bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty quantification and stochastic polynomial chaos expansion for recovering random data in Darcy and Diffusion equations
Authors: Shalimova Irina A. , Sabelfeld Karl K. , Dulzon Olga V.
Published: March 2017

A probabilistic collocation based polynomial chaos expansion method is developed to solve stochastic boundary value problems with random coefficients and randomly distributed initial data.
In this paper we deal with two different boundary value problems with random data:
the Darcy equation with random lognormally distributed hydraulic conductivity, and a diffusion equation with absorption, with random distribution of the initial concentration under periodic boundary conditions.
Special attention is paid to the extension of the probabilistic collocation method to input data with arbitrary correlation functions defined both analytically and through measurements.
We construct the relevant Karhunen–Loève expansion from a special randomized singular value decomposition of the correlation matrix, which makes possible to treat problems of high dimension.
We show that the unknown statistical characteristics of the random input data can be recovered from the correlation analysis of the solution field.
Partial inverse problems for the Sturm–Liouville operator on a star-shaped graph with mixed boundary conditions
Authors: Bondarenko Natalia Pavlovna
Published: March 2017

The Sturm–Liouville operator on a star-shaped graph with different types of boundary conditions (Robin and Dirichlet) in different vertices is studied. Asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues are derived and partial inverse problems are solved: we show that the potential on one edge can be uniquely determined by different parts of the spectrum if the potentials on the other edges are known. We provide a constructive method for the solution of the inverse problems, based on the Riesz basis property of some systems of vector functions.
Channel Capacity and BER Estimation of Indoor Optical Wireless Communication System Under Receiver Mobility
Authors: Sharma Ram , Aggarwal Mona , Ahuja Swaran
Published: March 2017

The existing radio frequency technologies face the bandwidth limitation due to the increase in the number of devices being used inside the indoor environment. though, the backbone networks are capable of carrying a large amount of data to the tune of several hundreds of gigabits per second, the last mile techniques, especially the indoor connectivity, continue to pose a challenge in terms of handling large data capacity. The indoor optical wireless communication could be one such promising technology that is potentially capable of handling large amount of data transmission within the indoor environment. The receiver mobility may largely affect the key communication parameters which undergo spatial variations. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate several parameters especially the channel capacity, bit error rate, received pulse power, pulse delay spread and signal-to-noise ratio pertaining to receiver mobility.
Response of alternative splice isoforms of OsRad9 gene from Oryza sativa to environmental stress
Authors: Li Rui , Wang Wenguo , Li Fosheng , Wang Qingwei , Wang Shenghua , Xu Ying , Chen Fang
Published: March 2017

Rad9 protein plays an important role in cell-cycle checkpoint signal transduction in human and yeast cells, but knowledge about Rad9 in plants is limited. This study reports that the Rad9 gene of rice can generate the transcript products OsRad9.1 and OsRad9.2 through alternative splicing. OsRad9.1, with all nine exons, is the main cell-cycle checkpoint protein involved in the response of rice to genotoxic stresses (ultraviolet radiation and antibiotic stress), environmental stresses (drought, salt, and heavy metal stress), and auxin stimuli (2,4-D, IAA, and IBA). Meanwhile, transcript isoform OsRad9.2, which lost exon7 and exon8, showed different preferential stimulation effects on these stresses and pollen development duration. These results might indicat that besides the monitoring and repair of DNA damage, Rad9 might involve in the development of pollen.
Can Neck Strength be Measured Using a Single Maximal Contraction in a Simulated Contact Position?
Authors: Salmon Danielle M. , Handcock Phil J. , Sullivan Stephen John , Rehrer Nancy J. , Niven Brian E.
Published: March 2017

Salmon, DM, Handcock, PJ, Sullivan, SJ, Rehrer, NJ, and Niven, BE. Can neck strength be measured using a single maximal contraction in a simulated contact position? J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2166–2173, 2018—Neck strengthening has been postulated to potentially reduce the incidence and severity of concussions and neck injuries in collision-based sports. A quick and reliable method to assess neck strength would permit identification of those at risk and tracking of progress after injury. The purpose of this study was to determine if neck strength could be reliably assessed in a simulated contact posture using a single maximal contraction. During a single session, 30 healthy male university students performed 3 maximal voluntary contractions of the neck musculature in each of the following directions: extension (Ext), flexion (Flx), left lateral flexion (LtFlx), and right lateral flexion (RtFlx). To evaluate the reliability of these measures, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated. The findings revealed a significant effect for direction (p < 0.01), where Ext (234.8 N) tested stronger than Flx (141.0 N), LtFlx (134.5 N), and RtFlx (123.0 N). In addition, Flx tested stronger than RtFlx (p = 0.03). No other differences were observed between LtFlx and RtFlx. When the combined mean values of the trials (1: 151.6 N, 2: 160.0 N, 3: 163.5 N) and the interaction contrast were compared, these were not significant (p = 0.08–1.0), indicating no changes in peak force occurred over the 3 trials. The ICC values for Ext, RtFlx, and LtFlx were all “excellent” (0.91–0.94), whereas Flx demonstrated “good” reliability (0.86). In a simulated contact posture, a reliable measure of peak force was obtained using a single maximal contraction. This may have practical applications for the quick and reliable assessment of contact sport athletes in a position that has functional relevance to their sports.
Comparison of Circumference Measures and Height–Weight Tables With Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Assessment of Body Composition in R.O.T.C. Cadets
Authors: Mitchell Katherine M. , Pritchett Robert C. , Gee David L. , Pritchett Kelly L.
Published: March 2017

Mitchell, KM, Pritchett, RC, Gee, DL, and Pritchett, KL. Comparison of circumference measures and height–weight tables with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessment of body composition in R.O.T.C. cadets. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2552–2556, 2017—Height–weight tables and circumference measures are used by the U.S. Army to predict body composition because they require little equipment or expertise. However, agreement between the Army's new 2002 circumference equation and an established laboratory technique has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to quantify agreement in body fat percentages between the Army's circumference measures (taping) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); second to determine categorical agreement between height–weight tables and DXA. Male Reserve Officer Training Corps (R.O.T.C.) cadets (N = 23; 20.6 ± 1.6 years, 179.1 ± 6.6 cm; 81.4 ± 10.3 kg) were taped according to Army protocol to predict body fat. The % body fat prediction was compared with DXA through a Bland-Altman Plot with ±2–4% body fat established as a zone of agreement (ZOA). Thirteen out of 23 cadets fell outside the ZOA. No cadet was over the compliance threshold (20–22% fat) using the tape method, however, with DXA, 7 out of 23 cadets were noncompliant. Height–weight tables provided a moderate level of categorical agreement with DXA. The results depict poor agreement between taping and DXA, as taping generally underestimated % body fat. Compared with taping, height–weight tables were better able to identify excess fat weight.
Urine Culture Follow-up and Antimicrobial Stewardship in a Pediatric Urgent Care Network
Authors: Saha Dipanwita , Patel Jimisha , Buckingham Don , Thornton David , Barber Terry , Watson Joshua R.
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Empiric antibiotic therapy for presumed urinary tract infection (UTI) leads to unnecessary antibiotic exposure in many children whose urine culture results fail to confirm the diagnosis. The objective of this quality improvement study was to improve follow-up management of negative urine culture results in the off-campus urgent care network of Nationwide Children’s Hospital to reduce inappropriate antibiotic exposure in children.

METHODS:

A multidisciplinary task force developed and implemented a protocol for routine nurse and clinician follow-up of urine culture results, discontinuation of unnecessary antibiotics, and documentation in the electronic medical record. Monthly antibiotic discontinuation rates were tracked in empirically treated patients with negative urine culture results from July 2013 through December 2015. Statistical process control methods were used to track improvement over time. Fourteen-day return visits for UTIs were monitored as a balancing measure.

RESULTS:

During the study period, 910 patients received empiric antibiotic therapy for UTIs but had a negative urine culture result. The antibiotic discontinuation rate increased from 4% to 84%, avoiding 3429 (40%) of 8648 antibiotic days prescribed. Among patients with discontinued antibiotics, none was diagnosed with a UTI within 14 days of the initial urgent care encounter.

CONCLUSIONS:

Implementation of a standard protocol for urine culture follow-up and discontinuation of unnecessary antibiotics was both effective and safe in a high-volume pediatric urgent care network. Urine culture follow-up management is an essential opportunity for improved antimicrobial stewardship in the outpatient setting that will affect many patients by avoiding a substantial number of antibiotic days.
HEMATOLOGIS BEBERAPA SPESIES IKAN LAUT BUDI DAYA
Authors: Johnny Fris , Zafran Zafran , Roza Des , Mahardika Ketut
Published: March 2017

Suatu percobaan dengan tujuan mendapatkan keragaan hematologis beberapa jenis ikan laut budi daya telah dilakukan. lkan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos Forskal), kakap putih (Lafes calcarifer), napoleon (Cheilinus undulates), kerapu lumpur (Epinephelus coioides), kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttafus), dan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis).
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ATIVIDADE FÍSICA NA GESTAÇÃO
Authors: Shima Hisako
Published: March 2017

A autora faz uma revisão dos estudos que exploram os efeitos da atividade física durante a gestação sobre o binômio mãe-filho. Diante dos dados existentes, bastante controversos, questiona a tendência atual de estimular atividades físicas mais vigorosas na gravidez.
ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO DA EQUIPE DE SAÚDE E PACIENTE
Authors: Carvalho Emilia Campos de
Published: March 2017

A presente análise visa considerar a ideologia institucional como possível mantenedora da forma discursiva existente entre membros da equipe de saúde e pacientes. Retrata recortes discursivos de elementos da equipe Médica e de Enfermagem e pacientes oncológicos internados, em distintas situações interacionais: visitas clínicas, orientação, passagem de plantão e outros. Encontrou-se que: a equipe decide se inclui ou não o paciente na conversação, independente de sua presença física; há assimetria nesta relação; há "apagamento" do paciente. Conclui-se que a força institucional existente mantém esta forma discursiva e dificulta mudanças nas relações interacionais entre estes elementos.
O PREPARO PARA O AUTOCUIDADO DO CLIENTE DIABÉTICO E FAMILIA
Authors: Luce Margareta , Padilha María Itayra , Almeida Regina Lucia Valiatti de , Silva Mariangélica Oliveira da
Published: March 2017

Relato parcial, quanti-qualitativo, de pesquisa-ação realizada em unidade de internação piloto/ambulatório de hospital de ensino, extensivo a moradia. Com o objetivo de estabelecer modelos de integração hospital/comunidade, visando o individuo na unidade familiar, face à recuperação/reabilitação e integração ao trabalho/sociedade, considerando os problemas da moradia/trabalho e aplicando a proposição do SUDS na extensão das ações hospitalares a comunidade. Visitas domiciliares levantam as condições da moradia, consolidando a participação familiar no processo. Durante a internação os cuidados de enfermagem realizados são orientados, conduzindo à participação e à realização destes, pelo cliente e familiares.
O TRABALHO DO ENFERMEIRO DE CENTRO CIRÚRGICO NO BRASIL (DÉCADA DE 80)
Authors: Castellanos Brigitta Elza Pfeiffer
Published: March 2017

A partir da visão materialista-histórico e dialética do trabalho da Enfermagem como uma prática social inserida no modo de produção y capitalista brasileiro desta década de 80, este estudo, pela decomposição do trabalho do enfermeiro de centro cirúrgico em seus três elementos essenciais procurou apontar para a necessidade da compreensão não somente destes três elementos mas, principalmente, para o entendimento de suas relações super-estruturais mediadas pelo modo de produção brasileiro no sentido de, por meio desta praxis reflexiva, buscar uma síntese, entre o que tenho (o que é o trabalho do enfermeiro de centro cirúrgico) e o que quero, síntese esta que possibilite uma nova prática.
A ENFERMAGEM E A PESQUISA NO BRASIL
Authors: Cianciarullo Tamara Iwanow , Salzano Sonia Delia Torre
Published: March 2017

A enfermagem brasileira em relação à pesquisa apresenta uma evolução acentuada nos últimos anos, com um saldo quantitativo na última década. Os pesquisadores brasileiros localizam-se na sua maioria na categoria docente e na região sudeste do Brasil. Existem oito Centros universitários de estudos em nível de pós-graduação, com inúmeras áreas de concentração nos cursos de mestrado. Os cursos de doutorado localizam-se todos na região sudeste. Existem recursos disponíveis em agências financiadoras de pesquisas para a enfermagem, porém a demanda ainda é incipiente. A Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem tem procurado implementar medidas que visam o desenvolvimento das pesquisas na área da enfermagem.
MUDANÇAS NO PERFIL DO ESTUDANTE DA ESCOLA DE ENFERMAGEM DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO EM QUINZE ANOS - 1973 A 1988
Authors: Nakamae Djair Daniel
Published: March 2017

A autora busca descrever as características sócio-econômicas e culturais do universitário de enfermagem em cinco levantamentos, entre 1973 a 1988, para detectar mudanças no perfil.
ESTUDO DESCRITIVO SOBRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DEFINIDORAS DO DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENFERMAGEM: DISFUNÇÃO SEXUAL
Authors: Cruz Isabel Cristina Fonseca da , Bergamasco Roselena Bazilli , Belli Maria Aparecida de Jesus , Saito Emilia , Hoga Luiza Akiko Komura , Martins Rita de Cássia Tapié , Florentino Lucia Cristina , Silva Isília Aparecida
Published: March 2017

As características do diagnóstico de enfermagem de disfunção sexual foram obtidas por meio da análise de 96 históricos, entre 450, cadastrados no Núcleo de Assistência ao Autocuidado da Mulher (NAAM). As 9 características definidoras propostas pela North American Nursing Diagnoses Association (NANDA) foram utilizadas como referencial para a coleta de dados. As características mais freqüentes foram: falta de desejo sexual (71.9%), cor-rimento (64.5%) e dor (44.8%). Conclui-se que das nove, seis características definidoras não apareceram; que a falta de desejo e o corrimento podem ser considerados como características menores (freqüência entre 50 e 70%) para a difunção sexual em mulheres. Recomenda-se a realização de novos estudos junto a clientela e seus parceiros para clarificar a presença das demais características não detectadas.
ASPECTOS ERGONÔMICOS E POSTURAIS EM CENTRO DE MATERIAL
Authors: Alexandre Neusa Maria Cosía , Moraes Marco Antonio Alves de , Mahayri Nazira , Cunha Sylvia Helena Ferreira da
Published: March 2017

Determinados fatores ambientais inadequados podem provocar lesões na coluna vertebral. Este trabalho discute certos aspectos ergonômicos e posturais específicos em Centro de Material com o objetivo de desenvolver uma consciência crítica a respeito dos efeitos do local de trabalho sobre a saúde.
A ALTA DO PACIENTE CIRÚRGICO NO CONTEXTO DO SISTEMA DE SAÚDE
Authors: Aguillar Olga Maimoni , Angerami Emília Luigia Saporiti
Published: March 2017

Partindo-se da premissa de que o paciente cirúrgico e a sua família, têm assumido a responsabilidade do seu cuidado após a alta hospitalar é que propusemos o presente trabalho. Tivemos como objetivos, estudar os problemas apresentados pelos pacientes cirúrgicos relativos à alta hospitalar e conhecer o processo de atendimento a estas pessoas no contexto do sistema de saúde. Participaram do estudo pacientes que foram submetidos à cirurgia eletiva de médio porte, no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto— USP, no primeiro semestre de 1989. Através de visitas domiciliárias, foram entrevistados 50 pacientes sendo que destes, 42 do sexo feminino e 08 de sexo masculino, das diversas especialidades cirúrgicas. A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma descritiva e tendo como base o referencial teórico de Lalonde, que vê a saúde como resultante de um processo dinâmico de integração do indivíduo com o seu meio ambiente. Dessa forma, chegou-se a algumas conclusões a respeito do grupo estudado. Concluiu-se o estudo apresentando sugestões, abordando aspectos de administração de saúde e de assistência de enfermagem.
PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE E PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS: RESPONSABILIDADE INDIVIDUAL OU RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Pereira Rosane Carrion Jacinto
Published: March 2017

No presente artigo aborda-se alguns pressupostos teóricos que têm norteado a promoção da saúde. Alguns questionamentos são apontados quanto as intervenções profissionais que preconizam a promoção da saúde como responsabilidade individual Sugere-se o enfoque em que as mudanças sociais sejam alcançadas através da conscientização profissional quanto aos aspectos sociais, políticos, econômicos e comportamentais que exercem influência na saúde da população e a incorporação dos mesmos na interação enfermeira(o)-cliente.
DESENVOLVENDO UM PROCESSO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM: PRESSUPOSTOS E MÉTODOS DE ENSINO DA DISCIPLINA ENFERMAGEM PREVENTIVA E COMUNITÁRIA DO CURSO DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Fonseca Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da , Bertolozzi Maria Rita , Chiesa Anna Maria , Greco Rosangela Maria , Egry Emiko Yoshikawa , Oliveira Maria Amélia Campos
Published: March 2017

O trabalho relata um processo ensino-aprendizagem guiado pelos pressupostos de dinamicidade, historicidade, participação e horizonte. Esse processo tem sido desenvolvido pela Disciplina Enfermagem Preventiva e Comunitária da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo. São descritos os objetivos, métodos e estratégias de condução do processo ensino-aprendizagem Tal processo articula-se a Projeto de Integração Docente-Assistencial que envolve a Escola de Enfermagem e a Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo. Trata-se de tuna experiência que se tem revelado valiosa tanto para os professores como para os alunos da disciplina e que tem permitido tuna maior aproximação com os trabalhadores das Unidades Básicas de Saúde.
Recuperação e reutilização do carbonato de propileno empregado no processo de extração de poli(3-hidroxibutirato)
Authors: Quines Luci Kelin de Menezes , Schmidt Melodi , Zanfonato Kellen , Martinhago Francielli Manenti , Schmidell Willibaldo , Aragão Gláucia Maria Falcão de
Published: March 2017

Resumo A extração de poli(3-hidroxibutirato) (P(3HB)) com a utilização de solventes tóxicos e voláteis é contraditória à ideia do emprego destes biopolímeros para minimizar as agressões ambientais causadas pelos polímeros petroquímicos. O carbonato de propileno (CP) possui baixa toxicidade e alto ponto de ebulição, o que garante baixo risco de perdas por evaporação e alto rendimento de recuperação, podendo assim ser reutilizado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da reutilização do CP, recuperado do processo de extração de P(3HB) produzido por Cupriavidus necator, no rendimento e pureza do biopolímero e avaliar as perdas de solvente durante as etapas do processo de extração. Verificou-se a possibilidade de recuperar 80% do CP ao longo do processo. O solvente recuperado foi reutilizado onze vezes sem perder sua eficiência no rendimento e na pureza do produto. Desta forma, o presente estudo propõe a reutilização do CP, no processo de extração de P(3HB), contribuindo assim para a redução dos custos de produção deste biopolímero.
CAN GENETIC VARIATIONS IN THE DEPLETION PROCESS OF STARCH STOCKS BE DRIVING CONTEMPORARY MICROEVOLUTION IN Toona ciliata VAR. australis?
Authors: Abreu Junior Aureo Aparecido , Rosado Sebastião Carlos da Silva
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT A simple method to establish a relationship between physiological responses of plants and thermal stresses is by quantifying the number of parenchyma cells with remaining starch stocks. The knowledge of the dynamic of starch depletion can be achieved by using statistical models such as thermal performance curves (TPC). The aim of this study was to quantify radial parenchyma cells with remaining starch stocks in order to evaluate changes in TPC regarding increases in temperature over seedlings of Toona ciliata (Australian Red cedar), in different heat induced treatments of matching both exposure time and temperature; besides of the assessment of variations in the TPC’s and also to understand whether these changes are over genetic control. We used a protocol of heat induced treatment in the stems of the seedlings, anatomical cuts and staining with neutral red for the commercial clone BV1120, which was used as template to fit polynomial curves of TPC. After these mathematical fits and validation of these models with lignotubers of Eucalyptus urophylla, we defined a depletion time of 50% (TD50) from the starch stocks for each thermal treatment, so we could compare the performance for the others five commercial clones: BV1110, BV1121, BV1151, BV1210 and BV1321. The R2 values were all above 85%. Results indicated that clone BV1110 had the highest value for remaining starch stocks at all heat induced treatments, in contrast to the clone BV1210, which had the lowest values for remaining starch stocks. The variation of the starch content indicates high values of broad-sense heritability, ranging from 97,43 to 98,48%, suggesting a possible contemporary microevolution process undergoing in Australian Red cedar. Thus, further selections can help improving the tolerance of Australian Red cedar to increasing temperatures on the environment.
ENERGY ESTIMATE AND CARBON STOCK IN SHORT-ROTATION EUCALYPTUS STANDS
Authors: Magnago Letícia Mayara , Arantes Marina Donária Chaves , Vidaurre Graziela Baptista , Moulin Jordão Cabral , Trugilho Paulo Fernando
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT The use of biomass as an alternative energy source has been gaining attention because of its energy characteristics and environmental contribution and because it is renewable in short production periods. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biomass production and carbon sequestration of eucalyptus grown under different conditions. The basic density of the wood, stem volume with and without bark and dry biomass, accumulated carbon, assimilated carbon dioxide and estimated energy for each shoot component were determined for two hybrid clones of E. grandis x E. urophylla at 6 and 12 months of age, grown at different spacing in two different areas, one with and one without irrigation. The highest dry biomass and carbon accumulation values were observed for plants grown at smaller spacing and with irrigation. A significant effect of irrigation on the variables quantified was only observed for 12-month-old plants. The amount of assimilated CO2 in the stem, leaves and branches was higher for 12-month-old plants grown at larger spacing and with irrigation. The estimated energy of the stem increased with increased spacing. Bark was the shoot component least influenced by spacing and irrigation.
ORGANIC MATTER AND PHYSICAL-HYDRIC QUALITY OF AN OXISOL UNDER EUCALYPT PLANTING AND ABANDONED PASTURE
Authors: Rocha Jonas Elias Castro da , Brasil Neto Alberto Bentes , Noronha Norberto Cornejo , Gama Marcos André Piedade , Carvalho Eduardo Jorge Macklouf , Silva Arystides Resende , Santos Cassio Rafael Costa Dos
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess organic matter and physical-hydric attributes of an Oxisol under a clonal planting of eucalypt and an abandoned pasture in comparison to a successional forest with its soil under natural conditions at Paragominas municipality, southeast region of the state of Pará. In July 2013, soil samples were collected at the depths 0-0.15 and 0.15-0.35 m, which were used for the determination of the following attributes: organic matter content; soil bulk density; porosity, soil water retention and S index. In field, soil water infiltration tests were performed. The abandoned pasture was the system that presented the greatest contents of organic matter in the soil surface, when compared to successional forest and eucalypt clonal plantation. None of the studied systems achieved a critical level for bulk density and S index values and all systems had water infiltration speed classified as very high. Based on these variables, the soil management with eucalypt cultivation with two years of implantation may be recommended in areas with abandoned pastures.
PROPAGATION OF KHAYA ANTHOTHECA: INTERSPECIFIC GRAFTING WITH SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA AND AIR LAYERING
Authors: Barbosa Filho Joamir , Carvalho Maria Angélica Di , Oliveira Leandro Silva de , Konzen Enéas Ricardo , Campos Wellington Ferreira , Brondani Gilvano Ebling
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT Swietenia macrophylla yields high-quality wood; however, its vulnerability to extinction coupled with challenges for its cultivation have brought attention to its replacement for alternative species such as the Khaya anthotheca. The species has been recently introduced to South America, with potential for the production of high-quality wood. However, limited background on breeding and efficient strategies for its vegetative propagation exist. Here, we achieved significant results with the application of cleft grafting and air layering for the propagation of K. anthotheca plants grown from seeds. First, we analyzed the compatibility of scions and rootstocks for intraspecific and interspecific cleft grafting combinations of K. anthotheca and S. macrophylla. Second, air layering was performed in K. anthotheca seedlings irrigated with three nutrient solution (100%, 50% and 25% of the initial concentration of nutrients) combined with the application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to evaluate adventitious rooting. From cleft grafting, we achieved an overall graft compatibility and survival of 48% after 200 days. However, the interspecific combination of S. macrophylla (scion) and K. anthotheca (rootstock) implicated in no compatibility, while the reciprocal resulted in 52% of compatibility. Through air layering, the irrigation with the nutrient solution with at least 50% of the nutrients concentration and with IBA (3.0 or 8.0 g.L-1) resulted in the best adventitious rooting. Overall, we recommend cleft grafting, except for the combination S. macrophylla (scion) and K. anthotheca (rootstock), with no compatibility. Air layering might also be useful for the propagation of K. anthotheca genotypes in breeding programs.
IMPACTO DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE NÚMERO DESIGUAL DE PROGÊNIES POR REPRODUTOR NA AVALIAÇÃO GENÉTICA DE ANIMAIS, EM AMBIENTES COM PRESENÇA DE HETEROGENEIDADE DE VARIÂNCIA AMBIENTAL
Authors: Araujo Claudio Vieira de , Oliveira Lutero de Andrade , Araujo Simone Inoe , Silva Delvan Alves da , Silva Alessandra Alves da
Published: March 2017

Resumo Foi simulado um teste de progênie com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da heterogeneidade de variância ambiental sobre a avaliação genética de reprodutores, em situações de número desigual de progênie por reprodutor entre rebanhos. A situação do número desigual de progênie por reprodutor foi representada eliminando-se, de forma aleatória, o número de progênies por reprodutor em ambientes de baixa e alta variabilidade ambiental. Nas situações que envolveram perda de informação no ambiente de menor variabilidade ambiental, houve maiores superestimações na estimação da variância residual, ocasionando menores estimativas de herdabilidade. Por outro lado, quando se diminuiu a quantidade de informação proveniente de rebanhos de alta variabilidade ambiental, houve maior superestimação da variância genética aditiva e menor superestimação da variância ambiental. Embora tenham ocorrido alterações na magnitude dos valores genéticos para os reprodutores, as correlações de Spearman e Pearson entre os valores genéticos dos mesmos, em todas as situaçãoes, foram maiores do que 0,90. O número desigual de progênie por reprodutor na presença de heterogeneidade de variância ambiental provoca superestimação das estimativas de componentes de variância e valores absolutos de predição de valores genéticos dos reprodutores, sem, contudo, alterar a classificação dos mesmos.
EFEITOS DA ADMINSTRAÇÃO DO MIDAZOLAM EM DOSES DIFERENTES EM JIBOIAS Boa constrictor LINNAEUS, 1758 (SQUAMATA: BOIDAE)
Authors: Simone Simone Borges Salgueiro De , Hirano Líria Queiroz Luz , Santos André Luiz Quagliatto
Published: March 2017

Resumo Objetivou-se comparar os efeitos de duas doses de midazolam em Boa constrictor. Utilizaram-se 20 jiboias, divididas em dois grupos. O grupo 1 (G1), composto por dez animais, recebeu 1 mg/kg de midazolam e o grupo 2 (G2), também com dez animais, 2 mg/kg, pela via intracelomática. Os animais do G1 apresentaram déficit de tônus da cabeça, tônus muscular, manipulação e locomoção por 3,89 ± 1,18 horas e os representantes do G2 por 5,47 ± 2,08 horas. Nenhuma jiboia, em ambos os grupos, manifestou ausência de reação postural de endireitamento ou alcançaram sedação profunda; entretanto, observou-se redução da agressividade, intenso relaxamento muscular e uma dificuldade de serpentear em todos os exemplares. O tempo de retorno às condições pré-sedativas foi de 4,65 ± 1,22 horas para o G1 e de 6,2 ± 2,37 horas para o G2. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nas avaliações da frequência cardíaca e respiratória entre os grupos. Concluiu-se assim que 1 mg/kg de midazolam provoca nas jiboias o mesmo efeito que 2 mg/kg, porém na menor dose o tempo de recuperação é menor, podendo ser utilizado para a contenção farmacológica de Boa constrictor, ou em associações que visem um efetivo relaxamento muscular.
MAMMARY BIOPSY IN INDUCED LACTATING GOATS: ASSESSMENT OF POST-BIOPSY MILK PROPERTIES AND ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE
Authors: Sousa Francisco Carlos de , Paula Júnior Alexandre Rodrigues , Campelo Iana Sales , Melo Luciana Magalhães , Freitas Vicente José de Figueirêdo , Teixeira Dárcio Ítalo Alves
Published: March 2017

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mammary biopsy procedures on gland function of goats submitted to hormonal lactation. Ten female Caninde goats, at the age of around 3 years, were used, and lactation was induced by using estrogen, progesterone, and prednisolone. Ultrasonographic examinations of mammary gland, milking, and analysis of physicochemical properties of milk were performed immediately before (0 h) and 24, 48, and 72 h after each biopsy procedure. Surgical mammary gland biopsies were obtained at days 5 and 26 of the lactation. Even after drying initiation, all animals produced milk for five months. No abnormalities were observed on the ultrasonographic appearance of biopsied glands. All 20 biopsies were technically successful and any inflammation or infection was associated with biopsy procedures. Regarding the physicochemical properties and volumes of milk produced, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed between right and left glands nor in the comparison of the results from time 0 with 24, 48, and 72 h for biopsied teats. The mammary biopsy did not induce neither severe changes in production and physicochemical properties of the milk nor in ultrasonographic appearance of mammary gland of goats in hormonal lactation.
Revisão taxonômica das espécies de Virola Aublet (Myristicaceae) do Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues William Antônio
Published: March 2017

RESUMO Estudo crítico e revisão taxonômica de 35 espécies do gênero Virola (Myristicaceae) ocorrentes no Brasil. Consta de uma exposição das razões que motivaram a execução desse estudo, seguida de um esboço histórico das principais contribuições para o conhecimento do gênero no País e uma descrição sucinta de sua importância econômica. Segue uma discussão da fitogeografia do gênero no Brasil e de seus principais aspectos morfológicos, anatômicos e palinológicos. Dados sobre fenologia, relações genéricas e evolução do gênero Virola são também apresentados. A principal parte deste estudo é obviamente dedicado à classificação e descrições taxonômicas do gênero e das 35 espécies consideradas válidas pelo autor. O trabalho é ilustrado com fotografias, mapas e desenhos analíticos originais de folhas, flores e frutos.
Subjective and objective parameters in paediatric respiratory conditions: cultural adaptation to Portuguese population
Authors: Alexandrino Ana Manuela Ferreira da Silva , Santos Rita Isabel Garrido Vieira , Melo Maria Cristina Damas Argel de , Bastos José Adelino Mesquita , Postiaux Guy
Published: March 2017

Abstract Introduction: Young children are at high risk of respiratory infections. The severity of the disease is based on the assessment of signs and symptoms, although there is a lack of validated scales to the Portuguese population. Objective: The aim of this study was to accomplish the cultural adaptation and validation of the subjective and objective parameters in paediatric respiratory conditions, according to Postiaux. Methods: We ensured the cultural adaptation of the “Paramètres anamnestiques et cliniques utiles au suivi et à l’achèvement de la toilette bronchopulmonaire du nourrisson et de l’enfant”, created by Guy Postiaux. Then we analysed content, conceptual and construct validity, as well as test-retest reliability. The Portuguese version was applied in a sample of 59 children, with a mean age of 23.05 ± 8.34 months, 55.9% male. Results: We stablished semantics and construct validity and adopted the title “Paediatric Respiratory Severity Score” (PRSS). PRSS obtained a good internal consistency (α de Cronbach = 0.80) and an excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.91). Subjective parameters revealed a Cronbach’ α = 0.80 and an ICC = 0.90. Objective parameters obtained a Cronbach’ α = 0.73 and an ICC = 0.85. The application of PRSS to the sample showed that 37.3% of the children had a normal health condition (PRSS = 8) and 62.7% of the children had a moderate impairment of their health condition (9 ≤ PRSS ≤ 16). Conclusion: Paediatric Respiratory Severity Score is a valid and reliable measure to assess the severity of acute respiratory infections in children under 36 months of age.
Factors associated with mobility of the oldest old
Authors: Santos Vanessa Ribeiro dos , Christofaro Diego Giulliano Destro , Gomes Igor Conterato , Freitas Júnior Ismael Forte , Gobbo Luís Alberto
Published: March 2017

Abstract Introduction: Several factors can be associated to the reduction of mobility among the elderly. Early identification of these factors is crucial, since it may lead to prevention of functional dependencies. Objective: To analyze the association between mobility, sociodemographic factors and the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in oldest old. Methods: The sample consisted of 120 elderly persons aged (80 and 95 years), with 76 of them being women (83 ± 3 years) and 44 of them men (83 ± 3 years). Sociodemographic factors and NCDs which we studied were: age, gender, marital status, education, nutritional status, ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes and osteoarticular diseases. Mobility was analyzed using a battery of Physical Performance Tests. For statistical analysis we used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors, NCDs and mobility. SPSS (17.0) software was used for this and the significance level was set at 5%. Results: Level of education (p ≤ 0.001) and age (p = 0.034) are the two factors related to low mobility. However, the model built by multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age is independently related to limited mobility in oldest old people (OR 3.29; 95% CI 1.09 to 9.87). Conclusion: Thus, oldest old >85 years are at a greater risk of decreased mobility independent of their education, marital and nutritional statuses and gender. We encourage further studies in this area. Studies which will not only address those facts considered in this study but that also examine family-related aspects, especially using longitudinal studies.
Lung function and functional capacity in school age children
Authors: Andrade Fabiana S da Silva Dias de , Teixeira Renato da Costa , Araújo Diego Alberto , Barbosa Thayrine Rocha , Sousa Fabianne de Jesus Dias de , Cruz Rafael Vinícius
Published: March 2017

Abstract Introduction: Six-minute walk test (TC6’) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) can be influenced by variables like gender, age and body mass index (BMI). In the school context, these tests can identify losses caused by sedentary habits and/or manifestation of overweight/obesity. Nevertheless, although widely studied in the adult context, they have not been properly clarified in the child public. Objective: To assess the PEF and TC6’ between students in the public and private network and to correlate them with factors like age, gender and BMI. Methods: 39 male and female children between eight and ten years of age were selected for the study. The TC6’ was held at a sports court. The child was instructed to walk at maximum speed for six minutes and the PEF test took place in accordance to the recommendations by Pereira et al (1). Results: No significant correlation was found between the BMI and the PEF and TC6’ scores. No significant correlation was found between sex and PEF, with measures within normal parameters for the entire sample. The EPF measures did not influence the distance walked in the TC6’. A significant correlation was found between sex and distance walked in the TC6’ only among male children attending public schools. Conclusion: Both sex and BMI did not influence the PEF measures which, in turn, does not seem to have influenced the distance the sample walked in the TC6’. Also concerning the TC6’, only the children from public school reached the normal scores proposed in the literature.
Body posture and pulmonary function in mouth and nose breathing children: cross-sectional study
Authors: Milanesi Jovana de Moura , Pasinato Fernanda , Berwig Luana Cristina , Silva Ana Maria Toniolo da , Corrêa Eliane Castilhos Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

Abstract Introduction: Mouth breathing can lead to changes in body posture and pulmonary function. However, the consequences are still inconclusive and a number of studies are controversial. Objective: Evaluate and correlate spirometric parameters and postural measures in mouth breathing children, and compare them to nose breathers. Methods: two groups of 6 to 12 year-old children were evaluated: mouth breathers (MB, n = 55) and nose breathers (NB, n = 45). Spirometry and body posture analysis using photogrammetry (SAPo 0.68® v) were carried out. The following spirometric measures were evaluated: peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio (%) and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF 25-75%). Biophotogrammetric measures analyzed were: horizontal alignment of acromions (HAA) and anterior superior iliac spine (HAASIS), Charpy angle, horizontal alignment of the head (HAH), cervical lordosis (CL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), cervical distance (CD) and lumbar distance (LD). Results: There were no intergroup differences in spirometric and postural variables. Positive and moderate correlations were found between CL and CD measures with PEF, FEV1, FVC and FEF 25-75%, while weak correlations were observed between lumbar lordosis and PEF, FEV1 and FVC. Conclusion: The breathing mode had no influence on postural and respiratory measures. However, greater forward head posture, with smaller cervical lordosis, was related to higher lung volumes and flows in both groups.
Do cognitive tasks during gait increase the risk of accidents with pedestrians? A study based on electromyographic parameters
Authors: Hallal Camilla Zamfolini , Navega Marcelo Tavella , Silva José Adolfo Menezes Garcia , Spinoso Deborah Hebling , Morcelli Mary Hellen , Crozara Luciano Fernandes , Marques Nise Ribeiro
Published: March 2017

Abstract Introduction Accidents involving pedestrians are responsible for many cases of serious injuries and deaths. Crossing streets safely requires complex planning and cognitive demand because it is necessary to perform more than one task at a time. Objective The aim of this study was to identify electromyographic changes during gait in young subjects who performed the cognitive tasks concurrently. Methods The study included 17 younger women aged between 18 and 25 years. Data collection was performed on a treadmill. The volunteers were instructed to walk in four different conditions: normal gait (NG), gait with dual easy task (DET), gait with dual hard task (DHT) and gait with dual mixed task (DMT). Results Significant differences were found between the MN condition to the other conditions for all muscles and, during the NG, smaller values of muscle activation were found. Muscle co-contraction between muscles VM / BF showed a significant difference between the conditions of NG and DMT (p = 0.04) and, during the NG, smaller values of co-contraction were observed. Conclusion The data of this study permits to conclude that the competition between motor and cognitive resources significantly affects the levels of muscle activation and co-contraction during gait in young adult women. Thus, we conclude that the performance of dual cognitive tasks while driving can be considered a risk factor for safe driving.
Effects of non-invasive ventilatory support in tolerance to the effort of patients with hemodialysis
Authors: Medeiros Nathalie Cortez Bezerra de , Silva Joelson dos Santos , Oliveira Nayara Priscila Dantas de , Cavalcante Ananília Regina Silva , Gonçalves Carolina Taveira , Magnani Karla Luciana
Published: March 2017

Abstract Introduction The kidney system is responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis and in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease the kidney functions changes, contributing for the development of various complications that will have adverse effects in tolerance to the physical exercise and in Quality of Life of this patients. Objective To evaluate the Effects of non-invasive ventilatory support in tolerance to the patients’ physical exercise in dialysis. Methods The patients performed two 6-minute walk tests, following an adapted protocol for treadmill, one of them without the use of non-invasive ventilatory support and the other with non-invasive ventilatory support during the walk. Besides, the patients answered a questionnaire of quality of life and the KDQOL-SFTM specific for the population under study. Results It was noticed that there was not statistical difference in the distance recorded during the 6-minute walk tests. Regarding the quality of life, the greater impact of the disease was in relation to “Professional Activity”. Conclusion In conclusion, a non-invasive ventilatory support did not cause significant effects in tolerance to the exercise of this population. However, we should take into consideration the limitations suffered during the research development.
IMPACT OF ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY (RYGB) ON METABOLIC SYNDROME COMPONENTS AND ON THE USE OF ASSOCIATED DRUGS IN OBESE PATIENTS
Authors: JUNGES Vilma Maria , CAVALHEIRO Jarbas Marinho , FAM Eliana Franzoi , CLOSS Vera Elizabeth , MORAES João Feliz , GOTTLIEB Maria Gabriela
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide and both behavior modification and drug therapy have low adherence. Gastric bypass has shown effective results in both reducing weight and improving comorbidities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery (RYGB) on both metabolic syndrome components and the use of associated drugs in obese patients. METHODS Historical cohort of patients subjected to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery (RYGB) between January 2007 and March 2014 in a private clinic. The sample consisted of 273 obese class II and III individuals, 86.4% of whom were female, with age ≥20 years, followed up for 2 months after surgery. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and drug-use data were collected from patients’ medical records. RESULTS Significant differences were found in weight, body mass index and waist circumference, after 60 postoperative days. Components for metabolic syndrome diagnosis (hypertension P=0.001; hyperglycemia P<0.001; hypertriglyceridemia P=0.006) were reduced after 60 days of postoperative, with the exception HDL-c (P=0.083). There was a significant reduction in the use of antihypertensive (P<0.001), hypoglycemic (P=0.013), lipid lowering (P<0.001), and antiobesity (P=0.010) drugs and increased use of gastroprotective drugs, vitamins, and minerals (P<0.001) after 60 postoperative days. CONCLUSION Patients subjected to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery exhibited both weight loss and significant improvement not only in metabolic syndrome components (except for HDL-c) but in the use of drugs associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
SCREENING OF WILD FRUIT TREES WITH GASTROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTAL MODELS
Authors: NESELLO Luciane Angela Nottar , CAMPOS Adriana , ROSA Roseane Leandra da , ANDRADE Sérgio Faloni de , CECHINEL FILHO Valdir
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Given the increase of people with gastrointestinal disorders, the search for alternative treatments with fewer side effects is vital, as well as the demand for food or plants that can help protect the stomach. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastroprotective action of the extracts of wild fruit trees of Myrcianthes pungens (guabiju); Inga vera Willd. (ingá-banana) and Marlierea tomentosa Cambess. (guarapuruna) in in vivo pharmacological models. METHODS The different parts of the fruits were separately subjected to a process of extraction by methanol. Two experimental pharmacological models were conducted in mice; the gastric ulcer model induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (indomethacin), and the gastric ulcer model induced by ethanol/HCl, which allowed us to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of the extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kg. Subsequently, the total lesion area (mm2) and relative lesion area (%) were determined. RESULTS The results showed significant gastroprotective activity against the aggressive agents used - ethanol and indomethacin - for all the extracts tested. CONCLUSION It is assumed that the fruits have bioactive compounds such as antioxidant substances that act on the prostaglandin levels, protecting them from the damage caused by ethanol and indomethacin. These results prompt further studies to isolate and identify the active properties.