bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RURAL POPULATION IN ROMANIA. TRAITS AND EVOLUTION: 2010-2020
Authors:   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, POPESCU Doris-Louise
Published: September 2022

In the context of a process of expanding urbanization, societies tend to reflect more on the role that rural space, including the rural population, will play in the future. To what extent will the rural area maintain its fundamental functions? To what extent will the rural population adapt to change and find its place in a world with a growing urban character? Things are even more complex in the case of Romania, for a long time our country being an agricultural one. Even at the present time, Romania disposes of a generous rural area and of a considerable rural population. Our study aims to capture the evolution of the rural population in the last decade, respectively to identify whether, compared to previous periods, the same trends have been maintained, and if there have been changes, to capture what those were.
ADVANTAGES OF MUTUAL AID HOUSES IN ROMANIA ACCORDING TO NON-BANKING FINANCIAL SERVICES USERS
Authors:   Valahia University of Targoviste, STATE Violeta , TĂNASE Loredana Cristina ,   Valahia University of Targoviste, MARCU Laura ,   Valahia University of Targoviste
Published: September 2022

Mutual Aid Houses enjoy a long presence on the Romanian market of non-banking services. Unlike mutual organizations from other European countries, in Romania mutual organizations have a much narrower field of activity. They may loan and provide an array of social services to members. Our study aims to highlight the benefits of Mutual Aid Houses as a support of person’s preference to this form of association and financial loan. After a briefly presentation of the situation of Mutual Aid Houses in Romania, based on statistical data, we show the results of a qualitative study based on in-depth interview, conducted in a Mutual Aid House for employees. The purpose of this case study is to highlight the perception that members of the Mutual Aid House have on services provided, the extent to which these services are used by members, as well as the appreciation they show to a number of attributes that define the offer of the Mutual Aid House. In addition, our analysis brings information by outlining the main aspects that define the presence of Mutual Aid Houses on the market of non-banking services, through a detailed presentation of the situation of a Mutual Aid House of employees and especially by highlighting opinions of its members regarding the offer advantages, elements contributing ultimately to a better understanding of Mutual Aid Houses position among non-banking financial institutions.
CORRUPTION AND THE SHADOW ECONOMY - EFFECTS ON A COUNTRY’S ECOMICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, DAVID Costin-Dan , DUMITRASCU Danut-Dumitru ,   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu
Published: September 2022

Corruption and the shadow economy represent an interesting and current topic in the field of business, because they are responsible for important economic and financial loses, for the governments and the economic and social future of one’s country. Therefore, the current paper aims to underline the concepts of corruption and shadow economy, the main types of corruption and how the shadow economy manifests itself in different economical systems as well as some methods of analysing the shadow economy size. We are presenting some interesting results of a secondary data research developed in order to understand the impact of the corruption phenomena on the economical results of certain European countries, as well as assessing the evolution of the Corruption Perception Index in the EU and its impact in the population perception of corruption, combined with pointing out how the shadow economy reduces the value of the GDP, by providing a comparative analysis of different countries.
REALITIES AND ACCOUNTING PERSPECTIVES IN ROMANIA REGARDING THE PRODUCTION OF FURNITURE
Authors:   1 Decembrie 1918 University, Alba Iulia, DEACONU Sorin-Constantin , TEIUSAN Sorin-Ciprian ,   1 Decembrie 1918 University, Alba Iulia
Published: September 2022

This paper treats aspects concerning the evolution of turnover, costs and profitability in the furniture production sector. The purpose of the paper is to establish a certain link between the indicators presented in the financial statements prepared to the entities in the field of wood processing. In order to achieve such correlations, we will study the indicators of the Romanian entities whose object of activity is the production of furniture, with certain restrictions. The profitability of these types of entities has a sinuous aspect during the financial year, and expenditures on raw materials (timber, plywood) and consumables represent about 50% of sales in a given accounting period. The share of costs in sales made in a given period must not exceed 30% in this sector in order to ensure minimum profitability. We will use the case study method, the graphic method and other tools to highlight the evolution of turnover and costs in the field of wood processing. The study will be conducted on a number of approximately 2000 entities, regardless of whether they record a loss or profit for a given financial year. A specific aspect is the reverse charge operation that is used for the purchase of timber, as there are high tax risks in terms of value added tax. In this sense, we will provide excerpts from the VAT return and from the informative declaration regarding the deliveries / services and purchases made on the national territory. In this way we will present the correlations that must exist between the tax forms, as well as the existing correlations with the purchase journal and the sales journal. In the case of the furniture production sector, the stocks of finished products, raw materials and consumables are of particular importance, as their efficient management must be ensured.
OBESITY: A NEW PARADIGM OF SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION?
Authors:   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, DUGULEANA Andreea Raluca , CROITORU Daniel Mihai ,   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu
Published: September 2022

The obesity pandemic is a problem of modern society. The aim of the study is to establish an operational conceptualization of human biological needs in terms of obesity and to examine the correlations between obesity and education. Using data provided by WHO between 1975-2016, we measured the evolution of overweight and obesity across 32 countries from Europe. Unsustainable consumption generates for many individuals an unhealthy lifestyle in itself, which requires a paradigm shift in terms of lifestyle. We propose the orientation towards "the pleasure of living", through sustainable consumption and substantiate over this trend.
THE USE OF NEGATIVE PROBABILITIES IN ECONOMICS
Authors:   School of Advanced Studies of the Romanian Academy (SCOSAAR), Institute for World Economy, the Romanian Academy, Sorin-Nicolae CURCA
Published: September 2022

The concept of „negative probability” has become one of interest in research. Initially developed in connection with physics (negative probabilities are important in the analysis of quantum phenomena), nowadays it has applications in many other scientific disciplines. Its main advantage is that it extends the classical probability theory, which involves values between 0 and 1, allowing negative or supraunitary values. From this point of view, negative probabilities are a useful tool that facilitates the calculation and makes analysis more flexible through models. This paper aims to present the theoretical framework, the principles in relation to which the use of negative probabilities in economics, in general, can be understood. The existing literature highlights that the negative probabilities are appropriate in the analysis of stochastic processes and, from this perspective, has developed applications especially in the field of finance. In this sense, negative probabilities are used in models such as the binomial CRR model (The Cox-Ross-Rubinstein Market Model), that evaluate the price of derivatives on the capital market, those that include hidden variable (non-observable) etc. In our analysis we describe these models and, based on them, we try to identify the features of the negative probabilities that can be used in the economic field. The research is a theoretical one, leading the way for new approaches in the direction of using negative probabilities in macroeconomic modelling.
Kebakaran Hutan Dan Bencana Asap Sebagai Dasar Force Majeure Dalam Pemenuhan Kewajiban Kontraktual
Authors: Zhafran Muhammad , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Purba Hasyim , Sukarja Detania
Published: September 2022

Struktur perjanjian umumnya selalu termaktub klausul force majeure, bertujuan agar para pihak mengerti pembatasan antara kelalaian yang disebabkan oleh para pihak itu sendiri dan kelalaian yang terjadi karena adanya keadaan yang memaksa. Apabila kelalaian nyatanya terjadi disebabkan oleh para pihak itu sendiri, maka tentu saja para pihak dapat dinyatakan wanprestasi. Artinya, dalam suatu perkara wanprestasi, apabila salah satu pihak berdalih kelalaiannya terjadi karena force majeure, maka pihak tersebut haruslah membuktikan unsur-unsur force majeure tersebut. Lalu, pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini apakah peristiwa kebakaran hutan dan bencana asap dikategorikan force majeure dalam hukum kontrak Indonesia, serta bagaimana penerapan hukum dalam putusan pengadilan berkaitan dengan kebakaran hutan dan bencana asap sebagai dasar force majeure. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peristiwa kebakaran hutan dapat dikatakan sebagai force majeure dengan ketentuan terpenuhinya syarat-syarat force majeure itu sendiri. Hal ini dilakukan dengan maksud membatasi penghilangan perbuatan melawan hukum terhadap pihak-pihak yang sengaja melakukan pembakaran hutan guna menghilangkan tanggung jawabnya. Penerapan hukum dalam putusan pengadilan berkaitan dengan kebakaran hutan dan bencana asap sebagai dasar force majeure dalam Putusan PT DKI Nomor Nomor 540/PDT/2017/PT.DKI yang mana hakim membatalkan putusan PN Jkt.Sel Nomor 591/Pdt.GLH/2015/PN.Jkt.Sel dan menyatakan kebakaran hutan sebagai force majeure dengan alasan dan pertimbangan tertentu.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM JAKPRENEUR PADA UMKM BINAAN DINAS PERINDUSTRIAN, PERDAGANGAN, KOPERASI, USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG PRIOK
Authors: Azkia Himayatu Dini
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK

Pengembangan UMKM menjadi hal yang penting untuk dilakukan, melihat dari kontribusinya terhadap PDB dan potensi jumlahnya. Khususnya UMKM binaan Dinas PPKUKM pada Kecamatan Tanjung Priok yang memiliki potensi jumlah lebih banyak dibandingan dengan Kecamatan lainnya di Kota Jakarta Utara. Implementasi Program Jakpreneur menjadi salah satu upaya dalam mengembangkan UMKM dan mengurangi pengangguran melalui peningkatan kesempaatn berwirausaha. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui Implementasi Implementasi Program Jakpreneur Pada UMKM Binaan Dinas PPKUKM di Kecamatan Tanjung Priok.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi; Jakpreneur; UMKM; Kecamatan Tanjung Priok
CYCLICAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY OF A SMALL OPEN COMMODITY ECONOMY
Authors:   State Organization “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Bublyk Yevhen
Published: September 2022

Introduction. During periods of instability, there is an interruption of the investment process and capital flight. On the one hand, this complicates the course of the phase of financial instability, and on the other hand, it makes the development of complex technological industries that require long-term financing impossible. The article shows the regularity of such a transmission of cyclical downturns in the strengthening of structural vulnerability of small open commodity economies using the example of Ukraine. In accordance with the change in the conditions of external commodity markets, they have a pro-cyclical effect, provoking the accumulation of structural vulnerabilities in the form of growth in budget expenditures and imports due to increased export earnings and investments in favorable phases of the cycle, and intensifying factors of instability in periods of recession. Materials and methods. The research used methods of theoretical generalization, abstraction, synthesis and deduction, statistical and economic analysis. Data from the World Bank and the National Bank of Ukraine were used as statistical series. Scientific publications and reports of international organizations in the relevant areas have been used. Results and discussion. The article shows that the fixation of the structural basis of the economy is an important factor in vulnerability. In this regard, one of the key factors in increasing cyclical and structural instability is uncontrolled exchange rate volatility. Procyclical strengthening of the national currency in favorable phases limits the profitability of exports and makes imports cheaper, attracts speculative capital, and encourages an increase in the budget deficit. In periods of instability, uncontrolled devaluation increases the negative effects of instability, provoking financial crises. Conclusions. In order to get out of such a closed circle of cyclical-structural vulnerability, it is advisable to introduce a policy of controlling capital flows and move to an intermediate regime of the exchange rate with a limitation of its pro-cyclical volatility.
Pressing challenge of countering the extremist ideology
Authors: Ukrainski Vadim , Babina Kseniya , Grandonyan Karapet , Kozelskaya Irina , Soldunov Andrey
Published: September 2022

This article is focused on addressing the issues of countering the extremist ideology. At present, the activation of extremist and terrorist sentiments is a real threat to the national security of the Russian Federation. In this context, it is necessary to consolidate the entire civil society in order to effectively counter these phenomena. Against this background, one of the key areas in the fight against terrorist and extremist manifestations is their prevention among students and youth. The problem of countering extremism is a challenging and relevant task, which consists in the continuous interaction and coordination of the efforts of state authorities, law enforcement agencies and various types of public organisations to combat those phenomena. This research identified and substantiated the need for a systematic understanding of the essence and content of the social nature of this problem, trends and forms of manifestation, as well as counteraction and prevention methods. For a long time, the need to combat extremism and its extreme forms of terrorist acts, including those at the international level, as representing a real threat to the national security of the Russian Federation, has been relevant for the Russian state, especially its law enforcement agencies. It is one of the main issues to combat terrorism and extremism in Russia due to the fact that it is the responsibility of the state to observe and protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen.
The study results of would-be teachers’ readiness to form school-goers’ anti-terrorist consciousness
Authors: Voskrekasenko Olga , Sergeeva Svetlana , Varnikova Olga , Yasarevskaya Olga , Dianova Yulia
Published: September 2022

The study of the anti-terrorist consciousness development of young people as one of the options for solving the problem of countering their involvement in violent extremism is what has invoked the theme of the problem of would-be teachers’ readiness to form school-goers’ anti-terrorist consciousness. This is what has defined the objective of the study. The methods of achieving the objective were the analysis and generalization of some scientific literature, as well as the results of a students’ survey (“Pedagogical Education” training program). The analysis of scientific literature made it possible to identify and characterize the components of forming school-goers’ anti-terrorist consciousness including motivational, cognitive, and activity components. Due to the identified components, a questionnaire was developed as a tool for diagnosing would-be teachers’ readiness to solve the problem of forming school-goers’ anti-terrorist consciousness. The results of the study showed a high conviction of would-be teachers’ in the necessity and importance of this sphere of educational activity with school-goers because of the insufficient formation of the system of knowledge, skills, and abilities of its practical realization. It determines the necessity to improve their professional training. The novelty of the study lies in the identification and meaningful characteristics of various components of would-be teachers’ readiness for forming school-goers’ anti-terrorist consciousness.
Prevention of extremist behavior in educational institutions: psychological and legal problems
Authors: Ivanchin Artem , Smirnov Dmitry , Smirnov Aleksander , Solovyova Elizaveta
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this particular study is to search for methods aimed at preventing extremist behavior in educational and other organizations. An interdisciplinary approach was used in this work, as well as methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and classification, psychodiagnostic methods. As a result, a package of methods has been proposed in order to identify the propensity for extremist activity among students and university staff. Among them there are the following ones: the Methodology for diagnosing the dispositions of violent extremism, the Methodology for identifying the “Bullying Structure”, the Bass-Darki Aggressiveness Questionnaire, Destructive Communicative attitudes, Socio-psychological adaptation. Their capabilities and limitations have been also described. The proposals for improving labor legislation are substantiated and put forward, including an instruction legalizing the use of psychological techniques in Article 70 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). It is concluded that the use of these techniques in relation to employees is permissible only if they diagnose their business qualities. As for the students, in relation to them, the use of the considered package of methods is permissible only on a voluntary basis. Any comprehensive studies of this kind at the intersection of law and psychology in the field of countering extremism in the higher education system in our country have not been conducted.
On approaches to the implementation of legal mechanisms ensuring the constitutional rights of citizens to protect dignity and their guarantees
Authors: Rosenko Maria , Skrebets Elena
Published: September 2022

According to the results of the study, the main problematic issues of the implementation of the constitutional rights of citizens to protect honor and dignity are highlighted, the main methods of violence that are unacceptable for use in general are highlighted, including those associated with criminal acts (suspects, convicts, prisoners), as well as those not related to criminal acts (falsely accused (falsification of evidence) or provoked (throwing prohibited items), etc.). It is noted that cases of intentional pressure on a person in order to humiliate, suppress or achieve some information or behavior can be qualified as violence. As a result of such actions, life-threatening psychosomatic symptoms may occur, caused by the high stress of the situation, and the mental state of the detainee, the defendant, the defendant, does not allow him to adequately defend himself. The problems of the application of procedural measures by judicial bodies, bodies of inquiry, associated with the restriction of the constitutional rights and freedoms of participants in criminal proceedings are considered. According to the results, it is concluded that the issue of legal regulation and the practice of applying the law require further study in order to develop recommendations for the development of civil society, improving the human rights institution, the institute of inquiry, judicial bodies, including improving the legal norms governing it. Improvement mechanisms are proposed, including organizational and legal ones.
Narrative analysis to the problem of information extremism in the student environment
Authors: Kurbanova Lida , Sulumov Salambek , Yarychev Nasrudi , Ahmadova Zarina
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes students’ narratives by the method of focus groups on the problem of attitudes towards young women who left for Syria. The authors attempted to reconstruct the girls’ everyday discourse of “talking to a stranger on the Internet and going to Syria through interviews and focus-group communication”. In the context of narrative analysis, the authors see two levels of the problem: the micro-level – the ability to identify the degree of sensitivity to the ideology of Islamic fundamentalism through attitudes to the practical actions of specific girls who have already gone to Syria. Macro-level – “intergenerational conflict” or “intergenerational rift”. The result of intergenerational conflict in North Caucasus societies is often a religiously-extremist way of behaving to adults who do not share their “excessive immersion in Islam” to the detriment of traditional normative values. The analysis of youth narratives concerning the “departed” can also serve as an explanatory model for the response to a broader problem, namely the development of intergenerational dynamics in the context of a clash of values between the traditional culture of local societies and Islamic fundamentalism. In this two-level perspective, we see the prospect of further research into the problem of extremism in North Caucasian societies. In this article, we have designated the macro level as the “background site”. In our reconstruction of the everyday discourse of university students on the problem of “girls leaving for Syria”, we came to the following conclusions. The evaluations revealed the admissibility of sharing the spouse’s fate as an attributive understanding of marital duty within the framework of Islamic ideology. In the opinion of female students, the loneliness of girls, domestic violence, and the search for a “real man” can also serve as a possible decision for young women to communicate online with a stranger. The relevance of the problem of analyzing narratives is the need to comprehend the palette of opinions of a part of the youth audience, which is not considered to be young people in the “risk zone”.
Boot metaphor in the child’s post-traumatic discourse of terrorism
Authors: Smirnova Anna
Published: September 2022

The study focuses on the problem of metaphorical conceptualization of emotions by means of the boot metaphor. The analysis is based on the book of J.S. Foer “Extremely loud and incredibly close”. The paper examines the social and cultural context that shapes the interpretation of shoes in general and helps verbalize the post-traumatic discourse of terrorism by using the boot metaphor. The study comments on the metaphorical repertoire of J.S Foer. The methodology includes a descriptive method and a continuous sampling method. The author concludes that the boot metaphor is productive in terms of describing various emotional states within the novel “Extremely loud and incredibly close”. Such boot metaphors are frequently used to describe negative feelings. Research implications lie in enriching the knowledge about the author’s unconventional metaphors for describing emotional state. The findings may be used in the study of the intercultural communication, in the course text theory and the theory of cognitive metaphor.
Resilience of the Constitutional Phenomena to Social Threats (the United Kingdom case)
Authors: Kodaneva Svetlana
Published: September 2022

A noticeable trend in constitutional law in recent years has been a broad interpretation that allows referring to the subject of constitutional law, in addition to the provisions enshrined in the written constitution, also the sources of international and common law. This article is focused on the analysis of the risks arising from the recognition of constitutional principles formulated in various unwritten sources, such as traditions, doctrine and judicial interpretation. For this purpose, the experience of the United Kingdom is studied, a country that does not have a written constitution, and the legal system of which is based on constitutional principles enshrined in those various sources. At the same time, the Brexit process has become a clear example of a destabilising situation that has revealed internal conflicts and contradictions of the constitutional principles. The political processes, that accompanied the Brexit process and resulted in a constitutional crisis both at the horizontal (between the parliament and executive branch) and vertical (between the centre and regions) levels, are analysed. Based on the conducted study, it was concluded that the attribution to constitutional principles arising from international law and judicial practice is erroneous and is a dangerous phenomenon for the constitutional law. Consequently, a deep research into the nature of such ‘quasi-principles’ is required, revealing their place in the legal system of Russia, taking into account the hierarchy of principles, in which the principles arising from unwritten sources and international law should not be placed on the same level with constitutional principles directly enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Fusarium moniliforme ISOLATED FROM INFECTED MAIZE PLANTS FROM FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
Authors: KASHIF MUHAMMAD , ATIQ MUHAMMAD , RAJPUT NASIR AHMED , SAHI SHAHBAZ TALIB , YAQOOB FAHAD , ASHRAF MARIAM , FATIMA TAHREEM , GHAFFAR AQSA , AIMEN TAHREEM , TARIQ HAMZA
Published: September 2022

Maize (Zea mays L) is a parsimoniously important cereal crop after wheat and rice because it is rich in carbohydrates, protein, fiber, sugar, and ash, and oil that’s used as human food and the crop is used as animal feed too. The stalk rot of maize caused by Fusarium moniliforme (Fm) is one of the most important emerging threats to the successful production of maize in Pakistan. In this study the physicochemical characterization of Fm was done. Diseased samples of maize were collected from Faisalabad regions. Pathogen was isolated from the infected maize plant. In physiological test different pH levels (8.5, 7.5, 6.5 and 4) were evaluated and the highest fungal growth was observed at pH 7.5 (14.50mm), and the effect of different temperature (23, 28, 33, and 38) were also assessed. At 28°C temperature (38.42mm) the highest growth was observed. Different carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, dextrose, and maltose) versus were assessed. Glucose as a carbon source showed the highest fungal growth (11.62mm). Nitrogen sources such as urea, Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) were assessed, and urea showed the highest fungal growth (34.86mm). Fm was characterized by using biochemical tests such as cellulose hydrolysis, urease activity, β-glucosidase activity, phosphate, and polyphenol oxidases activity. All these biochemical showed the positive results except urease activity test. All the experiments were conducted under lab conditions by using Randomized Complete Block Design (CRBD). To observe the difference in response of treatments, least significant difference (LSD) was used at 0.05 % probability level.
A THERMODYNAMIC MODEL FOR INTERIOR BALLISTICS OF AN AMPHIBIOUS RIFLE
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Nguyen Van Hung
Published: September 2022

The article focuses on the establishment of a mathematical model for the interior ballistics of an amphibious rifle using a thermodynamic approach. The object of this paper is the amphibious rifle based on the operation of gas-operated weapons. The interior ballistic model was applied to the 5.56 mm amphibious rifle and solved by using MATLAB environment. The computed results are compared and validated by the measured muzzle velocity in three types of equipment systems when shooting in the air.
Kinerja karyawan hotel bintang 4 dan bintang 5 di Bandung Raya
Authors: Kania Dewi , Mudayat Mudayat
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze and study descriptively and derivatively related to the Influence of organizational culture and organizational commitment on job satisfaction and employee engagement and its implications on employee performance. This research method is a quantitative research method with descriptive and explanatory survey methods with crossectional categories. Population based on the geographical area with sampling techniques using proportional stratified random sampling. Sources of data obtained from Primary and Secondary data through observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation using data analysis techniques, namely Path Analysis. The results showed that descriptively organizational culture is in the exceptionally good to a suitable category, while organizational commitment is in the relatively good to the excellent category, then job satisfaction is in the good enough to the good category, and employee engagement and employee performance are also in the category of good enough to sound, and the whole hypothesis is accepted.
Analisis pengaruh pelatihan dan kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan
Authors: Puspitasari Ayu , Andara Adissya Maya , Putry Miranti , Sandra Mela
Published: September 2022

Human resources are a determining factor in achieving company goals. With these, human resources are required to be professional to achieve the targets and progress of the company so that they are superior to competitors. This type of research is a quantitative study to find out the effect of training and leadership on employee performance at Ramayana Mall Serang. The population in this study amounted to 63 employees, while the sample used was the saturated sample technique, which means that the entire population was sampled. The primary data used is through the distribution of questionnaires which are distributed directly to the respondents. The tool used to analyze the data obtained is using the help of SPSS software. The results showed that training and leadership either partially or simultaneously significantly affected employee performance. Ramayana Mall Serang is advised to pay attention and improve training and leadership to improve the quality of employee performance more optimally.
Social Surveillance In The Covid Pandemic: A Case Study Of Shanghai After An Extent Lockdown
Authors: Xia Yanyang
Published: September 2022

China is the first country to employ digital tracking systems (Jiankang Ma) on social media apps like WeChat and Alipay as monitoring devices to monitor people's travels to prevent the spread of Covid-19. The system collects citizens' individual information, including personal data (gender, I.D. number, etc.), personal health information (body temperature, contact with people from high-risk areas, etc.), travel history in the past 14 days, and health certification information (COVID-19 test by authorized organizations) to help effectively control the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. Although the health code policy showed effective outcomes after its implementation, there are significant worries regarding the system's potential for abuse or exploitation at the expense of individual rights due to the seeming unrestricted collection of personal data. Citizens began to question whether the Health Code is a technology for regulating the virus or a tool to surveil individuals' privacy, revealing the problem of information regulation policies of the Chinese government. This essay, therefore, will provide a deep insight into the operation mode of the Chinese Health code and seek the balance between the effectiveness of pandemic control and the infringement of citizens' privacy due to the unrestricted collection of personal information.
A Podcast Ethnography: Exploring Covid-19's Effect On The Scientific Enterprise
Authors: Jacqueline V. Aenlle Dr. , Meredith Maegan , Jamie L. Loizzo Dr. , Akers Alice
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 has directly impacted the scientific enterprise and higher education. During times of high stress or disaster, adaptability and resiliency directly impact an individual’s mental health. There is a lack of research about the experiences of agricultural and natural resource scientists and students during the pandemic. The purpose of the study was to explore the impact of COVID-19 on agricultural and natural resource scientists, graduate students, and the scientific enterprise at a land grant university. Using a podcast ethnographic approach to analyze a COVID-19 focused series of the [Streaming Science] podcast, this study found the pandemic halted many scientists’ research projects, required instructors to engage with their students online, increased time spent with family, and created an added awareness of student wellbeing and mental health.
Central Sensitization: The Unrecognized Expression of Autonomic Dysregulation
Authors: Behel Peter
Published: September 2022

Central sensitization is a condition that is usually associated with chronic pain, and refers to a heightened level of spinal cord neuron excitability compared to normal activation levels. In addition to this hyperexcitability resulting in a disproportionately elevated pain response, the accompanying sensory receptor field expansion can also increase responsiveness to non- painful stimulation. Recent studies have examined the role that autonomic nervous system dysfunction plays in the development of central sensitization (1). These findings underscore the potentiality that mediating autonomic output presents as an eﬀective means of moderating central sensitization.
The Impact of Virtual Zoom and Podcasts in Students Learning Outcomes and Challenges of Pandemic
Authors: Oriaku Ngozi
Published: September 2022

Virtual zoom or podcast technologies have revolutionized the student-center learning approach by many instructors and students in many colleges and universities due to Covid-19 pandemic. In this 21st century, society needs people with proper education and employers also are interested in quality education from students. Hence, this is possible due to virtual zoom, blackboard or podcast technologies that are available to instructors to teach and engage the student’s experience in order to provide the best possible avenue for learning. As new ideas and methods arise instructors must be able to grasp and utilize these changes to provide the best possible learning experience for their students. Although the traditional method of learning, which involves students going to classroom setting and listening to an instructor lecturing, is still, being used and there is still much improved methods which involves the use of virtual zoom, blackboard, and podcast. Through the research findings from journal articles, the paper addresses some concerns: (1) how does students’ learning supported by virtual zoom or podcast differ from face-to-face learning? (2) What types of difficulties do students encountered using zoom or podcast technologies to engage in their learning? (3)What are the advantages and disadvantages of zoom or podcasts? (4) What types of training should the instructors have before using virtual zoom or podcast to enhance their teaching methodologies? This paper therefore, focused on the impact of virtual zoom and podcasts in students learning experiences.
Exploring Changes Regarding Behaviour in Seeking Medical Treatment in Taiwan in the Post-Covid-19 Era
Authors: Chiang Kanglin
Published: September 2022

The spread of COVID-19 has changed the original way of life of human beings, and the immediate change is the behavior of seeking medical treatment. This study used a questionnaire survey to investigate Taiwanese medical treatment behavior changes after the epidemic. The results show that Taiwanese are very self-conscious when choosing the hospital or clinic they want to go to, with their convenience as the primary consideration. They only consider obtaining good services and medical equipment and using suitable medical equipment for treatment. Therefore, enhancing quality services and equipment in hospitals or clinics is one of the operational strategies under COVID-19. A closer look found that after the COVID-19 outbreak, the Taiwanese think about medical procedures in an egocentric way. During the epidemic, the government has been actively controlling external environmental risks. However, the Taiwanese care about how to solve their problems and can quickly reduce their troubles. In this case, the internal motivation broke through the government's risk control, resulting in a loophole in the government's risk control of COVID-19, allowing the epidemic to spread further.
QU'ATTENDENT LES PATIENTS EN SITUATION D'OCESITE DE LEUR MEDECIN GENERALISTE ?
Authors: NAKRACHI A , MOYNIEZ P , ROMON M , CUNIN M , BERKHOUT C , TILLY-DUFOUR A
Published: September 2022

Contexte. En France, l’obésité touche 7 millions de personnes. Aborder le sujet du poids chez les personnes en situation d’obésité est difficile en médecine générale, en raison d’une stigmatisation avérée de cette population. Objectif. Identifier les attentes de patients en situation d’obésité consultant leur médecin généraliste. Méthode. Étude qualitative réalisée chez des patients adultes ayant un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) de plus de 35 kg/m² consultant en médecine générale dans la métropole lilloise. Elle explorait l’expérience, les représentations et les attentes dans l’abord et la prise en charge de leur poids. Les données ont été recueillies par des entretiens individuels semi-structurés en face-à-face puis ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique. Résultats. Les entretiens mettaient en évidence une expérience de souffrance et de jugement, voire une discrimination. Le terme « obésité morbide » était rejeté. La notion normative d’IMC était parfois refusée. Leurs attentes différaient selon le stade motivationnel. Les notions de respect, de diplomatie et de confiance étaient importantes. Conclusion. L’abord du poids chez les patients en situation d’obésité consultant en médecine générale requiert une relation déculpabilisée et de confiance. Le terme « obésité morbide » ne doit plus être utilisé.
AUTOMESURE TENSIONNELLE ET AUTOTITRATION MEDICAMENTEUSE DANS L'HYPERTENSION ARTERIELLE : PERCEPTION DES PATIENTS ET DES MEDECINS GENERALISTES
Authors: TREFOND J , VORILHON P , COUDEYRE E , RICHARD A , PEREIRA B , CAMBON B , ROCHE MC , GOCKO X , VAILLANT-ROUSSEL H
Published: September 2022

Contexte. L’association automesure tensionnelle (AMT) et autotitration (ATT) médicamenteuse, améliore le contrôle tensionnel en autonomisant les patients. Encore peu utilisée en France, le point de vue des patients et des médecins généralistes (MG) français sur cette intervention n’était pas connu. Objectif. Explorer les freins et les leviers des patients et des MG à associer AMT et ATT médicamenteuse dans la prise en charge de l’hypertension artérielle. Méthode. Étude qualitative selon une approche globale d’analyse inductive. Entretiens individuels semi-dirigés de MG et de patients hypertendus pratiquant l’AMT en Auvergne. La catégorisation des données brutes et le codage parallèle en aveugle ont permis de développer un réseau de concepts en lien avec l’objectif de recherche. Résultats. Neuf MG et 14 patients ont participé à l’étude. Pour les patients, les freins à l’ATT étaient leur manque de connaissances médicales et le risque d’erreur dans la manipulation des médicaments. Les bénéfices attendus étaient la diminution du nombre de consultations médicales et un meilleur suivi tensionnel au quotidien. Les catégories socioprofessionnelles supérieures et les patients à haut risque cardiovasculaire paraissaient être les plus motivés. Pour les MG, les freins identifiés étaient le manque de temps à consacrer à cette éducation, et la nécessité d’encadrement des patients. L’autonomisation n’était pas, selon eux, une demande majoritaire des patients et l’intervention ciblait un profil restreint de patients. Les bénéfices attendus étaient l’implication du patient, la facilitation de la communication, et une aide à une meilleure compréhension de la maladie. Les jeunes femmes MG semblaient être les plus convaincues. Conclusion. Patients comme MG ont des avis partagés concernant l’ATT médicamenteuse. Ce travail exploratoire permettra d’adapter une étude interventionnelle appliquant l’AMT associée à l’ATT chez les patients hypertendus français.
INFLUENCE DES MEDIAS SUR L'ARRET DES TRAITEMENTS PAR STATINES A L'INITIATIVE DES PATIENTS EN ILE DE FRANCE
Authors: HAUBER C , COUMAR OC , MALMARTEL A
Published: September 2022

Contexte. Le profil d’efficacité et de sécurité des statines est régulièrement débattu dans les médias bien que ces traitements soient recommandés en prévention des événements cardiovasculaires ischémiques. Objectif. L’objectif était d’étudier la proportion des arrêts de consommation de statines liée aux patients et les facteurs associés, suite aux polémiques transmises par les médias. Méthode. Cette étude transversale incluait tous les patients de plus de 40 ans ayant déjà pris une statine et effectuant un bilan lipidique dans 7 laboratoires d’analyses médicales d’Île-de-France. Un autoquestionnaire recueillait leur caractéristiques sociodémographiques, leurs facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire, leurs traitements actuel et antérieur par statine, leurs connaissances et sources de connaissances sur les statines. L’influence de la polémique sur leur consommation était estimée par le calcul d’un pourcentage de risque attribuable (proportion d’arrêts attribuables à la polémique). Les facteurs associés à l’arrêt d’une statine étaient analysés par régressions logistiques multivariées. Résultats. Parmi 301 patients âgés de 65,6 ± 9,5 ans inclus, 19,3 % d’entre eux avaient arrêté leur statine. La proportion d’arrêts attribuables à la polémique était de 55,8 %. L’intérêt porté à la polémique était associé à un arrêt de la statine (OR = 2,29 ; IC95 = 1,07-5,16), notamment en prévention primaire (OR = 2,32 ; IC95 = 1,19-4,75), alors que l’antécédent de dyslipidémie (OR = 0,33 ; IC95 = 0,15-0,73) et la polymédication (OR = 0,82 ; IC95 = 0,69-0,96) y étaient inversement associés. Recevoir une information par son médecin traitant (OR = 2,48 ; IC95 = 1,37-4,58) ou par la radio (OR = 2,42 ; IC95 = 1,15-5,22) était associée à de meilleures connaissances sur les statines. Conclusion. Les polémiques sur les statines sont associées à un risque d’arrêt du traitement. Une meilleure connaissance de leur profil d’efficacité et de sureté grâce à une discussion avec le médecin traitant reste indispensable à la poursuite du traitement.
EFFICACITE ET TOLERANCE DES ANTIBIOTIQUES DANS LA GRIPPE NON COMPLIQUEE, LA BRONCHITE AIGUE, L'OTITE SEROMUQUEUSE ET LA RHINOPHARYNGITE AIGUE
Authors: DEVILLERS L , TEYSSIER H , STEENKISTE S , FOURNIER L , HAZARD A , FRANCOIS M
Published: September 2022

Contexte. Dans le cadre de la lutte contre la surmédicalisation, une liste de 5 procédures de soins fréquemment prescrites en médecine générale, malgré une balance bénéfice-risque défavorable (« liste des 5 »), a été formalisée en France. L’une de ces procédures était l’antibiothérapie. Objectif. Synthétiser les données de la littérature portant sur l’efficacité et la tolérance de l’antibiothérapie dans la grippe non compliquée, la bronchite aiguë, l’otite séromuqueuse (OSM) et la rhinopharyngite aiguë, sous forme de guides à destination des médecins généralistes participant à l’élaboration de cette « liste des 5 ». Méthodes. Les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses d’essais contrôlés randomisés (ECR), les ECR contre placebo et les études observationnelles ont été incluses. Les bases de données interrogées étaient Medline, Embase et la Cochrane Library. Après analyse de la qualité à l’aide de grilles de lecture, les études les plus pertinentes ont été sélectionnées pour la réalisation des guides. Résultats. Sur 5 296 articles, 3 méta-analyses et 1 étude de cohorte prospective ont été sélectionnées. Les résultats de ces études sont non significatifs concernant l’efficacité d’un antibiotique versus placebo pour le traitement de la grippe non compliquée et de la rhinopharyngite aiguë. Dans la bronchite aiguë l’antibiotique permet une diminution de la durée de la toux d’une demi-journée (RR = -0,55 ; IC95 = - 1,00 – -0,10). Pour l’OSM, l’antibiotique améliore la résolution complète visualisée sur la tympanométrie à deux ou trois mois (NNT = 5), mais les données sont incomplètes et contradictoires pour l’amélioration de l’audition. Les antibiotiques exposent à des effets indésirables (NNH = 24). Conclusion. La prescription d’antibiotiques ne semble pas avoir d’intérêt clinique pour le traitement de la grippe non compliquée, de la bronchite aiguë, de l’OSM et de la rhinopharyngite aiguë.
MALADIE RENALE CHRONIQUE
Authors: MALMARTEL A
Published: September 2022

La Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) a publié une mise à jour des recommandations concernant la prise en charge de la maladie rénale chronique (MRC)1. La MRC est définie par la présence de signes d’atteinte rénale persistant pendant plus de trois mois : une baisse du débit de filtration glomérulaire (DFG) < 60 mL/min/1,73 m², une protéinurie, une hématurie, une leucocyturie ou une anomalie morphologique rénale à l’échographie. Le déclin physiologique du DFG pourrait être de 2 mL/min/1,73 m² par an. Il est considéré comme modéré entre 2 et 5 mL/min/1,73 m² par an et rapide au-delà de 5 mL/min/1,73 m² par an. Les auteurs recommandent un dépistage de la MRC en cas de diabète, d’hypertension artérielle, de maladie cardiovasculaire, de maladie auto-immune, d’obésité, d’affection urologique, d’antécédent familial d’insuffisance rénale chronique terminale et d’expositions à des toxiques comme le plomb ou à des traitements néphrotoxiques comme les anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens.
EPUISEMENT PROFESSIONNEL ET QUALITE DE VIE CHEZ LES ETUDIANTS EN MEDECINE
Authors: TUSERA M , LE BONHEUR L , BIRAULT F
Published: September 2022

Introduction. L’épuisement professionnel (EP) des étudiants en médecine (EM) est une problématique importante en raison des conséquences sur les étudiants et les populations soignées. Sa prévalence (37,3 %) est élevée quels que soient le pays, l’organisation des soins et les études. L’amélioration de la qualité de vie (QDV) des étudiants durant leurs études est une piste développée par certaines facultés pour diminuer l’EP. Objectif. Réaliser une synthèse des connaissances traitant des liens entre EP et QDV chez les EM. Méthode. Revue de la littérature à partir des résultats de recherche en anglais et en français, publiés entre l’année 1977 et le 1er avril 2019, dans les bases de données numériques médicales PubMed, PsycInfo et Cochrane. Les études présentant des résultats concernant à la fois l’EP et la QDV chez les EM ont été retenues après triangulation des chercheurs. Résultats. Quarante-sept études ont été incluses. La prévalence de l’EP chez les EM toutes années confondues était de 3,5 à 75,1 % selon les études et selon les échelles utilisées (MBI, MBI-[G]SS, BOSS, OLBI, AVEM, ProQOL). La QDV mentale était globalement mauvaise pour 13 à 62 % des étudiants. Les principales échelles utilisées étaient SF-36, GHQ, SWLS, LASA, WHOQOL. Vingt-cinq articles étaient en faveur d’un lien entre l’EP et la QDV, 10 articles concluaient l’inverse. Les autres articles n’étudiaient pas le lien. Conclusion. Le lien entre l’EP et la QDV semble inversement proportionnel, mais reste à ce jour difficilement évaluable du fait de la grande disparité des échelles utilisées.