bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oppimisanalytiikka ja eettiset kysymykset: Laadullinen meta-analyysi
Authors: Silvola Anni , Gerdimiene Egle , Pursiainen Jouni , Rusanen Jarmo , Muukkonen Hanni
Published: June 2022

Oppimisanalytiikan eettiset kysymykset ovat herättäneet laajaa kiinnostusta viimeaikaisessa tutkimuksessa. On tunnistettu, että eettiset kysymykset sisältävät ristiriitaisuuksia, eivätkä nykyiset ohjeistukset tarjoa riittävästi tukea eettisten kysymysten ratkomiseen eri konteksteissa. Tämä artikkeli jäsentää oppimisanalytiikan eettisiä kysymyksiä ja niiden ratkaisuehdotuksia tarkastelemalla, 1) millaisten viitekehysten avulla eettisiä kysymyksiä on jäsennetty aiemmissa tutkimuksissa sekä 2) millaisia eettisiä haasteita ja niiden ratkaisuehdotuksia on tunnistettu oppimisanalytiikan eri toimijatasoilla. Tulosten perusteella lainsäädännön näkökulmien hyödyntäminen viitekehyksenä on ollut jäsentynyttä ja toimijatasoilla eettisiä haasteita on tarkasteltu eniten instituutioiden näkökulmasta. Oppimisanalytiikan taustalla vaikuttavien arvojen ja epistemologisten käsitysten tekeminen näkyviksi sekä oppimisen tutkimuksen linkittäminen eettisten kysymysten tarkasteluun nousivat tärkeiksi kehittämiskohteiksi. Lisäksi opiskelija- ja henkilökuntatason näkökulmientarkastelu tarkentaa eettisten kysymysten tarkastelua ja tuo uusia näkökulmia niiden ratkaisemiseen eri käyttökonteksteissa.
Ilmiölähtöisen oppimiskokonaisuuden suunnittelutaito opettajaopiskelijan geneeriseksi ammattitaidoksi ILO-suunnittelumallin avulla
Authors: Lähdesmäki Sirkku
Published: June 2022

Lectio praecursoria kasvatustieteen väitöskirjaan Ilmiölähtöisen oppimiskokonaisuuden suunnitteluun ohjaavan mallin kehittäminen ILO-suunnitteluprosessin malliksi opettajaopiskelijoiden opetusharjoittelussa, Jyväskylän yliopistossa 19.3.2021.
KORELASI PARAMETER PERTUMBUHAN DENGAN HASIL VARIETAS JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) PADA TANAH BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA
Authors: Syafitri Rahma Deni
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) application towards the growth of several maize varieties grown in coal mining trace soil. This research was conducted using factorial of complete randomized design with 2 treatment. The first factor with 6 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal treatments. The second factor with 4 corn varieties. Data was analyzed statistically with the F-test at the 5% significance level, significant differences were further tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test also at 5% level. The dose 25 grams of FMA is the best dose for growth of all varieties tested. The results of the correlation analysis indicate that the increase or decrease in the percentage of roots infected by FMA during the vegetative period will greatly affect the percentage of roots infected by FMA during harvesting. Kernel weight per cob has a fairly strong correlation with lenght of the cob and the diameter of the cob.Keywords : The Dose, Corn Varieties, Abuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Soil From Coal Mine Tailings.
Forensic palynology: computer vision and geotechnologies to support criminalistics expertise
Authors: Gonçalves Ariadne Barbosa , Albuquerque Pedro Lucas França , Alves Rodolfo de França , Astolfi Gilberto , Borges Felipe Silveira Brito , Carmona Milena dos Santos , Cereda Marney Pascoli , Chaves Sergio Augusto de Miranda , Ferreira Alessandro dos Santos , Godoi Raquel de Faria , Menezes Geazy Vilharva , Oliveira Wedney Rodolpho de , Paranhos Filho Antonio Conceição , Pott Arnildo , Reinhard Karl Jan , Santos Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos , Su Hongbo , Pistori Hemerson
Published: June 2022

Pollen grains can provide valuable information to forensic palynology, such as the time of death or the possible origin of a corpse. Forensic Palynology is a vital tool to be used in a criminal investigation because the different environment has distinct pollen signatures. Brazil has a rich and diversified flora that is suitable for the application of forensic palynology. The purpose of this research is to introduce palynology automation as a tool to improve the investigative method in forensic palynology and apply it to forensic palynology automation. The studied city has different vegetation types, in which we performed assessments to identify its correspondent pollen types. PALINOVIC algorithm was developed using computer vision and geotechnology techniques. Our results show that it is possible to correlate pollen grains found in forensic samples by automatic pollen identification and with a mapping of the likely vegetation. Our results show that it is possible to relate the presence of pollen grains found in forensic samples through the automatic identification of images together with a database of georeferenced plant species. It was possible to analyze the pollen grains collected in eight bodies, where the algorithm presented a performance of 90.51% in the pollen grain classification tests. Furthermore, pollen grains could be correlated with the type of vegetation where the body was found. Thus, the technique developed can be applied in other urban centers from a previous georeferencing of plants, as well as a pollen database.
Preparação e caracterização de microesferas de quitosana e quitosana/gelatina carregadas com os minerais cromo e magnésio
Authors: Barroso Maria Helena de Sousa , Flores Camila Castelli , Pereira Michelle Lemes
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho consistiu na preparação e caracterização de microesferas de quitosana (MQUI), quitosana/gelatina (MQUI/GEL), quitosana e quitosana/gelatina carregadas com cromo (MQUI-Cr e MQUI/GEL-Cr) e com magnésio (MQUI-Mg e MQUI-GEL-Mg). As microesferas foram preparadas pelo método de emulsão reticulada utilizando o glutaraldeído como agente de reticulação. O grau de desacetilação (GD) da quitosana determinado por titulação potenciométrica foi 78,7%. O espectro da quitosana na região do infravermelho mostrou bandas características para este tipo de material. As imagens obtidas por uma câmera digital acoplada a um microscópio óptico mostraram que as microesferas de MQUI e MQUI-Mg apresentaram formas esféricas de tamanhos regulares e provavelmente com diâmetros em escala micrométrica. A adição de 20% de gelatina à quitosana, promove à formação de algumas microesferas para MQUI/GEL e MQUI/GEL-Mg, mas o material passa apresentar características esponjosa e com aspecto de fibras que parecem insolúveis. Já o material de MQUI-Cr e MQUI/GEL-Cr não foi possível identificar a presença de microesferas, se mostrando com aspectos de materiais amorfos, pressupondo que além da gelatina, o cromo adicionado na forma de sulfato pode ter influenciado nas características deste material. As imagens obtidas por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura confirmaram os resultados obtidos por Microscopia Óptica, ou seja, a presença da gelatina fez com que aparecesse um material fibroso e algumas microesferas incrustradas no meio deste ou apresentaram materiais com características amorfas.
Os desafios da inclusão escolar de alunos com TDAH: perspectivas a partir de um estudo multicasos
Authors: Guimaraes Junior José Carlos , Santos Hebison Almeida dos , Braga Francisco Carneiro , Marques Janaína Arruda , Triches Jean Carlos , Silva Maycon Pereira
Published: June 2022

O estudo aborda sobre a questão dos alunos com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). Esta é uma temática que tem chamado a atenção de pesquisadores e educadores no contexto da educação inclusiva. Entende-se que no Brasil há um paradoxo entre o que as leis apregoam e o que é de fato realizado na prática. Escolas despreparadas, docentes com formação deficitária e barreiras culturais se mostram como óbices a serem suplantados numa perspectiva inclusiva de educação. O estudo teve como objetivo abordar sobre os desafios da inclusão escolar de alunos com TDAH. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, qualitativo, exploratório e explicativo. Também integra o arcabouço metodológico do estudo a realização de um estudo multicasos, os quais foram selecionados na base de dados Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações. O estudo demonstrou como resultados: a) a existência de um aplicativo para auxiliar jovens e adultos com TDAH na realização de suas tarefas diárias; b) um estudo que demonstrou que o uso do metilfenidato possui relação com o desempenho dos estudantes que fazem uso deste medicamento,e; c) a utilização da árvore de decisão para queixa de falta de atenção e hiperatividade na educação infantil. O estudo conclui que a temática do TDAH na educação precisa ser mais aprofundada no que tange ao seu debate e sugestiona a participação familiar como uma forma de tornar mais profícua a inclusão escolar de alunos que se encontram nesta condição e que assim como os alunos não especiais precisam progredir em seus estudos. O desafio de uma educação com viés inclusivo é o da garantia de acesso e permanência dos estudantes especiais no sistema educacional com vistas ao alcance de sua formação para a vida e para o exercício da cidadania.
To study the effect on Haemopoiesis of Rattus norvegicus under the stress of some
pesticides
Authors: Tewari Arun Kumar , Pandey Dharni Dhar
Published: June 2022

The present study includes toxicological effect on haemopoiesis of male Rattus norvegicus due to different pesticides as investigated. The experiment has been evaluated in male Rattus norvegicus using various parameters like TLC , DLC and erythropoiesis. This is the comparative study to investigate the haemopoiesis of normal and understressed condition to three groups of pesticides (organochlorne-endosulfan, carbamate-carbaryl and Organophosphorous-malathion). The study has drawn few possible correlations and conclusions to understand the effects of above pesticides with relation to their developmental days in laboratory rats. The present study includes the percentage changes in blood cells with relation to days (age) under the stressfull effect of above three categories of hazardous Chemicals.
Assessment of biodiversity of shahpura hill forest, District Bhopal (MP) India
Authors: Mukesh Dixit , Sankat Deepti , Lad Bakul
Published: June 2022

The present study for the assessment of biodiversity status of Shahpura hill forest, Bhopal was carried out covering an area of 50 hectare land of city forest. With this context, field investigations were conducted at different intervals during the winter period and sampling was carried out based on the grid map of the area. With the identification of available flora and fauna detailed taxonomic inventory was prepared. Observations and results of phytodiversity assessment work revealed the floristic inventory of 201plant species belonging to 166 genera and 56 families. Faunal studies based on the field investigation recorded a total of 80 species belonging to 40 species of Vertebrates and Invertebrates each. Vertebrata, found under the categorization of five major groups : viz. mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians and fishes. Most of the species observed belonged to avifauna as this group constituted about 73% of the total population. Total 40 species of non- chordate / Invertebrate were recorded, represented by Arthropods, which consisted of insect and butterflies contributing significantly 85% of the total observed arthopods, also the representation of Annelids, Molluscuns and Protozoons were recorded. The present work will help in use of green spaces in city planning considering the sustainable development, conservation of biodiversity within the urban area as city forest and will be useful also for education of nature.
Economic Analysis of Rice Crop under Three Categories of Farm Holders at the Time of
Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tinde Lokesh Kumar , Porte Devendra Singh , Parmar Kshitij , Barle Rajni , Singh P.R. , Kumar Dilip , Kaushik Jyoti
Published: June 2022

he study was relatively undertaken at the time of Covid-19 pandemic in Bilaspur District of Chhattisgarh state, India, to know the overall economic structure of gross expenditure, profitability structure, production cost concept, net returnes, benefitcost ratio (BCR) of rice crop under three categories of farm holders. Purposive as well as multistate random sampling methods were adopted for the research study. A total of 30 farmers were selected from the categorized three group’s viz. small, medium, and large farmers. With the help of a prepared pre-tested interview schedule, a survey method was applied for primary data collection. The actual gross and net return of rice grower was needed to know at the situation of the covid-19 pandemic. So that could reach on real cost and net returns structure and explain it under three different farms size holders, therefore worked on this vital subject of the overall economic profile. This research revealed that Cost C2, C3, production cost (Rs. /quintal) at C3, net profit at C3, and (BCR) benefit-cost ratio at C3 in one acre of small rice grower was Rs. 27662, Rs. 30,428.2, Rs. 1521.41, Rs. 19571 and 1:1.64 respectively. Thus, cost C2, C3, cost of production (Rs. /quintal) at C3, net profit at C3, and the benefit-cost ratio at C3 in one acre of medium rice grower was Rs. 31576.08, Rs. 34,733.68, Rs. 1447.23, Rs. 25266.32 and 1:1.72 respectively. Similarly, cost C2, C3, cost of production (Rs. /quintal) at C3, net profit at C3, and the benefitcost ratio at C3 in one acre of large rice grower was Rs. 32908.08, Rs. 36,198.8, Rs. 1447.95, Rs. 26301.12 and 1:1.72 respectively. After jointly calculating the categories of data based on farms size, it revealed that the average total expenditure, Cost 2, C3, production cost (Rs./q) at C3, net profit at C3, and BCR at C3 were Rs. 30715.38, Rs. 30715.39, Rs. 33786.92, Rs. 1472.19, Rs. 23712.81, and 1:1.69 respectively. According to findings medium and large farmers do higher production of rice crop in one acre comparison of the small farmer. Labor cost is more in the rice farming in the study area, need to them the economical planning that could help ineffective use of input and get maximum profit through better farming.
Effect of Organic Manures and Bio-fertilizers on Vegetative and Yield Parameters of
Brinjal (Solanum melongena) cv. Pant Rituraj
Authors: Ujjwal Vivak , Dev Pavitra , Kumar Sunil , Malik Arvind , Kumar Ravi
Published: June 2022

field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on vegetative and yield parameters of brinjal (Solanum melongena) cv. Pant Rituraj at Crop Cafeteria, Galgotias University, Grater Noida. The experimental field was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments comprised of three organic manures viz. Farmyard Manure, Vermicompost and poultry manure in combination with two bio-fertilizers, namely Azospirillumand Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB). All variable parameters regarding vegetative and yield were significantly influenced by different combinations of organic manures and bio-fertilizers. Result indicated that a combined application of organic manure and bio-fertilizers i.e.Vermicompost (50%) + Poultry manure (50%) + Azospirillumgave the significantly better response in respect to vegetative parameters and yield parameters and maximum plant height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight and yield were recorded under the same treatment.
Flora of Bougainvillea varieties under the ‘DUS’ model for Morphological Characterization
Authors: Ahirwar Gaurav Kumar , Kumar Mukesh , Malik Sunil
Published: June 2022

The family Nyctaginaceae which includes the plant Bougainvillea, exhibits the morphological status and significant uniformity of the floral plan. Nonetheless, there is untamed diversity in every area of the Bougainvillea plant in almost every aspect of the floral and morphological diversity that lends to comparative study in terms of ‘flora diversity’ which includes organ, shape, size, colour and symmetrical organisation. Floral and morphological studies have been extended to a much wider range. Studies on further level ‘DUS’ model of Characterization should provide insights, which alone for various reason cannot be derived by depending upon the single model for morphological Characterization.
Age-associated weight gain as potential risk of hyperglycemic indications in randomised
middle-aged and geriatric population of Darbhanga, Bihar, India
Authors: Zafar Shazia , Singh Bhaweshwar
Published: June 2022

The present study was undertaken with a view to investigate suitability of age-associated weight gain as potential risk of hyperglycemic indications in randomised middle-aged and geriatric population of Darbhanga, Bihar. Quantitative estimations of Fasting and 2 hours Post-Prandial Blood Glucose concentrations in both the sexes of urbanite human subjects (n=460)residing in Darbhanga, a commissionary town of Bihar, India and consented for required clinical tests were carried out. The study population was categorised into two age intervals of 45-59 and 60-75 years and two BMI-linked obesity groups comprised of Normal Weight and Overweight/Obese individuals. Results showed a trend of marked elevation in observed mean values of chosen blood parameters in subjects from Over weight/ Obese groups as compared to those from Normal Weight groups in both the age intervals and appeared suggestive of occurrence of hyperglycemic alterations with accompanying glucose intolerance. Findings seemingly affirm age-associated weight gain as potential risk of hyperglycemic perturbations in randomised middle-aged and geriatric population of urban Darbhanga.
Biomechanical Analysis of First Serve Tennis
Authors: Doewes Rumi Iqbal , Nuryadin Islahuzzaman
Published: June 2022

Serve tennis is the most important stroke in the game of tennis to determine the outcome of the match, which is done by means of the ball crossing the net into the opponent's service box diagonally with the desired speed and landing location. This study aims to explain the biomechanical analysis of first serve tennis which produces maximum ball speed. The research method is in the form of quantitative biomechanics with an inferential analysis approach in the form of correlation analysis. Twelve students of the Department of Sports Coaching, Faculty of Sport, made a first serve at the service box, the movements were recorded using a Canon EOS 1100D DSLR camera. The variables analyzed were flexion angle, extension angle, tilt angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, time, momentum, force, impulse, power, and effort. Pearson Correlation is used to show how big the correlation between ball speed and the studied biomechanics variables. The results showed that there was a large, very large, and perfect correlation on the variables of momentum (r = 1,000), force (r = .663), impulse (r = 1,000), power (r = .844), effort (r = . 982), while the other variables show very small, small, and moderate correlations. So it can be concluded that first serve tennis can be seen as a coordinated and complex movement, involving the development and transfer of momentum, force, impulse, power, and effort to achieve maximum ball speed. This study implies that in doing first serve tennis, it is necessary to pay attention to momentum, force, impulse, power, and effort to produce maximum ball speed.
The Effect of Uchikomi Seoi-Nage Exercise Using Kettler Rubber for 8 Weeks on Performance Physical Ability Judoka
Authors: Kurniawan Candra , Sugiharto Sugiharto , Surisman Surisman
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effect of uchikomi movement exercise using kettler rubber to improve male judoka's physical abilities. This study uses an experimental method. A total of 22 male judoka participated as study samples and were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (21.8±1.78 years, 1.70±0.06 m, 71.1±13.5 kg) and control group (21.4±2.30 years, 1.72±0.05 m, 67.4±7.76 kg). The exercise program was carried out for 8 weeks with a frequency of 3 times/week. After warming up and before core judo training, the experimental group was treated with uchikomi movement training using kettler rubber. Meanwhile, the control group continued regular judo training. The statistical analysis procedure used an ANOVA test to determine the difference and comparison of pre-test and post-test mean values in experimental and control groups with a significance level (p<0.05). The results showed that parameter difference in the average value of experimental and control groups was significant on the performance of leg power and VO2Max endurance. In comparison, no significant differences occur in handgrip strength, flexibility, and speed. This study concludes that uchikomi seoi-nage movement exercise using a Kettler rubber produces changes in the performance of judoka physical abilities. However, a significant difference occurred in the performance of leg power and VO2Max endurance
Dr. Gilberto Henostroza Haro (1948 - 2022)
Authors: Zubiate-Meza Javier
Published: June 2022

Difícil tarea la de escribir el In Memoriam de un hermano que ha partido a la eternidad, y es que Gilberto Henostroza Haro es de aquellos seres que no mueren porque se perennizan en su obra.
Lgr4 Regulates Oviductal Epithelial Secretion Through the WNT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tan Xue , Zhang Lingling , Li Tianqi , Zhan Jianmin , Qiao Kun , Wu Haili , Sun Shenfei , Huang Meina , Zhang Fangxi , Zhang Meixing , Li Changwei , Li Runsheng , Pan Hongjie
Published: June 2022

The WNT signaling pathway plays a crucial role in oviduct/fallopian development. However, the specific physiological processes regulated by the WNT pathway in the fallopian/oviduct function remain obscure. Benefiting from theLgr4knockout mouse model, we report the regulation of oviduct epithelial secretion by LGR4. Specifically, the loss ofLgr4altered the mouse oviduct size and weight, severely reduced the number of oviductal epithelial cells, and ultimately impaired the epithelial secretion. These alterations were mediated by a failure of CTNNB1 protein accumulation in the oviductal epithelial cytoplasm, by the modulation of WNT pathways, and subsequently by a profound change of the gene expression profile of epithelial cells. In addition, selective activation of the WNT pathway triggered the expression of steroidogenic genes, likeCyp11a1and3β-Hsd1, through the activation of the transcriptional factor NR5A2 in an oviduct primary cell culture system. As demonstrated, the LGR4 protein modulates a WNT-NR5A2 signaling cascade facilitating epithelial secretory cell maturation and steroidogenesis to safeguard oviduct development and function in mice.
Characterization of Immune-Related Long Non-coding RNAs to Construct a Novel Signature and Predict the Prognosis and Immune Landscape of Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Lin Zhengjun , Pang Ke , Li Hongli , Zhang Xianghong , Wan Jia , Zheng Tao , Liu Tang , Peng Weijun
Published: June 2022

Background: Increasing evidence has demonstrated that immune-related long non-coding RNAs (irlncRNAs) are critically involved in tumor initiation and progression and associated with the prognosis of various cancers. However, their role in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) remains significantly uninvestigated.

Materials and Methods: Gene expression profiles were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) for the identification of irlncRNAs. Univariate analysis and modified least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression analysis were employed to determine differently expressed irlncRNA (DEirlncRNA) pairs of prognostic value, and subsequently, a risk signature based on DEirlncRNA pairs was established. Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier analysis and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to assess survival differences and the predictive accuracy of the risk signature, respectively. Lastly, the correlation of irlncRNAs with immune characteristics and chemosensitivity in patients with STS were further investigated.

Results: A total of 1088 irlncRNAs were identified, and 311 irlncRNAs were distinguished as DEirlncRNAs. A total of 130 DEirlncRNA pairs were further identified as prognostic markers, and 14 pairs were selected for establishing a risk signature. The irlncRNA-based risk signature functioned as an independent prognostic marker for STS. Compared with the patients in the high-risk group, those in the low-risk group exhibited a better prognosis and were more sensitive to several chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, the irlncRNA-based risk signature was significantly associated with immune scores, infiltrating immune cells, and the expression of several immune checkpoints.

Conclusion: In conclusion, our data revealed that the irlncRNA-based risk signature resulted in reliable prognosis, effectively predicted the immune landscape of patients with STS and was significantly correlated with chemosensitivity, thus providing insights into the potential role of irlncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for STS.
Discovery of Small Molecule KCC2 Potentiators Which Attenuate In Vitro Seizure-Like Activity in Cultured Neurons
Authors: Prael III Francis J. , Kim Kwangho , Du Yu , Spitznagel Brittany D. , Sulikowski Gary A. , Delpire Eric , Weaver C. David
Published: June 2022

KCC2 is a K+-Cl− cotransporter that is expressed in neurons throughout the central nervous system. Deficits in KCC2 activity have been implicated in a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, chronic pain, autism spectrum disorders, and Rett syndrome. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that pharmacological potentiation of KCC2 activity could provide a treatment for these disorders. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of pharmacological KCC2 potentiation, drug-like, selective KCC2 potentiators are required. Unfortunately, the lack of such tools has greatly hampered the investigation of the KCC2 potentiation hypothesis. Herein, we describe the discovery and characterization of a new class of small-molecule KCC2 potentiator. This newly discovered class exhibits KCC2-dependent activity and a unique mechanistic profile relative to previously reported small molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that KCC2 potentiation by this new class of KCC2 potentiator attenuates seizure-like activity in neuronal-glial co-cultures. Together, our results provide evidence that pharmacological KCC2 potentiation, by itself, is sufficient to attenuate neuronal excitability in an in vitro model that is sensitive to anti-epileptic drugs. Our findings and chemical tools are important for evaluating the promise of KCC2 as a therapeutic target and could lay a foundation for the development of KCC2-directed therapeutics for multiple neurological disorders.
Stability and Thermoelasticity of Diaspore by Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Shijie , Xu Jingui , Liu Daorong , Li Bo , Ye Zhilin , Chen Wei , Kuang Yunqian , Chi Fangli , Fan Dawei , Ma Maining , Zhou Wenge
Published: June 2022

The thermoelasticity and stability of diaspore (α-AlOOH, Al1.002Fe0.003OOH) were investigated in this study by in situ synchronous X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy methods at high pressure and high temperature conditions. The results indicate that diaspore is stable within the pressure and temperature (P-T) region examined in this study. With increasing pressure, the Raman peaks move toward the high wave number direction, the intensity of the Raman peaks increases, and the vibration mode of diaspore changes linearly. Pressure-volume data from in situ high-pressure XRD experiments were fitted by the third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (EoS) with the zero-pressure unit-cell volume V0 = 118.15 (4) Å3, the zero-pressure bulk modulus KV0 = 153 (2) GPa, and its pressure derivative K'V0 = 2.4 (3). When K'V0 was fixed at 4, the obtained KV0 = 143 (1) GPa. The axial compressional behavior of diaspore was also fitted with a linearized third-order Birch-Murnaghan EoS, showing slight compression anisotropy with Ka0 = 137 (5) GPa, Kb0 = 169 (7) GPa and Kc0 = 178 (6) GPa. In addition, the temperature-volume data from in situ high-temperature XRD experiments were fitted by Fei’s thermal equation with the thermal expansion coefficients αV = 2.7 (2) × 10–5 K−1, αa = 1.13 (9) × 10–5 K−1, αb = 0.77 (5) × 10–5 K−1, and αc = 0.85 (9) × 10–5 K−1 for diaspore, which shows that diaspore exhibits slightly anisotropic thermal expansion. Furthermore, in situ synchrotron-based single-crystal XRD under simultaneously high P-T conditions indicates that the P-T stability of diaspore is up to ∼10.9 GPa and 700 K. Combined with previous results, we infer that diaspore can be subducted to ∼390 km under cold subduction conditions based on existing experimental data and is a good candidate for transporting water to the deep Earth.
Examining Academic Self-Efficacy and Perceived Social Support as Predictors for Coping With Stress in Peruvian University Students
Authors: Alfaro Vasquez Rosa , Carranza Esteban Renzo Felipe , Mamani-Benito Oscar , Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás
Published: June 2022

This study determines if academic self-efficacy and perceived social support are predictors for coping with stress in Peruvian university students. A cross-sectional research study of the predictive design was employed. The study participants included 455 Peruvian university students. The global academic self-efficacy questionnaire, perceived social support survey, and academic stress coping scale were employed for the analysis. Further, the collected data were analyzed using correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression models. The study results revealed a statistically significant relationship between coping with stress, academic self-efficacy, and perceived social support. Linear regression analyses reported a satisfactory fit for the model (F-test = 76.938, p < 0.001) wherein academic self-efficacy (β = 0.292, p < 0.05) and perceived social support (β = 0.360, p < 0.01) are variables that significantly predict stress-coping means used by the study participants (adjusted R2 = 0.25). Hence, it is evident that academic self-efficacy and perceived social support are predictors for coping with stress in Peruvian university students.
Optimal Hormone Replacement Therapy in Hypothyroidism - A Model Predictive Control Approach
Authors: Wolff Tobias M. , Dietrich Johannes W. , Müller Matthias A.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we address the problem of optimal thyroid hormone replacement strategy development for hypothyroid patients. This is challenging for the following reasons. First, it is difficult to determine the correct dosage leading to normalized serum thyroid hormone concentrations of a patient. Second, it remains unclear whether a levothyroxine L-T4) monotherapy or a liothyronine/levothyroxine (L-T3/L-T4) combined therapy is more suitable to treat hypothyroidism. Third, the optimal intake frequency of L-T3/L-T4 is unclear. We address these issues by extending a mathematical model of the pituitary-thyroid feedback loop to be able to consider an oral intake of L-T3/L-T4. A model predictive controller (MPC) is employed to determine optimal dosages with respect to the thyroid hormone concentrations for each type of therapy. The results indicate that the L-T3/L-T4 combined therapy is slightly better (in terms of the achieved hormone concentrations) to treat hypothyroidism than the L-T4 monotherapy. In case of a specific genetic variant, namely genotype CC in polymorphism rs2235544 of gene DIO1, the simulation results suggest that the L-T4 monotherapy is better to treat hypothyroidism. In turn, when genotype AA is considered, the L-T3/L-T4 combined therapy is better to treat hypothyroidism. Furthermore, when genotype CC of polymorphism rs225014 (also referred to as c.274A>G or p.Thr92Ala) in the DIO2 gene is considered, the outcome of the L-T3/L-T4 combined therapy is better in terms of the steady-state hormone concentrations (for a triiodothyronine setpoint at the upper limit of the reference range of healthy individuals). Finally, the results suggest that two daily intakes of L-T3 could be the best trade-off between stable hormone concentrations and inconveniences for the patient.
Effect of Grazing Treatments on Phenotypic and Reproductive Plasticity of Kobresia humilis in Alpine Meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Lin , Jing Yuanyuan , Xu Changlin , Yu Xiaojun
Published: June 2022

Plant phenotypic and reproductive plasticity is strongly influenced by long-term grazing activities. It is important to understand the life history of dominant plant species, such as Kobresia humilis of alpine meadow, for the stability and sustainable grazing administration meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). We compared the effects of different grazing treatments (grazing yak, Y; grazing Tibetan sheep, S; and grazing Tibetan sheep and yak, S+Y) on the reproductive and phenotypic plasticity of K. humilis in an alpine meadows on the northeastern margin of the Qilian Mountains in China. The results showed that different grazing treatments had significantly effects on the K. humilis phenotype and reproductive plasticity. The Y treatment significantly reduced the plant height, crown width and K. humilis biomass, but increased the density, which was 1.27 and 1.53 times higher than that in the S+Y and S treatments, respectively. Further, the S+Y treatment significantly increased the crown width, biomass, and future life expectancy of K. humilis. Whereas the S treatment increased the height of K. humilis significantly, which was 1.57 and 1.10 times higher than that in the Y and S+Y treatments, respectively. Both Y and S treatments significantly increased the sexual reproduction efficacy of K. humilis but reduced the storage efficacy. The storage efficacy at S+Y treatment was highest among these treatments. Further, grazing treatments did not change the resource allocation strategy of K. humilis, while the sexual reproductive efficacy was significantly higher than the vegetative reproduction efficacy. The storage efficacy was significantly higher than the growth efficacy among the different grazing treatments. The increase of Cyperaceae indicates the degradation of Cyperaceae—Poaceae meadows. This study showed that grazing Tibetan sheep is a more sustainable grazing method in cold season pastures of alpine meadows on the QTP.
Comprehensive Analysis of VCAN Expression Profiles and Prognostic Values in HCC
Authors: Sun Guangshun , Zheng Wubin , Tan Pengyu , Zhou Jin , Tang Weiwei , Cao Hongyong , Liu Li , Shi Xuesong , Li Zhouxiao , Zhang Wenling
Published: June 2022

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the world’s most common cause of cancer death. Therefore, more molecular mechanisms need to be clarified to meet the urgent need to develop new detection and treatment strategies.

Methods: We used TCGAportal, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, the Cistrome DB Toolkit Database, MExpress, GEPIA2, and other databases to discuss the expression profiles, possible biological function, and potential prognostic value of versican (VCAN) in HCC. We conducted cell experiments such as Transwell migration and invasion assays, wound healing assay, and CCK8 experiment to explore the function of VCAN in HCC.

Result: We selected three HCC transcriptome databases GSE124535, GSE136247, and GSE144269 and analyzed the overexpressed genes contained in them. The overlapping genes were found by the Venn map, and two interacting network modules were found by Mcode. Module 1 was mainly related to mitosis and cell cycle, and module 2 was mainly related to EMT, angiogenesis, glycolysis, and so on. We found that the seed gene in module 2 is VCAN. Data from TCGAportal showed that compared with normal tissues, the expression of VCAN was up-regulated in HCC tissues. The patients with high expression of VCAN had shorter distant recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Multiple possible VCAN interactions had also been identified. These results revealed that the level of VCAN was higher in the subtypes of HCC with higher malignant degree and was connected to the poor prognosis. In addition, the treatment of VCAN with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and transcription factor inhibitors may improve the prognosis of patients with HCC.

Conclusion: Our findings systematically elucidated the expression profile and different prognostic values of VCAN in HCC, which may provide new therapeutic targets and potential prognostic biomarkers for HCC patients.
Prognosis and Tumour Immune Microenvironment of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma by a Novel Pyroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature
Authors: Zhang Ze , Shang Jin , Hu Bingyang , Shi Huizhong , Cao Yinbiao , Li Junfeng , Jiao Tianyu , Zhang Wenwen , Lu Shichun
Published: June 2022

Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype of liver cancer. However, the survival rate of patients with HCC continues to be poor. The recent literature has revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the occurrence of pyroptosis can perform a substantial task in predicting the prognosis of the respective condition along with the response to immunotherapy among HCC patients. Thus, screening and identifying lncRNAs corelated with pyroptosis in HCC patients are critical. In the current study, pyroptosis-related lncRNAs (PR-lncRNAs) have been obtained by co-expression analysis. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and univariate and multivariate Cox regression assessments have been performed to develop a PR-lncRNA prognostic model. The risk model was analysed using Kaplan–Meier analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), functional enrichment annotation, and a nomogram. The risk model composed of five PR-lncRNAs was identified as an independent prognostic factor. The tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) was assessed using model groupings. Finally, we validated the five PR-lncRNAs in vitro using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Dissecting the Single-Cell Transcriptome Network of Immune Environment Underlying Cervical Premalignant Lesion, Cervical Cancer and Metastatic Lymph Nodes
Authors: Li Chunbo , Hua Keqin
Published: June 2022

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancy in women worldwide. It is characterized by a natural continuous phenomenon, that is, it is in the initial stage of HPV infection, progresses to intraepithelial neoplasia, and then develops into invasion and metastasis. Determining the complexity of tumor microenvironment (TME) can deepen our understanding of lesion progression and provide novel therapeutic strategies for CC. We performed the single-cell RNA sequencing on the normal cervix, intraepithelial neoplasia, primary tumor and metastatic lymph node tissues to describe the composition, lineage, and functional status of immune cells and mesenchymal cells at different stages of CC progression. A total of 59913 single cells were obtained and divided into 9 cellular clusters, including immune cells (T/NK cells, macrophages, B cells, plasma cells, mast cells and neutrophils) and mesenchymal cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts). Our results showed that there were distinct cell subpopulations in different stages of CC. High-stage intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL) tissue exhibited a low, recently activated TME, and it was characterized by high infiltration of tissue-resident CD8 T cell, effector NK cells, Treg, DC1, pDC, and M1-like macrophages. Tumor tissue displayed high enrichment of exhausted CD8 T cells, resident NK cells and M2-like macrophages, suggesting immunosuppressive TME. Metastatic lymph node consisted of naive T cell, central memory T cell, circling NK cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and effector memory CD8 T cells, suggesting an early activated phase of immune response. This study is the first to delineate the transcriptome profile of immune cells during CC progression using single-cell RNA sequencing. Our results indicated that HSIL exhibited a low, recently activated TME, tumor displayed immunosuppressive statue, and metastatic lymph node showed early activated phase of immune response. Our study enhanced the understanding of dynamic change of TME during CC progression and has implications for the development of novel treatments to inhibit the initiation and progression of CC.
Emergence of the CD226 Axis in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Conner Michael , Hance Ken W. , Yadavilli Sapna , Smothers James , Waight Jeremy D.
Published: June 2022

In recent years, a set of immune receptors that interact with members of the nectin/nectin-like (necl) family has garnered significant attention as possible points of manipulation in cancer. Central to this axis, CD226, TIGIT, and CD96 represent ligand (CD155)-competitive co-stimulatory/inhibitory receptors, analogous to the CTLA-4/B7/CD28 tripartite. The identification of PVRIG (CD112R) and CD112 has introduced complexity and enabled additional nodes of therapeutic intervention. By virtue of the clinical progression of TIGIT antagonists and emergence of novel CD96- and PVRIG-based approaches, our overall understanding of the ‘CD226 axis’ in cancer immunotherapy is starting to take shape. However, several questions remain regarding the unique characteristics of, and mechanistic interplay between, each receptor-ligand pair. This review provides an overview of the CD226 axis in the context of cancer, with a focus on the status of immunotherapeutic strategies (TIGIT, CD96, and PVRIG) and their underlying biology (i.e.,cis/transinteractions). We also integrate our emerging knowledge of the immune populations involved, key considerations for Fc gamma (γ) receptor biology in therapeutic activity, and a snapshot of the rapidly evolving clinical landscape.
Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Juvenile Dermatomyositis: A Scoping Review for the Clinical Rheumatologists
Authors: Mondal Sanjib , Barman Prabal , Vignesh Pandiarajan
Published: June 2022

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a common form of inflammatory myositis in children. Vasculopathy and endothelial dysfunction play significant roles in the pathogenesis of JDM. Cardiac involvement in JDM is often underestimated, and it may be a potential indicator of poor prognosis. Cardiac dysfunction in JDM can occur both in the acute and chronic stages of the disease. Amongst the acute complications, acute congestive heart failure (CHF), myocarditis, arrhythmia, and complete heart block are common. However, these remain unrecognized due to a lack of overt clinical manifestations. Increased rates of cardiovascular abnormalities have been noted with anti-SRP and anti-Jo 1 auto-antibody positivity. Long-term follow-up studies in JDM have shown an increased prevalence of hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and metabolic syndrome in adolescence and adulthood. Monitoring of body-mass index, blood pressure, and laboratory evaluation of fasting glucose and lipid profile may help in identifying metabolic syndrome in children with JDM. Steroid-sparing agents, daily exercise, and a healthy diet may reduce such long-term cardiac morbidities. Current use of multimodality imaging such as stress-echocardiography, contrast-enhanced echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography has increased the diagnostic yield of subclinical heart disease during acute and chronic stages of JDM. This review elaborates on different aspects of cardiac dysfunction in JDM. It also emphasizes the importance of cardiac screening in long-term follow-up of children with JDM.
Metabolomic Investigation of Citrus latifolia and the Putative Role of Coumarins in Resistance to Black Spot Disease
Authors: Fernandes Hocelayne Paulino , Salomé-Abarca Luis Francisco , Gonçalves Pereira Rosana , Brandão Seibert Janaína , Silva-Junior Geraldo José , Das Graças Fernandes da Silva Maria Fátima , Choi Young Hae
Published: June 2022

Citrus black spot (CBS) is a disease caused by the fungusPhyllosticta citricarpathat affects citrus plants, causing fruit blemish and premature drop that result in severe economic losses in commercial citrus orchards. However, CBS symptoms and effects may vary depending on the citrus species:Citrus limon(lemon) is susceptible and highly affected by the disease, while no CBS-related damage has ever been observed forCitrus latifolia(Tahiti lime), implying that it must be resistant to the disease. The difference in the response to this disease provided the opportunity to gain insight into the metabolites responsible for the resistance by comparison of the metabolomic profiles of these two citrus species. Metabolic variations ofC. limonandC. latifoliainoculated withP. citricarpawere analyzed using various metabolomic-based platforms including1H NMR for overall metabolic profiling, and LC-MS and HPTLC for targeted analysis. The1H NMR spectra of the samples demonstrated that certain phenolics were strongly induced after pathogenic inoculation, especially in the resistant species. The induced phenolics were identified fromC. latifoliaby further1H NMR, LCMS and HPTLC analysis yielding six prenylated and methoxy coumarins, i.e., 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, 5-geranyloxy-7-methoxycoumarin, 7-geranyloxycoumarin, 8-methoxypsoralen, 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen and 5-geranyloxypsoralen. These isolated coumarins and a coumarin-rich fraction were tested against the fungal pathogen,P. citricarpa, to evaluate their activity. None of the individual coumarins exhibited a significant inhibition, while the coumarin fraction exhibited a strong antifungal activity suggesting a synergistic interaction of its components. To obtain further insight into the roles of these compounds in the plant defense, the possible mechanisms of the individual coumarins were tested using anin-silicomodel, the PASS Online Tool; the analysis showed that each coumarin appeared to have a unique defense mechanism, even with very slight variations in the chemical structures. The results could provide evidence of the existence of a complex plant defense mechanism consisting in a multitude of synergistic interactions between compounds.
Clinical, Radiological and Pathological Characteristics Between Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Multiple Sclerosis: A Review
Authors: Wang Bijia , Li Xuegang , Li Haoyi , Xiao Li , Zhou Zhenhua , Chen Kangning , Gui Li , Hou Xianhua , Fan Rong , Chen Kang , Wu Wenjing , Li Haitao , Hu Xiaofei
Published: June 2022

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are a group of diseases associated with small vessel lesions, the former often resulting from the vascular lesion itself, while the latter originating from demyelinating which can damage the cerebral small veins. Clinically, CSVD and MS do not have specific signs and symptoms, and it is often difficult to distinguish between the two from the aspects of the pathology and imaging. Therefore, failure to correctly identify and diagnose the two diseases will delay early intervention, which in turn will affect the long-term functional activity for patients and even increase their burden of life. This review has summarized recent studies regarding their similarities and difference of the clinical manifestations, pathological features and imaging changes in CSVD and MS, which could provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis and differentiation of the two diseases in the future.