bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dwarf Galaxy Formation with and without Dark Matter–Baryon Streaming Velocities
Authors: Schauer Anna T. P. , Boylan-Kolchin Michael , Colston Katelyn , Sameie Omid , Bromm Volker , Bullock James S. , Wetzel Andrew
Published: June 2023

We study how supersonic streaming velocities of baryons relative to dark matter—a large-scale effect imprinted at recombination and coherent over ∼3 Mpc scales—affect the formation of dwarf galaxies at z ≳ 5. We perform cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, including and excluding streaming velocities, in regions centered on halos with M
vir(z = 0) ≈ 1010
M
⊙; the simulations are part of the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project and run with FIRE-3 physics. Our simulations comprise many thousands of systems with halo masses between M
vir = 2 × 105
M
⊙ and 2 × 109
M
⊙ in the redshift range z = 20–5. A few hundred of these galaxies form stars and have stellar masses ranging from 100 to 107
M
⊙. While star formation is globally delayed by approximately 50 Myr in the streaming relative to nonstreaming simulations and the number of luminous galaxies is correspondingly suppressed at high redshift in the streaming runs, these effects decay with time. By z = 5, the properties of the simulated galaxies are nearly identical in the streaming versus nonstreaming runs, indicating that any effects of streaming velocities on the properties of galaxies at the mass scale of classical dwarfs and larger do not persist to z = 0.
SN 2016ije: An SN 2002es-like Type Ia Supernova Exploded in a Metal-poor and Low-surface Brightness Galaxy
Authors: Li Zhitong , Zhang Tianmeng , Wang Xiaofeng , Zhang Jujia , Galbany Lluís , Filippenko Alexei V. , Brink Thomas G. , Ashall Chris , Zheng WeiKang , de Jaeger Thomas , Ragosta Fabio , Deckers Maxime , Gromadzki Mariusz , Young D. R. , Xi Gaobo , Chen Juncheng , Zhao Xulin , Sai Hanna , Yan Shengyu , Xiang Danfeng , Chen Zhihao , Li Wenxiong , Wang Bo , Zou Hu , Sui Jipeng , Wang Jiali , Ma Jun , Nie Jundan , Xue Suijian , Zhou Xu , Zhou Zhimin
Published: June 2023

We have conducted photometric and spectroscopic observations of the peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2016ije that was discovered through the Tsinghua-NAOC Transient Survey. This peculiar object exploded in the outskirts of a metal-poor, low-surface brightness galaxy (i.e., M

g
= −14.5 mag). Our photometric analysis reveals that SN 2016ije is subluminous (

M

B
,
max

= −17.65 ± 0.06 mag) but exhibits relatively broad light curves (Δm
15(B) = 1.35 ± 0.14 mag), similar to the behavior of SN 2002es. Our analysis of the bolometric light curve indicates that only 0.14 ± 0.04 M
⊙ of 56Ni was synthesized in the explosion of SN 2016ije, which suggests a less energetic thermonuclear explosion when compared to normal SNe Ia, and this left a considerable amount of unburned materials in the ejecta. Spectroscopically, SN 2016ije resembles other SN 2002es-like SNe Ia, except that the ejecta velocity inferred from its carbon absorption line (∼4500 km s−1) is much lower than that from silicon lines (∼8300 km s−1) at around the maximum light. Additionally, most of the absorption lines are broader than other 02es-like SNe Ia. These peculiarities suggest the presence of significant unburned carbon in the inner region and a wide line-forming region along the line of sight. These characteristics suggest that SN 2016ije might originate from the violent merger of a white dwarf binary system, when viewed near an orientation along the iron-group-element cavity caused by the companion star.
The Isotropic Center of NGC 5419—A Core in Formation?
Authors: Neureiter Bianca , Thomas Jens , Rantala Antti , Naab Thorsten , Mehrgan Kianusch , Saglia Roberto , de Nicola Stefano , Bender Ralf
Published: June 2023

With its cored surface brightness profile, the elliptical galaxy NGC 5419 appears as a typical high-mass early-type galaxy (ETG). However, the galaxy hosts two distinct nuclei in its center. We use high-signal MUSE (Multi-unit Spectroscopic Explorer (Based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO program 099.B-0193(A).)) spectral observations and novel triaxial dynamical orbit models to reveal a surprisingly isotropic central orbit distribution in NGC 5419. Recent collisionless simulations of merging massive ETGs suggest a two-phase core formation model, in which the low-density stellar core forms rapidly by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) sinking into the center due to dynamical friction. Only afterwards do the SMBHs form a hard binary, and the black hole scouring process slowly changes the central orbit distribution from isotropic to tangential. The observed cored density profile, the double nucleus, and the isotropic center of NGC 5419 together thus point to an intermediate evolutionary state where the first phase of core formation has taken place, yet the scouring process is only beginning. This implies that the double nucleus is an SMBH binary. Our triaxial dynamical models indicate a total mass of the two SMBHs in the center of NGC 5419 of M
BH = (1.0 ± 0.08) × 1010
M
⊙. Moreover, we find that NGC 5419's complex kinematically distinct core can be explained by a coherent flip of the direction of orbital rotation of stars on tube orbits at ∼3 kpc distance from the galaxy center together with projection effects. This is also in agreement with merger simulations hosting SMBHs in the same mass regime.
GRB 210619B: First Gamma-Ray Burst Detection by the Novel Polarimeter MOPTOP
Authors: Shrestha M. , Steele I. A. , Kobayashi S. , Smith R. J. , Jermak H. , Piascik A. , Mundell C. G.
Published: June 2023

GRB 210619B was a bright long gamma-ray burst (GRB) which was optically followed up by the novel polarimeter MOPTOP on the Liverpool Telescope. This was the first GRB detection by the instrument since it began science observations. MOPTOP started observing the GRB 1388 s after the Swift Burst Alert Telescope trigger. The R band light-curve decays following a broken power law with a break time of 2948 s after the trigger. The decay index values are α
1 = 0.84 ± 0.03 (pre-break) and α
2 = 0.54 ± 0.02 (post-break), indicating that the observation was most probably during the forward shock-dominated phase. We find a polarization upper limit of ∼7%. In the forward shock we expect the polarization to mostly come from dust in the local ambient medium which only produces low degrees of polarization. Hence our non-detection of polarization is as expected for this particular burst.
L’échec de la Communauté européenne de défense ou la fin de l’utopie fédéraliste ?
Authors: Belot Robert
Published: June 2023

En 1954, l’Union européenne des fédéralistes (UEF) est la plus importante et influente organisation non gouvernementale fédérant les groupes fédéralistes en Europe. Même si elle ne considérait pas que la défense était la meilleure manière de faire progresser l’unité politique de l’Europe, elle s’est impliquée intensément dans la promotion de la CED qu’elle voyait comme la promesse d’une Europe fédérale. La non-ratification par le parlement français fut un choc. Comment l’UEF allait-elle réagir ? Grâce à des archives inédites, il est proposé de s’introduire au cœur des débats qui ont agité le comité central et divisé pour longtemps l’UEF qui voyait s’éloigner pour longtemps l’espérance fédéraliste.
Les socialistes français sont-ils responsables de l’échec de la CED ?
Authors: Lefebvre Denis
Published: June 2023

Cette étude s’intéresse à l’affaire de la CED au prisme du parti socialiste SFIO (Section française de l’Internationale ouvrière). Confrontée à ce projet, la SFIO a été profondément divisée en interne, autour de la question du réarmement allemand dans un cadre européen. Avec Guy Mollet, secrétaire général du parti, les partisans de la CED étaient d’avis que ce réarmement était la moins mauvaise solution, car encadré dans un cadre international. Les opposants, pacifistes inconditionnels car marqués par la seconde guerre mondiale, étaient contre tout réarmement par principe. Les divisions ont été très vives dans des congrès socialistes, mais aussi dans des votes à l’assemblée nationale, à tel point que le rejet du 30 août 1954 est dû au vote des députés socialistes.
La CED : point de cristallisation de la politique de Konrad Adenauer
Authors: Casasus Gilbert
Published: June 2023

Cet article s’inscrit dans une perspective historique et politique pour désacraliser la représentation, souvent caricaturale, des manifestations d’amitié entre Français et Allemands. À l’exemple des divergences qui les ont opposés lors du « Plan Pleven », ce discours ne résiste plus à l’épreuve des faits. Alors que le projet de la Communauté européenne de défense représentait aux yeux du chancelier Konrad Adenauer une chance unique pour mettre la République fédérale d’Allemagne sur un pied d’égalité avec ses partenaires ouest-européens, Pierre Mendès France ne l’aimait pas. À son avis, la CED était en adéquation parfaite avec la vision européenne et étatsunienne de l’Allemagne de l’Ouest. Perçu à Bonn comme le « fossoyeur de la CED », Mendès France n’avait guère apprécié les pressions que son homologue avait exercées pour faire adopter ce texte par l’assemblée nationale. Toutefois, c’est bel et bien l’Allemagne qui se retrouva dès 1957 en position de force face à la France.
Les débats sur la défense commune européenne depuis la crise des euromissiles jusqu’à la présidence française du Conseil de l’Union européenne
Authors: Testaferri Sara
Published: June 2023

Au tournant des années 1980, les pays de l’Europe occidentale ont relancé la coopération dans le domaine de la défense pour remédier aux faiblesses révélées par la crise des euromissiles. Le débat a soulevé des enjeux stratégiques et politiques auxquels les gouvernements de l’époque n’ont pas pu répondre. Malgré le changement du système international intervenu avec la fin de la guerre froide et les progrès au niveau de la défense européenne, ces questions n’ont pas été complètement réglées. Dans cette perspective, la présidence française du Conseil de l’Union européenne et la guerre en Ukraine ont fourni l’occasion de reprendre la réflexion sur l’autonomie stratégique.
Resources on the history of European defence at the Historical Archives of the European Union
Authors: Schlenker Dieter
Published: June 2023

Au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale, se manifeste la vision d’une Europe unie pour apporter une paix durable au continent. Mais, très vite, l’Europe est à nouveau confrontée à la guerre et à la nécessité de se défendre dans le contexte de la guerre froide. Pour répondre au besoin de l’Europe occidentale à faire face à la question imminente de la défense, l’idée d’une communauté européenne de défense est inventée. Les Archives historiques de l’Union européenne (AHUE) conservent et mettent à la disposition du public les documents historiques au sujet des efforts déployés pour développer une politique de défense européenne commune. Les Archives conservent les sources institutionnelles de l’UE ainsi que les archives des organisations européennes qui ont travaillé sur les questions de défense et de sécurité en Europe, notamment l’Union de l’Europe occidentale, créée en 1954. Cet article donne un aperçu des principales ressources disponibles aux AHUE et fournit des indications sur la structure et le contenu de ces fonds afin de faciliter la consultation et la recherche.
Consentement et construction de l’intime
Authors: Vallet-Armellino Marion
Published: June 2023

Comment être en position de discerner, de savoir à quoi engage son choix ? Comment mesurer, dans une relation, ce qui entrave, empêche, ce qui fera subordination ou emprise, implicite ou explicite ? Cet article interroge le consentement en tant qu’articulation de l’intime et des nouvelles demandes adressées au social, à travers trois dimensions cliniques actuelles : celles des victimes de violences sexuelles, de l’affirmation de genre, notamment des demandes de transition chirurgico-hormonale, et enfin de la pratique d’une psychiatrie de crise qui cherche à éviter des soins sans consentement. Il s’agit, dans chaque champ spécifique, de respecter l’autonomie décisionnelle de la personne, ce qui implique de respecter la temporalité propre au sujet, dans ses dimensions volontaires autant qu’inconscientes.
Mettre en scène le harcèlement dans un théâtre-forum : quand le consentement trouble l’organisation
Authors: Veyrat Émilie
Published: June 2023

À partir d’une pratique de théâtre-forum en entreprise sur le harcèlement, l’article retrace l’influence de l’évolution sociale (#MeToo) sur le cadre légal, qui impose des changements à l’organisation. Celle-ci cherche à y répondre par une logique d’expertise, mais, dans l’espace clinique ouvert par le théâtre-forum, c’est la notion complexe de consentement qui est débattue. Par des verbatims, l’auteure aborde les conditions de ce dispositif clinique et les difficultés dans sa mise en place. Cette tension entre élaboration et expertise est mise en perspective avec les notions de pouvoir et de résistance, des enjeux latents dans le consentement. Enfin, l’article développe une hypothèse en s’appuyant sur la psychanalyse organisationnelle : celle d’un trouble dans l’organisation, induit par la reconnaissance d’une « nouvelle » forme de subjectivité au travail, non prescrite et inhérente au consentement.
Du consentement libre et éclairé : de l’utopie au sens pratique à l’acte de foi « raisonnable »
Authors: L’Archevêque Alexandre
Published: June 2023

Au sens strict du terme, consentir de manière « libre et éclairée » implique 1) de pouvoir s’affranchir des déterminants au fondement des conduites humaines et 2) d’être en mesure de prévoir l’ensemble de conséquences possibles des décisions prises. Dans le cadre de cet article, le consentement au sens strict est compris comme une utopie. À partir de l’analyse d’observations issues de la psychologie clinique et de l’intervention psychosociale, de même que d’une revue critique de publications scientifiques, trois formes d’assentiment sont distinguées : l’acte de foi aveugle, l’obéissance volontaire et l’acte de foi « raisonnable ». Pour chacune de ces formes, des enjeux éthiques reliés à la clinique sont présentés et discutés.
Le consentement entre leurre et réalité ?
Authors: Froment Myriam , Ferret-Bosch Célye , Garcia Frédéric
Published: June 2023

Les institutions publiques posent comme modalités contractuelles la soumission à l’autorité et la sujétion à la hiérarchie. La notion de consentement y est inévitablement ambiguë malgré l’insistance sociétale autour de l’importance de choisir pour soi. Cette notion est ancienne pour certaines prises en charge en santé et en santé mentale : elle est plus rarement formalisée en santé au travail. En utilisant leur expérience de psychologue du travail et psychologue clinicienne au sein de services autonomes en santé au travail dans la fonction publique, les auteurs mettent en évidence les compromis étroits que nécessite la mise en œuvre d’un consentement acceptable. Ces compromis concernent tant les bénéficiaires des dispositifs que les psychologues. Toutefois, pour les bénéficiaires, le psychologue, de par ses modalités d’exercice professionnel proposant un cadre sécure qui repose sur l’étayage et l’accordage, permet d’atténuer ces écueils et soutient un consentement libre et éclairé tant que c’est possible. Quant au psychologue, de moins en moins protégé par les règles conventionnelles qui se sont modifiées, il est davantage exposé et lui faut jouer le mieux possible sa partition tout en se protégeant.
La « non-demande » de soin et sa transformation en clinique psychosociale
Authors: Bertrand-Banjac Marilyne , Durif-Varembont Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2023

Au sein d’un dispositif d’insertion sociale, les sujets en situation de précarité sociale sont contraints de rencontrer un psychologue pour répondre à l’inquiétude de leur référent social, ce qui pose la question du consentement et de leur demande, le psychologue étant censé paradoxalement les accueillir pour traiter les facteurs psychiques entravant l’insertion sans pour autant faire du soin. À partir de leur expérience clinique, les auteurs proposent une réflexion sur les conditions transférentielles de transformation de la non-demande en demande subjectivée. Ils dégagent les modalités spécifiques de l’intervention clinique dans la rencontre avec les sujets en situation de précarité sociale.
La construction sociale du consentement à la fin de vie. Entre psychologisation de la relationet objectivation de la situation de fin de vie
Authors: Blondel Frédéric
Published: June 2023

L’article explore la dynamique du consentement dans le contexte spécifique de l’accompagnement à la fin de vie. L’hypothèse développée est que le consentement est perçu comme juste si la posture d’accompagnement des soignants a été en capacité d’articuler avec les aidés deux mouvements : celui de la psychologisation de la relation et celui de l’objectivation de la situation. L’article restitue la manière dont les équipes soignantes accompagnent des aidants familiaux à consentir à la fin de vie de leur proche. Plusieurs configurations de consentement sont restituées en appui sur les travaux de recherche de l’auteur : celui relatif au départ de la personne âgée prise en charge en institution, celui de la personne suivie dans le cadre d’un maintien à domicile, celui de l’enfant victime d’un accident et celui de l’enfant né en situation de polyhandicap.
La prison et ses modules de respect : quel sens du travail chez les surveillants ?
Authors: Hernandez Lucie
Published: June 2023

L’objectif de l’article est d’analyser le sens du travail chez des surveillants de prison exerçant au sein d’un dispositif appelé « Modules de respect ». L’auteure analyse ce sens à partir de trois facettes : la signification, l’orientation et la cohérence. Pour ce faire, des entretiens ont été menés dans quatre établissements, auprès de 18 surveillants. L’analyse montre notamment que ce dispositif permet aux surveillants de reprendre la main sur la gestion de la détention et apporte davantage de cohérence dans leurs missions. En analysant l’appropriation du dispositif par ces acteurs, l’enjeu est également de cibler les points sur lesquels prend racine la souffrance associée à cette profession et de discuter des dynamiques contradictoires qui continuent malgré tout de le traverser.
De quoi le care est-il le nom ?
Authors: Antoine Agnès
Published: June 2023

Selon l’auteure, philosophe et psychanalyste, l’émergence contemporaine du courant du care a une signification plus large que l’exigence de revalorisation du « prendre soin » et de l’aide aux personnes, ainsi que des professions qui leur sont liées. En opérant une lecture critique de l’analyse par Freud de la culture et en s’appuyant sur celle du juriste suisse Jacob Bachofen sur le « droit maternel », l’auteure montre que l’appel au care traduit un changement civilisationnel en cours qui balaie les vestiges de la domination patriarcale subsistant dans les démocraties avancées. Elle se demande si la notion de care ne pourrait pas aider la psychanalyse à se dégager elle-même de cette configuration hiérarchique et à dépasser, au plan théorique et pratique, un certain évitement du maternel qui persiste dans son domaine, en dépit des avancées analytiques postfreudiennes.
Éducation et projet parental de mobilité sociale intergénérationnelle
Authors: Joseph Rose-Myrlie
Published: June 2023

Le projet parental, souvent considéré comme un désir d’enfant, est aussi le désir de réussir son enfant. Les femmes haïtiennes interrogées en France et en Haïti placent les aspirations de réussite scolaire pour leur progéniture au centre de de leurs rêves. L’auteure analyse la manière dont ces femmes ayant le sentiment d’échouer dessinent ce projet de mobilité sociale intergénérationnelle. Elle regarde la place de l’éducation dans ce projet parental, l’importance de la réussite et les risques d’échec. Elle termine en questionnant la place laissée à la subjectivation des enfants qui restent des sujets plus que de simples objets des grands projets parentaux. L’approche clinique adoptée articule les déterminismes psychiques et sociaux pour comprendre ces phénomènes tissant le vécu des femmes haïtiennes.
Sur la structure herméneutique de la raison kantienne
Authors: Guerpillon Louis
Published: June 2023

Des raisons structurelles conduisent la pensée kantienne à se développer sur le mode d’une herméneutique. On a parfois refusé ce titre à la théorie kantienne de l’interprétation, au motif que le sens y serait systématiquement reconduit à notre destination morale : jamais l’expérience ne serait pour Kant la rencontre d’un sens étranger , le sens y serait d’emblée ramené à soi. Mais, précisément, la moralité n’est pas chez Kant autre chose que l’épreuve d’une distance irréductible à soi-même. Ce fait pratique de la distance à soi commande la nécessité de l’interprétation des œuvres de la culture, voire de la nature même, de manière à y reconnaître ce qui renvoie la personne à son propre effort de se faire soi.
Spinoza avec Vygotski : une psychologie des affects
Authors: Clot Yves
Published: June 2023

Cette revue critique embrasse trois ouvrages récents permettant une nouvelle approche de la psychologie par la philosphie : celui de Pascal Séverac sur les rapports entre Lev Vygotski et Spinoza et l’édition de traductions de La Science du développement de l’enfant et des Notebooks de Vygotski.
Ergogenic Aids and Testing in Pediatric Athletes
Authors: Ergun-Longmire Berrin , Greydanus Donald E. , Patel Dilip R.
Published: June 2023

In the quest for winning the game, some athletes take various chemicals (ie, drugs, herbs, or supplements) in attempts to develop greater strength, endurance, or other elements that bring a competitive advantage. There are more than 30,000 chemicals sold throughout the world with unrestrained and unproven claims; however, some athletes consume them with hopes of increasing their athletic abilities, often without knowledge of the potential adverse effects and with limited evidence of efficacy. Complicating this picture is that research on ergogenic chemicals is typically conducted with elite adult male athletes and not with athletes who are in high school. A few of these ergogenic aids include creatine, anabolic androgenic steroids, selective androgen receptor modulators, clenbuterol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, human growth hormone, ephedrine, gamma hydroxybutyrate, caffeine, stimulants (amphetamines or methylphenidate), and blood doping. In this article, we describe the purpose of ergogenic aids as well as the potential side effects.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(6):e207–e212.]
Taking Care of Preterm Infants: Outpatient Considerations
Authors: Bethel Claire , Liu Amy
Published: June 2023

In recent decades, the number of pre-term infants born each year has been on the rise as mortality rates decline with improvements in technology and medical care. As a result, many preterm infants are successfully discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). However, with prematurity comes the increased risk of ongoing health and development needs. Special attention must be given to certain chronic conditions by the outpatient provider, including growth and nutrition; gastroesophageal reflux; immunizations; vision and hearing impairments; chronic lung diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension; and neurodevelopmental outcomes. This article will detail some of these topics to better inform the primary care provider of appropriate strategies to manage these chronic conditions and sequalae on NICU discharge.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(6):e200–e205.]
A bi-level humanitarian response plan design model considering equity and efficiency—the example of Yemen
Authors: Hezam Ibrahim M.
Published: June 2023

Yemen has suffered from a civil war since 2015, which caused the largest famine in the world at this time. People came in need of urgent humanitarian relief in all sectors. In this situation, the donor countries are offering funds to non-profit humanitarian organizations to help Yemen in critical sectors, such as food, health, water, education and other sectors. We propose a new bi-level optimization distribution model for large-scale emergency logistics in Yemen. The upper-level model aims to minimize the unmet demand. The lower-level model seeks to maximize the funds sent to affected areas that fulfill the needs of the affected people by appealing to the donor countries to increase the funds. This model ensures a satisfying rate of equity and efficiency distribution among aid recipients of all governorates of Yemen based on their needs. We consider in this work the top ten donor countries, the nine sectors of the sustainable development goals, the five top humanitarian organizations and twenty-two disastrous regions. The model is applied and validated using actual data collected from Yemen in 2021. The results indicate the necessity of redistributing funds to all governorates of Yemen according to their needs and the priority of the supporting sectors. This proposed model is essential to humanitarian relief decision-makers in general and workers in Yemen in particular as it ensures the continuous flow of aid from donors to beneficiaries and is equitable and effectively distributed. It also gives a glimpse of the importance of continuing to appeal for fundraising from the donors to increase funds and their importance to cover the most significant percentage of those affected.
A fast and efficient Newton-type iterative scheme to find the sign of a matrix
Authors: Ullah Malik Zaka , Alaslani Sultan Muaysh , Mallawi Fouad Othman , Ahmad Fayyaz , Shateyi Stanford , Asma Mir
Published: June 2023

This work proposes a new scheme under the umbrella of iteration methods to compute the sign of an invertible matrix. To this target, a review of the exiting solvers of the same type is given and then a new scheme is derived based on a multi-step Newton-type nonlinear equation solver. It is shown that the new method and its reciprocal converge globally with wider convergence radii in contrast to their competitors of the same order from the general Padé schemes. After investigation on the theoretical parts, numerical experiments based on complex matrices of various sizes are furnished to reveal the superiority of the proposed solver in terms of elapsed CPU time.
Online Courses in Technology and Engineering: To What Extent Do They Tangibly Enhance Professional Development?
Authors: AlMunifi Abdullatif A. , Aleryani Arwa Y.
Published: June 2023

Platforms for online courses including Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have become the most remarkable well-built environment for teaching and learning. Until recently the various types of online courses have been an optional and supplementary source of gaining knowledge and skills to compensate the learning lose in formal education, either for students or professionals. COVID-19 brought unprecedented disruption to the education industry. Work integrated learning in very essential fields, namely, technology and engineering, did not take place. Despite the fact that MOOCs boosted formal education by providing online courses, the learning loss had already been maximized. This research addresses the motivations, challenges and interactions as well as the tangible and intangible impacts of technology and engineering online courses on MENA (Middle-East and North Africa) professionals; and to what extent have these courses been able to promote professionals to a new development in their careers? A survey questionnaire with standardized closed-ended and open-ended questions was conducted online with 66 professionals who have been purposely selected. The analysis of responses and findings show that the desire to develop and enhance knowledge previously acquired is the most important motivation. The results also showed weakness in the tangible achievements of the participants, and most of the achievements were the enhancement of knowledge. In spite of the set of challenges and inadequacies in achievements, the online platforms are providing a valuable well-built environment for life-long learning to advance knowledge, skills and to compensate for lost learning.
Proposing a Feature Selection Approach to Predict Learners' Performance in Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs)
Authors: Miami Abdul Aziz Al-Masoudy  , Al-Azawei Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Predicting students' success in virtual learning environments (VLEs) can help educational institutions improve their online services and provide efficient online learning content. However, this cannot be achieved without identifying the possible effective features that have a high influence on students' performance. This research aims at providing an early prediction approach to learners' achievement on VLEs. A new feature selection method called a Developed Sequential Feature Selection (D-SFS) was proposed to identify the most effective features that could highly enhance prediction accuracy. The findings suggest that the D-SFS method outperforms the original Sequential Forward Selection (SFS) approach. The prediction accuracy using the SFS method was 92.466% with seventeen features, whereas the proposed approach successfully predicted 92.518% of students' performance using seven features only. Such outcomes highlight the importance of implementing a feature selection method to enhance prediction accuracy, decrease the number of features, and reduce the model's time and execution complexity.
Analysis of Student Performance Applying Data Mining Techniques in a Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Aguagallo Leonardo , Salazar-Fierro Fausto , García-Santillán Janneth , Posso-Yépez Miguel , Landeta-López Pablo , García-Santillán Iván
Published: June 2023

Students' academic performance is a key factor for educational institutions and society, which is an important indicator of the quality of the teaching-learning process and the appropriation of knowledge. Its analysis allows an understanding of the behavior of students and teachers, generating valuable knowledge for making timely academic decisions. In this study, the following phases were carried out: (i) identification of factors that influence the academic performance of engineering university students, (ii) early prediction of academic success, and (iii) identification of use patterns in a virtual learning environment (VLE). The Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) methodology was applied based on predictive and descriptive data mining techniques, using academic and socioeconomic data and interactions (resources and activities) with the VLE. The tools and programming languages ​​used were Pentaho Data Integration for data integration and processing; Jupyter Notebook, Python, and Scikit-Learn for correlation analysis and prediction modeling; and R Studio for the clustering task. The results show that VLE resources such as files, links, and activities such as participation in forums are factors that lead to good academic performance. On the other hand, it was possible to make predictions of academic success (pass or not) with an accuracy greater than 95% and to identify the main patterns of use of the VLE. The group with excellent academic performance (grades 9 to 10) is recognized for using file-type resources and high participation in class and forum activities.
The Impact of a Collaborative IoT Framework for Smart Cities and Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Husein Suzan , Mudhafar Darun , B Saravana Balaji
Published: June 2023

this paper proposed an architecture that is SenSquare, it is capable to carry various data sources which is coming through an open IOT program and throng sensor campaign, as well as displaying an integrated access for the utilizers. The goals of smart cities are to progress the quality of citizen in life through leveraging details on process of the urban scales that removed by diverse data source gathered at city broad deployment. In this paper checking the whole surfaces of a compound system, traversing through problems of various quality, this paper contract with the diverse data ranking, the Mobile Crowd sensing (MCS) administration to data ecological, acting information and integration, the services of IOT installation and redeployments. This study explained the suggested resolutions in cooperation with a functions and current ways to sitting unlock defies. Eventually, it pretends the ability of the SenSquare by jointly the desktop client and mobile.
Smart System to Recapitulate Student Attendance on Virtual Meeting Platforms During Covid-19
Authors: Rahmad Cahya , Rachmad Syulistyo Arie , R.H. Putra Dimas , Prati Andrea , Fontanini Tomaso , Ariyanto Rudy
Published: June 2023

Educators have problems conducting online learning, such as monitoring student attendance while presenting the material. This paper aims to predict student names who attend zoom video conferences with various lighting conditions and face angles by comparing two detection and two recognition methods. This paper proposes an intelligent system based on the use of a bot that will analyse a combination of face detection and recognition method for attendance systems using video conferencing applications to carry out online learning. The proposed system will use the best combination of two methods to recapitulate student attendance. The face detection system uses Haar Cascade and MTCNN, and the face recognition system uses ResNet and FaceNet. The tests were conducted on video zoom footage taken during online lectures. The results show that MTCNN and FaceNet get the highest accuracy, 93.23%.
Proposed Hybrid Secured Method to Protect Against DDOS in n Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET)
Authors: Tuka Kareem Jebur
Published: June 2023

Security and safety are critical concerns in Vehicular Adhoc Networks.  vulnerable to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which occur when multiple vehicles carry out various tasks. This cause disrupts the normal functioning of legitimate routes. In this work, the Hybrid PSO-BAT Optimization Algorithm (HBPSO) Algorithm based on modified chaos -cellular neural network (Chaos - CNN) approaches has been proposed to overcome DDoS attacks. The suggest approaches consists of three-part which are hybrid optimization search algorithm to enhance the route from source to destination, chaos theory module is used to detect the abnormal nodes, then on Modified Chaotic CNN (MCCN) employed to prevent a malicious node from sending data to the destination by determining node that consumer more resource, packets lose or the victim could reset the path between the attacker and itself. CICIDS dataset has been used to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed approach based on the criteria of accuracy, packet loss, and jitter.  The Chaos - CNN approached results to outperform similar models of the related work and the approach protects the VANETs with high accuracy of 0.8736, specificity of 0.9959, TPR of 0.9561, and FPR of 0.78, Detection rate 0.9561.
The heritagisation of rituals: commodification and transmission. A case study of Nianli Festival in Zhanjiang, China
Authors: Zheng Shanshan
Published: June 2023

This article inquires into the effects of heritagisation on popular religious practices in Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China. With the establishment of the intangible cultural heritage (ICH) inventory system in China, numerous popular religious practices, such as procession of local deities, ancestor worship, temple festivals, exorcisms, divination, and spirit mediumship, are free of the stigma of “feudal superstition” and are now recognised as ICH. Based on the fieldwork conducted in the prefecture city of Zhanjiang (Guangdong Province, China) on the local festival tradition of Nianli, I examine how local communities respond to the Party-state’s efforts to safeguard ICH through two processes: the commodification and the transmission of ritual practice. How does the heritage-making process affect the commodification of ritual practice? And what impact has the participation of a plurality of new actors in ICH transmission had on the methods of transmission of local ritual knowledge?
Integration of the Internet of Things and Blockchain to Promote Collaboration in Smart Cities
Authors: Yu Poshan , Zhao Zixuan , Hanes Emanuela
Published: June 2023

This chapter aims to explore the importance of the convergence and collaboration of the internet of things and blockchain in enabling the development of smart cities. It will capture the strong link between the burgeoning advanced technology and China's fast-growing smart cities. In addition, the authors used the CiteSpace bibliometric tool to analyse the core journals related to smart cities, IoT, and blockchain in WoS and CNKI operations and visualise the relationships between the literature as a scientific knowledge map. The research topic in this chapter focuses on the keywords with the highest frequency and determines the research frontier and trend. This chapter will further explore the roles of the government in promoting the integration of the internet of things and blockchain in the development agenda of industrial infrastructure and smart cities through policies (i.e., institutions).
Cutting Edge: Optimal Formation of Hepatic Tissue-Resident Memory CD4 T Cells Requires T-bet Regulation of CD18
Authors: Depew Claire E , Nguyen Alana T , Franke Marissa C , Calderon Jesica , Sciammas Roger , McSorley Stephen J
Published: June 2023

CD4 tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) allow robust protection of barrier surfaces against pathogens. We investigated the role of T-bet in the formation of liver CD4 TRMs using mouse models. T-bet–deficient CD4 T cells did not efficiently form liver TRMs when compared with wild-type (WT). In addition, ectopic expression of T-bet enhanced the formation of liver CD4 TRMs, but only when in competition with WT CD4 T cells. Liver TRMs also expressed higher levels of CD18, which was T-bet dependent. The WT competitive advantage was blocked by Ab neutralization of CD18. Taken together, our data show that activated CD4 T cells compete for entry to liver niches via T-bet–induced expression of CD18, allowing TRM precursors to access subsequent hepatic maturation signals. These findings uncover an essential role for T-bet in liver TRM CD4 formation and suggest targeted enhancement of this pathway could increase the efficacy of vaccines that require hepatic TRMs.
Control of Candida auris Septicemia in Patients of Trauma Intensive Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sahoo Amiyabala , Malhotra Shalini , Mehta Nirmala Kumari , Sharma Shefali , Kaur Nirmaljit , Kaur Amarjit , Duggal Nandini
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Candida auris is associated with nosocomial outbreaks in intensive care settings, and transmission despite the implementation of enhanced infection prevention and control (IPC) measures is a particular concern.

Objective:

Isolation and identification of C. auris from suspected cases of fungal septicemia and its surveillance.

Materials and Methods:

Blood culture samples of all suspected cases of fungal septicemia were taken from the trauma intensive care unit (TICU) of a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi between September 2019 and November 2019 as part of surveillance of device-associated infections. All the samples were obtained by central venous catheter line. Samples were processed in BacT/Alert automated blood culture system. Positive flagged bottles were further subcultured unto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with and without cycloheximide and incubated at 37°C. All suspected Candida isolates were identified by conventional methods and the suspected C. auris isolates were further confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption time of flight.

Results:

Out of 24 suspected fungal septicemia cases from TICU, three patients had C. auris septicemia and all three isolates were resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole.

Action Taken:

IPC practices were reinforced as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines by the infection control team.

Conclusion:

This article depicts the emergence of multidrug-resistant C. auris and controlling its spread by appropriate infection control measures.
A Review on the Epidemiology of HBV and HIV Co-Infection
Authors: Mohd Asaad , Sami Hiba , Khan Parvez Anwar , Khan Haris M.
Published: June 2023

HIV infection has an impact on the natural course of chronic HBV infection, as it results in an increase in HBV DNA levels, accelerated progression of liver disease, and increased liver-related mortality compared with HBV mono-infection. In HIV/HBV co-infected individuals, widespread uptake and early initiation of HBV-active antiretroviral therapy have drastically improved the natural history of viral infection; however, liver disease remains common. In this paper we have reviewed the epidemiology, prevalence, treatment, pathogenesis of HIV and HBV co-infection. Co-infection of HBV-HIV is more likely to progress and complicate the disease and should be closely monitored and treated.
Prediction of Rise in Alkaline Phosphatase at Different Vitamin D Levels
Authors: Gutch Manish , Mandal Uday Kumar , Kumar Sukriti
Published: June 2023

Background:

Vitamin D deficiency with a resurgence of rickets and tetany is increasingly being reported in young infants from temperate regions, African Americans, and also from India. The data on Vitamin D status of healthy term breastfed Indian infants and mothers are scant. In fact, the correlation between Vitamin D deficiency and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is inaccurate in many studies.

Aim and Objective:

The aim and objective of this study are to determine whether serum Vitamin D levels are correlated with serum levels of ALP or not and to study the point, at which ALP surge occurs in Vitamin D deficiency.

Materials and Methods:

Ninety-six participants at birth were enrolled and followed up till 9 months of age. Serum 25 (OH) D along with ALP was estimated in cord blood at birth and 14 ± 1 weeks of life. Seventy-seven participants were followed up at 9 months for estimation of serum 25 (OH) D, parathyroid hormone, ALP, calcium, and phosphorus. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25 (OH) D <15 ng/mL as per the United States Institute of Medicine guidelines.

Results:

At 9 months out of 96 samples, 16 had mild insufficient (≥15–20 ng/mL) (20.8%), 42 had moderate deficient (<15 ng/mL) (54.5%), and 0 had severe deficient (<5 ng/mL) Vitamin D deficiencies. Serum alkaline phosphate were found to be normal in all the three groups of patients and the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that low Vitamin D level is predicted by a high ALP cutoff of ALP is 190.90 IU/L with reasonable sensitivity and specificity. The correlation coefficient of ALP and serum Vitamin D3 levels was r = 0.501 (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Serum Vitamin D3 levels correlated well with increased serum ALP levels but the level, at which the ALP surge occurs was on the lower side.
Rosuvastatin-Induced Reversible Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Pradhan Sangeeta , Makharia Archita , Lakhotia Manoj , Gopal Kishan
Published: June 2023

We report a case of rhabdomyolysis (RM) in a postpercutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty patient caused by a high dose of rosuvastatin. She was admitted to the hospital with complaints of muscle weakness, myalgia, and passing red-colored urine for the last 7 days. Routine blood investigations showed serum creatinine 1.51 mg/dl, creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) 31,000 U/L, and urine myoglobin 934 ng/ml. The patient was diagnosed with rosuvastatin-induced RM. Rosuvastatin was stopped on the day of admission, and intravenous fluids were started with strict monitoring of clinical and biochemical profile. Consequently, her CPK and urine myoglobin started decreasing and her symptoms improved. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 10th day without a statin. Rosuvastatin-induced RM is discussed as a potentially preventable life-threatening side effect.
Role of Initial and Follow-Up Lactate Dehydrogenase Titer in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Patil Shital , Patil Deepak , Khule Shubhangi
Published: June 2023

Aims:

Robust data of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are available as a prognostic marker in hematology, malignancy, and pneumocystis pneumonia, and we have analyzed its usefulness in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, observational, follow-up study included 1000 COVID-19 cases confirmed with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. All cases were assessed with lung involvement documented and categorized on high-resolution computerized tomography (CT) thorax, oxygen saturation, inflammatory marker as LDH at entry point, and follow-up. Age, gender, comorbidity, and use bilevel-positive airway pressure/noninvasive ventilation (BIPAP/NIV) and outcome as with or without lung fibrosis as per CT severity were key observations. Statistical analysis is done by using Chi-square test.

Results:

In a study of 1000 COVID-19 pneumonia cases, age (<50 and >50 years) and gender (male versus female) have a significant association with LDH in predicting severity of COVID-19 pneumonia (P < 0.00001 and P < 0.010, respectively). CT severity score at entry point with LDH level has a significant association (P < 0.00001). LDH level has a significant association with duration of illness (P < 0.00001). Comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic heart disease, and obesity have a significant association with LDH level (P < 0.00001). LDH level has a significant association with oxygen saturation (P < 0.00001). BIPAP/NIV requirement during course of hospitalization has a significant association with LDH level (P < 0.00001). Timing of BIPAP/NIV requirement in critical care setting has a significant association with LDH level (P < 0.00001). Follow-up LDH titer during hospitalization as compared to entry point abnormal LDH has a significant association in post-COVID lung fibrosis (P < 0.00001). Follow-up LDH titer during hospitalization as compared to entry point normal LDH has a significant association in post-COVID lung fibrosis (P < 0.00001).

Conclusions:

LDH has documented a very crucial role in COVID-19 pneumonia in predicting severity of illness, progression of illness, and sequential LDH titers, which will help assess response to treatment during hospitalization and analyze post-COVID lung fibrosis.