bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelanggaran Kampanye Pemilihan Umum Perspektif Fikih Jinâyah
Authors: Ramadhani Farid Maulana
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This study highlights the Islamic political jurisprudence’s against violations of the general election campaign. The violations of the campaign com Islamic political jurisprudence’s perspective mitted by the perpetrators to elect the members of DPR and DPD is something that is familiar to the public. It means that there have so often a violation of the campaign during the legislative election campaign. Although the campaign’s provisions in Law No. 8 year 2012 on General Election has been set on the prohibition of the campaign and the implementation of a safe election campaign. The campaigners look like clossing  their eyes on the rules of the campaign. So that, it is quite difficult to be followed up by the authorities and the perpetrators are so easy to perform the prohibited action. Based on the Islamic political jurisprudence’s perspective, the election campaign violations committed by the perpetrators have some negative effects that harm and disturb the public order. So that the perpetrators can be sentenced by an educative punishment for a criminal offense that has not been determined by the shari’ah.Keywords: Abuse, campaign, general election, Islamic political jurisprudence.
Hak Anggota Serikat Pekerja Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Nasution Bahder Johan
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The concept of rights and freedom as well as their guarantee cannot be separated from a system of value and principle that inspires them. In a democratic society, right and freedom are inherent in human, a guarantee of both, and their law enforcement, cannot be separated. The rights include rights to form a union and association. For workers this rights and freedom are implemented in the form of a labor union that serves as a means to make a political bargain with employers. The union is also important instrument for workers in fighting for their normative rights.Keywords: Trade union right, freedom of association. Abstrak: Konsep mengenai hak dan kebebasan maupun mengenai jaminannya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari sistem nilai dan asas yang mengilhaminya. Dalam suatu masyarakat demokratis, hak dan kebebasan yang melekat pada manusia, jaminan terhadap hak dan kebebasan itu, serta penegakannya secara hukum membentuk suatu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Bagi pekerja hak dan kebebasan ini diimplementasikan dalam bentuk serikat pekerja yang berfungsi sebagai sarana untuk melakukan tawar menawar dengan pengusaha dan sebagai instrument dalam memperjuangkan hak-hak normatifnya.Kata Kunci: Hak serikat pekerja, kebebasan berserikat
Kepemimpinan Perempuan Menurut Masdar Farid Mas'udi dan Kiai Husen Muhammad
Authors: Tirmidzi Ach.
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji pemikiran Masdar Farid Mas’udi dan Kiai Husen Muhammad tentang kepemimpinan perempuan. Kepemimpinan perempuan menurut Masdar Farid Mas’udi dan Kiai Husen Muhammad, tidak bertentangan dalam Islam. Karena menurut Masdar dan Kiai Husen Muhammad, tidak hanya kaum laki-laki yang berhak menjadi pemimpin, perempuanpun juga berhak sebagaimana peran laki-laki. Masdar Farid Mas’udi dan Kiai Husen Muhammad adalah tokoh pembela perempuan yang konsisten dalam memperjuangkan dan membela hak-hak perempuan. Sehingga ia termasuk salah-satu kiai yang membolehkan perempuan jadi pemimpin sebagaimana yang dilakukan oleh kaum laki-laki. Karena menurut Masdar dan Kiai Husen Muhammad dibolehkannya bukan terletak pada jenis kelamin, melainkan karena potensi kemampuannya. Jadi menurut keduanya tidak ada larangan dan batasan bagi perempuan menjadi pemimpin. Pandangan dan gagasan Masdar dan Kiai Husen tentang kepemimimpinan perempuan terletak pada kontekstualisasi teks (kritik teks).  Bedanya kalau Masdar menafsirkan teks tidak terlepas dengan konsep fikihnya, sedangkan Kiai Husen menafsirkan teks tidak terlepas dari sejarah dan fiqihnya.Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan perempuan, Masdar Farid Mas’udi, Kiai Husen Muhammad
Sanksi Kejahatan Layering (Heavy Soaping) Dalam Bentuk Funds Wire
Authors: Akbar Mochammad Fahd
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang sanksi kejahatan layering (heavy soaping) dalam bentuk funds wire perspektif hukum pidana Islam. Sanksi tindak pidana layering (heavy soaping) dalam bentuk funds wire bila ditinjau dari pandangan hukum Islam, dikategorikan kepada jarīmah ta’zīr atas kemaslahatan umum (al-maslahah al-mursalah), karena perbuatan tersebut merupakan kejahatan (jarīmah) yang tidak diatur bentuk dan jumlahnya oleh shara’ dan nyata-nyata mengganggu kemaslahatan umum.  Hal ini didasarkan bahwa pada jarīmah ta’zīr hakim memiliki kewenangan yang luas untuk menetapkan suatu jarīmah dan hukumannya sesuai dengan tuntutan kemaslahatan. Pada jarīmah ta’zīr ini, al-Qur’ân dan hadis tidak menetapkan secara terperinci, baik bentuk jarīmah maupun hukumannya, dan mengenai hukuman yang dikenakan kepada pelaku layering (heavy soaping) dalam bentuk funds wire, dikenakan hukuman yang berkaitan dengan kemerdekaan yaitu berupa penjara yang dibatasi waktunya. Bagi pelaku, hendaknya dapat disita seluruh asset dan kekayaannya untuk menutupi kerugian negara karena tindak pidana pencucian adalah tindak pidana yang menghasilkan dana yang besar dan merugikan perekonomian suatu negara.Kata Kunci: Layering, funds wire, hukum pidana Islam.
Sanksi Kumulatif Dalam Penyalahgunaan Narkotika
Authors: Maria Resah Anika
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Dasar hukum yang digunakan oleh hakim dalam menjatuhkan sanksi kumulatif yaitu karena pelaku penyalahgunaan narkotika melanggar ketentuan pasal 114 ayat l) UU RI No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang narkotika. Dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam juga terdapat sanksi hukuman kumulatif, yaitu berupa ditetapkannya hukuman ta’zîr dan diperberat dengan diyat, agar dapat menimbulkan efek jera dan tidak diulangi lagi oleh pelaku jarîmah tersebut. Kepada pemegang kebijakan riil hakim) dan aparatur negara diharapkan dalam penjatuhan hukuman pidana agar lebih tegas dan bila perlu lebih berat dalam menetapkan hukuman terhadap pelaku penyalahgunaan narkotika agar menibulkan efek jera dan untuk memberantas kenakalan remaja dan seluruh masyarakat sebagai upaya memperbaiki setiap masyarakat. Sehingga hukum Islam mampu menjadi rahmat bagi alam semesta dalam peradaban manusia.Kata Kunci: Sanksi kumulatif, narkotika, hukum pidana Islam
Potensi Integrasi dan Internalisasi Hukum Pidana Islam ke dalam Penal Reform di Indonesia
Authors: Sanuri M
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the potential for integration and internalization of Islamic Criminal Law in the revision of the National Criminal Code (penal reform). There are three good reasons why the Islamic Criminal Law is quite potential to integrate and internalize in the draft revision of the National Criminal Code, namely; 1. Indonesia is a state based on Pancasila as its ideology as mentioned in the first principle “Almighty God”; 2. The majority of Indonesian people are Muslim; and 3. Historically, Islamic criminal law was to have lived in the archipelago. The internalization process of Islamic Criminal Law into the National Criminal Law can be done with several principles, namely: (1) a substantial and contextual rather than formal-textual; (2) the orientation from jawâbir to zawâjir; (3) the theory of zawâjir (rehabilitation theory), namely how to rehabilitate convict; (4) the establishment of principles derived from Islamic law as set forth in the concept of maqâshid al-syarî'ah.

Keywords: Integration, Islamic Criminal Law, National Criminal Code, penal reform.

                        

Abstrak:  Artikel ini membahas tentang potensi integrasi dan internalisasi hukum pidana Islam ke dalam revisi KUHP Nasional (penal reform). Ada tiga alasan kuat mengapa hukum pidana Islam berpotensi untuk berintegrasi dan berinternalisasi dalam rancangan revisi KUHP Nasional, yaitu; 1. Indonesia adalah negara yang berdasarkan Pancasila sebagai ideologi, terutama sila pertama “Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa”; 2. Mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia adalah Muslim; dan 3. Secara historis, hukum pidana Islam ini pernah hidup di bumi nusantara. Proses internalisasi hukum pidana Islam ke dalam hukum pidana nasional bisa dilakukan dengan beberapa prinsip, yakni: (1) substansial-kontekstual dan bukan formal-tekstual; (2) dari orientasi prinsip jawâbir menuju zawâjir; (3) teori zawâjir (rehabilitation theory), yakni merahibilitasi si terpidana; (4) pembentukan asas-asas yang disarikan dari hukum Islam sebagaimana yang tertuang dalam konsep maqâshid al-syarî’ah.

Kata Kunci: Integrasi, hukum pidana Islam, Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, penal reform.
ECO-LITERACY FIQH AL-BÎ’AH DALAM HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Mufid
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The environmental crisis is a contemporary issue that draws the public attention. In Islam, protecting environment is an important aspect in preserving the existence of the macro life for all God’s creatures without dwarfing one another. That is why in the environmental Islamic jurisprudence, protecting environment (hifz al-bî’ah) is equal as keeping religion (hifz al-dîn), protecting soul (hifz al-nafs), maintaining intellect (hifz al-aql), maintaining descent (hifz al-nasl), and maintaining property (hifz al-mâl). The reason is that if the aspects of religion, life, intellect, lineage and property damaged, then the existence of humans on the environment becomes stained. Thus, al-Qaradawi made hifz al-bî’ah as an Islamic axiological study. From here, the effort to develop the epistemological basis of Islamic environmental jurisprudence becomes a necessity. Therefore, in this context, maqâshid al-syarî’ah (hifz al-bî’ah) is the main purpose of Islamic law. It can also be an “approach” in reformulating the “anthropological and cosmological-based Islamic environmental jurisprudence”.Keywords: Fiqh al-bî’ah, hifz al-bî’ah, eco-literacy, national law. Abstrak: Krisis lingkungan merupakan isu kontemporer yang menyita perhatian publik. Dalam Islam, menjaga lingkungan merupakan aspek penting dalam upaya melestarikan eksistensi kehidupan makro bagi seluruh makhluk ciptaan Tuhan tanpa mengerdilkan satu sama lain. Itu sebabnya, doktrin Islam tentang fikih ramah lingkungan menyatakan bahwa menjaga lingkungan (hifz al-bî’ah) sama dengan menjaga agama (dîn), jiwa (nafs), akal (aql), keturunan (nasl), dan harta (mâl). Rasionalitasnya adalah bahwa jika aspek-aspek agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan dan harta rusak, maka eksistensi manusia di dalam lingkungan menjadi ternoda. Dengan demikian, al-Qardâwî menjadikan hifz al-bî’ah sebagai kajian aksiologi ilmu-ilmu keislaman. Dari sini, maka upaya pengembangan basis epistemology fikih lingkungan menjadi suatu keniscayaan. Maqâshid syarî’ah (hifz al-bî’ah) sebagai tujuan utama agama dapat menjadi “pisau analisis” dalam mereformulasikan fikih lingkungan yang berbasis antropokosmis.Kata Kunci: Fiqh al-bî’ah, hifz al-bî’ah, eco-literacy, hukum nasional.
Kekerasan Yang Dilakukan Oleh Front Pembela Islam Di Dengok Kandangsemangkon Paciran Lamongan Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Rahmaniyah Azilatur
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the violence conducted by the Islamic Defender Front in Dengok Kandangsemangkon village -Paciran- Lamongan. Violence committed by the members of FPI in Dengok Kandangsemangkon village is in the form of persecutions. It has fulfilled the elements that exist in Islamic criminal law which classified the criminal act on other than the soul. The violations which done are cutting ears, beating on back, wounding head and cheeks. In the Islamic criminal law of mass violence causing injury other people is not directly regulated, but it can be qualified as persecution of jarîmah conducted by more than one person. In this case, the perpetrator can be punished by qishâsh. However if he is forgiven by the family, it can be replaced by diyat. Indirect actor in this case is sentenced by ta’zir based on judge’s decition.

Keywords: Violence, Islamic Defenders Front, Islamic Criminal Law.

                        

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang kekerasan yang dilakukan Front Pembela Islam di dusun Dengok Desa Kandangsemangkon Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan. Kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh anggota FPI yang ada di Dusun Dengok Desa Kandangsemangkon adalah berupa penganiayaan-penganiayaan. Hal ini telah memenuhi unsur-unsur yang ada pada hukum pidana Islam yang digolongkan pada tindak pidana atas selain jiwa. Adapun yang dilakukan antara lain adalah pemotongan telinga, pemukulan mengenai punggung, pelukaan pada kepala dan pipi. Dalam hukum pidana Islam kekerasan massa yang mengakibatkan luka orang lain tidak diatur secara langsung, namun dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai jarîmah penganiayaan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama, maka qishâsh dijatuhkan atas pelaku aktif, yaitu pelaku langsung, jika dimaafkan bisa diganti diyat. Pelaku tidak langsung dalam hal ini dijatuhi hukuman ta’zir yang diserahkan kepada hakim.

Kata Kunci: Kekerasan, Front Pembela Islam, hukum pidana Islam.
Hukuman bagi Orang Tua yang Membunuh Anaknya ‎menurut Hukum Pidana Islam dan KUHP
Authors: Faizah Sayyidah Nur
Published: March 2018

Abstract: According to the Islamic Criminal Law, the crime of child murder by parents is an act which is committed by parents to their child which aims to take the life or eliminate the benefits of his/her limbs. In the legal appointment of qishâsh, parents are not punished or killed for killing his son. But if it does not get the punishment, it will often happen crimes committed by parents to their children today and the future. Because of that, the parents continued to receive punishment in the form ta’zîr. According to the Criminal Code, a criminal act to children by the parents is a person who deliberately robs the lives of others, taking the life of others intentionally or unintentionally, then the person will be threatened and sentenced to criminal punishment according to the Criminal Code Chapter XIX on a crime against life chapter 338 to 350 and can also be seen in Law No. 23 of 2003 on the protection of children such as in article 80 paragraph 3 and paragraph 4.Keywords: Murder, parents, child, Islamic criminal law. Abstrak: Menurut Hukum Pidana Islam, tindak pidana pembunuhan anak oleh orang tuanya adalah tindakan yang dilakukan orang tua terhadap anaknya yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan nyawa atau menghilangkan manfaat dari anggota badan anaknya. Di dalam kertentuan hukum qishâsh, orang tua tidak diqishâsh karena membunuh anaknya, akan tetapi jika tidak mendapatkan hukuman maka akan sering terjadi kejahatan-kejahatan yang dilakukan orang tua terhadap anaknya saat ini dan masa yang akan datang, karena itu orang tua tetap mendapat hukuman berupa ta’zir. Menurut KUHP, pindak pidana pembunuan anak oleh orang tuanya adalah seseorang yang dengan sengaja merampas nyawa orang lain, menghilangkan nyawa orang lain dengan sengaja atau tidak disengaja, maka seseorang tersebut akan diancam dan dijatuhi dengan hukuman pidana sesuai dengan KUHP Bab XIX yaitu kejahatan terhadap nyawa pasal 338 sampai 350 dan dapat juga dilihat dalam UU No.23 tahun 2003 tentang perlindungan anak seperti pada pasal 80 ayat 3 dan ayat 4.  Kata Kunci: Pembunuhan, orang tua, anak, hukum pidana Islam, KUHP.
Analisis terhadap Larangan Analogi dalam ‎Rancangan Undang-Undang Kitab Undang-Undang ‎Hukum Pidana
Authors: Yasin Ikhsan Fatah
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the analysis of the prohibition of analogy in the Draft Bill. The majority of the experts of jurisprudence against analogy. The author does not agree with the ban on using the analogy in the Draft Bill, but justifies the analogy with the record, the judge must be competent and with integrity. If the judge is unable to make analogy, then he could use self-interpretation to find a legal decition. The argument of usage of analogy is to seek substantial justice for the people without setting aside the individual’s rights, because by using the analogy, the rule of law will remain unfulfilled. It is because the crime, in its various forms, is still contrary to morality even though it is not written, and even if the crime has an impact to the public. In Islamic law, the method of qiyâs compiled by Imam Shafi’i in may be used as a good analogy, because qiyâs method has been tested by producing many laws.Keywords: Analogy, draft bill, the criminal code. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang analisis terhadap larangan analogi dalam RUU KUHP. Mayoritas para ahli ilmu hukum menentang analogi. Penulis tidak sepakat dengan larangan menggunakan analogi dalam RUU KUHP, tetapi membenarkan analogi dengan catatan, hakimnya harus kompeten dan berintegritas. Jika hakimnya memang tidak mampu untuk beranalogi, maka ia masih bisa menggunakan interpretasi untuk menemukan hukumnya.   Argumen diperbolehkannya analogi adalah untuk mencari keadilan substansial bagi masyarakat tanpa menyampingkan perlindungan individu, sebab dengan menggunakan analogi kepastian hukum akan tetap terpenuhi. Karena kejahatan, dalam berbagai bentuknya, tetap saja bertentangan dengan kesusilaan meskipun ia tidak tertulis, apalagi jika kejahatan tersebut membawa pengaruh kepada masyarakat luas. Dalam hukum Islam, metode qiyâs yang disusun oleh Imam Syafi’i dalam berijtihad mungkin dapat digunakan sebagai proses analogi yang baik, sebab metode qiyâs ini sudah teruji dengan memproduksi banyak hukum. Kata Kunci: Analogi, Rancangan Perundang-undangan, KUHP.
Analisis Hukum Pidana Islam Tentang Poligami Tanpa Izin Istri
Authors: . Salamul Huda
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article analyses sanction of polygamy without proper procedure, namely permission from the wife(s). Polygamy without consent from wife(s) is an offence to the origin of marriage as stipulated in article 279 of the Penal Code. It states that the offender knows the existence of his partner’s marriage and the existence of legal obstruction against his action. This offence is punishable with maximum of 5 year imprisonment for those who know the existence of such legal obstruction, and with maximum of 7 year imprisonment if he deliberately conceal it. From the perspective of Islamic criminal law, the offence of polygamy without consent of existing wife(s) is considered ta’zîr because it is a jarimah (offence) which is a breach to individual rights. Punishment of ta’zîr depends on the discretion of the regulator.  

Keywords: Islamic criminal law, polygamy, permission from the wife(s).

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang analisis hukum pidana Islam terhadap sanksi poligami tanpa izin istri. Poligami tanpa izin istri merupakan bagian dari kejahatan terhadap asal usul pernikahan sebagaimana tertuang dalam Pasal 279 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana pasal 279 tentang kejahatan asal-usul pernikahan menyebutkan bahwa pelaku yang memenuhi unsur mengadakan perkawinan, mengetahui perkawinan-perkawinannya yang telah ada, mengetahui perkawinan-perkawinan pihak lain, dan adanya penghalang yang sah, diancam pidana penjara 5 tahun bagi yang melakukan pernikahan dengan mengetahui adanya penghalang yang sah dan hukuman penjara 7 tahun bagi yang melakukan pernikahan menyembunyikan penghalang yang sah. Dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam, melakukan pernikahan tanpa izin istri yang sah merupakan tindak pidana yang mengakibatkan pelakunya mendapatkan hukuman ta’zîr karena merupakan bagian dari jarimah yang menyinggung hak perorangan (individu). Sanksi ta’zîr yang diberikan dalam pelaku tindak pidana tersebut ialah penjara yang ditentukan oleh penguasa.

Kata Kunci: Hukum pidana Islam, poligami, izin istri.
Tindak Pidana Turut Serta Sebagai Perantara Suap Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Irawan Adeng Septi
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the sanction of criminal act as a bribery mediator under the perspective of Islamic Criminal Law. The criminal act as a bribery mediator is explained in the Penal Code in Article 55 Paragraph (1) ie those who do, who order to do, and who participate in doing the deed. The bribery crime is also described in Article 12 Sub-Article c of Law No. 31 year 1999 jo Law No. 20 year 2001 on the “eradication of corruption cases that punishment for the perpetrator of bribery, gratification, etc., will be imprisoned and/or sanction. Even in the specific provision, if corruption is done by causing harm to the state, such as a national disaster or at a time when the country is in a state of economic crisis, it can be subject to capital punishment. The purposes of applying punishment in positive law are to create certainty, justice, and legal benefit in Indonesia. The Islamic criminal law has made it clear that unlawful acts in bribery (isytirâk fî al jarîmah al-risywah) according to Muslim scholars are haram (unlawful). The punishment for the perpetrators of isytirâk fî al jarîmah al-risywah is ta'zîr.

Keywords: Criminal act, bribery mediator, Islamic criminal law.

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang sanksi tindak pidana turut serta sebagai perantara suap perspektif hukum pidana Islam. Tindak pidana turut serta dijelaskan dalam KUHP dalam pasal 55 ayat (1) yaitu mereka yang melakukan, yang menyuruh melakukan, dan yang turut serta melakukan perbuatan. Adapun tindak pidana suap dijelaskan dalam Pasal 12 huruf c UU Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 jo UU Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi bahwa ancaman hukuman bagi pelakunya, baik itu suap, gratifikasi, dan lain-lain, akan dikenakan hukuman penjara dan/atau denda. Bahkan dalam ketentuan khususnya, apabila korupsi dilakukan dengan mengakibatkan bahaya bagi negara, seperti terjadi bencana nasional atau pada saat negara dalam keadaan krisis ekonomi, maka dapat diancam hukuman mati. Tujuan penerapan hukuman tersebut adalah menciptakan kepastian, keadilan, dan kemanfaatan hukum di Indonesia. Hukum pidana Islam telah menjelaskan bahwa perbuatan melawan hukum dalam turut serta suap (isytirâk fî jarîmah al-risywah) menurut para ulama adalah haram dan hukumannya adalah ta’zîr.

Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana, perantara suap, hukum pidana Islam.
Molecular Diversity Analysis of Two in vitro and Irradiated Potato Varieties Expressed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
Authors: El-FIKI Ayman , ADAM Zakia , MOHAMED Thoria , SOBIEH Shimaa , SALAH Amal
Published: March 2018

Potato buds cvs. ҅Valor’ and ‘Spunta’ were cultured in vitro on MS solid medium with 0.2 mg -1 BAP. The resulting plantlets were irradiated with gamma radiation doses 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy. Irradiated segments were transferred onto fresh MS with BAP and plantlets survival percentage was calculated after eight weeks. Gamma radiation caused the death of 3.8% to 81% in cv. ҅Spunta’ and 2.9% to 83.9% in cv. ҅Valor’. Microtubers produced from irradiated plantlets were decreased with increasing gamma radiation doses, with notable changes in shape, size and numbers. The proline contents in irradiated plantlets were steady increase with gamma radiation doses. The genomic DNA of the two cultivars and ten radiation treatments was amplified with 10 RAPD primers that generated 53 polymorphic bands. The highest number of genetic identity was 0.9672 showed between irradiated plantlets with 20 and 30 Gy in cv. ҅Valor’. However, the highest genetic distance was 0.3995 observed between irradiated plantlets with dose 20 Gy in cv. ҅Valor’ and 30 Gy in cv. ҅Spunta’. The dendrogram generated by cluster analysis distinguished the irradiated plantlets genetically.
Gibberellic Acid Production by Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger Using Submerged Fermentation of Banana Peel
Authors: OMOJASOLA Patricia F. , ADEJORO Damola O.
Published: March 2018

The present study aimed to produce gibberellic acid through fermentation using banana (Musa sapientum) peel waste as substrate. Banana peel, a domestic and industrial waste, constitutes a potential source of cheap fermentable substrate for the production of other value-added products. Fusarium moniliforme ATCC 10052 and Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88 were used as fermenting organisms. The substrate was dried, ground and its proximate composition determined. The powdered substrate was added to a modified CzapekDox broth (a semisynthetic medium), with Carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) as control. The fermentation conditions were: pH 5.5; inoculum size 1% (5 × 105 spores/mL F. moniliforme) (2 × 106 spores/mL A. niger); substrate concentration 2 g; temperature 25 ± 2 oC; fermentation time 7 days. The fermentation was optimized by varying pH, inoculum size, substrate concentration and fermentation time. The extracted GA was subjected to infra-red spectroscopy using FT-IR. The parameters which gave the highest GA yields were thereafter combined in a single fermentation. The results of proximate analysis of banana peel substrate revealed 8.65% moisture, 9.54% protein, 5.40% lipids, 11.45% ash, 22.34% crude fibre, and 42.62% carbohydrate. The GA yields of 13.55 g/L and 12.44 g/L were produced from the banana peel substrate and 3.62 and 2.61 g/L from the CMC control by F. moniliforme and A. niger respectively. Under optimized conditions, F. moniliforme produced 17.48 g/L GA, while A. niger produced 13.50 g/L. Extracted GA was similar to standard GA sample and the present results support the potential use of banana peel for fermentative GA production.
“To turn one idea into more shapes than Proteus”: The copious use of words in Erasmus and Milton
Authors: Kocic-Zambo Larisa
Published: March 2018

The article aims to present a critical application of Richard Waswo’s notion of the “cosmetic” aspect of language in the Renaissance, with a special focus on Erasmus' and Milton's language praxis within a framework of two related issues: Questione della Lingua and Imitatio.
Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC): um estudo descritivo sobre os desperdícios ativos e passivos
Authors: Rodrigues Daniele Silva , Santos Nálbia de Araújo , Faroni Walmer
Published: March 2018

Em 2007, o governo brasileiro implementou o Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC), com o objetivo de incentivar o crescimento econômico do Brasil e investimentos nas áreas de saneamento, habitação, transporte, energia e recursos hídricos. Tal programa, em sua primeira etapa (2007-2010), contribuiu de modo determinante para o aumento da oferta de empregos e da geração de renda no Brasil. No entanto, de acordo com Instituto Trata Brasil, 86% das obras de esgotamento sanitário provenientes do PAC estavam paralisadas, atrasadas ou não iniciadas até dezembro de 2012. Ainda, em 2008 e 2009, por meio da edição especial do Programa de Fiscalização por Sorteios Públicos, a Controladoria Geral da União (CGU) constatou diversas irregularidades em 110 municípios brasileiros contemplados com recursos do PAC. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar as irregularidades constatadas pela CGU, na aplicação dos recursos federais destinados às áreas de saneamento e habitação dos municípios brasileiros por meio da primeira etapa do PAC. A principal fonte de dados da pesquisa foram os relatórios dos auditores da CGU advindos do PAC e dados do Censo 2000, disponibilizados pelo IBGE. Técnicas de análise de conteúdo foram utilizadas para classificar as irregularidades constatadas pela CGU em desperdício ativo (corrupção) e passivo (má gestão) e estatísticas descritivas para analisar o perfil das irregularidades e dos municípios auditados. Observou-se que os desperdícios mais frequentes nos municípios auditados são os classificados como Superfaturamento e Licitação Fraudada (classificados como desperdício ativo) e Má Administração e Licitação Irregular, na modalidade de desperdício passivo.
The Lion and the Breath: Combining Kalaripayattu and Fitzmaurice Voicework Techniques Towards a New Cross-Cultural Methodology for Actor Training
Authors: de Roza Elizabeth , Miller Budi
Published: March 2018

This research looks at the effects of kalaripayattu and Fitzmaurice Voicework techniques as a training methodology for the contemporary actor, redefining the fundamental principles that already exist within the two forms and placing its emphasis on the articulation of the imagination through their combination. Fitzmaurice Voicework was inspired by yoga, shiatsu, and bioenergetic psychotherapy, and its methods include releasing patterns of habitual holding within the viscera causing an autonomic response known as a tremor. Training in Kalaripayattu, an ancient South Indian martial art, is a preparatory tool for the body to develop a kinesthetic awareness: an organic ability to be in the optimal state of readiness. In the process of defining our research findings, we created a systematic methodology that consisted of four stages: 1) Studio training combining Kalaripayattu and Fitzmaurice Voicework; 2) Training with Kalaripayattu masters in Kerala, India; 3) Experimentation and exploration of the two forms of collaborative training; and 4) Analysis and dissemination of findings at a conference of the Voice and Speech Trainers Association London Conference. This systematic approach provided us with the framework to answer our research questions: 1) Can combining techniques from Kalaripayattu and Fitzmaurice Voicework lead to an effective new cross-cultural methodology for professional actor training? 2) What kinds of psychophysical and somatic affect can arise from the combination of these two forms?
Set-theoretical and Combinatorial Instruments for Problem Space Analysis in Adaptive Serious Games
Authors: Nyamsuren Enkhbold , Van der Maas Han L.J. , Maurer Matthias
Published: March 2018

The Computerized Adaptive Practice (CAP) system describes a set of algorithms for assessing player’s expertise and difficulties of in-game problems and for adapting the latter to the former. However, an effective use of CAP requires that in-game problems are designed carefully and refined over time to avoid possible barriers to learning. This study proposes a methodology and three different instruments for analyzing the problem set in CAP-enabled games. The instruments include the Guttman scale, a ranked order, and a Hasse diagram that offer analysis at different levels of granularity and complexity. The methodology proposes to use quantified difficulty measures to infer topology of the problem set. It is well-suited for serious games that emphasize practice and repetitive play. The emphasis is put on the simplicity of use and visualization of the problem space to maximally support teachers and game developers in designing and refining CAP-enabled games. Two case studies demonstrate practical applications of the proposed instruments on empirical data. Future research directions are proposed to address potential drawbacks.
FEN BİLGİSİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ METALLERİN ELEKTRİK İLETKENLİĞİ İLE İLGİLİ ZİHİNSEL MODELLERİ
Authors: GÖRECEK BAYBARS Meryem
Published: March 2018

Elektrik konusu ilkokul 3. sınıftan itibaren tüm sınıfların programlarında yer alan merkezi konulardan biridir. İlkokuldan üniversiteye kadar her kademede karşılaşılan bir kavram olmasına karşın, öğrenciler tarafından anlaşılması da bir o kadar zor bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; birinci sınıfta öğrenim gören fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının “metallerde elektrik iletimi” ile ilgili zihinlerinde nasıl bir modele sahip olduklarını araştırmaktır. Çalışma, betimsel bir çalışma olup özel durum yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği birinci sınıf (66 öğrenci) öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının “metallerde elektrik iletimi” ile ilgili zihinsel modellerini tespit edebilmek amacıyla Kibble (1999) tarafından geliştirilen veri toplama aracı kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin veri toplama aracına vermiş olduğu cevaplar ve yapmış olduğu çizimler incelendiğinde, makro ve mikro düzeyde değerlendirmenin daha uygun olduğu gözlenmiştir. Makro düzeyde öğrencilerde tespit edilen modeller; direnç modeli, akan su modeli (oklarla düz akış) ve enerji modeli iken, mikro düzeyde, artı eksi yük modeli ve elektronların hareketi modeli gözlenmiştir.
Disiplinler Arası Yaklaşımla Değer Öğretiminde Yaratıcı Drama Yönteminin Kullanılması
Authors: ÇELİK Özkan , BULUÇ Bekir
Published: March 2018

Bu araştırmada
disiplinler arası yaklaşımla değer öğretiminde yaratıcı drama yönteminin
kullanılmasının, öğrencilerin “Duygu ve düşüncelere saygı, hoşgörü” ve
“Bilimsellik” değerlerine ilişkin tutumlarına etkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Araştırma, nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin birlikte uygulandığı karma
yöntem (Mixed Method) desenlerinden yakınsayan paralel desen kullanılarak
modellenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2013-2014 eğitim öğretim yılı güz
döneminde Ankara iline bağlı bir merkez ilçe olan Akyurt ilçesinde bulunan bir
devlet okulunda öğrenim görmekte olan ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencileri
oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde öğrencilerin “Duygu ve düşüncelere
saygı, hoşgörü” değerlerine yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla “Duygu ve
Düşüncelere Saygı, Hoşgörü Tutum Ölçeği”, “Bilimsellik” değerine yönelik
tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla “Bilimsellik Tutum Ölçeği”, öğrencilerin sürece
ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla “Görüş Belirleme Formu” araştırmacılar
tarafından geliştirilmiş ve kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel veri
analizlerinde bağımlı gruplar t-testi, bağımsız gruplar t-testi, Mann Whitney U
testi ve Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar testi kullanılmıştır. Nitel verilerin
analizinde ise içerik analizi yaklaşımından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma
sonucunda disiplinler arası yaklaşımla değer öğretiminde yaratıcı drama
yönteminin kullanıldığı deney grubu öğrencilerinin, ele alınan değerlere
yönelik tutum puanlarının yükseldiği tespit edilmiştir. Disiplinler arası
yaklaşımla değer öğretiminde yaratıcı drama yönteminin kullanılmasının
değerlerin kazandırılmasında oldukça etkili olduğu, öğrenme sürecini
somutlaştırdığı, öğrenciler için eğlenceli ve mutlu oldukları bir öğrenme
ortamı oluşturduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Sentiments, Attitudes, and Concerns about Inclusion: Early Years in Teacher Education Programs
Authors: CANSIZ Mustafa , CANSIZ Nurcan
Published: March 2018

In this study, we aimed to examine preservice
teachers' sentiments toward students with special needs, attitudes, and
concerns about inclusive education in terms of a number of demographic
variables. These demographics included major area, grade level, gender,
interaction with disabled people, training for inclusive education,
self-confidence for teaching in inclusive classrooms, and teaching experience
in inclusive classrooms. Main data were collected only from first and
second-year preservice teachers. The result indicated that although some
findings matched those observed
in earlier studies, others did not support the previous research. The possible
reasons were discussed with reference to teacher education programs implemented
in Turkey.
Disability, Access to Food and the UN CRPD: Navigating Discourses of Human Rights in the Netherlands
Authors: Waltz Mitzi , Mol Tanja , Gittins Elinor , Schippers Alice
Published: March 2018

In 2016, the Netherlands ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD), one of the last developed nations to do so. In this article, we explore how equal access to food provides a lens through which barriers to implementing a rights-based approach to disability equality can be examined in countries that are historically resistant to such discourses. Through a literature review, policy research, and interviews with disabled people, representatives of disabled people’s organisations, Dutch legal scholars, food researchers, and foodbanks, we have explored barriers to equal food access in the Netherlands, and current approaches to overcoming social, economic and physical barriers. Our analysis indicates that implementation of the UN CRPD and other relevant international and EU policies continues to be limited in the Netherlands due to narrow interpretations, leading to policies and practices that do not foster equal access to resources and environments. Dutch understandings of disability equality are evolving, but encounter opposition from an entrenched system of separation and resistance to mandating change, including a reluctance to even collect data about inequality. From this basis, we identify knowledge gaps and make recommendations for steps the Netherlands could take to ensure equal access to food.
Achieving Disability Equality: Empowering Disabled People to Take the Lead
Authors: Löve Laufey , Traustadóttir Rannveig , Rice James Gordon
Published: March 2018

Achieving disability equality calls for transformative changes to society’s structures and norms. Recognizing the central role of disabled people and their organizations in this restructuring, and the call of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) for their full inclusion in all legal and policy decisions relating to their rights, this article focuses on how disability groups and organizations regard their ability to effect changes in line with the CRPD. The article draws on qualitative interviews with leaders of disability organizations and activist groups in Iceland in 2016 and 2017. The findings reflect frustration among the leaders with what they perceive to be a lack of sustained progress in the decade since the country signed the CRPD. In their view, this period has been characterized by a lack of meaningful involvement of disabled people in policymaking, and a lack of political will and interest in disability affairs, which has resulted in stagnation. As a result, leaders of disabled people’s organizations have begun to change their strategies and are taking steps to redefine their approaches, and reframe the issues and dialogue with authorities in a more progressive manner, demanding to have more say in the process of change.
Leveraging Employer Practices in Global Regulatory Frameworks to Improve Employment Outcomes for People with Disabilities
Authors: Saleh Matthew C. , Bruyère Susanne M.
Published: March 2018

Work is an important part of life, providing both economic security and a forum to contribute one’s talents and skills to society, thereby anchoring the individual in a social role. However, access to work is not equally available to people with disabilities globally. Regulatory environments that prohibit discrimination and support vocational training and educational opportunities constitute a critical first step toward economic independence. However, they have not proven sufficient in themselves. In this article, we aim to infuse deeper consideration of employer practice and demand-side policy reforms into global policy discussions of the right to work for people with disabilities. We begin by documenting the employment and economic disparities existing for people with disabilities globally, followed by a description of the international, regional, and local regulatory contexts aiming to improve labor market outcomes for people with disabilities. Next, we examine how policies can leverage employer interests to further address inequalities. We discuss employer policies and practices demonstrated in the research to facilitate recruitment, hiring, career development, retention, and meaningful workplace inclusion. The goal of the article is to synthesize existing international literature on employment rights for people with disabilities with the employer perspective.
Inclusions and Exclusions in Rural Tanzanian Primary Schools: Material Barriers, Teacher Agency and Disability Equality
Authors: Miles Susie , Westbrook Jo , Croft Alison
Published: March 2018

This article begins with the assumption that the argument for the inclusion of children with disabilities in mainstream schools, championed by Sustainable Development Goal 4 and Article 24 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, has largely been accepted nationally and internationally by policy makers, and is increasingly being accepted by teachers. In interrogating the complex craft of developing inclusive and equal learning environments for children with disabilities, this article draws upon Kershner’s ‘core aspects of teachers’ knowledge and knowing’, and in particular, ‘the school as a site for the development of teaching expertise and the creation of knowledge’. Data is presented from in-depth interviews following videoed lesson observations with experienced teachers in 15 rural, urban and coastal primary schools in four districts in Tanzania. Findings indicate that the teachers’ practice is moving unevenly towards disability equality, and involves processes of inclusions and exclusions. This involves teacher autonomy, agency and reflective practice in the context of material, attitudinal, structural, pedagogic and curricular barriers. The teachers’ expertise has potential to inform national and international policy developments, and so reduce the evident rhetoric-reality gap. In conclusion, it is argued that inclusive education needs to grapple with disability as a social construct, and lessons are drawn for the further fulfilment of the rights of children with disabilities to equal participation in education.
TRANSLATING FORENSIC SCIENCE IN NORTHERN UGANDA1
Authors: Tuller Hugh
Published: March 2018

Warfare in northern Uganda has killed tens of thousands of Acholi people. Survivors perceive the dead as having agency to negatively affect the living when improperly buried according to Acholi tradition. This ongoing ethnographic research examines if and how improper burials and associated spiritual disturbances are linked to different avenues for reconciliation, memorialization, or reparations and if forensic science could play a role in mitigating the perceptions of spiritual disturbances.
Risks and management of pregnancy in women with epilepsy: a review
Authors: Mahajan Mamta , Pal Anita
Published: March 2018

Women with epilepsy (WWE) face certain challenges during their pregnancy. In the present article an effort has been made to review the information regarding the frequency of seizure in pregnancy, effects of epileptic seizure on fetus, complications during pregnancy and delivery, incidences of fetal congenital malformations and infant development. The article reviews these concerns with special emphasis on management of pregnancy. Recommendations concerning prenatal counselling, anti-epileptic drug management, breast feeding and contraception are also taken up in the later part of the article.
Analysis of clinical profile of women presenting with pyrexia in pregnancy
Authors: Porwal Surabhi , Sharma Amita
Published: March 2018

Background: Pyrexia in pregnancy is major public health problem in India. Pyrexia in pregnancy is associated with resorption of the embryo, foetal deaths and potentially lethal malformations such as central nervous system defects, abdominal-wall defects, and cardiovascular malformations. This study was carried out to analyse clinical profile of women presenting with pyrexia during pregnancy.Methods: After approval by institutional ethical committee the prospective case control study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur (M.P.) from 1st June 2012 to 31st October 2013. Total 100 antenatal women with pyrexia taken as cases and 50 antenatal women without pyrexia taken as control were included and analyzed in this study. In women fulfilling inclusion criteria detailed history was taken and documented in proforma. Required investigations were sent to the department of pathology and virology laboratory of Indian Council of Medical Research, Jabalpur. Results were analyzed statistically by using t test and chi square test.Results: On analysis of clinical symptoms pyrexia, cough, malaise, rash, headache, nausea and vomiting, joint pain, anorexia, breathlessness and burning and frequency of micturition were significantly higher in cases as compare to control. Viral pathogens were responsible for most of the cases of pyrexia in pregnancy.Conclusions: Pyrexia in pregnancy is a high-risk situation, early identification and prompt treatment will reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with pyrexia in pregnancy.
Laparoscopic management of adnexal masses: a hospital-based study
Authors: Bhattacharjee Somen , Sharma Shashi Shankar
Published: March 2018

Background: Laparoscopy is a widely used procedure in gynecological cases both for diagnostic and operative purposes. Laparoscopic surgery has been associated with early recovery, shorter duration of hospital stay and significant patient satisfaction. The present study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopy in the management of adnexal masses. Primary aim of this study is to find out the indications, intraoperative findings and the different interventions contemplated to deal with the adnexal masses.Methods: The study period was of 7 months, from July 2017 to January 2018, in the Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MGM Medical College and M.Y. Hospitals Indore, MP. During this period, 63 patients underwent laparoscopy for various adnexal masses. Cases were critically analyzed and results were presented.Results: Most of the patients were from the age-group 25-30 yrs. Most common indication was ovarian tumor of varied pathology. Most common surgical procedure performed was ovarian cystectomy. The most common histopathological finding was functional ovarian cyst. Only 3.1% of cases needed conversion to laparotomy for the completion of the procedure. Complication rate was minimal.Conclusions: Laparoscopy due to its lesser adverse effects, less postoperative pain, shorter stay in hospital, small erre-admission rates, better panoramic vision is considered more beneficial than laparotomy. Careful patient selection and availability of a experts should be taken into account. The current study is an over view of our experience in favor of laparoscopy in treatment of a large population of women with benign adnexal masses.
Knowledge, attitude and practices about contraception among married reproductive women
Authors: D. Tejaswini , J. C. Spandana , Bai Sunanda
Published: March 2018

Background: Total unmet need for contraception at national level has been 20.5% (DLHS 3, 2007-08).  According to NFHS 4 (2015-16), total unmet need for family planning for Bangalore Urban is 13.3%. This study has been done to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices about contraception among married women in the reproductive age group.Methods: Cross sectional study conducted from 1st March 2017 to 15th April 2017 in Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital, Bangalore.  Married women in age group of 15 to 45 years, antenatal women were included.  Unmarried women, Hysterectomised women were excluded.Results: 72% of the clients had awareness of contraception.  Most common method known is Female sterilization followed by IUCD.  Awareness of emergency contraception was found only in 5.33%.  48% of the clients did not follow any method of contraception.  Most commonly used method is female sterilization.Conclusions: The study shows that we need to use multiple resources to educate people by intensifying IEC activities.  Women should be made aware about their right of protecting their own health and more emphasize should be given on postpartum family planning.