bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low velocity impact response of sandwich composites with hybrid glass/natural fiber face-sheet and PET foam core
Authors: Al-Shamary Aidel Kadum Jassim , Karakuzu Ramazan , Kandas Halis , Ozdemir Okan
Published: October 2022

The focus of this study is manufacture of sandwich composites using palm and jute natural fibers with E-glass due to their high specific advantages such as lightweight, thermal insulation strength, biodegradability characteristics. The sandwich composites using in this study were fabricated using vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) technique. The palm, jute and E-glass fibers were used as reinforcing materials, and PET foam core having a thickness of 10 mm was used as a core material. All specimens were then subjected to low velocity impact tests under various impact energy levels of 20 J, 30 J, 40 J, 50 J, and 60 J at room temperature. Force-time and force-deflection diagrams, maximum contact forces, contact times, and deflections corresponding to the peak forces, and absorbed energies of sandwich composites were obtained for each impact energy level in detail. Damages of sandwich composites are shown for selected energies. According to the obtained results, it was found out that the sandwich composite fabricated with palm fiber has a superior impact behavior in terms of maximum contact force compared to other configurations of sandwich composite (i.e., neat E-glass and jute reinforced E-glass).
Online magnetic flux leakage detection of inclusions and inhomogeneities in cold rolled steel plate
Authors: Schwarzmann Jakob , Beiküfner Tim
Published: October 2022

Cold rolled steel plate is found in different applications. In manufacturing processes with high stretch ratios like bending or deep drawing, non-metallic inclusions, or segregations, which remain in the material during slab casting, can lead to ruptures of the plate. While not being visible optically, those inclusions are detectable by magnetic flux leakage inspection. Therefore, an online inspection system using giant magnetoresistance gradiometers was developed. The individual components were optimized by researching the magnetic properties of the cold rolled plate and natural as well as artificial defects on a laboratory setup for moving material simulation. Correlations between defect properties, inspection parameters and the resulting signals were determined. By optimizing components and configuration accordingly, a sensor module containing 48 sensors, signal conditioning, digitization, and an adjustable magnet was arrived at. Due to the necessarily small distance to the moving material, attention was paid to mechanical repeatability and ruggedness. An inclusion detection system, fully covering 1344 mm strip width, was installed in a coating line. Operating in production for over a year, the inspection system has shown high sensitivity and is, in addition to internal defects, able to detect various strip damages like roll marks and scratches.
Quality optimization of FDM-printed (fused deposition modeling) components based on differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Roj Robin , Blondrath Aileen , Theiß Ralf , Dültgen Peter
Published: October 2022

Fused deposition modeling has become the most common 3D printing technology in both the industry and the private sector, due to its easy application and low price. Although some companies provide parameter sets that are perfectly adapted for their machines and filaments, a great variety of materials that can be processed on arbitrary printers are also available. Usually, the operator has to figure out ideal printing parameters in order to achieve high-quality results. In this work, an approach is presented relating the conclusions of differential scanning calorimetry, including the melting and glass transition temperatures and the decomposition points, to the printout quality. To give an overview of the common materials and to correlate the behavior of the printing parameters, 16 different filaments categorized into groups of plastics without additives, metals and carbon, woods, and stones have been investigated. Heat towers have been printed with each filament, whereby the individual floors in 5 °C steps represent the nozzle temperatures and show features for direct comparison. As a main result, it is shown that the optimal printing quality is achieved with temperatures on the colder end of the range between melting and decomposition.
Mesolithic Freshwater Fishing: A Zooarchaeological Case Study
Authors: Bridault Anne , Binois-Roman Annelise , Frontin Déborah , Cupillard Christophe , Petit Christophe
Published: October 2022

In this article we investigate the importance of freshwater fishing during the Mesolithic in France, in inland sites where fishing was always associated with big game hunting. We present a review of Mesolithic sites that have yielded freshwater fish remains and focus on a case study from an occupation dated to the eighth millennium BC at Les Cabônes rock shelter, located near the Doubs River, that yielded over 9,300 fish remains. Cyprinid (including bream, roach, and minnow) remains are predominant; other taxa, such as salmonids (probably trout), grayling, burbot, perch, and eel, are represented by only a few remains each. Although small fish (about 15 cm) constitute the majority of the catch, we provide evidence that their accumulation in the shelter is mostly of human origin. These catches constituted a source of food throughout the year, particularly during the lean season. According to the ecological preferences of the fish species identified, it is highly unlikely that they were caught in a single location. The animals were probably caught with passive fishing equipment in shallow banks or side channels where large numbers of specimens could be captured. Fishing appears to have been optimised to maximise yield-to-effort ratios, together with other wetland resources. Finally, we question the presumed causal links between site micro-setting, site occupation, and increased dependence on aquatic resources and reduced group mobility.
Clean technology for sustainable development by geopolymer materials
Authors: Vellattu Chola Resha Kasim , Ozhukka Parambil Farsana , Panakkal Thasleena , Meethale Chelaveettil Basheer , Kumari Prajitha , Valiya Peedikakkal Sajna
Published: October 2022

Geopolymer materials have captivated as a promising material for building restoration due to their environmentally sustainable nature as well as their potential to use a variety of waste products as precursors. Numerous industrial, municipal and agricultural wastes can be used to create environmentally acceptable, sustainable, structurally sound geopolymer matrices. These new generation materials, fabricated by following the geopolymerisation reactions of alumino-silicate oxides with alkali activators, have the advantages of high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, durability, fire resistance etc., and can serve as a substitute for construction materials like Ordinary Portland Cement since they carry enormous impact on the environment. This review presents the importance of geopolymeric materials and their role in sustainable development giving special emphasis to kaolin, metakaolin, zeolite, fly ash, dolomite, red mud and clay based geopolymer materials.
Besoins et présence des travailleuses et travailleurs migrants temporaires dans les régions du Québec : quelques éléments de description
Authors: Frozzini Jorge , Tremblay Éric , Arnaud Vincent
Published: October 2022

En raison de la pénurie de main-d’oeuvre, les employeurs et les associations d’employeurs cherchent à recruter un plus grand nombre de travailleuses et travailleurs migrants temporaires (TMT) dans différents secteurs d’activité au Québec. Cette demande destinée à pourvoir de nombreux emplois n’est pas nouvelle. Toutefois, les divers programmes, les besoins exprimés par les employeurs et les enjeux vécus par les TMT demeurent largement méconnus du grand public. Cette contribution propose une présentation du Programme des travailleurs étrangers temporaires (PTET) et de ses divers volets, un survol des besoins en main-d’oeuvre exprimés par les employeurs ainsi qu’une discussion à propos de la précarité des TMT. Finalement, le texte avance quelques critiques à propos des conditions socioéconomiques et sociojuridiques des TMT au Canada.
Machine learning-based algorithm as an innovative approach for the differentiation between diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia in clinical practice
Authors: Nahum Uri , Refardt Julie , Chifu Irina , Fenske Wiebke K , Fassnacht Martin , Szinnai Gabor , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Pfister Marc
Published: October 2022

Objective

Differentiation between central diabetes insipidus (cDI) and primary polydipsia (PP) remains challenging in clinical practice. Although the hypertonic saline infusion test led to high diagnostic accuracy, it is a laborious test requiring close monitoring of plasma sodium levels. As such, we leverage machine learning (ML) to facilitate differential diagnosis of cDI.

Design

We analyzed data of 59 patients with cDI and 81 patients with PP from a prospective multicenter study evaluating the hypertonic saline test as new test approach to diagnose cDI. Our primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the ML-based algorithm in differentiating cDI from PP patients.

Methods

The data set used included 56 clinical, biochemical, and radiological covariates. We identified a set of five covariates which were crucial for differentiating cDI from PP patients utilizing standard ML methods. We developed ML-based algorithms on the data and validated them with an unseen test data set.

Results

Urine osmolality, plasma sodium and glucose, known transsphenoidal surgery, or anterior pituitary deficiencies were selected as input parameters for the basic ML-based algorithm. Testing it on an unseen test data set resulted in a high area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.87. A further improvement of the ML-based algorithm was reached with the addition of MRI characteristics and the results of the hypertonic saline infusion test (AUC: 0.93 and 0.98, respectively).

Conclusion

The developed ML-based algorithm facilitated differentiation between cDI and PP patients with high accuracy even if only clinical information and laboratory data were available, thereby possibly avoiding cumbersome clinical tests in the future.
Compression of the optic chiasm is associated with reduced photoentrainment of the central biological clock
Authors: Boertien Tessel M , Van Someren Eus J W , Coumou Adriaan D , van den Broek Annemieke K , Klunder Jet H , Wong Wing-Yi , van der Hoeven Adrienne E , Drent Madeleine L , Romijn Johannes A , Fliers Eric , Bisschop Peter H
Published: October 2022

Objective

Pituitary tumours that compress the optic chiasm are associated with long-term alterations in sleep–wake rhythm. This may result from damage to intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) projecting from the retina to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus via the optic chiasm to ensure photoentrainment (i.e. synchronisation to the 24-h solar cycle through light). To test this hypothesis, we compared the post-illumination pupil response (PIPR), a direct indicator of ipRGC function, between hypopituitarism patients with and without a history of optic chiasm compression.

Design

Observational study, comparing two predefined groups.

Methods

We studied 49 patients with adequately substituted hypopituitarism: 25 patients with previous optic chiasm compression causing visual disturbances (CC+ group) and 24 patients without (CC– group). The PIPR was assessed by chromatic pupillometry and expressed as the relative change between baseline and post-blue-light stimulus pupil diameter. Objective and subjective sleep parameters were obtained using polysomnography, actigraphy, and questionnaires.

Results

Post-blue-light stimulus pupillary constriction was less sustained in CC+ patients compared with CC– patients, resulting in a significantly smaller extended PIPR (mean difference: 8.1%, 95% CI: 2.2–13.9%, P = 0.008, Cohen's d = 0.78). Sleep–wake timing was consistently later in CC+ patients, without differences in sleep duration, efficiency, or other rest–activity rhythm features. Subjective sleep did not differ between groups.

Conclusion

Previous optic chiasm compression due to a pituitary tumour in patients with hypopituitarism is associated with an attenuated PIPR and delayed sleep timing. Together, these data suggest that ipRGC function and consequently photoentrainment of the central biological clock is impaired in patients with a history of optic chiasm compression.
Rafael Lucas Rodríguez Caballero: humanista, botánico y conservacionista
Authors: Rodríguez Sevilla Rafael Lucas
Published: October 2022

Rafael Lucas Rodríguez Caballero was a humanist, botanist, and conservationist. He graduated simultaneously with a Bachelor of Science, from the University of Costa Rica (UCR) and with a Master of Arts from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1948. And he graduated with a Ph. D. in Botany, also from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1953. He founded the School of Biology of the University of Costa Rica. There he carried out a monumental work: with a great genius for teaching science, he trained several generations of top-level biologists; he trained and recruited world-class teachers to increase the quality of the School; and he conducted research that draws attention to the present, both for its scope, and for the quality of his illustrations. He was the founder or co-founder of the UCR University Choir, the College of Biologists, and the Organization for Tropical Studies (OET). He supported the Revista de Biología Tropical for decades, and enthusiastically supported the Central American Institute for Cultural Extension (ICECU) and the Costa Rican Institute for Radio Education (ICER), as well, for decades. In addition, he orchestrated the creation of the Lankester Garden, which initially rescued Charles Lankester's magnificent living collection of orchids, and is now a center of international caliber for orchidology. He won numerous and diverse national and international distinctions, some of them even after his death in 1981.
Flores de la Diáspora Africana: Una aproximación a su contribución en el campo de la gestión y los derechos culturales
Authors: Araya-Araya Karla , Britton-González Carol
Published: October 2022

Este artículo ofrece un análisis general de los aportes del “Festival Flores de la Diáspora Africana”, especialmente, en el campo de los diferentes saberes culturales artísticos. Brevemente, este trabajo se posiciona teóricamente en los postulados de la pluriculturalidad centrándose en los derechos culturales y la gestión de la cultura de los pueblos afrodescendientes en Costa Rica y América, principalmente. En este sentido, se presenta una síntesis de las participaciones, que como gestor de la cultura, el Festival ha promovido y visibilizado en cuanto al quehacer de diferentes actores en áreas como música, literatura, fotografía, pintura, danza, canto, artes plásticas, política, religión, moda y gastronomía. Finalmente, se concluye que este Festival se ha convertido en una plataforma transnacional para que poblaciones tradicionalmente excluidas de los imaginarios nacionales reivindiquen sus contribuciones en el marco de la construcción de la sociedad y, así, ayudar a que los derechos culturales dejen de ser una categoría de bajo impacto entre las poblaciones tradicionalmente marginadas como lo han sido las diásporas afrodescendientes.
Una aproximación a la evolución de la teoría social en América Latina
Authors: Ayamamani-Collanqui Pascual , Quispe-Roque Diana Margaret
Published: October 2022

El presente ensayo tiene por objetivo analizar la evolución de la teoría social en América Latina, ello implica efectuar una breve aproximación sobre el trayecto, el rol desempeñado y las orientaciones teóricas de las ciencias sociales en América Latina; en el entendido que la evolución de la teoría social latinoamericana, está implicada en el estudio de la sociedad humana asentada en el Sur del continente americano, agrupadas en diversas asociaciones, colectividades y/o instituciones. Se trata de una reflexión aproximativa basada en la revisión de literatura, y debido a su naturaleza, se hace una exposición condensada, cuyo interés se centra en la ‘evolución’ de la teoría social en América Latina y los desafíos de la misma en el contexto latinoamericano contemporáneo.
Bacterial diversity in aerated facultative lagoon treating kraft cellulose effluent with bioaugmentation
Authors: Valendolf Nunes Jackeline , Barbosa da Silva Mac Wendell , Couto Gustavo Henrique , Flôr Izadora Cervelin , Vicente Vania Aparecida , de Almeida José Daniel , Celinski Fernanda , Xavier Claudia Regina
Published: October 2022

The microbiological diversity was evaluated in an aerated facultative lagoon system with organic loading rates of 0.2 and 0.6 kgCODm-3d-1 treating effluent from the kraft pulp industry for bioaugmentation purposes. Samples were taken from a laboratory-scale lagoon at steady state treating kraft pulp effluent and operated with two different rates for 120 days. The analysis was performed by 16S rDNA sequencing. The autochthonous bacteria were identified through statistical similarity obtained from the NCBI-BLAST database. The lagoon performance was assessed based on the removal efficiency of biochemical oxygen demand (94% and 80%), chemical oxygen demand (51% and 44%), total organic carbon (49% and 41%), lignin-derived compounds (13% and 27%), turbidity (94% and 87%), for the low and high rates used respectively. Color and TPC were not significantly removed during the biological treatment of the industrial matrix. In the biomass samples collected at a steady state, 9 and 12 species of bacteria were identified at the applied rates. The species Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Paenibacillus glucanolyticus found in this matrix presented significant removal of the parameters in the kraft effluent. The three referred species show great promise in the removal of specific parameters in an AFL biological treatment system using bioaugmentation.
Correlation-Regression Analysis of Innovation Factor Influence on GDP Growth
Authors: Marchenko T.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. In order to improve innovation policy given a clear definition of the correlation between innovation-driven development indicators and GDP, it is necessary to critically assess the influence of the innovation factor on the country’s economic growth and an increase in its competitiveness.Problem Statement. Modern conditions of the global economic system development require the constant adjustment and improvement of innovation strategies given new civilizational challenges, as well as the intensification of R&D activities of national economies. This highlighted the problem of scholarly research on the influence of innovation andthe determination of correlation between indicators of innovation-driven development and GDP.Purpose. The research is based on the proposed explanatory model built with the use of correlation-regression analysis, which demonstrates the influence of the innovation factor on GDP growth. The article contains forecast estimates of GDP in terms of years, depending on changes in innovation-driven development indicators based on multiple regression analysis, as well as practical recommendations for increasing the innovation capacity of Ukraine.Material and Methods. To identify the impact of innovation on GDP growth, a mathematical model has beenbuilt with the use of correlation-regression analysis; to demonstrate and visualize the results of the study we haveused tabular and graphical methods.Results. To improve the strategy of innovation-driven development of Ukraine, an economic-mathematical model based on multiple regression analysis has been developed. It demonstrates the influence of the innovation factoron changes in GDP. This model helps to understand the functioning and development of innovation processes, toreveal the causal and functional relationships of individual indicators of innovation-driven economic development,as well as to determine the required level of innovation factor by maximizing the hidden innovation capacity.Conclusions. The basic of the strategic course, its basic principle should be the implementation of governmentpolicy aiming at choosing an innovation strategy of structural transformation of Ukraine as a competitive hightech state. This strategy requires the use of domestic R&D potential and makes its contribution to the innovationdriven development of the national economy a crucial factor.
РАДІАЦІЙНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ВИРОБНИЦТВА МЕДИЧНИХ ВИРОБІВ ІЗ НАНОСРІБЛОМ: ВІД РОЗРОБКИ ДО КОМЕРЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Неймаш В.
Published: October 2022

Вступ. Різниця в часі між отриманням наукового результату та появою на ринку зумовленого ним нового продукту є суттєвою й має певну специфіку в різних галузях.Проблематика. Пошук та впровадження інноваційних матеріалів на сьогодні є актуальним завданням, зокрема в галузі радіаційної технології виготовлення медичних виробів з металводополімерного нанокомпозиту.Мета. Популяризація технології виробництва медичних виробів із металводополімерного нанокомпозиту та поширення досвіду доведення наукової розробки до комерціалізації.
Матеріали й методи. Використано високомолекулярні полімери, солі срібла та воду. Застосовано методи опромінення електронами, оптичної та електронної мікроскопії, мікробіологічного аналізу, медицини термічних уражень і гнійних ран.Результати. Встановлено закономірності впливу радіації на мікроструктуру та властивості гідрогелів на основі системи «полівиниловий спирт — поліетиленглюколь», а також на формування і стабільність наночастинок срібла у складі тривимірних полімерних сіток. Розроблено технологію виготовлення металводополімерного нанокомпозиту з наносріблом та продемонстровано його бактерицидність. Розроблено й впроваджено у виробництво технологію виготовлення із розробленого нанокомпозиту медичних виробів під торговою маркою «ГІДРОБИНТ». Описано організаційно-технічні процедури державної сертифікації медичних виробів «ГІДРОБИНТ», передбачені законодавством України. Проілюстровано медичні результати їхнього застосування. Запропоновано дорожню карту дій розробника з доведення наукової розробки до її комерціалізації.Висновки. Електронне опромінення полімерних гідрогелів дозволяє створити нові композитні матеріали з властивостями, актуальними для лікування ран і запалень. Вироби з таких композитів є ефективними у медичній практиці і комерційно привабливими на ринку. Практичні рекомендації з впровадження науково-технологічної розробки у виробництво запропоновано у формі дорожньої карти дій розробника.
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES OF SOILS OF UKRAINE TO ASSESS THE COST OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Maksymenko N.V. , Baliuk S.A. ,   NSC “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O. N. Sokolovsky”, Kucher A.V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Peresadko V.A.
Published: October 2022

The article contains a theoretical generalization of the authors’ studies of regional soil differences in Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to assess regional differences in soil ecosystem services of Ukraine based on the analysis of the main characteristics of soils in terms of economic districts and administrative regions. Methods: statistical-analytical, cartographic, and ecological-economic. Results. The author has analyzed statistical data on soil characteristics contained in Ecological passports of all regions of Ukraine based on agrochemical certification for agricultural lands (every 5 years) and formed a bank of information resources for their environmental and economic assessment. Cartographic works have been developed illustrating the spatial differentiation of agricultural lands of Ukraine and the content of humus, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile phosphorus compounds, and mobile potassium compounds in soils. Based on the economic assessment of supply and regulatory ecosystem services of the arable soil layer (30 cm) of agricultural lands, these services (excluding the ecosystem component) were economically assessed for each of the regions of Ukraine and a corresponding map was created. A distinctive feature of the study is that the calculations take into account real economic indicators used by farmers in the regions, as they are covered in the environmental passports. Conclusions. The average cost of soil ecosystem services excluding the ecosystem component in Ukraine is $30,549/ha, while its value in terms of regions varies from $18,638/ha in the North-West Economic Region up to $36,110/ha—in the Prydniprovsky region.
UKRAINE AS A DONOR OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA AND THE USSR
Authors:   Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Lisovskyi S.A.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the research is to clarify the role of Ukraine as a donor in ensuring the development of russia and the former Soviet Union, proving of the constant negative for Ukraine movement of resources between Ukraine and the union center, identifying the consequences of such non-equivalent exchange for the population, economy, and nature of the country. The unique role of our country in the maintenance and development of Russia and the Soviet Union, in general, is confirmed on the basis of the analysis of statistical sources, many of which consist of encyclopedic publications, statistical directories, materials of congresses of the communist party, and other sources of the Soviet period, which are difficult to suspect in the submission of advantageous statistics and sympathy for Ukraine. Much attention is paid to the analysis of Ukraine’s role as the breadbasket of the USSR and the traditional looting of Ukrainian grain and other agricultural products, which lasted throughout all the time of the union, and which is now, for hundreds of years, openly carried out by the Russian aggressor on the temporarily occupied Ukrainian lands. The scientific novelty of the article lies in a comprehensive analysis of the economic, social, and environmental consequences of long-term exploitation of the integrated development potential of Ukraine.
INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF UKRAINIANS (REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF ITS MANIFESTATION)
Authors:   M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Borysenko V. ,   Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Kyiv, Borysenko M.
Published: October 2022

The problems of fixation and preservation of the objects and phenomena related to the intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine are considered in the article. The history of mapping the ethnocultural monuments, especially in the realm of spiritual culture is revealed. An experience of popularization of the intangible heritage objects, as well as the concepts and approaches to the existence of a living tradition developed by scholars of the Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, is analyzed. Attention is drawn to such issues as ideological pressure on the customary and ritual culture of Ukrainians during the years of the totalitarian regime, as well as to the danger of the spread of pseudo-folklore phenomena, and the need to create an electronic database of the intangible cultural heritage objects. The problems of regional manifestations of ancient and living practices existence of customary culture and the requirement to substantiate more clearly the selection criteria with the aim to include the traditions, holidays and ceremonies, trades and handicrafts, monuments of music and song traditions in the national list.
The Impact of Economic Openness on Economic Growth in Aceh Province
Authors: Maghfirah Nur , Irawan Tony , Anggraeni Lukytawati
Published: October 2022

Economic openness is part of the demands that impact the entire region on economic development. This research aimed to analyze the impact of Economic Openness on Economic Growth in Aceh Province. The data used in this research was time-series data from 2005-2019. The variables used were exports, imports, domestic credit such as investment credit, consumer credit, working capital credit, and foreign investment (FDI). The data analysis tool used was a dynamic model with a specific approach to Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The results of this research showed that in the long term, export, import, consumer credit, and working capital credit significantly affected Aceh’s economic growth. Then, the estimation results in the short term showed that import and consumption credit directly affect economic growth. Likewise, the result of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the short term had a significant impact on Aceh’s economic growth. The government must strive to improve Economic openness because the impact is interrelated to national income and affect Aceh’s economic growth.How to Cite:Magfirah, N., Irawan, T., & Anggraeni, L. (2022). The Impact of Economic Openness on Economic Growth in Aceh Province. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 11 (2), 239-252. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v11i2.21091.
Indonesian Market Concentration on The Non-Oil and Gas Commodity Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuliati Lilis , Komariyah Siti , Adenan Moh. , Prianto Fajar Wahyu
Published: October 2022

The economic growth of a country is inseparable from the balance of trade, mainly the export and import activity. Globalization urges a country to actively socialize and provide infrastructure and facilities to support productivity and improve competitiveness in the international market. Increasing commodity export value affects the balance of trade to reach surplus, and increasing import value causes the balance of trade deficit. This study aims to analyze Indonesia’s non-oil and gas commodity market concentration. Trade Specialization Ratio (TSR) result shows a tendency for Indonesia’s non-oil and gas commodities to be both exporters and importers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The strategic plan to increase the product competitiveness in the international market can be in the form of increased productivity and quality; cooperating with several parties such as central and regional government, private parties, and also the general public in the planning for differentiating products and export destination, compliance with international product certification standard, tariff policy, and strengthening the economic institutions within the trade activity. Those efforts are taken to achieve national economic growth and decrease regional economic disparities.How to Cite:Yuliati, L., Komariyah, S., Adenan, M., & Prianto, F. W. (2022). Indonesian Market Concentration on The Non-Oil Gas Commodity Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 11(2), 289-298. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v11i2.24678.JEL Classification: F10, Q20, C40
Does Economic Growth Mediate Investment, Inflation, and Human Development Investment on Poverty in Indonesia?
Authors: Fitriady Agam , Silvia Vivi , Suriani Suriani
Published: October 2022

Poverty is a classic yet interesting topic of discussion because the problem of poverty has not been solved. This study analyzed the role of economic growth in mediating the effects of investment, inflation, and Human Development Investment (HDI) on poverty in Indonesia. Using the multiple regression method of path analysis and the data from 32 provinces in Indonesia, the results showed that investment had a positive effect on economic growth and poverty, but inflation had no effect on economic growth and poverty while HDI had a positive effect on economic growth but a negative effect on poverty. Economic growth mediated the effect of investment and HDI, but not the effect of inflation on poverty. Hence, it can be said that it is not enough for the government to only prioritize economic growth, optimal investment, a higher level of HDI, and a stable inflation rate. They must also strive to reduce inequality between regions, support labour-intensive, well-targeted and direct investments in the real sector, and involve all stakeholders to achieve an effective and efficient national development in the context of poverty reduction.How to Cite:Fitriady, A., Silvia, V., & Suriani. (2022). Does Economic Growth Mediate Investment, Inflation, and Human Development Investment on Poverty in Indonesia? Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 11(2), 437-456. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v11i2.26145.JEL Classification: C33, E22, O11
Foreign Capital Inflows and Stock Market Development in Nigeria: An Asymmetric Causality Approach
Authors: Awoleye Emmanuel Olayemi
Published: October 2022

The study used the recently developed symmetric and asymmetric Granger causality test by Hatemi-J to investigate the causal relationships between foreign capital inflows and stock market development in Nigeria from 1986 to 2019. The findings show unidirectional symmetric causality between stock market development and foreign direct investment, while no symmetric causality was found between stock market development and foreign portfolio investment. The results show unidirectional asymmetric causality of positive and negative shocks of stock market development to the negative shock of foreign direct investment. In contrast, the negative shock of stock market development shows a unidirectional asymmetric causality to the positive shock of foreign portfolio investment. The results revealed the causality relationship between foreign capital inflows and stock market development, including positive and negative aspects in Nigeria. These findings have implications for portfolio design and strategies that are important to policymakers and investors.How to Cite:Awoleye, E. O., (2022). Foreign Capital Inflows and Stock Market Development in Nigeria: An Asymmetric Causality Approach. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 11(2), 339-354. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v11i2.26195.JEL Classification: G12, F21, D82, C19
Long-Term Outcome of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation
Authors: Vaidya Ruben , Yi Joe X. , O’Shea T. Michael , Jensen Elizabeth T. , Joseph Robert M. , Shenberger Jeffrey , Gogcu Semsa , Wagner Kathryn , Msall Michael E. , Thompson Amanda L. , Frazier Jean A. , Fry Rebecca , Singh Rachana ,   ELGAN-ECHO Study Investigators
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) are complications in preterm infants associated with high morbidity, mortality, impaired growth, and neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes. Few studies have reported growth or ND outcomes of infants born extremely preterm with NEC/SIP beyond early childhood. Here, we compared anthropometric and ND outcomes, at 10 and 15 years, for children with medical NEC, surgical NEC, SIP, and neither NEC nor SIP.

METHODS

Participants from the prospective longitudinal extremely low gestational age newborns study were evaluated at ages 10 and 15 years for anthropometrics, neurocognition, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, and gross motor function.

RESULTS

At age 10 years, 889 children were followed-up (medical NEC = 138, surgical NEC = 33, SIP = 29, no NEC/SIP = 689), and 694 children were followed up-at 15 years. Children with medical NEC had similar weight, BMI, height, and head circumference compared with controls at both 10 and 15 years. At 15 years, children with surgical NEC had lower weight z-score (adjusted β: −0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.25 to −0.25), lower BMI z-score (adjusted β: −0.55, 95% CI: −1.09 to −0.01), and lower height z-score (adjusted β: −0.65, 95% CI: −1.16 to −0.14). Children with SIP had lower weight and height z-scores at age 10 years when adjusted for sample attrition, but these differences were not significant when adjusted for confounders. We observed no differences in long-term ND outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgical NEC- and SIP-associated growth impairment may persist through late childhood. ND outcomes among school-aged children born extremely preterm with any NEC or SIP are no different from children without NEC/SIP.
Optimization variations of valley-river landscape-technical systems of the Right Bank zone of Ukraine
Authors: Lavryk Oleksandr D. , Volovyk Volodymyr M. , Maksiytov Andrii О. , Tsymbaliuk Valentyna V.
Published: October 2022

The aim of the research was to develop areas for optimization of valley-river landscape-technical systems (LTchS) on the example of the model region – the Right Bank of Ukraine. The research was based on the materials of the long-term field observations which were carried out in the context of the studies of F.M. Milkov about anthropogenic landscapes. The use of expeditionary and stationary research techniques made it possible to receive the required material for the development of the optimization options of valley-river landscape-technical systems. Six options/practices for the optimization of valley-river LTchS on the example of the Right Bank zone of Ukraine are suggested. Option A does not envisage a control regain over landscape-technogenic systems (LTS); it can be used locally. Option B1 is directed towards a partial restoration of the previous func- tions of the system and an episodic/occasional control over a technical block of LTS. Option B2 implies a total change of the economic purpose of LTchS with the aim of recreation. Option B3 consists in making a nature reserve of some landscape technogenic systems,in perspective the range/habitat of unique species of flora and fauna can be saved or restored on these territories. The restoration of a landscape-techno-genic system to the «operation» stage with previous functions is achieved when option C1 is used. Option C2 requires substantial capital investments, as it implies the creation of an absolutely new landscape-engineering system. For this option, projects have been developed to restore sections in the valleys of the Sob River (Gaisyn city, Vinnytsia region) and the Hirskyi Tikych River (Buky town, Cherkasy region). A layout of the optimized valley-river LTchS on the territory of the Right Bank of Ukraine was suggest- ed. The conclusion has been made that the use of one of the suggested options will not help improve the condition of all valley-river landscape-technogenic systems of the model region. Each river valley requires an individual approach in which the combination of all the above-mentioned directions will be used. The valley-river landscapes optimized with help of the presented scheme will form the image of nature of a present-day European state which will favour the establishment of the concept of well-balanced development.
On the assessment of the diversity of coefficients of oil recovery from developed objects
Authors: Maharramov Fuad F. , Kаrimov Vagif M. , Sharifov Jafar J.
Published: October 2022

Based on the geological and commercial material collected and systematized by the offshore fields of Azerbaijan, the article discusses the reasons for the varying degrees of use of their reserves. For this purpose, the identification of deposits was carried out accord- ing to the natural regime, as a complex factor affecting oil recovery. Oil recovery models have been obtained for offshore reservoirs, draining mainly in two types of mechanisms: mixed and solution gas drives. Based on these regression equations and geological-economical analysis, a comparative analysis of the factors influencing oil recovery was carried out. Study of the different nature of the implementation of reserves of deposits characterized by different natural mechanisms so as to determine the degree to which the geological and technological parameters at various stages of development influence oil recovery. Objects: Offshore deposits of the Republic, characterized mainly by the solution gas and mixed drives. Application of the methods of mathematical statistics (Student’s and Fisher’s criteria) for the comparative analysis of the parameters of the mined deposits, confined to different natural conditions, allowing the revelation of the degree to which they are different and various patterns of the use of the reserves. In order to determine the influence of various factors on oil recovery, we used the method of correlation-regression analysis. It was found that a wide range of changes in oil recovery factors is associated with the internal structure of the deposits, with varying degrees of activity of the energy of the reservoirs and the fluids saturating them. It is known that each of the geological and technolog- ical parameters to one degree or another affects oil recovery, this influence is complex and subject to certain changes in the process of reservoir mining. In order to study the influence of parameters on oil recovery, we developed matrices of averaged values of a number of parameters of offshore deposits draining by mixed and solution gas drives. Using multivariate correlation-regression analysis and appropriate software, we obtained models for each of the above types of the mechanisms. A comparative analysis of those models, as well as geological and field studies of the parameters included in the obtained regression equations, make it possible to correct the oil production process in a timely manner, and can also be used in designing projects for the additional mining of those objects.
The mechanism of formation and prospects of non-structural traps in the South Caspian megadepression
Authors: Mukhtarova Khuraman Z. , Nasibova Gulter J.
Published: October 2022

The article examines the geodynamic conditions for the formation and distribu- tion of non-structural traps in the oil and gas regions of Azerbaijan, such as the interfluves of the Kura and Gabirri, Yevlakh-Aghjabadi, Ganja, Lower Kura, the Baku archipelago, Shamakhi-Gobustan and Absheron. For this purpose, the surfaces of the Baikal basement, Mesozoic and Maikop deposits of the region were modeled and analyzed. The modeling revealed a submeridional uplift (positive tectonic element) that began to develop in the Maikop between the Kura and South Caspian basins. This has strongly influenced the folding and especially the formation of non-structural (tectonically sealed, lithologically limited, stratigraphic unconformity-associat- ed) traps in the region. As a result of the analyzes, we clarified the geotectonic characteristics of the formation of non-structural traps (tectonically sealed, lithologically limited, stratigraphic unconformity-associated) and compiled their distribution maps based on them. The analysis of these maps makes it possible to substantiate the features and reasons for the formation and distribution of non-struc- tural traps in the region. Thus, tectonically sealed traps were formed mainly in the oil and gas-bearing areas of the Kura and Gabirri interfluve, the Lower Kura, Shamakhy-Gobustan, Absheron and Baku archipelago, which are not only located in an active geotectonic zone, but likewise, the geological section of these oil and gas-bearing regions (OGBR) significantly differs from the Yevlakh-Aghjabadi and Ganja clay composition (clay rocks), and therefore, high parameters of the development of mud volcanism and clay diapirism are seen in the area. By contrast, in the Yevlakh-Aghjabadi and Ganja oil and gas regions, mainly effusive rocks have developed, which have incompetent properties and resist geotectonic – tangential-horizontal-compressive forces. Formed in this part of the region, thetraps associated with lithological wedging out have been mainly formed by covering the effusive or relief ledges. It should be noted that quantitatively, the traps with stratigraphic unconformity are developed relatively poorly and coincide with the distribution of lithologically wedge-out traps. The aim of the study was answ
On the question of the philosophical foundations of the geoecotones theory: synergetics, anthropocentrism, geosystem paradigm
Authors: Sytnyk Oleksii I. , Kravtsova Iryna V. , Andreev Sergei A. , Denysyk Bogdan G. , Bezlatnia Liubov O.
Published: October 2022

In this article, the problem of the philosophical foundations of the geographic theory of geoecotone is considered. As such, the authors propose the traditions of neopla- tonic philosophy, based on the ontological teaching of Empedocles, the modern philosoph- ical teachings of the actor-network theory of B. Latour and object-oriented ontology. The noospheric power of a person is realized in globalization processes through the expansion of various social and economic institutions, primarily the global ones, which cause corresponding changes in the activities of institutions at lower system levels, and those, accord- ingly, already have a direct impact on their environment. The borderline character of the geoecotone is historically enhanced as the anthropogenic impact on the geographic shell as a whole and its individual elements intensifies. Geoecotones are formed as a special type of geosystems, which are complex systems characterized by a contradictory unity of internal heterogeneity and functional connectivity. The action of the anthropogenic factor is so broad that almost any fragment of modern geospace can be classified to geoecotones in the state of bifurcation and uncertainty. The direct result of the development of mankind was the formation of multilevel ecological and economic systems. It has been determined that the spatial formation of such systems is directly related to the geoecotonization of the geographic shell. The authors analyze the approaches to the philosophical substantiation of the study of the culture and socioge- netic functions of the geoecotone. The formation of geoecotones is an objective process leading to the transformation of geographical knowledge itself. The logical-dialectical comparison of the processes of geoecotonization leads to the idea of their isomorphism with the processes of the development of geographical science, characterized by the universalization and complication of the category-conceptual apparatus.