bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industrial Patterns of Herding Beyond the Geographical Boundaries: An Empirical Investigation of Emerging Countries
Authors: Faraz Chaudry Anam , ur Rehman Ajid , Hasnain Muhammad
Published: October 2020

This study investigates the industrial pattern of “herding” in emerging countries including Pakistan, Philippine and Thailand. The uniqueness of the study is the utilization of a rich database from the three above mentioned countries with appropriate industrial classification. Return dispersion model including CSAD, CSSD linear model, non-linear regression and the bullish and bearish effects were applied on the daily returns of 262 companies from 6 sectors over a period of 2009 to 2016. The main findings of the study reveal that there are no signs of herding detected in the linear CSSD except in the energy sector of Pakistan. Moreover, in the linear CSAD model the only sign of herding was observed within the energy sector of Pakistani Stocks. The regression analysis revealed the presence of herding behavior in all 6 sectors of emerging countries except information technology sector. The study also provides evidence on the presence of herding behavior across bullish and bearish market conditions.
The effects of leaf litter chemistry and anatomical traits on the litter decomposition rate of Quercus frainetto Ten. and Quercus cerris L. in situ
Authors: Pavlovic Pavle , Kostic Olga , Jaric Snezana , Gajic Gordana , Pavlovic Dragana , Pavlovic Marija , Mitrovic Miroslava
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the results of a one-year decomposition experiment on Quercus frainetto Ten. and Quercus cerris L. leaf litter in natural conditions. The decomposition rate constant was 0.831 yr?1 (Q. frainetto) and 0.458 yr?1 (Q. cerris). For the initial chemical composition of the oaks? litter, differences were not found in concentrations of lignin and fats, waxes and oil fractions, but were found for water-soluble matter, hemicellulose and cellulose. Later decomposition stages indicated that lignin and fats, waxes and oil fractions influenced differences in both oaks? litter decay rates. Anatomical analysis revealed differences between the oaks in leaf mesophyll and epidermis but not in the entire leaf and lower epidermis. Results after 12 months of the experiment revealed that 48.04% of the entire leaf, 53.30% of mesophyll, 32.93% of lignified upper and 47.67% of lower epidermis in Q. frainetto, and 28.70% of the entire leaf, 31.60% of mesophyll, 25.17% of lignified upper and 20.93% of lower epidermis in Q. cerris were decomposed. Reduction in leaf thickness mainly was caused by the reduction of mesophyll parenchyma, composed of easily degradable plant materials. Leaf tissues with the most recalcitrant plant materials were lignified upper epidermis, covered by a thick cuticle composed of fats and waxes, and xylem within the leaf veins.
Rotational Hypersurfaces in Euclidean 4-Space with Density
Authors: ALTIN Mustafa
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the Euclidean 4-space with a positive density function e^(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2 ) is studied. Firstly, the weighted mean and weighted Gaussian curvature functions of a rotational hypersurface in 4-dimensional Euclidean space with density are obtained. The rotational hypersurfaces are constructed by solving these obtained functions which are second-order non-linear ordinary differential equations. Besides, the examples of rotational hypersurfaces are given with the aid of the weighted Gaussian and weighted mean curvatures in E^4 with density.
A adoção e o processo adotivo em Portugal
Authors:   Universidade do Algarve, Portugal, Almeida Ana Susana , Nunes Cristina ,   Centro de Investigação em Psicologia – CIP/UAL, Portugal, Fuertes Marina ,   Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal, Giger Jean-Christophe ,   Centro de Investigação em Psicologia – CIP/UAL, Portugal, Mendonça Sandra ,   Associação António Aleixo, Portugal, Silva Lília ,   Agrupamento de Escolas de Grândola, Portugal
Published: October 2020

Um vasto conjunto de especificidades formais relativas ao processo adotivo e às vivências das famílias por adoção é considerado como do domínio dos peritos da adoção. Contudo, a informação relativa ao processo adotivo nos últimos anos começou a ser socialmente divulgada e acessível embora dispersa em parcos documentos formais e legais. O presente artigo tem como objetivos apresentar a conceptualização multidimensional da adoção bem como a experiência formal, social e pessoal do processo adotivo para a comunidade não perita, guiado pelas seguintes questões: Como é o percurso formal da adoção? Como deve decorrer o processo adotivo? Como é vivido pelos futuros pais adotivos? Que aspetos estão envolvidos e são relevantes conhecer? Com este artigo pretende-se contribuir para a reflexão sobre o percurso das famílias por adoção em Portugal.
Pemodelan Robot Kinematik Manipulator menggunakan MATLAB
Authors: Purwoto Bambang Hari
Published: October 2020

Manipulator robot memiliki 4 DOF (Degree of Freedom), semua sambungan bersifat revolute serta dilengkapi dengan pointer di end-effector. Proyek ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinematika maju dan terbalik dari robot manipulator yang didesain dengan menggunakan SolidWorks untuk mendapatkan model 3-D dan menggunakan Sismscape Multibody Link generasi pertama untuk mengekspor CAD agar mendapatkan format file XML dan STL. Kemudian memersekusi file XML dengan Jendela perintah MATLAB untuk memperoleh diagram blok robot di Simulink. Mengembangkan GUI (Graphical User Interfaces) menggunakan Matlab untuk mengendalikan lengan dan menentukan kinematika maju dan terbalik. Pertama, membuat skema robot yang akan digambar dengan semua dimensi yang berlabel. Selanjutnya, tetapkan bingkai koordinat ke diagram robot sesuai dengan algoritme DH (Denavit-Hartenberg) dan kinematika maju lengkap akan dianalisis pada robot menggunakan persamaan Homogeneous Transformation Matrix yang memerlukan notasi. Hasil akhir dari Homogeneous Transformation Matrix akan menghasilkan orientasi dan posisi dari end-effector. Selain itu, analisis kinematika terbalik juga akan dilakukan pada dua titik yang diasumsikan, misalnya, mengangkat dan menempatkan dalam ruang kerja dengan menggunakan simulasi GUI sehingga akan diperoleh nilai sudut dari setiap joint.
Sistem Pengukur Curah Hujan sebagai Deteksi Dini Kekeringan pada Pertanian Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Laksono Satrio Setyo , Nurgiyatna N
Published: October 2020

Hujan merupakan faktor penting dalam segala aspek kehidupan, tidak tentunya kedatangan hujan saat ini sangat berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan industri, terutama pada sektor pertanian. Dalam industri pertanian tinggi rendahnya curah hujan sangat berpengaruh dalam pengelolaan sumber daya dan juga sangat menentukan hasil panen yang akan didapati. Sebagai contoh curah hujan yang terlalu tinggi dapat menyebabkan gagal panen dikarenakan resiko terjadinya banjir yang membuat tanaman padi mati, begitu pula curah hujan yang terlalu sedikit dapat pula menyebabkan gagal panen dikarenakan kurangnya sumber air. Dengan adanya Inernet of Things (IoT) dan Social Media diharapkan dapat membantu para petani dalam mengelola sumber air untuk lahan pertanian mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eskperimental dengan percobaan langsung terhadap hujan. Raspberry pi 3 digunakan sebagai controller, sensor magnetik diterapkan sebagai pengukur curah hujan yang dihubungkan memalui interface GPIO pada raspberry pi 3, dan diteruskan pada API (Application Programming Interface) Telegram berupa bot sebagai sebuah pesan. Tampilan pengontrol berupa sebuah layar chat yang terdapat pada telegram yang dapat digunakan untuk mengirim perintah yang sudah disediakan.
Aplikasi Prediksi Umur Anak Sekolah Dasar berdasarkan Kemampuan Menyusun Kalimat Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Apriliga
Published: October 2020

Umur anak sekolah dasar berkisar antara 6-12 tahun. Setiap anak mempunyai kemampuan berimajinasi yang berbeda dalam membuat kalimat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi umur anak berdasarkan kalimat yang telah dibuat dari sebuah kata. Untuk mendapatkan kalimat, peneliti harus membuat website survei yang nantinya akan digunakan sebagai tempat menginputkan kalimat dari kata yang telah disediakan oleh sistem. Survei tersebut mendapatkan 1000 kalimat yang berbeda dari 100 anak usia sekolah dasar. Seribu kalimat tersebut kemudian dikelompokkan berdasarkan umur anak yang menyusun dan selanjutnya dihitung korelasi antara jumlah kata pada kalimat dengan umur anak. Menurut perhitungan, korelasi antara umur anak dan rata-rata jumlah kata pada kalimat adalah 0,885. Angka korelasi sebesar 0,885 bermakna bahwa terdapat keterkaitan yang sangat kuat antara umur dan jumlah kata yang digunakan dalam menyusun kalimat. Untuk memprediksi umur dapat digunakan rumus: y = 0.666x - 1.707 R² = 0.783 rumus diperoleh dari Microsoft Excel.
Workforce and its Impact on the Development of Geospatial Technologies to Support the Delivery Management of Urban Infrastructure: Current Status and Future Needs- A Case Study of Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Riyadh Municipality, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alqarni Mohammed
Published: October 2020

Geospatial technologies have created new opportunities for handling spatial information and are becoming more frequently used in many fields. As with other information and communication technologies, receiving growing attention in many disciplines where exerted efforts have been made to take full advantage of their rapid developments. Today, geospatial tools are employed in various fields related to urban management and planning, where they have become important tools in improving decision making. This, in turn, has led to a substantial demand for a qualified workforce able to harness the potential of these technologies. This study focuses on geospatial technology workforces working in the agencies responsible for service delivery in residential neighbourhoods in the city of Riyadh. The Delphi technique was used to understand the needs of the workforce and to highlight the aspects that can support users of these technologies to improve related activities. The study found that there is a shortage of qualified professionals who can bring about the desired outcomes regarding the potential offered by the use of these technologies. Issues of awareness, capacity-building and retention of qualified employees, along with lack of incentives, pose similar problems preventing the development of relevant activities. The results provide a number of strategies that may contribute to positive changes that can be implemented to overcome the challenges.
Referoinnin keinoista ja funktioista populaarissa tietokirjallisuudessa
Authors: Vitikka Elina
Published: October 2020

Arvioitu teos:

Olga A. Pilkington: Presented discourse in popular science. Professional voices in books for lay audiences. Studies in Pragmatics 17. Leiden: Brill 2018. 190 s. isbn 978-90-04-36596-4. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004365971.
The Future of Higher Education: The Effects of Covid-19 on Teaching, Research and Internationalization
Authors: Çalıkoğlu Alper , Gümüş Sedat
Published: October 2020

Covid-19, which emerged in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019 and has turned into a pandemic in a short time, has brought many social problems. It is clear that it will also have some short and long term effects in the field of higher education. Based on the recent publications, the current study aims to discuss what these effects will be in different dimensions of higher education. However, due to the difficulties of covering so many different pandemic-related developments within a single study, the current study focuses more on the effects of the Covid-19 process on teaching, research and internationalization in higher education. Based on the recent discussions on these focal themes, recommendations are made specifically for the Turkish higher education system.
Volunteer firefighters: A qualitative exploration of critical incidents and applied coping skills
Authors:   , Lentz Timothy
Published: October 2020

Volunteer firefighters have limited up-to-date training and awareness in applied coping skills and trauma informed practice (TIP). Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) has been a standard of practice within emergency services — including fire rescue services — for decades in Northern British Columbia. With new developments in TIP, I suggest we can further improve volunteer firefighters’ wellness by exploring specific coping strategies. The purpose of this endeavour was to interview volunteer firefighters, explore their experiences, and better understand their coping styles and approaches to managing stress related to the work. In the exploration of critical incident coping skills, a qualitative methodology and thematic analysis was applied. This study adds to the current literature on work-related coping, and hopefully increases awareness of best practices for psychological safety and wellness of volunteer firefighters in Northern British Columbia.
minas traen quilombo
Authors: Winokur Julia Lucía
Published: October 2020

Este artículo analiza los discursos en circulación en torno a la creciente presencia de las mujeres en la escena del tango porteño en los últimos diez años, utilizando como fuente materiales de distinta índole: entrevistas, artículos periodísticos y entradas en redes sociales. El discurso identitario tradicional del tango, relacionado fuertemente a la exaltación de la masculinidad, entró en tensión, de un tiempo a esta parte, con el incremento del número de mujeres músicas que comenzaron a poblar la escena del tango y diversificar sus roles, en paralelo con el avance de los feminismos hacia adentro y hacia afuera de esta escena. Así, observamos en los discursos analizados una modificación en los límites de lo decible (lo que puede y lo que no puede ya decirse), y al mismo tiempo una convivencia, en permanente conflicto, de discursos que van en direcciones contrarias
La deshistorización de la historia
Authors: Genoud Gelly , Torres Margarita Eva
Published: October 2020

Este informe analiza las políticas educativas implementadas durante el gobierno de María Eugenia Vidal en la Provincia de Buenos Aires y el impacto y resistencias que generaron hacia el interior del colectivo docente. El abordaje pretende además dar cuenta del cambio en el sentido del derecho a la educación que pusieron en escena esas normativas, así como también de sus repercusiones en las condiciones laborales de los profesionales.
Medición de relaciones entre organizaciones y públicos: un caso de análisis en la investigación pública universitaria
Authors: Mena-Young Margoth
Published: October 2020

Este artículo comparte el proceso implementado para medir la calidad de la relación entre la Vicerrectoría de Investigación de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) y su personal investigador en el año 2018-2019. El objetivo incluyó diseñar un instrumento de medición adecuado a esta relación particular desde el campo de las Relaciones Públicas, cuyo uso periódico brinde insumos para el mejoramiento de los esfuerzos en comunicación institucional y la toma de decisiones. Se implementaron revisiones documentales, observaciones y entrevistas orientadas para obtener el contexto de las interacciones; y se recopiló la opinión de personas investigadoras sobre su satisfacción con la relación. La primera fase mostró que en la Vicerrectoría se da mayor énfasis a los procesos de promoción, creación, evaluación e inscripción de proyectos; pero les es difícil visibilizar elementos como la promesa institucional, imparcialidad, credibilidad, o atención de conflictos, entre otros. La segunda fase concluyó que 47% de las personas investigadoras encuestadas no están satisfechas con la relación con la dependencia, mientras un 28% sí lo están; que el 22% no sabe con qué frecuencia la Vicerrectoría realiza sus acciones; y que el 30% cree que nunca o pocas veces la dependencia actúa sobre los ítems evaluados.
El último lector literario: Ricardo Piglia
Authors: Argüello Guzmán Luis Alfonso
Published: October 2020

Este artículo presenta un análisis del concepto de lector literario a partir del estudio de la obra literaria crítica de Ricardo Piglia. El artículo contiene tres partes: la primera parte se centra en la figura de Piglia como lector literario y su papel principal en la formación de un escritor que aprende a escribir. La segunda parte corresponde a una indagación sobre la manera en que Piglia ha construido un proceso de reflexión oral y escrita en su labor de crítico literario. La tercera parte aborda la lectura literaria estratégica, de ficcionalización poética y técnica.
Aproximación a la temática de la fantasía: confluencia temática del espacio y la familia en los cuentos infanto-juveniles de Luis Carlos Suárez
Authors: Cespedes Ginarte Lohema , Pompa Chávez Yanel
Published: October 2020

Al ser la narrativa un espacio en el que se conjugan escritor y lector es una vía factible para el estudio en las ciencias sociales. “Aproximación a la temática de la fantasía: confluencia temática del espacio y la familia en los cuentos infanto-juveniles de Luis Carlos Suárez” constituye  un acercamiento a las letras cubanas y de suerte a los procesos comunicacionales en y entre los infantes. Para esta ocasión, se caracteriza el panorama de la creación literaria infantil y juvenil en Cuba, y sus tendencias, ofreciendo una valoración crítica y actualizada del fenómeno, un acercamiento al espectro sociocultural en el que se insertan el autor y su obra. Posteriormente, se aplica todo el aparato conceptual a los textos objeto de análisis y se reconocen la fantasía, la realidad y el espacio como aristas confluyentes dentro de la familia para determinar que estas se expresan desde una perspectiva estética y social identificadas con las tendencias contemporáneas del género representativas de las problemáticas sociales de la etapa.
Imágenes de la realidad y la ficción; lecturas ficcionales de la comunicación visual
Authors: González Ponce Citlalli
Published: October 2020

El articulo presenta un análisis de las imágenes fotográficas que han circulado durante los primeros meses de 2020, principalmente, en la web sobre a la pandemia COVID-19, a través de las cuáles hemos aprendido un discurso visual sobre este suceso histórico pues nos han mostrado enunciados visuales que articulan cómo se ve esta nueva realidad mundial.
Pandemia, jóvenes y precarización laboral
Authors: Cruz Tolosa Dylan Braian
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo se ofrecen aproximaciones a las condiciones contractuales, materiales y subjetivas que atraviesan el cotidiano de les jóvenes en el marco de sus jornadas laborales en las plataformas digitales en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina. En este sentido, se abordan los procesos de precarización laboral y se identifican los impactos y las consecuencias objetivas y subjetivas en les trabajadores, la conformación de identidades, las potencialidades de la organización colectiva y los desafíos actuales de una actividad que, en el contexto de la Pandemia por COVID-19, fue declarada esencial en todo el mundo.
La Inspección de Enseñanza Secundaria, Normal y Especial: conformación de la burocracia educativa para la regulación de la enseñanza secundaria en la Argentina (1865-1903)
Authors: Iglesias María Asunción
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo propone una caracterización del proceso de conformación de la inspección para la enseñanza secundaria en la Argentina entre 1865 y 1903. Durante este período, se fueron definiendo los rasgos de la inspección como agencia estatal de regulación y control del nivel medio, en el contexto de expansión de la matrícula y el número de establecimientos. Se pondrá el foco en tres aspectos de la enseñanza secundaria: la matriz disciplinar, el principio de libertad de enseñanza y, finalmente, el carácter selectivo en lo atinente a la matrícula de los colegios nacionales.
Diagnóstico del espacio vivido para contribuir a aprendizajes situados
Authors: Lapomarda Liliana
Published: October 2020

El trabajo relata la experiencia de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado con la comunidad educativa  del Bachillerato de Bellas Artes de la UNLP. En esta experiencia se construyó un proceso de mapeo colectivo por curso, donde les estudiantes evidenciaron las dimensiones de la ciudad de La Plata que toman relevancia en su experiencia y diferentes modos de vincularlas a los procesos de aprendizaje que tienen epicentro en la escuela que los nuclea. A su vez, se realizó un acercamiento a las prácticas docentes del departamento de ciencias sociales y las estrategias que estos emplean para construir aprendizajes situados.
Oratoria y expresividad en la virtualidad
Authors: Burgos Melissa
Published: October 2020

Oratoria y expresividad integra una instancia optativa en la formación de los estudiantes de 5to y 6to año del Bachillerato de Bellas Artes.  Este espacio está destinado al estudio del decir y el expresar, posibilitando a los estudiantes a pensarse como comunicadores responsables de lo que llega a un otro. La materia pretende generar un estudio y reconocimiento del cuerpo y las emociones como comunicadores. La experiencia artística se respalda en lo expresivo y comunicativo,  atendiendo a un lugar en el cual no se suele profundizar.  La materia se desarrollo en un contexto de virtualidad no prevista.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge of Breastfeeding and Knowledge and Practice of Personal Hygiene and Sanitation among Antenatal Mothers in a Tertiary Hospital of Kolkata, West Bengal
Authors:   Professor, Department of Community Medicine, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India, Majumdar Kunal Kanti
Published: October 2020

Background: Breastfeeding is beneficial for both the mother and child. Exclusive breastfeeding protects the child from various infections. It reduces the risks of ovarian and breast cancer in the mother. Poor hygienic and sanitary practices during pregnancy may lead to various infective conditions and adverse obstetric outcomes leading to increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To determine the breastfeeding knowledge and knowledge and practice of personal hygiene and sanitation among the antenatal mothers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary hospital in Kolkata. 170 antenatal mothers were selected for the study. Data was collected on breastfeeding knowledge and knowledge and practice of personal hygiene and sanitation. Result: 41.8% of antenatal mothers were between 25-30 years of age. According to 98.2% opined that breastmilk should be fed to the child first after birth. 75.9% of them cleaned their teeth twice daily, 72.4% bathed once in a day. 83.5% of them regularly washed their nipples with soap and water. 99.4% washed their hands before eating and after using the toilet, 75.9% had no idea about the 6 steps of hand washing. 37.7% used domestic filter as their source of drinking water. 7.1% used community toilets and 44.7% knows the usefulness of sanitary toilet. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that most of the mothers had adequate knowledge about the importance of colostrum and exclusive breastfeeding and the correct time of initiating complementary feeding. Knowledge as well as practices of hygiene and sanitation were also found to be satisfactory.
Investigation of a maxillary nerve block technique in healthy New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Peña Taryn , Campoy Luis , de Matos Ricardo
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

To investigate use of a candidate maxillary nerve block in rabbits.

ANIMALS

13 healthy New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

PROCEDURES

In phase 1, the maxillary nerve block procedure was performed in 7 sedated rabbits with 2 volumes (0.25 and 0.5 mL) of a saline (0.9% NaCl)-tissue marker dye solution (1 injection/side by random assignment). Rabbits were euthanized and dissected; numeric scales were used to rate injection accuracy and extent of staining. In phase 2, the nerve block was performed with articaine hydrochloride-epinephrine solution (0.5 mL) on a randomly assigned side in 6 sedated rabbits, with the contralateral side used as a control. Sensory function of the relevant dermatome was tested in triplicate with an algesiometer 0, 30, and 90 minutes after recovery from sedation. Statistical methods were used to compare results between injection volumes (phase 1) and between treated and control sides (phase 2).

RESULTS

In phase 1, dye was in contact with the targeted nerve after 13 of 14 injections. Accuracy and extent of staining did not differ significantly between volumes. In phase 2, algesiometer-applied force tolerance differed significantly between treated and control sides 30 minutes after recovery from sedation (56 to 145 minutes after the nerve block procedure). No adverse effects were detected in either study phase.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The described technique for a maxillary nerve block was accurate and effective for desensitization of the relevant dermatome as assessed by algesiometry in healthy rabbits. Additional studies are needed to assess use of this procedure in rabbits of other breeds and its efficacy for clinical use. (Am J Vet Res 2020;81:843-848)
Accuracy of tidal volume delivery by five different models of large-animal ventilators
Authors: Floriano Dario , Hopster Klaus , Driessen Bernd
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine the accuracy of tidal volume (VT) delivery among 5 different models of large-animal ventilators when tested at various settings for VT delivery, peak inspiratory flow (PIF) rate, and fresh gas flow (FGF) rate.

SAMPLE

4 different models of pneumatically powered ventilators and 1 electrically powered piston-driven ventilator.

PROCEDURES

After a leak flow check, each ventilator was tested 10 times for each experimental setting combination of 5 levels of preset VT, 3 PIF rates, and 4 FGF rates. A thermal mass flow and volume meter was used as the gold-standard method to measure delivered VT. In addition, circuit systems of rubber versus polyvinyl chloride breathing hoses were evaluated with the piston-driven ventilator. Differences between preset and delivered VT (volume error [δVT]) were calculated as a percentage of preset VT, and ANOVA was used to compare results across devices. Pearson correlation coefficient analyses and the coefficient of determination (r2) were used to assess potential associations between the δVT and the preset VT, PIF rate, and FGF rate.

RESULTS

For each combination of experimental settings, ventilators had δVT values that ranged from 1.2% to 22.2%. Mean ± SD δVT was 4.8 ± 2.5% for the piston-driven ventilator, compared with 6.6 ± 3.2%, 10.6 ± 2.9%, 13.8 ± 2.97%, and 15.2 ± 2.6% for the 4 pneumatic ventilators. The δVT increased with higher PIF rates (r2 = 0.69), decreased with higher FGF rates (r2 = 0.62), and decreased with higher preset VT (r2 = 0.58).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that the tested ventilators all had δVT but that the extent of each of δVT varied among ventilators. Close monitoring of delivered VT with external flow and volume meters is warranted, particularly when pneumatic ventilators are used or when very precise VT delivery is required.
Ventilated postmortem computed tomography to evaluate the lungs of dogs with and without focal lung lesions
Authors: Lau Michelle Pui Yan , Yong Foo Timothy Siang , Podadera Juan Manuel , Makara Mariano
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

To identify the optimal ventilation pressure for ventilated postmortem CT assessment of the lungs in cadaveric dogs and compare the optimal ventilation pressures between dogs with and without focal lung lesions.

SAMPLE

12 cadaveric dogs.

PROCEDURES

CT was performed with dogs positioned in sternal recumbency within 30 to 180 minutes after death. After orotracheal intubation, lungs were aerated to ventilation pressures of 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 cm H2O. Lung attenuation measurements were made at 5 predetermined anatomical locations with use of a multi-image analysis graphic user interface tool. Lungs were considered hyperaerated (−1000 to −901 HU), normo-aerated (−900 to −501 HU), poorly aerated (−500 to −101 HU), and nonaerated (−100 to 100 HU) on the basis of lung attenuation values. Optimal ventilation pressure was defined as the pressure at which the percentage of normo-aerated lung was greatest. For analysis, dogs were assigned to one group when focal lung lesions were evident and to another group when lesions were not evident.

RESULTS

Median optimal ventilation pressure was significantly higher for those dogs with lung lesions (35 cm H2O), compared with those without (25 cm H2O).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

A ventilation pressure of 35 cm H2O may be considered for ventilated postmortem CT to determine the presence of focal lung lesions; however, further investigation is required.
Comparison of histomorphometric characteristics of dorsal colon and pelvic flexure biopsy specimens obtained from horses with large colon volvulus that underwent resection
Authors: Gonzalez Liara M. , Baker W. True , Hughes Faith E. , Blikslager Anthony T. , Fogle Callie A.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine the degree of histomorphometric damage in dorsal colon and pelvic flexure biopsy specimens (DCBSs and PFBSs, respectively) obtained from horses with large colon volvulus (LCV) and assess the accuracy of predicting short-term outcome for those horses on the basis of DCBS or PFBS characteristics.

ANIMALS

18 horses with ≥ 360° LCV that underwent large colon resection.

PROCEDURES

During surgery, biopsy specimens from the dorsal colon resection site and the pelvic flexure (when available) were collected from each horse. Interstitial-to-crypt (I:C) ratio (ratio of the lamina propria space occupied by the interstitium to that occupied by crypts), hemorrhage within the lamina propria (mucosal hemorrhage score [MHS] from 0 to 4), and percentage losses of glandular and luminal epithelium were determined in paired biopsy specimens and compared to determine optimal cutoff values for calculating the accuracy of DCBS and PFBS characteristics to predict short-term outcome (survival or nonsurvival after recovery from surgery).

RESULTS

Paired biopsy specimens were obtained from 17 of the 18 horses. The I:C ratio and percentage glandular epithelial loss differed between DCBSs and PFBSs. For DCBSs, an I:C ratio ≥ 0.9 and MHS ≥ 3 each predicted patient nonsurvival with 77.8% accuracy. For PFBSs, an I:C ratio ≥ I and MHS ≥ 3 predicted patient nonsurvival with 70.6% and 82.4% accuracy, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Although different, histomorphometric measurements for either DCBSs or PFBSs could be used to accurately predict short-term outcome for horses with LCV that underwent large colon resection, and arguably PFBSs are easier to collect.
Two Applications of Inter-Criteria Analysis with Belief Functions
Authors: Dezert Jean , Tchamova Albena , Fidanova Stefka , Han Deqiang
Published: October 2020

In this paper we present two applications of a new Belief Function-based Inter-Criteria Analysis (BF-ICrA) approach for the assessment of redundancy of criteria involved in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) problems. This BF-ICrA method allows to simplify the original MCDM problem by suppressing redundant criteria (if any) and thus diminish the complexity of MCDM problem. This approach is appealing for solving large MCDM problems whose solution requires the fusion of many belief functions. We show how this approach can be used in two distinct fields of applications: The GPS surveying problem, and the car selection problem.
Optimal Semi-Competitive Intermediation Networks
Authors: Bădică Amelia , Bădică Costin , Ganzha Maria , Ivanović Mirjana , Paprzycki Marcin
Published: October 2020

In this work we address the problem of optimizing collective profitability in semi-competitive intermediation networks defined as augmented directed acyclic graphs. Network participants are modeled as autonomous agents endowed with private utility functions. We introduce a mathematical optimization model for defining pricing strategies of network participants. We employ welfare economics aiming to maximize the Nash social welfare of the intermediation network. The paper contains mathematical results that theoretically prove the existence of such optimal strategies. We also discuss computational results that we obtained using a nonlinear convex numerical optimization package.
Semantic Classification and Indexing of Open Educational Resources with Word Embeddings and Ontologies
Authors: Koutsomitropoulos Dimitrios A. , Andriopoulos Andreas D. , Likothanassis Spiridon D.
Published: October 2020

The problem of thematic indexing of Open Educational Resources (OERs) is often a time-consuming and costly manual task, relying on expert knowledge. In addition, a lot of online resources may be poorly annotated with arbitrary, ad-hoc keywords instead of standard, controlled vocabularies, a fact that stretches up the search space and hampers interoperability. In this paper, we propose an approach that facilitates curators and instructors to annotate thematically educational content. To achieve this, we combine explicit knowledge graph representations with vector-based learning of formal thesaurus terms. We apply this technique in the domain of biomedical literature and show that it is possible to produce a reasonable set of thematic suggestions which exceed a certain similarity threshold. Our method yields acceptable levels for precision and recall against corpora already indexed by human experts. Ordering of recommendations is significant and this approach can also have satisfactory results for the ranking problem. However, traditional IR metrics may not be adequate due to semantic relations amongst recommended terms being underutilized.
Virtual International Exchange as a High-Impact Learning Tool for More Inclusive, Equitable and Diverse Classrooms
Authors: Siergiejczyk Galina
Published: October 2020

While technology-assisted learning has become commonplace in education, its applications are rarely examined along geopolitical and cultural perspectives that reveal certain shared and vastly distinct localized practices in evolving pedagogy and cultural dynamics. For developing countries such as Uzbekistan, collaborating virtually with a university in the U.S. may represent both a technological and socio-cultural challenge. Conducting a virtual international project, nonetheless, offers a unique chance to experience another culture in real time through its people, exposing reductionist perceptions of other cultures and humanizing that other through community-generated dialogue. Virtual intercultural exchanges advance intercultural communicative competency and constitute an effective format for high-impact learning practices that advance students’ understanding and appreciation of diversity, equity and inclusion in traditional and online classrooms. This surveys student evaluations of a pilot Virtual International Exchange (VIE) completed between U.S. and Uzbek students in 2018, and underpins a theoretical framework for the benefits of concurring cognitive dissonance for the benefit of open, equitable and inclusive pedagogical models.
International Online Graduate Students’ Perceptions of CoI
Authors: Bissessar Charmaine , Black Debra , Boolaky Mehraz
Published: October 2020

With the current issue of student retention and attrition as a major aspect of online education, this interpretivist qualitative case study sought to determine whether online facilitators and online student-to-student relationships affect online graduate students’ ability to complete their modules and achieve student learning objectives and outcomes (LOO). This study encompassed CoI (Community of Inquiry) and surveyed 54 participants who indicated that the three interdependent presences that form part of CoI (cognitive, social, and teaching) were instrumental in helping them to complete their modules and to achieve student learning objectives and outcomes (LOO). Students’ feedback on online facilitators exemplified their cognitive presence in the form of statements linked to triggering events and exploring of ideas. However, there were few statements connected to integration and none linked to resolution. Overall, most of the data collected connected to subsets of teaching and social presences rather than cognitive presence. Additionally, students’ feedback on their peers suggests that social presence that fosters group cohesion is the most critical factor to assist in completion of the modules and achieving student LOO. Open communication was also indicated and, to a lesser degree, personal/affective subsets of social presence were evident. The findings of this study suggest that more research is needed on the components of the three presences and their relationship to students’ ability to complete the module and achieve student LOO.
Fostering Frontline Employees’ Innovative Service Behavior: The Role of Workplace Friendship and Knowledge Sharing Process
Authors: Helmy Irfan , Adawiyah Wiwiek Rabiatul , Setyawati Harini Abrilia
Published: October 2020

Background and purpose: The hospitality industries need to create benevolent work environment and social activities that stimulate frontline service employees (FLEs) innovative behavior. Drawing on social capital theory, this study aims to examine the influence of workplace friendship on promoting FLEs’ innovative service behavior. This study also examines the mediating role of knowledge sharing process (knowledge collecting and knowledge donating) on the relationship between workplace friendship and FLEs’ innovative service behavior.

Design/Methodology/Approach: For data collection, the convenience sampling method is applied to survey 163 frontline employees in 3- and 4-stars tourist hotels located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The present study performed structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) software Smart-PLS v3.0 to test the hypotheses.

Results: The result showed that workplace friendship has significant influence on FLEs’ innovative service behavior. Also, this study empirically found that workplace friendship influence FLEs’ innovative service behavior directly and indirectly trough knowledge collecting. Interestingly, knowledge donating has insignificant effect on FLEs innovative service behavior.

Conclusion: We conclude that workplace friendship could create a favorable work environment that fostering FLEs innovative service behavior trough knowledge sharing process. Therefore, this research adds to the body of knowledge by pointing out the influence of workplace friendship and knowledge sharing process on FLEs innovative service behavior. This present study also provides the human resource practice regarding how to nurturing workplace friendship that stimulates FLEs innovative work behavior.
The CSR Perception of Front-line Employees of Luxury Fashion Businesses
Authors: Macgregor Robert K. , Sroka Włodzimierz , Pelikánová Radka Macgregor
Published: October 2020

Background and Purpose: The sustainability projected into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is pivotal for luxury fashion businesses and they heavily refer to it. However, do their front-line employees follow this trend? To achieve an effective and efficient CSR, the front-line employees have to share the CSR perception advanced by their businesses. The main objective of the study is to discover, critically assess and compare the CSR perception of the front-line employees of the top luxury fashion industry businesses located in Prague, Czech Republic.

Design/Methodology/Approach: An investigative case study of the CSR approach of such employees of all ten top luxury fashion businesses in Prague is performed while using a holistic Meta-Analysis, a manual Delphi method and three rounds of interviews, along with mystery shopping techniques.

Results: The heterogenous conglomerate of data reveals: (i) problematic awareness of these employees, (ii) their ignorance of the legal setting, (iii) an imbalance and preferential focus, along with ignorance of certain CSR categories, (iv) direct and indirect contradictions and (v) a preoccupation with the fur issue.

Conclusions: This alarming inconsistencies and ambiguity have strong implications for both science and practice, they call for more studies, a deeper understanding of causes and a prompt correction in order to make the CSR perception of these important inside stakeholders be in line with expectations.
The Influence by the Elderly on Modernising the Organisation of Tourist Farms
Authors: Zalar Jože , Vukovič Goran , Ovsenik Rok
Published: October 2020

Background and purpose: The demographic structure of the countryside shows that the number of people aged 65 or more is increasing; however, they are still active and motivated for work and help the younger generation. The research aims at studying the influence of the elderly on the organisation of tourist farms; particularly the factors which affect the organisation of operation and modernisation thereof, such as the factors of inheritance, intergenerational organisational relationships and cooperation, the frequency of further training, inclusion of the elderly in tourist farms and the effect of the perceived changes in the organisation of subsidiary tourist activities on farms on the perception of modernisation.

Methodology: A critical review of secondary literature sources has been made and the findings were summarised by applying the synthesis method. Further on, a survey was conducted on tourist farms in all Slovenian cohesion regions in order to collect the data which was then analysed by multiple regression method, applying IBM SPSS software.

Results: Inheritance factors do not affect the perception of the modernisation of tourist farms in a statistically significant way; the same applies for intergenerational relationships for people, aged 51 or more while the influence was established for people under 51. Furthermore, the inclusion of the elderly does not have any influence neither does the frequency of further training while education and trainings themselves are important. It has been found out that the expansion of the offer, followed by the division of work, is the most significant for the perception of modernisation.

Conclusion: Survey results show good relationships among the social actors and possible solutions which can be implemented in order to help the population of the Slovenian countryside concerned.
Intellectual Capital Determinants of Football Clubs in Europe
Authors: Perechuda Igor
Published: October 2020

Introduction.
Existing research on football economics mostly focuses on some key performance indicators’ influence on the profitability of clubs. This assumption is a bit misleading in the context of football business models which deliver various benefits other than profits to its stakeholders. In this research, the opposite question was asked: what can determine the intangible value delivered by a football business? This is asked in light of the fact that most of the value created by the football industry belongs to the category of intellectual capital.

Material and Methods.
The study was based on the financial data of 33 European football clubs. Basic statistical analysis was carried out and regression analysis of chosen drivers influencing intellectual capital of football clubs in Europe was performed.

Results.
Three of the four assumed hypotheses were not confirmed: higher value of intellectual capital is correlated with higher profitability, higher values of IC efficiency (VAIC) are associated with higher levels of player value and values of IC efficiency (VAIC) are significantly associated with levels of sports performance. Just one hypothesis was confirmed that values of IC efficiency (VAIC) are significantly associated with salary efficiency (S/R). Additionally, the study revealed that there are two important factors influencing the value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC): debt and salaries.

Conclusions.
If we assume that VAIC is the goal of the managers, then the only two drivers which are significant for this value are salary ratio and leverage ratio. Moreover, we know that profit orientation of the football business in Europe is not the key goal in order to develop intangible values for the stakeholders.
The Effect of the Covid-19 on the Automotive Supply Chains
Authors: Pató Beáta Sz.G. , Herczeg Márk
Published: October 2020

Securing the high level of performance of the supply chains is a difficult task. The harmonization of different interests, the coordination of the raw material supply and information flow, the cooperation of the partners, forging and maintaining a relationship of trust are challenging even in an ideal world in order to meet the customer demands. The recent outbreak of the COVID-19 presents the members of the supply chains with extreme challenges. Because of the epidemic, the value added activities of the supply chains are getting even more importance. It became clear that the different supply chains connect the whole economy in a global and local scale as well. The choice of the inventory and organizational strategy is a key aspect in a crisis like this. The aim of this study is to present the current challenges and their viable solutions in order to check the possibilities to maintain the operation of the supply chains even in this difficult economic and social period using an automotive case study as an example.
Towards a Common Framework for Mediated Embodiment
Authors: Aymerich-Franch Laura
Published: October 2020

Mediated embodiment (ME) is the technologically generated illusion of substituting a person’s body with an avatar body. Virtual reality is the most representative technology of ME. However, other forms of embodiment are emerging and need to be examined. The inclusion of all ME technologies under a common paradigm would largely facilitate their study. Here, I develop a unified conceptual framework of ME and integrate robot embodiment as part of the phenomenon. I first describe the central component of ME: avatars. I extend the concept of avatar used in virtual reality to other forms of ME. I then outline the minimum conditions necessary to induce the embodiment illusion as well as the technical principles used to create this illusion. Next, I suggest that ME technologies can be regarded as tools that increase human capabilities in four directions: embodiment of a new self, expansion of traveling capabilities, expansion of body capabilities, and the reach of immortality. I connect the principal research conducted in the field to these categories and suggest potential research directions to promote the positive applied uses of ME. I conclude with the importance to also address ethical issues related to this phenomenon.
On the Need for Digital Phenotyping to Obtain Insights into Mental States in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Montag Christian , Dagum Paul , Elhai Jon D.
Published: October 2020

Highlights
Digital phenotyping provides real-time insight into population mental health in a crisis such as COVID-19.
Digital phenotyping empowers policy makers with population level information to help fight a pandemic like COVID-19.
User privacy and informed consent is paramount in building trust with digital phenotyping.
Social Media as Vehicle for Conspiracy Beliefs on COVID-19
Authors: Goreis Andreas , Kothgassner Oswald D.
Published: October 2020

Highlights:

Conspiracy beliefs are spread via social media platforms and may have a negative impact on preventive health measures
Preventive measures against fear and misinformation need to consider the differential effects of different forms of conspiracy theories on behavior
Fostering awareness in society about COVID-19 misinformation in social media is crucial.