bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Two Children
Authors: Karatzios Christos , Scuccimarri Rosie , Chédeville Gaëlle , Basfar Wijdan , Bullard Jared , Stein Derek Riley
Published: May 2022

This report presents 2 pediatric cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults (MIS-C/A) post severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination (MIS-V). Both children presented with MIS-V within 6 weeks of receiving their first and only dose of Pfizer-BioNTech’s SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The first patient had symptoms of MIS-C/A with peri-myocarditis and shock, and the second 1 had classic Kawasaki disease features. Both responded well to intravenous immunoglobulins and/or systemic corticosteroids. Both children were positive only for SARS-2-CoV antispike (S) (and not for antinucleocapsid [NC]) antibodies consistent with a postvaccine, and not a postinfection, event. Surveillance for rare adverse events following immunization should continue, especially now that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is approved in the 5 to 11 year age group that has had the highest risk of developing MIS-C post SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our patients did not receive any further SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Our report highlights the importance of measuring differentiating antibodies (anti-S and anti-NC) that can be used within a specific timeframe to help determine if a patient has MIS-V post vaccine (only anti-S present), or MIS-C/A post SARS-CoV-2 infection (both anti-S and anti-NC present).
Screen device use and common health problems in children and adolescents
Authors:   Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland, Puzio Diana , Makowska Iwona ,   Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland, Rymarczyk Krystyna ,   Department of Biological and Behavioral Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
Published: May 2022

Children are exposed to screen devices from early developmental stages and use them increasingly often as they grow. Screen time has reached unprecedented levels in paediatric population, raising concerns about whether it holds potential for harm. Additionally, a growing number of scholars suggest that different patterns of screen device use may be even more important for well-being than the duration of use itself. In this paper, we summarise the current state of the ongoing debate regarding common paediatric problems and their possible relationships with screen media use. Sleep disorders, obesity, musculoskeletal symptoms, vision problems, cognitive dysfunctions, as well as mood and behavioural disorders are discussed. Most evidence supporting the relationship between health problems and new technologies comes from cross-sectional studies that do not warrant inferences as to the direction of causality. Hence, our aim was to present various aspects of the discussed problems rather than to reach final conclusions. Currently, experts throughout the world agree that parents should guide, supervise and limit children’s screen time before the age of 5 years. As children grow, more adequate approach would be to provide guidance and help if needed. Regardless of age, following general principles for raising children in the digital era might prevent health complications.
Olanzapine – abuse and misuse
Authors:   Poradnia Leczenia Uzależnień, Samodzielny Zespół Publicznych Zakładów Lecznictwa Otwartego Warszawa-Targówek, Warszawa, Polska, Łukasiewicz Przemysław ,   Centrum Terapii Dialog, Warszawa, Polska, Ferenc Antoni ,   Oddział Psychiatryczny, Specjalistyczny Szpital Wojewódzki w Ciechanowie, Ciechanów, Polska
Published: May 2022

Over the past few decades, drug abuse has become a significant health problem. The reason for this situation is multifaceted; one should take into account both the greater health awareness in the society and faster pace of life associated with increased stress, but also the increasingly common tendency to medicalise everyday problems. This phenomenon, so far associated mainly with analgesics, sedatives and hypnotics, has begun to affect also other groups of drugs in recent years. The article addresses the phenomenon of abuse and misuse of olanzapine – an increasingly popular drug with a well-established clinical status, used primarily in the treatment of psychotic, affective and behavioural disorders. The epidemiology, pathophysiological background and clinical picture of the abuse and misuse of this drug are described. Moreover, the issues of insufficient social awareness of this problem and the lack of guidelines both for the diagnosis and treatment are highlighted. Undoubtedly, the phenomenon requires further study, with a particular focus on its specific clinical presentations characteristic for the populations of different countries and groups of patients with specific medical diagnoses.
The alien Black-and-yellow Mud Dauber, Sceliphron caementarium (Drury, 1773) (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae), continues its spread: new citizen-science records from Eastern Europe and the Balkans
Authors: Demetriou Jakovos , Díaz-Calafat Joan , Kalaentzis Konstantinos , Kazilas Christos , Georgiadis Christos , Turrisi Giuseppe Fabrizio , Koutsoukos Evangelos
Published: May 2022

The Nearctic Sceliphron caementarium (Drury, 1773) is widely distributed in the Western Palearctic and is spreading to new territories. Despite the large quantities of data on citizen-science platforms, these records have been mostly overlooked. In this publication, the first records of S. caementarium from six Eastern European and Balkan countries (Albania, Greece, Montenegro, Poland, Serbia, and Slovakia) are presented. Data derived from online citizen-science observations and museum specimens supplement our knowledge of this species’ range. The distribution of this species in Europe and possible ecological implications are discussed.
Engagement in the Expression of Learners' Identity within Virtual Exchange Asynchronous Discussions
Authors: Sevilla Pavón Ana , Nicolaou Anna
Published: May 2022

This study examines the interpersonal communication strategies used by Cypriot and Spanish virtual exchange participants for the projection and negotiation of their cultural identities. Framed within Engagement (Martin & White, 2005), it analyses learners’ use of contracting and expanding strategies when sharing knowledge and views about their own language(s) and culture(s) while developing new knowledge about different languages and cultures.
Results of CABG Using Microsurgical Technique and Endarterectomy for Diffuse Lesions of the Coronary Arteries
Authors: Shiryaev Andrei A. , Akchurin Renat S. , Vasiliev Vladislav P. , Galyautdinov Damir M. , Vlasova Elina E. , Zaikovskii Vladimir Y.
Published: May 2022

Background. The number of patients (pts) with diffuse lesions among coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) candidates has increased; they are expected to have worse results. Complex reconstructions, such as coronary endarterectomy (CEAE) and prolonged anastomoses with arteries less than 1.5mm in diameter, are being used more often. There is no sufficient evidence data and accepted guidelines for surgical treatment of this most complicated category of pts. Aim to evaluate the effectiveness of CABG with and without endarterectomy in pts with diffuse lesion and compare it with standard CABG in pts with local lesion. Materials and methods. In 20102017 CABG were performed in 2.927 pts. 1276 had diffuse coronary artery disease and in 154 cases the surgeon was forced to perform CEAE. After excluding 38 pts with comorbidities, the study group was formed (group 1, n = 116). We selected 2 equally large control groups with propensity score matching: from pts with diffuse lesion operated without CEAE (group 2, n = 116) and pts with local lesion operated as standard (group 3, n = 116). Cardiopulmonary bypass and microsurgical techniques were used. Hospital and long-term (up to 8 years; median follow-up of 60 (42; 74) months results were compared. The endpoints were all-cause and cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), angina recurrence and repeated revascularization. Results. In group 1 the frequency of perioperative MI was significantly higher compared to groups 2 and 3 (6.9% vs 0.7 and 0.7% resp, p 0.05) Hospital mortality was comparable in groups (p = 0.444). In the long-term period, the angina recurrence frequency was insignificantly lower in both control groups compared with the study group (p = 0.418). Autovenous grafts had significantly more dysfunctions compared with the internal thoracic artery grafts in symptomatic pts (57.5 versus 12.1%, p 0.05; odds ratio OR = 9.82; 95% CI: 3.2429.79). Also the severity of the target coronary artery lesion 4 points scaled by the diffuse lesion index were more frequent cause of graft dysfunction in this group (60.9 versus 41.6%; p 0.05; OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.134.24). Conclusion. Coronary endarterectomy is related to the high risk of perioperative myocardial infraction, while do not significantly increase the hospital mortality and adverse events in the long-term period. It should be considered to use coronary endarterectomy when there is no other option for surgery. The using of other adjunctive techniques demonstrate high efficiency in patients with diffuse lesions of the coronary arteries, comparable to surgery in patients with local lesion.
Comparative Characteristics of Tobacco Smoking among Rural Adolescents Aged 15–17 in the Russian Federation in 2001–2002 and 2016–2017
Authors: Scvortsova Elena S. , Lushkina Nina P.
Published: May 2022

Rationale. Tobacco smoking remains a serious health risk factor both in the world and in Russia. Special attention is paid to the protection of young generations from exposure to smoking and the harmful effects of tobacco. The purpose of the study based on a comparative analysis of the dynamics of tobacco smoking among rural adolescents in 2001-2017, to assess the changes that have occurred and justify proposals to reduce smoking among minors. Materials and methods. A sample of adolescents in each subject of the Russian Federation was formed by multi-stage selection: typological, random and continuous examination. In 20012002, 16 743 rural teenagers (7468 boys and 9275 girls) were interviewed, in 20162017 18 222 teenagers (8208 boys and 10 014 girls). Statistical development of materials was carried out using the computer program Risk Factors (AnkProc). Results. During the period from 20012002 to 20162017, the prevalence of smoking among boys decreased by 2.7 times, and among girls by 3 times. The number of boys who smoked remained higher than the number of girls who smoked (by 2 times). The proportion of teenagers who smoked based on the emerging addiction (like, out of habit, I cant quit) I grew up among both boys and girls. During the period under review, the predominant motive of the first smoking test, both boys and girls, remained curiosity. The age interval of initiation to tobacco smoking has not changed either (from 10 years to 17 years inclusive). The peak of initiation to smoking in 20012002, and in 20162001 boys accounted for up to 10 years inclusive, and among girls for 1314 years. In 20162017, hookah smoking became popular among rural teenagers. The prevalence rates of hookah smoking were 13.5 per 100 boys and 10.3 per 100 girls. 55.7% of boys and 44.9% of girls smoked hookah with tobacco. Hookah smoking was primarily addressed by teenagers who did not smoke (62.0% of boys and 76.0% of girls). Among hookah smokers, 34.3% of boys and 21.2% of girls smoked tobacco products weekly. Conclusion. A comparative analysis showed a significant decrease in the prevalence of smoking among rural adolescent schoolchildren in the Russian Federation.
Current Trends in the Diagnosis, Screening and Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Maretina Marianna A. , Kiselev Anton V. , Ilina Arina V. , Egorova Anna A. , Glotov Andrey S. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Baranov Vladislav S. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: May 2022

Spinal muscular atrophy is one of the most severe hereditary neuromuscular diseases and one of the main causes of infant mortality caused by hereditary diseases. Being a monogenic disease, SMA is characterized by a wide range of phenotypes, which are based on the influence of genetic modifiers of the disease. These modifiers determine the development of a more severe or milder form of the disease and can act as potential targets of disease therapy. To date, there are three certified drugs for the treatment of SMA, the action of two of them is directed at the transcript of the main modifier of the disease the SMN2 gene. With the advent of effective therapy, the issue of screening newborns for the purpose of early detection of patients and the beginning of treatment of SMA at the presymptomatic phase to achieve maximum effectiveness of drugs becomes relevant. In addition to neonatal screening, population screening plays an important role, which may result in a decrease in the frequency of births of children with SMA.
The Role of Endocrine Cells of the Colon, Secreting Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Somatostatin and Motilin, in Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Occurring with Diarrhea and Constipation
Authors: Maev Igor' V. , Osadchuk Mikhail A. , Burdina Valeriya O. , Mironova Ekaterina D. , Osadchuk Maksim M.
Published: May 2022

Background. Disorders in the production of neuroendocrine peptides in the digestive tract can cause changes in, intestinal motility and the formation of visceral hypersensitivity, characteristic of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). From this standpoint, of particular interest is the study of the role of a number of major endocrine cells (EC) of the colon, secreting motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and somatostatin, in IBS. Aims to evaluate the density of ECs with different hormonal activities that secrete motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and somatostatin in the mucosa of the sigmoid colon in patients with IBS that occurs with constipation and diarrhea. Materials and methods. 85 patients with IBS were examined. The first group included 44 patients with diarrhea (IBSd), the second group included 41 patients with constipation (IBSc). The comparison group consisted of 36 practically healthy people. The diagnosis of IBS was based on the Rome IV criteria. Patients and healthy people were examined according to a single program, including clinical, instrumental (colonoscopy, ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs), laboratory (clinical blood test, feces for calprotectin and antibodies to gliadin in the presence of diarrhea), morphological and immunohistochemical methods. Results. The clinical picture of IBS corresponded to the classical manifestations of this pathology. Among patients with IBSc, there was a more frequent feeling of incomplete emptying of the intestine after defecation, compared with patients with IBSd (p 0.05). Among patients with IBSd, there was a statistically significant increase in the number of ECs producing motilin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, as well as a lower density of ECs secreting somatostatin, compared with the control group (p 0.05). In the IBSc group, there was a decrease in the number of ECs producing motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and an increase in the number of ECs producing somatostatin, compared with the control group (p 0.05). Conclusions. An increase in the number of cells producing motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and a decrease in the number of cells observed for the production of somatostatin in the mucosa of the sigmoid colon is characteristic of the manifestation of IBSd. At the same time, an increase in ECs secreting motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and an increase in cellular elements producing somatostatin reveals manifestations of IBSс.
Sinopse de Brachymenium Schwägr. (Bryaceae) no Brasil
Authors: Canestraro Bianca Kalinowski , Peralta Denilson Fernandes
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Bryaceae é uma família de musgos com dez gêneros e 660 espécies mundialmente. Para o Brasil há 54 espécies em quatro gêneros. Brachymenium é o segundo maior gênero e é caracterizado por apresentar hábito corticícola, cápsulas eretas e endóstoma com membrana basal alta e porção distal rudimentar. Há a necessidade de revisão do gênero em virtude da dificuldade de identificação dos táxons e da sub-amostragem de plantas brasileiras na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar um tratamento taxonômico do gênero para o Brasil, contendo descrições e ilustrações diagnósticas, comentários, mapas e chave. Foram analisadas 300 exsicatas de Brachymenium de herbários brasileiros e internacionais e reconhecidas nove espécies. Foram excluídos cinco táxons do Brasil. Quatro espécies são endêmicas do Brasil: B. elimbatum, B. hornschuchianum, B. regnellii e B. sublinearis; quatro são Neotropicais: B. consimile, B. klotzschii, B. morasicum e B. radiculosum; B. acuminatum é Pantropical.
Production and perception across three Hong Kong Cantonese consonant mergers: Community- and individual-level perspectives
Authors: Cheng Lauretta S. P. , Babel Molly , Yao Yao
Published: May 2022

Individual variation is key to understanding phenomena in phonetic variation and change, including the production-perception link. To test the generalizability of this relationship, this study compares community- and individual-level variation across three long-standing consonant mergers in Hong Kong Cantonese speakers: [n]→[l], [ŋ̩]→[m̩], and [ŋ]↔Ø. Concurrently, we document these understudied mergers in a community that has undergone rapid social change in recent decades. Younger (college-aged) and older (middle-aged) Hong Kongers completed a reading production task followed by a forced-choice lexical identification perception task. Group-level results suggest mismatching production and perception: While the community overall distinguished merger pairs in production, younger listeners are more perceptually categorical than older listeners. However, aggregate results obscure the fact that individuals vary substantially in the extent of merging in both perception and production, including many who exhibit complete merger, and that individual-level production-perception correlations were found for [n]→[l] and [ŋ̩]→[m̩], though not [ŋ]↔Ø. Results are discussed in the context of previous research. We find that (i) these mergers have diverged from predicted trajectories of completion, and (ii) overall, prior findings on the production-perception link are generalizable to these consonant mergers.
FROM THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER TESTS
Authors:   Ala Too International University, Esenalieva Gulzada
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the formation and development of computer tests in the education system. Based on the analysis of the content of works by foreign authors, the primary experience of using teaching devices and machines in the educational process is traced. The contribution of the pioneers in this direction, S. Pressi and G. Paska, is noted. Particular attention is paid to the ideas of the 60s and 70s on the use of electronic computers for teaching and control, on the use of machines in pedagogical testing. The analysis of the form of computer testing is carried out. The work on determining the advantages and disadvantages of computer tests is generalized.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕННОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ В СЕМЬЕ
Authors:   Osh State University, Aliyeva Kanyshay Ularovna
Published: May 2022

The article reveals the content of the identified components listed in the developed model of spiritual and moral education of primary schoolchildren in the family. The need for the developed model is due to the fact that in modern pedagogy, when raising children of this age, the scientific approach to «the implementation of spiritual and moral practice» in the family is not sufficiently developed. In our case, the subjects of instruction are primary school students. This age has a number of features that are taken into account in the implementation of spiritual and moral education in the family. Those who study this age at an early age create psychological prerequisites in children, which can become the basis for creating the foundations of their spiritual and moral behavion, the assimilation of moral norms and rules, and begin to form the social orientation of the individual. These features form the basis oh the article.
UPBRINGING, EDUCATION AND SPIRITUAL SECURITY IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors:   Osh State University, Asanalieva Meergul
Published: May 2022

This article says that the issue of education, upbringing and at the same time the upbringing of spiritual culture as a strategic issue should always be in the center of attention of the state society. Because education is a tool for transferring human, national, social and historical experience, culture, spiritual and moral traditions to future generations. Ensuring spiritual security though timely monitoring of the situation at a time means that the preservation of the spiritual values of the individual, society and the state is of great practical importance. To preserve and develop our independent republic as a nation, it is necessary to develop a system of upbringing, education, spiritual and patriotic values, pass them on from generation, and our teachers strive for lofty ideas, directing them into reality and practice.
Effects of Beta vulgaris powder on growth and survival of common carp Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Amiri Nahid , Aberoumand Ali , Nejad Saeed Ziaee
Published: May 2022

The use of plant material in a diet to increase the growth of fish may be beneficial and can reduce the production cost. This research was carried out at Behbahan University, Iran, in 2016 with a view to determining effects of Beta vulgaris powder on feeding, growth and survival of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 360 individuals (mean weight, 20 g; mean standard length, 9 cm) were randomly divided into 12 tanks for treatments. Fish were fed diets with 0% (control), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2) and 2% (T3) of B. vulgaris powder for six weeks. The results showed that the addition of B. vulgaris to fish diets had a positive effect on survival index and feed conversion index of fish. The presence of B. vulgaris in the diet had increased specific growth rate, and hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices.
Seasonal variation and community structure of fishes in the Mahananda River with special reference to conservation issues
Authors: Galib Shams Muhammad , Rashid Md Abdur , Chaki Nipa , Mohsin A B M , Joadder Md Abdur Razzaq
Published: May 2022

This study was carried out in the Mahananda River from January to December 2013 with a view to determining the seasonal variation and community structure of fishes along with some conservation issues. Monthly sampling was carried out using traditional fishing gears and fishes were identified based on morphometric and meristic characters. A total of 4082 individuals of native fish species were captured, analyzed and classified into 62 species belonging to 46 genera, 25 families and 9 orders. Cypriniformes and Siluriformes were the dominant fish orders represented by 19 species each and the most abundant family was Cyprinidae (14 species). In addition to indigenous individuals, 9 individuals of 2 exotic fish species (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Pangasius hypophthalmus) were also recorded. Among three sampling sites, S-1 was the most diversified in terms of not only the number of individual fish but also the number of species present represented by mean (±SE) individuals of 151.50±25.22 and species of 25.58±3.91. Three distinct fish groups of fish families were revealed from the cluster analysis of similarity. To improve the situation, control of illegal fishing gears, establishment of sanctuaries and legal protection for threatened species are recommended.
Fish growth, yield and economics of conventional feed and weed based polyculture in ponds
Authors: Asadujjaman Md , Hossain Md. Akhtar
Published: May 2022

Fish growth, yield and economics of polyculture were evaluated for six months from April to September, 2011 in ponds of Kushtia district, Bangladesh under 4 treatments of feeds and weeds as T0: rice bran, wheat bran and mustard oilcake; T1: Azolla; T2: Grass and T3: Banana leaf. Each treatment had 3 replications. Mean initial stocking weight of fishes like Hypophthalmichthyes molitrix, Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Barbonymus gonionotus was 62, 64, 57, 54, 63, 65 and 25 g, respectively. Stocking density (11,115 fishes/ha), liming (250 kg/ha), basal fertilization (Cowdung, 1,500 kg/ha; urea, 60 kg/ha; and Triple Super Phosphate, TSP 60 kg/ha) and periodic fertilization (Urea, 2.5 kg/ha/day; TSP, 2.5 kg/ha/day) were same for all the treatments. Water quality parameters (water temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity and free carbon dioxide) were monitored fortnightly and fish growth parameters (weight gain and Specific Growth Rate, SGR) were monitored monthly. Treatments did not vary significantly for the mean water quality parameters. Treatment T0 varied more significantly for the mean final weight,  weight gain, SGR, survival rate and yield for almost all the species except C. idella and B. gonionotus. Significantly highest CBR was recorded with treatment T1.
Alternative growth models in fisheries: Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Benzer Semra , Benzer Recep
Published: May 2022

In this study growth of Atherina boyeri, collected from Süreyyabey Dam Lake, was determination by Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) along with study of length weight relationships (LWRs). A total of 394 individuals including 32.5% female and 67.5% male specimens were studied collected during the fishing season between May 2015 and May 2016 from the local fisherman. The total length and weight of the specimens were 32–90 mm and 0.225–4.062 g respectively. The relationships were W = 0.01285708 L2.67 (R2 = 0.983) for females, W = 0.00678019 L2.95 (R2 = 0.969) for males and W = 0.00641527 L2.87 (R2 = 0.970) for pooled individuals. Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of ANNs (0.182) for all specimens was lower than MAPE value of LWR (1.763). The results of study show that ANNs are superior tool to LWRs for fishes of Süreyyabey Dam Lake.
Development and quality evaluation of small rock oyster sauce from Saccostrea spp.
Authors: Sorio Jerson C. , Sorio Jedith C. , Manoza Josie , Gonzales Andrei , Lalaguna Ave
Published: May 2022

Small rock oyster (Saccostrea spp.) are abundant in the Province of Samar and presently there is no oyster sauce produced from this species available in the Philippine markets. Hence, this study aimed to produce small rock oyster sauce at different concentrations (i.e. 70, 80 and 90%; treatments 1–3) and investigated their microbial and sensorial qualities. Based on the result of the overall acceptability of sensory evaluation, treatment 1 containing 70% of small rock oyster extract showed no significant difference with the control commercial oyster sauce suggesting that the treatment 1 is the most acceptable product. There is no microbiological standard limit for fermented fishery products in the Philippines. The total plate counts of the treatments ranged from 3.64 to 4.62 log CFU ml–1. Halophilic bacteria were present in all treatments, ranging from 3.49 – 4.67 log CFU ml–1. Also, lactic acid bacteria were detected in all treatments, ranged from 1.75 – 3.07 CFU ml–1. This study concludes that the small rock oyster sauce produced locally can compete with the available commercial oyster sauces in the market.
Relationship between cortisol and glucose as physiological stress indicators during growth season in juvenile Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii
Authors: Eagderi Soheil , Poorbagher Hadi , Hasanalipour Alireza , Çiçek Erdoğan
Published: May 2022

The relationship between cortisol and glucose was studied in two-year old farmed Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii with a body weight of 340±30 g (mean ± SD) and total length of 45±1 cm from August to November 2017. Thirty-six individuals were randomly selected and stocked in some 3×300 L fiberglass tanks. Blood samples were collected monthly from the tagged fish. The mean cortisol in August, September, October and November were 4.7±0.9, 23.5±3.0, 6.3±0.9 and 7.4±0.9 ng mL–1 respectively whereas glucose concentrations were 44.6±0.4, 27.3±0.6, 49.2±0.7 and 48.5±0.7 mg dL–1 respectively indicating a significant increase in cortisol and decrease in glucose in September, may be due to the exposure to prolonged high temperature (26–28.5°C). Although it was expected to happen naturally due to hyperglycemia of cortisol but no such phenomena was detected. Our results suggest that the consumption of glucose for maintenance of homeostasis and physiological status is a mechanism against the non-optimal thermal regime. This mechanism consumes glucose at a rate higher than that produced by cortisol, causing significant decrease of plasma glucose. In general, there was a reverse relationship between cortisol and glucose concentration during the experiment in Siberian sturgeons.
The distribution and population ecology of semaphore crab Ilyoplax sayajiraoi Trivedi, Soni, Trivedi and Vachhrajani 2015, on mud flat region of Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India
Authors: Vaidya Gargi K. , Vachhrajani Kauresh D.
Published: May 2022

The semaphore crab Ilyoplax sayajiraoi is a newly discovered species distributed in the Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India. Consequently, almost no information is available regarding its population structure. The distribution of species is limited to upper most reaches of the gulf and thus any alteration in the habitat will eventually affect its population. Studies on the population structure of I. sayajiraoi will provide baseline data for future studies and probably, it has potential to serve as a bioindicator species. Morphometric measurements of the carapace (width and length), cheliped and body weight were measured for specimens, collected monthly. The growth was not isometric, demonstrating a significant difference in carapace of males and females, giving sexual dimorphism. Relationship established between carapace width and weight indicate that species is allometric in nature. Sex ratio was 1.3 : 1 (M : F).  Ovigerous female and juvenile recruitment showed a bimodal distribution pattern for maintaining the overall size of population.
Sinusoidal growth, recruitment, mortality, yield-per-recruit analysis of Buried fan scallop Mimachlamys funebris (Reeve, 1853) and their implications for mariculture
Authors: Buban Ian Cris R. , Cabiles Christian D. , Bobiles Renan U. , Camaya Alex P. , Soliman Victor S.
Published: May 2022

This study described the growth, mortality, recruitment pattern and exploitation rate of the Buried fan scallop (Mimachlamys funebris) in Asid Gulf, Philippines. Monthly length-frequency data (N=3988) from April 2018 to March 2019 were used to examine population parameters using FISAT II. Two estimates of natural mortalities were used to compare variability of limit exploitation rates. Modelling through the oscillating von Bertalanffy growth function revealed that the species is fast growing (K=1.1 year–1) attaining SH∞ of 10.5 cm. Adequacy in the use of the sinusoidal version of the growth formula hinges on the mean annual temperature difference reported in the gulf to be 2°C. Recruitment pattern was continuous and bimodal throughout the year with two high pulses in April–May and September consistent with the reproductive seasonality reported for congeneric species. Fishing mortality coefficients (4.26 and 4.82 year–1) were higher than the natural mortality coefficients (0.543 and 1.1 year–1). Yield and biomass-per-recruit analysis showed that the current exploitation rates are 112% (Ecurr1 = 0.90) and 92% (Ecurr2 = 0.80) higher than the biological reference points adopted for the study particularly E50. These results demonstrate that M. funebris stock is overexploited, which necessitates effective management measures including mariculture.
First record of Trypauchen vagina (Bloch and Schneider 1801) (Perciformes: Gobiidae) in the Narmada River, Gujarat, India
Authors: Thakkar Nevya , Sarma Kangkan Jyoti , Mankodi Pradeep
Published: May 2022

Gobiids are a large group of fishes inhabiting freshwater, marine and brackish water habitats. Trypauchen is the Indo-Pacific genus and comprises of two species: Trypauchen pelaeos known from Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and China; and T. vagina, distributed from Kuwait, along the coasts of India, ranging eastward to the Philippines, Taiwan and China. A specimen of T. vagina (Bloch and Schneider 1801) was caught by cast net from the shallow water of the Narmada River on 11 April 2017 that has later been preserved in the museum of Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara (voucher number: ZL-CH-OSH-026). This paper presents the first observation of T. vagina in the Narmada River in Gujarat.
Multiplex-PCR protocol development for rapid screening of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp
Authors: Aktar Sharmin , Parvez Md. Shahin , Islam H M Rakibul , Ahsan Md. Nazmul
Published: May 2022

This study was aimed to develop a faster single step multiplex PCR protocol for the simultaneous detection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) with its host (i.e. shrimp) as internal positive control. To do so, four combinations of primer were tested (I. 16S rRNA+Lo F1R1; II. 16S rRNA+Lo F2R2; III. 16S rRNA+Lo F1R2; IV. 16S rRNA+Lo F2R1) which were selected based on two pairs of WSSV specific primer (Lo F1R1 and Lo F2R2) and one pair of shrimp specific primer (16S rRNA). DNA extracted from WSSV infected shrimp were amplified by PCR in a single tube using each of the primer combinations and the thermal cycling conditions as well as reagent compositions were optimized. All the primer combinations yielded their expected band sizes with stronger band resolution intensity that indicated the development of four multiplex PCR protocols. The developed multiplex protocols reduced the chance of cross contamination and these were found to be faster, single step and unique with less effort and resource use. Considering sensitivity and specificity, among the protocols, we suggested the protocols based on 16S rRNA+Lo F1R1 and/or 16S rRNA+Lo F2R2 primer combinations for rapid and routine screening of WSSV in shrimp PL, juvenile and adult.
A flume test of a model net with varying wing-end widths to characterize the performance of shrimp trawl in Kotabaru, Indonesia
Authors: Ahmadi .
Published: May 2022

Shrimp trawl net is the prominent fishing gear that beneficially supports shrimp industries in Kotabaru, Indonesia. However, concurrently local fishermen have no idea how trawl works under towing condition. For this reason, a flume test of a 1/8 scale model net with varying wing-end widths was undertaken. The flow speeds of model were 48, 56, 64, 72, and 80 cm s–1. Meanwhile wing tips distance was set at 46–66% of head-rope length. At a towing speed of 64 cm s–1 (2-knot in full scale), the net height was 12 cm, the projective area of net mouth was 9.16×102 cm2, water filtering volume was 58.44×103 cm3 s–1 and total net resistance was 6.34×102 g. The ratios of net height to net circumference ranged of 0.04–0.08. The net height was 5.5% of net circumference and getting lower at higher towing speeds. The exponent value of 1.40 was smaller than the suggested value (2.0) indicating the shape of net body should be refined by inserting triangle nets between the side net and baiting. Moreover, the length of nets should be afforded to the lacing lines to increase the height of net opening by better distributing the towing forces.
Antibacterial effects of mangrove ethanolic leaf extract against zoonotic fish pathogen Salmonella arizonae
Authors: Limbago Jomel S , Sosas Josette , Gente Angelie A , Maderse Parif , Rocamora Marjorie M , Gomez Dennis K
Published: May 2022

The emergence of multiple drug-resistant pathogens, affecting aquaculture and public health, has put the spotlight on alternative medicine research. This study was conducted to evaluate the In vitro and In vivo antibacterial activity of mangrove ethanolic leaf extract (MLEE) against Salmonella arizonae isolated from Carassius auratus. In vitro, antimicrobial activity of 10 mangrove species and 13 commercial antibiotics were determined using the agar diffusion method. MLEE with the highest antimicrobial activity were subjected to qualitative phytochemical tests and bioassay experiments. In vivo antibacterial activity of MLEE was assessed using C. auratus intraperitoneally injected with S. arizonae. Results showed that Sonneratia alba has the highest antimicrobial activity against S. arizonae followed by Avicennia marina, A. officinalis, Sonneratia ovata, Rhizophora mucronata, Excoecaria agallocha, and Bruguiera cylindrica. However, bacterial isolate was resistant to A. rhumpiana, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, and Laguncularia racemosa.  Interestingly, S. alba has comparable antimicrobial activity with amoxicillin, trimethoprim, novobiocin, and cefixime. The activity of S. alba could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids, saponin, sterols, tannin, and terpenoids. Moreover, S. alba has reduced and delayed the onset of goldfish mortality infected with S. arizonae. Based on these findings, the S. alba MLEE, is a potential antimicrobial resource against S. arizonae.
Freshwater fishes of Orissa, India
Authors: Mogalekar Havagiappa Sharnappa , Canciyal Johnson
Published: May 2022

Varied freshwater resources of Orissa blessed with diverse fish fauna. In total, 186 species of fishes belonging to 11 orders, 33 families and 96 genera were recorded from various freshwater bodies of Orissa. Cypriniformes was the most dominant order and Cyprinidae was diverse family. The trophic level of fishes of Orissa ranged from 2.0 to 4.5 containing 62.41% of carnivorous species. Fishery status revealed existence of 120 species worth for capture fishery, 101 species worth for ornamental fishery, 37 species worth for culture fishery and 25 species worth for sport fishery. Threat status comprises of one Critically Endangered species, five Endangered species, three Vulnerable species and remaining 177 species were Not Threatened. The findings of present communication may serve as baseline information for planning, conservation and management of fish and fisheries resources of Orissa.
Traditional fish processing in Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Taranisen , Mishra Nirlipta , Rahimuddin Shaik , Pradhan Bikram K. , Mohanty Raj B.
Published: May 2022

The present study documents the traditional fish drying techniques used by the fisher folk communities of Bhadrak district, Odisha, India. Information on local knowledge and the use of different fish drying methods within the study area was collected from 72 fisher folk through semi-structured questionnaires, free interviews, informal conversations and direct observations. The results showed that sun drying was the most extensively used method for fish preservation. About 19.4% of the informants preferred to spread the fishes directly on earth, 34.8% on the mat, 5.5% on palm leaves, 29.2 % over bamboo bars and 11.2% followed interlocking of snouts/jaws on bamboo sticks. Almost all the fish drying devices are handmade with bamboo, wooden pole and sometimes nylon threads following traditional technologies. The quality of the dry fish could be improved by educating fishermen on hygiene, sanitation, use of good water quality and raw materials for processing. In this context, the low-cost solar dryer can be constructed by using locally available materials, thus preventing contamination and dependence on weather conditions. The dry fish production can play a crucial role in socio-economic upliftment, employment generation and poverty alleviation particularly to women as they depend on it directly for their livelihoods.
African catfish Clarias gariepinus farming practices in North and South 24 Parganas districts of West Bengal, India
Authors: Abraham Thangapalam Jawahar , Mallick Prakash Kumar , Paul Pradipta
Published: May 2022

Clarias gariepinus is widely cultured due to its tolerance to environmental extremes, high production and good feed conversion rate. This communication describes the farming practices of C. gariepinus in North and South 24 Parganas districts of West Bengal. Clarias gariepinus is cultured in ponds of 0.1–0.75 ha, where fingerlings were stocked at a density of 860–1150 cubic.m–1. The current practices of seed transportation were stressful to fish as the majority of the farmers noticed 5–10% mortalities, despite the use of antibiotics. Acclimatization of seeds was practiced by the majority of farmers before stocking. Different feeds including slaughter-house wastes and dead poultry were supplied. Multiple stocking and harvesting were a common practice. Major problems identified were insufficient feed, disease, transport, poor seed quality and lack of financial support. The survival percentage was poor, as 88% of the farmers recorded <40–50% survival at harvest. Dropsy was the most common disease and had a significant impact on economy. Antibiotics or other aquadrugs were frequently used for treatment, although the success varied. In general, the C. gariepinus farming has helped to recycle the wastes generated in and around metropolitan Kolkata and adjacent municipalities into wealth, but it suffers from management issues and economic losses.
Growth performance, haematology and histopathology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying levels of Aloe barbadensis leaves
Authors: Adegbesan Sherifat Ibidunni , Obasa Samuel Olubodun , Abdulraheem Ikililu
Published: May 2022

One hundred and twenty Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (2.33 ± 0.07 g) were fed with 40% crude protein diets containing three concentrations of Aloe barbadensis leaves-paste: ABL1, 1%; ABL2, 2%; ABL3, 3%, and control, 0% ad libitum twice daily for 12 weeks. Mean weight gain and percentage weight gain increased (P < 0.05) as concentration of A. barbadensis increased. Survival rate decreased as concentration of paste increased. Differences (P < 0.05) seen in packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), and red blood cell (RBC), thus highest in ABL3: PCV (36.67 ± 0.89%), Hb (12.37 ± 0.37 g dl–1) and RBC (3.47 ± 0.08×106 L–1) and lowest in control: PCV (22.0 ± 0.58%), Hb (7.37 ± 0.20 g dl–1) and RBC (2.07 ± 0.06 ×106 L–1). Liver histology of control fish was normal, while fatty degenerations were seen in the treated fish. The histology of fish kidney was normal in all treatments. The study concluded that 1% A. barbadensis leaves-paste could effectively improve growth performance, nutrient utilization and survival of cultured C. gariepinus.
Observation of whale shark Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828 in oceanic waters of the Bay of Bengal, India
Authors: Babu Chelliah , Silambarasan Krishnan , Tiburtius Antony Pillai
Published: May 2022

The present study was based on sighting of whale shark, Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828 on 13th and 14th October 2016 incidentally in oceanic waters of Bay of Bengal at a depth of 3340 and 3270 m. These two sightings were thus confirmed by photographs. Whale sharks were reported in the coastal and near shore regions of India by many of the researchers and this is the first observation of R. typus in oceanic waters of east coast of India.
Exotic fish and decreasing habitats vis-à-vis conservation of freshwater fish biodiversity of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Abdul Gofur , Galib Shams M. , Hasnath Mahabuba , Mia Md. Rubel , Kibria Raihan
Published: May 2022

Multiple stressors including biological invasion have long been recognised in conservation of freshwater fish biodiversity. Works in this line have, however, been still scanty in Asia and South America – the continents known for rich biodiversity. In this study, the first of its type in Bangladesh, impacts of exotic fish and declining habitats on native fishes have been investigated. Regression and correlation analyses of 16 years production data of ponds, practically the only habitat where exotic fish are cultured commonly with indigenous ones, reveals that a maximum of 25% of the abundance decrease of native fish could be due to the effects of five commonly cultured exotic fish. Rest of the decline might largely be due to shrinkage, degradation, and destruction of habitats. Inland habitats other than ponds shrink, commonly, by about 80 % during the dry season, and most rivers are heavily polluted except for the brief mid rainy season. Decline in native fish populations may result in reduced genetic diversity. Another potential danger is the probable genetic introgression from the less fit hatchery-originated fish with the wild ones. The study concludes that the native freshwater fishes are endangered by declining habitats, exotic fishes, genetic consequences of hatchery supplementation
Fish and fishing gears of the Bangkau Swamp, Indonesia
Authors: Irhamsyah . , Ahmadi . , Rusmilyansari .
Published: May 2022

This study contributes to the knowledge of traditional fishing gears and the weight-length relationship of fish species from the Bangkau Swamp, Indonesia. Although the use of fishing gears in Bangkau swamp complies with the local regulation but still, some weaknesses have been identified and the options for improvements are being proposed. The length-weight relationship of three dominant fish species, Channa striata, Trichogaster trichopterus, and T. pectoralis were analyzed. The b values ranged from 1.531 to 2.646, with R2 values ranged from 0.814 to 0.917 indicating negative allometric growth pattern; the species becomes leaner as the length increases. The food availability and temperature may have an effect on the growth pattern since the fishes were sampled in dry season. To the best our knowledge, this study is the first reference on WLR for swamp fish in the Bangkau village.
New record of the flasher scorpionfish, Scorpaenopsis macrochir Ogilby, 1910 (Scorpaeniformes, Scorpaenidae) from Indian waters
Authors: Naranji Muddula Krishna , Velamala Govinda Rao , Kandula Sujatha
Published: May 2022

Based on two specimens of the flasher scorpionfish, species of Scorpaenopsis macrochir Ogilby, 1910 (85-96 mm, TL) collected from the Visakhapatnam coastal waters, India, we described S. macrochir as the new record from Indian waters. This species is characterized by having 12 dorsal spines, medial surface of pectoral fins with a black subterminal band along entire margin of fin; supraorbital spine ending in a single spinous point and unserrated ocular spines. Nasal spines usually divided into two to six small points. The present study describes full description of the species with illustrations.
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from freshwater fishes
Authors: Sarder Halima , Punom Nusrat Jahan , Khan Tahsin , Saha Mihir Lal , Mandal Shankar Chandra , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur
Published: May 2022

Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic microorganism. It is a secondary biological agent that contributes to the occurrence of fish diseases and its deterioration. This research was undertaken to determine the prevalence of A. hydrophila in some freshwater fishes collected from three different fish markets of Dhaka City and to test their antibiotic susceptibility. Total bacterial count and total aeromonas on different aeromonas selective media were enumerated using serial dilution technique. Bacterial isolates were characterized to identify A. hydrophila using biochemical tests and with comparison to reference strain (ATCC 7966). The lowest Aeromonas count was detected to be 2.83±0.40×102 cfu/g in Anabas testudineus and the highest was 1.03±0.153×103 cfu/g in Oreochromis mossambicus. On market basis highest aeromonas count was found in Anando Bazar (8.10±1.09×102 cfu/g) and lowest in Hatirpool Bazar (5.63±0.90×102 cfu/g) with no significant difference. Maximum susceptibility to amikacin and gentamicin was observed whereas all of the isolates were found resistant to a commonly used antibiotic amoxycillin. The obtained results point that antimicrobial susceptibility was more or less similar regardless of the origin of the samples collected. All the fishes investigated in this study contained A. hydrophila in their different organs.