bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estructura básica de una página web para apoyo psicológico a adolescentes cuyos padres tienen cáncer
Authors: Hellmüller Jacqueline , Blasco Blasco Tomás
Published: April 2019

Cuando un padre o una madre enferma de cáncer, a los hijos les afecta el diagnóstico, siendo los adolescentes el grupo más vulnerable a sufrir las consecuencias. Éstos consideran que sus necesidades son poco escuchadas. Por lo tanto se propone crear los elementos de una página web de apoyo psicológico para adolescentes con padres con cáncer. A partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas con adolescentes, padres afectados, y psicooncólogas, y de la comparación de estos datos con los provenientes de la literatura, hemos llegado a la conclusión de que la página web debería incluir tres elementos fundamentales: información, asesoramiento para el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento, y posibilidad de interactuar con otros adolescentes en la misma situación y también con profesionales. Es también muy necesario que la página web no sea iatrogénica por lo que se propone un sistema de filtros que permitan dirigir al adolescente a los contenidos adecuados para su situación, evitando, en la medida de lo posible, que realice interpretaciones y desarrolle expectativas erróneas que puedan generarle confusión o malestar.
New trends in botulinum toxin use in dermatology
Authors: Guida Stefania , Farnetani Francesca , Nisticò Steven , Giorgio Mariarosaria Caterina , Babino Graziella , Pellacani Giovanni , Fulgione Elisabetta
Published: April 2019

Background: Recent studies have highlighted new botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) applications in the field of dermatology. Objective: To review current knowledge of BoNT use in dermatology. Methods: The literature of the last 5 years has been reviewed. Results: We describe interesting protocols of BoNT treatment for hyperhidrosis (HH), hypertrophic scars and keloids, Raynaud phenomenon, facial flushing, oily skin, psoriasis, Hailey-Hailey disease, and cutaneous lesions like painful lesions and periorbital syringomas. Conclusions: Several skin conditions eligible for BoNT treatment have been described. After the wide application for HH treatment, scars as well as vascular and inflammatory skin disorders, oily skin and cutaneous lesions represent fields of application of BoNT.
Anastomosing Hemangioma: Short Review of a Benign Mimicker of Angiosarcoma
Authors: Lappa Eleni , Drakos Elias
Published: April 2019

Anastomosing hemangioma is a rare neoplastic vascular lesion, histologically mimicking angiosarcoma. It is predominantly composed of irregularly anastomosing sinusoidal-like spaces lined by endothelial cells with minimal atypia, a frequently hobnail morphology, and minimally invasive margins. Since its original description in the genitourinary system, an increasing number of anastomosing hemangiomas have been reported, localized deep in the body in various organs, always with similar histologic features. It is more frequently asymptomatic, often discovered incidentally by imaging studies, owing to coexisting benign or malignant tumors. In renal cases, the most frequent clinical context is end-stage renal disease. There is overwhelming evidence of the benign nature of the lesion and an accurate diagnosis could prevent overtreatment. The differential diagnosis includes other benign vascular tumors, well-differentiated angiosarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and other vascular-rich neoplasms. We review the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of this peculiar lesion with an emphasis on the differential diagnosis.
A hibrid approach in first course of statistics
Authors: Morales Arsenal Roberto
Published: April 2019

At the moment an intense debate is taking place on the form in which we teach in the classrooms in the different educational levels facing two conceptions: the traditional one against the innovative one. The debate about what and how to teach takes on special relevance when we teach quantitative subjects in careers with a nonquantitative profile such as Business Administration degree and with academic curricula that have gone from five to four years. Additionally, we must also add that the current student arrive at university with new psycho-social characteristics make the traditional tools available to us obsolete, this inevitably means that we have to adapt to the new framework. For this, we propose a design of the classes based on a combination of: 1) a set of traditional strategies and materials, 2) a set of multimedia tools 3) a set of learning techniques based on the concepts of neuroscience (neuroeducation) and finally 4) the implementation of flipped classroom. The empirical results show: with regard to students: 1) better average grade, 2) lower variability grades and professors received better general assessments at the end of the course about thedynamics of the class.
Gamificación en el aula de matemáticas
Authors: Yélamos Moya María Dolores
Published: April 2019

En este trabajo se estudiará la técnica de gamificación aplicada a la educación, donde se pretende modificar el comportamiento del alumnado mediante las técnicas propias de los juegos. El trabajo se dividirá en las siguientes partes:‐ Una introducción del concepto de gamificación.‐ Propuesta del sistema gamificado, donde aplicaremos las herramientas de la gamificación a la enseñanza de matemáticas en 2º ESO con el tema de“Áreasy volúmenes” respetando la metodología y el sistema de evaluación que ya estaban fijados en la programación de la asignatura. Para el diseño de este sistema gamificado, se han considerado los gustos del alumnado y se ha cogido como base la serie de dibujos animados Dragon Ball y diferentes personajes que están dentro de sus intereses, hobbies, etc.En este sistema gamificado se ha diseñado: contexto del juego, avatares, niveles, medallas, recompensas, retos o misiones y puntos, clasificaciones y el cálculo de la nota en función del número de puntos que consigan.‐ Explicación de la parte del sistema gamificado llevado a cabo durante el periodo de prácticas. Esta parte consta de un concurso, donde los alumnos/as tendrán que competir por equipos para ganar. Finalmente se dará a conocer algunas de las opiniones del alumnado.‐ Conclusiones obtenidas.
Experiencias Docentes en Álgebra Lineal con MAXIMA: Ponte en el lugar del profesor
Authors: Estrada Beatriz
Published: April 2019

Desde la aparición del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior y las nuevas titulaciones de Grados, se recogen en las memorias de estos títulos multitud de competencias relacionadas con las TIC y con la capacidad de comunicación que deben desarrollar los estudiantes. Los docentes, por tanto, debemos promover de algún modo actividades que exijan a los estudiantes desarrollar esas competencias en paralelo al estudio de los contenidos académicos propios de cada asignatura. Y viceversa, podemos aprovechar el uso de actividades relacionadas con las TIC, como en este caso se hace con el potencial de una herramienta de cálculo simbólico, para profundizar en los conceptos abordándolos desde puntos de vista distintos al usual, desde un punto de vista más orientado a la investigación y la experimentación.En este sentido, se expone una experiencia docente en la que se ha perseguido este propósito. En concreto, se trata de actividades que implican el uso del programa de cálculo simbólico Maxima en el contexto de estudio del Álgebra Lineal.
NeoTrie VR: Nueva geometría en realidad virtual
Authors: Cangas Moldes Diego , Crespo Casteleiro David , Rodriguez Blancas Jose Luis , Zarauz Moreno Antonio
Published: April 2019

"NeoTrie VR" es un software que permite crear, manipular e interactuar con objetos geométricos y modelos 3D en general, dentro de un escenario de realidad virtual.Su sencillez y facilidad de manejo dota al profesorado de una nueva herramienta de trabajo, que además del estudio de la geometría de manera novedosa, intuitiva y divertida, promueve la creatividad e interacción entre el alumnado.
Reconsidering the “MR Unsafe” breast tissue expander with magnetic infusion port: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dibbs Rami , Culo Bozena , Tandon Ravi , Hilaire Hugo St. , Shellock Frank G. , Lau Frank H.
Published: April 2019

Breast tissue expanders (TEs) with magnetic infusion ports are labeled “MR Unsafe.” Therefore, patients with these implants are typically prevented from undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report a patient with a total submuscular breast TE who inadvertently underwent an MRI exam. She subsequently developed expander exposure, requiring explantation and autologous reconstruction. The safety profile of TEs with magnetic ports and the use of MRI in patients with these implants is surprisingly controversial. Therefore, we present our case report, a systematic literature review, and propose procedural guidelines to help ensure the safety of patients with TEs with magnetic ports that need to undergo MRI exams.
Factors Influencing Household Food Security Among Irrigation Smallholders in North West Nigeria
Authors: Adeniyi Daniel Adeoluwa , Dinbabo Mulugeta F.
Published: April 2019

Motivation: Food insecurity remains a continuing global challenge in most parts of the developing world, including Nigeria. While considerable resources have been devoted to tackling the menace owing to its negative impacts on health and well-being, progress is rather slow and uneven across regions and countries. Indeed, much is yet to be explored on the conditions that result in food insecurity. The paper investigates household food security and the socio-economic factors that determine it among smallholders in the Middle Rima Valley Irrigation Project, Sokoto State, Nigeria.Novelty: The combination of both the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) and Food Consumption Score (FCS) to measure food security and the regression of these variables against socio-economic characteristics of smallholder households represent an innovative way of assessing the effect of socio-economic characteristics on food security status of smallholder households which has scarcely been done in literature.Methodology and Methods: Quantitative data were successfully collected from 306 randomly selected households using a well-structured questionnaire. The HDDS and FCS were used to assess household food security level, and multivariate regression was used to examine factors associated with food security.Data and Empirical Analysis: Results indicate that at least 45% of the households were food insecure. The relationship between HDDS and FCS was found to be moderate, but positive and statistically significant. This thus validates the food insecurity phenomenon in the study area. Food insecurity is influenced by household income, education, training, farming experience, livestock ownership, and farm size. The latter however emerged as the most significant factor influencing food security of smallholder households.Policy Considerations: Targeted interventions are recommended in the areas of social protection initiatives, human capacity development through farmer training, and market access. The latter is imperative as smallholders may lack the motivation to increase production in an era of inadequate access to market. Furthermore, there is also the need to improve infrastructure to enhance access to market, encourage sustainable intensification and provide access to credit facilities for increased cultivation.
A Systematic Review of Clinical Decision Support Systems for Clinical Oncology Practice
Authors: Pawloski Pamala A. , Brooks Gabriel A. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Olson-Bullis Barbara A.
Published: April 2019

Background: Electronic health records are central to cancer care delivery. Electronic clinical decision support (CDS) systems can potentially improve cancer care quality and safety. However, little is known regarding the use of CDS systems in clinical oncology and their impact on patient outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed studies was performed to evaluate clinically relevant outcomes related to the use of CDS tools for the diagnosis, treatment, and supportive care of patients with cancer. Peer-reviewed studies published from 1995 through 2016 were included if they assessed clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), costs, or care delivery process measures. Results: Electronic database searches yielded 2,439 potentially eligible papers, with 24 studies included after final review. Most studies used an uncontrolled, pre-post intervention design. A total of 23 studies reported improvement in key study outcomes with use of oncology CDS systems, and 12 studies assessing the systems for computerized chemotherapy order entry demonstrated reductions in prescribing error rates, medication-related safety events, and workflow interruptions. The remaining studies examined oncology clinical pathways, guideline adherence, systems for collection and communication of PROs, and prescriber alerts. Conclusions: There is a paucity of data evaluating clinically relevant outcomes of CDS system implementation in oncology care. Currently available data suggest that these systems can have a positive impact on the quality of cancer care delivery. However, there is a critical need to rigorously evaluate CDS systems in oncology to better understand how they can be implemented to improve patient outcomes.
Guidelines Insights: Hepatobiliary Cancers, Version 2.2019
Authors: Benson Al B. , D’Angelica Michael I. , Abbott Daniel E. , Abrams Thomas A. , Alberts Steven R. , Anaya Daniel A. , Anders Robert , Are Chandrakanth , Brown Daniel , Chang Daniel T. , Cloyd Jordan , Covey Anne M. , Hawkins William , Iyer Renuka , Jacob Rojymon , Karachristos Andreas , Kelley R. Kate , Kim Robin , Palta Manisha , Park James O. , Sahai Vaibhav , Schefter Tracey , Sicklick Jason K. , Singh Gagandeep , Sohal Davendra , Stein Stacey , Tian G. Gary , Vauthey Jean-Nicolas , Venook Alan P. , Hammond Lydia J. , Darlow Susan D.
Published: April 2019

The NCCN Guidelines for Hepatobiliary Cancers provide treatment recommendations for cancers of the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. The NCCN Hepatobiliary Cancers Panel meets at least annually to review comments from reviewers within their institutions, examine relevant new data from publications and abstracts, and reevaluate and update their recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel’s discussion and updated recommendations regarding systemic therapy for first-line and subsequent-line treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
EFFECT OF MASS TRANSFER OF SYSTEMS Mn(Fe,Co)Mo(W)O4–Na2CO3 AND ENVIRONMENT AND NEED FOR HIS ACCOUNT WHEN IDENTIFYING MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES OF MULTIVALENT d-ELEMENTS, Mn, Fe, Co, ON BASIS OF THERMOGRAVIMETRIC DATA
Authors: Shurdumov Gazali K. , Cherkesov Zaur A. , Mokaeva Laura I.
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the experimental and calculated data for study of exchange reactions in the systems Mn(Fe,Co)Mo(W)O4–Na2CO3 with methods of thermodynamics, thermogravimetry, kinetics topochemically reactions and stoichiometry, analysis and synthesis which led to the identification of the effect of mass transfer between the system and the environment – a phenomenon characteristic of molybdates (tungstates) polyvalent d-elements (Mn,Fe,Co) in contrast to similar derivatives of d-elements (Ni, Zn, Cd, Ag) with constant valency. It identified the genesis and the mechanism of manifestation of this phenomenon, which, as shown by theoretical analysis and experimental data, due to polivalentes Mn (Fe,Co) and hence the possibility of occurrence in the systems Mn(Fe,Co)Mo(W)O4–Na2CO3 exchange reactions of Mn(Fe, Co)Mo(W)O4+Na2CO3→ →Mn(Fe,Co)CO3+Na2Mo(W)O4, dissociation of Mn(Fe,Co)CO3=Mn(Fe,Co)O+CO2 and redox Mn(Fe,Co)O+1/2О2→Mnx(Feх,Cox)Oy where y=x+1/2О2, leading to the loss of CO2 and the conversion of Mn(Fe,Co)O – degradation products of Mn(Fe,Co)CO3 at the expense of the oxygen of environment to the oxide type-Mnx(Feх,Cox)Oy, the composition of which is determined by the process temperature. It is established that the above reactions form the basis of the unique phenomenon in solid state chemistry of molibdates (wolframates) of polyvalent d-elements discovered for the first time, in the opinion of the authors. This phenomenon is associated with the proceeding of Mn(Fe,Co)Mo(W)O4–Na2CO3 processes in their heat treatment. It is shown that successive thermal dissociation reactions of Mn(Fe,Co)CO3 lead to their loss of CO2 (mass reduction) and oxidation of the formed Mn(Fe,Co)O by air oxygen to Mnх(Feх,Coх)Oу=x+1/2О2 (mass growth): CO2 donor systems and O2 acceptors, and the medium (air) – O2 donor and CO2 acceptor. The proposed methodology is a reasonable choice of the reaction from the expected, the occurrence of which is absolutely reliable in given physicochemical conditions.
SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF 3,5-DIAMINO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLIUM TETRACHLORO-GALLATE
Authors: Kudayarova Tatyana V. , Danilova Elena A. , Piteva Yuliya A. , Mochalina Kristina E. , Dmitriev Maxim V.
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the synthesis and structure of a complex compound based on 3,5-diamino-1H-1,2,4-triazole (guanazole) with gallium ions, formed by the interaction of anhydrous gallium (III) chloride and guanazole in dried methanol. After distilling off the solvent under vacuum, the resulting product was washed with hexane, acetone. The target compound was extracted with acetonitrile, and slow evaporation of the latter at room temperature for three days resulted in beige-colored crystals, which were characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, mass-spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analysis. The complex composition of gallate, C2H6N5+∙[GaCl4], exists as two crystallographically independent cations and two anions. The complex compound crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group of the monoclinic syngony. The tetrachlorogallate anion is a slightly distorted tetrahedron, which is typical of structures of this type. 1,2,4-triazolium cations are selectively protonated on the N4 and N4A atoms, however, the site of the preferential localization of the positive charge is the N2 and N2A atoms. In addition to the electrostatic interaction of oppositely charged ions, a developed system of hydrogen bonds plays an important role in the stabilization of the crystal packing: almost all hydrogen and chlorine atoms are involved in its formation. Each of the crystallographically independent cations forms a centrosymmetric dimer due to the intermolecular hydrogen bond N2 – H2···N3 and N2A – H2A···N3A.  A full set of X-ray data is deposited into the Cambridge Structural Database of Compounds - the Cambridge Structural Database (Contributor CCDC 1894815) and it can be gotten from the site www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif.
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURES ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF CZECH FLECKVIEH COWS
Authors: Večeřa M. , Falta D. , Chládek G.
Published: April 2019

A group of 98 Czech Fleckvieh cows (one section) was observed over the period of one year with the aim to determine the variation in their milk performance and behaviour at cowshed different cowshed temperatures. Behaviour were recorded once a week (on the same day) at 10:00. Periods of 8 weeks with the highest temperature (hot period – H) and of 8 weeks with the lowest temperature (cold period – L) were then compared. The cows were housed in one section (1/4 of the total capacity) of the free-cubicle shed and where the cubicles were distributed into three rows. Row A (32 cubicles) was close to the feeding plateau, row B (33 cubicles) was in the centre and row C (38 cubicles) was peripheral, close to the side wall. The cowshed temperature was monitored on a daily basis and the mean temperature was 23.2 °C in the hot period and -1.7°C in the cold period, relative humidity 60.2 % (H) and 74.6 % (L) and THI 69.4 (H) and 33.4 (L). The behaviour of the cows was recorded 1568 times, showing them mostly lying down (1037) or standing (531). The cows tended to prefer lying down on their left sides (594 observations) as opposed to their right sides (443).
SYSTEM OF ACTIVE STABLING FOR HORSES
Authors: Zejdová P.
Published: April 2019

Horses are animals, which are naturally accustomed to all day movement and grazing with their herd. But the typical modern stabling of horses usually looks like so that a horse is 23 hours per day in a box alone. The welfare of horses is very bad in such case, but it is very comfortable for its keepers. Now, a new technology is available on market presenting a compromise for both sides - for the horses and for the human. 'System of active stabling' allows the horses to move freely in paddock and stable area. Each horse has a chip which communicates with the sensors placed on the requisite point and it also sends information to the operating computer. Feeding is done by feeding stations, in which a number and composition of the feed can be set for each individual animal. Thus, breeder has always a review available of how much his horse walked or how much of feed ate. And he has the option to direct horse choice, too.
From Common Meal via Acéphale to Unsacrificeable
Authors: Harbaš Bernard
Published: April 2019

In this article, the author introduces several approaches to the conceptof sacrifice. It begins with the classic sociological approach ofÉmile Durkheim who in sacrifice remarks forming, strengtheningand maintaining of a community. In his anthropological conception,Georges Bataille demonstrates that the production and accumulationof wealth are wrong moral principles and suggests a new moralpractice of giving oneself without asking anything in return, whichrepresents the only way to realize a society of equals. Such a society,in which there would be no leader or a singular sovereignty, he callsAcéphale. For Jean-Luc Nancy, sacrifice is impossible. Starting from astandpoint that the Being is nothing and that there is nothing exceptthis worldly plurality, Nancy considers sacrifice impossible since thereis no higher principle for which the sacrifice would be performed. Besidethe standpoints of the above-mentioned theoreticians, this articlealso offers a theory of discipline and sacrifice for achieving a sociallyexpected perfect appearance. In all the mentioned theories, non-classicdimension of sacrifice is demonstrated. In them sacrifice is performedas activity for achieving social unity, greater equality, sociallyexpected appearance and it is also presented as something impossible.
Kvalitet porodičnog života na severu Kosova i Metohije
Authors: Milivojević Snežana
Published: April 2019

U radu se analizira porodični i svakodnevni život dve nuklearne srpskeporodice koje žive na teritoriji opštine Severna Kosovska Mitrovica.Reč je o porodicama radnika i sitnih preduzetnika, a prema mestuživljenja jedna porodica je gradska a druga seoska. Cilj rada je da semetodom kvalitativne analize - studije slučaja i dubinskog intervjuasagledaju uzajamne zavisnosti između kvaliteta porodičnih odnosa,materijalnog i stambenog standarda sa celokupnim kvalitetom življenjana ovom području.
O negativnoj globalizaciji – Zigmunt Bauman
Authors: Kovačević Braco
Published: April 2019

Vrijednosni teorijski odnos prema globalizaciji je dijametralno suprotan– pozitivan ili negativan. Apologete neoliberalne globalizacije nastoje daistaknu njene pozitivne karakteristike, dok njeni kritičari ističu čitav niznegativnih karakteristika. Ovoj drugoj teorijskoj orijentaciji pripada iZigmunt Bauman (Zygmunt Bauman). Njegov odnos prema globalizacijije izrazito negativan: u sebi i sobom globalizacija nosi veći broj negativnihrizika od kojih je najteži onaj koji vodi mogućem samouništenjučovječanstva.Zato decidno i ističe da, ukoliko ne razvijemo percepcijuplanetarne odgovornosti i sposobnost predviđanja budućnosti, kataklizmaje sasvim izvjesna i realna.
The adipokinetic hormones and their cognate receptor from the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria: solution structure of agonists and model of their binding to the receptor
Authors: Jackson Graham Ellis , Pavadai Elumalai , Gäde Gerd , Andersen Neils
Published: April 2019

Background. Neuropeptides exert their activity through binding to G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs are well-known drug targets in the pharmaceutical industry and are currently discussed as targets to control pest insects. Here we investigate the neuropeptide adipokinetic hormone (AKH) system of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. The desert locust is known for its high reproduction, and for forming devastating swarms consisting of billions of individual insects. It is also known that S. gregaria produces three different AKHs as ligands but has only one AKH receptor. The AKH system is known to be essential for metabolic regulation, which is necessary for reproduction and flight activity.

Methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques (NMR) in a dodecylphosphocholin (DPC) micelle solution were used to determine the structure of the three AKHs. The primary sequence of the S. gregaria AKH receptor (AKHR) was used to construct a 3D molecular model. Next, the 3 AKHs were individually docked to the receptor, and dynamic simulation of the whole ligand-receptor complex in a model membrane was performed.

Results. Although the three endogenous AKHs of S. gregaria have quite different amino acids sequences and chain length (two octa- and one decapeptide), NMR experiments assigned a turn structure in DPC micelle solution for all. The GPCR-ModSim program identified human kappa opioid receptor (hk-OR) to be the best template after which the S. gregaria AKHR was modeled. All three AKHs were found to have the same binding site on this receptor, interact with similar residues of the receptor and have comparable binding constants. Molecular switches were also identified; the movement of the receptor could be visually shown when ligands (AKHs) were docked and the receptor was activated.

Conclusions. The study proposes a model of binding of the three endogenous ligands to the one existing AKH receptor in the desert locust and paves the way to use such a model for the design of peptide analogs and finally, peptide mimetics, in the search for novel species-specific insecticides based on receptor-ligand interaction.
Elaborate mechanism for the synthesis of lipopolysaccharide points to its functional importance in Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: April 2019

Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica possess two phospholipid bilayer membranes in the cell envelope. Known as the inner and outer membrane, proteins encased in the outer membrane as well as surface moieties displayed by the membrane play important roles in host-cell recognition, cell-cell interactions and triggering of immune response in host. One such molecule that partakes in triggering immune responses in human is lipopolysaccharides that constitute the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Specifically, recent research has added new details and mechanisms for the elaborate choreographed enzymatic reactions that synthesize lipopolysaccharides. In particular, lipopolysaccharides are synthesized in the inner membrane and transported to the outer membrane through a dedicated protein channel formed by proteins of the same lipopolysaccharide synthesis pathway. In short, significant amount of proteins and cellular resources are expended in the synthesis and transport of lipopolysaccharides which suggests important evolutionary significance and functionality of the molecule. Specifically, evolutionary significance of lipopolysaccharide can be gleaned from the organisation of the pathway that mediate its synthesis, where dedicated channels are constructed from proteins to help the unidirectional transfer of the molecule from the inner to outer membrane. Such dedicated channels are not of high occurrence in cells, which suggests critical functional importance of lipopolysaccharides to Gram-negative bacteria. Perhaps, signalling mechanisms responsible for cell-cell interactions are mediated by lipopolysaccharides, or the molecule might play important roles in cellular recognition between different bacterial species in community assemblage such as biofilm. Collectively, mechanistic studies aimed at understanding the formation of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria has opened our eyes to the elaborate mechanism by which lipopolysaccharides on the outer leaflet of the outer membrane are synthesized. Comprising a synthetic machinery and a dedicated protein channel for transporting the synthesized lipopolysaccharides from the inner to outer membrane, a dedicated pathway of proteins mediates the synthesis of this molecule; thereby, pointing to its functional importance to the bacterial cell. While lipopolysaccharides are known to trigger immune responses in humans, its potential broader role in cell-cell communications such as those important for maintaining organisation and community structure in biofilm communities remain unappreciated. Overall, given the significant amount of energy and cellular resources dedicated to its synthesis, lipopolysaccharides should have broader functional roles and might partake in many as-yet unknown signalling and metabolic activities at the cellular and community level.
A generally conserved response to hypoxia in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from humans and chimpanzees
Authors: Ward Michelle C , Gilad Yoav
Published: April 2019

Despite anatomical similarities, there are differences in susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD) between primates; humans are prone to myocardial ischemia, while chimpanzees are prone to myocardial fibrosis. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) allow for direct inter-species comparisons of the gene regulatory response to CVD-relevant perturbations such as oxygen deprivation, a consequence of ischemia. To gain insight into the evolution of disease susceptibility, we characterized gene expression levels in iPSC-CMs in humans and chimpanzees, before and after hypoxia and re-oxygenation. The transcriptional response to hypoxia is generally conserved across species, yet we were able to identify hundreds of species-specific regulatory responses including in genes previously associated with CVD. The 1,920 genes that respond to hypoxia in both species are enriched for loss-of-function intolerant genes; but are depleted for expression quantitative trait loci and cardiovascular-related genes. Our results indicate that response to hypoxic stress is highly conserved in humans and chimpanzees.
Single-cell lineage tracing by endogenous mutations enriched in transposase accessible mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Xu Jin , Nuno Kevin , Litzenburger Ulrike M , Qi Yanyan , Corces M Ryan , Majeti Ravindra , Chang Howard Y
Published: April 2019

Simultaneous measurement of cell lineage and cell fates is a longstanding goal in biomedicine. Here we describe EMBLEM, a strategy to track cell lineage using endogenous mitochondrial DNA variants in ATAC-seq data. We show that somatic mutations in mitochondrial DNA can reconstruct cell lineage relationships at single cell resolution with high sensitivity and specificity. Using EMBLEM, we define the genetic and epigenomic clonal evolution of hematopoietic stem cells and their progenies in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. EMBLEM extends lineage tracing to any eukaryotic organism without genetic engineering.
Introduction
Authors: Passalis Haralampos
Published: April 2019

The seventh issue of Incantatio continues the publication of research papers presented at the 9th conference of the Charms, Charmers and Charming Committee of the ISFNR, which was held at University College Cork (May 6th-7th, 2016), that began in our sixth issue, but it also contains additional research articles as well as reviews of important recent charms studies.
Temporal variability in zooplankton community in the western Yellow Sea and its possible links to green tides
Authors: Wang Weicheng , Zhang Guangtao , Sun Xiaoxia , Zhang Fang , Zhang Xing
Published: April 2019

Large-scale macro-algal blooms ofUlva prolifera(also called green tides) have appeared each summer since 2008 in the western Yellow Sea. In this study, we investigated the temporal variability in zooplankton community in the western Yellow Sea and its possible links to green tides using data from a long-term plankton survey off the coast of Qingdao, China. Environmental conditions observed in the study area during the green tide period (GTP: June–August, 2008–2013) were compared to the non-green tide period (NGTP: June–August, 2005–2007), to support the contention that variations observed in zooplankton community may be attributed to the green tides, as opposed to natural climatic or environmental variations. Zooplankton assemblage structure observed during the GTP was then compared to the NGTP. Significant variations were detected both in zooplankton abundance and assemblage structure between the two defined periods. The abundance of zooplankton, mainly copepods, was significantly decreased during the GTP. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of copepods decreased by approximately 10% and that of gelatinous zooplankton, including appendicularians, chaetognaths, and medusae, almost doubled (ca. increased by 6.4%). The dominant species of meroplankton completely changed, specifically, polychaeta, and echinoderm larvae were more dominant than decapod and bivalve larvae. With regard to zooplankton size structure, the NGTP showed a higher size diversity with more small-sized organisms, while the GTP showed a lower size diversity in the community. According to general linear models, the interannual variation in summer zooplankton abundance was significantly correlated with green tides. These results indicate that the temporal changes in zooplankton community may have a close link to the green tides.
Ozymandias: a biodiversity knowledge graph
Authors: Page Roderic D.M.
Published: April 2019

Enormous quantities of biodiversity data are being made available online, but much of this data remains isolated in silos. One approach to breaking these silos is to map local, often database-specific identifiers to shared global identifiers. This mapping can then be used to construct a knowledge graph, where entities such as taxa, publications, people, places, specimens, sequences, and institutions are all part of a single, shared knowledge space. Motivated by the 2018 GBIF Ebbe Nielsen Challenge I explore the feasibility of constructing a “biodiversity knowledge graph” for the Australian fauna. The data cleaning and reconciliation steps involved in constructing the knowledge graph are described in detail. Examples are given of its application to understanding changes in patterns of taxonomic publication over time. A web interface to the knowledge graph (called “Ozymandias”) is available at https://ozymandias-demo.herokuapp.com.
Fad Diet
Authors: Omar Mariam , Nouh Faiza , Younis Manal , Younis Moftah , Nabil Nesma , Elamshity Bushra , Ahmad Hajar , Elhadad Ibraheem , Elmagri Abdelraouf
Published: April 2019

This paper reviewed the common types of fad diets. Fad diets have an effective role in promoting weight loss, beneficial effects on body composition. Fad diets may protect against the development of obesity and related chronic diseases such as type two diabetes and coronary heart disease. Fad diets work simply because they restrict calorie intake, showing that the most important dietary concept of weight loss and maintenance is a decrease in caloric intake. Based on the contemporary studies on fad diets, the future concept for successful weight loss could run on the concept of energy density, which refers to the amount of energy in a given weight of food.
In vitro Antimicrobial and Antifungal Efficacy of Ethanol Crude Stem Bark Extract of Boswella dalzielle
Authors: Ogbu K. I. , Chukwudi I. C. , Ijomanta O. J. , Agwu E. O. , Chinonye C. N. , Kespo K. B.
Published: April 2019

The efficacy of  Boswellia  dalzielii (Frankincense)  stem bark extract on some bacterial and fungal organisms was evaluated for its in-vitro antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus   pyogenes,   Escherichia   coli,  Salmonella   gallinarium,   Aspergillus fumigatus  and  Candida  albicans.  The research  work was carried  out in Biochemistry  and Microbiology Laboratories of Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National  Veterinary  Research  Institute,  Vom.  Well  diffusion  method  was  carried  out  on nutrient agar. MIC, MBC and MFC of the test organisms were carried out on nutrient broth. The phytochemistry revealed the presence of saponin, tannin, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids,  terpens  and  phenol  in ethanol  extracts  while  resin,  alkaloid  and  glycosides  were absent in hot water extracts. Alkaloid was also absent in ethanolic extract. The aqueous extract of the plant exhibited neither antibacterial nor antifungal effects against all test organisms used in the study while the ethanolic extract of the plant showed both antibacterial and antifungal effects on the study organisms. The  results  of this  study also showed  that  the  ethanolic  extract  of Boswellia  dalzielii  stem  bark has activity  against  all bacteria species used in the study (broad spectrum activity). For gram-negative and positive bacteria, Salmonella  gallinarium  and Staphylococcus  aureus were the most sensitive  while Escherichia  coli and Streptococcus pyogenes were the least respectively.  Candida albicans was more sensitive than Aspergillus fumigatus. It was concluded that the test organisms were susceptible to ethanol extracts of the plant and may be good source of antibiotics.
Axonemal doublet microtubules can split into two complete singlets in human sperm flagellum tips
Authors: Zabeo Davide , Croft Jacob T. , Höög Johanna L.
Published: April 2019

Motile flagella are crucial for human fertility and embryonic development. The distal tip of the flagellum is where growth and intra‐flagellar transport are coordinated. In most model organisms, but not all, the distal tip includes a ‘singlet region’, where axonemal doublet microtubules (dMT) terminate and only complete A‐tubules extend as singlet microtubules (sMT) to the tip. How a human flagellar tip is structured is unknown. Here, the flagellar tip structure of human spermatozoa was investigated by cryo‐electron tomography, revealing the formation of a complete sMT from both the A‐tubule and B‐tubule of dMTs. This different tip arrangement in human spermatozoa shows the need to investigate human flagella directly in order to understand their role in health and disease.
Programmable Functionalization of Surfactant‐Stabilized Microfluidic Droplets via DNA‐Tags
Authors: Jahnke Kevin , Weiss Marian , Frey Christoph , Antona Silvia , Janiesch Jan‐Willi , Platzman Ilia , Göpfrich Kerstin , Spatz Joachim P.
Published: April 2019

Droplet‐based microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool in synthetic biology. For many applications, chemical functionalization of the droplets is a key process. Therefore, a straightforward and broadly applicable approach is developed to functionalize the inner periphery of microfluidic droplets with diverse reactive groups and components. Instead of covalent modification of the droplet‐stabilizing surfactants, this method relies on cholesterol‐tagged DNA that self‐assembles at the droplet periphery. The cholesterol‐tagged DNA serves as an attachment handle for the recruitment of complementary DNA. The complementary DNA can carry diverse functional groups. We exemplify our method by demonstrating the attachment of amine groups, DNA nanostructures, microspheres, a minimal actin cortex, and leukemia cells to the droplet periphery. It is further shown that the DNA‐mediated attachment to the droplet periphery is temperature‐responsive and reversible. It is envisioned that droplet functionalization via DNA handles will help to tailor droplet interfaces for diverse applications—featuring programmable assembly, unique addressability, and stimuli‐responsiveness.
Reversibly and Irreversibly Humidity‐Responsive Motion of Liquid Crystalline Network Gated by SO2 Gas
Authors: Lan Ruochen , Sun Jian , Shen Chen , Huang Rui , Zhang Lanying , Yang Huai
Published: April 2019

Manipulating functional liquid crystalline networks (LCNs) by multiple stimuli has been a hot topic in the research of smart actuators and fabrication of biomimetic robots. Here, a single‐layer LCN film showing dual responsiveness to humidity and SO2 gas is prepared. Interestingly, the humidity sensitivity of the LCN film can be gated by exposing the film to SO2. At the same time, the SO2 sensitivity is strongly affected by the ambient relative humidity (RH) and the response time is able to be tuned by changing the RH over a wide range. The mechanism of this dual response of the LCN film is ascribed to the neutralization of carboxylic acid and in situ acidification of the carboxylic salt. The reversibly and irreversibly humidity‐induced motion gated by SO2 renders the LCN film valuable in the design and preparation of multifunctional devices.
Bioresorbable Electronic Implants: History, Materials, Fabrication, Devices, and Clinical Applications
Authors: Cha Gi Doo , Kang Dayoung , Lee Jongha , Kim Dae‐Hyeong
Published: April 2019

Medical implants, either passive implants for structural support or implantable devices with active electronics, have been widely used for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases and clinical issues. These implants offer various functions, including mechanical support of biological structures in orthopedic and dental applications, continuous electrophysiological monitoring and feedback of electrical stimulation in neuronal and cardiac applications, and controlled drug delivery while maintaining arterial structure in drug‐eluting stents. Although these implants exhibit long‐term biocompatibility, surgery for their retrieval is often required, which imposes physical, biological, and economical burdens on the patients. Therefore, as an alternative to such secondary surgeries, bioresorbable implants that disappear after a certain period of time inside the body, including bioresorbable active electronics, have been highlighted recently. This review first discusses the historical background of medical implants and briefly define related terminology. Representative examples of non‐degradable medical implants for passive structural support and/or for diagnosis and therapy with active electronics are also provided. Then, recent progress in bioresorbable active implants composed of biosignal sensors, actuators for therapeutics, wireless power supply components, and their integrated systems are reviewed. Finally, clinical applications of these bioresorbable electronic implants are exemplified with brief conclusion and future outlook.
2D Electron Gas and Oxygen Vacancy Induced High Oxygen Evolution Performances for Advanced Co3O4/CeO2 Nanohybrids
Authors: Liu Ying , Ma Chao , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Wei , Pan Pengfei , Gu Lin , Xu Dongdong , Bao Jianchun , Dai Zhihui
Published: April 2019

The rational design of atomic‐scale interfaces in multiphase nanohybrids is an alluring and challenging approach to develop advanced electrocatalysts. Herein, through the selection of two different metal oxides with particular intrinsic features, advanced Co3O4/CeO2 nanohybrids (NHs) with CeO2 nanocubes anchored on Co3O4 nanosheets are developed, which show not only high oxygen vacancy concentration but also remarkable 2D electron gas (2DEG) behavior with ≈0.79 ± 0.1 excess e−/u.c. on the Ce3+ sites at the Co3O4–CeO2 interface. Such a 2DEG transport channel leads to a high carrier density of 3.8 × 1014 cm−2 and good conductivity. Consequently, the Co3O4/CeO2 NHs demonstrate dramatically enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances with a low overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a high turnover frequency of 0.25 s−1 when compared to those of pure Co3O4 and CeO2 counterparts, outperforming commercial IrO2 and some recently reported representative OER catalysts. These results demonstrate the validity of tailoring the electrocatalytic properties of metal oxides by 2DEG engineering, offering a step forward in the design of advanced hybrid nanostructures.
Effect of Near‐Surface Dopants on the Epitaxial Growth of h‐BN on Metal Surfaces
Authors: Wei Wei , Lin Le , Zhang Guanhua , Ye Xiaoqiu , Bin Ren , Meng Caixia , Ning Yanxiao , Fu Qiang , Bao Xinhe
Published: April 2019

Epitaxial growth of ultrathin overlayers on solid substrate is critically dependent on the surface structure, and in this work near‐surface doping is identified as another important growth factor. It is shown that growth of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) on Ni(111) through chemical vapor deposition or surface ammonization can be strongly modulated by near‐surface B doping. Epitaxial h‐BN islands form on clean Ni(111) surface, while both epitaxial and nonepitaxial h‐BN islands grow on Ni(111) containing near‐surface B atoms. Quantitative correlation of epitaxial growth and near‐surface doping is unambiguously demonstrated. In situ spatially resolved surface science measurements based on photoemission electron microscopy and low energy electron microscopy in combination with density function calculations reveal that near‐surface B atoms weaken the interaction between h‐BN overlayer and Ni surface, which favor the nonepitaxial and metastable h‐BN structures. The present work suggests that near‐surface doping acts as an effective route to influence epitaxial growth of two‐dimensional (2D) material overlayers on solids.
Scalable Fabrication of Conductive Lines by Patterned Wettability‐Assisted Bar‐Coating for Low Cost Paper‐Based Circuits
Authors: Xin Zhiqing , Yan Meijia , Gu Lingya , Liu Jianghao , Liu Ruping , Li Luhai , Fang Yi , Mo Lixin , Li Yaling , Shen Yang , Guolin Xinzheng , Li Mingzhu , Yang Li
Published: April 2019

Patterning technology on the paper based on wettability difference for paper‐based devices has attracted significant attention for its low cost, easy degradability, and high flexibility. Here, conductive lines are rapidly prepared by patterned wettability‐assisted bar‐coating for low cost paper‐based circuits. It is found that 7 s plasma treatment time for acquiring wettability difference is optimal, which resulted in not only effective splitting of the liquid film but also highly consistent line width with mask. Moreover, low retention force of hydrophobic surface is imperative for self‐confinement of the ink into hydrophilic areas, especially for ink with high solid content. The sheet resistance of patterns can reach 5 Ω ◻−1 after 980 nm laser sintering when using 50 wt% solid content ink with 110 cP viscosity. The geometries of line patterns, i.e., line width and spacing, can be readily tuned by varying the designed size of mask patterns. As‐prepared conductive patterns show good conductivity even after 500 bending cycles at 2 mm bending radius. It is believed that this study will provide deeper understanding of wettability difference‐assisted patterning process and represents a general strategy for selective wetting, especially for high viscosity ink.