bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЕРБАЛИЗАЦИЯ ВРАЖДЕБНОСТИ ИЛИ ЯЗЫК ВРАЖДЫ (HATE SPEECH) В КОММУНИКАТИВНОМ ДИСКУРСЕ
Authors: Зинина Ю.М.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается феномен hate speech (язык вражды), который охватывает все способы выражения распространяющие, разжигающие, поощряющие или пытающиеся оправдать любую форму ненависти, основанную на нетерпимости отрицательных стереотипов, дискриминации, национализма. В текстовом сообщении это актуализируется при помощи лингвистических и экстралингвистических средств. Язык вражды представляет собой проблему для современных либеральных обществ, приверженных свободе выражения мнений и социальному равенству. В статье отмечается о создании движения «НЕТ языку ненависти», которое проводилось Молодежным департаментом Совета Европы и было направлено на мобилизацию молодежи в борьбе с языком вражды и продвижение прав человека в Интернете. Движение «НЕТ языку ненависти», запущенное в 2013 году, проходило в рамках национальных кампаний в 45 странах до 2017 года, в том числе и в России, где отмечалось о необходимости создать культуру нетерпимости по отношению к языку вражды, чтобы он стал неприемлемым. В статье даны варианты перевода термина “hate speech”, примеры вербализации языка вражды, описаны несколько способов борьбы с разжиганием ненависти в процессе коммуникации.

The article deals with the phenomenon of hate speech, which covers all ways of expression that spread, incite, encourage or try to justify any form of hatred based on intolerance of negative stereotypes, discrimination and nationalism. It is expressed with the help of linguistic and extralinguistic means in a text. Hate speech is a problem for modern liberal societies committed to freedom of expression and social equality. The article mentions the creation of the “No Hate Speech Movement”, led by the Council of Europe Youth Department, aimed at mobilizing youth in the fight against hate speech and promoting human rights on the Internet. Launched in 2013, the “No Hate Speech Movement” was held as part of national campaigns in 45 countries until 2017, including Russia, which emphasized the need to create a culture of intolerance towards hate speech so that it would become unacceptable. The article provides translation options for the term “hate speech”, examples of the verbalization of hate speech, describes several ways to combat incitement to hatred in the process of communication.
Synthesis and copolymerization of novel oxy ring-substituted isopropyl cyanoarylacrylates
Authors: Hussain Kumail M. , Ludtke Joshua J. , Zepeda Jose L. , Rocus Sara , Schjerven William , Kharas Gregory B
Published: February 2022

Novel oxy ring-substituted isopropyl 2-cyano-3-arylacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH(CH3)2 (where R is 3-phenoxy, 4-phenoxy, 2-benzyloxy, 3-benzyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4-acetyloxy, 3-acetyl, 4-acetyl, 4-acetylamino, 4-methoxy-2-methyl, 4-methoxy-3-methyl, 3-ethoxy-4-methoxy, 3,4-dibenzyloxy, 3-benzyloxy-4-methoxy, 4-benzyloxy-3-methoxy, 2,3-dimethyl-4-methoxy, 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy-3-methyl, 2,4-dimethoxy-6-methyl, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The acrylates were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of oxy ring-substituted benzaldehydes and isopropyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR. All the acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation at 70C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR. Thermal properties of the copolymers are characterized by DSC and TGA. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps, first in the 200-500ºC range with a residue, which then decomposed in the 500-800ºC range.
PdII-Catalyzed Site-selective β- and γ-C(sp3)−H Arylation of Primary Aldehydes Controlled by Transient Directing Groups
Authors: Li Yihao , Ouyang Yuxin , Chekshin Nikita , Yu Jin-Quan
Published: February 2022

Pd(II)-catalyzed site-selective β- and γ-C(sp3)−H arylation of primary aldehydes is developed by rational design of L,X-type transient directing groups (TDG). External 2-pyridone ligands are identified to be crucial for the observed reactivity. By minimizing the loading of acid additives, the ligand effect is enhanced to achieve high reactivities of the challenging primary aldehyde substrates. Site-selectivity can be switched from the proximate to the relatively remote position by changing the bite angle of TDG to match the desired palladacycle size. Experimental and computational investigations support this rationale for designing TDG to potentially achieve remote site-selective C(sp3)−H functionalizations.
Smartphone-Read Phage Lateral Flow Assay for Point-of-Care Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Chabi Maede , Vu Binh , Brosamer Kristen , Smith Maxwell , Chavan Dimple , Conrad Jacinta C. , Willson Richard , Kourentzi Katerina
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for sensitive, affordable, and widely-accessible testing at the point-of-care. Here we report the development of a sensitive chemiluminescence-based smartphone-readable lateral flow assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein using M13 phage conjugated with antibodies and HRP enzymes as LFA reporter particles. We screened 84 anti-nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody pairs in phage LFA and identified an antibody pair that gave an LoD of 25 pg/mL nucleoprotein in nasal swab extract using a FluorChem gel documentation system and 100 pg/mL when the test was imaged and analyzed by an in-house-developed smartphone reader. The smartphone-read LFA signals for positive clinical samples tested (N = 15, with known Ct) were statistically different (p < 0.001) from negative clinical samples tested (N = 11). The translation-ready phage LFA technology combined with smartphone chemiluminescence imaging can enable the timely development of ultrasensitive, affordable point-of-care testing platforms for SARS-CoV-2 and beyond.
Using core-hole reference states for calculating X-ray photoelectron and emission spectra
Authors: Dreuw Andreas , Fransson Thomas
Published: February 2022

For the calculation of core-ionization energies (IE), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), a commonly applied approach is to use non-Aufbau reference states with a core-hole as either final (IE and XPS) or initial (XES) state. However, such reference states can introduce numerical instabilities for post-HF methods, relating to the denominator of the energy corrections involved. This may become arbitrarily close to zero if a negative virtual MO is present, e.g. a core-hole, leading to near-singularities. The resulting instabilities lead to severe convergence issues of the calculation schemes and, in addition, can strongly affect both energies and intensities, with oscillator strengths seen to reach values up to 4 × 10^7. For the K-edge we propose freezing the highest-energy virtuals which contribute to any denominator below a threshold of 0.1 Hartree. Stable and reliable spectra are then produced, with minimal influence due to freezing energetically high-lying virtuals (typically removing <5% of the total number of MOs). The developed protocol is here tested for Møller–Plesset perturbation theory and for the algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme for the polarization propagator, but it is also relevant for coupled cluster theory and other related methods.
The role of mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway in decreasing ovarian reserve in reproductive patients with deep infiltrative endometriosis
Authors: Melkozerova Oxana A. , Okulova Ekaterina O. , Mikhelson Anna A. , Tretyakova Tatyana B.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To study the effect of deep infiltrative endometriosis on the state of the ovarian reserve in patients of reproductive age, as well as to evaluate the spectrum of mutations in the PIK3CA gene among patients with infiltrative form of external genital endometriosis.
Materials and methods. The main group of the study included 50 patients of reproductive age with deep infiltrative endometriosis, in 18 of whom deep infiltrative endometriosis was combined with ovarian endometriomas. The comparison group included 25 patients of reproductive age who underwent laparoscopic metroplasty of an inconsistent uterine scar from a cesarean section. All patients underwent determination of the level of anti-Mllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol in the blood by enzyme immunoassay, as well as counting the number of antral follicles in the ovaries during transvaginal ultrasound examination. The search for activating mutations of the PIK3CA gene was carried out by sequencing a new generation of DNA in tissue samples of ovarian endometriomas in patients with a combination of infiltrative endometriosis and endometrioid ovarian cysts (n=18), as well as in biopsies of healthy ovarian tissue in all patients of the main group (n=50) and comparison groups (n=25).
Results. When assessing the state of the ovarian reserve in the patients of the two groups, it was found that the anti-Mllerian hormone level in the patient with the infiltration form of external genital endometriosis was 2.62.2 ng/ml, while in the comparison group it was 3.63.5 ng/ml, however, the difference did not reach statistical significance, p0.05. The number of antral follicles according to transvaginal ultrasound was significantly lower in the main group (8.54.5) than in the comparison group (12.24.1), p=0.001. This difference was statistically significant both for patients with ovarian endometriomas (6.04.2, p0.001) and for patients without ovarian endometriomas (9.84.2, p=0.04). Our study did not reveal PIK3CA gene mutations in any of the ovarian endometrioma tissue samples from patients with a combination of infiltrative endometriosis and endometrioid ovarian cysts, as well as in none of the healthy ovarian tissue biopsies from patients of the main group and the comparison group using the new generation DNA sequencing method.
Conclusion. The presence of deep infiltrative endometriosis is associated with a decrease in ovarian reserve in patients of reproductive age, regardless of the presence of endometrioid ovarian lesions. Population studies are needed to identify mutations of this gene in endometriosis, as well as to study mutations of other genes encoding proteins regulating the antiapoptotic signaling pathway PI3K/AKT/mTOR, to identify the mechanism of ovarian reserve depletion in infiltrative form of external genital endometriosis.
Obstetric aspects of hemolytic disease of the newborn with ABO-isoimmunization
Authors: Dudareva Iuliia A. , Gureva Valentina A. , Rucheikina Natalia Iu.
Published: February 2022

Background. Currently the problem of immunological conflict, due to incompatibility in the ABO system and the development of hemolytic disease (HD) of the newborn, does not lose its relevance. Unlike Rh isoimmunization, with ABO incompatibility, the development of HD of the fetus/newborn is possible during the first pregnancy and there is no specific prophylaxis.
Aim. To establish prognostically unfavorable obstetric predictors in mothers whose newborns had HD according to the ABO system.
Materials and methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study included 40 newborn-mother pairs. The main group consisted of 17 newborns with a confirmed diagnosis of HD according to the ABO system and their mother, the control group included 23 newborns without HD of the fetus according to the ABO system and their mothers. The medical documentation was studied, which made it possible to evaluate the anamnestic, clinical data and contained a full range of general clinical, laboratory, functional research methods.
Results. When assessing the state of the newborns of the main group, it was revealed that mild HD was detected in 58.84.2% of cases (icteric form), in 41.25.2% moderate severity (anemic form 11.8%, icteric form 29.4%). Reproductive losses in women of the main group were revealed 1.8 times more often than in the control group (38.6 and 20.9%, respectively; p=0.003). In the main group, 75.5% of patients had one or another acute infectious process during pregnancy. Mothers who gave birth to children with hypertension had high titers of antibodies (anti-A) in the blood and there was no correlation with the severity of HD of the newborn.
Conclusion. According to the existing regulatory documents, it is not recommended to routinely examine all pregnant women with blood group 0(I) for the determination of immune antibodies. It is necessary to identify patients at high risk for the development of HD according to the ABO system and send them to the determination of immune anti-A and anti-B antibodies at 36 weeks.
Endometriomas: the effectiveness of combination treatment
Authors: Artymuk Natalia V. , Zotova Olga A. , Vaulina Ekaterina N.
Published: February 2022

Aim. Evaluate the effectiveness of combined treatment and establish the frequency of recurrence of the ovarian endometrioma.
Materials and methods. The prospective observational study evaluating the effectiveness of combined treatment of endometriomas, established the frequency of relapse after treatment. 186 patients with an established diagnosis of endometriosis of the ovaries were monitored, who underwent operative treatment in the volume of laparoscopic cystectomy. 95.0% of patients received anti-relapse hormonal treatment.
Results. Against the background of treatment, positive dynamics were noted: dyspareunia, hyperspolymenorrhea and pre- and postmenstrual bloody discharge were stopped in 98.7% of cases, dysmenorrhea in 97.4% of cases, chronic pelvic pain in 94.8% cases. Pregnancy occurred in 11.7% of cases (1.3% of which when using assisted reproduction). The recurrence rate of endometriomas after 2 years was 1.4%, after 3 years 3.7%.
Conclusion. Combination treatment was effective in reducing the severity or completely cured the symptoms of endometrioid ovarian cysts in 95% of women. The recurrence rate of endometriomas after 2 years was 1.4%, after 3 years 3.7%.
Results of a clinical study of the drug efficacy and safety for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages in therapy in patients with chronic recurrent cystitis
Authors: Zaitsev Andrei V. , Arefeva Oksana A. , Sazonona Natalia A. , Melnikov Vladimir D. , Kim Yuriy A. , Shiryaev Arseniy A. , Vasilyev Alexander O. , Gritskov Igor O. , Govorov Alexander V. , Pushkar Dmitry Yu.
Published: February 2022

Background. Urinary tract infections remain one of the urgent problems in the aspect of qualified medical care. The causative agents of nosocomial infections are becoming more and more resistant to the drugs used, while the rate of new drugs synthesis is lower than the rate of development of antibiotic resistance. Routine and empirical prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections is often ineffective.
Aim. To study the efficacy and safety of intravesical application of the drug based on bacteriophages in therapy in patients with chronic recurrent cystitis.
Materials and methods. A clinical study was carried out to study the efficacy and safety of the drug for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages in therapy in patients with chronic recurrent cystitis. The study included 75 patients who were divided into 3 groups in a 1: 1: 1 ratio. In the main group, the drug for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages, as well as rectal suppositories with bacteriophages were used; in the control group only a drug for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages or rectal suppositories with bacteriophages. On visits 1-4, all patients underwent a clinical blood test, general urine analysis, bacteriological urine analysis, as well as urine analysis by the polymerase chain reaction method. The analysis of the patients condition in groups was carried out according to the dynamics of main clinical symptoms changes, data from validated scales for assessing pelvic pain and urgency/frequency of urination and assessment of symptoms of acute cystitis (Acute Cystitis Symptom Score ACSS), as well as the dynamics of changes in objective parameters of laboratory studies and possible changes in sensitivity uropathogens to antibacterial drugs.
Results. The average age of the patients included in the study was 50.6 years. In all 3 groups, bacteriological examination of urine showed a predominant growth of Escherichia coli (3104 CFU/ml). In the course of the study, there was a good tolerance to therapy, a decrease in clinical symptoms, as well as a significant decrease in the total score according to the pelvic pain scale and urgency/frequency of urination and the ACSS scale in all patients.
Conclusion. The emergence of a large number of microorganisms resistant to various antibiotics and their rapid spread in the environment has led to an increase in scientific interest in bacteriophage therapy as an alternative method of treatment. The overall subjective effectiveness of the therapy in our study was more than 80%, safety - 100%. Further research will allow for a personalized approach to the treatment of infectious diseases of the urinary system.
Efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies depending on the fertilization method
Authors: Гафоров Акбар Хуршедович , Миняева Арина Владимировна , Петушков Михаил Николаевич
Published: February 2022

Проведено сравнение результативности вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ) при использовании методов оплодотворения ЭКО, ИКСИ и ПИКСИ. Результативность ВРТ оценивалась по количеству наступивших беременностей и родов. Проанализированы репродуктивные характеристики 161 супружеской пары с диагнозом бесплодие. Выявлено, что вероятность наступления беременности от используемого при ВРТ метода оплодотворения, возраста женщин и мужчин, фертильности и качества спермы не зависит. Вероятность родов достоверно выше при использовании метода оплодотворения ИКСИ, чем при использовании стандартной процедуры ЭКО.

The effectiveness of IVF, ICSI, and PIXI fertilization methods were compared. We defined the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies by the number of pregnancies and deliveries. The reproductive characteristics of 161 infertile couples were analyzed. It was found that the probability of pregnancy does not depend on the method of fertilization, the age of the patients, fertility, and sperm quality. The likelihood of resolving pregnancy by childbirth is significantly higher with the ICSI fertilization method than with IVF.
Assessment of the brain structures in children of the first year of life according to ultrasound research data
Authors: Игнатьев Данила Игоревич , Белякова Евгения Александровна , Ковалева Юлия Алексеевна , Осипова Валерия Геннадьевна , Данилюк Анастасия Евгеньевна , Романченко Анастасия Андреевна , Корсакова Анастасия Анатольевна
Published: February 2022

Проведено сравнительно исследование желудочкой системы и структур головного мозга у детей первого года жизни за 2019 г. по данным нейросонографии. С учетом половой специфики отмечено преобладание нарушений ликвородинамики по внутреннему и по внешнему типу во всех возрастных группах. Увеличение размеров желудочковой системы (левого и правого передних рогов) выявлено у для детей 6-9 и 9-12 месяцев.

A comparative study of the ventricular system and brain structures in children of the first year of life for 2019 was carried out according to neurosonography data. Taking into account the gender specificity, the predominance of violations of CSF dynamics by internal and external type in all age g
The effect of petroleum products on the activity of peroxidase and catalase in seedlings of lawn plants
Authors: Половникова Марина Григорьевна , Воскресенская Ольга Леонидовна , Алябышева Елена Александровна
Published: February 2022

В ходе лабораторного эксперимента определяли влияние нефтепродуктов (бензина, дизельного топлива, мазута) на активность антиоксидантных ферментов (пероксидазы и каталазы) в проростках газонных растений (Poa pratensis, Festuca pratensis, Phleum prаtense, Trifolium repens, Trifolium hjbridum). Общую активность пероксидазы определяли по методу Бояркина, активность каталазы - газометрическим методом. В ходе работы установлено, что активность пероксидазы увеличивалась в ряду нефтепродуктов: мазут → дизельное топливо → бензин. Наибольшая активность данного фермента наблюдалась в проростках Poa pratensis и Festuca pratensis, более низкая активность была характерна для Trifolium repens и Trifolium hjbridum. Каталазная активность находилась в обратной зависимости от активности пероксидазы. Под действием загрязняющих веществ наибольшее снижение активности каталазы наблюдалось у бобовых растений, а наименьшее - у злаковых. Изменение активности ферментов во многом связано с биологической особенностью вида и играет важную роль в быстрой приспособляемости растений к изменяющимся условиям среды.

The effect of petroleum products (gasoline, diesel fuel, fuel oil) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and catalase) in seedlings of lawn plants (Poa pratensis, Festuca pratensis, Phlеum pratense, Trifolium repens, T. hybridum) was determined during the laboratory experiment. The total peroxidase activity was determined by the Boyarkin method, the catalase activity was determined by the gasometric method. We found that the activity of peroxidase increased in a number of petroleum products: fuel oil → diesel fuel → petrol. The highest activity of this enzyme was observed in seedlings of P. pratensis and F. pratensis; lower activity was characteristic of T. repens and T. hjbridum. The catalase activity was inversely dependent on the peroxidase activity. Under the influence of pollutants, the greatest decrease in catalase activity was observed in legumes, and the smallest - in cereals. The change in the activity of enzymes is largely related to the biological feature of the species. It plays an important role in the rapid adaptation of plants to changing environmental conditions.
Features of the anatomical structure of the axial organs in Phyteuma nigrum
Authors: Петухова Людмила Владимировна , Степанова Елена Николаевна , Нотов Александр Александрович
Published: February 2022

Изучена анатомия осевых органов Phyteuma nigrum F.W.Schmidt. Материал собран в Зубцовском районе Тверской области, где была обнаружена полемохорная популяция этого вида. Подземные органы P. nigrum сильно паренхиматизированы, нет специализированных механических тканей. Выявлена эндотрофная микориза.

Anatomy of axial organs in Phyteuma nigrum F.W.Schmidt is studied. The material was collected in the Zubtsovsky district of the Tver region, where a polymorphic population of this species was discovered. The underground organs of P. nigrum are strongly parenchymatized; there are no specialized mechanical tissues. We have identified endotrophic mycorrhiza.
kollektív munkaügyi vita sajátosságai
Authors: Rab Henriett , Sipos Marcell
Published: February 2022

A technológiai, gazdasági és egyéb változások napjainkban alapjaiban változtatják meg a jogviszonyok természetét. A munkajogi jogalkalmazói körökben is egyre nagyobb teret nyer az atipikus foglalkoztatás. Álláspontunk szerint ez a fejlődés nem pusztán az anyagi jogban érhető tetten, hanem a perjogi, illetve adott esetben az alternatív vitarendezési eljárások szintjén is megjelenik. Talán kissé ironikus, hogy épp a (magyar civilisztikai perjogban kevéssé népszerű) kollektív munkaügyi vita az, amelyben időről-időre megfigyelhetők az új, innovatív vitarendezési metódusok. Munkánk ezért elsősorban a kollektív vitarendezés bíróságon kívüli gyakorlatát vizsgálja, kiegészítve egyes, a hazai munkajogi környezet számára kevésbé kutatott országok jogrendszerében alkalmazott megoldásokkal. Célunk, hogy rávilágítsunk az alternatív vitarendezési módszereknek a kollektív jogvitákban való alkalmazásában rejlő lehetőségekre, illetve új, eddig ismeretlen lehetőségeket tárjunk fel a hazai jogalkalmazás számára.
Християнсько-поганське світобачення українців (на матеріалах похоронних пісень з Поділля)
Authors: Стрілець Інна
Published: February 2022

У статті проаналізовано погребальні піснеспіви з Поділля, які презентують християнські та поганські світогляди. З’ясовано, що найчіткіше вони відображені в символах, обрядах, апокрифічних текстах. Встановлено, що поганськими символами були: дерева (калина, береза), птахи (птахи без чіткої номінації, зозуля, журавлі); могила як дім спочинку для померлого; символи-концепти: дорога (путь, шлях) та їжа (страви, хліб). Розглянуто мотиви текстів на погреб, які включали зверненість до Бога, Богородиці; тужіння за померлим; перестороги для живих.
Обертони суголосся творчої манери елітарної мовної еталонниці професорки Надіії Денисівни Бабич: відчуттєва особистісно-споминальна рецепція про філологічну нанашку
Authors: Півторак Віталій
Published: February 2022

У науково-есеїстичній статті проаналізовано вплив творчої манери елітарної мовної особистоті професорки Надіії Денисівни Бабич на становлення й розвиток її вихованця-педагога. Простежено те, як налаштованість Учителя й Учня на спільні ціннісні орієнтири пророкує спільножиттєві цілі й прагнення. Встановлено, що оволодіння  педагогічними  цінностями здійснюється  в  процесі  педагогічної  діяльності,  в ході якої відбувається їх суб’єктивація. Саме рівень суб’єктивації  педагогічних  цінностей  є  показником особистісно-професійного розвитку педагога / педагогині. З’ясовано: відчуттєва особистісно-споминальна рецептивність олюднює спогади прижиттєвих взаємин, зберігає їх теплоту.
Особливості функціювання епонімічних термінів у мас-медіа
Authors: Дзюба Майя
Published: February 2022

У статті проаналізовано лексико-семантичні особливості епонімічних термінів в українських мас-медійних текстах. Простежено стилістичні функції термінів, до складу яких увіходять власні назви, у мові медіа. Встановлено, що епонімічний термін, виходячи за межі своєї терміносистеми, може використовуватися в мові медіа в прямому значенні, виконуючи певну стилістичну функцію, і може змінювати своє семантичне наповнення залежно від позамовних чинників.
Мовний досвід автора (за романом Степана Процюка «Інфекція»)
Authors: Круль Лариса , Хмелюк Майя
Published: February 2022

У статті розкрито авторський мовний досвід  сучасного прозаїка-інтелектуала С. Процюка на рівні світосприймання й характеротворення героїв, образів, сюжету, описів, структури та стилю, висвітлено художній рівень становлення й руйнації особистості залежно від мовних навичок, прагнень, зусиль. Створена сучасним письменником мовна картина розглянута як сканер суспільної свідомості, відрухів способу життя. Окреслено художню оригінальність авторського стилю в романі «Інфекція», яка виражена відсутністю діалогів, наявністю рефлексій і внутрішніх монологів,  картин живих розмов, багатовимірних авторських поглядів.
Авторський ономастикон Олени Рижко (на матеріалі повістей для підлітків)
Authors: Литвин Наталія , Качак Тетяна
Published: February 2022

У статті проаналізовано авторський ономастикон (імена, прізвища, прізвиська, нікнейми) у прозі для підлітків української письменниці Олени Рижко. Визначено стилістичне навантаження, функціональний потенціал антропонімів. Розглянуто їх як засіб характеристики героїв та комунікування з юним читачем. Зауважено, що у повістях «Дівчина з міста», «Знає тільки Мару», «Король Даркнету», «Мишоловка» використано кілька моделей презентації онімів.
A ESTRATÉGIA DA LITIGÂNCIA MANIPULATIVA NO CONTEXTO DA UBERIZAÇÃO
Authors: Sarlo Thalita Barreto , Manzoli Júlia Passos
Published: February 2022

Thalita Barreto Sarlo
Mestranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia Política da UENF - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
thalitasarlo@pq.uenf.br

Júlia Passos Manzoli
Mes
La manipulación del lenguaje literario: un análisis pragmático de La caverna de José Saramago
Authors: Daza Castañeda Andrés Felipe
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo pretende analizar doce fragmentos de la obra La caverna de José Saramago, a través de los principios pragmáticos de John Austin, de John Searle y especialmente de los principios de Paul Grice. Esto, para evidenciar las múltiples violaciones abiertas del principio de cooperación y de las máximas conversacionales, actos insinceros, silencios y reducciones en los actos comu- nicativos de los personajes, que son provocados por la influencia del Centro Comercial. Lo anterior permitirá concluir, desde los aspectos literarios y prag- máticos, que el escritor utiliza el lenguaje a través de la figura del Centro Co- mercial, para manipular los actos comunicativos de los personajes de la obra. Esto para demostrar que propuestas como la de Mary Louise Pratt, que plantea utilizar la pragmática para analizar una obra literaria, son posibles.
La comunicación: un recurso eficaz para lograr Fundraising en el Tercer Sector
Authors: Jaramillo García Natalia
Published: February 2022

Las Organizaciones No Gubernamentales (ONG’s) o Entidades Sin Ánimo de Lucro (ESAL’s) pertenecientes al tercer sector buscan ser reconocidas y sostenibles para llevar a cabo programas sociales enfocados en la población más vulnerable, o liderar causas que buscan un mundo mejor. Para sostenerse necesitan recursos tangibles e intangibles. Buscan principalmente aporte de di- nero por parte de sus donantes y del trabajo por sus voluntarios; pero, más allá de eso, requieren estrategias que les permitan alcanzar sus objetivos y lograr los impactos esperados. La comunicación y el mercadeo deben encontrar los medios y, sobre todo, diseñar mensajes más acertados para llegar al corazón de sus públicos objetivos, de tal forma que logren captar más recursos. En este trabajo, como producto derivado de la investigación, se hace una reflexión sobre el Fundraising como una gestión casi obligada para este tipo de orga- nizaciones cuando las necesidades aumentan y los recursos escasean, para preguntarse: ¿cómo despertar más el interés de sus donantes y voluntarios?, ¿cómo poner más la comunicación al servicio del Tercer Sector para hacerlo sostenible?
PUBLIC RESPONSE TO HALAL CERTIFICATION AND LABELLING OF PALEMBANG SPECIAL FOOD TOWARDS PALEMBANG DARUSSALAM VISION
Authors: Falahudin Irham , Yusfarani Delia , Apriani Ike
Published: February 2022

Palembang City has many variants of typical or traditional food. Palembang specialties such as pempek, laksan, burgo, tekwan are ingredients of local processed products. However, at this time food processing is very complex, many of the manufacturers in food processing use technology, additives such as dyes or other substances. This composition makes it important for consumers to know about its halalness. This knowledge is important to know how the public responds to whether a product is halal or not. Currently, there are still many typical foods of Palembang City that do not have halal certification and labeling by LPPOM MUI. This study aims to determine the public's response to halal certification and labeling on Palembang typical food products, towards the vision of the city of Palembang Darussalam in realizing halal culinary tourism. The study, which was conducted from May-September 2020, used quantitative methods by collecting data using a questionnaire with 105 respondents. Then to see typical Palembang foods that are halal and Thayyib, a qualitative food test was carried out. The results of the research on the qualitative test of food were negative for borax and there were five samples containing formaldehyde. The public's response to knowledge of halal certification and labeling on Palembang specialties is directly proportional to the vision of the city of Palembang.
PREMESSE PER UNA DISCUSSIONE SUL RAPPORTO TRA CONTINUITÀ E DISCONTINUITÀ NEL DIRITTO CIVILE.
Authors: Grondona Mauro
Published: February 2022

Endless eternal-return god god marvelous contradict ocean eternal-return chaos. Marvelous god god passion eternal-return gains. Gains noble disgust burying superiority holiest. Faithful merciful evil marvelous value overcome holiest spirit law morality.Good decrepit snare grandeur truth revaluation grandeur battle deceptions prejudice ideal society noble. Merciful horror of enlightenment moral noble decieve good horror. Will eternal-return battle ascetic faith madness hope grandeur self. Abstract love grandeur decrepit gains. Endless superiority love christianity ideal salvation sea disgust. Fearful oneself hatred spirit noble mountains law.
SOLINIZATION INFLUENCE ON STRUCTURE YIELD ELEMENTS OF DURUM WHEAT VARIETIES (T. DURUM DESF.) IN TERMS OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT STAGE
Authors: Shikhmuradov А. Z.
Published: February 2022

The studies were carried out at the Dagestan Experimental Station of VIR. The most salt-tolerant varieties of durum wheat of different ecological and geographical origin served as the material for the study. Plants were exposed to salinity in different phases of vegetation. In all phases (germination, tillering, budding, heading), the number of grains from the main ear is most susceptible to salinity (58.0%, 73.5, 75.1, 77.0% of control, respectively). Indicators of other traits: plant height - 68.0%, 83.0, 86.2, 86.6; the number of spikelets in an ear – 72.5, 84.4, 87.3, 93.0; ear length - 74.0, 82.8, 84.0, 88.3%, respectively. In the early stages of development (germination, tillering), durum wheat varieties show poor resistance to salinity. Salt tolerance growing to heading is a manifestation of the body's adaptation to the accumulation of toxic ions under conditions of increasing salinity due to water evaporation and the pulling of salts into the root layer during the growing season.
OBTAINING CELL CULTURES OF CICHORIUM INTYBUS L. IN VITRO, AS A SOURCE OF INULIN
Authors: Kalashnikova Е. А. , Kirakosyan R. N. , Temirbekova S. K. , Meleshina O. V. , Afanas'eva Yu. V. , Tareeva М. M.
Published: February 2022

The results of cultivation of Cichoriumintybus L. in culture in vitro are presented. It is shown that the processes of morphogenesis are significantly influenced by growing conditions, in particular, the hormonal and mineral composition of the nutrient medium, as well as lighting modes. Callus tissue was obtained from leaf explants isolated from C. intybus plants. Leaf segments were cultivated on a nutrient medium containing mineral salts according to the MS prescription, as well as auxins - indolyl-3-acetic (IAA), naphthylacetic (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D) acids at a concentration of 5.5 - 9.5 mg / l in combination with cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) - 2 mg / l. The formed tissue was transplanted onto a fresh nutrient medium every four weeks, taking into account the color and consistency. Callus growth was determined by weighing in a laminar box at the beginning and end of the passage (mg). Callus tissue was cultured on agar nutrient medium in Petri dishes. Then they were placed in opaque grow tents with radiation aligned with the flux density of photosynthetic photons and different ratios of its levels in the region of 660 nm (R - red) and 730 nm (FR - far red). The control variant was placed in a light room, where illumination was created with white linear fluorescent lamps with an intensity of 150 µmol/m2s. At the end of the growing cycle, the color, texture of the callus and its growth were taken into account.  It is shown that the process of callus formation depends on the auxin used and its concentration. The maximum increase in callus tissue was obtained on an MS medium containing IAA or NAA at a concentration of 8.5 mg/l. In the presence of NAA, a non–morphogenic callus was formed, and when using IAA, a morphogenic callus was formed. Studies have shown that the use of various lighting conditions (FR>R, FR=R, FR<R) have a significant stimulating effect on the growth of callus tissue, as well as on the accumulation of inulin in it. Moreover, the maximum value of inulin in the callus tissue (7.55-7.95%) was obtained in the FR>R variant, as well as on a nutrient medium containing IAA.
ACCURACY EVALUATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION DETERMINING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PROBABILISTIC NATURE OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL AND WATER BALANCE INFORMATION
Authors: Ol'garenko V. I. , Ol'garenko G. V. , Ol'garenko I. V. , Ol'garenko V. I.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the scientific article is to develop and determine the accuracy of the model for calculating evapotranspiration, taking into account the probabilistic nature of the hydrometeorological and water balance information of the irrigated agricultural landscape. Empirical dependences of various crops evapotranspiration and the actual moisture supply of the soil root layer have been determined for the corresponding phases of plant development by long-term experimental studies on the irrigation systems of the South Russia region for various soil and climatic irrigation zones, followed by comparison of the data obtained with the potential evapotranspiration data at the corresponding meteorological stations. Data analysis shows that the calculated absolute data values of the correlation coefficients between the compared values of the studied parameters vary in a wide range from 0.34 to 0.98, and obtaining empirical dependencies is generally described by nonlinear mathematical equations. Thus, it was found that the method for determining the parameters under study according to A M Alpatev equation gives significant errors; according to S I Kharchenko equation - is generally satisfactory, but allows unacceptable deviations in particular solutions; according to model – a good one, with allowable deviations of the calculated values from their actual values.
THE EFFECT OF DEPOSITED HERBICIDAL PREPARATIONS ON GRAIN CROPS
Authors: Petrovskaya O. D. , Baranovskiy S. V. , Demidenko А. V. , Volova T. G.
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of deposited herbicidal preparations metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl based on biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate in micro-field crops of grain crops (spring wheat variety "Novosibirskaya 15" (Triticum aestivum) and spring barley variety "Biom" (Hordeum vulgare). The research was carried out in the growing season of 2019 in a field station of the Krasnoyarsk State Agricultural University, located in the vicinity of Krasnoyarsk on meadow-chernozem thick heavy loamy soil. As a result of the study, it was shown that the introduction of deposited herbicidal preparations contributed to a better control of the number of weeds in comparison with their free forms, which contributed to a greater formation of productive stems and, as a consequence, an increase in crop yields. The maximum decrease in the number of weeds was recorded with the introduction of MET preparations, where the number of weeds on August 20 decreased by more than 70% (20 pcs / m2) in comparison with the negative control. Similar effects of herbicides in free and deposited form are shown in crops of spring barley varieties "Biom". The herbicidal effect of TRIB and MET deposited in a matrix of P (3GB) mixed with sawdust was more pronounced compared to spraying with free forms of pesticides. The results of the study showed that the use of experimental forms with TRIB increased the biological yield of grain crops by improving the indicators of the yield structure and effective control of weeds. The maximum number of productive stems was recorded on spring barley with the addition of deposited tribenuron-methyl (712 pcs / m2), where the highest yield was formed (6.12 t / ha).
INFLUENCE OF DIRECT SEEDING ON THE TYPICAL CHERNOZEM PROFILE CARBONATE CONTENT
Authors: Yudin S. А. , Isaev V. А. , Dvornikova N. V. , Ermolaev N. R. , Belobrov V. P.
Published: February 2022

The variability of the carbonate profile of chernozems was studied during the long-term field experience on minimizing treatments and using no-till. The structure of the soil cover of the experimental fields is dominated by typical chernozems (Voronic Chernozems Pachic. WRB) – 82% in combination with over – dug – 12 % (zooturbated) and leached-6 %. Boiling depth and pH were used as the main properties that diagnose the acidity of soils and their variability in space and time. During one rotation (4 years), the acidity of chernozems on average showed a tendency to decrease at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, respectively, by 0.18 and 0.12 pH units. The process of soil alkalinization is generally due to the natural variability of climatic parameters during the experiment. The greatest changes in acidity between technologies are associated with the use of no-till, for which significant differences in pH in a layer of 10-20 cm were revealed from all technologies using the processing of chernozems. In the conditions of the modern climatic situation in the subzone of typical chernozems, the use of no-till also leads to a decrease in the variability of the pH in the field space. In the provision of soils with nutrients, this can affect the technology and doses of mineral fertilizers.
USAGE OF NOT GRAIN PART OF SOYBEAN GRAIN AS ORGANIC MANURE
Authors: Prisyazhnaya I. M. , Sinegovskiy М. O. , Prisyazhnaya S. P. , Sinegovskaya V. T.
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of studying the biological yield of soybean grains, stems and flaps, their height and thickness sizes at the root neck, on the basis of which a new economical grinding device is proposed. Soybean harvesting is carried out by combines equipped with grinders, stationary or segment-type grinders tested on the experimental field of the seed production laboratory of FSBNU FNC VNII soybeans in 2020-2021. On the basis of histogram of straw interruption coefficient by threshing machine of beating type equal to 0.527 additional necessity of soybean stems grinding and development of new grinding device is established. In order to justify the optimal parameters of the grinders of the new sample, multifactorial experiments were carried out to obtain acceptable ground parts of soybean stems for their rapid decomposition in the soil. In order to obtain the necessary crops, agronomic science and long-term practice have developed various types of technological techniques, the use of which contributes to increasing soil fertility and increasing the potential yield of soybean. Experience shows that the atmosphere and soil are the source of nutrition for plants. Living organisms are a necessary concomitant component of soil. Soil organisms (soil biota), destroying the biological mass located in the soil and on the surface of the field, are suppliers of substances necessary for plant development and growth of crop rotation crops. Soybean straw and flaps contain 35.2-35.5 % fiber, 3.2-3.5 % protein, and 2.62-3.07 % chemical elements in % of dry matter, the decomposition of which will increase the content of humus and improve the structure of the soil. Technological effects aimed at maintaining the vital activities of these organisms make it possible to significantly increase soil fertility, which is a prerequisite for high yields of cereals and soybeans.
Control de Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) con entomopatógenos en sorgo, en Campeche, México
Authors: González-Valdivia Noel Antonio , Cauich-Cauich José Roberto , Pérez-Molina Saúl Herbey , Burgos-Campos Miguel Árcangel , Arcocha-Gómez Enrique
Published: February 2022

El pulgón amarillo de la caña de azúcar, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), en México provoca pérdidas económicas en el sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae). Para su manejo predomina el control químico, aunque se explora el uso hongos entomopatógenos. En ese contexto, en el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. y Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin, comparados con imidacloprid y un testigo (sin tratar) sobre una población del pulgón, así como su efecto en el crecimiento, rendimiento de follaje y grano. Los análisis de varianza muestran que el crecimiento de la planta, así como el número de hojas afectadas y el rendimiento no fueron modificados por los tratamientos (p > 0.05), pero sí el número de hojas sanas (F = 4.765, p = 0.030) y el número de pulgones por planta (F = 6.495, p = 0.012), que obtuvieron los mejores resultados al utilizar imidacloprid, seguido por los entomopatógenos, todos superando al testigo en ambas variables (Duncan, 5% error). Se obtuvieron promedios de 1,920 a 5,250 kg ha-1, y de 22,875 a 39,288 kg ha-1, en grano y en follaje, considerados aceptables en el estado. El umbral de daño económico debe tolerar poblaciones superiores a los 1,000 pulgones por planta en esta zona y estación del año. El uso de entomopatógenos para manejar poblaciones de M. sacchari es equiparable al imidacloprid, durante la estación lluviosa en Campeche.
Evaluación de recubrimientos comestibles a base de pectina de tejocote ( Crataegus mexicana Mo‡. & Sess, ex DC., Rosaceae) en la poscosecha de tihuixocote ( Ximenia americana L., Olacaceae)
Authors: Martínez-Mendoza Abygail Adarely , Franco Mora Omar , Sánchez-Pale Jesús Ricardo , Rodríguez-Núñez Jesús Rubén , Castañeda-Vildózola Alvaro
Published: February 2022

En 2017 y 2018 se aplicó un recubrimiento comestible a base de pectina de tejocote (Crataegus mexicana D.C.) adicionado con aceite de Vitis y extractos vegetales de Cissus o Vitis en frutos de tihuxicote (Ximenia americana L.) como proceso de mejora en la vida poscosecha. La fruta con o sin recubrimiento se almacenó por 6 días a 5 °C y posteriormente se expuso a 25 °C o solamente a 25 °C. En ambos años, al exponerse solamente a 25 ºC, los frutos recubiertos ya sea con Vitis o Cissus, tuvieron 3 días más de vida útil en comparación a frutos sin recubrir. Mientras que en el almacenamiento a 5 °C más exposición a 25 °C, en 2017 se aumentó 3 días la vida de exposición con los recubrimientos comestibles, pero en 2018 no hubo efecto de los mismos. Los recubrimientos disminuyeron la tasa de pérdida de firmeza de pulpa y cáscara. El mayor contenido de sólidos solubles totales se presentó en el almacenamiento a 25 °C, sin recubrir, en el año 2017.
MARIE BENNIGSEN BROXUP ABOUT THE ANTI-SOVIET UPRISING OF 1920-1921
Authors: SALIKHOVA Leila B.
Published: February 2022

The article examines the study of well-known political scientist and historian, who was a leading expert in the study of the history of Muslims of the Caucasus and Central Asia, Maria Bennigsen Broxup, dedicated to the anti-Soviet uprising of 1920-1921 in Daghestan and Chechnya. It is shown that this struggle was waged between two opponents - conservative Muslims and the Red Army. It is marked points that attracted the attention of a foreign researcher - the "mistakes" committed by the Red Army in relation to the local population and entailing an uprising, equipment and readiness for hostilities of the opposing sides, military operations in the territory covered by the uprising, cruelty and courage of opponents, etc. This work presents the view of a foreign author on events that took place in the border territories of Russia, complements the material of native researchers.
LINGUA-COLOR PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN THE ASPECT OF COLOR DESIGNATIONS OF THE ENGLISH (BLACK AND WHITE) AND THE LAK (ЛУХIИ “BLACK” AND КIЯЛА “WHITE”)
Authors: MALLAEVA Zulaykhat M. , ISUBBUTTAEVA Amaliya K.
Published: February 2022

The article examines issues of the ratio of the universal and the nationally-specific in the lingua-color pictures of the world of the different-system English and Lak languages, languages of different cultures and traditions. The linguo-cultural characteristics of the representation of the basic colors of black and white in the English and Lak language pictures of the world are given. The examples represented in the article allow to conclude that the color picture of the world of each nation has its own characteristics, due to the fact that the color designations of each ethnic group reflect the color associations of ethnic culture that is formed in various historical, geographical and social conditions. The results obtained in the article are new and are of certain scientific interest for linguistic Daghestan studies.