bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE COMPLEX OF BUILDINGS FROM EARLY MODERN PERIOD OF PIDBORECKYI MONASTERY ON THE OSTRIV DUBOVETS NEAR DUBNO
Authors: Pshenychnyi Y. P. , Bardeckyi A. B.
Published: November 2021

On the territory of Pidboreckyi monastery, the complex of unknown buildings opened. They allow reconstructing some parameters of monastery buildings and give possibility to image better the planning situation of the east side of monastery territory during all time of its existing. Information about that how the part of Ostriv Dubovets had been adapted for dwelling, economic and utilized constructions for monastery requires had got. One of the main results is that the build periods, facts of repair and replanning of monastery buildings found out. After 1660s, there were weighty construction and repair works in the monastery. The great garbage (object 2) that started used after 1600 conserved in the middle of XVII c. On this place, the new dwelling building with the large stove was build. It is possible and co-ordinate with archaeological materials that this building could existed until the end of the monastery history. Then the new economic buildings constructed near that one. The new garbage replaced on the east beyond the limits of this new building.
On the excavated area 2 no long-lasting dwelling or economic constructions were found. It may means that the monastery yard situated here. Objects 23, 30, 34, and 37 had materials identical to the complex from the garbage (object 2) in excavated area 1. However, they are much smaller, which indicate the necessary in meanwhile garbage pits. Charcoals, everyday tools, dismantled constructions of stoves were dropped here. The forming of these objects caused by repaired works after 1660s. In the second part of XVIII — first part of XIX centuries the territory of cemetery widen on this place. The 55 graves excavated here. The facts of reconstruction and repair of monastery economic buildings showed on the examples of objects 10 and 12.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL MATERIALS OF THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE’S CEMETERY NEAR VILLAGE POPIVKA
Authors: Rudich T. O.
Published: November 2021

The archaeological research of the Chernyakhiv Culture’s cemetery near village Popivka (Lipovetsky district, Vinnytsia region) was carried in 2017. Authors of excavation were O. V. Petrauskas and M. O. Avramenko. 22 inhumations were examined.
Anthropological material was studied according to the different programs in the Laboratory of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
A small series of skulls can be attributed as belonging to the European race. Female skulls of this group are larger and more massive than male skulls. This situation can occur when men and women in a group have origins in different populations. Another explanations may be that more massive men from this population took part in military campaigns and were buried in foreign lands.
The group of female skulls is more representative. It allows to craniologist to get more information. Female series is homogeneous. It belongs to North Caucasians.
It characterizes by a long, dolichocranial skull, medium-wide (with tendencies to broad) face. Face is sharp profile at a horizontal area. Nose is narrow and sharp. Women may have been genetically related or descended from populations for which dolichocrania is typical.
Anthropological parallels of the Popivka cemetery’s women skulls were found in the forest-steppe zone cemeteries of the right bank of Dnieper river (Maslove, Chernykhiv, Beluka Bugaivka). The most similarity are between women from Popivka and Maslove. Popivka series clearly indicates north-western direction of anthropological links. This direction is confirmed by statistic analysis. Women from Popivka have the most similarity to women from cemeteries of Baltic region 2—5 cent. and in less degree to the Prszeworsk Culture of Poland.
OBJECTS FROM THE TREATED BONE FROM THE SETTLEMENT OF RADYCHIVSKE 3 ON THE DESNA RIVER BASIN (ACCORDING TO THE EXCAVATIONS 1991—1992)
Authors: Sergeeva M. S. , Kravchenko R. A.
Published: November 2021

The bone objects from the multi-layered settlement Radychivske 3 (Korop district, Chernihiv region) are introduced into scientific circulation and analyzed in the paper. They have been found during the excavations in 1991—1992. The items come from objects of Romny culture (structures and pits) and from the cultural layer.
Most of the finds are pointed tools. Thirteen of them can be interpreted as tools for treating of seams or for weaving and 2 are piercing tools. The collection also contains two horse bones with a natural sharpening with no traces of use. Their interpretation as tools is problematic. The collection also includes the polish tool made of rib. In addition, in the collection of treated bone there is a workpiece made of compact bone.
The bone object with a through hole in its middle part can be interpreted as a detail of complex device, perhaps the lock or clasp. Its analogy is the bone item of similar shape from Kyiv. The item from Radichiv was found in the cultural layer. The conditions of the find make it difficult for dating but the Kyiv parallel allows us to date it to the Slavic (Romny culture) or Old Rus time.
The collection also includes the bear’s fang amulet. Such amulets were common during Slavic and Old Rus time. They occur mainly from the sites of the 9th—10th centuries although in general they are found both earlier and later than the time in question.
All the tools were made from the bones of domestic animals, mostly cattle. Horse bones and single specimens of bones of pig and small cattle were also identified. So the manufacture of such products was based on materials at hand.
In general, the set of bone products is common for Slavic sites. Considering that, if necessary, each artisan could make the bone items for himself, we can assume that they belonged to persons who were engaged in the treatment of animal raw materials, primarily of leather and fur.
THE UKRAINIAN HORIZONS OF THE NORTH BLACK SEA AREA: HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Biliaieva S. O.
Published: November 2021

The important role in the history of Ukrainian lands belong to the North Pontic Area. Last decades the revision of old position from one side and the growing of the attention towards the problems of this region take place. The beginning of own ethnical development of Slavs tribes, known by «Ants» name or «Okrainni» by Indo-Iranian language. On the next stage of history, the tribes of Russ chronicle: Ulichi and Tyvertsy settled on Black Sea region. Colonization of this area by the Slavs lasted through more than 500 years, which created the fundamental ethnical base of autochthone population. With formation of Kyiv Russ the North Black Sea area take the important place in political, economic, ethno cultural and trade fields of the new country. The numerous settlements fixed on the Lower Dnieper and other rivers in spite of numerous nomadic tribes: every society occupy the own part of the landscape in connection from their economic type. In the of Post Kyiv Russ and Lithuanian-Russ federation, the South Russ principalities preserved their traditions and continue the progressive development. At the end of the XIV — at the beginning of XV centuries the new fortification line built under the chief of the Great Prince Vitovt in the North Black Sea Area, which opened the new stage of fortification: stone fortresses. The brilliant example of this kind is the first stone fortress Tyagin of the South part of the Lithuanian-Russ principality, as a part of the early Ukraine. In the time of Crimean-Ottoman administration in region, the Christiania autochthone population with Ukrainian part also, continue to live in the North Black sea area and became the region of Cossack colonization. The artefacts of Ukrainian culture founded in the course of the archaeological excavation (Akkerman, Ochakiv) even in the Ottoman fortresses. The anthropological investigations support the existence of great part of the settled population, which take the considerable morphological contacts with Ukrainians of the South, Central and West regions of the XVII—XIX centuries. The important factor of the living of Christian population, including Ukrainians, was the existence and activity of the Brailiv metropolis of the Konstantinopol patriarchate in the middle of the XVI—XIX cent., which escape the large area from Braila to Tyagin. The archaeological investigation of the South Ukraine increase the possibility of the knowledge of the Ukrainian history from the new modern position.
CHRONOLOGY AND PERIODIZATION OF THE VOLGA-DON BABYNE CULTURE
Authors: Mymokhod R. O.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to establishing the chronology and periodization of the Volga-Don Babyne culture, which is the eastern part of the Babyne cultural circle. VDBC has changed from a «Krivaya Luka cultural group» to a full-fledged culture. An important contribution to this process was made by V. V. Otroshchenko. The basis for establishing the chronology and development of the periodization of VDBC are stratigraphic data, the presence of narrowly dated categories of inventory and a series of radiocarbon dating. Stratigraphic data show that the burials of the VDBC in the mounds follow the catacomb and Poltavka mounds and are covered by the tombs of the beginning of the Late Bronze Age. This fact allows us to date it to the end of the Middle Bronze Age. The sequence of cultures in the Lower Volga region is catacomb / Poltavka — VDBC — chariot cultures. There is a series of stratigraphic connections between the burials of post-catacomb cultural formations, where Babyne burials overlap the Lola ones and vice versa. This also confirms the dating of the VDBC within the post-catacomb horizon. Due to the presence of narrowly dated categories of inventory in the VDBC inventory complex (buckles, a bar with two constrictions, crates, set-arrow-makers, petal and horn beads, a bronze cap of Caucasian origin, etc.) it is possible to develop a two-stage periodization of the culture. Most of the diagnostic inventory belongs to the early stage. Two periods of VDBC correspond to two phases (early and advanced) of the post-catacomb block development. VDBC can be synchronized with the first and second stages of the Lola culture and DDBC, as well as with the first stage of the DPBC. The VDBC radiocarbon database contains 18 dates, of which 7 are AMS dates. All of them show a good degree of convergence, which makes it possible to date the culture of the XXII—XX centuries BC. Comparison of this series with 14C data from the other Babyne cultures and the Lola cultural circle confirms the established synchronization lines.
A BURIAL MOUND IN THE TOWN OF CIMIŞLIA IN SOUTHERN PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA: RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY OF THE BURIALS
Authors: Popovici S. , Kaiser E.
Published: November 2021

The grave mound 8 the in city of Cimişlia, Republic Moldova is located on the first terrace of the Cogвlnic River. Burials from the Eneolithic to the Sarmatian period, a ditch and cult structure have been discovered in it. The relative and absolute dating of the burial series of the Eneolithic — Early Bronze Age is being clarified.
KURGAN ON BRIIENN HILL NEAR ARTSYZ CITY
Authors: Alekseeva I. L. , Boltryk Yu. V. , Sapozhnykov I. V.
Published: November 2021

The article publishes materials of a mound excavated in 1972 in the steppes of Budzhak near Artsyz. The topography and cartography of this archaeological site are first considered. The 6 m high embankment was filled in five steps. It contains 23 burials, 21 of which date from the Bronze Age and two from the Scythian period. The original embankment was built over the burial of the Usatov culture. For the second time, the mound was poured over the bearers of the pit culture. This burial is surrounded by a cromlech and is central to eight burials of pit culture. The cromlech is made of the plates put on an edge, has diameter of 13 m. The sizes of plates from 1.2 m to 0.8 m. Around the cromlech the ditch 2.0 m wide and 1.0 m deep is dug. The third embankment was completed at implementation of inlet pits burials. The fourth mound, which consisted mainly of yellow forest and is connected with the graves of the Babyn Cultural Circle, brought the size of the mound to a height of 5 m and a diameter of 28 m were considered interconnected. But these burials are divorced both in time and in the space of the mound. The burial of the warrior was on a slope, and 12—13 m from him, a horse grave was found on top. Prior to the excavations, the mound was used to extract humus, and probably the tomb, which was accompanied by horses, was destroyed at the same time.
Artifacts from this mound are partially published. The most popular of these is the golden cone of Scythian times. However, the authors propose a full publication of the findings and a new interpretation of the purpose of these mysterious artifacts. In particular, there is reason to believe that gold cones were used for smoking narcotic plants.
An interesting element of the reins from the tomb of horses is a pair of silver muzzles with an engraved composition. The upper part of the snout has a sharp protrusion in the form of the head of a bird of prey, its eyes and beak are traced. The schematism of the decor of the muzzle is probably the result of a certain syncretism generated by the pressure of the Scythian semantic tradition on the Thracian performers. It is probable that the sheet from Artsiz is a prototype of the so-called bird-beaking nostrils.
Analysis of the artifacts of the two Scythian complexes indicates a certain chronological distance between them. The burial of the soldier belongs to the time of the First Zavadska Grave (450—430 BC), and the grave of horses is close to the second tomb of Solokha (400—380 BC). That is, the chronological interval between the complexes is the life of one or two generations.
REAL BURIALS OR CENOTAPHS? A STUDY OF THE MYSTERIOUS UNDER-MOUND FUNERARY CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE TRZCINIEC CULTURAL CIRCLE
Authors: Romaniszyn J. , Makarowicz P.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to present a complex analysis of recently recognised funeral structures discovered in Trzciniec Cultural Circle barrows. These features are rectangular and stones are typically situated in the corners, in the middle of the sides, or along the walls, creating unique structures with clearly delineated interior spaces. However, the function of these features is not well understood. This feature form is fragile and slight, which makes them difficult to record using traditional excavation methods. The majority of these features have been discovered over the last decade now that new documentation and exploration tools are available to archaeologists. These constructions are only known from barrow cemeteries and the remains of in situ cremation were also documented in their context. Their occurrence confirms the variety and complexity of funeral rites of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle community. To date, eight structures of this type are known. Four (Barrow 1/I/2010 — Feature 3; Barrow 7/I/2014 — Features 6 and 7; Barrow 2/I/2010/2012 — Feature 1) were registered in the Bukivna cemetery during the Polish-Ukrainian expedition realized by scholars from Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kiev, and Vasyl Stephanyk Precarpathian University in Ivano-Frankivsk. The study of archival materials from pre-war excavations conducted by T. Sulimirski and J. Grabowski in Komariv revealed another three features of this type (Barrow 34 — Features A and B; Barrow 45 — Feature 1). One structure of this type (Grave 2) was also excavated in Nieciecz Włościańska in the northeast enclave of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle during recent investment research.
Due to radiocarbon analysis, the authors have securely established the chronology of these features. The obtained radiocarbon values indicate that these constructions were erected during the classic stage of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle, attributable to the 18 to 16th centuries BC, which was confirmed by archaeological material found within these features.
The discussion of the function and symbolism of these constructions suggest that they could play the role of burials. This is also suggested by geochemical analysis of soil samples from the Bukivna cemetery. However, due to the lack of osteological material in most of these features, this aspect remains shrouded in mystery and requires additional studies. Regardless, the form, location in barrows, and funerary inventory of these features suggest that they played important role in funeral rites of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle society.
Da França para o Brasil - a Literatura Portuguesa a Agradecer
Authors: Fialho Irene
Published: November 2021

Em 1884 Mariano Pina escrevia nas páginas da Gazeta de Notícias do Rio de Janeiro, jornal de que era correspondente em Paris, um artigo dedicado a Eça de Queirós. Escondidas sob a aparente forma de uma crónica banal, versando o encontro de dois amigos, nela encontramos informações relevantes, esclarecedoras de factos desconhecidos da vida e da obra do romancista português.
Distributional properties of semantic interference in picture naming: Bayesian meta-analyses
Authors: Fuhrmeister Pamela , Bürki Audrey
Published: November 2021

Studies of word production often make use of picture-naming tasks, including the picture-word-interference task. In this task, participants name pictures with superimposed distractor words. They typically need more time to name pictures when the distractor word is semantically related to the picture than when it is unrelated (the semantic interference effect). The present study examines the distributional properties of this effect in a series of Bayesian meta-analyses. Meta-analytic estimates of the semantic interference effect first show that the effect is present throughout the reaction time distribution and that it increases throughout the distribution. Second, we find a correlation between a participant’s mean semantic interference effect and the change in the effect in the tail of the reaction time distribution, which has been argued to reflect the involvement of selective inhibition in the naming task. Finally, we show with simulated data that this correlation emerges even when no inhibition is used to generate the data, which suggests that inhibition is not needed to explain this relationship.
Analisis Performa pada Video Graphic Array (VGA) Nvidia GTX 950M DDR3 dan Nvidia GTX 950M GDDR5
Authors: Adrian Yosef , Lesmana Rachel Caroline , Sudimanto
Published: November 2021

Video Graphic Array card (VGA) berfungsi untuk memproses data grafik atau sinyal digital pada komputer lalu kemudian sinyal grafik tersebut ditransfer ke layar monitor. VGA card yang dipakai untuk benchmark adalah NVIDIA GTX 950M GDDR5 dan NVIDIA GTX 950M DDR3. VGA card ini cukup diminati karena harga yang terjangkau serta performa yang tinggi dimana kartu grafis ini sudah mempunyai lebar jalur data (bus width) sebesar 128 bit serta terdiri dari varian DDR3 dan GDDR5. Pengambilan data spesifikasi dan performa diambil dari situs Jagat Review Gatot Tri [9] dan Notebookcheck Otshoff [8] yang mana dari data tersebut akan dilakukan analisa terhadap hasil benchmark yang didapat. Berdasarkan data dari spesifikasi dan benchmarking VGA card yang diperoleh, diketahui bahwa perbedaan Double-Data-Rate (DDR) pada Video Random Access Memory (VRAM) berpengaruh besar pada proses merender dan menampilkan gambar. VGA card memiliki komponen-komponen yang saling bekerja sama secara sederhana yaitu chip GPU, besar VRAM, dan tipe DDR. Oleh karena itu, perbedaan tipe DDR pada sebuah VGA card merupakan hal penting dalam performansi sebuah kartu grafis.
The experience of “existence” with the cinematographic screen: the identification context
Authors: Chmil Hanna
Published: November 2021

The article provides a deep analysis of a vast range of human experiences by means of highlighting the mechanisms of identification and the ways of their conceptualization. The present study grounds on the assumption that contemporary screen theories regard screen experience as a broad concept rather than a bunch of processes of visual consumption. Consequently, a creative product is viewed as a means for enriching human experience through the interaction of two types of embodiment and subjectivity: a human and a screen one. Such experience is construed via games with material features of the environment. A game creates space that encourages convergence with the object and accounts for the identification with the film as an event rather than identification with characters that are in the centre of the plot development. Drawing on contemporary touch aesthetics, the authors of the article reveal tactile features of screen experience proving that tactility deals not only with skin or screen but permeates through all the parts of viewer’s body as well as the film body.
Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Dampak Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PT. Damai Jaya Lestari di Kecamatan Tanggetada Kabupaten Kolaka, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Helviani Helviani , Kasmin Muh. Obi , Juliatmaja Aan Wilhan , Nursalam Nursalam , Syahrir H.
Published: November 2021

Persepsi masyarakat terhadap perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. Damai Jaya Lestari (DJL), merupakan suatu proses kognitif yang dialami oleh setiap orang (masyarakat) di dalam memahami informasi tentang lingkungannya terkait dampak berdirinya perkebunan kelapa sawit. PT. DJL adalah perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang bergerak dalam pengolahan hasil sawit minyak mentah. Masyarakat sekitar terkhusus masyarakat Desa Rahanggada, Desa Popalia dan Desa Oneeha merupakan desa-desa yang menjadi akses jalan menuju perusahaan, jarak lokasi yang tidak terlalu jauh antara perusahaan dan pemukiman penduduk desa akan memberikan dampak yang akan dirasakan oleh masyarakat desa, dampak tersebut dari segi ekonomi dan sosial yang bersifat positif maupun negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap dampak berdirinya perkebunan kelapa sawit. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode proporsional cluster, yakni dari setiap populasi diambil 10 % untuk dijadikan sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa dampak ekonomi terhadap perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. DJL di Desa Rahanggada dan Desa Popalia termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik dan baik (berpengaruh positif). Sedangkan di Desa Oneeha termasuk dalam kategori netral. Dampak sosial terhadap perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. DJL di Desa Rahanggada dan Desa Popalia termasuk dalam kategori tidak baik. Dan di Desa Oneeha juga termasuk dalam kategori yang sangat tidak baik (berpengaruh negatif). Dampak lingkungan terhadap perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. DJL di Desa Rahanggada, Popalia dan Oneeha termasuk dalam kategori tidak baik, sangat tidak baik dan (berpengaruh negatif).
Kajian Log Chain Industri Sabut Kelapa di Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Tooy Dedie , Mukuan Eva M. R. , Sue Lynda H.
Published: November 2021

Sebagai penghasil kelapa yang berkontribusi hampir 10% dari total produksi Indonesia, Sulawesi Utara masih kurang memanfaatkan sabut kelapa yang ada. Kajian Potensi Log Chain Industri Sabut Kelapa di Kab. Minahasa Selatan dan Kota Bitung dilaksanakan untuk menggambarkan log chain sabut kelapa di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan dan Kota Bitung dalam industri pengolahan sabut kelapa produk intermediate dan produk jadi, sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah meneliti beberapa potensi produk turunan sabut kelapa yang dapat dikembangkan dan diterapkan di kelompok tani dan UMKM di Kota Bitung, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Metode penelitian adalah dengan metode eksploratif kuantitatif dengan melakukan survey, wawancara dan penelusuran kepustakaan. Data kuantitatif primer dan sekunder yang didapatkan diolah untuk mendeskripsikan proses log chain dan manajemen rantai pasok sabut kelapa. Dari segi log chain, dua industi sabut kelapa yang ada, kapasitas produksi industri masih sangat kecil, dan nilainya tidak sampai 40% potensi sabut kelapa di kota Bitung. Sistem log chain industri sabut kelapa, tergambar arus barang/produk sangat sederhana, yaitu dari petani kopra penghasil sabut kelapa dikumpulkan oleh pengumpul untuk selanjutnya dibawa ke industri sabut. Sewaktu-waktu, industri dapat secara langsung mengambil bahan baku ke petani/industri kopra sekitar. Faktor biaya logistik ekspor merupakan faktor penting dalam pengembangan industri sabut kelapa ke depan. Biaya ini mempengaruhi harga beli sabut kelapa sebagai bahan baku yang nilainya masih relatif rendah.
Dosis óptimas de nutrientes para cafetales en producción.
Consideraciones económicas
Authors: Sadeghian Siavosh , Duque Orrego Hernando
Published: November 2021

Cuando las recomendaciones de la fertilización se basan en los resultados de investigación, se minimizan los riesgos económicos y ambientales; de allí la importancia de conocer la información científica que se ha generado al respecto. Este Avance Técnico tiene como objetivo presentar algunas consideraciones técnicas y económicas que soportan las recomendaciones de las dosis de nutrientes en café para condiciones de Colombia.
THIRD-ORDER GENERALIZED DISCONTINUOUS IMPULSIVE PROBLEMS ON THE HALF-LINE
Authors: Minhós Feliz , Carapinha Rui
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we improve the existing results in the literature by presenting weaker sufficient conditions for the solvability of a third-order impulsive problem on the half-line, having generalized impulse effects. More precisely, our nonlinearities do not need to be positive nor sublinear and the monotone assumptions are local ones. Our method makes use of some truncation and perturbed techniques and on the equiconvergence at infinity and the impulsive points. The last section contains an application to a boundary layer flow problem over a stretching sheet with and without heat transfer.
The Role of the Yarkovsky Effect in the Long-term Dynamics of Asteroid (469219) Kamo’oalewa
Authors: Fenucci Marco , Novaković Bojan
Published: November 2021

The Near-Earth asteroid (469219) Kamo’oalewa (aka 2016 HO3) is an Earth coorbital and a potential space mission target. Its short-term dynamics are characterized by a periodic switching between quasisatellite and horseshoe configurations. Due to its small diameter of only about 36 m, the Yarkovsky effect may play a significant role in the long-term dynamics. In this work, we addressed this issue by studying the changes in the long-term motion of Kamo’oalewa caused by the Yarkovsky effect. We used an estimation of the magnitude of the Yarkovsky effect assuming different surface compositions and introduced the semimajor axis drift by propagating orbits of test particles representing the clones of the nominal orbit. Our simulations showed that the Yarkovsky effect may cause Kamo’oalewa to exit from the Earth coorbital region a bit faster when compared to a purely gravitational model. Nevertheless, it still could remain an Earth companion for at least 0.5 My in the future. Our results imply that Kamo’oalewa is the most stable Earth’s coorbital object known so far, not only from a short-term perspective but also on long timescales.
Expressions of Nuclear Factor-kappa B and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-Gamma Proportional with Clinical Staging of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Farhat Farhat , Rahmi Elvita , Chrestella Jessy , Williamson Osvaldo , Syari Raudah Putri
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy induced by the mutation of the transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma). There was no known of the study about the association and targeted therapy of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma-induced NPC.

AIM: This study analyzed and compared the proportion of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma and its association with the clinical characteristic of various NPC patients.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study and conducted in Adam Malik General Hospital. The samples were paraffin block tissue obtained from 58 NPC patients and underwent immunohistochemistry staining for NF-kB or PPAR-gamma overexpression in March–November 2018. Determination of overexpression was based on the immunoreactive score. The association of NF-kB or PPAR-gamma overexpression with the clinical characteristics of the patients was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test.

RESULTS: This study showed a significant increase of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma (p < 0.05). Male was found common than women (3.46:1) with non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma as the most common form of NPC (75.9%) and the 41–60 years old is the most common age (56.9%). Overexpression of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma was found mostly in T3-T4 (66.0%; 69.6%), N+ (92.5%; 91.3%), and clinical Stage IV (67.9%; 73.9%), respectively.

CONCLUSION: The number of samples overexpressed was proportional to the clinical stage of NPC. This study provides an insight into the relationship of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma to NPC, suggesting their role in the development of malignancy.
The Prevalence of Signs of Thyroid Pathology among Students of the Karaganda Medical University According to the Survey
Authors: Kasipovich Bekov Yernur , Kakenovna Omarbekova Nazgul , Kanatovna Akhmetova Mensulu , Vladimirovna Pozdnyakova Yelena , Kabdollovna Moldabayeva Altyn , Iltaevna Umirbaeva Assel , Toleutayevna Alibieva Dinara , Minbaevich Alyiev Ondassyn , Sarsenbaevna Batyrbekova Lyazat
Published: November 2021

AIM: The objectives of the study were to study the signs of thyroid dysfunction in students at the Karaganda Medical University.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was conducted among students of the Karaganda Medical University in the amount of two hundred people. Statistical methods were used for comparison among students of different courses.

RESULTS: Among junior students, signs of thyroid dysfunction were more pronounced than among senior students. More than half of the examined students had a diagnosed thyroid pathology, which was more pronounced in students of one and two courses.

CONCLUSION: Undergraduates are more likely to exhibit signs of stress-related thyroid dysfunction.
The Effect of Disaster Management Education on Mother’s Under Five Preparedness Facing Floods In Aceh Province
Authors: Rachmawati Rachmawati , Novita Rosi , Fitria Ida
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: The flood disaster has had various impacts on the people in Aceh. One of the groups prone to flooding is mothers with toddlers. Efforts should be made to increase capacity, understanding, and knowledge through education and education for disaster preparedness to reduce the risk of occurring.

AIM: Analyzing the effect of disaster management education on the Preparedness of mothers under five in Aceh.

METHODS: This type of research is a quasi-experimental study using the One-Group Pretest-Posttest. The sample in this study was 51 mothers of children under five who were willing to sample and resided in two flood-affected villages. Data collection on the Preparedness of mothers under five in this study was carried out using pre-test and post-test questionnaires before and after the provision of disaster education. Data analysis using bivariate used dependent T-test and correlation analysis used Rank Spearman correlation.

RESULTS: The results showed a significant difference in the mean value of knowledge, attitudes, and Preparedness of under-five mothers before and after receiving education about disasters, as evidenced by statistical tests using the dependent t-test p < 0.05. Measurement of the pre-test and post-test scores on the average increase in knowledge from before 89.45 to 94.53 after education provision. The attitude variable also increased on average from 39.43 to 48.40 after the provision of education. The preparedness variable also increased on average from 50.69 to 58.28 after the provision of education.

CONCLUSION: Disaster management education has provided increased knowledge, attitudes, and Preparedness for mothers under five to flood disasters.
The Vertical Soft Tissue Thickness and Subcrestal Implant Placement as Factors for Peri-implant Crestal bone Stability
Authors: Veljanovski Darko , Atanasovska-Stojanovska Aneta , Pivkova-Veljanovska Aleksandra , Mijiritsky Eitan , Bollen Curd
Published: November 2021

Aim
The aim of this prospective study was to determine the influence of vertical soft tissue thickness on bone level changes in platform-switched implants placed eqicrestally or subcrestally and restored with screw-retained or cement-retained restorations.
Methods
Platform-switched bone-level implants were placed in a single stage manner in the posterior mandibular region. Implant sites were divided into thick (control) and thin (test) vertical soft tissue groups. The implants in the control group were placed equicrestally. The implant sites from the control group were randomly allocated to receive equicrestally or subcrestally placed implants. Bone remodeling/loss was radiographically measured at baseline, three months postoperatively and six months after delivery of final prosthetic restoration.
Results
The mean crestal bone loss values three months postoperatively and six months post prosthetic restoration were higher in sites with thin versus sites with thick gingiva. In implant sites with thin gingiva, subcrestally placed implants presented less bone loss than eqicrestally placed implants.
Conclusion
Platform switched implants are prone to more bone loss when they are placed in sites with thin soft tissue, regardless of the type of final restoration (screw-retained or cement-retained). Subcrestal placement of platform-switched implants can prevent crestal bone loss in sites with vertical soft tissue thickness < 3 mm.
The Role of Cultural Capital in Strengthening the Relationship between Need and Demand for Contraceptive Devices and Drugs in Several Cultural Areas in Indonesia
Authors: Mahalia Lamia Diang , Supriyanto Stefanus
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Acceptor’s decision to use particular contraceptive devices/drugs is influenced by cultural capital. Cultural capital has three forms: Embodied state, objectified state, and institutionalized state.

AIM: This study aimed to analyze the influence of culture as a moderating variable on the relationship between need and demand for contraceptive devices/drugs in several cultural areas in Indonesia.

METHODS: This observational study used a cross-sectional design. The criteria for research subjects were: (1) Women at child-bearing age who were currently using contraceptive devices/drugs of IUD, implants, pills, or injections; (2) Aged 15–49 years old; and (3) Indonesian citizens who come from Dayak and Javanese cultural areas. Sampling was performed using the multistage random sampling technique. The data were obtained through questionnaire and analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) statistical test.

RESULTS: The results of statistical tests showed that there was a significant relationship between the need and use of contraception (p = 0.000). The amount of influence between need and demand for contraceptive devices/drugs contraceptives reached 79.2% (R2 = 0.7 92). It was found that cultural capital (objectified state and institutionalized state) did not have a significant relationship with demand (p = 0.113) and had an insignificant moderating effect value (p = 0.722). Thus, it can be interpreted that cultural capital (objectified state and institutionalized state) is a variable that has the potential to become a moderating variable that can affect the strength of the relationship between need and demand. The original sample moderating effect value was positive at 0.017, meaning that the cultural capital moderating variable can strengthen the relationship between the need and demand for contraceptive devices/drugs.

CONCLUSION: There is a significant relationship between need and demand for contraceptive devices/drugs. Culture capital (objectified state and institutionalized state) is a variable that has the potential to become a moderating variable that can strengthen the relationship between the need and demand for contraceptive devices/drugs. Therefore, a cultural approach is needed so that acceptors can use contraceptive devices/drugs that suit their needs.
The time-area fishing closure impacts on fish stock; Qiantang River before and after a four-month fishing closure
Authors: Zhang Aiju , Luo Wei , Wang Jun , Zhou Zhimin
Published: November 2021

Fishing closures, commonly used to manage fisheries’ catch, involve temporarily closing a body of water to particular fishing gears to control fishing effort and protect feeding and spawning areas. In recent years in Qiantang River of China, with the socio-economic development, protection of fish stock has become increasingly urgent. The year 2019 was the first year that Qiantang River was included in the unified fishing ban system for the south of Yangtze River basin. Here, fish captures and hydroacoustic surveys were carried out in the research area of Qiantang River in order to present comparative descriptions of the dominant fish species, the temporal changes of fish size, density, biomass, and distribution affected by the four-month fishing closure in 2019. The results showed that Pseudobrama simoni (Bleeker, 1864) was the most dominant species both before and after the closure by using the traditional capture method. The mean target strength (TS) of overall fish after closure was –50.28 ± 0.19 dB, which was lower than that before, resulting in a significantly shorter derived mean length (13.42 ± 0.74 cm). The mean fish density and calculated biomass after closure were both significantly higher than that before it. More than 50% of fish species were distributed in the water of 5–20 m depth after the closure, which likely occurred in water deeper than 20 m before. Meanwhile, fewer outliers were found in different depth categories after closure. It is concluded that the four-month closure in 2019 had a positive effect on fish size, density, and biomass, leading to protection of pelagic fishes and a more even distribution of fish.
Revision of the genus Cenophengus LeConte, 1881 (Coleoptera, Phengodidae), with the description of four new species, new geographic records and a new synonymy
Authors: Vega-Badillo Viridiana , Morrone Juan J. , Zaragoza-Caballero Santiago
Published: November 2021

A taxonomic revision of the genus Cenophengus LeConte, 1881 (Coleoptera: Phengodidae) is provided, including new data on geographic ranges of the species. This is the first time this genus has been recorded for Belize and in Honduras. Four new species (C. gardunoi, C. saasil, C. tsiik and C. zuritai) are described and a new synonymy (C. guerrerensis, Zaragoza-Caballero, 1991 = C. major Wittmer, 1976) is established. The study includes a key to the 30 valid species, diagnoses, descriptions, photographs and distribution maps.
A two-grid mixed finite volume element method for nonlinear time fractional reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: Fang Zhichao ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China, Du Ruixia , Li Hong , Liu Yang
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a two-grid mixed finite volume element (MFVE) algorithm is presented for the nonlinear time fractional reaction-diffusion equations, where the Caputo fractional derivative is approximated by the classical $ L1 $-formula. The coarse and fine grids (containing the primal and dual grids) are constructed for the space domain, then a nonlinear MFVE scheme on the coarse grid and a linearized MFVE scheme on the fine grid are given. By using the Browder fixed point theorem and the matrix theory, the existence and uniqueness for the nonlinear and linearized MFVE schemes are obtained, respectively. Furthermore, the stability results and optimal error estimates are derived in detailed. Finally, some numerical results are given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Not all fun and games: Potential incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games
Authors: Linton Natalie M. ,   School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Jung Sung-mok , Nishiura Hiroshi ,   Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Published: November 2021

The Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games represent the most diverse international mass gathering event held since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Postponed to summer 2021, the rescheduled Games were set to be held amidst what would become the highest-ever levels of COVID-19 transmission in the host city of Tokyo. At the same time, the Delta variant of concern was gaining traction as the dominant viral strain and Japan had yet to exceed fifteen percent of its population fully vaccinated against COVID-19. To quantify the potential number of secondary cases that might arise during the Olympic Games, we performed a scenario analysis using a multitype branching process model. We considered the different contributions to transmission of Games accredited individuals, the general Tokyo population, and domestic spectators. In doing so, we demonstrate how transmission might evolve in these different groups over time, cautioning against any loosening of infection prevention protocols and supporting the decision to ban all spectators. If prevention measures were well observed, we estimated that the number of new cases among Games accredited individuals would approach zero by the end of the Games. However, if transmission was not controlled our model indicated hundreds of Games accredited individuals would become infected and daily incidence in Tokyo would reach upwards of 4,000 cases. Had domestic spectators been allowed (at 50% venue capacity), we estimated that over 250 spectators might have arrived infected to Tokyo venues, potentially generating more than 300 additional secondary infections while in Tokyo/at the Games. We also found the number of cases with infection directly attributable to hypothetical exposure during the Games was highly sensitive to the local epidemic dynamics. Therefore, reducing and maintaining transmission levels below epidemic levels using public health measures would be necessary to prevent cross-group transmission.
Variación en el sistema de cuantificadores: el caso de harto
Authors: González Rodríguez Raquel , Sánchez López Cristina
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo aborda el estudio de harto como cuantificador en el español de Chile, donde esta pieza léxica puede usarse como determinante y cuantificador de grado. Se describirán esos dos usos y se propondrá que, en el español de Chile, harto es un cuantificador impreciso, como mucho, y no uno de exceso como demasiado. Se mostrará, además, que el proceso de gramaticalización de harto adjetivo a cuantificador se dio en español antiguo, donde el cuantificador harto funcionaba de forma paralela a como lo hace actualmente en el español de Chile.
De las copulativas identificativas a las justificativas con es que
Authors: Pérez Saldanya Manuel , Hualde José Ignacio
Published: November 2021

Las construcciones encabezadas por es que se utilizan, entre otras cosas, para justificar lo dicho, el acto de habla realizado, la réplica que se introduce, etc. Estas construcciones justificativas se formaron a partir de copulativas identificativas del tipo lo que ocurre / el problema es que... en contextos en los que no se explicita el sujeto y emerge una inferencia de causalidad. La construcción empieza a documentarse en el siglo XVI e inicialmente se usa para introducir una explicación o una justificación de lo dicho. A este significado se añade muy pronto un valor contrastivo, sobre todo en contextos de réplica, y más tarde, coincidiendo con la gran difusión de la construcción en la lengua coloquial, un valor expresivo en oraciones exclamativas.
Un vulgarizador al servicio de Heredia: el Justino en las crónicas
Authors: Romero Cambrón Ángeles
Published: November 2021

Juan Fernández de Heredia patrocinó una traducción desde el latín de las Historiae de Paulo Orosio. Su autor, cuyo nombre desconocemos, fue indudablemente un hombre de letras de excelente preparación. Examinando la “técnica de traducción” empleada, creemos que a él se deben algunas secciones más incorporadas a las crónicas. Sin embargo, por encima de particularidades individuales, los vulgarizadores heredianos compartían una técnica común (latinismos, pares sinonímicos...) y en sus traducciones se hallan coincidencias específicas (v. gr., mismos errores al verter algunos términos).
Operation Warp Speed as a “Moonshot”: Some Public Policy Lessons
Authors: Sowels Nicholas
Published: November 2021

This article presents Operation Warp Speed (OWS), a federal government project launched by the Trump administration in May 2020 to develop a vaccine against COVID-19. In contrast with the often incoherent and sometimes reckless behaviour of President Trump during the pandemic, OWS was a focussed and largely successful initiative to support vaccine research, manufacture, and delivery. It contributed to the discovery and early deployment of several vaccines within a year and paved the way for a comparatively effective vaccination campaign in the United States in 2021, which later met popular resistance along partisan lines. The article examines OWS as a public-private partnership to achieve a “moonshot”, drawing on Mariana Mazzucato’s work on Mission Economics which calls for more pro-active government action to tackle major economic, environmental, and social challenges. The article then qualifies the success of OWS as a moonshot, pointing to the competitive market elements built into the project which also helped ensure its success. Finally, this research strives to examine OWS and the US vaccination rollout using complexity analysis, to give some perspective to the emergence of vaccine resistance behaviour as of spring 2021.
Entre grand système et alternatives d’approvisionnement en eau à Lima et La Paz
Authors: Hardy Sébastien , Robert Jérémy
Published: November 2021

Les systèmes de production et d’approvisionnement en eau potable des agglomérations de Lima et de La Paz sont complexes. Ils mobilisent des territoires variés sans pour autant mettre en œuvre une solidarité territoriale équilibrée. Le déploiement de ces systèmes souvent juxtaposés est lié au développement d’hydrocraties locales et de débrouilles quotidiennes. A partir d’une comparaison des agglomérations de Lima et de La Paz, cet article propose d’analyser les caractéristiques et les évolutions des systèmes mettant alors en évidence un ensemble de défis concernant les relations (souvent inégales) entre territoires et leur flexibilité face aux contraintes liées au changement climatique et aux dynamiques d’urbanisation.
Donner à voir l’empreinte territoriale d’un itinéraire culturel et de ses circulations par l’image géographique associée au discours
Authors: Lagarde David , Panegos Patricia , Rayssac Sébastien
Published: November 2021

Cet article vise à questionner le processus de construction d’une exposition sur les chemins de Compostelle basée sur la mobilisation et la production d’images géographiques associées aux discours. À partir des discours collectés auprès des marcheurs et des acteurs du développement qui facilitent leurs mobilités, comment les images - ici géographiques - sont-elles élaborées et comment favorisent-elles la production d’un savoir scientifique et sa vulgarisation ?