bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penegakan Hukum Dalam Keterlambatan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Di Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Setiawan I Putu Yudi , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: September 2024

The increase in population has led to a rapid increase in motor vehicle ownership. Motorized vehicles have become a basic necessity for some people. Ownership of motorized vehicles will be followed by obligations as taxpayers who must make tax payments. However, increasing the number of motor vehicle ownership does not necessarily increase public awareness to be obedient and aware of the obligation to pay taxes. This can lead to legal consequences for both the community and the government. This research aims to find out the regulation in the field of taxes responding to the lack of public awareness of tax payments. With the main problems that will be discussed in this study, namely 1) how is law enforcement in late payment of motor vehicle tax in Tabanan Regency, 2) What are the inhibiting factors in the enforcement of late payment of motor vehicle tax in Tabanan Regency. The research method used is an empirical research method, with a fact approach and legal concept analysis approach. The results of law enforcement in late payment of motor vehicle tax in Tabanan Regency are given a PKB notification letter given a notification letter of STNK validation and a late notice of tax payment, if it has not been replied to from the taxpayer, UPTD PPRD Bali Province in Tabanan Regency will impose penalties on taxpayers such as administrative penalties for interest / fines and inhibiting factors are the lack of awareness of taxpayers in paying motor vehicle taxes, transferring motorized vehicles without transferring names, vehicle owners moving residence.
A Review on Study of Hepatoprotective Activity of Chenopodium Album Linnon CCl4 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Jain Himanshu , Sharma Yogesh Kumar
Published: September 2024

The hepatoprotective activity of Chenopodium album Linn leaves against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity was investigated. Possibilities of Rat hepatocyte monolayer culture and rats were used as in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective screening models also very useful. In the in vitro studies, different extracts and fraction we can screened. Silymarin can be used as reference drug. In the in vivo studies, hepatotoxicity was induced in wistar rats species give satisfactory results as per reported methods and administering a mixture of CCl4: olive oil (1:1, 2 ml/kg, s.c.) can be used for the inducible purpose. The extent of hepatotoxicity can be assessed by measuring the serum enzyme levels. So overall parameters consider for the CCl4 induced hapatoxicity in rats.
Keywords: Antioxidant; Carbon tetrachloride; Chenopodium album; Hepatoprotective
Proteins and Peptide Drugs: Different Routes of Administration for Their Delivery
Authors: Santosh Kumar Rada , Hemanth R.
Published: September 2024

Proteins and peptides have the wide range of therapeutic agents emerged within and the administration is through needle and syringe i.e., parenteral delivery is the choice of route of administration, but it has drawn some drawback related to patient incompliance such as causing pain during administration, sterility and cost of the product though the bioavailability is 100%. The route of administration plays an important role as it have an impact on the therapeutic outcome of the drug, with the advancement in the branch of pharmaceutical biotechnology. Based on the biophysical and biochemical properties a delivery system was designed for protein and peptide based therapeutic and clinical application have come into existence through non-invasive delivery and in addition, this dosage form can be significantly self-administered by patients, manufacturing cost would be less compared to the injections. The main aim is to focus in this review article is the recent advances in the delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides via different non-invasive routes and the barriers affecting the drug transportation, approaches, advantages, challenges.
Keywords: Non-invasive drug delivery, therapeutic proteins and peptides, non-invasive routes.
Contra las teleologías. Un ejercicio de reflexividad en torno a acciones cotidianas de personas con ancestros mapuche
Authors: Cecchi Paula Inés
Published: September 2024

Los procesos de recuperación de memorias mapuche están atravesados por exigencias hegemónicas de pureza, que provocan disputas en torno a cómo nombrar e interpelar a quienes tienen ancestros de ese pueblo, pero no se identifican públicamente como parte de él. Analizar mi reflexividad en un trabajo etnográfico desarrollado en Viedma (Río Negro, Argentina) me llevó a reconocer que los criterios de pureza se fundaban en supuestos y teleologías desde los que me acercaba a las experiencias y los posicionamientos que elaboran esos sujetos alrededor de su pertenencia. Estas personas, planteo, no son pasivas ni sostienen una oposición unívoca a la hegemonía. Antes bien, en prácticas cotidianas de socialización, producen desplazamientos de los discursos hegemónicos y actúan en ocasiones coyunturales, a partir de las cuales se reposicionan en el contexto de los vínculos con sus ancestros. Estos procesos son abiertos y sobredeterminados, y no necesariamente se expresan en categorías de identidad/diferencia.
Socio-demographic­ and ­behavioral ­factors ­of ­carbonated­ sugar-­sweetened­ beverage ­consumption ­among ­adults ­in ­Russia
Authors:   РАНХиГС, Москва, Карцева Марина , Кузнецова Полина ,   РАНХиГС, Москва, Осаволюк Александра ,   РАНХиГС, Москва
Published: September 2024

The paper studies socio-demographic and behavioural factors of carbonated sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among the Russian adult population. The authors analyze five SSB consumption types, classifying them by intensity. The research is based on the Rosstat Population Health Survey 2022 microdata. The results show that males, young and single people are more likely to consume SSB (including hazardous quantities of SSB). Furthermore, SSB consumption is associated with adverse health behaviours (unbalanced diet, unhealthy habits, low physical activity). A warmer climate leads to more intensive SSB consumption. High socioeconomic status (SES) decreases SSB consumption among women, while men’s SSB consumption does not correlate with SES. Intense sports activities increase the risk of SSB consumption by men, while for women, we do not observe the effect. The results indicate that men and young people are not sufficiently aware of the SSB consumption health consequences.
Trend Analysis of Total Suspended Solids in Inland Waters Using the BFAST Algorithm on MOD09GA Products in Porto Primavera Reservoir – Brazil
Authors: Moncayo Eraso Ricardo Javier , Eraso-Checa Francisco
Published: September 2024

Satellite remote sensing, particularly using the MODIS orbital platform, is crucial for large-scale lake monitoring, allowing the observation of optically active components with suitable spatial and temporal resolution for lakes with surfaces greater than 40 hectares. In this context, the objective of this article was to propose a methodology that improves the retrieval and monitoring of data related to Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in large lakes. The methodology employed involved defining a baseline to map the spatiotemporal dynamics of TSS using MODIS band 1, which generates information in the infrared spectrum and is centered at 645 nm. The method was tested in the Porto Primavera Reservoir (PPR), Brazil. To validate the model, two fieldwork campaigns were conducted in the PPR, where radiometric and water quality data were collected. An empirical model was fitted between reflectance and the TSS data set (r = 0.93, R2 = 0.85, p < 0.01, n = 25). This empirical model was applied to a time series of MODIS images from May 2000 to April 2020. Using the spatial distribution maps, a time series was created from an average pixel of the sampling stations, and then this time series was analyzed to separate the trend and seasonality. The results showed that the average TSS values observed in the time series were 5.79 mg/L. The seasonality of the time series revealed that the highest concentration is recorded in the austral summer (December-February), the rainiest season. The trend component indicates that variations in TSS concentration coincide with exceptional events of increased precipitation and with a homogenization interval of the waters following the reservoir's construction.
Artigo de opinião: sequência didática funcionalista
Authors: Jorge Ana Beatriz Miranda , Do Egito Guilherme Arruda
Published: September 2024

Este texto é uma resenha do livro publicado em 2018 por Vânia Cristina Casseb-Galvão e Milcinele da Conceição Duarte. Nesta resenha, descrevemos sumariamente a organização e o propósito da obra, reforçado constantemente pelas autoras. Além disso, discutimos as possíveis contribuições que o livro pode apresentar para a formação e prática de professores de língua.
ISLAMIC MORAL IDEAS AND POLITICS: ULAMA ACTIVIST HADRATUS SHEIKH HASYIM ASY'ARI AND SHEIKH NAWAWI AL BANTANI
Authors: Baydi Ubaidillah , Hibbi Farihin  , Ali Abdurrahman
Published: September 2024

The article aims to provide an overview of the fundamental ideas in Indonesian national political settings, as well as their significance in solidifying the four pillars of Indonesian identity. Based on a library study of the works of two great Indonesian Ulama, Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani and Sheikh Hasyim Asy'ari, which were later analyzed using the content analysis method, the results revealed that the theological principles of the masters' actions in both the Qur'an and the hadith remained the basis of obedience, unity, brotherhood, and solidarity. Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani generally supports components of national commitment, conservation, and natural resource management in the political Islamic framework, and he does not oppose the concept of truth. While Sheikh Hasyim Asy'ari emphasized characteristics of government management such as leadership maturity, unity, and brotherhood, which resulted in the formation of the four national pillars as a consensus among the nation's citizens.
CONCEPÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS DE CIÊNCIAS EXATAS E CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS ACERCA DA NATUREZA DA CIÊNCIA: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DA APLICAÇÃO DO QUESTIONÁRIO VIEWS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE QUESTIONNAIRE (VNOS-C)
Authors: Chiesa Bartelmebs Roberta , Venturi Tiago
Published: September 2024

A concepção sobre o que é ciência é construída ao longo da interação do sujeito com o mundo. A fim de investigar como futuros professores de Ciências Exatas e Ciências Biológicas compreendem a natureza da Ciência (NdC). A pesquisa foi realizada ao longo do ano de 2022 e início de 2023, pautada no questionário Views of Nature of Science Questionnaire (VNOS-C), com algumas adaptações e, aplicado dentro de um formulário do Google Forms. Os alunos responderam ao questionário nas disciplinas de História e Filosofia da Ciência (HFC) e de Epistemologia e Ensino de Ciências (EEC), ao final delas.  Os dados permitem levantar indícios de que parece não haver muitos avanços nas concepções de licenciandos. Suas concepções de ciência ainda se enraízam numa visão perspectivas positivistas e empiristas, que por vezes reconhecem um único método de produzir ciência, àquele vinculado à experimentação. Não há clareza entre a ideia de teoria e lei científica. E, pouco valor creditam ao papel da criatividade no fazer científico. Portanto, a partir deste estudo pontual, podemos inferir, em conjunto com leituras da área, que cabem, na formação inicial dos professores, alguns apontamentos para o campo de pesquisas em Educação em Ciências, são necessários aprofundamentos acerca da história, da filosofia, da sociologia e da psicologia das ciências, ou as metaciências na formação de professores. Essas concepções levam tempo para serem (re)construídas e exigem uma carga maior de trabalho que seja relativa a todo o currículo e não apenas concentrada em uma ou duas disciplinas da grade de cada curso.
UNIDADE DE ENSINO POTENCIALMENTE SIGNIFICATIVA INTEGRADA A UMA SITUAÇÃO DE ESTUDO: AVALIANDO O CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO DE ESTUDANTES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA A PARTIR DE UMA TECNOLOGIA SOCIAL
Authors: Fernandes Geraldo Wellington Rocha , Barbosa Gabriela Marques , Allain Luciana Resende , Santos Danilo Lopes
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico escolar dos estudantes por meio de uma atividade interdisciplinar baseada em uma “Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa” (UEPS) integrada a uma “Situação de Estudo” (SE). Para isso, a pesquisa buscou validar a integração da perspectiva curricular SE e a sequência de ensino UEPS, que foi denominada de “Situação de Estudo Potencialmente Significativa” (SEPS). Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi aplicada, junto a 32 estudantes do 7º ano de uma escola pública, uma proposta didática e teórico-curricular, baseada em uma SEPS, sobre o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de uma Tecnologia Social (TS) - o Aquecedor Solar de Baixo Custo (ASBC). Os dados referem-se aos argumentos e à argumentação dos participantes durante as aulas e às respostas a um questionário aplicado ao final da atividade, que foram transcritos e analisados pela Análise Textual Discursiva, a partir de três categorias pré-estabelecidas que caracterizam uma SEPS: 1. Problematização e levantamento dos conhecimentos prévios; 2. Ampliação dos conhecimentos ligados a conceitos disciplinares; 3. Sistematização do conhecimento e avaliação da aprendizagem. Os resultados indicam que a SEPS tem potencial para contribuir para uma educação em Ciências mais significativa, capacitando os estudantes a enfrentarem desafios científicos, tecnológicos, sociais e ambientais com confiança e criatividade, além de fortalecer sua alfabetização científica e tecnológica e promover a capacidade de solucionar problemas do mundo real.
MEDIAÇÃO DIGITAL E REPRESENTAÇÕES MENTAIS: UM ESTUDO SOBRE HIBRIDAÇÃO COGNITIVA NA ARTICULAÇÃO ENTRE HUMANOS E NÃO-HUMANOS NAS AULAS DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA
Authors: Zanatta Ronnie Petter Pereira , Saavedra Filho Nestor Cortez
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre como a mediação digital no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos conceitos de Física Moderna e Contemporânea no ensino fundamental estabelece a produção de mecanismos híbridos de cognição entre humanos e não-humanos, à luz da simetria generalizada de Bruno Latour. Para tanto, escolhemos como conteúdo de conhecimento o fenômeno da fusão nuclear, previsto como objeto de conhecimento na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) de Ciências da Natureza. Diante disso, adotamos a articulação de três referenciais teóricos, a Teoria da Mediação Cognitiva em Rede (TMC), responsável por discutir os mecanismos de mediação como processamento externamente ao cérebro humano e suas implicações na estrutura cognitiva dos estudantes, a Teoria dos Modelos Mentais que classifica e categoriza os tipos de representações mentais e a Antropologia Simétrica de Bruno Latour que fornece uma visão sistêmica, reticular e não dicotomizada da construção da realidade. Os resultados iniciais foram obtidos após as análises realizadas dos questionários e das linguagens verbal e gestual dos estudantes. Posteriormente, realizamos a interpretação dos resultados de acordo com os conceitos de hibridação, desvios e traduções do pensamento latouriano. Constatamos que a mediação digital nesse contexto influencia nos mecanismos cognitivos utilizados pelos estudantes e na sofisticação das representações mentais construídas por eles. Por fim, reconhecemos que tanto o processo de ensino-aprendizagem quanto a construção de representações mentais a partir da mediação digital constituem-se em híbridos latourianos, pois os atores envolvidos passam a compartilhar competências humanas e não-humanas.
UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO SOBRE O PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO: CONCEITOS, REFERÊNCIAS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS EM PAÍSES LATINO-AMERICANOS
Authors: Letiane  Lopes da Cruz  , Da Costa Güllich Roque Ismael
Published: September 2024

No presente artigo, buscamos compreender como as Diretrizes Curriculares que fundamentam o atual currículo escolar de diferentes países latino-americanos apresentam as referências, concepções e estratégias de ensino e de formação de professores na perspectiva do Pensamento Crítico (PC). Objetivamos identificar as concepções/referenciais do PC e as estratégias de ensino apontadas nesses documentos e suas potencialidades em promover esse pensamento. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como campo empírico de análise as Diretrizes Curriculares e as Diretrizes de Formação de Professores de diferentes países, a saber: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Paraguai e Peru, analisadas à luz da análise de conteúdo. Assim, por meio dos resultados produzidos, identificamos duas concepções centrais de PC que perpassam os documentos educacionais latino-americanos, sendo elas: Pensamento Crítico e o agir criticamente e o Pensamento Crítico como emancipação e transformação social. Em todos os países e documentos sobressai a concepção de Pensamento Crítico focado no agir criticamente. Em relação às estratégias de ensino, encontramos um total de 76 diferentes estratégias presentes nos documentos analisados, as quais foram classificadas conforme seu potencial em promover o PC: Informativas, Exploratórias, Reflexivas e Críticas, destacando-se principalmente estratégias de cunho Exploratório. Desse modo, defendemos, que os processos de ensino e de formação em Ciências dos países latino-americanos necessitam priorizar especialmente estratégias de ensino de cunho Reflexivo e Crítico, uma vez que estas são as mais indicadas para a promoção do PC e a formação de cidadãos críticos, criativos e alfabetizados cientificamente em sociedade. Portanto, salientamos a necessidade de vincular/alinhar as Diretrizes Curriculares com as Diretrizes de Formação de professores, pois ao passo que os professores possuem acesso a uma formação sob a perspectiva do PC, poderão melhor compreender e desenvolver processos de ensino e de aprendizagem que favorecem e estimulam o ser/estar/agir criticamente sobre o mundo, visando a emancipação e transformação social.
Counterfeit Cosmetics Perception Among Muslim Government Servants in Wisma Persekutuan Kota Bharu, Kelantan
Authors: Abdullah Thani Ayu Kamareenna , Amalin Azhari Nurul Nadhira , Amran Atiela , Rosely Nurhidayah , Nik Min Nik Mohd Faris , Haidar Ishak Muhammad Ammar
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study is to determine if there is a notable disparity in the perception among Muslim consumers regarding counterfeit cosmetic items in Wisma Persekutuan Kota Bharu based on their level of religiosity and brand consciousness. A total of 219 questionnaires were gathered from Muslim government servants residing in Wisma Persekutuan, Kota Bharu, Kelantan through the simple random sampling technique, and the data were then subsequently examined using SPSS software. The study's results indicated a notable correlation between brand consciousness and the impression of Muslim government servants in Wisma Persekutuan Kota Bharu regarding counterfeit cosmetics. Additionally, the results indicated that there is no significant correlation between religiosity in relation to the attitude of Muslim government servants in Wisma Persekutuan Kota Bharu regarding counterfeit cosmetics. This study enhances the existing literature pertaining to the research in the field of Halal cosmetics and offers valuable insights to authorities regarding the perception of counterfeit cosmetic products among Muslim consumers. These findings can assist authorities in improving the regulation of the halal cosmetic industry.
Bibliometric Analysis of Cultural Event Publications (2001-2023)
Authors: Mohamed Ahmad Edwin , Abd Shukor Suryati , Alwi Mohamad Khairi , Zamzuri Norol Hamiza
Published: September 2024

Scholars from all around the world are paying more and more attention to cultural event studies as evidenced in several academic publication databases. The existing studies are mainly based on empirical studies using surveys and interviews, and some are based on conceptual papers. However, bibliometric analysis of cultural events has been largely neglected. This study uses a bibliometric analysis approach to get an overview of the landscape, development, and trends of cultural event studies. In addition to that, a bibliometric analysis also enables the researcher to identify prominent authors, institutions, and countries that actively participated in the cultural event studies. This study also aimed at establishing a series of visualization maps using VOSviewer software that displays the links between authors, institutions, and keyword occurrences. A total of 3,578 scientific documents relating to cultural events in various forms were retrieved from the Elsevier Scopus database. Using this database, the bibliometric analysis has been able to identify some prominent authors in this field, the most productive institutions, frequent keywords, top funders, and so on. In conclusion, this paper also provides some key information for future researchers in identifying important research gaps by examining the keyword occurrences relating to cultural events.
The main strength material parameters of deformable cement adhesives
Authors: Karpiesiuk Jacek
Published: September 2024

The deformable cement adhesives types C2S1 and C2S2 are usually used to glue ceramic slabs onto so-called critical substrates (other than concrete), including under changing weather conditions. The declared strengths of these adhesives attached to substrates can be found in the manufacturer’s standards and declarations. The use of cement adhesives on surfaces other than concrete or in other applications, such as a lightweight heated floor system (LHFS), should meet safety standards. To determine this, basic strength parameters for deformable adhesives, which have not been specified until now, need to be set. For this purpose, many analyses were performed, such as tensile and compressive strength tests, as well as the measurement of displacements in the thermal chamber, using, for example, digital image correlation and extensometric techniques. It was possible to define the main strength parameters of deformable adhesives, such as Young’s modulus (E), Poisson’s ratio (ν) and linear thermal expansion coefficient (α). These multiple measuring techniques were able to authenticate the obtained results, determining the maximum compressive strength of deformable adhesives, as well as longitudinal and transverse deformations. The research material parameters E, ν and α can be used for the calculation of LHFS with a heating coil, as well as for other building partitions or on critical substrates (different from concrete), using some of the many numerical methods available.
The Association between PCAOB Revenue-Deficient Audit Engagements and Revenue Quality
Authors: Abbott Lawrence J. , Boland Colleen M. , McCarthy Sean M. , Swenson Laura A.
Published: September 2024

The Big 4 auditors are inspected annually by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), with the summarized findings (labeled “audit deficiencies”) being publicly available on its website. Although the PCAOB claims that its inspection findings and process are designed to increase audit quality, there is limited empirical evidence to support this claim. We examine whether changes in revenue-deficient audit engagements are associated with subsequent year changes in client revenue quality. A revenue-deficient audit engagement is an inspected engagement that has at least one revenue-related audit deficiency. To infer audit quality, we link year-over-year changes in revenue-deficient audit engagements to the subsequent year’s change in engagement-level revenue quality—a common financial reporting quality proxy. We predict that audit firms will react asymmetrically to changes in revenue-deficient audit engagements: increases will prompt audit quality improving actions, but decreases will not. Our results support our prediction.

JEL Classifications: M42.
Association of surgeon volume with complications following direct anterior approach (DAA) total hip arthroplasty: a population-based study
Authors: Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Bagouri Elmunzar , Pincus Daniel , Paterson J Michael , Ravi Bheeshma
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) can be performed through various surgical approaches, including direct anterior (DAA). DAA-THA may offer faster recovery but carries a higher risk of complications, which may be mitigated by surgeon volume and experience. We examined the association of surgeons’ annual surgical volume with major complications after DAA-THA in a population-based sample.Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was carried out on primary DAA-THA patients in Ontario between April 2016 and March 2021. We used restricted cubic splines to visually define the association between annual DAA surgeon volume and the risk of major surgical complications (fractures, dislocations, infections, and revisions) within 1 year of surgery. We further compared the complication rates amongst different DAA volume categories (< 30, 30–60, and > 60 cases/year).Results: The study encompassed 9,672 DAA-THA patients (52% female, median age 67 years). We showed a sharp decline in the probability of complications as the surgical volume of DAA-THA increased within the lower range of 0–30 cases/year; the probability slightly increased after the surgical volume exceeded 60 cases/year. The overall complication rates were 3.09%, 2.24%, and 2.18% for the surgical experience group of < 30 cases/year, 30–60 cases/year, and > 60 cases/year, respectively.Conclusion: There was an inverse relationship between surgical volume and complication rates in DAA-THA within the lower volume ranges. Maintaining a surgical volume of at least 30 DAA-THA cases/year can minimize complications, emphasizing the importance of surgical volume in this approach.
To what Extent does Vitamin D and its Serum Levels Influence the Severity of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Literature Review
Authors: Lackner Lea , Zyriax Birgit-Christiane , Stephan Brigitte
Published: September 2024

Vitamin D plays a role in inflammatory skin conditions and can improve them. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an autoinflammatory chronic skin disease in which most patients exhibit a hypovitaminosis D. However, it is uncertain whether vitamin D supplementation could relieve the severity of HS. A systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted on 4 September 2023. Studies that investigated vitamin D and its potential implications for the severity of HS were included. In contrast, studies that focused on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency were excluded, as well as studies on syndromic HS. Seven studies with a total of 575 patients were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 3 utilized a cross-sectional design, 2 were pilot studies, 1 a controlled cohort study, and 1 a prospective case-control study. In all included studies, HS patients were vitamin D deficient. There was evidence indicating that serum vitamin D levels negatively correlated with the severity of the disease, and at least suggestive evidence that vitamin D supplementation could have a positive impact on the course of HS. To better understand these correlations, conducting a randomized controlled trial study on vitamin D and its effects on HS severity is imperative.
Efficacy of selective neurotomy for focal lower limb spasticity: a systematic review
Authors: Ploegmakers Danique J.M. , Van Duijnhoven Hanneke J.R. , Duraku Liron S. , Kurt Erkan , Geurts Alexander C.H. , De Jong Tim
Published: September 2024

Objective: Selective neurotomy has been suggested as a permanent treatment for focal spasticity. A systematic literature review was performed to investigate the efficacy of selective neurotomy regarding focal lower limb spasticity.
Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases was carried out. Studies were included if they reported on the following outcomes: muscle tone, muscle strength, pain, ankle range of motion and/or walking speed, after selective lower limb neurotomy in any type of upper motor neuron syndrome.
Results: A total of 25 non-randomized and/or uncontrolled studies and 1 randomized controlled study were selected. The included studies reported improvements in terms of leg muscle tone, pain, passive range of ankle motion, and walking speed.
Conclusion: The results suggest that selective neurotomy is effective for reducing lower limb spasticity, without any negative effects on walking speed. However, this conclusion is primarily based on uncontrolled case series, whereas conclusions on clinical efficacy should preferably be based on comparison with a reference treatment through (randomized) controlled trials. Future studies should also include quantitative, validated functional assessment tools to further establish the efficacy of selective neurotomy as long-lasting treatment for patients with focal lower limb spasticity.
Avances en el Manejo de la Asfixia Neonatal: Estrategias y Resultados
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Quijije Chávez Vilma Rocío , Betancourt Zambrano Shirley Vanessa ,   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Verdezoto Michuy Carmen Lisbeth ,   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Macías Sánchez Karen Gabriel ,   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo
Published: September 2024

El manejo de la asfixia neonatal ha experimentado avances significativos en los últimos años, mejorando sustancialmente los resultados para los neonatos afectados por esta condición crítica. Este artículo revisa los desarrollos más recientes en la resucitación neonatal, el enfriamiento terapéutico, la vigilancia fetal y la prevención prenatal. A través de una metodología documental, se ha revisado una amplia gama de literatura científica publicada entre 2020 y 2024 para evaluar cómo estas innovaciones han impactado la práctica clínica. Los avances en las técnicas de resucitación, como la ventilación con presión positiva y las nuevas estrategias de ventilación, han demostrado ser efectivos en la reducción del daño cerebral asociado con la asfixia neonatal. El enfriamiento terapéutico ha mostrado mejoras notables en la reducción del daño neurológico, aunque su implementación sigue siendo variable. La vigilancia fetal, a través de nuevas tecnologías y algoritmos, ha mejorado la detección temprana del sufrimiento fetal, facilitando intervenciones oportunas. Además, las prácticas de prevención prenatal han contribuido a reducir el riesgo de asfixia neonatal mediante la gestión adecuada de factores de riesgo maternos. A pesar de estos avances, persisten desafíos como la variabilidad en la implementación de protocolos y el acceso desigual a tecnologías y cuidados de alta calidad. La estandarización de prácticas y la capacitación continua del personal son esenciales para maximizar los beneficios de estos avances. El artículo concluye que, aunque se han logrado mejoras significativas, se requiere una colaboración continua entre investigadores, profesionales de la salud y responsables de políticas para superar los desafíos restantes y garantizar una atención óptima para todos los neonatos afectados por la asfixia.
Psoriasis del cuero cabelludo etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Lima Erréis Daniela del Cisne , Lara Solís Paola Alejandra ,   Investigador Independiente, Vasco Martínez Armando Juvenal ,   Investigador Independiente, Jiménez Zambrano Andrea Cristina ,   Investigador Independiente
Published: September 2024

La psoriasis es una enfermedad inflamatoria que suele manifestarse como pápulas y placas rojas, con una descamación de color plateado. Varios factores contribuyen a su desarrollo, incluida la genética. Los traumatismos, las infecciones y ciertos medicamentos son los factores desencadenantes más comunes. Los síntomas suelen ser leves, aunque pueden provocar una picazón de leve a intensa. Las consecuencias cosméticas pueden ser importantes. Algunas personas también desarrollan artritis psoriásica. El diagnóstico se basa en la apariencia y distribución de las lesiones. Las opciones de tratamiento pueden incluir terapias tópicas (como corticosteroides, análogos de la vitamina D3, inhibidores de la calcineurina, tazaroteno, roflumilast, tapinarof, emolientes de ácido salicílico, alquitrán de hulla, antralina), fototerapia y, en casos graves, medicamentos sistémicos (como metotrexato, administración oral). retinoides, ciclosporina, otros inmunosupresores agentes biológicos o moléculas pequeñas).
Mapmonkey: The University of Adelaide Geocoding Service
Authors: Kelly Lan , Taylor Danielle , Lange Jarrod , Holton Andrew , Armstrong Mark
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGeocoding converts street addresses to latitudes and longitudes and can be used to link spatial information to existing databases. Geocoding services universally designed for multiple countries do not always produce optimal results for Australian addresses and can be costly and difficult to use without specific knowledge/experience. Limited matching information is often provided, making it difficult to assess geocoding accuracy.
Objectives and ApproachNew technology was required for address geocoding due to limitations of current geocoding methods such as a failure to incorporate the structure of Australian addresses. Software was developed for high accuracy address geocoding using hierarchical probabilistic matching to the Geocoded National Address File. The software facilitates geocoding of addresses which enables linkage of databases for broader research applications, such as geospatial analysis.
ResultsMapMonkey is the University of Adelaide geocoding service for researchers. Its matching accuracy reflects the Australian address structure where state andpostcode have a higher geographic hierarchy than suburb, street name and street number, respectively, when geocoding to a house or land parcel.
Conclusion / ImplicationsSmall area spatial analysis has great potential to inform our understanding of some of the more significant challenges of our time. Geocoding enables data linkage at fine spatial levels which allows more accurate socioeconomic and other data to be used in health and social research. The provision of a high accuracy geocoder will expand research capacity in data linkage and spatial analysis.
Enablers of Cross-Sectoral Data Linkage
Authors: Salagame Usha , Wilson Elizabeth , Hon Tinny , Irvine Katie
Published: September 2024

IntroductionLinkage of cross-sectoral data can add value to health research but it can also present unique challenges and sensitivities.
Objectives and ApproachA case series of cross-sectoral data linkage projects supported by a population data linkage centre from 2009 to 2019 were assessed for factors that may impede or delay data sharing and linkage. Each project was assessed against these factors - classified as technical, motivational, economic, political, legal, or ethical following a systematic review by Van Panhuis et al, 2019 and jurisdictional solutions over time were documented. A multivariable regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of overall project timeframes.
ResultsThe use of linked cross-sectoral data has increasing substantially over time. A progressive decrease in identified barriers to cross-sectoral data linkage was observed. Projects early in the case series were more likely to be accompanied by ethical, political or motivational barriers and in some cases significant delay. Later projects have tended to have shorter timeframes, be characterised by more extensive longitudinal cross-sectoral linked data from a larger number of datasets, and encounter, fewer delays associated with these barriers.
Conclusion / ImplicationsBased on the findings of the qualitative analysis we have mapped the improvements and changes which are enablers of successful cross sectoral data linkages.
Modernization of Record Linkage At ICES
Authors: Azimaee Mahmoud , Chong Nelson , Ma Charlotte , Fehringer Gordon , Kalappa Gangamma , Wang Nan , Qian Cheng , Vermeulen Marian
Published: September 2024

IntroductionProbabilistic Record Linkage of large databases requires a substantial amount of time and resources, resulting in significant costs. In addition, the process is subject to error, particularly during manual grey area resolution of uncertain matched pairs.
Objectives and ApproachThe objective of this semi-experimental desinged study was to compare the accuracy and efficiency of different record linkage approaches. Four different record linkage software packages were selected: AutoMatch, G-Link, SAS Data Quality (DataFlux) and LinxMart. A large data set with all required linkage variables (e.g., first and last name, date of birth and gender) and a common unique identifier with the ICES linkage spine (registry) was chosen to represent our ground truth. Four non-overlapping cohorts were randomly selected from this data source, representing small (n=10,000), medium (n=250,000) and large (n=5,000,000) data sets. Simulated errors were inserted into each cohort to represent a real linkage scenario.
The smallest cohort was used to run a complete record linkage for each software package. Where the software allowed for manual grey area resolution, linkage was replicated by two different linkage analysts who were blinded to the simulated errors included in the data set. The time spent by each analyst on processing, programming and manual grey area resolution was recorded. The larger cohorts were used to measure accuracy and processing time taken by each of the software packages. In order to analyse possible errors, detailed output from each software package was generated to compare accepted and rejected pairs with our ground truth. 
ResultsThis project is still ongoing. Evaluation of AutoMatch, G-Link and SAS Data Quality has largely been completed. The remaining analyses will be completed by August 2020.
Conclusion / ImplicationsThe outcome of this project can inform the record linkage strategy at organizations and data centres such as ICES and help identify more efficient methods that preserve an acceptable level of accuracy for their needs.
Changing education landscapes and (in)equality in Wales: An exploration of barriers to tertiary education using linked UK Census and education data
Authors: Huxley Katy , Davies Rhys
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe Wales Commission for Tertiary Education and Research (CTER) was created in 2024 to oversee a complex system of training and education for adults and young people. The objective of our research was to examine demographic features that prevent or encourage engagement with education after formal schooling, that can be used to inform future CTER strategies.
ApproachThis research considered the personal and family characteristics of learners, and evaluated differentials between characteristics in terms of enrolment, progression/exit and completion in different tertiary education settings (Sixth Forms, Further Education, and Higher Education). Using novel data linkages across 5 different data sources, we used household characteristics from the UK Census 2011 to help contextualise the experiences of learners and explore the manifestation of inequalities in the tertiary education system.  
ResultsThe results indicated that inequities were apparent. Gender, Special Education Needs (SEN) status, and household characteristics including disability, deprivation, socio-economic, occupational and education status’ created barriers to continued engagement in education post schooling.
Conclusions and ImplicationsThe complex and disparate nature of data collections was highlighted by the research, whilst the findings offer areas and characteristics that CTER should consider when creating new initiatives or governance systems for the tertiary education sector in Wales in order to reduce persistent inequalities. Recommendations for CTER that were drawn from the research included: 1) a more cohesive approach to data collection across the tertiary sector, and 2) strategies should assess impacts for those experiencing multiple forms of disadvantage.
How DASH enables external data linkage to support multi-regional research
Authors: Anis Ali , Whyte Carrie-Anne , La Carmen , Ethier Jean-François , McGilchrist Mark
Published: September 2024

A network of organizations works together to support multi-regional health research across Canada. The network comprises 13+ provincial/territorial and pan-Canadian data centres, which collectively hold 500+ data assets. Although the network actively pursues new administrative or clinical data assets, linking to external research data is also a growing need in the contemporary research landscape.
Data from the network’s centres can be linked to external data sources such as that from: researchers’ trials or studies; disease or population-based registries; and data sources from other organizations or custodians. Consultations held with data centers clarified their processes for linking to external data, by identifying and mapping local linkage features to a general linkage model. 
Local processes for data linkage, including necessary agreements and approval steps are now modelled and documented, and available to researchers and the data centres as a resource. This information helps streamline data access and linkages to data assets across the network and externally. Operationally, the network is currently working on 11 data access requests involving linkage to external data, of which three are expected to deliver final data to researchers by spring 2024.
Collaboration with data centres, affiliated organizations, and researchers are foundational in the development of linkage models across the network. These models play a critical role in making linkages across data sources within Canada more efficient and standardized. Data linkages across data assets support the utility of data and health innovation.
Screening for psychological distress in childhood and mental health-related hospital attendance among young adults
Authors: Baranyi Gergo , Harron Katie , Rajah Nasir , Fitzsimons Emla
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe prevalence of mental disorders is high and increasing among children and young people. Investigating the relationship between self-reported poor mental health and mental health service utilisation can provide evidence on the benefits of universal screening, but longitudinal data is rare. 
ApproachData from a nationally representative English cohort (Next Steps) were linked to NHS Hospital Episode Statistics. GHQ-12 assessed psychological distress in Next Steps at age 15; participants were followed until their first mental health-related hospital presentations or were censored at the end of the study (age 27). Cox proportionate hazard models with survey weights estimated associations.   
ResultsOut of 4058 young people included in the analyses, 19% reported high levels of distress at age 15. During the 12-year follow-up, 5.3%, 2.9% and 2.7% of the participants had at least one mental disorder, drug/alcohol misuse and self-harm presentation, respectively, and 4.2% had a mental health treatment. Higher GHQ-12 scores were associated with mental disorder presentations (HR=1.10, 95% CI:1.04-1.16), and mental health treatments (HR=1.14, 95% CI:1.08-1.20). Associations were weaker for young people living in deprived areas, or if their main parent had lower education.
ConclusionsAdolescent psychological distress predicts subsequent hospital attendance in young adulthood, but there are treatment gaps in service utilisation among more disadvantaged individuals. Detecting youth with mental health difficulties through universal screening, may facilitate early intervention, improve life-course outcomes, and reduce secondary healthcare use. 
ImplicationsLinked cohort and administrative data can improve our understanding on long-term healthcare utilisation and treatment needs.
Improving Cardiac Insights: Harnessing Privacy-Preserving Record Linkage (PPRL) to Obtain, Link, and Enhance Data for a Healthier Australia
Authors: Witowski Philip , Sulaiman Windra , Sipthorp Mark , Ismail Adam , Phillips Beverley , Williams Sharon
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveGeneral Practices (GPs) collect vital information on health and disease in Australia, however much of this sensitive data is difficult to share for linkage purposes due to confidentiality and privacy concerns. PPRL techniques have presented an opportunity to work with GP’s, and better understand health conditions such as negative cardiac outcomes in Australia.
ApproachWe utilised two algorithms, GHRANITE and Bloom Filters, to hash 2.5 million records from over 100 GPs. Both approaches utilised the same basic principles: data custodians pass identifying data through an irreversible hashing algorithm, and generate a unique key for each record. The hashing is done at the practice level ensuring that original identifying patient information never leaves GP's premises. Hashed data can be sent elsewhere, and if the same algorithm is used on a different set of data, linkage can be performed on both sets to identify individuals without exposing identifying information.
ResultsThe PPRL process involved encoding over 150 million records from diverse datasets, encompassing hospitals, housing, and other sources. Initial results indicated 70.90% linkage utilising GHRANITE, and 84.10% linkage utilising Bloom Filters. Moving forward, the goal is to provide the linked data back to GPs, enabling them to identify high-risk patients and implement targeted interventions or additional measures.
ConclusionThrough the successful implementation of PPRL, the project has made strides in overcoming data sharing barriers while safeguarding confidentiality. By harnessing innovative algorithms, the initiative has paved the way for more insights into cardiac outcomes and the potential for proactive healthcare interventions.
The burden of acute eye conditions on different healthcare providers in Wales: a retrospective population-based study
Authors: Rawlings Anna , Hobby Angharad , Ryan Barbara , North Rachel , Carson-Stevens Andrew , Smith Mat , Sheen Nik , Acton Jennifer
Published: September 2024

Objective & ApproachDemand for urgent eyecare exponentially outstrips public healthcare capacity in the United Kingdom. Such eye conditions, and related vision impairment, affect the lives of people everywhere. We aimed to quantify the burden of urgent eyecare on primary- and community-care providers in a national population using data produced by General Practitioner, Accident and Emergency, pharmacy and optometry services. A secondary aim was to characterise some drivers of this burden. 
We analysed data from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank (linked), Eye Health Examination Wales Service (unlinked) and Common Ailments Scheme (unlinked) during 2017-2018 to quantify burden. We applied generalised linear modelling and logistic regression to understand drivers.
ResultsOf 365,044 episodes of care during the study, GPs and A&E managed 46.2% (168,877) and 1.4% (5,122) respectively while optometrists and pharmacists managed 51.8% (116,868) and 0.6% (2,635). Older females and infants of both sexes were more likely to use GP prescribing services, while adolescent and middle-aged males were more likely to visit A&E. GP prescribing burden was driven partially by economic deprivation, access to local services, and overall community health. Season, day of the week, and time of day were predictors of burden for GP and A&E services. 
Conclusion & ImplicationsAcute eyecare continues to place considerable burden on primary care services in Wales, particularly in urban areas with greater deprivation. This is likely to increase with an ageing population. With ongoing pathway development to better utilise community care, there may be scope to change this trajectory.