bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEDAULATAN ASURANSI BAGI MASYARAKAT PESISIR KEPULAUAN RIAU DALAM RANGKA PERALIHAN RESIKO PERAHU BUATAN MASYARAKAT TANJUNGPINANG DITINJAU DARI PERATURAN PERUNDANGAN PERASURANSIAN
Authors: Kurniawan Wisnu
Published: March 2019

Kepulauan Riau merupakan wilayah yang memiliki tipologi wilayah perairan dan daratan. Hampir 96%wilayahnya adalah perairan. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa wilayah Kepulauan Riau merupakan wilayahpesisir. Mayoritas matapencaharian masyarakat pesisir adalah mengandalkan wilayah perairan. Salah satumatapencaharian tersebut adalah produksi kapal perahu (pompong) yang digunakan sebagai alat transportasidan sebagai alat untuk mencari ikan. Kapal Pompong merupakan kapal yang masih tradisional dalam bentukdan pembuatannya. Masyarakat produsen kapal tersebut dalam memproduksi perahu pompongmengandalkan kebiasaan dan ilmu pembuatan secara turun temurun. Hal ini membuat perahu pompong perludilindungi dengan asuransi sebagai pengalihan resiko. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakanpendekatan normatif, yaitu pendekatan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder khususnyasumber hukum primer melalui ketentuan peraturan perundangan, sumber hukum sekunder dalam bentukpendapat para ahli dan tinjauan lapangan guna menganalisa data empiris dari masyarakat terkait.Permohonan asuransi pada dasarnya membutuhkan kelengkapan dokumen sebagai kepastian legalitas dankepastian itikad baik dalam perjanjian dibidang asuransi. Kelengkapan dokumen tersebut merupakan syaratutama dalam memenuhi perjanjian dalam bidang asuransi. Kapal pompong buatan masyarakat pesisir diKepulauan Riau sejatinya dapat melakukan perjanjian terkait hal tersebut di atas, namun perlu mememnuhikelengkapan dokumen persyaratan. Dalam hal ini dibutuhkan peran serta pemerintah dalam memberikankemudahan bagi pengurusan ijin atas perahu pompong milik masyarakat Kepulauan Riau, agar kearifan lokalyang dimiliki masyarakat dapat terjaga dan masyarakat pemilik memiliki kepastian perlindungan sertakepastian hukum kepemilikan Kapal Pompong
EFEKTIVITAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 15 TAHUN 2001 TENTANG MEREK TERHADAP DAFTAR MEREK USAHA DAGANG INDUSTRI KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Padrisan Jamba Ukas, Irene Svinarky,
Published: March 2019

Peranan merek menjadi sangat penting terutama dalam menjaga persainganusaha yang sehat. Merek sangat penting untuk membedakan suatu produkdari porduk yang sama lainnya. Agar ada kepastian hukum tentang merek,maka merek tersebut harus didaftarkan. Kota Batam sebagai pusat bisnis danindustri menghasilkan berbagai produk baik barang maupun jasa. Produkproduktersebut agar dikenal orang membutuhkan merek sebagai pembedadari produk lain yang sejenis dan agar ada kepastian hukum dan kepastianhak harus didaftarakan. Penelitian ini untuk melihat Efektifitas Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2001 tentang Merek, dalam pendaftaran merekproduk bagi usaha kecil dan menengah. Adapun metode penelitian yangdigunakan adalah penelitian empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatanyuridis sosiologis, yaitu memanfaatkan teori yang ada dan mengkaitkandengan hasil penelitian di lapangan. Untuk analisa datanya Tim Penelitimenggunakan analisa data kualitatif. Menurut hasil penelitian dapat diketahuibahwa, masih kurangnya/kesadaran masyarakat memahami pentingpendaftaran merek, mereka tidak memahami manfaat pendaftaran merek.Masyarakat cenderung membuat usaha dengan tidak mendaftarkan merekusahanya, dengan alasan biaya yang sangat mahal padahal penjualan tidakseberapa dan banyak lagi alasan lainnya, sehingga aturan yang adapunkurang efektif di dalam prakteknya.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP INFORMASI IKLAN YANG MENYESATKAN
Authors: Padrisan Jamba Rizki Tri Anugrah Bhakti,
Published: March 2019

Periklanan sebagai salah satu sarana pemasaran dan sarana peneranganmemegang peranan penting di dalam pembangunan. Agar produkyang ditawarkan oleh pelaku usaha memiliki nilai jual yang tinggiterkadang pelaku usaha menghalalkan segala cara. Salah satunya denganmelalui iklan yang memuat janji yang muluk-muluk mengenai kegunaan danmanfaat produk yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan konsumen. Perlunyaperaturan yang mengatur perlindungan konsumen karena lemahnya posisikonsumen dibandingkan posisi pelaku usaha, karena mengenai proses sampaihasil produksi barang atau jasa yang telah dihasilkan campur tangankonsumen sedikitpun. Mengenai periklanan belum ada peraturan yangmengatur secara khusus, tetapi masalah iklan terdapat dalam beberapa pasaldi Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.Sumber utama penelitian ini adalah data yang sudah tersedia dalam bentukketentuan-ketentuan hukum yang sudah pernah ditulis, yang kemudianakan dikaji menurut ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku,sebagaimana pendekatan yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yaitudilakukan dengan cara menelaah dan menginterpretasikan hal-hal yangbersifat teoritis yang menyangkut asas, konsepsi, doktrin dan normahukum yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan konsumen dan perjanjian.Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kualitatif.Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditarik kesimpulan secara dedukatif, yaitu caraberpikir yang didasarkan pada fakta-fakta yang bersifat umum untukkemudian ditarik suatu kesimpulan bersifat khusus
Pembinaan Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah Menggunakan Google My Business
Authors: UPB JPKM
Published: March 2019

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are growing rapidly in recent years. This activity is a government effort to improve the economy of its people. This is not wasted by the community, especially those in the city of Batam. Many home-based businesses have emerged that are varied and do not miss using existing technology. One of them is using Facebook and Instagram applications. On Facebook, there are many online buying and selling forums. On Instagram it is the same. Many accounts post merchandise with photo or video media. But there are also other types of applications that can be utilized, namely Google My Business. This application is a feature developed by Google to move business towards the world of digital technology and digital markets. On Google My Business, all of these things already exist, one package all when we have registered with the application. However, the use of this application made by Google is not well known by the public, especially in MSMEs. Therefore proper coaching needs to be done so that the use of this google application can be utilized to the maximum extent possible and of course also brings more benefits as well.
PEMBINAAN PERENCANAAN PEMASARAN PRODUK BAGI ANGGOTA PKK ASOKA DIKOTA BATAM
Authors: Raymond Raymond
Published: March 2019

The object to be fostered in this service is the Asoka PKK group located in Tanjung Piayu, a sustainable blue spur housing complex, 1 RW 05, Batam City. In community service this time will be carried out coaching in understanding and making business marketing planning, the method used in community service this time is the first Team Lecturer to give lectures and presentation on business marketing planning theory, both Participants will be given guidance in making business marketing planning, third Participants will be given the opportunity to discuss the problems faced in making a business marketing plan. with the community service program this time contributing in the form of participants able to be skilled in planning business marketing
Internet and Multimedia Training For Young Generations
Authors: Kurniawan Iwan , Chandra Yudhi
Published: March 2019

businesses, but now it can be said that the internet has become one of the mandatory things for various groups, especially the majority of young people. Technological advances are the answer to the progress of globalization that is increasingly enveloping the world. A progress that will certainly have an impact on the civilization of the student's life. The large number of students who also act as users of information and communication technology, proves that their lives are never separated from the role of information technology. The ease of accessing the internet, such as the many scattered internet cafes, schools that began to provide facilities and provide lessons on the internet.

But this is not balanced with knowledge about the use and use of the internet that is good for some groups. There is a possibility that there is an abuse of the internet for things that are harmful. The target of the implementation of this service activity is the youth group of kelurahan Kelapa Dua, Tangerang. The target of this training is to get an overview of the use of information technology in this case the internet as a form of activity and work tools in various fields, acquiring skills regarding internet use that can be used as information and entertainment media, and finally, make young people more creative and innovative and applying knowledge that is owned to the community. The output of this activity is to increase knowledge and skills for the younger generation in using and using the internet well. Also the younger generation is able to optimize the use of the internet in existing resource development activities.
PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI VIRTUAL LEARNING BERBASIS ANDROID DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Rosiska Evan
Published: March 2019

The development of science and technology is currently developing so rapidly, the number of the latest innovations in all areas, including education. The development of media-based learning, information and communication technologies such as e-learning or virtual learning which are capable of improving the quality of interactive learning because users are friendly, useful interface features are used quite comfortable for the user so that the user does not get bored, moreover technologies be accessible anywhere and anytime a user is currently learning system, which is still the conventional good already assessed where all the references in the form of books, student worksheets and other learning media must exist, it is certainly not all students get to have all the references, sometimes a certain disaat-saat user forget bring or had to borrow to the other so that it becomes the bottleneck in the process learning. However, the application of information and communication technology as a medium is required in supporting the learning process, the user can perform the work practice or learn the theories related to the learning process in schools is becoming more easy with the utilization of this technology. Using the method of accompaniment in implementing this activity, that accompany the activities from the beginning until the end of this activity, as well as the explanation of the memperikan benefit that can be obtained with the utilization of android-based applications and the expected able to give a positive impact to a better education.
Nondestructive Testing with 3MA—An Overview of Principles and Applications
Authors: Wolter Bernd , Gabi Yasmine , Conrad Christian
Published: March 2019

More than three decades ago, at Fraunhofer IZFP, research activities that were related to the application of micromagnetic methods for nondestructive testing (NDT) of the microstructure and the properties of ferrous materials commenced. Soon, it was observed that it is beneficial to combine the measuring information from several micromagnetic methods and measuring parameters. This was the birth of 3MA—the micromagnetic multi-parametric microstructure and stress analysis. Since then, 3MA has undergone a remarkable development. It has proven to be one of the most valuable testing techniques for the nondestructive characterization of metallic materials. Nowadays, 3MA is well accepted in industrial production and material research. Over the years, several equipment variants and a wide range of probe heads have been developed, ranging from magnetic microscopes with µm resolution up to large inspection systems for in-line strip steel inspection. 3MA is extremely versatile, as proved by a huge amount of reported applications, such as the quantitative determination of hardness, hardening depth, residual stress, and other material parameters. Today, specialized 3MA systems are available for manual or automated testing of various materials, semi-finished goods, and final products that are made of steel, cast iron, or other ferromagnetic materials. This paper will provide an overview of the historical development, the basic principles, and the main applications of 3MA.
Addition of Salt Ions before Spraying Improves Heat- and Cold-Induced Gel Properties of Soy Protein Isolate (SPI)
Authors: Zheng Li , Teng Fei , Wang Na , Zhang Xue-Na , Regenstein Joe M. , Liu Ji-Shan , Li Yang , Wang Zhong-Jiang
Published: March 2019

Spray drying is used in the food industry to convert liquids into dry powders. The effect of the addition of salt ions before spray drying to improve the heat- and cold-induced gel properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) was investigated. Certain concentrations of Na+ (0.005–0.01 M), Mg2+ (0.005 M), and Ca2+ (0.005 M) significantly increased the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, gumminess, resilience, and water holding capacity of the heat- and cold-induced gels. This effect arises predominantly due to the functional groups buried in the protein matrix that are partially exposed to improve the interactions between the protein molecules. The main interactions that promoted gel formation and maintained the three-dimensional structure of the heat- and cold-induced gels were hydrophobic and disulfide interactions. Analysis using scanning electron microscopy showed that the heat- and cold-induced gels were uniform, had smooth surfaces, and had smaller pores with added Na+ (0.01 M), Mg2+ (0.005 M), and Ca2+ (0.005 M). The results indicate that we might broaden the applications of SPI by simulating the industrial gel manufacturing process for products such as fish balls and chiba tofu. Overall, adding salt ions before spray drying could offer great potential for the development of SPI with enhanced functionality suitable for comminuted meat products.
Nonlinear Modeling and Flight Validation of a Small-Scale Compound Helicopter
Authors: Wu Meiliwen , Chen Ming
Published: March 2019

The compound configuration is a good option for helicopters to break through speed limitation and improve maneuverability. However, the compound configuration applied on the small-scale helicopter has not been investigated in detail. In this study, an 11-state nonlinear dynamics model of a small-scale compound helicopter was established with the help of first physical principles and linear modification method. The ducted fan, free-rotate wing and horizontal stabilizer were considered in the compound configurations. To validate the accuracy of the model, high-quality flight data were obtained in hover and forward flights from 15 m/s to 32 m/s. Results show that the overall responses of the developed nonlinear model matched the hover data. In forward flight, it was proved that the nonlinear model has high accuracy in agreement with trim results and time-domain simulations. The wing model works well below 27 m/s. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the elevator and aileron in high speed was also verified in the simulation of a coordinated turn.
Cucurbitacin D Reprograms Glucose Metabolic Network in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sikander Mohammed , Malik Shabnam , Chauhan Neeraj , Khan Parvez , Kumari Sonam , Kashyap Vivek Kumar , Khan Sheema , Ganju Aditya , Halaweish Fathi T. , Yallapu Murali M. , Jaggi Meena , Chauhan Subhash C.
Published: March 2019

Prostate cancer (PrCa) metastasis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity among men. Metastatic PrCa cells are typically adopted for aberrant glucose metabolism. Thus, chemophores that reprogram altered glucose metabolic machinery in cancer cells can be useful agent for the repression of PrCa metastasis. Herein, we report that cucurbitacin D (Cuc D) effectively inhibits glucose uptake and lactate production in metastatic PrCa cells via modulating glucose metabolism. This metabolic shift by Cuc D was correlated with decreased expression of GLUT1 by its direct binding as suggested by its proficient molecular docking (binding energy −8.5 kcal/mol). Cuc D treatment also altered the expression of key oncogenic proteins and miR-132 that are known to be involved in glucose metabolism. Cuc D (0.1 to 1 µM) treatment inhibited tumorigenic and metastatic potential of human PrCa cells via inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Cuc D treatment also showed inhibition of tumor growth in PrCa xenograft mouse model with concomitant decrease in the expression of GLUT1, PCNA and restoration of miR-132. These results suggest that Cuc D is a novel modulator of glucose metabolism and could be a promising therapeutic modality for the attenuation of PrCa metastasis.
The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase H1 PTPH1 Supports Proliferation of Keratinocytes and is a Target of the Human Papillomavirus Type 8 E6 Oncogene
Authors: Taute Stefanie , Böhnke Philipp , Sprissler Jasmin , Buchholz Stephanie , Hufbauer Martin , Akgül Baki , Steger Gertrud
Published: March 2019

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) replicate their DNA in the suprabasal layer of the infected mucosa or skin. In order to create a suitable environment for vegetative viral DNA replication HPV delay differentiation and sustain keratinocyte proliferation that can lead to hyperplasia. The mechanism underlying cell growth stimulation is not well characterized. Here, we show that the E6 oncoprotein of the βHPV type 8 (HPV8), which infects the cutaneous skin and is associated with skin cancer in Epidermodysplasia verruciformis patients and immunosuppressed organ transplant recipients, binds to the protein tyrosine phosphatase H1 (PTPH1), which resulted in increased protein expression and phosphatase activity of PTPH1. Suppression of PTPH1 in immortalized keratinocytes reduced cell proliferation as well as the level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Furthermore, we report that HPV8E6 expressing keratinocytes have increased level of active, GTP-bound Ras. This effect was independent of PTPH1. Therefore, HPV8E6-mediated targeting of PTPH1 might result in higher level of EGFR and enhanced keratinocyte proliferation. The HPV8E6-mediated stimulation of Ras may be an additional step to induce cell growth. Our results provide novel insights into the mechanism how βHPVE6 proteins support proliferation of infected keratinocytes, thus creating an environment with increased risk of development of skin cancer particularly upon UV-induced DNA mutations.
Electrochromic Properties of Lithium-Doped Tungsten Oxide Prepared by Electron Beam Evaporation
Authors: Chang Jui-Yang , Chen Ying-Chung , Wang Chih-Ming , Wang Wen-Nan , Wen Chih-Yu , Lin Jyun-Min
Published: March 2019

In this study, xLi2O-(1−x)WO3 powders were mixed with WO3 and Li2O and pressed into target pellets to fabricate electrochromic films on indium tin oxide (ITO) glasses prepared by electron beam evaporation under the parameters of room temperature, and thicknesses of about 530 nm. It was expected that the amount of charge stored in the electrochromic devices (ECDs) could be enhanced by using the doping method in the cathode materials. The experimental results show that as the composition of Li0.18W0.82O2.6 powder was formed, the optimal characteristics of ECD can be obtained. In which, as a voltage of 3.5 V was applied on ECD, a transmittance change (ΔT%) of 53.1%, an optical density (ΔOD) of 0.502, an intercalation charge (Q) of 12.9 mC/cm2 and a coloration efficiency (η) of 41.6 cm2/C at a wavelength of 550 nm can be achieved. These results demonstrate that Li2O doping in WO3 films could effectively improve the coloration and electrochromic properties of ECD devices.
Potential Health Risks of Chemicals in Car Colorant Products
Authors: Lee Daeyeop , Kim Joo-hyon , Hwang Moonyoung , Lim Hyunwoo , Seok Kwangseol
Published: March 2019

Public concern regarding the use of products with chemicals has increased in Korea, following reports indicating that hazardous chemicals in products, such as disinfectants, can cause fatal lung disease. Despite the widespread use of car colorant products, little is known regarding their potential health risks. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential health risks of substances that exist in car colorant products. Thirteen car colorant products were purchased from the Korean market and 15 commonly used chemicals were analyzed. Exposure and risk assessments were conducted in two assessment stages (screening and refined). The analysis showed that all of the examined products contained toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene. The maximum concentration of toluene was 52.5%, with a median concentration of 10.8%. Tier 1 (screening) assessment showed that four chemicals (toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and 2-butoxyethanol) may pose health risks, but tier 2 (refined) assessment showed that these chemicals do not pose any risk. However, these chemicals were present in all of the examined products, and government regulations did not control their concentrations in these products. Therefore, we suggest that levels of toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene in car colorant products should be regulated to protect public health.
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviours and Duration of Sleep as Factors Affecting the Well-Being of Young People against the Background of Environmental Moderators
Authors: Kleszczewska Dorota , Szkutnik Agnieszka Małkowska , Siedlecka Jadwiga , Mazur Joanna
Published: March 2019

Mental health problems during adolescence are becoming increasingly frequent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the total impact of selected behavioural and environmental factors on the variability of mental well-being indexes of young people aged 15 to 17 years. The survey, conducted as part of the last round of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2017/18 study, covered 3693 secondary school students in Poland at the average age of 16.53 years (SD = 1.09). Dependent variables: depression (CES-DC), stress (Cohen scale), satisfaction with life (Cantril’s Ladder), and self-efficacy in social relations (Smith and Betz scale). Independent variables included: physical activity; sedentary behaviours; length of sleep; and perception of the environment in which the respondent was raised. The analyses were adjusted by gender, age, and occurrence of chronic disease. It was demonstrated that gender, duration of sleep, and perception of the surrounding environment proved to be significant predictors of all four mental health indicators. The protective influence of physical activity appeared to be a particular advantage in a less-supportive environment. The intervention programmes aimed at improving the mental well-being of young people should include promoting physical activity and sufficient sleep; furthermore, environmental moderators should be taken into consideration.
Comments on the Study “The Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of Warning Signs in Predicting Severe Dengue, the Severe Dengue Prevalence and Its Associated Factors”
Authors: Poletti-Jabbour Giordana , Elejalde-Farfán Natalia
Published: March 2019

Comments were made on the article “The Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of Warning Signs in Predicting Severe Dengue, the Severe Dengue Prevalence and Its Associated Factors” found in the journal “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” based on the CASP Checklist’s guide for the assessment of diagnostic tests.
Evaluating Primary Health Care Performance from User Perspective in China: Review of Survey Instruments and Implementation Issues
Authors: Wang Wenhua , Haggerty Jeannie , Loban Ekaterina (Katya) , Liu Xiaoyun
Published: March 2019

This review aims to summarize the progress of patient evaluation studies focusing on primary health care (PHC) in China, specifically in relation to survey instruments and implementation issues. Eligible studies published in English or Chinese were obtained through online searches of PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. A descriptive reporting approach was used due to variations in the measurements and administration methods between studies. A total of 471 articles were identified and of these articles; of those 91 full-text articles were included in the final analysis. Most studies used author-developed measurements with five-point Likert response scales and many used the Chinese translations of validated tools from other countries. Most instruments assessed the physical environment, medical equipment, clinical competency and convenience aspects of PHC using a satisfaction rating instead of care experience reporting. Many studies did not report the sampling approach, patient recruitment procedures and survey administration modes. The patient exit survey was the most commonly used survey implementation method. The focus on the structural dimensions of PHC, inconsistent wording, categories of response options that use satisfaction rating, and unclear survey implementation processes are common problems in patient evaluation studies of PHC in China. Further studies are necessary to identify population preferences of PHC in China in order to move towards developing Chinese value-based patient experience measurements.
Case Reports: Multifaceted Experiences Treating Youth with Severe Obesity
Authors: Schaller Karen E. , Stephenson-Somers Linda J. , Ariza Adolfo J. , Quadri Maheen , Binns Helen J.
Published: March 2019

The management of youth with severe obesity is strongly impacted by social determinants of health and family dynamics. We present case studies of three patients seen in our tertiary care obesity treatment clinic as examples of the challenges faced by these patients and their families, as well as by the medical team. We discuss how these cases illustrate potential barriers to care, the role of child protective services, and we reflect upon lessons learned through the care of these patients. These cases highlight the need for comprehensive care in the management of youth with severe obesity, which can include: visits to multiple medical specialists, and mental and behavioral health providers; school accommodations; linkage to community resources; and, potentially, child protective services involvement. Through the care of these youth, our medical team gained more experience with using anti-obesity medications and meal replacements. The care of these youth also heightened our appreciation for the integral role of mental health services and community-based resources in the management of youth with severe obesity.
Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in the Sediments of Six Water Sources in Taihu Lake, China
Authors: Yang Xiaofan , Wei Xueyu , Xu Xiaoping , Zhang Yu , Li Jincheng , Wan Jie
Published: March 2019

KCl-extractable sediment dissolved organic nitrogen (KS-DON) extracted from sediments near drinking water intakes of six drinking water sources in Taihu Lake in China was partitioned into hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions and high/low molecular weight fractions. The results showed that the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) contents of the extracts ranged from 67.78 to 128.27 mg/kg. KS-DON was the main TDN species, accounting for more than 50%, with NH4+-N and NO3−-N averaging 30% and 20%, respectively. The molecular weight fractions of <1 kDa accounted for almost half of KS-DON. Hydrophilic compounds accounted for more than 75% of KS-DON. Three fluorescence peaks were identified: soluble microbial byproducts (A); protein-like substances (B); and humic acid-like substances (C). It is concluded that the KS-DON in Taihu Lake sources has higher bioavailability and higher risk of endogenous release. Ecological dredging and establishment of constructed wetlands are possible measures to reduce the release of endogenous nitrogen.
Disease Entities in Mucormycosis
Authors: Serris Alexandra , Danion François , Lanternier Fanny
Published: March 2019

Mucormycosis is an emerging life-threatening fungal infection caused by Mucorales. This infection occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients, especially with hematological malignancy, transplantation, or diabetes mellitus. Rhino-orbito-cerebral and pulmonary mucormycosis are the predominant forms. Interestingly, location is associated with the underlying disease as pulmonary mucormycosis is more frequent in hematological malignancy patients whereas rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is associated with diabetes. Cutaneous mucormycosis results from direct inoculation, mainly after trauma or surgery. Gastro-intestinal mucormycosis occurs after ingestion of contaminated food or with contaminated device and involves the stomach or colon. Disseminated disease is the most severe form and is associated with profound immunosuppression. Uncommon presentations with endocarditis, osteoarticluar or isolated cerebral infections are also described. Finally, health-care associated mucormycosis is a matter of concern in premature newborns and burn units. Clinical symptoms and CT scan findings are not specific, only the early reversed halo sign is associated with pulmonary mucormycosis. Circulating Mucorales DNA detection is a recent promising diagnostic tool that may lead to improving the diagnosis and prompting therapeutic initiation that should include antifungal treatment, correction of the underlying disease and surgery when feasible.
Replacing Land-Use Planning with Localized Form-Based Codes in the United Arab Emirates: A Proposed Method
Authors: Khalid Sabri Arwa , Galal Ahmed Khaled
Published: March 2019

Abu Dhabi, the capital city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is one of the pioneering cities in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region that have recently prepared urban sustainability agendas for their cities. Nonetheless, the recently developed urban neighborhoods in Abu Dhabi mostly rely on Land Use planning and their urban forms are still missing essential sustainability qualities. The Form-Based Code (FBC), a sustainable planning tool that helps realize sustainable urban forms, is suggested in this research as an alternative for the conventional Land Use planning currently applied for new urban neighborhoods in Abu Dhabi. The research adopted a method for ‘localizing’ the global tenets and initiation processes of FBCs that outfit the local urban conditions. The investigation of the locally applied form-related regulations and guidelines revealed that they could be transformed into a localized FBC, but still lack some essential components of the FBC’s principles while the community involvement in initiating them was fairly limited. The research examined the applicability of this localized FBC model through interviewing the concerned stakeholders to identify the challenges that might face the adoption of it. The research concluded with recommending a set of actions for implementing the model in Abu Dhabi and other cities sharing similar urban circumstances.
Nanomaterials: Solutions to Water-Concomitant Challenges
Authors: Nabeela Nasreen Shaik Anwar Ahamed , Sundarrajan Subramanian , Syed Nizar Syed Abdulrahim , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: March 2019

Plenty of fresh water resources are still inaccessible for human use. Calamities such as pollution, climate change, and global warming pose serious threats to the fresh water system. Although many naturally and synthetically grown materials have been taken up to resolve these issues, there is still plenty of room for enhancements in technology and material perspectives to maximize resources and to minimize harm. Considering the challenges related to the purification of water, materials in the form of nanofiber membranes and nanomaterials have made tremendous contributions to water purification and filtration. Nanofiber membranes made of synthetic polymer nanofibers, ceramic membranes etc., metal oxides in various morphologies, and carbonaceous materials were explored in relation to waste removal from water. In this review, we have discussed a few key materials that have shown effectiveness in removing pollutants from waste water, enabling solutions to existing problems in obtaining clean drinking water.
Case Depth Prediction of Nitrided Samples with Barkhausen Noise Measurement
Authors: Sorsa Aki , Santa-aho Suvi , Aylott Christopher , Shaw Brian A. , Vippola Minnamari , Leiviskä Kauko
Published: March 2019

Nitriding is a heat treatment process that is commonly used to enhance the surface properties of ferrous components. Traditional quality control uses sacrificial pieces that are destructively evaluated. However, efficient production requires quality control where the case depths produced are non-destructively evaluated. In this study, four different low alloy steel materials were studied. Nitriding times for the samples were varied to produce varying case depths. Traditional Barkhausen noise and Barkhausen noise sweep measurements were carried out for non-destructive case depth evaluation. A prediction model between traditional Barkhausen noise measurements and diffusion layer hardness was identified. The diffusion layer hardness was predicted and sweep measurement data was used to predict case depths. Modelling was carried out for non-ground and ground samples with good results.
Surface Morphologies and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Ca Amorphous Alloys under Chemistry-Mechanics Interactive Environments
Authors: Li Yongyan , Liang Zhuofan , Yang Lianzan , Zhao Weimin , Wang Yalong , Yu Hui , Qin Chunling , Wang Zhifeng
Published: March 2019

Mg-Zn-Ca amorphous alloys are considered as potential bone implants. A large number of works have focused on the alloys under free corrosion environment. However, the real service environment of bone implants is a kind of chemistry-mechanics interactive environment in which the materials not only suffer corrosion by body fluids but also bear applied force induced by body movement. In order to imitate the real service environment, surface morphologies and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Ca amorphous alloys were studied under different chemistry-mechanics interactive environments in this paper. It was found that cracks and Ca/Mg phosphates formed on the surface of amorphous alloys. The compressive strength of the alloys decreased seriously but could still reach an acceptable value to avoid material failure. Fan-shaped patterns found on all the samples implied that brittle fracture was the main fracture form. Moreover, vein-like patterns could still be found in some areas, showing a locally plastic deformation. This was the reason why the alloy could maintain a high compressive strength after severe and interactive treatments. The study could guide related works in the establishment of experimental environments in the future, which will facilitate a more accurate biomedical evaluation of bone implants.
Development of a Bioactive Sauce Based on Oriental Mustard Flour with Antifungal Properties for Pita Bread Shelf Life Improvement
Authors: Torrijos Raquel , Nazareth Tiago M. , Pérez Júlia , Mañes Jordi , Meca Giuseppe
Published: March 2019

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced in the secondary metabolism of fungus belonging to the genus Aspergillus and Penicillium. In this study, the employment of oriental mustard flour (OMF) as an ingredient in a packaged sauce was evaluated for the generation in situ of the antimicrobial compound allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) in order to preserve pita bread contaminated with Penicillium verrucosum VTT D-01847, an OTA producer, in an active packaging system. Four different concentrations (8, 16, 33 and 50 mg/g) were tested. Mycelium formation, mycotoxin production, AITC absorbed by the food matrix, and volatilization kinetics were studied for each concentration. The results obtained were compared with bread treated with the commercial additive calcium propionate (E-282). The results showed a shelf life increase of two and three days with the employment of 33 and 50 mg/g of OMF, with a significant reduction of the fungal population (3.1 and 5.7 logs, respectively) in comparison with the control experiment. The use of 16 and 33 mg/g of OMF in the sauce formulation decreased the concentration of OTA in the bread samples while no OTA production was detected employing 50 mg/g of OMF.
Skin Protective Activity of Silymarin and its Flavonolignans
Authors: Vostálová Jitka , Tinková Eva , Biedermann David , Kosina Pavel , Ulrichová Jitka , Rajnochová Svobodová Alena
Published: March 2019

Silybum marianum (L.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in treatment of liver disorders. In last decades, silymarin (SM), a standardized extract from S. marianum seeds has been studied for its dermatological application, namely for UVB-protective properties. However, information on SM and its polyphenols effect on activity of enzymes participating in the (photo)aging process is limited. Therefore, evaluation of SM and its flavonolignans potential to inhibit collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase in tube tests was the goal of this study. The antioxidant and UV screening properties of SM and its flavonolignans silybin, isosilybin, silydianin, silychristin and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHSB) were also evaluated by a DPPH assay and spectrophotometrical measurement. DHSB showed the highest ability to scavenge DPPH radical and also revealed the highest UVA protection factor (PF-UVA) that corresponds with its absorption spectrum. SM and studied flavonolignans were found to exhibit anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activity. The most potent flavonolignan was DHSB. None of studied flavonolignans or SM showed anti-hyaluronidase activity. Our results suggest that SM and its flavonolignans may be useful agents for skin protection against the harmful effects of full-spectrum solar radiation including slowing down skin (photo)aging.
Leveraging the Cardio-Protective and Anticancer Properties of Resveratrol in Cardio-Oncology
Authors: Abdelgawad Ibrahim Y. , Grant Marianne K.O. , Zordoky Beshay N.
Published: March 2019

Cardio-oncology is a clinical/scientific discipline which aims to prevent and/or treat cardiovascular diseases in cancer patients. Although a large number of cancer treatments are known to cause cardiovascular toxicity, they are still widely used because they are highly effective. Unfortunately, therapeutic interventions to prevent and/or treat cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular toxicity have not been established yet. A major challenge for such interventions is to protect the cardiovascular system without compromising the therapeutic benefit of anticancer medications. Intriguingly, the polyphenolic natural compound resveratrol and its analogs have been shown in preclinical studies to protect against cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular toxicity. They have also been shown to possess significant anticancer properties on their own, and to enhance the anticancer effect of other cancer treatments. Thus, they hold significant promise to protect the cardiovascular system and fight the cancer at the same time. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge regarding the cardio-protective and the anticancer properties of resveratrol and its analogs. Thereafter, we will discuss the challenges that face the clinical application of these agents. To conclude, we will highlight important gaps of knowledge and future research directions to accelerate the translation of these exciting preclinical findings to cancer patient care.
Spectral Properties of PMMA Films Doped by Perylene Dyestuffs for Photoselective Greenhouse Cladding Applications
Authors: El-Bashir S. M. , AlSalhi M. S. , Al-Faifi F. , Alenazi W. K.
Published: March 2019

Luminescent polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) films were prepared by the solvent-casting technique from polymer solution doped with different concentrations of red perylene dyestuffs (KREMER 94720 and KREMER 94739). The effect of the dye concentration on the structure and spectroscopic properties was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) optical absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The optimum dye concentration of photoselective PMMA films was determined by the fluorescence spectroscopy measurements and showed the best emission properties for the doping concentration 10−3 wt % of the investigated dyes. The accelerated photostability tests showed promising stability of the prepared films towards terrestrial solar ultraviolet radiation (UVA). The results endorsed a promising application of the investigated films in photoselective greenhouse cladding applications as the optimized film fluoresces at the action spectra of special chlorophyll a.
Determining Tube Theory Parameters by Slip-Spring Model Simulations of Entangled Star Polymers in Fixed Networks
Authors: Cao Jing , Wang Zuowei , Likhtman Alexei
Published: March 2019

Dynamical properties of branched polymer melts are determined by the polymer molecular weights and architectures containing junction points. Relaxation of entangled symmetric star polymers proceeds via arm-retraction and constraint release (CR). In this work, we investigate arm-retraction dynamics in the framework of a single-chain slip-spring model without CR effect where entanglements are treated as binary contacts, conveniently modeled as virtual “slip-links”, each involving two neighboring strands. The model systems are analogous to isolated star polymers confined in a permanent network or a melt of very long linear polymers. We find that the distributions of the effective primitive path lengths are Gaussian, from which the entanglement molecular weight N e , a key tube theory parameter, can be extracted. The procured N e value is in good agreement with that obtained from mapping the middle monomer mean-square displacements of entangled linear chains in slip-spring model to the tube model prediction. Furthermore, the mean first-passage (FP) times of destruction of original tube segments by the retracting arm end are collected in simulations and examined quantitatively using a theory recently developed in our group for describing FP problems of one-dimensional Rouse chains with improbable extensions. The asymptotic values of N e as obtained from the static (primitive path length) and dynamical (FP time) analysis are consistent with each other. Additionally, we manage to determine the tube survival function of star arms μ ( t ) , or equivalently arm end-to-end vector relaxation function ϕ ( t ) , through the mean FP time spectrum τ ( s ) of the tube segments after careful consideration of the inner-most entanglements, which shows reasonably good agreement with experimental data on dielectric relaxation.
Characteristics and Mechanism of Vinyl Ether Cationic Polymerization in Aqueous Media Initiated by Alcohol/B(C6F5)3/Et2O
Authors: Zhang Jinghan , Wu Yibo , Chen Kaixuan , Zhang Min , Gong Liangfa , Yang Dan , Li Shuxin , Guo Wenli
Published: March 2019

Aqueous cationic polymerizations of vinyl ethers (isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE), 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether (CEVE), and n-butyl vinyl ether (n-BVE)) were performed for the first time by a CumOH/B(C6F5)3/Et2O initiating system in an air atmosphere. The polymerization proceeded in a reproducible manner through the careful design of experimental conditions (adding initiator, co-solvents, and surfactant or decreasing the reaction temperature), and the polymerization characteristics were systematically tested and compared in the suspension and emulsion. The significant difference with traditional cationic polymerization is that the polymerization rate in aqueous media using B(C6F5)3/Et2O as a co-initiator decreases when the temperature is lowered. The polymerization sites are located on the monomer/water surface. Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to investigate the competition between H2O and alcohol combined with B(C6F5)3 for providing a theoretical basis. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism for the aqueous cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers using CumOH/B(C6F5)3/Et2O was confirmed.
Controlled Electron-Beam Synthesis of Transparent Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Glass Sarah , Kühnert Mathias , Abel Bernd , Schulze Agnes
Published: March 2019

In this study, we highlight hydrogels prepared by electron-beam polymerization. In general, the electron-beam-polymerized hydrogels showed improved mechanical and optical transmittances compared to the conventional UV-cured hydrogels. They were more elastic and had a higher crosslinking density. Additionally, they were transparent over a broader wavelength range. The dependence of the mechanical and optical properties of the hydrogels on the number of single differential and total irradiation doses was analyzed in detail. The hydrogels were prepared for usage as a drug delivery material with methylene blue as a drug model. In the first set of experiments, methylene blue was loaded reversibly after the hydrogel synthesis. Electron-beam-polymerized hydrogels incorporated twice as much methylene blue compared to the UV-polymerized gels. Furthermore, the release of the model drug was found to depend on the crosslinking degree of the hydrogels. In addition, electron-beam polymerization enabled the irreversible binding of the drug molecules if they were mixed with monomers before polymerization.
Conceptual Verification of Integrated Heterogeneous Network Based on 5G Millimeter Wave Use in Gymnasium
Authors: Yang Wanlin
Published: March 2019

Aiming at the problem that the optical link may be too expensive or even impossible to achieve in a large number of locations in the central part of the backhaul line, the proof-of-concept (PoC) verification of a millimeter-wave integrated heterogeneous network (HetNet) is proposed. HetNet includes a traditional macrocell network and a new small unit that uses a millimeter wave for backhaul line and link access. The concept of a segmentation control plane and user plane was introduced. In the HetNet integrated millimeter wave, the control plane and the user plane were segmented to support the uninterrupted connection and enhance the capacity of the millimeter wave small base station. Millimeter wave communication could be used not only for access links, but also for wireless backhaul links, which will facilitate the installation of small millimeter wave cells. Through conceptual verification (PoC), the feasibility of millimeter-wave integrated HetNet prototype with millimeter wave technology used for return lines and link access is proved.
The Role of Riemann’s Zeta Function in Mathematics and Physics †,‡
Authors: Dittrich Walter
Published: March 2019

In particular, Riemann’s impact on mathematics and physics alike is demonstrated using methods originating from the theory of numbers and from quantum electrodynamics, i.e., from the behavior of an electron in a prescribed external electromagnetic field. More specifically, we employ Riemann’s zeta function to regularize the otherwise infinite results of the so-called Heisenberg–Euler Lagrangian. As a spin-off, we also calculate some integrals that are useful in mathematics and physics.
Future Hydrological Drought Risk Assessment Based on Nonstationary Joint Drought Management Index
Authors: Yu Jisoo , Kim Tae-Woong , Park Dong-Hyeok
Published: March 2019

As the environment changes, the stationarity assumption in hydrological analysis has become questionable. If nonstationarity of an observed time series is not fully considered when handling climate change scenarios, the outcomes of statistical analyses would be invalid in practice. This study established bivariate time-varying copula models for risk analysis based on the generalized additive models in location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) theory to develop the nonstationary joint drought management index (JDMI). Two kinds of daily streamflow data from the Soyang River basin were used; one is that observed during 1976–2005, and the other is that simulated for the period 2011–2099 from 26 climate change scenarios. The JDMI quantified the multi-index of reliability and vulnerability of hydrological drought, both of which cause damage to the hydrosystem. Hydrological drought was defined as the low-flow events that occur when streamflow is equal to or less than Q80 calculated from observed data, allowing future drought risk to be assessed and compared with the past. Then, reliability and vulnerability were estimated based on the duration and magnitude of the events, respectively. As a result, the JDMI provided the expected duration and magnitude quantities of drought or water deficit.