορήγηση χημειοθεραπείας. Στόχος μας ήταν να μελετήσουμε τη συχνότητα εμφάνισης της εν τω βάθει φλεβικής θρόμβωσης που σχετίζεται με καθετηριασμό σε ασθενείς με καρκίνο που λαμβάνουν χημειοθεραπεία είτε μέσω PICC είτε μέσω PORT. Μέθοδοι: Ενήλικες με μη αιματολογικό καρκίνο (κυρίως μαστού και παχέος εντέρου) από δύο σουηδικά ογκολογικά κέντρα συμπεριλήφθηκαν και παρακολουθήθηκαν για έως και 1 έτος. Οι ασθενείς χωρίστηκαν τυχαία για να λάβουν PICC ή PORT ενός αυλού. Το πρωτεύον τελικό σημείο ήταν η εμφάνιση μιας κλινικά σημαντικής εν τω βάθει φλεβικής θρόμβωσης σχετιζόμενης με τον καθετήρα και το δευτερεύον τελικό σημείο ήταν μια σύνθεση ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών που σχετίζονται με τον καθετήρα: επιπλοκή εισαγωγής, θρόμβωση, απόφραξη, μόλυνση και μηχανικά προβλήματα. Αποτελέσματα: Η δοκιμή αναζήτησε 399 συμμετέχοντες (PICC, n¼201; PORT, n¼198) μεταξύ Μαρτίου 2013 και Φεβρουαρίου 2017. Τα PICCs συσχετίστηκαν με 16 (8%) εν τω βάθει φλεβικές θρομβώσεις σε σύγκριση με δύο (1%) στην ομάδα PORT (HR¼10. 2; διάστημα εμπιστοσύνης 95%, 2.3e44.6; P¼0.002). Η συνολική συχνότητα εμφάνισης σύνθετων ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών ήταν υψηλότερη για τους ασθενείς με PICC σε σύγκριση με αυτούς με PORT (HR¼2.7;διάστημα εμπιστοσύνης 95%, 1.6e4.6; P<0.001). Συμπεράσματα: Τα PICC σχετίζονται με υψηλότερο κίνδυνο για εν τω βάθει φλεβική θρόμβωση σχετιζόμενη με τον καθετήρα και άλλες ανεπιθύμητες ενέργειες σε σύγκριση με τα PORTs. Αυτός ο αυξημένος κίνδυνος θα πρέπει να λαμβάνεται υπόψη κατά την επιλογή μιας συσκευής αγγειακής πρόσβασης για χημειοθεραπεία, ειδικά σε ασθενείς με συμπαγή κακοήθεια. Εγγραφή κλινικής δοκιμής: NCT01971021.
Αριθμητική μελέτη της επίδρασης τοιχωμάτων αεροσήραγγας στην στρωτή τρισδιάστατη ροή πάνω από εδρασμένο εμπόδιο
Authors: Λάσκος Βασίλειος
Published: July 2024

Σε αυτή τη διατριβή μελετάται η ασυμπίεστη ροή αέρα σε σταθερή κατάσταση γύρω από ένα ορθογωνικό εμπόδιο μέσα σε αεροσήραγγα, σε ένα τρισδιάστατο (3D) αριθμητικό πείραμα. Οι αδιάστατες εξισώσεις Navier–Stokes λύνονται αριθμητικά χρησιμοποιώντας τη μέθοδο πεπερασμένων στοιχείων Galerkin για τους αριθμούς Reynolds 1 έως 800. Ο λόγος ύψος εμποδίου προς ύψος αεροσήραγγας είναι 1:9,6, ενώ ο λόγος ύψος εμποδίου προς πλάτος αεροσήραγγας είναι 1:20. Η μετάβαση από τη σταθερή στη μη σταθερή κατάσταση και η αναγνώριση του κρίσιμου αριθμού Reynolds διερευνώνται σε αυτή την εργασία. Παρουσιάζονται αριθμητικά αποτελέσματα των γραμμών ίσης τριβής στο δάπεδο και των γραμμών ροής σε όλο το υπολογιστικό πεδίο. Γίνεται σύγκριση μεταξύ της δισδιάστατης και τρισδιάστατης ροής για να φανεί η επίδραση των τοιχωμάτων στη ροή, η οποία φτάνει στο επίπεδο συμμετρίας και επηρεάζει τη ροή εκεί. Ως εκ τούτου, επηρεάζει επίσης τη σταθερότητα της ροής. Συμπεραίνεται ότι η ροή είναι τρισδιάστατη ακόμη και για έναν αριθμό Reynolds ίσο με 10. Ο κρίσιμος αριθμός Reynolds είναι 600 και οι εξισώσεις σταθερής κατάστασης μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για οποιουσδήποτε υπολογισμούς μέχρι αυτή την τιμή.
Development of bioinformatics tools and analyses for comparative genomics
Authors: Νικολαΐδης Μάριος
Published: July 2024

Η πρόοδος των τεχνολογιών αλληλούχισης νέας γενιάς και της βιοπληροφορικής έχουν επιτρέψει τη συσσώρευση τεράστιου όγκου γονιδιωματικών δεδομένων, τα οποία με τη σειρά τους έχουν φέρει επανάσταση στον τομέα της γονιδιωματικής έρευνας. Στη συγκεκριμένη διατριβή, αναπτύχθηκε ένα υπολογιστικό εργαλείο, με την ονομασία pyPGCF, το οποίο είναι ικανό να διαχειρίζεται και να αναλύει, με μεγάλη απόδοση, εκατοντάδες έως και χιλιάδες γονιδιώματα. Το pyPGCF μπορεί να εφαρμοστεί τόσο σε προκαρυώτες όσο και σε ευκαρυώτες και να εκτελέσει διάφορες αναλύσεις, συμπεριλαμβανομένων της φυλογενωμικής, της αναγνώρισης του γονιδιώματος πυρήνα και της αναγνώρισης των γονιδίων αποτυπωμάτων, τα οποία μπορεί να εμπλέκονται στις προσαρμογές της κάθε εξελικτικής γραμμής. Το pyPGCF μπορεί να αναλύσει γονιδιώματα στη κλίμακα των χιλιάδων με ελάχιστο υπολογιστικό κόστος σε σύγκριση με άλλα υπάρχοντα εργαλεία. Συγκεκριμένα, κατά τη διάρκεια της συγκεκριμένης διατριβής, το pyPGCF χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ανάλυση 742 και 1,104 γονιδιωμάτων από τα βακτηριακά γένη Streptomyces και Bacillus που χρήζουν ιδιαίτερου ενδιαφέροντος στη βιοτεχνολογία και την ιατρική. Οι αναλύσεις του γένους Streptomyces ανέδειξαν την αξιοσημείωτη ποικιλομορφία τόσο μεταξύ όσο και εντός των διαφορετικών ειδών, την πλαστικότητα του γονιδιώματος του γένους και τα διάφορα γονίδια-αποτυπώματα ορισμένων εξελικτικών γραμμών. Επιπλέον, οι αναλύσεις του γένους Bacillus αναγνώρισαν πολλαπλά γονίδια-αποτυπώματα του κλάδου Cereus, ο οποίος συγκαταλέγει πολλά σημαντικά παθογόνα. Τα συγκεκριμένα γονίδια-αποτυπώματα ενδέχεται να είναι χρήσιμα ως θεραπευτικοί στόχοι και μοριακά διαγνωστικά εργαλεία. Το δεύτερο μέρος της διατριβής επικεντρώθηκε στις συγκριτικές γονιδιωματικές αναλύσεις, μεγάλης κλίμακας, κλινικά σημαντικών RNA και DNA ιών και πιο συγκεκριμένα των Κορονοϊών και των HPV-16, όσον αφορά το δυναμικό μεταλλάξεων και ανασυνδυασμού. Οι αναλύσεις των Κορονοϊών ανέδειξαν την εξελικτική αστάθεια του γονιδίου της ακίδας (Spike) και της γενωμικής γειτονιάς του, καθώς μεταλλάσσεται συχνά και εμπλέκεται σε γεγονότα ανασυνδυασμού. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτά έχουν επιπτώσεις για την πανδημία του SARS-CoV-2, τη μελλοντική της πορεία και για την ανάπτυξη εμβολίων μέσω της αναγνώρισης εξελικτικά συντηρημένων γενωμικών περιοχών. Οι αναλύσεις των HPV-16 έδειξαν ότι η ανάλυση ολόκληρου του γονιδιώματος είναι απαραίτητη προκειμένου να πραγματοποιηθεί σωστή γονοτύπηση και εκτίμηση κινδύνου. Για το συγκεκριμένο σκοπό αναπτύχθηκε ένα λογισμικό που αυτοματοποιεί τις συγκεκριμένες αναλύσεις. Το εργαλείο αυτό, μπορεί να αναλύσει με μεγάλη ταχύτητα πλήρη ή σχεδόν πλήρη γονιδιώματα των HPV-16 και να πραγματοποιήσει γονοτύπηση, ανάλυση ανασυνδυασμού και αναγνώριση SNPs που αυξάνουν τον κίνδυνο ανάπτυξης καρκίνου.
Achieving total 3D human capture with MocapNETs
Authors: Γκαμάζ Αμμάρ
Published: July 2024

Ο στόχος αυτής της διδακτορικής εργασίας ήταν να διερευνήσει και να αναπτύξει μία νέα, γρήγορη, φορητή, αξιόπιστη μέθοδο για τρισδιάστατη εκτίμηση της πόζας του σώματος των ανθρώπων που να λαμβάνει εικόνες από κάμερες χαμηλού κόστους και να εξάγει με ακρίβεια την τρισδιάστατη διαμόρφωση του σώματος ενός επιλεγμένου ατόμου που απεικονίζεται στη σκηνή. Η προτεινόμενη αρχιτεκτονική εκμεταλλεύτηκε τις πρόσφατες εξελίξεις στα Νευρωνικά ∆ίκτυα παίρνοντας την τελική της μορφή ως μια σύνθεση ενός σύνολου κωδικοποιητών νευρωνικών δικτύων. Εντοπίσαμε και γεφυρώσαμε κενά μεταξύ των μεθόδων βαθιάς μάθησης αιχμής και των παλαιότερων και πιο παγιωμένων μεθοδολογιών όρασης που βασίζονται σε μοντέλα που προηγήθηκαν των CNN. Το όνομα της, ≪MocapNET≫ επινοήθηκε για να την περιγράψει συνοπτικά, καθώς έγινε το πρώτο νευρωνικό δίκτυο στη βιβλιογραφία που επιτυγχάνει άμεσα τη σύλληψη κίνησης (motion capture - Mocap) χρησιμοποιώντας ένα νευρωνικό δίκτυο. Για να βελτιωθεί η ακρίβεια της μεθόδου και να αντιμετωπιστούν ζητήματα εξατομίκευσης, αναπτύχθηκε επίσης ένας νέος αλγόριθμος γενετικής βελτιστοποίησης σε πραγματικό χρόνο με το όνομα ἢΙεραρχική Κάθοδος Συντεταγμένωνὢ, ο οποίος εφαρμόζεται στην έξοδο των υπό συνθήκες ανεξάρτητων κωδικοποιητών του MocapNET. Η φιλοδοξία σχετικά με το εύρος της ανακτημένης 3∆ εξόδου σταδιακά διευρύνθηκε καθώς η μέθοδος γενικεύτηκε με επιτυχία σε πιο πολλές αρθρωτές δομές του ανθρώπινου σώματος. Η συνολική λύση τρισδιάστατης εκτίμησης της πόζας περιλαμβάνει το πάνω και κάτω μέρος του κορμού του σώματος, τα χέρια, το πρόσωπο και το βλέμμα. Το MocapNET είναι μία από τις πολύ λίγες μεθόδους που μπορούν να αντιμετωπίσουν με επιτυχία όλα αυτά τα υποπροβλήματα που παραδοσιακά αποτελούν υποπεδία της ευρύτερης έρευνας στην υπολογιστική όραση. Με τον όρο τρισδιάστατη λήψη δεν αναφερόμαστε μόνο σε ϑέσεις σημείων σε έναν τρισδιάστατο χώρο αλλά στην πλήρη κινηματική λύση του σκελετού. Η μέθοδος λειτουργεί σε πραγματικό χρόνο και η έξοδος της είναι άμεσα και εγγενώς συμβατή με λογισμικά 3∆ επεξεργασίας, λόγω της κωδικοποίησης BVH. Αυτό καθιστά το MocapNET παγκοσμίως μοναδικό. Επίσης, η εκτίμησης της 3∆ ανθρώπινης πόζας που αναπτύχθηκε μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί σε συσκευές όπως κινητά τηλέφωνα, γυαλιά εικονικής πραγματικότητας, αυτοοδηγούμενα αυτοκίνητα, έξυπνες συσκευές, οικιακά και εργοστασιακά ρομπότ κ.λπ., προσδίδοντάς τους δυνατότητες αντίληψης, σύγκρισης και απαρίθμησης στάσεων του ανθρώπινου σώματος, κάτι που ϑα διευκολύνει τελικά την υπολογιστική κατανόηση και ερμηνεία των ανθρώπινων δράσεων. Η διατριβή επιχειρεί να τεκμηριώσει προσεκτικά όλες τις πτυχές της μεθόδου, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των 2∆ περιγραφέων σχήματος, της συμπίεσης PCA για να επιτρέπεται η χρήση σε κινητές συσκευές και τις διάφορες προσπάθειες που διαμόρφωσαν τη μέθοδο μέχρι την τελική της έκδοση.
CORRELATION OF THE TERMS "CLASSIFICATION ATTRIBUTE", "MOTIVATIONAL ATTRIBUTE", "SEMANTIC ATTRIBUTE"
Authors: Petrova Nataliia A.
Published: July 2024

The problem of distinguishing the terms "classification attribute", "motivational attribute", "semantic attribute" arose in connection with the active development of cognitive linguistics and the expansion of its terminology. The article describes for the first time approaches to understanding terms in a comparative aspect. The author analyzes dictionary definitions, consistently identifying classification, motivational, semantic features of lexemes, demonstrating the differences between these features. The author comes to the conclusion that the terms "classification attribute", "motivational attribute", "semantic attribute" differ functionally, their use is due to the paradigm and the field of linguistics in which the researcher works.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to distinguish the terms "classification attribute", "motivational attribute", "semantic attribute".
Materials and methods. The material for the study was contexts with these terms extracted from scientific papers on cognitive linguistics, word formation, theoretical semantics, as well as dictionary entries. The descriptive and comparative methods, and method of theoretical analysis, were used.
Results. The results of the study showed that the terms "motivational attribute", "semantic attribute", "classification attribute" differ functionally. The study of motivational attribute is aimed at identifying linguistic patterns. The study of semantic attribute is aimed at describing lexical (linguistic) meanings. The analysis of classification attribute aims to identify extralinguistic, namely cognitively significant information about the objects of reality.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in lexicographic and translation practice, in research on issues of nomination, lexical meaning and linguistic categorization.
DIFFICULTIES IN TRANSLATING POPULAR SCIENCE TEXT IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMY (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE MONOGRAPH A.R. KROEBER CHINA`S ECONOMY: WHAT EVERYONE NEEDS TO KNOW)
Authors: Grishchenko Nataliia A. , Manyukova Valeria M. , Vasilieva Daria O.
Published: July 2024

Background. An adequate translation should fulfill the purpose of communication, which is imbedded in the original. At the same time, it is necessary to take into consideration both the content of the text and its pragmatic function. The translator`s task is using various types of translation transformations to select adequate lexical, phraseological, grammatical structures to maintain the pragmatic function of the translation at the level of the original. The authors of the article study the most interesting examples of translation difficulties based on the material of the monograph A.R. Kroeber China’s Economy: What Everyone Needs to Know and offer their own variants of their translation.
Purpose. Analysis of the translation difficulties of a popular scientific text on economic topics.
Materials and methods. The main research method is comparative analysis. The article is based on the text of the monograph A.R. Kroeber China’s Economy: What Everyone Needs to Know.
Results. Analysis of the text of the monograph (parts 2.6-3.3 / 30,048 sign.) has revealed more than 200 translation difficulties with the help of which the pragmatic function of the text is preserved. These linguistic phenomena require detailed analysis using logical thinking, linguistic and extensive background knowledge for their adequate translation. The results of the research can be used in the preparation of lecture materials and practical tasks for the program "Translator in the field of professional communication" in disciplines focused on translation studies.
Diversity of phyllostomid bats in four caves in the Dominican Republic
Authors: de Los Santos Durán Erika , Pescador Garriel Moisés
Published: July 2024

República Dominicana es el segundo país de las Antillas mayores con mayor diversidad de murciélagos; no obstante, el conocimiento que se tiene sobre estas especies es limitado, por lo que esta investigación se centró en estudiar la diversidad de murciélagos de la familia Phyllostomidae en 4 cuevas de República Dominicana.  Se realizó 1 muestreo cada 3 meses entre diciembre de 2021 y diciembre de 2022.  Se utilizaron 3 redes de niebla de 15 m de largo x 3 m de ancho para capturar a los murciélagos.  La diversidad fue analizada a través de los índices de Margalef, Shannon, Simpson, y Pielou.  Se capturaron 545 murciélagos de la familia Phyllostomidae.  De acuerdo con el índice de Margalef, la riqueza más alta se registró en la cueva La Chepa (5.81) con 6 de las 7 especies con distribución en el país.  La cueva Los Patos presentó la diversidad más alta (H´ = 1.50) y las abundancias de las especies fueron más uniformes (J´= 0.31).  La cueva La Chepa presentó las abundancias más altas de murciélagos con el 35.2 % del total de las capturas.  Las diferencias en la diversidad de murciélagos en las cuevas estudiadas pueden deberse a la disponibilidad de alimento cercanas a las cuevas y a la fragmentación del hábitat circundante, ya que el buen estado del ecosistema se relaciona directamente con la presencia y abundancia de esta familia.
A visit to the Mountain of Guerrero; first records of medium and large mammals in Atlixtac, Guerrero, México
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Rodolfo , Ramírez Barrios Rocío , Pereyra Cortés Beatriz , Bailón Miranda Javier , Sánchez Castro Carlos , Monroy-Vilchis Octavio
Published: July 2024

El estado de Guerrero es un área importante por su alta diversidad de mamíferos. Sin embargo, pocos estudios documentan esta diversidad de mamíferos en el estado. Debido a lo anterior, en este estudio se analizó la diversidad de mamíferos terrestres la región de Montaña de Atlixtac, Guerrero. Durante septiembre 2021 a marzo 2022 se visitó la comunidad de Atlixtac, Guerrero, se colocaron cámaras-trampa y se realizaron recorridos. La información obtenida se organizó y se analizó la abundancia y la diversidad. Se registraron 15 especies distribuidas en 10 familias; de éstas, 2 especies se encuentran bajo protección en la NOM 059 SEMARNAT; Leopardus wiedii mediante foto trampeo (n = 3) y Herpailurus yagouaroundi (n = 1) mediante reporte de caza. La zona de estudio es importante para los mamíferos del estado de Guerrero, se amplía la distribución y el conocimiento de especies como L. wiedii, H. yagouaroundi y S. angustifrons. Es importante incrementar el monitoreo en la región de montaña de Guerrero, los resultados obtenidos indican una alta probabilidad de aumentar el número de especies en el estado. El área de estudio es importante ecológicamente porque se encuentra dentro de la Sierra Madre del Sur, conecta con la Cuenca del Balsas y sirve de corredor biológico para varias especies de mamíferos.
Terrestrial mammals’ species richness, diversity, and activity patterns in the Darién National Park, Panamá
Authors: Moreno Ricardo , Young Natalia , Puertes Arturo , de la Torre J. Antonio
Published: July 2024

El Parque Nacional Darién, es uno de los mayores bosques de Mesoamérica y el monitoreo de las poblaciones de mamíferos terrestres en esta región es fundamental para definir acciones de conservación que aseguren su persistencia.  Colocamos 33 estaciones de foto trampeo y evaluamos la abundancia relativa de los mamíferos terrestres, el esfuerzo de muestreo necesario para obtener una estimación confiable de su riqueza y los patrones de actividad de las especies más registradas.  Identificamos con certeza 24 especies de mamíferos.  Nuestro muestreo fue representativo, ya que documentamos el 85 % de las especies que ya se habían registrado para esta área.  Los jaguares (Panthera onca), ocelotes (Leopardus pardalis) y margays (L. wiedii) mostraron un comportamiento crepuscular, y los pumas (Puma concolor) y jaguarundis (P. yagouaroundi) un comportamiento diurno.  El ñeque (Dasyprocta puntancta), el coatí (Nasua narica), el temazate (Mazama temama) y ambas especies de pecaríes (Tayassu pecari y Pecari tajacu) mostraron mayor actividad diurna.  La paca (Cuniculus paca), el armadillo de nueve bandas (Dasypus novemcinctus) y el tapir (Tapirus bairdii) mostraron mayor actividad nocturna.  Este es uno de los primeros estudios que evalúa los patrones de actividad de los mamíferos terrestres para el Darién y todo Panamá.  Documentamos algunas especies que no habían sido registradas en estudios previos para la región.  Sin embargo, los estimadores de riqueza indicaron que aún existen más especies que podrían ser detectadas.  La implementación de programas de monitoreo a largo plazo es un paso crucial para comprender mejor la dinámica de las poblaciones de vida silvestre en la región.
First records of Myotis ruber and Molossus pretiosus for the state of Ceará, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Santos-Cavalcante Nadia , Passos Cordeiro José Luís , Fernandes-Ferreira Hugo , Camacho Antevere Mazzarotto Giovanny Augusto , Caccavo Aldo , Brito de Oliveira Marcione
Published: July 2024

El Orden Chiroptera ocupa el segundo lugar en términos de riqueza de especies entre los mamíferos.  Entre sus familias destacan Molossidae y Vespertilionidae que tienen una distribución cosmopolita y se encuentran en todos los continentes, comprendiendo 134 y 531 especies, respectivamente.  En Brasil, actualmente hay documentadas 181 especies de quirópteros, de las cuales 32 pertenecen a Molossidae y 26 a Vespertilionidae, lo que las convierte en las familias más abundantes después de Phyllostomidae.  El objetivo fue documentar los primeros registros de Myotis ruber y Molossus pretiosus en el estado de Ceará.  Se tomaron muestras de murciélagos utilizando redes de niebla durante 6 hr después de la puesta del sol, y su identificación siguió la literatura establecida.  El muestreo se realizó en los municipios de Pacoti y Guaramiranga en el estado de Ceará, del noreste de Brasil.  Este estudio presenta los primeros registros de 2 especies de murciélagos, Molossus pretiosus y Myotis ruber, para el estado de Ceará en la Sierra de Baturité.  Estos registros contribuyen a aumentar la lista de especies en el estado de Ceará, amplían la distribución de estas 2 especies de murciélagos, y contribuyen a mejorar la comprensión de la diversidad de especies en el noreste de Brasil.
Factors influencing appropriate referrals from NHS 111 to 999 services in Wales
Authors: Brady Mike , Brown Peter
Published: July 2024

NHS 111 services aim to help people get the right advice and treatment when needed. The national NHS 111 service in Wales is delivered by Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust. There have been reputational challenges associated with NHS 111 services and their referrals to emergency ambulance services (999) for many years. Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust has seen lower levels of NHS 111 calls being referred to 999 services than most of the UK on a sustained basis. The authors argue that the trust's relative success derives not from being a sole provider, but rather from having a risk-empowered workforce that is enabled by acting as one organisational system with one organisational culture, supported through robust access to real-time data. The trust has also taken steps to challenge the common belief that excessive triage to 999 services is an acceptable byproduct of a ‘safe’ service. Instead, the workforce needs to be confident and competent to practice in a risk-stratified, balanced and often clinically autonomous way, through training, education, supervision, reflection and feedback. This article will provide an overview of the possible contributors to appropriate referrals from NHS 111 Wales to 999 services, aiming to stimulate useful conversation about the complex and multi-faceted issue.
Role transition and adaptation: from ward nursing to stoma nurse specialist
Authors: Marinova Rali , Marinova Petya
Published: July 2024

Specialist nurses are crucial to care delivery and play a key role in stoma services. Yet, support for nurses transitioning from ward-based to specialist roles has often been suboptimal. Rali and Petya Marinova describe the innovative approaches to training specialist nurses at their stoma and pouch service to ease this transition.
Emily Frith
Authors: Simpson Fiona
Published: July 2024

Fiona Simpson speaks to the newly appointed chief executive of charity Adoption UK
The Development of Digital Colorimetric-Based Thiourea Receptor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Dihydrogen Phosphate
Authors: Mustika Realita Dini ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Aprilita Nurul Hidayat , Siswanta Dwi ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

T his study aimed to synthesize a new chemosensor, namely 1,1’-(1,4-phenylene)bis(3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea), specifically designed for detection of H2PO4−. The compound was characterized using FTIR, LC-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, while the colorimetric sensing abilities were validated through various analyses. These include linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, RGB, and HSV color components. Digital images of color changes were captured using a smartphone camera and Color Grab app was used to quantify color components. Subsequently, anions test (NO3−, Cl–, HSO4−, and H2PO4−) were conducted in acetonitrile, where the addition of H2PO4− induced a distinct color change from colorless to yellow. The results showed that detection of H2PO4− depended on pH of the solution, with no color change observed at pH 1-3 due to anions converting to acidic species. At pH 5, H2PO4− was detected as a yellow color change, and alkaline conditions led to different color responses. Furthermore, UV-Vis detection showed recovery values of 99.80% to 100.6%, indicating high accuracy. RGB and HSV color component-based sensors showed recovery values of 101.6% to 114.4% and 92.50% to 110.2%, respectively. The LOD of the UV-Vis, RGB, and HSV methods were 0.16 μM, 0.46 μM, and 0.18 μM, while LOQ values were 0.54 μM,1.52 μM, and 0.61 μM, respectively. In conclusion, the synthesized chemosensor showed potential for accurate and sensitive detection of H2PO4− using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and digital colorimetric-based image.
Humidity Effects on Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 Thin Films for Carbon-based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Musikpan Wongsathon ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Khampa Warunee , Passatorntaschakorn Woraprom , Usulor Chukwuebuka Emmanuel , Ngamjarurojana Athipong , Gardchareon Atcharawon , Ruankham Pipat , Wongratanaphisan Duangmanee ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP center), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
Published: July 2024

Org anic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have captivated the attention of researchers worldwide due to their remarkable potential for low-cost, high-efficiency solar cells. However, the reliance on controlled environments, such as dry boxes, poses a significant barrier for smaller laboratories wishing to participate in perovskite research. In this study, we investigate the influence of ambient humidity of Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 during the film formation process. Our experiments involved the fabrication of perovskite films using spin-coating techniques under different controlled humidity conditions with identical precursor preparation. The results revealed a significant decrease in film thickness under higher humidity, accompanied by a noticeable alteration in perovskite grain morphology, suggesting a complex interplay between humidity and grain formation. Furthermore, the photovoltaic performance of device with perovskite film formed in different humidity was measured. Surprisingly, despite the challenges posed by high humidity during fabrication, the solar cell efficiency only moderately decreased from 13.17% to 9.55% in average, indicating a remarkable potential of the Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 perovskite formula under adverse ambient conditions. These findings hint at the feasibility of their application in real-world, ambient air conditions, paving the way for their integration into diverse environmental settings, enabling a wider research community to engage in the exciting realm of perovskite solar cell technology.
Synthesis and Characterization of Red Pigment from Acid Regeneration Plant (ARP) By-product Via Rod Milling Process
Authors: Woon Hai Song ,   Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional,43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia, Naidu Keerthan , Ewe Lay Sheng , Ean Lee Woen , Lim Kean Pah ,   Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional,43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia,   Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional,43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia,   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia,   Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: July 2024

Iron o xide waste from acid regeneration plants (ARP) is often discarded due to its non-profitability. This research aims to introduce a value-added process to convert iron oxide waste into red pigment via rod milling process. The iron oxide waste collected from ARP was grinded with a rod milling machine at 30 rpm for 24 hours. The ground product was then mixed with industrial-grade red pigment in various ratios. The mixed samples were then rod-milled again into ultra-fine particles. A total of seven samples were prepared, applied onto a canvas and analysed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. From the analyses, the existence, composition, and orientation of iron oxide were established. The waste-derived red pigments were subsequently subjected to particle size analysis on a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) platform, with results showcasing the efficiency of the rod milling process. Colour-related properties of the samples before and after canvas application were investigated using the L*a*b* system with a chromameter. Empirical outcomes indicated that the a* value plays an important role in determining the redness of the sample. Overall, the a* values obtained were above 15 and gradually increased in accordance to the amount of industrial-grade red pigment added. The oil absorptivity of red pigments was also tested via an oil absorptivity test. Notably, the assay signified that particle size and porosity affect the amount of oil that can be absorbed by the pigment.
Enhancement of hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration in a rat osteochondral defect model through focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy
Authors: Cheng Jai-Hong , Jhan Shun-Wun , Chen Po-Cheng , Hsu Shan-Ling , Wang Ching-Jen , Moya Daniel , Wu Yi-No , Huang Chien-Yiu , Chou Wen-Yi , Wu Kuan-Ting
Published: July 2024

Aims

To explore the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of osteochondral defect (OCD), and its effects on the levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, -3, -4, -5, and -7 in terms of cartilage and bone regeneration.

Methods

The OCD lesion was created on the trochlear groove of left articular cartilage of femur per rat (40 rats in total). The experimental groups were Sham, OCD, and ESWT (0.25 mJ/mm2, 800 impulses, 4 Hz). The animals were euthanized at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-treatment, and histopathological analysis, micro-CT scanning, and immunohistochemical staining were performed for the specimens.

Results

In the histopathological analysis, the macro-morphological grading scale showed a significant increase, while the histological score and cartilage repair scale of ESWT exhibited a significant decrease compared to OCD at the 8- and 12-week timepoints. At the 12-week follow-up, ESWT exhibited a significant improvement in the volume of damaged bone compared to OCD. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a significant decrease in type I collagen and a significant increase in type II collagen within the newly formed hyaline cartilage following ESWT, compared to OCD. Finally, SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), aggrecan, and TGF-β, BMP-2, -3, -4, -5, and -7 were significantly higher in ESWT than in OCD at 12 weeks.

Conclusion

ESWT promoted the effect of TGF-β/BMPs, thereby modulating the production of extracellular matrix proteins and transcription factor involved in the regeneration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone in an OCD rat model.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(7):342–352.
Ricardo’s Law of Comparative Advantage in Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Early Historic Mainland Southeast Asian Metallurgy: Copper-base Metal Production, Exchange, and Consumption Behaviours at Khao Sai On, Nil Kham Haeng, Non Pa Wai, Phromthin Tai, Sab Champa, and Tha Kae in Central Thailand
Authors: Pryce T.O. , Cadet Mélissa , Tomczyk Céline , Venunan Pira , Lertcharnrit Thanik , Rispoli Fiorella , Ciarla Roberto
Published: July 2024

Since its late 1970s to early 1980s discovery, the Khao Wong Prachan Valley (KWPV) of central Thailand has been assumed to have been a major supplier of copper in Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Early Historic Southeast Asia. KWPV was the first regional metal production system to be characterised by lead isotope (LI) analysis in the late 2000s, revealing a coherent signature easily distinguished from subsequent analyses of production systems at Phu Lon (northern Thailand) and the Vilabouly Complex (central Laos). Despite KWPV’s scale of production, its LI signature has scarcely been detected at Bronze Age metal consumption sites in nearby northeast Thailand and not at all in Iron Age assemblages. We study copper production and copper/bronze consumption behaviours of Iron Age and Early Historic sites in KWPV’s immediate vicinity: Khao Sai On, Phromthin Tai, Tha Kae, and Sab Champa. Khao Sai On and Phromthin Tai production signatures are highly consistent with those previously established, while the uranogenic tendency at Tha Kae explains outliers from Bronze Age Non Pa Wai and Nil Kham Haeng. Analysis of consumption assemblages reveals little to no consistency with local production signatures. This tendency was
tested with LI Iron Age and Early Historic datasets for Ban Khu Muang, Ban Mai Chaimongkol, Ban Pong Manao, and Ban Pong Takhob. The pattern is clear: central Thai populations imported copper/bronze, potentially from the Vilabouly Complex or production loci with closely comparable signatures. We examine this counterintuitive behaviour inductively using Ricardo’s Law of Comparative Advantage combined with a technological appreciation of the relatively low productivity of central Thai primary copper production. This suggests central Thailand’s unattached copper producers freely exchanged copper for exotic goods (bronze, glass, semi-precious stone), with potentially poor terms of exchange, from their desire to participate in wider regional trends in conspicuous consumption.
Fast and direct calibration for high numerical aperture quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry using geometry model with higher-order Taylor expansion
Authors: Han Xiting , Wang Tao , Zhang Xiaotian , Zhong Hui , Liu Shuhao , Li Yanqiu , Liu Ke
Published: July 2024

The current research on quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry
(LSI) is primarily focused on the measurements of plane wave or
quasiplane wave. When directly measuring spherical waves with high
numerical apertures (NA>0.35), it will generate additional
systematic errors, which affect measurement accuracy. To make the
quadriwave LSI applicable to the measurements of a high-NA spherical
wave, this paper proposes a fast and direct calibration method by
establishing the geometry model of the quadriwave LSI with high-NA
spherical wave incidence. The expression for the optical path
difference represented systematic errors introduced by high-NA
spherical waves in the shearing wavefronts are derived, which utilize
a ninth-order Taylor expansion and Zernike polynomials fitting to
achieve the high accuracy required by the high-NA spherical wave
incidence. Then, the systematic errors are directly calibrated in the
shearing wavefronts of four directions. This paper presents the
theoretical analysis and verifies the feasibility and reliability of
the proposed method through simulations and experiments, achieving a
good measurement accuracy.
Dynamic near-field and far-field radiation manipulation using a reprogrammable guided-wave-excited metasurface
Authors: Peng Shuang , Yang Fei , Zhang Han , Fu Zhan Yi , Liu Chen Xi , Lu Hai Ying , Xie Ya Ting , Yu Qian , Huang Rui , Fu Xiao Jian , Wu Jun Wei
Published: July 2024

The dynamic and integrated control of near- and far-field electromagnetic waves is essential for advancing emerging intelligent information technology. Metasurfaces, distinguished by their low-profile design, cost-effectiveness, and ease of fabrication, have successfully revolutionized various electromagnetic functions. However, current research on the dynamic integrated manipulation of near-field and far-field electromagnetic waves using a single metasurface remains relatively constrained, due to the complexity of element-level control, restricted dynamic tuning range, and tuning speed. Herein, we propose an element-level controlled, versatile, compact, and broadband platform allowing for the real-time electronic reconstruction of desired near/far-field electromagnetic wavefronts. This concept is achieved by precisely regulating the 1-bit amplitude coding pattern across a guided-wave-excited metasurface aperture loaded with PIN diodes, following our binary-amplitude holographic theory and modified Gerchberg–Saxton (G–S) algorithm. Consistent findings across calculations, simulations, and experiments highlight the metasurface’s robust performance in 2D beam scanning, frequency scanning, dynamic focusing lens, dynamic holography display, and 3D multiplexing holography, even under 1-bit control. This simplified and innovative metasurface architecture holds the promise of substantially propelling forthcoming investigations and applications of highly integrated, multifunctional, and intelligent platforms.
Predicting postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing planned cesarean section: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in Japan
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomoko , Kyozuka Hyo , Ito Momoka , Hiraiwa Tsuyoshi , Murata Tsuyoshi , Sugeno Misa , Ito Fumihiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Fukuda Toma , Yasuda Shun , Keiya Fujimori , Nomura Yasuhisa
Published: July 2024

Given Japan’s unique social background, it is critical to understand the current risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) to effectively manage the condition, especially among specific groups. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the current risk factors for PPH during planned cesarean section (CS) in Japan. This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted in two tertiary maternal-fetal medicine units in Fukushima, Japan and included 1,069 women who underwent planned CS between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022. Risk factors for PPH (of > 1000 g and > 1500 g) were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis, considering variables such as maternal age, parity, assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancy, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), uterine myoma, placenta previa, gestational age at delivery, birth weight categories, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to predict estimated blood loss during planned CS. ART pregnancy, a pre-pregnancy BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2, and uterine myoma increased PPH risk at various levels. Maternal smoking increased the risk of >1500 g PPH (adjusted odds ratio: 3.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–8.20). Multivariate linear analysis showed that advanced maternal age (B: 83 g; 95% CI: 27–139 g), ART pregnancy (B: 239 g; 95% CI: 121–357 g), pre-pregnancy BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 (B: 74 g; 95% CI: 22–167 g), uterine myoma (B: 151 g; 95% CI: 47–256 g), smoking (B: 107 g; 95% CI: 13–200 g), and birth weight > 3,500 g (B: 203 g; 95% CI: 67–338 g) were associated with blood loss during planned CS. Considering a patient’s clinical characteristic may help predict bleeding in planned CSs and help improve patient safety.
The effect of provincial policies on seismic disaster mitigation in China: An empirical study
Authors: Gao Lei , Liu Xiaoxue , Zhao Yiming , Chen Longjie , Que Yihua , Wang Zining
Published: July 2024

With the development of earthquake disaster reduction efforts in China, the content of earthquake disaster reduction policies has become increasingly enriched and improved. Particularly, multiple provincial governments have proposed earthquake disaster reduction planning policies. It is important to explore whether these policies can affect disaster mitigation. Therefore, this paper summarizes the earthquake disaster reduction plans and factors influencing seismic resilience. Panel data from 24 provinces between 2012 and 2021 were collected, and a difference-in-differences approach was used to construct an econometric model to evaluate the policy effects and analyze the enhancement of seismic resilience. The results show that the implementation of earthquake disaster reduction policies has a positive impact on earthquake monitoring, evacuation, and emergency relief capabilities, and the estimated policy effects are statistically significant. Moreover, a series of tests were conducted. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Earthquake disaster reduction policies have a positive impact on the improvement of seismic resilience in provinces. (2) Provinces with a higher number of earthquakes experience more significant effects from earthquake disaster reduction policies. (3) Provinces with higher seismic peak ground acceleration values exhibit more pronounced improvements in seismic resilience.
Share pledge and accounting conservatism in share-pledging firms: Evidence from a natural experiment in China
Authors: Wang Xin , Sun Yue , Li Yanlin , Zhang Cuijiao
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on firms in which insiders pledge their shares as collateral for loans. By investigating a natural experiment—China’s enactment of provisions on share reductions that restrict pledge creditors’ cashing-out behavior—we find that pledging firms exhibited more conservative financial reporting after the implementation than non-pledging firms. This effect was pronounced in firms with a higher ratio of pledged shares, a longer maturation period of the pledged shares, and more concentrated pledge creditors. Additionally, we show that pledging firms increased their accounting conservatism after the shock, leading to a lower risk of margin calls and stock price crashes. The effect on accounting conservatism was stronger in firms with controlling pledgers or when the pledge creditors were banks. Our results remained consistent after we performed several robustness tests. These behaviors are economically logical because the provisions heighten creditors’ liquidity risk and the potential losses of loan default. Pledging shareholders embrace more accounting conservatism to mitigate creditors’ concerns about agency costs and avoid triggering margin calls. Our findings provide direct support that creditors have a real demand for accounting conservatism and highlight the impact of shareholder-creditor conflicts on the financial reporting policies of pledging firms.
El Consejo de Castilla y la cuestión de la deuda censal en los territorios de la antigua Corona de Aragón. Su evolución en el Reino de Valencia (1705-1770)
Authors: Agüero Díez María Teresa , Giménez López Enrique
Published: July 2024

El 18 de febrero de 1705 se redujo en Castilla la tasa de interés de los censos, que pasaron de pagar el 5 % al 3 %, a pesar de la solicitud del Consejo de Castilla al rey para que la medida quedara en suspenso por el daño que podía causar a los acreedores. La rebaja no afectó a los territorios de la Corona de Aragón y, pese a la unificación que supusieron los decretos de Nueva Planta, la tasa no fue modificada. En este artículo se analiza la posición del Consejo de Castilla y las Audiencias de Valencia, Cataluña y Aragón ante la cuestión de la deuda y su interés, que ahogaba a las haciendas municipales, así como las concordias establecidas entre poblaciones endeudadas y sus acreedores para afrontar el volumen gigantesco de la deuda. En esta ralentización respecto a la toma de decisiones son muchas las variables a observar, entre ellas, el nombramiento del intendente Mergelina en 1718, cuyas intervenciones también alteran los movimientos en torno a la deuda, y los debates alrededor de los dictámenes emitidos por los fiscales del Consejo Real de Castilla Alonso Rico de Villarroel y Pedro Juan de Alfaro, defendiendo posiciones muy opuestas, todo ello en un entorno aún muy conflictivo en territorio de la Corona de Aragón. También se tratan las situaciones excepcionales que se vivieron en Valencia y cómo el Consejo de Castilla las valoró antes y después de julio de 1750, cuando Fernando VI equiparó al de Castilla el interés censal de todos los territorios de la corona aragonesa.
«Calamidades de los tiempos». La retórica catastrofista en la justificación de las quiebras financieras de los municipios valencianos durante el siglo XVII
Authors: Bernabé Gil David
Published: July 2024

Durante el siglo XVII más de la mitad de los municipios valencianos de realengo −al menos una treintena− llegaron a recabar la intervención de la Corona para que esta facilitara por la vía de gracia su rescate financiero, ante la situación de bancarrota a que se vieron abocados. Solicitaban, además del cese inmediato de las ejecuciones judiciales, la concesión de una demora para las liquidaciones, una rebaja temporal de los intereses corridos y corrientes, el secuestro de las rentas en manos de un gestor o −lo más frecuente− la aprobación de una concordia previamente pactada con los acreedores, que solía contener elementos de las otras modalidades mencionadas y, a menudo, incluía también planes de amortización de capitales. En sus peticiones al monarca los municipios acostumbraban hacer referencias explícitas a una amplia gama de circunstancias adversas que habían precipitado su estado de insolvencia. A partir de este tipo de informaciones, es objeto del presente trabajo analizar los elementos discursivos contenidos en las retóricas justificadoras de la deplorable situación financiera en que se encontraban las arcas locales; lo que permite distinguir dos niveles distintos pero complementarios. Por un lado, el que se nutría de todo tipo de calamidades de origen climático y natural; por otro el que remitía a las consecuencias, directas o indirectas, de la política de la monarquía. Entre las primeras, se destacaban los efectos catastróficos de las sequías, inundaciones y granizadas, así como de las epidemias de peste de 1648 y 1677. Entre las segundas, se referían los alojamientos de tropas y las secuelas de la guerra de Cataluña en los municipios más próximos a la frontera, además de los cuantiosos servicios a la Corona.
RAMIS BARCELÓ, Rafael, La Segunda Escolástica: Una propuesta de síntesis histórica, Madrid, Dykinson, 2024. 443 pp.
Authors: Coll Coll Ana María
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro: RAMIS BARCELÓ, Rafael, La Segunda Escolástica: Una propuesta de síntesis histórica, Madrid, Dykinson, 2024. 443 pp.
Identification of Passion Fruit Nutrients for Elderly People Using Network in Network Architecture: An Empirical Study in Thailand
Authors: Kengpol Athakorn , Duangsuphasin Akksatcha
Published: July 2024

The growing elderly population has led to a rise in health issues, particularly chronic diseases. Passion fruits contain numerous nutrients that may help in the treatment of chronic diseases. However, specific recommendations for daily passion fruit nutrient intake for the elderly are currently lacking in the literature. This research aimed to identify passion fruit groups and to suggest the appropriate daily passion fruit nutrient intake for elderly people using network in network (NiN) architecture. This research demonstrates that the NiN model can be effectively applied to identify passion fruit groups for the elderly. It is more efficient than other convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures. The results show that NiN can correctly identify passion fruit groups and suggest the appropriate amount of nutrient intake for the elderly, achieving + 96.76% accuracy in the training dataset and 95.89% accuracy in the validation dataset, surpassing 84.6% accuracy achieved by EaglAI. Sensitivity analysis of the NiN model using mean absolute error (MAE) for geometric transformations revealed consistent training image results and model robustness. This research benefits elderly people with chronic diseases by providing tailored recommendations for daily passion fruit intake, based on the analysis of sugar nutrients using the NiN model.