bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The value of additional electrodes when stereo‐electroencephalography is inconclusive
Authors: Ilyas Adeel , Vilella Laura , Restrepo Carlos E. , Johnson Jessica , Pati Sandipan , Lacuey Nuria , Lhatoo Samden , Thompson Stephen A. , Tandon Nitin
Published: January 2024

Objective

Stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG) is the preferred method for intracranial localization of the seizure‐onset zone (SOZ) in drug‐resistant focal epilepsy. Occasionally SEEG evaluation fails to confirm the pre‐implantation hypothesis. This leads to a decision tree regarding whether the addition of SEEG electrodes (two‐step SEEG – 2sSEEG) or placement of subdural electrodes (SDEs) after SEEG (SEEG2SDE) would help. There is a dearth of literature encompassing this scenario, and here we aimed to characterize outcomes following unplanned two‐step intracranial EEG (iEEG).

Methods

All 225 adult SEEG cases over 8 years at our institution were reviewed to extract patient data and outcomes following a two‐step evaluation. Three raters independently quantified benefits of additional intracranial electrodes. The relationship between two‐step iEEG benefit and clinical outcome was then analyzed.

Results

Fourteen patients underwent 2sSEEG and nine underwent SEEG2SDE. In the former cohort, the second SEEG procedure was performed for these reasons—precise localization of the SOZ (36%); defining margins of eloquent cortex (21%); and broadening coverage in the setting of non‐localizable seizure onsets (43% of cases). Sixty‐four percent of 2sSEEG cases were consistently deemed beneficial (Light's κ = 0.80). 2sSEEG performed for the first two indications was much more beneficial than when onsets were not localizable (100% vs 17%, p = .02). In the SEEG2SDE cohort, SDEs identified the SOZ and enabled delineation of margins relative to eloquent cortex in all cases.

Significance

The two‐step iEEG is useful if the initial evaluation is broadly concordant with the original electroclinical hypothesis, where it can clarify onset zones or delineate safe surgical margins; however, it provides minimal benefit when the implantation hypothesis is erroneous, and we recommend that 2sSEEG not be generally utilized in such cases. SDE implantation after SEEG minimizes the need for SDEs and is helpful in delineating surgical boundaries relative to ictal‐onset zones and eloquent cortex.
The rhythms of histones in regeneration: The epigenetic modifications determined by clock genes
Authors: da Silveira Ericka J. D. , Barros Caio C. D. S. , Bottino Marco C. , Castilho Rogerio M. , Squarize Cristiane
Published: January 2024

The evolutionary establishment of an internal biological clock is a primordial event tightly associated with a 24‐h period. Changes in the circadian rhythm can affect cellular functions, including proliferation, DNA repair and redox state. Even isolated organs, tissues and cells can maintain an autonomous circadian rhythm. These cell‐autonomous molecular mechanisms are driven by intracellular clock genes, such as BMAL1. Little is known about the role of core clock genes and epigenetic modifications in the skin. Our focus was to identify BMAL1‐driven epigenetic modifications associated with gene transcription by mapping the acetylation landscape of histones in epithelial cells responding to injury. We explored the role of BMAL1 in epidermal wound and tissue regeneration using a loss‐of‐function approach in vivo. We worked with BMAL1 knockout mice and a contraction‐resistance wound healing protocol, determining the histone modifications using specific antibodies to detect the acetylation levels of histones H3 and H4. We found significant differences in the acetylation levels of histones in both homeostatic and injured skin with deregulated BMAL1. The intact skin displayed varied acetylation levels of histones H3 and H4, including hyperacetylation of H3 Lys 9 (H3K9). The most pronounced changes were observed at the repair site, with notable alterations in the acetylation pattern of histone H4. These findings reveal the importance of histone modifications in response to injury and indicate that modulation of BMAL1 and its associated epigenetic events could be therapeutically harnessed to improve skin regeneration.
The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale–Dyadic version: A new tool for the evaluation of the dyadic dysregulation in couple relationships
Authors: Faccini Filippo , Rogier Guyonne , Cavalli Roberta Gabriella , Santona Alessandra , Velotti Patrizia
Published: January 2024

A new measure for assessing an individual's perception of the dyadic difficulties in emotion regulation with a romantic partner is tested. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale–Dyadic (DERS‐D) was obtained by adapting some items of the previous Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) to the dyadic context. The scale was administered both to a sample of university students (N = 835) to explore its factorial structure and to a convenience sample (N = 833) together with the DERS, the DERS‐Positive, the Emotion Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ), and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) to confirm the factorial structure and to explore its construct validity. Results highlight that DERS‐D measures two distinct features, namely the lack of dyadic awareness and the lack of dyadic clarity, and that configural invariance across genders was met. DERS‐D subscales' internal consistency was high. The correlations between the DERS‐D and the other measures demonstrated its construct and criterion validity. The promising nature of these results is discussed in light of the potential clinical and empirical uses of the DERS‐D.
Adjustment and family dynamics among academically gifted Chinese and European American adolescents
Authors: Park Hye‐Jin , Chang Tzu‐Fen , Qin Desiree Baolian
Published: January 2024

Objective

We examined whether parent–adolescent academic conflict and parental psychological control mediated associations between academically gifted adolescents' academic and psychological adjustments for both Chinese and European Americans.

Background

Previous studies suggest that associations between family dynamics and developmental outcomes are different between Chinese and European American adolescents, but they often overlook potential cross‐ethnic similarities within special groups (e.g., academically gifted students).

Method

We assessed 212 Chinese American and 122 European American academically gifted students' academic adjustment (academic efficacy and grade point average [GPA]), family dynamics (parental psychological control and parent–adolescent academic conflict), and psychological outcomes (depression, anxiety, and self‐esteem) during ninth and 10th grade.

Results

For both groups, previously low academic efficacy was associated with later psychological maladjustment, and previously high GPA was associated with later anxiety. These associations were not mediated by family dynamics for either group.

Conclusion

For both groups, adolescents' academic adjustment could play an important role in psychological well‐being, regardless of whether they experienced parental psychological control and parent–adolescent academic conflict.

Implications

For both groups, it is important to identify whether academic‐related stressors (e.g., keeping academic success and high academic efficacy) are sources for academically gifted adolescents' psychological problems and help them develop coping strategies.
Air temperature and sovereign bond returns
Authors: Kizys Renatas , Rouatbi Wael , Umar Zaghum , Zaremba Adam
Published: January 2024

The relationship between air temperature and sovereign bond returns is founded on competing paradigms: macroeconomic, behavioral and energy demand‐based. Which of these theoretical mechanisms receives support from data? To answer this, we examined four decades of bond data from 31 countries. Overall, daily temperature positively affects government bond returns. A 10°F rise leads to an increase in sovereign bond returns between 0.22 and 0.85 basis points. We also document evidence of asymmetric and nonlinear price responses to both temperature levels and shocks. Our results survive a battery of robustness checks and lend support to the macroeconomic and behavioral paradigms, albeit not the energy demand‐based view.
Impact of inherited bleeding disorders on maternal bleeding and other pregnancy outcomes: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Alam Arafat Ul , Wu Cynthia , Kaul Padma , Jain Venu , Sun Haowei (Linda)
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Increasing rate of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) has been observed between 2003 and 2010 in Canada. Inherited bleeding disorders contribute to the risk of PPH.

Aim

To identify the trend in PPH in the last decade, assess the impact of bleeding disorders on pregnancy outcomes and evaluate their coagulation workup during pregnancy.

Methods

We conducted a population‐based retrospective cohort study using the Alberta Pregnancy Birth Cohort from 2010 to 2018. We included women with von Willebrand disease (VWD) and haemophilia, identified by previously validated algorithm and matched with controls. Logistic regression was used to compute odds of PPH and other pregnancy outcomes.

Results

We identified 311,330 women with a total of 454,400 pregnancies with live births. The rate of PPH did not change significantly from 10.13 per 100 deliveries (95% CI 10.10–10.16) in 2010–10.72 (95% CI 10.69–10.75) in 2018 (p for trend = .35). Women with bleeding disorders were significantly more likely to experience PPH (odds ratio [OR] 2.3; 95% CI 1.5–3.6), antepartum haemorrhage (OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.5–5.9) and red cell transfusion (OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.1–7.0). We observed a nonsignificant rise in the rate of PPH in women with VWD and haemophilia. Only 49.5% pregnancies with bleeding disorders had third trimester coagulation factor levels checked. Higher odds of PPH and antepartum haemorrhage were observed even with factor levels ≥0.50 IU/mL in third trimester.

Conclusion

Despite comprehensive care in women with bleeding disorders, they are still at higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to population controls.
Association between multimorbidity and periodontal disease in Korean adults: A nationwide cross‐sectional cohort study
Authors: Jung Yun‐Sook , Kim Young‐Seok , Kim Ki‐Rim
Published: January 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the association between multimorbidity, which refers to the presence of two or more chronic diseases, and periodontal disease in Korean adults using national survey data.

Methods

A total of 12,440 Korean adults aged ≥19 years were selected from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We investigated periodontal disease status based on various variables, including the gender, age, educational level, income level, smoking and alcohol drinking status, frequency of daily toothbrushing, and unmet dental treatment needs. Furthermore, periodontal status according to diagnosed chronic diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and diabetes, was investigated, and the association between multimorbidity and periodontal disease was analysed through multiple logistic regression using SAS 9.4.

Results

According to the general characteristics of the study participants, the prevalence of periodontal disease was higher in males, smokers, older age, and lower educational and income levels (p < 0.001). Moreover, as the frequency of daily toothbrushing increased, the distribution of periodontal disease decreased (p < 0.001). The prevalence of periodontal disease was higher in those with chronic diseases than in those without chronic diseases and was statistically significantly higher as the number of diagnosed chronic diseases increased (p < 0.001). Additionally, an increase in the number of chronic diseases was observed to increase the prevalence and risk of periodontal disease.

Conclusion

These results suggest that multimorbidity significantly affects the prevalence of periodontal disease.
Fatigue, sleep and physical activity in postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas: A survey
Authors: She Sunju , Wu Yuping , Mu Aiping , Cui Feifei , Zhao Xin , Shen Meifen
Published: January 2024

Background

The condition and correlation of fatigue, sleep and physical activity in postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas remain unclear. This survey aimed to evaluate the current status and influencing factors of fatigue, sleep and physical activity in postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas.

Methods

Patients undergoing pituitary adenoma resection in two tertiary hospitals from November 2019 to November 2021 were included. The general data questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI‐20), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and international physical activity questionnaire were used for data analysis.

Results

In total, 184 patients with pituitary adenomas were included. The postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas had a high level of fatigue. In total, 34 (18.5%) patients had low level of physical activity, 76(41.3%) patients had medium level of physical activity and 74 (40.2%) had high level of physical activity. Postoperative time, PSQI, physical activity level and gender were the influencing factors of fatigue in patients with pituitary adenomas (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas have a higher level of fatigue, and it is related to reduced sleep quality and activity. Relevant nursing measures should be taken according to the influencing factors of fatigue to reduce the fatigue of postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas.
Nurses' perceived health and occupational burnout: A focus on sleep quality, workplace violence, and organizational culture
Authors: Chang Yuan‐Ping , Lee De‐Chih , Lee Yi‐Hua , Chiu Min‐Hui
Published: January 2024

Aim

This study investigates the mediation of sleep quality between perceived health and occupational burnout in hospital nurses, considering the moderation of workplace violence and organizational culture.

Background

Occupational factors lead to physical and mental distress, burnout, and sleep issues in nurses. Approximately two‐thirds of nurses experience burnout, impacting patient care quality and safety. Cultivating a positive organizational culture is essential for nursing workforce stability.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study employed convenience sampling to recruit 346 nurses from a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan in July–August 2020 (response rate: 87.3%). Self‐administered questionnaires containing validated instruments were employed, including an adapted occupational burnout scale, the Chinese version of an organizational culture scale, a Perceived Health Questionnaire, a Workplace Violence Experience Scale, and the CPSQI; all instruments were reliable and valid. The analysis involved descriptive statistics, linear regression, and the Johnson–Neyman technique.

Results

Nurses with better perceived health exhibited significantly lower occupational burnout (p < 0.001). Perceived health indirectly impacted burnout through sleep quality (p < 0.01) with organizational culture as a partial moderator. Bureaucratic organizational culture exacerbated this relationship. Additionally, decreased workplace violence moderated the connections among perceived health, sleep quality, and occupational burnout among nurses.

Conclusions

Given the inverse correlation between nurses' perceived health and occupational burnout and considering factors such as workplace violence, organizational culture, and sleep quality, healthcare institutions can proactively take steps to enhance nurses' overall well‐being and mitigate burnout.

Implications for nursing and health policy

By implementing wellness programs, mental health support, security training, robust reporting, and a zero‐tolerance approach to violence, healthcare stakeholders can foster a safe and supportive work environment for nurses, thus improving well‐being, patient outcomes, and healthcare quality.
Internationally standardized respiratory viral load testing with limited resources: A derivative‐of‐care calibration strategy for SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Tao Lili , Chan Allison , Maris Alex , Schmitz Jonathan E.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

SARS‐CoV‐2 has demonstrated that, in targeted circumstances, viral quantification within respiratory specimens can valuably inform patient management, as well as research. Nevertheless, the pandemic has illustrated concomitant challenges for obtaining high‐quality (and broadly comparable) respiratory viral loads. This includes a critical need for standardization and calibration, even though the necessary resources may not always be available for emergent pathogens and non‐bloodstream specimens.

Methods

To these ends, we describe a novel strategy for implementing quantitative SARS‐CoV‐2 testing with International Unit‐based calibration. Earlier in the course of the pandemic—when analytic resources were far more limited—select residual SARS‐CoV‐2 positive specimens from routine care in our diagnostic laboratory were pooled to formulate a clinically realistic secondary standard of high volume and analyte concentration, which was cross‐calibrated to the primary SARS‐CoV‐2 standard of the World Health Organization.

Results

The resultant calibrators were integrated into the original CDC RT‐qPCR assay for SARS‐CoV‐2, whose (now broadened) performance characteristics were defined to generate a test appropriate for both clinical and research use. This test allowed for the quantification of virus in respiratory specimens down to a validated lower limit of quantification of 103.4 IU/ml.

Conclusions

By self‐formulating calibrators from this derivative‐of‐care secondary standard, we successfully validated respiratory viral loads without the commercial availability (at that time) of quantitative assays or calibrators. As the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic continues to decline—and even beyond this pathogen—this strategy may be applicable for laboratories seeking to implement viral load testing for nontraditional specimen types despite limited resources.
How Does Human Agency Actually Work? On Bratman's ‘Core Capacity Thesis’ and the Relation between Philosophy of Action and the Empirical Sciences
Authors: Phillips Jonathan , Plunkett David
Published: January 2024

Throughout his career, Michael Bratman has developed a detailed model of individual ‘planning agency’, and, more recently, models of joint action and aspects of social life that he argues such planning agency helps support. How might we empirically investigate whether these models capture what is going on in actual human lives? In this article, we critically engage with this broad question by focusing on what Bratman calls the ‘core capacity thesis’, which is at the center of his most recent discussions of how his work in the philosophy of action hangs together. In his own words, the core capacity thesis claims that ‘our capacity for planning agency plays basic roles in multiple, interrelated systems of human, mind‐shaped practical organization, individual and social’. We explore how one might go about testing this thesis, focusing on Bratman's particular way of defending this thesis using the idea of ‘nested Cummins functions’. In so doing, we hope to contribute to a broader discussion about what the relationship is (or, perhaps more importantly, should be) between the kind of philosophy of action Bratman does and empirical work in fields such as psychology, cognitive science, and biology.
Efficacy of an enhanced recovery nursing plan as a rooming‐in practice for women with preeclampsia post‐cesarean section
Authors: Li Jing , Zhao Wan‐Yuan , Zhuang Ying , Gu Ning , Wang Meng‐Qin , Zheng Ya‐Ning , Wang Jie‐Xun
Published: January 2024

Our purpose was to develop and evaluate the clinical outcomes of a nursing plan as a rooming‐in practice for enhanced recovery of women with preeclampsia following a cesarean section. The authors developed a postoperative enhanced recovery nursing plan as a rooming‐in practice for women with preeclampsia based on summarizing evidence‐based best practices. The authors used convenience sampling to select women with preeclampsia after a cesarean section from the obstetrics department of a Class A tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China, as the participants in our study. There were 30 women in the experimental group. The postoperative enhanced recovery nursing care plan was formulated for five postoperative time points and incorporated management of blood pressure, temperature, and fluids, as well as monitoring of complications, pain management, activity and rest, diet management, and breastfeeding. The control group consisted of 30 women who received routine nursing care and health education. The authors compared levels of maternal self‐efficacy, breastfeeding efficacy, anxiety, pain scores, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention compliance before and after the intervention. Women in the experimental group had a self‐efficacy score of 7.5 ± 0.63, which was higher than that in the control group (5.4 ± 0.85); they had a higher breastfeeding efficacy score of 7.13 ± 0.68 when compared to the control group (4.23 ± 0.86); the anxiety score was 6.7 ± 1.62, which was lower than that in the control group (10.03 ± 1.87); and the pain score was lower at 3.26 ± 0.52 when compared to the control group (3.83 ± 0.83). All the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Postoperative blood pressure was controlled within the target range, and the rate of DVT prevention compliance increased in the experimental group. The implementation of a postoperative enhanced recovery nursing intervention for women with preeclampsia as part of the rooming‐in practice was effective in helping manage the blood pressure, pain, and fluids of women with preeclampsia, improved their postoperative self‐management ability and breastfeeding efficacy, reduced their anxiety levels, improved their compliance with the prevention of related complications, and ultimately promoted enhanced postoperative recovery, thereby guaranteeing the safety of mothers and newborns.
Non‐documents for Big Decisions: The Commission and the EEC–Japan Automotive Agreement (1991)
Authors: Milor Alice
Published: January 2024

This article highlights some material aspects of informal governance by analysing the unsigned confidential documents intended to drive the future of the European automotive sector in 1991. Whilst it was long thought that the EEC–Japan agreement had been unwritten, this study reveals that it was a combination of oral and written statements, bilateral decisions and unilateral interpretations. These ambiguities have been used by the Commission to achieve the impossible: providing for one thing and its opposite in order to satisfy extremely divided opinions. Using public and private archives of several stakeholders, the article underlines the Commission's power over institutional (Member States and the European Parliament) and private (industry and NGOs) players. Whilst recent studies have pointed to repeated unwritten rules to temper informality leading to a democratic deficit, the 1991 non‐consensual consensus eluded any tacit rule because it lay in the grey area of diplomacy, economics and law.
Intergenerational autoethnography of heritage language maintenance: Focusing on emotion, identity, and power
Authors: Song Juyoung , Wu Amber E.
Published: January 2024

This collaborative autoethnography explores the intersection of heritage language (HL) maintenance, emotion, and identity from the perspectives of a mother and her 15‐year‐old daughter learning and maintaining Korean in the United States. The analysis of their narratives concerning critical emotional experiences relevant to HL maintenance reveals that their complex emotional experiences were guided by a feeling rule: Be evincive of a desire for HL maintenance. Both of them engaged in emotion labor by demonstrating their continuous desire for HL maintenance and masking other felt emotions such as anxiety, shame, guilt, and regret. The results also demonstrate that complying with the feeling rule (for immigrant families) goes beyond emotional expressions—it entails self‐fulfillment and social recognition. The mother's desire for establishing her identity as a good (Korean) mother by fulfilling her gendered responsibility of maintaining the HL bolstered her desire for her daughter's Korean language maintenance. The daughter's desire for meeting expectations of others via learning Korean increased her desire for developing bilingual skills, through which she moved away from a racialized and stereotyped Asian image to construct an image of a cool kid with bilingual skills. The article ends with implications for immigrant families’ emotional well‐being and further research on HL maintenance.
Differences in provider recommendations for Black/African American and White patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Boyd Taylor , Garcia‐Fischer Isabelle , Silvernale Casey , Anyane‐Yeboa Adjoa , Staller Kyle
Published: January 2024

Background

Health disparities and barriers to equitable care for patients from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds are common. We sought to evaluate disparities in management recommendations among Black/African American (AA) patients seeking care for IBS.

Methods

We assembled a retrospective cohort of patients at two tertiary care centers who were self‐identifying as Black/AA and attended a first gastroenterology consult for IBS. These patients were age‐ and sex‐matched to White controls with IBS also attending an initial gastroenterology consult. Retrospective chart review determined patient demographics, income, comorbidities, as well as provider management recommendations including pharmacologic therapies and non‐pharmacologic interventions.

Key Results

Among 602 IBS patients ages 14–88 (M ± SD = 43.6 ± 18.6 years) with IBS, those who identified as Black/AA (n = 301) had a lower estimated mean income and were significantly more likely to have a number of specific chronic medical conditions. Black/AA patients were significantly less likely to have implemented dietary changes for symptoms prior to receiving a diagnosis of IBS from a gastroenterologist. Black/AA patients were also less likely to receive a referral to a dietician within 1 year following their diagnosis of IBS (p = 0.01). Black/AA patients were prescribed pharmacologic therapy more often for constipation (41.9% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.01). It was more common for White patients to present at the initial encounter having already initiated a neuromodulator (41.9% vs. 27.9%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion & Inferences

Management recommendations for IBS appear to vary by race, specifically for dietary advice and referrals.
Biocidal polymer derived near white light‐emitting polymeric carbon particles for antibacterial and bioimaging applications
Authors: Sartaliya Shaifali , Sharma Raina , Sharma Anjana , Chopra Vianni , Neethu K. M. , Solanki Arun Kumar , Ghosh Deepa , Jayamurugan Govindasamy
Published: January 2024

A growing antimicrobial crisis has increased demand for antimicrobial materials. It has become increasingly popular to convert polymeric macromolecules into polymeric carbon particles (PCP) in order to achieve highly biocompatible materials with unique properties as a result of the ability to synthesize nanomaterials of the right size and add value to existing stable polymers. This work presents the tuning of PCP for antibacterial application by combining a biocidal polymer with one‐pot solvothermal synthesis. PCP displayed broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity via various mechanisms, including inhibition of bacterial cell walls, ROS generation, and antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, these biocidal PCP were observed to show excitation‐independent near‐white light emission which on the other hand is generally possible due to mixed sizes, doping, and surface effects. As opposed to the parent biocidal polymer, PCP added ROS‐mediated bactericidal activity, increased cytocompatibility, and nanofibers with anti‐adhesive effects and potential of imaging bacterial cells.
Differential impact of decreasing relative humidity on photosynthesis under fluctuating light between maize and tomato
Authors: Shi Qi , Wang Xiao‐Qian , He Bin , Yang Ying‐Jie , Huang Wei
Published: January 2024

Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (AN) under fluctuating light (FL) plays a critical role in plant growth and crop yield. C4 crops usually reach greater yields than C3 crops when grown in regions with low relative humidity, which might be partly due to the CO2 concentration mechanism and higher AN under FL of C4 crops. To test this hypothesis, we measured gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence under different changing frequencies of FL at contrasting relative air humidity (60% and 15%) for leaves of maize (Zea mays, C4) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, C3). In general, a more rapid changing frequency of FL would cause a larger loss in AN during shade‐sun transitions, with 20–38% in maize and 16–52% in tomato. Low relative humidity induced a larger decrease of stomatal conductance (gs) under FL in tomato than in maize, leading to a much stronger loss in AN in tomato than in maize. After transition from low to high light, AN of maize was mainly limited by gs with negligible non‐stomatal limitation, and the stomatal limitation was slightly affected by relative humidity. By comparison, low relative humidity significantly increased the stomatal limitation of AN in tomato but hardly affected non‐stomatal limitation. These results highlight the differential impact of decreasing relative humidity on dynamic photosynthesis and productivity between C3 and C4 crops.
Multilevel analysis between Physcomitrium patens and Mortierellaceae endophytes explores potential long‐standing interaction among land plants and fungi
Authors: Mathieu Davis , Bryson Abigail E. , Hamberger Britta , Singan Vasanth , Keymanesh Keykhosrow , Wang Mei , Barry Kerrie , Mondo Stephen , Pangilinan Jasmyn , Koriabine Maxim , Grigoriev Igor V. , Bonito Gregory , Hamberger Björn
Published: January 2024

The model moss species Physcomitrium patens has long been used for studying divergence of land plants spanning from bryophytes to angiosperms. In addition to its phylogenetic relationships, the limited number of differential tissues, and comparable morphology to the earliest embryophytes provide a system to represent basic plant architecture. Based on plant–fungal interactions today, it is hypothesized these kingdoms have a long‐standing relationship, predating plant terrestrialization. Mortierellaceae have origins diverging from other land fungi paralleling bryophyte divergence, are related to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi but are free‐living, observed to interact with plants, and can be found in moss microbiomes globally. Due to their parallel origins, we assess here how two Mortierellaceae species, Linnemannia elongata and Benniella erionia, interact with P. patens in coculture. We also assess how Mollicute‐related or Burkholderia‐related endobacterial symbionts (MRE or BRE) of these fungi impact plant response. Coculture interactions are investigated through high‐throughput phenomics, microscopy, RNA‐sequencing, differential expression profiling, gene ontology enrichment, and comparisons among 99 other P. patens transcriptomic studies. Here we present new high‐throughput approaches for measuring P. patens growth, identify novel expression of over 800 genes that are not expressed on traditional agar media, identify subtle interactions between P. patens and Mortierellaceae, and observe changes to plant–fungal interactions dependent on whether MRE or BRE are present. Our study provides insights into how plants and fungal partners may have interacted based on their communications observed today as well as identifying L. elongata and B. erionia as modern fungal endophytes with P. patens.
Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Solicitud e Interacción Sexual Online en adolescentes argentinos
Authors: Resett Santiago
Published: January 2024

Objetivo. Analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Solicitud e Interacción Sexual Online en una muestra deadolescentes argentinos. Método. Se constituyó una muestra intencional de 728 adolescentes (60% mujeres; Medad = 15.02, DE= 1.7) que cursaban de primer a tercer año de dos escuelas de la ciudad de Paraná, Argentina. Los participantes contestaron sietecuestionarios, para obtener información sociodemográca, de solicitud e interacción sexual en línea, ciberbullying, victimización,y síntomas psicosomáticos, de depresión y sexting. Los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS 23 y MPLUS 6. Resultados.Los hallazgos indicaron una adecuada estructura unifactorial, a diferencia de la estructura bifactorial de los autores, a partir de unanálisis paralelo y un aálisis factorial conrmatorio (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.07), adecuada conabilidad interna (alfade Cronbach 0.93) y validez de constructo, como lo sugerían las correlaciones del cuestionario con la depresión, la victimización,la cibervictimización y el sexting (.s = 0.15-0.46). Discusión. A pesar de hallar una estructura unifactorial, el cuestionario presentópropiedades adecuadas en Argentina.
Revisión del concepto de calidad educativa y modelos de bienestar desde una perspectiva psicológica
Authors: Leal-Soto Francisco , Cuadros Olga
Published: January 2024

Objetivo. Argumentar la visión de mercado educativo que prevalece en la implementación de indicadores cognitivos y no cognitivosde las evaluaciones estandarizadas nacionales y transnacionales en el mundo, particularmente en Chile, y ofrecer un marcoconceptual desde la perspectiva de la psicología, que aborde el bienestar y otras variables relevantes asociadas a este (compromiso con el aprendizaje y la autodeterminación). Método. Con este objetivo en mente, se realizó una revisión documental de investigaciones empíricas y registros públicos de organizaciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales de las últimas tres décadas, en el marco de la evaluación de la calidad educativa. Resultados. El principal hallazgo es que, a pesar de que los indicadores cognitivos y no cognitivos de las evaluaciones estandarizadas están relacionados nominalmente con el bienestar, como establece la Agenda de Desarrollo Sostenible 2015-2030 de las Naciones Unidas. Discusión. El sustento teórico de los indicadores no cognitivos guarda relación directa con la idea de productividad y rendimiento, asociada a una ideología neoliberal que ha mostrado tener efectos negativos en la gestión educativa de las comunidades escolares y la salud mental de profesores y estudiantes
Trabajar en la nueva academia: una experiencia ambivalente
Authors: Rentería Pérez Erico , Blanch Ribas Josep María , Díaz-Bambula Fátima , Londoño Moreno Angélica María
Published: January 2024

Objetivo. Sistematizar y analizar aspectos psicosociales de la experiencia laboral en una academia regida por principios de la nuevagestión pública.Método. Mediante una batería de cuestionarios estandarizados de evaluación de calidad de vida laboral, se encuestóa 238 docentes y 185 profesionales de administración y servicios con vínculo contractual permanente con una universidad pública.Resultados. Se evidenció una doble faceta de la experiencia de las personas encuestadas: la positiva reejó niveles moderadosde satisfacción con las condiciones de trabajo y de bienestar laboral, salud ocupacional, compromiso con el trabajo y con laorganización. La negativa remitió a factores de riesgo psicosocial, especialmente sobrecarga de tarea (principalmente en losdocentes), deciencias percibidas en las condiciones materiales de trabajo y décit de compañerismo en el apartado clima social. Encuanto a aspectos relativos a la gestión, el personal reconoció niveles aceptables de racionalización, eciencia y diseño ergonómico delos procesos académicos. Conclusión. La experiencia laboral evidenció luces y sombras tanto en la valoración del entorno material ysocial de trabajo como en el grado de adecuación de recursos disponibles ante las demandas organizacionales, los signicados dadosal trabajo en la academia, y los síntomas psicosociales asociados a nuevas condiciones laborales en el entorno universitario.
A Comparative Study Between the Generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion- and First-Order Reliability Method-Based Formulations of Simulation-Based Control Co-Design
Authors: Behtash Mohammad , Alexander-Ramos Michael J.
Published: January 2024

Reliability-based control co-design (RBCCD) formulations have been developed for the design of stochastic dynamic systems. To address the limitations of their current formulations, and to enable higher-fidelity solutions for complex problems, a novel reliability-based multidisciplinary feasible (MDF) formulation of multidisciplinary dynamic system design optimization (RB-MDF-MDSDO) and a new reliability analysis method using generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) expansion for RBCCD were developed in previous work. Although the gPC expansion method was initially selected for the reliability analysis of simulation-based RBCCD, its performance against state-of-the-art, the most-probable-point (MPP) method, has not been established yet. Therefore, in this work, the first-ever MPP-based formulations of RB-MDF-MDSDO are developed, and using two engineering test problems, the new formulations’ solution efficiency and accuracy are compared to those from the gPC-based formulation. Numerical results reveal that the gPC expansion method is marginally more accurate than the MPP algorithms, and therefore, it is more suitable for accuracy-sensitive applications. Conversely, the MPP algorithms are much more efficient, and thus, are more attractive for problems where solution efficiency is the priority.
Three new species of eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from Dabashan Nature Reserve, Chongqin City, China
Authors: Ren Limei , Huang Liuting , Tan Mengchao , Wang Guoquan
Published: January 2024

Three new species of eriophyoid mites from Dabashan Nature Reserve, Chongqin City, China are described and illustrated. They are Epitrimerus pleiospermae sp. nov. infesting Euptelea pleiosperma J. D. Hooker & Thomson. (Eupteleaceae); Vittacus orientalis sp. nov. infesting Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen. (Urticaceae); Diptacus regius sp. nov. infesting Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae) and Two marker genes (COI, 28S) were obtained, OR780123-OR780125 (COI, Vittacus orientalis sp. nov.); OR785980-OR785981 (28S, Vittacus orientalis sp. nov.); OR878054-OR878055 (28S, Epitrimerus pleiospermae sp. nov.). All three new species are vagrants causing no apparent damage to their host plants.
An Exploration of the Sources of Self-Efficacy Information in Athletic Injury Rehabilitation
Authors: Shipherd Amber M. , Coumbe-Lilley John E. , Duncan Chelsea K.
Published: January 2024

Self-efficacy plays a vital role in an athlete’s injury and rehabilitation experience and is linked to successful rehabilitation outcomes. We sought to develop a deeper understanding of self-efficacy sources throughout injury rehabilitation using an interpretative phenomenological analysis design grounded in a pragmatist paradigm. Semistructured interviews were conducted with nine male Division II collegiate athletes throughout injury rehabilitation. Seven themes were identified as sources of athletes’ self-efficacy during rehabilitation phases, and two themes were identified as influencing participants in their selection and weighing of the sources of self-efficacy. Athletes described several sources as negatively impacting their self-efficacy, and differences were observed in the sources reported across the phases of injury rehabilitation. Results suggest the influence of sources of efficacy information fluctuates over the course of injury rehabilitation. These findings can contribute to further research in the area, as well as strategies and interventions to better assist athletes through injury rehabilitation.
Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument
Authors: Boldovskaia Aia , Teixeira Diogo S. , Silva Marlene N. , Carraça Eliana V.
Published: January 2024

Background: The Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (PPLI) has been the most adopted physical literacy instrument designed for adults to date, having been already translated to 5 languages. Still, despite its popularity, there is limited evidence of its psychometric properties. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt cross-culturally the PPLI to the Portuguese language and to analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version in a sample of Portuguese-speaking adults. Methods: The study sample was composed of 434 participants (70% females) with a median age of 25 (18–39) years. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess psychometric properties of the scale. In addition, instrument assumptions between sexes through invariance testing were examined. Finally, concurrent validity, test–retest reliability, and test–retest agreement analyses were performed to gather additional evidence. Results: The results of the present study generally supported the measurement model. The 9-item, 3-factor model presented a good fit to the data and adequate construct validity (χ2 = 82.859 [24], P < .001, comparative-fit index = .948, Tucker–Lewis index = .922, standardized root mean square residual = .049, root mean square error of approximation = .075). In addition, the scale presented concurrent validity. Some issues arose with measurement invariance and overtime consistency. Conclusions: Considering the lack of validated instruments, we suggest a fair use of Portuguese version of PPLI to access physical literacy in adults. This study contributes to the validation of the PPLI by providing evidence of its psychometric properties in the Portuguese-speaking adult population and facilitates comparative analysis with previous and future studies utilizing the PPLI instrument.
Oscillation of type IV pili regulated by the circadian clock in cyanobacterium
Synechococcus elongatus
PCC7942
Authors: Zhang Jingchao , Li Shubin , Sun Tao , Zong Yiwu , Luo Yan , Wei Yufei , Zhang Weiwen , Zhao Kun
Published: January 2024

Type IV pili (TFP) are known to be functionally related to cell motilities and natural transformation in many bacteria. However, the molecular and ecological functions of the TFP have rarely been reported for photosynthetic cyanobacteria. Here, by labeling pili in model cyanobacterium
Synechococcus elongatus
PCC 7942 (Syn7942), we have quantitatively characterized the TFP and its driven twitching motility in situ at the single-cell level. We found an oscillating pattern of TFP in accordance with the light and dark periods during light-dark cycles, which is correlated positively to the oscillating pattern of the natural transformation efficiency. We further showed that the internal circadian clock plays an important role in regulating the oscillating pattern of TFP, which is also supported by evidences at the molecular level by tracking the expression of 16 TFP-related genes. This study adds a detailed picture toward the gap between TFP and its relations to circadian regulations in Syn7942.
Hidden phonon highways promote photoinduced interlayer energy transfer in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures
Authors: Johnson Amalya C. , Georgaras Johnathan D. , Shen Xiaozhe , Yao Helen , Saunders Ashley P. , Zeng Helen J. , Kim Hyungjin , Sood Aditya , Heinz Tony F. , Lindenberg Aaron M. , Luo Duan , da Jornada Felipe H. , Liu Fang
Published: January 2024

Vertically stacked van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures exhibit unique electronic, optical, and thermal properties that can be manipulated by twist-angle engineering. However, the weak phononic coupling at a bilayer interface imposes a fundamental thermal bottleneck for future two-dimensional devices. Using ultrafast electron diffraction, we directly investigated photoinduced nonequilibrium phonon dynamics in MoS
2
/WS
2
at 4° twist angle and WSe
2
/MoSe
2
heterobilayers with twist angles of 7°, 16°, and 25°. We identified an interlayer heat transfer channel with a characteristic timescale of ~20 picoseconds, about one order of magnitude faster than molecular dynamics simulations assuming initial intralayer thermalization. Atomistic calculations involving phonon-phonon scattering suggest that this process originates from the nonthermal phonon population following the initial interlayer charge transfer and scattering. Our findings present an avenue for thermal management in vdW heterostructures by tailoring nonequilibrium phonon populations.
SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance and evolution varies by type and severity of immunodeficiency
Authors: Li Yijia , Choudhary Manish C. , Regan James , Boucau Julie , Nathan Anusha , Speidel Tessa , Liew May Yee , Edelstein Gregory E. , Kawano Yumeko , Uddin Rockib , Deo Rinki , Marino Caitlin , Getz Matthew A. , Reynolds Zahra , Barry Mamadou , Gilbert Rebecca F. , Tien Dessie , Sagar Shruti , Vyas Tammy D. , Flynn James P. , Hammond Sarah P. , Novack Lewis A. , Choi Bina , Cernadas Manuela , Wallace Zachary S. , Sparks Jeffrey A. , Vyas Jatin M. , Seaman Michael S. , Gaiha Gaurav D. , Siedner Mark J. , Barczak Amy K. , Lemieux Jacob E. , Li Jonathan Z.
Published: January 2024

Despite vaccination and antiviral therapies, immunocompromised individuals are at risk for prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but the immune defects that predispose an individual to persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain incompletely understood. In this study, we performed detailed viro-immunologic analyses of a prospective cohort of participants with COVID-19. The median times to nasal viral RNA and culture clearance in individuals with severe immunosuppression due to hematologic malignancy or transplant (S-HT) were 72 and 40 days, respectively, both of which were significantly longer than clearance rates in individuals with severe immunosuppression due to autoimmunity or B cell deficiency (S-A), individuals with nonsevere immunodeficiency, and nonimmunocompromised groups (
P
< 0.01). Participants who were severely immunocompromised had greater SARS-CoV-2 evolution and a higher risk of developing resistance against therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Both S-HT and S-A participants had diminished SARS-CoV-2–specific humoral responses, whereas only the S-HT group had reduced T cell–mediated responses. This highlights the varied risk of persistent COVID-19 across distinct immunosuppressive conditions and suggests that suppression of both B and T cell responses results in the highest contributing risk of persistent infection.
Genomic description of acquired fluconazole- and echinocandin-resistance in patients with serial
Candida glabrata
isolates
Authors: Misas E. , Seagle E. , Jenkins E. N. , Rajeev M. , Hurst S. , Nunnally N. S. , Bentz M. L. , Lyman M. M. , Berkow E. , Harrison L. H. , Schaffner W. , Markus T. M. , Pierce R. , Farley M. M. , Chow N. A. , Lockhart S. R. , Litvintseva A. P.
Published: January 2024

In our study, mutations associated to azole resistance and echinocandin resistance were detected in
Candida glabrata
isolates using a whole-genome sequence.
C. glabrata
is the second most common cause of candidemia in the United States, which rapidly acquires resistance to antifungals,
in vitro
and
in vivo
.
Targeted repression of
topA
by CRISPRi reveals a critical function for balanced DNA topoisomerase I activity in the
Chlamydia trachomatis
developmental cycle
Authors: Shen Li , Gao Leiqiong , Swoboda Abigail R. , Ouellette Scot P.
Published: January 2024

We used genetic and chemical tools to demonstrate the relationship of topoisomerase activities and their obligatory role for the chlamydial developmental cycle. Successfully targeting the essential gene
topA
with a CRISPRi approach, using dCas12, in
C. trachomatis
indicates that this method will facilitate the characterization of the essential genome. These findings have an important impact on our understanding of the mechanisms by which well-balanced topoisomerase functions in adaptation of
C. trachomatis
to unfavorable growth conditions imposed by antibiotics.