bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness Study of Personal Financial Planning among the Households in Sattur Town, Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Muthulakshmi V. , Jaisun M.
Published: April 2022

“How is that people are motivated to go to a doctor but not motivated to go to a financial counselor, if individuals are ultimately responsible for their own financial health” (Bowditch, 2005). The above quote touches an important aspect of individual financial planning behavior i.e., the lack of motivation to engage in personal financial planning. This observation prompted the researcher’s interest in studying the individual financial behavior as personal financial planning is becoming increasingly important in academic world as well as in practical life. Financial awareness prepares an individual with the ability to understand, monitor, and use the financial resources effectively to enhance the well-being of one’s own self and also the economic security of the family. The understanding of financial needs allows one to know the financial structure and the related financial literacy level. The main objective of the study is to assess the awareness of personal financial planning among households in Sattur town. The questionnaire administered in this study measures the level of awareness about preparing financial planning and knowing the economic and social benefits of the same. The survey examines the respondents’ awareness about personal financial planning. The researcher prepares three questions to measure the level of awareness on respondents’ knowledge, skills and their views on socio economic benefits. To examine the range of awareness among households of Sattur town, three items are chosen viz, awareness on personal financial planning, perception levels, economic and social needs and their response was tabulated. The research concluded that though the study in the area of personal financial planning has recognized that general education significantly increases the investment, income and retirement savings, it may not prepare one with sufficient skill and knowledge for taking investment decisions. Only financial education at early stages of life i.e., at the school or college level, helps in promoting personal financial planning of households.
Study on Human Resource Management Practices on Job Performance: With Special Reference to University Libraries in Sri Lanka
Authors: Shanmugathasan S. , Thirunavukkarasu A.
Published: April 2022

Human resources are the important assets of the organization to achieve its goals and objectives. To achieve overall operations, Human Resource Management Practices have become major role in the working area. The objective of the study is to identify the impact of human resource management practices on employees’ job performance in university libraries. The population of this study is all the Library Information Assistants of the all-state universities in Sri Lanka. Out of seventeen universities, only four state universities in the Northern and Eastern Provinces of Sri Lanka were selected as sample for this study by the adoption of convenient sampling method. The questionnaire was administered to collect the data. The response rate was about 94% of total questionnaires distributed. SPSS was used for the data analysis. It was found that human resource management practices indicate significantly positive relationship between employees’ job performance in the university libraries in Sri Lanka. Each variables obtained this correlation scale such as Recruitment and selection (r = 0.496, p =0.000), Compensation (r=0.683, p=0.000), Training (r=0.690, p=0.000). In the regression analysis, it was revealed that there seems a significant impact between human resource management practices and employees’ job performance. Recruitment and selection (fi=0.267, p=0.022), compensation (fi =0.410, p =0.000), Training (fi=0.683, p = 0.000). There was a strong positive relationship obtained employees’ job performance and training (r = 0.690, p = 0.000) and minimum relationship obtained recruitment and selection (r = 0.496, p= 0.000). It can be concluded that recruitment and selection, compensation, and training impact on employees’ job performance of library information assistants of the university libraries in Sri Lanka. University libraries in Sri Lanka can improve whole universities’ performance, students’ satisfaction, and achieve the targeted performance.
Thaneermukkam Bund as an Ecological Construct: Effects of Water Pollution on Adjacent Residents
Authors: Paul Ani Merly , Kaimal Lekshmi S.
Published: April 2022

Thaneermukkam bund is famous as the largest mud regulator in the country. It is built on the Vembanad Lake, the largest lake in Kerala. It was built as part of the Kuttanad Development Scheme in 1974. The bund divided the lake into two parts and it connects two districts Kottayam and Alappuzha. The project was envisaged with the prevention of saltwater intrusion into the low-lying areas of Kuttanad and also to facilitate double crops of paddy in a year to the farmers of Kuttanad. The bund is proposed to control floods and also to facilitate road transportation as it connects two districts in Kerala. But apart from the proposed benefits, it has leads to some problems for the adjacent residents. The present study is based on the effects of Thaneermukkam bud on adjacent residents. The study is based on quantitative method and descriptive research design was applied. Simple random sampling was used in the study and an interview schedule was used to collect data. The study revealed that the residents on the banks of Thaneermukkam bund were facing many environmental issues like water pollution and water quality deterioration due to the presence of the bund.
The Emerging Trends and Patterns of Non-State Actors Involvement in Crime Prevention and Control in South-West Nigeria: Old Wine in New Bottle
Authors: Ken Amaechi Egbo , Kevin Akpanke Akan , Joseph Sina Owoseni , Fayomi Oluwafemi
Published: April 2022

Globally, the use of formal security apparatus is approved standard of ensuring safety of lives and property in any sane society. The most developed countries of the world has fashioned out effective security control model to guarantee safety of lives and protection of citizens properties. This security measure is one of the many challenges confronting most developing nations including Nigeria.. It is a very serious problem when a country cannot protect the lives and properties of its citizens. It is even a bigger problem when the lives of its citizens mean nothing to the government of the day. The continuous incidence of boko-Haram and herdsmen attack, kidnapping, suicide bombing, violence and abduction is a clear indication that present government have failed its citizen in securing them and their valuable. This study examined the emerging trends and patterns on non state actor involvement in crime prevention and control in South-West Nigeria: An old wine in new bottle. The paper adopted the Karl Mark (1874) theory of exploitation as its theoretical current. The study made used of the survey research design. Sample size of 200 was determined using Yamane sample size technique. The cluster, simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select respondents for the study. The study made use of questionnaire and key informant interviews as instruments for data collection. Simple percentage tables and frequency were employed to present quantitative data. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis technique and ethnographic summaries. The results revealed that the Non state actors involvement in security via Amotekun has drastically reduced crime rate, safeguard lives and property, promote socio-economic development, exposes criminals, promote peace and unity amongst others. The paper recommended that the government must make security a top priority by providing all that is required to guarantee safety of lives and properties of its citizens’. The citizens must support the government and its agencies in all means possible to reduce crime rate in the area. Effective legislation, enforcement and adequate sanction should be advocated for those caught to be perpetrating crime or sabotaging crime prevention and control efforts of the government.
Impact of Plagiarism Checking on Research Scholars with Reference to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Maria Selvi S. P. , Balasubramanian P.
Published: April 2022

This paper surveyed the awareness of plagiarism among the respondents from the higher educational institutions in Tirunelveli District. It discusses the awareness about plagiarism and its experiences in their academic purposes. Among the 410 participants, 132(32.2%) are Ph.D. Scholars, including 96(23.41%), are ‘Male’, and 36(8.78%) are ‘Female’. And 59(14.39%) LIS Professionals, which includes 30(7.32%) of them are ‘Male’ and 29(7.07%) of them are ‘Female’. It is highlighted that the majority of the respondents are Faculty members. And also, 82.2 per cent of the respondents preferred the “Google” search engine, followed by the “Yahoo” search engine with 7.56%.
Scientometric Analysis of the Research Paper Output on Artificial Intelligence: A Study
Authors: Mumtaj Begum H.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to measure the number of contributions and highlight the contributions made by the researchers in the field of Artificial Intelligence and published on the Web of Science database ten years during 2011-2021 using scientometric analysis. Data were interpreted by using software such as Bibexcel, Vosviewer, and tabulated using MS Excel. The results indicated that 26822 papers were published during 2011 - 2021 and the highest number of publications 10712 (39.94%) was produced in 2020. The trends in multi-authored papers have tremendously increased (87.32%) compared to (12.68%) single-authored papers. The relative growth rate (1.46) and degree of collaboration (0.87) is noted significantly and the highest no of papers (18.97%) was contributed by the collaboration of three authors and source wise most of the records were published an article 20741. It also noted that the value of the highest degree of collaboration was (0.89) in 2020. The Zhang Y author (111) contributed more numbers of papers in the domain of Artificial Intelligence with USA (6491) being the country producing more research papers followed by China, the UK, and the India. More than 1600 papers had been published in Model, and Prediction. The study inferred that the rate of growth is relation by the year wise publications of Artificial Intelligence research.
Conspiracy, anxiety, ontology: Theorising QAnon
Authors: Fitzgerald James
Published: May 2022

The rise of QAnon presents researchers with a number of important questions. While emerging literature provides insights into how QAnon exists online, there is a dearth of theoretical engagement with the questions of why it exists, and what conditions brought it into being. This paper seeks to address this gap by contextualizing QAnon as an ontological phenomenon underpinned by anxiety, and inquiring into the identity formation strategies employed by the movement. Applying the basic precepts of discourse theory and discourse analysis to a representative canon of QAnon content, it finds that, like other formations of collective identity, QAnon is premised on interconnected dynamics of ontological fulfillment that cannot be explained away by pointing to ‘the algorithm’ or ‘madness’. Nor can it be tackled effectively by the content takedowns and de-platforming strategies currently employed. The paper concludes with a call to explore more empathetic engagement with conspiracy adherents, arguing that until we (re)discover a more inclusive, agonistic politics, QAnon and other fantastical conspiracy movements will continue to arise and some may metastasize into violent action. New forms of resilience to (online) polarization can be built on this principle.
Study of Design and Device Modeling of Double layered Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Allalla Madhu , Shukla Naman , Minj Sweta , Tiwari Sanjay
Published: April 2022

Recently, organic-inorganic perovskite-based solar cells have become a revolution in photovoltaic field due to their unique properties. Several studies were focused on perovskite solar cells based on Pb perovskite layer as lead provides strong absorption of photons and have high efficiency. However, the factor of toxicity, stability and ecological challenges of these devices is the main challenge to the progress in commercial production. In this, study and numerical modeling of perovskite solar cells using an alternative candidate which is tin as a perovskite material has been carried out. This later is investigated in order to overcome the toxicity, stability and ecological challenges effects on perovskite solar cells, as they exhibit similar photovoltaic performances as Pb-perovskite solar cells. Therefore, the effect of single and double absorbent i.e. CH3NH3SnI3 and CH3NH3SnBr3 and no Hole Transport Layer is studied and investigated to enhance the conversion efficiency of perovskite devices. The obtained simulation results illustrate that perovskite solar cells based on no HTL and double absorbent layer exhibit 21.3% of power conversion efficiency compared to that with other HTL materials. Thus, adding double absorbent layer in perovskite solar cell design possibly will be considered as novel designing for future Sn-perovskite solar cells. The numerical simulation was performed using 1DSolar Cell Capacitance Simulator (1D- SCAPS).
Species of Termitomyces (Agaricales) Occurring in Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve, Chhattisgarh
Authors: Verma Srishti , Tiwari Mahesh , Shukla R.V. , Shukla Kamlesh
Published: April 2022

The Agarics as a group, occurs in a varieties of habitat. Some species exist in areas that are geographically separated, while some are known only from restricted areas and many species do seem to show preference for a certain type of natural habitats as well as for a particular substrate. An extensive exploration of wild mushrooms carried out from 2019 to 2021 at different forest ranges of Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve,Chhattisgarh India. Seven different species of Termitomyces namely Termitomycesclypeatus, T. microcarpus, T. rabuorii, T. streatus, T. radicatus, Termitomyces sp. -1, Termitomyces sp -2, were found in edible form. So far members of the group which are found in soil, dung, plant derbies, independently or in association with particular plant species has minimal documentation and germ-plasm collection from Chhattisgarh state, which is known for the largest forest land and the tribal population.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENTAL CARIES AND FEATURES OF DENTAL CARE AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN OF THE ADJARA REGION
Authors: Japaridze Fridon , Bakradze Mzia , Shonia Nato , Japaridze Lana , Gvarishvili Salome
Published: April 2022

557 children were examined. 308 pupils of schools of the municipalities of mountainous Adjara (Khulo, Shuakhevi, and Keda) and 249 pupils of schools of Kobuleti and Khelvachauri municipalities. Age of pupils was the following: 6-7, 12, 15 years old. The selection was made according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). The spread and intensity of caries were determined, also was calculated the volume of the dental care by municipalities.

The research has revealed:

The caries prevalence rate in all age groups is high, the rate of caries intensity is also high compared to the data set for Georgia.
The amount of dental care in the surveyed municipalities is very insufficient and filling out dental offices with appropriate specialists is needed.
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE INTELLIGENCE AND PERSONALITY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Songtaya Kameelah
Published: April 2022

Both intelligence and personality are the Allah’ (S) grace that the two of them have similarities and differences, which are seen according to Islamic educational psychology. This study aimed to examine the differences between them. This research was a literature review with qualitative design by taking material sources from literature studies in books, theses, journals, and other electronic sources that can be scientifically justified. This research showed that there are similarities and differences between intelligence and personalities according to Islamic educational psychology. Both the meaning and the aspects seem good on them. Among those meanings, there is the word “Aqal” which in the context of intelligence it was used to obtain the acquaintance, while in the context of personality it was used as the base of the attitude. In these aspects, the intelligence and personality have the differences; intellectual intelligence is used to grow the intellectual aspects, intellectual rational personality is used behavioral base, as well as while it appears the differences between spiritual-moral intelligence and idealistic personality, spiritual-moral intelligence is used to apply norms or values and idealistic personality is to love norms or values.
Gambaran Umum Manajemen Identifikasi Pasien Yang Tepat Di RS Siloam Bekasi Timur Periode Januari 2022
Authors: Shabrina Ghaisani Husna , Sutarno Maryati
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Hasil audit yang peneliti peroleh dari Peningkatan Mutu dan KesabaranTim Safety di RS Siloam Bekasi Timur khususnya Ruang Rawat Inap pada bulan April sampai dengan September 2021, adalah sebagai berikut pada bulan April 98%, Mei 95%, Juni 92%, Juli 94%, Agustus 97%, dan September 96%. Itu target pencapaian yang ditetapkan oleh rumah sakit untuk akurasi identifikasi pasien adalah 100%, tetapi dari audit hasil yang telah dijelaskan di atas masih ada yang tidak mengidentifikasi pasien dengan benar. Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk mengetahui gambaran pengelolaan ketepatan identifikasi pasien di RS Siloam Bekasi Timur pada Januari 2022. Metode Penelitian : Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian Deskriptif dengan sampel semua perawat pelaksana di ruang rawat inap RS Siloam Bekasi Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling metode dengan jumlah responden 30 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan angket.Hasil Penelitian : Hasil Tabulasi Silang antara kesesuaian SOP dengan ketepatan pasienidentifikasi menunjukkan hasil uji statistik chi-square dengan nilai p-value 0,007 (p-value < 0,05) yang berarti signifikan, hasil tabulasi silang antara pengetahuan perawat dengan ketelitian pasien identifikasi dengan p-value 0,1 (p-value > 0,05) yang berarti tidak signifikan dan hasil persilangan tabulasi antara kompetensi perawat dengan ketepatan identifikasi pasien dengan nilai pvalue 0,007 (p-value < 0,05) yang berarti signifikan Kesimpulan dan Saran: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kesesuaian SOP dengankompetensi perawat dengan ketepatan identifikasi pasien, tetapi tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan perawat dan akurasi identifikasi pasien. Diharapkan pihak Rumah Sakit melakukan sosialisasi SOP tentang identifikasi pasien, memotivasi dan menumbuhkan kesadaran dan tanggung jawab perawat dalam keselamatan pasien.Kata Kunci : Manajemen Identifikasi Pasien yang Tepat
Pengaruh Kerjasama Tim dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Efektivitas Program Penyaluran Bantuan Sosial yang Dimediasi oleh Perilaku Kewargaan Organisasi Pada Yayasan Buddha Tzu Chi (Studi Kasus Pada Rumah Sakit Cinta Kasih Tzu Chi Cengkareng)
Authors: Angelina Felicia , Haryono P.M.Budi , Fushen Fushen
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh kerjasama tim dan komitmen organisasi terhadap efektivitas program kerja penyaluran bantuan sosial yang dimediasi oleh perilaku kewargaan (organizational citizenship behavior) pada Yayasan Buddha Tzu Chi (Studi Kasus Pada Rumah Sakit Cinta Kasih Tzu Chi Cengkareng). Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang bekerja di  RSCK Cengkareng Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survey yang dilakukan pada karyawan RSCK Cengkareng sebagai responden. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Jumlah populasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan di RSCK Cengkareng yang terlibat dalam program bantuan sosial, yaitu berjumlah 144 orang karyawan.Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa secara keseluruhan hipotesis yang diteliti diterima. Kerjasama Tim dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Efektivitas Program Penyaluran Bantuan Sosial yang Dimediasi oleh OCB berpengaruh positif terhadap efektivitas keberhasilan program bantuan sosial. Artinya semakin tinggi tingkat kerjasama tim, OCB dalam organisasi juga akan meningkat. Semakin tinggi komitmen maka efektivitas program bansos akan semakin meningkat. Sehingga jika komitmen tersebut dilakukan secara konsisten dapat terus memperkuat OCB dan semakin tinggi OCB maka program bansos akan semakin efektif. OCB berperan penting dalam kerjasama untuk efektivitas individu, kelompok, dan organisasi karena akan mempengaruhi efektivitas keberhasilan program bansos. OCB memegang peranan penting dalam komitmen karyawan terhadap perusahaan karena akan mempengaruhi peningkatan efektivitas organisasi.Kata Kunci: Kerjasama Tim, Komitmen Organisasi, Efektivitas, Perilaku Kewargaan
Potential Utilization of Industry Waste Through Solidification
Authors: Velumani P.
Published: April 2022

In this study, Textile industry and Paper industry sludge were collected, studied, analyzed, proportioned and optimized for the production of construction materials like fly ash bricks, paver blocks, concrete blocks etc. Studies were done as per the recommendations of BIS standards.
The study shows feasible waste utilization by replacing cement with two industrial sludges (textile and hypo sludge) up to 30% in different building materials like bricks, hollow concrete blocks, paver blocks and other concrete works.
Site Characterization of an Abandoned Dumpsite for Engineering Purposes Using Integrated Techniques
Authors: Alabi A.A. , Olurin O.T. , Adetoyinbo A.A. , Ogungbe A.S. , Coker J.O. , Adewale A.O. , Aladegboye A.J. , Kadiri S.K.
Published: April 2022

Subsurface information of an abandoned dumpsite at Saje Abeokuta, South-western Nigeria was investigated using geophysical and geotechnical methods (ES). The combination of four traverses measured at 5 m constant sampling interval using to determine its suitability to host engineering
structure (ES). Dipole-dipole configuration and Eight Vertical Electric Sounding (VES) were carried out. Laboratory tests were performed on eight samples obtained from 1 m depth to determine particle size distribution, Atterberg limit, compaction limit, California bearing ratio (CBR), specific
gravity and moisture content. The resulting sounding curve include the AH, KH, HKH and H and maximum of five geo-electric sub-surface layers were revealed. The geoelectric result showed VES 3 and VES 5 as having layers composed of fractured basement and clayey sand offer weak support for ES.
Traverse 1 and 4 from 2D ERT have reasonable linearity in the topsoil which is mechanically stable in supporting shallow foundation of ES. All soil samples were mechanically stable as revealed by the CBR test analysis, except L6 which has a low load-bearing ratio. Areas within Traverse 3 are
unsuitable for ES without excavation and reinforcement. The study area is suitable to host ES except around VES 3 and VES 5 that need reinforcement.
Factors Affecting the Intensity of Color Released In Water Extract by Soil-Like Material Obtained From Mining of Old MSW Dumps
Authors: Somani Mohit , Datta Manoj , Ramana G. V. , Sreekrishnan T. R. , Hölzle Ingo
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the analysis of release of dark-colored leachate from soil-like material (SLM) mined from three old municipal solid waste dump sites of before its reuse as earth-fill. If SLM is to be re-used in earth-fill, the release of dark-colored leachate can cause coloration
of the surrounding water bodies. Laboratory studies (in terms of single batch leaching) were undertaken to quantify the release of color and identify the source/cause of the phenomenon. Influence of repeated washing, heating at various temperature, and aeration of SLM on the intensity of release
of color was identified. Correlation of color with total dissolved solids and volatile dissolved solids was also established. The intensity of color of water extract from SLM in platinum cobalt unit (PCU) was found to in the range of 288-712, 465-485 and 740-925 from Delhi, Kadapa and Hyderabad
dumpsites respectively. In contrast, the intensity of color in water released from local soils was found to be 25-30 PCU. Organic content present in SLM was identified as the primary cause for the release of color. Results showed that large quantity of water (70-120 ml per gram of SLM) was
required to cause significant reduction in the intensity of color. Heating of SLM to 500°C was observed to reduce the color very effectively but short-term aeration of SLM did not reduce color. Good correlation of volatile dissolved solids with color was observed which further confirmed
the organic content as the main reason for the release of dark-colored leachate from SLM.
Optimization of Solid Waste Resource Utilization Mode Of Different-scale Dairy Farms from the Cost – Benefit Perspective
Authors: Jie Pei , Guanghua Qiao
Published: April 2022

This study analyzed the cost – benefit of manure resource utilization using micro-investigation data of 89 large-scale dairy farms in Horinger County and Tumote Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia, China. Results showed that the applicable economic utilization modes of manure resources in smalland
medium-scale farms are fertilizer sale and bedding production, respectively. However, the lack of market demand for organic fertilizer and technical equipment restricts their promotion of applicable economic models. Large- and ultra-large-scale farms are using manure resources as fertilizer,
which is limited owing to the shortage of supporting cultivated land. Moreover, farms of different scales did not make profit from the utilization of manure resources, where large-scale farms suffered the highest degree of loss. Therefore, this study proposes to strengthen the supervision
of, and technical support, for large-scale farms, completely promote tripartite governance, increase technology research, and encourage the implementation of cooperative planting and breeding and other countermeasures.
Preparation of Calcium Carbonate by Three-Stage Bubbling Carbonation in CaCl2-NH4Cl-NH3-H2O SYSTEM
Authors: Tong Zhibo , Tan Zhaojun , Wang Jiang , Sun Jingting , Zhou Dan
Published: April 2022

To prepare calcium carbonate with reduced particle size and single vaterite phase based on the mineral carbonation technology of steel slag, preparation of calcium carbonate in system was studied by using two and three-stage bubbling carbonation under different reaction pH values and
stirring conditions in the presence of ultrasound in this paper. The results show that the calcium carbonate has already gathered and the particles are small and clearly defined when the first aging pH value is 9.0. With the decrease of pH value, the particle size of calcium carbonate increases
significantly with more than one peak in the particle size distribution curve, the particle surface tends to be smooth, and the calcite content increases gradually. However, the two-stage bubbling carbonation process can reduce the particle size significantly and is applicable to the system.
Different stirring conditions have no significant influence on calcium content, pH value, or phase, which is mainly composed of vaterite and calcite in twostage carbonation, while the stirring in the aging stage will increase the particle size of calcium carbonate. Base on the results of the
two-stage carbonization reaction, the three-stage bubbling carbonation is proposed and the calcium carbonate prepared is all single vaterite type, and its size and the agglomeration between the particles are also significantly reduced, and the stirring also has no significant influence. The
formation mechanism of two and three stage bubbling carbonation reaction was also discussed.
Prioritizing and Optimizing Sustainable Measures for Municipal Solid Waste Prevention and Management Through Online and Distance Learning Approaches
Authors: Sunday Nworie Felix , Monday Onele
Published: April 2022

Waste prevention and management especially in Africa has for decades posited serious environmental challenges such as water, land and air pollution. This research seeks to address a scenario of profiling waste types and design intervention stimulating behavioral change and designs solid
municipal waste prevention programme with limited economic resources in mind to arrive at the maximum environmental impact prevention within the municipal solid waste life cycle. A methodology employing cross-sectional and multi-stage simple random sampling technique was proposed. Data was
collected by use of structured questionnaire. Classical statistical analyses were processed using SPSS19.0 software. The proposed method was helpful profiling households' attitude and measures that should be prioritized as high environmental impact. The impact of online and distance learning
programme on the behavioral and municipal waste generation and prevention was profiled. Result indicated that online and distance learning programmes enhance households' knowledge of waste prevention and management.
Household Solid Waste: an Assessment Of the Impacts of Covid-19 on Preventive Practices In Brazilian Public Management
Authors: Franco Rocha Paulo Henrique , Luz Bezerra Ana Keuly , Moita Neto Jose Machado
Published: April 2022

The World Health Organization recommends home care for patients with Covid-19 who have mild symptoms. In home confinement, the infected continue their routine of consumption and generation of waste. Public services must be adjusted to deal with the collection and management of contaminated
waste and thus reduce likely additional impacts. In order to verify whether Brazilian municipalities are aware of the recommendations for the protection of urban solid waste collectors, this study analyzed the capacity of municipalities to adapt to the set of official recommendations for the
management of contaminated household solid waste by Covid 19. Using a hypothetical-deductive method of bibliographic, documentary and exploratory character, theoretical aspects related to the management of solid waste are initially addressed; second, documentary research in the SNIS 2018,
ANVISA, CONAMA, ABES and ABRELPE databases. It was found that Covid-19 exposed the pre-existing problems and deficiencies in public cleaning and MSW management in Brazil. It was clear that the management of MSW in small Brazilian municipalities is similar, as well as the indicators of MSW
management reveal problems when compared to the PNRS of Brazil. Such disorder is aggravated by the lack of planning for the integrated management of urban solid waste.
The Role of Repair and Refurbishment in Extending Lifetime of Electrical Electronic Equipment in Nigeria
Authors: Odeyingbo O. A. , Baldé C. P.
Published: April 2022

The adaptation of traditional linear economic system for electrical electronic equipment (EEE) has a significant impact on the active use time and the rate of electronic waste (e-waste) generation. The management of e-waste requires an understanding of the quantity and rate of transition
of EEE to electronic waste (e-waste). This study used data generated from household survey to develop a life time model which reflects the specific reuse (often with repair and refurbishment) traditions common in developing countries and discusses how these influence ewaste generation –
using Nigeria as a case study. The repair and reuse tradition in Nigeria deviated from the "linear economies" which often use and dispose electronic devices without co nsidering reuse options. Result shows that 74 % of respondent indicated that faulty EEE could be repaired and reused more
than twice before disposal. Lifetime of the studied devices are extended by an average of 11 years for TVs, 9 years for refrigerators, 5 years for laptops, 7 years for desktop computer and 6 years for DVDs when compared to previous lifetime estimate in literature Longer value reuse of EEE
is arguably one of the smartest ways to keep materials out of the waste stream and landfill.
Assessment of Alkali Modified Coal Fly Ash As a Potential Pit Latrine Additive for Elimination of Pathogens Using Synthetic Faeces As Proxy
Authors: Madikizela Phindile , Iheanetu Chidinma , Laubscher Richard , Britton Jonathan , Tandlich Roman
Published: April 2022

In this study, alkali modified coal fly ash (MFA) and unmodified coal fly ash (unMFA) were applied, as pit latrine additives to eliminate faecal coliforms from synthetic faeces (SF), which were used as a proxy for real pit latrine waste. The X-ray diffractogram spectrum showed that
mullite and quartz were converted into hydroxysilicate. Two separate studies were run over a period of seven weeks. The first study had the treatment combinations of SF: MFA, SF: unMFA, SF: MFA: synthetic greywater (SGW), SF: unMFA: SGW, SF: MFA: synthetic urine (SU), SF: unMFA: SU and SF
(as a control) while the second study consisted of the combinations of SF: MFA, SF: unMFA, SF: MFA: lime (6g), SF: unMFA: lime (12g), SF: MFA: lime (24g), SF: unMFA: lime (50g) respectively. The pH in both studies ranged between 7.07 and 12.38. The average initial concentrations of faecal
coliforms from each of the experimental treatments ranged from 9.96 x 106 to 1.06 x107 ± 2 x106 cfu/g of dry weight on the first day of the experiment. However, they were removed completely after 7 days with no regrowth for a period of 7 weeks indicating
removal of faecal coliforms to level below the detection limits of the enumeration technique used. On the first study on the fourth week, faecal coliforms reappeared in the pit latrine treatment SF: MFA: SU (5.60 x 105 ± 8.66 x 105 cfu/g dry weight) followed by
SF: MFA (1.78 x 105 ± 2.89 x 105 cfu/g dry weight) but thereafter could not be detected (detection limit was 545 cfu/ g dry weight of SF) for the remainder of the study. The concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium, phosphate ranged between 6.35
x102 ± 1.26x102 – 22.11 x102, 0.116±0.091 – 21.38 x102 ± 1.77x102 and 1.35x102 ±0.348 – 31.18x102 ±0.348 mg/g of dry weight respectively while nitrate concentration
was zero. In conclusion, both studies showed that MFA and unMFA can be used as pit latrine additives for the removal of pathogenic microorganisms, however, the contents of the pit latrine might have an influence on how fast and effective the additive might be as shown in the first study where
SU or SGW were introduced.
Equal Opportunity to Selective Colleges: Assessments Through the Admissions Process
Authors: An Brian P.
Published: April 2022

Studies in educational stratification that focus on the transition from high school to college generally examine the relation between social origins and college destinations or consider how the admissions process influences college access. These two strands, however, have been primarily studied in parallel. By examining trends in college destinations separately from the impact of the admissions process on college access, stratification researchers may misattribute the allocation process of students to colleges. Instead, I integrate these two research agendas and use a multiplicative process to identify potential inequalities in college access and better understand how aggregate differences in college destinations occur.
Contextualizing Vocabulary Teaching Practices in Benin EFL Classes
Authors: Viviane Hounhanou Arlette J.
Published: April 2022

Acquiring vocabulary in EFL classes has been a controversial issue for years. The research endeavor explores contextualization regarding vocabulary teaching in Benin EFL classes. The paper aims to assist EFL teachers in using the most adequate strategy of teaching vocabulary in the classroom. The study involved public EFL students and teachers. The participants, specifically EFL students were assigned as experimental and control groups. The instruments used for this research were class observation, questionnaire, and interview. Data were gathered in class through two different skills namely Listening, Reading, and a vocabulary lesson. The experimental studied vocabulary by means of memorization, texts, and without clues, while the control group was instructed through contextualization. The data analyzed have shown a good impact on the acquisition of students’ vocabulary knowledge for the control group than the experimental group. It is believed that the results from this study can be resorted as a useful method in the English classes by Benin EFL teachers, lecturers, researchers, and language instructors.
Naomi Willie Pollard Dobson: A Pioneering Black Librarian
Authors: Gray LaVerne
Published: April 2022

Naomi Willie Pollard Dobson (1883–1971) was an educator, librarian, clubwoman, civic leader, and the first Black woman to graduate from Northwestern University in 1905. Despite her achievements, Dobson is not represented in the literature in Black librarianship history, African American history, or women’s history. This article takes a closer look at an early twentieth-century life well lived. A chance reading of the 1915 Wilberforce University catalog revealed her as the head librarian at Wilberforce, an Ohio historically Black college founded in 1856 by the African Methodist Episcopal Church. This article documents the process of uncovering an unknown and unsung figure in African American woman’s biography and library history. The text makes the case for inclusion of an under-researched woman who contributed to the intellectual and liberatory conscious of African Americans. To situate the subject in time and space the article recounts her familial influences through genealogy, explores her movements through the society and women’s columns, and outlines her professional work through institutional reports. Recounting Dobson’s life involved embracing the relational through the significance of a remarkable family, communities centered on self-determination, and progressive racial uplift.
Dr. Virginia Lacy Jones: The Blueprint for Relentless Advocacy for Black Librarianship
Authors: Johnson Aisha
Published: April 2022

As dean of Atlanta University School of Library Service, Dr. Virginia Lacy Jones was an advocate for library education, Black librarianship, and the recruitment and retention of minority librarians. During a time when there were few library science programs for the training of Black librarians, she stood on her soapbox for representation in the profession, practices, and curriculum. Dr. Jones provided Black librarianship with the blueprint for relentless advocacy, a model for equity, diversity, and inclusion in the library and information science profession that many librarians and library educators rely on today.
“We’re So Glad You’re Here, and We’re So Glad You’re Black”: Esther Walls’s Life and Work in Libraries and Literacy Organizations
Authors: Pierce Jennifer Burek , Henderson Erik
Published: April 2022

Esther J. Walls (1926–2008) was a Black librarian born in Mason City, Iowa, who sought social justice in her home state before making her belief in equity and literacy the touchstone of her significant career. Walls worked at the New York Public Library and other important institutions, including appointments to prominent organizations’ committees and boards that recognized her deep knowledge and commitment to service. While earning her master’s degree in library science from Columbia University in 1951 and for years afterward, Walls brought Black culture into the Harlem Branch library and brought the library and its resources into the Harlem community, a then-radical act of information-sharing. New technologies and artifacts from her travels to Africa formed the basis for programs and community conversations. In 1963 she led an American Library Association (ALA) Young Adult Services Division (YASD, now YALSA) committee that created African Encounter: A Selected Bibliography of Books, Films, and Other Materials for Promoting an Understanding of Africa Among Young Adults. Her distinguished career included appointments as director of the US Secretariat to promote UNESCO’s International Year of the Book in 1972 and, in the early 1990s, an appointment to the advisory board for the Center for the Book at the Library of Congress.
Alkaline Phosphatase Levels as a Predictor of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Urooj Rani Saba , Butt Nayab , Ikram Sikander , Tahira Fatima , Mehak Noor-Ul-Ain , Umair Rana M. , Laique Talha
Published: April 2022

Background: Jaundice is a common health issue especially in pediatric practice. It can be physiological or pathological hence has supreme importance clinically. Aim: To determine the accuracy of cord blood alkaline phosphatase levels for predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Methodology: It was conducted at Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital-Lahore. All neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Their demographic information, gestational and birth history was taken. Cord blood sample (5ml) was taken and measured for ALP level and total bilirubin level. Statistical analysis: Data analyzed by using SPSS 23. Chi-square was applied. Results: Predictive accuracy of cord blood ALP level for predicting neonatal hyper-bilirubinemia showing sensitivity and specificity as 91.60% and 93.04 respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that predictive accuracy of cord blood alkaline phosphatase level is good and reliable for predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Keywords: Neonatal Hyper-bilirubinemia, Cord Blood Alkaline Phosphatase and Predictive Accuracy.
Sources of Stress among Medical Students
Authors: Zia Mudasar , Qayyum Anoosh , Majeed Sadia , Saad Maheen , Hanif Farah , Rashid Shazia
Published: April 2022

Aim: To find out the frequency and relative frequency of stress on medical students of a local medical college, Lahore. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of study: Local Medical College with duration one month (Feb 2019) Methods: The study was surveyed on 150 medical students of M.B.B.S part 1 & 11. Questionnaire was divided into three sections including environmental stress, family affairs stress and stress of studies. Results: In the context of environmental stress features in medical students the highest odds of stress in students was problem in time management for study, followed by feeling of bullying and their current feelings of stress, feeling of uncomfortable at the time of dissection and conflict with other student. In the context of stress the highest odds of stress was due to family affairs in medical students was responsibility in regard to family problem, family issues, history of family depression and recently loss of family member. The last context was study related stress include the highest odds of stress in students who not fulfill self-expectations and fail to perform task followed by poor in the studies due disturbances by the class fellows, ineffective copying skills and non-serious attitude toward studies followed by emotional stress and sleeping. Conclusion: It is concluded that good academic environment, as well as problem focused and emotion focused strategies may help to alleviate stress. Keywords: Medical students, Relative frequency of stress.
Efficacy of Low Dose Oral Isotretinoin on Alternate Day Vs Pulses Regimen for Acne Vulgaris Treatment: RCT
Authors: Dawood Muhammad , Noor Nasma , Hameed Sadia
Published: April 2022

Background: Acne has a worldwide distribution with no specific predilection for any race starting in adolescence and usually resolves by mid-twenties. Aim: To compare the efficacy of low dose 1mg/kg oral isotretinoin on alternate day versus pulses of oral isotretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Methodology: All patients (n=254) having severe facial acne vulgaris were included. Patients in group A, was given oral isotretinoin 1mg/kg on alternate day and those in group B, oral isotretinoin 1 mg/kg/day for one week/four weeks. Patients were followed up at 12 weeks to see response of each group. Response was noted in terms of more than 60% improvement in total acne load from baseline. All this information was recorded on Performa. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results were presented as frequency and percentage. Age was presented as mean± SD. Results: In group A, total acne load was decreased from a mean of 114.6 to 5.24 with 95.42% response was seen during 24 weeks of treatment .In group B total acne load was decreased from 110.4 to a mean of 22.33 with 79.77% response was seen during 24 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: It was concluded that treatment received by group A proved to be a better treatment option for acne vulgaris in comparison to treatment received by group B. Keywords: Isotretinoin, Acne Vulgaris and Treatment Response
Comparative Efficacy of High Dose Dexamethasone vs Low Dose Methylprednisoslone Therapy in Covid Pneumonia
Authors: Gardezi Syed Anees Ahmed , Niazi Najmusaqib Khan , Tirmizi S. Haider , Rafique Iffat , Sadiq Rabia , Rehman Muneeb Ur , Laique Talha
Published: April 2022

Background: Around one and half years ago in the December of 2019 a flu like disease emerged in the city Wuhan located in China. This was termed by WHO as a global pandemic due to its rapid widespread. Aim: To compare the efficacy of high dose dexamethasone (8 mgx tds) vs low dose methylprednisoslone (100 mgx bd) therapy for two weeks, in resolution of acute inflammatory markers in patients with covid pneumonia. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Methodology: Patients (n=72) with an age range of 18-70 years with Covid 19 PCR positive having Covid associated pneumonia were enrolled. Group 1 containing 36 patients receiving high dose dexamethasone (8 mgx TDS) and group 2 with 36 participants receiving low dose methylprednisolone (100 mgx BD). Inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR and Ferritin) were recorded on Day 1 (T1) on day 7 (T2) and day 14 (T3). Patients who required ventillatory support and those who died was also recorded.All this information was recorded on Performa. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Mean age of the patients was 50.11±11.7 years. When we compared the inflammatory markers among group 1 and group 2 at T1, T2 and T3 no statistically significant difference was obtained. Conclusion: It was concluded that high dose dexamethasone and low dose methylprednisoslone therapy for two weeks were equally effective in resolution of acute inflammatory markers in patients with covid pneumonia. Keywords: Covid, Pneumonia, High Dose Steroids and Inflammatory Markers.