bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP OF HYPERTENSION, GENETIC AND DEGREE OF SMOKING WITH THE INCIDENCE OF COPD AT HAJI PUBLIC HOSPITAL SURABAYA
Authors: Pertiwi Maharani Dyah , Martini Santi , Artanti Kurnia Dwi , Widati Sri
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a limitation of the inflow and outflow of air caused by inflammation of the inhaled toxin. The incidence of COPD continues to increase every year, and is predicted to be the highest cause of death in the next 10 years. This study aimed to analyze risk factors for the history of hypertension, genetic, and smoking degree with COPD in patients at Haji Public Hospital Surabaya 2019. Methods: This type of research used analytic observational research with a case-control research design.  The research sample used simple random sampling. Variables used include hypertension history, smoking degree, and genetic. Result: The results of the Chi-Square statistical analysis were male sex at risk with COPD (OR: 14.7; 95% CI: 6.28-34.5); Age> 40 years at risk with COPD (Odds Ratio (OR): 116.8; 95% CI: 15.2-898.4; history of hypertension at risk with COPD (Odds Ratio (OR): 2,512; 95% CI: 1.99-3.16; smoking degree at risk with COPD (high degree OR: 60.95; 95% CI: 7.65-470.3; moderate degree OR: 31.3; 95% CI: 3.85-254.6; low degree OR: 6.1; 95% CI: 1.45-25.6) and smoking behavior (OR: 21.9; 95% CI: 7.71-62.271). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the variables which are risk factors for COPD are male sex, age> 40 years, history of hypertension, smoking behavior and degree of smoking. Recommendations based on the results of this study are expected that the community can be familiarized with a clean and healthy lifestyle so that the incidence of COPD can be reduced.
DIFFERENCES IN TEENAGE GIRLS’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE BEFORE AND AFTER BEING EXPOSED IN PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT MEDIA OF "IRON SUPPLEMENTATION" (Study at SMP Negeri 10 Surabaya)
Authors: Lasamahu Yohana Nensy , Widati Sri
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Teenage girls are included in groups who are prone to anemia. Various attempts have been made to prevent anemia in teenage girls. Public service announcement of "Iron Supplementation" is one of the health promotion media related to the prevention of anemia. This research aims to determine the difference in the knowledge and attitudes of teenage girls before and after exposure to public service announcement media of "Iron Supplementation". Methods: This research is a quantitative study with pseudo-experimental methods. The knowledge and attitude variables are measured by the Paired T-test test and the Mann-Whitney test. The study subject amounted to 30 subjects for each group. Result: The results of the analysis show that there were differences in the students' knowledge (p = 0.00) before and after watching videos in both the "selfie" group and the "animation" group. There were differences in students' attitudes before and after watching the video on the "selfie" group         (p = 0.00). However, there was no difference in the student's attitudes toward the "animation" group (p= 0.469). Conclusion: There was no difference in students' knowledge between selfie groups and animation groups after watching videos. There was a difference in attitudes between the "selfie" group and the "animation" group after watching videos. Public service announcement is needed in delivering health messages for changes in knowledge and attitudes. However, there is still a need for mentoring and direct support from teachers
RELATIONSHIP OF WORKERS’ CHARACTERISTICS AND THE USE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AGAINST THE ENHANCEMENT OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN SERUM ON KAPOK-PROCESSING INDUSTRY WORKERS AT BANDREK, PASURUAN
Authors: Zahroh Fitrotuz , Keman Soedjajadi
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The cotton processing industry is an industry that produces cotton dust during the production process. Workers are at risk of exposure to cotton dust, if inhaled and accumulated in the body will cause inflammation that causes an increase in C-Reactive Protein (CRP) serum. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between the use of personal protective equipment and worker characteristics that can cause an increase in serum CRP of workers before and after work in the cotton processing industry. Methods: This was observational research with a prospective longitudinal design. Respondents in this study were 11 workers in Bandrek village, Mojotengah, Pasuruan. Data collection of worker characteristics was done by interview and observation. Personal dust content data was collected using a personal dust sampler (PDS) with gravimetric calculation methods. increase in CRP data collection using blood specimen collection before and after and conducted laboratory testing using i-chroma reader. Measurement of average dust levels of 5.49 mg / m3. Result: There was no significant correlation between personal dust level   (p = 0.324) and the use of PPE (p= 0,925) with the increase in CRP serum levels. There was a significant correlation between the ages of workers (p = 0.005), years of service (p = 0.006), and length of work (p = 0.004) with the increase in CRP serum level. Conclusion: The older the workers, the longer the working period and the longer the working hour, the higher the increase of CRP serum level would be.
OUTCOMES OF MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR EMPLOYEES OF NADHLATUL ‘ULAMA HOSPITAL
Authors: Wardani Ratna , Yulyastuti Dyah Ayu
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The various management development interventions that have been implemented seem to have not identified the characteristics of the role model, perceived control, and understanding of the Management Development Program (MDP) itself. The MDP effectiveness evaluation model also seems to have not received much attention. Analyze the influence of the characteristics of the Management Development Program, i.e., role models, feelings of control, and understanding that result in organizational commitment, utility, and participatory Behavior. Methods: The research population was 130 employees of NUH Jombang. Samples were taken using a simple random sampling technique of 100 employees from various work units. Statistical analysis used is path analysis to determine the direct and indirect effect on organizational commitment, utility, and participation behavior. Results: The higher MDP characteristics that consist of role model, perceived control, and understanding will be followed by high organizational commitment, utility, and participative behavior as positive outcomes. Conclusion: The study results can improve understanding of the characteristics of the relevant Management Development Program to improve employee outcomes. Employee outcome, i.e., organizational commitment, Utilities which include intrinsic – extrinsic – organizational benefits, behavior that includes the willingness to participate in development activities, innovative behavior that is beneficial to the organization, and sharing opinions.
Süs Bitkilerinde Arbüskülar Mikoriza Kullanımı
Authors: Olgaç Yağmur , Kasım Rezzan , Kasım Mehmet Ufuk
Published: August 2022

Günümüzde, çiçek sektöründeki yüksek talebin karşılanabilmesi için çiçek verimini artırmaya yönelik
birçok uygulama yapılmaktadır. Ancak verimi artırmaya yönelik yapılan kimyasal uygulamalar, hem maliyeti yükseltmekte hem de toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal dengesini bozarak geri dönüşü olmayan zararlara sebep olmaktadır. Bu yüzden daha ekonomik ve çevre dostu bir gübreleme imkanı sunan ve biyogübre olarak adlandırılan çeşitli mikroorganizmalar kullanılmaktadır. Böylece kimyasal gübre ve pestisit kullanımının azaltılması ile çiçeklerin verim, biyotik ve abiyotik streslere dayanıklılığının artırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu hedefle kullanılan mikroorganizmalardan biri de mikoriza mantarlarıdır. Bu mantarlar uzun yıllardır araştırılmakta olup, son yıllarda daha çok çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Mikoriza mantarları bitki kökleriyle mutualist bir yaşam sürdürerek, bitkinin daha sağlıklı büyümesini, bitkiden daha yüksek verim alınmasını, çiçekçilik sektöründe büyük bir paya sahip olan kesme çiçeklerde ise vazo ömrünün uzatılmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, mikorizal mantarların süs bitkilerinde kullanım alanları ile verim ve kalite üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde yapılan araştırmalar incelenerek, bir araya getirilmiştir. Bu sayede konu ile ilgili çalışmak isteyen araştırıcılara yol gösterecek bir kaynak oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır.
Farklı Orijinli Sater (Satureja hortensis L.) Genotiplerinin Erzurum Koşullarında Tarımsal Performanslarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Baıramıan Danalou Roghaiyeh , Özer Hakan
Published: August 2022

Satureja hortensis L. dünya üzerinde geniş bir coğrafyada doğal olarak yetişen ve ciddi varyasyon gösteren önemli bir tıbbi aromatik bitkidir. Bu araştırma 2016 yılında, İran’ın farklı lokasyonlarından 14 (İsfahan, Ahvaz, Colfa, Tebriz, Salmas, Azerşehr, Karac, Nagade, Kazerun, Tahran, Erdebil, Khoy, Urmiye, Şahindej) ve Türkiye’den bir adet (Konya) olmak üzere 15 farklı Satureja hortensis L. genotipinin Erzurum ekolojik koşullarında adaptasyon ve bazı tarımsal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme “Şansa Bağlı Tam Bloklar” deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Satureja hortensis L. genotiplerin bitki boyu 29.42-40.83 cm; çiçeklenme süresi 73.80-91.25 gün; dal sayısı 18.33-20.95 adet bitki-1; kuru herba verimi 425-610.21 kg da-1; yeşil herba verimi 1304-1671 kg da-1, tohum verimi 40-140 kg da-1; bin tane ağırlığı 0.4-0.7 g; uçucu yağ verimi 2.9-7.11 kg da-1 ve uçucu yağ oranı % 0.72-1.14 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Genotiplerin bitki boyu, çiçeklenme süresi, tohum verimi ve bin tane ağırlığı bakımından istatistiki olarak önemli farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Satureja hortensis L. genotiplerin tamamının bölge koşullarında kolaylıkla yetişebileceği anlaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre kuru herba verimi, uçucu yağ oranı ve uçucu yağ verimi açısından Türkiye; yeşil herba verimi bakımından Khoy; tohum verimi bakımından ise Azerşehr genotipi en iyi performansı göstermiştir. Satureja hortensis L. Erzurum dahil Türkiye’nin birçok yerinde doğal bitki örtüsünde yer almasına karşın kültürü yapılmayan bir bitkidir. Bu bağlamda deneme koşullarında yürütülen bu tür çalışmalar bitkinin performansının ve özelliklerinin ortaya konması ve kültüre alınmasının sağlanması yönünde gerçekleştirilmiş önemli bir adım olarak görülebilir.
Evaluation on Biosecurity Practices of Dairy Farms in Bursa Province -I
Authors: Yılmaz Şehri , Koyuncu Mehmet
Published: August 2022

The purpose of biosecurity is to create a barrier against disease-causing agents and other threats by
minimizing the transport of biological organisms and external threats to livestock holdings. This research was carried out to reveal the current biosecurity practices of dairy cattle farms in Bursa. In the study, the farms and districts with 20 heads and above in Bursa province, which is registered in the Türkvet and herd book-program database were determined. The farms in five districts (Mustafakemalpaşa, Yenişehir, Karacabey, Nilüfer, Osmangazi) that are suitable for this purpose are grouped according to their animal number. The farms taken into consideration were divided into three layers as those with 20-50, 51-100, and >101 head cattle. The farms were determined and the farms within the population size were chosen and visited randomly by stratified sampling method. In the survey, questions were asked to reveal information about breeders, herd management practices, animal purchase and quarantine, competence in biosecurity, equipment, hygiene and health protection practices. In this context, although there is no difference in terms of districts in terms of quarantine application for buying animals, application of biosecurity rules and disinfection of equipment after use, the difference is significant in
terms of farm size (P
Gıda Ambalajlarında Değişen Tüketici Tercihleri
Authors: Gürbüz İsmail Bülent , Kadağan Özgecan
Published: August 2022

Gıda ambalajları tüketici ile ürün arasındaki ilk iletişimi sağlayan ögedir. Bu nedenle ambalajlar tüketiciyi
gördüğü andan itibaren etkilemeli ve ürünü satın almasını sağlamalıdır. Tüketiciler bir ürüne ihtiyaç duydukları andan başlayıp ürünü satın alıp tükettiği ana kadar birçok unsura dikkat etmektedir. Ambalajlar malzeme, renk, logo, içerik bilgisi, depolama kolaylığı, fiyat vb. faktörler ile tüketicinin satın alımını etkilemektedir. Bu araştırmada ambalaj fonksiyonlarının tüketici tarafından algılanan önemi, ambalaja yönelik tüketici tercihleri ve ambalaj özelliklerinin tüketici tercihlerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmada Bursa ilinde ikamet eden 202’si kadın ve 199’u erkek, toplam 401 katılımcı ile yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 25.0 Paket Programında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sorularının cevaplarını bulmak amacı ile Frekans analizi, One-Way Anova analizi ve Korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların %29.7’sinin 26-35 yaş aralığında, bekâr ve üniversite mezunu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gıda ürünlerini satın alırken dikkat ettikleri unsurlar incelendiğinde, katılımcıların %73.6’sı kalitenin çok önemli olduğunu, %46.4’ü ise markanın önemli olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Ambalaj için çok önemli diyen bireylerin oranı %39.9’dur. Katılımcıların gıda ambalajları hakkındaki düşünceleri eğitim durumuna göre farklılık göstermektedir. Ambalaj ve marka hakkındaki görüşler ile ambalajda dikkat edilen gelişmeler arasında pozitif yönlü (r= 0.111) ve istatistiki olarak anlamlı (p=0.013, p
İklim Değişimi Sürecinin Sürdürülebilir ve Güvenli Gıda Üretimine Etkisi
Authors: Dinç Selin Özge , Künili İbrahim Ender , Çolakoğlu Fatma
Published: August 2022

Dünyanın doğal döngüsü, sanayi devriminden sonra başlayan ve artarak devam eden insan aktivitelerinden etkilenmektedir. İlk olarak fosil yakıtların tüketimi ile kendini göstermeye başlayan insani etkiler, küreselleşmeye bağlı mobilite, beslenme faaliyetleri ve sanayileşme ile yüksek seviyelere ulaşmıştır. Bu etkiler atmosfer bileşiminin dengesini bozarak iklimde değişiklikler meydana getirmektedir. Değişen iklimin ise neden olduğu birçok olumsuz sonuç bulunmakta, bunlar arasında en önemlilerinden biri gıda üretimindeki değişimler olarak görülmektedir. İklim değişikliği, gıda üretiminde sürdürülebilirliği etkileyen başlıca faktördür. Sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması, ilk etapta üretim teknolojilerinin değişmesi ve yerel ürünlerin yerine değişen iklime uygun türlerin yetiştirilmesi ile mümkün görünmektedir. Yanı sıra, gıda üretiminin sekteye uğramadan toplumların ihtiyacının karşılayabilmesi için farklı uygulamalar da yapılmaktadır. Bu uygulamalar arasında ise daha çok korunma ve büyümeyi destekleme amaçlı kimyasal kullanımı ile tohumlarda genetik modifikasyon tekniğinin kullanımı, ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak üretimde kullanılan bu uygulamaların niteliği, kapsamı ve büyüklüğü hakkında tüketicide önemli düzeyde bilgi eksikliği ve şüpheler bulunmaktadır. İklimde yaşanan olumsuzluklara rağmen, üretimde yeni uygulamaların kullanımı bugün ve gelecekte gıda üretimlerini mümkün kılacaktır. Ancak bu durum, güvenli gıda konusunda bilinçlenen tüketicide negatif algı oluşturmakta, kaygılar gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, değişen iklim koşullarına ayak uydurmak amacıyla kullanılan uygulamaların, bitkisel ve hayvansal üretimde sürdürülebilirliğe etkisi irdelenecek ve gıda güvenliği konusu açısından etkileri değerlendirilecektir.
Logarithmic-Time Addition for BIT-Predicate With Applications for a Simple and Linear Fast Adder And Data Structures
Authors: Ramírez Juan
Published: August 2022

A construction for the systems of natural and real numbers is presented in Zermelo-Fraenkel Set Thoery, that allows for simple proofs of the properties of these systems, and practical and mathematical applications. A practical application is discussed, in the form of a Simple and Linear Fast Adder (Patent Pending). Applications to finite group theory and analysis are also presented. A method is illustrated for finding the automorphisms of any finite group $G$, which consists of defining a canonical block form for finite groups. Examples are given, to illustrate the procedure for finding all groups of $n$ elements along with their automorphisms. The canonical block form of the symmetry group $\Delta_4$ is provided along with its automorphisms. The construction of natural numbers is naturally generalized to provide a simple and sound construction of the continuum with order and addition properties, and where a real number is an infinite set of natural numbers. A basic outline of analysis is proposed with a fast derivative algorithm. Under this representation, a countable sequence of real numbers is represented by a single real number. Furthermore, an infinite $\infty\times\infty$ real-valued matrix is represented with a single real number. A real function is represented by a set of real numbers, and a countable sequence of real functions is also represented by a set of real numbers. In general, mathematical objects can be represented using the smallest possible data type and these representations are calculable. In the last section, mathematical objects of all types are well assigned to tree structures in a proposed type hierarchy.
Normative Values of Skeletal Muscle Contractile Parameters and Lateral Symmetry in Artistic and Rhythmic Gymnasts
Authors: Samardžija Pavletić Mitija , Atiković Almir , Čolakhodžić Ekrem , Sijerčić Selma , Petković Emilija , Nožinović Mujanović Amra
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the normative values of muscles’ contractile properties, lateral symmetry, and the impact of aging on muscle contractility in gymnastics. Materials and Methods: A survey of 81 athletes from different disciplines was undertaken: MAG (n = 26), WAG (n = 28), and RG (n = 27). The athletes’ average age was 15.41 ± 5.03 years. We try to establish the normative values for contraction time (muscle pairs) in gymnastics for Slovenian athletes for ten skeletal muscles. Results: Athletes’ age affects contractility in a negative way. Differences between the duration of contractility and age were found in all disciplines: m. BF (r = 0.48, p < 0.001), m. TB (r = 0.37, p < 0.013), m. ES (r = 0.17, p < 0.025), m. VL (r = 0.36, p < 0.00) and m. VM (r = 0.40, p < 0.000) at a statistical significance of p < 0.05. Conclusions: A comparison between the left and right sides shows little asymmetry in WAG and that the occurrence of injuries is in the middle range. In RG we see a bigger deviation, which could trigger the emergence of pain or injury in m. BF (13%) and m. GL (14.5%), but in MAG the deviation is greater in m. BB (12%), m. BF (11%) and m. GM (13%).
Cumulative Pain: An Evidence-Based, Easily Interpretable and Interspecific Metric of Welfare Loss
Authors: Alonso Wladimir J. , Schuck-Paim Cynthia
Published: August 2022

We describe a recently developed approach to quantify welfare loss in animals, the Cumulative Pain metric. It combines the two most relevant dimensions of negative affective experiences: intensity and duration. The metric enables estimating the time individuals spend in negative affective states of a physical or psychological nature (operationally referred to simply as ‘pain’) of different intensities as the result of one or more challenges (e.g., diseases, injuries, deprivations). A new notation protocol (the Pain-Track) is used in which the duration of the experience is represented along the horizontal axis and intensity is represented by four categories in the vertical axis. Pain experiences are partitioned into temporal segments, where hypotheses for the experienced duration and intensity are proposed based on existing welfare indicators (e.g., neurophysiological, behavioral, anatomical, evolutionary). This structure forces transparency about assumptions and uncertainties, highlights knowledge gaps, and enables estimates to be continuously adjusted. Because the Cumulative Pain metric is based on parameters with a broadly common biological meaning, it provides the much needed interoperability among assessments of animal welfare. It enables comparing the impact of practices and living conditions, policies and interventions, and the calculation of welfare footprints of animal-sourced products using a universal measurement unit.
Structuring the Complexity of Integrated Landscape Approaches into Selectable, Scalable, and Measurable Attributes
Authors: Waeber Patrick , Fellay Abigail , Garcia Claude , Carmenta Rachel , Estrada Carmona Natalia , Falk Thomas , Ghazoul Jaboury , Reed James , Willemen Louise , Zhang Wei , Kleinschroth Fritz
Published: August 2022

Integrated landscape approaches (ILA) aim to reconcile multiple, often competing, interests across agriculture, nature conservation, and other land uses. Recognized ILA design principles provide guidance for their implementation, yet application remains challenging, and a strong performance evidence-base is yet to be formed. A comprehensive literature review and focus group discussions with practitioners identified considerable diversity of ILA in actors, temporal, and spatial scales, inter alia. This diversity hampers learning from and steering these integrated planning approaches because of its intractable nature. Therefore, we developed a tool—an ‘ILA mixing board’—to structure the complexity of ILA into selectable and scalable attributes in a replicable way to allow planning, diagnostics, and comparative assessment of ILA. The ILA mixing board tool presents seven qualifiers, each representing a key attribute of ILA design and performance such as project flexibility, inclusiveness of the dialogue, and the centrality of the power distribution. Each qualifier has five (non-normative) outcome indicators that can be registered as present or absent. This process in turn guides planners, evaluators and other participating stakeholders involved in landscape management to diagnose the ILA type, and or its performance. We apply the ILA mixing board as a diagnostic tool to three ILA cases in Nicaragua, Madagascar, and the Congo Basin to show some of the many possible configurations of qualifiers on the mixing board. Overall, the tool allows comparative analyses of the complexity of ILA in a structured and manageable way.
Establishment of a Rabbit Liver Metastasis Model by Percutaneous Puncture of the Spleen and Implantation of the VX2 Tumor Strain under CT Guidance
Authors: Li Bing , Feng Guiling , Feng Xu , Zhang Qing , Zhang Chuan , Xu Xiaoxue , Yang Hanfeng , Du Yong
Published: August 2022

Objective: This study aimed to compare the feasibility, success rate, and safety of establishing a rabbit VX2 liver metastasis model by percutaneous splenic implantation under CT guidance and open splenic implantation of the VX2 tumor strain.Methods: Fifty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into group A (the percutaneous puncture group) (n = 25) and group B (the laparotomy group) (n = 25). In group A, 25 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with tumor strains by percutaneous splenic puncture under CT guidance. In group B, 25 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with tumor strains in the spleen by laparotomy. After 2-3 weeks of implantation, both group A and group B underwent MRI to confirm tumor growth in the spleen and metastasis to the liver. Two experimental rabbits randomly selected from groups A and B were killed for pathological examination. The success rate, complication rate, and operation time in groups A and B were compared and analyzed.Results: A total of 22 rabbits in group A were successfully modeled, and the success rate was 88% (22/25). The average time of tumor operation was 10.0 ± 3.4 minutes. A total of 21 rabbits in group B were successfully modeled, and the success rate was 85% (21/25). The average time of tumor operation in group B was 23.0 ± 6.2 minutes. There was no significant difference in the success rate of modeling between the two groups (P > 0.05). The MRI manifestations of liver metastases were multiple nodular and punctate abnormal signal shadows in the liver. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed a large number of tumor cells in the tumor area.Conclusion: CT-guided percutaneous splenic implantation of the VX2 tumor strain to establish a rabbit liver metastasis model is a minimally invasive and feasible modeling method. The success rate of this technique is not lower than that of open splenic implantation, with low mortality, low incidence of complications, and short operation time.
RNA binding protein HuR protects against NAFLD by suppressing long noncoding RNA H19 expression
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Tai Yunling , Way Grayson , Zeng Jing , Zhao Derrick , Su Lianyong , Jiang Xixian , Wang Xuan , Gurley Emily C , Liu Jinze , Liu Jinpeng , Chen Weidong , Wang Xiang-Ying , Sanyal Arun J , Hylemon Phillip B , Zhou Huiping
Published: August 2022

Background: NAFLD has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Human antigen R (HuR), an RNA-binding protein, is an important post-transcriptional regulator. HuR has been reported as a key player in regulating lipid homeostasis in the liver and adipose tissues by using tissue-specific HuR knockout mice. However, the underlying mechanism by which hepatocyte-specific HuR regulates hepatic lipid metabolism under metabolic stress remains unclear and is the focus of this study.Methods: Hepatocyte-specific HuR deficient mice (HuR hKO ) and age-/gender-matched control mice, as well as long-noncoding RNA H19 knockout mice (H19 -/- ), were fed a Western Diet plus sugar water (WDSW). Hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis were examined by histology, RNA transcriptome analysis, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. Bile acid composition was measured using LC-MS/MS. Results: Hepatocyte-specific deletion of HuR not only significantly increased hepatic lipid accumulation by modulating fatty acid synthesis and metabolism but also markedly induced inflammation by increasing immune cell infiltration and neutrophil activation. In addition, hepatic deficiency of HuR disrupted bile acid homeostasis and enhanced liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, HuR is a repressor of H19 expression. Analysis of a recently published dataset (GSE143358) identified H19 as the top upregulated gene in liver-specific HuR knockout mice. Similarly, hepatocyte-specific deficiency of HuR dramatically induced the expression of H19 and down-regulated the expression of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2). WDSW-induced hepatic lipid accumulation was alleviated in H19 -/- mice. Furthermore, downregulation of H19 alleviated WDSW-induced NAFLD in HuR hKO mice.Conclusions: HuR not only functions as an RNA binding protein to modulate post-transcriptional gene expression but also regulates H19 promoter activity. Hepatic HuR is an important regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism via modulating H19 expression.
Birth characteristics and risk of Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Wiemels Joseph L. , Wang Rong , Feng Qianxi , Yee Amy C. , Morimoto Libby M. , Metayer Catherine , Ma Xiaomei
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The incidence of Ewing sarcoma varies according to race and ethnicity, and genetic susceptibility is known to affect disease risk. Apart from these factors, the etiology of Ewing sarcoma is largely undescribed. Methods: We compared a population-based series of 556 Ewing sarcoma cases diagnosed in California in 1988-2015 with 50 controls per case frequency matched on the year of birth. Results: Compared to non-Latino Whites, Blacks (odds ratio [OR] = 0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.03-0.18), Asians (OR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.41-0.80), and Latinos (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62-0.88) have a significantly lower risk of Ewing sarcoma. In a multivariable analysis controlling for race/ethnicity and other birth characteristics (e.g., gestational age, mode of delivery, birth order, maternal age), birthweight was also identified as a significant risk factor (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.00-1.18 for each 500 g increase in birthweight). A separate family-based cancer clustering analysis did not suggest any strong role for familial predisposition alleles, despite evidence for such a role in other childhood sarcomas (rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma). Conclusions: In sum, this population-based study with minimal selection and no recruitment bias provides support for a role of accelerated fetal growth in the etiology of Ewing sarcoma in addition to more precise estimates of racial/ethnic variation in disease risk. This comparatively large analysis of birth characteristics and Ewing sarcoma in a multiethnic population should stimulate further investigations into genetic and environmental causes.
Combined effect of inhomogeneous strain-induced and anisotropy on friction in deep drawing of DC06EK sheet metal﻿
Authors: BELGUEBLI Amina , ZIDANE Ibrahim
Published: August 2022

The aim of this work is to simultaneously evaluate the effects of inhomogeneous strain-induced and anisotropy on the friction during the deep drawing of DC06EK sheet metal. To do that, stretched and unstretched DC06EK strips in different rolling directions (0°, 45° and 90°) with different levels of equivalent plastic strain were used in microscratch tests under the same conditions as those used in deep drawing process (DDP) coming from a local industry. The findings show that the coefficient of friction (COF) decreases as a function of the equivalent plastic strain for different rolling directions. Two empirical friction laws are obtained depending on the equivalent plastic strain following 0° and 90° to the rolling direction. Since the COF have a clear trend of regression except in the case for 45°. Trend lines of the COF following 0° and 90° converge to very closely values, since the effect of anisotropy disappears with the increase in the level of plastic strain.
mHealth Interventions to Improve Cancer Screening and Early Detection: Scoping Review of Reviews
Authors: Schliemann Désirée , Tan Min Min , Hoe Wilfred Mok Kok , Mohan Devi , Taib Nur Aishah , Donnelly Michael , Su Tin Tin
Published: August 2022

Background

Cancer screening provision in resource-constrained settings tends to be opportunistic, and uptake tends to be low, leading to delayed presentation and treatment and poor survival.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify, review, map, and summarize findings from different types of literature reviews on the use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies to improve the uptake of cancer screening.

Methods

The review methodology was guided by the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). Ovid MEDLINE, PyscINFO, and Embase were searched from inception to May 2021. The eligible criteria included reviews that focused on studies of interventions that used mobile phone devices to promote and deliver cancer screening and described the effectiveness or implementation of mHealth intervention outcomes. Key data fields such as study aims, types of cancer, mHealth formats, and outcomes were extracted, and the data were analyzed to address the objective of the review.

Results

Our initial search identified 1981 titles, of which 12 (0.61%) reviews met the inclusion criteria (systematic reviews: n=6, 50%; scoping reviews: n=4, 33%; rapid reviews: n=1, 8%; narrative reviews: n=1, 8%). Most (57/67, 85%) of the interventions targeted breast and cervical cancer awareness and screening uptake. The most commonly used mHealth technologies for increasing cancer screening uptake were SMS text messages and telephone calls. Overall, mHealth interventions increased knowledge about screening and had high acceptance among participants. The likelihood of achieving improved uptake-related outcomes increased when interventions used >1 mode of communication (telephone reminders, physical invitation letters, and educational pamphlets) together with mHealth.

Conclusions

mHealth interventions increase cancer screening uptake, although multiple modes used in combination seem to be more effective.
Gamifying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques on Smartphones for Bangkok’s Millennials With Depressive Symptoms: Interdisciplinary Game Development (Preprint)
Authors: Sriwatanathamma Poe , Sirivesmas Veerawat , Simatrang Sone , Bhowmik Nobonita Himani
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

There is serious concern over the annual increase in depressive symptoms among millennials in Bangkok, Thailand. Their daily routine revolves around the use of their smartphones for work and leisure. Although accessibility to mental health care is expanding, it cannot keep up with the demand for mental health treatment. Outside Thailand, multiple projects and studies have attempted to merge gamification mechanisms and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to create mobile health intervention apps and serious games with positive feedback. This presents an opportunity to explore the same approach in Thailand.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the development process of gamifying CBT techniques to support game mechanics in a visual narrative serious game, BlueLine. The primary target of this research is Bangkok’s millennials. In the game, players play as Blue, a Bangkok millennial who struggles to live through societal norms that influence his digital life and relationships. Through in-game scenarios, players will learn and understand how to lessen the impact of depressive symptoms via gamified interactions on their smartphones.

METHODS

First, this paper follows each development step of solidifying BlueLine’s game structure by integrating the Activating Events, Beliefs, Consequences, Disputation of Beliefs and Effective New Approaches (ABCDE) model and narrative in games. Second, the approach to select CBT and related therapeutic elements for gamification is based on suitability to the game structure. Throughout the process, CBT experts in Thailand have reviewed these scenarios. The approach forms the base of the player’s interactions throughout the scenarios in BlueLine, broken down into 4 types of gamified mechanisms: narrative, verbal interactions, physical interactions, and social media interactions.

RESULTS

With the game structure based on the ABCDE model, BlueLine scenarios implement gamified mechanisms in conjunction with the following CBT and related therapeutic elements: behavioral activation, self-monitoring, interpersonal skills, positive psychology, relaxation and mindful activities, and problem-solving. In each scenario, players guide Blue to overcome his triggered dysfunctional beliefs. During this process, players can learn and understand how to lessen the impact of depressive symptoms through gamified interactions.

CONCLUSIONS

This paper presents the development process of gamifying CBT and related therapeutic techniques in BlueLine game scenarios. A scenario can harbor multiple techniques, including behavioral activation, self-monitoring, interpersonal skills, positive psychology, relaxation and mindful activities, and problem-solving. BlueLine’s game structure does not limit the fact that the same combination of CBT elements ties each gamified mechanism.
An Adaptive Micro-Contingency Management: Lessons Learned from a Mobile Health Intervention for Preventing Prolonged Sedentariness (Preprint)
Authors: Choi Woohyeok , Lee Uichin
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

A growing body of evidence shows that financial incentives can effectively reinforce individuals' positive behavioral change and improve compliance with health intervention programs. A critical factor for the design of incentive-based interventions would be setting a proper incentive magnitude. However, it is highly challenging to determine such magnitudes because the effects of incentive magnitude highly depend on personal attitudes and contexts.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to illustrate an adaptive micro-contingency management (AMCM), in which users' micro-behavioral changes are rewarded with particular incentive amounts that are adaptively estimated based on individuals' prior behaviors on different incentives and contexts, and to describe lessons learned from a feasibility study.

METHODS

We implemented a mobile health intervention app for preventing prolonged sedentary lifestyles, in which participants received a behavioral suggestion (i.e., an active break mission) with a particular incentive that was offered after adherence to the suggestion when they uninterruptedly sat for 50 minutes. Participants were distributed into either the fixed (i.e., rewarding positive behavior with the same incentive) or the adaptive incentive group (i.e., rewarding positive behavior with varying incentives estimated by the AMCM), and the intervention lasted for three weeks.

RESULTS

We recruited forty-one participants (15 females; fixed incentive group: 20 participants; adaptive incentive group: 21 participants) whose mean age was 24.0 (SD: 3.8; range: 19-34). Mission success rates did not show statistically significant differences by group (0.66 and 0.61 for the fixed and adaptive groups, respectively; P=.541). The follow-up analysis on the adaptive incentive group revealed the influence of incentive magnitudes on mission success was not statistically significant (OR=0.98; P=.184). Based on the qualitative interview, such results were possibly due to participants having had sufficient intrinsic motivation and less sensitivity to incentive magnitudes.

CONCLUSIONS

While our AMCM did not show significant effects on users' behavior occurrence likelihood, this study configures a pioneer work toward adaptively estimating incentives by user behaviors and contexts through leveraging mobile sensing and machine learning. We hope that this study inspires researchers in developing various incentive-based interventions.
Ice flavor-related discussions on Twitter: a content analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Galimov Artur , assey Julia , Galstyan Ellen , Unger Jennifer B. , Kirkpatrick Matthew G. , Allem Jon-Patrick
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

After the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) restricted characterizing flavors in tobacco products, ‘ice’ hybrid-flavored e-cigarettes, which combine a cooling flavor with fruit or other flavors (e.g., banana ice), have recently emerged on the market. Like menthol, ‘ice’ flavors produce a cooling sensory experience. However, they may not fit into existing flavor profile categories such as characterizing flavors or menthol, limiting regulatory action. Monitoring the public’s conversations about ‘ice’-flavored e-cigarettes on social media may help inform the tobacco control community about these products and contribute to the FDA policy targets in the future.

OBJECTIVE

This study documented the themes pertaining to vaping and ‘ice’ flavor-related conversations on Twitter.

METHODS

Posts containing vaping-related (e.g., “vape”, “ecig”, “e-juice”, “e-cigarette”) and ‘ice’-related (i.e., “Cool,” “Frost,” “Arctic”) terms were collected from Twitter’s Streaming Application Programming Interface between January 1, 2021, to July 21, 2021. After removing retweets, we selected a random sample of (n=2001) posts for the content analysis. Themes were developed through an inductive approach. Theme co-occurrence was also examined.

RESULTS

Posts were often marked as (or consisted of) marketing material (51.9%), contained positive personal testimonials (47.0%), and mentioned disposable pod (19.8%) and CBD products (7.0%). The most common co-occurring themes in a single tweet were related to marketing and disposable pod devices (12.0%).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that ‘ice’-flavored e-cigarette products are actively marketed on social media while the messages about them are overwhelmingly positive. Public health education campaigns may help to reduce positive social norms about ‘ice’-flavored products, while banning tobacco marketing posts on social media may limit their promotion to the public.
Reliability and Concurrent Validity of a Stethoscope and Health-App System for the Quantification of Breath Rate in Healthy Adults (Preprint)
Authors: BECERRO DE BENGOA VALLEJO RICARDO , LOSA IGLESIAS MARTA ELENA , ROBLES SANCHEZ OSCAR DAVID
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Applications (Apps) for smartphones that can measure the breath rate easily can be downloaded.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of this type of App for a smartphone with an Android-based operating system compared to the conventional stethoscope to guide effective use of such a system by healthcare professionals and the general population.

METHODS

(1) One using a stethoscope placed in the upper area of the right lung and (2) a breath counter by Vadion©: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.softrove.app.bc on a Samsung® Fold smartphone.

RESULTS

This study demonstrated high reliability and validity with respect to the bpm parameter of healthy adults using two systems. Intra-session reliability measure using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was > 0.962, indicating excellent reliability. Moreover, the ICC between methods was 0.793 indicating good reliability, and coefficients of variation of method errors (CVME) values were 1.83% with very low values in terms of other reliability parameters. We found significant correlation coefficients and no systematic differences between the app and the stethoscope methods.

CONCLUSIONS

App-based systems can serve as valid instruments for the assessment of breath rate in healthy adults.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eHealth use in daily practice and life: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with Dutch-speaking general practitioners in Belgium. (Preprint)
Authors: Yagiz Jan Ismail , Goderis Geert
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 crisis has led to rapid and far-reaching changes in digital healthcare, but little is known about what, why and how changes occurred in eHealth use in Flemish general practice during the pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to understand how physicians perceive and evaluate eHealth solutions and their eHealth experience during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured one-on-one in-depth interviews with the help of an interview guide. In this study, several areas were identified beforehand to help assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These included the; perceptions of digital technologies in general practitioner practices; changes in the use of these technologies during and after the COVID-19 pandemic; the adaptation of general practitioners to digitalization, the benefits, risks, and challenges of eHealth; the motivations of general practitioners; and future perspectives on eHealth. In this study, purposive sampling and snowballing methods were used. Between October 2021 and April 2022, we interviewed 15 Dutch-speaking general practitioners in the Flemish region via the Zoom online conferencing tool.

RESULTS

We found that eHealth was used more frequently during the COVID-19 pandemic than before and helped general practitioners reduce their workload. The study showed greater accessibility to healthcare services with eHealth use and the complementary use of digital and physical consultations. Our findings revealed a significant cognitive shift in physicians' perceptions, causing them to be more open and prepared to adopt eHealth solutions. However, there remains significant doubt and uncertainty about digital literacy for certain groups, privacy, data security, reimbursement, and the burden of technical ICT issues.

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a tipping point for the adoption of eHealth by Flemish general practitioners. eHealth is an essential complementary healthcare offering and can reduce pressure on healthcare as well as increase healthcare accessibility. Sensitive aspects such as privacy, data security, digital literacy, reimbursement, and the burden of technical ICT issues are particularly emphasized.
Analysis of railway systems applying complex networks: the case of Mexican Railway system
Authors: Hernández González Salvador , Flores De La Mota Idalia
Published: August 2022

At the 2014 International Transport Forum, it was established that ports, border crossings and key industrial centers in Mexico are well connected. Under this premise, the Mexican rail network was analyzed applying the complex networks approach; through the corresponding performance measures, the relevance of the stations was determined; then the robustness against targeted attacks and against random failures was analyzed. The degree follows an exponential probability distribution; it was identified a set of nodes that controls 19% of the shortest routes; two cities are included in the set; five points are closest to the rest of nodes; the same two cities are also included in the set. Through the closeness centrality we observed that in the Mexican network the distance between the stations shows low variability. The network is sensitive attacks directed to the nodes with the highest betweenness value; the number of components increases faster compared to random failures. This work is of interest to those responsible for the management and planning of transport systems.
Aplicación práctica de las funciones Cópula en el Análisis de Frecuencias Bivariado (Q,V) de Crecientes Anuales
Authors: Campos Aranda Daniel Francisco
Published: August 2022

El estudio por seguridad hidrológica de los embalses requiere la estimación del hidrograma de su creciente de diseño. La manera más simple y aproximada para definir tal gráfica, es a través del análisis de frecuencias bivariado (AFB) para obtener el gasto máximo (Q) y el volumen (V), asociados a un cierto periodo de retorno conjunto de diseño. Las funciones Cópula modelan la dependencia entre Q y V, a la vez que permiten construir la distribución bivariada con base en las distribuciones univariadas marginales previamente adoptadas. El uso de las funciones Cópula implica dos ventajas, separan el efecto de la dependencia entre Q y V, de las influencias de las distribuciones marginales y son de aplicación simple. Se realizó el AFB de los 52 datos de Q y V anuales de las crecientes de entrada a la Presa Venustiano Carranza (Don Martín), del estado de Coahuila, México; aplicando las funciones Cópula de Clayton, Frank, Gumbel-Hougaard y Plackett. El enfoque práctico adoptado utiliza funciones Cópula de un solo parámetro de ajuste y selecciona la más adecuada con base en los errores de ajuste entre probabilidades bivariadas. Debido a su importancia, la búsqueda de las funciones marginales se realizó con la distancia absoluta mínima, a las seis distribuciones que expone el diagrama de cocientes L. Se detalla el cálculo de la gráfica del periodo de retorno conjunto de tipo AND. Por último, se citan dos Conclusiones que destacan las ventajas del uso de las funciones Cópula en los AFB de crecientes.
Prediction of Skin Diseases Using Machine Learning
Authors: Suman B. , Harika N. , Sruthi B. , Bhagyasree B.
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Dermatological diseases are found to induce a serious impact on the health of millions of people as everyone is affected by almost all types of skin disorders every year. Since the human analysis of such diseases takes some time and effort, and current methods are only used to analyze singular types of skin diseases, there is a need for a more high-level computeraided expertise in the analysis and diagnosis of multi-type skin diseases. This paper proposes an approach to use computer-aided techniques in Machine learning such as Ensemble Algorithm and Data Mining Algorithms to predict skin diseases real-time and thus provides more accuracy than other techniques.
Bilateral Cleft Lip and Unilateral Cleft Palate with Unilateral Renal Agenesis: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Shah Siddhartha , Khadka Sanchita , Birajee Gajendra , Shah Lokraj , Koirala Bandana
Published: August 2022

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are one of the most frequently occurring
craniofacial congenital anomalies. A syndromic association is frequently
seen in such cases. A feeding obturator is a prosthetic aid that assists
a patient in obturating a cleft until surgery is performed.