bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction between particles with inhomogeneous surface charge distributions: Revisiting the Coulomb fission of dication molecular clusters
Authors: Filippov A. V. , Chen X. , Harris C. , Stace A. J. , Besley E.
Published: October 2019

An analytical solution describing the electrostatic interaction between particles with inhomogeneous surface charge distributions has been developed. For particles, each carrying a single charge, the solution equates to the presence of a point charge residing on the surface, which makes it particularly suitable for investigating the Coulomb fission of doubly charged clusters close to the Rayleigh instability limit. For a series of six separate molecular dication clusters, center-of-mass kinetic energy releases have been extracted from experimental measurements of their kinetic energy spectra following Coulomb fission. These data have been compared with Coulomb energy barriers calculated from the electrostatic interaction energies given by this new solution. For systems with high dielectric permittivity, results from the point charge model provide a viable alternative to kinetic energy releases calculated on the assumption of a uniform distribution of surface charge. The equivalent physical picture for the clusters would be that of a trapped proton. For interacting particles with low dielectric permittivity, a uniform distribution of charge provides better agreement with the experimental results.
The dual advanced ion simultaneous implantation experiment (DAISIE) for testing plasma-facing materials
Authors: Jasica Matthew J. , Kulcinski Gerald L. , Santarius John F. , Bonomo Richard M.
Published: October 2019

A new dual ion beam experimental facility, the Dual Advanced Ion Simultaneous Implantation Experiment (DAISIE), has been constructed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Inertial Electrostatic Confinement laboratory for implanting candidate plasma-facing components of multiple ion species. DAISIE is capable of implanting ions at energies from 10 kV to 50 kV, ion currents of 10 µA–950 µA, corresponding to steady-state ion fluxes of 1 × 1014 cm−2 s−1 to 1 × 1016 cm−2 s−1, incidence angles of 55°, and surface temperatures of at least 1100 °C. Improvements to the sample current and sample temperature measurement and control systems over those used in prior UW-IEC experiments have been made. Optical measurements of the spot size of the beam on samples in DAISIE are in agreement with existing measurements of the ion beam and spot size in previous UW-IEC experiments. Dual-beam operation has been confirmed with helium-deuterium ion implantations in tungsten surfaces.
Modification of three-dimensional instability in the planar shear flow around two circular cylinders in tandem
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhu Hongbo , Bao Yan , Zhou Dai , Ping Huan , Han Zhaolong , Xu Hui
Published: October 2019

Direct stability analysis based on the Floquet theory has been employed to clarify the effects of planar shear on three-dimensional instabilities in the wake of two identical circular cylinders of diameter D in tandem arrangement. The center-to-center separation (Lx) in the range of 1.2 ≤ Lx/D ≤ 2.5 was considered. The onset of the three-dimensional instabilities was calculated, and the critical Reynolds number and corresponding spanwise wavenumber varying with the separation were discussed for different shear rates. Representative configurations were chosen to illustrate different transition scenarios, with the three-dimensional instabilities studied in detail for each case. It was found that three different effects of planar shear on the three-dimensional synchronous instability originally present in the otherwise uniform flow were identified depending on the separation. A subharmonic mode referred to as mode SS was observed to develop in the wake due to the flow asymmetry caused by the planar shear. This subharmonic mode differs from the C-type mode in terms of both the spatial structure and critical spanwise wavelength. Furthermore, the mode SS instability was found to be intensified as the shear becomes stronger, and it develops more rapidly than the synchronous modes.
A micro-statistical constructive model for magnetization and magnetostriction under applied stress and magnetic fields
Authors: Wu Libo , Yao Kai , Zhao Bingxun , Wang Yue-Sheng
Published: October 2019

Magnetization and magnetostriction are of critical importance to understand the magnetic behavior of ferromagnetic materials under stress and magnetic fields. The micromechanism of magnetization (or magnetostriction) is determined by the probability of angular distribution of magnetic moments and saturation magnetization (or saturation deformation). Thus, the probability of angular distribution of magnetic moments is important to construct the relationship between the magnetization (or magnetostriction) and magnetic moments. In this letter, a new microstatistical model is developed to explain the magnetization and magnetostriction mechanisms for isotropic materials. The probability of angular distribution between magnetic moment and magnetic field is expressed by a modified Boltzmann distribution. The results calculated by the present model are compared with the experimental results. The values of the determination coefficient R2 indicate that the present model can accurately describe the relationship between magnetization and magnetostriction under both stress and magnetic fields.
Extraction of the equilibrium pinning force on a contact line exerted from a wettability boundary of a solid surface through the connection between mechanical and thermodynamic routes
Authors: Kusudo Hiroki , Omori Takeshi , Yamaguchi Yasutaka
Published: October 2019

By molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we investigated the effects of chemical inhomogeniety of a wall surface on the equilibrium pinning behavior of a contact line (CL) of solid (S), liquid (L), and vapor (V) phases. We analyzed a quasi-two-dimensional LV-meniscus of Lennard-Jones fluid formed between two parallel flat solid walls, where the CL was located around the wetting boundary (WB) between lyophilic and lyophobic areas of the wall surface. Based on the relationship between the wall-tangential stress integral at the SL or SV interface and the corresponding thermodynamic work of adhesion WSL or WSV shown in our previous study [Y. Yamaguchi et al., J. Chem. Phys. 150, 044701 (2019)], the mechanical balance on the fluid around the CL was successfully described by the relation among WSL, WSV, the apparent contact angle, and the pinning force. In addition, the depinning force needed to move the CL across the WB was estimated as the difference between WSL values at lyophilic and lyophobic areas. Since the works of adhesion WSL and WSV can be easily calculated independently in simple systems through the thermodynamics integration, such a connection between the mechanical and thermodynamic routes provides a possible pathway toward the understanding of wetting including CL-pinning without the need of computationally demanding calculation of the local stress distributions.
First-principles study of point defects in LiGaO2
Authors: Boonchun Adisak , Dabsamut Klichchupong , Lambrecht Walter R. L.
Published: October 2019

The native point defects are studied in LiGaO2 using hybrid functional calculations. We find that the relative energy of formation of the cation vacancies and the cation antisite defects depends strongly on the chemical potential conditions. The lowest energy defect is found to be the GaLi2+ donor. It is compensated mostly by VLi−1 and in part by LiGa−2 in the more Li-rich conditions. The equilibrium carrier concentrations are found to be negligible because the Fermi level is pinned deep in the gap and this is consistent with insulating behavior in pure LiGaO2. VGa has high energy under all reasonable conditions. Both GaLi and VO are found to be negative U centers with deep 2+/0 transition levels.
Dynamical properties of a room temperature ionic liquid: Using molecular dynamics simulations to implement a dynamic ion cage model
Authors: Sha Maolin , Ma Xiaohang , Li Na , Luo Fabao , Zhu Guanglai , Fayer Michael D.
Published: October 2019

The transport behavior of ionic liquids (ILs) is pivotal for a variety of applications, especially when ILs are used as electrolytes. Many aspects of the transport dynamics of ILs remain to be understood. Here, a common ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BmimNTf2), was studied with molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that BmimNTf2 displays typical structural relaxation, subdiffusive behavior, and a breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein diffusion relation as in glass-forming liquids. In addition, the simulations show that the translational dynamics, reorientation dynamics, and structural relaxation dynamics are well described by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation like fragile glass forming liquids. Building on previous work that employed ion cage models, it was found that the diffusion dynamics of the cations and anions were well described by a hopping process random walk where the step time is the ion cage lifetime obtained from the cage correlation function. Detailed analysis of the ion cage structures indicated that the electrostatic potential energy of the ion cage dominates the diffusion dynamics of the caged ion. The ion orientational relaxation dynamics showed that ion reorientation is a necessary step for ion cage restructuring. The dynamic ion cage model description of ion diffusion presented here may have implications for designing ILs to control their transport behavior.
Analysis of diagnostic data for sexually transmissible infections in South Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (2008–16)
Authors: Elliott Salenna R. , Betts Sarah , Hobbs Katie , Wand Handan , Rumbold Alice R. , Ward James , Johnson David R.
Published: October 2019

Background
Australian Aboriginal communities experience a high burden of sexually transmissible infections (STIs). Since 2009, a comprehensive sexual health program has been implemented at nine Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in South Australia. This study assessed trends in STI testing and positivity using deidentified diagnostic data from this period (2008–16). Methods: Testing data for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) from one urban, three regional and five remote Aboriginal health services were analysed using logistic regression. Results: From 2008 to 2016, testing increased for CT (twofold), NG (threefold) and TV (sixfold). On average, 30% of testing occurred during an annual 6-week screen. Fewer males were tested (range 27–38% annually). Mean annual STI testing coverage was 28% for 16- to 30-year-old clients attending regional or remote services (2013–16). Positivity at first testing episode for all three infections declined during the study period. From 2013 to 2016, when testing was stable and changes in positivity were more likely to indicate changes in prevalence, there were significant reductions in CT positivity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2–0.5) and TV positivity (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9), although declines were statistically significant for females only. There was no significant decrease in NG positivity (aOR 0.9; 95% CI 0.5–1.5). Conclusions: Since the sexual health program began, STI testing increased and STI positivity declined, but significant reductions observed in CT and TV positivity were confined to females. These findings suggest evidence of benefit from sustained, comprehensive sexual health programs in Aboriginal communities with a high STI prevalence, but highlight the need to increase STI testing among men in these communities.
Binding of cloned Cel enzymes on clay minerals related to the pI of the enzymes and database survey of cellulases of soil bacteria for pI
Authors: Math Renukaradhya K , Kambiranda Devaiah , Yun Han Dae , Ghebreiyessus Yemane
Published: October 2019

The Cel genes from Bacillus licheniformis MSB03 were cloned and expressed to investigate binding ability on clay minerals and sea sand at pH ranging 3 to 9. FTIR analysis has been done to characterize bound enzymes on clay minerals. Subsequent, surveying of NCBI database for extracellular enzymes of soil bacteria was carried out. Among the five cloned Cel enzymes assayed for binding to clay minerals, only Cel5H enzyme had the binding ability. Enzyme Cel5H exhibited highest binding to montmorillonite followed by kaolinite and sea sand. Interestingly, Cel5H had higher pI value of 9.24 than other proteins (5.2–5.7). Cel5H binding to montmorillonite was shown to be negatively affected below pH 3 and above pH 9. Infrared absorption spectra of the Cel5H-montmorillonite complexes showed distinct peaks for clay minerals and bound proteins. Furthermore, database survey of soil bacterial extracellular enzymes revealed that Bacillus species enzymes had higher pI than other soil bacterial enzymes.
Integrated urban regeneration based on an interdisciplinary experience in Lisbon (Regeneración urbana integrada basada en una experiencia interdisciplinar en Lisboa)
Authors: Serrano-Jiménez Antonio , Lima Maria-Luísa , Barrios-Padura Ángela , Molina-Huelva Marta
Published: October 2019

European policies recommend holistic approaches based on interdisciplinary teams when tackling the urban regeneration of residential buildings. This research presents the experience and findings of a collaborative research project between the disciplines of architecture and environmental psychology conducted in the Barrio das Estacas district of Lisbon, which has a significant elderly population. The experience combined a technical diagnosis of the public space and residential buildings together with a diagnosis of the psychosocial variables of its residents, obtained by means of surveys, enabling the development of effective action proposals that promote ‘ageing at home’. The research seeks to highlight the true value of characterizing the resident population and analysing their needs and demands for the purposes of urban regeneration through consultation processes, integrating the interdisciplinary perspective in the design of efficient intervention protocols for society. The results show that the residents are satisfied with their residential environment but have noted significant technical contraventions, requirements and demands for work that would improve their safety, health and comfort.
Risk experience, emotions, place identity, and coping strategies in people affected by an unexpected fire (Experiencia de riesgo, emociones, identidad de lugar y estrategias de afrontamiento en personas afectadas por un incendio inesperado)
Authors: Bernardo Fátima , Santos Luís , Dias Débora , Rodrigues Mariana
Published: October 2019

This study is intended to elucidate the impact of the experience of risk on emotions and coping strategies following an unexpected fire. It looked at residents of the Island of Madeira, where a highly destructive fire had recently occurred. Two groups were compared (people who had been affected directly by the fire event and others who had not) in order to study their risk perception, emotions and coping strategies, and to explore the variables that might contribute to explaining each group’s coping strategies.

The results showed that people affected directly by the fire reported higher levels of active coping strategies, such as analysis and prevention. Women displayed higher levels of fear and less use of active coping strategies. The results also revealed that anger, local identity and fire experience predicted both analysis and prevention forms of coping. However, coping delegation was only predicted by local identity, and coping denial just by fear.
About smells and nature: an exploratory study on the links between environmental identity, smell sensitivity, and sensory uses of natural spaces (Sobre los olores y la naturaleza: un estudio exploratorio sobre los nexos entre la identidad ambiental, la sensibilidad olfativa y los usos sensoriales de los espacios naturales)
Authors: Truong Minh-Xuan , Bonnefoy Barbara , Prévot Anne-Caroline
Published: October 2019

Regular contact with urban nature has been shown to have positive effects on human health and cognitive and psychological restoration. Although complex and multisensory, the sensory part of the experience of nature has been primarily studied through vision and audition. In contrast, despite its importance in the formation of human self and identity, the sense of smell remains little explored with respect to understanding an individual’s psychological relationship with nature. In a quantitative study, we used an online questionnaire to study the individual relationship between neurological and physiological self-reported smell sensitivity, affective and emotional connection to nature, and actual sensory experiences in natural spaces. Based on the answers from 463 French adult respondents, we demonstrate that people having high smell sensitivity also have greater sensory uses of natural spaces, and that this correlation is mediated by their environmental identity. We then highlight the fact that the environmental identity, in its definition, could deeply be sense-related. These initial results call for a better understanding of how nature is experienced through smell and other senses, how these experiences can influence the way people interact with natural spaces, and the future use and management of natural spaces.
Interest of Social Representations Theory to grasp coastal vulnerability and to enhance coastal risk management (Interés de la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales para entender la vulnerabilidad costera y para mejorar la gestión de los riesgos costeros)
Authors: Meur-Ferec Catherine , Guillou Elisabeth
Published: October 2019

This theoretical paper provides a new perspective on coastal vulnerability analysis by combining geography and psycho-social approaches. Most studies on perceptions of coastal risks report that people who are exposed have a low level of perceived vulnerability (they are not anxious), strong place attachment (they love their living place and want to live close to the sea) and are resistant to changes in adaptation strategies (they do not want to move away). For natural scientists and managers, these findings usually appear as paradoxes that enhance vulnerability and lead to these people being labelled ‘irrational’, ‘in denial’, ‘uninformed’ or ‘uneducated’. Based on our long-term studies among coastal inhabitants in France, we believe that using Social Representations Theory (SRT) in this context enables us to go beyond these preconceived and individual-centred ideas towards a more contextualized view. This position extends theoretical risk/vulnerability research and is applicable to coastal risk management.
Beware of thy neighbor: Senescent cancer cells feast on adjacent cells to persist
Authors: Napoli Marco , Flores Elsa R.
Published: October 2019

Chemotherapy-resistant tumor cells are responsible for poor patient outcome. In this issue, Tonnessen-Murray et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201904051) elegantly show that chemotherapy triggers macrophage-like features in surviving cancer cells, which in turn phagocyte normal and tumor cells alike to outlast dormancy and cause relapse.
Fifth-Order Alice-Bob Systems and Their Abundant Periodic and Solitary Wave Solutions*
Authors: Zhao Qi-Liang , Jia Man , Lou Sen-Yue
Published: October 2019

The study on the nonlocal systems is one of the hot topics in nonlinear science. In this paper, the well-known fifth-order integrable systems including the Sawada-Kotera (SK) equation, the Kaup-Kupershmidt (KK) equation and the fifth-order Koterweg-de Vrise (FOKdV) equation are extended to a generalized two-place nonlocal form, the generalised fifth-order Alice-Bob system. The Lax integrability of two sets of Alice-Bob systems for all the SK, KK and FOKdV type systems are explicitly given via matrix Lax pairs. The

P
^

T
^

symmetry breaking and symmetry invariant periodic and solitary waves for one set of nonlocal SK, KK and FOKdV system are investigated via a special travelling wave solution ansatz.
Magnetohydrodynamic Electroosmotic Flow with Patterned Charged Surface and Modulated Wettability in a Parallel Plate Microchannel*
Authors: Hao Na , Jian Yong-Jun
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electroosmotic flow (EOF) of Newtonian fluid through a zeta potential modulated parallel plate microchannel with patterned hydrodynamic slippage. The driven mechanism of the flow originates from the Lorentz force generated by the interaction of externally imposed lateral electric field Ey
and vertical magnetic field Bz
and electric field force produced by an externally applied electric field Ex
. It is assumed that the wall zeta potential and the slip length are periodic functions of axial coordinate x, an analytical solution of the stream function is achieved by utilizing the method of separation of variables and perturbation expansion. The pictures of streamlines are plotted and the vortex configurations produced in flow field due to patterned wall potential and hydrodynamic slippage are discussed. Based on the stream function, the velocity field and volume flow rate are obtained, which are greatly depend on some dimensionless parameters, such as slip length ls
, electrokinetic width λ, the amplitude δ of the patterned slip length, the amplitude m of the modulated zeta potential and Hartmann number Ha. The variations of velocity and volume flow rate with these dimensionless parameters are discussed in details. These theoretical results may provide some guidance effectively operating micropump in practical nanofluidic applications.
Gravitational Deflection of Massive Particles by a Schwarzschild Black Hole in Radiation Gauge*
Authors: Li Zong-Hai , Zhou Xia , Li Wei-Jun , He Guan-Sheng
Published: October 2019

The exact metric of a Schwarzschild black hole in the true radiation gauge was recently reported. In this work, we base on this gravity and calculate the gravitational deflection of relativistic massive particles up to the fourth post-Minkowskian order. It is found that the result is consistent with the previous formulations for both the case of dropping the fourth-order contribution and the case of light deflection. Our result might be helpful for future high-accuracy observations.
Coupling Instability of a Warm Relativistic Electron Beam with Ion-Channel Guiding
Authors: Rostami A. , Hajisharifi K. , Mehdian H. , Hasanbeigi A.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the coupling instability of warm relativistic electron beam (WREB) propagating through the ion channel guiding is investigated in detail. Obtaining the equilibrium state of the system by considering the self-electric and azimuthal magnetic field, the fluid-Maxwell equations as well as linear perturbation theory are employed to derive the dispersion relation of the excited modes in the system. Numerical analysis of the obtained dispersion relation shows that the electromagnetic (EM) instability can be induced nearly the center of the beam through coupling between the fast electron plasma wave (FEPW), originated from the longitudinal oscillation of WREB, and fast forward electromagnetic wave (FFEW). In this sense, growing the perturbation amplitude occurs due to transport the kinetic energy of WREB to the EM wave at the specific frequency range, where the phase velocity of FEPW and FFEW is coincided. The results of the present investigation will greatly contribute to the understanding of the stability of the warm relativistic electron beam in laboratory experiments, such as in free electron laser experiments, where the ion-channel guiding is used to confine the electrons against the self-repulsive forces generated by the beam itself.
Magnetic Properties of an Antiferromagnetic Spin-1/2 XYZ Model in the Presence of Different Magnetic Fields: Finite-Size Effects of Inhomogeneity Property*
Authors: Arian Zad Hamid , Zoshki Azam , Sabeti Moones
Published: October 2019

Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the anisotropic XYZ spin-1/2 finite chain under both homogeneous and inhomogeneous magnetic fields are theoretically studied at low temperature. Using exact diagonalization method (ED), we study the magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat of the model characterized in terms of the finite correlation length in the presence of three different magnetic fields including longitudinal, transverse, and transverse staggered magnetic fields. The magnetization, susceptibility, and the specific heat of the model are investigated under two conditions separately: (i) When the model is putted in the presence of homogeneous magnetic fields. (ii) When finite inhomogeneities are considered for all applied magnetic fields in the Hamiltonian. We show that for the finite-size XYZ chains at low temperature, the evident magnetization plateaus gradually convert to their counterpart quasi-plateaus when the transverse magnetic field increases. Moreover, the influence of the transverse and staggered transverse magnetic fields, and their corresponding inhomogeneities on the magnetization process, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat are reported in detail. Our exact results illustrate that by altering the inhomogeneity parameters, magnetization plateaus gradually convert to their counterpart quasi-plateaus. The specific heat manifests Schottky-type maximum, double-peak, and triple-peak, as well as, transformation between them by varying considered inhomogeneity parameters in the Hamiltonian.
Effect of toroidal plasma currents on the Wendelstein 7-X Scrape-Off Layer
Authors: Killer Carsten , Gao Yu , Perseo Valeria , Rudischhauser Lukas , Hammond Kenneth , Buttenschön Birger , Barbui Tullio , Blackwell Boyd D , Brunner Kai-Jakob , Drews Philipp , Endler Michael , Geiger Joachim , Grulke Olaf , Jakubowski Marcin , Klose Sören , Knauer Jens , Knieps Alexander , König Ralf , Li Yongliang , Neuner Ulrich , Niemann Holger , Otte Matthias , Schilling Jonathan , Sitjes Aleix Puig , Rahbarnia Kian , Stange Torsten
Published: October 2019

The role of toroidal plasma currents for the island divertor scrape-off layer in the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X is investigated using reciprocating electric probes. Experiments show that small amounts (of a few kA) of plasma current are sufficient to significantly affect the scrape-off layer plasma conditions, whereas higher plasma currents above 10kA result in more drastic changes. This behavior is linked to the effect of the plasma current on the rotational transform profile, which can result in significant shifts of the edge magnetic islands. These shifts affect the interaction of the islands with the divertor and can eventually result in a transition from a diverted to a limited plasma configuration. The probe observations are complemented by further edge diagnostics including plasma flow measurements, divertor Langmuir probes, divertor thermography and impurity spectroscopy.
Dynamical creation and detection of entangled many-body states in a chiral atom chain
Authors: Buonaiuto Giuseppe , Jones Ryan , Olmos Beatriz , Lesanovsky Igor
Published: October 2019

Open quantum systems with chiral interactions can be realized by coupling atoms to guided radiation modes in photonic waveguides or optical fibers. In their steady state these systems can feature intricate many-body phases such as entangled dark states, but their detection and characterization remains a challenge. Here we show how such collective phenomena can be uncovered through monitoring the record of photons emitted into the guided modes. This permits the identification of dark entangled states but furthermore offers novel capabilities for probing complex dynamical behavior, such as the coexistence of a dark entangled and a mixed phase. Our results are of direct relevance for current optical experiments, as they provide a framework for probing, characterizing and classifying classical and quantum dynamical features of chiral light–matter systems.
Lijiang 2.4-meter Telescope and its instruments
Authors: Wang Chuan-Jun , Bai Jin-Ming , Fan Yu-Feng , Mao Ji-Rong , Chang Liang , Xin Yu-Xin , Zhang Ju-Jia , Lun Bao-Li , Wang Jian-Guo , Zhang Xi-Liang , Ying Mei , Lu Kai-Xing , Wang Xiao-Li , Ji Kai-Fan , Xiong Ding-Rong , Yu Xiao-Guang , Ding Xu , Ye Kai , Xing Li-Feng , Yi Wei-Min , Xu Liang , Zheng Xiang-Ming , Feng Yuan-Jie , He Shou-Sheng , Wang Xue-Li , Liu Zhong , Chen Dong , Xu Jun , Qin Song-Nian , Zhang Rui-Long , Tan Hui-Song , Li Zhi , Lou Ke , Li Jian , Liu Wei-Wei
Published: October 2019

The Lijiang 2.4-meter Telescope (LJT), the largest common-purpose optical telescope in China, has been available to the worldwide astronomical community since 2008. It is located at the Gaomeigu site, Lijiang Observatory (LJO), in the southwest of China. The site has very good observational conditions. During its 10-year operation, several instruments have been equipped on the LJT. Astronomers can perform both photometric and spectral observations. The main scientific goals of LJT include recording photometric and spectral evolution of supernovae, reverberation mapping of active galactic nuclei, investigating the physical properties of binary stars and near-earth objects (comets and asteroids), and identification of exoplanets and all kinds of transients. Until now, the masses of 41 high accretion rate black holes have been measured, and more than 168 supernovae have been identified by the LJT. More than 190 papers related to the LJT have been published. In this paper, the general observation conditions of the Gaomeigu site is introduced at first. Then, the structure of the LJT is described in detail, including the optical, mechanical, motion and control system. The specification of all the instruments and some detailed parameters of the YFOSC is also presented. Finally, some important scientific results and future expectations are summarized.
Constraints on axion-like particles with different magnetic field models from the PKS 2155–304 energy spectrum
Authors: Bu Jia , Li Ya-Ping
Published: October 2019

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are a promising kind of dark matter candidate particle that are predicted to couple with photons in the presence of magnetic fields. The oscillations between photons and ALPs traveling in the magnetic fields have been used to constrain ALP properties. In this work, we obtain some new constraints on the ALP mass m
a and the photon-ALP coupling constant g with two different magnetic field models through TeV photons from PKS 2155–304. The first is the discrete-φ model in which the magnetic field has the orientation angle φ that changes discretely and randomly from one coherent domain to the next, and the second is the linearly-continuous-φ model in which the magnetic field orientation angle φ varies continuously across neighboring coherent domains. For the discrete-φ model, we can obtain the best constraints on the ALP mass m
1 = m
a/(1\ neV) = 0.1 and on the photon-ALP coupling constant g
11 = g/(10−11 GeV−1) = 5. The reasonable range of the ALP mass m
1 is 0.08 ∼ 0.2 when g
11 = 5, and the only reasonable value of the photon-ALP coupling constant is g
11 = 5 when m
1 = 0.1. For the linearly-continuous-φ model, we can obtain the best constraints on the ALP mass m
1 = 0.1 and on the photon-ALP coupling constant g
11 = 0.7. The reasonable range of the ALP mass m
1 is 0.05 ∼ 0.4 when g
11 = 0.7, and the reasonable range of the photon-ALP coupling constant g
11 is 0.5 ∼ 1 when m
1 = 0.1. All of the results are consistent with the upper bound (g < 6.6 × 10−11 GeV−1, i.e., g
11 < 6.6) set by the CAST experiment.
Climate change impacts the epidemic of dysentery: determining climate risk window, modeling and projection
Authors: Li Chenlu , Wu Xiaoxu , Ji Duoying , Liu Jianing , Yin Jie , Guo Zhiyi
Published: October 2019

Dysentery, an acute infectious disease still prevalent in many parts of the world, especially in developing counties, is caused by a group of bacteria known asShigella. Because of the sensitivity of dysentery to climate change, the relationship between dysentery incidence and climate factors has become a growing research interest. Previous studies have mainly focused on identifying key climate factors and examining the relationship between dysentery incidence and climate change. However, there has been little research on modeling and projecting the occurrence of dysentery based on key climate factors. Here we selected Binyang County in China, a subtropical monsoon climate region where epidemics are typical, as the study area. We used heat maps to extract climate risk windows (with minimum temperatures of 24 °C–26 °C, precipitation amounts of 160–380 mm, and relative humidities of 69%–85%) for dysentery transmission. We then developed a climate-dysentery model and validated its reliability. Finally, based on climate risk windows and the developed model, three earth system models (BNU-ESM, IPSL-CM5A-MR, and MIROC-ESM) were used to project future occurrence periods and incidence of dysentery under future climate condition. The projected results showed that May to August were high-incidence periods, and the occurrence of dysentery exhibited an upward trend in the future. Accordingly, we provided two practical recommendations for defeating dysentery: seasonal control in the study area, and advocacy of prevention in potentially pandemic regions. This study hopes to provide a theoretical basis for developing a dysentery warning system from the perspective of climate change.
The Antibacterial Activity of Natural Product Black Tea Theaflavins On Streptococcus Mutans
Authors: Chen Zhenyi , Wang Yina , Guo Chengyu , Li Hong
Published: October 2019

Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of the black tea theaflavins (TFs) on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) which cause the dentin caries. Methods (1) Broth dilution method was used for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). (2) Mixed bacterial suspension with three different concentrations of TFs and recorded pH values before and after anaerobic incubation. (3) Scanning electron microscopy was used for observing bacteria morphology. Results (1) The MIC and MBC were 0.5mg/ml and 1.0mg/ml respectively. (2) With the increasing concentration of TFs, the ability of bacteria to produce acid gradually decreased. (3) TFs changed the shape of S. mutans. Conclusions Theaflavins inhibits S. mutans effectively.
Microinverter for wireless charging
Authors: Maideen Abdhulkader Jeylani A , Kanakaraj J , Mahaboob Subahani A
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a multi stages grid connecting single phase micro-inverter for photo voltaic utilisation. Conventional single switch flyback inverter suffers from high voltage transients across switch, which leads to a significant reduction in efficiency, the stress on the device causes an increase in cooling arrangements and also underutilization of the device as far as the ratings are concerned. The proposed topology will have an additional switch and two clamped diodes at the primary side so as to have a reduction in the switch stress which increases the efficiency. Converter is operated in Discontinuous conduction mode to have a simple control and to avoid the stability issues. Simulation results authenticate the concert of the proposed method.
Extraction and conversion of exhaust heat from automobile engine in to electrical energy
Authors: Venkatesh A , Nazar Ali A , Jaiganesh R , Indragandhi V
Published: October 2019

The ever increasing demand for energy is leading to rapid depletion of our resources. Inspite of the advancement in renewable technology. It is therefore important that the available energy conserved and utilized efficiently. In automobiles about 60-70% of energy out of the total heat supplied by fuel is dissipated as waste heat and just about 30 to 40 percent is transformed into useful mechanical work [1-3].This paper focus on the recovery and utilization of waste heat into useful electrical energy by using Seebeck effect where in Thermoelectric Generators (TEG) are placed on the exhaust surface for converting heat directly into electrical energy. Thermoelectric generators are highly doped semiconductor solid state devices. The voltage throughput of the thermoelectric generator is given to a dc super lift converter circuit. The output of the super lift converter is used for battery charging.
Inter turn Fault Analysis on Wound Rotor Induction Machine
Authors: Nabanita D. , Sreedhar S , Zade Neha , Bhalerao Onkar , Potdar Pratik , Raja Singh R
Published: October 2019

Prevention of industrial machineries against internal and external faults is mandatory for uninterrupted operation. Identifying the exact faults or anomalies in the system and predicting the machine’s health continuously is an essential preventive measure. To realize the protection system, pre-analysis of various faults under different load conditions is mandatory and hence, paper analysis a critical fault “Inter turn fault” in the wound rotor induction machine (WRIM). Inter turn fault is developed experimentally in 2.2 kW WRIM with 20 percent of internal windings shorted under different load conditions (0 to 1 per unit load). Obtained results are analysed for various electrical and mechanical parameters, and the faulty effects are revealed.
An advanced control technique for a Grid-Tied Hybrid Renewable energy system with Reciprocated sinusoidal PWM methodology
Authors: Udayakumar M D , Sabarish P , Indragandhi V , Rajkumar A
Published: October 2019

This research paper deals with the algorithm based on the extraction of maximum powerknown as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) fromGrid-tied renewable energy system. Thesporadic nature of solarinsolationand the variable wind speed create the necessity to find out the optimal power that makes certainof obtaining of maximum energy from the renewable resources. The optimization can be done by implementing the MPPT mechanism in the controller design. A new parabolic prediction method is suggested for tracking the MPP continuously and Reciprocated sine PWM technique is applied for minimizing the unwanted harmonic contents in the delivered output power. The simulation and experimental results show the efficiencyand outcome of the proposed methodologies with regard tothe control ofthe output power delivered as well as the reduction in harmonics from the system.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF PHASE SHIFTED DC-DC FULL BRIDGE CONVERTER
Authors: Poudyal Prarthiv Evan , Vigneshwar V , Kumar N K , Indragandhi V , Ali A Nazar
Published: October 2019

Electric and hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) architectures require a small DC-DC converter to replace any conventional vehicle’s alternator. The DC-DC converter, also described as the vehicle Auxiliary Power Module (APM), provides power flow between the vehicle high voltage (HV) and low voltage (LV) DC bus. This abstract represents the phase shifted full bridge DC-DC converter scheme to design, simulate DC/DC Converter for a power rating of 80W intended for low power/auxiliary applications in electric vehicles The proposed converter is very beneficial as it can be used for 4 quadrant operation much adaptive to the unknown parameters in the PV system and these unknown parameters are estimated through the adaptation laws in the algorithm which guarantees maximum power extraction possible from the power converter for a PV system. The converter supplies AC current as per requirement. The overall stability of the converter output is analyzed by simulation. The results are compared with other existing converter results for improving power quality even further. The proposed results indicate the robustness of the proposed scheme.
A Robust Optimization Scheduling for Carrier Aircraft Support Operation Based on Critical Chain Method
Authors: Yuan Peilong , Xiao Wei , Li Zhengyang , Liang Hongyu , Zhao Zhenyu
Published: October 2019

The maintenance and service support of carrier aircraft (MSSCA) is a complex process involving many types of resources and activities that require optimisation which can be considered as a multi-resource constrained multi-project scheduling problem (MRCMPSP). It is of great significance to optimize the makespan and obtain a proactive robust schedule to be adaptive to the changes in the dynamic flight deck environment. This paper develops a critical chain method (CCM) for carrier aircraft support robust scheduling in a time-critical and resource-constrained operation environment. The CCM consists of developing a desirable deterministic schedule under multi resource constraints and time-critical issues, and adding a project buffer (PB) to the end of the schedule is used to get a robust proactive scheduling and deal with uncertainty. The triangular fuzzy number (TFN) is applied to describe the durations of each activities and calculate the PB size and obtain an appropriate proportionality between the activity duration and the buffer size. In the numerical research, different size simulations are designed to calculated the robust optimization scheduling. The computational results show that the CMM for carrier aircraft support robust scheduling can make a better decision in the robust proactive optimization scheduling about the resource allocation.
Water absorption and thermal degradation behavior of graphene reinforced poly(lactic) acid nanocomposite
Authors: Adesina OT , Jamiru T , Sadiku ER , Ogunbiyi OF , Adegbola TA
Published: October 2019

Thermal stability and high moisture absorption behaviour are major limitations of extensive application of the biodegradable poly(lactic) acid in a variety of technical application which includes the automotive sector. The use of nano fillers and appropriate processing techniques is being considered as a possible route to improve the performance of poly (lactic acid) composites. This study presents the improved performance of PLA composite via the novel processing technique of SPS. The response of the developed composite subjected to moisture absorption over a time range of 6 hrs, 12 hrs and 36 hrs indicated a negligible water uptake. Moreso, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test on the composite reveals thermal stability from room temperature up until 400° C for all the samples. The thermal degradation of the composite was observed above 400°C, indicating a substantial enhancement in its thermal property.
Push-Over Analysis of RC Frame with Corroded Rebar
Authors: Colajanni Piero , Recupero Antonino , Spinella Nino
Published: October 2019

As known, the Italian building heritage largely consists of reinforced concrete frames designed before the ‘80s, which are, in many cases, built in the absence of specific anti-seismic criteria. Moreover, many of them, today, are characterized by bad structural conditions. Moreover, the problem of the structural conditions of the existing buildings, and their residual strength capacity, is often linked to the deterioration induced by the corrosive phenomena, which end up having a big impact on steel rebar mechanical properties. In this work, in order to investigate the influence of corrosion-damage on seismic response of existing reinforced concrete structures, a study has been carried out by analysing the non-linear behaviour of a reinforced concrete frame. The strength deterioration and reduction of the cross-section of steel rebar have been investigated and taken into account in the numerical analysis. This work shows the way in which the corrosion levels affected the push-over response, and the numerical results have been deeply analysed.
Anti-sliding Risk Model of Wet Surface for Asphalt Pavement and Test Verification
Authors: Zhong Ke , Sun Mingzhi , Liu Zhaoxu , Ma Xiaochen , Chen Fei , Ma Rong
Published: October 2019

A layer of water film will form on the road surface in rainy weather. Due to the lubrication effect of water film, the anti-skid ability of driving vehicles decreases, which will lead to road traffic accidents. The contact between water film, tread rubber and pavement surface texture is the most direct and concrete when a vehicle travels on wet sliding road surface. Their respective characteristics and coupling effects provide the basis and essential source of tire-road friction. Based on this, in this paper a tire-road anti-skid safety risk model under rainy weather with friction coefficient as evaluation criterion was established by analyzing the fractal characteristics of asphalt pavement surface texture and the viscoelastic properties of rubber tire. Then the correctness of the model was verified by DF test. The test results show that the trend of friction curve calculated by the model is similar to that measured by DF test, which verifies that the model can be used to calculate and characterize the anti-sliding performance of road surface in rainy weather.
Laccase Enzyme Immobilization on Ferromagnetic Support Material for Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) Pretreatment
Authors: Rashid Shah Samiur , Huan Hu Shian , Rahim Mohd Hasbi Bin Ab , Sikder Md. Belal Hossain , Sasi Ahmed Abdulsalam H
Published: October 2019

Rapid development of oil palm industry causes a lot of environmental issues due to the large number of waste products such as OPEFB. OPEFB is rich in lignocellulose which can be hydrolyzed to product sustainable biofuel, an alternative sources of energy. The production of biofuel from lignocellulose waste requires pretreatment process to enhance efficiency of saccharification of the sugar content of the lignocellulose waste. Enzymatic pretreatment technique is more desirable as this technique does not generate greenhouse gas or any inhibitor that can interferes the saccharification process. Enzyme immobilization technique also involved to increase the stability of the enzyme and promote reutilization of the enzyme. In this study, laccase enzyme was immobilized on ferromagnetic particles to promote easy separation of the immobilized laccase enzymes from the reaction media. The result shows that laccase enzyme immobilized on the nickel particles which encapsulated with silica. 0.235 IU/g of immobilized laccase degraded 58 % of the lignin content in 0.5 g of OPEFB after 24 hours. Pretreated OPEFB increase the efficiency of saccharification by 161% in compare with the untreated OPEFB.
The Success Model of TQM on Managerial Performance
Authors: Fadli
Published: October 2019

The objectives of this study were to analyze technology of information, measurement of performance systems and systems of prize for performance of managerial of total management quality as a moderating variable. currently the managerial performance of PT. Pegadaian Kanwil I Medan is good, but the management has not been satisfied with the results to date. Therefore, this research is conducted to find out factors that can further improve management performance. The population in this study were employees at managerial level at PT. Pegadaian Kanwil I Medan (Persero). The method of determining the sample used in this a study is using criteria/purposive sampling method, primary data is the data used in this study, while multiple regression analysis method used on the data processing and interaction testing. This study showed that technology of information variables and measurement of performance systems partially had a positive significant effect on performance of managerial. TQM variables have a significant influence, this means that moderation is able to reinforce the influence of technology of information, measurement of performance systems and systems of reward for performance of managerial with positive coefficients.