bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Axiological concept “cynicism” relating to death in modern sitcoms and stand-up shows
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Gordeeva Maria N.
Published: December 2024

The present work is aimed at identifying and analyzing the main humorous characteristics of the basic axiological concept “cynicism” considered in the context of someone’s death. The relevance of the study is predetermined by the fact that cynicism is considered to be an important value of modern humorous discourse. The current work develops an axiological approach to studying humor, which includes the following steps: defining the reaction of the audience to cynicism related to someone’s death situations (humorous or non-humorous reaction, negative or positive reaction); distinguishing value features of the axiological concept “cynicism” (based on literature on cynicism, definitions in dictionaries, and analysis of data); analyzing the language tools used to express the axiological concept of cynicism, death situations in particular; identifying the conceptual opposition of the axiological concept of cynicism in a particular death context; determining the type of the corresponding character to evaluate the level of possible empathy of the audience for a humorous object. The data analyzed in the article comprises recordings and scripts of episodes of various sitcoms and stand-up specials. The choice of the material is predetermined by its popularity with the audience and number of views. The research showed that in many cases demonstration of cynicism related to someone’s death was accompanied by boisterous laughter and applauding while in some cases cynic reaction to someone’s death caused only laughter, and in several cases there was only moderate laughter. Non-humorous reaction of the audience and characters themselves is expressed by some confused or neutral comments. Main ways of cynicism actualization in relation to someone’s death are: desacralization of funeral rite and taboo; mockery of the dead body, alive pretending to be dead; laughing at the fact and circumstances of someone’s death. The necessity of being sympathetic is substituted for being greedy (willing for money and wealth), being selfish (concentrating only on own interests), and being unemotional (staying indifferent). Cynicism in the form of dark humor, the extreme one, related to someone’s death situations can be considered as a significant lack of humanity and respect to the dead. The axiological concept of cynicism related to someone’s death is usually expressed through the language tools such as antithesis, oxymoron, alogism, etc. In modern sitcoms most of main characters behave cynically; especially cynical are the relationships between family members or friends.
“Portfolio” technology as a mechanism for increasing the educational potential of ethnocultural education
Authors:   National Academy of Education named after Ybyrai Altynsarin, Bulatbayeva Kulzhanat N. , Fahrutdinova Guzaliya Zh. ,   Kazan Federal University, Akhmetova Botagoz S. ,   National Academy of Education named after Ybyrai Altynsarin, Tanibergenova Anar Sh. ,   National Academy of Education named after Ybyrai Altynsarin
Published: December 2024

The authors of the article propose a new mechanism for assessing the useful employment of children, which solves modern social problems of children’s uncontrolled pastime when parents are busy, the lack of effective cooperation between teachers and parents in strengthening the educational potential of the educational process. The proposed mechanism motivates all stakeholders to plan schoolchildren’s development for the entire academic year, the most useful use of extracurricular time, and forms children’s value worldview. This article describes the experience of working with a certain number of students, presents the results in the direction of ethnocultural education. This mechanism can be used both locally in a certain class and in the whole school, including in a rural one. For this purpose, schools and administrative bodies should provide for the presence of certain pedagogical conditions for students to score a certain number of points (the work of circles, clubs, sports sections, cooperation with organizations of additional education, the involvement of representatives of the older generation who are not engaged in work – councils of grandparents, schools of excellence, etc.); an increase in the number of individual creative tasks in academic subjects that require research and implementation of project work in extracurricular time. The results of the experiment clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism for assessing the level of formation of ethnocultural education of schoolchildren through portfolios. The integration of the activities of children, parents, teachers in the value-oriented development of children in the ethnocultural aspect has been achieved. The stimulation of the activity of schoolchildren and their parents by the point system of the portfolio should be considered an effective way for the comprehensive development of the younger generation. The authors of the work are interested in scaling up the proposed project in schools that will show interest in the idea of portfolio assessment, and, moreover, in the future, the integration of portfolio assessment into the content of the competitive score for admission to universities. The use of a portfolio of personal achievements serves as a means of motivating the schoolchild in the formation of morality and universal, national, intercultural values.
Intangible property: Problems of bona fide acquisition and acquisitive prescription
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Lorents Dmitriy V.
Published: December 2024

. The legal doctrine and judicial practice in Russia and Germany usually associate bona fide acquisition and prescription possession (usucapio) with the restriction of vindication in the protection of property rights to movable and immovable things, and the application of such legal categories to other property forms a civilistic dilemma, since the possession of immaterial objects is impossible. The aim of the study is to determine the possibility of implementing the rules of limitation of vindication in the field of relations with intangible property. The objectives of the study are: (1) identification of conditions for the bona fide acquisition of registered intangible property while ensuring the public credibility of state registers and private accounting systems of property rights; (2) establishment of prospects for the legal regulation of the acquisition of corporate, obligation, intellectual, and digital rights based on the acquisition prescription; (3) disclosure of a special approach to the bona fide acquisition of intangible property in the German legal order, which is the closest to Russian civil law from the standpoint of comparative jurisprudence. The study uses the universal method of dialectics, general scientific theoretical and empirical methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, description), as well as special scientific methods of cognition (comparative legal – for the ratio of institutions of bona fide acquisition and usucapio in relation to intangible property in the Russian Federation and Germany; formal dogmatic – for the interpretation of legislation on the protection of property rights to immaterial objects; legal dogmatic – for the systematization of legal categories in the field of acquisition of intangible property). The article concludes that, under Russian law, the bona fide acquisition of property (with public credibility in the registers of rights) or the acquisition of property based on the acquisition prescription is not conditioned by the nature of the vindication of the thing, therefore: (1) the use of these constructions does not turn various claims into vindication if the rights to objects other than things are protected; (2) such legal mechanisms should form a common institution in Chapter 2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which will extend not only to real (rights to things), but also corporate, obligation, intellectual, and digital rights, unless otherwise follows from the essence of the relationship. This is important for property relations that are associated with the entry into the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, registers of shareholders, registers of intellectual property, and distributed digital registers, and, correspondingly, records of shares in a limited liability company, undocumented securities, exclusive rights to industrial property, and digital rights.
The reasons for the investigator’s failure to provide compensation for the damage caused by the crime to the victim
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University, Malysheva Olga A.
Published: December 2024

The subject of the study was the compliance of the procedural, organizational and legal capabilities of the investigator with the requirements of the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and criminal procedure legislation, which enshrine the obligation of the state to provide compensation to the victim for damage caused by the crime. It has been established that the high proportion (more than 70% of the total amount of damage caused) of nonrestoration of violated property rights of victims in pre-trial proceedings, where more resources are available for this, is due to the lack of normatively defined tasks of bodies and public authorities (Rosreestr, Federal Tax Service of Russia, Rosfinmonitoring, etc.) to ensure compensation to the victim caused by the crime within a reasonable time. This reduces the likelihood of establishing property – a security measure in a civil claim, and the prospect of its safety. Taking into account foreign experience, the need to expand the system of security measures used by the investigator in the interests of the victim has been identified. The relationship between the low proportion of compensation for damage in pre-trial proceedings and the investigator’s lack of authority to prevent premature unjustified alienation of property by the accused in favor of third parties is determined. The tasks solved in the article: the need for effective interaction of the investigator with the subjects of security activities – law enforcement, other government agencies and organizations – has been actualized; the directions for optimizing the system of security measures in pre-trial proceedings in order to fully restore the property rights of victims have been clarified; the need to empower the investigator with additional powers of a security nature has been proved. The study employed general scientific methods of cognition: formal-logical, comparative-legal, synthesis, content analysis of scientific literature, expert assessment. The conclusions of the study are based on the results of the study of criminal procedural practice, analysis of materials of criminal cases of investigated crimes, generalization of data from the Main Informational and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, research on this problem by other authors. The investigator’s failure to provide compensation for the damage caused by the crime to the victim is explained by the imperfection of the organization of their security activities, the insufficiency of procedural rights of this subject of pre-trial proceedings, the limited system of security measures to restore the property rights of victims violated by the crime. Solving these problems, firstly, will indicate an increase in the state’s attention to the interests of the victim, and, secondly, it will create additional guarantees for the victim to exercise their constitutional right to compensation for damage caused by the crime.
Saberes campesinos hilados con escrituras transgresoras
Authors: Quintero-Herrera María Salomé , Chacón-Chacón Adriana
Published: December 2024

En mi transitar por las montañas de Boyacá, entendí que para tejer resulta indispensable el hilo y para escribir hay que tener las palabras; teniendo en cuenta que el hilo y las palabras pueden representar y crear los miles de mundos habitados, posibles, soñados y utópicos. Caminar el territorio junto a la comunidad de una escuela rural es transformar mi forma de sentir el mundo. Esta investigación narrada desde la metodología autoetnográfica que emerge de mi experiencia pedagógica como profesora rural en la Escuela Galápagos de Jericó, Boyacá. La propuesta se enfoca en los escenarios, las creaciones y reflexiones de mi praxis docente que me dieron la posibilidad de hilar los saberes campesinos con las escrituras transgresoras; las cuales ponen en conversa, la importancia de llevar al aula el conocimiento experiencial que de paso a gestionar espacios interculturales para que los estudiantes se narren.
Избыточная уголовная репрессия в США
Authors: Nagornaya Irina
Published: December 2024

Предметом рассмотрения является проблема неоправданно высокой уголовной репрессии в США, связанная с избыточной криминализацией деяний и чрезмерно жесткими наказаниями. Изучаются предпосылки подобного явления, отмечается отношение общества к уголовному праву как к средству решения социально-экономических проблем и борьбы с финансовым кризисом. Рассматриваются отдельные примеры, свидетельствующие об избыточном применении уголовной ответственности, в том числе Закон РИКО. Указывается на недостаточную проработку субъективной стороны преступления (mens rea) в предлагаемых Конгрессу США законопроектах, а также на расширительное толкование судами федерального законодательства. Анализируются последствия такого положения дел, в том числе невозможность обеспечить знание многочисленных законов и подзаконных актов, нарушение процессуальных гарантий. Отдельной проблемой является переполненность тюрем, что влечет нарушение основных прав человека и невозможность удовлетворения элементарных физических потребностей. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме уголовной ответственности несовершеннолетних, решениям Верховного суда США, связанным с невозможностью применения наиболее строгих наказаний к лицам, не достигшим 18 лет. В целях преодоления избыточной уголовной репрессии в отношении указанных лиц американские исследователи предлагают ввести в действие систему восстановительного правосудия. Последнее помогает сократить уровень рецидива среди несовершеннолетних. Также предлагается установить возможность применения положений, касающихся уголовной ответственности несовершеннолетних, к лицам старше 18 лет, но не достигшим 25-летнего возраста. Рассматриваются истоки движения против избыточной криминализацией деяния, которое зародилось после принятия Примерного уголовного кодекса США и не имеет политической окраски, включая в себя деятелей республиканцев и демократов. Приводятся рекомендации американских ученых в отношении федерального законодателя и деятельности судов, в частности предложение о признании добросовестного заблуждения (ошибки) в качестве защиты от уголовного преследования. Целью статьи является систематизация опыта США для изучения сходных явлений в нашей стране и противодействия им, так как, несмотря на некоторое снижение количества лиц в местах лишения свободы в России, данные проблемы остаются чрезвычайно острыми.
О длящихся административных правонарушениях
Authors: Panov A.V.
Published: December 2024

В статье автор на основе типичных случаев из судебной практики анализирует современное состояние разработанности проблемы квалификации административных правонарушений в качестве длящихся. На основе проанализированных подходов к понятию длящегося правонарушения формулируются критерии, которым должно удовлетворять понятие «длящееся правонарушение». Автор отмечает, что различия в понимании судьями данного термина приводят к появлению большого количества судебных постановлений, призванных исправлять ошибки в толковании норм закона нижестоящими судами. Это ведет к увеличению нагрузки на систему в целом и фактически к появлению прецедента, поскольку отсутствие в законе четкого определения данного понятия вынуждает российские суды вырабатывать в каждом деле подход к возможности отнесения правонарушений в определенной области к категории «длящихся». Подчеркивается также важность вопроса, какое правонарушение считать длящимся, поскольку ст. 4.5 Кодекса об административных правонарушениях РФ устанавливает срок привлечения к административной ответственности в два месяца (или один год по указанным составам), который по общему правилу начинает течь со дня совершения нарушения, а в случае с длящимся правонарушением — со дня его обнаружения. Момент обнаружения длящегося правонарушения является не менее актуальным вопросом в судебной практике, так как в силу ч. 2 ст. 4.5 КоАП РФ именно с него исчисляется срок давности привлечения к административной ответственности. В статье отмечается, что буквальное следование приведенным определениям в ряде случаев не в полной мере согласуется с порядком возбуждения дела об административном правонарушении, ведь в силу п. 1 ч. 1 ст. 28.1 КоАП РФ возбуждение дела связано с получением достаточных данных, указывающих на наличие события административного правонарушения. На момент составления протокола об административном правонарушении у уполномоченного лица могут отсутствовать все необходимые документальные подтверждения. Время, необходимое для их сбора, может превышать давностный срок и в результате в возбуждении дела будет отказано по истечении срока давности. Такие ситуации возникают, например, при назначении по материалам проверки соответствующей экспертизы.
REDI-NET S-5 SOIL SHIPPING v2
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: December 2024

This protocol describes proper packaging and shipping of preserved sediment samples.
REDI-NET T-4 TICK TESTING v2
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: December 2024

This SOP provides guidance on procedures of Oxford Nanopore sequencing to generate sequencing reads for downstream data analysis and pathogen detection.
REDI-NET SW-4 SWAB TESTING v2
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: December 2024

This SOP provides guidance on procedures of Oxford Nanopore sequencing to generate sequencing reads for downstream data analysis and pathogen detection.
The Results of the Round Table “Soft Power of Russia and India: Commonalities and Differences”
Authors: Naumov A. O. , Andreeva N. V.
Published: December 2024

The article is an overview of the round table “Soft power of Russia and India: Commonalities and differences”, held at the Faculty of Public Administration of Lomonosov Moscow State University in February 2023. This event brought together representatives from various Russian scientific and educational centers. The Russian Federation and the Republic of India are unique civilization states with rich cultural and historical heritage. In the current era of massive geopolitical restructuring, the dynamic development of Russian-Indian relations is of great value for both countries and is becoming particularly relevant. The speakers analyzed the key parameters measuring the soft power of leading states, including Russia and India. The priorities of India’s soft power policy in Central Asia were determined, the issues related to digital and media diplomacy of Moscow and New Delhi were highlighted, and the main institutions and directions of India’s soft power and public diplomacy in Russia were outlined. The reporters also drew attention to a number of difficulties faced by Russia and India in implementing their policies in this area, including the relatively recent start of their full-fledged use in the international arena and associated institutional problems. The roundtable participants came to the conclusion, that despite a lot of civilizational differences, the Russian Federation and the Republic of India have enormous soft power potential, which they are trying to implement in similar areas both on the international stage and in bilateral cooperation.
War and Cessation of Violence: Designing Just Institutions
Authors: Bojanic P.
Published: December 2024

Institutions are often rooted in violence and power, and war is one of them. At the same time, war continues to be one of the most important institutions that ensure the long-term unity of a group, albeit at the cost of confrontation with another, rival group. Therefore, an important role in cessation of violence is played by how fair new institutions are. It is the justice of post-conflict institutions that makes it possible to achieve sustainable peace. The article considers the features of social and asocial acts that strengthen or undermine relations in a group or between groups and affect the justice of institutions. Cessation of destruction and violence ends the period of forced unification of a group and opens up opportunities for finding other common purposeful activities. The content of this activity is the essence of the project, in which the most important activity in terms of fostering peace is human change. The significant problem for this is when and how war should be stopped, and whether it can be done at the desired time. During the transition from war to peace, various obstacles arise, which often do not depend on the evil or good will of the participants in peace establishment. The author comes to the conclusion that the end of war always faces the problem of fictitious construction of the main enemy, done by each party of the conflict to motivate its population. This fictitious enemy is always presented as the source and cause of the coming total extermination. To establish peace, it is necessary to debunk this fiction.
Symbolization of a Person in Political Action Figures: Communist – Revolutionary – Militant
Authors: Zhurbina I. V.
Published: December 2024

The dominance of neoliberalism provokes an ontological crisis, which manifests itself in the absence of an active figure capable of demonstrating a human behavior pattern different from the one of homo oeconomicus. Going beyond the purely economic approach opens up a new symbolic image of Man, which is represented in modern philosophy by such figures as the Frontline Soldier, the Worker (Ernst Jünger, Alen de Benoist), the Warrior, and the Soldier (Alain Badiou), the Patriot and the Militant (Michael Hardt, Antonio Negri). The Militant takes a special place among them being a political figure presenting a new understanding of the political struggle. The objective of this study is to present the Militant as a figure symbolizing resistance and/or struggle against global capital and its consequences. The article shows that the historical predecessors of the Militant are the figures of the Communist (Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels) and the professional Revolutionary (Vladimir Lenin). Communist ‒ Revolutionary ‒ Militant are seen as figures symbolizing the turn in the political struggle. The Communist in Marx and Engels’ doctrine is a figure through which they assert the need for a turn to the idea of communism, whereas in Lenin’s works the professional Revolutionary symbolizes a turn to the organized and conscious class struggle. The peculiarity of the Militant as a figure is that it indicates the transition from the political struggle against capital and capitalist exploitation (in the understanding of Marxism-Leninism) to the struggle for life. Two ways of representing the modern struggle are considered: resistance to the destructive force of globalization and the struggle of individuals for the right to life.
From Joy to Discipline: Physical Culture in Soviet Feature Films of the 1920s and 1930s
Authors: Kochukhova E. S.
Published: December 2024

The article reveals the peculiarities of the representation of everyday amateur sports practices in Soviet feature films of the 1920s and 1930s. The visual representation of sports in the mass culture of this period has not been studied enough, but it was the display of the athletic body that served both as a means of promoting the emerging physical culture system and as a visual component in the image of the “new man” being constructed in culture. Based on anthropological research on the Soviet era, conducted within the framework of the visual turn, it is argued that feature cinema serves as a significant source for studying the emerging images of physical culture practices. The principles of creating a selection of films are described. The analysis focuses on movie imagery to investigate how the goals of the Soviet physical culture system, articulated in official discourse, were portrayed, and how the image of the athlete was utilized to exemplify the idea of the “new man”. For this purpose, thematic episodes from films are analyzed in terms of their place in the plot, framing structure, physicality, and emotions of the characters. When working with materials, the author relies on the systematic film analysis by Helmut Korte. The key outcome of the study is the discovery of the transformation of physical culture representation in the films of the examined period. While in the 1920s physical culture was portrayed as a source of pleasant emotions, as leisure that did not require special preparation, in the 1930s, it was presented as a serious matter, consistently bringing people together. In the 1920s, sports practices appeared on the screen as a randomly captured glimpse of everyday life, while in the 1930s, they were already presented as a well-constructed spectacle. This visual shift reflects the trend towards the massification of sports and the formation of a new type of sports consumption.
The Price of Progress. To the Question of the Benefits of Writing
Authors: Matveychev O.А.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes an episode of the Plato’s dialogue Phaedrus about the harm of writing to human cognitive abilities. Relying on a number of ancient sources, the author shows that the Greeks of the classical and earlier periods gave priority to the oral word over the written one, primarily in the field of legal proceedings, where written evidence was not considered self-sufficient, could easily be challenged in court by the opposing party and performed only an auxiliary function. The article also exposes the myth about the exclusive role of writing in the formation and development of ancient civilizations in general and Ancient Greece in particular. It is emphasized that even after the acquisition of writing, many cultures were wary of it, seeing the danger of degradation. It was believed that a person who entrusted information to paper, parchment, or clay tablets ceased to develop memory and to use the brain as a means of storing information. In addition, important and secret information placed on a particular material carrier is in danger of being stolen, read by enemies or ill-wishers, destroyed in a fire, natural disasters, etc. The author of the article notes that the “oral culture”, which was the property not only of the Greeks but also all Indo-European peoples, has not disappeared, remaining in the field of the most important information – when making secret political decisions, in the military sphere, etc. The hypothesis is put forward that the catastrophe of the Dark Ages, which plunged Greece and other Mediterranean countries into the darkness of ignorance and barbarism for three centuries, could have been a consequence of the introduction of writing. Having lost the ability to memorize long texts and entrusting the most important information to “external carriers”, people of the Bronze Age could easily lose it for a number of reasons. The price of progress turned out to be extremely high for the peoples of the Mycenaean era. Recalling the consequences of that collapse, the author of the article calls for more careful consideration of the arguments deployed by modern opponents of digitalization.
Rechtsstaat and Rule of Law: Evolution of Two Doctrines in Context of Developing a New Historiographical Model of Political and Legal Knowledge
Authors: Shaveko N.A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines two theoretical issues related to the doctrines of Rechtsstaat and rule of law. The first issue concerns the relationship between these concepts. The author of the article argues that the differences between them are often exaggerated and are not significant from a normative perspective. The second issue addresses the contribution of Russian pre-revolutionary jurisprudence to the development of the Rechtsstaat doctrine. The article analyzes the main ideas of Russian legal scholars and evaluates them in the light of the current state of legal philosophy and theory. It is emphasized that the idea of Rechtsstaat has taken a unique form in Russia, with many theories remaining relevant and progressive even today. Thus, Russian thinkers’ understanding of the rule of law as a relative concept, subordinate to a higher moral ideal, allows for the following: 1) distinguishing the ideal of Rechtsstaat from other ideals by giving it a specific (formal) meaning, 2) recognizing the potential for social regulation not only through law and other normative regulators, but also by totally different means, and 3) providing theoretical justification for the violation of law in certain cases, without resorting to vague concept of “lawlessness”. With a broader (substantive) understanding of Rechtsstaat, Russian legal scholars’ interpretation of human rights as a means of personal development, rather than as a tool for isolating individuals from society and indulging any of their desires, is of interest. The theoretical basis of the study is formed by both domestic and foreign research on the rule of law and Rechtsstaat. The primary method is generalization, which allows demonstrating the general direction of the evolution of the doctrines under consideration and identifying similar ideas among different authors. The relevance of the research stems from the need to protect the history of legal thought from various ideological distortions. In addition, the study of the Russian tradition of philosophical and legal thought ensures cultural continuity, which is important for the development of a consolidating national identity.
Moral Rhetoric of Cancel Culture: Paradoxes in the Concept of Historical Responsibility
Authors: Kotunova O.V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the problems of structural organization of cancel culture, the formal and substantive implications of these issues. The object of the study is cancel culture as a discourse that performs a specific function within the discursive spaces of historical memory and symbolic politics. The primary tool of cancel culture discourse is moral rhetoric, with the central rhetorical figure being the appeal to responsibility. Cancel culture is recognized as a discourse of conflict aimed at restoring justice and is analyzed in a comparative framework alongside the discourse of judgment. It is shown that moral rhetoric provides instrumental support to cancel culture discourse, justifying the claims it raises and functioning to idealize the ethos of the group involved (whereas its main function should be to justify the connection between the ethos and a moral ideal). Historical responsibility is viewed as one of key concepts in the moral vocabulary of cancel culture, especially when cancellation practices address the past. Under this approach, historical responsibility turns out to be a complex multi-layered concept – a construct in which the declared goals differ from the outcomes realized. It is argued that the demand for historical responsibility as part of the cancel culture discourse can either be a discourse error or a manipulative tactic. The structure of the cancel culture discourse is analyzed by reference to the discourse ethics of Paul Ricoeur, KarlOtto Apel and Jürgen Habermas. The challenges and paradoxes of implementing historical responsibility within the framework of the cancel culture discourse are revealed through the example of the campaign against the commemorative legacy of Cecil Rhodes. It is concluded that cancel culture, as a conflict-driven discourse aimed at restoring justice, is unable to achieve its stated goal. This suggests that modern society needs alternative discursive models.
Discourse of Historical Justice: Ethical-Political Foundations and Conceptual Contradictions
Authors: Anikin D.A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the use of the “historical justice” category as a public justification for political actions. Despite its frequent use in public discourse, the scientific legitimacy of the concept remains questionable, as its formal definition encounters a range of challenges. Firstly, the status of the main subjects of justice – perpetrators and victims – remains uncertain, since the assessment of their activities in the historical perspective may change over time. Secondly, the so-called non-identity problem is essential, as it complicates establishing the continuity between the victims of historical injustice and the modern communities claiming to represent them. The active use of appeals to historical justice rooted in the doctrine of “moral remembrance”, which arose as a result of World War II and consists of three main principles: the duty to remember, the duty to face the past, and the duty to ensure justice for victims. As the composition and number of leading political actors changed, there was a sharp increase in memorial narratives, and the automatic extension of demands for historical justice to these narratives resulted in an increase in memorial conflicts. In modern public space, the discourse of historical justice has become a crucial tool of symbolic struggle, often replacing moral attitudes towards the past with political manipulation. In this regard, it seems necessary to distinguish between historical justice as a political tool and as a category of historical ethics that allows determining and assessment of the relationship between historical facts and modern narratives.
ARTICULATIONS IN EDUCATION: ARTISTIC, LINGUISTIC, AND SOCIAL-PSYCHOLINGUISTIC LANGUAGES IN SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Soares Thiago Barbosa
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to discuss about the artistic, sociopsycholinguistic foundations of language and its relations with the school community in the creative process. To do so, we seek to deduce certain communicative notions present in all levels of human productions. We seek to understand how languages (verbal, non-verbal, gestural, etc.) show themselves as inherent and specific materialities of school interdisciplinarity. Thus, we will discuss the importance of the articulation of languages with multifaceted pedagogical resources in a triangular approach, one of the pedagogical methodologies which facilitate creative processes that contribute, among other things, to the integration of an expressively plural and, above all, interdisciplinary learning. To understand this interrelation provided by the languages, we trace the contours of this specific materiality of interdisciplinarity in the artistic and pedagogical creative processes.
CURRÍCULO, DIFERENCIAÇÃO CULTURAL E RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS
Authors: Ferreira Adilson Kamy Manuel
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo estabelece uma reflexão em torno do currículo difundido numa realidade social marcada pela diversidade cultural e étnico-racial. Para tal procura compreender o currículo e o modo como procede diante diferenças culturais e étnico-raciais, questionando as perspectivas curriculares hegemônicas, que encaram a escola como o único espaço de produção e difusão do currículo, bem como a ideia de homogeneização cultural do currículo, que é tido como algo pré-estabelecido e veiculado apenas nas instituições educacionais. Este estudo é caracterizado por uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujo embasamento teórico resulta de uma revisão bibliográfica e documental. Portanto, ao longo do texto busca-se demonstrar o carácter discursivo, contingente e de poder exercido pelo currículo, este que pode ser produzido e veiculado tanto nas instituições formais, quanto nos espaços não formais de ensino e aprendizagem. Pelo que, se recomenda a adoção de uma abordagem dialógica e intercultural.
Palavras-chave: Relações étnico-raciais; Currículo; Diferença.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL, DIREITOS AUTORAIS E PRECARIZAÇÃO: ‘O IMPACTO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS NA DOCÊNCIA EM IES À LUZ DOS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE
Authors: Negri Soares Marcelo , Junior Jorge Manzato Welington , Ramos Menezes Geovani
Published: December 2024

Este estudo delineia as implicações jurídicas decorrentes da implementação de tecnologias de Inteligência Artificial (IA), a priori o Generative Pre-training Transformer (GPT), no contexto dos direitos autorais de professores em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). A pesquisa tem como fulcro a análise das consequências da integração da IA no ambiente educacional, especialmente no que tange aos direitos da personalidade dos docentes e à possível precarização do trabalho acadêmico. Utilizando-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica e análise qualitativa, o estudo escrutina os riscos e benefícios do emprego do GPT e outras inovações tecnológicas emergentes no desenvolvimento de materiais didáticos. Os resultados revelam uma dualidade preocupante: embora tais tecnologias possam incrementar a eficiência e a personalização do processo de ensino, elas também podem comprometer gravemente a integridade profissional e os direitos autorais dos educadores. Esta discussão é vital para impulsionar o debate acerca da implementação de regulamentações bem articuladas, destinadas a proteger os direitos autorais e a dignidade dos professores na nova era digital, garantindo que a evolução tecnológica no campo educacional não subverta os princípios fundamentais, nem tão pouco os direitos personalíssimos.
THE PHENOMENON OF PICTORIAL PHOTOGRAPHY'S FORMATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Horianskyi S.
Published: December 2024

Pictorial photography is a specific phenomenon that could only emerge in the context of the formation of photography and the search for its place among other arts.

Since its invention, photography has been actively developing both in technical and artistic terms. The second half of the nineteenth century posed a number of challenges to photography: the question of the nature of photographic images, the role of the photographer in the artistic space, and the place of photography among other arts. Pictorialist photographers tried to solve these problems. In general, this period was characterised by the active development of the visual arts, so pictorialism remains a wide field for research, as it can be distinguished by a large number of interrelated topics: attempts to stylise works in the manner of painting, the technical development of photographic equipment, the influence of photography on artists and their works.

In this work, the author reveals the specificity of the works of pictorialist photographers through comparison with artistic works and highlighting the characteristic features that were borrowed from painting.
Individual dynamics of the maxima ratio of alpha/delta rhythm power spectral densities of patients to assess the onset time of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Kust Sergei Y. , Obukhov Yury V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Okuneva Irina V. ,   Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, Sinkin Mikhail V. ,   Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine
Published: December 2024

To assess the time of onset of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage, an approach based on personal dynamics of the ratio of the maximums of spectral densities of alpha/delta electroencephalogram rhythms in the data of long-term electroencephalographic monitoring was proposed and tested on clinical data. In contrast to the currently accepted estimation of the index based on alpha (8–13 Hz) and delta (1–4 Hz) frequency ranges averaged over the frequency ranges of rhythm powers. The proposed method is based on the calculation of the ratio of the maxima of the spectral power density in the frequency bands of alpha and delta rhythms using the calculation of Fourier spectra with a Hamming window of 3 hours. It is shown that the dynamics of the index of the ratio of maxima of spectral power densities of alpha/delta rhythms reflects the dependence of the development of delayed cerebral ischemia on a steady decrease in the index ten times more than in control patients. The results reflecting the interhemispheric asymmetry of the dynamics of the ratio of the maxima of spectral densities of alpha/delta rhythm power in patients with diagnosed delayed ischemia are presented.
Investigation of the temporal dynamics of delayed cerebral ischemia markers using electroencephalograms wavelet spectra
Authors:   Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Sushkova Olga S. , Morozov Alexei A. ,   Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Sinkin Mikhail V. ,   Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department, Okuneva Irina V. ,   Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department, Obukhov Yury V. ,   Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of a study of the temporal dynamics of some markers of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) identified in delta-range wavelet spectra of electroencephalograms (EEG) using the method of electrical activity analysis. EEG signals of 16 patients treated in the intensive care unit of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Care after surgery for non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage were analyzed. According to computed tomography data, DCI developed in 6 patients, while DCI did not develop in 10 patients. It was found that the patient sample was heterogeneous, namely, in 10 patients (4 patients with DCI and 6 patients without DCI) of 16, the development of DCI could be predicted with 100% accuracy using the studied markers 48 hours after surgery; in the remaining 6 patients (2 patients with DCI and 4 patients without DCI), the studied markers give contradictory results. In this paper, the dynamics of DCI markers is studied using the first sample of patients. Using the second sample, the reasons why the studied markers may give an incorrect prognosis of DCI development in some patients are discussed. It is shown that the studied DCI markers allow not only the accurate prediction of the development of DCI in some patients but also the tracking of the dynamics of the patient’s condition after surgery.
Atrevámonos a cambiar la educación
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Molinari Palomino Guillermo , Bustos Aparicio Heriberto ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2024

La educación es el pilar fundamental en la construcción de sociedades inclusivas y prósperas, y en el contexto peruano, su transformación se ha vuelto urgente. En la primera edición de Atrevámonos a cambiar la educación, publicada en marzo de 2021, nos encontrábamos en medio de una crisis sanitaria global que obligó a repensar y reevaluar cómo educar para formar ciudadanos que prioricen el bien común, recuperen valores éticos y humanos, y desarrollen estrategias creativas para la reactivación económica, así como la superación de la pobreza. Estos esfuerzos son esenciales para mitigar los efectos de la pandemia y construir una sociedad democrática y cohesionada. A lo largo de la última década, el país ha sido testigo de una serie de promesas en el ámbito educativo que, si bien inicialmente generaron expectativas y esperanzas, aún no se han cumplido. Muchas de estas iniciativas, como la construcción de colegios, la implementación de programas de formación docente y la adquisición de tecnología educativa, no lograron materializarse. Esta situación ha alimentado un creciente descontento en la comunidad educativa, que —como señalan los autores— siente frustración ante un sistema que no responde a las necesidades de la educación de calidad. En esta segunda edición, que llega tres años después, se han incorporado nuevas actividades educativas y normativa que han influido en el panorama educativo del país. Por tanto, el libro presenta una línea de tiempo que incluye eventos clave, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, los cuales han marcado el rumbo de la educación en el Perú. Este enfoque histórico es fundamental para comprender las carencias que persisten en la educación pública, especialmente frente a la educación privada. Reconocer estas diferencias es el primer paso para generar sinergias que ayuden a reducir las brechas de aprendizaje y mejorar la calidad educativa en su conjunto.
Evaluating the effectiveness of dental sealants in caries prevention and tooth protection
Authors: Albadrani Abeer A. , Almuzayil Faisal A. , Bushnaq Hawazen Z. , Alotaibi Abdullah A. , Alqarni Khadija M. , Almutairi Amal S. , Algarni Mohammed S. , Alanazi Loloah L. , Alnowisser Mashael A. , Albogmi Ghaliah S.
Published: December 2024

Dental sealants are a proven preventive measure against dental caries, particularly on occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars, which are prone to decay. By forming a protective barrier over pits and fissures, sealants inhibit the accumulation of food particles and colonization by cariogenic bacteria. Resin-based sealants, known for their high retention and mechanical durability, are widely used, while glass ionomer sealants provide additional benefits through fluoride release, promoting remineralization and caries prevention even in areas not directly covered by the material. The effectiveness of sealants depends on factors such as the choice of material, application techniques, and environmental conditions during the procedure. Acid etching and proper isolation are critical to achieving optimal adhesion, while innovations in light-curing technologies have further enhanced sealant performance. Long-term studies highlight the importance of regular follow-up to monitor retention, address microleakage, and repair or replace worn sealants. Despite their benefits, challenges such as cost, patient compliance, and material degradation over time limit the broader application of sealants. Emerging concerns over potential biocompatibility issues, such as bisphenol A release, have prompted the development of safer alternatives. Advances in bioactive sealants and minimally invasive application techniques hold promise for improving outcomes, especially in high-risk populations. Sealants remain a cornerstone of preventive dental care, significantly reducing the risk of caries when properly applied and maintained. Tailored strategies to enhance awareness, improve access, and optimize application protocols can expand their role in reducing the global burden of dental diseases. Future innovations in materials and techniques are expected to address existing challenges, ensuring that dental sealants continue to play a vital role in promoting oral health.
From Hornbooks to Comic Books: "Shakespeare for Children"
Authors: Pearson Meg
Published: December 2024

The Folger Shakespeare Library's current exhibition, "Golden Lads and Lasses": Shakespeare for Children, explores the many ways in which Shakespeare's stories have been adapted, modernized, and packaged for children. The array of materials in the show — Victorian story books, paperdolls, comic books, and movies — provides an inspiring illustration of Shakespeare's continuing appeal for younger audiences.
Still Crazy, After All These Years: Ophelia vs. Clementine
Authors: Buccola Regina
Published: December 2024

Ingeniously collapsing Ophelia's narrative into that of the subject of the ballad "My Darling Clementine," Quinnopolis vs. Hamlet depicts a Danish court in which the female characters are mutually destructive tools. Polonius emerges as a misogynistic director of his ingénue daughter, while Gertrude is literally a prop in this production; her main function is to point out, punctuate, and report on the collateral damage suffered by Ophelia as Hamlet falls headlong into vengeful madness.