bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Racism Leads to Epistemicide or Murder of Knowledge? A Case Study of Tangible and Cultural Heritage of the Nile Valley in Sudan
Authors: Hadi Widad Mustafa El , Elbeely Sarah Hassan , Abdelwahab Shadia Abdrabo
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we introduce epistemicide as an emerging theoretical framework for critical library and information studies alongside the well-known ones extensively covered in the literature of our field. Definitions of epistemicide and an aggregate of related concepts drawn from recent research are reviewed and examined through the lens of the ethics of information and knowl­edge organization (KO). A detailed historical background about Nubia and Kushite kingdoms along the river Nile is chosen as a case study. It focuses on the early conditions that led to racism, marginalization, and discrimination of the civilization of the Nile Valley in Sudan and its tangible cultural heritage. Facts are drawn from a vast literature review, documentary films, checked in knowl­edge organization systems (KOS, indexing languages and classifications) and museums. The paper concludes with an appeal to information scholars and professionals to address epistemicide as an ethical and crucial issue for information professionals responsible for the credibility and accuracy of the information they handle in every field of knowl­edge.
Periodization
Authors: Shaw Ryan
Published: December 2023

This article first focuses on the emergence of a scholarly discourse on periodization. That discourse includes historians' efforts to diversify criteria for individuating periods, and philosophers' analyses of periodization as a form of historiographical theorizing. Next the article turns to the dynamic interaction between scholarly periodization and the broader institutionalization of periodizations. This is followed by a brief review of arguments against periodization. The article ends with a look at how periodizations are treated in knowledge organization systems (KOS).
Therapeutic of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetes
Authors: Susanti Vinski Deby , Cinta Vinski Borneo Natasha
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explain and analyze the effective treatment of diabetes mellitus by Mesenchymal Stem Cells with respect to traditional therapy based on oral anti-diabetic drugs. As well as to study its regularly consistent properties. The method used in this research is the case study method. Patient care records were the main source of data for this study including evaluation and analysis. So that the results of the study explain that at the same time the utilized products cultured by "CELLTECH STEM CELL LAB. and BANKING" as an integrated part of the Clinic, also get quality assurance. Effectiveness and efficiency including endogenous beta cell regeneration of pancreatic islets, and other therapeutic issues are novel and belong to cutting-edge treatment.  Treatments performed at the Vinski Regenerative Stem Cell Main Clinic have shown positive research results. This has strengthened the level of trust in the clinic's medical services.
Optimization of Depression Level Detection Based on Noninvasive Parameters with Artificial Neural Network
Authors: E. Latifah , Wisesa A. Fathjri , Pramono N. Adi , T. Chusniyah
Published: December 2023

We optimized the measurement of depression levels by developing an instrument that processes four physical parameters non-invasively with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). High-accuracy detection instruments help establish a diagnosis to realize early and appropriate prevention and treatment of depression. Depression among students tends to increase, which has an impact on reducing productivity and even attempting suicide. It can reduce the quality and quantity of the productive age generation. The selection of non-invasive physical parameters, namely heart rate, hours of sleep, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen, considers practical aspects for the examiner and the subject examined. This research uses an exploratory method to develop an ANN-based tool for detecting student depression levels. The ANN-based Depression Detector (dANN) input layer harvests data from measurements of the four parameters. Then, the ANN hidden layer processes and studies the data in depth to present five levels of depression in the output layer. Learning results using Loss Graphs show that dANN reduces prediction errors or training iterations at Epochs greater than 130 or offers high accuracy after reaching Epoch 130. DANN prioritized high accuracy in practical measurements. dANN has the potential to be further developed by integrating psychological parameter data, considering that depression is multifactorial. The result of classification reported a precision of 1.0. This felicitating value presents the success of learning and training on dANN. Furthermore, dANN will be built on a web basis to improve performance by implementing an expert system.
Routing in Mobile ad Hoc Networks Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Aruna Dr. Orchu , Sk. Sameerunnisa , Vedantham Ramachandran
Published: December 2023

The significance of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) has increased in the current period due to the proliferation of mobile devices and the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The function of routing in decentralized wireless networks is of paramount importance in facilitating efficient data transfer. Conventional routing techniques need help in effectively adjusting to the dynamic changes in network topology and the constraints imposed by restricted network resources. To tackle these concerns, a Machine Learning-Based Optimized Routing Algorithm (ML-ORA) is proposed in this research. ML-ORA has been developed to offer adaptable and intelligent routing solutions, especially in MANET. This is achieved via the integration of parameter settings, the use of a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) algorithm for Cluster Head (CH) selection, the inclusion of a clustering stage, and the incorporation of a k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN)-based intrusion detection system. The performance of ML-ORA is assessed by conducting simulations using Network Simulator 3 (NS-3), demonstrating its efficacy in dynamic network settings. The findings exhibit a latency of 15 milliseconds, a packet delivery ratio of 95%, a network throughput of 4Mbps, and an energy efficiency of 85%. ML-ORA presents a potentially advantageous resolution for tackling the obstacles encountered in MANET routing, thereby creating opportunities for enhanced efficacy and security in the transmission of data inside dynamic wireless networks.
𝑃c𝜀𝜅max-Means++: Adapt-𝑃 Driven by Energy and Distance Quality Probabilities Based on 𝜅-Means++ for the Stable Election Protocol (SEP)
Authors: Suleiman Husam
Published: December 2023

Attaining a prolonged network lifetime, maximized coverage, and high performance are vital design factors that have to be maintained in a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Such factors are dependent on the stability and optimality of the protocol employed to formulate Sensor Nodes (SNs) into mutual clusters that effectively work around fulfilling specific performance goals. SEP is a heterogeneity-aware protocol implemented based on Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, designed to prolong the stability period of the network defined by the time interval before the death of the first SN. Nevertheless, adaptability in design is a scheme that has not been extensively applied in the formation of WSN election protocols. Adapt-𝑃 is a probabilistic model for adaptivity designed to evolve the probability of selecting a cluster-head based on the active status of the WSN, represented by the residual energy of and distances between SNs. However, the adaptive probability 𝑃adp formalized in Adapt-𝑃 is developed based on the remaining number of SNs 𝜁 and optimal clustering κmax, yet 𝑃adp does not implement the probabilistic ratios of energy and distance factors in the network. Furthermore, Adapt-𝑃 does not localize cluster-heads in the first round properly because of its reliance on distance computations defined in LEACH, that might result in uneven distribution of cluster-heads in the WSN area and hence might at some rounds yield inefficient consumption of energy. This paper utilizes 𝑘-means++ and Adapt-𝑃 to propose 𝑃c𝜅max-means++ clustering algorithm that better manages the distribution of cluster-heads and produces an enhanced performance. The algorithm employs an optimized cluster-head election probability 𝑃c developed based on energy-based 𝑃𝜂(𝑗,𝑖) and distance-based 𝑃𝜓(𝑗,𝑖) quality probabilities along with the adaptive probability 𝑃adp, utilizing the energy 𝜀 and distance optimality 𝑑opt factors. Furthermore, the algorithm utilizes the optimal clustering 𝜅max derived in Adapt-𝑃 to perform adaptive clustering through 𝜅max-means++. The proposed 𝑃c𝜅max-means++ is compared with the energy-based algorithm 𝑃𝜂𝜀𝜅max-means++ and distance-based 𝑃𝜓𝑑opt𝜅max-means++ algorithm, and has shown an optimized performance in term of residual energy and stability period of the network.
Applicability of Islamic Education Philosophy to Educational Level Units from an Islamic Studies Perspective
Authors: Muhammad Rizqi Pratama  , Zukhrufa Akbar Ramadan  , Imroatus Solichah  , Siti Ayu Nur Wanda Sari  , Salsabila Nur Jannah  , Latif Syaipudin
Published: December 2023

This research aims to discuss the application of Islamic educational philosophy in developing education at the Islamic education unit level. The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the application of philosophy in building learning concepts, curriculum and actualizing students' self-development? This research method uses a literature study approach, with descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of this research explain that Islamic educational philosophy basically continues to encourage in-depth development of educational concepts in general. First, especially in the realm of learning concepts, learning also involves the process of organizing information, forming concepts and developing skills. With technological developments, learning is also increasingly integrated with digital tools and resources, opening up new opportunities in delivering learning material. Second, curriculum management in Islamic educational philosophy also emphasizes the importance of a student-centered learning approach. Teachers must understand the needs and potential of individual students to be able to help them develop holistically, both academically and morally. Third, self-actualization and development based on Islamic educational philosophy, is important to create an environment that supports individual spiritual and moral growth. This environment involves families, communities, and educational institutions that encourage individuals to live lives in accordance with Islamic principles.
EKSISTENSI HAK MENDAHULUI NEGARA ATAS HUTANG PAJAK DEBITOR DALAM PROSES KEPAILITAN
Authors: Muhammad Adhiluhung Sosiawan
Published: December 2023

The pre-emptive rights owned by the state for tax claims on the goods belonging to the Tax Bearer are regulated in Article 21 of Law Number 16 of 2009 concerning General Provisions and Tax Procedures (UU KUP), but legal certainty has not been realized due to several bankruptcy cases. Pre-emptive rights have not yet been implemented. The purpose of this study is to understand and analyze the existence of the State's prior rights over debtors' tax debts in the bankruptcy process, and to understand and analyze efforts to realize legal certainty over the State's prior rights related to debtor's tax debt obligations in the bankruptcy process. The legal theory used as the basis for thinking in this research is the theory of legal certainty and the theory of state precedence. The method used in this study is a normative juridical research method. The data used is secondary data, the legal materials used in this study are derived from the results of library research in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials. For the analysis of legal materials, systematic interpretation and grammatical interpretation are used. The results of the study show that the position of the state's prior rights in Article 21 of the KUP Law does not provide legal certainty. Legal certainty of the state's pre-emptive rights on tax payables can be realized by objecting to or rejecting the list of receivables by making a request for a procedure review at the time of verification or verification of the debtor's debt, or can apply for a procedure review to the Commercial Court at the District Court, and can also make cassation action if the application for procedure review is rejected at the Commercial Court level.
MANAJEMEN EKSTRAKURIKULER DALAM MEMBINA KARAKTER NASIONALIS PESERTA DIDIK SMAT KRIDA NUSANTARA BANDUNG
Authors: Muhammad Hasan Basari
Published: December 2023

The character of students is still a problem that continues to be discussed.Education prepares quality human resources, character, intelligent in thinking, skilled in work and polite in behavior and well educated, honest and has a high national spirit. This can be realized, among others, through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities are curricular activities carried out by students outside of learning hours for intracurricular activities and co-curricular activities, under the guidance and supervision of the education unit (Permendikbud, 2014). The purpose of this study is to describe the application of management in extra-curricular activities in fostering nationalist character of participants students. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and data collection techniques through observation, interviews and document studies. The findings show that the application of extracurricular management in fostering the nationalist character of students uses management according to management functions starting from planning, organizing, implementing and supervising.The conclusion is that extracurricular management in fostering the nationalist character in SMAT Krida Nusantara Bandung has made planning, organizing, implementing and controlling but not all of it is optimal.
PENERAPAN MODEL INQUIRY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN (PKN) DI KELAS VI SD NEGERI 043934 SIMPANG SINGA SEMESTER II T.P 2021/2022
Authors: Kartini Sembiring
Published: December 2023

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes by applying the inquiry learning model during teaching and learning activities in Civics Education (PKn) class VI SD Negeri 043934 Simpang Singa. The subjects in this study were Grade VI students of SD Negeri 043934 Simpang Singa with a total of 24 students. This study uses two cycles of action research. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The results of this study indicate that 1) Students' cognitive learning outcomes through the inquiry learning model in the subject of Citizenship Education (PKn) have succeeded in achieving completeness. In the first cycle, 9 students completed with an average of 63.33. In the second cycle, 21 students completed with an average of 83.33 and the class was completed. Completeness of cognitive learning outcomes occurs because in conducting group discussions, students are able to work well together; 2) Students' affectiveness through the inquiry learning model in the subject of Citizenship Education (PKn) has changed for the better in each indicator. This change occurs because the teacher provides motivation so that students improve their attitudes during learning; 3) Psychomotor students through the inquiry learning model in the subject of Citizenship Education (PKn) have changed for the better in each indicator. This change occurs because students have the courage to express their opinions and defend their arguments.
السيرة الذاتية لمحمد بن عبدالله الأزدي(170هـ) صاحب كتاب" فتوح الشام"
Authors: أ.د. ليث صلاح نعمان العاني  , الباحثة/ سارة محمد زبون منصور
Published: December 2023

المستخلص

لقد شهد القرن الثاني للهجرة/ الثامن الميلادي حركة واسعة النطاق في مجال الكتابة التاريخية وظهور عدد من الاخباريين ورواة الحديث, ويعد ابو اسماعيل محمد بن عبد لله الازدي البصري(100-175ه/ 718-791م), أبرز من الف في تلك الفترة, ولكن لضياع وتلف وفقدان  الكثير من امات المصادر في هذه الحقبة فانة لم يصل الينا سوى بعض الكتب, ومن بينها كتاب "فتوح الشام" للازدي, لذلك يمكن القول بان هذا الكتاب هو الوحيد الذي يتطرق الى فتوح الشام بالتفصيل وبعض مدن العراق, والذي اصبح بين ايدينا, والذي يحتوي في صفحاته الكثير من الروايات التاريخية في فتوح بلاد الشام والعراق, فهو من الكتب التاريخية والقيمة.
(موقف الامام الحسن بن علي (عليهما السلام) من معاوية بن أبي سفيان في ضوء كتاب سير اعلام النبلاء للذهبي ت748هـ/1348م)
Authors: الاستاذ الدكتور عماد تالي مهدي الناصري  , الباحث/ عماد فالح حسن البهادلي
Published: December 2023

المستخلص

أن شخصية الامام الحسن (u) وما أكتنف حياته من أحداث تجعل الباحث يقف أمامها متأملاً، ولاسيما ان حياته كانت حافلة بالأحداث السياسية، والاضطرابات التي عصفت بالأمة، اذ انه تولّى الخلافة وتسّلم أعبائها في ظروف كان المجتمع ممزقاً منذ مدة خلافة أبيه أمير المؤمنين الامام علي (u)، الذي لم يفقد الامل بأصحابه المخلصين على قلتهم في تولي خلافة الامة، تلك الاضطرابات التي أدت الى اغتيال الامام علي (u) في محرابه، وانتقال الخلافة الى أبنه الامام الحسن (u).
Identifikasi Jenis Serangga Hama pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) di Kampung Surau Kabupaten Dharmasraya
Authors: Anugrah Chici , Zulyusri Zulyusri
Published: December 2023

The aim of the research is to identify insect pests on rice plants (Oriza sativa) in Kampung Surau, Dharmasraya Regency. The method used is direct capture, direct identification by looking at body morphology and using Google Lens. The results of the research show that insect pests in the rice fields are low because they only consist of 7 species of insect pests on rice plants (Oryza sativa), namely black ants (Dolichoderus thoracicus), stalked crabs (Anasa tristis), grasshoppers (Dissoitera carolina), rice caterpillar larvae ( Pyraloidea innota), leaf beetles (Cryptocephalus Beetles), white pests (Nhympula depunctalis) and fierce grasshoppers (Letocorisa acuta).
STATUS SAMOSTALNO SKLOPLJENOGA BRAKA ŽENE (BI DUN AL-WALIYY) U FIKHU EVROPSKOG VIJEĆA ZA FETVE I ISTRAŽIVANJA I SAVREMENIM ZAKONIMA O PORODIČNIM ODNOSIMA VEĆINE ARAPSKIH ZEMALJA
Authors: Hatunic Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Ovaj rad bavit će se šerijatskopravnim statusom samostalno sklopljenog braka žene (bi dūn al-waliyy) u fikhu Evropskog vijeća za fetve i istraživanja i savremenim zakonima o porodičnim odnosima većine arapskih zemalja (Egipat, Irak, Sirija, Jordan, UAE, Kuvajt, Katar, Bahrejin, Oman). U radu će biti navedene definicije pojma staratelj (al-waliyy) te stavovi i argumenti dvije, po ovom pitanju, suprotstavljene grupacije islamskih pravnika klasičnog perioda, od kojih jedna brak bez dozvole staratelja smatra apsolutno ništavnim (al-bāṭil), dok druga grupacija, uglavnom hanefijskih pravnika, takav brak smatra pravovaljanim (al-ṣaḥīḥ), ukoliko među supružnicima postoji međusobna dostojnost (al-kuf') čije nepostajanje se mora dokazati sudskim putem. Radi se o važnom pravnom pitanju za život kulturološki heterogenih muslimanskih zajednica u Evropi. Stavovi Evropskog vijeća za fetve i istraživanja u vezi s pitanjem koji brak žene bez dozvole i prisustva staratelja smatraju prihvatljivim, u velikoj mjeri će muslimanskim manjinama, ali i drugima, olakšati sklapanje braka, a time ih udaljiti od štetnih posljedica vanbračne zajednice ili pribjegavanja sklapanja isključivo i samo građanskoga braka.
JUDAIZAM U DJELIMA KLASIČNIH MUSLIMANSKIH AUTORA
Authors: Gobeljic Saudin , Gobeljic Zubejda
Published: December 2023

Rad koji je pred nama, na posve znanstven način tematizira jednu od velikih mainstream religijskih tradicija i to, najprije, iz rakursa interpretativne/intelektualne tradicije islama, a koja je kao takva naslonjena na konstitutivne izvore vjere. U terminološkom smislu daje se određenje onoga što se podrazumijeva i razumijeva pod pojmom al-yahud.Posredstvom znanstvenog instrumentarija koji je nastao u okrilju muslimanske teologije religija kroz ovaj rad se problematizira pitanje autentičnosti i orginalnosti Svetoga pisma judaizma te najvažnijim doktrinarnim učenjima. Naime, ideja Božije Jednoće (tawḥīd), iz perspektive islama, predstavlja polazišnu tačku u percipiranju drugih religijskih tradicija i njihovih učenja. Na tim zasadama, muslimanski autori, a ponajbolji primjer su klasici poput Al-Māturīdīja, Al-Bāqillānīja, Al-Aš'arīja, Al-Ğuwainīja, Al-Bīrūnīja, Al-Bagdādīja, sagledavaju vjerodostojnost doktrina unutar drugih religijskih učenja. Nadalje, kroz povijesno-teološki diskurs predstavljene su najvažnije i najpoznatije sljedbe koje su nastale iz krila ove religijske tradicije. U tom pogledu, postoje mnoge doktrine i teološke interpretacije oko kojih se razilaze pomenute judaističke sljedbe, no ponajvažnije su sljedeće: mogućnost/dopustivost i nemogućnost ili poricanje abrogacije (nasẖa), dopuštenost antropomorfizma (tašbīh) i njegovo odbacivanje/poricanje, pitanje slobodne volje i prisile te mogućnost i nemogućnost proživljenja. Svim ovim prevažnim pitanjima, na jedan posve objektivam način, bavit će se klasični muslimanski autori u svojim djelima, a u kontekstu muslimanske teologije religija, koristeći se intertekstualnom dijaloškom formom kao potrebom vremena.
Uluslararası Elektrik Enerjisi Talebinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kullanımı: Delphi Tekniğiyle Avrupa-Türkiye Karşılaştırması
Authors: AK Hazal , ERGÜN Mustafa
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada CBS’nin, elektrik enerjisinin üretimine ve talebine etkileri Delphi tekniği kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk turunda uzmanlara konuyla ilgili hazırlanmış klasik sorular gönderilerek görüşleri alınmıştır. Hazırlanan 15 soru Türkiye ve yurtdışında ‘CBS ve Elektrik Enerjisi’ ile ilgili çalışmaları olan akademisyenler veya enerji sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmalarda çalışan uzmanlara gönderilmiştir. İlk turda verilen cevaplar doğrultusunda 2. tur için anket soruları hazırlanmıştır. İkinci turdaki anket Likert ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye’de yapılan ikinci tur Delphi anketinin sonucunda 167 tane yeterlilik kriterinde görüş birliği diğer bir ifadeyle %75,22 oranında uzlaşma sağlanırken, yurtdışına uygulanan anketin sonucunda 156 tane yeterlilik kriterinde görüş birliği yani %70,27 oranında uzlaşma sağlanmıştır. Buna göre 3. tura gidilmesine gerek görülmemiştir. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen veriler ise SPSS programı ile analiz edilerek işlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda Türkiye ve Avrupa’nın elektrik enerjisi üretiminde ve talebinde CBS’nin etkileri ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Sürecinde Sürdürülebilir Göl Havzası Yönetimi için Marmara Gölü’ndeki Mekânsal Değişimin Nesne Tabanlı Sınıflandırma Yöntemi ile Analizi
Authors: SOFTAOĞLU Melike , USTAOĞLU Beyza
Published: December 2023

Akdeniz Havzası’nda yer alan Türkiye coğrafi konumu itibariyle iklim değişikliğinden en fazla etkilenen ülkelerden birisidir. İklim değişikliği başta su kaynakları olmak üzere birçok doğal ve beşerî sistemi olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bunlar içerisinde sulak alanlar sahip oldukları zengin biyolojik çeşitlilik nedeni ile dünyanın en önemli ekosistemlerinden biridir. Son yıllarda gerek kuraklık gerekse sulak alanların bilinçsiz kullanımı ve yönetimi sulak alanların yok olma sürecini hızlandırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada iklim değişikliğinin Türkiye’nin önemli sulak alanlarıdan birisi olan Marmara Gölü’nde mekânsal değişime etkisi 2013-2023 yılları arasında uzaktan algılama veri ve metotları kullanılarak ve arazi çalışmalarından elde edilen bulgularla analiz edilecektir. Çalışmada veri olarak Landsat 8 OLI ve Sentinel 2 uydu görüntüleri; metot olarak ise Arc GIS Pro yazılımında Nesne Tabanlı Sınıflandırma Yöntemi uygulanacaktır. Çalışmanın sürdürülebilir kalkınma ilkeleri doğrultusunda “İklim Eylemi”, “Sudaki Yaşam” ve “Sürdürülebilir Şehirler ve Topluluklar” hedeflerine uygun sürdürülebilir göl havzası yönetimine güncel ve farklı bir bakış açısı sunarak literatüre katkı sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır.
Belediye Logolarının Coğrafi Bakış Açısıyla İncelenmesi: Erzincan İli Örneği
Authors: DENİZ Sinan , YİLMAZ Zeynep
Published: December 2023

Logolar bir yerin veya bir markanın kendine ait özelliklerini çeşitli sembollerle ifade edilmesidir. Hizmet veren kuruluşlar olarak belediyeler de kendilerine ait tanıtıcı logolar kullanmaktadırlar. Belediyeleri temsil eden bu logoların o yöreye ait değerleri taşıması, logoların benimsenmesini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Belediye logoları bir yerleşim yerini temsil ettiklerinden genelde fiziki ve beşerî coğrafya unsurlarını içermektedirler. Oluşturulan logolarda coğrafi işaretlerin kullanılması, logoları coğrafi açıdan önemli kılmaktadır. Erzincan ilinin belediye logolarının coğrafi bakış açısıyla incelendiği bu çalışma, belediye logolarındaki fiziki ve beşerî coğrafi sembollerin yorumlanması ve kent kimliklerinin oluşturulmasında, coğrafyanın etkisi analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Erzincan ilinin belediye logoları incelenirken hem fiziki hem de beşerî coğrafya unsurlarının birlikte kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Logolarda güneş, hayvan motifleri, ağaç, dağ, akarsu ve tarım ürünleri gibi doğal coğrafya elemanlarıyla kültürel, dini ve beşerî ögelerin bir arada olması coğrafi açıdan oldukça önemlidir. Bu durum logo tasarımlarında doğal çevrenin göz ardı edilmediğini, mekânı tanımlayıcı unsurların kullanıldığını, yöreye ait tarihi ve kültürel değerlerin ön plana çıkartıldığı anlamına gelmektedir. Erzincan Merkez ilçesi belediye logosunda her bir ayrıntının orijinalliği, ilin özelliklerini taşıyacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Sadece Merkez ilçeyi tanımlamakla kalmayıp, taşra ilçelerin niteliklerini de anlatmaktadır. Çayırlı belediye logosunda fiziki coğrafya özellikleri, İliç, Kemah, Otlukbeli ve Üzümlü belediye logolarında ise hem fiziki hem de beşerî coğrafya özellikleri detaylı olarak sembolleştirilmiştir. Kemaliye ilçesinin doğal güzellikleri tam anlamıyla logoya yansıtılmamıştır. Refahiye ilçe belediye logosunda modern çizgiler ve simgeler kullanılmıştır. Tercan belediye logosu daha basit ve birkaç sembolden oluşmaktadır. Genel olarak bütün logolarda bulundukları coğrafyaya ait doğal ve beşerî unsurların yeraldığı ve kültürel değerlerin kullanıldığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Karadeniz Kıyılarında Ticari Dip Trol Ağları ile Avlanan Hedef Tür, Yan Av ve Iskartanın Birim Çabadaki Av Miktarının (BÇAM) Belirlenmesi
Authors: AKSU Hakan , SAMSUN Osman , ÖZDEMİR Süleyman
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmada, Karadeniz’in Sinop (İnceburun) kıyılarında ticari olarak kullanılan dip trol ağlarının av kompozisyonu ve Birim Çabadaki Av Miktarları (BÇAM) belirlenmiştir. Deniz çalışmaları 2009-2010 av sezonunda 40 gün süre ve toplam 195 avcılık operasyonu ile tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmada takip edilen dip trol ağları ile toplam 22063.8 kg ürün elde edilirken, 11 kemikli balık, 3 kıkırdaklı balık, 2 eklembacaklı, 1 deniz memelisi ve 1 yumuşakça olmak üzere toplam 18 türün avlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Grupların av miktarları sırasıyla kemikli balıklar (%99.18), kıkırdaklı balıklar (%0.55), yumuşakçalar (%0.13), memeliler (%0.11) ve eklem bacaklılar (%0.03) şeklindedir. En fazla avlanan tür kemikli balıklardan mezgit balığı (Merlangius merlangus euxinus, Nordmann 1840) (%95.79) olurken, bu türü sırasıyla barbunya (%1.28), tirsi (%0.60), çaça (%0.58), kalkan (%0.37) balıkları izlemiştir. En düşük av oranı ise kum karidesi (Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837) türünde (%0.01) görülmüştür. Ekonomik olarak değerlendirilen avın BÇAM en yüksek Eylül ayında (70.59 kg/s), en düşük ise Nisan ayında (29.55kg/s) hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, bölgede yapılan dip trol balıkçılığında avlanan tüm türler için av kompozisyonunun ve BÇAM aylık olarak değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Epidemiological Investigation of Diphtheria Extraordinary Events (KLB) In Gili Ketapang Village, Probolinggo Regency In 2022
Authors: Ningsih Retno
Published: December 2023

Diphtheria infection is caused by a toxigenic strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae with humans as the only reservoir. Diphtheria attacks children under 10 years old and is highly contagious, especially in susceptible populations. Diphtheria can cause an outbreak although it can be prevented by immunization. In 2022, 3 cases of diphtheria were reported in Gili Ketapang Village, Probolinggo Regency. Objective: to describe the epidemiology of the outbreak and identify the risk factors for countermeasures. Methods: This research is a descriptive study with an outbreak investigation report design. Results: There were 3 cases of diphtheria within 7 months (February-August 2022) in Gili Ketapang Village with a CFR of 100% and the highest attack rate in the toddler age group (0-4 years) of 0.5%. There were 2 positive contacts (close contacts of 2nd Case) who were asymptomatic. Transmission is strongly suspected to be caused by the carrier. The identified risk factors were low IDL coverage, limited health facilities and availability of ADS, sociodemographic conditions, and population mobility at risk of diphtheria transmission. The problems found were the absence of PMO in providing prophylaxis and ORI coverage was still low and incomplete. Conclusions and suggestions: The diphtheria outbreak in Gili Ketapang Village has been confirmed by the laboratory test. The increase in the incidence and mortality from diphtheria is caused by multi factors. The government's role in increasing immunization coverage, early warning through active case finding surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation of obstacles in prevention is urgently needed.
G20 Success Has A Positive Impact On Indonesian Msmes
Authors: Yuniarto Bambang , Nur Khovivah Siti , Saajidah Nasywaa , Faisal Fadhilah Ahmad , Ali Hasan Mohamad
Published: December 2023

The initial reference for the formation of the G20 Summit was due to the global economic crisis caused by the pandemic. The G20 Summit will be held in Bali on 15-16 November 2022 with the big theme "Recover Together, Recover Stronger" which will have an impact on the Indonesian economy, especially for UMKM, especially UMKM in Indonesia are considered a pillar of the economy because they have an impact on distribution of people's income and being able to crash and survive in an economic crisis like in 1997. The purpose of this discussion is to find out how the impact of G20 activities has on the improvement of UMKM in Indonesia. The research method used in this writing is literature or through bibliographical reference sources such as books, journals, documents and other sources that can be accounted for in a qualitative way by analyzing descriptions related to existing data. The results of the discussion are that there is a G20 presidency Some of the positive impacts for UMKM in Indonesia include providing marketing opportunities for UMKM business owners in Indonesia to advance to the international level, increasing domestic consumption up to Rp. 1.7 trillion and there is a projected increase in foreign tourists of up to 1.8 million to 3.6 million and also 600-700 thousand new jobs supported by the good performance of the culinary, fashion and craft sectors and learning the importance of digital marketing for UMKM.
PPAT Liability For Deeds That are Null and Void Because They do Not Meet The Legal Requirements of The Agreement Based on the Civil Code
Authors: Dewi Kusmara Fima , Neltje Saly Jeane
Published: December 2023

The cancellation of the PPAT deed through a court decision, not only because of the result of the PPAT error or negligence in making the deed. But the cancellation of the PPAT deed can also be caused by the mistakes or negligence of the parties who bind themselves to each other in the deed, so that the error or omission causes a lawsuit from one of the parties. In a lawsuit stating that the PPAT deed is invalid, it must be proven invalid both from the outward, formal, and material aspects. If it cannot prove it, then the deed concerned remains legally binding for the parties interested in the deed. If the deed can be proven at trial, then there is one aspect that causes the defect of the deed, so that the deed can become a deed that is degraded or a deed under hand, even become null and void. The research method used in this study is in the form of a normative juridical approach method. Specifications The research used in this study is analytical descriptive research. The types and sources of data used by the author are secondary data types, data obtained through data sources of civil law literature studies and primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques are obtained through literature studies and interviews. The method of analysis in thesis research is in the form of Qualitative Juridical.The results of research on PPAT Liability for Deeds That Are Null and Void Because They Do Not Meet the Legal Requirements of Agreements Based on the Civil Code are PPAT that violates the code of ethics by forging PPAT deeds, PPAT that violates can get civil, criminal and administrative sanctions
Analysis of the Critical Discourse of the Fairclough Model as Alternative Legal Case Analysis Approaches Allegation of Blasphemy
Authors: Yuniasih Yuniasih
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of social media applications today, especially the YouTube application, more and more YouTubers are known by the wider community.  One of them is youtuber LM. One of LM's video content "Eating Pork Crunch" (2023) went viral so that it was entangled in a blasphemy law case under Article 28 paragraph 2 of the ITE Law. To find out the content of the youtube video has the potential for blasphemy or cannot be analyzed by qualitative description method with Fairclough's model critical discourse analysis analysis. The critical discourse analysis of Fairclough's model is divided into three dimensions, the micro dimension, the meso dimension, and the macro dimension. The stages of data analysis are (1) stages of providing data and (2) stages of data analysis. The results of critical discourse analysis are further associated with forensic linguistics. The results of the analysis are to determine whether the content of LM's youtube video has the potential for blasphemy. The results of the analysis showed that the analysis of LM's video content "Eating Pork Crunch" (2023) was identified as having the potential for blasphemy.
RUSYA İLE PAKİSTAN ARASINDAKİ İKİLİ TİCARET (2003-2021 DÖNEMİ)
Authors: BASHİMOV Güçgeldi
Published: December 2023

Sosyalist sistemin çöküşünün ardından Rusya küresel ekonomi ile bütünleşme sürecine girmiştir. 1990’lı yıllarda Rusya’da başlayan ekonomik reformlar, ülkenin dış ticaretinde büyük değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Piyasa ekonomisinin önemini kavrayan Rusya son 20 yılda dış ticarette liberalleşmeye ve yabancı ülkeler ile ticari ilişkilerini geliştirmeye önem vermiştir. Günümüzde Rusya pek çok ülke ile ikili ticaret yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Rusya ile Pakistan arasındaki ticaret ele alınmıştır. Rusya ile Pakistan arasındaki ticaret, son yıllarda kademeli olarak artmış ve gelecekte de artışın devam etmesi beklenmektedir. İki ülke arasındaki ticaretin gelişimi Ticaret Yoğunluğu İndeksi ve Ticaret Tamamlayıcılık İndeksi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma 2003-2021 dönemini kapsamakta olup, ticaret verileri Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi’nin veri tabanından derlenmiştir. 2021 yılında iki ülke arasındaki ticaret hacmi 500 milyon doları geçmiştir. Hesaplanan Ticaret Yoğunluğu İndeks değerlerine göre iki ülke arasındaki ticaret yoğunluğunun düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ticaret Tamamlayıcılık İndeks değerleri, Pakistan’ın ithalatında ve Rusya’nın ihracatında yüksek düzeyde tamamlayıcılık olduğunu; ancak Rusya’nın ithalatında ve Pakistan’ın ihracatında düşük tamamlayıcılık olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
WEDDING SONGS OF PAMIR KYRGYZ: ÖLÖNG and DÜRÖ (From the experience of ethnofolkloristic analysis)
Authors: KAIYPOV Sulaiman
Published: December 2023

This article will analyze, in accordance with the methods and techniques of the branches of social and humanitarian sciences, the songs of ölöng (өлөң) and dürö (дүрө), almost forgotten in the oral folk art of Kyrgyzstanis, but performed at modern weddings of Kyrgyz ethnic groups living in other countries (in particular, among the Pamir Kyrgyz), preserving their liveliness in their traditional culture.
The performance of ölöng is a traditional, multifunctional ethnopoetic act performed before the performance of the nike kyiuu (Muslim wedding ceremony), which is the final stage of the weddings of the Pamir Kyrgyz. The ritual cannot be performed without the accompaniment of the ölöng, the performance of which can be undertaken only by the folk singers of the ölöngchü, trained and experienced in the performance of these songs.
Information about dürö has been poorly preserved. Respondents recall that the architectonics and content of the dürö are close to some types of akyn competitions – aitysh where elements of erotic themes take place. The issues of the organization of the oral text, the use of linguistic means, artistic form, deep content, traditions of performance, place in the public life of the speakers of ölöng and dürö, need careful study at the intersection of social and humanitarian sciences such as ethnofolkloristics, ethnoculturology, ethnolinguistics and ethnophilosophy.
Ali Rıza Gül, Sahabilerin Faiz (Ribâ) Anlayışları
Authors: KARA Gökhan
Published: December 2023

Faiz tarih boyunca toplumların ekonomik yaşamları başta olmak üzere, çok çeşitli sosyal ilişkilerin ve iktisadi eylemlerin ana odak noktasına bir bütün olarak oturan hayati konuyu oluşturmaktadır. Dinamik olan hayat içerisinde iktisadi eylemin pek farklı varyasyonlarının bir parçası olmayı başarmış olan faiz, dünya tarihi boyunca pozitifliği, negatifliği ve hatta bu iki tarafı da içine alan bir normatifliği içeren yorumlamaların da ilgi odağında olmayı başarmıştır. İşte bu kitap, İslam dininin ve ona mensup olan Müslümanların tarihin akışı içerisinde mutlak bir surette karşılaştığı ve kayıtsız kalmaktan sakınamadığı faiz (ribâ) konusunu ele almaktadır. Kitap, İslam peygamberi Hz. Muhammed (sav)’in ashabının birbirinden özgün ve kimi zaman birbiriyle mutabık görüşlerini kendi içlerinde sistematik bir anlayış çerçevesinde değerlendirmektedir. Bu özelliğiyle kitap, İslam dünyası için birer kutup mesabesinde olmalarıyla bilinen sahabenin Kur’an ve sünnet ile içkin yaşamlarının faiz kavramıyla ilişkiselliğini ortaya koyması bakımından ayırt edici bir yere sahip olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Örgüt Kültürünün İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi: Örgütsel Bağlılığın Aracılık Rolü
Authors: GARİPAĞAOĞLU UĞUR Nihan , AKOVA Orhan , SEMİZ ÇELİK Derya
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, örgüt kültürünün işten ayrılma niyetine etkisini belirlemek ve örgüt kültürünün işten ayrılma niyetine etkisinde örgütsel bağlılığın aracılık rolünü tespit etmektir. Veriler anket tekniği yoluyla tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle 96 yiyecek içecek işletmesi çalışanından toplanmıştır. İlişki ve etkilerin ölçülmesi için korelasyon ve regrasyon analizi, aracılık rolünü tespit etmek için ise Sobel Testi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre hiyerarşi kültürü ve klan kültürünün işten ayrılma niyetini negatif yönlü etkilediği görülmüştür. Örgüt kültürünün, çalışanların örgüte bağlılık düzeyini artırarak, işten ayrılma niyetini azalttığı da tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular ışığında sonuç kısmında tartışma ve değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
The Role of IL-23 in the Development of Th17 Lymphocytes in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Kononova T. E. , Urazova O. I. , Serebryakova V. A. , Chumakova S. P. , Vasilyeva O. A. , Sanina A. E.
Published: December 2023

The objective: to evaluate the role of IL-23 in the development of Th17 lymphocytes in patients with different clinical and pathogenetic forms of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Subjects and Methods. 165 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were examined. Venous blood was used for tests. Mononuclear leukocytes were isolated by centrifugation and monocytes were extracted and transformed into dendritic cells. The concentration of IL-23 in the supernatants of culture suspensions of dendritic cells was determined by ELISA. Immunophenotyping of Th17 lymphocytes (CD4+CD161+IL-17A+ cells) was performed by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of the RORC2 transcription factor gene in lymphocytes.

Results. In patients with infiltrative drug susceptible and drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis against the background of normal production of IL-23 by dendritic cells, an increase in blood level of Th17 lymphocytes and the level of mRNA of the RORC2 transcription factor gene was registered. The course of disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (regardless of drug susceptibility and resistance) is associated with pronounced decrease in the concentration of IL-23 in vitro and the absence of response from Th17 lymphocytes.
Specific Features of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Treatment with Interferon-Gamma Depending on the Nature of the Tissue Inflammatory Reaction
Authors: Shlyk I. F. , Kudlay D. A. , Kampos E. D. , Nikolenko N. Yu. , Shlyk I. F. , Franchuk I. M.
Published: December 2023

The objective: to evaluate effectiveness of treatment of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis patients with exudative or productive types of the tissue inflammatory reaction when additional immunotherapy with recombinant IFN-γ is used.

Subjects and Methods. 127 infiltrative tuberculosis patients were enrolled in the study, of them 66 had an exudative type of the inflammatory reaction (2 Groups OG-1 and GS-1 were formed), 61 had a proliferative type (2 Groups OG-2 and GS-2 were formed). Patients from OG-1 and OG-2 Groups additionally received different regimens with recombinant interferon-γ.

Result: Comprehensive treatment of infiltrative tuberculosis including intramuscular administration (according to a certain regimen) of recombinant IFN-γ contributes to achievement of pronounced positive changes of clinical and radiological symptoms in patients with both exudative and productive types of the tissue inflammatory reaction. In the groups treated with recombinant IFN-γ, restoration of the cellular immune response, cellular cooperation, normalization of the cytokine profile and increased phagocytosis activity were confirmed by the results of laboratory tests.
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis and Intrathoracic Lymph Node Sarcoidosis or Sarcoid Reaction?
Authors: Zaytsev A. A. , Filon E. A. , Likhodiy V. I. , Kulagina I. Ts. , Ternovskaya N. A.
Published: December 2023

The article describes a clinical case pulmonary and lymph node sarcoidosis which development coincided with the implantation of mammary gland implants and their partial destruction. It discusses the differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis and sarcoid reaction to the contents of implants.
Predicting the Maximum Load Capacity of Circular RC Columns Confined with Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Using Machine Learning Model
Authors: Indra Prakash  , Thuy Anh Nguyen
Published: December 2023

This article conducts an exhaustive investigation into the utilization of machine learning (ML) methods for forecasting the maximum load capacity (MLC) of circular reinforced concrete columns (CRCC) using Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP). Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) algorithm is combined with novel metaheuristic algorithms, namely Sailfish Optimizer and Aquila Optimizer, to fine-tune its hyperparameters. The robustness and generalizability of these optimized hyperparameters are ensured through 200 Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). The model is constructed based on a database of 207 experimental results. Its performance is evaluated using three criteria: root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and the coefficient of determination.  This study includes a performance comparison of the XGB4 model with eight other ML models, namely CatBoost (CAT), Gradient Boosting (GB), Hist Gradient Boosting (HGB), default XGB, Light Gradient Boosting (LGB), Linear Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF). This comparison identifies the most effective model for predicting the MLC of columns. Additionally, this study explores the interpretability of the XGB model by SHAP values. This analysis illuminates the significance and interactions of various input features in predicting the FRP-confined CRCC's MLC. It offers insights into the primary elements influencing structural behavior by displaying a graphical depiction of the impact of specific characteristics on the model's output. This study culminates in developing an interactive Graphical User Interface (GUI) based on the XGB model. This tool allows users to investigate the influence of input parameters on the predicted MLC values, thereby enhancing their understanding and application of the model.
Anxiety in Volleyball: Gender Differences During Competition
Authors: Mukherjee Ashoke
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to explore distinctions between male and female volleyball players in terms of various sub-domains of the sports anxiety scale and overall anxiety. A total of 126 female and 55 male volleyball players from different State teams in India were chosen using a convenient random sampling technique during the 47th Junior National Volleyball Championship of India. To gauge the anxiety levels of the volleyball players, the researcher utilized the modified version (The Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS), n.d.) of the Sports Anxiety Scale – 2. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test revealed that the data did not conform to a normal distribution. The Mann-Whitney U Test did not identify any noteworthy gender differences among the volleyball players in anxiety subscales, including Worry, Concentration Disruption, Somatic Trait Anxiety, and Total Anxiety. This outcome suggests that male and female volleyball players likely experience comparable anxiety levels during competition.
Design Simulation of Multilayer Structures for the Development of Biosensor Based on Transverse Matrix Method
Authors: Teguh Puja Negara  , Hendradi Hardhienata  , Akhiruddin Maddu  , Husin Alatas
Published: December 2023

Simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation on layered metal-dielectric structures using analytical methods is a study that continues to be developed because it involves strict mathematical equations with exact results. In this study, the transfer matrix method was developed to analyze the dielectric-metal-metal-dielectric structure through the reflection profile. The emergence of the Surface Plasmons Resonance (SPR) phenomenon causes a minimum reflectance whose changes are analyzed through variations in optical and physical parameters. The simulation shows that the minimum reflectance angle occurs at an angle , indicating the existence of the SPR phenomenon in the condition . The choice of metal materials, namely gold and silver, resulted in a shift in the reflectance curve, and an increase in the thickness of the adhesive layer caused a shift in the reflectance curve towards a smaller angle. Changes in the refractive index of the upper dielectric material are important for biosensor development, namely a shift in the reflectance curve with a linear response at the interval of refractive index .
Effect of Structural Parameters on Current-Voltage Properties of GaAs-based Resonant Tunneling Diodes Using Device Simulator
Authors: Lai Chin Hoong  , Shahrir R. Kasjoo
Published: December 2023

The resonant tunneling diode (RTD) was first introduced by Tsu and Esaki back in 1973. The RTD has a nano-meter scale dimension and is capable to operate in the terahertz range of frequency, thanks to its unique negative differential resistive (NDR) property. There are tons of potential of RTD capable to implement in many applications if the optimum scales and parameters of the RTD’s structure can be determined. Hence, this is the reason and purpose of this work being conducted. The effects of structural parameters of RTD are studied and analyzed. From the simulation results generated by the WinGreen simulator, the barrier layer thickness has exhibited to be the most performance-affective structural parameter for RTD, when compared to other parameters such as thicknesses of spacer and quantum-well layers, and doping concentration of emitter and collector layers. The highest peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) of InGaAs/AlAs RTD achieved is approximately 78.36 with its barrier layer thickness of 1.6 nm. For GaAs/AlAs RTD, the highest PVCR obtained is approximately 59.29 at 1.6 nm thick of its barrier layer.