bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do discurso da austeridade à realidade: mudanças na legislação do trabalho são remediadoras de crises econômicas? / The speech of austerity to reality: changes on labor law can remediate economy crises?
Authors: Bitarães Ana Cecília de Oliveira , Teodoro Maria Cecília Máximo
Published: January 2023

ResumoO presente artigo tem como escopo analisar os discursos propagados como justificativa para alterações legislativas, tais como as trazidas pelas leis 13.467/2017, 13.429/2017, 13.427/2017, 13.467/2017 e 13.874/2019, que se configuraram em verdadeiro processo de desmantelamento dos direitos sociais, sob justificativa que necessários e que acompanham as tendências internacionais. Esses discursos naturalizam percepções que essas medidas legislativas sejam cruciais para melhoria das condições de vida, como um “mal necessário”, se substanciando nas alterações legislativas contraídas pelas leis referenciadas, que recaem a responsabilidade àqueles que mais estão em condições de hipossuficiência; seja na própria relação de trabalho, seja na perspectiva macro, distante de serviços de qualidade. Assim, necessário se faz ponderar se essas medidas são viáveis, uma vez que a precarização do trabalho pode trazer impactos na saúde do trabalhador e, consequentemente, na esfera previdenciária, o que se traduz em um desenvolvimento econômico não sustentável e prejudicial a seus próprios destinatários.Palavras-chave: Reforma Trabalhista; Geração de Empregos; Desenvolvimento Econômico. AbstractThis scientific article aims to analyze the speech of changes on labor law in Brazil, mainly of the laws number 13.467/2017, 13.429/2017, 13.427/2017, 13.467/2017 e 13.874/2019, that demonstrated a project of destruction of social rights. Theses speeches imply in be normal, natural or to put the idea that the only way to save the economy and increase the quality of life, is by reducing important social rights, like a necessary bad thing to do, putting the responsibly on people more vulnerable on the labor relationship. Therefore, is important analyzes the viability of this changes on labor law in Brazil, because reducing theses rights could implies on bad conditions of work, more effects on worker health, public health and social security, what is a not a sustainable economic developing and disruptive for the people who needs these rights. Key words: Labor reform in Brazil; Job Creation; Developing Economy.
O que o caso Sitzblockade tem a ensinar ao Tribunal de Contas da União / What the Sitzblockade Case has to Teach the Federal Court of Accounts
Authors: Araújo Clarice Von Oertzen de , Carvalho Gabriela Duque Poggi de
Published: January 2023

ResumoO artigo faz uma análise crítica da forma como o Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) vem fundamentando decisões em que são aplicadas multas aos responsáveis por ocasionar danos ao erário público, especificamente no ponto em que realizam a dosimetria da pena, tendo como referencial o art. 22, § 2°, da Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro. O método adotado é o levantamento e análise de doutrina, legislação e jurisprudência, mediante o emprego de estudo comparativo. Através da identificação de semelhanças entre a fundamentação das decisões selecionadas do TCU e a maneira como o Tribunal Federal Alemão fundamentou o julgamento do caso que ficou internacionalmente conhecido como Sitzblockade, propõe-se uma reflexão, a partir da crítica feita por importantes juristas ao caso alemão, acerca do método utilizado pela Corte de Contas Federal para justificar suas decisões. Ao final, como conclusão, são apresentadas evidências de que a fundamentação das decisões examinadas pela pesquisa e provenientes do TCU não expõe todos os elementos considerados pelos julgadores no processo de tomada de decisão, e não atendem ao objetivo do art. 22, § 2°, da Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro, uma vez que produzidas a partir do método da subsunção.Palavras-chave: Tribunal de Contas da União; sanção; decisão; subsunção; Sitzblockade AbstractThe Article makes a critical analysis of the way the Brazilian Federal Court of has been justifying its decisions that fines are imposed on those responsible for causing damages to the public treasury, specifically at the point where they carry out the dosimetry of the penalty, having as a reference the art. 22, § 2, of the Law of Introduction to the Rules of Brazilian Law. The method adopted is the survey and analysis of doctrine, legislation and jurisprudence, through the use of comparative study. By identifying similarities between the grounds of the decisions selected and coming from the Brazilian Federal Court of Accounts and the way the German Federal Court based its judgment on the case that became internationally known as Sitzblockade, we propose a reflection, based on the criticism made by leading jurists to the German case, on the method used by the Federal Court of Accounts to justify its decisions. In conclusion, there is evidence that the grounds of the decisions examined by the research and coming from the Federal Court of Accounts do not expose all the elements considered by the judges in the decision-making process, and do not meet the purpose of art. 22, § 2, of the Law of Introduction to the Rules of Brazilian Law, since they are produced from the method of subsumption.Keywords: Federal Court of Accounts; sanction; decision; subsumption; Sitzblockade
O abolicionismo como resposta à deslegitimação e à crise do sistema penal
Authors: Corazza Thais Aline Mazetto , Ávila Gustavo Noronha de
Published: January 2023

ResumoObjetiva-se apresentar o abolicionismo penal como possível solução para crise do sistema penal. A pesquisa parte de um raciocínio hipotético-dedutivo e será bibliográfica e documental. Parte-se da análise da crise do sistema penal e sua deslegitimação. Após, e na tentativa de solucionar esse problema, trabalham-se algumas escolas de corrente abolicionista, as críticas de Zaffaroni à essas teorias e a sua nova teoria do delito, tecendo-se, ao final, a contracrítica do seu discurso relegitimador. A discussão de alternativas ao sistema penal não pode afastar a discussão sobre a sua própria base, daí a necessidade de identificar perspectivas que possam propiciar meios efetivos de redução de criminalização, sendo insuficiente a proposta da nova teoria do delito de Zaffaroni, que pressupõe o sistema penal e sua atuação prévia. É essencial repensar na atuação anterior e nos processos de criminalização primária. Ainda que haja discussão de graus de vulnerabilidade ou risco de seleção na aplicação da pena, deve-se visar uma solução com a mínima imposição determinada da aplicação de dor, com alterações estruturais de política não criminal, o que somente seria possível com amplo debate e conscientização dos atos político-criminais sobre os efeitos que a cultura punitiva causa nos indivíduos e na sociedade.Palavras-chave: Abolicionismo; Crise; Deslegitimação; Minimalismo; Sistema Penal. Abstract: The objective is to present criminal abolitionism as a possible solution to the crisis in the penal system. The research starts from a hypothetical-deductive reasoning and will be bibliographic and documentary. It starts from the analysis of the crisis in the penal system and its delegitimization. After, work up some abolitionist schools, Zaffaroni's criticisms of these theories and his new theory of crime, weaving, at the end, the counter-criticism of his re- legitimizing discourse. The discussion of alternatives to the penal system cannot exclude the discussion on its own basis, hence the need to identify perspectives that can provide effective means of reducing criminalization, being insufficient the proposal of Zaffaroni's new theory of crime, which it presupposes the penal system and its previous performance. It is essential to rethink previous actions and primary criminalization processes. Although there is discussion of degrees of vulnerability or risk of selection in the application of the penalty, must aiming for a solution with the minimum determined imposition of pain application, with structural changes in non-criminal policy, which would only be possible with a broad debate and awareness of political-criminal acts on the effects that punitive culture causes on individuals and society.Keywords: Abolitionism; Crisis; Delegitimation; Minimalism; Penal System.
Poder municipal e autárquico: análise comparada de elementos do poder local no Brasil e em Angola / Municipal and autarchy power: comparative analysis of elements of local power in Brazil and Angola
Authors: Corralo Giovani Da Silva , Teixeira Carlos Manuel dos Santos
Published: January 2023

ResumoA presente pesquisa tem por objetivo o estudo comparado do poder municipal brasileiro e do poder autárquico angolano, importantíssimas estruturas do poder local. Enquanto o município brasileiro possui quase 200 anos de desenvolvimento num Estado independente, as autarquias angolanas se encontram em processo de implementação num Estado que alcançou a independência há menos de meio século. Ademais, os municípios brasileiros se constituem em realidade fática, enquanto que as autarquias angolanas serão implementadas no curto prazo, a dispor, por enquanto, do seu arcabouço normativo. Utiliza-se o método dedutivo e pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a perscrutar a hipótese de uma elevada autonomia autárquica e municipal, comparativamente. Para tanto, se analisa o desenvolvimento dessas instituições com base nas respectivas constituições, levando-se em consideração as diferentes tipologias de Estado. Na sequência, analisa-se, concretamente, a autonomia do poder municipal e autárquico, nas dimensões auto-organizatória, política, administrativa, legislativa e financeira. Os resultados demonstram as aproximações e diferenças nas realidades comparadas, a concluir que as respectivas distinções refletem as particularidades e singularidades do poder municipal e autárquico, confirmando-se, em parte, a hipótese.Palavras-chave: Autarquias locais angolanas; município brasileiro; poder local. AbstractThe present research has as objective the comparative study of the Brazilian municipal power and the Angolan autarchic power, very important structures of the local power. While the Brazilian municipality has almost 200 years of development in an independent State, Angolan autarchies are in the process of being implemented in a State that achieved independence less than half a century ago. Furthermore, Brazilian municipalities are a factual reality, while Angolan autarchies will be implemented in the short term, with their regulatory framework available for the time being. The deductive method and bibliographical and documental research are used, to investigate the hypothesis of a high municipal and municipal autonomy, comparatively. Therefore, the development of these institutions is analyzed based on their respective constitutions, taking into account the different types of State. In the sequence, the autonomy of the municipal and autarchic power is analysed, concretely, in the self-organizing, political, administrative, legislative and financial dimensions. The results demonstrate the approximations and differences in the compared realities, concluding that the respective differences reflect the particularities and singularities of municipal and autarchic power, confirming, in part, the hypothesis.Keywords: Angolan local autarchies; Brazilian municipalities; local power.
A inimputabilidade penal do menor infrator em Tobias Barreto: uma análise no contexto da história das ideias no Brasil / The Criminal Imputability of the Minor Offender in Tobias Barreto: an Analysis in the Context of the History of Ideas in Brazil
Authors: Santos Marília Quadros Ribeiro dos , Adeodato João Mauricio Leitão
Published: January 2023

ResumoO presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar, no contexto do estudo da história das ideias no Brasil, o tema da inimputabilidade penal do menor infrator, no pensamento de Tobias Barreto, em “Menores e Loucos”. Para tanto, apresenta a formação do autor, as principais influências na construção de seu pensamento e as ideias contra as quais insurgiu. Procura demonstrar como o autor utiliza argumentos originais em defesa dessa inimputabilidade, fundamentados principalmente nas grandes distâncias brasileiras, tanto geográficas quanto sociais.Palavras-chave: História das Ideias - Tobias Barreto – Originalidade - Inimputabilidade Penal – Menores Infratores. AbstractThe present study aims to analyze, in the context of the study of the history of ideas in Brazil, the theme of criminal incrimination of the minor offender, in the thought of Tobias Barreto, in “Menores e Loucos”. For that, it presents the author's education, the main influences in the construction of his thought and the ideas against which he rose. It seeks to demonstrate how the author uses original arguments in defense of this non-imputability, based mainly on Brazilian long distances, both geographical and social.Keywords: History of Ideas – Tobias Barreto - Originality - Criminal Inimputability - Minor Offenders.
Dogmática jurídica e interdisciplinaridade: caminhos para um diálogo útil
Authors: Baptista Patrícia Ferreira , Mendonça José Vicente Santos de
Published: January 2023

ResumoO artigo dedica-se a examinar os rumos da construção de um conhecimento jurídico interdisciplinar no Brasil. A ideia, que ganhou fôlego nas últimas décadas, traz consigo uma série de indagações acerca de suas virtudes, desafios e consequências, tanto epistemológicas quanto operacionais. Para tanto, o texto começa indicando o sentido e o limite do conhecimento convencional acerca da expressão dogmática jurídica. Na sequência, discute o modo como se dá a presença de abordagens interdisciplinares na academia e na prática jurídica, com ênfase em responder à pergunta sobre se elas representariam uma colonização do direito por outras disciplinas, ou se revelariam uma saudável renovação de compreensões. Em seu último tópico, o texto propõe uma espécie de conciliação entre as duas vertentes, afirmando o papel da dogmática para a operacionalização do dever ser jurídico, mas, ao mesmo tempo, identificando possibilidades de oxigenação na incorporação controlada de saberes alheios àqueles do mundo do direito.Palavras-chave: Teoria do Direito. Dogmática jurídica. Prática jurídica. Interdisciplinaridade. AbstractThe article examines the courses of the construction of an interdisciplinary legal knowledge in Brazil. The idea, which has gained momentum in recent decades, brings with it a series of questions about its virtues, challenges and consequences, both epistemological and operational. To this end, the text begins by indicating the meaning and limits of conventional knowledge about legal dogmatic expression. Next, it discusses the way in which the presence of interdisciplinary approaches occurs in academia and legal practice, with an emphasis on answering the question of whether they would represent a colonization of law by other disciplines, or if they would reveal a healthy renewal of understandings. In its last topic, the text proposes a kind of conciliation between the two aspects, affirming the role of dogmatics for the operationalization of the legal duty, but, at the same time, identifying possibilities of oxygenation in the controlled incorporation of knowledge alien to those of the world of right.Keywords: Legal theory. Legal dogmatic. Legal practice. Interdisciplinarity.
Nabuco de Roma à Haia
Authors: Feldman Luiz
Published: January 2023

Este artigo revisita a fase diplomática de Joaquim Nabuco (1899-1909) propondo, como parâmetro básico de análise, uma disjuntiva entre isolamento e geopolítica. A partir dos papéis privados e públicos do autor no período, examina suas reflexões sobre o princípio da ocupação efetiva, que pautou o laudo arbitral do rei da Itália sobre o litígio anglo-brasileiro na Guiana, em 1904, e sobre o princípio da igualdade soberana, proposto pelo Brasil na conferência da Haia, em 1907. Argumenta-se que, para Nabuco, o bilateralismo monroísta provia segurança contra apropriações territoriais europeias resguardando, pelo respaldo do alinhamento hemisférico, a grandeza continental do país. Já a política multilateral parecia ao embaixador em Washington deixar o Brasil estrategicamente desamparado pelo apego a um ordenamento artificial, mas também oferecer uma possível via de grandeza nacional pela participação no círculo diretor da política mundial. Se, para Nabuco, a conclusão do episódio em Roma fora a isolação no hemisfério ocidental, a Haia parece-lhe apontar para um reengajamento com o além-mar.            Palavras-chave:
Refugiados congoleses em cidades periféricas um estudo de caso.
Authors: Costa Julianna Carolina Oliveira , Fernandes Rui Aniceto Nascimento
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo propõem a reflexão sobre a experiência dos deslocamentos forçados e sobre o processo de construção de identidades étnico/comunitárias no bairro do Jardim Catarina, em São Gonçalo. Para tanto, utilizamos o depoimento de Luzolo Antoinete, refugiada congolesa que chegou à cidade em 2016, em meio a crescente onda de violência que acometia à República Democrática do Congo. Após a imigração forçada, o município de São Gonçalo passou a ser sua casa adotiva, lugar onde ela e seus filhos recomeçaram suas vidas e criaram novos laços afetivos com o Brasil.
Cross-pin stabilisation of a distal femoral physeal fracture in a miniature Rex rabbit
Authors: O'Neill Sydney R , Perry Karen Lisette
Published: January 2023

This case report details the presentation, treatment and medium-term follow up for a distal femoral physeal fracture in a miniature Rex rabbit. A 5-month-old rabbit presented with right hindlimb lameness after attempting to escape and becoming entangled in a cage. On examination, instability affecting the distal right femur was noted, and radiographs revealed a Salter-Harris type I fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed under general anaesthesia using four 0.7 mm cross pins. Satisfactory clinical and radiographic progress was noted 3 weeks postoperatively. At postoperative follow up 6 weeks later, lameness was mild and by 12 weeks the lameness had resolved. Radiographs taken 12 weeks postoperatively revealed that alignment, apposition and implant placement had been maintained and there was no evidence of implant-associated complications. Clinical union had been achieved. Remote follow up with the owners 7 months postoperatively revealed that the rabbit had returned to normal activity levels and experienced no adverse sequelae following the fracture's repair. The satisfactory medium-term outcomes seen after cross-pin placement indicate that this may be an appropriate repair method for distal femoral Salter-Harris type I fractures in rabbits. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first succesful cross-pin stabilisation of a Salter-Harris type I fracture in a rabbit of this age.
Learning from the handling of the referral of Dr Manjula Arora
Authors: Singh Iqbal , Jevons Gary J , Manku Lakhveer , Stewart Philippa , Konda Viraj MR
Published: January 2023

The Singh and Forde review of the General Medical Council's handling of Dr Manjula Arora's referral made a number of recommendations for the General Medical Council, the wider NHS and other organisations. This article discusses how to move forward with the recommendations and deliver 21st-century regulation that is truly compassionate, fair and supportive.
Measles and travel: an update for general practice nurses
Authors: Gawthrop Mary
Published: January 2023

Measles remains a risk for international travellers. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted many routine childhood vaccine schedules worldwide, resulting in an upsurge in measles cases. A travel consultation is an opportunity to offer measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine for both personal protection of individual travellers and as a public health intervention.
Science Teachers’ Knowledge, Understanding and Perceptions of Competence-Based Curriculum in Three Secondary Schools in Rwanda
Authors: Nsengimana Théophile , Mugabo Léon R. , Ozawa Hiroaki , Nkundabakura Pheneas
Published: January 2023

Teachers play an important role in helping students improve their learning and achieve the intended curriculum outcomes. Therefore, it is essential to look at teachers’ knowledge, understanding, and perceptions of any educational innovation. The present study aims to examine knowledge, understanding and perceptions of Rwandan science teachers with respect to the competence-based curriculum (CBC) introduced in 2015. The 2015 curriculum framework included features like the rationale for its adoption, the concept of competence, different competences to be developed by learners upon CBC implementation, principles guiding CBC implementation, and cross-cutting issues to be addressed by CBC implementation. This research is a multiple case study that adopted a qualitative approach with interpretivism paradigm. Twelve science teachers from three secondary schools, selected based on their differing teaching experience, participated in the study. Data were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The data were transcribed and qualitatively analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed some satisfactory knowledge, understanding and perceptions of science teachers. Further, knowledge and understanding gaps as well as negative perceptions of CBC were identified. Towards the effective and efficient implementation of the CBC, this research suggests appropriate training and establishment of the school community of practices for improving teachers’ experience of the CBC.
The Formocresol Pulpotomy, Should We Continue Its Use?
Authors: Brown Ronald S. , Barham Latoya M. , Rhodes Bridgette H. , Lawrence Leslie M.
Published: January 2023

Formacresol as an obtundant pulpal therapy medication has been successfully utilized for over one hundred years. The safety of this drug therapy is presently controversial. Although formocresol has the potential for malignant transformation, it has a long term track record of safety. Decreased formocresol pulpal therapy utilization has the potential to limit tooth preservation globally, especially in pediatric patients. Issues regarding carcinogenicity, toxicology, and mutagenesis are discussed. Further issues such as expense, ease of administration, availability, and effectiveness are also discussed. A review of the published literature regarding formocresol case reports is investigated. In conclusion, although formocresol has several known problematic side-effects, it is the opinion of the authors that when properly utilized as a pulpal medicament, formocresol is safe, inexpensive, readily available, easily administered, and effective.
Adaptive lens for foveal vision, imaging, and projection over large clear apertures
Authors: Bégel Louis , Khodadad Behzad , Galstian Tigran
Published: January 2023

We report an electrically tunable liquid crystal device that enables the generation of lenses the diameters of which may be dynamically changed from sub-millimeter to multiple millimeter sizes. These lenses can be created in different regions of interest over very large (above 50 mm) optical clear apertures. The approach is based on the activation of periodically spaced contacts on a single serpentine-shaped electrode with phase-shifted electrical signals. It enables a highly reconfigurable operation of locally created lenses with variable position, diameter, optical power (OP) and aberrations. The preliminary demonstration of the capabilities of the proposed device is presented here by creating a local lens, moving its center over an area of 25 mm x 25 mm, gradually changing its diameter from 1.3 mm to 4.55 mm as well as by tuning its OP value from zero up to, respectively, ≈ 40 and ≈3.5 diopters. Typical driving signals are at the order of 3.5 V. We think that such lenses can be used for ophthalmic or augmented reality applications as well as in microscopy, adaptive panoramic cameras with large distorted field of view, dynamic projection, etc.
GPU-accelerated iterative method for FD-OCT image reconstruction with an image-level cross-domain regularizer
Authors: Wang Mengyuan , Ling Yuye , Dong Zhenxing , Yao Xinwen , Gan Yu , Zhou Chuanqing , Su Yikai
Published: January 2023

The image reconstruction for Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) could be achieved by iterative methods, which offer a more accurate estimation than the traditional inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) reconstruction. However, the existing iterative methods are mostly A-line-based and are developed on CPU, which causes slow reconstruction. Besides, A-line-based reconstruction makes the iterative methods incompatible with most existing image-level image processing techniques. In this paper, we proposed an iterative method that enables B-scan-based OCT image reconstruction, which has three major advantages: (1) Large-scale parallelism of the OCT dataset is achieved by using GPU acceleration. (2) A novel image-level cross-domain regularizer was developed, such that the image processing could be performed simultaneously during the image reconstruction; an enhanced image could be directly generated from the OCT interferogram. (3) The scalability of the proposed method was demonstrated for 3D OCT image reconstruction. Compared with the state-of-the-art (SOTA) iterative approaches, the proposed method achieves higher image quality with reduced computational time by orders of magnitude. To further show the image enhancement ability, a comparison was conducted between the proposed method and the conventional workflow, in which an IDFT reconstructed OCT image is later processed by a total variation-regularized denoising algorithm. The proposed method can achieve a better performance evaluated by metrics such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), while the speed is improved by more than 30 times. Real-time image reconstruction at more than 20 B-scans per second was realized with a frame size of 4096 (axial) × 1000 (lateral), which showcases the great potential of the proposed method in real-world applications.
Three-dimensional spline-based computer-generated holography
Authors: Blinder David , Nishitsuji Takashi , Schelkens Peter
Published: January 2023

Electro-holography is a promising 3D display technology, as it can, in principle, account for all visual cues. Computing the interference patterns to drive them is highly calculation-intensive, requiring the design and development of efficient computer-generated holography (CGH) algorithms to facilitate real-time display. In this work, we propose a new algorithm for computing the CGH for arbitrary 3D curves using splines, as opposed to previous solutions, which could only draw planar curves. The solutions are analytically expressed; we conceived an efficiently computable approximation suitable for GPU implementations. We report over 55-fold speedups over the reference point-wise algorithm, resulting in real-time 4K holographic video generation of complex 3D curved objects. The proposed algorithm is validated numerically and optically on a holographic display setup.
On Pedagogy: Islamic Art and Architecture in the Classroom
Authors: Neumeier Emily
Published: January 2023

IJIA’s Dialogues series brings together scholars and practitioners from across varied disciplines for discussions of critical contemporary issues that interrogate the boundaries between architecture, art, anthropology, archaeology, and history. Its second instalment, held as a webinar in January 2022, was hosted by Associate Editor Emily Neumeier and featured Christiane Gruber, Stephennie Mulder, and Fernando Luis Martínez Nespral. Their conversation addressed a number of pressing issues related to the teaching of Islamic art in a wide range of classroom settings. The speakers touched upon the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, anti-racism and decolonizing initiatives within the field, and the future of several new and ongoing pedagogical endeavours. The following is an edited excerpt from the original discussion.
Medieval Monuments of Central Asia: Qarakhanid Architecture of the 11th and 12th Centuries, Richard Piran Mcclary (2020)
Authors: O’Kane Bernard
Published: January 2023

Review of: Medieval Monuments of Central Asia: Qarakhanid Architecture of the 11th and 12th Centuries, Richard Piran Mcclary (2020)

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 320 pp., 83 b&w and 161 colour illus., ISBN: 9781474423977, £95 (hardback)
New Islamic Urbanism: The Architecture of Public and Private Space in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Stefan Maneval (2019)
Authors: Alkhabbaz Mohammed H.
Published: January 2023

Review of: New Islamic Urbanism: The Architecture of Public and Private Space in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Stefan Maneval (2019)

London: UCL Press, xix, 242 pp., 3 maps, 16 b&w and 31 colour illus.,

ISBN: 9781787356436, £25.00 (paperback);

ISBN: 9781787356443, £45.00 (hardback);

ISBN: 9781787356429, £0.00 (open access PDF)
Landed Internationals: Planning Cultures, the Academy and the Making of the Modern Middle East, Burak Erdim (2020)
Authors: Bozdoğan Sibel
Published: January 2023

Review of: Landed Internationals: Planning Cultures, the Academy and the Making of the Modern Middle East, Burak Erdim (2020)

Austin: University of Texas Press, 308 pp., 56 b&w illus.,

ISBN: 9781477321218, $50 (cloth)
O Sacrílego furto da Catedral da Bahia
Authors: Marques Luz Ellen Cristina
Published: January 2023

Em 1729, César de Meneses, vice-rei do Brasil, endereçou uma carta a D. João V na qual dava conta dos dois furtos que tiveram lugar na Catedral da Bahia. No primeiro deles, furtou-se da capela do Santíssimo Sacramento da Sé um purificador de ouro no valor de 150.000 réis. No segundo, três âmbulas que, juntas, perfaziam o total de 600.000 réis, foram levadas do sacrário. Para o vice-rei, se o primeiro furto fora imprevisível, o segundo se deu por descaso da justiça eclesiástica, que ao não executar todas as diligências necessárias para descobrir o autor do primeiro infortúnio, acabou por estimular a sua repetição. A partir deste caso e de seus desdobramentos, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar os enlaces entre as justiças secular e eclesiástica no tocante à investigação e punição dos crimes de furto sacrílegos que tiveram lugar no arcebispado da Bahia no século XVIII.
Status epilepticus in pediatric patients severity score (STEPPS) as an outcome predictor in children
Authors: Iswarajati Niken , Kumara Intan Fatah , Triono Agung
Published: January 2023

Background Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency, with short-term mortality ranging from 0.9 to 3.6% in children. The disease burden of SE includes morbidity, treatment costs, and mortality. Various scoring tools for predicting outcomes in adult SE cases have been widely studied, but there are few tools for predicting outcomes in children with SE.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of status epilepticus in pediatric patients severity score (STEPSS), a clinical score for predicting functional outcome and mortality in pediatric patients with status epilepticus, as well as to identify characteristics of SE patients.

Methods This retrospective cohort study included 88 pediatric patients with status epilepticus aged >1 month to ?18 years by consecutive sampling, who were treated at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. All subjects underwent assessment by STEPPS score, which were compared to functional outcome assessed by Pediatric Overall Performance Capacity (POPC) score and mortality.

Results STEPPS > 3 was significantly correlated with poor functional outcome (OR 2.85; 95%CI 1.04 to 7.87; P=0.043), but was not significantly correlated with mortality outcome in children with SE (P=0.411).

Conclusion STEPPS score with cut-off >3 can be used as a predictor of poor functional outcome in pediatric patients with SE aged >1 month to ?18 years, but cannot be used as a predictor of mortality.
Pengaruh Buku Harian Penyakit Jantung Bawaan Terhadap Status Nutrisi Pada Anak Penyakit Jantung Bawaan
Authors: Robiah Intan , Pratiwi Rina , Soetadji Anindita
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang. Penyakit jantung bawaan berkaitan dengan terjadinya malnutrisi dengan prevalensi berkisar 64%. Pemberian makanan tambahan dan edukasi nutrisi selama ini dilakukan memakai rujukan dari buku KIA dan IDAI. Hingga saat ini belum ada rujukan edukasi nutrisi khusus untuk orang tua yang memiliki anak PJB.Tujuan. Membuktikan pengaruh edukasi buku harian terhadap status nutrisi pada pasien PJB yang belum dikoreksi.Metode. Penelitian Randomized control trial (RCT) di poliklinik kardiologi RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang terhadap 84 anak PJB yang belum dikoreksi usia 6 bulan -5 tahun dengan kelompok intervensi mendapatkan buku harian PJB.Hasil. Pada kelompok intervensi didapatkan peningkatan bermakna jumlah subjek yang lulus pre dan postest dari 32 menjadi 41 subjek (p=0,004). Berbeda jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol dimana tidak didapatkan peningkatan jumlah subjek yang lulus yaitu 35 subjek (p=1.000). Rerata Delta Z-score pada kedua kelompok baik intervensi maupun kontrol pada bulan ke 1-2, bulan ke 1-3 dan bulan 2-3 tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna secara statistik.Kesimpulan. Terdapat pengaruh buku harian PJB terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pada kelompok intervensi dibanding kontrol. Namun tidak didapatkan pengaruh buku harian terhadap peningkatan status nutrisi anak PJB pada kedua kelompok.
Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Asma pada Anak yang dirawat di Bangsal Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. M. Zein Painan Sumatra Barat
Authors: Salsabila Rania , Putra Teuku Romi Imansyah , Dimiati Herlina
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang. Asma merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular kronik yang tidak dapat disembuhkan tetapi dapat dikontrol. Status gizi memengaruhi keadaan asma pada anak, malnutrisi yang terjadi pada anak dapat berpengaruh terhadap fungsi paru anak tersebut.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian asma pada anak.Metode. Penelitian cross-sectional dengan pendekatan retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis terhadap 46 pasien rawat inap asma pada anak periode Januari 2017 – Juni 2021 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. M. Zein Painan, Sumatra Barat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2021. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji korelasi Spearman.Hasil. Sebanyak 71,7% anak dengan asma memiliki status gizi norma, dan 71,7% memiliki derajat serangan asma ringan-sedang. Uji Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian asma pada anak (p = 0,988).Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian asma pada anak.
How healthcare industry in Arabs can use data science for sustainable healthcare practices
Authors: Faiyaad Chisis Mohammed , Sadiki Abayomi Bin Hakim
Published: January 2023

To date, the healthcare business hasn't fully understood the prospective bene?ts to be acquired from big data analytics. Although the continuously growing body of academic investigation on large data analytics is mainly technology-oriented, a clear understanding of the strategic implications of big data is urgently needed. To handle the absence, this particular analysis examines the historical development, architectural style, and portion functionalities of big data analytics. From content evaluation of twenty six BDA implementation instances in healthcare, we could determine five big data analytics capabilities: analytical capability for patterns of attention, unstructured details, analytical capability, choice support capability, predictive capability, then traceability. We additionally mapped the benefits driven by big data analytics in terminology of info technology infrastructure, organizational, operational, strategic and managerial locations. Additionally, we recommend five approaches for healthcare organizations contemplating adopting big data analytics solutions. Our findings will help healthcare organizations understand the big data analytics capabilities and potential benefits and support them in drafting more effective data-driven analytics strategies.
An Experimental Study on Shear Performance of Adhesive Interface between Steel Plates and CFRP
Authors: Yang Yi , Wu Zuodong , Zhou Qianziyang , Bai Jiahao , Guo Xinyan
Published: January 2023

CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) are widely used in steel structural reinforcement. For steel structures strengthened with CFRP, except the cases the structures have defects before strengthening, the adhesive interface is the weakest part and CFRP debonding is the most common failure mode. In order to investigate the failure mechanism of CFRP strengthened steel structures, this paper presents an experimental study on shear performance of adhesive interface between steel plate and CFRP by twin shear model. Six steel plates strengthened with CFRP are divided into two groups, one has no damage, another has a gap at the mid. The specimens are tested under tensile loadings. The study results show that, the plates with a gap failed for CFRPs debonding, the cracking loading and breaking loading are 14.85kN, and 17.88kN respectively; the strain-loading curves had long linear stages, two strains decrease and other strains of another side increased rapidly at the cracking loading, then they both rose until the plates failed.
STRATA SUBSIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SHIELD TUNNELING IN COASTAL SOFT SOIL AREA
Authors: Gao Youqian , Xiang Qingming , Su Jiaxuan , Li Xiaoshuang , Cheng Xuansheng
Published: January 2023

In order to study the subsidence characteristics caused by large diameter shield tunneling in coastal soft soil area, based on the project of North Oujiang shield tunnel in Wenzhou City, the displacement field, seepage field and stress field of surrounding rock during shield tunnel construction process under fluid-solid coupling were analyzed by using finite difference method. The results show that when the shield tunneling passes through the monitoring section of the tunnel, the surrounding rock in a certain range of this section above the tunnel will be uplifted. Shield tail grouting can effectively control the settlement of the ground, and the increasing range of the ground subsidence gradually decreases. With the advance of the shield the pore water pressure increases, and the pore water pressure in the soil layer will rise sharply due to the shield tail grouting. When the shield passes through the monitoring section of the tunnel, the strata stress above the tunnel increases due to uplift extrusion, and the strata stress below the tunnel decreases due to stress releasing. When the grouting at the tail of the shield is completed and gradually moves away from the monitoring section, the stress releasing results in the decrease of the stress in the surrounding stratum and shows a funnel-shaped form.
Assessing the Quality for Blood Transfusion Service since the 1st National Quality Assessment Program in South Korea
Authors: Kwon Jin-Ah , Cho Eun-Jeong , Jung A-Hyun , Kim Dong-Sook
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) in South Korea initiated a quality assessment (QA) program for blood transfusion healthcare services in 2020 to ensure patient safety and appropriate blood use. This study examines the quality of blood transfusion services since the first national QA program for blood transfusion services in Korea.Methods: We analyzed HIRA claims and QA investigation data based on inpatient medical records from all tertiary, general, and primary hospitals between October 2020 and March 2021. The target population was patients aged 18 years and older who received either total knee arthroplasty or red blood cell transfusion. The QA indicators for transfusion healthcare service consisted of four quality indicators and four monitoring indicators.Results: We analyzed the results of QA indicators for transfusion service from the medical records of 189,668 patients from 1,171hospitals and expressed indicators as proportions. The average results for evaluation indicators were as follows: transfusion checklist presence, 64.8%; irregular antibody tests, 61.8%; transfusions in which the hemoglobin levels before transfusion met the transfusion guidelines for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, 20.6%, and transfusions in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, 59.3%. The average results for monitoring indicators were as follows: transfusion management implementation in medical institutions, 56.9%; preoperative anemia management in anemia patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, 43.9%; one-unit transfusions, 82.5%; and the transfusion index.Conclusion: The quality of blood transfusion healthcare varied and the assessment revealed that there is scope for improvement. Hospitals require more effective blood transfusion management and this can be facilitated by providing feedback on the QA results about blood transfusion healthcare services to medical institutions, and by disclosing the results to the public.
Improving the Infection and Isolation Alarm Program: a Case Study
Authors: Nam Min-Ju , Moon Young-Sook , Kim Hee-Ok , Ock Minsu
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The infection and isolation program used at a university hospital in A city was assessed and improved to provide medical staff with easy-to-understand information on isolation precautions and infectious diseases.Methods: Based on the results of the root cause analysis, the infection and isolation alarm computer program was improved. Subsequently, a survey was conducted with infection control leaders and unit managers (n=98) within the department to evaluate the degree of improvement.Results: The isolation registration and release procedures were simplified and unified to prevent confusion among the relevant departments. Additionally, the screen composition was improved so that various information related to infection can be easily accessed. After improvement in the program, the rate of isolation registration (53.0% to 100.0%, p<.001) and user satisfaction (67.6% to 92.2%) improved.Conclusion: This study will help improve the program so that other medical institutions can comply with the isolation precautions in accordance with the type of infections.
Revisión crítica de herramientas para monitoreo y gestión en transformadores de distribución ante la integración de recursos de energía distribuida
Authors: Cardozo-Cabal María Carolina , Castro Aranda Ferley , Gómez Luna Eduardo
Published: January 2023

Contexto: La integración de los recursos de energía distribuida genera nuevos desafíos para el sistema eléctrico, siendo el transformador de distribución uno de los equipos altamente afectados, puesto que se encuentra expuesto a cambios en la red, que pueden llevar a una reducción de su tiempo de vida. Método: Se realiza una revisión crítica de las herramientas de monitoreo y gestión en los transformadores de distribución ante la integración de recursos de energía distribuida. Resultados: Se identificaron los efectos que generan los recursos de energía distribuida en el transformador de distribución hasta 15 kV, una gran variedad de herramientas computacionales para monitorear a los transformadores de distribución en las redes eléctricas con integración de recursos de energía distribuida y los requerimientos mínimos necesarios que debe tener en cuenta una herramienta de gestión para transformadores de distribución. Conclusiones: Se identificó la necesidad de desarrollar una herramienta adecuada para la gestión de transformadores de distribución hasta 15 kV ante la integración de recursos de energía distribuida. Se identificaron los requerimientos mínimos necesarios que debe tener en cuenta una herramienta de gestión para transformadores de distribución.
Prediction of University-Level Academic Performance through Machine Learning Mechanisms and Supervised Methods
Authors: Contreras Bravo Leonardo Emiro , Nieves-Pimiento Nayibe , Gonzalez-Guerrero Karolina
Published: January 2023

Context:  In the education sector, variables have been identified which considerably affect students’ academic performance. In the last decade, research has been carried out from various fields such as psychology, statistics, and data analytics in order to predict academic performance.
Method: Data analytics, especially through Machine Learning tools, allows predicting academic performance using supervised learning algorithms based on academic, demographic, and sociodemographic variables. In this work, the most influential variables in the course of students’ academic life are selected through wrapping, embedded, filter, and assembler methods, as well as the most important characteristics semester by semester using Machine Learning algorithms (Decision Trees, KNN, SVC, Naive Bayes, LDA), which were implemented using the Python language.
Results: The results of the study show that the KNN is the model that best predicts academic performance for each of the semesters, followed by Decision Trees, with precision values that oscillate around 80 and 78,5% in some semesters.
Conclusions: Regarding the variables, it cannot be said that a student’s per-semester academic average necessarily influences the prediction of academic performance for the next semester. The analysis of these results indicates that the prediction of academic performance using Machine Learning tools is a promising approach that can help improve students’ academic life allow institutions and teachers to take actions that contribute to the teaching-learning process.
The Effect of Music Therapy on Adult Patients’ Heart Rate: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alammar Kamila , Baker Omar Ghazi , Alotaiba Areej , Alkhunaizi Amwar
Published: January 2023

Background: Music can be used as a complementary intervention to bring about a positive effect on the quality of life. It has been widely employed in clinical practice as one of the earliest forms of treatment. Despite the fact that music therapy is widely utilized and practiced in clinical and educational contexts, it has received little attention in formal medical settings. In addition, contradictory findings about the effect of music deserve further investigation.Purpose: This meta-analysis is conducted to examine the effect of music therapy on heart rates among adult patients.Methods: The MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases were used for searching the literature. The literature review was conducted by two independent researchers using the following Medical Subject Headings terms: musicotherapy OR music therapy, AND heart rate OR vital signs AND clinical trials as the topic. Standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) values was used to evaluate the effect of music therapy on heart rates.Results: Out of 194 studies, 12 studies were included with 1,118 patients. According to the results of the meta-analysis, the heart rates in the experimental groups in which music therapy was used with various diagnoses of adult patients were found to be significantly different in comparison with the control group (SMD=-0.450, 95% CI=-8.86 to -0.31, p=0.04).Conclusion:The results established that using music therapy for adult patients reduced their heart rates. However, the heterogeneity among the studies was high. Therefore, it is recommended that high-quality trials are warranted to confirm the benefits of music therapy interventions among adult patients.