bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЕРХНЕПАЛЕОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ИГЛы С УШКОМ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОКОРЕНИЯ МИРА
Authors: Питулько В.В. , Павлова Е.Ю.
Published: October 2024

Костяные иглы с ушком и шилья составляют набор швейных инструментов, использовавшихся человеком каменного века повсеместно, однако в сравнении с прочими изделиями из кости, иглы на протяжении многих лет оставались недооценённым элементом культуры палеолита. Следует отметить, что распространённое мнение о малой информативности этих предметов оказалось неверным. Костяные иглы распространены широко, однако в палеолитических контекстах они немногочисленны. Лишь в некоторых из них число таких находок превышает десять предметов. Раскопки янской стоянки доставили крупнейшую в мире коллекцию иголок с ушком и их фрагментов (N192), возраст которой 32000 Cal BP. Благодаря большому объёму выборки, впервые удалось достоверно выделить иглы различных размерных классов по длине, толщине и назначению (не менее восьми разновидностей). Иглы с ушком появляются в интервале 5000040000 л.н., первоначально в Сибири, в связи с особенностями температурного режима этих территорий: это область постоянно существующих отрицательных среднегодовых температур, в условиях которых существование человека невозможно без сложной многослойной одежды. Характерной чертой сибирского верхнего палеолита является наличие орнаментированных иголок. Иглы с ушком и шилья свидетельствуют о наличии развитой формы швейного производства. Их появление связано с расселением в Северной Евразии анатомически современных людей, и в этом смысле иглы с ушком, как было неоднократно отмечено ранее, являются надёжным культурно-историческим маркером. Данная инновация является, возможно, самым важным изобретением верхнего палеолита (критической технологией), поскольку позволяет получить всё необходимое для жизнедеятельности в условиях климата, близкого к современному арктическому одежду, обувь, жилище. обладание этими элементами системы жизнеобеспечения позволило человеку заселить арктические территории. Производство игл с ушком оказалось невозможным для неандертальцев по биомеханическим и нейробиологическим причинам. Недостаточно развитая мелкая моторика и связанные с 77 нею особенности развития интеллекта служили естественным ограничением подобной деятельности, наравне с производством серийных, стандартизированных микроорудий из камня. это обстоятельство оказалось частью комплекса причин, не позволивших неандертальцам противостоять холодному климатическому тренду на заключительном этапе вислинского оледенения. Напротив, обладание данной технологией позволило анатомически современным людям успешно пережить данный рубеж.
СИНТЕЗ, ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ И ОЦЕНКА БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ НОВЫХ ТЕТРАЗАМЕЩЕННЫХ ГЛИКОЛЬУРИЛОВ
Authors: Синицына А.А. , Ильясов С.Г.
Published: October 2024

Публикация посвящена синтезу тетразамещенных производным гликольурила, как потенциальных соединений, обладающих антидепрессантными свойствами. Интерес к депрессии обусловлен высокой распространенностью и нарастающей частотой этого расстройства во всем мире и ее негативным влиянием на трудоспособность и социальную активность человека. Гликольурилы представляют большой интерес в использовании во многих отраслях промышленности, в том числе медицинской (достоверно известно, что тетраметилгликольурил используют в медицинской практике как дневной катализатор Мебикар). В работе сообщается о получении производных гликольурила путем алкилирования дизамещенных гликольурилов в ацетонитриле. В программе PASS рассчитано, что некоторые тетразамещенные гликольурилы могут проявлять ряд свойств: стимулятор высвобождения 5гидрокситриптамина (серотонина), транквилизирующее, а также антипсихотическое.

The publication is devoted to the synthesis of tetrasubstituted glycoluril derivative, as potential compounds with antidepressant properties. Interest in depression is due to the high prevalence and increasing frequency of this disorder throughout the world and its negative impact on the ability to work and social activity of a person. Glycolurils are of great interest in use in many industries, including medical (it is reliably known that tetramethylglycoluril is used in medical practice as a daytime catalyst for Mebicar). The work reports on the derivatization of glycoluril by alkylation of disubstituted glycoluril in acetonitrile. In the PASS program it is calculated that some tetrasubstituted glycoluril can exhibit a number of properties: stimulator of 5hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) release, tranquilizing, and also antipsychotic.
Программа построения интерактивной карты геологических исследований в Российской империи
Authors: Руколеев А.В. , Тушкина Т.М. , Налимова Н.Ю.
Published: October 2024

Авторами разработана программа, позволяющая визуализировать хронологиюгеологических исследований с учетом места их проведения на основе использования географической карты. Программа позволяетвводить информацию о годе, названии и географических координатах местности проведения геологического исследования, фамилии исследователя в хронологическом порядке накапливать на карте места исследований по запросу пользователя выводить необходимую информацию.

The program was developed to visualize the chronology of geological researches according to their location a geographical map. Information using on dates, names and geological area coordinates and researcher names can be entered using this program. If is possible to accumulate the places of research in chronological order and to display the information required.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ КОНВЕКЦИИ ЭЛЕКТРОПРОВОДНОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ В СФЕРИЧЕСКОМ СЛОЕ ПРИ ПОДВОДЕ ТЕПЛА СНИЗУ
Authors: Соловьев С.В.
Published: October 2024

Представлены результаты численного моделирования конвективного теплообмена электропроводной жидкости в сферическом слое при подводе тепла снизу. Исследовано влияние числа Грасгофа, сил плавучести и тепла джоулевой диссипации на структуру течения жидкости, поля температуры, магнитной индукции и распределение чисел Нуссельта.

Abstract The results of numerical simulation of convective heat transfer of an electrically conducting fluid between concentric spheres with heat input from below are presented. Тthe influence of the gGashof number and joule dissipation on the structure of the fluid flow, temperature field, magnetic induction and the distribution of local Nusselt numbers is investigated.
Исследование ультразвукового метода контроля массы неоднородного материала
Authors: Лукьянов В.Г. , Надвоцкая В.В.
Published: October 2024

В работе представлен краткий теоретический анализ взаимодействия ультразвукового сигнала с неоднородной средой. В рамках выявления зависимости амплитуды ультразвуковых колебаний от массы неоднородного материала предложена экспериментальная установка, принцип работы первичного измерительного действия которой основан на ослаблении акустических колебаний, прошедших через контролируемые образцы. Результаты экспериментальных исследований потвердили зависимость характера поглощения ультразвуковых колебаний от массы вещества неоднородной среды.

The paper presents a brief theoretical analysis of the interaction of an ultrasonic signal with a heterogeneous medium. Within the framework of identifying the dependence of the amplitude of ultrasonic oscillations on the mass of a heterogeneous material, an experimental setup was proposed, the principle of operation of which is based on the weakening of acoustic oscillations passed through controlled samples. The results of experimнental studies confirmed the dependence of the nature of the absorption of ultrasonic vibrations on the mass of the substance of a heterogeneous medium.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАБОЧИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ И ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК МЕМБРАН НА ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ АППАРАТА ОБРАТНОГО ЭЛЕКТРОДИАЛИЗА
Authors: Джубари К.Д. , Алексеева Н.В.
Published: October 2024

Использование процесса обратного электродиализадля получения электрической энергии из потенциала солености воды можно рассматривать как один из вариантов альтернативных источников энергии. Как и в классическом процессе электродиализа, в обратном электродиализе используются ионообменные мембраны и растворы с разной концентрацией солей. Рабочие параметры процесса и характеристики ионообменных мембран существенно влияют на производительность аппарата обратного электродиализа. Наиболее эффективными факторами являются скорость потока, температура, состав и pHисходных растворов и характеристики ионообменных мембран.Для более точного понимания того, как все эти факторы влияют на производительность, электро имассопереносчерез мембраны, были изучены имеющиеся на данный момент исследования обратного электродиализа, в которыхиспользовалисьаппаратыразличных конструкций, рассмотрены различные технологические режимы, варианты организации движения потоков, одно и многокомпонентные растворы различных солей. В данной работе обсуждаются результаты разрозненных исследований с цельюих обобщения и согласования выводов. Все изученные результаты собраны в группы по типам исследуемых параметров. Такой обзор может помочь исследователям оптимизировать системы обратного электродиализа.

Abstract The use of reverse electrodialysis process for the generation of electrical energy from the potential of the salinity of water can be considered as one of the alternative energy sources. As in the classical electrodialysis process, ionexchange membranes and solutions with different salt concentrations are used in reverse electrodialysis. The operating parameters of the process and the characteristics of ionexchange membranes significantly affect the performance of the reverse electrodialysis apparatus. The most effective factors are the flow rate, temperature, composition and pH of the initial solutions and characteristics of ionexchange membranes.For a more accurate understanding of how all these factors affect performance, electrical and mass transfer through membranes, currently available studies of reverse electrodialysis have been studied, in which devices of various designs were used, various technological modes, and options for organizing movement were considered flow of one component and multicomponent solutions of various salts.This paper discusses the results of disparate studies with a view to their generalization and agreement of conclusions. All studied results were collected in groups according to the types of parameters under study. Such a review can help researchers optimize reverse dialysis systems.
ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ДАННЫХ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА
Authors: Кротова О.С. , Пиянзин А.И. , Хворова Л.А.
Published: October 2024

Сахарный диабет является одним из наиболее опасных хронических заболеваний, в патогенезе которого лежит недостаток инсулина в организме человека, вызывающий нарушение обмена веществ и патологические изменения в различных органах и тканях и, в итоге, приводящее к поражению всех функциональных систем организма. Распространенность сахарного диабета среди детей и подростков в России носит характер эпидемии: по данным Министерства здравоохранения РФ в 2015 году было зарегистрировано 37670 детей и подростков, к 2017 году их количество увеличилось до 43506. Цель исследования – построение моделей определения стадий компенсации и декомпенсации сахарного диабета. Предметом исследования являются медицинские данные детей и подростков Алтайского края, страдающих сахарным диабетом. Объект исследования – интеллектуальный анализ данных. Интеллектуальный анализ данных представляет собой совокупность методов классификации, прогнозирования и моделирования, основанных на алгоритмах машинного обучения. Нередко к интеллектуальному анализу данных относят статистические методы, применяемые для анализа большого объема информации. В медицинских исследованиях, как и в практической медицине, спектр решаемых задач очень широк, что позволяет использовать различные методы интеллектуального анализа данных. Использование построенных моделей в медицинских учреждениях ускорит процесс диагностики и лечения сахарного диабета у детей и подростков, избавит врача от долгой рутинной работы. Раннее выявление и прогнозирование стадий компенсации и декомпенсации заболевания позволят родителям и врачам проводить целенаправленные действия, позволяющие сохранить здоровье ребенка и отсрочить инвалидизацию.

Abstract – The article is devoted to the problems of diabetes. The purpose of the study is to build models for classify the stages of compensation and decompensation of diabetes by methods of data mining. The subject of the study are medical data of children of the Altai Krai who have diabetes. Using the constructed models will improve the process of diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in children.
ВКЛАД «ОБРАТНОГО» УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО КАПИЛЛЯРНОГО ЭФФЕКТА В МАССООБМЕННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ ГЕТЕРОГЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ РАНЕВОГО ОЧАГА У БОЛЬНЫХ С ОСЛОЖНЁННОЙ ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОЙ РАНОЙ
Authors: Педдер В.В. , Хмелёв В.Н. , Голых Р.Н. , Солдатов А.И. , Шалунов А.В. , Педдер А.В. , Пастушенко И.А. , Нестеров В.А. , Барсуков Р.В. , Набока М.В. , Цыганок С.Н. , Стафеев А.П.
Published: October 2024

Аннотация: Приведены данные о хирургической обработке и лечении осложнённых ран с обеспечением детоксикационных мероприятий, направленных на купирование синдрома эндогенной интоксикации (СЭИ), связанной с нарушением гемо- и лимфоциркуляции и созданием условий для улучшения репаративной регенерации и заживления ран. Показана роль массообменных процессов, протекающих в регионарной гетерогенной системе раневого очага под действием ультразвука, позволяющих повысить качество санации тканей раны, представляющей собой капиллярно-пористую систему, насыщенную раневым содержимым (продукты клеточного распада, эндогенные токсины, микробы). Показана возможность интенсификации массообменных процессов, на примере экстракции модели раневого содержимого (50% раствор глицерина) из капиллярно-пористой модели раны, в условиях инициирования «обратного» ультразвукового капиллярного эффекта. Показана возможность ультразвуковой фонопорации, диспергации и удаления белковых наслоений (модель- 15% раствор желатина) с поверхности модели раны для улучшения условий ультразвуковой экстракции раневого содержимого в процессе реализации технологии лечения ран. Приведены клинические примеры лечения больных с осложнёнными послеоперационными ранами.

Abstract: The data on the surgical treatment and treatment of complicated wounds with the provision of detoxification measures aimed at stopping the syndrome of endogenous intoxication (SEI) associated with impaired blood and lymphocirculation and the creation of conditions for improving reparative regeneration and wound healing are presented. The role of mass-exchange processes occurring in the regional heter- ogeneous system of the wound focus under the action of ultrasound is shown, which allows improving the quality of wound tissue rehabilita- tion, which is a capillary-porous system saturated with wound contents (products of cellular decay, endogenous toxins, microbes). The possi- bility of intensification of mass transfer processes is shown by the example of the extraction of a model of wound contents (50% glycerol solution) from a capillary-porous wound model, under conditions of initiating the “reverse” ultrasonic capillary effect. The possibility of ultra- sonic phonoporation, dispersion and removal of protein layers (model - 15% gelatin solution) from the surface of the wound model is shown to improve the conditions of ultrasonic extraction of wound contents in the process of implementing wound treatment technology. Clinical examples of treatment of patients with complicated postoperative wounds are given.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ТЕПЛООБМЕНА ЖИДКОСТИ В СФЕРИЧЕСКОМ СЛОЕ
Authors: Соловьев С.В. , Чернышев А.В.
Published: October 2024

Представлены результаты численного моделирования нестационарного теплообмена электропроводной жидкости в сферическом слое. Исследовано влияние числа Грасгофа на структуру течения, поля температуры, магнитной индукции и распределение локальных чисел Нуссельта.

Abstract – The results of numerical simulation of unsteady convective heat exchange of electrically conductive fluid in spherical layer are presented. The influence of the Grashof number on the flow structure, temperature field, magnetic induction and the distribution of local Nusselt numbers is investigated.
РАЗРАБОТКА СИСТЕМЫ КОНФИГУРАЦИИ ДЛЯ АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОГО РАСЧЁТА УЧЕБНОЙ НАГРУЗКИ
Authors: Викулин М.А. , Каверная И.Н. , Костыкова О.С.
Published: October 2024

Одной из составляющих учебного процесса является процедура формирование учебной нагрузки. На основе учебной нагрузки составляется расписание занятий и распределяются штатные единицы между кафедрами. Автоматизация процесса формирования нагрузки позволяет оптимизировать данный процесс, но, в связи с особенностями расчёта, требует гибкой системы конфигурации, позволяющей задавать формулы расчёта для различных параметров. В данной статье описаны результаты разработки и апробации такого конфигуратора.

One of the components of the educational process is the procedure for the formation of an academic load. On the basis of the academic load, the schedule of classes is compiled and the established units are distributed between the departments. Automation of the process of formation of the load allows you to optimize this process, but, due to the peculiarities of the calculation, requires a flexible configuration system that allows you to set the calculation formula for various parameters. This article describes the results of the development and testing of such a configurator.
МЕТОД ДИАГНОСТИКИ НЕСАНКЦИОНИРОВАННОГО ОТБОРА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ В СОСТАВЕ АСКУЭ
Authors: Оморов Т.Т. , Осмонова Р.Ч. , Закиряев К.Э.
Published: October 2024

Автоматизированные системы контроля и учета электроэнергии (АСКУЭ), используемые в настоящее время в распределительных электрических сетях (РЭС) относятся к классу информационно-измерительных систем. В их составе главным образом реализуются функции коммерческого учета электроэнергии, а диагностические и оптимизационные задачи по существу не решаются, что снижает их эффективность и технико-экономические показатели распределительных компаний. В статье формулируется задача диагностики несанкционированного отбора электроэнергии в сети в условиях несимметрии токов и напряжений. Концепция ее решения основана на построении виртуальной упрощенной математической модели РЭС, использование которой позволяет идентифицировать искомую координату места подключения к сети несанкционированного потребителя. Такой подход значительно упрощает процедуру идентификации и сокращает объем вычислительных операций по сравнению с существующими методами. Алгоритм предложенного метода ориентирован для использования в составе диагностической подсистемы АСКУЭ.

Abstract – Automated  systems of monitoring and metering for electricity (ASMME), currently used in distribution electrical networks (DEN/REN - regional electrical networks) belong to the class of information and measurement systems. They mainly perform the functions of commercial electricity metering and diagnostic but optimization tasks are not solved, which reduces their efficiency, technical and economic indicators of distribution companies. The article formulates diagnostics problem of unauthorized electricity withdrawal in a network under unbalanced currents and voltages. This approach greatly simplifies the identification procedure and reduces the amount of computational operations in comparison with existing methods. The concept of its solution is based on the construction of a virtual simplified mathematical model of DEN/REN, which using allows to identify the desired coordinate of the connection to the network of an unauthorized consumer. The algorithm of the proposed method is oriented for using in the diagnostic subsystem of  ASMME.
Kinetic Studies of Zirconium Catalyzed Ring-opening Copolymerization of Epoxide and Cyclic Anhydride
Authors: Hanrahan Kate , Meyers Cassie , Vos Cyler , Lin Jian-Bin , Kozak Christopher
Published: October 2024

Zirconium(IV) isopropoxide complexes supported by the ligands 2-pyridylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-dimethylphenolate), L1, 2-pyridylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-tert-amylphenolate), L2, and N,N-dimethyl-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-dimethylphenolate)ethylenediamine, L3 (1 – 3) when combined with cocatalyst, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride (PPNCl), were assessed for the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and phthalic anhydride (PA). Complex 1, when combined with DMAP, resulted in the highest polyester conversions and selectivity demonstrating the best activity for CHO/PA ROCOP. Kinetic studies with complex 1 determined an overall second-order rate law with a first-order dependance in CHO and catalyst concentrations, and a zero-order dependance in PA concentration. Moderate molar mass polymers with narrow dispersities were obtained and the polymers showed decomposition temperatures above 180 C and glass transition temperatures of 43 C.
Structural and Functional Analysis of SAM-Dependent N-Methyltransferases Involved in Ovoselenol and Ovothiol Biosynthesis
Authors: Ireland Kendra , Kayrouz Chase , Abbott Marissa , Seyedsayamdost Mohammad , Davis Katherine
Published: October 2024

Thio/selenoimidazole N-pi-methyltransferases are an emerging family of enzymes responsible for catalyzing the final enzymatic step in the biosynthesis of ovothiol and ovoselenol, S/Se-containing histidine-derived antioxidants. These unique enzymes are widespread among prokaryotes yet bear only marginal sequence similarity to other known methyltransferases. Likewise, little is known about the structural determinants of their reactivities. Here we report the first ligand-bound X-ray crystal structures of this family, including OvsM from the ovoselenol pathway as well as a member of a previously unknown clade of standalone ovothiol-biosynthetic N-pi-methyltransferases, which we have designated OvoM. Unlike previously reported ovothiol methyltransferases, which are fused as a C-terminal domain to the sulfoxide synthase OvoA, OvoMs are discrete enzymes and function independently. Comparative structural analyses of OvsM and OvoM reveal several conserved, ligand-induced tertiary and secondary structure changes, and suggest that similar conformational changes may apply to dual-domain OvoA enzymes. Mutagenesis experiments support a model in which the rearrangement of OvoA’s two domains facilitates substrate recognition through interaction with a key Tyr residue located within the domain linker. Furthermore, biochemical experiments highlight the essential role of an active site Asp residue, which likely functions as a catalytic base in the SN2-like nucleophilic substitution reaction catalyzed by these enzymes.
aweSOM: a GNN-based Site-of-Metabolism Predictor with Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainty Estimation
Authors: Jacob Roxane Axel , Wieder Oliver , Chen Ya , Mazzolari Angelica , Bergner Andreas , Schleifer Klaus-Juergen , Kirchmair Johannes
Published: October 2024

Accurate determination of the metabolic fate of xenobiotics is essential for ensuring their safety and efficacy. While in vivo and in vitro methods remain the gold standard for assessing metabolic properties, they are both costly and time-consuming. In silico metabolism prediction models offer complementary solutions to tackle the challenging task of improving a compound's metabolic stability without compromising its desired biological activity. This paper introduces aweSOM, a novel graph neural network (GNN)-based site-of-metabolism (SOM) predictor for phase 1 and 2 metabolic reactions. aweSOM leverages deep ensemble learning to decompose the total predictive uncertainty into its aleatoric and epistemic components. Through a detailed analysis of experimental results and case studies, we show how these uncertainty estimates enhance prediction reliability, provide valuable insights to guide future model improvements and data expansion strategies, and help to improve the efficiency of experimental metabolic characterization for novel compounds.
On the Entanglement of Chromophore and Solvent Orbitals
Authors: Ji Xinwei , Pei Zheng , Huynh Kim Ngan , Yang Junjie , Pan Xiaoliang , Wang Binju , Mao Yuezhi , Shao Yihan
Published: October 2024

Among various types of chromophore-solvent interactions, the entanglement of chromophore and solvent orbitals, when significant, can cause the chromophore frontier orbitals to spread over to nearby solvent molecules, introducing partial charge-transfer character to the lowest excitations of the chromophore and lowering the excitation energies. While highly intuitive, the physical details of such orbital entanglement effects on the excitation energies of chromophore have yet to be fully explored. Here, using two well-known biochromophores (oxyluciferin and p-hydroxybenzyledene imidazolinone) as examples, we show that the chromophore-solvent orbital entanglements can be elucidated using two quantum mechanical embedding schemes: density matrix embedding theory (DMET) and absolutely localized molecular orbitals analysis (ALMO). However, there remains a great challenge to incorporate the orbital entanglement effect in combined quantum mechanical molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations, and we hope that our findings will stimulate development of new methods in that direction
استخدام تقنية Blockchain في تحسين إدارة المخاطر الائتمانية*
Authors: اسماعيل بشير , رمو وحيد
Published: October 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى توضيح على تقنية Blockchain والمجالات التي يمكن تطبيقها، فضلاً عن استخدام هذه التقنية في تطوير الانظمة المحاسبية وزيادة جودة المعلومات المحاسبية لتسهيل عملية اتخاذ القرارات المتعلقة بمنح الائتمان، وكذلك بيان دور هذه التقنية في التنبؤات المستقبلية وتحسين إدارة المخاطر الائتمانية. ولتحقيق اهداف الدراسة، تم اعتماد منهج البراغماتي التي تمزج بين المنهجين الاستقرائي والاستنباطي لمناقشة أساسيات تقنية Blockchain وأهم آثارها المحاسبية من خلال استمارة استبانة المخصصة لأخذ آراء الأكاديميين والمهنيين من الأساتذة العاملين في الجامعات الحكومية العراقية وإقليم كوردستان. وتوصلت نتائج هذا البحث الى وجود تأثير تقنية Blockchain في تحسين إدارة المخاطر الائتمانية. وان هذا التأثير جاءت نتيجة التغيرات التي حصلت في مستوى تحسين إدارة المخاطر الائتمانية ناتج عن التغير في مستوى استخدام تقنية Blockchain.
OBJECTION! USE OF A.I.!
Authors: Wolfs Sybren
Published: October 2024

Generative artificial intelligence (A.I.), most prominently ChatGPT, has generated massive amounts of hype around the world, including in litigation. The use of this technology, while possibly beneficial in certain regards, also poses significant risks: misinformation and made-up information, breaches of legal professional privilege, data collection and retention, damage to judicial integrity, and concerns about ethics. This paper set out to (1) review the risks that the use of generative A.I. poses in litigation, and (2) suggest regulations to address said risks. The findings showed that generative A.I., in its current form, should be prohibited altogether in litigation. Its use in the future, if allowed to be used, should be strictly regulated. Whether generative A.I. should be involved in litigation at all remains an open societal question which urgently demands consideration.
 
Keywords: generative artificial intelligence, litigation, regulation, ChatGPT, literature review
Laminin-α2 chain deficiency in skeletal muscle causes dysregulation of multiple cellular mechanisms
Authors: Martins Susana G , Ribeiro Vanessa , Melo Catarina , Paulino-Cavaco Cláudia , Antonini Dario , Dayalan Naidu Sharadha , Murtinheira Fernanda , Fonseca Inês , Saget Bérénice , Pita Mafalda , Fernandes Diogo R , Gameiro dos Santos Pedro , Rodrigues Gabriela , Zilhão Rita , Herrera Federico , Dinkova-Kostova Albena T , Carlos Ana Rita , Thorsteinsdóttir Sólveig
Published: October 2024

LAMA2, coding for the laminin-α2 chain, is a crucial ECM component, particularly abundant in skeletal muscle. Mutations inLAMA2trigger the often-lethalLAMA2-congenital muscular dystrophy (LAMA2-CMD). Various phenotypes have been linked to LAMA2-CMD; nevertheless, the precise mechanisms that malfunction during disease onset in utero remain unknown. We generatedLama2-deficient C2C12 cells and found thatLama2-deficient myoblasts display proliferation, differentiation, and fusion defects, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, fetal myoblasts isolated from thedyWmouse model of LAMA2-CMD display impaired differentiation and fusion in vitro. We also showed that disease onset during fetal development is characterized by a significant down-regulation of gene expression in muscle fibers, causing pronounced effects on cytoskeletal organization, muscle differentiation, and altered DNA repair and oxidative stress responses. Together, our findings provide unique insights into the critical importance of the laminin-α2 chain for muscle differentiation and muscle cell homeostasis.
V. N. Myasishchev’s Contribution to the Development of “Relationship” Category
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Artemeva O. A. , Raspopova P. S. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: October 2024

The article presents the problem of the categorical analysis of the «relationship» concept. It gives a brief overview of modern publications devoted to «relationship» category, V. N. Myasishchev’s and other national researchers’ contribution to its development. The author discusses the results of the analysis of V. N. Myasishchev’s contribution to the development of «relationship» category building on M. G. Yaroshevsky’s and A. V. Petrovsky’s views on the levels of psychological science categories and criteria of the categorical status of the concept introduced by N. V. Bogdanovich. The conclusion has been made that the categorical status of the «relationship» concept in the author’s view correlates with the criteria of finiteness, systematization, methodological and, at the limit, principal-generating criterion; and that it can be regarded to belong not only to basic categories, but also to meta-psychological ones. The author identified perspective direction of methodological analysis of relationships in psychology.
Enhanced mental health prediction with deep neural networks for accurate diagnosis
Authors: Takkellapati Ananya Madhuri , Valamala Mounika , Kattepogu Archana , Saida Rao , Chintalapudi V. Suresh
Published: October 2024

This research investigates machine learning models for predicting mental health consequences using survey data. The study employs a two-phase approach first, it utilizes TensorFlow for initial Deep Neural Network (DNN) model building, and then it applies Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes classifier, and decision tree methods for comparative analysis. The DNN model demonstrates strong performance, achieving high accuracy in mental health prediction. Metrics such as testing time, precision, mean absolute error, and accuracy are compared to provide insight into the advantages and disadvantages of each model. While the DNN model excels in accuracy and precision, other models offer trade-offs in computational efficiency. The results clarify the role of machine learning in mental wellness evaluation and intervention, providing guidance for further research and real-world applications. This research enhances the discourse on predictive modeling for mental health outcomes, facilitating advancements in leveraging machine learning to improve mental health assessment and intervention strategies.
Gülderen Şelalesi (Hayrat, Trabzon) Briyofitleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Ayhan Edanur , Batan Nevzat , Yilmaz Zeynep Gizem
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde bulunan Gülderen Şelalesi (Hayrat, Trabzon ) ve çevresinin briyofitleri araştırılmıştır. 2023 yılı aralık ve 2024 yılı mart ayları olmak üzeri iki farklı dönemde gerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmaları sırasında 4 farklı istasyondan toplanan yaklaşık 150 briyofit örneği incelenmesi sonucunda; 35 familya ve 63 cinse ait 104 briyofit taksonu tanımlanmış olup bunların 89 taksonu karayosunlarına, 15 taksonu da ciğerotlarına aittir. Ayrıca 1 ciğerotu ve 1 karayosunu taksonu Trabzon için, 51 takson Hayrat ilçesi için yeni kayıt olarak belirlenmiştir.
Mathematics and Science Teachers’ Perceptions of Integrated STEM Education in Private Middle Schools in Lebanon
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University -- Chouran Beirut, Ayad Tamam
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine middle school mathematics and science teachers’ perceptions of I-STEM in education in private schools in Beirut and Mount Lebanon Governorates. I-STEM education calls for the integration of science, mathematics, engineering, and technology. In Lebanon, I-STEM education has not been widely adopted on the national level, and middle school teachers’ perceptions have never been researched. Using an exploratory case-study approach, teachers’ conceptualizations of I-STEM, opportunities, challenges, and recommendations were identified using a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The online questionnaire was emailed to 42 mathematics and science teachers at different private schools, and seven semi-structured interviews were conducted. The responses to the Likert scale items in the questionnaire were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics. The responses from the two open-ended questions in the questionnaire and the interviews were analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis. The findings of the study exhibited mixed perceptions among teachers. Teachers accentuated the importance of I-STEM education, yet they were demotivated due to various hurdles such as time restrictions, scarcity of STEM resources, and lack of a cohesive definition. Teachers illustrated some recommendations to facilitate STEM integration in Lebanon such as availability of resources, flexibility in time plans, enhancement of the curricula, accessibility to authentic assessment tools and quality professional development for teachers. Slight discrepancies emerged in perceptions between teachers at the level of the subject of expertise and the level of the curricula adopted. Science teachers expressed a slight reluctance towards I-STEM education and teachers of the Lebanese curriculum exhibited further hesitation toward I-STEM education.
Lebanese Youth’s Political Participation Between the 2018 and 2022 Elections in light of the Multidimensional Crises
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University -- Chouran Beirut, Abou Dargham Waed
Published: October 2024

This thesis focuses on the youth’s political participation in Lebanese parliamentary elections by exploring the research question: How has the political engagement of Lebanese youth shifted in the context of Lebanon's multi-dimensional crises and sectarian system, between the 2018 and 2022 parliamentary elections? It examines the Lebanese consociational model, sectarian political system, local political context, and youth’s shy political participation during the 2018 elections in light of a series of postponements and a noticeable municipal electoral experience for civil society groups. Then, it provides an analysis of the multi-dimensional crises that peaked in 2022 to identify the key challenges faced by Lebanese youth, culminating in their increased political support of alternative political groups in the Parliamentary elections of 2022, in addition to their calls for reform. To address this, this thesis relies on secondary data collection from social media platforms, previously published key informant interviews, and voter turnout figures through pre-election polls with Lebanese youth. Lebanon’s sectarian system and multidimensional crises have placed Lebanese youth in a critical state, but contributed to a strong political momentum. Thus, Lebanese youth experienced an increase in political interest and trust in alternative groups. This new found political orientation was reflected in the youth’s political activism, resulting in the victory of 12 new members of parliament from alternative groups. However, this was followed by a decrease in political motivation after 2022 as the country witnessed a political stalemate. In brief, this thesis highlights the role of youth in the Lebanese political arena and contributes to an understanding of youth empowerment.
The Role of Palladin in the Regulation of A172 Glioblastoma Cell Adhesion and Invasion through its Crosstalk with RhoGTPases
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University -- Chouran Beirut, Assi Zahraa
Published: October 2024

Classified as a grade IV neoplasm, Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is considered a highly lethal and malignant tumor of the brain and the central nervous system (CNS). This cancer might arise with a benign nature which will lead to its localization to the primary tumor site. However, it might progress, develop, and metastasize to distinct regions of the body. For this to occur, GBMs will be relying on different cellular processes that will ensure the remodeling of its actin cytoskeleton providing the cells with movement abilities, by regulating cell adhesion, cell invasion, and invadopodia formation. Palladin is a novel phosphoprotein, discovered recently as a scaffold regulator of the actin filaments through its binding with its partners and via its crosstalk with RhoGTPases. Our study investigated the role presented by Palladin in modulating these cellular processes in GBMs, by its control over the rearrangement of actin bundles as well as its interplay with RhoGTPases. The findings of this research suggested that Palladin is a positive regulator of GBM cell adhesion through its effect on RhoA expression. In addition, this protein was also found to be a negative modulator of cell invasion in this tumor via controlling the formation of invadopodia structures mediating this mechanism.
Mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra e os seus impactos nos serviços ecossistêmicos do município de Juína, Amazônia Meridional
Authors: De Brito Gomes dos Santos Josiane , Alves Nunes Marcos Leandro , Alves da Silva Neves Sandra Mara , Lemos Cássia Maria Gama , De Souza Hacon Sandra
Published: October 2024

As mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra na Amazônia têm resultado em constantes perdas e degradação florestal, que comprometem a capacidade do ecossistema fornecer seus inestimáveis serviços. Este estudo objetivou analisar as mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra e os seus impactos nos serviços ecossistêmicos, especificamente na hidrologia e no solo, e efeitos no clima, na saúde e qualidade de vida das populações da municipalidade mato-grossense de Juína, no período de 1985 a 2021. A classificação do uso e cobertura da terra foi obtida por meio dos dados disponibilizados pelo Projeto MapBiomas. Dados de precipitação e vazão foram analisados por técnicas de estatística descritiva e pelo teste de tendência de Mann-Kendall e de Sen´s slope. Empregou-se, ainda, consulta bibliográfica para análise das implicações nos serviços ecossistêmicos. Ocorreu perda florestal de 16%, com uma tendência de diminuição de 11.348,6 ha.ano-1, enquanto todos os usos antrópicos apresentaram tendência significativa de aumento. O maior destaque foi para as áreas de pastagens, que ocuparam 14,9% da área total do município, com uma tendência de aumento de 10.967,6 ha.ano-1. Em resposta à tais mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra, constatou-se uma tendência significativa de redução da precipitação de 11 mm.ano-1, assim como na disponibilidade hídrica e na capacidade dos solos de fornecer múltiplos serviços ecossistêmicos. As evidências aqui apontadas demonstram a indissociável relação do desmatamento e os impactos nos serviços ecossistêmicos, que aumentam as desigualdades socioeconômicas e afetam a saúde e qualidade de vida nos sistemas socioecológicos, sobretudo às populações mais vulneráveis.
User Satisfaction and Challenges in Telemedicine Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors:   Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Adinda Havivi Rizky , Syakurah Rizma Adlia ,   Public Health Science Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Pariyana Pariyana ,   Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of  Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in telemedicine utilization in Indonesia, necessitating increased attention toward user satisfaction and encountering obstacles in telemedicine services. This study aims to analyze the satisfaction and barriers faced by users of telemedicine applications, considering population characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Subjects and Method: Using a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach, the study encompassed the entire population of telemedicine users during the COVID-19 pandemic, with samples adhering to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through Google Forms questionnaires from August 2020 to November 2020. Subsequently, data were subjected to chi-square tests (alternative: Kruskal-Wallis) and logistic regression analyses, with p-value<0.05 and 95% confidence interval. User satisfaction with telemedicine was associated with factors such as domicile, settlement, provider, health insurance, and utilized internet network (p<0.05). Results: User satisfaction with telemedicine was associated with factors such as domicile, settlement, provider, health insurance, and utilized internet network (p<0.05). Conversely, barriers encountered in telemedicine exhibited associations with gender, marital status, age, regional origin, residence, education, occupation, health insurance, income, provider type, internet network, and internet quota (p<0.05). A significant correlation was observed between barriers and user satisfaction with tele¬medicine (p<0.001). The most influential factor affecting satisfaction was income less than Rp 1,500,000 per month (OR 30.818; 95% CI: 1.75 to 542.39), while pay ranging from Rp 3,500,000 to 5,500,000 per month exhibited the most substantial impact on barriers (OR 5.266; 95% CI: 2.326-11.920) Conclusion: The majority of respondents expressed satisfaction and encountered no obstacles when employing telemedicine. Respondents suggested enhancing telemedicine usage by emphasizing the importance of diagnostic accuracy, simplifying processes, maintaining confidentiality, optimizing application features, and improving network speed. Keywords: COVID-19, barriers, satisfaction, telemedicine
Analysis of Influential Factors on Postnatal Care Utilization: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study in Kwadaso Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Owusu Sarah Boafowaa , Bonney Richard Abeiku , Safo Kwame Sarkodie , Abudey Samuel , Adu Randolph Baah , Dassah Edward Tieru
Published: October 2024

Background: Postnatal care is central to maternal well-being as it averts cognitive complications and illnesses that come from childbirth. Non-utilization of postnatal care hinders initiatives aimed at improving maternal morbidity and mortality because postnatal care is an essential component of those initiatives. This study sought to determine factors associated with the utilization of postnatal care services among mothers in Kwadaso Municipality.
Subjects and Method: Community-based cross-sectional study to assess the factors associated with utilization of postnatal care services among mothers in Kwadaso Municipality. A multistage sampling technique was used to recruit 568 women for the study. The dependent variable was mothers' utilization of postnatal care (PNC). The independent variable was demographic characteris­tics of mothers, socio-economic status, educational level, accessibility to healthcare facilities, know­ledge of PNC Services, and awareness of PNC services. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, the data obtained were analyzed using STATA version 14.0, and the variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression and p=0.050 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age was 20-25 years 22.4 (SD=3.7 years) and 55.5% were married. The level of knowledge of the mothers on postnatal care services was 71.8% and 82.3% of the subjects knew postnatal period is more dangerous to the lives of mothers and their babies. The unadjusted odds of women who were married (OR= 2.11; 95% CI= 0.86 to 7.46; p=0.042), with two children (OR=4.17; 95% CI= 0.03 to 5.30; p= 0.025), earned GHC 500.00 monthly (OR= 3.47; 95% CI= 0.26 to 5.73; p=0.038), or delivered at the hospital (OR= 3.18= 95%CI= 0.02 to 8.06; p=0.014) were statistically significantly higher in women who were not married, had more than or less than four children, earned less than GHC 500.00 or delivered at other places aside the hospital.
Conclusion: This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on maternal health and underscores the importance of evidence-based interventions to improve the health and well-being of mothers and infants.
Exploring Gender Disparities in Digital Skills: Evidence from the Serbian Tourism Sector
Authors: Bradić-Martinović Aleksandra , Lazić Milena , Banović Jelena
Published: October 2024

The paper examines the digital skills of key stakeholders in the Serbian tourism industry (supply side) to identify potential gender gaps in digital proficiency. Employing a cross-sectional survey of 418 participants within the tourism industry, we utilized binomial logistic regression to parse out the effects of gender relative to other socio-demographic variables on digital skills. The descriptive results based on DigComp 2.0 methodology reveal notable gender differences, with women showing higher levels of information and communication skills but lagging men in problem-solving and content manipulation skills. However, the binomial logistic regression analysis indicates that gender does not significantly predict digital skill levels in the Serbian tourism sector. Instead, age and education are significant factors, with older individuals less likely to possess advanced digital skills and higher education levels correlating with greater digital proficiency. These findings underscore the critical role of education (formal and informal) in digital skills building, suggesting that comprehensive and targeted educational initiatives could effectively enhance digital skills and competencies across the sector.
Impact of Vertical Vibration on Group Piles During Earthquake Loading: Experimental Findings
Authors: Noman Bilal J. , Albusoda Bushra S.
Published: October 2024

This study presents novel research on the impact of vertical vibration on the dynamic response of pile groups embedded in stratified soil under seismic loading conditions. An experimental setup was employed wherein the piled machine foundation was subjected to vertical vibrations at three operating frequencies (10, 20, and 30 Hz) and subsequently exposed to four levels of seismic acceleration (0.1 g, 0.34 g, 0.77 g, and 0.82 g). Piles with a length-to-diameter ratio of 25 were embedded in a stratified soil profile, with an upper loose layer (30% relative density) and a lower dense layer (80% relative density) acting as end-bearing. Measurements and analyses of horizontal and vertical accelerations, and amplification factors were conducted using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), spectral acceleration (Sa), and variation of acceleration with depth. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in horizontal acceleration, with a peak ground acceleration (PGA) reduction of up to 64% in average, particularly at higher frequencies such as 30 Hz. The mitigation efficiency at 30Hz improved with increasing PGA, showing reductions of 42, 68, 75, and 63% for seismic accelerations of 0.1 g, 0.34 g, 0.77 g, and 0.82 g, respectively. The analysis further revealed harmonic resonance and higher mode effects at lower frequencies, with nonlinear soil behavior affecting the resonance and amplification patterns. Additionally, the results demonstrate that the far-field accelerations exceeded the near-field accelerations within the pile group, particularly in the surface layer. The results indicated that the initial vibration amplitudes exceeded the safe operating limits outlined in ACI 351.3R-18 under seismic loading, particularly at higher seismic acceleration levels and lower frequencies. Additional modified charts were presented to account for these conditions. The results presented promising evidence for using vertical vibrations as an earthquake-mitigation strategy. However, avoiding operating at frequencies less than 10 Hz is recommended because of the potential resonance and interaction with horizontal accelerations during earthquakes. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-010 Full Text: PDF