bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of thermal neutron flux and cadmium ratios using neutron activation analysis
Authors:   benghazi of unvistry, A. Tashani Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Irradiation of known foil samples in a reactor and subsequent measurement of induced activity allows determination of neutron flux. This is an important information for many purposes. It can be used reciprocally to determine contents of unknown samples irradiated at the same position in the reactor. On the other hand, neutron flux information is used in the assessment of a safe operation of nuclear power reactors. In the frame of this work, bare and cadmium covered foils of gold and dysprosium have been irradiated at different positions of the reactor. Induced activity measurements were made using a standard procedure. Thermal neutron flux and cadmium ratio values were determined for the irradiation positions.
Towards an extensive exploitation of solar PV technology in Libya: Legislative, economic and environmental considerations
Authors:   Department of Electrical Power Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology (CEET), Benghazi, Libya, A. Almaktar M.
Published: December 2023

This paper investigates the issue of investment inrenewable energy(RE)particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) as an electricity supplier and discusses the most important factors which af-fect the promotion and expansion of PV systems. The paper firstly provides a general overview ofLibyan conventional fuel resources, its electrical energy status, and solar energy potential in the country. In addition, most important international experiences on Feed-in Tariff (FiT) pol-icy are reviewed. The Libyan electricity tariff compared to the international electricity tariffs is also discussed. Furthermore, economic and environmental results of a small PV system in-stalled in Benghazi is analyzed using the Hybrid Optimization Model of Energy Resources (HOMER) software. The simulation study considers different scenarios and rates of FiT, inter-est rate, and electricity tariffs. Results show that the FiT can play a vital role in developing a knowledge-basedeconomy and encouraging the public to use such a clean energy source thus increasing the share of renewable energies in the total national energy mix. The findings of the paper are very important for all key players including the Libyan government, decision-makers, the national grid utility operator, industries, the PV system investor, and the environment.
Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria from Domestic Retail Fish Market at Zliten City, Libya
Authors: Elsharif Mustafa , Ali Mostafa , Saleh Fauzi , Abokhras ABoashia
Published: December 2023

The microbial load of both fish and fish products has been a cause of concern to consumers, and the industry itself. The present study was focused on isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria found in selected species of fish taken at the city market of Zliten, Libya. Thirty-five fish samples were analyzed; the bacterial counts and identification of potentially isolated-bacteria were carried out by using standard bacteriological procedures. The sensitivity test was determined by the disc-diffusion method. The results have shown the highest bacteria count was reported for the gills of Euthynnus alletteratus (7.61´106 cfu/mL) compared to Sarpa salpa and Scomber japonicas (1.82´106 cfu/mL and 4.45´106 cfu/mL) respectively. The whole fish of Euthynnus alletteratus had also the highest bacterial count (7.589´106 cfu/mL) followed by the intestine of Sarpa salpa (6.07´105 cfu/mL) and Scomber japonicas (2.22´106 cfu/mL). Bacteria identified from this study include Staphylococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas Vibrio spp. The higher levels of Staphylococcus spp. was observed for Euthynnus alletteratus and Scomber japonicas (P<0.0043)  compared to Euthynnus alletteratus. No Significant differences were observed in the microbial load between the domestic and imported fish. However, the ratio of the isolated Bacillus spp. was higher (P<0.02) in imported fish (Scomber japonicas) compared to domestic fish. Isolated bacteria from fish samples were tested for resistance against thirteen antibiotics (Penicillin, Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Cefoxitin, Oxacillin, Linezolid, Cephalexin, Rifampicin, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Ampicillin). Among the isolated bacteria, the Staphylococcus spp. was resisted to different antibiotics whereas one hundred present of (Cephalexin and Rifampicin). The Staphylococcus aureus was resistance to Tetracycline and Vancomycin. Bacillus spp. was resistance to Vancomycin whereas the Pseudomonas was resistance to Rifampicin. Even though, the isolated bacteria were sensitive to different antibiotic.
Generalization of metric spaces and some fixed point theorems
Authors: Elmabrok Abdelhamid , Alkaleeli Sameehah
Published: December 2023

The primary purpose of this paper is to adduce the concept of extended metric spaces, inspired by the concepts of metric space and an extended metric space. We also create some fixed-point theorems arising in this space.
Classification of hydrocarbons trapping systems of the Ghadames and Murzuq Basins in relation to Gargaf high, West Libya
Authors: Ahmed Al Fasatw
Published: December 2023

The Ghadames and Murzuq Basins, West Libya, are major producers of hydrocarbons in Libya. The producing-bearing horizons of the two basins range in age from Cambro-Ordovician to Triassic. Reservoirs of Devonian and Silurian age are major producing horizons in the Ghadames Basin. In the Murzuq Basin, the main reservoirs are Cambro-Ordovician in age. The Silurian Tanezzuft shales are the main source rock of the hydrocarbons in the Ghadames and Murzuq Basins. The reservoir characteristics indicate that the hydrocarbons of the Ghadames basin have mainly accumulated mainly in combination and stratigraphic traps in areas close to Gargaf high, and in structural anticline traps in areas close to the centre of the basin. In the Murzuq Basin, hydrocarbons are trapped mainly in structural faulted traps. The distribution of oil fields in the Ghadames and Murzuq Basins appears to be confined to a regional trend, which reflects the close relationship between tectonics, sedimentation, oil migration and accumulation.
3D Seismic to absolute acoustic impedance inversion of the Lower Devonian Tadrart Sandstone in Ghadames Basin, NW Libya
Authors: Zeglam Ahmed , El-Saiti Belgasem
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to map 3D acoustic impedance from 3D post-stacked seismic data, and then predict 3D porosity values from the acoustic impedance results for the Lower Devonian Tadrart reservoir sandstone using seismic inversion. Theoretically, seismic inversion is the process of transforming seismic reflection data into qualitative rock properties such as acoustic impedance and porosity, which is also very important for reservoir evaluation. Seismic inversion can be performed on pre or post stacked seismic data, it can be applied when the conventional seismic interpretation may become misleading under certain conditions. Most of oil and gas companies use the seismic inversion to improve the seismic interpretation by removing the side lobes and tuning effects from seismic data, to improve the estimation of rock properties, and to increase resolution and reliability. Inversion of seismic reflection data for various lithological and petro physical attributes is broadly used for reservoir characterization and hydrocarbons detection. Rock property related attributes are easier to interpret than the seismic reflectivity, which is related to boundaries between zones of contrasting acoustic impedance properties. Broadly, the commonalities between all impedance type properties are in their relations to the values measured from the seismic traces. The fundamental problem is the lack of low-frequency information in the seismic data leading to many uncertainties in the solution. The absolute acoustic impedance inversion is the method that has been applied in this study, and it is applied in Hamra field, northwest Ghadames basin, the approach of this work by extrapolating the well logs information into the seismic properties, this is, in turn, better estimations of reservoir properties such as porosity and an additional benefit that the interpretation efficiency is greatly improved.
Sedimentation, tectonic subsidence and hydrocarbon maturation history of the Gabes-Tripoli Basin, western offshore, Libya
Authors: Mriheel Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

This study has been conducted on Al Bordy area, which lies between latitudes N31°48'16.51 N31°43'14.91and E25°00'18.09 E25°06'55.07 on the sea coast of eastern Libya, The area has specified geological features, where the different rock formation exhibit good exposures that give a clear view about the stratigraphic column. The exposed formations are Al Gaghbub, Al Faidiyah and Al Khowaymat. The target of study is to evaluate some characterization features e.g. lithology, stratigraphic analysis, fossil distribution, structural and tectonic setting. The technical simulation models and geographic information system (GIS) software have been applied to interpret some geologic structures such as faulting, fractures, cracks and folding as well as the effect of stresses on formation strata. The field observations and the obtained data revealed that the area has affected by variable geological factors and changes in depositional environments, in addition to tectonic movements that led to the formation of various structures such as anticline and syncline folds, normal faults and unconformities.
Geology of Ayn Al Majdoub Karstic Lake, Benghazi, NE Libya
Authors: AlShible Mousa
Published: December 2023

The major karstic area in Libya known as Ayn Zayanah system is a unique phenomenon of concentrated karstic surface and subsurface dolines and channels. By focusing on Al Majdoub Lake, as a case study, we can better understand how lithology, structure and hydrology contribute to the regional formation of the Karstic system. Geologically, the limestones of the middle Miocene, Benghazi Formation is forming the northern side of Benghazi region, which is characterized by well-developed surficial, interface, surface and subsurface karstic features that are open or filled with sediment. The formation of Ayn Majdoub doline is filled with saline water, which is attributed to the dissolution of a buried carbonate layer by fresh groundwater due to the drop of the Sea level and the associated groundwater levels. This is combined with epeirogenesis movements, which have caused the development of karstification to reach a depth of 130-150 m below present sea level in the Benghazi plain. Through this Karstic system, groundwater seeps from Benghazi Basin towards the Ayn Zayanah (The Spring) and then to the Blue Lagoon (The Lake) finally to the sea.
Description and characteristics of chert nodules in Appollonia Formation, Al Hmmeda road-cut, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, NE Libya
Authors: Elfigih Omar , El Degheeli AL- Moatasem Bellah
Published: December 2023

Physical, petrographic and bulk elements analysis of Chert Nodules in Appollonia Formation, Al Hmmeda road-cut were conducted and showed that the origin of these chert by replacement. The suspected siliceous organic matters are of low crystallized silica and were dissolved under the influence of increasing temperature and pH. Most of the chert was localized in the limestone and dolomitic limestone of Appollonia Formation (nodular zone) by percolation of silica-rich solution along microfractures and porous/permeability zones. This local porosity and permeability variations, mostly produced mixing of the diffused digenetic fluids. This process produces the nodular form of the cherts in the Appollonia mudstone facies in the nodular zone, while less marked permeability variations could have produced more regular tabular bodies of chert, which were not observed at least in the studied section. The absence of chert nodules in some adjacent rocks and even at higher elevation in the Appollonia stratigraphic section (nonnodular zone), might reflect effective exhaustion of the silica supply, fewer microfractures condition and perhaps dilution by the marine water of highly reduced silica-rich solution.
دراسة وضعية المياه الجوفية لأبـار الميـاه بعمق 500 متر في المنطقة الممتدة من قيرة إلى آقار بوادي الشاطئ، شمال حوض مرزق
Authors: محمد محسن , عبدالله يوسف , الشارف عبد السلام , محمد عماد الدين
Published: December 2023

تقع منطقة وادي الشاطئ في الطرف الشمالي لحوض مرزق، وتعد المياه الجوفية المصدر الرئيسي في المنطقة، تركزت هذه الدراسة على أربعة أبار عميقة في المنطقة من خزان الكمبروأوردوفيشي حيث ان اغلب الابار المستغلة في المنطقة تنتمي لصخور تكوينات عوينات ونين من اعصر الديفوني الغنية بالحديد. تم قياس المناسيب الثابتة في الآبار المدروسة لمعرفة التغيرات في مناسيب المياه، حيث وجد أن معدل الهبوط لم يتجاوز الأربعة أمتار، وكان اتجاه حركة المياه الجوفية من الشمال الغربي إلى الجنوب الشرقي، وقد تميز هذا الخزان بمسامية جيدة وكانت نسبة الطين في صخور الخزان قليلة نسبيا، أُجريت بعض التحاليل الكيميائية وتمت مقارنتها بالتحاليل المعمولة اثناء الحفر، وقد بينت هذه التحاليل الكيميائية لهذه الآبار أن هذه المياه عذبة صالحة للشرب للبئرين المستغلين و تعدت الحدود المقبولة للبئرين الغير مستغلين، وبهذا صنفت مياه البئرين الغير مستغلين على انها مياه عسرة الى عسرة جداً، وقد كانت نسبة الصوديوم والكلور مرتفعة، كما تم مقارنة نسبة الحديد في هذه الآبار العميقة بالحديد في مياه الآبار الأقل عمق التي تستغل خزانات العصر الديفوني الغني بالحديد، وكانت صلاحية المياه للزراعة من جيدة الى مشكوك في صلاحيتها، و من ناحية أخرى و في مجال الصناعة فإنها تصلح للعديد من الصناعات مثل صناعة الاسمنت والتعليب والمشروبات.
تقييم الخواص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية لأسطح الشقوق والفواصل لمكاشف تكوين سيدي الصيد (السينوماني-الكريتاسي العلوي) واستقرارها على منحدرات الطريق الجبلي جادو (شمال غرب ليبيا).
Authors: الاخضر أبو القاسم , المزوغي عبد الفتاح , العربي احمد
Published: December 2023

أوضحت الدراسة الميدانية للمنحدرات المتاخمة للمنطقة محل الدراسة الطريق الجبلي جادو (الشليوني) ومقارنتها بالمعايير العلمية العالمية حدوث تغير في الخواص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية لأسطح الشقوق والفواصل للكتل الصخرية والتي ترجع لتكوين سيدي الصيد، ويتبع هذا التكوين فترة السينوماني ويمثل أقدم وحدة صخرية للكريتاسي العلوي وبسمك يصل حوالي 100 متر وبتركيب صخري مميز (حجر صخري دولوميتي) لعضو عين طبي. كان هناك تباين  في النتائج المتحصل عليها مع التغير في الارتفاع ويعد ذلك التباين والتغير في الخواص كنتاَج لأعمال الحفريات التي استخدمت لشق الطريق الجبلي، فكانت السبب الأبرز في تكشف صخور التكوين وبالتالي كانت اكثر عرضة لعوامل التعرية والتجوية وبخاصة التجوية الميكانيكية وأهمها التأثير الحراري، وكان تأثير التجوية الكيميائية على نطاق ضيق في حفر ترسب فيها معدن الكالسيت (CaCo3) وكذلك ترسيب ثانوي للمعدن في المناطق التي تمر بها الأودية الفصلية والقاطعة للطريق الجبلي او بمحاذاته، وتعد الأمطار الفصلية عاملا محفزا للتحرك الكتلي وسبباً في الإخلال بعملية التوازن وتغيير زاوية الاستقرار للكتل وأجزاء منها على أسطح المنحدرات ويعد الجزء الأكبر من المكاشف الصخرية للتكوين ثابتة ميكانيكيا رغم حدوث تغير في الخواص الميكانيكية لوصولها لحالة اتزان ولعدم وجود محفزات الحركة بينما في بعض أجزاء الكتل  أدي التغير في الخواص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية مدعوما بتغير زاوية الاستقرار تحت تأثير محفزات التحرك الكتلي الي حدوث حركة لأجزاء من الكتل، فمن خلال الدراسة الحقلية اتضح ان ابرز حركات المواد حدوثاً على منحدرات منطقة الدراسة هي من نوع السقوط الصخري او الكتلي الناجم عن انفصال الكتل او أجزاء من الكتل.
Characterization and identification of Libyan olive diversity using microsatellite markers
Authors: Abdul Sadeg Salem , Volk Gayle , Richards Christopher , Hughes Harrison
Published: December 2023

Ten microsatellite markers were used to differentiate and evaluate the relationships among a total of 91 olive genotypes (39 local cultivated, 36 introduced cultivars and 16 wild types) collected in Libya. A total of 109 alleles were identified, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 4 to 20 alleles. Three loci (UDO43, DCA16 and GAPU101) had the most alleles across all loci with 20, 18 and 16, respectively. The wild types and introduced cultivars had greater numbers of alleles than the local cultivars. Six cases of duplicated genotypes, two cases of synonymy, and thirteen homonyms that were genetically distinct were observed in the Libyan collection. UPGMA clustering classified the accessions into two main distinct groups. The first group consisted of local genotypes and the second group included introduced and wild type accessions. Admixture analysis also clearly distinguished between local ancient landraces and wild genotypes. In general, using molecular data enables to separate the Libyan olive accessions based on their origin but not fruit use.
Preliminary results on feeding habits of the invasive fish Fistularia commersonii (Ruppell, 1862) in the coast of Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Bashir Asma , Elbaraasi Houssein
Published: December 2023

The feeding habits of the exotic fish Fistularia commersonii off the coast of Benghazi, Libya were investigated. A total of 189 specimens were collected throughout the year of 2012-2013. The mean total length (TL) and mean weight was 99.08±6.45cm and 545.33±116 g, respectively. The condition factor (K) ranged between 0.7 and 0.8. Fish were found in large quantities (87%) in the stomach of the blue-spotted cornet fish. While crustaceans (2%) and mollusks (1%). The results showed also that F. commersonii feeds on prey from diverse habitats as well as depths.
Measurement of Radium Equivalent Activity from Natural Occurring Radionuclides in Soil in the East Coast of Libya
Authors: Elorfi Saeid , Imsallim Marai , Abdalla Yasin
Published: December 2023

The technological development, using atomic, and nuclear energy in industry, agriculture, nuclear medicine, nuclear wars and tests may increase environmental pollution with noticeable concentrations of man-made radionuclides in the environment. This experimental work aims at the determination of radium equivalent activity from the soil samples collected from sites extending from Benghazi city to the Libyan-Egyptian borders, along 600 km. Samples collected from fifty chosen sites, kept for four weeks to get a secular equilibrium between 226Ra and 232Th and their corresponding daughters. The result indicated that the value of radium equivalent (Raeq) ranged from 208.919 to73.881 Bq/kg, with an average of 117.587 Bq/kg
Nanoparticles technology promoting strategies for cancer therapy: Review
Authors: Abdalsamed Ihssin , Amar Ibrahim , Ahwidi Mohammed , Abrika Omar , Ali Masood
Published: December 2023

Cancer is the most serious disease in the world and has been considered as the first fatal disease to the humankind as its incidence rates continue to increase rapidly worldwide. Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy, Immunotherapy and Hyperthermia are the most common treatments for cancer in developed countries, while surgical operations are used in undeveloped countries, which have been found to cause negative side effect on human health.

Recently, Nano treatment is used to cure a number of cancer cases, which have shown significant results than surgical operations. Such success has encouraged scientists and researchers to develop Nanotechnological devices named as nanoparticles (NPs) which have become one of the greatest medical healthcare settings as they provide potential benefits for diagnosing and treating metastatic cancer, such as a tumor. On other hand, nanoparticles improved the ability to delivery drugs to the major sites of metastasis without effecting noncancerous cells. Moreover, beside reported nanoparticles (NPs) have significant to escape antibody and extravasate into the tumor cells.

In this review, we focus and outline on Nanodevice types: Quantum dots (QDs), Nanogold shell (AuNPs), Dendrimers, Nanopore, and Nanotubes for their principles, applications, operation processes and their recent highlights in cancer research area are also considered in this paper. Finally, we provide some perspectives on the future challenges and development of drug delivery systems.
Hydro-geochemical review of groundwater and rain waters from Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Northeast Libya
Authors: Al Faitouri Mohamed , Salloum Fathi , Muftah Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Groundwater recharge and age dating using stable and carbon isotopes in northern Cyrenaica have been performed during the seventies of the last century. Twenty-eight groundwater samples (springs and wells), as well as sixty rain water samples, were collected from four hydrogeological units in Al Jabal Al Akhdar that have been analyzed in order to determine the composition of the stable isotopes (δ2H, δ18O, 14C, and 13C). Tritium is used herein to determine if there is any direct infiltration of modern water to the existed aquifers in the study area. The range of compositions for each rainwater sample is: δ2H (–28.3‰ to 0.3‰) and δ18O (-5.32‰ to 0.33‰) for Benghazi rain samples whereas δ2H (-35‰ to -22.6‰) and δ18O (-6.5‰ to -4.43‰) for Al Marj rain samples which show apparently oceanic and continental effects on the studied samples to the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL). The Miocene water samples have δ2H and δ18O values indicated an increasing in aridity as the deuterium excess is reduced due to evaporation effects. Given this result, the isotopic values indicate that the groundwater pumped from wells in Benghazi – Al Marj region resulted from the mixing of at least two groundwater systems. Seawater intrusion should be considered in the Ayn Zayanah-Al Coeffiah karstic system. Additionally, the δ2H/δl8O ratios show that most of the Ayn Zayanah spring discharges contain evaporated waters due to enrichment in isotopic values
Urbanism, Climate Change, and the Public Utility of Greening Cairo
Authors: Mason Robert
Published: December 2023

Green spaces have been proven to be vital in reducing harmful pollution, which is driving climate change, while protecting people from heat and drought by cooling urban heat islands, reducing flooding, and protecting water quality. Using the case of Egypt, this article examines the
challenges posed by land speculation, city planning, and rapid infrastructure development, which are causing deterioration, inaccessibility, and the contraction of green spaces. It is argued that enhanced data, parks departments, and a state-run land buyback scheme could all address a rising
need for public parks.
Lived Experiences of PLWHIV Accessing Nutrition Education and Counselling: Exploring the Benefits, Barriers and Strategies
Authors: Malama Esther , Ndhlovu Daniel
Published: December 2023

HIV patients require proper nutrition for health management, and nutrition education and counselling services in primary healthcare help them make informed decisions about dietary practices, promoting physical well-being and economic welfare. This study aimed to explore and describe the lived experiences of PLWHIV in accessing nutrition education and counselling. This study was conducted in Lusaka District, Zambia. It adopted a hermeneutic phenomenological design. A total of 25 participants, aged between 20 and 60 and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for over three years, were purposively selected, and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The study revealed that individuals with PLWHIV benefited from nutrition education and counselling, despite challenges like transportation, limited resources, and personnel shortages. The study concluded that nutrition education and counselling significantly impact PLWHIV's health, leading to positive changes in dietary practices and overall well-being. However, challenges in accessibility and acceptability persist, requiring improvements in healthcare infrastructure and resources. Recommendations include enhancing nutrition counselling services, promoting regular physical activity, collaborating with healthcare facilities and community organisations, monitoring and evaluating services, and identifying best practices to enhance care quality.
Spatial Analysis of Urban Road Traffic Accidents Using GIS
Authors: Munasinghe DS
Published: December 2023

Road traffic accidents are on the rise in urban areas globally, including Sri Lanka, leading to significant human and property losses. The Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) area in Sri Lanka witnesses a particularly high number of these accidents. This study aimed to analyze urban traffic accidents using GIS within complex urban networks. It employed a two-step approach, starting with a hot spot analysis based on accident times and types (fatal, non-grievous, and damage-only), using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Nearest Neighbor Hierarchy (NNH) methods. Additionally, it created separate severity maps and compares the results visually, with KDE offering a comprehensive overview and NNH pinpointing high-accident areas. The KDE method was expected to benefit long-term traffic congestion reduction and safety enhancement. NNH's severity map provides immediate insights for road safety specialists. A mathematical approach involved calculating the Prediction Accuracy Index (PAI) for each method, revealing a notably higher value for NNH, making it a more suitable choice. In conclusion, this study recommended the Nearest Neighbor Hierarchy (NNH) method as superior for road safety analysis, offering important guidance for urban planning and accident prevention efforts
НОВОПИСЬМЕННЫЕ ДАГЕСТАНСКИЕ ЯЗЫКИ: ПРАВОВОЙ СТАТУС И ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ
Authors: Атаев Борис Махачевич , Ибрагимова Мариза Оглановна
Published: December 2023

В статье проведен комплексный анализ новописьменных дагестанских языков – агульского, рутульского и цахурского – в правовом и функциональном аспектах с целью прогнозирования сценариев их дальнейшего развития. Актуальность изучения правового статуса, регулирующего сохранение и функционирование языков с уязвимым уровнем витальности, обусловлена признанием особой роли языка в формировании идентичности этносов, в их социокультурном и этнополитическом развитии. Ранее освещение агульского, рутульского и цахурского языков в правовом и функциональном аспектах проводилось в контексте общедагестанских социолингвистических исследований: материал этих языков привлекался при синхронных описаниях и прогнозировании сценариев дальнейшего развития дагестанских языков. При анализе новописьменных дагестанских языков мы опирались на имеющиеся социолингвистические и нормативные источники, итоги всероссийских переписей населения 2010 и 2020 гг. Решение проблем новописьменных языков возможно только в контексте общедагестанской и общероссийской законодательной парадигмы, что обусловливает необходимость разработки единой концепции языковой политики, предполагающей инвестиции в подготовку специалистов, издание учебных материалов, в языковые курсы для взрослых в местах компактного проживания носителей языков с низким уровнем витальности.
СОЦИОЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ РЕЧЕВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ КОРЕННЫХ МАЛОЧИСЛЕННЫХ НАРОДОВ СЕВЕРА (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ))
Authors: Кузьмина Ангелина Афанасьевна
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматривается проблема языковой ситуации у коренных малочисленных народов Севера в современных условиях глобализации. Приведены результаты социолингвистического исследования речевой деятельности на этническом языке среди подростков и взрослого населения, проведенного научно-исследовательским институтом чтения Национальной библиотеки РС (Я). В ииследовании приняли участие долганы, эвены, эвенки, юкагиры, чукчи Якутии. По итогам исследования анализируются степень владения родным языком, причины ее снижения, предлагаются пути выхода из сложившейся ситуации. Среди причин незнания этнического языка респондентами указано отсутствие необходимости говорить на нем каждый день, что связано с утратой традиционного образа жизни у большинства из них. Наиболее высокий уровень владения родным языком наблюдается у эвенов. Это объясняется наличием речевой среды на этническом языке среди взрослого и детского населения. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что низкий уровень знания лингвокультурологических особенностей языка является фактором непонимания и не восприятия текстов устного народного творчества. Чтение, понимание текста и воспроизведение в виде устной или письменной речи являются необходимыми условиями повышения уровня языковой и художественной компетенций. Необходимы дальнейшая поддержка в расширении сферы функционирования родных языков и повышение роли владения языка в проектировании профессиональной карьеры и социального успеха в различных областях жизнедеятельности; увеличение часов преподавания, использование новых методик преподавания в дошкольном и школьном образовании, включающих обучение глубинному пониманию лингвокультурных особенностей языка, с применением новых информационных технологий; создание и распространение мультфильмов, фильмов на родных языках.
LANGUAGE SITUATION IN THE CHAOSHAN COMMUNITY: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Qibin Zhang
Published: December 2023

Chaoshan, located on the east coast of Guangdong Province in South China, is a region with profound cultural and linguistic distinctiveness. This pilot study investigates the language situation in the Chaoshan region, focusing on the city of Shantou. It addresses key sociolinguistic issues such as language policy, attitude, identity, and mutual intelligibility among varieties of Teochew. Prior research mainly concentrated on language shift and maintenance, but this study delves deeper to explore sociolinguistic peculiarities within sub-communities and mutual intelligibility issues [Lin, 1994, 2005, 2017; F. Chen, 2017; H. Chen, 2020; Huang & Fang, 2021]. Results from 142 participants highlight significant intra-community differences in language practices, attitude, and identity among the three sub-communities. The South Shore sub-community - Haojiang, Chaoyang and Chaonan Districts and its variety stand out in interactions with other sub-communities: Downtown and Chenghai, primarily in language practices, attitudes and identity. The study also provides insights into the mutual intelligibility among three Teochew varieties, revealing the complexity of the language situation.
Economic Recovery Efforts through Tourism in the Bira Beach Area, Bulukumba Regency
Authors: AB Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Located in the enchanting province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, lies the captivating Bulukumba Regency, a veritable haven for discerning travelers seeking to immerse themselves in a cornucopia of awe-inspiring natural wonders and a vibrant tapestry of cultural diversity. The advent of the global pandemic has undeniably caused significant disruptions within the tourism sector, thereby exerting a profound impact on the sustenance and well-being of local communities. The study utilizes qualitative methodologies to scrutinize the multifaceted role and profound influence of tourism within the designated region. This statement highlights the crucial significance of implementing sustainable tourism practices, fostering community engagement, and promoting equitable employment opportunities. The research endeavors to delineate a myriad of tactics aimed at fostering economic resurgence, encompassing initiatives such as programs focused on enhancing capabilities, the utilization of data to inform policy decisions, and harmonized endeavors to bolster the tourism sector. The research proposes a set of strategic measures aimed at maximizing the economic prospects of the tourism industry. These measures encompass the implementation of capacity-building initiatives targeted at local communities, with the objective of augmenting their skill sets and enhancing their employability. The imperative of guaranteeing equitable employment prospects and fostering sustainable practices cannot be overstated. In addition, it is imperative for the government and key players in the tourism industry to prioritize the implementation of a data-driven strategy in policymaking and coordination efforts, with the ultimate goal of rejuvenating the tourism sector in South Sulawesi Province.
Development of Storynomics Based on Digital Information Systems as a Medium for Promoting Tourist Attractions
Authors: Kasim Muhammad
Published: December 2023

This research uses a qualitative research approach, which aims to find out the development of storynomics using English-based digital information systems as a medium for promoting tourist attractions in Majene Regency, as well as how the actual condition of Dato Beach in Majene Regency as a location for making promotional videos of tourist attractions and how human resources for information techniques and English, and how the form of promotion used by the Tourism Office to promote tourist attractions in Majene Regency, West Sulawesi Province. The results showed that the actual condition of Dato Beach as an example of making promotional videos in Majene Regency in order to increase the number of tourist visits after being hit by a global problem, namely the impact of Covid 19. It seems that the government has made promotions in written form in the form of tourist attraction brochures, but the making of Digital-Based storynomics videos has not been implemented, so that the number of tourist visits has not increased, and there are still many tourist attractions that are not yet known by tourists to be visited by both local and foreign tourists, therefore with this storynomics video, hopefully Majene Regency will be better known and the number of tourist visits can increase in the future.
Motives for Participating in the Social Humanities Research Student Creativity Program at Sam Ratulangi University
Authors: Warouw Desie M.D. , Himpong Meity D. , Onsu Reiner R.
Published: December 2023

The role of students in supporting creativity programs, especially social and humanities research at Sam Ratulangi University, is very important, because apart from attending lectures, they will become human resources who have academic knowledge, management skills, communication skills, but Students are also expected to have the skills and creativity to carry out research, in order to become productive, superior, competitive, adaptive, flexible, productive and competitive graduates during the industrial revolution 4.0. As well as the achievement of higher education KPI. This research uses Phenomenological Theory from Alfret Schutz, using Qualitative methods. Data Collection: Observations, Interviews, and Document Study. Research Informants: Deputy Dean for Student Affairs, Assistant Lecturers, Students Participating in Social Humanities Research. The results of the research show that the motives for participating in the Social Humanities Research Student Creativity Program at Sam Ratulangi University are: (1) Because Motive (Cause),: - Opening up the opportunity to take part in the Student Creativity Program (PKM) - Encouragement from the accompanying lecturer - As a profitable challenge to develop ideas, Creativity and Innovation Through Research - Opportunity to Work as a Team - Qualified for the National Student Science Week (PIMNAS). (2) In Order To Motive (Goal): - Graduate without a thesis - Contribution to universities and faculties - Find solutions to social phenomena that are beneficial to society. (3) Obstacles encountered: - Difficult to find accompanying lecturers - Limited time to discuss with the team and lecturers - Confused about finding phenomena and determining titles - Difficult to find friends to build a team.
Data Remanence Based Approach towards Stable Key Generation from Physically Unclonable Function Response of Embedded SRAMs using Binary Search
Authors: Pyi Phyo Aung  , Nordinah Ismail  , Chia Yee Ooi  , Koichiro Mashiko  , Hau Sim Choo  , Takanori Matsuzaki
Published: December 2023

Today’s device authentications in IoT devices use public and private key cryptography. Nevertheless, they are still vulnerable to threats because keys or device IDs digitally stored in IoT devices can be stolen or cloned. In contrast, SRAM PUFs utilize physical variations in memory cells of embedded SRAM in microcontrollers or standalone SRAM chips. These inherent physical characteristics are unpredictable and practically impossible to duplicate. They are negligible to affect regular SRAM operation but large enough to be used for authentication purposes in SRAM PUFs operation. However, SRAM PUFs have poor stability and a relatively high bit error rate (BER). Temporal Majority Voting (TMV) and other error correction codes (ECCs) have improved SRAM PUFs performance, but they require a lot of processing time and hardware resources. The data remanence nature of SRAM cells can be utilized to select SRAM PUFs bits with much lower BER and more stable bits, but a suitable algorithm is required to find the best possible power-off time for each type of chip. This paper proposes using the data remanence method and binary search algorithm to obtain the strong SRAM PUFs characteristics of the selected SRAMs at the optimal power-off time. These SRAMs include embedded SRAMs of AtMega328P, STM32F108C, ESP8266 microcontrollers, and an off-the-shelf SRAM chip 23LC1024-I/P, which are being used in various IoT applications. The strong SRAM PUF has more stable characteristics that reduce BER to 0% and increase stability to 99.999%. This proposed method can be utilized on any IoT platform which deals with essential data and requires less resource-hungry security and authentication protocols.
Additional of Organic Amendments in the Soil to Increase the Various Crop Yield: A Review
Authors: Norsuhailizah Sazali  , Zawati Harun  , Norazlianie Sazali
Published: December 2023

Agricultural production is threatened by the scarcity of current natural resources, an increasing total population, climatic change, and degraded soils. To feed the world's growing population, development strategies must be implemented that sustainably increase agricultural production while at the same time reducing the negative impacts of the activities. A number of amendments are currently being researched to improve the structure and fertility of soils. The properties of organic materials (biochar (BC), husk, and compost) were examined. The properties of BC have a large specific surface area, are highly porous, and have a high cation exchange capacity (CEC). These amendments could be used to slow down the continuous soil degradation and maintain soil productivity while facing global challenges. While the environmental effects have been extensively studied, the extent to which they can contribute to long-term intensification has yet to be determined. This review aims to contribute to the topic by providing a concise summary that combines both environmental evidence and agronomic considerations.
Life Cycle Assessment of Rice Production in Muda Granary Area, Kedah Malaysia
Authors: Nurfarhain Mohamed Rusli  , Zainura Zainon Noor  , Shazwin Mat Taib
Published: December 2023

Rice is a crucial part of everyday Malaysian diet. The demand for rice in year 2030 is projected to be around 533 million ton of milled rice and known to be a high-water consuming crop. It is mainly cultivated in Kedah of Malaysia under irrigated conditions. It is responsible for the environmental degradation due to inefficient use of factors of production, low yield as well as being grown under ponded conditions. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the environmental impacts of rice production in Muda Granary Area in Kedah using life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Data was collected from Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA) and one of rice milling’s factory in order to identify the environmental impacts with different phase of production. It was observed that different production practices and different levels of input consumption contributed to the different environmental impacts. The LCA considered the entire system required to produce 1 kg of rice. All impact assessment categories were considered and the sensitivity analysis was performed to test the cut-off criteria set for the chemical input by increasing the solvent input to 15% and including trace amounts of heavy metals. Results from ReCiPe impact assessment methods concur that the top impact categories are rice plantation compared to rice milling and land preparation phase. These include climate change, eutrophication, ecotoxicology, and water depletion. As a result, it is concluded that the fertilizers used were excessive and should be examined further. The study concludes that the greatest impacts of rice production in a Muda Granary area in Kedah are from rice planting phase. It is learnt that the quantity of fertilizers used were excessive and must be looked into. The results of the study will likely provide a good basis for future LCA research on paddy cultivation, especially in terms of nutrient management.
Effect of Surface Roughness of Pistia Leaves Inspired Surfaces on Oil Contact Angle and Coefficient of Friction under Lubricated Condition
Authors: Najibah Ab Latif  , Nurnida Elmira Othman  , Salmiah Kasolang  , Nik Normunira Mat Hassan
Published: December 2023

Biomimetics field is getting more interest in engineering purposes. The plant surface roughness existing in nature such as in leaves can be mimicked into artificial technologies. Basically, the surface structures have micro and nano scales in nature and possess properties of interest. Pistia leaves for example have intrinsic of tribology application which have rarely explored. In this study, a preliminary work on 3 types of Pistia leaves inspired surface-based polymer have been conducted to look at effect of surface roughness towards contact angle (CA) measurements and coefficient of friction (COF) under lubricated condition. The surface characteristics were also examined using Variable Pressure Scanning Electron Microscope (VP-SEM). Two different oils namely palm oil and palm oil + TiO2 were tested on the Pistia leaves inspired surface to measure the CA and COF. It was found that both types of palm oils had distinct CA values and COF towards surface roughness of the Pistia inspired surfaces. A maximum difference of CA and COF were recorded in CA and COF values. The different nanocomposite of Pistia leaves inspired surface were found to affect for both parameters CA and COF under lubricated condition.
Upaya Pembinaan Keimanan Siswa di MI Mujahidin Kecamatan Sooko Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Robi'in Muhammad , Akbar Aziz
Published: December 2023

Faith development efforts are a process of maturing students in order to understand the teachings of Islam and at the same time be applied in everyday life. In faith development efforts there are several components that support each other, namely: (1) Objectives, (2) Materials, (3) Methods and approaches, (4) Facilities and infrastructure, and (5) Evaluation. MI Mujahidin in Sooko District, Mojokerto District with its faith development efforts can create high quality human resources in terms of science, faith and piety. Through fostering faith in the aspects of aqidah, worship and morals, it is hoped that after students grow up, their faith will remain embedded in their souls. With the selection of appropriate methods and approaches, the goals set at MI Mujahidin Sooko District Mojokerto Regency can be achieved.This study aims to determine: (1) Efforts to foster faith in the students of MI Mujahidin in Sooko District, Mojokerto Regency (2) Efforts to foster faith applied to the students of MI Mujahidin in Sooko District, Mojokerto Regency. This study uses the method of field research (field research) with description analysis techniques. The collected research data was analyzed using deductive and inductive approach. The results show that efforts to foster faith in students at Mujahidin have been planned and programmed.
Learning English Through Islamic Historical Content
Authors: Kuzairi
Published: December 2023

This study aims to describe the implementation of Content-based Instruction (CBI) for learning English. it was applied to facilitate students in learning English by providing them as much as language exposure on the content of a subject related to their major in Islamic education. The content deals with an Islamic history on the Hijrah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The activities were carried out in 3 major stages. The earlier activities were the vocabulary building and grammatical focus on the use of simple past tense. The second section was learning receptive and productive English skill activities covered reading comprehension, practices on speed reading and reading aloud as well as writing summary. At last, this instruction also revealed and discussed the moral values found in the passage about the Hijrah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).
Menanamkan Wawasan Islam Moderat Melalui Pendidikan Akidah Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah An-Nahdiyah: Belajar dari Pendidikan Pesantren
Authors: Segaf Baharun  , Sodikin
Published: December 2023

Fostering moderation of Islam in the era of disruption is very urgent to face a multicultural society. Correct understanding of aqidah is the main key to maintaining inter-religious tolerance. Aqidah ahlussunah wal jama'ah an-nahdliyyah developed in Islamic boarding schools has succeeded in creating a moderate society. The results of this study indicate that moderate Islamic insight is built on aqidah ahlussunah wal jama'ah an-nahdliyyah education. This Aqidah is then synergized with the teachings of Tawhid, Fiqh, Morals and Sufism. The tradition of Islamic scholars' thought in the archipelago also contributes to strengthening moderate Islamic insights
Implementasi Total Quality Management pada Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Abidin Zainal
Published: December 2023

Total Quality Management is a concept of managing educational institutions in order to improve the quality of educational institutions with continuous and client-focused improvement efforts and total involvement in the implementation of Total Quality Management in educational institutions cannot be separated from all existing components such as school principals, teachers. Mas staff and support from external parties such as the school committee to work together to provide maximum service to students. This research method is a type of library research. The point of library research is research conducted by collecting data, information and various other types of data contained in the literature. The results of this study are that the implementation of Total Quality Management will not succeed in humans but needs a systematic process. The point of implementing Total Quality Management is reflected in the gradual and continuous process of improving quality by meeting customer or client expectations both internally and externally.
The Relevance of Traditional Islamic Boarding School Education in the Modernization Era
Authors: Segaf Baharun
Published: December 2023

Traditional Islamic boarding schools are still relevant to be maintained. In facing the global era which is accompanied by modernization in all areas of life, Islamic boarding schools must continue to strive to maintain their existence and adapt to the conditions that surround them without abandoning their Islamic boarding school characteristics. In this study the researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach. The theory of a descriptive qualitative approach is a research method in which the results of the research are in the form of descriptive data. The relevance of the education system at the Mambaul Hikam Blitar Islamic Boarding School in the Modernization Era is shown by the existence of the latest programs by incorporating the state curriculum and opening public schools, the traditional learning system (halaqah) that applies to traditional Islamic boarding schools are provided in a balance with a modern learning system. Included in the curriculum, pesantren no longer only provide Islamic religious studies, but also modern general sciences which are accommodated from the government's curriculum.