bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Evaluation, Preparation, and Follow-Up for Bariatric Surgery Patients
Authors: Bagdade Paul S. , Grothe Karen B.
Published: November 2012

In Brief

Bariatric surgery has become a highly effective treatment intervention for morbidly obese patients struggling with comorbidities such as diabetes. Research has found that patients with certain psychosocial stressors may be at higher risk for postoperative complications, including weight regain. As a result, psychologists often play an integral role on an interdisciplinary bariatric team to aid with assessment and treatment of these patients by using empirically validated treatment recommendations to optimize outcomes.
Development of Immunoassay Based on Monoclonal Antibody Reacted with the Neonicotinoid Insecticides Clothianidin and Dinotefuran
Authors: Uchigashima Mikiko , Watanabe Eiki , Ito Shigekazu , Iwasa Seiji , Miyake Shiro
Published: November 2012

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) was developed for the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin. A new clothianidin hapten (3-[5-(3-methyl-2-nitroguanidinomethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-ylthio] propionic acid) was synthesized and conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and was used for monoclonal antibody preparation. The resulting MoAb CTN-16A3-13 was characterized by a direct competitive ELISA (dc-ELISA). The 50% of inhibition concentration value with clothianidin was 4.4 ng/mL, and the working range was 1.5–15 ng/mL. The antibody showed high cross-reactivity (64%) to dinotefuran among the structurally related neonicotinoid insecticides. The recovery examinations of clothianidin for cucumber, tomato and apple showed highly agreement with the spiked concentrations; the recovery rate was between 104% and 124% and the coefficient of variation value was between 1.8% and 15%. Although the recovery rate of the dc-ELISA was slightly higher than that of HPLC analysis, the difference was small enough to accept the dc-ELISA as a useful method for residue analysis of clothianidin in garden crops.
The chemistry of bisallenes
Authors: Hopf Henning , Markopoulos Georgios
Published: November 2012

This review describes the preparation, structural properties and the use of bisallenes in organic synthesis for the first time. All classes of compounds containing at least two allene moieties are considered, starting from simple conjugated bisallenes and ending with allenes in which the two cumulenic units are connected by complex polycyclic ring systems, heteroatoms and/or heteroatom-containing tethers. Preparatively the bisallenes are especially useful in isomerization and cycloaddition reactions of all kinds leading to the respective target molecules with high atom economy and often in high yield. Bisallenes are hence substrates for generating molecular complexity in a small number of steps (high step economy).
Young Academics in E-Learning Research - Editorial
Authors: Ebner Martin , Gröblinger Ortrun , Waba Stephan , Erenli Kai , Bratengeyer Erwin , Staber Reinhard
Published: November 2012

The special track â??Young Academics in E-Learning Researchâ?, shortly YAER2012, took place within the â??International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learningâ? (ICL 2012) in Villach, Austria. The conference slot aims to invite young researchers in the field of Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) to present their thesis or ongoing work. We asked for contributions, which address the interdisciplinary research field. YAER 2012 provided an excellent space for discussions in order to improve learning and teaching of tomorrow. Education without technology seems to be nearly impossible and this issue helps to increase the impact of technology for learning.
Ubiquitous Personal Learning Environment (UPLE)
Authors: Taraghi Behnam
Published: November 2012

Web 2.0 technologies opened up new perspectives in learning and teaching activities. Collaboration, communication and sharing between learners contribute to the self-regulated learning, a bottom-up approach. The market for smartphones and tablets are growing rapidly. They are being used more often in everyday life. This allows us to support self-regulated learning in a way that learning resources and applications are accessible any time and at any place. This publication focuses on the Personal Learning Environment (PLE) that was launched at Graz University of Technology in 2010. After a first prototype a complete redesign was carried out to fulfill a change towards learner-centered framework. Statistical data show a high increase of attractiveness of the whole system in general. As the next step a mobile version is integrated. A converter for browser-based learning apps within PLE to native smartphone apps leads to the Ubiquitous PLE, which is discussed in this paper in detail.
A unique, culture-aware, personalized learning environment
Authors: Swinke Tillman
Published: November 2012

This paper examines what current learning systems offer towards the idea of a multi- dimensional learning system. It will show the requirements for a multi-dimensional learning system and that no current system is able to meet them. Therefore a new model is proposed that is not only capable of fulfilling the requirements for cultural diversity but also of satisfying the rising demand for personalization that has been rising in the course of the last twenty years. This new model will enable systems, which bring the personalization of e- learning to the next level.
Les projets de Jacques Gondoin : première réponse aux rêves versaillais de Napoléon
Authors: Biraud Émilie
Published: November 2012

Résultats de la première commande faite par Napoléon Ier pour le château de Versailles, les projets réalisés par l’architecte Jacques Gondoin furent les plus complets parmi tous ceux proposés à l’Empereur entre 1806 et 1811, puisqu’ils englobaient l’ensemble du domaine versaillais. Étudié précédemment aux côtés des propositions de Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine et d’Alexandre Dufour, dans des publications consacrées au projet de Napoléon de faire du palais des rois de France sa propre résidence, le travail de Gondoin est ici l’objet d’un nouvel intérêt, suscité par la récente authentification des devis de l’architecte, au sein du service des archives du château de Versailles. L’examen de cette nouvelle source permet de compléter les informations fournies par les autres documents, notamment les plans conservés à Versailles et aux Archives nationales, et les élévations appartenant à une collection privée. À travers l’analyse des projets conçus pour les appartements de l’Empereur, sont ainsi révélées les données inédites que recèlent les devis. L’attention est principalement portée sur l’appartement habituel de l’Empereur, qui devait prendre place au rez-de-chaussée et présenter un décor complètement renouvelé – au détriment de chefs-d’œuvre de l’art décoratif du xviiie siècle. Outre le détail des interventions prévues dans chacune des pièces, le douzième des cinquante-trois volumes de devis, consacré à cet appartement impérial, renferme deux dessins de plafonds projetant de manière relativement précise tant leur décor architectural, que la composition des tableaux qui devaient les orner. Non réalisés, les projets de Gondoin servirent toutefois de référence à ses confrères Fontaine et Dufour, lorsqu’ils durent à leur tour imaginer la conversion du château de Versailles en résidence napoléonienne, jamais concrétisée.
L’aménagement et le décor de la galerie Doria Pamphilj à Rome
Authors: Bazin Sandra
Published: November 2012

La galerie du palais Doria Pamphilj à Rome fut construite entre 1731 et 1734, dans le cadre d’un vaste programme de restructuration voulu par Camillo Pamphilj le Jeune. La cour et sa loggia sur le côté sud, restées inachevées depuis le xvie siècle, conduisirent l’architecte Gabriele Valvassori à équiper de loggias les trois côtés qui en étaient dépourvus, pour les fermer ensuite et créer au premier étage une galerie de forme quadrangulaire. Ce projet aboutit à une typologie de galerie unique à Rome. La décoration des quatre ailes de l’étage noble ne vise pas à une unité stylistique mais tend plutôt à créer un « musée des styles ». L’aile située sur le Corso, véritable galerie des glaces dont la voûte est décorée par le peintre Aureliano Milani, est pensée comme un espace de glorification de la famille Pamphilj, avec ses grandes fresques mythologiques illustrant la chute des Titans et l’histoire d’Hercule. Les trois autres ailes décorées par Genesio del Barba et Filippo Sciugatrosce, avec des motifs de chinoiseries et de grotesques, sont conçues comme des espaces d’exposition plus neutres. Les nombreuses études réalisées sur la galerie Doria Pamphilj ont été majoritairement consacrées aux œuvres exceptionnelles qui y sont exposées. Il s’agira ici de s’attacher plutôt à l’aménagement de la galerie quadrangulaire et au décor de l’aile est dite « galleria degli specchi ».
Un théâtre au château de Versailles : la comédie de la cour des Princes
Authors: Pruchnicki Vincent
Published: November 2012

Entre 1682 et 1810, il y eut à Versailles une salle de comédie étroitement installée entre la cour des Princes et le parterre du Midi, à l’extrémité de l’aile du Midi. C’est à cet emplacement que furent donnés la plupart des divertissements destinés à la famille royale et à la cour pendant l’Ancien Régime. C’est encore là qu’une Société dramatique, pendant la Révolution, organisa des représentations pour ses concitoyens. Pourtant, dès sa création, ce petit théâtre ne devait être que provisoire.
L’habit de livrée dans la Maison civile du roi : entre prestige et servitude
Authors: Lafabrié François
Published: November 2012

Les livrées de la Maison civile du roi étaient des habits particuliers. Leur apparence, définitivement codifiée dans les années 1660, affichait, par leurs couleurs et galons, l’appartenance de leur porteur au service du souverain. Elles reflétaient par ailleurs la hiérarchie qui régnait au sein de la Maison du roi : la variation des étoffes, mais surtout des matériaux et de la largeur des galons, permettait aux contemporains d’identifier clairement les différentes charges de la Maison du roi. En outre, les livrées royales revêtaient une dimension de prestige qui leur était propre : en témoignent le luxe de leurs galons, les sommes qui leur étaient consacrées, le nombre de gens qui les portaient à la cour et au-delà, ou encore les conflits d’intérêt qu’elles suscitaient. Elles étaient même demandées hors de la Maison du roi. La très stricte réglementation qui encadrait autant leur apparence que les étapes de leur confection montre à quel point ce vêtement, usuel par essence, prenait à la cour de l’importance, en tant que véritable reflet de la puissance royale. Les habits de livrée se plaçaient donc à la jonction de l’habit de cour et du costume domestique.
L’étonnante destinée d’un édifice provisoire : la chapelle royale de Versailles entre 1682 et 1710
Authors: Maral Alexandre
Published: November 2012

Aménagée dans l’espace libre laissé entre le château et la grotte de Téthys, la chapelle royale de 1682 fut d’emblée conçue comme provisoire : elle préparait le grand édifice définitif, digne du Versailles devenu résidence de la cour et du gouvernement, qui fut mis en chantier à partir de 1684. Néanmoins, du fait de l’évolution des projets, des difficultés financières et de l’ampleur de la réalisation définitive, la chapelle de 1682 devait être utilisée jusqu’en 1710. Pour la première fois dans l’histoire des chapelles royales de Versailles, l’édifice se signalait à l’extérieur par une grande croix, placée au sommet de sa toiture. Toutefois, il fut assez tôt intégré dans la masse des bâtiments de l’aile du Nord. À l’intérieur, l’étage royal présentait une ordonnance de curieux piliers angéliques supportant une architrave, tandis que l’édifice accueillait de remarquables éléments de décor et de mobilier : le maître-autel et son retable, la chaire à prêcher, les autels secondaires, l’orgue, etc. C’est également pour cette chapelle que furent livrés de somptueux ensembles d’ornements liturgiques, d’orfèvrerie sacrée et de manuscrits enluminés. Après 1710, l’emplacement de la chapelle fut occupé, au premier étage, par le futur salon d’Hercule, tandis que plusieurs éléments de son mobilier étaient réutilisés, à Marly notamment.
Developmentally Regulated Availability of RANKL and CD40 Ligand Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Fetal and Adult Cross-Talk in the Thymus Medulla
Authors: Desanti Guillaume E. , Cowan Jennifer E. , Baik Song , Parnell Sonia M. , White Andrea J. , Penninger Josef M. , Lane Peter J. L. , Jenkinson Eric J. , Jenkinson William E. , Anderson Graham
Published: November 2012

T cell tolerance in the thymus is a key step in shaping the developing T cell repertoire. Thymic medullary epithelial cells play multiple roles in this process, including negative selection of autoreactive thymocytes, influencing thymic dendritic cell positioning, and the generation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Previous studies show that medullary thymic epithelial cell (mTEC) development involves hemopoietic cross-talk, and numerous TNFR superfamily members have been implicated in this process. Whereas CD40 and RANK represent key examples, interplay between these receptors, and the individual cell types providing their ligands at both fetal and adult stages of thymus development, remain unclear. In this study, by analysis of the cellular sources of receptor activator for NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and CD40L during fetal and adult cross-talk in the mouse, we show that the innate immune cell system drives initial fetal mTEC development via expression of RANKL, but not CD40L. In contrast, cross-talk involving the adaptive immune system involves both RANKL and CD40L, with analysis of distinct subsets of intrathymic CD4+ T cells revealing a differential contribution of CD40L by conventional, but not Foxp3+ regulatory, T cells. We also provide evidence for a stepwise involvement of TNFRs in mTEC development, with CD40 upregulation induced by initial RANK signaling subsequently controlling proliferation within the mTEC compartment. Collectively, our findings show how multiple hemopoietic cell types regulate mTEC development through differential provision of RANKL/CD40L during ontogeny, revealing molecular differences in fetal and adult hemopoietic cross-talk. They also suggest a stepwise process of mTEC development, in which RANK is a master player in controlling the availability of other TNFR family members.
Evaluation of carrying capacity and territorial environmental sustainability
Authors: Ruggiero Giuseppe , Verdiani Giuseppe , Dal Sasso Stefano
Published: November 2012

Land use has a great impact on environmental quality, use of resources, state of ecosystems and socio-economic development. Land use can be considered sustainable if the environmental pressures of human activities do not exceed the ecological carrying capacity. A scientific knowledge of the capability of ecosystems to provide resources and absorb waste is a useful and innovative means of supporting territorial planning. This study examines the area of the Province of Bari to estimate the ecosystems’ carrying capacity, and compare it with the current environmental pressures exerted by human activities. The adapted methodology identified the environmentally sustainable level for one province.
Vibration produced by hand-held olive electrical harvesters
Authors: Cerruto Emanuele , Manetto Giuseppe , Schillaci Giampaolo
Published: November 2012

The paper reports the results of some laboratory and field tests aimed at assessing the acceleration levels transmitted to the hand-arm system by electric portable harvesters for olive. Four harvesting heads, different for shape and kinematic system, and five bars, different for diameter, length and material (aluminium and carbon fibre), were used in assembling eleven harvesters. The vibrations were measured in two points, next to the handgrips. The laboratory tests allowed the evaluation of the acceleration levels in standard controlled conditions, while the field tests allowed the assessing of the effects of the tree canopy with respect to the no load running. The laboratory tests showed that in reducing the vibration level plays a major role the kinematic system of the harvesting head and then the bar material. The classical flap-type harvester produced accelerations of around 20 m/s2, while by using a harvesting head with two parts in opposite movement, the accelerations were lowered to about 6 m/s2. The use of carbon fibres for the bars, besides the reduction in weight, produced also a reduction in acceleration (from 21 to 16 m/s2). The field tests proved that the tree canopy had a negative effect on the vibrations transmitted to the hand-arm system, especially when the aluminium bar of small diameter was used.
Assessment of nitrogen content in buffalo manure and land application costs
Authors: Faugno Salvatore , Pindozzi Stefania , Infascelli Roberta , Okello Collins , Ripa Maria Nicolina , Boccia Lorenzo
Published: November 2012

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) livestock for mozzarella cheese production plays a fundamental role in the economy of southern Italy. European and Italian regulations consider nitrogen content in buffalo manure to be the same as that of cattle manure. This study aimed to assess whether this assumption is true. The first aim of the study was to assess nitrogen content in buffalo manure. Samples were taken from 35 farms to analyse nitrogen and phosphorous concentration in the manure. Analysis confirmed a lower nitrogen concentration (2%) in buffalo manure. A secondary aim of the study was to evaluate whether manure application techniques that are apparently less suitable, e.g. splash plate spreader, could be feasible. The cost of different methods of land application of manure and their characteristics were evaluated on the basis of one operational cycle. Considering losses for volatilisation, and taking into account cost assessment, the immediate incorporation of buffalo manure (nitrogen content 2%) is a suitable method of ammonia volatilisation. However, it is expensive and involves high fuel consumption in relation to the environmental benefit.
The African Journal of Laboratory Medicine – Advancing Laboratory Medicine and Science in Africa
Authors: Luman Elizabeth
Published: November 2012

No related abstract found
Verpleegsensus 1986
Authors: Coetzee L.
Published: November 2012

The Central Board of the South African Nursing Association decided in 1983 that statistics are needed to support negotiations for a better deal for nurses. The Nursing Kaleidoscope census originated and investigations were made into demographic information, qualifications and employment.
Die verband tussen vakriglyne, vakaanbieding en prestasie by groepe B Cur l - studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria gedurende 1985 en 1986
Authors: Van Velden C.
Published: November 2012

Research clone on groups of B Cur I students at the University of Pretoria proved that their achievement correlated with their assessment of the guidelines on the subjects but not with their assessment of the presentation thereof. This is in accordance with the findings of other research.
Training of African nurses in Nyasaland (Malawi) from 1889 to 1927
Authors: Smit J.
Published: November 2012

When the first pioneer missionaries arrived in Nyasaland during I860 there was no educational system in operation according to Western standards. The training of nurses (male and female) therefore evolved as the educational system developed. Before 1900 the training of nurses was done independently by each mission, only providing staff for their local clinics and hospitals. Although the missions worked in different areas of the country, they realised from the start that they should co-operate to achieve results in the medical, educational and technical fields of their work. The Protestant Missions therefore held a series of general missionary conferences where they discussed the different aspects of their work. Six such conferences were held. During the second conference in 1904, an educational code was drawn up and accepted by the missions of the whole Protectorate. During this conference three standards of training was suggested namely that of dressers, hospital attendants and medical assistants. The different syllabuses were discussed. On the suggestion of the Commissioner of the Protectorate, a Medical Board was formed during 1905, to plan for training courses and arrange for examinations. This Board consisted of government and mission representatives. During 1909 the medical courses became more refined. The government did not take part in the training of nurses hut was willing to employ as many nurses as the missions could manage to train. The education system began to develop steadily but then in 1914-1918 war came which caused much disruption. The years of 1919 to 1925 were years of recovery. The education was again stimulated by the visit of the Phelps-Stokes Commission during 1924 which recommended a policy of cooperation in education between Government and Missions. A Department of Education was formed during 1926 and it was decided that vocational schools, which included schools where medical assistants and dispensers were trained, should he under the control of the Department. During 1926 a Medical Council was formed which laid down the standards of courses and examinations of medical assistants. Section 18 of the Medical Practitioners and Dentist’s Ordinance of 1926 also made provision for a sub-register to he kept for the registration of medical assistants. This gave well trained Africans standing in their own country and was gladly welcomed by the missions. The African nurses were of sound Christian character and respected by all the peoples in the country. The missionaries felt that the training of medical personnel was one of their best contributions to the medical services and to the population of the country.
A description of the personal social and scholastic background of new students first admitted to the Department of Nursing Science at Medunsa in 1986, and their expectations regarding this university
Authors: Van Niekerk C.F. , Treadwell I. , De Vetta H.M.
Published: November 2012

In the past few years the comprehensive biographical questionnaire completed by all students newly admitted to MEDUNSA at the beginning of the academic year, provided valuable information regarding students of the Department of Nursing Science. The main purpose of this study is to obtain a profile of nursing students, enrolling at Medunsa for the first time, regarding — their demographic data — the sociological, economical and educational tendencies in their homes — their school achievement and — their expectations of Medunsa.
C.A. Nothardbiblioteek
Authors: Swart J.
Published: November 2012

As instructed by the Central Board of the South African Nursing Association during 1985, an investigation was launched into the function of the C.A. Not hard Library, namely to provide optimal information to members. The underlying philosophy concerned with the establishment of the library was to provide a service which is not available elsewhere. The investigation revealed however, that various training institutions in the country meet this need. As a result of the findings, as presented in the article, the C.A. Northard Library was closed on 1 December 1985 as a lending library. A unique Nursing reference library is being established in its place, with the emphasis in the future on the S. A. Nursing Association’s role in the promotion of Nursing research.
Die rol van die gemeenskapsverpleegkundige in die voorkoming en hantering van geestesongesteldheid
Authors: Keogh J.J.
Published: November 2012

A definition of community nursing was given, and the following roles of the community nurse was briefly described: - A provider for primary health care. - A provider of personal health care to non-hospital patients. - A n advisor. - A n observer. The special skills that a community nurse must have was also briefly discussed. The role of the community nurse in the handling and prevention of mental illness at the three levels of prevention was discussed, and criteria for the measurement of mental health was highlighted.
Traditional birth attendants in Bophuthatswana (Bo-Mmaabotsetse)
Authors: Ntoane C.
Published: November 2012

A survey was conducted among the 104 traditional birth attendants (hommaabotsetse) in Bophuthatswana during the 1985 winter vacation. The objective of the survey was to estimate the number of women practising as well as provide their characteristics and practices. Findings revealed that bommaabotsetse were elderly women with an average age of 58 years, were married and had a considerable period of experience. Preference for delivery in a health service, which is not always accessible, is discussed with a suggestion of a few options. It is concluded that some women in rural Bophuthatswana make a conscious choice of home delivery even when modern delivery facilities are available. A training programme for bommaabotsetse with adequate support and supervision is recommended.
’n Profiel van verpleegadministrateurs in privaathospitale
Authors: Muller M.E. , Van Huyssteen M.C. , Bruwer A.
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify and describe selected demographical, biographical, educational and professional background characteristics of the nurse administrator in private hospitals and to construct a profile Of these characteristics. The results show that the nurse administrator in South African private hospitals is not adequately prepared for her/his managerial responsibilities. She is, however, according to the registered clinical qualifications, adequately qualified to exercise quality control and assurance in the various nursing disciplines.
On empathy: Fundamental issues regarding its nature and teaching
Authors: Brink H.
Published: November 2012

In nursing empathy is generally regarded as an essential component of nurse-patient interaction, but there appears to be a lack of clarity among nurse educators and professional nurses regarding its nature and how it may be taught and measured. This paper focuses on an analysis of selected theoretical works related to the nature and teaching of empathy, and an attempt is made to identify fundamental issues regarding the phenomenon "empathy" and its place in clinical nursing practice.
Die vraag na en aanbod van verpleegkundiges in Suid Afrika
Authors: Muller M.E.
Published: November 2012

The threatening crisis in the nursing profession, especially in the public sector, led to a national investigation that was directed to the HMAC. A national nursing manpower analysis was undertaken by private consultants by means of a descriptive survey. A registered nurse/population ratio of 1:416 was recommended by the South African Nursing Council and accepted by the HMAC. The demand presently exceeds the supply and an actual annual student output of 4000 is required It was also emphasized that only 65% of the college capacities are being utilised and a potential supply of matriculants amounts to 3300 p.a. Important recommendations include active marketing of the profession, phasing in of a registered nurse/population ratio of 1:416, as well as an appropriate increase of posts for students, tutors and clinical nurses.
Working with dying people: Crises and compensations
Authors: McKay R.C.
Published: November 2012

In dying and death situations health providers need to be aware of their approach toward death and their work so that they can sustain both themselves and their patterns in offering competent service. Those who work constantly with dying people need to explore (i) their motives in exposing such work, (ii) the vocational goals they set themselves, (iii) how they regard their own and their patients’ deaths, (iv) what defences they use to protect themselves from the emotional impact of dying and death, and (v) what means they employ in managing stress and burnout. This article discusses these core issues and makes practical suggestions for health providers in caring for themselves and dying people.
The health behaviour of black insulin dependent diabetic patients
Authors: Xaba G.L. , Dewar S.R.
Published: November 2012

This descriptive retrospective study explores the perceptions and experiences relating to their discease of 20 adult Black insulin - dependent diabetic clients in terms of Cox’s Interaction Model of Client Health Behaviour. Cognitive and affective responses were investigated by means of structured interviews. Questionnaires completed by 30 registered nurses examined by their impressions of diabetic patients’ motivation and levels of satisfaction with their care. Findings are discussed and recommendations made.
Oncology nursing care standards
Authors: De Kleijn A.M. , Muller M.E.
Published: November 2012

Oncology nursing as a specialised nursing discipline has no published nursing care standards for South Africa. The purpose of this study was to formulate oncology nursing standards for a particular research hospital A specific approach was used and the oncology nursing experts in the research hospital compiled and formulated the standards. Group discussions and critical debating of the standards followed. The standards were ratified by means of verbal consensus between the experts and professional nurses in the oncology unit. These standards could serve as a guide to ensure quality oncology nursing care. National validation of the standards is recommended
A theoretical framework for psychiatric rehabilitation
Authors: Uys L.R.
Published: November 2012

A Theoretical framework for psychiatric rehabilitation is presented. It is based on four existing models in the field and describes the process of relapse, intervening variables, interventions and outcomes. Some interactions between the elements of the framework are given and the research support and implications for nursing are readdressed briefly.
Verpleegdiensstandaarde vir privaathospitale
Authors: Muller M.E. , Van Huyssteen M.C. , Bruwer A.
Published: November 2012

The formalisation of nursing quality assurance in private hospitals is of critical importance. The purpose of this study was to formulate national nursing service standards for private hospitals. A structured two phase research technique was utilised to validate the standards by a representative national group of experts. Statistical validity of the standards was calculated by means o f a content validity index for each standard Fourteen (5%) of these standards (N = 275) were rejected and 25 (9%) require reformulation. It is recommended that these standards should serve as optimum standards for nurse administrators in private hospitals, and that these standards be published formally.
Persecution and martyrdom of nurses in selected regions of Asia during the period 1900-1978 - Part 2
Authors: Pera S.A.
Published: November 2012

The persecution and martyrdom of nurses identified in selected regions in Asia since the beginning of the twentieth century is discussed Many missionary workers lost their lives in China during the Boxer rebellion in 1900. The persecution and martyrdom suffered by nurses working in China at the time is described followed by an account of the events which led to the deaths of nurses working in Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and East Pakistan during the early and latter half of the twentieth century.
Preventive self-care in three Free State communities
Authors: Van Zyl-Schalekamp C.J.
Published: November 2012

There has been increasing interest in self-care as a potential role-player in health care provision. Existing knowledge about self-care however, is regarded as insufficient, and such knowledge is especially relevant when governments plan to support self-care development programmes. A survey on self-care among whites, blacks and coloureds in the Free Slate also focused on preventive self-care, and large differences were found between the three groups. Due to several factors, a uniform self-care development programme for all population groups in South Africa, will not be viable.
A personnel profile of professional nurses in the J.D. Allen operating theatre complex of Baragwanath Hospital
Authors: Smith E.F. , Uys H.H.M.
Published: November 2012

In this exploratory descriptive study an attempt was made to develop a profile of professional nurses in the J.D. Allen operating theatre complex of Baragwanath hospital. Aspects of significance have been extracted front the analysed data and highlighted as trends, not only of demographic nature but also in nursing education and practice, with specific reference to operating theatre nursing. Problem areas have been indicated and recommendations suggested. This profile could be used as a staff development tool. It also would be possible to plan more rational staff structure considering future advances.
Traditional and modern medicine working in tandem
Authors: Pretorius E.
Published: November 2012

Because of the many problem relating to health care delivery in Africa, it is becoming apparent that neither the exclusive/monopolistic nor the tolerant legislative systems should be tolerated any longer. Especially since the Alma Ata Conference held by the WHO/UNICEF there has been growing impetus towards either inclusive/parallel (the beneficial co-existence of traditional and modern medical systems), or integrated systems. Although the idea of making traditional and modern medicine work in tandem in a united treatment context has its merits, it is also plagued by issues such as the nature of the products of an integrated training, resistance by stubborn protagonists of either of the two systems, or that only lip-service is paid to the idea of co-operation. Nevertheless, it is believed that all interest groups - the authorities responsible for health care delivery, the Western-trained health care workers, the traditional healers and the users of these services - stand to gain from such liaison.
Die behoeftes en probleme van die vrou met karsinoom van die mammae wat verband hou met psigososiale, ekonomiese, seksuele en godsdienstige aspekte
Authors: Van Wyk N.C.
Published: November 2012

The psychosocial, economic, sexual and religious related needs and problems of women with carcinoma of the breast are explored. White women with carcinoma of the breast experience particular needs and problems related to psychosocial, economic, sexual and religious matters. These needs and problems are also influenced by a number of aetiological factors. Apart from the tension caused by a diagnosis of carcinoma, and particularly one of carcinoma of the breast, the treatment which these women receive contributes to their needs and problems. The research clearly showed that the majority of women did not experience serious problems in coping with their illness • there was a universally low average intensity of needs and problems. They did, however, require help and support in coping with and accepting the consequences of the carcinoma and the attendant treatment.
Die stand van kliniese evaluering aan Suider-Afrikaanse Universiteite
Authors: Mulder M. , Viljoen M.
Published: November 2012

The fact that clinical evaluation is a difficult and complex task of nursing education has been emphasized in the nursing literature since the early seventies. It is, nevertheless, a most important component of the teaching-learning process of nursing students and it has definite advantages. It: * contributes to the improvement of the standard of nursing care * helps to identify problem areas for research and * contributes to high level professional preparation. In the light of these factors the aims of the study were to: * determine and describe the position of clinical evaluation as a component of the teaching of undergraduate students in departments of nursing at universities in Southern Africa; * draw up a proto-theoretical model for clinical evaluation. The second aim will be fully discussed in a follow-up article. The empirical data showed that nursing educationists in Southern Africa are not entirely up to standard regarding the skills required for clinical evaluation.
Gesondheidsvoorligting by swanger vroue
Authors: Bester M.E.
Published: November 2012

Health education and information in pregnancy must be a priority, despite the lack of instruments to evaluate the effectiveness of the education and the fact that positive results cannot be guaranteed. During research done for a Masters degree on the utilization of antenatal services by high risk primigravidae at the Tygerberg hospital, patients were interviewed on various aspects that are important during pregnancy, like family planning, breastfeeding, smoking and danger signs that may occur during pregnancy.
Primary mental health care: Indications and obstacles
Authors: Pillay Y.G. , Subedar H.
Published: November 2012

This paper considers indications and obstacles for the development of primary mental health care practice in both developed and under-developed countries. Both are considered as this represents the South African reality. While a significant body of literature has documented the need for primary mental health care, the obstacles (especially in terms of the commodification of health) to its fruition are seldom addressed.
The science of nursing: Current issues and dilemmas
Authors: Brink H.
Published: November 2012

The question regarding the nature and direction of nursing science, how it is derived or why and whether nursing is a science is a much debated one. This article focuses on an examination of the literature with regard to conceptualisations of science in general and nursing in particular with special emphasis on the nature, purpose, methods and domain of science and nursing science. It looks at the various positions taken, examines the consequences of holding any special position and makes suggestions for achieving excellence in Nursing Science.
The problem-solving process with special application to the clinical setting
Authors: Makhathini J.T.
Published: November 2012

Conference paper. Address delivered at the Nursing Education Association Conference on Clinical Teaching: Broederstroom - March 1992
The postnatal review: The task of the midwife
Authors: Benn C.A. , Kotzé W.J. , Nolte A.G.W.
Published: November 2012

There is growing realization that women’s health and involvement in health care are essential keys to health for all. One way in which the midwifery profession can contribute to women’s health is by providing high quality care during the six week postnatal review/checkup. A study in three provincial hospitals in the Port Elizabeth area showed that the actual structure of the postnatal review fell far short of the ideal as specified by the literature. Of all the elements included in the ideal postnatal review, only 23,5% of these were performed or supervised by the midwife. Seventy percent (70%) of these elements were not performed at all, thus emphasising the fact that a comprehensive health service is not being provided at the postnatal clinics in Port Elizabeth.
A concept analysis of nurses’ commitment to patient care
Authors: Mekwa J.N. , Uys L.R. , Vermaak M.V.
Published: November 2012

Commitment to the service of mankind has always been a key concept of professional nursing. However, very little effort seems to have been made to analyse the nature of commitment as a factor in nursing. This article explores the meaning of the concept ‘commitment’ as revealed by a review of the literature and the responses of a group of registered nurses in unstructured interviews. It goes on to analyse the concept by means of a number of techniques such as an analysis of critical attributes, the construction of model cases and related cases, the identification of antecedents and consequences and of empirical referents. The information gleaned was used to structure a study of the commitment to patient care of a group of professional nurses which will be published in a subsequent article.
The phenomenon of caring by the midwife
Authors: Nolte A.G.W.
Published: November 2012

The child-bearing events are normal physiological processes in the body of the woman and embryo-foetus/baby. Many changes in the internal and external environments of the family take place, simultaneously with these normal processes. These changes lead to the development of certain tasks and responsibilities that must be successfully accomplished by the family during the child-bearing events. Many changes have also taken place in midwifery during the last half of this century. These changes in midwifery practice, together with the changes that take place during chi Id-bearing events, may cause the new family to feel insecure during this stage of their lives.
An evaluation of late attenders in labour in Alexandra
Authors: Ngatane L. , Ferrinho P. , McKenzie A. , Reinach S.G.
Published: November 2012

To study why women present in late labour we interviewed 70 parturients in our labour worn for a period of 8 days in March 1990.
The Criteria for Professionalism in Nursing in South Africa
Authors: Searle C.
Published: November 2012

The professional status of nursing has been questioned in some countries by some sociologists, and health service administrators and even by some nurses. This arises from the fact that there is much confused thinking about the criteria by which professional status is measured as well as from the incorrect use of the word “ profession” . Chief amongst the proponents of the concept that nursing (at least in the countries wiui wmcn they are familiar) is not a profession, but a semi-profession, are such authors as Buick-Constable (1969) who maintains that nursing in New Zealand is semi-professional, Etzioni (1969) and Bernard and Thompson (1969) in America who propound the same viewpoint about American nursing.
Gesondheidsdienste en Verantwoordelikhede Onder die nuwe Wet van 1977
Authors: Gilliland J.
Published: November 2012

Health services and responsibility under the new Health Act Summary A brief historical sequence of events leading to the promulgation of the Health Act of 1977 is described. The philosophy of the new Act is discussed stressing the flexibility of health services by the three levels of Government. The policy of consultative policy-making and coordinated decentralised execution is discussed and an outline given of possible responsibilities.
Trends In Coloured Nursing Education
Authors: Venter A.M.
Published: November 2012

Education as a selfgrowth process implies the potential successful adaptation to the world in which one lives; the latter becoming increasingly demanding through the expansion and growth of society as a whole. The Coloured nursing student of today, like all other students, lives in a fantastic era of technological advancement, industrialization, a continual struggle for academic achievement and above all the drive to achieve adjustment within the changing framework of society. The student must therefore be prepared to learn — which is a mental activity by means of which knowledge, skills, attitudes, and ideals are acquired, resulting in the modification of behaviour. The present-day nurse educator, therefore, not only has to be professionally and academically prepared for the educational task in nursing science but has to constantly update knowledge so as to keep abreast of the total interrelated picture of basic human science development. The success or failure of the student when she enters the professional world is an irrevocable reflection of the effectiveness of her teachers.
Ontwikkeling Van Omvattende Gesondheidsdienste in DieSelfregerende Swart Gebiede In Suider-Afrika
Authors: Roux J.P.
Published: November 2012

In the development of health services in the selfgoverning Black territories of South Africa cognisance was taken of the modern holistic concept of health care delivery. The comprehensive hospital-centric health services in these territories have been supplemented by the introduction of community health centres with a broad spectrum of available services. These community health centres make provision for the basic health needs of the different communities and stimulate community participation — a fundamental requirement for community development. Training facilities for nurses fulfil modern requirements but should be adapted to the health needs of developing communities. Conventional curative services are unlikely to meet the basic health needs of all people. The emphasis should be on primary health care — a concept embracing health and welfare in its entirety and not restricted to the provision of medical care or personal health services. Community health development is essentially a social process that should start off with the acceptance of the social function of health and should ensure that health technology is developed and applied in harmony with this social function.
Aspects of Nursing and Nurse Education as Related to the Indian Nurse
Authors: Mahomed R.
Published: November 2012

The Indian girl has centuries of culture behind her and her upbringing is imbued with age-old philosophies and customs. They have been handed down by word of mouth and the practice of extended families has helped perpetuate this.
Die Studentverpieegster As Adolessent
Authors: Human S.P.
Published: November 2012

The student nurse is no exception to the rule that for an adolescent this stage is a time of uncertainty and is full of problems. Her status in the social hierarchy is an uncertain one: She is neither a child nor an adult and yet her patients are mainly adult. She lives through a stage of change, experiences frustration in the face of demands for conformity. She encounters the problem of self-identification. What is this “ self” that she must learn to recognise and accept? It is important that tutors, ward sisters and matrons should be aware of all this and be competent to help the student nurse through adolescence. She must be able to develop into a mature, responsible,professional member of the community.
Man’s Inhumanity to Man
Authors: Mukheibir S.C.
Published: November 2012

All aspects of intensive care — intensive coronary care, intensive post-operative care, post-traumatic intensive care, and so on — are justified on the assumption that human life is valuable and that this value cannot be measured in terms, for example, of cost. Similar exertions are not expended on what might be called subhuman species unless a particular value has been placed on them — usually a monetary value when dealing, say, with a racehorse with stud potential, or a trained dolphin with entertainment potential, and sometimes a scientific value, when a laboratory animal's continued survival is thought to justify extraordinary measures.
How to Misuse Drugs
Authors: Edwards I.R.
Published: November 2012

Most of us, during our training, are taught about the actions of drugs and their side-effects, but very few of us are taught how to misuse drugs. However, this is an art that seems to be acquired through practice in handling drugs, by various members of the medical and nursing professions, as well as by the general population. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a few of the ways in which drugs can be, and are, misused.
Voorligting aan Diabete en die Verpleegsorg Plan
Authors: Fourie R.
Published: November 2012

In the light of research reports it appears that diabetes mellitus is everywhere on the increase, and this fact gives cause for concern. The degree of success attained in the treatment of these patients depends largely on their co-operation and this in turn depends on the diabetic’s knowledge of his sickness, possible complications and treatment and this knowledge must be transmitted by means of education by health personnel.
Haemodynamic Monitoring in the Management Of Cardiogenic Shock in Coronary Care Units
Authors: Schreiber L.A.
Published: November 2012

The management and nursing care of patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction has changed dramatically over the past decade. With the establishment of coronary care units offering facilities for cardiac monitoring and staffed with nurses holding a post-basic diploma in intensive nursing, the prevention or effective treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias became feasible and many have survived as a result of this intensive and skilled care.