bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOREST FIRES RISK IN A SEMI ARID REGION: A CASE STUDY IN WESTERN ALGERIA
Authors: Benbakkar Hadj Ali , Souidi Zahira , Bardadi Abdelkader , Bento-Gonçalves Antonio
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to measure the fire risk of forests and to compare areas with high sensitivity to forest fires.
 
Theoretical Framework: Many authors have demonstrated the fragility of Algerian forests in the face of fires (Belhadj, 2003; Souidi et al., 2010 and 2017). In this research paper, the researchers focused on identifying the factors responsible for the risk of forest fires in Algeria using a state-of-the-art tool, the Geographic Information System (GIS). The researchers explained a scientific process for exploring new indicators using GIS, and showed how to develop a forest fire risk map.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The elaboration of the fire risk map requires the application of a model set up, and tested on forest areas in the Mediterranean region. The applied model involves the three main factors of forest fire risk assessment: topomorphology, fuel, and human occupation.
 
Findings: According to the results obtained, our study area is dominated by a very high risk index. In addition, more than half of the surface area of our study zone is located in topomorphological conditions that are highly conducive to the multiplication of fires and can increase the risk of forest fires breaking out. This study will help us to better control the risk of fires and to manage fire-fighting operations in the field.
 
Research, Practical & Social Implications: Mapping the risk of forest fires using GIS will help land managers and planners to identify sensitive areas for better preservation and intervention in the event of fire.
 
Originality/Value: The results show that the number of forest fires is increasing over time and that managing them is becoming increasingly difficult. The use of a GIS for all stakeholder and managers will make it possible to combat forest fires.
The Rise, Fall and Re-Rise Of Deliberative Democracy In New Zealand
Authors: Wright Simon , Buklijas Tatjana , Rashbrooke Max
Published: May 2024

In New Zealand the last few years have seen a re-emergence of interest in processes that build on the theory of deliberative democracy. Commentary on this trend, which typically positions deliberative democracy as a novel development in New Zealand politics, ignores several decades of public agencies’ democratic experimentation. In this article we describe three of the 15 identified processes displaying the critical elements of deliberative democracy: the Capital Power citizens’ jury (1996); Toi te Taiao: the Bioethics Council’s public deliberation on pre-birth testing (2007–08), and the citizens’ advisory panel on the Newtown–Berhampore cycleway (2014). We analyse the reasons for their ostensible failure and identify lessons that current policymakers interested in deliberative democracy should draw from these historical cases.
Addressing the Colonial Legacies of Science
Authors: Stronge Dean , Greenaway Alison , Kirk Nick
Published: May 2024

Science needs to address its colonial legacies. While the Te Ara Paerangi Future Pathways envisioned reforms of the research, science and innovation system has lost momentum, individuals and organisations across Aotearoa recognise, and are reaffirming, that the country’s future prospects lie in embracing Tiriti-led policies and practices. In 2021 Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research (a Crown research institute mandated to ensure that the life force and vitality of the land is strong) committed to weaving the principles of te Tiriti o Waitangi into its fabric. As employees, we use social practice theory in this article to evaluate the changes our organisation is experiencing on its journey to being Tiriti-led, and assess the lessons, impacts, successes and failures. This case study highlights the values–action gaps currently evident across the science system and provides insights into the various elements required to enable transformative change and new social norms within knowledge production policies and practice.
Analysis of the Effect of Extracorporeal Diaphragmatic Pacing Combined with Noninvasive Ventilator on the Respiratory Function and Prognosis of COPD Patients
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Fei , Wang Fang
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the effect of extracorporeal diaphragmatic pacing combined with noninvasive ventilators on the respiratory function and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Methods: A total of 50 COPD patients were selected between January 2023 to December 2023 and randomly grouped into an observation group and a control group, with 25 cases. The observation group was given extracorporeal diaphragm pacing combined with a noninvasive ventilator, while the control group was given a conventional treatment mode. After the treatment, the results of each index in the two groups were compared. Results: Compared with the diaphragm function indexes of the two groups, the data of the observation group were more dominant (P < 0.05). The rehospitalization rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The COPD assessment test (CAT) and mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) Dyspnoea scale scores after treatment between the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the lung function indexes of the observation group were more dominant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Extracorporeal diaphragmatic pacing combined with a noninvasive ventilator promoted the improvement of the patient’s prognosis and improved their respiratory function.
Exploration of The Construction Path of Sports Injury and First Aid Course Systems for College Students
Authors: Zhan Xiaobo , Liu Haiyan , Tan Dan
Published: May 2024

By the requirements of the Ministry of Education on life safety education, colleges, and universities have set up a course on Sports Injury and First Aid to organize relevant knowledge and increase the student’s awareness of first aid knowledge so that they can use reasonable methods to address sport-related injuries. At the same time, they can cope with first-aid situations and assist rescuers in completing resuscitation activities. This paper is based on the study of three colleges in Chongqing. This paper selected students from 3 universities in Chongqing and evaluated the mastery of first aid knowledge of college students, pointing out the value of implementing the “Sports Injury and First Aid” course in colleges and universities. This can provide opportunities to improve the theoretical content of the discipline, actively carry out practical activities, reasonably set the assessment method, and provide basic protection to ensure that the “Sports Injury and First Aid” course can be carried out normally to improve the mastery level of students’ first aid knowledge.
Analysis of the Application Effect and Value of Dydrogesterone in The Treatment of Preeclampsia
Authors: Shen Dongmei
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the application effect and value of dydrogesterone in the fertility preservation treatment of preeclampsia. Methods: Forty cases of patients with preeclampsia admitted to our hospital between January 2023 and January 2024 were divided randomly into a control group and an observation group of 20 cases each. The control group applied progesterone to preserve the fetus, and the observation group applied dydrogesterone. The symptom relief time, hormone levels before and after treatment, as well as adverse drug reactions, and the effect of fetal preservation between the two groups were compared. Results: The time to relieve vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain. and lumbago in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the progesterone levels and incidence of adverse drug reactions in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The success rate of fertility preservation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment of fetal preservation of preeclampsia, the application of dydrogesterone positively alleviated vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and lumbago, with mild adverse reactions and a good effect on fetal preservation.
Impact of Brand Activism on Brand Personality and Brand Loyalty
Authors: Kiran Ammara , Zaheer Nida , Masood Khansa , Rizwan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study sets out to deeply explore the way different aspects influence brand loyalty. We're particularly interested in understanding how customers perceive different brands when brands are doing some activities regarding social welfare, and how this participation of brands leads to loyalty.
Methodology: We conducted a survey from 251 people using an online questionnaire. The results show that people like to use those brands that actively participate in socio-political activities. This thing increases the trust of customers for a brand as they think it is a good brand and enhances brand loyalty.
Findings: This study helps us understand better why people decide to repurchase a brand again and again after they've purchased it once. The findings are useful for marketers who manage brands and different marketing strategies, as they can help them make strategies on how to retain customers. This also shows us that customer satisfaction and brand trust also impact the effect of brand loyalty.
Implications: With this information, marketers may tailor their offerings to specific customers' preferences, creating more memorable experiences. The study provides a roadmap for marketing success.
Indigenously controlled tourism as struggle for autonomy: the Pataxó Jaqueira Reserve in Brazil
Authors: Porsani Juliana , Lalander Rickard , Lehtilä Kari , Da Conceição-Carvalho Jocimar , Braz-Bomfim Juari
Published: May 2024

This study analyses the emblematic experience of an indigenous group in Brazil, the Pataxó, who was able to set up and exercise strong control over an indigenous tourism project: the Jaqueira Reserve. Based on document analysis, interviews, and observations, we show how the Jaqueira Reserve was consolidated not only as a strongly autonomous initiative but also as constituent of a greater quest for autonomy (to craft aspired livelihoods conducive to cultural revitalization and environmental protection). The Pataxó experience shows that indigenous tourism can be an instrument in greater indigenous struggles, and as such can develop not only despite marginalization but also against it.
Technologies to embrace the sun: solarpunk-based project as an exploration for a just energy transition
Authors: Reina-Rozo Juan David , Castro Azucena , Zambrano-Caviedes Francisco , Epieyu Agustín Neko
Published: May 2024

The national implementation of electricity generation projects directly threatens the livelihoods of local and Indigenous communities in Latin America. Therefore, it is crucial to search for solutions to energy supply considering local needs and cosmologies. This article focuses on micro-energy production in rural settlements on the Colombian Caribbean coast. The aim is to provide insights into the relationship between energy, technology, and ancestrality through the lens of solarpunk storytelling. To explore this theme, we present the «tech to embrace the sun» initiative as a case study to co-design and imagine desirable futures by the local community of Selvatorium, in La Guajira. The results consist of the development of seven future ancestral stories co-written by community members and guests, two guides to build two prototypes, and a fanzine. The project concludes with empirical and theoretical insights for development studies about sustainable energy futures.
Climate classification for Northeast Brazil using reanalysis data and the Absolute Aridity Index
Authors: Gomes Sales Eliton Sancler , Matsunaga Wendy Kaori , Braga Célia Campos , Sakamoto Meiry Sayuri , Lucena Daisy Beserra , Barbosa de Brito José Ivaldo
Published: May 2024

The climate of the Northeast Region of Brazil (NEB) has been intensively studied and analyzed for climate classification. The aridity index of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (AIUNEP) has been used for this purpose, but without fully satisfactory results. The input variables needed for its calculation are precipitation and reference potential evapotranspiration (ET0). However, although rainfall stations recording routine measurements of precipitation are well distributed in the NEB, they do not provide the necessary variables for estimating ET0. Thus, interpolation is used to calculate ET0, but this can generate errors. Another objective climate classification approach is the Thornthwaite method, based on the determination of the moisture index (Im), whose calculation also requires weather station data. Thus, seeking to circumvent the problem of paucity of stations and improve the spatial distribution of information on meteorological variables in the NEB, the present work had as one of its objectives to validate reanalysis data from ERA5 of the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) and the unified gauge-based analysis of global daily precipitation project of the Climate Prediction Center/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (CPC/NOAA). After validation, climate classifications were developed for the NEB using the AIUNEP and Im. It was observed that the Thornthwaite climate classification overestimated the aridity in the NEB, while the IAUNEP tended to underestimate it. For this reason, a new climate classification index, called the absolute aridity index (Iab), was suggested, yielding satisfactory results.
Estudo dos regimes turbulentos para a atmosfera amazônica baseado na análise de quantificação de recorrência
Authors: Dos Santos Edilanê Mendes , De Paulo Sérgio Roberto
Published: May 2024

Ao analisar dados recorrentes de séries temporais micrometeorológicas, os pesquisadores podem detectar padrões semelhantes e compreender os regimes turbulentos frente as suas classificações. Nessa pesquisa foi aplicado o método não-linear dos RPs (Recurrence Plot) e RQA (Recurrence Quantification Analysis) aos regimes turbulentos classificados segundo a teoria HOST, para as variáveis de velocidade e temperatura virtual, respectivamente, V e T_v de dados coletados durante o Projeto GoAmazon 2014/15. A não-estacionariedade das séries temporais analisadas foram capturadas pelos RPs, que mostraram uma variabilidade ao redor da linha de instabilidade (LOI). Os resultados sugerem uma maior estabilidade para as séries temporais de V quando comparada a variável T_v. O regime turbulento 1, caracterizado por menores valores de V e maiores para T_v, apresentaram maior complexidade nos seus RPs, e assim, maiores valores para a entropia, o que está em acordo com a teoria para turbulência, visto que a supressão da mistura vertical e a dissipação da turbulência, resulta em padrões de fluxo mais complexos próximos à superfície.
Valores de Referência de Qualidade para Íons Metálicos em TFSA e nas Frações Areia, Silte e Argila para Diferentes Classes de Solo do Oeste do Paraná-Brasil.
Authors: Santos Dal Cortivo Nelsi , Laurindo Costa Júnior Ismael , Lowe Pletsch Adelmo
Published: May 2024

RESUMO
Os íons metálicos ocorrem naturalmente nos solos, no entanto, atividades antropogênicas como a mineração e agricultura, têm contribuído para o aumento da sua concentração. Teores em áreas de mata nativa são considerados de referência para solos expostos à degradação, sendo necessária a determinação dos íons metálicos por classe de solo e região, uma vez que, solos de mesma origem geológica, mas de usos e classes diferentes, possuem concentrações distintas. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a concentração de íons metálicos pseudototais (USEPA 3051a) (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn), nas frações areia, silte, argila e Terra Fina Seca ao Ar (TFSA) de solos agricultáveis e de mata no entorno do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu - PR. A separação das frações seguiu a metodologia de Gee e Bauder (1986) e Lei de Stokes, com predomínio de solos de texturas argilosa e muito argilosa. De acordo com os usos, os teores de Al, Cr e K foram superiores nos solos de agricultura e os elementos Fe, Mn, Ni e Zn, superiores nos solos de mata. Os maiores valores de íons metálicos foram encontrados na fração areia, indicando forte contribuição do material de origem. Os teores de íons metálicos pseudototais encontrados na fração TFSA de solos de mata, estão próximos aos dados da literatura em solos de mesma origem geológica da região de estudo e de dados oriundos de basalto, evidenciando a necessidade de considerar as classes de solos na determinação dos valores de referência de qualidade.
Propriedades Mecânicas das Madeiras utilizadas na construção: Uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura
Authors: Da Silva Gomes Dieska Rayane , Kohlman Rabbani Emilia Rahnemay , Almeida de Oliveira Romilde
Published: May 2024

Objetivou-se identificar as propriedades mecânicas de madeiras de diferentes regiões para fins estruturais na construção de edificações por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL) com abordagem quantitativa. A madeira é um material abundante e acessível e, devido à falta de conhecimento, cultura e mão de obra especializada, é considerada menos resistente e durável que outros sistemas construtivos. Essa metodologia foi escolhida por permitir a análise do estágio em que o tema se encontra no meio científico. A RSL, analisou artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2022 e restringindo madeiras que não possuem nenhum tipo de tratamento, com a análise bibliométrica realizada na ferramenta Rayyan e relato realizado pela metodologia PRISMA. A RSL resultou em 37 artigos escolhidos para análise, contemplando 24 países, apresentando as propriedades mecânicas de 104 espécies de madeira, sendo 54 destas contempladas nos artigos brasileiros. O desempenho mecânico é determinado através de testes de laboratório de acordo com as normas vigentes de cada país. Os principais testes realizados incluíram: resistência ao cisalhamento, compressão, tração, flexão e densidade. Os resultados apurados na RSL demonstram que as espécies têm algum tipo de aplicabilidade na construção. A espécie brasileira Peltophorum vogelianum Benth - Guarucaia teve o melhor desempenho para o ensaio de dureza paralela e resistência ao cisalhamento, a espécie Corymbia citriodora para a resistência a tração paralela e a espécie Calycophyllum multiflorum - Pau Mulato para a resistência a tração perpendicular. Foi demonstrado também, que entre os estudos brasileiras, não foi encontrado estudos na região nordeste do Brasil.
Propostas de mudanças do Licenciamento Ambiental no Brasil: entre avanços e retrocessos ainda há salvação?
Authors: Veronez Fernanda Aparecida , Celestino Joyce Elanne Mateus , Almeida Maria Rita Raimundo e , Souza Maria Paula Ribeiro de , Oizumi André Shindi Hartilek
Published: May 2024

O aprimoramento do Licenciamento Ambiental (LA) e da Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA) é um processo natural, fruto de aprendizado e que pode ser apontado como uma boa prática quando devidamente orientado. Nesse sentido, a academia tem um importante papel na proposição de melhorias, baseadas em evidências, inclusive na discussão de proposições e alterações de normas legais. Assim, este trabalho analisa como as propostas de modificação legal do LA vêm ocorrendo no Brasil e discute a possibilidade de seu aprimoramento, considerando quatro temas-chave: mecanismos de acesso à informação, formas de participação, mitigação de impactos e condicionantes ambientais, e Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica. A metodologia envolveu revisão de literatura e análise de conteúdo dos substitutivos do Projeto de Lei (PL) 3729/2004. Foram elaboradas linhas do tempo com o processo de construção da legislação em relação aos quatro temas-chave e realizada a avaliação do texto do PL frente às melhores práticas, além da proposição de melhorias. Espera-se que as informações produzidas por este trabalho possam ser usadas como evidências para apoiar futuras discussões do PL e subsidiar a sua melhoria, tanto da versão ainda em discussão no Senado Federal quanto em possíveis alterações futuras.
Uso de Diferentes Softwares de Processamento de Dados Obtidos a Partir de RPA (Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada)
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Monteiro da , Silva Mariana Gabetto da , Santos Afonso de Paula dos , Barbosa Lígia da Silva , Cunha Marconi Martins , Medeiros Nilcilene das Graças , Duarte Daniel Camilo de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Esse estudo visou o uso de diferentes softwares de processamento de dados, em ortofotos obtidos por RPA, para a aplicação dos procedimentos contidos na ET-CQDG e no Decreto n° 89.817 de avaliação da qualidade posicional. Os softwares escolhidos para análise foram o Mappa, DroneDeploy e Agisoft Metashape. Os resultados encontrados colaboraram para o entendimento do tipo de produto gerado por cada software, bem como análise da qualidade fornecida via aspectos visuais e aplicação das normas e decretos. O software Agisoft Metashape foi classificado, tanto na planimetria quanto na e altimetria, na classe “Classe A” no PEC-PCD, acurado para a escala de 1:2.000 e curvas de nível de 1 metro. Já o software DroneDeploy obteve-se a classe B para escala 1:5000 e curvas de nível de 50 metros no PEC-PCD, porém não acurado tanto para planimetria quanto altimetria. Já o software Mappa o produto ficou abaixo do esperado, portanto não classificado na PEC-PCD. A partir destes resultados pode-se avaliar qual tipo de produto foi gerado, sua qualidade e tipo de serviço possível de uso.
Proposta de classificação das paleotocas com base nas características fisionômicas e morfológicas
Authors: Valdati Jairo , Gomes Maria Carolina Villaça , Weinschütz Luiz Carlos , Ricetti João Henrique Zahdi , Bechtel Arthur Philipe
Published: May 2024

As paleotocas são túneis escavados por animais da Mega e Grandefauna, atualmente extintos, que os utilizavam para diversos fins. O presente trabalho visa catalogar e compreender a distribuição das paleotocas presentes no Território do Geoparque Caminhos dos Cânions do Sul por meio de classificações fisionômicas externas e morfológicas internas. O Geoparque se distribui em uma área de 2830 km² abrangendo sete municípios, sendo quatro pertencentes ao Estado de Santa Catarina e três ao Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a realização deste trabalho utilizou-se uma ficha catalográfica, que auxilia na padronização dos dados.  A catalogação consistiu em registrar diversos parâmetros das paleotocas, tais como altura, largura, extensão, marcas de garras e direção da escavação. Além de descrições para caracterizar as tocas e analisar o seu entorno, como: ocupação do solo, compartimento de relevo e declividade. O estudo descreve três paleotocas, duas situadas no compartimento geomorfológico Escarpas da Serra Geral e uma localizada no Planalto dos Campos Gerais. O estudo dessa distribuição poderá auxiliar na compreensão dos fatores ambientais que condicionaram os animais escavadores.
NEUROCHEMICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL ALTERATIONS RELATED TO ESZOPICLONE ADMINISTRATION IN RATS
Authors: Kamel Mohamed A. , Mohammed Hesham H. , Abdel-Hamid Nora E.
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to shed light on the effect of eszopiclone (ESZ) administration once daily for 30 consecutive days at night time on some neurochemical, behavioral and hematological criteria. A total of 27 male Wister albino rats were assigned to one of three drug treatment groups, vehicle, Eszopiclone (3mg/kg) and (6mg/kg). After 30 days of Eszopiclone administration, the neurochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in serotonin and glutamate (306.44 ng/ml, 4.33 nmol /μl, respectively) in 6mg/kg treated animals, furthermore dopamine levels were significantly higher in rats treated with Eszopiclone (3mg/kg or 6mg/kg) in compare to control group. Reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels revealed a significant decrease (0.15 μmol /gm tissue, 25.24 μmol /gm tissue, 1.93 Unit/gmtissue, respectively), while the malondialdehyde levels (15.79 nmol /gm tissue) demonstrated a significant increase in animals treated with 6 mg of ezopiclone. Behavioral assessment was carried out 3 times throughout the study (once/2 weeks) by video recording. It was recorded in 5 tests, including open field, the hole-board, inclined plain, grip and tail suspension tests. There were no changes between the rats in 3 mg/kg of ezopiclone and those in the control group. The rats in 6 mg/kg of ezopiclone showed less response in all behavioral observations, with significant decreases in inclined plain angle (23.35), exploratory time (17 second) and exploratory frequency (2 frequencies) in compare to other groups. The results support the concept that the administration of eszpiclone more than 3 mg/kg may lead to the behavioral changes. There were no serious adverse events regarding hematological indices. It is concluded that eszopiclone administration causes an imbalance between different neurotransmitters in the cerebrum. A marked decrease in antioxidant scavenging capacity with a behavioral alteration in 6mg/kg treated animals. The maximum safe dose of eszopiclone was 3mg/kg and more than this dose could lead to a deleterious reactions as evidenced in this study.
DIVERSITY OF ARTHRODERMATACEAE COMMUNITIES THAT CREATE HAVOC TO THE OVERALL HEALTH OF HUMAN AND ANIMALS
Authors: Taha Mohamed , Tartor Yasmine H. , Abdallah Safaa A. , Osman Mona M. , Ammar Ahmed M.
Published: May 2024

Keratinous substance rich soil is most conducive for keratinophilic fungi growth and occurrence. Dermatophytes and other related fungi are potential pathogens causing human and animal dermatomycoses. Herein, this study went for screening the presence of dermatophytes and related keratinophilic fungi in various soil samples collected from different locations of Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. A total of 80 soil samples from roadsides, fields and stables were subjected for mycological analysis using modified hair-bait technique with hair of horse, cattle and goat, sheep wool, and chicken feathers as a keratin source for keratinophilic fungi growth. Keratinophilic fungi were identified according to their phenotypical characterization in combination with PCR amplification and sequencing for internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. Keratinophilic fungi were recovered from 73.75% of soil samples (59/80). Field soils yielded a higher positivity rate for keratinophilic fungal isolates (90%) than roadsides (66.67%) and stables (58.82%). The majority of keratinophilic fungi belonged to dermatophytes (57.47%). Microsporum gypseum (50.85%) were detected in the majority of sites followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (30.51%), Chrysosporium species (28.81%), C. keratinophilium (23.73%), C. tropicum, C. zonatum, Arthroderma multifidum, Arthroderma benhami, Arthroderma fulvum, Clonostachys species, Simplicillium obclavatum and Purpureocillium lilacinum (1.69%, each). It was found that horse and goat hair were more suitable for isolation of keratinophilic fungi with a percentage of 100% for each, followed by cattle hair (91.66%), sheep wool (87.5%) and chicken feathers (83.33%). This investigation demonstrated that the various soils of Sharkia Governorate might be critical suppliers of certain keratinophilic fungi that may constitute hazards to human and animal health. The genetic-based identification is strongly recommended for a high discriminatory identification of keratinophilic fungi.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC, LAPAROSCOPIC AND SECTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE LIVER AND SPLEEN IN GOATS (CAPRA HIRCUS)
Authors: Hassan Ahmed A. , Nossir Hamed M. , Soliman Khaled Z. , El-Skeikh Esraa M. , Konsowa Mervat M.H.
Published: May 2024

The present study was carried out on nine apparently healthy goats of both sexes, females were non-pregnant and non-lactating. Their weight and age ranged from 28-35 kg and 17 to 24 months, respectively. These goats were divided into three groups; 1) Three were subjected to frozen sagittal section technique, 2) Three underwent computed tomography followed by frozen cross section techniques, and 3) Three were used for laparoscopy. With the aid of these techniques, this study focused on liver and spleen to detect their position, shape and relation with other abdominal organs. Sagittal sectional anatomy was done using right paramedian, left paramedian and midline sagittal sections on the abdomen of goats. The frozen cross sections were compared with CT images at the same level. Laparoscopy was accomplished at three positions; dorsal recumbency, right flank and left flank laparoscopy. The obtained results were presented in plates and anatomical structures of clinical importance were identified and labelled to establish a comprehensive guide for specialists in anatomy, surgery, radiology and veterinary education.
BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF GINGER AND/OR GREEN TEA EXTRACTS IN HIGH FAT DIET - INDUCED OBESE RATS
Authors: Hashem Mohamed A. , Nasr El-Deen Nasr A.M. , Ghareeb Osman A.E.
Published: May 2024

The current study was designed to clarify the sequel of administration of green tea and/ or extract of ginger on body weight, lipid profile, some hormones and some fertility variables in high fat diet (HFD) - induced obese rats. The results revealed that treatment of HFD obese rats with ginger extract decreased the elevated body weight (from 530+5.29 to 295+9.11), lee index (from 0.33±0.008 to 0.27±0.004), serum total cholesterol (from 25+2.57 to 187+2.79), triacylglycerol (TAG) (from 201+2.15 to154+1.82), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (from 187.8+3.36 to119.6+2.31), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (from 40.21+0.12 to 30.8+0.13), leptin (from 7.74+0.05 to 5.66+0.09), luetinzing hormone (LH) (from 0.30+0.006 to 0.19+0.005) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) (from 0.74+0.128 to 0.52+0.012) levels, but significantly elevated the decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (from 21.40+0.50 to 36.40+0.81), serum testosterone (from 0.84+0.02 to 1.32+0.14), sperm count (from 44.20+2.08 to 65.20+0.54), motility (from 64+1.18 to 75.60+0.81) and normality (from 53.80+1.42 to 67+1.51). Similar results were observed with green tea treatment with minor variations. So, the inclusive outcomes may suggest that extracts of ginger and/ or green tea have a significant hypolipidemic effect with body weight reduction in rats fed high fat diet. In addition, the extracts may be qualified for ameliorative the ruined fertility parameters.
ABSENCE OR PRESENCE OF TAPETUM LUCIDUM: MACRO AND MICROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS IN DONKEY (EQUUS ASINUS), CAT (FELIS DOMESTICA) AND ONE-HUMPED CAMEL (CAMELUS DROMEDARIUS)
Authors: El-Ghazali Hanaa M. , Mahdy Eman A.A.
Published: May 2024

For explanation eye-shine phenomenon, we used both eyes of five healthy adult donkeys (Equus asinus), cats (Felis domestica) and one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius). The eyes of a live animal of the three species were photographed under existing light and with a flash. The donkey's pupils appeared black centrally situated and horizontal in direction at daylight. Under flash, the light condensed centrally and the color changed to green or blue. The cat's pupils were oval vertically slit-like and colored yellow to red orange under flash. The camel's pupils characterized by presence of a small centrally spot of light with flash. Tapetum of the donkey was horizontal triangular in shape under the weak light colored indigo with dark blue spots changed into semicircular appearance under strong light. In the cat, Tapetum appeared semicircular in outline with yellow color under weak and strong light. The fundus of camel appeared divided into dark proximal half and lighter distal one under the weak light. Under flash, the two halves appeared transparent white. Microscopically, Tapetum lucidum of the donkey was fibrous in its texture while in cat, it was cellular. In camel, there was a brush's membrane and no Tapetum lucidum. In donkey, the thickness of the tapetal tissue and the degree of pigmentation in the retinal epithelium differed according to the region of Tapetum. The thick tapetal tissue and the unpigmented retinal epithelium combination created the greater reflectance of light. So the absence or presence of Tapetum, the tapetal tissue thickness, the degree of pigmentation in the retinal epithelium and the degree of illumination controlled the eye-shine phenomenon.
EFFECT OF DIETARY BETAINE AND LOW METHIONINE ON MULARD DUCK PERFORMANCE, BLOOD PARAMETERS AND LIPOGENESIS GENE EXPRESSION
Authors: El Sayed Rania , Ibrahim Doaa , El-Mandrawy Shefaa A.M. , AbdelFattah Doaa M.
Published: May 2024

The effects of dietary methionine and betaine (Bet) on productive performance, blood biochemical parameters and mRNA expression levels of fat acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), were investigated in Mulard ducks which raised in summer season. Three hundred one-day old healthy Mulard ducklings with similar body weight were randomly distributed into six groups with five replicates per treatment and ten ducks per replicate. Six diets were prepared as following: control diet (C); low methionine diet (ML); diet supplemented with Bet (0.25% Bet); diet supplemented with Bet (0.5% Bet); diet supplemented with 0.25% Bet and low in methionine (0.25% Bet + ML); diet supplemented with 0.5% Bet and low in methionine (0.5% Bet + ML). Regarding allover growth performance results revealed that increasing dietary Bet significantly increased (P<0.05) body gain of ducks by 13% when compared with the control diet, moreover both groups fed on 0.5% Bet and 0.5%Bet +ML diet exhibited the improved feed conversion ratio (1.88 and 1.93, respectively) when compared with control (2.13) and ML (2.29) groups. Inclusion of Bet either in control or ML diet significantly increased carcass yield, breast and thigh meat yield percent and decreased breast, thigh skin and abdominal fat percent. Nutrient digestibility was improved by adding Bet even in ML diet. Serum total lipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol constituents were significantly decreased in all group supplemented with Bet. Dietary Bet significantly decreased (P<0.05) mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-coA carboxylase genes, this decline was more obvious in control group with Bet than in ML with Bet. In conclusion, the role of Bet in ML diet was clear by improving productive performance of ducks, thus Bet can partially replace methionine in duck’s diet.
Efektivitas Layanan Bimbingan Klasikal dengan Metode Diskusi untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Rifqi Hany Muhammad , Handayani Arri , Ajie Gergorius Rohastono
Published: May 2024

The problem that will be raised in this study is whether there is an effective classical guidance service with the discussion method to increase student motivation at SMA N 3 Pati. Based on the problem formulation, the purpose of this study was to find out how effective the discussion method classical guidance service was to increase student motivation at SMA N 3 Pati. This type of research is experimental. This research method uses a true experimental design with a posttest-only control design technique. The population in this study is class XI MIPA 1, XI MIPA 2, XI MIPA 3, XI MIPA 4, XI MIPA 5, XI MIPA 6, XI MIPA 7, XI MIPA 8, XI MIPA 9, XI IPS 1, XI IPS 2, and XI IPS 3 with a total of 377 students. The sample in this study was selected randomly which was then divided into 2 classes, namely XI MIPA 4 experimental class and XI MIPA 5 control class. The sampling used is cluster random sampling. The results of this research analysis revealed that the independent sample test test obtained post-test data with a value of sig, 0.006 <0.05, which means that there is a difference in the increase in student motivation to learn in the group given treatment or treatment through classical guidance services with the discussion method.
Penerapan Berbagai Teknik Bimbingan dan Konseling Terhadap Psikologi Remaja Broken Home Korban Perceraian Orang Tua
Authors: Anzhali Megga Nur
Published: May 2024

. Keluarga merupakan unit terkecil dari masyarakat. Keluarga juga merupakan sara yang tepat dalam pembentukan tumbuh kembang anak. Namun, perceraian yang terjadi dialam suatu keluarga dapat menyebabkan tumbuh kembang akang menjadi kurang optimal. Salah satu tahapan dalam perkembangan anak adalah masa remaja. Pada masa ini, anak-anak yang mengalami perceraian orang tua dengan tingkat emosional yang sangat labil menjadi tantangan tersendiri untuk dapat menerima dan menghadapi kenyataan pahit dari percerai kedua orang tuanya. Metode yang digunkan yakni studi literatur dengan menelaah 18 jurnal, 1 buku dan 3 skripsi berkaitan dengan topik yang akan dibahas. Kemudian hasil dari penelaahan tersebut akan menjadi hasil penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat beberapa dampak psikologis yang dialami oleh remaja dan menunjukan sikap-sikap negatif. Dalam hal ini terdapat berbagai teknik bimbingan dan konseling untuk menangani remaja broken home korban perceraian orang tua.
Frequency of Celiac Disease among Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Anwar Aftab , Nazar Amna , Aftab Sommayya , Saeed Anjum , Cheema Huma Arshad
Published: May 2024

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic condition of chronic hyperglycemia due to a lack of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. T1DM is associated with many autoimmune conditions, especially hypothyroidism and celiac disease (CD). Objective: To determine the frequency of celiac disease among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Child Health Sciences, The Children’s Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: October 2019 to January 2022. Methods: A total of 150 children and adolescents with T1DM were included in this study. Patients already diagnosed with CD, patients with concomitant autoimmune disease, patients with Down syndrome, and patients who refused to participate and who lost follow-up were excluded from the study. All patients underwent a celiac screen, and those with positive or borderline serology had an endoscopic biopsy of the distal duodenum. Biopsy reporting was done as per Modified Marsh Classification. The patient's data and laboratory findings were recorded through a predesigned proforma and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of participants was 8.08 ± 2.95 years, including 79 (52.7%) male and 71 (47.3%) female patients. A total of 19 (12.7%) had positive serology for celiac disease, and 8 (5.3%) had biopsy findings confirming celiac disease. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with T1DM have an increased tendency for CD, warranting earlier screening for timely detection and management.
Efficacy of Lidocaine Infusion for Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain: A Case Control Study
Authors: Bashir Adnan , Bary Abdul , Raza Hassan , Sher Gul , Wasim Tayyaba , Ali Syed Mehmood
Published: May 2024

Background: Neuropathic pain is a type of chronic pain that is related to nerve damage and is defined by the International Association of Study of Pain (IASP) as “pain caused by a disease or lesion of the somatosensory nervous system”. It remains a challenging clinical problem as pain often can be quite severe and debilitating. The rationale of this study is to find out the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine infusion for neuropathic pain management in our population as there has been no study conducted in Pakistan for this purpose. As our country has a rather low-income population and cheaper options for treatment need to be explored. Objective: To determine the efficacy of lidocaine infusions of 3 mg/kg in managing the chronic neuropathic pain given at 0,1, 2 and 3 weeks in comparison to the placebo infusion. Study Design: Case control study. Settings: The study was conducted in the Sheikh Zayad Hospital Lahore Pakistan. Duration: July 2022 to December 2022. Methods: 100 outdoor patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled after taking informed written consent and were randomly allocated to Lidocaine group (A) 3 mg/kg, diluted in 50 ml normal saline and placebo group (B) 50 ml intravenously over 30 minutes. The Lidocaine group was injected with lidocaine, intravenously over 30 minutes once a week for 4 weeks. Patients with established diagnosis of neuropathic pain, adults of both genders, age above 18 years were enrolled in this study. Their pain severity was recorded using Numerical rating scale (NRS). The data of both groups was recorded in predesigned proforma and efficacy was also noted as labelled as Yes/No for two points; 1: Decrease in pain score by at least 2 out of 10   and 2: Decrease in oral analgesics intake. Results: There were 50 patients in group A and B with the mean age of 53.82 years and 54.4 years respectively. Patients in group A who received an intravenous infusion of lidocaine reported less severe pain and fewer instances of breakthrough pain. No statistically significant difference (P>0.05) was discovered between NRS ratings before and after infusions in the control group despite the fact that several patients reported lower pain intensity after the infusion. The quantity of opioid used was determined for the Lidocaine and Placebo groups. Opioid in the placebo group was 0.472–0.572 g per patient, but in the Lido group it was only 0.1–0.2 g per patient which is significantly different from placebo group (p=0.0021). Conclusion: Lidocaine intravenous infusion (3 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) improved short-term results of therapy, decreased the need for analgesic medication, and shortened pain score without causing major adverse effects.
Prevalence of Psychological Stress in Diabetes Mellitus and Factors Affecting it
Authors: Yousaf Pashmal , Hussain Mustabshir , Mughal Talha Saeed , Raza Hussnain , Waheed Aimen , Khan Shujaat Ali , Ijaz Numan
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus has become a global epidemic in the recent past. Psychological distress in people suffering from diabetes is quite significant as it contributes to disease-related burden. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate stress in diabetics and also correlate it with various factors for example age, gender, socio-economic status and presence of co-morbidities. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: Three months from August 01, 2020 to October 31, 2020. Methods: Using database (psychosocial and demographic) of 138 volunteers through PAID scale of diabetes, a cross-sectional study was performed in Pakistan. Results: Females (60%), those belonging to high and middle class (53.6% and 51.6% respectively), people with 3 (68.75%) and 4 (60%) co-morbidities and the ones aged 80-90 years and 20-30 years reported stress through PAID scale of Diabetes. Conclusion: Stressed diabetic patients need counselling and support of health care workers and their family in order to continue living their life without having diabetes having an impact on it.
Capital Structure, Financial Performance, and Macroeconomic Conditions: Evidence From Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Febrianti Sukma , Mustaruddin Mustaruddin , Afifah Nur
Published: May 2024

his study aims to analyze the influence of capital structure, financial performance, and macroeconomic conditions on firm value (Tobin's Q) in companies included in the Kompas 100 index (100 companies with good liquidity and large market capitalization) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018 and 2022. A total of 50 companies with historical data for 5 years were analyzed amounting to 250 observational data. The data analysis method used is panel data regression analysis processed using Eviews software version 10. The results show that financial performance has a significant positive effect on firm value, and capital structure has a negative but not significant effect on firm value. Among the macroeconomic variables, inflation has a negative influence while interest rates have a positive influence, both of which are significant on firm value. However, GDP growth shows an influence that is not significant towards changes in firm value. The determinants of firm value are very complex thus each company needs to identify the key factors influencing them. It is recommended for further research to include corporate governance and firm growth variables.
Key aspects of developing standard operating procedures
Authors: Markelova Yu. , Bogacheva M. , Sokolova E. , Sukhotinа N. , Tichina I.
Published: May 2024

In modern medical practice, standard operating procedures play a crucial role in ensuring quality medical care. The development and implementation of effective SOPs require a systematic approach and active participation of medical personnel. This article discusses the stages of developing standard operating procedures and outlines the fundamental principles of developing SOPs in healthcare institutions. Drawing on the successful experience of a State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «City Clinical Hospital №52 of the Moscow City Health Department», the authors highlight key aspects and provide recommendations based on practical experience for the implementation of standard procedures to enhance the efficiency and safety of medical care. The authors analyze the importance of standardizing processes in healthcare and discuss the key stages of creating and implementing SOPs, including forming professional teams, engaging experts, and justifying the legislative framework. The research findings can be valuable for methodologists, senior nurses, and healthcare institution leaders seeking to improve the quality of medical care through the systematization and standardization of operating procedures.
Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Berbahan Dasar Limbah Kotoran Sapi untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Desa Mertak Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Junaidi Muhammad , Jihan Melani  , Indah Khaerunnisa  , Mahesarani Fotin Febry  , Nurafiati  , Nurhasiyah  , Muhamad Nanang Indarajaya Saputra  , Hastina Zahro  , Fitrahtul Akbar  , Risqi Aris Munandar  , Ahmad Zaini Muzaffar Al Miladi
Published: May 2024

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Desa Mertak Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat adalah kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pemanfaatan limbah kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk organik dan pemanfaatannya pada budidaya pertanian. Pupuk organik mempunyai keunggulan dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik dan kimia tanah. Sehingga penggunaan pupuk organik lebih banyak dibutuhkan dibandingkan pupuk anorganik dalam sektor pertanian. Program ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan pendampingan kepada masyarakat Desa Mertak untuk memanfaatkan limbah kotoran ternak sebagai pupuk organik yang memiliki nilai jual dan dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti pupuk kimia yang langka. Metode yang kami gunakan adalah pendekatan diri kepada Masyarakat setempat, setelah melakukan pendekatan kepada Masyarakat kami melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah kotoran ternak, diakhiri dengan sosialisasi terkait pemanfaatan limbah kotoran sapi menjadi pupuk organik dan aplikasinya pada budidaya pertanian. Kegiatan sosialisasi dibarengi juga dengan kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan pupuk organic dengan menggunakan kotoran sapi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran secara langsung kepada masyarakat bagaimana cara memanfaatkan limbah kotoran sapi dengan baik dan benar. Selain sosialisasi dan pelatihan, mahasiswa KKN PMD Desa Mertak juga membagikan bibit cabai kepada warga yang hadir untuk nantinya akan digunakan sebagai bahan percobaan pupuk yang dibuat pada kegiatan pelatihan. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan berjalan dengan lancar karena dihadiri staf desa dan warga sekitar dengan total peserta 17 orang.