bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keanekaragaman Serangga dan Fungsinya pada Tiga Tipe Perkebunan Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) di Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Utari Astarina , Maharani Yani , Sudarjat Sudarjat
Published: February 2025

Keberadaan serangga dalam suatu ekosistem seringkali dianggap sebagai hama, meskipun demikian serangga memiliki fungsi ekologis yang bermanfaat sebagai penyerbuk, pengurai, musuh alami, dan sebagai bioindikator lingkungan. Perbedaan jenis penggunaan lahan pada perkebunan kopi dapat mengakibatkan perbedaan pada struktur komunitas dan fungsi ekologis serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman serangga dan fungsinya pada perkebunan kopi Arabika pemukiman, tumpangsari, dan agroforestri di Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat. Sampel diambil dari tiga perkebunan kopi Arabika di Desa Pulosari dan Margamulya, Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung dengan menetapkan lima titik sampling berukuran 100 m2 dengan jarak antar titik sampling berkisar 10–50 m. Sampel serangga ditangkap menggunakan perangkap ayun, perangkap kuning, dan perangkap Brocap. Sampel yang diperoleh diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi hingga tingkat morfospesies. Serangga yang berhasil dikumpulkan dari perkebunan kopi Arabika berjumlah 607 individu yang memiliki peran fungsional sebagai musuh alami, 47 individu sebagai polinator, 629 individu sebagai dekomposer, dan serangga yang merupakan herbivor berjumlah 2.821 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman serangga pada perkebunan kopi Arabika pemukiman (H’= 2,43) dan tumpangsari (H’= 2,79) memiliki kriteria sedang, sedangkan pada perkebunan kopi Arabika agroforestri (H’= 3,88) memiliki kriteria tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kopi berpotensi sebagai habitat yang mendukung pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati serangga. Meskipun dominasi herbivor ditemukan di ketiga tipe perkebunan kopi, namun keberadaan serangga musuh alami, polinator, dan dekomposer membantu menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem dan mendukung produktivitas pertanian. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan habitat yang tepat dalam praktik budidaya kopi sangat diperlukan untuk mengelola fungsi ekologi yang seimbang.
Dampak Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi terhadap Produktivitas Pangan di Indonesia
Authors: Pratistya Sayu Desty , Suharno Suharno , Buono Agus
Published: February 2025

Permintaan pangan dunia diperkirakan meningkat sebesar 35% - 56% antara tahun 2010-2050, peningkatan permintaan ini terkait dengan adanya perkiraan populasi dunia yang meningkat sebesar 9,8 miliar orang pada tahun 2050. Hal ini menyebabkan perlunya tindakan untuk meningkatkan produksi pangan dunia. Saat ini, inovasi teknologi yang relatif baru adalah teknologi pertanian presisi. Pertanian perisisi bertujuan untuk mengadopsi layanan atau perangkat teknologi Informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) untuk mengumpulkan dan memproses informasi. Pemanfaatan dan penerapan TIK pada bidang pertanian sudah banyak dilakukan oleh berbagai negara seperti Amerika Serikat, Cina, Jepang, dan Afrika. Penerapan teknologi informasi di negara-negara tersebut memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan produktivitas hasil pertanian yang berdampak pada peningkatan pendapatan petani. Di Indonesia, ketahanan pangan selalu menjadi prioritas nasional untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan penduduknya yang terus bertambah, yang saat ini berjumlah 278 juta orang dengan tingkat pertumbuhan tahunan sebesar 1,07%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknologi informasi dan komunikasi terhadap produktivitas pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data skunder dengan memilih satu provinsi di Indonesia yaitu Jawa Timur. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara multistage sampling. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan model Propensity Score Matching (PSM) menunjukan penggunaan internet oleh 65,13% atau 86.751 dari 133.187 rumah tangga petani berpengaruh positif terhadap produktivitas pangan yang dilihat dari sisi produktivitas lahan sebesar 1,34 persen, akan tetapi tidak signifikan secara statistik. Namun, hal tersebut tetap menunjukkan adanya potensi positif yang dapat diperoleh. Kemungkinan, pengaruh penggunaan internet terhadap produktivitas lebih kompleks dan membutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor lain seperti kualitas internet, karakteristik sosial ekonomi petani, dan aksesibilitas infrastruktur.
Inovasi Teknologi Pengendalian Rayap Tanah Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit: Kajian Pemanfaatan Nematoda Patogen Serangga di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani , Ayen Rosalina Yuliana
Published: February 2025

Kalimantan Barat memiliki potensi besar dalam budidaya kelapa sawit, namun petani sering menghadapi tantangan akibat serangan hama, terutama rayap. Kondisi lahan gambut dan iklim setempat memengaruhi biota lokal. Penggunaan nematoda patogen serangga (NPS) sebagai agens pengendalian hayati muncul sebagai solusi inovatif untuk mengatasi infestasi rayap dan meningkatkan produksi secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi, mengidentifikasi, mengisolasi, dan menguji patogenisitas NPS indigenous dari perkebunan kelapa sawit terhadap rayap tanah (Captotermes curvignathus). Nematoda patogen serangga dikoleksi dari rhizosfer tanaman kelapa sawit di Kalimantan Barat. Isolasi, identifikasi dan uji patogenesitas NPS terhadap hama rayap tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian, Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Panca Bhakti Pontianak, sedangkan analisis tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika dan Konservasi Tanah Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2024. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel tanah menggunakan teknik stratified sampling dan isolasi NPS dari tanah rhizosfer kelapa sawit menggunakan metode baiting menggunakan larva Tenebrio molitor. Uji patogenesitas NPS terhadap hama rayap tanah menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) nonfaktorial dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil eksplorasi menemukan NPS dengan kepadatan populasi bervariasi. Tingkat mortalitas  larva T. molitor tertinggi ditemukan di tanah gambut Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Nematoda yang diidentifikasi adalah Steinernema sp., dengan bakteri simbion Xenorabdhus sp. Uji patogenisitas menunjukkan nematoda Steinernema sp. dari Kubu Raya efektif melawan rayap, dengan mortalitas 97,5% pada dosis 400 JI-3/ml. Hasil tersebut hampir setara dengan insektisida fipronil konsentrasi 2 ml/l yang mencapai 100% mortalitas dalam waktu kurang dari 12 jam setelah aplikasi. Gejala infeksi pada rayap ditandai dengan perubahan warna tubuh, pembengkakan abdomen, dan hancurnya tubuh.
Identifikasi Perubahan Suhu dan Curah Hujan serta Korelasinya dengan Produksi Padi di Kabupaten Garut Jawa Barat
Authors: Ruminta Ruminta , Wicaksono Fiky Yulianto , Narmadhia Salsabila
Published: February 2025

Perubahan iklim merupakan ancaman bagi kegiatan budidaya pertanian termasuk budidaya tanaman padi Indonesia. Padi merupakan tanaman serelia yang sangat peka terhadap indikator perubahan iklim sehingga dapat menyebabkan perubahan hasil. Maka dari itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besarnya perubahan curah hujan dan suhu serta korelasinya dengan produktivitas dan produksi padi di Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan analisis regresi, korelasi, dan klimogram yang masing-masing untuk mengetahui pola trend dari perubahan curah hujan dan suhu udara, pengaruh peruhaban curah hujan dan suhu udara terhadap produksi dan produkstivitas tanaman padi, serta kombinasi perubahan curah hujan terhadap suhu udara. Analisis korelasi dilakukan secara temporal selama periode 1982 hingga 2018 dan secara spasial untuk 42 kecamatan di kabupaten Garut. Data yang digunakan meliputi data iklim dan data budidaya tanaman padi yang diperoleh dari Dinas Pertanian, LAPAN, BPS, dan BMKG Kabupaten Garut pada tahun 1982 hingga 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Garut terjadi trend peningkatan curah hujan sebesar 485 mm dan peningkatan suhu udara sebesar 0,2 oC serta pergeseran klimogram dari kiri ke arah kanan yang mengindikasikan perubahan curah hujan yang lebih besar dan perubahan suhu yang relatif kecil. Korelasi secara temporal antara curah hujan dengan luas panen dan produksi padi adalah signifikan dengan koefisien korelasi masing-masing sebesar 0,470 dan 0,385. Korelasi temporal antara suhu udara dengan luas panen, produktivitas, dan produksi padi adalah sigfinikan dengan koefisien korelasi masing-masing sebesar 0,424, 0,420 dan 0,423. Koefisien korelasi secara spasial antara curah hujan dengan produktivitas dan produksi padi di 42 Kecamatan Kabupaten Garut masing-masing berkisar antara 0,350–0,590 dan 0,390–0,794. Koefisien korelasi secara spasial antara suhu udara dengan produktivitas dan produksi padi masing-masing berkisar antara 0,572–0,648 dan antara 0,400–0,790. Fakta ini menunjukkan bahwa perubahan curah hujan dan suhu udara berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas dan produksi padi di Kabupaten Garut.
Deteksi dan Identifikasi Jamur Stemphylium vesicarium pada Tanaman Bawang Putih di Kecamatan Rancabali Kabupaten Bandung Jawa Barat
Authors: Afrilia Hilda Ayu , Hersanti Hersanti , Yulia Endah
Published: February 2025

Stemphylium vesicarium merupakan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina (OPTK) A2 di Indonesia dan dilaporkan dapat menginfeksi spesies Allium, cabai, asparagus, dan pir di beberapa negara. Gejala hawar daun menyerupai infeksi S. vesicarium pada bawang putih ditemukan di Desa Alamendah, Kecamatan Rancabali, Kabupaten Bandung namun belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi S. vesicarium sebagai patogen penyebab penyakit hawar daun pada bawang putih menggunakan pendekatan morfologi dan molekuler. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan berdasarkan pengamatan karakteristik makroskopis dan mikroskopis, sedangkan identifikasi molekuler dilakukan melalui amplifikasi DNA menggunakan primer ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) dengan primer forward ITS1 dan reverse ITS4 serta sekuensing genetik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni hingga September 2024. Pengambilan sampel daun yang terinfeksi S. vesicarium dilakukan di tiga lokasi pertanaman di Desa Alamendah, Kecamatan Rancabali, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat. Isolasi patogen dan identifikasi morfologi dilakukan di Laboratorium Fitopatologi, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Uji patogenesitas pada tanaman bawang putih dilakukan di lahan percobaan di Desa Cikahuripan, Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata persentase kejadian penyakit hawar daun di Desa Alamendah, Kecamatan Rancabali, Kabupaten Bandung adalah sebesar 33,78%, sementara rata-rata persentase keparahan penyakitnya mencapai 10,67%. Isolat yang diperoleh memiliki ciri morfologi khas S. vesicarium, seperti bentuk konidia lonjong dengan sekat transversal dan sekat longitudinal dan tidak terbentuk dalam rantai. Analisis molekuler mengonfirmasi kesesuaian hasil identifikasi dengan urutan gen ITS S. vesicarium yang dilaporkan di basis data genetik. Studi ini berhasil mengidentifikasi S. vesicarium sebagai patogen utama penyebab hawar daun pada tanaman bawang putih.
Development Augmented Reality as a Learning Media for Sensory System Material for Class XI in Biology Learning
Authors: Yunita* Yunita , Ariyanti Nur Aeni , Faikhamta Chatree
Published: February 2025

Biological material, one of which is the sensory system, whose objects are difficult to approach directly, requires more sophisticated learning media. This is because the sensory system learning process still uses 2D-based learning media which is difficult to display biological objects in real terms. Teachers and students need media that can visualize material well and can be accessed flexibly via smartphone. Technology AR, with its characteristics of being able to display objects in more detail in 3D and being able to be used on smartphones, could be a solution. This research aims to develop AR on human sensory system material. This research uses the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Data collection was carried out through expert validation and implementation of student responses. The material expert validation results were 98.25% and the media expert validation results were 89.25% (very good category). The teacher assessment results were 96.75%, and student responses were 83.5% (very good category). Based on these results, it is known that the AR media developed is suitable for use in learning sensory system material in biology learning
The Development Electronic Magazine Based on Contextual Teaching And Learning to Increase Logical Thinking Skills and Curiosity of Students on Body Defense System Learning Material
Authors: Ferella* Elsa , Rakhmawati Anna , Efendi Adhan
Published: February 2025

The learning material about body's defence system is considered difficult by students because it related to mechanisms internals organs and abstract concepts. The attempt that able to create is by increasing logical thinking and curiosity. Nevertheless, the lack of learning media used by teachers does not  support the ability to think logically and curiosity of students. The purpose of this research is to create learning media based contextual teaching and learning (CTL) through electronic magazines that proper, practical, and effective to improving student's logical thinking and curiosity. The procedure used for the research are ADDIE development model consists of five steps, which are analysis, design, development, implementation,  and evaluation. The trial test used a quasi experimental design of nonequivalent control group design. The control and experimental classes were selected using the random sampling method so that there were different numbers of students in each class selected. The trial subjects were divided into control class (35 students) and experimental class (36 students). Based on the results of data analysis revealed that: (1) CTL  electronic magazines is proper to use as learning media with a very worthy category; (2) CTL electronic magazines is practical to use as learning media based on learner responses percentage of learning implementation ≥ 90% with very good category; (3) CTL electronic magazines are proven effective to increased the logical thinking ability and curiosity of students
Interactive Video-Based Learning with Edpuzzle: A Tool for Understanding Intermolecular Forces
Authors: Sailendra Pingkan Ramadhan , Erlina* Erlina , Ulfah Maria , Enawaty Eny , Nizam Dinna Nina Mohd
Published: February 2025

Students often encounter difficulties in understanding abstract chemistry concepts, particularly in the topic of intermolecular forces. These challenges can lead to misconceptions and hinder their understanding of subsequent material. The difficulty in visualizing submicroscopic and symbolic aspects, along with the lack of effective learning media, contributes to these issues. This study aims to assess the validity and responses of students and lecturers towards the interactive animated video on intermolecular forces (VIMFs) assisted by edpuzzle to enhance conceptual understanding. The method used in this is research and development with the ADDIE model. Data collection was conducted through literature review, observation, interviews, and tests (validity instruments and response questionnaires). The developed video was validated by experts in terms of media, content, and language aspects. Response testing was carried out with three lecturers and 9 students in a one-to-one trial, and 21 students in a small group trial. The validity test results showed that the developed instructional video's validity percentage in terms of content and language was 94.9, and 95.2% for media, with an average percentage of 95.05. The average percentage of lecturer responses to the developed video was 93.9, categorized as excellent, while the student responses in the one-to-one trial were 95.9, and 93.4% in the small group trial, both also categorized as excellent. Thus, the interactive animated VIMFs assisted by edpuzzle received excellent responses from both lecturers and students
Classcraft Gamified Problem-Based Learning: How Does It Enhance Collaboration and Critical Thinking Skills?
Authors: Nurohman* Sabar , Prakasita Anindya Rizky , Rahmawati Laifa , Maryanto Allesius , Tyas Rizki Arumning , Borhan Mohamad Termizi bin
Published: February 2025

Conventional science education often fails to develop essential critical thinking and collaboration skills among students. This study investigates the impact of problem-based learning (PBL) augmented by classcraft gamification on enhancing these competencies. Utilizing an experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, data were gathered through pretests, posttests, and collaboration questionnaires. Analysis involved independent sample t-tests, Manova, and effect size calculations. The independent sample t-test demonstrated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p = 0.000 0.05), highlighting the intervention's effectiveness. Additionally, MANOVA results confirmed that the PBL model using classcraft significantly influenced both critical thinking and collaboration skills. With effect sizes of 1.78 and 1.48, the intervention was categorized as having a very high impact. These findings indicate that incorporating classcraft gamification into PBL not only enhances students' critical thinking and collaboration but also promotes a more engaging learning atmosphere. The implications of this study suggest a transformative approach to science education, encouraging educators to embrace innovative methods that cultivate vital 21st-century skills in students. By leveraging gamified learning experiences, educators can better prepare students for the complexities of modern problem-solving and teamwork
The Effect of Project-Based Learning Model with Hybrid Mode on Higher Order Thinking Skills and Social Attitudes of Prospective Physics Teacher Students
Authors: Hikmawati* Hikmawati , Taufik Muhammad , 'Ardhuha Jannatin , Muliadi Irman , Rahayu Satutik , Doyan Aris , Faresta Rangga Alif
Published: February 2025

The project-based learning (PjBL) model with hybrid mode supports higher order thinking skills (HOTS) preparing students to become adaptive, creative, and competent educators in the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the effect of PjBL model with a hybrid mode on HOTS and social attitudes of prospective physics teacher students. This study was conducted on 5th semester students of the physics education study program, University of Mataram, who took the physics curriculum review course. The research design used was a quasi-experiment with a posttest only control group design. The study population included 75 students from class 5A, class 5B, and class 5C in the 2024/2025 academic year. The research subjects were divided into two groups, namely the experimental class (5A) and the control class (5C). The instruments used included a HOTS test and a social attitude questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using one-way Manova statistics. The results showed a significant difference in students' HOTS between the experimental class and the control class with an average HOTS of students in the experimental class of 81, higher than the control class which obtained an average score of 72. However, there was no significant difference in students' social attitudes between the two classes with an average score of social attitudes in the experimental class of 83 and in the control class of 82. This finding indicates that the PjBL model with a hybrid mode is effective in improving students' HOTS, but has little effect on the development of students' social attitudes.
Developing an Instrument to Assess Chemical Literacy for Prospective Chemistry Teachers
Authors: Ardyansyah Ananta , Rahayu* Sri , Munzil Munzil , Yahmin Yahmin , Alsulami Naif Mastoor
Published: February 2025

The lack of instruments designed to assess chemical literacy among prospective chemistry teachers highlights the need for robust tools to support science education. This study develops and validates an instrument to measure chemical literacy, addressing this gap and contributing to improved pedagogical practices. In this study, a chemical literacy instrument for general chemistry was developed, drawing on existing frameworks of chemical literacy. This research employs a development-based approach (RD), encompassing literature review, instrument development, and quality testing. The quality of the instrument was evaluated based on its reliability and validity. The validity was evaluated by expert panel review, difficulty index, discrimination index, and pearson correlation value. In this study, a multiple-choice chemical literacy test instrument was successfully developed using the PISA 2025 scientific literacy framework, resulting in 23 valid items. The PISA framework was chosen for its perceived dynamism compared to other frameworks. The reliability of the developed instrument reached 0.818, indicating that the questions are highly reliable. Future improvements to the instrument are necessary, with a focus on ensuring that all items fully meet the established validity criteria
Improving Student’s Critical Thinking Skills and Sustainability Awareness using Problem Based Learning Model
Authors: Maulina* Dina , Priadi Median Agus , Gustina Melin , Rakhmawati Ismi
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the increase in students' critical thinking skills (CTS) and sustainability awareness in SDGs issue-oriented climate change material using a problem-based learning (PBL) model. This type of research is quantitative research, the research design is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design technique. The research sample consisted of two classes selected using purposive sampling technique. Research data was obtained by providing a pretest and posttest to determine the increase in CTS and an observation sheet to determine students' sustainability awareness data. The pretest-posttest scores in the experimental class using the PBL model obtained an average N-gain score of 0.52, including the medium category. The effect size test also obtained a value of 2.88 with the "large" criterion. The results of the sustainability awareness questionnaire data obtained an average percentage of 81.42% with a frequency of "often or always done". Based on these data, it can be concluded that the PBL model has a significant effect on improving CTS and influences sustainability awareness in climate change material that is oriented to SDGs issues. The use of PBL models can be an effective strategy in improving CTS and instilling sustainability awareness
Development of Project Based Learning STEAM based Water Purifier Educational Kit on Water Pollution to Train Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Sari Shinta Permata , Nugraheni* Dian , Hamimi Erti , Pratiwi Novida , Habiddin Habiddin
Published: February 2025

Critical thinking skills are one of the skills needed in the 21st century. In one of the junior high schools in Pasuruan, students' critical thinking skills are low, so they still need improvement. The goal of this research was the creation of a learning media for an educational kit based on PjBLSTEAM that is considered worthy of being tested for its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in training junior high school students' critical thinking skills on water pollution material. The development procedure was based on the ADDIE model (analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate) with data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and pretest-posttest questions. Data analysis techniques were applied using qualitative descriptive techniques, percentage analysis, validity tests, practicality, and effectiveness tests from the paired sample Ttest and N-Gain tests. The results of the media and material validation tests were shown to meet very valid criteria. The results from the teachers and students' feedback showed a very practical percentage. The media was considered effective, as evidenced by the results of the paired sample t-test, which indicated a difference in students' critical thinking scores before and after treatment, and the N-Gain test results, which showed a medium bar value. This research indicates that the learning media developed was valid, practical, and effective for training students' critical thinking skills
The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality as a Learning Medium in Enhancing Students' Motivation and Their Ability to Analyze Physics Concepts
Authors: Egista* Elfatihan , Haryanto Haryanto , Mustofa Hisbulloh Als
Published: February 2025

One of the primary challenges students face in learning physics is low motivation and a limited ability to analyze physics concepts. This issue is often attributed to traditional teaching methods that heavily rely on textbooks, which may not engage students effectively. This study investigates the effectiveness of augmented reality-based learning media in enhancing students' learning motivation and their ability to analyze physics concepts. A total of 67 students were randomly selected as the research sample. The study employs a quantitative research design using a pretest-posttest approach. Data were analyzed using the N-gain test and multivariate analysis of covariance (Mancova). The findings from the N-gain test indicate a significant improvement in both students' motivation to learn and their ability to analyze physics concepts. Furthermore, the Mancova results demonstrate that augmented reality-based learning media positively influence students' final learning motivation and analytical abilities. These effects are observed after controlling for students' initial learning motivation and baseline concept analysis abilities in physics
Identification of Scientific Knowledge of the Patehan Tradition of Yogyakarta Palace as a Source of Natural Science Learning
Authors: Larassati Annasya Sakha Alika , Suciati* Suciati , Sari Meida Wulan , Silvita Silvita , Prasetyo Opik , Rachman Hening Triandika
Published: February 2025

The integration of local wisdom into science learning faces challenges due to the focus on theoretical understanding rather than real-world applications. Teachers often overlook the potential of local wisdom in science education, and the process of incorporating cultural phenomena as scientific learning topics is perceived as complex. This study aims to identify the scientific knowledge embedded in the "Patehan" tradition of the Yogyakarta Palace. The research follows a qualitative ethnographic approach with a sample of five respondents selected via purposive sampling from the Patehan servants. Data collection involved interviews, observations, and documentation, with internal validation for data accuracy. Data analysis was carried out interactively through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the "Patehan" tradition contains scientific knowledge across four main aspects: biology, physics, chemistry, and earth and space sciences. These findings highlight the potential of local wisdom, such as the "Patehan" tradition, to enhance students' understanding of science concepts
Successful utilization of plasma exchange and corticosteroids in the management of thrombotic microangiopathy and acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to leptospirosis-a case report
Authors: Pothumarthy Swathi Kiran , Tirlangi Praveen Kumar , Saravu Kavitha , Kishore Asish , Acharya Basrur Roopa , Kanur Swamy M. , Gandhamsetty Sreeja
Published: February 2025

Background: Leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection caused by Leptospira bacteria, presents with symptoms ranging from mild flu-like signs to severe multiorgan failure. A rare but serious complication of leptospirosis is thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). This case report discusses the treatment of a 52-year-old female with leptospirosis complicated by TMA, highlighting the effectiveness of plasma exchange and corticosteroids in her recovery.
Case Presentation: A 52-year-old female presented with a five-day history of fever and progressive shortness of breath. Upon
admission, she had tachypnoea, a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) to the fraction of inspiratory oxygen
concentration (FiO2) ratio of 61, and bilateral lung infiltrates, requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and prone positioning.
Laboratory tests revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, schistocytes, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase, suggesting TMA. The
patient also showed elevated liver enzymes and signs of a potential diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, though serological tests for tropical infections, including leptospirosis, were initially negative. The patient was treated with plasma exchange and corticosteroids, leading to improvements in her hematological parameters and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, she developed unexplained blood pressure and heart rate fluctuations, and electroencephalogram confirmed focal seizures, which were treated with levetiracetam and propofol. Subsequent serological testing confirmed leptospirosis with positive Immunoglobulin M antibodies and Leptospira polymerase chain reaction testing. The patient was treated with doxycycline and ceftriaxone, resulting in significant improvement, successful extubation, and eventual discharge.
Conclusion: This case highlights the challenges of managing leptospirosis complicated by TMA and severe ARDS. Plasma
exchange and corticosteroids were essential in the patient’s recovery. The initial delay in diagnosis due to negative serological
tests underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for leptospirosis in severe tropical illness cases with
TMA. The patient’s positive response to treatment, including resolution of seizures and hemodynamic instability, demonstrates
the value of prompt and targeted interventions. The case emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing
complex leptospirosis cases with severe complications.
Pulmonary mucormycosis after heart transplantation: an uncommon case report
Authors: Tuypens Julie , Heggermont Ward , Boel An , Cammu Guy , Beelen Roel
Published: February 2025

Background:
Mucormycosis (MCR) is an uncommon but frequently deadly fungal infection that typically affects individuals with weakened immune systems. Pulmonary mucormycosis, in particular, is most frequently observed in patients who have undergone stem cell or solid organ transplants. The incidence of mucormycosis in solid organ transplant recipients is reported to be 0.07% within the first year. In almost 40% of these transplant patients, including the case we examined, the infection is diagnosed within the first six months after the transplant.
Case Presentation:
We report a rare case of a 67-year-old man who developed pulmonary mucormycosis within six months after undergoing a heart transplant. A bronchoscopy was conducted, and RT-PCR along with cultures of the broncho-alveolar samples tested positive for Mucorales. After consulting with experts from thoracic and vascular surgery, cardiology, pulmonology, and microbiology, and adhering to the expert guidelines, a semi-urgent source control procedure was recommended. This involved performing a thoracoscopic exploration of the right pleura, which was subsequently converted to a lateral thoracotomy, culminating in the resection of the right lower lobe.
Conclusion:
Invasive mucormycosis (MCR) is a rare but serious fungal infection with a high risk of illness and death, particularly in people with underlying health issues or weakened immune systems. The clinical and imaging manifestations can vary among patients based on their immune status and how they contracted the infection. Despite these variations, it is vital to maintain a high level of suspicion for MCR, as early diagnosis and the rapid initiation of surgical and antifungal treatments are critical for improving survival chances.
Effect of Enviromental varieance on Alkaloids Compounds Concentrate of Heliotropium lasiocarpium L.
Authors: Ayyub j. Abdlrahmaan Al-bayaty  , Salma Kh. Yaseen
Published: February 2025

Plants of  Heliotropium  lasiocarpium L. collected from Mesaan, Salahdeen and Sulaimania governorates in order to study the effect of enviromental variance on alkaloids compounds concentration. The plants dried on the shade  then 5 gm of the sample put in the plastic content. The chemical analysis conducted in  the laboratories of Ministry of science and Technology by HPLC apparatus. Results showed that enviromental varieance lead to varieance in the alkaloids concentrate. In mesaan location the concentration were:indicine 0.5%, supinine 22.43%, indicine-N-oxide15.56%, heleurine 23.91%, heliotrine 28.88% and lindelofidine8.69% while on location of salahdeen were: indicine 21.04%, supinine14.9%, indicine-N-oxide16.3%, heleurine15.03%, heliuotrine18.98% andlindelofidine13.7% and the results on sulaimania location were: indicine 17.6%, supinine15.74%, indicine-N-oxide 2.77%. hleurine 21.08%, heliotrine37.08 and lidelofidine5.70%.
Study Habits, Mathematics Performance And Gender Differences Of Agriculture Students Amidst The New Normal
Authors: Travero Arnel , Nagal Cyril John , Herda Rozanah Katrina
Published: February 2025

The paradigm shift caused by the pandemic led the students to adjust their study habits as opposed to what was conventional during face-to-face learning. This study presented the study habits, mathematics performance, and gender differences of Agriculture students during the new normal. The researchers surveyed 193 Agriculture students, enrolled in the first semester of SY 2021-2022, using an adapted questionnaire to assess students’ study habits, and the final examination test to quantify students’ mathematics performance. Mean, standard deviation, correlation analysis, and t-test for independent means were utilized in treating the data. Results showed a moderate positive relationship between students’ study habits and their mathematics performance. With regards to student’s study habits, no significant difference was found between the two sexes; however, female students were found to have significantly performed better in mathematics compared to male students. From these findings, the researchers recommend that students should be encouraged to adopt good study habits as this relates to their performance. Further, instructors should devise strategies that would cater mathematics performance of both sexes.
R&D Based Islamic Religious Education Learning Strategy: Types of Models and Their Role
Authors: Diana Zuhur , Kumala Siti Fatmawati , Sutiah Sutiah
Published: February 2025

The dynamics of education are always faced with problems, both related to government policy and other aspects of the educational component itself. Teachers' problems in teaching, starting from the use of media, methods, and the evaluation process, still often encounter obstacles. Researchers can overcome problems and find solutions scientifically through research and development (R&D). The purpose of writing this article is to explain the R&D research model along with its type and role in PAI learning that requires innovation in the understanding and practice of Islamic values.The data collection method uses library research with data analysis techniques through the process of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that the R&D model is a research method that focuses on developing products in the form of media or methods to improve the quality of learning. There are various types of R&D development models, including the Borg and Gall model, the Sadiman model, the ADDIE model, the Dick & Carey model, and the Ministry of National Education's Pustekkom model. Each development model has steps that are arranged systematically and structured. In general, these types of R&D models have steps that include problem analysis, product development design, implementation, and evaluation. Regarding the implementation, researchers sometimes modify the development model into simpler steps based on needs analysis.
Rehabilitation of the knee following ACL repair and reconstruction: A review of clinical best practices
Authors: Haidar Muhammad Daffa , Mulyawan Rizki , Dewantara Julian , Jurek Joanna Michalina
Published: February 2025

Background and Study Aim. ACL reconstruction is the surgical replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament with a tissue graft to restore knee function. To avoid problems including edema, loss of range of motion, muscle weakness, poor balance, and recovery of knee function, rehabilitation treatment should be performed after surgery. Immediate implementation of open kinetic chain exercises, use of criterion-based progressions for various activities such as running, sprinting, and plyometrics, and implementation of a secondary prevention program. This clinical practice review is to discuss the parameters associated with the rate of phase repair for ACL repair and to guide therapists according to the parameters of postoperative healing.

Material and Methods. The patient presented with a knee brace still in place, swelling and incision marks above the patella, and atrophy of the dextra quadrisep muscle, the patient still had difficulty bending and straightening his right knee, and used crutches to help him walk. The modalities given are massage, electrotherapy (TENS), various exercises (exercise therapy), stretching, and cryotherapy.

Results. There are five phases of rehabilitation: maximal protection, moderate protection, minimum protection (initial strengthening), Neuromuscular Control and Functional Training (strengthening-cardiovascular conditioning), and maintenance and Return to Activity (controlled agility-advanced conditioning). These stages are to help reduce swelling, increase joint range of motion, increase muscle strength, and reduce pain.

Conclusion. Periodization theory should be fundamentally understood by sports rehabilitation professionals, especially physical therapists and sports medicine physicians. So that a safe and organized postoperative procedure can be established.
The effect of the Ayas model to learning individual fast attack and high-order thinking skills of handball for students
Authors:   General Directorate of Education in Najaf / Ministry of Education, Iraq, Hussein Ali Radhi Abdul
Published: February 2025

Background and Study Aim. The significance of this research lies in designing a specialized scale to evaluate advanced cognitive skills related to handball among students. It also examines the impact of the Ayas model on enhancing these higher-order thinking skills and teaching the technique of the individual fast attack in handball. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Ayas Model on learning individual fast attack techniques and higher-order thinking skills in handball among students.

Material and Methods. The experimental method was adopted, involving a sample of 64 third-year students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon. The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group (32 students), taught using the Ayas Model, and a control group (32 students), taught using traditional methods. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to assess the students’ performance in individual fast attack techniques and higher-order thinking skills. . Analysis was assisted using the SPSS application.

Results. The results revealed significant improvements in both groups, with the experimental group demonstrating substantially higher progress. Statistical analysis confirmed the superiority of the Ayas Model in enhancing both technical and cognitive skills, with calculated t-values indicating significant differences in favor of the experimental group (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the Ayas Model is an effective pedagogical approach for improving students’ technical proficiency and cognitive abilities in handball.

Conclusion. The study concludes that integrating interactive, student-centered learning methods can enhance sports education outcomes and promote holistic skill development. This research provides a theoretical and practical foundation for educators and coaches to integrate interactive and student-centered learning approaches to holistically improve physical education outcomes.
Ethnomedicinal, Pharmacological, and Phytochemical Overview of Diplazium esculentum
Authors: Singh Abhishek
Published: February 2025

Diplazium esculentum commonly known as lsquoVegetable fernrsquo or lsquoPakorsquo holds significant traditional medicinal value across tropical and subtropical regions. This comprehensive review synthesizes existing literature to provide an in-depth exploration of its ethnomedicinal pharmacological and phytochemical properties. The ethnomedicinal section elucidates its traditional uses in treating ailments like fever inflammation gastrointestinal disorders and wound healing drawing upon centuries-old indigenous knowledge from diverse cultures. Pharmacologically D. esculentum exhibits multifaceted activities including antioxidant properties antimicrobial effects against a spectrum of pathogens hepatoprotective potential and emerging evidence suggesting antidiabetic activity. Phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of various bioactive compounds notably polyphenols such as flavonoids and phenolic acids triterpenoids alkaloids and saponins which contribute to its therapeutic potential and biological activities. Mechanistic insights delve into molecular pathways elucidating the interactions of D. esculentum bioactives with cellular targets and signalling cascades. Furthermore pharmacokinetic considerations shed light on the absorption distribution metabolism and excretion ADME profiles of its constituents providing critical insights into their bioavailability and pharmacological efficacy. Evaluation of the safety profile through animal studies and clinical trials underscores its potential as a safe therapeutic agent albeit with considerations for dosage and administration. Clinical applications encompass a wide range of conditions including gastrointestinal disorders infectious diseases liver ailments and metabolic disorders suggesting promising avenues for integrative medicine approaches. Formulation strategies and standardization methods are discussed to ensure product quality and consistency while future research directions emphasize the need for mechanistic elucidation clinical validation and sustainable utilization of D. esculentum in both traditional healing practices and modern pharmacotherapy. This review consolidates existing knowledge facilitating a deeper understanding of D. esculentums therapeutic potential and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration for its continued exploration and utilization in global health contexts.
Optimal Timing of Percutaneous Transhepatic Gallbladder Drainage in High-Risk Acute Cholecystitis Patients and Its Impact on Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Mustafe Hidg Sakarie , Samatar Hannan
Published: February 2025

Aim To compare the effect of the timing of Percutaneous Transhepatic Gallbladder Drainage PTGBD intervention on the difficulty of elective Laparoscopic cholecystectomy LC in high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis.Methods A retrospective analysis was used to collect data from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Clinical data of patients treated for acute cholestatic PTGBD between 2017 and 2022 was collected. Thirty cases were included in the early intervention group le2 days and 36 cases in the late intervention group gt2 days. The reasons for tube placement tube placement-related complications surgical difficulty and postoperative pathological findings were compared between the two groups.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age at admission or comorbidities. However significant differences were observed in complications related to time P0.001 intraoperative blood loss P0.017 severe adhesions P0.001 and the conversion rate to open surgery P0.042. The Spearmans correlation coefficient between the interval time from onset and conversion was 0.25 P0.043.Conclusion PTGBD performed within two days of symptom onset may reduce the difficulty of surgery. The conversion in performing LC after PTGBD in patients with acute cholecystitis is positively correlated with the time between performing PTGBD.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Teenage Versus Adult Pregnancies – A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: S Prathima , - Sarojini , T R Ashakiran , K Manasa , BT Bhanu
Published: February 2025

Objectives To assess maternal and neonatal outcomes in teenage versus adult pregnant women and also to compare the sociodemographic characteristics of these women.Methods It was a cross-sectional study conducted at Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute in which 1368 teenage pregnant women and 15605 adult pregnant women were studied for a period of 12 months. Maternal parameters such as sociodemographic details education status parity antenatal complications postpartum complications and mode of delivery were compared. Neonatal parameters compared included gestational age at birth birth weight need for resuscitation neonatal intensive care unit NICU admission and perinatal death.Results The percentage of teenage pregnancies was 8.05. Majority of women in the teenage group were from rural background 68.56 had only primary education 76.68 were primiparous 95 had lesser antenatal visits 52.26 with late initiation of first antenatal visit in second trimester 6505. The occurrence of anaemia 6 hypertensive disorders 17.25 low birth weight 30.26 NICU admissions 24 and perinatal deaths 2.5 was greater in teenage group P value-lt0.0001. Significant differences were noted between the two studied groups regarding sociodemographic characteristics pattern of antenatal care antenatal complications hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and anaemia and neonatal outcomes.Conclusion Teenage pregnancy was found linked to high incidence of maternal and neonatal complications. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality can be minimized in teenage pregnancies by providing education improving their nutritional status socioeconomic status educating them about contraception safe sex practices to avoid unintended pregnancies and by providing them good antenatal care.
The Influence of Childhood Memories on Human Needs in Ishiguro’s "When We Were Orphans"
Authors: Lestari Ramadhani Dinda
Published: February 2025

"When We Were Orphans," a book by Kazuo Ishiguro, examines the complex relationship that develops between early memories and human needs. Through the use of a psychoanalytic framework, the research reveals how Banks' early life experience impacted his adult desires and worldview. Shanghai both before and during the war serves as the backdrop for the story, offering a rich context for analyzing the characters' reactions to loss and displacement. This study investigates how Banks's longings for identity, connection, and a sense of belonging are shaped by nostalgia. This article advances our knowledge of the complex interplay between memories, trauma, and the search for identity in Ishiguro's "When We Were Orphans" by highlighting the story's investigation of these topics.