bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A monitoring-based classification system for risk management of bridge scour
Authors: Maroni Andrea , Tubaldi Enrico , McDonald Hazel , Zonta Daniele
Published: June 2022

Flood-induced scour is the principal cause of bridge failure worldwide. Nevertheless, bridge scour risk assessment is still based on visual inspections, which may be affected by human errors and cannot be performed during flood peaks. This problem, together with the simplifications in scour estimation, might cause misclassification of the bridge scour risk, unnecessary bridge closures or recourse to avoidable scour mitigation measures. Structural-health-monitoring (SHM) systems allow overcoming these issues, providing bridge managers with more accurate information about scour, thus supporting them in taking optimal management decisions. This paper illustrates the development of an SHM- and event-based classification system for bridge scour management, which extends and complements current risk-rating procedures by incorporating the various sources of uncertainty characterising the scour estimation and information from different sensors. The proposed system is based on a probabilistic framework for scour risk estimation and can be used to provide transport agencies with real-time scour risk classification of bridges under a heavy-flood event. The system is applied to a bridge network located in south-west Scotland in a heavy-flood scenario, and information from heterogeneous sources is considered for updating the knowledge of scour. It is shown that integrating scour-monitoring data leads to an overall uncertainty reduction that is reflected in more accurate scour risk classification, thus helping transport agencies in prioritising bridge inspections and risk mitigation actions.
Shape encoding for semantic healing of design models and knowledge transfer to scan-to-BIM
Authors: Collins Fiona C , Ringsquandl Martin , Braun Alexander , Hall Daniel M , Borrmann Andre
Published: June 2022

Automated parsing of design data will increasingly be a prerequisite for efficient data- and analytics-driven management of building portfolios. The high complexity and low rigidity of building information modelling (BIM) model exchange standards such as Industry Foundation Classes result in considerable differences in data quality and impede direct data availability for analytics-based decision support. Mis- or unclassified building elements are a common issue and can lead to tedious manual reworks. At the same time, scan-to-BIM processes still require considerable manual effort to identify subclass element geometry. This work leverages the benefits of a three-dimensional lightweight, geometric algorithm to generate meaningful geometric features autonomously that assist shape classification in erroneous design models and pre-segmented point clouds. Geometric deep learning is introduced in two steps; a discussion about the benefits of graph convolutional networks (GCNs) is given before a set of experiments on BIM element data sets is conducted. Utilising explainable artificial intelligence methods, the GCN performance is made suitable for human–algorithm interaction. Leveraging element geometry solely, the classification reaches a promising average performance of above 83% for the model-healing task with a reduced computation time. The encoded geometric knowledge from the design models is shown to be helpful in showcasing examples of segment classification in point clouds.
Kilis Yahudi Cemaati ve Onlardan Kalan Bir Miras: Kilis Sinagogu
Authors: Altuncu Abdullah , Tercanlı Akın
Published: June 2022

Yahudi Tarihi, farklı dönemlerde ve ayrı coğrafyalarda yaşayan Yahudi topluluklarının birikimlerinden, tecrübelerinden, kültürel dokularından, dini hayatlarından ve belki de en önemlisi hem bireysel hem de toplumsal yaşanmışlıklarından oluşmaktadır. Erken dönemlerden itibaren Anadolu’da görülen Yahudi topluluklarının bir çoğu günümüze kadar varlığını korunmuştur. Bu topluluklardan birisi de Halep Hahambaşılığına bağlı olarak 1960’lı yıllara kadar varlığını koruyan Kilis Yahudi cemaati olmuştur. Kendisine ait sinagogu, okulları ve mezarlığı bulunan Kilisli Yahudilerin, Müslüman komşuları ile aynı mahalleler içerisinde yaşamış oldukları bilinmektedir. Birbirinden farklı pek çok dini cemaate ev sahipliği yapmış olan Kilis’te, varlığını en uzun süre devam ettiren topluluk Yahudiler olmuştur. Muhafazakâr bir dini hayatlarının olduğu bilinen Kilisli Yahudiler, genel olarak ticaretle uğraşmışlardır. Milli Mücadele döneminde ise Fransızlara karşı Türklerin yanında yer almıştır. Şehirde yaşamış olan Yahudi cemaatine ait yapıların mevcut izleri, bu topluluğun mimari ve kültürel yapıları hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Bütün bu bilgilere ek olarak Kilis’te Yahudilerin yakın döneme kadar yaşamış olmaları sebebiyle Yahudilerle ilgili hatıraların, toplumsal hafızada halen canlı olduğu görülmektedir. Karşılıklı saygı, hoşgörü ve gösterilen değer üzerinden şekillenen ilişki hem Müslüman hem de Yahudiler tarafından bozulmadan sürdürülmüştür. Bu bağlamda Kilis Sinagogu’nun yakın tarihte yapılan restorasyonu da büyük anlam taşımaktadır. Bu makalede Kilis Yahudi cemaati, sinagogların Yahudi topluluklar açısından kurumsal önemi ve son olarak Kilis Sinagogu’nun yapısal özellikleri ele alınacaktır.
Contrasting Effects of Air Pollution Assessment in two Areas of the Quito Metropolitan District, Ecuador
Authors: Cornejo-Vásconez Daniel , Rodríguez-Espinosa Fabián , Guasumba Alejandra , Toulkeridis Theofilos
Published: June 2022

One of the main factors of air contamination within urban areas is burning gasoline by cars, light trucks and motorcycles. Gasoline burning liberates pollution gases such as Nitrogen dioxide, Sulfur dioxide, Carbon monoxide, benzene, besides others. Among these, Nitrogen dioxide (NOx) is the one that stands out for the people’s awareness of such contamination. We used the Hedonic Price Method (HPM) in order to determine people’s perception of air quality as a proxy and estimate the effect of gases on the housing market. We selected two areas of Quito Metropolitan District in order to evaluate contamination effects on properties. One with a higher concentration of gases located within the historic district of Quito. The other with better air quality called the Bellavista district. The results of three different models indicated that a reduction of 1 (µg/m3) of NOx would increase an average of 4.54% of the housing market value, which it represents 2,032,326.24 USD in value for sample properties. A decrease of 5 µg/m3 will increase in 22.7% of properties value.
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Authors: not provided diaetoxilkapseln
Published: June 2022

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Authors: not provided diaetoxil
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Authors: A Virella Carlos
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“ENTÃO A DEUSA SE MATA EM SACRIFÍCIO DE SEUS PRÓPRIOS ANIMAIS”: A MULHER MARAVILHA COMO UMA PRESCRIÇÃO DO “SER MULHER”
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Muniz , Bastos Rodolpho
Published: June 2022

A partir de um processo judicial no qual uma empregada questiona o pseudônimo “mulher maravilha”, lhe atribuído por sua chefia, o presente ensaio tem como objetivo principal compreender o que significa ser uma mulher maravilha. Para tanto, investiga-se as origens da super-heroína Mulher Maravilha, personagem criada nos anos 40 como um novo modelo feminino a ser seguido e questiona-se a imposição deste modelo na vida das mulheres. Sob a roupagem de uma livre escolha, os papeis sociais da mulher moderna já estão determinados pelo modelo da mulher maravilha: aquela que trabalha fora de casa e ainda assim consegue conciliar o cuidado do lar, da família, do casamento, da sexualidade, etc. Assim, demonstra-se como a personagem, criada e recepcionada como símbolo da luta feminista, também pode ser utilizada como uma prescrição do que é “ser mulher”, em detrimento da individualidade de cada pessoa.
REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS E CRIMINALIDADE: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA REPRESENTACIONAL DA CRIMINALIDADE EM ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Velozo Artur Lucchese , Mendonça Anderson Pereira
Published: June 2022

O Brasil se encontra em uma contradição aguda no cenário da criminalidade e segurança pública; figura entre os países com altas taxas de crimes, encarceramento, letalidade e mortalidade policial. Objetivo dessa investigação foi analisar as representações sociais dos estudantes do ensino superior sobre criminalidade. Foram utilizados questionários de evocação livre para registrar os termos associados e posteriormente submetidos à análise prototípica e de similitude para caracterizar a estrutura das representações sociais. Foram identificados 141 termos, com destaque para: violência, morte, desigualdade, política, drogas e arma. O conteúdo do termo de destaque na representação, violência, foi analisado, buscando inscrever esse fenômeno no contexto nacional. Concluímos que a representação social do grupo investigado está associada à violência física e patrimonial, tráfico de drogas e aspectos sociais; também foi possível concluir que o estado cumpre um papel significativo na organização social do uso da violência, nesse sentido, o uso histórico da violência pelo estado e grupos dominantes participa no incremento dos aspectos destrutivos da criminalidade violenta nacional.
MARCAS DA MEMÓRIA: TRAJETÓRIA DE UMA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA AUDITIVA EM UM CURSO DE MEDICINA
Authors: Novaes Saia Gabriela , Urias Challouts Caroline , Gomes da Silva Tânia Maria
Published: June 2022

Este artigo busca apresentar a narrativa de uma médica neurologista com deficiência auditiva em sua trajetória num curso de graduação em Medicina, no Brasil. A pesquisa é exploratória e de abordagem qualitativa. Em razão da Covid-19 e das medidas de distanciamento social a entrevista ocorreu no sistema de perguntas-respostas via e-mail. Os resultados foram avaliados utilizando a hermenêutica interpretativa de Ricouer e a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Destacou-se a pouca empatia dos professores-médicos, insensibilidade da instituição de ensino com o processo de inclusão e o maior grau de exigência a que a entrevistada esteve submetida em função de sua deficiência. Conclui-se pela importância de mais trabalhos sustentados nas histórias de vida de pessoas com deficiência. Nesse aspecto, a memória deve ser entendida como elemento capaz de captar subjetividades, constituindo-se num processo contra-hegemônico importante na discussão das vulnerabilidades.
FAMÍLIAS POLIAFETIVAS: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA PROIBIÇÃO DO REGISTRO CIVIL PELO JUDICIÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Bicalho Eduardo Barbuto , Nunes Costa Maria Alice
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho pretende analisar criticamente os fundamentos da decisão do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ/Brasil), proferida em 2018, que proibiu o registro civil das uniões poliafetivas, em contraponto aos entendimentos do Judiciário sobre as uniões homoafetivas. Tal debate se justifica no paradigma do Estado Constitucional de Direito para que haja segurança jurídica para as relações afetivas, na medida em que a dignidade humana é objetivo central a ser perseguido pelos Estados e, a sua concretização, pressupõe a liberdade afetiva e sexual dos indivíduos. O trabalho utiliza o método analítico dialético, a fim de verificar as contradições presentes no tema, a partir das técnicas de revisão bibliográfica, legal e jurisprudencial, com procedimentos interpretativos. O trabalho utiliza, principalmente, as contribuições teóricas de Singly, Bauman e Arendt em relação à família na modernidade, de Freire e Gouveia para delimitar o conceito de poliamor e, de Fraser e Sen no tocante às demandas de reconhecimento de direitos. Este artigo aponta como resultado a crítica à decisão contrária ao registro civil das famílias poliafetivas, considerando a necessidade de uniformidade do entendimento jurídico pelos mesmos princípios que fundamentaram e justificaram a decisão do reconhecimento das uniões homoafetivas, pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, em 2011.
A FOTOGRAFIA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE PERCEPÇÃO DO COTIDIANO DO AUTISTA ATRAVÉS DO TRABALHO DE TIMOTHY ARCHIBALD
Authors: Gomes Coimbra Ana Paula , Roese Aline Macke , Da Costa Agni Devi , Lima Paula Garcia
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o uso da fotografia como modo de expressão, analisando a obra Echolilia do artista Timothy Archibald, através da qual  fotografa seu filho autista e, em paralelo, representa as manifestações sensíveis do seu dia a dia. Neste sentido, buscamos compreender sobre a capacidade de sensibilização, trazendo para a discussão a observação de um material que contribua na conscientização e assimilação da realidade, das dificuldades, e das alegrias rotineiras de uma pessoa com TEA (Transtorno do Espectro Autista), tendo como base teórica Philippe Dubois, por meio do seu modelo análise em que trata dos modos de representação do real, entre outros autores.

Palavras-chave: Fotografia. Autismo. Timothy Archibald.
Ionic and covalent immobilization of glucose isomerase of thermophilic Anoxybacillus gonensis on DEAE-sepharose
Authors: AKPINAR Züleyha , KIZAKLI YILDIRIM Merve , KARAOĞLU Hakan
Published: June 2022

High fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which is produced by the conversion of one sugar into another (glucose to fructose), has a marketing value. Hence, different glucose isomerases [(GI) (D-xylose ketol isomerase, EC 5.3.1.5)] isolated from different sources (macro-and microorganisms) were researched until today. In addition, the cost reduction of GI production for industrial applications has been investigated and applied with different techniques. Enzyme immobilization approaches have prominent features because they allow enzymes to be used repeatedly. In the current study, Anoxybacillus gonensis G2T glucose isomerase (AgoGI) (wild type) were immobilized with ionic and covalent binding on DEAE-sepharose matrix. Afterward, kinetic and biochemical parameters of the immobilized enzymes were evaluated. The pH and temperature parameters, in which the ionic and covalent immobilized enzymes showed the best activity, were determined as 6.50 and 85 °C, respectively. The kinetic data (Vmax and Km) of ionic bound AgoGI on DEAE-sepharose were 4.85±2.09 μmol/min/mg protein and 130,57±5,42 mM, as covalent immobilized AgoGI on the same matrix were 40.51± 0.81 μmol/min/mg protein µmol/min and 127,28±2,96 mM, respectively. Consequently, the usage of DEAE-sepharose for both covalent and ionic immobilization as immobilization matrix did not exhibit any negative effects on biochemical and kinetic parameters of glucose isomerase. Therefore, immobilized AgoGI on DEAE-sepharose was an excellent and promising tool for HFCS production.
MİKROSKOBİK GÖRÜNTÜLERDE MULTİPL MİYELOM PLAZMA HÜCRELERİNİN TESPİTİ
Authors: GÜNAY Mücahid , TAZE Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Multipl Miyelom, dünyada kansere bağlı ölümlerin yaklaşık %2’sine sebep olan bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalık nedeniyle normalde vücudun bağışıklık sistemi için antikor üreten plazma hücrelerinin sayısı kontrolsüz bir şekilde artmaktadır. Dolayısıyla plazma hücrelerin tespiti hastalığın teşhisi için önemli bir faktördür. Uzmanlar tarafından hastalığın teşhisi için kemik iliğinden örnekler alınarak kimyasal boyama teknikleriyle boyanmaktadır. Boyanan örneklerdeki plazma hücreleri mikroskopla incelenmektedir. Bu inceleme insan hatalarına açık olduğu gibi aynı zamanda çok zaman almaktadır. Bu çalışmada plazma hücrelerinin tespiti için otomatik bir sistem geliştirilmiştir. Plazma hücrelerinin tespiti için hücre çekirdeği ve sitoplazması farklı yöntemlerle ayrı ayrı segmente edilmiştir. Hücre çekirdeğine ait bölgeler Çok Seviyeli Eşikleme yöntemiyle, sitoplazması ise U-net evrişimsel sinir ağı kullanılarak segmente edilmiştir. Segmente edilen bölgeler uygulanan morfolojik işlemlerle iyileştirilmiştir. Segmente edilen çekirdek ve sitoplazma bölgelerinin birlikte değerlendirildiği görüntülerdeki her bir hücre için Çekirdek Hücre Oranı kriterine göre plazma hücreleri tespit edilmiştir. Veri setine ait 85 görüntü üzerinde önerilen yöntem uygulandığında, toplam 320 plazma hücresinden 279’u başarılı bir şekilde tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda %87,19 duyarlılık, %74,6 kesinlik ve %80,4 F1-skor değerleri elde edilmiştir.
Streaming technology: from games to tele-ultrasound
Authors: Arzamasov Kirill M. , Bobrovskaya Tatiana M. , Drogovoz Viktor A.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Due to the gaming industrys rapid development, a large number of technical tools and technologies with unique characteristics have emerged. One of these technologies, which can be potentially used in medical diagnostics, is streaming (online streaming). By connecting an ultrasound scanner to a video capture system, it is possible to significantly expand the diagnostic devices functionality.
AIM: To investigate the possibility of applying the gaming industrys information technology in telemedicine, like tele-ultrasound.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, an ultrasound video image was captured using a video capture system developed for gamers. The video was obtained during brachycephalic arteries ultrasound in the following modes: greyscale B-mode, color duplex, and pulse Doppler mode. The examination was broadcast to a video streaming service in real time.
RESULTS: An expert sonologist obtained optimal video image parameters and determined the minimum required video streaming settings for an adequate remote evaluation. The following video capture workstation settings are recommended: video, 1280720; 24 fps; H.264 encoder; bitrate, at least 350 Kbps.
CONCLUSIONS: Using technical and software tools developed for video game streaming to provide tele-ultrasound is possible.
Computer tomography of uro-lymphatic fistulas associated with renal colic
Authors: Gelezhe Pavel B. , Goryacheva Kristina M.
Published: June 2022

This article presents two clinical observations of uro-lymphatic fistulas diagnosed by computed tomography. In both cases, the patients were admitted with symptoms of renal colic. Uro-lymphatic fistulas are a rare condition caused by the formation of a connection between the urinary and lymphatic systems, which is caused by, as a rule, lymphatic vessel obstruction due to parasitic infestation. Other causes may be radiation therapy, retroperitoneal trauma, and tumor sprouting. In the era before antibiotics, infectious processes such as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and renal tuberculosis were common. Cases of uro-lymphatic fistulas formed against urolithiasis background are presented below. In the clinical cases presented, urine directly entered the lymphatic vessels through a uro-lymphatic fistula detected on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Uro-lymphatic fistulas caused by impaired urine outflow due to blocked urinary tract are rarely detected since abdominal ultrasound is the diagnostic method of choice in renal colic. In the vast majority of cases, uro-lymphatic fistulas are treated conservatively and do not require surgical intervention. As a rule, the formed fistulas cease to exist when its root cause is successfully treated.
Exploring transformative travel experiences: The case of Turkish travelers
Authors:   Mersin University, Turkey, Pala Tugba , Cetin Gurel ,   Istanbul University, Turkey
Published: June 2022

Transformative tourism experiences result in long-term changes in attitudes and behavior. Although research on transformative tourism has flourished in recent years, there is still a limited number of studies that investigate the travelers' experiences to examine the impact of travel on one's attitudes and behaviors. This exploratory study seeks to identify factors affecting transformative travel experiences to emerge. A typology of travel transformations is also offered based on a qualitative case study conducted on Turkish travelers. As a result of thematic content analysis of in-depth interviews with 30 travelers, the main themes affecting travel transformations emerged as tripograhic, personal and destination-based determinants, whereas the types of transformations were classified under behavioral, attitudinal, and personality changes. If tourist transformations could be understood better, this might result in better promotion of travel as a leisure activity not just at the individual level but at the policy level. Destinations, tour operators, and other hospitality organizations would position their product in a potentially more transformative way if they know the causes and outcomes of travel-related transformations.
Classification of Wheat Rootstock and Their Hybrids According to Color Features by Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Sönmez Mesut Ersin , Sabancı Kadir , Aydın Nevzat
Published: June 2022

Accurate classification of wheat varieties has a large economic market in the world is enabled both high income in the market and the development of new fertile hybrids for changing weather conditions due to global warming. In this study, instead of using the conventional classification method, we extracted color features of the 1400 durum wheat grain samples, consisting of Ahmetbugdayi, Cesare and their hybrids BC1F6 and BC2F5, by using image processing techniques. For the color features, every twelve channels of four different color spaces were used and square-shaped samples were taken from the center of all the grains in these channels of images. the averages of the channel pixels values were used as color features. Then six different machine learning algorithms were employed for the classification task. ANN, SVM and DT models achieved more than 0.99 accuracies. On the other hand, k-NN and RF model reached approximately 0.99 accuracies. According to our results, in addition to different wheat varieties, also sibling hybrid seeds can be classified with high accuracy according to their color characteristics by the methods we proposed.
Constructing Liveness. Explorando la presentación artificial de la actuación en vivo en YouTube
Authors: Harris Taran
Published: June 2022

Las plataformas de compartición de video en línea se encuentran en medio de una cultura de "creatividad vernácula", desde el lanzamiento de la plataforma YouTube en 2005 como un lugar para "transmitir a uno mismo". Con este prestigio social de autenticidad y liveness, así como la adición de capacidades de transmisión en directo en los últimos años, la incorporación de tecnologías de manipulación y puesta en escena de audio en la producción de contenido ha desdibujado la transparencia y la intención de la actuación en línea. Este paper sugiere el concepto de "liveness construido" para problematizar la presentación de una actuación pregrabada como contenido de actuación en directo en YouTube. Esta presentación de una interpretación musical pregrabada y producida como una interpretación en directo "no manipulada" por medio del lenguaje, la configuración visual y las presunciones culturales existentes, no lleva relación con la investigación de videos musicales, ya que la composición estética de dichos videos pretende proyectar un carácter informal de la cultura vlog en lugar de la de un video musical producido. Al examinar la convergencia de los elementos audiovisuales en el contexto de la cultura blog, se puede analizar cómo los marcadores de la liveness, como por ejemplo los instrumentos y los micrófonos, sugieren una intención evidente de reproducir una interpretación en directo, y el diálogo informal ayuda a construir un escenario natural y genuino. Cuando estos elementos visuales de la interpretación en directo se yuxtaponen mediante el uso de sonidos pregrabados o post producidos, los problemas de transparencia de la producción problematizan la recepción del contenido. Este paper utilizará como ejemplo estudios de casos audiovisuales para resaltar aspectos particulares de la creación de contenido que problematizan los conceptos de autenticidad y liveness en línea.
Fraile, T. & de las Heras, B. (Eds.) (2019). La música en la pantalla. Intersecciones entre la historia y el sonido fílmico. Madrid: Editorial Síntesis, 184 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9171-367-8
Authors: Encabo Fernández Enrique
Published: June 2022

Reseña de libro
Two calibration models for compensation of the individual elements properties of self-emitting displays
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Basova O.A. ,   Institute for Information Transmission Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), Gladilin S.A. ,   Institute for Information Transmission Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), Grigoryev A.S. ,   Institute for Information Transmission Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), Nikolaev D.P. ,   Institute for Information Transmission Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute),   LLC "Smart Engines Service"
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we examine the applicability limits of different methods of compensation of the individual properties of self-emitting displays with significant non-uniformity of chromaticity and maximum brightness. The aim of the compensation is to minimize the perceived image non-uniformity. Compensation of the displayed image non-uniformity is based on minimizing the perceived distance between the target (ideally displayed) and the simulated image displayed by the calibrated screen. The S-CIELAB model of the human visual system properties is used to estimate the perceived distance between two images. In this work, we compare the efficiency of the channel-wise and linear (with channel mixing) compensation models depending on the models of variation in the characteristics of display elements (subpixels). It was found that even for a display with uniform chromatic subpixels characteristics, the linear model with channel mixing is superior in terms of compensation accuracy.
The methodology for obtaining nonlinear and continuous three-dimensional topographic data using inertial and optical measuring instruments of unmanned ground systems
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Gunadarma University, Musa P. , Purwanto I. ,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Gunadarma University, Christie D.A. ,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Gunadarma University, Wibowo E.P. ,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Gunadarma University, Irawan R. ,   Faculty of Industrial Technology, Gunadarma University
Published: June 2022

Topography is the study of an area on the earth's surface. This term relates to the land's slope or contour, which is the interval of elevation differences between two adjacent and parallel contour lines. Topography generally presents a three-dimensional model of object surface relief and an identification of land or hilly areas based on horizontal coordinates such as latitude and longitude, and vertical position, namely elevation. The topography is essential information that must be provided in the execution of building or road construction based on the ground contour. The problem which is the ground contour which can provide visualization topography as a three-dimensional (3D) condition of the ground contour is not normal (non-linear). Another problem is that the traditional measurement techniques with wheel rotation only measure distances and cannot represent the trajectory of the ground contour in 3D. The proposed in-depth evaluation of orientation estimation results in the topography accuracy level. This methodology consists of several processes; Inertia and orientation of an object, Distance measurement, Terrestrial topocentric – Euclidean transformation, and Topography visualization. This research designed a prototype and proposed a new visualization method of the ground contours to reconstruct a topography map between three algorithms; Direct Cosine Matrix-3D Coordinate, Madgwick-3D Coordinate, and Complementary Filter. The methodology was tested and evaluated intensively by direct observation at three measurement locations with different difficulty levels. As a result, the Direct Cosine Matrix-3D Coordinate is able to visualize the ground contours by reconstructing a topography map much better than other methods.
Immunoinformatics Evaluation of a Fusion Protein Composed of Leishmania infantum LiHyV and Phlebotomus kandelakii Apyrase as a Vaccine Candidate against Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Fayaz Shima , Bahrami Fariborz , Fard-Esfahani Pezhman , Parvizi Parviz , Bahramali Golnaz , Ajdary Soheila
Published: June 2022

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a lethal parasitic disease, transmitted by sand fly vectors. Immunomodulatory properties of sand fly saliva proteins and their protective effects against Leishmania infection in pre-exposed animals suggest that a combination of an antigenic salivary protein along with a Leishmania antigen can be considered for designing a vaccine against leishmaniasis
Methods: Three different fusion forms of L. infantum hypothetical protein (LiHyV) in combination with Phlebotomus kandelakii salivary apyrase (PkanAp) were subjected to in-silico analyses. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I and II epitopes in both humans and BALB/c mice were predicted. Antigenicity, immunogenicity, epitope conservancy, toxicity, and population coverage were also evaluated.
Results: Highly antigenic promiscuous epitopes consisting of truncated LiHyV (10-285) and full-length PkanAp (21-329) were identified in human and was named Model 1. This model contained 25 MHC-I and 141 MHC-II antigenic peptides which among them, MPANSDIRI and AQSLFDFSGLALDSN were fully conserved. LALDSNATV, RCSSALVSI, ALVSINVPL, SAVESGALF of MHC-I epitopes, and 28 MHC-II binding epitopes showed 60% conservancy among various clades. A population coverage with a rate of >75% in the Iranian population and >70% in the whole world was also identified.
Conclusion: Based on this in-silico approach, the predicted Model 1 could potentially be used as a vaccine candidate against VL.
A Triplex Nested PCR for Diagnosis of Plasmodium, Babesia and Toxoplasma in Blood to Promote Safety of Blood Transfusion Samples
Authors: Eskandarian Abbasali
Published: June 2022

Background: The risk of transmission of some infectious agents has always been an important life-threatening side effect of blood transfusion. The aim of this study was to develop a triplex nested PCR (tnPCR) to assess the presence of protozoan parasites Plasmodium, Toxoplasma and Babesia in blood samples concurrently. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of developed tnPCR method compared to gold standard methods were determined for all three parasite genera.
Methods: After selecting the genus level specific primers and setting up of tnPCR, blood samples were collected partially from Isfahan Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO). Some different samples from human and animal were tested by this method in comparison with the gold standard methods (microscopic method for Plasmodium, Babesia and ELISA for Toxoplasma) in 2021.
Results: This tnPCR works well and the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy, of this molecular method were all 100% for Plasmodium spp., 93.33%, 99.16%, 93.33%, 99.16% and 99.25% for Babesia spp. and 100%,98.5%, 85.72%, 98.5% and 100% for Toxoplasma gondii respectively compared to standard methods. In average there were 100%, 99.22%, 95.24%, 99.5% and 99.75% contingency for all three parasites (α<0.05). The designed and provided method can detect one, two, or all three potentially dangerous pathogens simultaneously in one tube and one-step, in biological specimens as well as blood.  
Conclusion: The developed tnPCR worked well. It could be recommended for facilitating test, saving time, reducing the expense and cross contamination, subsequently the promotion of blood transfusion safety.
Dual-Source Dual-Energy CT-Scan Confirms the Diagnosis of Ancient Hydatid Cysts Recovered from a Late Roman Burial in Amiens, France
Authors: Mowlavi Gholamreza , Shirani Shapour , Askari Zeynab , Dupouy-Camet Jean , Kacki Sacha , Fasihi Harandi Majid , Kargar Faranak , Bizhani Negar , Naddaf Saeid Reza
Published: June 2022

Background: Two calcified objects recovered from an adolescent in a burial site in Amiens, France, have been previously identified as hydatid cysts using thin-section petrography. The importance of ancient hydatidosis besides the value of these unique archeological excavated materials encouraged the authors to look at this attractive subject more interdisciplinary by implementing medical radiology.
Methods: In the current experiment, which has been carried out in the Radiology Department, Tehran Heart Center (THC), Tehran, Iran, the conventional and dual-energy dual-source CT-scan was used in studying the remaining structures of the two calcified masses. The imaging procedure was carried out based on X-Ray attenuation by two different tube voltages.
Results: A high concentration of calcium sediment in the cyst walls was revealed in Hounsfield units, the measuring of the elements in CT. Taking advantage of implementing this imaging technique the oxalate calcium was also shown as the dominant component of the samples. The results were all in favor of diagnosing hydatid cysts.
Conclusion: The achieved pictorial results in the present paper have highlighted the important role of CT scan as a noninvasive confirming technique in paleopathological investigations. Using Dual-source dual-energy CT-scan in reconfirming these previously identified hydatid cysts, is an encouraging message towards the necessity of sequential studies on invaluable biological excavated pieces.
Anticancer Activity of Hydatid Cyst Fluid along with Antigen B on Tumors Induced by 4T1 Breast Cancer Cell in a BALB/c Mice Model
Authors: Vafae Eslahi Aida , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Muhammad Hassan Zuhair , Dalimi Abdolhossein
Published: June 2022

Background: Studies on experimental model of cancer showed that hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) has antitumor activity. We aimed to investigate the effect of HCF and Antigen B (AgB) on 4T1 breast tumor cells in BALB/c mice.
Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Parasitology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran from 2019 to 2020. There were two control groups of BALB/c mice (one group were injected with aluminum sulfate and another group with PBS), and six groups, injected via the intraperitoneal route with 100, 300 and 500 μg/ml concentrations of HCF, AgB diluted in 100 μl PBS, and alum. Seven days after the last treatment, 7×105 4T1 cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of BALB/c mice.
Results: The difference between the mean size of the tumor in the case and control groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean level of cytokines between the case and control groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Our histopathological studies showed a reduction in both tumor volume and carcinogenesis in groups injected with 300 μg/ml HCF and 500 μg/ml AgB. The antitumor activity of HCF and AgB may be related to the immune responses against these antigens.
Conclusion: We suggest that polarization of the Th1/Th2 ratio toward the Th1 pathway occurred in groups injected with HCF and AgB. More comprehensive and precise experiments using different hydatid cyst components are required to investigate their prophylactic effects on breast cancer.
A Morinda royoc Root Extract and Fractions Exhibit Antigiardial Activity without Affecting Cell Viability
Authors: Quintal-Novelo Carlos , Valencia-Chan Lía , Chávez-González Antonieta , Rangel-Méndez Jorge , Moo-Puc Rosa
Published: June 2022

Background: The gastrointestinal parasite Giardia lamblia causes giardiasis. Its treatment with standard drugs produces side effects and improper treatment can generate resistant strains. New antigiardial compounds are needed. An analysis was done to identify the antigiardial activity of Morinda royoc, a plant used in traditional Mayan medicine to treat stomach and bowel pain. We aimed to assess the efficacy of M. royoc roots against G. lamblia and their effect on cells viability.
Methods: A methanol extract was done of the root and then fractionated. The extract and fractions were tested in vitro on G. lamblia trophozoites and their effect on cell viability was quantified by flow cytometry. The active extract and fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results: The hexane fraction exhibited potent activity against G. lamblia (IC50 = 0.08 µg/mL). Its principal component was an anthraquinone-type compound. None of the fractions were toxic to human promyelocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and human mononuclear cells.
Conclusion: The medicinal plant M. royoc contains promising bioactive agents with antigiardial activity and deserves further research.
Endoscopic Recognition and Management of Trichuris vulpis In-duced Colitis in Three Dogs: A Case Report
Authors: Bhavani Mohan Sandhya , Santhanakumar Kavitha , Bhat Abid Ali
Published: June 2022

Trichuris vulpis is a relatively common cause of canine large bowel disease leading to chronic diarrhea. Faecal analysis is negative most of the times due to long prepatent period and eggs may be shed intermittently. This case study done at Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India from 2014 to 2018 describes the usefulness of endoscopy in diagnosing the colitis due to presence of T. vulpis worms. Three dogs presented with haematochezia and tenesmus were subjected to detailed clinical examination. As the faecal examination was negative and there was no improvement on initial therapy endoscopy was performed. Numerous T. vulpis whipworms were found attached to the colon mucosa on endoscopic examination. Multiple bleeding ulcerated sites were observed throughout the colon. The dog was treated with oral febental, praziquantal and pyrantal combination tablets (Drontal Plus). Clinical improvement was observed within a week.
The Impact of Natural Disasters on Income Inequality in Indonesia
Authors: Brata Aloysius Gunadi
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between natural disasters and income inequality in Indonesia, a developing country with a high risk of natural hazards and high population densities in disaster-prone regions.
Methods: This paper used cross-province panel data during the period between 2010 and 2016. Natural disasters data were obtained from Indonesia National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB), while Gini index data as an indicator of income inequality were obtained from Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). To estimate the impact of natural disasters on income inequality, this paper used a fixed effect regression model.
Results: It was found that the lagged variable of natural disasters positively affected the Gini index. The coefficient of this variable was 0.0093 at a significance level of 5%. It indicated that natural disasters worsen income inequality. This study also showed that natural disasters that negatively affected the Gini index were hydrological disasters in year t (between  -0.0179 and -0.0199 at a significance level of 0.1%).  Meanwhile, meteorological disasters tended to increase income inequality in the subsequent years. The coefficients were 0.0282 and 0.0187, and were statistically significant at least 5%. In addition, meteorological disasters consistently affected income distribution in all Western Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, and Bali) and other islands. The coefficients were 0.0205 and 0.0510 at a significance level of 5% indicating that meteorological disasters tended to increase inequality in income distribution.
But these climatological disasters had a negative impact on income distribution in other islands in years t and t-1 (-0.0192 and -0.0680 at the significance level of 1% and 5%, respectively). 
Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that designing policies to deal with inequality at the regional level should also concern the different influences of various natural disasters on income inequality.
Attitude, Knowledge, and Practice Response of Nurses during COVID-19 Outbreak in Military Hospital, 2021
Authors: Nejadshafiee Mahdiye
Published: June 2022

Introduction: COVID- 19 outbreak was a threat and opportunity for health care systems. Nurses play an important role in COVID-19 pandemic management. Inadequate knowledge, inappropriate attitude and, practice response among nurses might lead to delayed care, and result in the rapid spread of infection. Therefore, this study aims to determine the attitude, knowledge, and practice response among nurses towards the COVID-19 outbreak.
Methods: This cross- sectional, descriptive study was conducted at a military hospital (Seyed Alshohada Hospital), based a on census sampling method in Kerman, Iran. Data were collected from January to February, 2021, using a self- report questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 122 nurses. Data were imported to SPSS v.17 for analysis.
Results: A total of 99 nurses participated in this study. Knowledge, attitude, and practice scores towards COVID- 19 were good. According to the data obtained, the majority had a bachelor, s degree, and most respondents were women (68%). The result of this study showed that 98% took practical infection prevention measures towards COVID-19. Also, our findings indicated that 91% of the study participants had favorable attitudes towards COVID-19.
Discussion: Results showed that participants were knowledgeable, held positive attitudes, and took effective measures for COVID-19. COVID-19 pandemic and other novel diseases are a challenge for all health systems; therefore, it is necessary to enhance knowledge and skills of nurses.
DAKWAH DIGITAL UNTUK GENERASI MILENIAL : STUDI ATAS PRAKTIK DAKWAH DI KOMUNITAS OMAH NGAJI, SURAKARTA
Authors: Kristina Ayu
Published: June 2022

AbstractTechnological progress has made the propaganda model more rapidly and dynamically developed. It is undeniable that content smells of radicalism, extremism is very quickly spread and able to enter all lines. So, the counter needs to bring fresh air like the Omah Ngaji Community. This study was conducted to find out how religion was understood and practiced by millennial generations and how da'wah was carried out in the millennial era. With a qualitative descriptive approach, through in-depth interviews of (5) informants determined based on purposive sampling the results of the study showed that religion was interpreted as a guideline for human life so as not to cause chaos. The delivery of religion in da'wah through the study of taklim, social media, and psychology emphasis to counter hate speech. That is the reason for the emergence of digital da'wah by 'ustad gaul' who are technologically literate AbstrakKemajuan  teknologi  mengakibatkan  model  dakwah  semakin  bekembang  pesat  dan  dinamis.  Tidak  bisa dipungkiri bahwa konten-konten berbau radikalisme, ekstrimisme sangat cepat menyebar dan mampu masuk ke  semua  lini.  Maka,  perlu counter  yang  membawa  angin  segar  seperti  Komunitas  Omah  Ngaji.  Studi  ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana agama dipahami dan dipraktikkan generasi milenial dan bagaimana dakwah dilakukan di era milenial. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, melalui wawancara mendalam (in depth interview) dari (5) informan yang ditentukan berdasarkan purposive sampling hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa  agama  dimaknai  sebagai  pedoman  hidup  manusia  agar  tidak  melakukan  kekacauan.  Penyampaian agama  dalam  dakwah  melalui  pengajian  taklim,  media  sosial,  dan  pendekatan  psikologi  untuk  menangkal jjalan Lebencian. Icj1ah a1asan mjncj1nya daLwah digica1 o1eh ‘jscad gaj1’ yang me1eL ceLno1ogi
Educating Housekeeping Staff to Encourage a Culture Supportive of Breastfeeding
Authors: Blumenfeld Julie , Miller Melanie
Published: June 2022

Latina women breastfeed at high rates immediately postpartum but also frequently introduce formula. Formula negatively affects breastfeeding, and maternal and child health. The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) has been shown to improve breastfeeding outcomes. A BFHI-designated hospital must facilitate lactation education for clinical and non-clinical personnel. Housekeepers, often the sole hospital employees sharing the linguistic and cultural heritage of Latina patients, have frequent patient interactions. This pilot project at a community hospital in New Jersey investigated Spanish-speaking housekeeping staff’s attitudes and knowledge regarding breastfeeding before and after implementing a lactation education program. After the training the housekeeping staff overall had more positive attitudes toward breastfeeding. This may, in the short-term, contribute to a hospital culture more supportive of breastfeeding.