bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Dampak Hospitalisasi Pada Anak Prasekolah Yang Didampingi Orang Tua Dan Selain Orang Tua
Authors: Dina Zakiyyatul Fuadah  , Diana Rachmania  , Sulis
Published: May 2021

Hospitalisasi seringkali menjadi krisis utama yang dihadapi anak saat menjalani rawat inap di Rumah Sakit bisa menyebabkan anak stress maupun trauma, sehingga menimbulkan respon negative pada anak diantaranya adalah tidak kooperatif pada saat proses perawatan (protes, pemisahan diri, penyangkalan). Salah satu upaya untuk meminimalisir yaitu dengan melakukan pendampingan dari orang tua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan dampak hospitalisasi pada anak prasekolah (usia 3-6 tahun) yang didampingi orang tua dan selain orang tua di Ruang Anak Rumah Sakit Amelia Pare. Desain yang digunakan komparatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional didapat sampel 44 responden (22 responden anak yang didampingi orang tua dan 22 responden anak yang didampingi selain orang tua) yang diambil melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar (81,8%) responden yang didampingi orang tua memiliki kriteria ringan, sedangkan yang didampingi selain orang tua menunjukan sebagian besar (72,7%) dalam kategori berat. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji mann whitney diketahui nilai p = 0,000 (α≤0,05) yang berarti ada perbedaan dampak hospitalisasi pada anak prasekolah yang didampingi orang tua dan selain orang tua di Ruang Anak Rumah sakit Amelia Pare. Pendampingan orang tua sangat berpengaruh pada hospitalisasi anak, sehingga perawat harus melakukan pendekatan terhadap pendamping maupun klien itu sendiri supaya hospitalisasi berjalan dengan baik.
KOMPARATIF KEIGO BAHASA JEPANG DENGAN KRAMA BAHASA JAWA DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL (THE COMPARATIVE OF KEIGO IN JAPANESE AND OF KRAMA IN JAVANESE)
Authors: Wulandari Anastasia Dewi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian yang berjudul Komparatif Keigo Bahasa Jepang dengan Krama Bahasa Jawa dalam media sosial ini merupakan sebuah kajian sintaksis dan semantik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif komparatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keigo bahasa Jepang dengan krama bahasa Jawa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa sonkeigo dengan krama inggil merupakan ragam bahasa yang digunakan untuk meninggikan orang lain, kenjougo dengan krama-andhap merupakan ragam bahasa yang digunakan untuk menghormati orang lain dengan merendahkan diri sendiri, dan teineigo dengan krama lugu merupakan ragam bahasa yang digunakan tanpa meninggikan atau merendahkan orang lain. Perbedaannya adalah bahwa di Jepang terdapat dua konsep yang dikenal dengan uchi dan soto. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Jepang memerhatikan kepada siapa penutur itu berbicara.Â The paper entitled the Comparative of Keigo in Japanese and of Krama in Javanese in Social Media is a study of both syntactics and semantics. The descriptive comparative method is used in this study. The purpose of this study is to analyze keigo in Japanese language compared with krama in Javanese language. According to the result, the writer conclude that sonkeigo with krama inggil is used for the same perspective to polite, kenjougo with krama andhap is used for the same perspective to honor people, and teineigo with krama lugu is used for the same perspective to humble polite. The difference is that in Japanese there are two concepts known as uchi and soto. This means that Japanese pay attention to whom a speaker is talking to.Â
KEMARUK DEWAN DALAM DEWAN KEMARUK (THE GREEDINESS OF LEGISLATORS IN DEWAN KEMARUK)
Authors: Saleh Raja
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemaruknya anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyar Daerah (DPRD) Riau dalam kumpulan cerita kelakar emDewan Kemaruk:Telatah Wak Atan/em dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini diambil dari kumpulan cerita kelakar Dewan Kemaruk yang ditulis oleh Mosthamir Thalib. Setelah dikumpulkan, data diklasiï¬kasikan menurut isi cerita yang sesuai dan yang tidak sesuai dengan tema. Pisau bedah untuk menganalisis data yang telah dikumpulkan adalah menggunakan analisis isi sehingga maksud yang terkandung dalam setiap cerita kelakar emDewan Kemaruk/em akan dibahas secara mendalam dan diinterpretasikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan cerita Dewan Kemaruk berisi sindiran atau sentilan terhadap anggota legislatif, pejabat, dan pengusaha. Sindiran ditujukan kepada perilaku mereka yang dinilai kemaruk atau hanya ingin mencari keuntungan untuk diri dan kelompoknya. Kemaruk anggota dewan yang terungkap dalam cerita ini adalah a) menerima sogokan dari para pengusaha, b) â€œmempermainkanâ€ tender proyek, c) mencari keuntungan ketika suksesi pemilihan kepala daerah, dan d) pembiaran terhadap perusahaanperusahaan, baik oleh anggota dewan maupun oleh pejabat dalam hal perusakan lingkungan, seperti pencemaran sungai dan penebangan hutan secara liar.Â Â The research is aimed at describing the legislators greediness of Local House of Representative of Riau in â€˜Dewan Kemaruk-Telatah Wak Atan (Greedy House-Wak Atanâ€™s Behaviour)â€™ humorous story collection by using qualitative descriptive method. The data was collected from the humorous story collection of Dewan Kemaruk written by Mosthamir Thalib. After collecting the data, they were classiï¬ ed based on the story contents conformity with the theme whether they are matched or not. For accurate analysis of collected data, content analysis is used. Thus, the intention implied in any humorous story of Dewan Kemaruk could be discussed and interpreted comprehensively. The research result shows that the stories of Dewan Kemaruk contain satire of legislators, high ofï¬ cials, and businessmen. The satires deal with their greedy behaviours seeking for their own or group proï¬ t. The legislator revealed greediness in the story are a) receiving bribe from businessmen, b) rigging project tender, c) proï¬ t orientation during succession of regional head through local election, d) the ignorance of legislators and high ofï¬ cials toward the destructions of environment e.g. river pollution and illegal logging caused by companies.Â
PENGGUNAAN BAHASA MAHASISWA MULTIETNIK DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL (THE USE OF LANGUAGE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SOCIAL MEDIA)
Authors: Maemunah Emma
Published: May 2021

Keberagaman etnik dalam komunitas mahasiswa memunculkan suatu nuansa dan fenomena yang khas dan berbeda dalam penggunaan bahasa. Masyarakat multietnik cenderung menggunakan bahasa yang berbeda-beda ketika berkomunikasi dengan etnik satu dan etnik lainnya. Keberagaman etnik dan bahasa tersebut memungkinkan seseorang menjadi mampu menggunakan lebih dari satu bahasa. Komunikasi saat ini dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai media, salah satunya adalah media sosial. Banyak sekali media sosial yang dapat digunakan untuk berkomunikasi, seperti facebook, twitter, bbm (blackberry messenger), line, dan whatsapp. Penelitian dengan ancangan sosiolinguistik dan metode kualitatif deskriptif ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bahasa yang digunakan dalam komunitas mahasiswa multietnik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa multietnik di Kota Semarang dalam media sosial adalah bahasa Indonesia, bahasa daerah, dan bahasa asing. Kemultietnikan mahasiswa dengan bahasa yang berbeda mengakibatkan penggunaan campur kode. Faktor penyebab penggunaan bahasa tertentu antarmahasiswa multietnik adalah stimulus atau inisiasi yang disampaikan oleh penutur pertama. Selain itu, faktor latar atau situasi bahasa tertentu digunakan, faktor penutur dan petutur yang melakukan percakapan, maksud dan tujuan yang diinginkan oleh penutur dan petutur, bentuk pesan dan isi pesan yang dipilih oleh penutur dan petutur turut memengaruhi bahasa yang digunakan.Â ABSTRACT The ethnical variety in the university student community has brought a unique phenomena and different nuance in their language use. The students in the multiethnic community tend to use various languages to communicate to each other. Those various ethnics and languages would encourage the member of the community to use more than one language. In the other hand, people could communicate nowadays through all sorts of media. One of them is social media. Some of the social medias such as facebook, tweeter, bbm (blackberry messenger), line, and whatsapp could be used as mean of communication. This research uses approach in sociolinguistics and qualitative-descriptive method. The aim of this research is describing the language use in studentsâ€™ multiethnic community. The result shows that the language used in multiethnic students in Semarang in social media is Indonesian, local, and foreign languages. The students in different language multiethnic community used the code-mixing. The factor that causes a certain language use in multiethnic students is the stimulus or the initiation uttered by the ï¬ rst speaker. The other factor such as setting or situation where a certain language used, speaker, and hearer that are involved in the conversation, form and contain of the message chosen by the speaker and the hearer, have also inï¬‚ uence the language used.Â
PROSES MORFOLOGIS BAHASA ALAY (MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF ALAY LANGUAGE)
Authors: Khristiyanti Dian
Published: May 2021

Bahasa merupakan alat untuk berkomunikasi yang bersifat arbitrer. Komunitas alay atau anak layangan menggunakan bahasa alay untuk berkomunikasi di kalangan mereka. Kosakata alay berasal dari bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris yang mereka modiï¬ kasi sehingga terbentuklah kata baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan kata bahasa alay. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, proses morfologis pada bahasa alay adalah singkatan dan akronim, perubahan sebagian vokal dan konsonan, pembalikan susunan fonem, dan pengacuan makna.ABSTRACT Language is a tool for communicating. A language is arbitrary. Alay community using alay language to communicate among them. Alay vocabulary derived from Indonesian and English that they were modiï¬ ed, forming new words. This research uses descriptive method and aims to determine the process of word formation Alay language. Based on the results of the study, morphological processes in language Alay are abbreviations and acronyms, changes in some vowels and consonants, the reversal of the arrangement of phonemes, and that the reference meaning. Â
PENGGUNAAN AKRONIM DALAM PROGRAM KELANA KOTA RADIO RASIKA (ACRONYM USE IN KELANA KOTA RADIO RASIKA PROGRAM)
Authors: Sasti Poetri Mardiana
Published: May 2021

Bahasa Indonesia berkembang pesat di kalangan penuturnya yang sangat kreatif. Salah satu bentuk perkembangan bahasa Indonesia ditunjukkan dengan munculnya berbagai akronim baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pemakaian dan proses pembentukan akronim yang dituturkan oleh penyiar dan pendengar radio Rasika 105.6 FM dalam program Kelana Kota. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan strategis, yaitu (1) pengumpulan atau penyediaan data, (2) analisis data, dan (3) penyajian hasil analisis data. Metode penyediaan data yang digunakan adalah metode simak. Pelaksanaan metode ini diikuti dengan teknik dasar berupa teknik sadap dan teknik lanjutan berupa teknik rekam dan teknik catat. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode padan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sebelas bentuk akronim yang digunakan dalam interaksi antara pendengar dan penyiar radio Rasika 105.6 FM Program Kelana Kota. Akronim yang digunakan, antara lain gatsu, burik, angkot, ramlan, pulkam, lalin, pulker, bangjo, asbun, disbrik, dan kaladan. Akronimakronim tersebut memiliki tujuh pola pembentukan yang berbeda-beda. Tiga di antaranya merupakan pola pembentukan akronim baru.Â ABSTRACT Indonesian language develops rapidly in its very creative speakers. One of the developments is showed by the appearing of the various new acronyms. This research aimed to describe the use and the process of the acronym forming uttered by the broadcaster and the hearer in the Radio Rasika 105.6 FM in Kelana Kota program. There are three strategic stages in this research, (1) collecting data, (2) analizing data, and (3) reporting the result of the data analysis. The data is taken through deep-listening method. The basic technique of this method was tapping and followed by recording and note-taking. The data analysis in this research is described by applying matching method. The results shows that there are eleven acronyms used in the interaction between the hearer and the broadcaster of Rasika 105.6 FM Radio in Kelana Kota program. Some of the acronyms applied in the interaction are gatsu, burik, angkot, ramlan, pulkam, lalin, pulker, bangjo, asbun, disbrik, and kaladan. Those acronyms formed by seven different patterns. Three of them are new patterns in forming the acronym. Â
Comparative Analysis of Engineering Properties of Indus River Sand Concrete with Quarry Dust Concrete, District Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaque Ahmed Pathan  , Maryam Maira  , Arif Ali Khaskheli  , Agha Jamshed Ahmed
Published: May 2021

This study shows the comparative analysis engineering, the physical and mechanical properties of river sand concrete with quarry dust concrete. The selected materials were batched by weight and volume. The water-cement ratio opted as 0.50 1:2:4 for mix ratio was selected for the experimental investigation respectively. The specimens were cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. For the purpose Slump, density, and compressive strength tests were carried out. The river sand concrete showed better results and greater density and compressive strength than quarry dust concrete for all curing ages. The 28 days of curing, river sand concrete rise the required compressive strength by 36%, whereas quarry dust concrete was less than the limit compressive strength by 12%. Both river sand concrete and quarry dust concrete for the selected water/cement ratio and mix ratio has been found suitable for non-structural applications and lightly-loaded members where high strength is not a prerequisite.

Keywords: River Sand; Quarry Dust; Density; Compressive Strength; Concrete
Advanced Glycation end product profile of Diabetic and Non-Diabetic patients with cataract
Authors: Emma-Okon B.O  , Onakpoya O.H  , Kolawole B.A  , Owolabi F.A  , Akinde M.O  , Agunbiade O.J
Published: May 2021

The study determined the levels of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in Nigerian cataract patients with and without diabetes mellitus, those with DM but no cataract as well as apparently healthy controls with a view to further elucidating putative pathophysiologic mechanisms for the occurrence of cataracts among our diabetic population. Participants comprised of 30 diabetic patients with operable cataract, 30 non-diabetic patients with operable cataract, 30 diabetic patients without cataract and 17 healthy controls all matched for age and sex, Glycated Haemoglobin levels in whole blood samples were determined using an affinity assay while fasting blood glucose was estimated by the glucose oxidase reaction. AGE was measured using a competitive ELISA kit while the level of lipid peroxidation in plasma was determined by measuring the reaction products between malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software (version 23). P<0.05 was taken as significant.

The age range of participants was 52-90 years with a mean of 67.2±0.8. Mean levels of AGE were comparable in patients who had diabetes and cataract, those with cataract but no diabetes and those with Diabetes but no cataracts while healthy controls of similar age group had significantly lower levels. Patients with diabetes mellitus and cataract had significantly higher levels of MDA than those with diabetes only. There was positive, significant correlation between AGE and fasting glucose levels. No significant differences existed between AGE and MDA levels in male and female respondents. We conclude that AGE may serve as a useful index of pathologic conditions, including cataract and diabetes.

Keywords: Advanced Glycation End-Products; Cataract; Diabetes; Lipid Peroxidation
Cyanoacetamide derivatives as corrosion inhibitors; Synthesis, Characterization, DFT and Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: A.N. El-hoshoudy  , M. Abd El-Raouf  , M. M. Attya  , Ahmed A. Fadda  , M. Waly
Published: May 2021

Corrosion behavior of X65-type carbon steel exposed to 1M HCl aqueous solution was studied in the absence and presence of various concentrations of new synthesized 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylamide, abbreviated as (P2), and 6-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile, abbreviated as (P3), at 25oC. Potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that the synthesized Cyanoacetamide derivatives suppress both anodic and cathodic reactions via adsorption on the carbon steel surface and blocking the active sites. The adsorption of the inhibitor molecules forms a protective film which decreases the surface heterogeneity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements reveal that as the inhibitor concentration is increased, both the inhibition efficiency (η%) and the charge transfer resistance (Rt) are increased while the electrochemical double layer capacity (Cdl) is decreased. The experimental impedance data were analyzed according to a proposed equivalent circuit model for the electrode/electrolyte interface. Chemical descriptors are calculated through the density functional theory (DFT), also adsorption of inhibitors on the metal surface investigated through Monte Carlo simulation. The mechanism of corrosion inhibition was discussed given the obtained results of surface analysis and the molecular structure of the additive obtained from quantum chemical calculations.

Keywords: Corrosion inhibition; Polarization; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); Surface analysis; Quantum chemical calculations
Preclinical Study of Nanostructured Cubic Liquid Crystalline Formulating of Ulva Fascista Bioactive Polysaccharides against Hepatocirrhosis
Authors: Azza A. Matloub  , Mona M. AbouSamra  , Alaa H. Salama  , Manal A. Hamed  , Sanaa A Ali
Published: May 2021

From our previous study, the aqueous soluble polysaccharides isolated from cold aqueous extract of Ulva fascinate was prepared and represented as the most of its bioactive constituents. The polysaccharides were formulated as autosomal nanoparticles for use as anti-hepatocirrhosis drugs. The formulations were characterized by their encapsulation efficiency, particle size, zeta potential and in vitro release. The selected formulation was subjected to a preclinical study. Serum biomarkers enzymes (aspartate and alanine aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase) were proved the efficacy of the polysaccharides loaded cub some similar to the reference drug; silymarin in addition to its safety on liver. The histopathological examination was conducted to document the biochemical results.
Prevalence and Socio Demographic Characteristics of Disability in Older Adults in China Retrospective Study: A Literature Review
Authors: Wardani Hamidah Retno
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Illness, injury and aging are the main causes of disability in the elderly, elderly people with disabilities experience economic and health stresses, and may also experience mental and psychological distress, and other life difficulties. The aim of this study was to clarify the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of disability in the elderly. Elderly care is a concern of the whole community.

Method: The research method used is a retrospective study, namely research (survey) where the design is used to provide information related to the prevalence, distribution and relationships between variables in a population.

Result: The bivariate relationship between the level of disability in the elderly according to sex, area, age, social status and in different cities was analyzedwith P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The disability rate in adults is 7.0%. Disability rates were significantly higher in women than men, significantly higher in rural areas than urban areas, and higher in northern China than southern China. The urban disability rate ranges from 5.7% to 1.2%. The difference is statistically significant, with Beijing having the highest disability rate and Shanghai the lowest. Defects increase with age.

Conclusion: This study shows that the rate of disability among elderly people in northern China is significantly higher than in southern China
Potential of Herbal Plants Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Retno Wardani Hamidah , Widyarani Destia , Agustin Wulandari Rany , Wicaksi Damon
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The leading cause of death worldwide is responsible for 1.5 million deaths each year. The cause of tuberculosis infection is the tubercle bacillus discovered by Robert Koch in 1882. The organism causing it is Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The spread of new cases is divided in several regions including Southeast Asia and Africa, which are the regions that have the biggest contribution to the prevalence of tuberculosis. So it takes pillars and components of TB control that cover all lines.
Method: This study aims to discuss the potential of herbal plants spread in Indonesia as herbal medicines that have the potential to treat tuberculosis infection. This study uses a literature study method which prepares the same as other research, but the sources and methods of data collection are by taking data from the library, reading, taking notes, and processing research materials.
Result: One of the components that are currently being developed in TB infection intervention methods is the development of herbal medicines for tuberculosis control. The herbal medicines used come from garlic (Allium sativum), Centellaasiatica, beluntas leaves, Hibiscus rosasinensis L., Boechmeria virgate (Forst) Guill, tobacco leaves, Morindacitrifolia L., Javanese wood bark, Spondiaspinnata (Lf)Kurz.
Conclusion: The herbal medicinal ingredients contain major chemicals such as alicin, ajoene, asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, and madecassoside, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic, and triterpenoids which have the ability to have a bactericidal effect to kill the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.
Complementary Feeding with Genesis Stunting in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Salamung Niswa , Anggun Primasari Nessy , Restu Pertiwi Melinda , Riskika Siti
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Stunting is a problem of chronic malnutrition caused by insufficient nutrition in a long time due to feeding that is not in accordance with nutritional needs. One of the problems in feeding infants is the cessation of breastfeeding breastmilk and insufficient complementary feeding. The purpose study literature review is to identify thecomplementary feeding with the incidence of stunting in children.
Method: The authors conducted a relevant literature review in various data using the keywords “complementary feeding, stunting, child”. Data based on SCOPUS, Science Direct, Proquest, Pubmed and Scholar.The criteria consisted of full text published in criteria were five years limit journal (2013-2018) use article using English.
Result:The Results as much as 2.090 articles found, and selected 15 article that suitable with criteria. On the process of the analysis of the articles showed that timely complementary foods, frequency of food and drinks, diversity of foods and drinks associated with the incidence of stunting. in the study of the dietary patterns of all children using the 24-hour recall food questionnaire. Interventions focusing on optimal nutrition during the complementary feeding stage, exclusive breastfeeding, and the use of deworming tablets. Good complementary feeding potential to improve children's nutritional status and can prevent stunting in children after 0-59 month.
Conclusion: stunting is influenced by the accuracy of complementary feeding, exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, frequency of eating and drinking, diversity of iron and vitamin A-rich foods and regular administration of worm medicine.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Families About Covid-19 Prevention in Sipi Village, Sirenja District Donggala
Authors: Mauruh Chely Veronika , Anjeli Resky , Ra’bung Alfrida Semuel , Salamung Niswa , Metungku Fanny , Sari Andi Nur Indah
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) is one of the cases of mysterious pneumonia. The source of the transmission of this case is still not known for sure, but the first case was linked to a fish market in Wuhan. The results of a preliminary survey conducted by researchers on May 16, 2020 in Sipi village, Sirenja District, Donggala, that there was one Sipi village community who was confirmed as Covid-19 due to close contact with one of the people in Tompe village, Sirenja District, Donggala Regency, who was found to be positive Covid-19. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of the public about the prevention of Covid-19.
Method: This research method used descriptive methods with a population of 201 and a sample of 67. The samples were determined using the Nonprobability Sampling technique with a purposive sampling approach.
Result: The results of this study indicate that the public's knowledge of prevention Covid-19 is quite good with a presentation number of 61.8% and the public's attitude regarding the prevention of Covid-19 is still not good with a percentage of 70.1%. It is hoped that families who already have good knowledge and attitudes in preventing Covid-19 will maintain and optimize their knowledge and attitudes to prevent the spread of Covid-19.
Conclusion: Family knowledge regarding the prevention of COVID-19 is in a fairly good category and family attitudes in preventing COVID-19 are in the category of not good enough.
What Makes Teachers Reflective Practitioners? Findings from Remote Schools in Pakistan
Authors: Sajid Ali  , Dr. Haji Karim Khan
Published: May 2021

Reflective practice is considered a key element of teacher learning. The teaching and learning process are considered incomplete without reflective practice. Therefore, teachers are seen as reflective practitioners and researchers. This paper emerges from a qualitative study carried out in private sector schools in remote Pakistan. We collected data from ten teachers in two private schools through interviews, classroom observations, and document reviews. Data analysis was carried out through qualitative methods. Findings showed that teachers regarded reflections and reflective practice very high for their learning as teachers. Teachers used different approaches for reflective practice including reflective journals, students test results, peer observations, and feedback from parents and communities. Findings have important implications for teaching and learning.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND SLEEP QUALITY AMONG COPD PATENTS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Parasuraman Sugunesvaran , Keat Tan Chung , Binti Mohd Marzuki Nurhayati
Published: May 2021

In Malaysia, chronic respiratory disease including COPD is responsible for 7% of the total Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Sleep disturbance in COPD patients is often underestimated and overlooked clinically. Respiratory symptoms caused by COPD often leads to poor sleep quality and insomnia. Poor sleep quality contributes to frequent episodes of exacerbation which directly increases mortality risk. This study aims to determine health-related quality of life and sleep quality among COPD patients and their associations with severity. In this cross-sectional study, 102 COPD patients classified according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease were evaluated. EQ5D and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires were used to assess health-related quality of life and sleep quality respectively. Results showed the severity of COPD is significantly associated (p<0.05) with all 5 dimensions of EQ5D among COPD patients in Kuala Lumpur. In this study, 71 patients (69.9%) were reported to be poor sleepers (PSQI>5) with a mean g l o b a l score of 6.93 ± 4.072. Sleep quality was also found to be significantly associated (p <0.05) with COPD severity, in which patients with lower severity showed better sleep quality. In this study, COPD severity was found to be significantly associated with health-related quality of life. As the disease severity progresses, both quality of life and sleep quality worsens gradually. Findings from this study highlight the importance to consider the quality of life and sleep quality as part of the management plan for COPD patients.
PERCEIVED BODY IMAGE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH BODY MASS INDEX, SELF-ESTEEM, BODY CHANGE STRATEGY, AND SOCIAL NETWORK USAGE AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENTS IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA
Authors: LIANG TUNG WON , MD MIZANUR RAHMAN
Published: May 2021

Body image is a complex and multifaceted construct with multiple associated factors determining its perception among adolescents. This study aimed to determine the perceived body image and its relationship with body mass index, self-esteem, body change strategy, and social network usage among rural adolescents. This study was a cross-sectional study design using a multistage random sampling technique to select adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. A total of 318 adolescents’ data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0 with a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean (SD) age of adolescents was 14.6 (2.7) years with a male and female ratio of 1.09:1. The mean score (SD) of perceived body image was 3.63 (0.87). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender, body mass index, and strategy to increase weight could predict perceived body image among adolescents. However, self-esteem did not correlate with perceived body image. Although, the body image dissatisfaction level was low among rural adolescents compared to other studies in Malaysia. However, it can still pose a threat to adolescents’ health if not addressed accordingly.
Use of seed i125 in the surgical treatment of locally advanced breast cancer with affection of contralateral axillary adenopathy.
Authors: García Reyes A , Fernández Zamora P , López-Cantarero García-Cervantes M , Del Río Lafuente F , Oliva Mompean F
Published: May 2021

El cáncer de mama localmente avanzado supone una entidad poco frecuente que requiere de un abordaje multidisciplinar. La quimioterapia neoadyuvante supone el tratamiento inicial fundamental, seguido de un tratamiento quirúrgico que suele conllevar una mastectomía, estando en debate el rescate axilar. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con cáncer de mama derecha localmente avanzado con afectación axilar derecha y afectación de un ganglio axilar contralateral, a la que el marcaje de la axila contralateral con una semilla de I125 y la demostración de respuesta axilar patológica completa, permitió la realización de BSGC de la axila izquierda, evitando una linfadenectomia axilar.
Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor. Series of two cases.
Authors: Fernández Segovia E , Fernández Segovia F , Acosta Gallardo C , Villar del Moral JM
Published: May 2021

El tumor fibrohistiocítico plexiforme (TFHP) es una neoplasia mesenquimatosa rara de malignidad intermedia, informada por primera vez por Enzinger y Zhang en 1988. Tiene predilección por niños y adultos jóvenes, pero puede ocurrir a cualquier edad. Suele afectar a extremidades superiores y se presenta como una masa indolora de crecimiento lento. Tiene una alta tasa de recurrencia local y la aparición de metástasis es excepcional. Histológicamente, se caracteriza por una masa dérmica o subcutánea mal demarcada con crecimiento plexiforme multinodular y citomorfología fibrohistiocítica. Se requiere una resección quirúrgica completa de la lesión, preferiblemente con márgenes amplios, para prevenir la recurrencia local. Es necesario un seguimiento a largo plazo para detectar cualquier metástasis nodal o pulmonar. Presentamos una serie de dos casos de TFHP que precisaron de ampliación de márgenes quirúrgicos.
Genetics of breast cancer
Authors: García Moreno JL , de la Herranz Guerrero P , Jimenez Ruiz FJ , Guerrero Ramírez JL , Gila Bohórquez A , Suárez Gráu JM , Gómez Menchero J
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se expondrán los elementos genéticos involucrados en el cáncer de mama tanto a nivel somático (en las células de la glándula mamaria) como a nivel germinal (mutaciones heredadas, presentes en todas las células del organismo que predisponen al cáncer de mama), los elementos disponibles en la práctica clínica para aplicar este conocimiento y un esbozo de los avances que están por venir en los próximos años para avanzar en el tratamiento personalizado de las distintas alteraciones genéticas presentes en el cáncer de mama.
Oncoplastic surgery. How do I do it? Choice and design of the pattern.
Authors: Pareja López Á , García Redondo M , Rodríguez Alonso JM , Reina Duarte ÁJ
Published: May 2021

La cirugía oncoplástica está especialmente indicada en mujeres de 50 a 69 años con tumores menores de 2 cm sin componente intraductal extenso donde es posible conseguir una resección R0. Los elementos básicos de la mama son el complejo areola-pezón, el surco submamario y las distancias anatómicas que armonizan la estructura tridimensional. Las pacientes fumadoras, obesas con IMC > 30 y diabéticas con microangiopatía tienen un elevado riesgo de necrosis vascular.

A la hora de planificar la intervención quirúrgica, debemos tener en cuenta dos variables independientes; las características psicofísicas de la paciente y las de su tumor. En función de ellas elegiremos una técnica quirúrgica determinada que, a su vez, supondrá unas limitaciones propias de cada patrón.

La mamoplastia lateral está especialmente indicada en los tumores que afectan al segmento lateral. La mamoplastia circular es una buena opción para tumores centrales, cercanos a la areola. La mamoplastia horizontal es un buen abordaje para lesiones del polo superior y periareolares. La mamoplastia vertical de rama única es un patrón muy versátil que permite resecciones multicéntricas. La mamoplastia vertical de doble rama permite el abordaje directo o indirecto de lesiones situadas en prácticamente cualquier localización. La técnica de Grisotti es una alternativa para la extirpación de lesiones que no permiten conservar el complejo areola-pezón. La mamoplastia de rotación es una cuadrantectomía interna indicada para el abordaje de tumores del cuadrante interno con afectación de la piel.
Resource management in the breast department during COVID-19.
Authors: Salas Murillo J , Pérez Quintero R , Martínez Mojarro R , López Uzquiza E , Balongo García R
Published: May 2021

Los pacientes con cáncer son más susceptibles a las infecciones y es debido al estado inmunosupresor sistémico causado por la malignidad y los tratamientos. La heterogeneidad de la bibliografía publicada muestra que actualmente no existe un enfoque de "talla única" para el manejo de pacientes con cáncer de mama durante esta pandemia. Las grandes disparidades en la práctica clínica subrayan la gestión compleja de muchas situaciones clínicas y organizativas diferentes y requieren pautas consensuadas basadas en la evidencia.
Detraction of Diclofenac-Associated Hepatotoxicity by Fresh Beet Root Juice in Male Albino Mice
Authors: Alhazani Tahani Mohamad , Aldahmash Badr Abdullah , El-Nagar Doaa Mohamed , Ibrahim Khalid Elfaki , Anifowose Saheed Olaide , Rady Ahmed Mostafa
Published: May 2021

The beet root as dietary supplement hepatoprotective ability has gained interest in recent days. The present study was designed to determine the potential hepatoprotective effect of beet root juice as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent to eliminate the hepatotoxic effect of diclofenac as wide spread analgesic agent. Male albino mice were divided randomly into 4 groups, the 1st group served as control group, the 2nd group received 8 mL/kg of freshly prepared beet root juice, the 3rd group received oral administration 20 mg/kg of diclofenac and the 4th group pre-treated with beet root before one-hour diclofenac administration for 30 days. Biochemical results revealed sharp significant raised levels of liver enzymes level (AST, ALT, ALP and GGT) in the 3rd group that received diclofenac, besides to marked pathological changes manifested by high pathological scoring system such as hepatocytes degeneration, ballooning, infiltration and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis elucidated massive incidence of MDA as an indicator of oxidative stress, moreover great number of neutrophils were seen as main component of inflammation. Whereas, pre-treatment of beet root juice one hour before diclofenac resulted in significant decrease of liver enzymes, clear attenuation of pathological features, decrease of pathological score. A great reduction of MDA in liver tissue and number of neutrophils stained histochemically. It was concluded that beet root juice possessed beneficial hepatoprotective role against diclofenac, as significant anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Leaves Extract of Artemisia sieberi and Calotropis procera
Authors: Salmen Saleh H. , Alkammash Nadiah Matluq , Alahmadi Tahani Awad , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali
Published: May 2021

The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has increased recently leading to the need for novel, natural antibacterial agents such as plant-synthesized silver nanoparticles. Such synthesis is safe, cheap, rapid, non-toxic and environmentally friendly. In this study, characterization of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from extracts of A. sieberi and C. procera was carried out using transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Spherical nanoparticles with an average size was ~10 nm for A. sieberi and ~14 nm for C. procera were synthesised; synthesis was most effective using A. sieberi. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was carried out using the agar-diffusion method and by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, with silver nanoparticles extracts from A. sieberi being the most antibacterial.
Effect of Salinization by NaCl on the Growth of African Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
Authors: Aleman Luis , Combatt Enrique , Arrieta Alvaro
Published: May 2021

It is necessary to know the effect of excessive salinity in the soil on the growth of the African palm crop. The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of salinity caused by NaCl on the growth and absorption of nutrients in the oil palm crop in early growth stage. The research was carried out in the laboratories of the University of Cordoba, where the 16 kg experimental units were made up of a mixture of alluvium and rice husk in a ratio of 4: 1. A complete randomized design was used with six treatments and a control (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.6, and 6.1 cmolc kg-1 Na) and four repetitions. The data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and regression. The results report that the salinity in the soil that originates with the application of 2.5 cmolc kg-1 of Na produces in the soil an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.96 dS m-1. Consequently, a drastic reduction in the quantified biomass of dry mass of stem, leaf, roots, rachis and leaf area originates, and the models that express this trend were adjusted to decreasing linear regressions with their highly significant parameters. Salinity interferes with the absorption of nutritional elements, such as N, K+ and Mg2+, and foliar nitrogen is the nutrient with the highest sensitivity to variations in EC in the soil. Foliar phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) concentrations were not affected by salinity levels.
Zoledronic Acid Enhances the Chemotherapeutic Efficiency of 5-fluorouracil or Flutamide in Prostate Cancer Cells with Modulation of miR-382 and miR-18a Expression
Authors: Yehia Amr M. , Eldeib Mahmoud G. , Mohamadin Ahmed M. , El-Zahab Mohammed M.
Published: May 2021

Owing to a lack of appropriate therapeutic regimens, prostate cancer (PC) is a global health concern with a high incidence and mortality rate in elderly men. Combination treatment seems to have the highest clinical benefit and avoids unwanted side effects. The current study focused on the chemotherapeutic efficacy of Zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or Flutamide on prostate cancer cells, as well as its effect on apoptosis. The MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of Zoledronic acid (ZA), 5-FU, and flutamide on PC-3 and DU-145 cells, as well as the combined therapy of ZA with 5-FU or flutamide. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining analysis was used to assess changes in Bcl-2 and p53 expression. Furthermore, the western blotting method was extensively used to evaluate Bax, caspase 3, and cyclin D1. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to determine the relative expression of miRNA-382 (miR-382) and miRNA-18a (miR-18a). Instead of (13.47, 8.23, and 9.42 μM) for PC-3 or (38.77, 17.6, and 8.47 μM) for DU145 cells, the combination therapy improved cytotoxicity with doses approximately half of IC50 (6.74, 4.12, and 7.07 μM) in PC-3 and (19.38, 8.8, and 6.33 μM) in DU145 cells for ZA, 5-FU, and flutamide, respectively. When compared to a single therapy, the combination therapy significantly up-regulated the pro-apoptotic Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and p53 levels while down-regulated the cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 expression. In addition, the combination therapy was linked to changes in miR-382 and miR-18a expression. Our findings suggest that combining ZA with 5-FU or flutamide improves chemotherapeutic efficacy against prostate cancer cells, at least in part by encouraging apoptosis and modulating miRNA expression, especially miR-382 and miR-18a.
El derecho a la protección internacional en España: hacia una necesaria reforma legal
Authors: Viguri Cordero Jorge Agustín
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo tiene por objeto facilitar el trabajo de adaptación del ordenamiento jurídico español relativo al derecho a la protección internacional (asilo y protección subsidiaria) a las normas comunitarias que están actualmente en proceso de discusión y que conformarán la futura tercera fase del Sistema Europeo Común de asilo. Una serie de instrumentos jurídicos que dotarán a los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales de un alto nivel de uniformidad y coherencia, principalmente, en virtud de la apuesta decidida por transformar las directivas de procedimientos y de reconocimiento en reglamentos comunitarios.
Para dicho estudio, con la excepción del Sistema de Dublín, se analizan las propuestas de la Comisión de los años 2016 y 2020 y se indican aquellas novedades más destacables que debería prever la futura Ley española de Asilo y de la Protección Subsidiaria y su Reglamento de desarrollo.
El Tribunal Constitucional Español y el diálogo judicial europeo
Authors: Sarmiento Daniel
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo analiza el impacto que ha tenido el Derecho de la Unión Europea en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional español. Se expone la gradual incorporación del Derecho de la Unión como un parámetro de enjuiciamiento en el canon de constitucionalidad, empezando por su uso como criterio de interpretación, hasta integrarse en preceptos constitucionales, como el artículo 24 de la Constitución. Asimismo, el artículo analiza la relación entre el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y el Tribunal Constitucional, como dos jurisdicciones que operan en planos diferentes, pero unidas por intereses y normas comunes.
La declaración de compatibilidad del impuesto sobre el valor de producción de la energía eléctrica (IVPEE) con el Derecho de la Unión Europea: asunto Oliva Park (Sentencia del TJUE de 3 de marzo de 2021, C-220/19)
Authors: Alonso García Ricardo , Almudí Cid José Manuel
Published: May 2021

El Impuesto sobre el Valor de la Producción de la Energía Eléctrica, aprobado en el año 2012, ha sido cuestionado tanto desde la perspectiva del ordenamiento constitucional como del Derecho de la Unión Europea. Recientemente, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea se ha pronunciado sobre esta cuestión declarando la compatibilidad del impuesto español con el Derecho de la Unión Europea, precisando el concepto de impuesto indirecto en el ámbito de los impuestos especiales y el alcance de las obligaciones de los Estados a la hora de introducir beneficios fiscales motivados por objetivos medioambientales de la Unión Europea.
Community-Acquired Pneumonia of Bacterial Etiology and the Spectrum of Pathogen Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Corona-Positive and Corona-Negative Patients in Rostov-on-Don
Authors: Pavlovich N. V. , Tsymbalistova М. V. , Aronova N. V. , Anisimova A. S. , Vodopyanov S. О. , Vodopyanov А. S. , Gudueva E. N. , Sagakyants М. М. , Kovalev Е. V. , Noskov A. К.
Published: May 2021

Relevance. In the context of the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus infection, the course of viral pneumonia is often complicated by the addition of bacterial microflora due to a decrease in the body's immune status. The causative agents of such a co-infection can exhibit multiple drug resistance, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of etiotropic therapy. In this regard, it seems expedient to provide microbiological support to patients in order to select the most optimal treatment regimens. 

Aim. To study the composition of bacterial pathogens’ species, that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in corona-positive (COVID-19+) and corona-negative (COVID-19–) patients and to determine the spectrum of their sensitivity/resistance to antibacterial drugs. 

Material and methods. The species composition of microorganisms in sputum samples from 723 patients with CAP, who were admitted from the healthcare facility in Rostov-on-Don in August and December 2020 were studied. The isolated cultures were identified using bacteriological and mass spectrometric methods. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method. 

Results. It was shown that in August pneumococci and  staphylococci prevailed in the spectrum of CAP pathogens, while in December the percentage of excretions of Acinetobacter spp. and S. haemolyticus increased. Various types of p. Candida yeast were found with a high degree of isolation, COVID-19 + patients showed a tendency towards greater contamination (I104 mcl/ml). Some pathogens (A.baumannii, S.haemolyticus, P.aeruginosa, S.maltophilia) are characterized by polydrug resistance, and some strains of these species are pan-resistant to all groups of antibiotics. 

Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate that severe forms of community-acquired pneumonia can be caused by viral-bacterial and viral-bacterial-yeast combinations of pathogens, including bacteria with a narrow spectrum of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.