bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Input Modality, Word Difficulty and Reading Experience on Word Recognition Accuracy
Authors: Wolf Merel C. , Meyer Antje S. , Rowland Caroline F. , Hintz Florian
Published: July 2021

Language users encounter words in at least two different modalities. Arguably, the most frequent encounters are in spoken or written form. Previous research has shown that – compared to the spoken modality – written language features more difficult words. An important question is whether input modality has effects on word recognition accuracy. In the present study, we investigated whether input modality (spoken, written, or bimodal) affected word recognition accuracy and whether such a modality effect interacted with word difficulty. Moreover, we tested whether the participants’ reading experience interacted with word difficulty and whether this interaction was influenced by modality. We re-analyzed data from 48 Dutch university students that were collected in the context of a vocabulary test development to assess in which modality test words should be presented. Participants carried out a word recognition task, where non-words and words of varying difficulty were presented in auditory, visual and audio-visual modalities. In addition, they completed a receptive vocabulary and an author recognition test to measure their exposure to literary texts. Our re-analyses showed that word difficulty interacted with reading experience in that frequent readers (i.e., with more exposure to written texts) were more accurate in recognizing difficult words than individuals who read less frequently. However, there was no evidence for an effect of input modality on word recognition accuracy, nor for interactions with word difficulty or reading experience. Thus, in our study, input modality did not influence word recognition accuracy. We discuss the implications of this finding and describe possibilities for future research involving other groups of participants and/or different languages.
Can traditional Chinese medicine formulas treat BMI-associated hypertension effectively?
Authors: Tulp Orien L , Bell Agulis , Einstein George P , H Robinson Bruce , Chow Tin
Published: July 2021

The tradition of Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been in use and development for thousands of years, where it has been applied in some form for the treatment of nearly every common illness. TCM is currently undergoing a resurgence in interest and in providing an adjunct to allopathic medical care virtually worldwide. TCM therapeutics may be administered in many forms from capsules, to powders, homogenates, tinctures and decoctions. Si Wu Tang, a derivative of the traditional Chinese including Formulas, is a combination of substances that may function in a synergistic manner to promote a calming effect and an amelioration of symptoms of hypertension. Such formulas are often used in TCM to treat or alleviate a wide range of the common illness and disorders of both Eastern and Western society. Reported beneficial effects include improvements in circulatory, cardiovascular, mood, endocrine metabolic and reproductive disorders. One such TCM formula commonly recommended is the Wu Cao Si Wu Tang [SWT]formula, used to treat the hypertension of obesity and a variety of other disorders. Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease; over 7 million US deaths per year may be directly attributed to pathophysiologic complications resulting from poor control of blood pressure. While numerous advances in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension have had a major impact on decreasing the overall risks and an improved management of this chronic disease, a definitive cure for all causes of hypertension has remained elusive to date. To determine the comparative effectiveness of conventional Western treatment vs. drug free Traditional Oriental Therapy for hypertension, we reviewed the data from independent studies. Wu Cao Si Wu Tang was found to be as effective as allopathic medications in controlling blood pressure in a group of moderately hypertensive patients
Deficiency of coagulation factor Vll in a 4 years old child with 13q deletion syndrome: a case report
Authors: AL Madani Housam , Hassan Soltan , Ajwa Ghada , Dahlawi Basel
Published: July 2021

Background: Factor VII deficiency is rare inherited bleeding disorders, have been identified in the Factor VII gene located on chromosome 13 with very few cases reported. Factor VII deficiency was first described by Alexander et al. in 1951.The disorder has also been known as Alexander's disease. It is the rare inherited bleeding disorders’ with an estimated incidence of 1 case per 3,00,000 to 5,00,000 individuals. Objective and method: We did a case report and literature review for deficiency of coagulation factors VII was found in a 4 years patient who had chromosomal aberration 13q deletion syndrome (46, XX, del 13q32-13q33). This loci involved in synthesis or constitution of factor VII. Results: A review of the gene map of chromosome 13 indicated that Factors VII and X are coded on the long arm of chromosome 13, within the deleted region. Conclusion: Congenital Factor VII deficiency is a rare cause of bleeding disorder, which should be suspected in a bleeding child presenting in infancy when platelets and aPTT are normal with abnormal PT. Congenital Factor VII deficiency association with 46, XX, del (13q32– 13q33) syndrome is very rare disorder and further cases should be reported to know the outcome and the risk of complication in such a cases.
Blood transportation using multi-vehicle systems; optimal blood transport temperature in terms of hemolysis
Authors: Yakushiji Fumiatsu , Yakushiji Koki , Murata Mikio , Hiroi Naoki , Fujita Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

Recently, the use of drones has been proposed for blood transportation. Therefore, in this review, we first detailed the history of blood storage and transportation for red blood cell transfusion, and then presented ideas for creating rules to improve the safety of blood transportation, based on the idea that hemolysis is the problem for blood quality. In particular, it touches on the current logistics of blood transportation in which public transportation is not used, including the recent use of drones to transport blood, and points out the problems with this system. We discuss how instances of improper red blood cell transportation with inadequate temperature control are still observed, and that temperature control, vibration remain the major hindrances to appropriate blood transportation. Therefore, a set of rules that will contribute to appropriate and rapid blood transportation is warranted. Moreover, there are notable differences in blood storage rule between Japan and the US and UK, and there is no legal transportation rule in Japan. Based on our review and experience, we think that basic temperature control at 2–6°C should always be maintained to prevent blood deterioration even if unmanned aerial vehicle (drone) technologies are available.
Frequency of two transcripts of BCR-ABL 1 fusion gene (p210 and p190) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Altaf Maria , Khan Saleem Ahmed , Khan Ayesha , Arsalan Ammara
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of two transcripts of BCR-ABL 1 fusion gene (P210 & P190) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, from December 2012 to January 2014. Methodology: 147 diagnosed patients of CML and ALL were subjected to real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. For PCR,2-3ml of venous blood in EDTA was collected .RNA extraction was done by Trizol Reagent LS (MRC, USA) and cDNA was synthesized using reverse transcriptase and gene specific primer. Real time- PCR was done on ABI-7500.The positive samples were identified when fluorescence exceeded threshold limit. Results: Out of 147 samples, 85 were with diagnosis of CML. All of them (100%) showed P210. 58 patients had diagnosis of ALL. Out of these BCR-ABL1 is detected in 11(18.9%) patients. 9(81.8%) expressed P190 whereas P210 was present in 2(18.1%) patients. 4 patients in lymphoid blast phase of CML were identified. 3(75%) of them had PP210 and 1(25%) shows both (P190 & P210) the transcripts. Conclusion: All CML patients expressed P210 transcript whereas ALL patients mostly showed P190. These transcripts expressing specific tyrosine kinase protein have diagnostic as well prognostic significance.
Unusual presentation of SLE in pediatric patient
Authors: Alhusain Awal , Alhashim Hasan , Almuraidif Wafa , Alghazal Mariam
Published: July 2021

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any organ and may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Childhood-onset c-SLE is a rare disease with an incidence of 0.3-0.9/100,000 children-years and a prevalence of 3.3-8.8/100,000 children.1 Asians, African American, Hispanic and Native Americans have higher frequency of the disease.2,3 Similar to adult SLE, c-SLE affects mainly females with around 80% of the affected children. According to the literature, the median age of onset is 11-12 years and it is rare in children under 5 years of age. The manifestations of c-SLE are variable and most of the times are atypical compared to adult SLE which make the diagnosis of cSLE a challenge to the treating physician.4 This report shows a series of presentation in pediatric patient who finally was diagnosed with SLE.
Low dose of Dasatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lester Jacobo , Klériga Enrique , Pérez-Zincer Fernando
Published: July 2021

The oncoprotein BCR-ABL1 helps with the diagnosis and monitoring the therapeutic response in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. We describe the case of a 70-year-old woman with chronic myeloid leukemia who did not achieve a molecular response after 12 months of treatment. She was then managed with Dasatinib 70 mg orally twice a day until she reached a complete molecular response. She developed pulmonary toxicity probably due to Dasatinib. The dosage was decreased to 70 mg orally once a day. The patient continues with a complete molecular response with less side effects. In chronic myeloid leukemia, as far as we know, there are no previous reports, after a molecular response with Dasatinib 70 mg twice a day, the maintenance of a good molecular control with a single daily dose. This dose may allow a reduction in toxicity with a better quality of life for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
How’s going on the T-Cell Brazil project
Authors: De Souza Carmino , Delamain Marcia T , M Miranda Eliana C , Pereira Juliana , Leão Danielle , B Brasil Sergio A , Castro Nelson S , F S Zacchi, Flavia , Barrese Tomas Z , Vassalo José , Chiattone Carlos
Published: July 2021

Lymphomas are a large, heterogeneous and infrequent group of neoplasms. Peripheral t-cell lymphomas (PTCL) is still rarer, and it makes up about 10-15% of lymphoid malignancies. Its prognosis is poor and remains a challenge. In April 2017, the first Brazilian collaborative effort was created to collect data from T-cell Lymphoma patients diagnosed in the five distinct macro-regions of Brazil. To better understand PTCL, according to the revised WHO-2017 classification, excluding Mycosis fungoides, Sézary syndrome, and chronic Lymphoproliferative disorders, all histological subtypes diagnosed from January 2015 to December 2022 will be enrolled. Tissue biopsied, immunophenotypic markers from consecutive patients at each site will be reviewed by panels of expert hematopathologists every year. So far, 381 cases were enrolled by 32 Brazilian centers, most of them are from the Southeast and South region. Twenty-two cases were not evaluable due to lack of complete data; hence, 359 were analyzed. The overall survival at 24-month was 52% (95% CI: 46-58%) and progression-free survival 37% (95% CI: 31-43%) with a median time of follow-up of 10 months (0.2-64). T-cell Brazil Project has many challenges to overcome, mainly due to its vast territory and its disparity. However, we already have another sixteen centers waiting for approval in their Ethics Committees. It was created a network around the country, mainly among the pathologists, with educational goals and exchange of experiences. It is crucial to obtain knowledge of local epidemiology to optimize resources, design clinical trials, and identify minority entities, contributing to increasing the quality o
Occupations of Chilean adolescents: level of importance according to gender
Authors: Valdebenito Mabel Navarrete
Published: July 2021

An occupational view of public health takes care of the lifestyles of specific groups of people and how they influence their health and quality of life. Adolescents are positioning themselves as a group with their own needs from all areas of health, betting that the well-being of young people is an investment for the near future. Little is known about the nature of adolescents' occupational choices and how routines and lifestyles are installed. The challenges of this stage of life condition participation in occupations, to such a level that, from becoming involved in them, the interests and roles of adolescents are defined. The level of importance they attach to their activities would define their occupational routine based on the preferences of some activities over others. This research aims to define the differences in the level of importance that Chilean adolescents give to their occupations according to their gender. This study is quantitative in descriptive design. 109 Chilean adolescents who defined their daily occupations and the level of importance for each of them were evaluated. The Mann Whitney U test that compares two non-parametric samples was used. Regarding the results of this study, there are significant differences in the Play, especially in the play with friends, being the male adolescents those who give a higher level of importance to this type of play than their female peers. No significant differences were found by gender in Social Participation and Leisure activities, therefore, it could be said that adolescent men and women give the same level of importance to these occupations.
DX strategy by building and promoting utilization of the comprehensive healthcare database
Authors: Tomoko Tachibana , Tomoko Tachibana
Published: July 2021

Society 5.0 is a human-centered society that highly integrates cyber space and physical one. We aim to overcome the challenges of the information society (Society 4.0) so far, overcome the sense of blockage through social change, and make each person comfortable and active. For people with disabilities, ICT is useful not only as a support device, but also as a driving force in labor for individuals with a sense of purpose to shift to independent living in the community. Therefore, since the ratification and entry into force of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2014), efforts to re-evaluate persons with disabilities as "living people with support needs" and to prepare a social support environment have been expanding. In Japan, a super-aging society where the disease structure has shifted to NCD, mortality is not the only outcome measure required for quality evidence-based care. It is necessary to have data to grasp the outcomes considering the viewpoints of service users and the social aspects of care, develop measurement scales, and connect them to the current care system operation. A comprehensive healthcare database can be expected to be constructed by adding Disability Database to EHR/PHR, which is medical big data, to enhance outcome information, and connecting mobile devices to incorporate the perspectives of patients, parties, and families. The main requirements for providing high-quality health, medical, welfare, and long-term care services for the QOL improvement measures of all individuals according to the actual conditions of each region toward the comprehensive community support system that will shift to 2025 will be: The national government needs "(1) collection / disability of failure data / enhancement of comprehensive DB, (2) development of analysis model / human resource development utilizing comprehensive DB," and, what is needed for local governments is "realization of efficient and effective measures to be carried out in collaboration with industry, government, academia and residents based on regional diagnosis utilizing big data such as comprehensive DB." In this way, we will be able to push forward with the promotion of DX through a comprehensive database toward a vibrant and advanced health country that Japan is aiming for in "Healthcare 2035."
Hydrodynamics of braiding river
Authors: Ruey LUO Ching-
Published: July 2021

Braided river reaches and alluvial systems are characterized by their multi-threaded planform and agents of sediment transport due to eroding and deposing to form the bars and riffles. In braided river, frequent sediment transport and the quick shifting of the positions about the river channel induce many attentions discussion and relating a complicated consideration of the combinations of disciplines. In this article we introduce its fundamental characteristics and further the complicated mechanism in the literature and methodologies. The braided channel ecology and the management of braided river are mentioned and discussed, especially, the secondary currents, in this paper we explain in detail, the combinations on multiplying of 2-D flow of the velocity fluctuations. The interdisciplinary approach on linking engineers, earth scientists and social scientists concerned with environmental economics, planning, and societal and political strategies in order to fully evaluate the validity and reliability of different selections to various timescales is really sensitive. Furthermore, the requirements of public education on reinforcing about the mechanism of braided river formation will be obviously important and necessary.
Estrogenic activity in reused water: comparison of concentration methods
Authors: Handam Natasha Berendonk
Published: July 2021

Determining the presence of endocrine disrupting substances in waters is a relevant aspect for monitoring environmental health. Given its relevance, it is important to use methods that can make the total concentration of substances with estrogenic activity (eg endocrine disruptors), being faster, and without the use of compounds that pollute the environment. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the methods of concentration by lyophilization and by vacuum concentration of substances with estrogenic activity present in reused water, using the commonly used methodology, solid phase extraction. Three methods were compared: solid phase extraction, lyophilization, and vacuum centrifugation. Sample aliquots of reused water received 17β-estradiol at a final concentration of 2 μg L-1 and were concentrated by the three methods. The analysis of estrogenic activity was performed by the in vitro YES (Yeast Estrogen Screen) assay. The results showed that the vacuum centrifugation, solid phase extraction and lyophilization methods had different percentages in the recovery of substances with estrogenic activity, being 45%, 40%, and 31%, respectively. The study pointed out that the lyophilization and vacuum centrifugation methods were effective as alternative methods for concentrating samples containing substances with estrogenic activity.
SneakPeek snap: a painless microneedle-based pushbutton device for early fetal sex determination
Authors: Hoang Nina , Milot Haley , Jacob Christopher
Published: July 2021

The advancement of prenatal DNA technology and growing demand for early fetal sex determination have created a need for a simple and easy-to-use blood collection device that eliminates the pain and difficulty individuals encounter when utilizing traditional methods of blood collection such as venipuncture or lancet fingerstick. In this study, Gateway Genomics, the leading provider of fetal sex testing, introduces “SneakPeek Snap”, a novel microneedle-based, self-administered blood collection device that simplifies at-home blood collection for fetal sex testing. Our data confirms that, compared to lancet finger sticks, the SneakPeek Snap device provides users several advantages including significant reduction in perceived pain, greater ease of use, a shorter sample collection time, and a dramatic reduction in risk of sample contamination. Notably, blood samples collected using the Snap device were shown to be highly accurate for fetal sex determination — with an accuracy greater than 99%
Full validation of an ELISA for quantification of antibodies against Haemophilus influenzaetype b capsular polysaccharide
Authors: Perez-Bernal Maylin , Hernandez Carlos , Delgado Magali , Cinza Zurina , Izquierdo Mabel , Figueroa Nelvis , Diaz Pablo , Perez Enrique
Published: July 2021

Since 1981, ELISA methods have been used for the quantification of antibodies against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), but their complete validation has been never reported. This work described the full validation of an ELISA for the quantification of antibodies against Hib capsular polysaccharide, following eleven parameters recommended by European Medicines Agency and FDA guidelines. The method satisfied the acceptance criteria for the required parameters. The use of percent of inhibition and parallelism fulfillment as acceptance criteria for specificity was discussed. This ELISA will be a reliable device for the evaluation of Hib-vaccination efficacious.d
Partial reduction of air pollution in India during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Satya Sree Gonamanda , Venkata Kapilavayi , Ranjitha Basava , Mohan Reddy Boggu Jagan
Published: July 2021

India has been struggling with pollution with the increase in population day by day. In fact, as per the World Economic Forum in February 2020, India became the sixth out of 10 world’s most air-polluted cities. On March 24, 2020. India has declared initially lockdown 1 i.e. 21 days amid the extent of the dangerous Corona Virus (Covid-19), it is the largest lockdown in the world encompassing 130 crores of population. With that several people were at their houses, traffic has been drastically decreased, construction and factories are stopped for a while during this lockdown, foremost to a significant reduction in smog as well as the air pollution. Given that, we have studied the environmental pollution in metropolitan cities of India during the first lockdown. The pollution and smog in the air were dropped drastically in all metro cities because of the lockdown in India
The green bulkhead: a vertical wetland design for urban harbors
Authors: May Peter I , Lagomarsino Matthew , Kangas Patrick
Published: July 2021

In urban harbors there is a reliance on the “gray infrastructure” of armored bulkheads along shorelines. While this form of shoreline technology provides stability and eliminates erosion, it limits shoreline biodiversity and lacks aesthetic value. In this paper, a living shoreline concept, termed the Green Bulkhead, is described and demonstrated. This is a kind of artificial vertical wetland with plants grown in a porous plastic fabric that is draped over the surface of an existing bulkhead. The system is irrigated with water that is pumped from the harbor. Several alternate designs have been tested for different medium types, planting patterns and water pumping regimes. It is proposed that the green bulkhead system can provide limited treatment wetland services in an urban setting where cost-effective water quality management options are minimal. Testing found that high percentages of sediment were retained within the matrix of the different media. The system has aesthetic benefits by “greening” the harbor environment with wetland plants and, because of its vertical orientation, it can be managed adaptively for sea level rise. This work is a report of an on-going ecological engineering project with demonstrations along the Baltimore, Maryland Inner Harbor and the Anacostia Waterfront in Washington, DC.
Study of the seasonality and hydrology as drivers of phytoplankton abundance and composition in a shallow estuary, Weeks Bay, Alabama (USA)
Authors: Novoveská Lucie
Published: July 2021

Small, shallow estuaries can be highly vulnerable to land use changes, eutrophication and habitat loss but are understudied with respect to their larger counterparts. Where they are monitored, the descriptors of their environmental status are typically chlorophyll a as a proxy for phytoplankton abundance and nutrient concentration as a presumed driver of the phytoplankton community. We present data from a shallow estuary, Weeks Bay, Alabama (USA), that demonstrates that chlorophyll a and nutrient concentrations are inadequate descriptors of ecological state. Weeks Bay had relatively high nutrient concentrations (86–169µM total nitrogen and 1.0–5.2µM total phosphorus) and highly variable chlorophyll a concentrations (2.2–160.5μgL-1). The variability in chlorophyll a was most highly correlated with nutrient levels and river discharge. There was no relationship between chlorophyll a and community composition. Two of three maxima in chlorophyll a (> 100 μgL-1) were caused by non-toxic chlorophytes and diatoms; the third was dominated by potentially toxic raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo. The phytoplankton were diverse even at the class level and community composition varied on both annual and inter-annual scales. The best overall descriptor of phytoplankton composition was the annual cycle in temperature, but inter-annual variability was correlated with hydrology. In the winter, dominance by dinoflagellates, including several taxa that form harmful algal blooms, was correlated with low river discharge, low turbidity and high zooplankton numbers, while dominance by diatoms was correlated with high and variable river discharge and high turbidity. In the summer, dominance by cryptophytes versus diatoms was consistent with changes in groundwater discharge. The dominance of harmful algal bloom taxa vs non-toxic ones could not be inferred from chlorophyll a and/or nutrient concentrations.
Seagrass surveys in Shwe Thaung Yan coastal areas, the southern part of Rakhine Coastal Region, Myanmar: biodiversity, coverage and biomass
Authors: Rein Thu-
Published: July 2021

Studies on percent cover and biomass of seagrasses from Shwe Thaung Yan coastal areas (Inn Din Gyi, Kyauk Nagar and Phoe Htaung Gyaing), the Southern parts of Rakhine Coastal Region, were carried out between March and August, 2018. A total of 8 species of seagrasses, namely Syringodiumisoetifolium (Ascherson) Danty, Halodulepinifolia (Miki) den Hartog, Haloduleuninervis (Forsskal) Ascherson, Cymodocearotundata Ehrenberg et Hemprich ex Ascherson, C. serrulata (R. Brown) Ascherson et Magnus, Thalassiahemprichii(Ehrenberg) Ascherson, Halophila major (Zoll.) Miquel and Enhalusacoroides (Linnaeus f.) Royle, were recorded in three study sites. Seagrass meadow in this study showed seasonal variations in both percent cover and biomass. Total seagrass coverage and biomass were higher in the dry season than in the monsoon season. Total seagrass coverage ranged between 8% and 75% in Phoe Htaung Gyaing, between 10% and 42% in Kyauk Nagar, and between 15% and 43% in Inn Din Gyi. Total seagrass mean biomass was 50.2413-259.846gdry.wtm-2 in Phoe Htaung Gyaing, 63.0194 -321.535gdry.wtm-2 in Kyauk Nagar, and 98.6819-416.237gdry.wtm-2 in Inn Din Gyi.
Study on morphological characters of some mangrove plants in South-eastern Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar
Authors: Myint Kyi Kyi
Published: July 2021

A study on the mangrvoe plants in Pyapon Township, Ayeyarwady Region, South-eastern Ayeyarwady Delta (between Lat. 94˚30′ and 95˚45′ North and between Long. 15˚30′ and 16˚25′ East), Myanmar was conducted within the period of March 2016 to February 2017. A total of 18 species of mangroves plants were recorded in the natural mangrove areas. In the present study, the taxonomic descriptions of mangrove plants were presented.
Diversity and distribution of true mangroves in Myeik coastal areas, Myanmar
Authors: Win Tin-Zar-Ni
Published: July 2021

A total of 21 species of true mangroves, namely Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, B. sexangula, B. cylindrica, B. parviflora, Ceriopstagal, C. decandra, Avicennia alba, A. officinalis, A. marina, Xylocarpus granatum Heritiera fomes, X. moluccensis, Sonneratia alba, S. graffithii, Heritiera forms, H. littoralis, Aegialitis rotundifolia, Aegiceras corniculatum, Excoecaria agallocha and Nypa fruticans were recorded from five study sites; Kapa, Masanpa, Panadoung, Kywekayan and Kyaukphyar in Myeik area from December 2017 to July 2018. Among these, 2 species were Near Threatened (NT), 1 species was Critically Endangered (CR) and 1 species was Endangered (EN) under the IUCN Red List. Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata,Avicennia officinalis, Sonneratia alba, Aegiceras corniculatum, and Nypa fruticans were distributed in all 5 study sites whereas Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera littoralis are rarely found only in one study site. Kapa was designated as an area of the most abundant species composition representing 17 species, whereas Kyaukphyar representing 12 species as the least composition. The mangrove area in Kyaukphyar is the most degraded area among the study sites, due to urban development and industrialization. The environmental parameters such as salinity and temperature of seawater, and temperature and pH of soils of each study site were presented.
Species composition and distribution of some phytoplankton in Myeik Archipelago, Southern Myanmar
Authors: Htay Yin Yin
Published: July 2021

The species composition and distribution of some phytoplankton, the primary producer in the food chain of fish and shrimp, was studied from water samples that collected at surface layer of 20 stations in the Myeik Archipelago, Southern Myanmar from 2010 to 2018. A total of 144 species comprised of 123 species of diatoms and 21 species of dinoflagellate were recorded in the Myeik Archipelago. Among them, the most number 93 species of phytoplankton was recorded in Done Pale Aw Station however the lowest 26 species found in Le' Al' Thal Tan Station. The common representative species were ten diatoms species such as Chaetoceros curvisetus, Ditylum sol, Lauderia annulata, Nitzschia longissima, Odotella sinensis, Pleurosigma normanii, Pseudo Nitzschia seriata, Rhizosolenia setigera, Thalassionema nitzschioides and T. frauenfeldii and then one of dinoflagellate, Ceratium furca. Moreover, the percentage of diatom (87%) was higher than the dinoflagellate (13%) during the study period. The temperature 25-30°C and salinity 4-34‰ was found in the Myeik Archipelago during the study period.
The use of liquid vermicompost microcapsules as a complement in food for juvenile white shrimp
Authors: Quiroz Gerardo Rodríguez
Published: July 2021

Organic acids, worms, and other high protein substances, containing most of the essential amino acids, have been proven to bean excellent food additive for fish and in aquaculture, especially for shrimp culture. The worm Eisenia foetida and vermicompost sub products have been used as a protein source because of their high protein content, between 50 and 67%; they have been included in experimental aquatic feeds, but their use is less known in shrimp culture and has not been tested as a food complement for shrimps. In this study, we added microcapsules with liquid vermicompost as a natural immune enhancer to stimulate disease resistance in shrimp, but they were used also as a complement in shrimp food to observe their survival and growth. Ground commercial shrimp food (CSF) with 40% protein was added to each of eight treatments as follows: A2:CSF+2% of cow manure microencapsulated liquid vermicompost (CMMLV); A3:CSF+3% of CMMLV; A5:CSF+5% of CMMLV; V2:CSF+2% cafeteria wastes microencapsulated liquid vermicompost (CWMLV); V3: CSF+3% CWMLV; V5: CSF+5% CWMLV; CNE:CSF + microencapsulated distilled water, and CN: CSF alone. Initial and average weight gain did not depict statistically significant differences among treatments, but there were significant differences in the specific growth rate and survival. The use of liquid vermicompost resulted in a plausible option to enhance shrimp nutrition. Further studies must be done to test how much shrimps can grow in a longer period and whether this additive can be an option to prevent shrimp diseases.
Performance of marron (Cheraxcainii) origin probiotic Bacillus mycoides in earthen commercial marron ponds
Authors: Ambas Irfan
Published: July 2021

The present study evaluated the performance of marron (Cheraxcainii) origin probiotic Bacillus mycoides post laboratory scale trials by measuring total haemocyte counts (THC),hepatosomatic indices (HSi), intestinal bacteria population, gluthathionine peroxide (GPx) enzyme activity, and survival rate (SR)of marron. The probiotic was supplemented to a commercial marron feed (used as basal diet) at 108CFU/mL and given to marron during eleven months feeding trial using a commercial marron ponds (10x15m2). The ponds were stock with marron juveniles at 3000/pond. The probiotic feed was prepared weekly to ensure its freshness and viability, then kept in refrigerator before using. The results suggested the THC, His andthe intestinal bacteria population of marronfed probiotic supplemented diet were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to THC, HSi and intestinal bacteria population of basal diet fed marron both on day 90th and day 160th.The GPx enzyme activity was detected also significantly higher (P<0.05) in marron fed with the probiotic diet both on day 90th and termination of the feeding trial.At termination of the trial, survival ofmarron fed a diet supplemented probiotic was significantly higher (74.80±2.52%) than that of marron fed a basal diet(66.15±6.33%). In brief, the customized marron origin probiotic B. mycoides worked effectively in vivo (commercial marron ponds) as indicated by a significant improvement of marron immunity and health status (THC, GPx enzyme activity, intestinal bacteria population and HSi) which in turn enhanced survival rates when compared to basal diet fed marron.
Nitrogen and phosphorus loading values in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming system in marine floating cage in the Southern Caspian Sea
Authors: Darzi Golaghaei
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the loaded amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the Rainbow trout farming system in the floating cage in the south of the Caspian Sea in 2018-2019. Two weight groups of fish (Group 1: 120g; Group 2: 300g) with 30,000 pieces were introduced to each floating cage. The offshore farm had three cages for group 1 (G1) and two cages for group 2 (G2). The fish culture period was 165 days and started in December and ended in May. At the end of the fish farming period, in groups 1 (G1) and 2 (G2), the weights were 780grams and 1450grams, respectively. The fish feed was semi-submerged extruded. The feed conversion ratio for G1 and G2 was determined 1.1 and 1, respectively. Fish survival rate was 95%. The consumption of fish feed in G1 and G2 was 21 tons and 33 tons, respectively in each cage. The N content of the feed was 6.4% and the amount of feed P was 1.25%. The amount of N and P in dry fish was 10% and 3.2%, respectively. The amount of N and P loaded per 21ton and 33ton of fish feed in G1 and G2 was 873.75 and 1292.6 kg N and 112.02 and 150.3kg P respectively. Also, the percentage of N and P in fish feed loaded in G1 and G2 was 65 and 61.2% N and 42.4 and 36.4% P, respectively. Therefore, in this marine farm, with the production of 149.34 tons of Rainbow trout, 5206.45kg N and 636.66kg P were loaded in the environment around the cage. These data are representing average conditions.
Mandible: evaluation of its morphology, aging process and sexual dimorphism for aesthetic treatment purpose
Authors: Toledo Avelar Luiz Eduardo
Published: July 2021

The mandible is the most important bone structure of the facial makeup. Its morphology differs with respect to genetic factors, sexual dimorphism, and age. Among its particular characteristics is the ability to adapt with its counterpart, the base of the skull, conferring a dynamic quality of this bone, by the mechanism of constant remodeling. In order to understand the involvement of the mandible in the evaluation of the lower third of the face, a fractional analysis of its parts is necessary considering morphological parameters of the mandibular angle. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of the mandible as an instrument in the analysis of the lower third of the face, allowing the accomplishment of aesthetic treatment, respecting the individual characteristics.
Diabetes and sesame: an insight about the benefits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in curing diabetes
Authors: Saleem Hina , Sadaqat Hafeez Ahmad , Razzaq Humera
Published: July 2021

Diabetes in present era has become global as a lot of people are suffering from it including children. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that 347 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, with about 3.4 million people dying in 2004 due to consequences of high fasting blood glucose. Diabetes killed 1.6 million people in 2018, up from less than 1 million in 2000 (WHO, 2018). It is predicted that in 2030, the seventh driving reason for death comprehensively will be diabetes. Diabetes can prompt an assortment of difficulties, including cardiovascular maladies, for example, coronary illness, vascular infection, cerebrovascular sickness, and numerous sorts of visual ailment, for example, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropath Sesame has for some time been viewed as a valuable herb. Impacts of sesame in lessening glycemia and improving the diabetes status and its entanglements have for some time been illustrated. In any case, barely any reports propose that sesame can help in improving cardiovascular inconveniences in diabetic patients, and along these lines requires further research.
Diabetes telemedicine clinic implementation during the COVID-19 virus outbreak in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sheshah Eman , Kelis Khalid , Abdulwahid Najim , Alswaied Nahla , Aman Reem , Alghamdi Mohammed , Hassanien Rabab , Abbas Amira , Fathy Lamiaa , Aldokhail Abdulaziz , Alzahrany Abdulaziz , Alokail Jawaher , Al-Qaisi Dalal , Basha Amira , Aldekhayel Ghassan , Azizi Amal
Published: July 2021

Background: Saudi Arabia implemented a nationwide lockdown to slow the spread of the COVID-19 after a global pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization. Diabetes patients are one of the most vulnerable chronic illness groups to the complications of COVID-19 virus, thus the necessary to implement a tele-medicine clinic during the lockdown. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study, the study was done during the period from October to December 2020. We used convenience sampling to select participants who attended the clinics of the Diabetes Care Center at King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 375 patients participated in the study. Results: The study included 375 participants around 60% were female participants. The age of almost one-third of them (33.9%) ranged between 51 and 60 years. Most of the participants were type 2 diabetic patients (85.3%), and lived in Riyadh city (97.6%). Vast majority of participants (99.5%) were follow-up patients and reported telemedicine visit by physicians (98.9%). Patients’ satisfaction questions showed that majority of the participants either strongly agreed or agreed with the statements that they were satisfied with the quality of the audio during the virtual visit (92%), use of telemedicine was essential in maintaining health during the COVID-19 outbreak (90.1%), the quality of the medical care provided during the virtual visit (88.3%), the clarity of the management plan discussed with the heath care practitioner during the virtual visit (87.7%), the tele-medicine visit was as good as a regular in person visit (81.5%). Also, majority of the participants recommend making diabetes tele-medicine clinic as an available option for patients with diabetes after the COVID-19 outbreak is over (81.5%). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has urged the transition from in person clinical visits to tele-medicine clinics and showed that it is feasible and effective to have the option of tele-medicine for diabetes clinics in Saudi Arabia. The majority of diabetic patients reported high levels of satisfaction with the tele-medicine clinic.
Forbes albright syndrome: galactorrhea–amenorrhea associated with a pituitary tumour: a case report
Authors: Chatterjee Rupak , Halder Prantiki , Mallik Sudeshna , Saha Bibhuti
Published: July 2021

Forbes Albright syndrome is a hyperprolactinemia syndrome characterised by galactorrhea and amenorrhea associated with a pituitary tumour. Here we report a case of 30 years female who was admitted with menstrual irregularities for 4 months, galatorrhea and headache with recurrent episodes of loss of consciousness for 3months. Her serum prolactin level was highly raised. MRI brain (plain plus contrast) showed enlarged pituitary gland- pituitary macroadenoma. She was diagnosed as a case of Forbes Albright Syndrome and was treated with Tablet Cabergoline. With the medication, size of her tumour markedly reduced and symptoms resolved as she was followed up after 3 months.
Spontaneous pneumothorax in a newborn case report: original image, treatment process and follow-up
Authors: Nezir Engin Muhammet Mesut , AK Gülden , Kılıçaslan Önder
Published: July 2021

Pneumothorax is a condition where there is free air between the parietal and visceral pleural leaves within the thoracic cavity. She was born with a cesarean section of 2780grams in 38th gestational week. As the patient had tachypnea and intercostal retractions, he was hospitalized in another hospital and started treatment. On the second day of hospitalization, pneumothorax was seen on the posterior anterior chest radiograph and he was referred to us. When the patient came to our clinic, his general condition was poor, tachypnea, intercostal withdrawal and groan breathing were present. When the patient had low saturation, he was intubated and connected to a mechanical ventilator. The chest tube was placement and free drainage was performed. She was discharged on the 9th day of his hospitalization because of his good general condition, improved laboratory findings and no additional difficulties. Spontaneous pneumothorax should be considered in the presence of sudden respiratory distress in the newborn period. Patients diagnosed with pneumothorax should be immediately chest tube placement, patients with respiratory distress should be evaluated and given supportive treatment.
Cervical spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulae presenting as compressive myelopathy
Authors: S Ganapathy , A Ullas , P Pandey
Published: July 2021

Epidural Arterio-venous fistulae (EDAVF) are rare. They occur as abnormal Arterio-Venous or Capillary communications arising from major arteries of the neck or viscera and anastomose with intracranial venous sinuses or intradural spinal venous plexi, thereby short-circuiting the blood flow pathway and causing sudden and sustained venous hypertension. The retrograde flow results in venous bleeds, which may range from small petechiae on the cortical surface to major venous bleeds resulting in severe disability and even death. The shift of blood flow also can result in a steal phenomenon, serious enough to cause infarcts. Mechanical compression of the spinal cord remains thankfully the commonest symptom and is caused by the high flow fistulae leading to medullary and radicular symptoms, especially in conjunction with neurofibromatosis 1. Proper Identification and management depend on understanding the pathology, location and flow dynamics of the fistula. We present our experience with a large cervical epidural fistula with a review of literature and analysis of management protocols.
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma associated with hyperproteinorrhachia, presented with vp shunt malfunction: a rare clinical entity
Authors: Ahmed Nazmin , Alam Shamsul , Islam KM Taikul , Haque Moududul , Ahsan Md Ashik , chaurasia Bipin
Published: July 2021

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are WHO grade I tumors, most frequently associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). TSC sometimes also called Bourneville’s disease is a neurocutaneous disorder characterized by hamartoma of many organs like skin, brain, eye and kidneys. In this report, we illustrate the case of SEGA with hydrocephalus, who presented with features of raised intracranial pressure, along with shunt malfunction due to shunt valve blockage with proteinaceous material. Patient underwent interhemispheric transcallosal approach and complete removal of tumor followed by ventriculo- atrial shunt and achieved favourable outcome.
A case of pseudotumor cerebri secondary to acute leukemia
Authors: Demir Turgay , Koc Filiz , Erdoğan Seyda
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a rare clinical condition in which an increase in intracranial pressure is seen without a lesion in the head. The association of IIH with haematological malignencies is not well known. Case: We present 19-year-old male with frequent episodes of headache that lasted up to 24 hours, localized to the bilateral temporal region accompanied with nausea and vomiting for two months. On the neurological exam, the lateral gaze was slightly restricted. Ophthalmological exam revealed bilateral papilledema, which was more pronounced on the right. Bilateral concentric constriction, more pronounced on the right , was observed on the computerized visual field exam. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed swelling in the optic nerve sheats, rather than on the right. In the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the opening pressure was 370 mmH2 Cytological examination of the CSF showed atypical lymphoid cells. The patient was diagnosed as precursor lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Conclusion: Acute leukemia–induced clinical IIH has not been reported in the literature up to now, and the present case study will contribute to the literature in this regard. This phenomenon will be noteworthy for clinicians who encounter high CSF opening pressure, abnormal CSF biochemistry, and substantial cytology in cases presenting with clinical IIH.
The features of the manifestations of psycho-vegetative disorders in children and adolescents
Authors: Severnyy AA
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study. Establishing features of the manifestations of psycho-vegetative disorders in children and adolescents throughout a long observation. Material and methods. In the pediatric hospital, 102 patients with functional vegetative-somatic disorders with follow-up from 3 to 17 years were examined. The study used clinical-psychopathological, clinical-follow-up, cohort-dynamic methods. Results and conclusion. Functional vegetative-somatic pathology in children and adolescents proceeds in the form of a psycho-vegetative syndrome. At the manifestation stage in preschool childhood, the psychopathological component is “masked” in nature and later becomes more complex in the clinical picture. In adolescence, the vegetative-somatic symptoms are smoothed out, while the psychopathological component determines the clinical picture with the subsequent possible «normalization» of the condition. The use of psychopharmacological therapy allows to correct psychopathological disorders and control the vegetative-somatic symptoms.