bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH TERAPI BERMAIN CLAY TERHADAP KECEMASAN HOSPITALISASI PADA ANAK USIA 3-6 TAHUN
Authors: Nurmayunita Heny , Hastuti Apriyani Puji
Published: November 2019

Pendahuluan Hospitalisasi pada anak merupakan suatu proses karena suatu alasan yang mengharuskan anak untuk tinggal di rumah sakit, menjalani terapi dan perawatan sampai anak dapat dipulangkan kembali kerumah. Selama proses tersebut, anak dapat mengalami berbagai kejadian berupa pengalaman yang sangat traumatik dan penuh dengan stres. Untuk mengatasi masalah kecemasan hospitalisasi anak usia pra sekolah 3-6 tahun dapat diberikan dengan terapi bermain Clay. Penelitian ini dibuat dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian terapi bermain Clay terhadap kecemasan hospitalisasi

Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pre Eksperimen dengan One group Pre-post test. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan didapatkan sampel sejumlah 20 orang. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah terapi bermain Clay dan tingkat kecemasan hospitalisasi. Pengolahan data dan analisa data menggunakan uji T test

Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ada Pengaruh Pemberian Terapi Bermain Clay Terhadap Kecemasan Hospitalisasi Anak Usia 3-6 Tahun Di Ruang Nusa Indah Rumah Sakit Tentara dr.Soepraoen Malang dengan menggunakan uji T Test dengan hasil 0,000 yang kurang dari <0,05. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan pada bagian pelayanan kesehatan terutama rumah sakit yang memiliki ruang  anak untuk menyediakan terapi bermain Clay dan terapi bermain lainnya sebagai salah satu media untuk menghilangkan kecemasan hospitalisasi pada anak khususnya Usia 3-6 tahun sesuai tahapan usianya.
Pelaksanaan Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose pada Pasien DM Tipe 2 di Kota Blitar
Authors: Sepdianto Tri Cahyo
Published: November 2019

Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose merupakan pemeriksaan gula darah yang dilakukan sendiri oleh pasien diabetes mellitus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendiskripsikan tentang pelaksanaan Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif dengan sampel 30 orang. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang melakukan Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose adalah sebanyak 50% (15 pasien) (n=30) memiliki profil gula darah dalam rentang normal saat gula darah puasa sebanyak 53% (8 pasien) dan 2 jam post prandial sebanyak 73% (11 pasien) dengan tempat pelaksaan di rumah dan pelayanan kesehatan sebanyak 47% (14 pasien). Perlunya pelaksanaan Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus untuk membantu pasien dalam mengontrol profil gula darah mereka.
PRZEPIS NA PIERWSZĄ W HISTORII SZCZEPIONKĘ: CHORE BYDŁO, MLECZARKI I WIEJSKI LEKARZ. DLACZEGO I JAK STWORZONO PIERWSZĄ SZCZEPIONKĘ?
Authors: Kołaczkowska Elżbieta , Biała Anna
Published: November 2019

Współczesna medycyna przyczyniła się do podwojenia średniej długości życia człowieka od XIX w. Zawdzięczamy to nowym procedurom medycznym i zaawansowanym technologicznie urządzeniom, lekom coraz to nowszych generacji, a także… szczepieniom. W obecnych czasach, w których kwestia szczepień spotyka się z krytyczną opinią części społeczeństwa, warto przypomniećjak i dlaczego doszło do powstania i stosowania pierwszych szczepionek. Czym była wariolizacja, kim byli pionierzy pierwszych procedur wariolizacji/szczepień i dlaczego szczepienia stały się powszechne. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze wydarzenia od wieków średnich do 1796 r., kiedy to wiejski lekarz, Edward Jenner, dokonał pierwszego szczepienia.
Rola warzyw i owoców w diecie osób starszych
Authors: Szmidt Maria , Granda Dominika , Broda Adrian , Brzozowska Anna
Published: November 2019

Jednym z kluczowych elementów dla zdrowego starzenia się jest prawidłowe żywienie, w tym odpowiednia ilość i rodzaj spożywanych warzyw i owoców, jednakże seniorzy zazwyczaj nie jedzą wystarczającej ilości produktów z tych grup. W artykule przedstawiono dane na temat roli owoców i warzyw w zmniejszaniu ryzyka wystąpienia takich chorób, jak schorzenia układu krążenia, osteoporoza, przewlekła obturacyjna choroba płuc, depresja, zaburzenia funkcji poznawczych, niektóre rodzaje nowotworów, a także umieralności. W tym kontekście zaprezentowano dane  dotyczące częstości spożywania warzyw i owoców przez osoby starsze, które wskazują na niezadawalającą realizację zaleceń żywieniowych.  Częstsze spożywanie tych produktów zaobserwowano wśród kobiet, u osób z wyższym wykształceniem, u stosujących leki lub specjalną dietę. Posiadanie protezy zębowej istotnie zmniejszało spożycie owoców. Większa wiedza żywieniowa dotycząca owoców i warzyw związana była z częstszym spożyciem tych produktów. W związku z powyższym, prowadzenie żywieniowych programów edukacyjnych wydaje się szczególnie istotne wśród osób starszych.   

Słowa kluczowe: osoby starsze, owoce, warzywa, częstość spożycia, wiedza żywieniowa
CZY RODZIMY SIĘ MATEMATYKAMI? – O BIOLOGICZNYCH PODSTAWACH ZDOLNOŚCI MATEMATYCZNYCH
Authors: Mielewczyk Aleksandra , Gut Małgorzata
Published: November 2019

Umiejętność posługiwania się liczbami wydaje się być kompetencją, którą nabywamy w procesie edukacji ipod wpływem stymulacji środowiska. Tymczasem, szereg podstawowych zdolności do umysłowego przetwarzania liczb jest wrodzona i ma dość dobrze określone i udokumentowane w badaniach podłoże genetyczne i neurobiologiczne. Wpływy środowiskowe są istotne w kształtowaniu się naszych kompetencji w zakresie matematyki, jednak bez wspomnianej biologicznej bazy są niewystarczające. Co wiadomo o biologicznych determinantach poziomu kompetencji matematycznych? Artykuł stanowi przegląd wybranych danych z literatury prezentujących dowody z obserwacji kompetencji numerycznych zwierząt oraz bardzo małych dzieci, jak również z badań nad neuronalnym podłożem przetwarzania liczb i zaburzeń wtej sferze. Wyniki tych badań jednoznacznie wskazują, że umiejętności matematyczne w dużym stopniu mają charakter wrodzony, a biologia poza środowiskiem (np. wpływami kulturowymi czy edukacją) w dużym stopniu determinuje zdolności w tym zakresie.
TOXOPLASMA GONDII W ŚRODOWISKU MORSKIM
Authors: Morozińska-Gogol Jolanta
Published: November 2019

Od końca lat 90. XX w. stwierdzane są zrażenia T. gondii różnych gatunków ssaków morskich na całym świecie. Szczególnie liczne przypadki dotyczą kałanów morskich, w których diecie nie ma znanych żywicieli pierwotniaka, gdyż odżywiają się bezkręgowcami. Możliwość kumulowania przez filtrujące bezkręgowce oocyst i przekazywania ich do kolejnych ogniw łańcucha pokarmowego jest istotne nie tylko ze względu na krążenie pasożytów w środowisku naturalnym, ale może mieć znaczenie także dla zdrowia publicznego.
SIARKOWODÓR JAKO CZĄSTECZKA REGULATOROWA W KOMÓRKACH ROŚLINNYCH
Authors: Kabała Katarzyna , Żebrowska Justyna , Garbera Dorota
Published: November 2019

Przez długi czas siarkowodór uznawany był wyłącznie za silną toksynę, negatywnie oddziałującą na organizmy żywe. Badania ostatnich lat wykazały korzystny wpływ H2S, podawanego w niskich stężeniach, na funkcjonowanie zarówno zwierząt jak i roślin. Potwierdziły także, że siarkowodór jest cząsteczką sygnałową, podobnej do dwóch znanych gazowych transmiterów, tlenku azotu i tlenku węgla. W komórkach roślinnych zidentyfikowano enzymy odpowiedzialne za generowanie H2S. Należą do nich głównie zlokalizowane w cytosolu desulfhydrazy, a także obecna w chloroplastach reduktaza siarczynowa oraz mitochondrialna syntaza β-cyjanoalaniny. Liczne badania wykazały, że poziom H2S zwiększa się wyraźnie w tkankach roślin w odpowiedzi na działanie niekorzystnych czynników środowiskowych, takich jak zasolenie, metale ciężkie, niedostatek wody czy wysokie i niskie temperatury, sugerując, że pełni on istotną funkcję w adaptacji roślin do stresów abiotycznych. Uważa się, że głównym mechanizmem działania H2S jest S-sulfhydracja, czyli potranslacyjna modyfikacja reaktywnych reszt cysteiny w białkach.
Corrosion Control of Coated Structural Components in Marine Environment
Authors: Manjunath G L , Surendran S
Published: November 2019

Tropical waters are with more salinity and harbor millions of micro organisms. Such environmental condition challenges the strength and reliability of marine structures. The behaviour of structural materials due to pitting and uniform corrosion is studied, and a method based on coating is suggested to improve the life cycle ensuring reliability in its functionality. The structural materials like high strength steel and AA6063 were selected for the study and metallic coating performed for evaluation of corrosion resistances. Samples are investigated in chloride concentration of 3.5% NaCl by weight loss measurements and potentiodynamic polarization. The coating was done by electroplating and PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) method for high strength steel, where as aluminum samples were coated by an electroplating method. The high strength steel samples were mono coated by Ni and Cr using the electroplating method, and composite coating was done with Al-N (Aluminium nitride) and Ti-Al-N (Titanium Aluminium Nitride) by PVD techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for evaluation of fracture toughness of coating around the pits formed. The investigation showed that the methods and thickness of coating influenced corrosion resistances of the substrate metals. Composite coated samples by PVD showed excellent corrosion resistance properties compared to electroplated samples after the investigations. Finite element analysis was performed by FRANC 2D/L (Fracture Analysis Code) showed a decrease in stress intensity values for composite coated samples of PVD compared to mono coated electroplated samples. Increase in the duty cycle of the structure was observed in the simulation has a result of a decrease in stress intensity values for PVD coated samples.
SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGHS: CREATIVITY AND CREATIVE CHANGE
Authors: Melnikas Borisas
Published: November 2019

This theoretical article is intended for complex analysis of complicated phenomena and processes of the promotion of creativity and creative changes in the main areas of the contemporary social and economic life, as well as for the current and most important issues of sustainability, social development, economic growth and technological breakthroughs. Purpose – to prepare, disseminate and implement the new concept of the sustainable social development, economic growth, innovations and technological breakthroughs, the essence of which is an integrated holistic approach to harmonization of various development processes and the use of specific managerial tools and instruments based on the ideas of creativity and creative changes.Research methodology – systematic analysis and synthesis of various scientific ideas and approaches, formulation and analysis of new insights. Findings – a new concept of the promotion of creativity and creative changes is prepared. This concept provides an integrated approach to the solution of the problems of social development, economic growth, innovation activities, technological progress and breakthroughs, as well as of the application of the specific managerial tools and instruments based on the ideas of creativity and creative changes. Implementation of this concept in the practice of the social and economic activities, research and academic studies creates various preconditions for anticipation and realization of new opportunities for social and economic development and technological breakthroughs under contemporary conditions of globalization, European integration and the creation of knowledge-based society. Research limitations – the proposed concept is limited to the cases of the research on general tendencies and the development processes of the society, as well as to the cases of the macroeconomic analysis and preparation of the strategic decisions for social, economic, political and technological development. Originality/Value – the new insights and perspective ideas provided for the priorities of the various social sciences and humanities, particularly – sociology, economics and management science, and of the application of the specific management tools, are described and analyzed. Orientation to these insights and ideas highlights new significant trends in the scientific research.
EFFECT OF LATERAL STIFFNESS OF SECONDARY SUSPENSIONS ON HEAVY-HAUL LOCOMOTIVES STABILITY DURING BRAKING BASED ON SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT
Authors: Guo Lirong , Wang Kaiyun , Chen Zaigang , Shi Zhiyong , Lv Kaikai , Zhang Rui
Published: November 2019

This paper aimed to investigate the effect of the lateral stiffness of secondary suspensions on the stability capacity and running safety of heavy-haul locomotives during braking based on the dynamic model and the field braking tests. The dynamic model of heavy-haul locomotives included two double-unit locomotives and five coupler systems. Simulation results indicate that the increasing of the lateral stiffness of secondary suspensions can improve the stability capacity and running safety of heavy-haul locomotives. Then, the field braking experiments were conducted to validate the dynamic model. Comparing the experiment results of different locomotives, the coupler and carbody yaw angles are respectively decreased by 31.8 and 29.5%, which is consistent with the simulation results. It is worthy to be noted that lateral vibration behaviour of the carbody increases with the increasing of the lateral stiffness of secondary suspensions. For the improved locomotive, the main frequency of lateral acceleration is 1…2 Hz. However, the main frequency of lateral acceleration is 0.5…1 Hz in the original locomotive tests. Moreover, the high-frequency vibration is increased, especially in 10…12.5 Hz. According to the simulation and experiment results, the reasonable lateral stiffness of secondary suspensions is 400 kN/m for the test locomotive.
Galactic Winds in Low-mass Galaxies
Authors: McQuinn Kristen. B. W. , van Zee Liese , Skillman Evan D.
Published: November 2019

Stellar-feedback-driven outflows are predicted to play a fundamental role in the baryon cycle of low-mass galaxies. However, observational constraints of winds in nearby dwarf galaxies are limited, as outflows are transient, intrinsically low surface brightness features and thus difficult to detect. Using deep Hα observations, we search for winds in a sample of 12 nearby dwarfs (M
* ∼ 107–109.3
M
⊙) that host ongoing or recent starbursts. We detect features that we classify as winds in six galaxies, fountain candidates in five galaxies, and diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) in one system. Winds are found preferentially in galaxies with centrally concentrated star formation, while fountains are found in galaxies with spatially distributed star formation. We suggest that the concentration of star formation is a predictor for whether a low-mass galaxy will develop a wind. The spatial extent of all detected ionized gas is limited (<1/10 virial radius) and would still be considered the ISM by cosmological simulations. Our observations suggest that the majority of material expelled from dwarfs does not escape to the intergalactic medium but remains in the halo and may be recycled to the galaxies. Derived mass-loading factors range from 0.2 to 7 (with only a weak dependency on circular velocity or stellar mass), in tension with higher values in simulations needed to reproduce realistic low-mass galaxies and resolve discrepancies with ΛCDM. The sample is part of the panchromatic STARBurst IRegular Dwarf Survey—STARBIRDS—designed to characterize the starburst phenomenon in dwarf galaxies. We also report a previously uncatalogued nearby galaxy (J1118+7913).
Limits on the Electromagnetic Counterpart of Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Visible Wavelengths
Authors: Noysena Kanthanakorn , Klotz Alain , Boër Michel , Laugier Romain , Komonjinda Siramas , Turpin Damien ,   The TAROT Collaboration
Published: November 2019

We used the Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires network of telescopes to search for the electromagnetic counterparts of GW150914, GW170104, and GW170814, which were reported to originate from binary black hole merger events by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory and Virgo collaborations. Our goal is to constrain the emission from a binary black hole coalescence at visible wavelengths. We developed a simple and effective algorithm to detect new sources by matching the image data with the Gaia catalog Data Release 1. Machine learning was used and an algorithm was designed to locate unknown sources in a large field of view image. The angular distance between objects in the image and in the catalog was used to find new sources; we then process the candidates to validate them as possible new unknown celestial objects. Though several possible candidates were detected in the three gravitational-wave source error boxes studied, none of them were confirmed as a viable counterpart. The algorithm was effective for the identification of unknown candidates in a very large field and provided candidates for GW150914, GW170104, and GW170814. The entire 90% GW170814 error box was surveyed extensively within 0.6 days after the gravitational-wave emission resulting in an absolute limiting R magnitude of −23.8. This strong limit excludes to a great extent a possible emission of a gamma-ray burst with an optical counterpart associated with GW170814.
Tidally Induced Radius Inflation of Sub-Neptunes
Authors: Millholland Sarah
Published: November 2019

Recent work suggests that many short-period super-Earth and sub-Neptune planets may have significant spin axis tilts (“obliquities”). When planets are locked in high-obliquity states, the tidal dissipation rate may increase by several orders of magnitude. This intensified heat deposition within the planets’ interiors should generate significant structural consequences, including atmospheric inflation leading to larger transit radii. Using up-to-date radius estimates from Gaia Data Release 2, we show evidence for ∼50% larger average radii of planets wide of first-order mean-motion resonances, a population of planets with a theorized frequent occurrence of high obliquities. We investigate whether this radius trend could be a signature of obliquity tides. Using an adaptation of the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) stellar evolution toolkit, we model the atmospheric evolution of sub-Neptune-mass planets in response to additional internal heat from obliquity tides. The degree of radius inflation predicted by the models is ∼10%–100% for tidal luminosities ≳10−5 of the incident stellar power; this degree of inflation is broadly consistent with the observations and can approximately be described by power-law relationships. We present a few case studies of very low density “super-puff” planets—Kepler-79 d, Kepler-31 c, and Kepler-27 b—and show that they are strong candidates for potentially having undergone tidally induced radius inflation. We also discuss how the discrepancy between the two populations of planets with masses derived from radial velocities and transit timing variations is connected to the radius distribution features we have identified. Altogether, the calculations in this work confirm that tidal dissipation has nonnegligible consequences for the structural properties of short-period sub-Neptunes.
Calibrating the Cosmic Distance Ladder Using Gravitational-wave Observations
Authors: Gupta Anuradha , Fox Derek , Sathyaprakash B. S. , Schutz B. F.
Published: November 2019

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are among the pre-eminent distance ladders for precision cosmology due to their intrinsic brightness, which allows them to be observable at high redshifts. Their usefulness as unbiased estimators of absolute cosmological distances, however, depends on accurate understanding of their intrinsic brightness, or anchoring their distance scale. This knowledge is based on calibrating their distances with Cepheids. Gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences, being standard sirens, can be used to validate distances to SNe Ia when both occur in the same galaxy or galaxy cluster. The current measurement of distance by the advanced LIGO and Virgo detector network suffers from large statistical errors (∼50%). However, we find that, using a third-generation gravitational-wave detector network, standard sirens will allow us to measure distances with an accuracy of ∼0.1%–3% for sources within ≤300 Mpc. These are much smaller than the dominant systematic error of ∼5% due to the radial peculiar velocity of host galaxies. Therefore, gravitational-wave observations could soon add a new cosmic distance ladder for an independent calibration of distances to SNe Ia.
An Empirical Model of Energetic Neutral Atom Imaging of the Heliosphere and Its Implications for Future Heliospheric Missions at Great Heliocentric Distances
Authors: Galli A. , Wurz P. , Fichtner H. , Futaana Y. , Barabash S.
Published: November 2019

Several concepts for heliospheric missions operating at heliocentric distances far beyond Earth orbit are currently investigated by the scientific community. The mission concept of the Interstellar Probe, e.g., aims at reaching a distance of 1000 au away from the Sun within this century. This would allow the coming generation to obtain a global view of our heliosphere from an outside vantage point by measuring the energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) originating from the various plasma regions. It would also allow for direct sampling of the unperturbed interstellar medium, as well as for many observation opportunities beyond heliospheric science, such as visits to Kuiper Belt objects, a comprehensive view on the interplanetary dust populations, and infrared astronomy free from the foreground emission of the zodiacal cloud. In this study, we present a simple empirical model of ENAs from the heliosphere and derive basic requirements for ENA instrumentation on board a spacecraft at great heliocentric distances. We consider the full energy range of heliospheric ENAs from 10 eV to 100 keV because each part of the energy spectrum has its own merits for heliospheric science. To cover the full ENA energy range, two or three different ENA instruments are needed. Thanks to parallax observations, some insights about the nature of the IBEX ribbon and the dimensions of the heliosphere can already be gained by ENA imaging from a few au heliocentric distance. To directly reveal the global shape of the heliosphere, measurements from outside the heliosphere are, of course, the best option.
'Legends have a tenacious life': Ernst Thälmann, the First World War and memory in the GDR
Authors: Laporte Norman
Published: November 2019

Despite Ernst Thälmann's prominence in the German Democratic Republic's official antifascist narrative, there was no 'scholarly' biography of him until 1979. The reasons for this shed light on the political culture of the Socialist Unity Party (SED) and its history-writing arm,
the Institute of Marxism-Leninism – especially in the regime's early years under Walter Ulbricht. The refusal to falsify Thälmann's relatively conventional war record by the SED's appointed biographer, party veteran Rudolf Lindau, was a refusal to expunge his own party history from
official memory. As a founding member of the International Communists of Germany (IKD), which was close to Leninism during and immediately after the war, Lindau did not want to contribute to myth-making which failed to account for the actual wartime antimilitarism of his own proto-communist
grouping. The feud was part of wider debates in the SED about the nature of the November Revolution and the origins of the German Communist Party (1918), which ultimately identified the Spartacist tradition as the party's official heritage. Of course, Lindau could not change the party line;
but he was given very considerable latitude to disseminate his own views within party circles. He only came into conflict with the party leadership after being accused of building a 'platform' (i.e. taking collective action) in the early 1960s and even then met no serious sanction. In short,
the SED was not the monolith of cold-war cliché. Instead, it tried to maximise the latitude given to old Communists from a diversity of party traditions.
O TRATO DOS CONTEÚDOS DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA PERSPECTIVA DO PROFESSOR ATUANTE NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Paixão Jairo Antonio , Della Lucia Emanuel Mattos , Souza Jefferson Teixeira , Souza Ederley Emanuel
Published: November 2019

Analisou o trato dos conteúdos de Educação Física pelos professores na educação básica. A partir de uma investigação descritiva e de cunho qualitativo com professores que se formaram após o movimento renovador,  percebeu-se uma situação paradoxal na qual, apesar de ressaltarem a importância de se adotar uma abordagem metodológica, a grande maioria desses professores não adotam nenhum tipo de abordagem metodológica sistematizada no trato dos conteúdos em suas aulas. Dentre as razões tal postura foram ressaltadas materiais pedagógicos e infraestrutura insuficientes para as aulas, a indisciplina e o desinteresse por parte de uma parcela considerável de alunos em participar das aulas. Este cenário revela um componente curricular que, do ponto de vista metodológico, encontra-se distante de  atingir as finalidades que lhe são atribuídas pelos currículos oficiais como os PCN´s, CBC´s e ainda a BNCC, que se encontra em vias de ser implantada no ensino básico brasileiro.
O USO DE DISPOSITIVOS MÓVEIS NA ROTINA DE ESTUDOS DE ALUNOS E ALUNAS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL II
Authors: Lostada Lauro Roberto , Avila Silviane De Luca , Martins Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho busca compreender como alunos e alunas do ensino fundamental II de uma escola filantrópica do município de São José, em Santa Catarina, fazem uso das tecnologias móveis na sua rotina de estudos, tanto dentro da escola como em outros espaços. Por meio de um questionário online buscamos conhecer esta rotina e como a mobilidade e a ubiquidade estão presentes em seus processos de aprendizagem, enquanto mecanismos do ciberespaço que podem possibilitar a aprendizagem ubíqua e a formação de comunidades de aprendizagem, permitindo, portanto, a aprendizagem por cooperação, com colegas e professores. O resultado da pesquisa aponta, de maneira geral, para uma mudança de paradigma, onde a escola deixa de ser o centro exclusivo do saber, mediando novos espaços de aprendizagem por meio de tecnologias móveis de informação e comunicação.
HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO NO BRASIL E A PEDAGOGIA DA ALTERNÂNCIA
Authors: Bicalho Ramofly
Published: November 2019

O objetivo principal desse artigo é mostrar a estreita articulação entre movimentos sociais, pedagogia da alternância e educação do campo. Pensar o campo como lugar de resistência, trabalho, educação, luta pela terra e moradia. Compreendemos que o desenvolvimento das pesquisas em educação do campo no Brasil resiste, entre outros aspectos, às seguintes dificuldades: estradas intransitáveis, escoamento da produção agrícola, fechamento de escolas do campo ou em péssimas condições de trabalho, inexistência de acesso à internet, descaso das secretarias, estaduais e municipais, de educação na organização das políticas públicas efetivas de educação do campo e formação de professores. Na pesquisa de campo privilegiamos a análise documental, os acervos bibliográficos disponíveis nas instituições pesquisadas e os encontros com docentes, discentes da Licenciatura em Educação do Campo na UFRRJ e bolsistas do PET Educação do Campo e Movimentos Sociais, envolvidos com práticas de alternância no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Constatamos que uma parte considerável da população brasileira vive, trabalha e resiste no meio rural, embora, a quantidade e a qualidade das pesquisas sobre tal temática sejam ainda insuficientes. A realidade da agricultura familiar no Brasil e sua relação com os assentamentos, acampamentos e territórios quilombolas necessita de estudos e aprofundamentos teóricos. Segundo os movimentos sociais do campo, é urgente a defesa de uma agricultura familiar ligada às questões da agroecologia, segurança alimentar, semente crioula e a presença constante das famílias na consolidação das escolas do campo.
A POLÍTICA DA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA E A GESTÃO ESCOLAR: O QUE DIZEM OS DOCUMENT
Authors: Perrrude Marleide Rodrigues da Silva , Czernisz Eliane Cleide da Silva
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a educação escolar indígena no Brasil. Parte do seguinte questionamento: como a reforma gerencial tem impactado a educação escolar indígena? Que direcionamento tem sido dado à política educativa para a organização da prática pedagógica? Como procedimento, foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico sobre a reforma do estado, gestão e educação escolar indígena, além de se proceder à análise documental, destacando os documentos que balizam a política educacional para os povos indígenas. Concluímos, pontuando que  a educação escolar indígena, direcionada em meio às transformações políticas e pedagógicas influenciadas pelo neoliberalismo e pela administração gerencial, apesar dos problemas que tem trazido com a transferência de responsabilidades do poder público para as escolas, tem possibilitado maior abertura para a participação das comunidades indígenas na definição e encaminhamento do projeto pedagógico e no direcionamento das práticas pedagógicas, realizadas conforme a necessidade dos diferentes povos indígenas. Palavras-Chave: Reforma do Estado, Política Educacional, Educação Escolar Indígena, Gestão
A LITERATURA INFANTIL REPUBLICANA: A FORMAÇÃO MORAL E CÍVICA DAS CRIANÇAS BRASILEIRAS (1889-1930)
Authors: Ferronato Cristiano de Jesus , Pacifico Martineli Laís , Gomes Machado Maria Cristina
Published: November 2019

Esse estudo investiga os livros infantis produzidos nos anos iniciais da Primeira República (1889-1930) no Brasil, com ênfase no seu teor pedagógico em relação ao projeto de educação intelectual, moral e cívica das crianças brasileiras. Para tanto, elucidamos o contexto histórico e educacional daquele momento. Isso ocorreu devido a demanda por livros de leitura infantil escolar para a educação das crianças brasileiras. Neste sentido, observamos que houve um aumento de publicações infantis para a utilização como segundo livro de leitura. Notou-se, então, que a maior parte dos livros infantis apresentavam temas didáticos, destacando a formação do cidadão e do trabalhador nacional. Os livros estudados mostram temas e valores semelhantes, bem como um modelo de criança como um adulto em miniatura. Isso nos revela que essas características recorrentes nos livros eram importantes para a manutenção do projeto educacional de sustentação e legitimação do novo regime republicano.
INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO: AS DISCUSSÕES SOBRE A TERMINALIDADE ESPECÍFICA E A NECESSIDADE DO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO
Authors: Pertile Eliane Brunetto , Mori Nerli Nonato Ribeiro
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a profissionalização das pessoas com deficiência nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IFs). Discutimos a reserva de vagas nos processos seletivos e os desafios dos IFs frente a essa nova realidade. Entendemos que, frente a história de predomínio da negligência do poder público na preparação profissional das pessoas com deficiência, a ampliação do ingresso nos IFs é uma oportunidade relevante de formação para o trabalho. Além disso, apontamos para a necessidade de ampliar as discussões sobre formas de organização diferenciadas dos processos educacionais e a importância do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) no ensino profissional para a permanência dos alunos e constituição de uma formação que atenda às necessidades desses sujeitos, principalmente da indicação do uso da terminalidade específica para a certificação.
SALUTO DEL PRESIDENTE DELLâ€™ISTITUTO LOMBARDO
Authors: Beretta Silvio
Published: November 2019

Non disponibile.
PROGRESSO SCIENTIFICO E INNOVAZIONE TECNOLOGICA: ASPETTI ETICI E GIURIDICI
Authors: Veca Salvatore
Published: November 2019

My paper focuses on several main themes: the social image of science, the effects of technological innovation and the notion of the quality of life. I propose seven dilemmas generated by the analysis of these main themes, and try to clarify i) in what way a new social contract between science and society is urgent; ii) why we need a mature, pluralistic culture of innovation; iii) why we should adopt a multidimensional notion of the quality of life.
ASPETTI ETICI DELLA RICERCA E DELLâ€™INNOVAZIONE TECNOLOGICA: IL CASO DELLâ€™INFORMATICA | MONDI VIRTUALI, RETI SOCIALI, SISTEMI AUTONOMI â€œINTELLIGENTIâ€
Authors: Ghezzi Carlo
Published: November 2019

Advances in research and technological innovations in Informatics are revolutionizing our society. We already live in a cyber-physical world: interaction and collaboration among humans occurs seamlessly both in physical and in virtual spaces and virtual agents automate tasks at all levels, including those that traditionally relied on human intelligence. Access to data and information is available to everybody, anywhere and at any time, eliminating barriers but also generating potential distorted usage. Whatever humans do is inevitably mediated by technology, which potentially invades the private sphere of individuals. Changes are happening so fast and their effects are so spectacular that their ethical implications are often understood too late or underestimated. This contribution briefly introduces the disruptive changes produced by advances in Informatics and their severe ethical implications. It argues that an interdisciplinary effort is needed to focus on ethical issues while research and innovation are developed rather than as an after-the-fact reflection.
DIRITTO E TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Onida Valerio
Published: November 2019

The intervention starts from the observation that technology is a tool for the transformation of reality that is itself â€œneutralâ€, i.e. usable for different and even opposite purposes, while law is a tool to orient, to condition and to govern human behaviours in relation to social ends, that is to say, what is right or better for society. Hence the intrinsic â€œfinalismâ€ of law, and the fundamental difference between the â€œpowerâ€ of technology and the juridical power that is exercised for social purposes and to settle conflicts of interests between individuals and between communities. It then examines the potential and limitations of the use of computer techniques to perform legal acts; the new role of law in the face of the growth of technological â€œpowersâ€ of data collection and use; the demand to adapt the regulation of relationships between individuals (such as labour relationships) in the face of technological changes in reality; the problems of â€œrelocationâ€ of the law related to the development of the Internet; the new demands to legal powers to regulate phenomena such as the genetic manipulation of the human being and the use of artificial intelligence, with a view to safeguarding the essence of being â€œhumanâ€.
Scope and new horizons for implementation of m-Health/e-Health services in pulmonology in 2019
Authors: Mishlanov Vitaliy , Chuchalin Alexander , Chereshnev Valeriy , Poberezhets Vitalii , Vitacca Michele , Nevzorova Vera , Aisanov Zaurbek , Vizel Alexander , Shubin Igor , Nikitin Aleksey , Zulkarneev Rustem , Khovaeva Yaroslava
Published: November 2019

The reason for this review based on the results of many meta- analyses is the great assessed difference in the methods of most studies in e-Health, telemedicine and tele-rehabilitation. It consists of different understanding of new terms, using different hard- and software, including criteria, different methodology of patient’s treatment and its evaluation. This status suggests that first of all m-Health/e-Health requires a unique ontology of terms using and methodology of studies comparing. In this review we try to describe shortly the most significant points of modern e-Health field of medicine. The basic parts include methodology of review formation, tele-communication implementation results, tele-education, interactive questioning, tele-consultation, telemedicine diagnosis, tele-monitoring, rehabilitation and tele-rehabilitation, gamification, acceptability of mobile electronic devices and software in e-Health and planning studies. At the end of the review the new ontological structure of digital medicine is presented.
Characterization of anodic biofilm bacterial communities and performance evaluation of a mediator-free microbial fuel cell
Authors: Kamel Momen Salah , Abd-Alla Mohamed Hemida , Abdul-Raouf Usama M.
Published: November 2019

This study investigated the bioelectrical performance of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) fueled with acetate as the electron donor and inoculated with municipal solid waste rejected fractions (MSWRFs) as a microbial inoculum. The molecular characterization of the bacterial community structures of the anodic biofilm was conducted based on 16s RNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that the highest open-circuit voltage (OCV) was 797 mV and the system had a maximum power density of 134.5 mW/m2 at a stable current density of 328 mA/m2. The microbial fuel cell’s (MFC) columbic efficiency (CE) was 55% at a maximum substrate degradation rate of about 86.6% based on COD removal efficiency. The molecular analysis of the anodic bacterial isolates indicated that the phylogenetic bacterial mixture was dominated by seven strains with similarity percentage above 99% for each strain: Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus sp., Bacillus subterranous, Enterobacter celoaca, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli. These results suggested that MSWRFs bacterial consortia have a moderate symbiotic structure as indicated by electrons release in parallel with substrate decomposition.
Do zeitgeist às prateleiras – as obras das autoras portuguesas censuradas
Authors: Pedrosa Ana Bárbara
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo, resumimos as conclusões da tese de doutoramento apresentada à Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina em 2017. Aqui, fazemos uma análise das condições de produção e recepção das obras das autoras portuguesas censuradas pela PIDE. Com um corpus que alberga todos os romances censurados de todas as autoras portuguesas, incluindo ainda peças de teatro e poesia, procurámos os motivos que levaram à censura e analisámos o papel que a censura teve na delineação do cânone literário português. O seu papel não é mesurável, quantitativo. Não apenas teve a sua influência sobre os livros que censurou: existem ainda aqueles que foram modificados para evitarem a proibição e aqueles que nem sequer foram escritos. Para mais, analisámos as condições de recepção dessas obras, já que, se umas foram simplesmente apagadas, outras motivaram processos judiciais ou movimentos sociais de apoio. O único denominador simbólico comum parte de uma identidade social que, por sua vez, parte de elementos culturais, sociais e políticos.
Pelos fios da memória: infância e ancestralidade em "Ponciá Vicêncio"
Authors: Santos Elisângela Da Silva
Published: November 2019

A escritora mineira Conceição Evaristo traz como marca a produção literária nascida da experiência de vida do sujeito negro na sociedade brasileira, o que abala a estruturas e padrões literários hegemônicos. Neste artigo, discute-se a temática da infância na obra de Conceição Evaristo, Ponciá Vicêncio, que também pode ser lida como uma quebra de padrões ao oferecer protagonismo à criança. Como veremos, neste romance, a infância das personagens, transita historicamente entre passado e presente, descrevendo as diferentes formas de aprendizagem, brincadeiras, fantasias, violência e opressão, em consonância com a herança identitária das personagens, que adultas repensam o olhar e o sentir da criança. Numa sociedade que prioriza o olhar do adulto experiente, a criança pequena e negra, adquire centralidade e pode narrar seus percursos, a partir da sua condição social, racial e também de gênero. Como se observará, uma crítica social ao passado escravista perpassa todo o livro. O romance é constituído a partir de uma estrutura sinuosa, uma vez que sua leitura depende das lembranças da personagem principal, que ingressa em diversos labirintos até encontrar uma saída para seu sofrimento e inanição, diante da situação de desigualdade social e racial vivenciada por ela e por sua família. Neste sentido, Evaristo nos apresenta a possibilidade de pensar a infância de maneira plural, pois nos convida a repensarmos na concepção do que é o universo infantil para além da inocência, do paraíso perdido, dos brinquedos coloridos, e dos bancos escolares normatizadores.
Repeated Use of IMF-Supported Programs
Authors: Iseringhausen Martin , Nkusu Mwanza , Wiranto Wellian
Published: November 2019

This paper studies the determinants of repeated use of Fund-supported programs in a large sample covering virtually all General Resources Account (GRA) arrangements that were approved between 1952 and 2012. Generally, the revolving nature of the IMF’s resources calls for the temporary sup-port of member countries to address balance of payments problems while repeated use has often been viewed as program failure. First, using probit models we show that a small number of country-specific variables such as growth, the current account balance, the international reserves position, and the institutional framework play a significant role in explaining repeated use. Second, we discuss the role of IMF-specific and program-specific variables and find evidence that a country’s track record with the Fund is a good predictor of repeated use. Finally, we conduct an out-of-sample forecasting exer-cise. While our approach has predictive power for repeated use, exact forecasting remains challenging. From a policy perspective, the results could prove useful to assess the risk IMF programs pose to the revolving nature of the Fund’s financial resources.
Mexico
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Published: November 2019

Selected Issues
IMF Policies and Practices on Capacity Development
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: November 2019

This statement summarizes the IMF’s policies and practices with regard to the delivery of capacity development (CD) activities. It updates the 2014 Statement on IMF Policies and Practices on Capacity Development and reflects the conclusions of the 2018 Review of the Fund’s Capacity Development Strategy, approved by the Executive Board on November 14, 2018. The purpose of the statement is to consolidate the guiding principles endorsed by the Board with policies and practices that are within the authority of IMF’s management and are followed by staff in carrying out capacity development activities. The statement is expected to be of use to IMF staff, Executive Directors and their staff, country authorities, and donors. It also serves as a point of reference for future reviews of the IMF’s CD activities.
Full-physics carbon dioxide retrievals from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite by only using the 2.06 µm band
Authors: Wu Lianghai , Hasekamp Otto , Hu Haili , aan de Brugh Joost , Landgraf Jochen , Butz Andre , Aben Ilse
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Passive remote sensing of atmospheric carbon dioxide uses spectroscopic measurements of sunlight backscattered by the Earth's surface and atmosphere. The current state-of-the-art retrieval methods use three different spectral bands, the oxygen A band at 0.76 µm and the weak and strong CO2 absorption bands at 1.61 and 2.06 µm, respectively, to infer information on light scattering and the carbon dioxide column-averaged dry-air mole fraction XCO2. In this study, we propose a one-band XCO2 retrieval technique which uses only the 2.06 µm band measurements from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite. We examine the data quality by comparing the OCO-2 XCO2 with collocated ground-based measurements from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). Over land and ocean the OCO-2 one-band retrieval shows differences from TCCON observations with a standard deviation of ∼1.30 ppm and a station-to-station variability of ∼0.50 ppm. Moreover, we compare one-band and three-band retrievals over Europe, the Middle East, and Africa and see high correlation between the two retrievals with a SD of 0.93 ppm. Compared to the three-band retrievals, XCO2 retrievals using only the 2.06 µm band have similar retrieval accuracy, precision, and data yield.
Work-Life Balance, Employee Job Performance and Satisfaction Among Doctors and Nurses in Malaysia
Authors: Dousin Oscar , Collins Ngan , Kler Balvinder Kaur
Published: November 2019

In this era, the concepts of human resource management (HRM) practices have evolved to the implementation of work-life balance (WLB) practices, such as: flexible working hours and supportive supervision. WLB practices have shown a great influence on employee attraction, retention, motivation and development. This study examines the relationship between WLB practices on employee job performance as well as the mediating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship between work-life balance practices and employee job performance among doctors and nurses in East Malaysia. The study surveys 491 doctors and nurses in the East Malaysia states of Sabah and Sarawak in 2016-2017. Four hypotheses were tested with validated measures of WLB practices (flexible working hours and supportive supervision), job satisfaction and job performance. Findings revealed that flexible working hours and supportive supervision has a significant and positive impact to job performance. Job satisfaction positively mediates the relationship between flexible working hours and supportive supervision towards job performance. An effective WLB practices will improve employees’ job satisfaction which eventually increase their job performance and productivity. This study’s findings aim to assist the Malaysian healthcare industry in improving doctors’ and nurses’ attraction, retention and motivation.
Acidentes de trabalho com crianças e adolescentes: dados conhecidos ou dados ocultados?
Authors: Leite Lorraine Lacerda , Rocha Gabriela Fernandes , Alberto Maria de Fátima Pereira
Published: November 2019

Trabalho precoce é um problema de saúde pública, pois expõe crianças e adolescentes a riscos, lesões e deformidades físicas, afetando seu desenvolvimento. Este estudo teve o objetivo de caracterizar acidentes de trabalho que envolvem crianças e adolescentes do município de João Pessoa. Utilizou-se análise descritiva das informações de 62 fichas. Verificou-se que a maioria dos acidentes ocorreu com meninos (95,7%), idade de 16 a 18 anos (77,4%), exercendo atividades no setor de comércio e serviços (46,4%), causados por contato com objetos cortantes (37,1%), provocando ferimentos (27,4%) e contusões (22,6%) nos membros superiores (56,5%). Constatou-se que as fichas são preenchidas de forma inadequada, com respostas em branco, não especificado ou ignorado. Concluiu-se que o monitoramento dos agravos e prejuízos à saúde provocados por acidentes de trabalho com crianças e adolescentes constitui uma forma de contribuir com ações nos diversos níveis da rede pública de saúde, voltadas para erradicação do trabalho precoce.
As fotografias como representação da racionalização para a formação do pequeno operário
Authors: Dominschek Desiré Luciane
Published: November 2019

A utilização de imagens fotográficas por historiadores vem permitindo realizar trabalhos renovadores no âmbito da história, seja da educação, da saúde ou da ciência. O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar as fotografias como possibilidades de novas pesquisas e novas análises em trabalhos futuros, sobre o ensino profissional no Paraná. Entendendo que cada momento histórico produz representações passíveis de serem analisadas pelo historiador e que podem propiciar outras versões da temática à historiografia, propomos a apresentação da formação de jovens aprendizes por meio de imagens fotográficas na escola do Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial (Senai) em Curitiba, entre as décadas de 1950 a 1980. As fotografias em grande maioria produzidas por fotógrafos não identificados e/ou contratos pelo SENAI, apresentam momentos do processo de formação dos aprendizes na ótica institucional, e podem suscitar outras perspectivas de análise.