bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of 3D-Printed Interpenetrating Hydrogel Scaffolds for Promoting Chondrogenic Differentiation
Authors: Guan Jian , Yuan Fu-zhen , Mao Zi-mu , Zhu Hai-lin , Lin Lin , Chen Harry Huimin , Yu Jia-kuo
Published: June 2021

The limited self-healing ability of cartilage necessitates the application of alternative tissue engineering strategies for repairing the damaged tissue and restoring its normal function. Compared to conventional tissue engineering strategies, three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a greater potential for developing tissue-engineered scaffolds. Herein, we prepared a novel photocrosslinked printable cartilage ink comprising of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (CSMA). The PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed favorable compressive elastic modulus and degradation rate. In vitro experiments showed good adhesion, proliferation, and F-actin and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. When the CSMA concentration was increased, the compressive elastic modulus, GAG production, and expression of F-actin and cartilage-specific genes (COL2, ACAN, SOX9, PRG4) were significantly improved while the osteogenic marker genes of COL1 and ALP were decreased. The findings of the study indicate that the 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed not only adequate mechanical strength but also maintained a suitable 3D microenvironment for differentiation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production of BMSCs, which suggested this customizable 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffold may have great potential for cartilage repair and regeneration in vivo.
Identifying the Branch of Kiwifruit Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Images Using Deep Learning Method
Authors: Niu Zijie , Deng Juntao , Zhang Xu , Zhang Jun , Pan Shijia , Mu Haotian
Published: June 2021

It is important to obtain accurate information about kiwifruit vines to monitoring their physiological states and undertake precise orchard operations. However, because vines are small and cling to trellises, and have branches laying on the ground, numerous challenges exist in the acquisition of accurate data for kiwifruit vines. In this paper, a kiwifruit canopy distribution prediction model is proposed on the basis of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images and deep learning techniques. First, the location of the kiwifruit plants and vine distribution are extracted from high-precision images collected by UAV. The canopy gradient distribution maps with different noise reduction and distribution effects are generated by modifying the threshold and sampling size using the resampling normalization method. The results showed that the accuracies of the vine segmentation using PSPnet, support vector machine, and random forest classification were 71.2%, 85.8%, and 75.26%, respectively. However, the segmentation image obtained using depth semantic segmentation had a higher signal-to-noise ratio and was closer to the real situation. The average intersection over union of the deep semantic segmentation was more than or equal to 80% in distribution maps, whereas, in traditional machine learning, the average intersection was between 20% and 60%. This indicates the proposed model can quickly extract the vine distribution and plant position, and is thus able to perform dynamic monitoring of orchards to provide real-time operation guidance.
Examining the Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Net Crop Income in the Ethiopian Nile Basin: A Ricardian Fixed Effect Approach
Authors: Baylie Melese Mulu , Fogarassy Csaba
Published: June 2021

Climate change affects crop production by distorting the indestructible productive power of the land. The objective of this study is to examine the economic impacts of climate change on net crop income in Nile Basin Ethiopia using a Ricardian fixed effect approach employing the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) household survey data for Ethiopia in 2015 and 2016. The survey samples were obtained through a three-stage stratified sampling technique from the five regions (Amhara, Tigray, Benishangul Gumuz, Oromia, and Southern Nation Nationality and People (SNNP) along the Nile basin Ethiopia. There are only 12–14% female household heads while there are 80–86% male households in the regions under study. In the regions, more than half of (64%) the household heads are illiterate and almost only one-tenth of them (12%) had received remittance from abroad from their relatives or children. Crop variety adoption rate is minimal, adopted by the 31% of farmers. Only 30% of the surveyed farmers mentioned that they planted their crop seeds in row whereas the rest 70% had not applied this method. The regression results from the fixed effect least square dummy variable model showed that literacy, household size, remittance, asset value, and total land holdings have significant and positive impacts on the net crop income per hectare. The regional dummy variables estimate indicated that all the regions are negatively affected by climate change at varying levels. Strategies to climate change adaptation have significant and positive contributions in leveraging the damaging effects of climate change. The results also showed that increased winter and summer temperature and rainfall increase net crop income per hectare. The estimated coefficient of the interaction term of spring temperature and rainfall is significant and negative. On the other hand, while the mean annual temperature is damaging to crops, annual rainfall is beneficial. It can be deduced that, while increased temperature and rainfall in summer and winter increase the net crop income, the converse is true for winter and spring seasons. The study also proposes a specific, context-dependent, farm-level adaptation analysis of how farmers cope with the different climatic impacts of the Nile Basin and maintain the income levels that they have previously enjoyed.
Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Itch (CKD-aI) in Children—A Narrative Review
Authors: Reszke Radomir , Kiliś-Pstrusińska Katarzyna , Szepietowski Jacek C.
Published: June 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of widespread epidemiology and serious consequences affecting all organs of the organism and associated with significant mortality. The knowledge on CKD is rapidly evolving, especially concerning adults. Recently, more data is also appearing regarding CKD in children. Chronic itch (CI) is a common symptom appearing due to various underlying dermatological and systemic conditions. CI may also appear in association with CKD and is termed chronic kidney disease-associated itch (CKD-aI). CKD-aI is relatively well-described in the literature concerning adults, yet it also affects children. Unfortunately, the data on paediatric CKD-aI is particularly scarce. This narrative review aims to describe various aspects of CKD-aI with an emphasis on children, based on the available data in this population and the data extrapolated from adults. Its pathogenesis is described in details, focusing on the growing role of uraemic toxins (UTs), as well as immune dysfunction, altered opioid transmission, infectious agents, xerosis, neuropathy and dialysis-associated aspects. Moreover, epidemiological and clinical aspects are reviewed based on the few data on CKD-aI in children, whereas treatment recommendations are proposed as well, based on the literature on CKD-aI in adults and own experience in managing CI in children.
The use of personal telemedical system for monitoring the condition of patients during rehabilitation in the inpatient facility
Authors: Eremenko A. A. , Rostunova N. V. , Budagyan S. A. , Karpova O. V.
Published: June 2021

An autonomous wearable patient monitor with the function of broadcasting the measured parameters via wireless channels of computer networks to the server (to the cloud), and from there to the central console of the department, remote computers, tablets and doctors’ smartphones was tested. It was used to monitor the vital parameters of the patient’s body during rehabilitation in the inpatient facility. Various load programs have been tested: exercise therapy, kinesiotherapy, mechanotherapy, and verticalization.
Physiotherapy of the ear, nose and throat diseases
Authors: Gerasimenko M. Yu. , Zaytseva T. N. , Evstigneeva I. S.
Published: June 2021

The article provides a review of the literature, allowing to give a historical basis for the emergence of modern approaches to the physiotherapeutic treatment of ENT diseases. Several main highly effective directions of non-pharmacological action in ENT pathology are presented. Issues of physiotherapeutic treatment, which are focused on correcting complications of the disease or adverse reactions, are discussed. The indications are given for various methods of physiotherapeutic treatment in the pathology of the ENT organs.
Diagnosis and treatment of chronic venous obstruction: consensus statement of the Russian experts (part 2)
Authors: Lobastov K.V. , Bondarchuk D.V. , Borsuk D.A. , Bredikhin R.A. , Bukina O.V. , Pankov A.S , Porembskaya O.Ya. , Sonkin I.N. , Schastlivtsev I.V. , Tauraginskii R.A.
Published: June 2021

This consensus statement of Russian experts is based on a review of the relevant literature on the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of non-thrombotic and post-thrombotic venous obstruction, as well as management of patients after venous stenting. In the Part 1 we discussed the clinical manifestations of venous obstruction, the role of duplex ultrasound scan, CT venography, MR venography, direct venography, and intravascular ultrasound scan, as well as typical findings obtained by using these methods. The authors mentioned the functional assessment of venous outflow in healthy subjects and in those with obstruction and changes in them after the intervention. In conclusion, the authors formulated the suggestions for clinical recommendations on the diagnosis of chronic venous obstruction.
Frequency and structure of purulent inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region
Authors: Normurodov B. K. , Djuraev J. A. , Shaumarov A. Z. , Akhmedov J. M.
Published: June 2021

The frequency and structure of purulent-inflammatory diseases of maxillofacial region are analyzed. Medical documentation of patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of maxillofacial region was studied. According to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, multidisciplinary clinic of Tashkent medical academy (TMA) from period 2017–2018yy. specialized medical care for purulent-inflammatory diseases was provided to 593 patients. Some causes of the development of purulent-inflammatory diseases are determined taking into account the spectrum of identified microorganisms. Factors affecting of timing and quality of treatment of purulent inflammatory diseases have been established.
Medical expert assessment of defects in the provision of medical care for emergency surgical abdominal pathology
Authors: Yarema V. I. , Barinov E. Kh. , Osipova I. V.
Published: June 2021

The article presents a literature review on the assessment of defects and medical care, as well as the prevention of defects and conflict situations that arise during the treatment of patients with emergency surgical abdominal pathology. Unfortunately, mortality among urgent surgical patients and diseases of the abdominal organs is in the leading positions among all causes of death, despite the improvement of diagnostic methods, the emergence of new medical equipment and drugs, as well as the developed standards of approaches to the treatment of this category of patients. The paper presents statistics on the incidence of abdominal pathology and the mortality rate among the population of our country. We have studied clinical guidelines and standards for the provision of medical care to patients with acute abdominal pathology and analyzed the work on the assessment of medical care, medical errors, conflicts between the patient and the surgeon, as well as the works describing the individual characteristics of various diseases over the past decades. The article discusses in detail the causes of professional errors and defects in medical care, which include: information and deontological defects, defects in the organization of the treatment process, defects in diagnosis and defects in the treatment itself. Studied in detail the stages of the examination to assess the medical care provided. Examples of the course of the main surgical diseases of the abdominal organs in various groups of patients are described. The possible measures to prevent professional errors in doctors and patients have been studied in detail.
Medical education — a new cycle under new rules: a note to the accountant
Authors: Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I.
Published: June 2021

The changes in the procedure for providing paid educational services by budget educational institutions, approved by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1441 of September 15, 2020 for the period up to December 31, 2026, which entered into force on January 1, 2021, are considered. A comparative analysis of the previously valid and newly approved rules for the provision of paid educational services, which should be guided by medical educational institutions in the next five years, is carried out. The article analyzes the procedure for obtaining targeted education, its implementation in medical educational institutions, and the features of further employment of graduates.
Innovative technologies of dairy cattle reproduction
Authors: Popov N. A. , Ivanov Yu. A. , Skorkin V. K. , Sidorova V. Yu.
Published: June 2021

The American company for the reproduction of dairy cattle – World Wide Sires was formed in 1976 in the United States, and its subsidiary World Wide Sires Russia – in 2006 in the Russian Federation. Over the past decades the average milk yield of cows has been increased significantly, but their fertility has been decreased. A comparison of the DNA of cows producing about 20,000 kg of milk and more than 1,000 kg of milk fat per lactation has shown a genetic association between the milk yield of cows and the fertility of breeding sires. Therefore, one of the directions of the company’s development is the development of innovative technologies for improving reproduction with the genetic improvement of breeding traits of breeding sires. Improving the fertility of Holstein sires and their high-quality semen are the main conditions for solving problems related to the reproductive function of animals. Application of index selection programs, including OptiFeed (optimal feeding), Production-max (best production), Fertility (high reproduction capacity), etc. are powerful lever of herd management. All available genetic indexes are directly or indirectly included in the general index of breeding value of the sire – TPI. One of the methods of refining the index system is the use of ultrasexed semen with 4 million sperm cells in a dose, which increases fertilization in heifers and cows by 5 and 6 %, respectively. Another method of refi ning the index system was the definition of inbreeding. For example, an increase in inbreeding by 1 % led to a decrease in the dollar profit index NM$ by 24 points, added 36 undesirable days to the age of the first calving, reduced productive life by 13 days, reduced milk yield by an average of 358 kg of milk and 11,3 kg of milk protein per lactation. The cost of each additional day of the open days’ period after the start of the hunt ranged from 220 to 370 rubles loss per 1 cow per year.
Underground waters in the territory of the Shchuchansky district in the Kurgan region and their ecological evaluation
Authors: Smirnov M. N. , Koshelev S. N. , Kostomakhin M. N.
Published: June 2021

More than 75 % of the drinking water demand in the territory of the former USSR is met by underground water reserves. Along with a serious approach to the pollution of surface waters, soils, atmospheric air, the ecological state of underground waters is given an unjustifiably small importance. The availability of fresh, environmentally friendly water in sufficient quantities is the basis for the life of both humans and all ecosystem participants. The current ecological situation in the Shchuchansky district in the Kurgan region is formed under the influence of numerous factors of natural and manmade origin. The purpose of the research was to assess the quality of underground water located on the territory of the Shchuchansky district in the Kurgan region. The theoretical material of the ecological state of the territory in the Shchuchansky district has been presented in the article. Descriptions of laboratory studies of underground water have been given, and sources of pollution have been indicated. The conducted evaluation of the quality of underground water according to hydrochemical indicators did not reveal the excess of permissible concentrations of pollutants. The underground waters of Chumlyak, Kolmakovo-Miasskoye and the town Shchuchye are more susceptible to pollution. The lowest content of chlorides and sulfates in wells and boreholes has been found in the Petrovskoye and in the Puktysh, nitrites and nitrates in the Nikitino, and ammonium nitrogen in the Naumovka. Studies of the concentrations of heavy metals in underground sources have been shown an increased iron content in them at the level of 1,1-1,6 maximum allowable concentration. The content of copper, zinc and manganese in underground waters did not exceed the maximum allowable concentration. The highest concentration of copper has been found in wells and boreholes in the Kolmakovo-Miasskoye, and manganese in boreholes in the town Shchuchye.
Main trends and problems of spatial development of agricultural land use and land tenure in the Non-Chernozem Economic Zone of Russia
Authors: Polunin G.A. , Alakoz V.V.
Published: June 2021

The article outlines the main trends in the spatial development of agricultural land use and land tenure in the Non-Chernozem Economic Zone of the European part of Russia, which are summarized in several groups; worldwide trends, the most significant changes in countries, production and market phenomena, changes in the forms and types of ownership and land management. An assessment of the main problems that prevent the spatial development of agricultural land use is considered in the article paying the special attention to the areas unfavorable for agricultural production. The authors describe the existing problems in the field of land relations and administration of agricultural lands.
Middle East and UN
Authors: Ivanov S.
Published: June 2021

As a matter of fact whole UN 75 years history has been preoccupied by Middle East agenda in its diversity. All along this period the Security Counsil of UN has issued and still is issueing plenty of its resolutions in an endeavour to placate situations caused by numerous and endless conflicts of the diff erent intensity in the region. In the long run Middle East has turned to become dependent in the most crucial cases on the political will and capability of the SC to play decisive mission in downgradeing the regional mess resulted mostly by meddlings of the diff erent kinds by the influencial outregional forces. Nowadays more active and positive role of UN which it played in the past could be restored by bridging the diff erences and build up confidence between permanent members of the SC.
Tasks of improving the UN's activities and training personnel for work in the Organization
Authors: Kutovoy E.
Published: June 2021

The article presents a personal view of the former executive offi cer of the Permanent Mission of the Russian Federation/USSR to the UN on the state, problems and prospects of development of this Organization. It provides an analysis of the activities of UN member States and their foreign ministries to use opportunities to preserve peace and international security. Particular attention is paid to the inconsistency of the US course in the fi eld of arms control, reform of the UN and its Security Council, with an emphasis on the analysis of Russia's position. The article highlights the activities of the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs in preparing recommendations for Russian delegations when discussing specifi c items on the approved agenda at the annual sessions of the General Assembly. Much attention is paid to those areas of the UN's activities, the regulation of which would meet the interests of Russia and other Member states: the fi ght against international terrorism and organized crime; ensuring international security; promoting economic development of the UN state; prevention of armed confl icts; strengthening the cooperation of Member States in the fi ght against infectious and other dangerous diseases. The need to improve the structures and apparatus of the UN is emphasized. In this regard, it is emphasized the need to organize at a high professional level training of competent specialists for work on the UN line in the Russian Foreign Ministry and in the UN structures in New York, Vienna, Geneva, etc.
New "S" powers of the state: theoretical aspect (soft, smart, sharp power)
Authors: Tabarintseva-Romanova K.
Published: June 2021

In connection with the ongoing geopolitical transformations and the increase in the importance of information technologies in world politics, there is an increase in the terminological apparatus of international and scientifi c discourse. The article analyzes such “new” concepts as: smart power, normative power, sharp power, which are a kind of hybrid of traditional concepts of “soft” and “hard” power.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING ORGANIC MILK PRODUCTION COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Суровцев В.Н. , Паюрова Е.Н. , Никулина Ю.Н. , Шульгин И.К. , Лужняк В.Д. , Савельев А.И.
Published: June 2021

Рассмотрены перспективы развития органического молочного скотоводства в Российской Федерации, обусловленные вступлением в действие закона «Об органической продукции». Проанализированы факторы, способствующие развитию производства органического молока: возможность реализации эффекта масштаба, организация производства на необрабатываемых в течение ряда лет землях, свободных от остаточных проявлений интенсивной обработки, благоприятная конъюнктура внутреннего рынка, государственная поддержка экспорта. Определены основные сдерживающие факторы: отсутствие апробированных и адаптированных к региональным условиям технологий; усиление требований к качеству планирования и контроля; дефицит квалифицированных специалистов, имеющих опыт производства органической продукции; отсутствие узнаваемости бренда, негарантированность получения высокой ценовой премии. Исследованы возможности инновационных цифровых технологий в повышении производительности и результативности труда специалистов в кормопроизводстве и молочном скотоводстве, в обеспечении прослеживаемости и управляемости производственно-хозяйственного процесса в отрасли, контроля соответствия сырья и продукции требованиям к органическому производству.

The article considers the prospects for the development of organic dairy farming in the Russian Federation, due to the entry into force of the law «On Organic Products». Factors contributing to the development of organic milk production were analyzed: the possibility of realizing economies of scale, the organization of production on uncultivated lands for several years, free from residual effects of intensive processing, favorable situation on the domestic market, government support for exports. Identified the main constraints: the lack of tested and adapted to regional conditions technologies; increased requirements for quality planning and monitoring; the shortage of qualified specialists with experience in organic production; lack of brand recognition, non-guaranteed high price premium. The article explores the possibilities of innovative digital technologies to improve the productivity of specialists in fodder production and dairy farming, provide traceability and manageability of production and economic process in the industry, control of compliance of raw materials and products with the requirements for organic production.
GROWTH AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF YOUNG HEREFORD BREED IN CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Тагиров Х.Х. , Николаева Н.Ю. , ИШБЕРДИНА Р.Р.
Published: June 2021

Изучены особенности роста и продуктивные качества бычков и кастратов герефордской породы, выращенных в условиях Томской области. Исследования проводили на 2 группах животных от 15- до 24-месячного возраста. В I группу входили бычки, во II — кастраты. Средняя живая масса бычков-кастратов в начале и в конце периода исследований превосходила массу бычков I группы. Наибольший прирост живой массы с 15-месячного возраста наблюдался у бычков I группы, начиная с 20 мес, кастрированные животные показали лучшие результаты. Абсолютный ежемесячный прирост живой массы был выше в 1,5—2 раза у бычков I группы до 19 мес, после чего наблюдалась обратная тенденция. За весь период исследований от бычков I группы получен прирост живой массы в среднем 202,7 кг. Бычки-кастраты за этот же период имели прирост 210,5 кг. По показателям мясной продуктивности молодняк I группы отличался наибольшей предубойной массой, массой парной туши и убойной массой на 59,7, 20 и 10,1 кг соответственно. Бычки-кастраты превосходили сверстников I группы по содержанию внутреннего жира (на 10 кг), выходу туши (на 2,4%) и убойному выходу (на 4,7%). При изучении морфологического состава туш установлено, что бычки I группы характеризуются максимальной массой охлажденной туши. Однако по выходу мышечной ткани доминировали бычки-кастраты: содержание мякоти у них было выше на 2,2%, а индекс мясности больше на 0,4 ед.

The peculiarities of growth and productive qualities of Hereford calves and castrates raised in the Tomsk region were studied. The studies were carried out on 2 groups of animals from 15 to 24 months of age. Group I consisted of gobies, and group II consisted of castrati. The average live weight of castrate bulls at the beginning and at the end of the study period exceeded the weight of group I bulls. The greatest increase in live weight from the age of 15 months was observed in group I calves, starting from 20 months the neutered animals showed the best results. The absolute monthly increase in live weight was 1.5—2 times higher in group I bulls up to 19 months, after which the opposite trend was observed. Over the entire period of research, an average live weight gain of 202.7 kg was obtained from group I calves. Castrated gobies had an increase of 210.5 kg over the same period. According to the indicators of meat productivity, the young animals of group I had the highest pre—slaughter weight, the weight of a paired carcass and the slaughter weight by 59.7, 20 and 10.1 kg, respectively. Castrate bulls outperformed their peers in group I in terms of internal fat content (by 10 kg), carcass yield (by 2.4%), and slaughter yield (by 4.7%). When studying the morphological composition of carcasses, it was found that group I gobies are characterized by the maximum mass of the cooled carcass. However, the output of muscle tissue was dominated by castrate gobies: their pulp content was higher by 2.2%, and the meat index was higher by 0.4 units.
Cármides
Authors: Gazoni Fernando
Published: June 2021

Cármides - cena inicial (153 a1 - 159 b6)
Autor: Platão
Tradutor: Fernando Maciel Gazoni
Edição completa do volume 2
Authors: Kawauche Thomaz , Rosa Filho Sílvio
Published: June 2021

Edição do volume 2 dos Cadernos de Tradução LELPraT.
The Effects of Explicit Pragmatic Teaching on Young Learners' Pragmatic Development
Authors: CANBOLAT Hüseyin Caner , ATASOY Sümeyye , NAİBOĞLU Biset
Published: June 2021

A large body of literature has examined the role of explicit teaching on L2 pragmatics. Previous research findings confirmed that explicit teaching has a positive impact on the development of L2 learners’ pragmatic competence. Many studies attempt to explore the efficacy of instruction in improving pragmatics competence in terms of learners' speech acts of requesting. However, little attention has been focused on teaching request strategies to young learners. This study aims to investigate whether explicit instruction of request strategies may enhance the young learners’ L2 pragmatic awareness and whether there will be an increase on the learners’ awareness based on social power, distance, and imposition factors. Twenty-two second-grade Turkish students from a private school participate in the study. The participants are divided into experimental and control groups and each group consists of eleven students. The experimental group receives four hours of treatment in two weeks while the control group follows conventional instructions without any metapragmatic teaching on requesting strategies. The quantitative data is gathered by administering Discourse Completion Test (DCT) as both the pre and the post-tests. To increase the reliability and validity of the research results, the triangulation method is used. For triangulation, the teacher-researchers employ teacher observation with a rubric and semi-structured interview is conducted with purposefully chosen students. The results of quantitative analysis showed that there is no significant difference in learners’ pragmatic awareness on L2 requesting. However, according to the qualitative results, there is a noticeable difference in the learners’ pragmatic awareness on requests and pragmatic factors.
“Mechanical” as a MetapLot in Prokofiev's Music
Authors: Ляхович Артём
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена изучению звукоизобразительной сферы, связанной с образом машины, механизма, и ее отражения в музыке Прокофьева. Основной признак «механического» в музыке - ритмика ostinato, активно используемая в новоевропейской традиции, особенно в эпохи барокко и классицизма с их приоритетом ритмоэнергической стихии. В ХХ веке в контексте новых реалий сформировались «механические» ассоциации ostinato. Прокофьев - один из родоначальников традиции «механического» в музыке. Круг ассоциаций, связанный с этой традицией, имеет особое значение для его творчества благодаря приоритетной роли в нем ритмоэнергического начала и пульсации. «Механическое» у Прокофьева становится репрезентантом деперсонализации, а музыкальная ткань - полем конфликта персонализированного материала с «механическим», который можно интерпретировать как конфликт индивидуации и коллективных структур человеческого сознания.

The article is devoted to the sound-visual sphere associated with the image of a machine, mechanism, and its reflection in Prokofiev's music. The main feature of a “mechanical” in music is ostinato, which was used in European music for several centuries, especially in the Baroque and Classicism eras with their priority of the rhythmic-energy element. In the 20 century it acquired “mechanical” associations in the context of new realities. Prokofiev is one of the founders of the new tradition of “mechanical” in music. This circle of associations is of particular importance in his music due to the priority role of rhythmic-energetic beginning and pulsation in it. The “mechanical” in Prokofiev becomes a representative of depersonalization, and the musical fabric becomes a field of conflict between personalized material and “mechanical”, which can be interpreted as a conflict of individuation and the collective structures of human consciousness.
“...Against the Background of the Russian Landscape” by Roman Ledenev: Features of the CompositionaL Structure
Authors: Шмельков Семён
Published: June 2021

Баян, имея богатую фольклорную историю и оркестровый арсенал средств музыкальной выразительности, за последние 30 лет стал одним из главных проводников идей современных композиторов во всем мире. Данная статья знакомит читателей с баянным творчеством Р. С. Леденёва (1930-2019), в частности с неоконченным циклом для баяна «...на фоне русского пейзажа» op. 50 (1996-2007). Особое внимание уделено анализу жанровой основы, мелодического и гармонического языка, композиционной техники, формы, образного строя, драматургии сочинения в контексте общих творческих ориентиров композитора, наиболее полно раскрывающихся в произведениях для хора и оркестра. В статье предлагается реконструкция условной программы цикла с учетом неоконченной третьей части.

Bayan, having a rich folklore history and an orchestral arsenal of musical expression tools, has become one of the main conductors of the ideas of modern composers around the world over the past 30 years. This article introduces readers to the bayan work of Roman Ledenev (1930-2019), namely the unfinished cycle “.against the background of the Russian landscape” ор. 50 for bayan (1996-2007). Special focus is given to the analysis of the genre basis, melodic and harmonic language, compositional technique, form formation, figurative structure, and dramaturgy of the composition in the context of the composer's general creative guidelines most fully revealed in works for chorus and orchestra. The reconstruction of the conditional program of the cycle is presented, taking into account the unfinished third part.
On the Musicality of Fiction (the Case of Nikolay Leskov's Story “Islanders”)
Authors: Чигарёва Евгения
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме музыкальности литературы, в частности художественной прозы. Автор, опираясь на работы Е. В. Назайкинского, рассматривает это явление на разных уровнях (фоническом, синтаксическом, композиционном). Ссылаясь на исследование крупного филолога Е. Г. Эткинда «Материя стиха», Чигарёва критически оценивает наличие в музыковедении и литературоведении (стиховедении) общих терминов, имеющих разные значения, - терминов-омонимов. Наиболее продуктивным для аналогий литературы и музыки автор считает ритм - явление, общее для двух видов искусства. В методе анализа конкретных примеров, который предлагает Чигарёва, она опирается на стиховедение, отмечая при этом различие прозы и поэзии. В качестве образца ритма художественной прозы рассматривается повесть Н. А. Лескова «Островитяне», в которой метризованная проза используется в определенных, особенно значимых моментах. Этот пример ярко демонстрирует специфику музыкальности литературы и отличие ее от музыкального искусства.

The article deals with the problem of musicality of literature, in particular, fiction. The author, based on the works of E. V. Nazaykinsky, considers this phenomenon at different levels (phonic, syntactic, compositional). Referring to a study by the major philologist E. G. Etkind “The Matter of the Verse”, Chigareva critically assesses the presence of common terms in musicology and literary studies (poetry), which have different meanings- terms-homonyms. The author considers rhythm, a phenomenon common to the two types of art, to be the most productive for analogies of literature and music. In the method of analyzing concrete examples, which Chigareva offers, she relies on poetry, while noting the difference between prose and poetry. As an example of the rhythm of artistic prose, N. S. Leskov's novel “Islanders” is proposed, in which metrized prose is used in certain, especially significant moments. This example demonstrates the specificity of musicality of literature and its difference from musical art.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.) DAN MINYAK IKAN LEMURU SEBAGAI ADITIF PAKAN TERHADAP PERFORMA TELUR DAN PRODUKTIVITAS PUYUH
Authors: Lestari Liana Indah , Widyasworo Agustina , Ari kustanti Nita opi
Published: June 2021

This research aimed is to determine the effect of Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil as feed additive on eggs performance and production of quail. The 98 quails and 10 weeks divided into 4 groups with unequal replication using the completely randomized design. The treatment which are P0 (based ration), P1 (based ration + 0,2% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P2 (based ration + 0,4% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P3 (based ration + 0,6% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil). The parameters observed were length storage time of egg, egg cholesterol rate, feed consumption, egg weight, hen day production, egg mass, feed conversion and mortality. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s analysis. The results showed that Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil were increase egg cholesterol (P<0.05) and not significantly (P>0.05) on length storage time of egg and production of quail.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI BAHAN ALAS KANDANG TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI
Authors: Liswulandari Lia , Ari kustanti Nita opi
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of various cage base materials on broiler production performance. Production performances observed in the study were (feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion). Using 90 broilers from DOC 1 day old from PT. Wonokoyo Jaya Corporindoyang was applied into 3 treatments and 6 replications consisted of 5 broilers. Chicken maintenance is carried out 35 days. The treatments used in the study are as follows: P1 (giving pedestal of candan gsekam padi), P2 (giving treatment for wooden shed cage bed), and P3 (giving sand cage bed). This data is a complete randomized design and then analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) and if significantly different then continued with multiple further tests (Duncan). The conclusion of this study showed that giving broiler cage material was not significantly different (P> 0.05) on broiler production performance which included feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion.
ANALISIS SOSIAL EKONOMI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH KOTORAN SAPI PERAH DI KECAMATAN KANIGORO KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Aziz Dzun Nuraini , Widyasworo Agustina , Ari Kustanti Nita Opi
Published: June 2021

This research is motivated by livestock business activities which not only produce output in the form of tillers, meat or milk, but also cause side output in the form of livestock waste such as feces, urine, feed residue, and water from the cleaning of the cage. Untreated livestock waste can cause environmental pollution. For this reason, a social economic analysis of livestock waste treatment is needed. This research was conducted in May to July 2019 with the location of data collection in Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency. The method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. This research uses descriptive analysis with primary and secondary data sources. The results of this study indicate that socially and economically processing livestock manure waste has a positive impact on farmers. A good relationship between farmers and surrounding communities in the cooperation of waste utilization is created by the implementation of waste treatment. Economically, farmers benefit from increased income or saving expenses. It is hoped that this research can encourage farmers to apply livestock waste treatment evenly and sustainably.
UJI ORGANOLEPTIK SOSIS DAGING AYAM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN DAUN KELOR
Authors: Sari Luciana , Widyasworo Agustina , Lestari Dhenok Wahyu
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the organoleptic test of chicken sausage with the addition of Moringa leaves. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Department of Animal Husbandry of Balitar Islamic University, Blitar, in July 2019. The use of Moringa leaf flour concentration in the study was 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%, using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method consisting of 4 treatments 6 repetitions. The results of this study are that there are very significant differences in color, aroma, taste and texture so that it can be concluded that the addition of Moringa leaf flour has a significant effect on the organoleptic test of chicken sausage with the addition of Moringa leaf flour.
PERBEDAAN PENAMBAHAN ONGGOK TERFERMENTASI TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI ITIK PEDAGING
Authors: Irawan Febri Ade , Ari kustanti Nita opi , Widigdyo Anang
Published: June 2021

This research was aimed to determine the influence of the addition of feremented cassava waste by Trichoderma viride fungus towards the appearance of duck meat production. The material used in this research was 192 types of hybrid ducks at the age of 14 days. The given treatments were: 1 feed treatment was 100. 2 feed treatment was 95%, fermented cassava waste was 5%. 3 feed treatment was 90%, fermented cassava waste was 10%. 4 feed treatment was 85%, fermented cassava waste was 15%. The observed variables were feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion. The data were processed using complete random design analysis. If there was a significant difference, Duncan’s follow-up test will be conducted. The research result showed feed consumption (P<0.05), body weight gain (P>0.01), feed conversion (P>0.01). The addition of fermented cassava waste in the feed of duck affects the body weight gain and feed conversion.
Schülerauslese, schulische Beurteilung und Schülertests 1880 – 1980
Authors: Moser Vera
Published: June 2021

Über den schulischen Umgang mit einer „Heterogenität“ der Schüler*innen wird seit einer Reihe von Jahren heftig debattiert. Der vorliegende Band zeigt, wie seit dem letzten Drittel des 19. Jahrhunderts die Beobachtung von Unterschieden – solchen der Begabung, des Verhaltens und des Interesses – zwischen Schüler*innen in den Schulen mehr und mehr in das Blickfeld rückte.
 Auseinandersetzungen darüber, wie vor diesem Hintergrund „passende“ Lerngruppen zusammengestellt werden sollten, bestimmten zunehmend das Bild der pädagogischen und schulpolitischen Debatten. Rekonstruiert werden Selektionsmechanismen im Schulsystem zwischen 1880 und 1980, mit denen zwischen Normalen und Nicht-Normalen, zwischen Begabten und Minderbegabten, zwischen solchen, die sich anpassten, und solchen, die das nicht taten, unterschieden wurde. Die Beiträge untersuchen Praktiken des Beobachtens, Prüfens und Beurteilens von Schüler*innen, die dafür eingesetzten Verfahren und Tests sowie die damit verbundenen individuellen, pädagogischen und politischen Bedingungen und Folgen.
Romper las fronteras. Las luchas de las organizaciones de migrantes y la emergencia de una reivindicación antirracista (1998-2018, Santiago)
Authors: Rojas Bruno
Published: June 2021

Desde mediados de los noventa la migración latinoamericana y caribeña que ha arribado a Chile ha buscado integrarse a la vida social en nuestras ciudades. En Santiago, las comunidades de migrantes tuvieron que hacer frente a una serie de violencias sociales y procesos de exclusión a partir de una serie prácticas de racialización y desciudadanización, constituyendo para insertarse socialmente una heterogeneidad de redes de apoyo y organizaciones sociales. En este artículo se afirma la necesidad de cuestionar ciertos marcos analíticos para comprender la agencia de los migrantes ante los procesos de racialización y contribuye en este sentido explorando las dinámicas organizativas y reivindicativas de las organizaciones de migrantes. En este contexto, este artículo explora desde un enfoque sociohistórico los procesos organizativos, la acción colectiva y los marcos reivindicativos de las organizaciones de migrantes en Santiago desde fines de los noventas hasta el 2018. Seguimos así una línea de desarrollo de estas organizaciones que pasaron de ser espacios de apoyo mutuo para su inserción social conducidas por refugiados políticos peruanos, hasta el desarrollo de organizaciones sociales y sectoriales, madurando política y organizacionalmente en procesos de articulación que han llegado a tener escala nacional y vinculaciones con otros movimientos sociales. Proceso en el cual han levantado una serie de demandas para terminar con las exclusiones, discriminaciones y el racismo que enfrentan sus comunidades, enmarcando sus luchas en un discurso sobre los derechos humanos que extienda su reconocimiento a todos los habitantes sin importar nacionalidad ni color de piel, teniendo en su agencia un rol democratizador en la sociedad chilena.
Del mito a la historia y de la historia al mito: representaciones del Pípila, héroe popular de la independencia mexicana
Authors: Pizarro Carolina
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo analiza la compleja posición histórica del Pípila, héroe de la independencia mexicana. Se sostendrá que es un sujeto en permanente tránsito entre la negación y el reconocimiento, que adquiere las características de un mito político. Interesa explorar aquí la tensión de largo aliento entre los datos empíricos y la imaginación sobre el pasado fundante de identidad nacional, observando los hipotextos míticos que le otorgan sentido al héroe popular en un conjunto heterogéneo de representaciones. Se observará su presencia en relatos históricos del siglo XIX y XX, y en distintas obras visuales del siglo XX y XXI: historieta, escultura, mural e ilustración.
Comparison of lightweight frameworks for Java by analyzing proprietary web applications
Authors: Błaszczyk Michał , Pucek Marek , Kopniak Piotr
Published: June 2021

There are many frameworks available in the IT environment that differ in performance, security, complexity, and speed. The user who wants to start working with the selected framework should know whether it will meet the architectural requirements and business assumptions. The aim of this work is to compare the performance and complexity of web applications built using different lightweight frameworks for the Java language. Spring Boot, Micronaut, Quarkus and Javalin frameworks will be compared. At the beginning of the work, the main problems related to the creation of modern applications were discussed. In the following sections, basic analysis of the complexity of the syntax and conventions of the selected skeletons was performed. Then, experiments were conducted to compare performance - response and build times and memory consumption during application development and use. A wide cross-section of efficiency has been obtained in selected lightweight framework usages. The prepared comparison can be used to select the appropriate framework for the project.
Proposed new equations for calculation of thermophysical properties of nanofluids
Authors: KAPLAN Mahmut , ÖZDİNÇ  ÇARPINLIOĞLU Melda
Published: June 2021

A trial-error procedure is applied for the derivation of correlations to estimate the relative thermal conductivity (kr) and dynamic viscosity (µr) of nanofluids using MATLAB. Thermophysical properties of particles and base fluids, particle diameter (dp), sphericity, capping layer thickness, Brownian motion of a particle, temperature, and volume fraction (φ) are considered. The accuracy of predicting kr and µr of nanofluids is developed using dimensionless parameters involving base fluid and particle characteristics. The results reveal that the estimated values are in a good agreement with the experimental data with a standard deviation of 2.16% and 8.16% for kr and µr of nanofluids, respectively. Besides that, 97.5% of the predicted kr values suit experimental data of kr with a mean deviation of ±5%, whereas 90.4% of the estimated µr values match the data of µr with a mean deviation of ±10%. Therefore, the proposed new equations will be useful for numerical simulation studies and the engineering design of heat transfer devices such as refrigeration systems, solar collectors, and heat exchangers.
Prediction of market-clearing price using neural networks based methods and boosting algorithms
Authors: BORU İPEK Aslı
Published: June 2021

The development of Turkey's industry is contributing to a significant rise in electrical energy demand. Also, electricity is one of the critical elements in the household sectors. Therefore, the planning and managing of electrical energy is of great importance to support economic growth. In addition, effective prediction of market-clearing prices (MCP) is critical topic to meet the increasing energy demand and provide basis for decision making process. In this paper, MCP is predicted using artificial neural network (ANN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and also three boosting algorithms including extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), categorical boosting (CatBoost), and adaptive boosting (AdaBoost). Various performance metrics are employed to evaluate the prediction performance of proposed methods. The results showed that proposed methods provide reasonable prediction results for energy sector. Hence, producers and consumers can use these methods to determine the bidding strategies and to maximize their profits.