bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Brand Equity and its Influence on Customer Satisfaction of a Football Team among Female Fansin Public Universities in Kenya
Authors: Sylvia Sirai Chebet , Kalei Anne , Nyaboga Ibrahim , Obuba Robert
Published: August 2017

The increasing competition in the business sector requires that teams that are involved in developing the brands come up with brands that consumers can easily differentiate from those of the competitors to make their brand stand out. Football teams rely on fans for their success, providing income through ticket sales, television viewing and purchasing team branded products. Yet this area remains unexplored in Kenya hence the researchers desire to assess the influence of brand equity on customer satisfaction of football team among universities female fans in Public Universities in Kenya. The specific objective to be undertaken for the research were; to examine the influence of brand image on customer satisfaction of a football team among female fans in public universities in Kenya. The Ministry of Sports will recognize how the female fans impact on sports and justify higher budgetary allocations for female league. The research study was anchored on the social identity theory propounded by Tajfel which states that society is made up of social groups that have power and status at their disposal. The study adopted explanatory research design to determine the influence of brand equity on customer satisfaction of a football team. A target population of 1846 respondent was investigated. A sample of 319 was then used for the study. Stratified and snowball sampling techniques were employed. Semi-structured questionnaire was used as instrument of data collection. Content validity was measured through expert judgment while reliability was measured by use of Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient method at p less tha 0.05. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics comprising of chi-statistic, multiple regression analysis and Anova. The first objective sought to examine the influence of brand image on customer satisfaction among female football fans in public university. The result shows that the value of chi-statistic is15.719 with a p-value of 0.015. Since the p-value is less that the chosen level of significance (0.05), we reject the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between brand image and customer satisfaction
Ocena poziomu jakości życia chorych na hemofilię
Authors: Owsianowska Joanna
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Hemofilia należy do chorób uwarunkowanych genetycznie. Występowanie krwawień, doznawanie bólu, okresowe lub trwałe zmniejszenie aktywności fizycznej czy wreszcie ryzyko wystąpienia kalectwa mogą wywierać negatywny wpływ nawielowymiarowe funkcjonowanie człowieka.Celem pracy było poznanie poziomu jakości życia chorych na hemofilię oraz udzielenie odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: 1. Jaki poziom jakości życia prezentują chorzy na hemofilię? 2. Która dziedzina jakości życia oceniana jest przez chorych na hemofilię najwyżej, a która najniżej? 3.Czy istnieje związek pomiędzy danymi socjodemograficznymi i sytuacją zdrowotną a jakością życia i jej dziedzinami?Materiały i metody: Badaniami objęto 168 dorosłych pacjentów chorujących na hemofilię, pozostających głównie w systemie leczenia domowego i zamieszkujących różne regiony Polski. Dane socjodemograficzne zebrano za pomocą ankiety własnego autorstwa, natomiast do pomiaru jakości życia zastosowano zaproponowany przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia kwestionariusz WHOQOL-100 służący do oceny sytuacji życiowej pacjentów będącej konsekwencją choroby i stosowanej terapii.Wyniki: Wszyscy badani chorzy byli płci męskiej i chorowali na hemofilię A, co jest zgodne zarówno z epidemiologią schorzenia, jak i z faktem, iż hemofilia A występuje w Polsce znacznie częściej niż hemofilia B. Najliczniejszą grupę (144 mężczyzn) stanowili pacjenci z ciężką postacią choroby, najmniej liczną ze stopniem lekkim (6 osób), natomiast stopień umiarkowany choroby występował u 18 badanych. Trzy czwarte (126 osób) miało wirusowe zapalenie wątroby typu C. W zakresie 6 dziedzin jakości życia zmierzonych za pomocą kwestionariusza WHOQOL-100 najwyższy wynik 14,66 uzyskano wdziedzinie duchowości, religii i osobistych przekonań, natomiast najniższy w dziedzinie fizycznej 12,99, zwłaszcza w podskali mierzącej ból i dyskomfort oraz dziedzinie środowiskowej 12,89.Wnioski: 1. Badana grupa mężczyzn z wrodzoną hemofilią wykazuje średni poziom jakości życia, porównywalny z jakością życia chorych z innych krajów europejskich. 2. Badana grupa chorych najwyżej ocenia dziedzinę związaną z duchowością, religią i osobistymi przekonaniami, natomiast najniżej dziedzinę fizyczną i środowiskową. 3. Na istotne obniżenie globalnej jakości życia wpływa ciężki stopień choroby, wirusowe zapalenie wątroby typu C oraz status rencisty.
Stężenie selenu w narządach i tkankach psa domowego (Canis lupus familiaris) z terenu północno-zachodniej Polski
Authors: Kot Karolina , Piekara Justyna , Kosik-Bogacka Danuta , Łanocha-Arendarczyk Natalia , Budis Halina , Pilarczyk Bogumiła , Tomza-Marciniak Agnieszka , Ciosek Żaneta , Kalisińska Elżbieta
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Selen (Se) jest składnikiem enzymów oksydoredukcyjnych i cytochromów. Wpływa również na wzrost i proliferację komórek oraz jest niezbędny doprawidłowego funkcjonowania układu immunologicznego. Celem badań było oznaczenie stężenia selenu w wątrobie, nerkach, płucach, sercu i tkance mięśniowej psa domowego (Canis lupus familiaris) z terenu północno-zachodniej Polski.Materiały i metody: Próbki narządów i tkanek pobrano od 15 psów w wieku od 1 miesiąca do 17 lat. Dieta zwierząt była podobna do diety człowieka, z niewielką ilością komercyjnej karmy. Stężenia selenu były oznaczane metodą spektrofluorymetryczną.Wyniki: Największe średnie stężenie Se u badanych psów stwierdzono w nerkach (0,57 ±0,42 mg/kg mokrej masy – m.m.), a najmniejsze w mięśniach (0,11 ±0,09 mg/kg m.m.). Średnie stężenie Se w badanych narządach i tkankach psów można ułożyć w następujący szereg: nerki>wątroba>płuca>serce>mięśnie.Wnioski: U 75% badanych psów wartości stężenia Se w badanych materiałach znajdowały się poniżej optymalnego poziomu, co świadczy o niedoborze Se. Wyniki sądowodem na to, że dieta psów bardzo podobna do diety ludzkiej nie jest wystarczająca dla optymalnego poziomu Se w organizmach zwierząt.
Ropień zagardłowy u 56-letniego mężczyzny – rzadkie powikłanie zębopochodnego stanu zapalnego. Własna propozycja skutecznego drenażu
Authors: Sikora Maciej , Sielski Marcin , Stąpor Agata , Chlubek Dariusz
Published: August 2017

Ropień zagardłowy u osób dorosłych jest schorzeniem występującym rzadko. W niewielkiej liczbie przypadków jest to powikłanie zębopochodnego stanu zapalnego implikowanego przyjmowaniem metotreksatu. Przypadek taki został opisany w niniejszej pracy.W rozpoznaniu ropnia zagardłowego istotną rolę odgrywa diagnostyka obrazowa ze wskazaniem na tomografię komputerową szyi z kontrastem. Po właściwym ustaleniu rozpoznania niezbędne jest szybkie wdrożenie właściwego postępowania terapeutycznego: zachowawczego w postaci antybiotykoterapii o szerokim spektrum, a w uzasadnionych sytuacjach również chirurgicznego. U chorych leczonych chirurgicznie stosuje się przezszyjny dostęp do przestrzeni zagardłowej. W przypadku opisanym w niniejszej pracy zastosowano drenaż przestrzeni zagardłowej za pomocą drenu płuczącego własnej konstrukcji, który umożliwił skuteczne odprowadzenie treści ropnej. Postępowanie to pozwoliło na uniknięcie niebezpiecznego powikłania, jakim jest zstępujące martwicze zapalenie śródpiersia, i umożliwiło całkowite wyleczenie chorego.Słowa kluczowe: dren płuczący; drenaż przestrzeni zagardłowej; ropień zagardłowy; tomografia komputerowa z kontrastem.
Leczenie sanatoryjne gruźlicy płuc przed rokiem 1854
Authors: Kierzek Andrzej , Paprocka-Borowicz Małgorzata , Kuciel-Lewandowska Jadwiga , Laber Wojciech , Józefowski Piotr , Kotuła Jacek
Published: August 2017

Leczenie gruźlicy płuc powietrzem i odpowiedni dietą znane było od kilku tysięcy lat. Zagadnienie to rozpatrywane było m.in. przez Aulusa Corneliusa Celsusa (53 r. p.n.e.–7 r. n.e.), Areteusza zKapadocji (I–II. w.), Pliniusza Starszego (24–79) i Galena. Przyjmuje się, że pierwsze sanatorium przeciwgruźlicze zostało założone w Görbersdorfie (Sokołowsko) na Śląsku w 1854 r. przez Hermanna Brehmera (1821–1889), lekarza niemieckiego, który leczył choroby dróg oddechowych. Jednak już wcześniej zajmowano się tym problemem. Angielski lekarz William Buchan (1729–1805) w wydanym w 1769 r. dziele „Domestic medicine or the family physician” zalecał na gruźlicę płuc czyste i świeże powietrze, odżywianie się mlekiem oraz przejażdżki konne. George Bodington (1799–1882), autor „Essay on the treatment and cure of pulmonary consumption on principles natural, rational and successful”, na 14 lat przed Brehmerem przedstawił zasady leczenia sanatoryjnego gruźlicy płuc powietrzem i dietą w Sutton Coldfield w hrabstwie Warwickshire. W 1846 r. John Forbes (1787–1861) i Charles James Blasius Williams (1805–1889) założyli The Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest w Brompton, duży zakład przeznaczony wyłącznie dla chorych na gruźlicę. Były to osiągnięcia niezwykle istotne dla leczenia sanatoryjnego gruźlicy płuc.
Glioblastoma multiforme in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency and multiple malignancies – a case report
Authors: Larysz Michał , Becht Rafał , Falco Michał , Nawrocki Przemysław , Kojder Ireneusz
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTA case of glioblastoma multiforme in female patient suffering from common variable immune deficiency syndrome is presented. The patient with history of previously treated due to breast carcinoma and ovarian cancer. The patient underwent craniotomy twice followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide and finally died after 11 months.
PROMISING RESULTS FROM CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE BASED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION THERAPY OF THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA
Authors: Guzicka-Kazimierczak Renata , Kazimierczak Arkadiusz , Clark Jeremy
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Plamica małopłytkowa zakrzepowa (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura – TTP) jest chorobą występującą rzadko. Z tego powodu mała liczba pacjentów w badaniach jej poświęconych skutkuje słabymi statystycznie dowodami wspierającymi zalecenia terapeutyczne. Przyczyną choroby jest niedobór metaloproteinazy 13 (ADAMTS-13), który prowadzi do powstawania polimerów czynnika von Willebranda i zatorów płytkowych w małych naczyniach. Leczenie polega na wymianie osocza. Immunosupresja opierająca się na cyklofosfamidzie nie jest rekomendowana w aktualnych zaleceniach. Celem pracy była ocena wczesnych i odległych wyników leczenia oraz określenie czynników prognostycznych.Materiał i metody: Badanie obejmowało retrospektywną ocenę 10 chorych, hospitalizowanych 14 razy z powodu pierwotnego lub nawrotowego wystąpienia TTP. Zalecane leczenie zastosowano we wszystkich przypadkach, włączając całkowitą wymianę osocza (0,5–2 objętości osocza), którego objętość wyniosła średnio 24,6 L w czasie 20 dni (mediana). Wszyscy chorzy otrzymali glukokortykosteroidy. Immunosupresja (oparta na cyklofosfamidzie w 7 przypadkach) była dodatkowo użyta w 70% (9 pacjentów).Wyniki: Spośród 11 chorych 9 (70%) przeżyło i uzyskało remisję. Połowa utrzymała długoterminową remisję. Średni czas obserwacji wyniósł 36 miesięcy (mediana 14,5 miesięcy, od 10 dni do 108 miesięcy). Czynniki poprawiające szansę uzyskania remisji to: wiek do 55 lat (p < 0,05), niestwierdzenie tachykardii przy przyjęciu (p < 0,001) i immunosupresja oparta na cyklofosfamidzie (p = 0,032).Wnioski: Tachykardia oraz wiek powyżej 55 lat stwierdzone przy rozpoznaniu TTP zmniejszają szanse przeżycia i remisji. Immunosupresja oparta na cyklofosfamidzie prawdopodobnie zwiększa szansę uzyskania remisji w TTP.
Evaluation of Imazapic Applications for Establishment of Southeastern Wildrye
Authors: Rushing J. Brett , Thornton Matthew T.
Published: August 2017

Core Ideas

Southeastern wildrye can be successfully established using imazapic as a pre‐ and post‐emergence herbicide.

Lower rates of imazapic are successful at controlling winter annual weeds, such as henbit and little barley, during establishment of southeastern wildrye.

Southeastern wildrye end of season dry matter yields decrease with increasing rates of imazapic.

Southeastern wildrye [Elymus glabriflorus (Vasey ex L.H. Dewey) Scrib & C.R. Ball] is a native, cool‐season, perennial grass that shows promise as a forage crop for the southeastern United States. Little is known about the proper methods of establishment for this species, particularly its ability to tolerate pre‐ and post‐emergence applications of imazapic. Replicated field trials were established in Newton and Starkville, MS, in the fall of 2014 and 2015. Pre‐ and post‐emergence treatments included an untreated control, and application rates of 0.035, 0.07, 0.105, and 0.14 kg ai ha−1, which were applied to conventionally seeded plots. Seedling counts and height data were collected at bi‐weekly intervals, along with visual ratings for weed control. End of season dry matter (DM) yields were also recorded for both establishment years. As expected, higher rates (0.105 and 0.14 kg a.i. ha−1) of imazapic caused significant damage to emerging seedlings in both pre‐ and post‐emergence applications. These rates resulted in greater weed control, but ultimately, in reduced DM yields. Lower pre‐emergence application rates (0.035–0.07 kg a.i. ha−1) resulted in acceptable weed control, and minimal seedling damage. Results from these field trials demonstrates the ability to successfully establish southeastern wildrye with the use of imazapic, thus providing beneficial information for the development of this species as a forage crop for the Southeast.
Combining Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors with Incorporation Reduces Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Increases Corn Yields
Authors: Drury Craig F. , Yang Xueming , Reynolds W. Dan , Calder Wayne , Oloya Tom O. , Woodley Alex L.
Published: August 2017

Less than 50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is typically recovered by corn (Zea mays L.) due to climatic constraints, soil degradation, overapplication, and losses to air and water. Two application methods, two N sources, and two inhibitors were evaluated to reduce N losses and enhance crop uptake. The treatments included broadcast urea (BrUrea), BrUrea with a urease inhibitor (BrUrea+UI), BrUrea with a urease and a nitrification inhibitor (BrUrea+UI+NI), injection of urea ammonium nitrate (InjUAN), and injected with one or both inhibitors (InjUAN+UI, InjUAN+UI+NI), and a control. The BrUrea treatment lost 50% (64.4 kg N ha−1) of the applied N due to ammonia volatilization, but losses were reduced by 64% with BrUrea+UI+NI (23.0 kg N ha−1) and by 60% with InjUAN (26.1 kg N ha−1). Ammonia losses were lower and crop yields were greater in 2014 than 2013 as a result of the more favorable weather when N was applied in 2014. When ammonia volatilization was reduced by adding a urease inhibitor, N2O emissions were increased by 30 to 31% with BrUrea+UI and InjUAN+UI compared with BrUrea and InjUAN, respectively. Pollution swapping was avoided when both inhibitors were used (BrUrea+UI+NI, InjUAN+UI+NI) as both ammonia volatilization and N2O emissions were reduced, and corn grain yields increased by 5% with BrUrea+UI+NI and by 7% with InjUAN+UI+NI compared with BrUrea and InjUAN, respectively. The combination of two N management strategies (InjUAN+UI+NI) increased yields by 19% (12.9 t ha−1) compared with BrUrea (10.8 t ha−1).

Core Ideas

Ammonia volatilization resulted in 50% loss of applied urea over 2 yr.

When urease inhibitors were added with urea, ammonia volatilization was reduced by 64%.

Injection of UAN reduced ammonia volatilization by 60% compared with broadcast urea.

N2O emissions were increased by 30 to 31% when urease inhibitors were applied.

Pollution swapping was avoided when both urease and nitrification inhibitors were used.
Potassium Application Affects Key Enzyme Activities of Sucrose Metabolism during Seed Filling in Vegetable Soybean
Authors: Liu Changkai , Tu Bingjie , Li Yansheng , Tian Bowen , Zhang Qiuying , Liu Xiaobing , Herbert Stephen J.
Published: August 2017

Pot experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with two vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars (‘Zhongkemaodou 1’ and ‘121’) under normal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus application with three potassium (K) fertilization treatments: no K application (K0), 120 kg K2SO4 ha−1 at seeding (K1), and 120 kg K2SO4 ha−1 at seeding + 1% K2SO4 foliar application at flowering (K2). Potassium application significantly increased seed sucrose concentration, and the highest seed sucrose concentrations were uniformly observed in the treatment of foliar K application after flowering. At 7 wk after flowering, the highest stage of seed sucrose concentration, K1 and K2 treatments increased sucrose concentration by 19.8 to 44% and 29.1 to 86.4% for Zhongkemaodou 1, and 7.2 to 42.1% and 26.2 to 63.8% for 121, respectively. Changes of net activities of sucrose‐metabolizing enzymes in seed paralleled the trend of sucrose accumulation. Potassium application increased the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase with increased sucrose synthesis but reduced the activity of sucrose synthase with increased sucrose decomposition. Potassium application also reduced the activities of acid invertase and neutral invertase, especially around seed ripening. Potassium fertilization enhanced seed net activities of key enzymes in sucrose metabolism and subsequently induced the increase in sucrose concentration of vegetable soybean.
Correction of Known Position Errors in a Spherical Near to Far-Field Transformation for Long Antennas
Authors: Cicchetti Renato , D’Agostino Francesco , Ferrara Flaminio , Gennarelli Claudio , Guerriero Rocco , Migliozzi Massimo
Published: August 2017

Background:

This paper provides the experimental validation of an efficient iterative procedure to correct known position errors in a spherical near to far-field (NTFF) transformation for elongated antennas which uses a minimum number of NF measurements.

Method:

This transformation exploits a non-redundant sampling representation of the voltage detected by the probe obtained by shaping a long antenna with a prolate ellipsoid. The uniform samples, those at the points set by the representation, are accurately reconstructed from the acquired not regularly distributed (non-uniform) ones by using an iterative scheme, which requires a one to one relationship between each uniform sampling point and the corresponding non-uniform one. Then a 2-D optimal sampling formula is adopted to evaluate the input data needed to perform the traditional spherical NTFF transformation from the retrieved non-redundant uniform samples.

Conclusion:

Finally, laboratory proofs have been reported to demonstrate the validity of the presented technique from a practical viewpoint.
On the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth
Authors: Ramírez-Rámiz Albert , Brunet-LLobet Lluís , Lahor-Soler Eduard , Miranda-Rius Jaume
Published: August 2017

Introduction:

Gingival overgrowth has been linked to multiple factors such as adverse drug effects, inflammation, neoplastic processes, and hereditary gingival fibromatosis. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is a well-established adverse event. In early stages, this gingival enlargement is usually located in the area of the interdental papilla. Histologically, there is an increase in the different components of the extracellular matrix.

Objective:

The aim of this manuscript is to describe and analyze the different cellular and molecular agents involved in the pathogenesis of Drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Method:

A literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted to identify the mechanisms involved in the process of drug-induced gingival overgrowth, with the assistance of a research librarian. We present several causal hypotheses and discuss the advances in the understanding of the mechanisms that trigger this gingival alteration.

Results:

In vitrostudies have revealed phenotypic cellular changes in keratinocytes and fibroblasts and an increase of the extracellular matrix with collagen and glycosaminoglycans. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth confirms the key role of collagenase and integrins, membrane receptors present in the fibroblasts, due to their involvement in the catabolism of collagen. The three drug categories implicated: calcineuron inhibitors (immunosuppressant drugs), calcium channel blocking agents and anticonvulsant drugs appear to present a multifactorial pathogenesis with a common molecular action: the blockage of the cell membrane in the Ca2+/Na+ ion flow. The alteration of the uptake of cellular folic acid, which depends on the regulated channels of active cationic transport and on passive diffusion, results in a dysfunctional degradation of the connective tissue. Certain intermediate molecules such as cytokines and prostaglandins play a role in this pathological mechanism. The concomitant inflammatory factor encourages the appearance of fibroblasts, which leads to gingival fibrosis. Susceptibility to gingival overgrowth in some fibroblast subpopulations is due to phenotypic variability and genetic polymorphism, as shown by the increase in the synthesis of molecules related to the response of the gingival tissue to inducing drugs. The authors present a diagram depicting various mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Conclusion:

Individual predisposition, tissue inflammation, and molecular changes in response to the inducing drug favor the clinical manifestation of gingival overgrowth.
Construction Material-Based Methodology for Contingency Base Selection
Authors: Al-Chaar Ghassan K. , Guertin Patrick J. , Valentino Michael K. , Baxter Carey L. , Calfas George W.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Military and nonmilitary organizations need the capability to support their expeditionary forces by selecting a temporary base of operations that projects a minimal footprint and reduces logistical burdens. For example, strategically sited temporary bases anticipate impacts on the local context and its population of siting and operating temporary bases.

Objective:

This paper describes a methodology to assess the practicality of incorporating local construction materials when planning for contingency operations in a given region. While the assessment methodology was originally developed for military planners, the principles and methods are applicable to any organization that is considering building and operating temporary locations in foreign nations.

Method:

The methodology assesses factors such as population densities, main building types, geographical regions, port locations, railroad locations, road networks, airport locations, flood-risk areas, and construction materials. The methodology optimizes all factors to yield the best material-based solution for site selection. To demonstrate the developed methodology, two hypothetical case studies are described–Dhaka in Bangladesh for its high-population density and Maiduguri in Nigeria for its low-population density and potential for disruption.

Results:

This methodology provides a contingency site selection process that does not currently exist and will assist in the reduction of materiel demand, minimize footprint, and reduce the risk to personnel. The methodology captures factors such as population densities, main building types, geographical regions, port locations, railroad locations, road networks, airport locations, flood-risk areas, and construction materials and optimizes all factors to yield the best material-based solution for site selection.

Conclusion:

This methodology provides a contingency site selection process that does not currently exist for mission planners. It is designed to produce a methodology with a goal of developing a GIS-based decision support tool to assist in siting bases of operations.
Grandparents’ Perspectives on Parent-Adult Child Relationships During the Transition to Grandparenthood
Authors: Munz Elizabeth A
Published: August 2017

Objective:

The aim of this study on the transition to grandparenthood is to capture grandparents’ perspectives on their relationship and communication with their adult children when their adult children was expecting their first child or became new parents within the past year. More specifically, the study aimed to uncover 1) Intergenerational issues identified by grandparents during the transition to grandparenthood and 2) Factors influencing grandparents’ communication and relationships with their adult children during this time of family transition.

Method:

Participants were 19 grandparents in the U.S., 15 grandmothers and 4 grandfathers who were about to welcome the first child of one of their children (N = 8), who had welcomed the first child of one of their children in the past year (N = 10), or who had both a child who was expecting and a child who had welcomed their first child within the past year (N = 1). Qualitative data analysis was conducted on transcripts from the grandparent interviews utilizing the constant comparative technique and thematic analysis to identify categories and emergent themes.

Results:

Grandparent participants shared their perspectives on the intergenerational transmission of parenting practices, reflected on changes in parental roles over time, and identified communication facilitator and barriers during this time of transition. These categories and emergent themes are explicated in the results section along with supporting excerpts from grandparent interviews.

Conclusion:

The transition to grandparenthood impacts communication and relationships between grandparents and their adult children by shaping the content, frequency, and medium of communication. Understanding grandparents’ perspectives on this time of transition adds to existing research on families focused mainly on the adult child’s perspective.
Effects of Vitamin D2 Supplementation on Vitamin D3 Metabolism in Health and CKD
Authors: Batacchi Zona , Robinson-Cohen Cassianne , Hoofnagle Andrew N. , Isakova Tamara , Kestenbaum Bryan , Martin Kevin J. , Wolf Myles S. , de Boer Ian H.
Published: August 2017

Background and objectives

Vitamin D supplements are prescribed to correct low circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In CKD, vitamin D metabolism is complicated by decreased conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by CYP27B1 and possibly decreased conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by CYP24A1. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of vitamin D2 supplementation on vitamin D metabolism in health and CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a treatment-only intervention study of 25 individuals with CKD (eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and 44 individuals without CKD from three academic centers, all with screening 25-hydroxyvitamin D <30 ng/ml. Each participant was prescribed vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) 50,000 IU orally twice weekly for 5 weeks. We tested whether changes in plasma concentrations of vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D metabolic ratios differed by CKD status. Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-to-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ratio and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-to-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ratio were calculated as estimates of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 function, respectively.

Results

With treatment, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations increased similarly for participants with and without CKD. For participants without CKD, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 increased (2.8±1.3–32.9±1.4 pg/ml), whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 decreased (45.6±1.9–14.6±1.9 pg/ml), resulting in no significant change in total 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-to-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ratio decreased (3.0±0.2–1.7±0.2 pg/ng), and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-to-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ratio increased (115.7±7.8–195.2±7.9 pg/ng). Individuals with CKD had lower baseline levels and smaller changes in magnitude for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (2.1±1.6–24.4±1.6 pg/ml; P interaction =0.01), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-to-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ratio (1.8±0.2–1.1±0.2 pg/ng; P interaction =0.05), and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-to-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ratio (72.0±9.1–110.3±9.3 pg/ng; P interaction <0.001). Fibroblast growth factor-23 and parathyroid hormone were not significantly changed in either group.

Conclusions

Vitamin D2 supplementation decreases conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and induces vitamin D3 catabolism as evidenced by changes in D3 metabolites and vitamin D metabolic ratios. These effects occur without significant changes in fibroblast growth factor-23 or parathyroid hormone and are blunted in CKD.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2017_08_02_CJASNPodcast_17_09.mp3
THE STUDY OF INDONESIAN MOSLEM RESPONSES ON SALAFY- SHIA TRANSNATIONAL ISLAMIC EDUCATION INSTITUTION, SHIASHIA
Authors: Muhtarom Ali
Published: August 2017

This article describes the Indonesian Moslem responses to the institution of transnational Islamic education of Salafi and ShiaShia in Indonesia. This can not be separated from the role of Saudi Arabia and Iran in the establishment of these educational institutions. The main objective of the Salafi’s education is to purify the form of Islam practiced by Indonesia Moslems. Meanwhile the main objective of the ShiaShia’s education is to introduce the ShiaShia Islamic thought, notably after the revolution of Iran in 1979. There are two responses on transnational Islamic Education from Indonesian Moslems. The first is rejection that represents the puritanist and traditionalist group. The puritanist group are DDII, Persis, Al-Irsyad, and FUUI. ShiaShiaMeanwhile, the traditionalist group especifically inherited by some figures of Nahdlatul Ulama as a form of maintaining the local religious tradition and culture. The second is acceptance that is shown by the moderate Moslems in Indonesia. This group includes Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama that need to promote understanding of tolerance ShiaShia.
Desenvolvimento sustentável nas organizações como oportunidade de novos negócios
Authors: De Oliveira Macsuel Miranda , Silva Medeiros Maria Helena Amaral da , Silva Rosangela Leopoldino da , Pampanelli Lucas Giovana Azevedo
Published: August 2017

A sustentabilidade pode ser entendida como a convivência harmoniosa do homem com a natureza. O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar como uma empresa pode crescer em termos econômicos adotando práticas de sustentabilidade.  Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, o trabalho tem como finalidade analisar a responsabilidade dos indivíduos e das organizações ao que se refere à preservação do meio ambiente. As organizações têm como desafio encontrar soluções para ajustar crescimento as possibilidades de produção da natureza, e estabelecer critérios e parâmetros adequados para atender práticas de responsabilidade social, contribuindo assim, para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária. O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, e novos processos que permitem um crescimento econômico com utilização de menos matéria-prima e a redução de recursos naturais beneficiam o meio ambiente e atrai a atenção do consumidor, o qual opta por empresas ambientalmente corretas. Os resultados do estudo apontam que, os investimentos em práticas sustentáveis proporcionam credibilidade para as organizações diante de seus stakerholders e retornam para a organização através de vantagem competitiva, evidenciados pela Empresa citada no estudo de caso, que compatibiliza crescimento econômico e sustentabilidade, através da inovação em seus processos e novas tecnologias.
O uso do blog como facilitador da aprendizagem
Authors: Manhaes Ana Claudia
Published: August 2017

Este estudo tem embasamento o uso do blog como ferramenta pedagógica no Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVAs) no espaço escolar que deve ser utilizado pelo professor para dinamizar as aulas e provocar o interesse dos alunos pelos conteúdos. O conhecimento aprendido na aplicação do blog deve ser transformador e significativo de maneira que o aluno aprenda, participe e elabore o pensamento crítico. O intuito do trabalho é verificar a potencialidade do uso das mídias digitais como facilitador do processo ensino-aprendizagem, proporcionar a aprendizagem colaborativa e promover transformações concretas na relação professor-aluno, tornando as aulas mais dinâmicas e interessantes. Hoje, nossos alunos estão envolvidos todo o tempo com as tecnologias digitais e internet e utilizá-las no contexto escolar é favorável para os professores que se preocupam com as mudanças que a nova educação almeja a fim de atingir concretamente o interesse e aprendizado dos alunos. Assim, este estudo foi buscar na prática à aplicação essa ferramenta blog num grupo de 15 alunos do curso de Aprendizagem Assistente Administrativo de uma instituição de ensino de referência no mercado de trabalho. Os alunos vivenciaram a criação do blog no laboratório de informática da instituição e validaram a pesquisa respondendo a um questionário que foi analisado neste trabalho.
A Crise dos paradigmas: A metodologia do positivismo e novas possibilidades da pluralidade metodológica em ciências humanas
Authors: Figueiredo Antonio José
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo fazer reflexões sobre a crise dos paradigmas nas ciências humanas no que se refere aos aspectos metodológicos utilizados, apresentando o positivismo como modelo metodológico soberano utilizado pelas ciências naturais, causando uma crise nesses paradigmas utilizados pelas ciências humanas por causar posteriormente alguns reflexos na natureza epistemológica dos processos de construção do conhecimento em ciências humanas na busca da verdade possível dos métodos nas ciências humanas  comparando o conhecimento científico com a metáfora da flecha e da lança para atingir alvos mais longínquos e mais perto da realidade humana.
Embalagem em duplo sentido:importância para a logística e meio ambiente
Authors: Monteiro Adival de Sousa , Carmo Claudia Larissa Reis , Cesar Lubhia Cusatodio , Babrosa Marcus Vinícius , Ferreira Salete Leone
Published: August 2017

A embalagem é uma ferramenta fundamental para a Logística, pois também atua como marketing para a empresa, além disso, tem a finalidade de zelar pela segurança no manuseio e no transporte do produto. Acredita-se que sua importância, não se limita a esses fatos, pois possui uma grande relevância quanto à responsabilidade ambiental da empresa e por isso sua constituição deve ser pensada de forma que possibilite melhor descarte junto ao meio ambiente. Deste modo, pretende-se responder de que forma as embalagens podem auxiliar as organizações quanto a sua responsabilidade ambiental? O trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar a importância do sistema de embalagem para o processo de logística reversa e seu descarte junto ao meio ambiente. Metodologicamente o trabalho utilizou de pesquisa bibliográfica e de releitura de estudo de caso disponível na internet, através do artigo “A Logística no Retorno de Pallets de uma Indústria de Bebidas”, dos autores Sabbadini; Pedro; Barbosa (2005), apresentado no SEGeT (2005). Observou-se que a busca por um melhor desempenho em relação a distribuição dos produtos e o retorno das embalagens, de forma que garanta seu descarte consciente, representa uma alternativa fácil e necessária para as empresas que procuram estar de acordo com as questões ambientais.
Estratégias de captação e fidelização de cliente de crédito consignado
Authors: De Lavor Lopes Paloma , Pontes Alcioni de Souza
Published: August 2017

O crédito consignado é o melhor produto financeiro de crédito do país voltado para pessoa física, seu desenvolvimento só foi possível por conta da existência de uma ampla rede de correspondentes em todos os municípios brasileiros. Disponíveis para os funcionários de empresas públicas, privadas, aposentados e pensionistas do INSS, suas principais características são a taxa ofertada, que é a menor do mercado e prazo longo. Devido a tanta concorrência, as empresas são obrigadas a viver em busca de estratégias para captar e fidelizar os clientes. O objetivo geral desse projeto é identificar quais são os melhores métodos de captação e fidelização do cliente de crédito consignado. Como metodologia utilizou-se tanto a pesquisa bibliográfica quanto um estudo de caso em um Correspondente Bancário Santander.  Após analise dos dados foi possível identificar que a melhor estratégia de captação é a indicação e a melhor estratégia para fidelizar os clientes na atualidade é o relacionamento.
Capacitação profissional do auditor nas instituições de ensino e sua inserção no mercado
Authors: Silva Fanne Reis da , Lopes Paloma de Lavor , Barbosa Marcus Vinicius
Published: August 2017

As crescentes mudanças no cenário econômico demandam mais e mais preparo dos profissionais e qualificação. O intuito dessa pesquisa foi identificar se as IES estão de fato preparando esses profissionais para sua inserção no mercado sem que tenham treinamento adicional. A contabilidade é uma ciência em constante evolução e tem como principal finalidade analisar ocorrências no Patrimônio das empresas. A globalização propiciou o surgimento de muitas empresas de capitais abertos, onde tornou-se necessário a averiguação, seguida de fidedignidade das informações obtidas através dos seus lançamentos no Patrimônio. Para garantir veracidade dos lançamentos e maior confiança de seus acionistas surgiu o profissional do auditor Independente, o qual seria responsável por analisar tais informações e garantindo-as. Alem do auditor independente, surgiu o auditor interno com função de garantir o melhor funcionamento dos controles internos das empresas, orientar junto a administração formas para a melhoria continua, caso fosse necessário. Foram analisados conteúdos programáticos tanto das IES, responsáveis diretas pela inserção desse profissional no mercado, quanto das grandes firmas que recrutariam esses discentes. Esse estudo nos possibilitou entender que as IES e as grandes firmas possuem em seu programa de treinamento disciplinas semelhantes as que são exigidas pela cartilha criada pela Fundação Brasileira de Contabilidade, porém com ênfase e direcionamento diferentes. Uma vez que as IES treinam seus discentes mas sem muita ênfase, afim de que eles conheçam as disciplinas e as grandes firmas aprimoram esse conhecimento com treinamentos específicos de acordo com sua estrutura e seus controles internos, afim de que os mesmos atinjam seus objetivos.
Musculação para gestantes: entre efeitos e indicações
Authors: Silva Pedro Enrico Caldas , Lisboa Tamara Santos , Barros Glhevysson dos Santos , Oliveira Paulo Sérgio Pimentel de
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho foi elaborado com intuito de ajudar outros profissionais de educação física a trabalharem com gestantes de uma forma segura e significativa. Dessa maneira, o objetivo do estudo é identificar os efeitos e indicações na musculação para gestantes. A metodologia foi delineada como bibliográfica, que foi utilizado artigos científicos como base para o estudo. Diante da pesquisa, pôde fundamentar sobre a importância da musculação durante a gestação e os benefícios da prática.Palavras-chave: Gestante; Musculação; Benefícios.
O papel dos gestores de RH de estabelecedores de novos modelos de convivência nas organizações através da mediação de conflitos geracionais
Authors: Moura Renan Gomes de , Lopes Paloma De Lavor
Published: August 2017

Em meio a diferentes profissionais, cada um com seu modo de pensar sobre o trabalho e forma de trabalhar, o conflito facilmente instala-se num ambiente organizacional gerando choques de ideias e consequentemente perda da produtividade. Nesse momento o gestor de Recursos Humanos possui um papel fundamental, o de mediador. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo geral evidenciar o papel do gestor de Recursos Humanos diante de conflitos geracionais. Para tanto, foi realizada tanto uma pesquisa bibliográfica quanto uma pesquisa de campo visando evidenciar os conflitos existentes em uma organização. Os resultados alcançados por esse trabalho permitiram analisar que os conflitos entre Geração Baby Boomers, Geração X e Geração Y, podem ser minimizados a partir do momento que os gestores modifiquem seu modo de lidar com os diferentes profissionais, entendendo as causas dos conflitos para chegar à resolução mais assertiva possível.
REFLEXÃO ACERCA DA FINALIDADE DA LEI ATRAVÉS DA ANÁLISE DA PEC DAS DOMÉSTICAS
Authors: Petry Alana , Da Rosa Luana Cristina
Published: August 2017

O trabalho doméstico é um dos mais antigos da humanidade, mas também é um dos mais defasados no tocante a direitos trabalhistas. A justificativa utilizada para isso seria a impossibilidade de se conceder igualdade jurídica entre os empregados domésticos e os demais, visto que não há entre eles igualdade fática. Contudo, a Constituição Federal de 1988 e a Emenda Constitucional 72/2013 trouxeram novos direitos a esta classe de trabalhadores. A pesquisa possui caráter qualitativo, bibliográfico e dedutivo, trazendo um breve relato da história dos empregados domésticos. Tem como objetivo analisar a Emenda Constitucional 72/2013, refletindo sobre a finalidade da lei. Conclui-se que a norma constitucional analisada influi no comportamento e na realidade social e também atende aos interesses da classe dominante, daqueles que possuem interesse na manutenção e na continuidade do trabalho doméstico. Assim, não há dúvida de que o direito exerce um controle sobre as pessoas e a sociedade, através dos usos, costumes, práticas sociais e das leis.
OFICINA DE MÚSICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS: CRIANDO UMA MUSICOTECA
Authors: Luersen Tamara Cristina , Munhoz Angelica Vier
Published: August 2017

Este artigo é o recorte de um trabalho de conclusão do curso de Pedagogia, realizado no Centro Universitário UNIVATES, durante o período de fevereiro a novembro de 2016. Trata-se, inicialmente, de um estudo da noção de paisagem sonora em meio proposto pelo educador musical Murray Schafer. A partir de tais estudos buscou-se realizar uma oficina de música com alunos do primeiro ano de uma escola pública, localizada em Teutônia/RS, pautada na sensibilização das crianças e na utilização de materiais reutilizáveis, culminando na criação de uma musicoteca. Como o estudo envolvia a Educação Musical na escola, buscou-se também a aproximação com os documentos do Ministério da Educação acerca do ensino de música. Ao final, constatou-se que as experiências vivenciadas pelo grupo de crianças possibilitou novas formas de sentir, escutar e vivenciar os sons, criando outras paisagens sonoras.
TRABALHO DE CONCLUSÃO DE CURSO NA GRADUAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA – LICENCIATURA: SOBRE O QUE PESQUISAR?
Authors: Lopes Francis Taini da Silva , Neuenfeldt Derli Juliano
Published: August 2017

O estudo teve por objetivo identificar e analisar quais fatores influenciam acadêmicos de um curso de Educação Física - Licenciatura na definição da escolha do tema de estudo do seu TCC. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, de cunho qualitativo. As informações foram coletadas mediante a realização de um questionário com 12 acadêmicos de um curso de Educação Física – Licenciatura do RS/BRA, todos matriculados no semestre 2016B, na disciplina de Estudos Dirigidos para Conclusão de Curso ou no Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso. Evidenciou-se que os acadêmicos fazem a escolha do tema baseados na sua história de vida, na identificação pessoal com o assunto e, também, por buscarem conhecimentos que pretendem utilizar futuramente no campo profissional.
A VIOLAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS DE PERSONALIDADE DE VÍTIMAS DE ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO PELA EXPOSIÇÃO DE IMAGENS
Authors: Schmitt Sabrina , Chemin Beatris Francisca
Published: August 2017

O desenvolvimento da tecnologia ensejou o surgimento de novas ferramentas de comunicação, as quais proporcionaram inúmeras facilidades para o convívio social. No entanto, a utilização descontrolada de alguns desses instrumentos vem causando invasões na esfera individual das pessoas, que sofrem com exposições indevidas de sua imagem, honra e privacidade. Assim, este artigo acadêmico tem como objetivo analisar a ocorrência da violação dos direitos de personalidade de vítimas de acidentes de trânsito, que têm sua imagem exibida nos mais diversos espaços de comunicação, como jornais, redes sociais e aplicativos na internet. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de método dedutivo e de procedimento técnico bibliográfico e documental. Dessa forma, a primeira seção versa sobre a descrição dos direitos de personalidade, previstos na Constituição Federal como direitos fundamentais. Em seguida, faz reflexões sobre os direitos à liberdade de expressão e de informação. Finalmente, examina a exposição de imagens de acidentados, situação que pode gerar colisão de direitos fundamentais entre o direito à informação e os direitos de personalidade. Nesse sentido, conclui que os casos de exposição de imagens de vítimas de acidentes de trânsito devem ser interpretados por intermédio da aplicação do princípio da ponderação, o qual leva em consideração principalmente as circunstâncias particulares do exercício de cada caso. Em vista disso, ainda não há entendimento unânime quanto à questão, mas se compreende que ocorre a violação dos direitos de personalidade quando a imagem veiculada se revestir de sensacionalismo, de exageros, os quais são desnecessários à comunicação da ocorrência do acidente.
LENDING TO INDIVIDUALS BY COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC: CURRENT STATE
Authors: АЛИКАЕВА Мадина , ALIKAEVA Madina , Оборин Матвей , Oborin Matvey , НАЛЧАДЖИ Татьяна , NALCHADZHI Tatiana , Гварлиани Татьяна , Gvarliani Tat'yana
Published: August 2017

Lending to individuals remains popular among residents of Russia, even in the financial crisis. The development of these types of banking services is c restrained by factors such as high risks of loan default, lack of effective credit management, weak credit infrastructure, lack of information support of banks, high interest rates. In these circumstances, there is a need to develop new approaches to lending to individuals by banks in promoting economic, political and social development of Kabardino-Balkar Republic.

The article is aimed at investigation the current state and identifying trends in lending. In the research process the authors have investigated the current state of analyzed services and systematized data on the status and trends of the lending market in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic. The article presents results of a comparative analysis of features of lending to individuals by banks of the republic. As a research result, the authors have identified promising areas of lending and offered changes in the system of consumer crediting.

The scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of financial, credit systems, economic analysis and marketing research were used in the research. The authors used such general scientific methods, as analysis, synthesis, analogy. The method of analytical groupings and comparative analysis were used to process bank statements. The graphical method were used for visual interpretation of the research results.

As a result of the marketing study, the authors have revealed prefer-ences of consumers of Kabardino-Balkar Republic in the field of lending, as well as the factors affecting the choice of bank. The results of the study can be used by banks in Kabardino-Balkaria to improve activities in the field of lending to individuals.

The authors have also discovered the most popular types of loans in residents of Kabardino-Balkaria. high interest rates, long procedure of loans, lack of risk insurance are the main reasons that reduce the de-mand for loans.