bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI ANTENA MIKROSTRIP TIGA ARRAY DENGAN STRIPLINE
Authors: Daenuri Edi
Published: August 2017

Telah difabrikasi  antena mikrostrip tiga array dengan stripline yang di cetak  pada substrat  FR4 Double layer  dan dikarakterisasi bekerja pada frekuensi 2,4 GHz. Antena terdiri dari Tiga Array  yang dihubungkan dengan  Stripline. Struktur Antena ini  memiliki ukuran panjang masing-masing array yaitu 30 mm, 25 mm dan 21 mm dengan lebar 3 mm dan jarak antar array adalah 26 mm dan 21.5 mm serta lebar stripline sebesar  1 mm. Hasil karakterisasi pada Frekuensi 2, 4 GHz menunjukkan nilai   return loss  -19.265 dB, VSWR 1.244 dan koefisien refleksi sebesar 0.108. Hal ini  berarti 10,8% sinyal dipantulkan dan 99,02%  sinyal ditransmisikan. Parameter – parameter karakterisasi tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa antena tersebut dapat bekerja sangat baik pada 2,4 GHz.
POSISI ILMU KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU USHULUDDIN DALAM ILMU ISLAM
Authors: Danusiri Danusiri
Published: August 2017

As a lecturer, my job is to teach and to administer course of Islamic philosophy. However, the dynamics of the profession had once required me to serve as a lecturer in public colleges. In this institution, I teach Islamic subjects that are integrated with core content of every study program such as midwifery, nursing, nutrition, health analysts, public health, mathematics, statistics, and medicine. Through deep reflection I discovered the concept of 'basic philosophy of iqra', a term borrowed from Quraish Shihab, that derived from QS.Al-"Alaq :1-5.
The concept was implemented through the activities of reading both qur’anic verses (quraniyyah) and kauniyyah verses, as the interpretation of the phrase mâ khalaqa. The results of reading can be in the form of something, or a concept or variable(s). If there is a basic relationship between two or more things, between two or more concepts, between two or more variables, then the theory exists. A set of theories that is cognate in the sense of similarity within “the body of knowledge" will bear a science. In principle there is only one science and is derived from Allah in His capacity as al-'Alîm and is taught to man,' allamal insanâna mâ lam ya'lam '. Furthermore, the science will develop in line with the human activities due to continued reading activities which can be sequenced further in the conceptualization, theorization, and saintification. Therefore the science is growing and growing into several branches and continues to cross the borders. At this level, the figure of a science is much more specific. Ushuluddin science seems to be unrelated to medical science, but they actually have the same root i.e., the genealogical structure, namely al-'Alîm. and its implication is that the dichotomy of religion versus general science is really just a myth.
AUDIOBOOK ISLAMI UNTUK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS SLB KATEGORI A
Authors: Handayani Maya Rini
Published: August 2017

The Indonesian government has launched a 9-year compulsory education program for all students in Indonesia. The word "all" should have been touching all levels of society including the blind students. However, the fact shows different condition. Many schools still refuse to accept the blind students. In addition, some facilities like braille books for the blind students are also still limited while these books become the main pillar of education. They still become such "luxury stuffs" for the blind students in Indonesia.

The cost of producing Braille books equals with fourfold financing regular books. This is because the Braille books need heavier papers, approximately 120 grams for every sheet of paper. To resolve this problem is by creating an audiobook or better known as a "voiced book" for the blind students. The extraordinary school (SLB) of category A is an outstanding school specifying for the blind students in Semarang who desperately need an audiobook.
This audiobook has many benefits for the blind students of SLB category A. Firstly, it facilitates the students to "read" a book through the hearing sense. Secondly, it minimizes the cost of school expenditures in the book procurement both regular books for teachers or braille books for students. At last, it supports the government program of campaigning ”paperless office”.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP DAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN PAIKEM BERBASIS ICT BAGI GURU MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH (MI)
Authors: Romadiastri Yulia
Published: August 2017

To improve the quality of mathematics learning, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in district  Ngaliyan  has conducted  various types of activities, one of the efforts was to form a working group on teachers (KKG). As a result,  madrasah  teacher  empowerment  especially in  mathematics  learning both in concept  and mastery learning methodologies are not as expected.  KKG as formal institution that hosts MI teachers need to be empowered with the support of various parties. Problems occurred  was a classroom teacher MI less mastered the concept of  integrative  mathematics so there was some misconception of the material  and they also has limited knowledge of the variation of  mathematics  learning method in a fun, meaningful and engaging the liveliness of the learners according scientific approach. The phases program public service performed are: (1) brainstorming and (2) training. The result of these  outreach programs include: training  PAIKEM Learning and Contextual  ICT Media for the teachers who are members of KKG MI  Subdistrict  Ngaliyan goeswell. Participants who attend the training look very  enthusiastic  because  theyrarely  get  similar  training.

From the results of training obtained by awide range of new knowledge  about learning math in an active and funway.  Producing a contextual ICT media for learning mathematics. Brainstorming is done against the commitee of KKG MI Ngaliyan and greeted with enthusiasm, especially with the offer of assistance and cooperation with the Department of Mathematics Education of the Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Walisongo Semarang.
SAINTIFIK-VISINGATAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN MATERI GELOMBANG PADA SISWA KELAS XI TKR 1 SEMESTER 1 SMK NEGERI 3 SEMARANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2014/2015
Authors: Mahzum Mahzum
Published: August 2017

Rumusan masalah penelitian ini bagaimana proses mengaplikasikan pendekatan pembelajaran saintifik berbatuan media VISINGATAN untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan  gelombang pada siswa kelas XI TKR 1 Semester 1 SMK Negeri 3 Semarang tahun pelajaran 2014/2015?. Desain penelitian menggunakan 2 siklus yang terdiri dari perencanaa, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi.Terjadi peningkatan  rata-rata nilai  sikap 76,21,  nilai keterampilan 76,67, nilai pengetahuan 76,52 pada siklus pertama menjadi  rata-rata nilai  sikap  80,31, nilai keterampilan  81,52, nilai pengetahuan 80,30 pada siklus kedua.
Dampak Strategi Problem Posing terhadap Critical Literacy Siswa SLB
Authors: Rusilowati Anisa Sholihah, Ani
Published: August 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dampak strategi problem posing terhadapcritical literacysiswa sekolah luar biasa (SLB). Subjek Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan Single Subject Research Design yaitu satu siswa SLBtipe D(Tunadaksa) kelas VII SLB Purwosari, Kudus. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua fase yaitu: (1) Fase Baseline “A”, observasi atau melakukan pengukuran no intervation pada Prosen belajar mengajar (PBM) oleh guru kelas di dalam kelas integrasi untuk melihat keadaan/perilaku awal; (2) Fase Intervention “B”, eksperimen atau pemberian perlakuan hanya terhadap subjek penelitian untuk melihat perubahan yang terjadi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis visual dan diskriptif.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PRAKTIKUM BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PADA PRAKTIKUM ELEKTRONIKA DASAR I MATERI DIODA II MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN FISIKA UIN WALISONGO TAHUN 2015
Authors: Agus Sudarmanto M. Najib Mustaqim Wenty Dwi Yuniarti
Published: August 2017

Modul praktikum merupakan bentuk bahan ajar yang digunakan mahasiswa sebagai panduan dalambelajar praktikum secara mandiri.Modul belum sepenuhnya memudahkan mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan praktikumdanditemukan kesalahan memahami prosedur kerja, terutama pada modul Praktikum Elektronika Dasar I materi Dioda II(sebagai penyearah). Oleh karena itu peneliti mengembangkan modul berbasis multimedia interaktif yang memberi gambaran Praktikum Elektronika Dasar I Materi Dioda II.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R D (Research and Development) dengan prosedur  pengembangan yaitu (1) Analisis kebutuhan, (2) Perancangan, (3) Pembuatan, (4) Pengujian, (5) Pengoperasian dan Pemeliharaan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 mahasiswa pra-penelitian, 4 Dosen penilai, 2 mahasiswa uji terbatas dan 13 mahasiswa uji luas. Teknik pengumpulan data  menggunakan  teknik  observasi, dokumentasi,dan  angket.  Teknik  analisis  data  yang digunakan menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif.Hasil penelitian Pengembangan Modul Praktikum BerbasisMultimedia Interaktif pada Praktikum  Elektronika Dasar I Materi Dioda II  Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika UIN Walisongo Tahun 2015 diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil uji keseluruhan 3,59 dan persentase keidealan 83% dengan rincian dari uji ahli bahan ajar sebesar 3,92 dan persentase keidealan 78%, dari uji ahli media sebesar 3,71 dan persentase keidealan 75%, dari dosen pengampu praktikum sebesar 3,72 dan persentase keidealan 94%, dari uji lapangan terbatas sebesar 3,30 dan persentase keidealan 83% dan dari uji lapangan luas sebesar 3,32 dengan persentase keidealan 83%. Dari data tersebut maka modul praktikum berbasis multimedia interaktif sangat baik digunakan mahasiswa sebagai panduan dalam melaksanakan praktikum.
DERADIKALISASI AGAMA DALAM PEMAHAMAN TEKS-TEKS LITERATUR PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN
Authors: Ibrahim Rustam
Published: August 2017

The author’s interest in researching on de-radicalization of religion in the literature of islamic boarding school education was driven by the fact that religion de-radicalization are now starting to touch many aspects of society. Religious radicalism is often associated with terrorism, such as suicide bombers under the pretext of jihad (martyrdom), violence in the name of amar ma'ruf-nahy munkar (commanding the good and forbidding the evil), even now starting to organize religious radicalism in the establishment of the state. Ironically, some of the perpetrators of terrorism are graduates of boarding schools. This is due to the fact that there are several texts in the literature of boarding school education that are vulnerable to radical behaviors, such as jihad, commanding the good, or fighting against non-Muslims. It makes boarding schools are negatively affected despite the fact that they are institutions of Islamic education in Indonesia who spread the teachings of Islam which is rahmatan lil Alamin (blessing for the universe), tolerant, and contextual. Therefore, this study wanted to know about de-radicalization of religion in the understanding of texts in the literature of boarding school education, particularly related to the meaning of jihad, commanding the good, and Islam as the blessing for the universe.

This research uses library research, which is a pure literature research. This method is used for obtaining data on de-radicalization in the view of boarding schools using descriptive approach. This research is a study on religious teachings in relation to society, nature, character, and the influence of the thoughts and ideas in forming the character of a group.

De-radicalization of religion in the literature of boarding schools includes several things. First, boarding schools should not teach jihad with war, but with education. Next, the applications of amar ma'ruf-nahy munkar must be done through certain stages, so that the direction fits the condition of the object of the missionary endeavor. Violence must not be used as long as it is still possible to use subtle ways since violence is only legalized when the situation is extremely urgent.

Keywords: De-radicalisation of Religion, Text, Literature, Boarding School
ETIKA POLITIK DALAM ISLAM
Authors: IN’AMUZZAHIDIN MUH.
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Dalam dunia politik praktis, terkesan tidak ada etikanya. Karena yang dikejar adalah tercapainya tujuan politik dengan segala cara. Namun dalam Islam, ada etika politik yang telah dibangun oleh para pemikir muslim, seperti Ibn Abi Rabi’ al-Farabi al-Mawardi Ibn Taymiyyah, dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan renungan, acuan, dan evaluasi terhadap kehidupan politik yang ada, tak terkecuali kehidupan berpolitik di Indonesia, sekaligus diterapkan secara riil dalam panggung politik, dengan multi-interpretasinya. Dengan beretika dalam politik, diharapkan kehidupan politik yang ada menjadi lebih santun dan membawa kemaslahatan bagi rakyat.

Keyword: etika, politik, al-siyâsah, ahl al-‘aqd wa al-hal
Analysis of low flow indices under varying climatic conditions in Poland
Authors: Osuch Marzena , Romanowicz Renata , Wong Wai K.
Published: August 2017

Changes in low flow indices under future climates are estimated for eight catchments in Poland. A simulation approach is used to derive daily flows under changing climatic conditions, following RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios. The HBV rainfall–runoff model is used to simulate low flows. The model is calibrated and validated using streamflow observations from periods 1971–2000 and 2001–2010. Two objective functions are used for calibration: Nash–Sutcliffe and log transformed Nash–Sutcliffe. Finally, the models are run using the bias-corrected precipitation and temperature data simulated by GCM/RCM models for the periods 2021–2050 and 2071–2100. We estimate low flow indices for the simulated time series, including annual minima of 7-day mean river flows and number, severity and duration of low flow events. We quantify the biases of low flow indices by N-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis and Tukey test. Results indicate a large effect of climate models, as well as objective functions, on the low flow indices obtained. A comparison of indices from the two future periods with the reference period 1971–2000 confirms the trends obtained in previous studies, in the form of a projected decrease in the frequency and intensity of low flow events.
Estuarine turbidity maximum in six tropical minor rivers, central west coast of India
Authors: Fernandes Lina L. , Purnachandra Rao V. , Kessarkar Pratima M. , Suresh Suja
Published: August 2017

Understanding patterns of erosion and sedimentation and their driving mechanisms is important for formulating a variety of estuarine management issues (conservation, shoreline protection, navigation, dredging and embanking). Therefore, the present study aims to determine the factors influencing the seasonal distribution and dynamics of suspended particulate matter (SPM) of two meso-(Mandovi and Zuari) and four micro-tidal (Terekhol, Chapora, Sal, and Talpona) river estuaries of Goa, on the central west coast of India. These estuaries exhibited salinity stratification near their mouths during the wet season and well-mixed water columns during the dry season. The SPM concentrations were two times higher in the wet season than in the dry season. Estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) was a consistent feature in both the seasons at the mouth of the estuaries, except in the estuary of the Sal River. The in situ vertical distribution of SPM volume concentration and mean particle size allowed for a better visualization of the ETM formation and distribution. The gravitational circulation as well as flocculation at the salt–freshwater interface during the wet season and the impact of tidal and wind-induced currents at the river mouths during the dry season were primarily responsible for the formation of the ETMs.
Numerical experiments on stagnation points influenced by the Three Gorges Dam in the Yangtze Estuary
Authors: Han Jianqiao , Huang Libing
Published: August 2017

In order to study the changes of stagnation points in the Yangtze Estuary influenced by the Three Gorges Dam operation, 3-D hydrodynamic and sediment transport model ECOMSED was used to simulate the dynamic process of flow varying with the river discharge and tide of the Yangtze Estuary. The results show that the location of stagnation points varied markedly in different areas after the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam, with the large extent of downward movement during flood periods due to the hydrodynamic enhancement of the Yangtze River in the North Branch, while the movement range was smaller in the South Branch. Along with the runoff changes, the variation extent from big to small is North Channel, South Passage and North Passage, while the rank order changed as South Passage, North Channel and North Passage as valued by the tidal changes. After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam, the movement range of stagnation points reduced because of the reduction in river discharge. Thus, it can be considered that the turbidity maximum zone has a decreasing trend which might lead to changes in geomorphic features of the Yangtze Estuary.
Evaluating of oral and salivary conditions of two specific groups of workers
Authors: Pizzatto Eduardo , Paula Nicolae Carvalho  de , Bruzamolin Carolina Dea , Tomazinho Paulo H. , Pizzatto Luciane Variani , Zaitter Wellington M.
Published: August 2017

Introduction and Objective: Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic oral diseases found in industrial countries and is a multifactorial disease which has sugar as a key dietary factor. The amount of saliva concentration and presence of cariogenic bacteria will favor the development of caries. Because of this, the aim of this study was to collect and analyze data on oral alterations referred to tooth decay, oral pH changes, and changes of the oral microbiota in two distinct groups of workers. Material and methods: 30 individuals belonging to two different groups of workers: group A (GA) – workers who maintain daily contact with the confectionery; group B (GB) – workers who do not have such contact. Saliva collection was done by analysis of the salivary pH in both groups, as well as cultivation of Lactobacillus spp and S. mutans. We also evaluate the dental status of individuals belonging to the two groups through the DMFT index. Results: After the examinations of 30 workers (17 from the GA [9 men and 8 women] and 13 in the GB [7 men and 6 women]), the mean DMFT of the individuals in the group A and group B, was 7.41 (SD 5.14) 7.08 (SD 5.56), respectively, without statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The count of S. mutans and Lactobacillus spp, was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between presence of dental caries and the fact that workers are in contact with sugar because they work on candy food industry, but new studies are needed for more precise research.
Health-related quality of life of patients undergoing rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses
Authors: Klingenfuss Monalisa  Klingenfuss , Leonardi Denise Piotto , Losso Estela Maris , Deliberador Tatiana Miranda , Ornaghi Bárbara Pick
Published: August 2017

The success of oral reabilitation treatment depend on the re-establishment of the masticatory function and oral comfort of the patient. Objective: To evaluate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients undergoing rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses by Oral Health Impact Profile - short form questionnaire (OHIP-14) and a questionnaire associated to the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Material and methods: Fourteen patients requiring implant-supported prostheses on anterior region were asked to complete the OHIP-14 before, 1 and 3 months, and the VAS questionnaire, 1 and 3 months after the prosthesis installation (sample group). Moreover, fourteen complete dentate patients were asked to complete the OHIP-14 (control group). For each OHIP-14 category, the sample group’s answers were compared between the evaluation periods by the Kruskal-Wallis test, and to the control group’s answers by the U-test. The answers of the questionnaire associated to VAS were compared between the evaluation periods by t-test ( α=0.05). Results: For OHIP-14, there was no statistical difference between the answers after 1 and 3 months; however, there was difference among the answers of baseline, and 1 and 3 months after the prostheses installation, excepted for functional limitation. Comparing to the control group, before the prostheses installation, there was statistical difference for functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical and psychological disability; and, there was no difference after 3 months of prostheses installation. For the questionnaire associated to the VAS, there was no statistical difference between the responses for both evaluation periods, excepted for the prosthesis’ comfort and stability. Conclusion: The rehabilitated patients showed a significant improvement in function, aesthetics, self-esteem, and the quality of life.
Knowledge of dentists on child abuse in two Brazilian southern cities Cintia
Authors: De Mello Cintia Rejane da Silveira , Moletta Leticia Brandalise , Dea Bruzamolin Carolina , Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão , Pizzatto Eduardo , Zaitter Wellington Menirval
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The child abuse against children and teenagers is relevant and the dentist has a fundamental role in the process of identification of suspected cases. Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge of the dentists about child/teenager abuse and the attitude towards identified cases, in the cities of Rio Negro (Paraná, Brazil) and Mafra (Santa Catarina, Brazil). Material and methods: Questionnaires were applied to 44 professionals of these cities, whopracticed in private and/or public health service. The questions covered the profile of respondents regarding gender, institution (public or private), level of education, practicing time and place. The information on abuse comprised the level of information about violence and knowledge on the compulsory notification of suspected cases. Results: Regarding the cases of abuse, 34% of the sampledealt with this situation. Almost half of respondents (47.7%) reported being able to recognize the typical lesions of child abuse, yet only 32% felt trained to do so. Only 22.7% reported having training to detect suspected cases. And 91% said they would notice the Guardian Council. About 48% confirmed they had knowledge of the legal implications in case of omission. Conclusion: Most of the dentists had insufficient knowledge about child abuse. However, the dentistsknow how to deal with such a situation. Continuing education seems to be an appropriate strategy to promote professional knowledge on the subject. It is also suggested the implementation of a national protocol to facilitate notifications and the classification of abuse types.
Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) in childhood: surgical treatment by maintaining the tooth germs
Authors: Cavalcante Rafael Correia , Cotait de Lucas Corso Paola Fernanda , Pinto Lisboa Dias Tuany Rayra , Schramm Eduarda , Couto de Souza Paulo Henrique , Barbosa Rebellato Nelson Luis , Da Costa Delson João , Scariot Rafaela Scariot
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) is a nonneoplasticbenign process, of unknown etiology, more common in children and young adults. When aggressive, the lesion may result in considerable bone destruction and deformation. Oral and Maxillofacial surgery strongly depends on the nature of injury and it may vary from more conservative to more aggressive approach. Case report: The aim of the present study is to report and analyze, a giant cellcentral lesion in a 7-year-old patient on the right side of mandible body treated by surgical enucleation, curettage, and maintenance of the tooth germs. Discussion: In less aggressive lesions, curettage followed by radiographic monitoring is the most widely suggested treatment choice. However, the “gold standard” for aggressive and deforming lesions would be en-bloc resection with a safety margin. Most revisions show recurrence rates of 15 to 20%, thus clinicalmonitoring is necessary at least one year after the intervention. Conclusion: After 12 months, panoramic radiograph and computed tomography indicated new bone formation and no recurrence. In addition, good healing of soft tissues and correct eruption of the teeth #42, #43 and #44 were observed.
Shilajit (Mumie): Current Status of Biochemical, Therapeutic and Clinical Advances
Authors: Mishra Tanuja , Dhaliwal Harcharan S. , Singh Karan , Singh Nasib
Published: August 2017

Background: Shilajit (mumie), a natural multi-component herbomineral ethnomedicinal
food, is used as a traditional medicine for enhancing the quality of life and for management of health
ailments in many countries of the world. Use of Shilajit as an adaptogen, aphrodisiac, rejuvenator and
anti-aging substance is mentioned in many ancient texts. This review aims to provide comprehensive
insights into its biochemical aspects, microbial role in biosynthesis, bioactivities and to establish correlation
between traditional uses and scientifically validated research findings.

Methods:

Scientific literature and ethnopharmacological information were compiled from the published
peer-reviewed articles, unpublished materials, thesis, books, patent databases, clinical trial registries
and from the websites of research councils of traditional medicine. The scientific databases,
thesis repositories and books databases were searched with keywords Shilajit, mumie, mumijo,
salajeet, asphaltum, fulvic acid, dibenzo-alpha-pyrones etc.

Results:

Scientifically validated research and ancient texts suggest multifaceted benefits of Shilajit. It
is endowed with anti-stress, memory and energy enhancing, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic,
spermatogenic, neuroprotective, antiulcer and wound healing activities. These pharmacological
effects are mainly attributed to the presence of humic acid, fulvic acid, dibenzo-α-pyrones, dibenzo-
α-pyrones chromoproteins and trace elements.

Conclusion:

This review summarizes the traditional importance of Shilajit for the treatment and prevention
of several acute and chronic diseases and health ailments. Despite numerous health claims,
there are still major gaps in our understanding of its mechanism of action, variability in efficacy and
toxicity profile. Therefore, a coordinated interdisciplinary approach is needed to establish the underlying
mechanisms of action, comprehensive toxicological profile, pharmacokinetics parameters and effects
on different organ systems. Regulatory and governmental impetus to basic and clinical research,
safety testing and formulations quality control is warranted.
Efficiency and Competition in the Malaysian Banking Market: Foreign versus Domestic Banks
Authors: Ab-Rahim Rossazana
Published: August 2017

The aim of this paper is to investigate efficiency performance of Malaysian banking market using data envelopment analysis approach in the context of the increasing presence of foreign banks. Specifically, two measures of efficiency are constructed, cost and profit efficiency by utilizing bank-level data of Malaysian commercial banks, over the period 2003 to 2014. The results obtained show the domestic banks are more efficient than the foreign banks counterparts for both measures of efficiency. Next, the Lerner Index approach is employed to measure competition and finally, Granger causality tests are undertaken to answer the question, does competition foster efficiency? The results of causality tests support a positive effect of competition on cost and profit efficiency of Malaysian banks. With regard to the financial liberalization, the findings imply that higher competitive pressure may be offset the market power of individual banks; however, eventually it will results in efficiency gains of Malaysian banks.
Sampul Depan 35 1 2017
Authors: Santi Santi
Published: August 2017

Sampul Depan 35 1 2017
Cytotoxicity of a titanium alloy coated with hydroxyapatite by plasma jet deposition
Authors: Magic Marko , Colovic Bozana , Jokanovic Vukoman , Vasilijic Sasa , Markovic Milan , Vucevic Dragana , Rudolf Rebeka , Colic Snjezana , Colic Miodrag
Published: August 2017

Background/Aim. The deposition of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on the surface of titanium (Ti) alloys enhances bioactivity and osseointegration of the alloys which are widely used as implant materials in dentistry and orthopaedic surgery. However, the stability of HAP and subsequent biocompatibility of such alloys depends on the coating technique. The aim of this work was to test the cytotoxicity of a Ti alloy (Ti6Al4V), coated with HAP by a new plasma deposition method. Methods. The Ti6Al4V samples prepared as discs, 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness, were coated with HAP (one or both sides of the alloy) by an innovative atmospheric plasma jet method. The cytotoxicity of uncoated and HAP coated Ti6Al4V samples was evaluated by examining the morphological changes and viability of L929 fibroblasts in direct contact with the test materials. Adequate negative (polystyrene) and positive (nickel) control discs of the same size were used. The indirect cytotoxicity was determined by cultivating L929 cells with conditioning medium (CM), prepared as extract of the test samples incubated in the complete Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium for cell cultures. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated based on the degree of metabolic activity, necrosis, apoptosis and proliferation of L929 cells, using the appropriate assays. Results. Uncoated and one side HAP coated Ti6Al4V alloys were classified as non-cytotoxic according to the current ISO 10993-5 criteria, whereas two sides HAP coated Ti6Al4V alloy samples were slightlymoderate cytotoxic. The cytotoxicity manifested as the inhibition of metabolic activity and proliferation of L929 cells as well as the induction of their apoptosis and necrosis was significantly reduced by conditioning of HAP/Ti6Al4V alloys for 24 hours. The cytotoxic effect of HAP/Ti6Al4V CM only partly decreased in the presence of nifelate, a calcium (Ca) channel blocker, suggesting that Ca ions were not the only responsible cytotoxic agent. Conclusion. The original HAP coating procedure by atmospheric plasma spraying with high energy input enables the production of the stable adhesive coatings on Ti6Al4V alloys. Their cytotoxicity, which depends on the quantity of HAP coating layer, could be significantly reduced up to the non-cytotoxic level by prior conditioning of the alloys in culture medium. Such a procedure, which removes leachable toxic components, could be useful before implantation of HAP coated alloys in vivo.
Wärtsilä Digital Design Platform
Authors: Könnö Juho , Tienhaara Hannu , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

We present a methodology for systematically using an SPDM platform as the cornerstone of product development. The target is to base product development on clearly defined targets and requirements in different phases of the product development lifecycle. This is achieved by means of a data-centered approach where all data is retained in a digital form in the platform. Instead of reporting, users are provided with different views to the same data. We will demonstrate how a static document-based validation system can be replaced by a common validation data platform. In addition, we aim to base the validation requirements on a reliability analysis workflow.

In this case, the platform is used not only to handle the simulation data but to encompass the whole product validation scope. To this end, we show how to couple requirements to the simulations and handle all the design decision data together with the simulations and use these to drive the design. In addition, we present ways to replace simulation reports with dynamic dashboards. To complete the loop, we touch the topic of PLM integration as a tool for assuring completeness of validation data in the product lifecycle.

The motivation for the activity is a dramatic reduction in product development time based on a possibly somewhat longer concept phase but less iterations during the detail design phase. We will also present decision making based on data stored in the platform as well as demonstrate the data-centered approach to validation data. In addition, other benefits such as the re-use of data and simulation workflows along with the automatically handled data management are demonstrated. To conclude, some end user opinions and experiences in adopting a new system will be presented.

Future developments will include moving also the physical testing data and coupling that with the corresponding simulations and validation requirements.
Non-idealities in fretting contacts
Authors: Hintikka Jouko , Juoksukangas Janne , Lehtovaara Arto , Frondelius Tero , Mäntylä Antti
Published: August 2017

There is direct link between non-idealities in fretting wear, friction and fretting fatigue, especially in the case of adhesion spots. Friction is not a constant and varies as a function of load cycles and non-Coulomb friction may occur. Fretting wear may lead to material transfer, resulting in tangential fretting scar interactions, and in the long run, wear debris is entrapped and cumulated in the interface. Fatigue failure can occur at low nominal stress amplitudes due to non-Coulomb effects. Novel tools are required component design to fully capture these non-ideal phenomena.
IFC-tiedostomuodon käyttö FEM-mallinnuksessa
Authors: Raiskila Markku , Tuikka Joona
Published: August 2017

Artikkelissa esitetään tiivistetysti rakennelaskennan eteneminen lähtien arkkitehdin luomasta IFC-tiedostosta globaalin FEM-laskentamallin kautta rakenneosien yksityiskohtaisempaan FEM-laskentaan.
Large bore engine connecting rod fretting analysis
Authors: Mäntylä Antti , Göös Jussi , Leppänen Anton , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

A detailed contact analysis of a large connecting rod was performed to evaluatethe fretting risk in the big end. Simulation was carried out in Abaqus considering all relevantboundary conditions, such as assembly loads, housing machining and dynamics from a exiblemultibody simulation with elastohydrodynamic bearings. Being one of the most importantvariables, the local coeffcient of friction (COF) and its evolution is calculated during the solutionby using a subroutine in Abaqus. The model is validated by strain gauge measurements in arunning engine. The resulted friction coefficient distribution matches well with the ndings froma laboratory engine. The described methodology increases the accuracy of the fretting damageprediction by using a more realistic friction coefficient denition.
Design approaches for additive manufactured components, with a focus on selective laser melting
Authors: Komi Erin , Kokkonen Petteri
Published: August 2017

Additive manufacturing (AM) of metal components is characterized by the joining of material particles or feedstock to make parts described by 3D model data in typically a layer by layer fashion [1]. These modern and constantly improving manufacturing techniques inherently allow far more geometric freedom than traditional “subtractive” manufacturing processes, and thus necessitate novel approaches to component design. Careful utilization of this geometric freedom can be translated into products characterized by improved functionality and performance, simplified assemblies, are customizable, and/or lightweight [2-5]. This paper provides a brief overview design approaches, manufacturing limitations, and available tools for successful design of additive manufactured components, with special attention paid to the selective laser melting (SLM) approach.
Elastohydrodynamic simulation of the slider bearing
Authors: Bai Liang , Kuivaniemi Teemu , Halla-aho Pasi , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

This article describes the elastohydrodynamic simulation of the slider bearing in a bearing test rig and investigates the root cause for the phenomena observed from the rig test.
Fretting-säröjen etenemisen tutkiminen murtumis-mekaniikan avulla
Authors: Niva Juho Eemeli
Published: August 2017

Paperikoneen telan päätyliitokseen ydintyvien fretting-säröjen eteneemistä tutkittiin murtumismekaniikan avulla, soveltaen kolmiulotteista FEM-laskentaa jännitysintensiteettikertoimen  ja sen vaihteluvälin  määrittämiseksi. Analyysi osoitti parametrien kasvukehityksen hidastuvan ja jopa kääntyvän laskuun särön kärjen edetessä riittävän syvälle telavaipan seinämässä. Säröjen kasvunopeuden kannalta tämä tarkoittaa vähintäänkin merkittävää hidastumista, mutta myös pysähtyminen on mahdollinen.
W4L20 VEBIC Genset Dynamics - Baseframe Design
Authors: Korpela Antti , Jokinen Marko , Kuivaniemi Teemu , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

This article describes the dynamic design of W4L20 VEBIC Genset, which consist engine, generator and baseframe. The engine creates the main excitations of the system. The eigenmodes of the Genset have to be adjusted by modifying the baseframe dimensions, so that the excitations are not in resonance with the eigenmodes. Eventually a feasible design has been found and shortly presented.
Dynamic Gear Wheel Simulations using Multibody Dynamics
Authors: Kuivaniemi Teemu , Mäntylä Antti , Väisänen Ilkka , Korpela Antti , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

Simulation of the gear train is an important part of the dynamic simulation of the power train of a medium speed diesel engine. In this paper, the advantages of dynamic gear wheel simulation as a part of the flexible multibody simulation of a complete power train are described. The simulation is performed using AVL EXCITE Power Unit.
Artificial neural networks models for rate of penetration prediction in rock drilling
Authors: Fathipour Azar Hadi , Saksala Timo , Jalali Seyed-Mohammad Esmaiel
Published: August 2017

Prediction of the rate of penetration (ROP) is an important task in drilling economical assessments of mining and construction projects. In this paper, the predictability of the ROP for percussive drills was investigated using the artificial neural networks (ANNs) and the linear multivariate regression analysis. The “power pack” frequency, the revolution per minute (RPM), the feed pressure, the hammer frequency, and the impact energy were considered as input parameters. The results indicate that the ANN with the regression model predicts the ROP under different conditions with high accuracy. It also demonstrates that the ANN approach is a beneficial tool that can reduce cost, time and enhance structure reliability.
A posteriori analysis of classical plate elements
Authors: Gustafsson Tom , Stenberg Rolf , Videman Juha
Published: August 2017

We outline the results of our recent article on the a posteriori error analysis of C1 finite elements for the classical Kirchhoff plate model with general boundary conditions. Numerical examples are given.
X-ray micro-tomography based FEM modelling of hygroexpansion in PLA composites reinforced with birch pulp fibers
Authors: Fortino Stefania , Sippola Merja , Andersson Tom , Immonen Kirsi , Miettinen Arttu , Hradil Petr
Published: August 2017

This article presents a microscale modelling approach coupled with X-ray computed micro-tomography for the evaluation of material properties of polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced by birch pulp fibers under the effect of moisture. The results in terms of elastic moduli and hygroexpansion deformation were found in good agreement with the measurements taken at different levels of water uptake.
Contact Sealing Simulation of High Pressured Diesel Injector
Authors: Vuotikka Antti-Jussi , Nyberg Mikael , Karhinen Heikki , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

This extended abstract illustrates the simulation challenges related to highly pressurized diesel injector components and assemblies or other corresponding structures.
A new paradigm for fatigue analysis - evolution equation based continuum approach
Authors: Jussila Joonas , Holopainen Sami , Kaarakka Terhi , Kouhia Reijo , Mäkinen Jari , Orelma Heikki , Ottosen Niels Saabye , Ristinmaa Matti , Saksala Timo
Published: August 2017

A very general continuum based approach to model both low- and high cycle fatiguebehaviour is described. The approach allows for both isotropic and anisotropic properties undervery general random multiaxial loading histories.
Evaluation of some harmonic load models for the vibration analysis of footbridges
Authors: Niemi Antti H. , Koskela Jani , Fedorik Filip
Published: August 2017

We analyze and compare different dynamic load models used for the verification of vibration serviceability of footbridges. The considered models predict the acceleration response of the bridge for random streams of pedestrians as well as for deterministic group of walking or running pedestrians. The analysis is carried out in the context of a model steel-concrete composite bridge. Both moving and stationary loads are studied.
Tangential traction instability in fretting contact below fully developed friction load
Authors: Hintikka Jouko , Lehtovaara Arto , Frondelius Tero , Mäntylä Antti
Published: August 2017

Fretting experiments were run below fully developed friction load levels, and the stability of friction was investigated. It was observed that stable friction behavior can be achieved if friction load per normal load is limited to maximum of about 0.5. Exceeding this value leads to increasing instability in friction until gross sliding is achieved. Minute surface sliding, in range of few micrometers, occurred even at these load levels, which may contribute to friction instabilities.
Matching simulated and measured eigen frequencies of medium speed diesel engine
Authors: Burdiel Diana , Pestelli Carlo , Almerigogna Moreno , Pettirosso Alan , Mikonaho Heikki , Kuivaniemi Teemu , Frondelius Tero
Published: August 2017

The aim of this article is to present a method to predict the dynamic behavior of a new engine design on the basis of a correlation between simulations and measurements of a similar engine.
Micromechanical modeling of failure behavior of metallic materials
Authors: Laukkanen Anssi , Lindroos Matti , Andersson Tom , Verho Tuukka , Pinomaa Tatu
Published: August 2017

Microstructural and micromechanical modeling is arising as a key material modeling technique providing numerical modeling capabilities with an improved description of critical material features and mechanisms. Material characteristics such as microstructural morphologies, individual phases and defects can be included explicitly in numerical models and their significance to the material properties and performance measures of interest quantified. Similarly, mechanisms dependent on microstructural scale mechanisms such as polycrystalline plasticity can be modeled accounting for such anisotropic phenomena, and as such, improved accuracy can be reached with respect to design critical mechanisms such as cleavage fracture and initiation of short fatigue cracks. Micromechanical modeling deals with evaluating and modeling material failure relevant mechanisms at the scale of the material microstructure. Typical example is material damage with respect to ductile or brittle fracture, fatigue damage and crack initiation, or for example analysis of material wear which can be seen as a more intricate failure process where several mechanisms interact across multiple spatial scales. Current work addresses some typical failure mechanisms of metallic materials at the scale of the material microstructure. Case studies are discussed where micromechanical modeling is employed to assess material failure with different damage mechanical models and concepts. The basis in all is the description of material deformation by crystal plasticity constitutive models. Two treatments of damage are considered: direct coupling of the crystal plasticity model to a damage mechanical approach and a simpler methodology where a non-coupled evaluation of damage parameters is considered. The use cases consist of fracture, fatigue and wear problems from problems targeting both design of new materials, optimization of material solutions and improved design of products and components.
Preliminary results on the effect of plastic deformation on magnetic properties
Authors: Singh Deepak , Mökkönen Kati , Poutala Jarmo , Rasilo Paavo , Belahcen Anouar , Kouhia Reijo
Published: August 2017

In this paper some preliminary results on the eect of plastic deformation onmagnetic properties of an electric steel are presented. Both experimental results and modellingaspects are discussed.
A model for magneto-elastic behaviour
Authors: Danaee Saivash , Kouhia Reijo , Rasilo Paavo , Beloahcen Anouar , Singh Deepak , Ristinmaa Matti
Published: August 2017

In this paper, a coupled magnetoelastic model for isotropic ferromagnetic materialsis presented. The constitutive equations are written on the basis of the total energy in whichthe right Cauchy-Green strain tensor and the Lagrangian form of the magnetic eld strengthare used as the basic state variables. It is also applied to ferromacnetic electric steel for whichthe material parameters are calibrated.
Treatment of Wastewater from New Copper Smelter RTB Bor
Authors: Radovanović Dragana , Ranitović Milisav , Kamberović Željko , Korać Marija , Gavrilovski Milorad
Published: August 2017

RTB Bor smelter and sulfuric acid plant modernization project includes reconstruction of an old wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The task for a team from the Innovation Center of TMF was technical-technological solution for the reconstruction of WWTP with a new wastewater treatment process. Wastewater from the primary copper smelter is very acidic, with a high content of dissolved heavy metals and arsenic. Treatment of wastewater includes the neutralization of the acid, precipitation of the heavy metals in the form of hydroxides by using hydrated lime, and the arsenic co-precipitation with iron(III) hydroxide. Material and energy balances of the process are determined by simulating the wastewater treatment in Superpro Designer software package with thermodynamic parameters defined in HSC Chemistry program. The simulation results were confirmed by experimental tests at the pilot plant level. The designed process is applied in WWTP exploitation within the new copper smelter RTB Bor. Treatment of 8,7 m2/h of wastewater generates 7,2 m2/h of treated wastewater and 10,3 t/h of wastewater treatment (WWT) sludge. The WWT sludge is characterized as hazardous waste requiring treatment prior to disposal. A proposed treatment for WWT sludge is solidification/stabilization (S/S) using a mixture of fly ash and hydrated lime. Results of laboratory scale tests, which included standard leaching tests EN 12457 and TCLP, as well as the compressive strength testing of obtained solidificates, shows that the S/S treatment leads to stabilization of more than 99% of the heavy metals and more than 90% of arsenic. The treated sludge has the characteristics of non-hazardous waste and is suitable for disposal.
Izrada tehničke dokumentacije, nadzor i puštanje u rad postrojenja za prečišćavanje vode za piće (PPV) na Kopaoniku – iskustvo projektanata
Authors: Radibratović Zorana , Ljuboja Marko , Cakić Biljana
Published: August 2017

Prvo postrojenje za prečišćavanje vode za piće na Kopaoniku izgrađeno je davne 1979. godine za kapacitet od 40 l/s sa osnovnom namenom obezbeđivanja vodom za piće turističkih objekata. Nakon više od 30 godina eksploatacije i činjenice da tadašnja tehnologija nije zadovoljavala potrebe za postizanje traženih efekata, pristupilo se realizaciji Glavnog projekta a zatim i izgradnje u skladu sa projektom, u cilju potpune rekonstrukcije i dogradnje postojećeg PPV kako bi kvalitet vode obezbedio poštovanje kriterijuma koji su propisani Pravilnikom o higijenskoj ispravnosti vode za piće. Analizirani su ključni parametri tehnološkog procesa postrojenja, sagledano je stanje postojeće opreme kao i problemi u radu postrojenja i u skladu sa tim i kavlitetom zahvaćene površinske vode predložen je savremen postupak prečišćavanje vode.