bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Factors Affecting Fishers’ Wellbeing in the U.S. Virgin Islands through the Lens of Heuristic Modelling
Authors: Seara Tarsila , Pollnac Richard
Published: June 2024

Ongoing efforts to improve U.S. Caribbean fisheries management include increased consideration for human dimensions data and increased stakeholder input and engagement. Given the significant pressure that the local fisheries have sustained due to environmental degradation, climate change, storms and hurricanes, and overharvesting, combined with the critical data gaps that exist in both natural and human dimensions, it becomes particularly important to understand fishers’ perceptions and aspects influencing them to promote efforts that will maximize the wellbeing of these social-ecological systems. In this study, data collected through surveys with fishers in the U.S. Virgin Islands were used to develop a correlation model to test relationships between variables using a heuristic model, the Anthropic Impact Assessment Model (AIAM) as the basis. Findings support the application of heuristic models, such as the AIAM, to develop hypotheses and test relationships to understand complex fishery social-ecological systems. The most significant findings with implications for decision making in the region include support for considering fishers’ wellbeing as an indicator of ecosystem health and for using fishers’ local ecological knowledge in the management process, particularly under data-poor conditions, for information that can be used to better target outreach and education efforts, as well as more effective recovery plans to promote resilience and adaptation to environmental change, including the impacts of natural disasters. Results of this study and future analyses using similar approaches can be used to guide the incorporation of human dimensions data into the decision-making process in the U.S. Caribbean and elsewhere.
Healthcare Professionals’ Attitudes and Practices According to Their Recommendations on Exercise during the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Greek Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Daglas Vasileios , Kostopoulos Nikolaos , Mrvoljak-Theodoropoulou Irina , Mitrotasios Michalis , Dagla Maria , Lykeridou Aikaterini , Antoniou Evangelia
Published: June 2024

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate healthcare professionals’ attitudes and practices when it comes to their recommendations on exercise during the first trimester of pregnancy and to highlight the factors that influence or predict these attitudes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2022 and March 2023, on a sample of 237 Greek healthcare professionals (midwives and obstetricians) employed in healthcare settings in Attica/Greece. In the statistical analysis, eight independent models of multivariate analyses of variance were conducted. Results: Only half of the participants (54.89%) report that they recommend exercise to pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. The majority do not routinely recommend a specific frequency and duration of exercise. Participants who believe that exercise during pregnancy is of little benefit to pregnant women were less likely to recommend the following, in the first trimester of pregnancy: (a) exercise in general (p = 0.002), (b) resistance/muscle strengthening exercises (p = 0.039), (c) relaxation exercises (p = 0.002), and (d) a specific exercise duration (p = 0.011). Those who report being very familiar with the international guidelines are (a) more likely to recommend exercise in general (p = 0.013), as well as aerobic exercises (p = 0.023); (b) less likely to not recommend a specific frequency (p = 0.027); and (c) more likely to recommend a duration of 30–45 min of exercise in the first trimester (p = 0.017). Conclusions: I this study, a significant proportion of health professionals’ attitudes appear to diverge from the recommendations set forth by international scientific bodies regarding exercise during pregnancy. Furthermore, health professionals’ beliefs regarding the benefits of exercise during pregnancy, along with their familiarity with international guidelines, appear to influence their usual practices in recommending exercise during the first trimester of pregnancy to pregnant women.
Experimental Evaluation of a MIMO Radar Performance for ADAS Application
Authors: Dios Federico , Torres-Benito Sergio , Lázaro Jose A. , Casas Josep R. , Pinazo Jorge , Lerín Adolfo
Published: June 2024

Among the sensors necessary to equip vehicles with an autonomous driving system, there is a tacit agreement that cameras and some type of radar would be essential. The ability of radar to spatially locate objects (pedestrians, other vehicles, trees, street furniture, and traffic signs) makes it the most economical complement to the cameras in the visible spectrum in order to give the correct depth to scenes. From the echoes obtained by the radar, some data fusion algorithms will try to locate each object in its correct place within the space surrounding the vehicle. In any case, the usefulness of the radar will be determined by several performance parameters, such as its average error in distance, the maximum errors, and the number of echoes per second it can provide. In this work, we have tested experimentally the AWR1843 MIMO radar from Texas Instruments to measure those parameters.
Psychological Impacts of Urban Environmental Settings: A Micro-Scale Study on a University Campus
Authors: Qi Feng , Parra Andres Ospina , Block-Lerner Jennifer , McManus Jonah
Published: June 2024

The environment’s psychological impacts on humans have been long studied, but many questions remain unanswered. We conducted a micro-scale study to examine the relationships among the objective characteristics of urban environmental settings, people’s subjective perception of such settings, and the related psychological responses. We employed a geo-enabled survey tool to gather data on individuals’ perceptions of the immediate environment within their daily activity space. The psychological processes assessed included emotional and affective states such as perceived stress and happiness. The data points were mapped on a high-resolution aerial image, which was classified to derive quantitative properties to examine the dose-response relationship between environmental exposure and psychological responses. Our results showed negative correlations between the momentary stress level and the amount of environmental elements such as water, trees, and grass. Positive correlations were detected between stress level and the amount of parking lot and barren land, as well as the distance to buildings. In terms of perceived happiness, positive environmental factors included water, trees, and artificial surfaces, with all other elements having negative correlations. Most of the correlations examined were not strong correlations. This could be due to the significant differences in how individuals respond to environmental stimuli.
Modeling 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) Chemistry to Design Glycoconjugate Vaccines with Desired Structural and Immunological Characteristics
Authors: Nappini Rebecca , Alfini Renzo , Durante Salvatore , Salvini Laura , Raso Maria Michelina , Palmieri Elena , Di Benedetto Roberta , Carducci Martina , Rossi Omar , Cescutti Paola , Micoli Francesca , Giannelli Carlo
Published: June 2024

Glycoconjugation is a well-established technology for vaccine development: linkage of the polysaccharide (PS) antigen to an appropriate carrier protein overcomes the limitations of PS T-independent antigens, making them effective in infants and providing immunological memory. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been successful in reducing the burden of different diseases globally. However, many pathogens still require a vaccine, and many of them display a variety of glycans on their surface that have been proposed as key antigens for the development of high-valency glycoconjugate vaccines. CDAP chemistry represents a generic conjugation strategy that is easily applied to PS with different structures. This chemistry utilizes common groups to a large range of PS and proteins, e.g., hydroxyl groups on the PS and amino groups on the protein. Here, new fast analytical tools to study CDAP reaction have been developed, and reaction conditions for PS activation and conjugation have been extensively investigated. Mathematical models have been built to identify reaction conditions to generate conjugates with wanted characteristics and successfully applied to a large number of bacterial PSs from different pathogens, e.g., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Paratyphi A, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Shighella sonnei and Shigella flexneri. Furthermore, using Salmonella Paratyphi A O-antigen and CRM197 as models, a design of experiment approach has been used to study the impact of conjugation conditions and conjugate features on immunogenicity in rabbits. The approach used can be rapidly extended to other PSs and accelerate the development of high-valency glycoconjugate vaccines.
Enraizadores naturais na propagação vegetativa de Pitaia
Authors: Junior Gilberto , Alves e Mendes Hellenn Thallyta
Published: June 2024

A pitaia, pertencente à espécie Hylocereus, é uma planta cactácea, frutífera que ganhou fama por sua forma exótica e sabor adocicado. Objetivou-se assim, comparar o uso de diferentes enraizadores na produção vegetativa de mudas de pitaia variedade vermelha (Hylocereus polyrhizus) e branca (Hylocereus undatus). O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação, com delineamento em blocos casualizados composto por 4 tratamentos (Vitaplan, lentilha + coco, canela e testemunha), com 3 repetições dispostos em 3 blocos. Foram realizadas as análises de: comprimento de parte aérea, peso de parte aérea fresco e seco, comprimento de raiz e peso de raiz fresco e seco. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o Vitaplan favoreceu o crescimento da parte aérea e comprimento de raízes, os demais tratamentos foram inferiores a testemunha e ao Vitaplan. Conclui-se que os tratamentos com canela em pó e extrato de lentilha + água de coco não influenciou no enraizamento das variedades de pitaia testadas e o Vitaplan se mostrou superior aos demais tratamentos tendo resultados melhores na variedade vermelha
Functional assessment of microcirculation in the injection site tissues when using local anaesthesia
Authors: Anisimova E. N. , Anisimova N. U. , Orekhova I. V. , Pershina L. V.
Published: June 2024

Relevance. In modern dentistry, the primary criteria for successful anaesthesia are the effectiveness and safety of the anaesthetic used. These factors depend on the type of local anaesthetic and the method of its administration in the maxillofacial tissues. Studying the impact of locally anaesthetizing solutions administered by different injection techniques on the periodontal tissues is possible by recording changes in microcirculation using the LDF method.

Purpose. To dynamically record the baseline microcirculation indicator in the tissues at the injection site when using various methods and means of local anaesthesia.

Materials and methods. The study of changes in the microcirculation of periodontal tissues was conducted among 105 patients: 67 women and 38 men aged 25 to 56 years without periodontal pathology and comorbidities, using injection methods of anaesthesia (infiltration and modified periodontal anaesthesia) with 2% and 4% solutions of articaine with varying concentrations of vasoconstrictor. Changes in the microcirculation index were recorded at the injection site: at the root apex projection during infiltration and in the gingival papilla region during MPA, with an exposure time during LDF registration of 5 minutes. To maintain the fiber optic probe, an individual key made of C-silicone with an additional corrective layer was used for repeat positioning. The most informative indicator of the study was the magnitude of the average blood perfusion flow (M) in the time interval of registration, with its changes reflected in the study results.

Results. Analysis of the dynamics of microcirculation indicators in the injection site tissues when using various methods of administering locally anaesthetizing drugs based on 2% and 4% solutions of articaine without vasoconstrictor and with epinephrine at concentrations of 1:200,000 and 1:100,000 allowed the determination of tissue ischemia depth at the injection site and the rate of blood flow restoration after anaesthesia.

Conclusion. Changes in microcirculation indicators in the tissues at the injection site of the local anaesthetic depend on the concentration of the local anaesthetic and vasoconstrictor, the method of administration used, and the volume of the drug administered.
Investigation of the ultrastructure of dental pulp odontoblasts in a patient following a COVID-19 viral infection
Authors: Pugacheva A. A. , Orekhova L. Yu. , Oksas N. S. , Paramonova N. M. , Kudryavtseva T. V.
Published: June 2024

Relevance. Recent studies on odontoblast ultrastructure have indicated that these cells possess immune functions. Unfortunately, both domestic and international sources lack transmission electron microscopy research data that characterise the ultrastructure of odontoblasts. This gap in the literature limits the expansion of knowledge about these specific cells of the human dental pulp and their practical applications. An analysis of existing literature and our own research suggests that the organs of the oral cavity may become targets for the coronavirus. Odontoblasts, as specialized cells of the dental pulp, perform multiple functions. Their primary role is in dentinogenesis, but equally important is their participation in immune functions, evidenced by the presence of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on their surface. These include Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NOD-like receptors, NLRs), some of which can mount an immune response to the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the cell.

Materials and methods. This study involved a comprehensive clinical-laboratory investigation of the pulp from an intact tooth 2.8, extracted for orthodontic reasons from a patient who had recovered from a COVID-19 infection a few weeks prior to the tooth extirpation. The ultrastructure of the dental pulp was examined using transmission electron microscopy.

Results. In the ultrathin sections of the pulp specimens from the extirpated tooth, specific odontoblast cells with clearly traceable ultrastructure were identified. The electron micrographs visualized features characteristic of viral entry into the cell: initial apoptotic changes in the nucleus of the odontoblast, the presence of clathrin-coated vesicles in the cytoplasmic membrane of the odontoblast process. Additionally, clathrin-coated invaginations of the cytolemma in the terminal parts of the odontoblasts were observed.

Conclusion. The electron micrographs revealed ultrastructural changes indicative of a viral infection, suggesting the involvement of odontoblasts, equipped with the TLR3 and TLR4 system, in the antiviral defence against SARS-CoV-2.
Obstructing colorectal cancer: a population-based review of colonic stenting in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Keogh Cian , Moore Julie , Cossio Danica , Smith Nick , Clark David A.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Stenting is a useful treatment option for malignant colonic obstruction, but its role remains unclear. This study was designed to establish how stents have been used in Queensland, Australia, and to review outcomes. Methods: Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer in Queensland from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2014, who underwent colonic stent insertion were reviewed. Primary outcomes of 5-year survival, 30-day mortality, and overall length of survival were calculated. The secondary outcomes included patient and tumor factors, and stoma rates. Results: In total, 319 patients were included, and distant metastases were identified in 183 patients (57.4%). The 30-day mortality rate was 6.6% (n=21), and the 5-year survival was 11.9% (n=38). Median survival was 11 months (interquartile range, 4–27 months). A further operation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.19; P<0.001) and chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (HR, 0.718; P=0.046) reduced the risk of 5-year mortality. The presence of distant metastases (HR, 2.052; P<0.001) and a comorbidity score of 3 or more (HR, 1.572; P=0.20) increased mortality. Surgery was associated with a reduced risk of mortality even in patients with metastatic disease (HR, 0.14; P<0.001). Twenty-two patients (6.9%) ended the study period with a stoma. Conclusion: Colorectal stenting was used in Queensland in several diverse scenarios, in both localized and metastatic disease. Surgery had a survival advantage, even in patients with metastatic disease. There was no survival difference according to whether patients were socioeconomically disadvantaged, diagnosed in a major city or not, or treated at private or public hospitals. Stenting proved a valid treatment option with low stoma rates.
Uma filósofa em tempos de emergência
Authors: Barbosa da Silva André Luiz
Published: June 2024

O ensaio visa expor as reflexões de Olgária Matos sobre o estado de exceção. A partir disso, inicia seu percurso discorrendo sobre a origem do conceito de modernidade, cunhado pela primeira vez por Charles Baudelaire, e como este explicita a emergência da sociedade burguesa e as relações socias no capitalismo nascente. Nesse ínterim, verifica-se o lado sombrio do primeiro protótipo da modernidade, o Esclarecimento, representado pela imagem das luzes. Nesse aspecto, o sentido secundário (militar) do conceito de esclarecimento, como “reconhecimento do inimigo”, nos proporciona alcançar os resquícios do passado tidos como barbárico e superados pelo próprio processo civilizacional realizado pela modernidade. O arbítrio do rei no absolutismo é superado pelo conceito abstrato de soberania e do estado de exceção. Num processo próprio da modernidade, o que era concreto se desfaz em pura abstração, mas abstração esta capaz de produzir resultados concretos ainda piores dos que perpetrados antes pelos mandos e desmandos do rei. A modernidade compreendida como estado de exceção em permanência redunda na luta acirrada de um capitalismo de rapina, em que os indivíduos se digladiam pelo botim e despojos da carnificina. Eis o estado de exceção geral da sociedade, que, na verdade, conforme Benjamin, não passa da regra. Resta-nos como saída a recordação dos momentos em que o verdadeiro Estado de exceção começou a ser deflagrado, pois através da recordação se reativa a esperança de se instaurar um verdadeiro Estado de exceção, o qual se constitui nas palavras de Olgária, a sociedade sem classes.
A Revision of Bidens (Asteraceae: Coreopsideae) from Bolivia
Authors: Lizarazu Mabel A. , Beck Stephan G. , Fuentes Alfredo , Freire Susana E.
Published: June 2024

The genus Bidens L. is the largest genus of the Coreopsideae that comprises about 280 species with a global distribution in tropical and temperate climates. An account of the 12 species and three varieties of Bidens occurring in Bolivia is provided, i.e., B. andicola Kunth var. andicola, B. andicola var. heterophylla Kuntze, B. aurea (Aiton) Sherff, B. cynapiifolia Kunth, B. exigua Sherff, B. gardneri Baker, B. herzogii (Sherff) D. J. N. Hind, B. mandonii (Sherff) Cabrera, B. pilosa L., B. pseudocosmos Sherff, B. squarrosa Kunth, B. subalternans DC. var. subalternans, B. subalternans var. simulans Sherff, B. tenera O. E. Schulz, and B. triplinervia Kunth var. macrantha (Wedd.) Sherff. The following three taxa are placed in synonymy: B. buchtienii Sherff is synonymized under B. andicola var. heterophylla; and B. andicola var. tarijensis Sherff and B. andicola f. dissecta Sherff under B. triplinervia var. macrantha. Diodonta coronata (L.) Nutt. is selected as the generitype of Diodonta Nutt. (= Bidens), and 23 lectotypes are designated: one for B. andicola, one for B. andicola var. heterophylla, one for B. gardneri, nine for names applicable to B. pilosa, one for B. pseudocosmos, five for names applicable to B. squarrosa, one for a name applicable to B. tenera, five for names applicable to B. triplinervia var. macrantha; and an epitype is proposed for the name B. odorata Cav. Four taxa are excluded from Bolivia, i.e., B. bipinnata L., B. reptans (L.) G. Don, B. rubifolia Kunth, and B. grandiflora Balb. var. longiloba Kuntze for which specimens have not been traced that confirmed their occurrence in Bolivia. Bidens subalternans var. simulans and B. aurea are reported for the first time from Bolivia. Descriptions, distribution maps, identification key, illustrations, and local vernacular names of all taxa are provided.
STAT signaling pathways in immune cells and their associated mechanisms in cancer pathogenesis
Authors: Sohrabi Sepideh , Alipour Shiva , Ghahramanipour Zahra , Masoumi Javad , Baradaran Behzad
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STATs) factors as critical proteins in cell signaling regulate diverse biological processes such as differentiation and proliferation of cells. STATs have been shown to play distinct roles in modulating immune responses mediated by innate and adaptive immune cell subsets due to their significant roles in cytokine signaling. Methods: In the current study, we review recent studies on the contribution of individual STAT proteins to cytokine signaling, development, and activity of diverse immune cells that constitute the whole immune system and help its performance against endogenous or exogenous agents with a particular focus on meaningful STAT factor in each of innate and adaptive immune cells’ subsets to clarify their function in favor of the tumor or against it. Results: Dysregulation of signaling pathways in the immune cells is associated with various immune disorders, such as the inability of immune system cells in the effective destruction of cancerous cells. Increase of knowledge about these pathways’ functions is essential to understand how they can be effectively targeted to eliminate tumors. Conclusion: The majority of immune cells use the Jak/STAT signaling pathway, which is one of the most important signaling pathways with a role in induction of proper immune responses. Since each of the STAT factors has a specific role in diverse immune cells’ subsets, appropriate targeting of them can be a promising strategy for patients who suffer from immune system disorders; specifically it can be beneficial as an approach for cancer immunotherapy.
Promising leads against lung cancer from the plants in Lamiaceae family
Authors: Rahimlouy Aghdam Alireza , Hamedeyazdan Sanaz
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Ceaselessly, management of cancer has been the major global challenge for healthcare professionals. As regards, lung cancer (LC) has been introduced as the second most common form of cancer in both men and women, taking the lives of more than a million people each year, statistically holding the highest mortality rate among all cancer types. Although much effort has been made for the management of LC, current therapies are quite ineffective. With reference to the fact that the most current chemotherapeutic agents for LC are of plant origin, the authors hereby collected the acclaimed plants from the Lamiaceae family which have shown remarkable activity against LC. Methods: The incorporated papers were published between the years of 1997 and 2023. The principal search keywords for this review article were "lung cancer", "Lamiaceae", "cytotoxic effect", "anti-tumor" and "anti-proliferative" in Medline, Springer, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases. Results: To the furthest extent, different responsible mechanism(s) of action for the anti-cancer properties of each plant are discussed. The respected IC50 values for plant extracts, essential oils or pure isolated compounds are underlined as well. Conclusion: Many plants and isolated relative phytochemicals have shown exceptional anti-cancer potency against LC; nonetheless, they still remain undisclosed. We believe that this assembled data would globally inspire scientists on the passing way of LC treatment.
A procedure for DNA methylation assessment in osteoporosis-related gene promoters of umbilical cord blood: A study on the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) birth cohort
Authors: Baradaran Mahdavi Sadegh , Javadirad Seyed Morteza , Rafieian Mahsa , Poursafa Parnian , Azimian Zavareh Vajihe , Daniali Seyede Shahrbanoo , Heidari-Beni Motahar , Goodarzi-Khoigani Masoomeh , Vahdatpour Babak , Mirhendi Hossein , Kelishadi Roya
Published: June 2024

Introduction: It is believed that DNA methylation can modify disease susceptibility in response to environmental factors as early as the perinatal period. In this study, we aimed to present a streamlined DNA methylation analysis procedure for osteoporosis-related gene promoters in the umbilical cord blood. Methods: The Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) birth cohort was established in 2016. In this study, a total of 300 umbilical cord blood samples were collected at the time of delivery. For all samples, DNA was extracted and converted using sodium bisulfite. Multiple primer sets were designed for Wnt1, Wnt10b, β-catenin, OPG, and RANKL gene promoters in the online MethPrimer platform. Next, bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP), as the gold standard method for exploring methylated and unmethylated cytosines, was performed in a gradient-controlled setting. The PCR products were then purified and directly sequenced. Subsequently, the chromatograms were interpreted. Results: For Wnt10b, β-catenin, and OPG genes, the converted DNA could be successfully amplified. The frequency of acceptable chromatograms for analysis was 195 for Wnt10b (195/300, 0.65%), 198 for β-catenin (198/300, 0.66%), and 50 for OPG (50/50, 100%). Conclusion: BSP can be efficiently used to investigate the methylation of target gene promoters in umbilical cord blood DNA.
Simultaneous effect of miR-21 suppression and miR-143 restoration on inhibition of proliferation and migration in SW-480 colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Tohidast Maryam , Amini Mohammad , Doustvandi Mohammad Amin , Hosseini Seyed Samad , Bilan Farzaneh , Mozammel Nazila , Sameti Pouryia , Mokhtarzadeh Amir Ali , Baradaran Behzad
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is regarded as a serious global issue and is presently ranked second in the classification of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, with fast incidence and high mortality patterns. As the key "gene expression regulators", miRNAs critically contribute to tumor progression and development. For example, miR-21 (an oncomiR) and miR-143 (a tumor suppressor) are dysregulated through colorectal tumorigenesis. Accordingly, this study assesses the concomitant therapeutic impacts of "miR-21 suppression" (anti-miR-21) and "miR-143 restoration" (miR-143) on CRC cell proliferation and migration. Methods: SW-480 cell lines (with overexpressed "miR-21" and downregulated "miR-143") were transfected via "anti-miR-21" and "miR-143" mimics, either independently or in combination. Next, cell viability assessment was performed through MTT assay. Then, apoptosis induction was examined with "Annexin V-FITC Kit", and via Propidium Iodide (PI) assay and DAPI staining. In the next step, "cell cycle condition" and "autophagy induction" were studied through flow cytometry. "Wound-healing assay" and "clonogenic assay" were employed to investigate the migration and proliferation of tumor cells. Ultimately, qRT-PCR was utilized to quantify the intensity of the effects of "anti-miR-21" and "miR-143" on gene expression profiles. Results: Downregulation of "miR-21" expression and overexpression of "miR-143" were found to synergistically reduce the viability (while elevating apoptosis) of SW-480 cells by modulating Bcl-2 and Bax expression profiles. Combined therapy increased the number of cells in the sub-G1 phase and reduced cell proliferation by modulating expression levels of PTEN and AKT-1. Additionally, miR-21 suppression and miR-143 restoration concomitantly reduced cell migration by modulating the expression of MMP-9. Conclusion: Considering anti-cancer effects on cell growth, survival, and migration, it can be concluded that the concomitant suppression of "anti-miR-21" and "miR-143 restoration" might be introduced as a promising method for the therapy of CRC.
Impact of Knowledge Transfer on Empowerment among Personnel of Teaching Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Taheri Roohangiz , Salmani Mansoure , Moosavi Saeideh , Kalhor Rohollah
Published: June 2024

Background. The value of services in healthcare institutions such as hospitals is created by leveraging the knowledge, skills, and experiences of their healthcare staff. Therefore, knowledge transfer is necessary to empower the employees in the hospital. Since few studies have explored the impact of knowledge transfer on the empowerment of hospital employees, this study aimed to investigate the impact of knowledge transfer and its components on employees' empowerment in Qazvin teaching hospitals. Methods. In this descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study, 330 teaching hospital staff members of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences were investigated between February 2020 and May 2020. The required data were collected using the Knowledge Transfer Questionnaire (De-Castro, et al., 2008) and the Empowerment Questionnaire (Spreitzer, 1992). The data were analyzed using the correlation method and structural equation analysis (SEM) as well as using SPSS-22 and AMOS software. Results. There was a direct relationship between the dimensions of knowledge transfer and personnel empowerment (P<0.001), and all examined dimensions were above average. Moreover, the dimensions of knowledge transfer also had a significant impact on personnel empowerment. Regarding the fit of the model, the values of GFI, CFI, and NFI indices were obtained above 0.90. In addition, the RMSEA index was 0.074, which indicated the good fit of the model. Conclusion. In summary, the staff's empowerment level was enhanced through the knowledge transfer. Therefore, it was recommended that the hospital managers should improve the level of workers' empowerment by implementing effective strategies, such as providing training courses for the employees.
Síndrome de Conn: presentación de un caso
Authors: Umaña Venegas Alice , García Quirós Christian
Published: June 2024

Se estudia el caso de una paciente femenina de 33 años, conocida hipertensa desde los              17 años, con reciente tratamiento antihipertensivo, con historia de dos gestas sin antecedente de preeclamsia, quien es remitida de la consulta de medicina familiar y comunitaria al tercer nivel de atención por hipertensión resistente a tratamiento y quien refiriendo cefalea ocasional, edema periférico matutino y palpitaciones autolimitadas, así como una hipokalemia leve e intermitente, por lo cual la paciente se encontraba en tratamiento con 4 medicamentos antihipertensivos. Debido al alto indice de sospecha clínica de hiperaldosteronismo primario se realizó un cribado con la relación aldosterona / renina, el cual se reportó de 29.2 en reposo y 36.7 de pie, asociado a una tomografía axial computarizada de abdomen en el que se reportó una imagen nodular en la glándula suprarrenal izquierda, siendo altamente sugestiva de un adenoma productor de aldosterona. Se decide ingresar y realizar adrenalectomia izquierda, cuya biopsia reportó una masa en la glándula suprarrenal de color amarillo y aspecto heterogéneo, concordante con un adenoma cortical izquierdo productor de aldosterona.
Conductas alimentarias de riesgo y su relación con el índice de masa corporal de los adolecentes.
Authors: Alvarado Marquez Mayra Lisbeth , Castelo Rivas Walter Patricio , Segura Verdezoto Ana Elizabeth , Cuenca Zambrano Sanyi Nayeli
Published: June 2024

Las conductas alimentarias de riesgo son el resultado de los tipos de hábitos alimentarios de una persona. Estas conductas ponen en peligro las condiciones físicas, emocionales e incluso su entorno social debido a las prácticas erróneas del control del peso que, en efecto, al no ser detectadas y abordadas a tiempo, pueden manifestarse e incluso acumularse hasta el punto de convertirse en una patología alimentaria. Por tanto, por medio de esta investigación se pretende analizar las conductas alimentarias de riesgo y su relación con el índice de masa corporal de los adolescentes, debido a que, por los cambios que experimentan en esta etapa de la vida, son más vulnerables a la insatisfacción de su imagen corporal, por lo que representa un motivo de preocupación al momento de establecer relaciones interpersonales con la sociedad, por el deseo de conseguir o mantener un cuerpo delgado.
Uso del implante anticonceptivo subdérmico en adolescentes: revisión bibliográfica.
Authors: Ureña Fernández Ashley Melania
Published: June 2024

Mundialmente se ha establecido el embarazo no deseado en la adolescencia como un problema de salud pública, situación que no es ajena a la población costarricense. Diferentes métodos anticonceptivos han sido implementados con el objetivo de disminuir esta incidencia. El objetivo principal del presente artículo radica en la realización de un análisis sistemático de información basado en evidencia científica, para determinar elementos de importancia relacionados con el uso del implante subdérmico como método anticonceptivo dirigido a la población adolescente sexualmente activa. La literatura utilizada consiste en artículos científicos extraídos de bases de datos confiables, libros de texto, circulares institucionales y registros sanitarios de Costa Rica.  
El análisis efectuado permite situar el implante anticonceptivo subdérmico como método de elección de primera línea para la planificación familiar en adolescentes, tal y como lo respaldan el Colegio Americano de Ginecología y Obstetricia y la Academia Americana de Pediatría. La responsabilidad ineludible que le corresponde al médico de conocer la información existente sobre este método anticonceptivo y trasladarla de manera adecuada a la población adolescente sexualmente activa, puede determinar la elección de los implantes subdérmicos sobre otras alternativas terapéuticas y la adherencia durante todo el periodo recomendado. La posibilidad de aumentar el periodo de uso a más de tres años podría no solamente disminuir las molestias asociadas con la colocación y retiro del dispositivo, sino que además implicaría una posible disminución en términos de inversión económica para las instituciones de salud pública, lo que fundamenta la realización de estudios clínicos para determinar la viabilidad.
Hemorragia subretiniana por rotura de Macroaneurisma arterial retinal: reporte de caso
Authors: Aray Coellar Irma , Cervantes Anaya Luis Alberto , Ortega Zapata Bryam Mateo , Muñoz Jiménez Tamara Nicole , Ginarte Durán Yadira
Published: June 2024

El macroaneurisma arterial retiniano es una afección poco frecuente en la población y suele observarse en ancianos con diversas comorbilidades metabólicas como diabetes mellitus tipo II e hipertensión arterial, que predisponen a la esclerosis de los vasos retinianos. Puede conducir a la pérdida de visión por edema macular o hemorragia. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 87 años que acudió a consulta oftalmológica por pérdida de visión. La exploración física reveló opacificación del cristalino y astigmatismo miópico simple en ambos ojos, además, las pruebas complementarias mostraron adelgazamiento corneal, exudados bilaterales y hemorragia subretiniana en el ojo derecho. El diagnóstico fue de una retinopatía diabética proliferativa en conjunto con macroaneurisma arterial retiniano y catarata en el ojo derecho. Como tratamiento se decidió administrar anti-factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (Bevacizumab) durante cinco meses para evitar la deformación macular y después se realizó una cirugía láser de retina en el ojo derecho.
Efectividad de la terapia de tracción mecánica en la reducción del dolor lumbar en pacientes con hernia de disco: una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis.
Authors: Hernández Vio Juan José
Published: June 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto clínico de la tracción mecánica lumbar sobre el dolor y la funcionalidad en pacientes con hernia discal. La metodología consistió en una revisión de la literatura relacionada con las bases de datos PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, SciELO y PEDro. Se incluyeron ensayos controlados aleatorizados que compararon la terapia de tracción lumbar contra la terapia convencional en personas con hernias discales. Para la prueba de heterogeneidad, se utilizó la prueba de Chi2 y se utilizó un modelo de efectos aleatorios. Si no había heterogeneidad, se utilizó el modelo de efectos fijos y se utilizaron gráficos en embudo para probar el sesgo de publicación. Se obtuvieron resultados que, en la escala analógica visual del grupo de tracción mecánica, fue menor que en el grupo de fisioterapia convencional (DM = -0.61 (IC del 95 % (-1.96, -0.25)), Z = -3.32 y P < 0.001). Hubo heterogeneidad moderada entre los estudios (Chi2 = 3.47, P < 0.001 e I2 = 71%) y no hubo sesgo de publicación. El índice de discapacidad de Oswestry también fue menor en el grupo de tracción mecánica (DM = -0.57 (IC del 95 % (-0.92, -0.22)), Z = -3.18 y P = 0.001). Hubo heterogeneidad moderada entre los estudios (Chi2 = 3.15, P = 0.003 e I2 = 68%) y no hubo sesgo de publicación. Se concluyó que la tracción mecánica puede reducir el dolor lumbar y mejorar la funcionalidad en pacientes con hernia discal a corto y mediano plazo.
Artrodesis abierta de tobillo: recuperación de pacientes y posibles complicaciones poscirugía
Authors: Rojas Mejía Jafeth
Published: June 2024

La artrodesis abierta de tobillo es el abordaje quirúrgico más adecuado para pacientes que padecen osteoartritis sintomática de tobillo o han sufrido trauma tibiotalar que cursa con dolor, impactando negativamente la calidad de vida y que no logran una adecuada recuperación mediante tratamientos conservadores.
La bibliografía sobre esta técnica es escasa, por lo que sería de gran importancia disponer de información actualizada sobre posibles complicaciones poscirugía que podrían experimentar pacientes intervenidos mediante artrodesis abierta de tobillo, así como su potencial recuperación. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente estudio es explorar aspectos relevantes en torno a la realización de este abordaje, la recuperación de los pacientes y las posibles complicaciones poscirugía.
Se revisaron artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años tanto en español como en inglés, utilizando las palabras claves artrodesis abierta tobillo, recuperación de pacientes, complicaciones poscirugía y las equivalentes en inglés open ankle arthrodesis, patient recovery, post surgery complications, empleando las bases de datos SciELO, EBSCO, BINASS y los buscadores Google académico y PubMed.
La búsqueda se enfocó en artrodesis abierta de tobillo, su recuperación poscirugía y las posibles complicaciones, excluyendo artículos con más de 10 años de publicación, artículos relacionados a artrodesis del medio pie o antepié, así como aquellos estudios sobre artrodesis de bordaje artroscópico.
La información recopilada proporcionará una base sólida para ofrecer un tratamiento informado y actualizado, contribuyendo a mejorar la calidad de la atención y a brindar un respaldo firme para la toma de decisiones clínicas relacionadas con este procedimiento.
Actualización del tema: abordaje de la migraña en atención primaria
Authors: Quirós Pérez Jackeline , Herdoiza Morales Cristian Andres , Segnini Miranda Jorge Andres
Published: June 2024

La migraña es una patología de carácter neurológico frecuente, donde interaccionan diferentes estructuras anatómicas con múltiples mecanismos fisiopatológicos que involucran la activación de la vía trigémino-vascular y que conllevan la aparición de 5 fases.  Conocerlas resulta de gran importancia, ya que con ello se pueden explorar opciones terapéuticas. Existen ciertos criterios diagnósticos en el momento de evaluar al paciente con migraña, los cuales permiten un adecuado diagnóstico y posteriormente abordaje.
Las estrategias para el manejo óptimo de la migraña abarcan medidas no farmacológicas y farmacológicas. El tratamiento farmacológico agudo debe iniciarse de forma temprana, siguiendo una pauta personalizada y escalada en el manejo del dolor.  El tratamiento preventivo representa un reto para los facultativos, dado que se suelen utilizar fármacos que originalmente se crearon con otro enfoque terapéutico, entre ellos se pueden encontrar antihipertensivos como los beta bloqueadores, antidepresivos tricíclicos y antiepilépticos. Recientemente, han florecido nuevas terapias innovadoras en el manejo de la migraña, como los anticuerpos monoclonales dirigidos hacia CGRP. Medicamentos como erenumab, fremanezmab, galcanezumab y eptinezumab han surgido como opciones en la prevención de episodios migrañosos específicamente en esta vía bioquímica.
Seguimiento al sistema de admisión escolar en Chile: ¿cómo ha funcionado el aseguramiento de la inclusión?
Authors: Padilla Fuentes Geraldo , Suazo Ruíz Claudia , Rodríguez Garcés Carlos
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar las características y variaciones que ha experimentado el Sistema de Admisión Escolar (SAE) durante sus años de implementación 2018 a 2021. A través de técnicas de análisis cuantitativo, se revisó el perfil de las postulaciones educativas de las familias en la plataforma web del SAE, especialmente las primeras preferencias, la relación entre colegios, vacantes y postulaciones, la efectividad general del SAE y la movilidad de estudiantes entre colegios. Los resultados muestran que las elecciones parentales educativas se orientan hacia colegios particulares subvencionados con baja presencia de estudiantes prioritarios o vulnerables, pero con altos niveles de rendimiento académico; por su parte, los colegios municipales han experimentado un sostenido descenso en su número de postulaciones. Las conclusiones resaltan la importancia del SAE para la inclusión social y económica de los y las estudiantes en el sistema escolar y algunas preocupaciones sobre el descenso en la elección de colegios públicos.
Victimización entre estudiantes de liceos públicos del sur de Chile
Authors: Sánchez Oñate Alejandro Antonio , Zúñiga Tapia Jazmín Cecilia
Published: June 2024

El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar el grado y las modalidades de victimización entre estudiantes durante el primer semestre después del levantamiento de las restricciones debido a la pandemia por Covid-19 en liceos públicos de la Región del Biobío, Chile. Se implementó un enfoque mixto concurrente con un grupo de 723 estudiantes que completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y respondieron a la Escala de Victimización entre Pares. Además, se organizaron 4 grupos focales con un total de 32 estudiantes de cuatro liceos rurales. Los resultados revelaron que hubo tasas más altas de victimización verbal y física, y se identificaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función de la ubicación geográfica (urbana o rural) y el sexo de los participantes en victimización sexual. Este estudio representa uno de los primeros intentos de proporcionar evidencias acerca de la problemática de la victimización entre pares en el nivel de educación secundaria, especialmente en instituciones públicas, en el periodo posterior al confinamiento. Se proporcionan resultados valiosos para enfocar adecuadamente los programas y protocolos de acción relacionados con la convivencia escolar, prestando especial atención a las formas de violencia más frecuentes y a los factores individuales, familiares, curriculares y contextuales que pueden influir en estos entornos.
Representaciones de la gordura y la delgadez en la prensa rosarina a principios del siglo XX
Authors: Pulido Aldana
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las representaciones y los sentidos construidos en torno a la gordura y la delgadez en la prensa masiva de la ciudad de Rosario en las décadas de 1920 y 1930 en relación a tres ejes: la moda y la estética, el deporte y el cuerpo saludable y, por último, la patologización y la medicalización. De este modo el propósito es realizar aportes desde la Historia y los Estudios de género a los contenidos de la Educación Sexual Integral y la reflexión que proponen las pedagogías gordas en relación a ella.
Comparación de figuras técnicas para la inclusión educativa de niños y niñas con discapacidad
Authors: Córdoba Julia , Bagnato María José , Villar Eugenia
Published: June 2024

Se realiza este estudio de carácter cualitativo cuyo objetivo es poder comparar el aporte de tres figuras técnicas, Asistente Personal, Acompañante Terapéutico y Acompañante Pedagógico, en el marco de estrategias de Educación Inclusiva de dos niños con discapacidad.
Su relevancia radica en tanto sucede en el marco del Programa de Asistentes Personales del Sistema Nacional de Cuidados de Uruguay y de un vasto marco normativo que regula y garantiza la Educación de todas las personas.
Se propone organizar el análisis del relato sobre las trayectorias educativas a través de los Factores Contextuales de la Clasificación internacional del funcionamiento, de la discapacidad y de la salud (OMS, 2001).
El estudio pone en evidencia que i) existen barreras y facilitadores presentes a nivel personal, familiar, institucional y estatal al momento de garantizar el acceso a la educación de niños/as con discapacidad, ii) estas situaciones pueden tener aspectos generalizables pero deben respetarse las singularidades, iii) existen confusiones entre estas figuras que surgen como primer efecto de la implementación de políticas y servicios para la promoción de la autonomía de niños/as con discapacidad y iv) la CIF es una buena herramienta para determinar prioridades de intervención.
Miradas de referentes de instituciones educativas sobre la educación en pandemia
Authors: Aimetta Corina , Cardozo Mariela Rosana
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo forma parte de un proyecto de investigación más amplio que tuvo como objetivo identificar diversas problemáticas (sociales, alimentarias, educativas, psicológicas) suscitadas a raíz del Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio (ASPO) y que afectaron el bienestar infantil en los distritos de La Plata, Berisso y Ensenada, provincia de Buenos Aires. En este artículo nos enfocamos puntualmente en recuperar las voces de los/las trabajadores del área educativa, que se desempeñaban en distintos cargos (docentes y directivas), niveles (inicial, primaria y secundaria) y ámbitos (estatal y privado) durante el ASPO. Para esto, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semi estructuradas que versaron sobre: la incidencia del aislamiento en el trabajo de docentes y directivas; la comunicación entre instituciones educativas y familias; la realización de las tareas escolares; las devoluciones de los/as docentes y los modos de evaluación. Todo ello con la intención de relevar tanto las acciones implementadas desde las instituciones educativas para sostener la continuidad pedagógica como las reflexiones de los/las referentes del área en relación con esto, y con el fin último de aportar a repensar políticas y estrategias en la pospandemia.