bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lack of abundant core virome inCulexmosquitoes from a temperate climate region despite a mosquito species-specific virome
Authors: De Coninck Lander , Soto Alina , Wang Lanjiao , De Wolf Katrien , Smitz Nathalie , Deblauwe Isra , Donfack Karelle Celes Mbigha , Müller Ruth , Delang Leen , Matthijnssens Jelle
Published: December 2023

In arthropod-associated microbial communities, insect-specific viruses (ISVs) are prevalent yet understudied due to limited infectivity outside their natural hosts. However, ISVs might play a crucial role in regulating mosquito populations and influencing arthropod-borne virus transmission. Some studies have indicated a core virome in mosquitoes consisting of mostly ISVs. Employing single mosquito metagenomics, we comprehensively profiled the virome of native and invasive mosquito species in Belgium. This approach allowed for accurate host species determination, prevalence assessment of viruses andWolbachia, and the identification of novel viruses. Contrary to expectations, no abundant core virome was observed inCulexmosquitoes from Belgium. In that regard, we caution against rigidly defining mosquito core viromes and encourage nuanced interpretations of other studies. Nonetheless, our study identified 45 viruses of which 28 were novel, enriching our understanding of the mosquito virome and ISVs. We showed that the mosquito virome in this study is species-specific and less dependent on the location where mosquitoes from the same species reside. In addition, becauseWolbachiahas previously been observed to influence arbovirus transmission, we report the prevalence ofWolbachiain Belgian mosquitoes and the detection of severalWolbachiamobile genetic elements. The observed prevalence ranged from 83% to 92% in members from theCulex pipienscomplex.

Importance

Culex pipiensmosquitoes are important vectors for arboviruses like West Nile virus and Usutu virus.Culex pipiensvirome studies, and virome studies on mosquitoes from theCulexgenus in general, are underrepresented in publications about the mosquito virome. To mitigate this, we sequenced the virome of 190 individualCulexand eight individualAedes japonicusmosquitoes. We report the lack of a core virome in these mosquitoes from Belgium and caution the interpretation of other studies in this light. The discovery of new viruses in this study will aid our comprehension of ISVs and the mosquito virome in general in relation to mosquito physiology and mosquito population dynamics.
OSBP is a major determinant of Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate homeostasis
Authors: Doyle Colleen P. , Timple Liz , Hammond Gerald R. V.
Published: December 2023

The lipid phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) plays a master regulatory role at Golgi membranes, orchestrating membrane budding, non-vesicular lipid transport and membrane organization. It follows that harmonious Golgi function requires strictly maintained PI4P homeostasis. One of the most abundant PI4P effector proteins is the oxysterol binding protein (OSBP), a lipid transfer protein that exchanges trans Golgi PI4P for ER cholesterol. Although this protein consumes PI4P as part of its lipid anti-porter function, whether it actively contributes to Golgi PI4P homeostasis has been questioned. Here, we employed a series of acute and chronic genetic manipulations, together with orthogonal targeting of OSBP, to interrogate its control over Golgi PI4P abundance. Modulating OSBP levels at ER:Golgi membrane contact sites produces reciprocal changes in PI4P levels. Additionally, we observe that OSBP has a high capacity for PI4P turnover, even at orthogonal organelle membranes. However, despite also visiting the plasma membrane, endogenous OSBP makes no impact on PI4P levels in this compartment. We conclude that OSBP is a major determinant of Golgi PI4P homeostasis.
Group size modulates kinship dynamics and selection on social traits
Authors: He Peng , Weiss Michael N. , Ellis Samuel , Franks Daniel W. , Cant Michael A. , Croft Darren P. , Johnstone Rufus A.
Published: December 2023

The mean relatedness of an individual to others in its social group may change with age. Such kinship dynamics, which are expected to influence sex- and age-specific social behaviours, are sensitive to demography. Existing models of kinship dynamics, however, have focused chiefly on the influences of population-level demographic parameters (e.g., sex-specific dispersal rate and mating pattern). Here, we extend these models to explore the effects of local group size on kinship dynamics and the resulting patterns of selection for sex- and age-specific helping and harming. We show that individuals’ average relatedness to others is higher in smaller than larger groups, and consequently, selective pressure for helping or harming is generally stronger in smaller than larger groups. Moreover, relatedness changes faster with age in smaller groups, particularly at younger ages. These patterns favour more extreme social traits in smaller groups and especially so at earlier life history stages. In particular we highlight that, while social systems characterized by bi-sexual philopatry with non-local mating (e.g., whales) are known to favour a shift from more helpful to more harmful behaviour as females age — a trend that has been invoked to explain the evolution of menopause and post-reproductive helping — the timing of this shift is predicted to be sensitive to local group size, potentially favouring earlier female reproductive cessation in smaller groups. Our study generates new insights into the effects of local group properties on kinship dynamics, and suggests that such effects might also help to explain widespread variation in age-linked social traits, such as the timing of menopause in social mammals.
Van Vleck analysis of angularly distorted octahedra using VanVleckCalculator
Authors: Nagle-Cocco Liam. A. V. , Dutton Siân E.
Published: December 2023

Van Vleck modes describe all possible displacements of octahedrally coordinated ligands about a core atom. They are a useful analytical tool for analysing the distortion of octahedra, particularly for first-order Jahn–Teller distortions, but determination of the Van Vleck modes of an octahedron is complicated by the presence of angular distortion of the octahedron. This problem is most commonly resolved by calculating the bond distortion modes (Q
2, Q
3) along the bond axes of the octahedron, disregarding the angular distortion and losing information on the octahedral shear modes (Q
4, Q
5 and Q
6) in the process. In this paper, the validity of assuming bond lengths to be orthogonal in order to calculate the Van Vleck modes is discussed, and a method is described for calculating Van Vleck modes without disregarding the angular distortion. A Python package for doing this, VanVleckCalculator, is introduced and some examples of its use are given. Finally, it is shown that octahedral shear and angular distortion are often, but not always, correlated, and a parameter η is proposed as the shear fraction. It is demonstrated that η can be used to predict whether the values will be correlated when varying a tuning parameter such as temperature or pressure.
The interoperability of crystallographic data and databases
Authors: Brink Alice , Bruno Ian , Helliwell John R. , McMahon Brian
Published: December 2023

Interoperability of crystallographic data with other disciplines is essential for the smooth and rapid progress of structure-based science in the computer age. Within crystallography and closely related subject areas, there is already a high level of conformance to the generally accepted FAIR principles (that data be findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) through the adoption of common information exchange protocols by databases, publishers, instrument vendors, experimental facilities and software authors. Driven by the success within these domains, the IUCr has worked closely with CODATA (the Committee on Data of the International Science Council) to help develop the latter's commitment to cross-domain integration of discipline-specific data. The IUCr has, in particular, emphasized the need for standards relating to data quality and completeness as an adjunct to the FAIR data landscape. This can ensure definitive reusable data, which in turn can aid interoperability across domains. A microsymposium at the IUCr 2023 Congress provided an up-to-date survey of data interoperability within and outside of crystallography, expounded using a broad range of examples.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld-surface analysis of diaquabis(5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylato)copper(II)
Authors: Petrenko Yuliia P. , Vynohradov Oleksandr S. , Khomenko Dmytro M. , Doroshchuk Roman O. , Raspertova Ilona V. , Shova Sergiu , Lampeka Rostyslav D.
Published: December 2023

The title compound, [Cu(HL)2(H2O)2] or [Cu(C4H4N3O2)2(H2O)2], is a mononuclear octahedral CuII complex based on 5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid (H2
L). [Cu(HL)2(H2O)2] was synthesized by reaction of H2
L with copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate (2:1 stoichiometric ratio) in water under ambient conditions to produce clear light-blue crystals. The central Cu atom exhibits an N2O4 coordination environment in an elongated octahedral geometry provided by two bidentate HL
− anions in the equatorial plane and two water molecules in the axial positions. Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed that the most important contributions to the surface contacts are from H...O/O...H (33.1%), H...H (29.5%) and H...N/N...H (19.3%) interactions.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-picolyllithium·3thf
Authors: Mairath Tristan , Schmidt Annika , Strohmann Carsten
Published: December 2023

In the title compound, (2-methylidene-1,2-dihydropyridinium-κN)tris(tetrahydrofuran-κO)lithium, [Li(C6H6N)(C4H8O)3], the lithium ion adopts a distorted LiNO3 tetrahedral coordination geometry and the 2-picolyl anion adopts its enamido form with the lithium ion lying close to the plane of the pyridine ring. A methylene group of one of the thf ligands is disordered over two orientations. In the crystal, a weak C—H...O interaction generates inversion dimers. A Hirshfeld surface analysis shows that H...H contacts dominate the packing (86%) followed by O...H/H...O and C...H/H...C contacts, which contribute 3% and 10.4%, respectively.
meso-α,α-5,15-Bis(o-nicotinamidophenyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin n-hexane monosolvate
Authors: Sun Xiaotao , Li Jianfeng
Published: December 2023

The structure of the title solvated porphyrin, C56H38N8O2·C6H14, is reported. Two porphyrin molecules, one ordered and one disordered n-hexane solvate molecules are present in its asymmetric unit. The porphyrin macrocycle shows a characteristic saddle-shaped distortion, and the maximum deviation from the mean plane for non-hydrogen atoms is 0.48 Å. N—H...N, N—H...O, and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, as well as π–π interactions, are observed in the crystal structure.
What motivates users to keep WhatsApp statuses: a scale development study
Authors: Pattusamy Murugan , Chopdar Prasanta Kr
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Despite the immense popularity of WhatsApp, there needs to be more reliable and valid scales for identifying and measuring users' motivation behind frequent WhatsApp status updates. This study explores the underlying motivations of users in updating their WhatsApp statuses and develops a scale to measure them.

Design/methodology/approach

Following a mixed-method research design, data were obtained from WhatsApp users in India. The current research furnishes results from five studies, involving both qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Findings

The results uncover seven unique motivations of users for keeping WhatsApp status, namely: social good, attention seeking, social relations, expressing views, life updates, inspiration and entertainment. Additionally, the empirical findings demonstrate the effects of the above dimensions on the positive and negative emotions of users.

Originality/value

This research is a pioneering effort in developing and validating a scale on WhatsApp status motivation construct. Key managerial and scholarly implications of the findings arising from this research are also discussed.
Sustainability and socially responsible food consumption: an empirical investigation based on self-awareness and self-congruity theories
Authors: Rasool Shahid , Cerchione Roberto , Centobelli Piera , Oropallo Eugenio , Salo Jari
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study aims to highlight the impact of altruistic-self and hunger awareness on socially responsible food consumption through the lens of self-awareness and self-congruity theories due to the great challenge of Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was conducted with a sample of 812 respondents. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) confirm each variable's structure through the measurement model and test the hypothesis to support a structural model.

Findings

The results highlight that the combination of altruistic-self and hunger awareness (AS-HA congruence) drives consumers to execute socially responsible food consumption. Meanwhile, consumers' food-saving attitude mediation translates to the attitude towards responsible and ethical use increasing socially responsible food consumption, a contextual development in the theory of congruence. Conversely, hunger awareness is not confirmed as significantly influencing socially responsible food consumption.

Practical implications

This research provides valuable insights for academicians and practitioners in developing food waste management strategies that can be implemented to reduce food wastage.

Originality/value

Food waste is a global concern and is challenging for many manufacturing, distribution and individual wastage levels. However, food wastage by consumers is one of the most critical problems which can be minimised with awareness and attitudinal changes in behaviour as a form of socially responsible consumption.
Blockchain-based Logistics 4.0: enhancing performance of logistics service providers
Authors: Tan Jiajun , Wong Wai Peng , Tan Chee Keong , Jomthanachai Suriyan , Lim Chee Peng
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Technology is the lifeline for the logistics industry, and it has been immensely disrupted by the emerging blockchain technology. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to explore how the current blockchain technology can be implemented in the logistics industry with the aim of improving logistic services amongst the network of logistics service providers (LSPs). The second is to propose the development of a blockchain model for the small and medium logistics service supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach

A prototype blockchain-based logistics system has been created and tested in a case study with a real logistics company. The primary technologies for developing a blockchain model on the Hyperledger platform as well as how the system is designed based on the logistics service flow are explained.

Findings

The study has resulted in the successful implementation of the proposed prototype blockchain-based logistics system. In particular, the case company has managed to fully utilise the developed tracking and tracing system. Whilst utilising the prototype, the participants have been able to fulfil their responsibilities in an effective manner. The performance of LSPs has improved following the World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI) criteria.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to current research in the application of blockchain technologies in the domain of logistics and the supply chain to progress LSPs towards Logistics 4.0. The current frameworks for Logistics 4.0 and how blockchain as a disruptive technology revolutionises logistic services are reviewed. In addition, this paper highlights the benefits of blockchain technology that LSPs can leverage to further improve their performance based on the LPI criteria.
Max Drone: environmental influence on a company
Authors: Mejia Reatiga Camilo Antonio , Juliao David , Castellanos Andres
Published: December 2023

Learning outcomes

This case study seeks to develop the analytical and critical thinking skills of the students so that they can not only understand and carry out a comprehensive diagnosis of the case in its facets of entrepreneurship but also see reflected the inherent difficulties of the process and how these can be overcome, based on available resources and capabilities. In the same way, it seeks to develop students’ capacity for critical analysis when making a decision in which, on the one hand, there is a very large market potential that they can try to exploit, taking into account the political transformation that modifies the rules of the game with which the business began, in addition, of course, to the case of a security breach specified in the case and, on the other hand, the possibility of resigning, avoiding greater losses.

Case overview/synopsis

This case study exposes the situation of the company Max Drone Venezuela, which had been dedicated to the service, repair and training of drones. This family-owned company had gone through a series of stages that clearly exemplified how environmental factors served to identify opportunities in the early stages of the business, promote strategic actions to maintain itself, guide the course to sustain itself and seek development in hostile environments.

Complexity academic level

Given the characteristics of this case study, it can be used for the teaching and learning of business or business administration, marketing, economics or related students, at higher or postgraduate levels (graduate school).

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS3: Entrepreneurship.
Omnichannel and consumer and retailer perceived risks and benefits: a review
Authors: de Carvalho Guilherme Juliani , Machado Marcio Cardoso , Correa Victor Silva
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study uses the antecedents, decisions and outcomes (ADO) framework to identify how perceived risks and benefits relate to the omnichannel strategy and influence consumer behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic review was conducted on 111 articles (2014–2023) on Scopus using NVivo® software for content analysis.

Findings

The literature on omnichannel is fragmented between journals and lines of research, making it difficult to identify influential journals in the area and preventing effective convergence. When the perception of risk is greater than the perception of benefits, companies must understand how to mitigate the risk, so that the adoption of an omnichannel strategy is not canceled.

Research limitations/implications

The review is limited to one database and does not consider specific products/services or consumer profiles.

Originality/value

This review broadens understanding of omnichannel from a perspective neglected by researchers, namely risks and benefits and their impacts on organizational results. The model will clarify how the literature on omnichannel has evolved and instigate new research.
The diffusion of platform self-operation on reputation-based two-layer network
Authors: Li Ping , Wu Bin
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Due to the cross-network effect, two-sided users communicate with each other, producing a coupling network. To study the spread of platform self-operation in two-sided users' marketing and purchasing tactics, this paper considers the differences in reputation acquired by platform-owned and third-party operating channels.

Design/methodology/approach

This study proposes a two-layer network with cross-network links: one layer represents the social network of consumers, while the other layer represents the competitive network of buyers. A closed system of differential equations, based on the binary dynamics of the stochastic network, is developed to study the trend and stability points of the platform self-operation dissemination. Then the overall benefits of platform are analyzed to unify the platform diffusion and pricing strategies.

Findings

The degree of difference in social influence and cross-network effects affect diffusion synergistically. Cross-network effects hinder diffusion when there is a significant difference of social influence between consumers and sellers but promote diffusion when there is little difference of social influence between consumers and sellers. Additionally, the network weights and reputation gap exhibit a nonlinear correlation with diffusion. For pricing strategy of the platform, it can achieve maximum profit when the pricing of self-operated goods and third-party-operated goods is equal.

Originality/value

This study considers the complex network architecture created by bilateral markets and the dynamic influence of group interactions on product. Additionally, this study takes reputation into account when considering the price and dissemination tactics of various operating channels, offering guidelines for platforms to control merchants and mediate disputes between various operating channels.
Critical success factors of co-innovation platforms: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ozturk Elif , Turker Hande Bahar , Nasir V. Aslihan
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Collaborating with consumers during new product development can provide companies with significant benefits and competitive advantages. Although several studies have been conducted on the design of co-innovation platforms, there is still a need for a more comprehensive understanding of the co-innovation phenomenon. To address this gap, this research aims to identify the critical success factors of co-innovation platforms and provide an extensive analysis of the variables that determine their effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

This study presents a systematic literature review of co-innovation platforms based on an analysis of 89 articles published in 50 scholarly journals in the disciplines of information systems, marketing and business, covering the years from 2006 to 2022.

Findings

The review synthesizes the current state of scientific knowledge and groups prior studies thematically as critical success factors of co-innovation platforms. As a result, eight success factors have been identified in terms of quantity and quality of contributions. These factors include product involvement, perceived fairness, sense of community, interactive environment, employee involvement, participant diversity, assessment structure and task design.

Originality/value

The study consolidates existing research about the critical success of co-innovation platforms. It also provides a research framework that incorporates a diverse set of variables that can be used to assess co-innovation performance in future studies.
Factors influencing TikTok-based user purchase intention: comparison between potential customers and repeat customers
Authors: Zhao Hongying , Wagner Christian
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how different types of user experience in TikTok impact purchase intention via commitment to the influencer and commitment to the platform, with customer type included to determine moderating effects. Three types of user experience are considered: information experience, entertainment experience and parasocial-relationship-based experience.

Design/methodology/approach

This study collected 458 valid questionnaires from TikTok users, employing the structural equation modeling approach to examine the proposed research model.

Findings

Information experience, entertainment experience and parasocial-relationship-based experience are found to critically stimulate user commitment to the influencer and commitment to the platform, in turn driving TikTok-based purchase intention. Tests incorporating customer type reveal that commitment to the influencer more strongly influences the purchase intention of repeat customers, with commitment to the platform more likely to stimulate purchase intention among potential customers.

Research limitations/implications

On a theoretical level, the paper is among the first to examine TikTok-based user purchase intention with customer type as a moderator. On a practical level, the results can guide marketers to effectively promote products using TikTok and inspire TikTok managers to develop customized strategies to stimulate initial and repeat sales.

Originality/value

TikTok is moving to the stage of commercialization and monetization by introducing e-commerce features. Although this move should cultivate particularly fertile ground for companies to sell products, TikTok user purchase behavior has yet to receive sufficient research attention, with little currently known about their purchase motivations. The current study uncovers the significant antecedents of users' purchase intention through TikTok, and further reveals the motivational differences among potential and repeat customers.
Culture uncovered: B2B salesforce job reviews as windows into corporate values
Authors: Lam Joey , Mulvey Michael S. , Robson Karen , Pitt Leyland
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study aims to help uncover corporate culture and values to attract and retain talent by understanding job reviews written by business-to-business (B2B) salespeople.

Design/methodology/approach

Over 40,000 job reviews on Glassdoor.com are analyzed by a dictionary-based content analysis tool, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC2015), to explore the links between corporate culture and linguistics characteristics of reviews as articulated by B2B salespeople. This study adopted a multidimensional scaling approach based on the nine cultural value scores to create a map of corporate profiles. A projection of the LIWC2015 scores on this map uncovers differences in language patterns and emotions expressed across the profiles.

Findings

Findings reveal a map of corporate profiles with two dimensions, namely, product-centricity and customer-centricity, that divide salesforce subculture into a 2 × 2 matrix of four types: Empathic Innovators, Product Pioneers, Customer Champions and Commodity Traders.

Originality/value

This study combined two data sets, scores on CultureX’s nine cultural values (agility, collaboration, customer orientation, diversity, execution, innovation, integrity, performance and respect) and job reviews on Glassdoor.com. This research seeks to develop profiles of the organizational culture and to use a blend of qualitative and quantitative methods. This study adds to the literature on salesforce subculture and showcases a solution to the methodological difficulty in categorizing and measuring culture.
Dual-career expatriate partners' motives for supporting international assignments: evidence from a patriarchal society
Authors: Nery-Kjerfve Tania , Polesello Daiane
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Extant expatriate literature largely adopts a global north/western focus and expatriate-centric approach in investigating spousal/partners’ motives for supporting expatriation. Contrastingly, this study focuses on the lived experiences of dual-career female partners from an emerging global south economy and a patriarchal society as it relates to motives for supporting a partner’s international assignment (IA) to a developed country.

Design/methodology/approach

This investigation adopts a hermeneutic interpretive phenomenology research design. Twelve career-oriented female partners from an emerging global south economy (Brazil) who supported a partner’s IA to a developed country (USA) participated in this study. The data included semi-structured interviews and field notes.

Findings

The study indicates that societal constraints, gendered career experiences and career and life stage reasons influenced women’s decision to engage in career opt out and/or interruption in support of their partners' IA. Further, patriarchal long-lasting structures and ideologies shaped women’s career experiences; women perceived IAs as a means of acquiring embodied and institutionalized cosmopolitan capital for themselves and their families in order to gain a better position in a transnational/globalized world.

Research limitations/implications

Although the sample size of this study is appropriate for the methodological choice adopted, future studies should include more participants and address different socioeconomic, political and cultural contexts.

Originality/value

This study highlights dual-career female partners' lived experiences in an emerging global south economy and a patriarchal society as it relates to motives for supporting IAs.
A qualitative perspective of the role of Malawi Library Association in developing librarianship in Malawi: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Simwaka Kaitano , Chifuniro Ellen , Chalochiwawa Robert , Kabwilo Tina Mutalama , Chimutu Sandram
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The study aims to unpack the role of Malawi Library Association (MALA) in developing librarianship in Malawi. It also explores an array of opportunities and challenges that are present for MALA.

Design/methodology/approach

The study applies the interpretivist paradigm for the research design. Qualitative data were collected from a purposeful sample totaling 24 practicing librarians and paraprofessionals in different work environments to inform the study phenomenon.

Findings

The study gathers that the role of MALA has been in its infancy stage for a long time. However, the apparent developments of MALA manifest in its pro-educational initiatives. Overall, MALA is impeded by a litany of obstacles such as financial constraints and a lack of advocacy strategy.

Originality/value

The study theorizes the role of MALA by triangulating the advocacy coalition framework, institutional theory and professionalization theory in the library and information practice.
Bibliometric analysis of literature on social media trends during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Xin Rujing , Lim Yi Jing
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study employs bibliometric analysis to map the research landscape of social media trending topics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors aim to offer a comprehensive review of the predominant research organisations and countries, key themes and favoured research methodologies pertinent to this subject.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors extracted data on social media trending topics from the Web of Science Core Collection database, spanning from 2009 to 2022. A total of 1,504 publications were subjected to bibliometric analysis, utilising the VOSviewer tool. The study analytical process encompassed co-occurrence, co-authorship, citation analysis, field mapping, bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis.

Findings

Interest in social media research, particularly on trending topics during the COVID-19 pandemic, remains high despite signs of the pandemic stabilising globally. The study predominantly addresses misinformation and public health communication, with notable focus on interactions between governments and the public. Recent studies have concentrated on analysing Twitter user data through text mining, sentiment analysis and topic modelling. The authors also identify key leading organisations, countries and journals that are central to this research area.

Originality/value

Diverging from the narrow focus of previous literature reviews on social media, which are often confined to particular fields or sectors, this study offers a broad view of social media's role, emphasising trending topics. The authors demonstrate a significant link between social media trends and public events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper discusses research priorities that emerged during the pandemic and outlines potential methodologies for future studies, advocating for a greater emphasis on qualitative approaches.

Peer review

The peer-review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-05-2023-0194.
Transforming qualitative research in phygital settings: the role of generative AI
Authors: Schmitt Bernd
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This commentary discusses the value of generative artificial intelligence (AI) for qualitative research in phygital settings to understand the customer experience.

Design/methodology/approach

The critical and logical analysis is based on current knowledge of generative AI.

Findings

Generative AI seems very useful for qualitative research in phygital settings to understand the customer experience and should be used in qualitative research projects. Generative AI can provide much-needed validation of the subjective nature of qualitative research and can also generate insights beyond human intuition.

Research limitations/implications

The study is based on current technology, which changes fast. In the future, the skills of qualitative researchers may become outdated, relegating them to the role of prompt engineers.

Practical implications

Technology, and especially generative AI, will be a key tool for practitioners as they conduct practical research.

Social implications

Qualitative researchers should overcome potential anti-technology speciesism and embrace the potential of generative AI.

Originality/value

This commentary provides insights into the role of generative AI for qualitative research in phygital settings.
Durability evaluation for existing railway engineering: a review
Authors: Wang Jiahe , Li Huajian , Ma Chengxian , Cai Chaoxun , Yi Zhonglai , Wang Jiaxuan
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the factors, evaluation techniques of the durability of existing railway engineering.

Design/methodology/approach

China has built a railway network of over 150,000 km. Ensuring the safety of the existing railway engineering is of great significance for maintaining normal railway operation order. However, railway engineering is a strip structure that crosses multiple complex environments. And railway engineering will withstand high-frequency impact loads from trains. The above factors have led to differences in the deterioration characteristics and maintenance strategies of railway engineering compared to conventional concrete structures. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the key factors that affect the durability of railway structures and propose technologies for durability evaluation.

Findings

The factors that affect the durability and reliability of railway engineering are mainly divided into three categories: material factors, environmental factors and load factors. Among them, material factors also include influencing factors, such as raw materials, mix proportions and so on. Environmental factors vary depending on the service environment of railway engineering, and the durability and deterioration of concrete have different failure mechanisms. Load factors include static load and train dynamic load. The on-site rapid detection methods for five common diseases in railway engineering are also proposed in this paper. These methods can quickly evaluate the durability of existing railway engineering concrete.

Originality/value

The research can provide some new evaluation techniques and methods for the durability of existing railway engineering.
Talking cervixes: How times materialise during the first stage of labour
Authors: Beynon‐Jones Siân M. , Jackson Clare
Published: December 2023

The clock occupies a prominent position in many feminist and midwifery critiques of the medicalisation of labour and birth. Concern has long focused on the production of standardised ‘progress’ during labour via the expectation that once in ‘established’ labour, birthing people’s cervixes should dilate at a particular rate, measurable in centimetres and clock time. In this article we draw on 37 audio‐ or video‐recordings of women labouring in two UK midwife‐led units in NHS hospital settings to develop a more nuanced critique of the way in which times materialise during labour. Mobilising insights from literature that approaches time as relational we suggest that it is helpful to explore the making of times during labour as multiple, uncertain and open‐ended. This moves analysis of time during labour and birth beyond concern with particular forms of time (such as the clock or the body) towards understanding how times are constituted through interactions (for example, between midwives, cervixes, clocks, people in labour and their birth partners), and what they do.
A case of primary lung adenocarcinoma mimicking metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Tanaka Akira , Okita Riki , Morishige Takushi , Okada Masanori , Inokawa Hidetoshi , Hirazawa Katsutoshi , Kameyama Kaori , Ikeda Akihiko , Ikeda Eiji
Published: December 2023

A 61‐year‐old woman, who had a history of total thyroidectomy for follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), visited our hospital for assessment of an enlarging nodule which appeared in the lung with multiple metastatic lesions of PTC which had been stable for 17 years. Wedge resection of the lung was performed. Miliary nodules were confirmed to be metastatic PTCs based on their morphological as well as immunohistochemical findings. As for the main nodule, its morphological features suggested a diagnosis of metastatic PTC, while its immunohistochemical findings were identical with primary lung adenocarcinoma. Further genetic analysis provided no definitive information for the diagnosis of the main nodule. The present case shows the need of comprehensive analyses for differentiation between primary lung adenocarcinoma and metastatic PTCs.
A multi‐property assessment of intensity of use provides a functional understanding of animal movement
Authors: Bastille‐Rousseau G. , Crews S. A. , Donovan E. B. , Egan M. E. , Gorman N. T. , Pitman J. B. , Weber A. M. , Audia E. M. , Larreur M. R. , Manninen H. , Blake S. , Eichholz M. W. , Bergman E. , Rayl N. D.
Published: December 2023

The intensity of use of a location is one of the most studied properties of animal movement, yet movement analyses generally focus on the overall use of a location without much consideration of how patterns in intensity of use emerge. Extracting properties related to intensity of use, such as the number of visits, the average and variation in time spent and the average and variation in time between visits, could help provide a more mechanistic understanding of how animals use landscape. Combining and synthesizing these properties into a single spatial representation could inform the role that a location plays for an animal.

We developed an R package named ‘UseScape’ that allows the extraction of these metrics and then clustered them using mixture modelling to create a spatial representation of the type of use an animal makes of the landscape. We illustrate applications of the approach using datasets of animal movement from four taxa and highlight species‐specific and cross‐species insights.

Our framework highlights properties that functionally differ in how animals use them, contrasting, for example, heavily used locations that emerge because they are frequented for long durations, locations that are repeatedly and regularly visited for shorter durations of time or locations visited irregularly. We found that species generally had similar types of use, such as typical low, mid and high use, but there were also species‐specific clusters that would have been ignored when only focusing on the overall intensity of use.

Our multi‐system comparison highlighted how the framework provided novel insights that would not have been directly obtainable by currently available approaches. By making the framework available as an R package, these analyses can be easily applicable to a myriad of systems where relocation data are available. Movement ecology as a field can strongly benefit from approaches that not just describe patterns in space use, but also highlight the behavioural mechanisms leading to these emerging patterns.
Pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen versus tight facemask in trauma patients undergoing emergency anaesthesia
Authors: Sjöblom Albin , Hedberg Magnus , Gille Anders , Guerra Andres , Aanesen Vilde , Forsberg Ida‐Maria , Fagerlund Malin Jonsson
Published: December 2023

Background

Patients suffering from major traumatic injuries frequently require emergency anaesthesia. Due to often compromised physiology and the time‐sensitive management, trauma patients may be more prone to desaturate during induction of anaesthesia. We hypothesised that pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen would decrease the risk of desaturation during induction of anaesthesia in trauma patients and the study therefore aimed to compare the frequency of desaturation when pre‐oxygenation was performed with high‐flow nasal oxygen or a traditional facemask.

Methods

This exploratory, prospective, before‐and‐after study was conducted at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Adult (≥18 years of age) patients suffering major traumatic injuries needing emergency anaesthesia were included around the clock. Patients were pre‐oxygenated using a tight‐fitting facemask during the first nine months of enrollment. High‐flow nasal oxygen was then introduced as a method for pre‐oxygenation of trauma patients. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients desaturating <93% during induction of anaesthesia, assessed from the start of pre‐oxygenation until one minute after intubation. Secondary outcomes included perceived difficulty of pre‐oxygenation among anaesthetists (assessed on a scale between 1 and 10) and safety outcomes, such as incidence of regurgitations and intracranial gas (assessed radiologically).

Results

Data from 96 patients were analysed. Facemask pre‐oxygenation was performed in 66 patients, while 30 patients were pre‐oxygenated with high‐flow nasal oxygen. The most frequent trauma mechanisms were stabbing injuries (n = 34 (35%)) and fall injuries (n = 21 (22%)). There were no differences in patient characteristics between the groups. Eight (12%) versus three (10%) patients desaturated <93% in the facemask and high‐flow nasal oxygen group respectively, OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.20–3.28), p = .76. Anaesthetists assessed pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen as easier compared to facemask pre‐oxygenation. No patient in any group showed signs of regurgitation. Among patients with facial or skull fractures requiring anaesthesia before radiology was performed, intracranial gas was seen in four (40%) patients pre‐oxygenated with a facemask and in no patient pre‐oxygenated with HFNO (p = .23).

Conclusion

In this prospective study investigating trauma patients undergoing emergency anaesthesia, we could not see any difference in the number of patients desaturating when pre‐oxygenation was performed with high‐flow nasal oxygen compared to a tight‐fitting facemask. Pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen was assessed as easier compared to facemask pre‐oxygenation.
Progesterone‐induced blocking factor blockade causes hypertension in pregnant rats
Authors: Meadors Alexis , Comley Kyleigh , Cottrell Jesse N. , Ibhahim Tarek , Cunningham Mark W. , Amaral Lorena M.
Published: December 2023

Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder characterized by new onset hypertension in mid‐late gestation and can include multi‐organ dysfunction with or without proteinuria. It affects 5%–7% of all pregnancies in the U.S., making PE a major contributor to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no cure for this pregnancy complication except for early delivery of the placenta and fetus. Moreover, the therapeutic options to treat PE are very limited. One potential trigger for the development of PE is progesterone deficiency‐induced imbalance between T Helper 1(Th1)/Th2 cells, an increase in cytolytic natural killer (NK) cells and inflammatory cytokines that in turn leads to endothelial dysfunction, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and hypertension. Importantly, progesterone signals the synthesis of progesterone‐induced blocking factor (PIBF) which has anti‐inflammatory effects and could promote the regulation of inflammation balance during pregnancy. However, the role of progesterone and PIBF in the pathophysiology of PE is still not fully understood. Thus, this current study was designed to test the hypothesis that inhibition of PIBF causes signs of PE in pregnant Sprague Dawley rats. In order to address our hypothesis, rabbit anti‐PIBF IgG (0.25, low dose‐LD or 0.50 mg/mL, high dose‐HD) was administered intraperitoneally on gestation day (GD) 15 to normal pregnant Sprague Dawley (NP) rats. On GD 18, carotid catheters were inserted and on GD 19 mean blood pressure (MAP) and samples were collected for further analysis. MAP in normal pregnant rats (NP) rats (n = 7) was 99 ± 3 mmHg, which increased to 116 ± 2 mmHg in NP+ anti‐PIBF LD (n = 10) and 113 ± 4 mmHg in NP+ anti‐PIBF HD (n = 4), p <0 .05. Plasma TNF‐alpha levels were 35 ± 8 pg/mL in NP rats and increased to 84 ± 21 pg/mL in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD (n = 4), p <0 .05. Plasma IL‐4 and IL‐10 levels were 22 ± 5 and 25+6 pg/mL in NP (n = 5), which decreased to 6 ± 1 and 8 ± 1 pg/mL in NP+ Anti‐PIBF LD (n = 6, p < 0.05) and 16 ± 4 and 15 ± 5 pg/mL in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD (n = 4). Circulating total NK cells were 67 ± 11 % gate in NP rats (n = 3), which decreased to 28 ± 7% gate in NP+ Anti‐PIBF LD and 45 ± 6% gate in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD. Cytolytic NK cells were increased in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD, p <0 .05. Moreover, circulating NO levels were significantly decreased while renal cortex PPET‐1 levels increased NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD. Our study demonstrates that PIBF blockade causes hypertension, inflammation and signs of endothelial dysfunction, all of which are associated with PE, thus indicating the importance of progesterone signalling pathways during a healthy pregnancy.
A decolonial birth for anthropology
Authors: Singh Bhrigupati
Published: December 2023

“What good is anthropology?” Rather than accepting a predetermined notion of the good, I ask, What ancestral spirits animate anthropology as a vocation? In pursuing this question, I turn to the inaugural issue of American Ethnologist, which, I suggest, expresses an anthropological spirit readable via Lévi‐Strauss and Rousseau. I examine how this spirit was expressed in other parts of the world, such as the first generation of postcolonial anthropologists in India, as they confronted the question whether India may be seen as a settler colony. How was such a spirit born? As one possible beginning, I offer a creation myth for the birth of anthropological sensibility, located in a key moment of the Ramayana, when its tribal/lower‐caste poet‐author, Valmiki, begins to enunciate differently, after witnessing an act of human, settler violence.
Increased phagocytosis capacity of circulating neutrophils in patients on continuous flow ventricular assist device support
Authors: Awad Morcos A. , Sun Wenji , Han Dong , Griffith Bartley P. , Wu Zhongjun J.
Published: December 2023

Background

Neutrophils take part in the innate immune response, phagocytosis, and pro‐inflammatory cytokine release. The phagocytic capacity of circulating neutrophils in patients on continuous flow (CF) ventricular assist device (VAD) has not been well studied.

Methods

Blood samples from 14 patients undergoing CF‐VAD implantation were collected and analyzed preoperatively (at baseline) and on postoperative days (POD) 3, 7, 14, and 28. Flow cytometry was used to assess the surface expression levels of CD62L, CD162, and macrophage antigen‐1 (MAC‐1) and neutrophil phagocytic capacity. Interleukin 1 (IL1), IL6, IL8, TNF‐α, neutrophil elastase, and myeloperoxidase in plasma were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.

Results

Among the 14 patients, seven patients had preoperative bridge device support. Relative to baseline, patients with no bridge device had elevated leukocyte count and neutrophil elastase by POD3 which normalized by POD7. Neutrophil activation level, IL6, IL8, and TNF‐α increased by POD3 and sustained elevated levels for 7–14 days postoperatively. Elevated neutrophil phagocytic capacity persisted even until POD28. Similar patterns were observed in patients on a preoperative bridge device.

Conclusions

Neutrophil activation and phagocytic capacity increased in response to VAD support, while inflammatory cytokines remain elevated for up to 2 weeks postoperatively. These findings may indicate that VAD implantation elicits circulating neutrophils to an abnormal preemptive phagocytotic phenotype.