bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Female genital schistosomiasis is a neglected public health problem in Tanzania: Evidence from a scoping review
Authors: Mbwanji Gladys , Mazigo Humphrey D. , Maganga Jane K. , Downs Jennifer A.
Published: March 2024

Schistosoma haematobium, the parasite that causes urogenital schistosomiasis, is widely prevalent in Tanzania. In addition to well-known effects on the urinary tract, S. haematobium also causes clinically- evident damage to the reproductive tract in approximately half of infected women, which is known as female genital schistosomiasis (FGS). FGS has major gynecologic and social consequences on women’s reproductive health, yet little information is available regarding FGS in Tanzania. To cover that gap, we conducted the present scoping review to examine the epidemiology of FGS in Tanzania (both in the mainland and Zanzibar island) and to make recommendations for future work in this area. The available evidence from community-based and hospital-based retrospective studies indicates that FGS is a significant health problem in the country. Very few community-based studies have been reported from mainland Tanzania, and Zanzibar. Our review highlights the scarcity of efforts to address FGS in Tanzania and the need for additional community-based studies. The studies will help us understand the true burden of the disease nationwide, to assess the impact of praziquantel on FGS lesions, and to address social and mental health in relation to FGS. This review emphasizes integration of delivery of FGS related services in primary health care systems through the reproductive health clinics which covers sexually transmitted infections, HIV and cervical cancer screening. These actions are essential if this neglected gynecological disease is to be addressed in Tanzania.
How current law and policy supports providers of NHS healthcare in England to respond to patient harm: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Assame Naomi , Greenhalgh Susan , Tingle John , Wright Julie , Yeowell Gillian
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Harm arising from National Health Service (NHS) healthcare results in significant human cost for the patient, those who care for them, and the medical staff involved. Furthermore, patient harm results in substantial financial costs to the public purse. Improving how NHS providers in England respond to patient harm could reduce the number of claims for clinical negligence brought against NHS. Doing so will ensure those affected receive the justice they deserve and protect the public purse. Law and policy are key to supporting providers of NHS healthcare to respond to patient harm but are not necessarily understood and therefore can be challenging to apply to practice. Research exploring how law and policy supports this understanding is limited. The purpose of this scoping review is to address this knowledge gap and improve understanding by critically evaluating how law and policy supports providers of NHS healthcare in England to respond to patient harm.

Methods and analysis

The review will use the methodological framework proposed by Arskey and O’Malley, Levac et al and the Joanna Briggs Institute. Search strategies will be developed using selected key words and index terms. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Westlaw and reference lists of relevant publications will be searched to identify relevant grey literature. Two reviewers will independently assess the extracted data against the eligibility criteria. All studies identified will be charted and the results presented as a narrative synthesis.
Association between chiropractic spinal manipulation and cauda equina syndrome in adults with low back pain: Retrospective cohort study of US academic health centers
Authors: Trager Robert J. , Baumann Anthony N. , Perez Jaime A. , Dusek Jeffery A. , Perfecto Romeo-Paolo T. , Goertz Christine M.
Published: March 2024

Background

Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a lumbosacral surgical emergency that has been associated with chiropractic spinal manipulation (CSM) in case reports. However, identifying if there is a potential causal effect is complicated by the heightened incidence of CES among those with low back pain (LBP). The study hypothesis was that there would be no increase in the risk of CES in adults with LBP following CSM compared to a propensity-matched cohort following physical therapy (PT) evaluation without spinal manipulation over a three-month follow-up period.

Methods

A query of a United States network (TriNetX, Inc.) was conducted, searching health records of more than 107 million patients attending academic health centers, yielding data ranging from 20 years prior to the search date (July 30, 2023). Patients aged 18 or older with LBP were included, excluding those with pre-existing CES, incontinence, or serious pathology that may cause CES. Patients were divided into two cohorts: (1) LBP patients receiving CSM or (2) LBP patients receiving PT evaluation without spinal manipulation. Propensity score matching controlled for confounding variables associated with CES.

Results

67,220 patients per cohort (mean age 51 years) remained after propensity matching. CES incidence was 0.07% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.05–0.09%) in the CSM cohort compared to 0.11% (95% CI: 0.09–0.14%) in the PT evaluation cohort, yielding a risk ratio and 95% CI of 0.60 (0.42–0.86; p = .0052). Both cohorts showed a higher rate of CES during the first two weeks of follow-up.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that CSM is not a risk factor for CES. Considering prior epidemiologic evidence, patients with LBP may have an elevated risk of CES independent of treatment. These findings warrant further corroboration. In the meantime, clinicians should be vigilant to identify LBP patients with CES and promptly refer them for surgical evaluation.
Experiential-sensorial adaptive system model for hospitality based on 360° VR videos and case-based reasoning
Authors: Alfaro Luis , Rivera Claudia , Luna-Urquizo Jorge , Ayala Francisco , Delgado Lucy , Castañeda Elisa
Published: March 2024

In this work, an adaptive software architecture is proposed for the generation of experiences for hotel promotion and marketing, based on Case-based Reasoning (CBR) that uses the attributes and user characteristics and immersive 360° videos. Considering that immersion in virtual reality (VR) environments can trigger responses in various dimensions, such as affective, cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioral dimensions, these dimensions are evaluated in immersive environments with 360° videos. To validate the results obtained with the software architecture, a quasi-experimental study was conducted through the evaluation of the experience, consisting in the visualization of the environments of a boutique hotel, with a sample of a randomly selected group of young people. The contribution of this work lies in the use of 360° VR videos, for the visualization of the hotel characteristics and environments according the user profiles, to evaluate the affective, cognitive and attitudinal and behavioral responses and their influence on the booking intention and attitude. Finally, conclusions and recommendations for future work have been established.
Tree mortality and recruitment in secondary Andean tropical mountain forests along a 3000 m elevation gradient
Authors: Ordoñez Jenny C. , Pinto Esteban , Bernardi Antonella , Cuesta Francisco
Published: March 2024

This study addresses the understudied dynamics of mortality and recruitment in Tropical Mountain forests, critical determinants of forest structural processes and biomass turnover. We examine how these demographic processes change with elevation and varying degrees of forest recovery by utilizing two forest censuses (2015 and 2019) from 16 plots (0.36 ha) across a 600–3500 m asl elevation gradient in the Ecuadorian Andes. Employing multivariate PCA analyses, we characterize successional forest dynamics and explore relationships between demographic rates, elevation, and indicators of forest recovery using standard linear regression and generalized additive models (GAMs). Contrary to our hypothesis, mortality exhibits a unimodal response, peaking at mid-elevations, with no significant relationship to above-ground biomass productivity (AGBp). In our successional forests, dominance by fast-growing species alters expected patterns, leading to increased mortality rates and AGBp, particularly at low-mid elevations. Forest recovery emerges as a significant driver of mortality and the sole predictor of recruitment, especially across different recovery statuses. Although forest recovery doesn’t impact mortality rates, it elucidates the identity of declining species in forests with varying recovery degrees. Our findings underscore that while forest recovery does not alter mortality rates, it provides critical insights into understanding which species are affected under varying recovery conditions. Recruitment, primarily driven by successional dynamics, exhibits higher rates in sites with less recovery. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of forest structure indicators, such as above-ground biomass, in inferring successional dynamics when the time since the last disturbance is unknown. The study emphasizes the importance of considering disturbances in comprehending the intricate interplay between the environment and forest dynamics in secondary forests.
Enterprise innovation and audit pricing: An evidence study from China’s A-share listed companies
Authors: Zhang Li , Su Wunhong , Liu Shanqiu
Published: March 2024

Driven by innovation strategy, Chinese enterprises’ innovation investment, and research and development capability have been continuously improved, and the audit risk caused by this has attracted widespread attention from the academic community. This study takes China’s A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2021 as samples to empirically test the relationship between innovation input and audit pricing of Chinese enterprises. Research shows that the higher the innovation investment, the higher the audit cost. High-quality corporate governance, sufficient research and development personnel, research and development subsidies, and operating cash flow can all play a negative moderating role. A good innovation environment will weaken the positive influence between innovation input and audit fees. This study theoretically confirms the risk-oriented audit pricing mechanism, which is of great significance for optimizing enterprise innovation risk management and improving audit service levels.
The association between a rotator cuff tendon tear and a tear of the long head of the biceps tendon: Chart review study
Authors: Alraddadi Abdulrahman , Aldebasi Bader , Alnufaie Bander , Almuhanna Mohammed , Alkhalifah Mohammed , Aleidan Motaz , Murad Yousef , Almuklass Awad M. , Ahmed Altayeb A.
Published: March 2024

Rotator cuff (RC) and long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) tears are common shoulder problems presented to the orthopedic clinic. The aim of this study was to assess the association between RC and LHBT tears among a Saudi population sample. A total of 243 patients who were diagnosed with shoulder pain due to RC or LHBT tear between 2016 and 2018 using a magnetic resonance imaging scan were included in this study. Females comprised 66% of the sample, and 59% (n = 143) of the shoulders were on the right side. The mean age of the patients was 58 ± 11 years, ranging from 23 to 88 years. A significant association was detected between the LHBT and RC tears (P < 0.001). Out of 26 cases showing RC and LHBT tears, 81% had a full thickness tear, whereas 19% had a partial tear. The LHBT tears were presented significantly in 48% of cases with at least two completely torn RC compared to 10% in cases with one completely torn RC (P < 0.001). The LHBT tear was significantly observed in shoulders with RC tears including the tendons of subscapularis, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus, but not the teres minor (P < 0.001). Both types of tears were presented significantly in senior patients aged more than 65 years compared to younger patients (P < 0.01). Thus, the LHBT should be assessed carefully in shoulders with more than one RC tear or in chronic cases.
Incidence and survival of second primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-based cohort study
Authors: Yu Nasha , Zhang Weiming , Zhong Xing , Song Xiangxiang , Li Wuping
Published: March 2024

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate patient survival and factors associated with survival in second primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) compared with the first primary NHL.

Methods

The retrospective cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2014. Demographic characteristics, histological types, Ann Arbor stage, and treatment information were collected. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in the first and second primary NHLs.

Results

Of 318,168 cases followed for 5 years, 299,248 patients developed the first primary NHL and 18,920 patients developed the second primary NHL. This study identified a rising incidence of first and second primary NHL from 2000 to 2014. For the second primary NHL, the OS risk was higher when compared to the first primary NHL (HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.15,P<0.001). Risk factors that negatively affected OS in the first primary NHL included being male, over 40 years of age, certain marital statuses, specific histological types, and advanced disease stages. In contrast, being of White race and having histological types such as Follicular Lymphoma (FL), Marginal Zone Lymphoma (MZL), and mantle B-cell NHL were associated with better OS outcomes. Treatments like surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy were associated with a lower risk of OS and CSS in the first primary NHL. For the second primary NHL, the detrimental risk factors were similar but also included being over the age of 60. Certain histological types showed a lower OS risk relative to diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). While surgery and chemotherapy were beneficial for OS, radiation therapy did not improve survival in second primary NHL cases. Notably, undergoing chemotherapy for the first primary cancer increased the OS risk in the second primary NHL, whereas surgery and radiation seemed to offer a protective effect against OS risk in the second primary NHL (allP<0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings emphasize the need for tailored strategies in managing the second primary NHL, given the distinct survival patterns and risk factor profiles compared to the first primary NHL. Future research should aim to further elucidate these differences to improve prognosis and treatment approaches for second primary NHL patients.
PROFISSIONAIS DA PSICOLOGIA NO ACOLHIMENTO DE MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA
Authors: Cianci Buck Milena , Tamaki Otani Isabela , Sayuri Tanaka Brenda , Bortolozzi Ana Claudia
Published: March 2024

A violência contra a mulher é um tema relevante na área da saúde, considerando o recente aumento significativo no número de casos registrados. Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o atendimento e acolhimento, por parte de profissionais da psicologia, para mulheres vítimas de violências. Foi utilizando o método PRISMA, consultando artigos desenvolvidos no Brasil, publicados na base de dados Período CAPES, entre 2000 e 2020. Entre 51 artigos encontrados inicialmente, 43 foram revisados segundo o escopo da pesquisa, dos quais 13 foram incluídos nesta revisão. A pesquisa realizada permitiu identificar categorias que entendem o quanto a violência contra mulheres é prejudicial em suas diversas formas de manifestação. Além disso, há algumas recomendações e estudos sobre qual a melhor forma de acolher as vítimas, mas não há documentos ou formas de padronização de modalidades deste tipo. Conclui-se pela importância da instrumentalização para a prática profissional diante desses casos.
AVANÇO E RADICALIZAÇÃO DE PROJETOS HOMOTRANSFÓBICOS NO CONGRESSO NACIONAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Nunes Lages Vitor
Published: March 2024

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de pesquisa que revelou dados da histórica omissão do Congresso Nacional ao nãoregulamentar direitos constitucionais de pessoas LGBTI. Dos 355 projetos propostos sobre o tema de 1988 a abril de 2023, verificou-se que, ao contrário da devida proteção, a partir de 2015, as propostas contra LGBTI aumentaram e se radicalizaram, especialmente aquelas contra a educação de crianças e adolescentes, que deveriam gozar de proteção especial (art. 227, Constituição). Diante disso, para entender os objetivos e fundamentos dessa radicalização, neste artigo, optou-se por uma análise dos discursos dos quatro projetos (inclusos seus substitutivos, pareceres e votos) com tramitação mais avançada sobre este subtema – as normas de identidade de gênero e orientação sexual no contexto da educação, familiar ou escolar – , sob a perspectiva dos estudos queer e do direito constitucional (PLs 674/2007, 2285/2007, 4508/2008 e 6583/2013). Percebe-se que os projetos e, especialmente, seus substitutivos, pretendem avançar o controle religioso das políticas educacionais do Estado, que deveria ser laico (arts. 5º, IV e 19, I, Constituição), e, reforçar a educação cis-hétero-terrorista (Bento, 2011), com a regulamentação de antigas e novas formas de violências contra crianças e adolescentes. Como justificativa, utilizam discursos religiosos, naturistas, jurídicos e ideológicos de gênero que, reiteradamente, apelam a ofensas e intimidações às pessoas do grupo e incitam o pânico moral, o ódio e a violência no lar e na escola.
DANÇA, CAPOEIRA E INTERSECCIONALIDADE
Authors: Marani Vitor Hugo , Lima de França Ábia
Published: March 2024

A pesquisa buscou refletir acerca de experiências autoetnográficas em dança e capoeira, a fim de explicitar desafios político-pedagógicos do pensamento interseccional nessas manifestações corporais. A partir da abordagem autoetnográfica, rememoramos a nossa implicação com a dança, no primeiro tópico, com a capoeira, no segundo tópico, e realizamos um exercício autorreflexivo interseccional das nossas experiências na dança e capoeira, atravessadas pelas categorias contextuais, políticas e pedagógicas dos Estudos Culturais Físicos (ECF). Por fim, compreendemos que a interseccionalidade é um instrumento analítico importante para auxiliar na análise das experiências de dançarinos/as e capoeiristas à luz das categorias políticas, pedagógicas e contextuais dos ECF. Nossos relatos reflexivos, atentos às complexidades das experiências corporais e identitárias, buscaram problematizar as estruturas de poder no interior da cultura física, especificamente, na/da dança e capoeira.
CORPO-TERRITÓRIO, GÊNERO E DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Shasta Rodrigues de Oliveira Layla Gabriele , Pitombo Cidreira Renata
Published: March 2024

Este estudo analisa postagens da campanha digital #ÉCapacitismoQuando (2016/2018), explorando a interseção entre corpo, território e deficiência, especialmente para mulheres. Utilizando uma abordagem dos Estudos Culturais, contextualiza radicalmente as publicações (GROSSBERG, 2020, 2018). O trabalho também emprega o conceito de corpo-território (HAESBAERT, 2021), examinando como o corpo reflete histórias e experiências que moldam a corporeidade. Como conclusão, destaca-se que a relação entre corpo e território se expressa na memória, afetos, temporalidades e geopolítica dos corpos sensíveis (SILVA, 2020), influenciados pela luta contra o capacitismo.
Análisis espacial y temporal de incendios forestales en el Ecuador utilizando datos de sensores remotos
Authors: Cisneros Vaca César , Calahorrano Julia , Manzano Mery
Published: March 2024

Este estudio investigó la distribución espacial y temporal de incendios forestales en Ecuador para el período 2001-2020. Se utilizaron imágenes satelitales MODIS (producto MCD64A1v 6.0) para analizar a escala nacional las áreas de quema. Esta información se combinó con mapas de regiones geográficas, áreas protegidas y tipos de cobertura vegetal para obtener estadísticas históricas del período estudiado.  Los resultados muestran que a) hay una superficie total quemada acumulada de 7297.5 km2, i.e., el 2.9 % del territorio (el Litoral fue la región más afectada); (b) la mayor área de quema corresponde a tierras agropecuarias, con 440 772 ha; (c) a partir del 2010, se detectaron valores elevados de quema en las regiones Litoral y Andes, donde el 2016 es el año de mayor incidencia; y (d) en áreas protegidas se tiene el 4.9 % del total de áreas quemadas identificadas. Estos hallazgos proporcionan información que contribuye a la construcción de políticas públicas de manejo integral del fuego en el Ecuador.
Diagramas de manejo de densidad para Pinus cooperi var. ornelasi (Martínez) Blanco en Durango, México
Authors: Vargas Larreta Benedicto , Flores-Salas Roberto , Tuero-Campagne Oscar Josué , Graciano-Ávila Gabriel , Aguirre-Calderón Cristóbal Gerardo , Cruz-Cobos Francisco
Published: March 2024

Se desarrollaron diagramas de manejo de densidad (DMD) con datos de 218 sitios permanentes establecidos en rodales puros de Pinus cooperi en Durango, México. Los DMD se basan en el índice de espaciamiento relativo y en tres ecuaciones no lineales que incluyen variables de rodal. La primera relaciona el diámetro cuadrático con la densidad y la altura dominante; la segunda estima el volumen con la biomasa aérea, el diámetro cuadrático y la altura dominante; y la tercera estima la biomasa a partir del diámetro cuadrático, la altura dominante y la densidad. La densidad máxima se estimó mediante regresión cuantílica ajustando la relación densidad-altura dominante. Las ecuaciones explicaron el 92 % (biomasa) y el 99 % (volumen) de la varianza observada en los datos. Los DMD fueron aplicados en la cuantificación y proyección del volumen y la biomasa en rodales de la especie, como apoyo en la toma de decisiones multiobjetivo.
KÜRESELLEŞMENİN SANATSAL PRATİKLER ÜZERİNDEKİ PRAGMATİST ETKİSİNE YÖNELİK BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: BASTABAN Ünal
Published: March 2024

İnsan doğası gereği üreten ve ürettiğini görmek/göstermek isteyen bir varlıktır. Bu nedenle yaşam dinamiklerine bağlı olarak ürettikleri eser ya da objelerde estetik olma durumunu da göz önünde bulundurmaktadır. Tarihin ilk dönemlerinden günümüze, mağara resimlerinden yapay zeka çizimlerine kadar bu durum ortaya çıkan eserlerde görülebilmektedir. Yüzyılların değişim ve dönüşümü bu estetizmi kontrolünde tutma, kendi istekleri doğrultusunda şekillendirme ve elde etmeye çalışma durumlarını da doğurmuştur.
İletişim ve teknolojik gelişmelerde meydana gelen değişimler ve bu dolayda ortaya çıkan sermayeler, toplumu ilgilendiren bütün alanları etkilediği gibi sanat alanında da farklı etkileşimleri ortaya çıkarmıştır. Sanat, duyarlılık bakımından etkilenmeye ve etkilemeye açık olan alanların başında gelmektedir. Çağının özelliklerini bir tarihi belge niteliğinde ya da öncü tavırlarla ortaya koymaktadır. Fakat son yüzyıllarda sanatın özgün tavırlarında kırılmalar meydana gelmiştir. Özellikle sermaye sahiplerinin ya da küresel şirketlerin sanata bakışı bu durumu daha da belirgin hale getirmiştir. Faydacılık üzerine kurgulanan gelişmeler, sanatı kendi öz devinimi içerisinde farklı bir konuma oturtmuştur. Modernden postmodern süreçlere geçişte pazarlama ve sermaye ilişkisi bağlamında sanatın varlık sebebi sorgulanmıştır. Sanatın para yönlü değişimleri ve sanat merkezlerinin beklenmedik mekanlara taşınması sanat adına kaygılar oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle insanlarda ve topluluklarda köklü değişim ve düşünme süreçlerine etki edebilen sanatın pazarlama ile ilişkisini takibe almak gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmada da etkililiği giderek artan küreselleşmenin sanat ile olan pragmatist etkileşimi bu bağlamda ele alınmıştır. Bu süreçte sanatsal pratiklerin para ile etkileşimi olumsuz bir perspektif ile irdelenmiştir.
Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum deseni kullanılmıştır. Veri toplamaya yönelik doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler anahtar kelimelerle ilişkisi bakımından gözden geçirilerek doküman analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, küreselleşme ve sanatın pragmatist etkileşimini gözden geçirme üzerine bir değerlendirme ve analiz oluşturma amacı taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle bu araştırma literatüre katkısı bakımından önemli görülmektedir.
Küreselleşme ve sanatın pragmatist etkileşimini uygulamalı olarak ele almak adına, sanatçıların eserlerine online iletişim ortamları üzerinden müşteri olunarak manipülasyon/ahlaki temeller üzerinden bir araştırmanın tasarlanması öneri olarak sunulmaktadır.
Factores del sistema tributario argentino: ¿incentivo o desincentivo a la informalidad empresarial? Percepción de los comerciantes y contadores públicos
Authors: Pedroni Florencia
Published: March 2024

El trabajo tiene por objetivo describir cómo influyen los factores del sistema tributario y las características de la organización en la informalidad empresarial en Argentina. Metodológicamente, se desarrolla una investigación cualitativa-descriptiva con datos primarios recolectados mediante entrevistas a empresarios y contadores públicos de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Se efectúa un análisis de contenido cualitativo, empleando codificación basada en teoría. Según los resultados, la onerosidad tributaria; el diseño y aplicación de los controles fiscales; las consecuencias del incumplimiento; y la administración y destino de los recursos fiscales son factores del sistema tributario influyentes en la informalidad empresarial; mientras que el tamaño, la tipología tributaria, el sector, el tipo cliente, el domicilio fiscal y la ubicación, y el medio de pago son características de la organización y de la operación con influencia en el fenómeno. Asimismo, la interacción entre los factores desalienta el cumplimiento fiscal. Los hallazgos contribuyen con la formulación de políticas públicas para reducir la informalidad.
Solingen, 30 Jahre nach dem Brandanschlag. Erinnern als rassismuskritische Praxis
Authors: Gür-Şeker Derya , Demirtaş Birgül , Kahveci Çağrı , Schmitz Adelheid
Published: March 2024

Der Beitrag zeigt und untersucht Erinnerungspraktiken in Gesellschaft, Presse und Social Media im Kontext des rassistischen und extrem rechten Brandanschlags in Solingen im Jahr 1993. Zunächst wird der Brandanschlag in historische und gesellschaftspolitische Kontexte eingeordnet, um dann Einblick zu gewähren in lokales Erinnern und die bis heute andauernden Kämpfe für die Aufrechterhaltung der Erinnerung an die fünf Opfer. Dann geht es um die mediale Repräsentation von Erinnerungspraktiken. Zunächst werden Medientexte mit Fokus auf das Erinnern und Gedenken in der Presseberichterstattung untersucht. Die sich anschließende Hashtaganalyse auf Instagram arbeitet dominierende Hashtags und Posts im Zeitverlauf punktuell heraus. Sichtbar wird, dass das Erinnern an den Solinger Brandanschlag mittlerweile auch in digitalen Räumen stattfindet.
Evaluation of copeptin in children after stimulation with clonidine or L-Dopa
Authors: Giannakopoulos Aristeidis , Kritikou Dimitra , Chrysis Dionisios
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Arginine-stimulated serum copeptin has been proposed as a new method to diagnose arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency in children and adolescents. Herein we investigated the secretagogic potential of clonidine or L-Dopa on the copeptin serum levels in children.

Methods

Eight stimulation tests (4 with clonidine and 4 with L-Dopa) were performed in eight children (5 boys and 3 girls) with a median age of 6.5 years-old, evaluated for short stature due to possible growth hormone deficiency. Serum copeptin levels were measured at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after administration of clonidine or L-Dopa.

Results

Copeptin levels in serum did not show any significant change in either test (clonidine or L-Dopa). The values of copeptin levels compared to the baseline value did not deviate more than 5 % in the clonidine arm (p=0.60) or 8 % in the L-Dopa arm (p=0.75) respectively.

Conclusions

Data do not support the use of L-Dopa or clonidine as stimulants for evaluating AVP relating disorders in clinical pediatric practice.
Sociolinguistic auto-coding has fairness problems too: measuring and mitigating bias
Authors: Villarreal Dan
Published: March 2024

Sociolinguistics researchers can use sociolinguistic auto-coding (SLAC) to predict humans’ hand-codes of sociolinguistic data. While auto-coding promises opportunities for greater efficiency, like other computational methods there are inherent concerns about this method’s fairness – whether it generates equally valid predictions for different speaker groups. Unfairness would be problematic for sociolinguistic work given the central importance of correlating speaker groups to differences in variable usage. The current study examines SLAC fairness through the lens of gender fairness in auto-coding Southland New Zealand English non-prevocalic /r/. First, given that there are multiple, mutually incompatible definitions of machine learning fairness, I argue that fairness for SLAC is best captured by two definitions (overall accuracy equality and class accuracy equality) corresponding to three fairness metrics. Second, I empirically assess the extent to which SLAC is prone to unfairness; I find that a specific auto-coder described in previous literature performed poorly on all three fairness metrics. Third, to remedy these imbalances, I tested unfairness mitigation strategies on the same data; I find several strategies that reduced unfairness to virtually zero. I close by discussing what SLAC fairness means not just for auto-coding, but more broadly for how we conceptualize variation as an object of study.
“All women are like that”: an overview of linguistic deindividualization and dehumanization of women in the incelosphere
Authors: Prażmo Ewelina
Published: March 2024

This article provides an overview of linguistic strategies used in the incel community to deindividualize and dehumanize women. Among the most common ways of referring to women there is the use of generic labels (Stacy, Becky), conceptual metaphor (warpig, landwhale) including creative metaphorical morphology (foid, femoid), conceptual metonymy (hole, extrahole), and conceptual metaphtonymy (roastie). The consistent use of such terms within the incelosphere contributes to perpetuating harmful attitudes and potentially even justifying violent and abusive conduct towards women. For this reason, the language of dehumanization in general, and the misogynist discourse of incels in particular, warrants closer attention. This study is carried out within the methodological framework of cognitive semantics and adds to the expanding research on the discourse of the manosphere and the incelosphere.
Two past forms inducing conjectural or non-intrusive questions
Authors: Kaneko Makoto
Published: March 2024

This study argues that conjectural or non-intrusive questions are not only conveyed by future forms, as often discussed, but may be induced, combined with contextual factors, by past forms. Conjectural and non-intrusive questions are, respectively, uttered when the addressee is assumed as ignoring the answer and when she isn’t forced to answer. What is claimed to be conjectural or non-intrusive includes i) polite questions involving the French market imperfective past and its Japanese counterpart; ii) recall questions involving an evidential past in some languages. In the former case, the market past is claimed as referring to a moment when the shopkeeper made a conjecture about the customer’s need based on her observation: the politeness comes from highlighting, by using the past tense, the existence of this conjecture for the sake of the customer. In the latter, the evidential past is analyzed as referring to a moment when the speaker obtained the relevant information from others. The proposed hypotheses are supported by the fact that the two questions are incompatible with expressions forcing the addressee’s answer, and by the fact that the past form is combined with some conjectural expression obligatorily in both cases in Japanese and optionally in German recall questions.
The grammaticalization and grammatical meaning of a ‘do’ support verb in the northern Italian Camuno dialect
Authors: Swinburne Nicola
Published: March 2024

This paper provides a case study of the grammaticalization of ‘do’ as a support verb in the northern Italian dialect of Camuno. It demonstrates the relative compatibility of fa ‘do’ with different semantic types of supported verbs through the results of an elicitation experiment. A comparison of results from adjacent dialects reveals a series of progressively more grammaticalized forms with three stages: ‘pragmatic’ ‘do’-support, largely restricted to agentive-subject, activity verbs, where question type depends mainly on the pragmatics; ‘agentive’ ‘do’-support, where use with that core group of verbs is largely categorial, and there is more use with theme-subject, change-of-state verbs and a few experiencer-subject, stative verbs; and ‘generalized’ ‘do’-support where optionality remains only with the most resistant stative verbs. Along with loss of lexical content in ‘do’, comes a reduction in salience of the special question meaning. Furthermore, a question with lexical fa ‘do’ (in an optional FS dialect) implies physical evidence exists to determine the truth of a proposition. In a question with bleached fa ‘do’ (in an obligatory FS dialect) the connection to reality has been lost leaving only the implication, and fa ‘do’ has then become an epistemic modal.
Bodily boundaries transgressed: corporal alteration through ornamentation in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic at Boncuklu Tarla, Türkiye
Authors: Kodaş Ergül , Baysal Emma L , Özkan Kazım
Published: March 2024

Lack of contextual evidence for the use of small personal ornaments means that much of our understanding of ornamentation traditions within archaeological cultures is reconstructed from ethnographic comparisons. New in situ finds from the areas around the ears and mouth in burials at Boncuklu Tarla, a Neolithic settlement in Türkiye, add a novel dimension to the interpretation of stone ‘tokens’ or ‘plugs’. This article presents a new typology for these artefacts and argues for their use as ear ornaments or labrets in a practice involving significant and lasting corporal alteration.
ENCONTRO DE GERAÇÕES NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO: A PERCEPÇÃO DE COLABORADORES DA GERAÇÃO Z SOBRE O PAPEL DOS LÍDERES NA RESOLUÇÃO DOS CONFLITOS GERACIONAIS
Authors: Rodrigues dos Santos Caio Alexandre , Pereira Luiza Prado , Alves Carmelita Seno Cardeira , Ando Esther Yokimi Santos
Published: March 2024

A chegada recente de indivíduos da geração Z ao mercado de trabalho contribui para a formação de um ambiente multigeracional, assim como desperta desafios no papel dos líderes. Isto porque a convivência entre profissionais de diferentes gerações caracteriza-se pelo aumento dos conflitos, os quais, quando não são bem gerenciados, provocam efeitos negativos no desempenho da equipe. Diante desse contexto, o estudo tem como objetivo investigar as percepções de profissionais da geração Z com relação ao ambiente profissional que encontram e à atitude de seus líderes. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa via questionário com colaboradores pertencentes à geração Z de uma empresa de tecnologia da informação. Foram abordados pelos participantes a regularidade da ocorrência de conflitos geracionais na organização, as gerações mais frequentemente envolvidas, os principais fatores fomentadores, os impactos de sua ocorrência no trabalho, o tipo de liderança adotado e seu efeito na gestão dos conflitos, e as ações implementadas pela liderança visando um gerenciamento eficaz. Como resultado, verificou-se que já vem ocorrendo um progresso na atitude dos líderes frente ao desafio da diversidade geracional. Percebe-se que a liderança atual entende a importância de sua atuação e vem adotando um posicionamento ativo para transformar o choque negativo decorrente do convívio de gerações em um aspecto funcional e positivo, isto é, em um encontro de ideias e soluções. Como contribuição ao comportamento adotado pelos líderes atuais, os jovens da geração Z destacam ainda as melhores práticas que, segundo eles, auxiliam para a formação de um ambiente saudável e que, se implementadas, podem impulsionar a transformação do âmbito organizacional.
GESTÃO DA MANUTENÇÃO FOCADA NA CONFIABILIDADE ATRAVÉS DA METODOLOGIA RELIABILITY-CENTERED MAINTENANCE (RCM)
Authors: Bentes Flavio Maldonado , De Souza Iuri Dos Santos , Serpa e Souza Rogernike
Published: March 2024

Organizações que buscam serem competitivas no mercado precisam ofertar produtos de excelência aos consumidores, que são cada vez mais exigentes, requerendo assim, o emprego de tecnologias cada vez mais avançadas. Assim, por meio da utilização de tecnologias voltadas ao processo de manutenção, a excelência vai sendo obtida e, conforme o nível de confiabilidade apresentado pelos equipamentos, característica que pode ser gerada através da RCM, vai sendo reduzida a quantidade de manutenções corretivas. Tal redução é benéfica, uma vez que esse tipo de manutenção tende a desencadear atrasos na produção e o aumento dos custos. Todos os aspectos mencionados justificam esse estudo, para que seja evidenciada a importância e os benefícios do uso da RCM nas organizações. Foram consultadas fontes confiáveis, bem como outros trabalhos acadêmicos e livros que formassem a base para a etapa prática. Já a parte prática consistiu em um estudo de caso, no qual foram coletadas informações relativas a um desbobinador de alumínio instalado em uma empresa que realiza laminação para produção de embalagens acartonadas. Tal equipamento apresentava grande recorrência de falhas em um de seus subsistemas, o qual era destinado ao controle das tensões. As conclusões demonstraram que se adequadamente planejado e implementado, o programa de RCM possui capacidade de gerar ganhos perceptíveis para a empresa, reduzindo drasticamente as falhas.
A New Alternatives Agenda for the U.S. Sentencing Commission?
Authors: Berman Douglas A.
Published: March 2024

The topic of alternatives to incarceration often seems at once forgotten and yet ever-present in the federal sentencing system. U.S. Sentencing Commission data indicate nine out of every ten federal sentences include terms of imprisonment, and yet the offenses and offenders in the federal system ought to permit great use of alternatives. This issue of FSR seeks to bring new attention to these topics, largely though the materials emerging from the Center for Justice and Human Dignity’s October 2023 “Rewriting the Sentence II Summit.” This event at George Washington University aspired to highlight how the full array of practitioners — judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys and other sentencing system actors — could make meaningful commitments to alternative to incarceration practices. This introductory essay provides context and framing for the materials that follow.
Keynote Speech at Rewriting the Sentence II Summit
Authors: Peters Colette
Published: March 2024

Federal Bureau of Prisons Director Colette Peters spoke at the Rewriting the Sentence II Summit on October 17, 2023. Transcribed remarks include the Bureau of Prisons’ alignment with the criminal legal reform community in thinking differently about the experience of incarceration for individuals in custody and opportunities for reform that support positive and rehabilitative outcomes.
Retroactive Guidelines Amendments Must Apply to Individuals Who Receive Below-Guidelines Sentences to Protect the Individualized Sentencing Required by Federal Sentencing Statutes
Authors: Sady Stephen R.
Published: March 2024

Retroactive amendments to the federal sentencing guidelines, such as Amendment 821 to the calculation of criminal history, confer discretion on judges to reduce sentences when the Sentencing Commission determines that a guideline is overly harsh. The statute on retroactive amendments, 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2), authorizes modification of sentences “based on” the pre-amendment guidelines range. From the time of the initial Commission until 2011, all defendants whose guidelines range calculations included the amended guideline were eligible for a comparably lower sentence, regardless of whether the sentence was below-, within-, or over the guidelines range, under U.S.S.G. § 1B1.10. But in response to Booker, the Commission amended the policy statement in 2011 to bar from eligibility persons who received below-guidelines sentences, whether by downward variance or departure.

This change reflected the earlier Commission’s hostility to Booker variances under the advisory guidelines and conflicts with subsequent Supreme Court authority holding that downward variances are “based on” the guidelines range within the meaning of § 3582(c)(2). By disqualifying those who had grounds for below-guidelines sentences, the Commission fails to follow statutory directives regarding individualized sentencing and avoidance of unwarranted disparities. The exclusion of persons who established that downward departure or variance was warranted under the overly harsh pre-amendment guidelines is irrational and unfair, apparently based on an anachronistic attachment to the mandatory guidelines. The Commission should amend its policy statement without delay to recognize eligibility for all defendants whose sentences are “based on” the guidelines range within the broad meaning of the statute.
Hierarchical Energy Harvesting Aware Adaptive Fuzzy Routing with Data Compression for Energy Harvesting WSN
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Ashikali A.
Published: March 2024

In present scenario of the world moving towards the smart systems. Smart systems and applications are developed using sensor nodes for data collection, data aggregation and decision making process. Wireless sensor nodes are configured in the physical environment for communications between the devices and the user. The number of limitations affecting the performance of wireless sensor based application. The various factors affecting the performance of the WSN based applications, one the major factor is energy efficiency of the sensors. Sensor nodes are battery powered devices and the sensors are dropping their energy during the transmissions. So we need a solution to overcome the energy efficiency issue of WSN based applications. In this paper, we proposed a methodology called Hierarchical energy harvesting adaptive fuzzy routing algorithm with uniform data quality compression to manage the energy efficiency of the sensor nodes. It uses a new energy management framework and allocating the energy budget to sensors and reduces the consumption of each node. The existing energy harvesting approaches only concentrate on find the best path and forward the data to base station. The performance evaluation shows the effective use of proposed method in WSN based applications.
Tecnología Multitouch, presente y futuro
Authors: Yañez Duran Carlos , Castro León Gloria , Perez Quintanilla Jose
Published: March 2024

During last the 1O years, the technology multitouch has evolved quickly and it has been executed in a multitude of devices, programs of software and hardware. The next years, the technology that still more will be used and soon will partly turn of the life of !he people day to day that allows them to interact easily with a computer screen or device that uses the fingers solely
Realidad mixta aplicadas a entornos educativos
Authors: Mendoza Canales Aurón Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Information related to the research topic was collected, through a review of literature on mixed reality, to strengthen the educational sector. The goal is to identify potential research problems that have not yet been investigated. It focused on a qualitative approach, had an exploratory and descriptive design, articles related to the topic were selected for subsequent analysis and explanation, indexed data repositories such as Dialnet, Scopus, SciELO and the UNAM university repository were entered, to filter the keywords and compile the results for this research, the keywords were filtered and 15 articles were compiled, of which eleven have a qualitative approach, two quantitative and two mixed, they were grouped by country of origin, and then interpreted and extrapolate the results, analyze their implications and limitations, and compare the results, the perspective of other authors of the articles was considered. It also identified potential research problems, and problems that have not yet been investigated. Finally, the critical assessment of the information was carried out and the steps to follow were mentioned since information is very important in education, there is an opportunity in the educational sector. It is expected that this project will serve as support for future research.
Modelo de Red Neuronal Convolucional para la Detección de Carcinoma Basocelular
Authors: Zafra Moran Rolando Jesus , López Loaiza Edgar Fernando , Tumi Alarcón Nicole Gabriela , Lezama Gonzales Pedro Martin
Published: March 2024

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of all cases. Early and accurate detection of BCC is essential for effective treatment and prevention of serious complications. In this work, a CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) model is presented for the detection and classification of Basal Cell Carcinoma from dermoscopic cases. To create the proposed model, the HAM10000 dataset was used, which includes a set of images of dermatological lesions. Extensive experiments were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the model, as well as a comparison with the GRU and LSTM models. The results obtained indicate an accuracy of 93.5%, demonstrating that the proposed model has the ability to effectively identify and differentiate benign and malignant basal cell carcinoma lesions.
Las tecnologías en la tele-atención de servicios primarios de salud: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Fernández Reto Ricardo
Published: March 2024

In this RSL on the use of technologies for the care of primary health services, it is necessary to identify the main technological solutions that are currently used to provide remote service, for which the literature is searched in the Isis databases. Web of Science and the IEEE, 3 research questions are raised about what would be the technologies and/or medical devices to perform health care remotely, as well as identifying whether these solutions manage to reduce the geographical gap between the patient and the Ipress and what were the challenges and opportunities to implement this technology. To answer these questions, 91 primary articles related to the topic of telemedicine for primary health care were analyzed, which only 77.63% of the solutions proposed in the investigations use only a webcam or no type of device as a tool for the medical professional make the diagnosis of the patient, and only 22.37% included medical devices to perform the measurements of the vital signs of the patients during the consultations. We conclude that it is opportune and necessary that these solutions must have a cabin-type solution, which includes the necessary medical instruments in order to not only provide comfort and adequate diagnosis, but also improve current remote care services.