bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Victimization: Does Risky Lifestyle Matter?
Authors: Azimi Andia M. , Daigle Leah E.
Published: August 2017

Research shows that individuals with mental health problems are at an increased risk of victimization compared with individuals without such problems, and certain mental health problems are linked with particular types of victimization. Although most research has not used theory to guide why these differential risks exist, researchers have begun to theorize the reasons why individuals with mental health problems experience victimization. In line with these recent inquiries, the present study uses a Lifestyle/Routine Activities perspective to examine the victimization of people with mental health problems. Further, different types of mental health problems are explored for their potential links to victimization. Risky lifestyle factors are also explored for their potential mediating role in the link between mental health and victimization. A path analysis is conducted with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Results suggest that different mental health problems have differing links to victimization types, and lifestyle factors mediate the link for some forms of victimization. The findings imply that certain lifestyle factors explain victimization risk among people with mental health problems, but these individuals may also have unique risk factors related to mental health. Policy implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Improving Preservice Teacher Vocabulary Instruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Alves Kat D. , Kennedy Michael J. , Kellems Ryan O. , Wexler Jade , Rodgers Wendy J. , Romig John Elwood , Peeples Katherine N.
Published: August 2017

General and special education teachers need to have an understanding of effective practices for providing vocabulary instruction to students with and without disabilities across grade levels and content areas. Preservice teachers in this study ( N = 121) received training in evidence-based practices for vocabulary instruction via a series of three training modules. They then completed one of two practice conditions—creating a multimedia product to teach a vocabulary word or completing a non-multimedia learning task during class. The two practice conditions resulted in similar gains on the knowledge measure, but the group that created the multimedia product significantly outperformed the group that completed the non-multimedia task in a demonstration of instruction. Implications for teacher education are discussed.
Providing Antismoking Socialization to Children After Quitting Smoking: Does It Help Parents Stay Quit?
Authors: Hayes Kim A. , Jackson Christine , Dickinson Denise M. , Miller Audra L.
Published: August 2017

Purpose:

To test whether an antismoking parenting program provided to parents who had quit smoking for ≥24 hours increased parents’ likelihood of remaining abstinent 2 and 3 years postbaseline.

Design:

Two-group randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up.

Setting:

Eleven states (Colorado, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, and Vermont).

Participants:

Five hundred seventy-seven adults (286 treatment and 291 control) who had smoked ≥10 cigarettes daily at baseline, had quit smoking for ≥24 hours after calling a Quitline, and were parents of an 8- to 10-year-old child; 358 (62%) completed the 2-year follow-up interview, and 304 (53%) completed the 3-year follow-up interview.

Intervention:

Theory-driven, home-based, self-help parenting program.

Measures:

Sociodemographic, smoking history, and 30-day point prevalence.

Analysis:

Multivariable regression analyses tested for group differences in 30-day abstinence. Attriters were coded as having relapsed.

Results:

Between-group differences in abstinence rates were 5.6% and 5.9% at 2 and 3 years, respectively. Treatment group parents had greater odds of abstinence, an effect that was significant only at the latter time point (odds ratio [OR] = 1.49, P = .075 at 2 years; OR = 1.70, P = .026 at 3 years).

Conclusions:

This study obtained preliminary evidence that engaging parents who recently quit smoking as agents of antismoking socialization of children has the potential to reduce the long-term odds of relapse.
Confined to Care: Girls’ Gendered Vulnerabilities in Secure Institutions
Authors: Henriksen Ann-Karina
Published: August 2017

In Denmark, secure care institutions are gender-integrated and accommodate young people with a wide range of psychiatric and social troubles. The large majority of young people are placed here in surrogate custody, and a minority, mostly girls, are placed here in protective care. Based on a qualitative study of gendered practices and experiences in Danish secure care institutions, this article provides insight into how gender and pathology merge to produce vulnerabilities in care. The study finds that while girls are viewed through a lens of pathology, secure care practices largely fail to provide treatment for girls. Drawing on feminist scholarship on penal–welfare responses to women, I argue that institutional practices contribute to the production of disordered selves and the marginalization of girls in secure care. This demonstrates how welfare provision for the most marginalized girls reproduces and reinforces the inequalities that brought them into secure care. The study hereby supplements an emerging scholarship on how gender underpins penal–welfare responses and interventions.
Fashion City: Diasporic Connections and Garment Industrial Histories Between the US and Asia
Authors: Moon Christina H.
Published: August 2017

This article explores how fashion is key to understanding the material legacies of urban development across East Asia, New York, and Los Angeles. Here, fashion is not just a material object, but a historical set of practices, relations, and migrant narratives. Fashion’s postcolonial legacies and diasporic connections have played a significant role in the development of industrial districts, special economic zones, and knowledge clusters across the Pacific. Likewise, fashion workers and designers continue to shape new urban geographies that stretch across and connect the US and Asia. Drawing upon ethnographic multi-sited fieldwork, and auto-ethnographic reflection, this article examines how the interplay between these industrial histories in garments, markets, labor and design, is shaped by both trans-Pacific and inter-Asian diasporic connections (across New York, LA, Seoul, Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai): connections that are vital for understanding the urbanization of contemporary fashion economies across the US and Asia.
Generation of synthetic surface electromyography signals under fatigue conditions for varying force inputs using feedback control algorithm
Authors: Venugopal G , Deepak P , Ghosh Diptasree M , Ramakrishnan S
Published: August 2017

Surface electromyography is a non-invasive technique used for recording the electrical activity of neuromuscular systems. These signals are random, complex and multi-component. There are several techniques to extract information about the force exerted by muscles during any activity. This work attempts to generate surface electromyography signals for various magnitudes of force under isometric non-fatigue and fatigue conditions using a feedback model. The model is based on existing current distribution, volume conductor relations, the feedback control algorithm for rate coding and generation of firing pattern. The result shows that synthetic surface electromyography signals are highly complex in both non-fatigue and fatigue conditions. Furthermore, surface electromyography signals have higher amplitude and lower frequency under fatigue condition. This model can be used to study the influence of various signal parameters under fatigue and non-fatigue conditions.
Memes as reasonably hostile laments: A discourse analysis of political dissent in Oman
Authors: Al Zidjaly Najma
Published: August 2017

In this article, I investigate how political dissent is linguistically constructed and mitigated in memes that are circulated nationally on WhatsApp in Oman. I do so by drawing upon insights from relational approaches to face, the theorization of communicative strategies as polysemous and ambiguous, and research pertaining to the Islamic practice of lamenting. The data consist of a representative set of memes collected in the summer and fall of 2015 as part of an ethnographic project on social media and Arab identity. I theorize memes as cultural tools that take the form of ‘reasonably hostile’ lament-narratives, which enable citizens in Oman to engage in democracy while saving face. To create lament-memes that voice dissent while mitigating face-attacks, Omanis draw upon various communicative strategies: They use repetition, code choice, hashtags, and different genres; they juxtapose emojis with text; and they manipulate the production and participation frameworks of texts. Collectively, these strategies, which function via intertextuality, allow the concerns to be aired, but indirectly and playfully. The article demonstrates how political dissent is negotiated and mitigated through memes, the agency of social media users, and the validity of conceptualizing memes as cultural tools.
Assessing Parliament of Zimbabwe’s informatics database as a tool for providing evidence-based information for decision making
Authors: Munyoro Isaiah
Published: August 2017

The application of information and communication technologies to parliamentary activities is growing. Informatics databases represent a growing trend used for gathering, collation, processing, storage and dissemination of parliamentary information to Members of Parliament, parliamentary staff and the general public. Many parliaments are moving forward, assisted by development partners to implement informatics projects from constituency level where the public can access information manually or electronically through parliament itself. The purpose of this article was to assess Parliament of Zimbabwe’s informatics database in providing evidence-based information for decision making. This is achieved by sampling 25 Members of Parliament and 25 Office Assistants from constituencies, and Parliament staff as important respondents. The instruments of data collection were questionnaires, interview schedules and analysis of documents. Findings revealed that constituents were the largest beneficiaries, followed by the education sector, and Members of Parliament. Data also showed that Members of Parliament improved their knowledge and participation in parliamentary activities based on real facts from the informatics data base. The study identified challenges affecting the informatics database. Results recommend that resources be provided for information and communication technology equipment, staff should be trained and an online informatics database be implemented.
Absorptive Capacity, Innovativeness and the Performance of Micro-enterprises in Malaysia
Authors: Mamun Abdullah Al , Muhammad Nik Maheran Nik , Ismail Mohammad Bin
Published: August 2017

This study examines the effect of the entrepreneur’s innovativeness and absorptive capacity on micro-enterprise innovativeness and the performance of micro-enterprises owned and managed by women micro-entrepreneurs in Peninsular Malaysia. This study adopted a cross-sectional design and stratified sampling methods, and collected complete data from 417 micro-entrepreneurs. Findings of this study reveal that women micro-entrepreneurs’ innovativeness and absorptive capacity have a significant positive effect on micro-enterprise innovativeness and the performance of micro-enterprises. The development programmes and policies on innovation and SMEs should therefore emphasize on promoting innovativeness and improving the absorptive capacity among the women micro-entrepreneurs to improve the performance of micro-enterprises.
Shradhanjali.com: New Address for Memories of Our Ancestors
Authors: Ghura Amarpreet Singh , Abhishek
Published: August 2017

This case is about Vivek Vyas and Vimal Popat who have conceived an idea to start an online obituary advertising platform. It describes the situation faced by Vyas and Popat who face different options for starting an online obituary advertisement platform. The purpose of this case is to provide an opportunity for stepping into the shoes of Vyas and Popat and explore the best possible option for offering an alternate solution to print obituary advertisement. The case provides the context for students to examine alternate options for the print obituary advertisement amidst lack of entrepreneurial experience of Vyas and Popat.
Four Rationales of HE Internationalization: Perspectives of U.K. Universities on Attracting Students From Former Soviet Countries
Authors: Chankseliani Maia
Published: August 2017

In the context marked by increasing competition between nation-states and universities, expanding individualization, growing influence of nonstate actors, and the new reality of Brexit, this study uses narrative and numeric data to explore the rationales of U.K. higher education (HE) internationalization, specifically motives of attracting students from Eastern Europe, Russia, Caucasus, and Central Asia to the United Kingdom. Among four main rationales of international student recruitment, economic rationale emerged as the most decisive. Interviewed international/admissions officers viewed student mobility from this region as an expression of socioeconomic transformation in sending countries as well as political and strategic priorities in the United Kingdom. They referred to the economic situation in the region, the development of the HE sector within the source countries, the U.K. government discourse on migration, and universities’ own strategic planning as four main issues that can influence future trends of student mobility from this region to the United Kingdom.
Thromboembolic and Major Bleeding Events With Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin Use in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Russo-Alvarez Giavanna , Martinez Kathryn A. , Valente Megan , Bena James , Hu Bo , Luxenburg Jennifer , Chaitoff Alexander , Ituarte Catherine , Brateanu Andrei , Rothberg Michael B.
Published: August 2017

Background: Although randomized trials demonstrate the noninferiority of rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in the context of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), little is known about how these drugs compare in practice. Objective: To assess the relative effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in a large health system and to evaluate this association by time in therapeutic range (TTR). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with propensity matching in the Cleveland Clinic Health System. The study included patients initiated on warfarin or rivaroxaban for thromboembolic prevention in nonvalvular AF between January 2012 and July 2016. The main outcomes were thromboembolic events and major bleeds. Analyses were stratified by warfarin patients’ TTR. Results: The cohort consisted of 472 propensity-matched pairs. The mean age was 73.6 years (SD = 11.7), and the mean CHADS2score was 1.8. The median TTR for warfarin patients was 64%. In the propensity-matched analysis, there was no significant difference in thromboembolic or major bleeding events between groups. Among warfarin patients with a TTR <64% and their matched rivaroxaban pairs, there was also no significant difference in thromboembolic or major bleeding events. Conclusions: Under real-world conditions, warfarin and rivaroxaban were associated with similar safety and effectiveness, even among those with suboptimal therapeutic control. Individualized decision making, taking into account the nontherapeutic tradeoffs associated with these medications (eg, monitoring, half-life, cost) is warranted.
How Nonpartisan Ballot Design Conceals Partisanship: A Survey Experiment of School Board Members in Two States
Authors: Crawford Evan
Published: August 2017

Studies suggest that between one-fourth and one-third of localities elect their leaders on partisan ballots. Does the presence of a party label on the ballot affect the level of partisanship in local office? I leverage the fact that within select states, school boards vary as to whether their members are elected on partisan or nonpartisan ballots. Do the differences in policy preferences between Democrats and Republicans differ across these ballot contexts? Does a party cue treatment, where respondents are reminded of the general policy positions of both parties, differentially affect elected officials in different ballot contexts? Evidence from the survey reveals a group of “polarized nonpartisans” who tend to express more partisan views about public policy than their co-partisans elected in an explicitly partisan system. At the same time, providing party cues in policy debates disproportionately moves those elected on partisan ballots as opposed to nonpartisan ones. That partisan-elected officials are more influenced by party cues appears to validate the motivations of nonpartisan reformers, yet the “polarized nonpartisans” found in the control group should give those reformers pause and reveals the need for continued research into the behavioral consequences of nonpartisan ballots.
Russian Journalism Education: Challenging Media Change and Educational Reform
Authors: Vartanova Elena , Lukina Maria
Published: August 2017

The article presents a general picture of higher education institutions offering journalism undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs located in different parts of the Russian Federation. Monitoring websites of all the universities with journalism education discovered 150 such institutions. They are unevenly dispersed around the country, but represent a unified system financially supported and quality controlled by the government. Educational institutions mainly in state-owned but also private universities teach future journalists at undergraduate as well as graduate levels following international degree systems. Training is mainly in Russian but also in several national languages enhancing cultural pluralism. The article also discusses media revolution that is challenging journalism education in diverse market conditions.
A Political Ecology of Exurbia in the Sunbelt: Lessons from an Award-Winning, “Unworkable” Plan
Authors: Linkous Evangeline R.
Published: August 2017

Sarasota County, Florida’s award-winning Sarasota 2050 plan established the county as a leader in smart growth. The plan promotes a system of clustered development and open space as an alternative to sprawl beyond Sarasota’s growth boundary. Although adopted in 2002, by 2011, no projects had broken ground under the plan, which critics deemed “unworkable.” This article presents a case study of exurban political ecology in Sarasota to provide insight into the derailment of a promising strategy for managing exurban growth. Sarasota 2050’s policies were undermined by extra-local factors, including the recession and reduced state oversight of planning, and by incompatible policy agendas pursued by local interest groups. Also problematic was the plan’s cluster approach—a spatial strategy that rationalizes large landowner, planning, and conservation interests, but does little to address rural restructuring. The case points to the need for new planning strategies that mediate competing interests in exurbia.
Male and Female Single-Victim Sexual Homicide Offenders: Distinguishing the Types of Weapons Used in Killing Their Victims
Authors: Chan Heng Choon (Oliver) , Heide Kathleen M. , Beauregard Eric
Published: August 2017

Most studies have focused on male sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) without testing whether sex differences exist. Accordingly, little is known about the distinctions between male and female SHOs, particularly with respect to their use of weapons in killing their victims. This study used a sample of 3,160 single-victim sexual homicide cases (3,009 male and 151 female offenders) from the U.S. Supplementary Homicide Reports database to explore sex differences in the types of murder weapons used by offenders in killing victims over the 37-year period 1976 to 2012. Findings indicated that significantly more male SHOs used personal weapons (43%) and more female SHOs used firearms (63%) in their offense commission. In general, female offenders predominantly used weapons that were physically less demanding (e.g., firearms and edged and other weapons; 89%). Different trends in the murder weapons used by male and female SHOs from different age groups were observed. Interestingly, findings showed that the type of weapon used by SHOs was in part influenced by the victims and their characteristics.
Debonded arc-shaped interface anticracks
Authors: Wang Xu
Published: August 2017

We analytically investigate a debonded arc-shaped anticrack lying on the interface between a circular elastic inhomogeneity and an infinite matrix when subjected to uniform remote in-plane stresses. One side of the anticrack is perfectly bonded to either the inhomogeneity or the matrix, whereas its other side has become fully debonded. Through the introduction of two sectionally holomorphic functions, the problem is reduced to a non-homogeneous Riemann–Hilbert problem of vector form that can be solved through a decoupling procedure and through evaluation of the Cauchy integrals. Solutions to both the non-degenerate case of distinct eigenvalues and the degenerate case of identical eigenvalues are derived.
Institutionalization as Path to Autonomy: An Anarchist Social Center in Brighton
Authors: Dee E. T. C.
Published: August 2017

A common view in social movement theory is that institutionalization signals the decline and possibly the end of a radical social movement. To put it in a nutshell, having arisen spontaneously as the result of a combination of factors, a movement gathers steam and puts people on the street in protests and demonstrations, before consolidating power and solidifying the raw energy into organizations which can better negotiate with established actors. In studying the Cowley Club, an anarchist social center in Brighton, England, which is cooperatively owned by its members, I interrogate the notion that institutionalization necessarily signifies decay and a shift into conformity. In doing so, I draw on a small but growing field of research analyzing squatters’ movements in Western Europe and also refer to the activist debate which occurred when the Cowley Club was set up.
Defining active progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Sellebjerg Finn , Börnsen Lars , Ammitzbøll Cecilie , Nielsen Jørgen Erik , Vinther-Jensen Tua , Hjermind Lena Elisabeth , von Essen Marina , Ratzer Rikke Lenhard , Soelberg Sørensen Per , Romme Christensen Jeppe
Published: August 2017

Background:

It is unknown whether disease activity according to consensus criteria (magnetic resonance imaging activity or clinical relapses) associate with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective:

To compare CSF biomarkers in active and inactive progressive MS according to consensus criteria.

Methods:

Neurofilament light chain (NFL), myelin basic protein (MBP), IgG-index, chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), chemokine CXCL13, terminal complement complex, leukocyte counts and nitric oxide metabolites were measured in primary ( n = 26) and secondary progressive MS ( n = 26) and healthy controls ( n = 24).

Results:

Progressive MS patients had higher CSF cell counts, IgG-index, CHI3L1, MMP-9, CXCL13, NFL and MBP concentrations. Active patients were younger and had higher NFL, CXCL13 and MMP-9 concentrations than inactive patients. Patients with active disease according to consensus criteria or detectable CXCL13 or MMP-9 in CSF were defined as having combined active progressive MS. These patients had increased CSF cell counts, IgG-index and MBP, NFL and CHI3L1 concentrations. Combined inactive patients only had increased IgG-index and MBP concentrations.

Conclusion:

Patients with combined active progressive MS show evidence of inflammation, demyelination and neuronal/axonal damage, whereas the remaining patients mainly show evidence of active demyelination. This challenges the idea that neurodegeneration independent of inflammation is crucial in disease progression.
Between intergovernmental relations and paradiplomacy: Wales and the Brexit of the regions
Authors: Hunt Jo , Minto Rachel
Published: August 2017

The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union (EU) is an assertion of UK nation-state sovereignty. Notwithstanding this state-centrism, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland have distinct interests to protect as part of the Brexit negotiations. This article explores how the interests of one regional case, Wales, were accommodated in the pre-negotiation phase, at a domestic level—through intergovernmental structures—and an EU level through paradiplomacy. We explore the structures for sub-state influence, Wales’ engagement with these structures and what has informed its approach. We argue that Wales’ behaviour reflects its positioning as a ‘Good Unionist’ and a ‘Good European’. Despite the weakness of intra-UK structures, Wales has preferred to pursue policy influence at a UK (not an EU) level. In Brussels, regional interests inform the context for Brexit. Here, Wales has focused on awareness-raising, highlighting that the UK Government does not command the ‘monopoly on perspectives’ towards Brexit in the United Kingdom.
Unit, vibration, tone: a post-phenomenological method for researching digital interfaces
Authors: Ash James , Anderson Ben , Gordon Rachel , Langley Paul
Published: August 2017

Digital interfaces, in the form of websites, mobile apps and other platforms, now mediate user experiences with a variety of economic, cultural and political services and products. To study these digital mediations, researchers have to date followed a range of methodological strategies including the modification of pre-existing qualitative research methods, such as content analysis, discourse analysis and semiotics, among many others, and an experimentation with new methods designed to make visible the operation of data aggregation, analytics and algorithms that are hidden from users. Building upon, while distinct from these strategies, the article sets out a post-phenomenological approach to studying interfaces, websites and apps that explicitly interrogates how they appear as objects. In doing so, the article provides a response to a problem that animates contemporary cultural geography: that new cultural objects are emerging which place in question the habits and practices of analysis that composed the ‘new’ cultural geography. To do this, the paper develops the concepts of unit, vibration and tone to unpack interfaces as sets of entities that work together to shape the experiences and responses of users. As such, the article provides a methodological vocabulary for the analysis of how interfaces operate to modulate user response and action on a series of habitual and un-reflected upon levels and thereby to create outcomes that suit their owners and operators.
Self-care educational intervention to reduce hospitalisations in heart failure: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Boyde M , Peters R , New N , Hwang R , Ha T , Korczyk D
Published: August 2017

Background:

A variety of educational interventions have been implemented to assist patients with heart failure to maintain their own health, develop self-care behaviours and decrease readmissions.

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a multimedia educational intervention for patients with heart failure in reducing unplanned hospital readmissions.

Methods:

The study, a randomised controlled trial in a large tertiary referral hospital in Australia, recruited 200 patients. Patients diagnosed with heart failure were randomly allocated 1:1 to usual education or a multimedia educational intervention. The multimedia approach began with an individual needs assessment to develop an educational plan. The educational intervention included viewing a DVD, and verbal discussion supported by a written manual with a teach-back evaluation strategy. The primary outcome was all-cause unplanned hospital readmission at 28 days, three months and 12 months post-recruitment. The secondary outcomes were changes in knowledge and self-care behaviours at three months and 12 months post-recruitment.

Results:

At 12 months, data on 171 participants were analysed. There were 24 participants who had an unplanned hospital readmission in the intervention group compared to 44 participants in the control group ( p=0.005). The self-care educational intervention reduced the risk of readmission at 12 months by 30% (relative risk: 0.703; 95% confidence interval: 0.548–0.903).

Conclusion:

A targeted multimedia educational intervention can be effective in reducing all-cause unplanned readmissions for people with heart failure.
The Association Between Serious Mental Health Problems and Violence: Some Common Assumptions and Misconceptions
Authors: Ahonen Lia , Loeber Rolf , Brent David A.
Published: August 2017

The media, the general public, and politicians often emphasize that mental illness is a precursor and a cause of violence, particularly emphasizing an assumed relationship between mental illness, including psychopathy and psychosis, and the use of guns to commit violence. We report which individuals with serious mental health problems have an increased risk to commit violence (including gun violence). Second, we answer the question to what extent serious mental health problems explain most violence and especially gun-related violence. And what is the opinion of experts on these questions? Third, we review which effective screening instrument can help to identify individuals with mental health problems who are at risk to carry a gun and commit violence. For policy makers and legislators, this article points out that most psychiatric disorders are not related to violence, with some exceptions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and often only in conjunction with substance use. We show that the attributable risk of mental illness to explain violence in general is low. We also emphasize that conduct disorder in late childhood or adolescence is a better predictor of violence than is mental illness at a later age. Empirically based screening methods to identify individuals with mental health problems who are prone to violence appear to have limited utility. Implications are discussed for clinicians and practitioners working in the justice system, researchers, and policy makers.
Can Empowering Leaders Affect Subordinates’ Well-Being and Careers Because They Encourage Subordinates’ Job Crafting Behaviors?
Authors: Kim Minseo , Beehr Terry A.
Published: August 2017

This study examined the effects of empowering leadership on employees’ well-being and career outcomes through their job crafting behaviors over three time points during a 2-month period. With 325 full-time employees, results from structural equation modeling demonstrated that empowering leadership was positively associated with employees’ job crafting behaviors even after controlling for proactive personality. Job crafting resulted in lower levels of physical and depressive symptoms and higher levels of career satisfaction and commitment. Together, these findings highlight the role of empowering leadership in encouraging and facilitating job crafting behaviors of employees, which in turn leads to subjective career success as well as physical and psychological well-being.
Missed Opportunities: Perspectives of Incarcerated Israeli Women and Men on Their Unsuccessful Desistance
Authors: Gueta Keren , Chen Gila
Published: August 2017

The current study explores the factors that people incarcerated in Israeli prisons identify as contributing to their unsuccessful desistance. Twenty in-depth interviews were carried out with substance-involved men and women inmates. The findings showed that they faced subjective and sociostructural problems, reflecting interlocking axes of marginalization. However, the men and women constructed their narratives of unsuccessful desistance according to traditional gender roles: The men’s accounts were embedded in key concepts of masculinity such as unemployment, whereas the women’s accounts related to feminine notions such as motherhood. Possible implications for theory and intervention are discussed.
Growth Hormone Secretagogue Treatment in Hypogonadal Men Raises Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Levels
Authors: Sigalos John T. , Pastuszak Alexander W. , Allison Andrew , Ohlander Samuel J. , Herati Amin , Lindgren Mark C. , Lipshultz Larry I.
Published: August 2017

Realizing the reported misuse of human growth hormone (GH), investigation of a safe alternative mechanism for increasing endogenous GH is needed. Several GH secretagogues are available, including GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs) GHRP-2 and GHRP-6, and the GH-releasing hormone analog, sermorelin (SERM). Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) serves as a surrogate marker for GH. Here, the effect of GHRP/SERM therapy on IGF-1 levels is evaluated. A retrospective review of medical records was performed for 105 men on testosterone (T) therapy seeking increases in lean body mass and fat loss who were prescribed 100 mcg of GHRP-6, GHRP-2, and SERM three times daily. Compliance with therapy was assessed, and 14 men met strict inclusion criteria. Serum hormone levels of IGF-1, T, free T (FT), estradiol (E), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were evaluated. Mean (SD) age of the cohort was 33.2 (2.9) years, and baseline IGF-1 level was 159.5 (26.7) ng/mL. Mean (SD) duration of continuous GHRP/SERM treatment was 134 (88) days. Mean posttreatment IGF-1 level was 239.0 (54.6) ng/mL ( p < .0001). Three of the 14 men were on an aromatase inhibitor and/or tamoxifen prior to treatment and another 4 men were coadministered an aromatase inhibitor and/or tamoxifen during treatment. Inhibition of E production or estrogen receptor blockade resulted in smaller increases in IGF-1 levels. GHRP/SERM therapy increases serum IGF-1 levels with strict compliance to thrice-daily dosing. The results suggest that combination therapy may be beneficial in men with wasting conditions that can improve with increased GH secretion.
Ulnar Nerve Injury as a Result of Galeazzi Fracture: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Roettges Paul , Turker Tolga
Published: August 2017

Background: Sparse documentation of Galeazzi fracture with associated nerve injury exists in the medical literature. The purpose of this report is to review the available literature in regard to incidence, nerve injury type, treatment strategies, and expected outcomes. Methods: We present a classic Galeazzi fracture dislocation with associated complete ulnar nerve transection injury at the level of the wrist. After rigid internal bony stabilization, allograft nerve repair was performed. The patient’s presentation, operative management, recovery, and a thorough literature review are discussed. Results: Fracture union was attained with near full wrist and elbow range of motion. Despite lack of ulnar nerve function return, the patient was able to resume manual labor occupation. Conclusions: Despite its close proximity to the dislocating distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ), thorough review reveals rare associated ulnar nerve palsy. If there is suspicion for nerve injury in the setting of open DRUJ dislocation, the nerve should be explored to identify possible entrapment or transection. Literature supports likely return of nerve function in cases of intact nerve; however, management of nerve transection remains debatable.
Further education, leadership and ethical action: Thinking with Hannah Arendt
Authors: Dennis Carol Azumah , Springbett Octavia , Walker Lizzie
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we work with the philosophy of Hannah Arendt to explore ethics and leadership in further education (FE), focusing on how leaders define the ethical compromises implied by austerity. Using questionnaires, interviews and observations we developed 10 case studies. It is not our intention to elaborate upon ethical leadership as a construct. Instead, we are concerned with how leaders in FE frame the challenges they face. Three narrative strands were identified in our data. Inspired by Arendt’s (1958) political anthropology, we used her distinction between labour, work and action as a conceptual frame to ground the storied accounts. We conceptualised ethical labour and ethical work as two pervasive but nonetheless constraining modes of ethical deliberation. A third construct, ethical action enabled us to envision a more expansive mode of ethical reasoning. Our conclusion suggests a way out of what we view as the ethical impoverishment of FE. A more secure ethical future for FE colleges is possible when leaders engage in expansive modes of ethical deliberation, ones that appreciate ‘plurality and natality’ (Arendt, 1958): what we have in common and what makes each of us unique. In such spaces staff, students and interested others make meaning of their work together, developing shared commitments to educational flourishing.
Justifying Official Disobedience
Authors: Fagelson David , Klusmeyer Douglas B.
Published: August 2017

Do government officials, who have taken an affirmative oath to uphold the constitution, have any legitimate claim to disobey the law? We argue that they do. Indeed, the nature of law itself requires officials to have some mechanism to enforce the secondary rules or if one prefers, the associative obligations, upon which their authority is based. When institutional structures and official behavior makes it impossible for officials to subordinate government activity to the rule of law, then other officials may be excused from legal constraints for the limited purpose of ensuring accountability. We use arguments from legal, constitutional and political theory to illustrate this narrow excuse.
Informing Dissent
Authors: Greene Hillary , Yao Dennis A.
Published: August 2017

The first part of this commentary argues that because the production of dissent depends on the availability of information, greater attention should focus on government restrictions on access to official information. At no time is this more important than when information is monopolized by the government. If not constrained, government’s monopoly control of information, combined with its incentives to shape support for its policies, may at some times and in some ways reduce dissent. In the second part of the commentary, a cost-benefit approach is proposed to analyze an individual’s incentives to produce speech and is then applied to assess the role social communities play vis-à-vis individual dissent. This analysis underscores the important and complex (sometimes encouraging, sometimes discouraging) role that communities play in the generation of dissent. Our analysis uses economic tools, often accompanied by an antitrust perspective, to better understand the implications of government information control and social pressures upon speech and dissent.
PISA, National and Regional Education Policies and their Effect on Mathematics Teaching in England and Germany
Authors: Kelly Peter , Kotthoff Hans-Georg
Published: August 2017

To consider how processes of education governance linking the work of international organisations and national and regional policy-making in two contrasting policy environments affect policy enactment in schools, differences in mathematics teaching between English and German secondary schools were analysed using Bernstein’s account of pedagogic practice. This allowed the opportunities for achievement provided to different groups of students to be identified. The findings suggest that, as a result of strong governance pressures, English higher achievers have more opportunities to make progress than lower achievers, a concern which is consistent with standardised assessment data. Despite policy changes, similarities in the teaching of higher and lower achieving students in Germany remain and these account, in part, for the narrower gap in achievement there.
Development and pretest of key visual imagery in a campaign for the prevention of child maltreatment
Authors: Charest Émilie , Gagné Marie-Hélène , Goulet Julie
Published: August 2017

Introduction:

This article discusses the development and pretesting of key visual imagery in a promotional campaign developed in Quebec, Canada. This campaign is the media-based component of a broader prevention strategy involving the use of the Triple P program (Sanders, 1999).

Objectives:

The purpose was to pretest with parents the preliminary version of a poster that uses the campaign’s key visual imagery prior to final production.

Method:

In total, 26 parents from the regions of Quebec City and Montreal participated in four focus groups.

Results:

Two general themes emerged from the focus groups: (i) emotions and reactions arising from the key visual imagery; and (ii) comprehension of the message being conveyed.

Conclusion:

Based on this information, recommendations were made to the marketing agency, which then modified the campaign’s key visual imagery and proposed a final layout.
On the Relation Between Social Dominance Orientation and Environmentalism
Authors: Milfont Taciano L. , Bain Paul G. , Kashima Yoshihisa , Corral-Verdugo Victor , Pasquali Carlota , Johansson Lars-Olof , Guan Yanjun , Gouveia Valdiney V. , Garðarsdóttir Ragna B. , Doron Guy , Bilewicz Michał , Utsugi Akira , Aragones Juan Ignacio , Steg Linda , Soland Martin , Park Joonha , Otto Siegmar , Demarque Christophe , Wagner Claire , Madsen Ole Jacob , Lebedeva Nadezhda , González Roberto , Schultz P. Wesley , Saiz José L. , Kurz Tim , Gifford Robert , Akotia Charity S. , Saviolidis Nína M. , Einarsdóttir Gró
Published: August 2017

Approval of hierarchy and inequality in society indexed by social dominance orientation (SDO) extends to support for human dominance over the natural world. We tested this negative association between SDO and environmentalism and the validity of the new Short Social Dominance Orientation Scale in two cross-cultural samples of students ( N = 4,163, k = 25) and the general population ( N = 1,237, k = 10). As expected, the higher people were on SDO, the less likely they were to engage in environmental citizenship actions, pro-environmental behaviors and to donate to an environmental organization. Multilevel moderation results showed that the SDO–environmentalism relation was stronger in societies with marked societal inequality, lack of societal development, and environmental standards. The results highlight the interplay between individual psychological orientations and social context, as well as the view of nature subscribed to by those high in SDO.
“We’re not only here but we’re there in spirit”: Asymmetrical mobile intimacy and the transnational Filipino family
Authors: Cabalquinto Earvin Charles B.
Published: August 2017

Organising, performing, and experiencing festive family rituals sustain relationships among family members. However, in recent times, high levels of human migration alongside the rapid development of digital communication technologies are reconfiguring family traditions. This paper investigates the ways in which 21 overseas Filipino workers in Melbourne, Australia, and their left-behind family members in the Philippines use mobile devices and communications platforms to restage festive family rituals. Employing a visual method and drawing on in-depth interviews, the empirical study uncovers the personalised and heterogenous practices of the transnational Filipino family in performing intimacy at a distance, paving the way for constructing copresence during festivities. Importantly, using the mobilities lens (Urry, 2007) as a framework for critical investigation, the findings show that a disproportionate level of network capital as informed by age, gender, and social class produces “asymmetrical mobile intimacy.” The present study also reveals how ambivalent feelings emerge due to technological asymmetries and parameters. Importantly, transnational families often negotiate such contradictory experiences through mobile device use. By comparing and contrasting the mobile practices of dispersed family members, the present study uncovers the hidden social inequalities perpetuated in a networked family life.
The Chronic Kidney Disease Water Intake Trial: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Clark William F. , Huang Shih-Han , Garg Amit X. , Gallo Kerri , House Andrew A. , Moist Louise , Weir Matthew A. , Sontrop Jessica M.
Published: August 2017

Background:

In observational studies, drinking more water associates with a slower rate of kidney function decline; whether the same is true in a randomized controlled trial is unknown.

Objective:

To examine the 1-year effect of a higher vs usual water intake on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Design:

Parallel-group randomized controlled trial.

Setting:

Nine centers in Ontario, Canada. Enrollment and randomization occurred between May 2013 and May 2016; follow-up for the primary outcome will continue until June 2017.

Participants:

Adults (n = 631) with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (eGFR 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and microalbuminuria.

Intervention:

The high water intake group was coached to increase their oral water intake by 1.0 to 1.5 L/day (depending on sex and weight), over and above usual consumed beverages, for a period of 1 year. The control group was coached to maintain their usual water intake during this time.

Measures:

Participants provided 24-hour urine samples at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after randomization; urine samples were analyzed for volume, creatinine, osmolality, and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and at 3- to 6-month intervals after randomization, and analyzed for creatinine, copeptin, osmolality, and electrolytes. Other measures collected included health-related quality of life, blood pressure, body mass index, and diet.

Primary outcome:

The between-group change in eGFR from baseline (prerandomization) to 12 months after randomization.

Secondary outcomes:

Change in plasma copeptin concentration, 24-hour urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, measured creatinine clearance, estimated 5-year risk of kidney failure (using the 4-variable Kidney Failure Risk Equation), and health-related quality of life.

Planned analysis:

The primary analysis will follow an intention-to-treat approach. The between-group change in eGFR will be compared using linear regression. Supplementary analyses will examine alternative definitions of eGFR change, including annual percentage change, rate of decline, and rapid decline (a P value <0.05 will be interpreted as statistically significant if there is concordance with the primary outcome).

Trial Registration:

This randomized controlled trial has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov ; government identifier: NCT01766687.