bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Combustion Process of Diesel and Ethanol Fuel in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine
Authors: Zulkurnai Fatin Farhanah , Wan Mahmood Wan Mohd Faizal , Mat Taib Norhidayah , Abu Mansor Mohd Radzi
Published: February 2021

Reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine give advantages over conventional diesel engine with the promising engine power and good control on NOx and soot emission. The trend of the RCCI concept is still new and Is very important to control the ignition in order to control the combustion progress and emission. The objective of this study is to provide data on the combustion characteristics and emission of diesel as high reactive, and ethanol as the low reactive fuel in the RCCI engine. The engine speed and injection timing were varied. Simulation work was conducted by using the Converge CFD software based on the Yanmar TF90 diesel engine parameter. Results show that operating the engine at low speed resulting in better engine performance and low carbon emissions due to the sufficient oxygen contents. For the high-speed engine, advancing the injection timing improves the fuel and air reactivity and steeper the equivalence ratio gradient, which result in a complete combustion process.
Prospects of Application of Innovative Technologies of Scientifi c Music Therapy in Rehabilitation of Patients after COVID 19
Authors: Shushardzhan S. V. , Eremina N. I. , Shushardzhan R. S.
Published: February 2021

Пандемия, вызванная новой коронавирусной инфекцией в 2019 году, привела к заражению более 33 млн жителей планеты и к гибели свыше 1 млн людей. Поиск эффективных методов диагностики, лечения, реабилитации и профилактики COVID-19 вышел в ряд актуальнейших проблем современности. Установлено, что в число первоочередных задач реабилитации пациентов с COVID-19 входят: коррекция функции внешнего дыхания, снятие тревожно-депрессивных состояний, восстановление нарушенных функций жизн енно важных систем и улучшение качества жизни. Очевидно, что при выборе способов реабилитации больных с коронавирусной инфекцией, часто испытывающих по ходу лечения серьезную лекарственную нагрузку, предпочтение следует отдавать нефармакологическим методам восстановления. Данная статья посвящена инновационным методам музыкальной терапии, наиболее перспективным для решения многих стоящих задач на всех этапах медицинской реабилитации пациентов с COVID-19.
A rare case of atypical accessory bile duct: Luschka
Authors: PİRHAN Yavuz , KESER Havva
Published: February 2021

A 56-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with indigestion and abdominal bloating after eating. During routine surgery, a cystic artery, cystic duct, and an additional second duct were detected in the area of the Calot’s triangle. Considering that this channel is the accessory bile duct entering the gallbladder during dissection, this structure, cystic duct and cystic artery were double clipped and cholecystectomy was completed. Bile duct injury is a serious complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Bile leakage from accessory duct of Luschka is very rare. Anomalies of the bile ducts are common due to complex embryological stages of development. We wanted to share the presence of the atypical localized luschka canal that we encountered during gallbladder surgery. In our case, during the dissection of the Calot’s triangle, luschka was considered the main bile duct first, and after extensive dissection, it was concluded that this structure was luschka. During laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations, we recommend that the cystic artery and Canal be clipped after extensive dissection of the Calot’s triangle or even the hepatic triangle in experienced hands
Revealing the dilemma in COVID-19 pneumonia: use of the prone thorax CT imaging in differentiation of opacificities due to dependant zone and pneumonic consolidation.
Authors: GÜRÜN Enes , AKDULUM İsmail , AKYÜZ Melih
Published: February 2021

In December 2019, a disease called Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- COV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China. The disease was declared as a pandemic by the WHO on May 11, 2020. The gold standard to diagnose is a Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Additionally, computed tomography (CT) is also very useful in certain cases.
A 62-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency room with fever and joint pain for five days. She had a history of contact with COVID- 19 (+) patient. Unenhanced lung CT performed in the prone position clearly showed nodular infiltrations in the subpleural/peripheral lower lung areas in the right lung. Another 73-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency room with tiredness and loss of taste for a few days. She had no history of contact with COVID-19 (+) patients. Unenhanced lung CT performed while the patient was in supine position, diffuse nodular opacities in the lower regions of both lungs could hardly be detected. The combined throat nose swab test was positive in both patients. In conclusion, lung CT in prone position is a very valuable method of imaging to show COVID-19 pneumonia; it can distinguish true COVID-19 pneumonia from dependent lung zones in the supine position.
Analysis of JAM-A T>C (rs790056) and LFA-1 2120 G>C (rs2230433) gene variations in uterine leiomyoma
Authors: KÖMÜRCÜ KARUSERCİ Özge , GÜZEL TANOĞLU Esra , PENÇE Halime Hanım , UĞUR Mete Gürol
Published: February 2021

Aim: We aimed to investigate the effect of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) and
lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) gene variants on the development of
leiomyoma in Turkish women.
Materials and methods: Retrospectively, leiomyoma tissues from 102 patients who were operated due to leiomyoma between May 2018 and April 2019 and healthy myometrium tissues from 70 control group patients without leiomyoma who underwent hysterectomy due to other reasons were included in the study. JAM-A rs790056 (T>C) and LFA-1 rs2230433 (G>C) gene variants in all tissues were examined by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16 software package.
Results: The frequency of JAM-A rs790056 CC genotype and C allele was significantly higher in the leiomyoma group compared to the control group (p=0.01, p=0.02), as well as the LFA-1
rs2230433 GG genotype which was also higher compared to the control group (p=0.01).
Conclusion: JAM-A rs790056 was found to be more effective than LFA-1 rs2230433 in
determining the risk of uterine leiomyoma. According to the results, it has been determined that
variations in JAM-A and LFA-1 genes may cause predisposition to uterine leiomyoma in Turkish women.
Favorable effects of close telephone follow-up on Helicobacter pylori eradication success
Authors: Çakır Güney Başak , Düzenli Tolga , Önal Yeşim , Kaplan Mustafa , Tanoğlu Alpaslan
Published: February 2021

Introduction: To determine whether close follow-up by telephone calls is of benefit in Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication rates. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomized into two groups as patients who were followed up by telephone calls (TFG) and those who were not (NTFG; controls). Patients in the TFG group were called every 3 days for the 14 days during Hp treatment and were supported for treatment. Patients in the NTFG group were explained the treatment protocol in detail at treatment initiation and were instructed to return for a follow-up visit 4 weeks after treatment end. The latter group was not given support via telephone calls. All patients were examined by fecal HP antigen assay 4 weeks after eradication treatment. Results: The 242 patients’ age range was 19-82 and their mean age was 45.01 ± 14.6 years. Of the patients, 52.1% (n=126) were women and 47.9% (n=116) were men. At treatment initiation and during medical examinations, 6.2% (n=15) of the patients voluntarily withdrew from the study. Treatment was discontinued in 5.8% (n=14) during the course of treatment due to side effects. Of the remaining 213 patients, 108 were randomized to the TFG group and 105 to the NTFG group. Eradication was achieved in 80% (n=84) and could not be achieved in 20% (n=21) of the patients in NTFG. Eradication was achieved in 91.6% (n=99) and could not be achieved in 8.4% (n=9) of the patients in TGF (p<0.001). Conclusions: Supportive close telephone follow up significantly positively contributed to the Hp eradication success.
A brief review of Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallowtree) in the southern United States, emphasizing pollinator impacts and classical biological control
Authors: Vogt James , Olatinwo Rabiu , Ulyshen Michael , Lucardi Rima , McKenney Jessica
Published: February 2021

Throughout history a great many plant species have been purposefully transported to new areas around the globe. Horticulture, the promise of new sources of plant material for industry, forage, food, and stabilization of soil are only a few of the motives for the early transcontinental exchange of plants. Many introductions have been beneficial or benign, however, some plants introduced into new areas are now considered invasive and detrimentally impact the environment. Chinese tallowtree [Triadica sebifera (L.) Small] (Euphorbiaceae) is an excellent example of the best intentions leading to unanticipated negative effects many decades later. Native to eastern Asia and now naturalized and widespread in many tropical, subtropical, and temperate areas in the world, Chinese tallowtree has proven to be one of the worst woody invasive plants. It is known for shading out native vegetation, capable of dominating areas following disturbance or even invading previously diverse undisturbed habitats. It is prevalent in the southern United States, especially along the Gulf Coast. Investigations into classical biological control of Chinese tallowtree have yielded at least two promising candidates but have raised objections among beekeepers and beekeeping organizations who prize the quality honey produced from an abundant spring nectar flow. In this review we discuss Chinese tallowtree’s invasive characteristics, detrimental effects, potential use as a biomass crop, and demonstrated or potential direct and indirect effects on native and non-native pollinators. We review the current state of identification and screening of biological control agents. Four research questions are presented which are designed to fill gaps in our knowledge of Chinese tallowtree and pollinators. Classical biological control has the potential to reduce Chinese tallowtree populations across the landscape, which would likely result in greater understory and tree diversity, benefitting native and exotic pollinators.
Oecanthus rohiniae sp. nov. (Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new chirping tree cricket of the rileyi species group from Mexico
Authors: Collins Nancy , Coronado-González Isabel Margarita , Rocha-Sánchez Aurora Y. , Govaerts Bruno , Hershberger Wilbur
Published: February 2021

A new species ofOecanthusis described from Mexico.Oecanthus rohiniaesp. nov.occurs in central Mexico in the understory of tropical deciduous forest and is currently known only from Mexico. This new species has the coloring, antennal markings, slightly widened tegmina, and calling song that are found in therileyispecies group. Although morphologically very similar toOecanthus fultoni, the shapes of the distal hooks on the male copulatory blades differ between the two species. There are also differences in the song pulse patterns and chirp rate response to temperature. This new species has been given the common name Cri-Cri tree cricket. Video and song recordings are available online.
Thismia belumensis (Thismiaceae), a remarkable new species from The Royal Belum State Park, Gerik, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Siti-Munirah Mat Yunoh , Suhaimi-Miloko Zainol , Zubir Ahmad Mohammad Ismail
Published: February 2021

This report describes Thismia belumensis Siti-Munirah & Suhaimi-Miloko, a novel species of achlorophyllous herb discovered in the Royal Belum State Park, Peninsular Malaysia. This new species is unlike any previously described species of Thismia. In particular, T. belumensis possesses a unique annulus, which has been expanded and modified into a cucullate (hood-like) structure. This structure covers the apical floral tube and has an opening on one side facing a thickened part of the annulus, and the off-centre floral aperture confers a zygomorphic symmetry to the flower, indicating T. belumensis is more similar to Thismia labiata J.J.Sm. This morphological detail makes this new species distinct from all other described species of Thismia. In this report, we provide descriptions, illustrations, colour plates, and the provisional conservation status of Thismia belumensis.
Transcending disciplines: Engaging college students in interdisciplinary research, integrated STEM, and partnerships
Authors: Kilty Trina , Burrows Andrea , Welsh Kate , Kilty Kevin , McBride Shawna , Bergmaier Philip
Published: February 2021

An authentic, interdisciplinary, research and problem-based integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) project may be ideal for encouraging scientific inquiry and developing teamwork among undergraduate students, but it also presents challenges. The authors describe how two interdisciplinary teams (n=6) of undergraduate college students built integrated STEM projects in a research based internship setting, and then collaboratively brought the project to fruition to include designing lessons and activities shared with K-12 students in a classroom setting. Each three person undergraduate team consisted of two STEM majors and one Education major. The Education majors are a special focus for this study. Interviews, field observations, and lesson plan artifacts collected from the undergraduate college students were analyzed according to authenticity factors, the authentic scientific inquiry instrument, and an integrated STEM instrument. The authors highlight areas of strength and weakness for both teams and explore how preservice teachers contributed to integrated STEM products and lessons. Teacher educators might apply recommendations for teacher preparation and professional development when facilitating authentic scientific inquiry and integrated STEM topics with both STEM and non-STEM educators. Undergraduate college students were challenged to fully integrate the STEM disciplines, transitions between them, and the spaces between them where multiple disciplines existed. By describing the challenges of integrating the spaces between STEM, the authors offer a description of the undergraduate college students’ experiences in an effort to expand the common message beyond a flat approach of try this activity because it works, to a more robust message of try this type of engagement and purposefully organize for maximum results.
Globalizing urban research, grounding global production networks
Authors: Hagemann Anke , Beyer Elke
Published: February 2021

Geographically dispersed networks of production interact with urban economic development and contribute to shape the built environment and urbanization processes all over the world. However, the global manufacturing of goods and their circulation have not yet been given adequate attention in the field of urban research. This article charts a research framework to study the interplay between urban spaces and globalized industrial production. We argue that a relational perspective on multi-local economic processes as provided by commodity chain approaches, specifically the Global Production Networks (GPN) framework, ought to be integrated into urban research in order to grasp the driving forces and the transnational character of urban development in places of industrial production. In the first section of the article, we discuss the conceptual base and benefits of integrating the GPN approach with an urban research perspective centred on the analysis of the built environment. In the second section, we operationalize these considerations in an analytical framework which we apply to a multi-local and relational case study of clothing manufacturing locations in the Istanbul metropolitan region in Turkey, the South Bulgarian province Kardzhali and the periphery of Ethiopia’s capital Addis Ababa. Our findings illuminate the site-specific, yet interdependent mutual transformation of global production networks and urban space, giving rise to transnational spatial formations such as dense industry clusters, dispersed production niches or clearly defined enclaves for export processing. At the same time, they underscore the agency of the built environment and urban planning in shaping the geography of globalized production.
Dermatophytes, dermatophytosis in the Caribbean and potential for herbal therapy
Authors: Gugnani Harish
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Dermatophytes are a group of morphologically related keratinophilic fungi that invade keratinized tissue (skin, hair, and nails) of humans and warm-blooded animals to produce clinical lesions (dermatophytosis). Clinical lesions are traditionally divided according to the site infected, namely, scalp (tinea capitis), feet (tinea pedis, commonly called “athletes’ foot”), groin, inner thighs, or buttocks (tinea cruris, commonly called “jock itch”), beard (tinea barbae), hands (tinea manuum, toe nails or finger nails (tinea unguium, also called onychomycosis), face, non-bearded area (tinea faciei) and other parts of the body, such as arms, abdomen, or legs (tinea corporis). Dermatophytosis is common world-wide and is caused by species of three genera of dermatophytes, namely Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. This study presents an update of ecology of different species of dermatophytes and epidemiology of infections caused by them in the Caribbean. Possibility of herbal therapy of these infections as an alternative treatment is also dealt with.

Methods: A thorough search of literature was made using PubMed, MEDLINE, Biomed Lib, Med Facts, and different sets of key words, viz. dermatophytes, tineas in Caribbean, occurrence in animals, soil etc.

Results: It was revealed that incidence of dermatophytic infections and their epidemiologic characteristics depend on social, geographic, and environmental factors and may change with passage of time. For instance, prior to year 2000, the major cause of tinea capitis in North America for 100 years was Microsporum canis followed by M. audouinii; Since 1950 Trichophyton tonsurans has advanced from Mexico and the Caribbean to be currently a major cause of tinea capitis in North America. The two dermatophytes Microsporum gypseum and M. fulvum, and several Chrysosporium species have been frequently isolated form soils in different countries in the Caribbean.

Conclusions: There is almost complete lack of information on human infections due to dermatophytes in several Caribbean countries. The preponderant occurrence of M. fulvum in Anguilla soils with comparatively rare isolation of M. gypseum is a significant observation. The need for further epidemiological studies on dermatophyosis in the Caribbean countries cannot be overemphasized.
Are Some Subtypes of Video Gamer More at Risk for Gambling Issues? A Latent Class Analysis of a Canadian Sample of University Students
Authors: Biegun Jeffery , Edgerton Jason D , Keough Matthew T
Published: February 2021

Recently there has been growing interest in identifying links between video game playing and problem gambling. As video games continue to take on more gambling-like elements such as loot boxes, there is rising concern that they represent a potential pathway towards problem gambling. In this study, we explored video gamer profiles in a sample of Canadian undergraduate university students (n = 687) to examine whether subgroups of gamers had different risk profiles for problem video gaming and/or problem gambling. Three predominant subgroups emerged: universal, free-to-play, and general gamer classes. Whereas the free-to-play class was associated with higher average amounts of time spent playing video games, the universal class was associated with higher average scores on measures of problem video gaming, problem gambling, and impulsivity. Although motivational differences were evident, there were no significant mental health differences among subgroups in this sample.RésuméOn s’intéresse de plus en plus depuis peu de temps à l’établissement de liens entre la pratique des jeux vidéo et le jeu compulsif. À mesure que les jeux vidéo comportent davantage d’éléments de jeux de hasard comme des coffres à butin, on s’inquiète davantage du fait qu’ils puissent mener au jeu compulsif. Cette étude a examiné le profil de joueurs de jeux vidéo parmi un échantillon d’étudiants canadiens de premier cycle (n = 687) afin de déterminer si les sous-groupes de joueurs présentaient un profil de risque différent pour le jeu vidéo compulsif et/ou le jeu compulsif. Trois sous-groupes prédominants sont ressortis : universel, gratuit et général. Le groupe des jeux gratuits était associé à une plus grande quantité de temps consacrée à jouer à des jeux vidéo, le groupe universel était associé pour sa part à un pointage moyen plus élevé au titre des paramètres de mesure du jeu vidéo compulsif, du jeu compulsif et de l’impulsivité. Les différences de motivation étaient évidentes, mais les sous-groupes de cet échantillon ne présentaient aucune différence importante sur le plan de la santé mentale.
Problem Electronic Device Use in a Representative Sample of Adults in Ontario
Authors: Van der Maas Mark , Hamilton Hayley A , Wolpin Jacob , Ialomiteanu Anca R , Rehm Jürgen , Mann Robert E , Turner Nigel E , Stoduto Gina
Published: February 2021

There is growing evidence of correlations between the amount of time spent using electronic devices in leisure and negative health outcomes. However, studies often lack indicators of problematic technology use, rarely investigate relationships between such problem use patterns and indicators of poor mental health, and use samples that are unrepresentative of the adult population. Using a representative telephone survey of adults, we applied the Problem Electronic Device Use (PEDU) scale to estimate the level of PEDU in Ontario, Canada, and the associations between PEDU scores and a wide range of outcomes with a series of multivariate logistic regressions. We found an average weekly electronic device use of 15.57 hr, excluding work or school, and moderate to severe problem technology use among 7.9%  of the adult population. Moderate to severe PEDU was significantly associated with suicidal ideation, serious psychological distress, problem alcohol use, and treatment for anxiety. Implications for the findings are discussed.RésuméIl existe des preuves croissantes de corrélations entre la durée d’utilisation d’un appareil électronique à des fins de divertissement et les conséquences négatives sur la santé. On note souvent l’absence d’indicateurs de l’usage problématique des technologies dans les études qui examinent les corrélations entre cet usage et les indicateurs de troubles de santé mentale ou qui utilisent des échantillons représentatifs de la population adulte. À partir des résultats d’un sondage téléphonique représentatif mené auprès d’adultes, la présente étude a eu recours à l’échelle d’évaluation de l’usage problématique des appareils électroniques (Problem Electronic Device Use ou PEDU) pour estimer l’ampleur de ce phénomène dans la province (Ontario) et a appliqué une série de régressions logistiques multivariées pour établir des liens entre les résultats PEDU et un large éventail de conséquences sur la santé mentale. L’étude a révélé que l’usage hebdomadaire moyen des appareils électroniques chez les adultes sondés était de 15,57 heures et que 7,9 % d’entre eux rapportaient un niveau modéré à sévère d’usage problématique de la technologie. Des liens significatifs ont été établis entre l’usage problématique des appareils électroniques et plusieurs indicateurs de troubles de santé mentale et de consommation de substances psychoactives. Les implications de ces constats sont discutées ici.
Proses Pembuatan Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Pertanian dan Limbah Sapi di Kelompok Tani Sipakainge,Kecamatan Barru,Kab.Barru
Authors: Sirajuddin Sitti Nurani , Nurlaelah Siti , Rasyid Ilham , Mustabi Jamilah , Rosmawaty Rosmawaty
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT 

This activity is aimed to determine the process of making organic fertilizer from agricultural and cattle waste in Seppee Village, Barru District, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This activity was carried out in July with a demonstration method for the Sipakainge group totaling 25 people. The results showed that the members of the Sipakainge group were very active in making organic fertilizers by utilizing agricultural and cattle waste, therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the activities’ process. 

Keywords: Manufacturing process; agricultural waste; cow waste; organic fertilizer

 

ABSTRAK 

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membuat proses pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah pertanian dan limbah sapi di Desa Seppee, Kecamatan Barru, Kabupaten Barru, Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli dengan metode demonstrasi pada anggota kelompok Sipakainge berjumlah 25 orang. Bagian metode perlu ditambahkan penjelasan singkat pembuatan pupuk organic. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan anggota kelompok Sipakainge sangat aktif mengikuti  pembuatan pupuk organik dengan memanfaatkan limbah pertanian dan limbah sapi sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi kegiatan pembuatan pupuk organik.

 Kata kunci: Proses pembuatan; Limbah pertanian; Limbah sapi; Pupuk organik
Pelatihan Penggunaan Alat Penghalus Kotoran Ternak di Kelompok Ternak Sidomaju Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Widiyono Irkham , Sarmin Sarmin , Airin Claude Mona
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT 

The utilization of manure as organic fertilizer is on the rise, but the coarse form may negatively impact the aesthetics. This community service aims to train the farmers to operate the livestock manure grinder machine. The community service was performed in the Sidomaju livestock group, Panggungharjo village, Sewon, Bantul, Yogyakarta, with 37 farmers. The method for this community service is providing online presentations followed by online and offline workshops. The participation and satisfaction of the participants were measured by direct interaction and analyzed descriptively. The results of this community service showed that all farmers were more enthusiastic to participate in offline activities rather than online ones. All of the participants of the training can operate the livestock manure grinder machine. Based on the results of this activity, it is concluded that the training on the use of grinders for livestock manure machine has been adopted by farmers. 

Keywords: Manure; Manure grinder; Livestock; Organic manure

 

ABSTRAK 

Pemanfaatan kotoran ternak sebagai pupuk organik semakin meningkat, tetapi bentuk yang kasar dapat mengurangi estetika. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan melaksanakan pelatihan penggunaan alat pelembut kotoran ternak. Pengabdian dilakukan di kelompok ternak Sidomaju, desa Panggungharjo, Sewon, Bantul, Yogyakarta yang beranggotakan 37 peternak. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dengan presentasi dan pelatihan secara daring dan luring. Keterlibatan dan kepuasan peserta diukur melalui interaksi langsung dan hasilnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa semua peternak lebih antusias mengikuti kegiatan secara luring. Semua peserta yang hadir dalam pelatihan telah dapat mengoperasionalkan mesin penghalus kotoran ternak. Berdasar hasil kegiatan ini, disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan penggunaan mesin penghalus kotoran ternak telah dapat diadopsi oleh peternak. 

Kata kunci: Kotoran ternak; Pelembut kotoran; Pupuk organik; Ternak
Revisión del concepto de minorías. Especial diferencia a la doctrina y derecho brasileños
Authors: Cardoso de Souza Mércia
Published: February 2021

El término “minoría” ha sido objeto de controversias a lo largo de varias décadas y su significado es algo que trasciende la jerarquía jurídica. Así, la construcción conceptual de minorías ha de considerar un enfoque filosófico, jurídico, social y político. Se pretende aclarar que, según la época y el lugar, entre otros criterios, el significado de minoría puede contemplar o excluir grupos de individuos. Para ello, se utilizó investigación de naturaleza cualitativa, del tipo documental y bibliográfico interdisciplinario en las doctrinas brasileña e internacional. Se demostró que la minoría es concepto dinámico, ya que las minorías se redefinen con el paso del tiempo. De esta manera, el concepto de minorías debería ampliarse para evitar la exclusión de grupos.
Pluralismo jurídico e interculturalidad en México: los jmeltsa’anwanejetik y las juntas de buen gobierno zapatistas
Authors: Cubells-Aguilar Lola
Published: February 2021

Existen en México diversas experiencias de justicias indígenas que se revitalizan, resisten y compiten con el Estado. Analizamos las Juntasde Buen Gobierno zapatistas y los arregladores de conflictos tseltales –jmeltsa’anwanejetik—, procesos con semejanzas y divergencias que conviven en el estado de Chiapas. Conocer cómo se concibe la justicia indígena nos permite desvelar la diversidad epistemológica existente y visibilizar maneras otras se ser-estar-pensar- nombrar y habitar la vida. La reconstrucción del tejido social y la búsqueda de armonía son parte de las raíces de las justicias indígenas, guardianas de ecología de saberes.
Perceptions on School-Based English Teacher Education: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Tercanlioglu Leyla
Published: February 2021

The National Education Development Project (NEDP) is one of the most important attempts to improve the quality of teacher education in Turkey. NEDP focused on the development of practice in pre-service secondary school language teacher education in Turkey. NEDP supported this research to explore student, mentor, teacher educator, and mentor trainer opinions and experiences in depth and understand the actual implementation of school-based teacher education at schools. Individual interviews were conducted in a British University to explore participants' perceptions. This paper will discuss each issue which emerged from the data separately to highlight the issues that appeared important.
The Social Construction of the Child Sex Offender Explored by Narrative
Authors: Gavin Helen
Published: February 2021

The notion of "child sex offender" provokes aversion, but it may be that it is a social construction. We suggest that a Dominant narrative, in which child sex offenders are constructed as irredeemable, persists, despite the emergence of assumption challenging Alternative narratives. A story completion method was used to elicit themes of Dominant or Alternative narratives, theory-led thematic analysis was used to identify them. The use and analysis of narrative and free-form stories are well established in social research, but remain a novel concept in the study of offenders. The results support the persistence of the Dominant narrative with two notable exceptions. Conclusions centre on utility of the narrative method to examine offender constructions, and the pervasiveness of Dominant narratives.
Beyond Technique: An Autoethnographic Exploration of How I Learned to Show Love Towards My Father
Authors: Davis Sean
Published: February 2021

I offer an autoethnographic exploration of my experience with the culture of a marriage and family therapist (MFT) in training. As a beginning therapist I assumed that success would be determined primarily by how well I mastered different theoretical models. This belief shifted during an instance in which I was planning to begin differentiating myself from my family of origin using Bowenian techniques. I experienced a profound shift in the way I interacted with my father – and with others – as a result of an interaction completely void of therapeutic technique. I discuss the ways that this experience changed my view of what it means to be therapeutic. Implicit in my exploration are recommendations for the training and practice of MFTs.
Applying Qualitative Methods in Organizations: A Note for Industrial/Organizational Psychologists
Authors: Ehigie Benjamin , Ehigie Rebecca
Published: February 2021

Early approach to research in industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology was oriented towards quantitative techniques as a result of influences from the social sciences. As the focus of I/O psychology expands from psychological test development to other personnel functions, there has been an inclusion of qualitative methods in I/O psychology practice. The present paper therefore examines how qualitative methods like observation, interviews, ethnography, focus group discussion, nominal group technique, Delphi method, and projective techniques can be used by I/O psychologists in organizational studies. It is believed that knowledge gained on the application s of these qualitative methods would enhance understanding of workers’ behaviors in organizations and facilitate management decisions. Empirical studies are also presented, on how these qualitative methods have successfully been used in organization.
Human Nature and Research Paradigms: Theory Meets Physical Therapy Practice
Authors: Plack Margaret
Published: February 2021

Human nature is a very complex phenomenon. In physical therapy this complexity is enhanced by the need to understand the intersection between the art and science of human behavior and patient care. A paradigm is a set of basic beliefs that represent a worldview, defines the nature of the world and the individuals place in it, and helps to determine criteria used to select and define research inquiry. A paradigm guides scientific inquiry, not only in the manner in which an investigation is performed, but also in how the investigator defines truth and reality and how the investigator comes to know truth or reality. A paradigm guides the types of research questions that will be posed, the methodological approach to the inquiry, and criteria for assessing the trustworthiness of the inquiry. Research plays an important role in enabling physical therapists to fully embrace the values of the profession, including evidence-based practice and client-centered care, in making informed clinical decisions. However, to do so, the research provided must include not only the views of the researchers, but also the lived experiences of the clients as well. This paper provides the reader with a solid foundation in the positivist/post-positivist, constructivist, and critical theorist research paradigms and how they apply in physical therapy practice. Research perspectives in physical therapy are explored, as are implications for future practice in physical therapy.
Maternal Postpartum Role Collapse as a Theory of Postpartum Depression
Authors: Amankwaa Linda
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of a theory of maternal postpartum role collapse. The influences of traditional role theory and symbolic interactionism are presented. The development of the maternal postpartum role collapse theory emerged from the study of postpartum depression among African-American women (Amankwaa, 2000). Major components of the theory of postpartum maternal role collapse consist of role stress, role strain, and finally role collapse. A discussion of the extension of role theory to role collapse as it is related to the postpartum mother is offered as an explanation of postpartum depression.
The use of L-thyroxine in the treatment of thyroid pathologies and problems of therapy control (literature review)
Authors: Pidchenko N. S.
Published: February 2021

Background. Thyroid disease is one of the most common pathologies in the world, wich includs hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. At the present, there is an increase in their cases. The thyroid gland is an extremely important for the health of a person, thyroid hormones are necessary for the normal functioning of all tissues in the body.

Purpose. To structure and summarize scientific findings on the role of thyroid hormones (T4, T3 and rT3) in the development of hypothyroidism, their effect on inhibiting the growth of cancer cells and the cytotoxic effects of these hormones on thyroid cells.

Results and discussion. In spite of a careful study of thyroid function, the use of thyroid hormones and laboratory monitoring in the treatment of various thyroid pathologies remains debatable up to now. In particular, it concerns LT4 + LT3 combination and the role of reversible T3. This is due to a complex regulation system depending on many factors: hormonal homeostasis, nutritional factors, physiological conditions, etc., which together maintain appropriate thyroid functioning. LT4 monotherapy remains the standard method of replacement therapy, however, according to the ETA recommendations, it is possible for individual patients to prescribe combination therapy LT4 + LT3 as an experimental approach. The use of the rT3 test as a prognostic / diagnostic indicator for monitoring the therapy of patients receiving L-thyroxine therapy is discussed. The use of L-thyroxine as a thyrotropic suppressive therapy in the treatment of thyroid cancer requires careful dose adjustment depending on the health status of each patient, the risk of recurrence, which requires monitoring and dynamic reassessment. Long-term suppressive therapy of LT4 can affect metabolism, contributing to weight loss.

Conclusions. Given the analysis of the literature, which covered 20 years, today L-T4 monotherapy is the standard therapy for patients with hypothyroidism. LT4 + LT3 combination therapy can be recommended in patients receiving L-T4 treatment with complaints characteristic of hypothyroidism despite normal TSH levels, with the exception of other chronic and concomitant autoimmune diseases that may be the cause.
VALIDACIÓN DE LA ESCALA MEXICANA DE SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA A TRAVÉS DE CORRELACIÓN TETRACÓRICA CON BASE EN LA DISTRIBUCIÓN NORMAL ASIMÉTRICA BIVARIADA
Authors: Ramírez Jiménez Ana Laura , Ramírez Guzmán Martha Elva , González Estrada Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

La evaluación de la seguridad alimentaria en México se realiza por medio de la Escala Mexicana de Seguridad Alimentaria (EMSA) compuesta por reactivos de respuesta dicotómica que miden el acceso a los alimentos en los hogares con y sin menores de 18 años. Una manera de validar la EMSA es a través del Análisis de Factores Confirmatorio (AFC) al contrastar la estructura de las variables latentes con los datos observados. La correlación entre los reactivos de la EMSA se obtiene con la correlación tetracórica de una tabla de contingencia de doble entrada, la cual asume variables latentes con distribución Normal. Sin embargo, el supuesto de simetría restringe la admisión de variables que no cumplen con este supuesto, como las económicas que se caracterizan por su distribución asimétrica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue proponer un estimador de la correlación tetracórica para diferentes niveles de asimetría. Este coeficiente se denominó ρtSN el cual minimiza la diferencia entre la proporción de coincidencias de las variables dicotómicas en estudio y la probabilidad de la distribución Normal Asimétrica bivariada. El ρtSN se caracterizó por su consistencia y robustez estadística en los diferentes niveles de asimetría considerados. Los modelos AFC con los datos de la EMSA 2014 confirmaron la estructura teórica de la escala para adultos. En hogares con menores, el AFC sugirió una confusión en el entendimiento de los reactivos asociados con experiencias de hambre. El modelo sugiere que la falta de dinero o recursos limita la variedad de los alimentos y elimina algún tiempo de comida tanto en adultos como en menores. Estos hallazgos solo fueron visibles en el AFC con la inclusión del coeficiente ρtSN  propuesto. El método de estimación propuesto permite analizar la correlación entre variables dicotómicas con cierto nivel de asimetría, el cual puede definirse a partir del conocimiento del tema en estudio.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization Faces a Strategic Choice
Authors:   National Coordinator of Uzbekistan on the SCO affairsFellow, University of World Economy and Diplomacy, Tashkent (Uzbekistan), Nurimbetov Rakhmatulla
Published: February 2021

In 2021, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) will celebrate its 20-year anniversary. Transformed from the “Shanghai Five” mechanism on settlement of border disputes and confidence-building between four ex-soviet republics Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and China, into the full-fledged organization in 2001, has been become one of the important players in Eurasian region. Since then SCO has made significant progress, especially, in combating the threats of international terrorism, extremism and separatism and ensuring regional security in general. However, the SCO could not advance in the economic field that is a key for an integration and convergence of the members states with different political and economic systems. Moreover, rising tensions between some members, namely India and China, as well as pandemic crisis and current geopolitical uncertainties in Eurasia may further exacerbate the situation within the Organization. What path can the SCO take in the future? Will its agenda have changes? Will there be institutional reforms in the organization? What will be the role of the SCO in shaping the new multipolar world order and in the region? These are the questions, which are now circulating around the SCO.
Ankyloblepharon Filiforme Adnatum in a New Born
Authors: Patra Pratap , Singh Aastha
Published: February 2021

Please see fulltext
Neonatal Duodenal Obstruction: A 15-Year Experience
Authors: Rattan Kamal Nain , Singh Jasbir , Dalal Poonam
Published: February 2021

Background: Congenital duodenal obstruction is one of the commonest causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction. We are presenting our 15-year experience by analyzing clinical spectrum and outcome in neonates with duodenal obstruction admitted at our center.Material and Methods: The hospital records of all neonates admitted with duodenal obstruction from June 2000 to June 2015 were reviewed. The patient records were analyzed for antenatal diagnosis, age, sex, clinical presentation, diagnosis, associated anomalies, surgical procedures performed; postoperative morbidity and mortality. We excluded from our study malrotation of gut associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and abdominal wall defects.Results: A total of 81 patients were admitted, out of which 56 were males and 25 were females. Polyhydramnios was detected in 24 (30%) pregnancies. Average birth weight was 2.1±1.0Kg and average gestational age was 38 (SD±1) weeks with 17 (21%) preterm neonates. Presenting features were vomiting in 81(100%) which was bilious in 81% and non bilious in 19%, epigastric fullness in 56 (69%) and dehydration in 18 (22%) and failure to thrive in 16 (19%). Most common cause of obstruction was duodenal atresia in 38 (46.9%), followed by malrotation of gut in 33 (40.7%), and annular pancreas in 4 cases. Depending upon site of location, infra-ampullary obstruction was the most common in 64 (79%), supra-ampullary in 9 (7.4%) and ampullary 8 neonates. Both duodenal atresia and malrotation of gut was present in 4 cases. X-ray abdomen was most commonly used investigation to confirm the diagnosis. All cases were managed surgically by open laparotomy. Eleven (13.5%) patients died due to sepsis and associated congenital anomalies.Conclusion: Congenital duodenal obstruction most commonly presents in early neonatal period with features of upper GIT obstruction like vomiting and epigastrium fullness as in our series. Early antenatal diagnosis and surgical interventions hold the key in achieving good outcome. Associated congenital anomalies, prematurity, sepsis and delayed presentation are the main risk factors for post-operative mortality and morbidity.
Postoperative Spontaneous Gastric Perforation in a Ruptured Exomphalos: A Case Report
Authors: RAA Hassan , AS Ridzuan , Guan TP , Sayed A
Published: February 2021

Spontaneous gastric perforation is a rare entity in neonates. We report a case of spontaneous gastric perforation in a neonate operated for in-utero rupture of omphalocele.
Neonatal Adrenal Hemorrhage presenting as Prolonged Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Singh Jasbir , Dalal Poonam , Bhalla Kapil , Rattan Kamal Nain
Published: February 2021

Please see Fulltext
Pneumothorax in a Neonate after Foreign Body Ingestion
Authors: Patil Pashant Sadashiv , Kothari Paras , Gupta Abhaya , Kekre Geeta , Dikshit Vishesh , Kamble Ravi , Mudkhedkar Kedar
Published: February 2021

Please see Fulltext
Pure Esophageal Atresia without a Gap: An Unusual Variant
Authors: Parihar Dhiraj , Kadian Yogender Singh , Rattan Kamal Nain
Published: February 2021

Please see Fulltext
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR KALKULUS INTEGRAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN APTITUDE TREATMENT INTERACTION (ATI) BERBANTU MACROMEDIA FLASH
Authors: Meilasari Venty
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

The difficulty of students in understanding the material in the integral calculus print book is one factor that makes student learning outcomes low. The difference in students' abilities is one of the considerations in developing process. This study aims to develop integral calculus teaching material using the aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) approach assisted by Macromedia flash. This research belongs to the development research. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires and tests. Indicators of the results of this study are teaching materials declared worthy of use and students who get optimal learning outcomes> 75%. The stages in the study consisted of ten stages that began with discovering potentials and problems to mass production. The results of the study showed that the integral calculus teaching material made was feasible to use. As many as 79% of students achieve optimal learning outcomes.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dengan Menggunakan Media Charta untuk Materi Sistem Pencernaan Pada Manusia Kelas VIIIA MTSN 2 Way Kanan
Authors: Setia Akbar
Published: February 2021

This research is aims to improve the results of learning students on the material of human digestive system. This research is a study the class composed of three cycle where every cycle covering the 4 stage nemely :planning, action, observation, and reflektion. The object research is the VIIIA MTsN 2 Way Kanan. The data taken in the form of the results of the competency test a well the sheets observations during the learning. From the analysis that the results of learning student increased significantly. This be seen from teh completeness studens from the results of the competency test on 30 student on VIIIA, the students completely learned as musch 50%(15 students) at the first cycle, then in the second cycle make 75%(20 students) while in the third cycle 80%(24 student).