bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEGRADASI SELF-CHARACTER PEMUDA BANJAR: TELAAH SKALA KESOPANAN BERELAAN DALAM MASYARAKAT BANJAR DAN TINJAUAN AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Fajriani Noor Annisa , Mushlihati Mushlihati
Published: April 2023

Banjar society is very thick with religious values and cultural customs, both in interaction and communication. However, nowadays the value of politeness begins to decline. This study aims to understand the value of the politeness scale of willingness and instilling self-concept of character in Banjar youth and to identify the content of the meaning of will in studying the Qur'an from time to time in Banjar society. This study uses qualitative research with a literature study approach. The results of this study found that the values contained in the meaning of volunteerism are the values of tawadhu, qana'ah, resignation, sincerity, gratitude, and forgiveness. This content can be revived by mengaji beduduk reading as contained with papadah of Banjar scholars such as Prince Antasari, Sheikh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, and Guru Sekumpul
Pesquisas baseadas em corpus feitas por aprendizes: perspectiva dos estudantes e contribuições para o ensino e a aprendizagem de ESP para aviação
Authors: Terenzi Daniela
Published: April 2023

Neste artigo é apresentada uma investigação sobre a opinião de graduandos em tecnologia em manutenção de aeronaves sobre pesquisas (Iniciação científica e Trabalho de conclusão de curso) sendo que alguns deles desenvolveram seus estudos com base em corpus. Para tanto, como pesquisa exploratória, dois questionários foram aplicados. Os resultados dos estudos baseados em corpus trazem benefícios para o ensino, na elaboração de aulas e para a aprendizagem, já que os alunos estudam inglês ao realizarem suas pesquisas. Além disso, as respostas deles nos questionários mostram uma opinião positiva sobre a experiência.
Analisis Jenis Jenis Dan Penyebab Kekerasan Seksual Di Lingkungan Kampus
Authors: Irfawandi Irfawandi , Hirwan Irwanda , Aziz Zahra Mawarda , Syukur M. , Arifin Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

Kekerasan seksual di kampus merupakan masalah serius yang terjadi di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Jenis-jenis kekerasan seksual di kampus meliputi pelecehan verbal, fisik, dan non-fisik. Pelecehan verbal meliputi kata-kata kasar atau merendahkan, tekanan untuk melakukan hubungan seksual, dan komentar seksual yang tidak diinginkan. Pelecehan fisik meliputi sentuhan, ciuman, atau aksi yang lebih serius seperti pemerkosaan. Penyebab kekerasan seksual di kampus diantaranya seperti kesenjangan kekuasaan antara pelaku dan korban. Selain itu, faktor lingkungan seperti kurangnya pencahayaan atau pengawasan di area kampus tertentu juga dapat meningkatkan risiko kekerasan seksual. pendidikan yang kurang efektif tentang seksualitas, dan norma sosial yang membenarkan kekerasan seksual. Dari pemermasalahan diatas Kampus perlu menerapkan kebijakan dan program yang efektif untuk mengurangi kekerasan seksual di kampus. Program tersebut meliputi pendidikan seksualitas yang terintegrasi, pelatihan untuk mengekspresikan diri dengan tepat dan menerima penolakan, serta tindakan pencegahan lainnya seperti peningkatan keamanan dan pengawasan di area kampus tertentu. Tindakan pencegahan yang efektif dapat membantu mencegah kekerasan seksual di kampus dan menciptakan lingkungan kampus yang lebih aman dan sehat bagi semua orang.
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
Authors: Rozanova Nina N.
Published: April 2023

The importance of studying the reputation of authorities is connected, on the one hand, with the formation of a consolidated system of political power and, on the other hand, with the highly social orientation of the category of the ‘reputation of authorities’, reflecting the value-based attitude of citizens towards them. The article presents the results of research aimed at the analysis of the reputation of Russian authorities, with a special focus on the regional branch of executive power. The paper examines the reputation of Russian authorities of different levels and branches using the example of regional executive bodies. The author determines the structure and features of the reputation core of the conceptual category ‘Russia’s authorities’ understood both as federal and municipal authorities of the Russian Federation as a whole. The article also offers a comparison of the reputation core of regional executive authorities with that of ‘Russia’s authorities’ in general. The methods used in this research are expert assessment and population surveys conducted in six regions of Central Russia. The study has revealed the main characteristics constituting the reputation core of executive authorities and described their specificity in different regions. Based on the results of the theoretical and empirical analyses, the author proposes a novel approach to defining the structure of the reputation core characteristic of the federal and regional executive authorities. The reputation core is a multi-component conceptual construct dominated by several integrating characteristics such as honesty, responsibility, justice, concern for and protection of citizens. No differences in the structure of the reputation core of the federal and regional executive authorities have been identified. However, the degree to which these characteristics manifest themselves varies. The reputation of regional authorities is assessed based on a system of values, expectations and the results of their work with the federal centre, citizens’ experience of communication with regional authorities and the assessment of their activity. The reputation of the regional executive authorities is characterised by lesser stability of the conceptual characteristics of the near periphery and greater dynamism of the outer conceptual boundaries, especially in specific regions.
A typology of the Baltic region states according to excellence in science and technology
Authors: Azhinov Danil G. , Lapshova Tatiana E.
Published: April 2023

Global manufacturing systems function in such a way that countries develop industrial spe­cialisation, which leads to territorial disparities. The countries of the Baltic region are no exception despite their strong economic ties and developed industries. A signifi­cant element of any manufacturing system is its scientific and technological subsystem, which is described in this article for ten countries (Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Nor­way, Finland, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Russia), based on an analysis of a clustered set of national character­istics: R&D financing and staffing in the scientific and technological subsystem. A total of ten indicators, absolute and relative, are investigated. The study relies on combined grouping, graphical and cluster analysis to build a typology of countries and distinguish their types ac­cording to their scientific and technological excellence As a result, a typology of the countries of the Baltic Sea region has been pro­posed and types of countries with similar characteristics have been identified: the two main types are traditional market economies and post-socialist countries, whose common features are observed in all sets of main characteristics. Several subtypes are described as well. The research draws on 2010—2019 (2020) statistical data from the European Statistical Office (Eurostat), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat).
Conidial germination of marine-derived fungi under simulated deep-sea conditions in the presence of inducers
Authors: Krishnaswamy Akhila , Damare Samir Ravikant
Published: April 2023

The abilities of conidia of four deep-sea fungi, Aspergillus flavus NIOCC20, A. sydowii CH2, A. terreus A4636 and Penicillium sp. A4623 and one terrestrial fungus, A. terreus MTCC479 to germinate under simulated deep-sea conditions were investigated by exposing the conidia to low temperature (4 °C) and elevated hydrostatic pressures (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 MPa). The conidial germination was evaluated in presence of chemical inducers, including Thiamine, Sodium pyruvate, Hydrochloric acid, Sulphuric acid and Sucrose, in a basal medium of 1/5th strength of malt extract broth and subjected to heat treatment at 70 °C for 60 min, and incubated for 30 days under simulated deep-sea conditions. The conidia of Aspergillus flavus, A. sydowii and Penicillium sp. germinated and developed into mycelia under almost all the treatments with and without heat inducement. However, the number of germinated conidia of A. terreus A4636 and A. terreus MTCC479 was lower than the other three fungal species. This is the first study demonstrating in vitro germination of conidia of deep-sea fungi at low temperature with elevated hydrostatic pressures. Further studies are warranted to obtain insights into in situ conditions that are favourable for conidial germination and fungal activity in deep-sea niches.
Smut fungi: a compendium of their diversity and distribution in India
Authors: Gautam Ajay Kumar , Verma Rajnish Kumar , Avasthi Shubhi , Sushma Sushma , Devadatha Bandarupalli , Thakur Shivani , Kashyap Prem Lal , Prasher Indu Bhushan , Bhadauria Rekha , Niranjan Mekala , Ranadive Kiran Ramchandra
Published: April 2023

A compendium of Indian smut fungi with respect to their diversity and distribution is provided in this paper. After compiling all the information available in online and offline resources, it was revealed that Indian smut fungi comprise 18 genera and 159 species belonging to five families. About 189 host plant species belonging to eight families are reportedly infected by smut fungi, Poaceae being the most infected. Similarly, Ustilago was reported with highest number of species (48) from India that accounts for 30.38 % of total number of species. Ustilago was followed by Sporisorium and Anthracocystis. Other genera recorded from India are Ahmadiago, Bambusiomyces, Cintractia, Clinoconidium, Eriocaulago, Farysia, Franzpetrakia, Macalpinomyces, Melanopsichium, Melanotaenium, Moesziomyces, Pericladium, Stollia, Tolyposporium and Tranzscheliella. Inaccessibility of literature on online platforms and ceased publications of many journals are the reasons for the dispersed literature of Indian smut fungi. This causes difficulties to researchers, especially young and emerging mycologists working on, or starting taxonomic work on smut fungi. The present paper provides a complete account of diversity and distribution of Indian smut fungi in a single-source document, for the benefit of national and international students and plant pathologists working on smut fungi.
RELASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DI ANTARA STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN MOOD, UNDERSTAND, RECALL, DIGEST, EXPAND, REVIEW (MURDER) DAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Supriyadi Oktaviana , Sulistyo Simeon
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Proses mengajar terutama seorang guru haruslah mempunyai suatu ide, kekreatifan, strategi ataupun rencana untuk pembelajaran kepada anak, dan memperhatikan suasana di dalam kelas supaya anak dalam belajar tidak merasakan kebosanan dan jenuh dalam hal menerima materi yang disampaikan oleh guru. Persoalan yang timbul adalah: Apakah yang dimaksud dengan pembelajaran MURDER? Bagaimanakah pengaruh strategi pembelajaran MURDER terhadap hasil belajar siswa? Relasi Pendidikan Agama Kristen di antara Strategi Pembelajaran Mood, Understand, Recall, Digest, Expand, Review (MURDER)  dan Hasil Belajar Siswa?  Jawabanya: (1) pembelajaran MURDER adalah pembelajaran kooperatif dengan perpektif psikologi kognitif. (2) strategi pembelajaran MURDER mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap hasil belajar siswa karena proses belajar mengajar siswa dapat dievaluasi melalui aspek adalah: mood, understand, recall, digest, expand, dan review. (3) pembelajaran MURDER mempunyai pengaruh yang besar bagi hasil belajar siswa tetapi bila didasarkan dengan proses belajar mengajar dari nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Kristen maka hasilnya menjadi semakin maksimal.
MAKNA MENDIDIK ANAK DALAM MEMBERI PERSEMBAHAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SPIRITUALITAS ANAK USIA 5-7 TAHUN DI GEREJA KRISTEN PROTESTAN EKLESIA MENTAWAI
Authors: Lase. Erni
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Dalam artikel ini ditulis berdasarkan kejadian yang alamiah terjadi di dalam kehidupan anak Kristen.  Orang tua merupakan faktor utama pendidik atau pendorong anak dalam melakukan akitivas atau kegiatan salah satunya memberi persembahan, sebagai orang tua yang sudah paham akan arti dan makna memberi persembahan maka orang tua tersebut akan memberikan pemahaman yang baik kepada anak dalam memaknai arti memberi persembahan yang sesungguhnya. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membing anak ke yang lebih baik, meningkatkan kualitas spiritualitas anak,  memberi pemahaman makna memberi persembahan, peneliti melakukan penelitian ini di Gereja Kristen Protestan Eklesia Mentawai dimana anak sekolah minggu memberi persembahan tanpa mengerti arti dari memberi persembahan, tanggung jawab orang tua yaitu memberikan pendidikan yang baik  kepada anak seperti mengajarkan cara makan yang baik, berbicara yang baik, bertindak yang baik, dan khususnya memberikan persembahan yang baik juga. Jadi peran orang tua harus mampu mangajar dan mendidik anak ke hal-hal yang baik supaya spiritualitas anak dapat bertumbuh dengan baik dan mengerti arti persembahan hidup yang sesungguhnya.  Abstract: This article is written based on events that naturally occur in the life of Kirsten's children. Parents are the main factor for educators or encouraging children to carry out activities or activities, one of which is giving offerings, as parents who already understand the meaning and meaning of giving offerings, the parents will give a good understanding to children in interpreting the true meaning of giving offerings. In this study aimed at guiding children to be better, improving the quality of children's spirituality, providing an understanding of the meaning of giving offerings, researchers conducted this research at the Eklesia Mentawai Protestant Christian Church where Sunday school children gave offerings without understanding the meaning of giving offerings, the responsibility of parents namely giving good education to children such as teaching them how to eat well, speak well, act well, and especially give good offerings too. So the role of parents must be able to teach and educate children to good things so that children's spirituality can grow well and understand the true meaning of life offerings.
El evolucionismo en la ficción fantástica y en los orígenes de la ciencia-ficción rioplatense: Leopoldo Lugones y Horacio Quiroga
Authors: Suárez Hernán Carolina
Published: April 2023

El interés por el evolucionismo tiene manifestaciones relevantes en el Cono Sur a lo largo de las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras del XX. Darwin recorrió gran parte de la costa sudamericana a bordo del Beagle y sus observaciones más importantes proceden de los descubrimientos en territorio argentino. Tales hallazgos suscitaron el interés especial por su obra entre los intelectuales. La divulgación de la obra del científico generó una profunda huella en el área rioplatense que se muestra en la literatura. Este trabajo se centra en las ficciones que exploran el evolucionismo desde la ficción especulativa, en concreto desde lo fantástico y la incipiente ciencia ficción, en especial en las obras de Leopoldo Lugones y Horacio Quiroga, sin olvidar el precedente de Eduardo Ladislao Holmberg.
Un presente con futuro para la música del pasado (o la actualización del patrimonio musical)
Authors: Mestre Salvador
Published: April 2023

Existe tradicionalmente una preocupación especial sobre el acto interpretativo, su alcance y significación, en lo relativo a la expresión y difusión de un patrimonio musical desfasado genéticamente con el presente que, sin embargo, parece poseer una riqueza cultural prácticamente inagotable. Esto problematiza la figura del intérprete y su función como mediador entre el compositor y el oyente, entre una época pretérita y la actualidad, lo cual conlleva un factor temporal e histórico que debe implicar, por tanto, una relación activa, reflexiva y consciente entre el pasado y el presente. ¿Cuánto de eterno hay en lo viejo, cómo enfocar el hecho interpretativo para rescatar óptimamente del patrimonio musical histórico aquello que, siendo quizá intemporal, sigue resultando culturalmente enriquecedor para la espectacularizada sociedad globalizada actual? Sin embargo, ¿cómo escapar del peligro de convertirnos en meros «intérpretes de museo»? Es decir: ¿cómo salvar este abismo histórico y comunicar un mensaje del pasado de manera actual, valioso e interesante sin traicionar la intención comunicativa de la composición original? El uso intenso y, sobre todo, analítico y reflexivo de los nuevos recursos tecnológicos aplicados al tratamiento del sonido podría ser una vía óptima para conseguir este objetivo sobre el fundamento de un enfoque hermenéutico actualista.
Neorretórica en el siglo xx: la prerrogativa de Pozuelo Yvancos sobre un modelo de retórica textual
Authors: Martínez Zamora Encarnación
Published: April 2023

Este artículo plantea la necesidad actual de recuperar a la retórica como una herramienta clave para comprender mejor tanto a la literatura como a la sociedad. Para ello, se recurre a la propuesta de neorretórica que el profesor José María Pozuelo Yvancos desarrolló a finales del siglo pasado en su artículo Neorretórica y retórica general. Esta propuesta vincula consideraciones clásicas de la inventio, dispositio, elocutio, memoria y actio con aportaciones contemporáneas como las de Van Dijk, Tomás Albaladejo o García Berrio, que posibilitan una consideración del arsenal retórico de caracterización totalmente pragmática.
La creación de una archiva: Feminismos descoloniales en la obra testimonial de la Colectiva Editorial las Hermanas en la Sombra y las Rastreadoras de El Fuerte
Authors: Bell Lucy , Whitfield Joey
Published: April 2023

In a key work for literary studies, Myth and Archive (1990), González Echevarría demonstrates the fundamental presence of history, between myth and archive, in Latin American literature over the centuries. What he omits, however, is the role of female voices and writing in this narrative construction. In this article, we address the question of the relationship between literature, testimony and archive from a decolonial feminist perspective in order to investigate what the archive might mean for women in Latin America today. To approach the question of the archive in contemporary women's literary production, we focus on two Mexican collectives (connected through a collaborative project) whose work centres on the writing of imprisoned women and the search for their disappeared relatives, respectively: the Colectiva Editorial las Hermanas en la Sombra and the Rastreadoras de El Fuerte. Analysing three of their testimonial texts through two conceptual and practical frameworks – theories of testimony and the archive from Latin America, the United States and Europe, and decolonial feminist Latin American feminist theories-praxis – we offer a reconceptualisation of what we call the "archiva" (the feminine and feminist archive) founded on a communal, collective, subjective, affective, and bodily labour.

En una obra clave para los estudios literarios, Mito y archivo (1990), González Echevarría demuestra la presencia fundamental de la historia, entre el mito y el archivo, en la literatura latinoamericana a lo largo de los siglos. Lo que omite, sin embargo, es la voz y la escritura femenina en esta construcción narrativa. En este artículo, abordamos la cuestión de la relación entre literatura, testimonio y archivo desde una perspectiva feminista decolonial para investigar lo que puede significar el archivo para las mujeres en América Latina en el día de hoy. Para aproximarnos a la cuestión del archivo en la producción literaria femenil contemporánea, nos adentramos a dos colectivos mexicanos (conectados a través de un proyecto colaborativo) cuyo trabajo se centra en la escritura de mujeres encarceladas y en la búsqueda de sus familiares desaparecidos, respectivamente: la Colectiva Editorial las Hermanas en la Sombra y las Rastreadoras de El Fuerte. Analizando tres de sus textos testimoniales a través de dos marcos conceptuales y prácticos – teorías del testimonio y del archivo desde América Latina, Estados Unidos y Europa y teorías-praxis decoloniales feministas hispanoamericanas – ofrecemos una reconceptualización de lo que denominamos la “archiva” fundada en una labor comunitaria, colectiva, subjetiva, afectiva, y corporal.
Pierre Ménard: veinte buenas razones para dejar de leer
Authors: Castany Prado Bernat
Published: April 2023

Pierre Ménard: veinte buenas razones para dejar de leer
Poética de la ausencia en la obra lírica de Idea Vilariño
Authors: Carrión Gabriel
Published: April 2023

The aim of this pages is to outline the poetic work of one of the most eminent female voices of Uruguayan literature in the last century: Idea Vilariño. We will delve into some issues related with her literary work and establish a hypothesis that allows us to go through her poetic work. We will delve into her poetics by developing a concept that we have decided to call "poetics of absence", defined as the expression of absence in different degrees. This particular form of poeticising is made effective through different mechanisms, thanks to which we will also be able to determine a series of zones or stages within her poetry in the light of our hypothesis.

A lo largo de estas páginas vamos a tratar de poner en valor la obra poética de una de las más eminentes voces femeninas de la literatura uruguaya del siglo pasado: Idea Vilariño. Vamos a ahondar en una serie de cuestiones relacionadas con su obra literaria y plantear una hipótesis que nos permita recorrer toda su producción poética. Ahondaremos dentro de su poética desarrollando un concepto que hemos decidido denominar “poética de la ausencia”, definido como la expresión de la ausencia en distintos grados. Esta forma particular de poetizar se hace efectiva mediante distintos mecanismos. Gracias a estos mecanismos también podremos determinar una serie de zonas o etapas dentro de su poesía a la luz de nuestra hipótesis.
Multiple Choice Questions Versus Very Short Answered Questions in the Evaluation of Students of Veterinary Pathology
Authors: Radad Khaled , Taha Mokhtar , Rausch Wolf-Dieter
Published: April 2023

Background: Well-developed assessment methods have a positive impact on students’ performance, and higher education institutes are usually encouraged to establish and use effective assessment methods that effectively enhance the learning process. Objectives: This study was designed to compare students’ performance in multiple choice questions (MCQs) including best single answer (BSA) and multiple true and false (MTF) types, and very short answer (VSA) questions, and to evaluate gender differences and feedback from students and faculty. Materials and methods: A test containing three different types of questions, BSA, MTF and VSA questions (10 each), was delivered to eight groups of veterinary pathology students (3rd level, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt) in April 2022. Students’ performance, test reliability and gender differences as well as feedback from students and faculty were evaluated. Results: Students did a significant higher performance in BSA and MTF questions compared to VSA questions. The reliability of BSA, MTF and VSA questions between different groups of students were 0.53, 0.52 and 0.13, respectively. Girl students achieved a higher performance in the whole test compared to boy students. Both boy and girl students showed nearly similar performance in BSA and MTF questions. However, girl students got significant higher score in VSA questions compared to boy students. Students’ and faculty opinions were in favor of BSA and MTF questions. Conclusion: Students did much better in MCQs than VSA questions. BSA and MTF questions are preferentially favored by students and faculty.
El cambio climático en las Facultades de Medicina
Authors: García-Estañ López Joaquín
Published: April 2023

According to recent studies, the majority of the Spanish population believes that climate change (CC) is real and identifies it as something negative. CC is not only one of the transcendental environmental challenges that humanity faces on a global scale, but also influences many sectors, reaching its maximum exponent in the area of health.

Según recientes trabajos, la mayoría de la población española cree que el cambio climático (CC) es real y lo identifican como algo negativo. El CC no es sólo uno de los retos ambientales trascendentales a los que se enfrenta la humanidad a escala global, sino que influye sobre muchos sectores, alcanzando su máximo exponente en el área de la salud.
Prevalence of group A streptococcal carriage in school children from Cape Town: A cross- sectional study and systematic review
Authors: Engel M E , Moloi H A , Abdullahi L , Nkepu S , Muhamed B , Barth D D , Whitelaw A , Dale J B , Mayosi B M
Published: April 2023

Background. Asymptomatic children can be a major reservoir of pharyngeal group A streptococcus (GAS). The role of GAS carriage causing subsequent infections resulting in the manifestation of clinical symptoms, or being associated with transmission to uninfected individuals, is not entirely clear. Furthermore, data on GAS carriage from countries in Africa remain scant with only a few studies reporting carriage.

Objectives. We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic pharyngeal carriage of group A streptococci in school children in Cape Town. We considered our results in the context of a meta-analysis of data of GAS carriage in Africa.

Methods. We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study from 2009 to 2011 in two Cape Town peri-urban communities, enrolling 950 healthy learners. Pharyngeal swabs were obtained from learners and processed at the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) microbiology laboratory at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. Thereafter, we conducted a systematic review through a comprehensive literature search among several sources. Prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using a random-effects meta-analysis model.

Results. GAS was isolated from 31 participants corresponding to a carrier rate of 3% (95% CI 2% - 4%). Combining our results with 18 other studies revealed a pooled prevalence of 9% (95% CI 6% - 11%). Regional pooled rates were similar across southern, eastern and northern Africa, of between 9% (95% CI 6% - 11%) and 11% (95% CI 4% - 21%) while countries within Central Africa had a pooled estimate of 7% (95% CI 5% - 9%). Western Africa had the lowest pooled estimate of 2% (95% CI 1% - 2%).

Conclusion. There was a relatively low rate of carriage of GAS in asymptomatic school children residing in South Africa. Pooled prevalence rates revealed regional differences across the African continent as regards the rate of GAS carriage, with the western and northern African regions having rates of GAS carriage that were lower and higher respectively than those of East, Central and southern African countries, which demonstrated similar rates of carriage.
Collaborative caching discovery management in mobile ad hoc networks environments
Authors: Alshahrani Hussain , Ahmed Elfaki Mohamed , Ibrahim Hamidah , Ali Nawfal
Published: April 2023

Accessing distant data items in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) environments pose a huge challenge due to mobility and resource constraints. A number of research studies have been developed to enhance data accessibility and decrease the number of pending queries. A collaborative caching technique is considered as an efficient mechanism to increase data accessibility and decrease the latency which in turn reduces the pending queries. However, the processing queries that based on their classifications along with distributed indexing have not been tackled in previous works to reduce the number of pending queries and increase the number of replied queries. A collaborative caching discovery which based on service providers (CCD) is proposed in this article, which process requests depending on their status either priority or normal. This ensures that the number of pending queries is reduced with minimum cache discovery overhead. The results of the experiment reveal that the proposed strategy increased collaborative caching discovery efficiency and outperformed the cooperative and adaptive system (COACS) in terms of increasing the number of replied queries and reduction of the pending queries by 24.21 percent.
Evaluation of Human Leukocyte Antigen-B27 Expression in Patients with Spondylopathy/ Spondylitis by Flowcytometry
Authors: Saxena Deepali , Arora Pankaj , Acharya Seema , Ahuja Sana
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The role of immune mediated injury in pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is well established. HLA B27, a Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecule is one of the major genetic risk factors associated with the disease. Various techniques are used for testing HLA-B27 which includes Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based tests, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and flowcytometry. Flowcytometry has gained popularity due to ease of procedure, shortened turnaround time and costeffectiveness. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of flowcytometry for HLA-B27 detection, taking PCR assay as the gold standard along with its association with demographic, clinicopathological and radiological parameters. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in Department at Pathology of Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, India, for a period of 18 months from January 2020 to June 2021. The study included 51 patients for which HLA-B27 typing was done cases by flowcytometry and Sequence Specific Allele (SSA) PCR/ Real time PCR on peripheral blood samples. The association of HLA-B27 with clinical features {Inflammatory Back Pain (IBP), arthritis, psoriasis, uveitis, dactylitis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), cervicitis, urethritis, diarrhoea) along with MRI findings (sacroiliitis)}, laboratory findings {C-reactive protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)} was evaluated. The performance analysis parameters of flowcytometry were evaluated both by excluding and including the cases in grey zone taking PCR as gold standard. Statistical testing was conducted with SPSS 20.0. Chi-square test or Fisher’s-exact test were used and a p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: A significant association of HLA-B27 was seen only with IBP (p-value= 0.001) and sacroiliitis (p-value= 0.03). Of the 22 (43.1%) patients positive for HLA-B27 by PCR, 18(81.8%) patients were positive while the remaining 4(18.1%) were in grey zone by flowcytometry. Of the 29(56.9%) patients testing negative by PCR, 27(93.1%) patients were negative, one (3.4%) was in grey zone and one (3.4%- false positive) tested positive for HLA-B27 by flowcytometry. Sensitivity and specificity of flowcytometry for detection of HLA-B27 was found to be 100% and 96.4% respectively when grey zone cases were excluded. Conclusion: The study brings to light that flowcytometry is a fairly specific and sensitive method for HLA-B27 detection with a high Negative Predictive Value (NPV) (100%) and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) (94.7%). In the COVID-19 era, it reiterates the importance of flowcytometry for HLA-B27 especially when PCR is overburdened.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kola Kondala Rao , Pusarla Mounica , Kurudamannil Hitesh Cheran , Sayyapureddi Bandhavi
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD) is associated with inflammatory and/or fibrotic changes in the lungs. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a complication of many end-stage lung diseases due to the re-modelling of pulmonary vasculature associated with hypoxia leading to pulmonary vascular resistance. The Association of PAH in ILD contributes significantly to high morbidity and mortality. ILD being a progressive disease it is difficult to predict when the PAH will set in. Aim: To assess the clinical and radiological profiles of patients with ILD and to associate these with the severity of PAH. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine at GSL Medical College on 23 patients with ILD from 1st October 2019 to 31st august 2021, in GSL medical college and hospital, Andhra Pradesh. Each patient was subjected to chest X-ray (CXR), Electrocardiogram (ECG), and 2-Dimensional Echocardiogram (2D ECHO). Evidence of PAH in any one investigation was considered. In ECG reports evidence of right ventricular enlargement (R>S in V1/V2 and right axis deviation >110 degrees, R=11 mm) was considered as PAH. CXR showing dilatation of the pulmonary artery with an increased cardiothoracic ratio was considered as PAH. A 2-D ECHO was performed to estimate the right arterial pressure and evidence of pulmonary arterial systemic pressure of >40 mmHg was considered as PAH. All the data were statistically analysed by using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: Fifty-two percent of the population constituted females, and the mean age of the whole population was 59.7±14.4 years and the majority of them (65%) belonged to upper lower socioeconomic class. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP) was the most common pattern observed accounting for 57%. Prevalence of PAH was 65% and a longer duration of symptoms, 57% of the population had grade 3 of Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) and 52.17% covered less than 200 meters in the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Oxygen desaturation after 6MWT was observed to be the contributing factor for the development of severe pulmonary hypertension in ILD patients. Conclusion: Factors like delayed seeking of medical care, co-morbidity like hypertension, higher grades of dyspnoea at the time of presentation, shorter 6MWD, and post-walk oxygen saturation were found to be predictors of pulmonary artery hypertension in patients with ILD. Early recognition of these risk factors in patients with ILD and the prompt treatment of the disease can reduce the development of severe PAH.
Granulomatous Mastitis Masquerading as Breast Neoplasms- An Enigmatic Series of 14 Cases
Authors: Mandal Meghadipa , Chowdhury Anadi Roy
Published: April 2023

Granulomatous Mastitis (GM) is a rare entity encountered in day-to-day practice. Aetiologies range from infections like tuberculosis, lactation, certain medications to being idiopathic. Clinical and radiological pictures in these cases often mimic breast carcinoma that poses diagnostic dilemmas to the treating physician. However, sometimes they may be asymptomatic. Definitive diagnosis is made using cytology followed by histomorphology by demonstration of granulomas, which are collections of histiocytes along with giant cells and inflammatory cells. Ancillary studies like Ziehl-neelsen (ZN) stain, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain, Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) are used to detect or rule out certain aetiologies of granulomatous inflammation. Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is mainly a diagnosis of exclusion, where all the possible aetiologies have been ruled out by detailed history and investigations. Treatment approaches are mainly conservative, depending on the cause or may be anti-inflammatory and steroids in case of IGM. Appropriate and timed diagnosis of such cases is essential to prevent over diagnosis of carcinoma and unnecessary mastectomies. This is a series of 14 such cases which were diagnosed using cytology or histology and ancillary tools. They belonged to four categories (namely-Tuberculous mastitis, IGM, Post-chemotherapy GM and sarcoid granuloma of breast). Tuberculous cases shared majority of the series, whereas, sarcoid granuloma was a single isolated entity. All these cases presented with lump in breast with other associated presentations. Immediate tissue diagnosis helped in ruling out malignancy and adopting a conservative approach for management.
Community Resources in Social Studies Education: The Case of Tamale College of Education, Northern Region of Ghana
Authors: Segkulu Lucy
Published: April 2023

The study sought the level of use of community resources in Senior High School (SHS) within Tamale Metropolis of the Northern Region of Ghana. The explanatory survey research method was adopted to assess the phenomenon of community resource use during Social Studies lessons from the perspectives of SHS Social Studies teachers within the metropolis. The study adopted quantitative methodology in which a sample of 40 Social Studies teachers was selected for the study using purposive sampling technique. Community Resource Use (CRU) questionnaires comprising closed-ended items, were used in generating data from the respondents. The quantitative data obtained were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Findings of the study showed that even though SHS Social Studies teachers within the Tamale Metropolis perceive the importance of community resources for effective teaching of the subject, the usage of the resources was relatively low. Hence the study recommended that effort should be made by all the stakeholders especially Ghana Education Service (GES) and teachers involved in the Social Studies curriculum implementation to promote the regular use of community resources for effective teaching and learning of Social Studies in SHS within the Metropolis.
Factors Affecting the Secondary School Students’ Attitude towards Learning English Language: A Case of a Higher Secondary School in Southern Bhutan
Authors: Sonam Sangay , Daker Sonam , Wangmo Kesang , Choden Sonam
Published: April 2023

This study explored the factors affecting higher secondary school students’ attitudes toward learning English as a second language in southern Bhutan. The study intended to investigate factors affecting the attitudes of Bhutanese secondary students towards learning English as the researcher could not locate any studies done by Bhutanese in Bhutan. The study is conducted to identify the factors that influence the attitudes of secondary school students toward English learning and their performance in English. The study employed the convergent parallel mixed-methods design guided by a pragmatic paradigm. The quantitative data consists of randomly administered questionnaires to 302 students from class IX to XII. The qualitative data was collected through focus group students and semi-structured interview teachers. The study employed simple descriptive and inferential statistical analysis for quantitative data and thematic analysis (Braun & Clark, 2018) for qualitative analysis. The findings indicated that secondary school students possess both positive and negative attitudes toward learning English as a second language. Further, the finding indicated that educational factors such as the classroom environment and classroom teaching-learning strategies are found to have influences on students' attitudes towards learning English. The finding also revealed that the authentic and appropriate textbooks and the use of interesting varieties of teaching-learning materials by teachers affect the attitudes of students towards learning English. The home and community environment such as parental support and the opportunities to speak English in the community are also found to have an impact on student's attitudes toward learning English. The finding implies that a positive attitude towards the English language enhances language learning and negative attitude detriments the learning process.

The study recommends the school and the teachers create a comfortable and conducive classroom environment and implement appropriate teaching-learning strategies and materials to enhance the positive attitude of students toward learning English as a second language. The study also recommends parents and the community support and encourage the use of English to enhance students' positive attitudes toward learning English.
Hematological and Cardiac Marker Values of Adult Male Wistar Rats Administered a Combination of Common Antimalarial Drugs and Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Okwakpam F. N. , Azuonwu O. , Omeodu S. I. , Atako D. H.
Published: April 2023

This work investigated the possible effects of the administration of artemether-lumefantrine Ciprofloxacin, and their combinations on haematological parameters and cardiac biomarkers of adult male Wistar rats. A total of 20 rats were used for this study, the rats were divided into four groups of five rats each. Animals in group 1 served as control (distilled water), and Group 2 rats received 20/120g/kg body weight of artemether-lumefantrine. Group 3 rats received 125mg/kg body weight of ciprofloxacin. Group 4 took a combination of 20/120g/kg body weight of artemether-lumefantrine and 125mg/kg body weight of ciprofloxacin. The drugs were administered orally for 14 days. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples and heart tissues were collected for biochemical analysis. The results of this study showed that there was no significant (p<0.05) alteration in relative heart weight in all the test groups when compared to the control (group 1). However, the serum level of troponin, myoglobin and creatinine-kinase MB were significantly (p<0.05) elevated in group 4 animals treated with a combination of artemether-lumefantrine plus ciprofloxacin (group 4 when compared to control (group 1). The haematological results also showed that there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the plasma level of PCV, HB, RBC and WBC in group 4 animals when compared to control (group 1). The histological heart examination showed no pathological changes. However, changes in haematological indices and serum activities of diagnostic proteins of cardiac origin should be taken into account.
Proximate and Mineral Composition of Some Foreign and Local Rice Varieties Sold in Mile 3 Market, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nda-Wonodi W. , Ibiama B. G. , Agubolom B. , Ologbon T.
Published: April 2023

Rice is a staple food in many countries of Africa and it is nutritionally beneficial. This research work compared the proximate composition and mineral composition of some local and foreign rice varieties. Four varieties of rice were analyzed; two types of local rice designated as (L1 and L2) and two types of foreign rice (F1 and F2). The proximate composition such as moisture content, ash content, carbohydrate content, crude protein, crude fiber and total fat were evaluated using standard methods.  The result of the analysis showed that the moisture content was lowest in L1 (8.56 ± 0.26g) and highest in sample L2 (9.47 ± 0.48g).  All the four varieties recorded high carbohydrate content. The fat content of L1 and L2 (1.19±0.20 - 2.48±0.90) were significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared to F1 and F2 (1.69±0.30 – 1.99± 0.20a). Crude fiber content for L1 and L2 (1.49±0.09 -1.69±0.09) were statistically higher compared to F1 and F2 (0.29±0.09b -0.39±0.01b). Crude protein for L1 and L2 (7.89±0.09 – 8.09±0.22) were significantly higher when compared to F1 and F2 (6.34± 0.22b – 7.22± 0.66). Ash content for L1 and L2 (0.60± 0.01-0.68±0.32) were statistically   lower compared to F1 and F2 (0.62±0.08 – 1.20± 0.20) Potassium and Zinc showed no significant difference in all samples apart from F1 where Potassium and Zinc were significantly different. Calcium values for foreign rice showed significant difference when compared to the values for local rice. Local rice appeared to have a relatively higher level of iron when compared to all the foreign rice samples. The values obtained from this study indicates that Nigerian local rice varieties are nutritionally better compared to foreign rice varieties.
Farmers’ Perception on Tuber Crop Production Technology in Manipur, India
Authors: Nath Dipak , Gohain Ingita , Kumar Ashok
Published: April 2023

Tuber crop cultivation contributes positively to the economic empowerment of the poor people and generally preferred by the tribal people. The study was conducted in the hill districts, viz., Senapati, Tamenglong, Chandel, Churachandpur and Ukhrul districts of Manipur to understand the farmers perception on tuber crop mainly Elephant Foot Yam, Colocasia, Dioscoria and Casava production technology with 110 randomly selected respondents. Data collection was done through personal interview with structure schedule and was analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage and rank. The study revealed that perception of famers on tuber crop germination rate is 67 percent followed by weed management (48%), after care (58%) and cost of cultivation (55%) is as usual as other crop production technology whereas 78 percent of the respondents revealed that there is no difference between tuber crop and other crop production technology for overall rating. The respondents reported that water management (65%), nutrient management (64%), disease incidence rate (58%), pest infestation rate (61%) and labour requirement (68%) are less as compared to other crop production technology.
Environmental Taxation and Green Economics in Southeast Asia
Authors: Sulisnaningrum Ema , Mutmainah Siti , Priyanto Eddy , Chapuzet Amaury Capdeville
Published: April 2023

This research aims to simulate models of taxes across Southeast Asia by inserting var models such as environment and gasoline fees. This study is for getting the idea that Southeast Asia imposes an environmental fee based on a regression model derived from Southeast Asia's energy consumption and CO2 emissions adjusted by a 10% additional tax (as a dummy variable). This study was motivated by the European Union's policy suggestions on environmental fees, which could be implemented by Southeast Asia. The log-t methods are used in this study, which allows clustering by countries into additional clubs or convergence groupings, and also for utilizing the test for converging within some panel’s states taking into account the variable’s panel data. We believe that environmental fees are an essential public policy tool in Southeast Asia for reducing CO2 emissions as well as the effects on pollutants. Gas tax or carbon pollution tax upon the energy and transportation industries have a substantial influence on raising tax collections in addition to economic expansion within Southeast Asia. Power tax could help to fund initiatives that utilize ecologically good energy while limiting the prohibiting the utilization of natural gas or eco-friendly power. In the transportation industry, the environmental taxes’ function is to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide caused as a result of less environmentally friendly public transport, as well as to support eco-friendly transport.
Can the Reclassification of Other Comprehensive Income Narrow the Opportunities for Creative Accounting: Earnings Management and Income Smoothing?
Authors: Kusuma Marhaendra
Published: April 2023

So far, research in Indonesia examines that the factors that influence creative accounting are the application of Good Corporate Governance, leverage, company size, and political connections, while research on the effect of other comprehensive income (OCI) as a result of the application of fair value accounting has not been widely carried out. This study finds evidence that aggregate OCI accumulation does not affect earnings management and income smoothing. However, testing on group OCI items that will be reclassified to net income has a negative effect. Asset realization commitment increases the negative effect of OCI on earnings management and income smoothing. Creative accounting through OCI can be done through a policy of delaying the realization time and or reducing the real amount of assets realized to get the net profit value according to the interests of management and the subjectivity of deter­mining the fair value of assets and liabilities.