bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El papel de los medios de comunicación en la construcción de opinión pública en el programa de Administración Pública de la CUN
Authors: Medina Plazas Gina Marsella , López Martínez Carol Yasmine
Published: June 2023

Actualmente, la participación política está ligada a los medios de comunicación de tal forma que se requiere de los dos para su funcionamiento. Es de anotar que los medios de comunicación son el sistema más influyente para que los ciudadanos sean informados. Lo que se busca con esta investigación es determinar la veracidad de los medios de comunicación, teniendo en cuenta la información que suministran, y de esta forma comparar lo que la gente conoce respecto al tema, para medir la transparencia de la misma. La iniciativa se generó por medio de un programa radial, donde se traen invitados de trayectoria política, adicionalmente, se realizan entrevistas a gente del común y a nuestros estudiantes de Administración Pública, abarcando temas como la participación política, el proceso de paz y el conflicto armado, de esta manera determinar qué tan informada se encuentra la sociedad. Hemos logrado concluir que los medios de comunicación privados no han sido lo suficientemente transparentes y claros en el momento de proporcionar una información concreta, precisa y puntual, por el contrario, han generado varios interrogantes, que nosotros hemos querido indagar, promover y resolver.
Editorial 2016B
Authors: Rodríguez Luna Sebastián
Published: June 2023

El presente número de la revista Opinión Publica es resultado del trabajo riguroso y coordinado de una comunidad académica cada vez más productiva e interdisciplinaria. De allí que contenga artículos que se ocupan de temas tan diversos como la gestión cultural, la comunicación ambiental, las fiestas tradicionales colombianas o el lugar del crimen en la sociedad.
Desarrollo y Globalización ¿Quién define el rumbo?
Authors: Rodríguez González Leonardo Fredy
Published: June 2023

Las lecturas sobre el Desarrollo existentes y aplicables hoy en día a nuestros Estado – Nación en Latinoamérica, podrían agruparse en aquellas que entienden la globalización y el desarrollo como un acto profundamente económico, que dibuja actores de primer y tercer orden, y que en su proceso, determina comportamientos y reglas de juego generales para toda la sociedad en función del mercado; y aquellos que ven el proceso desde una lógica más compleja, en la que convergen múltiples variables de orden social, político, económico, ambiental y cultural, donde lo económico se concibe prioritariamente como respuesta a la historicidad y la necesidad social, lo que prima en ello no es el mercado sino la penuria social, no busca hegemonizar sino generar lecturas comunes respetando símbolos y costumbres, y ve en la idea de desarrollo mucho más que industrializar y crecer económicamente. El presente artículo busca llamar la atención sobre la concepción hegemónica, pero a la vez limitada del Desarrollo, provocando nuevos análisis más terrenales de la realidad social Latinoamericana e invitando a construir de manera colectiva nuevas ideas del Desarrollo más aterrizadas a nuestros contextos y territorios.
Política educativa para la primera infancia: prácticas de participación pedagógica en el CDI El jardín de Hesed
Authors: Lara Gómez John Felipe , Quiñonez Tenorio Keyla
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo, fruto de un ejercicio de investigación cualitativa, expone los resultados del proceso de evaluación realizado a la participación pedagógica en el Centro de Desarrollo Infantil (CDI) El jardín de Hesed. El estudio encontró que el planteamiento de participación en el aula de la política educativa de primera infancia es aplicado parcialmente en la práctica pedagógica actual de las docentes de esta institución, dado que su concepción de participación de niños y niñas en el aula dista de lo dispuesto en la política. Uno de los principales hallazgos es que hay una gran tensión por el hecho de que la participación en el aula no está siendo concebida bajo la visión de la política pública, ya que las docentes tienen otras formas de entender la participación en su práctica educativa.
Un giro hacia la derecha: la extrema derecha y el populismo están dominando la política mundial
Authors: Carrión Claudia
Published: June 2023

El cambio de tendencia política alrededor del mundo se inclina por la ideología de derecha, como respuesta a las necesidades y problemáticas económicas y sociales que se presentan en los países. Dicho ascenso genera unas configuraciones de poder y relaciones, tanto al interior de la sociedad que adopta esta ideología, como en su política exterior. Ejemplo de esto son los cambios que se han presentado en Reino Unido, el resto de Europa y Estados Unidos, con la llegada al poder de la extrema derecha, que usa el populismo como estrategia, y el impacto que esto ha generado alrededor del mundo. Aún no se han establecido las proporciones de lo que este cambio significa para la política internacional, qué aspectos políticos, económicos, culturales o sociales serán impactados y de qué manera. En este sentido, vale la pena preguntarse ¿de qué forma afecta a Colombia el ascenso de la derecha en EEUU y Europa, y qué consecuencias traerá en diferentes planos de la política interior y exterior?
Algunas consideraciones sobre la Violencia y la Cultura en las Instituciones Educativas
Authors: Muñoz Galindo Wilson
Published: June 2023

La violencia en lo recorrido de la historia humana ha sido una constante en la forma de resolver los conflictos que se presentan entre las personas y los colectivos sociales. En ella y de ella se derivan las situaciones más inhumanas y absurdas que pueda tener conocimiento alguno. El caso particular de Colombia es tristemente aleccionador al respecto. Desde su formación como Republica ha estado signada por múltiples conflictos regionales y nacionales naturalizando de alguna forma la presencia de actores armados de distinto signo en su desenvolvimiento cotidiano. Todo esto ha llevado a numerosos investigadores a diagnosticar que la violencia endémica que padecemos como sociedad, si bien no es equiparable a un tipo de “cultura violenta”, si representa una línea continua en nuestro devenir histórico, al punto, que se propone hablar de guerra contra la sociedad, donde la principal víctima sería siempre la población civil. Los educadores somos protagonistas esenciales en el proceso de generación de conocimientos de las nuevas generaciones. Es necesario repensarnos para mirar la tarea compleja que nos corresponde como trabajadores d la sociedad y la cultura, que de una parte nos exige transformar las bases de la sociedad en un contexto donde impera la incertidumbre más la desigualdad, y en otro sentido, nos avoca a enfrentar las presiones propias de un mundo acelerado y globalizado.
Continuidad en la Incertidumbre. Drogas Ilegales: entre la Legalización y la Proscripción
Authors: Montealegre Saavedra Alexander
Published: June 2023

Este artículo se propone un recorrido socio-cultural sobre los posibles derroteros de política pública en relación con el tratamiento al problema de las drogas ilegales. Analiza en este sentido, las causas y consecuencias de la política del régimen de prohibición vigente, su opuesto en la política de legalización y por último, la política de “reducción de daños” que se considera una opción viable, posible y necesaria de cara a enfrentar con algún grado de éxito esta problemática. Se discuten también, los elementos propios de sociedades postmodernas en relación con la constitución de subjetividades en los escenarios descritos. Presenta conclusiones generales pensadas en contexto.
Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación – (TIC) en Colombia ¿Servicio público, derecho o mercancía?
Authors: Vargas Salazar David Andrés , Lara Ospina Jesús Alberto
Published: June 2023

La prestación de los servicios públicos de comunicaciones son una actividad socio económica fundamental, ligada a la materialización de los derechos sociales fundamentales, como el derecho a la comunicación, la información y la educación. En Colombia las telecomunicaciones son considerados servicios públicos, sin embargo, con la expedición de la Ley 1341 de 2009 se creó una exclusión del marco doctrinal y jurídico respecto a las TIC, al no ser consideradas tácitamente como servicio público esencial. Es menester de la ciencia del derecho realizar una nueva interpretación del papel de hombre en la “sociedad de la información y conocimiento”, fundamentado en los Derechos Humanos. El presente estudio socio jurídico es de tipo descriptivo que pretende analizar la naturaleza socio jurídica de las TIC en Colombia.
La justicia transicional en Colombia: aproximación desde el marco jurídico para la paz
Authors: Rodríguez Romero Diana Vanessa
Published: June 2023

La coyuntura que enmarca al país en un posible escenario de salida dialogada al conflicto armado presente hace más de 50 años en la historia colombiana, pone de presente grandes desafíos en materia de acondicionamiento del aparato estatal a las nuevas necesidades de un país en posconflicto, particularmente mediante la planeación y puesta en práctica de leyes que garanticen la efectividad de una justicia transicional para garantizar una paz estable y duradera. El presente en- sayo pretende en este sentido, ser un insumo de discusión en torno a la problemática de la justicia transicional y el marco jurídico para la paz, con el fin de establecer cómo este Marco, contribuye a la efectividad de una justicia transicional en el país para el proceso de diálogos llevados a cabo en La Habana Cuba.
Subjetividades contemporáneas
Authors: Arias Gómez Diego H.
Published: June 2023

El presente escrito pretende dar cuenta de las distintas formas de configuración de las subjetividades contemporáneas en el cruce de su operación con las instituciones sociales. Es decir, trata de observar los aparatos sociales en función de su acción sobre unos sujetos concretos a lo largo de la historia reciente. Estas dos puntas del ejemplo pueden ayudar a graficar las dinámicas sociales y las distintas subjetividades que han podido perfilarse en los últimos tiempos.
In-Hospital Mortality among Patients of Severe Adult Tetanus Presenting with bad Prognostic Factors: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience
Authors: Shafi Ullah Khan  , Farooq Muhammad Kashif , Ahmad Ejaz , Khan Muhammad , Alam Intekhab , Shah Sawar Khan  , Hameed Nibahat
Published: June 2023

Background: Tetanus caused by clostridium tetani, despite being a preventable disease, is still posing a significant health hazard to developing countries like Pakistan. Objective: To determine in-hospital mortality among patients of severe adult tetanus presenting with bad prognostic factors.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from July 13, 2017, to January 13, 2018, on 176 patients. All severe adult tetanus patients as per Ablett Classification with bad prognostic factors (incubation period <7 days, persistent fever >40o C, persistent tachycardia of >120/min, and no history of post-exposure prophylaxis) were included in the study. Patients with compromised renal functions (urea >108 mg/dl, reduced urine output <50 ml/hr) and already diagnosed neuromuscular junction disorders were excluded from the study. Written informed consent was obtained and patients were enrolled in the study. All patients were immediately worked up with detailed history and clinical examinations and were managed as per ICU protocols and followed within the hospital for mortality.Results: Mean age of study participants was 47±10.27 years. The majority of study subjects were males (n=102, 58%), un-immunized (n=88, 50%) or partially immunized (n=26, 15%), socioeconomically poor (n=84, 48%), illiterate (n=82, 47%) and from urban areas (n=114, 65%). In-hospital mortality was recorded in 109 (62%) of the study subjects. In hospital mortality was recorded highest in patients with an age range of 41-65 years (n=70/109, 64.22%), males (n=63/109, 57.8%), unimmunized (n=55/109, 50.45%), poor (n=52/109, 47.7%), illiterate (n=51/109, 46.78%) and urban (n=71/109, 65.14%). Conclusion: In-hospital mortality was high in patients with severe adult tetanus presenting with bad prognostic factors.Keywords: Clostridium tetani, Hospital Mortality, Severe adult tetanus, Tetanus, Tetanus Antitoxin, Tetanus Toxoid, Trismus, Prognostic Factors.
The Relationship of Parenting Patterns with Nutritional Status and Development of Toddlers in Kuta Alam, Banda Aceh
Authors: . Isrianti
Published: June 2023

Background: Parenting is a pattern of interaction between parents and children. More specifically, namely how the attitude or behavior of parents when interacting with children, Nutritional status is an important part of a person's health status. What babies eat from an early age is an important foundation for their health and well-being in the future and the development of toddlers is the toddler period, because at this time basic growth will affect the next child's development. In child development there is a critical period, where stimulation is needed so that the potential is developed.
Objective: To describe the relationship between parenting style and nutritional status and toddler development.
Materials and Method: analytic observational research. The design of this research is Cross Sectional which is carried out with a quantitative approach. Meanwhile, to complement the data obtained, qualitative data collection was also carried out, namely by conducting research on mothers of toddlers and toddlers. Assessment of the nutritional status of children was carried out using the WHO-Anthro software and then the ZScore value of the child was determined. The nutritional status variable (TB/A) is categorized into 2, namely: Normal, if the Z-score is -2 SD. Short, if the Z-score lies -3 SD to -2 SD.
Result: Most of the heads of families have jobs in the private sector and only a small proportion (8.57%) work in the government sector as members of the military or civil servants, meanwhile the majority of respondents (mothers) are housewives (74.29%) and the rest working in the private sector. The nutritional care pattern score of the respondents ranged from 50 – 95.45 with an average of 70.11 which was included in the sufficient category. As many as 22 respondents (62.86%) had a nutrition care pattern score in the adequate category, 8 respondents (22.86%) were included in the poor category and only 5 respondents (14.28%) were included in the good category. Development indicates increased ability in more complex body structures and functions in regular and predictable patterns as a result of the maturation process. The developmental level of the majority of respondents (65.71%) is included in the appropriate category (based on the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire) and the rest are in the doubtful category.
Conclusion: Family parenting style which includes nutrition and health care has an effect on the nutritional status of toddlers in Kuta Alam. The characteristics of the respondents in general are housewives, with an education level at the basic education level, aged 25-29 years. experience of caring for children for 7.08 years and usually from the mother and family environment, with 1-2 children, 54.29% are nuclear families. Most of the respondents' nutritional status is in the normal category with an average Z-score = -1.8. Nutritional Status (Z-Score value) = -5.8 + 0.52 (pa. nutrition) + 0.004 (pa. health).

Keywords: Parenting, Nutritional Status and Toddler Development
Efficacy Determination of Antimicrobial Properties in Mentha piperita Plant Extracts
Authors: Onywere Gad , Stewart Roshena , Reid San-Jay
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives: Peppermint (Mentha piperita) is an herbaceous rhizomatous perennial plant that grows up to thirty-five inches tall, with smooth stems and square in cross-section. It is an aromatic herb that is used for health purposes, fragrances, and cosmetics. The study aimed to extract aqueous and non-aqueous plant extracts from Mentha piperita, determine the efficacy of these plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli pathogens and compare the antimicrobial potency of the plant extracts.
Materials and Methods: The aqueous and non-aqueous plant extracts were subjected to the extraction process using solvent systems such as distilled water and methanol in the maceration technique. The crude extracts were obtained and further subjected for sample preparation using different concentrations of 20%, 40% and 50% respectively. Antibacterial activity assay was done to determine the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the concentrations.
Result: The peppermint aqueous and non-aqueous extracts showed the presence of antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. The aqueous plant extracts had large and more distinct zones of inhibition between 15-20 mm for Staphylococcus aureus. The Escherichia coli pathogens showed resistance to all plant extracts.
Discussion: Based on the findings of the study, Mentha piperita plant extracts showed potential for antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and not Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity in the plant was attributed to the presence of polar and non-polar compounds in the plant. These compounds inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and not Escherichia coli. The extracts penetrated through the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus inhibiting the growth of the pathogens.
Conclusion: Thus, the aqueous and non-aqueous plants extracts were more effective on Staphylococcus aureus pathogens than on Escherichia coli pathogens. Therefore, it was concluded that future work to focus on in vivo assays to be done for the establishment of right dosage development that could be used as a remedy for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections.

Keywords: Mentha piperita, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aqueous and Non-aqueous Extracts, Zones of inhibition, Microbiota, Diffusion
Analysis of Waste Generation and Characteristics; Mamuju Central Market in 2022
Authors: Ganing Abdul , Mappau Zrimurti , Saddania Sitti
Published: June 2023

The market is one of the waste producers which is classified as complex, so it has great potential as a source of environmental pollution that occurs as a result of buying and selling activities. Market waste in the form of left over vegetables, fruits and other food ingredients which can cause odors and reduce market aesthetics, as well as soil contamination. The aim of the research was to determine the generation, composition, specific gravity and moisture content of waste at the Mamuju Central Market, as well as a plan for proper waste management. This research method uses a quantitative survey approach by taking a number of samples based on SNI 19-3964-1994. Sampling was carried out from 04 August to 11 August 2022. The sample was taken of 30 merchant stalls from a total of 591 kiosks which were carried out for 8 (eight) consecutive days by measuring the volume and weight of waste for each kiosk using a waste measuring box with a volume capacity of 40 liters. then the waste from all the kiosks is put together in a waste measuring box with a volume capacity of 500 Liters. After that, it is separated based on the composition of the waste and weighed based on the type of waste. As many as 2 kg of samples were taken to check the water content of the waste at the Integrated Laboratory of the Mamuju Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health. From the results of this study it was found that the average waste generation at the Mamuju Central Market was 27.34 L/trader/day with the highest waste composition, namely organic type waste of 91.15%. The specific gravity and moisture content of the waste are on average 0.18 Kg/m³ and 36.20%. The appropriate waste management plan based on the data obtained is the composting method, considering the high composition of organic waste in the Mamuju Central Market. For this reason, it is necessary to empower traders to make composters to minimize the organic waste they produce

Keywords: Waste, Characteristics, generation
Correction of Habit along with Laser Assisted Frenectomy in High Frenal Attachment - A Case Report
Authors: Purohit Priyanka , Rao Dinesh , Panwar Sunil
Published: June 2023

Digit sucking is the most prevalent oral fixation seen in young toddlers. Digit sucking can be brought on by fatigue, boredom, excitement, hunger, fear, and both mental and physical stress. If these practices persist until the preschool years, when permanent teeth start to erupt, they may operate as a substantial environmental etiological factor in the development of malocclusion. The diode laser can be used to successfully remove pathological frenum. The diode laser can be used in paediatric dentistry due to its application, adequate coagulation, lack of need for sutures, and decreased discomfort and inflammation. In the case study presented in this paper, an 8-year-old female patient who had a high frenal attachment and had thumb-sucked her entire life was treated with fixed appliance therapy and laser labial frenectomy. In addition to resolved malocclusion, acceptable secondary intention wound healing, and beginning functional recovery of a physiological upper lip movement, the clinical evaluation revealed that the malocclusion had been corrected. The surgery was well tolerated, according to the patient.

Keywords: Thumb sucking, Fixed appliance therapy, Laser frenectomy
Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Patients Diagnosed with Varicose Vein: A Brief Review
Authors: Dahiya Komal , Sikka Gitanjali , Gopal Vashist Madan
Published: June 2023

Varicose vein is one of the common vascular abnormalities in the world. Patients with varicose veins are at high risk for developing deep vein thrombosis. Various physiotherapy modalities such as muscle stimulator, pneumatic compression, ultrasonic, TENS can help in the management of pain and Improves quality of life in these patients. Various studies have supported that neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) could improve pain and quality of life (QOL) in patients with varicose vein. Purpose of this review is to know about the role of NMES in the management of varicose vein. Several studies showed that NMES helps in decreasing pain and improves QOL in patients with varicose vein. Till date there is no definitive protocol for NMES as treatment modality in varicose vein patients. In order to establish a definitive protocol in varicose vein, further research needs to be conducted.

Keywords: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES), TENS, varicose vein
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Sebagai Sarana Promosi Sarung Pada Sarung Bagus ID
Authors: Afifah Wahyuni Nur , Rohman Mochamad Fatchur , Sukatmadiredja Noneng R
Published: June 2023

Kemunculan teknologi komunikasi (internet) mampu menghadirkan berbagai perubahan dalam kehidupan sosial manusia. Dengan munculnya alat komunikasi seperti smartphone serta media sosial memudahkan kita dalam berkomunikasi dan berbagi informasi dengan siapa saja dan dimana saja. Komuniksi pemasaran merupakan upaya untuk menjadikan seluruh kegiatan pemasaran dan promosi perusahaan dapat menghasilkan citra atau image yang bersifat satu atau konsisten bagi konsumen. Muhajirin Center (MC) adalah lembaga pendidikan dan sosial dibawah naungan Yayasan Masjid Al Muhajirin. Didirikan sebagai lembaga yang fokus menyelenggarakan dan mengembangkan pendidikan dan sekarang memulai dibidang pakaian muslim. Penelitan ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui dimana pemanfaatan media sosial sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat social selling. Strategi bisnis yang kami lakukan dalam menghadapi persaingan di bidang usaha jenis ini yaitu mempromosikan produk melalui pendekatan secara langsung kepada kerabat, saudara dan sisanya di promosikan melalui media online dan melakukan pemasaran menggunakan media sosial tiktok. Dan berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh hasil yang sangat signifikan, sehingga dapat dikatakan pengaruh dari pemanfaatan media sosial terhadap tingkat penjualan adalah positif.
Mapeamento e análise in silico das proteínas referentes ao estresse salino em espécies do gênero do algodoeiro ( Gossypium ssp.).
Authors:   , Souza dos Santos Débora
Published: June 2023

A cotonicultura é uma plantação muito importante no Brasil, detentora do quinto lugar de maior produtora e terceira maior exportadora mundial. Nacionalmente, o plantio de algodão herbáceo concentrase no centrooeste e nordeste, onde é majoritariamente cultivado por irrigação, seguido da técnica de sequeiro e sem rega. Os fatores climáticos, alta evapotranspiração e baixa pluviosidade, qualidade da água de irrigação, manejo, características do solo e espécie, são determinantes para existência e agravamento do estresse salino no plantio, sendo um dos mais importantes estresses abióticos, juntamente com o hídrico, a afetar o crescimento, produtividade e qualidade da fibra. Para isto, o melhoramento genético vegetal é a alternativa mais viável para redução das consequências geradas na planta pelo excesso de sais, como uso de produtos químicos na lavoura e perda quantitativa e econômica da produção. Com desenho de primers in silico que reconhecerão os domínios conservados no gene relacionados com a tolerância e/ou resistência, viabilizando a manipulação genética para criação de cultivares mais adaptadas a este fator. Assim, a partir da bioinformática, o presente trabalho, analisou taxonomicamente e físicoquimicamente três proteínas de interesse selecionadas, segundo triagem prévia, realizando desenho dos primers, validação destes e seleção dos dez primers mais estáveis, seis das proteínas e quatro degenerados, os quais são seguros, específicos e estão de acordo com padrões qualitativos de referência. De extrema relevância para área experimental, o conhecimento do perfil, ação das proteínas e desenho dos marcadores moleculares realizados, o caminho para se minimizar os problemas gerados pela salinidade ao cultivo é palpável.
Elaboração do plano de projeto para implantação de internet de fibra óptica: estudo de caso na Empresa Cariri Web no Município de Monteiro - PB.
Authors:   , Soares Malta Livia
Published: June 2023

Gerenciamento de Projetos é organizar, planejar e executar as tarefas necessárias para o progresso do projeto com o objetivo de alcançar ou até exceder o resultado almejado. O aumento do número de projetos aliado a necessidade de resultados rápidos e eficientes reforçou a importância da Gestão de Projetos. No cenário atual em que vivemos as mudanças aceleradas e busca por projetos bem planejados, as empresas tornam-se mais dependentes de um bom planejamento. O presente trabalho tem como proposta apresentar as áreas de Gerenciamento de Projetos descrevendo seus processos componentes com detalhamento específico e uma abrangência própria. O trabalho é baseado no guia Project Management Body of Knowledge - PMBOK, desenvolvido pelo Project Management Institute (PMI), a partir da qual foram realizados os documentos de cada área de Gerenciamento de Projeto. Este estudo consistiu em elaborar o plano de projeto para aplicar as etapas de processos do projeto (iniciação, execução, monitoramento e controle, além do encerramento) na Implantação de Internet de Fibra Óptica no município de Monteiro-PB pela empresa Caririweb Provedor de Internet LTDA. Todos os processos foram realizados com êxito resultando no aumento do controle gerencial de todas as fases implementadas no Gerenciamento de Projetos.
Avaliação do ruído de impacto em sistema de pisos de edificações com lajes pré-moldadas em João Pessoa-PB.
Authors:   , Marques da Silva Minervino Alan
Published: June 2023

O objetivo desse estudo foi indicar qualitativamente os fatores e características construtivas que influenciam o ruído de impacto nas edificações, de acordo com a legislação vigente atual. Portanto, esse estudo foi desenvolvido em dois edifícios com laje pré-moldada em construção na cidade de João Pessoa-PB e trata da avaliação de ruído de impacto naqueles sistemas de pisos. Para realização desse estudo utiliza-se como referência a norma de desempenho de edificações habitacionais, NBR 15575/2013. Sendo assim, o resultado alcançado indica que se um edifício for construído nos padrões estabelecidos nesse trabalho, esperasse que o desempenho do sistema de pisos desse edifício seja classificado entre 78 dB e 80 dB, portanto, dentro do limite mínimo estabelecido pela norma de desempenho de edificações habitacionais.
A reutilização de pneus através da logística reversa: um estudo de caso em uma empresa de auto peças do cariri paraibano.
Authors:   , de Sousa Acenildo
Published: June 2023

Objetiva demonstrar como a logística reversa contribui para o processo de recapagem de pneus numa empresa de auto peças no município de Sumé -PB. Foi feito uma revisão bibliográfica para se conhecer alguns conceitos para a compreensão do tema e estudo da logística reversa para reutilização de pneus. A realização desta pesquisa foi desenvolvida através de um estudo de caso. Também foram feitas entrevistas e visitas in loco no lojão Auto peças Sumé, empresa objeto de estudo, para se conhecer a estrutura e realizar o levantamento das informações. A empresa “Auto peças Pé de Serra” é responsável pela coleta dos pneus dos seus clientes e pela venda após eles serem recapados. A pesquisa consistiu em analisar a logística reversa no processo de reaproveitamento dos pneus, visando mostrar as contribuições da logística reversa para a empresa “Auto peças Pé de Serra” e os benefícios de ações sustentáveis. Por fim concluiu-se com êxito o estudo apresentar os ganhos financeiros da recapagem dos pneus para a organização. Após essa pesquisa, recomenda-se que os pneus que não são aptos para entrar no processo de recapagem tenham o descarte adequado por parte da empresa, respeitando as normas ambientais.
Projeto de eficientização energética e sua viabilidade econômica para a central de laboratórios I no UFCG/CDSA.
Authors:   , de Lacerda Tavares Alandson
Published: June 2023

As energias renováveis vêm sendo muito utilizadas nos últimos tempos já que consentem em um desenvolvimento mais sustentável, poluem menos e evitam o uso de energias fósseis esgotáveis. A energia solar vem ganhando bastante destaque nos dias de hoje, existem mais incentivos em relação a custos, mais praticidade em sua instalação e aquisição dos equipamentos que compõem o projeto de instalação. Com isso, o objetivo do trabalho é realizar um dimensionamento de um sistema solar interligado a rede (On-Grid) para uma Central de Laboratórios do CDSA/UFCG como forma de eficiência energética e reduzir os custos mensais na fatura de energia elétrica. Para a construção do projeto, foi feito o levantamento das cargas dos equipamentos, cálculo do consumo diário e mensal para estabelecer a escolha dos inversores e do gerador fotovoltaico. Foi aplicada a metodologia usada na Universidade Federal de Lavras para se calcular o número total de inversores e a quantidade de painéis. Para o valor do investimento total do projeto foi realizado uma pesquisa de preços pela internet, e para fazer uma análise do retorno utilizou-se uma metodologia simples aplicada, chamada payback simples, que usa o tempo necessário para que seja recuperado o valor do investimento. Pensando em melhorar a eficiência energética e, consequentemente, reduzir os custos no valor final do investimento foi realizado um novo cálculo com a proposta de fazer a substituição das lâmpadas fluorescentes de 40 W por lâmpadas de LED, e constatou-se que o consumo se reduziu pela metade, tornando assim o investimento viável, com 04 (quatro) anos para o seu pagamento total.
OPTIMIZATION OF MOLECULAR GENETIC DIAGNOSTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER BY INTRODUCING ROS1 TESTING IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Shatkovskaya O. , Kaidarova D. , Orazgaliyeva M. , Satbayeva E. , Ossikbayeva S. , Koishibaeva A.
Published: June 2023

Relevance: Currently, molecular diagnosis in NSCLC in Kazakhstan includes detection of EGFR, ALK driver mutations status, and PD-L1-status, but not ROS1, what limits the access of patients with this driver mutation to vital therapy.
The study aimed to optimize the methods of molecular genetic diagnosis of patients with NSCLC by introducing ROS1 testing in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Methods: The biopsy and surgical material of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fixed in 10% buffered formalin was studied. After the initial morphological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, EGFR, and ALK mutation status determination, EGFR, and ALK-negative tumor assays were sent for further determination of ROS1 mutation status. First, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the Ventana BenchMark Ultra platform using the ROS1 antibody (SP283) and the OptiView DAB Detection Kit imaging system. After that, samples with positive and doubtful IHC results were sent for RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) to confirm the ROS1 mutation status.
Results: A total of 99 tumor samples from patients with EGFR-negative and ALK-negative lung adenocarcinoma were studied by IHC from January 01 till September 30, 2022. The results of IHC staining were assessed as: 0 (negative) – 59 samples, 1+ (negative) – 25 samples, 2+ (doubtful) – 12 samples, 3+ (positive) – 3 samples. Cases with ≥70% immunostaining were considered positive. Samples with an IHC stain score of 2+ (doubtful), 3+ (positive), and a few samples of 1+ were sent for confirmation by PCR.
Overall, 22 samples were tested using RT-PCR, and results were considered as follows:1 (4%) – positive, 13 (59%) – negative, 8 (37%) -– invalid.
Conclusion: A large proportion of positive and questionable results were obtained when determining ROS1 mutation status using IHC, and a large proportion of invalid results during subsequent RT-PCR testing. Choosing methods for nationwide ROS1 implementation, one should evaluate the economics of the methods to be implemented and compare them with a standard validated FISH method.
DWI CAPACITY IN PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSING
Authors: Karakoishin K. , Zholdybay Zh. , Aynakulova A. , Toleshbaev D. , Muhit G. , Ayserbay Ye.
Published: June 2023

Relevance: Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in men worldwide. Transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostate biopsy is the most important diagnostic step, without which a definitive diagnosis cannot be made. Despite this, TRUS-guided prostate biopsy has a high rate of false negatives and is often accompanied by various clinical complications. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is now widely used in routine urological and oncological practice. An element of mpMRI is diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which is successfully used in detecting and localizing clinically significant prostate cancer.
The study aimed to evaluate the DWI capacity in diagnosing prostate cancer.
Methods: 52 patients, 48-86 years old, with suspected prostate cancer, underwent mpMRI. DWI sequences obtained using T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) were compared with each other and compared with the anatomical structure of the prostate. Suspicious prostate cancer sites were marked as regions of interest, for which an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated. A 12-point TRUS-guided biopsy confirmed the presence or absence of prostate cancer.
Results: When analyzing quantitative measurements, ADC showed low values for cancer in the central gland (transitional zone and central zone) – 0.610±0.157×10-3 mm2/s, p=0.0001, and for cancer in the peripheral zone – 0.651±0.228×10-3 mm2/s, p=0.0004, compared to normal tissue. It was found that the highest sensitivity value (87.5%) is typical for ADC central gland, and the lower value for ADC peripheral zone is 75%. The highest specificity value (90.9%) was observed in ADC peripheral zone, and a lower value in ADC central gland – was 84.1%.
Conclusion: DWI is an effective non-invasive method for detecting and localizing prostate cancer, providing a qualitative (visual) and quantitative assessment of prostate cancer.
ENDOCRINE TOXICITY OF IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Safina S. , Mukhamed’yarova G. , Dimitrieva V.
Published: June 2023

Relevance: Immunological control points significantly changed cancer therapy worldwide after a new class of inhibitor drugs was registered. Based on clinical studies, this type of treatment was associated with better survival in sensitive patients than cytostatic therapy. Checkpoint inhibitors exert their effect by regulating the immune response to malignant cells, blocking the usual inhibitory pathways of T-cell regulation. The receptors of cytotoxic T-lymphocytic antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein (PD-1) or its associated ligand (PD-L-1) are the target of inhibitors. CTLA-4 acts at an early stage of triggering an antigenic response, and PD-1 and PD-L-1 act by modulating interaction with peripheral tissue
However, treatment with checkpoint inhibitors (ICTs) is accompanied by a wide range of immune mediated adverse events associated with the activation of the immune system. Despite the positive effect on survival, side effects with endocrine effects were noted in about 10% of patients.
The study aimed to assess the incidence of immune mediated adverse events from the thyroid gland in clinical practice in patients with different localization of malignant tumors in the first and subsequent lines of therapy with checkpoint inhibitors.
Methods: The study utilized anamnestic, laboratory, and instrumental tests. Laboratory analysis included determining the blood levels of TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, and cortisol. Data analysis was carried out using the Microsoft Excel program.
Results: The frequency of development of immune mediated thyroiditis against the background of therapy with blockers of control points of the immune pathway in our observation was 29%. The debut of thyroid disorders was diagnosed in the first 12-16 weeks of therapy, beginning with hyperthyroidism against the background of thyroid destruction, followed by a transition to persistent hypothyroidism after 1-3 months.
Conclusion: When analyzing the safety profile of ICTs in patients in our study, immune mediated adverse reactions did not differ in frequency and spectrum from world practice. The spectrum of toxicity did not depend on the localization of the tumor. Early diagnosis of thyroid lesions necessary for optimal and effective treatment can be carried out using laboratory tests. Knowing the timing of the development of adverse events during ICT therapy allows timely diagnosing and correcting complications from the thyroid to continue effective therapy.
THE PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF CRISPR/CAS9 GENE EDITING IN CANCER THERAPY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: ABDUSSADYK D. , BEISENOVA A.
Published: June 2023

Relevance: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in Kazakhstan, and CRISPR/Cas9 offers possible solutions to treat it. Clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) is a system bacteria use to cleave foreign in-vaders. This system has been considered promising for cancer therapeutics by allowing researchers to edit cancer cell genes.
The system requires more trials, so it is essential to raise awareness of this technique for stu-dents and potential investors and highlight the current challenges that could be research opportuni-ties for researchers.
The study aimed to analyze and provide up-to-date information from reputable scientific journals on the current use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in cancer therapeutics for medical students and researchers. This research paper also highlights the challenges associated with implementing CRISPR/Cas9 in clinical settings for cancer therapeutics.
Methods: The scientific literature and databases (PubMed and the Nature Journal) were searched and analyzed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in cancer therapy.
Results: The results of this research indicate that scientists should focus on improving the types and structure of the Cas protein as well as the delivery methods, including the non-viral deliv-ery methods (liposome-based particles, hybrid vectors, gold nanoparticles, and extracellular vesicles) to contribute to improving the current status of cancer therapeutics.
Conclusion: CRISPR/Cas9 is an important technique that is still fraught with challenges and should be turned into research opportunities. The current challenges include the form and structure of the Cas nuclease, the types of engineering (in vivo vs. ex vivo), and the varieties of delivery methods. Each delivery method type has pros and cons and requires further research. In particular, future studies should focus on non-viral vectors, such as liposome-based particles, extracellular vesi-cles, hybrid vesicles, and gold nanoparticles.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING THE SYSTEM OF PEDIATRIC EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF CRITICAL CONDITIONS IN ONCOLOGICAL CHILDREN: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kurakbayev Ye. , Turdaliyeva B. , Manzhuova L. , Omarova K. , Abdilova G. , Kusainov A. , Saparbayev S. , Schukin V.
Published: June 2023

Relevance: Oncological diseases remain the main cause of death in children, increasing the need for intensive care. Hospitalized children suffering from oncological diseases are at high risk for sudden deterioration of their condition, both for the underlying disease and due to infectious complications and the toxic effects of medications. This review highlights information on the Pediatric Early Warning Signs (PEWS) system in oncological patients to detect clinical deterioration promptly.
The study aimed to analyze international literature on the use of pediatric early warning signs (PEWS) for clinical deterioration in pediatric oncology.
Methods: Current literature on using the PEWS of clinical deterioration in pediatric oncology was studied.
Results: The published data show the important role of using the PEWS system in cancer patients for early detection of deterioration of the condition with subsequent provision of emergency medical care.
Conclusion: The analysis of international experience has shown that using the PEWS system in children with oncological diseases is an effective method of early recognition of signs of clinical deterioration, which, in turn, allows the timely initiation of complex intensive therapy.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF LIQUID BIOPSY IN CRC: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Nasrytdinov T.
Published: June 2023

Relevance: Liquid biopsy is a modern, quite appropriate, and promising method for diagnosing malignant neoplasms for oncology. The method allows us to determine the level of freely circulating tumor cells – micrometastases, tumor DNA, microRNA, and exosomes in blood plasma- and detect various genetic changes. A literature review of current scientific publications on liquid biopsy techniques, indexed in Medline, PubMed, and Medscape, was carried out as part of the work.
The study aimed to review is to assess the prognostic significance of liquid biopsy, to determine the place of the method in current recommendations, and its expediency from the point of view of the practice.
Methods: The information search was conducted in the Medline, PubMed, and Medscape databases, with a search depth of 8 years. Data from randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were analyzed. The review includes both full-fledged articles in the public domain and abstracts to obtain complete information on the problem.
Results: Liquid biopsy surpasses tissue biopsy in simplicity and speed of research, easy repeatability, and minimal invasiveness, as well as the possibility of dynamic monitoring of progression – the overall clonal transformation of the tumor and the emergence of resistance to treatment.
The disadvantages of this method are low sensitivity, difficulty in correctly interpreting biomarkers and determining their specificity, and high risk of false positive and false negative results due to dormant tumor cells.
Conclusion: At present, the Liquid biopsy method is relevant and in demand, but it needs to be tested on a validated sample of the main population, and in order to achieve effective clinical use, important work needs to be done to standardize both preanalytical and analytical procedures and generalize them for all components of liquid biopsy.
COVID-19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE UZAKTAN EĞİTİMDE ÖĞRETMEN OLMAK: SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ALGILARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Durdu Abdurrahim , Coşkun Yemliha
Published: June 2023

Bu araştırma, sınıf öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitime yönelik algılarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmış olgu bilim (fenemenolojik) deseninde nitel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında Kahramanmaraş ili Onikişubat ve Dulkadiroğlu ilçelerinde, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı ilkokullarda görev yapan otuz beş gönüllü sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada katılımcılar belirlenirken amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklem yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmış, toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre sınıf öğretmenleri öğrenciyle göz teması eksikliği, sınıf yönetimi sorunu ve öğrencilerin imkân eşitliğinin olmaması gibi sebeplerden dolayı uzaktan eğitimi yetersiz bulduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sınıf öğretmenleri materyal kullanımının kolaylığı, zaman kaybının olmayışı ve veli desteği gibi uzaktan eğitimin avantajları olduğunu belirtirken, altyapı yetersizliği, öğrenciden geri dönüt alınamaması ve öğrencilerin derse odaklanamaması gibi dezavantajları olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Sınıf öğretmenleri uzaktan eğitim sürecinde ders öncesi hazırlanmalarının motivasyonlarını olumlu etkilediğini ancak derslere katılımın az olması, öğrencilerle etkileşimin yetersizliği ve teknik sorunların motivasyonlarını olumsuz etkilediğini belirtmişlerdir.
Using basic equations in the assessment control of oil spill in Nigeria
Authors: Akpoturi Peters  , Celestine Friday Osudia  , Raphael Ehikhuemhen Asibor
Published: June 2023

The large scale (xyz) oil spillage of March 24, 1988 tested spill preparedness and response capabilities of both the industry and government which proved, individually and collectively, to be wholly insufficient to control an oil spill of the magnitude. The assessment of corporate preparedness for an oil spillage has been expressed principally in two ways. An assembly of spill response equipment is identified with or equated to a magnitude of spillage. On the other hand, the manufacturer’s stated performance is equated to response capacity. These publicized levels of preparedness have been proved wrong by many a spill internationally and in Nigeria in particular, making the methods of assessment inadequate and -unacceptable. This paper introduces a new measure, the response capacity factor, THE RESPONSE CAPACITY FACTOR, for preparedness assessment defined as the ratio of a reference time duration T (a function of the sensitivity and vulnerability of the site environment) to the estimated duration T during which a spilled quantity Q (associated with an operation site) would be fully recovered within the resources of or available to the organization. The factor is based on management objective for oil spill response, environmental sensitivity and the need for its protection. It recognizes that response capacity is a function of a series of variables notably geographical location and terrain, equipment and personnel resources. The RCF is expected to be a powerful tool for corporate planning (investment comparison, budgeting, staffing, training, operational control, etc.). The applications of the factor for oil-spill cooperatives and national (or regional) contingency planning are also discussed.