bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Application for Ebola Virus Disease Diagnosis (EbolaDiag)
Authors: Danjuma Kwetishe Joro , Oyelere Solomon Sunday , Oyelere Elisha Sunday , Laine Teemu H.
Published: September 2018

This chapter describes how the Ebola virus is considered extremely infectious with a series of physical and psychological traumas on the victims. Common clinical signs associated with the disease include a sudden fever, severe headaches, muscle pain, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, and unexplained hemorrhages. In Africa, with strained medical facilities and remote localities, prompt identification and diagnosis of the symptoms of Ebola in a suspected patient are important to the control of the epidemic and in curtailing further spread. This chapter presents the development of an Android mobile application called EbolaDiag (Ebola Diagnosis), which is capable of supporting the diagnosis, screening, and healthcare experts working on the frontline in contact tracing and monitoring of the spread of Ebola. Furthermore, EbolaDiag is suitable for aiding the strained medical facilities in endemic areas. In addressing this gap, the application provided a model for implementing such solutions in pandemic environments. Such a solution becomes more relevant and useful to combat Ebola and several other diseases in similar environments.
Privacy Preservation of Social Media Services
Authors: Singh Nikhil Kumar , Tomar Deepak Singh
Published: September 2018

Social media has revolutionized the way of communication and interaction in daily life. It provides an effortless, expeditious and reliable approach for communicating with family, friends, and others. With the stupendous popularity of social media, users and their information over the social networking sites has also increased and accumulated the unprecedented amount of user's information. These tremendous data attract sniffer to perform attack and breach the privacy. Social networking sites provide their data for research and analysis purpose in anonymized format. But still with certain means, if a victim has an identical sub-network and the attacker has some background knowledge of the victim then the attacker can re-identify the victim by performing structural based attack such as degree based attack, neighborhood attack, sub graph attack, etc. This chapter provides a bird eye over Social Media, social media services, privacy preservation over social media, and social media attack with their graph prospective.
Efficient Key Frame Selection Approach for Object Detection in Wide Area Surveillance Applications
Authors: Essa Almabrok , Sidike Paheding , Asari Vijayan K.
Published: September 2018

This paper presents an efficient preprocessing algorithm for object detection in wide area surveillance video analysis. The proposed key-frame selection method utilizes the pixel intensity differences among subsequent frames to automatically select only the frames that contain the desired contextual information and discard the rest of the insignificant frames. For improving effectiveness and efficiency, a batch updating based on a modular representation strategy is also incorporated. Experimental results show that the proposed key frame selection technique has a significant positive performance impact on wide area surveillance applications such as automatic object detection and recognition in aerial imagery.
Mutual Correlation-Based Anonymization for Privacy Preserving Medical Data Publishing
Authors: Kukkuvada Ashoka , Basavaraju Poornima
Published: September 2018

Currently the industry is focused on managing, retrieving, and securing massive amounts of data. Hence, privacy preservation is a significant concern for those organizations that publish/share personal data for vernacular analysis. In this chapter, the authors presented an innovative approach that makes use of information gain of the quasi attributes with respect to sensitive attributes for anonymizing the data, which gives the fruitfulness of an attribute in classifying the data elements, which is a two-way correlation among attributes. The authors show that the proposed approach preserves better data utility and has lesser complexity than former methods.
Beyond Concern
Authors: Hipsky Shellie , Younes Wiam
Published: September 2018

In a time when discussions about information privacy dominate the media, research on Cybersafety education reveals that K-12 teachers and staff are concerned about information privacy in schools and they seek to learn more about the protection of their students' and own personal information online. Privacy topics are typically introduced to the K-12 constituents under one or two categories; namely, Internet safety and/or cybersafety. This study 1) assessed the level of cybersafety training that the K-12 teachers in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania receive in school and 2) evaluated the privacy topics that teachers and staff find important and beneficial to their work and personal lives.
Persuasion and Propaganda in War and Terrorism
Authors: Steinfatt Thomas , Janbek Dana
Published: September 2018

This chapter focuses on the use of propaganda during times of war, prejudice, and political unrest. Part one distinguishes between persuasion and one of its forms, propaganda. The meaning-in-use of the term ‘propaganda' is essential to understanding its use over time. Part two presents relevant examples of propaganda from the past several centuries in the United States and Europe. These examples include episodes from World War I and II, among others. Propaganda is not a new tool of persuasion, and learning about its use in the past provides a comparison that helps in understanding its use in the present and future. Part three looks at recent examples of how propaganda occurs in actual use in online terrorist mediums by Al-Qaeda and by the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
Political Communication and Twitter in Greece
Authors: Poulakidakos Stamatis , Veneti Anastasia
Published: September 2018

Social media already serve as a new place for the development of a “public sphere”, hence the exchange of argumentation on issues of public interest. More specifically, Twitter has been rather frequently used by politicians and parties in their attempt to establish a new way of communicating with the electorate. Drawing on the concepts of public sphere and propaganda and by conducting content and thematic analysis on the tweets of the two biggest Greek political parties, New Democracy (ND) and the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA), this chapter examines Twitter as a platform of information dissemination and dialogue. The aspiration of this study is to contribute to a growing volume of research that seeks to examine the potential of microblogging to animate political communication and to increase political participation.
Microblogs, Jasmine Revolution, and Civil Unrest
Authors: Yang Kenneth C. C. , Kang Yowei
Published: September 2018

Weibo provides an alternative channel for many Chinese citizens to obtain non-censored news contents and share their opinions on public affairs. In this book chapter, the authors employed Jürgen Habermas's concept of public sphere to examine how Chinese Weibo users (i.e., microbloggers) make the most use of this social medium to form a public sphere to contest omnipresent state power. Habermas's analytical framework helps to better comprehend the role of social media and its interactions with other stakeholders in Chinese politics. The role of social media in shaping this less controlled sphere of political deliberation and participation was examined using a case study approach. The authors analyzed the Chinese Jasmine Revolution to discuss the interrelations among social media, civil society, state power, economic development, political process, and democratization in China. The case study identified Weibo's essential role as a device to bypass existing government censorship, to mobilize users, and to empower Chinese Internet users to engage in political activities to foster its nascent civil society.
Airplane Health Surveillance System
Authors: Rachana N. B. , Srinivasa K. G. , Seema S.
Published: September 2018

The Airplane Health Surveillance System is an information system which is designed to guide the pilot to make decision under uncertainty. The system is expected to detect the defect along with cause for the delay and airplane crashes which has high impact on society. The system is capable of detecting and diagnosing the defects which may be initiated during a flight. There by trigger a maintenance procedure to safeguard the airplane from possible odds by analyzing the effects caused by the defect detected. Airplane health surveillance system collects data in real-time from flying fleet and makes it available to ground operations. Ground system aims at incorporating new technical and functional features to provide best in class features for operational and strategic insight. In this work two actors are considered namely supplier (airplane manufacturer who delivers the services) and operator (operates the airplane in day to day life). This is a user friendly though has a very powerful impact on the aerospace division by eliminating the uncertain economic loss.
Sealing One's Online Wall Off From Outsiders
Authors: Beldad Ardion
Published: September 2018

Pieces of personal information (e.g. contact details, photos, thoughts and opinions on issues and things) on online social network sites are susceptible to third-party surveillance. While users are provided with the possibility to prevent unwarranted access using available privacy settings, such settings may not often be adequately used. This research investigated the factors influencing the use of Facebook's privacy settings among young Dutch users based on the premises of Protection Motivation Theory and Technology Acceptance Model. A paper-based survey was implemented with 295 students in a vocational school in the eastern part of the Netherlands. Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicate that privacy valuation, self-efficacy, and respondents' age positively influenced the use of Facebook's privacy settings. Furthermore, the size of Facebook users' network negatively influences the use of those settings. Important results and points for future research are discussed in the paper.
The Effect of Privacy Concerns on the Purchasing Behavior Among Malaysian Smartphone Users
Authors: Belkhamza Zakariya , Niasin Mohd Adzwin Faris , Idris Sidah
Published: September 2018

The rise of e-commerce and m-commerce has brought the intention to the privacy concerns among mobile buyers, and studies showed that it is an important factor that affect attitude and intention to buy products or services through smartphones. The objective of this paper is to investigate the issue of privacy concerns on the attitude and purchasing intention among Malaysian smartphone users. This was performed by investigating the relationships between privacy concerns and attitude towards purchase, as well as between the privacy concerns and the intention to purchase using smartphone apps. The paper provides significant insights on the issue of privacy concerns in the usage of smartphones which can help developers such as Google and Apple to improve their apps stores to provide better protection for users' privacy and security in Malaysia.
Examining Mobile SNS Continuance From a Dual Perspective of Social Capital and Privacy Concern
Authors: Zhou Tao
Published: September 2018

This article contends that due to the intense competition, it is crucial for mobile social networking services (SNS) providers to retain users and facilitate their continuance. Integrating both perspectives of social capital and privacy concern, this research examined mobile SNS continuance. Social capital includes three dimensions: structural capital, relational capital and cognitive capital. The results indicated that both social capital and privacy concerns have significant effects on continuing usage. The results imply that service providers need to develop social capital and curb privacy concerns in order to facilitate users' continuance usage of mobile SNS.
Internet Regulation and Online Censorship
Authors: Koumartzis Nikolaos , Veglis Andreas
Published: September 2018

This paper explores the development of Internet regulation policies worldwide since the birth of the World Wide Web, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the main filtering methods in use today, and presents two of the most important Internet Regulation Systems (IRS) implemented in authoritarian regimes and Western democracies around the globe. Moreover, the authors propose the conduction of well-designed surveys worldwide in order to measure Internet User's opinion and use such results as a starting point for developing a fair “Internet Regulation System” (fair IRS) in the future. Last, the authors introduce a new online tool for conducting related surveys, www.WebObserver.net project.
The Role of Religiosity in Technology Acceptance
Authors: Baazeem Rami Mohammed
Published: September 2018

Religion plays a major role in shaping individual behaviour, especially in the religious countries. This chapter sheds light on the effect of religiosity on the intention to use technology and privacy and will use Saudi Arabia as an example. Using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) will help explain the intention to use technology. Thus, it clarifies that the intention to use technology is affected by the user behaviour. The user's behaviour is shaped by their religious beliefs which also affect their privacy views. A systematic review of the privacy literature shows that there is a lack of study on the effect of the religious beliefs on privacy. After reading this chapter, policy makers and managers will understand that religious belief should be considered when making new laws and regulations.
Ethics and Social Networking
Authors: Schaupp Ludwig Christian , Carter Lemuria
Published: September 2018

Thanks to recent technological advancements, social networking has seen unprecedented growth. Services such as Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn have evolved from niche communities to active cyber-societies. In addition to an increase in the diffusion of social media, there has also been an increase in the amount and type of information that participants share in these online environments. In this paper, the authors integrate decision making research from three disciplines -marketing, theology and information systems - to explain information disclosure in online communities. They use these disciplines to provide a comprehensive review of existing literature and present innovative recommendations for research and practice. In particular, the authors recommend Potter's Box as a useful framework for evaluating the ethical implications of online information disclosure.
The Impact of Online Training on Facebook Privacy
Authors: Smith Karen H. , Méndez Mediavilla Francis A. , White Garry L.
Published: September 2018

Facebook is a major part of the lives of many consumers who share a considerable amount of information with friends, acquaintances, and commercial interests via the platform, leading to greater exposure to privacy risks. Training has been shown to be effective in reducing computer risk in a variety of contexts. This study investigates the effectiveness of training on consumer attitudes and behavioral intentions toward Facebook privacy risk. The study highlights the importance of training consumers on how and why they need to protect their privacy. Findings suggest that training can reduce consumer risk, but effectiveness can vary across types of training. For example, Facebook's Privacy Tour was less effective than third party training videos in improving consumer vigilance. Implications of the findings for consumers and privacy advocates are discussed.
Digital Paranoia
Authors: McNeal Ramona Sue , Schmeida Mary
Published: September 2018

Participation in social networks, forums, and other discussion groups is a growing trend in the United States. Aside from the benefits of online social media, there is a growing concern about privacy and safety from the devolvement of personal information online. As a result of this unfriendly social media climate, Americans are taking measures to protect personal identity and to avoid surveillance by others. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze factors predicting which groups are most concerned about Internet privacy. In addition, this chapter explores how concerns regarding Information privacy are impacting usage of social network sites. We explore these questions using multivariate regression analysis and individual level data from the Pew Internet and American Life Project. Our findings suggest that those with the greatest fears regarding online privacy are not staying offline but are taking necessary precautions to address concerns.
Privacy Aware Access Control
Authors: Bhatia Rekha , Gujral Manpreet Singh
Published: September 2018

Due to the ever increasing number of web services available through the Internet, the privacy as a fundamental human right is endangered. Informed consent and collection of information are two important aspects while interacting on the Internet through web services. The ease of data access and the ready availability of it through Internet, made it easier for interested parties to intrude into the individual's privacy in unprecedented ways. The regulatory and technical solutions adopted to curb this have achieved only a limited success. The main culprits in this regard are the incompatibilities in the regulatory measures and standards. This research work focuses on privacy preserving access control for sharing sensitive information in the arena of web services, provides some recent outlooks towards the critical need of privacy aware access control technologies and a comprehensive review of the existing work in this arena. Besides, a novel framework for privacy aware access to web services is also provided.
Volunteered Surveillance
Authors: Sarıgöllü Subhi Can , Aksakal Erdem , Koca Mine Galip , Akten Ece , Aslanbay Yonca
Published: September 2018

As the front end of the digitized commercial world, corporations, marketers, and advertisers are under the spotlight for taking advantage of some part of the big data provided by consumers via their digital presence and digital advertising. Now, collectors and users of that data have escalated the level of their asymmetric power with scope and depth of the instant and historical data on consumers. Since consumers have lost the ownership (control) over their own data, their reaction ranges from complete opposition to voluntary submission. This chapter investigates psychological and societal reasons for this variety in consumer behavior and proposes that a contractual solution could promote a beneficial end to all parties through transparency and mutual power.
Towards Privacy Awareness in Future Internet Technologies
Authors: Rafiee Hosnieh , Meinel Christoph
Published: September 2018

With the increased use of the Internet to share confidential information with other users around the world, the demands to protect this information are also increasing. This is why, today, privacy has found its important place in users' lives. However, Internet users have different interpretations of the meaning of privacy. This fact makes it difficult to find the best way to address the privacy issue. In addition, most of the current standard protocols in use over the Internet do not support the level of privacy that most users expect. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the best balance between users' expectation and the practical level of privacy to address user privacy needs and evaluate the most important protocols from privacy aspects.
An Overview of Employer Branding With Special Reference to Indian Organizations
Authors: Rana Shikha , Sharma Ravindra
Published: September 2018

Talent acquisition is the most crucial activity an organization goes through. The reasons for its criticality are not just confined to the cost and time involved in recruiting talent but also matching the right incumbents at the right place and at the right time along with the organizational fit are the most essential factors to deal with. Nowadays, organizations are working in VUCA (volatile, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) environment that seeks a lot in terms of employee performance. Employer branding was initiated by Ambler and Barrow (1990) with an aim to attract and retain the best talent through various activities, and the contemporary research has proven that if branding of the organization is done in an effective manner then it retains the best talent; further, it enhances job engagement and motivation. The present chapter elaborates the concept of employer branding, benefits, and importance of employer branding. Recent surveys and trends of employer branding in Indian organizations have also been discussed.
Exploring Kapferer's Brand Identity Prism Applicability in Indian Political Marketing Aspect With Special Focus to Youth Voters
Authors: Bhattacharya Subhajit , Kumar Rohit Vishal , Dutta Anindya
Published: September 2018

India demographic pattern is changing so fast with the growth of youth segment. it is true that today youth generation of Indian are not interested in politics or in casting the votes. There may be a possible reason the political parties are not able to understand the requirements of the Indian youth segment. This research article is a sincere attempt to study the political brand perception and political brand selection behaviour of Indian youth with the empirical data. RIDIT approach is being used to analyse the empirical data. The results of this present study have depicted a deep insights of Indian political branding aspect from the voice of the Indian youth voters'.
Loving and Hating Brands
Authors: Correia Loureiro Sandra Maria
Published: September 2018

Consumers develop relationships with diverse brands regarding brands as partners. Brands are viewed by customers as symbolic meanings and social and cultural value, which is beyond the utilitarian benefits. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to explore the research on Consumer-Brand Relationship (CBR) and present a theoretical model of consumer-brand relationship process, giving insights for good and bad relationships. The chapter begins with the origin and evolution of CBR. Then, an overview of main theories and the seminal models are shown. Finally, a model of consumer-brand relationship process through good and bad relationships is proposed, and insights for further research are provided.
Sustainable Brand Personality Traits for Business-to-Business Markets
Authors: Avar Fatmanur , Göçer Aysu
Published: September 2018

The impact of globalization and technological advancements on businesses is increasing, making innovation and differentiation essential for survival in competitive markets. Branding is a useful tool for business differentiation, which can be achieved by a strong brand personality. Sustainability, as a strategy integrated with branding, offers the opportunity to gain competitive advantage. Associating sustainability practices with brand personality and integrating them into the brand is important, especially for business-to-business (B2B) brands. However, research on B2B branding is still scarce. Drawing on the tenets of social identity theory, this chapter explains brand personality traits from a sustainability perspective for B2B brands. Based on a series of qualitative and quantitative studies, brand personality traits are identified for B2B markets concerning the environmental, social, and economic pillars of sustainability. This analysis will support B2B managers aiming to promote an image of sustainability for their brands in an increasingly competitive industrial market.
Drivers of Brand Trust in Internet Retailing
Authors: Anggraeni Adilla , Lay Florenz
Published: September 2018

This study investigates the attributes that create brand trust in internet retailing through the replication of the work of Ruparelia, White and Hughes (2010) using two different purchase categories: apparels and travel accommodation. Quantitative methodology was employed through survey method involving 180 respondents. There are ten independent variables include website security, website privacy, website brand name, word-of-mouth, website design & navigation, information, returns policy, country of origin, past experience, advertising and testimonials and one dependent variable which is brand trust. Security, privacy, word of mouth, design & navigation, and past experience were proven to have direct linear effects towards web brand trust. On the other hand, brand name, information, returns policy, country of origin and advertising & testimonials have weak relationships with web brand trust. Respondents who purchased clothing apparel were more concerned of the country of origin than respondents who purchased ticket accommodation.
A Case Study on Pitfalls in Branding of Boroline
Authors: Padma R. , Sharma Pawan
Published: September 2018

The Indian FMCG sector is the fourth largest sector in the economy with a total market size in excess of US$ 13.1 billion. The FMCG market is set to treble from US$ 11.6 billion in 2003 to US$ 33.4 billion in 2015. Skin care products are one of the key constituents of the FMCG sector. One of the major products under skin care products are antiseptic creams. In India, the market size of the antiseptic cream markets is approximately US$ 2.94 billion. The major players in the antiseptic cream industry are Betadine Cream, Boroline, Boroplus, Vicco Turmeric Cream, etc. With the growing market and many players, it becomes essential for every organization to retain the brand that it has set in the market. And every organization wants to take advantage the market and one such organization is Boroline.
The Use of Geomarketing to Promote Personal Branding
Authors: López Gersón Beltrán
Published: September 2018

This document aims to show how teachers can make their mark in the territory through the appropriate use of their personal brand and geomarketing techniques, with the example of the author, and how this methodology can be transferred to students in their connection with the professional world. It is a process of structuring and decentralization of personal branding in the territory, linking physical space with online space and where geography acquires a new integral dimension through SoLoMo methodology (Social, Local, and Mobile).
The Globalization of the Art Market
Authors: Codignola Federica
Published: September 2018

Background literature and market flow data show evidence of an increasingly global art market. In turn, the global art market, instead of being a single, defined entity appears to be made of various local and diverse art markets. These various markets are progressively converging and integrating thanks to logistic and communication circuits. Key actors and organizations in the art market (e.g. auction houses or leader-dealers) see managers and marketers increasingly encountering cultural diversity alongside with economic heterogeneity. This chapter takes into account the not-yet-conceptualized framework of the art market in cross-cultural context. In so doing the author specifically identifies divergences and convergences concerning consumer behavior and art goods in a global economy. The results support the notion that in the current art market cultural diversity influences consumer attitudes. Such evidence may have specific managerial implications for practitioners and may stimulate further empirical studies to enforce this theoretical claim.
Cultivating Emotional Branding Through Customer Experience Management
Authors: Saini Shivani , Singh Jagwinder
Published: September 2018

Emotional branding promotes customer's long-lasting psychological attachment to a brand. Customer experiences with products and services trigger emotional responses. Therefore, customer experience management is imperative for generating pleasant emotions. Yet the delivery of customer experiences is viewed in a holistic manner. Customer experience management can be effectively integrated into a brand strategy to drive customers' positive behavioural and attitudinal intentions. The customer experiences play a pivotal role in the generation of positive emotions. Adopting an appropriate combination and priority of experience elements is essential to create customer satisfaction, trust, and commitment in order to develop true loyalty. The traditional tactical approach of marketing-mix elements is purely marketing driven and does not fit well in the CEOs expectations. These experience-mix elements will help the organizations to become market driving, which is even beyond the market-driven approach and thus will generate sustainable competitive advantage.
A Literature Review on the Viral Advertising Narrative Structure
Authors: Koçyiğit Murat
Published: September 2018

Viral advertising relies on consumers' transmitting the message to other consumers within their online social media. Viral advertising is controlled by consumers and is less under the control of advertisers and brands (Petrescu, 2014). Consumers receive the link or the advertising content and pass it along through e-mail or posting it on a blog, microblog, podcast, wiki, form, webpage, and social media profile. Advertising narrative in traditional media has changed with viral ads. In the narrative of viral advertising is more emotional, romantic, humorous, sexual and contains social messages. This study was conducted to examine the Brands' viral advertising narrative. Viral advertising is at an early stage of development and much of the current viral marketing communication literature research is concerned with understanding the motivations and behaviours of those passing-on email messages. No longer the preserve of offline communication strategists, it is becoming a central platform for interactive marketing communications (Cruz & Fill, 2008).
Brands Loyalty
Authors: Mourad Maha , Youssef Karim
Published: September 2018

Over the last couple of decades, the mobile communication companies have been growing rapidly and it plays a major role in the emerging economies that can't be underestimated. This study was conducted to better understand the factors that lead to brand loyalty in the Egyptian mobile retail industry as an example of an emerging economy. Based on the literature review and an exploratory study a conceptual framework was proposed that was tested using a quantitative technique. It was launched with 245 responses to test the hypothesis using SPSS tool. The findings of the research showed that Brand Trust, Customer Satisfaction, Brand Affect, and Resale Value are determinants of Brand Loyalty. The outcomes of this study will help in better understanding the determinants of brand loyalty and can be used by marketers to know how to create loyalty of the Egyptian consumers to the multinational brands in the mobile retail market.
Analysis of Success of Mobilization to Terror Using Tools of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP)
Authors: Shorer-Zeltser Marina , Ben-Israel Galit M.
Published: September 2018

The current research is dedicated to put forward the ways the Internet surfers are mobilized for the aims of illegal and harmful actions and even terror. We introduced usage of a psychological-linguistic approach known as NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming) which constructs new realities and a fast shift in the behavior of the treated subjects after the beginning of the exposure. This approach is not accepted widely in academic circles yet its tools are frequently used by security forces for interrogations, hostages incidents and evidences collection. In the recent years the data on mobilization for illegal actions and even for terror intends continues to grow and this article is our modest attempt to shed a light and to simulate and analyze the content environment of the surfers exposed to the substance of the sites propagating terror. Using NLP techniques, the article analyzes Muslim Internet sites which are perceived to belong to different groups and communities.
Beyond the Precautionary Principle
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano E.
Published: September 2018

This chapter centers on the discussion around terrorism. While some scholars emphasize on terrorism as a risk, others alert on the limitations of thinking terrorism within the field of risk. This does not mean that terrorism does not exist, it is a big problem for urbanized contexts, but it escapes to the control of laycitizens. Following Niklas Luhman's definition we exert a criticism on those who think terrorism as a risk. This piece interrogated on the epistemological border of terrorism as well as the interest of publics and audiences to consume the others` mourning as a form of entertainment. This trend was facilitated by the unification of risk and threat notions. As we have explained, terrorism as-a-risk forms an ideological discourse in order for the global elite to keep its privilege position but also to open the doors towards a new face of capitalism, we have dubbed Thana Capitalism. While people watch the others` suffering in order to confirm their status, it produces a vicious circle which is conducive to what Baudrillard dubbed as “the spectacle of disasters”.
An Overview of the Impact of Racial Hate and Its Manifestation of Homegrown Terrorism in America
Authors: Cooke Benson G.
Published: September 2018

Since the 2008 election of the first African American President of the United States, Barack Obama, racial hatred has been on the rise. During the 2016 presidential election, right-wing extremist groups like the Ku Klux Klan and Ultra-Right groups have become more vocal resulting in civil rights organizations like the Southern Poverty Law Center reporting a significant rise in hate crimes and threats. Unfortunately, President Donald Trump helped to stoke the fears of these hate groups with his incendiary campaign rhetoric of hate mostly against immigrants. This chapter provides a historical overview of racial hate and its manifestation of homegrown terrorism in America. Additionally, this chapter examines how hatred and fear became the source of lynching and race riots in America from the 18th to the 21st century. Understanding the past and present history of hatred directed at racial, ethnic and gender groups can help to bring a factual and more truthful point of view that can help reduce the recurrence of homegrown terrorism.
Supporter, Activist, Rebel, Terrorist
Authors: Gurpinar Bulut
Published: September 2018

Children have always been a part of the war for millennia but child soldiering is often portrayed as something rather new, as a side product of the Post-Cold War in most of the fragile states in the world. Underdevelopment is a feature of the fragile state and especially political violence is a common figure in such states. This paper argues that, children's role changes in fragile states, and further focuses on children in Syrian war and their changing role in the society. While the conflict was turning into a war the role of the children both in the society and in the conflict of which increasing tension was turning it into a war. And when the country, one of the fragile states in the world, collapsed, the government lost control and the children took the sides as terrorists. Given the brief information about the changing roles of Syrian children in this dynamically violent environment, this article will examine the transformation of the role of the children in the fragile state Syria.
Developing Discourse and Tools for Alternative Content to Prevent Terror
Authors: Shorer-Zeltser Marina , Ben-Israel Galit Margalit
Published: September 2018

Within context of multiculturalism and openness in Western countries, the work of terrorist activity recruiters can become easier and simple. In this framework, it's important to analyze techniques used by terrorists to manipulate support and good intentions of people inclined to sustain justice and peace into the radicalization and terrorist actions using interpersonal communication and Internet content. This article provides an overview on the Muslim minority in Western Europe, religious discourse and radicalization techniques used to incline religious content into terms of actions. It also suggests usage of inclusive cultural and religious policy to start an intra-community dialog and broaden de-radicalization.
Emergent Issues in the World War Against Global Terrorism
Authors: Strang Kenneth David
Published: September 2018

The chapter examines the impact of global terrorism on the top most-impacted nations. Global terrorism continues to impact many nations. There are two impacts – actual attacks causing deaths injuries and/or property damage as well as the emerging culture of fear where human rights have regressed – both impact the risk and contingency management community of practice. The critical analysis method is integrated with a meta-analysis of selected studies. Retrospective and inductive analysis techniques are applied. The risk of global terrorism is reviewed and calculated for the most-impacted nations. The recommendations address the emergent risks for contingency planning specialists, practitioners and researchers to consider. Additionally, future research directions are provided.
Methods and Tools of Big Data Analysis for Terroristic Behavior Study and Threat Identification
Authors: Kostyuchenko Yuriy V. , Yuschenko Maxim
Published: September 2018

Paper aimed to consider of approaches to big data (social network content) utilization for understanding of social behavior in the conflict zones, and analysis of dynamics of illegal armed groups. Analysis directed to identify of underage militants. The probabilistic and stochastic methods of analysis and classification of number, composition and dynamics of illegal armed groups in active conflict areas are proposed. Data of armed conflict – antiterrorist operation in Donbas (Eastern Ukraine in the period 2014-2015) is used for analysis. The numerical distribution of age, gender composition, origin, social status and nationality of child militants among illegal armed groups has been calculated. Conclusions on the applicability of described method in criminological practice, as well as about the possibilities of interpretation of obtaining results in the context of study of terrorism are proposed.
Integrated eCare in Dementia
Authors: Delaney Sarah
Published: September 2018

This chapter describes the evaluation of the INDEPENDENT project as it was implemented in Ireland. The project in Ireland consisted of the collaboration of the Alzheimer Society of Ireland, a not-for-profit organization providing services for people with dementia and their family carers, and Tunstall Emergency Response (TER), a commercial telecare provider organization. A joint client database was developed that provided information on alerts and events generated by the telecare system to ASI staff. An evaluation was undertaken with family carers, staff, and key stakeholders in ASI and TER. The telecare packages were given a high satisfaction rating by family carers. The Web portal was seen as beneficial by staff, in that it provided close-to-real time access to information on telecare alerts and events that could enhance care planning. However, staff regarded the portal as difficult to navigate and use. Key informants in ASI and TER both viewed the Web portal as enhancing the reputation of their organization.
Analyzing Online Social Support Within the Type 1 Diabetes Community
Authors: Maki Kristin G. , O'Mally Aisha K.
Published: September 2018

Social support has been linked with many health outcomes, ranging from heart disease to depression. Although its importance has been recognized, less is known about how individuals with chronic illnesses may use social media to provide and seek social support. This chapter's focus is on the way in which people with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) use social media to provide and solicit social support. A mixed-methods approach is utilized. First, posts from two social media platforms were qualitatively content analyzed. Second, the data were quantitatively analyzed to provide a finer-grained understanding of the messages. The results show informational support as the most prevalent on both sites, although there are some differences in content and use. This chapter's implications highlight the importance of social media as a conduit for social support among caregivers and individuals affected by T1D.
Virtual Carer
Authors: Dragoni Aldo Franco
Published: September 2018

In view of the rapidly progressive increase in the average population age, “Ambient Assisted Living” (AAL) defines the actions and policies needed to promote the improvement of living conditions within domestic spaces to foster autonomy, safety, and social inclusion for the elderly or disabled. The idea is to design an innovative and comprehensive information system for AAL, an ICT-based “Virtual Caregiver,” which is informed, intelligent and friendly, and which constantly monitors the health warning, informing and advising the elderly while controlling the environment and then asking for help when needed. The system will have the ability to establish interactive communication with the person but also extend it automatically outside the house in times of need. Virtual Caregiver will be able to enable the software protocols that activate the emergency phone calls to the family, medics or even first aid in emergencies.
An Intuitive Interface for Interactively Pairing Multiple Mobile Devices
Authors: Ohta Takashi
Published: September 2018

We designed an intuitive user interface to connect multiple mobile devices over a network and relate the applications running on them. We proposed a pinching gesture for making a connection between two devices, which is realized by swiping the touch screens of the two annexed mobile devices as if to stitch them together. We believe that this user interface can create new user experiences for multiple-screen usage, especially by designing the application content to react instantly to the connection and disconnection triggered by the gesture. We expect this interface to fulfill a great potential in inspiring application designers to conceive various ideas, particularly suited for visually fascinating content that takes advantage of the dynamic reconfigurable multi-display feature. To demonstrate the potential, we produced some prototype applications. In this article, we explain the idea and details of the interface mechanism, and introduce the design of the sample applications.
Dialogue With Interfaces
Authors: Baltazar dos Santos Ana Paula , Ferreira de Arruda Guilherme , Filho José dos Santos Cabral , Marques Lorena Melgaço Silva , Alves de Almeida Marcela
Published: September 2018

This chapter grapples with the hegemony of the visual and its pervasiveness in current urban installations. It discusses how technology and the visual are fetishized instead of used in their dialogical potential to engage people in socio-spatial transformation. This chapter presents the trajectory of the Graphics Laboratory for Architectural Experience at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil (LAGEAR) in its theoretical and practical development. This chapter then discusses LAGEAR's main drives, which are the playful interaction, the distinction between interface, and interaction and dialogue, in order to create interactive interfaces that actually engage people in socio-spatial transformation. It presents examples of the authors' works, drawing from visually based to bodily engaging and socio-political installations. Discussion concerns the problematization that leads to the need of engagement rather than the bodily engagement. Emphasis was put on working with the socio-spatial context and proposing interfaces that take into account the process in its openness and indeterminacy instead of prescribing a product (even if an interface-product).
Risk
Authors: Grant Kellie , Martin Jenny , White Jenni , Haines Terry
Published: September 2018

Risk assessment and management are considered core elements of healthcare practice. However, a brief examination of the theoretical literature on risk demonstrates that it is not a fixed concept. This chapter will critically analyze the impact that focusing on risk has on healthcare practice. The authors will join many others in pointing out the many potential negative impacts of viewing healthcare through the lens of risk. One risk type, suicide risk, will be examined closely. It will be shown that health professionals often fear liability when risk is a factor. In order to dissuade these fears, the legal elements of liability will be outlined, and relevant common law judgements will be discussed. Finally, future directions will be discussed.
Healthcare Decision Making
Authors: Lane Haylee , Martin Jennifer M. , Haines Terry
Published: September 2018

The aim of this chapter is to explore the factors that health managers adopt when making decisions on how to allocate limited healthcare resources. The objective is to increase knowledge and understanding of decision making processes at the macro, meso, and micro levels and priority setting. An examination of current healthcare decision-making processes used for resource allocation around the world highlights the disparities in models and approaches and the often ad hoc nature of decisions made. A description of the allied health workforce highlights the size and significance of this workforce and why understanding decisions made in regards to allied health resources is of importance. Issues of access and equity are also considered in relation to notions of fairness and efficacy in relation to health outcomes.
Natural Environments, Ecosystems, Conflict, and Wellbeing
Authors: Bodzemir Fatih , Martin Jennifer M.
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines the correlation between environmental issues and wellbeing. A broad literature review illustrates that changing climate, increasing populations, and degrading natural environments have negative impacts on health and wellbeing. The focus of this chapter is on conflicts arising from the limited supply of natural resources and competing needs, interests, and demands. This can create high levels of tension and division within communities that erodes community spirit, support, and connectedness as people compete for limited resources. The conflict arising from such disputes has negative impacts on social cohesion and the high levels of stress experienced, without adequate supports, can trigger mental ill health. The example of basin level water conflict in Turkey is used to illustrate this.
Bioinspired Solutions for MEMS Tribology
Authors: Singh R. Arvind , Jayalakshmi S.
Published: September 2018

Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) are miniaturized devices that operate at a small scale. Actuators-based MEMS have not been commercially realized yet, owing to the manifestation of high surface forces such as adhesion and friction between their moving elements. In recent years, inspiration from “Lotus Effect” has opened a new direction in the field of micro/nano-tribology to manipulate/control surface forces at small scale. The underlying principle discovered from the super-hydrophobic nature of the leaves of water-repellent plants has led to the design and development of various biomimetic tribological surfaces that exhibit remarkable reduction in surface forces under tribological contact. This chapter presents the tribological issues in MEMS devices, examples of conventional solutions for the tribological issues, and unique bioinspired solutions that have great capability to mitigate surface forces at micro/nano-scales.