bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synapsins are expressed at neuronal and non-neuronal locations in Octopus vulgaris
Authors: Maiole Federica , Tedeschi Giulia , Candiani Simona , Maragliano Luca , Benfenati Fabio , Zullo Letizia
Published: October 2019

Synapsins are a family of phosphoproteins fundamental to the regulation of neurotransmitter release. They are typically neuron-specific, although recent evidence pointed to their expression in non-neuronal cells where they play a role in exocytosis and vesicle trafficking. In this work, we characterized synapsin transcripts in the invertebrate mollusk Octopus vulgaris and present evidence of their expression not only in the brain but also in male and female reproductive organs. We identified three synapsin isoforms phylogenetically correlated to that of other invertebrates and with a modular structure characteristic of mammalian synapsins with a central, highly conserved C domain, important for the protein functions, and less conserved A, B and E domains. Our molecular modeling analysis further provided a solid background for predicting synapsin functional binding to ATP, actin filaments and secretory vesicles. Interestingly, we found that synapsin expression in ovary and testis increased during sexual maturation in cells with a known secretory role, potentially matching the occurrence of a secretion process. This might indicate that its secretory role has evolved across animals according to cell activity in spite of cell identity. We believe that this study may yield insights into the convergent evolution of ubiquitously expressed proteins between vertebrates and invertebrates.
The effects of temporal pressure on obstacle negotiation and gaze behaviour in young adults with simulated vision loss
Authors: Zult Tjerk , Allsop Jonathan , Timmis Matthew A. , Pardhan Shahina
Published: October 2019

Individuals with vision loss adapt their locomotion and gaze behaviour to safely negotiate objects in temporally unconstrained situations. However, everyday activities are often performed under time-pressure. We investigated the effects of blur on anxiety, movement kinematics and gaze behaviour during the negotiation of a floor-based obstacle under three amounts of pressure: 1) no-pressure; 2) tonal-pressure: an intermittent tone was played at a constant frequency; 3) tonal + time pressure: the intermittent tone increased in frequency and participants had to walk 20% faster to reach the end of the lab. Irrespective of the amount of pressure, the blurred vs. normal vision group reported 32% more anxiety, lifted the lead foot 43% higher and 10% slower over the obstacle, and looked 6% longer and 6% more frequently ahead of the obstacle. In the tonal + time pressure vs. no-pressure condition, both groups were more anxious, showed adaptations in movement kinematics related to walking faster, and adopted a ‘checking strategy’ by shortening their fixation durations at the obstacle. These results show that irrespective of temporal pressure, the blurred vision group remained more cautious as to how the lead foot negotiated the obstacle, in order to reduce the chance of tripping during crossing.
Novel application of neural network modelling for multicomponent herbal medicine optimization
Authors: Ren Yong-Shen , Lei Lei , Deng Xin , Zheng Yao , Li Yan , Li Jun , Mei Zhi-Nan
Published: October 2019

The conventional method for effective or toxic chemical substance identification of multicomponent herbal medicine is based on single component separation, which is time-consuming, labor intensive, inefficient, and neglects the interaction and integrity among the components; therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative routine to evaluate the components more efficiently and scientifically. In this study, sodium aescinate injection (SAI), obtained from different manufacturers and prepared as “components knockout” samples, was chosen as the case study. The chemical fingerprints of SAI were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography to provide the chemical information. The effectiveness and irritation of each sample were evaluated using anti-inflammatory and irritation tests, and then “Gray correlation” analysis (GCA) was applied to rank the effectiveness and irritability of each component to provide a preliminary judgment for product optimization. The prediction model of the proportions of the expected components was constructed using the artificial neural network. The results of the GCA showed that the irritation sorting of each SAI component was in the order of B > A > G > J > I > H > D > F > E > C and the effectiveness sorting of SAI components was in the order of D > C > B > A > F > E > H > I > G > J; the predictive proportion of SAI was optimized by the BP neural network as A: B: C: D: E: F = 0.7526: 0.5005: 5.4565: 1.4149: 0.8113: 1.0642. This study provided a scientific, accurate, reliable, and efficient approach for the proportion optimization of multicomponent drugs, which has a good prospect of popularization and application in product upgrading and development of herbal medicine.
Common features of F-18 FDG PET/CT findings in Scrub Typhus: prospective study before and after antibiotics therapy
Authors: Hwang Joo-Hee , Han Yeon-Hee , Choi Seung Hee , Jeon Mir , Kim Suhyun , Kim Yeon-Joon , Lee Chang-Seop , Lim Seok Tae
Published: October 2019

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by obligate intracellular organism Orientia tsutsugamushi. While there have been many reports on the evaluation of disease activity and infectious diseases using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), the clinical value of FDG PET/CT in scrub typhus has not been fully investigated. We enrolled 17 patients who were 18 years of age or older and clinically suspected of having scrub typhus with eschar. Clinical assessments, blood samples, and FDG PET/CT images were obtained at enrolment and again after 3 weeks. The median age of the patients was 65 years; 9 (52.9%) patients were male. On initial FDG PET/CT, the eschars showed markedly increased FDG uptake on PET imaging that improved after treatment. Generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly with high FDG uptake were observed in all patients. On follow-up FDG PET/CT after appropriate therapy, FDG uptake and sizes of eschar, lymph nodes, and spleen were markedly decreased. As far as we are aware, this is the first investigation with multiple patients of FDG PET/CT in scrub typhus and the demonstration of clinical utility. FDG PET/CT imaging of scrub typhus could provide useful information about the clinical features before and after antibiotic treatment.
Early renal dysfunction and fibroblast growth factor-23 in patients with small vessel disease-related stroke
Authors: Fandler-Höfler Simon , Enzinger Christian , Kneihsl Markus , Pinter Daniela , Eppinger Sebastian , Obermayer-Pietsch Barbara , Goritschan Anna , Hafner-Giessauf Hildegard , Rosenkranz Alexander R. , Fazekas Franz , Gattringer Thomas
Published: October 2019

Interactions between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and renal dysfunction (RD) have been reported, but previous studies were mostly retrospective and limited to measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In this prospective, longitudinal study of patients with CSVD-related recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSI), we aimed at a comprehensive exploration of markers of early RD and their association with microvascular brain damage. We investigated 101 stroke patients (mean age: 60.2 ± 10.7 years) with an MRI-confirmed RSSI who underwent follow-up brain MRI 15 months post-stroke. Besides serum creatinine and eGFR, we assessed urinary Albumin-Creatinine Ratio and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23). RD was classified according to recent Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. We identified 24 patients with RD, only six patients revealed an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m². RSSI patients with RD more often had severe white matter hyperintensities (WMH, 58% vs. 36%, p = 0.04). CSVD progression was not dependent on RD. However, patients in the highest FGF-23 quartile more frequently had new microangiopathic lesions on follow-up MRI (50% vs. 21%, p = 0.03). Early RD was found in a quarter of RSSI patients and associated with WMH severity, but not CSVD progression. High FGF-23 indicates an increased risk for ongoing microvascular brain damage, warranting further studies.
Left-handedness is associated with greater fighting success in humans
Authors: Richardson Thomas , Gilman R. Tucker
Published: October 2019

Left-handedness is a costly, sexually dimorphic trait found at low frequencies in all human populations. How the handedness polymorphism is maintained is unclear. The fighting hypothesis argues that left-handed men have a negative frequency-dependent advantage in violent intrasexual competition giving them a selective advantage. In support of this, many studies have found that left-handed men are overrepresented among modern professional fighters, but studies typically find no difference in fighting success between left and right-handed fighters. We studied over 13,800 professional boxers and mixed martial artists of varying abilities in three of the largest samples to test this hypothesis to date, finding robust evidence that left-handed fighters have greater fighting success. This held for both male and female fighters, and for both percentage of fights won and an objective measure of fighting ability. We replicated previous results showing that left-handed fighters are strongly overrepresented in professional combat sports, but left-handed fighters did not show greater variance in fighting ability, a hypothesis suggested in previous studies. Overall we find strong evidence consistent with the fighting hypothesis.
Comparison of three different reduction methods of the ankle mortise in unstable syndesmotic injuries
Authors: Vetter Sven Yves , Beisemann Nils , Keil Holger , Schnetzke Marc , Swartman Benedict , Franke Jochen , Grützner Paul Alfred , Privalov Maxim
Published: October 2019

In order to achieve a clinically satisfying result and to prevent posttraumatic osteoarthritis in the treatment of unstable syndesmotic injuries, anatomically correct reduction is crucial. The objective of the study was to investigate three different reduction methods of the ankle mortise in unstable syndesmotic injuries. In a specimen model with 38 uninjured fresh-frozen lower legs, a complete syndesmotic dissection was performed. The ankle mortise was reduced with either a collinear reduction clamp, a conventional reduction forceps or manually with crossing K-wires. The reduction clamps and the K-wires were placed in a 0°-angle to the leg axis. The clamps were positioned on the posterolateral ridge of the fibula 20 mm proximal to the ankle joint line. A cone beam computed tomography was performed after dissection and after each reduction. Tibio-fibular distances and angles were determined. Despite significant differences in terms of overcompression (0.09–0.33 mm; p = 0.000–0.063) and the slight external rotation (0.29–0.47°; p = 0.014–0.07), the results show a satisfying reduction of the ankle mortise. There were no considerable differences between the reduction methods. It can therefore be concluded that the ankle mortise can be reduced with any of the methods used, but that the positioning and the contact pressure must be considered.
Functional modulation of cytochrome C upon specific binding to DNA nanoribbons
Authors: Ouyang Xiangyuan , Wang Si-Yao , Liu Ting , Ren Yong-An , Wang Mei-Fang , Chen Fang-Fang , Wang Li-Li
Published: October 2019

We discovered that the redox activity of cytochrome C can be enhanced and its peroxidase activity can be decreased by DNA nanoribbons.
High-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy of hydrated non-crystallized RNA
Authors: Zhao Sha , Yang Yufei , Zhao Yujie , Li Xinming , Xue Yi , Wang Shenlin
Published: October 2019

We highlight that sufficient hydration of non-crystallized RNA could provide high-resolution SSNMR spectra, with similar spectral quality to the crystallized RNA.
Carbon nitride as a heterogeneous visible-light photocatalyst for the Minisci reaction and coupling to H2 production
Authors: Vijeta Arjun , Reisner Erwin
Published: October 2019

Cyanamide functionalised carbon nitride powder is reported as a photocatalyst for direct Minisci-type coupling of heteroarenes with ethers, alcohols, and amides using atmospheric oxygen or a hydrogen evolving co-catalyst as an electron acceptor.
A ZIF-derived hierarchically porous Fe–Zn–N–C catalyst synthesized via a two-stage pyrolysis for the highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction in both acidic and alkaline media
Authors: Li Fang , Ding Xiao-Bo , Cao Qing-Cheng , Qin Yuan-Hang , Wang Cunwen
Published: October 2019

A ZIF-derived Fe–Zn–N–C catalyst synthesized by a two-stage pyrolysis process exhibits superior activity for the ORR.
Quenching induced hierarchical 3D porous g-C3N4 with enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity
Authors: Liu Mingjin , Wageh S. , Al-Ghamdi Ahmed A. , Xia Pengfei , Cheng Bei , Zhang Liuyang , Yu Jiaguo
Published: October 2019

Hierarchical 3D porous g-C3N4 (HCN) is synthesized by quenching in iced water and shows superior photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance.
Two-dimensional halogen-bonded organic frameworks based on the tetrabromobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid building molecule
Authors: Chongboriboon Nucharee , Samakun Kodchakorn , Inprasit Thitirat , Kielar Filip , Dungkaew Winya , Wong Lawrence W.-Y. , Sung Herman H.-Y. , Ninković Dragan B. , Zarić Snežana D. , Chainok Kittipong
Published: October 2019

2D halogen-bonded organic frameworks were readily engineered by strong and directional effects of the primary Br⋯O and the secondary Br⋯π halogen bonding interactions from the tetrabromobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid building molecule involving 100% supramolecular yields.
A series of helical coordination polymers based on two racemic bis(pyridylmethylene) propane-1,2-diamine ligands: relationship of conformations, structures and properties
Authors: Zhu Li-Na , Deng Zhao-Peng , Huo Li-Hua , Gao Shan
Published: October 2019

The self-assembly of d10 metal salts and two racemic bis(pyridyl) diamine ligands generates ten complexes, showing diverse helical and wavelike chains, (4,4) layers, as well as 3D sqc and uog nets.
Energetics of proton configurations in water polyhedra and hydrate frameworks: topology vs. geometry
Authors: Gudkovskikh S. V. , Kirov M. V.
Published: October 2019

The lowest energy configurations of water polyhedral.
The Lennard-Jones potential: when (not) to use it
Authors: Wang Xipeng , Ramírez-Hinestrosa Simón , Dobnikar Jure , Frenkel Daan
Published: October 2019

The Lennard-Jones 12-6 potential is widely used in simulations… or is it? We propose reconsidering when to use it.
Synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of multidentate gold(i) and gold(iii) NHC complexes
Authors: Bauer Elisabeth B. , Bernd Marco A. , Schütz Max , Oberkofler Jens , Pöthig Alexander , Reich Robert M. , Kühn Fritz E.
Published: October 2019

The synthesis and characterization of a novel macrocyclic Au(iii) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex, a novel macrocyclic tetra-NHC benzimidazole ligand, and the corresponding Ag(i) and Au(i) complexes and initial biological studies are presented.
A comparative study on the NOx storage and reduction performance of Pt/Ni1Mg2Al1Ox and Pt/Mn1Mg2Al1Ox catalysts
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Gao Yanshan , Altaf Naveed , Wang Qiang
Published: October 2019

Ni1Mg2Al1Ox, Mn1Mg2Al1Ox, 0.5Pt/Ni1Mg2Al1Ox and 0.5Pt/Mn1Mg2Al1Ox catalysts were prepared and their NSR performance was systematically investigated.
The mechanism of monochloramine disproportionation under acidic conditions
Authors: Fehér Péter Pál , Purgel Mihály , Lengyel Adrienn , Stirling András , Fábián István
Published: October 2019

Kinetic and computational studies reveal the mechanistic details of the decomposition of monochloramine in aqueous solution.
Dual surface modification of carbon materials by polydopamine and phosphomolybdic acid for supercapacitor application
Authors: Zhang Zhong Jie , Song Qing Zhu , He Wen Xin , Liu Ping , Xiao Ying Hui , Liang Jing Yan , Chen Xiang Ying
Published: October 2019

Surface modification of carbon materials is an important issue for its potential application.
Cobalt tungsten oxide hydroxide hydrate (CTOHH) on DNA scaffold: an excellent bi-functional catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and aromatic alcohol oxidation
Authors: Kumaravel Sangeetha , Thiruvengetam Prabaharan , Ede Sivasankara Rao , Karthick K. , Anantharaj S. , Sam Sankar Selvasundarasekar , Kundu Subrata
Published: October 2019

CTOHH-DNA, a newly developed catalyst utilized for both electrocatalytic OER and aromatic alcohol oxidation reaction with excellent activities.
Efficient removal of low-concentration organoarsenic by Zr-based metal–organic frameworks: cooperation of defects and hydrogen bonds
Authors: Xu Yunyun , Lv Jiaxin , Song Yao , Zhou Xiaoyu , Tian Chen , Hong Xujia , Cai Yuepeng , Zhao Cunyuan , Lin Zhang
Published: October 2019

UiO-66-D-NH2 showed excellent adsorption behavior towards organoarsenic and cooperative effects with defects and amino modification enhanced the affinity.
Modulating and addressing interactions in polymer colloids using light
Authors: Gehrels Emily W. , Klein Ellen D. , Manoharan Vinothan N.
Published: October 2019

We demonstrate a straightforward method to rapidly and reversibly modulate the interactions between polymer colloids with light.
Synthesis and comparison of copper(ii) complexes with variousN-aminotetrazole ligands involving trinitrophenol anions
Authors: Wurzenberger Maximilian H. H. , Bissinger Benjamin R. G. , Lommel Marcus , Gruhne Michael S. , Szimhardt Norbert , Stierstorfer Jörg
Published: October 2019

This study shows the fine-tuning adjustment of copper(ii) complexes by trinitrophenolates and differentN-aminotetrazole ligands to applicable highly energetic materials.
Positive charge-dependent cell targeted staining and DNA detection
Authors: Yin Pei , Wang Tao , Yang Yuan , Yin Weidong , Zhang Shaoxiong , Yang Zengming , Qi Chunxuan , Ma Hengchang
Published: October 2019

Fluorescence probes containing pyridinium compounds and different negative ions with the applications of specific tracing of different cell organelles and DNA detection!
Red-emissive nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots for highly selective and sensitive fluorescence detection of the alachlor herbicide in soil samples
Authors: Du Fuyou , Cheng Zhenfang , Lai Zhan , Ruan Guihua , Zhao Chenxi
Published: October 2019

We report the synthesis of red-emissive nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots and their applications in the highly selective and sensitive detection of the alachlor herbicide in soil samples.
One-pot synthesis of a recyclable ratiometric fluorescent probe based on MOFs for turn-on sensing of Mg2+ ions and bioimaging in live cells
Authors: Gao Xuechuan , Gao Yuanyuan , Qi Ruilong , Han Limin
Published: October 2019

This work illustrates the design and construction of a fascinating recyclable ratiometric fluorescent probe based on MOFs (Fe3O4/RhB@Al-MOFs) via a simple one-step approach.
Effects of dynamic pedal motion and static disorder on thermal expansion within halogen-bonded co-crystals
Authors: Juneja Navkiran , Unruh Daniel K. , Bosch Eric , Groeneman Ryan H. , Hutchins Kristin M.
Published: October 2019

Thermal expansion is investigated for halogen-bonded co-crystals containing molecules that exhibit dynamic motion, lack motion ability, or experience static disorder.
Photoexcitation of PbS nanosheets leads to highly mobile charge carriers and stable excitons
Authors: Lauth Jannika , Failla Michele , Klein Eugen , Klinke Christian , Kinge Sachin , Siebbeles Laurens D. A.
Published: October 2019

Colloidal two-dimensional (2D) PbS nanosheets exhibit stable excitons and highly mobile charge carriers (500–1000 cm2 V−1 s−1) rendering solution-processed nanomaterials suitable for ultrathin optoelectronics.
Structural basis of the mechanism of β-methyl epimerization by enzyme MarH
Authors: Liu Bin , Hou Yan , Wang Xiaozheng , Ma Xiaofang , Fang Shiqi , Huang Tao , Chen Yanli , Bai Zhiqiang , Lin Shuangjun , Zhang Rundong , Hu Kaifeng
Published: October 2019

Structures of free MarH and MarH in complex withl-Trp, the analogue of substrate, were determined and the mechanism of MarH-catalyzed stereospecific β-methyl epimerization was proposed.
Enhanced thermoelectric properties of Sb2Te3/CH3NH3I hybrid thin films by post-annealing
Authors: Chen Shuo , Li Fu , Chen Yuexing , Luo Jingting , Liang Guangxing , Zhang Xianghua , Zheng Zhuanghao , Fan Ping
Published: October 2019

An effective post-annealing involved sequential sputtering/evaporation method is used to prepare inorganic–organic Sb2Te3/CH3NH3I hybrid thin films with improved thermoelectric properties.
1T-MoS2 nanopatch/Ti3C2 MXene/TiO2 nanosheet hybrids for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Yujie , Yang Shaorui , Liang Zhangqian , Xue Yanjun , Cui Hongzhi , Tian Jian
Published: October 2019

A unique 2D structure of Ti3C2/TiO2/1T-MoS2 composite with double metallic co-catalysts Ti3C2 and 1T phase MoS2 nanopatches is achieved and it exhibits high photocatalytic H2 evolution activity with a rate as high as 9738 μmol g−1 h−1.
Copper-catalyzed nitrene transfer/cyclization cascade to synthesize 3a-nitrogenous furoindolines and pyrroloindolines
Authors: Zhang Guang-Yi , Peng Yi , Xue Jing , Fan Yan-Hui , Deng Qing-Hai
Published: October 2019

Copper-catalyzed nitrene transfer for amination/cyclization of tryptophols and tryptamines to generate the corresponding indole alkaloids in good to excellent yields was successfully developed.
Non-symmetric thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-fused BODIPYs: synthesis, spectroscopic properties and providing a functional strategy for NIR probes
Authors: Sun Yijuan , Yuan Hao , Di Linting , Zhou Zhikuan , Gai Lizhi , Xiao Xuqiong , He Weijiang , Lu Hua
Published: October 2019

Non-symmetric thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-fused BODIPYs were designed and characterized, and further functionalization through the Knoevenagel condensation reaction to form a NIR sensor was achieved.
Attenuated glutamate induced ROS production by antioxidative compounds in neural cell lines
Authors: Xin Haolin , Cui Ying , An Zhongping , Yang Qian , Zou Xuan , Yu Ning
Published: October 2019

Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in neural function.
A facile and concise route to (hydroxybenzoyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine heterocycle derivatives: synthesis, and structural, spectral and computational exploration
Authors: Ashraf Abida , Khalid Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Yaqub Muhammad , Naseer Muhammad Moazzam , Kamal Ghulam Mustafa , Saifullah Bullo , Braga Ataualpa Albert Carmo , Shafiq Zahid , Rauf Waqar
Published: October 2019

The chemical structures of the title compounds were ascertained by spectral techniques including 1H, 13C NMR, UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT computation adopted to analyze the electronic structure.
Impact of deoxynivalenol and kaempferol on expression of tight junction proteins at different stages of Caco-2 cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Wang Xiaojie , Li Li , Zhang Genyi
Published: October 2019

The expression of tight junction proteins in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells was investigated after treatment by the mycotoxin of deoxynivalenol and phenolic compound of kaempferol in different stages of proliferation and differentiation.
Designing dithienonaphthalene based acceptor materials with promising photovoltaic parameters for organic solar cells
Authors: Ans Muhammad , Iqbal Javed , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Ayub Khurshid
Published: October 2019

We have designed dithienonaphthalene based A–D–A materials for higher PCE. Our designed molecules have same donor unit with different end-capped acceptor units. All designed molecules are investigated with DFT and TD-DFT approaches.
Photosensitive Schottky barrier diode behavior of a semiconducting Co(iii)–Na complex with a compartmental Schiff base ligand
Authors: Ghosh Kousik , Sil Sayantan , Ray Partha Pratim , Ortega-Castro Joaquín , Frontera Antonio , Chattopadhyay Shouvik
Published: October 2019

The opto-electronic properties of a cobalt(iii)–sodium complex have been studied with the help of both experimental and theoretical investigation. The complex has also been used to fabricate an effective photosensitive Schottky device.
Chemodivergent synthesis of N-(pyridin-2-yl)amides and 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines from α-bromoketones and 2-aminopyridines
Authors: Liu Yanpeng , Lu Lixue , Zhou Haipin , Xu Feijie , Ma Cong , Huang Zhangjian , Xu Jinyi , Xu Shengtao
Published: October 2019

N-(Pyridin-2-yl)amides and 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines were synthesized respectively from α-bromoketones and 2-aminopyridine under different reaction conditions.
Enhanced thermal conductivity and tensile strength of Al–17Si–3.5Cu with SiC-nanoparticle addition
Authors: Jiang D. P. , Yu J. K.
Published: October 2019

An interfacial nanocomposite layer was proposed to investigate the effect of SiCnps on interfacial thermal resistance between Si and Al.
Low-temperature all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries based on a di-cross-linked starch solid electrolyte
Authors: Lin Zehua , Liu Jin
Published: October 2019

The all-solid-state lithium battery based on di-cross-linked starch electrolyte is applicable at low temperature.
Azugraphene: a new graphene-like hexagonal carbon allotrope with Dirac cones
Authors: Liu Jing , Lu Haigang
Published: October 2019

Azugraphene is a new graphene-like hexagonal carbon allotrope with Dirac cones and is potentially synthesizable from its fragments: azulene.
A chemosensor with a paddle structure based on a BODIPY chromophore for sequential recognition of Cu2+ and HSO3−
Authors: Li Shengling , Cao Duanlin , Hu Zhiyong , Li Zhichun , Meng Xianjiao , Han Xinghua , Ma Wenbing
Published: October 2019

A highly selective chemosensor based on a BODIPY chromophore for sequential recognition of Cu2+ and HSO3−.
Introducing randomization testsviaan evaluation of peer-led team learning in undergraduate chemistry courses
Authors: Rosa Vanessa , Lewis Scott E.
Published: October 2019

The methodological limitations education researchers face in the evaluation of reformed instruction have led to debates as to the evidence advancing evidence-based practices. To conduct more effective research, methodological pluralism in the evaluation of educational reforms can be used to complement the strengths and limitations of a corpus of literature informing the impact of an evidence-based practice. This study seeks to introduce randomization tests, a nonparametric statistical analysis incorporating a random-assignment component that can be applied to a single-subject (N= 1) research design, as a methodology to be counted amongst evaluations of instructional reforms. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, an evaluation of peer-led team learning (PLTL) for classes of second-semester general chemistry spanning 7 semesters was conducted using randomization tests. The design contributes novel understandings of PLTL including differences in effectiveness across instructors, trends in effectiveness over time, and a perspective as to the appropriateness of assumptions concerning statistical independence when applied to educational settings. At the research setting, four instructors (each constituting an individual case) alternated implementing lecture-based instruction and PLTL by term. Across these four instructors, the treatment effects of peer-led team learning when compared to lecture-based instruction ranged in impact (fromd= 0.233 to 2.09). For two instructors, PLTL provided a means by which to significantly reduce the differential performances observed of students with variable preparations in mathematics, thereby advancing the equitability of their courses. Implications of this work include the incorporation of single-subject research designs in establishing evidence-based instructional practices, the effectiveness of PLTL as interpreted in a methodologically pluralistic context of the research literature, and enacting measurements of equity when gauging the success of instructional reforms in science. Further, this introduction to randomization tests offers another methodology for the evaluation of instructional reforms more widely applicable in educational settings with smaller sample sizes (e.g., reforms conducted within a single classroom or upper-level courses with small class sizes).
Selective production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of pine over the HZSM-5 catalyst with calcium formate as a hydrogen source
Authors: Li Kai , Wang Ze-xiang , Zhang Guan , Cui Min-shu , Lu Qiang , Yang Yong-ping
Published: October 2019

A new protocol using calcium formate as a hydrogen source for preparing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biomass has been developed.
Li-decorated carbyne for hydrogen storage: charge induced polarization and van't Hoff hydrogen desorption temperature
Authors: Anikina Ekaterina , Banerjee Amitava , Beskachko Valery , Ahuja Rajeev
Published: October 2019

Low dimensions for hydrogen storage media: exceeding U.S. DOE uptake target on Li-functionalized carbyne with hydrogen binding energies needed for good cyclability.
Methane-trapping metal–organic frameworks with an aliphatic ligand for efficient CH4/N2 separation
Authors: Chang Miao , Zhao Yingjie , Liu Dahuan , Yang Jiangfeng , Li Jinping , Zhong Chongli
Published: October 2019

Stable MOFs with an aliphatic ligand exhibit an excellent performance for the separation of CH4/N2 mixture.
Nanoparticles and organized lipid assemblies: from interaction to design of hybrid soft devices
Authors: Mendozza Marco , Caselli Lucrezia , Salvatore Annalisa , Montis Costanza , Berti Debora
Published: October 2019

This contribution reviews the state of art on hybrid soft matter assemblies composed of inorganic nanoparticles (NP) and lamellar or non-lamellar lipid bilayers.
Quantification of functional crosslinker reaction kineticsviasuper-resolution microscopy of swollen microgels
Authors: Karanastasis Apostolos A. , Kenath Gopal S. , Sundararaman Ravishankar , Ullal Chaitanya K.
Published: October 2019

Super resolution microscopy of microgels is combined with volume evolution data to calculate rate constants of novel dye tagged crosslinkers, which will be useful in predicting crosslink density distributions.
Enhanced catalytic activity of edge-exposed 1T phase WS2 grown directly on a WO3 nanohelical array for water splitting
Authors: Lee Noho , Choi Il Yong , Doh Kyung-Yeon , Kim Jaewon , Sim Hyeji , Lee Donghwa , Choi Si-Young , Kim Jong Kyu
Published: October 2019

A hierarchical electrode consisting of edge-exposed 1T phase WS2, grown on an array of surface-modified WO3 nanohelixes (NHs), and its enhanced catalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are presented.
Realizing high thermoelectric performance in GeTe through decreasing the phase transition temperature via entropy engineering
Authors: Qiu Yuting , Jin Yang , Wang Dongyang , Guan Mengjia , He Wenke , Peng Shang , Liu Ruiheng , Gao Xiang , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: October 2019

Entropy engineering is one of the powerful approaches to suppress phase transitions.
Growth mechanism of epitaxial SrTiO3 on a (1 × 2) + (2 × 1) reconstructed Sr(1/2 ML)/Si(001) surface
Authors: Spreitzer Matjaž , Klement Dejan , Egoavil Ricardo , Verbeeck Jo , Kovač Janez , Založnik Anže , Koster Gertjan , Van Tendeloo Gustaaf , Suvorov Danilo , Rijnders Guus
Published: October 2019

A complete protocol for epitaxial integration of SrTiO3 with a (1 × 2) + (2 × 1) reconstructed Sr(1/2 ML)/Si(001) surface using the PLD method.
miR-365 inhibits duck myoblast proliferation by targeting IGF-I via PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Sun Wenqiang , Hu Shenqiang , Hu Jiwei , Yang Shuang , Hu Bo , Qiu Jiamin , Gan Xiang , Liu Hehe , Li Liang , Wang Jiwen
Published: October 2019

miR-365 is found to be involved in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, it remains unknown if and how miR-365 plays a role in myoblast proliferation. In the present study, we found that overexpression of miR-365 can inhibit duck myoblast proliferation. To uncover the mechanism by which miR-365 inhibits duck myoblast proliferation, we showed that miR-365 can down-regulate insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) by directly targeting its 3′untranslated region (UTR). Moreover, enhanced miR-365 decreased the mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt, mTOR and S6K. Importantly, the enhanced PI3K, Akt, mTOR and S6K expression by miR-365 inhibitor (anti-miR-365) was abrogated by treatment with LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. Together, our results indicated that miR-365 may target IGF-I to inhibit duck myoblast proliferation via PI3K/Akt pathway.
Thousand and one kinase 1 protects MCAO-induced cerebral ischemic stroke in rats by decreasing apoptosis and pro-inflammatory factors
Authors: Li Jiahui , Liu Zhijie , Wang Liling , Xu Haiyan , Wang Yulin
Published: October 2019

Background: Birth hypoxia causes neonatal mortality and morbidity. Hypoxia/ischemia can facilitate brain damage, causing various kinds of diseases, such as ischemic stroke. It is necessary to understand the potential underlying mechanisms of ischemic stroke. Previous studies revealed the involvement of thousand and one kinase 1 (TAOK1) in many cellular processes. Methods: Herein, middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (MCAO) was performed in rats to establish ischemic stroke in the animal model, and cortical neural stem cells from rats were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to induce ischemic stroke cell model. The animal model of ischemic stroke was validated by Bederson and Zea-Longa neurological deficit scores and rotarod test. TAOK1 expression was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescent staining both in vivo and in vitro. Result: Compared with sham animals, the MCAO rats showed a significant increase in the neurological scores, and obvious motor behavioral deficits. Meanwhile, there was increased apoptosis and inflammatory response in the model group. TAOK1 overexpression reversed the OGD-induced cell injury, while TAOK1 knockdown exhibited the opposing effects. On the mechanism, the OGD-induced suppression of PI3K/AKT, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were abolished by TAOK1 overexpression, and aggravated by TAOK1 knockdown in vitro. Moreover, we proved that the inhibitory effect of TAOK1 on OGD-induced apoptosis was dependent on the intracellular kinase activity. Conclusion: TAOK1 protected MCAO-induced cerebral ischemic stroke by decreasing the pro-inflammatory factors and apoptosis via PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways.
Tumor-associated macrophage-derived exosomal microRNA-155-5p stimulates intracranial aneurysm formation and macrophage infiltration
Authors: Feng Zhengzhe , Zhang Xiaoxi , Li Li , Wang Chuanchuan , Feng Mingtao , Zhao Kaijun , Zhao Rui , Liu Jianmin , Fang Yibin
Published: October 2019

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a regulatory role in inflammation and cancer. Exosomes derived from macrophages carrying microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are of great value for cancer therapy. Gremlin 1 (GREM1), a member of the antagonists of secreted bone morphogenetic protein, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases or cancers. Based on the predictions of miRNA–mRNA interaction, GREM1 was found to be a target gene of miR-155-5p. Here, the present study aims to explore the role of TAM-derived exosomal miR-155-5p by regulating GREM1 in intracranial aneurysm (IA). The collected results showed that GREM1 was down-regulated in IA, while miR-155-5p was up-regulated in TAM-derived exosomes. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were co-cultured with TAMs or exposed to exosomes derived from TAMs transfected with either miR-155-5p mimic or miR-155-5p inhibitor for exploring their roles in proliferation and migration of SMCs in vitro. Accordingly, in vitro experiments showed that TAM-derived exosomal miR-155-5p could promote proliferation and migration of SMCs by targeting GREM1. The effects of TAM-derived exosomal miR-155-5p on IA formation and TAM activation and infiltration by regulation of GREM1 in vivo were measured in IA rats injected with exosomes or those from TAMs transfected with miR-155-5p inhibitor. In vivo experimental results consistently confirmed that TAM-derived exosomes carrying miR-155-5p promoted IA formation and TAM activation and infiltration. In conclusion, TAM-derived exosomal miR-155-5p promotes IA formation via GREM1, which points to miR-155-5p as a possible therapeutic target for IA.
Exosomal circRNAs: new players in the field of cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Louis Corentin , Desoteux Matthis , Coulouarn Cédric
Published: October 2019

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly cancer worldwide associated with limited therapeutic options. A recent study published in Clinical Science by Wang and colleagues [Clin. Sci. (2019) 133(18), 1935–1953] brought new perspectives to CCA management and therapy by focusing on circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs belong to an emerging class of functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulating numerous biological processes. Notably, circRNAs have been associated with cancer onset and progression, although reports in CCA are very limited so far. In this work, the expression of circular RNA circ-0000284 (aka circHIPK3) was specifically elevated in CCA cell lines, human tumor tissues and plasma exosomes. Gain and loss of function approaches were performed to better understand the molecular mechanisms regulated by circ-0000284. Notably, the authors evaluated the role of circ-0000284 as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge. By prediction analysis and functional tests, a direct interaction was demonstrated with miR-637 that targets lymphocyte antigen-6 E (LY6E). Increased expression of circ-0000284 was associated with enhanced migration, invasion and proliferation of CCA cell lines. Interestingly, exosomal-mediated circ-0000284 was reported to exhibit pro-oncogenic effects on surrounding normal cells. Altogether, these data highlight circRNAs not only as new players in CCA pathogenesis but also as promising molecules for innovative non-invasive biomarkers, as circRNAs are enriched and stable in exosomes. Further investigations on extracellular vesicles should provide the necessary tools to improve CCA diagnosis, and move toward targeted-therapies.
Team Management of Velopharyngeal Inadequacy: Practical Suggestions for Speech-Language Pathologists and Surgeons
Authors: Baylis Adriane L. , Perry Jamie , Wilson Kristina , Dailey Scott , Bedwinek Anne , Trost-Cardamone Judith , Kirschner Richard E. , Goudy Steven
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This article aims to provide a set of guiding principles for interdisciplinary team care of velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) for speech, regardless of the etiology.

Method

A working group of practitioners with advanced training and experience in the management of patients with cleft palate/velopharyngeal disorders, including representatives from speech-language pathology, otolaryngology, and plastic surgery, was formed. Pertinent literature was reviewed, and practical suggestions for clinicians were developed through consensus discussion.

Results

Seven key principles were identified as being integral to the provision of interdisciplinary team care for VPI.

Conclusion

Collaborative interdisciplinary team care for persons with velopharyngeal disorders is key to optimal management and outcomes. Practical suggestions for implementing an interdisciplinary team care model for management of cleft-related and noncleft VPI are described.
Teaching Phonological Awareness to Children With Hearing Loss Who Use Spoken Language: Six Big Ideas
Authors: Werfel Krystal L. , Reynolds Gabriella
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Because children with hearing loss experience difficulty in developing word decoding and spelling skills, effective phonological awareness instruction for this population is vital. Children with hearing loss are often delayed in their development of phonological awareness compared to peers with normal hearing; however, the developmental progression appears to be the same for both groups of children. Some modifications to typical phonological awareness instruction are warranted for this population.

Conclusion

This article synthesizes recent research on phonological awareness instruction for children with hearing loss from several research groups into 6 big ideas that have led to impressive gains in phonological awareness skills for this population.
Thermal evolution of Uranus and Neptune
Authors: Scheibe Ludwig , Nettelmann Nadine , Redmer Ronald
Published: October 2019

The brightness of Neptune is often found to be in accordance with an adiabatic interior, while the low luminosity of Uranus challenges this assumption. Here we apply revised equation of state data of hydrogen, helium, and water and compute the thermal evolution of Uranus and Neptune assuming an adiabatic interior. For this purpose, we have developed a new planetary model and evolution code. We investigate the influence of albedo, solar energy influx, and equations of state of H and He, and water on the cooling time. Our cooling times of about τU = 5.1 × 109 yr for Uranus and τN = 3.7 × 109 yr for Neptune bracket the known age of the planets of 4.56 × 109 yr implying that neither planet’s present-day luminosity can be explained by adiabatic cooling. We also find that uncertainties on input parameters such as the level of irradiation matter generally more for Uranus than for Neptune. Our results suggest that in contrast to common assumptions, neither planet is fully adiabatic in the deeper interior.
First detection of [13C II] in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Okada Yoko , Higgins Ronan , Ossenkopf-Okada Volker , Guevara Cristian , Stutzki Jürgen , Mertens Marc
Published: October 2019

Context. [13C II] observations in several Galactic sources show that the fine-structure [12C II] emission is often optically thick (the optical depths around 1 to a few).

Aims. Our goal was to test whether this also affects the [12C II] emission from nearby galaxies like the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).

Methods. We observed three star-forming regions in the LMC with upGREAT on board SOFIA at the frequency of the [C II] line. The 4 GHz bandwidth covers all three hyperfine lines of [13C II] simultaneously. For the analysis, we combined the [13C II] F = 1−0 and F = 1−1 hyperfine components as they do not overlap with the [12C II] line in velocity.

Results. Three positions in N159 and N160 show an enhancement of [13C II] compared to the abundance-ratio-scaled [12C II] profile. This is likely due to the [12C II] line being optically thick, supported by the fact that the [13C II] line profile is narrower than [12C II], the enhancement varies with velocity, and the peak velocity of [13C II] matches the [O I] 63 μm self-absorption. The [12C II] line profile is broader than expected from a simple optical depth broadening of the [13C II] line, supporting the scenario of several PDR components in one beam having varying [12C II] optical depths. The derived [12C II] optical depth at three positions (beam size of 14″, corresponding to 3.4 pc) is 1−3, which is similar to values observed in several Galactic sources shown in previous studies. If this also applies to distant galaxies, the [C II] intensity will be underestimated by a factor of approximately 2.
Dangers potentiels de l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière au Togo de 1990 à 2010
Authors: Djagni Kokou K. , Fok Michel
Published: October 2019

Dans la perception des profanes, le coton est encore considéré comme la culture consommant le plus d’insecticides néfastes pour la santé et l’environnement. Une telle mauvaise image n’est plus justifiée selon une étude internationale de l’Expert panel on Social, environmental and Economic Performance of cotton production (SEEP), mais les pays producteurs ont peu analysé et informé sur l’évolution de l’utilisation des insecticides. L’article comble cette lacune dans le cas du Togo. Il concerne une étude basée sur la reconstitution des séries de données des surfaces emblavées et d’insecticides distribués aux producteurs de coton de 1990 à 2010. Les données sur les insecticides portent sur les volumes distribués et leur composition en matières actives pour déduire la consommation de matières actives par hectare. En s’inspirant de l’étude internationale mentionnée qui avait compilé les indices d’écotoxicité des matières actives, les charges toxicologiques vis-à-vis de plusieurs organismes ont été calculées pour cerner les dangers potentiels liés aux insecticides utilisés. Ces charges ont été définies pour permettre de cerner l’évolution dans le temps ou de comparer les pays. La consommation de matières actives insecticides au Togo a chuté régulièrement jusqu’à un litre/hectare, au même niveau que l’Australie qui recourt par ailleurs aux variétés génétiquement modifiées. La charge toxicologique, pesant sur l’homme mais aussi sur divers éléments de la faune comme les abeilles ou les daphnies des cours d’eau, a diminué quoique de manière moins régulière. Cette évolution est la conséquence d’une protection limitée des cultures cotonnières depuis trois décennies, à moins de six traitements, et de l’adoption de nouvelles générations de molécules insecticides. Au Togo, l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière a évolué dans une direction plus compatible avec le souci de la santé humaine et de la préservation de l’environnement. Une telle évolution devrait être extrapolable à tous les pays cotonniers de l’Afrique francophone où des études similaires mériteraient d’être réalisées.
Biorefineries for Sustainable Food-Fuel-Fibre Production: Towards a Circular Economy
Authors: Gheewala Shabbir H.
Published: October 2019

Agriculture and related industries form the backbone of many Asian economies. Not only do they provide food, but they are increasingly proving to be a reliable local source of energy and materials. Biofuels from palm oil and sugarcane are prominent examples where the palm and sugar mills serve as biorefineries – providing food, fuels as well as materials. Nevertheless, there are also associated environmental impacts which need to be considered along with economic considerations. A life cycle approach is useful for both environmental as well as economic assessment. In particular eco-efficiency, a tool combining both environmental and economic aspects is very useful to analyze biorefinery configurations and look at the trade-offs between the environmental and economic aspects. The increase of value-added products from the biorefineries may lead to increased economic benefits but also increased environmental emissions. Indicators such as eco-efficiency show the relative advantages of the enhanced biorefinery system as compared to conventional food or biofuel production systems. Thus, they provide important information to decision-makers both for industry and policy.
Alternatives to groundwater abstraction as a measure to stop land subsidence: a case study of Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Beek Wesley , Letitre Bart , Hadiyanto H. , Sudarno S.
Published: October 2019

The Water as Leverage project aims to lay a blueprint for urban coastal areas around the world that are facing a variety of water-related issues. The blueprint is based upon three real case studies in Bangladesh, India and Indonesia. The case of Indonesia focuses on Semarang, a city that faces issues like flooding, increased water demand, and a lack of wastewater treatment. In this report I summarise the different techniques available to tackling these issues. Along with this I provide a cost-benefit analysis to support decision makers. For a short term it is recommended to produce industrial water from (polluted) surface water as a means to offer an alternative to groundwater abstraction. On a long term it is recommended to install additional wastewater and drinking water treatment services to facilitate better hygiene and a higher quality of life.