bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Online Tree-Based Approach for Mining Non-Stationary High-Speed Data Streams
Authors: Ortiz Díaz Agustín Alejandro , Frías Blanco Isvani Inocencio , Palomino Mariño Laura María , Baldo Fabiano
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a new learning algorithm for inducing decision trees from data streams. In these domains, large amounts of data are constantly arriving over time, possibly at high speed. The proposed algorithm uses a top-down induction method for building trees, splitting leaf nodes recursively, until none of them can be expanded. The new algorithm combines two split methods in the tree induction. The first method is able to guarantee, with statistical significance, that each split chosen would be the same as that chosen using infinite examples. By doing so, it aims at ensuring that the tree induced online is close to the optimal model. However, this split method often needs too many examples to make a decision about the best split, which delays the accuracy improvement of the online predictive learning model. Therefore, the second method is used to split nodes more quickly, speeding up the tree growth. The second split method is based on the observation that larger trees are able to store more information about the training examples and to represent more complex concepts. The first split method is also used to correct splits previously suggested by the second one, when it has sufficient evidence. Finally, an additional procedure rebuilds the tree model according to the suggestions made with an adequate level of statistical significance. The proposed algorithm is empirically compared with several well-known induction algorithms for learning decision trees from data streams. In the tests it is possible to observe that the proposed algorithm is more competitive in terms of accuracy and model size using various synthetic and real world datasets.
LA NECESIDAD DE UN CAMBIO DE DOCTRINA DE CONFLICTO CONVENCIONAL A UNA DE TIEMPOS DE PAZ: LOS CASOS DE CHILE Y ECUADOR
Authors: Cabrera Lester Martin
Published: January 2020

Defense notions in South America have traditionally been linked to the protection of border areas as a means of guaranteeing territorial integrity. However, States have established the boundaries of their borders by peaceful means, so the Armed Forces must necessarily reform both their doctrine and their own capabilities. That is why, taking as cases of study the realities of Chile and Ecuador, it is possible to determine which are the main points on which the armed bodies have been adapted, the changes of doctrine, such as the problems that are generated, both at institutional and social level, with these changes. It is concluded that although there are resistance and problems in the implementation of changes, also its visualize in the countries the acceptance of a regional context that implies changes in the Armed Forces, especially for peacetime.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON IRAN'S SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN TWO KHATAMI’S AND AHMADINEJAD’S ADMINISTRATIONS
Authors: Sayfouri Farzaneh , Masoud Shahram Nia Seyyed Amir , Hatami Abbas , Javad Emamjomeh Zadeh Seyyed
Published: January 2020

Globalization and social development, as two independent and interactional discourses in this paper, have been investigated using the globalization indicators in two Khatami’s and Ahmadinejad’s administrations. Thus, the independent variable of globalization, and the dependent variable of the state of social development of Iran are compared in the two periods of 1997-2005 and 2005-2013 with the different approaches adopted in the two administrations. The research method is comparative. The research hypothesis is that based on valid statistics, both administrations have been on the path to social development, but Khatami's approach was based on global reformism, and Ahmadinejad's approach was based on indigenous and local thoughts. In terms of theoretical foundations, we have used the generalization model of political-social development. According to this model, development priorities are different in countries with different political and social contexts. Social globalization grew as much as 8.86 in the Khatami’s administration, and up to 4.89 in Ahmadinejad's administration. Therefore, the administration type is related to the extent of globalization, and globalization has contributed to the growth and development of social development. It also has provided a platform for the continuation of studies of this trend in a different way, with regard to the states and the internal environment of the countries.
EURASIA ENTRE EL ESPÍRITU DE SHANGHÁI Y UNA COMUNIDAD DE FUTURO COMPARTIDO
Authors: Concepción Sunamis Fabelo
Published: January 2020

The article is based on the analysis of the integrationist trends that have evolved in Central Asia between 1991 and 2015. It deals with how the historical reality of the Central Asian republics conditioned them to search for centers of reference to guide the construction of their political and economic systems. This situation caused these countries, since their independence, to begin to interact with important international relations players, with whom they built a series of interdependent relations that were tracing two integrationist conceptions that became trends: Western and Eurasian. The latter one is the one that has most advanced in the period studied, promoted by Russia and China with the implementation of important mechanisms of association, cooperation and consensus, among which the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Eurasian Economic Union and the New Silk Road project. In this sense, the Chinese megaproject One Belt One Road is supported by a series of conceptual bases as a result of the progress and evolution of the Eurasian trend understood in its broader meaning.
WINDS OF CHANGE AND THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN DEFENCE
Authors: Leandro Francisco José
Published: January 2020

This paper poses questions about EU soft power, why it is insufficient and how that can be changed. This is done in an attempt to shed light on the current status of the European Union defence sector. The paper specifically addresses political, strategic, structural and organizational challenges. It further proposes development paths for the enhancement of common defence capacities, vis-a-vis the current stage of major threats and the parity of strategic contenders such as the USA, the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation. Finally, this paper identifies concrete policy recommendations for a sustainable long-term defence cooperation-integration process, compatible with the exercise of the EU’s 27 national sovereignties. The research methods are undergirded by qualitative research and supported by semi-structured interviews. Seminar discussions and key points were also incorporated into the final version.
THE BIRTH OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AS A SOCIAL SCIENCE: A COMPARED ANALYSIS OF THE ANGLO AMERICAN WORLD AND CONTINENTAL EUROPE
Authors: Mendes Pedro Emanuel
Published: January 2020

This article provides a contextualization of the invention of International Relations (IR) in the Anglo-American world and Continental Europe. It presents a historiographic synthesis of the main institutional and scientific landmarks of the American, English, Nordic, French and German cases. It begins by presenting the main contexts and political-academic frameworks of the birth and formation of the discipline, with an emphasis on the USA. Secondly, it addresses the European developments of the IR discipline, highlighting the English and Nordic schools. Finally, it presents a brief contextualization of the rediscovery and affirmation of IR in Continental Europe, identifying the main institutional and scientific milestones of the French and German schools.
DO ACORDO GERAL DE PAZ (1992) ÀS ELEIÇÕES GERAIS EM 1994: O PROCESSO DE PAZ CONDUZIDO EM MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Rodrigues Anselmo De Oliveira , Migon Eduardo Xavier Ferreira Glaser
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this article is to understand the peace process in Mozambique, as well as to identify the main events that occurred in the world, which were reflected in the respective peace process. Therefore, this article is structured this way: initially, the theme is set out, highlighting some relevant geographical and historical characteristics of Mozambique. In the second section the methodology is defined, in the same way that the limits of this investigation are informed. The third section revisits the process of historical evolution that took place in Mozambique between century 8th and the years of 1992, and discussing it in five subperiods. The fourth section analyzes the participation of the UN in Mozambique between 1992 and 1994. And in the last section, the main facts of the international system are verified that positively and negatively reflected in the peace process conducted in Mozambique.
MANUFACTURERS AND SECURITY PROVIDERS: A CONCEPTUAL ESSAY
Authors: Petre Silviu , Ciuperca Ella
Published: January 2020

This article aims to contribute to the theoretical clarification of certain widely used terms in scholarly literature as well as in public statements made by policymakers, pundits, media people but insufficiently exaplained, namely security producers and security consumers. Although frequently present, neither political science nor international relations literature have grappled with them, therefore rendering scholars incapable to grasp the complexity of inter-state position.
Impact of ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management on stock market liquidity
Authors: Hunjra Ahmed Imran , Perveen Uzma , Li Leon , Chani Muhammad Irfan , Mehmood Rashid
Published: January 2020

Ownership structure plays a vital role in stock market liquidity. We analyze the impact of ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management on stock market liquidity. We select 114 firms from manufacturing sector of Pakistan, India, Australia and Singapore. We extract data from DataStream from 2010 to 2018 of selected countries. We apply Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to analyze the data. We find that ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management significantly affect the stock market liquidity.
The Analysis of the 2008 US Financial Crisis: An Intervention Approach
Authors: Makatjane Katleho Daniel , Molefe Edward Kagiso , Van Wyk Roscoe Bertrum
Published: January 2020

The current study investigates the impact of the 2008 US financial crises on the real exchange rate in South Africa. The data used in this empirical analysis is for the period from January 2000 to June 2017. The Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) intervention charter was used to carry out the analysis. Results revealed that the financial crises period in South Africa occurred in March 2008 and significantly affected the exchange rate. Hence, the impact pattern was abrupt. Using the SARIMA model as a benchmark, four error metrics; to be precise mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean error (ME) and Mean percentage error (MPE) was used to assess the performance of the intervention model and SARIMA model. The results of the SARIMA intervention model produced better forecasts as compared to that one of SARIMA model.
South African Economic Development in SADC Sub-Regional Integration
Authors: Enaifoghe Andrew O. , Adetiba Toyin C.
Published: January 2020

Following the end of colonialism in the Southern African sub-region, the SADC has experienced a thorough rearrangement with South Africa as the front-runner as opposed to her pre-1994 stance on integration. African regional cooperation has nevertheless been revitalised in some ways as a result of the two major events which started in the beginning of the 1990s that include the abolition of the apartheid regime in South Africa, and the eventual stabilisation of both political and economic relationships in the Southern Africa sub-region. This study employs the use of content analyses to assess the position of South Africa investments in SADC. Through the use ofregional integration, the studyfurther examined various South Africaâ€™s Key Economy Performance since 1994 which are the main contributing factors to South African economic growth; furthermore it looks at her material, commodity and political investment in the subregional integration process to determine if it serves as the strategy for National Economic Development for South Africa.The paper find out thatregardless of South Africaâ€™s economic clout within the SADC region, its Foreign Direct Investment is predominantly from its investment and market penetration of Southern Africa region while maintaining constant economic growth.
Dynamic Capabilities as Determinants of Supply Chain Performance in Small to Medium Enterprises in Gauteng Province
Authors: Lavhelani Phathutshedzo David , Omoruyi Osayuwamen , Chinomona Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

The objective of the study is to investigate dynamic capabilities, service quality and relationship longevity as determinates of supply chain performance in small to medium enterprises in Gauteng province by focusing on small and medium enterprises in the Vaal region. The study will contribute to the body of knowledge by addressing dynamic capabilities as determinates of supply chain performance in small to medium enterprises. The study employs a quantitative method of data collection. Permission was sought from SME owners. Once permission was granted, the questionnaires were sent out to SME owners. A total 425 participates were chosen to participate in this study. The researcher used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 24.0) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS 24.0) to analyse the data. Sample data from SME owners/managersof Vaal region was collected for the final data analysis of this project. The sample data were analysed by performing a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The principal finding of this study reveals that dynamic capabilities, relationship longevity and service quality have an impact on supply chain performance. The conclusions and implications of the research findings are provided and recommendations are suggested.
Evaluation of the Components of Psychological Capital and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Nigerian Graduate Employees
Authors: Aderibigbe John K , Mjoli Themba Q
Published: January 2020

In consideration of implications of organizational citizenship behavior, it is quite necessary for scholars and human resource management practitioners, to urgently investigate the correlates of psychological capital dimensions and the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. The purpose of the study was twofold. Firstly, to examines the relationship between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior. Secondly, to investigate the relationships between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior and psychological capital. The study is important, because its outcomes would help the corporate world, governments and human resource managers to avert the problem of underperformance among employees by improving psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior. The study adopted the positivist explanatory cross-sectional (survey) research design to systematically sample opinions of 1,532 male and female graduate employees across the various sectors of the Nigerian economy, using a structured and validated questionnaire, and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of the statistical analysis of data showed that there was a significant positive relationship between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior, r = 0.588, p<0.01. The results also showed that altruism, conscientiousness and civic virtue dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior are significantly positively interrelated to hope, optimism, resilience and self-efficacy dimensions of psychological capital. The study suggested that human resource managers should develop psychological capital in employees in order to increase the level of organizational performance. Recommendations of the study could assist in training and developing effective manpower capacity towards improving the economy of the nation.
On the Unemployment Output Relation in South Africa: A Non-Linear ARDL Approach
Authors: Mazorodze Brian Tavonga , Siddiq Noureen
Published: January 2020

The central aim of this paper is to establish the asymmetric effects of cyclical output on South Africa's unemployment rate. To achieve this objective, the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model (NARDL) is applied on quarterly data spanning the periods 1994Q1-2017Q4. For every 10% economic contraction and expansion respectively according to the results, the response of the labour market is asymmetric in the long-run in that it loses more workers during contraction (10.3%) than it employs during recoveries (8%) supporting the labour market hysteresis. This is particularly true post the 2009 Global crisis suggesting that firms might have become more risk-averse to short-lived recoveries in recent years. The weak response of the labour market during expansions supports IMFâ€™s recent proposition that economic recovery alone may not be enough to address South Africa's unemployment problem.
Investigating the Cost Management Practices of Indigenous Firms in the Ghanaian Construction Industry
Authors: Annor-Asubonteng Joseph , Tengan Callistus , Asigri Tom Mboya , D. K Napoleon Kuebutornye
Published: January 2020

Cost management is key to project implementation and an important tool for maximizing profit nonetheless it has been a major challenge for most indigenous construction firms in Ghana. The study seeks to investigate the important factors influencing cost management practices among indigenous construction firms in Ghana and to ascertain whether there is a significant difference between the responses of the categories of the firm (construction and consultancy firms) in Ghana. A total of 82 questionnaires were retrieved from 100 administered questionnaires to professionals with indigenous construction firms representing 82% response rate. Data gathered were analyzed descriptively using Mean Item Score (MIS) via SPSS version 24 to identify the most important factors. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlettâ€™s test of sphericity conducted showed a KMO score of 0.894. Bartlettâ€™s test of sphericity also revealed a significance level of 0.000 (pË‚0.05). The ANOVA suggest that there is no significant difference between the responses between the categories of firms. Indigenous firms are encouraged therefore to consider managing disagreement between project team members by ensuring constant project implementation meetings and to understand ground conditions of projects by visiting proposed sites prior to estimation and tendering. Finally, communication and expenditure control measures should be enhanced and introduced respectively. The implication of this study while contributing to the discourse on cost management practices of indigenous constructions firms in Ghana, also outlines the major (highly ranked) factors influencing indigenous firms in the management of project cost, before, during and after project implementation.
End-User Adoption of Bitcoin in South Africa
Authors: Jankeeparsad Raphael Warren , Tewari Dev
Published: January 2020

Since its introduction in 2008, the value and popularity of Bitcoin have risen exponentially.  Despite being 10 years old, the concept of crypto currency is fairly new in South Africa. The increase in the value of Bitcoin, together with extensive media coverage, has led to the creation of a Bitcoin economic system with many South Africans jumping on the Bitcoin bandwagon. This study aims to identify the determinants affecting end-user adoption of Bitcoin in South Africa and to determine the main use of the crypto currency by South Africans. A research model was developed utilising constructs from the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behaviour. The model was then tested empirically by utilising two survey-based questionnaires, one for current users of Bitcoin and one for non-users. For users, perceived usefulness and access to facilitating conditions were the primary determinants influencing their decision to adopt the crypto currency while lack of trust and social influences were the primary reasons non-users chose not to adopt Bitcoin.
A Hierarchical Multiple Regression Approach on Determining the Effect of Psychological Capital on Entrepreneurial Intention amongst Prospective University Graduates in South Africa
Authors: Hlatywayo Clifford Kendrick , Marange Chioneso Show , Chinyamurindi Willie Tafadzwa
Published: January 2020

The goal of the study is to identify the contribution of psychological capital in the prediction of entrepreneurial intention using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as a theoretical lens. South Africa needs young entrepreneurs, not job seekers. However, in order to adapt, graduates must rely on psychological resources to succeed in their entrepreneurial ventures and pursuits. Using the TPB and Psychological capital (Psycap), the researchers explored the influence of planned behaviour and Pyscap on entrepreneurial intention of 270 final year students in the Management and Commerce faculty at a selected university in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data as the researchers opted for a survey design. Results of hierarchical multiple regression modelling showed that entrepreneurial intentions is positively influenced by perceived behavioural control (Î²1 = 0.367; p = <0.0001) attitudes towards becoming an entrepreneur (Î²2 = 0.316; p = <0.0001) and resilience (Î²3 = 0.130; p = 0.009). The resultant model revealed that resilience (Î”R2 = 0.016; R2 = 0.392; df = 266; p = 0.009) was the only significant psychological capital construct that added unique variance in predicting entrepreneurial intention above and beyond, which is predicted by the theory of planned behavior variables among the prospective graduates. Findings of the study are helpful to policy makers as they try to optimise strategies for entrepreneurial success in the South African context and the developing world.
Mechanisms for Changing the Structure of Mpumalanga Economy through Industrialization
Authors: Nkonyane Nkosinathi Senzo , Mashau Pfano
Published: January 2020

Industrialization is still viewed by many countries as a tool for achieving economic growth and development (Sampath, 2016). Almost all countries that have attained growth have followed an industrialization trajectory (Xu & van Leeuwen, 2016; Szirmai, 2012). Britainâ€” with the introduction of the industrial revolutionâ€” and other countries that followed suit experienced unprecedented economic growth. This research explored the structure of Mpumalanga, a South African provincial economy, which was found to be inhibiting growth. Its aim was to suggest mechanisms for industrializing the province in order to attain growth and economic development. The methodology employed in this study involved interviews with members of the Mpumalanga Industry Sector Forum, representatives from big industry, business chambers, all three spheres of government, including State Owned Entities and Development Funding Institutions (FDIs). A total of 20 respondents were selected for the study. The method used was convenient for obtaining first-hand information on the state of industrialization in the province and for soliciting a new set of ideas, resulting in the recommendations of this study. The study discovered a number of factors that inhibited industrialization, including the unavailability of industrial infrastructure, the cost and difficulty of doing business and lack of skills and support for SMMEs. The study proposes the use of an Industrial Centres of Competence model that concentrates on certain industrial sectors with a suite of support services for industry, incubation and supplier development centres for small businesses, research and development, as well as innovation centres for industry.
The Effect of Sample Size on the Efficiency of Count Data Models: Application to Marriage Data
Authors: Montshiwa Volition Tlhalitshi , Moroke Ntebogang Dinah
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Sample size requirements are common in many multivariate analysis techniques as one of the measures taken to ensure the robustness of such techniques, such requirements have not been of interest in the area of count data models. As such, this study investigated the effect of sample size on the efficiency of six commonly used count data models namely: Poisson regression model (PRM), Negative binomial regression model (NBRM), Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), Zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB), Poisson Hurdle model (PHM) and Negative binomial hurdle model (NBHM). The data used in this study were sourced from Data First and were collected by Statistics South Africa through the Marriage and Divorce database. PRM, NBRM, ZIP, ZINB, PHM and NBHM were applied to ten randomly selected samples ranging from 4392 to 43916 and differing by 10% in size. The six models were compared using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), Vuongâ€™s test for over-dispersion, McFadden RSQ, Mean Square Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD).The results revealed that generally, the Negative Binomial-based models outperformed Poisson-based models. However, the results did not reveal the effect of sample size variations on the efficiency of the models since there was no consistency in the change in AIC, BIC, Vuongâ€™s test for over-dispersion, McFadden RSQ, MSE and MAD as the sample size increased.
A Review of the Macroeconomic Policy Frameworks adopted by the BRICS countries (2000-2015)
Authors: Mbangata Themba , Kanayo Ogujiuba
Published: January 2020

Recent development in the practice of macroeconomic policy has increased the importance of monetary and fiscal policy. Monetary policy within BRICS countries has shifted towards the setting of interest rates as the key monetary instrument, along with the adoption of inflation targets as key monetary policy objectives. It is well accepted that there is no one set of macroeconomic policies that guarantees sustained growth and development in the economy. However, the BRICS countries have been following a similar trend with regard to the exchange rate policy. This is shown by the fact that the BRICS countries have moved away from using a pegged exchange rate regime towards a managed floating exchange rate regime which is in contrast with the recommendations of the Washington Consensus. On the fiscal side, the BRICS countries agreed to spend only what is necessary in order to avoid the ballooning local government debt. Summarily, the BRICS countries have performed well economically and socially although there are still some room for improvement. However, there are still other BRICS members who have government debt that are well above half of their Gross Domestic Product. Alignment of policy regimes would strengthen the macroeconomic base of the BRICS. It is recommended that all BRICS members need prioritise inclusive governance that would checkmate social ills such as poverty, inequality and unemployment, while promoting social inclusion.
Efficiency of Foreign Exchange Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Presence of Structural Break: A Linear and Non-Linear Testing Approach
Authors: Olufemi Adeyeye Patrick , Adewale Aluko Olufemi , Oseko Migiro Stephen
Published: January 2020

This study examines the efficiency of foreign exchange (forex) market of 10 selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa in the presence of structural break. It uses data on the average official exchange rate of currencies of the selected countries to the US dollar from November 1995 to October 2015. This study employs Perron unit root test with structural break to endogenously determine the break period in the forex markets. It also employs the Kim wild bootstrap variance ratio test and BDS independence test to detect linear and nonlinear dependence in forex market returns respectively. In the full sample period, the Kim wild bootstrap joint variance ratio test shows that only two forex markets are efficient while the BDS independence test reports that all the forex markets are not efficient. The subsample period analysis indicates that the efficiency of the majority of the forex markets is sensitive to structural break, thus providing evidence in support of the adaptive market hypothesis. This study suggests that ignoring structural break and nonlinearity of returns may lead to misleading results when testing for market efficiency.
Determinants of Access to Education and ICT in Nigeria
Authors: Oluwatayo Isaac B. , Ojo Ayodeji O.
Published: January 2020

The world where development is driven by advancement in education and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is fast emerging. This study therefore examined the determinants of access to education and ICT in Nigeria. The study used information from 4,508 households from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) General Household Survey (GHS) Data. Probit regression model and descriptive statistical tools were used to analyze relevant data. Analysis of the data showed that average household size was fairly large consisting of 7 members with majority (85.1percent) of the households headed by men. Average age of the household heads was 52 years while average years of education was 4 years. Also, 82.0percent and 61.2percent of the households in urban and rural Nigeria respectively had access to education. Therefore, inequality in access to education exists based on location. The factors influencing access to education in Nigeria were found to include age, gender, marital status and household size. The results also revealed age, years of education, marital status, gender and household size as determinants of access to ICT. Analysis of different ICT devices used in Nigeria showed that Radio (88.1percent), Mobile Phones (86.4percent) and Television (55.1percent) were the most widely used. Meanwhile, a significant difference exist in the factors influencing access to education and ICT in rural and urban Nigeria. The study therefore recommended increased investment in education and infrastructure. Government and private organizations should encourage gender equality in access to ICT through gender sensitive interventions.
FDI and FPI Determinants in Developing African Countries
Authors: Makoni Patricia Lindelwa
Published: January 2020

We examine drivers of foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign portfolio investment (FPI) in nine selected African economies, during the period 1980 to 2014, with particular interest in the role of financial market development. We set out to explore the drivers of FDI and FPI in selected African countries, respectively. We employ the dynamic GMM methodology to assess the motivators of inward foreign flows. The results show that FDI inflows are generally dependent on past inflows of FDI, low inflation, infrastructural development, and real GDP growth rate; while stock market capitalisation, commercial bank assets gauged against commercial and central bank assets as well as domestic credit to the private sector by banks intermediate for financial market development. On the other hand, we find that FPI inflows are attracted to foreign destinations due to previous FPI inflows, the real exchange rate, inflation rates and the presence of developed infrastructure. Further, developed financial markets, as proxied by stock market capitalisation, were found to significantly and positively influence inward FPI flows, while a closed financial account and low interest rate discouraged FPI. The significant contribution of this paper is that its findings empirically confirm FDI and FPI theory, as postulated in Dunningâ€™s eclectic paradigm insofar as the main â€œlocationâ€ variables that enhance host country attractiveness are concerned, specifically in the African context. In light of these findings, we recommend that policy makers strengthen their domestic markets, complemented by appropriate regulations and institutions to attract foreign investment flows, while reducing their dependency on international aid and loans.
Jobâ€™s Satisfaction among Trainers of Public Vocational Training Institutes in Greece
Authors: Bakirtzoglou Panteleimon , Ioannou Panagiotis
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the personnel, interpersonal and organizational factors in job satisfaction among trainers of public Vocational Training Institutes in the city of Thessaloniki. Sample consisted of 300 adultsâ€™ trainers with a mean age of 40.3 years. Jobâ€™s satisfaction was used as an independent variable while as dependent variables personnel(age, sex, educational level, marital status, number of children, educational level, profession and teaching experience), interpersonal (relationships with trainees, relationships with co-educators, relationship with the administration, personal development and professionalism) and organizational factors (salary, building structure and working conditions) were used. Statistical analysis included the use of correlation and regression analysis. Results showed that from the dependent variables only age (r=.342), years of working experience in Vocational Training Institutes (r=.296), relationship with the administration (r=.699) and working conditions (r=.690) had a significant relationship with adultsâ€™ trainersâ€™ job satisfaction (p<0.01). Furthermore regression analysis showed that relationship with the manager had the biggest prediction of trainersâ€™ total job satisfaction at a percentage of 48.6% (r=.699, p<0.01), working conditions can predict trainersâ€™ job satisfaction at a percentage of 47.7% (r=.690) and age and teaching experience can predict trainersâ€™ total job satisfaction at a percentage of 20% (r=.014, p<0.05). In conclusion adultsâ€™ trainersâ€™ total job satisfaction in Vocational Training Institutes in Greece, is influenced mostly by interpersonal (relationship with the administration) and organizational factors (working conditions).Keywords: Administration, working conditions, teaching experience, vocational education, adults
A fully discrete finite element scheme for the Kelvin-Voigt model
Authors: Lu Xiaoli , Zhang Lei , Huang Pengzhan
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we study convergence of a fully discrete scheme for the
two-dimensional nonstationary Kelvin-Voigt model. This scheme is based on a
finite element approximation for space discretization and the
Crank-Nicolson-type scheme for time discretization, which is a two step
method. Moreover, we obtain error estimates of velocity and pressure. At
last, the applicability and effectiveness of the present algorithm are
illustrated by numerical experiments.
Practical assessment of grinding capacity and power consumption based on Hardgrove grindability index and coal characteristics
Authors: Obradovic Marko , Radic Dejan , Todorovic Dusan , Jovovic Aleksandar , Karlicic Nikola , Stanojevic Miroslav
Published: January 2020

This paper analyzes the effects of coal grindability and its characteristics on the grinding capacity and power consumption for beater wheel mill during exploitation in thermal power plant TENT B in Obrenovac, Serbia. For this purpose, experiments were made on the mill, before and after its reconstruction. Experiments included the determination of grinding capacity, mill power consumption, and laboratory analysis of coal characteristics and Hardgrove grindability index (HGI). The analysis of experimental results found that the grinding capacity has a negative correlation with the ash content in coal. Moisture content in analysis sample of coal has a positive correlation with the consumption of electricity and grinding capacity. Between the grinding capacity and the value of HGI exists a negative correlation. Analysis of the influence of grindability of coal and coal characteristics on grinding capacity and energy consumption was carried out. Based on coal characteristics and values of HGI, mathematical expressions were derived for the calculation of grinding capacity and electric energy consumption. In addition, ability to predict specific power consumption of the mill on the basis of HGI values, were carried out. Specific power consumption obtained from HGI values showed good agreement with the experimentally determined specific power consumption of the mill.
Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover dan Return on Equity Terhadap Price Earning Ratio
Authors: Odelia Thio Kori Karunia , Wibowo Bonifatius Junianto
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted to examine the effect of Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover and Return on Equity on Price Earning Ratio at the automotive industries in Indonesia.  The samples of this research were 12 automotive industry companies which go public.  The data of  this research   was secondary data, which obtained from financial statement of 12 automotive industry companies.  Those data was collected from www.idx.co.id.  Then, The data was analysed by multiple linear regression techniques with the t test. The result shows that the Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover and Return on Equity variables have no effect on Price Earning Ratio.  It means that Price Earning Ratio is not determined by Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover and Return on Equity, but by other factors such as business costs, economic and monetary conditions.
Validación de cuestionario sobre gestión del tiempo en universitarios mexicanos
Authors: Roblero Gudiel
Published: January 2020

El uso que los estudiantes hacen del tiempo impacta en su desarrollo académico. La medición de la gestión del tiempo (GT) es un indicador que puede determinar varias áreas de la vida estudiantil. Se han diseñado instrumentos para medir el constructo señalado, sin embargo en México no se encontró validación alguna –por ello el presente estudio busca validar el cuestionario de la GT en universitarios mexicanos. Se realizó un estudio censal en el que participaron 289 estudiantes (191 hombres y 98 mujeres) de primer grado de dos universidades (una pública y una privada). Los datos se recolectaron mediante el instrumento validado en España y posteriormente en Venezuela, denominado Gestión de Tiempo en Estudiantes Universitarios (GTEU). Se usó el análisis factorial y el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales; la validación en México mostró semejanzas con las versiones española y venezolana en la agrupación de los factores y la carga factorial de cada ítem; se obtuvo una confiabilidad aceptable (α = 0.715, n = 32) y un ajuste adecuado (X² = 407.038; p = .278; gl = 391; RMSEA = .012; CFI = .969 y GFI =. 92). Se concluyó que el GTEU es un instrumento que cuenta con las características psicométricas adecuadas para universitarios mexicanos.
Effect of nano-boron spraying on the concentration of some nutrients in leaves and dry matter of two Vicia faba L. (Partim) cultivars
Authors: NOAEMA ALI HULAIL , ALHASANY ALI RAHEEM KAREEM , ALTAI DHURGAM SABEEH KAREEM , SAWICKA BARBARA HELENA
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of spraying the nano-boron on the concentration of certain nutrients, chlorophyll in the leaves and dry matter of plants of two faba bean cultivars. The field experiment was carried out in one of the agricultural fields of Al-Muthanna Governorate in Iraq (30°12'N, 45°21'E) during the seasons 2016/2017–2018/2019. The experiment was carried out in a dependent, split-plot system, in triplicate, where the first-order factors were cultivars (‘Aquadlegi’, ‘Aquadols’), and the second-order factor was boron fertilization (5, 10 mg·dm–3 and control object without boron fertilization). Foliar fertilization with boron at a concentration of 10 mg·dm–3 in-creased the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, boron and chlorophyll in faba bean leaves and dry matter content of plants, as compared to the control object. The chlorophyll content in faba bean leaves was significantly increased only after using a double concentration of nano-boron in the sprayed solution compared to the control object. The ‘Aquadols’ cultivar was characterized by higher content of dry matter, nitrogen and chlorophyll in the leaves than the ‘Aquadlegi’ cultivar. Depend-ing on results, we can recommend applying a twice supplementation of faba bean with nano-boron fertilizer at a concentration of 10 mg·dm–3 in a broad agricultural practice.
Waste from the agricultural sector in the European Union countries in the context of the bioeconomy development
Authors: KOMOR AGNIESZKA , BUJANOWICZ-HARAŚ BARBARA
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to identify and assess the spatial diversity of generating of animal and vegetal waste by entities from the agricultural sector in the EU countries along with the determination of the importance of this type of waste in total waste generated in individual countries. Statistical data used in the study were obtained from EUROSTAT. The research period was 2016, while the research area covered 25 EU countries. The data was subjected to quantitative analysis using descriptive and parametric statistics. It was found that animal and vegetal waste has the largest share in the structure of waste from the agricultural sector (accounting for 81.6% of all waste in the agricultural sector in the EU in 2016). It has been shown that generating of vegetal and animal waste in agricultural sector in the EU countries is characterized by spatial diversity. Most of this waste type was generated in Spain and the Netherlands. The dominant position of Spain resulted from significant share of this country in the EU volume of animal faeces, urine and manure generation. High position of the Netherlands was associated with a large share of vegetal waste. France, Germany, Slovakia and Sweden ranked next. Nearly 80% of all analyzed groups of waste came from these countries, which indicates a high degree of spatial concentration of the studied phenomenon. In this context, it can be stated that these countries are predestined to base their development on the concept of the bioeconomy. It is a challenge for the research and development sphere regarding development of innovative ways of managing agricultural vegetal and animal waste.
Antioxidant action of phenols: Revisiting theoretical calculations of their thermodynamics
Authors: Biela Monika , Pelikánová Bernadeta , Michalík Martin
Published: January 2020

Theoretical prediction ability of M06-2X functional was tested for thermodynamics of phenol, 15 para and 15 meta phenol derivatives. Calculations were done for gas phase as well as for polar and nonpolar solvents. Although predicted values might be shifted from the experimental ones in the framework of the employed DFT functional and basis set, the calculated and experimental data sets correlate well together. Very good linearity was found especially for the correlation of experimental and theoretical proton affinities. Hammett type correlations between the environments considered were compared. The phenolic C—O bond length was also tested as an alternative substituent effect descriptor while the type and position of the functional group on the aromatic ring have a direct effect on the phenolic bond.
Neural network based explicit MPC for chemical reactor control
Authors: Kiš Karol , Klaučo Martin
Published: January 2020

In this paper, implementation of deep neural networks applied in process control is presented. In our approach, training of the neural network is based on model predictive control, which is popular for its ability to be tuned by the weighting matrices and for it respecting the system constraints. A neural network that can approximate the MPC behavior by mimicking the control input trajectory while the constraints on states and control input remain unimpaired by the weighting matrices is introduced. This approach is demonstrated in a simulation case study involving a continuous stirred tank reactor where a multi-component chemical reaction takes place.
Evaluation metrics for anomaly detection algorithms in time-series
Authors: Kovács György , Sebestyen Gheorghe , Hangan Anca
Published: January 2020

Time-series are ordered sequences of discrete-time data. Due to their temporal dimension, anomaly detection techniques used in time-series have to take into consideration time correlations and other time-related particularities. Generally, in order to evaluate the quality of an anomaly detection technique, the confusion matrix and its derived metrics such as precision and recall are used. These metrics, however, do not take this temporal dimension into consideration. In this paper, we propose three metrics that can be used to evaluate the quality of a classification, while accounting for the temporal dimension found in time-series data.
On some L(2, 1)-coloring parameters of certain graph classes
Authors: Anjali G. , Sudev N. K.
Published: January 2020

Graph coloring can be considered as a random experiment with the color of a randomly selected vertex as the random variable. In this paper, we consider the L(2, 1)-coloring of G as the random experiment and we discuss the concept of two fundamental statistical parameters – mean and variance – with respect to the L(2, 1)-coloring of certain fundamental graph classes.
Students’ Beliefs on Classroom Didactics of Second Language Teaching in the 21st Century
Authors: Sántha-Malomsoki Ágnes , Sántha Kálmán
Published: January 2020

This paper is about the views and beliefs of students, participating in technology-enhanced CLIL (content and language integrated learning) teaching in the senior section of a Hungarian primary school, about the English language, language learning, English classes, and the activities of their teachers. The study is based on mixed methods and a verbal fluency test as well as structured interviews. This paper presents the findings of the structured interview in the case of N = 7 students. The processing of the structured interviews was done using qualitative content analysis, combining deductive and inductive logic. During deductive content analysis, a code list was set up, followed by an inductive exploration of text segments. The reliability of coding was ensured by intercoding. According to the results, students taking part in technology-enhanced CLIL teaching saw language learning as a speech-based process. As for teaching activities, it was found that there were differences between problem-centred and activity-based technology-enhanced teaching and traditional methods based on a classical methodology. 1