bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic insights into HSFs as candidate genes for high-temperature stress adaptation and gene editing with minimal off-target effects in flax
Authors: Saha Dipnarayan , Mukherjee Pranit , Dutta Sourav , Meena Kanti , Sarkar Surja Kumar , Mandal Asit Baran , Dasgupta Tapash , Mitra Jiban
Published: April 2019

Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a cool season crop commercially cultivated for seed oil and stem fibre production. A comprehensive characterization of the heat shock factor (HSF) candidate genes in flax can accelerate genetic improvement and adaptive breeding for high temperature stress tolerance. We report the genome-wide identification of 34 putative HSF genes from the flax genome, which we mapped on 14 of the 15 chromosomes. Through comparative homology analysis, we classified these genes into three broad groups, and sub-groups. The arrangement of HSF-specific protein motifs, DNA-binding domain (DBD) and hydrophobic heptad repeat (HR-A/B), and exon-intron boundaries substantiated the phylogenetic separation of these genes. Orthologous relationships and evolutionary analysis revealed that the co-evolution of the LusHSF genes was due to recent genome duplication events. Digital and RT-qPCR analyses provided significant evidence of the differential expression of the LusHSF genes in various tissues, at various developmental stages, and in response to high-temperature stress. The co-localization of diverse cis-acting elements in the promoters of the LusHSF genes further emphasized their regulatory roles in the abiotic stress response. We further confirmed DNA-binding sites on the LusHSF proteins and designed guide RNA sequences for gene editing with minimal off-target effects. These results will hasten functional investigations of LusHSFs or assist in devising genome engineering strategies to develop high-temperature stress tolerant flax cultivars.
Genetic association of LPL rs1121923 and rs258 with plasma TG and VLDL levels
Authors: Al-Bustan Suzanne A. , Al-Serri Ahmad , Alnaqeeb Majed A. , Annice Babitha G. , Mojiminiyi Olusegun
Published: April 2019

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a rate-limiting enzyme for the hydrolysis of triglycerides (TG). Hundreds of genetic variants including single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified across the 30Kb gene locus on chromosome 8q22. Several of these variants have been demonstrated to have genetic association with lipid level variation but many remain unresolved. Controversial reports on the genetic association of variants among different populations pose a challenge to which variants are informative. This study aimed to investigate “common” LPL variants (rs1121923, rs258, rs328, rs13702) and their possible role in plasma lipid level. Genotyping was performed using Realtime PCR. Based on the observed genotypes, the minor allele frequencies were A: 0.065 for rs1121923; C: 0.379 for rs258; G: 0.087 for rs328 and C: 0.337 for rs13702. Using linear regression, a lowering effect of rs1121923 (p = 0.024) on TG levels (−0.14 B coefficient: CI: −0.27–−0.019) and rs258 (p = 0.013) on VLDL levels (B: −0.046; CI: −0.082–−0.009) was observed indicating a “protective” role for the two variants. Moreover, the findings indicate the potential for including rs1121923 and rs258 in diagnostic panels for use as an estimator of “risk” scores for dyslipidemia.
Anomalous isotope effect in iron-based superconductors
Authors: Huang Wen-Min , Lin Hsiu-Hau
Published: April 2019

The role of electron-phonon interactions in iron-based superconductor is currently under debate with conflicting experimental reports on the isotope effect. To address this important issue, we employ the renormalization-group method to investigate the competition between electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in these materials. The renormalization-group analysis shows that the ground state is a phonon-dressed unconventional superconductor: the dominant electronic interactions account for pairing mechanism while electron-phonon interactions are subdominant. Because of the phonon dressing, the isotope effect of the critical temperature can be normal or reversed, depending on whether the retarded intra- or inter-band interactions are altered upon isotope substitutions. The connection between the anomalous isotope effect and the unconventional pairing symmetry is discussed at the end.
Towards a rational design of faecal transplant analogues
Authors: Larsen Olaf F. A. , Koning Anton H. J. , van der Spek Peter J. , Claassen Eric
Published: April 2019

Faecal transplants (microbiota transfer) have shown to be promising therapies having a wide range of therapeutic applications. However, current safety considerations hamper further valorisation. As such, well designed faecal transplant analogues provide an interesting alternative to minimize possible safety aspects. However, to date little knowledge on how to rationally design such analogues exists. Here, we show by applying first order basic graph theory that such analogues dedicated to restoring a specific physiological functionality (a microbial guild) should consist of 5–6 species to maximize stability, efficiency, and minimize safety issues and production costs.
Choriocapillaris Flow Impairments in Association with Pachyvessel in Early Stages of Pachychoroid
Authors: Baek Jiwon , Kook Lee , Lee Won Ki
Published: April 2019

To analyze features of the choriocapillaris in eyes with earlier stages of pachychoroid spectrum, this study included 46 eyes with PPE, 32 age-matched eyes with pachychoroid without epitheliopathy, and 30 normal controls. Macular 3 × 3 mm2 angiographic images were obtained with swept-source optical coherence tomography. Vascular density and signal void area in the choriocapillaris were analyzed. Topographical correlation of signal voids with the dilated choroidal large vessel (pachyvessel) was assessed. Choriocapillaris vascular density was significantly lower in eyes with PPE compared with controls (p = 0.003). The number, the total area and the average size of signal voids was the highest in the PPE group followed by the pachychoroid without epitheliopathy and then controls (all p ≤ 0.001). 89.0% signal void area colocalized with pachyvessels. The average size of the signal void was higher if it was colocalized with pachyvessel (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the area of flow impairment in the choriocapillaris was increased in eyes with pachychoroid and even greater when epitheliopathy was present. Pachyvessel was associated with choriocapillaris flow impairment by location and size.
HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins isolated from Viremic Non-Progressor individuals are fully functional and cytopathic
Authors: Cabrera-Rodríguez Romina , Hebmann Veronique , Marfil Silvia , Pernas María , Marrero-Hernández Sara , Cabrera Cecilia , Urrea Victor , Casado Concepción , Olivares Isabel , Márquez-Arce Daniel , Pérez-Yanes Silvia , Estévez-Herrera Judith , Clotet Bonaventura , Espert Lucile , López-Galíndez Cecilio , Biard-Piechaczyk Martine , Valenzuela-Fernández Agustín , Blanco Julià
Published: April 2019

In untreated HIV-1-infected individuals, viremia is positively associated with disease progression. However, some viremic non progressors (VNPs) individuals show paradoxical high CD4+ T cell counts. HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) is a major cytopathic determinant in viral replication; therefore, we have deeply characterized Env function in this rare clinical phenotype. Full-length Env clones isolated from individuals with Viral Load (VL) > 10,000 copies/mL classified as VNPs (n = 15) or rapid progressors (RPs, n = 17) were geno- and phenotypically analyzed by determining diversity, expression, CD4 binding/signaling, fusogenicity, infectivity and autophagy induction. Selected Env clones from VNPs and RPs (n = 32) showed similar expression, fusion and infection abilities. Env clones from both groups showed similar affinity for CD4 during cell-to-cell transmission and consistently induced similar levels of CD4 signaling, measured by α-tubulin acetylation. Moreover, we demonstrate for the first time that primary Env clones from VNP and RP induce autophagy in uninfected cells and that this feature correlated with fusogenic capacity but was unrelated to disease progression. In conclusion, our data suggest that Env clones from VNP individuals are fully functional. Therefore, the paradoxical CD4+ T cell count stability coexisting with high levels of viral replication is unrelated to Env function.
Discovery of novel astrovirus and calicivirus identified in ruddy turnstones in Brazil
Authors: de Souza William Marciel , Fumagalli Marcílio Jorge , de Araujo Jansen , Ometto Tatiana , Modha Sejal , Thomazelli Luciano Matsumiya , Durigon Edison Luís , Murcia Pablo Ramiro , Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu Moraes
Published: April 2019

Birds are the natural reservoir of viruses with zoonotic potential, as well as contributing to the evolution, emergence, and dissemination of novel viruses. In this study, we applied a high-throughput screening approach to identify the diversity of viruses in 118 samples of birds captured between October 2006 to October 2010 in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. We found nearly complete genomes of novel species of astrovirus and calicivirus in cloacal swabs of ruddy turnstones (Arenaria interpres) collected in Coroa do Avião islet, Pernambuco State. These viruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA with a genome of ~7 to 8 kb, and were designated as Ruddy turnstone astrovirus (RtAstV) and Ruddy turnstone calicivirus (RTCV), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RtAstV and RTCV grouped in a monophyletic clade with viruses identified from poultry samples (i.e., chicken, goose, and turkey), including viruses associated with acute nephritis in chickens. Attempts of viral propagation in monkey and chicken cell lines for both viruses were unsuccessful. Also, we found genomes related with viral families that infect invertebrates and plants, suggesting that they might be ingested in the birds’ diet. In sum, these findings shed new light on the diversity of viruses in migratory birds with the notable characterization of a novel astrovirus and calicivirus.
Submesoscale ocean fronts act as biological hotspot for southern elephant seal
Authors: Siegelman Lia , O’Toole Malcolm , Flexas Mar , Rivière Pascal , Klein Patrice
Published: April 2019

The area west of the Kerguelen Islands (20–70°E/45–60°S) is characterized by a weak mesoscale activity except for a standing meander region of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) localized between 20 and 40°E. A unique bio-physical dataset at high-resolution collected by a southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) reveals a conspicuous increase in foraging activity at the standing meander site up to 5 times larger than during the rest of her three-month trip west of the Kerguelen Islands. Here, we propose a physical explanation for such high biological activity based on the study of small-scale fronts with scales of 5 to 20 km, also called submesoscales. The standing meander is associated with intensified frontal dynamics at submesoscale, not observed in the rest of the region. Results shed new light on the spatial distribution of submesoscale fronts in the under-sampled area west of the Kerguelen plateau and emphasize their importance for upper trophic levels. Despite that most elephant seals target foraging grounds east of the Kerguelen Plateau, our findings suggest that excursions to the west are not accidental, and may be explained by the recurrently elevated physical and biological activity of the site. As such, other standing meanders of the ACC may also act as biological hotspots where trophic interactions are stimulated by submesoscale turbulence.
Response kinetics reveal novel features of ageing in murine T cells
Authors: Pieren Daan K. J. , Smits Noortje A. M. , van de Garde Martijn D. B. , Guichelaar Teun
Published: April 2019

The impact of ageing on the immune system results in defects in T cell responsiveness. The search for ageing hallmarks has been challenging due to the complex nature of immune responses in which the kinetics of T cell responsiveness have largely been neglected. We aimed to unravel hallmarks of ageing in the kinetics of the murine T cell response. To this end, we assessed ageing-related T-cell response kinetics by studying the effect of the duration and strength ofin vitrostimulation on activation, proliferation, and cytokine secretion by T cells of young and aged mice. Collectively, our data show that stimulatory strength and time kinetics of cytokine secretion, activation markers, and proliferation of Th, Tc, and Treg cells are crucial in understanding the impact of ageing on T cells. Despite low proliferative capacity, T cell subsets of aged mice do respond to stimulation by upregulation of activation markers and secretion of cytokines. These findings therefore indicate that replicative senescence of aged T cells is not a measure of unresponsiveness per se, but rather stress that ageing influences the kinetics of proliferation, upregulation of activation markers and cytokine secretion each to a different extent.
Glucosamine inhibits IL-1β expression by preserving mitochondrial integrity and disrupting assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Chiu Hsiao-Wen , Li Lan-Hui , Hsieh Chih-Yu , Rao Yerra Koteswara , Chen Fang-Hsin , Chen Ann , Ka Shuk-Man , Hua Kuo-Feng
Published: April 2019

The NLRP3 inflammasome promotes the pathogenesis of metabolic, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. Increasing evidences show that the NLRP3 inflammasome is a promising therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases. Glucosamine is widely used as a dietary supplement to promote the health of cartilage tissue and is expected to exert anti-inflammatory activity in joint inflammation, which is a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated complication. Here, we investigated whether GlcN inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome and dissected the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that GlcN suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome in mouse and human macrophages. A mechanistic study revealed that GlcN inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β precursor by reducing reactive oxygen species generation and NF-κB activation in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. GlcN also suppressed mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial integrity loss in NLRP3-activated macrophages. Additionally, GlcN disrupted NLRP3 inflammasome assembly by inhibiting NLRP3 binding to PKR, NEK7 and ASC. Furthermore, oral administration of GlcN reduced peritoneal neutrophils influx and lavage fluids concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 MCP-1 and TNF-α in uric acid crystal-injected mice. These results indicated that GlcN might be a novel dietary supplement for the amelioration of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated complications.
Magnetically Responsive Membrane
Authors: Sengupta Arijit , Qian Xianghong , Wickramasinghe S. Ranil
Published: April 2019

Membrane-based separations offer the promise of efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable separation processes. Today they fill many separations needs. As the demand for new membrane-based separation processes increases, there is an ever-increasing need for new advanced membranes. Responsive membranes are a recent development in advanced membranes, which respond to an external stimulus. Magnetically responsive membranes are examples of field responsive membranes, which respond to an external magnetic field without any requirement of mass transfer. An external magnetic field can elicit three possible responses: magnetophoretic actuation, localized heating and movement of tethered magnetic particles. The response depends on the attachment of the magnetic particles to the membrane polymer as well as the external magnetic field. Typically, magnetically responsive particles can be embedded in the membrane matrix, attached to the membrane surface or tethered via polymer brushes. To date, most studies of magnetically responsive membranes have focused on suppression of membrane fouling and drug delivery. It is likely that many more applications for magnetically responsive membranes will be developed in the future.
Smart Microcapsule Membranes for Controlled Release
Authors: Ju Xiao-Jie , Chu Liang-Yin
Published: April 2019

The design, fabrication and controlled release properties of environmental stimuli-responsive microcapsule membranes are introduced here. These smart microcapsule membranes can modulate their permeability, mass transport, targeting/sensing, or surface features responding to diverse environmental stimuli, such as temperature, pH, magnetic field, specific molecules/ions and so on. Especially for drug delivery systems, the smart microcapsules can load a variety of drugs or chemicals and release them at a suitable time and rate, and in a desired place where ambient conditions such as pH or temperature differ from those in other places. Two types of controlled release modes are presented here, i.e., controllable burst release and controllable on–off release.
Artificial Oscillating Membrane Systems
Authors: Bell D. J. , Wessling M.
Published: April 2019

In this chapter, recent research dealing with the development of artificial oscillating membranes is presented. The research on dynamical and self-regulated systems is of significance to understand the physiochemical phenomena that occur in biological membrane-based oscillating systems. In the course of this chapter, different categories of artificial oscillating membranes are shown and the underlying mechanisms for oscillations are explained. The chapter gives a comprehensive overview of oscillating membrane systems and emphasises the importance of the out-of-equilibrium state and close interplay and feedback of mass transport and driving forces across a membrane and physiochemical processes to generate self-regulated systems.
A T7 exonuclease-RCA dual amplification system for high-sensitivity and high-selectivity analysis of microRNA
Authors: Xu Yan , Li Yan , Zhou Hongkun , Mei Xiaoping , Ye Jieyun , Chen Wenyu , Kang Yongli
Published: April 2019

A novel combination of rolling circle amplification and T7 exonuclease-assisted amplification to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of microRNA molecules was developed.
Emerging investigator series: investigation of mercury emission sources using Hg isotopic compositions of atmospheric mercury at the Cape Hedo Atmosphere and Aerosol Monitoring Station (CHAAMS), Japan
Authors: Yamakawa A. , Takami A. , Takeda Y. , Kato S. , Kajii Y.
Published: April 2019

This study conducted mercury (Hg) isotopic analysis, which has been expected as a new indicator for understanding the behavior of atmospheric Hg.
Isolation and identification of iron-chelating peptides from casein hydrolysates
Authors: Miao Jianyin , Liao Wanwen , Pan Zhuoyong , Wang Qiang , Duan Shan , Xiao Suyao , Yang Zhennai , Cao Yong
Published: April 2019

Iron deficiency is a common nutritional disorder worldwide.
The feasibility of ROS- and GSH-responsive micelles for treating tumor-initiating and metastatic cancer stem cells
Authors: Yu Lu-Yi , Shen Yao-An , Chen Ming-Hung , Wen Yu-Han , Hsieh Po-I , Lo Chun-Liang
Published: April 2019

In this study, stimuli-responsive micelles were prepared to evaluate the effect of micellar composition on cancer stem cells.
On the anomalous optical conductivity dispersion of electrically conducting polymers: ultra-wide spectral range ellipsometry combined with a Drude–Lorentz model
Authors: Chen Shangzhi , Kühne Philipp , Stanishev Vallery , Knight Sean , Brooke Robert , Petsagkourakis Ioannis , Crispin Xavier , Schubert Mathias , Darakchieva Vanya , Jonsson Magnus P.
Published: April 2019

Ultra-wide range spectral range ellipsometry sheds light on the anomalous optical conductivity of conducting polymers.
Evaluation of glyphosate and AMPA in honey by water extraction followed by ion chromatography mass spectrometry. A pilot monitoring study
Authors: Pareja Lucia , Jesús Florencia , Heinzen Horacio , Hernando María Dolores , Rajski Łukasz , Fernández-Alba Amadeo R.
Published: April 2019

Two straightforward methods for glyphosate and AMPA analysis in honey through ion chromatography coupled to Q-Orbitrap accurate high-resolution mass spectrometry as well as their application to real samples are presented.
Nanoscale vesicles assembled from non-planar cyclic molecules for efficient cell penetration
Authors: Tang Huang , Gu Zhewei , Li Cheng , Li Zhibo , Wu Wei , Jiang Xiqun
Published: April 2019

A new approach to the development of functional biomaterials is to obtain a controllable nanostructure through supramolecular self-assembly.
Turning the product selectivity of nitrile hydrogenation from primary to secondary amines by precise modification of Pd/SiC catalysts using NiO nanodots
Authors: Jiao Zhi-Feng , Zhao Ji-Xiao , Guo Xiao-Ning , Tong Xi-Li , Zhang Bin , Jin Guo-Qiang , Qin Yong , Guo Xiang-Yun
Published: April 2019

The selectivity of nitrile hydrogenation was turned by the concentration of hydrogen radicals on Pd surface.
High-responsivity two-dimensional p-PbI2/n-WS2 vertical heterostructure photodetectors enhanced by photogating effect
Authors: Qi Zhaoyang , Yang Tiefeng , Li Dong , Li Honglai , Wang Xiao , Zhang Xuehong , Li Fang , Zheng Weihao , Fan Peng , Zhuang Xiujuan , Pan Anlian
Published: April 2019

High-performance vapor-grown PbI2/WS2 heterostructure photodetectors enhanced by the photogating effect.
Dinuclear zinc synergistic catalytic asymmetric phospha-Michael/Michael cascade reaction: synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indanes bearing phosphoryl groups
Authors: Tao Bing-Kai , Yang Hua , Hua Yuan-Zhao , Wang Min-Can
Published: April 2019

A series of new 1,2,3-trisubstituted indane derivatives containing phosphorus groups are efficiently obtained via asymmetric dinuclear zinc synergistic catalytic phospha-Michael/Michael cascade reaction.
Design of S–S bond containing maleimide-conjugatedcloso-dodecaborate (SSMID): identification of unique modification sites on albumin and investigation of intracellular uptake
Authors: Ishii Satomu , Sato Shinichi , Asami Hiroya , Hasegawa Tomoko , Kohno Jun-Ya , Nakamura Hiroyuki
Published: April 2019

The S–S bond containing maleimide-conjugatedcloso-dodecaborate (SSMID) was synthesised to identify the binding sites in bovin serum albumin (BSA).
Heavy atom-free semiconducting polymer with high singlet oxygen quantum yield for prostate cancer synergistic phototherapy
Authors: Shen Jian , Chen Jianjiao , Ke Zhen , Zou Dengfeng , Sun Liguo , Zou Jianhua
Published: April 2019

Heavy atom free NDNT have a great potential for prostate cancer therapy both in vitro and in vivo.
A highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for quantitative detection of Al3+ in food, water, and living cells
Authors: Jiang Qian , Li Mingxin , Song Jie , Yang Yiqin , Xu Xu , Xu Haijun , Wang Shifa
Published: April 2019

Probe 2a exhibiting high sensitivity, good selectivity, wide pH range, lower detection limit, and rapid detection for Al3+, probe 2a was applied for the successful detection of Al3+ in water samples, food samples and HeLa cells.
Acoustic trap-and-release for rapid assessment of cell motility
Authors: Kim Minji , Huff Emma , Bottier Mathieu , Dutcher Susan K. , Bayly Philip V. , Meacham J. Mark
Published: April 2019

Acoustic confinement and subsequent release enable aggregate, highly sensitive measurement of swimming effectiveness for populations of dispersing cells.
Fe2P@mesoporous carbon nanosheets synthesized via an organic template method as a cathode electrocatalyst for Zn–air batteries
Authors: Fan Huailin , Liu Huan , Hu Xun , Lv Guangqiang , Zheng Yan , He Fei , Ma Delong , Liu Qing , Lu Yizhong , Shen Wenzhong
Published: April 2019

Organic layers were formed using a melamine crystal template, which transformed carbon nanosheets with Fe2P into a mesoporous structure after carbonization.
g-C3N4 nanosheets enhanced solid polymer electrolytes with excellent electrochemical performance, mechanical properties, and thermal stability
Authors: Sun Zongjie , Li Yuhan , Zhang Shuyang , Shi Lei , Wu Hu , Bu Huaitian , Ding Shujiang
Published: April 2019

g-C3N4 nanosheets are used as solid electrolyte filler for the first time.
Silver niobate based lead-free ceramics with high energy storage density
Authors: Yan Zhongna , Zhang Dou , Zhou Xuefan , Qi He , Luo Hang , Zhou Kechao , Abrahams Isaac , Yan Haixue
Published: April 2019

Electrical field dependence of permittivity in (1 − x)AN-xBZN ceramics. Arrow directions down, up and down then up are related to domain switching, field induced transition and domain switching plus field induced transitions, respectively.
ZnS quantum dot intercalated layered double hydroxide semiconductors for solar water splitting and organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Amani-Ghadim Ali Reza , Khodam Fatemeh , Seyed Dorraji Mir Saeed
Published: April 2019

MIIZnAl-LDH/ZnS QD (MII = Co or Mn) nanocomposites were synthesized by assembling oppositely charged 2D LDH layers and ZnS QDs. The MIIZnAl-LDH/ZnS QDs exhibited enhanced visible light harvesting ability, considerable visible light photocatalytic activity and photostability.
The complex defect chemistry of antimony selenide
Authors: Savory Christopher N. , Scanlon David O.
Published: April 2019

Sb2Se3 is a highly promising solar absorber material, however a comprehensive study of its intrinsic defects finds multiple deep transition levels within the gap that could limit open circuit voltages of cells.
Thienochrysenocarbazole based organic dyes for transparent solar cells with over 10% efficiency
Authors: Xie Xinrui , Sun Danyang , Wei Yuefang , Yuan Yi , Zhang Jing , Ren Yutong , Wang Peng
Published: April 2019

Stable, transparent organic dye-sensitized solar cells were made with over 10% efficiencies.
Heterogeneous growth of palladium nanocrystals on upconversion nanoparticles for multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy
Authors: Zhao Huijun , Zhao Lei , Wang Zhuo , Xi Wensong , Dibaba Solomon Tiruneh , Wang Shuhan , Shi Liyi , Sun Lining
Published: April 2019

Based on the heterogeneous growth of nano-palladium on UCNPs, a new kind of nanocomposite was developed that can be used for dual-imaging guided photothermal therapy. This smart strategy provides new insights for future development of materials based on the multicomponent nanocomposites.
Synergistic effects of hydrogen bonds and the hybridized excited state observed for high-efficiency, deep-blue fluorescent emitters with narrow emission in OLED applications
Authors: Qiu Xu , Xu Yuwei , Wang Cong , Hanif Muddasir , Zhou Jiadong , Zeng Cheng , Li Ya , Jiang Qinglin , Zhao Ruiyang , Hu Dehua , Ma Yuguang
Published: April 2019

A highly efficient deep-blue OLED with narrow emission induced by the synergistic effects of H-bonds and the HLCT excited-state of TPA-PPI-OH was achieved.
Controllable synthesis of Ag/AgCl@MIL-88A via in situ growth method for morphology-dependent photocatalytic performance
Authors: Wu Wubin , Wang Jingchao , Zhang Tianyong , Jiang Shuang , Ma Xiaoyuan , Zhang Guanghui , Zhang Xia , Chen Xingwei , Li Bin
Published: April 2019

Several different fusiform-shaped Ag/AgCl@MIL-88A (ACML) materials with good photocatalytic activity were prepared successfully by using the in situ growth method.
The photomechanic effects of the molecular crystals based on 5-chloro-2-(naphthalenylvinyl)benzoxazols fueled by topo-photochemical reactions
Authors: Peng Jiang , Ye Kaiqi , Liu Cheng , Sun Jingbo , Lu Ran
Published: April 2019

Photoactuators of naphthalenylvinylbenzoxazols-based molecular crystals have been generated.
Two-dimensional eclipsed arrangement hybrid perovskites for tunable energy level alignments and photovoltaics
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Ganose Alex M. , Niu Chunming , Scanlon David O.
Published: April 2019

With tunable electronic properties and energy alignments of organic/inorganic components, (AEQT)BX4 opens up the possibility to theoretically tailor charge separation/recombination.
A pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 inhibits necroptosis by preventing phosphorylation of RIPK1 and alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis
Authors: Zhang Chong , Luo Yiqin , He Qiaoling , Liu Shuai , He Andong , Yan Jie
Published: April 2019

A dramatic increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been observed in the past two decades, mainly in developed countries and also in developing regions. Necroptosis has been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD, suggesting its inhibitors are promising in clinic. However, clinical drugs targeting necroptosis are seriously lacking. Through screening a clinical compound library that contains 611 inhibitors, a pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 was found to be promising as a necroptosis inhibitor. LY3009120 inhibited necroptosis in vitro, and its inhibition against necroptosis was independent of its well-known activity to inhibit RAF. Surprisingly, LY3009120 prevented phosphorylation of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) and subsequently phosphorylation of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase (MLKL) which happened during necroptosis. In vivo, LY3009120 significantly alleviated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis as indicated by prevention of body weight loss, colon shortening, and decreased mortality. Furthermore, LY3009120 inhibited necroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and prevented intestinal barrier function loss. Consistently, LY3009120 decreased DSS-induced colonic inflammation, as indicated by decreased infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, and decreased colonic TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β level in DSS treated mice. These results indicate that an anti-cancer pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 is a necroptosis inhibitor and may serve as a potential therapeutic drug for colitis.
Activity time series of old stars from late F to early K
Authors: Meunier N. , Lagrange A.-M. , Boulet T. , Borgniet S.
Published: April 2019

Context. Solar simulations and observations show that the detection of long-period Earth-like planets is expected to be very difficult with radial velocity techniques in the solar case because of activity. The inhibition of the convective blueshift in active regions (which is then dominating the signal) is expected to decrease toward lower mass stars, which would provide more suitable conditions.

Aims. In this paper we build synthetic time series to be able to precisely estimate the effects of activity on exoplanet detectability for stars with a wide range of spectral type (F6-K4) and activity levels (old main-sequence stars).

Methods. We simulated a very large number of realistic time series of radial velocity, chromospheric emission, photometry, and astrometry. We built a coherent grid of stellar parameters that covers a wide range in the (B–V, Log R′HK) space based on our current knowledge of stellar activity, to be able to produce these time series. We describe the model and assumptions in detail.

Results. We present first results on chromospheric emission. We find the average Log R′HK to correspond well to the target values that are expected from the model, and observe a strong effect of inclination on the average Log R′HK (over time) and its long-term amplitude.

Conclusions. This very large set of synthetic time series offers many possibilities for future analysis, for example, for the parameter effect, correction method, and detection limits of exoplanets.
Extreme hydrodynamic losses of Earth-like atmospheres in the habitable zones of very active stars
Authors: Johnstone C. P. , Khodachenko M. L. , Lüftinger T. , Kislyakova K. G. , Lammer H. , Güdel M.
Published: April 2019

Aims. In this Letter, we calculate for the first time the full transonic hydrodynamic escape of an Earth-like atmosphere. We consider the case of an Earth-mass planet with an atmospheric composition identical to that of the current Earth orbiting at 1 AU around a young and very active solar mass star.

Methods. To model the upper atmosphere, we used the Kompot Code, which is a first-principles model that calculates the physical structures of the upper atmospheres of planets, taking into account hydrodynamics and the main chemical and thermal processes taking place in the upper atmosphere of a planet. This model enabled us to calculate the 1D vertical structure of the atmosphere using as input the high-energy spectrum of a young and active Sun.

Results. The atmosphere has the form of a transonic hydrodynamic Parker wind, which has an outflow velocity at the upper boundary of our computational domain that exceeds the escape velocity. The outflowing gas is dominated by atomic nitrogen and oxygen and their ion equivalents and has a maximum ionization fraction of 20%. The mass outflow rate is found to be 1.8 × 109 g s−1, which would erode the modern Earth’s atmosphere in less than 0.1 Myr.

Conclusions. This extreme mass loss rate suggests that an Earth-like atmosphere cannot form when the planet is orbiting within the habitable zone of a very active star. Instead, such an atmosphere can only form after the activity of the star has decreased to a much lower level. This happened in the early atmosphere of the Earth, which was likely dominated by other gases such as CO2. Since the time it takes for the activity of a star to decay is highly dependent on its mass, this is important for understanding possible formation timescales for planets orbiting low-mass stars.
Gaia DR2 orbital properties for field stars with globular cluster-like CN band strengths
Authors: Savino A. , Posti L.
Published: April 2019

Context. Large spectroscopic surveys of the Milky Way have revealed that a small population of stars in the halo have light element abundances comparable to those found in globular clusters. The favoured explanation for the peculiar abundances of these stars is that they originated inside a globular cluster and were subsequently lost.

Aims. Using orbit calculations we assess the likelihood that an existing sample of 57 field stars with globular cluster-like CN band strength originated in any of the currently known Milky Way globular clusters.

Methods. Using Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Gaia data, we determine orbits and integrals of motion of our sample of field stars, and use these values and metallicity to identify likely matches to globular clusters. The pivot hypothesis is that had these stars been stripped from such objects, they would have remained on very similar orbits.

Results. We find that ∼70% of the sample of field stars have orbital properties consistent with the halo of the Milky Way; however, only 20 stars have likely orbital associations with an existing globular cluster. The remaining ∼30% of the sample have orbits that place them in the outer Galactic disc. No cluster of similar metallicity is known on analogous disc orbits.

Conclusions. The orbital properties of the halo stars seem to be compatible with the globular cluster escapee scenario. The stars in the outer disc are particularly surprising and deserve further investigation to establish their nature.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for the strong local minimality of C1 extremals on a class of non-smooth domains
Authors: Cordero Judith Campos , Koumatos Konstantinos
Published: April 2019

Motivated by applications in materials science, a set of quasiconvexity at the boundary conditions is introduced for domains that are locally diffeomorphic to cones. These conditions are shown to be necessary for strong local minimisers in the vectorial Calculus of Variations and a quasiconvexity-based sufficiency theorem is established for C1 extremals defined on this class of non-smooth domains. The sufficiency result presented here thus extends the seminal theorem by Grabovsky and Mengesha (2009), where smoothness assumptions are made on the boundary.
Stochastic filtering and optimal control of pure jump Markov processes with noise-free partial observation
Authors: Calvia Alessandro
Published: April 2019

We consider an infinite horizon optimal control problem for a pure jump Markov processX, taking values in a complete and separable metric spaceI, with noise-free partial observation. The observation process is defined asYt=h(Xt),t≥ 0, wherehis a given map defined onI. The observation is noise-free in the sense that the only source of randomness is the processXitself. The aim is to minimize a discounted cost functional. In the first part of the paper we write down an explicit filtering equation and characterize the filtering process as a Piecewise Deterministic Process. In the second part, after transforming the original control problem with partial observation into one with complete observation (the separated problem) using filtering equations, we prove the equivalence of the original and separated problems through an explicit formula linking their respective value functions. The value function of the separated problem is also characterized as the unique fixed point of a suitably defined contraction mapping.
Pentaquark and hybrid states
Authors: Santopinto Elena
Published: April 2019

We resume our results on the heavy quarkonium hybrids [19], and on the recently observed pentaquark states [16–18]. The latter have been investigated in three different scenarios: as compact pentaquark states [20], as a quantum superposition of D(*)Λc, D(*)Σc andD(*)Σ(*)c$D^{(\ast )} \Sigma _{c}^{(\ast )}$andmeson-baryon states [30], and as a quantum superposition of meson-baryon molecular states and compact five-quark states [31].
Energy dependence of the vectorAyand tensorAyyandAxxanalyzing powers in deuteron-proton elastic scattering at large scattering angles
Authors: Ladygin V.P. , Averyanov A.V. , Chernykh E.V. , Enache D. , Gurchin Yu.V. , Isupov A.Yu. , Janek M. , Karachuk J.-T. , Khrenov A.N. , Krivenkov D.O. , Kurilkin P.K. , Ladygina N.B. , Livanov A.N. , Mezhenska O. , Piyadin S.M. , Reznikov S.G. , Skhomenko Ya.T. , Terekhin A.A. , Tishevsky A.V. , Uesaka T.
Published: April 2019

The results on the angular dependencies of the vectorAyand tensorAyyandAxxanalyzing powers in deuteron-proton elastic scattering at large scattering angles are presented. These data were obtained at internal target at the JINR Nuclotron in the energy range 400-1800 MeV using polarized deuteron beam from new polarized ion source. New data on the deuteron analyzing powers in the wide energy range demonstrate strong sensitivity to the short-range spin structure of the isoscalar nucleon-nucleon correlations observed earlier. The perspectives of further studies of the short-range correlations using carbon, polarized deuteron and proton beams are discussed.
Spin as an intrinsic form of top angular momentum
Authors: Pestov Ivanhoe
Published: April 2019

In quantum mechanics and particle physics, Spin is considered as an intrinsic form of the quantum orbital angular momentum. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate that in accordance with the creative original idea of Kronig, Uhlenbeck and Goudsmit, Spin can be represented as an intrinsic form of quantum Spherical Top angular momentum. It will be shown that this internal symmetry can be realized on a set of the simplest geometrical quantities, which themselves do not exhibit this emergent property. That is why this phenomenon will be called Emergent Spin. The concept of Spin as an emergent property is more general than the habitual concept of Spin and, hence, it can be interesting in terms of discussion of possible ways to look for a physics beyond the Standard Model. Now, there is no doubt that new physics really exists and we need clear guidance on the best place to look.
EMC effect at small Bjorken x values
Authors: Kotikov A. , Shaikhatdenov B. , Zhang P.
Published: April 2019

The Bessel-inspired behavior of parton densities at small Bjorken x values is used along with “frozen” and analytic modifications of the strong coupling constant [1] to study the so-called EMC effect. Among other results, this approach allowed predicting small x behavior of the gluon density in nuclei.
Prospects for the study of event-by-event fluctuations at MPD/NICA project
Authors: Mudrokh Alexander
Published: April 2019

One of the main physics goals of the Multi Purpose Detector (MPD) is to investigate hot and dense baryonic matter in heavy ion collisions at NICA energies to search for the possible critical end point (CEP). Since the location of CEP is not clear the entire accessible region of the QCD phase diagram needs to be explored by scanning the full range of available beam energies. In case of CEP existence it can be observed by abnormal fluctuations of various quantities such as net-proton multiplicity.

This task requires excellent particle identification (PID) capability over as large as possible phase space volume. The identification of charged hadrons is achieved at the momenta of 0:1 – 3 GeV/c. The results of hadron identification and preliminary possibility estimation of the study of event-by-event fluctuations at MPD will be presented.
Check of the structure in photon pairs spectra at the invariant mass of about 38 MeV/c2
Authors: Abraamyan Khachik , Austin Chris , Baznat Mircea , Gudima Konstantin , Kozhin Mikhail , Reznikov Sergey , Sorin Alexander
Published: April 2019

Results of analysis of the effective mass spectra of photon pairs produced in dC, dCu and pC interactions at momenta of 2.75, 3.83 and 5.5 GeV/c per nucleon, respectively, are presented. A structure at effective mass of about 38 MeV/c2 is observed. The results of testing the observed signal are presented. The test results support the conclusion that the observed signal is the consequence of detection of a particle with a mass of about 38 MeV/c2 decaying into a pair of photons.
Quantum spin dynamics in external classical fields
Authors: Obukhov Yuri N. , Silenko Alexander J. , Teryaev Oleg V.
Published: April 2019

We study the quantum and classical dynamics of spinning particles in the framework of the general-relativistic covariant Dirac theory. The exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for the most general case of a fermion in arbitrary configurations of the gravitational, inertial and electromagnetic fields is derived. We demonstrate the complete consistency of the quantum and classical dynamics. As physical applications, we discuss prospects of probing spacetime structure and using spin effects for gravitational wave detection.
Research of Filling Ratio and Fluidization Performance of Dense-Packing Aluminum Powder
Authors: Zhu Xiaofei , Hu Chunbo , Yang Jiangang , Li Yue , Liu Shining , Deng Zhe
Published: April 2019

Based on the granule packing theory, grading vibrating filling experiments have been carried out for aluminum powder with different particle sizes. The effects of the several factors on the dense filling ratio of aluminum powder, such as filling craft, vibration time and grading parameter, have been discussed. The distribution uniformity of particle size and fluidization performance of the dense-packing aluminum powder have been detected and analyzed. The results show that the powder filling ratio can be improved greatly by performing the batch packing, stirring and vibrating on powder. The initial vibration can improve the powder filling ratio obviously, but the ascension is not obvious with the increasing of vibration time. The selection of grading parameter should ensure that the small particles can fill in the gaps among large particles. The filling ratio as high as 73.02% has been obtained under the grading parameterm100 μm:m15μm:m1μm=6.89:2.97:1. The testing results show that the size uniformity of aluminum powder obtained by this filling craft is good at the same height, but need to be improved at different heights. The fluidization performance of dense-packing aluminum is good, and the accuracy of powder supply reaches 3.6%, which can meet the requirement of powder supply in powder rocket engine.
Optimizing Underwater Game Strategy Based on Cooperative Confrontation
Authors: Wei Na , Liu Mingyong , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Xiaojian
Published: April 2019

Based on the multi-round confrontation of multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVS), the concept of Nash equilibrium is used to solve the problem of underwater dynamic cooperative confrontation of multiple AUVs. From the perspective of confrontation strategies of both sides of an AUV and considering the influence of survival probability index function and the uncertain factors of underwater environment, the unit target allocation model of multiple AUVs based on dynamic game and game matrix are established. By solving the Nash equilibrium solution of the game model, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to solve the Nash equilibrium point for obtaining the optimal attack and defense strategies of both sides. The feasibility and effectiveness of the method was verified by simulation.
Analytical Energy Release Rate of Interfacial Crack in Composite Laminates
Authors: Zheng Weiling , Zheng Longxi
Published: April 2019

In order to study whether the interfacial crack will grow or not in the composite laminates, the energy release rate of a crack in three-point bending model was obtained by using the Timoshenko beam theory and local generalized forces. The results of energy release rate were validated by the finite element results. The results indicate that the energy release rate of left crack tip is equal to that of the right crack tip when the crack before the crack goes cross the loading point; after the crack goes cross the loading point, the energy release rate of the left crack tip increases and then decreases gradually, while the energy release rate of right crack tip decreases first and increases later; the energy release rate of left crack tip is equal to that of the right crack tip again when the crack is symmetric with the loading point.
Expériences et réflexions chez l’enfant
Authors: Cancès Claude
Published: April 2019

L’arrivée d’une innovation thérapeutique suscite bien évidemment l’enthousiasme. Pas question pour autant d’en oublier d’exercer son esprit critique ni d’utiliser les connaissances acquises et les recommandations existantes au moment d’implémenter cette nouvelle donne dans les pratiques, au bénéfice des patients.
L’organisation de la pharmacovigilance en France, en Europe et dans le monde
Authors: Lebrun-Vignes Bénédicte
Published: April 2019

Recevoir un nouveau médicament pour soigner une maladie rare signifie aussi en connaitre potentiellement les effets secondaires, qu’ils soient déjà connus ou pas encore. Leur signalement intéresse au plus haut point les équipes de pharmacovigilance, dont le rôle consiste à surveiller de près la pharmacopée et à prévenir le risque d’événements indésirables qui résultent de son utilisation. Gros plan sur une discipline à l’image souvent malmenée.
Thérapies innovantes et organisation des structures de soins
Authors: Desguerre Isabelle , Perreau-Saussine Marianne , Annane Djillali , Solé Guilhem
Published: April 2019

Comment les établissements de santé peuvent-ils s’organiser pour se mettre en capacité de proposer une innovation thérapeutique à tous les patients concernés dès son arrivée sur le marché, sans sélection et dans de bonnes conditions ? À partir de l’expérience du Myozyme® et du Spinraza®, une solution se dessine qui mêle agilité, flexibilité et compétences dédiées.
Biothérapies
Authors: Braun Serge
Published: April 2019

Les premiers biomédicaments conçus pour traiter des maladies neuromusculaires sont déjà sur le marché. Ils ne constituent pourtant que la partie émergée d’un iceberg considérable. Les développements en cours sont foisonnants, pour la thérapie génique comme cellulaire. L’AFM-Téléthon contribue depuis plusieurs décennies à impulser cette dynamique, qui n’est pas sans générer de nouveaux défis.
Poursuivre ensemble le chemin vers l’accès aux thérapeutiques
Authors: Cottet Christian
Published: April 2019

Les thérapies innovantes arrivent dans les maladies neuromusculaires et avec elles, de nouveaux challenges. Le premier d’entre eux est que tous les malades concernés puissent accéder à ces nouveaux traitements, tout en continuant à bénéficier d’une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire de qualité. Un grand défi à relever de façon collective.