bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparable antibacterial effects and action mechanisms of silver and iron oxide nanoparticles on Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Gabrielyan Lilit , Badalyan Hamlet , Gevorgyan Vladimir , Trchounian Armen
Published: August 2020

The current research reports the antibacterial effects of silver (Ag) and citric acid coated iron oxide (Fe3O4) NPs on Escherichia coli wild type and kanamycin-resistant strains, as well as on Salmonella typhimurium MDC1759. NPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against these bacteria, but antibacterial effect of Ag NPs is more pronounced at low concentrations. Ag NPs inhibited 60–90% of S. typhimurium and drug-resistant E. coli. The latter is more sensitive to Fe3O4 NPs than wild type strain: the number of bacterial colonies is decreased ~ 4-fold. To explain possible mechanisms of NPs action, H+-fluxes through the bacterial membrane and the H+-translocating FOF1-ATPase activity of bacterial membrane vesicles were studied. N,N′-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-sensitive ATPase activity was increased up to ~ 1.5-fold in the presence of Fe3O4 NPs. ATPase activity was not detected by Ag NPs even in the presence of DCCD, which confirms the bactericidal effect of these NPs. The H+-fluxes were changed by NPs and by addition of DCCD. H2 yield was inhibited by NPs; the inhibition by Ag NPs is stronger than by Fe3O4 NPs. NPs showed antibacterial effect in bacteria studied in concentration-dependent manner by changing in membrane permeability and membrane-bound enzyme activity. The FOF1-ATPase is suggested might be a target for NPs.
An overview of therapeutic anticancer drug monitoring based on surface enhanced (resonance) Raman spectroscopy (SE(R)RS)
Authors: Li Chunchun , Ye Ziwei , Xu Yikai , Bell Steven E. J.
Published: August 2020

Recent progress in applying surface-enhanced (resonance) Raman spectroscopy as a novel technique for therapeutic monitoring of anticancer drugs are discussed.
Plasmid-loadable magnetic/ultrasound-responsive nanodroplets with a SPIO-NP dispersed perfluoropentane core and lipid shell for tumor-targeted intracellular plasmid delivery
Authors: Dong Wei , Huang Anqi , Huang Jixiu , Wu Pengying , Guo Shifang , Liu Huasheng , Qin Mengfan , Yang Xinxing , Zhang Bo , Wan Mingxi , Zong Yujin
Published: August 2020

Using ultrasound activating contrast agents to induce sonoporation is a potential strategy for effective lesion-targeted gene delivery.
Accelerating gas–liquid chemical reactions in flow
Authors: Han Suyong , Kashfipour Marjan Alsadat , Ramezani Mahdi , Abolhasani Milad
Published: August 2020

Tubular membrane-based flow reactors have emerged as a powerful tool for accelerated fundamental and applied studies of gas–liquid reactions, offering facile gas delivery and process intensification.
β-Lactamase triggered visual detection of bacteria using cephalosporin functionalized biomaterials
Authors: Alkekhia Dahlia , Safford Hannah , Shukla Shashank , Hopson Russel , Shukla Anita
Published: August 2020

A chromogenic substrate of β-lactamases, key antibiotic resistance enzymes, is readily conjugated to polymers and incorporated into biomaterials providing visual detection of bacteria.
High mechanical strength and broad optical absorption in underexplored group IV nitride chalcogenides
Authors: Chang Yee Hui Robin
Published: August 2020

Structure–property relationship of new group 4 nitride chalcogenides is revealed.
Synthesis of Ar@C60 using molecular surgery
Authors: Bloodworth Sally , Hoffman Gabriela , Walkey Mark C. , Bacanu George R. , Herniman Julie M. , Levitt Malcolm H. , Whitby Richard J.
Published: August 2020

Synthesis of Ar@C60 is described, using a route in which high-pressure argon filling of an open-fullerene and photochemical desulfinylation are the key steps for >95% encapsulation of the noble gas.
Exploration of advanced porous organic polymers as a platform for biomimetic catalysis and molecular recognition
Authors: Zhang Pengcheng , Wang Sai , Ma Shengqian , Xiao Feng-Shou , Sun Qi
Published: August 2020

This Feature article summarizes our progress in the design of biomimetic POPs for catalysis and molecular recognition with enhanced performance.
Hierarchically macro–meso–microporous metal–organic framework for photocatalytic oxidation
Authors: Sha Yufei , Zhang Jianling , Tan Dongxing , Zhang Fanyu , Cheng Xiuyan , Tan Xiuniang , Zhang Bingxing , Han Buxing , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Jing
Published: August 2020

Here we demonstrate the synthesis of a macro–meso–microporous metal–organic framework for high-performance photocatalytic oxidation under mild conditions.
Bimetallic iron–tin catalyst for N2 to NH3 and a silyldiazenido model intermediate
Authors: Dorantes Michael J. , Moore James T. , Bill Eckhard , Mienert Bernd , Lu Connie C.
Published: August 2020

A new tin-supported iron complex catalyzes N2 fixation. The role of this heavy main group element in the catalysis is evaluated.
Drug–drug cocrystals of anticancer drugs erlotinib–furosemide and gefitinib–mefenamic acid for alternative multi-drug treatment
Authors: P. George Christy , Thorat Shridhar H. , Shaligram Parth S. , P. R. Suresha , Gonnade Rajesh G.
Published: August 2020

Drug–drug cocrystals of anticancer drugs erlotinib and gefitinib with furosemide and mefenamic acid, respectively, have been synthesized, characterized and their solubilities and dissolution rates were correlated with crystal structures.
Pyridinium modification of a hexaazaphenalene skeleton: structure and spectroelectrochemical analysis
Authors: Deekamwong Krittanun , Usov Pavel M. , Ohtsu Hiroyoshi , Kawano Masaki
Published: August 2020

N-Alkylation of tris(4-pyridyl) hexaazaphenalene (TPHAP) anions afforded corresponding pyridinium derivatives.
From the Linnett–Gillespie model to the polarization of the spin valence shells of metals in complexes
Authors: Ramírez-Palma David I. , Cortés-Guzmán Fernando
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we present a novel approach to track the origin of the metal complex structure from the topology of the α and β spin densities as an extension of the Linnett–Gillespie model.
On-the-fly determination of active region centers in adaptive-partitioning QM/MM
Authors: Yang Zeng-hui
Published: August 2020

The QM/MM partition is determined on-the-fly using any geometrical property as a criterion, while satisfying energy conservation.
Emerging metal ion-coordinated black phosphorus nanosheets and black phosphorus quantum dots with excellent stabilities
Authors: Jiang Xiaowen , Jin Hui , Gui Rijun
Published: August 2020

Emerging metal-ion-coordinated M@BPNSs and M@BPQDs were prepared and exhibited excellent microstructure, fluorescence and photothermal conversion stability.
How to make an efficient gas-phase heterogeneous CO2 hydrogenation photocatalyst
Authors: Yan Tingjiang , Li Na , Wang Linlin , Liu Qin , Ali Feysal M. , Wang Lu , Xu Yangfan , Liang Yan , Dai Ying , Huang Baibiao , You Jinmao , Ozin Geoffrey A.
Published: August 2020

rh/c-In2O3−x(OH)y with precisely adjustable fractions of rhombohedral and cubic phases were synthesized and enabled boosting photocatalytic performance toward CO2 hydrogenation.
Surface quinone-induced formation of aqueous reactive sulfur species controls pine wood biochar-mediated reductive dechlorination of hexachloroethane by sulfide
Authors: Yin Shujun , Wei Chenhui , Zhu Dongqiang
Published: August 2020

The surface quinone moieties on biochar serve as one-electron acceptors to turn sulfide into polysulfides and polysulfide free radicals which dominate hexachloroethane reduction.
Insight into the pressure-induced displacement mechanism for selecting efficient nanofluids in various capillaries
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Zhiliang , Zhang Jun , He Jianying
Published: August 2020

A pressure-induced displacement mechanism in hydrophobic and hydrophilic capillaries.
Formation and growth of sub-3 nm particles in megacities: impact of background aerosols
Authors: Deng Chenjuan , Cai Runlong , Yan Chao , Zheng Jun , Jiang Jingkun
Published: August 2020

In polluted urban environments, background aerosols govern the formation and growth of sub-3 nm particles.
Factors impacting lipid digestion and β-carotene bioaccessibility assessed by standardized gastrointestinal model (INFOGEST): oil droplet concentration
Authors: Tan Yunbing , Zhang Zhiyun , Zhou Hualu , Xiao Hang , McClements David Julian
Published: August 2020

The impact of oil droplet concentration on lipid digestion and vitamin bioaccessibility was measured using the INFOGEST method.
Generation of ionic liquid tolerant Pseudomonas putida KT2440 strains via adaptive laboratory evolution
Authors: Lim Hyun Gyu , Fong Bonnie , Alarcon Geovanni , Magurudeniya Harsha D. , Eng Thomas , Szubin Richard , Olson Connor A. , Palsson Bernhard O. , Gladden John M. , Simmons Blake A. , Mukhopadhyay Aindrila , Singer Steven W. , Feist Adam M.
Published: August 2020

Pseudomonas putida KT2440, a promising microbial platform for industrial biotechnology was tolerized to low-cost biomass decomposing ionic liquids via the adaptive laboratory evolution.
A facile approach to achieve multifunctional polyethylene terephthalate fabrics with durable superhydrophobicity, photocatalysis and self-quenched flame retardance
Authors: Lan Yanrong , Wang Yingchun , Zhang Han , Shan Peng , Shi Xiaomeng , Long Mengying
Published: August 2020

Multifunctional PET fabrics were fabricated through combing layer-by-layer and spray coating methods.
Multi-modal imaging probe for assessing the efficiency of stem cell delivery to orthotopic breast tumours
Authors: Zaw Thin May , Allan Helen , Bofinger Robin , Kostelec Tomas D. , Guillaume Simon , Connell John J. , Patrick P. Stephen , Hailes Helen C. , Tabor Alethea B. , Lythgoe Mark F. , Stuckey Daniel J. , Kalber Tammy L.
Published: August 2020

Illustration of adipose-derived stem cells with tri-modal imaging capabilities for evaluating the efficiency of cell delivery to tumours.
Weak carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions in membrane adhesion are fuzzy and generic
Authors: Kav Batuhan , Grafmüller Andrea , Schneck Emanuel , Weikl Thomas R.
Published: August 2020

Carbohydrates at membrane interfaces interactviaa diversity of binding conformations which depends on the separation of the membranes.
A comprehensive study of the multiple effects of Y/Al substitution on O3-type NaNi0.33Mn0.33Fe0.33O2 with improved cycling stability and rate capability for Na-ion battery applications
Authors: Li Na , Wu Kang , Lee Yu Lin , Rongbin Dang , Deng Xin , Hu Zhongbo , Xiao Xiaoling
Published: August 2020

The relationship between bond energy and electrochemical performance was studied through substituting Mn in O3-NaNi0.33Mn0.33Fe0.33O2 oxide with Y and Al.
Organic micro/nanoscale materials for photonic barcodes
Authors: Hou Yue , Gao Zhenhua , Zhao Yong Sheng , Yan Yongli
Published: August 2020

This review summarizes recent advances in micro/nanoscale photonic barcodes based on organic materials from the aspects of diverse optical encoding techniques.
Fabrication of salicylic acid nanosphere for long-term induced immunity performance
Authors: Feng Chao , Tian Xingling , Wang Xiaoqiang , Cui Mengmeng , Xu Chuantao , Wang Weimin , Wang Wei
Published: August 2020

We synthesised a silicon dioxide nanosphere with a novel nanostructure by loading salicylic acid (SA) as a plant disease resistance inductor to prolong plant life.
Synthesis of narrow-band curled carbon nitride nanosheets with high specific surface area for hydrogen evolution from water splitting by low-temperature aqueous copolymerization to form copolymers
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Zhang Zhendong , Zhang Deguang , Wang Runwei , Zhang Zongtao , Qiu Shilun
Published: August 2020

Curled carbon nitride nanosheets with narrow-band gap for ultra-high hydrogen production efficiency.
Polymers prepared through an “ATRP polymerization–esterification” strategy for dual temperature- and reduction-induced paclitaxel delivery
Authors: Xu JingWen , Cui ZhuoMiao , Ge Xin , Luo YanLing , Xu Feng
Published: August 2020

A dual temperature- and reduction-responsive nanovehicle with 29.36% paclitaxel loading was fabricated using an “ATRP polymerization–esterification” method for tumor suppression.
Protein-mediated sponge-like copper sulfide as an ingenious and efficient peroxidase mimic for colorimetric glucose sensing
Authors: Liu Yan , Jin Haijia , Zou Wenting , Guo Rong
Published: August 2020

Strenuous efforts have been made to develop nanozymes for achieving the performance of natural enzymes, but the fabrication of high-performance and biocompatible nanozymes via facile and versatile approaches has always been a great challenge.
Recovery of yttrium and europium from spent fluorescent lamps using pure levulinic acid and the deep eutectic solvent levulinic acid–choline chloride
Authors: Pateli Ioanna M. , Abbott Andrew P. , Binnemans Koen , Rodriguez Rodriguez Nerea
Published: August 2020

Yttrium and europium are selectively recovered from spent fluorescent lamps using levulinic acid-based solvents.
Preparation of cationic proteoliposomes using cell-free membrane protein synthesis: the chaperoning effect of cationic liposomes
Authors: Ando Mitsuru , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Akiyoshi Kazunari
Published: August 2020

The preparation method of cationic proteoliposomes is established using a cell-free membrane protein synthesis in the presence of cationic liposomes.
A highly sensitive fluorescent immunosensor for sensitive detection of nuclear matrix protein 22 as biomarker for early stage diagnosis of bladder cancer
Authors: Othman Hazha Omar , Salehnia Foad , Fakhri Neda , Hassan Rebwar , Hosseini Morteza , Faizullah Azad , Ganjali Mohammad Reza , Kazem Aghamir Seyed Mohammad
Published: August 2020

A novel strategy is reported for highly sensitive, rapid, and selective detection of nuclear matrix protein NMP22 using two-color quantum dots based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
Diverse ring-opening reactions of rhodium η4-azaborete complexes
Authors: Heß Merlin , Stennett Tom E. , Fantuzzi Felipe , Bertermann Rüdiger , Schock Marvin , Schäfer Marius , Thiess Torsten , Braunschweig Holger
Published: August 2020

Rhodium η4-azaborete complexes can be transformed into a variety of species with ring-opened, BN-containing ligands by treatment with Lewis bases.
Regulation of intrinsic physicochemical properties of metal oxide nanomaterials for energy conversion and environmental detection applications
Authors: Chen Li , Liu Zhonggang , Guo Zheng , Huang Xing-Jiu
Published: August 2020

The intrinsic physicochemical properties of metal oxide nanomaterials are reviewed from batch experiments to DFT and XAFS analyses.
Functional characterization of a special dicistronic transcription unit encoding histone methyltransferase su(var)3-9 and translation regulator eIF2γ in Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Song Xiaowen , Zhong Qisheng , Peng Guifang , Ji Yanhao , Zhang Yuemei , Tang Jing , Xie Jia , Bi Jingxiu , Feng Fan , Li Bin
Published: August 2020

Operons are rare in eukaryotes, where they often allow concerted expression of functionally related genes. While a dicistronic transcription unit encoding two unrelated genes, the suppressor of position-effect variegation su(var)3-9 and the gamma subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2γ) has been found in insecta, and its significance is not well understood. Here, we analyzed the evolutionary history of this transcription unit in arthropods and its functions by using model Coleoptera insect Tribolium castaneum. In T. castaneum, Tcsu(var)3-9 fused into the 80 N-terminal amino acids of TceIF2γ, the transcription of these two genes are resolved by alternative splicing. Phylogenetic analysis supports the natural gene fusion of su(var)3-9 and eIF2γ occurred in the ancestral line of winged insects and silverfish, but with frequent re-fission during the evolution of insects. Functional analysis by using RNAi for these two genes revealed that gene fusion did not invoke novel functions for the gene products. As a histone methyltransferase, Tcsu(var)3-9 is primarily responsible for H3K9 di-, and tri-methylation and plays important roles in metamorphosis and embryogenesis in T. castaneum. While TceIF2γ plays essential roles in T. castaneum by positively regulating protein translation mediated ecdysteroid biosynthesis. The vulnerability of the gene fusion and totally different role of su(var)3-9 and eIF2γ in T. castaneum confirm this gene fusion is a non-selected, constructive neutral evolution event in insect. Moreover, the positive relationship between protein translation and ecdysteroid biosynthesis gives new insights into correlations between translation regulation and hormonal signaling.
MIR17HG polymorphism (rs7318578) is associated with liver cancer risk in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Chao Xu , Feng Xuesong , Shi Hailong , Wang Yuewen , Wang Lanlan , Shen Haiyu , Zha Qing , Chen Yanni , Jiang Chao
Published: August 2020

Numerous evidence has revealed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with liver cancer risk. To assess whether the MIR17HG polymorphisms are associated with the liver cancer risk in the Chinese Han population, we performed a case–control (432 liver cancer patients and 430 healthy controls) study. Genotyping of four variants of MIR17HG was performed with the Agena MassARRAY platform. We used χ2 test to compare the distribution of SNPs allele and genotypes frequencies of cases and controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association under genetic models. The results indicated that the rs7318578 was significantly associated with increased the risk of liver cancer in the allele (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.18–1.77, P=3.04E-04), recessive (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 2.45–5.56, P=4.52E-10) and additive model (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.62, P=0.001). Moreover, we found that individuals with the genotype CC of rs7318578 presented with an increased risk of liver cancer (OR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.98–4.65, P=3.83E-07); however, the CA genotype of rs7318578 significantly decreased the risk of liver cancer (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.83, P=0.001, compared with those with the AA genotype. Our findings indicated that MIR17HG polymorphism (rs7318578) contributes to liver cancer susceptibility to the Chinese Han population. Further studies with larger samples are required to confirm the results, as well as functional studies to determine the role of this SNP in miRNA expression or molecular pathways.
Analysis of the age-structured epidemiological characteristics of SARS-COV-2 transmission in mainland China: An aggregated approach
Authors: Yang Junyuan , Wang Guoqiang , Zhang Shuo , Xu Fei , Li Xuezhi
Published: August 2020

The novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) has raged in mainland China for nearly three months resulting in a huge threat to people’s health and economic development. According to the cumulative numbers of confirmed cases and deathes of SARS-COV-2 infection announced by the National Health Commission of China, we divided the human population into four subgroups including the adolescents group (0–19 yr old), the youth group (20–49 yr old), the middle-aged group (50–74 yr old) and the elderly group (over 75 yr old), and proposed a discrete age-structured SEIHRQ SARS-COV-2 transmission model. We utilized contact matrixes to describe the contact heterogeneities and correlations among different age groups. Adopting the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm, we identified the parameters of the model and fitted the confirmed cases from January 24th to March 31st. Through a more in-depth study, we showed that before January 28th (95% CI [Feb. 25th, Feb. 31st]), the effective reproduction number was greater than 1 and after that day its value was less than 1. Moreover, we estimated that the peak values of infection were 66 (95% CI [65,67]) for the adolescents, 3996 (95% CI [3957,4036]) for the young group, 14714 (95% CI [14692,14735]) for middle-aged group and 297 (95% CI [295,300]) for elderly people, respectively; the proportions of the final sizes of SARS-COV-2 infection accounted for less than 90% for each group. We found that under the current restricted control strategies, the most severe and high-risk group was middle-aged people aged between 50–74 yr old; without any prevention, the most severe and high-risk group had become the young adults aged 20–49 yr old.
The influence of the species on the quality, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of pumpkin seed oil
Authors: Boujemaa Ihssan , El Bernoussi Sara , Harhar Hicham , Tabyaoui Mohamed
Published: August 2020

Oilseed pumpkin seeds are known to be rich in oil and nutrients. Their content in bioactive components gives them some assets that make them beneficial for human health. Although commonly consumed as a snack, pumpkin seeds are ready to claim more uses. The identification of pumpkin species is a major resource in this study. Thus, we worked with three pumpkin species: Cucurbita maxima (CMa), Cucurbita moschata (CMo) and Cucurbita pepo (CP). The species effect on the chemical composition, the content of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity was studied. As a result, the analysis of pumpkin seed oil revealed a polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content ranging from 52.23% to 57.65%. Our study also revealed that this oil was a good source of phenolic compounds, in particular CMa with a value of 27.52 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of methanolic extract and 633.51 mg/kg of total tocopherols, which gives it a very strong antioxidant character. In addition, it showed a high antioxidant potency (126.20 ± 20.44) μg/ml for CMa. In this respect, it can be said that the species effect can be a very important factor influencing the nutritional quality of pumpkin seed oil.
Monoklonale Antikörper gegen CGRP oder den CGRP-Rezeptor in der Migräneprophylaxe
Authors: Kukowski Borries
Published: August 2020

Die Charakterisierung von calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) als Schlüsselmolekül in der Pathophysiologie der Migräne hat nicht nur unser Verständnis der Erkrankung, sondern auch die Entwicklung neuer Therapien vorangetrieben. Seit kurzem steht mit den monoklonalen Antikörpern gegen CGRP oder den CGRP-Rezeptor eine spezifische und hoch selektive Option für die medikamentöse Prophylaxe der episodischen und chronischen Migräne zur Verfügung, die in zahlreichen klinischen Studien ihre Überlegenheit gegenüber Placebo belegt hat. Hier werden Erfahrungen aus dem praktischen Behandlungsalltag zur kurz- und mittelfristigen Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit mitgeteilt und weitere Aspekte wie Therapiewechsel bei Non-Response, Verlauf nach Therapieende und die Frage des Wirkungsortes unter Einbeziehung bereits publizierter Daten angesprochen.
Kopfschmerz im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Wöber-Bingöl Çiçek
Published: August 2020

Wiederkehrende Kopfschmerzen zählen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen zu den häufigsten Beschwerden und manifestieren sich am häufigsten als Migräne und Spannungskopfschmerz. In diesem Artikel werden die Epidemiologie, Differenzialdiagnose, das klinische Bild, Auslöser, Begleiterkrankungen und Therapie mit Schwerpunkt auf Migräne vermittelt und geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede wie auch altersspezifische Besonderheiten dargestellt.
Effect of KCNH6 on Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Glucose
Metabolism
Authors: Lu Jing , Shen Han , Li Qi , Xiong Feng-Ran , Yuan Ming-Xia , Yang Jin-Kui
Published: August 2020

Adult patients with a dysfunctional ether-a-go-go 2 (hERG2) protein, which is
encoded by the KCNH6 gene, present with hyperinsulinemia and
hyperglycemia. However, the mechanism of KCNH6 in glucose metabolism
disorders has not been clearly defined. It has been proposed that sustained
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely concerned with hepatic insulin
resistance and inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that Kcnh6 knockout
(KO) mice had impaired glucose tolerance and increased levels of hepatic
apoptosis, in addition to displaying an increased insulin resistance that was
mediated by high ER stress levels. By contrast, overexpression of KCNH6 in
primary hepatocytes led to a decrease in ER stress and apoptosis induced by
thapsigargin. Similarly, induction of Kcnh6 by tail vein injection into
KO mice improved glucose tolerance by reducing ER stress and apoptosis.
Furthermore, we show that KCNH6 alleviated hepatic ER stress, apoptosis, and
inflammation via the NFκB-IκB kinase (IKK) pathway both in vitro
and in vivo. In summary, our study provides new insights into the causes of ER
stress and subsequent induction of primary hepatocytes apoptosis.
Letter to the Editor: Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular
Health in Childhood Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: da Costa Ghignatti Paola Victória , Pereira de Lima Ricardo
Published: August 2020

Dear Editor,

International Journal of Sports Medicine

The analysis of the study entitled “Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular
Health in Childhood Cancer: a Meta-Analysis” 1 was very interesting. The authors of this meta-analysis aimed to
summarize the evidence on the effects of physical training intervention over three
weeks on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory outcomes in childhood cancer survivors
(CCS). In addition, they addressed endpoints related not only to cardiac structure
and function, but also to cardiorespiratory fitness.
Reply: Letter to the Editor: Exercise Interventions and
Cardiovascular Health in Childhood Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Morales Javier S. , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Herrera-Olivares Alba M. , Baño-Rodrigo Antonio , Castillo-García Adrián , Rincón-Castanedo Cecilia , Martín-Ruiz Asunción , San Juan Alejandro F. , Fiuza-Luces Carmen , Lucia Alejandro
Published: August 2020

Dear Editor

We sincerely appreciate the nice comments by Drs. P.V. da Costa Ghignatti and R.
Pereira de Lima 1 concerning our recent
meta-analysis assessing the effects of physical exercise interventions on
cardiovascular endpoints in childhood cancer survivors 2. They are quite right to remain that even
non-significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) might be
clinically relevant. Indeed, we still do not know if CRF increments of a
theoretically low magnitude (i. e., <1 metabolic
equivalent) might have a prognostic value in the context of pediatric cancer and
treatment-associated cardiotoxicity. We also agree that unsupervised exercise
interventions are unlikely to be as effective as tailored programs, especially
because the latter allow for intensity to being adequately controlled and thus
gradually increased. It is indeed our opinion, after long years of experience
working with children with cancer as well as with other debilitated clinical
populations, that there is always room for physiological improvement and ideally
loads should be gradually improved instead of remaining stable.
1,3-Diphenyldisiloxane Enables Additive-Free Redox Recycling Reactions and Catalysis with Triphenylphosphine
Authors: Aldrich Courtney C. , Buonomo Joseph A. , Cole Malcolm S. , Eiden Carter G.
Published: August 2020

The recently reported chemoselective reduction of phosphine oxides with 1,3-diphenyldisiloxane (DPDS) has opened up the possibility of additive-free phosphine oxide reductions in catalytic systems. Herein we disclose the use of this new reducing agent as an enabler of phosphorus redox recycling in Wittig, Staudinger, and alcohol substitution reactions. DPDS was successfully utilized in ambient-temperature additive-free redox recycling variants of the Wittig olefination, Appel halogenation, and Staudinger reduction. Triphenylphosphine-promoted catalytic recycling reactions were also facilitated by DPDS. Additive-free triphenylphosphine-promoted catalytic Staudinger reductions could even be performed at ambient temperature due to the rapid nature of phosphinimine reduction, for which we characterized kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. These results demonstrate the utility of DPDS as an excellent reducing agent for the development of phosphorus redox recycling reactions.
Predicting the Probability of Lymph Node Involvement with Prostate Cancer Nomograms: Can We Trust the Prediction Models?
Authors: Chavarriaga Julian , Barco-Castillo Catalina , Santander Jessica , Zuluaga Laura , Medina Camilo , Trujillo Carlos , Plata Mauricio , Caicedo Juan Ignacio
Published: August 2020

Introduction Prediction of lymph node involvement (LNI) is of paramount importance for patients with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Multiple statistical models predicting LNI have been developed to support clinical decision-making regarding the need of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). Our aim is to evaluate the prediction ability of the best-performing prediction tools for LNI in PCa in a Latin-American population.

Methods Clinicopathological data of 830 patients with PCa who underwent RP and ePLND between 2007 and 2018 was obtained. Only data from patients who had ≥ 10 lymph nodes (LNs) harvested were included (n = 576 patients). Four prediction models were validated using this cohort: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) web calculator, Briganti v.2017, Yale formula and Partin tables v.2016. The performance of the prediction tools was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).

Results The median age was 61 years old (interquartile range [IQR] 56–66), the median Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 6,81 ng/mL (IQR 4,8–10,1) and the median of LNs harvested was 17 (IQR 13–23), and LNI was identified in 53 patients (9.3%). Predictions from the 2017 Briganti nomogram AUC (0.85) and the Yale formula AUC (0.85) were the most accurate; MSKCC and 2016 Partin tables AUC were both 0,84.

Conclusion There was no significant difference in the performance of the four validated prediction tools in a Latin-American population compared with the European or North American patients in whom these tools have been validated. Among the 4 models, the Briganti v.2017 and Yale formula yielded the best results, but the AUC overlapped with the other validated models.
Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis: A Face-to-Radiograph-to-Gene Diagnosis
Authors: Arora Veronica , Bijarnia-Mahay Sunita , Saxena K. K. , Suman Praveen , Kukreja Shyam
Published: August 2020

Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis is an X-linked dominant bone dysplasia with osteosclerosis. It should be suspected in girls with macrocephaly, intellectual disability with unique facial dysmorphic features. We described the clinical and radiological profile of a patient with this rare disorder. A novel heterozygous variant was identified in the AMER1 gene which leads to premature truncation of the AMER1 protein. Facial gestalt recognition using artificial intelligence and radiographic features were used to narrow the differential diagnosis.
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: Clinical and Laboratory Profile in Children from Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Vegda Hemadri , Sugumar Kiruthiga , Narayanappa Gayathri , Srinivasan Varunvenkat M. , Santhoshkumar Rashmi , Bhat Maya , Balu Sam , Naveen Mohan Rao
Published: August 2020

Neuronal ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL), inherited disorders of lysosomal storage disorders, constitute the most common progressive encephalopathies with an incidence of 1.3 to 7 in 100,000 live births. We reported clinical, electrophysiological, radiological, ultrastructural, and molecular genetic features of NCL. This is a retrospective review, in a tertiary care center from January 2016 to December 2019. All children with clinical features of NCL and confirmed by pathogenic mutation and/or enzyme assay were included. A total of 60 children (male:female = 3:1) were studied. The commonest type was CLN 2 (41.7%). Neuroregression, seizures, and ataxia were present in all cases. Retinal arterial attenuation was seen in 38.33% cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain was abnormal in all patients, thalamic and caudate nucleus atrophy common in CLN1 (62%). Electroencephalography was abnormal in all children, but photoparoxysmal response at low intermittent photic stimulation frequencies was seen in four children of CLN2. Electron microscopy done in 43 children revealed abnormal inclusions in 20 (46.52%) children. Enzyme study showed low levels in 36 (78%) out of 46 cases. Of these, 21 had low tripeptidyl peptidase and 15 had low palmitoyl protein thioesterase levels. Molecular testing done in 26 cases showed pathogenic variant in 23 (88%) cases. Infantile onset with thalamic atrophy on MRI is common in CLN1 and refractory epilepsy, visual impairment and specific EEG changes are common in CLN2. These features are helpful in selecting enzyme assay for CLN1 versus CLN2. Electron microscopy helped in the diagnosis and genetic testing in subtyping. Thus, a multimode approach played a role in the diagnosis of NCL.
Moving back to the future of big data-driven research: reflecting on the social in genomics
Authors: Goisauf Melanie , Akyüz Kaya , Martin Gillian M.
Published: August 2020

With the advance of genomics, specific individual conditions have received increased attention in the generation of scientific knowledge. This spans the extremes of the aim of curing genetic diseases and identifying the biological basis of social behaviour. In this development, the ways knowledge is produced have gained significant relevance, as the data-intensive search for biology/sociality associations has repercussions on doing social research and on theory. This article argues that an in-depth discussion and critical reflection on the social configurations that are inscribed in, and reproduced by genomic data-intensive research is urgently needed. This is illustrated by debating a recent case: a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) on sexual orientation that suggested partial genetic basis for same-sex sexual behaviour (Ganna et al. 2019b). This case is analysed from three angles: (1) the demonstration of how, in the process of genomics research, societal relations, understandings and categorizations are used and inscribed into social phenomena and outcomes; (2) the exploration of the ways that the (big) data-driven research is constituted by increasingly moving away from theory and methodological generation of theoretical concepts that foster the understanding of societal contexts and relations (Kitchin 2014a). Big Data Soc and (3) the demonstration of how the assumption of ‘free from theory’ in this case does not mean free of choices made, which are themselves restricted by data that are available. In questioning how key sociological categories are incorporated in a wider scientific debate on genetic conditions and knowledge production, the article shows how underlying classification and categorizations, which are inherently social in their production, can have wide ranging implications. The conclusion cautions against the marginalization of social science in the wake of developments in data-driven research that neglect social theory, established methodology and the contextual relevance of the social environment.
Non-conformism as precursor for self-efficacy and well-being among schoolteachers in the Netherlands
Authors: Kodden Bas , van Ingen Ramon , Langeweg Stijn
Published: August 2020

In this study, a model is developed and tested to examine the influence of non-conformism and self-efficacy on affective well-being and burnout amongst 401 Dutch schoolteachers. The relationships between the level of non-conformism and self-efficacy and subsequently the level of affective well-being, and burnout are hypothesised. The results of this study showed that self-efficacy is positively related to affective well-being and strongly negatively related to burnout. The results of this study also showed non-conformism to be a significant predictor for self-efficacy. Because of the strategic importance of human capital in schools, it is important practitioners are provided with tangible suggestions, such as non-conformist behaviour, to improve self-efficacy and well-being.
The Wigner distribution of n arbitrary observables
Authors: Schwonnek René , Werner Reinhard F.
Published: August 2020

We study a generalization of the Wigner function to arbitrary tuples of Hermitian operators. We show that for any collection of Hermitian operators A1, …, An and any quantum state, there is a unique joint distribution on Rn with the property that the marginals of all linear combinations of the Ak coincide with their quantum counterparts. In other words, we consider the inverse Radon transform of the exact quantum probability distributions of all linear combinations. We call it the Wigner distribution because for position and momentum, this property defines the standard Wigner function. We discuss the application to finite dimensional systems, establish many basic properties, and illustrate these by examples. The properties include the support, the location of singularities, positivity, the behavior under symmetry groups, and informational completeness.
Validation of heat transport modeling using directly driven beryllium spheres
Authors: Farmer W. A. , Bruulsema C. , Swadling G. F. , Sherlock M. W. , Rosen M. D. , Rozmus W. , Edgell D. H. , Katz J. , Pollock B. B. , Ross J. S.
Published: August 2020

Recent experiments involving directly driven beryllium spheres are reported. Plasma conditions are measured using Thomson scattering with the probe beam pointed 200, 300, and 400 μm from the surface of the sphere. Laser coupling is assessed using calorimeters that collect scattered light placed at various locations within the target chamber. Laser intensities of 1014 W/cm2 and 2.5×1014 W/cm2 are chosen to minimize unmodeled laser-plasma interactions (LPIs) that lead to laser-target decoupling. Two-dimensional simulations are compared to the interpreted data using the radiation-hydrodynamics code Lasnex. Heat transport is simulated using flux-limited Spitzer–Harm with both high (f = 0.15) and low (f = 0.03) flux limiters and the Schurtz–Nicolai-Busquet (SNB) model. At 1014 W/cm2, all three heat transport models agree well with the measurement, demonstrating that the heat flux is local at low intensities near the measurement locations. At 2.5×1014 W/cm2, the SNB and high flux model roughly match the plasma conditions but predict 2% uncoupled light compared to 10% measured. The use of drive multipliers to match the measured coupled light does not alter the agreement between measured and simulated plasma conditions, suggesting that decoupling due to LPI is unlikely to alter this agreement. The low flux model cannot match the plasma conditions and results in 19% scattered light. The use of a resonant absorption model can be used to bring the simulated scattered light into agreement, but the simulated plasma conditions are still in disagreement with the measurement. For this reason, the low flux model is rejected.
Neutron production in cavity pressure acceleration of plasma objects
Authors: Chodukowski T. , Borodziuk S. , Rusiniak Z. , Cikhardt J. , Jach K. , Krasa J. , Rosinski M. , Terwinska D. , Dudzak R. , Pisarczyk T. , Swierczynski R. , Burian T. , Tchorz P. , Dostal J. , Szymanski M. , Pfeifer M. , Skala J. , Singh S. , Krupka M. , Krus M.
Published: August 2020

The laser-induced Cavity Pressure Acceleration (CPA) scheme [S. Borodziuk et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 231501 (2009)] allows for effective transformation of the laser energy into the kinetic energy of plasma streams and dense plasma objects. It has been proven that using long-wavelength laser beams, with relatively low energies (up to 500 J for λ1 = 1.315 µm and FWHM = 350 ps), it is possible to accelerate macroparticles to very high velocities (above 107 cm/s). The study of neutron yield showed the benefit of CPA in delivering ion temperatures and density sufficient to reach the thermonuclear region.
Effects of Mn corrosion on the magnetic properties of Ni81Fe19/Ir20Mn80 exchange biased thin films
Authors: Thongdee Supapich , Lekkla Peerapat , Supavasuthi Chakkrit , Sreethawong Thammanoon , Jantaratana Pongsakorn
Published: August 2020

The effects of antiferromagnetic corrosion on the magnetic properties of exchange biased thin films were studied. A Ni81Fe19/Ir20Mn80 bilayer was grown using DC sputtering. The crystal structure, microstructure, and magnetic properties of the samples were examined using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope along with energy dispersive spectrometer, and resonance-vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. XRD patterns revealed that the crystalline structure was (111) for both IrMn and NiFe layers. After magnetic field cooling, the room-temperature exchange bias field and coercive field were determined from hysteresis loops and no training effect was observed during the remagnetization process. The magnetic properties of the exchange biased bilayer strongly depended on the level of Mn corrosion in deionized (DI) water. A step-like magnetization curve was observed in the bilayer after soaking in DI water for 10 min. A detailed analysis of the magnetic moment response indicated an increase in the depth and area of corroded Mn with increasing soaking time. Trace amounts of Mn2+ in DI water, detected by a spectrophotometric technique using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol as an indicator, confirmed increasing Mn corrosion with increasing soaking time.
Cross-code comparison of the impact of the fill tube on high yield implosions on the National Ignition Facility
Authors: Haines Brian M. , Clark Daniel S. , Weber Christopher R. , Edwards M. John , Batha Steven H. , Kline John L.
Published: August 2020

Fill tubes are used to inject deuterium and tritium fuel into inertial confinement fusion capsules fielded on the National Ignition Facility. These fill tubes have been shown to have a detrimental effect on capsule performance, primarily by introducing a low-density pathway into the central fuel region that enables the jetting of ablation material into the hot spot. Due to the complexity of the highly nonlinear flow associated with the fill tube and the challenge of diagnosing the evolution of the fill tube jet late in the implosion experiments, the uncertainty in how this perturbation source evolves is great. Here, we report on the results of a detailed code comparison performed to understand uncertainties in computational modeling of the impact of fill tubes on implosion performance. The study employed two radiation-hydrodynamics codes, HYDRA and xRAGE, which employ very different meshing strategies and hydrodynamics solvers, as well as two radiation transport methodologies, discrete ordinates and multi-group diffusion. Our results demonstrate generally good agreement between codes through most of the implosion although they indicate sensitivity to opacity averaging methods. Late in the implosion, differences arise in the distribution and amount of contaminant although these differences have a remarkably small impact on the amount of yield reduction due to the fill tube. While these results demonstrate sensitivity in fill tube modeling to algorithmic choices, the observed differences between codes are small relative to known sensitivities due to expected variations in the fill tube geometry. Finally, we have developed a methodology for performing multi-group diffusion simulations that show good agreement with the more accurate discrete ordinates method.
Electrical readout of the antiferromagnetic state of IrMn through anomalous Hall effect
Authors: Asa M. , Rinaldi C. , Pazzocco R. , Petti D. , Albisetti E. , Bertacco R. , Cantoni M.
Published: August 2020

We report the electrical detection of the antiferromagnetic state of IrMn through anomalous Hall measurements in Ta/IrMn heterostructures. The magnetic state is set in the antiferromagnet through field cooling and detected electrically by transverse resistance measurements in Hall bar structures without the need for any ferromagnetic layer. The amplitude of the signal increases with the magnetic field applied during the cooling and is enhanced by the proximal interface with a Ta layer. From the temperature dependence of the effect and the comparison between Ta/IrMn and Ru/IrMn interfaces, we propose an explanation of such readouts based on the simultaneous occurrence of spin-Hall magnetoresistance and magnetic proximity in Ta. These findings highlight how interface effects could be generally employed for the investigation of antiferromagnetic materials as well as for the electrical readout of the antiferromagnetic state.
Proliferation of soliton, explosive, shocklike, and periodic ion-acoustic waves in Titan's ionosphere
Authors: Ahmed S. M. , Hassib E. R. , Abdelsalam U. M. , Tolba R. E. , Moslem W. M.
Published: August 2020

We report on many electrostatic nonlinear structures, namely, soliton, explosive, shocklike, and periodic waves, which may exist due to the dynamics of different ion species in Titan's ionosphere. Using the latest available observations of Titan at an altitude of ≈ 1300 km, the main ion components are HCNH+, C2H5+, and C3H5+. The dynamics of these waves are described by the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. Using the G′/G–expansion method, we obtain a class of solutions that elucidate these nonlinear structures. As the wave amplitude increases, both the width and velocity of the wave deviate from the prediction of the KdV equation. To describe the waves of larger amplitude, the higher-order dispersion has to be taken into account. The G′/G–expansion method is used, for the first time, to solve the KdV equation with higher-order dispersion. We compare between both KdV and higher-order dispersive KdV solutions, i.e., soliton, explosive, shocklike, and periodic waves.
Global phase-amplitude description of oscillatory dynamics via the parameterization method
Authors: Pérez-Cervera Alberto , M-Seara Tere , Huguet Gemma
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we use the parameterization method to provide a complete description of the dynamics of an n-dimensional oscillator beyond the classical phase reduction. The parameterization method allows us, via efficient algorithms, to obtain a parameterization of the attracting invariant manifold of the limit cycle in terms of the phase-amplitude variables. The method has several advantages. It provides analytically a Fourier–Taylor expansion of the parameterization up to any order, as well as a simplification of the dynamics that allows for a numerical globalization of the manifolds. Thus, one can obtain the local and global isochrons and isostables, including the slow attracting manifold, up to high accuracy, which offer a geometrical portrait of the oscillatory dynamics. Furthermore, it provides straightforwardly the infinitesimal phase and amplitude response functions, that is, the extended infinitesimal phase and amplitude response curves, which monitor the phase and amplitude shifts beyond the asymptotic state. Thus, the methodology presented yields an accurate description of the phase dynamics for perturbations not restricted to the limit cycle but to its attracting invariant manifold. Finally, we explore some strategies to reduce the dimension of the dynamics, including the reduction of the dynamics to the slow stable submanifold. We illustrate our methods by applying them to different three-dimensional single neuron and neural population models in neuroscience.