bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-silicoPrediction of the Beta-carboline Alkaloids Harmine and Harmaline as Potent Drug Candidates for the Treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Banerjee Rumpa , Kumar Mukesh , Gaurav Isha , Thakur Sudha , Thakur Abhimanyu , Singh Kunal , Karak Sanchari , Das Rajeswar , Chhabra Mohit
Published: November 2020

Background:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease manifested by core symptoms of loss of motor control and postural instability. Loss of dopaminergic neurons is the cause of PD, thus enhancing dopamine level by pharmacological treatment is one of the key treatment strategies for PD. However, the limitations of current treatment strategies open the possibility of novel drug candidates for the treatment of PD.

Objective:

To investigate the anti-PD potential of Harmine and Harmaline. We aim to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Harmine and Harmaline by in-silico approaches; molecular docking, pharmacokinetic and Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) analysis were used for evaluating the therapeutic potential of Harmine and Harmaline and standard drug levodopa (L-DOPA).

Methods:

Auto dock vina was used for molecular docking of all three compounds against D2- and D3- dopamine receptors. The pharmacokinetics (PKs) and toxicity profile were predicted by pkCSM, and the pharmacological activity was predicted by PASS analysis.

Results:

Molecular docking showed a higher binding affinity of Harmine and Harmaline as compared to L-DOPA, and these results were supported by in-silico pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiling. Moreover, PASS analysis showed anti-PD activity of Harmine and Harmaline.

Conclusion:

Harmine and Harmaline exhibit higher binding affinity towards D2- and D3- dopamine receptors compared to L-DOPA, and PKs and toxicity profile support their potential as drug candidates for PD therapy.
Relationship Among Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in Subjects with Obesity
Authors: Lampignano Luisa , Zupo Roberta , Donghia Rossella , Guerra Vito , Castellana Fabio , Murro Isanna , Di Noia Carmen , Sardone Rodolfo , Giannelli Gianluigi , Triggiani Vincenzo , De Pergola Giovanni
Published: November 2020

Background:

There is moderate-to-high evidence that the Mediterranean diet prevents
increases in body weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals, but less is known
about its effects in overweight and obese subjects. The present study was focused on exploring the
cross-sectional association among the adherence to a Mediterranean diet and the most commonly
used variables of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of overweight subjects from
a typical Mediterranean region, Apulia, in Southern Italy.

Methods:

The study was performed in a cohort of 1214 individuals, all overweight or obese but
with no other clinical condition. We investigated the association with adherence to a Mediterranean
diet, assessed using the PREDIMED score, and anthropometric parameters [namely body mass index
(BMI), WC, waist to height ratio (WHtR) and neck circumference (NC)], fasting serum levels
of glucose, insulin, uric acid and lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL
cholesterol), and blood pressure and insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR.

Results:

The waist to height ratio was negatively associated with a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04),
whereas HDL cholesterol was positively associated with a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04).

Conclusion:

This study suggests that body fat distribution and HDL-cholesterol are the parameters
most strongly influenced by MedDiet in Apulian subjects.
COVID-19 Associated Stress Among Dental Students
Authors: Lingawi Hanadi S. , Afifi Ibtesam K.
Published: November 2020

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the global population to a high risk of infection that constitutes a major stress factor, especially for vulnerable groups such as dental students.

Objective:

To assess levels of COVID-19 related stress and anxiety, changes in hygienic and social habits, as well as subjective worries regarding the dental profession among dental students.

Methods:

A self-structured questionnaire was sent to students at the College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University. It included demographic data, questions about the level of change in personal hygiene and social habits, students’ perception about the sufficiency of information received during the outbreak and its source, subjective worries regarding the dental profession, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. Two hundred fifty-eight responses were received.

Results:

Moderate and severe anxiety were reported in 17% and 4% of students, respectively, with non-significant associations between anxiety and gender or level of study. A high percentage of students (46.5% to 62.4%) reported great change in most hygienic and social habits with a highly significant association between change in buying more sanitizers and anxiety levels. Forty-six percent agreed that their job performance was not at its best, and 31% reported a possible intention to change profession, with the latter reported more by male students (63.8%).

Conclusion:

A considerable percentage of dental students in our college are anxious and changed their hygienic and social habits due to COVID-19. This anxiety reflects worries about the dental profession in one-third of participants that necessitate counselling services and psychological support.
The Effect of an Educational Intervention Performed by Volunteers on Knowledge, Attitude and Modification of Dietary Habits among Women
Authors: Davarani Esmat Rezabeigi , Mohseni Mohabbat , Khanjani Narges , Yazdanpanah Farahnaz , Daneshi Salman , Hushmandi Kiavash , Raei Mehdi
Published: November 2020

Background:

Unhealthy eating habits are an important cause of Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs). One of the most effective methods to prevent these diseases is the use of health education interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational intervention performed by Women Health Volunteers (WHV) on knowledge, attitude, and modification of dietary habits among women in Kerman.

Methods:

This research was a quasi-experimental study performed on 400 women in Kerman. Participants were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected immediately before and 6 weeks after the intervention by a questionnaire, including demographic information and questions related to knowledge, attitude, and dietary habits. Data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon-test in SPSS 24.

Results:

The average age of women was 41.91±12.87 years. Before the intervention, a positive and significant correlation was observed between knowledge and dietary habit (r=0.249) (p<0.001), knowledge and attitude (r=0.249) (p<0.001), and attitude and dietary habits (r=0.264) (P<0.0001). After the intervention, the mean scores of knowledge (p<0.001), attitude (p=0.017) and dietary habits (p<0.001) significantly increased.

Conclusion:

Education provided by WHV was effective in promoting knowledge, and attitude, and in modifying the dietary habits of women. Therefore, the use of local human resources can help improve public health.
Potential of Betanin Natural Dye for Solar Cells Application
Authors: Hamadi Naoufel Ben
Published: November 2020

Background:

A photovoltaic cell, or solar cell, is an electronic component which, exposed
to light, produces electricity due to the photovoltaic effect. Organic photovoltaic cells are
photovoltaic cells, of which at least the active layer consists of organic molecules. It has a yield of
at least 15%. The future prospects of the research for solar cell application have been required for
development in the field.

Objectives:

In this work, we propose this paper to study the potential of purified betanin dye on the
DSSC applications.

Methods:

Extraction was elaborated under sonication conditions (25 kHz, 100 W) for 15 minutes.
Various films of TiO2 with different thicknesses were prepared referring to the doctor blade
method on an FTO glass substrate.

Results:

The increase of the thickness value of dye_TiO2 films induces a hyperchromic shift of the
emission intensity.

Conclusion:

In this work, betanin dye was extracted from mature red fruits of Opuntia ficus indica
and purified with fractional crystallization protocol using an 8:2 (v/v) ratio of ethyl acetate/ethanol.
TiO2_films with different thickness values have been prepared by CV and US sensitization of
TiO2_films using betanin dye proving an enhancement on the uniformity distribution of the dye on
the film in case of the US method. Emission spectra of Dye_TiO2 films have been measured and
show a hyperchromic shift of the emission intensity with the increase of the thickness due to the
augmentation of betanin content. A comparison between the photovoltaic properties of prepared betanin_
DSSC and N719 dye_DSSC reveals that betanin dye could be successfully proposed as a sensitizing
dye in solar cell applications.
Construction of Phylogenetic Tree of Coat Protein Gene Encoded by Begomoviruses to Detect Yellow Mosaic Viruses Infecting Soybean in Satna
Authors: Pandey Jyoti , Garg Rajesh , Waoo Ashwini A.
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

Soybean is an essential legume crop that has grown mainly in Madhya
Pradesh. It supplies over 25% of the vegetable oil requirement of the country and a substantial
quantum of protein-rich by-product for animal feed requirements. Viral diseases caused by Begomoviruses,
it is transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), responsible for yield reduction and economic
losses in soybean production in Madhya Pradesh.

Objective:

The research aimed to detect Begomovirus such as Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India
Virus (MYMIV) in soybean around District Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India, and construct a phylogenetic
tree to study the evolutionary relationship.

Methods:

The disease percentage caused by Begomovirus present in soybean plants was analyzed
using yellowing symptomatic samples in soybean in production areas. DNA isolation was performed
from the collected symptomatic samples showing yellowing by using the CTAB method.
The detection of Begomovirus MYMIV was carried out, encoded by coat protein (CP) genes by using
specific primer-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Evolutionary relationship studies have
been carried out further by constructing a phylogenetic tree with the help of bioinformatics tools.

Results:

Results indicated that the incidence of disease ranged from 68.4-94.8%. An amplified
PCR product with ~510 bp region of coat protein was amplified from infected samples of soybean.
The nucleotide sequences of viral cp shared maximum nucleotide identity (94-99%) with previously
identified Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus strains. The analyzed samples were formed with
separate clusters with Begomoviruses, MYMIV. Infecting legumes indicated that virus related to
the yellow mosaic disease has a close association with MYMIV.

Conclusion:

: All such studies will help support disease observation and control the whitefly Begomovirus
in soybean which is an economically important crop by the implementation of management
programs.
Nuclear Factor-Y (NF-Y), the Key Player in Plant Growth and Development: Prediction and Characterization of Vanilla planifolia
Authors: Arora Saavi , Ghai Devina , Sembi Jaspreet K.
Published: November 2020

Background:

V. planifolia is of tremendous commercial importance as a source of an
important flavor, vanilla, which is the backbone of the culinary and perfumery industry. Hence, efforts
to ease cultivation and promote growth in this plant are the need of the hour. Nuclear factor-Y
(NF-Y) gene family, a class of vital transcription factors, plays a pivotal role in a large number of
developmental processes.

Objectives:

The present study aims to identify and characterize NF-Y gene family in Vanilla planifolia
which would bring insights to their role as key factors promoting growth and development in
this orchid.

Methods:

Physico-chemical characterization, protein structure prediction and interaction, the establishment
of evolutionary relationship and expression profiling were attempted using various in silico
tools.

Results:

Twenty five putative NF-Y members were identified in Vanilla planifolia, which were further
classified into three sub-classes, NF-YA (13), NF-YB (7) and NF-YC (5), on the basis of specific
domains and conserved regions. Prediction of three-dimensional structure was done on the basis
of structural similarity with NF-Y structure templates. Evolutionary analysis of the NF-Ys of
Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa classified these into three major clusters, which indicated
the similarity of functions. Variable expression of VpNF-Y genes confirmed their role in diverse
functions. VpNF-YA genes generally showed higher expression in vegetative tissues, while a few
VpNF-YBs showed seed-specific expression. Protein-protein interaction indicated complex formation
for optimum function.

Conclusions:

This work paves way for further functional characterization of NF-Y genes in Vanilla
planfolia.
The Recent Patents on Design and Investigation of Hydrostatic Spindle
Authors: Li Anling , He Qiang
Published: November 2020

Background:

With the continuous improvement of spindle speed

Objective:

The purpose of this paper is to explore the problem of premature failure of hydraulic dynamic-
static bearing caused by temperature rise and vibration at high speed.

Methods:

The hydraulic dynamic-static spindles are taken as the research objects, and the spindles,
static pressure bearings, and oil system are carried out based on theoretical analysis design. MATLAB
is used to establish the mathematical model of hydraulic dynamic-static bearing, and thus the bearing
gap and the diameter of small holes are determined. ANSYS is used to carry out static and thermodynamic
simulation analysis of the main shaft and dynamic and static pressure bearings. In addition, the
temperature rise, rotation accuracy, and overall vibration, amplitude fluctuation and vibration power of
the spindle system are mainly tested, studied, and analyzed.

Results:

The highest temperature area of hydraulic dynamic-static bearings is mainly distributed around
the oil cavity inside the bearing and the bearing end surface; the speed of the spindle system continues
to increase, the rate of temperature rise accelerates, and the temperature stability range also rises. At the
same time, the vibration frequency is also increasing, and the operation is unstable during the acceleration
process. The rotation frequency of the spindle fluctuates greatly, but the vibration amplitude is
within the accuracy range.

Conclusion:

The obtained parameters will provide references for hydraulic dynamic-static spindle design
and reducing the design cycle.
Highly effective synthesis of dibromide of (+)-(1R, 2R)-and (-)-(1S, 2S) -1,2- diphenyl-1,2-ethylenediammonium (DPEN∙2HBr) assisted by microwave
Authors: Mitte Jeyson Andrés Cortés , Delgado Andrés Felipe Ojeda , Velásquez Luis Alberto Lenis
Published: November 2020

In this work, the chiral salts (R,R)- and (S,S)-dibromide of 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethylenediammonium (R,R)-9 and
(S,S)-9 were synthesized, both by conventional and microwave heating, obtaining yields and optical rotations (c 0.43, H2O)
of 92%, +17.48° and 90%, -17.50°, respectively (conventional heating by 24 h) and 92%, +17.52° and 89%, -17.44°,
respectively (microwave heating by 1.4 h). These compounds were synthesized by means of the racemic intermediate (±)-
iso-amarine (±)-6, leading to the separation of their enantiomers, by fractional optical resolution and using as resolution
agents the enantiomers of (+)-(S)- and (-)-(R)-MA 3. The starting reagents were benzaldehyde and 28-30% NH4OH, which
are economical and commercially affordable. All synthesized compounds were characterized by melting point, solubility,
UV-vis, FT-IR (ATR). Imidazoline (±)-6 and salts (R,R)-9 and (S,S)-9 were additionally characterized by 1H and 13C NMR.
Polarimetry was determined to (R,R)-(+)-6, (S,S)-(-)-6, (S,R,R)-(+)-7, (R,S,S)-(-)-7, (S,S)-(+)-8, (R,R)-(-)-8, (R,R)-(+)-9
and (S,S)-(-)-9 compounds.
Herbal Folklore Medication for Liver Disorders
Authors: Singh Sonia , Bajpai Meenakshi , Mishra Pradeep
Published: November 2020

The liver is one of the most essential and largest organ for numerous biochemical reactions
and metabolism in the human body. The major function of the liver is detoxification of toxic
substances and the production of some important biomolecules. Liver injury or damage may result
from chronic alcohol intake or Hepatitis, a genetic-induced metabolic disease. Many reasons are associated
with liver damage, such as necrosis, fibrosis, increase in the lipid peroxidation of tissue
and decrease in the glutathione level. Naturally occurring antioxidants are present in several components
and are classified as secondary plant metabolites, e.g. polyphenols such as phenolic acids and
flavonoids, and terpenoids such as carotenoids. Consumption of food products containing these
compounds seems to play an important role in prophylaxis against various diseases. Available evidence
indicates that the bioactive components derived from herbs have potential hepatoprotective
agents. Herbal medicines have become more acceptable compared to synthetic drugs since 65% of
patients in European countries depend on herbal remedies for the treatment and prevention of liver
diseases. However, standardisation and pharmaco-vigilance concerning herbal products still lack
evidence to substantiate their effective usage in liver disorders. This brief review has been framed
systematically to collect maximum information of herbs, claiming the treatment of liver diseases,
including their botanical names, traditional uses, and some of their detailed scientific evidence in
various journals. The current literature study may be helpful in the formulation of novel herbal
medicines to treat hepatic disorders.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Scenario, Challenges and Future Perspectives
Authors: Zargar Ovais , Bashir Rohina , Zargar Mohammad Afzal , Hamid Rabia
Published: November 2020

Background:

The new public health emergency of COVID-19 caused by a novel Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which originated in Wuhan, Hubei
province, China in December 2019, evolved into a pandemic in no time and is still in progression.
The novel virus mainly targets the lower respiratory system, leading to viral pneumonia, with other
associated complications of multi organ failure.

Discussion:

The bats, in particular Rhinolophus affinis, is a natural host of SARS-CoV-2 and the
virus is considered to have spread to humans through yet controversial intermediate host pangolins.
The incubation period ranges from 2-14 days and mode of person-to-person transmission is primarily
via the direct contact with the infected person or through the droplets generated by the infected
person during coughing or sneezing. The initiation of the infection process by SARS-CoV-2 virus
is the invasion of lung type II alveolar cells via a receptor protein called angiotensin-converting enzyme
2 (ACE2) present on the cell membrane with glycosylated spike (S) viral protein that mediates
host cell invasion. The main diagnostic tools employed are molecular methods based on nucleic
acid detection engaging real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and a new
immunoassays based on antibodies IgM/IgG.

Conclusion:

Due to the lack of specific clinically approved anticovid-19 drugs or vaccines that
could be used for its prevention or treatment, the current management approach is essentially supportive
and symptomatic. The precautionary measures like, social distancing, cleaning hands with
soap or sanitizers, using disinfectant solutions to decontaminate the surfaces of things and proper
ventilation, wearing masks and other protective gears to curb transmission. The knowledge regarding
COVID-19 therapies is still evolving and collaborative efforts are being put in to discover
definitive therapies on different themes in the form of vaccines, repurposing drugs, RNA interference,
docking studies, etc.
Research of binary neutron star merger phenomenon by high speed sweeping observation
Authors: Shigeyama Toshikazu , Sako Shigeyuki
Published: November 2020

The pursuit of astronomical research has vastly expanded and illuminated our understanding of physics and the laws of the universe. This, in turn, is knowledge useful to a wide range of applications, many that would not have been foreseen in the original research. Astronomy helped create
accurate navigation and mapping whilst technologies developed in the pursuit of the stars can be found in many key, everyday devices. Despite millennia of combing the night skies, there are still many mysteries about the universe that we do not yet understand. Professor Toshikazu Shigeyama
and Associate Professor Shigeyuki Sako based at the Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU) and Institute of Astronomy (IoA), The University of Tokyo, Japan, are two astronomers working to uncover new information about our universe. They have led a team of researchers who were responsible
for creating a new astronomical camera, the Tomo-e Gozen. This device will be capable of helping to shed light on several unknowns through the use of sensors able to capture images much closer together in time than ever before.
CREST project focused on neuromorphic devices and networks
Authors: Inoue Isao H
Published: November 2020

The artificial neural network is a type of electronic circuit modelled after the human brain. It contains thousands of artificial neurons and synapses that, in general, assemble to execute algorithms that can allow the neural network to incorporate a large amount of input data. One
of the algorithms is known as deep learnig (DL), which is a kind of statistical processing to learn and infer several features of the big data while consuming tremendous energy. A team, led by Dr Isao H Inoue of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), is
working on a five-and-a-half-year CREST project until March 2025 to develop a novel neuromorphic architecture that can do the learning and inference without using such an algorithm, thus in low power consumption.
Use of Virtual Reality to Assess Dynamic Posturography and Sensory Organization: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Wittstein Matthew William , Crider Anthony , Mastrocola Samantha , Guerena Gonzalez Mariana
Published: November 2020

Background

The Equitest system (Neurocom) is a computerized dynamic posturography device used by health care providers and clinical researchers to safely test an individual’s postural control. While the Equitest system has evaluative and rehabilitative value, it may be limited owing to its cost, lack of portability, and reliance on only sagittal plane movements. Virtual reality (VR) provides an opportunity to reduce these limitations by providing more mobile and cost-effective tools while also observing a wider array of postural characteristics.

Objective

This study aimed to test the plausibility of using VR as a feasible alternative to the Equitest system for conducting a sensory organization test.

Methods

A convenience sample of 20 college-aged healthy individuals participated in the study. Participants completed the sensory organization test using the Equitest system as well as using a VR environment while standing atop a force plate (Bertec Inc). The Equitest system measures the equilibrium index. During VR trials, the estimated equilibrium index, 95% ellipse area, path length, and anterior-posterior detrended fluctuation analysis scaling exponent alpha were calculated from center of pressure data. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between the equilibrium index and center of pressure–derived balance measures. Intraclass correlations for absolute agreement and consistency were calculated to compare the equilibrium index and estimated equilibrium index.

Results

Intraclass correlations demonstrated moderate consistency and absolute agreement (0.5 < intraclass correlation coefficient < 0.75) between the equilibrium index and estimated equilibrium index from the Equitest and VR sensory organization test (SOT), respectively, in four of six tested conditions. Additionally, weak to moderate correlations between force plate measurements and the equilibrium index were noted in several of the conditions.

Conclusions

This research demonstrated the plausibility of using VR as an alternative method to conduct the SOT. Ongoing development and testing of virtual environments are necessary before employing the technology as a replacement to current clinical tests.
Evaluation of Treatment Descriptions and Alignment With Clinical Guidance of Apps for Depression on App Stores: Systematic Search and Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Bowie-DaBreo Dionne , Sünram-Lea Sandra I , Sas Corina , Iles-Smith Heather
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

The use of apps for the treatment of depression shows great promise. However, there is uncertainty regarding the alignment of publicly available apps for depression with clinical guidance, their treatment fidelity and evidence base, and their overall safety.

OBJECTIVE

Built on previous analyses and reviews, this study aims to explore the treatment and safety issues of publicly available apps for depression.

METHODS

We conducted a content analysis of apps for depression in the 2 main UK app stores (Google Play and Apple App Store). App store listings were analyzed for intervention content, treatment fidelity, and fit with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for the treatment of depression in adults.

RESULTS

A total of 353 apps for depression were included in the review. App descriptions reported the use of 20 treatment approaches and 37 treatment strategies. Many apps used transdiagnostic (155/353, 43.9%) and multitheoretical interventions to treat multiple disorders including depression. Although many interventions appeared to be evidence-informed, there were issues with treatment fidelity, research evidence, and fit with clinical guidelines. None of the apps fully aligned with the NICE guidelines for depression.

CONCLUSIONS

App developers have adopted many evidence-informed treatments in their interventions; however, more work is needed to improve clinical validity, treatment fidelity, and the safety of apps. We urge developers to consult relevant guidelines and standards, and to engage in reflective questioning on treatment and safety to address these issues and to improve treatment content and intervention design.
Usability of Electronic Health Record–Generated Discharge Summaries: Heuristic Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Tremoulet Patrice D , Shah Priyanka D , Acosta Alisha A , Grant Christian W , Kurtz Jon T , Mounas Peter , Kirchhoff Michael , Wade Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Obtaining accurate clinical information about recent acute care visits is extremely important for outpatient providers. However, documents used to communicate this information are often difficult to use. This puts patients at risk of adverse events. Elderly patients who are seen by more providers and have more care transitions are especially vulnerable.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) identify the information about elderly patients’ recent acute care visits needed to coordinate their care, (2) use this information to assess discharge summaries, and (3) provide recommendations to help improve the quality of electronic health record (EHR)–generated discharge summaries, thereby increasing patient safety.

METHODS

A literature review, clinician interviews, and a survey of outpatient providers were used to identify and categorize data needed to coordinate care for recently discharged elderly patients. Based upon those data, 2 guidelines for creating useful discharge summaries were created. The new guidelines, along with 17 previously developed medical documentation usability heuristics, were applied to assess 4 simulated elderly patient discharge summaries.

RESULTS

The initial research effort yielded a list of 29 items that should always be included in elderly patient discharge summaries and a list of 7 “helpful, but not always necessary” items. Evaluation of 4 deidentified elderly patient discharge summaries revealed that none of the documents contained all 36 necessary items; between 14 and 18 were missing. The documents each had several other issues, and they differed significantly in organization, layout, and formatting.

CONCLUSIONS

Variations in content and structure of discharge summaries in the United States make them unnecessarily difficult to use. Standardization would benefit both patients, by lowering the risk of care transition–related adverse events, and outpatient providers, by helping reduce frustration that can contribute to burnout. In the short term, acute care providers can help improve the quality of their discharge summaries by working with EHR vendors to follow recommendations based upon this study. Meanwhile, additional human factors work should determine the most effective way to organize and present information in discharge summaries, to facilitate effective standardization.
Age-Specific Analysis of Injury; In Between Youth and Old, Late Middle Ages Increases Injury Vulnerability (Preprint)
Authors: Chang Hansol , Min Ji Young , Yoo Dajeong , Hwang Sung Yeon , Yoon Hee , Cha Won Chul , Shin Tae Gun , Kim Taerim
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Injury is a leading cause of both mortality and moderate and severe disability. Injury is preventable, and there had been many injury prevention strategies in the past. Age is one factor that affects injury characteristics.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the national prevalence of injury by age groups to probe new injury prevention strategies.

METHODS

This data was collected retrospectively from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) in South Korea, including patient data who visit 25 emergency departments between January 2011 and December 2017. Patients were divided into four groups by age: 18 to 34 years as group 1; 35 to 49 years, group 2; 50 to 64 years, group 3; 65 years and over, group 4.

RESULTS

A total of 1,221,746 patients were included, and each age group had a different injury pattern. Group 3 injury outcomes and injured body parts are similar to Group 4. This is why old age injury prevention strategies should be devised right from middle age and not after old age. Interestingly, in our study, Group 4 and Group 1 both were unlikely to have worn seatbelt when traffic injury occurred, which is different compared to other country studies.

CONCLUSIONS

In our study, each age group shows diverse characteristics in the mode of injury, place, time, and outcome and Group3, which represents late middle age, shows increased vulnerability. Therefore, it is imperative that all age groups have their own injury prevention method and more caution is needed in late middle age injury.

CLINICALTRIAL

This data was collected retrospectively from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) in South Korea.This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Samsung Medical Center, IRB No. 2020-05-042.
BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF MICROBES IN AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A REVIEW
Authors: KALSOOM MARIA , UR REHMAN FAZAL , SHAFIQUE TALHA , JUNAID SANWAL , KHALID NIMRA , ADNAN MUHAMMAD , ZAFAR IRFAN , ABDULLAH TARIQ MUHAMMAD , RAZA MUHAMMAD ADNAN , ZAHRA AMBER , ALI HUSNAIN
Published: November 2020

Biotechnology is the most prominent and rapidly growing segment of the biological sciences that is making its diversified application in sustainable agriculture. Biofertilizers, biopesticides, bioherbicides, bioinsecticides, and many of the other fungal based and viral based insecticides, obtained using microorganisms, are some of the outcomes of biotechnology playing a key role in sustainable agriculture. Many of other important food products are also obtained by microbial fermentation. Different microbes are added to get the desired effect of food at the specific stages of food production process. Pharmaceutical microbiology includes the manufacturing of different pharmaceutical and medicinal products. This review article has a wide overview of microbes mainly used in agriculture, food industries, and pharmaceutical industries.
The Impact of Trauma Exposure: Vicarious Traumatization and Posttraumatic Growth among Counselor Trainees
Authors:   Ohio University, Foreman Tamarine , Tangen Jodi , Fickling Melissa , Wester Kelly
Published: November 2020

Trauma is an endemic concern among counselors, and its presence may impact counselor trainees differently than seasoned counselors. Using consensual qualitative research, we explored the professional development of counselor trainees’ and how providing counseling to clients who had experienced trauma impacted them personally and professionally. We outline nine domains gleamed from interviews that include elements of vicarious traumatization and posttraumatic growth, and include implications for counselor education, supervision, and research.
Cultura de seguridad de pacientes en profesionales de la salud en instituciones hospitalarias de Río Gallegos: Cultura de seguridad del adulto mayor
Authors: Perez Gabriela Bettina
Published: November 2020

Dado el progresivo envejecimiento  poblacional, los sistemas sanitarios deberán implementar políticas para una  atención segura y de calidad. La  propuesta de este trabajo es reflexionar y analizar la seguridad del paciente a través de los profesionales de la salud en dos Hospitales de la ciudad de Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz. Se presenta un diseño metodológico para la aplicación de un instrumento ya validado, versión traducida al español del cuestionario Hospital Surveyon Patient safety culture.
La Agricultura familiar en Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina: Caracterización de los núcleos agrícolas familiares
Authors: Birgi Jorge Alberto , Peri Pablo Luis , Ceconello Marcos Mauricio , Gargaglione Verónica Beatriz
Published: November 2020

La agricultura familiar abarca a un grupo grande de personas que tienen distintos orígenes y una amplia diversidad cultural, pero que mantienen en común la producción de alimentos como forma de vida. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar a la agricultura familiar de la provincia de Santa Cruz, determinando aspectos cualitativos, productivos y condiciones de producción de los núcleos de agricultura familiar. Se estudió el sector agrícola familiar de la provincia utilizando como base el análisis de 258 planillas del Registro Nacional de Agricultura Familiar relevadas durante los años 2014-2016. De dicho análisis surge que el tamaño medio de los predios en Santa Cruz es de 5 ha, se dedican principalmente  a la agricultura y a la producción pecuaria, con predominio de la avicultura. En general, los productores realizan diversas actividades productivas en simultáneo. Se destaca por superficie implantada, la producción de forrajes, frutales, frutas finas y hortícolas de hoja. El presente trabajo es el primero en visibilizar numerosos aspectos de la agricultura familiar en Santa Cruz y presenta información inédita acerca de los núcleos de agricultura familiar en la provincia, contemplando a muchos productores que no figuran como tales en otros relevamientos como ser el Censo Agropecuario Nacional. Contar con este tipo de información resulta fundamental para las instituciones y los diversos actores sociales a fin de de monitorear su evolución en el tiempo y desarrollar políticas para su desarrollo y fortalecimiento.
Perfil epidemiológico de las enfermeras Adultas Mayores jubiladas de Rio Gallegos. Percepción de Salud y su relación con la polifarmacia
Authors: Crotti Pablo , Ojeda Sara , Ivanissevich María Laura
Published: November 2020

El estudio de la auto-percepción de la salud que tienen las enfermeras jubiladas Adultas Mayores (AM) de Río Gallegos reveló que el perfil epidemiológico en referencia a las enfermedades crónicas, es coincidente con las estadísticas nacionales de salud; más del cincuenta por ciento indicó padecer alteraciones cardiovasculares y osteo-musculares y aun así perciben su salud como muy buena. Han mostrado un estilo saludable en el manejo y administración de los fármacos en relación a enfermedades crónicas y tratamiento médico, y la polifarmacia no se ha revelado como un problema en esta población.
El método en derecho constitucional comparado: contribuciones críticas para una metodología constitucional comparativa
Authors: Teixeira Anderson Vichinkeski
Published: November 2020

Hace más de un siglo el recurso al derecho comparado surgió en diferentes ámbitos del pensamiento jurídico y en varios países occidentales. No obstante, en el derecho constitucional es una actividad más característica del período posterior a la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Con la pretensión de contribuir, aun cuando sea en mínimo grado, a la superación de esta historia de interconexiones limitadas entre el derecho comparado y el constitucional, en el presente artículo nos proponemos analizar la función del método en el derecho constitucional comparado, con especial énfasis en la hipótesis teórica de la viabilidad de una esquematización epistemológica de las categorías que podrían componer lo que se denominará metodología constitucional comparativa. Así, debemos reconstruir el origen del derecho constitucional comparado, sus objetivos y la importancia del problema en cualquier investigación constitucional comparativa, una vez que su autonomía epistemológica, especialmente en relación con el derecho constitucional positivo, se constituye como suposición teórica de la proposición que será defendida aquí.
El derecho de las mujeres en el encuentro entre el derecho internacional y la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH)
Authors: Saldanha Jânia , Limberger Têmis
Published: November 2020

El artículo presenta un análisis respecto de la protección internacional dada a las mujeres en vista de su desigualdad desde el enfoque de las capacidades y la protección de los derechos de las mujeres en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. El trabajo ha quedado estructurado en dos partes, cada una de las cuales presenta consideraciones sobre los documentos encontrados en la pesquisa documental y exploratoria. Como conclusión, se sostiene que, aun cuando se pueda decir que se han logrado avances normativos y jurisprudenciales, la persistencia de las violaciones atroces todavía practicadas contra las mujeres alrededor del globo, en general y, en particular, en América Latina, resulta en un delicado cuadro de desigualdad y vulnerabilidad evidenciado en esos países.
Identidad etnorracial e interseccionalidad: un derecho de la antidiscriminación bajo una perspectiva descolonizante
Authors: Vernes-Pinto Rodrigo da Silva
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo ayudar a comprender la identidad etnorracial en relación con los contextos de discriminación (múltiple, interseccional e institucional) basados en la raza y sus implicaciones para la ley contra la discriminación. El enfoque de la cuestión de la discriminación racial se refiere a una serie de percepciones, ya que el término raza se deriva de la lucha constante y la controversia en el marco de las relaciones sociales, políticas y legales en América Latina. De hecho, un derecho de no discriminación desde una perspectiva descolonizante está atento al principio de igualdad y procura aproximar las demandas históricas de los subordinados y estigmatizados, especialmente frente a la herencia esclavista latina. El análisis de los problemas de identidad sirve para dilucidar situaciones discriminatorias complejas que se insertan en escenarios cuyas estructuras refuerzan la subordinación de los afrodescendientes, siendo una forma de eliminar las restricciones a los derechos. Se acudió a una metodología cualitativa y a la recopilación de datos a través de la investigación bibliográfica en libros, artículos científicos y sitios web para profundizar el conocimiento sobre el problema.
Credit risk management and profitability: empirical evidence on Ethiopian commercial banks
Authors: Kidane Shibiru Tade
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of credit risk management on the profitability commercial banks in Ethiopia. Secondary data was gathered from National Bank of Ethiopia for ten year periods (2010-2019). The study adopted Correlation analysis and fixed effect Model. Return on Asset was used to measure profitability of commercial banks, bank specific factors(Capital adequacy, Loan and Advances to total deposit, Non- Performing Loans, Bank size and Liquidity and macroeconomic factors (Inflation and Gross Domestic Product) as indicators of credit risk management. The findings showed that Credit Risk Management in terms of bank specific and macroeconomic factors has significant impact on profitability of commercial banks in Ethiopia. Also the result displayed that profitability of commercial banks is not affected by the amount of non- performing loans during the study. The study recommended that banks’ credit risk management should not give due devotion only to the internal factors  but also to external factors exclusively (Gross Domestic Product and Inflation) in order to minimize their negative impact on profitability of commercial banks in Ethiopia
SPEECH ACT ANALYSIS OF DR. ZAKIR NAIK’S SPEECH ON YOUTUBE CHANNEL ENTITLED: DOES GOD EXIST
Authors: Alawiyah Nurbaeti , Santoso Iman
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to explore and identifying speech acts uttered by Dr. Zakir Naik in his standing dawah on the youtube channel entitled: Does God Exist. The research shows that factors of situation, place, topic, speaker, and context play an important role in analyzing speech act. The form of the speech has a representational function to inform and invite people. In this study, researchers used descriptive qualitative methods. The collect data, the writers used several steps. First, download the video on the internet. Second, transcript the dialogues into the texts. Third, reading the conversation texts. After that, identifying the sentences of Dr. Zakir Naik's speech. Then, counting the sentences includes a speech. And the last, describing the reason why the sentences include speech act. In which researchers examined naturally in every speech act that occurred in the theory stated by Yule (1996) in his theory about the types of speech acts divided into representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. In this study, the researchers found 13 utterances as a representative, 7 utterances as a directive, 2 utterances as a commissive, 2 utterances as a declarative, and not found expressive contained in the speech Dr. Zakir Naik's entitled: Does God Exist.
Microorganisms in the Clouds of Venus
Authors:   Deceased, 2001, Hoyle Fred , Wickramasinghe Chandra ,   University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK; Centre for Astrobiology, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka; National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
Published: November 2020

The beginnings of a theory of Venusian aerobiology were developed by us as early as 1982 and published in a monograph from which an extract is reproduced here. The reprinted form of this material with new annotations would be of use to modern investigators who are revisiting these ideas.
2020 Stimulus Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act: Comparative Analysis of President Roosevelt’s New Deal Programs and President Obama’s American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
Authors: Osho Gbolahan Solomon , Adams Michael , Coleman Quonna , Uwakonye Matthew
Published: November 2020

America is facing an economic disaster and is in need of federal relief to remain leading nation. Is America currently facing another Great Depression? In the 1930s the United States suffered from an economy downturn; the stock market crashed, spending declined, there was a drop in production, jobs were lost, bills went unpaid, and the market for produce reduced. President Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented the New Deal Programs to recover the economic damage of the United States. President Barack Obama inherited a stressed economy from former President George W. Bush with a national debt of $10.627 trillion. As President Roosevelt once did, President Obama is now working toward a plan to recover the damaged United States economy? The uncontainable depression later referred to as the Great Depression attacked the economy of the United States. In 2007 the United States began to take an economy downtown again. President Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented the New Deal Programs to recover the economic damage of the United States. President Barack Obama inherited a stressed economy from former President George W. Bush with a national debt of $10.627 trillion.
The Determinants of Rural Household Food Consumption Expenditure in Lesotho: Impact of Off-farm Income
Authors: Tingum Ernest Ngeh , Kuponiyi Ademola
Published: November 2020

Most smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan African need to diversify into nonfarm/off-farm income generating activities in order to ensure household food security through optimum consumption expenditure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of off-farm income on rural household food consumption expenditure in Lesotho, using secondary data from a comprehensive and representative Household Budget Survey of 2017. The survey design for data collection adopted a two stage stratified sampling procedure. The analysis used two econometric models. The OLS regressions were employed to identify important determinants of household food consumption expenditure and Instrumental Variable (IV) approach was employed to account for endogeneity issues. The results revealed a consistent positive and significant effect of off-farm income on household food consumption expenditure across all models. Household size, transfers and remittances were found to increase household food consumption expenditure significantly and positively. Government is advised to encourage and improve conditions under which rural smallholder farmers could participate in off-farm income generating activities.
The Multiple Meanings of Jatio Sangsad Bhaban
Authors: Choudhury Bayezid Ismail , Armstrong Peter
Published: November 2020

Jatio Sangsad Bhaban, the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, is an iconic building and architectural landmark designed by American architect Louis I. Kahn. Jatio Sangsad Bhaban was constructed between 1962 and 1983 and is located in the heart of Dhaka, the nation’s capital. The extant literature on Louis I. Kahn’s work suggests that Jatio Sangsad Bhaban is a significant architectural masterpiece. One of its most notable features is its architectonic quality, providing it with the grandeur of a modern monumental building. In this context, this paper aims to examine the underlying multiple meanings, that is, socio-political, cultural, historic and philosophical meanings of the Jatio Sangsad Bhaban building  By constructing and summarising meanings, rather than exploring the physical building itself, this paper supports the notion of multidimensional perspectives  of monumental architecture. —The multiple meanings of icoic architecture through  the lens of societal issues has been endorsed by many architectural critic. Accordingly, this paper considers the cultural, political, ethical and historical meanings of Jatio Sangsad Bhaban. Revealing and summarising other aspects apart from its architectonic dimensions is a new approach to understanding a widely acclaimed iconic building like Jatio Sangsad Bhaban