bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of adverse effects of antituberculosis drugs: case study of hepatic cytolysis and skin reactions
Authors: LARACHI Hadjer , MOKKADEM Khawla , OUADAH Nesrine , KHELIFI Abdelkader , BEKHTI Ibtissem Nour el Houda , TOUMI Houari
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Tuberculosis remains a major public health issue worldwide. Progress in treatment, particularly with the emergence of anti-tuberculosis drugs, has been significant. However, identifying the drugs responsible for adverse effects is crucial to establish a practical approach in clinical situations, including the assessment and monitoring of these effects. Methods. This case study describes the monitoring and management of adverse effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients at the Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Control Department (SCTMR) in Sidi Bel Abbes (Algeria). Results. The observed effects include nine cases of hepatic cytolysis and two cases of skin reactions. This work revealed a predominantly high intrinsic imputability of anti-tuberculosis drugs, with a rating of I3 (C2S2) for six cases and I5 (C2S3) for five cases. The therapeutic interventions implemented and their compliance with international recommendations are discussed. Discussion. SCTMR specialists generally follow international recommendations to manage adverse effects of antituberculosis drugs. However, the high imputability of anti-tuberculosis drugs indicates that they are strongly incriminated in the occurrence of these adverse effects. Conclusion. Adverse effects of anti-tuberculosis treatment are not rare, requiring rigorous clinical, biological and pharmacovigilance monitoring. These surveillances can reduce mortality and morbidity associated with tuberculosis treatment. A government commitment is essential to revitalize the national pharmacovigilance center and improve the detection of serious adverse effects.
Is conversion the only itinerary to peace with "hostile" laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
Authors: MEZIANI Hadj , SEOUD Zakaria , BENBLIDIA Abdelkadir , KHELIF Anis , KARA AHMED Mounib , MECHROUK Abdenadjim
Published: October 2024

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) remains the most common surgical procedure worldwide. With these unequivocal benefits, it is today the optimal standard of care for symptomatic cholelithiasis. However, this routine operation can also represent one of the most "hostile" situations. In scenarios of uncertain Critical View of Safety display, total cholecystectomy and laparoscopic approach incur a risk of serious complications such as iatrogenic bile duct injury (IBDI). In such situations, it is necessary to improvise an approach different from the traditional concepts used for elective cases and provide a rescue plan that promotes safety. Although the balance between maintaining LC and moving to an exit procedure is resolved, it remains a challenge for providers to navigate the best alternative strategy. The truth in this debate of seeking optimal results is that surgeons are inclined to resort to conversion, as the most usual itinerary. However, it is inconsistent to consider that the simple fact of switching to an open procedure necessarily protects against IBDI, as well as to approve the conversion as a single manifest alternative to cope without knowing the other saviors procedures and their profiles. Therefore, we found it very useful to compile research data regarding "hostile" CL bailout methods to optimize their use in our practice and to answer the question which strategy to choose? And why?
TEACHER OPINION ABOUT USING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Voler Lara , Flogie Andrej
Published: October 2024

A school for the 21st century requires innovative approaches to learning and teaching. The presented research investigates the current state of innovative teaching methods, particularly problem-based learning (PBL), among teachers of the subject Technology and Engineering (TE) in Slovenian lower secondary schools. The main aim of the research was to determine the attitude towards such innovative teaching approaches, how often innovative teaching methods are used, how teachers perceive their importance, and finally, according to the teachers, how they are qualified for this. In the research, an appropriate questionnaire for teachers is developed. Qualitative and quantitative research was conducted using an online survey and statistical data processing. The online survey results showed that teachers positively assess the importance of using PBL, which is perceived as a more challenging method than traditional teaching methods. Despite numerous challenges, teachers express high motivation to improve their teaching practices. Based on the data obtained, it is found that teachers' knowledge is assessed less positively than their competence assessment, which indicates the need for more accurate methods of evaluating knowledge and emphasizes the importance of continuous professional development.
The research findings could be important for improving teaching practices and promoting innovations in the educational process. High motivation and readiness of teachers to accept innovative pedagogical approaches can contribute to a better learning environment and the development of a more competent teacher in the future.
Keywords: continuous professional development, innovative teaching methods, problem-based learning, student motivation, teacher competence, technology and engineering
Molecular Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella Typhi Isolated from Stool of Patients Attending Selected Primary Health Centres in Kaduna Metropoilis, Nigeria
Authors: Ambrose Abuh Attah , David Ishaleku , Istifanus Haruna Nkene , Nyiayem Igbawua Isaac , Walong Datok, Danladi
Published: October 2024

Fluoroquinolones have been the drug of choice for the treatment of Salmonellla infections in humans and animals. The emergence of fluoroquinolone resistant Salmonella strains has posed significant treatment challenges worldwide. This research is aimed at detecting the Plasmid mediated quinolone resistant genes of Salmonella typhi isolated from stool samples of patients attending selected Primary Health Centres in Kaduna metropolis. Methodology: A total of 200 stool samples were randomly collected from patients with suspected Typhoid fever using standard protocols. Salmonella typhi was isolated from the samples using standard culture and microbiological techniques. Antibiotics susceptibility testing was done using the disc diffusion method to investigate the ability of Salmonella typhi to resist the tested antibiotics. The bacterial genome was extracted and resistant genes were detected using PCR. Results. Out of the 200 stool samples, 61(30.5%) Salmonella typhi was isolated. Out of the 61 isolates, 44 (72.1%) carried resistant genes of which 6 of the isolates carried the Ciprofloxacin resistance genes. The genes that were discovered mainly were QnrB, aac(6’)-Ib-cr-R and QepA. Conclusion: The antibiotic susceptibility testing of Salmonella typhi in this study showed an increasing trend of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). The allele B of qnr gene was found to be the predominant cause of PMQR in this study.
A Global Assessment of Gender Quota Facilitating Mechanisms: Placement Mandates, Sanctions, and Financial Incentives
Authors: Kang Nagyeong , Kim Daeun , Kim Chong-Sup
Published: October 2024

How do facilitating mechanisms affect the share of women in parliament? Specifically, is there an ideal combination of quota types and facilitating mechanisms that leads to greater female representation in parliament? This research uses a comprehensive dataset covering 186 countries
in 2021 to provide a global landscape of the gender quota types and their facilitating mechanisms. Employing the OLS regression, we identified positive associations between placement mandates and strong sanctions and women's parliamentary presence in legislative candidate system. In contrast,
financial incentives under the reserved seat system showed a negative association. Our country-level analysis reveals that female aspirants face multifaceted challenges, suggesting that multiple issues should be addressed for financial incentives to effectively improve female representation.
Noviembre-diciembre
Authors: Anaya Eugenio C.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 423-424, 1984: 59-65.
Strategic leadership for complex energy and oil & gas projects: A conceptual approach
Authors: Enobong Hanson  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Yetunde Adenike Adebayo  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

Strategic leadership is essential for the success of complex energy and oil & gas projects, particularly those that involve large-scale, multidisciplinary teams navigating dynamic environments. This paper outlines a conceptual framework designed to enhance leadership effectiveness in managing such projects. The framework emphasises three key pillars: collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and regulatory alignment, which are critical for driving innovation and achieving operational success in the energy sector. In the context of collaboration, the framework advocates for fostering an inclusive team culture that encourages knowledge sharing and interdisciplinary cooperation. Effective leaders must cultivate relationships among diverse stakeholders, ensuring that varied perspectives are integrated into project planning and execution. This collaborative approach not only enhances problem-solving capabilities but also promotes a shared sense of ownership among team members. Stakeholder engagement is another crucial element of this leadership framework. Leaders must actively communicate with stakeholders—including government entities, local communities, and industry partners—to build trust and facilitate transparency. By understanding the needs and concerns of different stakeholders, leaders can align project objectives with broader societal and environmental goals, thereby minimizing resistance and enhancing project viability. Regulatory alignment is vital in the energy and oil & gas sectors, where compliance with industry regulations and environmental standards is paramount. The proposed framework guides leaders in navigating complex regulatory landscapes, ensuring that project strategies are aligned with legal requirements and best practices. This proactive approach mitigates risks associated with non-compliance, ultimately safeguarding the project's reputation and long-term sustainability. By integrating these pillars into their leadership practices, energy and oil & gas project leaders can drive innovation and operational excellence, even under challenging conditions. This conceptual approach underscores the importance of strategic leadership in managing complexity and achieving successful outcomes in the energy sector, paving the way for future advancements in project management methodologies.
Keywords: Strategic Leadership, Energy Projects, Oil & Gas, Collaboration, Stakeholder Engagement, Regulatory Alignment, Operational Success, Innovation, Project Management Framework.
Cumhuriyet Tarihi ve Atatürk Araştırmalarında Yeni Bir Kaynak: “Türk Sineması”
Authors: GENÇ ACAR Derya
Published: October 2024

Geniş kitleler üzerindeki etkisi ve kolay ulaşılabilirliği nedeniyle
günümüzün en yaygın sanat dallarından biri olan sinema, geçmişi yeniden
inşa eden ve şekillendiren ama aynı zamanda içinde bulunduğu dönemin
ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyal koşullarının bir parçası olarak ortaya
çıkmaktadır. Geleneksel tarih anlayışının aşıldığı 1970’li yıllarla beraber
bireye ve topluma dair birçok başlığın araştırma konusu haline gelmesi,
sinemayı da yeni bir alan olarak bu alana dâhil etti. Böylece sinema, tarih
yazımı açısından önemli bir araştırma alanı haline geldi.

Türkiye’de I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında ordu merkezli olarak başlatılan
sinema faaliyeti, Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşundan günümüze özel sektör eliyle
yürütülmüştür. Tarihsel süreçte Türk sineması, Türkiye’nin siyasal,
toplumsal ve ekonomik yapısına paralel bir seyir izlemektedir. Bu yönüyle
de her geçen yıl daha fazla çalışmaya konu olmaktadır. Sinema tarih yazımı
başlangıçta gazete ve dergilerde başlamış ilerleyen dönemde disiplinler arası
geçirgenlikle farklı akademik alanlarda yer almıştır. 1980’li ve 90’lı yıllarda
ise bir taraftan iletişim fakültelerinin artışı, diğer taraftan tarih biliminin bu
alana ilgi duymaya başlaması sinema-tarih arasındaki ilişkiyi her geçen gün
arttırmıştır. Günümüzde akademik dünyada ortaya konan çalışmalar
Cumhuriyet ve Atatürk araştırmalarına yeni bir boyut getirmeyi
amaçlamaktadır.

Bu çalışmada Cumhuriyet’in yüz yıllık döneminde Türk sinemasının
yeni bir kaynak olarak gündeme gelmesiyle ortaya konan literatürün eleştirel
bir değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır. Tarih-sinema üzerine kurulmuş bu yeni
hattın, Cumhuriyet ve Atatürk araştırmaları bağlamında gündeme getirdiği
konu başlıkları, niteliği ve yönü hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Ayrıca
araştırmanın söz konusu alanda çalışma yapacak olanlara ilk elden veri
sunması bir diğer amacıdır. Araştırmanın sayısal olarak çok sayıda eseri
kapsaması bütün kaynakların değerlendirilmesini imkânsız kılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla buradaki sınırlılığın farkında olarak gerek akademik dünyada
yapılmış gerekse araştırma kapsamında ortaya çıkmış önemli, güncel ve yol
gösterici tarihi kaynaklar üzerinden hareket edilecektir. Gelinen noktada bu
çalışmanın sinema tarihi özelinde yapılan çalışmaların izini sürmesi ve toplu
bir bakış açısı sunması ya da yapılmamış olanın tespit edilerek nedenleri
üzerinde düşünmek için ufuk açıcı olması hedeflenmektedir.
Atatürk Dönemi Müzik Dergileri Üzerinden Alaturka-Alafranga Çatışması (1930-1938)
Authors: ÇETİN Esra
Published: October 2024

Tüm modern ulus devletlerde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de
Cumhuriyet’in 1923 yılında ilan edilmesiyle toplumsal yaşamın tüm
alanlarında yapılan yenilik ve değişimlerden en fazla kültür ve sanat hayatı
etkilenmiştir. Sanatın en önemli alt bileşeni olarak müzik de bu etkileşimden
payına düşeni almıştır. Resmî ideolojiye paralel olarak siyasetin müzikten
beklentisi ise yeni kültürel değerlerin yaygınlaşmasında bir araç vazifesi
görmesi olmuştur. Bu doğrultuda 1924 yılında uygulamaya konulan “Musiki
İnkılabı” çerçevesinde müzik politikaları da değişmiştir. Muasır medeniyete
ulaşma hedefiyle ve milli musiki yaratma ülküsüyle yapılan bu değişimde
özellikle sosyolog Ziya Gökalp’in müzik konusundaki fikirleri referans
alınmıştır. Gökalp’e göre Şark musikisi hastadır ve bizi yansıtmamaktadır.
Dolayısıyla milli bir musikiye sahip olabilmemiz için Garp musikisi ile
memleketimizdeki Halk musikisinin sentezlenmesi gerekmektedir. Başta
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk olmak üzere Cumhuriyet kadroları Gökalp’in musiki
konusundaki fikirlerinden etkilenmiş ve bu fikirler resmi müzik politikası
olarak uygulanmıştır. Fakat bu politikalar 1930’lu yılların başından itibaren
müzik adamlarının kendi içinde fikir ayrılığına düşmesine neden olmuştur.
Özellikle Rauf Yekta, Hakkı Süha ve Mahmut Kösemihal gibi isimler
dönemin müzik dergilerinde alaturka-alafranga tartışması üzerinden müzik
politikalarını eleştirmiştir.

Bu çalışmada Atatürk Dönemi’nde alaturka-alafranga odağında yapılan
müzik tartışmaları dönemin müzik dergileri üzerinden değerlendirilecektir.
Değerlendirme yapılırken süreli yayınların yanısıra özellikle birinci el
kaynaklar ve konuyla ilgili tetkik eserlerden de yararlanılacaktır.
Atatürk’ün Süvarileri: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türkiye’nin Uluslararası Askerȋ At Yarışlarına İştiraki (1930-1940)
Authors: KURNAZ ŞAHİN Feyza
Published: October 2024

Çalışmanın amacı yeni bir ülke ve toplum inşa edildiğini uluslararası
alanda göstermek, Cumhuriyet rejimin yurt dışında onurlu temsilini
sağlamak amacıyla Türkiye’nin uluslararası sahada düzenlenen askerî at
yarışlarına iştirakini irdelemek olarak tanımlanır. Bu meyanda özellikle
1930’lu yıllarda Türkiye’nin uluslararası at yarışlarına iştirak süreci, devletin
at yarışlarına bakışı, ülkenin uluslararası alanda kabul görmesinde at
yarışlarının etkisi değerlendirilecektir.

I. Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra atlar, ihtiyaç duyulan ekonomik ve sosyal
yapılanmada rol oynamaya devam etti. Ancak I. ve II. Dünya Savaşları
arasında dünya hızla değişiyordu ve atın ticaret ve tarımdaki önemi
azalmaya başlamıştı. Atın bu alanlardaki önemi azalsa da “kralların sporu”
olarak adlandırılan at yarışları popülerliğini arttırmaya devam etti. Özellikle
Avrupa ve ABD’de at yarışları dört bir yanda düzinelerce parkuruyla
ulusların en sevdiği spor eğlencelerinden biri olma özelliğini korudu. Çeşitli
ülkelerde düzenlenen ve son derece profesyonel yapılan at yarışları ülkelerin
tanıtımı ve propagandası açısından önemliydi. Öte yandan 1929 Dünya
Ekonomik Buhranının getirdiği ekonomik zorlukların kısmen unutulmasında
da etkiliydi.

Türkiye’de ise Milli Mücadelenin kazanılması ve Cumhuriyet’in
ilanının ardından at yarışları Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e intikal etti. Ancak
Türkiye’de at yarışları uluslararası alanda olduğu gibi popüler değildi. Zira
savaşlar, ekonomik sıkıntılar, koşuların devlet ve özel kişiler tarafından
finanse edilmesi, halkın koşulara yeterli düzeyde katılımının sağlanamaması,
bahis sisteminin işlerlik kazanmaması yarışların sürekliliğini engelledi.
Cumhuriyet ilan edildikten sonra ilk düzenli at yarışı 1924’te Veliefendi’de
başladı. 1926’da çıkarılan bir kanun ile at yarışları belli bir esasa bağlandı.
Yarışlar doğrudan devlet kontrolüne girdi. At yarışları “asrileşmek” olarak
ifade edilen modernleşmenin bir parçası oldu.

Türkiye özellikle 1930’lu yıllarda uluslararası at yarışlarına yoğun
olarak dahil olmaya başladı. Bu başarılar Türkiye’nin adından söz ettirdi ve
prestijini artırdı. Çalışmada Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı
Cumhuriyet Arşivi, Dışişleri Bakanlığı Türk Diplomatik Arşivi verilerinden
ve süreli yayınlardan yararlanıldı.
BENEFÍCIOS DA DRENAGEM LINFÁTICA NO PERÍODO GESTACIONAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A QUALIDADE DE VIDA DA GESTANTE
Authors: Jesus Andreia Marques de , Santos Bianka Fernandes dos , Queiróz Sabrina de Souza Santos , Andrade Hudson Holanda de
Published: October 2024

Durante o período gestacional, é comum que as mulheres apresentem retenção de líquidos, resultando em edema, especialmente nos membros inferiores. A drenagem linfática manual (DLM) é uma das técnicas mais utilizadas para o tratamento desse tipo de edema. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o que a literatura científica relata sobre os benefícios da DLM para gestantes. Como metodologia, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Os resultados indicaram que a DLM melhora a circulação sanguínea, reduzindo edemas, dores, a sensação de peso e o cansaço. Concluiu-se que a técnica é uma intervenção prática, natural, não invasiva e eficaz, proporcionando diversos benefícios às gestantes, como melhor qualidade de vida durante a gestação, menor limitação nas atividades diárias e uma maior sensação de relaxamento e bem-estar.
ALEITAMENTO MATERNO EXCLUSIVO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Maciel Bruno Ribeiro , Melo Thayanny Felix de , Assis Bruno Santos de
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho examina a importância do aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) sob a ótica da enfermagem, destacando o papel desses profissionais no incentivo e apoio à prática. Com base em uma revisão de literatura (2020-2024), são discutidos os benefícios do AME para a saúde da mãe e do bebê e as dificuldades que as mães enfrentam.O estudo destaca a utilização de materiais educativos e a atuação da enfermagem em diferentes contextos, como hospitais e comunidades, para adaptar intervenções às necessidades maternas. Também enfatiza a relevância de políticas públicas para aumentar a adesão ao AME.A pesquisa conclui que a enfermagem é essencial não apenas no aspecto técnico, mas também na criação de um ambiente acolhedor para apoiar as mães, consolidando o AME como prática fundamental de saúde pública.
Impacts of tropical cyclone–heat wave compound events on surface ozone in eastern China: comparison between the Yangtze River and Pearl River deltas
Authors: Qi Cuini , Wang Pinya , Yang Yang , Li Huimin , Zhang Hui , Ren Lili , Jin Xipeng , Zhan Chenchao , Tang Jianping , Liao Hong
Published: October 2024

Abstract. China has implemented some air pollution management measures in recent years, yet severe ozone pollution remains a significant issue. The southeastern coast of China (SECC) is often influenced by hot extremes and tropical cyclones (TCs), and the two can occur simultaneously (TC–HDs). The compound TC–HDs show a rising trend in the summers of 2014–2019, potentially affecting ozone pollution. Here, we found that surface ozone concentrations over the SECC are more elevated during extremely hot days than the summer climatology. However, compared to extremely hot days alone (AHDs), the maximum 8 h average ozone (MDA8 O3) concentration increases by an average of 6.8 µg m−3 in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) and decreases by 13.2 µg m−3 in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) during the compound TC–HDs. The meteorological conditions during AHDs favor the chemical production of ozone over the SECC, exhibiting increased temperature and solar radiation and decreased relative humidity. Relative to AHDs, strong northeasterly winds prevail in the SECC during TC–HDs, suggesting the potential of ozone cross-regional transport between YRD and PRD. The process analysis in the chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) suggests that relative to AHDs, the chemical production of ozone is enhanced in YRD during TC–HDs, while horizontal transport alleviates ozone pollution in YRD but worsens it in PRD through cross-regional transport. The results highlight the significant effects of cross-regional transport in modulating ozone pollution in the two megacity clusters during hot extremes accompanied by TC activities, giving insight into future ozone control measures over the SECC under global warming.
Aerosol size distribution properties associated with cold-air outbreaks in the Norwegian Arctic
Authors: Williams Abigail S. , Dedrick Jeramy L. , Russell Lynn M. , Tornow Florian , Silber Israel , Fridlind Ann M. , Swanson Benjamin , DeMott Paul J. , Zieger Paul , Krejci Radovan
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The aerosol particles serving as cloud condensation and ice nuclei contribute to key cloud processes associated with cold-air outbreak (CAO) events but are poorly constrained in climate models due to sparse observations. Here we retrieve aerosol number size distribution modes from measurements at Andenes, Norway, during the Cold-Air Outbreaks in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (COMBLE) and at Zeppelin Observatory, approximately 1000 km upwind from Andenes at Svalbard. During CAO events at Andenes, the sea-spray-mode number concentration is correlated with strong over-ocean winds with a mean of 8±4 cm−3 that is 71 % higher than during non-CAO conditions. Additionally, during CAO events at Andenes, the mean Hoppel minimum diameter is 6 nm smaller than during non-CAO conditions, though the estimated supersaturation is lower, and the mean number concentration of particles that likely activated in-cloud is 109±61 cm−3 with no statistically significant difference from the non-CAO mean of 99±66 cm−3. For CAO trajectories between Zeppelin Observatory and Andenes, the upwind-to-downwind change in number concentration is the largest for the accumulation mode with a mean decrease of 93±95 cm−3, likely attributable primarily to precipitation scavenging. These characteristic properties of aerosol number size distributions during CAO events provide guidance for evaluating CAO aerosol–cloud interaction processes in models.
Measurement report: In-flight and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxide emissions from latest-generation jet engines and 100 % sustainable aviation fuel
Authors: Harlass Theresa , Dischl Rebecca , Kaufmann Stefan , Märkl Raphael , Sauer Daniel , Scheibe Monika , Stock Paul , Bräuer Tiziana , Dörnbrack Andreas , Roiger Anke , Schlager Hans , Schumann Ulrich , Pühl Magdalena , Schripp Tobias , Grein Tobias , Bondorf Linda , Renard Charles , Gauthier Maxime , Johnson Mark , Luff Darren , Madden Paul , Swann Peter , Ahrens Denise , Sallinen Reetu , Voigt Christiane
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides, emitted from air traffic, are of concern due to their impact on climate by changing atmospheric ozone and methane levels. Using the DLR research aircraft Falcon, total reactive nitrogen (NOy) in-flight measurements were carried out at high altitudes to characterize emissions in the fresh aircraft exhaust from the latest-generation Rolls-Royce Trent XWB-84 engine aboard the long-range Airbus A350-941 aircraft during the ECLIF3 (Emission and CLimate Impact of alternative Fuels 3) experiment. The impact of different engine thrust settings, monitored in terms of combustor inlet temperature, pressure and engine fuel flow, was tested for two different fuel types: Jet A-1 and, for the first time, a 100 % sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) under similar atmospheric conditions. In addition, a range of combustor temperatures and an additional blended SAF were tested during ground-based emission measurements. For the data measured during ECLIF3, we confirm that the NOx emission index increases with increasing combustion temperature, pressure and fuel flow. We find that as expected, the fuel type has no measurable effect on the NOx emission index. These measurements are used to compare to cruise NOx emission index estimates from three engine emission prediction methods. Our measurements thus help to understand the ground to cruise correlation of current engine emission prediction methods while serving as input for climate modelling and extending the extremely sparse data set on in-flight aircraft nitrogen oxide emissions to newer engine generations.
Communicating the most accurate and reliable science on climate change to society: A survey of editors from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Authors: Molina Tomas , Abadal Ernest
Published: October 2024

Abstract. This study focuses on the perspectives of scientists involved in the IPCC AR5 and AR6 synthesis reports, examining their views on the communication of climate change knowledge and its dissemination to the public. The objectives include understanding scientists' opinions on the state of climate change knowledge, the effectiveness of current communication strategies, and recommendations for improving public engagement. A survey was conducted among 72 IPCC scientists, assessing their perceptions on various aspects of climate communication, including the use of media, educational integration, and challenges like misinformation. Results show that scientists generally rate the scientific community as well-informed, policymakers as moderately informed, and the public as only acceptably informed about climate change. Many respondents suggested improvements in the clarity and accessibility of IPCC reports, emphasizing the role of media, social networks, and education in better informing the public. The study concludes that trust in information sources is vital for effective climate communication and that a more tailored, empathetic, and solutions-based approach is necessary to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and public understanding.
Assessing rainfall radar errors with an inverse stochastic modelling framework
Authors: Green Amy C. , Kilsby Chris , Bárdossy András
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Weather radar is a crucial tool for rainfall observation and forecasting, providing high-resolution estimates in both space and time. Despite this, radar rainfall estimates are subject to many error sources – including attenuation, ground clutter, beam blockage and drop-size distribution – with the true rainfall field unknown. A flexible stochastic model for simulating errors relating to the radar rainfall estimation process is implemented, inverting standard weather radar processing methods and imposing path-integrated attenuation effects, a stochastic drop-size-distribution field, and sampling and random errors. This can provide realistic weather radar images, of which we know the true rainfall field and the corrected “best-guess” rainfall field which would be obtained if they were observed in a real-world case. The structure of these errors is then investigated, with a focus on the frequency and behaviour of “rainfall shadows”. Half of the simulated weather radar images have at least 3 % of their significant rainfall rates shadowed, and 25 % have at least 45 km2 containing rainfall shadows, resulting in underestimation of the potential impacts of flooding. A model framework for investigating the behaviour of errors relating to the radar rainfall estimation process is demonstrated, with the flexible and efficient tool performing well in generating realistic weather radar images visually for a large range of event types.
Solutions and case studies for thermally driven reactive transport and porosity evolution in geothermal systems (reactive Lauwerier problem)
Authors: Roded Roi , Aharonov Einat , Szymczak Piotr , Veveakis Manolis , Lazar Boaz , Dalton Laura E.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Subsurface non-isothermal fluid injection is a ubiquitous scenario in energy and water resource applications, which can lead to geochemical disequilibrium and thermally driven solubility changes and reactions. Depending on the nature of the solubility of a mineral, the thermal change can lead to either mineral dissolution or precipitation (due to undersaturation or supersaturation conditions). Here, by considering this thermo-hydro-chemical (THC) scenario and by calculating the temperature-dependent solubility using a non-isothermal solution (the so-called Lauwerier solution), thermally driven reactive transport solutions are derived for a confined aquifer. The coupled solutions, hereafter termed the “reactive Lauwerier problem”, are developed for axisymmetric and Cartesian symmetries and additionally provide the porosity evolution in the aquifer. The solutions are then used to study two common cases: (I) hot CO2-rich water injection into a carbonate aquifer and (II) hot silica-rich water injection into a sandstone aquifer, leading to mineral dissolution and precipitation, respectively. We discuss the timescales of such fluid–rock interactions and the changes in hydraulic system properties. The solutions and findings contribute to the understanding and management of subsurface energy and water resources, such as aquifer thermal energy storage, aquifer storage and recovery and reinjection of used geothermal water. The solutions are also useful for developing and benchmarking complex coupled numerical codes.
Where to start with climate-smart forest management? Climatic risk for forest-based mitigation
Authors: Piazza Natalie , Malanchini Luca , Nevola Edoardo , Vacchiano Giorgio
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Natural disturbances like windthrows or forest fires alter the provision of forest ecosystem services such as timber production, protection from natural hazards, and carbon sequestration. After a disturbance, forests release large amounts of carbon and therefore change their status from carbon sinks to carbon sources for some time. Climate-smart forest management may decrease forest vulnerability to disturbances and thus reduce carbon emissions as a consequence of future disturbances. But how can we prioritise the stands most in need of climate-smart management? In this study we adopted a risk mapping framework (hazard times vulnerability) to assess the risk to climate-related forest ecosystem services (carbon stock and sink) in forests prone to windthrow (in the Julian Alps, Italy) and forest fires (in the Apennines, Italy). We calculated hazard by using forest fire and windthrow simulation tools and examined the most important drivers of the respective hazards. We then assessed vulnerability by calculating current carbon stocks and sinks in each forest stand. We combined these values together with the calculated hazard to estimate “carbon risk” and prioritised high-risk stands for climate-smart management. Our findings demonstrate that combining disturbance simulation tools and forest carbon measurements may aid in risk-related decision-making in forests and in planning decisions for climate-smart forestry. This approach may be replicated in other mountain forests to enhance our understanding of their actual carbon vulnerability to forest disturbances.
Review article: Retrogressive thaw slump characteristics and terminology
Authors: Nesterova Nina , Leibman Marina , Kizyakov Alexander , Lantuit Hugues , Tarasevich Ilya , Nitze Ingmar , Veremeeva Alexandra , Grosse Guido
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs) are spectacular landforms that occur due to the thawing of ice-rich permafrost or melting of massive ground ice, often in hillslope terrain. RTSs occur in the Arctic, the subarctic, and high mountain (Qinghai–Tibet Plateau) permafrost regions and are observed to expand in size and number due to climate warming. As the observation of RTSs is receiving more and more attention due to their important role in permafrost thaw; impacts on topography; mobilization of sediment, carbon, nutrients, and contaminants; and their effects on downstream hydrology and water quality, the thematic breadth of studies increases and scientists from different scientific backgrounds and perspectives contribute to new RTS research. At this point, a wide range of terminologies originating from different scientific schools is used, and we identified the need to provide an overview of variable characteristics of RTSs to clarify terminologies and ease the understanding of the literature related to RTS processes, dynamics, and feedbacks. We review the theoretical geomorphological background of RTS formation and landform characteristics to provide an up-to-date understanding of the current views on terminology and underlying processes. The presented overview can be used not only by the international permafrost community but also by scientists working on ecological, hydrological, and biogeochemical consequences of RTS occurrence and by remote-sensing specialists developing automated methods for mapping RTS dynamics. The review will foster a better understanding of the nature and diversity of RTS phenomena and provide a useful base for experts in the field but also ease the introduction to the topic of RTSs for scientists who are new to it.
Brief communication: Stalagmite damage by cave ice flow quantitatively assessed by fluid–structure interaction simulations
Authors: Jarosch Alexander H. , Hofer Paul , Spötl Christoph
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Mechanical damage to stalagmites is commonly observed in mid-latitude caves. Former studies have identified thermoelastic ice expansion as a plausible mechanism for such damage. This study builds on these findings and investigates the role of ice flow along the cave bed as a possible second mechanism in stalagmite damage. Utilizing fluid–structure interaction models based on the finite-element method, forces created by ice flow are simulated for different stalagmite geometries. The resulting effects of such forces on the structural integrity of stalagmites are analyzed and presented. Our results suggest that structural failure of stalagmites caused by ice flow is possible, albeit unlikely.
El valor de la experiencia. Testimonios de educadoras del siglo XX para la formación del profesorado
Authors: Sanz Simón Carlos , Sonlleva Velasco Miriam , Sánchez Rojo Alberto
Published: October 2024

El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los aprendizajes mostrados por el alumnado de los Grados en Educación y Pedagogía de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y la Universidad de Valladolid, tras la puesta en práctica de proyectos formativos que toman la voz de estas educadoras de la escuela del siglo XX para reflexionar acerca de la igualdad de género en educación y las contribuciones de las docentes en materia de igualdad y cooperación. Los resultados demuestran el interés que despiertan estas prácticas para la formación de la conciencia crítica del alumnado, convirtiéndose en lecciones inspiradoras para su futuro profesional.
La relación entre el contexto escolar y cuestiones de género y sexualidad. Análisis de las narrativas de futuras/os docentes
Authors: De Paula Pereira Junior Marcus Vinicius , Rodrigues Teixeira Maria Filomena , Valente Rodrigues Ana Alexandra
Published: October 2024

Actualmente persisten entendimientos limitados sobre la diversidad sexual y de género, enraizados en patrones cisheteronormativos, que marginan cuerpos disidentes. Esto se refleja en las prácticas educativas donde, en términos de formación de futuras/os docentes, es importante reflexionar sobre cómo contribuyen a la permanencia o ruptura con las normatividades. Se investigaron las percepciones de estudiantes de un curso de formación inicial de docentes sobre la relación entre género, sexualidad y escuela, con el objetivo de comprender cómo avanzan hacia la resignificación de concepciones sobre el tema. Se evidenciaron perspectivas como prejuicios, inseguridades docentes, limitaciones en la formación y dificultades para romper estereotipos, siendo urgente la adopción de estrategias que incluyan la promoción de la inclusión y el compromiso docente en favor de la igualdad, la diversidad y la lucha contra la LGBTIfobia.
Repensar la Educación Social: De la intervención a la relación. Una experiencia formativa en el Practicum de Educación Social
Authors: Martos Pérez María Victoria , Caparrós Martín Ester , Blanco García Nieves
Published: October 2024

En este artículo compartimos los resultados de un estudio de caso en el que buscamos conocer qué cambios personales y profesionales se han ido produciendo en el alumnado de Educación Social mientras realizan sus prácticas externas y en un contexto formativo que busca proporcionar espacios para la transformación de sí. A lo largo de tres años hemos constatado el cambio que se ha producido en su concepción sobre el oficio, que transita desde una visión asistencialista e intervencionista a una disposición al encuentro educativo. En un pasaje que les lleva desde una posición de reacción ante la realidad social hacia un conocimiento profesional más situado, ligado a la resistencia y la conciencia de lo que supone la relación con el otro.
Desafios institucionais e pedagógicos para a implementação da educação inclusiva em Moçambique no Século XXI: um estudo bibliográfico
Authors: Chapema André José , Manjinski Everson
Published: October 2024

O estudo que se apresenta neste artigo se baseia em estudo bibliográfico e tem como objectivo apresentar os desafios da educação inclusiva a sociedade Moçambicana que mostram que a inclusão escolar, especialmente após a promulgação da Declaração de Salamanca, hoje uma sugestão estadística hegemónica de educação em praticamente todo o mundo, (Basílio2024), o ideal democrático de educação para todos ainda está distante a ser alcançado. Esta abordagem visa abordar os problemas que ainda impedem a eficácia das políticas de educação inclusiva em Moçambique. O objectivo deste trabalho é delinear o caminho da educação inclusiva no país desde a sua criação até o momento actual. Parte do questionamento sobre a eficácia das políticas inclusivas, este trabalho engaja em um trabalho de conclusão do curso da disciplina de fundamentos da educação inclusiva. e o Mundo em geral, procurando assim as possíveis soluções para ultrapassar. A pesquisa mostra que a educação foi por muito tempo impedida as pessoas com deficiência. Após séculos de práticas excludentes, hoje a educação inclusiva norteia as directrizes nacionais, embora a presentando avanços evidenciados na evolução dos documentos legais nacionais e internacionais, na prática ainda não atingiu os objectivos e metas propostos em tais marcos regulatórios, assim, considero que há necessidade de continuidade do estudo e abertura para o debate sobre os desafios para educação inclusiva, a fim de, futuramente, propor soluções cabíeis para este mal. Ao se receber o aluno com deficiência a escola precisa interagir com a família e equipe médica para conhecer o diagnóstico interdisciplinar e traçar um plano individual para adequação curricular, de metodologias e avaliações que garante o respeito as especificidades do aluno. Apesar de existirem inúmeros desafios a serem superados (como falta de materiais, infra-estrutura precária, salas superlotadas) o professor precisa continuar com o compromisso de sempre buscar o melhor para todos os alunos, lutando para fazer valer os direitos já conquistados. Mesmo com os limites orçamentários, esses desafios são enfrentados. Tudo isso tem aumentado a fé em uma educação inclusiva e no alcance dos objectivos da Declaração de Salamanca (1994). Devido a isso, os processos de ensino e aprendizagem, as infra-estruturas e os currículos são adaptados sem prever as necessidades dos alunos, bem como às condições físicas da instituição de ensino. Apesar de que actualmente, já existem políticas públicas para a educação inclusiva em Moçambique.
Релевантность как инструмент управления запросом в условиях трансформации сетевого медиатекста Web 2.0–3.0
Authors: Баранова Светлана Вячеславовна
Published: October 2024

Технологические преобразования сетевой среды постоянно открывают новые окна возможностей. Процесс их реализации порождает ряд ожиданий, так или иначе связанных с миссией информационного общества. Многосложная структура Сети предоставляет ответ на пользовательский запрос, который со временем приобрел статус продукта и стал объектом манипуляции. Целью исследования является выявление противоречий естественного запроса и поискового алгоритма, которые в конечном итоге влияют на право более значимого для аудитории контента быть в приоритете благодаря своим имманентным свойствам, а не искусственно смоделированным параметрам. В процессе иследования прослеживается эволюция медиатекста, в частности его трансформация от парадигмы Web 1.0 к Web 3.0. В результате установлена более четкая причинно-следственная связь между смысловым, идеологическим контекстом и технологическим базисом современной информационной среды через такие понятия, как алгоритм, релевантность, хайп, а так же через определение ролевой функции так называемых бенефициаров, заинтересованных в извлечении собственной выгоды из процесса управления информацией.
A influência das mídias digitais na construção da subjetividade da geração Z
Authors: Dall'Orto Felipe , Lara Kapitzy Dias Anna , Maria dos Santos Almeida Otilia
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo aborda as transformações nas relações pessoais da Geração Z causadas pelas tecnologias digitais, destacando a importância de compreender os impactos desse avanço. Na sociedade contemporânea, as interações ocorrem tanto nos ambientes tradicionais quanto nos digitais, refletindo uma nova interação entre indivíduos, tecnologia e contextos sociais, influenciado diretamente os comportamentos sociais. Sendo assim, é necessário compreender os impactos das mídias digitais na construção da subjetividade da Geração Z e como isso tem afetado seu comportamento, destacando os fatores de influência. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa nas redes sociais para investigar como as mídias sociais têm influenciado a construção da subjetividade dessa geração, que tem demostrado ser hiperconectada, convivendo cada vez mais em um ambiente que une o online e o offline.
Impact of E-Learning Strategies on University Students’ Career Choices
Authors: Sohail Amir , Farooqi Muhammad Tahir Khan , Saleem Khalid
Published: October 2024

The selection of one's ideal career is the top priority for every person, on the other hand, students seem to be more focused on their future jobs. This goal can be achieved by effective learning strategies. However, people need to be capable of making wise decisions before choosing their educational background. The major objective of this study was to find out the impact of e-learning strategies on university student’s career choices. This study was quantitative and based on a correlational research design. The population was public university students from Punjab Pakistan whereas, 458 respondents were selected as the sample of this research through a multi-stage sampling technique. For data collection structured questionnaires were administered through the survey method. To analyze the hypotheses of this research Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used. The findings revealed a positive and significant association between e-learning strategies and career choice among university students, as indicated by an r-value of .411. Furthermore, the beta value of .351 suggested that e-learning strategies had a moderately significant effect on students' career choices. Thus, E-learning strategies are an important organ for the elevation of career choices. Significantly, this study will help the authorities in developing criteria accordingly, especially in higher education for producing research culture to minimize the gap between the university education.
Interplay of Foreign Direct Investment, Remittances, and Economic Growth: Insights from SAARC Countries
Authors: Timsal Sajida , Safdar Noreen
Published: October 2024

The current study focuses on finding and analyzing the nexus between remittances, foreign direct investment, and economic growth in SAARC countries. This study uses secondary balanced data of selected SAARC countries for the years 2000 to 2019. This study uses gross domestic product i.e., GDP, which serves as the proxy of economic growth, as the dependent variable. The core independent variables of this study include (FDI) foreign direct investment and remittances (RMTN). Additionally, gross capital formation (GCF) and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) are the other two independent variables in this study. For the proxy for environmental degradation the study uses data of CO2 emissions. The data is collected from the world development indicators, WDI. The study focuses on how all the independent variables affect the growth of economy in selected SAARC countries which include Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. The study applies cross sectional dependence test, panel cointegration test, unit root tests, and PARDL (panel auto regressive distributed lag model), also called pooled mean group methodology, to obtain empirical estimates. The results of PARDL show that FDI, RMTN, and GCF are all positively and significantly related to GDP. This means that GDP or alternatively economic growth, is improving with rise in FDI, RMTN, and GCF in selected SAARC countries. The results show that CO2 emissions have a negative significant impact on GDP i.e., increase in pollution levels is harmful for the growth of the selected economies.
Impact of Helicopter Parenting on Social Competence: The Serial Mediation through Insecure Peer Attachment and Self Efficacy among Adults
Authors: Sehrish Batool  , Sultan Sarwat , Shahida Perveen
Published: October 2024

The present research aimed to check the impact of helicopter parenting on social competence and the chain mediating effect of insecure peer attachment and self-efficacy among adults. A cross-sectional research design was utilized. The sample of the study was selected through the convenient sampling technique from different universities, educational institutions and acquaintances that comprised of 350 adults aged 20 to 31 years. The chosen participants must have proper education and can understand the English language easily. Students were selected for study utilizing the Helicopter parenting scale (LeMoyne & Buchanan, 2011), The interpersonal competence questionnaire (Coroiu et al., 2015), the General Self-efficacy scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), and the Inventory of parent and peer attachment (Armsden & Greenberg (1987). The results showed that addressing the negative consequences of helicopter parenting requires encouraging parents to allow more autonomy, supporting young adults in developing secure peer relationships, and bolstering their self-efficacy.