bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revitalising the self-sufficient household economy: the Social Land Programme in Hungary
Authors: Csoba Judit , Sipos Flórián
Published: September 2019

The authors introduce the Social Land Programmes, Hungary. Social Land Programmes aim to strengthen self-sufficiency and reduce reliance on social aid by helping people with no financial means to engage with small-scale agriculture. The case study investigated eight rural communities participating in a Social Land Programme. Innovative features include bottom up organisation designed and carried out locally (in contrast to top-down public employment programmes in Hungary). For local leaders, producing food and improving living standard are its main points. They also see various other benefits that include improving the social and physical environment and passing on positive role models within the family. However, they consider national goals of increased employment and self-sustainability to be over optimistic.
Social Investment in theory and praxis: a ‘quiet revolution’ in innovative local services?
Authors: Bassi Andrea , Baines Susan , Csoba Judit , Sipos Flórián
Published: September 2019

This final chapter draws together lessons from the ten thematic chapters of the book. The authors consider in particular the changing roles and responsibilities of different actors, and the heightened importance of the substantive economy. They also note some emerging evidence of ‘co-creation’, which implies profound changes in relationships between the state and the individual. Social justice rather than economic efficiency was typically the main local driver reported in the chapters. This street level view of Social Investment in practice is consistent with recent scholarly perspectives on it as a tool to enhance human capabilities and not only to increase productivity. The chapter concludes with reflections on the intersection of Social Investment with social innovation and some implications for decision makers and for front-line practitioners tasked with implementation.
Early childhood: The essential foundation
Authors: Boyden Jo , Dawes Andrew , Dornan Paul , Tredoux Colin
Published: September 2019

This chapter discusses the absolute importance of a good start in early childhood as the foundation for later human development. It focuses on two core development concerns: under-nutrition, and preschool circumstances and interventions. The Young Lives countries show progress in stunting reduction, notably in Peru where reducing under-nutrition has been given national importance. The ongoing prevalence of stunting nevertheless is a clear channel through which poverty in childhood results in disadvantaged development. Interventions to improve early childhood circumstances have been shown to work for the poorest children. Indeed, nutritional supplementation has been found to support healthy growth, especially for young children and poorer children. Interventions to support infants also have the potential to support mothers and primary caregivers. As these findings suggest, to ensure their survival, health, and development, young children need a multi-sectoral response.
Introduction and context
Authors: Duda-Mikulin Eva A.
Published: September 2019

The first chapter is purely theoretical and aims to set the scene and to convey the message that migration is important in our globalised world and that it is doubtful that it can be stopped. This first chapter introduces the reader to the context and the themes under exploration. I refer to the context of neoliberalism and neopopulism in the UK and globally, within which Brexit is occurring. I define international migration and its scale. Migration motivations are explored with reference to global inequality as one of the reasons, perhaps the most important reason, that people become mobile. The process of migration as a gendered experience is considered and women as migrants are brought to the fore. The complexity of terminology is examined by looking at the following terms: im/migrant, refugee, mobile person. In this chapter, I provide details of primary research data collection, participant recruitment, sample characteristics and data analysis. An outline of remaining chapters is also included.
The Road to Empowerment
Authors: Blears Hazel , Blunkett David
Published: September 2019

This chapter examines two distinct approaches which have been applied to the development of community empowerment and regeneration. It argues that the top-down ‘statist’ approach does not give citizens the confidence or control they need. By contrast, the second approach aims to build on the assets and strengths of existing communities, work with people to develop their own solutions, and use the powers and resources of local and national government and public authorities to develop and support local leaders. Its goal is not to be reduced to individuals being satisfied with what the public sector does for them, but a real partnership between citizens and the state with mutual respect and understanding, which reinforces active citizenship and engagement. The co-authors draw on their experience as policy advocates and Secretaries of State in the UK government during the 2000s in reviewing examples of major public policy development relating to civil renewal and community development, and explaining why some have succeeded while others failed.
Improving Citizenship Education
Authors: Weinberg James , Flinders Matthew
Published: September 2019

The chapter begins with a review of the existing research and data on the impact of citizenship education globally in order to reveal the existence of particular correlations with socio-political outcomes. It points out that the positive potential of citizenship education for democracy relies heavily on the interaction of distinct macro, meso, and micro level factors. It takes the UK, with the Bernard Crick-led introduction of citizenship education into the curriculum, as a specific case study. It identifies a gap between the original vision and the delivered reality; a shift from the radical potential of citizenship education to its evisceration by a government that has different political priorities; and a series of practical problems from a lack of teacher training to the prerogatives of competing policies such as Prevent, which have limited school interest in the subject as well as their capacity to teach it effectively. The chapter concludes with observations on the broader implications and insights of this focus on citizenship education and suggests a number of ways in which the barriers and blockages identified might be circumvented.
Bare Life in Contemporary Mexico: Everyday Violence and Folk Saints
Authors: Park Jungwon
Published: September 2019

Popular religion is frequently considered as the remains of “pre-modern” times. To some it may seem anachronistic in an era of highly developed technologies and urban life styles. However, in Mexican society, new types of religious practices and the devotion to secular saints are associated with the drug world and the informal sector at the margins of urban life. These new forms of popular religion are a sign of a changing Mexican society that has been deeply impacted by globalization and neoliberal economics. This paper explores this contemporary religious phenomenon by using Giorgio Agamben’s notion of “bare life”. The worship of Jesús Malverde, La Santa Muerte and other laic figures is gaining popularity among those who are abandoned by the mainstream and involved in the informal sector, where they remain exposed to danger and violence and abandoned by the law. The role of new religious icons is to provide protection, identification and a sense of community without authorization by the Catholic Church the traditional system of Christianity. Practitioners of these forms of popular religion may be accused of justifying illicit activities and reproducing the culture of fear and everyday violence. This study discusses these controversial practice in order to examine a social environment in which the informal sectors have been condemned illegality while nonetheless constructing their own culture, identity and ways of life.
Introduction
Authors: Humphris Rachel
Published: September 2019

It is after six o’clock on a sunny June evening in Luton, a town 30 miles north of London, UK, in 2013. I am in a downstairs room of a small dilapidated Victorian terraced house on a street where many houses have boarded-up windows. Two social workers, Sarah and Rodney, are sitting on chairs near the doorway that separates this small room from the other downstairs room, which is being used a bedroom. Catalina, a migrant mother from Romania who arrived four months earlier with her family to find work, sits on her low stool next to the kitchen. Her long skirt flows onto the floor. She has seven children who were born in Stuttgart, Brussels and Buenos Aires. Radu, her husband, sits opposite her with the best view of the kitchen, the back door, and of the large TV, precariously placed on a window sill, that is playing Nicolae Guță, a popular Manele...
Interlude | Disappearing Dinni
Authors: Humphris Rachel
Published: September 2019

It is a Friday morning in May 2013 and Dan has risen very early. I hear the front door slam at around 5:30. I gradually fall asleep, trying to ignore the rats running through the walls and in the bathroom next door. I know that Dan is on his way to London to pick up someone from Victoria coach station in London because, about two weeks ago, I went with Cristina to Western Union to transfer money to an address in Moldavia. She told me it was to pay the coach fare for a lady to come to the house. When I asked exactly who, she replied a lady who was Dan’s sister but only ‘half-half’ (pash pash). At around 11 o’clock Dan returns accompanied by Dinni, a small lady who looks as though she could be around 50. Her face is tanned and rough as though she had been working outdoors for a long time and she is wearing a headscarf. She looks visibly tired and after being hugged by Cristina with “Peace, my sister” (...
Community Safety Officers and the British Invasion: Community Policing Frontiers
Authors: Lippert Randy K. , Walby Kevin
Published: September 2019

This chapter examines community safety officers (CSOs), transitional agents who are linked to public police, and more broadly considers community policing frontiers. CSOs have been prominent local security providers in the UK, Australia, and elsewhere for two decades. In the UK, CSOs and related neighbourhood policing emerged from reassurance policing that was partially influenced by earlier US ideas on community policing. Currently in the UK, austerity is challenging the continuation of these kinds of policing, and yet these models are influencing developments beyond its borders. Examining recent establishment of CSOs in cities in Western Canada, the chapter then engages in international comparative research at the frontier of community policing. It analyses freedom of information disclosures and policy documents to demonstrate that CSO establishment in Canada has not involved a straightforward transfer of criminal justice policy from the UK.
Diversity, radicalization and populism
Authors: Boutellier Hans
Published: September 2019

The rise of populism is the result of a combination of two worries of people and their accompanying discourses: crime and security; and immigration and nationality. The growing tension between communities is fuelled by Islamist terrorism with a geopolitical background. This chapter deals with the issue of migration and integration of minorities, because it is directly related to the issue of moral order. It sketches the Dutch situation on this issue, including some facts and the public debate. It uses this case study to discuss the governance of a super-diverse society. The chapter then goes into detail on violent radicalization of Islamic youngsters and of nationalist groups.
Assessing farmers' perspective on antibiotic usage and management practices in small-scale layer farms of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdous Jannatul , Sachi Sabbya , Al Noman Zakaria , Hussani S. M. Azizul Karim , Sarker Yousuf Ali , Sikder Mahmudul Hasan
Published: September 2019

Background and Aim: Indiscriminate and injudicious use of antibiotics in layer farms is a common practice of Bangladesh for the compensation of Poor management practices and ignorance. Despite this scenario, there is no published documentation on antibiotic usage pattern and farm management practices in layer farms. This study was undertaken to understand the farmers' perspective in small-scale layer farms regarding antibiotics usage and farm management.

Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 120 small-scale layer farms of Mymensingh district during January-February 2017. We only considered farms in production. Data were analyzed on antibiotic usage, purpose, egg management, understanding of antibiotic residue, withdrawal period, and other issues.

Results: Among 120 farmers, about 94.16% of farmers are using antibiotics without respecting the withdrawal period. Only 39.1% of farmers possess knowledge of residues. In our surveyed farms, 91.83% of farmers are not practicing egg washing before supplying to the market and 52.67% of farmers are unaware of cleaning and disinfection of egg tray. Ten different types of antibiotics of seven classes have found in the survey. Most antibiotics are in the Watch (49%) and Reserve (8%) groups according to the WHO AWaRe categorization and 73% antibiotics are critically important for human medicine and are considered as last resort.

Conclusion: This study found that due to the lack of knowledge and poor management, farmers consider using antibiotics as the most effective practices to control disease and enhancement of egg production. These indiscriminate uses of antibiotics are responsible for antibiotic residual and resistance problem. Here, we also provide some suggestion and guidelines to improve management practices to minimize the emerging problems of antimicrobial resistance through small-scale layer farms.
The Implications of the Hungarian Nation Policy in Central Europe Since 1989: Between Tension and Integration
Authors: Royer Laura
Published: September 2019

To download this paper, please, click here. 
Since its democratic transition in the early nineties, Hungary has developed a foreign policy strategy, directed at Hungarian minorities abroad, known as ‘nation policy’ (nemzetpolitika). This nation policy can be conceptualised as a set of symbolic, financial, and political measures, and discourses directed at the Hungarian historical communities residing outside of the Hungarian state, aiming to strengthen Hungarian culture, language and influence in the Carpathian Basin.
In this paper, I seek to set out and analyse the implications of the Hungarian nation policy in Central Europe. After providing historical and conceptual background, I will argue that the Hungarian nation policy has in fact had contradictory outcomes in Central Europe, sometimesleading to confrontation with Hungary’s neighbours, while at other times instigating dialogue, integration and development. Ultimately, I will call upon critical perspectives, highlighting the challenges and limits of this governmental strategy.
Childhood Lost: Children of the Leningrad Blockade
Authors: Zakharov Mikael
Published: September 2019

To download this paper, please, click here.

My essay explores the impact the blockade of Leningrad had on childhood experience and development. I argue that the blockade had a profound effect on the mental and physical development of children. Many children were forced to grow up ahead of their years and take on adult responsibilities. Family roles were reversed as children worked in order to support their family and became caregivers for their parents. In other words, children were thrust into the unknown world of adulthood ahead of their time, skipping a vital developmental stage. Starvation affected the physical development of children by delaying puberty and stunting growth. For my research, I relied heavily on the diaries and memoirs of children who lived through the siege of Leningrad. In total I used 26 diaries and ten memoirs, as well as a large number of secondary sources. Diaries provide an interesting and personal take on the blockade.
Days in the Caucasus (2019)
Authors: Dadashova Shafag
Published: September 2019

To download this review, please, click here.
La enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales a partir de problemas sociales o temas controvertidos: estado de la cuestión y resultados de una investigación
Authors: Santisteban Fernández Antoni
Published: September 2019

La enseñanza de las ciencias sociales a partir de problemas sociales tiene su origen en las propuestas de Dewey, que fueron aplicadas, en especial, en los cursos de historia de los años 50 y 60 del siglo pasado. Posteriormente se diferenciaron dos líneas de enseñanza e investigación. Una línea centrada en el proceso o la metodología, cercana al aprendizaje basado en problemas, como las situaciones-problema desarrolladas principalmente en Canadá y Francia, y los trabajos sobre el laboratorio de historia o geografía, desarrollada en Italia.Otra opción se fundamenta en la teoría crítica y se centra en el conocimiento, ya que considera que los contenidos de historia y ciencias sociales son los problemas sociales relevantes o temas controvertidos, denominación con que se traducen las propuestas de los estudios sociales críticos de EE. UU. En Francia aparece una corriente posterior, en los primeros años del presente siglo, que también podemos relacionar con la teoría crítica, con el nombre de cuestiones socialmente vivas.En el grupo de investigación GREDICS hemos investigado sobre la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales a partir de problemas sociales relevantes o cuestiones socialmente vivas. En este caso, presentamos los resultados de una investigación que pretende analizar el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico de alumnado de educación secundaria, a partir de la implementación de una secuencia didáctica donde se trabaja un tema controvertido.
La educación patrimonial, una cuestión de futuro. Reflexiones sobre el valor del patrimonio para seguir avanzando hacia una ciudadanía crítica
Authors: González-Monfort Neus
Published: September 2019

El patrimonio está presente en el entorno. Se convive con él. Está ahí. Se consume. Se disfruta. Se mira. Pero ¿se es consciente de por qué está ahí? ¿cómo ha llegado hasta el presente? ¿quién decidió que se conservara? ¿y cómo se hizo? ¿por qué se continúa preservando? ¿qué aporta? ¿qué función tendrá en el futuro? ¿las generaciones futuras querrán respetarlo y mantenerlo?A veces estas preguntas, aparentemente fáciles, no tienen una respuesta simple. E incluso no se formulan o no se plantean. Pero, todo el mundo sabe qué es el patrimonio, qué función cumple, y se queja de que no haya más, de que no se conserven más elementos.El objetivo de este ensayo es mostrar la evolución que ha tenido el concepto de patrimonio y su valor educativo en los últimos años, y cómo actualmente se vincula intrínsecamente con la educación para una ciudadanía crítica y el aprendizaje para el futuro.Empezar diciendo que el patrimonio tiene más futuro que pasado, a veces causa cierta extrañeza. Afirmar que, si el patrimonio no tiene futuro deja de ser patrimonio, suele sorprender. Comentar que al igual que se ‘patrimonializa’ también se puede ‘despatrimonializar’, y que como verbo se puede conjugar en todas las personas y tiempos existentes (pasado, presente y futuro), suele generar dudas.Estudiar el patrimonio es una estrategia educativa muy potente para aprender a reflexionar sobre la construcción de nuestras identidades y sobre las decisiones que tomamos como protagonistas de una sociedad.
El cine como propuesta pedagógica en el alumnado del Grado de Maestro en Educación Primaria
Authors: López Serrano Miguel Jesús
Published: September 2019

El presente estudio analiza el desarrollo y el uso didáctico que tienen en la actualidad los recursos cinematográficos para los alumnos y alumnas del Grado de Magisterio de Educación Primaria en sus labores pedagógicas desde la perspectiva de futuros docentes. Creemos que un recurso educativo como el cine tiene un gran potencial para fomentar la cultura, el patrimonio cultural, así como una serie de valores cívicos y sociales. Es por ello que se han analizado una serie de variables cuyo objetivo es intentar comprender y dar respuestas a cuestiones que van desde la formación del profesorado en cinematografía, el uso de recursos audiovisuales en el aula, los equipamientos existentes, etc.Los resultados obtenidos han evidenciado la buena aceptación por parte del alumnado universitario a la incorporación de este tipo de herramientas pedagógicas en las tareas educativas del aula a pesar, no obstante, de la escasa planificación y dotación de recursos que hay para optimizar esta práctica docente en la actualidad.
Os anos 1980 e as avaliações em larga escala como fenômeno histórico
Authors: Esquinsani Rosimar Serena Siqueira
Published: September 2019

Atualmente, as avaliações em larga escala constituem-se em uma das ações mais efetivas na definição dos rumos da educação no Brasil. Mas, qual o cenário histórico de surgimento das avaliações em larga escala e quais as implicações de tal cenário para o fortalecimento dessas avaliações? Como tal ação chegou a consubstanciar-se em diretriz política na atualidade? A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica pautada por metodologia analítico-reconstrutiva, o texto assume que as avaliações em larga escala brotam como fenômenos datados e históricos especialmente a partir dos anos 1980. Neste sentido, objetiva discutir circunstancial e historicamente os anos 1980 como cenário de preparação para as reformas dos anos 1990 que incluíram também o surgimento das avaliações em larga escala, tangenciando dois posicionamentos: a) as avaliações em larga escala como agenda internacional que materializaram, no campo das políticas educacionais, uma tendência ideológica referenciada e fortalecida na instalação e ampliação do Estado avaliador, e b) as avaliações em larga escala como uma contingência da realidade educacional vigente. Como conclusão, assume-se que o contexto histórico dos anos 1980 representou, por um lado, a sustentação ideológica para as avaliações referidas e, por outro lado, promoveu a justificativa social para os emergentes mecanismos de avaliação em larga escala.
La responsabilidad social empresarial: aportes del padre Alberto Hurtado en Chile
Authors: Caiceo Escudero Jaime
Published: September 2019

Desde mediados del siglo pasado se comenzó a acuñar el concepto de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial –RSE–, el cual paulatinamente se ha ido precisando e introduciendo en él las nuevas necesidades y problemas de la cambiante sociedad actual.Sin embargo, en 1947 el P. Alberto Hurtado fundó la Asociación Sindical Chilena –ASICH– con la intención de formar a futuros dirigentes sindicales del país con un pensamiento social cristiano, inspirado en la Doctrina Social de la Iglesia Católica; allí no solo se entregaban los principios propios del sindicalismo sino que también los elementos que debían tener las empresas para que fueran justas con sus trabajadores; en el fondo, se estaban poniendo las bases de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial.A la luz de lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo es aportar la visión cristiana que ha tenido en Chile la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial.
Solution and stability of an n-dimensional functional equation
Authors: Pinelas Sandra , Govindan V. , Tamilvanan K.
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we prove the general solution and generalized Hyers–Ulam stability of n-dimensional functional equations of the form

∑

i
=
1

i
≠
j
≠
k

n

f
⁢

(

-

x
i

-

x
j

-

x
k

+

∑

l
=
1

l
≠
i
≠
j
≠
k

n

x
l

)

=

(

n
3

-

9
⁢

n
2

+

20
⁢
n

-
12

6

)

⁢

∑

i
=
1

n

f
⁢

(

x
i

)

,

\sum_{\begin{subarray}{c}i=1\\
i\neq j\neq k\end{subarray}}^{n}f\biggl{(}-x_{i}-x_{j}-x_{k}+\sum_{%
\begin{subarray}{c}l=1\\
l\neq i\neq j\neq k\end{subarray}}^{n}x_{l}\biggr{)}=\biggl{(}\frac{n^{3}-9n^{%
2}+20n-12}{6}\biggr{)}\sum_{i=1}^{n}f(x_{i}),

where n is a fixed positive integer with

ℕ
-

{
0
,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
}

\mathbb{N}-\{0,1,2,3,4\}

, in a Banach space via direct and fixed point methods.
Microgrid Operation Optimization Considering Storage Devices, Electricity Transactions and Reserve
Authors: Fan Wen , Liao Yuan
Published: September 2019

This paper presents a new method for optimizing the operation of a microgrid, which minimizes the operating cost or maximizes solar generation of the microgrid. The microgrid consists of loads, storage devices, and distributed generations. The generation cost, capacity, ramp up and down rate, and minimum up and down time for each generator are considered. Characteristics of storage devices including charging and discharging rate, capacity, and charging and discharging efficiency are modelled. The microgrid can sell or buy electricity from the area electrical power system. A novel method for modeling system reserve requirement with storage devices is presented. The optimal schedule of generation and storage resources in the microgrid including on or off status of generators and optimal dispatch, and charging and discharging status and rate of storage devices is determined. The paper provides versatile strategies through different optimization formulations such as optimal storage sizing for operators to reduce solar generation curtailment due to duck curve phenomena. In this research, without losing generality, the simulation horizon is 24 hours day ahead, and simulation resolution is one hour. The optimization problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem. Case study results are reported.
Improving detectability of the harvest mouse (Micromys minutus Pallas, 1771) by above ground live-trapping
Authors: Darinot Fabrice
Published: September 2019

Harvest mouse detectability represents a real issue for surveys, as usual ground-trap monitoring is known to fail to detect this species, especially in summer. The present study proposes to test ground versus aerial live-trapping efficiency for harvest mouse in summer, with a trapping design using paired ground and aerial traps over a 2-year survey in a reedbed. Over 10,720 trap-nights, the harvest mouse represented 85% of the 1078 small mammals captured, and it was the only species among five which was more often trapped above ground (n = 702) than on the ground (n = 213). Capture probability was significantly higher in aerial than in ground traps, with a slightly positive effect of leaf litter and, surprisingly, a negative effect of dense vegetation cover. Following these results, recommendations are made for harvest mouse monitoring.
Excited radical anions and excited anions in visible light photoredox catalysis
Authors: Ghosh Indrajit
Published: September 2019

Over the last decade, visible light photocatalysis has dramatically increased the arsenal of methods for organic synthesis and changed the way we activate molecules for chemical reactions. Polypyridyl transition metal complexes, redox-active organic dyes, and inorganic semiconductors are typically used as photocatalysts for such transformations. This chapter reviews the applications of radical anions and anions as photosensitizers in visible light photoredox catalysis.
The relationship between patient factors and the refusal of analgesics in adult Emergency Department patients with extremity injuries, a case-control study
Authors: Ridderikhof Milan L. , Lodder Donica V. , Van Dieren Susan , Lirk Philipp , Goddijn Helma , Goslings J. Carel , Hollmann Markus W.
Published: September 2019

Background and aims

Previous studies have described the phenomenon of oligo-analgesia in Emergency Department patients with traumatic injuries, despite the high prevalence of pain among these patients. Besides aspects related to health care staff, patient related factors might also play a role in suboptimal pain treatment, however evidence is scarce. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate patient related factors in adult patients refusing offered analgesics during an Emergency Department presentation with extremity injuries.

Methods

This was a case control study in the Emergency Department of a level 1 Trauma Centre. Cases were defined as adult patients with an extremity injury who declined analgesia, when offered. They were matched to controls from the same population, who accepted analgesics, in a 1:2 ratio using gender as matching variable. Primary outcome was difference in NRS pain score. Secondary outcomes were the relationship between categorical severity of pain scores and refusal of analgesics, exploration of independent predictors of analgesia refusal utilizing multivariate logistic regression and the evaluation of eight beliefs among patients who refuse analgesics.

Results

Between August 1st and 31st 2016, a total of 253 patients were eligible for inclusion of whom 55 declined analgesic treatment. They were included as cases and matched to 110 controls. Difference in median NRS pain score was significant between the groups: 5.0 (IQR 3.0–8.0) vs. 8.0 (IQR 6.0–9.0), respectively (p < 0.01). Nearly 20% of patients with severe pain declined analgesics, compared to 41% with moderate and 69% with mild pain (p < 0.01). The NRS pain score was the only independent predictor of refusal of analgesic treatment with a mean Odds Ratio of 0.67 (95%-CI 0.54–0.83). Most common patients’ beliefs were that pain medication should be used in extreme pain only, fear of decreasing the doctor’s ability to judge the injury and fear of addiction to analgesics.

Conclusions

Pain severity is the single independent predictor of refusal of analgesia, however the following patient beliefs are important as well: pain medication should be used in extreme pain only; fear of decreasing the doctor’s ability to judge the injury and the fear of becoming addicted to pain medication.

Implications

In case patients refuse offered analgesics, the health care provider should actively address patient beliefs that might exist and lead to suboptimal pain treatment.
E-mobility and Sustainable Tourism Transport in Remote Areas
Authors: Scuttari Anna , Isetti Giulia
Published: September 2019

Im Diskurs über Nachhaltigkeitsaspekte im Tourismus sind Mobilitätsfragen von zentraler Bedeutung. Der Übergang zu einem nachhaltigen und integrierten Verkehrskonzept sollte sowohl das Management des öffentlichen Verkehrs, der aktiven Verkehrsteilnehmer (Fußgänger und Fahrradfahrer) als auch das Management der Elektromobilität einbeziehen. Die explorative Fallstudie in einer alpinen Region in Norditalien (Südtirol) untersucht, welches Potenzial der Elektromobilität im Hinblick auf die Gewährleistung oder sogar Steigerung der Nachhaltigkeitsorientierung von Tourismusdestinationen in abgelegenen Gebieten zukommt. Um die Rahmenbedingungen sowie die touristische Einstellung zur Entwicklung der Elektromobilität zu beurteilen, wurden Nachfrage- und Angebotsperspektiven kombiniert. Eine sekundäre Datenanalyse gibt Aufschluss über die Entwicklung von Strategien und die Bereitstellung von Ladeinfrastrukturen für eine lokale Verbesserung der Elektromobilität. Darüber hinaus wurde eine Online-Befragung durchgeführt, um Verhaltensinformationen zur Einstellung der Besucher in Bezug auf die Elektromobilität im Allgemeinen sowie vor Ort zu sammeln. Hierzu wurden mittels einer zielgerichteten Stichprobe mehr als 1.000 Touristen ausgewählt, die das Gebiet bereits besucht haben. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse geben Aufschluss über wahrgenommene Barrieren und Desiderata, was die Weiterentwicklung von E-Tourismus-Angeboten anbelangt. Sie unterstreichen außerdem das Potenzial der Destination, die E-Mobilitätsinfrastruktur als Instrument für Produkt- und Marktinnovation im Tourismus zu nutzen.
Touristische Aktionsräume und die Wahrnehmung von Crowding
Authors: Reif Julian
Published: September 2019

Im Zuge der vielfältigen Diskussionen um eine touristische Übernutzung von Städten liegen kaum Untersuchungen über den Tagestourismus vor. Insbesondere über intradestinationale Aktionsräume und die damit in Verbindung stehende Wahrnehmung von anderen Menschen im Stadtraum gibt es – im Gegenteil zu Studien über die Tourismusakzeptanz aufseiten der Einwohner – wenig empirische Befunde aus touristischer Perspektive. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es Ziel des Beitrages, Erkenntnisse über die Bewegungsmuster und die Wahrnehmung von anderen Stadtnutzern von Tagestouristen in Hamburg zu gewinnen. Dafür wurden die Aktionsräume mithilfe eines GPS-Trackers gemessen und durch einen Fragebogen die Wahrnehmung von Crowding ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine deutliche Konzentration des tagestouristischen Raum-Zeit-Konsums im Hamburger Central Business District. Andere Stadtnutzer werden zwar wahrgenommen, haben jedoch kaum Einfluss auf das aktionsräumliche Handeln vor Ort. Das positive Crowding überwiegt deutlich. Durch die Kombination von Aktionsräumen und der Wahrnehmung von Crowding können zwei Kernzonen in Hamburg identifiziert werden, die im Rahmen einer sozial verträglichen Tourismus- und Stadtentwicklung bevorzugt behandelt werden sollten.
The Lambert W Function: A Newcomer in the Cosmology Class?
Authors: Saha Subhajit , Bamba Kazuharu
Published: September 2019

We propose a novel equation of state (EoS) which explains the evolutionary history of a flat Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker universe. The uniqueness of this EoS lies in the fact that it incorporates the Lambert W function in a special fashion. It is explicitly demonstrated that with observationally relevant values of the unknown parameters ϑ
1 and ϑ
2, all the evolutionary phases of the universe can be reproduced. Moreover, it also shows that the initial singularity is unavoidable and asserts that the late-time acceleration of the universe would continue forever.
Measurement Properties and Feasibility of Repeated Sprint Ability Test: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lopes-Silva João Paulo , Ferreira da Silva Santos Jonatas , Abbiss Chris R. , Franchini Emerson
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the research methodological quality, measurement properties, and feasibility of repeated sprint ability tests. Results showed that testretest absolute and relative reliability was very large to nearly perfect for total work and best sprint performance. However, the fatigue index presented a weak absolute and relative reliability. Total sprint time was able to discriminate performance between player positions, competitive levels, and season phases, whereas the best sprint performance distinguished the competitive levels and playing positions. Total sprint and best sprint time were correlated with the sum of peak speed and neuromuscular measures.
Thermomechanical Triaxial Cell for Rate-Controlled Heating-Cooling Cycles
Authors: Jaradat Karam A. , Abdelaziz Sherif L.
Published: September 2019

This article presents the development, calibration, and performance of a triaxial cell developed to study the thermomechanical behavior of soils under controlled heating and cooling rates and sinusoidal temperature changes mimicking real field conditions. This cell uses bipolar thermo-electrical devices to fully control the applied thermal loads. The cell can accommodate specimens up to 75 mm in diameter with a height-to-diameter ratio of 2 to 2.5. Tested soil specimens can be subjected to temperatures ranging from −5°C to 70°C with the specimen temperature change rate ranging from ±0.001°C/min and ±0.4°C/min. First, the modifications implemented on a conventional triaxial cell are presented to facilitate controlling of the boundary temperature applied to the specimen and the applied heating/cooling rates. Then, the thermal calibrations of the modified triaxial cell under different isotropic stresses and temperatures in drained and undrained conditions are presented. Finally, the capabilities of the modified triaxial cell are demonstrated using a thermomechanical test on a remolded kaolinite clay subjected to a drained heating-cooling cycle. The specimen was saturated and consolidated under 500 kPa confining stress at 20°C; then it was subjected to a drained thermal cycle (20 – 70 – 10 – 20°C) using a temperature change rate of ±0.1°C/min. Upon completing the thermal cycle, the specimen was sheared under undrained conditions at 20°C. The results of this test show a thermally induced contractive plastic volume change agreeing with the thermomechanical behavior of saturated normally consolidated clays in the literature. Furthermore, the drained heating-cooling cycle caused a dramatic increase in the undrained shear strength compared to the value measured at 20°C.
DEVELOPING SPEECH PERCEPTION SKILLS FOR BETTER LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Authors: BILIANSKA Iryna
Published: September 2019

This article provides arguments for incorporating bottom-up practice activities into listening instruction at university EFL classroom. It begins with a brief overview of the current research into listening, followed by a review of main processing components involved in speech comprehension. Also, the paper discusses Ukrainian pre-service teachers’ major listening difficulties and reasons which prevent them from developing listening fluency in English. The role of the speech processor in the process of teaching listening comprehension has been determined. Psycholinguistic peculiarities of its development are discussed. It is proved that a well-developed L2 speech processor will ensure adequate perception of foreign speech and auditory self-control of one’s own articulation. Activities for enriching Ukrainian university students’ L2 perceptual experience (transcribing, noticing exercises) and training their L2 pronunciation (reading aloud, shadow reading) are suggested. Finally, it is concluded that improvement in speech perception makes listening process increasingly automatic, which in turn makes the development of top-down listening skills more effective.
EDUCATION IN WOMEN’S GALICIAN INCOMPLETE SECONDARY SCHOOLS: METHODICAL ASPECTS (LATE 19th – EARLY 20th CENTURIES)
Authors: SIVKOVYCH Halyna , BOICHUK Alla , TYTUN Oksana
Published: September 2019

The article presents the main aspects of the organization and the content of educational procedures in incomplete secondary schools for women in Galicia (late 19th – early 20th centuries). The authors show that the organization of educational activity in incomplete secondary schools for women was regulated by the state, regional, and land legislative and normative acts. They reveal the main directions, forms and methods of girls’ education at these types of institutions; analyze their curricula, programs and regulations. Special attention is paid to “female” subjects (women’s handicraft, housekeeping, hygiene) and establishment of distinct forms of national, religious, moral education of girls.
УМОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА У ЗАКЛАДАХ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ (ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНОЇ) ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: STOYCHYK Tetyana
Published: September 2019

У статті визначені основні суб’єкти соціального партнерства, розглянуті передумови його ефективного функціонування. Автор виділяє основні та додаткові умови формування і забезпечення таких основних характеристик ефективного соціального партнерства, як: забезпечення високої якості підготовки фахівців за професією, спеціальністю; запровадження нових професій, спеціальностей за запитом суспільства; контрактна форма реалізації партнерських взаємин;  удосконалення процедури проходження виробничої та переддипломної практики здобувачів освіти, створення спільних інформаційних центрів, інформатизація економіки. Обґрунтовується основа для подальших наукових досліджень.
Desafíos provenientes de la experimentación estética para la práctica de la enfermería en el hospital psiquiátrico
Authors: Elias Andréa Damiana da Silva , De Melo Tavares Cláudia Mara , Eleutério Ferreira Rejane
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Investigamos el potencial del cuerpo de las enfermeras en el cuidado de personas internadas en el hospital psiquiátrico. Partimos del supuesto de que a través de experimentos estéticos con el cuerpo las enfermeras pueden intensificar modos de existencia en el cuidado, vislumbrando nuevas posibilidades de desempeñarse profesionalmente. El objetivo del estudio es analizar los desafíos para la práctica de la enfermería psiquiátrica con base en experimentos creativos con el cuerpo. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, de enfoque socio-poético, realizada en 2017. Los datos se produjeron a través del dispositivo grupo-investigador y del uso de técnicas artísticas, conformado por siete enfermeras de un hospital psiquiátrico del Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Analizados por categorización global según la sociopoética. Resultados: Los datos demostraron un distanciamiento de las enfermeras de las prácticas propias del campo psicosocial, desesperanza en la mejora de la condición de salud del usuario y el potencial de los experimentos estéticos de generar innovación en el cuidado de enfermería. Discusión: Las categorías dialogaron con el referencial teórico de Collière, a saber: 1) el poder reducirse en el cuidado; 2) el poder movilizarse en el cuidado; 3) el poder desenvolverse en el cuidado. Conclusiones: Se concluye que existe una indefinición en cuanto a los quehaceres de la enfermería en el hospital psiquiátrico y la disposición de las enfermeras de cambiar/crear sus prácticas a la luz de una clínica que valore a la persona internada como ciudadano. 
Como citar este artículo: Elias AD, Tavares CM, Ferreira RE. Desafios provenientes da experimentação estética para prática de enfermagem no hospital psiquiátrico. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e629. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.629
Sobrecarga y apoyos en el cuidador familiar de pacientes con enfermedad crónica
Authors: Campos de Aldana María Stella , Durán Niño Erika Yurley , Rivera Carvajal Raquel , Páez Esteban Astrid Nathalia , Carrillo Gonzales Gloria Mabel
Published: September 2019

Introducción: En el presente siglo se evidencia un incremento de la enfermedad crónica no trasmisible a nivel mundial, los pacientes presentan patologías con mayor duración y complejidad generando dependencia, requiriendo de un cuidador en el hogar; necesitando contar con diferentes para mejorar la competencia de cuidar. Objetivo: Identificar los medios de apoyo que utiliza el cuidador familiar de paciente con patología crónica no trasmisible y su relación con el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidado. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, transversal y analítico, aplicando los instrumentos de “caracterización diada paciente-cuidador y la Encuesta de Percepción de Sobrecarga del Cuidador de Zarit”. La población correspondió a 62 Diadas. Se calcularon OR en regresión logística. Resultados: El 19.35% (12) de los cuidadores presentaban un nivel de sobrecarga intensa, el 20.97%(13) leve y el 59.68%(37) no tenían sobrecarga. Los cuidadores con sobrecarga intensa refieren 0% de apoyo psicológico y social. Las variables relevantes en el nivel de sobrecarga fueron las horas diarias de cuidado OR = 1.14 (IC 95%: 1.01; 1.33), a mayor nivel de conocimiento del computador disminuye la posibilidad de aumento en el nivel de sobrecarga con OR crudo= 0.14 (IC95%: 0.02; 0.91) y OR ajustado = 0.07 (IC95%: 0.007; 0.68).  Discusión: Es básico continuar indagando en aspectos que permitan disminuir la sobrecarga del cuidador, mantenerlo sano y en condiciones para su rol. Conclusiones: Es necesario fortalecer los diferentes medios de apoyos en el cuidador familiar para disminuir el nivel de sobrecarga relacionada con su tarea. Como citar este artículo: Campos MS, Durán EY, Rivera R, Páez N, Carrillo G. Sobrecarga y apoyos en el cuidador familiar de pacientes con enfermedad crónica. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e649. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.649
Cambio climático algunos aspectos a considerar para la supervivencia del ser vivo: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Bastidas Pacheco Gilberto Antonio , Hernández Rafael
Published: September 2019

Introducción: La problemática del cambio climático global que experimenta el planeta debe ser continuamente mostrada con el propósito de lograr en los países una visión objetiva y coherente y facilitar el desarrollo de planes y políticas de manejo medio ambiental. El objetivo fue proporcionar de forma consolidada y actualizada información sobre cambio climático a considerar en la toma de conciencia sobre su efecto para la supervivencia. Materiales y Métodos: Se basó en la revisión de literatura sobre aspectos del cambio climático en la supervivencia de la vida en la tierra, para ello se recurrió a bases de datos físicas (bibliotecas) y virtuales (Bireme/OPS, Medline, PudMed, Scielo). Resultados: De la revisión destacan cinco elementos claves: La evidencia del cambio climático; el cambio climático y su construcción mediática; el clima, su cambio y efecto sobre la salud; la política global y cambio climático; y los ecosistemas en materia de conservación en América Latina. Discusión: El cambio climático tiene un amplio cuerpo teórico de cimiento que debe presentarse de forma concisa y actualizada en procura de favorecer la toma de decisiones en la mitigación y adaptación de los efectos adversos que de él se deriva para la supervivencia de la vida en la tierra. Conclusiones: Toda acción de prevención, mitigación o adaptación a cambio climáticos requiere de información actual con el fin de garantizar el éxito una vez instauradas, debido a la diversidad de impactos y vulnerabilidad que tienen las poblaciones en distintas regiones del mundo.
Como citar este artículo: Bastidas GA, Hernández R. Cambio climático algunos aspectos a considerar para la supervivencia del ser vivo: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e664. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.664
Características socioculturales y de salud asociadas a enfermedad coronaria en mujeres. Estudio caso-control
Authors: Narváez - Eraso Carmen Ofelia , Díaz - Delgado Alexander Efrain , Berbesi Fernandez Dedsy Yahaira
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares se constituyen un problema de salud pública, dentro de este grupo, la enfermedad coronaria ha mostrado incrementos especialmente en la prevalencia para infarto agudo de miocardio en mujeres de 35-54 años.  La organización mundial de la salud propone estudiar el problema desde las diferencias regionales para encontrar soluciones al asunto. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre características socioculturales y de salud con la enfermedad coronaria en mujeres de Nariño. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de casos (mujeres con enfermedad coronaria) y controles (mujeres sin enfermedad coronaria) atendidas en instituciones de referencia para el departamento de Nariño. La muestra estuvo conformada por 35 casos y 105 controles por muestreo no probabilístico. Resultados: Características como: ser fumadora, hipertensa y vivir en el área urbana mostraron mayor asociación con la enfermedad coronaria: Odd ratios= 21,11; IC 95% 3,97-112,26 y Odd ratios= 9,47; IC 95% 2,87-31,23 respectivamente. Se destaca la proporción de mujeres con enfermedad coronaria que culturalmente se caracterizan por callar su enfermedad para no preocupar. Discusión: Ser fumadora e hipertensa se constituyen en determinantes para desarrollar enfermedad coronaria, situaciones que pueden ser inducidas por situaciones familiares, sociales, culturales, ocupacionales que la mujer debe enfrentar. Conclusiones: La mujer con enfermedad coronaria se caracterizó por ser fumadora, hipertensa y vivir en el área urbana, lo anterior muestra que es necesario generar estrategias específicas de prevención y control en la mujer.
Como citar este artículo: Narváez-Eraso C, Díaz-Delgado A, Berbesi-Fernández D. Características socioculturales y de salud asociadas a enfermedad coronaria en mujeres. Estudio caso-control. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e856. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.856
Protocol for bacterial depletion of Aiptasia anemones - Towards the generation of gnotobiotic/germ-free cnidarian host animals v1
Authors: M Costa Ruben , Cárdenas Anny , R Voolstra Christian
Published: September 2019

This protocol aims to obtain bacteria-depleted Aiptasia polyps. It is divided into 2 sections: (1) a rearing protocol composed of sterile food preparation and anemone priming and (2) a bacteria-depletion protocol for Aiptasia.