bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulated Effects of Winter Wheat Cover Crop on Cotton Production Systems of the Texas Rolling Plains
Authors: Adhikari Pradip , Omani Nina , Ale Srinivasulu , DeLaune Paul B. , Thorp Kelly R. , Barnes Edward M. , Hoogenboom Gerrit
Published: December 2017

Abstract

. Interest in cover crops has been increasing in the Texas Rolling Plains (TRP) region, mainly to improve soil health. However, there are concerns that cover crops could potentially reduce soil water and thereby affect the yield of subsequent cash crops. Previous field studies from this region have demonstrated mixed results, with some showing a reduction in cash crop yield due to cover crops and others indicating no significant impact of cover crops on subsequent cotton fiber yield. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the CROPGRO-Cotton and CERES-Wheat modules within the cropping system model (CSM) of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) for the TRP region, and (2) use the evaluated model to assess the long-term effects of growing winter wheat as a cover crop on water balances and seed cotton yield under irrigated and dryland conditions. The two DSSAT crop modules were calibrated using measured data on soil water and crop yield from four treatments: (1) irrigated cotton without a cover crop (CwoC-I), (2) irrigated cotton with winter wheat as a cover crop (CwC-I), (3) dryland cotton without a cover crop (CwoC-D), and (4) dryland cotton with a winter wheat cover crop (CwC-D) at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Station at Chillicothe from 2011 to 2015. The average percent error (PE) between the CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton simulated and measured seed cotton yield was -10.1% and -1.0% during the calibration and evaluation periods, respectively, and the percent root mean square error (%RMSE) was 11.9% during calibration and 27.6% during evaluation. For simulation of aboveground biomass by the CSM-CERES-Wheat model, the PE and %RMSE were 8.9% and 9.1%, respectively, during calibration and -0.9% and 21.8%, respectively, during evaluation. Results from the long-term (2001-2015) simulations indicated that there was no substantial reduction in average seed cotton yield and soil water due to growing winter wheat as a cover crop. Keywords: CERES-Wheat, Cover crop, Crop simulation model, CROPGRO-Cotton, DSSAT, Seed cotton yield, Soil water.
Impedance-Based Moisture Content Sensor Assessment for Gas-Phase Biofilter Media
Authors: Zheng Zhonghua , Yang Liangcheng , Gates Richard S. , Wu Jing , Wang Xinlei
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

A woodchip-based gas-phase biofilter is capable of mitigating livestock airborne ammonia efficiently with low cost. Control of the moisture content (MC) of biofilter media is critical for ammonia mitigation and limiting nitrous oxide generation. It is important to monitor the real-time biofilter MC to maintain biofilter performance. The objectives of this study were to further develop and evaluate impedance-based MC measurement and to improve methodologies to monitor the MC of gas-phase biofilters. A sensor consisting of a sensing unit (three perforated parallel plates) and a circuit generating DC voltage output was used to measure MC. The sensor readings changed significantly with stepwise MC increases, particle size distribution, and nitrogen (ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen) concentrations in biofilter media. A mathematical model was developed for the relationship between the sensor reading and MC. A statistical model was established to predict the MC in biofilter media based on the sensor reading, ammonia-nitrogen concentration, and nitrate-nitrogen concentration. Keywords: Gas-phase biofilter, Impedance, Moisture sensor, Nitrogen compounds, Particle size distribution.
Simulation of the Responses of Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Irrigation
Authors: Espadafor Mónica , Couto Lairson , Resende Morethson , Henderson Delbert W. , García-Vila Margarita , Fereres Elías
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

AquaCrop is a crop simulation model developed by the FAO aimed at assessing the yield response to water supply. Once the model is calibrated and validated, it is a useful tool to simulate crop yields under different management options or climatic and soil conditions. Until now, AquaCrop has not been parameterized for dry beans ( L.), and thus our objective was to calibrate and validate the model for this crop using experiments performed 40 years ago at Davis, California. A set of parameters derived from the calibration with one irrigation experiment was used to validate the model using five experiments carried out in 1977 and 1978 that had treatments vastly differing in irrigation depth and frequency. Yield predictions over a wide range of values (<1 to 3.5 t ha-1) were very good, with RMSE of 0.16 t ha-1 and Willmott’s d of 0.978. Seasonal ET was also accurately predicted by the model (RMSE = 40 mm, d = 0.930), as also evidenced by comparing the lysimeter measured ET of 489 mm against the lysimeter simulated ET of 501 mm. Canopy cover and the time course of biomass were adequately simulated as well. Even though total soil water extraction was well simulated, the simulated soil water distribution with depth differed from measured values in the dryland treatment. We conclude that AquaCrop can now be used for the simulation of dry beans in different environments, and we emphasize the value of carefully conducted field experiments for the validation of crop simulation models. Keywords: AquaCrop, Calibration and validation, Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Irrigation, Simulation model, Water stress.
The surgical personality: does it exist?
Authors: Whitaker Matthew
Published: December 2017

Introduction

This study aims to answer the question of whether surgeons have different personalities to non-surgeons.

Methods

Members of the Royal College of Surgeons of England were sent an email survey containing 50 standard questions from the Five Factor personality assessment, which scores each respondent in five key personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, extroversion). Results were analysed and compared with a population-level data set from a survey conducted by the BBC.

Results

Five hundred and ninety-nine surgeons completed the survey. Analysis showed that surgeons scored significantly higher for conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness and neuroticism than non-surgeons (P < 0.05). Further analysis showed that female surgeons scored higher in openness and extroversion relative to the population average and that surgeons become more prone to neuroticism than non-surgeons as they age.

Conclusions

The results support the notion of a surgical personality, as well as indicating that female surgeons have significantly different personality profiles from male surgeons, and that age affects surgeons’ personalities in different ways to non-surgeons.
Reviews
Authors: Elsheshtawy Yasser , Girardelli Paolo , Ray Sugata
Published: December 2017

UNDER CONSTRUCTION: LOGICS OF URBANISM IN THE GULF REGION, Steffen WIPPEL, KATRIN BROMBER, CHRISTIAN STEINER, AND BIRGIT KRAWIETZ, EDS (2014) Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, xxiv, 291 pp., b&w and col. illus., maps ISBN: 9781472412881, $127.00 (hardback)

UAE AND THE GULF: ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM NOW, KEVIN MITCHELL AND GEORGE KATODRYTIS, EDS (2015) London: John Wiley & Sons, 144 pp., illus., maps ISBN: 9781118759066, 32.90 (paperback)

LANDSCAPES OF DEVELOPMENT: THE IMPACT OF MODERNIZATION DISCOURSES ON THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN, PANAYIOTA I. PYLA, ED. (2013) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 216 pp., 50 b&w illus., ISBN 9780977122448, $24.95 (paperback)

ARTISANS, SUFIS, SHRINES: COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE IN NINETEENTH CENTURY PUNJAB, HUSSAIN AHMAD KHAN (2015) London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 256 pp., 20 b&w illus. and 2 maps, ISBN: 9781784530143, $99.00 (hardback)
Reordering Nature: Power Politics in the Mughal Shikargah
Authors: Parpia Shaha
Published: December 2017

The Mughal shikargah (hunting ground) defies conventional spatial and functional definitions. Although fragmentary, references to the imperial shikargah in Indo- Mughal literature, memoirs, biographies, gazetteers, and documents suggest that the typology of the shikargah cannot be reduced simply to one form of natural terrain; nor was hunting game its sole purpose. The shikargah was conceptualized to accommodate multifarious functions. Whether areas of wilderness or dedicated preserves, the spaces used for hunting were transformed into public arenas in which the emperors could enact the hunt. In addition, other alterations to the natural environment enabled the occurrence of courtly activities. As the stage for imperial ceremonials and for the meting out of justice, or as sites of encampment and halting during royal inspection tours, the shikargah was inextricably linked to the administration and bureaucracy of the Mughal Empire. The hunt was also a pretext to mobilize armies for reconnaissance and intimidation of restive provinces, during which the shikargah became a venue for military training and armed intervention. Using the framework of the hunt to interpret natural landscapes, this article aims to examine the physical and political processes of modification underlying the Mughal shikargah, those that carried with them semiotics of political power and control.
A NEW SPECIES OF APPENDICULA SECTION PODODESME (ORCHIDACEAE) FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Wibowo Aninda Retno Utami , Juswara Lina Susanti
Published: December 2017

WIBOWO, A.R.U. & JUSWARA, L.S. 2017. A new species of Appendicula section Pododesme (Orchidaceae) from Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16 (2): 65–71. - A new species, Appendicula cordata (sect. Pododesme) from eastern Indonesia, is described and illustrated. Its habit is similar to that of Appendicula infundibuliformis J. J. Sm., but it differs in having flowers with a cordate appendage and a lip reflexed to the right. An identification key to the species of Appendicula sect. Pododesme, a distribution map, photos and line drawing are also provided.
THE GENUS LASIANTHUS (RUBIACEAE) IN WAWONII ISLAND, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI, INDONESIA
Authors: Rugayah T.Rugayah , Sunarti Siti
Published: December 2017

RUGAYAH & SUNARTI, S. 2017. The genus Lasianthus (Rubiaceae) in Wawonii Island, Sountheast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16 (2): 97–101. — Recent botanical excursions carried out at Wawonii island, Southeast Sula-wesi yielded two Lasianthus novelties distinct from other Lasianthus species enumerated for Sulawesi. These two new species are described here as Lasianthus wawoniiensis Rugayah & Sunarti and L. macrobracteatus Rugayah & Sunarti. Descriptions and illustrations of the two new species are provided, including an identification key to all Lasianthus species occurring in the area.
POA OPINATA (GRAMINEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM G. BINAIYA, CERAM, MOLUCCAS, INDONESIA
Authors: J.F. VELDKAMP
Published: December 2017

VELDKAMP, J. F. 2017. Poa opinata (Gramineae), a new species from G. Binaiya, Ceram, Moluccas, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16 (2): 73–75. — Poa species is described from Ceram, Moluccas and compared to Poa languidior from New Guinea.
LOTUS CORNICULATUS L. IS A PERSPECTIVE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LOTUS L.
Authors: Змеева (Zmeeva) Ольга (Ol'ga) Николаевна (Nikolaevna) , Коломиец (Kolomiets) Наталья (Natal'ja) Эдуардовна (Eduardovna) , Абрамец (Abramets) Наталья (Natal'ja) Юрьевна (Yur'evna) , Бондарчук (Bondarchuk) Руслан (Ruslan) Анатольевич (Anatol'evich)
Published: December 2017

These materials contain an overview of the most significant publications on the hare (Lotus corniculatus L.) – one of the species of the genus Lotus L., widespread in the territory of the Russian Federation, both in the wild and in culture. The prospect of Lotus corniculatus is confirmed by information about its extensive range of information about the use in the folk medicine of many countries, veterinary science, resistance to disease, the ability to grow and give high yields on different types of soils, high fodder value and melliferous value. Chemical composition of wild and cultivated of Lotus corniculatus was studied in detail. The horned lamb is a rich source of biologically active substances: proteins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, steroids, phytoalexins, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolcarbonic acids, derivatives of anthracene, macro - and micronutrients. The diverse chemical composition of the lapwing explains the wide range of its pharmacological activity (antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, wound-healing, antiproliferative), use in agriculture, folk medicine, veterinary medicine, cosmetology, and also substantiates the perspectivity of the species for further scientific and practical phytochemical and pharmacological research.
THE RESEARCH OF THE SPECTRUM OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE FLAVONOIDS GRASS HYPERICUM PERFORA-TUM L. FLORA OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Хуснетдинова (Khusnetdinova) Ландыш (Landysh) Завдетовна (Zavdetovna) , Акулов (Akulov) Антон (Anton) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) , Дубровная (Dubrovnaya) Светлана (Svetlana) Алексеевна (Alekseevna)
Published: December 2017

The article presents the results of the study of the dependence of the flavonoid content of the herb Hypericum perforatum L., from growth conditions of cenopopulations in various ecological, cenotic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. Plant biocenosis were considered – meadows, Border of broadleaf and pine forest or artificial planting of pine. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids in the herb of  Hypericum perforatum was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography. In studying water-alcohol extracts of H. perforatum L.  flavonoids – rutin, quercetin, bisapigenin were identified by HPLC analysis. It is shown that the ecological, cenotic conditions of growth of Hypericum perforatum affect the quantitative content of phenolic compounds. It has been established that in investigated cenopopulations in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, rutin is the dominant flavonoid in medicinal plant raw materials. Maximum amount of this compound detected in the samples of Hypericum perforatum confined to the pine  biocenosis of Tukaevsky and Drozhzhanovsky districts under significant quantity level of quercetin. In all variants of the experiment, bisapiginin was detected in small amounts. Plants of Hypericum perforatum, grow in different plant  biocenosis differed in the various contents of the compounds of the phenolic complex, which is probably due to the ecological, cenotic and climatic conditions of growth.
STUDY OF SOME PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF THE COMMON SORREL AERAL PART, GROWING IN THE AL-TAI TERRITORY
Authors: Федосеева (Fedoseeva) Людмила (Ljudmila) Михайловна (Mihajlovna) , Кутателадзе (Kutateladze) Георгий (Georgij) Родионович (Rodionovich)
Published: December 2017

Common sorrel (Rumex acetosa L.), Polygonaceae family, two-year herbaceous plant, contains a complex of biologically active compounds, based on phenolic compounds (flavonoids, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, tannins). Since ancient times it has been used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, astringent. The purpose of this work is to study the composition of phenolic compounds of the aerial part of common sorrel, which grows on the territory of the Altai Territory. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: performe of qualitative reactions on phenolic compounds different groups, separation and identification of phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography.The results of qualitative reactions allow to suggest the presence of flavonoids flavone and flavanol groups,  anthracene derivatives of the chrysacin group, coumarins and condensed tannins in aerial part.High-performance liquid chromatography of common sorrel aerial part ethanol extract (extrctant – 70% ethanol) were used to identify the flavonoids of the flavanol group: kaempferol and quercetin derivatives, anthracene derivatives of the chrysacin group.The studies are aimed at studying the possibility of using the aeral part of common sorrel in medicine. Based on the conducted studies, the development of normative documentation for medicinal plant raw materials is being carried out.
FLAVONOIDS OF RUSSOWIA SOGDIANA (BGE). FEDSCH.
Authors: Тожибоев (Tozhiboev) Мадаминжан (Madaminzhon) Мирзажанович (Mirzazhonovich) , Усманова (Usmanova) Галия (Galija) Абусагитовна (Abusagitovna) , Ботиров (Botirov) Эркин (Jerkin) Хожиакбарович (Hozhiakbarovich)
Published: December 2017

Flavonoids are important and even the most active principles of plants and herbal preparations used in folk and scientific medicine as bile, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antiallergic and vasodilating agents. The article is devoted to the study of flavonoids of the aboveground part of Russowia sogdiana (Bunge) B. Fedtsch. family Asteraceae. Russowia sogdiana is an annual herbaceous plant, found on the outcrops of variegated rocks in the lower belt of the Central Asian mountains. From the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract of the aerial part of the aboveground part of the plant, seven individual flavonoids were first isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Based on the results of acid hydrolysis and oxidation with a solution of iron (III) chloride, IR, UV, 1H, and 13C NMR data and mass spectra and a comparison of physicochemical constants with literature data, the compounds obtained were identified with known flavonoids apigenin, quercetin, isorhamnin, quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isorhamnetin-7-О-β-D-glucopyranoside, saponaretin and vitexin.
INVESTIGATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PEAT LIPIDS AND SAPROPELS FROM WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Сизова (Sizova) Наталия (Natalija) Витальевна (Vital'evna) , Стрельникова (Strel’nikova) Евгения (Evgenija) Борисовна (Borisovna) , Русских (Russkikh) Ирина (Irina) Владимировна (Vladimirovna)
Published: December 2017

The antioxidant activity of lipids extracted from peats and sapropels from Tomsk and Novosibirsk Regions and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug is estimated by microcalorimetry. The presence of antioxidants (AO) in the lipids of all peats under study and in a sapropel from the Dolgoye Lake is confirmed by the presence of an induction period (950–14000 s) on the heat release curve and the decrease in the final rate of the model reaction of the initiated cumene oxidation by 25–90%. The total amount of lipid antioxidants varying within the range (22–183)∙10-3 mol/kg is determined by the degree of inhibition of the oxidation reaction. The concentration of identified organic compounds (25–186 μg/g) including alkanes, fatty acids, steroids, terpenoids, and tocopherols is determined by chromatography-mass spectrometry, which correlates with the amount of AO in the peat. It is shown that the samples of initial peats are ordered by their antioxidant activity as follows: sphagnum fuscum > cotton grass > lowland wood > sphagnum phallax. Sphagnum fuscum peats are characterized by the maximum biological activity, which makes it possible to recommend them as an optimal raw material for practical use.
MOLECULAR-MASS DISTRIBUTION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES AND HYMATOMELANIC ACIDS FROM DIF-FERENT ORIGIN PEATS OF THE TULA REGION
Authors: Дмитриева (Dmitrieva) Елена (Elena) Дмитриевна (Dmitrievna) , Леонтьева (Leontyeva) Мария (Marija) Михайловна (Mihajlovna) , Сюндюкова (Siundiukova) Кристина (Kristina) Викторовна (Viktorovna)
Published: December 2017

Humic substances were isolated from different origin peats of the Tula region: reed fen peat (RFP), sphagnum high-moor peat (SHP), black alder fen peat (BFP), sphagnum transition peat (STP) by water-alkaline extraction. The yield of humic substances from reed fen peat is maximal and comes in at 11,1±0,2%; The minimum yield is from sphagnum transition peat 7,4±0,2%, which is explained by the degree of transformation of the initial biomaterial and the conditions of occurrence of peats. Analyzed peats are in a row according to the content of humic substances: RFP>SHP>BFP>STP. The yields of hymatomelanic acids come in at 23,3–25,3%. Polydispersity of humic substances and monodispersity of hymatomelanic acids have been proved by gel-penetrating chromatography. Four fractions differing in their molecular masses and relative content were obtained from humic substances of peats regardless of their origin. Values of the molecular masses of the fractions of HS of BFP are dominant and 25% higher than of the fractions of HS of RFP. Sphagnum peats have a similar qualitative composition and, as a consequence, have similar molecular masses of isolated humic substances correlating with the degree of peat decomposition and with the yields of humic substances. Hymatomelanic acids are one fraction: the molecular weight of GMAs of BFP is 42 kDa, which is 44% higher than of GMAs STP. The correlation between the degree of humification and peat's genesis was revealed. It was shown that the amount of hymatomelanic acids in humic substances of peats can be marker of phases of humification of peats.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF POLYMER COMPLEXES OF ETHACYZIN WITH CARBOX-YMETHYLCELLULOSE
Authors: Хайтметова (Khaytmetova) Саида (Saida) Бакижановна (Bakizhanovna) , Шомуротов (Shomurotov) Шавкат (Shavkat) Абдуганиевич (Abduganievich) , Тураев (Turaev) Аббасхан (Abbashan) Сабирханович (Sabirhanovich)
Published: December 2017

Last years intensive researches on creation of new prolonged preparations on the basis of natural polymeric carriers with the improved physical and chemical and pharmacological properties have been conducted.One of approaches to the decision of the given problem is inclusion in a matrix of the polymeric carrier known medicinal preparations that will allow purposefully change their properties and activity. Natural polymers, in particular, polysaccharides, unlike synthetic polymers, are biocompatible and do not show collateral toxic effects in a contact with alive organism, and at the same time can improve bioavailability and prolonged action.Carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule (CMC) as the carrier for physiologically active substance has great value, thanking its properties such as non-toxicity, biodegradability and etc.With the purpose of obtaining of the prolonged preparation possessing anti-arrhythmic action, an interaction of Na-CMC with well known anti-arrhythmic preparation of ethacyzin hydrochloride (ETH) is investigated.Na-CMC having various molecular weight, received by hydrolysis of industrial Na-CMC was used as a polymeric carrier. It is shown, that by the variation of time and molar ratio of mineral acid of system during the process of hydrolysis creates possibility of regulation by the molecular characteristics of polymeric matrix of Na-CMC.For the first time, a process of synthesis of with the various contents of medicinal components is investigated at a variation of molecular structure of polymer of carrier Na-CMC.Pharmaco-toxicological studies showed that the polymeric complexes CMC with ETH possess low toxicity in a comparison with ethacyzin, and that, it shows expressed anti-arrhythmic action. An anti-arrhythmic activity of polymeric complex of CMC with ETH is equal to the activity of ETH, but considerably exceeds it on pharmacological properties that prove perspectives of the further researches on it as a prolonged anti-arrhythmic means.
Synthesis, spectral characterization (FT-IR and NMR) and DFT (Conformational analysis, molecular structure, HOMO-LUMO, UV-vis, NLO) computational studies on 2,2â€™-((1E,1â€™E)-phenazine-2,3 dilbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanyly- lidene))diphenol
Authors: A Prabhakaran , E Dhinesh kumar , D Rajaraman , M Arockia doss
Published: December 2017

A new Schiff base was synthesized for the first time by the phenazine-2,3-diamine and 2-hydroxy benzaldedye in ethanol (1:1). The structure of Schiff bases was experimentally characterized by using UV-vis, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods. Further, the synthesized compound was subjected to DFT for better understanding of the molecular architecture and optoelectronic properties. The optimized geometric parameters supported the available experimental values. The Mulliken and MEP analyses are utilized to identify reactive sites of title molecule. The energetic behaviors of compound 3 in hexane, chloroform, methanol solvents and gas phase were examined using by time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) method by applying the polarizable continuum model (PCM). The calculated Î”E energies exposed that charge transfer takes place within the molecule. In addition to the polarizability and hyperpolarizability have been calculated which exhibit that compounds possess non-linear optical nature.
Bacteriological and hydrogeochemical investigation of surface water and groundwater in Ikare- Akoko, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunribido Tolulope
Published: December 2017

Ikare Akoko is underlain by the Pre - Cambrian Basement Complex rocks of Southwestern Nigeria and is about 6 kilometers away from Akungba Akoko that host Adekunle Ajasin University. The present study is to assess the quality of natural water for drinking and domestic purposes; perhaps they are susceptible to pollution due to increasing population. Fifteen water samples were collected from both surface water and groundwater during the onset of the dry season for physico â€“ chemical and bacteriological analysis at the Central Research laboratory of Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba â€“ Akoko. The results indicate low pH, low total dissolved solids and low suspended solids. The concentration of total iron, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulphate, bicarbonate and chloride are within the limit of WHO drinking water standard. Lead in most of the samples was below the detection limit but not higher than 0.1mg/L and also within the WHO limit of 0.3 mg/L. The bacteriological constituents of the water samples range between 15 and 30 cfu/ ml indicating bacterial contamination and sources may be due to water contact with cesspits or septic tanks. Therefore water in the study area requires microbial disinfection to upgrade its quality for drinking purposes. Piperâ€™s diagram revealed that the hydrogeochemical evolution of water samples in this study area is Ca â€“HCO3- , this water have some salinity. Gibbâ€™s diagram showed that the concentration of the dissolved chemical constituents were as a result of dissolution of host rock minerals due to water â€“ rock interaction.
Examination of the constraints and facilitators to physical activity participation of individuals
Bireylerin fiziksel aktiviteye katılımını engelleyen ve kolaylaştıran faktörlerin belirlenmesi
Authors: Sarol Halil
Published: December 2017

This study aims to determine the factors which constraint and facilitate individuals’ participation to physical activities. Sample group of the study consist of 691 individuals who live in different districts of Ankara and chosen by random sampling method. In the study “Leisure Constraints Scale-18” is used to determine the factors that constraint individuals’ participation to physical activities and “Leisure Facilitators Scale” to determine the factors that facilitate the individuals’ participation to physical activities. As a statistical method frequency, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, single factorial MANOVA, and Pearson Correlation tests were used. According to the analysis results, it is determined that “Intrinsic Facilitators” is a factor that affects women to participate physical activity and has a higher role in constraining single participants to join physical activity. Furthermore, it is revealed that perceptions of constraint decrease with the increase in participants’ level of income. As a result, the most important factor that constraints individuals’ participation to physical activity is “Structural Constraints” and the most important factor that facilitates is “Intrapersonal Facilitators”.  Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı bireylerin fiziksel aktivitelere katılımını engelleyen/kısıtlayan ve kolaylaştıran faktörleri belirlemektir. Çalışmanın örneklem grubunu Ankara ilindeki farklı ilçelerde ikamet eden ve basit tesadüfi örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen 691 birey oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada bireylerin fiziksel aktivitelere katılımını engelleyen/kısıtlayan faktörleri belirlemek için “Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği-18” ve kolaylaştıran faktörlerin belirlenmesi için “Serbest Zaman Kolaylaştırıcıları Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma; ANOVA, tek faktörlü MANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, “Yapısal Kolaylaştırıcılar” ın kadınların fiziksel aktiviteye katılımlarına etki eden önemli bir unsur olduğu ve bekâr katılımcılar için fiziksel aktiviteye katılımı engellemedeki rolünün daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların gelir düzeylerindeki artışla birlikte engel algılarının azaldığı da bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, bireylerin fiziksel aktiviteye katılımını engelleyen en önemli unsurun “Yapısal Engeller”, katılımlarını kolaylaştıran en önemli faktörün ise “Bireysel Kolaylaştırıcılar” olduğu ifade edilebilir.
On the nomenclature of fossil Aspleniopteris, Carpinicarpus, Comptonia, Comptoniphyllum and Dryandrophyllum (Myricaceae)
Authors: Doweld Alexander B.
Published: December 2017

Comptonia comptoniifolia(Brongn.) Doweld, comb. nov., based on the recently rediscoveredPhyllites comptoniifoliusBrongn., is reinstated based upon priority as the earliest validly published species name in place of the previously incorrectly usedC. acutilobaBrongn. andC. difformis(Sternb.) E.W. Berry (Aspleniopteris difformisSternb.;Asplenium difformeSternb. non R. Br.).Comptonia japonicaKrysht. is shown to be the earliest validly published name instead of the previously widely acceptedComptoniphyllum naumanniiNath. A new genus,Paracomptoniagen. nov., is proposed instead of the previously invalidly publishedDryandrophyllumVelen., being based on the formerly segregatedComptoniasubg.AvushiaZhilin, with transference of two CretaceousDryandraspecies,D. cretacea, andD. yakovlevii, and one Palaeogene species,D. schrankii, intoParacomptonia. The aberrant fossil species of Western SiberianComptonia, based on fruit endocarps with a superficial resemblance to the extant genus, are reclassified and transferred into the recircumscribed and amplified distinct fossil genusCarpinicarpus, which is reinstated as a validly published genus instead of the anomalousComptoniasection †ComptoniellaP.I. Dorof.:Carpinicarpus debilis(V.P. Nikit.) Doweld, comb. nov.,C. dorofeevii(V.P. Nikit.) Doweld, comb. nov.,C. gorbunovii(P.I. Dorof.) Doweld, comb. nov., andC. tymensis(P.I. Dorof.) Doweld, comb. nov.Comptonia japonicais neotypified;Paracomptonia cretacea(Velen.) Doweld comb. nov.,P. yakovlevii(Palib.) Doweld, comb. nov. andP. schrankii(Sternb.) Doweld,comb. nov. are lectotypified for the first time.
A Lyapunov functional for a system with both lumped and distributed delay
Authors: Duda Jozef
Published: December 2017

In the paper construction of a Lyapunov functional for time delay system with both lumped and distributed delay is presented. The Lyapunov functional is determined by means of the Lyapunov matrix. The method of determination of the Lyapunov matrix for time delay system with both lumped and distributed delay is presented. It is given the example illustrating the method.
On dynamically consistent Jacobian inverse for non-holonomic robotic systems
Authors: Ratajczak Joanna , Tchoń Krzysztof
Published: December 2017

This paper presents the dynamically consistent Jacobian inverse for non-holonomic robotic system, and its application to solving the motion planning problem. The system’s kinematics are represented by a driftless control system, and defined in terms of its input-output map in accordance with the endogenous configuration space approach. The dynamically consistent Jacobian inverse (DCJI) has been introduced by means of a Riemannian metric in the endogenous configuration space, exploiting the reduced inertia matrix of the system’s dynamics. The consistency condition is formulated as the commutativity property of a diagram of maps. Singular configurations of DCJI are studied, and shown to coincide with the kinematic singularities. A parametric form of DCJI is derived, and used for solving example motion planning problems for the trident snake mobile robot. Some advantages in performance of DCJI in comparison to the Jacobian pseudoinverse are discovered.
Geospatial Analysis of Changes in Vegetation Cover over Nigeria
Authors: Fashae Olutoyin , Olusola Adeyemi , Adedeji Oluwatola
Published: December 2017

Vegetation cover over Nigeria has been on the decrease recently, hence the need for adequate monitoring using geo-information technology. This study examined the spatio-temporal variation of vegetation cover over Nigeria for thirty years with a view to developing a strategy for enhancing environmental sustainability. In order to predict the spatial extent of vegetation cover in 2030, the study utilised satellite images from between 1981 and 2010 using the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) coupled with cellular automata and Markov chain techniques in ArcGIS 10.3. The results showed that dense vegetal areas decreased in area from 358,534.2 km2 in 1981 to 207,812 km2 in 2010, while non-vegetal areas increased from 312,640.8 km2 in 1981 to 474,436.4 km2 in 2010 with a predicted increase to 501,504.9 km2 by 2030, i.e. an increase of about 27,068.4 km2 between 2010 and 2030. The study concluded that geoinformation techniques are effective in monitoring long-term intra- and inter-annual variability of vegetation and also useful in developing sustainable strategies for combating ecological hazards.
Morphology and surficial sediments of the Waldemar River confined outwash fan (Kaffiøyra, Svalbard)
Authors: Weckwerth Piotr , Greń Katarzyna , Sobota Ireneusz
Published: December 2017

The development and evolution of confined outwash fans in high Arctic regions depend on the rate of meltwater discharge, which is directly related to the glacier ablation rate, in turnassociated with climate conditions. Other factors controlling outwash fan morphology (e.g. depth and width of distributive channels) are processes of fluvial erosion, and the transport and deposition of sediments. These factors have not previously been considered together in relation to the evolution of the confined outwash fans which are commonly incised into the top of permafrost in the forefields of subpolar glaciers and in mountains in high Arctic regions. Morphology and surficial sediments of a confined outwash fan of the Waldemar River (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard) were analysed on the basis of geomorphological and sedimentological studies. The results of our investigations show multiple relations between the depth and width of distributary channels, fan slope and textural features of glaciofluvial surficial sediments supplied into the fluvial system from the glacier and from lateral fluvial erosion of permafrost
Quaternary salts derived from 3-substituted quinuclidine as potential antioxidative and antimicrobial agents
Authors: Odžak Renata , Šprung Matilda , Soldo Barbara , Skočibušić Mirjana , Gudelj Martina , Muić Anita , Primožič Ines
Published: December 2017

Two series of novel ammonium salts containing the quinuclidine moiety were prepared in order to evaluate their antioxidative, antibacterial and antifungal potential. The synthesized homologues of 3-hydroxy (QOH) and 3-chloroquinuclidine (QCl) with the different N-benzyl substituents at the para-position (bromo, chloro or nitro group) were obtained in very good yields and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. All compounds were tested for antioxidative activity using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and among tested samples, N-p-nitrobenzyl-3-hydroxyquinuclidinium bromide (QOH-4) exhibited the highest antioxidative potential (293.80 nmol (TE) mL-1), which was further investigated by the DNA nicking assay. The biological activity of selected compounds was evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition and by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against three Gram-positive bacteria (B. cereus, E. faecalis and S. aureus), three Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. sakazakii) and three fungi species (C. albicans, A. niger and P. notatum). The bioactivity assay showed that some newly synthetized quaternary quinuclidinium compounds display a comparable or even better antibacterial and antifungal activity than the reference drugs such as gentamicin (GEN), cefotaxime (CTX) and amphotericin B (AMPHB). Among the tested compounds, N-p-chlorobenzyl-3-hydroxyquinuclidinium bromide (QOH-3) exhibited a considerable antibacterial efficiency against P. aeruginosa (MIC=0.39 µg mL-1) and QOH-4 displayed a potent antifungal activity against C. albicans (MIC=1.56 µg mL-1).
An Elementary Method of Deriving A Posteriori Error Equalities and Estimates for Linear Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Anjam Immanuel , Pauly Dirk
Published: December 2017

In this paper we present a simple method of deriving a posteriori error equalities and estimates
for linear elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations.
The error is measured in a combined norm taking into account both the primal and dual variables.
We work only on the continuous (often called functional) level
and do not suppose any specific properties of numerical methods and discretizations.
Detection of future changes in seasonality in extreme short-term rainfall in selected stations of Slovakia
Authors: Vasilaki Marianna , Kohnová Silvia , Hanel Martin , Szolgay Ján , Hlavčová Kamila , Loukas Athanasios , Rončák Peter
Published: December 2017

This paper analyses the projected changes in short-term rainfall events during the warm season (April–October) in an ensemble of 30 regional climate model (RCM) simulations. The seasonality analysis was done for the Hurbanovo, Bratislava, Oravska Lesna, and Myjava stations in Slovakia. The characteristics of maximum rainfall events were analysed for two scenario periods, one past and one future (1960–2000 and 2070–2100) and compared to the characteristics of the actual observed events. The main findings from the analysis show that short-term events of 60 minutes appear to have stronger seasonality than daily events that show a rather high variability. The seasonality concentration index calculated for the 60 min events averages to 0.77, while that of daily events averaged to 0.65. The differences between the dates of the occurrence of past and future events are not significant in the lowland areas, while in the mountainous areas the future events have been found to occur earlier than past ones.
Gauge Integral
Authors: Coghetto Roland
Published: December 2017

Some authors have formalized the integral in the Mizar Mathematical Library (MML). The first article in a series on the Darboux/Riemann integral was written by Noboru Endou and Artur Korniłowicz: [6]. The Lebesgue integral was formalized a little later [13] and recently the integral of Riemann-Stieltjes was introduced in the MML by Keiko Narita, Kazuhisa Nakasho and Yasunari Shidama [12].

A presentation of definitions of integrals in other proof assistants or proof checkers (ACL2, COQ, Isabelle/HOL, HOL4, HOL Light, PVS, ProofPower) may be found in [10] and [4].

Using the Mizar system [1], we define the Gauge integral (Henstock-Kurzweil) of a real-valued function on a real interval [a, b] (see [2], [3], [15], [14], [11]). In the next section we formalize that the Henstock-Kurzweil integral is linear.

In the last section, we verified that a real-valued bounded integrable (in sense Darboux/Riemann [6, 7, 8]) function over a interval a, b is Gauge integrable.

Note that, in accordance with the possibilities of the MML [9], we reuse a large part of demonstrations already present in another article. Instead of rewriting the proof already contained in [7] (MML Version: 5.42.1290), we slightly modified this article in order to use directly the expected results.
Von Neumann algebras, L-algebras, Baer *-monoids, and Garside groups
Authors: Rump Wolfgang
Published: December 2017

It is shown that the projection lattice of a
von Neumann algebra, or more generally every orthomodular lattice X, admits
a natural embedding into a group

G
⁢

(
X
)

{G(X)}

with a lattice ordering so that

G
⁢

(
X
)

{G(X)}

determines X up to isomorphism. The embedding

X
↪

G
⁢

(
X
)

{X\hookrightarrow G(X)}

appears to be a
universal (non-commutative) group-valued measure on X, while states of X
turn into real-valued group homomorphisms on

G
⁢

(
X
)

{G(X)}

. The existence of
completions is characterized by a
generalized archimedean property which simultaneously applies to X and

G
⁢

(
X
)

{G(X)}

. By an extension of Foulis’ coordinatization theorem, the negative cone
of

G
⁢

(
X
)

{G(X)}

is shown to be the initial object among generalized
Baer

∗

{{}^{\ast}}

-semigroups. For finite X, the correspondence between X and

G
⁢

(
X
)

{G(X)}

provides a new class of Garside groups.
Dielectric Properties of Blackberries as Related to Microwave Drying Control
Authors: Song Chunfang , Sang Tian , Chen Haiying , Zhenfeng Li , Jing Li
Published: December 2017

The dielectric properties of blackberry samples with a 20.0–80.0 % w.b (web basis) moisture content were determined with a network analyzer and an open-ended coaxial-line probe over a frequency range from 5 to 3000 MHz and a temperature range from 20 to 100 °C. The results showed that the dielectric constant decreased with increasing temperature but increased with increasing moisture content; however, the loss factor increased with increasing temperature and moisture content. The dielectric constant and the loss factor decreased with increasing frequency. The penetration depth decreased with increasing temperature, frequency and moisture content. A large penetration depth at 915 MHz may provide practical large-scale dielectric drying for blackberries. The dielectric constants and loss factors for blackberry by combining the above mathematical model and temperature and moisture of the sample in the microwave drying process were used to analyze and control blackberry drying technology.
Operating environment threats influence on the maritime ferry technical system safety – the numerical approach
Authors: Kuligowska Ewa
Published: December 2017

The material given in this paper delivers the procedure for numerical approach that allows finding the main practically important safety characteristics of the complex technical systems at the variable operation conditions including operating environment threats. The obtained results are applied to the safety evaluation of the maritime ferry technical system. It is assumed that the conditional safety functions are different at various operation states and have the exponential forms. Using the procedure and the program written in Mathematica, the considered maritime ferry technical system main characteristics including: the conditional and the unconditional expected values and standard deviations of the system lifetimes, the unconditional safety function and the risk function are determined.
Influence of flooding compartments on the stability safety of the training warship
Authors: Mironiuk Waldemar
Published: December 2017

The paper presents computational stability issues with a flooded ship compartment situated on boat deck. As the main criteria for stability of the warship, calculation algorithm of metacentric height and righting levers have been defined, with a free surface effect taken into account. Based on the results of the calculations presented in tabular and graphical forms, suitable conclusions have been drawn up.
Integrated model of port oil piping transportation system safety including operating environment threats
Authors: Kołowrocki Krzysztof , Kuligowska Ewa , Soszyńska-Budny Joanna
Published: December 2017

The paper presents an integrated general model of complex technical system, linking its multistate safety model and the model of its operation process including operating environment threats and considering variable at different operation states its safety structures and its components safety parameters. Under the assumption that the system has exponential safety function, the safety characteristics of the port oil piping transportation system are determined.
Reliability analysis of high-speed tracked vehicles in the polish army
Authors: Kończak Jarosław
Published: December 2017

The Polish Armed Forces use tracked vehicles that serve as a core element of the ground combat forces. These vehicles are capable of fighting in all kinds of terrain conditions, in any season of the year. Combat missions are often fought in areas where even no dirt roads are available. The present paper assesses the reliability of tracked vehicles in the context of their irregular operation, as well as service- and maintenance-related vulnerability.
ISO 55001 and difficulties of its implementation in polish enterprises
Authors: Nowakowski Tomasz , Tubis Agnieszka , Werbińska-Wojciechowska Sylwia
Published: December 2017

In the presented paper, authors focus on the issues related to asset management in enterprises. The aim of the article is to present the requirements and standards defined in ISO 55001. Thus, there are presented the basic definitions related to the research area. Later, there are discussed the main guidelines set out in the standard, with taking into consideration e.g. asset management system structure. Moreover, there are defined the basic procedural steps in the process of ISO 55001 standard implementation in enterprises. This gives the possibility for the analysis of ISO 55001 standard possibilities of implementation in Polish enterprises. The article concludes with a summary.
Simulation of automotive starter faults
Authors: Dziubiński Mieczysław , Siemionek Ewa , Plich Mieczysław , Drozd Artur , Toborek Krzysztof
Published: December 2017

The article presents a new diagnostic method of a motor starter based on the analysis of the starter’s power and the Hall effect. Using the Matlab Simulink program the wear and tear impact of the starter sleeves on power characteristics was simulated. For the analysis of the flux propagation and the distribution of magnetic induction for selected states of the wear and tear of the sleeve the QuickField program was used. Within the experimental tests, registration of the distribution of magnetic induction was conducted by the Hall sensor placed in the link slot. The model and the tests made it possible to develop diagnostic patterns within the OBD diagnostics.
The change of quantity and quality outflow of water in Ochożanka River basin
Authors: Grzywna Antoni
Published: December 2017

The aim of this research work is to evaluate changes in the quantities of water and chemical parameters of outflow water from the forest catchment. Research was carried over a hydrological five-year period in the Ochożanka River basin (Western Polesie). The structure of the catchment area of 33.1 km2 is dominated by forestland constituting 81% of the area. During this period the precipitation amounted to 627 mm, which was 100 mm higher than the multi-year average. Precipitation of the summer half-year was almost three times higher than in the winter half-year. Data analysis shows that the average unit outflow from the catchment unit was 3.0 dm3·s−1·km−2. Outflow in the winter half-year was 52% higher than in the summer half-year. The waters of the river are used, they are usually characterized by good chemical status. In case 30% samples concentration of Kjeldahl nitrogen (>2 mg N·dm−3), total phosphorus (>0.4 mg P·dm−3) exceed the limit values for second class quality water. Indicators of oxygen conditions reach medium and high values. In spring, it happens that the limits are exceeded for second class water quality. These values are respectively COD > 20 mg O2·dm−3 and oxygen <5 mg O2·dm−3. An important issue related to the value parameters is the seasonal variability of their concentration in water outflow from the catchment. The maximum value chemical parameters are recorded in March, when the occurred largest outflows water.