bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Law and the Emerging Political Economy of Algorithmic Audits
Authors: Terzis Petros , Veale Michael , Gaumann Noëlle
Published: April 2024

Accepted in the Proceedings of the 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency. For almost a decade now, scholarship in and beyond the ACM FAccT community has been focusing on novel and innovative ways and methodologies to audit the functioning of algorithmic systems. Over the years, this research idea and technical project has matured enough to become a regulatory mandate. Today, the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Online Safety Act (OSA) have established the framework within which technology corporations and (traditional) auditors will develop the ‘practice’ of algorithmic auditing thereby presaging how this ‘ecosystem’ will develop. In this paper, we systematically review the auditing provisions in the DSA and the OSA in light of observations from the emerging industry of algorithmic auditing. Who is likely to occupy this space? What are some political and ethical tensions that are likely to arise? How are the mandates of ‘independent auditing’ or ‘the evaluation of the societal context of an algorithmic function’ likely to play out in practice? By shaping the picture of the emerging political economy of algorithmic auditing, we draw attention to strategies and cultures of traditional auditors that risk eroding important regulatory pillars of the DSA and the OSA. Importantly, we warn that ambitious research ideas and technical projects of/for algorithmic auditing may end up crashed by the standardising grip of traditional auditors and/or diluted within a complex web of (sub-)contractual arrangements, diverse portfolios, and tight timelines.
Sentinel-1 SAR-based Globally Distributed Landslide Detection by Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Nava Lorenzo , Mondini Alessandro , Bhuyan Kushanav , Fang Chengyong , Monserrat Oriol , Novellino Alessandro , Catani Filippo
Published: April 2024

Efficient response to large and widespread multiple landslide events (MLEs) demands rapid and effective landslide detection. Despite extensive efforts using optical remotely sensed imagery, limitations in global, day & night, and all-weather operational capabilities remain. To address these gaps, we introduce an approach that harnesses Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter data. This approach is designed through the analysis of 11 earthquake-induced MLEs, encompassing approximately 73 thousand landslides that occurred worldwide in a variety of different geo-settings. We test the reproducibility of the model results on unseen earthquake-induced landslides that occurred in Sumatra and Haiti. The top-performing model achieved a test F1-score of 82% in rapid assessment, indicating significant progress compared to previous attempts. The approach harnesses the cloud computing resources of Google Earth Engine for Sentinel-1 SAR image acquisition and processing, complemented by local computing resources to utilize advanced image classification DNNs capabilities. Through explainable artificial intelligence, our study underscores the efficacy of change detection bands in their superior discriminative capacity to delineate landslide features, surpassing the utilization of backscatter data alone. Moreover, we observe an improved ability to detect landslides within multi-temporal information stacks as opposed to single post-event SAR images. Finally, we introduce the SAR-LRA Tool in its Beta version, providing a valuable resource for rapid and comprehensive all-weather global landslide assessment. The systematic use of the Tool promises to facilitate the timely response to future MLEs. Our work establishes a robust foundation for future research endeavors, wherein SAR and DNNs can be harnessed to identify natural hazards and/or specific earth surface changes in mountainous regions. Given the frequent and increasing occurrence of MLEs, the development of a robust modeling approach is imperative to timely assess the spatial distribution of these phenomena. This research will pave the way for efficient rapid assessment of MLEs in the future.
Moral Humility Reduces Political Divisions
Authors: Vallabha Shree , Brandt Mark John
Published: April 2024

Political and intergroup conflicts are often rooted in moral differences. People claim their side to be morally superior and derogate moral outgroups. Therefore, we propose that moral humility, a domain-specific form of humility, might serve as one antidote to such morally fueled conflicts. We test this in the context of political polarization in the USA. Across 3 studies involving diverse national and student samples (N = 2766), we found higher moral humility to be linked to reduced political animosity, increased support for political compromise and pluralistic norms, greater empathy and respect for the political outgroup, greater perceptions of the political group as moral and non-threatening, amongst others. Importantly, these effects persisted after accounting for domain-general intellectual humility, moral relativism, political identity and extremity, and other controls. This research demonstrates moral humility’s relevance for understanding political polarization, and points the way for a strength-based approach to addressing conflicts
Language models accurately infer correlations between psychological items and scales from text alone
Authors: Hommel Björn Erik , Arslan Ruben C.
Published: April 2024

Many behavioural scientists do not agree on core constructs and how they should be measured. Different literatures measure related constructs, but the connections are not always obvious to readers and meta-analysts. Many measures in behavioural science are based on agreement with survey items. Because these items are sentences, computerised language models can make connections between disparate measures and constructs and help researchers regain an overview over the rapidly growing, fragmented literature. Our fine-tuned language model, the SurveyBot3000, accurately predicts the correlations between survey items, the reliability of aggregated measurement scales, and intercorrelations between scales from item positions in semantic vector space. In our pilot study, the out-of-sample accuracy for item correlations was .71, .86 for reliabilities, and .89 for scale correlations. In a preregistered study, we will investigate whether the performance of our model generalises to measures across behavioural science.
The Effect of Caregiver Opinion Leaders to Increase Demand for Evidence-Based Practices for Youth Anxiety: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Crane Margaret Ellen , Atkins Marc S. , Becker Sara J. , Purtle Jonathan , Dysart Gillian C , Keller Sydney , Brauer Olivia , Tiwari Sirina E. , Olino Thomas M , Baez Lara , Lestino John , Kendall Philip C.
Published: April 2024

Background: Dissemination initiatives have the potential to increase consumer knowledge of and engagement with evidence-based treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy; CBT). Opinion leaders (OLs) have been used in public health campaigns, but have not been examined for the dissemination of mental health treatments. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior to test the dissemination strategy of involving an OL in an educational presentation to increase caregiver demand for CBT for youth anxiety. Methods: Participants (N=262; 92% Female; 69% White, 82% non-Hispanic) were caregivers who registered for a virtual presentation on youth anxiety treatment through their child’s school. Schools within 1.5-hour drive of Philadelphia, PA were cluster-randomized (k=25; two-arm prospective randomization) to the OL condition (presented by a clinical researcher and local caregiver OL; n = 119 participants) or the researcher-only condition (n = 143 participants). Presentations occurred from May 2021-2022. Measures were completed pre- and post-presentation, and at three-month follow-up. Results: Relative to the researcher co-presenter, participants rated the OL as significantly more relatable, familiar, similar, and understanding of their community, but less credible than the researcher co-presenter. In both conditions, there was a significant pre-post increase in participants’ knowledge of, attitudes about, subjective norms related to, and intention of seeking CBT for youth anxiety, but not stigma. Presentation conditions did not differ in change on these measures, or on rates of seeking youth anxiety CBT at follow-up.Conclusions: Although involvement of a caregiver OL did not increase caregiver demand for EBT for youth anxiety, the outreach presentation was associated with increases in knowledge of, attitudes about, subjective norms related to, and intention to seek CBT for youth anxiety. Involving OLs in researcher delivered dissemination efforts may not be necessary for all consumer audiences, but may be beneficial for engendering a sense of relatability, similarity, and connection with disseminators.
Informational Lobbying and Implementation Standards
Authors: Blumenthal Benjamin
Published: April 2024

Policymakers are often uncertain about the right course of action. To inform their decisions, policymakers might rely on information provided by interest groups (IGs). Given that their interests are often misaligned, IGs might under-provide information to policymakers. This paper explores the possibility for policymakers of committing to implementation standards prior to IGs’ lobbying, to induce more information transmission. I show that setting implementation standards ex-ante can benefit policymakers, despite possible ex-post inefficiencies, by inducing informational lobbying in cases in which IGs would not have lobbied with implementation standards set ex-post. I discuss implications of these results for constitutional design, legislative politics, and bureaucratic politics.
Insect-based livestock feeds are unlikely to become economically viable in the near future
Authors: Biteau Corentin , Bry-Chevalier Tom , Crummett Dustin , Ryba Ren , St. Jules Michael
Published: April 2024

Insect meal has been proposed as one way for the food system to reduce its reliance on fishmeal and soy meal, given the environmental and human rights problems associated with those inputs. However, insect meal is currently too expensive to compete with fishmeal and soy meal, hindering its adoption in large-scale agriculture. There is little indication that insect meal will become cheaper in the near future, especially as the insect industry encounters barriers such as a lack of large-scale production technologies, limited utilisation of food waste, and a lack of standardisation in insect meal quality. One solution may be to set up production facilities in tropical countries, where energy needs are lower and labour costs are cheaper, but this would mean sacrificing food self-sufficiency and potentially causing job losses. Another solution involves charging a premium for insect-fed meat, but studies reveal that consumers would be unlikely to pay such a premium. Overall, it is unlikely that insect meal will displace fishmeal and soy meal in the near future; it may be more realistic to address the challenges associated with forage fish depletion and soy production via increased agricultural efficiency and targeted domestic and transnational policy instruments.
Global Care Policy Index 2020 Country Report: Australia
Authors: Harisfadillah Izzah Haziqah , Paul Anju Mary
Published: April 2024

Australia has comprehensive laws and social security mechanisms to protect domestic caregivers and careworkers. However, there is a lack of formal recognition of and public information on paid domestic work. This oversight extends to national regulations on fair employment processes and decent work conditions for domestic workers. As a result, Australia ranks slightly higher on Sub-Index A than Sub-Index B. With a total of 6.55, Australia is rated as “Maturing” on the Global Care Policy Index.
Top Research Performance in Poland Over Three Decades: A Multidimensional Micro-Data Approach
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Roszka Wojciech
Published: April 2024

In this research, the contributions of a highly productive minority of scientists to the national Polish research output over the past three decades (1992–2021) is explored. In almost all previous research, the approaches to high research productivity are missing the time component. Cross-sectional studies were not complemented by longitudinal studies: Scientists comprising the classes of top performers have not been tracked over time. Three classes of top performers (the upper 1%, 5%, and 10%) are examined, and a surprising temporal stability of productivity patterns is found. The 1/10 and 10/50 rules consistently apply across the three decades: The upper 1% of scientists, on average, account for 10% of the national output, and the upper 10% account for almost 50% of total output, with significant disciplinary variations. The Relative Presence Index (RPI) we constructed shows that men are overrepresented and women underrepresented in all top performers classes. Top performers are studied longitudinally through their detailed publishing histories, with micro-data coming from the raw Scopus dataset. Econometric models identify the three most important predictors that change the odds ratio estimates of membership in the top performance classes: gender, academic age, and research collaboration. The downward trend in fixed effects over successive six-year periods indicates increasing competition in academia. A large population of all internationally visible Polish scientists (N=152,043) with their 587,558 articles is studied. Implications for high-productivity studies are shown, and limitations are discussed.
Global Care Policy Index 2021 Country Report: Macau
Authors: Haolie Jiang , Paul Anju Mary
Published: April 2024

Macau's labor laws offer robust protections for domestic workers, particularly for migrant workers who make up an overwhelming majority of its paid domestic worker force. However, Macau has much room for improvement for its protections for family caregivers, such as in flexible work arrangements and nursing support in the workplace. Consequently, Macau scores higher for Sub-Index B than for Sub-Index A. With a total score of 6.08, Macau is rated as "Maturing" on the Global Care Policy Index.
Case Report: Sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema – only “NIV and nitroglycerin”?
Authors: Purkarthofer David , Bachner Valentina , Hois Benjamin , Koch Maria , Russ David
Published: April 2024

Introduction An 84-year-old male patient alerted EMS because of severe dyspnea and subsequently presented with respiratory failure due to sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema (SCAPE.) The term SCAPE was coined outside Europe, with guidance on treatment only reflecting drugs available in the US and omitting potentially effective options, as highlighted in this report.[1]
Diagnostic findings The patient presented sweating, pale and tachypneic with auscultatory crackles, radial pulse was palpable. He was able to follow commands, but unable to communicate verbally due to dyspnea. Initial SpO2 showed 80%, NIBP 185/105mmHg. The patient described sudden onset dyspnea as the only symptom. An ECG showed sinus tachycardia and LBBB (SGARBOSSA negative.) ABG showed hypoxemia and acidosis due to hypercapnia and lactatemia.
Main diagnosis In absence of other causes for flash pulmonary edema, SCAPE was suspected.
Therapeutic interventions The patient was supported in sitting position, oxygen applied, a total of 25mg urapidil and 7mg morphine administered intravenously, non-invasive ventilation (CPAP+ASB, PEEP 5mbar, ΔASB 5mbar) initiated and an arterial line placed for invasive blood pressure measurement and ABG.
Outcome While RSI was considered multiple times, the patient improved rapidly during transport and a short NIV duration at the emergency department and was transferred to the ward without further interventions.
Discussion With reducing afterload as main goal of pharmacological therapy, urapidil could be as effective as high-dose i.v. nitroglycerine, which is currently recommended.[2,3] While lacking the effect of venous vasodilation and thus not reducing preload, its effect on sympathetic tone via 5-HT1A-receptors supplemental to affecting arterial vasodilation via α-receptors might make it equally effective while being easier to administer. No data is available comparing urapidil to high-dose nitroglycerin, while it has proven more effective than low-dose nitroglycerin.[4]
Bereitstellung von Nabelschnurresten für Nabelvenenkatheter-Trainings in Graz
Authors: Wlattnig Hannah , Seibitz Petra , Mileder Lukas , Baik-Schneditz Nariae , Urlesberger Berndt , Fluhr Herbert , Palli Helena , Schwaberger Bernhard
Published: April 2024

Fragestellung
Gemäß internationalen Leitlinien ist der Nabelvenenkatheter (NVK) der Gefäßzugang der ersten Wahl, um Notfallmedikamente bei der Reanimation und Stabilisierung Neugeborener direkt nach der Geburt zu verabreichen [1]. Um diesen Zugangsweg bei Geburten in der Präklinik bei Notwendigkeit sicher und effektiv durchführen zu können, muss die Katheterisierung von Nabelvenen durch Notfallsanitäter*innen und Notärzt*innen realitätsnah trainiert werden. In der medizinischen Simulation werden häufig Modelle für das NVK-Training eingesetzt, welche die anatomischen Strukturen nur unzureichend wiedergeben. In Graz wurde ein Simulator entwickelt, der mit humanen Nabelschnurresten ausgestattet wird, um ein realitätsgetreues Training zu ermöglichen [2]. Um dieses Modell einsetzen zu können, sind bei jedem Ausbildungskurs frische Nabelschnurreste vonnöten.
Methoden
In Zusammenarbeit mit allen unter den Affiliationen genannten Organisationen wurde ein Prozess erstellt, der die Bereitstellung von Nabelschnurresten aus dem Kreißsaal der Klinischen Abteilung für Geburtshilfe in Graz und Ausgabe an Vertreter*innen verschiedener Ausbildungsträger (Affiliationen 1, 2, 4-6) zur Verwendung für NVK-Trainings abbildet, und in einer Richtlinie zusammengefasst. Ziel ist es, potenzielle Infektions- und Gesundheitsrisiken zu minimieren, sowie Missbrauch oder Fehlverhalten zu verhindern.
Ergebnisse
Von der Kontaktaufnahme mit der leitenden Hebamme, der korrekten Asservierung der Nabelschnurreste, der Abholung derselben unter Ausweisung und Dokumentation der Identität durch Vertreter*innen der beteiligten Organisationen, bis hin zu den korrekten Hygienemaßnahmen während des Trainings und der fachgerechten Entsorgung als gefährlicher medizinischer Abfall wird der Prozess in der erstellten Richtlinie lückenlos dargestellt.
Diskussion
Nabelschnurreste sind essenziell für ein realistisches NVK-Training. Die Verwendung menschlicher Nabelschnüre für die medizinische Simulation verlangt schon allein aus ethischen Überlegungen einen besonders sorgsamen Umgang. Das Hantieren mit infektiösem Material muss des Weiteren unter Einhaltung hygienischer Standards erfolgen. Der vorgestellte Prozess soll die Bereitstellung von Nabelschnurresten zur sicheren Durchführung von simulationsbasierten NVK-Trainings für definierte Ausbildungsträger in Graz langfristig sicherstellen!
Pedagogical Content Knowledge and the Nepali English Language Teacher Training
Authors: Kshetree Arun Kumar
Published: April 2024

The paper attempts to explore the crucial role of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) within the realm of English language teacher training in Nepal. PCK serves as a vital bridge between teachers’ Content Knowledge (CK) and Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), facilitating effective teaching practices and enhancing student learning outcomes. The study examines the interconnectedness of PK, CK, and PCK, with the aim of improving the quality of teacher preparation programs and ultimately, the English language education system in Nepal. Through an extensive literature review, the research establishes a theoretical foundation, examining the conceptual framework of PCK and its significance in teacher education. It identifies existing gaps and challenges in current Nepalese English language teacher training practices, emphasizing the need for the seamless integration of PK, CK, and PCK in classroom instruction. The paper concludes that the contents of the teacher education and training programs differed from what the experts thought should be given. The broader areas of subject matter become narrower in the TPD program in Nepal. However, the nature of the programs is also responsible for the type of content being tried to be imparted to the English teachers. The research identified various factors influencing the successful implementation of PCK in teacher training. These included limited emphasis on PCK in the curriculum, time and resource constraints, and a lack of alignment between teacher education institutions and school practices. The findings underscored the importance of curriculum reforms and the provision of ongoing professional development opportunities to strengthen PCK integration.
Information Search for Bank Loan: A Study of Nepalese Entrepreneur
Authors: Gyawali Prabin , Acharya Nischal
Published: April 2024

The paper attempts to investigate how consumers search information for bank loans and endeavors to provide insight into the different sources of information that entrepreneurs mostly used to grab detailed information regarding loan services. Based on data collection through structured questionnaires using correlation and regression analysis, results reveal that entrepreneurs mostly use bank sources as a source of information. Though Nepalese Entrepreneurs are aware of sources of information due to the non-availability of the required information as well as the trustworthiness of the obtained information they believe bank sources as trusted and reliable sources rather than other sources. The sample comprising of 130 employees in the Information Technology (IT) industry which were selected by non-probability sampling. It is concluded that Interest rate was found to be the most important criterion followed by the duration of the loan, monthly installment, payment flexibility, and processing fee by Nepalese entrepreneurs to decide the choice of bank.
Motivasi Lepas Adiksi Narapidana Narkoba
Authors: Karindra Leo Rahmat , Rohayati Ade Cici
Published: April 2024

The existence of family support for prisoners is very important because it produces many benefits, one of which is motivation to improve themselves. Drug prisoners are one of the prisoners who really need family support, because there is a phenomenon of addiction that is felt. This study will attempt to show the influence provided by family support on the level of motivation of prisoners, especially to escape drug addiction. The research method used is a quantitative method with a type of correlation research followed by regression analysis. The research respondents used were drug prisoners in Tulungagung Class IIB Correctional Facility with a total of 33 people. Data collection was carried out using questionnaire techniques, namely family support questionnaire and addiction release motivation questionnaire. Referring to the results of the study, it is known that the family support variable has a significant positive effect on the emergence of the variable of motivation to escape addiction in drug prisoners in Tulungagung Class IIB Correctional Facility. This result is based on the calculated t value obtained, which is 7.361. This figure is greater than the t table, which is 1,692 so that the research results accept the Ha hypothesis which means it has a significant effect. The regression equation obtained is Y = 6,691 + 0,669X which has several interpretations of meaning, namely: (1) If the family support variable = 0 (constant), then the value of the addiction release motivation variable is 6.691; and (2) Every additional value in the family support variable, there is an additional value in the addiction release motivation variable of 0,669.
STRATEGIC LAWSUITS AGAINST PUBLIC PARTICIPATION (SLAPP) IN LIGHT OF DISCLOSED SEXUAL VIOLENCE AT UNIVERSITIES IN POLAND – GENERAL REFLECTIONS RELATING TO LEGAL REGULATION AND PRACTICE
Authors: Kładoczny Piotr , Namysłowska-Gabrysiak Barbara
Published: April 2024

This publication aims to present the problem of disclosed sexual violence at higher education institutions in Poland in the light of available anti-discrimination regulations introduced at the University of Warsaw and standards provided by national and EU law. The paper further presents de lege lata institutions used in Poland as SLAPPs with a critical assessment of them and legal instruments possible to use in defence against retaliation. The study proceeds to present de lege ferenda solutions. Within the framework of the developed proposals for legal changes, an analysis is made of actions taken at the international level, particularly within the European Union, which constitute proposed legal regulations aimed at preventing legal retaliatory actions in the future. The analysis of the regulations contained in EU documents was aimed at investigating whether the guidelines enacted take into account effective protection of persons who, by disclosing their experience of sexual violence, expose themselves to retaliatory actions from the perpetrators.
CRIMINAL CARTEL OFFENCE IN THE UK 10 YEARS AFTER THE AMENDMENT. EFFECTIVE REFORM OR FURTHER IMPEDIMENT TO PROSECUTION?
Authors: Król-Bogomilska Małgorzata
Published: April 2024

The article describes the operation in practice of UK regulations that stipulate grounds of criminal liability for the cartel offence for which the court may impose prison sentences and/or fines under the Enterprise Act 2002. Particular attention is paid to assessing the changes to the description of this offence introduced by the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013, which came into force on 1 April 2014. The first fundamental change to this description was to eliminate the element of “dishonesty” in the description of the cartel offence. That change was due to the difficulties involved in proving the “dishonest” nature of the actions of those alleged to have committed the act. Most of the subsequent proceedings involving cartel conspiracies, even when hard-core cartels were alleged, crashed against these problems. The second fundamental change was the introduction into the cartel offence regulation of three types of circumstances giving grounds for finding that an act does not constitute an offence and three possible “defences” against allegations of the cartel offence. The article assesses to what extent these new regulations are able to ensure in practice an effective fight against cartel offences and to what extent they constitute a further impediment to this task. The article also describes the director’s disqualification measure applied under the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986.
THE IMPACT OF SELECTED NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTIONS ON THE CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PERPETRATOR
Authors: Budyn-Kulik Magdalena
Published: April 2024

Knowledge of clinical neuropsychology is of great importance in determining the possibility of holding the perpetrator criminally responsible and determining the scope of that responsibility. In the case of head injuries, the age of the brain, neurobiological and functional plasticity, brain resources, types and depth of dysfunction, as well as the assessment of the effects of current and planned therapy are important when assessing effects of determining responsibility. Findings in the field of clinical neuropsychology may be helpful especially in determining the subjective side (intention) of the perpetrator of the prohibited act, but above all – sanity (capacity). One of the grounds for declaring lack of criminal responsibility is “another disturbance of mental functions” (Article 31(1) Polish Criminal Code (CrC), which may include many neuropsychological conditions, such as frontal lobe syndromes, temporal lobe syndromes, frontotemporal disorders, temporal lobe epilepsy, limbic thalamus disorder, or cerebellar cognitive-affective syndrome. They cause cognitive or emotional deficits that may result in abolishing or limiting to a large extent the ability to recognize the meaning of an act or to control one’s own behavior. Certain neuropsychological findings may be important in determining that an act was committed under the influence of error, for example, in the case of agnosia – that is, the inability to recognize or interpret stimuli regardless of the channel. This text will mainly present selected neuropsychological deficits and their impact on the criminal responsibility of the perpetrator in the context of Article 31 Polish Criminal Code.
Elaboração e divulgação de produtos educacionais no Mestrado Profissional em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (ProfEPT)
Authors: Martins Neto Antonio Virginio , Souza Francisco das Chagas Silva
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo, são apresentados os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa acerca dos produtos educacionais elaborados por egressos e docentes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (ProfEPT) em 4 Institutos Federais (IFSC, IF Sul-Rio-Grandense, IFPR e IFRN), no período de 2019 a 2022. O elevado número de egressos desse Programa à época da pesquisa (1.179) nos levou a optar pelas 4 instituições associadas que tiveram o maior número de egressos no recorte temporal da pesquisa (22,2% do total). Considerando que os produtos educacionais do ProfEPT devem ser voltados para o ensino nas instituições de educação básica, sobretudo nas de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), o objetivo da investigação foi conhecer os tipos de produtos elaborados pelos egressos desse mestrado e averiguar o acesso desse material didático pela sociedade. Foram consultadas duas bases de dados: o Observatório do ProfEPT, onde há os números de egressos e de produtos, e o portal eduCAPES, no qual se encontram os quantitativos de visualizações e de downloads desses produtos. Dos 264 produtos educacionais examinados, predominou os dos tipos “manual/guia/texto de apoio” e “livro”. Quanto ao número de downloads, destacam-se aqueles dos tipos “sequência didática”, “manual/guia/texto de apoio”. Com base em tais resultados, considera-se que o referido Mestrado Profissional tem contribuído para a disseminação de conhecimentos e de práticas pedagógicas sobre a EPT, necessitando, porém, da ampliação da variedade de produtos e de maior engajamento na divulgação dos já elaborados.
Propuestas de intervención en ciudad construida: trabajos de curso 2009-2010. Cuadernos de introducción a la urbanística-CIURB, 02
Authors: García Martín Fernando Miguel
Published: April 2024

Este segundo número de los cuadernos CIURB complementa al primer cuaderno editado. En esta ocasión presentamos las propuestas individuales que realizaron los alumnos de Introducción a la Urbanística, sobre la base de los análisis que previamente habían realizado en las ciudades de Madrid y Barcelona. Partiendo de dichos análisis urbanos, de los cuales se publicaron las mejores propuestas en el primer número de CIURB, los alumnos, de manera individual eligieron libremente un ámbito o barrio de cada ciudad, para proponer una mejora de intervención urbana, en ciudad construida. Las intervenciones deberían consistir, como condición en la apertura o tratamiento de un espacio público, la mejora del trazado global del barrio, la incorporación de un pequeño equipamiento local, o la creación de una zona verde o espacio libre. En cualquiera de las soluciones adoptadas por los alumnos, debería quedar justificada la mejora urbana que la intervención proporcionaría al barrio en cuestión. Presentamos en este CIURB-02 las propuestas que alcanzaron mayor calidad entre el conjunto del alumnado. Son 12 ejercicios individuales, en los que se pretendía que los alumnos hicieran un salto desde la fase de análisis urbano a la fase propositiva, como adelanto a los conocimientos y tareas que desarrollarían en al siguiente asignatura, Urbanística I, de tercer curso.
La innovación docente aplicada a la calidad de los títulos universitarios en la UPCT (curso 2017-18)
Authors: García Martín Antonio , Conesa Pastor Julián Francisco , Blancafort Sansó Jaume
Published: April 2024

Este libro documenta los trabajos realizados en tres de los proyectos de innovación docente desarrollados durante la convocatoria 2017-18 del Vicerrectorado de Profesorado e Innovación Docente de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT): Elaboración de rúbricas para los Trabajos Fin de Estudios, Análisis de la relación entre la satisfacción de los estudiantes con la actividad docente y la carga de trabajo percibida, los resultados académicos y otras variables del proceso formativo y Proyecto arquitectónico, documentación patrimonial, creación colectiva y transferencia cívica. En todos los casos se ha trabajado para generar herramientas o criterios que puedan ser de utilidad para el conjunto de los títulos oficiales de Grado y Máster de la UPCT, y contribuir al aseguramiento interno de la calidad de los títulos y a la superación de los programas de aseguramiento externo de la calidad de ANECA. Este aspecto de la innovación docente es necesario y, en los últimos años, se ha revelado especialmente fructífero en nuestra Universidad.
THE EFFECT OF AUTOMESOCONCENTRATE OF PLATELETS ON THE STAGES OF REGENERATION OF THE LIVER REMNANT OF RATS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF PERFORMING VOLUMETRIC EXPERIMENTAL LIVER RESECTIONS
Authors: Salyutin Ruslan V. , Yuzvyk Kostyantyn O.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Liver regeneration occurs in three stages, each of which is regulated by different factors: the initiation phase is regulated by interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα); expansion phase – by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα); the terminal phase – transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and activins. The work determined the level of markers of the main stages of liver regeneration after resection of 65-70% of the parenchyma of this organ in rats under the conditions of using different doses and schemes of administration of automesoconcentrate of platelets (AMС). The purpose of the study is to establish the characteristics of changes in the level of cytokines and growth factors in the homogenate of the liver of rats after resection of 65-70% of the parenchyma of this organ under the conditions of the use of different doses and schemes of AMС administration.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on white Wistar rats aged 1.5-2 months, weighing 150-180 g. AMС was injected: into the parenchyma of the liver remnant during resection at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg (group I); into the tail vein in the postoperative period at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg 3 hours and 48 hours after liver resection (group II); into the tail vein in the postoperative period at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg 3 hours and 48 hours after resection.
Research results and discussion. It was shown that on the 7th day after liver resection, the level of TNF-α and IL-6 increased in all experimental groups, followed by a decrease on the 10th day to control values in the group of animals that received AMA intravenously at a dose of 1 ml/kg masses of animals. It was established that the values of HGF and TGFα in the liver homogenate of animals that underwent liver resection were significantly higher than in the control group on the 7th day of the experiment. At the later stages of the experiment, a decrease in the levels of HGF and TGFα in the liver homogenate was observed in the animals of groups I and III, but the studied indicators did not reach control values. In animals of group II, indicators of HGF and TGFα content remained at the highest level. The increase in the content of TGFβ and activins in the homogenate of the liver of rats in all experimental groups indicates the intensification of the terminal phase of liver regeneration on the 10th day after liver resection.
Conclusions. Therefore, under the action of a dose of АМС equal to 1 ml/kg, the regeneration processes occur most intensively, the peak of which occurs 7-10 days after the resection. Administration of AMA into the liver parenchyma at a lower dose of 0.5 ml/kg or intravenous administration of the same dose does not contribute to the complete restoration of regenerative processes in the liver, as indicated by increased levels of TGFα and HGF on the 10th day after liver resection and administration of AMA.
FEASIBILITY OF USING A PROBIOTIC BACTERIAL COMPLEX IN THE FORM OF A THROAT SPRAY IN THE LOCAL TREATMENT OF ACUTE VIRAL TONSILLITIS
Authors: Bezega Mykhailo I. , Bezshapochnyi Serhii B. , Zachepylo Svitlana V. , Polyanska Valentyna P. , Bobrova Nelya O.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the feasibility of using a probiotic bacterial complex in the form of a throat spray in the local treatment of acute viral tonsillitis based on the analysis of its clinical and microbiological efficacy.
Materials and methods. The randomized controlled trial involved 46 people with acute tonsillitis diagnosed on the basis of clinical and pharyngoscopic signs. According to the treatment received, patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients in the control group (23 people) were treated according to the unified clinical protocol "Tonsillitis". The main group included 23 patients who, in addition to the protocol treatment, received a probiotic agent in the form of a throat spray containing a complex of bacteria of the genus Bacillus. To exclude the bacterial etiology of acute tonsillitis, a modified Centor scale (McIsaac scale) was used. Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment was based on the study of the dynamics of clinical and pharyngoscopic signs of the disease, as well as the establishment of quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiota of the palatine tonsils during treatment.
Results. The analysis of the dynamics of the main clinical and pharyngoscopic parameters indicates a more significant and rapid normalization in patients of the main group. The results of microbiological studies show that the use of a probiotic bacterial complex in the treatment of acute tonsillitis in patients of the main group contributed to the elimination of dysbiotic changes, restoration of the population level of the main representatives of the palatine tonsils microbiome and colonization resistance of the oropharynx.
Conclusions. It has been established that acute viral inflammation of the palatine tonsils occurs under conditions of quantitative and qualitative changes in the species composition of the microbiota of this biotope and is accompanied by an increase in dysbiotic disorders during the course of the disease. It has been confirmed that the use of a probiotic bacterial complex in the form of a spray in the local treatment of acute viral tonsillitis is appropriate due to its proven clinical and microbiological efficacy, and also makes it possible to refrain from premature administration of antibacterial chemotherapy.
THE IMPACT OF PERMANENT STRESS CAUSED BY THE WAR IN UKRAINE ON THE STATE OF PATIENTS WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION DUE TO LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Petrushenko Viktoriia V. , Grebeniuk Dmytro I. , Martsynkovskyi Ihor P. , Slobodianiuk Dmytro P. , Radoha Iaroslav V. , Sidorov Serhii A. , Mosondz Vasyl V.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of permanent stress and features of medical care in martial law on the indicators of liver function and quality of life of patients with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis.
Materials and methods. The study included 37 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of liver cirrhosis complicated by portal hypertension and esophageal variceal bleeding. According to performed interventions all patients were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 – endoscopic band ligation and partial splenic artery embolization; Group 2 – endoscopic band ligation; Group 3 – endoscopic band ligation. The difference between Group 2 and Group 3 patients was that Group 2 patients were in a state of permanent stress due to the war. There were 4 visits with an interval of 1 month. At each time point, the levels of laboratory parameters of functional state of the liver and quality of life using RAND SF-36 questionnaire were evaluated.
Results. Patients in all three groups during the first month showed an improvement in both laboratory indicators of liver function and integrated quality of life. In patients of Group 1 there was a progressive improvement in both the functional status of the liver and quality of life. In Group 2 the lack of any manipulations and maintenance therapy led to a lack of positive dynamics in patients. Staying in a state of permanent stress led to a progressive deterioration in the condition of patients in Group 3 starting from the second visit. Initially, the deterioration affected only the quality of life, but later it also manifested itself as a violation of the indicators of the functional state of the liver.
Conclusions. The cumulative effect of permanent stress in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by portal hypertension is manifested by an early deterioration in the quality of life with later violations of liver function.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF TWO REHABILITATION PROGRAMS ON SPINAL MOBILITY AND PAIN INTENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH SPINAL DISCOPATHY
Authors: Goliachenko Andrii O.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Approximately 80% of people experience back pain throughout their lives. A common problem of patients with low back pain is a significant limitation of mobility. Rehabilitation programs are usually recommended. Programs should include exercises that build flexibility, endurance, and strength. Kinesiotherapy is complemented by physiotherapy procedures, which are mainly aimed at analgesic and relaxing effects.
The aim of the study was to compare the effect of two rehabilitation programs that differ in the type of kinesiotherapy on the mobility of the lumbar spine and the level of pain intensity in people with L5-S1 segment discopathy.
Materials and methods. The study involved 30 patients undergoing 14 days of rehabilitation treatment. The criterion for dividing the subjects into groups was the method of kinesitherapy. The first group (Gr1) consisted of 15 patients who did gymnastics in the pool twice a day, and the second group (Gr2) consisted of 15 patients who attended therapeutic gymnastics classes in the gym twice a day. The exercises were aimed at improving the range of motion of the spine, strength and endurance of postural muscles. A visual analog scale was used to assess the intensity of pain. The distance between standard anthropometric points in the resting position and in the extreme position of movement was measured to assess the range of spinal movements.
Results. After rehabilitation, the amplitude of movements of the lumbar spine increased in most patients. In Gr1, an increase in the range of forward spinal flexion by 9.2 cm (p = 0.001), rotation to the right by 0.63 cm (p = 0.03), and to the left by 1.33 cm (p = 0.007) was detected. In Gr2, the range of forward flexion increased by 12.6 cm (p = 0.005), left rotation by 0.94 cm (p = 0.035), and right flexion by 1.41 cm (p = 0.002). In the case of other movements, no statistically significant changes were found.
In Gr1, the average pain intensity according to the VAS was 4.9 ± 2.3 points before the start of the physiotherapy program and 3.6 ± 1.7 points after its completion (p = 0.04). In Gr2, the VAS values were 5.1 ± 2.5 points and 3.9 ± 1.8 points, respectively (p = 0.03). The magnitude of changes in pain intensity was similar (-1.3 points and -1.2 points) for both programs.
Conclusions. 1. The applied rehabilitation programs increased the mobility of the lumbar spine and reduced pain in patients with L5-S1 segment discopathy. 2. Both the hydrokinesitherapy program and the gym program were equally effective in increasing the range of motion of the spine and reducing the intensity of pain.
Житіє і смерть князя Михайла Чернігівського у давній українській літературі
Authors: Білоус Петро
Published: April 2024

The article examines ancient Ukrainian literary works about the life and tragic death in the Horde of Prince (Kniaz) Mykhailo of Chernihiv. The article aims to trace the process of literary transformation of the ancient story and to introduce this material into the circle of research in Ukrainian medieval studies. The content of the story reflects events from the life of Mykhailo of Chernihiv, focusing on his journey with boyar Fedir to the Horde in 1245 to obtain permission from Batu Khan to own lands in Rus. There, they refused to bow to the khan according to Mongolian custom, and were killed for it. Ancient authors saw this as a Christian feat, and Mykhailo was proclaimed a saint. This is how he appears in the «life» created by Dmytro Tuptalo. This life (early 18th century) does not fit into the Byzantine hagiographic canon because it does not tell the whole life of Mykhailo, but focuses only on his stay in the Horde, where tragic events occur that are intended to move the reader and evoke sympathy for the martyr, a faithful Christian. In addition, the hagiography was written in the Baroque period, so it is characterized by pomp and circumlocution, emblematic and symbolic images, rhetorical figures, authorial reflections, and quotations from other texts, which ultimately play a role in reinforcing the highly moral image of Mykhailo. The prince is portrayed differently in the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle: it does not emphasize Mykhailo’s feat, but praises Danylo Halytskyi, who obtained permission from the khan by obeying non-Christian customs. The deaths of Mykhailo of Chernihiv and his boyar Fedir in the Horde are striking, and historical events fade into the background, becoming the background for the depiction of strong personalities. It cannot be said that Mykhailo of Chernihiv is a strong personality. Rather, he is a victim of the circumstances. He was credited with heroism, and Danylo Halytskyi with diplomatic wisdom. This is despite the fact that the Mongol-Tatar invasion pushed back the development of the ancient Ukrainian lands for several centuries, bringing decline and languishing on the edge of Europe that survived that horror.
Притчевість у поезії дисидентів і герметистів (на прикладі лірики Тараса Мельничука та Василя Герасим’юка)
Authors: Зелененька Ірина
Published: April 2024

In modern Ukrainian literary studies, the problems of generational dialogues and conflicts, the heredity and discontinuity of the literary process in Soviet and independent Ukraine, as well as the restoration of the authenticity and originality of lyrical writing, the peculiarities of generational experiences, are actualized. Scientists are interested in designing the encoding of images and symbols in the lyrics of resistance members, in particular, dissidents and hermeticists, representatives of two forms of dissent — open and hidden. The modelling of history and reality in the work of Taras Melnychuk and Vasyl Herasymiuk, two poets from the Hutsul Region, still seems exotic, as it does not declare any phenomenon, but retells it as a strange phenomenon, as a fate, as a molfarism, as hereditary, as exceptional and usual at the same time. The core of the resistance literature was the imagery of the poetry of several generations, in particular dissidents and hermetists, which stood out from the mass of poetry of the second half of the 20th century with its fairy-tale and parable imagery. This literature of the resistance movement is well characterized, but not qualified by modern sources. Very interesting in this sense is the design of symbols and codes based on the metaphorical processing of ethnicity (partially relict). The lyrics of dissidents and hermeticists are, in fact, a demonstration of open (extroverted) and hidden (introverted) forms of resistance to the regime — through a parable, a fairy tale, a myth. The national culture revealed by the two poets in the poems is a contemplative part of their Europeanness, and therefore embodied both in dominant images and in explanations somewhat similar to exegesis, creating a completely underground allegory. Taras Melnychuk and Vasyl Herasymiuk are two Hutsul poets who not only offered readers to model reality based on its exoticization, but also to implement ethnocodes, oddities and molfarism as a tool to fight against totalitarianism. This is a manifestation of the form of the authors’ stoic positions, and is not only perceived as an expression of the beauty of the Carpathians and the Hutsul region.