bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Low Voltage Ride Through Capability of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Based Wind Turbine Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Manohar G , Venkateshwarlu S , Jaya Laxmi A
Published: October 2021

Combined impact of environmental issues and policies of utilities has led to generation of clean and sustainable energy. Solar and wind energies are prominent and can provide bulk amount of electrical energy. Vast number of resources and more electrical energy density are attractive features of wind energy. Generation of bulk amount of wind energy especially offshore wind energy is attracting utilities to incline towards wind energy. Variable speed wind energy conversion systems employing Doubly fed induction generators offers several advantages such as maximum power generation and independent control of active and reactive powers. Doubly fed induction generator-based wind energy system became the first choice of power system operators due to its low-cost power electronic convertors. Stringent grid codes adopted by various countries made Low voltage ride through a serious problem for electric utilities as well as DFIG manufacturers. Many researchers tried to address the problem of low voltage ride through. In initial stages, crowbar circuits were used. Later Low voltage ride through was addressed using additional hardware such as STATCOM. Artificial intelligent controllers were used to minimize the effect of ride through. A comprehensive review, of different issues allied with low voltage ride through of doubly fed induction generator-based wind energy conversion system is presented in this article.
Studies on stress-strain behaviour of concrete mixes confined with BFRP rebars
Authors: Ajay Kumar K , Venkat Sai Krishna A , Shrihari S , Srinivasa Reddy V
Published: October 2021

In the present study, the stress-stain behaviour of confined concrete made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer bars (BFRP) were taken up. The stress-strain behaviour was studied for the concrete mixes confined with steel rebars and BFRP rebars. The confinement was given in the form of steel hoops in the cylinders, 3 hoops (0.8%), 4 hoops (1.1%), 5 hoops (1.3%) and 6 hoops (1.6%). The addition of basalt fibres along with confinement of concrete with steel and BFRP hoops enhanced the compressive strength, indicating further confinement effect in the concrete. It is observed that the addition of fibres is helpful in lower confinements only. Beyond 1.1% confinement, the addition of any type of basalt fibres doesn’t show any effect on compressive strengths. From the stress-strain behaviour of all types of concrete mixes, it is concluded that the ultimate load-carrying capacity and strains at peak stresses are more in concrete with BFRP hoops for mixes up to 1.1% confinement. The addition of basalt fibres to concrete has increased the ductility in both confined and unconfined states
Flexural behaviour of basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars
Authors: Hasham Md , Reddy Srinivasa V , Seshagiri Rao M V , Shrihari S
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the flexural behaviour of M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars are studied and compared with slabs made with steel rebars. The optimum percentage of basalt is 0.3% for 50mm length basalt fibres. Due to high particle packing density in concrete made with basalt fibre micro cracks are prevented due to enhanced fatigue and stress dissipation capacity. Addition of basalt fibres to enhances the energy absorbtion capacity or toughness thereby enhancing the resistance to local damage and spalling. Addition of basalt fibres controlled the crack growth and crack width. Load at first crack of M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars is more than M30 grade conventional concrete slabs made with steel rebars because the with addition of basalt and BFRP bars will make either the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) strong or due to bond strength of concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars. The ultimate strength in M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars is more than conventional concrete slabs made with steel rebars. Deflection at the centre of M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars is almost double than the conventional concrete slabs made with steel rebars. Toughness indices evaluated for M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars indicates that basalt fibre and BFRP bars will enhance the energy absorbtion capacity of slabs.
Effect of molarity of sodium hydroxide and molar ratio of alkaline activator solution on the strength development of geopolymer concrete
Authors: Srinivasa Reddy V , Vamsi Krishna Karnati , Seshagiri Rao M V , Shrihari S
Published: October 2021

In the current study, effect of SiO2/Na2O ratio in Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution, Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio and molarity of NaOH on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. A geopolymer mix design is formulated with various mixes are casted with alkali activator solution (AAS) / fly ash (FA) =0.5 and constant fly ash content. The molar ratio of SiO2/Na2O in Na2SiO3solution is altered from 1.50 to 3.00 for different ratios of Na2SiO3/NaOH (2.0, 2.5 and 3.0) and also for various molarities of NaOH (8M,10M,12M,14M,16M and 18M) are studied for their synergic effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. Results highlighted that the 16M NaOH yields high compressive strength when SiO2/Na2O in Na2SiO3solution is around 2.00 to 2.40 and Na2SiO3/NaOH=2.5.
A Review on Synthesis of 2-Dimensional Mn+1X (MXene) materials
Authors: Sahil  , Dahiya Hanny , Thakur Kamal Kishor
Published: October 2021

The sequence of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides has gained a lot of interest since the discovery of Ti3C2. About thirty new MXene compounds have been identified, with eight different MXene synthesis methods. The presence of surface terminations such as hydroxyl, oxygen, fluorine, or chlorine in the materials described thus far indicates strong hydrophilicity as well as metallic conductivity MXenes are becoming increasingly popular due to their diverse chemistry, which has sparked a surge in academic interest. We will study and examine the many methods of fabricating MXenes in this review, which will cover everything from MAX phase etching to exfoliation, as well as the best approach to synthesise them and their most current applications.
ANN Based Current Controller for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Nagendar Kavati , Rama Raju V. Vijaya
Published: October 2021

The use of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) across the world is growing enormously every day. The single-phase bi-directional convertors are presented in this study for HEVs on-board charging(OBC). In HEVs, we use power electronics converters for the converting and inverting operations. Artificial Neural Network(ANN) is presented in this study for simple operation and high optimization approaches. ANN control technique regulates the system's THD and enhances charging system optimization, enables two-way power delivery that is from the grid to vehicle and the vehicle to grid. An ANN based current controller model that achieves fast-dynamic reaction and that improves grid current harmonic characteristics is proposed in this study. The system's THD is reduced by the ANN controller being suggested. The results prove the validity and feasibility of design and control technique of the proposed integrated charging system.
Compensation of active and reactive power in PV- WIND battery system by using ANN technique
Authors: Ashwini A. , Usha Rani V. , Sridevi J.
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes the improvement of PV-WE system's energy usage and the battery energy storage system (BESS). PV, BESS. Surveillance, tension management, frequency control, energy distribution, power quality and artificial intelligence techniques (AI). The aim is to increase the power quality of the grid-connected PV-BESS system. In order to increase energy quality, technology is continually explored and evaluated. The PV-BESS system is built for the microgrid, which offers benefits including continuous supply, efficient load content and effective electricity utilisation. The flow of energy from source to source is controlled by ANN. The development of the MPPT algorithm for validation of the proposed approach is using an artificial neural network (ANN) technique. An extensive research and data finding demonstrates that output is accuracy with the ANN-based MPPT output. This study therefore proposes a new way for assessing the performance at a specific site of the microgrid. The power translation systems are therefore handled in an active and reactive manner taking into consideration their circumstances and limitations.
Monocular Depth Estimation using Transfer learning-An Overview
Authors: Swaraja K. , Akshitha V. , Pranav K. , Vyshnavi B. , Sai Akhil V. , Meenakshi K. , Kora Padmavathi , Valiveti Himabindu , Duggineni Chaitanya
Published: October 2021

Depth estimation is a computer vision technique that is critical for autonomous schemes for sensing their surroundings and predict their own condition. Traditional estimating approaches, such as structure from motion besides stereo vision similarity, rely on feature communications from several views to provide depth information. In the meantime, the depth maps anticipated are scarce. Gathering depth information via monocular depth estimation is an ill-posed issue, according to a substantial corpus of deep learning approaches recently suggested. Estimation of Monocular depth with deep learning has gotten a lot of interest in current years, thanks to the fast expansion of deep neural networks, and numerous strategies have been developed to solve this issue. In this study, we want to give a comprehensive assessment of the methodologies often used in the estimation of monocular depth. The purpose of this study is to look at recent advances in deep learning-based estimation of monocular depth. To begin, we'll go through the various depth estimation techniques and datasets for monocular depth estimation. A complete overview of multiple deep learning methods that use transfer learning Network designs, including several combinations of encoders and decoders, is offered. In addition, multiple deep learning-based monocular depth estimation approaches and models are classified. Finally, the use of transfer learning approaches to monocular depth estimation is illustrated.
Artificial intelligence techniques for fault assessment in laminated composite structure: a review
Authors: Patro Sidharth , Mahapatra Trupti Ranjan , Dash Sushmita , Kishore Murty Vikram
Published: October 2021

There is a continuous quest in the research community for superior and more accurate methodology for fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of diverse composite structure. This is because, these structures suffer from various nonlinear mode of failures while in service those are recognised as delamination, voids, matrix crack etc. Early detection of failures is what the most research mainly aims at. In this regard, the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques has been proved to be a versatile method for damage assessment. The collective inevitable use of composite materials in various high-performance engineering industries requires preliminary testing (detection, location, and quantification) for damage to these materials in order to improve their integrity and order. The present paper aims to bring out a concise review on various methodologies employed for damage/fault detection in composite materials with a special emphasis on supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques. The major observations are outlined with an objective to put forward a broad perspective of the state of art related to laminated composite structural heath monitoring.
Experimental Investigation and Optimization of Material Properties of Brass at Different Temperature Conditions Using Taguchi Technique
Authors: Singh V Dharam , Hussain M Manzoor , Singh Swadesh Kumar
Published: October 2021

The present investigation deals with the optimization of the parameters for better formability behaviour of brass sheet metal under uniaxial isothermal Tensile Test by using Taguchi Design of Experiments (DoE). The standard L9(33) Orthogonal Array was formulated to run the experiments based on Taguchi robust design and accordingly uniaxial isothermal Tensile Test conducted at orientation (00, 450and 900), temperature (300°C, 400°C, and 500 °C), and strain rate (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 s−1). Analysis of S/N ratios for Ultimate tensile strength and % elongation reported the optimum condition as orientation at level 1 (in degrees), temperature at level 1(in degree Celsius), and strain rate at level 3 (s-1) and orientation at level 1 (in degrees), temperature at level 3 (in degree Celsius), and strain rate at level 1 (s-1) respectively. ANOVA analysis reported the Temperature as the most significant parameter and its contribution are about 62.109% and 71.924% for ultimate tensile strength and % elongation respectively.
The key attributes of processing parameters on semi-solid metal casting: An Overview
Authors: Pratap Singh Devendra , Kumar Dwivedi Vijay , Agarwal Mayank
Published: October 2021

Commercialization of the developed technology is a prime factor for any nation and sector to retain its existence in this global economy. Day by day the technological advancement touching new high in various sectors like the automobile and aircraft industries but high design efficiency is achieved only when it is complemented by appropriate material. In the list newer addition is MMCs (Metal Matrix Composites) which are favorable because of their lower cost achieved by cheaper reinforcement, easy processing, and capabilities of mass production. In recent days, the importance of semi-solid casting has been well accepted among various processing routes for aluminum alloys despite many challenges in terms of process parameters like porosity, agglomeration, non-uniform reinforcement particle distribution, low wettability, and engulfment, and this is a main consideration for the present work. Semi-solid casting is considered to be one of the most important and effective manufacturing processes of aluminum alloy for viable mechanical and metallurgical properties in the current perspective of product requirement and competitiveness. A glimpse of the current status is presented, which shows the potential of the process which can be utilized by the industries for several benefits. In a nutshell, it can be found that process has the capability of alteration by the use of different scraps and also have flexibility according to the processing parameters like stirring, pouring temperature, type of reinforcements, etc.
Optimization of Flexural Strength of Recycled Polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) Eco-Composite using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Akinwande Abayomi Abayomi , Adediran Adeolu Adesoji , Balogun Oluwatosin Abiodun , Olorunfemi Bayode Julius , Kumar M. Saravana
Published: October 2021

Recycling and reuse of plastic waste by blending with virgin polymer has been affirmed to be the best way of managing the waste. Equally, agro-waste are best recycled than being burnt off. In the development of stronger and cheaper ecoefficient recycled PET composite for food packaging, this study focused on reinforcement of the blend of 20 wt. % recycled PET (rPET) and 80 wt. % virgin PET (vPET) with snail shell particulate and kenaf fiber via compression moulding process. The process parameters are fiber dosage, particulate dosage, moulding pressure and temperature. Box-Behnken design was engaged in the design of experiment and the samples were produced according to the experimental runs. Result of analysis of variance pinpointed the process factors as significant contributors to the flexural strength response. The model developed was validated to be significant and statistically fit. Interactions between the process variables as revealed by the response surface plots indicated the response was dependent on the interactive pattern between the variables. Response surface optimization showed an optimum flexural strength of 57.16 MPa was attainable at process parameters of 27.27 wt. %, 4.18 wt. %, 3.95 MPa, and 160 ˚C for fiber proportion, particulate proportion, moulding pressure and temperature respectively yielding 34.2 % improvement over the reference 80/20-vPET/rPET matrix. Model validation experiment undergone with the combined parameters and deviation of +0.036 was noted. Since the deviation is insignificant, the model is concluded to be statistically fit for predicting the flexural strength of the developed eco-composite.
Crowd sourced smart EV charging station network using ML
Authors: Spuritha M , Damineni Harshitha , Sonti Shreemayi , Lokesh Kumar Veshala , Veeramalla Siri Chandana , Kokkula Ramprasad , Indira D.
Published: October 2021

Electric vehicle owners face the problem of having limited charging station options. Individual charging stations near households can act as a viable solution to solve this problem. A forecasting model which can effectively predict the power consumption of a charging station will help charging station owners get a clear view of how much energy to produce.With this intent, this paper proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) based charging station network that acts as a platform to provide charging to electric vehicles and a model based on ARIMA whose learners are fitted to the charging station subsets with optimum parameters to increase the overall performance of sales prediction. The proposed model predicted power consumption for 7 charging stations, with average MAPE, RMSE and R2 values of 12.88%, 5.67, and 0.79 respectively.
Power quality enhancement using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
Authors: Kasala Chaitanya , Awaar Vinay Kumar , Jugge Praveen
Published: October 2021

The power quality, which can affect consumers and their utility, is a key concern of modern power system. The sensitive equipment is damaged by voltage harmonics, sag and swell. Therefore, as usage of sensitive equipment has been increasing, power quality is essential for reliable and secure operation of the power system in modern times. The potential distribution flexible AC transmission system (D-FACTS) device, a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), is widely used to address problems with non-standard voltage in the distribution system. It induces voltages to preserve the voltage profile and ensures continuous load voltage. In this paper, the voltage sag and swell is compensated by DVR with an artificial neural network (ANN) controller. For the generation of reference voltage for voltage source converter (VSC) switching, and for the voltage conversion from rotating vectors to stationary frame, synchronous reference frame (SRF) theory is applied. The DVR Control Strategy and its performance is simulated using MATLAB software. It is also shown a detailed comparison of the ANN controller with the conventional Proportional Integral controller (PI), which showed ANN controller’s superior performance with less Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).
Grid-Connected Rectifier Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer To Improve Power Quality By Compensating Voltage Sag And Swell
Authors: Thota Someshwara , Awaar Vinay Kumar , Jugge Praveen , Tara Kalyani S
Published: October 2021

Voltage sag and voltage swell are frequently occurred power quality problems in present power distribution system, which are cause more problems to avoid these problems and maintain constant voltage at sensitive load during sag and swell Dynamic voltage restorer gives solution .we propose self-supported DVR, to minimize the cost by preventing external dc source in DVR, it is controlled by SRF PI control along with an inner current loop to stabilize the system and outer voltage loop to increase the system robustness. The proposed model provides fast voltage restoration for a short and long duration of voltage sags and swells manage wide load current variation for short and long voltage disturbances. In this paper, we present the effectiveness of the proposed method by using MATLAB/simulation results. A laboratory prototype DVR is modelled and we are using CCS studio to interface DSPTMS320F28027F
Role of expansion joint in the study of seismic analysis of a multi-storied building
Authors: Arun Meera , Srinivas T , Krishna PVVSSR
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the study on the multi-storied building with and without expansion joint when it is subjected to seismic forces in both x and y direction are taken into consideration. By maintain same floor area of different plans the expansion joint is provided along the weaker column forces stretch and stiffed the building in order to make more resistant when compared to the plans without expansion joints. The analysis is done using ETABS 2016. The parameters such as shear force and bending moment at the critical column are considered and compared for with expansion joint and without expansion joint. It is concluded that the L shaped building shear force is being decreased from the bottom to top storey of the building when compared to without expansion joint. The effect of expansion joint is shown effectively on U-shaped building in terms of reduction of shear force and bending moment when compared to L-shaped and T-shaped, it is because of providing two expansion joints since there are two critical and weaker columns stretch. When it comes to economy of the structure, the cost of the construction of the structure with expansion joint is relatively high but it can resistant far better in case of seismic forces. The future scope of the study can be the type of filler material to be used such that the reduction of cost and to maintain structure integrity.
Studies on the Permeation Properties of Geopolymer Concrete made with Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber
Authors: Anudeep Pogula , Srinivas T. , Ramana Rao N. V.
Published: October 2021

Different fibers like steel, glass, basalt, coconut, sugarcane fibers are used to improve the tensile strength in the concrete. The sugarcane bagasse fiber (SCBF) is utilized in this paper work. This SCBF is the final extract of the sugar industries which contains the large fibers. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of SCBF on the permeation properties of the geopolymer concrete (GPC) of G40 and compared to its equivalent M40 grade. The specimens of conventional concrete (CC) and conventional concrete with SBF (CCF) are casted and cured in the curing tanks for a period of 28 day, and the GPC and GPCF specimens are casted and oven cured at a temperature of 60OC for a time period of 24 hours and the test are performed after 28 days of ambient curing of the specimens. The permeation test like (Water absorption test, Sorptivity and Water Permeability test) are carried in the paper. Based on the results it is observed that the permeation properties of CCF and GPCF are more resistant when compared to the CC and GPC respectively.
Durability properties of concrete made with polyethylene terepthalate and polypropylene as replacement of fine aggregate
Authors: Raju Suram , Naresh Kumar Varma Vegiraju , Srinivas T.
Published: October 2021

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Polypropylene (PP) is mostly used materials for making items like water bottles, food containers and many other plastic products in all fields of life. Due to the scarcity of natural aggregates for making concrete, it is required to go for alternative material, this type of plastic is one of the materials for replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. An objective of this paper is to study the feasibility of this recycled PET and PP plastic waste to be used as a building material in manufacturing of concrete which is replaced in fine aggregate. Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polypropylene is used in various percentages like 5%, 10%, 15% and also various tests like workability and compressive strength, Sorptivity, water absorption, acid attack and sulphate attack tests are conducted. From the results the PP shows good workability but low compressive strength than PET. From the durability point of view, the concrete made with PET and PP have given better results compared to conventional concrete of M30 grade. In PET and PP concrete, PET resists the acid, sulphate and water over the long period much better than the PP. So, PET can be replaced up to 10% in fine aggregate, whereas PP is allowed up to 5% replacement of fine aggregate.
DSP Based Testing Platform for Characterization of BLDC Motor Performance Using TMS320F28069
Authors: Awaar Vinay Kumar , Simhadri Rajshri , Chityala Venkatesh , Jugge Praveen
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a framework to carry out the BLDC motor characteristics using code composer studio software interfaced with a GUI named InstaSpinBLDC. The three phase BLDC motor is driven with DRV8312 and a control card TMS320F28069 is used to run the sensor InstaSpin BLDC. This proposed work is intended to track the dynamic performance and lower the minimum operating speed with respect to control modes. Four control modes have been modelled in conjunction of three phase inverter for BLDC motor. The simulation includes all realistic values and components of the motor. Three-phase inverter and its control algorithm are modeled and simulated using MATLAB Simulink. Hardware results have been presented along with the simulation results.
Experimental investigation of strength properties of 3D printed ABS composites
Authors: Quader Shurjeel Abdul , Pothula Narendra , Punna Eshwaraiah
Published: October 2021

Owing to the huge demand and dependency of the industry on the lightweight and superior mechanical properties products as well as components, the materials like CF-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene reinforced with carbon fibers) and PC-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene reinforced with polycarbonate) have gained utmost importance in the current scenario. The present research in this paper focuses on finding the mechanical properties, mainly the tensile, compression, and flexural properties of both the above-said materials. FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) is used as the printing technique in this research as it is the most suitable and widely used for the selected materials. After experimentation, a comparison was made between the two materials, and it is found that the PC-ABS material is stronger in compression, tension as well as in flexural at all the parametric settings. The infill percentage was observed to be proportional to the strength of the material as expected. Triangular infill geometry was more strong in compression and flexural whereas grid infill geometry was strong in tension. produced stronger mechanical properties were observed for 0-degree raster angle in all the three criteria compared to the 45 and 90-degree raster angles. When the variation of the strength of the material with the infill geometry was observed, the infill geometry was more sensitive in compression and flexural compared to that in tension. The load vs. displacement curves have been plotted to depict the maximum load and the behavior of the material in the elastic and plastic regions.
Microstructure and mechanical characteristics of an in-situ synthesis of AA7075/TiB2 metal matrix composite
Authors: Das Rahul , Sethi Duryodhan , Saha Roy Barnik
Published: October 2021

In the present study, AA7075/TiB2 aluminium metal matrix composite (AMCs) was prepared by stir casting method using in-situ reactions of inorganic salts KBF4 and K2TiF6. In this process AA7075 alloy is reinforced with different weighted percentages of (5 %wt, 10 %wt, and 15 %wt) Titanium Diboride (TiB2) particles. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) investigation reveals the presence of TiB2 particles without any formation of the intermediate phase. An optical microscope was used to examine the microstructure, which revealed that the TiB2 particles are equally distributed and that grain size reduces as the weighted percentage of reinforcement particles increases. When the weighted percentage of TiB2 reinforcement particles increased, the microhardness and ultimate tensile strength of the AA7075/TiB2 AMCs increased. Furthermore, the ductile mode of failure of the tensile specimen has been observed by fractography analysis.
Design and Analysis of a Remotely Operated Mini Forklift Bot
Authors: Hema Latha K. , Misbahuddin Husaini Syed , Saboor Sohail Syed Abdul , Ahmed Khan Mohd
Published: October 2021

This work is concerned with the design, analysis and programming of a scaled down version of an electric forklift robot. An advantageous consequence of this device is the development of space saving storage units that allow for efficient packing of lighter goods into areas that while not built for human movement, allow ample space for movement of our forkliftt bot. This is especially important in cases where each cubic meter of the storage unit is valuable, for example, refrigerated goods storage units. Each part of the robot was either carefully selected or designed from scratch in the pursuit of maximizing the load bearing capacity to design-weight ratio. As such, structural analysis was conducted for each part using the Ansys Workbench simulation package. Furthermore, motors that were operated using standard electronic circuits were installed to remotely control the traversal of the bot, while cameras and sensors were employed to monitor its surroundings and movements. The next step was to program the logic circuit and link the various components wired to it. Here the main control device used was an Arduino, which is an integrated open-source electronic platform that allows for precision control of the various electronic components in accordance with the operator’s inputs. The hardware used for passing instructions to the Arduino was a common smart phone on which a self-developed android app was installed. Writing a program for this involves careful calibration of the power and position of the driving components and the electric signals they receive.
Assessment of Wear Behavior on Treated AISI 630 Stainless Steel by Salt Bath Nitriding Process under Dry Sliding Conditions
Authors: Raguraman D. , Ramakrishna Reddy B. , Sateesh N. , Nookaraju B. Ch. , Deshini Aravind , Jagtap Mansi , Phanindra Raja Varma G. , Subbiah Ram
Published: October 2021

Grade 630 martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel has a combination of high hardness and strength after suitable heat treatment. The great advantage of this grade is that they are usually supplied in the condition treated with the solution and then aged to achieve a sufficient high strength. Chosen for this research work, AISI 630 stainless steel samples were subjected to salt bath nitriding process. Three samples were chosen in the shape of tapered cylindrical shapes with diameter of 10 mm and length of 40 mm. The specimens were subjected to 60 Minutes, 120 Minutes, 180 Minutes and named as SBN1, SBN2, SBN3 respectively. One untreated specimen is kept aside for the comparison purpose with the treated specimens. After the heat treatment process wear test were conducted by pin on disc wear test machine. Then the hardness test is carried out using the Rockwell hardness test. The microscopic images were taken using Scanning electron microscope. The results were compared and the best wear resistant material is chosen for the required application.
Nonlinear seismic performance of a regular building using base isolation method
Authors: mallela Vishal Yadav , manchalwar Atulkumar
Published: October 2021

Researches in past reviewed for base isolation analysis using response spectrum it is found that the design in ancient time are not sure and safe due to lake of technology and lesser software analysis availabilities. Some countries applied base isolation these days and the building response constructed with base isolation performed better at practical ground. The response of base isolated building is lesser in terms of amplitude and the cost of the building can also be optimized. Many researchers studied for this subject and they concluded that base isolation must be applied in critical seismic zones and the isolators must be used to save lives and properties. It is seen that Indian construction practices are lacking to apply use of base isolation in building design. It is suggested in the end that it must be motivated to study and research base isolation in Indian constrains and conditions.
Improved Performance of an Asynchronous Motor Drive with a New Modified Incremental Conductance based MPPT Controller
Authors: Pravalika Jadav , Pakkiraiah B. , Rekha M.
Published: October 2021

This paper describes the improved performance of an asynchronous motor drive with a new modified Incremental conductance-based MPPT controller. In the last few decades, renewable energy sources are playing a dominant role in electricity generation as non-renewable energy sources are becoming extinguish and are the major cause of global warming. Photovoltaic (PV) energy is the most important energy resource since it is clean, pollution-free, and inexhaustible. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used in photovoltaic systems to maximize the photovoltaic array output power with variable irradiances and variable temperature. The space vector modulation technique is used to reduce ripple content and fluctuation with improving efficiency. The algorithm used in MPPT is the Incremental Conductance method for a solar PV system to determine maximum output power.
Investigations on Mechanical Properties of Carbon and Glass Fiber Composites with Titanium Oxide and Silicon Dioxide Filler
Authors: Muhammad Saleem , Tiyyagura Yashwanth , Kuruva Mallesh , Kumar Porandla Prashanth , Nookaraju B.Ch. , Sateesh N , Subbaiah Ram
Published: October 2021

The utilization of carbon and glass fiber composites is very extensive in the fields of aviation and automobiles. The strength to weight fraction of these composites is immense. Even though, the modern applications require a lot of improvement in strength. The addition of Nano fillers had brought about significant changes in mechanical properties of the composites. The present work aims at finding out the effects on mechanical properties of composites due to the addition of titanium oxide 10% + silicon dioxide 10% hybrid filler. Hand layup process is used for the fabrication of tensile and flexural test specimens which are prepared as per the ASTM standards. The tensile test specimen is D-638 type-iv and the flexural specimen is D-790. Epoxy is used as resin and forms the matrix whereas the carbon and glass fibers act as reinforcement. The comparison is made between the specimens with and without hybrid filler. Two specimens of each type are prepared to have repeatability. The tensile and flexural tests are carried on universal testing machine (UTE-10) and results were obtained. The results showed a significant improvement in tensile and flexural strengths of carbon composites and only flexural strength in glass fibers with hybrid filler.
Evaluation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Aluminium-7475 Reinforced with Graphite and Fly ash
Authors: Sunil Kumar Reddy K , Kannan M , Karthikeyan R
Published: October 2021

The aluminium is used for variety of reasons and they are known for their improved strength, stiffness, wear resistance which are useful in the marine, space, transport, automobile related industries. When aluminium reinforced with ceramic materials like fly ash, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, fired bricks then a composite of better plastic forming capability, excellent heat and wear resistance will be formed. The objective of the experiment is to assess the thermal and mechanical properties of the Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites (AMMCs) when reinforced with ceramics. Aluminium (Al-7475) based metal matrix composites reinforced with varying weight percentage of Graphite(Gr) (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%) and fly ash being constant (10wt%) by the stir casting process. The composites tensile strength and hardness improved with the amount of graphite content improved in weight percentage up to 9% then decreased. While the composite’s Thermal Conductivity(TC) and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion(CTE) varying temperature range from 50°Cto 300°C reduces with increase in weight percentage of the graphite content.
Performance Evaluation of Cloud Database Security Algorithms
Authors: Banothu Srinu , Govardhan A , Madhavi Karnam
Published: October 2021

Cloud computing is a group of servers providing the on demand computing services to the users on rental basis. One of the services providing by the cloud is Data Storage as a Service. In Data Storage as a Service user will outsource their sensitive data to cloud storage environment, where the users data will be stored and whenever user needs data, they will access from the cloud storage from anywhere and anytime using any device connected to the internet. One of the critical issues in this is data security. When user outsources their sensitive data to cloud vendor, the cloud vendor may leak the user’s sensitive data to third persons because vendor is not a trusted party. To overcome these problems there are many authors suggested different security algorithms. In this research we studied and evaluating the performances of those security algorithms and proposing a better solution, which provides best security to data stored in cloud databases.
Comparison Of Mechanical Properties of Aerated Concrete with And Without Steel Fibres
Authors: Satyanarayana G.V.V. , Ranjith A.
Published: October 2021

Present scenario of construction industry is facing problems of organizations of by-product materials like disposal and ground water contamination etc. that are producing naturally in the process of converting one form to other. Scientific experts are trying to create new building materials from these by-product materials that will fit in current situations to avoid damage to society and environment. The addition of these by-product materials to make new building materials makes the environment stable and also produces the durable building products. Aerated concrete is one which uses some of these by-products like fly ash, GGBS etc. and reduces the use of natural sand and cement with enhanced mechanical properties like compressive and tensile strength. As aerated is concrete is poor in flexural strength to improve this property steel fibres are used in proportion This paper mainly focuses on the mechanical properties of aerated concrete like compressive, tensile and pull-out strength with and without addition of steel fibres. After addition of fibres mechanical properties are enhanced up to certain extant.
Experimental Studies on Compressive Strength of Aerated Concrete with Varying Percentage of Aluminium Powder
Authors: Satyanarayana G.V.V. , Ranjith A.
Published: October 2021

Today the disposal of various by-product materials is a concern against the environment, these are producing due to rapid industrial growth in our country. Most of the researchers are focused on the utilization of these by-products in the civil engineering construction industry. By using these by-products, on one hand, will protect the environment and other hands the disposal problem will be solved. Day by day the requirement of building materials increased due to urbanization, due to this more raw materials are required and depleted the natural resources. In this contest, environmental protection is need to protect incremental temperature in nature. To avoid these problems of the modern era, aggregation of these by-products can be used as one of building material and to overcome this situation, Aerated concrete is one of the solutions by reducing the raw material quantity in concrete like sand and cement by introducing air without compromising in the volume. Day to day aerated concrete has become popular due to lightweight and high insulation against temperature and sound. This concrete is using in high raised buildings to reduce the self-weight of building to protect during earthquake situations. In this experimental study mainly performed the compressive strength of aerated concrete with replacement of sand by quarry dust. Also reducing the cement content with replacement of fly ash, GGBS and lime powder at various percentages that is ranging. the performance of aerated concrete was observed more satisfactory when compared with and without replacement of above-saided materials.
Microstructure and Some Characteristics of Copper-Graphene Nanocomposites Synthesized by Powder Technology
Authors: Hadi Ali Aqeel , Talib Mohammed Mohsin
Published: October 2021

In recent years, nano-scale graphene (Gn) has generated a lot of interest owing to its remarkable characteristics, which made it a material of choice for reinforcing different kinds of materials for a broad range of engineering applications. In this study, a serious attempt has been paid to develop copper-graphene (Cu/Gn) nanocomposites by powder technology process using different concentrations of Gn. Also, microstructure, thermal, micro-hardness and wear properties have been studied.
A brief review on mechanical properties of Al-MMCs fabricated by stir casting route & applications
Authors: Thakur Abhishek , Joshi Ravinder Singh , Singh Arshpreet
Published: October 2021

Aluminium metal matrix composites are pretty much important in the different demanding sectors such as in the field of medicine and engineering like automobiles, aerospace, defence, dental and consumer goods. The need arises due to its huge calibre in industrial need of good materials with lighter weight, excellent properties and economical in cost demanded the researchers or scientists research on composite materials. The AMMCs or Al-MMCs consists of an apex variety of mechanical properties which is directly proportional to the chemical composition of the Aluminium matrix. To enhance strength the reinforcement plays a key role in AMMCs could be in the form of continuous/ discontinuous fibres, whiskers & particulate as the second phase depending on their applications and property requirements. In addition to it, various strength enhancers are reinforcements such as fly ash, TiC, SiC, Al2O3, TiO2, B4C etc. This paper attempts to review the different combinations in the processing of aluminium metal matrix composites along with their properties and their applications.
Global existence of weak solutions to unsaturated poroelasticity
Authors: Both Jakub Wiktor , Pop Iuliu Sorin , Yotov Ivan
Published: October 2021

We study unsaturated poroelasticity,i.e., coupled hydro-mechanical processes in variably saturated porous media, here modeled by a non-linear extension of Biot’s well-known quasi-static consolidation model. The coupled elliptic-parabolic system of partial differential equations is a simplified version of the general model for multi-phase flow in deformable porous media, obtained under similar assumptions as usually considered for Richards’ equation. In this work, existence of weak solutions is established in several steps involving a numerical approximation of the problem using a physically-motivated regularization and a finite element/finite volume discretization. Eventually, solvability of the original problem is proved by a combination of the Rothe and Galerkin methods, and further compactness arguments. This approach in particular provides the convergence of the numerical discretization to a regularized model for unsaturated poroelasticity. The final existence result holds under non-degeneracy conditions and natural continuity properties for the constitutive relations. The assumptions are demonstrated to be reasonable in view of geotechnical applications.
Convergence of the uniaxial PML method for time-domain electromagnetic scattering problems
Authors: Wei Changkun , Yang Jiaqing , Zhang Bo
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we propose and study the uniaxial perfectly matched layer (PML) method for three-dimensional time-domain electromagnetic scattering problems, which has a great advantage over the spherical one in dealing with problems involving anisotropic scatterers. The truncated uniaxial PML problem is proved to be well-posed and stable, based on the Laplace transform technique and the energy method. Moreover, the L2-norm and L∞-norm error estimates in time are given between the solutions of the original scattering problem and the truncated PML problem, leading to the exponential convergence of the time-domain uniaxial PML method in terms of the thickness and absorbing parameters of the PML layer. The proof depends on the error analysis between the EtM operators for the original scattering problem and the truncated PML problem, which is different from our previous work (Wei et al. [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 58 (2020) 1918–1940]).
Radioembolization of Secondary Hepatic Malignancies
Authors: Manchec Barbara , Kokabi Nima , Narayanan Govindarajan , Niekamp Andrew , Peña Constantino , Powell Alex , Schiro Brian , Gandhi Ripal
Published: October 2021

Cancer has become the leading cause of mortality in America, and the majority of patients eventually develop hepatic metastasis. As liver metastases are frequently unresectable, the value of liver-directed therapies, such as transarterial radioembolization (TARE), has become increasingly recognized as an integral component of patient management. Outcomes after radioembolization of hepatic malignancies vary not only by location of primary malignancy but also by tumor histopathology. This article reviews the outcomes of TARE for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors, as well as special considerations when treating metastatic disease with TARE.
Standard Radiation Dosimetry Models: What Interventional Radiologists Need to Know
Authors: Webster Linzi Arndt , Villalobos Alexander , Majdalany Bill S. , Bercu Zachary L. , Gandhi Ripal T. , Kokabi Nima
Published: October 2021

Thoughtful and accurate dosimetry is critical to obtain the safest and most efficacious yttrium-90 (Y90) radioembolization of primary and secondary liver cancers. Three dosimetry models are currently used in clinical practice, namely, body surface area model, medical internal radiation dose model, and the partition model. The objective of this review is to briefly outline the history behind Y90 dosimetry and the difference between the aforementioned models. When applying these three models to a single case, the differences between them are further demonstrated. Each dosimetry model in clinical practice has its own benefits and limitations. Therefore, it is incumbent upon practicing interventional radiologists to be aware of these differences to optimize treatment outcomes for their patients.
Neurologic Complications in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Holroyd Kathryn B. , Rubin Daniel B. , Vaitkevicius Henrikas
Published: October 2021

Neurologic symptoms are commonly seen in patients with cancer and can be among the most challenging to diagnose and manage. It is often difficult to determine if new neurologic symptoms are secondary to direct effects of a malignant lesion, systemic complications of disease, paraneoplastic disorders, or side effects of cancer treatment itself. However, early diagnosis and treatment of each of these conditions can improve patients' quality of life and long-term functional outcomes. In this review, we describe a systematic approach to the diagnosis of new neurologic symptoms in patients with known malignancy. We have categorized the neurologic complications of cancer through a mechanistic approach, with an emphasis on ascertaining underlying pathophysiology to guide treatment choice. This review focuses on the acute neurologic complications of cancer that require hospital admission.