bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary impact of IFRS 9 implementation on the Lebanese banking sector
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Lebanese University, Lebanon, Dib Darine , Feghali Khalil
Published: October 2021

Research Question: What is the impact of the new requirements of the expected credit loss (ECL) model on the Lebanese banking sector? Motivation: In spite the expansion of research in respect of International Financial Reporting Standard N0. 9 (IFRS 9) in the past few years, it is still in its infancy in developing countries. Meanwhile, empirical IFRS 9 studies for banks is yet considered little as compared to the theoretical aspect. Our study seeks to fill this gap by testing the impact of IFRS 9 on the Lebanese banking sector. This paper is the first comprehensive attempt to empirically assess the estimated impact of IFRS 9 as disclosed in the 2017 financial statements. Idea: This study examines if the increase in provision based on the new ECL is strongly positively related to the average credit losses for the last 5 years, the current provisions level for the loans portfolio, the portfolio of investment securities, and the portfolio of liquid assets. Data: The data were collected from 19 consolidated banks representing 91% of the total consolidated balance sheet of all Lebanese banks. Tools: To test study’s hypotheses, we applied linear regression using SPSS. Findings: Two main results can be derived: First, we found that the impact of the new ECL model is not material to the banks’ equity if we consider the excess regulatory provisions booked in anticipation of IFRS 9. Second, we found that the increase in provision based on the ECL model is strongly positively related to the portfolio of investments securities and negatively related to the historical credit loss ratio. Contribution: Empirical IFRS 9 studies for banks is yet considered little as compared to the theoretical aspect. Our study seeks to fill this gap by testing the impact of IFRS 9 on the Lebanese banking sector. The Lebanese banks are an interesting case because they play a key role in the Lebanese economy, acting as the main channel for capital inflows into the country and financing the largest part of the government’s current account deficit.
Managers’ attitude and organizational culture for social media use in supply chain efficiency and responsiveness
Authors:   San Diego State University, Imperial Valley Campus, California, USA, Özlen Muhammed Kürşad
Published: October 2021

Research Question: The research model proposes that (a) Managers' Attitude and Organizational Culture are fundamental in using Social Media for supply chain activities, and (b) Social Media Use increases Responsiveness and Operational Efficiency. Motivation: IT professionals are continuously improving advanced software programs for business activities to leverage their activities and benefits. Beside that there are Social Media platforms which provide online presence to the company and enhance communication of people. Literature has studies regarding the use of Social Media for supply chain activities which mainly focus on enhancing marketing and customer relationships and the integration of supply chains. However, there is scarcity of research from organizational and employee perspectives. Idea: This study aims to see the influence of Managers’ attitude and Organizational culture for Social Media usage of supply chain professionals in their supply chain activities. Data: In order to test the relationships, a survey is conducted among 200 employees/professionals employed across 44 BiH SMEs which are parts of existing supply chains from various sectors. Tools: Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis-CFA and regression analysis are employed by using SPSS (version 20) software program. Findings: BiH companies have high operational efficiency and positive considerations about all model components. The results also show that the model works well in all dimensions. Contribution: This research serves as a good basis/template for similar future studies especially in BiH environment. Besides that, since there is few research from organizational and employee perspectives, this study purposes to see the impact of Managers’ attitude and Organizational Culture for Social Media usage of supply chain professionals in their supply chain activities.
International legal aspects of the Eurasian Economic Union Foreign Trade Policy
Authors: Turlanov D. A. , Turlanova I. M.
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION. The Eurasian economic union (EAEU) institutions have a huge competence delegated by the EAEU Member-States. Effective implementation of such competence, especially in foreign trade, entails relevant international activity of the EAEU institutions. In this connection the article analyses international capability of the EAEU, relevant experience of the European Union as well as actual status and perspectives of the EAEU international activity in foreign trade.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research is based on the analysis of the EAEU legislation, recent works of relevant researchers, experience of the European Union in respect of international cooperation. Methodological instruments are analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction and analogy.

RESEARCH RESULTS. Successful development of foreign trade activity of the EAEU Member-States depends on effectiveness of the EAEU international activity. The research shows that EAEU international activity in foreign trade is not as effective as it could be. This has a negative impact on foreign market accessibility for the EAEU Member-States goods. In view of the above a thorough research of appropriate EU legal base was conducted. It shows, that effectiveness of the EU in promotion of its interests on the international stage, including in the foreign trade, is based on relevant legal mechanisms, which allows to take into account both positions of the EU and its Member-States. Such experience with combination of the specific characters of Eurasian integration will help to make necessary amendments to the EAEU legal base to increase its effectiveness.

DISCUSSION AND CONLUSIONS. The author makes conclusion on the necessity of amendments to the EAEU international activity legal base, with use of the researched European Union experience. In particular, the EAEU institutions need additional competence for more independence and flexibility at international level. This will improve the EAEU international activity, including conclusion of free trade agreements (regardless of concluded agreements of the EAEU, the scale of international activity of the EAEU is not comparable with the European Union’s one), create conditions for export promotion, and help to strengthen the EAEU image as independent participant of international relations.
Gun and Fire-Steel Flints, Gun Supplies of the 18th C. Annenskaya Fortress on the Lower Don
Authors:   Donetsk State University, Kolesnik Alexander V. ,   State Autonomous Cultural Institution of the Rostov region "Don Heritage", Elkin Roman P. ,   Archaeological society “Heritage”, Gusach Irina R. ,   Azov Historical, Archaeological and Paleontological Museum-Reserve
Published: October 2021

The Annenskaya fortress is a well-preserved star-shaped earthen bastion located on the right bank of the Don river near the Starocherkassk fortress. Near the Annenskaya fortress, there were unfortified Soldatskaya and Dolomanovskaya villages. The Annenskaya fortification mainly functioned from 1733 to 1760, while the pinnacle of its population (the garrison reached 9,000 people) fell at the Russian-Turkish war of 1735–1739. There were no archaeological excavations at the site, the picked-up findings were collected by various authors in 2000, 2003–2006. Among the findings, there are religious objects, military ammunition, household remains. Significant part of inventory amount gun and fire-steel flints, gun supplies (bullets). The analysis of these materials is the main purpose of the paper. The collection of gun flints includes intact samples (50 pcs) and fragments (22 pcs). Some of them (6 pcs) were preserved in lead clips. A significant part of the worn-out gun flints (22 pcs) were reused as tinderbox components to kindle a fire for domestic purposes. The most of gun and fire-steel flints are made of carboniferous flint raw materials (probably geological sources of the Upper Volga basin). The collection is complemented by lead bullets of two main calibers, i.e. of 8, 13–15 и 17–18 mm in diameter.
Pengaruh Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Business Risk, Firm Size, Book Value Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Kasus Pada Sektor Industri Dasar dan Kimia)
Authors: Hantono Hantono , Sari Ike Rukmana , Chiquita Chiquita , Levina Levina , Gloriana Monica , Sabaryanti Sabaryanti
Published: October 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Business Risk, Firm Size, and Book Value on Stock Prices in companies in the Basic and Chemical Industry sector. This research is quantitative descriptive. The results showed that simultaneously Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Business Risk, Firm Size, and Book Value variables had a significant effect on stock prices. Partially, Business Risk variables that use ROE ratios have a significant effect on stock prices. Whereas, the Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Firm Size, and Book Value variables do not have a significant effect on stock prices.Keywords: Debt to equity ratio, Current ratio, Business risk, Firm size, Book Value and Stock price.
Impact of delayed diagnosis on catch-up growth of children and adolescents with primary hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Madu Archana , Prasad Hemchand Krishna , Thiagarajan Anand , Narayanasamy Kannan , Krishnamoorthy Nedunchelian
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

There is a paucity of data on impact of therapy of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) on catch-up growth. The objective of the study was to determine whether delayed diagnosis of HT and overt primary hypothyroidism has an impact on the catch-up of children and adolescents.

Material and Methods:

We conducted a prospective observational study over 3 years, in the thyroid clinic of a referral unit in South India. We assessed chronological age (CA), auxological parameters, clinical presentation, bone age (BA), and predicted adult height (PAH) in subjects with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and overt primary hypothyroidism. Management and follow-up done as per standard protocols and study parameters reassessed after 1 year of therapy.

Results:

We recruited 38 subjects and divided them into two groups – Group 1 with BA within 2 standard deviations (SD) of CA (n = 20) and Group 2 beyond 2 SD (n = 18). During 1 year follow-up, height Z-scores were −0.1 ± 1.4 (baseline) and −0.1 ± 1.1 (endpoint) and −1.7 ± 1.7 (baseline) and −1.3 ± 1.3 (endpoint) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. BA: CA ratio changed from 1.0 ± 0.1 to 1.0 ± 0.1 in Group 1 (P > 0.05) versus 0.7 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.1 in Group 2 (P < 0.05). The number of children who were pre-pubertal: pubertal changed from 15:5 to 11:9 in Group 1 and 14:4 to 7:11 in Group 2. For Group 1, baseline PAH Z score was −0.5 ± 1.7 and endpoint PAH Z score was −0.7 ± 1.6 versus a target height Z score of −1.1 ± 1.1 (P > 0.05); Group 2, the baseline PAH Z score −1.1 ± 1.6 and endpoint PAH Z score −2.2 ± 1.4 versus target height Z-score of −0.4 ± 1.7.

Conclusion:

Delayed diagnosis and treatment of juvenile autoimmune hypothyroidism results in permanent loss of height potential.
Islet Autoantibodies, Assay Specificity and Disease Specificity
Authors:   Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA, L He , X Jia ,   Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA, L Yu ,   Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
Published: October 2021

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, which is caused by destruction of insulinproducing pancreatic beta cells. Its incidence increases 3-5% annually and doubles every 20 years [1,2]. On one hand, acute and chronic complications of T1D seriously affect the quality of life and even life span of patients. On the other hand, prognosis can greatly be improved when the disease prediction and closely monitoring are applied, leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment [3]. Islet Autoantibodies (IAbs), as most reliable biomarkers at present for islet autoimmunity, precede clinical T1D by years and play an essential role in prediction and clinical diagnosis of T1D [4,5].
Interposition of the Anterior Tibial Tendon between the Medial and Intermediate Cuneiforms in Lisfranc Injuries: Report of Two Cases
Authors:   Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao Area, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Q Dong , Z Qu ,   Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao Area, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, G Wang ,   Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao Area, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, H Huang ,   Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao Area, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
Published: October 2021

Total lateral incongruity type Lisfranc injury may cause skin problems and compartment syndrome, manual reduction and temporary immobilization are usually needed. However, sometimes-manual reduction is not easy to achieve due to the prevention of reduction by interposed soft tissues. We report two cases of irreducible Lisfranc injuries due to interposition of the anterior tibial tendon between the medial and intermediate cuneiform bones. Our recommendation for manual reduction in total lateral incongruity with suspicion of the anterior tibial tendon’s interposition is to push up the forefoot dorsally under the distraction, abduct the forefoot, displace the forefoot medially, and adduct the forefoot in sequence.
Prospective study to assess socio demographic and clinical profile of non-compliant patients on topical anti glaucoma medications in rural hospital in southern India
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of ophthalmology, Kodagu Institute of Medical sciences, Madikeri, Karnataka, INDIA., shakir Farheen Sana
Published: October 2021

Background: Aim: To assess the socio demographic and clinical profile of non-compliant primary open angle glaucoma patients on topical antiglaucoma medications. To assess the reasons for noncompliance in these patients. Methodology: This study was an Observational study which was conducted in Ophthalmology OPD at Kodagu Institute of Medical Sciences, Madikeri, from March 2020 to June 2021. Patients selected were those on topical medications for primary open angle glaucoma of age > 18 years. 95 patients were selected and where given questionnaire. The formula used here to calculate the sample size was sample size n= Za2 p(1-p)/ e2. The prevalence of POAG is 3.51 %(1 Hence n=83. We have included 95 patients in our study. The statistical analysis was done using percentage, frequency and Chi square test. Approval from the ethical committee of the institution was taken before starting the study. Informed consent of the patient was taken. Patients were given the questionnaire and were asked to answer. The questionnaire included- mentioning the details of the antiglaucoma drug being used, duration of usage,missing of doses, reasons for missing the dosage etc was provided to the patients. Results: Total number of 95 patients took part in this study. Among them males and females were 45.2% and 54.7% respectively. Missing of dosage in the previous two weeks was considered as non compliant with regimen. Results showed that 28 out of 95 patients, (29.4%) were non compliant to the drug regime. Conclusion: In glaucoma patients, adherence to topical antiglaucoma medications is a major challenge As antiglaucoma therapy has to be used for lifelong and requires continuous care, awareness has to be created regarding the consequences of missing their medication and the importance of adhering to prescribed regimens. Different aspects about the cost of the medication, drug usage frequency, and side effects has to be considered and not just intraocular pressure control. Complete understanding of these factors and good counseling of the patient and their attenders can definitely improve the compliance of such patients and therefore the success of the treatment.
Manual práctico de enfermería intensiva
Authors: Benites Beltran Yessenia Paulina , Chacha Uto David Gustavo , Carchi Flores Erika Michelle , Hurtado Hurtado Herminia Piedad , Castro Pomaquiza María Magaly , Cruz Toro Diana Elizabeth , Andrea Estefania Anrango Paredes , Castillo Reimundo Paola Estefania , Rodriguez Delgado Edwin Damián , Lopez Orrala Armando Cristhian
Published: October 2021

La medicina como ciencia se divide en especialidades, cada una de estas se convierten a su vez en un campo de estudio en sí, al mismo tiempo que atienden enfermedades y aflicciones referidas a la especialidad. En este sentido la medicina crítica, también denominada medicina intensivista; se refiere a la especialidad médica encargada de atender a pacientes cuya aflicción implique que su vida esté en riesgo y al mismo tiempo puedan ser recuperables. La medicina crítica se ha convertido en una de las especialidades más importante de la ciencia de la salud, debido al objetivo bajo el que se establece, el cual es la estabilización de los pacientes cuyo estado de salud amenace potencialmente su vida y sean susceptibles a recuperación. El texto que se presenta a continuación sustentado en una investigación bibliográfica, podría valorarse como una guía o herramienta, destinada fundamentalmente al personal de enfermería que ofrece atención profesional a pacientes de extrema gravedad bajo una característica particular al observar de forma constante su evolución, pues expone un bagaje de información relacionada con los cuidados y procedimientos relacionados con la medicina crítica.
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK LOW METHOXYL PECTIN TERAMIDASI PADA SAMPEL BAHAN ALAM
Authors: Amalia Fania Dewi , Laeliocattleya Rosalina Ariesta , Estiasih Teti
Published: October 2021

Pektin merupakan polisakarida yang dapat ditemukan pada tanaman dan banyak digunakan sebagai gelling agent, pengemulsi, pengembang, dan penstabil, serta digunakan dalam bidang farmasi dan kosmetik. Pektin dapat diekstraksi dari beberapa komoditas yang pada umumnya akan menghasilkan High Methoxyl Pectin (HMP). Selain HMP, jenis lain dari pektin yaitu Low Methoxyl Pectin (LMP) juga memiliki lebih banyak sifat fungsional seperti sebagai pembentuk gel rendah gula, bioabsorben logam berat, dan senyawa pencegah kanker. HMP dapat diubah menjadi LMP dengan metode demetoksilasi salah satunya adalah demetoksilasi amonia. Metode demetoksilasi amonia ini juga menyebabkan adanya amida pada rantai pektin yang memberikan beberapa keuntungan seperti pembentukan gel pektin yang lebih mudah dan gel yang terbentuk lebih tahan terhadap sineresis. Kata kunci: Demetoksilasi Amonia, Low Methoxyl Pectin, Pektin
Perbandingan Penambahan Ekstrak Teh pada Karakteristik Kimia Caspian Sea Yoghurt
Authors: Maharani Shinta , Rahayu Anita , Azizah Dewi Nur , Rahayu Dwi Lestari
Published: October 2021

Yoghurt merupakan susu fermentasi yang manfaat yang baik untuk tubuh. Adanya penambahan antioksidan seperti senyawa polifenol dari berbagai variasi air seduhan teh dapat memberikan dampak yang lebih baik bagi tubuh.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan karakteristik kimia Caspian Sea Yoghurt yang ditambah dengan air seduhan teh hijau, hitam dan putih. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 7 perlakuan terhadap variasi teh yang ditambahkan pada yoghurt yaitu 10% air seduhan teh hijau (10g teh/100ml air), 50% air seduhan teh hijau (5g teh/100ml air), 10% air seduhan teh hitam, 50% air seduhan teh hitam, 10% air seduhan teh putih, 50% air seduhan teh putih dan yoghurt tanpa penambahan teh. Fermentasi dilakukan pada suhu ± 30oC selama 12 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan air seduhan teh dan lama waktu fermentasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar asam laktat, nilai pH dan kadar polifenol pada yoghurt teh. Makin banyak penambahan air seduhan teh maka kadar asam laktat dan pH yoghurt akan semakin rendah, namun kadar polifenol akan semakin tinggi. Sedangkan untuk waktu fermentasi, makin lama waktu fermentasi maka pH yoghurt akan semakin rendah sedangkan kadar asam laktat semakin tinggi. Kadar polifenol tertinggi terdapat pada yoghurt dengan penambahan air seduhan teh hijau sedangkan kadar polifenol terendah terdapat pada yogurt dengan penambahan air seduhan teh putih.
Ethnic minority language culture, places with original tay language elements and names inconsistence in Tuyen Quang provinces
Authors: Thi Ngu Duong , Ngoc Huy Dinh Tran
Published: October 2021

The article is composed statistically using maps of all types, documents on marital status, family records, and administrative documents (collectively referred to as Vietnamese documents). Place names with elements of Tay origin in Tuyen Quang province based on 4 districts (Chiem Hoa, Lam Binh, Na Hang, and Son Duong) were researched, with the intention of gaining insight into place names with original elements that come from ethnic minority languages in Vietnam, being read and written in different ways. The difference in the phonetics and writing of Tay language compared to Vietnamese, is one of the reasons that place names with elements of Tay origin in Tuyen Quang province, are used inconsistently, resulting in different ways of reading, and writing a place name. Therefore, there is a need to standardize all place names located in the province.
The Use of English on Instagram Captions: A Case Study in Camera Indonesia Photography Community
Authors: Nani Prihatmi Tutut , Anjarwati Rini , Rahayu Puji
Published: October 2021

Along with Instagram's growing popularity as the primary medium for sharing photos and videos, the world of photography is also expanding at a rapid pace. The Instagram caption is always dropped every time people upload on social media. Photo captions often act as a result of critical thinking and a way to communicate ideas. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach to collect and describe information about using English caption on Instagram photos from the perspectives of Camera Indonesia photography community members: frequency, the purpose for dropping captions in English, its effect on their photo works, and how they view English captions on others people’ photo captions. Using 10 members as the respondents, the study found that writing caption in English acts mostly as self-expression and has not yet been done on a daily basis as the respondents do not habituate reading English materials.
Yûnus Emre’de Makro Ölçekte Ritim
Authors: TULUM Günay
Published: October 2021

İnsanın ferdî ve içtimaî varlığının izleri pek çok vasıtayla takip edilebilir. Manzum ve mensur kaleme alınmış çeşitli dil ve kültür malzemelerini içeren edebiyat tarihi bunlardan biridir. Zira ferdin kültürü, içinde bulunduğu sınıfın ve toplumun kültüründen soyutlanamaz. Şu açıktır ki kültürde birlik, aynı dili konuşan ve birlikte yaşayan insanların kurduğu birliktir çünkü aynı dili konuşmak, başka bir dili konuşan insanlardan farklı şekilde düşünmek, hissetmek ve onlardan farklı heyecanlara sahip olmak demektir. Türk Edebiyatı tarihinde kendi zamanının dilini işleyerek meydana getirdiği edebî eserlerle yedi asırdan beri kültür birliğini sürdürmemizi sağlayan Türkçenin klasik şairi Yûnus Emre’nin bu başarısı, dikkatimizi onun kullandığı dil üzerinde toplamamız gerektiğini göstermektedir. Bu makalede Oğuzcaya dayalı yerli ve millî bir yazı dilinin kuruluş dönemi şairlerinden olan Yûnus Emre’nin eserlerinde makro ölçekteki ritmi/âhengi yakalamak için hangi bakışımlı/paralel cümlelerden yararlandığı etraflıca incelenecektir.
The evaluation of urinary vanillylmandelic acid level in patients with generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Farzana Yeasmin Mukta  , Qazi Shamima Akhter  , Shamanta Islam  , Khushbun Nahar Layla  , Afrina Binte Azad  , Kazi Lutfar Rahman  , Sudipta Sarker  , Syed Tasin Bin Shahid
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives: The prevalence of anxiety disorders is increasing in the world. Studies revealed that generalized anxiety disorder may lead to change in circulating catecholamine levels. Thus, the changes of catecholamine metabolite like urinary vanillylmandelic acid may increase the future risk of thrombotic diseases in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The aim of this present study is to evaluate urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2019 to June 2020.After obtaining ethical clearance, a total 144 individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria with age ranging from 18-50 years. Group A was study group selected from Out Patient Department of Psychiatry of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka diagnosed by the experienced psychiatrist. Group B was control group who were apparently healthy adults selected from different area of Dhaka city. The subjects were interviewed and detailed history regarding personal, family, medical and drug history were taken. Prior to sample collection, informed written consent was taken from the participants. Urinary vanillylmandelic acid levels were measured in the Department of Endocrinology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka. Statistical analysis: For statistical analysis, Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test was considered using SPSS 25.0 version. Results: Urinary vanillylmandelic acid of generalized anxiety disorder patients was significantly higher (p< 0.001) than control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that generalized anxiety disorder patients may have more chance of thrombotic diseases due to significantly higher urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels than healthy adults.
New genomic regions for resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) through GBS-based genome-wide association study in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Authors: Mariana Vaz Bisneta  , Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal  , Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho  , Júlio Cesar Ferreira Elias  , Giseli Valentini  , Laíze Raphaelle Lemos Lima  , Maria da Conceição Martiniano-Souza  , Andrea Ariani  , Paul Gepts
Published: October 2021

The most effective strategy to manage bean anthracnose (ANT), caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, is the use of resistant cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate resistance reactions of common bean accessions to C. lindemuthianum races 2, 9 and 1545, and to perform genome-wide association study (GWAS). Hence, 89 accessions were phenotyped and genotyped through genotyping by sequencing (GBS). As a result, 48 accessions resistant to all evaluated races were identified. Moreover, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) significantly associated with resistance were identified in new regions of chromosomes Pv03, Pv05 and Pv06, and also at the beginning of Pv04 and end of Pv11, where other resistance genes have been previously found. In reference genome these regions contain model genes encoding resistance proteins as kinases, leucine-rich repeats, receptor-like protein, copper transport protein, pentatricopeptide repeats, calcium-dependent protein kinases, and ethylene-responsive transcription factors. The genomic regions associated to ANT resistance found in this study should be validated for further use in marker assisted selection and gene pyramiding. Together with new sources of ANT resistance our findings show promise for further crop improvement.
Entrepreneurship and dignity of man in Igbo Worldview
Authors: Peter Chukwuemeka Iloanya  , John Nwanegbo-Ben
Published: October 2021

One of the greatest values in Igbo cosmology just like most people of the world is the dignity of the human person; and the parlance that there is dignity in labour is not strange to the Igbo people of Nigeria. In fact, it would be said that ndi Igbo are the people that understood the parlance better than every other people of the world. Consequently, an Igbo person does anything humanly possible to acquire the dignity bestowed by labour on humanity through genuine means he or she knows how.One will now wonder little why ndi Igbo engage in all sorts of enterprise excluding none. This is because they believe that it is in enterprise that man’s dignity is haboured. Physically, among the factors that enhance man’s dignity, wealth is the simplest and most visible that one can easily access; ndi Igbo believe that it is through ones enterprise that wealth can be created. Therefore, the paperseeks to consider analytically those enterprenual activities that ndi Igbo explore such as Igbaboi, Imuahia, olu aka and other entrepreneurial and apprenticeship system through which they ensure that wealth keep on circulating in their midst in other to ensure that man’ dignity remains sacrosanct in Igbo cosmology.
Genetic diversity of the Algerian peanut population analyzed using morphological markers and seed storage proteins
Authors: Djeghim H. , Bellil I. , Khelifi D.
Published: October 2021

Background. The peanut is one of the most important oil crops suitable for cultivation in the tropical areas of the world. Despite its agronomic importance, few studies have been carried out to assess the morphogenetic diversity of Arachis hypogaea L., especially in East African countries. The major interest of this morphologic study lies in the potential of this species to provide useful genes for the improvement of cultivated peanuts. To date, no study has been performed in Algeria to characterize local peanut varieties.

Materials and methods. Thirty peanut accessions were collected from four principal areas of peanut production in Algeria. Genetic characterization using 15 agronomic characters and 25 morphological descriptors showed a high level of diversity among accessions. Principal Component Analysis and the Hierarchical Ascendant Classification were made to clarify the genetic relationship between peanut accessions.

Results and discussion. Results showed that leaflet size (length and width), seed shape and size, oil content, and branching pattern were the principal characters to discriminate the screened A. hypogaea accessions. In addition to that, the weights of 10 pods and 100 seeds were the most variable traits and presented a CV of 42.53% and 40.12%, respectively. On the other hand, total storage proteins extracted were separated using SDS-PAGE and revealed thirty bands that were used to generate a matrix and make a cluster analysis using the UPGMA method, exhibiting different storage proteins compositions. Moreover , the phenotypic diversity observed agrees with the storage protein profile diversity, while the accessions grouped in similar clusters belong to the two subspecies of A. hypogaea. The results of the current study show that morphological traits and seed storage proteins can be useful for exploring the diversity among A. hypogaea accessions.
Cultivars and lines from ICARDA in spring durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) breeding in the Lower Volga region
Authors: Gaponov S. N. , Shutareva G. I. , Tsetva N. M. , Tsetva I. S. , Milovanov I. V.
Published: October 2021

Background. In 1991, under the cooperation agreement, the Federal Center of Agriculture Research (FCAR) of the South-East Region received the first improved accessions from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). The objective of this work was to study the source material developed under comparable conditions of dryland agriculture and include the best accessions in scientific breeding programs.

Material and methods. The presented data resulted from the study of spring durum wheat cultivars and lines from ICARDA (Aleppo, Syria), conducted in 1991–1998. Accessions with the best indicators of grain quality, adapted to the conditions of the Lower Volga, were selected and included into the crossing program. Grain analysis was carried out using the conventional methods for durum wheat as well as those modified by the Spring Durum Wheat Breeding Laboratory of the FCAR of the South-East.

Result and conclusion. Many years of work led to identifying 22 lines of spring durum wheat, selected in the breeding nursery of the Main Competitive Trails (MCT) and in different years involved in complex multistep hybridization. The spring durum wheat cultivar ‘Lilek’ was included into the State Register for Selection Achievements in 2009, while cv. ‘Tamara’ was submitted to the State Variety Trials in 2020.
Identification and development of source material for breeding early bushy and short-vined cultivars of Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.
Authors: Elatskova A. G.
Published: October 2021

Background. There are three species cultivated in Russia: Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, and C. moschata, the latter being the most thermophilic among them. Cultivars of C. moschata are grown in southern regions, where a growing season of no less than 110–130 days is required. C. moschata has no bushy cultivars suitable for cultivation. The aim of this study was to search for, identify and develop source material of C. moschata for breeding early-ripening bushy and short-vined cultivars.

Materials and methods. Accessions from the VIR collection, advanced cultivars, hybrids and lines of various generations served as research material. The study was based on the guidelines for studying and maintenance of the collection and for cucurbit crop breeding.

Results. Source material was identified for breeding practice: early accessions (90–98 days) possessing high productivity and fruit quality, with good taste, namely ‘Early Butternut’, ‘Butternut’, ‘Waltham Butternut’; accession k-3549, ‘Orekhovy’, and accession k-4235; and mid-early accessions (104–105 days) ‘Palov-kadu’, and ‘Aydzu Аkkikudza’. They exceeded in productivity the early-ripening reference (cv. ‘Mariya’) by 26.7–130%, and matched the reference in fruit quality. Hybrids from the crosses of vined accessions with the bushy form KL 745 were studied. Bushiness is inherited monogenetically and controlled by the recessive bu (bush) gene. Identified for breeding were early (93–95 days) bushy lines (KL) with a stem length of 0.8–1.2 m: KL 648, KL 652 and KL 656. Their productivity was within 4.2–4.5 kg per plant (higher than the reference by 40–50%). In fruit quality they were on the reference level. Early (92–98 days) short-vined lines (KPL) were identified, with a stem length of 1.3–2.0 m: KPL 168, KPL 640 and KPL 680; their productivity ranged 4.9–6.8 kg per plant, and their fruit quality was good or excellent.
Phytosanitary monitoring of the narrow-leaved lupine collection of VIR in the northwest of Russia
Authors: Abdullaev R. A. , Vishnyakova M. A. , Egorova G. P. , Radchenko E. E.
Published: October 2021

Background. Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is an important high-protein forage and green manure crop, also promising for food use. This is a plastic species produced under various ecogeographic conditions and the only cultivated species of lupine adapted to high northern latitudes – up to 60° NL. Gradual expansion of lupine production areas led to the accumulation of pathogens, damage to lupine crops by harmful organisms, and significant harvest losses. Breeding and cultivating resistant varieties is the most profitable and environmentally sound way to control diseases and pests. Studying the species composition of pathogens and searching for source material are the necessary stages of plant breeding for immunity.

Materials and methods. A set of 101 accessions of L. angustifolius from the VIR collection were studied in the northwest of the Russian Federation (Pushkin, St. Petersburg) in 2019, and 62 accessions from the same set in 2020. Mycological examination of the affected leaves was carried out on potato sucrose agar medium under laboratory conditions. The degree of damage to plants by diseases and infestation by pests was assessed during the period of flowering, fruit formation and ripening using point scales.

Results and conclusions. A wide range of harmful organisms were identified for their negative impact on the growth and development of narrow-leaved lupine plants. The dominant pest was the lupine aphid (Macrosiphum albifrons Essig), discovered in Russia for the first time. A whole set of fungal pathogens was identified, among which the most common and harmful were the causative agents of Fusarium, brown leaf spot, powdery mildew, gray mold, and Sclerotinia stem rot. Narrow-leaved lupine accessions with weak degrees of pathogenic damage were selected.
Dynamics in the activity of peroxidase and its isoforms in leaves of different apple cultivars
Authors: Mishko A. E. , Lutskiy E. O.
Published: October 2021

Background. Various approaches are used for identification of the most resistant fruit crop cultivars, including the analysis of different physiological and biochemical indicators. In Krasnodar Territory, Russia, one of the major stressors in summer is the hydrothermal stress. Drought and heat lead to an oxidative stress, as reactive oxygen species are produced in plant cells. Plants respond to oxidative damage by activating antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and various peroxidases. Peroxidase is able to decompose hydrogen peroxide. Peroxidase activity was calculated under natural summertime changes in the hydrothermal pattern (control) and in simulated high-temperature conditions.

Materials and methods. Three apple cultivars of Russian breeding, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Soyuz’ and ‘Prikubanskoe’, and cv. ‘Ligol’ of Polish origin were studied. In the summers of 2018–2019, their leaf samples were analyzed to assess peroxidase activity and its isozyme composition under control and stress conditions. Native electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel was used for separation of peroxidase isoforms. Malondialdehyde content was measured to identify oxidative stress levels in apple leaves.

Results. The tested indicators demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity induced by both cultivar specificity and seasonal weather dynamics. Peroxidase isoforms with a molecular weight of 70 to 60 kDa, characterized by the maximum level of variability (1–4 isoforms), were isolated. Two other groups included 1–3 isoforms with a molecular weight of ~130–100 kDa, and one with a molecular weight of ~55 kDa. The highest enzyme activity was found in cvs. ‘Fortuna’ and ‘Soyuz’ in July 2018, the hottest month during the period of research. Under simulated conditions, the triploid cultivar ‘Soyuz’ was least susceptible to the stress impact.
Component composition of essential oil in the North American Pinus L. species introduced to the Southern Coast of Crimea
Authors: Sakhno T. M. , Plugatar Y. V. , Shevchuk O. M. , Feskov S. A. , Bulavin I. V.
Published: October 2021

Background. Studying essential oils in conifers is of great scientific and practical interest due to their high bactericidal properties. Their volatiles play an important role in combating pathogenic microflora and removing harmful microorganisms from the air, thus benefiting human health. Conifers are highly effective as part of parklands and urban landscaping.

Materials and methods. Pinus radiata D. Don, P. sabiniana Douglas and P. coulteri D. Don grown on the Southern Coast of Crimea were studied. Essential oil was extracted from pine needles by hydrodistillation on Ginsberg devices, and its component composition was analyzed using gas–liquid chromatography on a 6890N system with a 5973N mass selective detector.

Results. Among the studied species, P. radiata manifested high essential oil content in needles: 0.15% on the wet weight basis (0.36%, dry weight). Under the conditions of the southern coast of Crimea, the major essential oil components in P. radiata were β-pinene (29.5% of the total essential oil), α-pinene (21.2%) and limonene (12.4%); in P. sabiniana, phenylethyl butyrate (20.5%), limonene (15.2%) and α-pinene (13.7%); in P. coulteri, β-pinene (11.6%), δ-cadinene (11.0%) and α-pinene (10.6%). In the essential oil of P. radiatamonoterpenes dominated (74.9%); in P. sabiniana, monoterpenes (38.7%) and their derivatives − alcohols (25.3%) and esters (20.5%); in P. coulteri, sesquiterpenes (38.2%) and monoterpenes (28.8%).

Conclusion. The essential oils of P. radiata and P. sabiniana under different climate conditions contained mostly monoterpenes (β-pinene in P. radiata, and α-pinene in P. sabiniana) and their derivatives. The component composition of P. coulteri essential oil was the most variable, with a general tendency towards the predominance of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes; the ratio between those groups and the qualitative composition of sesquiterpenes both varied.
Evalu ation of potato hybrids according to tuber flesh darkening and other useful agronomic characters under the conditions of Kirov Province
Authors: Sintsova N. F. , Lyskova I. V. , Kratyuk E. I. , Arkhipov V. M.
Published: October 2021

Background. Resistance of raw and boiled tuber flesh to darkening when potato is processed into potato-based products or consumed directly is an important requirement for new potato cultivars. Identification of hybrids resistant to tuber flesh darkening would contribute immensely to future breeding work.

Materials and methods. Parent forms and hybrid progeny of potato were tested for five years (2016–2020) in Kirov Province using the methods and technologies approved for potato breeding process. The progeny of 10 cultivars used as pollinators was analyzed.

Results and conclusions. Cultivars with high levels of resistance to the darkening of raw tuber flesh were selected in the collection nursery. A total of 62 accessions (or 24%) out of 256 were identified for the absence of darkening or only small traces thereof (8 points) in raw tubers. Medium and strong darkening of the flesh (4–5 points) was recorded for 45 accessions. Analyzing the progeny of pollinator cultivars showed an increased occurrence of hybrids resistant to tuber flesh darkening in the progeny of cv. ‘Manifest’: 71% of the studied hybrids had non-darkening flesh (9 points). Manifestation of tuber flesh darkening was found to depend on weather conditions during the growing season: the higher was the air temperature, the weaker was the darkening of raw tuber flesh, but when the soil moisture during tuberization was high, tuber flesh became more darkened. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the darkening of boiled tubers and the content of crude protein (r = 0.74) and vitamin C (r = 0.79). Hybrid 179-10 was identified for high productivity (32.5 t/ha) and crude protein content (1.54%), while the highest resistance to the darkening of raw and boiled potato tubers was registered in hybrid 72-13.
MODEL OF CHOOSING A MINI-EXCAVATOR FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION WORK ACCORDING TO MANY CRITERIA
Authors: Fil Nataliya , Ilge Igor
Published: October 2021

Problem. Currently a steady growth of mini-excavator market is observed in Ukraine. Due to the compactness and versatility in exploitation mini-excavators are used for carrying out building, municipal, road and other types of works. However, in modern conditions there is a problem of the reasonable choice of a mini-excavator using the criteria of necessary functionality and economic efficiency. This problem can be solved only on the basis of analysis of the data array on machine samples available on the market using modern information technology. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency for the process of choosing a mini-excavator by developing a multi-criteria choosing model, which will reduce the time of scientifically grounded selection. Methodology. Utility theory methods and multi-criteria decision-making methods are used to select mini-excavators according to many functional and cost criteria. The results obtained. The main parameters of mini-excavators that impact their choice are considered. A model for choosing a mini-excavator based on many functional and cost criteria and limitations has been developed. The model developed belongs to the problems of multi-criteria linear discrete programming with Boolean variables. Practical value. The use of the developed model for choosing a mini-excavator based on many functional and cost criteria will allow to make a scientifically grounded choice.
MODEL OF SERVER SELECTION OF SATELLITE MONITORING SYSTEM OF THE CONSTRUCTION AND ROAD-BUILDING MACHINERY
Authors: Nefedov Leonid , Kononykhin Aleksandr , Zgonnik Oleksandr
Published: October 2021

A modern enterprise with construction and road-building machinery cannot exist without such a system. Various means of vehicle monitoring will help not only to track the vehicle location but also to find out its current condition, as well as the operation and equipment condition. A large amount of data creates to be stored and analyzed to formulate more accurate management decisions (problem). To solve this,  you need to select a server.  Server selection criteria are not only quantitative but also qualitative. Currently, the existing models of server selection of the satellite monitoring system do not allow to solve a complex problem of quantitative and qualitative criteria evaluation at the same time. Therefore, to solve this problem, it is proposed to use the mathematical models of fuzzy sets (methodology). The goal of the article is to increase the efficiency and reliability of state monitoring of road-building equipment by developing a choosing model of a server for a satellite monitoring system of the road-building equipment state. The task is to choose the best type and type of server that is taking into account the specified criteria: server reliability, functionality, cost, etc. As a result model of server selection of satellite monitoring of construction and road-building machinery condition was developed. The practical aspect is the  possibility to take into account fuzzy information to make effective scientifically-informed decisions in terms of uncertainty multi-criteria and output data. A structural model of the organization of the satellite monitoring system developed. That will increase the efficiency and reliability of the satellite monitoring system based on the data collection. During the organization of the satellite system means of construction and road-building machinery and its equipment are determined; control points selection where indicators monitored; the methods and units of measurement for the controlled equipment measured at monitoring are defined; choose the method and means of measurement for the performance of construction and road-building machinery. The organization of satellite monitoring of construction and road-building machinery is carried out to obtain operational and systematic information about the condition and actions performed on its equipment, primarily to ensure economic security of the company’s resources, man-made safety of controlled (originality).