bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Closing the Distance: A Qualitative Study to Identify Equitable Innovations for Rural Thyroid Cancer Treatment
Authors: Huston-Paterson Hattie H. , Mao Yifan V. , Hughes Elena G. , Bobanga Iuliana , Wu James X. , Yeh Michael W.
Published: December 2024

Background

Patients residing in rural and frontier areas experience worse thyroid cancer outcomes than those in urban areas. This novel qualitative study sought the perspectives of rural surgeons to identify practical measures that could mitigate the disparities in thyroid cancer care between rural and urban contexts.

Methods

We contacted general and head and neck surgeons at all of California’s Critical Access Hospitals (n = 35), which are remote, rural hospitals, and requested self-referral to our study through the American College of Surgeons. We performed semi-structured qualitative interviews with surgeons at rural hospitals to understand the assets and vulnerabilities of rural hospitals in providing the highest quality care to patients with thyroid cancer. Responses were coded and analyzed using mixed-methods qualitative analysis methodology.

Results

Rural surgeons (n = 13) from a geographically diverse sample of states and regions (AK, AR, CA, NE, NC, NM, TX, UT, WY, and Newfoundland) participated. All initially trained in general surgery; 46% had fellowship training (15% in endocrine surgery) and performed a median of 8.5 thyroidectomies annually. Rural surgeons from all training backgrounds felt adequately trained to treat thyroid cancer and reported a strong desire to provide comprehensive thyroid cancer care. Most reported patients’ strong preference to be treated near home. Key challenges to local, comprehensive thyroid cancer care included limited or no access to medical endocrinology, lack of continuing education on thyroid cancer management, and professional isolation in decision-making. Interviewed rural surgeons identified connections with university health systems, expert colleagues, and telemedicine consultations as valuable assets in treating thyroid cancer in geographically isolated hospitals.

Discussion

This study identified key challenges and clear avenues for interventions in treating rural thyroid cancer patients. Interviewed rural surgeons specifically suggest improving access to endocrinology specialists, developing educational initiatives on thyroid cancer management, and fostering connections and collaborations with urban colleagues to reduce professional isolation.
Evaluation of the Impact of Enteral Nutrition Support on Anthropometric Measurements and Micronutrient Levels in Malnourished Children
Authors: Arsoy Hanife Ayşegül , Aghazada Günel , Demirtaş Zeliha , Sürsal Alihan , Paksoy Korkudur Maide Nur , Ozdener Fatih
Published: December 2024

Background:

Malnutrition is a critical clinical condition that requires early intervention due to its potential for causing preventable fatalities and complications. This study aims to assess the impact of outpatient enteral nutrition support (ENS) as a therapeutic intervention on anthropometric measurements, intolerance, and micronutrient values in malnourished children.

Methods:

This observational study included 344 patients in ages 1 to 18 treated with standard enteral nutrition (1.5 kcal/mL energy with fiber). Patient data recorded at admission, in 3 and 6 months, including weight, height, body mass index (BMI), intolerance symptoms, and micronutrient levels. Data were also compared by age groups (1-2, 3-5, 6-12, and 13-18 years of age).

Results:

Malnutrition was prevalent in the 1- to 5-year age group (63.6%). Age-based analysis showed significant height and BMI z-score improvement in all age groups ( P = .009 and P < .001, for all age groups, respectively), except the 13- to 18-year age group ( P = .102 and P = .091, respectively). Micronutrient values remained within healthy ranges with minimal fluctuations. The ENS was well tolerated by 62.5% of patients, and the most common intolerance symptoms were constipation (15.4%), vomiting (8.1%), and nausea (7.3%).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates that outpatient ENS therapy for 6 months significantly improved anthropometric measurements in malnourished children and was well tolerated. The 1 to 2 age group exhibited the most substantial response to treatment, whereas the 1 to 5 age group required at least 6 months of nutritional therapy to prevent stunting. However, the effect of ENS therapy on height and BMI z-scores in the 13 to 18 age group appeared insufficient after 3 months.
Good Citizenship and Native-Immigrant Conflict: Experimental Evidence From Europe
Authors: Krakowski Krzysztof , Kyrkopoulou Eleni , Reinhardt Lukas , Sambanis Nicholas
Published: December 2024

Value conflict is at the heart of opposition to multiculturalism in Europe. Yet previous studies have not established which type of value conflict generates more anti-immigrant bias. We present a simple, cost-effective, and easily scalable experimental design to test how anti-immigrant bias responds to perceptions of value conflict generated by violations of welfare state norms and gender equity norms. Both types of norms are central to public debates about immigration in Europe. We collect new data from three European countries on natives’ beliefs regarding immigrants as likely violators of these norms, and we measure the salience of these norms in native society. We find that natives do not always sanction immigrants more for norm violations and their reactions to norm adherence or violations are consistent with a logic of “updating” for high-salience norms in countries where norm adherence is itself a norm.
Securing the Digital Frontier: Legal Analysis of Cybersecurity, Data Privacy and Cyber Forensics in India
Authors: Katkuri Srinivas
Published: December 2024

In the contemporary digital landscape, the convergence of technological advancements and societal dynamics has engendered a paradigm shift, necessitating comprehensive legal contemplation. This study delves into the imperative and relevance of cybersecurity, data protection and cyber forensics within India’s legal framework. With the proliferation of digital platforms, the significance of safeguarding sensitive information against cyber threats becomes increasingly apparent. The study elucidates how cybersecurity, enshrined in the Information Technology Act, 2000, is crucial for thwarting unauthorised accesses and breaches, given its potential ramifications for national security and economic stability. This study analyses the advent of data protection problems caused by the exponential growth of personal data, in the light of newly-enacted Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act. The study advocates for a holistic approach to digital governance, underscoring its relevance for India’s contemporary legal landscape.
Defying Guantánamo: Resistance to indefinite detention and torture in a prison camp
Authors: Nungesser Frithjof
Published: December 2024

How can we conceptualize resistance within contexts of detention and extreme asymmetrical violence such as torture prisons? Based on autobiographical accounts of and interviews with former Guantánamo prisoners, this article reconstructs how prisoners dealt with indefinite detention and torture. Based on a dialogue between existing theories of resistance and empirical accounts from Guantánamo, a framework of resistance is developed that operates on three conceptual axes: (1) By looking into the perceptual structure of the detainees’ practices, four modes of resistance are identified: confrontational resistance, concealed resistance, disguised resistance, and internal resistance. These modes vary with respect to whether they can be observed by the camp administration and whether they can be recognized as acts of resistance. (2) By analyzing the situational dynamic of acts of resistance, different degrees of radicalness can be distinguished within each mode. While circular acts seek to alleviate the harmful effects of the environment, transgressive acts seek to end imprisonment. (3) Finally, because circular acts of resistance mitigate specific violations, it is instructive to identify the dimensions of vulnerability that these acts primarily address (corporality, sociality, meaning). Analyzing Guantánamo in such a way does not only open an instructive perspective on detention, torture, and the logics of resistance in the camp but also reveals more general implications for the comparative study of resistance in camps and prisons.
Cyber-Ostracism, Depression, and Adolescents’ Cyberbullying Perpetration: A Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis
Authors: Ding Huimin , Zhao Chengjia , Huang Feng , Zhu Liyue , Wei Hua , Lei Li
Published: December 2024

This study explores the complex dynamics between cyber-ostracism, depression, and cyberbullying among 870 Chinese adolescents (50.9% boys, Mage = 13.03, SD = 0.76). Using a cross-lagged panel analysis, the results found: (1) bidirectional associations between cyber-ostracism and depression, with cyber-ostracism at Time 1(T1) significantly and positively predicted depression at Time 2(T2), and depression at T1 significantly and positively predicted cyber-ostracism at T2; (2) depression at T1 significantly and positively predicted cyberbullying perpetration at T2; (3) cyberbullying perpetration at T1 significantly and positively predicted cyber-ostracism at T2; (4) depression mediated the relationship between cyber-ostracism and cyberbullying perpetration, and (5) gender differences were observed only in the path from depression at T1 to cyber-ostracism at T2, with a significant association for girls but not for boys. This study highlights the complex interplay between cyber-ostracism, depression, and adolescents’ cyberbullying perpetration, shedding light on the importance of addressing these issues in a gender-sensitive manner.
Inner Prosociality, Hope, Emotional Autonomy, and Subjective Well-Being in Adolescents: A Serial Mediation Model
Authors: Eryılmaz Ali , Yıldırım Kurtuluş Hacer , Yıldırım Murat
Published: December 2024

Determining the mechanisms underlying the relationships between emotional autonomy and subjective well-being is necessary for understanding the psychological functioning of adolescents. The current study examined inner prosociality and hope as serial mediators in the relationships from emotional autonomy to subjective well-being. Using convenience sampling, a total of 355 adolescents ( Mage = 14.23 ± 0.54, 50.4% boys), who were continuing their education in a public secondary school, completed the Emotional Autonomy Scale, Adolescent Prosociality Scale, Children’s Hope Scale, and Measurement of Subjective Well-Being. The results indicated direct effects from higher emotional autonomy to greater subjective well-being. Also, there was a significant indirect effect from higher emotional autonomy to greater subjective well-being through higher inner prosociality and hope. These findings may inform the development of interventions, indicating that the cultivation of psychosocial resources like inner prosociality and hope may help improve the subjective well-being of adolescents.
Gendered Experiences of Ontological Insecurity Among Women Who Use Drugs and Experience Housing Insecurity: A Critical Narrative Analysis
Authors: Perri Melissa , Guta Adrian , O’Campo Patricia , Kolla Gillian , Strike Carol
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Research has established that experiences of substance use and housing insecurity leads to violence, alienation, and health deterioration for women. However, no literature has assessed how the gendered nature of substance use and housing insecurity influence the ontological insecurity of women. This paper examines the relationship between ontological insecurity, substance use, and housing insecurity for women. We provide considerations for the theorization of ontological (in)security to account for gender. Methods: Feminist-informed interviews were conducted with 20 women who were clients of a safer supply program located in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario. Interviews took place in person, were audio-recorded, and transcribed. Interviews focused on women’s experiences of substance use and housing insecurity across their lives. Data analysis was guided by a feminist re-reading of the theory of ontological security. All women completed a socio-demographic questionnaire. Results: Most women were aged between 22 and 43 ( n = 11), with nine being over the age of 44. Fifteen women identified as white, with five identifying as First Nation, Indigenous, or Metis. Ten women resided in supportive housing units, five resided in transitional housing units, social service agency run motels, or in the private rental market, and five resided in tents or encampments. Women shared how gendered experiences of substance use and housing insecurity, which were associated with trauma and violence, contributed to perceptions of ontological insecurity. Dimensions of ontological insecurity which were discussed by women included a disrupted sense of self, instability, and a loss of autonomy. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate how mechanisms of ontological insecurity for women who use drugs and experience housing insecurity are engrained in the gendered structuring of society. These findings suggest that the current theorization of ontological (in)security is insufficient in examining complete mechanisms which promote ontological security or insecurity for women. Future work which explores ontological (in)security must consider the gendered ordering of society.
Beyond Mere Algorithm Aversion: Are Judgments About Computer Agents More Variable?
Authors: Buder Jürgen , Becker Fritz , Bareiß Janika , Huff Markus
Published: December 2024

Several studies have reported algorithm aversion, reflected in harsher judgments about computers that commit errors, compared to humans who commit the same errors. Two online studies ( N = 67, N = 252) tested whether similar effects can be obtained with a referential communication task. Participants were tasked with identifying Japanese kanji characters based on written descriptions allegedly coming from a human or an AI source. Crucially, descriptions were either flawed (ambiguous) or not. Both concurrent measures during experimental trials and pre-post questionnaire data about the source were captured. Study 1 revealed patterns of algorithm aversion but also pointed at an opposite effect of “algorithm benefit”: ambiguous descriptions by an AI (vs. human) were evaluated more negatively, but non-ambiguous descriptions were evaluated more positively, suggesting the possibility that judgments about AI sources exhibit larger variability. Study 2 tested this prediction. While human and AI sources did not differ regarding concurrent measures, questionnaire data revealed several patterns that are consistent with the variability explanation.
Feminist Politics, Coalition Building, and Movement Legacies: Abortion Rights Activism in Argentina since the 2001 Crisis
Authors: Borland Elizabeth , Sutton Barbara
Published: December 2024

Around two decades after Argentina’s 2001 crisis, the abortion rights movement flourished, becoming a powerful force against obstacles to reproductive justice in the country and mobilizing massive numbers of people from all walks of life to successfully demand the legalization of abortion. The National Campaign for the Right to Legal, Safe, and Free Abortion was launched in 2005, but the seeds for several of its key features were planted during the collective action surrounding the crisis. This study draws on 105 qualitative interviews with abortion rights advocates, feminists, and activist women in a variety of organizations in Argentina, collected in different stages between 2002 and 2020, to examine how the events of 2001 influenced later organizing. The analysis reveals two central features of the Campaign that can be traced back to mobilization in the crisis: the legacy of a style of politics centered around broad coalition building with diverse constituencies that cross social categories; and lessons about how to advance focused and strategic goals while still engaging broad sectors of society. Broad organizing can be in tension with the narrowing of goals, yet grappling with this tension is necessary for inclusive and effective action. Argentina’s social movement experience shows how activists have managed to successfully advance the targeted cause of abortion rights without relinquishing their desire and efforts to “ cambiarlo todo” (change everything) so reminiscent of the spirit of the 2001 uprising.
On the Health of Bolivian Women Migrant Domestic Workers: The Chagas Political Economy in Catalonia
Authors: Offenhenden María , Ventura-Garcia Laia
Published: December 2024

Based on an ethnographic study conducted in Catalonia, this paper analyzes the links between migration, precarity, and health among Bolivian women affected by Chagas disease. In a context characterized by precarious migratory conditions tied to the growing internationalization of reproductive labor and these women workers’ insertion into the domestic sphere, an analysis of the political economy of health is key to understanding the processes through which they may seek care, as well as their possibilities for managing Chagas.
Highly maneuvrable quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle control with unknown disturbances
Authors: Qi Guoyuan , You Weipeng , Li Kuo
Published: December 2024

For the problems of highly maneuverable quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), such as drastic attitude changes, unknown model disturbances, and accurate velocity tracks, the paper proposes new model compensation control based on SO(3) according to the idea of model compensation control (MCC) theory and SO(3) theory. Accurate estimation for unknown disturbances and precise extraction of the reference signal are achieved by introducing compensation function observer and high-order differentiator. For the attitude solution, the desired attitude solutions based on acceleration are designed, which guarantees the range of accelerations is safely limited. At the same time, the relationship between attitude control, velocity control, and the desired attitude solutions is given. The proposed method not only has the global stability of SO(3) and the anti-disturbance stability of MCC but also improves the maneuverability of UAV. Through verifications of simulations and experiments, the proposed method not only has no loss of anti-disturbance performance but also significantly reduces overshooting and response time compared to traditional MCC methods. Providing a control strategy for highly maneuverable UAV.
Mirror Versus Substitute: How Institutional Context Affects Individual Motivation for Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Jasinenko Anna , Brieger Steven A. , Haack Patrick
Published: December 2024

The institutional perspective on corporate social responsibility (CSR) has discussed two diametrically opposed hypotheses about how institutional context influences CSR. Whereas the mirror hypothesis suggests that CSR is stronger in institutional contexts with stringent CSR-related regulations, the substitute hypothesis posits that CSR is stronger in weakly regulated contexts. Drawing on the micro-CSR literature, we propose that examining individual CSR motivation can help to better understand the effect of institutional context on CSR because it makes focusing on substantively motivated CSR possible, and it can shed light on the hitherto neglected psychological moderators in this relationship. We conducted three studies, obtaining results indicating that institutional trust is an important moderator of the institutional effect on individual CSR motivation. Overall, we found the highest individual CSR motivation when regulatory stringency and institutional trust were high, supporting the mirror hypothesis. However, in contexts of low institutional trust, this positive effect of a strong institutional context was reduced or even reversed. Our study contributes to the literature on the institutional perspective on CSR, micro-CSR, and institutional theory, and it has important practical implications for CSR management.
Single-Case Study of the Feasibility of Parent Training and Change in Parenting in Comparison to Baseline, in Adolescents With a Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: van den Brink Christiaan , Maric Marija , Niels Hanneke , Stikkelbroek Yvonne
Published: December 2024

Existing research has shown that parental behavior can influence the onset and persistence of adolescent depression; however, the initial treatment guidelines do not include parental involvement, and there is no established protocol for engaging parents. For this study, the Doepressie parent training protocol was designed to teach parents ways to help their child cope with depression, and this study sought to evaluate the feasibility and changes in parenting of combining individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescents with parent training. Because of the heterogeneity observed in adolescents with depression, a single-case design study with daily diaries for parents was conducted. Adolescents ( N = 9; mean age = 15.9, SD = 1.05) with major depressive disorder and their parents participated in this study. Parents reported that the parent training was feasible. After treatment, two-thirds of the adolescents no longer met the criteria for major depressive disorder. Most of the parents reported positive effects on their child’s mood and activity level, problem-solving skills with their child, and parental responsiveness and competence. Four parents demonstrated medium positive change. Involving parents in the treatment of adolescent depression has significant clinical benefits. Because of the heterogeneity of adolescent depression, the impact of parental involvement varies.
Evaluation of a Parenting Program for Mothers With a Borderline Personality Disorder: A Multiple Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design Study
Authors: Vigeveno Daan E. , Maric Marija , Onghena Patrick , Hupkes Monique
Published: December 2024

Parents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience deficiencies in parenting skills leading to increased family burden, stress, mental health problems in children and even family violence. The present study evaluated a Dutch version of the parenting training based on Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for mothers with BPD. A multiple baseline single-case experimental design study was conducted with standardized and idiosyncratic assessments of parenting behavior and parental stress before, biweekly during, and after training. Participants ( N = 10) were mothers with a BPD diagnosis with a child under the age of 6. Four participants discontinued the training. Among six training completers, clinically reliable improvements in parenting skills were most pronounced for inconsistent discipline, involvement, positive parenting and corporal punishment. Frequent, idiosyncratic assessments showed that for six mothers training had a positive effect on parenting skills, while for five mothers this effect was large. Overall, less improvement was found for parenting stress. DBT parenting training seems to have clinical value for mothers with BPD struggling with raising their children. Most prominent improvement was found in relation to mothers disciplining their child in a more consistent manner. The complexity and heterogeneity of mothers with BPD requires a more idiosyncratic, patient-centered approach. This study was registered (retrospectively) in ISRCTN (ID ISRCTN74447767). https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN74447767 , March 2022.
Towards successful intercultural relationships: The initial development and validation of a relational cultural intelligence scale
Authors: Su Tom , Ledermann Thomas
Published: December 2024

In response to the rising public and scholarly interest in understanding relational experiences in intercultural relationships, we propose a new concept—relational cultural intelligence (RCI)—to describe an individual’s ability to learn and apply cultural knowledge in intimate relationships. In this article, we outline the theoretical foundation of RCI, introduce the RCI scale, and present initial results on its reliability and validity. We conceptualize RCI as a type of social intelligence with three dimensions: awareness, skills, and knowledge. This study surveyed 186 individuals in the United States who identified as being currently in an intercultural romantic relationship. The results provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the three-factor scale with 12 items. Results also showed that RCI was related to important aspects of relational experiences, such as relational stress and relationship satisfaction, and that it explained variance in relationship satisfaction above and beyond relational stress, commitment, and relationship duration.
Experimental and constitutive assessment of tensile flow behavior of AA5083 alloy with microstructural evolution at warm temperatures
Authors: Ahmad Shahin , Alankar Alankar , Tathavadkar Vilas , Narasimhan K
Published: December 2024

The tensile stress-strain response of the AA5083 alloy was investigated over a temperature range of 25 to 300 °C, and strain rate range of 0.001 to 0.1 s−1. A positive sensitivity to temperature along with a small positive correlation with strain rate at elevated temperatures was observed. The developed artificial neural network (ANN) based constitutive model depicted a superior predictability with average absolute relative error of 1.77% as compared to 3.42% and 4.26% for Johnson-Cook (J-C) and Modified Arrhenius (M-A) models, respectively. The detailed microstructural study of strained tensile samples depicted the occurrence of dynamic recovery confirmed by the maximum Kernel Average Misorientation value of 0.84° at 0.01 s−1 strain rate.
Reclaiming Rajarhat: Bengaliness, economic nativism and cultural insiderism
Authors: Ray Avishek , Dey Atriya
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of Rajarhat, West Bengal into a ‘global city’ has attracted both skilled and unskilled migrants. Amidst economic precarity and social polarisation, ethnicity-based identity politics are easily weaponised by a section of the Bengali population, in order to deflect public attention away from the political economy and towards those perceived as ‘outsiders’ – an empty signifier that refers to ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and financially weaker migrants. The ‘insider’ embodies a profound sense of belonging to an imagined Bengali community, whilst the ‘outsider’ is perceived as a threat to Bengali culture and livelihood. Through a social media analysis of comments and videos posted on the Facebook page of Banglapokkho, a civil society organisation in West Bengal that advocates for ‘putting Bengalis first’, this article examines how an insider/outsider impulse unfolds as a symptom of fissures in community relations. The authors argue that what has transpired in Rajarhat between Bengalis and non-Bengalis, through a narrative of ‘reclamation’ and its ethnolinguistic framing, is a function of a specific economic order shaped by the global flows of capital and the ensuing economic precarity, which must be understood with reference to the intersectionality of class and ethnicity.
Providing a Robust Optimization Model for the Preventive Maintenance of Asphalt Road Pavements
Authors: Saadati Asie , Karimi Hossein
Published: December 2024

Road maintenance and transportation administration must plan the maintenance of the road asphalt network and manage the annual budget. In addition, the primary purpose of doing preventive maintenance (PM) activities is to improve the condition of the asphalt. The purpose of this paper is to present a model for pavement maintenance planning. The goal of this research is to reduce the total International Roughness Index of asphalt roads by taking into account the weight of each part of the road. This research focuses on pavement conditions, addressing the surface layer and its direct impacts on ride quality and durability. A budget has also been set aside annually for road asphalt maintenance. Additionally, sensitivity analysis is performed on the presented model to observe the impact of parameters on the objective function. As a result of changing the budget values, it is established that the objective function improves when that parameter is increased, since it is more flexible. Additionally, the cost of the PM activity was changed, but the objective function remained unchanged. By providing a proper schedule for PM activities and accurate budget management, this model can assist in improving the condition of asphalt. Moreover, this model has been implemented for the roads of North Khorasan province in Iran and its results have been presented. Road maintenance and transportation administrations could use this model to manage their budgets and carry out their PM activities.
Tourists’ Trip Adaptation Subjected to Advance Information on Impending Cyclone Affecting their Destination
Authors: Banerjee Suvam , Rastogi Rajat , Ghosh Indrajit
Published: December 2024

Investigating the arrival of tourists subject to the forecast of an impending cyclone can help to understand the possible evacuation demand. This study focused on tourists’ decisions to either cancel, reduce stay duration, or continue entire stay duration of their upcoming trip after receiving information about an impending cyclone expected to affect their destination. The objective is to decipher the arrival of tourists and the potential evacuation demand. A stated preference survey, designed using the scenario variables 1) cyclone intensity, 2) spendable stay duration, and 3) days left to initiate the outward journey from home was conducted at Puri, the cyclone-susceptible tourist location in Odisha, India. Multinomial logit and nested logit models are developed. The tourists’ propensity to continue entire stay duration is significantly influenced by lower average age, male dominance, low income, and education of the group head. Tourists’ decisions are sensitive to the intensity of the impending cyclones and the sunk costs involved in the travel plan. Their inclination to reduce stay duration is observed to be predominant when they can spend at least two-thirds of their planned stay duration. Assessment of various possible evacuation demand levels and other evacuation pre-planning inputs are derived by investigating the impact of influential variables.
Regional Water and Food Security Require Joint Israeli-Palestinian Guidelines for Wastewater Reuse and Food Safety
Authors: Ben Mordechay Evyatar , Abdeen Ziad , Robeen Sobhi , Schwartz Snir , Abdeen Abdul Mohsen , Mordehay Vered , Troen Aron M. , Chefetz Benny , Tal Alon
Published: December 2024

Background

Water and food security in Israel and the Palestinian Authority are deeply interconnected due to the region's arid climate and water scarcity, shared water resources, and interrelated agricultural sectors. Therefore, jointly addressing water reuse is vital to supporting sustainable agricultural production and ensuring food safety.

Objectives

This paper examines the food safety implications of the cross-border trade of fresh fruits and vegetables between the Palestinian Authority and Israel, with an emphasis on the influence of, water technologies, agricultural practices, and environmental health.

Methods

This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing data to assess water irrigation quality, food safety, and water reuse regulations in the Palestinian Authority and Israel.

Results

Significant discrepancies in food safety, food quality, and exposure to contaminants from fresh produce result from different water reuse regulations, practices, and socioeconomic conditions. Given the volume of trade, consumer mobility, and environmental sustainability, coupled with geopolitical limitations between the Palestinian Authority and Israel, there is an urgent need for a unified regulatory strategy for wastewater reuse ensuring food safety and security. We propose a single, coordinated approach to overseeing wastewater reuse to enhance public health and address contaminants of emerging concern that are not currently regulated. Navigating the political and legislative complexities in a proactive stance requires both Israeli and Palestinian decision-makers to address the matter conscientiously. Existing data and the precautionary principle are sufficient to propose an interim prohibition on treated wastewater irrigation for leafy vegetables to mitigate pollution risks and act as a catalyst for improving irrigation water quality.

Conclusions

Our proposed strategy for a unified water reuse regulation emphasizes the necessary steps for its implementation and addresses potential obstacles. This strategy underscores the importance of responsible wastewater management in advancing common goals of environmental sustainability, food safety, and human health.

Short Synopsis

We propose a coordinated Israeli-Palestinian approach to wastewater reuse to ensure food safety based on shared environmental and health concerns, economic considerations, and the precautionary principle.

A Call for Joint Israeli-Palestinian Guidelines for Water Recycling to Improve Food Security and Safety
« Le digital ? Il y a des choses bien et d’autres moins. . . » : Comprendre l’attitude ambivalente des acheteurs d’aliments locaux à l’égard des circuits courts alimentaires digitalisés avant et pendant le confinement de mars 2020
Authors: Rogeon Fabien
Published: December 2024

Si la digitalisation du commerce est plébiscitée par les producteurs qui commercialisent leurs aliments locaux en circuits courts alimentaires (CCA), qu’en est-il des acheteurs ? Pour répondre à cette question, cette recherche propose de comprendre comment les acheteurs réagissent à l’égard des circuits courts alimentaires digitalisés (CCAD). Une étude qualitative, via des entretiens semi-directifs, a été menée auprès de vingt acheteurs qui empruntaient un CCAD pour leurs achats d’aliments locaux. Ces vingt acheteurs d’aliments locaux ont été interrogés à deux reprises : avant et pendant le confinement de mars 2020. La contribution théorique de cet article réside dans la compréhension et la conceptualisation de l’attitude ambivalente des acheteurs à l’égard des CCAD. Si les acheteurs manifestent des réactions polarisées – positives ou négatives – à l’égard de certains attributs des CCAD, d’autres attributs génèrent des réactions à la fois positives et négatives. En outre, l’étude qualitative en deux temps met en évidence l’influence limitée du confinement sur l’attitude ambivalente des acheteurs à l’égard des CCAD. Cette observation est facilitée par un travail de quantification lors d’une analyse de contenu thématique dont nous soulignons l’intérêt méthodologique. Sur le plan managérial, nous proposons à l’attention des producteurs un cadre d’actions invitant à identifier les réactions à l’égard des CCAD, segmenter et cibler les clients, et communiquer efficacement.
Dr. John R. Phillips: Nurse Scholar Extraordinaire
Authors: Morrow Mary R.
Published: December 2024

Scholarship is an important topic for the continuation of the discipline of nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly has asked Dr. John R. Phillips, a notable Rogerian scholar, to comment on nursing scholarship. Dr. Phillips is introduced here.
Disciplinary Thinking for the Scholarship of Nursing Research
Authors: Butcher Howard K.
Published: December 2024

The author critiques the current American Association of Colleges of Nursing definition of nursing scholarship for its lack of emphasis on building discipline-specific knowledge. The author defines nursing scholarship as scholarly activities and formal investigations designed to generate, synthesize, translate, apply, and disseminate discipline-specific knowledge that advances nursing’s societal commitments and responsibilities in promoting human health, human betterment, and wellbecoming. Nursing scholarship guided by disciplinary thinking consists of scholarship that is (a) informed by nursing philosophy; (b) framed within nursing’s metaparadigm concepts; (c) situated within a nursing paradigm; (d) conceptualized within a nursing conceptual framework or nursing midrange theory; and (e) focused on, depending on one’s paradigmatic and theoretical perspective, developing and testing concepts in nursing classification systems.
The Pillars of Intellectual Inquiry: Scholarship and Theory
Authors: Kabigting Edwin-Nikko R.
Published: December 2024

The author discusses scholarship and theory in relation to intellectual inquiry.
Nursing Intervention Based on the Interactive Attainment Model
Authors: Jiang Shuyin , Xia Xiaofeng , Lin Min , Wang Linfei
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of nursing that was based on the interactive attainment model in alleviating anxiety and pain during colonoscopy. This retrospective study included 213 patients, divided into intervention and control groups. Both groups underwent normal or painless colonoscopy. Anxiety and pain were evaluated using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), respectively. The intervention group reported significantly lower anxiety and VAS pain scores compared with the control group. The interactive attainment model of nursing effectively reduces patient anxiety and pain and lowers complication rates in patients undergoing colonoscopy.
The Humanbecoming Concept Inventing Model: Feeling Isolated
Authors: Duarte-Quilao Teodora
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the scholar explores the meaning of the phenomenon of feeling isolated as a universal humanuniverse living experience with the humanbecoming concept inventing model. For the scholar, the now-truth of feeling isolated is turbulent seclusion arising with sureness-unsureness of diverse affiliations. The ingenuous proclamation as a theoretical statement was specified in the language of humanbecoming as imaging the originating of connecting-separating with the chosen artform titled Sick Mood at Sunset: Despair, by Edvard Munch. The exploration of the concept of feeling isolated with the humanbecoming concept inventing model adds a novel conceptualization and advances the growing body of knowledge of universal humanuniverse living experiences of feeling isolated.
Evaluating the impact of lateral position alterations on intraocular pressure and cerebral oxygen saturation among elderly and middle-aged patients undergoing surgery
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Ying-Ying , Xi Chun-Hua
Published: December 2024

Objective

To assess the impact of lateral position changes on intraocular pressure and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) in patients undergoing surgery.

Methods

Seventy patients were categorized into the elderly and middle-aged groups, with 35 individuals in each. Apart from collecting physiological data of patients, intraocular pressure was measured using a rebound tonometer, and regional cerebral oxygen saturation levels were assessed with a cerebral oxygen monitor at ten different time points in this study.

Results

Intraocular pressure trends in both eyes were similar in both groups, peaking after two hours and then stabilizing. The intraocular pressure of the eye on the compressed side increased after lateral positioning, and this was more notable in the elderly group, indicating a significant difference ( P < 0.05). The rScO2 levels did not differ significantly between the groups ( P > 0.05); however, patients in the elderly group exhibited higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) fluctuations at post-intubation (T2) and pre-turning (T8) time points compared to those in the middle-aged group, and this difference was significant ( P < 0.05). In the middle-aged group, there was no correlation between MAP and changes in cerebral oxygen saturation ( P > 0.05), whereas a weak correlation was present in the elderly group ( P < 0.05). There was no difference in uncorrected visual acuity between the pre-admission and six hours post-surgery time points ( P > 0.05).

Conclusion

The results of this study underscores the importance of proper positioning of patients, enhanced intraoperative monitoring, and safe surgical positioning practices.
Emergency obstacle avoidance control for X-by-wire-based intelligent vehicles considering tire-road friction coefficient
Authors: Yong Jiawang , Dong Yiyao , Qian Zixuan , Li Wanting , Chen Yanyan , Duan Guofu
Published: December 2024

This study presents an emergency obstacle avoidance control (OAC) algorithm for intelligent vehicles equipped with X-by-wire (XBW) systems. A tire-road friction coefficient (TRFC) observer is developed based on vehicle and tire models. A multi-sensor fusion method, utilizing Kalman filter and Bayesian estimation, is proposed to improve perception accuracy by using Mahalanobis distance to match sensor measurements. OAC strategies are designed by dividing braking and steering areas based on relative longitudinal distance. The braking-based strategy generates a desired deceleration which will be realize by an electro-hydraulic braking system (EHBS) with a sliding mode controller. The steering-based strategy plans an optimal trajectory using a cost function, generating a desired steering angle to follow this trajectory. The algorithm is tested on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system under various scenarios, demonstrating the adaptability and precision of the TRFC observer. Additionally, the proposed fusion method shows a significant improvement in the average perception accuracy of longitudinal distance and lateral velocity. Moreover, by considering TRFC, the algorithm is able to improve OAC performance while ensuring driving comfort and vehicle stability in emergency situations.
An investigation of the shear bond strength of compomer restorative material to enamel and dentine
Authors: Gray G.B. , Kataria V. , McManus S. , Jagger D.C.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one step adhesives on the shear bond strength of a compomer restorative material to both enamel and dentine. Human extracted teeth were used for the study. Ten samples were prepared for both enamel and dentine specimens for each of the five groups: Tooth, no etch, Prime and Bond NT (P+B NT); tooth, Non-Rinse Conditioner (NRC), P+B NT; tooth, NRC, Prime and Bond 2.1 (P+B 2.1); tooth, etch, P+B NT; tooth, etch, P+B 2.1. The specimens were subjected to bond testing. The shear bond strength was measured using an Inston 1193 testing machine using a cross head speed of 1 mm/minute. The specimens were tested to destruction. The results show that for the enamel specimens the highest bond strength was recorded for those specimens subjected to Etch, P+B 2.1 (22.1 MPa) and Etch P+B NT (20.0 MPa). The groups of specimens which did not undergo etching had very low bond strengths ranging from 11.4 MPa for NRC, P+B 2.1, 8.5 MPa for NRC P+B NT to 6.9 MPa for P+B NT. For the dentine specimens, for all of the groups, the shear bond strengths were low. Those groups subjected to etching produced the highest values of 7.9 MPa for NRC P+B 2.1 with the lowest value of 6.1 MPa for NRC P+B NT. These bond strengths were significantly lower than those achieved for bonding to enamel. Prime and Bond NT and Prime and Bond 2.1, used in conjunction with acid etching, produce satisfactory bond strengths of compomer restorative material to enamel. Bond strengths to dentine were low.
Youden index estimation based on group-tested data
Authors: Yang Jin , Liu Aiyi , Perkins Neil , Chen Zhen
Published: December 2024

Youden index, a linear function of sensitivity and specificity, provides a direct measurement of the highest diagnostic accuracy achievable by a biomarker. It is maximized at the cut-off point that optimizes the biomarker’s overall classification rate while assigning equal weight to sensitivity and specificity. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the Youden index when only group-tested data are available. The unavailability of individual disease statuses poses a challenge, especially when there is differential false positives and negatives in disease screening. We propose both parametric and nonparametric procedures for estimation of the Youden index, and exemplify our methods by utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to evaluate the diagnostic ability of monocyte for predicting chlamydia.
Analysing matched continuous longitudinal data: A review
Authors: Delporte Margaux , Aerts Marc , Verbeke Geert , Molenberghs Geert
Published: December 2024

Longitudinal data are frequently encountered in medical research, where participants are followed throughout time. Additional structure and hence complexity occurs when there is pairing between the participants (e.g. matched case-control studies) or within the participants (e.g. analysis of participants’ both eyes). Various modelling approaches, identified through a systematic review, are discussed, including (un)paired [Formula: see text]-tests, multivariate analysis of variance, difference scores, linear mixed models (LMMs), and new or more recent statistical methods. Next, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate models based on the data’s characteristics, the methods are applied to both a real-life case study in ophthalmology and a simulated case-control study. Key findings include the superiority of the conditional LMM and multilevel models in handling paired longitudinal data in terms of precision. Moreover, the article underscores the impact of accounting for intra-pair correlations and missing data mechanisms. Focus will be on discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the approaches, rather than on the mathematical or computational details.
Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles from Neem Leaves Extract Exhibit Antioxidant and Renal Responses During Eimeria papillata Infection
Authors: Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Al- Shaebi Esam M. , Al Quraishy Saleh
Published: December 2024

Background

A protozoan disease termed coccidiosis is common worldwide and affects both domestic and wild animals. New alternatives must be discovered because traditional coccidiostats are becoming less effective. More recently, nanomedicine has been a better option for treating a wide range of diseases.

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the role of biosynthesized selenium nano-particles (Bio-SeN) utilizing neem leaf extract on the outcome of renal damage caused by murine coccidiosis.

Methods

In this study, 25 mice were employed, and five groups (five mice/group) were formed: Group 1, this group is considered as control; Group 2, this group was noninfected and received Bio-SeN for 5 days; and Groups 3, 4, and 5: infected groups received 103 Eimeria papillata oocysts. Following that, for 5 days, Group 4 was administered Bio-SeN, while Group 5 was given amprolium (120 mg/kg). On the fifth day post-infection (p.i.), oocyst output, as well as body weight, was recorded, and mice were euthanized so that blood could be drawn for biochemical examination. The kidneys were also removed to prepare histological sections and homogenate for the determination of oxidative damage markers.

Results

The results demonstrated that by day 5 p.i., mice treated with Bio-SeN after infection with E. papillata had significantly reduced oocyst output in their feces. Body weight gain was significantly reduced by Eimeria infection to −6.07%, and it improved to −3.64% with Bio-SeN treatment. Significant degenerative alterations in the form of vacuolation and inflammatory infiltration in the renal tubules, together with the presence of erythrocytes in some blood sinusoids, were linked to infection. Furthermore, the infected mice’s protein and carbohydrate contents were disturbed by the infection. Urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels in the kidneys significantly increased as a result of the Eimeria infection. In the infected mice, these alterations result in oxidative damage. During the Bio-SeN treatment, all of these infection-induced parameters show significant changes.

Conclusion

Overall, our findings show that Bio-SeNs significantly exhibit a significant in vivo renal response against murine coccidiosis.