bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of the rigidity of the joints of the panel house on the stress-deformed state of the foundation structures
Authors: Nosenko Viktor , Kashoida Ostap
Published: December 2022

The work compares the stress-deformed states of the pile foundations of the house depending on the method of modeling the joints of the wall panels.

The use of wall panels is due to the fact that their installation is a relatively fast technological process, but the disadvantage of such buildings is, among other things, the lack of free spatial planning [1]. During the creation of a numerical model, questions arise: what method (type of connection of panel elements to each other) should be used to model the joints of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures and how does this affect the stress-strain state in above-ground structures and foundations?

This paper presents the influence of the adopted decision (chosen method of joint modeling) on the stress-strain state of pile foundations.

A comparison was made of the stress-strain state of the pile foundation (piles and grid), which were obtained using the following joint modeling options:

1) reinforced concrete elements: monolithic floor, monolithic staircase-elevator shaft and prefabricated wall panels are rigidly connected to each other.

2) the joints between reinforced concrete elements are made using the principle of "combination of movements", i.e., the nodes of the finite elements of the structures are stitched and interact with each other on the basis of certain parameters: horizontal joints - only vertical movements are taken into account (combination movements in the HSC along the Z axis); vertical – take into account movement only in the horizontal plane (along the X and Y axes, in GCS);

3) joints between reinforced concrete elements are made using the functionality of PC "Sapphire". Horizontal joints take into account filling with solution (the so-called platform joint), the behavior of which is described by the elastic law of deformation. Vertical joints take into account embedded details, with the help of which elements are connected to each other in the corresponding places foreseen by the project.

It is shown that the choice of modeling option for the joint of reinforced concrete structures affects the VAT not only of the foundation structures, but also of the vertical load-bearing elements of the building (wall panels and monolithic structures of the stair-elevator shaft). When using various joint modeling options, it is possible to obtain quantitative differences in forces from 2 to 20%, and the type of joint practically does not affect the deformation of foundation structures.
Assessing the impact of the process of constructing foundation pit enclosure structures on surrounding building
Authors: Bondareva Liudmyla , Khoronzhevskyi Maksym
Published: December 2022

An important issue in the calculations of retaining structures of pits and their interaction with the foundation and existing structures is taking into account the features of their installation technology. Quite often, during calculations, this factor is ignored or taken into account by introducing correction factors, which are somehow based on the statistical processing of observation data during the construction of similar objects.

The development of numerical methods has enabled designers to use detailed finite-element models in calculations to more accurately predict the behavior of bases and structures, without spending excessive amounts of time.

In this work, numerical modeling methods are used to reproduce the process of installation of the pit enclosure structures using the trench method "wall in soil" to determine its impact on existing buildings. For this, a numerical model of a 9-floor building with a soil massif was created. Modeling of the foundation pit and enclosure structures, which is installed next to the building, was done. At the same time, the use of a three-dimensional formulation of the problem made it possible to take into account the length of the wall panel and the technological sequence of the construction.

The existing methods of trench excavation modeling were analyzed and one of them was implemented in the calculation scheme.

The impact of various factors on the formation of additional deformations of the existing building was investigated, such as: L - distance from the foundation pit to the building; Нст - the depth of laying the sole "wall in the ground"; Lзхв - the length of the wall panel; ρг.р - is the density of the clay slurry.

Within each task, the settlement of the foundation of the building is determined with different input parameters: L={1,2; 3; 5; 10m}, Нст={12; 18; 24m}, Lзхв={3; 4; 5m}, ρг.р={1.05; 1.10; 1.30t/m3}. The results are presented in the form of graphs.

The results of the research show that the most determining factors affecting the «technological settlements» of the slab foundation of the building are the distance from the pit to the building and the depth of laying the sole of the "wall in the soil". With different combinations of these parameters, the values of calculated vertical deformations of the building can differ up to several times.
Assessment of fire exposure on the load bearing capacity of basement storey walls
Authors: Nosenko Viktor , Fesenko Oleg , Donets Taras
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the numerical modelling of the fire exposure on structural element and its static analysis taking account of the material properties reduction due to elevated temperature.

The reinforced concrete wall of basement storey was subjected to one side fire exposure.

Advanced calculation methods were used to assess the fire exposure on the structural element as most reliable and approximate to fire test results. Thermal analysis was performed with LIRA-CAD software by the simulating of three main heat-transfer ways: thermal conductivity, convection and radiation. As a result of the thermal analysis, temperature distribution in the concrete and reinforcement parts of the structural element cross-section was obtained. The thermal analysis of the wall structural element was performed for 120 minutes in standard fire exposure. Reduction factors for the strength of concrete and reinforcement steel were determined based on the temperature distribution in the wall structural element cross-section. The cross-section is divided into a number of parallel zones of equal thickness where the mean temperature and the corresponding mean compressive strength is assessed according to the Zone method procedure. The fire damaged zone of thickness az at the fire exposed sides and reduced cross-section were obtained.

Static analysis of the wall load-bearing capa-city was performed using the procedure applicable for normal temperature design. The Deformation method for normal temperature design taking to account concrete deformation was used. The Deformation method for normal design taken to account concrete deformation at every step of iteration was used. The reduced load-bearing capacity of the fire damaged wall taking into account residual concrete strength was calculated and relevant load-bearing capacity diagrams were determined.
Assessment of the stress-strain state of pile foundations of a multi-story building with possible water saturation of loess soil
Authors: Zhuk Veronika , Pavlenko Iryna
Published: December 2022

The increase in the density of buildings leads to the need to set aside for development areas that were previously considered unfavorable from the point of view of the quality of the geological conditions. Deposits of loess rocks cover almost 80% of the territory of Ukraine. Such soils are characterized by a negative feature - the ability to rapidly reduce their mechanical properties in contact with liquid and to cause additional subsidence deformations. Based on this, a significant part of buildings and structures is erected in conditions of the possible occurrence of uneven deformations due to water saturation of subsidence soils. Therefore, the foundation structures of these structures must be designed with taking into account the occurrence of subsidence of loess soils.

In their natural state, loess soils have sufficiently high mechanical characteristics due to structural connections. However, as the moisture content increases, the resistance to compression rapidly decreases, structural bonds are destroyed, and soil subsidence is observed.

The modern level of foundation structures design involves the search for a reliable and cost-effective foundation option. This is especially relevant in the conditions of construction on soils that have the property of settling with possible increase in moisture content.

The paper presents the results of a comparison of foundation options, taking into account the influence of possible water saturation of loess soils on the stress-strain state of foundation structures. Different schemes of possible water saturation of loess soils were considered depending on their size and location.

This publication is a continuation of the previously published work [4]. It was about the results of the research, which was devoted to the variant design of foundations using numerical simulation of the joint work of the elements of the "soil base - foundation - above-ground structures" system. According to the results of the study, the choice of a rational option of foundations was substantiated, based on its indicators of reliability and economic efficiency. The conducted research confirms that the size and location of the soaking zones of the subsiding soil affect the nature of the stress distribution in the foundation structures. It is shown that the variant design of foundations, taking into account the negative factors related to the soil conditions of the construction site, as well as man-made situations that may arise during the operation of the building, make it possible to design a reliable and at the same time cost-effective option of the foundations.
The effect of changing the structural scheme of reinforcing strip foundations with short piles
Authors: Maevska Irina , Blashchuk Natalya , Horodnik Liliya
Published: December 2022

In the work, mathematical modeling of the reinforcement of the strip foundation of shallow laying with short piles is performed in two variants: reinforcement at the level of the sole of the existing foundation, reinforcement from the soil surface. For comparison, short piles of different lengths are considered in both versions. In order to verify the possibility of determining the bearing capacity of the reinforced foundation as a conditional foundation of shallow laying, mathematical modeling of the conditional foundation was performed for both variants of the design solution. In mathematical modeling, not only the length varies, but also the pitch of the reinforcement piles, as well as soil conditions. The obtained results were analyzed with a comparison of all options.

The results of the calculations showed that when using short piles, it is effective to switch to the reinforcement option, when there is no need to dig trenches to the level of the sole of the existing foundation, with the placement of the riser of the newly created foundation at the level of the paving or floor. This option excludes time-consuming work of manual digging of trenches, and also allows you to perform reinforcement work not with small grabs, but in an arbitrary manner. In general, this makes it possible to significantly reduce costs of labor, time and money.

Research has established that increasing the pitch of the piles leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the reinforced foundation for both short and long piles, and the consideration of the foundations as conditional arrays is most consistent with the option with a pile pitch of 3d (600 mm).

The results of the calculations also showed that the bearing capacity of the reinforced foundation, obtained by modeling in Plaxis, exceeds the bearing capacity calculated according to the recommendations of the standards. Therefore, the implementation of the load-bearing capacity of the piles and grillage of the newly created pile foundation during reinforcement improves the joint operation of its elements.
Trends in modern construction
Authors: Saviovskyi V.
Published: December 2022

The article highlights the results of analysis and systematization of certain trends in the development of modern construction in Europe and Ukraine. It is indicated on the main directions of increasing the efficiency of investments in construction due to the improvement of structural and organizational and technological solutions.

It was established that one of the priority areas in construction is construction processes aimed at improving the thermal protective properties of buildings, namely, the device for heat insulation of external enclosing structures of walls, roofs, windows, and external doors. This area is key in domestic and European construction. According to statistics, more than 75% of existing civil buildings in Europe and more than 90% in Ukraine do not meet modern standards for energy conservation.

The next direction of development of construction technologies indicates the introduction of prefabricated and prefabricated monolithic structures. The direction in construction, which was recently dominant in our country and over time partially neglected, is reviving again at a rapid pace, both in Europe and in Ukraine. Full-assembly and prefabricated monolithic structures and technologies make it possible to carry out relatively simple technological processes of erecting buildings on a construction site with structures of high factory readiness. This reduces the labor intensity of construction processes, improves the quality of work and does not require a high level of qualification of individual construction professions, such as an installer.

One of the important areas of modern construction is the reconstruction of existing buildings and territories. The reconstruction of civilian buildings is aimed at restoring the operational properties of existing buildings with a possible superstructure, extension, reconstruction and their mandatory thermal modernization. These processes include disassembly of the roofs of low-rise buildings with their subsequent superstructure, extension of balconies, improvement of adjacent areas. These activities are aimed at extending the time frame and improving the conditions for the further operation of buildings. Also, the scope of work on the reconstruction of industrial buildings and territories for objects for civil, socio-cultural purposes, that is, their revitalization, is constantly expanding.
Scientific and methodological substantiation of the design of state programs for the provision of temporary housing to the population affected by aggression RF
Authors: Sorokina L. , Shaposhnikova I. , Stetsenko S. , Hoiko A.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to finding ways to solve the problem of providing housing for the population of Ukraine affected by the military conflict in Russia as soon as possible. The institutional preconditions and macroeconomic consequences of slowing down the implementation of the country's reconstruction projects are considered. An analysis of the proposals of leading economists set out in the Essay on the reconstruction of Ukraine. Three fundamental principles of ensuring effective recovery of the Ukrainian economy and reconstruction of damaged and destroyed housing are formulated and their essence is revealed. The author's proposals on the formation of temporary housing funds for internally displaced persons are substantiated and their contribution to restoring the balance of the primary housing market is proved. The causes of imbalances in the construction market of Ukraine are summarized. A methodical approach to the quantitative assessment of the price-quality ratio of housing in new buildings in Ukraine is proposed. 10 criteria were proposed to determine whether new homes meet market requirements. Within each of the criteria, gradation features were substantiated, which are measured in ordinal and nominal scales. A method for calculating the integrated quality indicator of facilities under construction based on data reduction by the method of main factors has been developed. The classification of housing supply in the primary real estate market according to the system of price - quality criteria, the methodological basis of which was neural network modeling using the Kohonen layer. Given the significance of the results obtained, the classification features that allow to separate those objects of market supply that have a low probability of sale in the next 6 to 12 months are justified. An easy-to-use algorithm for the formation of temporary housing funds for internally displaced persons from apartments-factors of market imbalances is proposed.
Methodology of imputed rent: rethinking of the own housing costs
Authors: Shcherbyna A.
Published: December 2022

International comparisons of household expenditures on housing and communal services, despite a significant increase in tariffs, indicate an unreasonably low absolute and relative level of these expenditures in Ukraine. Analyzing this problem, the article considers the concept of conditional (imputed) rent (rent), which in recent years has been used as macroeconomic statistics and statistics on income and living conditions. The need to reliably determine the conditional rent is due to the differences in the formation of annual expenditures and incomes of households living in their own homes and those who rent housing.

The aim of the article is, however, to compare the statistical expenditures of households on housing and communal services, in particular on housing maintenance services in cases where households are homeowners or tenants and national statistical observations differ in the methods of determining conditional rent or no such definition at all.

The research methodology in this article deals with the definition of conditional rent in Ukraine in scientific publications on housing economics. Such publications are intended to clarify the idea of the full cost of homeowners necessary for its normal reproduction. Therefore, it is important how perfect the methodology for determining the conditional rent abroad is and how domestic statistics determine (or do not determine at all) the conditional rent.

The results of the study indicate the general problems of determining the conditional rent, related to the incompleteness of the information base required for calculations. At the same time, in domestic practice there is a methodological gap in the reflection of conditional rent in macroeconomic statistics of final consumption expenditures of households and the lack of a corresponding indicator in sample surveys of income and expenditure (living conditions). It is concluded that correct comparisons in domestic surveys, further improvement of housing statistics and adjustment of absolute and relative indicators of household expenditures using their own housing, and thus an overall increase in the share of expenditures on housing services.
Using Modular Construction Terms
Authors: Khokhrіakova D.O.
Published: December 2022

With the growing number of international construction projects, the development of the international building materials market and the European integration of Ukraine, there is a growing need to harmonize common terminology in this area. When translating, new borrowed terms still have weak family ties in the new language, which means there is a high risk of inadequate use. The article is devoted to the analysis of terms and definitions related to modular construction in modern construction terminology for their further use in the harmonization of international standards and inclusion in explanatory dictionaries of construction terms. Terms such as prefab and modular construction refer to off-site or on-site prefabrication and process improvement, and refer to new borrowed terms. These terms require critical analysis, as they are usually used as synonyms, because designers and builders are not always aware of their difference, which causes a lot of confusion. To substantiate the terminology of modular construction, one should rely on the experience of leading specialized construction companies and the opinion of foreign scientists involved in research in this area. Triumph Modular advises considering "prefab" as a general term because it refers to prefabrication and is used in relation to anything that takes place off site. Moreover, panel sections (walls, roofs and floors), which significantly speed up the assembly at the construction site, it is appropriate to call prefab – structures, but not modules. The trade association Modular Building Institute suggests that the term "modules" refers to a special kind of prefabricated components that form a space, such as an entire room. The author also analyzed the relevant terms and definitions contained in the current regulations and guidelines of the UK – the world's leading country in terms of the volume and pace of modular construction. Based on the results of the analysis of the harmonization of the terms of modular construction, it is proposed to carry out on the basis of the following statements: it is volumetric-block structural systems that should be considered modular; modular relate primarily to systems with a wooden and metal frame; modular construction is more capital construction.
Theoretical and methodological approach to the competitiveness of enterprises
Authors: Bielienkova O.Yu. , Molodid O.O. , Gavrilyuk V.Ya
Published: December 2022

In the article, the analysis of theoretical approaches to the formation of the concept of "competitiveness of the enterprise" and the definition of methodical approaches to the assessment of the level of competitiveness of the enterprise of the healthy and the budvelous enterprise of the zocrema are analyzed. The review of literature sources allowed to identify the main problems that need to be addressed for proper methodological support of competitiveness management of construction companies, namely: substantiation of a set of diagnostic indicators and development, testing and bringing to specific guidelines algorithmic sequence of diagnostic procedures based on diagnostic procedures.

In addition, the methodological security of managing the competitiveness of businesses in everyday life can aggregate the most successful and efficient warehouses of the most important scientific and applied developments, thus confirming their effectiveness in managing businesses of other types of activities. Therefore, using the method of forming a methodological basis for evaluating the level of the building capacity of business enterprises to save competitiveness, we analyzed it with a further systematization, first indicators for evaluating competitiveness and methods of recruitment in the city. Second, groups of methods for assessing the competitiveness of enterprises were classified. A number of indicators have been identified that allow assessing and determining the level of competitiveness of a construction company (such as increasing the rate of renewal of the active part of fixed assets, reducing the duration of working capital, increasing productivity, increase in the level of return on wages, reduce the level of current costs per unit of marketable products, increase the level of product quality, return on investment, total cost of production resources per unit of output, profitability (profitability) of products, equity, payback period, etc.) allows to assess the level of competitiveness of the construction company.
Transformatization of accounting in the digitalization of the economy
Authors: Ivanova T.N.
Published: December 2022

The existing system of accounting in enterprises needs to be transformed in the context of globalization of the economy and its digitalization. Analysis of existing approaches to the training of accountants and current requirements of stakeholders to it indicate a lack of practical readiness of graduates for modern challenges of the digital economy.

The purpose of the study is to determine changes in the accounting system and their impact on enterprise management and training of accounting professionals in terms of its digitalization in the economy and the world.

The article considers the existing approaches to the accounting system in enterprises and the role of the accountant. The main advantages of accounting in the digital economy are identified, the need for its transformation in today's conditions is proved, as well as the challenges facing future accountants in the digitalization. The main trends in the development of the accounting system in the digital economy necessitate advanced skills of accountants, which are information technology, analysis of large data, communication skills and opportunities to promote accounting services as a business on social networks. Approaches to the content of the profession of "accountant" requires a qualitative transformation in the context of widespread use in accounting processes of digital technologies.

 In the context of digitalization of accounting due to the wider capabilities of the system, the accountant-analyst can give useful advice to the head of the company and justify the effectiveness of important management decisions. With the help of information technology used by modern accounting system, the accountant has more time to quickly and efficiently perform functional tasks, as well as data analysis and financial reporting. Owners (managers), receiving analytical, accurate and timely information, can focus on strategic goals and solving complex problems.

It is proposed to include in educational programs in the field of specialties competencies that will promote the competitiveness of future and existing accountants in the digital economy.
Research of pricing processes in the regional markets of autoclaved aerated concrete of Ukraine in 2020 on the basis of cluster analysis
Authors: Skrypnyk O.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the situation of regional aerated concrete markets in Ukraine in 2020 and the processes of pricing on them using cluster analysis.

The interrelation of the main indicators of the situation in the regional markets of aerated concrete, taking into account the peculiarities of pricing in an oligopoly, is described. The level of aerated concrete supply in the regional markets of Ukraine is estimated on the basis of data on the territorial location of aerated concrete producers in Ukraine and the directions of their distribution of their products, as well as the volume and territorial distribution of imports. The level of demand for aerated concrete in each region of Ukraine is estimated on the basis of data on regional construction volumes, regional real estate prices and regional price of aerated concrete. The relationship between the supply of aerated concrete in the regions of Ukraine and the level of prices for it, as well as between the demand for aerated concrete in the regions of Ukraine and the level of prices for it. Based on the comparison of the relative levels of regional demand and supply of aerated concrete, the balance of the aerated concrete market in each region of Ukraine is determined. Regional clusters of the aerated concrete market of Ukraine have been formed according to the indicators of the level of aerated concrete prices and the balance of the respective regional market. The expediency of introduction of complex regulation of pricing in the regional markets of aerated concrete of Ukraine by aerated concrete producers and the state is substantiated, and also necessity and possible directions of regulation of prices for aerated concrete for each of the defined clusters are defined.
Unique innovative ecotechnologies for protecting from corrosion metal-capacitive structures
Authors: Savenko V.I. , Nesterenko I.S. , Vysotska L.M. , Polozskyj Y.L. , Popkov V.P.
Published: December 2022

Currently, corrosion losses in industrialized countries reach 3-5% of national income. This is especially true of metallurgical and chemical enterprises, oil and gas pipelines, watercraft and others, where elements and structures operate in highly aggressive environments of 4-5 degrees. The total damage from corrosion is billions of dollars due to emergencies, environmental disasters and so on. According to statistics, the lack of corrosion protection is the cause of almost 25 percent of accidents

As a result of corrosion, metals are converted into various compounds – oxides, hydroxides or salts, in the form of which they are in nature. It is difficult to take into account indirect losses from downtime and reduced productivity of equipment that has undergone corrosion, from disruption of the normal course of technological processes, from accidents caused by reduced strength of metal structures. Up to 10 percent of the produced metal is lost due to corrosion.

There are also indirect losses that are difficult to predict or predict. These are losses from downtime and reduced productivity of equipment that has undergone corrosion, from the disruption of normal technological processes, from accidents caused by reduced strength of metal structures, environmental pollution, insurance benefits and, most importantly, from fatalities. Corrosion research suggests that corrosion protection is first and foremost the correct surface preparation and then the sealant or paint. As a result of experiments and tests, the substance CONTRRUST was obtained and patented – a universal eco-material based on plants-modifier-converter, which converts rust into helatic metal polymers. The composition, properties and uses of the material, named and patented as CONTRRUST, have been thoroughly researched and implemented.
Improvement of organizational work on the implementation of architectural and construction control
Authors: Zeltser R.Y. , Kolot M.A. , Panasyuk I.O.
Published: December 2022

Urban reform has passed the next stage: State Architectural and Construction Inspectorate has been officially liquidated, a new body of the State Inspectorate for Architecture and Urban Planning (SIAUP) is starting work. This is one of the important steps in reforming the construction industry.

Innovations eliminate the influence of the human factor, direct contact with officials, document management will be translated into digital format. The portal of the Unified State Electronic System in the field of construction is already working.

The main task of SIAUP is the implementation of state policy on architectural and construction control and supervision, including: implementation of state architectural and construction control and supervision, licensing of economic activities for the construction of facilities that belong to the class of consequences (responsibilities). projects with medium (SS2) and significant (SS3) consequences, and control over the observance by business entities of licensing conditions for conducting economic activities for the construction of facilities that by class of consequences (liability) belong to facilities with medium (SS2) ) and significant (SS3) consequences.

SIAUP has the authority to conduct inspections; issue instructions to eliminate violations of legal requirements, stop preparatory and construction works, eliminate violations of licensing conditions; carry out licensing; cancels or suspends the decisions of the objects of supervision, etc.

SIAUP exercises its powers directly and through duly established territorial bodies. The duty to monitor compliance with the law in urban planning is the responsibility of local authorities. Private companies will appear on the market, which will be able to perform the function of state control.

SIAUP is headed by a chairman, who is appointed and dismissed by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
Ukrainian practice of strategic planning in the fields of energy efficiency, renewable energy and climate change prevention
Authors: Tormosov R. , Chupryna Iu. , Kapustian M. , Polzikov М.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the basic strategic documents in the fields of energy efficiency, energy saving and the development of renewable energy sources. Certain problems of the practical implementation of these basic documents have been identified and the need to introduce a comprehensive approach to their solution has been substantiated. The methodological principles of strategic planning at the local level, reflected in the developed Action Plans for sustainable energy development and climate, are highlighted, and their place in the comprehensive system of strategic planning is determined. There is a justified need to develop strategic documents in the field of energy efficiency and the development of alternative energy at the regional level. A vision of a complex end-to-end vertical system of strategic energy planning at the national, regional and local levels is proposed. A new economic category of coalescence was introduced as the result of purposeful merging (coalescence) of elements into a system to obtain new emergent qualities and ensure maximum screening (filtration) of negative influences (action of factors). The methodological significance for economic science of this category lies in its ability to ensure the strengthening of integration processes within the energy cluster, to enable the creation of conditions for comprehensive organizational, informational, educational, methodical, material, financial and technical support for the process of generating public needs for energy-efficient sustainable development. The content of a number of leading research definitions, in particular "coalescent structure", "coalescent-structured energy cluster", is substantiated. The last definition is defined by the author as "an innovative structure of a hybrid type, which, in the format of long-term economic and social interaction, integrates the potential and efforts of stakeholders to realize the goals of sustainable socio-economic development of communities through the preparation and implementation of a number of territorially localized and socially oriented modernization projects of existing infrastructural facilities objects and the creation of a new socially significant energy infrastructure connected by a single link.
Determination of the impact of the load on buildings for the subsequent optimal choice of the organizational and technological solution of the construction project
Authors: Тугай О.А. , Samaha Toni
Published: December 2022

The present document helps to determine the impact of loads on buildings for the subsequent optimal choice of the organizational and technological solution of the construction project.

In further studies it is shown that the effect of loads has a major influence on the process of construction and the optimization of the time cost efficiency. The known literatures describe the loads as a statistical variable which is related to the local, environmental and useable conditions of the project.

All types of loads, static and dynamic, directly reduce or increase the cost of the project, it depends of the consideration taken during the design. For example, the main variable that will be considered in this document is the soil effect on the cost of the structure under static and dynamic loads, if it is taken or not into account during the design of the superstructure, and how it changes the whole behavior of any structure making it more rigid or more flexible.

A particular study is done here down in this document showing the effects of soil on two different buildings during a dynamic impact (seismic event in our case). Moreover, this document provides with the needed formulas and tools to describe the soil material in 3D design softwares. The use of these tools will let the structural designer to change the response spectra curve and reduce the influence of the dynamic impact on the building. Thus, a comparative table will show the difference between the use of rigid base models and flexible ones to spotlight the effects of the soil. Furthermore, a sensitivity study is done showing the contribution part of some formulas in the soil consideration. 

The reduction in the base shear will allow the client and contract to reduce the budget of the project and by this an optimization of the constructional time can be done.
Prospects of development of acid–resistant hybrid cements on the basis of alkaline–activated binders
Authors: Zozulynets V. , Kovalchuk O.
Published: December 2022

Quite often during operation, construction products and structures are exposed to aggressive environments, which leads to a decrease in their physical and mechanical characteristics and durability in general.

To date, there is a wide range of options for eliminating the effects of structural failure, and new recommendations are being developed to prevent destructive processes that take place in the body of artificial cement stone. The issue of improving the acid resistance of building materials is no exception. Unfortunately, the existing acid–resistant materials, although characterized by high resistance to operation in acidic environments, but under the influence of water and with the change of environment to neutral or alkaline, they are also destroyed. This applies directly to acid–resistant materials based on liquid glass.

An analysis of existing research has confirmed the effectiveness of using alkaline–activated binder systems as a basis for acid–resistant cements especially when comparing them with Portland cement. This is primarily due to the difference in the phase composition of their cement stone, which is characterized by the absence of highly basic hydrosilicates of calcium, etringite, free lime and the presence of alkaline and alkaline earth hydrosilicate and hydroaluminosilicate neoplasms. The latter, as research experience has shown, provide improved performance properties of materials based on alkaline–activated binders. They are also characterized by increased acid resistance. Thus, the main task of research is to determine the optimal ratio in the cement stone of the hybrid composition of the phases of the systems систем СaO – SiO2 – H2O; Na2O – CaO – Al2O3 – SiO2 – H2O and Na2O – Al2O3 – SiO2 – H2O, which will provide both hydrating properties of the binder and high acid resistance.

The concept that clearly reflects the prospects of research is to consider the main factors influencing the formation of acid–resistant phases: "composition – properties – structure – technology". To study the physicochemical conditions of synthesis it is necessary to study model systems of different compositions of R2O – CaO – Al2O3 – SiO2 – H2O, as well as study of technological factors such as component composition, cooking conditions, curing conditions. As a raw material base, it is advisable to use man–made products of industrial production, which are generally represented by slag, ash, etc.
Stimulation of investment activities in the conditions of infrastructure restoration and country development
Authors: Zeltser R. , Tytok V.
Published: December 2022

Today, Ukraine remains an investment-attractive country. The state has the potential to adequately respond to all these challenges, both new and inherited. Throughout the period of our struggle for independence, with the losses we suffered: human, industrial, loss of sales markets and traditional partners, the economy of Ukraine continues to work. Having lost some traditional advantages, we have gained new ones. The sphere of investments was and remains an object of joint interests of both the state and business. This is manifested in the search for sources and ways to increase the efficiency of investments, optimization of investment activities, analysis of investment success in various industries and in the economy as a whole. In this regard, the key importance in the development of the investment process belongs to the state.

A necessary condition for the recovery of Ukraine's economy is high investment activity. It is achieved by increasing the volume of realized investment resources and their most effective use in priority areas of the economy and social sphere. Investments form production potential on a new scientific and technical base and increase Ukraine's competitive position on the world market.

The problem of creating a favorable investment climate for attracting investments to the Ukrainian economy has become particularly acute in recent years. The relevant investment policy is supposed to play a decisive role in its solution. The government approved the draft law on simplifying the permitting procedures for acquiring the right to land and for starting construction during the implementation of projects aimed at restoring the economy. Also, Law of Ukraine No. 1116 dated February 17, 2022 "On State Support of Investment Projects with Significant Investments in Ukraine" (Law on Investment Nurses) entered into force, the purpose of which is to attract significant investments to the economy of Ukraine. In accordance with the Law and relevant amendments to the Tax and Customs Codes of Ukraine, a package of special investment incentives will be available for investment projects that meet certain requirements.
Efficiency and optimization of building insulation with the help of facade systems
Authors: Savenko V. , Dubynka O. , Orishchenko V. , Polosenko O. , Tugai A.
Published: December 2022

In the article Selection of optimal technological solutions for the installation of hinged ventilated facades using calculations. Necessary factors are identified, in which the optimal methods of facade insulation, the minimum period of time for installation work and the corresponding cost of materials and works are determined. Optimization of organizational and technological solutions can be achieved due to the limit limitations of design indicators. The solution of this task was carried out using the combination of duration and cost diagrams.

Minimization of resource costs can be achieved by increasing the number of work teams and working days per week. According to the results of the research, the following parameters of the technological process were recommended for the use of the following parameters of the technological process, provided that the minimum indicators of cost and duration were achieved when installing single-layer thermal insulation systems: - number of crews - 3; - number of working days per week - 6.

The construction duration indicator is one of the most important at all stages of organizational, design and economic preparation for the installation of the house insulation system. The duration of warming is determined according to the calendar schedule. In turn, the cost of construction and installation work may change during the construction process due to changes in the cost of the project as a whole. Therefore, it is also quite relevant to determine the influence of organizational and technological factors on it.
Analysis of the labor consumption and duration of the assembly processes of structural coating plates blocks using the crane method
Authors: Sobko Y.T. , Novak Y.V.
Published: December 2022

The labor intensity of the construction process is determined by the methods of technical standardization of processes by the methods of time tracking. On the basis of these observations, regulations are developed in the form of GN or other collections of norms of labor costs. Labor intensity is measured in person–hours, and the rate of labor costs is derived from the rate of time, taking into account the number of performers. Variants of consolidation and installation of structural plates of the covering are not typical. The main processes necessary for the duration and labor–intensiveness of the structural slabs of the coating by the free method have been analyzed. A potential development has been identified that will ensure a reduction in the labor–intensiveness of the assembly process and provide cyclical assembly work. The consolidation process is optionally performed on the assembly stand, which belongs to the assembly equipment equipment. To install the stand, a site is specially prepared in the form of a horizontally planned surface of the earth with a layer of compacted crushed stone. Cells made of wooden sleepers are placed on the crushed stone, which are set according to vertical planning marks with the help of geodetic devices. Then a collection stand is installed on the sleeping cells. Structurally, the stand consists of several parts. That is why the manufacturability of the installation of the structural plates of the covering was improved by means of constructive and technological solutions. First, the columns are mounted (columns with a height of 12 m were used for the analysis), so it is not possible to carry out consolidation in the area of the columns. The stands are placed next to each other in the working area of the crane. All calculations were performed in tabular form according to the formula. The installation process of 12 m high columns includes the sub–processes of unloading and disassembly, installation and fastening. The components of these processes are actions (operations). According to the methodology, a schedule of the processes of consolidation and installation of blocks of structural slabs with preliminary installation of columns according to the corresponding calculations was built.
Use of waste of metallurgical and hydrogen industry in the production of binding substances
Authors: Shyshkina O.O. , Shyshkin O.O.
Published: December 2022

The current state of construction science development dictates the use of high–strength binders and concrete based on them during the construction of unique buildings and structures, as well as the construction of complex constructions and their repair.Currently, two main directions in the use of mineral raw materials have been clearly defined. The first direction consists in increasing the degree of use of natural resources at existing and new enterprises. The second is in the creation of zero–waste and low–waste productions associated with technologies aimed at maximum utilization of waste. Thus, multi–tonnage waste of metallurgical enterprises – domain slag – found wide application, first of all, in the building materials industry.

The effect of the interaction between sodium silicates and iron compounds and the resulting so–called slag binder, which is a mixture of granulated blast furnace slag with waste from mining and beneficiation plants (iron–containing mineral complex), closed with water, was established.These two provisions served as the basis for obtaining a new type of binder, the so–called alkaline slag slurry, which is a mixture of granulated blast furnace slag with an iron–containing mineral complex. At the same time, iron ore beneficiation waste is used as an iron–containing mineral complex. The specified mixture, when mixed with an aqueous solution of an alkaline component, in the presence of a hydrophobic surface–active substance hardens with the formation of an artificial stone, which has a compressive strength of up to 160 MPa. In a model experiment, the influence of the composition of the composite, which is a mixture of industrial production waste: granulated blast furnace slag and iron ore beneficiation waste, on the strength of the stone obtained as a result of the hardening of this composite when mixing it with an aqueous solution of an alkaline component in the presence of a hydrophobic surfactant was studied.