bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERWATAKAN MANUSIA BERDASARKAN HARI LAHIR DALAM NASKAH RASPATIKALPA
Authors: Restinaningsih, Undang A. Darsa, dan Titin Nurhayati Ma’mun Lilis
Published: March 2018

AbstrakRaspatikalpa merupakan naskah Merapi-Merbabu yang menjadi koleksi dari PNRI yang tergolong naskah jamak dengan 16 judul naskah yang sama dan satu judul berbeda yaitu Basundarikalpa.Naskah ini berasal dari abad 16-18 dan memiliki sistem aksara dan bahasa yang unik.Raspatikalpa memuat perwatakan manusia berdasarkan saptawara.Penelitian secara filologis harus dilakukan agar naskah Raspatikalpa dapat dibaca oleh masyarakat luas.Prinsip edisi teks naskah Raspatikalpa dilakukan dengan menggunakan prinsip kerja metode landasan (legger).Hasil penelitian menunjukan naskah Raspatikalpa dengan nomer koleksi 131 merupakan naskah dasar edisi teks.secara pragmatik raspatikalpa pada masanya berfungsi sebagai falsafah hidup; bagian dari religiusitas; bagian dari proses inisiasi; dan sebagai jimat. Raspatikalpa is the Merapi-Merbabu’s manuscript that became a PNRI collection of manuscripts which can only be classified as plural with 16 titles the same script and a different title that comes from Basundarikalpa centuries. The text was made at sixteenth to eighteenth centuries and has a script system and unique language. Raspatikalpa containing the human disposition by Saptawara. The philological research must be done so that the text can be read widely by the public of Raspatikalpa. The principal edition of the manuscript text Raspatikalpa done by use the Working Principle Grounding Method (Legger). The results show that the Raspatikalpa manuscript collection at number 131 is the basic text edition. Pragmatically, Raspatikalpa serves as a philosophy of life in his time; part of religiosity; part of the initiation process; and as a talisman.
MITOLOGI SAEDAH SAENIH: CERITA RAKYAT DARI INDRAMAYU
Authors: Purnama Yuzar
Published: March 2018

Indramayu community still believe with the customs of his ancestors. In some areas, we can found the traditional arts, beliefs, ceremonies, games and story. On this occasion, the writers wanted to examine folklore mythology Saedah Saenih. The existences of Saenih Saedah story is very attached to some people in Indramayu, as if the story is real.  The story is famous, and it appeared in the drama, lyrics, and even once made into a movie. The problems outlined in the form of questions, the myth of what is contained in the story Saedah Saenih? How far the myth Saedah Saenih for the community? what moral values that is contain in the story Saedah Saenih? This study aims are to get a complete and clear picture of the mythology in Saedah Saenih folklore. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive method. The study begins literature, data collection, classification, analysis and reporting. In conclusion, the mythical story Saenih Saedah very attached to the people of Indramayu. The contents are considered real story is characterized by the belief that the existence Saenih still in the river Sewo in white crocodile manifestation. Compliance form of throw money, as it passes through the bridge Sewo to avoid disaster. They also believe Sarkawi transformed into a floating bale, Maemunah be pring ori, and Saedah into a tree on the river bank Sewo.
PRANATA PENDIDIKAN PADA UPACARA NGEUYEUK SEUREUH, UPACARA MASA KEHAMILAN, DAN NGASUH BUDAK
Authors: Rusnandar Nandang
Published: March 2018

Dalam pranata pendidikan dibahas mengenai pendidikann informal dalam keluarga di masyarakat Sunda. Tuloisan ini menguraikan tentang bagaimana pendidikan informal diterapkan dalama sebuah keluarga dan mensosialisasikan nilai-nilai kehidupan kepada anak-anak mulai dari  masa kana-kanak melalui kegiatan ngasuh budak,  memasuki masa perkawinan melalui ngeuyeuk seureuh, dalam rangka mempersiapkan anak menjadi pasangan suami istri, dan pada masa kehamilan dengan serangkaian upacara adat kehamilannya, sehingga susmi istri siap dalam menghadapi masa kehamilan dan menjadi orang tua. Dalam perjalanan waktu, pendidikan informal pada keluarga mengalami perubahan seiring dengan perubahan struktur keluarga dan cara pandang terhadap pranata pendidikan.Hal itu dipangaruhi oleh tumbuhnya pranata sosial pendidikan sejenis pada masa kini, baik pada lingkup nasional maupun global.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara utuh dan mendalam tentang pranata pendidikan di masyarakat Sunda. Metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa pranata sosial merupakan himpunan norma yang mengatur kehidupan manusia secara bersama, tentunya dalam budaya Sunda memiliki beberapa pranata.        In educational institutions it is discussed about informal education in the family of in Sundanese society. This paper describes on how informal education is are implemented in a family and how to socialize the values of life to children ranging from infancy through ngasuh budak/childbearing, entering a period of marriage through ngeuyeuk seureuh, in order to prepare children to become husband and wife, and during pregnancy with a series of pregnancy ceremonies, so that husband and wife are ready to face the pregnancy and parenthood. In the course of time, the informal education on family changes along with the changes in family structure and the perspective of the educational institutions. It is influenced by the growth of similar social education institutions at the present time, both national and global. The purpose of this study is to get a full and depth picture of educational institutions in the Sundanese society community.The research method is qualitative method with descriptive approach. The data are collected through direct observation and interviews The result shows that the social order is a set of norms that govern human life together, and Sundanese culture has several institutions that govern human life in their society.
GAYA HIDUP ELITE MINANGKABAU DI AFDEELING AGAM (1837-1942)
Authors: Lestari Dwi Vina , Lubis Nina Herlina , Mulyadi R.M.
Published: March 2018

Elite Minangkabau di Afdeeling Agam mengalami perubahan, baik meliputi status, kekuasaan, maupun sumber penghasilan. Hal tersebut terjadi bersamaan dengan  ditetapkannya kebijakan politik Pemerintahan Hindia Belanda di Sumatera Barat (1837-1942). Untuk menjabarkan persoalan tersebut diperlukan kajian historis menggunakan metode sejarah, terdiri atas heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Selain itu, untuk menghasikan karya yang bersifat analitis, dilakukan pendekatan  ilmu antropologi dan sosiologi politik. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, gaya hidup elite Minangkabau di Afdeeling Agam pada 1837-1942 tidak mengalami perubahan seutuhnya, melainkan terjadi akulturasi budaya asli Minangkabau dengan budaya Barat. Umumnya, gaya hidup elite tradisional Minangkabau yang menduduki jabatan kolonial mencerminkan statusnya sebagai pegawai pemerintah dan pemimpin sukunya masing-masing, sedangkan gaya hidup elite intelektual lebih banyak menyerap budaya Barat. Meskipun demikian, baik elite tradisional maupun elite intelektual  tetap menunjukkan cirinya sebagai orang Minangkabau, dapat diperhatikan dari agama dan tradisi adat yang tetap dilakukan hingga saat ini.  Minangkabau Elite in Afdeeling Agam has been changed, including status, power, and income sources. It coincided with the enactment of the Dutch East Indies government policy in West Sumatra (1837-1942). To describe these issues, it needs historical study by using the historical method; it consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. In addition, to generate the analytical work, the writer does anthropology and political sociology approach. Based on the research, Minangkabau elite lifestyle in Afdeeling Agam in 1837-1942 did not change completely, but there were an acculturation between native Minangkabau and Western culture. Generally, the traditional Minangkabau elite lifestyle which has colonial positions reflected its status as government officials and leaders of their own people. Meanwhile, the intellectual elite lifestyle absorbed Western culture. Nonetheless, both the traditional elite and intellectual elite continued to show the character as the Minangkabau, it can be considered from the religious and customary traditions which are still being done until today.
GEDUNG MERDEKA SEBAGAI OBJEK WISATA DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Nurgiansyah Nandang Firman , Falah Miftahul
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan upaya yang diperlukan bagi pengembangan fungsi Gedung Merdeka sebagai objek wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah, yang terdiri dari tahapan heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Gedung Merdeka belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai daya tarik wisata dan kurangnya fasilitas wisata di gedung tersebut. Gedung Merdeka memiliki daya tarik sebagai benda cagar budaya yang bernilai historis dan terdapat Museum KAA di salah satu bagian gedungnya. Museum tersebut mengoleksi dan memamerkan benda dan foto yang berkaitan dengan Konferensi Asia Afrika. Selain itu, sarana wisata yang perlu ditambah seperti cafetaria, coffee shop, tempat duduk dan bersantai untuk wisatawan dan ruangan audio visual yang lebih menarik. Oleh sebab itu, perlu optimalisasi fungsi komplek Gedung Merdeka sebagai daya tarik wisata. The thesis It aims to explain the efforts need for the development function of Gedung Merdeka as tourist attraction. The thesis uses the history research methods, which of heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. Based on theresearch results, problems encountered the building that is not used optimally as a tourist attraction, the lack of tourist facilities in the building. Gedung Merdeka has an attraction as a cultural heritage object of historical value and there is KAA Museum in one part of the building. The museum collects and exhibits objects and photos related to the Asian African Conference. In addition, tourist facilities that need to be added such as cafeteria, coffee shop, seating and relax for tourists and audio visual space more attractive. Therefore, it needs to optimize complex functions the Gedung Merdeka as a tourist attraction.
TRANSPORTASI KERETA API DI JAWA BARAT ABAD KE-19 (BOGOR-SUKABUMI-BANDUNG)
Authors: Lamiyati Lasmiyati
Published: March 2018

Kopi merupakan jenis tanaman yang laku di pasaranEropa. Kopi yang pernah diujicoba ditanam di Batavia dan Karawang hasilnya kurang memuaskan dibandingkan dengan kopi yang  ditanam di dataran Sukabumi. Selain kopi,  tanaman yang laku di pasaran Eropa adalah teh, kapas, dan nila. Dengan produk hasil bumi yang melimpah danlaku di pasaran Eropa tersebut belum didukung adanya sarana transportasi yang mamadai, pasalnya jenis transportasi yang ada masih menggunakan hewan beban, dan sarana jalan yang ada masih jalan setapak. Dari permasalahan tersebut, para pemilik perkebunan  memikirkan adanya jenis transportasi kereta api yang dapat mengangkut hasil bumi dari gudang penyimpanan  ke pelabuhan.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui transportasi di Jawa Barat (Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung) pada abad ke-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Dari hasil penelitian   yang dilakukan, diperoleh informasi bahwa  jalur transpotasi kereta api dari Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung dibangun untuk mengangkut hasil perkebunan yang ternyata pembangunan jalur transportasi tersebut telah membawa dampak pada pertumbuhan  wilayah dan pergerakan penduduk dari desa ke kota.   Kata kunci: Transportasi Kereta Api, Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung, Pertumbuhan Kota.
MASKULINITAS BARU DALAM IKLAN KOSMETIK KOREA: ETUDE HOUSE DAN TONYMOLY
Authors: Fathinah Ezzah , Priyatna Aquarini , Adji Muhamad
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini membahas maskulinitas dalam iklan produk kecantikan korea Etude House dan TonyMoly. Iklan-iklan ini menampilkan laki-laki cantik yang merawat diri dan mementingkan penampilan. Laki-laki tersebut ditampilkan ramah dan membawa atribusi ‘cantik’, yang digemari serta diidolakan beberapa kelompok perempuan tertentu di Indonesia. Hal ini sangat berbeda dengan konsep maskulinitas yang menjadi standar ideal konstruksi sosial budaya di Indonesia, yang cenderung kaku, kuat dan otoriter. Artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa kecenderungan itu juga dipengaruhi media, salah satunya iklan, sehingga representasi serta opini publik mengenai maskulinitas hegemonik terrekonstruksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotika Barthes, dengan mengkaji tanda-tanda pada iklan di dalam data tekstual mau pun visual. Dari data yang dianalisis, ditemukan adanya maskulinitas baru yang bersifat lebih cair, di mana laki-laki tidak harus mengikuti standar ideal maskulinitas hegemonik.Kata kunci: maskulinitas, laki-laki, iklan, kosmetik.
GERAKAN SOSIAL POLITIK DI BLAMBANGAN TAHUN 1767-1768
Authors: Maria Nur
Published: March 2018

Kajian yang menyuarakan tentang gerakan sosial di Indonesia memang banyak dihasilkan. Akan tetapi kajian yang secara spesifik membahas gerakan sosial yang terjadi di Blambangan belum ada. Blambangan, sekarang dikenal dengan Kabupaten Banyuwangi, merupakan daerah perbatasan antara Jawa dan Bali, rawan akan terjadinya konflik, salah satu wujudnyaadalah terjadinya gerakan sosial tahun 1767-1768 yang dipimpin oleh Wong Agung Wilis. Melalui penggunaan metode sejarah, tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji munculnya gerakan sosial di Blambangan, isu-isu yang menjadi fokus perhatian atau capaian-capaian yang diraih gerakan sosial di Blambangan pada masa pendudukan VOC. Berbagai perspektif mengenai gerakan ini dibangun dengan memanfaatkan sumber-sumber VOC, babad dan beberapa kajian historis mengenai Blambangan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, gerakan sosial di Blambangan terjadi karena adanya beberapa alasan, baik dari segi politik, sosial, etnis, agama bahkan ekonomi. Gerakan sosial di Blambangan sebenarnya tidak pernah berakhir, bahkan ketika Wilis, pemimpin gerakan tersebut dibunuh oleh VOC, para pengikutnya masih melanjutkan gerakan tersebut. Sampai pada akhirnya VOC melakukan berbagai strategi baik kompromi dengan pemimpin gerakan, mendatangkan pasukan perang dari Jawa dan Madura bahkan melakukan gencatan senjata untuk menghentikannya.Kata kunci: gerakan sosial, Wong Agung Wilis, VOC, Blambangan.
TRADISI LISAN HAHIWANG PADA PEREMPUAN DI PESISIR BARAT LAMPUNG
Authors: Gufron Ali
Published: March 2018

Artikel ini bertujuan menguraikan bagaimana tradisi hahiwang berkembang pada masyarakat 16 marga di Kabupaten Pesisir Barat, Lampung, yang dibagi menjadi empat bagian. Bagian pertama membahas hahiwang sebagai salah satu bentuk tradisi lisan. Bagian kedua membahas sistem kekerabatan yang bersifat patrilineal dan konsep patriarki pada masyarakat Lampung Saibatin. Bagian ketiga membahas tentang bentuk dan struktur hahiwang. Dan, bagian terakhir membahas hahiwang dan dominasi laki-laki. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Adapun teknik untuk menjaring data dan informasi adalah wawancara dan observasi. Hasilnya, menunjukkan bahwa hahiwang lahir akibat dominasi patriarki yang mensubordinasikan perempuan Lampung Saibatin dalam bentuk aturan adat. Hahiwang merupakan ungkapan pengalaman dan perasaan jiwa perempuan Lampung Saibatin atas ketidakberdayaannya dalam menghadapi dominasi laki-laki. Hahiwang tidak bertujuan untuk menggulingkan kekuasaan patriarki, melainkan hanya sebagai ungkapan atas ketertindasan perempuan dalam bentuk ratapan yang dilantunkan. Namun dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, hahiwang dieksploitasi kaum patriakh menjadi sarana siar agama, pelengkap begawi adat, dan bahkan penarik simpatisan dalam Pemilukada.
STUDI KEPERCAYAAN MASYARAKAT JATIGEDE
Authors: Purnama Yuzar
Published: March 2018

AbstrakMasyarakat Jatigede berada di wilayah administrasi Kabupaten Sumedang Provinsi Jawa Barat. Istilah “masyarakat Jatigede”  merupakan gabungan masyarakat 5 kecamatan yang terkena dampak pembangunan Waduk Jatigede. Nama Jatigede diambil dari salah satu kecamatan dari kelima kecamatan yang terkena dampak. Wilayah ini berada di bawah perbukitan dengan bentuk permukaan yang cekung sehingga memenuhi syarat untuk dijadikan sebuah bendungan raksasa, waduk. Oleh karena posisinya berada di bawah  dengan permukaan yang cukup luas, daerah ini terkenal dengan kesuburannya, baik ditumbuhi dengan berbagai macam tumbuhan tropis maupun dengan tanaman padi yang hijau membentang luas.  Masyarakat Jatigede merupakan  masyarakat agraris yang kesehariannya dominan berkecimpung dalam pertanian, masyarakat ini dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya kental dengan budaya Sunda. Masyarakatnya sejak dulu sampai kini relatif memegang teguh warisan budaya karuhun (leluhur), mulai dari perilaku bertani, daur hidup, kesenian, perilaku berbahasa, dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada kepercayaan masyarakat Jatigede yang tertuang dalam upacara pertanian, upacara daur hidup, dan ungkapan tradisional. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kepercayaan masyarakat Jatigede Kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. AbstractThe Jatigede society is located under the administration region of Sumedang sub district West Java Province.  The term “Jatigede Society” is a combination of five sub districts which is affected by Waduk Jatigede.  The name of Jatigede is taken from one of the subdistrict name.  The territory is under the valley which have concave surface form and make it eligible to be used as a giant dam, reservoir.  Because of its position, the area is famous for its fertility, either overgrown with a variety of tropical plants or with stretches of green rice plants widely.  Jatigede community is predominantly agrarian society, daily engaged in agriculture, and their life is thick with Sundanese culture. Relatively, since the beginning until now this society upholds cultural heritage (ancestors), ranging from farming behavior, life cycle, arts, language behavior, and so on. This study is limited to Jatigede belief which formed in agricultural ceremonies, life cycle ceremonies, and traditional expressions. The purpose of the study is to get an overview of Jatigede Sumedang belief. This study uses descriptive qualitative approach.
PASAR TRADISIONAL: STUDI KASUS PASAR WISATA 46 DAN PASAR WISATA CIBIRU, KELURAHAN CIPADUNG, KECAMATAN CIBIRU
Authors: Gufron Ali
Published: March 2018

AbstrakDi Kelurahan Cipadung ada dua pasar tradisional, yaitu Pasar Wisata 46 dan Pasar Wisata Cibiru. Pasar Wisata Cibiru didirikan untuk menampung para pedagang Pasar Wisata 46. Namun, yang menarik adalah para pedagang Pasar Wisata 46 sebagian besar enggan beralih ke Pasar Wisata Cibiru, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan pokok masalah mengapa mereka sebagian besar tetap berjualan di Pasar Wisata 46. Padahal, secara fisik bangunan Pasar Wisata Cibiru lebih permanen, lebih bersih, dan fasilitasnya lebih lengkap daripada Pasar Wisata 46. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Adapun teknik yang digunakan untuk menjaring data dan informasi adalah wawancara dan observasi. Hasilnya ada beberapa faktor yang membuat sebagian besar para pedagang Pasar Wisata 46 enggan pindah ke Pasar Wisata Cibiru, yaitu: lokasi pasar dinilai kurang strategis, kios relatif kecil, biaya sewa relatif mahal, retribusi juga relatif mahal, status pedagang termasuk dalam kategori sektor informal, dan sebagian pedagang menganggap bahwa berjualan di Pasar Wisata 46 hanya merupakan pekerjaan sambilan dan atau sebagai uji coba untuk merintis usaha baru.  AbstractIn Cipadung regency established two traditional markets. There are Pasar Wisata 46 and Pasar Wisata Cibiru.  The reason of building up Pasar Wisata Cibiru is to intercept seller from Pasar Wisata 46.  The interesting one is most of the seller in Pasar Wisata 46 unwilling to move to Pasar Wisata Cibiru, so it needs to do a research to find out the reason behind it.Whereas, the building material and other facilities better than the Pasar Wisata 46.  The method used in this research is qualitative method.  The technique in collecting the data and other information are interview and observation.  The result, why they won’t move to Pasar Wisata Cibiru is because of the location seem not in the strategic area, the size of the kiosk is too small, the rent and retributions payment is more expensive, the status of the seller is in the informal category and they feel what that they sell in Pasar Wisata 46 only part-time activity or as a trial.
SISTEM PENGETAHUAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT CIDAUN – CIANJUR SELATAN SEBAGAI WUJUD ADAPTASI BUDAYA
Authors: Rosyadi Rosyadi
Published: March 2018

AbstrakSistem pengetahuan lokal, kearifan lokal atau kearifan tradisional (indigenous knowledge system) adalah pengetahuan yang khas milik suatu masyarakat atau budaya tertentu yang telah berkembang lama sebagai hasil dari proses hubungan timbal-balik antara masyarakat dengan lingkungannya. Masyarakat Cidaun di kawasan selatan Kabupaten Cianjur memiliki banyak keunikan, baik alam maupun penduduknya. Kondisi geografis Cidaun yang penuh tantangan, memberikan dorongan kepada masyarakatnya untuk lebih memahami lingkungan alamnya. Berbagai peristiwa dan fenomena alam yang mereka hadapi sehari-hari tersebut serta hubungan intensif dengan lingkungan alamnya telah membentuk sistem pengetahuan lokal yang sekaligus menjadi strategi adaptasi budaya masyarakat dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari. Tulisan ini mengkaji sistem pengetahuan lokal masyarakat Cidaun dalam kaitannya dengan lingkungan tempat mereka berpijak dan melakukan aktivitas dalam menggeluti mata pencaharian hidupnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif serta menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik memaparkan berbagai fenomena budaya, apa yang mereka alami, mereka ketahui, dan interpretasi mereka terhadap fenomena-fenomena yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. AbstractLocal knowledge systems, indigenous or traditional knowledge  are typical knowledge belonging to a particular community or culture that has evolved over many years as a result of the reciprocal relationship between people and their environment. Cidaun communities in southern Cianjur has many unique, both nature and its inhabitants. Cidaun geographical conditions challenging, giving encouragement to the people to better understand the natural environment. Various events and natural phenomena that they face daily and intensive built a relationship with the natural environment and has established a system of local knowledge as well as a strategy of cultural adaptation in living everyday life. This article examines the system of local knowledge Cidaun community in relation to the environment in which they stand and wrestle activity in his livelihood. This research is qualitative and descriptive methods with techniques explained various cultural phenomena, what they experienced, they know, and their interpretation of the phenomena encountered in daily life.
The Play’s the Thing: Experimentally Examining the Social and Cognitive Effects of School Field Trips to Live Theater Performances
Authors: Greene Jay P. , Erickson Heidi H. , Watson Angela R. , Beck Molly I.
Published: March 2018

Field trips to see theater performances are a long-standing educational practice; however, there is little systematic evidence demonstrating educational benefits. This article describes the results of five random assignment experiments spanning 2 years where school groups were assigned by lottery to attend a live theater performance or, for some groups, watch a movie version of the same story. We find significant educational benefits from seeing live theater, including higher levels of tolerance, social perspective taking, and stronger command of the plot and vocabulary of those plays. Students randomly assigned to watch a movie did not experience these benefits. Our findings also suggest that theater field trips may cultivate the desire among students to frequent the theater in the future.
Investigating different patterns of student engagement with blended learning environments in Australian business education: Implications for design and practice
Authors: Pye Graeme , Holt Dale , Salzman Scott
Published: March 2018

This research reports on a diverse student audience engaging in an Australian university’s undergraduate commerce program core unit which was offered across three separate geographic campus locations and online. The research extends upon work undertaken on student engagement in online settings and lies in the domain of blended learning design and practice in the Australian higher education business context. The research adopted a dual-period surveying approach aimed at comparing patterns of student engagement within a major business subject offered in two different trimesters in one academic year. The survey analysis compared student perceptions of engagement with the subject and identified significant variations in patterns of engagement based on key background and demographic factors. Findings, inter alia, are presented across seven major student engagement dimensions as applied to the interplay between online and located/campus learning (i.e. Online Active Learning, Online Social Interaction, Online Collaboration, Online Teaching, Online Assessment, Online Relevance, and Online Contact with Staff). Implications for blended learning design, eLearning and practice in such complex environments involving diverse student audiences are examined.
From Urban Agriculture to Urban Food
Authors: Moschitz Heidrun , Landert Jan , Schader Christian , Frick Rebekka
Published: March 2018

Urban agriculture is embedded in an urban food system, and its full
potential can only be understood by looking into the dynamics of the system.
Involving a variety of actors from civil society, policy, and the market, we
conducted a comprehensive analysis of the food system of the city of Basel,
Switzerland, including policy and actor analysis, analysis of perceptions on
urban agriculture,
food flow analysis, and a sustainability assessment. The
article presents
the results of these analyses and discusses how research can
contribute to the societal debate on food systems transformation. We particularly
reflect on how the research project became a boundary object in a
dynamic process to develop new ideas and activities, as well as to create a
space for future debates in the city’s food system.
Clinical outcomes following awake and asleep deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease
Authors: Chen Tsinsue , Mirzadeh Zaman , Chapple Kristina M. , Lambert Margaret , Shill Holly A. , Moguel-Cobos Guillermo , Tröster Alexander I. , Dhall Rohit , Ponce Francisco A.
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE

Recent studies have shown similar clinical outcomes between Parkinson disease (PD) patients treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) under general anesthesia without microelectrode recording (MER), so-called “asleep” DBS, and historical cohorts undergoing “awake” DBS with MER guidance. However, few studies include internal controls. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes after globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS using awake and asleep techniques at a single institution.

METHODS

PD patients undergoing awake or asleep bilateral GPi or STN DBS were prospectively monitored. The primary outcome measure was stimulation-induced change in motor function off medication 6 months postoperatively, measured using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS-III). Secondary outcomes included change in quality of life, measured by the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), change in levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD), stereotactic accuracy, stimulation parameters, and adverse events.

RESULTS

Six-month outcome data were available for 133 patients treated over 45 months (78 GPi [16 awake, 62 asleep] and 55 STN [14 awake, 41 asleep]). UPDRS-III score improvement with stimulation did not differ between awake and asleep groups for GPi (awake, 20.8 points [38.5%]; asleep, 18.8 points [37.5%]; p = 0.45) or STN (awake, 21.6 points [40.3%]; asleep, 26.1 points [48.8%]; p = 0.20) targets. The percentage improvement in PDQ-39 and LEDD was similar for awake and asleep groups for both GPi (p = 0.80 and p = 0.54, respectively) and STN cohorts (p = 0.85 and p = 0.49, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

In PD patients, bilateral GPi and STN DBS using the asleep method resulted in motor, quality-of-life, and medication reduction outcomes that were comparable to those of the awake method.
Synthesis of 2-aryl-1H-Benzimidazoles and 2-aryl-1H-perimidines Using Arylidene Meldrum's Acid as a Source of the Aryl Group and Oxidant
Authors: Mehrabi Hossein , Najafian-Ashrafi Faezeh , Esfandiarpour Zeinab , Ranjbar-Karimi Reza
Published: March 2018

Arylidene Meldrum's acid is employed as a source of the aryl group and oxidant for the synthesis of 2-aryl-1 H–benzimidazoles by a condensation reaction with 1,2-phenylenediamine in refluxing ethanol with good to high yields. Arylidene Meldrum's acids were also used as a source of the aryl group and oxidant for the synthesis of 2-aryl-1 H-perimidines by a condensation reaction with 1,8-diaminonaphthalene in refluxing ethanol with high yields.
Registration of ‘Canmore’ Barley
Authors: Juskiw P. E. , Saho Jyotaro , Oatway L. , Helm J. H. , Oro M. , Nyachiro J. M. , Xi Kequan , Turkington T. K.
Published: March 2018

Interest has been growing in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars that meet the specialized needs of a diverse marketplace while still providing producers with robust, high‐yielding types. In response to this challenge, the Alberta Barley Commission worked closely with Sanwa Shurui Co., Ltd. and the Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC) to develop selection criteria in barley for shochu production. Shochu is a popular alcoholic beverage in Japan. As part of the project, ‘Canmore’ (Reg. No. CV‐366, PI 685640; Canadian Food Inspection Agency Reg. No. 7392; Canadian PBR Appl. No. 5237), a two‐rowed, hulled, spring barley for food and general purpose uses, was developed. Canmore was derived using single seed descent from one F2 seed to a F5 headrow. It was tested as J02039005 in FCDC trials from 2004 to 2012 and as TR10694 in Prairie Recommending Committee for Oat and Barley trials in 2010 and 2011. It was registered in Canada as Canmore. Canmore has excellent pearling properties, starch content, and alcohol yield for shochu production. It is resistant to surface‐borne and loose smuts, moderately resistant to scald and spot form of net blotch, and intermediately resistant to common root rot, spot blotch, and Fusarium head blight. Canmore has good potential in the food barley market for shochu as well as good yield, disease resistance, and agronomic traits for general production in the northern Great Plains.
Voxel-Based Acetylcholinesterase PET Study in Early and Late Onset Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hirano Shigeki , Shinotoh Hitoshi , Shimada Hitoshi , Ota Tsuneyoshi , Sato Koichi , Tanaka Noriko , Zhang Ming-Rong , Higuchi Makoto , Fukushi Kiyoshi , Irie Toshiaki , Kuwabara Satoshi , Suhara Tetsuya
Published: March 2018

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic progressive cognitive decline and displays underlying brain cholinergic dysfunction, providing a rationale for treatment with cholinomimetic medication. The clinical presentations and courses of AD patients may differ by age of onset.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to illustrate the regional differences of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity as quantified by N-[11C]methylpiperidinyl-4-acetate ([11C]MP4A) and PET using parametric whole brain analysis and clarify those differences as a function of age.

Methods:

22 early onset AD (EOAD) with age at onset under 65, the remaining 26 as late onset AD (LOAD), and 16 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Voxel-based AChE activity estimation of [11C]MP4A PET images was conducted by arterial input and unconstrained nonlinear least-squares method with subsequent parametrical analyses. Statistical threshold was set as Family Wise Error corrected, p-value <0.05 on cluster-level and cluster extent over 30 voxels.

Results:

Voxel-based group comparison showed that, compared to HC, both EOAD and LOAD showed cortical AChE decrement in parietal, temporal, and occipital cortices, with wider and stringent cortical involvement in the EOAD group, most prominently demonstrated in the temporal region. There was no significant correlation between age and regional cerebral AChE activity except for a small left superior temporal region in the AD group (Brodmann’s area 22, Zmax = 5.13, 396 voxels), whereas no significant cluster was found in the HC counterpart.

Conclusion:

Difference in cortical cholinergic dysfunction between EOAD and LOAD may shed some light on the cholinomimetic drug efficacy in AD.
Multi-Faceted Role of Melatonin in Neuroprotection and Amelioration of Tau Aggregates in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Balmik Abhishek Ankur , Chinnathambi Subashchandrabose
Published: March 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the major age related neurodegenerative diseases whose pathology arises due to the presence of two distinct protein aggregates, viz., amyloid-β plaques in extracellular matrix and tau neurofibrillary tangles in neurons. Multiple factors play a role in AD pathology, which includes familial mutations, oxidative stress, and post-translational modifications. Melatonin is an endocrine hormone, secreted during darkness, derived from tryptophan, and produced mainly by the pineal gland. It is an amphipathic molecule, which makes it suitable to cross not only blood-brain barrier, but also to enter several other subcellular compartments like mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. In this context, the neuroprotective effect of melatonin may be attributed to its role as an antioxidant. Melatonin’s pleiotropic function as an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent has been widely studied. However, its direct effect on the aggregation of tau and amyloid-β needs to be explored. Furthermore, an important aspect of its function is its ability to regulate the process of phosphorylation of tau by affecting the function of kinases and phosphatases. In this review, we are focusing on the pleiotropic function of melatonin on the aspect of its neuroprotective function in tau pathology, which includes antioxidant function, regulation of enzymes, including kinases and enzymes involved in free radical scavenging and mitochondrial protection.
PCSK9 Concentrations in Cerebrospinal Fluid Are Not Specifically Increased in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Courtemanche Hélène , Bigot Edith , Pichelin Matthieu , Guyomarch Béatrice , Boutoleau-Bretonnière Claire , Le May Cédric , Derkinderen Pascal , Cariou Bertrand
Published: March 2018

The role of PCSK9 in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is controversial. We compared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PCSK9 concentrations in 36 AD and 31 non-AD patients. CSF PCSK9 levels did not differ between AD and non-AD groups (2.80 versus 2.62 ng/mL). However, PCSK9 CSF levels were increased in AD and non-AD patients with other neurodegenerative process (non-AD ND, n = 20) compared to patients without neurodegenerative disorders (non-ND, n = 11): 2.80 versus 2.30 ( p < 0.005) and 2.83 versus 2.30 ng/mL ( p = NS), respectively. CSF PCSK9 were positively correlated with AD biomarkers (Aβ1-42, T-tau, and P-tau). PCSK9 concentrations in CSF are increased in neurodegenerative disorders rather than specifically in AD.
Pathologically Confirmed Alzheimer’s Disease in APOE ɛ2 Homozygotes is Rare but Does Occur
Authors: Stipho Faissal , Jackson Robert , Sabbagh Marwan N.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Homozygous APOE ɛ 4 status is a well-known risk factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, other genotypes of APOE have not yet been found to have equal clinical significance. There is a paucity of reports regarding clinically or pathologically described AD in APOE ɛ 2 homozygotes compared to the other alleles.

Objective:

To notify clinicians that patients with homozygous APOE ɛ 2 are also at risk of developing AD based on results from the largest prospectively gathered registry of brain samples to date.

Methods:

We queried the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database for autopsy-confirmed AD cases. Of the Uniform Data Set (UDS) participants who are deceased, 5,779 were diagnosed with dementia at their last UDS visit prior to death, and autopsy data is available for 3,518.

Results:

Of the brains in the NACC database with pathologically confirmed dementia, seven were found to be homozygous for APOE ɛ 2, which represents only 0.2% of the autopsy-confirmed sample. Furthermore, pathology-confirmed AD represents 29% (2/7) of the APOE ɛ 2/ ɛ 2 patients diagnosed with dementia.

Conclusions:

Although rare, autopsy-confirmed AD can be present in APOE ɛ 2/ ɛ 2 carriers.
Wavelet-based joint CT-MRI reconstruction
Authors: Cui Xuelin , Mili Lamine , Wang Ge , Yu Hengyong
Published: March 2018

Since their inceptions, the multimodal imaging techniques have received a great deal of attention for achieving enhanced imaging performance. In this work, a novel joint reconstruction framework using sparse computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is developed and evaluated. CT and MRI images are synchronously acquired and registered from a hybrid CT-MRI platform. Because image data are highly undersampled, analytic methods are unable to generate decent image quality. To overcome this drawback, we resort to the compressed sensing (CS) techniques, which employ sparse priors that result from an application of a wavelet transform. To utilize multimodal information, projection distance is introduced and is tuned to tailor the texture and pattern of the final images. Specifically, CT and MRI images are alternately reconstructed using the updated multimodal results that are calculated at the latest step of the iterative optimization algorithm. The method exploits the structural similarities shared by the CT and MRI images to achieve better reconstruction quality. The good performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated on a pair of undersampled CT and MRI body images. Clinical CT and MRI images are tested with the joint reconstruction, the analytic reconstruction, and the independent reconstruction which does not uses multimodal imaging information. Results show that the proposed method improves about 5dB in signal to noise ratio (SNR) and nearly 10% in structural similarity measure comparing to independent reconstruction. It offers similar quality with fully sampled analytic reconstruction with only 20% sampling rate for CT and 40% for MRI. Structural similarities and correlations residing in images from different modalities are useful to mutually promote the quality of image reconstruction.
Simple index for validity of the evaluation point for dosimetric verification results of intensity-modulated radiation therapy using a Farmer-type ionization chamber
Authors: Hatanaka Shogo , Shimbo Munefumi , Hariu Masatsugu , Nakajima Go , Todoroki Keisuke , Hosaka Katsuhito , Watanabe Tetsuya , Washizu Kana , Utsumi Nobuko , Yamano Takafumi , Nishimura Keiichiro , Takahashi Takeo
Published: March 2018

PURPOSE:

Based on a retrospective analysis, this study aims to develop a simple index for validity of the evaluation point for the dosimetric verification of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

METHODS:

The results for the dosimetric verifications of a total of 69 IMRT plans were analyzed in this study. A Farmer-type ion chamber was used as a dose detector, and a solid water-equivalent phantom was used. Index values were obtained by dividing the difference between the maximum and minimum dosages by the mean dosage of the 69 plans, and the values were classified into five groups with index value <4, 4–8, 8–12, 12–16, and >16. A t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of the mean differences of the absolute values of the relative errors among these groups.

RESULTS:

We found that there was no significant difference between the groups with index value <4 and 4–8 ( p = 0.152); however, there were significant differences between the other groups ( p < 0.01). In addition, when the index values were smaller than 8, the pass ratio of 3% tolerance was 96.2% and the pass ratio of 5% tolerance was 99.9%. We observed that the smaller the index value, the smaller the uncertainty of the dose measurement.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results obtained in this study may prove to be useful for accurate dosimetric verifications of IMRTs when ion chambers are used.
Correlation between antiplatelet therapy in secondary prevention of acute cerebral infarction and cerebral microbleeds: A susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) study
Authors: Jia Caiyun , Wei Ci , Hu Ming , Xu Jing , Niu Kun , Zhang Chao , Lv Peiyuan , Li Ling , Dong Yanhong
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the clinical significance of antiplatelet aggregation therapy for patients diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) complicated with the cerebral microbleeds (CMBs).

METHODS:

Thirty patients with ACI and 36 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were included in this research. Two groups, studied by susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), were compared in terms of the number, location, and severity of CMBs. Then, 30 cases of ACI patients were divided into CMBs sub-group and non-CMBs sub-group. Univariate analysis between these two sub-groups was performed to determine the risk factors regarding the incidence of CMBs. For ACI patients, the number of CMBs before and after applying anti-platelet treatment were compared to examine the impacts of anti-platelet treatment on hemorrhagic transformation.

RESULTS:

CMBs were found to be more prevalent and severe in ICH patients than in ACI patients. CMBs in patients with ICH were more severe than in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), which indicates that CMBs closely relate to ICH. Hypertension and leukoaraiosis were found to have significant effects on the incidence of CMBs. After anti-platelet treatment, patients with CMBs (≥5) increased the number of CMB, whereas there was no obvious effect on patients with the CMBs less than 5 or no CMBs.

CONCLUSIONS:

The number of CMBs increased significantly among ACI patients with 5 or more CMBs before the anti-platelet treatment. CMBs are more frequently found in patients with hemorrhagic stroke than in patients with ischemic stroke, and more severe than the latter, which suggests that the clinical impact of higher association between the increase of the number of the CMBs and the hemorrhagic stroke.
Modified Cuckoo Search Algorithm with Variational Parameters and Logistic Map
Authors: Liu Liping , Liu Xiaobo , Wang Ning , Zou Peijun
Published: March 2018

Cuckoo Search (CS) is a Meta-heuristic method, which exhibits several advantages such as easier to application and fewer tuning parameters. However, it has proven to very easily fall into local optimal solutions and has a slow rate of convergence. Therefore, we propose Modified cuckoo search algorithm with variational parameter and logistic map (VLCS) to ameliorate these defects. To balance the exploitation and exploration of the VLCS algorithm, we not only use the coefficient function to change step size α and probability of detection p a at next generation, but also use logistic map of each dimension to initialize host nest location and update the location of host nest beyond the boundary. With fifteen benchmark functions, the simulations demonstrate that the VLCS algorithm can over come the disadvantages of the CS algorithm.In addition, the VLCS algorithm is good at dealing with high dimension problems and low dimension problems.
Bilayer Local Search Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Ahmed A. , Sun Ji
Published: March 2018

The classical capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) is a very popular combinatorial optimization problem in the field of logistics and supply chain management. Although CVRP has drawn interests of many researchers, no standard way has been established yet to obtain best known solutions for all the different problem sets. We propose an efficient algorithm Bilayer Local Search-based Particle Swarm Optimization (BLS-PSO) along with a novel decoding method to solve CVRP. Decoding method is important to relate the encoded particle position to a feasible CVRP solution. In bilayer local search, one layer of local search is for the whole population in any iteration whereas another one is applied only on the pool of the best particles generated in different generations. Such searching strategies help the BLS-PSO to perform better than the existing proposals by obtaining best known solutions for most of the existing benchmark problems within very reasonable computational time. Computational results also show that the performance achieved by the proposed algorithm outperforms other PSO-based approaches.
Ascending: An Exploration of Women’s Leadership Advancement in the Role of Board of Trustee Chair
Authors: Scott Heather
Published: March 2018

While women have made strides in leadership in the higher education sector there continues to be dismal representation of women in executive level roles of governance at colleges and universities. This article presents findings from a study that explored skills that women have identified as being useful in their ascent to the role of trustee board chair. The ascension patterns of the participants are explored through a qualitative process to provide a path to success for other women to follow. The article concludes with suggestions for increasing the number of women serving in the capacity of board chair.
Welfare Risks of Repeated Application of On-Farm Killing Methods for Poultry
Authors: Martin Jessica , Sandercock Dale , Sandilands Victoria , Sparrey Julian , Baker Laurence , Sparks Nick , McKeegan Dorothy
Published: March 2018

Council Regulation (EC) no. 1099/2009 on the protection of animals at the time of killing restricts the use of manual cervical dislocation in poultry on farms in the European Union (EU) to birds weighing up to 3 kg and 70 birds per person per day. However, few studies have examined whether repeated application of manual cervical dislocation has welfare implications and whether these are dependent on individual operator skill or susceptibility to fatigue. We investigated the effects of repeated application (100 birds at a fixed killing rate of 1 bird per 2 min) and multiple operators on two methods of killing of broilers, laying hens, and turkeys in commercial settings. We compared the efficacy and welfare impact of repeated application of cervical dislocation and a percussive killer (Cash Poultry Killer, CPK), using 12 male stockworkers on three farms (one farm per bird type). Both methods achieved over 96% kill success at the first attempt. The killing methods were equally effective for each bird type and there was no evidence of reduced performance with time and/or bird number. Both methods of killing caused a rapid loss of reflexes, indicating loss of brain function. There was more variation in reflex durations and post-mortem damage in birds killed by cervical dislocation than that found using CPK. High neck dislocation was associated with improved kill success and more rapid loss of reflexes. The CPK caused damage to multiple brain areas with little variation. Overall, the CPK was associated with faster abolition of reflexes, with fewer birds exhibiting them at all, suggestive of better welfare outcomes. However, technical difficulties with the CPK highlighted the advantages of cervical dislocation, which can be performed immediately with no equipment. At the killing rates tested, we did not find evidence to justify the current EU limit on the number of birds that one operator can kill on–farm by manual cervical dislocation.