bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adequacy of Histopathology Reports Representing Oncologic Resection Specimens: An Experience of Reporting Practice in Rural India
Authors: Bansal Saloni , Sali Akash Pramod , Sancheti Sankalp , Somal Puneet Kaur , Khandelwal Sachin , Goel Alok Kumar , Kapoor Rakesh
Published: February 2022

Context.—

The histopathology reporting practice in rural areas is largely variable. To ensure the adequacy of histopathology reports (HPRs), the College of American Pathologists (CAP) has developed cancer reporting checklists.

Objective.—

To assess the adequacy of resection specimen HPRs received from outside centers for a second opinion. Further, the adequacy of breast resection HPRs from these centers was compared with that of our center. Additionally, the reports representing endometrial carcinoma were assessed for impact on the treatment decision.

Design.—

This was a retrospective study conducted from June 2015 to December 2019. HPRs from outside centers and our institute were analyzed for mandatory reporting elements as per CAP 2013 checklists.

Results.—

A total of 730 HPRs (558 outside HPRs and 172 in-house breast HPRs) were reviewed for completeness. The outside HPRs were complete in 42 of 558 cases (7.5%). Only 11 of 143 reports (7.7%) from the academic centers were complete. Seventeen of 249 outside breast HPRs (6.8%) were complete, whereas predominant (n = 123 of 172; 71.5%) in-house breast HPRs were adequate. Most outside endometrial carcinoma reports (60.8%; n = 28 of 46) were inadequate with potential impact on the adjuvant treatment, whereas 10 of 46 reports (21.7%) were inadequate and had an actual impact on the adjuvant treatment decision.

Conclusions.—

Minimal data set reporting using checklists is not yet widely operational in most rural laboratories. We call for continuous education and sensitization of the practicing pathologists, oncopathology education of the trainees, and regulatory standards for signing out an oncopathology report.
Os sinais de pontuação e o texto acadêmico-argumentativo: uma intervenção pedagógica sobre a escrita de estudantes de Pedagogia a distância
Authors: De Castro Rafael Fonseca , Damiani Magda Floriana
Published: February 2022

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado que investigou a evolução da escrita de estudantes de Pedagogia a distância de uma universidade do sul do Brasil. Sua relevância ancora-se nos resultados alarmantes, relativos ao uso/domínio da escrita entre universitários brasileiros, o que preocupa, especialmente, nos casos de futuras professoras da Educação Básica. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo intervenção pedagógica: investigação que envolve o planejamento e a implementação de interferências, ou seja, mudanças, inovações pedagógicas destinadas a produzir avanços/aprimoramentos em processos educacionais, e a avaliação dos seus efeitos. Durante sete semestres, foram realizadas atividades pedagógicas sistematizadas e minucioso acompanhamento interventivo em textos de três acadêmicas, adotando, como base teórico-metodológica, a Teoria Histórico-Cultural, em diálogo com a Linguística Textual e dicas sobre pontuação de Noah Lukeman. Para o recorte aqui apresentado, foram utilizados os dados coletados via análise documental, dos textos das acadêmicas, em termos linguísticos e gramaticais, destacando os resultados relativos ao uso da pontuação. Escritores menos experientes tendem a não usar sinais de pontuação adequadamente, gerando ambiguidades e períodos demasiadamente longos, constituídos por orações mal conectadas. Tal tendência, somada à virgulação incorreta e inadequada, prejudica a interpretação dos textos por eles escritos. Mesmo as três acadêmicas ainda apresentando períodos demasiado longos e uso equivocado de vírgulas, em seus Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso (último texto escrito no curso de Pedagogia), foi notória a diminuição dessas deficiências, sendo possível inferir que as intervenções contribuíram para a melhoria dos textos.
Serbia: The country of basketball
Authors: Jakovljević Saša , Mandić Radivoj
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to analyse descriptive and causal factors of basketball development in Serbia, particularly following the country's independence (2006) to this day. The paper presents the development path of "the game under two elevated hoops", since its arrival to Belgrade in the 1920s, through the challenges and successes in various state communities, since the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (1918-1929), the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929-1945), the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945-1992), the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992-2003), the State of Union of Serbia and Montenegro (2003-2006), to the Republic of Serbia. The paper shows the participation in the Yugoslav basketball, as well as the events that marked the period of full independence of the Republic of Serbia. The results of the national teams are shown, including the contribution of the national basketball organization .The analysis has included the condition of senior and age categories, coach and referee organizations. Serbian basketball has shown originality in creating Yugoslav basketball, with continuing to be successful also in the independent country, which gives credibility and justifies the marketing and promotional campaigns of the national basketball federation that Serbia is the country of basketball.
Wrestling: Serbian Olympic value
Authors: Kasum Goran
Published: February 2022

Wrestling in Serbia has a long tradition and has had considerable accomplishments. According to the number of medals won at the Olympic Games, wrestling is the most successful sport in Serbia. The continuity of medal winning at big wrestling competitions was interrupted with the imposition of sanctions to SR Yugoslavia (1992). After the crisis that was conditioned by sport sanctions, a new 'golden age of wrestling' in Serbia started in 2007. Since then wrestlers have won 30 medals in senior category and 17 in pioneer, cadet, junior and young senior categories, at the major international championships. The wrestling club 'Partizan' triumphed in the Champion League. The key factors to the success were young talented wrestlers, development of coaching structure, organization of international competitions, financing the highest results by the state and the national Olympic committee, but also the activity and leadership of a sport official Nenad Lalović. It is natural to expect the continuity of success to be maintained, and one priority in the following period ought to be a construction of a national wrestling training centre, which would enable continuous practice, expansion of the wrestling base, implementation of scientific monitoring methods, formulation and dissemination of training methods.
Market basket analysis of administrative patterns data of consumer purchases using data mining technology
Authors: Samboteng Lukman , Rulinawaty R , Rachmat Kasmad , Basit Mutmainnah , Rahim Robbi
Published: February 2022

Food is the ingredient that enables people to grow, develop, and achieve. For this reason, food quality and types of food must be considered so that they are safe for consumption and managed. Some plant-based foodstuffs are often processed and consumed by the community, even the most needed in food processing. In this case, the research was carried out using data mining with market basket analysis algorithms to obtain very valuable information to decide the inventory of the type of material needed. Market Based Analysis method is used to analyze all data and create patterns for each data. One method of Market Based Analysis in question is the association rule with a priori algorithm. This algorithm produces sales transactions with strong associations between items in the transaction which are used as sales recommendations that help users (owners) get recommendations when users see details of the itemset purchased. From the results of the trials in this study, it was found that the greater the minimum support (minsup) and minimum confidence (minconf), the less time it takes to produce recommendations and the fewer recommendations are given, but the recommendations given come from transactions that often appear.
Perioperative disseminated intravascular coagulation following the surgery of abdominal aorta aneurysmal disease
Authors: Ranković-Ničić Ljiljana , Strugarević Evgenija , Tanasković Slobodan , Čalija Branko , Bajčetić Danica , Babić Srđan , Sotirović Vuk , Matić Predrag , Gajin Predrag , Popov Petar , Jocić Dario , Jovanović Predrag , Jovanović Marijana , Vučurević Goran , Ilijevski Nenad , Nenezić Dragoslav , Jović Miodrag , Radak Đorđe
Published: February 2022

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) represents a pathological activation of coagulation (blood clotting) mechanisms that happens in response to a variety of diseases. Diseases of the blood vessels, such as aorta aneurysmal disease, could also cause local activation of coagulation. We report a case of DIC in a patient after the surgery of abdominal aorta aneurysm. 64-year-old woman was admitted to the Clinic for vascular surgery for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of abdominal aorta aneurysm. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography verified abdominal aorta aneurysm 5.2 cm in diameter with significant aortoiliac stenosis and thereby aneurysm resection with aortobifemoral reconstruction was indicated. The operation went uneventfully but after completed reconstruction and declamping thrombosis of both limbs of Y graft was verified. Immediate bilateral thrombectomy was performed with the blood being sent for detailed analysis that revealed the presence of DIC. Regular monitoring of hemostatic parameters (coagulation factors, platelet function and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM)) enabled timely substitution and administration of anticoagulant therapy during and after surgery. On the 9th postoperative day the patient was discharged in good general condition. Forty days after surgery, the patient feels good with lower limbs vascularization well preserved. Early recognition of disseminated intravascular coagulation during the surgery by attending vascular surgeon, in cooperation with transfusiology center, is of great importance for well-timed detection and treatment of DIC and preventing serious and potentially lethal hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications in these patients.
A modern approach to a geriatric patient: Half a century of geriatric medicine in Serbia
Authors: Despotović Nebojša , Milićević Živana , Davidović Mladen , Dimković Nada , Dimković Siniša , Beljić-Živković Teodora , Erceg Predrag , Milošević Dragoslav
Published: February 2022

What is specific about the modern approach to geriatric patients? First of all, it is the approach to elderly patients, whose primary target is not a particular disease or the treatment of a system of organs, but the treatment of the entire person. If our interdisciplinary team's knowledge and efforts do result in healing an elderly person, we do not consider ourselves successful unless there is a complete recovery or, in other words, unless the elderly patient is back on their feet. The modern approach to geriatric patients is based on 50 - year experience in clinical work with elderly patients, as well as on fundamental science, but it also applies current trends in the treatment of common diseases (e.g. the final stage of renal disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes). Finally, the approach is completed with specificities in treating elderly patients - i.e. focus on iatrogenesis and the application of geriatric assessment in everyday geriatric practice.
The role of the carotid database in prospective survey of patients with carotid atherosclerosis unsuitable for surgical or endovascular treatment
Authors: Radak Đorđe , Tanasković Slobodan , Babić Srđan , Sotirović Vuk , Gajin Predrag , Jocić Dario , Matić Predrag , Jovanović Predrag , Lozuk Branko , Vučurević Goran , Nenezić Dragoslav , Popov Petar , Sretenović Saša , Ilijevski Nenad
Published: February 2022

Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) comparing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) provide the key data in appropriate treatment of carotid atherosclerosis. Still further survey of patients' not meeting inclusion criteria or patients' unsuitable for randomization is not mentioned during the follow up and thus seriously impairing the message these trials are sending to the world medical community. The answer to this question can be obtained from specially created carotid databases (CDB) that include all patients diagnosed and treated for carotid atherosclerosis. Besides preoperative characteristics, CDB includes all the details regarding diagnostic (ultrasound, CT angiography) and interventional (CEA or CAS) procedures in each included patient. In addition to this valuable material, CDB provides very important information about the patients during the follow-up and especially the patients who were not treated by any interventional procedure (CEA or CAS). The results of further treatment and follow up of patients' unsuitable for the CEA or CAS are needed to give 'real-world' answer which of the two procedures is superior to another in the treatment of carotid atherosclerosis. Specially created carotid databases could give the answers to this specific question.
Required capabilities of a high-explosive projectile for active protection systems
Authors: Bogdanov Jovica , Chabane Anas
Published: February 2022

Concept of an active protection system on combat vehicles with high-explosive fragmentation interceptor projectile is presented in this paper. Development process and characteristics of the active protection system are highly dependent on performance characteristics of an interceptor projectile. The interceptor projectile generating frontal spray of steel spherical fragments was considered. The research on design features of contemporary rocket-propelled anti-tank projectiles was done in order to define required capabilities of the projectile for active protection systems. Vulnerability of an anti-tank projectile was analyzed according to its dimensions and design of main subsystems. Representative models of different types of anti-tank projectiles were considered for vulnerability assessment. Results of minimal fragment number density and minimal impact velocity are presented and the most significant conclusions are made.
A thematic analysis of students' perceptions and experiences of bullying in UK higher education
Authors: Harrison Emma D. , Hulme Julie A. , Fox Claire L.
Published: February 2022

Bullying in higher education (HE) has been relatively under-researched; despite its likely prevalence and impact on student wellbeing there is scant understanding of students’ lived experiences of bullying. We conducted online and physical focus groups with UK HE students (40 undergraduates from 17 UK universities, mean age: 22), exploring their perceptions and experiences of bullying at university. Thematic analysis was used to identify key issues, specifically 1) the importance of a power imbalance and perpetuation of existing systemic inequality in a HE context; 2) bullying in HE is motivated by attainment of social and personal gains; 3) the tactics used to bully in HE resemble those seen in other contexts, but may be more nuanced; 4) bullying can be minimised and justified within HE, leading to its continued prevalence. We conclude that HE bullying shares features in common with school and workplace bullying, and with sexual harassment. However, further research is needed to accurately define and conceptualise bullying in this unique context. HE providers should consider attending to issues of power and inequality within their bullying and harassment policies. They should also ensure there is clear information and guidance to prevent and reduce bullying in universities.
The importance of awareness, acceptance, and alignment with the self: A framework for understanding self-connection
Authors: Klussman Kristine , Curtin Nicola , Langer Julia , Nichols Austin Lee
Published: February 2022

We provide a theoretical framework for what it means to be self-connected and propose that self-connection is an important potential contributor to a person’s well-being. We define self-connection as consisting of three components: 1) an awareness of oneself, 2) an acceptance of oneself based on this awareness, and 3) an alignment of one’s behavior with this awareness. First, we position the concept within the broader self literature and provide the empirical context for our proposed definition of self-connection. We next compare and contrast self-connection to related constructs, including mindfulness and authenticity. Following, we discuss some of the potential relationships between self-connection and various aspects of mental health and well-being. Finally, we provide initial recommendations for future research, including potential ways to promote self-connection. In all, we present this theory to provide researchers with a framework for understanding self-connection so that they can utilize this concept to better support the efforts of researchers and practitioners alike to increase individuals’ well-being in various contexts.
Characterization method of ionization chamber type detectors
Authors: Pibida L , Minniti R , McCord M
Published: February 2022

A wide variability in accuracy exists among commercial radiation detection instruments used to measure exposure rate or ambient dose equivalent rate. These instruments are used to measure both the radiation background and the radiation field produced by radioactive sources that are used to test other types of radiation detection systems against different consensus document standards. These instruments are used as reference instruments. This document provides information and recommendations on how to characterize ionization chambers including high pressure ionization chambers (HPIC) and unsealed standard ionization chambers.
$\lambda$-quiddité sur $\mathbb{Z}[\alpha]$ avec $\alpha$ transcendant
Authors: Mabilat Flavien
Published: February 2022

Dans le cadre de l'étude des frises de Coxeter, M. Cuntz a introduit la notion de $\lambda$-quiddité irréductible. L'objectif de cette note est de lister toutes les $\lambda$-quiddités irréductibles sur l'anneau $\mathbb{Z}[\alpha]$ dans le cas où $\alpha$ est un nombre complexe transcendant.
Effect of ion irradiation on thermal conductivity of phosphorene and underlying mechanism
Authors: Zheng Cui-Hong , Yang Jian , Xie Guo-Feng , Zhou Wu-Xing , Ouyang Tao ,   Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China,   School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
Published: February 2022

Defects produced by ion irradiation can effectively modulate many physical properties of phosphorene. In this paper, the molecular dynamics method is used to simulate the ion irradiation process of phosphorene. The relations between the formation probability of defects and the energy of incident ions, ion species and incident angle of ions are revealed. The non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation is used to calculate the thermal conductivity of irradiated phosphorene. The effects of the energy of ions, the irradiation dose, the type of ions and the incident angle of ions on the thermal conductivity of phosphorene are systematically investigated. The influence of the vacancies on the phonon participation rate of phosphorene is studied by lattice dynamics method, and the spatial distribution of localized modes is demonstrated. According to the quantum-mechanical perturbation theory and bond relaxation theory, we point out that the dominant physical mechanism of vacancy defects which significantly reduce the thermal conductivity of phosphorene is the strong scattering of phonons by the low-coordinated atoms near the vacancies. This study provides a theoretical basis for tuning the heat transport properties of phosphorene by defect engineering.
Prospective Study of Food Chain Mold Contamination in Rabat City
Authors: Iken Maryem , Aloui Noufissa , Boumhil Leila , Naoui Hafida , Lmimouni Badr
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Contamination by molds is a major public health problem and a real danger for both humans and animals due to the synthesis of toxic metabolites (Mycotoxins) during their proliferation in foods of plant or animal origin.Their effects on health are very harmful and can go as far as death in the event of heavy contamination. Prolonged exposure to low doses can cause several pathologies including nephropathies, cancers, liver damage, hemorrhagic syndromes, and immunological and neurological disorders. Material, Methods and Results: In this work, the contamination of Moroccan foodstuffs with mycotoxins was studied. A total of 22 samples: 13 samples of spices, 7 samples of coffee, 1 sample of tea and 1 sample of chocolate, were purchased from different popular markets of Rabat. Mycological study of 22 of these samples showed a large number of fungal contaminants resulting in a 100% contamination of all our samples Among them, it indicates the presence of the principal genus implicated in the production of mycotoxins: Aspergillus spp (77% Penicillium spp (18%), and Mucor (90%). Detection of mycotoxins is performed by LC-MSMS. The results showed a variation in levelsof aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A, without exceeding the maximum limits set by Moroccan regulations. Conclusion: The prevention of contamination of raw materials and the development of molds implies respect for good farming practices and storage conditions for food products. Risk management is the responsibility of governments and require total respect of international recommendations to reduce the impact on the economy and health population.
Genome-wide evolution and expression analysis of the MYB-CC gene family in Brassica spp.
Authors: Gu Bin-Jie , Tong Yi-Kai , Wang You-Yi , Zhang Mei-Li , Ma Guang-Jing , Wu Xiao-Qin , Zhang Jian-Feng , Xu Fan , Li Jun , Ren Feng
Published: February 2022

The MYB-CC family is a subtype within the MYB superfamily. This family contains an MYB domain and a predicted coiled-coil (CC) domain. Several MYB-CC transcription factors are involved in the plant’s adaptability to low phosphate (Pi) stress. We identified 30, 34, and 55 MYB-CC genes in Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, and Brassica napus, respectively. The MYB-CC genes were divided into nine groups based on phylogenetic analysis. The analysis of the chromosome distribution and gene structure revealed that most MYB-CC genes retained the same relative position on the chromosomes and had similar gene structures during allotetraploidy. Evolutionary analysis showed that the ancestral whole-genome triplication (WGT) and the recent allopolyploidy are critical for the expansion of the MYB-CC gene family. The expression patterns of MYB-CC genes were found to be diverse in different tissues of the three Brassica species. Furthermore, the gene expression analysis under low Pi stress revealed that MYB-CC genes may be related to low Pi stress responses. These results may increase our understanding of MYB-CC gene family diversification and provide the basis for further analysis of the specific functions of MYB-CC genes in Brassica species.
Towards the Elucidation of the Role of the Chloride Anion in Arterial Hypertension: Its Link with Oxidative Damage in the Kidney
Authors: Kouyoumdzian Nicolas , Kim Gabriel , Robbesaul Gabriel , Prince Paula , Puyó Ana M. , Fernández Belisario E. , Galleano Monica , Choi Marcelo
Published: February 2022

Background: In our laboratory, we have developed subcutaneous implants of carvedilol capable of maintaining stable concentrations of the β-blocker during 3 weeks. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo release and the cardioprotective efficacy of subcutaneous implants of carvedilol developed with poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) and Soluplus (SP) polymers in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: Twelve spontaneously hypertensive male rats (250-300 g) underwent placement of subcutaneous implant of PCL:SP 100:50 mg (control group, n=6) or carvedilol:PCL:SP (100mg:100mg:50mg) (carvedilol group, n=6), every 3 weeks. The plasma profile of each implant and its effect on systolic blood pressure (SBP) was evaluated for 62 days. At the end of treatment, echocardiographic parameters were determined, and direct SBP and direct mean blood pressure (MBP) were measured. Results: The group that received the implant containing 100 mg of carvedilol presented plasma concentrations of the drug in the range of 100- 500 ng/mL throughout 62 days of treatment, after which the SBP was 20 mmHg lower than in the control group (217±3 mm Hg vs. 237±6 mm Hg; p <0.05). Direct SBP and MNP were significantly lower in the treated group than in the control group. The implant loaded with carvedilol 100 mg reduced short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) in SHR compared with the control group. The echocardiographic parameters as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), shortening
Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells and cell‐free DNA in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Tombolan Lucia , Rossi Elisabetta , Binatti Andrea , Zin Angelica , Manicone Mariangela , Facchinetti Antonella , Lucchetta Silvia , Affinita Maria Carmen , Bonvini Paolo , Bortoluzzi Stefania , Zamarchi Rita , Bisogno Gianni
Published: February 2022

Liquid biopsy analysis represents a powerful and noninvasive tool to uncover biomarkers for disseminated disease assessment and longitudinal monitoring of patients. Herein, we explored the value of circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTC and DTC, respectively) and cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Peripheral blood and bone marrow samples were analyzed to detect and enumerate CTC and DTC, respectively. We used the epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM)‐based CellSearch platform coupled with an automatic device to collect both EpCAM‐positive and EpCAM‐low/negative CTCs. The standard assay was implemented, including the mesenchymal marker desmin. For selected cases, we molecularly profiled primary tumors and liquid biopsy biomarkers using whole‐exome sequencing and droplet digital PCR, respectively. RMS patients with metastatic disease had a significantly higher number of CTCs compared to those with localized disease, whereas DTCs were detected independently of disease presentation. The use of the desmin marker remarkably increased the identification of CTCs and DTCs in RMS samples. Of note, CTC clusters were detected in RMS patients with disseminated disease. Further, cfDNA and CTC molecular features closely reflected the molecular makeup of primary tumors and informed of disease course.
Jumping Motion Based on Momentum Optimization Control and Differential Dynamic Programming for a Multilocomotion Robot
Authors: Liu Guoshuai , Lu Zhiguo , Wang Ruchao , Zhao Haibin , Liu Chong , Shi Xinhao
Published: February 2022

Jumping motion is an indispensable motion mode for a multilocomotion robot, which will improve the crossing ability of the robot. This paper proposes a novel jumping control scheme for an MLR to perform jumping motion. The control strategy divides the whole jumping motion into three phases: the launch phase, the flight phase, and the landing phase. In the launch and landing phases, the controller is designed based on the centroid dynamics. By controlling the centroid momentum, the robot can achieve the desired centroid trajectory to obtain the initial take‐off speed in the launch phase and to maintain stability and reduce impact in the landing phase. In the flight phase, Differential Dynamic Programming algorithm is used to adjust the posture of the robot to further improve the jumping height and prepare for a smooth landing. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated through simulations.
Heterostructure from PbS Quantum Dot and Carbon Nanotube Inks for High‐Efficiency Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Bederak Dmytro , Shulga Artem , Kahmann Simon , Talsma Wytse , Pelanskis Jokūbas , Dirin Dmitry N. , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Loi Maria A.
Published: February 2022

Light‐emitting field‐effect transistors (LEFETs) are emerging optoelectronic devices able to display simultaneously electrical switching as transistors and electroluminescence emission as light emitting diodes. Lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) allow achieving light emission in a very broad spectral range, covering the near‐infrared (NIR) and the short‐wavelength infrared (SWIR) regions, which cannot be reached with other solution‐processable materials. Therefore, the use of lead chalcogenide CQDs as active layer in LEFETs opens the possibility for very narrow and switchable light sources in the NIR and SWIR range. The recently reported, first fully solid‐state lead chalcogenide (PbS) CQD based LEFET shows an electroluminescence (EL) quantum efficiency of 1.3 × 10−5 at room temperature and of about 1% below 100 K. To overcome the limits of a previous report, an active material comprising two sequentially deposited layers is designed, the first of PbS CQDs displaying n‐type transport and the second of polymer‐wrapped semiconducting carbon nanotubes displaying p‐type dominated transport. With this double layer system, LEFETs displaying a well‐balanced ambipolar transport, charge carrier mobility of about 0.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 for both electrons and holes, and EL external quantum efficiency reaching 1.2 × 10−4 at room temperature are obtained.
Acid–base transport model depicting the dynamic pH response of interfacial reactions
Authors: Yin Fengjun , Yang Xiaohui , Zheng Lei , Fang Ling , Wang Sha , Liu Hong
Published: February 2022

Acid–base transport is integral to many important interfacial reactions in various fields of chemistry, but its theoretical foundation is lacked. Herein, a common acid–base transport model is established owing to the success in deriving buffer transport equations. This model is applicable to most buffer systems by flexibly integrating the transport equations in terms of buffer components, and is verified through the model relationships of buffer transport limiting current by using hydrogen evolution reaction experiments. Based on model calculations, two diagram approaches are proposed to depict the dynamic pH response and aid buffer operation optimizations. The model and methods allow us to quantify the rate‐limiting effect of acid–base transport on interfacial reactions and to precisely control the effect through medium regulations. Furthermore, the model has laid the foundation of dynamic pH effect on species transformation and process mechanism, which can be of wide interest in the chemistry encompassing interfacial reactions.
Longitudinal association of biological maturation with physical activity behaviors in girls transitioning from 5th to 7th grade
Authors: Pate Russell R. , Dowda Marsha , Dishman Rod K. , Gorab Joseph , Bucko Agnes , Saunders Ruth P.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

This longitudinal study determined if social cognitive variables influence physical activity in girls stratified on the basis of maturity status.

Methods

Participants attended South Carolina public schools (Mage in 5th grade = 11.1 years) and included a cohort of 529 girls who provided physical activity data in the 5th grade and in 6th and/or 7th grade. The measure of maturity status was age at peak height velocity (APHV) estimated from maturity offset when the children were in the 5th grade. The Earlier Maturity (EM) group included girls whose APHV was one standard deviation or more below the mean APHV for the full sample. All other girls were placed in the Later Maturity (LM) group. Physical activity was assessed at each time point via accelerometry. Social‐cognitive variables were assessed at each time point by a questionnaire measuring self‐efficacy, enjoyment, competence, appearance, fitness, and social motives for physical activity. Growth curves for the total, Earlier Maturing, and Later Maturing groups assessed relationships between physical activity over time and time‐varying social cognitive variables.

Results

Physical activity was lower in the Earlier Maturing group and was positively associated with self‐efficacy and enjoyment motivation in the total group. These relationships were observed in the 5th grade and maintained through 7th grade. In the Later Maturing group, we observed positive relationships between physical activity and self‐efficacy, enjoyment and competence motivation.

Conclusions

Strategies to increase confidence, skills, and enjoyment of physical activity may only be effective for promoting activity among later maturing girls.
The apathy, gait impairment, and executive dysfunction (AGED) triad vascular variant
Authors: Hachinski Vladimir , Finger Elizabeth , Pieruccini‐Faria Frederico , Montero‐Odasso Manuel
Published: February 2022

Apathy, gait disturbances, and executive dysfunction (AGED) often occur together. Although they can arise independently, the presence of one might portend another. This recognition suggests the possible etiology. We focus on the most common, the vascular. We explain the AGED vascular mechanism through the ambibaric brain concept. The brain contains two complementary blood pressure systems: One high in the primitive brain (brainstem, basal ganglia, and thalamus) and a low‐pressure system in the Homo sapiens brain (cerebral hemispheres). Hypertension inflicts the most damage on the primitive brain. The frontal systems connect to the basal ganglia, then the thalamus and back to the cortex. Many connections converge on the primitive brain where they are damaged by vascular disease. We need methods of determining optimal, individual blood pressures. Although the AGED triad can result from other causes, it should first signal a vascular etiology, the most prevalent, treatable, and preventable one.
Sequentially immune‐induced antibodies could cross‐neutralize SARS‐CoV‐2 variants
Authors: Lv Qi , Zhou Shasha , Qi Feifei , Zhang Yaqing , Li Fengdi , Liu Mingya , Bao Linlin
Published: February 2022

Background

The Omicron (B.1.1.529) SARS‐COV‐2 variant has raised serious concerns because of its unprecedented rapid rate of spreading and the fact that there are 36 mutations in the spike protein. Since the vaccine‐induced neutralizing antibody targets are the spike protein, this may lead to the possibility of vaccine‐induced humoral immunity escape.

Methods

We measured the neutralizing activity in vitro for Omicron and compared this with wild type (WH‐09) and Delta variants in human and monkey sera from different types of immunity. The monkey sera samples were collected at 1 and 3 months post three‐dose inactivated (PiCoVacc) and recombinant protein (ZF2001) vaccination. Human sera were collected from 1 month post three‐dose inactivated vaccination.

Results

In inactivated vaccine sera, at 1/3 months post three‐dose, geometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralization antibody (NAb) against the Omicron variant were 4.9/5.2‐fold lower than those of the wild type. In recombinant protein vaccine sera, GMTs of NAb against Omicron were 15.7/8.9‐fold lower than those of the wild type. In human sera, at 1 month post three‐dose inactivated vaccination, GMTs of NAb against Omicron were 3.1‐fold lower than those of the wild type.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that despite a reduction in neutralization titers, cross‐neutralizing activity against Omicron and Delta variants was still observed after three doses of inactivated and recombinant protein vaccination.
Robotic‐Assisted Lumbar Fusion: An Effective Technique for Pedicle Screw Placement
Authors: Karasin Beth , Rizzo Gina , Hardinge Tara , Grzelak Monica , Eskuchen Lauren , Watkinson Johanna
Published: February 2022

Degenerative lumbar disease is a common condition in which progressive deterioration of the structures in the spine causes severely incapacitating pain and disability. Conservative management, including passive or active physical therapy, activity modification, and medications (eg, anti‐inflammatory medications, oral and injectable steroids, opioids), may provide relief. However, when conservative management is unsuccessful or patients experience symptoms for an extended period of time, they may require spine surgery. Surgeons use a variety of techniques to perform lumbar fusion procedures with instrumentation, including open, percutaneous, minimally invasive, and robotic‐assisted with navigation. The accuracy of pedicle‐screw placement varies according to the technique used, and accuracy rates are high after robotic‐assisted with navigation procedures. In addition, robotic‐assisted spine procedures result in fewer infections than non–robotic‐assisted spine procedures (P = .04). Perioperative nurses should understand basic lumbar spine anatomy, steps completed during robotic‐assisted lumbar spine surgery, and the nursing considerations for patients undergoing this type of procedure.
Clinical Issues—March 2022
Authors: Cahn Julie
Published: February 2022

THIS MONTH

Nursing scope of practice

Key words: state nurse practice act (NPA), state board of nursing, decision‐making framework, standards, guidance.

Practice of unlicensed perioperative personnel

Key words: job description, task delegation, unlicensed personnel, allied health care provider, scope of practice.

Definition of a cavity for counting procedures

Key words: anatomical hollow space, counting, cavity, retained surgical item (RSI), retained foreign object (RFO).

Identifying retained suture needles on radiographic images

Key words: suture needle size, suture needle length, radiographic imaging, counting procedures, count discrepancy.
The role of depressive symptoms between neighbourhood disorder, criminal justice contact, and suicidal ideation: Integrating an ecological stress model with General Strain Theory
Authors: Oh Gyeongseok , Connolly Eric J.
Published: February 2022

Background

While much literature has examined the independent effect of perceived neighbourhood disorder on criminal behaviour and/or mental disorder, comparatively little is known about the role of depressive symptoms on these associations over time.

Aims

Our aim was to examine whether depressive symptoms mediate association between perceived neighbourhood disorder, future criminal justice contact, and future suicidal ideation.

Methods

We grounded this research in primary arguments derived from General Strain Theory (GST). Data were drawn from structured self‐reports in surveys of over 2000 young adult participants from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, who are the offspring born to the women from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. Information on neighbourhood disorder and depressive symptoms were used from the 2012 data collection period, while information on criminal justice contact and suicidal ideation were drawn from the 2014 period. Structural equation modelling was used to examine both direct and indirect pathways between neighbourhood disorder, depression, contact with the justice system, and suicidal ideation from 2012 to 2014.

Results

Depressive symptoms were found to partially mediate the effect of perceived neighbourhood disorder on future criminal justice contact, with the strength of this effect varying across categories of race/ethnicity. The association between perceived neighbourhood disorder and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by depressive symptoms.

Conclusions and implications

Our findings are consistent with an ecological stress framework integrated with arguments from GST to understand the associations between neighbourhood disorder, criminal justice contact, and severe mental illness. Future research is needed on gender and racial/ethnic pathways. The reported findings suggest that, in addition to neighbourhood improvements, ready access to mental health services could not only reduce the risk of suicide but support safer communities.
Two cases of cardiac hemangioma in different anatomical locations presenting with chest pain and palpitation
Authors: Anbardar Mohammad H. , Soleimani Neda , Mohammadzadeh Sahand
Published: February 2022

Cardiac hemangiomas are benign, slow‐growing tumors among the most common soft tissue tumors in the human body. Surgical resection is highly recommended for cardiac hemangiomas in symptomatic patients. We report our cases with a review of the literature on cardiac hemangiomas.
Experimentelle Untersuchung der Tropfenkondensation am chemisch modifizierten Edelstahl‐Drallrohr
Authors: Dai Daokun , Kenig Eugeny Y. , Numrich Reiner
Published: February 2022

Um die Wärmeübertragung bei der Kondensation von Wasserdampf zu intensivieren, wurden neuartige Wärmeübertrager‐Rohre mit zweifachen Oberflächenmodifikationen entwickelt: Außenseitig wird das Rohr hydrophob beschichtet, um eine verbesserte Tropfenkondensation zu erzielen; innenseitig wird die Turbulenz durch den Einsatz eines Drallrohrs intensiviert. Das Kondensationsverhalten auf der Außenseite eines modifizierten Einzelrohrs wird experimentell untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine signifikante Intensivierung des Wärmeübergangs.
The linear Lasso: A location model approach
Authors: Fraser D. A. S. , Bédard Mylène
Published: February 2022

We use location model methodology to guide the least squares analysis in the Lasso problem of variable selection and inference. The nuisance parameter is taken to be an indicator for the selection of explanatory variables, and the interest parameter is the response variable itself. Recent theory eliminates the nuisance parameter by marginalization on the data space and then uses the resulting distribution for inference concerning the interest parameter. We develop this approach and find that primary inference is essentially one‐dimensional rather than n‐dimensional, inference focuses on the response variable itself rather than the least squares estimate (as variables are removed), computation is relatively easy, a scalar marginal model is available, and ineffective variables can be removed by distributional tilt or shift.
Abbreviated endocrine therapy duration for low estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer: The counter to extended endocrine therapy
Authors: Poterala Johanna E. , Wisinski Kari B.
Published: February 2022

Five years of adjuvant endocrine therapy is currently the standard approach for patients with breast cancers expressing hormone receptors, even for low‐expressing (1%‐10%) disease. The article in this issue by Cai et al indicates that a shorter course of endocrine therapy may be reasonable for low estrogen receptor‐expressing tumors, although further validation of these results is warranted.
Satisfaction with normative life domains and the course of anorexia nervosa
Authors: van Doornik Sanne F. W. , Ostafin Brian D. , Jonker Nienke C. , Glashouwer Klaske A. , de Jong Peter J.
Published: February 2022

Objective

Satisfaction with normative life domains has been proposed as an important factor in the persistence of anorexia nervosa (AN). Initial evidence from a cross‐sectional study indicated that individuals with AN reported lower satisfaction with normative life domains than individuals without an eating disorder. As an important next step in understanding causal relations, the present study used a longitudinal design to examine whether an improvement in AN symptoms is paralleled by an increase in satisfaction with normative life domains from baseline to follow‐up and whether relatively low satisfaction with normative life domains at baseline is related to less improvement in AN symptoms.

Methods

During baseline and at 1‐year follow‐up, adolescents with AN (N = 69) completed the Brief Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale to measure satisfaction with normative life domains (e.g., friendships, school experience). Furthermore, eating disorder symptoms and BMI were measured.

Results

Improvement in eating disorder symptoms, but not in BMI, was paralleled by an increase in satisfaction with normative life domains. Relatively low satisfaction with normative life domains at baseline was not prospectively related to less improvement in eating disorder symptoms or BMI at follow‐up.

Discussion

Our findings provide initial evidence that satisfaction with normative life domains is a malleable factor which fluctuates with symptom severity in AN. The results of this exploratory study point to the relevance of examining whether targeting satisfactory engagement with specific life domains optimizes treatment effectiveness.

Public Significance

We explored whether an improvement in anorexia nervosa symptoms from start of treatment to 1‐year follow‐up would be paralleled by an increase in satisfaction with normative life domains. Improvement in eating disorder symptoms (but not BMI) was indeed related to a concurrent increase in satisfaction with normative life domains. These preliminary results point to the promising possibility that targeting satisfactory engagement with specific life domains may potentially enhance treatment effectiveness.
Self‐regulation deficits moderate treatment outcomes in a clinical trial evaluating just‐in‐time adaptive interventions as an augmentation to cognitive‐behavioral therapy for bulimia‐spectrum eating disorders
Authors: Presseller Emily K. , Wilkinson Megan L. , Trainor Claire , Lampe Elizabeth W. , Juarascio Adrienne S.
Published: February 2022

Objective

Just‐in‐time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), momentary interventions delivered at identified times of risk, may improve skill utilization during cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT‐E) for bulimia‐spectrum eating disorders (BN‐EDs). JITAIs may be especially helpful for individuals with self‐regulation deficits, including emotion regulation deficits and elevated impulsivity.

Method

Participants (N = 55 with BN‐EDs) received 16 sessions of CBT‐E with electronic self‐monitoring and were randomized to receive JITAIs (JITAIs‐On) or not receive JITAIs (JITAIs‐Off). Baseline Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and UPPS‐P Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS‐P) total scores were examined as moderators of baseline to post‐treatment change in binge episodes, compensatory behaviors, and Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) global score using repeated measures ANOVAs.

Results

Emotion regulation difficulties significantly moderated compensatory behavior change (F[1, 51] = 4.31, p = .04, ηp2 = 0.08) such that individuals with emotion regulation deficits demonstrated greater improvements in the JITAIs‐On condition. Impulsivity moderated change in binge episodes (F[1, 51] = 8.94, p = .004, ηp2 = 0.15) and compensatory behaviors (F[1, 51] = 7.83, p = .007, ηp2 = 0.13), such that individuals with high impulsivity showed greater improvement in the JITAIs‐On condition. Neither DERS nor UPPS‐P scores moderated EDE global score change.

Discussion

JITAIs appear particularly beneficial for facilitating skill use during treatment for BN‐EDs for individuals with self‐regulation deficits, yielding improved treatment outcomes.

Public Significance Statement

Reminders to use therapy skills that are delivered via smartphone as an individual goes about their daily life may improve treatment response among individuals with bulimia nervosa who have difficulty coping with emotions or who tend to act impulsively. Results from this study indicate that individuals with these difficulties benefitted more from cognitive‐behavioral therapy when it was accompanied by in‐the‐moment reminders to use therapeutic skills, which may facilitate long‐term recovery.

Clinical Trials.gov Registration Number

NCT03673540.