bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamic Nations' Approaches to Combating Gender Discrimination against Women: An Examination of the Southeast Asia Region
Authors: Ahmad Nehaluddin , Zamri Zheimie H. , Omarali Noor Saffrena
Published: February 2025

Gender-based discrimination remains a pervasive issue despite gender equality being recognised as a fundamental human right. In Southeast Asia, where over two hundred and forty million Muslims reside, the challenge of gender discrimination continues to affect women, although Islam serves as the predominant religion. This study examines the policy and legal reforms adopted by Islamic nations in Southeast Asia—Specifically Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Thailand (Southern Thailand), and the Philippines—in their effort to combat gender discrimination. This research mainly aims to assess the effectiveness of these reforms in addressing both legal frameworks and cultural practices that contribute to the marginalisation of women. Through qualitative analysis of policy documents, legal texts, official reports and academic reports, this study explores the reforms in key sectors such as employment, healthcare, family law, and political representation. Key findings highlight significant reforms, such as Brunei's national action plan for women's empowerment, Malaysia’s comprehensive public sector measures for gender equality, Indonesia's gender mainstreaming policies, and Thailand’s legal protections against gender discrimination. Despite these efforts, the study reveals persistent challenges, including limited political representation of women, cultural barriers, and inconsistent enforcement of legal reforms. The findings indicate that while progress has been made, the full realisation of gender equality requires continued legal reform, stronger policy implementation, and greater societal transformation. This research contributes to the broader discourse on Islamic legal perspectives and policy-making, offering insights into the intersection of religion, law, and gender equality. The study also provides recommendations for enhancing legal frameworks to achieve greater gender equity in the region.
Migrants' Identity and Sense of Belonging in the Digital Age : Sociopolitical Challenges Encountered in Social Integration Today
Authors:   , Park Sunyoung
Published: February 2025

This is a cumulative dissertation comprising four articles, each delving into social integration issues at different scales of society from the perspective of migrants in the digital age. The central focus is on migrants’ identity and sense of belonging, key elements in addressing the sociopolitical constraints they face and redefining social integration in today’s diverse society.
The four studies corresponding to the sub-questions from individual, relational, and institutional (social) perspectives adopt methodologies appropriate to each purpose. Notably, this dissertation employs a variety of qualitative methods embarked on comparative case study approaches:
Study 1 conducts in-depth interviews (Brounéus 2011) with Korean migrants living in Germany, followed by Thematic Analysis(Boyatzis 1998) of the interview transcripts.
Studies 2 and 3 focus on an online social movement that appeared on various types of online social networks, analyzing narratives by Content Analysis(Schreier 2012) and Thematic Analysis(Boyatzis 1998).
Study 4 performs fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA)(Pappas and Woodside 2021), coding interviews with highly skilled migrants in Germany and the Netherlands.
Synthesizing the findings from the four articles, this dissertation answers the central research question as follows: In today’s super-diversified migration landscape, migrants shape their unique identity and sense of belonging based on individualized attributes and backgrounds rather than conventional categories such as ethnicity or country of origin. This self-defining process continuously occurs while they interact with various sociopolitical conditions existing at individual, relational, and societal levels within the destination society. Especially digital technology plays a significant role in this process, serving as a conduit for effective communication, a facilitator for accessing commodities, and a coevolving social platform where migrants actively create their own networks and interact with diverse groups of people. Based on this foundation, three principal avenues of research were developed: understanding contemporary migrant identity and sense of belonging in a super-diversified society, exploring the features of highly skilled migrants in establishing their sense of belonging, and examining the role of digital technology in shaping migrant identity and sense of belonging.
The Effect of Continuity of Midwifery Care (CoMC) Based on EDUGARLIN Application and Booklet on Postpartum Fitness Quality
Authors: Junengsih Junengsih , Syarifah Rosita , Kusumastuti Ani , Herlyssa Herlyssa , Wahyuni Elly Dwi , Fatimah Yulia Ulfah , Nurcahyani Lia , Hafid Fahmi
Published: February 2025

Background: The puerperium is the period between the delivery of the placenta and the return of the uterus to its pre-pregnancy condition, which lasts for 6 weeks or 42 days. During this recovery period, mothers often experience several physiological and physical changes that cause discomfort. Several studies have shown that the discomfort experienced can lead to pathological development and complications when not treated properly. To prevent complications, information technology from smartphones with Android-based applications can be used to improve the quality of postpartum well-being.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of utilizing EDUGARLIN (postpartum fitness education) application on the knowledge, attitudes, and quality of postpartum fitness in TPMB (Independent Midwife Practice).
Methods: The study procedures were carried out using a Quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent posttest-only control group method. The purposive sampling was then used to select a total of 84 respondents, who were divided into 2 groups, namely EDUGARLIN application (intervention) and booklet (control). The data obtained in this study were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and postpartum fitness quality between the intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, 36 respondents (85.7%) had good knowledge, compared to 22 respondents (52.4%) in the control group (p-value<0.05). A total of 36 respondents (85.7%) also showed positive attitudes, compared to 34 (81%) in the control group (p-value<0.05). In addition, 38 respondents (90.5%) in the intervention group had good postpartum fitness quality, compared to 26 (61.9%) in the control group (p-value<0.05).
Conclusions: The android-based EDUGARLIN application was effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of postpartum mothers in terms of the quality of postpartum fitness.
IMPACT OF TRANSCULTURAL NURSING-BASED CULTURE AND LIFESTYLE ON THE SUCCESS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFED
Authors: Narendra Yoga Hadi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: According to transcultural nursing theory, universal and specific care approaches for people's health and wellbeing will be influenced by people's or groups' culture, values, beliefs, and practices. Infant mortality rates for babies who are not exclusively breastfed are high (IMR).Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was performed in this study. 289 respondents made up the study's sample size. Chi Square was used in the statistical analysis.Results: 64 respondents (22%), who placed a high priority on cultural norms and lifestyle, exclusively breastfed their infants. In contrast, 41 respondents (14%) did not exclusively breastfeed their infants.Conclusion: cultural negotiations will increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTOR ANALYSIS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Ulva Fadillah , Hikmi Nailul
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria and often attacks lung tissue. TB is one of the ten highest causes of death worldwide. The death rate of TB in Indonesia reaches 140,000 people per year. In 2020, the highest TB cases in Padang are in the Andalas Public Health Center, which is 106 cases. The spread of TB is closely related to the environmental conditions such as the physical condition of the house. This study aims to determine the environmental risk of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: This research was observational research with case-control study design. This research was conducted at Andalas Public Health Center (PHC) on Dec 24, 2022 – Feb 16, 2023. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with ratio 1:1, namely 39 houses with pulmonary tuberculosis and 39 houses without pulmonary tuberculosis. Data collection used observation and interview technique. Independent variable in this research is occupancy density, humidity, ventilation to area ratio, and house lighting and pulmonary tuberculosis as dependent variable. Research instrument in the form of questioner, observation sheet, luxmeter, thermo-hygrometer, and roll-meter. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate.
Results: The results showed that occupancy density (OR: 0,267 CI95% 0,051-1,387), humidity (OR:0,661 CI 95% 0,145-3,013), ventilation to area ratio (OR: 0,042 CI 95% 0,007-0,232), and house lighting (OR: 0,183 CI 95% 0,044- 0,759), were related to pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. The multivariate results showed that there was a relationship between house lighting and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis after controlling of confounding variables.
Conclusions: Occupancy density, humidity, ventilation to area ratio, and house lighting, have been proven to be related to pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. House lighting was the most influential factor of pulmonary tuberculosis in Andalas Public Health Center Working Area. Healthy house needs to encourage to reduce the spreading and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
EXERCISE STRETCHING AS AN INTERVENTION TO PREVENT BACK PAIN IN HOME INDUSTRY SHOES KAB. GARUT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Akmal Sybromiilsy  , Dadang Purnama  , Adelse Prima Mulya  , Witdiawati
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Working positions that are not in accordance with the principles of body ergonomics will cause work-related illnesses, namely complaints of back pain. Risk factors that can trigger discomfort in the back area include age, body mass index, length of work, type of work chair, sitting position, and physical activity performed. Stretching exercises can increase muscle blood circulation causing spasm and reduced ischemia so that the metabolism of materials needed by the body becomes well dispersed and processes the elimination of waste materials that are not needed by the body more efficiently
The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about how to deal with back pain in workers.
Method: This type of research used a qualitative study method with a total sample of 8 male workers, all workers did not know about ergonomic positions and there were 6 workers who experienced complaints of back pain.
Result:Actions that can be used to increase knowledge and reduce pain levels in workers withproviding health education on ergonomic positions and stretching exercises.
Conclusion:Based on these actions, workers already know and understand about ergonomic positions that can be applied in the workplace and after doing 12 stretching exercises the workers stated that being more relaxed and comfortable between work, the felt back pain also reduced, to a scale of 2 .
 
Keywords: Back Pain, Stretching Exercises, Worker
THE TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN BULE HORA TEACHING HOSPITAL, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA, 2021: RETROSPECTIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Gelgelo Dawit
Published: February 2025

Background: In Ethiopia Tuberculosis is the leading causes of morbidity. The incidence of all forms of TB in the Ethiopia was 379/100000 population which is the second on the Africa continent. There are high discrepancies in the result of treatment outcome being reported from the different region of the country with frequent poor treatment outcomes particularly from the southern Ethiopia. Thus, this study aims to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia
Methodology: Facility based retrospective cross-sectional document review of 380 patients was conducted to assess the Tuberculosis treatment outcome and associated factors from tuberculosis patients' document registration. Data was entered into the computer using Epi-data software version 3.2 and exported to SPSS software version 25 for analysis.  Bivariate and multivariate analysis with 95% confidence intervals were employed to infer associations between the independent and dependent variables.
Result: The documents of 380 tuberculosis patients were reviewed. Among this patients, 87.9% were successfully treated where as 12.1% of the patients were unsuccessfully treated. From this, 53.4% and 34.5% patients were cured and completed the treatment, respectively, where as 3.7%, 5.8%, and 2.6% patients were died, treatment failure, and defaulted, respectively during the follow-up.
Conclusion:  The Tuberculosis treatment outcome for the present study was 87.9%, which was lower than national target which was   >96% and global target >90% which required improvement. Among 12%.1 of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes, 6.8% of them were HIV positive. The higher unsuccessful Tuberculosis treatment outcomes among HIV positive patients suggests the need to strengthen adherence education and supervision.
A Hybrid Approach to Dark Matter based upon Hawking’s Cosmology, a Natural Explanation for Flat Rotation Curves as well as an Improved Prediction Algorithm for Rotation Velocities
Authors: MSc G.M. van Uffelen
Published: February 2025

Hawking’s cosmology logically leads to an observed multiverse. This article argues it is a superposition of at least three 3-dimensional universes in a 4-dimensional space, of which two dimensions overlap with our universe. Nothing that could disturb the superposition exists outside it. This explains why dark matter causes a linear decrease in gravity with distance to visible mass at large radii in galaxies. To support this, the visible matter distribution in the disks and bulges, calculated by the SPARC team, and the observed rotation velocities have been used. Lelli and Mistele showed that the common way to project dark matter halos around galaxies cannot be valid. Since General Relativity would need these halos too, it must be modified with additional terms, or an added wire-like mass must be modelled in galaxies. Bekenstein and the paper in hand respectively do this. Using TeVeS, the decay of the contribution of dark matter to gravity with the expansion of space is confirmed. This explains the rapid development of large galaxies in the early universe as reported by Labbé. A new prediction method for rotation velocities that works at all radii in galaxies is offered. It is 25% more accurate than MOND and TeVeS.
Towards a sustainable construction industry: A Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation of Critical Barriers to entry and retention of Women in the South African Construction Industry
Authors: Oladinrin Olugbenga Timo , Windapo Abimbola , Alencastro João , Rana Muhammad Qasim , Ekpo Christiana , Ojo Lekan Damilola
Published: February 2025

Over the past few decades, numerous efforts have been made to increase the proportion of women in the construction industry, coupled with various calls for legislation and rules to prohibit gender discrimination. Despite these efforts, research reveals that there have been few noticeable changes in the construction industry. While recruitment remains crucial, the current culture in construction reveals a knowledge gap in translating qualifications into employment and employment into retention—a concept known as a ‘leaky pipeline’. Lack of awareness of career options and the challenges of working in a male-dominated, occasionally discriminatory workplace are some of the significant barriers to attracting and keeping women in the construction industry. Much of the research in South Africa shows that most construction companies employed few women but only in lower secretarial and administrative positions. Therefore, this study investigated the barriers facing women’s transition from construction-related higher education to employment in South Africa using fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) to understand and prioritise the barriers. Data was collected through the administration of online and paper-based questionnaires. The results of the analysis show that the barriers in the order of criticality include support and empowerment issues (SE), educational/academic-related barriers (AB), barriers from professional conditions and work attributes (BP), social perception and gender stereotypes barriers (SP), professional perceptions and gender bias (PP), and individual confidence/interest/awareness/circumstances related barriers (IB) respectively. Based on the findings of the study, several recommendations, including liaising between construction organisations and higher institutions, amongst others, were provided.
The Reliability and Construct Validity of the Functional Threshold Power Test in Recreational Cyclists
Authors: Gough Lewis A , Williams Jake , Downes Gregory , Sturridge Savannah , Warner Ashley , Sparks S Andy , Dobson Ben , Brown Danny
Published: February 2025

Background/objectives: The functional threshold power (FTP) 20-min test (FTP20) is popular amongst cyclists and coaches due to the theory it can predict the power output that can be sustained for 60-mins. However, little is known in terms of the reliability and validity of this construct, therefore the aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the FTP20 test and the construct validity of this test to predict 60-min power. Methods: Twenty-two male trained cyclists (age = 32 ± 10 years, body mass (BM) = 77.2 ± 6.8 kg, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) = 59.4 ± 5.6 ml.kg-1.min-1 BM) completed four trials consisting of a V̇O2max test, a familiarisation trial of the FTP20, two experimental FTP20 tests, and a time to volitional exhaustion (TLIM) at 95% FTP20. Results: The repeatability for mean power output (MPO) during the FTP20 was excellent (r = 0.94, CI 0.82, 0.98, p<0.001). Mean TLIM (at 95% FTP20) was 42 ± 17-min, with six participants within 10-min of the 60-min suggested threshold. Conclusions: These results suggest that the FTP20 is reliable, however it does not predict 60-min power with a high level of validity. Future research should explore adapting the calculation of FTP whereby the intensity may be lowered (i.e., 80-90% MPO of FTP20), particularly as most participants’ TLIM was far below the suggested 60-min time frame.
The Plato Machine
Authors: Wang Jianxiang
Published: February 2025

In this note, it is demonstrated first by several examples that with the development of theoretical research in physics, materials science and engineering, and advanced manufacturing technology, rigorous mathematical theorems and equations have been already materialized by novel physical objects of practical significance. It is then proposed that this route may point to an emerging paradigm, which is termed the Plato machine, for designing and manufacturing products by a direct integration of mathematics and advanced manufacturing technology. Finally, in view of the advances of AI for science and engineering, it is pointed out that this process may be greatly expedited and realized by AI with proper human supervision for the well-being and progress of mankind.
The Port Container Terminal Storage Fee Differentiation Pricing Model Based on Voted Clustering
Authors: Li Na , Song Lianming
Published: February 2025

Port pricing strategies are key tools for optimizing revenue, enhancing competitiveness, and ensuring efficient resource allocation. To help port operators effectively utilize the port yard, this paper investigates the port yard storage pricing problem under varying free storage periods and pricing strategy ranges. This problem involves a revenue game between the container yard (CY), remote container yard (RCTY), and carriers, in this game problem, each player has a large range of decision variables, which significantly increases the complexity of the entire problem. Based on carrier data from port services, we use a voting clustering approach to group multiple carriers, this can significantly reduce the pricing calculation complexity for port operators. Subsequently, we establish game-theoretic pricing models for CY, RCTY, and the carriers, both before and after the implementation of pricing clustering. During the pricing strategy simulation phase, we conduct sensitivity analysis on pricing ranges and free storage periods, using data from a port in Southeast China. The final conclusions related to port pricing are derived from this analysis, providing management insights for CY operators.
The Impact of Health-Related and Economic Factors on Tourism: A Research on the Leading Countries in Medical Tourism
Authors: Tengilimoglu Dilaver , Tümer Tolga , Younis Mustafa Z.
Published: February 2025

Accessibility of quality and affordable healthcare services is a fundamental need for everyone globally and medical tourism helps facilitate it. Therefore, medical tourism is very important for all individuals and countries; and the factors that effect medical tourism are just as important. Healthcare services are naturally at the center of medical tourism. Moreover, it is known that economic factors affect every sector. Hence, we used several health-related and economic factors as explanatory variables. On the other hand, as there is not enough global, systematic and regularly updated medical tourism specific data yet, we used tourism data which naturally encompass medical tourism data as separate dependent variables. We conducted multivariate regression analyses and found that the increases in health expenditure and decreases in infant mortality rate significantly increase tourist arrivals and tourism receipts in the leading countries in medical tourism. Our findings thus suggest that medical tourists indeed do pay attention to health-related factors when choosing a medical tourism destination and that improving the healthcare services provided in a country may significantly increase the competitiveness of the country in medical tourism.
Overview of Recent Advances in Rare-Earth High-Entropy Oxides as Multifunctional Materials for Next-Gen Technology Applications
Authors: Šarić Stjepan , Tatar Dalibor , Kojčinović Jelena , Djerdj Igor
Published: February 2025

Rare-earth high-entropy oxides are a new promising class of multifunctional materials characterized by their ability to stabilize complex, multi-cationic compositions into single-phase structures through configurational entropy. This feature enables fine-tuning structural properties such as oxygen vacancies, lattice distortions, and defect chemistry, making them promising for advanced technological applications. While initial research primarily focused on their catalytic performance in energy and environmental applications, recent research demonstrated their potential in optoelectronics, photoluminescent materials, and aerospace technologies. Progress in synthesis techniques has provided control over particle morphology, composition, and defect engineering, enhancing electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties. Rare-earth high-entropy oxides exhibit tunable bandgaps, exceptional thermal stability, and superior resistance to phase degradation, positioning them as next-generation materials. Despite these advances, challenges remain in scaling up production, optimizing compositions for specific applications, and understanding the fundamental mechanisms governing their multifunctionality. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent developments in rare-earth high-entropy oxides as relatively new and still underrated material of the future.
Deepfake Detection Using Deep Learning: A Unified Forensic Approach to Detect AI-Generated Images and Videos with Fusion of Eye, Nose, and Mouth Landmarks
Authors: Sohail Saud , Sajjad Syed Muhammad , Zafar Adeerl , Iqbal Zafar , Muhammad Zia , Kazim Muhammad
Published: February 2025

The growing prevalence of AI-generated multimedia content, particularly deepfakes, has facilitated the spread of fake news, propaganda, identity theft, and undermined the importance of privacy and authenticity in digital media. Existing techniques often lack robustness in handling complex deepfake artifacts, especially those involving fused facial regions such as the eyes, nose, and mouth. This study addresses the challenges posed by deepfakes across domains such as social media, politics, and entertainment by proposing a hybrid deep learning framework for forensic analysis. The framework integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), and temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) to effectively capture both spatial and temporal features. Experimental results demonstrate a detection accuracy of 99% across diverse datasets, highlighting the model’s effectiveness in detecting deepfakes, even with intricate manipulations. This research advances the field of digital forensics by enhancing methodologies for multimedia verification, promoting trust, and safeguarding authenticity in the digital age.
From Sustainability to Regeneration: Improving Indoor Environment Quality Through Innovative Design
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Sakagami Kimihiro , Lee Heow Pueh
Published: February 2025

The pursuit of sustainable design has made strides in improving building practices, yet traditional approaches often fall short in addressing the holistic needs of both the environment and human well-being. This research delves into the emerging field of regenerative design, which extends beyond sustainability by seeking to restore and enhance ecological and human systems. By integrating regenerative principles into indoor environments, this study evaluates their impact on indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Through a comprehensive literature review, the research demonstrates that regenerative design can significantly enhance air quality, thermal comfort, lighting, and acoustics, ultimately creating healthier and more productive indoor spaces. This paper also discusses potential challenges and outlines future research directions to further advance the application of regenerative design in building practices.
Assessment of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction from Local Transport Company a Case Study of Niazi Express Pakistan
Authors: Akram Muhammad Usman , Ghazanvi Aamir Iqbal , Abubakar Muhammad
Published: February 2025

This study examines the perceived levels of customer satisfaction and service quality associated with NIAZI express. This sector has not been the focus of prior work or research. This study aims to identify the factors contributing to the acquisition of loyal clients. This quantitative study collects data from respondents using survey research. Data is collected via self-visits to the NIAZI express Lahore terminal using a self-structured questionnaire. All transport users are our research population. A large percentage of Pakistanis use transport providers. Since middle-class people use transportation, many use it. Findings reveal that most passengers express satisfaction, it is essential to devise strategies to address the needs of neutral and dissatisfied customers within the organization. Consistent service, enhanced communication, and incremental improvements in transport services can ensure sustained patronage and a competitive edge for transport operators in Pakistan.
Crisis Alert: Approximately 40% of Vietnamese Adolescents Are Struggling with Malnutrition
Authors: Hoang Ngan Thi Duc , Hoang Nghien Thi Thao , Tran Duong Thanh , Le Hoa Anh , Le Tuyen Danh , Szymlek-Gay Ewa A. , Le Hiep N. , Le Hiep Thi , Dang Du Thi Doan , Phung Hai
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Vietnam has limited information on the nutritional status of children aged ≥5 years. This study aimed to 1) determine the nutritional status, and 2) assess the associations between malnutrition and socio-demographic factors among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in selected provinces in Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,055 children aged 5-19 years. Children’s weight and height were collected to calculate BMI for Age Z-score and Height for Age Z-score to determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity, stunting, thinness/underweight, stunted-overweight, stunted-underweight, at least one type of undernutrition, and at least one type of malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of stunting and thinness/underweight was around 10%, overweight and obesity was 14.5%, at least one type of undernutrition was 19.7%, and at least one type of malnutrition was 36.5%. Significant associations were found between malnutrition and socio-demographic factors such as age, ethnicity, and the number of household possessions. Older children and those from less affluent households were more prone to stunting, while children from wealthier families were at a higher risk of overweight and obesity. Conclusions: This study can guide strategies to address the dual burden of malnutrition among Vietnamese children requiring interventions that consider diverse demographic needs.
Research on Predictive Control Strategy for Phase Shift Full Bridge Transform Based on Improved Nonlinear Disturbance Observer
Authors: Wu Yunbo , Liu Cheng , Zhao Qing , Liu Lixin
Published: February 2025

To improve the power output performance of high-power electrolytic plating equipment and enhance the dynamic response and disturbance resistance of the DC-DC converter, the core component of electrolytic plating, a phase shifted full bridge converter predictive control strategy based on an improved nonlinear disturbance observer is proposed. Firstly, a controller inner loop structure based on model predictive control algorithm is constructed to enhance the dynamic response capability of the current inner loop; Secondly, design an improved nonlinear disturbance observer to estimate the changes in electronic component parameters and external disturbances of the converter; Finally, design a feedforward compensation loop to improve the inherent duty cycle loss problem of phase-shifting full bridge converters. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively improve the dynamic performance and anti-interference ability of the system.
Scoping Review: The Impact of Social, Medical, and Physical Environmental Factors on Food Intake During Hospitalisation in Mental Health Facilities
Authors: Marino Luise V. , Meyer Rosan , Veale Sarah , Brown Jennifer V. E.
Published: February 2025

Healthcare organisations in the United Kingdom must comply with national standards for food and drink, including sustainable sourcing and minimisation, mitigation and management of food waste. Despite this, an estimated one in six plates of food served in hospitals are wasted daily, producing 12% of the UK food waste, equating to 6% of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2e) nationally, and a waste-management cost of £230m per annum. Within healthcare there is a move towards the implementation of “plant-based diets by default” to reduce the environmental impact, improve nutritional outcomes, and reduce costs. However, plant-based diets are often perceived as being difficult to prepare by caterers, less enjoyable and may result in more food waste. We conducted a scoping review to examine the influence of the social, medical, and physical environment on food intake during inpatient admission to a mental health hospital. Fourteen-studies were included. We identified five critical knowledge areas: i) food and socio-cultural environment, ii) evidence-based measures and strategies to reduce food waste, iii) economic food environment, iv) inevitability of weight gain and v) applications of theoretical models for behaviour-change. Future research should explore the development of a behaviour-change framework inclusive of training, education, and goal setting component for staff, patients, and visitors.
Relationship Between CPAK Phenotypes and Distal Femoral Rotation
Authors: León-Muñoz Vicente J. , Hurtado-Avilés José , Santonja-Medina Fernando , Lajara-Marco Francisco , López-López Mirian , Moya-Angeler Joaquín
Published: February 2025

Background: The Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification categorises nine phenotypes based on constitutional limb alignment and joint line obliquity and can be used in healthy and arthritic knees. In total knee arthroplasty surgery, some morphological variables in planes other than the coronal are particularly interesting. For example, the distal femoral rotation. Our study aimed to search for relationships between phenotypes based on CPAK classification and distal femoral rotation. Methods: Data from 622 cases in 535 osteoarthritic patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty have been retrospectively analysed. Computed tomography imaging was employed to ascertain the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, the mechanical medial proximal tibial angle and the distal femoral rotation (quantified using the condylar twist angle). Results: The variables are perfectly uncorrelated according to the regression equations, with a Coefficient of Determination of 0.0608 for the condylar twist angle. Upon visualising the condylar twist angle function using a contour map or surface curves with low interpolation, it becomes evident that the data do not follow any discernible pattern. Employing ANOVA, we found some statistically significant differences between the distributions of the CPAK groups for the condylar twist angle (F = 5.81; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study found no relevant relationships between coronal plane alignment, according to the CPAK classification and the distal femoral rotation in the sample population studied. Perhaps the stratification of the CPAK groups (i.e., a purely arithmetical aspect) hides possible relationships between the coronal and the axial planes.
Research Advances in Titanium Plate Surface Modifications for Clinical Osteogenesis Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Nziengui Raby Randy Bachelard , Bounda Guy-Armel , Lebila Moutsi Kelvin Stefel , Ntsame Allogo Idriss Francois , Mengue Obame Justia Varaine , Adou Ovolo Monique Lauriane , Ondo Kwensy Djoyce , Awakossa Geraldine Esther , Doukaga Kiny-Binyumbe , Massounga Mayombo Rosanna Tryphene , Mengue Medzang Dally Bea , Tsamba Mpira Marie Mical , Bengono Maywann , Nziengui Mbadinga Ulrich Freddy , Mengue Obame Maëlle Noémie , Teingue Dodo Noreen
Published: February 2025

Titanium and its alloys are indispensable in bone regeneration and implantology due to their superior biocompatibility and mechanical strength. This review synthesizes recent advances in titanium plate surface modifications for osteogenesis, focusing on innovative approaches in surface engineering—such as the integration of nanomaterials, bioactive coatings, and laser treatments—to enhance osseointegration, antibacterial properties, and implant durability. We conducted a systematic literature search (2010–2024) across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect to comprehensively capture high-quality studies in this field. Our critical assessment places these modifications within the context of improved clinical outcomes in orthopedic and reconstructive surgeries, addressing challenges of long-term stability, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory compliance. Overall, our comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into current practices and outlines future research directions essential for optimizing implant performance, aligning with the scope of Challenges by presenting innovative solutions in the rapidly evolving field of biomaterials.
Cultura y naturaleza en los pueblos rarámuri. una mirada crítica desde las epistemologías del sur.
Authors: Reyes Vasquez Eduardo Ismael
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad mostrar algunas evidencias sobre cómo los saberes de los pueblos originarios, en el caso de los rarámuri, han sido marginados por las formas de conocimiento hegemónicas. De esta manera, se profundizará en algunos ejemplos sobre cómo su particular entendimiento y visión de la naturaleza puede aportar a la construcción de un conocimiento pluriversal, para establecer vínculos hacia un diálogo que subsuma las formas de dominio en el marco de las epistemologías del sur. El análisis de los conceptos cultura y naturaleza, vistos desde la perspectiva de los pueblos rarámuri, fungirán como base para mostrar la potencialidad de incluir al subalterno en beneficio de la humanidad hacia una traducción intercultural.
Mine Reclamation Practices Influence Emerging Plant Communities in Appalachia, USA
Authors: Klopf S.K. , Zipper C. , Evans D.M. , Fields-Johnson C.
Published: February 2025

Reclamation Highlights:

Native tree survival and growth are improved with less competitive groundcover. Of the variables evaluated in this study, selection of favorable mine soil materials was most influential in improving native tree survival and growth. Invasive species are less abundant where native trees are well established.
The Direction of KH. Ali Yafie's Progressive Islamic Paradigm: An Analysis of the Dialogue's Intersection Between Text and Reality
Authors: Syihabuddin Muhammad , Mubaraq Zulfi , Mustofa M. Lutfi
Published: February 2025

Progressive Islamic KH. Ali Yafie thought’s, who is moderate and contextual, has significance and relevance in facing the challenges of the times in Indonesia. This article aims to understand the direction of Ali Yafie's thinking regarding progressive Islam, in interpreting texts over context, and the production of social fiqh. The method used is a qualitative method based on literature review, with data collection through literature review, especially the main work of KH. Ali Yafie and relevant articles as secondary sources. The analysis technique applied is content analysis. The results of the study show three main things: first, the genealogical of KH's progressive thinking. Ali Yafie in Indonesia was influenced by Indonesia's socio-political developments and the needs of Muslims. Second, the interpretation method of KH. Ali Yafie emphasizes the synergy between texts and social contexts, by presenting interpretations that emphasize the balance of understanding religious texts and social reality. Third, social fiqh in the thought of KH. Ali Yafie aims to achieve social justice through a progressive approach by using fiqh as an instrument to achieve social justice, especially through wealth redistribution, empowerment of marginalized groups, and political participation of Muslims. This article contributes to the understanding of the flexibility of Islam as a religion that is rahmatan lil 'alamin
Simplified radiolabeling process toward rapid photoredox-catalyzed aryl 18F-fluorination and PET tracer development
Authors: Chen Wei , Wang Yueqi , Pan Lili , Lu Kai , Hu Mingxing , Zheng Cheng , Li Mufeng , Xie Yang , Yang Cheng , Sun Hongbao , Wu Xiaoai , Wu haoxing
Published: February 2025

In this work, we established a simplified photoredox-mediated labeling system that allows the rapid aryl 18F-fluorination of electron-neutral and -rich arenes via 19F-18F exchange or/and deoxyfluorination. Notably, this aryl radiofluorination method excludes the cumbersome azeotropic drying procedure and is scalable with the whole eluted 18F- beyond portion synthesis. The nonaqueous tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) solution was identified as an ideal neutral eluent to balance the elution and labeling efficiency in combination with a HPO42- preconditioned anion-exchange resin (AER). Base-sensitive substrates like alkyl halide, tetrazine, and lipophilic cations were able to be directly aryl 18F-labeled under the weak basic conditions. Moreover, this azeotropic drying-free photolabeling method was successfully implemented on a commercial automatic radiosynthesis module. Furthermore, a broad range of unnatural amino-acid derivatives were composed and aryl 18F-labeled under the current system, and the arylglycine derivative 18F-FMPG was found to be a promising PET agent targeting amino acid transporters. Taken together, the mild labeling conditions combined with the simplicity of the reaction setup from all commercially available reagents and inexpensive equipment guarantees the repeatability and wide adoption of this aryl 18F-fluorination method for PET agents and drug discovery.
Subjective Well-being: A Key to Bridge Urbanization, Brain and Mental Health
Authors: Qin Wen , Zhao Zhen , Wei Luli , Lin Liyuan , Li Xin , Xie Yingying , Zhang Yu , Zhao Feng , Liu Nana , Dong Haoyang , Liu Mengge , Chen Yayuan , Zhang Yujie , Zhao Qiyu , Luo Yun , Dong Qiqi , Zhang Xue , Fu Xinglong , Liu Yu , Liang Meng , Xu Jiayuan , Ding Hao , Yu Chunshui
Published: February 2025

The pursuit of happiness is a lifelong endeavor for everyone; nevertheless, elucidating its etiology, neurobiological substrates, and implications for mental health continues to pose significant challenges in contemporary research. This study sought to delineate the causal relationships among subjective well-being (SWB), urbanization, brain, and mental health, and to explore the protective role of SWB against prevalent psychiatric disorders. Utilizing data from 198,823 adults in the UK Biobank, including SWB questionnaires (five items), urban living environments (121 variables), neuroimaging data (2,413 measures), mental health assessments (39 indicators), and ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses (10 disorders), we initially identified two robust SWB components using ten-fold cross-validated factor analysis: internal subjective well-being (ISWB) and social subjective well-being (SSWB). Phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) revealed significant associations between urbanization variables and both ISWB (78/121) and SSWB (59/121); between neuroimaging indicators and both ISWB (416/2,413 measures) and SSWB (77/2,413); and between mental health assessments and both ISWB (38/39 indicators) and SSWB (37/39) (P < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). Sequential mediation analysis uncovered 28 causal pathways from urbanization to brain to SWB to mental health (ISWB: 16 pathways, SSWB: 12 pathways), while the moderated mediation analysis revealed 19 pathways where SWB significantly moderated the urbanization → brain → mental health pathways (14 for ISWB, 5 for SSWB). Finally, Cox proportional hazards survival analysis demonstrated that individuals in the highest ISWB sextile had a 76% reduction in the overall risk of developing 10 mental disorders compared with those in the lowest sextile (Z = -29.49, Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.24, P = 3.93e-191), and SSWB showed a 36% risk reduction (Z = -9.42, HR = 0.64, P = 4.50e-2). Moreover, both SWB components demonstrated the highest protective effects against depression (ISWB: HR = 0.13, SSWB: HR = 0.39). By systematically uncovering the causal pathways through which SWB components differentially participate in the regulation of urban living environments on the human brain, thereby affecting mental health, this study thus provides biological evidence and modifiable SWB indicators for the prevention of common psychiatric disorders.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and incidence of thromboembolic disease – an analysis of the Covid-19 Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study (CRONOS) in Germany
Authors: Pecks Ulrich , Bohlmann Michael K , Andresen Kristin , Büchel Johanna , Bartmann Catharina , Sitter Magdalena , Tihon Anastasia , Kranke Peter , Wöckel Achim , Hollweck Regina , Dressler-Steinbach Iris , Gruessner Susanne , Gruber Teresa M , Eichinger Teresa , Manz Jula , Ruehl Ina M , Lihs Angela , Biermann Anna-Lena , Bauerfeind Lea M , Oberste Kathleen M , Ramsauer Babett , Russe Eveline , Schrey-Petersen Susanne , Erol Filiz Markfeld , Birdir Cahit , Kaup Lisa , Seliger Gregor , Morfeld Christine , Berghaeuser Martin A , Richter Manuela F , Jakubowski Peter , Linnemann Birgit , Rath Werner
Published: February 2025

Purpose
The aim of the present study was to quantify the rate of thromboembolic events (TE) in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and to characterize risk factors to provide a basis for individualized recommendation on prophylactic measures.
Methods
CRONOS is a multicenter, prospective observational study conducted in Germany and Austria during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Data on demographics, medical history, COVID-19-related aspects, and pregnancy and birth outcomes were collected. TE was particularly queried and used as the primary outcome. A combination of “TE,” “maternal or fetal death,” or “severe postpartum hemorrhage” was defined as a secondary endpoint. Risk analyses were performed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.
Results
Data from 8033 pregnant patients showed 40 TEs (0.5% incidence). TE rates were 10% in ICU patients, 0.2–0.4% in those with moderate-to-mild COVID-19, and < 0.1% in asymptomatic women. Pulmonary embolism occurred in 21 cases, deep vein thrombosis in 12, and 7 had atypical or arterial TE. Risk factors included advanced gestational age, COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalization or ICU admission, premature birth, cesarean section, delivery within 4 weeks of infection, higher weight gain, anemia, and chronic inflammatory bowel disease. COVID-19 vaccination reduced risk. The logistic risk model yielded an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.81–0.94).
Conclusion
The TE rate in pregnant women is largely determined by the severity of the disease. In asymptomatic or mild cases, other factors outweigh TE risk, while severe COVID-19 requiring ICU admission poses a high TE risk despite prophylaxis.
Features of joint structure formation between Kovar and stainless steel using Cu-Mn-Co(Fe) brazing alloy
Authors: Maksymova Svitlana , Kovalchuk Petro , Voronov Vitalii
Published: February 2025

The study presents the results of research on the structural formation characteristics of brazed joints between Kovar and corrosion-resistant steel when using brazing alloys of the Cu-Mn-4.5Co-(Fe) system. These characteristics were analyzed depending on the alloy composition and the size of the brazing gap. Metallographic and micro-X-ray spectral studies of dissimilar brazed joints revealed that the use of Cu-Mn-4.5Co and Cu-Mn-Co-2.5Fe alloys results in the formation of joint structures with morphologies that differ significantly from the initial state of the brazing alloys. In both cases, the brazed joints contain a solid solution based on the copper-manganese system. The difference lies in the phases formed: when using the Cu-Mn-4.5Co alloy, a manganese-based phase enriched with iron is formed, whereas the Cu-Mn-Co-2.5Fe alloy leads to the formation of an iron-based phase. It was demonstrated that reducing the brazing gap increases the amount of γ-phase Fex(MnyCozMe), in the joint when using Cu-Mn-4.5Co-2.5Fe, which positively affects the mechanical properties of the joints. This improvement is evidenced by the fracture of samples occurring in the base metal, namely, the corrosion-resistant steel.