bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positional Differences in Peak- and Accumulated- Training Load Relative to Match Load in Elite Football
Authors: Baptista Ivan , Johansen Dag , Figueiredo Pedro , Rebelo António , Pettersen Svein A.
Published: December 2019

Quantification of training and match load is an important method to personalize the training stimulus’ prescription to players according to their match demands. The present study used time-motion analysis and triaxial-accelerometer to quantify and compare: a) The most demanding passages of play in training sessions and matches (5-min peaks); b) and the accumulated load of typical microcycles and official matches, by playing position. Players performance data in 15 official home matches and 11 in-season microcycles were collected for analysis. Players were divided into four different playing positions: Centre-backs, wing-backs, centre midfielders, and centre forwards. The results show that match demands were overperformed for acceleration counts (acccounts) (131%–166%) and deceleration counts (deccounts) (108%–134%), by all positions. However, relative to match values, training values for sprint distance (sprintdist) and high-intensity run distance (HIRdist) were considerably lower (36%–61% and 57%–71%) than for accelerations and decelerations. The most pronounced difference on the 5-min peaks was observed in sprints (sprintpeak), with wing-backs achieving during the microcycle only 64% of the sprintpeak in matches, while centre backs, centre midfielders, and centre forwards levelled and overperformed the match values (107%, 100%, and 107%, respectively). Differences observed across playing positions in matches and microcycles underline the lack of position specificity of common training drills/sessions adopted by coaches in elite football.
Mapping Urban Networks through Inter-Firm Investment Linkages: The Case of Listed Companies in Jiangsu, China
Authors: Li Zherui , Feng Zhen
Published: December 2019

Recently, literature on urban network research from the perspective of firm networks has been increasing. Focusing on firms’ multi-location distribution, existing studies use mainly the internal organization structural information of firms to portray one-type industry or all-industry networks, and there are deficiencies in reflecting the authenticity of networks and comparing the differences across industries. In contrast to studies applying intra-firm networks, this study collects real investment data of all listed firms in Jiangsu Province and studies urban networks through quantifying inter-firm linkages. Based on inter-firm investment linkages, this study provides fresh insights on inter-city connections in China. The results show that Nanjing, Suzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen are the constant network centers across different industries. Particularly, Shenzhen has been favored by more investment inflows far beyond its GDP. In China’s unique institutional context, state power, geographical location, market and other factors jointly affect the flow of investment, and the role of state power deserves special attention. Since real economic connections are used to describe urban networks, the findings might contribute to ongoing debates regarding economic centers in China and bring further implications for policy making in investment environment improvement. It enriches the research of urban networks based on real inter-firm connections, and provides ideas for the wider regional study and the combination of econometric techniques and social network analysis.
Biotope Area Factor: An Ecological Urban Index to Geovisualize Soil Sealing in Padua, Italy
Authors: Peroni Francesca , Pristeri Guglielmo , Codato Daniele , Pappalardo Salvatore Eugenio , De Marchi Massimo
Published: December 2019

Over the last few years, soil sealing has been recognized as one of the major threats in terms of soil degradation and loss of ecosystem services. Although many efforts have been promoted to increase the awareness of safeguarding soil for stakeholders, its value as a non-renewable resource as well as soil-related services in urban ecosystems is not implemented enough in urban planning and policies. Due to the spatially explicit component and the geographical scale of soil sealing, mapping and quantifying the number of sealed surfaces is crucial. The aim of this paper was to estimate and geovisualize the soil sealed in the city of Padua (Italy) at a very detailed scale, testing the use of the Biotope Area Factor (BAF) index. Moreover, the paper aimed to simulate an alternative mitigation scenario in a specific study area of the city. Spatial analysis was performed testing the BAF index in a Geographic Information Sistem (GIS) environment and using aerial ortho-photos at very high resolution. The results show different values of the BAF index for all four neighborhoods from 0.35 to 0.69. In the mitigation scenario, the value of the BAF index was improved using a measure of green roofs. In conclusion, the paper provides an insightful case study for enriching the debate about soil sealing and gives scientific support for sustainable urban planning.
The Conducted Emission Attenuation of Micro-Inverters for Nanogrid Systems
Authors: Jettanasen Chaiyan , Ngaopitakkul Atthapol
Published: December 2019

Road lighting systems require a significant amount of electric energy. To compensate for the utilized energy, the concept of a nanogrid road lighting system is presented. A solar panel is installed on the top of a lighting pole to generate electric power. In this research, a photovoltaic simulator (PV simulator), which is used to simulate solar behavior such as current, voltage, and power based on temperature and solar irradiance levels, is employed to replace a solar panel. In the nanogrid system, grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters are employed to convert the electric power. The inverters comprise switching devices that can generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) when operating, which is harmful to the grid system and the electrical equipment. In general, EMI has been studied and reduced in electrical appliances, which only receive electric power. However, for the nanogrid system, which supplies electricity to the grid system, there is less study on the EMI topic because the usage is still not widespread. In the future, the nanogrid system will be widely used delivering high power directly into the electrical grid system. Therefore, the study and attenuation of EMI in the nanogrid system are very promising. Conducted emission (CE) is one form of EMI that flows through a cable connecting several appliances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 30 MHz. CE of grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters have high levels in the low-frequency range between 150 kHz–5 MHz and then decreases steadily. CE attenuation is important for this inverter in a solar power system. This research studies the effect of CE mitigation on the nanogrid system. The result is compared with the Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radio (CISPR) 14-1 standard. Finally, the passive EMI filter can reduce CE and meets the CISPR 14-1 standard.
Dynamic Outsourcing Development for Sustainable Competitive Advantage in a High-Tech Backend Semiconductor Equipment Firm
Authors: Jo Hyun-Joon , Connerton Timothy , Kim Hyun-Jung
Published: December 2019

In a high-tech backend semiconductor business where a market environment changes sharply and requires competitiveness of high technology, one of the most important criteria is to establish an optimal strategy for outsourcing development so a firm can achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. Many studies have investigated sustainable and successful strategies for the selection and management of outsourcing suppliers, whereas, this study focuses mainly on analyzing the most affecting factor for outsourcing development in the perspective of dynamic capability by using the Delphi Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. For the analysis of affecting factors, 4 dimensions are defined: technology, organization, environment, and process. The research result shows that the sustainability of the productive skill in the technology dimension is adopted as the most affecting factor for outsourcing development among the defined 4 dimensions of an outsourcing supplier’s capability. With this research, a high-tech firm can measure the level of each dimension and each factor in developing outsourcing service providers. Then the firm can develop an appropriate outsourcing provider who contributes to the firm’s sustainable competitive advantage. This study also provides a practical and strategic framework of a high-tech firm’s outsourcing development in variable market situations and changeable conditions of transaction.
Analysing the Environmental Values and Attitudes of Rural Nepalese Children by Validating the 2-MEV Model
Authors: Regmi Shakil , Johnson Bruce , Dahal Bed Mani
Published: December 2019

The Two-dimensional Model of Ecological Values (2-MEV), developed and verified in Western Europe, successfully explores the environmental values and attitudes of the children (11−16 years old) using questionnaires/items. However, the reliability of the 2-MEV Scale and its bi-dimensionality in a non-industrialised country, such as Nepal, is unexplored. Nepal lies within the monsoon region, which triggers extreme environmental crises such as floods. As environmental values and attitudes are related to pro-environmental/adaptive behaviour, this study analyses not only the values and attitudes of children but also the validity of the 2-MEV Scale in a different geographic and socioeconomic setting. Therefore, the items of the 2-MEV Scale were modified, translated, and validated in two rounds with 200 and 201 children. Results were examined using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. The findings validated the two constructs of environmental values (Preservation and Utilisation) with a correlation of −0.93, but the attitude’s pattern varied from that found in industrialised countries. Finally, the rural Nepalese version of the 2-MEV was used to measure environmental values. Most children (78.62% from n = 379) show an inclination towards Preservation, 0.26% towards Utilisation, 20.05% towards both values partially, and 1.05% were neutral. In general, the children held pro-environmental values and attitudes.
User-Driven Innovation in Poland: Determinants and Recommendations
Authors: Szopik-Depczyńska Katarzyna , Cheba Katarzyna , Bąk Iwona , Ioppolo Giuseppe
Published: December 2019

For many years different scientists have published the results of research related to the usage of UDI (user-driven innovation) concept and its impact on innovation activity of enterprises. None of them, however, concerned the relationship between various determinants for developing the R&D (Research and Development) sphere. It is the reason why the main purpose of the study is to present the empirical evidence in finding the determinants for usage of “user-driven innovation” concept (UDI). The work focuses on using this concept in R&D departments, which are very often responsible for introducing this kind of innovation in a firm’s practice. The use of the UDI concept in R&D in the enterprise will be influenced by various factors which, in the literature, are divided into external, independent of the enterprise; and internal, which can be a result of adopted strategies, action plans and/or operating standards. The implementation of UDI in enterprises gives a number of benefits resulting from interaction with the environment, but also encounters barriers and internal problems that need to be neutralized. It is why, in this paper, the internal factors will be considered. To present the relationship between the selected variables, the correspondence analysis which constitutes one of the methods for multidimensional statistical analysis, was applied. The results presented in the paper allowed to formulate several important conclusions about the potential level of implementation of UDI concept in R&D departments in Poland. Firstly, it should be noted that in Poland, the UDI concept is still seen as new. This is why there are no scientific publications on this topic, as well as a lack of system solutions and strategic documents encouraging entrepreneurs to conduct research and development activity based on contacts with users. That is why authors have made some recommendations regarding the promotion of activities related to the use of UDI in research and development processes. Our research supplements the current knowledge in the field of internal conditions affecting the implementation of the UDI concept in enterprises which are starting to implement this concept.
Evaluating a Planning Support System’s Use and Effects in Urban Adaptation: An Exploratory Case Study from Berlin, Germany
Authors: McEvoy Sadie , van de Ven Frans H. M. , Brolsma Reinder , Slinger Jill H.
Published: December 2019

Planning Support Systems (PSS) are increasingly used to support collaborative planning workshops in urban adaptation practice. Research has focused on developing such tools and evaluating their use in workshops but has not measured tools’ effects over time on real planning processes, on the participants involved, and on the final outcomes. The role that tools play in adaptation planning, therefore, remains unclear. A longitudinal case study was made to evaluate a PSS, the Adaptation Support Tool (AST), in a design workshop for sustainable urban water management, in Berlin, Germany. The case study also served to test the evaluation framework and generate insights regarding systematic evaluations of tools in planning processes. The case study was carried out over eighteen months, to capture both the details of the workshop and its longer-term effects on the project and participants. Our results show that the AST’s most evident effects were (1) contributory and less tangible in nature (e.g., supporting learning), than directly causal and concrete (e.g., affecting planning decisions), and (2) a function of the process and context in which the workshop took place. This study demonstrates that making systematic, longitudinal evaluations are valuable for studying the role of PSS in urban adaptation planning.
Antiviral Agents as Therapeutic Strategies Against Cytomegalovirus Infections
Authors: Chen Shiu-Jau , Wang Shao-Cheng , Chen Yuan-Chuan
Published: December 2019

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a threat to human health in the world, particularly for immunologically weak patients. CMV may cause opportunistic infections, congenital infections and central nervous system infections. CMV infections are difficult to treat due to their specific life cycles, mutation, and latency characteristic. Despite recent advances, current drugs used for treating active CMV infections are limited in their efficacy, and the eradication of latent infections is impossible. Current antiviral agents which target the UL54 DNA polymerase are restricted because of nephrotoxicity and viral resistance. CMV also cannot be prevented or eliminated with a vaccine. Fortunately, letermovir which targets the human CMV (HCMV) terminase complex has been recently approved to treat CMV infections in humans. The growing point is developing antiviral agents against both lytically and latently infected cells. The nucleic acid-based therapeutic approaches including the external guide sequences (EGSs)-RNase, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are being explored to remove acute and/or latent CMV infections. HCMV vaccine is being developed for prophylaxis. Additionally, adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) has been experimentally used to combate drug-resistant and recurrent CMV in patients after cell and/or organ transplantation. Developing antiviral agents is promising in this area to obtain fruitful outcomes and to have a great impact on humans for the therapy of CMV infections.
Dendritic Cells in HIV/SIV Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccination
Authors: Ko Eun-Ju , Robert-Guroff Marjorie
Published: December 2019

Dendritic cells (DCs) are involved in human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) pathogenesis but also play a critical role in orchestrating innate and adaptive vaccine-specific immune responses. Effective HIV/SIV vaccines require strong antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses, cytotoxic activity of CD8 T cells, and neutralizing/non-neutralizing antibody production at mucosal and systemic sites. To develop a protective HIV/SIV vaccine, vaccine regimens including DCs themselves, protein, DNA, mRNA, virus vectors, and various combinations have been evaluated in different animal and human models. Recent studies have shown that DCs enhanced prophylactic HIV/SIV vaccine efficacy by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines, improving T cell responses, and recruiting effector cells to target tissues. DCs are also targets for therapeutic HIV/SIV vaccines due to their ability to reverse latency, present antigen, and augment T and B cell immunity. Here, we review the complex interactions of DCs over the course of HIV/SIV prophylactic and therapeutic immunizations, providing new insights into development of advanced DC-targeted HIV/SIV vaccines.
Impact of Communicative and Informative Strategies on Influenza Vaccination Adherence and Absenteeism from Work of Health Care Professionals Working at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy: A Quasi-Experimental Field Trial on Twelve Influenza Seasons
Authors: Costantino Claudio , Casuccio Alessandra , Caracci Francesca , Bono Stefania , Calamusa Giuseppe , Ventura Gianmarco , Maida Carmelo Massimo , Vitale Francesco , Restivo Vincenzo
Published: December 2019

Every year, about 20% of health care workers (HCWs) acquire influenza, continuing to work and encouraging virus spreading. Influenza vaccination coverage rates and absenteeism from work among HCWs of the University Hospital (UH) of Palermo were analyzed before and after the implementation of several initiatives in order to increase HCWs’ awareness about influenza vaccination. Vaccines administration within hospital units, dedicated web pages on social media and on the UH of Palermo institutional web site, and mandatory compilation of a dissent form for those HCWs who refused vaccination were carried out during the last four influenza seasons. After the introduction of these strategies, influenza vaccination coverage went up from 5.2% (2014/2015 season) to 37.2% (2018/2019 season) (p < 0.001), and mean age of vaccinated HCWs significantly decreased from 48.1 years (95% CI: 45.7–50.5) to 35.9 years (95% CI: 35.0–36.8). A reduction of working days lost due to acute sickness among HCWs of the UH of Palermo was observed. Fear of adverse reactions and not considering themselves as a high-risk group for contracting influenza were the main reasons reported by HCWs that refused vaccination. Strategies undertaken at the UH of Palermo allowed a significant increase in vaccination adherence and a significant reduction of absenteeism from work.
Prediction of Algal Chlorophyll-a and Water Clarity in Monsoon-Region Reservoir Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Mamun Md , Kim Jung-Jae , Alam Md Ashad , An Kwang-Guk
Published: December 2019

The prediction of algal chlorophyll-a and water clarity in lentic ecosystems is a hot issue due to rapid deteriorations of drinking water quality and eutrophication processes. Our key objectives of the study were to predict long-term algal chlorophyll-a and transparency (water clarity), measured as Secchi depth, in spatially heterogeneous and temporally dynamic reservoirs largely influenced by the Asian monsoon during 2000–2017 and then determine the reservoir trophic state using a multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). We tested the models to analyze the spatial patterns of the riverine zone (Rz), transitional zone (Tz) and lacustrine zone (Lz) and temporal variations of premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon. Monthly physicochemical parameters and precipitation data (2000–2017) were used to build up the models of MLR, SVM and ANN and then were confirmed by cross-validation processes. The model of SVM showed better predictive performance than the models of MLR and ANN, in both before validation and after validation. Values of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were lower in the SVM model, compared to the models of MLR and ANN, indicating that the SVM model has better performance than the MLR and ANN models. The coefficient of determination was higher in the SVM model, compared to the MLR and ANN models. The mean and maximum total suspended solids (TSS), nutrients (total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)), water temperature (WT), conductivity and algal chlorophyll (CHL-a) were in higher concentrations in the riverine zone compared to transitional and lacustrine zone due to surface run-off from the watershed. During the premonsoon and postmonsoon, the average annual rainfall was 59.50 mm and 54.73 mm whereas it was 236.66 mm during the monsoon period. From 2013 to 2017, the trophic state of the reservoir on the basis of CHL-a and SD was from mesotrophic to oligotrophic. Analysis of the importance of input variables indicated that WT, TP, TSS, TN, NP ratios and the rainfall influenced the chlorophyll-a and transparency directly in the reservoir. These findings of the algal chlorophyll-a predictions and Secchi depth may provide key clues for better management strategy in the reservoir.
Projected Changes in the Water Budget for Eastern Colombia Due to Climate Change
Authors: Molina Oscar , Luong Thi Thanh , Bernhofer Christian
Published: December 2019

There is a lack of information about the effect of climate change on the water budget for the eastern side of Colombia, which is currently experiencing an increased pressure on its water resources due to the demand for food, industrial use, and human demand for drinking and hygiene. In this study, the lumped model BROOK90 was utilized with input based on the available historical and projected meteorological data, as well as land use and soil information. With this data, we were able to determine the changes in the water balance components in four different regions, representing four different water districts in Eastern Colombia. These four regions reflect four different sets of climate and geographic conditions. The projected data were obtained using the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM), in which two global climate models were used in addition to two different climate scenarios from each. These are the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5. Results showed that the temporal and spatial distribution of water balance components were considerably affected by the changing climate. A reduction in the generated streamflow for all of the studied regions is shown and changes in the evapotranspiration and stored water were varied for each region according to both the climate scenario as well as the characteristics of soil and land use for each area. The results of spatial change of the water balance components showed a direct link to the geography of each region. Soil moisture was reduced considerably in the next decades, and the percentage of decrease varied for each scenario.
Pemuridan Misioner dalam Menyiapkan Perluasan Gereja Lokal
Authors: Subekti Tri
Published: December 2019

The development and expansion of the church is a dream for many local churches. One of the most effective ways to develop or expand a local church is to do evangelism according to the great commission in Matthew 28: 19-20. To be able to move the congregation to carry out missionary activities missionary discipleship is needed. The article is a qualitative study of the significant influence of missionary discipleship on the expansion of the local church. By using a qualitative approach and descriptive method, the results obtained recommending the holding of missionary discipleship by the church to produce a congregation capable of carrying out the great commission of Jesus Christ.AbstrakPerkembangan dan perluasan gereja merupakan idaman bagi banyak gerejaa lokal. Salah satu cara yang paling efektif untuk mengembangkan atau melakukan ekspansi gereja lokal adalah melakukan penginjilan sesuai amanat agung dalam Matius 28:19-20. Untuk dapat menggerakkan jemaat melakukan kegiatan misi diperlukan pemuridan secara misioner. Artikel merupakan penelitian kualitatif tentang pengaruh signifikan dari pemuridan misioner terhadap perluasan gereja lokal. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskriptif, diperoleh hasil yang merekomendasikan diadakannya pemuridan misioner oleh gereja untuk menghasilkan jemaat yang mampu melakukan amanat agung Yesus Kristus.
Retrospect of Settlement Pattern in Yakutia Based on Analysis of Population Censuses
Authors: Gavrilyeva T. N. , Kolomak E. A. , Zakharov A. I. , Khorunova K. V.
Published: December 2019

The article assesses the intensity of transformation of settlement pattern in Yakutia, the largest northern region of Russia, based on an analysis of 1939-2010 censuses and contemporary statistics. Scope of the work includes the following: to assess key socio-economic results of rural and urban settlement pattern transformation in the 20th century, to determine the most persistent primary units of settlement pattern, and to identify current trends in the settlement pattern of Yakutia. The research database was built based on digitization of Federal State Statistics Service in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) population censuses archives. The period under review shows a trend toward larger size of settlements due to two parallel processes: urbanization as a result of industrial development, and compression of rural settlement system due to amalgamation of rural settlements. From 1939 to the present time, Yakutia’s settlement system has been evolving from dispersed type to large settlement type. There were two major waves in the structuring of space in Yakutia. During the first one, caused by industrialization and complete collectivization, shrinking of rural settlement system was accompanied by setup of rural and urban settlements; it started in the 1930s and lasted until late 1950s. The second wave, concurrent with controlled compression of rural settlement pattern as part of elimination of unpromising sovkhoz state farms, was associated with a full-scale development of urban settlement pattern under planned Soviet deployment. Starting from 2002, market mechanisms have changed the direction of development of settlement system and spatial structure of economic activity. Despite several constraints, which include high transportation costs, focal development, key role of mining and resource sector, distinctive features of traditional economies and agriculture, agglomeration processes have gained momentum in the region. Spatial concentration of population is taking place at relatively high rates, primarily in the core of the system - Yakutsk agglomeration. Compression capacity of settlement system in the region is far from being exhausted, as evidenced by behavior of Theil and Herfindahl-Hirschman indices, as well as by average population density of settlements.
Methodological Approach to Assessing the Investment Attractiveness of the Industry for the Banking Sector
Authors: Larionov A. V.
Published: December 2019

This paper presents selected results of the study on improving information and methodological tools to increase the effectiveness of entrepreneur’s and state investment policy. Final result of this study - is developing guidelines for calculating the coefficient of investment attractiveness of the banking industry based on the physical theory of heat transfer. Classification of industries according to the degree of investment attractiveness allows to select the industries that will receive the least amount of resources from private investors. The least attractive sectors will be able to obtain public investment resources. For sectors with high investment attractiveness, public funds will only supplement the flow of free liquidity from the banking sector. The lack of liquidity in the real sector is compensated by attracting private funds, a significant share of which is in the banking sector. The real sector could also get the state investments. In this regard, it is important for the state and the banking sector to assess the industries from the position of the possibility of returning the funds, as well as obtaining additional income. The study presents guidelines for calculating the coefficient of investment attractiveness of the industry for the banking sector. The indicator takes into account both the distribution of bank loans in the economy by industry, and the expected profitability of lending, affecting the bank’s decision to issue a loan. Based on the analysis of theoretical concepts, it was demonstrated that the liquidity of the banking sector can be redistributed ≪freely≫ (due to market mechanisms) and ≪involuntarily≫ (through the implementation of state policy related to the direction of funds in certain sectors where there is a lack of resources). The study considers a methodological approach to the assessment of factors affecting the distribution of liquidity of the banking system in the real sector of the economy. The considered approach takes into account behavioral aspects of decision-making in the banking system.
Tavuklarda Yumurta Kabuğunun Yapısı ve Kabuk Kalitesini Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ONBAŞILAR E. Ebru , TABİB İnes
Published: December 2019

Yumurta hayvansal ürünler içerisinde en kaliteli proteine sahip olup A, D, E, K ve B grubu vitaminler ile demir ve fosfor gibi mineral maddeler bakımından da zengindir. Yumurtanın besin değerini kaybetmesine sebep olan önemli faktörlerin başında kabuk kalitesinin bozulmasına bağlı olan kırık yumurta problemleri gelmektedir. Yumurtanın kabuk kalitesi, hem üretici hem de tüketici yönünden oldukça önemlidir. Kabuk kalitesinin kötüleşmesi kırık oranının artmasına bağlı olarak mikrobiyel bulaşmanın artmasına ve raf ömrünün kısalmasına neden olmaktadır. Yumurtanın kabuk kalitesini genotip, yaş, yumurtlama zamanı, rasyon, su kalitesi, yetiştirme sistemi, stres, sıcaklık, nem ve hastalıklar gibi birçok faktör etkilemektedir. Kabuğun yapısı ve bunu etkileyen faktörlerin bilinmesi hem ekonomik kaybın azaltılması hem de insanlar tarafından daha sağlıklı yumurta tüketiminin sağlanması açısından önemlidir. Bu derlemede tavuk yumurta kabuğunun yapısı ve kabuk kalitesini etkileyen faktörler özetlenmiştir.
Tasavvuf Psikolojisinin Dindarlığın Tecrübî Boyutu Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi ve Yeni Bir Tanım İhtiyacı
Authors: ACAR Muhammet Cevat
Published: December 2019

Ülkemizde köklü bir geçmişe ve geniş bir gruba hitap eden tasavvuf, din psikolojisi açısından oldukça zengin verilerin bulunduğu bir alandır. Ancak tasavvufi yaşam içerisindeki dinamiklerin din psikolojisi bağlamında hangi yöntem ve teknikler aracılığı ile incelenip araştırılacağı henüz net olarak belirgin değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, din psikolojisinde merkezi bir kavram olarak kabul edilen dindarlığın tecrübi boyutunun, tasavvuf psikolojisi çalışmaları için bir hareket noktası olarak alınıp alınamayacağını tartışmaktır. Bu amaçla öznelikle dini tecrübe, mistik tecrübe ve tasavvufi tecrübe kavramları aktarılmıştır. Ardından tasavvuf psikolojisinin dindarlığın tecrübi boyutu içerisinde çalışılmasını gerektirecek argümanlar tartışılmıştır. Son olarak ise tasavvuf psikolojisinin din psikolojisinin bir alt alanı olarak kabul edilmesinin gerekliliği vurgulanarak alanda çalışan araştırmacı ve akademisyenler için tasavvuf psikolojisi kavramının yeni bir tanımı yapılmıştır.
Resûlullah’ın Günahlardan Sakındırırken Başvurduğu Başlıca Yöntemler –Sahîh-i Müslim Özelinde-
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ahmet
Published: December 2019

Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v) tüm insanlık için beşîr ve
nezîr olarak gönderilmiştir. Birçok hadiste İslam dininin emirlerini yerine
getirenler için müjdeler bulunurken, günah işleyenler için de çeşitli uyarılar
yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Resulullah’ın günahlardan ümmetini sakındırırken
başvurduğu başlıca metotlar ele alınmaktadır. Hz. Peygamber’in söz ve fiilleri
incelendiğinde günahtan Müslümanların uzak durmasını sağlamak üzere pek çok
etkili yönteme başvurduğu görülmektedir. Konu ile ilgili hadislere ulaşmak
üzere temel hadis kaynaklarından olan Müslim b. el-Haccâc b. Müslim
el-Kuşeyrî’nin  (ö. 261/875)
el-Câmiʿu’s-sahih adlı eseri esas alınmıştır. Eserdeki tüm hadisler bu amaçla
incelenerek günahlardan sakındırmada başvurulan yöntemler tespit edilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Günah olan davranışlarla ilgili yapılan uyarılar belirlenirken
bazen hadis metni tercüme olarak tırnak içinde aynen aktarılırken bazen de
sadece hadis metnindeki manaya işaret etmekle yetinilmiştir. Hz. Peygamber’in
günah davranışlardan sakındırma metotlarını tespit edilmesi yasak olan fiilin
mekruh ya da haram olarak nitelenmesinde yardımcı olacaktır.
Katolik İbadet Hayatında İlahilerin Yeri ve Önemi
Authors: KARATOSUN Musa Osman
Published: December 2019

İlahiler; tanrı övgüsü ile dolu, bestelenmek için yazılan insan ürünü şiirlerdir. Edebiyat, müzik ve dinin kesiştiği alanda şekillenen ilahiler bu üç alandan da özellikler barındırır. Edebî bir tür olarak ilahiler bazı şiirsel özellikleri haizdir. Kafiye, hece ölçüsü gibi şekil özelliklerinin yanı sıra, mecaz, abartma ve kişiselleştirme gibi üslup özelliklerine sahip olan ilahilerin amacı ibadetleri zenginleştirmektir. Günlük ve haftalık ibadetlerin vaz geçilmez bir unsuru olan ilahiler serbestçe yazılabildikleri için litürjik mevsimler ve kutlanan bayramlar ile daha yakından ilişkili ve ahlaki erdemler ile itikadi unsurları öğretici yönüyle daha kullanışlıdır. Bu çalışmada, günlük ve haftalık ibadetlerde okunan ilahilere örnekler verilerek Batı’da ve Türkiye’deki icra edilen ilahi okuma gelenekleri mukayeseli bir biçimde incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, hem Batı’da, hem de Türkiye’de aynı şekilde günlük ve haftalık ibadetlerin icra edildiği ve ilahilerin ibadetler esnasında aynı şekilde ve aynı amaçla kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Batı’daki ilahilerin kronolojik olarak daha eski, sayısal olarak daha çok ve muhteva olarak daha derin olması ulaşılan diğer bulgulardandır.
Why Asia Needs Comparative Psychology: Applications in Canine-Human, and Equine-Human Interactions
Authors: Stauch KiriLi N. , Somers Amanda , Song Yinqing , Kieson Emily , Charles  I. Abramson
Published: December 2019

This article provides a brief history and description of comparative psychology and provides perspectives about the current state of comparative psychology and unique research opportunities in Asia. An argument is made for why comparative psychology is needed in Asia and practical, teaching, and other aspects and applications are discussed. The application of comparative psychology in equine-human and canine-human interactions and therapies are highlighted.
Bir Bisiklet Gövdesinin Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemiyle Statik Analizi
Authors: ERDEM Mehmet , GÖK Kadir , TÜMSEK Mert , GÖK Arif
Published: December 2019

Bisiklet gövdesi, tüm parçaları bir araya getiren
birleştirici güçtür. Bir bisiklet gövdesinin sahip olması gereken en önemli
özellik düşük ağırlığa ve yüksek dayanıma sahip olmasıdır. Ancak gövde
dayanımını birçok unsur belirler. Bu çalışmada bisiklet gövdesinin statik yük
analizleri yapılarak, parçaya uygulanacak kuvvetlere karşı güvenilirliği
hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmada bisiklet gövdesinin 3 boyutlu geometrik modeli,
diğer bisiklet gövdelerinden özgün olarak bilgisayar destekli tasarım programı
olan SolidWorks yardımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, bisiklet gövdesinin
uygulanan kuvvetler altındaki statik tepkilerini ölçmek için Sonlu Elemanlar
Yöntemi kullanılmıştır.  Sonuç olarak
tasarımı yapılan bisiklet gövdesinin uygulanan kuvvetler altında güvenli olduğu
ortaya çıkmış ve sonuçların doğruluğu ispatlanmıştır.
Farklı Metotlar Kullanılarak Elde Edilen Aynı Miktar Bakteriyel DNA’lar Arasındaki Konsantrasyon Farklılıklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖNALAN Şükrü , ADALI Sümeyye , TAŞ Abuzer
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada kültüre alınmış olan L. garvieae izolatları aynı besiyeri (TSA) ve miktarı (20ml) ile aynı çevresel şartlarda (7,4 pH, 21oC, 24 saat) inkübe edilmiştir.  İzolatların identifikasyonları Real-Time PCR ile 16S rRNA gen bölgesine spesifik primer assay ile teyit edilmiştir. 24 saatlik inkübasyon periyodunun ardından 10ml’lik TSB besiyerinde gelişen izolatlar 600 nm dalga boyunda 1.0 OD’ye eşitlenmiştir. Farklı gruplardan DNA izolasyonları; sıvı besiyerinde kaynatma, katı besiyerinde (Eşit OD) kaynatma, 2 farklı ticari kit kullanılarak manuel izolasyon ve otomatik izolasyon robotu olmak üzere toplam 5 farklı metotla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İzole edilen DNA’ların ve gerçekleştirilen Real-Time PCR işleminin ardından izolasyon robotu ile elde edilen sonuçlarda DNA kalitesinin en iyi olduğu, bunu takiben ticari kitler, sıvı besiyeri izolasyonu ve katı besiyeri izolasyonları olduğu görülmüştür. Real-Time PCR grafiğinde, çalışma grupları arasındaki tekerrürler içerisinde en büyük sapma sıvı besiyeri izolasyonu ve ticari kit izolasyonunda gözlenmiştir.
Karadeniz Türkiye Kıyıları Yağış Miktarlarının Uzun Dönemli Değişimi
Authors: AĞIRBAŞ Ertuğrul , ERSOY Eren
Published: December 2019

Bu
çalışmada ülkemiz Karadeniz kıyılarından seçilen ve bölgenin iklimsel
özelliklerini temsil edeceği düşünülen 7 ayrı noktadaki meteoroloji gözlem
istasyonlarından elde edilen geçmiş yıllara ait yağış verilerinin uzun dönemli (1970-2018)
meteorolojik analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada yağış miktarlarının global
iklimsel salınım indeks verileri ile ilişkileri incelenmiştir.  Analizler sonucunda istasyonlara düşen toplam yağış miktarları 333 mm
(Sinop, 1986) ile 3380 mm (Hopa, 2016) arasında değişim göstermiş istasyonlar
arasında istatistiki açıdan önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Yıllık ölçekte yağış miktarlarında 0,08-0,43
mm’lik istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir artış tespit edilmiştir. İklimsel
salınım indisleri ile yapılan regresyon analizleri neticesinde en iyi ilişki Kuzey
Atlantik Salınım İndisi (NAO Index) ve Arktik Salınım İndisi (AO Index) ile
Batı Havzasına ait yağış miktarları arasında elde edilmiştir. Güney salınım
indisi (SO Index) ile istatistiki açıdan herhangi bir ilişki tespit edilememiş
ve yağış verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde bölge için bir gösterge olamayacağı
sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The First Record of Paropta paradoxus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) in Hatay Province of Turkey and Its External and Genital Morphology
Authors: ATAY Erol , SERTKAYA Erdal , TATLI Mahmut
Published: December 2019

Abstract: This study was conducted as field and
laboratory studies. The grapevines that show sign of damage were collected from Reyhanlı
and Kırıkhan districts in Hatay then brought to the laboratory. The larvae in
the grapevine were obtained mature individuals by taking culture in the
laboratory. A total of 3 male Paropta
paradoxus (Cossidae) emerged from the pupa. Specimens were dissected
in the laboratory and prepared male genitalia and wings slides. We described
the external and male genital morphology of P.
paradoxus in detail and also diagnostical morphological features. As a
result of the study, P. paradoxus is
first record for Hatay.

Keywords: Paropta, Paropta paradoxus, Cossidae, Lepidoptera, Hatay.

 

 

 

 

Hatay’da  Paropta
paradoxus (Herrich-Schäffer,
1851) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)’un İlk
Kaydı ve Türün Dış ve Genital Morfolojisi

 

Öz:
Bu çalışma arazi
ve laboratuvar çalışmaları şeklinde yürütülmüştür. Hatay'da Reyhanlı ve
Kırıkhan ilçelerindeki üzüm (bağ) bahçelerinde zarar belirtisi gösteren asma
dalları toplanarak laboratuvara getirilmiştir. Asma dalları içerisindeki
larvalar laboratuvarda kültüre alınarak ergin bireyler elde edilmiştir. Toplam
3 adet erkek Paropta paradoxus (Cossidae)
pupadan çıkmıştır. Örneklerden erkek genital organı ve ön ve arka kanat
preparatları yapıldı. P. paradoxus’un
dış morfolojisi ve erkek genital organları ayrıntılı olarak tanımlandı. Sonuç
olarak, P. paradoxus türü Hatay için
ilk kayıttır.

Anahtar
Kelimeler: Paropta, Paropta paradoxus, Cossidae, Lepidoptera, Hatay.
Coherence of Raman light arises from disorder
Authors: Fazio Barbara , Irrera Alessia
Published: December 2019

Light propagation in random materials is a topic of great interest for the scientific community, not only for the possible relevant applications in the fields of photonics and renewable energies but even more since it allows to unveil new fascinating phenomena related to wave physics. Among these physical events, the most robust and always surviving any ensemble average is the coherent backscattering of light (CBS). It is a very subtle interference effect in disordered scattering media (such as semiconductor powders or micro-particle suspensions like milk or fog), in which wave coherence is preserved even after a very large number of random scattering events, eventually manifesting as a maximum of interference in the exact backscattering direction. CBS is related to the well-defined wave character and to the preservation of the optical information, for this reason it has been so far experimentally observed and theoretically studied only for elastic scattering, while the occurrence of inelastic scattering is known to reduce the degree of coherence in the diffusion process, affecting the visibility of the effect. Fazio et al. (2017) have demonstrated that this experimental evidence surprisingly survives also for the inelastic light scattering, such as the spontaneous Raman process, as long as the optical information of the propagating wave is retained. In this kind of inelastic scattering events, light loses a small part of its energy by slightly changing wavelength. Its phase coherence, however, is preserved for a very short time, thus making interference between Raman scattered waves still possible. The observed maximum of interference in the exact backscattering direction is therefore a signature of the coherent nature of individual Raman scattering processes. To date, indications on the coherence properties of Raman scattering have been reported only by looking at the nanoscopic scale, through complex near-field experiments making use of very sharp tips or through ultra-fast time resolved techniques. This time, however, we did not rely on complex experiments or advanced techniques. Conversely, the combination of an accurate experimental procedure and the unique structural properties of a silicon-based material were the only simple ingredients for the observation of a new unexpected physical phenomenon. In particular, a dense forest of ultrathin silicon wires arranged in a disordered fashion, where light waves bounce back and forth countless times before coming out, was the medium that allowed us to reveal this new effect, which opens the way for new and important discoveries.
TO THE QUESTION OF CONTINUITY OF THE RUSSIAN STATEHOOD
Authors: BOLTENKOVA L.F. , ALEKHNOVICH S.О.
Published: December 2019

Based on the historical experience of Russia, the article puts forward and proves the thesis that the Rurikovich period is one continuous process of building the Russian multi-ethnic state: Novgorod - Kiev, Rostov - Suzdal, Vladimir - Moscow. Russians, Belarusians and Ukrainians as branches of one tree are the heirs of Ancient Rus, which obliges them to jointly develop the Russian world.
THE RUSSIA-EU PERSPECTIVE: NATIONAL SECURITY AND COUNTERTERRORISM FROM A DIFFERENT ANGLE
Authors: MILKA M. , CHERNYAVSKIY S.I.
Published: December 2019

Statistics have proven that both the European Union (EU) and the Russian Federation (Russia) suffer from terrorism in its current form. Hence intensifying partnerships to combat terrorism would be a good idea. This essay envisages illustrating a common base for cooperation in the fight against terrorism despite of some general differences in policy and structure between the EU and Russia. According to the author there are five fundamental issues which ask for more attention in the EU-Russia dialogue on Freedom, Justice and Security. Firstly, statistics prove that Europe (EU and Russia) are impacted by modern terrorism. Secondly, Russias experience in counterterrorism is crucial. Thirdly, the scale freedom and human rights versus security has not the same ratio in the EU and in Russia.Fourthly, the concept sovereignty is differently filled in by the EU, the EU Member States and Russia. Fifthly,there is the debate between integration versus social exclusion, and solidarity versus strong governmental intervention. By highlighting these differences in attitudes, the objective becomes clear that possibly the EU could learn things from Russia, as one of the key states to have experience in counterterrorism. Although the EU and Russia experience different forms and problems of terrorism and the roots of West-European terrorism cannot be traced back to the same reasons why Russia suffered terror attacks, it does not invalidate that they could foster cooperation.
Superficial Parotidectomy by Retrograde approach through Marginal Mandibular Nerve Dissection
Authors: Altaf Hussain  , Alveena Farid  , Waqar Uddin
Published: December 2019

Background: Parotid gland is most commonly involved in tumors, comprising about 80% of the salivary gland neoplasms. Majority of parotid tumors are benign in nature, the most common being pleomorphic adenoma. Superficial Parotidectomy is the preferred treatment option, using either anterograde or retrograde approach. The objective of this study was to determine the post-operative facial nerve status and other complications following superficial Parotidectomy by retrograde dissection for benign lesions of parotid gland.Material and Methods: This prospective clinical study included a total of 22 patients who had superficial Parotidectomy by retrograde technique involving marginal mandibular nerve dissection. These patients were studied post-operatively for facial nerve status, Frey’s Syndrome, wound infection and salivary fistula.Results: Out of a total of 22 patients, 54.54% developed temporary facial palsy on ipsilateral angle of mouth and all of them recovered by the end of 3 months post-surgery. Two patients (9.09%) developed salivary gland fistula and both of them healed spontaneously within two weeks. Frey’s Syndrome and wound infection were not seen in any of the patients included in the study. Histopathology of these lesions revealed pleomorphic adenoma (n=20) and Warthin’s tumor (n=2), respectively.Conclusion: The use of marginal mandibular nerve as a landmark for retrograde dissection of facial nerve in superficial Parotidectomy is a reliable method to ensure lower percentage of facial nerve injury and associated complications.
Marsupialization Followed by Enucleation and Chemical Cauterization for Treatment of Odontogenic Keratocyst Involving Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report
Authors: Muhammad Jamal  , Muhammad Zeeshan Baig  , Laiba Saher  , Muhammad Asim
Published: December 2019

Odontogenic keratocysts are odontogenic cysts which have locally infiltrative behavior. They mostly occur in second and fourth decades but can occur at any age throughout life. In majority of cases, they are located in the posterior region of mandible, but can also be found in the maxilla especially in the canine region. In this article, we have discussed the diagnosis and management of a large odontogenic keratocyst cyst involving the maxillary sinus. A 22 years old male patient presented with pain and swelling on right side of the face since last one year. There was history of pus discharge and gradual increase in size of the swelling since last 3-4 months. Patient took antibiotics but there was no improvement. Odontogenic keratocyst is a developmental pathology which arises from additional remnants of dental lamina of oral epithelium. They present with swelling, pain and pus formation/discharge as signs of infection. Often, when the lesion is large there can be paresthesia of the lower lip. These lesions can also be clinically asymptomatic. Mostly they appear as well-demarcated unilocular radiolucency having a thin, sclerotic well-defined margin. There are many treatment options like enucleation, marsupialization, decompression, curettage, use of chemical agents like Carnoy's solution, cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen or peripheral osteotomy and surgical resection of lesion.