bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALMA Resolves the Molecular Gas in a Young Low-metallicity Starburst Galaxy at z = 1.7
Authors: González-López Jorge , Barrientos L. Felipe , Gladders M. D. , Wuyts Eva , Rigby Jane , Sharon Keren , Aravena Manuel , Bayliss Matthew B. , Ibar Eduardo
Published: September 2017

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of CO lines and dust continuum emission of the source RCSGA 032727–132609, a young z = 1.7 low-metallicity starburst galaxy. The CO(3–2) and CO(6–5) lines and continuum at rest-frame 450 μm are detected and show a resolved structure in the image plane. We use the corresponding lensing model to obtain a source plane reconstruction of the detected emissions revealing an intrinsic flux density of

μJy and intrinsic CO luminosities

and

. We used the resolved properties in the source plane to obtain molecular gas and star formation rate surface densities of

and

, respectively. The intrinsic properties of RCSGA 032727–132609 show an enhanced star formation activity compared to local spiral galaxies with similar molecular gas densities, supporting the ongoing merger–starburst phase scenario. RCSGA 032727–132609 also appears to be a low-density starburst galaxy similar to local blue compact dwarf galaxies, which have been suggested as local analogs to high-redshift low-metallicity starburst systems. Finally, the CO excitation level in the galaxy is consistent with having the peak at

, with a higher excitation concentrated in the star-forming clumps.
Études prosopographiques
Authors: Cheynet Jean-Claude , Vannier Jean-François
Published: September 2017

Cet ouvrage comporte deux études prosopographiques. L'une est consacrée à trois familles byzantines, les Bourtzai, les Brachamioi et les Dalassènoi, qui ont pour trait commun d'avoir été en relations durables avec le duché d'Antioche. L'auteur, Jean- Claude Cheynet, utilise l'indispensable apport de la sigillographie pour saisir le rôle politique et social de ce groupe. L'autre étude renouvelle nos connaissances sur la généalogie des premiers Paléologues. Avant même d'accéder à l'Empire, les Paléologues avaient su parvenir au premier rang de l'aristocratie en contractant des alliances avec les dynasties impériales précédentes, ce qui favorisa leur réussite ultérieure. Tel est l'objet de l'étude de Jean- François Vannier.
Political apathy amongst students: A case study of Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
Authors: Breakfast Ntsikelelo B. , Bradshaw Gavin , Haines Richard
Published: September 2017

The primary motivation for this research, in which a qualitative method was employed, was to examine political apathy amongst students at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. The secondary motivation was to question whether youth political apathy threatens the consolidation of democracy. The researchers arranged four focus groups at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. A purposive sampling technique was utilised. All 50 participants in the study were Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University undergraduate and postgraduate black students, with ages ranging from 21 to 35 years. The researchers encouraged participants to have maximum participation in the focus group deliberations. The researchers also made use of elite interviews in the study. The findings of this study suggest that political apathy does exist amongst students at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Most of the participants in the focus groups indicated that young people in post-apartheid South Africa have no interest in politics.
Melting and solidification of pure metals by a phase-field model
Authors: Caputo Michele , Ciarletta Michele , Fabrizio Mauro , Tibullo Vincenzo
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we study melting and solidification for metallurgical processes related with phase transitions of pure metals, which during the solid phase show an evident ductility. So, the transition is between a viscous fluid and a viscoplastic state. In this work these particular phenomena can be well described by a phase field fractional model, whose evolution has to satisfy a Ginzburg–Landau equation. Then, we prove the compatibility with the Thermodynamic Laws.

Hence, for metallurgical phase transitions, we have considered a similar model by a new fractional derivative and compared the behavior of the first with this second model. Finally, a generalization to finite deformation for the same models is presented in the last section.
Singular behavior of a vortex layer in the zero thickness limit
Authors: Gargano Francesco , Sammartino Marco Maria Luigi , Sciacca Vincenzo
Published: September 2017

The aim of this paper is to study the Euler dynamics of a 2D periodic layer of non uniform vorticity. We consider the zero thickness limit and we compare the Euler solution with the vortex sheet evolution predicted by the Birkhoff–Rott equation. The well-known process of singularity formation in shape of the vortex sheet correlates with the appearance of several complex singularities in the Euler solution with the vortex layer datum. These singularities approach the real axis and are responsible for the roll-up process in the layer motion.
Deglacial sea level history of the East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea margins
Authors: Cronin Thomas M. , O'Regan Matt , Pearce Christof , Gemery Laura , Toomey Michael , Semiletov Igor , Jakobsson Martin
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Deglacial (12.8–10.7 ka) sea level history on the East Siberian continental shelf and upper continental slope was reconstructed using new geophysical records and sediment cores taken during Leg 2 of the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition. The focus of this study is two cores from Herald Canyon, piston core SWERUS-L2-4-PC1 (4-PC1) and multicore SWERUS-L2-4-MC1 (4-MC1), and a gravity core from an East Siberian Sea transect, SWERUS-L2-20-GC1 (20-GC1). Cores 4-PC1 and 20-GC were taken at 120 and 115 m of modern water depth, respectively, only a few meters above the global last glacial maximum (LGM;  ∼  24 kiloannum or ka) minimum sea level of  ∼  125–130 meters below sea level (m b.s.l.). Using calibrated radiocarbon ages mainly on molluscs for chronology and the ecology of benthic foraminifera and ostracode species to estimate paleodepths, the data reveal a dominance of river-proximal species during the early part of the Younger Dryas event (YD, Greenland Stadial GS-1) followed by a rise in river-intermediate species in the late Younger Dryas or the early Holocene (Preboreal) period. A rapid relative sea level rise beginning at roughly 11.4 to 10.8 ka ( ∼  400 cm of core depth) is indicated by a sharp faunal change and unconformity or condensed zone of sedimentation. Regional sea level at this time was about 108 m b.s.l. at the 4-PC1 site and 102 m b.s.l. at 20-GC1. Regional sea level near the end of the YD was up to 42–47 m lower than predicted by geophysical models corrected for glacio-isostatic adjustment. This discrepancy could be explained by delayed isostatic adjustment caused by a greater volume and/or geographical extent of glacial-age land ice and/or ice shelves in the western Arctic Ocean and adjacent Siberian land areas.
Optimum Coagulant Forecasting with Modeling the Jar Test Experiments Using ANN
Authors: Haghiri Sadaf , Moharramzadeh Sina , Daghighi Amin
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Nowadays the proper utilization of water treatment plants and optimizing their use is of particular importance. Coagulation and flocculation in water treatment are among the common ways through which the use of coagulants leads to instability of particles and formation of larger and heavier particles, resulting in improvement of sedimentation and filtration processes. Determination of the optimum dose of such a coagulant is of particular significance. A high dose, in addition to adding costs, can cause the sediment to remain in the filtrate, a dangerous condition according to the standards, while a sub-adequate dose of coagulants can result in the reducing the required quality and acceptable performance of the coagulation process. While jar tests are used for testing coagulants, such experiments face many constraints with respect to evaluating the results produced by sudden changes in input water because of their significant costs, long time requirements, and complex relationships among the many factors (turbidity, temperature, pH, alkalinity, etc.) that can influence the efficiency of coagulant and test results. Modeling can be used to overcome these limitations, and in this research study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) with one hidden layer has been used for modeling the jar test to determine the dosage level of used coagulant in water treatment processes. The data contained in this research have been obtained from the drinking water treatment plant located in the Ardabil province. To evaluate the performance of the model, the parameters Mean Squared Error (MSE) and the Correlation Coefficient R2 have been used. The obtained values are within an acceptable range that demonstrates the high accuracy of the models with respect to the estimation of water quality characteristics and the optimal dosages of coagulants, so using these models will allow operators to not only reduce costs and time taken to perform experimental jar tests, but also to predict a proper dosage for coagulant amounts and to project the quality of the output water under real variable conditions.
A global historical data set of tropical cyclone exposure (TCE-DAT)
Authors: Geiger Tobias , Frieler Katja , Bresch David N.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Tropical cyclones pose a major risk to societies worldwide with about 22 million directly-affected people and damages of $29 billion on average per year over the last 20 years. While data on observed cyclones tracks (location of the center) and wind speeds is publically available these data sets do not contain information about the spatial extent of the storm and people or assets exposed. Here, we apply a simplified wind field model to estimate the areas exposed to wind speeds above 34, 64, and 96 knots. Based on available spatially-explicit data on population densities and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) we estimate 1) the number of people and 2) the sum of assets exposed to wind speeds above these thresholds accounting for temporal changes in historical distribution of population and assets (TCE-hist) and assuming fixed 2015 patterns (TCE-2015). The associated country-event level exposure data (TCE-DAT) covers the period 1950 to 2015 and is freely available at http://doi.org/10.5880/pik.2017.005. It is considered key information to 1) assess the contribution of climatological versus socio-economic drivers of changes in exposure to tropical cyclones, 2) estimate changes in vulnerability from the difference in exposure and reported damages and calibrate associated damage functions, and 3) build improved exposure-based predictors to estimate higher-level societal impacts such as long-term effects on GDP, employment, or migration. We validate the adequateness of our methodology by comparing our exposure estimate to estimated exposure obtained from reported wind fields available since 1988 for the United States. We expect that the free availability of the underlying model and TCE-DAT will make research on tropical cyclone risks more accessible to non-experts and stakeholders.
Topographical changes caused by moderate and small floods in a gravelly ephemeral river – 2D morphodynamic simulation approach
Authors: Lotsari Eliisa , Calle Mikel , Benito Gerardo , Kukko Antero , Kaartinen Harri , Hyyppä Juha , Hyyppä Hannu , Alho Petteri
Published: September 2017

Abstract. In ephemeral rivers, channel morphology represents a snapshot at the end of a succession of geomorphic changes performed by a flood. In most cases, the channel shape and bedform evolution during different phases of a flood hydrograph are not recognized from field evidence. This paper analyzes the capabilities of morphodynamic modelling (Delft 2D) for resolving the evolution of a gravelly ephemeral river channel during consecutive, moderate- and low-magnitude discharge events. We pursue for schematic concepts for simulations in ephemeral gravely rivers that provide an outcome with the closest similarity to the post-flood reality. Based on the simulations, we analyze the morphodynamic evolution of Rambla de la Viuda (Spain) to find out when and to what extent the channel changes occur during the phases of moderate- (March 2013) and low-magnitude (May 2013) discharge events, and what influence the discharge has on the rate of morphological changes. The model performance is examined with different parameterizations. The spatially varying grain size data and transport equations were the most important factors, in addition to the quality of recorded discharge, for the simulation results of the channel evolution. The total load equation worked better, compared to the deterministic equation. The erosion and deposition can be in total greater during the longlasting receding phase than during the rising phase. The deposition and erosion peaks are predicted to occur at the beginning of the moderate-magnitude discharge event, whereas deposition dominates throughout the event. On the contrary, the low-magnitude discharge event only experiences the peak of channel changes after the discharge peak. These different predicted erosion/deposition patterns suggest a hysteresis effect on the morphodynamic changes, and stress the importance of previous flood history (timing, succession and magnitude) in understanding the geomorphic response of gravelly ephemeral rivers.
On the CCN (de)activation nonlinearities
Authors: Arabas Sylwester , Shima Shin-ichiro
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We take into consideration the evolution of particle size in a monodisperse aerosol population during activation and deactivation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Our analysis reveals that the system undergoes a saddle-node bifurcation and a cusp catastrophe. The control parameters chosen for the analysis are the relative humidity and the particle concentration. An analytical estimate of the activation timescale is derived through estimation of the time spent in the saddle-node bifurcation bottleneck. Numerical integration of the system coupled with a simple air-parcel cloud model portrays two types of activation/deactivation hystereses: one associated with the kinetic limitations on droplet growth when the system is far from equilibrium, and one occurring close to equilibrium and associated with the cusp catastrophe. We discuss the presented analyses in context of the development of particle-based models of aerosol–cloud interactions in which activation and deactivation impose stringent time-resolution constraints on numerical integration.
Assessment of Snow, Sea Ice, and Related Climate Processes in Canada's Earth-System Model and Climate Prediction System
Authors: Kushner Paul J. , Mudryk Lawrence R. , Merryfield William , Ambadan Jaison T. , Berg Aaron , Bichet Adéline , Brown Ross , Derksen Christopher P. , Déry Stephen J. , Dirkson Arlan , Flato Greg , Fletcher Christopher G. , Fyfe John C. , Gillett Nathan , Haas Christian , Howell Stephen , Laliberté Frédéric , McCusker Kelly , Sigmond Michael , Sospreda-Alfonso Reinel , Tandon Neil F. , Thackeray Chad , Tremblay Bruno , Zwiers Francis W.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This study assesses the ability of the Canadian Seasonal to Interannual Prediction System (CanSIPS) and the Canadian Earth-system Model 2 (CanESM2) to predict and simulate snow and sea ice from seasonal to multi-decadal timescales, with a focus on the Canadian sector. To account for observational uncertainty, model structural uncertainty, and internal climate variability, the analysis uses multi-source observations, multiple Earth-System Models (ESMs) in Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) archive, and initial condition ensembles of CanESM2 and other models. It is found that the ability of the CanESM2 simulation to capture snow-related climate parameters, such as cold-region temperature and precipitation, lies within the range of currently available international models. Accounting for the considerable disagreement among satellite-era observational datasets on the distribution of snow water equivalent, CanESM2 has too much springtime snow cover over the Canadian land mass, reflecting a broader Northern Hemisphere positive bias. It also exhibits retreat of springtime snow generally greater than observational estimates, after accounting for observational uncertainty and internal variability. Sea ice is biased low in the Canadian Arctic, which makes it difficult to assess the realism of long-term sea-ice trends there. The strengths and weaknesses of the modeling system need to be understood as a practical tradeoff: the Canadian models are relatively inexpensive computationally because of their moderate resolution, thus enabling their use in operational seasonal prediction and for generating large ensembles of multidecadal simulations. Improvements in climate prediction systems like CanSIPS rely not just on simulation quality but also on using novel observational constraints and the ready transfer of research to an operational setting. Improvements in seasonal forecasting practice arising from recent research include accurate initialization of snow and frozen soil, accounting for observational uncertainty in forecast verification, and sea-ice thickness initialization using statistical predictors available in real time.
Generalized rough lacunary statistical triple difference sequence spaces in probability of fractional order defined by Musielak-Orlicz functionGeneralized rough lacunary statistical triple difference sequence spaces in probability of fractional order defined by Musielak-Orlicz function
Authors: Debnath Shyamal , Subramanian N.
Published: September 2017

We generalized the concepts in probability of rough lacunary statistical by introducing the diference operator of fractional order, where is a proper fraction and = (mnk ) is anyxed sequence of nonzero real or complex numbers. We study some properties of this operator involving lacunary sequence and arbitrary sequence p = (prst) of strictly positive real numbers and investigate the topological structures of related triple diference sequence spaces. The main focus of the present paper is to generalized rough lacunary statistical of triple diference sequence spaces and investigate their topological structures as well as some inclusion concerning the operator :
Nearly i-continuious multifunctions
Authors: Arivazhagi C. , Rajesh N.
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the present paper is to introduce and study upper and lower nearly I-continuous multifunctions. Basic characterizations, several properties of upper and lower nearly I-continuous multifunctions are investigated.
$H(i)$ Connected ditopological texture space
Authors: Saw Ajay Kumar , Tripathy Binod Chandra
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we introduce the fundamental aspect of H(i) connected ditopological texture space, before proving we develop some basic key  of bicontinuity and connectedness in term of ditopological texture space which will helpful in H(i) connected ditopological texture space. We establish some correspondence related to known structure such as bitopological space, fuzzy lattice and topological space.
Los grupos de síntomas en personas con cáncer: una revisión integrativa
Authors: Carrillo-González Gloria Mabel
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: explorar el estado actual de desarrollo investigativo del área temática de grupos de síntomas en adultos con cáncer. Método: revisión integrativa de producción científica generada entre 2001 y 2016. Se incluyeron 61 artículos por su aporte en la comprensión del área temática. Resultados: el estudio de los grupos de síntomas en personas con cáncer se consolida como un área temática novedosa, pertinente y necesaria para la investigación y práctica de enfermería en oncología, con tendencias y retos que incluyen: (1) El desarrollo de marcos conceptuales que aporten a la fundamentación, atributos y efectos (2) La determinación de métodos y formas de crearlos y clasificarlos (3) La generación de estudios con poblaciones específicas por tipos de cáncer y tratamiento y la consolidación de intervenciones de enfermería. Conclusiones: los pacientes con cáncer experimentan múltiples síntomas de forma simultánea durante las distintas fases de la enfermedad. Es incipiente el estudio de este fenómeno, los retos para la enfermería se centran en la generación de respuestas que alivien la carga de los grupos de síntomas y mejoren la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. Es necesario validar escalas de carga del síntoma y explorar los grupos de síntomas incluyendo variables clínicas ligadas a los tratamientos oncológicos.
Distúrbio na imagem corporal: diagnóstico de enfermagem e características definidoras em pessoas ostomizadas
Authors: Fernandes Costa Isabelle Katherinne , Márjore Dantas Liberato Samily , Souza Freitas Luana , Dantas Medeiros Melo Marjorie , Fernandes de Sena Juliana , Medeiros Lays Pinheiro de
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: identificar en la literatura las características definidoras del diagnóstico de enfermería disturbio en la imagen corporal en estudios desarrollados con personas ostomizadas. Métodos: se trata de una investigación bibliográfica, en la modalidad revisión integradora de la literatura, descriptiva y con enfoque cualitativo, realizada en noviembre del 2015, en las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Índice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud, PubMed Central, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science y SciVerse Scopus. El análisis se llevó a cabo por medio de consulta a la taxonomía NANDA-I, con la que se buscó identificar las características definidoras del diagnóstico en cuestión. Resultados: la muestra fue de 43 publicaciones, en las que se identificaron 14 de las 37 características definidoras que componen el diagnóstico estudiado. Conclusiones: los estudios señalan relaciones entre el disturbio en la imagen corporal y alteraciones en la sexualidad, restricciones sociales, cambios en el estilo de vida y calidad de vida.
Effect of Diet on Replacement Beef Heifer Growth and Reproductive Performance
Authors: P. Bowman Janice G. , F. Sowell Bok
Published: September 2017

One hundred-one crossbred beef heifers (average weight 256.1 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of diet during an 84-day period, on growth and reproductive performance. The four treatments were: 1) grass hay; 2) grass hay + 0.9 kg/day barley; 3) grass hay + 1.8 kg/day barley; and 4) alfalfa hay. Heifers were assigned randomly to 12 pens by weight (three pens/treatment). Prior to feeding, barley was cracked through a roller-mill. Heifers consuming alfalfa hay or grass hay + 1.8 kg barley gained 39% faster (0.68 and 0.74 kg/day, respectively; P = 0.01) than heifers consuming grass hay alone (0.51 kg/day). Heifers consuming grass hay + 0.9 kg barley were intermediate in average daily gain (ADG; 0.63 kg/day). Hay intake was 16% greater (P < 0.10) by heifers consuming alfalfa hay, grass hay, and grass hay + 0.9 kg barley compared with those consuming grass hay + 1.8 kg barley (average 8.1 vs 7.0 kg/day). Using costs (USD) of $0.066/kg, $0.099/kg, and $0.0935/kg for grass hay, alfalfa hay, and barley, respectively, feed cost/day was greatest (P < 0.01) for alfalfa hay ($0.81/day), intermediate for the grass hay + barley diets (average $0.63/day), and lowest for grass hay ($0.53/day). Cost/kg gain was less (P < 0.10) for grass hay + 1.8 kg barley compared with alfalfa hay. No diet differences (P > 0.70) were found in reproductive performance of the heifers. Feeding replacement heifers alfalfa hay resulted in performance equivalent to feeding grass hay + 1.8 kg barley, but the alfalfa hay diet had a higher cost.
Challenges to Implementing Food Safety and Produce Handling Training in School Meal Programs
Authors: Curwood Sandra C. , Arendt Susan W. , Arendt Susan W. , Rajagopal Lakshman , Rajagopal Lakshman , Sapp Stephen W. , Sapp Stephen W.
Published: September 2017

This study explored school foodservice directors’ (FSDs’) attitudes, influencers, knowledge about safe produce handling, and perceived challenges related to food safety training using Ajzen’s (1985) theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a theoretical underpinning. A web-based questionnaire was developed, pilot tested, and sent to all 864 public school districts in California. Demographic data, knowledge scores, attitudes, influencers, and challenges are reported using descriptive statistics and t-tests. Most respondent school FSDs (n=136, response rate of 16.4%) were female, between the ages of 35-64, with a least a bachelors’ degree, and more than 10 years of school foodservice experience. Most districts were self-operated, small, at least 50% free and reduced eligibility, and had conventional kitchens with speed-scratch preparation. School FSDs’ attitude towards offering food safety training had the highest level of agreement regarding maintaining department reputation. The health inspector was identified as having the greatest likelihood to think food safety training should be offered. The noted perceived challenge to providing food safety training was “employee scheduling availability.” Findings identified 84.4% (n= 108) of respondents had a Certified Food Safety Protection (CFPM) certification and12.6% (n= 16) attended USDA’s Produce Safety University (PSU) with no significant differences in knowledge scores based on either having attended USDA’s PSU or having CFPM certification. Regarding knowledge questions, 24.4% answered all six correctly (n= 125-127). School foodservice staff need adequate food safety training and safe produce handling practices as part of their food safety management plan. Produce safety training can be supported by state agencies and professional organizations.
Network of Breathing. Multifunctional Role of the Diaphragm: A Review
Authors: Kocjan Janusz , Adamek Mariusz , Gzik-Zroska Bożena , Czyżewski Damian , Rydel Mateusz
Published: September 2017

The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in active inspiration and serves also as an important anatomical landmark that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity. However, the diaphragm muscle like other structures and organs in the human body has more than one function, and displays many anatomic links throughout the body, thereby forming a ‘network of breathing’. Besides respiratory function, it is important for postural control as it stabilises the lumbar spine during loading tasks. It also plays a vital role in the vascular and lymphatic systems, as well as, is greatly involved in gastroesophageal functions such as swallowing, vomiting, and contributing to the gastroesophageal reflux barrier. In this paper we set out in detail the anatomy and embryology of the diaphragm and attempt to show it serves as both: an important exchange point of information, originating in different areas of the body, and a source of information in itself. The study also discusses all of its functions related to breathing.
Ansiedade e desempenho escolar no ensino fundamental I
Authors: Cunha Neide De Brito , Oliveira Sandra Maria Da Silva Sales , Silva Thaísa Vilhena , Oliveira Antônio José Figueiredo
Published: September 2017

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a ansiedade em alunos do Ensino Fundamental I e eventuais diferenças com relação ao sexo, idade, ano escolar, tipo de escola e desempenho acadêmico nas disciplinas de matemática e português. Nesta pesquisa de campo, foram avaliados 134 alunos de duas escolas, uma pública e outra particular do sul do Estado de Minas Gerais. Do total, 70 eram meninas e as idades variaram de 7 a 10 anos. Os estudantes estavam cursando do 2º ao 5º ano. Foi utilizado o Inventário de Ansiedade na Escola e as notas dos alunos nas disciplinas de Português e Matemática. Os resultados apontaram um nível médio de ansiedade escolar e não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na avaliação da ansiedade com relação às variáveis estudadas. Como há carência de pesquisas com as crianças quanto à ansiedade escolar nesse nível de ensino, considera-se importante avaliar outras amostras.
Editorial – Revista Educação
Authors: Salva Sueli , Pereira Marcelo De Andrade , Berni Clenio Perlin
Published: September 2017

Editorial – Revista Educação
La «ley singular» como categoría de acuñación jurisprudencial: una nueva aproximación a su particular significado y problemática
Authors: Rodríguez Patrón Patricia
Published: September 2017

Resumen:El Tribunal Constitucional ha acuñado una categoría propia de ley singular al margen del concepto tradicionalmente utilizado en la teoría de las fuentes del derecho que presenta, hasta el momento, tres subtipos. En este trabajo se trata de reflexionar acerca de alguno de los problemas que presenta su control de constitucionalidad, así como de ofrecer una modesta propuesta de racionalización del mismo.Abstract:The Constitutional Court has created its own category of singular law outside the concept traditionally used in the theory of the sources of law that includes, so far, three subtypes. This article tries to reflect on some of the problems presented by its constitutionality control, as well as to offer a modest rationalization proposal about it.
Efectividad del Derecho de la Unión Europea vs. principio constitucional de imperio de la Ley
Authors: Moya Hurtado de Mendoza Francisco
Published: September 2017

Resumen:Las Sentencias dictadas en los últimos años por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, en respuesta a cuestiones prejudiciales sobre la adecuación de las normas aplicables en el ordenamiento jurídico español para alcanzar los objetivos fijados en la Directiva 93/13, sobre cláusulas abusivas en contratos celebrados con consumidores, ponen de manifiesto la oposición de algunas de las normas analizadas a la Directiva. Esto traslada la obligación de conseguir los resultados a los órganos jurisdiccionales y da lugar en la práctica a la existencia de criterios de interpretación diferentes ante premisas fácticas idénticas, en perjuicio de la pretendida seguridad jurídica que garantice la confianza de los consumidores en la contratación.Abstract:The rulings handed down in recent years by the Court of Justice of the European Union, in response to preliminary rulings on the adequacy of the rules applicable in the Spanish legal system to achieve the objectives set out in the Directive 93/13 on unfair terms in consumer contracts, highlight the opposition of some of the rules analyzed to the Directive. This moves the obligation of results for thecourts and gives rise in practice to the existence of different criteria of interpretation before identical factual premises, to the detriment of purported legal certainty that ensures the confidence of consumers in the hiring.
Gobernar es igualar. Isonomía, oportunidades y justicia social en la Argentina
Authors: Ferreyra Raúl Gustavo
Published: September 2017

Resumen:El Estado constitucional es la máxima instancia conocida para la ordenación política de una comunidad de individuos libres. Las dimensiones de la igualdad, con diverso significado y grado de reconocimiento, pretenden cobijar una determinada fundamentación del Estado, al equiparar por convención aspectos de las relaciones entre los hombres. La igualdad ante el Derecho significa una de sus fortificaciones. Un nuevo logro reside en la igualdad de oportunidades. Ambas son insuficientes porque no detienen la marcha regresiva del bienestar. La desigualdad creciente en la Argentina, donde casi el 60% de su población es pobre o vulnerable, exhibe la existencia de dos mundos: una ciudadanía política y una ciudadanía social. Los desposeídos, pobres y vulnerables, no disfrutan y no pueden disfrutar, con el actual estado de cosas constitucional, de una ciudadanía de plena justicia social. Nunca será posible destruir por completo la desigualdad social, sino sólo disminuirla. Un progreso con justicia social se presenta como misión fundamental del Estado. La reducción del dualismo en los grados de la ciudadanía es propiciada con múltiples energías. Una puede provenir de un consenso básico, regido por la Constitución federal en su proceso de variación. Mientras no se produzca un reparto más igual de los bienes, la lengua de las escrituras laicas será mejor comprendida por aquellos que conozcan los beneficios de una ciudadanía completa y conozcan todas sus luces.Abstract:The constitutional State is the highest instance known for the political organization of the community of free individuals. The dimensions of equality, with different signification and degree of recognition aim to cover a certain grounding on the State, when they equate by convention aspects of the relationships between human beings. The equality before the law means one of its strengthenings. One new achievement: equality of opportunity. Both are insufficient because they do not prevent the regressive march of well-being. The growing inequality in Argentina, were almost 60% of its population is poor or vulnerable, shows the existence of two worlds: a political citizenship and a social citizenship. The deprived, poor and vulnerable people do not enjoy -nor could they- the current state of constitutional affairs, a citizenship filled with social justice. It will never be possible to completely destroy social inequality; it can be continuously reduced.A progress with social justice constitutes a fundamental aim of the State. Decreasing the dualism in the degrees of citizenship is fostered with enthusiasm. It can come from a basic consensus, in a new auditorium ruled by the federal Constitution in its variation process. As long as a more equal distribution of natural or manufactured goods does not take place, the language of secular scripts would be better understood by those who know the benefits of complete citizenship and know all of its enlightenment.
Predicting Thrust Loss of Ship Propellers Due to Ventilation and Out-of-Water Effect
Authors: Kozlowska Anna M. , Savio Luca , Steen Sverre
Published: September 2017

This article presents a propeller ventilation model that is tuned on experiments performed in open water condition in a towing tank. The main purpose of performing the experiments was to obtain more data at higher advance numbers for validation purposes and to make a calculation model for thrust and torque loss due to free-surface proximity. Tests were performed at different draughts. For each draught, the propeller was tested at different propeller speeds n = 9, 12, 16, and, 16 Hz at advance number in the range from J = 0 to J = 1.0. The different advance numbers were obtained at different propeller speeds so that for the same advance number, different propeller thrust values were tested, so that the effect of propeller loading can be seen independently from the speed of advance J. The main focus of this article is to explain and validate a prediction model for thrust loss due to ventilation and out-of-water effect.

1. Introduction

Ventilation is a phenomenon of air-drawing seen on structures operating below the free surface, such as hydrofoils, rudders, and propellers. Propeller ventilation is related to the propeller coming close to the free surface and "sucking" air into the propeller, or when the blades are piercing the free surface. In these cases, propeller ventilation leads to a sudden and large loss of propeller thrust and torque, which might lead to propeller racing and possibly damaging dynamic loads, as well as noise and vibration. Ventilation typically occurs when the propeller loading is high and the propeller submergence is limited, and when the relative motions at the propeller are large because of heavy seas. Propeller ventilation inception depends on different parameters, i.e., propeller loading, forward speed, and the distance from the propeller to the free surface, see e.g., Smogeli (2006); Koushan (2006a-c); Kozlowska et al. (2009); Califano (2011); Jermy and Ho (2008); Hough and Ordway (1965); and Kozlowska and Steen (2010).
The effect of thyme (Thymus caucasicus) ethanol extract on Varroa mite (Varroa destructor), an ectoparasite mite of Apis mellifera meda (Hym: Apidae)
Authors: Rahimi Ataollah , Khoram Del Yaser , Moradpour Farzad
Published: September 2017

Chemical control of the Varroa mite (Varroa destructor), which is one of the most important pests of honey bees, is practiced on a worldwide scale. However, because of abundant use of different acaricides, the mites have become resistant to many of them. We chose to apply non-synthetic chemicals for control of Varroa mites by using thyme (Thymus caucasicus) ethanol extract on honey bees. In September-October 2013, we collected wild thyme growing in Kurdistan mountains, ground it, and its ethanol extract was made by using 95% ethylic alcohol. We used a randomized complete design with ten treatments of different concentrations of ethanol extract of thyme as a statistical model and one control with pure 95% ethanol with four replications. The interior temperature of the brood chamber was measured to be 30 ± 1°C, and the ambient temperature surrounding them was 33 ± 2°C. We sprayed the extracted thyme solution on honey bees and counted the number of dead mites by picking them out from the bottom board of each hive at every 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h intervals after spraying. The results showed that the use of the thyme extract influenced significantly the percentage of mortality of dead mites in the extract-sprayed treatment and the control treatment. The percentage of mortality of the honey bees in control hives and the honey bees treated by thyme ethanol extract did not have a significant difference. Results of our experiment using ethanol extract of thyme showed that its use in hives was safe without a high risk of mortality for honey bees.
Activity and isoenzyme composition of peroxidase in the vegetative organs of Japanese quince under steppe zone conditions
Authors: Prisedsky Yuriy , Kabar Anatoliy , Lykholat Yuriy , Martynova Nadezhda , Shupranova Larysa
Published: September 2017

Parameters of peroxidase complex are indicators of the adaptable processes which are taking place in plants under the environment influence. In this work the general activity dynamics and peroxidase isoenzyme composition in vegetative organs of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles Lindl.) were studied. The four species introduced in a steppe zone of Ukraine were researched: Ch. japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Ch. speciosa (Sweet) Nak., Ch. cathayensis (Hemsl.) Schneid., Ch. × superba (Frahm) Red.). It was determined that the enzyme activity of these species possesses specific features subject to the phases of seasonal development and in response to the action of the hydrothermal stress. The highest enzyme activity in the period of intensive growth and flowering, with a subsequent sharp drop towards the middle of summer and further smoother decrease during the phase of physiological rest were observed in the leaves of Ch. speciosa and Ch. cathayensis. A higher peroxidase activity was a characteristic of Ch. japonica and Ch. × superba in the middle of the vegetative period, which can be considered a display of adaptation processes in the conditions of an unfavourable hydrothermal regime. The dynamics of changes in the quantitative composition of isoperoxidases was similar to the dynamics of enzyme activity. As a result of the generalization of the obtained data it is possible to consider that Ch. japonica and Ch. × superba are the steadiest in the conditions of the region.
Indices de l’enfance et de la filiation dans les écrits ethnographiques de Gabriel Sagard
Authors: Paré François , Reilly Sarah
Published: September 2017

Cet article se penche sur les conceptions de l’enfance et de l’adolescence dans les chapitres XII et XIII duGrand Voyage du pays des Huronsde Gabriel Sagard. Dès l’arrivée en Huronie, la rencontre du récollet, accueilli par ses hôtes wendats comme un « fils », s’effectue sur le mode de la proximité familiale. Et c’est cette relation idéalisée père/mère/enfant et son image transposée par Sagard dans le portrait singulier du village autochtone qui forment la substance de notre lecture des propos de Sagard sur l’enfance et la filiation. Interprétés dans le contexte plus général de la France du XVIIesiècle, les propos ethnographiques du missionnaire témoignent de son ambivalence devant la cohésion exemplaire de la famille wendate, dont il rend compte en détail dans ses descriptions de la petite enfance, et sa dissolution morale au moment où garçons et filles atteignent l’adolescence. Incapable de saisir la centralité de la transmission orale de la coutume et du savoir chez ses hôtes, Sagard en conclut que, dépourvue d’un patrimoine culturel légitime, transmissible par l’écriture, la société wendate sera par ce principe même amenée à s’éteindre.
Le Premier établissement de la foy, une oeuvre collective supervisée ? Étude de la réécriture d’un passage de l’Histoire du Canada
Authors: Broué Catherine
Published: September 2017

L’analyse de la réécriture d’un passage de l’Histoire du Canada (1634) dans Premier établissement de la foy (1691) permet d’éclairer la genèse de ce dernier ouvrage où le souci de la précision paraît inféodé à ses enjeux rhétoriques, polémiques et idéologiques. Par cette réécriture qui change radicalement non pas la lettre, mais l’esprit de l’Histoire du Canada, Premier établissement de la foy s’affirme comme un ouvrage collectif auquel plusieurs récollets auraient contribué et dont le manuscrit Histoire chronologique de la Nouvelle France est tout autant, sur le plan génétique, une source tierce − comme le sont le manuscrit Memorial et l’ouvrage Histoire chronologique de la province des Récollets de Paris de Hyacinthe Lefebvre − qu’un état antérieur. Ces constats raffinent notre compréhension de ce texte en élargissant, nous semble-t-il, l’enjeu du Premier établissement de la foy qui paraît dépasser le seul débat Jésuites-Récollets dominant le chapitre XVbis.
Charlevoix, lecteur de Sagard
Authors: Poirier Guy
Published: September 2017

Dans son article, Guy Poirier analyse la façon dont Pierre-François-Xavier de Charlevoix perçoit, dans sonHistoire et description générale de la Nouvelle Franceet dans sonJournal de voyage, l’oeuvre du récollet Gabriel Sagard. Il étudie également le scepticisme démontré par le jésuite Charlevoix face aux contributions des Récollets à l’évangélisation et à la colonisation de la Nouvelle-France. Il commente finalement quelques emprunts effectués par le jésuite à l’oeuvre de Sagard.
Gabriel Sagard dans les histoires du Canada après la Conquête : une réception ambivalente
Authors: Girard Stéphanie
Published: September 2017

Cet article examine la réception de l’oeuvre de Gabriel Sagard et l’importance accordée aux premières missions récollettes dans les histoires du Canada publiées après la Conquête. Au XIXe siècle, les historiens anticléricaux, tant anglophones que francophones, peu intéressés par les tentatives d’évangélisation des nations autochtones, ignorent l’oeuvre du récollet. Au contraire, les intellectuels clérico-conservateurs placent les missions au centre d’une reconstitution de l’épopée mystique des commencements de la Nouvelle-France. Ils puisent largement dans l’Histoire du Canada(1636), tout comme les historiens défenseurs du terroir qui magnifient la figure de Louis Hébert. Ce n’est qu’au milieu du XXe siècle, cependant, que la valeur ethnographique de la description des Hurons proposée par Sagard dans sonGrand Voyage(1632) sera reconnue.
Esthétique de la pourriture
Authors: Krück Marie-Pierre
Published: September 2017

La pourriture, de l’Antiquité jusqu’au XIXe siècle, est d’abord un problème moral et religieux parce qu’elle met en question la transcendance de l’homme. Sous l’Ancien Régime, l’intervention de la médecine et la production d’un discours qui neutralise le processus, en le fondant scientifiquement, permettront à la pourriture de sortir du cadre religieux. Mais cette entreprise de neutralisation par la science est ardue parce que la putréfaction a un statut sémiotique particulier. Au XIXe siècle, par le biais de l’esthétique, la pourriture retrouve la transcendance perdue. Le XXe siècle marque un nouveau tournant alors que la putréfaction s’ouvre désormais à des visées politiques.
Ouidah – Bahia : de la postmémoire au théâtre mémoriel
Authors: Chemla Yves
Published: September 2017

Dans les trois romans étudiés (Le Vice-roi de Ouidah de Bruce Chatwin, Esclaves de Kangni Alem et Les Fantômes du Brésil de Florent Couao-Zotti), le traitement du conflit de mémoire vise à dénouer des fils particulièrement embrouillés dans un récit qui fait la part belle à l’émotion ainsi qu’au ressentiment, au détriment du souci de la vérité. Les deux premiers romans proposent un récit de la transmission depuis le point de vue de certains de ses acteurs : un négrier célèbre, De Souza, dit Chacha, et un esclave, autrefois proche du roi d’Abomey, qui parvient à rentrer de Bahia. Ils remettent en cause les mythifications diverses dont ces histoires ont été l’objet. Le troisième se situe à l’époque contemporaine et montre ce qu’il advient des êtres dès lors que ces mythifications anciennes perdurent et qu’elles fonctionnent comme des leurres qui empêchent les sociétés de se confronter à la réalité.
Damas et le Brésil
Authors: Pestre de Almeida Lilian
Published: September 2017

Où l’on découvre Damas, le poète guyanais, plus intéressé par les Indiens que par les Noirs et, pour tout dire, un peu perdu dans la complexité du monde brésilien.
Saudades : le Brésil de Sony Labou Tansi
Authors: Martin-Granel Nicolas
Published: September 2017

Dans sa trajectoire géopoétique, Sony Labou Tansi a donné au Brésil une place cruciale, à la croisée de sa posture (sa « gueule ») de riposte au « dialogue Nord-Sourd », des réalités de son « ventre » tropical, et de ses rêves d’espace hétérotopique. Ce tropisme brésilien emprunte le « mot de passe » emblématique de saudades à la correspondance que Sony échange avec Sonia (d’Almeida) à la suite de leur rencontre à Lomé en avril1982. La même année, à Paris, Sony fait une seconde rencontre décisive, avec le poète Thiago de Mello dont il fera son « père » amazonien, après avoir découvert en Sonia une « soeur » brésilienne. En remontant le cours des saudades, le Brésil, si proche par sa littérature, sa forêt et son fleuve luxuriants, lui apparaît comme le vrai pays « de rechange », qui vient (re)prendre la place du Royaume Kongo. Renouant avec ces premières visions, les lettres à Sonia, les poèmes à Thiago et le dernier roman posthume cherchent à reconnecter « les géographies de la peur », à défaut de combler le trou de l’Histoire.
Notch/Her12 signalling modulates, motile/immotile cilia ratio downstream of Foxj1a in zebrafish left-right organizer
Authors: Tavares Barbara , Jacinto Raquel , Sampaio Pedro , Pestana Sara , Pinto Andreia , Vaz Andreia , Roxo-Rosa Mónica , Gardner Rui , Lopes Telma , Schilling Britta , Henry Ian , Saúde Leonor , Lopes Susana Santos
Published: September 2017

Foxj1a is necessary and sufficient to specify motile cilia. Using transcriptional studies and slow-scan two-photon live imaging capable of identifying the number of motile and immotile cilia, we now established that the final number of motile cilia depends on Notch signalling (NS). We found that despite all left-right organizer (LRO) cells express foxj1a and the ciliary axonemes of these cells have dynein arms, some cilia remain immotile. We identified that this decision is taken early in development in the Kupffer’s Vesicle (KV) precursors the readout being her12 transcription. We demonstrate that overexpression of either her12 or Notch intracellular domain (NICD) increases the number of immotile cilia at the expense of motile cilia, and leads to an accumulation of immotile cilia at the anterior half of the KV. This disrupts the normal fluid flow intensity and pattern, with consequent impact on dand5 expression pattern and left-right (L-R) axis establishment.