bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hysteria in the Psychopathological Space of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Comments to S.M. Popov’s Article “The History of the Formation of Concepts and Modern View on Hysteria in Endogenous Mental Diseases” (Psychiatry. 2019;17(4):90–101)
Authors: Smulevich A. B. , Zhilin V. O. , Lobanova V. M.
Published: July 2020

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Musykilat Tadris al-Insya’ wa ‘ilajuha Lada Thalabah al-Fashl al-Tsamin bi Madrasah Ma’arif al-Mutawassitah al-Islamiyyah
Authors: Fuadi Faturahman , Inayah Laila
Published: July 2020

The creation was a representation of the concepts or knowledge or attitudes of the writer. It is worth mentioning here that the construction depicts the linguistic terms that are in the writer's mind. Therefore, the difference between the writing in the creation and the drawing is shown, because the drawing can conceive the meaning, but it is not illustrated On the unity of the language phrases. The problems of the construction of the eighth grade students in the school of Ma’arif Islamic secondary Buana Sakti Batanghari Lambong Oriental, attributed to their weakness in grammatical and grammatical rules, lack of vocabulary for expression, difficulties in organizing ideas in writing or classifying ideas and arranging them in logical order Students may have limited vocabulary to express, but can not express a lack of experience in the construction. Students who are weak in the rules pose a problem when making the construction, such as putting the sentence or placing the pronouns correctly, and when they do not have enough vocabulary to express ideas, To their difficulty in expression, and may write words inappropriate to the subject. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methodsby using questionnaire data analysis, interviews and documentation. data sources obtained from primary and secondary data sources. The pupose of this study was to determine the problem of learning construction and to find solutions in learning for 8 th grade students in Islamic Junior High School 21, Buana Sakti, Batanghari, East Lampung.
Tashmim Ibtikar Tadris al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah bi Wasilah Android: Tathwir 14 Maudhu’an li Maaddah al-Tarkib al-Mukatssaf al-Ibtidaiy bi Qismi al-Adab al-Arabiy, Kulliyyah al-Adab, Jamiah Malang al-Hukumiyyah
Authors: Fauzan Moh , Thoriquttyas Titis , Dariyadi Moch. Wahib
Published: July 2020

Munculnya era baru yaitu era industri 4.0 menjadi tantangan dan peluang dalam segala aspek kehidupan dan termasuk di dalamnya yaitu dunia pendidikan. Saat ini buku yang terbesar peredarannya masih didominasi oleh buku cetak, hal ini tentu menjadi peluang untuk memunculkan buku non cetak sebagai solusi menghadai era revolusi industri 4.0. Salah satu buku non cetak yang bisa dibuat yaitu bahan cetak berbasis aplikasi Android. Matakuliah Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida’i merupakan matakuliah wajib yang harus ditempuh oleh mahasiswa Jurusan Sastra Arab Fakultas Sastra Universitas Negeri Malang (JSA FS UM). Seiring munculnya era revolusi industri 4.0 perlu adanya terobosan baru dalam matakuliah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain dan mengembangkan bahan ajar Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida’i berbasis Android bagi mahasiswa JSA FS UM. Hasil dari penelitian ini dalam pengembangan bahan ajar Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida’i berbasis Android yang perlu dilakukan adalah menganalisis Rencana Perkuliahan Semester (RPS), merumuskan tujuan pembelajaran setiap materi bahan ajar yang akan dikembangkan, mendesain bahan ajar, mengembangkan bahan ajar dalam Ms Word, dan mengembangan bahan ajar yang berupa Ms Word ke dalam aplikasi Android. Ada 14 materi yang dikembangkan. Isi setiap materi terdiri atas tema, tujuan pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran, dan soal-soal latihan.
Gramsci: Una renovación del ideario estratégico
Authors: Aguilar García Carlos José , Baeza Vaz Alberto
Published: July 2020

La I Guerra Mundial transformó por completo el contexto europeo, por lo que muchos la han denominado Guerra Civil Europea. El tablero tambaleado por ella modificó la posición de muchas fichas, y una de las que sufrió mayores cambios fue la tradición de pensamiento marxista-comunista. El surgimiento de la URSS y de la ideología fascista hizo cambiar la estrategia comunista al completo y en poco margen de tiempo. Ante esa situación Gramsci tuvo la capacidad de desarrollar un ideario estratégico diferente al que marcaban las direcciones de la Internacional Comunista, y mantuvo su posición crítica hasta su muerte. En la actualidad, muchos teóricos del posmarxismo y la nueva izquierda plantean una relectura del pensador sardo, en este contexto es necesario recuperar los elementos de su ideario -Partido como intelectual orgánico, estructura-superestructura y Estado- en su contexto, para tener un análisis certero del pensamiento gramsciano.
Manufacturability support of product design
Authors: Bazrov Boris
Published: July 2020

A methodical approach to the development of product design manufacturability support is presented. The approach described takes into account the stages of product life, difference in initial conditions, contradictions in the impact of one and the same characteristics of product design upon labor-intensity of different stages of product life and conditions under which the optimization for manufacturability is carried out in absolute and relative values of manufacturability.
Current state and trends in development of technological engineering pre-production
Authors: Tchigirinsky Uyliy
Published: July 2020

Approaches to the formalized solution of technological design problems at the initial stages of TPP taking into account functional potentialities of modern CAD program-information means are considered. There is shown necessity and possible directions of digitalization of TPP information support are defined taking into account the requirements to the completeness, reliability, actuality and protectability of reference data.
Analysis and directions of technological and organization problem updating in gas turbine aircraft engine repair
Authors: Bezyazychnyy Vyacheslav , Smirnov Andrey
Published: July 2020

There are presented technological (requirements in new technologies for repair of gas turbine engines (GTE) repaired according to a technical state, growing requirements on reliability, high cost of repair, a limited access to new technologies) and organization (absence of repair localization, high competition etc.) problems of aircraft gas turbine engine repair.

The direction for updating: development of new repair technologies at the transition to the concept of repair on a technical state; module technology application; repair production localization; creation of flexible repair techniques etc. is considered.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN BENIH CABAI BESAR (Capsiccum annum L) DI CV. TANI MANDIRI DESA CIHERANG PONDOK KECAMATAN CARINGIN KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Fajar Ahmad , Yusiarti Arti , Arsyad Apendi
Published: July 2020

CV Tani Mandiri yang mengalami penurunan penjualan benih cabai yang diduga berasal dari program pemasaran yang kurang tepat. Analisis strategi menggunakan matriks IFE – EFE dan Analisis SWOT dan QSPM. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan kuisioner tertutup maupun terbuka kepada 6 orang informan kunci. Matriks IFE-EFE memetakan kekuatan dan kelemahan serta peluang dan acaman. Berdasarkan matriks SWOT, dilipilh alternative strategiterbaik dengan menggunakan matriks QSP. Prioritas stretegi pemasaran yang dapat diterapkan dalam pemasaran benih cabai di perusahaan CV. Tani Mandiri adalah : a.melakukan kegiatan promosi modern dengan menggunakan media internet (6,293), Mempertahankan kualitas produk benih cabai (5,690), Menjalin kemitraan dengan petani sekitar dengan cara memberikan pinjaman benih cabai dengan sistem pembayaran setelah kegiatan panen (5,434).Kata kunci : Strategi Pemasaran, Benih Cabai, SWOT, QSPM, IFE-EFE
ANALISIS PENGARUH LABEL HALAL DALAM TINGKAT PENJUALAN (Kasus Pada PT. Fast Food Indonesia, Tbk)
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Novita Ita , Miftah Himmatul
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses sertifikasi label halal, tingkat preferensi konsumen terhadap label halal, dan pengaruh label halal terhadap tingkat penjualan.Penelitian dilakukan di PT. Fast Food Indonesia pada bulan Juni 2007 – Februari 2008, di salah satu outlet yaitu KFC Padjajaran. Metode pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara dan kuisioner secara langsung dengan pegawai perusahaan atau konsumen KFC secara sengaja (purposive). Metode analisa dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Atribut utama yang diperhatikan responden dalam memilih makanan yaitu label halal 51,66%, harga 33,33%, bentuk kemasan 6,66%, merek 5% dan ukuran 1,66%. Label halal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kenaikan nilai penjualan PT. Fast Food Indonesia. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji nilai tengah dan uji T-test terhadap harga penjualan yang dibandingkan sebelum mendapat sertifikasi halal dengan keadaan ketika sesudahmendapatkan sertifikasi halal yaitu 6,647 berbanding dengan 3,641 untuk uji nilai tengah dan 3, 16 dengan 1,812. Prosedur untuk mendapatkan sertifikasi halal relatif mudah dan tidak rumit dengan ketentuan semua persyaratannya telah dipenuhi. Jadi kekhawatiran produsen mengenai rumitnya prosedur sertifikasi halal tidak terbukti.Sistem Jaminan Halal terbukti mampu menjamin bahkan meningkatkan kualitas produk serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan penjualan produk KFC rata-rata 12,81% per tahun.Kata kunci: Label halal, Preferensi komsumen, Tingkat penjualan
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI USAHATANI PADI PRA IMPLEMENTASI PERLINDUNGAN LAHAN PANGAN PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN (Kasus Petani di Desa Jati Kecamatan Tarogong Kaler Kabupaten Garut Jawa Barat)
Authors: Nahraeni Wini , Masithoh Siti , Puspitasari Endah
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi terhadap produksi padi, tingkat efisiensi teknis dan efisiensi ekonomis usahatani padi. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada November – Desember 2015 di Desa Jati Kecamatan Tarogong Kaler Kabupaten Garut Provinsi Jawa Barat. Data dianalisis menggunakan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas yang diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 16.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel luas lahan, jumlah benih, tenaga kerja, pengalaman, status petani serta penyuluhan masing-masing berpengaruh positif terhadap produksi padi dan signifikan pada taraf α dibawah 10 persen, kecuali pupuk N dan pupuk P. Variabel yang bernilai negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap produksi padi adalah pupuk N. Pada aspek efisiensi ekonomis, usahatani padi yang dilakukan di Desa Jati belum efisien, hal ini dapat dilihat dari rasio NPM/BKM yang lebih besar atau lebih kecil dari satu. Variabel luas lahan dan benih mempunyai rasio NPM/BKM lebih dari satu sehingga variabel-variabel tersebut masih dapat ditambah agar dapat efisien, sedangkan tenaga kerja mempunyai rasio NPM/BKM kurang dari satu, sehingga input variabel tersebut dapat dikatakan sudah berlebih, agar input variabel ini efisien maka variabel ini dapat dikurangi. Lahan mempunyai elastisitas paling tinggi dalam meningkatkan nilai produksi padi, maka program pemerintah untuk melindungi lahan pertanian dari pengalihan fungsi melalui program PLP2B sangat relevan. Kata kunci : Efisiensi teknik, Nilai Produk Marjinal, Cobb-Douglas
Tingkat Adopsi Teknologi SRI (System of Rice Intensification) dan Analisis Usahatani Padi di Kecamatan Nagrak Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Novita Ita , Masithoh Siti , Sholihah Iis
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik petani serta mengetahui pendapatan petani padi SRI di Kecamatan Nagrak Kabupaten Sukabumi dan mengetahui bagaimana tingkat adopsi petani terhadap teknologi SRI. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Nagrak Kabupaten Sukabumi Jawa Barat di empat desa yang telah menerapkan SRI yakni Desa Nagrak Utara, Desa Cisarua, Desa Kalaparea dan Desa Nagrak Selatan. Dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2013 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 40 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis usahatani, likert dan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa petani yang menerapkan teknologi SRI sebagian besar berpendidikan rendah (tidak tamat SD) dengan persentase 56,4% dengan penghasilan Rp. 3.073.447 dengan luas lahan kurang dari 0,5 ha dan Rp. 7.090.909 dengan luas lahan lebih dari 0,5 ha.
Sistem Informasi Helpdesk Ticketing di PT Tunas Artha Gardatama
Authors: Siswanto Riky , Susanto Arif , Saputra Eddy
Published: July 2020

PT. Tunas Artha Gardatama adalah perusahaan yang besar dan memiliki cabang hampir diseluruh wilayah Indonesia, dengan jumlah karyawan yang banyak serta tanggung jawab yang besar, demi menjawab kebutuhan client dan aktivitas pekerjaan maka sudah sewajarnya penggunaan Teknologi Informasi diperlukan untuk menunjang kebutuhan dalam menjalankan usahanya. Akan tetapi dalam menjalankan aktivitas usaha juga terdapat permasalahan, salah satunya adalah permasalahan dalam penanganan kerusakan perangkat komputer yang dapat menghambat proses aktivitas kerja, sampai permasalahan tersebut diselesaikan aktivitas pekerjaan akan tergangu, meskipun permasalahan dapat diselesaikan diperlukan juga pencatatan penanganan permasalahan yang berfungsi sebagai dokumentasi serta sebagai acuan jika terdapat permasalahan yang sama terjadi. Dalam pembuatan sistem informasi ini bertujuan untuk mempermudah user untuk melakukan pelaporan permasalahan, serta mempermudah teknisi dalam melakukan diagnosa untuk menangani permasalahan tersebut, selain itu juga dapat menjadi center point, helpdesk untuk menangani permasalahan perangkat komputer dan hal lain yang berhubungan dengannya. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode Grounded research dimana penelitian berdasarkan fakta dan menggunakan analisis perbandingan dengan tujuan mengadakan generalisasi empiris menetapkan konsep, membuktikan teori, mengembangkan teori, pengumpulan dan analisi data yang merupakan sumber teori atau teori berdasarkan data. Sistem ini dirancang untuk mempermudah proses pelaporan kerusakan perangkat komputer dan penangananyaKata kunci: Sistem Informasi, Helpdesk, Ticketing, Teknologi, Komputer
Sistem Informasi Nilai Tamadun di SDIT Mafatih Bekasi Menggunakan Java dan Mysql
Authors: Sabarudin Muhammad Ginanjar , Juhriah Een , Maimunah Maimunah
Published: July 2020

SDIT Mafatih memiliki kurikulum tersendiri yang menjadi ciri khas dari sekolah tersebut yaitu tamadun. Dengan adanya ciri khas tertentu, diperlukan laporan tersendiri yang terpisah dari pelajaran pada umumnya. Saat ini laporan tamadun, tidak tertata rapi, tidak dapat dicari kembali setelah tahun ajaran baru, dan banyak lagi masalah lainnya. Maka, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memudahkan administrator dalam mengelola data nilai tamadun siswa sehingga dapat menjadi solusi terhadap permasalahan berkaitan dengan nilai tamadun secara lebih cepat, tepat dan efisien. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam sistem informasi nilai tamadun ini adalah metode waterfall, sehingga sistem informasi nilai tamadun yang sebelumnya belum ada, bisa di implementasikan dan menjadi berguna dalam membuat laporan nilai tamadun per siswa setiap tahun ajarannya. Pada Penelitian ini telah dirancang sebuah sistem informasi nilai tamadun yang dibuat menggunakan alat bantu perancangan sistem yaitu Diagram Aliran Data (DAD) konteks, nol dan rinci dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman JAVA dengan Netbeans IDE, dan database MYSQL menggunakan XAMPP. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Sistem Informasi yang bisa menghasilkan laporan nilai tamadun secara terintegrasi, sistematis, dan efisien. Laporan yang dibuat dalam sistem Informasi ini, sudah disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna, diantaranya dapat dipilih sesuai kelas, tahun ajar dan siswa.Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi, Nilai Tamadun Sdit Mafatih Bekasi, Java dan MySql
Sistem Administrasi Klinik Harapan Ibu Berbasis Java Netbeans
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi , Lina Ika Mei , Parwatiningtyas Diyan
Published: July 2020

Penyebab kesulitan dalam mencari data pasien pada saat pendaftaran umumnya terjadi akibat dari pelayanan yang kurang efektif terutama pada klinik yang belum menggunakan sistem komputerisasi. Penelitian ini selain menganalisa juga bertujuan membuat sistem informasi pada klinik, agar kinerja terkait bagian pelayanan menjadi lebih efektif, sehingga memberikan pelayan terbaik terhadap pasien. Untuk metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kuantitatif Deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi lapangan melalui pengamatan langsung dan wawancara fakta yang terjadi di lapangan serta studi kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan dan memperoleh informasi yang lebih akurat dan lengkap mengenai data yang dibutuhkan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil penelitian dengan dirancangnya sistem administrasi klinik Harapan Ibu yang dibuat menggunakan salah satu bahasa pemrograman yaitu Java dan database MySql, tentunya untuk meningkatkan efektifitas kinerja bagian-bagian terkait pelayanan seperti pada bagian pendaftaran, pemeriksaan serta pembayaran pada saat penginputan dan pencarian data serta dalam pembuatan laporan dengan begitu akan memberikan pelayanan terbaik dan mempermudah pasien untuk mendaftar saat berkunjung..Kata Kunci : Java, Sistem Informasi, Administrasi, Klinik
Attitudes of Students of the University of Split towards Asylum Seekers as a Realistic and a Symbolic Threat in the Context of Risk Society
Authors: Kovačević Vlaho , Malenica Krunoslav , Jelaska Igor
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research was to analyze the attitudes of the student population at the University of Split towards asylum seekers as a multidimensional threat to the community in the context of risk society. We have approached the empirical data collection within a multidimensional theoretical framework. The first part of our subject interest is the theoretical direction of reflexive modernity and risk society proposed by Ulrich Beck, while the second part deals with the theoretical explanations regarding the perception of asylum seekers as a threat. In accordance with the research objective, a stratified sample of 286 Croatian students from the University of Split expressed their attitudes toward asylum seekers using a scale. Reliability of the used questionnaire was assessed by using test and retest method. Results indicate that students perceived asylum seekers as a statistically significantly more realistic than a symbolic threat. The respondents thus recognize one, equally important yet diffuse phenomenon showing interest among the respondents for the rational choice but also for respecting the individual’s subjectivity.
Spiritual Help for Persons Suffering from Depression
Authors: Platovnjak Ivan
Published: July 2020

Currently, many experts are discussing and examining the impact of spirituality on health. It is no longer arguable to claim that spirituality has a positive effect on a person’s health. Pope Francis highlights that, in the Catholic Church, every person finds a spirituality that can provide healing. The focus of this paper is limited to the impact of spirituality on the health of persons suffering from depression, particularly on the forms of spiritual help found in Christian spirituality. This paper will be presented in three chapters. In the first, the symptoms and causes of depression are examined. In the second chapter, the author explains what constitutes spiritual help for depressed persons and which aspects should receive special attention in order not to do more harm than good. Various forms of spiritual help for depressed persons within Christian spirituality are described in the final chapter.
Uz metafizičko načelo uzročnosti - Tomino učenje o Božjem stvaranju bića kao učinku najuniverzalnijeg uzroka
Authors: Poljak Antonio
Published: July 2020

Ovaj tekst razmatra osnovni aspekt metafizičkog načela uzročnosti, a to je aspekt Božjeg uzrokovanja bitka bića. Zadanom razinom razmatranja metafizičkog načela uzročnosti naglašava se jedinstven pojam, a to je »participacija«. Pojam participacije izlaže sveti Toma Akvinski te njime izražava »višedimenzionalan « odnos Boga kao uzroka prema biću kao njegovu učinku. Učenje o participaciji ističe misao o Bogu kao najuniverzalnijem uzroku zato što je on jedini i prvi princip bitka. On je Stvoritelj, a sve biće jest stvorenje. Bog je sâm subzistirajući bitak po čijoj prvotnoj i čistoj zbiljnosti biće sudjeluje u bitku te na taj način bivstvuje. Stupanj sudjelovanja bića u bitku određen je specifičnom biti bića. Tomino učenje o Bogu kao o svršnom, uzorskom, tvornom i djelatnom uzroku implicira proizvodnju bitka bića, podjelu bitka u rodove i vrste bića, trajno održavanje u bitku te usmjerenost bića posljednjoj svrsi koja je Bog. Osim toga, uzročni odnos Boga i bića uključuje prisutnost božanskog bitka u bićima, ali i prisutnost ideja o bićima u beskonačnom božanskom umu. Već se time dijelom teksta podsjeća na često zanemarivanu platonističku pozadinu Tomina učenja o participaciji. Svojim sadržajem Tomina formulacija načela uzročnosti nadilazi formulacije ovoga načela nastale na temelju činjenice promjenjiva bića. Središnji pojam Tomine metafizike jest bitak. Iz pojma bitka postao je očigledan odgovor na trajno filozofsko pitanje: »Što je to biće?« Biće je stvorenje jer je ono učinak najuniverzalnijeg uzroka – Boga Stvoritelja.
Strategi Penginjilan Terhadap Penjangkauan Suku Melayu Riau Di Daik Lingga-Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Waruwu Septerianus
Published: July 2020

Suku Melayu telah ada di nusantara dengan suatu periode yang sudah lama. Tetapi dampak daripenginjilan dibandingkan dengan suku lain tidaklah terlihat. Ada faktor penghambat daripenginjilan dalam daerah ini sehingga tidak terlihat dampak yang signifikan akan Injil . Agar sukuini tidak menolak akan Injil yang disampaikan, dibutuhkan strategi dalam pemberitaan Injil.Sehubungan dengan itu maka dalam penulisan skripsi ini, peneliti merumuskan permasalahansebagai berikut : Pertama, bagaimana keadaan masyarakat yang berbudaya Melayu di Daik-Lingga? Kedua, srategi pemberitaan Injil apakah yang bisa dilakukan untuk penjangkauan sukuMelayu di Daik-Lingga? Peneliti melakukan pendekatan terhadap suku ini dengan menggunakanpenelitian kualitatif metode etnografi pada suku melayu di Daik-Lingga untuk mendapatkan datamengenai akar yang menghambat pemberitaan Injil dalam suku melayu di Daik Lingga sertastrategi pemberitaan Injil yang efektif yang dapat digunakan didalam penjangkauan akan suku ini.Dari data yang telah dikumpulkan, peneliti mendapatkan hasil bahwasannya suku melayu di Daik-Lingga tidak menerima Injil karena faktor lingkungan yang mayoritas muslim yang tidakmenginginkan pendirian budaya baru di daerahnya serta faktor orang Kristen awam yang belummendapat pengajaran mengenai penjangkauan suku melayu.
Other Thoughts on the Philosophy of Big Life
Authors: zhu ruiyu
Published: July 2020

This artical supplements the information that the Big Life philosophy fails to adequately explain. First, there is a discussion of the relationship between the five basic views of the Big Life philosophy. The point is made that these five basic views are consistent with the five basic elements of the five-element system elaborated from the systematic laws of life present in the material world. Second, it analyzes the main factors that affect human cognition, which include the following: the complexity of things, the characteristics of the cognitive path, factors related to the observer, and environmental factors. It is precisely because of these natural problems that we have direction and goals for growth in our lives. The process of continuously solving these problems is also the process of continuous growth and growing prosperity. Finally, five basic levels of the spiritual world are proposed. There is an emphasis on the transition from the rational world to the constructed world as an urgent task for human beings. This offers a basis for an integration with natural evolution that will promote humans’ true vitality.
The Size of Contact-Implicit Preference Relationships: Two Large Sample Tests
Authors: Aberson Chris
Published: July 2020

This work examines relationships between friendships and implicit preferences across two large samples. There is considerable evidence in the contact literature suggesting that friendships relate to more favorable attitudes toward outgroups, however, most evidence reflects explicit self-report measures. Using samples of 235,543 participants who completed the Disability IAT and 533,220 participants who completed the Sexuality IAT on the Project Implicit website, results indicate that participants reporting either a disabled friend or close acquaintance demonstrated weaker implicit preferences for abled over disabled people. Similarly, those with gay friends demonstrated weaker implicit preference for “straight” over gay. The size of these relationships were considerably smaller than found for explicit evaluations.
Digital readiness and its effects on higher education students’ socio-emotional perceptions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Händel Marion , Stephan Melanie , Gläser-Zikuda Michaela , Kopp Bärbel , Bedenlier Svenja , Ziegler Albert
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic had a strong impact on higher education in 2020. Worldwide, universities developed and implemented online courses for distance learning within a relatively short amount of time. The current study investigated how ready students were for this exceptional situation and how their readiness for digital learning influenced their socio-emotional experiences. N = 1,826 students from across all institutional faculties of a German comprehensive university took part in the online survey immediately before the semester began. Results indicate that, on average, higher education students seem to be ready for digital learning. A k-means cluster analysis revealed two groups of students that significantly differed with respect to their readiness for digital learning (in terms of technological equipment, prior experiences with e-learning, and skills for digital learning). Finally, students’ socio-emotional experiences, that is, their perceived stress, their work-life-balance as well as social and emotional loneliness significantly differed due to their cluster membership. Hence, the study points to the need to support higher education students in successfully coping with the challenges of emergency remote studying.
Associations between prenatal maternal infections and children’s socioemotional outcomes: Evidence from the ALSPAC cohort
Authors: Hall Hildigunnur Anna , Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Lombardo MIchael , Murray Aja Louise , Auyeung Bonnie
Published: July 2020

Background: Previous studies have suggested there are links between maternal infections during pregnancy and increased odds of offspring schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders, particularly for exposure in the first two trimesters. Few studies have examined associations with outcomes beyond these conditions. Evidence is particularly lacking on links with child outcomes measured with instruments which capture the dimensional nature of psychopathology. Methods: We used data from the (N = 7484) Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to examine links between prenatal maternal infections, reported by mothers at each trimester, and children’s socioemotional outcomes. Child outcomes were measured using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at age 8. Linear regressions were used to assess associations. Results: Infections during the first trimester were associated with increased conduct problems (B = 0.165, P = < .001) and hyperactivity/inattention (B = 0.185, P = .007). Second trimester infections were associated with increased hyperactivity and/or inattention (B = 0.163, P = .010). This was found after adjusting for maternal age and education, deprivation, child’s sex, maternal prenatal smoking and alcohol use, maternal prenatal distress, history of psychiatric illness and exposure to infections in other trimesters, as well as correcting for multiple comparisons. No associations were found between third trimester infections and child outcomes. Conclusions: Findings suggest that the first and second trimester may be a critical period for the effects of prenatal maternal immune activation on childhood conduct problems and hyperactivity/inattention. Potential implications include increased emphasis on preventing common infections in the prenatal period.
Personality Psychology in Times of Crisis: Profile-specific Recommendations on how to deal with COVID-19
Authors: Michels Moritz , Glöckner Andreas , Giersch Daniel
Published: July 2020

The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic posed a twofold global health threat: Besides the evident danger to human life, the corona crisis is also a psychological crisis. Psychologists worldwide have contributed to cushion the distress that is laid on many societies and enforce adaptive coping strategies. However, psychological support in the past has often been broadly applied, has not been particularly parsimonious and has often been focused on severe psychological stressors. In this brief report we describe the development and application of a low-threshold tool that generates personality-specific recommendations on how to functionally cope with the psychological challenges of the corona crisis. The tool gained widespread attention in Germany and many other countries and was well received by users. It demonstrates how psychological knowledge from personality and health psychology can be combined to be of very concrete use for many people in a threatening situation.
A Tutorial in Longitudinal Measurement Invariance and Cross-lagged Panel Models Using Lavaan
Authors: Mackinnon Sean P. , Curtis Robin , O'Connor Roisin
Published: July 2020

In longitudinal studies involving multiple latent variables, researchers often seek to predict how iterations of latent variables measured at early time points predict iterations measured at later time points. Cross-lagged panel modeling, a form of structural equation modeling, is a useful way to conceptualize and test these relationships. However, prior to making causal claims, researchers must first ensure that the measured constructs are equivalent between time points. To do this, they test for measurement invariance, constructing and comparing a series of increasingly strict and parsimonious models, each making more constraints across time than the last. This comparison process, though challenging, is an important prerequisite to interpretation of results. Fortunately, testing for measurement invariance in cross-lagged panel models has become easier, thanks to the wide availability of R and its packages. This paper serves as a tutorial in testing for measurement invariance and cross-lagged panel models using the lavaan package. Using real data from an openly available study on perfectionism and drinking problems, we provide a step-by-step guide of how to test for longitudinal measurement invariance, conduct cross-lagged panel models, and interpret the results. Original data source with materials: https://osf.io/gduy4/. Project website with data/syntax for the tutorial: https://osf.io/hwkem/.
Global City in a Global Pandemic: Assessing the Ongoing Impact of COVID Induced Trends on London’s Economic Sectors
Authors: Anderson Dylan , Hesketh Rachel , Kleinman Mark , Portes Jonathan
Published: July 2020

Over the last 50 years, London has successfully adapted to technological change and globalization, making it the major driver of the UK economy. But its strengths have also made the city particularly vulnerable to the health impacts of COVID-19, and potentially also to wider negative economic implications of the crisis. Many of London’s key sectors rely on proximity, agglomeration economies and externalities. We evaluate the available data on the impact of the pandemic on London to date, with a particular focus on the differential effects between sectors. We also identify seven key trends, affecting both the demand and supply side of the economy, that are likely to have significant medium- to long-term economic impacts, and assess the potential impacts on London’s major industrial sectors. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 may further accentuate the existing divide between globally competitive advanced producer services and more locally focused sectors providing lower-value personal and household services, posing a number of significant policy challenges.
Arqueologia da Arquitetura em uma Ilha Amazônica
Authors: De Sousa Seabra Amanda Carolina
Published: July 2020

Por mais de 30 anos a Ilha de Cotijuba (Belém-Pará – Amazônia Brasileira) abrigou três diferentes instituições em um mesmo espaço: colônia reformatória, educandário e presídio. A sua arquitetura é bem característica, grandiosa, porém não aparenta ter abrigado nenhuma dessas três instituições. A partir dessa realidade, e baseado em metodologias provenientes da Arqueologia da Arquitetura e histórico do local, esse artigo pretende apresentar como o controle era aplicado nos internos a partir da arquitetura em que estavam inseridos. As metodologias escolhidas foram: análise alpha, gamma e espacial. Este artigo é baseado em uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-graduação em Antropologia da Universidade Federal do Pará, intitulada “Arquitetura Disciplinar na Amazônia: o Educandário Dr. Nogueira de Feria – Ilha de Cotijuba – Belém – Pará”.
La importancia de los objetos inocuos
Authors: Mullins Paul R. , Rigone Romina Carla
Published: July 2020

Quizás el desafío más audaz de Arqueología Histórica y la Importancia de los Objetos Materiales fue su definición ambiciosa de cultura material, que podría enfrentar una amplia variedad de preguntas sociales, pero los arqueólogos históricos continúan definiendo con prudencia a los datos arqueológicos, centrándose en los detalles prosaicos de la vida cotidiana y evitando bienes anómalos. Este artículo examina las implicancias de una arqueología histórica que responde a muchos de los desafíos de la compilación de Ferguson, apuntando a la materialidad en términos generales, abordando el profundo significado social de la cultura material arqueológica aparentemente mundana y elaborando una imagen reflexiva de la vida cotidiana y la materialidad.
La articulación como estrategia de trabajo en ganadería familiar
Authors: Gómez Raúl , Porcile Virginia
Published: July 2020

El desarrollo de la producción familiar, y en particular del sector ganadero, se ha planteado como una prioridad en las políticas públicas, conciliando objetivos económicos y sociales. La ganadería de cría continúa siendo una de las actividades más importantes del agro nacional, pero su productividad muestra una importante brecha con relación al potencial, debido a diversos factores, entre ellos una relativamente baja aplicación de tecnología, lo que es más evidente en el caso de los productores familiares. En ese contexto, el proyecto «Mejora en la sostenibilidad de la ganadería familiar de Uruguay», UFFIP por sus siglas en inglés, se planteó como objetivo general contribuir a mejorar la rentabilidad y viabilidad de predios ganaderos familiares sin afectar los recursos naturales, utilizando como metodología de trabajo un enfoque de coinnovación. En el mismo, se implementaron 20 predios foco en dos de las principales regiones ganaderas del país: Basalto y Sierras del Este. En ellos se elaboró un plan predial, acordado con el productor y su familia, que permitió compartir y validar nuevas prácticas de manejo y de gestión, con un enfoque integral; tomando en cuenta los recursos naturales, los objetivos de la familia, el sistema de producción y el contexto local. En el proyecto UFFIP se dio una efectiva articulación entre las instituciones participantes (investigación, extensión, gobierno, organizaciones de productores), implementando una metodología exitosa, con objetivos y propuestas acordadas, para promover cambios en la manera de encarar y gestionar el negocio ganadero familiar.
Acceso a tierra de ganaderos familiares: análisis de la acción colectiva en el litoral norte uruguayo
Authors: Courdin Virginia
Published: July 2020

Las transformaciones ocurridas en los últimos años en Uruguay han desafiado al Estado para encontrar herramientas adecuadas para la aplicación de políticas y apoyos diferenciados a productores familiares. Una estrategia ha sido el fomento de procesos asociativos, impulsados con programas ministeriales desde la Dirección General de Desarrollo Rural (dgdr) y el Instituto Nacional de Colonización (INC), para el acceso colectivo a la tierra. Con el fin de comprender los procesos de acción colectiva de los ganaderos familiares del litoral norte del país, se identificaron y analizaron las experiencias de acceso colectivo a tierras del INC en Artigas, Salto, Paysandú y Río Negro. La investigación incluyó la revisión de fuentes secundarias y un relevamiento de campo a través de entrevistas a informantes calificados y referentes de cada una de las experiencias. Se identificaron 38 experiencias con acceso a la tierra mediante dos niveles de asociatividad: 27 casos en donde los beneficiarios gestionan una fracción en común, que han sido generados de forma exógena y se encuentran en procesos de consolidación organizativa; y 11 casos que disponen de bienes para uso común, que tienen varios años de trayectoria, siendo organizaciones de primer grado con estructuras conformadas. Entre ambos tipos se observan diferencias contrastantes en los modos de coordinación y construcción de la acción colectiva, debido a las necesidades e intereses comunes para obtener beneficios individuales y colectivos.
Conflictos por uso de agroquímicos: el papel de las mujeres rurales en Uruguay
Authors: Chiappe Marta
Published: July 2020

Desde fines de la década de 2000, Uruguay registró un fuerte proceso de transformación en el sector agropecuario debido sobre todo al incremento del área del cultivo de soja. Este proceso fue acompañado de un incremento sustantivo en la utilización de agroquímicos, tanto de fertilizantes como de herbicidas e insecticidas, fenómeno inédito en el país en cuanto a su escala. Paralelamente, las denuncias por intoxicación fueron creciendo fuertemente, tanto por parte de pobladores urbanos como rurales. El objetivo de este trabajo es indagar en el rol que han tenido las mujeres en las denuncias de los efectos de la aplicación de agroquímicos y presentar sus visiones sobre cómo las afectan a ellas, sus familias y comunidades. El estudio incluyó una revisión de artículos de prensa y documentos donde se hace referencia a los casos en que las mujeres fueron protagonistas de las denuncias, y entrevistas a informantes calificados y mujeres denunciantes. De la información recabada es posible concluir, por un lado, que las denuncias han contribuido a evidenciar las consecuencias de las aplicaciones con agroquímicos y, por otro lado, romper con la tradicional invisibilidad de las mujeres en el contexto rural y generar nuevos entramados en las relaciones sociales de las zonas afectadas. Sin embargo, también se detectó que aún persisten barreras sociales y culturales que inhiben a las mujeres a efectuar denuncias y atentan contra la visibilidad de los problemas que afectan a las comunidades rurales.
Bibliometrics-based heuristics: What is their definition and how can they be studied? - Research note
Authors: Bornmann Lutz , Hug Sven
Published: July 2020

When scientists study the phenomena they are interested in, they apply sound methods and base their work on theoretical considerations. In contrast, when the fruits of their research are being evaluated, basic scientific standards do not seem to matter. Instead, simplistic bibliometric indicators (i.e., publication and citation counts) are, paradoxically, both widely used and criticized without any methodological and theoretical framework that would serve to ground both use and critique. Recently, however Bornmann and Marewski (2019) proposed such a framework. They developed bibliometrics-based heuristics (BBHs) based on the fast-and-frugal heuristics approach (Gigerenzer; Todd; ABC Research Group, 1999) to decision making, in order to conceptually understand and empirically investigate the quantitative evaluation of research as well as to effectively train end-users of bibliometrics (e.g., science managers, scientists). Heuristics are decision strategies that use part of the available information and ignore the rest. By exploiting the statistical structure of task environments, they can aid to make accurate, fast, effortless, and cost-efficient decisions without that trade-offs are incurred. Because of their simplicity, heuristics are easy to understand and communicate, enhancing the transparency of decision processes. In this commentary, we explain several BBHs and discuss how such heuristics can be employed in practice (using the evaluation of applicants for funding programs as one example). Furthermore, we outline why heuristics can perform well, and how they and their fit to task environments can be studied. In pointing to the potential of research on BBHs and to the risks that come with an under-researched, mindless usage of bibliometrics, this commentary contributes to make research evaluation more scientific.
No evidence for Paleozoic origin of mantises (Dictyoptera: Mantina)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: July 2020

The hypothesis of Paleozoic origin of mantises recently proposed by Béthoux & Wieland is discussed. It is shown that these authors reject the logical scenario of evolution of the main higher taxa in the order Dictyoptera, well grounded by the morphological, paleontological and molecular data, in favor of the opposite one based on two very feeble assumptions: about inexplicable importance of one of the very common fusions of veins RS and MA in the tegmina of one of the Carboniferous polyneopterans, and about some traces of basal fusion of RS and M ostensibly present in the tegmina of recent mantises. Arguments against these views are considered.
Hooked Mako Isurus planus (Agassiz, 1856) from the Miocene of Sakhalin
Authors: Nazarkin M.V.
Published: July 2020

An isolated upper lateral shark tooth from the Middle-Late Miocene Kurasiiskaya Formation, Sakhalin Island, Russia, is identified as an Isurus planus (Agassiz, 1856). This is the first record of hooked mako for Russia, and the northernmost finding of this fossil shark.
Surgical Outcomes of Multilevel Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion versus Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Correction of Adult Spinal Deformity: A Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Iwamae Masayoshi , Matsumura Akira , Namikawa Takashi , Kato Minori , Hori Yusuke , Yabu Akito , Sawada Yuta , Hidaka Noriaki , Nakamura Hiroaki
Published: July 2020

Study Design: A retrospective case control study.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) and multilevel posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity (ASD) and to evaluate the sagittal plane correction by combining LIF with posterior-column osteotomy (PCO).Overview of Literature: The surgical outcomes between multilevel LIF and multilevel PLIF in ASD patients remain unclear.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 31 ASD patients who underwent multilevel LIF combined with PCO (LIF group, n=14) or multilevel PLIF (PLIF group, n=17) and with a minimum 2-year follow-up. In the comparison between LIF and PLIF groups, their mean age at surgery was 69.4 vs. 61.8 years while the mean follow-up period was 29.2 vs. 59.3 months. We evaluated the transition of pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis (PI–LL) and disc angle (DA) in the LIF group, in fulcrum backward bending (FBB), after LIF and after posterior spinal fusion (PSF) with PCO. The spinopelvic radiographic parameters were compared between LIF and PLIF groups.Results: Compared with the PLIF group, the LIF group had less blood loss and comparable surgical outcomes with respect to radiographic data, health-related quality of life scores and surgical time. In the LIF group, the mean DA and PI–LL were unchanged after LIF (DA, 5.8°; PI–LL, 15°) compared with the values using FBB (DA, 4.3°; PI–LL, 15°) and improved significantly after PSF with PCO (DA, 8.1°; PI–LL, 0°).Conclusions: In the surgical treatment of ASD, multilevel LIF is less invasive than multilevel PLIF and combination of LIF and PCO would be necessary for optimal sagittal correction in patients with rigid deformity.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Implant Failure in Spinal Metastasis Surgery
Authors: Wong Yu Chung , Chau Wai Wang Jacky , Kwok Kin On , Law Sheung Wai
Published: July 2020

Study Design: Retrospective study.Purpose: To investigate the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic implant failure in spinal metastasis surgery and identify potential risk factors.Overview of Literature: Surgical stabilization with instrumentation is an established method for the treatment of spinal metastasis. However, very few studies have investigated the incidence and risk factors for implant failure after spinal instrumentation surgery for the treatment of spinal metastasis.Methods: This study recruited 88 patients who received surgical stabilization with instrumentation for the treatment of spinal metastasis. Their medical records and postoperative X-rays were reviewed for evidence of implant failure. Statistical analysis with logistic regression was performed to assess nine potential risk factors for the development of implant failure, including patient’s age at operation, gender, survival, primary tumor, spinal level involved, construct length, decompression levels, fusion material utilization, and radiotherapy application either before or after surgery, to identify potential contributing risk factors.Results: Implant failure was identified in nine out of 88 cases (10.2%) with two cases requiring implant removal: one case included a progressive kyphosis that resulted in nonhealing sore and the other involved a deep-seated wound infection that spread to the implants. Another case required wound debridement due to superficial wound infection. The remaining six cases were asymptomatic, despite postoperative X-rays demonstrating evidence of implant failure. No patient required implant revision. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients who received radiotherapy either before or after surgery were less likely to develop implant failure.Conclusions: The development of radiological implant failure following surgical treatment of spinal metastasis is common. However, symptomatic implant failure leading to revision surgery is uncommon. Our findings suggest that radiotherapy, either before or after spinal surgery, is not associated with the development of implant failure.