bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indian IT and ICT Industry: A Performance Analysis Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Index
Authors: Mathur Somesh
Published: July 2007

The present study gives an account of IT and ICT infrastructure in India and points out the reasons for the boom in the IT exports and outsourcing business today and in times to come. The article analyzes the performances of the Indian IT industry by working out the technical efficiency of the software and telecommunication firms using the mathematical model of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The DEA is a non linear programming way of calculating technical efficiency of the decision making units. The study also examines the impact of various determinants on technical efficiency of software firms and net exports across the IT firms and further examines the determinants for new technology adoption by telecommunication industries, because the success of the software firms in terms of its exports is intertwined with the performance of telecommunication industry. The study uses a Malmquist index to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) change for the common set of software firms existing between 1996 and 2006 using a prowess data base. The total factor productivity is decomposed into efficiency change (catching up phenomena) and technical change (innovations) for the common set of software firms existing between 1996 and 2006 in India. At the end the study works out the performance of the Indian ICT sector in comparison with countries which are front runners using the DEA and global information technology report 2006 data base. The study will quantify the changes needed in the relatively good Indian ICT environment and ICT readiness to increase its ICT usage among individuals, business and government. The article confirms the improvements in productivity, efficiency, and technical change of the Indian Software industry from 1996 to 2006.
Globalization--Indian Experience and Perspective
Authors: Nayak Satyendra S.
Published: July 2007

This article deals with the philosophy of Globalization, as well as Indian economic policy and response in pursuing reforms.
Heat Waves, Global Warming & Mitigation
Authors: Carlson Ann E.
Published: July 2007

Why do heat waves, which annually cause far more death, on average, than any other natural disaster, provoke little public reaction? Heat waves will become more common place and heat wave deaths more frequent as temperatures increase from climate change. Models predict that annual heat wave deaths in the U.S. by 2050 will easily surpass the death toll from Hurricane Katrina. This Article analyzes extensive data about heat waves, evaluates why heat waves seem not to raise widespread public concern and suggests that mechanisms already exist -- though widely ignored -- to mitigate the worst effects of excess heat. These mechanisms include careful emergency planning, the provision of air conditioning availability and funding, and larger structural changes in the delivery of electricity, energy efficiency and land use planning. Yet the nature of the victims of heat waves combined with cognitive mechanisms that cause individuals to systematically underestimate risk from heat waves and the fact that heat waves cause little property damage all contribute to a failure by many jurisdictions to adopt policies and programs that can mitigate heat wave deaths.
Fractal Analysis of the Attenuation of Noise Inflow to Bioreactors under Monotonic, Oscillating and Chaotic Conditions
Authors: Patnaik Pratap R
Published: July 2007

The influx of noise through inlet streams is often a problem in the operation of large-scale microbial fermentations. It can distort the otherwise smooth performance and, more seriously, displace the fermentation to an undesirable state. Therefore, removal or reduction of the noise content of measured data is important for retrieving the true process variables for bioreactor operation and control. This is done by noise filters, which are soft devices that process noisy data and generate less noisy values with identifiable features. Three types of filters have been compared here by applying them to a continuous fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae under (a) monotonic, (b) oscillating and (c) chaotic operation. Recognising self-similarity as a characteristic feature under the influence of noise, fractal dimensions of the output concentrations are suggested as effective indexes of both noise-affected and noise-filtered performance. On this basis, a hybrid neural filter (HNF) was the best, an auto-associative neural filter (ANF) was somewhat inferior and an extended Kalman filter (EKF) the poorest. While these results and similar observations for other microbial systems favour the use of both fractal dimensions and the HNF, the EKF and other algorithmic filters have some merits, which are discussed.
Letter: Why Are Economists So Unscientific?
Authors: Heigham David
Published: July 2007

David Heigham reflects on the lack of testing of economic theory.
IDG-FEM Models for Survival and Growth of L. monocytogenes in Camembert Cheese
Authors: Liu Shaowei , Puri Virendra M.
Published: July 2007

The cumulative effect of pH and moisture content on the survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes was studied. Experiments were conducted to determine survival and growth characteristics of L. monocytogenes during ripening of Camembert cheese. Previously developed and verified pH and moisture content models were integrated with a dynamic survival and growth model for L. monocytogenes. In all, three PC-based computational models in MATLAB environment representing three levels of spatial detail were developed for calculating L. monocytogenes population during ripening phase of Camembert cheese. The integrated dynamic growth-finite element method (IDG-FEM) models' predicted survival and growth values were in good agreement with experimental data. The R2 values for the most detailed location-specific, intermediate detail region-specific, and overall section-specific IDG-FEM models were between 0.92 to 0.95, 0.99 and 0.98, and 0.98, respectively. The standard errors for three models between the experimental and predicted values varied from 0.26 to 0.54, 0.28 and 0.52, and 0.14 (CFU/g), respectively.
Effects of Heat Treatment and Dehydration on Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) Cell Walls
Authors: Femenia Antoni , Simal Susana , Taberner Carme Garau , Rosselló Carmen
Published: July 2007

The effects of thermal processing on the physico-chemical properties of cell walls from pineapple flesh tissues have been investigated. Commercially canned pineapple exhibited a similar cell wall composition to the fresh pineapple sample, although a marked increase in cell wall solubility, from 21 to 34%, was detected. Dehydration promoted important changes in cell wall components and related functional properties, in particular when relatively high air-drying temperatures were applied. Thus, samples dried at 60ºC and, in particular at 80ºC, exhibited a larger solubilisation/degradation of pectic polysaccharides, probably due to either ?-elimination processes or enzyme-catalyzed degradation. On a fresh weight basis, about 14% and up to 39% of cell wall pectins were not recovered for the dried pineapple at 60ºC and 80ºC, respectively. Pectins from the latter samples also exhibited a notable decrease in the degree of esterification. These physico-chemical changes were probably reflected on the decrease of functional properties such as swelling (Sw), water retention capacity (WRC) and fat adsorption capacity (FAC). Nevertheless, fresh, canned and dehydrated pineapple at 40ºC exhibited higher WRC and FAC values, about 30 g water/g AIR and 15 g oil/g AIR, respectively. A gradual decrease of Sw, WRC and FAC values was observed for the functional properties of pineapple samples dried at 60 and 80ºC. Moreover, high air-drying temperatures also promoted a significant decrease in cell wall solubility. Therefore, the influence that these effects might have on the nutritional properties of cell walls or dietary fibre of thermally processed fruits such as canned and/or dehydrated pineapple needs to be considered.
Dynamic Viscoelastic Properties of Rice Kernels Studied by Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer
Authors: Chen Ke-cheng , Li Dong , Wang Li-jun , Özkan Necati , Chen Xiao Dong , Mao Zhi-huai
Published: July 2007

Dynamic viscoelastic properties of brown rice kernels were investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). In order to meet the sample requirements for the DMA and prevent moisture loss of rice kernels during the DMA measurements, necessary precautions were taken. To prevent moisture loss of rice kernels during the DMA measurements at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 120 degrees centigrade, rice kernels were wrapped with a thin layer of sealing film. Then the wrapped rice kernels were additionally covered with an aluminum foil. Two ends of the wrapped brown rice kernels were cut with a razor blade; subsequently both ends of the cut rice kernels were filed using fine sandpaper to produce near cylindrical rice kernels with parallel ends. The storage modulus of the rice kernels decreased with increasing temperature and moisture content. The loss modulus and the tan delta (loss factor) of the rice kernels as a function of temperature showed clear peaks, which are associated with the glass transition of rice kernels. Two rice varieties had been investigated, and the results showed that the dynamic viscoelastic properties of these rice samples were not significantly different. The glass transition temperatures for the long-grain rice kernels with the moisture contents of 17.4, 13.8, and 10.9 wt.% were determined as 45, 58, and 66 degrees centigrade, respectively.
Adverse Selection in Retiree Prescription Drug Plans
Authors: Goldman Dana P , Joyce Geoffrey , Karaca-Mandic Pinar , Sood Neeraj
Published: July 2007

We used claims data from a large U.S. employer that introduced changes in its medical and drug coverage offerings in 2002 for non-Medicare eligible retirees. In addition to the existing plans, the employer introduced two new plans in 2002 that were less generous both in terms of medical and drug coverage. Further, one of the new plans had an annual benefit limit of $2,500 on prescription drugs, similar to the doughnut hole in the standard Medicare Part D benefit. We examined beneficiaries switching behavior in response to the new choice set and estimated the independent effects of medical and drug benefits on plan selection. We found that beneficiaries in better health were more likely to switch to the new, less generous plans. While the generosity of the medical benefit played a more important role in choosing a plan, choices did not vary significantly by health status. In contrast, sicker individuals were more likely to enroll in plans with generous drug benefits. This suggests that drug coverage may be more susceptible to adverse selection than medical insurance.
Passivity Based Dynamic Controllability Analysis for Multi-Unit Processes
Authors: Santoso Herry , Bao Jie , Lee Peter
Published: July 2007

In this paper, a simple dynamic controllability analysis is developed to analyze the achievable control performance of different control structures for multi-unit processes. Based on the concept of passive systems, this approach extends the concepts of Decentralized Integral Controllability (DIC) and Block-Decentralized Integral Controllability (BDIC) so that process dynamics are considered. By using particular multipliers that represent different control structures, the frequency ranges in which perfect control may be achieved by multi-loop, multi-unit (block diagonal) and multivariable controllers are estimated. This bandwidth indicates the swiftness of the feedback control systems (e.g., the time the control systems take to reject a disturbance).
Modelling of the Development of the Vertical Density Profile of MDF during Hot Pressing
Authors: Gupta Arun , Jordan Patrick , Pang Shusheng
Published: July 2007

The hot pressing operation is one of the most important operations in medium density fibreboard (MDF) manufacture. Complicated dynamic interactions occur during pressing, including heat transfer, moisture movement, development of gas pressure, internal stress development and relaxation, wood consolidation, resin curing, bonding between particles and eventual development of a non-uniform density distribution through the panel thickness. Consequently the mat experiences continuously changing internal conditions (temperature and moisture content) as the pressing operation proceeds. The vertical density profile (VDP) has a major influence on the MDF strength and physical properties. This influence of the VDP on the board properties is generally recognised, but the formation of the density profile and their specific effects on the board performance have proved difficult to quantify. A mathematical model based on theoretical analysis and experimental information is being developed. In the model, the mat is divided into a number of thin parallel layers. The deformation of each layer is a function of stress, temperature and moisture content of the layer. The model incorporates the variation of the mat mechanical and rheological properties with moisture content and temperature. The changes in temperature and moisture content are provided by a separate heat and mass transfer model. The present model can predict stress, strain, layer deformation and density across the thickness during pressing. The performance of the model was validated by experiments conducted in a pilot-scale press. Twelve MDF boards were made with different pressing parameters, and the VDP were measured and compared with the simulation results from the model. The model could predict the density profile with an acceptable accuracy for the main variables that control the manufacturing of MDF boards.
Emigration and Brain Drain: Evidence from the Caribbean
Authors: Mishra Prachi
Published: July 2007

This paper quantifies the magnitude and nature of migration flows from the Caribbean and estimates their costs and benefits. The Caribbean countries have lost 1040 percent of their labor force due to emigration to OECD member countries. The migration rates are particularly striking for the high-skilled labor force. Many countries have lost more than 70 percent of their labor force with more than 12 years of completed schoolingamong the highest emigration rates in the world. The region is also the world's largest recipient of remittances as a percent of GDP. Remittances constituted about 13 percent of the regions GDP in 2002. Simple welfare calculations (under very conservative assumptions of elasticities) suggest that the losses due to high-skill migration (ceteris paribus) outweigh the official remittances to the Caribbean region.
Understanding the Internet's Relevance to Media Ownership Policy: A Model of Too Many Choices
Authors: Nagler Matthew G.
Published: July 2007

Does the Internet provide a failsafe against media consolidation in the wake of an easing of media ownership rules? This paper posits a model of news outlet selection on the Internet in which consumers experience cognitive costs that increase with the number of options faced. Consistent with psychological evidence, these costs may be reduced by constraining one's choice set to "safe bets" familiar from offline (e.g., CNN.com). It is shown that, as the number of outlets grows, dispersion of patronage across outlets inevitably declines. Consequently, independent Internet outlets may fail to mitigate lost outlet independence on other media.
Do Environmental Regulations Cost Jobs? An Industry-Level Analysis of the UK
Authors: Cole Matthew A , Elliott Rob J
Published: July 2007

This paper revisits the 'jobs versus the environment' debate and provides the first analysis for a country other than the US. We firstly examine the impact of environmental regulations on employment assuming such regulations are exogenous. However, for the first time in a study of this nature, we then allow environmental regulation costs and employment to be endogenously determined. Environmental regulation costs are not found to have a statistically significant effect on employment whether such costs are treated as being exogenous or endogenous. We therefore find no evidence of a trade-off between jobs and the environment.
Class Matters: Inequality, SES, Education and Childhood in the USA and Canada Today
Authors: Farnen Russell F.
Published: July 2007

This article examines recent trends in childhood and youth policy, political socialization, and civic education in the USA and Canada since 2000. It examines some of the current trends (such as political socialization and education research findings on children and youth) as well as policy initiatives (such as the landmark federal legislation called the ‘No Child Left Behind’ law which mandates yearly testing in reading, writing, and mathematics from grade 5 on while totally ignoring other fields critical to democratic political development (such as social studies and civics). In addition, the article broaches the subject of class and socio-economic status (SES) in the US educational system and other trends such as introducing service learning into the elementary grades. Briefly put, all measures used for evaluation to date point to SES as the principal determinant of test performance, along with race, ethnicity, urban residence, and other such background factors. Service learning is also worth discussing both for its philosophical roots (which are firmly middle class) but also for its fit with the US and Canadian volunteeristic capitalistic political cultures which stress self-reliance and individualism. The article also considers some of the counter-effectiveness research that people (such as Gerald Bracey) use to indicate that except for its elitism, the US/Canadian educational systems are not underperforming and that educational critics have a hostile anti-public policy stance because they wish to privatize everything, regardless of the consequences therefrom to a democratic society.
Lifelong Political Socialization, Consciousness and Political Agency in Israel Today
Authors: Michel Dirk
Published: July 2007

This article deals with the nexus between biographical experiences in political extraordinary times of crisis, disaster and terror and their influence on political orientations. At the centre of interest is the reconstruction of political orientations related to two different historical-political groups of Jewish Germans who had immigrated or escaped either to Palestine before May 1948 or to the State of Israel after the Second World War. The first group of German Zionists emigrated to Israel at the time of the British Mandate and the second group were German Jews who survived the German concentration camps. The extraordinary background of the life courses, i.e. the ‘Zionist period’ in Palestine or the German concentration camps, were the historical-political experiences that both groups had to face in their childhood and youth. These extraordinary life experiences are analysed in connection with their political attitudes regarding contemporary Israeli internal politics as well as political questions dealing with the Middle East conflict.
The first record of Dracunculus mulbus (Nematoda: Dracunculidae) in the Papuan olive python Apodora papuana (Ophidia: Boidae)
Authors: Moravec F. , Gibson D.
Published: July 2007

A male specimen of Dracunculus (Nematoda: Dracunculidae), collected in 1973 from the lung of the Papuan olive python Apodora papuana (Peters et Doria) and now deposited in the helminthological collection of the Natural History Museum in London, is identified as Dracunculus mulbus Jones et Mulder, 2007, a species recently described from the water python Liasis fuscus Peters in northern Australia. Apodora papuana is a new host record for D. mulbus and Papua New Guinea is apparently a new geographical record.
The existence of multiple positive solutions of p-Laplacian boundary value problems
Authors: Liu Yuji
Published: July 2007

In this paper, we establish sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of at least three or 2n − 1 positive solutions of nonlocal boundary value problems consisting of the second-order differential equation with p-Laplacian (1)
$$[\phi _p (x'(t))]' + f(t,x(t)) = 0, t \in (0,1),$$
and one of following boundary conditions (2)
$$x(0) = \int\limits_0^1 {x(s) dh(s),} \phi _p (x'(1)) = \int\limits_0^1 {\phi _p (x'(s)) dg(s)} ,$$
and (3)
$$\phi _p (x'(0)) = \int\limits_0^1 {\phi _p (x'(s)) dh(s),} x(1) = \int\limits_0^1 {x(s) dg(s)} .$$
Examples are presented to illustrate the main results.
Bimorpholines as Alternative Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Aldol Reactions
Authors: Kriis Kadri , Laars Marju , Lippur Kristin , Kanger Tõnis
Published: July 2007

Asymmetric organocatalytic aldol condensation is discussed on the basis of intramolecular and inter-molecular reactions. In addition to the widely used proline and its derivatives an application of the new type of the organocatalyst – bimorpholines in the above-mentioned reactions
is described. The new catalyst has a unique C2-symmetric skeleton with four acceptor sites that makes it stereoselective and efficient. Small changes in the structure of the catalyst lead to a remarkable loss of selectivity.
Super Brønsted Acid Catalysis in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Yamamoto Hisashi , Boxer Matthew B.
Published: July 2007

This mini-review concerns the rapidly growing field of Brønsted acid catalysis. Brønsted acid catalysts are able to play an important role in green chemistry. Without the use of any transition metal catalysts, various organic transformations including asymmetric synthesis
can be performed efficiently. This review summarizes our recent results in this field.
When Mothers Have Favourites: Conditions under Which Mothers Differentiate among Their Adult Children
Authors: Suitor J. Jill , Sechrist Jori , Pillemer Karl
Published: July 2007

Research has shown that mothers often differentiate among their adult children in terms of closeness and support; however, studies have not addressed why some mothers report preferences among children and others do not. To distinguish between mothers who do and do not report favouring some of their adult children, we used data from a within-family study in which 553 older mothers were interviewed about each of their children. Almost all of the mothers reported differentiating among their children regarding emotional closeness, confiding, or preference among caregivers. Multivariate analyses revealed that mothers' values and mother-child value similarity predicted which mothers differentiated among their children regarding closeness and confiding, whereas mothers' and children's demographic characteristics predicted which mothers differentiated regarding preferred caregivers. Black mothers were less likely than white mothers to differentiate when seeking a confidant; however, race played no role in mothers' likelihood of differentiating regarding emotional closeness or help during illness. Taken together, these findings indicate that differentiating among adult children is common; further, family-level predictors of mothers' differentiating mirror the patterns shown in dyad-level analyses of mothers' favouritism.
Living Long and Keeping Well: Elderly Canadians Account for Success in Aging
Authors: Bassett Raewyn , Bourbonnais Valérie , McDowell Ian
Published: July 2007

Senescence is a time of decline; yet many seniors remain active and engaged into very old age. How and why do some seniors live long and keep well? We report the responses to this question from a representative sample of 2,783 Canadian seniors.

Overall, seniors placed primary responsibility for their long lives on their own individual practices, citing keeping active and maintaining good nutrition as the major themes. Physical illness was less significant than the will to adapt to illness and avoid further physical decline as long as possible. Francophone and anglophone respondents differed in the frequency with which they mentioned many of the themes. Francophones focused on life quality and family, while anglophones focused on the self. Systematic gender differences were also identified. Many responses validate existing theories of successful aging, and indicate that Canadian seniors are well-informed, insightful participants in the process of growing old.
W5O14 Nanowires
Authors: Remškar M. , Kovac J. , Viršek M. , Mrak M. , Jesih A. , Seabaugh A.
Published: July 2007

We report on the synthesis of quasi‐1D W5O14 crystals using NiI2 as a growth promoter. Photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the metallic conductivity of the W5O14 nanowires, which was also confirmed by direct‐transport measurements on a double‐stranded nanowire. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron‐diffraction data are correlated with details of crystal growth revealing the possible mechanism of the formation of this rarely synthesized phase, which was reported as a homogeneous phase only in 1978 by McColm et al., and in the meantime has been declared as a compound that is rare.
Preparation and catalytic properties of a bimetallic SnPt complex in the supercages of NaY zeolite by use of surface organometallic chemistry
Authors: Zheng Ying , Wang Xuxu , Fu Xianzhi , Wei Kemei
Published: July 2007

The grafting reaction of SnMe4 on the surface of Pt/NaY zeolite was investigated in a 1.6 × 104 Pa hydrogen atmosphere. The chemical compositions, structure and properties of the resulting solid were characterized by in situ FTIR, ICP, XRD, XPS, temperature programmed decomposition and nitrogen adsorption. The results show that Pt atoms of Pt/NaY zeolite react with tetramethyltin to form a bimetallic Me3SnPt surface species in the presence of hydrogen at 353 K. The reaction does not destroy the zeolite framework, while its surface properties are changed. The BET surface area and the pore volume of the zeolite decrease significantly. The CO chemisorption results and the XPS results show that the electronic properties of the modified Pt atoms on the surface of NaY zeolite are altered remarkably by the inductive effect of electron between Pt and methyl groups. The grafted product has excellent selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age‐related Changes in Marmoset Trabecular and Cortical Bone and Response to Alendronate Therapy Resemble Human Bone Physiology and Architecture
Authors: Bagi Cedo M. , Volberg Marlo , Moalli Maria , Shen Victor , Olson Ellen , Hanson Nels , Berryman Edwin , Andresen Catharine J.
Published: July 2007

In older humans, bone elongation ceases, periosteal expansion continues, and bone remodeling remains a dominant metabolic process. An appropriate animal model of type I and type II osteoporosis would be a species with sealed growth plates and persistence of bone remodeling. The rat is commonly used as a primary model, but due to delayed epiphyseal closure with continuous modeling and lack of Haversian remodeling, Food and Drug Administration guidelines recommend assessment of bone quality in an additional, nonrodent, remodeling species. This study investigated the skeletal characteristics of senescent marmosets to evaluate their suitability as an osteoporosis model. Animals were randomized across three experimental groups; controls for both sexes and marmosets receiving alendronate for either 30 or 60 days (28 μg/kg, sc, twice per week). Outcome measures included serum chemistry and bone biomarkers, DEXA, histomorphometry, micro‐computed tomography, and histopathology. Results showed that the adult marmoset skeleton has similar anatomical characteristics to the adult human, including the absence of growth plates, presence of Haversian system, and true remodeling of cancellous and cortical bone. Structural analyses of senescent marmoset cancellous bone demonstrated loss of trabecular mass and architecture similar to skeletal changes described for elderly men and women. Treatment with alendronate improved trabecular volume and number by reducing bone resorption, although bone formation was also reduced through coupling of bone remodeling. The common marmoset may provide a valuable model for research paradigms targeting human bone pathology and osteoporosis due to skeletal features that are similar to age‐related changes and response to bisphosphonate therapy reported for humans. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conformationally Restrained Aromatic Analogues of Fosmidomycin and FR900098
Authors: Kurz Thomas , Schlüter Katrin , Pein Miriam , Behrendt Christoph , Bergmann Bärbel , Walter Rolf D.
Published: July 2007

The synthesis and in‐vitro antimalarial activity of conformationally restrained bis(pivaloyloxymethyl) ester analogues of the natural product fosmidomycin is presented. In contrast to α‐aryl‐substituted analogues, conformationally restrained aromatic analogues exhibit only moderate in‐vitro antimalarial activity against the chloroquine‐sensitive strain 3D7 of Plasmodium falciparum. The most active derivative displays an IC50 value of 47 μM.
Quinoline‐Based Derivatives of Pirinixic Acid as Dual PPAR α/γ Agonists
Authors: Popescu Laura , Rau Oliver , Böttcher Jark , Syha Yvonne , Schubert‐Zsilavecz Manfred
Published: July 2007

Pirinixic acid is known for its peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) agonistic action. In a recent publication, we have shown that aliphatic α‐substitution of pirinixic acid enhances both PPARα and PPARγ agonism. The goal of this study was to evaluate, whether the PPAR agonism of pirinixic acid may be also maintained in quinoline‐based derivatives. The present study revealed that the mere substitution of the dimethyl aniline moiety of pirinixic acid by quinoline leads to a total loss of PPARα/γ agonism, whereas concomitant α‐substitution with n‐butyl or n‐hexyl groups restores and even enforces PPAR activation, leading to potent dual PPARα/γ agonists. In the following we report the synthesis of quinoline‐based derivatives of pirinixic acid, which in a Gal4‐based luciferase‐reporter gene assay proved to be potent dual PPARα/γ agonists. Molecular docking of compound 4 with FlexX suggests a binding mode resembling to that of tesaglitazar.
Synthesis of Four Natural Prenylflavonoids and Their Estrogen‐like Activities
Authors: Dong Xiaowu , Fan Yongjian , Yu Lingjun , Hu Yongzhou
Published: July 2007

Four prenylflavonoids, bavachin 1, isobavachin 2, 7,4′‐dihydroxy‐8‐prenylflavone 3, and 8‐prenylapigenin 4 were synthesized and recognized for possessing estrogen‐like activity in MCF‐7/BOS cells, as evaluated by an estrogen‐screening assay. All compounds significantly stimulated the proliferation of MCF‐7/BOS cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Isobavachin 2 showed the most potent activity, while bavachin 1 was the weakest. The estrogenic potency of these compounds is ranked as follows: 2 > 4 > 3 > 1.
Studies on the interaction between tetraphenylporphyrin compounds and bovine serum albumin
Authors: Tian Jianniao , Liu Xiuhong , Zhao Yanchun , Zhao Shulin
Published: July 2007

The interaction of three porphyrin compounds with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was examined by fluorescence emission spectra at the excitation wavelength 280 nm and in UV‐Vis absorption spectra. Through fluorescence quenching experiments, it was confirmed that the combination of three porphyrin compounds with BSA was a single static quenching process. The binding constant KA, the thermodynamic parameters enthalpy change (ΔH0), Gibbs free energy change (ΔG0) and entropy change (ΔS0) were obtained. It was found that hydrophobic interaction played a main role in tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) or tetraparacholophenylporphyrin (TClPP) binding to BSA, while tetraparamethoxyphenylporphyrin (TMEOPP) mainly based on van der Waals' force. According to Föster energy transfer, the separate distance r, the energy transfer efficiency E and Föster radium R0 were calculated. The results obtained from the above experiments showed that three porphyrin compounds were tightly bound to BSA. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a novel neodymium compound for in vivo fluorescence imaging
Authors: Aita Kazuki , Temma Takashi , Kuge Yuji , Saji Hideo
Published: July 2007

We developed a novel fluorescent probe that contains the neodymium(III) complex moiety and fluorescein moiety. This probe can emit long‐lived near‐infrared luminescence derived from a Nd ion through excitation of the fluorescein moiety with visible light (λex = 488 nm, λem = 880 nm, lifetime = 2.3 µs). These results indicate the possibility of the probe as a candidate for in vivo fluorescence molecular imaging. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Mononuclear Cyclopentadiene–Iron Complex Grafted in the Supercages of HY Zeolite: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity
Authors: Long Jinlin , Wang Xuxu , Zhang Guoying , Dong Jingguo , Yan Tingjiang , Li Zhaohui , Fu Xianzhi
Published: July 2007

The reaction of ferrocene with the acidic hydroxy groups in the supercages of zeolite HY dehydrated at 673 K and the reactivity of the resultant surface species towards CO and O2 were investigated by temperature‐programmed decomposition (TPD) and reduction (TPR) and IR, X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis (XAFS), and X‐ray photoelectron (XP) spectroscopy. In situ FTIR, TPD, TPR, and chemical analysis reveal that the Cp2Fe molecule adsorbed on the zeolite surface loses one cyclopentadienyl group under vacuum at 423 K, which leads to the formation of a well‐defined mononuclear surface Fe‐C5H6 complex grafted to two acidic sites and one (Si‐O‐Si) unit, as confirmed by the lack of Fe–Fe contributions in the EXAFS spectra. Each iron atom is coordinated, on average, to three oxygen atoms of the zeolite surface with a FeO distance of 2.00 Å and to five carbon atoms with a FeC distance of 2.09 Å. IR spectra indicate that the cyclopentadiene–iron species grafted on the surface of the zeolite is quite stable in vacuo or under an inert or hydrogen atmosphere below 423 K, and is also relatively stable under oxygen at room temperature. However, the cyclopentadiene ligand readily reacts with CO to form a compound containing carbonyl at 323 K, and even at room temperature. The single carbonyl band in the IR spectra provides evidence for the nearly uniform formation of a cyclopentadiene–iron species on the surface of the zeolite.
Structural Chemistry of an n = 1 Member of the Ruddlesden—Popper Srn+1 (Co0.5Ta0.5)nO3n+1 Homologous Series: Sr4CoTaO8.
Authors: Boulahya Khalid , Parras Marina , Gonzalez‐Calbet Jose Maria
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Basic Evidence of the Molecular Dispersion of MnCeOx Catalysts Synthesized via a Novel “Redox‐Precipitation” Route.
Authors: Arena Francesco , Trunfio Giuseppe , Negro Jacopo , Fazio Barbara , Spadaro Lorenzo
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reaction of Unsymmetrical Trifluoromethyl‐Containing 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with “Push—Pull” Enamines.
Authors: Sibgatulin Dmitriy A. , Volochnyuk Dmitriy M. , Kostyuk Alexander N.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Study of Cyclization of N‐Acylphenacyl Anthranilates with Ammonium Salts under Various Conditions.
Authors: Hradil Pavel , Grepl Martin , Hlavac Jan , Lycka Antonin
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Isomerization of Allenyl Carbinol Esters: An Efficient Access to Functionalized 1,3‐Butadien‐2‐ol Esters.
Authors: Buzas Andrea K. , Istrate Florin M. , Gagosz Fabien
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Method for the Synthesis of N‐(2‐Aminoethyl)azoles by Alkylation of Azoles with 2‐Alkyl‐4,5‐dihydrooxazoles.
Authors: Popkov S. V. , Skvortsova M. N.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chromium(0) Alkynylcarbene Complexes as Cβ‐Electrophilic Carbene Equivalents: Regioselective Access to Dienynes and Dienediynes.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Garcia‐Garcia Patricia , de Saa Diana , Fernandez‐Rodriguez Manuel A. , Bernardo de la Rua Ramon , Ballesteros Alfredo , Aguilar Enrique , Tomas Miguel
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
First Catalytic and Green Synthesis of Aryl‐(Z)‐vinyl Chlorides and Its Plausible Addition—Elimination Mechanism.
Authors: Su Weike , Jin Can
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Large‐Scale Synthesis of GMP Grade α‐Cyano‐β‐hydroxy‐β‐methyl‐N‐ (2,5‐dibromophenyl)propenamide (LFM‐A13), a New Anticancer Drug Candidate.
Authors: DuMez Darin , Venkatachalam Taracad K. , Uckun Fatih M.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mild and Selective Hydrozirconation of Amides to Aldehydes Using Cp2Zr(H)Cl: Scope and Mechanistic Insight.
Authors: Spletstoser Jared T. , White Jonathan M. , Tunoori Ashok Rao , Georg Gunda I.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel Catalytic Hypervalent Iodine Oxidation of p‐Alkoxyphenols to p‐Quinones Using 4‐Iodophenoxyacetic Acid and Oxone®.
Authors: Yakura Takayuki , Konishi Tatsuya
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Atom‐Efficient Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Triarylbismuths with Aryl Bromides.
Authors: Rao Maddali L. N. , Banerjee Debasis , Jadhav Deepak N.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Magnesium‐Promoted One‐Pot Double C‐Acylation and Cycloaddition of Anthracene and Double C‐Acylation of Benzyl Acrylates.
Authors: Matsunami Masato , Sakai Nobuyasu , Morimoto Tomotaka , Maekawa Hirofumi , Nishiguchi Ikuzo
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Development of a General and Efficient Iron‐Catalyzed Epoxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant.
Authors: Bitterlich Bianca , Anilkumar Gopinathan , Gelalcha Feyissa Gadissa , Spilker Bjoern , Grotevendt Anne , Jackstell Ralf , Tse Man Kin , Beller Matthias
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Michael Addition Reactions of N‐Boc‐2‐silyloxypyrroles to 3‐Acryloyl‐2‐oxazolidinone.
Authors: Suga Hiroyuki , Takemoto Haruka , Kakehi Akikazu
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Sydnonyl‐Substituted Imidazoles.
Authors: Shih Mei‐Hsiu , Tsai Cheng‐Hua , Wang Yi‐Chun , Shieh Meng‐Yin , Lin Guan‐Ling , Wei Chia‐Yin
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Short and Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Substituted 4‐Oxazolin‐2‐thiones and Their Reactivity.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Romero Carlos , Martinez‐Palou Rafael , Jimenez‐Vazquez Hugo A. , Fuentes Aydee , Jimenez Fabiola , Tamariz Joaquin
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Competitive Formation of 4‐Aminoisoxazoles and 5‐Aminooxazoles in the Cyclization Reactions of O‐Alkylated Hydroxyimino Nitriles.
Authors: Kislyi V. P. , Danilova E. B. , Semenov V. V. , Yakovenko A. A. , Dolgushin F. M.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Primary Cytotoxicity Evaluation of New Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole Derivatives.
Authors: Guersoy Elif , Guezeldemirci Nuray Ulusoy
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1‐Hetaryltriazenes in the Synthesis of Condensed Mesoionic 1,2,3‐Triazolio‐5‐olates.
Authors: Nein Yu. I. , Gladkova S. V. , Pospelova T. A. , Morzherin Yu. Yu.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Convenient K2CO3 Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis for Benzopyrano[4,3‐c]pyrazoles in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Kidwai Mazaahir , Priya Priya , Shinghal Kavita , Rastogi Shweta
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Identification and Structure—Activity Relationships of Substituted Pyridones as Inhibitors of Pim‐1 Kinase.
Authors: Cheney I. Wayne , Yan Shunqi , Appleby Todd , Walker Heli , Vo Todd , Yao Nanhua , Hamatake Robert , Hong Zhi , Wu Jim Z.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 3‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐2‐pyrazoline Derivatives (III) as Candidates for Heterocyclic Chiral Ligands of the Chirality Relay Types.
Authors: Yanagita Hiroshi , Kanemasa Shuji
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Class of anti‐MRSA and anti‐VRE Agents: Preparation and Antibacterial Activities of Indole‐Containing Compounds.
Authors: Yamamoto Yasuo , Kurazono Mizuyo
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Alternative Synthesis of the PDE5 Inhibitor RWJ387273 (R290629).
Authors: Lemaire Sebastien , Willemsens Bert , Marko Istvan E.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines by the Ugi Reaction.
Authors: Mironov M. A. , Tokareva M. I. , Ivantsova M. N. , Mokrushin V. S.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 4,5‐Diaminopyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoline Derivatives by a Lewis Acid Catalyzed Reaction of 2‐(Pyrrol‐1‐yl)benzaldimines with Isocyanides.
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Himei Yasutoshi , Izumi Yuichi , Fukamachi Shuhei , Morikawa Osamu , Konishi Hisatoshi
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of 6‐Ethyl‐4‐aryl‐5‐methoxycarbonyl‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Sarac Selma , Ciftci Murat , Zorkun Inci Selin , Tunc Oezguel , Erol Kevser
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
H4SiW12O40×xH2O as a New Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐one.
Authors: Niknam Khodabakhsh , Daneshvar Nader
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of 4,6,7,8‐Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Vasilin V. K. , Makhmud Mokhamed Abdel‐Moneim , Krapivin G. D.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Bis‐N9‐(methylphenylmethyl)purine Derivatives: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity.
Authors: Kode Nageswara , Chen Liying , Murthy Devangachinta , Adewumi Dare , Phadtare Shashikant
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Antiproliferative Properties of N3/8‐Disubstituted 3,8‐Diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Analogues of 3,8‐Bis[2‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)pyridin‐4‐yl]methyl‐piperazine.
Authors: Filosa Rosanna , et al. et al.
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Expeditious Entry to 1,5‐Benzodiazepines Catalyzed by Sulfamic Acid at Room Temperature in Tap Water Suspension.
Authors: Li Zhenjiang , Sun Yingjie , Ren Xinghua , Shi Yuhu , Ouyang Pingkai
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2‐Unsubstituted 2,3,5,6,7,8‐Hexahydropyrazolo[4,3‐d][1,2]diazepinone‐8‐carboxylates.
Authors: Bevk David , Svete Jurij , Stanovnik Branko
Published: July 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.