bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN OLEH GURU PENJASORKES SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI DAERAH PESISIR KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Nurzaman Umar
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to know the types and ways to utilize the environment as a medium of learning by junior high school teachers in the coastal area of Kebumen Regency. This research method using qualitative research approach with data technique using interview technique, observation, and documentation. The subjects of this study consist of 7 junior secondary schools in coastal areas consisting of SMP Negeri 1 Mirit, SMP Negeri 1 Ambal, SMP Negeri 2 Ambal, SMP PGRI 1 Ambal, SMP Negeri 1 Petanahan and SMP Negeri 1 Ayah and SMP Negeri 2 Ayah. The research instrument uses interview guides and photo documentation. The results of environmental research are used as a place of learning in the coastal area Kebumen District, village buildings, beaches, and roads around the school. The environment used as learning media for penjasorkes consists of paper assignment, modification of ball from coconut husk, perforated vessel made from used bucket, paint bucket cover and wood board for supporting learning. The conclusion of this research is the teacher of the coastal area surveyor Kebumen uses various ways to utilize the environment as a place of learning and learning media such as field to learn big ball game and small ball game, while beach and school access road for learning athletics
PEMETAAN WAKTU AKTIF BELAJAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN BOLABASKET DI SMPN 11 MALANG
Authors: Widarini Yulia , Heynoek Febrita Paulina , Amiq Fahrial
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to know the active time of learning on basketball learning in state junior high school 11 Malang. This research includes the type of survey research. The sample of this research were 7th and 8th in junior high school 11 Malang with the total number 16 classes. Based on the research result of active time learning on basketball learning in state junior high school 11 Malang in less category. Keyword: Academic Learning Time, Physical Education, Basketball Material Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui waktu aktif belajar pada pembelajaran bolabasket di SMPN 11 Malang. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian survei. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII dan kelas VIII di SMPN 11 Malang dengan jumlah 16 kelas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tingkat waktu akif belajar pada pembelajaran bolabasket di SMPN 11 Malang dalam kategori kurang. Kata Kunci: Waktu aktif belajar, pembelajaran jasmani, materi bolabasket
PENGARUH LATIHAN SIDE-TO-SIDE SHUFFLE JUMP TERHADAP PENINGKATAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI MAHASISWA PENJASKESREK UNIVERSITAS BUNG HATTA
Authors: Meirony Arfon
Published: November 2019

The times, a coach is required to be able to design simple exercises, Explosive power is in many sports and daily life, One of the many exercises that can increase leg muscle explosive power is an exercise Side-to-Side Shuffle Jump. This is research experiment. The technique of determine method his area purposive sampling of sample, 17 samples were given an early test vertical jump (modified sargent jump) and continued with the treatment of 14 sessions, next the pree test to see effect of the exercise. Test used is t-test, see the effect of mean significant α 0,05. The results of the posttest mean of 98.26, preetest mean of 100.45. The result of ttest (6.22)>ttable (2.11). With hypothesis research is accepted
Pendidikan Karakter dalam Extrakurikuler Silat Berbasis Motion Capture Berbantuan Computer Generated Images (CGI) di Sekolah Dasar Kelas Rendah di Indonesia
Authors: Muzaki Ferril Irham
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) melakukan kajian terhadap nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran silat di Sekolah Dasar, (2) membuat pengkajian pola gerakan terhadap gerakan-gerakan bertahan yang bisa digunakan untuk bertahan untuk peserta didik usia sekolah dasar, dan (3) analisis terhadap probalitias penggunaan piranti motion picture untuk melatih peserta didik agar memiliki nilai-nilai karakter dalam kegiatan silat untuk bisa diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah (1) diskusi dengan pakar pendidikan karakter tentang nilai-nilai silat (2) kajian pustaka terhadap literatur dan (3) observasi partisipatif terhadap kegiatan silat di lingkungan sekolah dasar dan masyarakat. Hasil dari penelitian ini (1) nilai-nilai karakter yang bisa ditanamkan adalah kedisplinan serta nilai karakter kehati-hatian dalam bertindak, (2) gerakan yang bisa diterapkan adalah hindar dan elak untuk melatih peserta didik membela diri dan (3) piranti motion capture memiliki peluang untuk koreksi atas gerakan yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik agar lebih akurat dan terarah. Simpulan dari penelitian ini, penanam pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar dengan silat bisa berbasis peranti motion capture. Disarankan kepada pemangku kebijakan untuk menerapkan peranti ini secara terbatas di Sekolah Dasar yang memiliki kesiapan untuk menerapkan teknologi.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA CEDERA OLAHRAGA PATAH TULANG (FRACTURE) BERBASIS ANDROID UNTUK MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN JASMANI DAN KESEHATAN FAKULTAS ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG
Authors: Mahardi Muhammad Setya agung , Dwiyogo Wasis Djoko
Published: November 2019

Abstract                 This research aims to solve the existing problem by developing an Android-based fracture first aid learning material for students of Physical and Health Education at the Faculty of Sports Sciences, State University of Malang. This research method uses research and development methods. Data analysis techniques used are qualitative analysis techniques and quantitative analysis techniques in the form of percentages. The results of the PPCO material expert were 94.35%, 97.72% media expert results, 88.63% linguist results, 95.19% PPCO learning practitioners, the results of field trials were 86.74% product effectiveness testing, and test product attractiveness 90.84%. From these results the product is declared very valid (can be used without repairs), very effective and very interesting. Key words: Development, First Aid Sports Injury, Broken Bones, Fracture, Android Abstrak                 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memecahkan masalah yang ada dengan mengembangkan bahan ajar pertolongan pertama cedera olahraga patah tulang (fracture) berbasis android untuk mahasiswa Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Teknnik analisa data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kualitatif dan teknik analisis kuantitatif berupa persentase. Hasil ahli materi PPCO 94,35%, hasil ahli media 97,72%, hasil ahli bahasa 88,63%, hasil praktisi pembelajaran PPCO 95,19%, hasil uji coba lapangan yaitu uji coba efektifitas produk 86,74%, dan uji daya tarik produk 90,84%. Dari hasil tersebut produk dinyatakan sangat valid (dapat digunakan tanpa perbaikan), sangat efektif dan sangat menarik. Kata kunci: Pengembangan, Pertolongan Pertama Cedera Olahraga, Patah Tulang, Fracture, Android
Responsabilidad social y ambiental, análisis para tres microempresas en Ipiales, Colombia
Authors: Guerrero Guerrero Alba Patricia
Published: November 2019

Este estudio presenta un análisis del programa de responsabilidad social empresarial-RSE- con base en el estándar internacional Global Reporting Initiative – GRI, en tres empresas creadas bajo el modelo Small Business Development Center- SBDC del SENA - Centro Sur Colombiano de Logística Internacional - CSCLI. Para lo cual, en un primer objetivo, se realizó el diagnostico empresarial a través del método FODA (Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades, Amenazas); posteriormente se analizó el estado actual de las organizaciones en cuanto a las actividades y prácticas empresariales que   desarrollan siguiendo los estándares internacionales GRI. En un segundo objetivo, se elaboró una propuesta para el Programa de RSE, para ello se realizó: estrategias e indicadores de gestión, por cada área de la empresa, y finalmente se estableció acciones para el cumplimiento de los estándares internacionales GRI; que, en un futuro, les permita a las empresas realizar un reporte de información ambiental y social, bajo este estándar
Bronchiolitis epidemic: experience of the mother and child teaching hospital of Tsaralalàna Madagascar
Authors: Ranivoson Andrianina Harivelo , Rabevazaha Ny Ando Andrianina , Rakotojoelimaria Elsa Haganiain , Bemena Mathias , Ramiharijafy Ymelda , Robinson Annick Lalaina
Published: November 2019

Background: An increase in the number of children hospitalized for bronchiolitis has been observed on February to April over the past 5 years. This study aimed to describe the bronchiolitis characteristic during the 2019 epidemic as well as its management at the Tsaralalàna Teaching Hospital.Methods: This is a 3 months retrospective descriptive study, from February to April 2019, including all children diagnosed with bronchiolitis.Results: Bronchiolitis was diagnosed in 1704 children (40.1%) and 425(29.4%) were hospitalized. Severe bronchiolitis was found in 212 children (49.9%) which were aged under 3 months in 46.7%. Secondary bacterial infection was noted in 359 children (84.5%) and cardiac failure in 145 children (34.1%). Hypertonic saline 3% was prescribed at 76.4% of children.Conclusions: Younger infant under 3 months were the most frequently admitted in hospitalization. Severe or complicated bronchiolitis are predominant. Using a pediatric plan adapted to bronchiolitis epidemic may improve care of children.
Home based negative pressure wound therapy and moist dressing in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Basheer Shiraz , Kannanavil Naseef , Rajendran Sunil
Published: November 2019

Background: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a non-invasive wound closure system that uses controlled, localized negative pressure to help heal chronic and acute wounds. The objective of the present study was to compare home based NPWT and moist wound dressing in home care setting with respect to wound healing and time taken for healing among diabetic ulcer patients and the comparison of cost involved for the treatment.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study where all patients were presented to the Department of Surgery at MES Medical College with diabetic ulcer between 1st January 2016 and 30th March 2017 were included in the study; ulcer size and surface area were measured using vernier calipers and Wagner’s grade between the two groups were evaluated at the time of enrollment.Results: Complete ulcer healing by primary intention was achieved in 86.8% in home based NPWT group vs. 44.3% in conventional moist dressing group. Average duration taken for healing in home based NPWT patient was 3.03 months and in moist dressing group was 4.58 months. Split skin grafting was needed in 2 patients in HB-NPWT group vs. 7 in moist dressing group. 9.3 hospital visits in HB-NPWT group vs 136.8 sessions in moist dressing group.Conclusions: The present study states that NPWT is superior to conventional moist dressing for the management of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Cost is approximately 1/10th of standard NPWT.
Synthesis of Methanol and Dimethyl Ether from CO2 and H2 Under Flow-Circulation Conditions
Authors: Lin G. I. , Samokhin P. V. , Kipnis M. A.
Published: November 2019

In the context of utilization of carbon dioxide emissions, a study of the CO2conversion to methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) under flowcirculation conditions, when a part of converted gas returns to the reactor, was carried out. Experimental data on the synthesis of methanol (commercial catalyst Megamax 507) and direct synthesis of DME (Megamax 507/commercial zeolite ZVM, weight ratio 1/1) are reported. In the methanol synthesis from syngas, vol.%: H2 – 76.6, CO2– 19.8, N2 – 3.6 performed at 240–260 °C and pressure 5.3 MPa, a high conversion of CO2was reached: 84–99.6% at a low selectivity of the side reaction (CO synthesis, not higher than 4.7 %). The maximum specific yield of methanol at 260 °C was 1.24 kg(kgcat·h)–1. Special-purpose experiments demonstrated that the methanol synthesis is accompanied by a small heating (up to 10 °C) at the catalyst bed inlet, which testifies to polytropicity of the reactor. In the synthesis of DME, the DME yield referred to bifunctional catalyst was within 0.16–0.33 kg(kgcat·h)–1depending on the conditions. Therewith, the conversion of methanol to DME was not lower than 42 %, the conversion of CO2was within 79–96 %, and the DME synthesis proceeded under nearly isothermal conditions.
Conversion of Liquefied Hydrocarbon Gases on Commercial Nickel Catalysts
Authors: Yakovenko R. E. , Ilyin V. B. , Savostyanov A. P. , Zubkov I. N. , Dulnev A. V. , Semyonov O. A.
Published: November 2019

The two-step conversion of industrial liquefied hydrocarbon gases (LHG) on NIAP-07-01 (NKM-1) and NIAP-03-01 catalysts for the production of hydrogen-containing gases was investigated. The experiments were carried out in flow reactors with a fixed catalyst bed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa under the following conditions: temperature 350–450 °C, gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) 1000–3000 h–1, steam-gas ratio 4 : 1–8 : 1 (pre-reforming); and temperature 700 °C, GHSV 2000 h–1, air-gas ratio 1.2 : 1 (steam-air reforming). Under the studied conditions, the concentrations of components of the converted gas correspond to the equilibrium values calculated within the Peng-Robinson model. The conversion of methane homologs in the pre-reforming step was found to be virtually 100 %; therewith, the methane concentration reached 32–54 %, and that of hydrogen, 24–47 %. To prevent the formation of elemental carbon (carbonization), pre-reforming of hydrocarbon gases with a high methane equivalent should be performed at H2O : C > 2. In the two-step reforming, the yield of hydrogen-containing gas reaches 15.6 m3 from 1 m3of the initial LHG with the hydrogen content 41.81 %, and the total content of CO and H2exceeds 52 %.
GAMBARAN PELAKSANAAN JOINT RISK ASSESSMENT KEJADIAN FLU BURUNG DI BALI TAHUN 2017 The Concept of Joint Risk Assessment (JRA) and Practical Implications on Avian Influenza (H5N1) in Bali 2017
Authors: Rochmayati Sitti
Published: November 2019

Sebesar 70% penyakit infeksius di dunia merupakan penyakit zoonosis. Penyakit infeksi emerging memerlukan kebijakan yang menyeluruh dan penilaian risiko yang melibatkan semua sektor, khususnya sektor kesehatan hewan dan kesehatan manusia, agar risiko terjadi penularan pada manusia dapat dicegah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran pelaksanaan program Joint Risk Assessment (JRA) pada kasus flu burung di Kota Bali.Desain penelitian merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan pada analisis maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa operasional JRA menyediakan prinsip-prinsip penilaian risiko bersama untuk menilai satu peristiwa kesehatan dan perannya dalam pembuatan kebijakan dan memberikan panduan proses penilaian risiko kualitatif.
Pengaruh Faktor Internal Terhadap Kejadian Dermatitis Kontak Iritan Pada Petani Garam Desa Karanganyar Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Nurika Globila , Susanto Beni Hari
Published: November 2019

Dermatitis Kontak Iritan (DKI) adalah peradangan pada kulit atau respons non-spesifik kulit terhadap berbagai kerusakan kimia dengan melepaskan mediator inflamasi terutama dari sel-sel epidermis. Zat iritan seperti deterjen, berbagai pelarut, asam, basa, cairan bercampur logam, kosmetik, minyak oles bahkan substansi topikal dapat bekerja bersama untuk merusak kulit dengan cara memindahkan minyak, pelembab dari lapisan terluar, membiarkan iritan masuk lebih dalam dan menyebabkan kerusakan lebih lanjut dengan cara memicu proses inflamasi.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor internal terhadap kejadian dermatitis kontak iritan pada petani garam Desa Karanganyar Kabupaten Sumenep. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan prosedur pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 61 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuisioner serta lembar observasi. Teknik analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa data regresi berganda secara univariat dan bivariat (uji simultan F dan parsial T) dengan tingkat kepercayaan atau nilai 95% atau (0,05). Berdasarkan hasil analisa uji statistik, didapatkan bahwa ada pengaruh antara variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat yaitu, nilai F=58,939 dengan tingkat signifikan uji tabel F SPSS <(ɑ=2,37). Nilai parsial T faktor usia (20,145), personal hygiene (13,381), alat pelindung diri (10,448), durasi kerja (8,784) dan masa kerja (2,576) dengan taraf signifikan uji tabel T SPSS<(ɑ=1,999). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor internal serempak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian dermatitis kontak iritan pada petani garam Desa Karanganyar Kabupaten Sumenep.Kata kunci: Dermatitis, iritan, NaCl
Microbiome of the Lower Genital Tract in Chinese Women with Endometriosis by 16s rRNA Sequencing Technique: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chen SiKai , Gu Zhiyue , Zhang Wen , Jia Shuangzheng , Wu Yushi , Zheng Ping , Dai Yi , Leng Jinhua
Published: November 2019

Abstract Objective: Endometriosis is a chronic disease characterized by the growth of endometrial cells outside the uterine cavity. The dysfunction of the immune system is strongly associated with the progression of endometriosis, and is also correlated to the diversity of microbiota in the genital tract. According to previous studies, the microbiota significantly contributes to multi-systemic function, but the evidence of endometriosis and adenomyosis remains insufficient. Thus, the present study attempted to identify the characteristics of microbiota in endometriosis patients, and the connection between microbiota and immunological dysfunction. Methods: In order to compare and explore the potential microbiota correlated to endometriosis and adenomyosis in the genital tract, 134 samples obtained from the cervical canal, posterior fornix and uterine cavity were analyzed by 16s-rRNA sequencing. The raw data was filtered, analyzed and visualized, and bio-information methods were used to identify the different and distinctive characteristics of microbiota. Results: Two different locations near the cervix, cervical canal and posterior fornix, exhibited no differences in alpha diversity. Among the different disease groups, five microbiota were distinctive in the genus level, and Atopobium presented with the greatest significance in adenomyoisis-endometriosis patients. The LEfSe analysis failed to identify the special biomarkers, while several characteristic functions were identified through PICRUSt. Conclusion: Lactobacillus is dominant in the female lower genital tract, and Atopobium is distinctively higher in patients with endometriosis combined with adenomyosis. Several different functions of microbiota were explored, and these are found to be associated with endometriosis and adenomyosis. These findings may provide a new concept of microbiota/immune system/endometriosis system. There is an urgent need to investigate the potential microbial biomarkers of endometriosis in the future.
Factors Influencing Citizen Satisfaction in Getting Public Service (Case Study: The Service User of the Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Tanah Bumbu Regency in 2018)
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Mahbubah Indriani
Published: November 2019

The present study explained factors influencing citizen satisfaction service in the Investment and One-Stop Service Agency of Tanah Bumbu Regency. In particular, this research analyses the level of citizen satisfaction and the extent to which Awareness, Rules, Organizational, Income, Skill-Ability, and Service Facility Factor influence Citizen Satisfaction. This study uses a mixed methodology with a sequential explanatory strategy. Using the incidental sampling with Slovin's Formula to calculate the number of samples is 93 respondents. The quantitative data were analyzed by the SmartPLS 3.0 program. The findings showed that the level of citizen satisfaction is included in the category "Satisfied". Furthermore, the variable of Citizen Satisfaction is influenced by variables of Awareness, Rules, Organizational, Income, Skill-Ability dan Service Facility Factor for 70,5%. Whereas Awareness, Rules, Organizational, and Skill-Ability Factor has a significant influence on Citizen Satisfaction. Besides, Income and Service Facility Factor do not have a significant influence on Citizen Satisfaction.
The Invisible US Hispanic/Latino HIV Crisis: Addressing Gaps in the National Response
Authors: Guilamo-Ramos Vincent , Thimm-Kaiser Marco , Benzekri Adam , Chacón Guillermo , López Oscar R. , Scaccabarrozzi Luis , Rios Elena
Published: November 2019

The federal government has proposed an end to HIV transmission in the United States by 2030. Although the United States has made substantial overall progress in the fight against HIV/AIDS, data released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have raised concerns about widening, yet largely unrecognized, HIV infection disparities among Hispanic and Latino populations.

This commentary identifies underlying drivers of increasing new HIV infections among Hispanics/Latinos, discusses existing national efforts to fight HIV in Hispanic/Latino communities, and points to gaps in the federal response. Consideration of the underlying drivers of increased HIV incidence among Hispanics/Latinos is warranted to achieve the administration’s 2030 HIV/AIDS goals.

Specifically, the proposed reinforcement of national efforts to end the US HIV epidemic must include focused investment in four priority areas: (1) HIV stigma reduction in Hispanic/Latino communities, (2) the availability and accessibility of HIV treatment of HIV-positive Hispanics/Latinos, (3) the development of behavioral interventions tailored to Hispanic/Latino populations, and (4) the engagement of Hispanic/Latino community leaders.
Population Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Community-Supported Agriculture Among Low-Income US Adults: A Microsimulation Analysis
Authors: Basu Sanjay , O’Neill Jessica , Sayer Edward , Petrie Maegan , Bellin Rochelle , Berkowitz Seth A.
Published: November 2019

Objectives. To estimate the population-level effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a subsidized community-supported agriculture (CSA) intervention in the United States.

Methods. In 2019, we developed a microsimulation model from nationally representative demographic, biomedical, and dietary data (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2016) and a community-based randomized trial (conducted in Massachusetts from 2017 to 2018). We modeled 2 interventions: unconditional cash transfer ($300/year) and subsidized CSA ($300/year subsidy).

Results. The total discounted disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) accumulated over the life course to cardiovascular disease and diabetes complications would be reduced from 24 797 per 10 000 people (95% confidence interval [CI] = 24 584, 25 001) at baseline to 23 463 per 10 000 (95% CI = 23 241, 23 666) under the cash intervention and 22 304 per 10 000 (95% CI = 22 084, 22 510) under the CSA intervention. From a societal perspective and over a life-course time horizon, the interventions had negative incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, implying cost savings to society of –$191 100 per DALY averted (95% CI = –$191 767, –$188 919) for the cash intervention and –$93 182 per DALY averted (95% CI = –$93 707, –$92 503) for the CSA intervention.

Conclusions. Both the cash transfer and subsidized CSA may be important public health interventions for low-income persons in the United States.
The Geographic Distribution of Fentanyl-Involved Overdose Deaths in Cook County, Illinois
Authors: Nesoff Elizabeth D. , Branas Charles C. , Martins Silvia S.
Published: November 2019

Objectives. To contrast the geographic distribution of fentanyl-involved and non–fentanyl-involved fatal overdoses between 2014 and 2018 in Cook County, Illinois.

Methods. We conducted a spatial analysis using locations of fentanyl-involved fatal overdoses (n = 1433) compared with nonfentanyl opioid and polydrug fatal overdoses (n = 1838) collected through the Cook County Medical Examiner’s Office from 2014 to 2018. We also used logistic regression to test significant individual- and neighborhood-level covariates.

Results. Fentanyl overdoses geographically clustered more than nonfentanyl overdoses, and this difference was statistically significant. One area in particular showed significantly elevated risk for fentanyl overdoses (P < .05) located in 2 specific neighborhoods of Chicago. The odds of a fentanyl-involved overdose were significantly increased for men, Blacks, Latinos/as, and younger individuals. Neighborhood deprivation score was the only significant neighborhood-level predictor (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval = 1.07, 1.17).

Conclusions. Fentanyl-involved fatal overdoses follow a distinct geographic distribution associated with resource deprivation in neighborhoods where they occur. This suggests an evolving bifurcated drug market, with drug markets in resource-deprived neighborhoods disproportionately likely to include fentanyl.
A Preoperative Scale for Determining Surgical Readmission Risk After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Siracuse Brianna L. , Ippolito Joseph A. , Gibson Peter D. , Ohman-Strickland Pamela A. , Beebe Kathleen S.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common orthopaedic procedures performed in the U.S. The purpose of this study was to develop and verify a scale to preoperatively stratify a patient’s risk of being readmitted to the hospital following a TKA.

Methods:

Discharge data on 433,638 patients from New York and California (derivation cohort) and 269,934 patients from Florida and Washington (validation cohort) who underwent TKA were collected from the State Inpatient Database, a part of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2006 to 2011). Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were abstracted and analyzed to develop the Readmission After Total Knee Arthroplasty (RATKA) Scale.

Results:

Overall 30-day readmission rates in the derivation and validation cohorts were 5.11% and 4.98%, respectively. The following factors were significantly associated with increased 30-day readmission rates in the derivation cohort: age of 41 to 50 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13), age of 71 to 80 years (OR = 1.21), age of 81 to 90 years (OR = 1.70), male sex (OR = 1.19), African-American race (OR = 1.37), “other” race/ethnicity (OR = 1.08), Medicaid payer (OR = 1.43), Medicare payer (OR = 1.27), anemia (OR = 1.19), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR = 1.29), coagulopathy (OR = 1.22), congestive heart failure (OR = 1.64), diabetes (OR = 1.19), fluid and electrolyte disorder (OR = 1.25), hypertension (OR = 1.10), liver disease (OR = 1.27), renal failure (OR = 1.33), and rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.14). These factors were used to create the RATKA Scale. The RATKA score was then used to define 3 levels of risk for readmission: low (RATKA score of <13; 3.7% readmission rate), moderate (RATKA score of 13 to 16; 5.4% readmission rate), and high (RATKA score of >16; 7.6% readmission rate). The relative risk of readmission was 2.06 for the high-risk group compared with the low-risk group.

Conclusions:

The RATKA Scale derived from patient data from the derivation cohort was reliably able to explain readmission variability after TKA for patients in the validation cohort at a rate of >95%. Models such as the RATKA Scale will enable identification of the risk of readmission following TKA based on a patient’s risk profile prior to surgery.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Videoconference Interviews for an Adult Reconstruction Fellowship: Lessons Learned
Authors: Healy William L. , Bedair Hany
Published: November 2019

Background:

In 2017, approximately 90% of U.S. orthopaedic residents chose to participate in orthopaedic fellowships. The process of applying and interviewing for an orthopaedic fellowship is expensive and time-consuming for both orthopaedic residents and orthopaedic residency programs. Considerable physician man-hours are allocated to fellowship interviews and the match ranking process, and there are unintended consequences of time away from work for the resident and his or her training program. To reduce time and cost allocated to fellowship interviews, we implemented videoconference interviews for our adult reconstruction fellowship. The purpose of this article was to communicate the lessons that we learned about this innovation.

Methods:

Candidates and faculty who participated in videoconference interviews for our adult reconstruction fellowship during 2015 through 2017 were surveyed to learn more about the utility and acceptance of videoconference interviewing.

Results:

Eighty-five percent of the 47 videoconference interview candidates who responded to our survey believed that the videoconference interviews gave them a satisfactory understanding of our adult reconstruction fellowship; 85% of candidates stated that the fellowship manual and the videoconference interviews gave them a satisfactory understanding of our fellowship; 89% of candidates stated that the videoconference interview met their expectations; 85% of candidates believed that the videoconference interviews allowed them to present themselves to the program to their satisfaction; and 81% of candidates were comfortable ranking our program after the videoconference interviews. Furthermore, there was universal gratitude in the subjective comments for the convenience and low cost of the videoconference interviews. However, we are concerned that 15% of the candidates did not believe that they had the opportunity to present themselves to their satisfaction with videoconference interviews; 19% of applicants were not comfortable ranking our program after a videoconference interviews; 34% of videoconference interview candidates stated that the videoconference interviews had an unfavorable impact on their ranking of our program; and 30% of candidates believed that the videoconference interview was not a good format for fellowship interviews.

Conclusions:

This review presents what we learned about using videoconference interviews for evaluating and selecting adult reconstruction fellows. The role of videoconference interviews for selecting adult reconstruction fellows remains to be determined.
Base-pair Ambiguity and the Kinetics of RNA Folding
Authors: Zhou Guangyao , Loper Jackson , Geman Stuart
Published: November 2019

Background : A folding RNA molecule encounters multiple opportunities to form non-native yet energetically favorable pairings of nucleotide sequences. Given this forbidding free-energy landscape, mechanisms have evolved that contribute to a directed and efficient folding process, including catalytic proteins and error-detecting chaperones. Among structural RNA molecules we make a distinction between "bound" molecules, which are active as part of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, and "unbound," with physiological functions performed without necessarily being bound in RNP complexes. We hypothesized that unbound molecules, lacking the partnering structure of a protein, would be more vulnerable than bound molecules to kinetic traps that compete with native stem structures. We defined an "ambiguity index"---a normalized function of the primary and secondary structure of an individual molecule that measures the number of kinetic traps available to nucleotide sequences that are paired in the native structure, presuming that unbound molecules would have lower indexes. The ambiguity index depends on the purported secondary structure, and was computed under both the comparative ("gold standard") and an equilibrium-based prediction which approximates the minimum free energy (MFE) structure. Arguing that kinetically accessible metastable structures might be more biologically relevant than thermodynamic equilibrium structures, we also hypothesized that MFE-derived ambiguities would be less effective in separating bound and unbound molecules. Results : We have introduced an intuitive and easily computed function of primary and secondary structures that measures the availability of complementary sequences that could disrupt the formation of native stems on a given molecule---an ambiguity index. Using comparative secondary structures, the ambiguity index is systematically smaller among unbound than bound molecules, as expected. Furthermore, the effect is lost when the presumably more accurate comparative structure is replaced instead by the MFE structure. Conclusions : A statistical analysis of the relationship between the primary and secondary structures of non-coding RNA molecules suggests that stem-disrupting kinetic traps are substantially less prevalent in molecules not participating in RNP complexes. In that this distinction is apparent under the comparative but not the MFE secondary structure, the results highlight a possible deficiency in structure predictions when based upon assumptions of thermodynamic equilibrium.
Tacrolimus reverses the pemphigus vulgaris serum-enhanced expression of desmoglein in HaCaT cells
Authors: xie zhimin , Pan Qiaolin , Shen Xucheng , Zhang Yi , Dai Xiangnong , Ye Xingdong
Published: November 2019

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is associated with autoantibodies against desmoglein (Dsg), including Dsg1 and Dsg3. However, the precise mechanism by which acantholysis occurs in response to PV-IgG and the effect of tacrolimus for PV remain unclear.Method To co-culture human HaCaT keratinocytes with DMEM medium containing 5% PV-sera to establish a cell model of pemphigus that can determine the effect of PV-sera and tacrolimus on Dsg mRNA transcription and protein expression in HaCaT cells. Dsg protein expression in HaCaT cells was evaluated by Western blotting and Dsg mRNA transcription by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The distribution of Dsg1 and Dsg3 in HaCaT cells was determined by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF).Results The application of 5% PV serum resulted in an increase in the transcription and expression levels of Dsg1 and Dsg3, whereas tacrolimus suppressed Dsg1 and Dsg3 expression. Tacrolimus inhibited PV serum-induced disruption of cell−cell contacts. Tacrolimus also downregulated the expression of Dsg1and Dsg3 compared with the PV group. IIF revealed that the linear deposits of Dsg1 on the surface of HaCaT cells in the PV-sera group disappeared and were replaced by granular and agglomerated fluorescent particles on the cell surface, whereas the Dsg3 linear deposits still existed, but this effect could be reversed by tacrolimus.Conclusion The Dsg3 antibody disrupts desmosome junctions by inducing endocytosis, resulting in desmosomal dissociation. Tacrolimus could reverse PV serum-induced enhancement Dsg expression in HaCaT cells.
The Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus expression system reveals the wheat C2H2 zinc finger protein TaZFP1B as a key regulator of drought tolerance
Authors: Houde Mario , Cheuk Arnaud , Ouellet François
Published: November 2019

Drought stress is one of the major factors limiting wheat production globally. Improving drought tolerance is important for agriculture sustainability. Although various morphological, physiological and biochemical responses associated with drought tolerance have been documented, the molecular mechanisms and regulatory genes that are needed to improve drought tolerance in crops require further investigation. We have used a novel 4-component version (for overexpression) and a 3-component version (for underexpression) of a barley stripe mosaic virus-based (BSMV) system for functional characterization of the C2H2-type zinc finger protein TaZFP1B in wheat. These expression systems avoid the need to produce transgenic plant lines and greatly speeds up functional gene characterization.Results We show that overexpression of TaZFP1B stimulates plant growth and up-regulates different oxidative stress-responsive genes under well-watered conditions. Plants that overexpress TaZFP1B are more drought tolerant at critical periods of the plant’s life cycle. Furthermore, RNA-Seq analysis revealed that plants overexpressing TaZFP1B reprogram their transcriptome, resulting in physiological and physical modifications that help wheat to grow and survive under drought stress. In contrast, plants transformed to underexpress TaZFP1B are significantly less tolerant to drought and growth is negatively affected.Conclusions This study clearly shows that the two versions of the BSMV system can be used for fast and efficient functional characterization of genes in crops. The extent of transcriptome reprogramming in plants that overexpress TaZFP1B indicates that the encoded transcription factor is a key regulator of drought tolerance in wheat.
XiangShaLiuJunZi Decoction combined with S-1 in the maintenance treatment of Stage III and IV Gastric Cancer: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hong Xiao-Cui , Liang Qi-Lian , Luo Xing-Bo , Hu Ke-Hui , Yang Hai-Xia , Ou Wen-ting , Zhang Hui-Jie
Published: November 2019

Background The total effective rate of first-line chemotherapy based on fluorouracils and platinum for advanced gastric cancer is about 31%-64%, but most of Patients will develop worse after 3-8 months, while second-line chemotherapy is seems inefficient and prone to serious adverse chemotherapy reactions. The new oral fluorouracil chemotherapeutic drug, S-1, has been increasingly used in clinical maintenance after first-line chemotherapy for stage III and IV gastric cancer because of its its own advantages. In addition, the effects of XiangshaLiujunzi Decoction(XSLJZD) and other traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) on alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life of cancer patients have been gradually confirmed, no more reports about the maintenance treatment mode of combination of western medicine and TCM. We designed the trial of XSLJZD combined with S-1 in the maintenance treatment of Stage III and IV Gastric Cancer, hoped that this research program will go further and comprehensively evaluate its effectiveness, safety and superiority.Methods/design This trial is an open, Single-center, randomized trial. Patients with stage III and stage IV gastric cancer will be randomized into group A (S-1), group B (S-1 combined with XSLJZD), and group C (symptomatic treatment/observation) for five year of corresponding treatment. Accordingly, the primary endpoint of this trial was progression-free survival (PFS), along with the secondary end point was Overall survival(OS) and Quality of Life Assessment (QOLA), the latter includes improvement in symptoms before and after treatment, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and adverse events (AEs) assessment.Discussion The results of this trial can uncover to some extent that S-1 or S-1 combined with XSLJZD on PFS, OS and QOLA in the maintenance period of stage III and IV gastric cancer, as well as provide a preliminary basis for the effectiveness of S-1 combined with XSLJZD in the maintenance period of stage III and IV gastric cancer.
A genomic view of trophic and metabolic diversity in clade-specific Lamellodysidea sponge microbiomes
Authors: Podell Sheila , Blanton Jessica M. , Oliver Aaron , Schorn Michelle A. , Agarwal Vinayak , Biggs Jason S. , Moore Bradley S. , Allen Eric E.
Published: November 2019

Background: Marine sponges and their microbiomes contribute significantly to carbon and nutrient cycling in global reefs, processing and remineralizing dissolved and particulate organic matter. Lamellodysidea herbacea sponges obtain additional energy from abundant photosynthetic Hormoscilla cyanobacterial symbionts, which also produce polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) chemically similar to anthropogenic pollutants of environmental concern. Potential contributions of non-Hormoscilla bacteria to Lamellodysidea microbiome metabolism and the synthesis and degradation of additional secondary metabolites are currently unknown. Results: This study has determined relative abundance, taxonomic novelty, metabolic capacities, and secondary metabolite potential in 21 previously uncharacterized, uncultured Lamellodysidea-associated microbial populations by reconstructing near-complete metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) to complement 16S rRNA gene amplicon studies. Microbial community structures aligned with sponge host subgroup phylogeny in 16 samples from four host clades collected from multiple sites in Guam over a three year period, including representatives of Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Oligoflexia, and Bacteroidetes as well as Cyanobacteria (Hormoscilla). Unexpectedly, microbiomes from one host clade also included Cyanobacteria from the chemically talented genus Prochloron, a common tunicate symbiont. Two novel Alphaprotobacteria MAGs encoded pathways diagnostic for methylotrophic metabolism as well as Type III secretion systems, and have been provisionally assigned to a new order, designated Candidatus Methylospongiales. MAGs from other taxonomic groups encoded light-driven energy production pathways using not only chlorophyll, but also bacteriochlorophyll and proteorhodopsin. Diverse heterotrophic capabilities favoring aerobic versus anaerobic conditions included pathways for degrading chitin, eukaryotic extracellular matrix polymers, phosphonates, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, trimethylamine, and benzoate. Genetic evidence identified an aerobic catabolic pathway for halogenated aromatics that may enable endogenous PBDEs to be used as a carbon and energy source. Conclusions: The reconstruction of high quality MAGs from all microbial taxa comprising greater than 0.1% of the sponge microbiome enabled species-specific assignment of unique metabolic features that could not have been predicted from taxonomic data alone. This information will promote more representative models of marine invertebrate microbiome contributions to host bioenergetics, the identification of potential new sponge parasites and pathogens based on conserved metabolic and physiological markers, and a better understanding of biosynthetic and degradative pathways for secondary metabolites and halogenated compounds in sponge-associated microbiota.
The effect of combination of methanol with several concentration of honey solution on sperm quality of botia Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852 after short-term storage at −80 ℃
Authors: Abinawanto Abinawanto , Musthofa Siti Zuhriyyah , Lestari Retno , Bowolaksono Anom , Wilkes Martin , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin
Published: November 2019

Background: Clown loach or botia, Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852, is a popular freshwater ornamental fish. Lack of high quality broodstock and asynchronous gonad maturation are the main problem in breeding of this species. Cryopreservation is one of the methods to overcome this problem, and cryoprotectant plays a vital role in this process. Herein, we tested two types of cryoprotectants, namely methanol as a permeating cryoprotectant and honey solution as a natural non-permeating cryoprotectant. Hence, the objective of the present study was to determine best combination of honey solution and methanol for short-term storage of C. macracanthus sperm. Methods: One level of methanol (10%) combined with six levels of honey solution (0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 0.9%) were tested in this study. Ringer’s solution was used as an extender. The diluted sperms were equilibrated for 25 min at 4 °C and then kept at −80 ℃ for 48 h. Sperms was thawed for 13 s at 40 °C. Spermatozoa viability, motility, and fertilization rates were then observed. Results: The one-way ANOVA showed that combination of methanol with several concentrations of honey had a significant effect on sperm viability and fertilization rates (P<0.05), but did have a significant effect on sperm motility (P>0.05). The study revealed that the 0.1% honey solution combined with 10% methanol resulted in the highest rates of motility (89.4 ± 5.45%), viability (85.75 ± 4.79 %), and fertilization (98.55 ± 1.69 %). Conclusion: A 0.1% honey solution combined with 10% methanol in Ringer’s was the best cryoprotectant for C. macracanthus spermatozoa preserved at -80 ℃.
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium sseK3 induce cell apoptosis and enhance glycolysis in macrophages
Authors: Du Fuyu , Yu Chuan , Zhang Chunjie , Li Yinju , Liao Chengshui , He Lei , Cheng Xiangchao , Zhang Xiaojie
Published: November 2019

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is an important infectious disease pathogen. Previous studies have identified that S. Typhimurium secreted effector K3 (SseK3) is a novel translated and secreted protein, but it is unclear whether this protein exerts a significant role in the progress of apoptosis and glycolysis in macrophages.
Results: The S. Typhimurium SL1344 wild-type (WT) group, ΔsseK3 mutant group and sseK3-complemented group were used to infect macrophages and the effects of sseK3 on apoptosis and glycolysis of macrophages were investigated. The adherence and invasion of ΔsseK3 mutant group for macrophages were similar to WT group and sseK3-complemented group, indicating that SseK3 did not play an important role in the adherence and invasion of S. Typhimurium for macrophages. However, the apoptosis percentage of the ΔsseK3 mutant group was much lower than WT group and sseK3-complemented group using flow cytometry. The caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 enzyme activity of the ΔsseK3 mutant group were decreased significantly compared with WT group and sseK3-complemented group, which suggested that sseK3 could improve the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 enzyme. We also found that the pyruvic acid level did not significantly change among ΔsseK3 mutant group, WT group and sseK3-complemented group, but the lactic acid level of ΔsseK3 mutant group was much lower than WT group and sseK3-complemented group. The ATP level of ΔsseK3 mutant group was remarkably higher than WT group and sseK3-complemented group. These indicated that the sseK3 enhanced the level of glycolysis of macrophages infected by S. Typhimurium.
Conclusions: Our data showed that the sseK3 of S. Typhimurium can promote macrophages apoptosis and influence glycolysis levels of macrophages. These results may give a better clue about the relationship between apoptosis and glycolysis in macrophages induced by S. Typhimurium sseK3.
Keywords: S. Typhimurium, sseK3, macrophages apoptosis, glycolysis
Neighborhood’s locality, walkability, and residents’ multimorbidity: Evidence from the China’s middle-aged and older population
Authors: Yu Xuexin , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2019

Background Neighborhood factors have gained increasing attention, while the role of neighborhood’s walkability and location have not been clarified in multimorbidity. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of 14 non-communicable chronic disease (NCDs) and depicted variations in the number of NCDs as a function of road type, urban-rural settings, neighborhood characteristics, and individual confounders. Methods Data came from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 National Baseline Survey. Negative binomial regression with clustered robust standard errors was employed to analyze variations in the number of NCDs among 13,414 Chinese middle-aged and older population. Results First, over 65% subjects had at least one NCDs, and over 35% had multiple NCDs. Arthritis (33.08%), hypertension (24.54%), and digestive disease (21.98%) were the most prevalent NCDs. There existed no urban-rural differences in multimorbidity after adjusted for neighborhood clustering variations. Lastly, living with paved road was associated with fewer NCDs relative to living with unpaved road. Conclusion Findings suggest that urban-rural disparities in the number of NCDs appeared to result from within-neighborhoods characteristics. Living with walkable road is important for middle-aged and older population.