bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DE USABILIDADE PARA APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PRODUTOS TANGÍVEIS: METODOLOGIA E RESULTADOS
Authors: Katia Broeto Miller  , Arthur Carvalho de Araújo  , Jacqueline Rogéria Bringhenti  , Emilly Victória Silva Sousa  , Beatriz Torezani Sacramento
Published: December 2024

A avaliação de usabilidade é uma ferramenta que permite a participação direta do usuário no desenvolvimento de novos produtos ou no seu aperfeiçoamento. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as etapas metodológicas da avaliação de usabilidade com foco no aperfeiçoamento de produtos tangíveis e os resultados de sua aplicação em uma composteira doméstica, passando pela avaliação e pesquisa de soluções análogas e similares. Utilizaram-se os seguintes passos metodológicos: avaliação, análise, consolidação, codificação, ponderação, hierarquização e levantamento de soluções análogas e similares nas bases de patentes e literatura. Os problemas mais graves identifi cados na avaliação relacionam-se a encaixes e montagem, coletor/funil e falta de informação na operação. Conclui-se que essa metodologia permite identificar, elencar de forma hierarquizada e buscar soluções focadas nos problemas mais graves, e sua aplicação em outros contextos pode ajudar a aperfeiçoar o método.
Monumento Nacional ao Imigrante Brasileiro: história, turismo e conflitos em Caxias do Sul-RS, Brasil
Authors: Gastal Susana , Rosana Peccini
Published: December 2024

O Monumento Nacional ao Imigrante Brasileiro, de autoria do escultor Antônio Caringi, foi inaugurado em 1954, em localização que lhe confere visibilidade urbana e turística na cidade de Caxias do Sul (RS), Brasil. Os processos que envolveram sua concepção e instalação, entretanto, ainda carecem de registros acadêmicos mais consistentes. O presente artigo objetiva compreender o contexto histórico, social e político que acompanhou a sua concepção, execução e instalação, assim como a sua incorporação como atrativo turístico na referida cidade. A metodologia é qualitativa descritiva com pesquisa documental em jornais da época, aqui resgatados como fontes primárias, e outros documentos acessados no Banco de Memória do Arquivo Histórico Municipal João Spadari Adami, localizado no mesmo município. Os resultados indicam que a instalação do monumento não foi pacífica, mas acompanhada por polêmicas e que, na atualidade, ele estaria subaproveitado tanto para o turismo como para outras práticas museológicas.
In vitro Bioassay and In silico Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Xanthium
strumarium Plant Extract as Possible Acaricidal Agent
Authors: Amin Nabi , Wu Chia-Hung , Malak Nosheen , Khan Afshan , Ullah Shakir , Ahmad Imtiaz , Khan Muazzam Ali , Naveed Muhammad , Ullah Zakir , Naz Saira , Khan Adil , Chen Chien-Chin
Published: December 2024

Background:

Effective management strategies against tick infestations are necessary because tickborne
diseases represent serious hazards to the health of humans and animals worldwide. The aim of this
study was to examine the larvicidal and ovicidal properties of Xanthium strumarium extract against a notorious
tick species, Rhipicephalus microplus.

Methodology:

The maceration method was used to prepare the ethanolic extract of X. strumarium. The extract
was then used in an adult immersion test (AIT) and larval packet test (LPT) to asses the plant's toxicity. To
elucidate the mode of action, molecular modeling and docking studies were conducted. ADMET analysis was
then carried out to find out the drug-likeness profiles of the plant phytochemicals.

Results:

Significant death rates and egg inhibition were found at different extract doses using the larval packet
test (LPT) and adult immersion test (AIT). A concentration-dependent impact was observed at a concentration
of 40 mg/mL, which resulted in the maximum larval mortality (92 ± 2.646) and egg inhibition (77.057 ±
2.186). Additionally, the potency of the extract against R. microplus was determined by calculating its fatal
concentrations (LC50, LC90, and LC99). A three-dimensional model of the R. microplus octopamine receptor
was created, and docking studies showed that the receptor and possible ligands, most notably Xanthatin and
Xanthosin, interacted well. The potential of compounds as tick control agents was highlighted by their pharmacokinetic
characteristics and toxicity profiles, as revealed by drug-likeness and ADMET studies. Molecular
dynamic simulations further demonstrated the stability of the protein-ligand complex, indicating the consistent
association between the ligand and the target protein.

Conclusion:

Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential use of X. strumarium extract and
its compounds as larvicidal and ovicidal agents against R. microplus, paving the way for further research on
tick control strategies.
PARP1 Inhibitors: An Important Part in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Gowramma Byran , Mandal Subhranil , Laksmanan Kaviarasan , R S Silpa , Arun Sowmiya , Rajagopal Kalirajan , Stanley Vinethmartin Jacob
Published: December 2024

Cancer is a highly fatal disease that is typified by aberrant cells proliferating out of
control. The properties of acquired cells, including as genomic instability and mutations, cellular
death evasion, and proliferative signaling sustenance, are evidenced by the hallmarks of cancer
and contribute to the establishment of malignant tumors. A protein called poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-
1 (PARP1) is essential for both cell survival and DNA damage repair, two processes that
affect cellular control. Since homologous recombination deficient cells exhibit cellular death upon
suppression of PARP1, the PARP protein has gained attention as a potential target for anticancer
treatments. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has already approved a number of
effective PARP1 inhibitors, including olaparib and niraparib. The final chemical has a 1,3,4-
thiadiazole core in its structure. In fact, heterocyclic moieties have gained attention due to their
numerous medicinal advantages, which include their capacity to combat cancer. The compounds
derived from these substances have been studied as PARP1 inhibitors, with promising results.
Thus, the goal of this study is to go over the importance of PARP1 in cancer as well as its role in
cell regulation. It also attempts to offer a comprehensive assessment of the literature that has been
published in the previous fifteen years about PARP1 inhibitors, including the different scaffolds,
with an emphasis on features of the structure-activity relationship. This will provide vital information
for the creation of fresh, more effective PARP1 inhibitors.
Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Betaine against Parkinson’s Disease Rat Model
Authors: Kaur Satinder , Khurrana Navneet , Hussain Md Sadique , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Gurvinder , Dhawan Ravi Kumar , Bhat Mudasir Maqbool , Sharma Neha
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

This study aimed at evaluating the neuropharmacological impacts of
betaine, a natural compound known for its antioxidant properties, in a rat model of Parkinson’s
disease induced by rotenone.

Method:

Male Wistar rats were separated into various groups and administered betaine at two
different doses (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg orally), in addition to rotenone (2 mg/kg subcutaneously),
for 35 days.

Result:

Various parameters were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of betaine. After receiving
rotenone, the subjects displayed various behavioral alterations such as catalepsy, delayed
beam walk, postural instability, unusual movement patterns, reduced weight, altered rearing behavior,
impaired muscle coordination, decreased locomotor activity, and weakened grip strength.
Interestingly, these effects were notably alleviated when betaine was given alongside. Betaine
demonstrated a reduction in rotenone-induced oxidative stress by lowering levels of thiobarbituric
acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide anion generation (SAG), while increasing levels
of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) in the cerebrum and midbrain regions. Moreover,
betaine helped alleviate the reduction in dopamine (DA) levels caused by rotenone-induced neurodegeneration.
In general, the protective impact of betaine against rotenone-induced PD symptoms
outperformed the typical treatment with Levodopa+Carbidopa (L+C), especially at the
higher dosage of 20 mg/kg.

Conclusion:

These results indicate that betaine shows potential as a therapeutic option for PD
because of its antioxidant properties.
Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivities of the Solvent Fractions Derived from a Marine Clam Anadara compacta
Authors: Simora Rhoda Mae C. , Monaya Karmelie Jane M.
Published: December 2024

Background:

The marine clam Anadara compacta is a common bivalve mollusk found
in many coastal regions in the Philippines but is underutilized despite its nutritional value. The
study aimed to determine the bioactive potential of A. compacta for its optimum utilization as a
promising novel source of metabolites with pharmaceutical potential.

Methods:

The proposed approach in the profiling of metabolites included solvent extraction, fractionation
by C18 column chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)-
guided profiling of the active fractions. Biological investigations comprised cytotoxicity,
antibacterial and antioxidant activity assessments.

Results:

The methanol solvent fractions obtained from the water layer of A. compacta contained
various chemical constituents namely alkaloids, terpenoids, linear and cyclic peptides, cytotoxic
macrolides, among others based on LC-MS analysis. The 100% methanol fraction showed the
highest inhibitory effect against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells among other fractions with an
IC50 value of 118.57 ± 0.14 μg/mL. Moreover, the fractions also inhibited the growth of Grampositive
and Gram-negative bacterial strains tested and showed strong antioxidant potential as a 2,
2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger.

Conclusion:

Our findings demonstrated the effectiveness and complementary nature of LC-MS
metabolites profiling in conjunction with bioassays for the identification of bioactive constituents
in the marine clam A. compacta. The bioactive fractions from A. compacta may be utilized as
useful ingredients for developing pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
PF4 Silencing Promotes Trophoblast Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and EMT by Regulating SOCS3/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cao Hui , Li Ranran , Ling Li , Ni Guantai
Published: December 2024

Background:

Recurrent Miscarriage (RM) is a chronic and heterogeneous autoimmune
disease. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of RM.

Objective:

We aimed to explore the role and mechanism of PF4 on trophoblasts in RM in vitro.

Methods:

In this study, the expression of PF4 and PF4 receptor CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3)
in the placentas of patients with RM were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting.
Serum PF4 level was tested by ELISA. Following PF4 silencing and SOCS3 overexpression in
HTR-8/SVneo cells, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8, colony formation, and EDU assays.
Wound healing and transwell assays separately evaluated cell migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence
assay determined E-cadherin expression. Tube formation assay was used to
measure the angiogenesis. Western blotting examined the expression of metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal
transition (EMT) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3)/signal transducer and
activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling-associated proteins.

Results:

The results revealed that PF4 displayed increased expression in placental villus tissues of
RM patients. Serum PF4 level was also elevated in RM patients. PF4 silencing promoted the proliferation,
migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Additionally, PF4
knockdown downregulated SOCS3 expression to activate STAT3 signaling. SOCS3 overexpression
countervailed the effects of PF4 deficiency on HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Conclusion:

In summary, PF4 participated in the proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and angiogenesis
of trophoblast cells by modulating the SOCS3/STAT3 signaling pathway, indicating
that targeting the PF4/SOCS3/STAT3 pathway could be a novel therapy for RM.
Recent Patents on Rolling Bearing Cage
Authors: Pan Chengyi , Li Shuhao , Zhang Jingren
Published: December 2024

Background:

Rolling bearing is a critical component of mechanical systems, and its
cage design significantly impacts operational performance. Research into cage design facilitates
enhanced precision, stability, and longevity of rolling bearings. Due to the numerous external factors
(vibration, friction, lubrication) and internal factors (strength, material) that influence the
cage, along with the challenges posed by various operational conditions (high speed, heavy load,
precision, special environments), innovative patents have emerged in recent years. By developing
new structures and material compositions for the cage, many operational issues encountered in
rolling bearings have been effectively addressed.

Objective:

Through a review of the latest research on rolling bearing cages, it has been identified
that cages are affected by various factors and operating conditions during the operation of rolling
bearings. Different influencing factors and working conditions necessitate varying design requirements
for cages. An analysis of these differing design requirements, including their advantages
and disadvantages, has been conducted to provide valuable insights for scholars and engineers.

Method:

A review of representative patents on rolling bearing cages from recent years has been
conducted, focusing on influencing factors and operational conditions. Influencing factors encompass
external aspects such as vibration, friction, and lubrication, as well as internal factors like
strength and material properties. Operational conditions include high-speed, heavy-load, precision
applications and various special environments. Through a method of categorized discussion, the
current state of research on rolling bearing cages has been presented. Problems identified in current
cage designs have been highlighted, providing direction for future advancements and developments
in cage technology.

Results:

By comparing patents related to rolling bearing cages under different influencing factors
and operating conditions, the main design issues currently faced by rolling bearing cages have
been summarized and analyzed. The analysis has led to the identification of primary problems in
the design of these cages. Based on these insights, future development directions for rolling bearing
cages have been proposed.

Conclusion:

Through the selection of high-quality materials and innovative structural design, the
vibration resistance, friction resistance, and lubrication performance of rolling bearing cages can
be enhanced. Furthermore, while ensuring the strength of internal components, the load capacity
and lifespan of the bearings can be improved. Structural optimization enables the cages to perform
significantly better under various special operating conditions and ensures they maintain excellent
stability and durability across different work scenarios. These innovative patents provide practical
methods for addressing current design issues of rolling bearing cages and offer new ideas for optimizing
their design in the future.
A Review of Rolling Bearing Vibration Signal Processing Methods
Authors: Pan Chengyi , Zhang Jingren , Li Shuhao
Published: December 2024

In modern industry, bearings are critical components in mechanical equipment, responsible
for supporting and transmitting rotational motion. However, due to prolonged operation and
various environmental factors, bearings are prone to wear, cracks, loosening, and other failures. If
these faults are not detected and addressed in a timely manner, they can lead to equipment shutdowns,
production interruptions, and even severe accidents. Therefore, to monitor and diagnose
the operational state of bearings promptly, vibration signals have become a crucial source of information.
By collecting and analyzing vibration signals, it is possible to detect abnormal conditions
in bearings early on, allowing for appropriate maintenance measures to be taken and providing significant
support for the preventive maintenance of equipment.
The purpose of this patent paper is to provide a reference for relevant scholars and researchers in
rolling bearing field. The various vibration signal processing methods of rolling bearings had been
analyzed in detail. The problems of the existing methods had been summarized, and the future research
directions had been proposed.
This essay reviews the literature on rolling bearing vibration signal processing methods in recent
years, explains the principle of rolling bearing vibration signal processing methods, and analyzes
the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
By searching the relevant literature and patents of rolling bearing vibration signal processing methods,
the problems existing in developing vibration signal processing methods are summarized, and
the future development direction is put forward.
Rolling bearing vibration signal processing not only improves the accuracy of fault diagnosis but
also enhances the prediction ability of rolling bearing performance, so as to provide technical support
for fault prevention and predictive maintenance in advance.
Advancements in Antimicrobial Biomaterials: New Avenues to Ameliorate Wound Infections and Implant-associated Infections
Authors: Mukherjee Sudip , Patra Dipanjana , Maity Subhankar , Haldar Jayanta
Published: December 2024

The field of public healthcare has witnessed a transformative shift with the introduction of synthetic biomaterials and biomedical implants, aiming
to enhance the interaction between living systems and therapeutic interventions. Despite these advancements, a significant challenge has emerged
in the form of microbial colonization and biofilm formation on these materials, leading to an alarming rise in multidrug-resistant infections and
subsequent implant rejections. In this review, we present recent breakthroughs in the development of anti-infective biomaterials designed to
address wound infections and prevent infections associated with implants. We present various approaches for incorporating antimicrobial
properties into diverse wound healing biomaterials such as hydrogels and hemostatic sponges, through covalent and non-covalent modifications or
both. Additionally, to counter microbial colonization, we explore different surface modification strategies applied to titanium and catheter implants
via covalent grafting as well as physical encapsulation of antibiotics, small molecular biocides, inorganic biocides and antimicrobial peptides.
These coatings not only exhibit bacteria-killing capabilities upon contact but also effectively reduce biofilm formation, thereby prolonging the
lifespan of implants and devices. Providing an overview of anti-infective biomaterials in clinical pipelines, we discuss the significant challenges
hindering the clinical translation of these biomaterials. Finally, we share our perspective on overcoming these obstacles for the successful
integration of anti-infective biomaterials into mainstream healthcare practices.
In-silico Approaches for Investigation of the Natural Therapeutic Agents for Human Papillomavirus: Computer-aided Drug Design Perspective
Authors: Boora Sanjit , Wadhwa Sapna , Kaushik Sulochana , Vats Vatsla , Kaushik Samander
Published: December 2024

Background:

Human papillomavirus infection, a prevalent global sexually trans-mitted disease, is linked to various malignancies like cervical cancer, head-and-neck squa-mous cell carcinoma, and anal cancer. Researchers are actively exploring phytoconstituents from medicinal plants.

Objective:

This in-silico study aims to assess the anti-human papillomavirus capabilities of phytochemical compounds sourced from Ocimum sanctum, Curcuma longa, Nyctanthes ar-bor-tristis, Zingiber officinale, Andrographis paniculata, Acacia nilotica, Psidium guajava, Ficus religiosa, Emblica officinalis, and Tinospora cordifolia plants.

Methodology:

Through in-silico studies, the anti-human papillomavirus capabilities of these compounds were assessed, focusing on their binding affinity to viral E6 protein. Phytochem-icals absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis gauged drug-likeness and toxicity.

Results:

Notably, compounds like Tinosporaside, β-sitosterol, β-sitosteryl-D-glucoside, botulin, ∞-amyrin, and ß-amyrin exhibited strong binding affinity.

Conclusion:

These findings provide insights for drug design, encouraging further in-vitro and in-vivo analyses
Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Phytochemicals in Luffa acutangula Leaves
Authors: Bano Shahzadi , Ansari Jamal Akhtar , Ahsan Farogh , Khan Abdul Rahman
Published: December 2024

Background:

Hyperlipidaemia, characterized by elevated triglyceride and cholesterol
levels in the blood, is linked to premature aging and degenerative diseases, often driven by free radicals.
Antioxidants can help address these issues by neutralizing free radicals. Luffa acutangula
leaves are known for their antioxidant properties due to their content of flavonoids and phenolic
compounds.

Objective:

This study aimed to extract, fractionate, and analyze the phytochemical composition of
Luffa acutangula leaves and to evaluate their antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities across
different fractions: ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane, and methanol.

Methods:

The extraction was performed using 96% methanol and liquid-liquid fractionation with
solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and methanol. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant
activity assessments were conducted on the methanolic extract, with LC-MS/MS analysis revealing
various phytoconstituents. Antioxidant activity was measured using standard methods,
along with enzyme inhibition assays.

Results:

Methanol extraction yielded 19.73% of the extract, with the methanol fraction providing
the highest dried extract (41.64%), followed by the ethyl acetate fraction at 14.09%. The methanolic
extract contained flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and other phytoconstituents. The ethyl acetate
fraction showed the lowest IC50 value (22.04, 115.2, and 69.74) for DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, respectively,
demonstrating the strongest antioxidant potential. The ethyl acetate fraction displayed
maximum antihyperlipidemic potential (IC50-17.85 for HMG-CoA reductase). Each fraction exhibited
varying yields and secondary metabolites, with the ethyl acetate fraction showing the most significant
antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects.

Conclusion:

This study provided comprehensive information regarding the extraction, fractionation,
and phytochemical composition of Luffa acutangula leaves, noting that the ethyl acetate fraction
possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic potential.
Management of Denture Stomatitis with a Herbal Armamentarium
Authors: Chauhan Vidushi , Saxena Poorva , Nautiyal Akash , Gupta Payal
Published: December 2024

Denture Stomatitis (DS) is a chronic atrophic candidiasis and is the most prevalent
chronic inflammatory condition of the oral mucosa that serves as the foundation of dentures. The
persistence of DS is determined by the Candida species, other microbes, the immune state of the
host, and other factors. Patients who have other risk factors, such as inadequate oral hygiene,
long-term denture usage, a diet rich in carbohydrates, and decreased salivary flow, are more prone
to experience this. The application of conventional antifungals is not always successful in combating
DS. The available literature related to the epidemiology and pathophysiology of denture
stomatitis, the risk factors, and treatment options available for DS have been examined with special
emphasis on phytoactive molecules using Pubmed and Google Scholar platforms. Moreover,
the plant/phytoactive molecules (clove, cinnamon, curcumin, thyme, aloe vera) molecule-derived
products were also looked at for analyzing the market popularity of herbal products. Therefore,
age old plant-based herbal molecules have been revisited by researchers in pursuit of developing
an effective solution to DS, and clove, cinnamon, thyme, curcumin, and aloe vera have been reviewed
in the present article. An update on the herbal formulations in the form of ointment,
mouthwash, toothpaste, etc, that are either in the market or in trials has also been presented in the
article. A systematic and comprehensive review of the scientific literature related to the five
aforementioned plant extracts and their active molecules has been presented here. The review
gives a detailed insight into the pharmacological properties other than DS also. Moreover, the review
also highlighted the gaps which need more strategic and scientific attention for the quick
translation of information into therapy of clinical relevance.
Exploring Hedychium ellipticum: Botanical Attributes, Ethnobotanical Traditions, Pharmacological Insights, and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Sharma Sunaina , Pandey Rupesh Kumar , Singh Lubhan , Kumar Sokindra
Published: December 2024

Hedychium ellipticum, known as "elliptic ginger," is a notable species in the Zingi-beraceae family, primarily found in the eastern Himalayas, including Xizang, Bhutan, India, and Nepal. It thrives in temperate and subtropical regions, reflecting its ecological adaptability. The plant is recognized for its striking inflorescence—fragrant white flowers with yellow stamens emerging from cone-shaped bracts—valued for both medicinal and aesthetic purposes. Tradi-tional medicine in the region has long used Hedychium ellipticum to treat inflammation, pain, and gastrointestinal issues. Recent scientific studies have confirmed its pharmacological poten-tial, identifying bioactive compounds such as terpenoids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, which exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Essential oils from the plant also show promise in aromatherapy and fragrance, with volatile components contributing to its distinct scent profile. Despite its ecological and therapeutic significance, Hedychium ellipticum faces threats from habitat loss, overharvesting, and climate change. Sustainable cultivation and habitat preservation are crucial for its conservation. In summary, Hedychium ellipticum is a bo-tanical treasure with medicinal potential, requiring scientific research and conservation efforts to ensure its survival for future generations.
The Role of Inflammatory and Hemostatic Markers in the Prediction of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Orbelian Liudmila , Trembach Nikita , Durleshter Vladimir
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious inflammatory disease of the pancreas
that can lead to significant morbidity and increased mortality. The special role of inflammation
and disruption of the hemostatic system in the development of severe forms of the disease is
known, however, the relationship between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and
thromboelastogram parameters has not been sufficiently studied.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic significance of thromboelastogram parameters,
interleukin-6, and interleukin-22 levels in assessing the risk for developing severe forms of
acute pancreatitis.

Material and Methods:

Data from 149 patients with acute pancreatitis were included in the analysis.
The classification of AP was performed according to the 2012 Revision of the Atlanta Classification.
Data including gender, age, lab tests, radiological information, and prognosis were included.
The following scales were used to assess severity: SOFA scale and BISAP scale. IL-6 and
IL-22 were analyzed at 24 h and 48 h after the onset of symptoms. The collected TEG parameters
included K-time, R-value, and Maximum amplitude value at admission. All patients were divided
into three groups: mild, moderate-severe, and severe pancreatitis.

Results:

Statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the IL-6 level at the
first measurement and on day 2 of the study. IL-22 values were also higher in the group with severe
pancreatitis, however, on day 2, its level became lower compared to the group of patients
with moderate and mild pancreatitis. Statistically significant differences were found in the level of
K-time, R-value, Maximum amplitude, fibrinogen concentration, and platelets count, demonstrating
a hypercoagulation state in severe pancreatitis at admission. The conducted logistic regression
showed that the factors associated with the development of severe forms are the number of points
on the BISAP scale, the level of interleukin-6 in the first 24 hours of the disease, delta IL-22, and
K-time. (AUC = 0.948).

Conclusion:

The study highlights that both IL-6 and IL-22 play crucial roles in the inflammatory
cascade of severe acute pancreatitis. Their levels, along with specific hemostasis parameters like
K-time and BISAP score, serve as reliable early predictors of disease severity.
Using Natural Language Processing to Improve Safety in the Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Sharma Neha , Sharma Soumya , Kaushik Achal
Published: December 2024

This chapter focuses on the applications and challenges of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and how Natural language processing is used in safety applications in IoV. The Internet of Things (IoT) is used to identify the internet of vehicles. The tremendous growth in the smart automotive sectors has recently led to a huge rise in interest in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technology. IoV is used to connect objects, vehicles, and surroundings so that data and information may be transferred between networks. It also lets cars transmit and gather information about other vehicles and roadways. By easing traffic congestion, enhancing traffic management, and assuring road safety, IoV is introduced to improve the experience of road users. The challenges and problems that the contemporary IoV system faces are covered in this study. How to manage the privacy of huge groups of data and cars in IoV systems is one of the critical issues that researchers need to deal with. IoV networks may benefit from the numerous clever solutions provided by artificial intelligence (AI) technology to handle all the queries and problems. There is a deep connection between IoT and AI. Similarly, IoV being a subset of IoT and natural language processing (NLP) being a subset of AI are also deeply connected. Without NLP, it is difficult to run the voice control systems in IoV. The hands-free interface, which is provided by NLP, benefits the IoV in many ways.
NLP techniques can be used to improve safety concerns in IoV. For instance, using sensory data from the surrounding area, NLP may be used to analyze driving behavior and the surroundings in order to prevent traffic accidents. This chapter consists of a detailed survey on IoV, with its applications and challenges, and NLP technologies that can be used for safety applications.
Social Capital in Improving Community Welfare through Village-Owned Enterprises in Belun Village
Authors: Wijaya Guruh Wahyu , Ari Ismu Rini Dwi , Firdausiyah Nailah
Published: December 2024

Village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) are institutions or organizations that carry out activities or businesses to develop the economy in villages. The main objectives are to increase Village Own Source Revenue (PAdesa), contribute to improving community welfare, alleviate poverty, and reduce unemployment. However, according to Belun Village APBdes data, BUMDes "Karya Mandiri" has not provided PAdes, and administrator and member engagement has been declining annually. Social capital is the capacity of the community to take collective action to achieve common goals through an institution The purpose of this research is to measure the level of social capital in the Belun village community in improving welfare through BUMDes. This research uses Venn diagrams and Social Network Analysis (SNA) to map and measure relationships and information among individuals, groups, or institutions. The results show that the level of community participation in Belun village is at a moderate level, with high-density levels and centrality. There are 17 central figures connected to the BUMDes in Belun village. Independent BUMDes have not yet made financial contributions. Based on the conclusions and recommendations, it is suggested that social capital in independent BUMDes needs to be strengthened, especially in conveying information to the community about the activities carried out, to foster a sense of ownership in the efforts developed by BUMDes and to enhance the capacity of BUMDes management through mentoring from relevant agencies and village governments.
A Study of Regional Thermal Environment Quality Based on the Physical Mass Arrangement Characteristics of River Bank Settlements in Jodipan Colorful Village
Authors: Fidelista Alya Nafisa , Nugroho Agung Murti , Wulandari Lisa Dwi
Published: December 2024

Jodipan Colorful Village, originally a slum, has transformed into a popular tourist destination. This study investigates how the physical arrangement of the settlement mass and its thermal environment affect the comfort of activities in the road corridor, a critical public space utilized by both visitors and residents for tourism, commerce, and interaction. The research aims to analyze the relationship between the spatial configuration of the buildings and the thermal conditions of the area, particularly in this densely populated riverside village. Utilizing visual techniques, the study formulates criteria for the spatial arrangement of settlements, focusing on the balance of solids and voids in the layout. Thermal environment measurements are conducted to assess air temperature and humidity along the road corridor. The findings indicate that the spatial arrangement significantly impacts the thermal environment. Factors such as building density, corridor width, and proximity to the river influence temperature and humidity levels, with closer proximity to the river correlating with higher humidity and lower temperatures. These results provide insights into optimizing public space design in high-density urban environments, particularly in similar riverside settlements.
An Investigation of Innovative Materials and Technologies for Sustainable Construction in Nigeria
Authors: Unegbu H C O , Yawas Danjuma Saleh , Dan-asabe Bashar , Alabi A.A.
Published: December 2024

This study explores the adoption and effects of innovative materials and advanced technologies on sustainable construction practices in Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to collect comprehensive data from 255 construction professionals, achieving an 85% response rate. The findings indicate that recycled materials and green concrete are the most frequently utilized innovative materials, primarily due to their environmental advantages and cost-effectiveness. Building Information Modeling (BIM) and prefabrication emerge as the most widely adopted advanced technologies, enhancing efficiency, reducing waste, and improving project quality. Additionally, regression analysis reveals the complex nature of adopting sustainable construction practices, with cost emerging as a significant barrier for many firms. Despite these positive developments, challenges such as high initial costs, lack of awareness, insufficient regulatory support, and limited availability of sustainable materials impede wider adoption. The study highlights the necessity for targeted interventions, including financial incentives, stronger regulatory frameworks, and comprehensive education and training programs, to foster sustainable construction practices. The findings have substantial implications for policymakers, industry professionals, and researchers, offering a foundation for future research and practical strategies to advance sustainability in Nigeria's construction sector.
Kajian Pemikiran Tokoh Pendidikan Dunia
Authors: Supriatna Endang
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami perkembangan pendidikan secara historis dan pemikiran tokoh pendidikan dalam konteks ontologi, epistemologi, aksiologi, serta implikasinya bagi pendidikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur dan analisis konten. Dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis sumber-sumber tertulis yang relevan tentang perkembangan pendidikan dunia dari masa ke masa, serta pemikiran tokoh-tokoh pendidikan dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang topik tersebut. Pendidikan merupakan bagian integral dari perjalanan sejarah manusia yang telah mengalami perkembangan pesat sejak zaman kuno hingga modern. Di masa peradaban kuno, pendidikan lebih menekankan pada pembentukan manusia ideal dengan nilai-nilai seperti keberanian dan kebaikan, serta visi masyarakat yang diwariskan melalui cerita lisan. Pada era Islam, pendidikan diarahkan pada pemahaman psikologis subjek didik, usia yang tepat untuk pembelajaran, pemahaman tentang subjek didik, penekanan pada keadilan dalam perlakuan, dan sanksi edukatif. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang garis waktu historis pendidikan dunia dan pemikiran tokoh pendidikan, serta implikasinya bagi pendidikan di Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Tokoh pendidikan dunia, pemikiran, ontologi, epistemologi, aksiologi.
STUDENT LEADERSHIP CHARACTER IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE LAST TWO DECADES
Authors: Hapsari Maulani Mega , Martono Trisno , Wardani Dewi Kusuma , Noviani Leny
Published: December 2024

Modern education increasingly recognizes student leadership as an important channel for developing a sense of responsibility, resilience, and cooperation. Yet, despite its increasing significance, there is a lack of an overall analysis of research on student leadership. This study presents a bibliometric review of research published from 2003 through 2024 on main trends, publication patterns, and emergent themes. Using the PRISMA framework, relevant articles were retrieved from Scopus, targeting English research articles and reviews. Of the 548 identified documents, 348 were analyzed. The results highlight the growing significance of student leadership, especially in healthcare, social sciences, and engineering, with U.S.-based research dominating the field, indicating global research imbalances. Based on the co-occurrence analysis, the common themes identified are Leadership within healthcare education, Curriculum development, Gender dynamics, and the student-centered approach. These themes reflect the key areas of focus in current research on student leadership. These findings assist educators, policymakers, and researchers in guiding the enhancement of development in student leadership.Keywords: bibliometrics, education, leadership character, student.
Remote physical function testing in older adults: a mixed methods study exploring test reliability, feasibility, and perceptions of participants and assessors. (Preprint)
Authors: Fyfe Jackson J , Sousa Fernando , Watson-Mackie Kimberley , Jansons Paul , Scott David , Daly Robin M
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Impaired physical function is closely associated with adverse health outcomes in older adults. Low-cost, remote strategies for monitoring physical function could enable timely interventions to improve health and reduce the need for support services.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, reliability, and perceptions of remotely assessing physical function in older adults at home.

METHODS

Nineteen community-dwelling older adults (age 68 ± 5 years; 68% female) participated in three videoconferencing sessions with trained assessors from within their home, approximately one week apart. During each session, participants completed nine physical function tests [standing balance test battery, single-leg balance, four-square step test (FSST), gait speed (2.44 m and 4 m, both usual and fastest pace), five-times sit-to-stand (5-STS), 30-second STS (30-STS)]. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants and assessors to explore factors related to the feasibility and acceptability of testing. Test-retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots, and interview data were analysed thematically.

RESULTS

All participants successfully completed all physical function assessments on each of the three testing occasions with no adverse events. Test-retest reliability ranged from poor (ICC < 0.5; single-leg balance) to good (ICC 0.75–0.9; 5-STS, 30-STS, 2.44 m gait usual, 4 m gait fast, and FSST) but improved with repeated testing. Common barriers to testing from the perspectives of participants were setting up devices and physical demands associated with preparing their home for testing, while assessors saw participant understanding and receptiveness to testing as barriers. Both participants and assessors identified the availability of support people during testing as enablers.

CONCLUSIONS

Older adults can safely and feasibly perform a range of physical function tests remotely. Familiarisation improves test reliability and reducing technical and physical demands may improve implementation. Support from others at home is a key facilitator for successful remote testing.
Medical-Economic and Ecological Impact of Anesthesia Teleconsultation (Preprint)
Authors: FERRE Fabrice , FURELAU Philippine , LABASTE François , COSTA Nadège , Vardon Fanny , Piau Antoine , MARTIN Charlotte , Minville Vincent
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The healthcare sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Telemedicine appears to align with a more environmentally friendly and patient-centered care model.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the economic and ecological impact of anesthesia teleconsultation compared to conventional consultation.

METHODS

A single-center retrospective study was conducted in the orthopedic anesthesia department. Patient data were collected through review of electronic medical records. Economic data included transport-related costs and staff salaries. Ecological data considered activity metrics and associated carbon emission factors.

RESULTS

Among the 401 patients included, 331 underwent teleconsultations, resulting in a total savings of €42 840 and €130 (±134) per patient, a reduction of 46 214 km in travel, 123 minutes (±100) in transport time, and 20 and 3 minutes of administrative and consultation time, respectively. Ecologically, the study found a reduction of 9.7 tons of CO2eq emissions, representing over 99% of total GHG emissions.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the positive economic and ecological impact of anesthesia teleconsultation in reducing costs, travel distances, transport time, non-medical hospital time, and carbon emissions. Our findings highlight the lack of attachment to in-person consultations and high patient satisfaction, without an increase in postoperative complications.

CLINICALTRIAL

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Fire risk analysis and mapping in Kepulauan Seribu, North Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Nazhrah Siti Widya , Lestari Fatma , Octaviani Devie Fitri
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Kepulauan Seribu is an inseparable part of DKI Jakarta Province. Kepulauan Seribu has more than 110 islands and 11 inhabited islands, where this island area has its own challenges to fire response time. The objective of this study is to measure the fire risk in Kepulauan Seribu, North Jakarta.
Method: The data collection was carried out by means of stratified sampling and cross-sectional using a list of questionnaires and focus group discussion (FGD). The instrument used for the FGD with the Local Government Fire Service of Jakarta was a selected document with three parts; hazard, vulnerability, and risk management or fire protection and has twenty-two questions on a scale of one to five. The questionnaire on community leaders used customized questions on a scale of one to three. The results of both instruments were analyzed univariate and overlaid with the map of Kepulauan Seribu.
Results: The results from both areas consisting of six urban villages and twenty-four community units showed that the locations with the highest risk of fire were located at Kelapa Island Urban Village at the high level, while the other five urban villages had a moderate risk. The most influential aspect of the high level of fire risk in Kepulauan Seribu was the dimensions of risk management and fire protection.
Conclusion: The lack of infrastructure and fire fighting equipment were two important factors in the high risk of fire. The condition of the islands provides a significant difference in the source of the danger to fire, which one of the fire causes was autoignition. Suggestions that could be given are increasing the awareness and active roles of the community in fire control and prevention, managing training and socialization undertaken by the local communities and conceiving provision of infrastructure that supports fire prevention and control, transportation, and fire station.
E-cigarette user compliance with COVID-19 health protocols in Yogyakarta
Authors: Khuzaimah Eriyani , Padmawati Retna Siwi , Bintoro Bagas Suryo
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to explore the compliance of e-cigarette users during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected using in-depth interviews, semi-structured guidelines, and observation. The informants were selected using a snowball sampling approach, with a total of 10 e-cigarette users, two health promotion officers, and two e-cigarette shop employees. The validity of research data using triangulation and member checking.
Results: The informants still need to fully comply with the policy on using e-cigarettes during the COVID-19 pandemic because the informants still lend each other e-cigarette devices and do not comply with health protocols when using e-cigarettes outdoors. Although this habit is still practiced, the informants are aware that this habit is risky, especially during a pandemic. The use of e-cigarettes during a pandemic can relieve boredom, boredom, and stress. Informants feel that there are different situations, such as community activities that are not running, and the income of e-cigarette sellers is decreasing. The way to access e-cigarettes is different from before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: E-cigarettes during the COVID-19 pandemic are dangerous, especially the habit of sharing e-cigarettes and gathering without establishing health protocols. However, e-cigarette users tend to ignore and stick to the habit.
Factors affecting differences in measles-rubella bias immunization during the COVID-19 pandemic and before the COVID-19 pandemic in Kulon Progo District 2020
Authors: Laksono Bima Adi , Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Arisanti Risalia Reni
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study examines the differences between MR bias immunization and the implementation of MR BIAS before (2019) and during (2020) the pandemic.
Methods: This study was a qualitative study with a descriptive approach. Qualitative samples were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Twelve subjects were chosen as samples with occupations such as public health center officer, teacher, and parent.
Results:  Factors that influenced the implementation of the MR BIAS program before the pandemic (2019) and during the Pandemic (2020) were environmental factors, behavioral factors, and healthcare factors. Environmental factors that affect the implementation of vaccinations include online-based learning, delayed school immunization programs because of COVID-19 cases in schools, and the role of schools and teachers. Behavioral factors that affect the implementation of BIAS are the implementation of health protocols and the attitude of children and parents. Healthcare factors influencing vaccination implementation are immunization services constrained by human resources (HR) and personal protective equipment (PPE).
Conclusion: There were differences in implementing monthly school immunization programs in 2019 before and in 2020 during the pandemic. Kulon Progo Regency maintained immunization coverage before and during the pandemic.