bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lemon Essential Oil of Variable Composition by Changing the Conditions of the Extraction from Lemon Peel via Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Fidalgo Alexandra M. , Carnaroglio Diego , Tamburino Alfredo , Cravotto Giancarlo , Ilharco Laura M. , Pagliaro Mario
Published: August 2017

Microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity extraction of waste lemon peel carried out on semi industrial scale, enabled not only to extract high quality essential oil via an entirely green process, but also to selectively adjust the oil composition by varying the hydrodiffusion time.
Molecular Weight Estimation of Molecules Incorporating Heavier Elements from van‐der‐Waals Corrected ECC‐DOSY
Authors: Kreyenschmidt Anne‐Kathrin , Bachmann Sebastian , Niklas Thomas , Stalke Dietmar
Published: August 2017

Aggregate formation of organometallic compounds can be straightforwardly observed and interpreted through DOSY molecular weight (MW) estimation. Recently, the power‐law approach and preparation of external calibration curves (ECCs) has propelled the applicability of this DOSY MW estimation. However, effective prediction of MWs of molecules containing heavier elements (e. g. halogenated compounds) has not been sufficiently accounted for. Hence, we introduce specialized ECCs for various halogenated molecules. In an innovative attempt we propose a correction factor for standard ECCs that scales with molecular features to extend considerably the range of molecules that can be investigated by ECC‐DOSY.
Synthesis, Structure and Chemistry of Mono‐ and Digallane Complexes Supported by N,O‐Ketimine Ligand
Authors: Bakthavachalam Kirubakaran , Yuvaraj Kuppusamy , Raghavendra Beesam , Dorcet Vincent , Roisnel Thierry , Rit Arnab , Ghosh Sundargopal
Published: August 2017

A series of N,O‐ketimine supported gallium and digallane complexes have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The mono(ketiminate) gallium dichloride [OCMeCHCMeN(Dipp)]GaCl2, 2 (Dipp=2,6‐iPr2C6H3) and bis(ketiminate) gallium chloride [OCMeCHCMeN(Dipp)]2GaCl, 3 were isolated from the reaction of GaCl3 with 1 and 2 equivalents of lithiated ketimine, [OCMeCHCMeN(Dipp)]Li, 1 respectively. Treatment of 1 with ‘‘GaI’’ yielded diiodobis(ketiminate) digallane complex [OCMeCHCMeN‐(Dipp)]2Ga2I2, 4. To the best of our knowledge, compound 4 is the first report on N,O‐ketiminate ligand supported stable heteroleptic digallane(II) complex. The frontier molecular orbital analysis and a high Wiberg Bond Index (WBI) values support the strong interaction between the gallium centers in 4. In an attempt to synthesize alkyl substituted Ga complexes, we carried out the reaction of ketimine ligand with GatBu2Cl (1:1 ratio) that generated the adduct [OCMeCHCMeN(H)(Dipp)]GatBu2Cl, 5. In a similar fashion, dialkyl gallium complex [OCMeCHCMeN(Dipp)]GatBu2, 6 was obtained from the reaction of 1 with GatBu2Cl. All the compounds have been charecterized by 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The molecular structures of complexes 2–5 have also been determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
Electrospun Mesoporous Composite CuO−Co3O4/N‐ TiO2 Nanofibers as Efficient Visible Light Photocatalysts
Authors: Pradhan Amaresh C. , Senthamizhan Anitha , Uyar Tamer
Published: August 2017

One‐dimensional mesoporous composite CuO−Co3O4 /N‐TiO2 nanofibers (CuCoNT NFs) have been fabricated by in situ sol−gel electrospinning technique. In our approach, both polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are used as dual polymeric carrier matrix for the fabrication of electrospun CuCoNT NFs. PVP chains assist the electrospinning of the uniform composite nanofibers whereas PEG is responsible for mesoporosity which is confirmed by N2 sorption analyses. Along with CuCoNT NFs, other nanofiber samples (TiO2 NFs, N‐TiO2 NFs, CuO/N‐TiO2 NFs, Co3O4/N‐TiO2 NFs) have also been fabricated for comparative studies. The morphology and composition of the NFs have been confirmed by the HR‐TEM and XPS analyses. The red shifting of band gap energy from anatase TiO2 NFs to composite CuCoNT NFs (1.57 eV) is suggesting formation of visible light response. Oxygen vacancies in CuCoNT NFs, leads to lowering the e− − h+ recombination. The lowering of photoluminescence spectrum and high photocurrent response in CuCoNT NFs makes CuO as low cost cocatalyst. The composite CuCoNT NFs is treated as an efficient photocatalyst for swift degradation of mixed dyes in visible light, an exemplary move. Exactly, 100% mixed dyes (30 mg/L) degradation is achieved at pH 10 in just 60 minutes.
Incorporation of whole blue maize flour increases antioxidant capacity and reduces in vitro starch digestibility of gluten‐free pasta
Authors: Camelo‐Méndez Gustavo A. , Flores‐Silva Pamela C. , Agama‐Acevedo Edith , Tovar Juscelino , Bello‐Pérez Luis A.
Published: August 2017

The development of gluten‐free pasta with functional characteristics is an important strategic area for the food industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the polyphenols present in blue maize flour (BMF) on the antioxidant properties and starch digestibility of composite gluten‐free pasta. Composite pasta was prepared with 25, 50, or 75% BMF in a laboratory‐scale process using white maize as the control. The addition of blue maize flour at 50% and 75% imparted high levels of protein, dietary fibre, and bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity, which resulted in an increase in slowly digestible and resistant starch fractions in the gluten‐free pasta. The anthocyanin content in BMF was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with a decrease in the predicted glycaemic index. BMF is a readily available ingredient for the production of gluten‐free pasta with high dietary fibre and slowly digestible starch contents that can contribute to reduce the risk for diet‐related metabolic diseases.
Concise Review: Mechanisms of Quiescent Hair Follicle Stem Cell Regulation
Authors: Yi Rui
Published: August 2017

Maintaining a pool of adult stem cells is essential for tissue homeostasis and wound repair. In mammalian tissues, notably hair follicles, blood, and muscle, stem cells acquire quiescence and infrequently divide for self-renewal. Mechanistic understanding of stem cell quiescence is critical for applying these multipotent cells in regenerative medicine and interrogating their roles in human diseases such as cancer. Quiescent and dividing epithelial stem cells located in hair follicle are conspicuously organized in a spatiotemporally specific manner, allowing them to be studied at a considerable depth. Recent advancements in mouse genetics, genomics, and imaging have revealed unprecedented insights into establishment, maintenance, and regulation of quiescent hair follicle stem cells. This concise review summarizes the progress with a focus on mechanisms mediated by signaling pathways and transcription factors and discusses their implications in the understanding of stem cell biology.
Terrestrial diatoms as tracers in catchment hydrology: a review
Authors: Pfister Laurent , Wetzel Carlos E. , Klaus Julian , Martínez‐Carreras Núria , Antonelli Marta , Teuling Adriaan J. , McDonnell Jeffrey J.
Published: August 2017

Diatoms are remarkable organisms. They are present in almost all habitats containing water (e.g., lakes, streams, soils, bark) and rank among the most common algal groups in both freshwaters and marine ecosystems. The ubiquitous character of aquatic diatoms has triggered countless applications as environmental tracers for studies in water quality, paleoclimate reconstruction and sediment tracing. However, diatoms also occur in the terrestrial environment. It is this plethora of diatom life‐forms that has recently triggered interest in their use as tracers of hydrological processes. The use of diatoms in catchment hydrology has been very limited. Part of the reason is that until recently, the taxonomy and ecology of terrestrial diatom assemblages were largely unknown. However, in the past decade, much work has been done to quantify terrestrial diatom reservoir size, dynamics, and potential depletion following precipitation events. Therefore, such terrestrial diatoms now hold promise for use in catchment hydrology—for tracing runoff flow sources and pathways across a wide range of spatial scales. Here we review the literature on terrestrial diatoms and describe the various sampling protocols that have been designed and tested for specific applications in hydrological processes research. We review and summarize the work on terrestrial diatom reservoir characterization, transport mechanisms and pathways to show how such diatom‐based tracer work might be possible at the catchment scale for rainfall‐runoff studies. Finally, we present a vision for future work that might take advantage of terrestrial diatoms in catchment hydrology and discuss the main challenges going forward. WIREs Water 2017, 4:e1241. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1241

This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes

Science of Water > Methods
Bayesian Estimation of the DINA Q matrix
Authors: Chen Yinghan , Culpepper Steven Andrew , Chen Yuguo , Douglas Jeffrey
Published: August 2017

Cognitive diagnosis models are partially ordered latent class models and are used to classify students into skill mastery profiles. The deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate model (DINA) is a popular psychometric model for cognitive diagnosis. Application of the DINA model requires content expert knowledge of a Q matrix, which maps the attributes or skills needed to master a collection of items. Misspecification of Q has been shown to yield biased diagnostic classifications. We propose a Bayesian framework for estimating the DINA Q matrix. The developed algorithm builds upon prior research (Chen, Liu, Xu, & Ying, in J Am Stat Assoc 110(510):850–866, 2015) and ensures the estimated Q matrix is identified. Monte Carlo evidence is presented to support the accuracy of parameter recovery. The developed methodology is applied to Tatsuoka’s fraction-subtraction dataset.
Fish Oil Finishing Diet Maintains Optimal n‐3 Long‐Chain Fatty Acid Content in European Whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus)
Authors: Suomela Jukka‐Pekka , Tarvainen Marko , Kallio Heikki , Airaksinen Susanna
Published: August 2017

This study examined the effect of substituting vegetable oil for fish oil in feed, with subsequent re‐introduction of fish oil‐rich feed (finishing feeding) in late stages of growth, on the fatty acids of cultivated European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). Restorative finishing feeding with fish oil‐rich feed for 15 and 25 weeks was sufficient to change the total content of nutritionally valuable long‐chain n‐3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3), to correspond to that of fish fed the fish oil‐rich feed throughout their lifespan. Under natural conditions, 15 and 25 weeks correspond to weight gains of 75% and 100% (i.e. doubling), respectively. Also, the fatty acid profile of the fish was restored after finishing periods of 15 and 25 weeks. Limiting the use of fish oil by lowering the overall fat content of the feed (no vegetable oil added) resulted in a decrease in the long‐chain n‐3 fatty acids. Based on the results, after receiving a vegetable oil‐rich diet, restorative fish oil‐rich feeding in the last stages of growth in European whitefish is nutritionally justified in order to balance nutritional gain for consumers with sustainable use of finite marine oils. The results encourage commercial efforts to further utilize and optimize finishing feeding practices.
From potential to practice: Compelling questions as an impetus for curricular and instructional change
Authors: Mueller Rebecca G.W.
Published: August 2017

Despite arguments that successful inquiry hinges on an engaging question, relatively little attention has been paid to how teachers craft such questions. This study examined how six high school civics teachers defined and developed compelling questions and evaluated the potential of compelling questions to influence curriculum and instruction. This study used qualitative research methods and generated data through interviews, verbal reports, and content analysis of teacher-completed materials. Findings suggest that teachers are hopeful that compelling questions will prompt challenging instruction that is more relevant to students, but they also acknowledge the various barriers that may temper the impact. Situated within the context of Kentucky's revised social studies standards document, this study provides valuable insight into the potential of a standards document to influence teachers’ understanding and use of inquiry and inquiry questions.
Do citizens of the former Soviet Union trust state institutions and why: The case of Azerbaijan
Authors: Valiyev Anar , Babayev Azer , Huseynova Hajar , Jafarova Khalida
Published: August 2017

This study examines the trust in political institutions in Azerbaijan using the data from the survey Caucasus Barometer (CB) conducted by the Caucasus Research Resource Center (CRRC) in 2012–2013. Two hypotheses – cultural and institutional – were tested. The study partially confirms the previous findings that national culture, as well as individual socialization (macro and micro-cultural theories) are the main determinants of trust in Azerbaijan. Meanwhile, government performance and individual evaluation (macro-and micro institutional theories) did not affect much on the trust level in the country.
Urban Climates
Authors: Oke T. R. , Mills G. , Christen A. , Voogt J. A.
Published: August 2017

Urban Climates is the first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates. The book begins with an outline of what constitutes an urban ecosystem. It develops a comprehensive terminology for the subject using scale and surface classification as key constructs. It explains the physical principles governing the creation of distinct urban climates, such as airflow around buildings, the heat island, precipitation modification and air pollution, and it then illustrates how this knowledge can be applied to moderate the undesirable consequences of urban development and help create more sustainable and resilient cities. With urban climate science now a fully-fledged field, this timely book fulfills the need to bring together the disparate parts of climate research on cities into a coherent framework. It is an ideal resource for students and researchers in fields such as climatology, urban hydrology, air quality, environmental engineering and urban design.
Developing sustainable research careers for KL2 scholars: The importance of an inclusive environment and mentorship
Authors: Byington Carrie L. , Rothwell Erin , Matheson Trent , Childs Rebecca , Wachs Erin , Rocha Ruben , Murtaugh Maureen , Turok David , Letsou Anthea , Shakib Julie , Hess Rachel , Dere Willard
Published: August 2017

Introduction

The National Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Consortium 2.0 has developed common metrics as a collaborative project for all participating sites. Metrics address several important aspects and functions of the consortium, including workforce development. The first workforce development metrics to be proposed for all CTSA hubs include the proportion of CTSA-supported trainees and scholars with sustainable careers in translational research and the diversity and inclusiveness of programs.

Methods and results

The University of Utah Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS), a CTSA hub, has been actively engaged in mentoring translational scientists for the last decade. We have developed programs, processes, and institutional policies that support translational scientists, which have resulted in 100% of our KL2 scholars remaining engaged in translational science and in increasing the inclusion of individuals under-represented in medicine in our research enterprise. In this paper, we share details of our program and what we believe are evidence-based best practices for developing sustainable translational research careers for all aspiring junior faculty members.

Conclusions

The University of Utah Center for Clinical and Translational Science has been integral in catalyzing interactions across the campus to reverse the negative trends seen nationally in sustaining clinician scientists. Our programs and processes can serve as a model for other institutions seeking to develop translational scientists.
Turbulence characteristics of a thermally stratified wind turbine array boundary layer via proper orthogonal decomposition
Authors: Ali N. , Cortina G. , Hamilton N. , Calaf M. , Cal R. B.
Published: August 2017

A large eddy simulation framework is used to explore the structure of the turbulent flow in a thermally stratified wind turbine array boundary layer. The flow field is driven by a constant geostrophic wind with time-varying surface boundary conditions obtained from a selected period of the CASES-99 field experiment. Proper orthogonal decomposition is used to extract coherent structures of the turbulent flow under the considered thermal stratification regimes. The flow structure is discussed in the context of three-dimensional representations of key modes, which demonstrate features ranging in size from the wind turbine wakes to the atmospheric boundary layer. Results demonstrate that structures related to the atmospheric boundary layer flow dominate over those introduced by the wind farm for the unstable and neutrally stratified regimes; large structures in atmospheric turbulence are beneficial for the wake recovery, and consequently the presence of the turbulent wind turbine wakes is diminished. Contrarily, the flow in the stably stratified case is fully dominated by the presence of the turbines and highly influenced by the Coriolis force. A comparative analysis of the test cases indicates that during the stable regime, higher-order modes contribute less to the overall character of the flow. Under neutral and unstable stratification, important turbulence dynamics are distributed over a larger range of basis functions. The influence of the wind turbines on the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer is mainly quantified via the turbulence kinetic energy of the first ten modes. Linking the new insights into structure of the wind turbine/atmospheric boundary layer and their interaction addressed here will benefit the formulation of new simplified models for commercial application.
Acoustics of permeo-elastic materials
Authors: Venegas Rodolfo , Boutin Claude
Published: August 2017

In the dynamics of Biot poroelastic materials, the fluid flow is not affected by the deformation of the solid elastic frame. In contrast, in permeable materials whose solid stiff frames have flexible thin flat films attached, i.e. permeo-elastic materials, the fluid flow can be significantly modified by the presence of the films. As a consequence of the local fluid–film interaction, and in particular of the local resonances, the classical local physics is changed and departs from that leading to the Biot description. In this paper, the two-scale asymptotic homogenisation method is used to derive the macroscopic description of sound propagation in air-saturated permeo-elastic materials. This description is asymptotically analysed to determine the conditions for which the geometrical and mechanical properties of the films strongly affect the effective properties of the material. The developed theory is illustrated numerically and validated experimentally for a prototype material, evidencing the atypical acoustic behaviour.
Paleodietary Analysis of Humans in Guanzhong Basin, Shaanxi Province Since 8000 BP
Authors: Cheng Peng , Zhou Weijian , Gong Wei , Zhu YiZhi , Yang Yachang , Burr G S , Du Hua
Published: August 2017

We identified human paleodietary changes from inhabitants of the Guanzhong basin since 8000 BP, based on published carbon and nitrogen isotopic measurements on bones, fauna and plant remains. We also directly measured 14C ages, δ13C and δ15N values from bones unearthed at the Zhouyuan site, west of Guanzhong, in order to reconstruct paleodietary changes of the ancient inhabitants. We found that during the Laoguantai period, animal foods were the main source of nourishment with supplementary plant-derived foods. After this period, plant-derived foods became the main food source, with supplementary animal sources. The development of dry farming led to increased consumption of foxtail millet and broomcorn millet. This trend persisted and marked a fundamental shift from hunting, gathering, and fishing to farming and animal domestication. The dietary trends of the ancient inhabitants also show pronounced regional differences through time. The use of domestic animals was proportionally higher in the eastern part of the Guanzhong region, while wild animals were more common in the west.
Is the Personal Always Political?
Authors: Osborne Danny , Dufresne Yannick , Eady Gregory , Lees-Marshment Jennifer , van der Linden Cliff
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Research demonstrates that the negative relationship between Openness to Experience and conservatism is heightened among the informed. We extend this literature using national survey data (Study 1; N = 13,203) and data from students (Study 2; N = 311). As predicted, education – a correlate of political sophistication – strengthened the negative relationship between Openness and conservatism (Study 1). Study 2 employed a knowledge-based measure of political sophistication to show that the Openness × Political Sophistication interaction was restricted to the Openness aspect of Openness. These studies demonstrate that knowledge helps people align their ideology with their personality, but that the Openness × Political Sophistication interaction is specific to one aspect of Openness – nuances that are overlooked in the literature.
ABCA1 Polymorphism, a Genetic Risk Factor of Harm	Avoidance
Authors: Kotyuk Eszter , Biro Viktor , Bircher Julianna , Elek Zsuzsanna , Sasvari Maria , Szekely Anna
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Even though cholesterol homeostasis and self-harm behaviors have shown to be associated, gene polymorphisms of the cholesterol system have not been studied yet in the context of self-harm related personality traits. Here we present an association study between six ABCA1 polymorphisms and temperament scales measured by Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory on 253 young adults. An association between ABCA1 rs4149264 and harm avoidance has been observed. This association remained significant after Bonferroni correction. Haplotype analysis confirmed an independent association between rs4149264 and harm avoidance. ABCA1, a cholesterol homeostasis gene, is a candidate gene for harm related personality traits.
TMEM74 promotes tumor cell survival by inducing autophagy via interactions with ATG16L1 and ATG9A
Authors: Sun Yizhe , Chen Yingyu , Zhang Jingyu , Cao Lulu , He Minwei , Liu Xi , Zhao Ning , Yin Ang , Huang He , Wang Lu
Published: August 2017

Autophagy is a highly inducible system of intracellular degradation that occurs in lysosomes or vacuoles. Transmembrane 74 (TMEM74) has been shown to induce autophagy. However, the mechanism by which TMEM74 stimulates autophagy and the impacts of TMEM74-induced autophagy on tumor cell survival remain unclear. In this study, TMEM74 was shown to increase the autophagic flux process in different tumor cell lines. Further investigations revealed that TMEM74 interacts with ATG16L1 and ATG9A. Moreover, distinctive from the common autophagy models, it is found that TMEM74-related autophagy is independent of BECN1/PI3KC3 complex and ULK1, and TMEM74 may initiate and promote autophagy directly via interactions with ATG16L1 and ATG9A responsible for the nucleation and elongation respectively. Considering the ultimate outcome of TMEM74-induced autophagy in tumor cells, TMEM74-triggered autophagy induces a pro-survival effect on tumor cells, particularly cells under metabolic stress, consistent with alteration of a series of signal pathways. Intriguingly, TMEM74 itself can be downregulated through the autophagic process, which indicates that a potential self-regulatory loop exists so as to maintain an appropriate level of autophagy, avoiding excessive autophagy to commit tumor cells to death. According to the clinical database analysis, the high expression of TMEM74 significantly shortens the surviving periods of patients in several specific cancers indicating that TMEM74 itself can be treated as an effective potential target with clinical values to prolong surviving periods of cancer patients in the future. In conclusion, our study reveals a new mechanism by which autophagy is stimulated by a novel positive modulator through a unique pathway and demonstrates a novel connection between autophagy and cell survival, which undoubtedly serves to broaden our understanding of autophagy.
Amlexanox, a selective inhibitor of IKBKE, generates anti-tumoral effects by disrupting the Hippo pathway in human glioblastoma cell lines
Authors: Liu Yang , Lu Jie , Zhang Zhimeng , Zhu Lin , Dong Shicai , Guo Gaochao , Li Ruohong , Nan Yang , Yu Kai , Zhong Yue , Huang Qiang
Published: August 2017

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent form of malignant brain tumor. Amlexanox, a novel compound, has been shown to have anti-cancer potential. In this study, the anti-tumoral effects and the underlying mechanisms of amlexanox were investigated. Amlexanox significantly suppressed proliferation and invasion and induced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Furthermore, we found that amlexanox altered the protein expression of the Hippo pathway by downregulating IKBKE. Our data indicates that IKBKE directly targets LATS1/2 and induces degradation of LATS1/2, thereby inhibiting the activity of the Hippo pathway. In vivo results further confirmed the tumor inhibitory effect of amlexanox via the downregulation of IKBKE, and amlexanox induced no apparent toxicity. Collectively, our studies suggest that amlexanox is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of GBM.
HDAC6 inhibition by tubastatin A is protective against oxidative stress in a photoreceptor cell line and restores visual function in a zebrafish model of inherited blindness
Authors: Leyk Janina , Daly Conor , Janssen-Bienhold Ulrike , Kennedy Breandán N , Richter-Landsberg Christiane
Published: August 2017

Retinal diseases, such as hereditary retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration, are characterized by the progressive loss of photoreceptors. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is considered as a stress surveillance factor and a potential target for neuroprotection and regeneration. Overexpression of HDAC6 has been connected to neurodegenerative disorders, and its suppression may provide protection. Here we show that HDAC6 is constitutively present in the mouse retina, and in the cone-like mouse cell line 661W. In 661W cells HDAC6 inhibition by the specific inhibitor tubastatin A (TST) led to the acetylation ofα-tubulin, which is a major substrate for HDAC6. After oxidative stress, exerted by hydrogen peroxide, TST promoted cell survival and the upregulation of heat-shock proteins HSP70 and HSP25 by activation of heat-shock transcription factor 1. Furthermore, in response to oxidative stress the redox regulatory protein peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) was modulated in 661W cells by HDAC6 inhibition. The peroxide reducing activity of Prx1 is dependent on its acetylation, which is mediated by HDAC6. Pre-incubation with TST prevented the inactivation of Prx1 and its preserved activity may exert protective effects in photoreceptor cells. To determine whether TST treatment has a therapeutic effect on visual function, thedyeucd6zebrafish model of inherited sight loss was utilized. Zebrafish have developed as a suitable model system for pharmacological testing.In vivoapplication of TST caused the hyperacetylation ofα-tubulin, indicating that HDAC6 is active in this model. Furthermore, TST was sufficient to rescue visual function and retinal morphology. Hence, HDAC6 inhibition and the regulation of peroxiredoxin activity may play a significant role in protecting retinal cells and in particular photoreceptors, which are exposed to high levels of reactive oxygen species derived from oxidative stress-induced injuries.
Erratum: Arterial waveform parameters in a large, population-based sample of adults: relationships with ethnicity and lifestyle factors
Authors: Sluyter J D , Hughes A D , Thom SAMcG , Lowe A , Camargo C A , Hametner B , Wassertheurer S , Parker K H , Scragg R K R
Published: August 2017

Correction to: Journal of Human Hypertension (2017) 31, 305–312; doi:10.1038/jhh.2016.78; published online 22 December 2016 The text of the licence type for this paper was incorrect on the full text version. The following is the correct text: The publishers wish to apologise for their error.
Above-threshold scattering about a Feshbach resonance for ultracold atoms in an optical collider
Authors: Horvath Milena S. J. , Thomas Ryan , Tiesinga Eite , Deb Amita B. , Kjærgaard Niels
Published: August 2017

Ultracold atomic gases have realized numerous paradigms of condensed matter physics, where control over interactions has crucially been afforded by tunable Feshbach resonances. So far, the characterization of these Feshbach resonances has almost exclusively relied on experiments in the threshold regime near zero energy. Here, we use a laser-based collider to probe a narrow magnetic Feshbach resonance of rubidium above threshold. By measuring the overall atomic loss from colliding clouds as a function of magnetic field, we track the energy-dependent resonance position. At higher energy, our collider scheme broadens the loss feature, making the identification of the narrow resonance challenging. However, we observe that the collisions give rise to shifts in the center-of-mass positions of outgoing clouds. The shifts cross zero at the resonance and this allows us to accurately determine its location well above threshold. Our inferred resonance positions are in excellent agreement with theory.
Hydrogen bond based smart polymer for highly selective and tunable capture of multiply phosphorylated peptides
Authors: Qing Guangyan , Lu Qi , Li Xiuling , Liu Jing , Ye Mingliang , Liang Xinmiao , Sun Taolei
Published: August 2017

Multisite phosphorylation is an important and common mechanism for finely regulating protein functions and subsequent cellular responses. However, this study is largely restricted by the difficulty to capture low-abundance multiply phosphorylated peptides (MPPs) from complex biosamples owing to the limitation of enrichment materials and their interactions with phosphates. Here we show that smart polymer can serve as an ideal platform to resolve this challenge. Driven by specific but tunable hydrogen bonding interactions, the smart polymer displays differential complexation with MPPs, singly phosphorylated and non-modified peptides. Importantly, MPP binding can be modulated conveniently and precisely by solution conditions, resulting in highly controllable MPP adsorption on material surface. This facilitates excellent performance in MPP enrichment and separation from model proteins and real biosamples. High enrichment selectivity and coverage, extraordinary adsorption capacities and recovery towards MPPs, as well as high discovery rates of unique phosphorylation sites, suggest its great potential in phosphoproteomics studies.
Non-parametric genetic prediction of complex traits with latent Dirichlet process regression models
Authors: Zeng Ping , Zhou Xiang
Published: August 2017

Using genotype data to perform accurate genetic prediction of complex traits can facilitate genomic selection in animal and plant breeding programs, and can aid in the development of personalized medicine in humans. Because most complex traits have a polygenic architecture, accurate genetic prediction often requires modeling all genetic variants together via polygenic methods. Here, we develop such a polygenic method, which we refer to as the latent Dirichlet process regression model. Dirichlet process regression is non-parametric in nature, relies on the Dirichlet process to flexibly and adaptively model the effect size distribution, and thus enjoys robust prediction performance across a broad spectrum of genetic architectures. We compare Dirichlet process regression with several commonly used prediction methods with simulations. We further apply Dirichlet process regression to predict gene expressions, to conduct PrediXcan based gene set test, to perform genomic selection of four traits in two species, and to predict eight complex traits in a human cohort.
Large order fluctuations, switching, and control in complex networks
Authors: Hindes Jason , Schwartz Ira B.
Published: August 2017

We propose an analytical technique to study large fluctuations and switching from internal noise in complex networks. Using order-disorder kinetics as a generic example, we construct and analyze the most probable, or optimal path of fluctuations from one ordered state to another in real and synthetic networks. The method allows us to compute the distribution of large fluctuations and the time scale associated with switching between ordered states for networks consistent with mean-field assumptions. In general, we quantify how network heterogeneity influences the scaling patterns and probabilities of fluctuations. For instance, we find that the probability of a large fluctuation near an order-disorder transition decreases exponentially with the participation ratio of a network’s principle eigenvector – measuring how many nodes effectively contribute to an ordered state. Finally, the proposed theory is used to answer how and where a network should be targeted in order to optimize the time needed to observe a switch.
A Botrytis cinerea KLP-7 Kinesin acts as a Virulence Determinant during Plant Infection
Authors: Tayal Pamil , Raj Sumit , Sharma Esha , Kumar Manoj , Dayaman Vikram , Verma Nidhi , Jogawat Abhimanyu , Dua Meenakshi , Kapoor Rupam , Johri Atul Kumar
Published: August 2017

Botrytis cinereais a necrotrophic pathogen that infects many important crops. In an attempt to unravel some novel factors that govern pathogenicity inB. cinerea,Agrobacterium tumefaciensmediated transformation (ATMT) was deployed, and a number of tagged transformants were generated. Among these, a mutant, BCM-29 exhibited slower growth rate, reduced conidia size, conidiation and penetration. The mutant was also defective in secretion of oxalic acid (OA) and exhibited reduced activities of polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methyl esterases (PME). TAIL-PCR followed by BLAST search identified the tagged gene asKLP-7that encodes for kinesin. Targeted deletion ofKLP-7resulted in several folds decrease in virulence of mutants as compared to WT, while complementation of the gene helped in rescue of virulence traits. This is the first time when a unique kinesinKLP-7that is mainly found in the phylum Pezizomycotina has been linked to virulence inB. cinerea.
Erratum: ETS Related Gene mediated Androgen Receptor Aggregation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Prostate Cancer Development
Authors: Sreenath Taduru L. , Macalindong Shiela S. , Mikhalkevich Natallia , Sharad Shashwat , Mohamed Ahmed , Young Denise , Borbiev Talaibek , Xavier Charles , Gupta Rishita , Jamal Muhammad , Babcock Kevin , Tan Shyh-Han , Nevalainen Marja T. , Dobi Albert , Petrovics Gyorgy , Sesterhenn Isabell A. , Rosner Inger L. , Bieberich Charles J. , Nelson Peter , Vasioukhin Valeri , Srivastava Shiv
Published: August 2017

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Effects of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. on cognitive function and mood related outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Puttarak Panupong , Dilokthornsakul Piyameth , Saokaew Surasak , Dhippayom Teerapon , Kongkaew Chuenjid , Sruamsiri Rosarin , Chuthaputti Anchalee , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn
Published: August 2017

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. has been used as an herbal brain tonic for mental disorders and enhancing memory, but no review of the overall evidence of C. asiatica and cognitive function has been conducted. This study aims to determine the effects of C. asiatica on cognitive function and its related properties. The current systematic review includes five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted to determine the effect of C. asiatica alone and six RCTs conducted to determine the effect of C. asiatica-containing products. Meta-analysis indicated that there are no significant differences in all cognitive function domains of C. asiatica when compared to placebo. However, it could improve mood by increasing alert scores [SMD: 0.71 (95% CI; 0.01 to 1.41); I2 = 30.5%] and decreasing anger scores at 1 hour after treatment [SMD: −0.81 (95%CI; −1.51 to −0.09); I2 = 36.6%]. None of the studies reported adverse effects of C. asiatica. In conclusion, there is not strong evidence to support the use of C. asiatica for cognitive function improvement in each cognitive domain. C. asiatica could improve alertness and relieve anger. However, some limitations should be aware including dose regimen, plant preparation, standardization, and product variation. Future well-designed clinical trials using suitable doses of standardized C. asiatica are still needed.
Fasting glucose and body mass index as predictors of activity in breast cancer patients treated with everolimus-exemestane: The EverExt study
Authors: Pizzuti Laura , Marchetti Paolo , Natoli Clara , Gamucci Teresa , Santini Daniele , Scinto Angelo Fedele , Iezzi Laura , Mentuccia Lucia , D’Onofrio Loretta , Botticelli Andrea , Moscetti Luca , Sperati Francesca , Botti Claudio , Ferranti Francesca , Buglioni Simonetta , Sanguineti Giuseppe , Di Filippo Simona , di Lauro Luigi , Sergi Domenico , Catenaro Teresa , Tomao Silverio , Giordano Antonio , Maugeri-Saccà Marcello , Barba Maddalena , Vici Patrizia
Published: August 2017

Evidence on everolimus in breast cancer has placed hyperglycemia among the most common high grade adverse events. Anthropometrics and biomarkers of glucose metabolism were investigated in a observational study of 102 postmenopausal, HR + HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients treated with everolimus-exemestane in first and subsequent lines. Best overall response (BR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) were assessed across subgroups defined upon fasting glucose (FG) and body mass index (BMI). Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Survival predictors were tested in Cox models. Median follow up was 12.4 months (1.0–41.0). The overall cohort showed increasing levels of FG and decreasing BMI (p < 0.001). Lower FG fasting glucose at BR was more commonly associated with C/PR or SD compared with PD (p < 0.001). We also observed a somewhat higher BMI associated with better response (p = 0.052). More patients in the lowest FG category achieved clinical benefit compared to the highest (p < 0.001), while no relevant differences emerged for BMI. Fasting glucose at re-assessment was also predictive of PFS (p = 0.037), as confirmed in models including BMI and line of therapy (p = 0.049). Treatment discontinuation was significantly associated with changes in FG (p = 0.014). Further research is warranted to corroborate these findings and clarify the underlying mechanisms.
Germline Mutations in Cancer Predisposition Genes are Frequent in Sporadic Sarcomas
Authors: Chan Sock Hoai , Lim Weng Khong , Ishak Nur Diana Binte , Li Shao-Tzu , Goh Wei Lin , Tan Gek San , Lim Kiat Hon , Teo Melissa , Young Cedric Ng Chuan , Malik Simeen , Tan Mann Hong , Teh Jonathan Yi Hui , Chin Francis Kuok Choon , Kesavan Sittampalam , Selvarajan Sathiyamoorthy , Tan Patrick , Teh Bin Tean , Soo Khee Chee , Farid Mohamad , Quek Richard , Ngeow Joanne
Published: August 2017

Associations of sarcoma with inherited cancer syndromes implicate genetic predisposition in sarcoma development. However, due to the apparently sporadic nature of sarcomas, little attention has been paid to the role genetic susceptibility in sporadic sarcoma. To address this, we performed targeted-genomic sequencing to investigate the prevalence of germline mutations in known cancer-associated genes within an Asian cohort of sporadic sarcoma patients younger than 50 years old. We observed 13.6% (n = 9) amongst 66 patients harbour at least one predicted pathogenic germline mutation in 10 cancer-associated genes including ATM, BRCA2, ERCC4, FANCC, FANCE, FANCI, MSH6, POLE, SDHA and TP53. The most frequently affected genes are involved in the DNA damage repair pathway, with a germline mutation prevalence of 10.6%. Our findings suggests that genetic predisposition plays a larger role than expected in our Asian cohort of sporadic sarcoma, therefore clinicians should be aware of the possibility that young sarcoma patients may be carriers of inherited mutations in cancer genes and should be considered for genetic testing, regardless of family history. The prevalence of germline mutations in DNA damage repair genes imply that therapeutic strategies exploiting the vulnerabilities resulting from impaired DNA repair may be promising areas for translational research.
Proteomic analysis on roots of Oenothera glazioviana under copper-stress conditions
Authors: Wang Chong , Wang Jie , Wang Xiao , Xia Yan , Chen Chen , Shen Zhenguo , Chen Yahua
Published: August 2017

Proteomic studies were performed to identify proteins involved in the response of Oenothera glazioviana seedlings under Cu stress. Exposure of 28-d-old seedlings to 50 μM CuSO4 for 3 d led to inhibition of shoot and root growth as well as a considerable increase in the level of lipid peroxidation in the roots. Cu absorbed by O. glazioviana accumulated more easily in the root than in the shoot. Label-free proteomic analysis indicated 58 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) of the total 3,149 proteins in the roots of O. glazioviana seedlings, of which 36 were upregulated and 22 were downregulated under Cu stress conditions. Gene Ontology analysis showed that most of the identified proteins could be annotated to signal transduction, detoxification, stress defence, carbohydrate, energy, and protein metabolism, development, and oxidoreduction. We also retrieved 13 proteins from the enriched Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes and the protein-protein interaction databases related to various pathways, including the citric acid (CA) cycle. Application of exogenous CA to O. glazioviana seedlings exposed to Cu alleviated the stress symptoms. Overall, this study provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms of plant response to Cu at the protein level in relation to soil properties.
MicroRNA-449a deficiency promotes colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Niki Masanori , Nakajima Kohei , Ishikawa Daichi , Nishida Jun , Ishifune Chieko , Tsukumo Shin-ichi , Shimada Mitsuo , Nagahiro Shinji , Mitamura Yoshinori , Yasutomo Koji
Published: August 2017

MicroRNAs have broad roles in tumorigenesis and cell differentiation through regulation of target genes. Notch signaling also controls cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms through which Notch mediates microRNA expression are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify microRNAs regulated by Notch signaling. Our analysis found that microRNA-449a (miR-449a) was indirectly regulated by Notch signaling. Although miR-449a-deficient mice did not show any Notch-dependent defects in immune cell development, treatment of miR-449a-deficient mice with azoxymethane (AOM) or dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) increased the numbers and sizes of colon tumors. These effects were associated with an increase in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation following AOM/DSS treatment. In patients with colon cancer, miR-449a expression was inversely correlated with disease-free survival and histological scores and was positively correlated with the expression of MLH1 for which loss-of function mutations have been shown to be involved in colon cancer. Colon tissues of miR-449a-deficient mice showed reduced Mlh1 expression compared with those of wild-type mice. Thus, these data suggested that miR-449a acted as a key regulator of colon tumorigenesis by controlling the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, activation of miR-449a may represent an effective therapeutic strategy and prognostic marker in colon cancer.
An efficient algorithm for finding all possible input nodes for controlling complex networks
Authors: Zhang Xizhe , Han Jianfei , Zhang Weixiong
Published: August 2017

Understanding structural controllability of a complex network requires to identify a Minimum Input nodes Set (MIS) of the network. Finding an MIS is known to be equivalent to computing a maximum matching of the network, where the unmatched nodes constitute an MIS. However, maximum matching is often not unique for a network, and finding all possible input nodes, the union of all MISs, may provide deep insights to the controllability of the network. Here we present an efficient enumerative algorithm for the problem. The main idea is to modify a maximum matching algorithm to make it efficient for finding all possible input nodes by computing only one MIS. The algorithm can also output a set of substituting nodes for each input node in the MIS, so that any node in the set can replace the latter. We rigorously proved the correctness of the new algorithm and evaluated its performance on synthetic and large real networks. The experimental results showed that the new algorithm ran several orders of magnitude faster than an existing method on large real networks.
Genetic variants in ERCC1 and XPC predict survival outcome of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum-based therapy
Authors: Zhang Ruoxin , Jia Ming , Xue Huijing , Xu Yuan , Wang Mengyun , Zhu Meiling , Sun Menghong , Chang Jianhua , Wei Qingyi
Published: August 2017

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) plays a vital role in platinum-induced DNA damage during chemotherapy. We hypothesize that regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (rSNPs) of the core NER genes modulate clinical outcome of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBS). We investigated associations of 25 rSNPs in eight NER genes with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 710 NSCLC patients. We found that ERCC1 rs3212924 AG/GG and XPC rs2229090 GC/CC genotypes were associated with patients’ PFS (HRadj = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03–1.43, Padj = 0.021 for ERCC1 and HRadj = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.68–0.94, Padj = 0.007 for XPC), compared with the AA and GG genotypes, respectively. The association of XPC rs2229090 was more apparent in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma patients. Additionally, ERCC4 rs1799798 GA/AA genotypes were associated with poorer OS (HRadj = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.04–1.69, Padj = 0.026), compared with the GG genotype. The expression quantitative trait loci analysis revealed that ERCC1 rs3212924 and XPC rs2229090 might regulate transcription of their genes, which is consistent with their associations with survival. Larger studies are needed to validate our findings with further functional studies to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these observed associations.