bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Availability of Wave Transducer in Car Onboard System Interface
Authors: Tsuchiya Toshio , Nakamoto Kentarou
Published: October 2023

The accident caused by the wrong treading of the pedal of the car becomes the social problem. The spread of advanced safety vehicles (ASV) is hurried as a passive safety in late years to reduce and prevent the damage of the accident. However, requiring a certain period of time for the spread of ASV and the valid situations are limited, and the problem such as not necessarily working appropriately is pointed out. On the other hand, it is thought that the information presentation system to let a driver recognize danger as the active safety is effective. In addition, the automatic operation system is in use to level 4 in Japan. A purpose of this study is to investigate the influence that shown information gives the cognitive function of the driver in the information presentation system of the onboard system. Therefore, the cognitive of the wave transducer interface implemented on the seat is confirmed by an experiment. For the experiment, we investigated the difference of the performance between the visual and the vibration interface using the simple driving simulator which embedded in both sides of the seat back. As a result, the difference was not seen between the visual and the vibration. In addition, by the subjective evaluation, the experiment participant felt that both stimulations were recognizable, and the difference was not seen. The experiment was suggested by a laboratory test as one of multi-modal interface by the transducer stimulation to be possible.
A full-factorial analysis of combined vehicle motion profiles on cross-coupled coriolis effect, subjective vertical and motion sickness incidence
Authors: Trepping Oliver , Schuler Kevin , Rupp Philipp , Schick Bernhard
Published: October 2023

Motion sickness research has always been shaped by current events. With the advent of highly automated vehicles (HAVs), the topic is currently being revisited as 60% of users of HAV functions are expected to suffer from motion sickness. Failure to address this condition will jeopardize user acceptance of HAV functions. We investigated the vestibular mechanisms of motion misinterpretation and hypothesized that cross-coupled stimuli induce more sensory conflict and lead to higher motion sickness incidence compared to the non-coupled control condition. We conducted an experiment on a dynamic driving simulator with realistic motion profiles and analyzed the influence of cross-coupled motion on motion sickness incidence. Results show no significant difference in motion sickness incidence between cross-coupled and non-coupled motion profiles. Further research is needed to investigate the thresholds of the Coriolis effect and should include the measurement of compensatory or inertial head motion of participants.
Interdisciplinary education using game design for electronic waste
Authors: Anand Swetha , Xi Wang Cecilia
Published: October 2023

This paper addresses the production of electronic waste (e-waste), which has increased drastically. We must address it immediately, as many harmful metals and hazardous gases will lead to health and environmental issues. This is due to a need for more awareness, and higher education can play a role in solving this issue. To understand e-waste, one must know electronics, chemistry, biology, and more. In addition, the topic itself needs a motivation factor to gain students' interest. Because e-waste requires knowledge of more than one field, an interdisciplinary game design education can give students the necessary knowledge for e-waste management. The paper will closely examine the different game design methodologies in the literature and how they can be applied in an interdisciplinary education to foster the topic. In addition, addressing the need for inter department collaboration in Universities and collaboration between Universities to give students access to knowledge and resources to understand the topic in depth. This would help students to build a habit of recycling and reusing e-waste in the right manner and thereby prepare the next generation to build a better future.
Transforming the homecare offering scene: How the technology plays a role
Authors: Lee Eunji
Published: October 2023

Digital health receives more and more attention as a solution to reduce the burden of healthcare cost in today's aging society. However, compared to other types of services, digital health service projects seem to have higher rates of stopping at pilot stages and do not get integrated into the actual medical practices. Adopting digital health solutions in today's healthcare settings often requires changes of work processes that can have a significant impact on the work practices of the healthcare professionals. Thus, there is a need for understanding both the current practice and the new proposed practice in service level with a more analytical and systematic approach. We conducted a multiple case study of homecare practices. Shadowing, contextual interviews, customer journey mapping, and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in homecare settings in Norway and Sweden. Document analysis allowed us to add an additional case (a remote patient monitoring at home) to our study. The results of our study show that several key components of homecare services (service worker, secondary service worker, service interaction type, and sub-service provision context) were dissimilar among different homecare settings without or with a digital health solution. Our study might be useful to gain a deeper insight of homecare services and to understand the key components and the changing actors’ roles to consider when adopting digital solutions to the homecare services.
Use of predictive models based on biomedical signals and motion measurements for predicting extremity kinematics
Authors: Wilk Julia , Rzymkowski Cezary , Falkowski Piotr
Published: October 2023

Due to staff shortages among physiotherapists and an ageing society, there is a growing need for the dynamic development of robot-aided rehabilitation. An ideal solution is a therapy conducted remotely, requiring minimal supervision by a physiotherapist, thus saving time and increasing the number of people treated. To achieve this, a rehabilitation device equipped with intelligent systems to detect dangerous situations for patients is essential. The paper presents a methodology for constructing a predictive model for a control system dedicated to home kinesiotherapy with an exoskeleton. It involves NARX-type recurrent neural networks based on the patients' electromyographic (EMG) measurements while exercising. Within the study, simultaneous EMG measurements and motion capture of the upper extremity were performed on three participants. The collected data were divided into sets for learning and testing neural networks. The kinematics was calculated using a multibody model of the upper limb with five degrees of freedom. The position data obtained from markers were converted into joint angles. Subsequently, a neural network was modelled in MATLAB, with the EMG measurements as inputs and the rotation angles in the upper limb joints as outputs. A sequence of movements covering the entire workspace of the upper limb was adopted as the network training set, while the network's performance was evaluated based on trajectory data from five simple exercises. The reported accuracy of the results remained within the range of 0.05-1°. The study revealed differences in the quality of the result depending on whether the participant of the exercise changes between the training and validation. To optimize predictions and reduce computation time, several different networks with varying parameters were constructed, trained and compared. The quasi-optimal parameters of the models were identified, including the number of hidden neurons, samples of previous output signal values, and samples of prior input signal values.
Design of strength assistance gloves for female heavy manual workers based on visualization of electromyographic signals
Authors: Liu Fangfei , Wang Haina , Chen Yun
Published: October 2023

In recent years, due to the disappearance of the cumulative effect of fertility, low birth rates, and aging populations, labour shortages have emerged, leading to a social trend of male labour shortages in heavy labour industries, with more women starting to fill the labour gap. By investigating the situation, population characteristics, needs, and work scenarios of female heavy manual workers, user interviews were conducted, and based on the results, the design direction of wearable labour protection equipment was proposed. Based on the collection, analysis, and visualization of electromyographic signals, it is proposed to design intelligent glove products through strength assisted structural design. This product is based on female body characteristics, taking into account the usage habits of workers related to heavy physical work, and has played a role in helping women reduce their physical burden and strengthen safety protection.
Limited training in undergarment and clothing removal techniques to expose wounds in combat care
Authors: Morris Nichole , Craig Curtis , Schwieters Katelyn , Drahos Bradley , Mabry Marshall , Floersch Eugene , Kessler William
Published: October 2023

A critical component of combat casualty care is to fully expose the patient to identify and treat injuries. Completing these actions under stressful conditions is expected to require adequate training. In this study 21 combat lifesaver trained soldiers were surveyed regarding their recent training exposing chest injuries of male and female soldiers. Nearly all participants (95.2%) reported experience in treating male simulated patients; however, only 52.4% reported any experience applying a chest seal on a male human or simulated patient and only 28.6% reported any experience removing the t-shirt of a male human or simulated patient. Seven participants (33.3%) reported experience in treating female simulated patients, 23.8% reported at least some experience applying a chest seal to a female human or simulated patient, and only 9.5% reported experience removing the female patient’s t-shirt and, similarly, a female patient’s bra. Findings suggest a pronounced gap in the CLS training curriculum.
Medical Error Disclosure in Healthcare – The Scene across Canada
Authors: Kalra Jay , Saxena Anjali , Rafid-Hamed Zoher
Published: October 2023

The quality of healthcare is an emerging concern worldwide. Despite the advancement in the medical field, adverse events resulting from medical errors are relatively common in healthcare systems. Disclosure of an adverse event is an important element in managing the consequences of a medical error. We have previously reviewed and compared various disclosure policies that are in practice in Canada and around the globe to analyze the progress made in this area and suggested a non-punitive, “no-fault” model for reporting medical errors. The purpose of this study was to review and compare the disclosure policies implemented by individual health authorities across the Canadian provinces and territories. We evaluated each policy based on the inclusion of the following key points: Apology, avoidance of blame, avoidance of speculation, immediate disclosure, patient support, provider support, provider training, team-based approach, accessibility, and documentation. The clinical significance of the study was to evaluate various health authorities’ policies of disclosure and report a practice model for medical error disclosure across Canada. The three top parameters found within the disclosure policies include an apology or expression of regret, a team-based approach and documentation of disclosure, all three averaging at 98% respectively across the provinces and territories. The bottom two parameters found within the disclosure policies include provider training and accessibility of disclosure policy through the health authorities’ website, both averaging at 34% respectively. We believe healthcare providers' top priority should be correcting flaws in the medical system and protecting patients' health. Despite the obstacles, physicians should seek to disclose medical errors to patients and their families on both ethical and pragmatic grounds. We believe that the disclosure policies can provide framework and guidelines for appropriate disclosure, which can lead to improved quality care and practices that are more transparent. We suggest that disclosure practice can be improved by creating a uniform policy, centered on honest disclosure and addressing errors in a non-punitive manner.
Development of a Smart Pillbox with Passive RFID to Support Prospective Memory and Medication Adherence
Authors: Hirayama Shunsuke , Misaki Daigo
Published: October 2023

The economic loss due to unused medicines is estimated at be 50 billion yen, as many people do not consume or carry their prescribed medicines due to forgetfulness. One reason for this is that people forget to take or carry their medication. Many scholars have investigated smart indoor pillboxes by linking with cameras, RFID, and web applications; however, all of them are based on the condition of being at home, or requiring a human to enter the dose to be taken. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new portable smart pillbox using passive RFID in the 13.56 MHz frequency band to improve medication adherence. Unprecedentedly, in this study, a critical-function prototype of a smart pillbox using a passive RFID filter in the 13.56 MHz frequency band was developed; and passive RFID was designed after conducting a solution study. An investigation was undertaken to assess the efficacy of prospective memory in enhancing medication adherence using both normal and smart pillboxes. The objective was to ascertain if the intelligent dispenser could mitigate medication discrepancies among patients newly initiated on their therapeutic regimen. 8 students in their 20s who had previously taken their medication were selected as participants. Participants performed the disengagement decision task as a background task and the action of taking medication from a pillbox as a prospective memory task. Participants were given a smartphone and were reminded by a notification if the pillbox from which they took their medication was a smart pillbox. Performance on the prospective memory task was assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview. The findings indicate that the reminder is not the precipitating factor in the diminution of prospective memory discrepancies; rather, an overestimation of one's mnemonic capabilities emerges as a salient contributor to such errors. And, the use of passive RFID in the development of smart pillboxes shows its potential contribution to reducing prospective memory errors and improving medication adherence. By examining a broader perspective, the results of the current study are promising for widespread implementation as a method to improve medication adherence.
Safe Patient Handling and Mobility Programs for Overweight and Obese Patients: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Barim Menekse , A Hayden Marie , Jr Krieg Edward , Feng Amy
Published: October 2023

Healthcare providers face numerous challenges in lifting and mobilizing overweight and obese patients, which often lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). To address this, hospitals implement safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) programs, including mechanical lift equipment, policies, and training. This study surveyed 134 healthcare workers in five Veterans Administration Medical Centers who regularly used SPHM programs. According to findings, handling bariatric patients frequently correlated with higher chronic back pain risk. Injuries occurred when not using powered equipment. Improvements like sufficient time with equipment and clear policies reduced injury likelihood. Equipment was crucial in preventing musculoskeletal injuries and pain. Findings emphasize using powered equipment and updating SPHM programs based on worker feedback for better patient handling practices.
Brain Activity Difference during Watching Social Behavior Helping Other People
Authors: Kojima Taiyo , Kamada Kouki , Nakata Toru , Sakamoto Takashi , Kato Toshikazu
Published: October 2023

Sympathy for helping other people influences motivation and performance in communication tasks and collaborative work. To promote interactive sympathy within a team, this study aims to elucidate the relationship between moral consciousness and self-construal inclination by measuring brain activity. In our experiment, participants watch video stimuli, which display moral-related scenes involving helping/disturbing behavior. We found the moral consciousness of feeling good impression was associated with the significant decrement of brain activities in the left-region, particularly dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and Broca’s area. For the participants who had inclination of interdependent self-construal, brain activity decreased significantly in the left-region during watching helping behavior. This finding holds potential for assessing objectively social tendencies based on cultural and value diversity by measuring prefrontal cortex.
The Influence of Spatial Dimension on Task Completion in Human Reliability Analysis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yuan Huanlu , Lee Hyesoo , Lima Jasmine , Boring Ronald
Published: October 2023

In the context of nuclear power plants, human reliability analysis (HRA) is an assessment approach focused on analyzing human error probability in complex systems, minimizing human errors, and increasing safety at nuclear power plants. Both time and location are major influencing factors when it comes to dynamic HRA, because they can easily determine operator success or failure. Despite this, research on these factors is still in its early stages. This pilot study aims to provide preliminary data on four major factors—terrain, distractions, mobility restrictions, and load—to determine the influence of these factors on walking time. Four scenarios were developed to figure out whether movement factors can affect task completion time. By using experimental data, we derived the average walking time and speed under each condition, time increase rate as compared to the regular condition, and the relation of height and speed in given scenarios. These data were linearly regressed to extrapolate time for uncollected data. We found that task performance time varied significantly depending on the determining factor. For example, the distraction scenario drastically increased walking time, while performance changes under factors such as the uneven road were less severe. This research can be used to determine the influence of the spatial dimension during operator walking time, which can help minimize time-related human errors and enhance safety at nuclear power plants.
Uncertainty-Aware AI-Facilitated Decision Support System for Emergency Call Takers
Authors: Lee Minjung , Byon Sungwon
Published: October 2023

This paper presents an artificial intelligence (AI) based decision support system to assist call takers sitting behind emergency numbers, such as 1-1-2 or 9-1-1. Accurate situational awareness of emergency incidents during emergency report intake is crucial for the initial response. However, the caller’s utterances in an emergency situation can be uncertain, therefore the AI model can often assist call recipients with false predictions, delaying the appropriate initial response to emergencies. To address this issue, we propose using an uncertainty-aware AI model in the decision support system. The proposed system displays a set of emergency situational candidates predicted based on the text transcribed in real-time as the voice report intake, supporting the call takers in effectively receiving the emergency calls. The type and number of emergency situational candidates are determined considering the uncertainty inferred from an uncertainty-aware AI model. We provide a detailed explanation of the proposed system and evaluate its performance using actual domestic 1-1-2 police emergency report data.
Validating Trust in Human-Robot Interaction through Virtual Reality: Comparing Embodied and "Behind-the-Screen" Interactions
Authors: Rodriguez Sebastian , Deep Harsh , Asher Drshika , Schaffer James , Kirlik Alex
Published: October 2023

Human-agent interaction is commonplace in our daily lives, manifesting in forms ranging from virtual assistants on websites to embodied agents like robots that we might encounter in a physical setting. Previous research has largely been focused on “behind-the-screen” interactions, but these might not fully encapsulate the nuanced responses humans exhibit towards physically embodied agents. To address this gap, we use virtual reality to examine how simulated physical embodiment and the reliability of an agent (automated robotic crane) influence trust and performance in a task simulating a quality assurance role and compare it to a “behind-the-screen” interaction. Out of 119 participants, the data revealed there is a marked behavioral shift observed when reliability hits a 91% threshold, with no influence from embodiment. Furthermore, participants displayed a tendency to trust and defer to the decisions of embodied agents more, especially when these agents were not infallible. This study accentuates the need for transparency about an agent's capabilities and emphasizes the significance of ensuring that the agent's representation is congruent with the nature of the interaction. Our findings pave the way for a deeper understanding of human-agent interactions, suggesting a future where these interactions might seamlessly blend the virtual and physical realms.
Manufacturing Cell Working in a Cyber-Physical Environment Powered by a Microgrid System
Authors: Rafael Morano-okuno Hector , Esqueda Merino Donovan , Garcia-moran Emmanuel , Villagomez-guerrero Luis
Published: October 2023

In recent years, automated manufacturing systems have increased, new technologies such as the Internet of Things have emerged, and computer systems need to be more robust.This work shares the experiences obtained using a manufacturing cell that works in a cyber-physical environment powered by a micro grid system. The components that create the cyber-physical system and how they interact are mentioned. Some equipment used are CNC machines, industrial robots, conveyors, an automatic storage and retrieval system, and a plc.Throughout the article, the methodology used to analyze user opinions is shown. Subsequently, suggestions are included so that these systems can be replicated or implemented in other institutions.The conclusions mention the advantages and disadvantages presented during the use of this type of automated manufacturing system. Finally, recommendations are given for future work.
Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Persuasive Technology in the Past Decade: A Web of Science-Based Study
Authors: Li Mingzhu , Ni Ying
Published: October 2023

In recent years, research in persuasion technology has matured and captured the attention of numerous experts and scholars. In this article, we analyze 1,714 papers from the Web of Science Core Collection database using CiteSpace software, systematically review the theoretical development, hot topics, and research frontiers of persuasion research, and propose future research directions. We summarize the contributions of three authors who have excelled in the field of persuasion and their significant achievements through the co- authorship knowledge graph. Additionally, we concentrate on four major areas of persuasive technology application: exercise and health, sustainability, education, and business, by filtering and categorizing keywords. We also identify research frontiers in persuasive technology through burst keyword analysis. We discovered that the foundational theory of persuasion is well-established and has been widely applied across various domains. Particularly, research in the domains of exercise and health has emerged as a significant area deserving of further investigation. Furthermore, recent developments in persuasion research have centered on exploring the influencing factors of persuasion, encompassing intrinsic aspects that represent user perspectives and extrinsic elements reflecting the impact of the Internet. Therefore, we encourage researchers to delve deeper into these aspects.
A Framework for Metro Spatial Regional Cultural Information Design based on Passengers’ Needs for Cognition
Authors: Xu Wenyi , Xu Jinbo , Zhang Zhipeng
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore a theoretical framework for metro spatial and regional cultural information design based on passengers' need for cognitions. Through the analysis and evaluation of the regional cultural information design in the existing subway system, we find that many subway systems do not make full use of regional cultural resources, and cannot meet the passengers' need for cognitions for relevant regional cultural information in the process of subway travel. Through the correlation study between subway passengers' need for cognitions and regional cultural information, we find that regional cultural information plays a special role in catering to and activating passengers' need for cognitions. Meanwhile, through the investigation, we find that subway passengers' demand for regional cultural information is getting higher and higher, so we put forward a framework for subway regional cultural information design based on passengers' need for cognitions. However, we are also aware that there are still some challenges and room for improvement in practical applications. For example, the mining of regional cultural information needs to be more in-depth, and the selection of information transmission methods and channels needs to be more flexible and diversified to meet the needs and preferences of different passengers. To sum up, this study effectively improves passengers' cognition and understanding of regional culture and enables the application of regional culture information in subway space through the design framework of regional culture information based on passengers' need for cognitions. This research results will help the subway system to provide more comprehensive and rich regional cultural information, and improve passengers' travel experience and satisfaction with the subway system. Future studies can further explore more refined and personalized regional cultural information design methods, express more in-depth regional cultural connotations, and serve more accurate user groups.
Generative AI Wearable Assistant for Simulated Reach-Back Support
Authors: Jenkins Michael , Leather Calvin , Stone Richard , Kelly Sean
Published: October 2023

This research investigates the development of a generative AI wearable assistant designed to provide simulated reach-back support for maintenance and troubleshooting applications. Reach-back support refers to accessing expertise remotely to assist individuals in challenging situations. In various domains such as healthcare, emergency response, and technical troubleshooting, reaching out to subject matter experts for real-time guidance can be crucial. Leveraging the capabilities of generative AI, we aim to create a wearable hardware and software device that serves as an assistant that simulates expert knowledge and provides personalized, context-aware (via object detection and a natural language interface) assistance. This poster presents preliminary findings from efforts to demonstrate the technical feasibility of this concept through the design, fabrication, and demonstration of an initial wearable prototype. Future research will seek to develop a deep learning model trained on extensive domain-specific data to generate relevant and accurate responses for maintenance and troubleshooting of specific equipment and systems. The wearable assistant incorporates speech recognition, natural language understanding, speech synthesis, and image-based object detection technologies for seamless communication and contextualization of reach-back requests. The findings from this research have the potential to enhance decision-making, problem-solving, and support capabilities in various professional and emergency scenarios where access to real-time expertise is limited.
Beyond The Lockdown: Investigating the Impact of COVID On Technology Adoption In The Construction Industry
Authors: Adekunle Samuel , Aigbavboa Clinton , Akinradewo Opeoluwa , Adekunle Peter , Otasowie Osamudiamen
Published: October 2023

The coronavirus pandemic significantly impacted every aspect of human life and endeavour. It caused deep disruptions in every sector due to the various measures enacted to curb its spread. One of the many measures was the lockdown and work-from-home measures. These measures, among other disruptions, informed the adoption of various technologies. Through a quantitative approach, this study studied the impacts of the Covid 19 pandemic by identifying the various technologies and innovations adopted in the construction industry due to the coronavirus pandemic. A well-structured questionnaire was randomly distributed to construction professionals in South Africa. The results reveal that the adopted technologies due to the COVID-19 impacts can be classified into “construction technologies” and “smart building technologies”. Also, the study ranked the various technologies adopted based on their significance.
Best practices in using Virtual Reality for Design Review
Authors: Robb Martin , Vandli Rune
Published: October 2023

Immersive three-dimensional (3D) model review is a key use case for Virtual Reality (VR) in engineering endeavours. The stereoscopic image provided by VR headsets enables users to naturally perceive the 3D model; this bypasses the mental effort needed when viewing 3D on a regular display and viewers can easily grasp the complexities. This technology is particularly beneficial for team members who aren't design experts, such as construction staff, the Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) team, and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs). VR allows these users to actively engage, understand, and contribute valuable insights to the design team in real-time. Now that remote working and online meetings are standard practices, VR meetings are the next step and a natural progression for collaborative design reviews. VR headsets with internet connectivity empower teams to collectively scrutinize 3D models and LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) point cloud scans. This user-centric, immersive review approach:-Engages a broader set of stakeholders in the design process,-Swiftly highlights design and layout flaws, and-Facilitates a safer construction sequence, especially when Building Information Modelling (BIM) is used.VR in engineering is therefore a triple-win, with the potential to reduce travel costs and CO2 emissions (significant since the construction sector is responsible for around 39% of global carbon emissions), engage specialized skillsets that may be scarce or geographically dispersed, and identify design issues at earlier project stages. For the latter, there is an outsize cost reduction gain since it is well established that project cost escalation has a significantly non-linear upward trajectory (North American Space Institute (NASA), 2004). Since the construction industry amasses a staggering $2500 billion in rework costs annually (representing 13% of the industry's total budget), early detection of issues is highly important to the success of any project.This paper delves into the workflows of VR design review, exploring how they have been successfully applied in large-scale capital projects, encompassing: -VR hardware and software solutions (current at the time of writing),-Details of a staged roll-out model that reduces barriers to adoption, and-Examples from real-world case studies.
An augmented reality collaborative experiment: evaluation of effectiveness for train remote maintenance tasks.
Authors: Li Ruizhen , ZHI Jinyi , Shen Qianhui , XIANG Zerui
Published: October 2023

Recently, the applications of augmented reality (AR) technology in train remote maintenance have attracted much attention from researchers. However, the train remote maintenance is a collaborative task for teams, and the transformation of collaborative methods brought about by AR has a significant impact on user’s performances in the task. In this work, an experiment was used to compare the performance differences between AR remote cooperation and traditional social software remote cooperation in train remote maintenance tasks. Social presence, collaborative availability and system availability affected by the two collaboration methods were analyzed. The results indicate that team members are more inclined to use AR device for remote collaboration in train remote maintenance tasks, and the social presence collaborative availability and system availability of the AR devices are better than traditional remote social methods. These results show that the AR technology has significant application advantages in remote train maintenance and provide a reference for the design of AR remote maintenance systems.
Cockpit Task Management and Task Prioritization in a VR Flight Environment: A Pilot Study on the Stability-Flexibility Dilemma
Authors: Stasch Sophie-marie , Mack Wolfgang
Published: October 2023

Managing complex aircraft control and military tasks simultaneously in flight missions places substantial cognitive demands on pilots. To handle this challenge within the constraints of limited cognitive resources, pilots often employ cockpit task management strategies, such as task prioritization. Cognitive control plays a pivotal role in this process, as it entails directing attention toward relevant tasks while simultaneously filtering out distractions without missing safety-relevant information. The present paper relates these requirements to the stability-flexibility-dilemma of cognitive control. Different performance-related advantages and disadvantages are associated with the stability-flexibility dilemma in multitasking scenarios. On the one hand, cognitive stability is related to improved goal shielding, which in turn is associated with aggravated task switches. On the other hand, cognitive flexibility is linked to facilitated task switching but is also correlated with an increased likelihood of distraction by irrelevant cues. While the stability-flexibility-dilemma has already been investigated via task prioritization in a low-fidelity flight simulator, it remains to be explored in a more real-world flight environment. The presented study simulates a reconnaissance mission with eleven participants in a virtual-reality flight environment. Environmental factors such as weather conditions (non-windy or windy) and hostility levels (low or high) are systematically varied to manipulate task prioritization behavior. The effects of this manipulation on flight performance, workload, and eye-tracking metrics are statistically analyzed with a Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA. Results provide insight into how weather and hostility influence the cognitive control mode via task prioritization in near-realistic flight missions. Implications for the design of future studies are discussed.
Business automation opportunities to enhance collaboration in automated and virtual environments
Authors: Natalia Russi-Vigoya M. , Hatfield Jennifer
Published: October 2023

Allocating automation can be challenging. There are many instances where humans perform better than automation. However, businesses have many opportunities to automate and support humans to achieve more. There are many reasons why enterprises automate. Researchers have found that automation makes sense for tasks that are impossible or hazardous, difficult or unpleasant, and to extend human capabilities. Sometimes, people automate just because it is technically possible. Automation only makes sense when it is supporting the human. Different levels of automation, transitions, or reskilling of the workforce with environments that facilitate their work can benefit the business and the employee's well-being. As technology evolves, it is essential to understand areas where companies will benefit from some of these technologies. Retaining humans in the loop is a crucial factor in enhancing automated systems. One of the existing challenges is the required involvement in the workflow or process. Sometimes, there needs to be a group collaboration of humans when there are events that are unexpected and need adjustment. Dealing with abnormal situations would require innovative ways to unite people within the automation flow through virtual environments, digital twins, and other spaces supporting instantaneous remote collaboration. This paper provides examples of business opportunities to automate and make processes more efficient, effective, and satisfactory. It includes business case examples for digital twins, digital humans, generative AI, and metaverse. It will also mention future challenges with automation and possibilities for revaluation of its function allocation. In particular, it will refer to the importance of user-centred research in supporting business automation delivery of future systems.
Human Error Dynamic Simulation of Work as Performed – Modelling Procedure Deviations with Empirically Derived Failure Mechanisms
Authors: Ulrich Thomas , Boring Ronald , Kim Jisuk , Lew Roger
Published: October 2023

HUNTER is an Idaho National Laboratory software tool developed to support dynamic human reliability analysis. The software performs Monte Carlo simulations of a virtual operator performing procedurally prescribed tasks within the context of a dynamic and coupled nuclear power plant model such that changes in the plant state impact what tasks the operator must perform and the operator’s actions impact the plant state. HUNTER supports a limited suite of scenarios with models containing procedures and corresponding human performance context parameters for a loss of feedwater and steam generator tube rupture scenario. The procedure models contain a single path of steps to mitigate the faults within the two scenarios. Failures occur from the dynamically calculated HEP value exceeding a random generated HEP value for any given task or if the elapsed time to complete a task exceeds the allowed time for that task. In the real world, Operators may error by proceeding along the wrong path and then exceed the allowed time to mitigate a fault as a consequence. To improve realism, HUNTER needs to be able to allow the virtual operator to incorrectly deviate along the wrong procedure path due to a diagnostic or understanding errors in addition to the existing HEP and time failures. Procedure deviations are errors of commission. These are quite challenging to model since there are theoretically infinite errors of commissions that could be made at any point in the simulation. Empirical data collected from a recently performed study evaluating computer-based procedures and failures to adhere to the prescribed procedure steps was used to derive failure mechanisms to realistically constrain the possible deviations to a manageable set that could be modelled within the HUNTER simulation. The process to analyze the empirical procedure adherence data and develop generalized forms of the empirically observed failure mechanisms are described along with their implementation within the HUNTER simulation. Future work aims to continue to validate these failure mechanisms outside of the specific context of the loss of feedwater and steam generator tube rupture contexts to understand their generalizability to other scenarios to more accurately model work as performed within nuclear process control.
The Digital Astronaut Simulation
Authors: Lostroscio Kaitlin , Quiocho Leslie , Bell Charlotte , Frenkel David , Matari Fouad , Nilsson Lauren
Published: October 2023

The Digital Astronaut Simulation provides a human biomechanics modeling, simulation, and analysis capability that is enabling spaceflight hardware design to incorporate the human dynamic input early in development cycles as well as characterize performance after prototypes are built. Engineering design may often include posable mannequins for volumetric type assessments or other anthropometric data, but historically lacks higher fidelity multibody dynamics modeling. However, the implementation described herein facilitates quantifying kinematics and dynamic loads which impact hardware function and can hence be used within design iteration. The enhanced toolset includes a modified multibody model, updated motion capture marker sets, and refined methods for scaling and inverse kinematics. These provide increased accuracy for applications in exercise and extravehicular tasks in reduced gravity, especially where upper extremity motion is involved. A core capability highlighted is the calculation of ground reaction forces, moments, and center of pressure based on motion capture, which is compared with force platform measurements. This paper describes 1) the updates made to an OpenSim full body model and motion capture marker sets to improve model scaling methods and inverse kinematics results 2) verification and validation efforts for ground reaction force, moment, and center of pressure computation, and 3) discussion of the human spaceflight applications to date.
Poticanje učenika na čitanje u digitalnom dobu
Authors: Majdenić Valentina , Kajkić Martina
Published: October 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether students read, how often they read, who encourages them to read, what they gain by reading, whether they have a city library card and how often they visit it. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate whether digital technology interferes with children, how much time they spend using it and for what purposes, whether they have modern technology at all, and also whether they read e-books and which e-readers they use for that. The thesis also wanted to investigate how teachers today encourage students to read, whether they recommend students books that are not on the reading list and how much their students read such books, whether today's students read more or less than previous generations, whether today's students need more incentives than the previous ones and whether teachers use modern technology, tools and applications in teaching, what kind and how often. In research was used survey questionnaire which was used in printed form (for students) and in digital form (for teachers), and the survey was conducted on a sample of 100 third and fourth grade students of Ivan Mažuranić Elementary School and Josip Kozarac Elementary School in Vinkovci and a sample of 61 teachers from the county area of Vukovarsko-srijemska, Osiječko-baranjska, Brodsko-posavska, Virovitičkopodravska, Šibensko-kninska, Zagrebačka and the City of Zagreb.
Mali međimurski rječnik
Authors: Skok Zdravka
Published: October 2023

A Small Dictionary of the Međimurje Dialect is a project that was created as a part of the Croatian teaching in the first grade of high school. According to the Annual Implementation Plan for the first grade, the assigned material includes the Croatian language with all its forms. In order to vividly present the forms of Croatian language, specifically, local tongues in Međimurje, students have created a digital Small Dictionary of the Međimurje Dialect with audio recordings. With this way of working, we encouraged the students to explain the difference between the Croatian language as a system of local tongues and the Croatian standard language, to critically select the appropriate digital technology, to collaboratively learn and work in a team, and to describe and accept their own cultural and national identity in relation to other cultures.
Utjecaj neposrednog aerobnog vježbanja na rezultate u igrama pamćenja kod djece u šestoj godini
Authors: Antolić Ivana , Šerbetar Ivan
Published: October 2023

Physical activity (PA) is important for improvement of the cardiovascular, muscular and skeletal health, however the influence of PA on cognitive functions is also established. PA is particularly important in early childhood because of pronounced neuroplasticity in that develomental stage. Considering that numerous research conducted on adults, has shown positive impact on working memory, i. e. ability to maintain and manipulate the information, the goal of the current research was to establish the influence of acute bouts of aerobic exercise on memory games in preschool children. Forty children 6-year-old, divided into experimental and control groups, were included. Experimental group was involved in moderate-to-high aerobic exercise immeadiately before the memory game, while control group does not exercise before the game. In one-month experiment four measurements were conducted. Outcome variables were defined by game scores acquired and time needed to complete the game. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the groups in points acquired, but statistically significant main effect of time was obtained (F(1.97, 74.85)=17.89, p=.000, partial eta squared = .32).
Europske vrijednosti u hrvatskom kurikulumu povijesti
Authors: Hajdarović Miljenko
Published: October 2023

Korijeni Europske unije sežu u političku i gospodarsku integraciju europskih zemalja nakon Drugog svjetskog rata. Povezanost se temelji na istaknutim zajedničkim vrijednostima koje su najprije zaokružene Poveljom o temeljnim pravima Europske unije 2000. godine, a potom i Lisabonskim ugovorom 2007. godine. Europske vrijednosti pretočene su u zakonodavstvo država članica i integrirane u nacionalne obrazovne sustave. U radu se analizira prisutnost proklamiranih europskih vrijednosti u hrvatskom obrazovnom zakonodavnom okviru, s posebnim naglaskom na kurikulum Povijesti za osnovne škole i gimnazije. U analizu su uključeni i aktualni udžbenici Povijesti završnih razreda osnovnih škola i gimnazija vezani uz prezentaciju teme Europske unije.
Die digitalisierung ist nicht zu stoppen ideen, wie sie im unterricht genutzt werden kann
Authors: Icha Mária
Published: October 2023

A digitalizáció megállíthatatlanul fejlődik és terjeszkedik, ez által hatással van a mindennapi életünkre. Éppen ezért elkerülhetetlen és szükséges, hogy az oktatási tevékenységeinkbe is bevonva, fejlesszük a tanulók digitális kompetenciáját. Számos kutatás és tanulmány szól arról, hogy milyen hatással van a digitalizáció a diákok teljesítményére, én viszont jelen esetben különböző online felületek gyakorlati alkalmazási lehetőségeiről írok. Összefoglalva bemutatok néhány audió és audióvizuális honlapot, amelyekkel izgalmasabbá és érdekesebbé tehetjük a tanítás és tanulás folyamatát, felkelthetjük a diákok érdeklődését; továbbá választ adok arra a kérdésre, hogy miért érdemes zenével is foglalkozni az idegennyelv oktatása során.
Verbális és vizuális asszociációk zenei hatásra
Authors: Magyar Ágnes
Published: October 2023

Tanulmányomban egy projektszemléletben, óvodapedagógus hallgatók részvételével véghez vitt kutatás részeredményeiről számolok be. Fontosnak tartom, hogy a hallgatók részesüljenek a produktív fantázia fejlesztését célul tűző feladatokban az óvodapedagógus képzés során, hiszen leendő munkájuk az egyik legtöbb kreativitást igénylő szakma a pedagógián belül. Ezért a „játék a művészetekben” kurzus keretében egy több lépésből álló projekten keresztül tapasztalhatták meg saját alkotó fantáziájuk megnyilvánulását, melynek eredményeként különböző, egyedi produktumok (rajz vagy festmény; történet; ennek jelenetei gyurmából, illetve egyéb vizuális ábrázolással; a jelenetekről készült fotók; a fotókból kisfilm) születtek. A projekt első fázisáról, a zene hatására asszociációk kialakításáról, majd a létrejött belső képek és verbális asszociációk külső képként való ábrázolásának szakaszáról szóló beszámolómat tartalmazza jelen írásom.