bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El proyecto educativo autoritario y los lineamientos destinados a la formación docente durante la última dictadura cívico-militar en Argentina
Authors: Ramos Gonzales Josefina
Published: August 2022

El siguiente artículo se basa en las contribuciones ofrecidas en mi tesis de maestría sobre la historia reciente de las Instituciones Superiores de Formación (ISFD), a finales de la última dictadura cívico-militar, en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina. En primer lugar, se caracterizará la política impulsada por el Ministerio de Cultura y Educación (MCE), se propone identificar las orientaciones principales y problematizar las dinámicas de implementación en el sistema educativo. Luego, se focalizará en las instituciones de Enseñanza Superior para detenerse en aspectos de las universidades y de los fundamentos pedagógicos propiciados para la formación de maestros y profesores. Concluye con la visibilidad de la vacancia que la producción académica confirió al estudio sobre el sector de las ISFD de CABA en el período referido.
Self-Efficacy and Optimism as Mediators of Perceived Stress in Adolescence
Authors: Belea Maria
Published: August 2022

The perceived stress of the adolescents in their daily lives gives valuable information regarding their attitude when encountering difficulties. Similarly, it provides insights on their level of contentment with their own lives. In this particular context, an array of resources which would allow them to cope with new situations that are inevitably caused by their development, becomes crucial.
This current research analyses the extent to which attitudes of self-efficacy and optimism influence teenagers’ thoughts and coping methods with the unpredicted and stressful events that life can bring to their daily routine (Jerusalem & Mittag, 1995).
In order to get an understanding in depth of the research topic, a sample of 525 Romanian students including 186 boys (35,4%) and 339 girls (64,6%) aged between 15 to 18 years old (average age = 16; SD = 1,04) were selected for the purpose of this study. The researcher’s hypothesis was based on the assumption that participants who demonstrate high levels of self-efficacy and optimism tend to evaluate problems as being less stressful while compared to those who scored lower percentages on these two attitudes. A quantitative methodology has been chosen to collect the data through the use of questionnaires including: the Problem Questionnaire (PQ), developed by Inge Seiffge-Krenke, the General Self- Efficacy Scale (GSE) by Jerusalem and Schwartzer (1992) and the Life Orientation Test-Revised developed by Carver and Scheier.
The results show that self-efficacy, the optimism level and resilience have a positive impact on how tasks are dealt with. Teenagers with strong attitudes of self-efficacy perceive themselves as being more capable of overcoming difficulties. They have a more optimistic perspective of situations, and they also tend to interpret life obstacles as challenges rather than threats, therefore focusing more on opportunities. On the other side, teenagers who scored low percentages on the self-efficacy and optimism analysis, seem to worry more and feel less proficient and capable when facing various tasks or stressful situations.
Power-Hungry Characters in Serbian Comedy
Authors: Jevtić Trifunović Nevena
Published: August 2022

Every literary work is a complex work of art that aspires to originality, authenticity and individuality. As a subtype of drama, comedy affects the process of shaping its actants with its attributes and conventions. Our research is based on a review of the comedies written by the Serbian writers and the unification of literary-theoretical hypothesis about power-hungry characters. The common theme of the analyzed comedies is power as the key to the transformation of comic characters and the reason for their abandonment of normal life. Power and authority lead  characters to act immorally and unreasonably, and unsuccessful attempts to achieve their goal at any cost often bring their lives to the brink of meaninglessness, and make their actions tragicomic. As an outspoken opponent of bureaucrats and people who hide behind the authority and power for the sake of personal gain, Serbian writers found inspiration in the generally present human deformations. Therefore, it is completely normal and natural for the police to be corrupt and semi-literate in their comedies, just as it is completely natural and normal for voters to be bribed before the parliamentary elections, and for private and personal life to become an arena of political struggle for the sake of small goals. The reason for choosing their comedies was affected by the fact that the humor is alive, present, and popular even today as it was during their lifetime. Healthy and eternally young laughter, colorful characters, comic portrayal of human and social flaws (petty-bourgeois mentality, selfishness, love of power, false morals, flattery, snobbery) are the features of their literary works that make them contemporary at any time.
О некоторых особенностях формальной структуры терминов-словосочетаний из области экологии и охраны окружающей среды в современном болгарском и русском языках
Authors: Симеонова Кристияна
Published: August 2022

Целью данной статьи является рассмотрение формальной структуры терминов-словосочетаний в области экологии в современном болгарском и русском языках. Этот вопрос очень важен для создания точной лингвистической формы терминов. Рассмотрены их формальная структура и синтаксическая связь между компонентами, представлены некоторые базовые формально-структурные модели, в соответствии с которыми можно сделать ряд выводов о лингвистической форме словосочетаний-терминов в двух языках. Основных выводов в основном три. 1. В обоих языках количество терминов-словосочетаний очень велико. Поэтому вопросы об их лингвистических особенностях, их формировании и функционировании в языке все чаще привлекают внимание терминологов и в Болгарии, и в России. 2. Количественно в русском языке беспредложных словосочетаний больше, чем в болгарском. Это связано с тем, что русский – синтетический язык с хорошо развитой падежной системой, а болгарский – аналитический язык, в котором нет падежной системы. На подобные падежные конструкции в болгарском языке указывают предлоги. 3. Многокомпонентные словосочетания с предлогом или без него в болгарском и в русском языках отличаются относительно большой длиной формы. Слишком длинная форма значительно усложняет общение и делает предложения, в которых используются эти термины, слишком расплывчатыми. Однако к сокращению нужно подходить очень осторожно, учитывая полноту и точность информации. Цель данного исследования объективно подразумевает применение синхронного подхода, который изучает и описывает определенные языковые явления только в конкретный период их существования (в данном случае – современный период). Основной используемый метод – сопоставительный анализ. Рассмотрение терми­нов из области экологии имеет актуальность, ведь экологические проблемы являются одной из глобальных проблем человечества, и они привлекают внимание обществ Болгарии и России.
Слово об Учeном и Учителе: к 95-летию Профессора Леонида Михайловича Васильева
Authors: Пятаева Наталия
Published: August 2022

Цель статьи – рассказать об основателе Уфимской семантической школы (Россия) профессоре Л.М. Васильеве и его Системном семантическом словаре русского языка, не имеющем аналогов в современной лексикографии.

Л.М. Васильев работал над проблемами: сущность языкового знака, семиотическая стратификация языка, языковое значение и семантические поля, методы изучения языка.

В Системном семантическом словаре русского языка представлены выделенные и структурированные автором 15 классов предикатной лексики: бытийные, оценочные, количественные, ментальные, модальные, пространственные, эмоциональные, предикаты отношения, состояния, свойства, образа жизни, звучания, движения, речи, восприятия, волевых усилий. Каждый класс состоит из макро- и микропарадигм, включающих базовые предикаты, их семантические дериваты, формы способов глагольного действия и субъективной оценки, семантические корреляты и модели предложений.

В качестве примера в статье приведена семантическая микропарадигма предикаты эстетической оценки (262 единицы), место которой в лексической системе русского языка можно показать схемой: семантический класс оценочные предикаты → три макропарадигмы модально-оценочные, общеоценочные и частнооценочные предикаты → три микропарадигмы предикаты утилитарной, этической и эстетической оценки.

В словаре показана система семантических классов русского языка, описана их структура, содержание и способы лексико-грамматической экспликации.

Теория и методика построения словаря могут быть экстраполированы на описание лексико-семантических систем других языков.
Gli aspetti metaforici e storici della peste nella letteratura greca antica: Omero, Sofocle, Tucidide
Authors: Czerwińska Jadwiga
Published: August 2022

The plague as a terrifying phenomenon affecting people has been a constant topos in literature since antiquity. Its nature and the mysterious way in which it appeared attracted the attention and imagination of poets, who explained it as a punishment sent by the gods for the failings of people who broke the divine commandments and norms. This is how it was depicted by Homer, followed by the tragedians. However, we owe one of the most poignant images of this disease to Thucydides, the Greek historian of the 5th century BC. He created a faithful and at the same time shocking description of it, because it exposed the most shameful aspects of “anthopeia physis”, human nature. The signalled issues will become the subject of description in this article.
Hagiographie et pandémie: analyse de la vie de Saint Roch
Authors: Llorca Tonda Maria Angeles
Published: August 2022

The Black Death that ravaged Europe in the second half of the 14th century inspired much Middle Ages to think about explaining the trigger for the disease, but all accounts coincide on an underlying rationale: the divine anger falling on Men. The field of art echoes the trauma caused by the pandemic to populations and the fear that leads to extreme behaviour (flagellants, dance of death, expiatory processions, etc.). Literature does not fail to stage the plague either, as evidenced by the “Decameron”, which in its first pages describes the plague which is reaching the West through Italy. The hagiography, in turn, and specifically the genre of the Lives of Saints, becomes a significant source of information on the description and repercussions of the disease in Europe. Thus, in this contribution we propose to analyse “La Vie et légende de monseigneur saint Roch”, a French incunable of Jehan Phelipot published in 1494, which went through three editions, in order to see how in the hagiographic text Roch’s ascent to holiness revolves around the theme of the plague disease and how the text becomes a source of information on the pandemic and its consequences.
L’art beauvoirien de (re)vivre la mutilation sous le diktat de l’Histoire et du temps
Authors: Ledwina Anna
Published: August 2022

Simone de Beauvoir’s texts show the acute presence of history in the writer’s life, and the futility of individual human actions, a sense of meaningless life, which contrasts with the author’s optimistic vision of the world. For this reason, the human being feels lost and crippled, especially a woman for whom the reality of war means alienation, anxiety, inability to fulfill the dream of unity with another person. This approach allows the author, who is an existentialist, to pay special attention to gender antagonism and social roles assigned to the eternally (dominant) man and (subordinate) woman. Beauvoir’s writing becomes the cry of an individual forced to face his own helplessness, failure and tragedy of the world. Struggling with loneliness, the feminine characters, disappointed, subject to the dictates of time, live only in the present, bereft of the past and future, by the fault of the Other. However, despite being aware of failure they fight against adversity in search for a better life.
L’écriture dans “Le Lambeau” de Philippe Lançon est-elle témoignage “pharmakon” ou salut existentiel ?
Authors: Urbanik-Rizk Annie
Published: August 2022

On January 7th 2015, Philippe Lançon, a journalist at “Libération” and at “Charlie Hebdo” attends the newspaper’s premises, when the islamist terrorists attack. The killers’bullets tear his jaws off, severely injure his arms, make his existence capsize, but he survives. In his novel “Le Lambeau”, he tells the story of a mental as well as physical reconstruction, sketching the chronology of his days in various hospitals, depicting the visitors who make his days brighter and the varied shades of his consciousness. Is his writing, a mere testimony of a tragical experiment, the chronicles of a journalist who witnesses how one comes back to life? Or is it a “pharmakon”, a poison within a remedy, which puts back to life things past and gone, as a way of healing? Or shall we give a spiritual significance to this writing, so haunted by Proust that it parodies his style and shows literature as a means of salvation?
Vivre la fin du monde, survivre à l’apocalypse: trois romans apocalyptiques, de la fiction à la réalité
Authors: Bebdika Jean
Published: August 2022

In “L’Apocalypse de 2030”, “Chroniques de la fin du monde” and “La Fin des temps”, three novels by French, American and Japanese authors respectively, the novelists try to hold up a mirror to the readers of our world that has become a field of ruin, not without warning that the crisis of the present time is nothing compared to what awaits us in the decade of 2030. The question of survival remains the major leitmotiv of this corpus and in particular, what will be tomorrow made of? By analyzing these works under the psychocritic method, the critic goes to the evidence that beyond their essentially anxiogenic and presentist vein, the apocalyptic fictions propose a rather anxiolytic frame, directed towards the prospective and the conduct to be held in this “crisis of the time”. Far from being “the riders of the apocalypse”, the authors of apocalyptic literature, set themselves up as prophets of the days of doubt.
L’art de vivre ensemble. Le quotidien des chrétiens et musulmans au temps de la guerre civile algérienne dans les écrits de Christian de Chergé
Authors: Pawlicki Jędrzej
Published: August 2022

Collected in the volume “L’Invincible espérance”, Christian de Chergé’s writings address the theme of mercy in the Christian Bible and in the Koran. De Chergé described also the practices of Christian life in a Muslim country. Hence my reflection followed in two stages: first, I propose to see the theological concepts of the author, anchored in the study of biblical and Koranic texts, in the spirit of religious pluralism, and then, to analyze the modes of living together of Christians among Muslims at the time of rupture. In this second part, I am inspired by the rule of Saint Benedict and the work of Michel de Certeau who perceives daily practices as an act of resistance.
“Sobrevivió […] la imagen judía de la ciudad”. Representaciones literarias de Łódź en dos autores latinoamericanos
Authors: Kobyłecka-Piwońska Ewa
Published: August 2022

The paper aims to analyze the representations of Łódź in two short stories by Juan Manuel Torres and one long narration by Eduardo Halfon. Juan Manuel Torres, Mexican writer and filmmaker, lived six years in Łódź, where he studied direction in the Film School. His works “El muchacho que mató a la luna” (The Boy who Killed the Moon) and “Al principio de la primavera” (At the Beginning of the Summer) are settled in this city. Eduardo Halfon, a Jewish writer of Guatemalan origins, travelled to Łódź to know his grandfather’s life history. “Oh gueto mi amor” is an illustrated chronicle of this journey.
Entre vivre et survivre, la rencontre “d’Hiroshima mon amour”
Authors: Cavallo Valérie
Published: August 2022

Written by Marguerite Duras and directed by Alain Resnais, the movie “Hiroshima mon amour” is set in the immediate post-war period, precisely in the Japanese city destroyed by the first nuclear bombardment while life is trying to begin again. Considering the immense wounds inflicted on the anonymous people of all nations during the Second World War, the scenario proposes to oppose this unprecedented catastrophe with a romantic encounter in which the authors attempt to identify the irreducibility of affects and feelings as a condition for renewing the living of a fractured humanity that is more sensitive than ever.
COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.118
Authors: Piotrowski Helen
Published: August 2022

This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Epidemiology and modeling; Infection Prevention and Control; Testing; Therapeutics; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Social Science; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs and Online learning & events.
Effects of Uric Acid on Disease Severity and Mortality in Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients
Authors: TÜRKMEN Ercan , KARATAŞ Ahmet , GULLU Yusuf Taha
Published: August 2022

Objective: High and low uric acid (UA) levels in the general population are associated with mortality. Information on the association of UA levels with clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients is contradictory. We investigated the relationship between UA levels and clinical endpoints in COVID-19 patients.Methods: Laboratory and clinical parameters, including UA at the admission of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, were recorded retrospectively. Binary logistic regression analysis determined risk factors for mortality and the intensive care unit (ICU) needs. Results: This study included 708 patients (57.1% men), and the median age was 63 (18-98) years. Two hundred and three (28.7%) patients needed ICU, and 107 (15.7%) died. Uric acid levels were significantly higher in the deceased (6.5 vs. 4.9; p<0.001). Uric acid levels were similar in patients who needed ICU and those who did not (5 vs. 5.1; p=0.348). High UA (>median value 5.1 mg/dL) group have higher mortality rate (22.4% vs. 9.5%; p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, a high UA level was a risk factor for mortality [OR 1.93 (1.08 – 3.44); p=0.026]. In addition, age [OR 1.03 (1.01 – 1.05); p=0.004], albumin [OR 0.30 (0.17 - 0.52); P<0.001], neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [OR 1.04 (1.01 – 1.06); p=0.003] and procalcitonin [OR 1.06 (1.0 – 1.11); p=0.048] was associated with mortality. A high UA level was not a risk factor for ICU need (p=0.780).Conclusion: High serum UA level affects mortality in COVID-19 patients. Risk assessment for the prognosis of patients can be made according to the UA levels at admission.
Transfüzyon bağımlı talasemi olgularında karaciğer demirini öngörmede serum ferritin düzeyi mi, T2 sekanslı manyetik rezonans görüntüleme mi daha etkin?
Authors: YILDIRIM Fatma , KOCA YOZGAT Ayça , TATLI DOĞAN Hayriye , TURHAN Nesrin , YARALI Hüsniye Neşe , ÖZBEK Namık Yaşar
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Transfüzyon bağımlı talasemi hastalarında aşırı demir yüklenmesi, sürekli şelasyon tedavisi ve demir düzeyi izlemini gerektiren bir durumdur. Serum ferritin düzeyinin tayini, demir yükünü takip etmek için basit bir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, karaciğer demir düzeyi tayininde manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) gibi yöntemlerin daha kesin olduğunu vurgulamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Talasemide demir yükünün anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla, kök hücre transfüzyonuna hazırlık amacıyla karaciğer biyopsisi yapılan 14 transfüzyon bağımlı talasemi hastasının karaciğer demir düzeyi sonuçlarını karaciğer T2 MRG ve serum ferritin sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Serum ferritin değeri ortalaması 2488,43±1520,18 mg/L idi. T2*MRG sonuçlarına göre karaciğer demir yükü değerlendirildiğinde sekiz hastada hafif düzey, beş hastada orta düzey, bir hastada ileri düzey demir birikimi saptandı. Modifiye Scheuer sınıflamasına göre biyopsilerde demir düzeyi iki hastada derece 1; yedi hastada derece 2; üç hastada derece 3 ve iki hastada derece 4 olarak değerlendirildi. Ferritin düzeyi arttıkça karaciğer demir biyopsi skoru da istatistiksel anlamlı olarak artmaktaydı (r=0,544 ve p=0,044). Karaciğer T2 MRG düzeyi ile karaciğer demir biyopsi skoru arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve ters yönlü korelasyon mevcuttu (r=-0,724 ve p=0,003). Karaciğer biyopsi demir skoruna göre demir düzeyini ayırt etmede ferritin düzeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmazken (p=0,096); T2*MRG ölçümlerine ilişkin ROC eğrisi altında kalan alan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (AUC=0,967; 95% CI: 0,880-1,000 ve p=0,005).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda serum ferritin ve T2 MRG sonuçlarının karaciğer biyopsisi demir düzeyi ile korele olduğunu saptadık. Ancak ferritin düzeyinin karaciğer biyopsisi demir düzeyini göstermede sensitivite ve spesifitesinin düşük olduğu, T2 MRG ise sensitivite ve spesifitesinin yüksek olduğunu saptadık.
Chordal cutting for severely restricted mitral anterior leaflet
Authors: ERTUGAY Serkan , YAĞDI Tahir
Published: August 2022

Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is usually caused by cardiomyopathy. Herein, we present chordal cutting and ring annuloplasty due to severely restricted anterior leaflet. Seventy-seven years old, male patient suffering shortness of breath had the diagnosis of severe mitral regurgitation and coronary artery disease. Preoperative echocardiography showed reduced ejection fraction and severe central
jet due to tethering of secondary chordae. Restricted chordae were resected by transverse aortotomy, saphenous graft bypass was done, and semi-rigid ring was implanted. Postoperative echocardiography showed no residual regurgitation, excellent mobility of anterior leaflet. Chordal cutting seems to be an effective technique to treat functional MR caused by the restriction of anterior leaflet
Astım ve alerjik rinit komorbiditesi olan çocuklarda nazofaringeal mikrobiyotanın araştırılması
Authors: ÇAVUŞOĞLU Cengiz , YÜKSEL Hasan , YAŞAR Adem , İNCİ Tarık , POLAT Furkan , AYDIN UYSAL Ayça , AYKUT Ayça
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Çalışmada sağlıklı, astımlı ve alerjik rinitli çocukların nazofaringeal bakteriyel mikrobiyotasının karşılaştırılması, hastalarda olası mikrobiyal disbiyozisin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 15 olgu alınmıştır. Olguların beşi astımlı, beşi alerjik rinitli ve beşi sağlıklı kontrol grubudur. Nazal lavaj örneklerinden 16S metagenomiks ile üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotası belirlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotasında en baskın şube astım hastalarında Firmucutes, sağlıklı kontrol grubu ve alerjik rinit grubunda ise Proteobacteria olarak saptanmıştır. Üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotasındaki en baskın cins ise astım hastalarında Dolosigranulum, sağlıklı kontrol grubunda Moraxella olarak saptanmıştır. Kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında astım hastalarında Moraxella cinsinin oranın azaldığı; Staphylococcus, Streptococcus ve Corynebacterium cinslerinin oranlarının arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak; çocukluk çağında üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotasının alerjik rinit ve astım patogenezini belirlemedeki rolü kesin olarak saptanamamıştır. Gruplar arası oransal fark bulunması, tüm havayolu mikrobiyomunun çalışılması durumunda olası bir farkın olabileceğini desteklemektedir.
Üst ekstremite yumuşak doku defektlerinin serbest flepler ile rekonstrüksiyonu
Authors: GÜR Ersin , TİFTİKCİOĞLU Yiğit Özer
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Çeşitli etiyolojik nedenler sonucu ortaya çıkabilen üst ekstremite defektlerinin rekonstrüksiyonu için literatürde pek çok yöntem tanımlanmıştır. Bu yöntemler arasında lokal veya bölgesel flepler oldukça sık kullanılmakta olup çoğu defekt başarılı bir şekilde rekonstrükte edilebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte bazı büyük ve kompleks defektlerde, teknik olarak daha zor olan serbest flep seçenekleri

kaçınılmaz olabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda serbest fleplerle üst ekstremite rekonstrüksiyonu hakkındaki tecrübelerimizi sunmayı planladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 2015 - 2021 yılları arasında 9 hastada (3 Kadın, 6 Erkek) serbest fleplerle üst ekstremite rekonstrüksiyonu uygulandı. Hastaların yaşları 22-68 arasında değişmekteydi. Serbest flep tercihlerimiz arasında 4 hastada anterolateral uyluk flebi, 4 hastada latissimus dorsi serbest flebi ve 1 hastada radial ön kol serbest flebi yer almaktaydı. Hastaların defektleri; 3 hastada el dorsumu, 1

hastada amputasyon güdüğü, 2 hastada ön kol ile birlikte el dorsumu ve 3 hastada ön kol ile birlikte dirsekte bulunmaktaydı.

Bulgular: Bütün hastalarda alıcı arter olarak radial arter seçildi. Alıcı ven olarak, radial arterin konkomitan veni veya yüzeyel venöz sistem kullanıldı. 6 hastada uç-uca, 3 hastada uç-yan anastomoz yapıldı.1 hastada arteriyel tromboz ve 1 hastada venöz tromboz gözlendi. Vasküler komplikasyon görülen bu hastalarda serbest latissimus dorsi flebi tercih edilmişti. İki hasta da erken dönem kurtarma cerrahisine alınarak anastomoz hatları yenilendi ve flepler kurtarıldı. Diğer hastalarda ek komplikasyon izlenmedi. Klinik serimizde flep kaybı yaşanmadı.

Sonuç: Uygun vakalarda, üst ekstremite yumuşak doku rekonstrüksiyonları için serbest flepler güvenle kullanılabilir. Teknik deneyim gerektirmekle beraber, minimal donör saha problemleri nedeniyle perforatör tabanlı serbest fleplerin oldukça avantajlı olduğu ve uygun hastalarda ilk yöntem olarak güvenle seçilebileceği kanaatindeyiz.
Konserwatywny autorytaryzm przeciwko faszyzmowi, narodowemu socjalizmowi i komunizmowi. Przypadek Engelberta Dollfußa
Authors: Kopczyński Mariusz , Tulejski Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Engelbert Dollfuß is commonly considered to be a representative of Austrofascism, and therefore is presented as akin to Hitler and Mussolini. In this article, the authors rebut this erroneous and harmful opinion. The analysis of the political thought and activity of the Austrian chancellor through his leading idea — the relationship between nation and state, and the corporate socioeconomic system — proves that his position differed fundamentally from the Nazi and fascist models. The authors argue that Dollfuß’s doctrine was rooted in Catholic social teachings and a Christian worldview. The chancellor’s anti-democratic actions were justified by the threat posed to Austria by the Third Reich.
Rozważania na temat autorytaryzmu w czasach PRL na przykładzie przepisów prawnych dotyczących pracowniczych ogrodów działkowych
Authors: Kozłowska Małgorzata
Published: August 2022

As it might seem, the seemingly trivial event, which was the creation of employee allotment gardens by the Act of March 9, 1949 on Employee Gardens, served the Polish United Workers’ Party to strengthen its authoritarian rule. With the help of generally applicable law standards contained in the above-mentioned act, the communist authorities gained and strengthened public support, eliminated independent structures, and confiscated private property.
Effect of conventional and power office bleaching with diode laser and led light on enamel microhardness
Authors: Valizadeh Sara , Mirzaei Arezu , Chiniforush Nasim , Moradi Zohreh
Published: August 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to asses enamel microhardness after office bleaching with diode laser and LED light compared to the conventional bleaching procedure. Methods: Thirty-nine human premolar teeth were collected and randomly divided into three groups regarding of the bleaching technique. Group 1: Snow O bleaching gel with LED light-curing unit; Group 2: Snow L bleaching gel with diode laser irradiation; and Group 3: Opalescence Boost bleaching gel with no light source in group 3. Enamel surface changes were evaluated in one tooth in each study group and one intact tooth as a reference under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the remaining samples (n=12), enamel microhardness was determined by Vickers microhardness test before and after bleaching. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures ANOVA to compare microhardness changes, followed by post hoc Tukey tests at the 0.05 significance level. Results: Enamel microhardness decreased in all the groups after bleaching, with the maximum decrease in microhardness in the Snow O bleaching group with LED light, which was significantly higher than the other groups (P=0.002). The two other groups did not exhibit any significant difference in microhardness decrease (P>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the limitations of this study, it can be concluded power bleaching with 980nm diode laser was less time-consuming compare to conventional bleaching procedure and yielded better outcomes in terms of enamel surface microhardness compared to the use of an LED light-curing unit.
Fragilidad y riesgo de caídas en adultos mayores de bajos ingresos, Lima 2021
Authors: Casca Loayza Luis Nilton , González-Farfán María Eugenia
Published: August 2022

Fragilidad es la disminución de las reservas fisiológicas, genera un estado de vulnerabilidad exacerbada y está íntimamente relacionada con situaciones perjudiciales como institucionalización, discapacidades y caídas; es además importante predictor de mortalidad. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre fragilidad y riesgo de caídas en el adulto mayor del comedor solidario de la Basílica de San Francisco, Lima 2021. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal no experimental; se realizó durante la pandemia por la COVID 19. Población accesible de 102 adultos mayores entre hombres y mujeres que se encuentran en situación de calle y que perdieron su empleo por recorte de personal en tiempos de pandemia. Se incluyeron personas de ambos sexos con 60 o más años que firmaron el consentimiento informado. Se excluyeron personas con discapacidad que altere la marcha y proceso infeccioso respiratorio menor a tres meses (COVID 19). Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se utilizó el fenotipo de Fried, el Índice de masa corporal y la escala de Tinetti modificada. Los resultados descriptivos se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y relativas, y presentadas en tablas; se utilizó la prueba chi-cuadrado con una significancia del 5% para los resultados analíticos los que fueron presentados en tablas de contingencia. Los datos recopilados fueron procesados en el software estadístico SPSS 25. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. Resultados: La pérdida de peso no intencional fue el criterio de fragilidad más frecuente en la población estudiada; el 31 % reportó estar desempleado por la pandemia; (p=0,004) relaciona significativamente edad con fragilidad. Conclusión: Existe relación significativa entre los criterios de fragilidad y el riesgo de caídas, existe relación significativa entre fragilidad y edad, mas no entre fragilidad y sexo.
Treatment strategies in cervical cancer: treatment of advanced disease
Authors: Valdivia Augusto , Grau-Béjar Juan Francisco , García-Durán Carmen , Oaknin Ana
Published: August 2022

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with a global incidence of 604,127 and an annual death rate of 341,831 in 2020. Patients with recurrent, persistent, or metastatic disease not amenable to curative therapy represent a patient population with a dismal prognosis. Until recently, the standard of care for these patients was based on platinum doublet chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab. However, significant advances in the treatment landscape of this disease have recently been achieved with the incorporation, among others, of immunotherapy in the therapeutic armamentarium. This review summarizes the main treatment approaches developed throughout the past decades, with particular emphasis on immunotherapy and novel targeted therapies.
Intersex/Differences of sex development: Human rights at the intersection of cure and care
Authors: Singh Satendra , Chakraborti Koushumi , Shaikh Aqsa
Published: August 2022

Intersex people are viewed from the medicalised lens of having a “disorder” of sex development rather than a difference in sex development. This inherent indifference to diversity is also visible in LGBTQIA+ advocacy, as they were initially excluded from the Yogyakarta Principles promoting the human rights of sexual and gender minorities. This paper attempts to explore the issues of discrimination, social exclusion, and unnecessary medical treatments through the lens of the Human Rights in Patient Care framework to advance the human rights of the intersex community and highlight the need for the state to take responsibility. The discussion touches upon intersex people’s right to bodily integrity; the right to freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment; the right to the highest attainable standard of health; and the right to legal and social recognition. The concept of human rights in patient care moves beyond the traditional philosophical principles of bioethics as it applies legal norms in a patient care context derived from judicial interpretations and international conventions upholding human rights at the intersection of cure and care. As socially accountable health professionals, it is our duty to defend the human rights of intersex people who are marginalised within the marginalised community.
Récentes avancées sur les facteurs de variation des concentrations en vitamines du lait chez les ruminants
Authors: GRAULET Benoît
Published: August 2022

Les vitamines sont des nutriments essentiels au bon fonctionnement des cellules des mammifères mais celles-ci ne sont généralement pas capables de les synthétiser, ou pas en quantité suffisante pour couvrir les besoins de l’organisme entier. Elles participent à la plupart des fonctions biologiques cellulaires et à tous les stades physiologiques des individus. Il est important que les besoins spécifiques soient couverts par des apports nutritionnels réguliers, les capacités de stockage corporel étant parfois très limitées. Les études épidémiologiques indiquent cependant que tel ne serait pas le cas. En plus des pathologies symptomatiques bien connues des carences en chacune des vitamines (comme la xérophtalmie résultant de la carence en vitamine A), il est de plus en plus mis en lumière des liens entre ces apports subcliniques et les risques de développement de maladies en particulier avec l’âge. Les produits animaux de ruminants, les produits laitiers en particulier, peuvent être des sources d’apport intéressantes compte tenu des quantités qu’ils contiennent, de la biodisponibilité de celles-ci, de leur consommation régulière, que ce soit au niveau quotidien ou annuel, de leur bonne accessibilité (coût, transport, stockage). Cependant, les éléments de caractérisation des teneurs en vitamines dans ces produits sont encore loin d’être complets. Certaines vitamines n’ont pour le moment pas été étudiées (D, K, B1, B3, B5, B8 et C), quelques facteurs de variation ont été décrits pour les autres. Les ruminants au pâturage semblent ainsi produire des laits plus riches en vitamines (A, E, B2, B9) qu’avec les autres modes d’alimentation, mais cela s’avère être au détriment de la vitamine B12 pour laquelle les produits laitiers ont un rôle pourvoyeur important dans la nutrition humaine. Une connaissance plus approfondie des relations qualitatives et quantitatives entre les conditions de production (espèces, races, nature de l’alimentation en particulier) permettrait à termes de proposer les moyens de produire des laits et des produits laitiers dont les apports en vitamines pourraient être optimisés.
Моделирование переходного сопротивления изоляции магистрального трубопровода по данным измерений модуля вектора магнитной индукции
Authors: Кризский Владимир Николаевич , Krizsky Vladimir Nikolaevich , Викторов Сергей Владимирович , Viktorov Sergei Vladimirovich , Лунтовская Яна Алексеевна , Luntovskaya Yana Alekseevna
Published: August 2022

Интерпретация данных магнитометрии магистральных трубопроводов с целью
оценки состояния их изоляционного покрытия актуальна как подзадача для систем
автоматизированного управления процессом эксплуатации трасс. Определение переходного сопротивления на границе «грунт / труба» -- обратная задача математической физики. В работе построена математическая модель обратной задачи определения переходного сопротивления на границе «грунт / труба» по данным измерений в воздухе модуля вектора магнитной индукции магнитного поля, возбуждаемого постоянным электрическим током системы катодной электрохимической
защиты трубопровода. В классе ограниченных кусочно-постоянных функций решение ищется методом А.Н. Тихонова как экстремаль регуляризирующего функционала. Результаты вычислительного эксперимента демонстрируют возможность
определения переходного сопротивления внешнего изоляционного покрытия трубопровода по данным измерений вектора магнитной индукции в воздухе на высотах, варьируемых от 2 до 4 длин «дефектных» сегментов.
High Rates of Imminent Subsequent Fracture After Femoral Neck Fracture in the Elderly
Authors: Bogoch Earl , Marcano-Fernández Francesc A. , Schemitsch Emil H. , Zhou Qi , Bzovsky Sofia , Bhandari Mohit , Schneider Prism S. , Swiontkowski Marc , Sprague Sheila ,   the FAITH Investigators,   the HEALTH Investigators
Published: August 2022

Background:

Fragility fractures of the hip are known to be followed frequently by subsequent fragility fractures, including second hip fractures. Data on subsequent fractures are available for aggregated index femoral neck and intertrochanteric femoral fractures, grouped generically as hip fractures, but not specifically for femoral neck fractures. There is increasing recognition that a subsequent fracture often occurs early after a hip fracture in the elderly, creating an emphasis on the concept of “imminent fracture risk.” Since 2000, there have been many reports on the care gap in interventions after a fragility fracture, with concern regarding the slow uptake of appropriate systemic treatments designed to prevent a subsequent fracture in high-risk patients.

Methods:

As planned a priori, we performed an analysis of subsequent fractures after an index femoral neck fracture in 2 prospective clinical trials involving 2,520 patients from 90 sites on 5 continents. We recorded the incidence and time of occurrence of all secondary fragility fractures as well as the reported use of bone-protective medication in all subjects.

Results:

In the 24 months following the index femoral neck fracture, 226 (9.0%) of 2,520 patients sustained at least 1 subsequent fragility fracture, including 113 hip fractures (4.5%). The median interval from the index fracture to a subsequent fracture was approximately 9.0 months. Only 25.2% (634) of the 2,520 patients reported using bone-protective medications at any time during follow-up. Female patients, those with nondisplaced index fractures, and those treated with arthroplasty, were more likely to have received protective medication.

Conclusions:

Subsequent fractures, including second hip fractures, occurred frequently and early following an index femoral neck fracture in 2 large global cohorts. Interventions to prevent a subsequent fracture were instituted in only 1 of 4 patients, even though a focused directive was included in both study protocols.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Periprosthetic Femur Fractures in Osseointegration Amputees
Authors: Hoellwarth Jason Shih , Rozbruch S. Robert
Published: August 2022

Cases:

Two patients with periprosthetic femur fracture proximal to a femoral osseointegration had surgical stabilization. These cases produced operative challenges because commonly used intraoperative traction methods cannot be used for patients with transfemoral osseointegration.

Conclusion:

We describe a novel technique to apply traction and rotation to the osseointegrated extremity: using the implant's antirotation propeller handle. This allows for an otherwise familiar technique to be used for fracture fixation: open reduction with internal fixation using a proximal femur hook plate and eccentric peri-implant screws.
The relationship of metacognitive abilities of students with ADHD with their mathematical competence with the use of ICT’s
Authors: Tsampouris Georgios
Published: August 2022

Metacognition is the ability of learners to take necessary steps to plan suitable strategies for solving the problems they face, to evaluate consequences and outcomes and to modify the approach as needed, based on the use of their prior knowledge. Students are aware of the learning process and know how they learn is important in terms of both controlling their previous learning and building their new learning on the previous ones. Knowing which cognitive factors underlie individual differences in mathematical abilities is the key to gaining further insight into children’s mathematical development. In this article are conceptualized children with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) who experience difficulty in managing attention in school and make a thorough study which is focused on how metacognition helps ADHD-learners to successfully achieve a personal goal by choosing the right cognitive Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) tools for this purpose. This article, therefore, discusses the object of explaining the relationship and impact of metacognitive awareness on student's academic achievement, especially on their mathematical competence and makes the appropriate connections with the contemporary necessary technological equipment for educational use, in a way that students who receive metacognition-based education do enjoy learning and this method is sustainable
Demonstrating the safety and efficacy of the Hemafuse device for autotransfusion in a swine model of intraperitoneal pelvic hemorrhage
Authors: Treffalls Rebecca N , Stonko David P , Lang Eric , Lubas Matthew , Morrison Jonathan J
Published: August 2022

Noncompressible hemorrhage, such as pelvic hemorrhage, is associated with a high mortality rate and is a potentially preventable cause of death. Blood transfusion is a critical part of resuscitation, however, the availability or storage of blood products in austere and rural settings can impede or delay necessary transfusion. Similarly, large animal laboratories may also have limited resources, such as no banked animal blood. To minimize the need for donor blood products, blood recovery and autotransfusion can be performed using an intra-operative cell salvage machine. While this technique has proven to be beneficial, it is expensive, requires electricity, and can delay the time of transfusion. Recently, a handheld autotransfusion device was created for rural, remote, or low-resource facilities to return shed blood back to a patient or animal undergoing surgery quickly. To determine the resuscitative feasibility of the device, we sought to develop a swine model of open intraperitoneal pelvic hemorrhage, which is a common clinical scenario in low resource settings where cesarean section is one of the most common operations. The aim of this study is to use a model of pelvic hemorrhage to compare resuscitation strategies encountered in austere environments:Strategy 1 (control arm): a crystalloid-based resuscitation.Strategy 2 (therapeutic arm): salvaged, filtered blood recovered by a novel handheld device.Primary outcome: · Red blood cell mass (hematocrit) at four hours following resuscitation.Secondary outcomes: · Hematologic: complete blood count (WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, platelet count), free Hb, blood smear, blood culture, and potassium. · Coagulation: thromboelastography (TEG), INR, PT, aPTT, ACT. · Hemodynamic measures: mean arterial pressure and heart rate trends. · Device: time to evacuate blood and time to re-transfusion.
Laser ultrasonic Evaluation of 316L Corrosion Resistance Based on the Influence of Grain Size
Authors: ZHU Zhenge , YIN Anmin , XU Xiaodong , ZHANG Shuyi , ZHANG Zewen , SHU Xuedao
Published: August 2022

Several 316L samples with different grain size and distribution were conducted with different heat treatments, and then each samples were measured by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Laser ultrasonic, and Electrochemistry. Longitudinal wave echoes were used to calculate the attenuation of ultrasound after wavelet transform. The results show that the average grain size will affect the corrosion resistance of the sample, and the attenuation of ultrasonic waves has a high sensitivity to the average grain size. Finally, a laser ultrasonic evaluation method for 316L corrosion resistance based on the influence of mean grain size on corrosion resistance is proposed, and it is a nondestructive testing method which could be used in online testing.
Structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic characteristics of 20MnFe2O4-80SiO2 nanocomposite synthesized by the one-pot auto-combustion route.
Authors: Salehizadeh Ali , Costa Benilde , Rodrigues V. H. , Greneche Jean-Marc , Valente M.A. , Graça Manuel
Published: August 2022

We report an investigation of the structural, morphological, the ac-dc electrical, magnetic, and Mössbauer spectroscopy properties of 20MnFe2O4-80SiO2 nanocomposite prepared using a one-step and facile auto-combustion approach. XRD pattern shows the formation of MnFe2O4 nanocrystallite without any crystallization of the SiO2 phase. However, the presence of a secondary phase of the nanosized α-Fe2O3 particles was also detected. The morphological analysis showed aggregation of polygonal magnetic nano-crystallites dispersed non-uniformly in a silica matrix. The dc electrical measurements performed on a wide range of temperatures from 120 to 400 K showed the semiconducting nature of the nanocomposite. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity could be perfectly fitted to the nearest neighborhood hopping model with activation energy, ΔENNH, of 0.45 eV. The Nyquist plots demonstrated a nonmonotonous thermally activated trend and non-Debye relaxation behavior. An equivalent circuit was successfully fitted to the complex impedance spectra. The variation of both grain and grain boundary conductivities as a function of temperature exhibited three distinct regions, semiconducting-metallic-semiconducting with different activation energies over the measured temperature window. The provided description of such behavior is further advocated by the ac conductivity and dielectric modulus studies. VSM measurements revealed that the nanocomposite magnetic behavior deviates from the ideal non-interacting superparamagnetic picture, due to the presence of α-Fe2O3 nanocrystalline impurities and relatively intensive exchange interactions between ions. Mössbauer spectra showed the presence of Fe3+ ions with sixfold environment and also confirmed the existence of a sextet related to α-Fe2O3 with a quantity of 28% out of magnetic components. Fe3+ superparamagnetic doublets were also found within the fitting procedure.