bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguagem, espaço e nação: um mapeamento das identidades multigeográficas do protagonista imigrante
Authors: Raynor Cecily
Published: May 2015

Neste trabalho, analiso duas obras que narram a migração: Estive em Lisboa e lembrei de você (2009), de Luiz Ruffato, um romance contemporâneo centrado na história de um migrante mineiro que vai para Lisboa, e Mar paraguayo (1992), de Wilson Bueno, que conta a história de uma prostituta paraguaia sem nome que reside em Guaratuba. Mais especificamente, argumento que os romances de migração com temas contemporâneos desafiam, alongam e/ou interrompem a coesão narrativa do espaço-tempo, obscurecendo, muitas vezes de forma progressiva, as fronteiras entre o nacional e o transnacional. Examino a ideia do espaço tanto no sentido concreto, no âmbito doméstico e o espaço urbano, quanto no sentido metafórico. Dentro deste marco teórico expandido, estendo o argumento espacial ainda mais, postulando que essas narrativas não apenas transgridem ou transcendem os espaços tangíveis, mas também que geram novas ou alternativas possibilidades espaciais a partir das quais podemos observar a construção e manutenção da identidade.
Metaturbidite-hosted gold deposits, Córrego do Sítio lineament, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil
Authors: Roncato Júnior Jorge Geraldo , Lobato Lydia Maria , Lima Luiz Claudio , Porto Cecília Germano , Silva Rosaline Cristina Figueiredo e
Published: May 2015

A study of geology and rocks paragenesis has been conducted at the Córrego do Sítio auriferous lineament, containing the Cachorro Bravo, Laranjeiras and Carvoaria metaturbidite-hosted lode-gold deposits located in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero Region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These representative deposits are described to illustrate the essentially similar general character of all the deposits of lineament as well as the wide compositional and mineralogical differences in the ore of the different deposits, where, for the Cachorro Bravo deposit, a geological mapping included two underground mine galleries. The Córrego do Sítio unit is a metamorphosed turbidite in an alternating sequence of metagraywackes and phyllites, with parallel to discordant metamafic dikes and sills. The ore zone is predominantly hosted at the stratigraphic break between metasedimentary and metamafic rocks. Four deformation events affected the mine sequence. Mineralized veins and veinlets are considered to have formed within a brittle-ductile shear-zone environment and occurred in multiple episodes. Different vein types are recognized, but the most important volumetrically is a S1-concordant type characterized by smoky and milky quartz-carbonate-sulfide ± sulfosalts veins. Veins are dominated by quartz, but locally they are characterized by carbonate and a large variety of sulfide and sulfosalt minerals. Pyrite is the commonest associated sulfide mineral, followed by arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite. An extensive mineralogical study of polished sections has confirmed different generations of sulfide minerals. The sulfides and sulfosalt minerals are interrelated in the veins and disseminated on wall rocks. The data are consistent with a genetic models related to other Archean lode-gold deposits.
Paleoenvironmental interpretation through the analysis of ostracodes and carbonate microfacies: study of the Jandaíra Formation, Upper Cretaceous, Potiguar Basin
Authors: Santos Filho Marcos Antonio Batista dos , Piovesan Enelise Katia , Fauth Gerson , Srivastava Narendra Kumar
Published: May 2015

Paleoecological analyses are important tools for the reconstruction of paleoenvironments. This paper had the objective of using analysis of ostracode assemblages and carbonate microfacies of a well (Carbomil) and an outcrop (Quixeré) from the Jandaíra Formation, Potiguar Basin, in order to verify how they corroborate and complement the other. Two paleoenvironments for Carbomil Well (assemblages 1 and 2, respectively marine and brackish to neritic environments) and one for Quixeré Outcrop (assemblage 3, marine environment) were identified through the ostracode assemblage analysis. Thin section analysis allowed the identification of two different facies for Carbomil Well, i.e. bioclastic packstones to wackstones, a marine brackish or restricted marine system; and bioclastic grainstones to packstones, a normal, shallow marine system. High levels of alteration on the samples prevented an adequate analysis of Quixeré Outcrop; however, it seems to point towards a low-energy environment. Overall, information provided by the thin sections corroborate and complement data of the ostracode assemblages, which allowed a higher degree of certainty for the paleoenvironmental analysis.
Polyphase deformation and metamorphism of the Cuiabá group in the Poconé region (MT), Paraguay Fold and Thrust Belt: kinematic and tectonic implications
Authors: Vasconcelos Bruno Rodrigo , Ruiz Amarildo Salina , Matos João Batista de
Published: May 2015

Several deformation models have been proposed for the Paraguay Belt, which primarily differ in the number of phases of deformation, direction of vergence and tectonic style. Structural features presented in this work indicate that the tectonics was dominated by low dip thrust sheets in an initial phase, followed by two progressive deformation phases. The first phase of deformation is characterized by a slate cleavage and axial plane of isoclinal recumbent folds with a NE axial direction, with a recrystallization of the minerals in the greenschist facies associated with horizontal shear zones with a top-to-the-SE sense of movement. The second stage shows vergence towards the NW, characterized by crenulation cleavage axial plane to F2 open folds over S0 and S1, locally associated with reverse faults. The third phase of deformation is characterized by subvertical faults and fractures with a NW direction showing sinistral movement, which are commonly filled by quartz veins. The collection of tectonic structures and metamorphic paragenesis described indicate that the most intense deformation at the deeper crustal level, greenschistfacies, occurred during F1, which accommodated significant crustal shortening through isoclinal recumbent folds and shear zones with low dip angles and hangwall movement to the SE, in a thin-skinned tectonic regime. The F2 deformation phase was less intense and had a brittle to ductile behavior that accommodated a slight shortening through normal open subvertical folds, and reverse faults developed in shallower crustal level, with vergence towards the Amazonian Craton. The third phase was less pervasive, and the shortening was accommodated by relief subvertical sinistral faults.
Bioactivity of Piper extracts on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in tomato
Authors: Brito Elaine Ferrari de , Baldin Edson Luiz Lopes , Silva Roney de Carvalho Macedo , Ribeiro Leandro do Prado , Vendramim José Djair
Published: May 2015

The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioactivity of ethanolic leaf extracts from four species of the genus Piper against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under laboratory conditions. The evaluated species were: P. amalago var. medium, P. glabratum, P. mikanianum, and P. mollicomum. In the initial screening assay (extract concentration of 2,000 mg L-1), all tested extracts caused significant larval mortality, particularly the extract of P. amalago var. medium; however, no extracts reduced the weight of the surviving larvae. The extract from P. amalago var. medium at the concentration of 1,011 mg L-1 caused a significant lengthening of the larval and pupal stages. The ethanolic leaf extract of P. amalago var. medium is promising for the control of T. absoluta larvae in tomato, since it exhibits acute toxicity toward these caterpillars at the concentration of 2,000 mg L-1 and affects the insect's development by reducing its survival and lengthening the larval and pupal stages.
Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha
Authors: Rezende Wender Santos , Brito Césio Humberto de , Brandão Afonso Maria , Franco Cláudio José Faria , Ferreira Maurício Viana , Ferreira Adão de Siqueira
Published: May 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da desfolha do milho no desenvolvimento e na produtividade de grãos. Seis ensaios foram conduzidos em diferentes safras e locais e em dois níveis de produtividade. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com sete repetições. A desfolha foi realizada no estádio vegetativo V4 do milho (quatro folhas expandidas), e os tratamentos foram: remoção das duas folhas basais, remoção das quatro folhas expandidas, remoção total das folhas (secção da parte aérea) e testemunha (sem desfolha). Foram avaliados: duração do período vegetativo; e, em pré-colheita, altura de planta, altura de espiga, percentagem de plantas acamadas, força de quebramento de colmo, força de arranquio da planta e produtividade. A remoção das quatro folhas e a remoção total aumentaram a duração do período vegetativo e reduziram a altura de planta, a altura de espiga e a resistência do colmo ao quebramento. Esses níveis de desfolha também reduziram a produtividade, principalmente com a remoção total das folhas. A força de arranquio da planta não foi influenciada pela desfolha. A retirada de quatro folhas e do total das folhas reduz a produtividade de grãos, respectivamente, em 6,25 a 14,05% nos híbridos avaliados.
Antecipação da diagnose foliar em arroz de sequeiro
Authors: Tomio Denis Borges , Utumi Marley Marico , Perez Daniel Vidal , Dias Jairo Rafael Machado , Wadt Paulo Guilherme Salvador
Published: May 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possibilidade de antecipar a amostragem foliar em arroz de sequeiro, para viabilizar o diagnóstico nutricional em tempo hábil para intervenção. Foram coletadas 107 amostras foliares em ensaios de materiais genéticos da Embrapa Rondônia, no Estado de Rondônia, em três épocas de amostragem: antecipada, aos 30 e 40 dias após a semeadura (DAS); e padrão, aos 65 DAS. Foram obtidas as normas de diagnose da composição nutricional (CND) para cada época avaliada, as quais foram utilizadas para o diagnóstico em todas as épocas, tendo-se comparado os resultados do potencial de resposta à adubação sob duas ou três classes de suficiência nutricional, e verificado o grau de concordância entre os diagnósticos. O uso de duas classes de suficiência aumenta a possibilidade da antecipação da época de amostragem para diagnose foliar, o que viabilizaria o diagnóstico nutricional em tempo hábil para a correção ou a mitigação de eventuais deficiências nutricionais. A antecipação da diagnose foliar em arroz de sequeiro depende do desenvolvimento de normas de diagnose específicas para cada período amostral.
Mapeamento do fósforo adsorvido por meio da cor e da suscetibilidade magnética do solo
Authors: Peluco Rafael Gonçalves , Marques Júnior José , Siqueira Diego Silva , Pereira Gener Tadeu , Barbosa Ronny Sobreira , Teixeira Daniel de Bortoli
Published: May 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possibilidade de se mapear o fósforo adsorvido por meio da avaliação da cor e da suscetibilidade magnética do solo. O experimento foi realizado em área de cana-de-açúcar com 380 ha, que compreendia quatro tipos de Latossolos, com diferentes texturas e fertilidades naturais. Foram coletadas 241 amostras de solo, na profundidade de 0,00-0,25 m. O índice de avermelhamento do solo foi calculado a partir dos valores de matiz, valor e croma das amostras, obtidos com espectroscopia de reflectância difusa. Foram ajustados modelos de regressão entre o fósforo adsorvido e a suscetibilidade magnética ou o índice de avermelhamento dos solos. A dependência espacial dos dados foi avaliada por meio de geoestatística. A suscetibilidade magnética correlaciona-se significativamente ao fósforo adsorvido, o que possibilita seu uso como componente de funções de pedotransferência para quantificação indireta do fósforo adsorvido ao solo. O índice de avermelhamento e a suscetibilidade magnética apresentam dependência espacial com o fósforo adsorvido. A suscetibilidade magnética e o índice de avermelhamento dos solos, avaliado pela espectroscopia de reflectância difusa, podem auxiliar no mapeamento e na identificação de áreas com diferentes potenciais de adsorção de fósforo.
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDA/H). Tecnologías, actores sociales e industria farmacéutica
Authors: Bianchi Eugenia , Faraone Silvia A.
Published: May 2015

Se presenta un análisis crítico de los procesos de farmacologización de la infancia a partir de resultados de investigaciones sobre el consumo de psicotrópicos en niños. Se aborda el caso empírico del TDA/H y el empleo de metilfenidato, enfatizando el rol de la industria farmacéutica, los avances en tecnologías farmacológicas, y el DSM (Manual de Diagnóstico y Estadísticas de los Trastornos Mentales), como elementos centrales en la instalación y difusión de dichos procesos. Se enfocan estos problemas desde perspectivas que analizan los procesos de medicalización y biomedicalización, las tecnologías biomédicas y la historia de la farmacología. Se utilizaron métodos analítico-interpretativos para el procesamiento y análisis de datos primarios y secundarios, triangulando 1) revisión bibliográfica especializada nacional e internacional; 2) análisis de artículos periodísticos centrados en la temática, 3) datos numéricos oficiales y de organizaciones profesionales, y 4) análisis de 65 entrevistas en profundidad y grupales a profesionales de la salud. De estas entrevistas, 35 se realizaron en dos tramos, octubre-diciembre de 2007, y abril-junio de 2008. Las 30 restantes se efectuaron entre agosto de 2009 y marzo de 2011. Se concluye un crecimiento del diagnóstico de TDA/H en niños en las dos últimas décadas, y la expansión del marketing farmacéutico a actores no médicos.
Patologização e penalização do uso de drogas: uma análise socioantropológica de proposições legislativas (2007-2010)
Authors: Silva Martinho Braga e , Delduque Maria Célia
Published: May 2015

Com base nas contribuições de N. Elias e H. Becker, buscamos identificar os processos de patologização e penalização do uso de drogas presentes em proposições legislativas apresentadas ao Congresso Nacional durante a 53ª Legislatura. As 147 proposições reunidas através do descritor "álcool, tabaco e outras drogas" no banco de dados do Observatório da Saúde no Legislativo também dizem respeito a diferentes temas, como "alimentação e nutrição" e "propaganda". No inteiro teor de alguns projetos de lei, há uma recorrente indistinção entre uso, abuso e dependência de substâncias psicoativas ilícitas e lícitas; inclusive na própria ementa dos mesmos é patente uma tendência no sentido do aumento da pena dirigida a usuários e também distribuidores de drogas. A atuação do Poder Legislativo no que tange à questão das drogas contribui para sua penalização e patologização, mais do que para sua politização.
Atenção ao pré-natal e parto em mulheres usuárias do sistema público de saúde residentes na Amazônia Legal e no Nordeste, Brasil 2010
Authors: Leal Maria do Carmo , Theme-Filha Mariza Miranda , Moura Erly Catarina de , Cecatti José Guilherme , Santos Leonor Maria Pacheco
Published: May 2015

Objetivos: descrever a adequação da atenção à saúde entre as mulheres que fizeram o pré-natal e/ou parto no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), nos municípios prioritários para a redução da mortalidade infantil na Amazônia Legal e no Nordeste. Métodos: análise de dados secundários de inquérito de base populacional com mães e crianças menores de um ano de idade que compareceram à Campanha de vacinação em 2010. A amostra estudada foi de 13.205 mulheres com acompanhamento de pré-natal e de 13.044 mulheres com acompanhamento de parto, em 252 municípios prioritários. A adequação do pré-natal e parto foi classificada em conformidade com indicadores de processo propostos pelo Programa Nacional de Humanização do Pré-natal e Nascimento. Resultados: entre as mulheres investigadas 75,4% realizaram seis ou mais consultas de pré-natal, mas somente 3,4% tiveram acesso a um pré-natal classificado como adequado. O acesso à ultrassonografia foi relatado por 96,1% das mulheres, ao exame de HIV por 91,8% e ao teste de sífilis por 68,7%. Apenas 44,2% das mulheres recebeu indicação da maternidade na qual deveria fazer o parto e a internação no local indicado ocorreu em 8,6% dos casos. A atenção ao parto foi considerada adequada para apenas 1% das entrevistadas. Os resultados variaram entre os estados e níveis socioeconômicos das mulheres. Conclusões: foram identificadas falhas na atenção ao pré-natal e parto, que é inadequada e socialmente iníqua nestas regiões, contribuindo para os precários indicadores de saúde materno infantil na Amazônia Legal e no Nordeste do Brasil.
Exposição a pesticidas organoclorados e desenvolvimento cognitivo em crianças e adolescentes residentes em uma área contaminada no Brasil
Authors: Campos Élida , Freire Carmen , Novaes Cristiane de Oliveira , Koifman Rosalina J. , Koifman Sérgio
Published: May 2015

Objetivos: avaliar o desempenho cognitivo de crianças e adolescentes residentes em uma área contaminada com pesticidas organoclorados (OC), e fatores associados à exposição. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo seccional com 102 indivíduos entre 6-16 anos residentes em Cidade dos Meninos, RJ, entre 2012-2013. Uma subamostra de 46 destas crianças dispunha das concentrações séricas de pesticidas OC e hormônios tireóideos, determinados entre 2003-2004. Local de residência materna e tempo de amamentação foram informados por todos os participantes. Desempenho cognitivo foi avaliado pela escala WISC-III. Utilizou-se regressão multivariada para explorar as associações. Resultados: pelo menos 40% das crianças apresentaram inteligência inferior à média (QI<90) em seis domínios cognitivos. A função executiva demonstrou o menor escore. Local de residência materna e tempo de amamentação não associaram-se à cognição, exceto a função executiva. Níveis de alfahexaclorocicloexano (HCH) associaram-se a redução de 0,45, 0,33 e 0,46 pontos nas áreas de execução, resistência à distração (RD) e velocidade de processamento (VP), respectivamente; gama-HCH associou-se a redução de 1,74 pontos na RD e 1,84 pontos na VP; e p,p’-DDT (dicloro-difenil-tricloroetano) relacionou- se a menor pontuação (-0,81) na VP. Observou-se leve associação inversa entre os níveis de triiodotironina total e organização perceptual. Conclusões: resultados sugerem que a exposição crônica aos pesticidas OC poderia acarretar déficits cognitivos nestas crianças e adolescentes.
Physical activity as a protective factor for development of non-alcoholic fatty liver in men
Authors: Pinto Carla Giuliano de Sá , Marega Marcio , Carvalho José Antonio Maluf de , Carmona Felipe Gambetta , Lopes Carlos Eduardo Felix , Ceschini Fabio Luis , Bocalini Danilo Sales , Figueira Junior Aylton José
Published: May 2015

Objective To determine the impact of physical activity on the prevalence of fatty liver, metabolic and cardiovascular disease in adult men. Methods This study evaluated 1,399 men (40.7±8.18 years) with body mass index of 26.7kg/m2 (±3.4) who participated in the Protocol of Preventive Health Check-up at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein from January to October 2011. We conducted tests of serum blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, reactive c-protein, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The statistical analysis comprised in the comparison of mean and standard deviation. The analysis of variance was based in two paths of two way ANOVA, Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U test, Wald test and χ2. We considered a significance level at p<0.05 and correlation of univariate Poison with 95% confidence interval. Results Fatty liver was diagnosed in 37.0% of the sample. Triglyceride levels of active men with fatty liver were 148.2±77.6mg/dL while inactive men with fatty liver had 173.4±15.6mg/dL. The remaining serum levels were normal. Inactive individuals showed higher values than active. In addition, inactive individuals have 10.68 times higher risk of developing fatty liver compared with active. Conclusion Physical activity improves metabolic parameters such as triglycerides, weight control, HDL, which interfere in the development of fatty liver. Physically active individuals had lower fatty liver prevalence regardless of values of body composition and lipid profile, leading the conclusion that physical activity has a protective role against development of fatty liver.
Triiodothyronine modulates the expression of leptin and adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Oliveira Miriane de , Síbio Maria Teresa De , Olimpio Regiane Marques Castro , Moretto Fernanda Cristina Fontes , Luvizotto Renata de Azevedo Melo , Nogueira Celia Regina
Published: May 2015

Objective To study the effect of different doses of triiodothyronine on gene expression of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin, at different times, and to evaluate the difference in expression between the two adipokines in each group. Methods 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated with triiodothyronine at physiological dose (10nM) and supraphysiological doses (100nM or 1,000nM), or without triiodothyronine (control, C) for 0.5, 6, or 24 hours. Leptin and adiponectin mRNA was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). One-way analyses of variance, Tukey’s test or Student’s t test, were used to analyze data, and significance level was set at 5%. Results Leptin levels decreased in the 1,000nM-dose group after 0.5 hour. Adiponectin levels dropped in the 10nM-dose group, but increased at the 100nM dose. After 6 hours, both genes were suppressed in all hormone concentrations. After 24 hours, leptin levels increased at 10, 100 and 1,000nM groups as compared to the control group; and adiponectin levels increased only in the 100nM group as compared to the control group. Conclusion These results demonstrated fast actions of triiodothyronine on the leptin and adiponectin expression, starting at 0.5 hour, at a dose of 1,000nM for leptin and 100nM for adiponectin. Triiodothyronine stimulated or inhibited the expression of adipokines in adipocytes at different times and doses which may be useful to assist in the treatment of obesity, assuming that leptin is increased and adiponectin is decreased, in obesity cases.
Perinatal outcomes in women over 40 years of age compared to those of other gestations
Authors: Canhaço Evandro Eduardo , Bergamo Angela Mendes , Lippi Umberto Gazi , Lopes Reginaldo Guedes Coelho
Published: May 2015

Objective To clarify if older pregnant women were more likely to have adverse perinatal outcomes when compared to women at an ideal age to have a child. Methods The groups were divided according to age groups: under 20 years, ≥20 to <40 years, and ≥40 years. Results During the period from January 1st, 2008, to December 31st, 2008, there were 76 births from patients younger than 20 years and 91 births from patients aged 40 years or over. To form a third group with intermediate age, the data of 92 patients aged 20 to 40 years were obtained, totaling 259 patients. Patients aged 40 or older had a statistically greater number of cesarean sections and less use of forceps or normal deliveries (p<0.001). The use of spinal anesthesia was statistically higher among those aged 40 years or more (p<0.001). The frequency of male newborns was statistically higher in older patients, a group with statistically fewer first pregnancies (p<0.001). The frequency of premature newborns was statistically higher in patients aged 40 years or more (p=0.004). Conclusion It is crucial to give priority to aged women, so that prenatal care will be appropriate, minimizing maternal complications and improving perinatal outcomes in this unique group.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for cystic fibrosis: a case report
Authors: Biazotti Maria Cristina Santoro , Pinto Junior Walter , Albuquerque Maria Cecília Romano Maciel de , Fujihara Litsuko Shimabukuro , Suganuma Cláudia Haru , Reigota Renata Bednar , Bertuzzo Carmen Sílvia
Published: May 2015

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. This disorder produces a variable phenotype including lung disease, pancreatic insufficiency, and meconium ileus plus bilateral agenesis of the vas deferens causing obstructive azoospermia and male infertility. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is an alternative that allows identification of embryos affected by this or other genetic diseases. We report a case of couple with cystic fibrosis; the woman had the I148 T mutation and the man had the Delta F508 gene mutation. The couple underwent in vitro fertilization, associated with preimplantation genetic diagnosis, and with subsequent selection of healthy embryos for uterine transfer. The result was an uneventful pregnancy and delivery of a healthy male baby.
Ischemia and reperfusion injury in renal transplantation: hemodynamic and immunological paradigms
Authors: Requião-Moura Lúcio Roberto , Durão Junior Marcelino de Souza , Matos Ana Cristina Carvalho de , Pacheco-Silva Alvaro
Published: May 2015

Ischemia and reperfusion injury is an inevitable event in renal transplantation. The most important consequences are delayed graft function, longer length of stay, higher hospital costs, high risk of acute rejection, and negative impact of long-term follow-up. Currently, many factors are involved in their pathophysiology and could be classified into two different paradigms for education purposes: hemodynamic and immune. The hemodynamic paradigm is described as the reduction of oxygen delivery due to blood flow interruption, involving many hormone systems, and oxygen-free radicals produced after reperfusion. The immune paradigm has been recently described and involves immune system cells, especially T cells, with a central role in this injury. According to these concepts, new strategies to prevent ischemia and reperfusion injury have been studied, particularly the more physiological forms of storing the kidney, such as the pump machine and the use of antilymphocyte antibody therapy before reperfusion. Pump machine perfusion reduces delayed graft function prevalence and length of stay at hospital, and increases long-term graft survival. The use of antilymphocyte antibody therapy before reperfusion, such as Thymoglobulin™, can reduce the prevalence of delayed graft function and chronic graft dysfunction.
Cytomegalovirus infection in renal transplantation: clinical aspects, management and the perspectives
Authors: Requião-Moura Lúcio Roberto , Matos Ana Cristina Carvalho de , Pacheco-Silva Alvaro
Published: May 2015

Cytomegalovirus infection is one of most frequent infectious complications after renal transplantation, and can be classified as primo-infection, when the transmission occurs through the graft, or reactivation, when the recipient is cytomegalovirus seropositive. After transplantation, cytomegalovirus can appear as an infection, when the patient presents with evidence of viral replication without symptoms or disease, which has two clinical spectra: typical viral syndrome or invasive disease, which is a less common form. Their effects can be classified as direct, while the disease is developed, or indirect, with an increase of acute rejection and chronic allograft dysfunction risks. Diagnosis must be made based on viremia by one of the standardized methods: antigenemia or PCR, which is more sensitive. The risk factors related to infection after transplantation are the serologic matching (positive donor and negative recipient) and anti-lymphocyte antibody drugs. One of the strategies to reduce risk of disease should be chosen for patients at high risk: preemptive treatment or universal prophylaxis. Recent clinical research has described ganciclovir resistance as an emergent problem in management of cytomegalovirus infection. Two types of mutation that cause resistance were described: UL97 (most frequent) and UL54. Today, sophisticated methods of immunologic monitoring to detect specific T-cell clones against cytomegalovirus are used in clinical practice to improve the management of high-risk patients after renal transplantation.
Assessment of quality of life in patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma treated with a combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel
Authors: Avelino Camila Uanne Resende , Cardoso Rafael Marques , Aguiar Suzana Sales de , Silva Mário Jorge Sobreira da
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE: Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, palliative chemotherapy therefore being the only treatment option. This study was aimed at evaluating the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of advanced-stage NSCLC patients receiving palliative chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel. METHODS: This was a multiple case study of advanced-stage NSCLC outpatients receiving chemotherapy at a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire was used in conjunction with its supplemental lung cancer-specific module in order to assess HRQoL. RESULTS: Physical and cognitive functioning scale scores differed significantly among chemotherapy cycles, indicating improved and worsened HRQoL, respectively. The differences regarding the scores for pain, loss of appetite, chest pain, and arm/shoulder pain indicated improved HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy was found to improve certain aspects of HRQoL in patients with advanced-stage NSCLC.
Lung-dominant connective tissue disease among patients with interstitial lung disease: prevalence, functional stability, and common extrathoracic features
Authors: Pereira Daniel Antunes Silva , Dias Olívia Meira , Almeida Guilherme Eler de , Araujo Mariana Sponholz , Kawano-Dourado Letícia Barbosa , Baldi Bruno Guedes , Kairalla Ronaldo Adib , Carvalho Carlos Roberto Ribeiro
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of a cohort of patients with lung-dominant connective tissue disease (LD-CTD). METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) results (≥ 1/320), with or without specific autoantibodies, and at least one clinical feature suggestive of connective tissue disease (CTD). RESULTS: Of the 1,998 patients screened, 52 initially met the criteria for a diagnosis of LD-CTD: 37% were male; the mean age at diagnosis was 56 years; and the median follow-up period was 48 months. During follow-up, 8 patients met the criteria for a definitive diagnosis of a CTD. The remaining 44 patients comprised the LD-CTD group, in which the most prevalent extrathoracic features were arthralgia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Raynaud's phenomenon. The most prevalent autoantibodies in this group were ANA (89%) and anti-SSA (anti-Ro, 27%). The mean baseline and final FVC was 69.5% and 74.0% of the predicted values, respectively (p > 0.05). Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and usual interstitial pneumonia patterns were found in 45% and 9% of HRCT scans, respectively; 36% of the scans were unclassifiable. A similar prevalence was noted in histological samples. Diffuse esophageal dilatation was identified in 52% of HRCT scans. Nailfold capillaroscopy was performed in 22 patients; 17 showed a scleroderma pattern. CONCLUSIONS: In our LD-CTD group, there was predominance of females and the patients showed mild spirometric abnormalities at diagnosis, with differing underlying ILD patterns that were mostly unclassifiable on HRCT and by histology. We found functional stability on follow-up. Esophageal dilatation on HRCT and scleroderma pattern on nailfold capillaroscopy were frequent findings and might come to serve as diagnostic criteria.
Diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis: analysis of 20 consecutive patients
Authors: Hu Xiaowen , Yi Eunhee Suh , Ryu Jay Hoon
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE: Aspiration can cause a variety of pulmonary syndromes, some of which are not well recognized. The objective of this study was to assess the demographic, clinical, radiological, and histopathological correlates of diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB), a bronchiolocentric disorder caused by recurrent aspiration. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 20 consecutive patients with DAB seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, between January 1, 1998 and June 30, 2014. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 56.5 years (range, 22-76 years), and the male/female ratio was 2.3:1.0. In 18 patients, the diagnosis of DAB was based on the results of a lung biopsy; in the 2 remaining patients, it was based on clinical and radiological features, together with documented aspiration observed in a videofluoroscopic swallow study. In 19 patients (95%), we identified predisposing factors for aspiration, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), drug abuse, and dysphagia. Common presenting features included cough, sputum production, dyspnea, and fever. Twelve patients (60%) had a history of recurrent pneumonia. In all of the patients, chest CT revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates consisting of micronodules and tree-in-bud opacities. In the majority of patients, interventions aimed at preventing recurrent aspiration (e.g., anti-GERD therapies) led to improvement in the symptoms of DAB. CONCLUSIONS: Young to middle-aged subjects with recognizable predisposing factors for aspiration and who report a history of recurrent pneumonia are at increased risk for DAB. Although DAB is not well recognized, certain chest CT features are characteristic of the disorder.
On the relation amongst limnological factors and fish abundance in reservoirs at semiarid region
Authors: Gurgel-Lourenço Ronaldo César , Rodrigues-Filho Carlos Alberto de Sousa , Angelini Ronaldo , Garcez Danielle Sequeira , Sánchez-Botero Jorge Iván
Published: May 2015

Aim:To evaluate possible nycthemeral and seasonal temporal patterns in fish assemblage associated with limnological aspects and biotic factors in two reservoirs in semarid Northeastern Brazil.MethodsFish were sampled with gillnets in nycthemeral cycles throughout the dry and rainy season in two reservoirs (Paulo Sarasate/PS and Edson Queiroz/EQ). The stomach contents of the predator species were surveyed. The limnological variables were submitted to principal components analysis, while their relation to fish abundance was determined by canonical correspondence analysis. Temporal patterns in relative fish species abundance were detected with nMDS.ResultsTemperature and dissolved oxygen levels segregated the reservoirs physico-chemically. Turbidity and chlorophyll-a levels differed between seasons, and the relative abundance of species differed between the reservoirs. Predators were more abundant in PS, while detritivores were more abundant in EQ. Triportheus signatusand Plagioscion squamosissimus were the most abundant species in both reservoirs. In general, predator abundance was positively associated with high temperature and dissolved oxygen (PS>EQ) and negatively associated with turbidity. The activity patterns of P. squamosissimus could not be explained by fluctuations in environmental variables. Non-predators tended to cluster around the vectors chlorophyll-a, pH and turbidity. Predators had a more diversified diet in PS in accordance with food availability, while predators in EQ ate only fish and shrimp. Nycthemeral patterns varied for the same species depending on the reservoir. Generally, in PS predators were more active during daylight hours while non-predators were more active after dark. However, in EQ predators and non-predators displayed similar nycthemeral activity patterns. Regardless of the reservoir, predators were more abundant in the rainy season. No seasonal trend was observed for non-predators.ConclusionsLimnological differences between PS and EQ influenced temporal species abundance patterns. The species distribution was determined by predation conditions and physiological attributes.
Cyanobacterial occurrence and detection of microcystins and saxitoxins in reservoirs of the Brazilian semi-arid
Authors: Fonseca Jessica Roberts , Vieira Pryscila Cynara Soares , Kujbida Paula , Costa Ivaneide Alves Soares da
Published: May 2015

Aim:The rapid spread of cyanobacteria in water sources and reservoirs has caused serious environmental damage and public health problems, and consists in a problem that challenges the institutions responsible for providing water to the population. In this study, the quantification of microcystin, saxitoxins and cyanobacteria levels was performed over 3 years in the semi-arid reservoirs of Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). In addition, we analyzed the seasonal distribution of cyanotoxins and the percentage of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins which were above the limit established by Brazilian law.MethodsThe study was conducted between 2009 and 2011 in four dams with six sites: Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves (ARG) in Itajá, San Rafael (SR) and Jucurutu; Passagem das Traíras (PT); Itans and Gargalheiras (GARG). Cyanobacteria presence were quantified and identified and the presence of microcystins (MCYs) and saxitoxins (STXs) was investigated by ELISA.ResultsThe densities of cyanobacteria were found to be above the permitted in 76% of cases. The ELISA results showed that of the 128 samples analyzed, 27% were above the maximum allowed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health Order 2914/2011. A seasonal pattern for the presence of MCYs was found (0.00227 to 24.1954 µg.L–1), with the highest values in the rainy season. There was no clear seasonal pattern for STXs (0.003 to 0.766 µg.L–1).ConclusionsThis study showed the importance of establishing a water quality monitoring for human consumption and its potability standards since the concentration of MCYs in some samples was above the maximum limit allowed by Brazilian law, thus posing a risk to public health since the conventional water treatment is not able to eliminate these potent hepatotoxins.
As repercussões sociais em indivíduos com distúrbios da comunicação associados às fissuras labiopalatinas com e sem perda auditiva
Authors: Fernandes Talita Fernanda Stabile , Mesquita Sonia Tebet , Feniman Mariza Ribeiro
Published: May 2015

Objetivo Identificar as repercussões sociais em indivíduos com distúrbios da comunicação associados às fissuras labiopalatinas com e sem perda auditiva. Métodos Participaram crianças e adolescentes de 7 anos a 15 anos e 11 meses de idade, de ambos os gêneros, com fissuras de lábio e palato ou de palato isolado, com e sem perda auditiva associada. A pesquisa foi composta por 52 participantes, divididos em dois grupos: um constituído por 36 crianças e adolescentes com fissuras labiopalatinas e sem perda auditiva e outro, por 16 sujeitos com fissuras labiopalatinas e com perda auditiva associada. Resultados Constatou-se que as repercussões socioeconômicas, familiares, educacionais e sociais são comuns aos grupos. Conclusão As crianças e adolescentes com perda auditiva associada à fissura labiopalatina não estão em “desvantagem” no que se refere às repercussões econômicas, familiares, escolares e sociais, em relação às que não têm o distúrbio de audição. Ambos os grupos vivenciam o acirramento de conviver com o comprometimento estético e funcional causado pela anomalia e de viver em uma sociedade totalmente preocupada com a imagem e julgadora das diferenças.
Calculation of fluid–structure interaction: methods, refinements, applications
Authors: Kara M. Can , Stoesser T. , McSherry R.
Published: May 2015

This paper starts by reviewing the most significant previous studies on fluid–structure interaction of flows past stationary and moving circular cylinders, including those undergoing fluid dynamic excitation in the form of vortex-induced vibrations. It shows the importance of flow past a circular cylinder as a convenient validation test case for new numerical methods and demonstrates the advantages of the immersed boundary method. A new method based on the immersed boundary method to accurately compute fluid–structure interaction and vortex-induced vibrations is then presented and applied. The fluid solver is strongly coupled with the equation of motion through Hamming's fourth-order predictor–corrector method, which allows computation of the interaction of a fluid with a moving structure. The accuracy, validity and efficiency of the proposed method are demonstrated by a series of validation cases, including flow past stationary and moving cylinders, both prescribed and freely vibrating. The numerical method reproduces fairly well the vibration of an elastically mounted cylinder subjected to a fluid flow. In particular, vibration amplitude as well as vibration frequency are computed quite accurately. In addition, the predicted vortex-induced cylinder vibration lock-in regime is in good agreement with laboratory experiments.
El patriota
Authors: Garzón Segura Anni Marcela
Published: May 2015

Aquel día, que pisé el aeropuerto, dije “esta es y siempre será mi patria”, sintiendo que salir de mi país, más que ser mi salvación, iba a representar mi muerte. A medida que llegaba a Madrid, todo me parecía extraño. Desde la ventana del avión veía esas montañas arenosas, feas, toscas, frías y no colombianas. Las calles me olían diferente, la gente me parecía diferente, la comida me sabía diferente; pero me tomó un tiempo reconocer que el diferente siempre fui yo.
Depressive Rumination and Social Problem Solving in Japanese University Students
Authors: Hasegawa Akira , Yoshida Takuya , Hattori Yosuke , Nishimura Haruki , Morimoto Hiroshi , Tanno Yoshihiko
Published: May 2015

The relationship between depressive rumination and dimensions of social problem solving were investigated in a Japanese, nonclinical population. University students (N = 227) completed the Beck Depression Inventory—Second Edition, Ruminative Responses Scale, Means-Ends Problem-Solving (MEPS) test, and Social Problem-Solving Inventory—Revised Short Version (SPSI-R:S). Results indicated that after controlling for depression, trait rumination, especially its brooding subcomponent, was positively correlated with negative problem orientation and avoidance style. Unexpectedly, trait rumination was weakly but positively associated with an effective problem-solving style, as assessed by the SPSI-R:S and MEPS. These findings suggest that one pathway through which rumination leads to depression in nonclinical populations could be through increasing negative problem orientation and avoidance problem-solving style. Results also suggested that reflection, compared to brooding, was positively associated with positive problem orientation and more strongly associated with rationale problem-solving style. These findings suggest that reflection leads to active problem solving.
Introducing Bridge Care: A Powerful Partnership Between Academia and Community
Authors: Sutter-Barrett Rebecca , Sutter-Dalrymple Caroline , Peppard Lora
Published: May 2015

Although it remains unclear how the Affordable Care Act will ultimately affect every community, it is clear that health care coverage in the United States is still lacking in 3 primary areas: (a) navigation of the system, (b) number of providers, and (c) cost of coverage. Academic institutions and communities offer substantial, untapped resources which can be shaped into an innovative solution when their strengths are united through a powerful, collaborative partnership. The primary purpose of this article is to describe a cutting edge health care model entitled Bridge Care, which unites community and academic resources to address deficits in health care provision across communities. The mission of Bridge Care is to improve access to health care for uninsured, underserved community residents and to provide nursing, health professional, and social services students education and training in the delivery of an interprofessional evidence-based health care model. Application of the model through the development of nurse-managed health centers in northern Virginia communities is described and discussed. Recommendations are made for application in other academic/community/clinical settings.
My Doctor of Nursing Practice Faculty Practice in Convenient Care: A Four-Year Journey
Authors: Lindenberg Julie A.
Published: May 2015

This commentary provides a summary of the key, autonomous role one Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) health care executive held in the relatively new clinical arena of the convenient care industry. The following provides an introduction to a developing professional practice model and an educational model for both family nurse practitioner and DNP students. Interdisciplinary practice is outlined, and clinical regulations and standards and legal and regulatory implications are discussed, not only in relation to NPs but as it relates to medical doctors (MDs) and physicians assistants (PAs) as well. The NP impact on patient and system outcomes will be presented, particularly as it relates to access, cost, patient satisfaction, quality, and safety. Finally, it concludes with a look at the current and future trends of services provided in this field of advanced practice nursing, including specific populations that may benefit from this approach to care delivery and the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on delivering comprehensive health services.
In‐Season Nitrogen Status Assessment and Yield Estimation Using Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices in a Potato Crop
Authors: Morier T. , Cambouris A. N. , Chokmani K.
Published: May 2015

The rate and timing of N applications are important issues in precision agriculture because of the within‐field spatial and temporal variability of soil N availability. In‐season assessment of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop N status (CNS) is required to better match N fertilizer supply to crop N demand and improve N use efficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of hyperspectral vegetation indices (HVIs) to assess the CNS and tuber yield of irrigated ‘Russet Burbank’ potato at different growth stages. A 2‐yr field experiment was conducted near Quebec City, QC, Canada, on plots receiving five different N rates ranging from 0 to 280 kg N ha−1, with 40% applied at planting and 60% at hilling. Entire plant samples were collected biweekly for determination of the N nutrition index (NNI) as the N status reference method. In‐field hyperspectral reflectance derived from a handheld spectroradiometer and using two fields of view (FOV; 7.5° and 25°) was obtained on several dates during both growing seasons. The sensitivity of the five HVIs most correlated to the NNI was evaluated by analyses of variance and least significant differences. It was found that HVIs computed from reflectance in the red‐edge spectral region and using a wider FOV were the most appropriate indices to detect potato crop N stress. Among these indices, the CI1red‐edge (red‐edge chlorophyll index 1) was the most sensitive to potato N content and could explain 76% of the variability in total tuber yield at 55 d after planting (DAP).