bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indian Perspectives on Social Sector Issues and Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Poornima M.
Published: June 2017

A vast range of issues has been debated and discussed in India in the context of the social sector during the last decade, including the right to education, land rights, food security, health for all, gender equality, women’s empowerment, livelihood and employment guarantee. Successive governments have also tried to promote the idea of sustainable and equitable economic growth and development but the reality is that high levels of both economic and social disparities continue to exist. Contemporary political discourse contains recurring references to increasing inequality in society in both developed and developing nations. Against this background the international community, in line with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), developed a new template of sustainable development goals (SDGs)—17 goals and 169 strategies for the implementation of a global development agenda. However, in a country as diverse as India, equitable development can be brought about only through the implementation of broad-based inclusive social policies backed by an adequate reservoir of financial resources. It was felt that the character and contour of such an approach for development thus needed debate and discussion and it was in this context that a two-day national seminar, Indian Perspectives on Social Sector Issues and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Policies, Prospects and Future Directions, was organised by the Council for Social Development to arrive at a consensus on social development.
Body, Habit, Custom and Labour
Authors: Shah Shriddha
Published: June 2017

Theories in the modern age in philosophy, as well as in the discourse of the social sciences, are pervaded with the presuppositions of the dualisms of mind and world, theory and practice, private and public. These theoretical dualisms make it impossible to have an account of the interconnected nature of the experience of individuals and societies. The philosophical theoretical vocabulary to take account of the relations between these dualisms has been effaced with the legacy of Cartesian dualism. I argue that through a conceptual analysis of the body, as has been posited by Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and the related concepts of habit, custom and labour, we can reclaim some concepts that allow a mediation of these dualisms. In this article, I make a conceptual analysis of the epistemic, metaphysical and social–political interrelations between these concepts and argue for the relational role they play in our philosophical theoretical discourse.
Sino-Soviet City: Dalian between Socialist Worlds, 1945-1955
Authors: Hess Christian
Published: June 2017

This article explores the building of urban socialism in the port city of Dalian from 1945 through the mid-1950s. Hailed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1949 as “New China’s model metropolis,” this former Japanese colonial city was occupied by the Soviet military until 1950. Postwar geopolitics situated Dalian and its residents at the forefront of implementing Soviet-inspired reforms that led to an image of Dalian not only as a vanguard city of the People’s Republic, but one intimately connected with the larger socialist world. The article argues that Dalian’s postwar geopolitical position as a Sino-Soviet space led to a cross-pollination of attitudes, actions, and policies that differed from much of the urban scene throughout the People’s Republic of China. It sheds new light on how the complex decolonization process of the early Cold War brought a Chinese city more closely into the Second World.
Resilience-based Diabetes Self-management Education: Perspectives From African American Participants, Community Leaders, and Healthcare Providers
Authors: Lehrer H. Matthew , Dubois Susan K. , Brown Sharon A. , Steinhardt Mary A.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this qualitative, focus group study was to further refine the Resilience-based Diabetes Self-management Education (RB-DSME) recruitment process and intervention, build greater trust in the community, and identify strategies to enhance its sustainability as a community-based intervention in African American church settings.

Methods

Six 2-hour focus groups (N = 55; 10 men and 45 women) were led by a trained moderator with a written guide to facilitate discussion. Two sessions were conducted with individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who participated in previous RB-DSME pilot interventions and their family members, two sessions with local church leaders, and two sessions with community healthcare providers who care for patients with T2DM. Two independent reviewers performed content analysis to identify major themes using a grounded theory approach. The validity of core themes was enhanced by external review and subsequent discussions with two qualitative methods consultants.

Results

There was expressed interest and acceptability of the RB-DSME program. Church connection and pastor support were noted as key factors in building trust and enhancing recruitment, retention, and sustainability of the program. Core themes across all groups included the value of incentives, the need for foundational knowledge shared with genuine concern, teaching with visuals, dealing with denial, balancing the reality of adverse consequences with hope, the importance of social support, and addressing healthcare delivery barriers.

Conclusion

Focus groups documented the feasibility and potential effectiveness of RB-DSME interventions to enhance diabetes care in the African American community. In clinical practice, inclusion of these core themes may enhance T2DM self-care and treatment outcomes.
Exaggerating Accessible Differences: When Gender Stereotypes Overestimate Actual Group Differences
Authors: Eyal Tal , Epley Nicholas
Published: June 2017

Stereotypes are often presumed to exaggerate group differences, but empirical evidence is mixed. We suggest exaggeration is moderated by the accessibility of specific stereotype content. In particular, because the most accessible stereotype contents are attributes perceived to differ between groups, those attributes are most likely to exaggerate actual group differences due to regression to the mean. We tested this hypothesis using a highly accessible gender stereotype: that women are more socially sensitive than men. We confirmed that the most accessible stereotype content involves attributes perceived to differ between groups (pretest), and that these stereotypes contain some accuracy but significantly exaggerate actual gender differences (Experiment 1). We observe less exaggeration when judging less accessible stereotype content (Experiment 2), or when judging individual men and women (Experiment 3). Considering the accessibility of specific stereotype content may explain when stereotypes exaggerate actual group differences and when they do not.
Engaging Values Despite Neutrality
Authors: Shilton Katie
Published: June 2017

Internet protocol development is a social process, and resulting protocols are shaped by their developers’ politics and values. This article argues that the work of protocol development (and more broadly, infrastructure design) poses barriers to developers’ reflection upon values and politics in protocol design. A participant observation of a team developing internet protocols revealed that difficulties defining the stakeholders in an infrastructure and tensions between local and global viewpoints both complicated values reflection. Further, Internet architects tended to equate a core value of interoperability with values neutrality. The article describes how particular work practices within infrastructure development overcame these challenges by engaging developers in praxis: situated, lived experience of the social nature of technology.
An Evaluation of the Implementation of Curriculum Innovation: The Impact of the William and Mary Units on Schools
Authors: Van Tassel-Baska Joyce , Avery Linda D. , Little Catherine , Hughes Claire
Published: June 2017

This evaluation study of a curriculum innovation provides a close-up view of two school sites after 3 years of implementing the William and Mary curriculum units. Case study methodology was employed by using multiple data sources, including interview, focus group, document-content analysis, and classroom observation to assess contextual perceptions of impact and institutionalization of the innovation. Findings suggested that the innovation was viewed positively by relevant groups, that the innovation had been integrated into district policies, and that within-system diffusion efforts were underway. However, full implementation of the innovation was hampered by lack of use of the performance-based assessment tasks for improving instruction and for reporting student-learning gains. The study concluded that 3 years of implementation may be insufficient for an innovation to impact the total school culture.
The hollowing out of public service media: a constructivist institutionalist analysis of the commercialisation of BBC’s in-house production
Authors: D’Arma Alessandro
Published: June 2017

This article examines the recent commercialisation of the programme-making activities at the BBC in the United Kingdom as a major instance of a wider tendency that sees a market logic becoming increasingly embedded in public service media (PSM) organisations. Drawing on ideational approaches to policy analysis, this article seeks to explain how and why the BBC came to conceive of BBC Studios, a new commercial subsidiary bringing together the majority of BBC’s in-house production units and free to compete in the wider market for programme commissions, as serving its long-term interests. It considers how BBC strategists engaged with dominant ideas in UK broadcasting policy on the economic value of the creative industries and the benefits of competition for creativity in television programme-making. It shows how changes to the institutional context over the past three decades, predicated on these very ideas, have constrained BBC’s room for manoeuvre. The main arguments put forward – the BBC’s growing reliance on economic arguments to justify its value and the path-dependent effects at work pushing the BBC towards advocating an institutional solution entailing the further hollowing out of its publicly funded structures – are relevant to wider debates on the future role and organisational forms of PSM.
Interplay between Notch and p53 promotes neuronal cell death in ischemic stroke
Authors: Balaganapathy Priyanka , Baik Sang-Ha , Mallilankaraman Karthik , Sobey Christopher G , Jo Dong-Gyu , Arumugam Thiruma V
Published: June 2017

Stroke is the world's second leading cause of mortality, with a high incidence of morbidity. Numerous neuronal membrane receptors are activated by endogenous ligands and may contribute to infarct development. Notch is a well-characterized membrane receptor involved in cell differentiation and proliferation, and now shown to play a pivotal role in cell death during ischemic stroke. Blockade of Notch signaling by inhibition of γ-secretase, an enzyme that generates the active form of Notch, is neuroprotective following stroke. We have also identified that Pin1, a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that regulates p53 transactivation under stress, promotes the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke via Notch signaling. Moreover, Notch can also mediate cell death through a p53-dependent pathway, resulting in apoptosis of neural progenitor cells. The current study has investigated the interplay between Notch and p53 under ischemic stroke conditions. Using pharmacological inhibitors, we have demonstrated that a Notch intracellular domain (NICD)/p53 interaction is involved in transcriptional regulation of genes downstream of p53 and NICD to modify stroke severity. Furthermore, the NICD/p53 interaction confers stability to p53 by rescuing it from ubiquitination. Together, these results indicate that Notch contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke by promoting p53 stability and signaling.
Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Niu Manman , Han Ying , Dy Angel Belle C. , Du Junbao , Jin Hongfang , Qin Jiong , Zhang Jing , Li Qinrui , Hagerman Randi J.
Published: June 2017

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is recognized as the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although symptoms of ASD are frequently observed in patients with FXS, researchers have not yet clearly determined whether the symptoms in patients with FXS differ from the symptoms in patients without ASD or nonsyndromic ASD. Behavioral similarities and differences between FXS and ASD are important to improve our understanding of the causes and correlations of ASD with FXS. Based on the evidence presented in this review, individuals with FXS and comorbid ASD have more severe behavioral problems than individuals with FXS alone. However, patients with FXS and comorbid ASD exhibit less severe impairments in the social and communication symptoms than patients with nonsyndromic ASD. Individuals with FXS also present with anxiety and seizures in addition to comorbid ASD symptoms, and differences in these conditions are noted in patients with FXS and ASD. This review also discusses the role of fragile X mental retardation 1 protein (FMRP) in FXS and ASD phenotypes.
The Gay Panic Defense: Legal Defense Strategy or Reinforcement of Homophobia in Court?
Authors: Tomei Jenna , Cramer Robert J. , Boccaccini Marcus T. , Panza Nancy Ryba
Published: June 2017

Gay panic refers to a heterosexual man violently responding to unwanted sexual advances from a gay man. In court, the defendant may argue he was provoked or temporarily insane. This study utilized 352 jury-eligible citizens to assess differences across mediums of gay panic. Participants were asked to read vignettes depicting a control, gay panic as provocation, or gay panic as insanity condition and provide verdicts and ratings of blame and responsibility. Participants also completed measures assessing political orientation and homonegativity. Data were analyzed via a MANCOVA, a chi-square goodness-of-fit test, and general linear modeling. Verdicts, victim blame, and ratings of responsibility differed across vignette conditions, with an observed leniency effect when gay panic was claimed in either context. Homonegativity also exacerbated patterns of prodefendant views, as participants higher in homonegativity assigned higher victim blame, lower defendant responsibility, and more lenient verdicts in the gay panic conditions. The effect of political orientation was nuanced, as only republicans in the provocation condition followed the anticipated pattern in rendering more lenient verdicts. Results provide additional support for the notion gay panic defenses may be, in part, fueled by political beliefs and prejudicial beliefs against persons of sexual minority status. Drawing from a justification–suppression model, it may be that in cases of gay panic, a context is created in which prejudiced ideologies can be openly expressed via leniency on the defendant. Implications may be relevant to future criminal law policies and practices, particularly advocacy and policy efforts, judicial training, and trial consultation to attorneys for juror selection and development of trial strategy.
Dermoscopy in differentiating palmar syphiloderm from palmar papular psoriasis
Authors: Errichetti Enzo , Stinco Giuseppe
Published: June 2017

Palmar syphiloderm is one of the most common presentations of secondary syphilis and its recognition is of utmost importance in order to promptly identify such a disease and initiate appropriate workup/management. However, the differential diagnosis with palmar papular psoriasis often poses some difficulties, with consequent possible diagnostic errors/delays and prescription of improper therapies. In this report, we underline the role of dermoscopy as a supportive tool to facilitate the non-invasive recognition of palmar syphiloderm and its distinction from palmar papular psoriasis.
Creating Shared Value Through Service-Learning in Management Education
Authors: Nikolova Natalia , Andersen Lisa
Published: June 2017

Service-learning has gained strong interest among educators as a model of experiential education through community engagement. Its potential to contribute to multiple stakeholders, including students, community partners, faculty, and university, is well recognized. While research has focused on elements of this teaching model that contribute to the realization of student-related benefits, there has been less emphasis on what aspects enable the creation of shared value to other stakeholders. We describe a postgraduate, elective management consulting course based on service-learning pedagogy, which has been running for 10 years at the University of Technology Sydney Business School leading to the completion of 75 community projects to date, and evaluate how it creates shared value to multiple stakeholders. We identify four main elements of the course that enable it to deliver value to multiple stakeholders: a dedicated role of client engagement coordinator, a coaching program involving industry experts, student autonomy, and authentic assessments. The main challenges in continuously providing value to all involved parties are developing focused and realistic project briefs, managing students’ commitment and differences in students’ skills, and recruiting industry coaches.
Rates of Common Classroom Behavior Management Strategies and Their Associations With Challenging Student Behavior in Elementary School
Authors: Owens Julie Sarno , Holdaway Alex S. , Smith Jessica , Evans Steven W. , Himawan Lina K. , Coles Erika K. , Girio-Herrera Erin , Mixon Clifton S. , Egan Theresa E. , Dawson Anne E.
Published: June 2017

In this study, we (a) describe patterns of challenging student behaviors (classwide and for a target student with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]) and teacher behaviors (i.e., praise, commands, and responses to challenging behavior) in kindergarten through Grade 5 classrooms, (b) examine the relations between these behaviors, and (c) describe a threshold of teacher behaviors most associated with low levels of challenging student behavior. Participants were 55 teachers observed using a modified version of the Student Behavior Teacher Response (SBTR) system. Across grades, there was variability in rates of classwide challenging behavior per hour ( M = 35.81 to 102.62) and rates of praise per hour ( M = 10.90 to 37.70). The percentage of challenging behaviors to which teachers responded appropriately was generally low ( M = 27% to 47%) and stable across grades. For classwide challenging behavior, higher percentages of appropriate teacher response were significantly associated with lower rates of challenging behavior ( b = −.43; p < .01), but effective commands and labeled praise were not. Classwide challenging behaviors dropped to 30 per hour once teachers reach a threshold of 51% appropriate response, with little incremental benefit at higher levels. Implications for professional development and future study of behavior management practices are discussed.
Are Employees More Mobilized After Job Mobility?
Authors: Equeter Emily , Jepsen Denise , Hellemans Catherine
Published: June 2017

The antecedents of voluntary employee turnover are well studied, but little is known about the consequences or outcomes of this voluntary job mobility. We address this gap through a survey study of 121 banking employees who have changed their employer in the last 3 years. We hypothesized that job change, whether self-initiated or imposed, may improve organizational commitment, work engagement, and well-being. These positive effects are expected when the job change is perceived as professionally and personally beneficial. Regression analyses revealed that employer change that is perceived as successful, whether voluntary or not, predicts an increase in general well-being, work engagement, and, to a lesser extent, affective organizational commitment. These results suggest that employer change may help employees to be more mobilized in their new work. Misconceptions about highly mobile employees and advantages of job change for both employees and organizations are discussed.
Association of Ankle Arthritis Score With Need for Revision Surgery
Authors: Croft Stephen , Wing Kevin J. , Daniels Timothy R. , Glazebrook Mark , Dryden Peter , Younger Alastair , Penner Murray J. , Sutherland Jason M.
Published: June 2017

Background:

The Ankle Arthritis Score (AAS) is a new patient-reported outcome derived from the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS). This study analyzed longitudinally collected data from a cohort of patients in the Canadian Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (COFAS) Ankle Arthritis Study in order to evaluate whether the postoperative AAS is associated with need for revision surgery.

Methods:

A multicenter, prospective, ankle-reconstruction study enrolled 653 ankles undergoing total ankle replacement (TAR) or ankle arthrodesis (AA). The AAS was given at baseline and annually during postoperative follow-up. Time to revision surgery was modeled using a proportional hazards model. The final sample included 531 ankles in 509 patients.

Results:

Sixty-two patients underwent metal-component revision and 8 underwent arthrodesis revision during the follow-up time period. The remaining 461 unrevised ankles (300 TAR, 161 AA) had a minimum follow-up of 2 years (average of 3.4 years). Revision surgery after TAR was found to be associated with a higher postoperative AAS and a longer follow-up. The hazard ratio for the AAS indicated that for every 1-point increase in the score, the rate of revision surgery after TAR was 1 percentage point higher.

Conclusions:

TAR patients who reported higher levels of postoperative functional impairment, as indicated by a higher AAS, were more likely to require metal-component revision surgery. After adjustment for other patient factors, the risk of revision surgery increased with length of follow-up after TAR. This study provides further evidence for the utility of the AAS in the clinical setting.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Docetaxel-induced cardiac-respiratory arrest in a patient with chronic atrial fibrillation
Authors: Huq Mostaqul , Balvanz Tracie M , Mambourg Scott
Published: June 2017

Docetaxel has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of many cancer types, including breast cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. Many severe to life-threatening side effects (Grades 3–5) of docetaxel have been reported in clinical trials, case reports, and Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System. These include anaphylactic reactions, febrile neutropenia, fluid retention, acute respiratory distress, pleural effusion, pneumonia, and peripheral neuropathy. There were fewer cardiac toxicities reported for docetaxel as compared to paclitaxel, which were less severe. In this report, we present a clinical case of docetaxel-induced cardiac-respiratory arrest in a 62-year-old Hispanic male patient with stable chronic atrial fibrillation, who has been recently diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. The cardiac event developed within 15 min of docetaxel infusion during the second cycle of chemotherapy despite using recommended premedication with corticosteroids.
Thermosonication and optimization of stingless bee honey processing
Authors: Chong KY , Chin NL , Yusof YA
Published: June 2017

The effects of thermosonication on the quality of a stingless bee honey, the Kelulut, were studied using processing temperature from 45 to 90 ℃ and processing time from 30 to 120 minutes. Physicochemical properties including water activity, moisture content, color intensity, viscosity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, total phenolic content, and radical scavenging activity were determined. Thermosonication reduced the water activity and moisture content by 7.9% and 16.6%, respectively, compared to 3.5% and 6.9% for conventional heating. For thermosonicated honey, color intensity increased by 68.2%, viscosity increased by 275.0%, total phenolic content increased by 58.1%, and radical scavenging activity increased by 63.0% when compared to its raw form. The increase of hydroxymethylfurfural to 62.46 mg/kg was still within the limits of international standards. Optimized thermosonication conditions using response surface methodology were predicted at 90 ℃ for 111 minutes. Thermosonication was revealed as an effective alternative technique for honey processing.
Watermelon juice concentration using ultrafiltration: Analysis of sugar and ascorbic acid
Authors: Bhattacharjee Chiranjit , Saxena Vinod K , Dutta Suman
Published: June 2017

Raw watermelon juice was concentrated in a laboratory-scale flat-plate ultrafiltration system incorporating polyethersulfone membranes with a molecular weight cutoff of 5 kDa. The experiments have been carried out over a wide range of transmembrane pressures (100–300 kPa). The effect of ultrafiltration with molecular weight cutoff of 5 kDa polyethersulfone membrane on concentrate properties is reported. The total soluble solid content of the permeate was found to be very good, while the ascorbic acid content was on the lower side as compared to feed. The analyses of flux decay according to fouling models reported in the literature revealed that the formation of a cake layer covering the entire surface of the membrane is the main cause of the membrane fouling.
Children’s Hospital Home Care Goes the Extra Mile for International Patients
Authors: Shesser Lynn
Published: June 2017

This article describes how one pediatric home care department, part of a large children’s hospital, provides culturally competent, linguistically appropriate, family-centered care to its international patients. Understanding that family and ethnic factors shape responses to illness and potential acceptance of American health care, health care organizations may need to adapt their care models to respect and integrate a family’s culture. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s Home Care department executes a culturally congruent program that establishes trust, coordinates care, and goes the extra mile to promote best practices and optimal outcomes for its international patients. Success is supported by a health care system that provides a culturally sensitive environment, a full-spectrum language services program, and an interdisciplinary care team that collaboratively and safely transitions patients from hospital to home care or home country.
The Co-Occurrence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children With ADHD
Authors: Zablotsky Benjamin , Bramlett Matthew D. , Blumberg Stephen J.
Published: June 2017

Objective: Children with ADHD frequently present with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptomatology, yet there is a notable gap in the treatment needs of this subpopulation, including whether the presence of ASD may be associated with more severe ADHD symptoms. Method: Data from the 2014 National Survey of the Diagnosis and Treatment of ADHD and Tourette Syndrome ( n = 2,464) were used to compare children diagnosed with ADHD and ASD with children with ADHD, but not ASD. Children were classified as needing treatment if it was received or their parents reported it was needed, but not received. Results: Approximately one in eight children currently diagnosed with ADHD was also diagnosed with ASD. Children diagnosed with both disorders had greater treatment needs, more co-occurring conditions, and were more likely to have a combined hyperactive/impulsive and inattentive ADHD subtype. Conclusion: These findings highlight the complexity of children diagnosed with both ADHD and ASD.
Software-defined environments for science and engineering
Authors: AbdelBaky Moustafa , Diaz-Montes Javier , Parashar Manish
Published: June 2017

Service-based access models coupled with recent advances in application deployment technologies are enabling opportunities for realizing highly customized software-defined environments that can achieve new levels of efficiencies and can support emerging dynamic and data-driven applications. However, achieving this vision requires new models that can support dynamic (and opportunistic) compositions of infrastructure services, which can adapt to evolving application needs and the state of resources. In this article, we present a programmable dynamic infrastructure service composition approach that uses software-defined environment concepts to control the composition process. The resulting software-defined infrastructure service composition adapts to meet objectives and constraints set by the users, applications, and/or resource providers. We present and compare two different approaches for programming resources and controlling the service composition, one that is based on a rule engine and another that leverages a constraint programming model for resource description. We present the design and prototype implementation of such software-defined service composition and demonstrate its operation through a use case where multiple views of heterogeneous, geographically distributed services are aggregated on demand based on user and resource provider specifications. The resulting compositions are used to run different bioinformatics workloads, which are encapsulated inside Docker containers. Each view independently adapts to various constraints and events that are imposed on the system while minimizing the workload completion time.
Impact of immunoablation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on gray and white matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lee Hyunwoo , Nakamura Kunio , Narayanan Sridar , Brown Robert , Chen Jacqueline , Atkins Harold L , Freedman Mark S , Arnold Douglas L
Published: June 2017

Background:

Immunoablation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (IA/aHSCT) halts relapses, white matter (WM) lesion formation, and pathological whole-brain (WB) atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Whether the latter was due to effects on gray matter (GM) or WM warranted further exploration.

Objective:

To model GM and WM volume changes after IA/aHSCT to further understand the effects seen on WB atrophy.

Methods:

GM and WM volume changes were calculated from serial baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ranging from 1.5 to 10.5 years in 19 MS patients treated with IA/aHSCT. A mixed-effects model with two predictors (total busulfan dose and baseline T1-weighted WM lesion volume “T1LV”) characterized the time-courses after IA/aHSCT.

Results:

Accelerated short-term atrophy of 2.1% and 3.2% occurred in GM and WM, respectively, on average. Both busulfan dose and T1LV were significant predictors of WM atrophy, whereas only busulfan was a significant predictor of GM atrophy. Compared to baseline, a significant reduction in GM atrophy, not WM atrophy, was found. The average rates of long-term GM and WM atrophy were −0.18%/year (standard error (SE): 0.083) and −0.07%/year (SE: 0.14), respectively.

Conclusion:

Chemotherapy-related toxicity affected both GM and WM. WM was further affected by focal T1-weighted lesion-related pathologies. Long-term rates of GM and WM atrophy were comparable to those of normal-aging.
How does economic crisis impel emerging parties on the road to elections? The case of the Spanish Podemos and Ciudadanos
Authors: Bosch Agusti , Durán Iván M
Published: June 2017

This article examines the influence of economic crisis on voting preferences for the emerging Spanish parties (Podemos and Ciudadanos). We develop a multinomial model that tests their voting antecedents, and we find three results that may be relevant for the literature on the emergence of parties. First, a negative evaluation of the country’s economic situation has a major impact on votes for the two parties. Second, the perception of corruption also plays a crucial role in understanding support for the two emerging parties. And third, both the evaluation of the country’s economic situation and the perception of corruption interact to account for the emergence of both Podemos and Ciudadanos. We conclude that the emergence of new parties has an economic basis, but political factors – such as corruption – are not suppressed by this. Conversely, the two factors interact in order to finally give rise to the new parties.
Gay men’s experiences with prostate cancer: Implications for future research
Authors: Hoyt Michael A , Frost David M , Cohn Eric , Millar Brett M , Diefenbach Michael A , Revenson Tracey A
Published: June 2017

Gay men’s experiences with prostate cancer and its impact on health-related quality of life are poorly understood. This qualitative study explored gay men’s experience with prostate cancer with a focus on the emotional, physical, and sexual impact of cancer; support needs; and healthcare interactions. Three semi-structured focus groups of gay men with prostate cancer were conducted. A conventional content analytic approach was used to identify six primary content areas that described poignant aspects of the men’s experience with prostate cancer: minority stress, intimacy and sexuality concerns, impact on life outlook, healthcare experiences, social support and the gay community, and intersectional identities.
Old persons’ bodily interaction with media in nursing homes
Authors: Swane Christine E
Published: June 2017

Old persons in nursing homes suffer from complex diseases, pain and the loss of physical functions and memory. They embody the notion of ‘deep old age’, the ‘fourth age’, as recipients of personal care, medicine, meals and organised activities. People in nursing homes are also part of a society in which media have become a regular feature of everyday life. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Danish nursing homes, this article explores old persons’ subjective interaction with media technologies and material objects. Embodiment and agency are central analytical concepts for understanding residents’ use of media artefacts when the body is in pain and loses functionality. With theories of domestication and biographical situation, this article reveals how media are important for residents in making an institutional dwelling ‘their home’. Media seem to bridge the gap between institutionalisation and a long life’s preferences and participation in social and cultural worlds. This article forms part of ‘Media and the Ageing Body’ Special Issue.
The elderly female face in beauty and fashion ads: Joan Didion for Céline
Authors: Jerslev Anne
Published: June 2017

The point of departure for this article is an astonishment at the recent increase in elderly women in fashion and beauty ads, and the question of what value this kind of photography may attribute to the ageing body and face in a visual culture whose association between youth and beauty forms one of the most influential constructions of ageism in Western culture. To attempt to answer this question, the article discusses the relationship between beauty, time and the ageing face, especially in beauty and fashion ads. The 2015 spring ad campaign for the luxury fashion brand Céline, which featured ‘celebrity writer’ Joan Didion, is used as a case study to examine how time and ageing coalesce in the construction of the ageing writer as cool. This article forms part of ‘Media and the Ageing Body’ Special Issue.
Patient perceptions of experience with cardiac rehabilitation after isolated heart valve surgery
Authors: Hansen Tina B , Berg Selina K , Sibilitz Kirstine L , Zwisler Ann D , Norekvål Tone M , Lee Anne , Buus Niels
Published: June 2017

Background:

Little evidence exists on whether cardiac rehabilitation is effective for patients after heart valve surgery. Yet, accepted recommendations for patients with ischaemic heart disease continue to support it. To date, no studies have determined what heart valve surgery patients prefer in a cardiac rehabilitation programme, and none have analysed their experiences with it.

Aims:

The purpose of this qualitative analysis was to gain insight into patients’ experiences in cardiac rehabilitation, the CopenHeartVR trial. This trial specifically assesses patients undergoing isolated heart valve surgery.

Methods:

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine patients recruited from the intervention arm of the trial. The intervention consisted of a physical training programme and a psycho-educational intervention. Participants were interviewed three times: 2–3 weeks, 3–4 months and 8–9 months after surgery between April 2013 and October 2014. Data were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis.

Results:

Participants had diverse needs and preferences. Two overall themes emerged: cardiac rehabilitation played an important role in (i) reducing insecurity and (ii) helping participants to take active personal responsibility for their health. Despite these benefits, participants experienced existential and psychological challenges and musculoskeletal problems. Participants also sought additional advice from healthcare professionals both inside and outside the healthcare system.

Conclusions:

Even though the cardiac rehabilitation programme reduced insecurity and helped participants take active personal responsibility for their health, they experienced existential, psychological and physical challenges during recovery. The cardiac rehabilitation programme had several limitations, having implications for designing future programmes.
The roads of ‘excellence’ in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Antonowicz Dominik , Kohoutek Jan , Pinheiro Rómulo , Hladchenko Myroslava
Published: June 2017

The aim of the article is to explore the impact of excellence as a powerful policy idea in the context of recent and contemporary developments in three selected Central and Eastern European countries, namely, the Czech Republic, Poland and Ukraine. More specifically, we explore how excellence as a ‘global script’ was translated by policy makers into local contexts with institutionalized practices. It shows that the translation of the idea of excellence involved the rise of a series of novel policy measures such as long-term strategic funding and the establishment of various pertinent schemes (e.g. flagship universities, centres of excellence). By doing so, the analysis – which is comparative by nature – focuses on exploring major differences and similarities in the conceptualization and implementation of the idea of excellence in the three local contexts of science.
Cooperative engineering as a joint action
Authors: Joffredo-Le Brun Sophie , Morellato Mireille , Sensevy Gérard , Quilio Serge
Published: June 2017

This paper describes some elements of a specific kind of design-based research, cooperative engineering. In the first part of the paper, we argue that cooperative engineering can be analyzed through a joint action framework. We first present some conceptual tools that the Joint Action Theory in Didactics proposes in order to understand didactic and cooperative action. The second part of the paper is devoted to cooperative engineering, a research process that gathers teachers and researchers through a common project. We first give some root principles of this kind of research endeavor. Then we focus on a specific cooperative engineering, Arithmetic and Comprehension at Elementary School, which aims towards building a mathematics curriculum at first and second grades. After a general description of the research project, we analyze one of its core components, the engineering dialogue. We show how this joint action between teachers, researchers, and teachers and researchers, enables the cooperative engineering team to build and rebuild the curriculum in an iterative way.
Teaching traditions in science education in Switzerland, Sweden and France: A comparative analysis of three curricula
Authors: Marty Laurence , Venturini Patrice , Almqvist Jonas
Published: June 2017

Classroom actions rely, among other things, on teaching habits and traditions. Previous research has clarified three different teaching traditions in science education: the academic tradition builds on the idea that simply the products and methods of science are worth teaching; the applied tradition focuses on students’ ability to use scientific knowledge and skills in their everyday life; and the moral tradition opens up a relationship between science and society, focusing on students’ decision making concerning socio scientific issues. The aim of this paper is to identify and discuss similarities and differences between the science curricula in Sweden, France and Western Switzerland in terms of teaching traditions. The study considers the following dimensions in the analysis: (1) the goals of science education as presented in the initial recommendations of the curricula; (2) the organization and division of the core contents; and (3) the learning outcomes expected from the students in terms of concepts, skills and/or scientific literacy requirements. Although the three traditions are taken into account within the various initial recommendations, the place they occupy in the content to be taught is different in each case. In the Swedish curriculum, our analyses show that the three traditions are embedded in the initial recommendations and in the expected outcomes. On the other hand, in the Western-Swiss and French curricula, the three traditions are embedded in the initial recommendations but only academic tradition can be found in the expected outcomes. Therefore, the Swedish curriculum seems to be more consistent regarding teaching traditions. This may have some consequences on teaching and learning practices, which will be discussed in the article. Moreover, our analyses enable us to put forward definitions of teaching tradition.
Analytical study of oblique wave scattering by a submerged pile–rock breakwater
Authors: Li Ai-jun , Li Hua-jun , Liu Yong
Published: June 2017

This study examines the scattering of obliquely incident waves by a submerged pile–rock breakwater, which consists of two rows of closely spaced piles and a rock core between them. Based on linear potential theory, a closed-form analytical solution for the present problem is developed using matched eigenfunction expansions. The analytical solution is novel because of the new submerged pile–rock-type breakwater. The analytical solution is confirmed by an independently developed multi-domain boundary element method solution. The analytical solution is also compared with experimental data for three special cases of the present breakwater. Numerical examples are presented to investigate the effects of structural parameters and wave parameters on the reflection, transmission and energy loss coefficients of the breakwater. It is found that the wave energy dissipation by the submerged pile–rock breakwater is mainly contributed by the rock core, and only a small part of wave energy dissipation is due to the closely spaced piles.
Process-based ideology of participative experimentation to foster identity-challenging innovations: The case of Gmail and AdSense
Authors: Garud Raghu , Karunakaran Arvind
Published: June 2017

Prior research has examined how organizational identity can enable and constrain innovations. A complementary literature has examined organizational ideology as the basis for actions driving identity-enhancing innovations. We examine how organizational ideology can serve as the basis for identity-challenging innovations through an in-depth study of the emergence of two innovations at Google—Gmail and AdSense. Findings from this study highlight a process-based ideology of participative experimentation. We explicate the constituent elements of this process-based ideology, and discuss its implications for research on innovation and identity.
Determinants and consequences of corporate development and strategy function size
Authors: Menz Markus , Barnbeck Fabian
Published: June 2017

The corporate development and strategy function at headquarters is critical for contemporary firms’ strategy activities, yet we know little about its design and structure. We explore how firms determine the need for strategy resources at the corporate level and, thus, the corporate development and strategy function size, as well as the extent to which they benefit from this structural choice. Drawing on a survey of chief strategy officers from 105 large listed European firms, as well as archival data, our analysis indicates that (a) the number of corporate development and strategy function employees differs substantially across firms, suggesting distinct corporate development and strategy function types and economies of scale in the corporate development and strategy function; (b) environmental, strategic, and structural factors explain this variance; and (c) the corporate development and strategy function size is consequential for a firm’s performance, although one size does not fit all firms. Overall, the study highlights the importance of strategy professionals and functions for a firm’s strategy processes.
Preference among light sources with different Duv but similar colour rendition: A pilot study
Authors: Wang Y , Wei M
Published: June 2017

Recent studies have suggested that light sources with chromaticities slightly below the blackbody locus are preferred by human observers. The preferred light settings identified in these studies, however, had high values of colour fidelity and colour gamut. It has been speculated that the preference was caused by good colour rendition, rather than chromaticity. This article reports a pilot study in which the spectral power distributions of the light settings were carefully designed using a genetic algorithm. Twenty-three observers evaluated pairs of light settings at 3000 K and 6500 K with different chromaticities, in terms of Duv, but similar colour rendition as characterized using the IES TM-30-15 Rf, Rg, and Color Vector Graphic. It was found that the light settings with Duv of −0.02 and −0.03 were most preferred among the 3000 K settings; while the settings with Duv of 0 and −0.01 were most preferred among the 6500 K settings. Further studies regarding how chromaticity alone affects preference under different viewing conditions and adaptation conditions will be valuable to better understand human preference for light stimuli.