bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of prepaid service and promotion purchase restriction on consumers’ willingness to share in tourism and hospitality: from the perspective of framing effect theory
Authors: Luo Haohan , Pan Ningning , Zhong Yalin , Wang Haijun
Published: September 2022

Prepaid service is not only a financial tool, but also a common promotion mode in tourism and hospitality. Due to the limited resources of the enterprise, the enterprise needs to reasonably allocate the promotion resources to maximize the effectiveness of the promotion. As two common promotion purchase restrictions, limited-time promotion and limited-quantity promotion how to interact with prepaid services in the form of discounts or freebies to enhance consumers’ willingness to share is the focus of this study. This study carried out three experiments based on framing effect theory, stimulus-organism-response theory, and social capital theory, which has found that the prepaid service mode moderates the relationship between promotion purchase restrictions and consumers’ willingness to share. When the prepaid service mode is a discount type, the limited-quantity promotion can generate higher sharing willingness than the limited-time promotion, and the perceived scarcity plays a mediating role. When the prepaid service mode is a freebie type, the limited-time promotion can generate higher sharing willingness than the limited-quantity promotion, and the perceived certainty of opportunity plays a mediating role.
Disrupting the “empathy machine”: The power and perils of virtual reality in addressing social issues
Authors: Sora-Domenjó Carles
Published: September 2022

This article looks through a critical media lens at mediated effects and ethical concerns of virtual reality (VR) applications that explore personal and social issues through embodiment and storytelling. In recent years, the press, immersive media practitioners and researchers have promoted the potential of virtual reality storytelling to foster empathy. This research offers an interdisciplinary narrative review, with an evidence-based approach to challenge the assumptions that VR films elicit empathy in the participant—what I refer to as the VR-empathy model. A review of literature from the fields of psychology, computer science, embodiment, medicine, and virtual reality was carried out to question and counter these claims through case studies of both fiction and non-fiction VR experiences. The results reveal that there is little empirical evidence of a correlation between VR exposure and an increase in empathy that motivates pro-social behavior, and a lack of research covering VR films exposure eliciting empathy. Furthermore, the results show an alarming lack of research into the long-term effects of VR films and other VR immersive experiences. This contribution aims to understand and demystify the current “empathy machine” rhetoric and calls for more rigorous, scientific research that can authenticate future claims and systemize ethical best practices.
Drive, instinct, reflex—Applications to treatment of anxiety, depressive and addictive disorders
Authors: Johnson Brian , Brand David , Zimmerman Edward , Kirsch Michael
Published: September 2022

The neuropsychoanalytic approach solves important aspects of how to use our understanding of the brain to treat patients. We describe the neurobiology underlying motivation for healthy behaviors and psychopathology. We have updated Freud’s original concepts of drive and instinct using neuropsychoanalysis in a way that conserves his insights while adding information that is of use in clinical treatment. Drive (Trieb) is a pressure to act on an internal stimulus. It has a motivational energic source, an aim, an object, and is terminated by the satisfaction of a surge of serotonin. An instinct (Instinkt) is an inherited pattern of behavior that varies little from species to species. Drives are created by internal/ventral brain factors. Instincts require input from the outside that arrive through dorsal brain structures. In our model unpleasure is the experience of unsatisfied drives while pleasure if fueled by a propitious human environment. Motivational concepts can be used guide clinical work. Sometimes what had previously described psychoanalytically as, “Internal conflict,” can be characterized neurobiologically as conflicts between different motivational systems. These motivational systems inform treatment of anxiety and depression, addiction in general and specific problems of opioid use disorder. Our description of motivation in addictive illness shows that the term, “reward system,” is incorrect, eliminating a source of stigmatizing addiction by suggesting that it is hedonistic. Understanding that motivational systems that have both psychological and brain correlates can be a basis for treating various disorders. Over many papers the authors have described the biology of drives, instincts, unpleasure and pleasure. We will start with a summary of our work, then show its clinical application.
Relations between entrepreneur’s social identity and strategic entrepreneurship: Sustainable leadership as mediator
Authors: Liu Gang , Yin Qing , Zhang Leyi
Published: September 2022

Although there are studies verifying that strategic entrepreneurship is positively related to the risk resistance and performance of enterprises, it is unclear how enterprises can implement effective strategic entrepreneurial activities in dynamic situations. This research aims to explore why and how the entrepreneur’s social identity influences and drives firm’s strategic entrepreneurial activities. In this study, it applied case study method to interview a technology-based family firms that have effectively conducted strategic entrepreneurial activities to meet challenges, and uses grounded theory for data analysis. The research finds that (1) the social identity of entrepreneurs actively promotes the strategic entrepreneurial activities of enterprises; (2) sustainable leadership mediates the relationship between social identity and strategic entrepreneurship; (3) at different stages of enterprise development, entrepreneurs dynamically adjust their social identity types to enhance sustainable leadership; (4) through the focus and extension of technological advantages, sustainable leadership ensures that enterprises can promote the implementation of strategic entrepreneurial behavior by disintegrating and integrating the value chain. This study explores the strategic entrepreneurship path of family firms and also provides new insights for future research on the strategic entrepreneurship and sustainable growth of such firms.
Creativity and art therapies to promote healthy aging: A scoping review
Authors: Galassi Flavia , Merizzi Alessandra , D’Amen Barbara , Santini Sara
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the value of creative arts therapies in healthy older adults. This article aims to shed light on current knowledge concerning the effectiveness of art therapies (ATs) for the prevention of common age-related conditions using the definition of art therapy provided by the American Art Therapy Association (AATA), as well as Cohen’s conceptual framework for the psychological conceptualization of the relationship between the arts and health in later life. The objective is to carefully capture subthreshold situations of distress, which are often not taken into account and primarily involve psychological aspects that are crucial in the multidimensional perspective of healthy aging. Twelve articles were selected and examined following an initial electronic search on 3 databases. A thematic analysis of the results identified four major themes: improving cognitive performance and proprioception; enhancing self-identity and meaningful life; reducing feelings of loneliness and depressive symptoms; and the importance of socialization. All these aspects constitute the basis for preventing psychological distress and enhancing mental well-being for healthy aging.
Evaluation of a cyberbullying prevention program in elementary schools: The role of self-esteem enhancement
Authors: Touloupis Thanos , Athanasiades Christina
Published: September 2022

Although elementary schools are considered a fertile ground for promoting positive behaviors among students (such as safe online practices), to date, almost no study has examined the effectiveness of a cyberbullying prevention program among elementary school students of typical and non-typical development. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of such a school-based European funded preventive program (TABBY, Threat Assessment of Bullying Behavior in Youth) among sixth graders with and without special educational needs (SEN). The study also examined the predictive role of self-esteem in students’ cyberbullying involvement. Overall, 240 students from randomly selected Greek schools completed a self-report questionnaire, which included a scale on cyberbullying and self-esteem. Following an experimental longitudinal research design, the intervention was applied to the experimental (N = 120) but not to the control group of students (N = 120). Each group consisted of both students with (N = 60) and without SEN (N = 60). The evaluation was based on the completion of the self-report questionnaire before (1st phase), immediately after (2nd phase), and 6 months after the intervention was completed (3rd phase) by trained general and special education teachers. According to the findings, students’ cyberbullying engagement (as bullies/victims) decreased significantly in the second and third phase, and especially for those with SEN. Additionally, self-esteem negatively predicted students’ involvement in cyberbullying (as bullies/victims) in all three phases. The findings partially support the appropriateness of interventions within the elementary school context in order to enhance self-esteem and promote a safe online culture among students of typical as well as atypical development.
Eco-anxiety: What it is and why it matters
Authors: Kurth Charlie , Pihkala Panu
Published: September 2022

Researchers are increasingly trying to understand both the emotions that we experience in response to ecological crises like climate change and the ways in which these emotions might be valuable for our (psychical, psychological, and moral) wellbeing. However, much of the existing work on these issues has been hampered by conceptual and methodological difficulties. As a first step toward addressing these challenges, this review focuses on eco-anxiety. Analyzing a broad range of studies through the use of methods from philosophy, emotion theory, and interdisciplinary environmental studies, the authors show how looking to work on anxiety in general can help researchers build better models of eco-anxiety in particular. The results of this work suggest that the label “eco-anxiety” may be best understood as referring to a family of distinct, but related, ecological emotions. The authors also find that a specific form of eco-anxiety, “practical eco-anxiety,” can be a deeply valuable emotional response to threats like climate change: when experienced at the right time and to the right extent, practical eco-anxiety not only reflects well on one’s moral character but can also help advance individual and planetary wellbeing.
Effect of introducing virtual community and community group buying on customer’s perceived value and loyalty behavior: A convenience store-based perspective
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Hu Zhineng
Published: September 2022

Customers’ declining receptivity to conventional marketing tools has been a challenge for convenience stores. To overcome this, retailers are turning to social media as a new, potent marketing tool for creating business prospects and encouraging direct customer interaction. However, it is still unknown how social media marketing affects the shifts in customer behavior. This paper expands on the relationship of “loyalty program (LP) + virtual community experience → perceived value → customer loyalty” in the traditional convenience store scenario, refining the variables of virtual community experience, perceived value, and customer loyalty. It also compares the effectiveness of different LP design structures (reward amounts × reward time limits) and explores the mediation impact of program loyalty and the moderation effect of alternative attractiveness. The results demonstrate the superior performance of LPs with an expiry policy and differential returns and highlight the importance of enhancing members’ virtual community experiences in fostering customer perceived value and loyalty. The results also show the minor negative moderation impact of community group buying and prove that emotional value significantly impacts customer loyalty. Still, the social value does not affect program loyalty. The recommendations are offered, such as designing growing-oriented and periodical zeroing LPs, as well as using new social media marketing tools (virtual community-based marketing) to empower traditional marketing techniques (LP-based relationship marketing) and constructing a “convenience store + community group buying” model. The findings have substantial theoretical and practical implications for traditional convenience stores in properly implementing loyalty and social media marketing tactics to maximize customer value and loyalty with a limited budget.
Psychotic-like experiences and associated socio-demographic factors among pregnant women in each trimester in China
Authors: Lu Dali , Qiu Shuangyan , Xian Danxia , Zhang Jingyu , Zhang Yan , Liu Xiaocheng , Yang Weikang , Liu Xiaoqun
Published: September 2022

Objective

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are quite common in the general populations without a clinical diagnosis, but pregnant women have been neglected in earlier literature. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of PLEs among pregnant women without previous psychiatric history in each trimester.

Method

A total of 950 pregnant women participated in a cross-sectional survey, with social and demographic information collected. The Positive Subscale of Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) was used to measure PLEs, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to examine anxious and depressive symptoms, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the risk factors for pregnant women with PLEs.

Results

In our study, 37.2% of the pregnant women in this sample experienced at least one episode of PLEs, while 4.3% reported “often” having PLEs. More pregnant women experienced PLEs, delusional experiences, and hallucinatory experiences in the first two trimesters than in the third trimester. Factors associated with a higher risk for more frequent PLEs include: rural setting, unplanned pregnancy, parity 1, and EPDS scores. High positive correlations were shown between frequency scores among experiences of PLEs and GAD-7 scores, EPDS scores.

Conclusion

Episodes of PLEs are common in Chinese pregnant women; however, only a small proportion has persistent PLEs. It is vital to pay attention to women with psychosis risk in pregnancy.
The sexuality and sexual experiences of forensic mental health patients: An integrative review of the literature
Authors: Brand Elnike , Ratsch Angela , Nagaraj Dinesh , Heffernan Edward
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Sexuality is an integral aspect of the human experience that defines an individual. Robust research, substantiated by the World Health Organization, demonstrates that healthy sexuality improves mental health and quality of life. Despite this level of global advocacy and clinical evidence, sexuality and sexual health as determinants of health have been largely overlooked in the mental healthcare of patients being treated under the requirements of a forensic order (forensic patients). In this review, the authors have evaluated the literature related to the sexual development, sexual health, sexual knowledge and risks, sexual experiences, sexual behavior and sexual desires of forensic patients to inform policy and clinical practice. Furthermore, the review explored how forensic patients' sexual healthcare needs are managed within a forensic mental healthcare framework. The paper concludes with recommendations for service providers to ensure that sexual health and sexuality are components of mental health policy frameworks and clinical care.

Methods

An integrative review was utilized to summarize empirical and theoretical literature to provide a greater comprehensive understanding of the sexuality and sexual experiences of forensic patients. This included identifying original qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method research, case reports, case series and published doctoral thesis pertaining to the research topic.

Results

Twenty-one articles were selected for review. We grouped the review findings into three main themes: 1) Forensic patient themes, 2) Forensic mental health staff themes and 3) Forensic mental health organization themes. The review demonstrated scant information on the sexual healthcare needs of forensic patients or how health services manage these needs while the patient is in a hospital or reintegrating into the community.

Conclusion

There is a dearth of evidence-based, individualized or group approaches which clinicians can utilize to assist forensic patients to achieve a healthy sexual life and it is recommended that such services be developed. Before that however, it is essential to have a clear understanding of the sexual healthcare needs of forensic patients to identify areas where this vulnerable population can be supported in achieving optimal sexual health. Urgent changes to clinical assessment are required to incorporate sexual healthcare as a component of routine mental healthcare.
COVID-19 from the perspective of otorhinolaryngology: An analysis of bibliometrics
Authors: Wang Ji , Liang Sai , Yu Ming , Gong Zhengpeng
Published: September 2022

Background

Since it began in December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has not been completely contained. COVID-19 has attracted the interest of nations throughout the globe. The global coronavirus outbreak has had an especially devastating effect on otolaryngology. The virus is commonly associated with otorhinolaryngological symptoms. COVID-19 research is becoming more common in otorhinolaryngology. Although various studies on covid-19-related Otorhinolaryngology manifestations have been published, there has been no bibliometric analysis of these articles concentrating on COVID-19-related Otorhinolaryngology research.

Methods

Original publications on Otolaryngological symptoms on COVID-19 were extracted from the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) databases in Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) between January 2020 and May 2022. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were utilized to detect and assess the research focus and trends in this field by extracting the country/region, institution, author, journal, references, and keywords related to this topic.

Results

A total of 631 journals from 97 countries were included in the total of 1,528 articles. Most of the articles on this topic were published in the United States, which had the most citations and the highest H-index. Huazhong University of Science and Technology is the institution with the largest number of articles in the research of COVID-19-related Otorhinolaryngology diseases. Claire Hopkins was the most prolific author belonging to Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. Huang CL from Jin Yin-tan Hospital received the most citations among all authors. The most cited article was Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, which was created by Huang CL. Most of the studies relating to COVID-19 and Otorhinolaryngology diseases were published in the European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.

Conclusion

COVID-related research in the field of otorhinolaryngology has been studied in terms of descriptive quantitative metrics, which show that academics from around the world are working together to combat this pandemic.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in selected agricultural and food retail environments in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Rafieepoor Maedeh , Mohebbi Seyed Reza , Hosseini Seyed Masoud , Tanhaei Mohammad , Saeedi Niasar Mahsa , Kazemian Shabnam , Asadzadeh Aghdaei Hamid , Moore Matthew D. , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has and continues to impose a considerable public health burden. Although not likely foodborne, SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been well documented in agricultural and food retail environments in several countries, with transmission primarily thought to be worker-to-worker or through environmental high touch surfaces. However, the prevalence and degree to which SARS-CoV-2 contamination occurs in such settings in Iran has not been well documented. Furthermore, since SARS-CoV-2 has been observed to be shed in the feces of some infected individuals, wastewater has been utilized as a means of surveilling the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in some regions. This study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA along the food production and retail chain, from wastewater and irrigation water to vegetables in field and sold in retail. From September 2020 to January 2021, vegetables from different agricultural areas of Tehran province (n = 35), their irrigated agricultural water (n = 8), treated wastewater mixed into irrigated agricultural water (n = 8), and vegetables collected from markets in Tehran (n = 72) were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The vegetable samples were washed with TGBE buffer and concentrated with polyethylene glycol precipitation, while water samples were concentrated by an adsorption-elution method using an electronegative filter. RT-qPCR targeting the SARS-CoV-2 N and RdRp genes was then conducted. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 51/123 (41.5%) of the samples overall. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in treated wastewater, irrigation water, field vegetables, and market produce were 75, 37.5, 42.85, and 37.5%, respectively. These results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 RNA is present in food retail and may also suggest that produce can additionally be contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA by agricultural water. This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in waste and irrigation water, as well as on produce both in field and at retail. However, more evidence is needed to understand if contaminated irrigation water causes SARS-CoV-2 RNA contamination of produce, and if there is a significant public health risk in consuming this produce.
The Nexus Between Vegetation, Urban Air Quality, and Public Health: An Empirical Study of Lahore
Authors: Khan Muhammad Kaleem , Naeem Kashif , Huo Chunhui , Hussain Zahid
Published: September 2022

Global climate change and the deteriorating quality of urban air are the major issues affecting the atmospheric ecosystem of Pakistan. To avoid poor monitoring and management of air pollution, improvements through the latest technologies such as GIS and remote sensing are required. This research involves spatial analysis, which discusses the impact of vegetation on air quality and public health. Data of air quality at 20 different points, showing the concentration of four pollutants, namely NOx, CO, SO2, and PM10, with mean observations for 24-h, are taken from EPA, Lahore. The results show that the concentrations of SO2, CO, and PM10 are exceptionally high at the site of the Badshahi Mosque. The analysis shows that the highest polluted areas have the lowest vegetation levels, whereas areas with low pollution concentration have more vegetation cover. Moreover, less vegetation has a higher death rate attributable to household air pollution. The study suggests that greening strategies, vegetation screens, and vegetation barriers should mitigate urban heat air pollution and minimize the air pollution attributable deaths. For pollution and vegetation monitoring, strict laws and monitoring programs must be implemented in major cities.
Development and evaluation of an online training program based on the O-AMAS teaching model for community pharmacists in the post-COVID-19 era
Authors: Shen Bingzheng , Liu Jun , He Jiahuan Helen , Zhu Zhanyong , Zhou Benhong
Published: September 2022

Background

Formerly, the community pharmacists' work was mainly focused on drug supply. However, during the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak, community pharmacists in Wuhan played an important role in control and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 and in providing pharmaceutical care. Due to a lack of adequate knowledge and skills, many community pharmacists were not able to cope with healthcare work timely and efficiently. To improve community pharmacists' specialized knowledge and enhance their professional competence through systemic training in the post-COVID-19 era.

Methods

Based on the O-AMAS (Objective, Activation, Multi-learning, Assessment and Summary) teaching model and flipped classroom, an online continuing training program containing four sections was developed. It was a semi-experimental study with no control group. Quantitative tests before and after training as well as questionnaire were used to evaluate the outcome of this training program for community pharmacists.

Results

A total of twenty-six community pharmacists were invited to participate in continuing education, and twenty-five trainees finished this training program with a completion rate of 96.2 %. Quantitative tests before and after training and anonymous questionnaires were carried out to comprehensively evaluate the outcomes of this training program. Compared with the test scores before training (61.6 ± 6.6), the score after training was statistically higher, reaching 80.9 ± 7.5 (P < 0.001). Twenty-three questionnaires were received (returns ratio, 92.0%). Notably, most of the pharmacists were satisfied with the training program. The percentage of positive responses for each item in this anonymous questionnaire was more than 85 %.

Conclusion

It was suggested that the O-AMAS model and the flipped classroom-based continuing educational program achieved the expected training effects. It is a promising on-the-job training approach for pharmacy continuing education. Moreover, our study also demonstrated that online learning had advantages of no geographic constraints, flexible learning beyond time and easy interaction, over traditional face-to-face training style, especially in the post-pandemic era.
Analysis of healthcare needs differences and influencing factors among elderly population: Evidence from Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Li Chen , Wu Jiaji , Li Yang , Huang Yi
Published: September 2022

The quality of healthcare services is related to the quality of life of older people in their later years. A comprehensive evaluation of the healthcare needs of the elderly is the basic basis for providing targeted healthcare services for the elderly population. Taking the Yangtze River Delta region of China as an example, this article constructs an index system for evaluating the healthcare needs among the elderly, and explores the healthcare needs of the elderly and the influencing factors based on Dataset of the Fourth Sample Survey on the Living Conditions of China's Urban and Rural Older Persons. The study concludes that: Age 75 is the cut-off point for the healthcare needs of the elderly, with the growth of healthcare needs of the elderly aged 60–75 relatively flat and the growth of healthcare needs of the elderly aged 75 and above rising sharply. There is a wide variation in the Daily Activities Care Index, Incontinence Index and Aids Use Index scores and their indicators, as reflected in the differences in healthcare needs of older people in different age groups and in urban and rural areas. Healthcare needs of the elderly show a high positive correlation with the Daily Activities Care Index and Incontinence Index; healthcare needs of the elderly show a cubic function curve correlation with the assistive device use index. Community elderly healthcare services are conditions that influence the demand for elderly healthcare, but the low proportion of elderly people staying in elderly care institutions is due to a combination of low affordability, general quality of elderly care services and cultural factors. Educational attainment and marital status are micro-conditions that influence the demand for healthcare in old age. In terms of educational attainment, elderly people who have not attended school have an increasing need for healthcare as they get elderly. In terms of marriage, there is a strong negative correlation between the willingness to healthcare needs among elderly people with a spouse and a strong willingness to healthcare needs among elderly people who are widowed.
Application value of joint STOP-Bang questionnaire and Epworth Sleepiness Scale in screening for obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Zheng Zhenzhen , Zhang Yitao , Chen Mingdi , Chen Xiaojuan , Li Chunhe , Wang Chaoyu , Zhu Jinru , Lin Junyan , Ou Xudong , Zou Zhihong , Wang Zhiwei , Deng Junzhong , Chen Riken
Published: September 2022

Objective

This paper evaluates the application value of the STOP-Bang questionnaire combined with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the population.

Method

Thousand-six hundred seventy-one patients with suspected OSA who visited the Sleep Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from August 2017 to August 2020 were monitored by overnight polysomnography (PSG) after completing the ESS scale and STOP-Bang questionnaire. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the two scales were calculated, and the accuracy in predicting OSA of the STOP-Bang questionnaire combined with ESS was analyzed.

Results

With Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) cutoffs of ≥5, ≥15 and ≥30 events/h, the areas under the ROC curve scored by STOP-Bang were 0.724, 0.703 and 0.712, and those of ESS were 0.632, 0.634 and 0.695; the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) values of STOP-Bang for OSA, moderate to severe OSA, and severe OSA were 3.349, 2.651 and 3.189, and those of ESS were 2.665, 2.279 and 3.289. The STOP-Bang score of three was used as the cut-off point for OSA diagnosis with higher sensitivity and lower specificity, while ESS had higher specificity. STOP-Bang (≥3) combined with ESS significantly improved its specificity for predicting OSA.

Conclusion

The STOP-Bang questionnaire is a simple and effective new tool for screening patients for OSA, while a STOP-Bang score of ≥3 combined with ESS can further improve its specificity. Thus, we suggest further screening with ESS after a STOP-Bang score of ≥3 in suspected patients.
Better self-care through co-care? A latent profile analysis of primary care patients' experiences of e-health–supported chronic care management
Authors: Wannheden Carolina , Roczniewska Marta , Hasson Henna , Karlgren Klas , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica
Published: September 2022

Background

Efficient self-care of chronic conditions requires that an individual's resources be optimally combined with healthcare's resources, sometimes supported by e-health services (i.e., co-care). This calls for a system perspective of self-care to determine to what extent it involves demanding or unnecessary tasks and whether role clarity, needs support, and goal orientation are sufficient. This study aims to explore typical configurations of how the co-care system is experienced by individuals with chronic conditions who used an e-health service supporting self-monitoring and digital communication with primary care.

Method

We performed a latent profile analysis using questionnaire data from two waves (7 months apart) involving 180 of 308 eligible patients who pilot-tested an e-health service for co-care at a Swedish primary care center. The five subscales of the Distribution of Co-Care Activities (DoCCA) scale were used to create profiles at Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2). Profiles were described based on sociodemographic variables (age, gender, education level, and health condition) and compared based on exogenous variables (self-rated health, satisfaction with healthcare, self-efficacy in self-care, and perceptions of the e-health service).

Results

We identified four typical configurations of co-care experiences at T1: strained, neutral, supportive, and optimal. Patients with optimal and supportive profiles had higher self-rated health, self-efficacy in self-care, and satisfaction with healthcare than patients with strained and neutral profiles. Slightly more than half transitioned to a similar or more positive profile at T2, for which we identified five profiles: unsupportive, strained, neutral, supportive, and optimal. Patients with optimal and supportive profiles at T2 had higher self-efficacy in self-care and satisfaction with healthcare than the other profiles. The optimal profiles also had higher self-rated health than all other profiles. Members of the optimal and supportive profiles perceived the effectiveness of the e-health service as more positive than the unsupportive and strained profile members.

Discussion

Primary care patients' co-care profiles were primarily distinguished by their experiences of needs support, goal orientation, and role clarity. Patients with more positive co-care experiences also reported higher self-rated health, self-efficacy in self-care, and satisfaction with healthcare, as well as more positive experiences of the e-health service.
The relationship between negative life events and quality of life in adolescents: Mediated by resilience and social support
Authors: Tang Yinshuang , Ma Yingjie , Zhang Jinglin , Wang Hong
Published: September 2022

Background

Quality of life has become an important indicator for assessing the health care of adolescents. This study aimed to explore the relationship between negative life events and quality of life in adolescents and the potential mediating roles of resilience and social support.

Methods

A stratified cluster sampling technique was used to select 3,860 adolescents as study participants. The Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, the Social Support Rating Scale, and the Adolescent Quality of Life Scale were used by participants to rate their negative life events, resilience, social support, quality of life, respectively. The correlations between study variables were analyzed by the Pearson correlation analyses. The AMOS 26.0 software was used to explore the mediating roles of resilience and social support in negative life events and quality of life.

Results

There was a negative correlation between negative life events and quality of life (β=-0.745, P < 0.05); resilience and social support played an important mediating role in the relationship between negative life events and quality of life (βResilience = −0.287, P < 0.05; βSocial support = −0.124, P < 0.05). The emotional adjustment dimension of resilience (β = −0.285, P < 0.05) and the subjective support dimension of social support (β = −0.100, P < 0.05) played the largest mediating roles, respectively.

Conclusion

Negative life events were negatively correlated with adolescents' quality of life. Strengthening resilience and social support is expected to weaken and reduce the adverse effects of negative life events on adolescents and further maintain and improve their quality of life.
Physical activity intervention promotes working memory and motor competence in preschool children
Authors: Zhang Jing-Yi , Shen Qi-Qi , Wang Dong-Ling , Hou Jin-Mei , Xia Tong , Qiu Shou , Wang Xiao-Ye , Zhou Si-Bo , Yang Wen-Wen , Heng Si-Yu , Lu Can-Can , Cui Lei , Yin Heng-Chan
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study investigated the effects of 12 weeks of specifically designed physical activity intervention on working memory and motor competence in preschool children and explored the correlation between working memory changes and motor competence changes by the intervention.

Methods

Four classes of preschool children were grouped into an intervention group and a control group. Children in the intervention group received a 12-week physical activity intervention, while children in the control group followed their daily routine as usual. Before and after the intervention period, children were assessed with the 1-back task and Movement Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (MABC-2) to measure their working memory and motor competence, respectively.

Results

Regarding working memory, the accuracy on the 1-back task increased significantly in the intervention group relative to the control group. The intervention group demonstrated a greater decrease in response time from pre- to posttest than the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Regarding motor competence, children's manual dexterity, aiming and catching and total score increased significantly in the intervention group relative to the control group, while no significant difference in static and dynamic balance was observed between the two groups. Furthermore, the correlation results showed that changes in the efficacy and efficiency of working memory were positively related to changes in static and dynamic balance and the total score on the MABC-2.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrated that 12 weeks of specifically designed physical activity intervention could improve preschool children's efficacy of working memory as well as manual dexterity, aiming and catching and global motor competence. The improvement in the efficacy and efficiency of working memory was positively related to the improvement in static and dynamic balance and global motor competence.
Effect of physical activity and sedentary sitting time on psychological quality of life of people with and without disabilities; A survey from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zahra Aqeela , Hassan Sehar-un-Nisa , Hassan Muhammad Shehzad , Parveen Nuzhat , Park Jae-Hyun , Iqbal Naveed , Khatoon Fahmida , Atteya Mohamed Raafat
Published: September 2022

Background

Mental and psychological health issues are on the rise globally. People with disabilities are at greater risk of poor psychological quality of life especially after covid-19 pandemic. Along with other factors physical activity (PA) may have a significant effect on mental health. This study aims to analyze the difference of PA participation and sitting time among people with and without disabilities and their association with psychological quality of life.

Methods

A standard questionnaire was used to collect the data from disabled and non-disabled participants above 15 years of age. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed to yield statistical results.

Results

Total study sample consisted of 359 participants (67.7% without disability and 32.3% with disability). Participants without disabilities reported a significantly better psychological quality of life (QOL) (Mean score = 68) as compared to the ones with disabilities (Mean score = 61), (p < 0.01). There was significant difference between the sitting time of two groups with longer sitting time among people with disabilities (6.1 h/day) as compared to non-disabled (5.3 h). Optimum level of PA was strongly associated with better psychological quality of life among individuals without disabilities (p = 0.00). Younger age (p = 0.00) and being single (p = 0.01) were significant predictors of poor psychological health among non-disables. Increase in sedentary sitting time was significantly associated with poor psychological quality of life among both groups.

Conclusions

Tailored health policies to encourage PA and reduce sitting hours should be formulated to improve psychological health with special focus on individuals with disabilities. Future studies with large sample size are recommended to validate the current results and further explore the difference in association of PA and psychological wellbeing in people with and without disabilities.
The role of blogs and news sites in science communication during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fraumann Grischa , Colavizza Giovanni
Published: September 2022

We present a brief review of literature related to blogs and news sites; our focus is on publications related to COVID-19. We primarily focus on the role of blogs and news sites in disseminating research on COVID-19 to the wider public, that is knowledge transfer channels. The review is for researchers and practitioners in scholarly communication and social media studies of science who would like to find out more about the role of blogs and news sites during the COVID-19 pandemic. From our review, we see that blogs and news sites are widely used as scholarly communication channels and are closely related to each other. That is, the same research might be reported in blogs and news sites at the same time. They both play a particular role in higher education and research systems, due to the increasing blogging and science communication activity of researchers and higher education institutions (HEIs). We conclude that these two media types have been playing an important role for a long time in disseminating research, which even increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This can be verified, for example, through knowledge graphs on COVID-19 publications that contain a significant amount of scientific publications mentioned in blogs and news sites.
The challenge of unidentified decedents in Africa: The need for training and research in forensic odontology to strengthen a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Chandler Susan , Sudi Stephen M. , Bailie Keané C. , Chetty Manogari
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The management of unidentified decedents suspected to be undocumented migrants is a growing humanitarian crisis in Africa. Identification of the dead and the right of the family to know the fate of a decedent is a fundamental human right. Forensic odontology methods can provide helpful and assisting information in the identification even in challenging low-resource settings. South Africa and other countries that are part of significant migration routes face the problem of unidentified decedents.

Discussion

The fundamental application of forensic odontology relies on the availability of good antemortem dental records. The state of dental records was reported to be suboptimal in South Africa and other African countries. Incorporating forensic odontology into the undergraduate training in the 23 dental schools in Africa will increase the understanding of the value of maintaining accurate dental records and potentially facilitate collaboration with dentists and forensic odontologists in cases where dental features can be used for identification. South Africa offers postgraduate training in forensic odontology, and prospects for research in Africa need to be explored.

Conclusion

The development of a forensic odontology career path and research prospects will provide African countries with the potential for building multidisciplinary teams to assist in solving the challenge of unidentified decedents.
Effects of gender and personality on experience of small living spaces: Ceiling height and floor plan shape in virtual environment
Authors: Lee Seo-Young , Yoon So-Yeon
Published: September 2022

Virtual reality (VR) technology has been used as a design research tool to enable a virtual experience of space as a real-life-scale mock-up. In terms of user experience design research, VR is highly scalable and adjustable, meaning that designed virtual prototypes and environments can be tested on a diverse population without restrictions. In spatial design, VR has been applied in various contexts, often focusing on behavioral intentions and psychological perceptions. Small living spaces are gaining more popularity as an affordable housing solution and an environmentally sustainable lifestyle. Despite their growing demand, user experiences of small living spaces have not been empirically tested. Specifically, the impact of users’ different characteristics on the psychological responses to small living spaces has rarely been studied. In this study, we used three-dimensional (3D) virtual mock-ups to test how subjects of different genders and personality types perceived different shapes of a small space. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used to test two different wall length-width combinations (short vs. long floor plan shape) with two different ceiling heights (low vs. high). Forty-eight participants were randomly assigned to watch one of the four small living spaces. After watching the virtual walkthrough video, participants filled out the questionnaires on their perceptions. The results show that floor plan shape had a significant impact on place attachment. Participants reported greater place attachment to the space with a shorter floor plan than the longer one. In addition, higher ceiling height is closely related to functional and goal-oriented connections. The impact of the floor plan shape of the space on place attachment differed according to gender, age, and personality. Participants with higher extrovert scores reported greater functional connections to higher ceiling height. Men reported significantly more affective ties with longer floor plans than shorter ones. The older age group perceived longer floor plans to be more functional than the shorter ones.
Urban buildings configuration and pollutant dispersion of PM 2.5 particulate to enhance air quality
Authors: Karimian Shamsabadi Milad , Yeganeh Mansour , Pourmahabadian Elham
Published: September 2022

A pivotal element for metropolitan planning and an essential component describing the urban design is block typology, affecting the pollution concentration. Consequently, this research examines the influence of various urban block typologies on urban pollutant distribution. Four typologies are simulated by ENVI-MET software. These typologies are cubic-shaped, L-shaped, C-shaped, and linear-shaped models. Urban air quality was assessed using relative humidity, temperature, and pollution PM2.5 concentration. The performance of typologies in terms of temperature, relative humidity, and reduction of air permeability is strongly dependent on the blocks' orientation, the block shape's rotation concerning the horizontal and vertical extensions, the height of the blocks, and the type of typology. According to these parameters, the performance is different in each of these studied typologies. Regression models propose a more reliable prediction of PM2.5 when the independent variables are temperature, relative humidity, and height of buildings, among various block typologies. Hence, this article suggests a machine learning approach, and the model evaluation shows that the Polynomial Linear Regression (PLR) model is excellent for measuring air pollution and temperature.
Stress-resilient maize hybrid adoption factors and impact: Evidence from rain-fed agroecologies of Karnataka state, India
Authors: Kulkarni Atul P. , Kuchanur Prakash H. , Satihal Dayanand G. , Zaidi P. H. , Rahut Dil Bahadur
Published: September 2022

Drought is one of the major abiotic constraints that adversely affect maize production in the rain-fed agro-environment in the Asian tropics. In view of the recurrent drought, stress-resilient (SR) maize hybrids were developed and deployed to minimize yield penalties and ensure minimum sustainable production of maize in mild to severe drought conditions. Data were collected from 180 farmers from two districts of northern Karnataka. Findings suggest that the household location, caste, access to credit, number of extension visits, and participation in field days significantly influence the adoption of the SR maize hybrid in the study area. The inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimator revealed that households adopting SR maize hybrid have higher yield and income (23% more yield and $137.86/ha more net income) than the non-adopters. As the SR maize hybrid has considerable scope for improving the livelihood and security of farmers, the agricultural policy should support and scale the stress-resilient maize hybrids in the region.