bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution to linguistic politics in the Interwar Period — Ministry of Communication for the sake of language
Authors: Woźniak Ewa
Published: May 2021

The article presents the interwar initiatives of the Polish Ministry of Transport (for some time functioning under the name of the Ministry of Railroad) that served to encourage appropriate language use. In order to promote linguistic correctness in rail transport, the ministry established the Language Commission, which functioned in 1919–1938. The members of this organisation, which was an advisory body of the ministry, included linguists (A.A. Kryński, K. Król, S. Szober). The commission published lists of phrases of foreign origin that were deemed incorrect, especially those used in official letters. Recommended equivalents were provided, too. The commission also Polonized German terminology. These initiatives serve as evidence of language awareness at the time. They also bring new arguments to the discussion of Poland’s linguistic politics in the interwar period.
Analisis Kestabilan dan Kontrol Optimal Model Matematika Partisipasi Pemilih pada Pemilihan Umum dengan Saturated Incidence Rate
Authors: Putri Dinda Ariska , Windarto Windarto , Alfiniyah Cicik
Published: May 2021

Voter participation in general elections is an important aspect of a democratic state structure. Participation is determined by the level of public political awareness, if the level of public political awareness is low, voter participation tends to be passive (Abstinence). A mathematical model approach to voter participation in elections that has been modified to a saturated incidence rate is needed to predict voter participation in future elections. This thesis aims to analyze the stability of the equilibrium point and apply the optimal control variable in the form of an awareness campaign. In the model without control variables, we obtain two equilibriums, namely, the non-endemic equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. Local stability and the existence of endemic equilibrium depend on the basic reproduction number (R0), where R0=bL/(g+m)m. There is voter participation in elections when R0 < 1 and the absence of voter participation in elections when R0 > 1. We also analyze the sensitivity of parameters to determine which parameters are the most influential in this mathematical model. Furthermore, the application of control variables in the mathematical model of voter participation in elections with saturated incidence rate is determined through the Pontryagin Maximum Principle method. Numerical simulation results show that providing control variables in the form of awareness campaign it is quite effective in minimize the number of the voting population who abstained from election.
A aprendizagem da docência de professores iniciantes em um cenário de incertezas
Authors: Morais Joelson De Sousa
Published: May 2021

Resenha da obra SANCHO GIL, J. M.; HERNÁNDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, F. Professores na incerteza: aprender a docência no mundo atual. Porto Alegre, RS: Penso, 2016.
O poder de regulação do discurso político-normativo: do discurso democrático ao discurso gestionário
Authors: Fonseca Dora Ramos
Published: May 2021

ResumoA partir de vários estudos que temos vindo a desenvolver a documentos político-legais publicados pelo Ministério de Educação e a instrumentos de gestão educacional produzidos por vários agentes educativos, constatamos a força do poder do discurso e a sua influência na construção das políticas educativas. Destacamos o abandono gradual, em ambos os casos, da gramática democrática em detrimento de uma gramática gerencialista. Este trabalho procura de uma forma globalizante fazer uma leitura dos processos da construção dos discursos no âmbito das políticas educativas, tendo em conta o referencial teórico marcado, especialmente, pelas ideias de Michel Foucault e Stephen Ball.
Qualidade e equidade na gestão democrática da escola pública brasileira
Authors: Gino João Carlos
Published: May 2021

O objetivo central deste artigo é analisar o lugar estratégico da qualidade e da equidade no processo de democratização da gestão da escola pública brasileira. A metodologia da pesquisa apropriou-se dos instrumentos da análise documental, análise de dados e a revisão bibliográfica. Os referenciais teóricos foram Lück (2011; 2013), Bolívar (2017), Leithwood (2009), Dubet (2004), Soares (2002; 2007) e Sammons (2008). Os resultados do estudo apontaram para o avanço da legislação educacional brasileira no tocante à gestão democrática, os desafios dos sistemas públicos de ensino em transformar o acesso à escola em aprendizagem dos alunos, e o papel do diretor escolar em liderar o processo de democratização da gestão da escola e da garantia de uma educação com qualidade e equidade.
Diretores escolares e o uso dos dados do SIMADE em escolas da rede estadual de educação de Minas Gerais
Authors: Vilardi Luisa , Paes de Carvalho Cynthia
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo exploratório sobre a influência da liderança e das atitudes do/a diretor/a, do suporte pessoal e do acesso à tecnologia para o uso dos dados do Sistema Mineiro de Administração Escolar (Simade) na visão de cinco diretores da rede estadual de educação de Minas Gerais. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para analisar as influências utilizamos o modelo proposto por Wayman et al. (2012) e o conceito de liderança de Jackson e Marriott (2012). Os resultados indicam que a liderança e as atitudes do/a diretor/a influenciam o uso dos dados na escola e que as tomadas de atitude frente aos dados são, em sua maioria, de cunho administrativo/burocrático. Além disso, o suporte para o uso do Simade, bem como cursos de formação são ações precárias e, por isso, precisam ser realizadas para que o uso dos dados assuma uma perspectiva mais pedagógica do que administrativa nas escolas.
YOUTUBE COMO FERRAMENTA DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE BOMBEIROS MILITARES
Authors: Silva Cândido Vieira da , Lobão Mário Sérgio Pedroza
Published: May 2021

Analisou-se o uso da Plataforma YouTube como ferramenta adicional na aprendizagem contínua à profissão dos Bombeiros Militares do 2º Batalhão de Proteção e Combate a Incêndio Florestal do Estado do Acre (BPCIF). Foi utilizado uma abordagem qualitativa e de caráter exploratório. Aplicou-se um questionário aos militares do 2º BPCIF para traçar o perfil e a percepção dos investigados sobre a utilização da Plataforma como meio de aprendizagem à sua profissão. Conclui-se que a ferramenta possibilita não só a aprendizagem do conhecimento investigado, mas contribui para outras áreas de conhecimento e profissões, evidenciando que a Plataforma promove a disseminação de conhecimentos e garantindo maior segurança e minimização de riscos em operações feitas pelo Corpo de Bombeiros Militar.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: O PAPEL DO PROFESSOR FORMADOR NAS LICENCIATURAS
Authors: Leitão Nayara Araujo Duarte , De Faria Evangelina Maria Brito
Published: May 2021

Diante da necessidade de uma nova relação entre a formação do professor e prática da educação inclusiva nas Universidades, o objetivo deste trabalho é observar a formação para a inclusão em cursos de licenciatura, a partir das estratégias metodológicas utilizadas pela professora formadora na disciplina Libras, de uma universidade pública na Paraíba - Brasil. Metodologicamente, partiremos de uma visão interpretativista de dados gerados por dois diários de campo em que foram registradas estratégias metodológicas utilizadas pela professora formadora, durante um semestre letivo. Os dados apontam que a docente busca uma sensibilização através de discussões de textos oficiais que legislam sobre a educação inclusiva e, especificamente, a dos surdos, desempenhando seu papel na formação inclusiva.
ENGAJAMENTO ACADÊMICO: PERCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Cofferri Fernanda Fátima , Justino Bruschi Giovana Fernanda , Lima Silva Maria Dos Remédios , Steren dos Santos Bettina
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender o engajamento acadêmico a partir das perspectivas de estudantes de graduação de uma universidade pública do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Para a produção dos dados realizamos um questionário com 31 estudantes de cursos de graduação que foram analisados através da metodologia Análise de Conteúdo. A partir dos dados analisados, percebemos que o engajamento é um contributo não só para o ingresso, mas também para a permanência nas universidades. Nesse sentido, compreender o engajamento acadêmico sob a perspectiva dos estudantes é reconhecer que essa voz importa e pode ser um ponto de partida para que sejam desenvolvidas estratégias políticas, institucionais e educacionais de acolhimento estudantil.
NARRATIVAS DIGITAIS E HIPERTEXTOS: CARACTERÍSTICAS, APROXIMAÇÕES CONCEITUAIS
Authors: De Paulo Moura Késsia Mileny , Kieling Franco Sérgio Roberto
Published: May 2021

No contexto da cibercultura as narrativas ganham novos potenciais, visto que a dinâmica que envolve o processo de produção ganha novos espaços, formatos e significações. As narrativas, agora digitais, são produzidas no movimento de evolução dos meios tecnológicos e dos usos que fazemos deles para nossas produções. Este texto tem como objetivo caracterizar as narrativas digitais à luz da discussão sobre hipertexto. Para tanto, trazemos discussão teórica por meio das vozes e interlocuções de autores que tratam das propriedades do ambiente digital onde as narrativas são produzidas, e dos formatos de hipertextos em que circunscrevemos a sua ancoragem, como Murray (2003), Santaella (2003), Prado et al. (2017), Xavier (2002, 2010, 2015), Lemke (2002, 2010), entre outros.
Entre princesas e heróis: reflexões sobre identidades e currículo
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Junior Alcidesio
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo escolho analisar as práticas curriculares engendradas em uma escola municipal da cidade de Olinda/PE, produtoras de identidades generificadas e processos de subjetivação diversos. Para tanto, recorro a uma análise cultural dos livros didáticos de Português e Matemática utilizados pelas crianças do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental, bem como um olhar sobre o Projeto Político Pedagógico da escola, lançando mão de um repertório teórico dos Estudos Culturais em interface com os Estudos de Gênero e a teorização pós-crítica de Currículo. Assim, destaco a importância da politização em sala de aula, entendendo que contemplar um currículo do pensamento da diferença supõe questionar os atos repetidos e performáticos que asseguram continuidades e certezas, bem como construções de verdades.
Relatos docentes e as fragilidades da disciplina de ensino religioso
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Casagrande , Assis Jacira Helena do Valle Pereira
Published: May 2021

Apresentamos neste artigo um recorte de pesquisa desenvolvida para a produção de tese de doutorado no campo de estudos e pesquisas da Sociologia da Educação. Objetivamos discutir práticas docentes na disciplina de Ensino Religioso em escolas públicas confessionais conveniadas com o Estado. A problematização proposta aborda a questão da laicidade do Estado, bem como o espaço dado à religião/religiosidade em escolas públicas. A metodologia da pesquisa consistiu na realização de entrevistas com três professores da disciplina de Ensino Religioso, os dados foram analisados a partir da perspectiva bourdieusiana. Os resultados indicam que os docentes apresentam inseguranças quanto ao desenvolvimento de suas práticas, dúvidas em relação aos conteúdos e conceitos a serem trabalhados.
Mal-estar de professores: revisão sistemática na psicanálise (1998-2018)
Authors: Carneiro Cristiana , Barbosa Paula Porto , Scherer Larissa Costa , Teixeira Livia Silva , Dos Santos Roberta Duarte , Dos Santos Thaysa Silva , De Paula Lima Yara Porto , Corrêa Bety Ribeiro , Miceli Luana Silva , Do Nascimento Sara Vieira , Theles Julia Vital
Published: May 2021

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de revisão sistemática realizada pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa e Intercâmbio para a Infância e Adolescência Contemporâneas da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Teve como objetivo mapear a produção acadêmica sobre mal-estar de professores na psicanálise durante os últimos vinte anos, no cenário brasileiro, a fim de compreender como a área tem construído o conhecimento em sua articulação com a educação. Dividiu-se metodologicamente em dois momentos distintos, um que visou compreender a panorâmica desta produção e outro especificamente voltado para uma análise das formas como a abordagem do mal-estar têm sido construídas pelo campo. Foram utilizadas, prioritariamente, como fontes documentais, livros, teses, dissertações e artigos acadêmicos.
O letramento científico na BNCC: possíveis desafios para sua prática
Authors: Branco Alessandra Batista de Godoi , Branco Emerson Pereira , Zanatta Shalimar Calegari , Nagashima Lucila Akiko
Published: May 2021

Esta pesquisa qualitativa, com análise documental e de dados e revisão de literatura apresentou conceitos e concepções sobre o letramento científico (LC) e analisou como é apresentado na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). A referida Base apresenta o conceito de LC na área de Ciências da Natureza com algumas contradições de sentido. Investigou-se possíveis desafios para que a BNCC atinja seus ideais de educação equitativa e LC. Os resultados mostram que na educação nacional ainda há necessidade de melhorias na formação de professores, infraestrutura e recursos dos estabelecimentos e outros desafios que não podem ser ignorados. A disparidade entre sistemas, redes, escolas e condições de trabalho docente é um grande problema para a garantia de uma educação democrática, inclusiva e justa.
Educação ambiental no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha: perspectivas dos professores
Authors: Biavatti Marilene , De Oliveira Fragoso Rosimeri , Micali Nuvoloni Felipe
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre como o Parque Estadual de Vila Velha (PEVV) vem servindo às práticas de Educação Ambiental realizadas por professores de Ponta Grossa e os desafios enfrentados. Para tanto, um questionário foi aplicado à professores do ensino fundamental, médio e superior de Ponta Grossa. Os resultados indicam que por meio das aulas de campo no PEVV é possível estabelecer o contato entre os alunos e o meio natural, permitindo maior sensibilização acerca dos problemas ambientais, e aprofundamento de conteúdos abordados em sala. O financeiro, o planejamento das atividades e a falta de tempo configuram entre os principais entraves à realização das aulas de campo, e evidenciam a necessidade de parcerias entre o PEVV e as instituições de ensino.
Professor Kudrevetski Vasily Vasilievich — Little Known Biography Facts
Authors: Gasanov M. Z. , Terentyev V. P.
Published: May 2021

The scientist’s professional activities were associated with the Imperial University of Warsaw, where he headed the department of the faculty therapeutic clinic (1895-1910), was the dean of the medical faculty and acting as the rector (1909-1910). Professor Kudrevetski V.V. was a scholar of an outstanding scientist, academician Pavlov I.P. Under his leadership in a small laboratory of the prof. S.P. Botkin clinic, they carried out the first fundamental research and experimental work on the physiology of digestion. The accumulated experience on this topic allowed Kudrevetski to defend his doctoral dissertation in 1890, the scientific consultant of which was Ivan Petrovich himself. The results of fundamental works of V.V. Kudrevetski formed the basis of scientific ideas about the physiology of the digestive system and have not lost their relevance today.
Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ignatenko G. A. , Taradin G. G. , Vatutin N. T. , Kaluga A. A. , Kostyamin Yu. D.
Published: May 2021

The current information about features of atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is presented in this review. The data about prevalence, pathogenesis and its various complications in these patients are disclosed. The article contains updated clinical recommendations of authoritative medical societies on the discussing problem. There is detailed discussion of risk factors of atrial fibrillation onset in setting of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with demonstration of results of different studies concerning to investigation of relationship between risk factors and probability of the arrhythmia development. There is description of detection methods, clinical manifestations, and the course of atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The contemporary literature data are presented regarding to the management of patients with atrial fibrillation with use of anticoagulants, antiarrhythmic drugs, indications for performing of radiofrequency ablation and results of studies concerning long-term efficacy of such procedure are demonstrated. The discussion on the management of the patients in cases of sinus rhythm restoration or maintenance failure is described.
The Pioneering Role of Sci in Post Publication Public Peer Review (P4R)
Authors: Abdin Ahmad Yaman , Nasim Muhmmad Jawad , Ney Yannick , Jacob Claus
Published: May 2021

Scientists observe, discover, justify and eventually share their findings with the scientific community. Dissemination is an integral aspect of scientific discovery since discoveries which go unnoticed have no or little impact on science. Today, peer-review is part of this process of scientific dissemination as it contributes proactively to the quality of a scientific article. As the numbers of scientific journals and scientific articles published therein are increasing steady, processes such as the single-blind or double-blind peer review are facing a near collapse situation. In fact, these traditional forms of reviewing have reached their limits and, because of this, are also increasingly considered as unfair, sloppy, superficial and even biased. In this manuscript we propose forms of Post Publication Public Peer Review (P4R) as valuable alternatives to the traditional blind peer review system. We describe how the journal Sci has explored such an approach and provide first empirical evidence of the benefits and also challenges such a P4R approach is facing.
Detection of Peanut Allergen by Real Time PCR: Looking For the Suitable Detection Marker as Affected by Processing
Authors: Sanchiz Africa , Sánchez-Enciso Paulina , Cuadrado Carmen , Linacero Rosario
Published: May 2021

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) contains allergenic proteins, which make it harmful to the sensitised population. The presence of peanut in foods must be indicated on label, to prevent accidental consumption by allergic population.. In this work, we use chloroplast markers for specifically detection of peanut by real-time PCR, in order to increase the assay sensitivity. Three different protocols of DNA isolation were evaluated, for total and organelle-DNA extraction. Binary mixtures of raw and processed peanut flour in wheat were performed at concentrations ranging from 100000 to 0.1 mg/kg. DNA isolation from peanut, mixtures and other legumes was carried out following three protocols for obtaining genomic and chloroplast-enrich DNA. Quantity and quality of DNA was evaluated, obtaining better results for protocol 2. Specificity and sensitivity of the method has been assayed with specific primers for three chloroplast markers (mat k, rpl16 and trnH-psbA) and Ara h 6 peanut allergen-coding region was selected as nuclear low-copy target and TaqMan probes. Efficiency and linear correlation of calibration curves were within the adequate ranges. Moreover, the influence of pressure and thermal processing on the peanut detectability was analyzed.
Optical Fiber Based Distributed Mechanical Vibration Sensing
Authors: Novotný Vít , Sysel Petr , Prokeš Aleš , Hanák Pavel , Slavíček Karel , Přinosil Jiří
Published: May 2021

The distributed long-range sensing system using the standard telecommunication single-mode optical fiber in a function of a distributed sensor for sensing of mechanical vibrations is described. Various events generating vibrations such as walking or running person, moving cars, trains and others can be detected, localized and classified. The sensor and related sensing system components were designed and constructed and the system was tested both in the laboratory and in the real situation with 88 km telecom optical link, and the results are presented.
Quantum Foundations of Classical Reversible Computing
Authors: Frank Michael , Shukla Karpur
Published: May 2021

The reversible computation paradigm aims to provide a new foundation for general classical digital computing that is capable of circumventing the thermodynamic limits to the energy efficiency of the conventional, non-reversible paradigm. However, to date, the essential rationale for and analysis of classical reversible computing (RC) has not yet been expressed in terms that leverage the modern formal methods of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics (NEQT). In this paper, we begin developing an NEQT-based foundation for the physics of reversible computing. We use the framework of Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad dynamics (a.k.a. Lindbladians) with multiple asymptotic states, incorporating recent results from resource theory, full counting statistics, and stochastic thermodynamics. Important conclusions include that, as expected: (1) Landauer's Principle indeed sets a strict lower bound on entropy generation in traditional non-reversible architectures for deterministic computing machines when we account for the loss of correlations; and (2) implementations of the alternative reversible computation paradigm can potentially avoid such losses, and thereby circumvent the Landauer limit, potentially allowing the efficiency of future digital computing technologies to continue improving indefinitely. We also outline a research plan for identifying the fundamental minimum energy dissipation of reversible computing machines as a function of speed.
Combinational Approach of Energy Management for Sustainable Food and Crop Storage Facilities: A Research Concept
Authors: Alam Mohammad Nur-E , Ahmed Soyed Mohiuddin , Hoque Mohammad Nasirul , Basher Mohammad Khairul , Das Narottam
Published: May 2021

This research project focuses on the optimization of the hybrid energy system together with the assistance of thin-film coatings aiming to achieve self-sustainable food and crop storage facilities which will run effectively with its own generated energy. An infrastructure will be designed and constructed that will comprise a hybrid power generation system accompanied by thin-film coated semitransparent and non-transparent construction materials for energy saving. Thin-film low emissivity (Low-E) type coatings will assist the transparent or semitransparent construction materials to reflect most of the infrared (IR-mostly heat) and UV spectra of sunlight without interrupting the visible spectrum and will lead to saving energy consumption by reducing the heat and lighting during day time
Towards Generic Simulation for Demanding Stochastic Processes
Authors: Koutsoyiannis Demetris , Dimitriadis Panayiotis
Published: May 2021

We outline and test a new methodology for genuine simulation of stochastic processes with any dependence and any marginal distribution. We reproduce time dependence with a generalized, time symmetric or asymmetric, moving-average scheme. This implements linear filtering of non-Gaussian white noise, with the weights of the filter determined by analytical equations in terms of the autocovariance of the process. We approximate the marginal distribution of the process, irrespective of its type, using a number of its cumulants, which in turn determine the cumulants of white noise in a manner that can readily support the generation of random numbers from that approximation, so that it be applicable for stochastic simulation. The simulation method is genuine as it uses the process of interest directly without any transformation (e.g. normalization). We illustrate the method in a number of synthetic and real-world applications with either persistence or antipersistence, and with non-Gaussian marginal distributions that are bounded, thus making the problem more demanding. These include distributions bounded from both sides, such as uniform, and bounded form below, such as exponential and Pareto, possibly having a discontinuity at the origin (intermittence). All examples studied show the satisfactory performance of the method.
Further Evidence that Defects in mMain Thyroid Dysgenesis-Related Genes are an Uncommon Etiology for Primary Congenital Hypothyroidism in Mexican Patients: Report of Rare Variants in FOXE1, NKX2-5 and TSHR
Authors: Alcántara-Ortigoza Miguel Angel , Sánchez-Verdiguel Iraís , Fernández-Hernández Liliana , Enríquez-Flores Sergio , González-Núñez Aidy , Hernández-Martínez Nancy Leticia , Sánchez Carmen , González-del Angel Ariadna
Published: May 2021

Mexico shows a high birth prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to thyroid dysgenesis (TD). PAX8 defects underlie only 1% of these cases and NKX2-1 does not seem to be involved. Here, we analyzed other TD-related genes in 128 non-related Mexican patients (females 77.3%; 6 months to 16.6 years) with non-syndromic CH-TD diagnosis established by clinical evaluation, thyroid hormone serum profiling, and scintigraphy (74%) or ultrasonography (26%). We performed Sanger sequencing of FOXE1, NKX2-5, and TSHR and evaluated copy number variations (CNVs) in TSHR, FOXE1, PAX8, and NKX2-1 by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Odds ratios for TD risk were explored for FOXE1 polyalanine stretches [polyAla-rs71369530] in cases and controls (N=116). Five rare missense changes cataloged as benign (NKX2-5:p.(Ala119Ser)-rs137852684), of unknown significance (FOXE1:p.(Ala335Gly)-rs543372757; TSHR:p.(Asp118Asn)-rs1414102266), and likely pathogenic (FOXE1:p.(Gly124Arg)-rs774035532; TSHR:p.(Trp422Arg)-rs746029360) accounted for 1.5% (N=2/128) of clinically relevant genotypes (supported in part by protein modeling) in CH-TD. No CNVs were identified, nor did polyAla >14 alanines in FOXE1 significantly protect against TD. The present and previously published data collectively show that small clinically relevant germline variants in PAX8, FOXE1, and TSHR are found in only a very small proportion (2.5%) of isolated CH-TD Mexican patients.
The Lifestyle of Saudi Medical Students
Authors: Abdulrahman Khalid A Bin , Khalaf Ahmad Mamoun , Bin Abbas Fahad Bassam , Alanazi Omran Thabet
Published: May 2021

Background: This study was conducted to investigate medical students' lifestyle habits, including sleep quality, eating and drinking pattern, physical activity, and social status. Method: This research project is part two of a multi-institutional cross-sectional observational study conducted among medical students from six medical colleges in Saudi Arabia between September and December 2019. Results: 675 medical students were enrolled electively into the lifestyle study. About half of this number were male students, and the majority aged 18-24 years. Most students (87.6%) slept between 4-8 hours a day, and over 44% were dissatisfied with their sleep. Only 28.1% had three meals a day; about 40% of them usually or always skipped breakfast. While 44% usually or always eat fast food, 44.7% drink 2 liters of water per day. Moreover, male students were significantly consuming fast foods than females, p<0.001. The majority (63.3%) revealed they usually or always drink black coffee daily. Females were significantly more inclined to regular coffee consumption than males, p<0.001. Only 4.3% exercising for 30 minutes or more daily. The majority (65%) of the students were introverted; they had few close friends. Yet, 81% were somewhat satisfied or satisfied with their social life. Male students were predicted to be significantly more satisfied with their social life than females, p=0.001. Only 4.6% smoked cigarettes daily. Whereas 7.1% smoke e-cigarette daily. In contrast, only 0.3% use shisha (hookah) daily. Male medical students were substantially more predicted to be inclined to e-cigarette use than females (p <0.001. The top five leisure activities of a medical student are surfing social media (75.9%), watching movies (61.3%), hanging out with friends (58.1%), spent time with their family (55.4%), and browsing the internet (53.6%). Female medical students were significantly more inclined to surfing social media than male medical students, p=0.022; also, watching movies was preferred for females compared to males, p=0.006. Conclusion: This study revealed that the majority of medical students in Saudi Arabia exhibited healthy lifestyles to some extent, and these health-promoting behaviors differed based on gender, especially concerning physical activity and eating patterns. The findings of this study provide relevant information for future actions that will be geared towards effectively decreasing the occurrence of chronic illnesses and improving future doctor’s well-being.
Energy Mechanisms of Free Vibrations and Resonance in Elastic Bodies
Authors: Alyushin Yuriy
Published: May 2021

The mechanisms of natural oscillations and resonance are described, considering the peculiarities of the transformation of elastic and kinetic energy in the implementation of the law of conservation of energy in local and integral volumes of the body, using the concept of mechanics based on the concepts of space, time and energy. When describing the motion in the Lagrange form, the elastic deformation energy of the particles is determined by the quadratic invariant of the tensor, whose components are the partial derivatives of Euler variables with respect to Lagrange variables. The increment of the invariant due to elastic deformation is represented as the sum of two scalars, one of which depends on the average value of the relative lengths of the edges of the particles in the form of an infinitesimal parallelepiped, the second is equal to the standard deviation of these lengths from the average value. It is shown that each of the scalars can be represented in the form of two dimensionless kinematic parameters of elastic energy, which participate in different ways in the implementation of the law of conservation of energy. One part of the elastic energy passes into kinetic energy and participates in the implementation of the law of conservation of energy for the body as a whole, considering external forces. The second part is not converted into kinetic energy but changes the deformed state of the particles in accordance with the equations of motion while maintaining the same level of the part of the elastic energy of the particles used for this. The kinematic parameters differ from the volume density of the corresponding types of energy by a factor equal to the elastic modulus, which is directly proportional to the density and heat capacity of the material and inversely proportional to the volume compression coefficient. Transverse, torsional, and longitudinal vibrations are considered free and under resonance conditions. The mechanisms of transformation of forced vibrations into their own after the termination of external influences and resonance at the superposition of free and forced vibrations with the same or similar frequency are considered. The formation of a new free wave at each cycle with an increase in the amplitude, which occurs mainly due to internal energy sources, and not external forces, is justified.
About the Equivalence of the Latent D-Scoring Model and the Two-Parameter Logistic Item Response Model
Authors: Robitzsch Alexander
Published: May 2021

This article shows that the recently proposed latent D-scoring model of Dimitrov is statistically equivalent to the two-parameter logistic item response model. An analytical derivation and a numerical illustration are employed for demonstrating this finding. Hence, estimation techniques for the two-parameter logistic model can be used for estimating the latent D-scoring model. In an empirical example using PISA data, differences of country ranks are investigated when using different metrics for the latent trait. In the example, the choice of the latent trait metric matters for the ranking of countries. Finally, it is argued that an item response model with bounded latent trait values like the latent D-scoring model might have advantages for reporting results in terms of interpretation.
Taxonomy-focused Natural Product Databases for Carbon-13 NMR-based Dereplication
Authors: Nuzillard Jean-Marc
Published: May 2021

The recent revival of the study of organic natural products as renewable sources of medicinal drugs, cosmetics, dyes, and materials motivated the creation of general-purpose structural databases. Dereplication, the efficient identification of already reported compounds, relies on the grouping of structural, taxonomic and spectroscopic databases that focus on a particular taxon (species, genus, family, order…). A set of freely available python scripts, CNMRPredict, is proposed for the quick supplementation of taxon-oriented search results from the LOTUS database (lotus.naturalproducts.net) with predicted carbon-13 NMR data from the ACD/Labs (acdlabs.com) CNMR predictor and DB software to provide easily searchable databases. The database construction process is illustrated using Brassica rapa as taxon example.
Influence of Heart Rate Variability on Abstinence-Related Changes in Brain State in Everyday Drinkers
Authors: Peterson Hope , Mayhugh Rhiannon E , Bahrami Mohsen , Rejeski W Jack , Simpson Sean L , Heilman Keri , Porges Steven W , Laurienti Paul J
Published: May 2021

Alcohol consumption is now common practice worldwide, and functional brain networks are beginning to reveal the complex interactions observed with alcohol consumption and abstinence. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) has a well-documented relationship with alcohol use, and a growing body of research is finding links between the ANS and functional brain networks. This study recruited everyday drinkers in an effort to uncover the relationship between alcohol abstinence, ANS function, and whole brain functional brain networks. Participants (n=29), 24-60 years-of-age, consumed moderate levels of alcohol regularly (males 2.4 (±0.26) drinks/day, females 2.3 (±0.96) drinks/day). ANS function, specifically cardiac vagal tone, was assessed using the Porges-Bohrer method for calculating respiratory sinus arrhythmia (PBRSA). Functional brain networks were generated from resting-state MRI scans obtained following 3-day periods of typical consumption and abstinence. A multi-task mixed-effects regression model determined the influences of HRV and drinking state on functional network connectivity. Results showed differences in the relationship between the strength of network connections and clustering coefficients across drinking states, moderated by PBRSA. Increases in connection strength between highly clustered nodes during abstinence as PBRSA increases demonstrates a greater possible range of topological configurations at high PBRSA values. This novel finding begins to shed light on the complex interactions between typical alcohol abstinence and physiological responses of the central and autonomic nervous system.
The Islamic Fundamentalism in Southeast Asia (The Case of Indonesia and Malaysia)
Authors: Ghadbeigy Zohreh , Jafari Maryam
Published: May 2021

Islamic fundamentalism as a stream of Extremist claim a return to the true Islam and no compromise with the modern world has transformed the scene inside the country and in international relations as a threat and a serious contender in today's society. In fact, after September 11, 2001, expanded a serious debate about Islamic fundamentalism around the world. But it can be difficult to provide an overview of the history of political violence in which the phenomenon of Islamic fundamentalism as its starting point after September 11, is not mentioned. However, before the date mentioned in international studies, there are also traces of fundamentalism, But what is known today as the new form of Islamic fundamentalism, since 2011 and after the rise of the Middle East, was raised around the world and to create the challenges of Political sovereignty and security for the world's most strategic regions such as Europe and then Southeast Asia (especially Indonesia and Malaysia). Therefore, this research tries to answer this question: what is the most important factor in challenging the political sovereignty of states in Southeast Asia (especially Indonesia and Malaysia). The hypothesis is Islamic fundamentalism is a rival and threat against the sovereignty and national security of Indonesia and the Philippines. The result of this study explains and demonstrates the presence and role of Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia and Malaysia as a serious challenge in the security-political reality of these countries. Therefore, this study seeks to recognize and address the challenges and threats that are faced by these two-country with the growth of Islamic fundamentalism.
A Database of Plant Sterols and Their Assessment in the Diet of the Adult Population of Poland
Authors: Witkowska Anna Maria , Waśkiewicz Anna , Zujko Małgorzata Elżbieta , Mirończuk-Chodakowska Iwona , Cicha-Mikołajczyk Alicja , Drygas Wojciech
Published: May 2021

Plant sterols are compounds with multiple biological functions, mainly cholesterol-reducing. There are no comprehensive databases on plant sterols, which makes it difficult to estimate their intake in the Polish population. In this study we used international food databases, supplemented by scientific data from the literature, to create a database on plant sterols in the food consumed in Poland to assess the size and sources of dietary plant sterols in the adult population of Poland. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify possible sources of published food composition data for plant sterols. The study group consisted of 5690 participants of the WOBASZ II survey. We identified 361 dietary sources of plant sterols based on the consumption of foods and dishes reported by participants. Cereals and fats provided 61% of the total plant sterols, and together with vegetables and fruits, this totaled 80%. Total plant sterol intake for the Polish population was 282.97 mg/day, and divided by men and women was 320.77 and 252.19 mg/day, respectively. Canola oil provided the most plant sterols at 16.92%, followed by white bread at 16.65% and soft margarine at 8.33%. This study found that the database of plant sterols facilitates the calculation of plant sterols in the typical Polish diet, and the results are comparable to those of other studies, despite different methodologies of nutritional assessment and slightly different databases. The main sources of dietary plant sterols did not differ from the data for other populations. This study confirmed the observations of other research that women's diets may have a higher plant sterol density compared to men.
DNA Methylation in Genetic and Sporadic Forms of Neurodegeneration: Lessons From Alzheimers, Related Tauopathies and Genetic Tauopathies
Authors: Zimmer-Bensch Geraldine , Zempel Hans
Published: May 2021

Genetic and sporadic forms of tauopathies, the most prevalent of which is Alzheimer’s Disease, are a scourge of the aging society, and in case of genetic forms, can also affect children and young adults. All tauopathies share ectopic expression, mislocalization, or aggregation of the microtubule associated protein TAU, encoded by the MAPT gene. As TAU is a neuronal protein widely expressed in the CNS, the overwhelming majority of tauopathies are neurological disorders. They are characterized by cognitive dysfunction often leading to dementia, and are frequently accompanied by movement abnormalities such as parkinsonism. Tauopathies can lead to severe neurological deficits and premature death. For some tauopathies there is a clear genetic cause and/ or an epigenetic contribution. However, for several others the disease etiology is unclear, with few tauopathies being environmentally triggered. Here we review current knowledge of tauopathies listing known genetic and important sporadic forms of this disease. Further, we discuss how DNA methylation as a major epigenetic mechanism emerges to be involved in the disease pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s, and related genetic and non-genetic tauopathies. Finally, we debate the application of epigenetic signatures in peripheral blood samples as diagnostic tool and usage of epigenetic therapy strategies for these diseases.
Shifting Shopping Patterns through Food Marketplace Platform: A Case Study in Major Cities of Indonesia
Authors: Istianingsih Istianingsih , Kamil Islamiah , Suraji Robertus
Published: May 2021

The obligation to keep a distance from other people due to the pandemic has changed human life patterns, especially in shopping for their primary needs, namely food. The presence of the food marketplace presents new hope in maintaining health and food availability without crowding with other people while shopping. The main problem that is often a concern of the public when shopping online is transaction security and the Ease of use of this food marketplace application. This research is the intensity of using the Food Marketplace in terms of Interest, transaction security, and Ease of use of this application. Researchers analyzed the relationship between variables with the Structural equation model. Respondents who became this sample were 300 application users spread across various major cities in Indonesia. This study's results provide a view that the intensity of the food marketplace's use has increased significantly during the new normal life. This paper's primary value lies in providing a better understanding of consumer behavior in the Indonesian food marketplace that has not been previously researched. By examining the determinants of the intensity of marketplace use in the food sector, it is hoped that this can become the basis for further research.
Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative C-2 Alkenylation of 5-Arylimidazoles and Related Azoles with Styrenes
Authors: Lessi Marco , Nania Attilio , Pittari Melania , Lodone Laura , Cuzzola Angela , Bellina Fabio
Published: May 2021

The construction of carbon-carbon bonds by direct involvement of two unactivated carbon-hydrogen bonds, without any directing group, ensures an high atom economy of the entire process. Here it is described a simple protocol for the Pd(II)/Cu(II)-promoted intermolecular cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of 5-arylimidazoles, benzimidazoles, benzoxazole and 4,5-diphenylimidazole at their C-2 position with functionalized styrenes. This specific CDC, known as Fujiwara-Moritani reaction or oxidative Heck coupling, allowed also the C-4 alkenylation of the imidazole nucleus when both 2 and 5 positions are occupied.
Об опрокидывании медленной необыкновенной волны в холодной магнитоактивной плазме
Authors: Фролов Александр Анатольевич , Frolov Aleksandr Anatol'evich , Чижонков Евгений Владимирович , Chizhonkov Evgenii Vladimirovich
Published: May 2021

Исследовано влияние внешнего магнитного поля на плоские релятивистские нелинейные колебания и волны. Для инициализации медленной необыкновенной волны
в магнитоактивной плазме использован способ построения недостающих начальных условий на основе решения линейной задачи методом Фурье. С целью численного моделирования нелинейной волны построена схема метода конечных разностей второго порядка точности типа МакКормака. Показано, что при учете внешнего магнитного поля ленгмюровские колебания трансформируются в медленную
необыкновенную волну. При этом скорость волны увеличивается с ростом внешнего постоянного поля, что способствует выносу энергии из первоначальной области
локализации колебаний. По этой причине, начиная с некоторого критического значения внешнего поля, эффект опрокидывания уже перестает наблюдаться, то есть
формируется глобальное по времени гладкое решение.
Диссипативные и дисперсионные свойства разностных схем для линейного уравнения переноса на меташаблоне $4\times 3$
Authors: Головизнин Василий Михайлович , Goloviznin Vasilii Mikhailovich , Соловьев Андрей Валерьевич , Solov'ev Andrei Valer'evich
Published: May 2021

Статья посвящена презентации нового информационного ресурса в сети Internet-базы знаний по диссипативным и дисперсионным свойствам разностных схем для
простейшего линейного уравнения переноса, охватывающей 2113 схем от первого
порядка аппроксимации до десятого, которые могут быть получены на вычислительном шаблоне из четырех расчетных узлов на трех слоях по времени. Информационный массив, содержащий паспорта всех этих схем, размещен на сайте Лаборатории индустриальной математики ВМК МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова по адресу
http://lim.cmc.msu.ru/index.php?id=86. Паспорт разностной схемы содержит коэффициенты характеристических уравнений, область устойчивости и диссипативные
и дисперсионные поверхности. Дружественный графический интерфейс пользователя позволяет в интерактивном режиме осуществлять поиск паспортов по вычислительным шаблонам. В качестве примера приведены диссипативные и дисперсионные поверхности некоторых схем, имеющих различные порядки аппроксимации.
Вычислительный эксперимент в задаче о флаттере прямоугольной пластины
Authors: Алгазин Сергей Дмитриевич , Algazin Sergei Dmitrievich
Published: May 2021

Рассматривается флаттер прямоугольной пластины при произвольном направлении
вектора скорости относительно сторон пластины. Построен численный алгоритм
без насыщения для решения соответствующей задачи на собственные значения.
Приведены результаты расчeтов критической скорости флаттера и приближeнная
формула для критической скорости, которая при заданном направлении вектора
скорости потока зависит от двух безразмерных параметров: безразмерной скорости
звука в пластине и безразмерной толщины пластины.
Special Issue on e-ASIA JRP: Development of a Landslide Monitoring and Prediction System in Monsoon Asia
Authors: Wakai Akihiko , Sato Go , Tran The Viet , Karnjana Jessada , Komori Jiro
Published: May 2021

This special issue summarizes some of the findings of the first half of our international joint research between Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam. This collaborative research is based on the framework of the e-ASIA Joint Research Program (e-ASIA JRP) and lasts for three years. Rainfall-induced landslides are a common disaster in many Asian countries. Our goal is to develop a practical method for landslide susceptibility mapping so that there are fewer landslide disasters in the future.

The e-ASIA JRP is an international joint initiative of public funding organizations in the East Asia Summit member countries. Based on the co-funding mechanism, support for the research teams is received from the funding organizations in their respective countries. Since 2019, the Japanese, Thai, and Vietnamese teams have been supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), the National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand (NSTDA), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam (MOST), respectively.

In the first half of our project, we completed the basic steps for developing the system. In this special issue, we are proud to present some of our achievements, including studies on slope failure analysis, landslide prevention works, meteorological observations, landslide monitoring, statistical or wide-area risk evaluations, mathematical models, and flash flood control. In addition to the above, we also present other valuable research achievements that related members have provided to help ensure the achievement of our goals. In total, 20 papers are published here. We believe that our comprehensive research activities will dramatically increase future landslide disaster mitigation, especially in monsoon Asia, and will strongly augment the roadmap for achieving the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a common desire of humanity.