bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Komu Felician
Published: May 2024

Welcome to Volume 3, Issue 2 of the Journal of African Real Estate Research. This will be my final issue as Editor-in-Chief of JARER, and it has been a great pleasure to be a part of the journal’s recent relaunch.  I am very confident of the journal’s continued success under the stewardship of my successor who will be announced in the new year. I am very grateful for the opportunity to play such an important role in the advancement of real estate research on the African continent.
Editorial JARER Volume 7 Issue 1
Authors: Abel Olaleye
Published: May 2024

This the Editorial for Vol 7, Issue 1 of JARER
Benefits and Challenges to the Adoption of Modern Technologies for Real Estate Marketing in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwunmi Adedamola , Agara Emeka
Published: May 2024

Historically, some industries have lagged behind others in adopting technological improvements. Real estate is one of such industries. Even as technology affects the world around them, many real estate professionals continue to market or manage properties the same way they did in the past (Barillas, 2020). Hence, there is a need to savvy how informed they are about modern technology options that can boost their productivity, and why they have not leveraged these options. Therefore, this research examined the benefits and challenges of marketing real estate utilising selected modern technologies in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria. Eight-two questionnaires were administered on the Estate Surveyors and Valuers (ESVs) in the study area and 76 (93%) were returned and found useful. The data was analysed with the use of percentages, mean and relative importance index. The findings show that majority of the ESVs are aware of digital marketing (90%), big data (89%), virtual reality (82%), artificial intelligence (79%), drone technology (79%) and blockchain technology (68%) as a medium for marketing real estate. The study also revealed that the most commonly used technology for marketing real estate is digital marketing (e.g. email, WhatsApp, Telegram e.t.c). The findings further show their perception of the benefits of adopting these technologies as reduction in manual labour (RII=0.903) and efficient communication between clients and real estate agents (RII=0.903), amongst others. Finally, the ESVs have not adopted most of the modern technologies because of resistance to adoption of modern technologies (mean=4.68) and lack of up-to-date and relevant property information (mean=4.51). The study concluded that there is a need for the Nigerian Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers (NIESV) and the Estate Surveyors and Valuers Registration Board of Nigeria (ESVARBON) to provide opportunities for ESVs to be enlightened, educated and trained on the various technologies for real estate marketing.
Factors Influencing the Adoption of Automating Systems in the Facilities Management of High-Rise Buildings in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Awosode Orayinka , Ajayi Cyril
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The paper examined factors influencing the choice of automating systems in high-rise buildings in Lagos, Nigeria with a view to providing information that could enhance facility management practice.
Design/Method/Approach: The study is a quantitative research, administering 53 copies of questionnaire on resident facility managers of selected high-rise buildings in Lagos with a response rate of 77.4%. Simple frequency distribution, percentage (%) weighted mean score on 5 point-Likert scale measurement and factor analysis were used to analyze responses.  
Findings: The study revealed that the choice of automating systems used by facility managers was significantly influenced by the cost of acquisition of the automating system, while the need to protect buildings against failure was considered as the most significant factor influencing the adoption of automation in the management of facilities in high-rise buildings.
Practical Implication: The use of automating systems presents facility managers innovative ways of ensuring functionality of the built environment through the integration of people, place, process and technology.
Originality: The study contributes to the frontier of knowledge on the adoption of automation in the facility management of high-rise buildings.
Leveraging on Blockchain Technology for the Sustainability of Real Estate Practice: A Systematic Review
Authors: Oluwumni Adedamola
Published: May 2024

Blockchain technology (BCTech) in real estate is innovative and full of potential, even though it is not widely accepted and scarcely applied. To establish the potentials of BCTech in the real estate sector, this study used a systematic review of the literature found in Researchgate, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, IEEE Xplore, and Google searches. This was done with a view to ascertaining the current challenges in real estate practice and the potential benefits of applying BCTech to mitigate or eliminate these challenges. A total of 99 publications from 2016 to 2022 were examined, and their contents were assessed using descriptive statistical tools and presented in charts and tables. Based on the review, BCTech can provide platforms for tokenized ownership, smart contracts, quick transactions and cost reduction. Moreover, the outcome also showed that some countries have applied BCTech to land registration, with a few others to record keeping and real estate tokenization. In addition, the majority of the research efforts (55%) were from journal outlets published between 2020 and 2022. Finally, BCTech offers secure and transparent platforms for real estate stakeholders; hence, they have a lot to gain by encouraging and embracing its adoption. The study concluded that though BCTech is not yet widely used, it has a lot of potential to offer in terms of the sustainability of the real estate industry.
Los convenios para evitar la doble imposición y su incidencia en la protección del derecho a la propiedad privada en Estados latinoamericanos de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE)
Authors: Salazar Urbina Daniel Stefano
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar que los Convenios para Evitar la Doble Imposición inciden en la protección del derecho a la propiedad privada en los Estados latinoamericanos de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (Ocde). La metodología empleada comprende un enfoque cuantitativo, nivel correlacional, tipo básico, diseño no experimental, método deductivo, y una muestra compuesta por treinta profesionales del derecho tributario internacional (diseño muestral no probabilístico), así como el cuestionario en calidad de instrumento de recolección de datos. Se concluye que los Convenios para Evitar la Doble Imposición inciden significativamente en la protección del derecho a la propiedad privada en los Estados latinoamericanos de la OCDE. Lo anterior, toda vez que la suscripción de estos tratados tributarios, tanto por Estados miembros de pleno derecho (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica y México) como por aquellos que han sido invitados para iniciar su proceso de adhesión (Brasil y Perú), dispone como finalidad intrínseca prevenir situaciones de doble tributación que llevan a supuestos de confiscatoriedad y, por lo tanto, hacia transgresiones del derecho a la propiedad privada.
Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en la resolución de conflictos
Authors:   Innovación Legal s.a.s., España Toro Angie Paola
Published: May 2024

Los mecanismos alternativos de solución de controversias (MASC) y las nuevas tecnologías se ha establecido como un tópico en auge, el cual busca una celeridad procesal con nuevos métodos de aplicación, entre ellos las inteligencias artificiales (IA). La IA es una tecnología que se basa en un conjunto de capacidades cognoscitivas e intelectuales expresadas por medio de algoritmos y sistemas informáticos, con la finalidad de imitar la inteligencia humana, cuyo objeto es la realización de las tareas que le sean solicitadas. Por otro lado, se encuentran los MASC, que ofrecen diferentes herramientas para la solución de conflictos sin necesidad de acudir a despachos judiciales.
The Power of Norms: Gender Equality Reforms in the Parliaments of Fiji and Samoa
Authors: Baker Kerryn , Palmieri Sonia
Published: May 2024

Parliaments are increasingly defined as “gendered institutions,” with rules, norms, and practices that are often stubbornly resistant to gender equality initiatives. The gender sensitive parliaments’ global agenda has made substantial progress in both drawing attention to the gendered nature of parliaments and in spearheading gender equality reform. While a positive trend, there remains a significant disconnect between the (global) normative framework that sets out this agenda and the realization of gender equality in national (local) parliaments. In this article, we build on previous work that begins to unpack and test the process of global norm localization through “contextualization” and “contestation.” We select new sites to test these processes—Fiji and Samoa—where specific gender equality reforms have been implemented in the past 10 years, one a gender mainstreaming mandate for parliamentary committees and the other a parliamentary gender quota. The Pacific Islands region presents an important cultural context worthy of exploration: Parliaments are not only overwhelmingly male-dominated, but many are also derivative of hegemonic masculinist cultures evident in the Westminster tradition, albeit hybridized with local political traditions. We compare and contrast the process by which these reforms were developed and implemented in each country and examine the extent to which they can be considered effective mechanisms for addressing gender inequalities. We find that the extent to which these reforms are sustainable and transformative depends on local contexts, local actors, and locally derived solutions. Specifically, the culturally relevant process of contesting the gender quota in Samoa constitutionally, electorally, and through the courts has localised and thereby legitimised this globally endorsed reform. By contrast, gender mainstreaming in Fiji’s parliamentary committees has been little more than a “tick-a-box” exercise, having had limited engagement from the political elite under a relatively autocratic regime.
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF JUDICIAL PROTECTION OF SUBJECT'S COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS BY MEANS OF COLLECTIVE MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mashkova Valeriia
Published: May 2024

The urgency of the research is due to the need to identify and analyze problems that make it impossible for collective management organizations to implement one of their key functions – to go to court to protect the property rights of right holders. The purpose of the study is to identify the main problems of judicial protection of copyright and related rights with the help of collective management organizations and to suggest ways to eliminate such problems. The object of the study is the implementation of the functions of collective management organizations related to appealing to the court for protection of property rights of rights holders and monitoring the legality of the use of copyright and (or) related rights. In the research a number of general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as: formal-logical, comparative-legal and systemic was used. The particular functions of organizations of collective management of property rights of copyright holders in the field of copyright and related rights are analyzed, which are included in the appeal of such organizations to the court on behalf of the right holders concerning the protection of property rights of right holders and monitoring the legality of the use of objects of copyright and (or) related rights in accordance with the areas of rights management for which the organization is registered, as far as objects of copyright and (or) related rights are concerned with the property rights transferred to its management. A study aimed at determining the main components necessary for the successful implementation by collective management organizations of the function of judicial protection of property rights of copyright holders in the field of copyright and related rights. The main types of collective management in Ukraine are identified and the reason for the difference in the implementation of collective management within such types is emphasized. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of case law in cases involving collective management organizations related to the prosecution of users who used copyright and related rights in their activities without obtaining permission from copyright holders for such use and/or without concluding a contract with the organization of collective management. As a result of the study, the author outlined the problems of judicial protection of copyright and related rights with the help of collective management organizations, suggested the main reason for collective management organizations to sue for protection of property copyrights and related rights and formed conclusions concerning one of the possible options for solving the identified problems.
Сognitive Сomplaints with Unilateral Temporal Lobe Compression
Authors: Kaverina M.U. , Strunina U.V. , Krotkova O.A.
Published: May 2024

Awareness of cognitive deficits, as a rule, occurs in the form of «memory complaints». Spontaneous narration of problems reveals their semantic hierarchy and can be a model for generating a spontaneous flow of thoughts and memories with the activity of the default brain network. The objective of the study was to study the nature of spontaneously expressed complaints about memory by patients with mild compression of the temporal regions of the resting network of the brain. The study was conducted in a homogeneous clinical group of 48 patients with extracerebral benign neoplasms located in close proximity to the medio-basal parts of the left (25 people) or right (28 people) temporal lobe. The tumor compresses these parts, but does not infiltrate the brain substance. With left-sided compression, complaints about verbal processes dominated, and their quantitative predominance over similar complaints was recorded in the group with right-sided compression and in the control group of healthy subjects (24 people). The severity of cognitive complaints with left-sided exposure to the brain revealed a negative correlation with experimental indicators of the success of spatial distribution of attention and simultaneous perception. With right-sided compression, spontaneously generated cognitive complaints revealed a dependence on the number of recognition errors in the AVP test, but this dependence was paradoxical: the worse this memory indicator was, the fewer cognitive complaints patients presented. The phenomenology of neural network compression makes it possible to register hemispheric specificity in spontaneously generated thoughts and memories.
A Rare Occurrence of Ewing’s Sarcoma Presenting as Breast Mass: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Thakur Ritu , Venugopal Ravi , Sharma Jyoti , Barwad Adarsh
Published: May 2024

Ewing’s sarcoma (EWS) typically involves the bony structures in adolescents and young adults. Extraskeletal sarcoma is a rare, aggressive, and malignant soft-tissue tumor with high recurrence rate. EWS of the breast is a rare entity with <1% cases reported in literature. A 55-year-old lady who complained of the gradual onset painless breast lump lasting for 1 year was referred to our institute in August 2021. Diagnostic ultrasound of bilateral breast identified a cystic lesion measuring 1.8 × 1.5 cm in lower inner quadrant of right breast. Diagnostic excisional biopsy of the right breast lump, which was conducted outside of the institute, showed malignant small round cell tumor. Post-excisional biopsy whole body 18-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography showed no residual uptake with no evidence of metastatic disease elsewhere. Immunohistochemistry work revealed positive expression of NKX2.2 and MIC2, which is consistent with the histopathological feature of EWS. Fluorescent in situ hybridization showed EWSR1 rearrangement, which is consistent with the diagnosis of EWS. The patient underwent a wide local excision of the right breast, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of 18 weekly vincristine/adriamycin D/cyclophosphamide regimen (vincristine, total dose of 2 mg; adriamycin D 100 mg; and cyclophosphamide 1.6 g). The patient was disease free after follow-up of 1 year. The rarity of primary breast EWS poses a diagnostic dilemma and hence the treatment. Local control with systemic therapy is the cornerstone of the treatment, in which breast conservation surgery is equivalent to mastectomy in patient with a good/average breast volume.
The Function of GPT2 in Tumor Progression
Authors: Xie Jun , Shi Hongjin , Wang Huake , Li Chong , Wang Haifeng
Published: May 2024

Glutamate pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) is one of the GPTs and is widely used as a biomarker of hepatocellular injury, along with GPT1. GPT2, a glutamine-metabolizing transaminase found in mitochondria, catalyzes the reversible process between glutamate, pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate, and alanine. Compared to GPT1, the intracellular abundance of GPT2 is higher, suggesting that its enzymatic activity has a considerable role in glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. In recent years, it has been discovered that deletion or mutation of GPT2 causes malignant transformation of tumors and that its expression level is closely correlated with tumor development. It is for this reason that the level of GPT2 can be used to reflect the metabolism level of the tumor cells in the body and can indicate metastasis based on its changes. The metabolism level of GPT2 in tumor cells is expected to be a marker in the tumor diagnostic process and subsequently contribute to early detection, thus improving tumor diagnosis and patient prognosis. This paper presents an overview of the current state of GPT2 research in the progression of tumors.
Echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular function status in children with congenital heart disease with irreversible and reversible pulmonary hypertension compared to normal children
Authors: Islam M. Tariqul , Yadav Hira Nand , Karim Tahmina , Alam Mohammad S. , Barua Chaity
Published: May 2024

Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is prevalent in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly in association with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is crucial for detecting, assessing severity, and monitoring CHD patients with PH. The current study aimed to compare RV function assessed by TTE between CHD patients with PH and healthy children.
Methods: The case group comprised CHD patients diagnosed with PH via TTE and confirmed by cardiac catheterization. The control group included children with normal echocardiograms. A total of 40 patients were enrolled based on predefined criteria.
Results: The study included 20 cases and 20 controls. Echocardiographic parameters revealed significant differences between the case and control groups, with increased RV dimensions in the case group, except for RV subcostal wall thickness. RV systolic function parameters, including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and tricuspid annular systolic velocity (S'), were significantly lower in the case group. RV diastolic function parameters, including E/A ratio, E/e', and deceleration time (DT), were also significantly different between the groups. The RV global function parameter, tissue Doppler imaging-derived myocardial performance index (TD MPI), was significantly higher in the case group.
Conclusions: Echocardiographic evaluation of RV function, including TAPSE, S', TD MPI, E/A ratio, E/e', and DT, in CHD children with PH correlates with PH severity. This assessment can aid in early detection of PH severity before irreversible changes occur and serve as an alternative to right heart catheterization.
Clinical and hematological profile of newborns delivered to mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension: a tertiary centre study
Authors: Mishra Neerja , Arya Arun Kumar , Lal Pavika , Midha Tanu , Verma Neelima
Published: May 2024

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension in women is a major cause of pregnancy related maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidities and mortalities. Aim was to compare the clinical and hematological profile of newborns of mothers with and without pregnancy induced hypertension.
Methods: This hospital-based case control study was conducted in Lala Lajpat Rai Hospital, Kanpur. Clinical and hematological profile of newborns of mothers with or without PIH were compared.
Results: The low gestational age (35.44±2.89 weeks), low birth weight, thrombocytopenia (1.31±0.65 lakhs/mm3), absolute neutropenia (7.71×103±5.24×103cells/mm3) and deranged coagulation profile in newborns was found to have significant association with PIH in their mothers (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This study concluded that newborns of hypertensive mothers carry a risk for prematurity, small for gestational age, infection and bleeding in early neonatal life.
Parental perception of neonatal care in urban slums of Jammu city
Authors: Dhar Sharvil , Gupta Ravinder K.
Published: May 2024

Background: India is undergoing rapid urbanization and many rural residents relocate to urban regions in search of employment, better living conditions and access to education and health care facilities. Neonatal morbidity and mortality are attributed to misperceptions in the community about newborn care. In many parts of urban slums in India, care seeking from multiple providers and use of traditional/home remedies hampered appropriate and timely medical care seeking. Aim was to study awareness, knowledge and practice of newborn care among postnatal mothers in Urban slums of Jammu city.
Methods: This observational study was conducted in Urban slums of Jammu city. A total of 100 mothers of newborns residing in urban slums participated in the study after taking Informed Consent from them. A self-structured proforma was used to collect data.
Results: Most of the deliveries were conducted in hospital (82%) and 18% were home deliveries. Regarding newborn care practices 88 % had wrapped the newborn with clean cloth immediately after birth. 58% of newborns were given first bath within 2-7 days. 39% of mothers-initiated breast feeding within 6-24 hours. Majority (68%) newborns were fed with colostrum. Regarding cord cutting procedures among home deliveries, it was observed that clean blade was used in 15 newborns while in 3 cases aseptic practice for cord cutting was not followed.
Conclusions: Good newborn practices like promotion of warmth, cord care, hygiene and early breastfeeding should be the main focus of community-based health workers. The present study concluded that some unhealthy neonatal care practices were still found to be prevalent which can be mitigated by increasing awareness among parents through IEC activities.
Determination of immunisation status of children between 2-5 years of age who attending to teaching institute with concern to both national immunization schedule and optional vaccines
Authors: Hanshila Vudaga , Khadeer Shaik , Sumera Syeda
Published: May 2024

Background: In order to know the causes for non-immunisation, search for societal reasons for primary immunisation along with evaluating coverage. Aim of this current study is to determine the immunisation status of children between 2-5 years of age who are attending teaching health care centre with concern to both National Immunisation Schedule and Optional vaccines.
Methods: Study analysed the children's immunisation status, factors affecting their immunisation coverage, and reasons for partial or incomplete immunisation. The information was obtained from the parents using a questionnaire. Information such as socio-demographic variables, immunisation status, causes of their partial immunisation and lack of immunisation. The "vaccination card and the recall" approach was used to determine the recipient's immunisation status.
Results: Study found that 70.4% of children had received all recommended vaccinations. Lack of information and ignorance are significant contributors to under-immunization. Other statistically significant contributing factors for the low immunisation coverage include female gender, rural background, low socioeconomic status, born at home, lower mother age, and being from a joint household. BCG vaccination coverage was higher than pentavalent vaccine coverage, probably because of multiple doses needed. Only 77% of kids received vitamin A solution.
Conclusions: Paediatrician should mention the next vaccination date and dose at each appointment in order to lower the vaccination dropouts. Parents should be informed regarding the date of vaccination of their child through SMS message, calls, and social media groups.
Cutaneous findings in neonates and their socio-demographic profile: a prospective observational study
Authors: Afeeh Ariba , Rasool Ifra , Gupta Ravinder K. , Mahajan Anirudh
Published: May 2024

Background: A wide range of disorders can manifest as skin lesions due to the great difficulty the skin encounters while transitioning from an aqueous to a dry environment in a neonate. Among the skin conditions commonly seen in neonates are temporary benign lesions, atopic dermatitis (and associated disorders), bullous dermatoses. Aim was to study the various patterns of skin lesions in neonates and to estimate the prevalence of physiological and pathological skin lesions.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatrics at Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences and Hospital (ASCOMS) a tertiary care hospital in Jammu. A total of 300 neonates (day 1 to day 28 of life) and having any skin lesions or manifestations born at the hospital or visiting out patient’s department were included in the study. The data collected was compiled on excel sheet and was analyzed statistically by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0.
Results: It was found that the most of the skin manifestations were observed in neonates born to multiparous mothers at term gestation and having average weight. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The frequency of the cutaneous manifestations were seen more in neonates born via the caesarean section.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the most common skin lesion was erythema toxicum followed by icterus neonatorum.
Epidemiological and clinical profiles of septic arthritis in children of 0-2 years of age in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Ahmad Ekbal , Singh Priyanka , Pradhan Pawan , Singh Vijay Kumar , Sharma Bhoopendra
Published: May 2024

Background: Septic arthritis identified as infectious arthritis is a serious joint infection following the invasion of joint cavities by infectious agents usually bacteria. Due to speediness of joint destruction untreated septic arthritis may result in morbidity and mortality.
Methods: Out of 71 sick children attending pediatric OPD/IPD of BRDMC Gorakhpur with musculoskeletal infection during November 2019 to October 2020, 52 patients of 0-2 years of age were enrolled for study. The computerized charts containing various parameters related to the epidemiological and clinical profiles of the patients were recorded and analyzed following statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 23.
Results: Out of 52 children 28.8% were neonates under the age of 28 days, 73.1% were full-term infants and 23.1% were premature. Likewise, 17.3% of the cases were with low birth weight whereas 7.7% had a history of septic infection. Hip joints in 65.4%, knee joints in 23.1% and elbow and shoulder joints in 5.8% of patients were infected. 44.2% of cases had right side involvement, 36.5% left side, 19.2% e bilateral joints, 80.8% Mono-articular and 19.2% showed poly-articular involvement. 84.6% of cases showed joint pain whereas 92.3% showed joint swelling. In 20% patients microbial culture of joint fluid revealed the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Candida spp, E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. In 78.8% cases no growth of any pathogen was recorded in their blood culture. Ultrasonography (USG) diagnosis revealed fluid collection at joints in 94.2% cases while 5.8% exhibited pus collection.
Conclusions: Septic arthritis was more common in males than females, monoarticular involvement was more common on the right side, hip joints were most affected joints and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen affecting the patients.
Nutritional status in patients admitted to pediatric intensive care unit and its corelation with outcome
Authors: Patel Maitri , Badhiye Ankita , Chanpura Vaishali , Patel Bhargav
Published: May 2024

Background: The incidence of malnutrition in children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), has always been significant. In addition, nutritional status of critically ill children deteriorates further during their PICU stay and may have negative effect on patients` outcome. This study aims to determine the critically ill children, to analyse and document its impact on outcome and to survey current nutritional practices and support in PICU.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study done over a period of 10 months on critically ill patients admitted in PICU of department of pediatrics at Baroda medical college and Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad hospital, Vadodara.
Results:  Total of 350 patients admitted in PICU of S. S. G. hospital, Vadodara were enrolled in the study. Malnutrition was higher in age 6-60-month age group (57%) of patients admitted in PICU, 81% of severe acute malnutrition patients required mechanical ventilation and 19% required HFNC support, there was statistically significant difference in mortality (51.1%) of SAM patients as compared to normal patients.
Conclusions: Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients admitted to PICU, with more complications with prolonged ventilator support, longer duration of stay in PICU.
Serum ferritin levels in children of simple febrile seizures in tertiary institute
Authors: Mahajan Anirudh , Rasool Ifra , Gupta Ravinder K. , Sharma Harsh Vardhan , Mehta Abhijay
Published: May 2024

Background: Seizure onset is impacted by a number of variables, including genetics, diet, geography, concurrent illnesses, metabolic state, history of head trauma, and blood levels of particular minerals. Due to the fact that iron is required for the proper functioning of a number of enzymes and neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, low blood ferritin levels may lower the seizure threshold. The aim of the study was to determine the association between serum ferritin levels and simple febrile seizures.
Methods: The present observational study was conducted in department of pediatrics of a tertiary institute and included a total of 200 study subjects who visited to pediatric OPD/emergency room with febrile illness. The data was collected with the help of a structured clinical proforma. The collected data was recorded in Microsoft Excel sheet and statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 21.0.
Results: In our study, the maximum number of the study subjects were between 13 and 24 months (35%) with male to female ratio 1.2:1. In patients with simple febrile seizure the mean Hb level was 9.1±1.4 gm/dl, the mean MCV was 72.6±7.4 f1, mean MCH was 23.73±3.2 pg and mean serum ferritin was 13.4±9.5 ng/ml as compared to those patients with febrile illness without seizure the mean Hb level was 11.5±1.2 gm/dl, mean MCV was 82.1±5.5 f1, mean MCH was 29.6±2.9 pg and mean serum ferritin was 33.6±20.2 ng/ml.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the low serum ferritin level is a risk factor of simple febrile seizure.
Related factors of the nutritional status of malnutrition in Cham ethnic children aged 6-24 months
Authors: Tran Quang Hien
Published: May 2024

Background: This study aims to identify factors related to the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months of the Cham ethnic group in Tan Chau town, An Giang province in 2018.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Cham ethnic children aged from 6 to 24 months at the time of the survey and their mothers living in Tan Chau town, An Giang province were included in the study as subjects.
Results: In the underweight group, the risk of malnutrition for subsequent children is 2.5 times higher compared to the first-born children in the family, and this difference is statistically significant with p<0.05. Among the underweight, stunted, and wasted groups, children with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams have a higher rate of malnutrition compared to those with a birth weight of 2500 grams or more, but this difference is not statistically significant with p>0.05. In the underweight and wasted groups, children who frequently fall ill have a higher rate of malnutrition compared to those who do not fall ill often; however, this difference is not statistically significant with p>0.05. No correlation has been found between the presence of congenital disabilities and the condition of stunting in children with p>0.05.
Conclusions: Several factors related to the personal lives of Cham ethnic children aged 6-24 months contribute to the state of malnutrition. It is necessary to enhance communication and counseling efforts to help reduce the malnutrition rate among children in the area as well as within the community.
The efficacy and safety of patent ductus arteriosus stent versus surgical aortopulmonary shunt in the management of babies with duct dependent circulation: a meta-analysis and review of literature
Authors: Das Aditi , Koirala Satish , Awasthy Neeraj
Published: May 2024

This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of both patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stents and surgical aortopulmonary shunt (APS) as the initial palliative measures in babies relying on ductal-dependent circulation. This review is essential to compare the outcome of relatively newer catheter-based PDA stent procedure with a surgical APS. By synthesizing existing literature, this review aims to provide insights to inform clinical practice and enhance patient care in this challenging clinical scenario. The methodology involved an extensive search of PubMed and Embase databases using specific keywords and terminology related to mortality, procedural outcomes, and postprocedural complications following PDA stent and APS in cyanotic congenital heart defects (CHD) patients. Six retrospective observational studies met the criteria, with 757 patients included. The analysis showed comparable mortality rates between PDA stents and APS. However, PDA stents were associated with decreased risks of mechanical circulatory support, postprocedural complications, and shorter hospital stays, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit stays compared to APS. Notably, patients with pulmonary atresia scheduled for biventricular surgery were more prevalent among those receiving PDA stents.  In conclusion, while the risk of mortality is similar between PDA stents and APS, PDA stents offer advantages such as shorter hospital stays and reduced complications. Patient characteristics also vary, with a higher prevalence of intact ventricular septum among those receiving PDA stents.
Prevertebral thoracic abscess in neonate- a previously unknown cause of respiratory failure in neonates: a case report
Authors: Sharma Pragya D. , Devaranavadagi Ranganatha A. , Kannur Netra S. , Nagesh Karthik
Published: May 2024

A prevertebral abscess is one of the serious infections of the prevertebral space. Prevertebral abscess cases are reported in children and adults. However, it has not been reported in neonates to date, and our team report a case of prevertebral abscess in a 17-day-old baby. A previously healthy term neonate with no antecedent risk factors and an evident source of infection presented with respiratory failure and repeated extubation failures. On evaluation, bronchoscopy revealed antero-posterior collapse of the trachea; further evaluation by computed tomography scan revealed a prevertebral thoracic abscess which was compressing the trachea. Surgical drainage and IV antibiotics led to complete resolution, and the neonate is doing well on follow-up. Prevertebral thoracic abscess is an uncommon cause of airway compression in the neonates. It is important to consider in the differential diagnosis of airway compression.
Early surprise: managing natal tooth in a 22-day-old infant
Authors: Singh Vritika , Sharma Reema , Jain Shantanu , Marwah Nikhil , Sharma Vipul
Published: May 2024

The presence of teeth at birth or earlier than expected is a rare phenomenon and can evoke a variety of reactions. Natal teeth are those present at birth, while neonatal teeth appear within the first 30 days after birth, constituting an unusual and rare occurrence. This case report describes the management of a 22-day-old female infant with presence of an excessively mobile tooth in the lower jaw since birth, causing breastfeeding difficulties. The tooth appeared whitish opaque in colour, with grade II mobility. Crown size, shape, and appearance were similar to normal teeth. Due to the association of natal teeth with breastfeeding discomfort, extraction was recommended. No vitamin K prophylaxis was administered as the baby had achieved normal safe levels. Topical anesthesia was applied, and the tooth was extracted using primary anterior forceps. Hemostasis was achieved with sterile cotton gauze, and the patient was discharged post-extraction.
CULTURA E REPRESENTAÇÕES SIMBÓLICAS
Authors: Silva Rosemary Francisca Neves
Published: May 2024

Editorial.
Análisis de recursos turísticos de los países de la Región Andina para su puesta en valor y transformación
Authors: ´Guerrero María Cristina , Proaño Mariano , Zambrano Ricardo , Díaz Emily , Larrahondo Cristhian
Published: May 2024

Frente al desafío de llevar a cabo un proceso de transformación productiva, varios países de la Región Andina han señalado al turismo como un sector con gran potencial de desarrollo en la región. Hoy en día, este sector ha tenido solamente un rol limitado en estas economías, el cual se vio aún más reducido por la pandemia. Pese a esto, su potencial de crecimiento es importante, especialmente dado el gran capital natural y cultural que hace únicos a los países andinos. Este estudio presenta un panorama del sector en la Región Andina, específicamente, se explora el estado del sector, el marco institucional relevante en el país, así como un marco analítico para identificar activos con potencial a desarrollar.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO GEOTÉCNICA DOS SOLOS DE PASSO FUNDO E ERECHIM, E GEOLÓGICA DA ROCHA DE PASSO FUNDO
Authors: Sachetti Álisson Silveira , Rojas José Waldomiro Jimenez , Heineck Karla Salvagni
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar a caracterização geotécnica dos solos localizados no munícipio de Passo Fundo e Erechim, e geológica da rocha de Passo Fundo, ambas cidades localizadas no norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Desse modo, foram realizados ensaios que envolvem os seguintes parâmetros geotécnicos para o solo: granulometria por sedimentação e peneiramento, limites de Atterberg, densidade real dos grãos, análises químicas e físicas, e por fim o ensaio de compactação, e os seguintes parâmetros geológicos para a rocha: análises petrográficas de lâminas delgadas e fluorescência de raios X. Com o término de toda a caracterização geotécnica e geológica, os materias foram classificados de acordo com sistemas de classificação encontrados em literatura pertinente. Portanto, a série de ensaios e análises realizadas possibilitou a caracterização dos materiais cujos resultados permitem estabelecer as seguintes conclusões: o solos de Passo Fundo e Erechim, quanto à granulometria, classificam-se como argilosos, e a rocha, a partir dos ensaios de fluorescência de raios X constatou-se que se classifica como ácida do tipo riodacito.
ESTUDO NUMÉRICO DE FUNDAÇÕES SUPERFICIAIS SOBRE SISTEMA DE DUPLA CAMADA
Authors: Faro Vítor Pereira , Consoli Nilo Cesar
Published: May 2024

Foi estudado, através do Método dos Elementos Finitos, o comportamento de fundações superficiais assentes em sistemas de dupla camada, sendo a superior artificialmente cimentada, com uma largura igual a três vezes o diâmetro da fundação. Sendo H a espessura de solo cimentado e D o diâmetro da fundação, foram feitas diversas simulações para as várias relações H/D (desde zero até 4,0). Depois de confirmada a influência da relação H/D na resposta carga x recalque de fundações superficiais, foi feita uma análise paramétrica após a qual é proposta uma nova metodologia de dimensionamento de fundações superficiais assentes em sistema de dupla camada, sendo a superior cimentada. Finalmente, a capacidade de suporte de fundações superficiais assentes em camadas cimentadas foram simuladas com sucesso através da nova metodologia apresentada. Para a prática da engenharia o método proposto, através de curvas carga-recalque, fornece boas previsões para a obtenção da capacidade de suporte de fundações superficiais.
VIH: Modelos predictivos de CD4+
Authors: Prieto Bohórquez Signed Esperanza , Correa Herrera Sandra Catalina , Rodríguez Velásquez Javier Oswaldo , Pérez Díaz Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2024

La enfermedad por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es un problema de magnitud mundial, que ha impuesto retos para la biología molecular, epidemiología y otras especialidades médicas, por la ausencia de tratamientos que curen la enfermedad y de vacunas que prevengan su desarrollo. Estas dificultades han requerido del abordaje multidisciplinar de las ciencias para entender aspectos claves tanto de la evolución de la enfermedad como de las potenciales consideraciones diagnósticas, terapéuticas y pronósticas. Las investigaciones básicas y clínicas han sugerido un rol importante de la vigilancia de marcadores como los linfocitos CD4+, no solamente porque son diana natural del virus e indican la evolución de la infección, sino porque se ha planteado que este marcador tiene implicaciones pronósticas para las personas infectadas. El propósito principal de este libro consiste en describir la aplicación de las teorías físicas y matemáticas que ha desarrollado el grupo Insight, en particular la teoría de la probabilidad y la teoría de conjuntos, para predecir el comportamiento de los linfocitos CD4+ en personas que viven con el VIH, considerando que es uno de los biomarcadores medidos con los cuales se evalúa la progresión de la enfermedad, entre otras. Para lograr lo anterior, se reseñarán generalidades de la enfermedad y el desarrollo de la inmunología así como los fundamentos matemáticos y físicos que sustentan el desarrollo y aplicabilidad de estas metodologías.
Haploid ve Diploid Mısır Bitkilerinde Karyotipleme için Kromozom Boyama Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Kahrıman Fatih , Songur Umut , Baştuğ Taha , Ovalı Mehmet
Published: May 2024

In vivo katlanmış haploid tekniği mısır ıslah çalışmalarında homozigot hatların geliştirilmesinde kullanılan yöntemlerden biridir. İn vivo katlanmış haploid tekniği kullanılarak oluşturulan haploid ve diploid bitkileri sınıflandırmak için çeşitli analiz tekniklerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada in vivo katlanmış haploid tekniği ile elde edilen örneklerin plodi seviyesini belirlemek amacıyla farklı kromozom boyama yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, iki farklı donör (B73, HyaxB73) ile bir indirgeyicinin (CIM2GTAIL-P2) melezlenmesinden elde edilen haploid ve diploid mısır tohumları kullanılmıştır. Çimlendirilmiş tohumların kök meristemlerindeki ploidi seviyelerini belirlemek için farklı ön işlemler (Soğuk su, Carnoy, Colchicine, ve Kontrol) ile iki boyama yönteminin (Acetocarmin, Feulgen) altı kombinasyonu karşılaştırılmıştır. Uygulanan muameleler; Ön işlem yok + Acetocarmin (T1), Ön işlem yok + Feulgen (T2), Soğuk su + Carnoy + 1N HCl + Acetocarmin (T3), Soğuk su + Carnoy + 1N HCl + Feulgen (T4), Colchicine + Carnoy + 1N HCl + Acetocarmin (T5), Colchicine + Carnoy + 1N HCl +Feulgen (T6) şeklinde düzenlenmiştir. İki donör materyalden elde edilen toplam 120 adet tohum örneği çimlendirilerek kök ucu örnekleri elde edilmiştir. Bu numunelere Acetocarmin ve Feulgen boyama yöntemleri uygulanarak toplam 6 farklı işlem uygulanmıştır. Hazırlanan slaytların dijital görüntüleri kaydedilmiş ve ImageJ yazılımı kullanılarak karyotip analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre 1N HCl uygulamasının Feulgen boyaması için kritik bir adım olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada test edilen kombinasyonlar arasında en başarılı sonuçlar T3 ve T4'ten elde edilmiştir. Bu uygulamanın görüntü analizlerine dayalı karyotip analizi sonrasında haploid numunelerde uzun kol/kısa kol oranlarının 1,86 ile 2,57 arasında değiştiği, diploid numunelerde ise 1,50 ile 3,42 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Haploid ve diploid örneklerin kromozomlarının farklı morfometrik özelliklere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Haploid örneklerin tüm kromozomları metasentrik iken diploid örneklerde metasentrik, sub-metasentrik ve sub-telosentrik kromozomlar tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada farklı ön işlemlerin karyotip analizlerinde kullanılan dijital görüntülerin kalitesi üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür.
STROKE SEVERITY ANALYSIS THROUGH CT-SCAN IMAGE TEXTURE ANALYSIS OF THE BRAIN WITH GRAY LEVEL RUN LENGTH MATRIX METHOD
Authors: Mulyono Agus , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Anripa Nuralfin
Published: May 2024

The condition of a stroke is when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted due to a blockage (ischemicstroke) or rupture of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). This condition causes certain areas of thebrain to be deprived of the supply of oxygen and nutrients resulting in the death of brain cells. Thisstudy aims to determine the process of ischemic stroke assistance and hemorrhagic analysis through CTScan image texture GLRLM brain method with the classification method using discriminant analysisand determine the level of accuracy. In this study there are 3 stages, namely preprocessing, learningstages and testing stages. The results of the assessment of stroke in the ischemic and hemorrhagiccategories through texture analysis of CT scan images using the GLRLM brain method with aclassification accuracy of 100%.
SUMEDANG EARTHQUAKE RELOCATION PERIOD DECEMBER 31, 2023 – JANUARY 4, 2024 USING DOUBLE DIFFERENCE METHOD
Authors: Maftuha Ninda , Zera Tati , NurFaizi Mochamad
Published: May 2024

On December 31, 2023, an earthquake occurred in Sumedang with a magnitude of M=4.8. The location of the epicenter is at coordinates 6.85'S and 107.94'E, or precisely on land at a distance of 2 km northeast of the center of Sumedang City, with a hypocenter of 5 km. This earthquake is categorized as a shallow earthquake (M