bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2017 consensus of the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society on stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Chiang Chern‐En , Okumura Ken , Zhang Shu , Chao Tze‐Fan , Siu Chung‐Wah , Wei Lim Toon , Saxena Anil , Takahashi Yoshihide , Siong Teo Wee
Published: June 2017

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, causing a 2‐fold increase in mortality and a 5‐fold increase in stroke. The Asian population is rapidly aging, and in 2050, the estimated population with AF will reach 72 million, of whom 2.9 million may suffer from AF‐associated stroke. Therefore, stroke prevention in AF is an urgent issue in Asia. Many innovative advances in the management of AF‐associated stroke have emerged recently, including new scoring systems for predicting stroke and bleeding risks, the development of non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), knowledge of their special benefits in Asians, and new techniques. The Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) aimed to update the available information, and appointed the Practice Guideline sub‐committee to write a consensus statement regarding stroke prevention in AF. The Practice Guidelines sub‐committee members comprehensively reviewed updated information on stroke prevention in AF, emphasizing data on NOACs from the Asia Pacific region, and summarized them in this 2017 Consensus of the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society on Stroke Prevention in AF. This consensus includes details of the updated recommendations, along with their background and rationale, focusing on data from the Asia Pacific region. We hope this consensus can be a practical tool for cardiologists, neurologists, geriatricians, and general practitioners in this region. We fully realize that there are gaps, unaddressed questions, and many areas of uncertainty and debate in the current knowledge of AF, and the physician׳s decision remains the most important factor in the management of AF.
FOLSOM MAMMOTH HUNTERS? THE TERMINAL PLEISTOCENE ASSEMBLAGE FROM OWL CAVE (10BV30), WASDEN SITE, IDAHO
Authors: Henrikson L. Suzann , Byers David A. , Yohe Robert M. , DeCarlo Matthew M. , Titmus Gene L.
Published: June 2017

The 1960s and 1970s excavations at Owl Cave (10BV30) recovered mammoth bone and Folsom-like points from the same strata, suggesting evidence for a post-Clovis mammoth kill. However, a synthesis of the excavation data was never published, and the locality has since been purged from the roster of sites with human/extinct megafauna associations. Here, we present dates on bone from the oldest stratum, review provenience data, conduct a bone-surface modification study, and present the results of a protein-residue analysis. Our study fails to make the case for mammoth hunting by Folsom peoples. Although two of the point fragments tested positive for horse or elephant protein, recent AMS dates indicate that all of the mammoth remains predate Folsom, and horse remains are absent from the Owl Cave collection. Further, no unambiguously cultural surface modifications were identified on any of the mammoth remains. Given the available data, the Owl Cave deposits are most parsimoniously read as containing a Folsom-age occupation in a buried context, the first of its kind in the desert West, but one nonetheless part of a palimpsest of terminal Pleistocene materials.
A Missed Opportunity: The Public Investigation into the Conduct of the RCMP in Matters Involving Nicole (Ryan) Doucet
Authors: Chambers Lori , Verrelli Nadia
Published: June 2017

On July 13, 2013, the Commission for Public Complaints released the Report Following a Public Interest Investigation into the Conduct of RCMP Members in Nova Scotia in Respect to Matters Involving Nicole (Ryan) Doucet. After interviewing all parties involved and reviewing 25 incidences involving Ms. Doucet and Mr. Ryan, the Acting Commissioner, Ian McPhail, concluded the RCMP’s policy regarding violence in relationships “was followed at all times.” According to The Report, the RCMP did not fail to protect Ms. Doucet. These conclusions, however, seem to be at odds with the evidence presented in The Report. After discussing coercive control and reviewing R. v. Ryan, the paper analyses the Commission’s findings to argue that the evidence presented to the Commission clearly illustrates that police ignored Ms. Doucet’s repeated pleas for help. The Commissioner missed a real opportunity to review current RCMP policies on domestic violence to bring them in line with current and on-going research on coercive control.
Human Rights Rituals: Masking Neoliberalism and Inequality, and Marginalizing Alternative World Views
Authors: Larking Emma
Published: June 2017

The role played by ritual in the field of human rights has not been widely remarked or analysed. Here I argue that the triumph of human rights as the predominant language for making social justice claims in the international sphere is partly attributable to the power of certain linguistic and embodied rituals. I suggest that these rituals veil the material factors at stake when human rights are invoked internationally, obscuring the relationship between neoliberalism, material inequality, and human rights. I compare the vision of justice propounded through the rituals of human rights with that proposed by the peasants’ movement, Vía Campesina. Vía Campesina’s vision is grounded in material realities and confronts neoliberal policies head on. I consider how it unsettles the rituals of human rights, and whether it can be preserved in the form of a UN Declaration on the rights of peasants.
Avoiding the Vulva: Judicial Interpretations of Lesbian Sex Under the Divorce Act, 1968
Authors: Pearlston Karen
Published: June 2017

The Divorce Act, 1968, provided no-fault divorce for the first time. It also included a list of fault-based grounds for divorce. In addition to the traditional grounds, a spouse whose wife or husband had “engaged in a homosexual act” during the marriage could petition for divorce. This novel provision was aimed at giving husbands a way to divorce their lesbian wives. A close reading of the resulting jurisprudence and surrounding context shows not only that courts struggled to define the homosexual act between women, but also that the legal history of lesbian women differs from that of gay men in a number of respects. Notably, male homosexuality was regulated primarily through criminal law. In contrast, when parliamentarians specifically addressed lesbians, they turned their minds to the family and family law.
A quantitative interpretation of the frequent hypercyclicity criterion
Authors: ERNST ROMUALD , MOUZE AUGUSTIN
Published: June 2017

We give a quantitative interpretation of the frequent hypercyclicity criterion. Actually we show that an operator which satisfies the frequent hypercyclicity criterion is necessarily $A$-frequently hypercyclic, where $A$ refers to some weighted densities sharper than the natural lower density. In that order, we exhibit different scales of weighted densities that are of interest to quantify the ‘frequency’ measured by the frequent hypercyclicity criterion. Moreover, we construct an example of a unilateral weighted shift which is frequently hypercyclic but not $A$-frequently hypercyclic on a particular scale.
Hegel and Colonialism
Authors: Stone Alison
Published: June 2017

This article explores the implications of Hegel’s Philosophy of World History with respect to colonialism. For Hegel, freedom can be recognized and practised only in classical, Christian and modern Europe; therefore, the world’s other peoples can acquire freedom only if Europeans impose their civilization upon them. Although this imposition denies freedom to colonized peoples, this denial is legitimate for Hegel because it is the sole condition on which these peoples can gain freedom in the longer term. The article then considers whether Hegel’s basic account of freedom can be extricated from his Eurocentric and pro-colonialist interpretation of the course of history. The article argues that matters are more complicated because that interpretation has significant connections with Hegel’s conception of freedom as self-determination.
Indigenous African Jurisprudential Thoughts on the Concept of Justice: A Reconstruction Through Yoruba Proverbs
Authors: Arowosegbe Jacob O
Published: June 2017

The absence of writing in pre-colonial Africa has often befuddled indigenous African jurisprudential thoughts about law and related concepts. This article attempts a reconstruction of indigenous African jurisprudential thoughts on the concept of justice through a prescriptive exploration of Yoruba proverbs. This attempt reveals inter alia the reconciliatory and metaphysical nature and character of justice, as well as the goals of punishment and the character and nature of a desirable judicial system in African thoughts. While noting the artificiality of the categorizations adopted for the reconstruction, the author cautions that, although it may be necessary to compare the indigenous African conceptions of justice with similar postulations in western jurisprudence, the true value of the former lies in their proper understanding and appreciation within the indigenous African setting, as doing otherwise might lead to contradictions and absurdities.
Characterization of the complete nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences of Eurytrema pancreaticum
Authors: Su X. , Zhang Y. , Zheng X. , Wang X.X. , Li Y. , Li Q. , Wang C.R.
Published: June 2017

Eurytrema pancreaticum is one of the most common trematodes of cattle and sheep, and also infects humans occasionally, causing great economic losses and medical costs. In this study, the sequences of the complete nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeat units of five E. pancreaticum individuals were determined for the first time. They were 8306–8310 bp in length, including the small subunit (18S) rDNA, internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8S rDNA, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), large subunit (28S) rDNA and intergenic spacer (IGS). There were no length variations in any of the investigated 18S (1996 bp), ITS1 (1103 bp), 5.8S (160 bp), ITS2 (231 bp) or 28S (3669 bp) rDNA sequences, whereas the IGS rDNA sequences of E. pancreaticum had a 4-bp length variation, ranging from 1147 to 1151 bp. The intraspecific variations within E. pancreaticum were 0–0.2% for 18S rDNA, 0–0.5% for ITS1, 0% for 5.8S rDNA and ITS2, 0–0.2% for 28S rDNA and 2.9–20.2% for IGS. There were nine types of repeat sequences in ITS1, two types in 28S rDNA, but none in IGS. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S rDNA sequences classified E. pancreaticum in the family Dicrocoeliidae of Plagiorchiata, closely related to the suborder Opisthorchiata. These results provide useful information for the further study of Dicrocoeliidae trematodes.
A UK survey of current ENT practice in the assessment of nasal patency
Authors: Andrews P , Joseph J , Li C-H , Nip L , Jacques T , Leung T
Published: June 2017

Background:

Nasal obstruction is a common ENT complaint; however, decisions on its management are challenging, with high rates of dissatisfaction following surgery. This study investigated the practice of UK clinicians in the evaluation of nasal patency.

Method:

Seventy-eight UK-based rhinologists were surveyed at the 2015 British Academic Conference in Otolaryngology.

Results:

Clinical history and examination are almost universally used to evaluate nasal blockage. The most commonly used test was the nasal misting pattern (73 per cent), followed by peak nasal inspiratory flow (19 per cent). The Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 or 23 was utilised by 29 per cent of respondents. Sixty-three per cent of respondents reported that a lack of equipment was the principle reason for not using objective measures, followed by time constraints and a lack of correlation with symptom scores.

Conclusion:

British clinicians rely on clinical skills to evaluate nasal blockage. There is a desire for a simple, non-invasive device that objectively measures airflow for nasal breathing during physiological resting and correlates with subjective symptom scores.
A morphological and molecular study of Clinostomid metacercariae from African fish with a redescription of Clinostomum tilapiae
Authors: CAFFARA MONICA , LOCKE SEAN A. , ECHI PAUL C. , HALAJIAN ALI , BENINI DEBORAH , LUUS-POWELL WILMIEN J. , TAVAKOL SAREH , FIORAVANTI MARIA L.
Published: June 2017

The genus Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 (Digenea: Clinostomidae) has been reported in all ecozones of the world and a clear separation between the species of the ‘Old World’ and ‘New World’ has been recognized based on molecular studies. Recent works on Afrotropical species include redescriptions of C. cutaneum and C. phalacrocoracis, while C. tilapiae has yet to be studied using modern taxonomic approaches. In the present research, morphological redescription of C. tilapiae metacercariae from a new host, Synodontis batensoda sampled at Anambra River Basin, Nigeria, together with molecular analysis of nuclear internal transcribed spacer rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase 1 mtDNA are reported. We also provide morphological and molecular data from four further putative species of Clinostomum (morphotypes 1–4) from different areas of Africa, as well as the first report of C. phalacrocoracis in South Africa.
On some readings and interpretations in the Aramaic incantation bowls and related texts
Authors: Morgenstern Matthew , Ford James Nathan
Published: June 2017

This study takes a new look at a number of obscure passages in the Aramaic incantation bowls and related texts discussed in Christa Müller-Kessler's article “More on puzzling words and spellings in Aramaic incantation bowls and related texts”, published inBSOAS75/1, 2012, 1–31. Among the words discussed are ברזא ‘wild boar’, מנוביא ‘wailing’, מסחיפתא ‘overthrower (type of demon)’, ספסיפא ‘burning’ and פרהזני ‘protectors’, all new to the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic lexicon, ככא ‘tusk’ and תברי “‘broken’ sounds of theshofar(as a maleficent force)”, which show new meanings for previously attested lexemes, and the new plural form שולניתא ‘maidservants’. Additional evidence for the words or expressions פגיתא ‘attack (a type of demon)’, אידיורא ‘helper’ / אידיורותא ‘help’, חי חי מץ (a divine epithet), מרוביא (a type of demon), נירבא (a hard metal) and שיפורי ‘shofars(a type of demon)’ is also adduced and a preliminary edition of the magic bowl Nippur 12 N 387 is presented.
Social Groups and Synthesis inLondinium
Authors: Wallace Lacey
Published: June 2017

London is probably the best excavated and most systematically studied provincial capital in the Roman Empire and publications like these exemplify the high-quality outputs of MOLA and PCA. The first three site reports are the results of meticulous excavation driven by development but, nonetheless, analysed and interpreted within broad research aims. The fourth volume is the much-anticipated publication of wooden writing-tablets from the Bloomberg site.
MAINLAND COSMOPOLITANISM AND THE RISE OF PERSONAL PRESTIGE: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE COASTAL EARLY HELLADIC TOWN OF HELIKE, NORTH-WEST PELOPONNESE, GREECE
Authors: Katsonopoulou Dora , Katsarou Stella
Published: June 2017

Excavations carried out by The Helike Project in the Helike plain on the south-western coast of the Gulf of Corinth, north-west Peloponnese, since 2000, have brought to light the well-preserved remains of a coastal Early Helladic (EH) II–III settlement. The site developed as a densely organised settlement during the EH II period and underwent a major architectural transformation at the beginning of the following EH III. In addition to a reorganisation of the settlement on a rectangular town grid, the outstanding feature among the buildings discovered is that of a monumental Corridor House. The newly organised building plan of the settlement was most probably associated with the rise of a new socio-economic structure at the time, including advanced technological specialisation, and possibly the establishment of administrative control within the town supporting communal interests, together with a new emphasis on the status of the private individual.

Considering EH Helike in its broader geographical context, the site's prosperity marks an exception to the widespread decline attested in the mainland settlements of the time, and links it rather with centres across the Aegean Sea and further east. In addition to similarities at the level of settlement organisation, such overseas links and contacts are conspicuously evidenced at Helike through the presence of an array of exotic, prestigious items and commodities including an outstanding depas cup of Trojan/Anatolian type, ornaments of precious metal from the east or the north and Melian obsidian tools, and by the adoption of ‘international’ fashions of life such as the ‘serve and drink’ culture and ‘potter's marks’. In this paper, we present the range of material evidence from the EH III town of Helike illustrating its various spheres of foreign contact, and discuss possible insights into the social and economic conditions that generated the town's floruit and cosmopolitanism in EH III.
Integration of Star and Inertial Sensors for Spacecraft Attitude Determination
Authors: Wang Kedong , Zhu Tongqian , Qin Yujie , Zhang Chao , Li Yong
Published: June 2017

A new integration of the acquisition and tracking modes is proposed for the integration of a Celestial Navigation System (CNS) and a Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (SINS). After the integration converges in the acquisition mode, it switches to the tracking mode. In the tracking mode, star pattern recognition is unnecessary and the integration is implemented in a cascaded filter scheme. A pre-filter is designed for each identified star and the output of the pre-filter is fused with the attitude of the SINS in the cascaded navigation filter. Both the pre-filter and the navigation filter are designed in detail. The measurements of the pre-filter are the positions on the image plane of one identified star. Both the starlight direction and its error are estimated in the pre-filter. The estimated starlight directions of all identified stars are the measurements of the navigation filter. The simulation results show that both the reliability and accuracy of the integration are improved and the integration is effective when only one star is identified in a period.
A rare, giant coronary artery ectasia coexisting with a coronary artery fistula in an older infant
Authors: Wu Sijie , Fan Chengming , Yang Jinfu
Published: June 2017

Coronary artery fistula with giant coronary artery ectasia is a rare abnormal CHD. Multidetector CT is useful for the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and surgery are recommended.
Operable patent ductus arteriosus even with differential cyanosis: a case of patent ductus arteriosus and mitral stenosis
Authors: Gupta Anunay , Kothari Shyam S.
Published: June 2017

Patients with patent ductus arteriosus and significant left-to-right shunt develop Eisenmenger syndrome at an early age and are not operable after development of irreversible pulmonary artery hypertension. Patients with mitral stenosis, however, are treatable even with suprasystemic pulmonary artery pressures. A combination of these two lesions is rare. We document a patient with differential cyanosis who improved after corrective surgery of both the lesions. The importance of post-capillary pulmonary artery hypertension in shunt lesions needs to be better appreciated.
DIMINISHING RETURNS AND LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENTS
Authors: Dao Ha , Delacroix Alain
Published: June 2017

We amend the canonical matching model by assuming diminishing returns to labor. We put the model to the twin test of generating a high volatility of labor market variables in response to productivity shocks (the “Shimer puzzle”) and a moderate response to changes in unemployment benefits and find that it passes that test. It does not feature wage rigidity, nor is it based on a small surplus calibration. Diminishing returns introduce a distinction betweenmarginalandaveragesurplus. With a standard (large average surplus) calibration, we can have a small marginal surplus, and thus a strong response of hiring to productivity shocks, while obtaining a measured response of unemployment to changes in benefits.
Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy for advanced lung cancer
Authors: Armpilia Christina , Harpidou Andriani , Kalaitzi Zoi , Tsapas Charilaos , Tsagouli Sofia , Gkiozos Ioannis , Syrigos Konstantinos
Published: June 2017

Introduction – purpose

The aim of this study is to review the results of applying a hypofractionated radiotherapy schedule for locally advanced inoperable lung cancer in patients who have received chemotherapy. Lung cancer and especially non-small-cell lung cancer is prone to accelerated repopulation and shorter treatment schedules in the form of accelerated radiotherapy have been shown to improve treatment outcome.

Patients – method

In total, 29 patients with inoperable lung cancer (stage II, IIIa,b, IV) were treated with accelerated hypofractionated 3D conformal radiotherapy. All patients received a dose of 55 Gy in 20 fractions (daily dose of 2·75 Gy). The median age was 65·5 years, 87% of patients had stage III–IV disease, 93% of patients received sequential chemotherapy with their radiotherapy. Median follow-up of patients was 36 months.

Results

The median overall survival from time of diagnosis was 16·5 months and the 1 year overall survival was 31%. Complications were present in 44·8% of the patients and the most common complication (20·7%) was pneumonitis alone. The complication rate was not significantly different according to histological type, stage, type of chemotherapy, presence of recurrence or death.

Conclusion

Although our study limitation is the small number of patients, these data suggest that the efficacy of this hypofractionated schedule could be considered as alternative option to the conventional regimen of 66 Gy given in 33 fractions.
Synergism with Imazamox Co-applications for Red Rice Control
Authors: Webster Eric P. , Teló Gustavo M. , Blouin David C. , McKnight Benjamin M. , Bergeron Eric A.
Published: June 2017

A study was conducted at three locations in Louisiana to evaluate the interactions of imazamox at 44 g ai ha−1mixed with propanil, thiobencarb, or with a prepackaged mixture of propanil plus thiobencarb. A synergistic response was observed for red rice control for all treatments at 14 days after treatments (DAT); however, at 21 DAT a neutral response was observed for imazamox mixed with propanil or thiobencarb. A synergistic response occurred for red rice control when imazamox was mixed with propanil plus thiobencarb at 3360 g ai ha−1for all evaluation dates; however, imazamox mixed with propanil plus thiobencarb at 1680 g ha−1resulted in synergism at the same evaluations except at 35 DAT with neutral response. Synergism was observed for barnyardgrass control with imazamox mixed with propanil plus thiobencarb at 3360 g ha−1at 35 and 49 DAT. The only antagonism observed for barnyardgrass control was at 42 DAT with imazamox plus propanil at 840 and 1680 g ha−1or mixed with the prepackage mixture at 1680 g ha−1. Rice treated with imazamox mixed with propanil plus thiobencarb at 3360 g ha−1yielded 5770 kg ha−1.
Die Analyse unerwünschter Ereignisse als Beitrag zur Sicherheitskultur im Kontext der Praxisentwicklung
Authors: Hoffmann Susanne , Frei Irena Anna
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Die Analyse unerwünschter Ereignisse ist eine wirksame Patientensicherheitsmassnahme. Ziel: Wir zeigen, wie Pflegeexpertinnen zur Analyse unerwünschter Ereignisse mit dem „Learning from Defects-Tool“ (LFD-Tool) befähigt wurden. Methode: Für die Implementierung des Tools wählten wir eine umfassende Strategie, die sowohl am Sicherheitswissen der Pflegexpertinnen als auch an ihrer Einstellung zum Thema „Patientensicherheit“ ansetzte. Dabei wurde die Kultur der Praxisentwicklung berücksichtigt. Die Implementierungsstrategie und das LFD-Tool werden beschrieben. Ergebnisse: Pflegeexpertinnen berichten durch die Anwendung des LFD-Tools einen Kompetenzaufbau zum Thema „Patientensicherheit“. Die Anwendung des Tools unterstützte die gemeinsame Reflexion von unerwünschten Ereignissen in den Pflegeteams. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Analyse unerwünschter Ereignisse fördert das gemeinsame, arbeitsplatznahe Lernen. Pflegende können durch die Nutzung des LFD-Tools einen wichtigen Beitrag zur aktiven Gestaltung der Sicherheitskultur in einem Spital leisten.
Atypical skeletal manifestations of rickets in a familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia patient
Authors: Wu Bo , Wang Ou , Jiang Yan , Li Mei , Xing Xiaoping , Xia Weibo
Published: June 2017

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is caused by inactivating mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene. The loss of function of CaSR presents with rickets as the predominant skeletal abnormality in mice, but is rarely reported in humans. Here we report a case of a 16-year-old boy with FHH who presented with skeletal manifestations of rickets. To identify the possible pathogenic mutation, the patient was evaluated clinically, biochemically, and radiographically. The patient and his family members were screened for genetic mutations. Physical examination revealed a pigeon breast deformity and X-ray examinations showed epiphyseal broadening, both of which indicate rickets. Biochemical tests also showed increased parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and elevated ionized calcium. Based on these results, a diagnosis of FHH was suspected. Sequence analysis of the patient’s CaSR gene revealed a new missense mutation (c.2279T>A) in exon 7, leading to the damaging amino change (p.I760N) in the mature CaSR protein, confirming the diagnosis of FHH. Moreover, the skeletal abnormities may be related to but not limited to vitamin D abnormity. Elevated PTH levels and a rapid skeletal growth period in adolescence may have also contributed. Our study revealed that rickets-like features have a tendency to present atypically in FHH patients who have a mild vitamin D deficiency, and that CaSR mutations may have a partial role in the pathogenesis of skeletal deformities.
Third-person self-talk facilitates emotion regulation without engaging cognitive control: Converging evidence from ERP and fMRI
Authors: Moser Jason S. , Dougherty Adrienne , Mattson Whitney I. , Katz Benjamin , Moran Tim P. , Guevarra Darwin , Shablack Holly , Ayduk Ozlem , Jonides John , Berman Marc G. , Kross Ethan
Published: June 2017

Does silently talking to yourself in the third-person constitute a relatively effortless form of self control? We hypothesized that it does under the premise that third-person self-talk leads people to think about the self similar to how they think about others, which provides them with the psychological distance needed to facilitate self control. We tested this prediction by asking participants to reflect on feelings elicited by viewing aversive images (Study 1) and recalling negative autobiographical memories (Study 2) using either “I” or their name while measuring neural activity via ERPs (Study 1) and fMRI (Study 2). Study 1 demonstrated that third-person self-talk reduced an ERP marker of self-referential emotional reactivity (i.e., late positive potential) within the first second of viewing aversive images without enhancing an ERP marker of cognitive control (i.e., stimulus preceding negativity). Conceptually replicating these results, Study 2 demonstrated that third-person self-talk was linked with reduced levels of activation in an a priori defined fMRI marker of self-referential processing (i.e., medial prefrontal cortex) when participants reflected on negative memories without eliciting increased levels of activity in a priori defined fMRI markers of cognitive control. Together, these results suggest that third-person self-talk may constitute a relatively effortless form of self-control.
Eimeria tenella protein trafficking: differential regulation of secretion versus surface tethering during the life cycle
Authors: Marugan-Hernandez V. , Long E. , Blake D. , Crouch C. , Tomley F.
Published: June 2017

Eimeria spp. are intracellular parasites that have a major impact on poultry. Effective live vaccines are available and the development of reverse genetic technologies has raised the prospect of using Eimeria spp. as recombinant vectors to express additional immunoprotective antigens. To study the ability of Eimeria to secrete foreign antigens or display them on the surface of the sporozoite, transiently transfected populations of E. tenella expressing the fluorescent protein mCherry, linked to endogenous signal peptide (SP) and glycophosphatidylinositol-anchor (GPI) sequences, were examined. The SP from microneme protein EtMIC2 (SP2) allowed efficient trafficking of mCherry to cytoplasmic vesicles and following the C-terminal addition of a GPI-anchor (from surface antigen EtSAG1) mCherry was expressed on the sporozoite surface. In stable transgenic populations, mCherry fused to SP2 was secreted into the sporocyst cavity of the oocysts and after excystation, secretion was detected in culture supernatants but not into the parasitophorous vacuole after invasion. When the GPI was incorporated, mCherry was observed on the sporozites surface and in the supernatant of invading sporozoites. The proven secretion and surface exposure of mCherry suggests that antigen fusions with SP2 and GPI of EtSAG1 may be promising candidates to examine induction of protective immunity against heterologous pathogens.
Modification of as Synthesized SBA-15 with Pt nanoparticles: Nanoconfinement Effects Give a Boost for Hydrogen Storage at Room Temperature
Authors: Yin Yu , Yang Zhi-Feng , Wen Zhi-Hao , Yuan Ai-Hua , Liu Xiao-Qin , Zhang Zhuang-Zhuang , Zhou Hu
Published: June 2017

In this work, Pt nanoparticles were incorporated into SBA-15 to prepare the materials for hydrogen spillover adsorption. We provide a direct modification (DM) strategy to improve the content of Pt nanoparticles inside the channels of SBA-15. In this strategy, the Pt precursor was directly incorporated into as synthesized SBA-15 by a solid-state grinding method. The subsequent calcination in air, then H2/Ar gases was conducted to obtain the resultant materials of PtAS. For the samples of PtAS, Pt nanoparticles up to 5.0 wt% have a high dispersion inside the channels of SBA-15. The size of nanoparticles is in control of 3.7 nm. Although much work so far has focused on modification of SBA-15 with Pt nanoparticles. Here, it is the first time the loading amount of Pt nanoparticles raises up to 5.0 wt%, and the location of the Pt nanoparticles is interior channels of SBA-15. We reveal that the high dispersion behaviors of Pt nanoparticles are ascribed to the nanoconfinement effects provided by as synthesized SBA-15. However, the samples derived from template free SBA-15 (PtCS) show sparsely dispersion of Pt nanoparticles with the size of 7.7 nm. We demonstrate that the PtAS samples show better hydrogen adsorption performance than PtCS.
KIF5A transports collagen vesicles of myofibroblasts during pleural fibrosis
Authors: Kamata Hirotoshi , Tsukasaki Yoshikazu , Sakai Tsuyoshi , Ikebe Reiko , Wang Julia , Jeffers Ann , Boren Jake , Owens Shuzi , Suzuki Takahiro , Higashihara Masaaki , Idell Steven , Tucker Torry A. , Ikebe Mitsuo
Published: June 2017

Fibrosis involves the production of extracellular matrix proteins in tissues and is often preceded by injury or trauma. In pleural fibrosis excess collagen deposition results in pleural thickening, increased stiffness and impaired lung function. Myofibroblasts are responsible for increased collagen deposition, however the molecular mechanism of transportation of procollagen containing vesicles for secretion is unknown. Here, we studied the role of kinesin on collagen-1 (Col-1) containing vesicle transportation in human pleural mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Among a number of cargo transporting kinesins, KIF5A was notably upregulated during TGF-β induced mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MesoMT). Using superresolution structured illumination microscopy and the DUO-Link technique, we found that KIF5A colocalized with Col-1 containing vesicles. KIF5A knock-down significantly reduced Col-1 secretion and attenuated TGF-β induced increment in Col-1 localization at cell peripheries. Live cell imaging revealed that GFP-KIF5A and mCherry-Col-1 containing vesicles moved together. Kymography showed that these molecules continuously move with a mean velocity of 0.56 μm/sec, suggesting that the movement is directional but not diffusion limited process. Moreover, KIF5A was notably upregulated along with Col-1 and α-smooth muscle actin in pleural thickening in the carbon-black bleomycin mouse model. These results support our hypothesis that KIF5A is responsible for collagen transportation and secretion from HPMCs.
Dexamethasone induced inhibition of Dectin-1 activation of antigen presenting cells is mediated via STAT-3 and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Kotthoff Philipp , Heine Annkristin , Held Stefanie Andrea Erika , Brossart Peter
Published: June 2017

Treatment of patients with glucocorticoids can result in an increased risk of infection with pathogens such as fungi. Dectin-1 is a member of the C-type lectin receptor superfamily and was shown to be one of the major receptors for fungal beta-glucans. Activation of Dectin-1 increases the production of cytokines and chemokines and T-cell stimulatory capacity of DC and mediates resolution of fungal infections. Here we show that antigen-presenting cells generated in the presence of dexamethasone (Dex-DC) have a reduced capacity to stimulate T-cell proliferation and decreased expression of costimulatory molecules, that can not be enhanced upon stimulation with Dectin-1 ligands. Stimulation of Dex-DC with beta-glucans induced a strong upregulation of Syk phosphorylation and increased secretion of IL-10, while the production of IL-12, IL-23 and TNF-alpha was reduced. Downstream of Syk stimulation of Dectin-1 on Dex-DC resulted in phosphorylation of STAT3 and reduced nuclear localization of transcription factors involved in DC activation and function.
MR imaging features of benign retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas
Authors: Shen Yanguang , Zhong Yan , Wang Haiyi , Ma Lu , Wang Yingwei , Pan Jingjing , Zhang Kun , Sun Zhonghua , Ye Huiyi
Published: June 2017

The goal of this study was to retrospectively review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas and to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of MRI. Twenty-four patients with confirmed benign retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas who underwent preoperative MRI and surgical resection were enrolled. The patients’ clinical characteristics and MRI features were reviewed by two radiologists. There were no significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative MRI features were determined by the reviewers. High signal intensity in T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was observed in all tumors. In contrast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) in the arterial phase, 83.33% of the tumors were clearly enhanced. In 87.5% of cases, a persistent enhancement pattern was observed in the venous and delayed phases, and 12.5% of tumors showed a “washout” pattern. The tumor capsule, intratumoral septum and degenerations were visualized in the tumors and may be helpful in the qualitative diagnosis of extra-adrenal paragangliomas in MRI. MRI was useful in locating the position, determining the tumor ranges and visualizing the relationship between the tumors and adjacent structures. The presence of typical clinical symptoms and positivity of biochemical tests are also important factors in making an accurate preoperative diagnosis.
In Vitro Assembly and Stabilization of Dengue and Zika Virus Envelope Protein Homo-Dimers
Authors: Metz Stefan W. , Gallichotte Emily N. , Brackbill Alex , Premkumar Lakshmanane , Miley Michael J. , Baric Ralph , de Silva Aravinda M.
Published: June 2017

Zika virus (ZIKV) and the 4 dengue virus (DENV) serotypes are mosquito-borne Flaviviruses that are associated with severe neuronal and hemorrhagic syndromes. The mature flavivirus infectious virion has 90 envelope (E) protein homo-dimers that pack tightly to form a smooth protein coat with icosahedral symmetry. Human antibodies that strongly neutralize ZIKV and DENVs recognize complex quaternary structure epitopes displayed on E-homo-dimers and higher order structures. The ZIKV and DENV E protein expressed as a soluble protein is mainly a monomer that does not display quaternary epitopes, which may explain the modest success with soluble recombinant E (sRecE) as a vaccine and diagnostic antigen. New strategies are needed to design recombinant immunogens that display these critical immune targets. Here we present two novel methods for building or stabilizing in vitro E-protein homo-dimers that display quaternary epitopes. In the first approach we immobilize sRecE to enable subsequent dimer generation. As an alternate method, we describe the use of human mAbs to stabilize homo-dimers in solution. The ability to produce recombinant E protein dimers displaying quaternary structure epitopes is an important advance with applications in flavivirus diagnostics and vaccine development.
A halogen bond route to shorten the ultrashort sextuple bonds in Cr2 and Mo2
Authors: Joy Jyothish , Jemmis Eluvathingal D.
Published: June 2017

Selective extraction of destabilizing σ-electrons from the sextuple bond of Cr2 and Mo2via σ-hole on a halogen bond donor shortens and strengthens the ultra-short metal–metal bond.
Monocyclic aromatic compounds BnRgn(n−2)+of boron and rare gases
Authors: Li Zhuo Zhe , Li An Yong
Published: June 2017

A new family of monocyclic rare gas compounds BnRgn(n−2)+with a delocalized 2e π bond are realizable species theoretically.
Influence of transition metal doping on the electronic and optical properties of ReS2and ReSe2monolayers
Authors: Obodo Kingsley Onyebuchi , Ouma Cecil Napthaly Moro , Obodo Joshua Tobechukwu , Braun Moritz
Published: June 2017

We investigate the structural, electronic and optical properties of transition metal doped triclinic monolayered rhenium disulfide and diselenide (ReS2and ReSe2) by means of quantum mechanical calculations.
CO2 activation and dissociation on the low miller index surfaces of pure and Ni-coated iron metal: a DFT study
Authors: Kwawu Caroline R. , Tia Richard , Adei Evans , Dzade Nelson Y. , Catlow C. Richard A. , de Leeuw Nora H.
Published: June 2017

We have used spin polarized density functional theory calculations to perform extensive mechanistic studies of CO2 dissociation into CO and O on the clean Fe(100), (110) and (111) surfaces and on the same surfaces coated by a monolayer of nickel.
A hierarchical CoFeS2/reduced graphene oxide composite for highly efficient counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Zhang Minmin , Zai Jiantao , Liu Jie , Chen Ming , Wang Zeren , Li Guan , Qian Xuefeng , Qian Liwu , Yu Xibin
Published: June 2017

Hierarchical CoFeS2/rGO CEs were designed to simultaneously optimize the electron and mass dynamics to achieve a high efficiency of 9.06%.
Palladium(ii) in liquid ammonia: an investigation of structural and dynamical properties by applying quantum mechanical charge field molecular dynamics (QMCF-MD)
Authors: Saleh Muhammad , Hofer Thomas S.
Published: June 2017

The structural and dynamical properties of Pd2+ in liquid ammonia have been investigated via quantum mechanical charge field molecular dynamics.
CrIIIas an alternative to RuIIin metallo-supramolecular chemistry
Authors: Zare Davood , Doistau Benjamin , Nozary Homayoun , Besnard Céline , Guénée Laure , Suffren Yan , Pelé Anne-Laure , Hauser Andreas , Piguet Claude
Published: June 2017

Semi-labile [Cr(tpy)(CF3SO3)3] precursors can be exploited for building rod-like dinuclear dyads, in which paramagnetic and luminescent trivalent CrIIIreplace diamagnetic RuIIfor unravelling intermetallic communication in supramolecular architectures.
A Schiff base platform: structures, sensing of Zn(ii) and PPi in aqueous medium and anticancer activity
Authors: Naskar Barnali , Modak Ritwik , Maiti Dilip K. , Drew Michael G. B. , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Das Mukhopadhyay Chitrangada , Mishra Snehasis , Das Saha Krishna , Goswami Sanchita
Published: June 2017

A Schiff base platform was explored to present structural aspects of its Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) coordination compounds, sensing behavior towards Zn(ii) and PPi in aqueous medium and anticancer activity.
Ru-Based CO releasing molecules with azole ligands: interaction with proteins and the CO release mechanism disclosed by X-ray crystallography
Authors: Pontillo Nicola , Ferraro Giarita , Messori Luigi , Tamasi Gabriella , Merlino Antonello
Published: June 2017

Structural data on the adducts formed upon reaction of Ru-based CO releasing molecules containing azole ligands with model proteins are reported.
Ammonia synthesis from N2and H2O using a lithium cycling electrification strategy at atmospheric pressure
Authors: McEnaney Joshua M. , Singh Aayush R. , Schwalbe Jay A. , Kibsgaard Jakob , Lin John C. , Cargnello Matteo , Jaramillo Thomas F. , Nørskov Jens K.
Published: June 2017

An electrochemical, lithium-mediated looping method for efficiently producing NH3from N2and H2O at ambient pressure.
The Effects of Lip-Closure Exercise on Lip Strength and Function Following Full Facial Transplantation: A Case Report
Authors: Perry Bridget J. , Richburg Brian D. , Pomahac Bohdan , Bueno Ericka M. , Green Jordan R.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

Facial transplantation is a relatively new option for individuals with severe facial disfigurements. Clinical case studies on existing patients indicate many instances of persistent facial motor impairment for facial expression, speech, and swallowing. These preliminary findings motivate additional research on the impact of lip-strengthening exercises following facial transplantation.

Method

In this study, we assessed the efficacy of an 8-week, biofeedback-driven, lip closure–strengthening exercise program in a single patient 1-year status post–full facial transplantation. Exercise was at 60% of peak strength. Outcome measures included instrumental measures of lip strength and mobility, clinical measures of speech, and patient-reported outcomes in feeding and facial expression.

Results

Results revealed improvements in labial strength, speed of lip movement, and range of motion during speech. A 3-point improvement in sentence speech intelligibility was also observed following strength-training exercise. The patient reported improvements in her ability to drink from a straw and communicate via facial expression.

Conclusion

These preliminary findings motivate additional research on the efficacy of lip-strengthening exercises following facial transplantation.
Quantification and Systematic Characterization of Stuttering-Like Disfluencies in Acquired Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Bailey Dallin J. , Blomgren Michael , DeLong Catharine , Berggren Kiera , Wambaugh Julie L.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to quantify and describe stuttering-like disfluencies in speakers with acquired apraxia of speech (AOS), utilizing the Lidcombe Behavioural Data Language (LBDL). Additional purposes include measuring test–retest reliability and examining the effect of speech sample type on disfluency rates.

Method

Two types of speech samples were elicited from 20 persons with AOS and aphasia: repetition of mono- and multisyllabic words from a protocol for assessing AOS (Duffy, 2013), and connected speech tasks (Nicholas & Brookshire, 1993). Sampling was repeated at 1 and 4 weeks following initial sampling. Stuttering-like disfluencies were coded using the LBDL, which is a taxonomy that focuses on motoric aspects of stuttering.

Results

Disfluency rates ranged from 0% to 13.1% for the connected speech task and from 0% to 17% for the word repetition task. There was no significant effect of speech sampling time on disfluency rate in the connected speech task, but there was a significant effect of time for the word repetition task. There was no significant effect of speech sample type.

Conclusions

Speakers demonstrated both major types of stuttering-like disfluencies as categorized by the LBDL (fixed postures and repeated movements). Connected speech samples yielded more reliable tallies over repeated measurements. Suggestions are made for modifying the LBDL for use in AOS in order to further add to systematic descriptions of motoric disfluencies in this disorder.
Identification and Remediation of Phonological and Motor Errors in Acquired Sound Production Impairment
Authors: Buchwald Adam , Gagnon Bernadine , Miozzo Michele
Published: June 2017

Purpose

This study aimed to test whether an approach to distinguishing errors arising in phonological processing from those arising in motor planning also predicts the extent to which repetition-based training can lead to improved production of difficult sound sequences.

Method

Four individuals with acquired speech production impairment who produced consonant cluster errors involving deletion were examined using a repetition task. We compared the acoustic details of productions with deletion errors in target consonant clusters to singleton consonants. Changes in accuracy over the course of the study were also compared.

Results

Two individuals produced deletion errors consistent with a phonological locus of the errors, and 2 individuals produced errors consistent with a motoric locus of the errors. The 2 individuals who made phonologically driven errors showed no change in performance on a repetition training task, whereas the 2 individuals with motoric errors improved in their production of both trained and untrained items.

Conclusions

The results extend previous findings about a metric for identifying the source of sound production errors in individuals with both apraxia of speech and aphasia. In particular, this work may provide a tool for identifying predominant error types in individuals with complex deficits.
A Novel Investigation of Generalized Motor Program Theory: Syllable Stress as a Motor-Class Variable
Authors: Meigh Kimberly M.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

This experiment evaluated syllable-stress position as a motor class directed by a syllable-sized generalized motor program. Reaction times were predicted to be slower for stimuli with untrained stress patterns outside the trained motor class. Furthermore, reaction times were predicted to be stable for untrained stimuli within the same motor class regardless of phonetic similarity.

Method

Twenty-three young adults with typical speech and hearing participated in a motor-learning study comprised of motor-class training and a judgment task. Reaction times derived from the judgment task were evaluated using a within-subject repeated-measures design to evaluate the effects of syllable-stress position on stimulus type.

Results

Reaction times were not significantly different across proposed syllable-stress motor-class boundaries. However, reaction times for the stimuli within the same motor class were significantly different. To be specific, slower reaction times were associated with untrained stimuli that were phonetically similar to the trained stimuli.

Conclusions

The proposed hypotheses for syllable stress as a motor class were not met. Results indicate that multiple stimulus features, including syllable stress and phoneme similarity, may be encoded into memory during motor learning. Future research should evaluate how phonetic similarity of stimuli may influence motor-learning outcomes.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5116837
Cutting-Edge Technology for Speech Rehabilitation
Authors: Campbell Thomas F. , Yunusova Yana
Published: June 2017

Purpose

The authors of this article introduce the technical reports of this special issue.