bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) on liver metabolome of rotenone-treated rats
Authors:   , Intararuchikul Thidarat
Published: November 2023

Liver plays an important role in the body’s metabolic processes, with many functions including nutrient metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics. Liver diseases cause serious public health problems worldwide. Several studies of hepatoprotective activities from natural plant extracts have been revealed during recent years. The protective effects of Centella asiatica on the liver have been reported. Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) is a medicinal herb that has been commonly used in many countries in Asia. However, the compositions of the main compounds extracted from the herb were varied across geographical regions. Therefore, the standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) contained >80% triterpenoids with a ratio of madecassoside to asiaticoside kept at 1.5(±0.5):1 was developed by the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Previous studies shown therapeutic effects of ECa 233 to various conditions such as memory improvement, anxiolytic and wound healing effect. However, the protective effect of ECa 233 on the liver has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of ECa 233 on liver metabolome of rotenone-induced rats by using GC-MS based metabolomics. Metabolomic analysis was performed to better understand the underlying mechanisms in the liver tissue. Liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in liver were analyzed. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (with six rats/group): control, rotenone and ECa 233 group. Rats in the ECa 233 group received 10 mg/kg of ECa 233 orally for 20 days, followed by 2.5 mg/kg of intraperitoneal rotenone injection to induce toxicity before being sacrificed. Metabolomic analysis showed that supplementation of ECa 233 protected rat liver against rotenone toxicity. Pipecolinic acid appeared to be the most important metabolites; its level was decreased in the rotenone group as compared to the control. Supplementation with ECa 233 before administration of rotenone raised pipecolinic acid to levels intermediate between controls and rotenone alone. Antioxidant tests revealed that ECa 233 inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased catalase activities in liver tissue. The outcomes of this study provide further evidence in support of using Centella asiatica as a value-added component in new dietary supplements or medicines for liver disorders in the future.
Groundwater balance and safe yield of middle Khorat aquifer in the Khwae Hanuman sub-basin, Changwat Prachinburi
Authors:   , Kaewdum Narongsak
Published: November 2023

The lower Khwae Hanuman sub-basin covers about 900 km2 in the Nadi and Kabinburi Districts, Prachinburi province. Recently, people have developed groundwater used for various activities, particularly in agricultural areas and industrial estates. In this area, the demand for groundwater usage tends to be gradually increased and may result in declining of groundwater levels in the future. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the groundwater recharge amount into the middle Khorat aquifer and to assess safe yield in the aquifer. The groundwater recharges potential was estimated by the overlay method for several thematic layers, consisting of lithology, soil, land use, slope, lineaments density and drainage density, and finally multiplied by the annual 30-year rainfall by the ArcGIS software. According to hydrogeological characteristics and field survey, the groundwater aquifers can be divided into two aquifers: the Quaternary sediment (Q) and the Middle Khorat aquifer (Jmk). The groundwater level ranged from -37 to 35 m amsl. and groundwater flow generally orients in the north-south direction. The high recharge potentiality was about 33.9 km2 (2.3% of the area), located in the center of the area. Only 12.8% of the total precipitation infiltrates into the groundwater aquifer. As per the model results, the groundwater balance in Jmk aquifer of dry and rainy seasons in 2015, as well as the consecutive dry season in 2016 are 0.33, 0.32, and 0.38 Mm3/day, respectively. The study area can pump groundwater up to 27,286 m3/d or about 2 times the current pumping rate. Interestingly, when increasing pumping rate from 10 to 200%, drawdowns in the central of the study area around the industrial areas, appeared to be intensively increased in the range of 2.5-4.0 m. The first-hand recharge potential and safe yield information can be used to develop an effective groundwater exploration for agricultural purposes and to estimate suitable pumping rates in order to obtain long-term sustainable groundwater utilization without adversely affecting the environment.
COMPOSITE GEOLOGICAL MATERIALS FOR TREATMENT OF ARSENIC IN GROUNDWATER
Authors:   , Kitbutrawat Paveena
Published: November 2023

Arsenic contamination in groundwater is an important problem in many countries and responsible for many life-threatening diseases such as black fever, cancer, neurological and cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Despite the proposal of several remediation techniques worldwide, it has been challenging to find a cost-effective method to remove arsenic from groundwater in Thailand. This research is thus aimed to study chemical and physical properties of geological materials to create cost-effective adsorbents for arsenic removal. The most effective adsorbent is made of porous siltstone, expanded perlite, and soil sample at the ratio of 66.67 to 16.67 to 16.67, respectively. The adsorbents are tested with arsenic contaminated water at different conditions and suggest that the most suitable condition is to use 10 grams of adsorbents per 50 ml of adsorbate at the pH of 7 with 2 hours of contact time. This experimental condition can remove arsenic up to 41.39%. Experimental results are further used in Freundlich, Dubinin – Radushkevich, and Langmuir equations to understand the adsorption behaviors. The value of 1/n from Freundlich adsorption isotherm is 1.27, indicating that the surface of adsorbent is heterogeneous. The energy of sorption from Dubinin – Radushkevich adsorption isotherm is 3.79 kJ/mol, suggesting the kinetic is physical adsorption. In addition, the maximum capacity of adsorbent from Langmuir adsorption isotherm is 0.45 mg/g. Adsorbents are further tested with natural groundwater from 11 wells in Amphoe Dan Chang, Suphan Buri and Amphoe Ban Rai, Uthai Thani which contain arsenic ranges from 16.13 to 362.3 µg/l and have pH ranges from 6.95 to 7.35. After submerging 10 grams of adsorbents into 50 ml of contaminated groundwater for 2 hours, arsenic can be effectively removed between 20.17% and 75.31%. The variable amount of arsenic removal is likely due to the presence of phosphate, which has a similar structure to arsenite. In addition, the disintegration of adsorbents may release a noticeable amount of magnesium, which in turn inhibits the adsorption of arsenic and decreases the arsenic removal percentage.
Soil amplification assessment of earthquake ground motionusing geophysical and geotechnical data in Amphoe Muang, Changwat Chiang Rai
Authors:   , Jintaprasat Ratchadaporn
Published: November 2023

One of all the natural disasters that cannot accurately predict is Earthquake. There are a lot of histories that show many earthquakes around the world since the past to the present. Each earthquake made many damages, large or small area, relate with the intensity of earthquake and the properties of area such as type of soil, rock and building etc. Like the biggest earthquake is on May 5, 2014 that located in Amphoe Pan, northern part of Thailand. This Earthquake affects economic, society and a life because it is in big city, Amphoe Pan, where is many houses and buildings. Many researches show about the soil respond and sensitive with strong earthquakes. Moreover the property of Amphoe Muang, changwat Chiang Rai area is covered soft soil layers. So soil amplification is one of the most important factors that controlling the damage in areas when was strong earthquakes. This study, soil amplification is analyze forty-six sites  in Amphoe Muang, Changwat Chiang Rai, using geophysical data, shear wave, and  geotechnical data, soil profile, to consider with SHAKE2000 software. The special site is No.34 where has borehole data. The result of study area, the maximum value of amplification is 3.58 g and shear wave velocity of this study is 200 – 562 m/s. Finally, there are accurate soil amplification and average shear wave at 30 depths map of the result.
INTERFACIAL TENSION REDUCTION OF LIGHT OIL WITH SULFONATE-STRUCTURED SURFACTANTS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY APPLICATION
Authors:   , Chuaicham Chitipat
Published: November 2023

Surfactant flooding is an effective technique for enhance oil recovery. The appropriate surfactant is injected into the production well to reduce oil-water interfacial tension. In this study, the interfacial tension of light oil from the northern oilfield with sulfonate-structure surfactant solutions are measured. In addition, the parameters such as pressure, type of surfactant solution, surfactant concentration, temperature, salinity, divalent and co-surfactant on the interfacial tension are investigated. The results show the less effect of pressure on interfacial tension reduction because the experiment performs in the liquid phase. For the effect of type of surfactant solution, the surfactant with the similar equivalent alkane-carbon number (EACN) value of crude oil will demonstrate the higher performance in lowing the interfacial tension compared with the others. Surfactant concentration has an important role in the reduction of interfacial tension accounting to 98.23% because the higher concentration represents to higher in surfactant monomer in solution resulting in lowering interfacial tension. Interfacial tension reduces when the temperature is increased for all surfactant types. Salinity can also reduce the interfacial tension in all range of surfactant concentration. Divalent ions have less impact on Interfacial tension reduction. In addition, co-surfactant can be used to increase the solubility of surfactant in solution. However, the increasing of surfactant concentration shows the negative effect on interfacial tension reduction in this study because the overwhelming amount of surfactant monomer will stimulate the micelle formation resulting reduce the surfactant monomer at the interface. The results can be used as the fundamental data for performing surfactant flooding at the northern oilfield and preliminary data for future studies such as core flooding test and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) simulation.
SURFACTANT SELECTION FOR ENHANCING EMULSION MOBILITY USING INTERFACIAL TENSION MEASUREMENT
Authors:   , Jiravivitpanya Jiramet
Published: November 2023

Emulsion mobility is the crucial characteristic of fluid to increase oil production. In this study, surfactants are considered as chemical agents used in Northern oilfield, Thailand. The important role of surfactant is to reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) of two fluids and to make emulsion flow easier in the reservoir. The aim of this work is to investigate and measure the IFT based on the conditions of subsurface at the oilfield in Thailand. These parameters such as temperature, pressure, salinity, types of surfactant as well as the concentration of surfactant are adjusted to investigate the effects on IFT reduction. The results show that the pressure ranging from 1,000 psi to 2,000 psi at constant temperature has less significant effect on IFT reduction. For the effect of types of surfactant solution, monoethanolamine (MEA) is the best type of surfactant samples which has higher performance to reduce interfacial tension at the same concentration. Because of its amine group, MEA has a strong base that can dissociate in the solution and create more in-situ surfactant to lower IFT. Surfactant concentration is the main parameters that impact on the IFT reduction. It can greatly decrease IFT up to 87.13% for surfactant concentration. Temperature varied from 70C to 90C can insignificantly reduce the IFT. In addition, the increase of salinity can reduce interfacial tension, but it is relatively stable at high salinity. Lastly, the effect of divalent ions has less impact on the interfacial tension. These investigated effects of each parameter will be useful to understand the mechanism of IFT reduction, and they will be used as fundamental data to apply for oil recovery with reservoir conditions.
Combined Water Dumpflood with Water Injection into Oil Reservoir
Authors:   , Hort Kimseng
Published: November 2023

The major advantage of water dumpflood is that there is no cost incurred by water injection. However, water dumpflood generally results in lower oil recovery when compared with conventional waterflooding due to limited amount of water cross-flowing from the aquifer into the reservoir. Conventional waterflooding, on the other hand, requires tremendous amount of water injection from surface that incurs large operating costs. To utilize the benefits of the two methods, the different ways to combine water dumpflood with water injection into oil reservoir were investigated: water dumpflood followed by water injection (schedule 1), simultaneous water dumpflood and injection via different wells (schedule 2), and simultaneous water dumpflood and injection via different wells followed by conversion of dumpflood well to water injection well (schedule 3). A simple reservoir model having the properties of one of the oil fields in Thailand was constructed using ECLIPSE100 reservoir simulator to simulate three production scenarios: conventional waterflooding, water dumpflood, and combined water dumpflood with water injection. Additional parameters which are types of production, injection, and dumping wells (vertical versus horizontal) and liquid production rate were also investigated. The simulation results clearly illustrate the benefits of combined water dumpflood with injection (schedule 1) that it can achieve similar oil recovery with the conventional waterflooding but requires much smaller amount of injected water. A combination of one vertical producer and two vertical dumping/injection wells yields the highest oil recovery for the three production scenarios. High liquid production rate also provides better production performance compared to low liquid production rate.
EVALUATION OF POLYMER ALTERNATING WATERFLOODING IN MULTILAYERED HETEROGENEOUS WATERFLOODED RESERVOIR
Authors:   , Tuncharoen Warut
Published: November 2023

Polymer flooding is widely implemented to improve oil recovery since it can increase sweep efficiency and smoothen reservoir profile. However, polymer solution is somewhat difficult to be injected due to high viscosity thus, water slug is recommended to be injected before and during polymer injection in order to increase an ease of injecting this viscous fluid into the wellbore. Numerical simulation is performed to determine the most appropriate operating parameters to maximize oil recovery. Firstly, pre-flushed water should be injected until water breakthrough since not only it can increase polymer injectivity by flushing the oil around wellbore away, but also it ensures the connectivity between injector and producer. The smallest alternating water slug size which is 5 percent of polymer slug size is sufficient to increase injectivity of polymer slug and should be selected since large water slug setbacks time to inject the following polymer slug; however, slug size of alternating water is dependent on polymer desorption degree; with less degree of polymer desorption, slug size of alternating water should be increased. Concentration sorting does not show any significant benefit due to imbalance between polymer injectivity and displacement efficiency. Number of appropriate alternating water slug depends on polymer concentration; more alternative cycles should be implemented in case of high polymer concentration. In this study, three alternative cycles provide higher oil recovery than single-slug polymer in every polymer concentration. Residual resistance factor (RRF) dominates polymer injectivity when using low polymer concentration; oil production increases as RRF increases. Lastly, multi-slug polymer flooding yields better results compared to single-slug in all range of heterogeneity index when depositional sequence is coarsening upward. Oppositely, fining upward sequence has already obtained the benefit in terms of polymer injectivity from high permeability zone at the bottom of reservoir together with gravitational effects, consequently, multi-slug polymer flooding does not yield benefit over single-slug.
REDUCTION OF SURFACTANT ADSORPTION BY ALKALINE SUBSTANCES IN CARBONATE RESERVOIR
Authors:   , Vathanapanich Yosnun
Published: November 2023

Surfactant flooding is a chemical enhanced oil recovery process in which small amount of surfactant is added to injected water. The technique is performed to reduce interfacial tension between oil and water to ultra-low condition where oil and water phases are linked together as surfactant molecule composes of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. Oil is then liberated in flowing water in a form of emulsion and residual oil saturation can be further reduced to nearly zero in appropriate conditions. However, surfactant loss due to adsorption onto rock surface is one of the major concerns as surfactant compounds are generally expensive chemical. A polar part of surfactant is attracted by opposite charge of rock. This problem weakens the effectiveness of the injected surfactant slug in reducing interfacial tension between oil-water phases and consecutively causes the process to be uneconomical. However, surfactant adsorption can be minimized. From several studies, alkaline substance can be added in surfactant solution. Alkali which provides strong negative charge will function as a sacrificial agent, competing surfactant in adsorption process and reducing the amount of surfactant adsorption. It is also discovered that surfactant is not permanently adsorbed onto rock surface. Desorption may occur, yielding number of active surfactant monomer to increase. From this study, static adsorption and desorption tests show that sodium carbonate(Na2CO3), which is moderately strong base is recommended to co-inject with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate representing surfactant in dolomite sample. Sodium carbonate provides adequately strong charge to compete adsorbing with surfactant onto carbonate surface. At the same time, this base is not too strong to reinforce adsorption of surfactant. It is also found that desorption of surfactant is not a function of adsorbed amount but it is still a function of alkali and surfactant concentrations. Alkali and surfactant concentrations of 0.6% and 0.8% by weight, respectively are discovered to be optimal concentrations. In dynamic adsorption and desorption tests, several parameters related to alkali-surfactant flooding is investigated. The smallest salinity of 10,000 ppm yields the best result as amount of anionic ion is small in the system. The highest injection rate of 0.8 cm3/min, helps preventing adsorption and desorption by reducing retention time between surfactant molecule and rock surface. High temperature of 70oC is more favorable than lower temperature as surfactant is more active and prefers to remain in aqueous phase. Combing the best conditions results in surfactant adsorption of 0.43 mg/g, surfactant desorption of 0.39 mg/g, and surfactant retaining just 0.04 mg/g.
Determination of the suitable condition for producing biogas from the co-digestion of broiler manure and stillage
Authors:   , Trakunphanitkit Chanita
Published: November 2023

Renewable energy has gained more interest in the last two decades as the fossil fuel has been depleted and its use contributes to global warming problem. This research aimed to investigate the method to produce biogas from broiler manure (BM), a waste with bedding material that has been generated in large amounts in Thailand. In The first objective of this work was to examine the optimum condition for pretreating BM using the thermal-alkali pretreatment process. Lime was chosen as an alkali substance. Full factorial design (FFD) was used to design the experiments with three factors, i.e. temperature, lime concentration, and pretreatment duration. According to FFD results, the optimum condition for pretreating BM was at 150°C, 3% w/v Ca(OH)₂ solution, and 1 h pretreatment duration. The highest lignin removal efficiency from BM was 49.9%.

The second objective was to investigate the effects of C/N ratio on efficiency of biogas production by co-digesting BM with stillage. Three different C/N ratios were chosen, i.e. 30, 40, and 50. The highest methane yield (247.73±6.10 mlCH₄/gVS) was achieved from stillage as the sole substrate. The similar methane yields found from the non-pretreated BM (164.39±6.05 mlCH₄/gVS) and the pretreated BM (160.70±0.93 mlCH₄/gVS). Same for the co-digestion at C/N 30, the methane yield obtained from the pretreated BM co-digested with stillage (141.37±6.99 mlCH₄/gVS) was not significantly different from the non-pretreated BM co-digested with stillage (154.53±5.79 mlCH₄/gVS). From the results, it could conclude that the thermal-alkali pretreatment could not achieve to increase the biogas production and the co-digestion between BM and stillage had an antagonistic effect in biogas production. Gomperzt model was found to fit better to the BMP results than the first-order model for all the experiment results. Within the relatively shorter period of time (around 5 or 7 d), Gompertz model could predict more than 95% of the final methane production.
Transforming the infectious septage into biogas by co-digestion process
Authors:   , Hummelink Nanja
Published: November 2023

As population growth rapidly increases, energy consumption becomes higher while natural resources have been continuously reduced. As a result of the population increasing, also the waste is increased. For example, infectious septage (the sludge accumulated in the septic tank and contained of essential nutrients) that is usually mismanaged. To address these problems, the researcher aimed to determine the ratio (v/v) between septage and wastewater generated from Golden Dried Longan production (LW) that provided the maximum methane yield by using of the Modified Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test. Three different waste mixtures (septage+LW) with the COD:TKN ratios of 100:1.1, 100:2.5, and 100:5 are tested. The experimental results presented that the ultimate specific methane yield of the COD:TKN ratio of 100:5 rendered the highest value (143 mlCH4/gVSadded). The Temperature-phased Anaerobic Digestion (TPAD) system was then tested for co-digesting waste mixture to produce biogas and organic fertilizer. The TPAD system was consisted of a 30 L-thermophilic (55˚C) and a 10 L-mesophilic (35˚C) reactors. The Organic Loading Rate (OLR) was started from 0.5/1.0 kg VS/m3-d (OLR of thermophilic/mesophilic reactor) and sequentially increased to 1.7/2.0, 1.5/3.0, and 4.5/5.0 kg VS/m3-d, respectively. Biogas volume and specific methane yield at OLR of 1.5/3.0 kg VS/m3-d were 1,659 ml/day and 22.2 mlCH4/gVSadded, while 3,628 ml/day and 13.4 mlCH4/gVSadded were obtained at OLR of 4.5/5.0 kg VS/m3-d. The volatile solids removal at OLR1.4/3.0 was 27.4% while 47.8% was detected at OLR4.5/5.0. The pathogen removal efficiency of TPAD system was over 90% throughout the experimental period.
Efficacy of modified Robert Jones bandages on reducing invisible blood loss after total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial
Authors:   , Pornrattanamaneewong Chaturong
Published: November 2023

Background: Modified Robert Jones bandage (MRJB) is a bulky compressive dressing, which commonly used to reduce blood loss, pain and swelling after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). But the complications associated with MRJB have been also reported. Theoretically, in terms of postoperative blood loss, the tamponade effect of MRJB should reduce the invisible blood loss (IBL) including hemarthrosis and space for extravasation. However this potential benefit is still unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of MRJB and non-compressive dressing (NCD) on reducing IBL after TKA. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA were randomly assigned into two groups; MRJB and NCD groups. Pre- and post-operative hematocrit levels, amount of drained blood and transfused blood volume were measured and used to calculate into IBL. Pain score, degree of knee and thigh swelling, blood transfusion rate, range of motions, functional outcomes and complications were also recorded and compared between both groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the mean IBL between MRJB (221.2 ± 233.3 ml) and NCD groups (158.5 ± 186.7 ml) (p = 0.219). Postoperative pain score at rest and during ambulation, degree of knee and thigh swelling, blood transfusion rate, range of motions and functional outcomes were also similar between two groups. No serious complications were observed in both groups. Conclusions: This study cannot determine the benefit of MRJB over NCD. The use of MRJB may not be necessary after primary TKA.
การระบุสารสีด้วยเทคนิคทางภาพเชิงมัลติสเปกตรัมโดยใช้แอลอีดีความยาวคลื่นแคบ
Authors:   , คำแพง สุรีย์พร
Published: November 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอวิธีการระบุสารสีด้วยเทคนิคทางภาพถ่ายที่ใช้รังสียูวีและแสงขาว โดยแบ่งแสงขาวออกเป็นแสงที่มีความยาวคลื่นแคบ 13 ช่องสัญญาณ และช่องสัญญาณแสงขาวโทนอุ่นกับโทนเย็นอีก 2 ช่องสัญญาณ ถ่ายผ่านแผ่นกรองแสงที่ให้แสงขาว รังสียูวี และรังสีอินฟราเรดผ่าน งานวิจัยนี้ได้นำเทคนิคนี้มาประยุกต์กับสารสีของเครเมอร์จำนวน 356 สารสี โดยแบ่งการทดลองออกเป็น 2 ส่วน ส่วนแรกเป็นการสร้างฐานข้อมูลจากภาพถ่ายสารสีภายใต้แอลอีดีจำนวน 15 ช่องสัญญาณผ่านแผ่นกรองแสงที่ให้แสงขาว รังสียูวี และรังสีอินฟราเรดผ่าน สารสีทั้ง 356 สารสี ถูกแบ่งออกเป็น 7 กลุ่มจากการปรากฏสีภายใต้แสงขาว ได้แก่ ม่วง น้ำเงิน เขียว เหลือง ส้ม แดง และกลุ่มสุดท้ายรวมขาว เทา ดำ และน้ำตาลไว้ด้วยกัน จากนั้นจัดทำแผนผังเพื่อระบุสารสีโดยสังเกตการปรากฏสีภายใต้แอลอีดีจำนวน 15 ช่องสัญญาณลดหลั่นกันจากแสงขาวโทนอุ่น แสงขาวโทนเย็น แสงสีที่ความยาวคลื่นสั้นและสิ้นสุดที่ความยาวคลื่นยาว ส่วนที่สองเป็นการประยุกต์วิธีที่ทำขึ้นในส่วนแรกเข้ากับสีทดสอบโดยอ้างอิงผลกับฐานข้อมูลที่สร้างขึ้นและยืนยันผลกับเทคนิคสเปกตรัมค่าการสะท้อนแสงและสเปกตรัมรามานสเปกโทรสโกปี ผลในส่วนแรกพบว่าสารสีที่อยู่ทุกกลุ่มสีสามารถถูกแยกออกเป็นกลุ่มที่เล็กลง และสารสีบางชนิดสามารถระบุได้โดยตรง เช่น สีม่วงสามารถระบุสารสี Fluorescent violet pigment, Han purple, Studio pink pigment, Alizarine Violet และ Hostaperm pink ได้โดยตรงโดยไม่มีสารสีอื่นอยู่ในกลุ่มทั้งนี้พบว่าสารสีชื่อเดียวกันต่างเพียงความเข้มถูกแยกออกจากกันด้วยลำดับของช่องสัญญาณที่ต่างกัน สาเหตุอาจมาจากการสะท้อนแสงของกระดาษฐานไปยังเซนเซอร์ของกล้องไม่เท่ากันเนื่องจากความโปร่งแสงต่างกัน ผลการทดลองในส่วนที่สองพบว่าการนำวิธีข้างต้นมาระบุสารสีทดสอบ 4 สารสี สามารถระบุสีเขียว Chrome oxide สีแดง Cinnabar สีน้ำตาล Red ochre ได้ ซึ่งได้ยืนยันผลความถูกต้องของผลด้วยวิธีสเปกตรัมการสะท้อนแสงและรามานสเปกโทรสโกปี
A New Fifth Order Variable Step Size Block Backward Differentiation Formula with Off-Step Points for the Numerical Solution of Stiff Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Alhassan Buhari , Yusuf Hamza  , Musa Hamisu  , Naghmeh Abasi
Published: November 2023

A new fully implicit two point variable step size based on block backward differentiation formula with two off-step points for the numerical integration of first order stiff ordinary differential equations in initial value problems is proposed. The methods are derived by introducing three different values of the step size ratio to the existing fifth order 2-point block backward differentiation formula with off-step points for solving stiff ordinary differential equations. The methods approximate two solutions values with two off-step points simultaneously at each step of the integration in block. The order, error constant, and consistency of the methods are presented. The stability analysis of the methods indicates that the methods are both zero and A-stable. The proposed methods are implemented in Microsoft Dev C++ compiler using Newton’s iteration and the numerical comparison of results with existing algorithm of the same order shows that the proposed methods are better in terms of accuracy and compete with 3DIBBDF in terms of computation time. Hence, the proposed methods serve as alternative solver for stiff ODEs.
CNN-LSTM Hybrid Model for Improving Bitcoin Price Prediction Results
Authors: Ferdiansyah  , Raja Zahilah  , Sit Hajar  , Deris Stiawan
Published: November 2023

LSTM is a promising tool for predicting the stock exchange. Still, when the LSTM Model faces an anomaly problem with a dataset of Bitcoin that has hit more change in value by fluctuation, it can be a problem for producing good evaluation results such as RMSE. This research is an improvement over the discoveries of previous research. We tried another perspective besides using five years of historical data prices to predict a six-day value. We found that the results of RMSE were not very good but exhibited good results on MAPE as a comparison evaluation method. We are using the last six days to predict the next day. Logically, this dataset has good dataset stability, but the dataset has quite a significant minute-by-minute change in day-by-day value. Furthermore, CNN-LSTM was selected in this research to give another perspective and improve the results. The results were quite good and greatly improved previous research.
Magnetohydrodynamic Stagnation-point Flow towards a Permeable Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Slip and Heat Generation/Absorption Effects
Authors: Kamal Fatinnabila , Khairy Zaimi  , Ahmad Ashraf Abdul Halim
Published: November 2023

This study of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation-point flow towards a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet in the presence of slip and heat generation/absorption effects is considered. The governing equations in the form of partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation, and then solved numerically using bvp4c function in Matlab software. The variations of the numerical solutions for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number as well as velocity and temperature profiles are obtained for several values of the governing parameters. It is found that the solution is unique for the stretching case whereas dual (first and second) solutions exist for the shrinking case in certain range of parameters.
An Investigation of Stability, Controllability and Observability of a Three Degree of Freedom Translational Mechanical System using State Space Approach
Authors: MOHAMMED HARUNA , Uchenwa Linus Okafor  , Aliyu Jaafar Bello
Published: November 2023

State-space modelling approach which is essentially time-domain developed in the late 1960s is a new approach to the analysis and design of complex control systems. Several researches have carried out modelling and analysis of mechanical systems with a number of degrees of freedom of movement using state space approach among which is the work of Sivak and Darina (2012) who modelled a system with two degrees of freedom. In this paper, therefore, we provide an extension of the work of Sivak and Darina to model and analyse a three degree of freedom translational mechanical system using state-space approach. The system was first presented in equivalent free body diagrams, then Newton's second law of motion was used to derive its equations of motion. The State-space formulation in the controllable canonical form obtained from the time-domain differential equations is adopted and the Laplace transform method was used in the analysis to determine the poles (natural frequencies) of the system using two numerical examples in MATLAB software. The software was also used to determine the controllability and observability matrices of the system. The stability, controllability and observability of the system were then discussed from the poles, controllability matrix and observability matrix respectively. Tables of numerical values and line graphs were used to present the results obtained from the analysis. Finally, in these results, the system was found to be stable, controllable and observable suggesting that a state feedback ( pole placement ) control design for the system is possible.
National interests and identity in the face of the challenges of european integration
Authors: Çerma Alba
Published: November 2023

National identity and values have been one of the most often studied topics among researchers in international relations throughout the years, from a variety of angles, especially in relation to European democratic ideals. The ideals at the heart of European Integration have been hotly debated in recent years as a result of some significant changes in EU governance. It is well known that European Integration is seen in a wide range of elements. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, the best approach to build shared values as a chance to hold European nations and citizens together and to support European public policy was through the expansion of the EU and the established constitution. The process of Albania’s European integration is a significant and ongoing component of the topic of European integration. Since June 1991, Albania has had a relationship with the European Union. In this topic, I’ve discussed the advancement Albania has made thus far in relation to the requirements it still needs to meet, the Balkan nations that want to join the EU, and Albania’s current status aspirations. Considering a country’s sovereignty, where sovereignty currently stands in relation to the European Union and its integration, and the relationship between European and National identity, the study of this topic modestly brings the interaction between national identity and values with European identity and European standards.
SISTEM INFORMASI BANTUAN SOSIAL DI KABUPATEN LANDAK BERBASIS WEB
Authors: DEVI Cresensia , Badri Mohamad
Published: November 2023

Program pemerintah berupa bantuan sosial (bansos) merupakan langkah penting dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Bantuan ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar dan meningkatkan taraf hidup penerima. Di Kabupaten Landak, Pemerintah Daerah berkomitmen untuk memperluas program bantuan sosial guna mengatasi kemiskinan. Namun, terdapat kendala dalam penyaluran bansos, seperti inklusi data penerima yang tidak akurat, penerima yang sudah meninggal tetap terdaftar, dan kesalahan penyaluran ganda. Hal ini mengakibatkan potensi masalah dan pengaduan masyarakat terhadap distribusi bansos.

Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan pengembangan sistem distribusi bansos berbasis web dengan memanfaatkan teknologi komputer dan sistem keamanan yang kuat. Data masyarakat miskin diperoleh melalui verifikasi dan validasi data terpadu kesejahteraan sosial di setiap desa menggunakan aplikasi SIKS-NG, yang kemudian disimpan dalam database. Sistem ini dapat mengelola data bantuan sosial dari pemda Kabupaten Landak dan provinsi Kalimantan Barat, serta menerapkan prinsip satu keluarga hanya mendapatkan satu bantuan dalam satu periode.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang sistem informasi yang membantu pemda Kabupaten Landak dalam distribusi bansos agar tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan distribusi bantuan sosial oleh pemda Kabupaten Landak, lebih efisien dan akurat.
The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Stunting-Associated Cognitive Impairment in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Simone Thanh Nguyen  , Marcelle Thrinh
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Stunting, a manifestation of chronic undernutrition, affects millions of children globally and is associated with impaired cognitive development. Chronic inflammation, often triggered by recurrent infections and poor nutritional status, is hypothesized to play a crucial role in this association. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic inflammation, stunting, and cognitive impairment in children under five years old in Hanoi, Vietnam.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 300 children aged 6-59 months from various districts in Hanoi. Anthropometric measurements were taken to assess stunting (height-for-age z-score < -2 SD). Cognitive function was evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III). Blood samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Socioeconomic status and dietary intake were assessed using questionnaires and 24-hour dietary recalls.
Results: The prevalence of stunting was 23.3% in the study population. Stunted children exhibited significantly lower cognitive scores compared to non-stunted children (p<0.001). Elevated levels of CRP and AGP were observed in stunted children, indicating the presence of chronic inflammation. After adjusting for potential confounders, chronic inflammation was independently associated with cognitive impairment in stunted children. Specifically, elevated CRP and AGP levels were associated with lower scores in cognitive domains such as language, motor skills, and cognitive development.
Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the role of chronic inflammation in mediating the link between stunting and cognitive impairment in children from Hanoi, Vietnam. Addressing chronic inflammation through improved nutrition, infection control, and targeted interventions may be crucial for mitigating the adverse cognitive effects of stunting.
Long-Term Imaging Surveillance of Radiation-Exposed Individuals: Insights from a Singaporean Population
Authors: Philippus Hwai  , Tony Lee
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Radiation exposure, whether occupational, medical, or accidental, carries a potential risk for long-term health complications, including cancer. Long-term imaging surveillance plays a pivotal role in the early detection and management of such complications. This study investigated the outcomes of a long-term imaging surveillance program in a Singaporean population with a history of radiation exposure.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included individuals with documented radiation exposure who underwent long-term imaging surveillance at a major Singaporean healthcare institution between 2000 and 2023. Data on demographics, radiation exposure history, imaging modalities used, and detected abnormalities were collected and analyzed.
Results: A total of 352 individuals (mean age 55.2 ± 12.3 years) were included. The most common sources of radiation exposure were medical procedures (62%), followed by occupational exposure (28%), and accidental exposure (10%). The most frequently utilized imaging modalities were computed tomography (CT) scans (75%), followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (45%), and ultrasound (30%). The overall incidence of detected abnormalities was 18%, with the most common being thyroid nodules (8%), followed by lung nodules (5%), and breast lesions (3%). Early-stage malignancies were detected in 2.5% of individuals. For every 10 Gy increase in radiation dose, the risk of developing severe imaging abnormalities increases by 25% (OR = 1.25, p < 0.001). For every 10-year increase in age at the time of radiation exposure, the risk of severe abnormalities increases by 18% (OR = 1.18, p = 0.023). Individuals with comorbidities (such as diabetes or heart disease) have a 32% higher risk of developing severe imaging abnormalities (OR = 1.32, p = 0.041).
Conclusion: Long-term imaging surveillance in radiation-exposed individuals facilitates the early detection of radiation-related complications. This study underscores the importance of tailored surveillance programs based on the type and level of radiation exposure.
Mapping the Epileptogenic Landscape: A Multimodal MRI Study in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Patients in India
Authors: Katherine Elsha
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) poses a significant challenge to patient management, necessitating precise localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) for potential surgical intervention. This study aims to evaluate the utility of multimodal MRI techniques in delineating the EZ in DRE patients in India.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 DRE patients who underwent multimodal MRI evaluation, including high-resolution T1-weighted imaging, T2-weighted imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), at a tertiary care center in India. MRI findings were correlated with electroencephalography (EEG) and surgical outcomes.
Results: MRI abnormalities were detected in 82% of patients. The most common findings included hippocampal sclerosis (34%), focal cortical dysplasia (26%), and gliosis (18%). DWI and SWI revealed subtle abnormalities in 20% of patients not detected on conventional MRI. Concordance between MRI and EEG was observed in 76% of cases. Surgical outcomes were favorable in 70% of patients with complete resection of the MRI-defined EZ.
Conclusion: Multimodal MRI is a valuable tool for mapping the epileptogenic landscape in DRE patients. It aids in the identification of subtle abnormalities, enhances the accuracy of EZ localization, and contributes to improved surgical outcomes.
R-universe now builds WASM binaries for all R packages
Authors: Ooms Jeroen
Published: November 2023

Abstract / TLDR R-universe now builds WASM binaries of all R packages for use in WebR applications (such as shinylive). For example to test the dev version of dplyr, you can open the WebR demo page and run:install.packages('dplyr', repos = c('https://tidyverse.r-universe.dev', 'https://repo.r-wasm.org')) As explained below, not all R packages are supported yet;
The rising trend of food prices: A factor in changing consumer behaviour regarding food waste
Authors: Nefovski Sasho , Petreska Lenche , Stojanova Pavlina
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to determine the influence of food prices in changing behaviour regarding reducing food waste in households. The motive for this research primarily originates from the ongoing global economic tendency of increasing the prices of energy sources which is also a direct factor affecting the prices of food products. Survey data were collected via questionnaires in North Macedonia. A descriptive and empirical presentation interprets the attitudes of different categories of consumers. The research concludes that prices significantly impact awareness of the importance of food. Hence, respondents agree that the amount of food waste in the home is reduced in the last year.
Perceptions of management and employees on the level of development of the quality culture in the company Šinvoz, Zrenjanin
Authors: Dejanović Aleksandar , Lukić-Nikolić Jelena , Miljuš Gabriela
Published: November 2023

Quality is a factor that significantly determines the competitiveness and success of any organization on the market in today's business conditions. Customers' increasing degree and level of information, as well as their increasing demands and wishes, have presented organizations with the challenge of ensuring and nurturing top quality. Quality culture is a type of organizational culture that incorporates key assumptions, values, principles, and fundamental concepts of quality management. The findings of a 2022 study in which 21 managers and 80 employees of the company Šinvoz, Zrenjanin took part revealed that managers, on average, expressed more positive attitudes toward the aforementioned claims than employees who were more reserved. Statistically significant differences in the responses of managers and employees were identified in terms of leadership, quality as a key value in the company, focus on the customer, and employee empowerment and participation. These segments received significantly higher ratings from managers, compared to employee ratings. Leadership, working conditions, and employee motivation are the key areas that need to be improved, as they received the lowest average scores. The findings of the research can help leaders and managers make decisions about the quality culture and, more broadly, about the necessary organizational changes.
Consumers' perception of green advertising and eco-labels: The effect on purchasing intentions
Authors: Kolović Tijana , Vlastelica Tamara , Krstić Jelena
Published: November 2023

Due to increasing degradation of natural environment, the importance of environmentally responsible production and consumption, as well as green marketing and sustainable labeling has been growing. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of consumers' perception of green advertising and eco-labels on their intentions to purchase eco-labeled products. A research was carried out by using an online survey method on a convenient sample of 172 consumers in the Republic of Serbia. The results showed that, in spite of respondents reporting their environmental awareness and concern, respondents mostly did not consider the impact of their own purchasing habits on the environment. Obtained results showed the existence of a strong relationship between the respondents' pro-environmental behavior and their current purchase, green advertising receptivity, attitude towards green advertising, perception of eco-labels and purchasing intentions. Also, it was found that respondents who were more responsive to green advertising and had better attitudes towards green advertising were more likely to purchase products which are eco-labeled. On the other hand, respondents' perception of eco-labels did not strongly influence purchasing intentions towards eco-labeled products, which is a consequence of insufficient familiarity of respondents with environmental product labeling. These research findings have valuable implications for companies defining strategies to include environmental appeals in their marketing communication, as well as for public institutions in Serbia for the further planning of activities related to encouragement of environmentally friendly production and consumption.
Suspended particles concentrations in the secondary schools in Bor (Serbia) in heating season
Authors: Tasić Viša , Kamenović Vladan , Urošević Tamara , Radović Bojan , Apostolovski-Trujić Tatjana , Damjanović Zvonko
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the results of measurements the suspended particles of the PM 10 and PM 2.5 fractions in two high schools in Bor (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering-MS and Grammar School-GM). The measurements were conducted in two heating seasons for a duration of seven days (five weekdays, and two weekend days). Periods during the weekdays when there were classes and weekend days when there were no classes at school were analyzed separately. The measurement results show that the average concentrations of suspended particles PM 10 during the class period were 1.7 (GM) and 2.4 (MS) times higher than in the period without classes. The average concentrations of suspended particles PM 2.5 in both schools during the class period were 1.5 times higher than in the period without classes. In MS the average PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations during classes were above daily limit values for 3 of 5 working days. In contrast, there was no exceeding of the average daily limit values for concentrations of suspended particles during classes in GM. The results of measurements indicate that more attention should be paid to the way classrooms are cleaned to reduce the possibility of particles resuspension due to the movement of pupils during the teaching period.