bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunophenotypic characteristics of inducible NO synthase expression in dentate gyrus of mature rats in modeling depression and its pharmacological correction
Authors: Smirnov Alexey V. , Ekova Maria R. , Tyurenkov Ivan N. , Volotova Elena V.
Published: March 2022

AIM: The work aimed to investigate inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in dentate gyrus in mature rats when modeling depression, as well as the establish the pharmacological correction possibility of detected changes with Phenibut and compounds under laboratory codes of RSPU-189, RSPU-135.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Depressive-like behavior in animals was modeled by combining stressful stimuli such as loud sound, pulsating bright light, and vibration simultaneous with constant restriction of mobility and fluctuations in temperature of environment for 7 days (daily for 30 minutes). Changes in level of iNOS expression in dentate gyrus were assessed by calculating relative area of immunoreactive material (IRM) and staining intensity in points from 0 to 3.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, rats with experimental depression showed an increase in expression of iNOS-IRM in cytoplasm of neuronal perikarya in granular layer of dentate gyrus, as well as an increase in relative area of iNOS-IRM in neuropil and nerve cells. The use of the compound RSPU-189 (salifen) demonstrated to a greater extent the corrective effect, since in the cytoplasm of neuronal perikarya in granular layer of dentate gyrus of rats, there was a decrease in the expression of iNOS-IRM, as well as a decrease in the relative area of iNOS-IRM in neuropil and nerve cells, which corresponded to values of these parameters in the control group of animals.
CONCLUSIONS: An experimental modeling of depression in dentate gyrus of mature rats revealed an increase of iNOS-IRM expression, the decrease of which was noted in its pharmacological correction with the compound RSPU-189 (salifen), which may indicate the predominant neuroprotective effect of this compound on GABAergic neurotransmission mechanisms.
Autophagy as a life support marker of isolated hepatocytes
Authors: Bgatova Nataliya P. , Dossymbekova Raushan S. , Taskaeva Julia S. , Miroshnichenko Svetlana M. , Knyazev Roman A. , Solovieva Anastasia O. , Sharipov Kamalidin O. , Tungushbaeva Zina B.
Published: March 2022

AIM: The work aimed to reveal structural signs of autophagy in the cytoplasm of isolated hepatocytes in the dynamics of their cultivation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cultivated hepatocyte culture cell cycle was studied by flow cytofluorometry. The cells were cultured for 1, 24, and 48 hours. Morphometric analysis was performed using of the computer program Image J. The diameters of the nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes, the volumes of nuclei and cytoplasm, and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio were determined. The concentration of intracellular organelles and autophagy was evaluated with magnification by 30000 times.
RESULTS: The cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 stage after 24 hours of hepatocyte cultivation and the preservation of their viability by hour 48 of the experiment without increase in the percentage of cells in the apoptosis stage were revealed. The decrease in the absolute count of cells was registered, as well as an increase in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio indicating a decrease in the proportion of hepatocyte cytoplasm in the course of cultivation. After 24 hours of cultivation, autophagosomes with fragments of cytoplasm, glycogen rosettes, and autolysosomes with partially degraded material were revealed in the cell cytoplasm. By hour 48 of the study, a significant decrease in the volume density of glycogen and mitochondria was noted, as well as an increase in basal autophagy in hepatocytes, with a prevalence of glycophagy and mitophagy.
CONCLUSIONS: Autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis of isolated hepatocytes under standard culture conditions, as evidenced by a decrease in the volume density of glycogen and mitochondria, and an increase in basal autophagy in the hepatocyte cytoplasm. The findings indicate the contribution of autophagy to the survival of the primary culture of hepatocytes and can be used as an indicator of the adequacy of culturing conditions.
Comment on the article “Pathomimia in a practice of an ophthalmologist”
Authors: Davydov Dmitry V.
Published: March 2022

Comment of the Editor-in-chief on the article by Potemkin V.V., Marchenko O.A., Goltsman E.V., Anikina L.K., Gladysheva E.K. Pathomimia in the practice of an ophthalmologist, 2021, V. 14, No. 4.
Why are patients with mature cataract admitted to hospital? Challenges for cataract surgery
Authors: Ivachev Evgenii A. , Denisova Irina P. , Anisimova Elena V. , Tanash Mohammed A.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: A lot of patients are admitted to hospital with mature cataract, this raises the risk of complications and makes longer the rehabilitation period.
AIM: To identify the reasons for admission of patients with advanced forms of cataract, and associated factors complicating the surgery in these patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 674 operated patients with various degrees of lens opacity; out of them, 145 (21.5%) cases were with mature cataracts.
RESULTS: 95.2% (n = 138) of patients did not seek ophthalmological attention, 4.8% (n = 7) of patients noted that they were referred late due to the fault of their local ophthalmologists. In 31.9% of cases (138 patients), the main cause was absence of an ophthalmologist in the outpatient polyclinic. The patients lack of funds for the purchase of an intraocular lens (IOL) was the reason in 26.1%. In 15.2% of cases, patients refused surgery due to domestic problems. 14.5% of patients lived with the idea of self-restoration of vision. Low transportable patients amounted to 5.1%; in 4.3% of cases, elderly patients did not perceive the loss of spatial vision in one eye. Remaining 2.9% of patients from the psychoneurological dispensary were admitted for phacoemulsification having intumescent cataracts. The maturity of the cataract leads to certain intraoperative difficulties, which are accompanied by additional manipulations, increasing the risk of complications and the duration of procedures. These include: pupil diameter less than 5 mm 37.2%; pseudoexfoliation syndrome 22.8%; the presence of an advanced intumescent cataract in 36.6%; shallow anterior chamber 44.8%; lens subluxation 24.1%; atrophy of the pupillary margin 39.3%; fibrosis of the posterior capsule diagnosed intraoperatively 13.8%. Phacoemulsification was carried out using the Optimed phaco machine (Russia). For an immature cataract, we used a power of 30% and the time spent was 2.73 seconds; with a mature one 60% and 9.96 seconds respectively. The best corrected visual acuity on Day 1 after cataract extraction was 0.53 0.27, on Day 7 0.73 0.22, after 3 months 0.76 0.25.
CONCLUSIONS: Mature cataract is encountered in 21.5% of all cataract surgeries. In 95.2% of cases, patients themselves did not seek medical help. The maturity of the cataract led to certain factors complicating the course of surgery: pupil diameter less than 5 mm, swelling of the lens cortical masses, shallow anterior chamber, lens subluxation, atrophy of the pigment border of the iris. The ultrasound power used in the mature cataract surgery was 2 times higher than in that of immature ones; and the operating time of ultrasound increased by 3.6 times.
Recurrent corneal erosion
Authors: Trufanov Sergey V. , Seyfeddin Akhmed S. , Turgel Vadim A.
Published: March 2022

Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) is a common recurrent disease caused by abnormal adhesion of the corneal epithelium to the basement membrane. Previous corneal trauma is the most common cause of this disease. Corneal dystrophies, such as dystrophy of the epithelial basement membrane, Meesmann dystrophy, ReisBcklers dystrophy, lattice dystrophy and granular dystrophies, are also involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent corneal erosion. The main diagnostic methods for recurrent corneal erosion are slit-lamp examination and taking of medical history. Detectable RCE changes range from small corneal irregularities (such as epithelial microcysts) to large areas of loose epithelium or epithelial defects detecting by fluorescein staining. Areas of irregular epithelium with grayish inclusions or microcysts and a fingerprint pattern or a map-like defects are also revealed. The main goal of treatment is to relieve pain, stimulate re-epithelialization, and fully restore the adhesion of the basement membrane and epithelium. Lubricants and matrix proteinase inhibitors are prescribed as first-line therapy, and blood derivatives can be used as second-line therapy. When conservative therapy fails, surgical procedures are used (excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy, Bowmans membrane polishing with diamond drill, anterior stromal puncture, corneal collagen cross-linking).
Bipolar Bozukluk Tanılı Hastalarda Tedaviye Uyum ve İlişkili Faktörler
Authors: KARAYTUĞ Mahmut Onur , TAMAM Lut , DEMİRKOL Mehmet Emin , NAMLI Zeynep
Published: March 2022

Mevcut tedavi seçeneklerine rağmen, bipolar bozukluk tanılı hastaların tedavi uyumunda belirgin bir artış görülmemektedir. Kronik hastalığı olanlarda, tedaviye uyum iyileşmeyi etkileyen önemli bir faktördür. Tedaviye uyumsuzluk psikiyatrik bozukluklarda genelde “içgörü eksikliği” ile açıklanır. Tedaviye uyumu hastanın ailesinin ve kendisinin hastalığı algılama şekilleri de etkilemektedir. Sosyal desteği yeterli olmayan, rahatsızlık ile ilgili bilgi eksiği olan, ailesinde işlevsiz tutumlar ve damgalanma korkusu olan hastaların ilaç uyumu olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Çalışmalarda ilaç tedavisine uyumlu olmama ile ilgili üç temel madde saptanmıştır. Hastaya bağlı faktörler ; yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, madde kullanımı, psikotik bozukluk, kişilik bozukluğu, hasta rolüne bağlı kazançlar, hastalığa bağlı faktörler; içgörünün yetersiz olması, uzun süreli ilaç kullanımına dair yetersiz bilgi , hastalığın kronisite kazanması, hastalıkla ilgili bilgi eksikliği, stigma, hastalık kabulü/reddi, ilaca bağlı faktörler; iyileşme veya hiçbir iyileşme belirtisi olmaması, yan etkiler, ilaç bağımlılığı konusundaki endişelerdir. Bu maddeler arasında en bilinen ilaca bağlı yan etkilerdir. Bipolar bozukluk tanılı bireylerde ilaç uyumsuzluğu, yaşam kalitesini düşürüp , hastaneye yatış oranlarını artırmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bakım masrafları ve mortalitenin yüksek olmasına, depresif ataklara, intiharlara, neden olmaktadır. Tedavi uyumsuzluğuna sebep olan etkenlerin belirlenmesi ve ortadan kaldırılması tedavi uyumunu arttırmakla birlikte, tedavi masraflarını ve hastaneye yatış sayısını azaltacaktır.
Milling chatter monitoring based on sparse representation and image similarity measurement
Authors: Yang Kai , Wang Guofeng , Cong Junyu
Published: March 2022

It is well known that chatter is one of the main bottlenecks affecting the surface quality of workpieces and production efficiency during machining. In this paper, a new chatter monitoring methodology is proposed on the basis of sparse representation and image similarity measurement
to recognise chatter in the manufacturing process. Due to its non-stationary nature with regard to chatter signals, variational mode decomposition (VMD) is utilised and timefrequency entropy (TFE) based on VMD is introduced to measure the complexity. Then, the overcomplete dictionary is pre-trained
using the characteristic matrix image extracted from the multi-domain features, thus facilitating the description of chatter from various perspectives. Subsequently, the visualised sparse coefficient matrix is acquired from the trained dictionary and regarded as the reference image, in which
detailed information can be obtained from the visualisation of the image. Next, an image similarity measurement method is applied to assess the similarity between the tested sparse coefficient image and the reference image, thereby considering the local and global quality maps such that a
comprehensive index for chatter detection can be obtained to fuse the various features. Finally, to validate the proposed methodology, experimental chatter tests are conducted under different machining conditions. The results demonstrate that the chatter can be discriminated at the early stage
of chatter development, thus leaving more time to take suppression measures.
Evaluation of the application of water kefir grains in the decolouration of solutions containg textile dye
Authors: Xavier Ingrid Lorena Pereira , Alcides Mayara , Barbosa Nathália Soares , Bagagli Marcela Pavan
Published: March 2022

One of the main environmental problems presented by the textile industry is the generation of effluents containing synthetic dyes. Because of that, studies have been carried out in order to remove or degrade the dyes present in wastewater and thus, the adsorption process in polymeric matrices has been highlighted due to its low cost and high efficiency in bioremediation. In this context, it was verified the potential of biodegradation of the anthraquinone C. I. Reactive Blue 4 HFG textile dye (Dianativo®) by water kefir grains, as well as the application of the insoluble exopolysaccharide produced by the grains as an adsorbent of the dye, evaluating the effect of pH and initial concentration of dyes in the reduction of staining in a model system. The grains and their insoluble polysaccharide matrix were presented as capable of decolourizing dye solutions under the evaluated conditions, reducing the dye concentration in the solution by up to 92%.
Incidental finding of a rare ureteroinguinal hernia: general surgeons take heed!
Authors: Long Brittany , Aseervatham Ratna
Published: March 2022

Ureteroinguinal hernias are a rare phenomenon where the ureter is found in the hernia sac of an inguinal hernia, with less than 150 cases reported worldwide. They can be asymptomatic or symptomatic, and are commonly found perioperatively. We present a case of a 74-year-old man who was initially referred for consideration of surgery of bilateral inguinal hernias. The patient was relatively asymptomatic and given comorbidities the risk of surgery outweighed the benefits and he was discharged from the clinic. He was re-referred to general surgery after he sustained a fall, and subsequent computer tomography (CT) imaging of his abdomen demonstrated a right inguinal hernia containing the right distal ureter, resulting in ureteric obstruction and hydronephrosis. He subsequently underwent an open right inguinal hernia repair where the ureter was not able to be identified, but was safeguarded with blunt dissection techniques. Post operatively his renal function was stable. Ureteroinguinal hernias are most commonly found perioperatively, and therefore are at risk during dissection. Preoperative CT imaging is invaluable in the detection of ureteroinguinal hernias, and can help in the safeguarding of the ureter during operation. While a clinical diagnosis is usually all that is required for decision-making for an inguinal hernia repair; the surgeon should consider the addition of radiological work-up when the patient presents with atypical symptoms, or the hernia sac may contain intra-abdominal structures. This will ensure correct diagnosis of the contents and subtype of inguinal hernia, and help prevent iatrogenic injury.
An epidemiological retrospective profile of medico-legal autopsy cases reported at a tertiary care center in Dhulikhel, Nepal
Authors: Sami Khan Abdul , Bichha Navneet
Published: March 2022

Autopsy is a systematic scientific examination of dead body that helps in manifesting the information about the cause of death in case of an unnatural death. Medico legal autopsy profiling helps to understand the nature of casualties, it helps to assess the social and economic profile for understanding the nature of crime in particular area, helps to address the demographic needs according to the mortality statistics specific to that region and helpful to identify the need necessary to take preventive measures to stop the crime or unnatural deaths by means of spreading awareness and psychological course. This study aims to analyses the pattern of autopsy cases with manner and various causes of death which was conducted in a tertiary level hospital. This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of one year (Oct 2020 to Oct 2021) at Dhulikhel hospital, Nepal. During the study period on one year, a total of 258 cases of medicolegal autopsies were performed at Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. Out of the 258 cases analyzed maximum incidence of the postmortems were reported in the age group of 43.80% was reported from 20 to 39 years aged group which are the most productive years in one’s life. The maximum incidence of the postmortems was reported in the male population of 70.54% compared to the female population (29.46%). Our strongest conclusion is that male/female differences in medicolegal autopsies are highly dependent on historical time and geographic location. The maximum incidence 32.56% was reported within 6 – 12 hours’ time group and minimum incidence 12.02% was reported within 0 – 6 hours’ time group. The maximum incidence 48.06% was reported from Suicide group and minimum incidence 6.20% was reported from Homicide group. The maximum incidence 33.72% was reported by Hanging group and minimum incidence 0.39% were reported from Choking and Traumatic Asphyxia groups during the medicolegal autopsies, , , , ,
Pneumothorax — A rare cause of delayed death in hanging
Authors: Veeravijayan A. , Narendar R
Published: March 2022

Hanging is one of the commonest methods of committing suicide. In most cases of hanging, death occurs immediately, usually within 3 to 5 minutes and it is due to asphyxia, cerebral anoxia, vagal inhibition, venous congestion, or injury to the spinal cord. However, more number of cases have been reported in various literatures, in which death has occurred after a certain time period or the patients have been survived after initial resuscitative measures and later died after a prolonged period due to the complications such as aspiration, infections, HIE, etc., In this article, we present a case report of a 24-year old female in which she died three days after the incident due to one or more delayed complications including pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax (a rare finding).
The Market Design Approach to Teacher Assignment: Evidence from Ecuador
Authors: Elacqua Gregory , Westh Olsen Anne Sofie , Velez-Ferro Santiago
Published: March 2022

We study the advantages, trade-offs, and challenges of employing a centralized rule to determine the allocation of teachers to schools. Data come from the centralized teacher assignment program in Ecuador, "Quiero ser Maestro," conducted by the Ministry of Education. Notably, in 2019 the program transitioned from a priority based algorithm to a strategy proof mechanism, similar to the change introduced in Boston in 2005 to assign students to schools. Using the reported preferences, we conduct a counterfactual analysis and nd substantive evidence that the adjustment in algorithm resulted in greater efficiency for the school system. However, in contrast to the Boston case, we nd the benefits stem from increasing the competition for positions among teachers, rather than by the introduction of a strategy-proof mechanism.
Do Creative Industries Enhance Employment Growth? Regional Evidence from Colombia
Authors: Campi Mercedes , Dueñas Marco
Published: March 2022

Do creative industries have positive spillovers for the local economy in middle-income countries, for instance by attracting creative workers who benefit entrepreneurs and workers in other industries? Creative industries are considered highly innovative and productive and several studies in high-income countries have revealed such spillovers. However, the institutional and economic settings in middle-income countries may not be as conducive to them. Creative industries represented between 2.7 and 3.3 percent of Colombian employment in 2008 and 2017. Using granular employment data, we study their agglomeration patterns between 2008 and 2017. We nd agglomeration in the largest cities (Bogota, Medellin, and Cartagena) and in a few smaller cities. Using methodologies from prior studies yields a positive relationship between creative industry agglomeration and employment in non-creative services industries. However, after controlling for endogeneity using a shift-share instrumental variable approach, we nd, contrary to analyses of high-income countries, no signicant impact of an increase of creative industries employment on employment growth in other industries.
Development of Sustainable Urban Railway Service Model Using Micmac-Mactor: A Case Study in Jabodetabek Mega-Region Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanto Yanuar , Fauzi Akhmad , Rustiadi Ernan , Syartinilia
Published: March 2022

Electric trains (KRL) provide services to residents living in Jabodetabek, one of the world's most significant regions. Although KRL is used daily by about 973,366 residents to carry out their activities, some factors influence its usage. Therefore, this study aims to identify the critical elements that affect train services and the patterns of relationships amongst actors to construct a model for long-term sustainability. This study was carried out using the Micmac and Mactor methods. Micmac is a causal structural matrix that can investigate the relationship between parameters in a system. The Mactor technique, on the other hand, is applied to a variety of tactics involving many actors and a set of related interests and goals. The results showed five critical variables for sustainable urban rail service, namely Safety, Capital, Eco monitoring and evaluation, Eco plan, and COVID control are needed. Meanwhile, The General Administration of Railways, Ministry of Transport, and Indonesian commuter train company are two institutions or actors that are very influential in mobilizing the safety of KRL users amid a pandemic to ensure the continuity of train services. This study also finds that critical variables, key actors, and rail destinations strongly influence the sustainability of social, economic, and environmental aspects of urban rail transportation services. In conclusion, this study provides new insight into developing a sustainable urban rail service model in Jabodetabek KRL.
Mapping the Diversity of Regional Characteristics Towards Sustainable Economic Strategic Area Development: A Case Study of West-East Corridor of West Sumatra Province
Authors: Amelia Siska , Rustiadi Ernan , Barus Baba , Juanda Bambang
Published: March 2022

There are different characteristics distinguishing a region from the others, thereby, leading to the diversities in the regional potentials and problems as well as the strategic regional development policies to be implemented. The East-West Corridor is one of the eleven provincial strategic economic areas in West Sumatra. It covers nine regencies or cities and 65 sub-districts with different characteristics and typologies and this leads to diversity in the strategies to develop this area. This study aims to determine the diversity associated with the characteristics and typologies of the strategic area of the East-West Corridor. This involved using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis technique, spatial clustering analysis, and overlay analysis. Moreover, the regional characteristics and typologies were grouped based on 17 observational variables used in producing four main components including trade and tourism services, agriculture, livestock/fishery, and tourism. The results of spatial clustering analysis produced 3 clusters which are the urban, desa-kota, and rural areas while the overlay analysis produced ten regional characteristics and typologies used as the basis to make strategies and policies for each region’s development and to increase investment opportunities in the strategic area of West-East Corridor and the Province of West Sumatra in general.
MSMEs Business Sustainability Models in Indonesia
Authors: Muafi Muafi , Roostika Ratna
Published: March 2022

Business environment is very uncertain. To remain competitive, the RBV theory suggests that human resource is the most important resource for sustainable competitive advantage. The current global competition and the constantly changing environment requires all businesses respond accordingly. The research emphasizes on the MSMEs business sustainability models in Indonesia that integrated Green HRM, personal values, green organizational culture and competitive strategy to business sustainability. The study will empirically test the model in the MSMEs creative industries in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta and Central Java Province, Indonesia. The respondents of this study are the owners and managers of creative Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) chosen by purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique is using AMOS 23. The results show that business sustainability model in creative MSMEs by considering Green HRM, personal values, green organizational culture, and competitive strategy is not yet be able to be implemented.
The Capability of the Meranti Islands Regency Government in the Development of Sago Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Rusli Zaili , Rafi Muhammad , Handoko Tito
Published: March 2022

Various government initiatives to support food security based on local wisdom, such as planting sago, must be implemented through multiple agricultural potentials. On the other hand, the facts show that sago is still not consumed as a staple food and requires extensive local government expertise. Therefore, this study aims to examine the ability of local governments to produce sago based on local wisdom in the Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province. This study uses a qualitative approach with data analysis techniques on the Nvivo 12 Plus software concept map analysis. Based on the research results, the ability of the Meranti Islands Regency Government has four dimensions of capability, namely: First, in the knowledge and skills dimension, the government has carried out the task with regional agencies in socializing the "One Day with Sago" program. Second, on the technical system dimension, the government already has a technical design and specifications for sago processing, focusing on developing small and medium-sized industrial centers. Third, in the Managerial System Dimension, the government has encouraged community empowerment and designated Meranti as a sago cluster area. Fourth, in the Dimension of Values, the government has made efforts to empower the community sustainably and has produced various innovations in the content of sago production.
Animal Rights in Indonesian Environmental Law: Case Studies in Disaster Prone Areas
Authors: Sonhaji  , Wibawa Kadek Cahya Susila , Natalis Aga , Noho Muhammad Dzikirullah H.
Published: March 2022

This research focuses more on analysing the urgency of animal rights protection in Indonesia: case studies in disaster-prone areas and examining the legal status of animals as legal subjects to recognise animal rights in Indonesian Environmental Law. This research is research in the field of law with a normative juridical approach. The study results indicate that the authorised institution must carry out the preparedness phase to ensure animal welfare to deal with emergencies such as natural disaster situations. When animals have become legal subjects, then if actors want to destroy and criminalise habitats, animal life will automatically think twice about doing so. Animals have been recognised, and guaranteed legal certainty will be realised as a situation where previously animals became legal objects now become legal subjects. The House of Representatives and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia are expected to make changes to environmental laws and various policies related to animals in disaster-prone areas.
Ločevanje široko in ozko listnih rastlin v podporo sistemu za zaznavo plevela
Authors: Kenda Urban , Rakun Jurij
Published: March 2022

Sodobno kmetijstvo se srečuje z vedno višjo stopnjo avtomatizacije, katere cilj je pridelati več pridelka, ki dosega višjo kakovosti, vse to ob manjših negativnih učinkih na okolje in s potencialom ohranitve narave za naslednje generacije. V ta namen smo v sklopu študentskega projekta razvoja avtonomnega kmetijskega robota Farmbeast ustvarili sistem za selektivno škropljenje plevela, katerega del sta dva algoritma za ločevanje ozko- in širokolistnih rastlin, nujna za ločevanje plevela od pridelka. Ob uporabi testnega nabora slik je prvi algoritem uspešno zaznal širokolistni plevel s 53,3 % in ozkolistni s 93,3 % uspešnostjo medtem, ko drugi algoritem obe sorti plevela uspešno loči v 93,3 %. Delo opisuje tudi orodje, ki je bilo v sklopu projekta razvito in deluje na podlagi algoritma ter škropi s potrebnim herbicidom.
Ocenjevanje starosti osebe na osnovi digitalnih posnetkov z uporabo modificirane mreže VGG-Face
Authors: Krel Tilen , Potočnik Božidar
Published: March 2022

V članku predstavimo model konvolucijske nevronske mreže za ocenjevanje starosti osebe iz digitalnega posnetka. Kot osnova za naš model je bila uporabljena in modificirana obstoječa arhitektura konvolucijske nevronske mreže VGG-Face, namenjena razpoznavanju obrazov. Za učenje in testiranje sta bili uporabljeni bazi podatkov IMDB-WIKI in FG-NET. Na bazi podatkov IMDB-WIKI je bila dosežena povprečna napaka med dejansko in ocenjeno starostjo 6,7 leta, na bazi podatkov FG-NET pa je z validacijsko metodo »izpusti-eno-osebo« bila izračunana povprečna napaka med dejansko in ocenjeno starostjo 3,9 leta. Dobljeni rezultati so primerljivi oziroma le malo zaostajajo za najuspešnejšimi metodami za ocenjevanje starosti osebe iz digitalnega posnetka. Na tej osnovi naš model ocenjujemo kot primeren za uporabo v produkcijskih rešitvah.
Clinical aspects of laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia, Angotoeva I. B. , Shchepkina E. V. ,   Russain Presidental Academy of National Economy and Public Administration,  Moscow, 119571, Russia,   Techdepartament,  Moscow region, Khimki, 141407, Russia, Magomedova M. M. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
Published: March 2022

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) as the cause of symptoms in the absence of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is often questioned. But it is worth remembering that GERD is a whole complex of symptoms that occur when the mucous membrane is damaged. We aimed to study the clinical symptoms of LPR without esophageal symptoms. The study included 66 women and 34 men with complaints typical of LPR, aged 18 to 70. The study included patients with typical LPR complaints without esophageal symptoms who rated them at more than 13 points according to the RSI questionnaire. 91 patients (95%) complained of hoarseness; 93 (97%), of a sore throat; 88 (92%), of excessive mucus coughing up or its running off from the nose; 36 (38%), of difficulty swallowing; 43 (45%), of coughing after eating or after lying down; 68 (71%), of shortness of breath or episodes of suffocation; 64 (67%), of excruciating or hacking cough; 84 (88%), of feeling of something sticky in the throat or a lump in the throat. In addition to the typical symptoms of LPR, patients may experience difficulty in nasal breathing; sneezing in the absence of respiratory allergies; burning and bitterness in the mouth; bad breath due to the formation of tonsilloliths; complaints from the ear not recorded by objective methods of research. 23% of patients with LPR suffer from carcinophobia. We concluded that LPR affects the larynx and all parts of the pharynx. The appointment of omeprazole 20 mg 30 minutes before meals in the morning 1 time per day for 6 weeks significantly reduces the symptoms of LPR. A new questionnaire is required for the early detection of LPR symptoms by a questionnaire method.
Czy komputer rozpozna hejtera? Wykorzystanie uczenia maszynowego (ML) w jakościowej analizie danych
Authors: Troszyński Marek , Wawer Aleksander
Published: March 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie procesu automatyzacji kodowania tekstów pochodzących z mediów społecznościowych. Wdrożenie tego procesu pozwala na ilościowe potraktowanie jakościowych metod analizy treści. W efekcie otrzymujemy możliwość przeprowadzenia analizy na korpusach liczących setki tysięcy tekstów, które są kodowane w oparciu o ich znaczenia. Jest to możliwe dzięki wykorzystaniu algorytmów uczenia maszynowego (ML). Omawianą metodę kodowania prezentujemy na przykładzie projektu oznaczania „mowy nienawiści” w tekstach pochodzących z polskich forów internetowych. Kluczowym problemem jest precyzyjna konceptualizacja i operacjonalizacja tej kategorii. Pozwala to na przygotowanie dokładnej instrukcji kodowej oraz przeprowadzenie treningu zespołu kodującego. Efektem jest podwyższenie współczynnika zgodności kodujących. Oznaczone teksty zostaną wykorzystane jako dane treningowe dla metod automatycznej kategoryzacji opartych o algorytmy uczenia maszynowego. W dalszej części artykułu opisujemy zastosowane metody kodowania automatycznego. Tekst kończy podsumowanie wskazujące na czynniki, które są kluczowe dla procesu badawczego wykorzystującego uczenie maszynowe.
Metodyka dla analizy treści w projektach stosujących techniki text mining i rozwiązania CAQDAS piątej generacji
Authors: Tomanek Krzysztof
Published: March 2022

Projekty, w których przychodzi nam pracować z dużymi wolumenami danych tekstowych, pochodzących z rożnych źródeł i zapisanych w różnorodnych formatach, rodzą wiele dylematów natury metodologicznej, wymagają często niestandardowych decyzji i rozwiązań. W szczególności zadanie polegające na opracowaniu danych o różnorodnej jakości, nieustrukturyzowanych typu quan i qual wymagać może pracy, w której dynamicznie zmieniają się strategie analizy danych, sposoby przekształcania danych tekstowych. Artykuł opisuje przykład takiej właśnie „dynamicznej” metodyki. Wykazała ona swoją wartość w zadaniu polegającym na klasyfikacji wypowiedzi pisanych. W tak zarysowanym kontekście autor artykułu mierzy się z następującymi celami: (a) czy można zastosować oprogramowanie klasy CAQDAS do pracy półautomatycznej lub automatycznej zastępującej część manualnej pracy nad klasyfikacją wypowiedzi? (b) jak skonstruować metodykę klasyfikacji dla danych o różnorodnej jakości? (c) kiedy klasyfikacja automatyczna jest przydatna, a kiedy nie ma szans powodzenia? W artykule zaznaczone zostaną momenty, w których analityk sięga po wiedzę typową dla analiz danych jakościowych oraz te, kiedy wiedza z tego obszaru nie jest już wystarczająca do realizacji wskazanych celów (natural language processing, uczenie maszynowe). Przykład projektu będący tłem artykułu wymusił zastosowanie kilku narzędzi i języków wspierających pracę na danych. Praca nad transformacją, klasyfikacją oraz wizualizacją wyników wymagała zastosowania bazy MySQL oraz programów: R, QDA Miner, Wordstat, QlikSense. Roli i ograniczeniom narzędzi klasy CAQDAS poświęconych zostało także kilka uwag.
Biological and social reasons of child mortality in the Danzig District in the second part of the 19th century
Authors: Liczbińska Grażyna
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work is to characterise the child mortality in urban and rural areas of the Danzig (Gdańsk) District and in the city of Danzig, in the second half of the 19th century. The study material encompassed the demographic data on mortality coming from the 19th century Prussian statistical yearbooks. The basic mortality measures such as infant death rates, neonatal and postneonatal death rates and child death rates were computed for selected years of the second half of the 19th century. Life tables were constructed in accordance with Halley’s method and based on the assumption the population was of stationary type. Further, the causes of child deaths and the occupational structure of the families of deceased children were discussed.
Polish anthropology on the eve of the new millennium
Authors: Drozdowski Zbigniew
Published: March 2022

Author summarizes the main achievements of Polish anthropology in the 20th century, presents the main research problems of this discipline in contemporary Poland and points at the potential dangers which may be faced by Polish anthropology in the forthcoming years.
​Effectiveness of Foliar and Soil Application of Zinc Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics of Vigna unguiculata
Authors: Batra Neha , Sharma Ameeta
Published: March 2022

Background: The Zinc deficiency is a worldwide nutritional constraint for crop production in many types of soil. Appropriate application methods of Zn fertilizer are still unclear. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Zn fertilizer and application methods on the growth characteristics of Vigna unguiculata. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Zinc fertilizer and application method on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Vigna unguiculata from June to September of 2019, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. A pot experiment was conducted as a factorial design with 3 replications. Result: The application of 15 kg ZnSO4.7H2O/ha increased chlorophyll content in leaves, improved photosynthesis and increased protein content of Vigna unguiculata, when applied as foliar application as opposed to being applied in basal application. These results have important implications for guiding the rational application of Zinc fertilizer and improving the yield of Vigna unguiculata.
​Prevalence Risk Factor Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Maharashtra
Authors: Sarawade V.N. , Pawar P.D. , Mhase P.P. , Mote C.S. , Ambore B.N. , Kundu K. , Nimbalkar V.G. , Dhaygude V.S. , Das N.S. , Singla L.D.
Published: March 2022

Background: The research work was undertaken with the aim to investigate the prevalence and influence of associated risk factors on canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), by employing conventional and molecular techniques in naturally occurring ehrlichiosis in dogs from the geographical area of Pune and Satara, Maharashtra, India. Methods: Evaluation of 60 blood samples from dogs exhibiting illness clinically suggestive of CME was performed for the detection of Ehrlichia canis by conventional microscopy and PCR-based assays targeting 16S rRNA gene. The collected blood samples were also utilized immediately for estimation of haemato-biochemical parameters. Descriptive statistics along with chi-square test of association were performed by using SPSS software. Result: Microscopic examination of Geimsa stained thin blood smears revealed Ehrlichia canis morulae in 5.00% (03/60) samples. Processing of purified DNA from blood samples by Genus-specific 16SrRNA PCR, with known primers resulted in amplification of 477 bp product of 6.66% (04/60) samples evident of CME. Further two step nested PCR assay using published species-specific primers yielded 387 bp product in 16.66% (10/60) samples indicative of E. canis. Younger, exotic cross breed females dogs were found more prone compared to adults. Indian non-descript male counterparts and winter season being more favorable for CME. Sequence analysis of randomly selected representative samples from Pune and Satara each when aligned with nine isolates from India and western countries showed complete homology.
​Structural Modification and CD8+ Cells Distribution of Uterus in Pregnancy of Ewes
Authors: Islam M.M. , Das P. , Malakar R. , Gautam A.K.
Published: March 2022

Background: Nowadays, the infertility and abortion due to different etiological factors are very fatal cause of economic loss in animal husbandry practices. Infections outreach when natural immune defense barrier breaks down resulting in abortion, miscarriage. The gravid and non-gravid genitalias have self-defense power in the form of natural immunity and lymphocytes and their subsets are major responsible immune components. The current study was aimed to evaluate the changes of uterine structure and population of immune cells in pregnancy. Methods: During the period of 2017-2018, apparently healthy 6 gravid and 6 non-gravid uterus of Garole ewes were procured from Govt. registered slaughter unit, West Bengal. The samples were processed for routine histological sectioning and different staining techniques were followed for assessment of structural modification. For immune cells identification, immunohistochemistry was performed. Result: The endometrial thickness and the lining epithelial height of the gravid uterus were maximum. The number as well as size of the caruncles were maximum in gravid uterus. The uterine glands of the gravid uterus were hyperplastic and the epithelium showed stronger PAS-AB reaction. The myometrial thickness was more in the gravid uterus. The lymphocytes were especially abundant in the basal zone of endometrium and their population was more at the middle part of the uterus. The occurrence of CD8+ cells was found within the luminal and glandular epithelium of the caruncular and inter caruncular areas. In the gravid uterus, comparatively the population of CD8+ cells was more. As the CD8, cytotoxic T cells inhibit anti-foetal response, increase natural immune defensive barrier and destroy intracellular pathogens, we may conclude that increased population of CD8+ cells maintain the successful pregnancy.
Deteksi Virus Avian Influenza Subtipe H5N1 pada Itik di Pasar Hewan Beringkit dan Pasar Galiran, Bali
Authors: Martinez Ni Wayan Intan , Kencana Gusti Ayu Yuniati , Dibia I Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Avian Influenza merupakan penyakit zoonosis disebabkan oleh virus Avian Influenza (AI) subtipe H5N1, penyakit ini ditemukan hampir di seluruh belahan dunia. Itik adalah unggas air yang merupakan inang alami virus AI. Virus AI subtipe H5N1 yang menyerang unggas dapat ditemukan pada unggas hidup yang dijual di pasar. Pasar hewan berperan penting dalam penyebaran virus AI dari unggas ke unggas, serta dari unggas ke manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sirkulasi virus AI pada itik di Pasar Hewan Beringkit dan Pasar Galiran, Bali. Total sampel 120 swab kloaka dan trakea itik diambil di pasar hewan Beringkit dan Galiran masing-masing 60 sampel. Sampel swab digabung (pooling) berdasarkan pedagang itik dan waktu pengambilan. Isolasi virus dilakukan pada telur ayam bertunas (TAB) berumur sembilan hari. Carian allantois yang dipanen selanjutnya diuji serologis hemaglutinasi (HA/HI) dan uji Reverese Transkriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masing-masing satu sampel positif virus AI subtipe H5N1 dari setiap pasar dengan proporsi positif di kedua pasar sebesar 1,7% (2/120). Data ini mengindikasikan bahwa virus AI subtipe H5N1 masih bersirkulasi di Pasar Hewan Beringkit dan Galiran.
Obszary współpracy województwa dolnośląskiego z Saksonią
Authors: Karpińska-Olszewska Joanna
Published: March 2022

Die gebiete der zusammenarbeit zwischen der Woiwodschaft Niederschlesien und SachsenDer Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die wichtigsten Bereiche der Beziehungen zwischen Niederschlesien und Sachsen:   Städtepartnerschaft, Euroregion Neiße und Programme der Europäischen Union. Fast alle bilateralen Projekte werden in ihren Rahmen realisiert. Sie bestätigen, dass die 20-jährige Zusammenarbeit der Regionen zur Herausarbeitung stabiler und zielgerichteter Beziehungen geführt hat.Die Städtepartnerschaft stellt die früheste Form der Zusammenarbeit dar, noch bevor die offiziellen Kontakte zwischen  Niederschlesien und Sachsen aufgenommen wurden. Die Analyse der Kooperation von vier mit Kreisstatus Städten Jelenia Góra, Legnica, Wałbrzych, Wrocław mit ihren deutschen Partnern Bautzen, Dresden, Freiberg und Meißen ließ die Tätigkeitsgebiete zu bestimmen, auf welchen die meisten Projekte initiiert werden Kultur, offi zielle Besuche und Schüleraustausch.Die Euroregion Neisse wurde zum Forum direkter und aktiver Zusammenarbeit der Bewohner der Grenzgebiete von Tschechien, Deutschland und Polen. Ihr erstes Ziel, das Entgegenwirken der Umweltzerstörung, wurde mit den Jahren um weitere Aspekte ergänzt: wirtschaftliche, in frastrukturelle, soziale und politische. Die mit ihr verbundenen Anstrengungen stellen zweifelhaft ein  Beispiel für den Erfolg niederschlesisch-sächsischer Beziehungen dar.Die Unterstützung durch Programme der Europäischen Union im Rahmen der Regional- und Kohäsionspolitik wird verwendet, um diverse Projekte in Gang zu setzen. Die meisten Aktivitäten sind mit dem Zusammenarbeitsprogramm INTERREG Polen-Sachsen verbunden.Die genannten Bereiche werden jedoch nicht vollständig ausgelastet, bei maximalem Einsatz des zugänglichen Potentials. Wichtig ist daher, sowohl die Zusammenarbeit zu intensivieren, als auch dabei die Kapazitäten der Regionen und die Erwartungen der Einwohner zu berücksichtigen.
Using graphic productions in medical — neuropsychological, psychiatric and neurological — diagnosis
Authors: Skubisz-Ślusarczyk Sylwia
Published: March 2022

The problems indicated in the present publication result from various malfunctions or deficits caused e.g. by craniocerebral traumas. The sick persons struggle with num­erous consequences of such traumas which directly translate into, amongst others, the spoken and written communication process. Apsychological, neuropsychological, neuro­logical and psychiatric diagnosis is asource of valuable information about the disease progress and suspension, or the effectiveness of the implemented therapy. The application of modern research views and positions contributes to the development of more effective impacts directing and supporting patients in their endeavour to live in dignity. This publication is addressed primarily to students as ateaching aid during the forensic, criminal or civil procedure courses, but also to practitioners who – for their professional purposes – appoint handwriting experts, and who seek knowledge about handwriting research.
Rare Diagnosis of a Proliferating Pilar Tumor in a Facial Hairline Cryst
Authors: Imran Farrah-Hani , Imami Nabilah Hasna , Poh Yuen Wen Adzim
Published: March 2022

Highlight:Sebaceous cyst or epidermoid cyst is a benign capsulated tumour on the scalp region, face, neck, and trunk that subepidermal nodule filled with keratin.Proliferating Pilar Tumours (PPT) are rare tumours was found in hair follicle.Sebaceous cyst diagnose on facial hairline tumour turned out to be a rare Proliferating Pilar Tumour (PPT). Abstract:Sebaceous cyst, also known as an epidermoid cyst, is a subepidermal nodule filled with keratin and it is a benign capsulated tumor. It is often located on the scalp region, face, neck, and trunk; but can be found elsewhere such as the scrotum, genitalia, fingers, and buccal mucosa. Proliferating  Pilar Tumors (PPT) are rare tumors. It is derived from the external root sheath of the hair follicle. These tumors are like irregular subcutaneous nodules and often appear on the scalp. This case report was about a 59 years old woman who came to the hospital following excision of a frontal lump elsewhere, with a sebaceous cyst as the initial diagnosis. From the histopathologic examination, grossly there was a whitish and greyish lump with a soft outer surface. Microscopically, there were malignancy signs with areas with keratinization. The tumor formed a solid pattern of enlarged cells with moderate to marked nuclear pleomorphism with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant pale eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm. There was also much free keratinous debris noted and numerous foci of calcification identified within the tumor. Mitotic figures with abnormal forms were frequently seen. The final diagnosis after the histopathological examination was Proliferating Pilar Tumour with focal malignancies. In conclusion, facial hairline tumor differentially diagnosed as a sebaceous cyst turned out to be a rare Proliferating Pilar Tumor (PPT). Following histopathological confirmation, the patient was referred for further management by a specialist team.