bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the coefﬁcients of variation for inverse power Lomax distribution
Authors: Ahmed Samah M. , Mustafa Abdelfattah
Published: November 2024

One useful descriptive metric for measuring variability in applied statistics is the coefficient of variation (CV) of a distribution. However, it is uncommon to report conclusions about the CV of non-normal distributions. This study develops a method for estimating the CV for the inverse power Lomax (IPL) distribution using adaptive Type-Ⅱ progressive censored data. The experiment is a well-liked plan for gathering data, particularly for a very dependable product. The point and interval estimate of CV are formulated under the classical approach (maximum likelihood and bootstrap) and the Bayesian approach with respect to the symmetric loss function. For the unknown parameters, the joint prior density is calculated using the Bayesian technique as a product of three independent gamma densities. Additionally, it is recommended to use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to calculate the Bayes estimate and generate posterior distributions. A simulation study and a numerical example are given to assess the performance of the maximum likelihood and Bayes estimations.
Une si longue course
Authors: Nicolas Claire
Published: November 2024

Au travers d’une histoire comparée du Ghana et de la Côte d’Ivoire au xxe siècle, l’ouvrage propose un regard inédit sur l’histoire des sports en Afrique. Il montre comment ces activités ont participé à construire des dynamiques de domination racialisée et genrée au sein d’institutions qui émergent pendant la période coloniale : écoles, clubs sportifs, mouvements de jeunesse. Grâce à une chronologie longue (du début du xxe siècle aux années 1970), il met en lumière la façon dont les États indépendants réinterprètent l’ensemble du champ sportif colonial. À la croisée de plusieurs champs historiographiques (histoire du sport, de l’Afrique, du genre, et de la citoyenneté), ce livre montre des tensions propres à différents régimes politiques en Afrique de l’Ouest : colonisation britannique ou française, régimes postcoloniaux militaires, démocratiques, socialistes ou capitalistes. Enfin, cet ouvrage met au jour les connexions globales de l’histoire de l’Afrique, alors que les acteurs et actrices du champ sportif s’inscrivent dans des circulations locales, régionales, continentales et globales. Il permet dès lors de comprendre que l’histoire des sports en Afrique a des ramifications globales qui dépassent largement le seul football masculin.
Maria Montessori et la diffusion de la pédagogie montessorienne aux États-Unis (1910-1920)
Authors: Alix Sébastien-Akira
Published: November 2024

Le présent article propose une étude de la diffusion de la pédagogie Montessori aux États-Unis entre 1910 et 1920, dont l’histoire est peu connue du lectorat français. Dans le sillage des travaux d’histoire transnationale, l’article analyse les premières circulations transatlantiques de la pédagogie montessorienne aux États-Unis en mettant en lumière la constitution, le développement et le déploiement des premiers réseaux de sociabilité à l’origine de la dissémination des idées et des pratiques éducatives de Maria Montessori aux États-Unis. L’article revient également sur les raisons qui expliquent l’échec de cette première vague de l’éducation Montessori outre-Atlantique jusqu’à la réémergence de ce mouvement dans les années 1950.
Passer de la motivation à l’engagement : réflexion sur la notion de contrôle comportemental et démarche initiale du développement de l’échelle de la tendance à s’activer (ETA)
Authors: Cabot Isabelle , Surprenant Rachel
Published: November 2024

Une myriade de résultats de recherche identifie la motivation comme étant un très fort prédicteur du comportement. Toutefois, la motivation ne suffit pas à engager l’individu dans le comportement souhaité. Dans le but de mieux comprendre par quel processus un individu maintient le contrôle sur un comportement motivé jusqu’à sa mise en action, la littérature portant sur le concept de contrôle comportemental a été consultée, révélant deux principales conceptualisations : celle du lieu de contrôle et celle de la perception du contrôle comportemental. Celles-ci ne concordent pas avec celle suspectée pas les autrices de la présente étude, à savoir la tendance à faire ce qu’on a prévu de faire. Dans cette optique, une courte échelle de type Likert a été élaborée pour confronter cette idéation à des items des deux conceptualisations repérées dans la littérature auprès d’étudiants francophones du postsecondaire. Les résultats de cette exploration initiale indiquent de bonnes qualités psychométriques aux quatre items de l’échelle de la tendance à s’activer (ETA). En découlent des propositions de démarches de validation supplémentaires pour affirmer la fiabilité de l’ETA. L’échelle est discutée en fonction des besoins qui ont justifié son élaboration et de son potentiel en termes de développement d’interventions pédagogiques.
La forme scolaire : analyse d’un concept clé pour comprendre la difficile prise en compte de l’hétérogénéité des élèves à l’école primaire française
Authors: Jouan Sylvie
Published: November 2024

L’objectif de cet article est double : d’une part, revenir sur la définition du concept de forme scolaire et ses clarifications successives dans les différentes publications de Guy Vincent, en mettant en évidence les dimensions historique, sociologique et philosophique d’une telle approche. Cette analyse nous permet de souligner la signification politico-morale portée par ce concept que l’on ne peut réduire à celui de structure. D’autre part, il s’agit de montrer, en nous appuyant sur la réalité sociohistorique à laquelle renvoie ce concept, que la forme scolaire telle qu’elle s’est historiquement construite en France s’appuie sur le modèle pédagogique hérité de l’œuvre de Jean-Baptiste de la Salle. Ce modèle porté par un idéal d’homogénéité du groupe classe aura pour effet, des débuts de l’école républicaine à aujourd’hui, une très difficile prise en compte de l’hétérogénéité des élèves. Notre analyse prend appui sur l’exemple des classes à plusieurs cours, ou classes multiniveaux, longtemps mises à l’épreuve par cette forme scolaire incompatible avec la réalité de telles classes par définition hétérogènes.
Quand un coenseignement interroge la forme scolaire au profit de l’éducation inclusive
Authors: Tant Maxime
Published: November 2024

L'objectif de cette étude est de voir en quoi et comment l'évolution d'un coenseignement sur une année scolaire entre un professeur des écoles et un enseignant d'éducation physique et sportive (EPS) vient bouleverser la forme scolaire au profit de l'éducation inclusive. Pour ce faire, des observations participantes sur trente-deux séances d'EPS et vingt-huit sessions de coplanification traitées à l'aide de l'analyse comparative constante ont permis de faire émerger trois thématiques. Premièrement, à condition que le coenseignement soit soutenu par les établissements, les coplanifications sont progressivement plus efficientes favorisant ainsi la construction d'un climat de classe inclusif. Deuxièmement, à condition que les enseignants soient compatibles et complémentaires, les remédiations pédagogiques sont plus créatives au service de la participation sociale des élèves. Enfin, suite à la construction d'habitudes de travail entre les enseignants, les formes de co-interventions in situ gagnent en diversité au bénéfice des apprentissages moteurs des élèves.
Le tabellionage et l’histoire économique : l’exemple de la draperie rouennaise au Moyen Âge (1360-1415)
Authors: Roch Jean-Louis
Published: November 2024

Le tabellionage peut-il nous permettre d’approcher l’organisation économique et sociale d’une industrie, comme la draperie médiévale ? La draperie rouennaise nous servira de modèle. Les premiers registres de Rouen, à partir de 1360, ont conservé les actes concernant les affaires commerciales, mais l’on ne sait pas toujours la personne qui se cache sous le nom, et le nom lui-même est rarement accompagné de la profession. Et, à partir de 1415-1419, les affaires commerciales, ce que l’on appelle le « meuble », disparaissent. L’enquêteur doit donc travailler dans une fenêtre du temps et rechercher la profession dans les réglementations des métiers. Trois séries d’actes ont permis d’accéder au déroulement de la production : l’achat de laine, les frais de teinture et la location d’installations à tendre le drap avant la vente, les pentheurs, en début et fin du processus. Selon le modèle florentin, la draperie médiévale était censée être dominée par le marchand-drapier, qui achetait la laine, la faisait travailler et vendait le drap, mais il n’était pas certain que ce modèle fonctionne au nord des Alpes. C’est cette dernière thèse que l’enquête a voulu confirmer, en décrivant un monde de la petite entreprise, qui ne laissait guère de place au grand marchand capitaliste. L’enquête a aussi révélé l’importance des réseaux financiers et des réseaux familiaux, le rôle de l’entraide et celui d’une culture de la confiance. À côté du marchand-entrepreneur, il a existé aussi de petits artisans entrepreneurs.
Enseigner ou diriger la cuisine ?
Authors: Hacot Arthur
Published: November 2024

Cet article examine les spécificités de l’enseignement de la cuisine en lycée hôtelier en axant l’analyse sur les postures et registres mobilisés par les professeur·es. En étudiant l’atelier comme lieu de formation hybride, entre espace scolaire et espace professionnel, nous souhaitons replacer le ou la professeur·e au centre de l’analyse, en observant comment il ou elle doit composer entre deux figures, aux méthodes distinctes, voire opposées, celle de l’enseignant·e, et celle du ou de la chef·fe de cuisine.
Implantations prieurales et enjeux territoriaux aux confins de la Bretagne et de l’Anjou (XIe-XIIe siècle)
Authors: Beaumon Jérôme
Published: November 2024

Au XIe siècle, les abbayes angevines et tourangelles participent à la restauration monastique de l’Ouest français. Elles implantent ainsi en Bretagne des réseaux de prieurés qui se situent en partie aux confins de limites diocésaines et seigneuriales souvent en pleine recomposition.
Die Integration Burgunds in das Kaiserreich
Authors: Klocke Lisa
Published: November 2024

Après la mort en 1032 du dernier des Rodolphiens, le roi Rodolphe III, la question de l’avenir du royaume de Bourgogne se pose : Conrad II, le premier souverain salien, devient alors candidat au trône de Bourgogne. Cet article examine l’intégration du royaume bourguignon dans l’Empire par le biais de celle des diocèses bour-guignons sous le règne de Conrad II.
Des structures domaniales aux territoires ecclésiaux ?
Authors: Perreaux Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Si les entités spatiales médiévales ont fait l’objet de différentes enquêtes ces dernières années, elles n’ont jamais été envisagées globalement, à l’échelle européenne. Grâce au corpus diplomatique des Cartae Europae Medii Aevi (CEMA), l’article propose d’étudier la dynamique d’une trentaine de termes relatifs à ces structures spatiales. Il met ainsi en lumière trois phases de spatialisation, qui conduisent progressivement au renforcement du contrôle ecclésial – et donc à une spiritualisation du système d’organisation spatiale médiéval.
Recht und Raum zwischen Karolinger- und Ottonenzeit
Authors: Grollmann Felix
Published: November 2024

L’enquête juridico-historique se concentre sur les Libri duo de synodalibus causis et disciplinis ecclesiasticis rédigés par l’abbé Réginon de Prüm vers 906. Dans son œuvre, le clerc a principalement compilé des passages de textes normatifs issus de capitulaires et d’actes conciliaires des VIIIe et IXe siècles. Le Sendhandbuch, qui a été largement diffusé en Francie orientale, relie textuellement les périodes carolingienne et ottonienne. À partir de ces sources, l’article aborde différentes facettes de la pensée spatiale de l’époque par le biais de la réglementation des lieux de culte, des informations concernant les distances et des conflits d’appartenance. Apparaît ainsi la coexistence de conceptions polarisées et territorialisées de l’espace.
Espaces ecclésiastiques et seigneuries laïques en Vermandois occidental (XIe-début XIIe siècles) : complémentarités et distinctions
Authors: Chaffenet Paul
Published: November 2024

Du XIe au début du XIIe siècles les sources diplomatiques concernant l’abbaye bénédictine du Mont-Saint-Quentin (diocèse de Noyon) permettent de mettre en lumière des rapports proprement montois à l’espace au moment où s’enracine la seigneurie châtelaine de Péronne, dans le nord-ouest du comté de Vermandois. Notre étude vise à montrer en quoi ces spatialités monastiques et aristocratiques progressivement constituées sont à la fois solidaires et distinctes.
Identités subies, identités intégrées
Authors: Couderc Mathieu
Published: November 2024

La chute de Constantinople (29 mai 1453) marque traditionnellement la fin du monde byzantin dont les ressortissants auraient été rejetés par le pouvoir ottoman, contraints de fuir vers l'Occident. Cette idée comporte plusieurs erreurs, la principale étant que les Grecs n’ont pas attendu la prise de la Ville pour tenter de trouver un refuge à l’ouest et qu’ils ne se sont pas limités à la péninsule Italienne. Si ce territoire est traversé par des migrants grecs dès le XIVe siècle, le nord de l’Europe est également touché à partir du début du XVe siècle. Malgré une augmentation des Grecs en Occident au milieu du siècle, ce mouvement migratoire doit être envisagé dans le temps long et sur un espace étendu qui englobe l’Angleterre, la France, les États bourguignons et même au-delà – l’Écosse et la Scandinavie sont concernées.À partir d’une historiographie trop souvent centrée sur la Méditerranée et de sources occidentales éparses et collectées au gré des circonstances et sans vision d’ensemble, ce livre propose un travail sur des groupes humains confrontés à une remise en cause de leur mode de vie, contraints de recréer des liens entre eux et surtout avec les populations occidentales qui les accueillent. Pour ce faire, toutes les stratégies sont bonnes, depuis la mise en place de circuits de collectes de dons pour les plus pressés, jusqu’à l’édification de stratégies d’alliances avec les membres des aristocraties occidentales pour les plus tenaces.Le cas des Grecs en Occident offre également la possibilité de réfléchir à ce que sont les identités. En effet, les sources évoquent les différentes images déjà convenues accolées aux Grecs – le médecin, le marchand, le lettré… ou le voleur. Ces fictions sont des récits créés afin de permettre dialogue et compréhension – du moins formellement – entre les migrants et les populations qui les accueillent. Ces groupes de Grecs sont représentatifs de la manière dont l’étranger est perçu et catégorisé dans une partie de l’Europe occidentale peu habituée au départ à côtoyer des populations originaires de Méditerranée orientale.Préface de Patrick Boucheron
Prototypical low-level constructions - experimental evidence for the possessive preposition in Hebrew
Authors: Erb Ittamar
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to test the hypothesis that prototypical discourse profiles of productive constructions are stored independently by speakers. As a case study, the paper presents an empirical investigation of definite prepositional possessive constructions in Hebrew (e.g. ax ʃeli ‘my brother’). The research explores the source of definiteness of these constructions, i.e. whether definiteness is a property of kinship terms in and of themselves (Danon 2001) or of the possessed structures as a whole (Neuman 2015). A corpus study of spoken Hebrew confirms that the prototypical discourse profile of the possessive construction involves definite reference and reference to kinship terms. An acceptability judgment task experiment supports the hypothesis that these discourse profiles are independently represented. A cluster analysis suggests theses representations are specified at an intermediate level of abstraction. This study thus contributes to the study of definiteness in Hebrew and joins a growing body of research arguing for the role of low-level constructions in the organization of grammar.
Revisiter la démocratie indienne avec « L’Équilibre du Monde » de Rohinton Mistry, entre réalisme et transgressions
Authors: Jaoul Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Prenant en défaut une posture qui consiste à voir de véritables ethnographes chez les grands écrivains, le roman dont il est question ici ne repose sur aucune enquête. À partir de l’expérience vécue de deux dalits pendant la période de l’état d’urgence, il permet pourtant de sonder les failles de la démocratie indienne et de combler un long silence sur cette période des études indiennes, auxquelles ce témoignage littéraire a même eu tendance à se substituer. Compte tenu du fait qu’écriture littéraire et scientifique sont de plus en plus souvent amenées à se croiser et s’influencer, L’Équilibre du Monde constitue donc un cas d’école pour réfléchir aux implications de cette perméabilité. Ce roman, où un misérabilisme teinté de pessimisme côtoie des moments de grâce pleins d’espoirs et de rédemptions possibles, offre ainsi matière à réflexion pour l’anthropologie politique, grâce à sa tentative de penser l’émancipation en tant que dimension constitutive du réel.
Die Satzperiode in Texten verschiedener Textsorten
Authors: HÜNECKE Rainer
Published: November 2024

Gegenstand dieser Studie ist der Gebrauch der Satzperiode in Texten zu Beginn des 16. Jahrhunderts. Dazu wurde das schriftsprachliche Handeln des Schreibers Wolfgang Wolfer analysiert. Wolfgang Wolfer war Stadtschreiber in Dresden. In dieser Funktion war er mit der Abfassung des Stadtbuches beschäftigt. Daneben war er auch Verfasser einer Streitschrift, mit der er sich an den reformatorischen Auseinandersetzungen am Anfang des 16. Jahrhundert beteiligte. Das rhetorisch-syntaktische Mittel Periode war Bestandteil des schriftsprachlichen Handelns in beiden Texten. Mit der Verwendung der Periode wurden von Wolfer unterschiedliche Wirkungsabsichten verfolgt. Das Spektrum der erwünschten Wirkungen reichte von der juristischen Klausel über die Beweisführung bis hin zur Strafandrohung.
Periode und Korrelation im Deutschen des 17. Jh.s
Authors: Lefèvre Michel
Published: November 2024

Innerhalb einer Periode können deren Glieder, die Kola (Protasis und Apodosis) in der deutschen Sprache des Barocks auf sehr unterschiedliche Weise miteinander verknüpft werden, typischerweise jedoch mit einer Konjunktion zu Beginn jedes Kolons. Dies erinnert an die Korrelation, die in der französischen Sprachwissenschaft vielseitig beschrieben wird, nicht aber im Deutschen, wo Protasen wegen der Verbstellung als Nebensätze interpretiert werden und jede weitere Überlegung dadurch blockiert wird. In diesem Beitrag sollen die markierten Perioden als Korrelationen betrachtet werden, und die Verbstellung als pragmatisch-semantische Konsequenz des Periodenaufbaus, die erst später als Markierung der Nebenordnung uminterpretiert wurde.
Protocole de fouille sur les sites paléolithiques : justification des besoins et modalités de mise en œuvre à Combe-Grenal et à l’abri inférieur du Moustier (Dordogne, France)
Authors: Discamps Emmanuel , Thomas Marc , Faivre Jean-Philippe , Gravina Brad
Published: November 2024

En archéologie, la robustesse et la précision des données de terrain, uniques par la nature destructrice de la fouille, conditionnent à elles seules les études ultérieures sur les modes de vie passés. Rares cependant sont les articles qui décrivent, justifient et discutent les méthodes de fouilles adoptées. Cela cause souvent des difficultés aux chercheurs souhaitant reprendre l’étude d’une collection ancienne ou comparer les données entre différents sites et pose également question sur la reproductibilité de nos pratiques de terrain. Dans cet article, les méthodes de fouille mises en œuvre à Combe-Grenal et à l’abri inférieur du Moustier (Dordogne, France) sont exposées après avoir tenté de justifier et d’expliciter la nature des données requises par les différents spécialistes (établissement d’un cahier des charges). Ces deux sites, très riches en mobilier archéologique, ont nécessité une réflexion sur l’optimisation des modalités d’acquisition des données de terrain en termes de temps et de consommation de sachets plastiques. Deux solutions techniques simples se sont montrées particulièrement efficaces : a) l’emploi d’une numération unique et continue pour toutes les données et b) un système de plateaux et boîtes compartimentées. Tout au long de l’article, la dialectique entre besoins, données, méthodes et justification des choix opérés est discutée.
Nigeria’s malaria prevalence in 2015: a geospatial, exploratory district-level approach
Authors: Whyte Mina , Wambui Kennedy Mwai , Musenge Eustasius
Published: November 2024

This study used data from the second Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey (NMIS) conducted in 2015 to investigate the spatial distribution of malaria prevalence in the country and identify its associated factors. Nigeria is divided into 36 states with 109 senatorial districts, most of which are affected by malaria, a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age. We carried out an ecological study with analysis at the senatorial district level. A malaria prevalence map was produced combining geographic information systems data from the Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey (NMIS) of 2015 with shape files from an open data-sharing platform. Spatial autoregressive models were fitted using a set of key covariates. Malaria prevalence in children under-five was highest in Kebbi South senatorial district (70.6%). It was found that poorest wealth index (β = 0.10 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.20), p = 0.04), mothers having only secondary level of education (β = 0.78 (95% CI: 0.05, 1.51), p = 0.04) and households without mosquito bed nets (β = 0.21 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.39), p = 0.03) were all significantly associated with higher malaria prevalence. Moran’s I (54.81, p<0.001) showed spatial dependence of malaria prevalence across contiguous districts and spatial autoregressive modelling demonstrated significant spill-over effect of malaria prevalence. Maps produced in this study provide a useful graphical representation of the spatial distribution of malaria prevalence based on NMIS-2015 data. Clustering of malaria prevalence in certain areas further highlights the need for sustained malaria elimination interventions across affected regions in order to break the chain of transmission.
Management implications following the reconstruction of the small and shallow Lake Mustijärv (Estonia)
Authors: Tammeorg Olga , Kiani Mina , Nõges Peeter , Blank Kätlin , Feldmann Tõnu , Haberman Juta , Laugaste Reet , Seller Siim , Tuvikene Arvo , Tammeorg Priit
Published: November 2024

Lake Mustijärv was reconstructed by sediment removal following an almost complete siltation. Here we evaluate challenges and opportunities for the management of the lake. We focused on the stream discharging to the lake (i.e., external loading), sediment retention in accumulation basins (i.e., internal processes) as well as the ecosystem-level response to stressors based on biological variables (phyto- and zooplankton, macrophytes, fishes and zoobenthos). Urban and agricultural inputs elevated ammonium and total phosphorus concentrations in the lake, challenging lake reconstruction efforts. Sediment transport highly increased the risk of faster filling of the lake, associated with upstream streambed excavation. Sediments trapped at the accumulation basins release nutrients that enhance eutrophication. We, however, observed a rapid recovery in fish, macrophytes, and zoobenthos, despite the significant disturbances. Lake Mustijärv is in eutrophic condition, reflected by phytoplankton (Pseudanabaena, Closteriopsis dominance) and zooplankton (Keratella, Polyarthra dominance) composition. To improve lake water quality will require controlling external nutrient inputs, underlining the importance of better coordinated activities between the local (lake restoration) and regional (catchment use) scales.
Cardioprotective effect of bioassay–guided fractions of Cleome viscosa methanolic extract in streptozotocin–induced diabetic rats
Authors: Yarrappagaari Suresh , Thopireddy Lavanya , Cheemanapalli Srinivasulu , Narala Venkata Ramireddy , Saddala Rajeswara Reddy
Published: November 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the cardioprotective effect of bioassay-guided isolated fractions of Cleome viscosa methanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:

Total phenolics, flavonoids, and in vitro antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of Cleome viscosa were evaluated. The FD-40 fraction from this extract was further evaluated for antihyperglycemic efficacy (insulin and HbA1c), antioxidant activity, and cardioprotective effects (creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, and histopathology) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In silico studies were also conducted to assess the bioactivity of FD-40.

Results:

Cleome viscosa methanolic extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, H2O2, and FRAP assays compared to other extracts. Treatment with FD-40 (40 mg/kg b.w.) isolated from this extract normalized blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, creatine kinase-MB, and lactate dehydrogenase levels in diabetic rats. It also significantly reduced oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes, decreasing lipid peroxidation as well as restoring the levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione. Histological study demonstrated that FD-40 treatment improved cardiac structure in diabetic rats. Molecular docking analysis revealed that phytocompounds from FD-40 had strong binding affinities with cardiac markers and oxidative enzymes. Hexose (5TMS) demonstrated greater binding affinity with xanthine oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase.

Conclusions:

FD-40 of Cleome viscosa methanolic extract exhibits significant cardioprotective effects in diabetic rats by regulating cardiac markers and reducing oxidative stress. The underlying mechanisms need to be elucidated in the future.
Synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of silver nanofibers essential oils of prunus dulcis
Authors: Obaid Nuha A.M. , Faisal Noor H. , Ali Nuha W. , Ibrahim Ruaa G. , Hassan Ayat N. , Kadhum Ayat J. , Al-Shawi Ali A.A. , Mohmmed Mohammed E. , Abdalla Mohnad
Published: November 2024

Background

Prunus dulcis possesses various beneficial qualities, including liver-protective, cardio metabolic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anxiety-reducing properties. Furthermore, the oil is a fantastic moisturizing cream for hair and skin, to it can help prevent stretch marks and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy damage. These biological applications highlight the importance of developing nanotechnology applications for P. dulcis almond oils.

Materials and methods

In this study, essential oils derived from the fruit of the almond tree (P. dulcis) were employed as reducing agents for producing silver nanofibers (AgNFs). Synthesized AgNFs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The biological activities of (AgNFs) were examined.

Results

The current study showed the absorption of synthesized (AgNFs) at 415 nm. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed the nanofibers average diameter varied from 200 nm to 10 nm. The biological activities of (AgNFs) were evaluated using minimum inhibitor concentration, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), and flow cytometry tests. The cell cycle test of (AgNFs) showed it arrested with S-phase of two types of human cancer cells (HepG2 liver cancer cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells).

Conclusion

These antibacterial and anticancer properties of AgNFs highlight the increased medicinal value of essential oils when coupled with AgNFs produced from almond essential oil.
Ochronotic Arthropathy of the Knee Managed with Lateral Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Prasad J. B. Venkatesh , Kulshrestha Vikas , Sood Munish , Prabhakara Anjan , Kulshrestha Soma
Published: November 2024

Ochronosis, also known as alkaptonuria is a rare genetic disorder characterised by blue-black discolouration of skin and the cartilage. We present here a case of ochronosis of lateral compartment of the knee joint in 42 year old male which was managed with lateral uni-compartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).
Treatment of adult class II division 2 with deep bite using Forsus appliance and intrusion with TADs
Authors: Alkhamees Amani
Published: November 2024

This case report details the treatment of a 23-year-old female patient with Class II division 2 malocclusion with a Class II skeletal base due to a retrognathic mandible. The condition was further complicated by a complete overbite, absence of tooth #36, and a gummy smile. The Forsus appliance has shown to be effective in correcting Class II malocclusion in adult patients, with significant improvements in bite and facial esthetics. The use of temporary anchorage devices for intrusion resulted in lower overbite and increased actual intrusion compared with alternative methods for intruding upper incisors.
Quantitative assessment of orthodontic treatments performed by graduate orthodontic students of an International School of Dentistry
Authors: Gholizadeh Mohsen , Farzanegan Fahimeh , Heravi Farzin , El-Bialy Tarek
Published: November 2024

CONTEXT:

Assessing and monitoring treatment quality within graduate courses are vital for maintaining high standards and addressing areas needing improvement. In this study, we evaluated the treatment quality delivered by measuring the total scores obtained from the comprehensive clinical assessment (CCA) index and the objective grading system (OGS) index.

AIMS:

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of orthodontic treatments administered by graduate students by using the CCA index and OGS index.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

The research was carried out at the Orthodontic Department of Mashhad School of Dentistry, focusing on a cross-sectional analysis of orthodontic treatments administered by graduate students.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:

The study randomly selected 36 cases from the department’s archives and evaluated them through pre- and post-treatment analyses, including radiographs, photographs, and dental casts. The evaluation employed the CCA and the OGS indices.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Data analysis was performed using the Spearman and Mann-Whitney tests.

RESULTS:

The CCA correlated with the patient’s age and gender and was statistically significant (P = 0.007 and P = 0.010, respectively). The CCA index was substantially associated with treatment duration (P = 0.032 a). There was no significant relationship between OGS and CCA (P = 0.223). The mean of post-treatment OGS was 18.97. All criteria of OGS and the overall score were improved significantly (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

The results of this study suggested that orthodontic treatment results provided by the investigated program have high scores and meet high standards of the CCA and OGS indices.
To Evaluate the Efficacy of Sonic, Ultrasonic, and Manual Irrigation Using Side-Vented Needles for Removal of Metapex Using Different Irrigating Solutions
Authors: Mukherjee Trina , Kurup Deepak , Mahreen Shazia , Khuva Hetal , Tikadar Sourav , Majumder Hrishita
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of sonic, ultrasonic, and manual irrigation using a side-vented needle for the removal of Metapex with different irrigating solutions.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated at 12 mm, and biomechanical preparation was performed up to F2 with thorough irrigation using 5.25% NaOCl between files. Metapex was introduced into the canals, and a precleaning cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was conducted for volumetric analysis of Metapex in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Samples were thermocycled for 14 days and then divided into three groups: manual dynamic activation, ultrasonic activation, and sonic activation. After Metapex removal, postcleaning CBCT scans were taken for volumetric analysis. The mean pre- and postcleaning Metapex volumes were calculated for each group and canal third. Statistical analysis was conducted using analysis of variance, with significant results further analyzed by Tukey’s post hoc test (P < 0.05).

Results:

The mean residual volumes were 79.85, 97.70, and 96.96 in the manual, ultrasonic, and sonic groups, respectively. Post hoc analysis revealed significant differences between the manual and both ultrasonic and sonic groups, with no significant difference between the ultrasonic and sonic groups.

Conclusion:

Ultrasonic activation is the most efficient method for Metapex removal from root canals.
Study of Severe Preeclampsia: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Prognostic Aspects over One Year at SMGS Hospital, Jammu: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sharma Deepika
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

This research was conducted retrospectively, with a focus on description and analysis, spanning from July 2022 to June 2023.

Materials and Methods:

The research included all pregnant women who were hospitalized to the department and delivered with a gestational age of more than 22 weeks and had severe preeclampsia.

Results:

The total number of deliveries was 22,180, out of which 63 cases were diagnosed with severe pre-eclampsia. Upon admission, ultrasound assessment of pregnant women revealed intrauterine growth limitation in 17 instances, accounting for 26.98% of the total.

Conclusion:

Increasing awareness among pregnant women during antenatal care (ANC) about the dangers of pre-eclampsia, providing additional training for healthcare workers, closely and promptly monitoring women at high risk, and managing the condition in a multidisciplinary environment may improve the prognosis for both the mother and the fetus.
Predicting the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia from Chest X-Ray Images: A Convolutional Neural Network Approach
Authors: Nguyen-Tat Thien B. , Tran-Thi Viet-Trinh , Ngo Vuong M.
Published: November 2024

This study addresses significant limitations of previous works based on the Brixia and COVIDGR datasets, which primarily provided qualitative lung injury scores and focused mainly on detecting mild and moderate cases. To bridge these critical gaps, we developed a unified and comprehensive analytical framework that accurately assesses COVID-19-induced lung injuries across four levels: Normal, Mild, Moderate, and Severe. This approach’s core is a meticulously curated, balanced dataset comprising 9,294 high-quality chest X-ray images. Notably, this dataset has been made widely available to the research community, fostering collaborative efforts and enhancing the precision of lung injury classification at all severity levels. To validate the framework’s effectiveness, we conducted an in-depth evaluation using advanced deep learning models, including VGG16, RegNet, DenseNet, MobileNet, EfficientNet, and Vision Transformer (ViT), on this dataset. The top-performing model was further enhanced by optimizing additional fully connected layers and adjusting weights, achieving an outstanding sensitivity of 94.38%. These results affirm the accuracy and reliability of the proposed solution and demonstrate its potential for broad application in clinical practice. Our study represents a significant step forward in developing AI-powered diagnostic tools, contributing to the timely and precise diagnosis of COVID-19 cases. Furthermore, our dataset and methodological framework hold the potential to serve as a foundation for future research, paving the way for advancements in the detection and classification of respiratory diseases with higher accuracy and efficiency.
Asymptotic estimate of solutions in a 4th-order parabolic equation with the Frobenius norm of a Hessian matrix
Authors: Li Ke , Liu Bingchen , Dou Jiaxin
Published: November 2024

This paper deals with a 4th-order parabolic equation involving the Frobenius norm of a Hessian matrix, subject to the Neumann boundary conditions. Some threshold results for blow-up or global or extinction solutions are obtained through classifying the initial energy and the Nehari energy. The bounds of blow-up time, decay estimates, and extinction rates are studied, respectively.
Mini-Workshop: Mathematics of Entropic AI in the Natural Sciences
Authors: Gerber Susanne , Horenko Illia , Klein Rupert , O’Kane Terence
Published: November 2024

The mathematical framework of approximate entropic learning introduced very recently promises to provide robust, cheap and efficient ways of machine learning in the so called “small data” regime, when the underlying learning task is highly-underdetermined, due to a large problem dimension and relatively small data statistics size. Such “small data” learning challenges are particularly common in the natural sciences (e.g., in geosciences, in climate research, in economics, and in biomedicine), imposing considerable difficulties for the numerics of common “data-hungry” Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools like Deep Learning (DL). The aim of this workshop will be to bring together experts in the emergent fields of entropic and DL mathematics/numerics, with some lead experts applying AI in the domain disciplines. The goal will be to detect and to discuss the commonalities in the challenges and in their mathematical solutions, as well as to discuss and fine-tune common mathematical problem formulations that are motivated by the AI applications in natural sciences. The establishment of a common mathematical framework for such small-data machine learning tasks would not only bolster future methodological developments but would also lay solid foundations to further in-depth rigorous analysis and theoretically founded interpretation of these methods and their results.
Mini-Workshop: New Horizons in Linear Dynamics, Universality, and the Invariant Subspace Problem
Authors: Grivaux Sophie , Grosse-Erdmann Karl , Matheron Étienne , Peris Alfred
Published: November 2024

The mini-workshop
New Horizons in Linear Dynamics, Universality, and the Invariant Subspace Problem
discussed recent advances in the study of dynamical properties of continuous linear operators, and in the related study of universal properties of holomorphic functions. Ideas from topological dynamics, ergodic theory, and very recent advances on the invariant subspace problem were also considered.
Non-commutative Function Theory and Free Probability
Authors: Bickel Kelly , Hartz Michael , McCarthy John E. , Speicher Roland
Published: November 2024

The workshop brought together researchers in two fields, non-commutative function theory and free probability. There was a mini-course in each of these areas, and speakers in all the talks were encouraged to give expository talks that illuminated the broader reaches of their fields.
Real and Logarithmic Enumerative Geometry
Authors: Abramovich Dan , Georgieva Penka , Ruddat Helge
Published: November 2024

Key topics of the workshop included enumerative geometry, Gromov–Witten invariants, and their extensions to general ground fields and tropical counting. Significant contributions were made in refined invariants, topological recursion, and Givental reconstruction. Discussions also covered the log double ramification cycle, Brill-Noether theory, Hilbert schemes of points, moduli spaces, log smooth degenerations, mirror symmetry, and the topology of real algebraic varieties.
Constrained Dynamics, Stochastic Numerical Methods and the Modeling of Complex Systems
Authors: Leimkuhler Benedict , Tsai Richard , Vilmart Gilles , Ward Rachel
Published: November 2024

The workshop aimed to unite researchers from diverse fields of mathematics and statistics to explore the foundations of high-dimensional modeling and computational studies. It addressed recent advancements in numerical analysis, dynamical systems, and stochastic differential equations that support model reduction for large-scale complex systems.Incorporating targeted geometric structures, such as Riemannian manifolds, into large-scale statistical models is known to enhance the stability, reliability, and efficiency of numerical methods. However, algorithms are often presented in application contexts without adequate attention to their fundamental properties, limiting the adoption of these advanced modeling methods.The workshop emphasized understanding the fundamental properties of these structures, their impact on dynamics and stochastic dynamics, and the need to redesign algorithms to capture essential properties, aiming for robustness and suitability for high-performance computation.By bringing together numerical analysts, statisticians, and modelers, the workshop sought to improve the quality of methods and identify new model frameworks to guide future development.
Geometrie
Authors: Naber Aaron , Neves André , Di Nezza Eleonora , Wilking Burkhard
Published: November 2024

The workshop Geometrie, organized by Aaron Naber (Evanston), André Neves (Chicago), Eleonora Di Nezza (Paris), and Burkhard Wilking (Münster), was well attended with over 45 participants whose interests covered a considerable part of the current research in Differential Geometry. We had talks in such diverse subjects as geometric evolution equations, Kähler geometry, minimal surfaces, RCD spaces, hyperbolic metrics, or scalar curvature metrics.
Fermentation and Microencapsulation of Red Palm Oil as a Nutraceutical Source
Authors: Nuralang  , Ananda Hertanti Dwi , Nelson  , Susanto Nindita Clourisa Amaris , Tarigan Indra Lasmana
Published: November 2024

Red palm oil (RPO) has various bioactive and nutritional components with high potential to be developed as a source of nutraceuticals in addition to its potential as a functional food. The fermentation technology is a processing process that affects metabolite activity, increasing the durability of a product. Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the bacteria that is generally used in the sugar and oil fermentation process. RPO fermentation by Staphylococcus epidermidis is supposed to increase nutraceutical value by adding probiotic properties to RPO products. Moreover, the instability of bioactive compounds in RPO needs to be protected with coating technology microencapsulation. So, this study aims to formulate a microencapsulation procedure for fermented RPO using Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 as a potential nutraceutical. RPO was fermented using S. epidermidis with three variations of MRS media and RPO comparison, then microencapsulated using emulsification and extrusion methods. The physicochemical properties and bioactivity of the product, microcapsule, were then analyzed. Our data shows that RPO fermentation was able to increase the chemical components. RPO fermentation produced more 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (2-Ethylhexyl) ester. Furthermore, microencapsulation of fermented RPO has better yield, efficiency, and solubility in water than non-fermented RPO microencapsulation. Moreover, our work also shows that the microencapsulation process increased RPO stability.
Analysis of Drought Stress Effect on Inpari Germination: Survival Method
Authors: Rusdiana Riza Yuli , Sa'diyah Halimatus , Hadi Alfian Futuhul
Published: November 2024

Drought stress using mannitol can inhibit the germination of rice variety seeds. These studies typically produce time-to-event data and censored observation. Survival analysis techniques are valuable for accounting for these non-germination events, as they describe how germination probability changes over time based on the likelihood of seed development. Until now, there have not been survival studies regarding rice germination affected by drought stress in Indonesia. Thus, we investigated the germination probability of three rice varieties (Inpari 19, Inpari 32, and Inpari 49) under drought stress using survival analysis. The seeds were germinated in 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% concentrations of mannitol and evaluated daily over 14 days. Our results demonstrated that higher mannitol concentrations significantly decreased the germination percentage and delayed germination time. The survival rates varied significantly between different mannitol concentrations, highlighting the adverse effects of drought stress. However, there was no significant difference in the probability of seed germination among the varieties treated with 2% mannitol. Among the varieties studied, Inpari 19 is more likely to be drought-resistant compared to Inpari 32 and Inpari 49. It is based on the highest germination percentage, shortest germination time, and highest probability of germination compared.
Reconstruction of the past through artistic practices
Authors: Solmaz Ayşe Ceren
Published: November 2024

Artists express their past experiences through art practices and carry the personal and period dynamics of the past to the present through materials. Using of materials and the narrative potential and relationality of contemporary art practices provide spatial experiences. These practices bring past experiences to the present and allow viewers to re-experience. This study aims to examine the way a past experience is transferred to the present and how it is transformed into a field of representation in the practices of Michael Landy, Anny and Sibel Öztürk, Hale Tenger and İlya Kabakov. In the study, the relationship between memory and space and the relational effect of the installation were examined using qualitative research methods. The results showed that past experiences could not be transferred to the present as they were and that they created relational representation space that was reconstructed under today’s conditions.
The “found story” in Derviş Zaim’s cinema: Documentary reality through the possibilities of digital cinema
Authors: Güngör Aslı
Published: November 2024

Derviş Zaim’s cinema is a cinema of exploration. Zaim blends found story with fiction, constructing a framework in which content and form reinforce each other. His films Somersault in a Coffin (1996) and Cycle (2013), based on real events and characters, are rooted in found stories drawn from the fabric of life. Zaim’s latest film, Tavuri (2023), is a cinéma vérité style documentary that chronicles the last five years of the life of con artist Mustafa Serttaş. The possibilities offered by digital cinema contribute significantly to Zaim’s journey along the boundaries between documentary and fiction. This study examines how Zaim incorporates Siegfried Kracauer’s concept of the “found story” into the narrative structure of films, focusing on his use of digital technology while experimenting with different forms and styles within the context of auteur theory. The aim is to analyse the films in terms of characters, plot, setting, mise-en-scène, and editing.
Overview of lysosome-mediated chemoresistance mechanisms in breast cancer: A mini review
Authors: Nguyen Nhat
Published: November 2024

It is widely acknowledged that chemoresistance is one of the major consequences that leads to chemotherapeutic treatment failure and cancer-related death. In recent studies, lots of attempts have been made to clarify the mechanisms that cancer cells utilize and/or modify to become resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Among these, lysosomes, also called ‘‘drug-safe house’’, have emerged as one of the crucial drivers of chemoresistance through trapping passively the chemotherapeutics, thereby preventing them from reaching their intracellular targets. Notably, lysosomes take part in regulating cellular metabolism, tumor growth and metastasis. Besides, lysosomes are a platform for inter- and intracellular communication among cellular organelles and/or cell surfaces and/or between tumor cells and extracellular microenvironment. In breast cancer (BCa), the mechanisms underlying chemotherapeutic resistance are perplexing and have not been fully understood. Therefore, in this review, we briefly highlight some aspects that describe lysosome-mediated regulation of chemoresistance in BCa.