bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unaccounted for enteral volume loss linked to delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Gelder Chloé Louise , Bautista Melissa , Awan Sidra Arif , Anderson Ian A.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

Delayed ischemic neurological deficit (DIND) is seen as a clinical manifestation of cerebral vasospasm and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Currently, the standard of care for DIND prevention in patients who have sustained aSAH is prophylactic nimodipine therapy and ensuring adequate fluid intake, alongside other treatments such as bowel care. Osmotic laxatives trap water within the bowel lumen to accelerate the transport of the gut contents through the bowel. Given the potential for DIND secondary to cerebral vasospasm, it is perhaps counterintuitive that gastrointestinal fluid loss and use of osmotic laxatives are not commonly considered in many aSAH management protocols.

METHODS

A retrospective case note analysis was performed for all adult patients (aged > 16 years) admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at Leeds General Infirmary with a diagnosis of aSAH between August 2019 and September 2020.

RESULTS

A total of 105 patients were included, 62% of whom were female, with a mean and median age of 54 years (range 24–84 years). Diarrhea was noted in 12 patients (11.4%), 58% of whom subsequently developed DIND (OR 15.30, CI 3.92–59.14; p = 0.0001). All patients received osmotic laxatives (97% having received ≥ 2 laxative agents).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with aSAH who subsequently developed diarrhea had significantly increased odds of developing DIND. Enteral volume loss due to osmotic laxative use is a potential risk factor for DIND after aSAH.
Development of cerebral vasospasm following traumatic intracranial hemorrhage: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes
Authors: Dicpinigaitis Alis J. , Feldstein Eric , Damodara Nitesh , Cooper Jared B. , Shapiro Steven D. , Kamal Haris , Kinon Merritt D. , Pisapia Jared , Rosenberg Jon , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al-Mufti Fawaz
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

Limited evidence exists characterizing the incidence, risk factors, and clinical associations of cerebral vasospasm following traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH) on a large scale. Therefore, the authors sought to use data from a national inpatient registry to investigate these aspects of posttraumatic vasospasm (PTV) to further elucidate potential causes of neurological morbidity and mortality subsequent to the initial insult.

METHODS

Weighted discharge data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample from 2015 to 2018 were queried to identify patients with tICH who underwent diagnostic angiography in the same admission and, subsequently, those who developed angiographically confirmed cerebral vasospasm. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant associations between clinical covariates and the development of vasospasm, and a tICH vasospasm predictive model (tICH-VPM) was generated based on the effect sizes of these parameters.

RESULTS

Among 5880 identified patients with tICH, 375 developed PTV corresponding to an incidence of 6.4%. Multivariable adjusted modeling determined that the following clinical covariates were independently associated with the development of PTV, among others: age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99; p < 0.001), admission Glasgow Coma Scale score < 9 (aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.12–2.90; p = 0.015), intraventricular hemorrhage (aOR 6.27, 95% CI 3.49–11.26; p < 0.001), tobacco smoking (aOR 1.36, 95% CI 1.02–1.80; p = 0.035), cocaine use (aOR 3.62, 95% CI 1.97–6.63; p < 0.001), fever (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.34–3.27; p = 0.001), and hypokalemia (aOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.26–2.08; p < 0.001). The tICH-VPM achieved moderately high discrimination, with an area under the curve of 0.75 (sensitivity = 0.61 and specificity = 0.81). Development of vasospasm was independently associated with a lower likelihood of routine discharge (aOR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45–0.78; p < 0.001) and an extended hospital length of stay (aOR 3.53, 95% CI 2.78–4.48; p < 0.001), but not with mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

This population-based analysis of vasospasm in tICH has identified common clinical risk factors for its development, and has established an independent association between the development of vasospasm and poorer neurological outcomes.
Pengaruh Kebijakan Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Efikasi Diri dan Perilaku Belajar Siswa
Authors: Suryono Suryono , Bastian Adolf , Oemar Fahmi
Published: February 2022

Kebijakan pembelajaran pada masa pandemi berbeda dengan keadaan normal. Efikasi diri dan perilaku belajar siswa pun juga sangat berbeda. Kedua poin ini sangat menarik untuk dikaji mendalam. Dalam penelitian ini, tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan pembelajaran terhadap efikasi diri dan perilaku belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 89 siswa SMKN 1 Riau. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak sederhana. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) yang didukung analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pembelajaran berpengaruh langsung terhadap perilaku belajar, efikasi diri berpengaruh langsung positif dan sangat signifikan terhadap perilaku belajar, dan kebijakan pembelajaran berpengaruh langsung positif dan sangat signifikan terhadap efikasi diri.  Selain itu, kebijakan pembelajaran berpengaruh tidak langsung positif dan sangat signifikan terhadap perilaku belajar dengan mediasi efikasi diri. Oleh karena itu, perbaikan kebijakan pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan efikasi diri dan perilaku belajar siswa, sehingga pimpinan sekolah perlu menyesuaikan kebijakan pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan dan kondisi aktual internal dan eksternal sekolah. Selain itu, efikasi diri siswa juga perlu ditingkatkan secara berkelanjutan melalui berbagai penguatan, misalnya supervisi, konseling, dan pemberian reward bagi siswa yang berprestasi.  Demikian pula penelitian lanjutan sebagai konsekuensi teoretik hasil penelitian juga perlu dilakukan dengan sampel berbeda dengan jumlah lebih besar serta menggunakan teknik analisis yang berbeda, misalnya stuctutral equation modeling (SEM).
Filosofía y verdad en la obra de Richard Rorty
Authors: MArtínez González Rosa
Published: February 2022

En este texto se propone una lectura de la filosofía de Richard Rorty a partir de la distinción entre filosofía sistemática y filosofía edificante, proponiendo esta distinción como clave de lectura de su neo-pragmatismo y de su propuesta político-ética de los años 90, cuya consecuencia principal será su concepción de democracia liberal, de ciudadano irónico y de cultura post-filosófica
Necessidade, evolução e liberdade na filosofia jônico-epicurista
Authors: Canto Rafael Estrela
Published: February 2022

O artigo parte do princípio de que os filósofos chamados “pré-socráticos” devem ser conhecidos pela análise de seus fragmentos e por uma análise crítica dos testemunhos que sobre eles nos chegaram. A leitura aristotélica prevaleceu, porém hoje temos condições de entender a filosofia jônica em sua particularidade, cada um dos filósofos e o que é comum a eles. Abordamos esses filósofos em seu conjunto como membros de uma tradição histórica, pois isto sem dúvida nos parece incontornável para a sua adequada compreensão, e nos ativemos às noções fundamentais de necessidade, evolução e liberdade, uma espécie de espinha dorsal do pensamento de Anaximandro ao de Lucrécio. Especialmente em contraste com a ideia de finalidade (basilar para Aristóteles, mas também para Platão), consideramos que os jônicos seguiram o caminho oposto ao aristotélico e que os epicuristas são seus principais herdeiros, daí a expressão “filosofia jônico-epicurista”, por nós cunhada para se referir ao que acreditamos ter sido uma longa e legítima tradição filosófica.
Kojève, Lacan e a Formação do eu
Authors: Lima da Silva Anderson Aparecido
Published: February 2022

Tomando como base interpretativa a Fenomenologia do espírito, de Hegel, Alexandre Kojève empreende uma teoria da “antropogênese” que aloca a constituição da consciência de si num campo marcadamente histórico e social, centrada notadamente na “dialética do senhor e do escravo”. Mais do que isso, esta emerge numa esfera tomada pela conflitualidade própria ao operador central da socialização, o desejo, que é sempre, em último caso, desejo de reconhecimento. Atento a esta leitura, na senda do desenvolvimento de sua teoria do imaginário, Lacan lançava-se no encalço da necessidade de realocar certos pontos da teoria freudiana da constituição do Eu, visando contornar o suposto “biologismo” de Freud (presente, sobretudo, em sua teoria da “pulsão de morte”) ao destacar a dependência fundamental da instância do outro no processo de “hominização”, no qual a “agressividade” ocupa um papel inerente. Se os projetos de Kojève e Lacan apresentam inegáveis convergências, cumpre, no entanto, melhor compreendê-las, bem como estabelecer a singularidade de seus distanciamentos, inflexões e objetivos.
Os dois lados do limite da crítica: por que o númeno faz parte da analítica?
Authors: Borges Paulo Santana Júnior
Published: February 2022

A partir da preocupação sistemática com as divisões da CRP, abordamos o terceiro capítulo da Analítica dos Princípios, incluindo também suas teses sobre a transgressão da razão e sobre o “alargamento negativo”. Nossa proposta é mostrar a especificidade do conceito de númeno frente às outras categorias do entendimento, sem perder de vista sua pertinência dentro da Analítica Transcendental. A peculiaridade desse conceito expressa de maneira privilegiada a relação da crítica com os limites do conhecimento, uma vez que númeno é uma representação posta fora da possibilidade da intuição, mas que é exposta por análise do conhecimento – e não por inferência, como seria o caso das ideias da razão. Propomos, portanto, lançar luz sobre os argumentos que, por um lado, limitam o conhecimento e, por outro, permitem ao pensamento uma via para prosseguir além da experiência. Desse modo, a posição do crítico, que na atividade de análise se desprende de interesses específicos em prol de uma investigação imparcial, consegue abarcar o dentro e o fora da delimitação conhecimento.
Desontologização do sujeito generificado e a metafísica da substância: diálogos de Butler com Nietzsche
Authors: Dos Santos Paiva André Luiz
Published: February 2022

O artigo discute como a teoria de gênero de Judith Butler, principalmente a partir do que a autora denominou de metafísica da substância, opera uma desontologização das experiências de sexo-gênero. Para isso, expõe-se como Butler opera a desontologização do sujeito generificado, através de sua crítica feminista acerca da ideia de sujeito concebida a partir do marco da diferença sexual. Posteriormente, dedica-se ao que Butler denominou de “metafísica da substância”, vista como o que sustenta, no marco do sistema de sexo-gênero binário, a ideia de diferença natural dos corpos, momento no qual a autora recorre à genealogia da moral realizada por Nietzsche para justificar sua genealogia do gênero e dos corpos, vislumbrando esses como indissociáveis, razão pela qual conclui que, à maneira do gênero, a produção dos corpos ocorre de forma performativa através de recitações contextualizadas que estabelecem os marcos de inteligibilidade humana, os quais são, por isso, passíveis de transformação.
A psicologia experimenterende de Kierkegaard como resposta à psychologia empirica e à experimentelle psychologie
Authors: Teixeira Natalia Mendes
Published: February 2022

A pergunta sobre o objeto, o método e a natureza da Psicologia, a partir do século XVIII, recebeu três propostas: (i) a primeira, apresentada por Christian Wolff, apelava para a conciliação de uma Psychologia Rationalis com uma Psychologia Empirica baseada nas etapas da Experimentalphysik e no Princípio da Razão Suficiente; a segunda, propôs uma virada para a Fisiologia, tornando-se responsável pelo recrudescimento da Psicologia como Ciência independente da Filosofia; a terceira, fundada em uma espécie de estetização da experimentação psicológica, oferece uma abordagem existencial dos fenômenos mentais. Arguiremos que o projeto de Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) esboçou um método que levou a diante esta última proposta recorrendo, ao mesmo tempo, a uma versão muito própria de Psicologia Experimental e opondo-se decisivamente à virada para a Fisiologia, Kierkegaard teria situado seu projeto entre a derrocada da Psychologia Empirica de Wolff e a ascendente Experimentelle Psychologie baseada na Fisiologia.
Dilectio, resignação e injustiça: possibilidade de interpretar o amor como resignação e conformação com a injustiça, à luz de Santo Agostinho
Authors: Brandão Ricardo Evangelista
Published: February 2022

No “Comentário da primeira Epístola de São João”, em específico fragmento do texto em que o foco é a controvérsia donatista, Agostinho afirma que a despeito do fato de que o amor é norma incontornável à verdadeira vida cristã, no caso de testemunhar uma ação injusta, o cristão não pode aceitar passivamente a tal ato. Todavia, nesse mesmo texto, em outro contexto, é defendida uma espécie de resignação como prova de que o cristão de fato está vivendo uma prática cristã eivada pelo amor de Deus. Na De civitate Dei Livro XIX, no “Sobre os costumes da igreja católica e dos maniqueus”, e em outras obras, o mesmo paradoxo persiste: se por um lado o filósofo cristão reconhece que mesmo vivendo em intensa dor e sofrimento é possível se conformar e encontrar a paz, uma paz possível ante a situação, por outro lado, defende que não é justo um homem se submeter a outro visto que somos ontologicamente iguais, logo, aparentemente não incentivando a eupatia nessa injusta situação. Assim, é nossa meta nessa comunicação: investigar como podemos compreender a relação do amor com a resignação, e se ambos os conceitos podem ser aplicados às situações de flagrante injustiça vividas ou testemunhadas.
Bioética e eugenia: pressupostos biopolíticos da manipulação genética
Authors: Biasoli Luis Fernando , Brayner de Farias André , Borile Júnior Eduardo
Published: February 2022

A partir da hipótese de que seres humanos modificados terão projetos de vida bem sucedidos, reflete-se quais seriam os pressupostos biopolíticos da manipulação genética na sociedade moderna. Considerando as teorias apresentadas por Michel Foucault (2005), Jürgen Habermas (2010), Michael J. Sandel (2013), Hans Jonas (2006) e Achille Mbembe (2014), identifica-se uma africanização genética da população menos favorecida economicamente. Neste cenário, conceitos de classe e raça se confundem e ampliam o preconceito social. Diante das novas tecnologias de engenharia genética, a manipulação gênica se apresentam como uma nova face do biopoder, uma vez que a ciência, agora, tem o poder de dar vida a partir da seleção de características consideradas superiores. Sustenta-se que a crítica em torno do processo de manipulação genética é necessária, pois abre a possibilidade de se debater acerca do reconhecimento mútuo como condição de vida, acima da identificação de raça ou classe, localização geográfica ou das demais características dos indivíduos que compõem a sociedade.
As três fases do problema da demarcação
Authors: Carvalho Robson
Published: February 2022

Este artigo busca alcançar dois objetivos. Primeiro, apresentar uma análise panorâmica das três principais concepções contemporâneas sobre o problema da demarcação. Tradicionalmente, o problema da demarcação pretendeu delimitar conceitualmente as fronteiras entre “ciência”, “não-ciência” e/ou “pseudociência” via critérios e definições de ciência ou de cientificidade. Tal problemática – principalmente no século XX, mas não só – fez-se presente como um dos grandes desafios intelectuais da filosofia da ciência e em áreas afins. Com efeito, nossa análise produziu uma divisão que recorta três fases principais, a saber, perspectivas otimistas, pessimistas e, por assim dizer, perspectivas híbridas. À luz desse contexto, e a fim de apoiar a arquitetura geral do artigo, selecionamos dois autores de cada uma dessas fases para uma análise esquemática. Segundo, buscamos, ao final, argumentar que o problema da demarcação é melhor compreendido e respondido se caracterizado como mais do que um problema exclusivamente metodológico e epistemológico, isto é, nessa acepção ele seria também um problema valorativo com contornos políticos, sociais e, portanto, prático. Chamamos isso de: dimensão dual do problema da demarcação. Ademais, destacamos que nossa ênfase nesta interpretação está de acordo, essencialmente, ao que defende a terceira abordagem analisada neste trabalho. Ao final, defendemos que a terceira concepção aqui esboçada é uma alternativa comparativamente melhor do que as demais.
A desordem do amor-próprio segundo o pensamento de Louis Lavelle
Authors: Pereira José Aparecido , Santos Harlon Luan dos
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem como tema principal a desordem do amor-próprio, conforme o pensamento de Louis Lavelle. Para esse filósofo, o amor-próprio é algo que não só macula a consciência do homem como também as suas relações com os outros. No egoísta há um processo de perca da consciência, visto que a ideia ou a imagem que tem de si é injusta à realidade, é sempre exagerada. Essa falsa imagem de si, por ser infundada, impede que sua consciência seja perfeita, impossibilitando, assim, um dos princípios básicos do filósofo: o conhecer-se a si mesmo. O artigo faz uma problematização do amor-próprio, apoiado na noção de sinceridade para consigo mesmo. Essa sinceridade, só é possível quando há o desapego das fantasias, ou seja, o desapego à vaidade. A reflexão realizada neste artigo se orientou pela leitura, análise e interpretação de textos de Lavelle, tais como, O erro de Narciso, Conduite à l’égard d’autrui, Traité des valeurs, De l’Acte.
O “super-homem” nietzschiano e o “super-humano” transumanista
Authors: Xavier Tiago
Published: February 2022

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900), aquele que procurou compreender com demasiada profundidade uma tensão interna do sentimento humano, foi o que propôs o “super-homem” como proposta para a superação do homem a partir de uma força oriunda do próprio indivíduo por se encontrar nele mesmo, a fim de transvalorar as dicotomias, erros e preconceitos que negavam a existência em prol da afirmação da mesma. Mais tarde, a proposta de superar o homem, entre outros e sob certo aspecto (anunciada por Nietzsche na segunda metade do século XIX), retorna, só que não mais a partir da ideia de uma força oriunda do próprio indivíduo, mas do aprimoramento deste por meio de aparatos tecnológicos, prometendo fazer do homem um “super-humano”. O presente trabalho pretende apresentar duas propostas para a superação do homem com as suas nuances particulares, passando pela filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche e do movimento cultural denominado transumanismo. Para tanto, buscar-se-á mostrar que uma das propostas parte da ideia de que o homem deve ser superado, devido a sua decadência refletida na negação do mundo e da vontade dos instintos; a outra parte da ideia de que o homem não é o estágio final da evolução humana, devendo ser superado a partir de aparatos tecnológicos que contribuirão para o aumento das suas capacidades.
Aproximações entre a estética kantiana e o poema de sete faces de Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Authors: Facanha Luciano , Da Silva Nildo Francisco , Viana de Carvalho Zilmara de Jesus
Published: February 2022

Este artigo visa abordar a relação entre poesia e o pensamento filosófico através da aproximação entre a estética kantiana e a obra de Carlos Drummond de Andrade. Faz uma apresentação da obra do poeta nas quatro fases de seu desenvolvimento. Expõe brevemente a concepção estética de Kant destacando sua classificação das artes, seu conceito de belas artes e o lugar privilegiado que o filósofo dá à arte poética. Empreende uma aproximação das belas artes e da poesia com o Poema de Sete Faces de Drummond.
Accountability in AI: From principles to industry-specific accreditation
Authors: Percy Chris , Dragicevic Simo , Sarkar Sanjoy , d’Avila Garcez Artur
Published: March 2022

Recent AI-related scandals have shed a spotlight on accountability in AI, with increasing public interest and concern. This paper draws on literature from public policy and governance to make two contributions. First, we propose an AI accountability ecosystem as a useful lens on the system, with different stakeholders requiring and contributing to specific accountability mechanisms. We argue that the present ecosystem is unbalanced, with a need for improved transparency via AI explainability and adequate documentation and process formalisation to support internal audit, leading up eventually to external accreditation processes. Second, we use a case study in the gambling sector to illustrate in a subset of the overall ecosystem the need for industry-specific accountability principles and processes. We define and evaluate critically the implementation of key accountability principles in the gambling industry, namely addressing algorithmic bias and model explainability, before concluding and discussing directions for future work based on our findings.
A formalization of one of the main claims of “TDP-43 represses cryptic exon inclusion in FTD/ALS gene UNC13A” by Rosa Ma et al. 2021
Authors: Brauer Matthew
Published: March 2022

Rosa Ma et al. claimed in previous work that the protein TDP-43 represses cryptic exon inclusion in the gene UNC13A. We present here a formalization of that claim, stating that all things of class “TAR DNA binding protein” that are in the context of a thing of class “UNC13A” generally have a relation of type “inhibits” to a thing of class “inclusion of cryptic exon” in the same context.
Geographic Barriers Drive Disparities in Specialty Center Access for Older Adults with Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Pham Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Bravo Licia , Gonzalez-Alegre Pedro , Willis Allison W.
Published: March 2022

Background: Huntington’s Disease Society of America Centers of Excellence (HDSA COEs) are primary hubs for Huntington’s disease (HD) research opportunities and accessing new treatments. Data on the extent to which HDSA COEs are accessible to individuals with HD, particularly those older or disabled, are lacking. Objective: To describe persons with HD in the U.S. Medicare program and characterize this population by proximity to an HDSA COE. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries ages ≥65 with HD in 2017. We analyzed data on benefit entitlement, demographics, and comorbidities. QGis software and Google Maps Interface were employed to estimate the distance from each patient to the nearest HDSA COE, and the proportion of individuals residing within 100 miles of these COEs at the state level. Results: Among 9,056 Medicare beneficiaries with HD, 54.5% were female, 83.0% were white; 48.5% were ≥65 years, but 64.9% originally qualified for Medicare due to disability. Common comorbidities were dementia (32.4%) and depression (35.9%), and these were more common in HD vs. non-HD patients. Overall, 5,144 (57.1%) lived within 100 miles of a COE. Race/ethnicity, sex, age, and poverty markers were not associated with below-average proximity to HDSA COEs. The proportion of patients living within 100 miles of a center varied from < 10% (16 states) to > 90% (7 states). Most underserved states were in the Mountain and West Central divisions. Conclusion: Older Medicare beneficiaries with HD are frequently disabled and have a distinct comorbidity profile. Geographical, rather than sociodemographic factors, define the HD population with limited access to HDSA COEs.
Safety and Feasibility of Research Lumbar Puncture in Huntington’s Disease: The HDClarity Cohort and Bioresource
Authors: Rodrigues Filipe B. ,   for the HDClarity Investigators, Owen Gail , Sathe Swati , Pak Elena , Kaur Dipinder , Ehrhardt Anka G. , Lifer Sherry , Townhill Jenny , Schubert Katarzyna , Leavitt Blair R. , Guttman Mark , Bang Jee , Lewerenz Jan , Levey Jamie , Sampaio Cristina , Wild Edward J.
Published: March 2022

Background: Biomarkers are needed to monitor disease progression, target engagement and efficacy in Huntington’s disease (HD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ideal medium to research such biomarkers due to its proximity to the brain. Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of research lumbar punctures (LP) in HD. Methods: HDClarity is an ongoing international biofluid collection initiative built on the Enroll-HD platform, where clinical assessments are recorded. It aims to recruit 1,200 participants. Biosamples are collected following an overnight fast: blood via venipuncture and CSF via LP. Participants are healthy controls and HD gene expansion carriers across the disease spectrum. We report on monitored data from February 2016 to September 2019. Results: Of 448 participants screened, 398 underwent at least 1 sampling visit, of which 98.24% were successful (i.e., CSF was collected), amounting to 10,610 mL of CSF and 8,200 mL of plasma. In the total 572 sampling visits, adverse events were reported in 24.13%, and headaches of any kind and post-LP headaches in 14.86% and 12.24%, respectively. Frequencies were less in manifest HD; gender, age, body mass index and disease burden score were not associated with the occurrence of the events in gene expansion carriers. Headaches and back pain were the most frequent adverse events. Conclusion: HDClarity is the largest CSF collection initiative to support scientific research into HD and is now stablished as a leading resource for HD research. Our data confirm that research LP in HD are feasible and acceptable to the community, and have a manageable safety profile.
Evaluation of the Impact of Integrated Care and Self-Management After Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Dash Deepa , Cote Diane , Conway Jennifer , Grimes David , Mestre Tiago A.
Published: March 2022

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a myriad of motor and non-motor symptoms. Although deep brain stimulation (DBS) has a dramatic impact in the lives of people with PD, care delivery remains complex. There is a lack of evidence on the implementation and role of integrated care and self-management support in people with PD and chronic DBS. Objective: To evaluate care needs, implementation and impact of a pragmatic network for PD care, the Integrated Parkinson Care Network (IPCN) in people with PD and chronic DBS. Methods: This is a subgroup analyses of a 6-month, pre–post design, single-centre, phase 2 study to assess a patient-centred care model based on integrated care, self-management support in PD (IPCN), focusing on those participants with chronic DBS. Results: We included 22 people with PD and chronic DBS (median time since DBS - 30 months). The mean age was 63.9 (7.6) years and mean disease duration was 15.2 (6.9) years. The top three care priorities were speech (54.5%), mobility (40.9%) and mood (31.8%). After the IPCN program, there was a positive change in the perception of support for chronic care (Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care +: –0.84; 95% CI: –1.2 to –0.5) and self-management (5As: –0.77; 95% CI: –1.1 to –0.4), along with quality of life (PDQ8 : 7.1, 95% CI:1.8 –12.4). Conclusion: The IPCN is a care delivery model that addresses specific care needs of people with PD and chronic DBS. The current study showed its feasibility and warrants further evaluation.
The integration of socio-economic and agricultural surveys by national statistical offices: The case of the Uganda Harmonized Integrated Survey1
Authors: Ponzini Giulia , Baryahirwa Stephen , Brunelli Chiara , Ilukor John , Kilic Talip , Mugabe Stephane , Mupere Andrew , Okello Patric , Oumo Flavia , Ssennono Vincent
Published: March 2022

Since 2009, the Socio-Economic Directorate of the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has been implementing the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS). In 2017, the Agriculture and Environment Statistics Directorate (DAES), started implementing the Annual Agricultural Survey (AAS). Similarities and disparities in the design of the two surveys have led, on the one hand, to the duplication of part of the collected information, and, on the other, to the different methodologies inevitably returning different estimates. This has resulted in issues around reconciling and communicating the differences in some agriculture indicators and statistics retrieved through the two different surveys. In integrating the two survey programs under the 50 × 2030 Initiative, UBOS has found a way to improve efficiency by avoiding duplication, reducing costs, and aligning methodologies and results. This paper documents the process of integrating the two surveys. On the whole, the extent of methodological, logistical, and institutional integration exemplified by the Uganda Harmonized Integrated Survey (UHIS) may be aspirational in the short term for many NSOs in low- and middle-income countries and can help when establishing long-term strategies and implementation plans to move towards similar goals.
Analisis Perilaku Penumpang Krl Commuter Line Solo Balapan – Yogyakarta Di Masa Pandemi Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pola Perjalanan DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP POLA PERJALANAN
Authors: Indriani Tri Safira , Sodikin Sodikin , Pristyawati Tantin
Published: February 2022

KRL Commuter Line merupakan transportasi pilihan yang  ramai diminati oleh masyarakat kota Solo Balapan – Yogyakarta sejak beroperasi Februari 2021. Beroperasinya KRL ditengah masa pandemi ini membuat pihak PT KAI menetapkan kebijakan yang lebih ketat dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan guna memutus mata rantai penyebaran covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku penumpang terhadap pola perjalanan serta mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan yang direalisasikan oleh petugas operator KRL pada pola perjalanan. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner  yang dibagikan secara online, kemudian diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution). Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa t hitung (1,280) < t tabel (1,985), sehingga H1 ditolak atau tidak berpengaruh terhadap pola perjalanan. Sedangkan secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa variabel perilaku penumpang (X1) dan pandemi (X2) berpengaruh terhadap pola perjalanan penumpang KRL (Y) secara simultan sebesar 0,000 yang artinya sig < 0,05. Dan nilai f hitung (17,787) > f tabel (3,09). Yang artinya apabila kebijakan yang direalisasikan optimal serta penumpang mematuhi kebijakan tersebut maka keamanan dan kenyamanan yang dirasakan penumpang juga akan maksimal. Persentase pengaruh kedua variabel tersebut sebesar 25,1% yang dihitung melalui uji koefisien determinasi.
Aplikasi Value Engineering Terhadap Struktur Plat Lantai Menggunakan Desain Half Slab Precast Pembangunan Gedung Kedokteran Nuklir Dan Radioterapi RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Authors: Rachmawati Agustina , Safarizki Hendramawat Aski , Marwahyudi Marwahyudi
Published: February 2022

Perencanaan pembangunan Gedung Kedokteran Nuklir dan Radioterapi RSUD Dr. Moewardi tahun 2017 merupakan upaya peningkatan sarana dan prasarana dalam Pelayanan Unggulan Onkologi Terpadu. Pelaksanaan pembangunan dilakukan secara bertahap. Tahap I  dilaksanakan  pada tahun  2018,  Tahap II dilaksanakan  pada tahun 2019 dan Tahap  III tahun 2020.  Value Engineering  diperlukan untuk merubah suatu item pekerjaan  dengan bobot volume yang besar dengan item yang  lebih sederhana pelaksanaanya tanpa mengurangi mutu dan fungsi dari nilai kegunaannya. Dalam proyek ini, plat lantai dapat diganti menggunakan half slab precast dan diharapkan terdapat suatu peningkatan didalamnya, bisa dari penghematan biaya atau kinerja pelaksanaannya. Hasil dalam penelitian ini diperoleh cost/worth sebesar 1,13 > 1 adanya penghematan walau tidak signifikan. Biaya pelaksanaan awal sebesar Rp 3.191.767.746,- dan usulan biaya pelaksanaan alternatif sebesar Rp2.819.500.274,67,- sehingga mendapat penghematan biaya sebesar Rp 372.267.471,-  atau sebesar 11,66%.
Traditional treatment approach for disordered articulation of sounds: evaluating clinical skills of Speech Language Pathology students by Direct Observation of Procedural Skills
Authors:   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Khazaei Matin , Abolghasemi Jamileh ,   Department of Medical Education, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shavaki Younes Amiri ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Maroufi Shahnam Sedigh ,   Department of Medical Education, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Azari Sanaz ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Jenabi Mohammad-Sadegh ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: One of the common disorders in Speech Language Pathology (SLP) is speech sound disorder. To increase students’ competence and objectively evaluate their clinical skills, we used the Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) test in a clinical setting and examined its validity and reliability Methods: This research is a non-interventional descriptive study. Twenty students who participated in this study were selected by the census method. Traditional treatment approach skill for speech sound disorder was selected. Then an evaluation checklist of DOPS was prepared. After obtaining the consent of students and professors, they entered the study. Two professors observed the work of all student during the procedure on a real patient. Results were recorded in a checklist, and feedback was given to the students about their strengths and weaknesses. Results: The content validity index of the DOPS test was more than 0.8, and its content validity ratio was more than 0.62. The correlation coefficients of questions indicate the optimal internal structure of the test and its structural validity. The results showed that the test questions were related to the predetermined subject. Results confirmed high face validity. The obtained Cronbach α coefficient (0.865) confirmed DOPS reliability. There was a significant inter-rater correlation coefficient (0.901) between evaluators (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the study, the use of DOPS for objective assessment of clinical skill has validity and reliability. This test can be used to evaluate the clinical work of SLP students, provide feedback, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and improve them.
Persian Vowel Production in Hearing-Impaired Children With Cochlear Implants: The Influence of the Implantation Age
Authors:   Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sarayani Mahdi , Poursadegh Amir ,   Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mohamadi Reyhane ,   Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: Speech intelligibility is affected by vowel quality. Auditory feedback is an essential factor in vowel quality. The purpose of the current study was to compare vowel space and formant frequencies in Normal-Hearing (NH) and Cochlear-Implanted (CI) Persian-speaking children aged 4 to 6 years. Methods: The participants were 10 CI children (5 girls and 5 boys) aged 4 to 6 years. All children had congenital hearing loss and received a multichannel CI before 2 years of age. The control group comprised 20 NH children (10 girls and 10 boys) aged 4 to 6 years. The two groups were matched by age. The participants were asked to produce six Persian vowels (/u/, /o/, /a/, /i/, /e/, /æ/) in /ChVCd/ context and then the average of formant frequencies (F1, F2,) was measured using Praat analysis software (Version: 5, 3, 27). The Independent samples t-test was conducted to assess the differences in F1 and F2 values between the two groups using SPSS 16. Results: The mean values of F1 and F2 of all 6 Persian vowels were not significantly different between CI and NH children (P>0.05). Conclusion: Findings of the present study implied that children who were implanted CI under 2 years of age are likely to produce Persian vowels similar to normal-hearing children.
Study of Lag of Accommodation After Using a Smartphone
Authors:   Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Zamani Shahri Rezvaneh , Jafarzadehpour Ebrahim ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mirzajani Ali ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: With the pervasive use of digital devices, especially smartphones, concerns about their harmful effects on vision has increased. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of long-term activity with a smartphone on the accuracy of lag of accommodation of two eyes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 27(16 females and 11 males) students and staff (23 students and 4 staff) of the Iran University of Medical Science with a Mean±SD age of 25.29±4.72 years, with a visual acuity of 10/10, and emmetropic refraction with the available sampling method were selected. At first, the participants used a smartphone for an hour, and then, the lag of accommodation of two eyes was assessed with the monocular estimate method. Results: lag of accommodation of the right eye (P=0.001) and left eye (P=0.001) both statically increased significantly after one hour of smartphone use. However, no significant difference was found between the lag of accommodation of two eyes after near work with a smartphone (P=0.265). Conclusion: The present study confirmed the relationship between long-term near work with a smartphone and increased lag of accommodation.
The Relationship Between Psychological Factors and Cognitive Function in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease Who Have Chronic Fatigue
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Irans University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Farhanginasab Farahnaz , Lajevardi Laleh ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Irans University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Taghizadeh Ghorban ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Irans University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: Cognitive and psychological disorders are among the most debilitating complications of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Despite the high prevalence of these disorders in patients with PD and the important effect of psychological factors on cognitive factors in other neurological diseases, no study was found on the relationship between psychological factors and cognitive function in patients with PD who have chronic fatigue. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychological factors and cognitive function in patients with PD and chronic fatigue. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, a total of 73 patients with PD who had chronic fatigue were selected by non-random convenience sampling method from those visiting Tehran’s rehabilitation centers in 2019. The following questionnaires were used: Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) for fatigue, Beck’s Depression Inventory for depression, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory for anxiety, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognitive function, as well as Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and Pain Visual Analog Scale (Pain VAS). Results: The regression models explained the cognitive function variance by a maximum of 1.43% in MMSE and 8.79% in MoCA. In all stepwise models of cognitive function, anxiety was the strongest predictor of cognitive function followed by age and UPDRS-III score. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that anxiety as the strongest predictor can affect cognitive function in patients with PD who have chronic fatigue. Hence, therapeutic interventions focusing on psychological factors may be particularly important for improving cognitive function in these patients.
Evaluation of athlete burnout among elite coaches and its relationship with mental health
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran., Salehian Mir Hamid , Hemayat Talab Abdollah ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran., Neshati Abolfazl ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran., Qiyomarsi Esmaeil ,   MSc, Department of Physical Education, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: In recent decades, the interest in assessing, monitoring, and improving physical and mental health has increased significantly, so that improving physical and mental function has been considered a vital goal globally. Aim: The evaluated the athlete burnout among elite coaches and its relationship with mental health. Method: The research is correlational. The population was professional male coaches in the super leagues of Basketball, Handball, Volleyball, Futsal, and Wrestling in 2021. According to the statistics of the relevant federations, there were 247 coaches and head coaches. After distributing and collecting research questionnaires, 241 people completely answered the questionnaires. Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (18-item) and Athlete Burnout Questionnaire were used to collect research data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Results: The results showed a negative and significant relationship between athlete burnout and the mental health of coaches. The results of multivariate regression analysis confirmed the inverse relationship between the components of Athlete burnout and mental health. Information related to the goodness of fit index showed that the correlation coefficient (0.361) and the coefficient of determination (0.130) indicate the fitness of the evaluated model. In other words, the relationship between predictor and criterion variables was 36.1%. Conclusion: Due to the negative effects of burnout on psychological health, it is suggested to coaches to consider the psychological injuries caused by the pressure of training and competitions and pay special attention to them as factors related to reducing mental health.
The effectiveness of brain-based mathematics teaching on academic procrastination, comprehension, and learning rate of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran., Doosti Deilami Mohammad Jafar , Abbasian Hossein ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran., Kazemipour Seyyed Ali ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Brain-based teaching is the purposeful application of brain function strategies for teaching that affect learning. Aim: The study evaluated the effectiveness of brain-based mathematics teaching on academic procrastination, comprehension, and learning rate of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder. Method: This study was experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The population was students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder in Gorgan in 2021. Thirty people were randomly selected and grouped into two experimental (N=15) and control (N=15) groups. Data were collected based on the Academic Procrastination Scale (Solomon and Rothblum, 1984), a researcher-made comprehension test, and a timer, and the experimental group received brain-based teaching four times a week for eight sessions. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with SPSS software version 25. Results: The results showed that mathematics education by brain-based method reduces academic procrastination (P<0.01, F=184.924); increased comprehension (P<0.01, F=80.504) and learning speed (P<0.01, F=165.559) in students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder. Conclusion: Since brain-based math education affects academic procrastination, comprehension and learning speed of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder, it is suggested that for the development of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder, brain-based teaching should be adopted for normal classes and children with learning disabilities in curricula.
Early Prediction of Employee Turnover Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Atef Markus , S. Elzanfaly Doaa , Ouf Shimaa
Published: March 2022

Employee turnover is a serious challenge for organizations and companies. Thus, the prediction of employee turnover is a vital issue in all organizations and companies. The present work proposes prediction models for predicting the turnover intentions of workers during the recruitment process. The proposed models are based on k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and random forests (RF) machine learning algorithms. The models use the dataset of employee turnover created by IBM. The used dataset includes the most essential features, which are considered during the recruitment process of the employee and may lead to turnover. These features are salary, age, distance from home, marital status, and gender. The KNN-based model exhibited better performance in terms of accuracy, precision, F-score, specificity (SP), and false-positive rate (FPR) in comparison to the RF-based model. The models predict the average probability percentage of turnover intentions of the workers. Therefore, the models can be used to aid the human resource managers to make precautionary decisions; whether the candidate employee is likely to stay or leave the job, depending on the given relevant information about the candidate employee.