bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Spatial Concentrations of Large-Truck Crashes Using Data Mining Methods
Authors: Tahfim Syed As-Sadeq , Yan Chen
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the number of studies on crashes involving large-trucks has increased due to its importance to the economy and the higher chance of fatalities. However, none of the previous studies has given attention to the spatial concentrations of large-truck crashes. Moreover, the literature lacks exploration of granular level land use and urban design factors. The current study used the DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise) method to identify the spatial concentrations of crashes involving large-trucks. Additionally, the study explored housing, population, employment, and road network density attributes along with the crash characteristics, roadway attributes, location type, traffic conditions, driver’s action and behavior, and environmental factors. The association rule analysis was employed to discover the contributory factors that lead to no injury, non-severe and severe injuries at the spatial concentrations of crashes involving large-trucks. The findings indicated that the rear-end collisions involving drunk drivers often lead to severe injuries in large-truck crashes. Non-interstate roads, speed limit from 40 to 80 kilometers per hour, high road network density, medium and high population density are frequent conditions of non-severe injuries. Lastly, collisions between large-trucks and fixed objects, sideswipe same direction collisions, snowy roads, clear weather, medium road network and employment density are likely to facilitate no injury crashes involving large-trucks. Road traffic authorities can use these insights to reduce the frequency and severity of crashes involving large-trucks at their spatial concentrations.
The Impact of Environmental Energy Taxes on Nigeria’s Insecurity Situation
Authors: Omodero Cordelia Onyinyechi , Okezie Stella Ogechukwu
Published: March 2022

It is critical to enhance environmental energy taxes in order to offer a more secure business climate in Nigeria. Insecurity in Nigeria is severe, and it has become a component of the country's environmental problem to deal with. This research investigates the influence of environmental energy tariffs on Nigeria's insecurity condition. The research approach is cross-sectional, and secondary data from 2010 to 2020 were used in this study. According to the multiple regression results, all factors have a substantial beneficial influence on the country's insecurity management. The petroleum profit tax, gas exploration tax, and level of freedom from corruption, all have a good and substantial impact on security management. The study indicates that the government has significantly utilized environmental energy taxes to combat insecurity. However, if the country will be totally free from corruption, insecurity will be minimized. Therefore, the study urges immediate participation of international community in the Nigeria’s insecurity concerns. This move has become extremely essential to salvage the country from all ecologically connected difficulties and to guarantee peace and safety for all inhabitants. Concerning corruption, it is high time for the government to begin looking for the sponsors of insurgency and abduction in order to punish them more severely.
Effectiveness of Forensic Firewall in Protection of Devices from Cyberattacks
Authors: Fakiha Bandr
Published: March 2022

Computers and networks serve a host of functions. As they provide the much-needed services, unscrupulous parties also make work difficult by promoting cyberattacks that could lead to sensitive data loss and inability to access a personal computer. The submission explores the use of firewalls in protecting users against network-driven attacks. Firewalls intercept malware attacks, phishing, and identity theft by denying access to certain suspicious sites. However, users must realize that some hardware firewalls cannot protect them from certain web attacks and software firewalls that are in-built fail to detect malicious attacks on some occasions. Therefore, some entities are forced to incorporate both hardware and software to get the desired level of protection. Using an experimental research method, the study explores the effectiveness of firewall protection by presenting more gains that demerits.
Phishing and Sybil Enhanced Behavior Processing and Footprint Algorithms in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Kakulla Sireesha , Malladi Srinivas
Published: March 2022

Communication between vehicles is the core of VANETs, which are built on notions of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Each car on the network is now seen as a mobile network node. All participating cars become wireless routers or nodes, depending on your viewpoint. VANET creates a huge network with a long-range by connecting all cars within range to a fixed unit. VANET assists with traffic regulation, communication between vehicles and the sharing of road data. There is a possibility that the VANET network could be compromised by identity and information concerns, resulting in data delays or theft. Attacks like Sybil and phishing are possible because of this network's weakness. Due to the two recent strikes, infrastructure and human lives may be in jeopardy. There are two novel algorithms developed by the authors to tackle Sybil and Phishing assaults on VANET networks: Phishing and Sybil Enhanced Behavior Processing and Footprints (P&SEBP&F). Originally known as the Phishing and Sybil Enhanced Behavior Processing and Footprint, P&STL&T was renamed P&STL&T. Phishing and Sybil were used as well as varied attacker-to-victim node ratios to test the effectiveness of the new tactics for assessing effectiveness. Compared to previous study and the work of the other authors cited, there were approximately 30% fewer attackers detected during the research.
Словообразовательный анализ, его объект и основные задачи
Authors: Зайцева Н.Н.
Published: March 2022

Словообразовательная система русского языка анализирует лексические единицы (слова) под разным углом зрения: от слова к морфеме или от слова к слову, учитывая его словообразовательные связи. Словообразовательный анализ так же, как и морфемный анализ, имеет свои цели и задачи. В работах ученых, посвященных этому вопросу, существует общее мнение, что первая задача исследователя при словообразовательном анализе – нахождение производящего слова или сочетания. В связи с этим фактом в статье говорится о задачах словообразовательного анализа, предлагаются алгоритмы разбора, используемые в практике школы и вуза, и различные примеры.
Из опыта внедрения программы здоровьесбережения в вузе
Authors: Ахмадуллина Х.М. , Горбаткова Е.Ю. , Ахмадуллин У.З. , Мочалкин П.А. , Веселова А.Х.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлен опыт внедрения элективного курса «Формирование здоровья обучающихся» в программу здоровьесберегающих мероприятий. В экспериментальной группе отмечается снижение числа студентов из группы высокого риска на 4,3%, в контрольной группе этот показатель повысился на 1,9%.
Специфика самопредъявления курсантов в межличностном взаимодействии
Authors: Лукомец А.А.
Published: March 2022

В статье раскрывается актуальность проблемы самопредъявления курсантов в межличностном взаимодействии, особую ценность приобретает способность личности эффективно подать себя, производить благоприятное впечатление в процессе общения с другими. Демонстрируется значимость диагностики индивидуальных особенностей самопредъявления курсантов с помощью опросника «Стратегии самопредъявления».
О преимуществе использования моделирования на основе нейросети в социально-экономических исследованиях
Authors: Баширов А.В. , Ханов Т.А. , Цицина А.С.
Published: March 2022

В статье описывается преимущество моделирования на основе обученной нейросети при необходимости оценки социально –экономических показателей. В статье рассмотрено сопоставление фактических и расчетных значений ВВП на душу населения РК и количество зарегистрированных преступлений.
3D графика в современном мире
Authors: Шурига Н.С. , Минеева Т.А.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье представлена общая информация о трѐхмерной компьютерной графике. Описан процесс создания 3D модели.
Региональные практики организации событийного волонтѐрство в реализации социально-значимых проектов
Authors: Осколков А.В. , Луцик М.Е.
Published: March 2022

Общество и государство признает важность волонтерства для общественных организаций и населения. Волонтерство обычно воспринимается как социальное явление и коллективная деятельность, которая увеличивает социальный капитал. Волонтеры – линия связи между организациями, общественностью и государством.
Оценка экономического сектора Костромской области
Authors: Караганов В.Е. , Киселева А.А. , Григорьева Д.Р.
Published: March 2022

В статье подробно рассматривается состояние промышленного комплекса Костромской и Ивановской областей. Промышленная сфера Костромской области в большей степени преобладает не только над Ивановской областью, но и над другими регионами ЦФО.
Анализ операций российских кредитных организаций на фондовом рынке
Authors: Ковтун Б.А. , Соколовский А.Ю.
Published: March 2022

Активная деятельность коммерческих банков на фондовом рынке является важным аргументом роста авторитета банка. В условиях конкуренции банки вынуждены искать эффективные способы увеличения прибыли и, следовательно, увеличения объемов капитала. Данная работа обозревает ряд вопросов, касающихся деятельности коммерческих банков на фондовом рынке.
Meta self-description and self-psychologism as meta-poetic principles of A. I. Solzhenitsyn
Authors:   Saratov State University, Altynbaeva Gulnara M.
Published: March 2022

The autobiographical character of Solzhenitsyn’s oeuvre, inseparable nature of ethical and aesthetic views, have shaped the author’s unique aesthetics. From the point of view of the author of this article, eliciting the meta-poetic principles defines the way of comprehension of Solzhenitsyn’s artistic world, of his ‘phenomenon’. The article presents the analysis of two of Solzhenitsyn’s significant meta-poetic principles: self-meta-description and self-psychologism. The research is based on Diary R-17 which should be introduced into the readers’ and researchers’ circulation as an important key to understanding Solzhenitsyn’s artistic method. An insight into the French edition of the Diary has allowed the author of this article to trace the stages of working on The Red Wheel, and to regard Solzhenitsyn’s ‘creative laboratory’ as a whole. At the same time the diary records broaden the readers’ understanding not only of the ways of creating a historical novel, but of the writer’s biography, of his reading range and literary context, of his predecessors in the genre of historical narrative, of the writer’s techniques and methods. The article turns the spotlight on the fact that Solzhenitsyn does not bestow his biography on characters close to him, he imparts to them the train of his thoughts, the capacity for Tolstoy’s ‘soul dialectics’, making them the author’s self-psychological counterparts. This article is a part of a substantial research of Solzhenitsyn’s system of meta-poetic principles, including the ‘world vision’ on the functions and the responsibility of the artist and the art to the world; on the judgement on the creative work of other authors. The author of the article has an objective to understand the writer’s aesthetics, that was formed under the influence of a vital aspiration to record the history of the Russian revolution, to tell the hidden truth about the history of Russia.
Studying the works of Vasily Shukshin in Chinese literary criticism
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Qi Meng
Published: March 2022

The subject of this work is the main themes and ideas of Russian country prose – the school that most fully reflects the essence of the Russian national mentality. Ethical issues are an integral part of the works of Vasily Shukshin. V. Shukshin’s novellas represent the wisdom, virtue and life experience of a Russian villager, an attempt is made to identify the spiritual foundations. Writers strive to find the foundations of the peasant world. Vasily Shukshin’s works are known not only in Russia, but all over the world. At the end of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, V. Shukshin’s novellas were also translated into Chinese and had a significant impact on the work of modern Chinese fiction writers of the new era. During the period of social transformations in China and the Soviet Union, a large number of peasants left the village and rushed to the cities, while their lands were abandoned, and the very attitude of man to the land changed. These processes could not but disturb the writers of the two countries, reflecting in their works on the relationship between man and nature, on national historical memory, on the connection between tradition and modernity. Thus, the question of studying the reception of V. Shukshin’s creativity in China seems to be very up-to-date. The historical and biographical methods provide a key to understanding the author’s content of such national Russian concepts as ‘home’, ‘melancholy’, ‘soul’, ‘conscience’, ‘fate’ and demonstrate the views of Chinese literary scholars on the oeuvre of Russian writers of this school. The works of Chinese literary critics are introduced into the scientific circulation.
Vertical structuring of the word formation field of compound terms (On the material of the Russian and German clinical terminology)
Authors:   V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Nosacheva Marina I.
Published: March 2022

Compound terms correspond to the criteria of compounds to a different degree, which allows the author to consider them as a fuzzy set, structured from the perspective of the field approach. Word formation fields of Russian and German clinical compound terms are structured in accordance with the different compliance degree of terms with compound criteria. The research objective is to structure the word formation fields of Russian and German compound terms vertically. The research material constitutes samples of 1545 Russian and 2882 German clinical compound terms. In the course of study, the qualitative-quantitative analysis of terms has been carried out and the compounds’ compliance degree with the criteria of the compound words has been established within the interval of [0; 1]. Compounds which fully comply with all criteria form the core of the field. Terms with the compliance degree less than 0,3 are identified as word groups. The interval [0,3; 1) contains word complexes, which belong to the fuzzy composite set to a larger or smaller degree, and which belong to different segments of the field depending on the set of criteria. The results are the following: the core of the field of Russian terms consists of 91,5% of all compounds, the core of the field of German terms – 73,4% of terms. In the circumnuclear area in the field of the Russian terms 2,8% of compounds are located, in the field of the German terms – 23,8% of all compounds. The border-line segment between the core and the periphery of the field of the Russian terms consists of 4,1% of all terms, in the field of the German terms – 2,4% of compounds. The periphery is represented by an insignificant number of compounds in both fields. The obtained results allow the author to draw the conclusion that the general structure of the fields of the Russian and German terms is almost identical (large core segment and small periphery), but some differences have been detected; for instance, in the core segment of the field of the Russian terms the core is dominant while in the field of the German terms the circumnuclear area is extensive. Some differences are also noted in the structure of the periphery.
Prevalence and clinical significance of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: AKTAN KÖŞKER Tuğba , DOĞAN İsmail , KÜÇÜKŞAHİN Orhan , ERTEN Şükran
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Although anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody is a specific marker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is also detected positively in some other rheumatological diseases including Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and even in healthy people. Studies have shown that anti-CCP guides the early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of RA patients. SS and RA overlap syndrome are common. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of serum anti-CCP in primary SS patients followed in our outpatient clinic.
Methods: Eighty-two primary SS, 100 RA patients and 100 healthy controls applied to rheumatology outpatient clinic were examined. Patients and control groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, laboratory results and anti-CCP.
Results: In the present study, anti-CCP was positive in 4 (4.9%) of 82 primary SS patients. In the SS group, among other autoantibodies, ANA was found to be positive at 88.8%, RF 45%, SS-A 64.6%, and SS-B 36.7%. There was no relationship between anti-CCP and joint involvement in patients with SS.
Conclusions: Anti-CCP antibody positivity can be found in SS patients. Acute phase proteins may be higher in primary SS patients with positive anti-CCP antibody. However, studies have found conflicting findings about the prevalence of erosive arthritis and the future development of RA in these patient groups.
The Entrepreneurial Spirit of the Manager
Authors: (Beșcu) Buzică Monica-Mihaela
Published: March 2022

Through this article we want to emphasize the importance of educational management. We are also interested in whether the manager of an educational institution has or should have an entrepreneurial spirit. In recent years, special emphasis has been placed on educational management. We observe a tendency towards interdisciplinarity in the Romanian education and the necessity of the presence of the entrepreneurial spirit in the educational institutions. Entrepreneurship and management have a close connection that we will discuss in the following article. Thus, our attention was drawn to the need for entrepreneurship in management positions. The special importance given to educational management, leadership and entrepreneurship has led us to approach this interesting topic. It is necessary to create a personal profile of the manager of the educational institutions and to understand what educational management means and how to be a good manager in order to achieve high results. For this we have conducted a research on these concepts, and the results and its course will be presented in this article. We are also interested in how the manager's activity influences the education provided in an educational institution. We have a number of compelling questions to which we want to receive scientifically substantiated answers and that is why we have proposed a research that will answer the current needs. The world is constantly changing and this forces the existence of a manager capable of adapting and managing the various situations that arise. We need to know what competencies and qualities a manager must have and his status within the organization.
The Personal Change of The Manager - Core of the Organizational Change
Authors: Ciulei (Ionescu) Florentina , Morlovea Angela , Popescu Delia Mioara , Popescu Constanta
Published: March 2022

The school organizations in Romania are confronted with the continuous perspective of change by reference to the legislative changes, to those at the level of the educational paradigm, but also at the social level. The present paper aims at a historical and evolutionary recovery of the concept of change in the school organization, with emphasis on identifying strategies and techniques for managing the process of developing and changing the manager, taking into consideration his professional competences and his personal abilities, considered as core and trigger agent for effective change in the organization. Personal change involves dynamics, which implies personal development, becoming, training. In order to complete the process of personal change of a school manager it takes a long time, of involvement in one's own development in order to trigger induce support the change of the school organization. In order to adopt the most appropriate organizational strategy (maintaining/restricting/developing or diversifying the organization), the manager must constantly evaluate his own abilities/competencies, to value those that bring performance to his organization. The methodology consisted in the rigorous analysis of the specialized literature and the empirical research, instrumented by a survey based on a questionnaire applied to the managers of 15 early education organizations in Dâmboviţa county. The main conclusions from the study focus on the process of becoming a manager, with an emphasis on the triggering moment of his personal change, transposed into behaviors that will have implications for the culture of his organization.
Audit of European Structural and Investment Funds, a Component of the Management and Control System
Authors: Miserciu Iulian
Published: March 2022

The European Commission (EC) has established through European regulations that at each Member State an independent body, generically called the Audit Authority (AA), who will ensure the external public audit function for each operational program financed by the European grants. Each Member State was free to set up its audit authority, subject to the above-mentioned conditions. The Romanian Audit Authority was set up at the level of the Romanian Court of Accounts, being established by national law as a body without juridical personality, operationally independent from the rest of the public audit activity. This audit body performs the external audit function for all operational programs financed by the European grants. The present article aims to present the Romanian Audit Authority, its institutional and organizational capacity to fulfil the legal requirements of the European legislation and the extent to which its results can provide a reasonable assurance to the European Commission that the management and control system (MCS) functions in way to prevent, detect and correct deficiencies and financial sanctions. One of the challenges of the audit is whether its recommendations can prevent malfunctions in the MCS, and in the event of irregularities, the managing authority (MA) and the certifying authority (CA) can correct them in time before the European Commission is declared expenditure. It will also present the procedure established by the legal framework on how audit recommendations are implemented by the other entities within the management and control system. Although it is part of the Court of Auditors, the Audit Authority has its own working procedures, which must reflect the requirements of European regulations and guidelines, and the results of its verifications are communicated to the European Institutions. The manner in which the EC uses the audit reports will also be the subject of this article.
Observations on the Agronomic and Use Value of Certain Soy Varieties in The Pedoclimatic Conditions of the South Muntenia Region
Authors: Neagu Frăsin Loredana Beatrice , Nițu Iulia , Cernat Sorina
Published: March 2022

Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable domains to climate changes, and the plant breeders' main targets are: adapting the already existing valuable varieties to these changes and creating new varieties with increased resistance to significant alternations of temperature and precipitations. Considering the importance of soy culture, 7 soy varieties were studied for 3 years at the Centre for Testing of Varieties Târgovişte, to observe which of them are suitable for cultivation in the pedoclimatic conditions of South Muntenia Region. In the year 2015, the rainfall distribution and volume led to large average productions for all the varieties, with SG Albert, ES Mentor and SG Kea standing out.Although in the year 2016, the total volume of rainfall was by 200 mm, above the average, this was unequally distributed, low quantities being recorded during important growth stages, respectively the seed development, and plant maturation. However, larger productions compared to the average were obtained by the Carla TD, SG Havane and Larisa varieties. In the year 2017, the rainfall was evenly distributed. Thus, a sufficient reserve was accumulated in spring for the emergence stage, and sufficient rainfall was recorded in summer for the full seed stage. The largest productions had the SG Albert, Carla TD, Larisa and SG Havane varieties. Following the examination of the agronomic and use value, the average production recorded in the entire period 2015-2017 and its constant level in time, the recommended varieties for cultivation in the South Muntenia Region, were Carla TD, SG Havane and Larisa and SG Albert.
The Leading Woman in the Knowledge-Based Economy
Authors: Zaharia (Ştefănescu) Diana Elena , Ștefănescu Bogdan
Published: March 2022

This scientific approach takes into account the analysis of the leadership type, present in the Romanian cultural institutions in terms of identifying the opinion and attitude of the members of the organizations towards the management, as well as the level of their involvement in the accomplishment of the management act, considering that these are important elements that ensure the achievement of the organization's objectives. The research methods used are the following: Observation and analysis of documents and quantitative analysis based on questionnaires. Research Question: Is women accepted as a leader in the contemporary knowledge-based economy? Research hypothesis: Does the gender of the leader influence the organizational performance of cultural institutions in Romania? Purpose of the research: To make a comparison between leadership styles related to gender differences.
The Myth of Total Shakespeare: Filmic Adaptation and Posthuman Collaboration
Authors: Lewis Seth
Published: March 2022

The convergence of textuality and multimedia in the twenty-first century signals a profound shift in early modern scholarship as Shakespeare’s text is no longer separable from the diffuse presence of Shakespeare on film. Such transformative abstractions of Shakespearean linearity materialize throughout the perpetual remediations of Shakespeare on screen, and the theoretical frameworks of posthumanism, I argue, afford us the lens necessary to examine the interplay between film and text. Elaborating on André Bazin’s germinal essay “The Myth of Total Cinema,” which asserts that the original goal of film was to create “a total and complete representation of reality,” this article substantiates the posthuman potentiality of film to affect both humanity and textuality, and the tangible effects of such an encompassing cinema evince themselves across a myriad of Shakespearean appropriations in the twenty-first century (20). I propose that the textual discourses surrounding Shakespeare’s life and works are reconstructed through posthuman interventions in the cinematic representation of Shakespeare and his contemporaries. Couched in both film theory and cybernetics, the surfacing of posthuman interventions in Shakespearean appropriation urges the reconsideration of what it means to engage with Shakespeare on film and television. Challenging the notion of a static, new historicist reading of Shakespeare on screen, the introduction of posthumanist theory forces us to recognize the alternative ontologies shaping Shakespearean appropriation. Thus, the filmic representation of Shakespeare, in its mimetic and portentous embodiment, emerges as a tertiary actant alongside humanity and textuality as a form of posthuman collaboration.
Horrible Imaginings: Jan Kott, the Grotesque, and “Macbeth, Macbeth”
Authors: Tink James
Published: March 2022

Throughout Jan Kott’s Shakespeare Our Contemporary, a keyword for the combination of philosophical, aesthetic and modern qualities in Shakespearean drama is “grotesque.” This term is also relevant to other influential studies of early-modern drama, notably Mikhail Bakhtin’s idea of the carnivalesque, as well as Wolfgang Kayser’s psychoanalytic criticism. Yet if this tradition of the Shakespearean grotesque has problematized an idea of the human and of humanist values in literature, can this also be understood in posthuman terms? This paper proposes a reading of Kott’s criticism of the grotesque to suggest where it indicates a potential interrogation of the human and posthuman in Shakespeare, especially at points where the ideas of the grotesque or absurdity indicate other ideas of causation, agency or affect, such as the “grand mechanism” It will then argue for the continuing relevance of Kott’s work by examining a recent work of Shakespearean adaptation as appropriation, the 2016 novel Macbeth, Macbeth by Ewan Fernie and Simon Palfrey which attempts a provocative and transgressive retelling of Macbeth that imagines a ‘sequel’ to the play that emphasises ideas of violence and ethics. The paper argues that this creative intervention should be best understood as a continuation of Kott’s idea of the grotesque in Shakespeare, but from the vantage point of the twenty-first century in which the grotesque can be understood as the modification or even disappearance of the human. Overall, it is intended to show how the reconsideration of the grotesque may elaborate questions of being and subjectivity in our contemporary moment just as Kott’s study reflected his position in the Cold War.
Small Indigenous Fish (SIF): Status and Contributions in Nutrition and Livelihood Security of India: A Review
Authors: Sinha Archana , Gogoi Pranab , Damroy S.
Published: March 2022

The small indigenous fish (SIF), having length of about 25 cm is locally available in the small water resources viz. wetlands, canals, streams etc. and affordable to the poor people also. These are important food item as animal protein, vitamins and minerals sources in the diet of human beings. The objective of this review is to investigate the availability and importance of SIF in nutritional security and income generation of the community. Published and unpublished sources were used to obtain appropriate data. This study interprets actual availability of different species of SIFs, capture and culture resources, consumption pattern and marketing channels etc. A literature review was conducted to highlight the research attempt made to enhance the socio-economic condition of rural sector and as a result it offers important guidelines to popularize SIFs for nutritional security. In India a total of 765 native freshwater fish species documented, out of which about 450 are categorized as small indigenous fish species. The maximum diversity of the SIF’s has been recorded from the North East region followed by Western Ghat and Central India. Review indicates an ardent need of focused research efforts towards the development and conservation of these fishes before they become extinct.
Weed Management in Mulberry (Morus alba): A Review
Authors: Khare T.R. , Sobhana V. , Kalpana G.V.
Published: March 2022

Mulberry leaf is a sole food of silkworm Bombyx mori on which it feeds and produces silk called mulberry or mori silk. Due to its quality, mori silk has huge demand in national and international market and earns a valuable foreign exchange for the country. Weeds are of great menace as they interfere with production and quality of mulberry leaf and also add significant amount to the cost of cultivation. The factors which are congenial for heavy weed growth in mulberry are continuous mono-cropping, wider spacing coupled with regular application of manures and fertilizers after each crop harvest for maintenance of plantation. The reduction in production and quality of leaf has direct correlation with production of cocoons and quality silk. If losses due to weeds can be reduced by half from present level of 30-40%, leaf yield of mulberry will increase by 9-12 MT ha-1 year-1 which can be utilized to produce 55-73.5 kg ha-1 year-1 more raw silk to enhance the silk production of country. The effective weed control involves identification of weed flora, method of weed control and judicious combination of effective weed control methods. Depending upon soil type, agro climatic and ecological conditions, the nature and intensity of weed flora, their competitiveness varies. A total of 57-141 weed species belongs to 28-44 families have been reported in mulberry field across the country. Manual weeding in mulberry is an age old practice in India, but it is a tedious, expensive and time consuming. Black polyethylene mulching alone has been found economically advantageous over manual weeding in mulberry plantation. However no single method viz., manual weeding, cover crop intercropping, herbicide and mulching found effective in weed control as compared to integrated method of weed control. Spraying of pre-emergence and early post emergence herbicides keeps the mulberry plantation in weed free conditions during the early stages. At later stage, when second flush of weeds attains peak after 30 days of pruning, spraying of herbicide is not possible due to chance of residual toxicity to the silkworm. Integration of pre herbicide followed by manual weeding at later stage or integration of hand weeding after pruning followed by either cover crop intercropping or mulching may helps to reduce damage due to weed, prevent silkworm from residual toxicity of herbicide and reduces manual weeding cost to some extent. Hence a brief review was presented to find out the influence of different weed management method in mulberry.
Sensory and Functional Properties of Linum usitatissimum (Flaxseed) Incorporated Pulse based Ready to Cook (RTC) Health Mix for Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Katte Megha M. , Vijayalakshmi D.
Published: March 2022

Background: Scientific evidence supports therapeutic properties of flaxseed; however, a large sector of the population is still unaware of the associated benefits and its possible applications as usage in food prodcuts. Flaxseed is popularly known for its high alpha-linolenic acid content, but is also a source of lignan, fibre and protein that are biologically active in the prevention of some non-transmissible chronic diseases. Methods: Methodology involved in the study has focused on formulation of health mix by standardising the amount of flaxseed incorporated, sensory evaluation of the formulated product by semi-trained panel members, assessment of functional properties and analysis of macronutrient composition. Result: The developed health mix is a good source of protein (15 g per 100 g) and fiber (13 g per 100 g). Water soluble index of 5.23 per cent, swelling power 12.50 per cent and solubility index of 17.62 per cent was observed in the developed flour. Health mix containing 10 g of flaxseed per serving had best acceptance.
Estimation of Myelin Basic Protein Levels in Natural Cases of Canine Distemper Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Ranjithkumar M. , Dey S. , Saini M. , Singh R. , Saravanan M. , Sivakumar M.U.
Published: March 2022

Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV) affects both white and grey matter in the central nervous system (CNS). It causes demyelination of white matter tracts, which releases myelin basic protein (MBP) into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). MBP levels in CSF could therefore indirectly indicate the extent of white matter damage. The objective of this study was to determine MBP levels in the CSF of dogs infected with natural cases of neurologic distemper. Methods: In this study samples from healthy dogs, clinical cases of CDV and stray dogs from in and around the institute were collected for investigation. The infection of the CNS was established by estimating the albumin quotient and, for 16 cases, by histopathology. CSF biochemical parameters were analysed for 35 sero-positive clinical cases of neurologic distemper. MBP levels in samples were estimated by quantitative ELISA. Stray dogs (6 cases) were also screened for this purpose. Result: MBP levels in CSF were significantly (p≤0.05) increased in natural cases of distemper encephalomyelitis and stray dogs relative to controls. Three of the neurologic distemper cases clinically recovered despite high MBP levels, and two stray dogs also had higher MBP concentrations. High CSF MBP may therefore not be a useful marker for predicting the outcome of neurologic distemper.
Comparative Analysis of Milk Fatty Acids and Minerals of Indigenous vis-à-vis Crossbred Cattle and Buffaloes
Authors: Singh Akansha , Kumar Amit , Kumar Pushpendra , Dutt Narayan , Dige Mahesh S. , Verma Arun K. , Mishra B.P. , Dutt Triveni
Published: March 2022

Background: The information about milk quality of different breeds of cattle and buffalo is still scanty. The objective of the study was to the compare milk fatty acid composition and mineral concentration in the crossbred cattle and indigenous cattle and buffalo reared on same farm. Methods: This study was conducted on 187 individual milk samples, which includes 124 crossbred Vrindavani cattle, 19 indigenous cattle and 44 Murrah buffaloes. Result: The Murrah buffalo milk had significantly (P≤0.05) higher concentration of fat and saturated fatty acids than indigenous or crossbred cow’s milk. The mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents (C16:1, C20:2, C20:4n6 and C22:6N3) were significantly higher in indigenous cows compared to crossbreds and Murrah buffalo. The concentration of iron and zinc were significantly (P≤0.05) higher in indigenous cattle, whereas, the contents of Cu and Mn were higher in Murrah buffalo.
Character Association in Dolichos Bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] in Agro-climatic Zone of North Bihar
Authors: . Pramila , Kumar Udit , Tiwari R.K. , Prasad K. , Ghosh S. , Sinha B.M. , Yadav L.M. , Patel Vivek Kumar
Published: March 2022

Background: The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for all characters of dolichos bean genotypes was carried out separately. The analysis of variance, test of significance of variance components were conductedin accordance to the procedure as suggested by Panse and Sukhatme (1967). Correlation and path coefficient analysis were evaluated as per the formulation of Al-Jibouri et al. (1958) and Dewey and Lu (1959), respectively. Methods: Present investigation was conducted in two locations viz. Vegetable Research Farm, Pusa and Birauli, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Bihar during Rabi season in 2019-2020 and pooled data was analyzed. The entire experiment was conducted using fourteen genotypes of dolichos bean in RBD in three replications and fourteen yield attributing and morphological traits were studied. The performance of genotypes was evaluated on the basis of all fourteen characters. Best performing genotypes were screened based on their performance. Selection has been done for all characters which are positively and directly correlated with yield. Result: Among the fourteen genotypes it has been inferred that RAUDB-2 and RAUDB-7 had maximum pod yield. Therefore, they can replace the check variety Swarna Utkrist. The magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than phenotypic correlation for all the traits indicating inherent associations between various characters. The traits such as pod diameter, number of pods per plant and harvest duration positively correlated with pod yield.In present investigation the path analysis revealed pod length, days to 1st flowering, days to 50% flowering and number of seeds per pod exerted positive direct effect on pod yield.
Management of Gram Caterpillar, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) with Bt Formulation in Chickpea under Organic Conditions
Authors: Singh Subash , Dhkal Manmohan
Published: March 2022

Background: Chickpea is an important pulse crop and grown widely in the world. Similar to other crops it is vulnerable to a broad range of insect-pests. Mainly, the gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera severe pest being that causes huge losses to chickpea crop. Farmers generally rely on chemical measures for its management that leads to various problems viz. resistance development, pest resurgence and residue problem along with environmental degradation. Methods: During 2018-19 and 2019-20 microbial pesticide viz. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 0.5 WP (DOR Bt 1) was tested @ 1.5, 1.75 and 2.0 kg/ha for the management of gram caterpillar, Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea at Organic Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana. The application of spray was carried out, first at pod initiation and second 15 days thereafter. The observations were recorded on the larval population per meter plant row after 7 and 15 days of spray. The pod damage was recorded at the time of harvest wherein random samples of 200 pods per plot per replication were collected to observe the number of damaged pods. Result: On overall mean basis at 15 DAS, the lowest larval population was observed in DOR Bt-1 @ 2.0 kg/ha (1.19 larvae/ 5 plants) followed by 1.75 kg/ha (1.54 larvae/ metre plant row) and 1.5 kg/ha (1.79 larvae/metre plant row) as against highest larval count in untreated control (3.20/metre plant row) on chickpea. The DOR Bt-1 @ 2.0 kg/ha performed better due to highest pest reduction (62.81%) than its lower dosages DOR Bt-1 @ 1.75 kg/ha (51.88%) and DOR Bt-1 @ 1.5 kg/ha (44.06%) at 15 DAS. Also, DOR Bt-1 @ 2.0 kg/ha recorded highest pod damage reduction (76.14%) over its lower dosages, i.e., DOR Bt-1 @ 1.75 kg/ha (54.18%) and DOR Bt-1 @ 1.5 kg/ha (38.24%). DOR Bt-1 @ 2.00 kg/ha (1275 kg/ha) was better due to highest yield compared to its lower dosages and the untreated control, where there was lower yield.
Productivity, Profitability and Nutrient Status of Soil as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management in Chickpea-fodder Maize Cropping Sequence
Authors: Patel H.A. , Thanki J.D.
Published: March 2022

Background: Cropping system approach has gained importance in agriculture and relative enterprises. In agriculture, management practices are usually formulated for individual crops. However, farmers are cultivating different crops in different seasons based on their adaptability to a particular season, domestic needs and profitability, therefore production technologies should be developed keeping in view of crops grown in a sequence in a year or more than one year depending on the crop duration. The current study aims in application of biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers which are essential to raise the crop yield. Rhizobium has an enormous potential to fix atmospheric nitrogen. PSB solubilize the unavailable bound phosphates of the soil and make them available to plants which increase overall plant growth resulting in 10 to 15% increase in yield. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at College Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari. The treatment consisted of five treatment of integrated nutrient management to chickpea in rabi season as main plot treatments replicated four times in randomized block design. During summer season each main plot treatment was split into four sub plot treatments with different levels of RDF to fodder maize resulting in twenty treatment combinations replicated four times in split plot design. Result: Application of 100% RDF+Rhizobium+PSB (T3) to chickpea recorded significantly higher almost all the growth attributes, yield attributes and yield, nutrient uptake, protein content and yield as well as available nutrient status in soil being remained at par with 100% RDF (T1) and 75% RDF+Rhizobium+PSB (T4). while economics was remarkably improved due to inorganic fertilizers as well as combination of inorganic fertilizers with Rhizobium+PSB to chickpea and 100% RDF (S1) to summer fodder maize significantly highest all growth and yield attributes, available nutrient status of soil and economics.
Intercultural communicative competence in foreign language learning
Authors: Araujo Portugal Juan Carlos
Published: March 2022

The importance of teaching both language and culture inseparably are widely acknowledged by both instructors and students. As a result, new concepts such as intercultural communicative competence have emerged. This means that this new skill has to be promoted and fostered so that students can develop it and interact with other people effectively in a more culturally diverse setting. This paper aims to analyse the role of this new competence in foreign language learning, which is characteristic of 21st-century citizens. The study, therefore, conducts a literature review. In this process, teachers, and to a lesser extent coursebook, play a paramount role. Even though all the agents involved in the teaching-learning process value its importance, there are some factors such as a lack of appropriate training on the part of teachers, inadequate content and materials contained mainly in coursebooks, and effective ways of assessment, which prevent the development of this new 21st-century skill.
 
Keywords: Awareness; culture; development; intercultural communicative competence; interculturality
FEM ANALYSIS OF WOODEN JOINTS AND WOODEN STRUCTURE OF THE ELECTRIC CAR’S FRAME
Authors:   Department of Engineering Processes Automation, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland, Żur Alicja , Żur Paweł ,   Department of Engineering Processes Automation, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland, Baier Andrzej ,   Prof. PŚ, Department of Engineering Processes Automation, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Published: March 2022

The paper covers the topic of FEM analysis (Finite Element Method) of selected types of wood joints and the analysis of the wooden structure, the electric car in the electric car of the frame of the Silesian Greenpower team. The main assumption of the work was to analyze the displacements and stresses in the structure of the frame that result from the actual load on the structure. Selected wooden joints were analyzed in FEM analysis. The paper also presents various techniques for modelling connections between elements, such as connection by nail or screw, cohesive contact, or the MPC beam element considering three different materials: oak, pine, and plywood. The aim of the study and the final stage was the FEM analysis of the wooden structure, the car frame. The actual support points for the frame and the actual loads on the structure resulting from the mass of components such as the driver, batteries, and motor were taken into account. The distribution and values of stresses in the structure were analysed, as well as the total displacements resulting from the loading of the mass elements, as well as the centrifugal force acting on the car during driving in a corner.
INNOVATION AND CHANGES IN THE DIDACTIC SPACE
Authors:   Ph.D., Candidate, Architecture, Built Environment, and Construction Engineering Department (ABC), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy, Martinazzo Francesco
Published: March 2022

In Italy, the theme of the school, and more generally of education in the broadest sense, already in turmoil before the epidemic, seems to be exploding today in all its urgency, both because of the instances - above all pedagogical - of transformation brought by the pandemic itself (which from this point of view has acted as a catalyst), and because of the uncertain consequences of a building heritage that now largely needs to be restored, because it is architecturally and technologically inadequate. This has led to the structuring of a literature review that takes into account two main time spans: on the one hand, that of the 1960s-1970s (often called "the golden age of school"), investigated through the international architectural journals of that period, where the typology-technology problem emerges strongly; on the other hand, the selection (through Scopus, WoS, etc.) of current or recent studies and pedagogical experiences related to new technologies. The criterion for the choice of case studies is therefore based on their propulsive potential in relation to today's transformation needs, seeking to consider the school as an organism and not merely as a set of functional parts (as much current literature does).