bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The NuSTAR and Chandra View of CL 0217+70 and Its Tell-tale Radio Halo
Authors: Tümer Ayşegül , Wik Daniel R. , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Hoang Duy N. , Gaspari Massimo , van Weeren Reinout J. , Rudnick Lawrence , Stuardi Chiara , Mernier François , Simionescu Aurora , Rojas Bolivar Randall A. , Kraft Ralph , Akamatsu Hiroki , Plaa Jelle de
Published: January 2023

Mergers of galaxy clusters are the most energetic events in the universe, driving shock and cold fronts, generating turbulence, and accelerating particles that create radio halos and relics. The galaxy cluster CL 0217+70 is a remarkable late-stage merger, with a double peripheral radio relic and a giant radio halo. Chandra detects surface brightness (SB) edges that correspond to radio features within the halo. In this work, we present a study of this cluster with Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array and Chandra data using spectro-imaging methods. The global temperature is found to be kT = 9.1 keV. We set an upper limit for the inverse Compton (IC) flux of ∼2.7 × 10−12 erg s−1 cm−2, and a lower limit to the magnetic field of 0.08 μG. Our local IC search revealed a possibility that IC emission may have a significant contribution at the outskirts of the radio halo emission and on/near shock regions within ∼0.6 r
500 of clusters. We detected a “hot spot” feature in our temperature map coincident with an SB edge, but our investigation on its origin is inconclusive. If the “hot spot” is the downstream of a shock, we set a lower limit of kT > 21 keV to the plasma that corresponds to



∼2. We found three shock fronts within 0.5 r
500. Multiple weak shocks within the cluster center hint at an ongoing merger activity and continued feeding of the giant radio halo. CL 0217+70 is the only example hosting these secondary shocks in multiple form.
On the Spatial Distribution of Polarization and Color of a Distant Comet C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)
Authors: Zubko Evgenij , Videen Gorden
Published: January 2023

Comet C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS) was observed at two wavelengths using two different-sized apertures in two measurement campaigns. We find that all the observations can be interpreted using a two-component mixture of dust composed of Mg-rich silicates and amorphous carbon. The modeling suggests a slight increase in the absorption of the refractory component at shorter wavelengths, which is consistent with the optical properties of Mg-rich silicates, and a change in the size distribution as a function of distance from the cometary nucleus, a result of smaller particles accelerating more rapidly from the expanding-gas and radiative-pressure forces.
La ἄσκησις o «ejercicio espiritual» en el tratado De vita contemplativa de Filón de Alejandría
Authors: Cardoso Bueno Diego Andrés
Published: January 2023

El concepto de ἄσκησις en el contexto filónico al igual que en otros entornos intelectuales de la Antigüedad, está ligado a los de esfuerzo y avance, porque, cuando se afronta un texto filosófico de esta época, hay que pensar siempre en la idea de ascenso espiritual, πνευματική πρόοδος, además de en el ejercicio que lleva consigo.
Escritura y devociones entre las hijas de Clara: Buenos Aires, 1749-1920
Authors: Fraschina Alicia
Published: January 2023

La lectura y el análisis del Resumen histórico del convento de monjas capuchinas de Buenos Aires, en especial el tomo III —un costumbrario—, y de una serie de poemarios individuales y colectivos escritos por las ´hermanas pobres´, permite acceder a un mundo hasta ahora muy poco conocido: varias de las prácticas devocionales y escriturarias que las capuchinas porteñas fueron desarrollando en el interior de la clausura entre 1749 y 1920. Prácticas originales, por momentos sorprendentes, en las que apelan a los afectos y a las emociones, valiéndose para ello de un lenguaje cotidiano. Un camino que transitan con distintos objetivos: acceder y explicar lo inefable a partir de lo cotidiano, dar a conocer a las novicias las profundidades de la fe en Jesucristo, hacer de las recreaciones momentos de enseñanza y de plegaria, mantener vigente la adhesión a la pobreza, construir lazos con sus compañeras de ruta, dejar constancia de muy originales maneras de hacer, y conservar la memoria de su comunidad creando un patrimonio femenino destinado a perdurar.
Los arquitectos de Dios. Los arquitectos diocesanos y la recomposición religiosa en la España contemporánea (1876-1931)
Authors: Puigvert i Solà Joaquim M.
Published: January 2023

El cargo de arquitecto diocesano se institucionalizó en España en 1876, a imitación de lo sucedido en Francia antes de la separación de la Iglesia y el Estado en 1905. Dichos profesionales liberales actuaron como intermediarios entre el Estado confesional y la Iglesia en lo referente al mantenimiento y construcción de templos y de otros equipamientos destinados a la Iglesia secular y entendidos como servicios públicos. En este artículo se analiza de qué forma se reclutaban y cuáles fueron sus contribuciones a la renovación de la arquitectura religiosa y sus aportaciones a la recomposición religiosa de la sociedad contemporánea. En el período estudiado la arquitectura religiosa constituyó un potente emblema de la recuperación del poder de la Iglesia, sobre bases distintas a las de la sociedad de Antiguo Régimen.
The Preliminary Report on the 2019-2020 Seasons of the Central Taurus Prehistoric Research Project (OTTA)
Authors: Altınbilek-Algül Çiler , Kayci Orkun , Balcı Semra , Tümer Hale , Ünlü Yaşar , Ulaş Burhan , Şahin Fatma , Özbudak Ozan
Published: January 2023

Des travaux de terrain ont été menés en 2019 et 2020, par le Central Taurus Prehistoric Research Project, dans les districts d’Erdemli, de Tarsus et de Çamlıyayla à Mersin. Le projet s’est fixé deux buts principaux : mieux connaître la chronologie régionale qui présente encore des lacunes importantes et comprendre le rôle tenu par le centre du Taurus et la Cilicie dans les relations culturelles interrégionales. Des campements éphémères, des grottes avec des niveaux d'occupation et des ateliers de taille de silex ont été découverts en nombre lors de ces deux premières saisons. Ces recherches ont permis de comprendre que la région était pour les communautés préhistoriques une zone d’occupation majeure depuis le Paléolithique. Dans cet article, nous décrivons les sites archéologiques identifiés et nous publions des données ethnobotaniques et une étude des chemins employés à travers les montagnes de Bolkar afin de mieux percevoir les zones de passage interrégionales au cours de la Préhistoire.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Agricultural Field
Authors: Karmaoui Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is well known for diverse applications in many fields including agriculture. The use of AI in the agricultural field has allowed for optimization in real-time and with less cost and effort. This chapter presents a bibliometric analysis of the future of AI in agriculture. This analysis was carried out using the online Scopus tool and VOSviewer software. The outputs show an increasing trend of documents from 1979 to 2021 and 2020 is the most productive year in terms of quantity. Computer science, engineering, Agricultural and Biological sciences, and environmental science are the main subjects while the United States, China, and India are the most influential in the field. United States, China, and India are the most influential in the field, while article and conference papers are the top two doctypes. For the trend, research in this field is turning toward machine learning, the Internet of things, deep learning, agricultural robots, learning algorithms, big data, data analysis, image processing, support vector machines, and automation.
Assessment of Carbon Balance in Olive Cultivation Systems in Morocco
Authors: Sara Oulbi , Jalal Kassout , Bouizgaren Abdelaziz , El Khatri Nabil , Sikaoui Lhassane , Hadria Rachid
Published: January 2023

Climate change is expected to greatly alter and modify all life forms on Earth. Therefore, maintaining natural and agroecosystems sustainability is one of the major scientific concerns in the current era. Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions represents an urgent need to mitigate the effects and consequences of climate change. The present chapter analyzes carbon footprint and sequestration in different olive plantations, from extensively managed to super-intensively managed plantations, in three geographic districts of Marrakech-Safi region in Morocco. Olive tree plantations showed an important capacity to store CO2, especially in high-density plantations, however, the carbon footprint is still high compared with extensively managed plantations. The chapter contributes to an innovative solution to reduce GHG and, consequently, to maintain the sustainability of the agricultural sector in Morocco under the current context of global changes.
Use Cases for Digital Twin
Authors: Shah Imdad A , Sial Quratulain , Jhanjhi N. Z. , Gaur Loveleen
Published: January 2023

The “digital twin” concept creates a virtual portrayal, with the actual and virtual worlds being in perfect sync. The digitization process of a product's whole life cycle, from design to maintenance, will provide the organization with a predictive analysis of problems. Using digital representations' maximum effect of predicting issues in the development of technology would be to deliver caution in advance, avoid any disruption to the new opportunities, and design an upgraded technology. Indeed, these will have a greater impact on transmitting outstanding consumer feelings both inside and outside the company. Emerging trends of Industry 4.0, such as AI, ML, DL, and IoT play a crucial part in the creation of virtual twins, mainly used in the manufacturing, industrial IoT, and automotive industries.
An Artificial Intelligence Application of Theme and Space in Life Writings of Middle Eastern Women
Authors: Jafery Nurul Najiha , Keikhosrokiani Pantea , Asl Moussa Pourya
Published: January 2023

Recently, the revolutionary transformations in social and political landscapes as well as the remarkable developments in artificial intelligence reinforced the importance of geography and spatial analyses in literary and cultural studies. This chapter proposes an analytical framework of topic modelling and sentiment analysis for exploring the connection between theme, place, and sentiment in 36 autobiographical narratives by or about women from the Middle East. In the proposed framework, a latent Dirichlet allocation and latent semantic analysis algorithm from topic modelling, TextBlob library for sentiment analysis are employed to detect the place names that come together and to point out the associated themes and emotions throughout the data source. The model gives a scoring of each topical clusters and reveals that the diasporic authors are more likely to write about their hometown than their current host land. The authors hope that the merging of topic modelling and sentiment analysis would be beneficial to literary critics in the analysis of long texts.
Estimating the Number of Clusters in High-Dimensional Large Datasets
Authors: Zhu Xutong , Li Lingli
Published: January 2023

Clustering is a basic primer of exploratory tasks. In order to obtain valuable results, the parameters in the clustering algorithm, the number of clusters must be set appropriately. Existing methods for determining the number of clusters perform well on low-dimensional small datasets, but how to effectively determine the optimal number of clusters on large high-dimensional datasets is still a challenging problem. In this paper, the authors design a method for effectively estimating the optimal number of clusters on large-scale high-dimensional datasets that can overcome the shortcomings of existing estimation methods and accurately and quickly estimate the optimal number of clusters on large-scale high-dimensional datasets. Extensive experiments show that it (1) outperforms existing estimation methods in accuracy and efficiency, (2) generalizes across different datasets, and (3) is suitable for high-dimensional large datasets.
Augmenting Granzyme B–Expressing NK Cells by Invariant NKT Ligand–Loaded APCs in Patients with Postoperative Early Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of a Randomized Phase II Study
Authors: Iyoda Tomonori , Shimizu Kanako , Kawamura Masami , Shinga Jun , Watanabe Takashi , Fukunaga Koya , Mushiroda Taisei , Saka Hideo , Kitagawa Chiyoe , Shimamatsu Shin-ichiro , Takenoyama Mitsuhiro , Suehiro Youko , Imai Takumi , Shintani Ayumi , Ito Suminobu , Fujii Shin-ichiro
Published: January 2023

NK cells are major effector cells involved in the elimination of early tumors and prevent metastasis. They often have an impaired function in patients with cancer. Preclinical studies have demonstrated NK cell activation as the adjunctive effect of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells. Activation of iNKT cells after administration of the glycolipid ligand α-galactosylceramide, loaded with CD1d-expressing human PBMC-derived APCs (APC/Gal), is an attractive cancer therapy to optimize the use of NK cells. However, the subsets of NK cells that are activated following iNKT cell activation as well as the period of NK cell activation remain unclear. In this study, we report that the granzyme B–expressing NK cell response in postoperative lung cancer patients was enhanced 49 d after administration of APC/Gal in a phase II study. We found maximum IFN-γ production on day 49 in 13 out of 27 APC/Gal-treated patients. On day 49, 14 out of 27 patients (51.9%) had higher IFN-γ production by iNKT cells (>6-fold higher than the baseline level). This increment significantly correlated with granzyme B–expressing NK cells. Although IFN-γ production was lower in patients in the nontreated group, we detected maximum IFN-γ production 12 mo after the resection of lung cancer (9 out of 29 patients [31%]). These findings suggest that elimination of cancer cells leads to increased NK cell function, which can be further enhanced by APC/Gal therapy.
CD19 Is Internalized Together with IgM in Proportion to B Cell Receptor Stimulation and Is Modulated by Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase in Bone Marrow Immature B Cells
Authors: McCaleb Megan R , Miranda Anjelica M , Ratliff Kaysie C , Torres Raul M , Pelanda Roberta
Published: January 2023

Newly generated immature B cells that bind self-antigen with high avidity arrest in differentiation and undergo central tolerance via receptor editing and clonal deletion. These autoreactive immature B cells also express low surface levels of the coreceptor CD19, a key activator of the PI3K pathway. Signals emanating from both CD19 and PI3K are known to be critical for attenuating receptor editing and selecting immature B cells into the periphery. However, the mechanisms that modulate CD19 expression at this stage of B cell development have not yet been resolved. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we demonstrate that Cd19 de novo gene transcription and translation do not significantly contribute to the differences in CD19 surface expression in mouse autoreactive and nonautoreactive immature B cells. Instead, CD19 downregulation is induced by BCR stimulation in proportion to BCR engagement, and the remaining surface IgM and CD19 molecules promote intracellular PI3K-AKT activity in proportion to their level of expression. The internalized CD19 is degraded with IgM by the lysosome, but inhibiting lysosome-mediated protein degradation only slightly improves surface CD19. In fact, CD19 is restored only upon Ag removal. Our data also reveal that the PI3K-AKT pathway positively modulates CD19 surface expression in immature B cells via a mechanism that is independent of inhibition of FOXO1 and its role on Cd19 gene transcription while is dependent on mTORC1.
KIR Allelic Variation and the Remission of Atopic Dermatitis Over Time
Authors: Margolis David J , Mitra Nandita , Hoffstad Ole J , Chopra Abha , Phillips Elizabeth J
Published: January 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease. Although generally thought to be a disease of T-cell dysregulation, recent studies have suggested that immune dysregulation of NK cells is also important. Killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) are involved with NK cell regulation. The Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry is a U.S. nationwide longitudinal cohort with up to 10 y of follow-up in which 655 children had DNA available for full allelic KIR sequencing. Every 6 mo, AD activity was reported by Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry children. Using generalized estimating equations, we evaluated the association of KIR allelic variation in concert with known HLA binding ligands and whether the child reported AD in “remission” (no skin lesions and not using AD medication). KIR2DS4*001:01 (odds ratio 0.53, 95% CI [0.32, 0.88]) and KIR2DL4*001:02 (0.54, [0.33, 0.89]) in the presence of C*04:01 had the largest effect on decreasing the likelihood of AD remission. The haplotype KIR 2DL4*001:02 ∼ 2DS4*001:01 ∼ 3DL2*002:01 (0.77, [0.60, 0.99]) was also associated with a decreased likelihood of AD remission. Our findings add to the general body of evidence of a growing literature on the importance of NK cells with respect to the immunopathogenesis and natural history of AD.
Outcomes of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized during the fourth pandemic wave in relation to their clinical features and vaccination status
Authors: Crivellari Stefania , Pasquali Mercedes , Aiosa Giuseppe , Daniele Antonio , Bertolotti Marinella , Salerno Christian , Pacileo Guglielmo , Marchisio Sara , Maconi Antonio , Gnerre Paola
Published: January 2023

This study aims to observe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of recovered patients from Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) related to the vaccination status. We examined results of 205 COVID-19-recovered patients from 15 December 2021 to 1 March 2022 in two hospitals of Local Health Authority of Alessandria (Italy) during the fourth pandemic wave. 77% of patients were hospitalized for acute respiratory failure (ARF) with radiological pneumonia pattern (recovered for COVID), 23% for other causes with occasional positivity finding (recovered with COVID). 32% of patients were not vaccinated for Sars-COV-2, 37% had three doses, 25% two doses, 5% only one dose. All patients without vaccination were hospitalized for ARF and they had a 7 times higher risk of hospitalization than the vaccinated. 60% of all patients had >3 comorbidities, of these 50% was vaccinated with three doses. In the fourth pandemic wave compared to the other not all patients were hospitalized for ARF and pneumonia and the presence of comorbidities >3 is a risk factor for hospitalization regardless of vaccination status. This justifies the administration of the fourth dose to frail patients.
Clinical significance of salivary, serum, nitric oxide, and arginase in breast cancer
Authors: Yousif Araz M. , Ismail Parween
Published: January 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among females. A source of sampling for clinical diagnosis is saliva which has been utilized and it is a promising approach as collecting saliva is relatively easy and non-invasive. Over the past two decades, utilizing saliva as a biomarker, specifically for early cancer diagnosis has attracted much research interest.
Aim: To alter the sample collection from blood to saliva for some components such as nitric oxide (NO) and arginase, in order to detect an easy, earlier and noninvasive diagnostic test as biomarkers and prognostic tools in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 73 female volunteers were participated in this study, 25 healthy volunteers compared with 48 patients with breast cancer in order to estimate and compare both salivary and blood level components such as NO and arginase.
Results: The mean blood and salivary samples for both nitric oxide and arginase levels were significantly raised in patients with breast cancer when they compared with controls (p<0.001).
Conclusions: In this study the changing of salivary levels of NO and arginase as compared with blood may be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool alternative to serum testing component, which were significantly increased in patients with breast cancer in both blood and saliva and also, may be used as biomarkers and tumor progression tests in diagnosing of breast cancer.
Development and implementation of clinical mentorship in Rwanda: successes and challenges
Authors: Sebeza Jackson , Riedel David J. , Kiromera Athanase , Lavoie Marie-Claude C. , Blanco Natalia , Lascko Taylor , Muhayimpundu Ribakare , Mtiro Emma , Mugwaneza Placidie , Savio Habimana Dominique , Baribwira Cyprien
Published: January 2023

Rwanda has prioritized the decentralization and integration of HIV services over the past decade to ensure universal access to HIV services throughout the nation. Improving the capacity of healthcare providers to provide high-quality HIV prevention and treatment services was a crucial component of this process. In partnership with the authors, Rwanda’s national health implementation agency developed a national clinical mentorship program from 2011 to 2017 to facilitate this transition. The Rwanda Clinical Mentorship Model aims to effectively manage HIV-infected patients across all levels of healthcare delivery, implement task shifting, and adhere to national guidelines. The clinical care of HIV-positive individuals was transferred from HIV specialists to family physicians and nurses. The facility team was trained, supervised, and mentored by a multidisciplinary team. Mentorship consisted of routine site visits during which clinical case reviews, clinical supervision teaching, and data reviews were conducted to assess the facility’s performance and identify obstacles. Between 2012 and 2020, 5,774 healthcare professionals across the country received HIV testing and treatment training. This clinical mentoring has demonstrated a pragmatic, data-driven, and enduring strategy for enhancing clinical practice at all levels of care. A dedicated cadre of mentors is required to ensure the coordination and sustainability of this approach, according to one finding. The authors participated in accelerating the geographic and scope expansion of clinical mentoring in Rwanda. Developing a sustainable HIV clinical mentorship program in Rwanda requires longterm partnerships and evolving technical assistance.
Sex-Specific Changes in Physical Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury by Chronological Age and Stages of Growth and Maturation From 8 to 18 Years of Age
Authors: Shultz Sandra J. , Cruz Marcelo Rodriguez , Casey Ellen , Dompier Thomas P. , Ford Kevin R. , Pietrosimone Brian , Schmitz Randy J. , Taylor Jeffrey B.
Published: January 2023

Objective

To critically assess the literature focused on sex-specific trajectories in physical characteristics associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk by age and maturational stage.

Data Sources

PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched through December 2021.

Study Selection

Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of healthy 8- to 18-year-olds, stratified by sex and age or maturation on ≥1 measure of body composition, lower extremity strength, ACL size, joint laxity, knee-joint geometry, lower extremity alignment, balance, or lower extremity biomechanics were included.

Data Extraction

Extracted data included study design, participant characteristics, maturational metrics, and outcome measures. We used random-effects meta-analyses to examine sex differences in trajectory over time. For each variable, standardized differences in means between sexes were calculated.

Data Synthesis

The search yielded 216 primary and 22 secondary articles. Less fat-free mass, leg strength, and power and greater general joint laxity were evident in girls by 8 to 10 years of age and Tanner stage I. Sex differences in body composition, strength, power, general joint laxity, and balance were more evident by 11 to 13 years of age and when transitioning from the prepubertal to pubertal stages. Sex differences in ACL size (smaller in girls), anterior knee laxity and tibiofemoral angle (greater in girls), and higher-risk biomechanics (in girls) were observed at later ages and when transitioning from the pubertal to postpubertal stages. Inconsistent study designs and data reporting limited the number of included studies.

Conclusions

Critical gaps remain in our knowledge and highlight the need to improve our understanding of the relative timing and tempo of ACL risk factor development.
Molar Pregnancy with a Coexistent Fetus Following Assisted Reproductive Techniques: Two Case Reports
Authors: Rai Seema , Yasaswi K. , Raj Rishi , Hiremath Ravishekar N. , Ghodke Sandhya
Published: January 2023

Hydatidiform mole with the coexisting live fetus is a rare entity occurring in 0.005%–0.01% of all pregnancies. With the introduction of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), a significant rise in the incidence of multiple pregnancies has been reported. Here, we report two cases of molar pregnancies with a coexisting live fetus conceived following assisted conception. In our first case, pregnancy was continued and delivered a term live infant. The second case was aborted at 16 weeks’ gestation due to maternal complications. These two patients needed chemotherapy due to persistent gestational trophoblastic disease. The rarity of this condition poses several diagnostic and management challenges, especially conceiving after ART the decision of termination for such couples.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ НА ОТДЕЛЬНЫЕ СФЕРЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Кондрашихин И.И. , Горбунова В.Б.
Published: January 2023

В статье рассмотрены актуальные тренды в развитии отдельных сфер экономики в

современных условиях цифровизации. Особо отмечается, что пандемия еще больше

ускорила и без того стремительный переход некоторых сфер экономики в онлайн. Было

выявлено, что цифровизация экономики значительным образом способствовала изменению

методов и подходов к развитию прежде всего сферы услуг, обновлению моделей

коммуникации между компаниями и клиентами, созданию новых видов работ и услуг в

обществе. Научной основой данной статьи послужили российские статистические

исследования, новостные дайджесты и публикации отечественных и зарубежных специалистов.
БИОГЕЛЬ НА ОСНОВЕ ВОДОРОСЛЕЙ FURCELLARIA LUMBRICALIS И БЕЗДЫМНОЙ КОПТИЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ ДЛЯ БЕЗОПАСНОГО КОПЧЕНИЯ РЫБЫ
Authors: Самбурская Н.В. , Мезенова О.Я.
Published: January 2023

Проведен анализ специальной литературы в области биопотенциала и использования

красной водоросли Furcellaria lumbricalis. Изучен физико-химический состав водоросли и

бездымной коптильной среды «Жидкий дым Костровок». Проведены модельные эксперименты по получению рыбы горячего копчения путем ее обработки водорослево-коптильным

биогелем. Исследована органолептическая оценка и содержание фенольных веществ, аминокислот, каротиноидов, лютеина, витаминов в копченой рыбе. Доказана безопасность биогеля и копченой рыбы по содержанию полициклических ароматических углеводородов и тяжелых металлов.
Ecuadorian Forest-Racer (Dendrophidion graciliverpa)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: January 2023

This is the species account about the Ecuadorian Forest-Racer (Dendrophidion graciliverpa), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Implicative Analysis of Child Protection Laws and U.N Convention on the rights of Child (A Case Study of Pakistan from an International perspective)
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Bhatti Shaukat Hussain
Published: January 2023

We cannot regret the importance of children concerning social stability and rehabilitation for sustainable development goals as the most integral ingredient for a community. The protection of the fundamental rights of children has remained in question since ancient times. Still, despite frequent legislation for the accomplishment of the social errands regarding a child's security to ascertain the desired outcomes, the matter remained a dilemma for almost all states of the world. Birth registration and early education are recognized rights of a child. Still, statistics are comparatively low, with 34% under the age of 5 years and 31% under the age of 18 years of children in the society of Pakistan. Child labor is 3.3 million of the total population of Pakistan, which is alarming. Separate trial of children is also needed for protection of their rights. This study will involve the mixed method of research to explore the dominant flaws considered a hurdle to accomplishing the assignment regarding safeguarding children from childhood deprivation, health, and education besides physical, psychological, sexual exploitation, and child trafficking. This study will also descriptively discuss the possible measures which can be helpful to rectify the issues from society for social rehabilitation.
A importância da atenção primária no manejo e erradicação da hanseníase: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: CRISTINA RIBEIRO RAFHAELLA , CASSEMIRA ALVES THALIANE , Medeiros Lopes Ana Leticia , Tariana Peres Pereira Danielle , FERREIRA DE OLIVEIRA NETO CAMERINO , VIEIRA DEBORA , GUIMARAES RODRIGUES IARA
Published: January 2023

Introdução: A hanseníase é uma doença que se manifesta como um problema de saúde e os serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) têm um papel fundamental para a redução da carga da doença. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar na literatura científica a importância da atenção básica no controle da hanseníase e analisar os fatores que influenciam nesse processo. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa que foi delineado a partir dos critérios estabelecidos no guia Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). O levantamento dos artigos foi realizado nas seguintes bases de dados: Google Acadêmico, Pubmed/MEDLINE,LILACS, Scielo. Na busca inicial foram encontrados 43 artigos. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão e leitura na íntegra, selecionou-se 16 artigos científicos, publicados entre 2010 e 2021. Resultados: De modo geral os trabalhos retratam sobre as Ações do Controle da Hanseníase (ACH) realizado pela APS, cabendo destacar que independente da metodologia da pesquisa, quando a APS realiza as ACH de forma efetiva, tem um impacto importante no controle da doença, caso contrário impacta negativamente. Conclusão: A descentralização das ACH para o âmbito da APS vem impondo a reorientação da prática da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), isto fortalece a política de controle da doença, ao facilitar o acesso ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento e principalmente a formação de vínculo com o paciente o que se tem uma melhora na adesão ao tratamento e acompanhamento da doença.
Análise do conhecimento dos Acadêmicos de Medicina do IMEPAC acerca do atendimento pré-hospitalar de urgência e emergência
Authors: Freitas Joselle , Almeida Cordeiro Amanda , Diakson Gontijo Soares Fernando , Bolívar Gonçalves Gabriela , Freitas Urzedo Renato
Published: January 2023

Estudo epidemiológico observacional descritivo. Objetivo: analisar o grau de conhecimento dos alunos do curso de Medicina do Centro Universitário IMEPAC Araguari a respeito do atendimento pré-hospitalar de urgência e emergência e entender os principais fatores influenciadores na visão dos alunos. Metodologia: Este trabalho foi empreendido no IMEPAC em Araguari e a coleta de dados se deu através de questionário aplicado aos alunos do primeiro ao décimo segundo períodos do curso de Medicina, devidamente matriculados no segundo semestre de 2021. Os dados obtidos foram analisados, tabulados e organizados por meio dos softwares Excel e Word, no formato de tabela e ou gráficos. Resultados: 97,47% dos acadêmicos compreendem a importância de se conhecer sobre o Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar, e 31,41% dos estudantes já fizeram algum curso sobre o tema oferecido pelo IMEPAC. Entretanto, 69% não se sentem preparados para tal atendimento, sendo que 95,31% têm interesse em realizar um curso de APH. Também, os resultados apontam que à medida que os alunos avançam no curso, o conhecimento específico é maior. Conclusão: os acadêmicos do curso de Medicina do IMEPAC Araguari sabem da importância do conhecimento a respeito do atendimento pré-hospitalar emergencial e à medida que os alunos avançam de períodos ao longo do curso, eles se sentem mais preparados e confiantes em um APH.
Ocorrência de óbitos e caracterização da internação por quedas em idosos residentes no município de Itumbiara/GO: uma análise de dados secundários
Authors: Araújo Gabriela , Azevedo Geovanna , Souza Herbert , Resende Gabriela , Augusto Gabriel , Rodrigues Iara
Published: January 2023

Introdução: as quedas acidentais acometem cerca de 30% dos idosos acima de 60 anos e de 40 a 50% dos idosos mais velhos (acima de 80 a 85 anos), consistindo em uma das principais causas de lesões, fatais ou não, nesses grupos, com destaque para os longevos. Objetivo: descrever a ocorrência de óbito por quedas e caracterizar a internação em decorrência das quedas em idosos residentes no município de Itumbiara (GO). Metodologia: estudo transversal, retrospectivo e quantitativo, a partir de dados colhidos na plataforma DATASUS. Fizeram parte da amostra de estudo todos os dados cadastrados de indivíduos acima de 60 anos e com relação à ocorrência e óbito por quedas, entre janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2019. Foram selecionadas variáveis relacionadas à: sexo, faixa etária, caracterização e perfil de internações por quedas e óbitos por tipo de quedas. Os dados foram organizados e tabulados com auxílio do software Excel. Resultados e Discussões: No município de Itumbiara/GO o óbito por quedas é mais prevalente no sexo masculino, em idosos mais velhos e as mulheres, quando internadas em decorrência das quedas, ficam mais tempo hospitalizadas do que os homens, consequentemente utilizando-se mais serviços hospitalares. Conclusão: O conhecimento dos fatores relacionados ao óbito decorrente da queda em idosos favorece melhores políticas públicas para este segmento populacional.
Hygienic assessment of air protection activities at heat-and-power engineering enterprises
Authors: Andrishunas Alyona M. , Kleyn Svetlana V. , Goryaev Dmitry V. , Balashov Stanislav Yu. , Zagorodnov Sergey Yu.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Quality of the environment produces direct effects on public health in large industrial centers. Implementation of air protection activities at heat-and-power engineering enterprises and autonomous heat supply sources (AHSS), including those stipulated within the “Clean Air” Federal project will allow improving ambient air quality on priority territories. Our research goal was to develop and test methodical approaches to hygienic assessment of air protection activities implemented at heat-and-power engineering enterprises and AHSS with their effectiveness estimated as per health risks. Materials and methods. We estimated effectiveness of air protection activities implemented at heat-and-power engineering enterprises and AHSS included in the Complex plans. It was done by analyzing changes in spatially differentiated rates of inhalation health risks together with residual risk assessment and estimating a number of people who were removed from zones with elevated exposure levels. Results. In Krasnoyarsk, we established a list that included 55 priority chemicals out of 251 substances emitted by heat-and-power engineering enterprises and AHSS. At present, these priority chemicals create unacceptable carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks regarding the respiratory system, eyesight, the immune system and some others (CR is up to 3.31•10-4, HIac is up to 202.31, and HIcr is up to 33.5). Activities to be implemented by 2024 at heat-and-power engineering enterprises and AHSS on the analyzed territory will make it possible to reduce non-carcinogenic risks by 2.57-13.5 times; carcinogenic risks are expected to decrease only slightly. In addition, more than 50 thousand people exposed to high acute non-carcinogenic risks and more than 30 thousand people exposed to high chronic non-carcinogenic risks will be moved to a zone with minimal (target) non-carcinogenic health risks. Limitations of the study were incomplete data on pollution sources and components of industrial emissions; some uncertainties associated with establishing reference exposure level, critical organs/systems and adverse effects; calculated data on concentrations used for certain chemicals. Conclusions. Implementation of air protection activities within the existing Complex plan will allow reducing locally occurring public health risks created by heat-and-power engineering enterprises and AHSS. Additional activities are required to mitigate public health risks down to their acceptable levels in the whole city.
Contamination of biomedia with N-nitrosamines as a factor in the development of disorders of the immune status in schoolchildren with dyspepsia under conditions of altered polymorphism of candidate genes
Authors: Kazakova Olga A. , Yaroma Alesya V. , Dolgikh Oleg V.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Contamination of drinking water sources with N-nitrosamines, substances of the first class of danger, creates conditions for the development of disorders of the immune profile in primary school-age children with diseases of the digestive system. Bio- and toxicokinetic features of these substances, when they enter the body with water, form changes on the part of the immune system, and the biodegradation of these substances by enzymes of the first phase of detoxification of the CYP450 family is accompanied by the formation of direct carcinogens capable of DNA methylation, which is characterized by dyspepsia, uncontrolled cell proliferation in the conditions of the CC genotype of the gene of the detoxification enzyme CYP1A1_3 rs4646421. Materials and methods. The study involved fifty two children of primary school age (6-12 years old) living in the Perm Territory, consuming water from underground sources characterized by pollution with N-nitrosamines. The observation group included 30 children with pathology of the digestive system. The comparison group consisted of 22 conditionally healthy children. Chemical (NDMA, NDEA), immunological (IgE specific to NDMA, IgM, CD95+, IL 10, Bcl, cortisol, CA 72-4), and genetic (gene of the detoxification enzyme CYP1A1_3 rs4646421) studies of the biological environment were performed for all children. Results. According to the results of the conducted studies, it was found that the observation group relative to the comparison group was characterized by an increased content of N-nitrosamines in the blood up to 3.8 times; altered immune status in the form of an increase in specific sensitization to NDMA by 1.2 times, inhibition of apoptotic activity of CD95+ markers by 1.8 times (p<0.05) and Bcl2 by 1.3 times, a decrease in the level of expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 by 2.3 times (p<0.05), an increase in the expression of the stress hormone cortisol by 1.3 times (p<0.05) and the cancer marker CA 72-4 by 2.5 times; an increase in the frequency of the wild homozygous CC genotype of the CYP1A1_3 rs4646421 gene by 1.5 times, which acted as a risk factor for dyspepsia in conditions of blood contamination with N-nitrosamines (OR=4.5; CI: 1.16-17.40, p<0.05). Limitations. The limitation lies in the use of the identified markers for the diagnosis of immune disorders manifested by blood contamination with nitrosamines in a specific area. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate to an imbalance of the immune profile in conditions of low-level chronic oral intake of N-nitrosamines with a genetic predisposition to the development of toxic effects. So far, the detected violations should be attributed to early signs indicating the formation of dyspepsia in schoolchildren consuming water from underground sources contaminated with N-nitrosamines.
Genetic and immune profile in primary school children with various tonicity of the educational load
Authors: Mazunina Alena A. , Dolgikh Oleg V. , Kazakova Olga A. , Vdovina Nadezhda A. , Ustinova Olga Yu.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. By now, substantial scientific data have been accumulated regarding influence exerted by the educational environment at school on children’s health. Excessive educational loads are known to lead to significant fatigue in school children. The issue is especially acute in so called “progressive” schools with profound studies of various subjects that involve elevated stress for school children. This stress induces to immune, genetically determined negative health outcomes. Aim is to comparatively analyze genetic and immune profiles of primary school children attending schools with different educational loads (exemplified by the Perm region). Materials and methods. The test group included ninty three 7-11 years children who attended a school with intensified educational loads (a gymnasium). The reference group was made of 31 7-11 years children who attended a secondary school with moderate educational loads. We examined polymorphisms of genes that were candidate regarding provision of tolerance to stress, namely, detoxification, vascular regulation and circadian rhyme genes CYP1A1 (rs1048943), GSTP1 (rs1695), eNOS(rs1799983), MTHFR (rs1801133) and PER2 (rs643159). It was done by using PCR. We analyzed cytokine profile indicators by using ELISA and CD3+CD8+-lymphocytes by using flow cytometry. Results. The children from the test group had significant deficiency of cellular immunity indicators (product of Th1-lymphocyte expression, interferon-gamma and T-cytotoxic lymphocytes CD3+CD8+) that were responsible for antiviral immunity and hyperexpression of interleukin-4 against the reference group (p<0.05). We established significant excessive frequency of variant alleles of CYP1A1, GSTP1, eNOS, MTHFR and PER2 genes in children with intensified educational loads (the test group) against the reference group (p<0.05). Limitations. The limitation lies in the use of the identified markers for the diagnosis of immune and genetic disorders that manifest themselves with the tension and intensity of schoolchildren’s education. Conclusion. Elevated frequency of minor alleles responsible for detoxification, vascular tone regulation and bulbar-controlled periodicity of biorhythms and imbalanced cellular and cytokine profiles entail risks of impaired adaptation in primary school children who attend schools with intensified educational loads (exemplified by children living in the Perm region)
SEYYİD YAHYÂ-YI ŞİRVÂNÎ’NİN SEYR U SÜLÛK ANLAYIŞI
Authors: MEMMEDOVA KURŞUN İlahe
Published: January 2023

Seyyid Yahyâ-yı Şirvânî, XV. yüzyılda Azerbaycan’ın Şamahı şehrinde dünyaya gelmiştir. Ehl-i Beyt soyundan olan Şirvânî’nin hayatının bir kısmı Şamahı’da büyük bir kısmı ise Bakü şehrinde geçmiştir. Halvetiyye tarikatının pîr-i sânîsi olan Şirvânî, Azerbaycan topraklarında ve Halvetiyye tarikatında ilk kez eser veren ve halîfe yetiştirip farklı coğrafyalara irşâd vazîfesiyle gönderen bir sûfî olması hasebiyle onun seyr u sülûk ile ilgili görüşleri bir hayli önem arzetmektedir. Eserlerine bakıldığında, genel olarak sâlikin mânevî eğitimi üzerinde durduğu, onun geçeceği yolları detaylı bir şekilde ele aldığı görülmektedir. Daha önce hiçbir çalışmada Şirvânî’nin mânevî eğitim metodu bütüncül bir şekilde ortaya konulmamıştır. Bu makalede, Şirvânî’nin hayatına ve eserlerine kısaca değinilmiş, eserleri seyr u sülûk bağlamında ilk kez değerlendirilerek ortaya konulmuştur.
What Causes the Active Galactic Nuclei of Quasars During the Quasar Epoch to be so Luminous?
Authors: Atamalibekova Amaliya , Bhimani Sanah
Published: January 2023

The brightest quasars were born 10 billion years ago during the Quasar Epoch. These quasars were bigger and brighter than any of the quasars formed after, and this paper seeks to find out why. Quasars are a type of Active Galactic Nucleus, which is a compact center of a galaxy. The type of galaxy that contains the Active Galactic Nucleus plays an important part in their luminosity, as elliptical galaxies have much brighter Active Galactic Nuclei than spiral galaxies. The reason that Active Galactic Nuclei form in galaxies is because galaxies contain supermassive black holes, since only supermassive black holes may contain an Active Galactic Nucleus. The stars and gas clouds present in galaxies make a bigger accretion disc. This was happening at a large rate during the Quasar Epoch as opposed to now.
Не знание профессиональной лексики - причина неуспеваемости студентов
Authors: Ахмедова Хулкар
Published: January 2023

В статье рассказывается об обогащении  словарного запаса  в области права. Рассматриваются актуальные вопросы общей юридической терминологии, требующей усвоения и правильного употребления профессиональной лексики.
Тенденция эффективности профилактических мероприятий путем коррекции психологического стресса у детей на стоматологическом приёме
Authors: Ортикова Наргиза
Published: January 2023

В данной статье рассматриваются тенденции эффективности профилактических мероприятий путем коррекции психологического стресса у детей на стоматологическом приёме, описываются признаки эмоциональной тревожности детей, анализируются возможные причины негативного отношения детей к лечению и, по-видимому, пациенты с высоким страхом и беспокойством, более чувствительны к боли. Кроме того, беспокойство во время лечения зубов мешает ребенку полностью сотрудничать со стоматологом, что приводит к потере время для стоматолога, лишним трудностям при выполнении стоматологических процедур и неудовлетворительным результатам.  В исследовании приняли участие 100 детей в возрасте от 6 до 15 лет, которые обратились за стоматологической помощью в Самаркандскую специализированную детскую стоматологическую поликлинику. Анализ степени тревожности детей проводился по шкале Франкла, Кораха DAS, уровню артериального давления и частоте сердечных сокращений. По результатам обследования по данным методикам детей разделили на две группы: основную и контрольную.   Охарактеризовали поведение детей с разным уровнем тревожности в зависимости от причины обращения. Сравнили эмоциональное состояние детей, с которыми проводилась предварительная беседа перед посещением врача, с группой детей, у которых не проводилась психологическая коррекция. На основании этих исследований нами были предложены методы выявления, профилактики и регуляции существующего психоэмоционального напряжения детей на стоматологическом приёме.
Айбга иқрорлик тўғрисидаги келишув институтининг ҳуқуқни қўллаш амалиётидаги муаммолари
Authors: Довудова Дилзода
Published: January 2023

Мақолада жиноят иши бўйича айбга иқрорлик тўғрисидаги келишув институтининг ўзига хос хусусиятлари, моҳияти, мақсади ҳамда мазкур босқичдаги мавжуд муаммолар, бўшлиқлар ва уларни такомиллаштириш масалалари қиёсий-ҳуқуқий таҳлил қилиниб, амалиётда келишувни қўллашда йўл қўйилаётган тизимли камчиликлар мушоҳада этилган.