bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Generational Preference for Preferred Work Arrangement and the Relationship With Employee Engagement and Turnover Intention
Authors: Muniz Christopher J. , Jones Janet S. , Murray Samantha R.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of generational preferred work arrangements and the impact on employee engagement and turnover intent. Through analysis of 252 participant responses, this study examined differences between generational cohorts currently in the workforce with regard to engagement, preferred work arrangement and turnover intention. Results indicated a difference in employee engagement among Baby Boomers, Millennials, and Generation Z workers, but no differences in preferred work arrangement and intent to stay with the organization. However, there was a difference in Generation X employees’ preferred work arrangement and intent to stay.
Strategically Prioritizing Type-Specific Innovations at the Stages of the Supply Chain Resilience Cycle: A Contingency Framework
Authors: Li Bo
Published: September 2024

Faced with various disruptions and crises, supply chain decision-makers are eager to enhance their supply chain resilience (SCRES), and they have realized that innovation could be a powerful tool for enhancing SCRES. This paper investigates the relationship between innovation and SCRES by analyzing the types of innovation at the SCRES stages. We contend that innovation positively impacts SCRES if investment in type-specific innovation is strategically planned and prioritized. The proposed research framework demonstrates this relationship and guides how to prioritize type-specific innovation at each stage of the SCRES cycle. This research builds a foundation for future research on the interrelationship between innovation and SCRES. It offers supply chain practitioners a roadmap for investing in type-specific innovation at each stage of the SCRES cycle.
KAPASITAS KELEMBAGAAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DI DESA TOMPO BULU, KEC. BALOCCI, KAB. PANGKAJENE DAN KEPULAUAN
Authors: Sulmiah Sulmiah , Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Guntur Muhammad , Johansyah Oky Nur Pratiwi
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kapasitas Kelembagaan dalam Pengembangan desa wisata di Desa Tompo Bulu, Kecamatan Balocci, Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan dan memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai bagaimana kapasitas kelembagaan berperan dalam pengembangan desa wisata, serta mengidentifikasi kekuatan dan kelemahan dalam dimensi kelembagaan yang ada, sehingga dapat memberikan rekomendasi untuk peningkatan di masa mendatang. Selain itu, dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi pengembangan desa wisata, penelitian ini juga dapat menjadi acuan bagi pemerintah daerah dan organisasi terkait dalam menyusun kebijakan dan strategi yang lebih efektif untuk mengoptimalkan potensi desa wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah analisis data interaktif melalui tahapan: kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan pengujian kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kapasitas kelembagaan dalam pengembangan desa wisata di Desa Tompo Bulu, Kacamatan Balocci, Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan berdasarkan lima dimensi yang diukur sudah cukup baik dalam menunjang pengembangan desa wisata. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan hasil wawancara bersama informan mengenai lima dimensi yang diukur untuk mengetahui kapasitas kelembagaan sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa, nilai, norma, dan praktik sosial yang baik. Kemudian individu, organisasi, dan jaringan organisasi yang cukup. Sedangkan tata kelola publik yang masih kurang.
Экспериментальные научно-технические исследования при реализации проектов по возведению светопрозрачных конструкций
Authors: ВАХРУШЕВ Константин Геннадьевич , ВАСИЛЕВСКИЙ Дмитрий Валентинович , ОЗЕРОВ Владимир Юрьевич , ИЛЬИН Вячеслав Николаевич
Published: September 2024

Особенность проектирования и возведения светопрозрачных конструкций в России состоит в необходимости проведения комплекса научно-экспериментальных исследований для подтверждения эксплуатационно-технических характеристик. Как правило, при проектировании таких конструкций применяют конструктивные и технологические решения в соответствии с технической документацией от разработчика типовой системы. Однако из-за особенностей объекта и/или архитектурной концепции в конструкцию могут быть внесены некоторые изменения по сравнению с альбомом/каталогом типовых решений. Заявленные в технической документации разработчика эксплуатационно- и пожарно-технические характеристики светопрозрачных конструкций могут существенно измениться. В этой связи фасадные компании проводят испытания для оценки прочности и надежности, воздухо- и водопроницаемости, звукоизоляции, сопротивления теплопередаче, подтверждения пределов огнестойкости и классов пожарной опасности и т. д. В статье представлены результаты испытаний, проведенных специалистами компании "Сталко ИПЛ" при сотрудничестве с ведущими российскими институтами и лабораториями, а также примеры проектирования и изготовления образцов для испытаний с целью получения фактических характеристик возводимой конструкции.
Оценка влияния карстово-суффозионных процессов на здания и сооружения различного назначения
Authors: ТЕР-МАРТИРОСЯН Армен Завенович , АНЖЕЛО Георгий Олегович , ВАНИНА Юлия Викторовна
Published: September 2024

Корректность учета карстово-суффозионных процессов - актуальная и приоритетная задача при проектировании зданий и сооружений, особенно повышенного уровня ответственности. Приведена расчетная методика моделирования взаимодействия подземной части здания с грунтовым основанием при образовании карстовой полости. Проанализированы результаты расчетов прогнозной оценки влияния вероятного образования карстовой полости на подземную часть здания на примерах проектирования административно-делового центра жилого комплекса, состоящего из четырех высотных секций переменной этажности, а также станционного комплекса метрополитена в пространственной постановке. Рассмотрены различные местоположения карстовой полости, выбор которых осуществлен в соответствии с общепринятыми методиками, при этом руководствовались результатами геологических и геофизических исследований. Полученные результаты трехмерных расчетов показали, что дополнительные деформации оснований и фундаментов не превышают максимально допустимых, поэтому не требуется дополнительного усиления подземных конструкций и назначения сохранных мероприятий. Обязательным мероприятием является проведение постоянного геотехнического мониторинга в процессе строительства зданий и сооружений в период не менее одного года после его окончания.
Сверточные нейронные сети для выявления дефектов и повреждений конструкций
Authors: СТЕПАНОВ Дмитрий Владимирович , МАКАРОВ Александр Владимирович , МОЛОТОВ Алексей Максимович , ОБЛЕТОВ Евгений Николаевич
Published: September 2024

Представлены возможности цифровой платформы NEIMARKER для автоматического распознавания дефектов и повреждений строительных конструкций на основе алгоритмов компьютерного зрения и глубокого обучения нейронных сетей. Изложены основные функциональные преимущества разработанной автоматизированной системы, включая распознавание различных типов конструкций, выявление основных видов дефектов, возможность дообучения нейросетей для установления новых типов повреждений. Приведены сведения о достигнутой высокой точности распознавания дефектов и повреждений, обеспечивающей практическую применимость решения в инженерных компаниях. Внедрение предложенной системы позволит сократить время на обработку результатов обследования объектов, повысить качество итоговой документации и снизить количество ошибок. В статье намечены перспективы дальнейшего развития и применения разработанной цифровой платформы в различных отраслях промышленности.
Voir venir the New Wave: Plasticity in Jacques Rivette’s Film Criticism
Authors: Grosoli Marco
Published: September 2024

This article shows that Jacques Rivette’s film criticism recalls the Hegelianism of Catherine Malabou’s formulation of plasticity in The Future of Hegel. Enlarging the scope of a previous article on Hegel’s influence on Rivette (Douglas Morrey’s “To Describe a Labyrinth”), and taking a cue from Rivette’s distinction between analytic and synthetic directors (the latter being those who work on the dialectical bond between contingency and necessity, accidents and essence, the conceptual and the sensuous and so forth), I argue that Rivette considered true auteurs only those directors capable of expressing through their films a specific kind of temporality (thus, by extension, of cinematic action) that is reminiscent of the self-dividing temporality which Malabou highlighted in her take on Hegel’s substance-subject (i.e. a temporality which already in Hegel’s own formulation subverted what Heidegger would later call, contra Hegel, “vulgar time”). This calls, among other things, for a revision of Rivette’s conception of mise-en-scène.
What Is the Work of Animation? The Plasticity of Time in the Fourth-Dimensional Image
Authors: Guan Cassandra
Published: September 2024

Plasticity is a central concept in the philosophy of Catherine Malabou and the theory of animation. And yet, the temporal dimension of transformation and mutability that Malabou foregrounds in her philosophy is missing from recent theoretical accounts of plasticity in animation studies​. ​In these accounts, plasticity appears as a mode of spatial extension, conveying the elasticity of form across a Cartesian timeline, whereas Malabou aims to understand time’s own metamorphosis and self-differentiation. This article invokes Malabou’s theorization of plasticity as the becoming of time itself rather than the becoming of things in time to rethink the perception of life-like movement in animation. Reviewing the techniques of animation that Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston describes in The Illusion of Life as “drawing in the fourth dimension”, I argue that Malabou’s characterization of plasticity as the capacity “to see (what is) coming” ( voir venir) gets to the heart of animation as an art of subjective anticipation. Utilizing the human perceptual system’s tendency to invent new structures and relationships in response to changing inputs from the environment, animation prepares us to anticipate the unforeseeable and to perceive an order of movement typically concealed by the movement of objects in space.
Effects of air dilution in a lean premixed swirl burner with mixture stratification
Authors:   Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Guillamón Carlos , Correa Elkin Ramírez ,   CMT-Clean Mobility and Thermofluids, García-Oliver Jose María ,   CMT-Clean Mobility and Thermofluids, Mira Daniel ,   Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)
Published: September 2024

Numerical simulations using LES with tabulated chemistry based on the Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) method are conducted with the aim to understand the influence of mixture stratification on the flame dynamics on a swirled burner with bluff body. This configuration consists of a main injection of premixed fuel (CH4) with air in rich conditions, injected into a coflow of swirled air which will further mix along a premixing length prior to the combustor, resulting into a global mixture burning in lean conditions. While maintaining the global equivalence ratio inside the combustion chamber to ϕg = 0.8, three operating conditions are simulated, which differ on the mass fraction of air premixed with methane (5, 10 and 15 %). Different flame topologies are obtained, and a qualitative comparison with experiments is performed.
Numerical investigation on rotating instability in a multistage axial-radial combined compressor
Authors:   Tsinghua University, Tian Cheng , Fu Song ,   Tsinghua University
Published: September 2024

Axial-radial combined compressors are prevalent in small and medium aero-engines. However, the understanding of aerodynamic instability in combined compressors lags behind that in pure axial compressors. This study conducts a numerical investigation of the unstable flow within a multistage combined compressor which consists of three axial stages and one radial stage, utilizing a full annulus simulation. Compared between CFD-predicted and experimental data, the relative error of compressor performance is approximately 2%. Rotating instability is identified in the first axial rotor at 70% of the design speed. A discernible hump in the frequency spectrum is detected by pressure probes positioned near the leading edge of R1. The frequency of rotating instability falls between 4/15 and 12/15 of the blade passing frequency. The axial extent of rotating instability is confined to the inlet guide vane and the first axial rotor. The filtered pressure signal indicates that the disturbances rotate at around 50% of the rotor rotational speed. The rotating instability is induced by the instability of tip vortices near the leading edge of the first rotor.
Investigation of the influence of different control strategies on the part load performance for the R-Graz cycle
Authors:   Tsinghua University, Yu Shida , Ren Xiaodong ,   Tsinghua University, Hu Bo ,   Tsinghua University, Gu Chunwei ,   Tsinghua University
Published: September 2024

In the context of large-scale hydrogen energy utilization for power generation, the R-Graz cycle has demonstrated remarkable performance and technological feasibility. To meet the requirements of grid supply, it is imperative to develop appropriate control strategies to achieve stable and efficient operation. In addition to the conventional control parameters such as fuel and IGV adjustments, there exists an additional control parameter called split ratio. In this study, various control strategies were formulated and performance analyses were conducted for the R-Graz cycle. The results indicate that the control strategy aiming to maintain the turbine inlet temperature outperforms the strategy aiming to maintain the exhaust temperature in terms of efficiency. Within the control strategy focused on maintaining the turbine inlet temperature, the inventory control strategy demonstrates superior efficiency compared to the split ratio and IGV control strategies. By integrating the advantages of various control strategies, a hybrid inventory control strategy suitable for the R-Graz cycle is proposed. At 40% load, the efficiency is about 87.1% of the design point, surpassing conventional F-class combined cycle units.
On the influence of non-uniform roughness distribution in a compressor rotor row
Authors:   Institute of Jet Propulsion and Turbomachinery, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Kessler Daniel , Friedrichs Jens ,   Institute of Jet Propulsion and Turbomachinery, Technische Universität Braunschweig
Published: September 2024

Fouling refers to the process of particle deposition on surfaces, leading to increased blade thickness and surface roughness in turbomachines. These effects contribute to operational wear on the compressor and engine. This investigation examines the impact of fouled rotor blades in a 1.5-stage low-speed compressor using artificially roughened blades. Four setups were considered: one reference case with a fully smooth rotor, one fully rough setup, and two setups with 50% smooth and 50% rough blades arranged in different circumferential distributions. Integral measurements of efficiency and pressure rise were conducted, along with detailed wake measurements using a 5-hole probe and a transient 1-hole probe. The roughness parameters for the artificial roughness were derived from surface measurements of a worn CFM-56 engine. The results indicate that an alternating distribution of smooth and rough blades is beneficial for high mass flows. A uniform distribution of rough blades results in more evenly distributed circumferential blockage and a more consistent inflow condition for the downstream stator. Near the stall limit, a non-uniform distribution featuring two rough quadrants demonstrates better pressure rise and efficiency. However, the operating range of both non-uniform and fully rough setups is reduced compared to a fully smooth rotor.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN USAHA PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Yoioga Agustin , Dali Nasrullah , Maya Sari Ika
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak penggunaan informasi akuntansi terhadap keberhasilan usaha pada usaha kecil dan menengah di Kelurahan Wanci, Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi, Kabupaten Wakatobi. Metode analisis regresi linear sederhana digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Populasi yang diteliti adalah para pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah di Kelurahan Wanci. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria tertentu, yang melibatkan 66 responden. Persepsi responden diukur melalui kuesioner dengan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan informasi akuntansi di Kelurahan Wanci memiliki dampak positif terhadap keberhasilan usaha kecil dan menengah. Informasi akuntansi yang digunakan meliputi informasi operasional, informasi manajemen, dan informasi keuangan.
PENGARUH SISTEM PEMBERIAN TUNJANGAN PENSIUN DAN INTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN PENSIUNAN
Authors: Husin  , Fitriaman  , Ishak Arjuanna
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem pemberian tunjangan pensiun dan internal  locus  of  control  terhadap  tingkat  kepuasan  pensiunan  (studi  kasus  pada  kantor sinode  gepsultra).  Sampel  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  pegawai  pensiunan  pada  Kantor Sinode Gepsultra yang berjumlah 113 orang. Persepsi responden diukur dengan jawaban kuisioner yang menggunakan pengukuran skala likert. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa (1) Sistem Pemberian Tunjangan  Pensiun  secara  parsial  berpengaruh  signifikan  terhadap  tingkat  kepuasan pensiunan pada Kantor Sinode Gepsultra, (2) Internal locus of control secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kepuasan pensiunan pada Kantor Sinode Gepsultra, dan (3) Sistem Pemberian Tunjangan Pensiun dan Internal Locus Of Control secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kepuasan pensiunan pada Kantor Sinode Gepsultra..
“Man-Made” Natural Disaster: Impact of National Flood Detention Policy on Social Development in China
Authors: Ye Renhao , Gao Xinyang , Wang Xinyao
Published: September 2024

This paper develops the concept of man-made natural disaster risk, referring to the increase of potential risk exposed to natural disasters as a result of protection from natural disasters, even if these measures rarely directly cause disasters. Our findings indicate that the flood zone policy significantly reduces economic activity and population levels in the affected regions. This pattern is robust after accounting for alternative explanations and historical evidence that exploits flood disaster shocks on local social development prior to the establishment of national-level flood detention areas.
Overcoming the AI “Black Box” in Political Analysis: A Hybrid Approach
Authors: Benitez Baleato Jesus Manuel , Marino Erik , Vieira Renata
Published: September 2024

NLP techniques are increasingly valuable for Political Science, especially in computational text analysis, due to the growing volume of digital text data. Machine learning, particularly neural networks, has boosted NLP's capacity, often surpassing human abilities. However, neural networks' "black box" nature poses challenges for Political Science, limiting causal insights, leading to inconsistent results, and introducing bias from external datasets. To address these issues, a "hybrid" approach combines neural networks with human oversight and structured knowledge. This paper applies such a method to analyze the "Great Replacement" conspiracy theory, which has fueled societal polarization and violence. Using computational and political discourse analysis, we build an annotated corpus and apply transformer-based AI to assess polarity in related discourse. The corpus serves as a gold standard to evaluate AI performance.
Detection of anti-enterovirus IgG in human sera by ELISA method using the KTL-510 peptide
Authors: Pellerova Michaela , Albertova Katarina , Simkova Vanesa , Borsanyiova Maria , Benkoova Brigita , Kissova Renata , Pastuchova Katarina , Tauriainen Sisko , Galama Jochem M. D. , Bopegamage Shubhada
Published: September 2024

Enterovirus (EV) infections occur frequently in humans. In some geographical areas they are more common. These viruses cause diseases with varying degrees of severity, from a simple respiratory tract infection to severe diseases. Since EVs include more than 70 serotypes currently circulating in the population, a methodology that detects most of them is needed. ELISA is a rapid, sensitive, and economical diagnostic method for the identification of EV serotypes and can also be used as a retrospective diagnostic tool or in the investigation of outbreaks of infection. Commercial EV-ELISAs often appear and gradually disappear from the market supply. We have used the KTL-510 peptide, a synthetic viral protein of poliovirus VP1, as an antigen in a peptide-based ELISA for the detection of a broader spectrum of anti-EV antibodies. We aimed to design, optimize, and standardize this in-house ELISA with the peptide, and implement the method for routine detection of anti-EV IgG in human sera. For determining the cut-off value, we used 100 patients’ sera which were previously tested negative for IgG antibodies against EVs using a commercial ELISA kit available. We monitored patients’ sera samples sent for serological testing of anti-coxsackievirus antibodies to the National Reference Center for the Identification of Enteric Viruses between 2018–2022. These serum samples were examined using a standard virus neutralization test as well as the newly developed ELISA method.
Correlation between forkhead box P3 (rs3761548) gene polymorphism and serum interleukin13 as biomarkers of severity in Egyptian allergic conjunctivitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Boghdady Wesam A. , Khairy Marwa A. , Ali Ali G. , El Shahawy Alia A. , Abdelaziz Eman A. , El Shahawy Aya A. , Kamel Fatma Z.
Published: September 2024

Introduction

The genetic variants that alter human Forkhead Box P3 (FOXP3) function may have a part in the establishment of allergic conjunctivitis. Our study aimed to evaluate the FOXP3 polymorphism, serum interleukin13 (IL13) and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in allergic conjunctivitis and assess their role as biomarkers for allergic conjunctivitis risk and severity.

Methods

This study included 52 cases and 52 controls. Blood samples were taken from allergic conjunctivitis patients and controls for total IgE, IL13 measurement and detection of FOXP3 (rs3761548) gene polymorphism.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference between the allergic conjunctivitis group and healthy control group regarding FOXP3 (rs3761548) polymorphism with those have AA genotype are 12 times at risk for allergic conjunctivitis and A allele increases the risk of allergic conjunctivitis by about 4 times. There was statistically significant difference between mild/moderate and severe allergic conjunctivitis regarding FOXP3 (rs3761548) polymorphism with those have AA genotype are 53 times at risk for severe allergic conjunctivitis and A allele increases the risk of severe allergic conjunctivitis by about 6 times. Also, there was a significantly higher value of total IgE IU/ml, IL13 Pg/ml value in severe allergic conjunctivitis compared to moderate/mild allergic conjunctivitis. The best cutoff values of total IgE and serum IL13 for detecting the severity of allergic conjunctivitis were ≥320 IU/ml and ≥40 Pg/ml and the area under the curve were 0.89 and 0.95 respectively.

Conclusion

The research significantly contributes to find correlation of FOXP3 polymorphism, total IgE and IL13 with risk and severity of allergic conjunctivitis which are limited in the literature on the perceived value relevance of FOXP3 polymorphism in allergic conjunctivitis risk and severity.
Neuroprotective effects of magnesium: implications for neuroinflammation and cognitive decline
Authors: Patel Veer , Akimbekov Nuraly S. , Grant William B. , Dean Carolyn , Fang Xiaoqian , Razzaque Mohammed S.
Published: September 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and cognitive decline, are a significant concern for the aging population. Neuroinflammation, a shared characteristic of these diseases, is implicated in their pathogenesis. This article briefly summarizes the role of magnesium, an essential mineral involved in numerous enzymatic reactions and critical for neuronal bioactivity, in the context of neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. The potential neuroprotective effects of magnesium, including the mechanisms of neuroprotection by magnesium through maintaining neuronal ion homeostasis, reducing inflammation, and preventing excitotoxicity, are also described. Additionally, we discuss the impact of inadequate magnesium on neuroinflammation and its potential as a therapeutic agent for attenuating cognitive decline to improve neurodegenerative conditions.
Design of energy management strategies for shared energy storage microgrid based on smart contracts under privacy protection
Authors: Liu Wentao , Ai Qian
Published: September 2024

Park microgrids, valued for their efficiency and flexibility, require privacy-conscious energy management to ensure a trusted scheduling and trading environment. This paper, focusing on park microgrids with shared energy storage, designs an energy management strategy that comprehensively considers shared energy storage, scheduling transparency, and privacy security. First, a blockchain-based energy management platform is established, forming an energy dispatch consensus committee to execute decentralized scheduling management and decision-making. Next, an optimized energy scheduling smart contract for park microgrids is designed, considering Time-of-Use (ToU) pricing and storage arbitrage to formulate the day-ahead electricity purchase and sales plans as well as the shared energy storage operation plans. Then, a privacy protection strategy based on the Shamir secret sharing scheme is proposed, effectively preventing data leakage during blockchain interactions. Finally, through case analysis, the superiority of the proposed method in microgrid optimized scheduling, data tamper-resistance, and privacy protection is demonstrated.
Coordinated scheduling of 5G base station energy storage for voltage regulation in distribution networks
Authors: Sun Peng , Zhang Mengwei , Liu Hengxi , Dai Yimin , Rao Qian
Published: September 2024

With the rapid development of 5G base station construction, significant energy storage is installed to ensure stable communication. However, these storage resources often remain idle, leading to inefficiency. To enhance the utilization of base station energy storage (BSES), this paper proposes a co-regulation method for distribution network (DN) voltage control, enabling BSES participation in grid interactions. In this paper, firstly, an energy consumption prediction model based on long and short-term memory neural network (LSTM) is established to accurately predict the daily load changes of base stations. Secondly, a BSES aggregation model is constructed by using the power feasible domain maximal inner approximation method and Minkowski summation to evaluate the charging and discharging potential and adjustable capacity of BSES clusters. Subsequently, a BSES demand assessment and optimal scheduling model for low voltage regulation in DN is developed. This model optimizes the charging and discharging strategies of BSES to alleviate low voltage problems in DN. Finally, the simulation results effectively verify the feasibility of the proposed optimal scheduling method of BSES for voltage regulation in DN.
Complete mitochondrial genomes and phylogenetic analysis of native and non-native fishes in a national key wetland of China
Authors: Zhang Rui-Qing , Bai Yang-Wei , Hu Jian-Tao , Wang Peng-Yuan , Qi Yan , Zhang Tian-Xu , Jiao He-Yang , Lin Xiao-Long , Yan Zhen-Guang
Published: September 2024

Fish are considered objective indicators of environmental health and ecosystem stability. Establishing regional reference databases of mitochondrial genome sequences from local fish communities can significantly enhance fish monitoring using environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis. For non-native species, the eDNA technique provides early detection and rapid monitoring. It is also crucial to include fundamental genetic information for both native and non-native species in genetic databases. This study presents the complete mitochondrial genomes of 17 fish species inhabiting the Baiyangdian Basin, a national key wetland in China. The mitochondrial DNA of these fish was analyzed to investigate their characteristics, and their phylogeny was determined using maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Various analyses were performed, including the examination of nucleotide composition, evaluation of AT-skew and GC-skew, analysis of codon frequency, and determination of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values, and assessment of selection pressure on protein-coding genes (PCGs). The analysis showed that all PCGs in all fish underwent purifying selection. Using Xenocyprididae as a representative, this study investigated the genetic selection tendencies of native and non-native fish species in the Baiyangdian Basin. Significant differences were found in five of the 13 PCGs: COI, COII, COIII, Cytb, and ATP8. Except for ATP8, the findings indicated that the genes of non-native species underwent stronger purifying selection during evolution compared to native species. Additionally, comparing the population ω values of non-native species to those of native species showed that the Cytb and COIII genes exhibited greater differential purification selection than COI and COII. These differences may be the result of the evolution of non-native species to migrate and adapt to the Baiyangdian Basin, thereby affecting the evolution of related genes.
Causal relationship between 150 skin microbiomes and prostate cancer: insights from bidirectional mendelian randomization and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Daolei , Hu Songqi , Wang Xinchao , Chen Zhisi , Xu Wanxian
Published: September 2024

Background

Despite relevant research, the relationship between skin microbiomes and prostate cancer remains controversial. This study utilizes bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis combined with meta-analysis to explore the potential link between the two.

Objective

This study aims to identify the causal relationship between 150 skin microbiomes and prostate cancer (PCa) using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) and meta-analysis.

Methods

This study employed a comprehensive Bidirectional Two-sample MR analysis using publicly available genetic data to ascertain the relationship between 150 skin microbiomes and PCa. We conducted extensive sensitivity analyses, tests for heterogeneity, and assessments of horizontal pleiotropy to ensure the accuracy of our results. Subsequently, we conducted a meta-analysis to strengthen our conclusions’ robustness further. Finally, we performed reverse causal verification on the positive skin microbiomes and PCa.

Results

After conducting a meta-analysis and multiple corrections of the MR analysis results, our findings reveal a correlation between Neisseria in dry skin and PCa risk, identifying it as a risk factor. The IVW result shows an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.009 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.004-1.014, P = 0.027). Furthermore, the reverse MR analysis indicates the absence of an inverse causal relationship between the two. Apart from the identified skin microbiome, no significant associations were found between the other microbiomes and PCa.

Conclusions

The study identified a correlation between Neisseria in dry skin, one of the 150 skin microbiomes, and the risk of developing PCa, establishing it as a risk factor for increased susceptibility to PCa.
Exploring glutathione transferase and Cathepsin L-like proteinase for designing of epitopes-based vaccine against Fasciola hepatica by immunoinformatics and biophysics studies
Authors: Alhassan Hassan H. , Ullah Muhammad Ikram , Niazy Abdurahman A. , Alzarea Sami I. , Alsaidan Omar Awad , Alzarea Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Alsaidan Aseel Awad , Alhassan Abulaziz A. , Alruwaili Muharib , Alruwaili Yasir S.
Published: September 2024

Fasciolosis is a zoonotic infection and is considered a developing deserted tropical illness threatening ruminant productivity and causing financial losses. Herein, we applied immunoinformatics and biophysics studies to develop an epitopes vaccine against Fasciola hepatica using glutathione transferase and Cathepsin L-like proteinase as possible vaccine candidates. Using the selected proteins, B- and T-cell epitopes were predicted. After epitopes prediction, the epitopes were clarified over immunoinformatics screening, and only five epitopes, EFGRWQQEKCTIDLD, RRNIWEKNVKHIQEH, FKAKYLTEMSRASDI, TDMTFEEFKAKYLTE, and YTAVEGQCR were selected for vaccine construction; selected epitopes were linked with the help of a GPGPG linker and attached with an adjuvant through another linker, EAAAK linker. Cholera toxin B subunit was used as an adjuvant. The ExPASy ProtParam tool server predicted 234 amino acids, 25.86257 kDa molecular weight, 8.54 theoretical pI, 36.86 instability index, and −0.424 grand average of hydropathicity. Molecular docking analysis predicted that the vaccine could activate the immune system against F. hepatica. We calculated negative binding energy values. A biophysics study, likely molecular docking molecular dynamic simulation, further validated the docking results. In molecular dynamic simulation analysis, the top hit docked compounds with the lowest binding energy values were subjected to MD simulation; the simulation analysis showed that the vaccine and immune cell receptors are stable and can activate the immune system. MMGBSA of −146.27 net energy (kcal/mol) was calculated for the vaccine–TLR2 complex, while vaccine–TLR4 of −148.11 net energy (kcal/mol) was estimated. Furthermore, the C-ImmSim bioinformatics tool predicted that the vaccine construct can activate the immune system against F. hepatica, eradicate the infection caused by F. hepatica, and reduce financial losses that need to be spent while protecting against infections of F. hepatica. The computational immune simulation unveils that the vaccine model can activate the immune system against F. hepatica; hence, the experimental scientist can validate the finding accomplished through computational approaches.
Ecological insight of seasonal plankton succession to monitor shellfish aquaculture ecosystem interactions
Authors: Sharpe Hannah , Gallardi Daria , Gurney-Smith Helen , Guyondet Thomas , McKindsey Christopher W. , Lacoursière-Roussel Anaïs
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Bivalve aquaculture has direct and indirect effects on plankton communities, which are highly sensitive to short-term (seasonal, interannual) and long-term climate changes, although how these dynamics alter aquaculture ecosystem interactions is poorly understood.

Methods

We investigate seasonal patterns in plankton abundance and community structure spanning several size fractions from 0.2 µm up to 5 mm, in a deep aquaculture embayment in northeast Newfoundland, Canada.

Results

Using flow cytometry and FlowCam imaging, we observed a clear seasonal relationship between fraction sizes driven by water column stratification (freshwater input, nutrient availability, light availability, water temperature). Plankton abundance decreased proportionally with increasing size fraction, aligning with size spectra theory. Within the bay, greater mesozooplankton abundance, and a greater relative abundance of copepods, was observed closest to the aquaculture lease. No significant spatial effect was observed for phytoplankton composition.

Discussion

While the months of August to October showed statistically similar plankton composition and size distribution slopes (i.e., food chain efficiency) and could be used for interannual variability comparisons of plankton composition, sampling for longer periods could capture long-term phenological shifts in plankton abundance and composition. Conclusions provide guidance on optimal sampling to monitor and assess aquaculture pathways of effects.
High-frequency study of megafaunal communities on whale bone, wood and carbonate in hypoxic Barkley Canyon
Authors: Smith Craig R. , Correa Paulo V. F. , Fleury Aharon G. , Levin Lisa A. , De Leo Fabio C.
Published: September 2024

Organic-rich whale bones and wood falls occur widely in the deep sea and support diverse faunal communities, contributing to seafloor habitat diversity. Changes in community structure through succession on deep-sea bone/wood substrates are modulated by ecosystem engineers, i.e., bone-eating Osedax annelids, and wood-boring Xylophaga bivalves. Here, we use a comparative experimental approach and Ocean Networks Canada’s (ONC) cabled observatory in hypoxic Barkley Canyon to study, at high temporal resolution, colonization and succession on whale-bone, Douglas fir wood, and control carbonate rock over 8.3 mo. Experimental substrates were similar in size and mounted on PVC plates near the seafloor at 890 m depth and monitored by high-definition video camera for 5-min intervals every 6-12 h over a period of 8.3 mo. A broad range of seafloor and sea-surface environmental variables were also monitored at this site over the 8.3 mo to account for environmental variability and food input. Following loss of the high-definition camera, substrates were surveyed approximately annually with lower resolution ROV video for an additional 8.5 y. We find that megafaunal abundances, species diversity, and community structure varied substantially over 8.3 mo on each substrate, with markedly different patterns on whale bones due to the development of extensive white bacterial mats. A combination of seafloor and sea surface variables explained < 35% of bone/wood community variation. Bone-eating Osedax annelids failed to colonize whale bones even after 9.2 years, and boring Xylophaga bivalves colonized the wood at much lower rates than in better oxygenated deep-sea locations. Species diversity on whale-bone and wood substrates appeared to be substantially reduced due to the absence of ecosystem engineers and the low oxygen concentrations. We hypothesize that Osedax/Xylophaga colonization, bone/wood degradation, and bone/wood community development may be limited by oxygen concentrations of 0.22 - 0.33 ml.l on the NE Pacific margin, and that OMZ expansion due to climate change will reduce whale-bone and wood degradation, and the contribution of whale falls and wood falls to beta diversity, on the NE Pacific margin.
Association between sleep duration and chronic musculoskeletal pain in US adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Chong , Huang Huaping , Xia Qingjie , Zhang Li
Published: September 2024

Background

This study aims to explore the association between sleep duration and the prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP).

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2010, which involved multiple centers across the United States. The study included 3,904 adults selected based on age and complete data availability. Demographic variables such as gender, age, race, and socioeconomic status (represented by the poverty-to-income ratio) were considered.

Results

Of the participants, 1,595 reported less than 7 h of sleep, 2,046 reported 7–8 h, and 263 reported more than 9 h of sleep. Short sleep duration was associated with higher odds of CMP (OR, 1.611, 95% CI: 1.224–2.120, p = 0.005). Long sleep duration also showed a higher prevalence (OR, 1.751; 95% CI, 0.923 to 3.321; p = 0.059), although this result was not statistically significant. A U-shaped relationship emerged (Effective degree of freedom (EDF) = 3.32, p < 0.001), indicating that 7 h of sleep was associated with the lowest odds of CMP. In individuals with sleep durations less than 7 h, each hour increment correlated with 22.8% reduced odds of CMP (OR, 0.772; 95% CI, 0.717–0.833; p = 0.002). Beyond 7 h, each hour increment was associated with 38.9% increased odds of CMP (OR, 1.389; 95% CI, 1.103–1.749; p = 0.049).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that both insufficient and excessive sleep durations are linked to a higher prevalence of CMP, highlighting the importance of optimal sleep duration for musculoskeletal health.
Alleviating arsenic stress affecting the growth of Vigna radiata through the application of Klebsiella strain ASBT-KP1 isolated from wastewater
Authors: Prasad Megha , Madhavan Ajith , Babu Pradeesh , Salim Amrita , Subhash Suja , Nair Bipin G. , Pal Sanjay
Published: September 2024

Arsenic contamination of soil and water is a major environmental issue. Bioremediation through plant growth-promoting bacteria is viable, cost-effective, and sustainable. Along with arsenic removal, it also improves plant productivity under stressful conditions. A crucial aspect of such a strategy is the selection of bacterial inoculum. The described study demonstrates that the indigenous wastewater isolate, ASBT-KP1, could be a promising candidate. Identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, ASBT-KP1 harbors genes associated with heavy metal and oxidative stress resistance, production of antimicrobial compounds and growth-promotion activity. The isolate efficiently accumulated 30 μg/g bacterial dry mass of arsenic. Tolerance toward arsenate and arsenite was 120 mM and 70 mM, respectively. Plant biomass content of Vigna radiata improved by 13% when grown in arsenic-free soil under laboratory conditions in the presence of the isolate. The increase became even more significant under the same conditions in the presence of arsenic, recording a 37% increase. The phylogenetic analysis assigned ASBT-KP1 to the clade of Klebsiella strains that promote plant growth. Similar results were also observed in Oryza sativa, employed to assess the ability of the strain to promote growth, in plants other than V. radiata. This study identifies a prospective candidate in ASBT-KP1 that could be employed as a plant growth-promoting rhizoinoculant in agricultural practices.
Cortical activation in elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia during working memory tasks: a multichannel fNIRS study
Authors: Ruan Nairong , Li Xingxing , Xu Ting , Zhao Zheng , Mei Xi , Zheng Chengying
Published: September 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate cortical activation and functional connectivity in the cortex during working memory (WM) tasks in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Methods

A total of 17 older adults with AD and 17 cognitively normal (CN) participants were recruited. fNIRS was utilized to monitor oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentrations in the frontotemporal lobe, while participants performed WM tasks to examine WM impairments in subjects with AD. Student’s t-test for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables were used to compare the clinical and HbO variables between the AD and CN groups. Functional connectivity was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the time series of each channel-to-channel pair.

Results

The changes in HbO concentrations and cortical activations during the WM task showed that the HbO concentration curve of the CN group was higher than that of the AD group during the encoding and maintenance phases of the WM task. Although in the brain region scale, there were no significant differences in average HbO concentrations between the two groups, many channels located in the frontal and temporal lobes showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the average HbO (channels 7 and 32) and slope HbO values (channels 7, 8, 9, 23, 30, 34, and 38) during the WM task. The average functional connectivity of the AD group was significantly lower than that of the CN group (p < 0.05). The functional connectivity was stronger in the frontopolar (FP) region than in other areas in both groups.

Conclusion

This study revealed there were significant differences in HbO concentration in older adult patients with AD compared to CN during the WM task. The characteristics of HbO measured by the fNIRS technique can be valuable for distinguishing between AD and CN in older adults.
Mechanisms underlying delirium in patients with critical illness
Authors: Fan Ying-Ying , Luo Ruo-Yu , Wang Meng-Tian , Yuan Chao-Yun , Sun Yuan-Yuan , Jing Ji-Yong
Published: September 2024

Delirium is an acute, global cognitive disorder syndrome, also known as acute brain syndrome, characterized by disturbance of attention and awareness and fluctuation of symptoms. Its incidence is high among critically ill patients. Once patients develop delirium, it increases the risk of unplanned extubation, prolongs hospital stay, increases the risk of nosocomial infection, post-intensive care syndrome-cognitive impairment, and even death. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand how delirium occurs and to reduce the incidence of delirium in critically ill patients. This paper reviews the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of delirium in critically ill patients, with the aim of better understanding its pathophysiological processes, guiding the formulation of effective prevention and treatment strategies, providing a basis for clinical medication.
Case report: MEK inhibitor as treatment for multi-lineage mosaic KRAS G12D-associated epidermal nevus syndrome in a pediatric patient
Authors: Dionysiou Margarita , Makri Stavriani C. , Ahlawat Shivani , Guryildirim Melike , Barañano Kristin W. , Groves Mari L. , Argani Pedram , Pratilas Christine A.
Published: September 2024

The RASopathies, collectively, are a spectrum of genetic syndromes caused by mutations in genes involved in the RAS/ mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, including but not limited to PTPN11, NRAS, KRAS, HRAS, BRAF, and MAP2K1. Recognized RASopathy conditions include neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Noonan syndrome, capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome, Costello syndrome, cardiofacio-cutaneous (CFC) syndrome, LEOPARD syndrome and Legius syndrome. The RASopathies often display overlapping clinical features, presumably owing to common RAS-MAPK signaling pathway activation driving dysregulated cell proliferation. Epidermal nevus syndromes (ENS) are described as the presence of epidermal nevi, in individuals also affected by extra-cutaneous organ system involvement, and there is recent recognition of mosaic RAS mutations as molecular drivers of ENS. Currently, no curative treatments exist for RASopathy driven conditions, but rather symptom-directed management is the currently accepted standard. Here, we detail a unique case of a child exhibiting diffuse spinal nerve root hypertrophy in the context of epidermal nevus syndrome driven by molecularly confirmed KRAS G12D mosaicism, treated with the MEK 1/2 inhibitor selumetinib. Herein, we report the response of this patient to targeted therapy of more than two years’ duration, including stabilization of multilevel nerve root hypertrophy as well as significant improvement in epidermal nevi. While the effectiveness of MEK inhibitors such as selumetinib is established in NF1-associated inoperable plexiform neurofibromas, their use in managing hyperactive KRAS-driven epidermal nevi and hypertrophic neuropathy remains unproven, and this case, to our knowledge, is the first such case to be reported. Shared molecular dysregulation and overlapping clinical features between these conditions suggest potential for effective therapeutic application of MEK directed therapy to address a range of conditions resulting from germline and/ or mosaic expression of aberrantly regulated RAS signaling.