bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of micronuclei frequency and other nuclear anomalies with flaxseed diet in metabolic syndrome patients
Authors: López-Jiménez José de Jesús , García-Ruvalcaba Alina , Méndez-Magaña Ana Cecilia , Granados-Manzo Claudia Elizabeth , Rosales-Rivera Lizet Yadira , García-Morales Elisa , Ayala-Buenrostro Priscila , De Alba-Espinoza Lorena Viridiana , Ángel-del Río Ana Carolina , Gaona-Sánchez Fabian , Fletes-Rayas Ana Lilia
Published: July 2020

Introduction

This study aimed to investigate whether a rich flaxseed diet could modify the micronuclei frequency, nuclear anomalies and biochemical and anthropometric parameters in metabolic syndrome patients.

Material and methods

Fifty-eight patients with metabolic syndrome were dichotomized into two groups, namely, the control group (CG) and the intervention group (IG), and the patients in the IG received a diet supplemented with flaxseed. The anthropometric and clinical parameters were measured. Nuclear anomalies isolated from the oral mucosa were analyzed at the beginning and end of the 3-month follow-up.

Results

After the nutritional follow-up, the percentage of fat was decreased in the CG (before, 45.40%; after, 37.89%, p < 0.001). In the IG, the weight (before, 81.03 ±13.17 kg; after, 79.81 ±13.47 kg, p = 0.01), body mass index (before, 32.7 ±5.4; after, 32.2 ±5.6, p = 0.009) and very-low-density lipoprotein (before, 31.96 ±15.23; after, 26.13 ±7.54, p = 0.04) were decreased. The frequencies of MN (micronucleated) and BN (binucleated) cells were decreased in the CG (before, 14.03 ±5.28, after 11.17 ±3.68; before, 2.66 ±3.5, after, 1.10 ±1.66; p = 0.001/0.02, respectively), while in the IG, the frequencies of MN and BN cells and NB (nuclear buds) were decreased (MN before, 4.97 ±5.47, after, 1.38 ±1.97 [p = 0.02]; BN before, 23.69 ±21.93, after, 10.66 ±10.34 [p = 0.007]; and NB before, 5.10 ±6.63, after, 2.17 ±2.74 [p = 0.03]).

Conclusions

The group that consumed a diet supplemented with flaxseed showed greater decreases in weight, body mass index and very-low-density lipoprotein than the CG. The numbers of nuclear anomalies were decreased in both groups, but greater mean decreases in micronuclei and binuclear cells were observed in the IG after 3 months.
The effects of three kinds of non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs on postoperative pain
and on the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-α and substance P in paediatric patients following orthopaedic hip surgery
Authors: Guo Jin-Li , Yue Yi-Ting , Cheng Hong , Huang Yong-Bo , Li Wen-Bin , Yan Xian-Yan , Gao Chao-Na , Guo Xiu-Juan
Published: July 2020

Introduction

This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of three commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce levels of serum tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-α) and substance P in children after orthopaedic hip surgery.

Material and methods

Ninety children were randomised into three groups (A, B, and C) of 30 patients each. After surgery, ketorolac tromethamine injections were given to patients in group A, ibuprofen suspensions were given to patients in group B, and acetaminophen suppositories were given to patients in group C. Pain and sedation scores were determined after 30 min and at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. Inflammatory factors, including serum TNF-α and substance P, were measured before, immediately after, and 24 h after surgery.

Results

The treatment was effective for pain relief and sedation in all three groups. The venous blood levels of TNF-α and substance P in all groups increased after the operation but decreased after 24 h, and this was statistically significant (p < 0.05). These levels significantly decreased in group A, the ketorolac tromethamine group, when compared to groups B and C, but the difference was not statistically significant. In terms of the incidence of adverse reactions, the level in group C was lower than that in group A and group B (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

NSAIDs are effective for analgesia after orthopaedic hip surgery in children 1 to 3 years old. However, ketorolac tromethamine is preferred because it can significantly and effectively reduce serum levels of TNF-α and substance P in patient serum and causes fewer adverse reactions.
Predictors of disability in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Sirbu Elena , Onofrei Roxana , Szasz Simona , Susan Monica
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common and disabling health problem. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between pain intensity, the components of catastrophizing, depression and disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

Material and methods

Seventy-six patients diagnosed with CLBP (age range 25–77 years; 73.7% female) participated in the study. Participants’ socio-demographic data were collected: age, gender, height, weight, and work status (employed or retired). All participants were asked to complete the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Results

The mean group scores revealed moderate CLBP complaints (VAS – 4 [3–6]), mild depression (BDI – 10 [5–16]), a moderate level of catastrophizing (PCS total score 20.5 [10–34]) and moderate disability (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI] – 31 [14–38]). Positive significant correlations were found between ODI and age, residence, work status, VAS, PCS-rumination, PCS-magnification, PCS-helplessness and BDI, and also between PCS subscales and VAS. Our multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, pain intensity, PCS-helplessness and depression can predict disability in patients with CLBP, explaining 84% of the variance of disability (R2 = 0.851, adjusted R2 = 0.843).

Conclusions

A multidisciplinary approach is needed for patients with CLBP and should include physical, mental and social evaluation in order to offer an optimal treatment.
Effect of thymoquinone on cyclophosphamide-induced injury in the rat urinary bladder
Authors: Aboulhoda Basma , Amin Shaimaa , Thomann Charity , Youakim Magdy , Hassan Sherif
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat neoplastic diseases, but its side effects include hemorrhagic cystitis. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active ingredient of Nigella sativa with healing potential. This study examined the protective effect of TQ against CP-induced oxidative injury in rat urinary bladder.

Material and methods

Sixty rats were divided into 6 equal groups: untreated control (group A), TQ-treated with 10 mg/kg/day TQ for 10 days (group B1), TQ-treated with 100 mg/kg/day TQ for 5 days (group B2), toxicity control where 100 mg/kg CP was administered for 2 days (group C), CP + TQ-treated with the same TQ treatment as group B1 and 100 mg/kg CP for 2 days (group D1), and CP + TQ-treated with the same TQ treatment as group B2 and 100 mg/kg CP for 2 days (group D2). Rat urinary bladders were assessed histopathologically via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome stains and were evaluated for oxidative stress and cell death markers.

Results

CP demonstrated significant reduction in glutathione reductase, and increased malondialdehyde levels and protein carbonylation (both p < 0.05). CP also induced cell death as measured by caspase-3 activation. Pretreatment with TQ (group D2) reduced CP-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Conclusions

TQ may ameliorate CP-induced oxidative injury in rat urinary bladder, via its antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects.
The attitude of Polish rheumatology patients towards telemedicine in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Opinc Aleksandra , Łukasik Zuzanna , Makowska Joanna
Published: July 2020

Introduction

n response to the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, the Polish government has enabled specialist teleconsultations. Due to this, Polish patients have gained access to continuation of outpatient specialist healthcare using information and communication technologies. The goal of the study was to recognize the needs and expectations as well as the main concerns of Polish rheumatology patients in regard to teleconsultations.

Material and methods

An online-based questionnaire comprising 17 single choice and multiple choice, open-end questions was collected among Polish rheumatology patients directly after the introduction of specialist teleconsultations.

Results

244 respondents completed the survey. Mean age of the respondents was 40.6 ±10.5 and 92.6% of them were female. 48% of the respondents lived not further than 20 kilometres from their outpatient rheumatology clinic. The mean severity of current symptoms, assessed by patients on a visual-analogue scale, was 4.9 ±2.4. 82% of the respondents selected telephone consultations as the most convenient form of receiving rheumatology advice. The patients highlighted the lack of physical examination (43%) and additional tests (43.9%) as the factors discouraging them from teleconsultations; 8.2% of respondents were against maintaining rheumatology teleconsultations after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; 3.7% of the respondents received information on teleconsultations from a medical professional.

Conclusions

The community of Polish rheumatology patients is eager to benefit from specialist teleconsultations. Telephone consultations are the most eagerly chosen form of remote consultations. Medical professionals should actively promote this form of patient in order to reach the patients who do not use the computer readily.
Macrophagic myofasciitis: an atypical presentation for a rare disease with a challenging approach
Authors: Dias Rita , Faria Raquel , Ribeiro Diogo , Vasconcelos Carlos
Published: July 2020

Macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) is a rare immune-mediated myopathy that seems to be triggered by aluminium hydroxide adjuvant used in vaccines. Its presentation is relatively heterogeneous and treatment with steroids leads to improvement, although there is little evidence regarding the role of other immunosuppressants. The histological findings in MMF seem to be the result of an abnormal presence in the inoculation site of aluminium, which can induce an immune-mediated muscular disease in susceptible persons. The authors describe the case of a patient with an atypical presentation of macrophagic myofasciitis, with histological confirmation in a muscle biopsy distant from the inoculation site, and a good therapeutic response to tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil, as well as a discussion on the pathologic basis, controversies and emerging treatments for this condition.
Temporal arteritis, Sjögren’s syndrome and mixed pain components as manifestations in a diabetic older adult: systematic review based on a case report
Authors: Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M. , Falvy-Bockos Ian , Chambergo-Michilot Diego
Published: July 2020

Temporal arteritis (TA) is an inflammatory vascular disease common in the European population. It is mainly characterized by sudden onset headache. TA is rarely associated with other autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). We present the case of a Peruvian 71 year-old man with SS history, who was admitted to the emergency department due to severe headache evolved in 4 days, periocular pain and right ptosis. The authors also performed a systematic review of case reports or case series of patients diagnosed with both TA and SS. This temporal arteritis case is an atypical presentation because headache was characterized by mixed nociceptive and neuropathic pain components. Despite the infrequency, new studies should be carried out to identify comorbidities in TA patients.
COVID-19: a short message to rheumatologists
Authors: Leszczyński Piotr
Published: July 2020

For several months, SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, which sometimes causes critical COVID-19 disease primarily with lung involvement, has been the one and only medical and scientific topic. The widespread occurrence of this type of coronavirus has led to a global pandemic and a huge social confusion that has had and will have a significant impact on our lives.
Influence of breed on selected quality parameters of fresh goat meat
Authors: Ivanović Snežana , Pavlović Marija , Pavlović Ivan , Tasić Aleksandra , Janjić Jelena , Baltić Milan Ž.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The potential of goats to produce a high-quality meat is mainly reflected in their healthy fats, low calorie intramuscular fats, saturated fats, and,
especially, their high ratios of unsaturated (UFA) and saturated (SFA) fatty acids, as well as hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids.
The aim of this study was to collect and compare meat quality parameters for domestic Balkan, Alpine and Saanen goats of the same age. Samples for
all tests were taken from musculus gluteus superficialis. Chemical composition, pH value, fatty acid composition, content of volatile
compounds, color and overall sensory quality (appearance, texture and smell) were determined. In chemical composition, moisture, fat, protein and ash
varied significantly between each of the examined groups as opposed to pH values. Furthermore, among all the examined groups a significant difference
was found for fatty acids and volatile compounds. Determined ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to SFAs was 0.089, 0.085 and 0.071 for Balkan, Alpine and Saanen goat meats,
respectively. Regarding that ratio, Saanen goat meat had the most favorable characteristics. Saanen goat meat showed the highest nutritional value. On the
other hand, Balkan goat meat had the lowest intramuscular fat content. Measurements of the meat color from all three groups, as well as overall
acceptability, showed significant differences between breeds. Obtained results point to the impact of breed on chemical composition and fatty acid
profile of goat meat.
Quantifying the emission changes and associated air quality impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic in North China Plain: a response modeling study
Authors: Xing Jia , Li Siwei , Jiang Yueqi , Wang Shuxiao , Ding Dian , Dong Zhaoxin , Zhu Yun , Hao Jiming
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Quantification of emission changes is a prerequisite for the assessment of control effectiveness in improving air quality. However, the traditional bottom-up method for characterizing emissions requires detailed investigation of emissions data (e.g., activity and other emission parameters) that usually takes months to perform and limits timely assessments. Here we propose a novel method to address this issue by using a response model that provides real-time estimation of emission changes based on air quality observations in combination with emission-concentration response functions derived from chemical transport modeling. We applied the new method to quantify the emission changes in the North China Plain (NCP) due to the COVID-19 pandemic shutdown, which overlapped the Spring Festival holiday. Results suggest that the anthropogenic emissions of NO2, SO2, VOC, and primary PM2.5 in NCP were reduced by 51 %, 28 %, 67 % and 63 %, respectively, due to the COVID-19 shutdown, indicating longer and stronger shutdown effects in 2020 compared to the previous Spring Festival holiday. The reductions of VOC and primary PM2.5 emissions are generally effective in reducing O3 and PM2.5 concentrations. However, such air quality improvements are largely offset by reductions in NOx emissions. NOx emission reductions lead to increases in O3 and PM2.5 concentrations in NCP due to the strongly VOC-limited conditions in winter. A strong NH3-rich condition is also suggested from the air quality response to the substantial NOx emission reduction. Well-designed control strategies are recommended based on the air quality response associated with the unexpected emission changes during the COVID-19 period. In addition, our results demonstrate that the new response-based inversion model can well capture emission changes based on variations in ambient concentrations, and thereby illustrate the great potential for improving the accuracy and efficiency of bottom-up emission inventory methods.
Friagem Event in Central Amazon and its Influence on Micrometeorological Variables and Atmospheric Chemistry
Authors: Camarinha-Neto Guilherme F. , Cohen Julia C. P. , Dias-Júnior Cléo Q. , Sörgel Matthias , Cattanio José Henrique , Araújo Alessandro , Wolff Stefan , Kuhn Paulo A. F. , Souza Rodrigo A. F. , Rizzo Luciana V. , Artaxo Paulo
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In the period between July 9th and 11th, 2014 a Friagem event reached the central Amazon region causing significant changes in microclimate and atmospheric chemistry. On July 11th, the southwest flow related to the Friagem converged with the easterly winds in the central Amazon region. The interaction between these two distinct air masses formed a convection band, which intensified over the Manaus region and the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) site. The satellite images show the evolution of convective activity on July 11th, which lead to 21 mm of precipitation in the ATTO site. Moreover, the arrival of the Friagem caused a sudden drop in temperature and a predominance of southerly winds, which could be seen in Porto Velho between July 7th and 8th and in Manaus and ATTO site from July 9th to 11th. The results of ERA reanalysis and Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS) simulations show that this Friagem event coming from the southwest, carries a mass of air with higher O3 and NO2 mixing ratios and lower CO mixing ratio compared to the air masses present at the central Amazon. At lake Balbina the Friagem intensifies the local circulations, such as the breeze phenomena. At the Manaus region and ATTO site, the main effects of the Friagem event are: a decrease in the incoming solar radiation (due to intense cloud formation), a large temperature drop and a distinct change in surface O3 and CO2 mixing ratios. As the cold air of the Friagem was just in the lower 500 m the most probable cause of this change is that a cold pool above the forest prevented vertical mixing causing accumulation of CO2 from respiration and very low O3 mixing ratio due to photochemistry reduction and limited mixing within the boundary layer.
Drivers of the fungal spore bioaerosol budget: observational analysis and global modelling
Authors: Janssen Ruud H. H. , Heald Colette L. , Steiner Allison L. , Perring Anne E. , Huffman J. Alex , Robinson Ellis S. , Twohy Cynthia H. , Ziemba Luke D.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Bioaerosols are produced by biological processes and directly emitted into the atmosphere, where they contribute to ice nucleation and the formation of precipitation. Previous studies have suggested that fungal spores constitute a substantial portion of the atmospheric bioaerosol budget. However, our understanding of what controls the emission and burden of fungal spores on the global scale is limited. Here, we use a previously unexplored source of fungal spore count data from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) to gain insight into the drivers of their emissions. First, we derive emissions from observed concentrations at 66 stations by applying the boundary layer equilibrium assumption. We estimate an annual mean emission of 62 ± 31 m−2 s−1 across the USA. Based on these pseudo-observed emissions, we derive two models for fungal spore emissions at seasonal scales: a statistical model, which links fungal spore emissions to meteorological variables that show similar seasonal cycles (2 m specific humidity, leaf area index and friction velocity), and a population model, which describes the growth of fungi and the emission of their spores as a biological process that is driven by temperature and biomass density. Both models show better skill at reproducing the seasonal cycle in fungal spore emissions at the AAAI stations than the model previously developed by Heald and Spracklen (2009) (referred to as HS09). We implement all three emissions models in the chemical transport model GEOS-Chem to evaluate global emissions and burden of fungal spore bioaerosol. We estimate annual global emissions of 3.7 and 3.4 Tg yr−1 for the statistical model and the population model, respectively, which is about an order of magnitude lower than the HS09 model. The global burden of the statistical and the population model is similarly an order of magnitude lower than that of the HS09 model. A comparison with independent datasets shows that the new models reproduce the seasonal cycle of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAP) concentrations at two locations in Europe somewhat better than the HS09 model, although a quantitative comparison is hindered by the ambiguity in interpreting measurements of fluorescent particles. Observed vertical profiles of FBAP show that the convective transport of spores over source regions is captured well by GEOS-Chem, irrespective of which emission scheme is used. However, over the North Atlantic, far from significant spore sources, the model does not reproduce the vertical profiles. This points to the need for further exploration of the transport, cloud processing, and wet removal of spores. In addition, more long-term observational datasets are needed to assess whether drivers of seasonal fungal spore emissions are similar across continents and biomes.
Characteristics of droughts in Argentina's Core Crop Region
Authors: Sgroi Leandro Carlos , Lovino Miguel Angel , Berbery Ernesto Hugo , Müller Gabriela Viviana
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The current study advances the documentation of dry episodes over Argentina’s Core Crop Region, where the production of major crops like wheat, corn, and soybean is most intense and represents the main contribution to the country’s Gross Domestic Product. Our analysis focuses on the properties of droughts that include their magnitude, frequency at different time scales, duration, and severity. It is of interest to assess the relationship between those properties and the crop yields. We analyzed 40 years of precipitation and soil moisture at resolutions suitable for regional studies. The analysis of precipitation and soil moisture anomalies is complemented with the corresponding standardized indices estimated at time scales of 3- and 6-months. Most droughts tend to occur for periods shorter than three months, but a few can extend up to one year and fewer even longer. However, if a multiyear drought experienced breaks, each period would be considered a separate case. Analysis of the frequency distribution indicates that cases of water deficit conditions are more common than instances of water excess. As relevant as the drought duration is its timing and severity. Even short dry spells may have large impacts if they occur at the time of the critical growth period of a given crop. In the core crop region, corn yield is the most sensitive to drought severity. For these reasons, the quantification of severity during the crop-sensitive months is an indicator of what crop yields could be on the next campaign.
Health Practices and Classroom Engagement of Minority Pupils in the Southern Philippines
Authors: Torcuator III Salvador R. , Cahapay Michael B.
Published: July 2020

When pupils are physically healthy, they engage actively in classroom activities and perform higher in their learning. This study aimed to determine the relationship between health practices and classroom engagement. This study employed a correlational research design. It involved all sixty-three (63) minority pupils in a public elementary school in Sarangani Province in the southern Philippines during the school year 2015-2016. Tailored and modified questionnaires were used to gather the needed data. The statistical tools employed in the analysis were frequency count, percentage rate, weighted mean, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The results showed that pupils display health practices to a great extent. They also exhibit a high level of classroom engagement. The analysis further revealed that there is a moderately significant relationship between health practices and classroom engagement. Hence, this study provides evidence as regards the influence of the health practices on classroom engagement. It is recommended that more comprehensive researches should be conducted in different contexts, with larger samples, and exploring the influences of other relevant variables.
Elza Nadai: a formação da papisa do ensino de História
Authors: Roiz Diogo Da Silva , Benfica Tiago Alinor Hoissa
Published: July 2020

O trabalhodebruça-sesobre a trajetória intelectual de Elza Nadai, no intuito de visualizar os locais institucionais e as proposições teóricas que edificaram a área de pesquisa de ensino de História. O recorte temporal privilegiado situa-se entre as décadas de 1960 a 1980: a graduação naUniversidade de São Paulo, passagem pelo Serviço de Ensino Vocacional, e a entrada na pós-graduação e o início da docência no ensino superior. Elaborava-se uma concepção de ensino de História que partia da problematização da realidade juntamente aos princípios da História Temática, bastante vinculada à defesa dos ideais democráticos e de justiça social, estimulada também pelo movimento estudantil. As fontes mais destacadas foram os trabalhos de pós-graduação de Elza, documentos encontrados nos arquivos do Centro de Memória da Educação da FE/USP e entrevistas orais. As reflexões também buscam elementos da sensibilidade, fatores impulsionadores dos grandes projetos acadêmicos, a afetividade e as relações de poder.
BIOMASS AND LEAF CHLOROPHYLL IN OITICICA SEEDLINGS UNDER WATER SALINITY IRRIGATON AND ORGANIC COMPOUND ADDITION
Authors: Cavalcante Alian Cássio Pereira , Diniz Neto Manoel Alexandre , Cavalcante Lourival Ferreira , Souto Antônio Gustavo de Luna , Cavalcante Adailza Guilherme , Diniz Belísia Lúcia Moreira Toscano
Published: July 2020

Salt-compromised agricultural areas in the semi-arid regions of the Brazilian Northeast, have increased due to the use of water with high saline concentration as the only water supply available to plants, damaging the quality of the seedlings and the productive yield of the crops. One way to alleviate the detrimental effects of salts is the addition of organic compound to the substrate as a way to attenuate the action of water and soil salinity on biomass formation and chlorophyllactic activity in seedlings and adult plants of forest species, including Licania rigida Benth, the Oiticica. In view of this issue, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of water salinity irrigation and of the addition of an organic compound obtained by fermentation of castor bean (Ricinus communis) and cattle manure on biomass accumulation and chlorophyll indices in Oiticica seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme in randomized blocks, with five replications and two seedlings per plot, relative to the proportions of organic compost - C and soil - S (0C: 1S, 1C: 1S, 2C: 1S, 3C: 1S) and irrigation of the seedlings with non-saline (0.5 dS m-1) and saline (4.5 dS m-1) water. The increase of organic compound in the substrate in proportion to the soil of 3: 1 surpassed by 42.9% the biomass of the aerial part of the Oiticica seedlings irrigated with saline water. The results indicate that the organic compound mitigates, though does not eliminate, the detrimental effects of water salinity irrigation on the biomass formation and chlorophyllactic indexes of the seedlings
CARBON AND NITROGEN IN SOILS AND HUMIC FRACTIONS OF DIFFERENT PEDOFORMS IN THE ATLANTIC FOREST BIOME
Authors: Pereira Marcos Gervasio Gervasio , Mendonça Victoria Maria Monteiro , Santos Gilsonley Lopes , Piccolo Marisa de Cássia
Published: July 2020

Relief is a soil formation factor that can modify the distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) fractions in a landscape. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the relief on SOM fractions, considering their distribution in different topographic positions, segments, in two pedoforms (concave and convex) in areas covered with forest in the Atlantic Forest biome. The two pedoforms were selected in adjacent areas and divided into segments considering the topographic variation. The carbon and nitrogen origins were evaluated in the extract up to 100 cm of depth. Soil samples from the 0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 cm layers were collected for chemical characterization and fractioning (granulometric and chemical) of the SOM. The soil density in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm layers was determined to calculated the carbon stocks. The isotopic composition showed predominance of 13C. The highest organic carbon and particulate carbon contents were found in the convex pedoform. The distribution of humic fractions showed that the larger part of the humidified carbon was in the humin fraction. The humin and fulvic acid fractions were higher in the convex pedoform. The carbon stocks were, in general, higher in the convex pedoform, decreasing as the soil depth increased; and nitrogen stocks presented no differences. The higher carbon and nitrogen contents were found in the convex pedoform and in the lower region of the concave pedoform.
DAMAGE CAUSED BY A WHEELED HARVESTER TO THE RESIDUAL TREES OF A PINUS STAND IN THE FIRST MECHANIZED MIXED THINNING
Authors: Diniz Carlos Cezar Cavassin , Oliveira Felipe Martins de , Timofeiczyk Junior Romano , Robert Renato Cesar Gonçalves , Tramontini Miguel Pesch , Brito Fabio Cordeiro de
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the damage caused to the remaining trees of a pinus stand submitted to mechanized thinning by a wheeled harvester. The data were obtained in the operational areas of timber harvesting in a forest company located in the city of Inácio Martins, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The Pinus stand of the study was 11 years old, and was submitted to the first commercial thinning. The operation was performed by a harvester, characterized by the systematic removal of the 5th planting line to give access to the interior of the stand, followed by selective thinning in the individuals demarcated in the two lines adjacent to the traffic trails. The damage caused to the remaining trees of the stand regarding their numbers, dimensions and location in relation to the harvester’s operation track was evaluated, and the data were analyzed using the Profile Analysis multivariate analysis technique. It was observed that 25% of the remaining trees suffered some kind of damage, being considered a high value, but current to the literature. It was evidenced that the section of the tree in need of greater alert was the base because damages in greater intensity and dimensions were observed to it, which can bring future losses to the stand. Thus, a need for improvements in operational procedures was demonstrated.
GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF Paratecoma peroba SEEDLINGS IN DIFFERENT TUBE VOLUMES AND CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZERS
Authors: Feletti Thais Arão , Araújo Emanuel França , Gonçalves Elzimar De Oliveira , Feletti Thamara Arão , Dos Santos Aline Ramalho , Gibson Elbya Leão
Published: July 2020

Paratecoma peroba is a native forest species of great economic and ecological interest, currently at risk of extinction from selective and illegal exploitation; however, there are no established parameters for the production of seedlings of this species. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth and nutritional balance of P. peroba seedlings grown in polypropylene tubes of different sizes with variable doses of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF). Three volumes of tubes (120, 180, and 280 cm3), four CRF doses (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg m-3), and a conventional mineral fertilizer (CF) were tested as indicated in the literature for native forest species: arranged in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 5 factorial scheme, with four replicates composed of 16 seedlings. After 180 days, the percentage of survival, growth variables, indices of the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system, and the average nutrient balance index of the seedlings were analyzed. Based on the total dry matter and the mean nutritional balance index, the combination of a 280 cm³ tube with a 7.5 kg m-3 CRF dose was the most effective in the production of P. peroba seedlings.
QUALITY OF CHARCOAL FROM THREE SPECIES OF THE Eucalyptus AND THE Corymbia citriodora SPECIES PLANTED IN THE SOUTH OF TOCANTINS
Authors: Marchesan Raquel , Nunes de Oliveira Danyelly , Carvalho da Silva Renata , Azevedo de Carvalho Lorrainy , Tavares Gomes Rone , Coelho Almeida Vanessa
Published: July 2020

We aimed to assess the quality of charcoal from three Eucalyptus and Corymbia citriodora species for energy production in the South of Tocantins state. A hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis, the species Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Corymbia citriodora were selected for the study. In the preparation of the material, 20 specimens of each species with the dimensions of 2.0 x 2.0 x 5.0 cm were made, being ten repetitions for each carbonization gait with different final temperatures and heating rates. The basic wood density, total gravimetric yield, total yields in condensable and non-condensable gases, immediate chemical analysis, and higher calorific value were determined. Corymbia citriodora presented higher wood basic density (0.583 g/cm³) and charcoal apparent density (0.459 g/cm³). In immediate chemical analysis, Eucalyptus urophylla and Corymbia citriodora presented the best averages among all species. The calorific value ranged from 7235.97 to 7573.98 (kcal/kg), considered an acceptable value for energy production. The final carbonization temperature of 550°C is recommended, with Eucalyptus urophylla and Corymbia citriodora presenting the best averages.
The Abject in Education
Authors: Lowe Cassie
Published: July 2020

This paper explores Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection and its manifestations in society, culture, and discourse. It makes specific reference to the effects of social abjection on women with regard to menstruation, but the claims and proposal could very well be adapted to apply to other marginalized members of society. It uses Hillel A. Schiller’s suggestion for viewing education as a “cognetic process” to frame the discussion on embedding discussions of the abject into the curriculum. It first explores and sets the foundations for the theory of abjection, as described by Kristeva, and discusses the “cognetic process” in relation to social abjection. Finally, it suggests that an appreciation of an aesthetic educational experience could be viewed as a step toward lessening the effects of social abjection and work toward its reconfiguration.
Tecendo vias de superação dos danos gerados pelo transtorno mental
Authors: Marcheti Priscila Maria , Anache Alexandra Ayach
Published: July 2020

O artigo visa identificar o movimento da subjetividade no processo de superação dos danos gerados pelo transtorno mental no processo de participação de uma oficina terapêutica. A subjetividade consiste em um sistema complexo de produção simbólico-emocional diante de situações vividas pelos indivíduos, associando dialeticamente as dimensões individual e social, os quais permitem a produção de sentidos subjetivos. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso de uma mulher que participou por 10 semanas de uma oficina terapêutica de bordado no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. As inter(invenções) construídas junto com a participante foram promovendo condições para a elaboração de novos sentidos subjetivos das situações que geraram danos na sua vida, as quais foram constitutivas da sua subjetividade. Essas mudanças foram identificadas na qualidade das suas relações familiares e nas relações de trabalho, logo contribuíram para o fortalecimento da qualidade de sua vida.
Discourse Analysis of Jordanian Online Wedding Invitation Cards During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Banikalef Alaeddin Abdullah
Published: July 2020

The current study analyzed the online wedding invitation genres in Jordan during COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to study the generic structures of these invitations and the role of the socio-cultural-religious norms and beliefs in shaping this type of genre. The corpus of 120 online wedding invitation cards was collected from Facebook from March to June 2020. Data were analyzed based on the framework presented by Swales (1990). Six obligatory and one optional move emerged from the analysis of the data. Through data analysis, it has been found that Jordanians’ linguistic behaviors were strongly associated with the religion of Islam and tribalism. Findings from this study have implications for language use and sociolinguistics as well as enhancing the understanding of online wedding invitation practices during a state of a public health emergency.
On the Origin of Adaptations: Rethinking Fidelity Discourse and „Success”– Biologically
Authors: Hutcheon Linda , Bortolotti Gary R.
Published: July 2020

Like the early evolutionary theory (though unlike Darwin’s own output), much work in literary
adaptation today operates only in terms of higher and lower forms, considering adaptations
as more or less „faithful” to the „original”. In biology, it was only when this sort of evaluative discourse
was discarded that new questions could be asked and therefore new answers offered. To that
end, a biologist and a literary theorist work to develop the homology between biological and cultural
adaptation, between natural and cultural selection: stories, in a manner parallel to genes, replicate;
adaptations of both evolve with changing environments. Their „success” cannot and should
not, in either case, be limited to their degree of „fidelity” to anything called a „source” or „original”.
How Alfred Hitchcock Distanced Robert Bloch. Psycho once again (on the sixtieth anniversary of the famous film adaptation of the novel)
Authors: Pawłowska-Jądrzyk Brygida
Published: July 2020

In Psycho, Alfred Hitchcock appears to have explored the entire potential of Robert Bloch’s novel, employing a variety of solutions allowed by the polysemiotic audiovisual medium. Hitchcock made signifi cant compositional changes in comparison with the original (including the „false end” effect) and introduced new motifs, thus thoroughly modifying the symbolic implications of the story (e.g. the ornithological motifs). Another issue addressed in the article is the depiction of death, framed through references to the work of Gérard Lenne, who argues that in artistic exposures of the body, death undermines the illusion of the spectacle. The famous shower scene in Psycho solves this problem through stylistic solutions (e.g. the use of visual metaphors).
Organization of the accounting system in the Lodz ghetto from 1940–1944.
Approach of the victims of the extermination
Authors: Turzyński Mikołaj
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the article is to present research findings that deal with the organization of the accounting system in the Lodz ghetto. As a result of the research, it was found that the accounting system in the Lodz ghetto was characterized by a high degree of orderliness and an extensive internal structure, which were in conflict with the conditions of how the closed Jewish district functioned. Archival empirical research was carried out, covering mainly materials collected in the State Archives in Lodz The article presents characteristics of the current state of research, an applied research approach, a description of the adminis-trative structures and enterprises operating in the ghetto, an examination of how accounting was orga-nized, financial audit, and training in accounting. Bauman's social theory regarding the rationality of the will to survive was used as the research approach. The article is, to the best of the author's knowledge, the first attempt to examine the organization of the accounting system in the Lodz ghetto, carried out from the perspective of the Jewish accountants.
Fair value in the measurement of assets and liabilities of selected banks
Authors: Gierusz Jerzy , Dąbrowska Karolina
Published: July 2020

The main purpose of this article is to determine the impact of changes in the fair value of assets and liabilities on the overall net result of selected banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The research covered the consolidated financial statements of five banks, for the years 2014-2018. Methods of analyzing the literature on the subject, financial statements, and legal acts, including selected IFRS, were used. It has been shown that, on the one hand, fair value revaluations have a significant impact on the financial result of the described entities; on the other hand, the fair value in these entities is determined mainly at the 1st level of the hierarchy. This means that the basis for determining the fair value is observable prices on the market, and that the impact of subjective estimates on the financial result is small.
The application of simplified financial reporting for micro and small enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Martyniuk Olga , Martyniuk Teresa
Published: July 2020

Micro- and small enterprises (MSE) have come to constitute the most dynamic element of growth in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Only through transparent reporting and com-municating information on sustainability work and performance can MSEs build their reputation and trust, attract new capital, and develop a competitive advantage. The paper aims to provide a cross-country analysis of the financial-reporting requirements concerning MSEs, a few years after the introduction of Directive 2013/34/EU. The paper focuses on the transposition of the Directive into the national laws of sixteen CEE-region countries. The objectives have been achieved through a systematic review of the current academic literature, and an analysis of national legislation and questionnaires developed for academics. It turned out that a country’s political status does not affect the implementation of the Di-rective. Moreover, although the Directive allows countries to take the specific conditions of their markets into account when making decisions regarding the size thresholds and a simplified accounting regime, most CEE countries have applied standard definitions and requirements. As a consequence, in almost all CEE countries, about 90% of entities may draw up abridged financial reports, which significantly limits the use of financial statements for decision making.
CONFLICTS AND CRISES IN NIGERIA: MANAGEMENT AND RESOLUTION FOR PEACE BUILDING
Authors: Orhero Abraham Ejogba
Published: July 2020

Conflicts and crises do not imply peace rather they are anti-peace. They stand for or symbolize problems in human society. Historically, Nigeria profiles the highest statistics of violent conflicts in Africa. These conflicts range from land disputes, resource control, and ethnic cleavages to wars of liberation. Unfortunately, the dilemma confronting Nigeria today is not really the occurrence of conflicts and crises in the real sense, but how to resolve them in such a manner as to prevent the past ones from reoccurring and contain the present ones from escalating or degenerating into full-scale war. Therefore, it is against this backdrop that this paper examines the nitty-gritty of conflicts and crises, their antecedents, and their management and resolution in Nigeria. The paper also presents methods for better management and resolution of conflicts and crises in Nigeria. Finally, the paper concludes that the traditional conflict resolution techniques such as mediation, reconciliation, adjudication, and negotiation as well as cross-examination which were employed by Africans in the past, offer great prospects for peaceful co-existence and harmonious relationships in post-conflict periods than the modern method of litigation settlements in law courts. Thus, the paper recommends among others that the Nigeria government, especially the National Assembly should make and implement policies aimed at addressing the root and trigger causes of conflicts and crises in the country.
Comparison of the Effect of Perineal Care with Normal Saline and 2% Chlorhexidine Solution on the Rate of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Women Hospitalized in Intensive Care Units: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Sarani Hamed , Pishkar Mofrad Zahra , Faghihi Hamed , Ghabimi Mehrangiz
Published: July 2020

Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common site of infection associated with health care in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. Long-term catheterization is the most important risk factor for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). These infections are more common in women than in men. Colonized microorganisms in the perineal skin and around the urethra may move into the urinary system through the external surfaces of the urinary catheter to cause infection. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effect of perineal care with normal saline and 2% chlorhexidine solution on the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in women hospitalized in ICUs. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed on 70 female patients hospitalized in the ICU of Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital of Zahedan in 2019. The research units meeting the inclusion criteria were selected using convenience sampling and then randomly divided into two groups of normal saline (n = 35) and chlorhexidine (n = 35). The perineal area of patients in the first group was washed with normal saline and the second group with 2% chlorhexidine solutions twice a day for seven days in both groups. To diagnose UTIs, urine samples were cultured on the first and seventh days. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 via the independent t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: Finally, 60 participants completed the study. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of age, marital status, level of education, cause of hospitalization, antibiotic use, underlying diseases, fluid intake, and urinary output. At the end of the seventh day after the intervention, the incidence of UTIs was significantly lower in the chlorhexidine group (13.3%) than in the normal saline group (76.7%) (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that washing the perineal area every 12 hours with 2% chlorhexidine solution compared to normal saline reduces the incidence of CAUTIs in women hospitalized in ICUs. Therefore, perineal care with a 2% chlorhexidine solution is recommended for perineal care of female patients with urinary catheters hospitalized in ICUs.
La distorsión jurídica de la Orden Peruana de la Justicia | The legal distortion of the Peruvian Order of Justice
Authors: Arista-Salado Maikel
Published: July 2020

La Orden Peruana de la Justicia fue creada por una norma jurídica dictada por el Ejecutivo militar del general Juan Velasco Alvarado el año 1971. En este artículo se demostrara cómo al Perú encauzarse en un gobierno democrático con separación de poderes, dicha norma, aún vigente, es inconstitucional al atentar contra la independencia de los poderes públicos establecida en la Constitución política de 1993, y en consecuencia ilegal, al violar la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial, con lo cual se impone la urgencia de su derogación por otra norma que pueda corregir dicha distorsión.________________________The Peruvian Order of Justice was created by a law-decree issued by a de facto government in 1971. This paper shows how the transition to democracy with a new political Constitution providing for separation of powers, the military junta’s law-decree which instituted the Order is unconstitutional, and also illegal as it violates the Organic Law of the Judiciary.
El divorcio incausado y la patria potestad compartida después del divorcio: dos interesantes cambios en el derecho español
Authors: Bacigalupe de Girad María
Published: July 2020

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