bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stretching Reality: the Function & Translation of Hyperbole in Anglophone Satirical Science Fiction Literature
Authors: Ievleva A. Yu. , Khramchenko D. S.
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the use of hyperbole as a satirical device in English-language science fiction, examining its stylistic conveyance and translation into Russian. Employing linguo-stylistic analysis, translation analysis, and functional-linguistic component examination, various definitions of hyperbole are explored. The results indicate that hyperbole serves as an artistic tool for deliberate exaggeration, capturing the reader’s attention and emphasizing the author’s stance. Focusing on Harry Harrison’s science fiction novel “Bill, the Galactic Hero” and its two translations by V. P. Kovalevsky, the research scrutinizes hyperbole’s contribution to satirical effects and identifies two types of hyperbolic exaggerations: contextual and hidden. Hidden hyperbole is further expressed through stylistic contrast and enumeration. In the Russian translations, the satirical effect is largely preserved, albeit with some losses. The study underscores the significance of hyperbole in engaging readers’ critical thinking and directing their focus towards real-world issues within the science fiction narrative. For professional translators, recognizing and conveying hyperbole is crucial in accurately representing the author’s intended meaning.
Gefährdete und verschwundene ethnolinguistische Minderheiten in der Alpen-Adria-Region. Das Beispiel der deutschen Sprachinseln und der istrorumänischen Sprachgruppe
Authors: Steinicke Ernst , Jelen Igor , Čede Peter
Published: June 2023

Kennzeichnend für die Alpen-Adria-Region ist deren ethnolinguistische Vielfalt. Wie der Forschungsstand zeigt, ist diese jedoch auch durch ethnische Selbsteinschätzungen, die vom objektiven Merkmal Sprache abweichen (= diffuse Ethnizität), in ihrem Bestand gefährdet. Ziel vorliegenden Beitrages ist es, das damit zusammenhängende Gefährdungspotenzial für den Erhalt der Ethnodiversität im Kernraum der genannten Region zu analysieren. Bei den Vor- Ort-Erhebungen wurde insbesondere auf die deutschen Sprachinseln in den friulanischen und slowenischen Alpen sowie auf die istrorumänische Sprachgruppe im Nordosten der Halbinsel Istrien eingegangen. Die Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass mit Ausnahme der deutsch- und mit Einschränkungen der slowenischsprachigen Kanaltaler Minderheit bei den Sprachgruppen Friauls diffuse Ethnizität überwiegt. Diese ist in den deutschen Sprachinseln, d.h. in Pladen/ Sappada, Tischelwang/Timau und Zahre/Sauris, ähnlich stark ausgeprägt wie im slowenischsprachigen Resiatal/Rezija in derselben Region. Zwar nimmt die Zahl der Sprecher überall ab, doch ist deren Existenz nicht bedroht. Demgegenüber ist die deutsche Sprachinsel Zarz/Sorica in den slowenischen Alpen faktisch erloschen, und es kann nur mehr von symbolischer Ethnizität gesprochen werden. Von allen Sprachgruppen im Untersuchungsgebiet ist die istrorumänische in der Čičarija und Čepićko Polje am meisten gefährdet. Dies trifft besonders auf die aktuell nur mehr etwa 40 „Čiči“ umfassenden Bewohner des Dorfes Žejân/Žejane zu, die ihrem Idiom beinahe gleichgültig gegenüberstehen. Bei den etwa 70 istrorumänisch sprechenden Bewohnern in der Čepićko Polje, die sich mehrheitlich als „Vlaši“ betrachten, ist das Sprachbewusstsein zum Rumänischen noch nicht so stark verloren gegangen. Im Gegensatz zur ehemaligen deutschen Sprachinsel Zarz könnte eine der kleinsten autochthonen Sprachgruppen in der EU bei verbesserten Rahmenbedingungen zumindest in der nächsten Generation erhalten bleiben.
The Burgenland Question 1919–1924. A bilateral and international problem
Authors: Lein Richard
Published: June 2023

Richard Lein, The Burgenland Question 1919–1924. A bilateral and international problem The question of border demarcation between Austria and Hungary after 1918 is mostly mentioned only in passing in the historiography on the Paris peace conference and on the European post-war order. This does not surprise since other territorial conflicts of the immediate post-war period in East-Central and Southeast Europe appeared too important for researchers to pay greater attention to the dispute over the West Hungarian territory. In fact, however, the Burgenland Question, later referred to as such, proved to be exceedingly conflictual from both the bilateral as well as the international perspective. Thus, Hungary’s refusal to cede the territory granted to Austria at the Paris peace conference not only strained bilateral relations between Vienna and Budapest. What is more, Hungary’s behaviour, which contradicted the provisions of the Treaty of Trianon, was a test for the entire system of the Paris Peace Treaties. The victorious powers of the First World War, attempting to keep the system intact, struggled visibly trying to find a peaceful solution for the Burgenland Question. However, the conflict was also shaped by the active intervention of Italy and Czechoslovakia. With their interferences, Rome and Prague were primarily pursuing the goal of gaining political and economic influence in Central Europe. In view of the diverging interests of the two powers in the region, this tended to fuel the conflict rather than resolving it. In the end, however, international mediation succeeded in brokering a compromise between Austria and Hungary in the Burgenland Question. This compromise represents the starting point for the good neighbourly relations between the two countries to this day.
Wahlrecht und Wahlsysteme. Stärken, Schwächen und Herausforderungen für eine beteiligte Demokratie
Authors: Peterlini Oskar
Published: June 2023

Die Beteiligung an den Wahlen nimmt ab, die Aversion gegen die Parteien zu. Andererseits sind die Wahlen das Grundinstrument einer repräsentativen Demokratie, mit der die Bürgerinnen und Bürger ihre Vertreter selbst bestimmen können. Sinnvolle Alternativen dazu gibt es kaum. Um das Verhältnis zwischen den Wählern und den Gewählten zu verbessern und die Demokratie zu beleben, genügt es nicht, an den Wahlsystemen anzusetzen. Aber auch sie können einen Beitrag liefern. Diese Abhandlung nimmt sich vor, die Grundmodelle, das Proporzsystem einerseits und das Majorzsystem andererseits, und ihre Kombinationen auf ihre Auswirkungen hin zu analysieren und nach den optimalen Formen zu suchen. Natürlich kann man kein Idealmodell über alle Länder stülpen. Unterschiedliche sozioökonomische und kulturelle Rahmenbedingungen sind zu beachten. Das darf aber nicht daran hindern, Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Systeme zu analysieren und den Versuch zu unternehmen, nach der idealen Form zu suchen oder zumindest deren wesentlichen Merkmale herauszukristallisieren. Das Wahlsystem Deutschlands spielt dabei eine wichtige Rolle. Im Lichte der jüngsten Wahlrechtsänderung des Deutschen Bundestages bekommt die Diskussion eine besondere Aktualität.
The return of the old ghosts? The so-called Beneš Decrees and the European protection of national minorities
Authors: Scheu Harald Christian , Pál Ádám
Published: June 2023

In the fifth monitoring cycle, the Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities surprisingly for the first time addressed issues related to the so-called Beneš Deacrees, which severely affected the German and Hungarian minorities in Czechoslovakia in the period immediately after the Second World War. In light of the Advisory Committee’s 2022 Opinion, which invited the Slovak authorities to enter into a dialogue with representatives of the affected national minorities on the possible negative effects of the postwar regulations, this article addresses the substance of the dispute between Slovakia and its Hungarian minority and presents relevant legal aspects in light of current Slovak administrative and judicial practice. The authors make suggestions on how the recommended dialogue could be used to solve the problem
Implementing “Two Peoples, One Future”: Conceptualizing Mutual Self-Determination in Israel-Palestine
Authors: Roth Brad R.
Published: June 2023

The prevalent conception of the Israel-Palestinian “peace process” has long outlived any expectation for its success, and has provided cover for Israel’s de facto capacity to dictate terms. That framework fetishizes the two-state solution, mistaking the means (partition) for the end (mutual self-determination), while conceptually fragmenting the Palestinian political community so as to deprive it of its equal standing. Practical, moral, and legal considerations require nothing less than a re-imagining of the project of Jewish self-determination in Israel/ Palestine to accommodate the realization of Palestinian national rights on terms of equality. At the same time, it is errant and counterproductive for critics to treat the essence of that project – distinguishable both from the false universalism that marked the Labor Zionist era and from the unadorned ethno-nationalism that marks the contemporary practice of the Israeli state – as reducible to a colonialism fit to be vanquished. A consociational approach to the conflicting national aspirations promises a more productive engagement with the practical requisites of a mutual self-determination consistent with international legal standards.
Minority Issues from a Non-traditional Security Perspective: Crossfertilizationamong Research Fields
Authors: Carlà Andrea
Published: June 2023

Although security concerns have long been embedded in the field of ethnic politics and scholarship on mechanisms of ethnic conflict resolution and management of diversity in divided societies, a combination of real-world events and increasing cross-fertilization among research fields have accelerated the field of inquiry in the past fifteen years. On the one hand, security has become a relevant sphere of governmental action with repercussions in several policy areas, including accommodation of diversity. On the other hand, following the broadening and deepening of the Security Studies agenda, many scholars have applied security concepts to investigate minority issues and ethnic conflicts, from Roe’s “societal security dilemma” to research on securitization/desecuritization of minorities. A variety of approaches and theories have developed, not always in relation with each other. The goal of this paper is to provide a state-of-the-art comprehensive overview of the attempts at cross-fertilization between Non- Traditional Security Studies and work on minority accommodation/conflict regulation in European countries, discussing theoretical underpinnings as well as methodological issues. Applying a Security Studies lens to the politics surrounding the governance of cultural diversity deepens and advances our understanding of minority issues and policy debates, in particular, around institutional designs in divided societies.
Şebeke bağlantılı fotovoltaik sistemlerde Bessel ve Butterworth filtrelerinin güç hesabı ve analizi üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi
Authors: ASLANKAYA Emrullah , BAYRAK Gökay
Published: June 2023

Şebeke bağlantılı fotovoltaik (FV) sistemlerde doğru akım (DA) güç çıkışının şebekeye aktarılabilmesi için güç elektroniği dönüştürücülerine ihtiyaç duyulmakta ve DA-AA (alternatif akım) güç dönüşümü sırasında harmoniklerin oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Toplam harmonik bozulmalar güç sistemlerine olumsuz yönde etkide bulunmakta ve güç kalitesinde istenmeyen sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Harmoniklerin etkilerini azaltmak için donanımsal ve yazılımsal çözümler bulunmaktadır. Şebeke bağlantılı FV sistemde güç kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için dönüştürücü ve inverter devrelerinin kontrol yapıları olmak üzere, referans akım ve gerilim değerlerinin yüksek doğrulukta ölçülmesi gerekmektedir. Bu devrelerin kontrol yapılarının güç hesabının yüksek doğrulukta olması, FV sistemin aktif güç, reaktif güç ve faz açısı gibi elektriksel parametrelerinin hatasız olarak elde edilmesine neden olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, FV sistemlerde güç hesabının ve analizinin yüksek doğrulukta yapılabilmesi için literatürde kullanılan geleneksel güç analizi bloğu yerine, elektriksel sinyallerdeki bozulmaları en aza indirerek güç hesabına katkı sağlamak amacıyla Butterworth ve Bessel dijital filtreleri kullanılmıştır. LabVIEW ortamında yapılan simülasyon çalışmasında, gürültülü referans sinyali iki filtre türünde de güç hesabının yüksek doğrulukta yapılmasını sağlayarak gürültüyü başarılı bir şekilde azaltılmıştır. Bu sayede, Butterworth filtresinin toplam harmonik bozulma (THB) değerleri de iyileştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan Butterworth filtresi, güç hesabı ve THB konusunda Bessel filtresine göre daha başarılı olmuştur.
Adaptive Fuzzy in Agriculture System
Authors: Nurraharjo Eddy , Syukur Muji , Hartono Budi
Published: June 2023

Industrial Revolution 4.0 focuses all elements of industry to enter the digital era of governance with a variety of systems, which have been created to provide easy management support, consistency of production, maintain product quality and so on. In agriculture and plantations, the collaborative utilization of detection systems from sensors such as temperature, humidity and light intensity, as well as fuzzy logic algorithm approaches, is expected to produce adaptive operational auxiliary systems. Study for the conditioning of oyster mushroom cultivation room, with research environmental data in the form of temperatures ranging from 15-33 Celsius which will be used for hot and cold classification, humidity 47-99 %RH for classification of high and low humidity conditions and light intensity in the range of values of 80-800 lumens for the classification of dark and bright conditions. The process approaches a combination of rules in forming inference and defuzzification machines that are close to the expected real value. Tsukamoto's method, which was tested in this system research, was able to strengthen the form of fuzzy inference machines to assist in adaptive management of modern cultivation.
Optimal Maneuvers Around Binary Asteroids Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Machine Learning
Authors: D’Ambrosio Andrea , Carbone Andrea , Curti Fabio
Published: June 2023

Designing optimal transfer trajectories and reference orbit tracking in binary asteroid systems is both challenging and computationally expensive. This paper proposes a method of bypassing the high computational overhead by leveraging a collection of known techniques. Indeed, the proposed framework is based on the combination of artificial intelligence techniques, such as the particle swarm optimization and neural networks, along with the inverse dynamics and the B-splines approximation of the trajectory. The real irregular shapes of the asteroids are considered in the free dynamics of the system, which are obtained via the mutual polyhedral model. The gravitational accelerations of the single asteroids acting on the spacecraft are approximated by using two single-layer neural networks trained via an extreme learning machine. By using a combination of these techniques, the computational time of the whole optimization is decreased from hours to minutes. The proposed approach is applied to the optimal trajectory design around the binary asteroid system, 1999 KW4, showing the feasibility of the proposed optimization approach, reducing the computational effort and time, and increasing the reliability of the obtained results. It is shown through a Monte Carlo analysis that our optimization strategy yields more accurate solutions than other optimization algorithms, such as the interior point and sequential quadratic programming methods, when a random initial guess is provided. Finally, the proposed optimization approach can be used in combination with other techniques to provide a feasible and reliable initial guess for a better solution refinement.t
Roll Damping Measurements on Basic Finner Model Using Both Forced and Free Methods
Authors: Bunescu Ionuţ , Hothazie Mihai-Vlăduţ , Pricop Mihai-Victor , Stoican Mihăiţă Gilbert
Published: June 2023

Determination of aerodynamic damping coefficients has always been difficult due to the dynamic nature of measurements for both forced and free methods. Although aerodynamic damping identification is available since the 1960s, this testing capability is not available in most of the high-speed wind tunnels due to its complexity, although the aerodynamic damping coefficients are needed for every aerospace vehicle. Herein are presented the development of the rig for roll damping determination, which uses both free and forced methods in the working cycle; the calibration process using the basic Finner model with reference data; and the experimental results obtained. Also, considering the challenges for computational fluid dynamics to match the experimental results, numerical results are presented for the calibration points required for interpolation of the roll damping coefficient along a Mach number range. The calibration points cover all regimes from subsonic to supersonic at Mach numbers ranging between 0.4 and 3.5. Conclusions are presented, focusing on the comparison between forced and free methods, as well as the rotation direction, considering the flow deflection that is increasing the level of uncertainty.
Observation of Plasma Turbulence in a Hall Thruster Using Microwave Interferometry
Authors: Yamamoto Naoji , Kuwabara Naoya , Kuwahara Daisuke , Cho Shinatora , Kosuga Yusuke , Dif Pradalier Guilhem
Published: June 2023

To understand anomalous electron transport in a Hall thruster, plasma turbulence inside the acceleration channel was observed using a 76 GHz microwave interferometer. The dependence of the amplitude of the 100–500 kHz turbulence on magnetic flux density, and the relationships between the turbulence and other plasma instabilities and between the turbulence and the discharge current were investigated through spectral density and bicoherence analysis. The amplitude of electron number density fluctuations of the turbulence, integrating the spectral density from 100 to 500 kHz, is [Formula: see text], or almost 10% of the time-averaged electron number density. The amplitude of the turbulence decreases with increase in weak magnetic field strength (coil current less than 0.6 A) and then increases with increase in magnetic field strength. The amplitude of the turbulence has a positive relation to the discharge current, leads to anomalous electron transport inside the acceleration channel, and is coupled with ionization instability. In addition, low-frequency perturbations of several hundred hertz were observed, with a positive relation to the turbulence and coupled with both ionization instability and turbulence.
Spanwise-Inclined Jets in Supersonic Crossflow: Effects of Injection Pressure and Separation-Control Effectiveness
Authors: Sebastian Robin , Ramaswamy Deepak Prem , Schreyer Anne-Marie
Published: June 2023

Motivated by the advantageous performance of air-jet vortex generators (AJVGs) in controlling shock-induced flow separation, we aim at understanding the effects of relevant injection parameters on the physical mechanisms involved, as well as on the control effectiveness. We performed implicit large-eddy simulations to examine the influence of injection pressure on a spanwise-inclined jet in supersonic crossflow at Mach 2.5 and with momentum-thickness Reynolds number 7000. Four injection pressures were considered. The jet and jet/crossflow interactions strengthen with injection pressure, which is reflected in an enhanced obliqueness and asymmetry of the flow topology, strengthening the induced major counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP). This strengthening of the major CVP stagnates at a certain threshold, above which the flow blockage and momentum influx caused by the jets become so strong that they counter the positive influence on the CVP. Subsequently, we installed these jets in an AJVG control setup for a 24 deg compression-ramp interaction with separation to analyze the control effectiveness and interplay of the injection pressure and jet spacing. The strongest effects on control effectiveness are not related to the injection pressure itself, but to interactions between the jet-induced shocks and vortical structures. Therefore, there is a strong link between jet spacing and injection pressure regarding the control effectiveness. Based on these observations, we provide recommendations for designing efficient AJVG control setups.
“Proyecto “Arte en riesgo”
Authors: Casals-Hill Andrea
Published: June 2023

Este ensayo describe el proceso de búsqueda interdisciplinar llevado a cabo por la Red de Investigación en Humanidades Ambientales de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile el año 2021 en torno al riesgo de la basura.
El ensayo reflexiona sobre la exploración interdisciplinar haciendo una analogía entre el caos del conocimiento enmarañado e infinito que necesita cierta categorización disciplinar para asirlo, como el caos de la basura tangible pero amorfa e indescifrable que encontramos en los vertederos, y que necesita también ser categorizada para reciclarla y así lograr, al menos, reducir la basura que finalmente termina en los vertederos.
El ensayo también cuestiona las nociones de arte y lo que puede ser valorado como objeto que se exhibe en el espacio cultural llamado museo.
Ecocritical Reflections on Fiction Written by Nobel Laureate Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Flores William
Published: June 2023

This article examines anthropocentric and ecocentric tendencies in two major works written by Mario Vargas Llosa, The Storyteller and The Dream of the Celt, to identify the value of those novels in ecocritical terms. I provide this analysis in the context of recent academic dialogue which notes an apparent contradictory relationship between the presentation of abuses of Amazonian people and their environment, and the portrayal of Westernized protagonists as their saviors in fiction written by Vargas Llosa. This essay provides a solution to this paradox and other apparent contradictions in his narratives and posits that even though the anthropocentric literary discourse concerning the environment has declined throughout the latter part of the twentieth century, in part, due to the rise of the environmental movement, this type of discourse has changed in Vargas Llosa’s literature, rejecting early twentieth century misconceptions of the natural world but holding onto technocentric neoliberal beliefs.
Integrated spine trauma team protocol: Combined neurosurgical and orthopedic experience for the management of traumatic spinal injuries
Authors: Giorgi Pietro Domenico , Villa Fabio Giuseppe , Cenzato Marco , Capitani Dario , Antonio D’Aliberti Giuseppe , Legrenzi Simona , Puglia Francesco , Picano Marco , Boeris Davide , Debernardi Alberto , Schirò Giuseppe Rosario
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

During the last decades, spine surgery has grown exponentially. In spite of that, it remains a surgical specialty without a well-defined own certification. It is usually carried out, separately, by neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons, even if there is an overlapping of competence and skills.

Materials and Methods:

In our hospital, from January 2019, a systematic protocol called integrated spine trauma team protocol (ISTTP) was implemented to improve the management of traumatic spinal injuries in a multidisciplinary way. It is characterized by a specific algorithm from diagnosis to postoperative care. According to the new protocol, orthopedic spinal surgeons and neurosurgeons work together as an integrated spine trauma team. The authors analyzed, retrospectively, the results obtained by comparing patients treated before and after the application of the ISTTP.

Results:

The new protocol allowed a statistically significant reduction in waiting time before surgery and complication rate. Moreover, early discharge of patients was recorded. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that described a specific algorithm for a standardized multidisciplinary management of the spinal trauma with combined orthopedic and neurosurgeon expertise.

Conclusion:

Our preliminary results suggest that the application of our ISTTP leads to better results for treating traumatic spinal injury (TSI).
Triticale Starch-Based pH-Responsive Hydrogel: Synthesis, Characterization, Diffusion & New Perspective of Triticale Crop as Sustainable Source for Stimuli-Response Hydrogels
Authors: Cruz-Amaya Karen Samantha , Del-Toro-Sánchez Carmen L. , Carvajal-Millan Elizabeth , Anda-Flores Yubia D. , Hernandez-Martínez Diego , Martinez-Robinson Karla G. , Cornejo-Ramirez Yaeel I.
Published: June 2023

Considering the FAO perspectives for agriculture towards 2030, many natural sources will be no longer profitable for the synthesis of many biomaterials. Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) is a cereal crop synthesized to withstand those marginal conditions; however, it is primarily used as fodder worldwide. We reported for the first time the synthesis of a natural anionic hydrogel with gastrointestinal pH stimulus-response as new alternative of smart material, based on Eronga triticale starch as sustainable biomass, using citrate (pKa~3.1, 4.7 and 6.4) as cross-linking agent. By scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, starch granules exhibited size and semi-crystallinity A-type. The presence of the anionic sensing group (COOH) was verified by infrared spectroscopy, and through thermal analysis hydrogels exhibited four endothermic curves (115-393°C, ~1.4-38 kJ/mol Ea). The rheological analyzes showed viscoelastic tendency (G’>G’’) with high stability (Tan δ<1) in frequency, time, and strain sweeps. Gastrointestinal pH sensitivity (~2-7.8) was verified (α≤0.01) following Fick’s diffusive parameters, which resulted in a tendency to gradually release BSA with increasing pH~3-7 by anomalous and case-II diffusion, showing greater release at pH~7.8/3.5h (80-96%). We aim to expand the biomaterials area focusing on triticale starch due its limited reported investigations, low-cost, green modification, and its rheological performance as plastic.
A Very Deep Graph Convolutional Network for 13C NMR Chemical Shift Calculation with Density Functional Theory Level Performance for Structure Assignment
Authors: Ai Wen-Jing , Li Jing , Cao Dongsheng , Liu Shao , Yuan Yi-Yun , Li Yan , Tan Gui-Shan , Xu Kang-Ping , Yu Xia , Kang Fenghua , Zou Zhen-Xing , Wang Wen-Xuan
Published: June 2023

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shift calculation is a powerful tool for structural elucidation, and has been extensively employed in both synthetic and natural product chemistry. However, density functional theory (DFT) NMR chemical shift calculations are usually time-consuming, while fast data-driven methods often lack reliability, making it challenging to apply them to computationally intensive tasks. Herein, we have constructed a 54-layer deep graph convolutional network for 13C NMR chemical shift calculation, which achieved high accuracy with low time-cost, and performed competitively with DFT NMR chemical shift calculations on structure assignment benchmarks. Our model utilizes a semi-empirical method, GFN2-xTB, and is compatible with a broad variety of organic systems, including those composed of hundreds of atoms or elements ranging from H to Rn. We used this model to resolve the controversial J/K rings junction problem of maitotoxin, which is the largest whole molecule assigned by NMR calculation to date. This model has been developed into a user-friendly software, providing a useful tool for routinary rapid structure validation and assignation, as well as a new approach to elucidate the large structures that were previously unsuitable for NMR calculation.
Single Phase Transition Leads to the Coffee Ring Deposition of Nanoparticles in an Evaporating Sessile Droplet
Authors: PAUL SUJAY , CHATTOPADHYAY ARUN
Published: June 2023

The coffee-ring formation upon evaporation of a sessile droplet laden with dispersed particles occurs via capillary flow of the fluid towards the three-phase pinned contact line. In the process, the particles are carried towards the contact line followed by gradual deposition that accelerates towards the end of drying. However, we have observed using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with gold nanoparticles that the deposition process at the contact line occurred in a short window of time that was akin to a phase transition and that was complete well before the drying of the droplet. Further, the concentration of nanoparticles at the time of deposition was the same irrespective of the initial concentrations studied, the value of which was calculated to have been on the order of 13 M.
Exposomic Biomonitoring of Polyphenols by Non-Targeted Analysis and Suspect Screening
Authors: Oesterle Ian , Pristner Manuel , Berger Sabrina , Wang Mingxun , Verri Hernandes Vinicius , Rompel Annette , Warth Benedikt
Published: June 2023

Polyphenols, prevalent in plants and fungi, are investigated intensively in nutritional and clinical settings because of their beneficial bioactive properties. Due to their complexity, analysis with untargeted approaches is favorable, which typically use high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) rather than low-resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS). The advantages of HRMS were evaluated here by thoroughly testing untargeted techniques and available online resources. By applying data-dependent acquisition on real-life urine samples, 27 features were annotated with spectral libraries, 88 with in silico fragmentation, and 113 by MS1 using PhytoHub, an online database containing >2000 polyphenols. Moreover, other exogenous and endogenous molecules were screened to measure chemical exposure and a potential metabolic effect using the Exposome-Explorer database, yielding an additional 144 annotated features. Additional polyphenol-related features were explored using various non-targeted analysis techniques including MassQL for glucuronide and sulfate neutral losses, and MetaboAnalyst for statistical analysis. As HRMS typically suffers a sensitivity loss compared to state-of-the-art LRMS used in targeted workflows, this gap between the two instrumental approaches was quantified in three spiked human matrices (urine, serum, plasma) as well as real-life urine samples. Both instruments showed feasible sensitivity, with median limits of detection in the spiked samples being 10 - 18 ng/mL for HRMS and 4.8 - 5.8 ng/mL for LRMS. The results demonstrate that despite its intrinsic limitations, HRMS can readily be used for comprehensively investigating human exposure. In the future, this work is expected to allow for linking human health effects with polyphenol exposure, and toxicological mixture effects with other xenobiotics.
Real-World Molecular Out-Of-Distribution: Specification and Investigation
Authors: Tossou Prudencio , Wognum Cas , Craig Michael , Mary Hadrien , Noutahi Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

This study presents a rigorous framework for investigating Molecular Out-Of-Distribution (MOOD) generalization in drug discovery. The concept of MOOD is first clarified through a problem specification that demonstrates how the covariate shifts encountered during real-world deployment can be characterized by the distribution of sample distances to the training set. We find that these shifts can cause performance to drop by up to 60% and uncertainty calibration by up to 40%. This leads us to propose a splitting protocol that aims to close the gap between deployment and testing. Then, using this protocol, a thorough investigation is conducted to assess the impact of model design, model selection and dataset characteristics on MOOD performance and uncertainty calibration. We find that appropriate representations and algorithms with built-in uncertainty estimation are crucial to improve performance and uncertainty calibration. This study sets itself apart by its exhaustiveness and opens an exciting avenue to benchmark meaningful, algorithmic progress in molecular scoring. All related code can be found on Github at https://github.com/cwognum/mood-experiments.
VGAE-MCTS: a New Molecular Generative Model combining Variational Graph Auto-Encoder and Monte Carlo Tree Search
Authors: Iwata Hiroaki , Nakai Taichi , Koyama Takuto , Matsumoto Shigeyuki , Kojima Ryosuke , Okuno Yasushi
Published: June 2023

Molecular generation is crucial for advancing drug discovery, material design, and chemical exploration. It expedites the search for new drug candidates, facilitates tailored material creation, and enhances our understanding of molecular diversity. By employing artificial intelligence techniques, such as molecular generative models based on molecular graphs, researchers have tackled the challenge of efficiently molecules with desired properties. We proposed a new molecular generative model combining deep learning and reinforcement learning evaluated the validity, novelty, and optimized physicochemical properties of the generated molecules. Importantly, the model explored uncharted regions of chemical space, allowing for the efficient discovery and design of new molecules. This innovative approach has significant potential to revolutionize drug discovery, material science, and chemical research for accelerating scientific innovation. By leveraging advanced techniques and exploring previously unexplored chemical spaces, this study offers promising prospects for the efficient discovery and design of new molecules in the field of drug development.
The Synthesis and Application of the Bulkiest Imidodiphosphorimidate Brønsted Acid Catalyst
Authors: Lai Junshan , Reid Jolene
Published: June 2023

The development of BINOL-derived Brønsted acid catalysts has been profoundly guided by rational design, with carefully implemented structural changes leading to unique generations of catalysts with enhanced reaction capabilities. This approach to catalyst optimization has promoted the integration of knowledge gathered in optimizing prior eras of Brønsted acids and ultimately, the molecular features that have contributed to the success of previous designs are preserved. Of these, the large substituents at the 3 and 3’ positions of the BINOL backbone are the most critical with almost every newly developed structure possessing this feature. However, imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi) catalysts are not synthetically well-suited to contain the same sterically bulky groups associated with the high selectivity imparted by previously implemented catalyst structures. Herein, we have leveraged the moderate size (as compared to TRIP and 9-anthryl) but the high applicability of the 9-phenanthryl substituent to synthesize an extremely sterically demanding IDPi. Using computed descriptors, we survey the catalyst properties of known structures to demonstrate this catalyst to be both unique and to the best of our knowledge, the bulkiest IDPi yet synthesized. The applicability of the catalyst was evaluated in the construction of stereochemically dense spirocycles generated via an asymmetric Prins-semipinacol reaction sequence. Transition state calculations were deployed to interrogate the origins of the superior enantioselectivity and these demonstrate the mechanistic hallmarks of the 9-phenanthryl substituent can be generalized to a genuinely different class of Brønsted acid catalyst.
Simulation using Newton-Raphson Method for a Hypothetical Divalent Complex with a Vertical Plane of Symmetry
Authors: Sohn Dae-Hyup
Published: June 2023

We briefly formulate a derivation of the multivalent equilibrium model to give an alternative option. This would take a minor assumption given a hypothetical host-guest complex with a vertical plane of symmetry. From these works, we carefully take a look at three cases of cooperativity factors given three different concentrations. Also, we considered an intuition for Job plots frequently used in supramolecular host-guest chemistry. All simulations using Newton-Raphson method were conducted in simple Python codes.
Simulation using Newton-Raphson Method for a Hypothetical Divalent Complex with a Vertical Plane of Symmetry
Authors: Sohn Dae-Hyup
Published: June 2023

We briefly formulate a derivation of the multivalent equilibrium model for the purpose of giving an alternative option. And, we carefully take a look at three cases of cooperativity factors given three different concentrations. This would take a minor assumption given a hypothetical host-guest complex with a vertical plane of symmetry. But we hope it could help the researchers who evaluate binding constant and stoichiometry. Also we considered an intuition for Job plots frequently used in supramolecular host-guest chemistry. All simulations using Newton-Raphson method were conducted in simple Python codes.
Existence and Uniqueness Theorems for One Infinite System of Nonlinear Algebraic Equations
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Khachatryan Kh. A. ,   Yerevan State University, Petrosyan H. S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Armenian National Agrarian University
Published: June 2023

We study a infinite system of algebraic equations with monotone nonlinearities and with an infinite Toeplitz type matrix. This system has applications in discrete problems of the dynamical theory of 𝑝-adic open-closed strings, the kinetic theory of gases, and mathematical biology. Under certain restrictions on the nonlinearities and on the corresponding Toeplitz matrix, it is possible to prove existence and uniqueness theorems for a nontrivial solution in the class of bounded sequences. The main tool for proving the uniqueness theorem for a nontrivial solution is an auxiliary independent theorem on the asymptotic behavior of a nonnegative nontrivial and bounded solution on ±∞. At the end of the paper, specific applied examples of nonlinearities and the corresponding matrix are given to illustrate the importance of the results obtained.
Pengembangan Game Spelling Word Scrabble Untuk Perkembangan Aspek Bahasa Pada Anak Usia Dini Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Faizah Shofrotul , Masitoh Siti
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research is motivated by the results of an analysis which shows that media for early childhood 5-6 years is needed for the development of aspects of language development. This research aims to develop a media that is suitable for the characteristics of early childhood 5-6 years. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) research. The subjects used in this study were 15 children aged 5-6 years from an educational institution in Sukodono, Sidoarjo. The results of this study are, as follows. 1) Media spelling word scrabble to develop aspects of language development in early childhood 5-6 years is developed based on the steps in DDD-E, namely Decide, Design, Development and Evaluate. 2) The effectiveness of the spelling word scrabble media product is "Effective". It can be concluded that Scrabble spelling word media is effectively used to develop language development in early childhood 5-6 years.Keywords: Research and Development; Media Scrabble; Language Development; GamificationAbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dari hasil analisis lapangan yang menunjukkan sangat dibutuhkan alat bantu untuk anak usia dini 5-6 tahun untuk mengembangkan aspek perkembangan Bahasa. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah media yang sesuai dengan karakteristik anak usia dini 5-6 tahun. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 15 anak dengan usia 5-6 tahun dari suatu lembaga pendidikan di Sukodono, Sidoarjo. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah, sebagai berikut. 1) Media spelling word scrabble untuk mengembangkan aspek perkembangan Bahasa pada anak usia dini 5-6 tahun dikembangkan berdasarkan langkah-langkah dalam DDD-E, yaitu Decide, Design, Development and Evaluate. 2) Efektifitas produk media spelling word scrabble adalah “Efektif”. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media spelling word scrabble efektif digunakan untuk mengembangkan perkembangan Bahasa anak usia dini 5-6 tahun.Kata kunci: Penelitian dan Pengembangan; Media Scrabble; Perkembangan Bahasa; Gamification
Urgensi Pendidikan Agama Islam Bagi Anak Usia Dini di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Arfani Arlinda Ayu Dyah
Published: June 2023

Era revolusi industri 4.0 semua orang mulai tergantung akan kecanggihan teknologi. Bukan hanya kalangan orang remaja dan kalangan orang dewasa, melainkan anak usia dini pun nampak lihai memanfaatkan teknologi seperti gadget. Anak-anak sudah menggunakan gadget-nya bukan hanya semata-mata untuk bermain game, tetapi menggunakan aplikasi tertentu seperti YouTube. Kendati demikian, penggunaan teknologi untuk anak usia dini rupanya mengundang problematika baru seperti karakter anak yang kurang, tingkat sosial anak kurang bahkan adanya tindakan seksual akibat melihat foto maupun video tidak pantas. Tentunya semua itu tidak akan terjadi apabila adanya pendidikan dan pengajaran agama Islam. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui urgensi Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) bagai Anak Usia Dini (AUD) di era revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode tinjauan literatur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menganalisis kasus, dokumentasi data, jurnal-jurnal relevan. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pendidikan agama islam bagi anak usia dini sangatlah urgent ditengah melesatnya kecanggihan teknologi. Ada beberapa metode yang digunakan untuk mengajarkan pendidikan agama Islam seperti menggunakan kisah Quran dan Nabawi, menggunakan perumpamaan, dengan teladan serta pendidikan dengan latihan dan pengalaman, metode pembiaasaan, metode nasihat, metode motivasi dan metode montessori
Peningkatan Konsep Pengukuran Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Menggunakan Media Donat Susun
Authors: Salwa Siti , Khoirul Amini Aisyah Amalia , Khasanah Alfina Fatwa , Hasanah Lathipah
Published: June 2023

This study aims to validate that measurement methods in early childhood are very important, but many institutions do not apply this method. We are trying to use the medium of stacking to prove that the teaching of early childhood measurement is important to them. The main point of his research is children with problem solving, and also accurate donuts media as a teaching medium for measurements related to the size of the donut itself. And also the arrangement of such donuts from the largest to the smallest. The method we use is the class action method and the results of the research show that children aged 4-6 years are able to learn and understand the size of the stacking donut media, while for children aged 1-3 years still need direction and guidance on the commands from the stacking donut media.
DETERMINATION OF THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF THE COMPETITIVE ACTIVITIES OF QUALIFIED AND HIGHLY QUALIFIED VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS USING FACTOR ANALYSIS METHODS
Authors: Eduard Doroshenko , Mykhaylo Oliinyk , Mykhaylo Melnyk , Iryna Oliinyk , Olexandr Vanyuk , Serhii Lutsenko
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Determining the hierarchical structure of competitive activity in volleyball using the methods of multidimensional mathematical analysis makes it possible to rationally construct structural formations of the annual macrocycle of training qualified volleyball players and increase the efficiency of competitive activity. The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of competitive activity in volleyball using the methods of factor analysis and determine the hierarchy of its individual components. Research methods: analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literary sources and the Internet, pedagogical observations, content analysis of materials from complex scientific groups and official websites of professional volleyball clubs, the Volleyball Federation of Ukraine and the World Volleyball League, methods of mathematical statistics. The indicators of competitive activity of 45 athletes in 28 official matches were used. Results. Factor analysis methods were used to study the indicators of competitive activity of highly qualified and qualified volleyball players - participants in the official matches of the National Championship (10 games), the Cup of Ukraine in volleyball (8 games) and the World League in volleyball (10 games). The selection of players was carried out according to the procedure for determining the «TOP-15 Rating» of the best athletes in terms of leading technical and tactical actions. The affiliation of the constituent components of competitive activity to a specific group of factors, depending on the value of factor loads, was determined. Conclusions. The results of factor analysis indicate the presence of a certain hierarchy in the structure of competitive activity in volleyball and significant differences inherent in this structure in won and lost matches. The most hierarchically important for the general population of the structure of competitive activity and for won official matches are quantitative and qualitative indicators of receiving the ball from the serve, receiving the ball after attacking and deceiving blows; blocking; the number of points scored; attacking technical and tactical actions from the front and back lines and serving the ball. Regarding the hierarchical structure of competitive activity in official lost matches, the 1-3 groups of factors include indicators of attacking technical and tactical actions from the back line; receiving the ball from the serve, receiving the ball after attacking and deceiving blows; the number of points scored; blocking; errors and fouls. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of attacking technical and tactical actions from the front line and serving the ball, according to the results of factor analysis, are assigned to the last (4th) group of factors.
Lateritic soil deformability regarding the variation of compaction energy in the construction of pavement subgrade
Authors: Pascoal Paula , Sagrilo Amanda , Baroni Magnos , Specht Luciano , Pereira Deividi
Published: June 2023

The performance of the subgrade towards the main deterioration mechanisms must be considered in the pavement structure design. Thus, this paper discusses the resilient modulus and permanent deformation evaluation of a pedological horizon of a Brazilian lateritic soil deposit, comparing samples compacted in the laboratory at the three compaction energies (standard, intermediate and modified) and undisturbed samples. Physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization tests were conducted. The cyclic tests were performed in repeated load triaxial tests and according to the current Brazilian standards. Five mathematical models widely used were employed to verify the resilient modulus behavior of the sample conditions, in which the Compound and Universal models showed the best correlations. For permanent deformation, the model was used, which well-expressed the plastic behavior of the analyzed conditions. Although all cases appeared to attend the shakedown criteria, some samples did not reach the deformation rate required by the standard. As the compaction energy was increased, the resilient modulus increased, and the permanent deformation decreased. Therefore, there is a substantial modification of the material behavior by increasing the compaction.
Formação de professores para EJA no Brasil
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Otávio dos , Lourenço Elias , Lopes Luis Fernando
Published: June 2023

Este artigo analisa algumas questões acerca da Formação de professores para Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Brasil a partir da perspectiva freiriana. Nesse sentido, o estudo problematiza o uso da Educomunicação, enquanto recurso, que pode ser utilizado tanto para a promoção do diálogo na formação de professores para EJA, quanto na interação de docentes com os educandos dessa modalidade. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é bibliográfica e de cunho qualitativo e exploratório. A perspectiva de análise é fenomenológico-dialética com destaque para as contribuições de Paulo Freire. Para que a educação seja dialógica, assim como propõe o patrono de nossa educação, é preciso preparar os professores para atuar nesse horizonte. Assim, o principal resultado deste estudo é a problematização de como a Educomunicação pode ser considerada na perspectiva freiriana para promover o diálogo na formação de professores e na interação com os educandos da EJA. Espera-se que as reflexões aqui apresentadas possam contribuir para a concretização de práticas pedagógicas de autonomia e de liberdade coletivamente construídas na formação de professores e para atuação docente na EJA, bem como para o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas a respeito dessa temática.