bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial extension for a canine with partial forelimb amputation
Authors: Garrido - Silva, et. al. G.
Published: January 2025

When a canine presents a serious case of disease, injury or necrosis, it is imperative to perform an amputation procedure, whatever the affected limb is, since it can minimize the risk of developing pathologies related to tissues, joints and spine, associated with an altered gait and/or unequal distribution of forces in their limbs. Thus, improvement alternatives arise such as prostheses which help to improve the quality of life of canines. The article proposes the development of a functional prototype of prosthesis for canines with partial forelimb amputation through the design and 3D modeling of the prosthesis, together with the selection of the material that adapts to the morphological conditions of the canine. Also, a cushioning system is incorporated to minimize the force of the impact with the ground when performing activities such as jumping, running or walking. Finally, the electronic component is included in the design and the respective electronic and biomechanical tests are carried out to verify its correct operation.
Analysis of a piezoelectric energy harvester system from footsteps of passersby
Authors: Sandoval- Rodríguez, et. al. C. L.
Published: January 2025

Piezoelectric materials can be used in applications designed to handle a wide range of input frequencies and forces to enable energy harvesting. Although several studies have been carried out on piezoelectric energy harvesting systems, this application is still under development. The purpose of this work is to analyze the behavior and the ability to generate electrical energy through the elements in piezoelectric tiles or platforms, specifically, piezoelectric disc elements with a diameter of 27 mm. To do this, a platform of about 130 x 75 cm was designed to capture the footsteps of people and transmit the impact force to sensors to determine the power generation capacity of the piezoelectric elements. Tests were carried out with people weighing between 75 kg and 85 kg and the measurements obtained made possible to identify the behavior of the system and to develop a mathematical model to estimate the energy generated through the platform.The piezoelectric elements used here proved to be fragile despite the different types of shock absorbers used to avoid their rupture. Therefore, it is recommended to delve into the design of protection mecha-nisms to extend the life of piezoelectric elements in energy collection systems.
Identification of energetically critical processes for cocoa production in Santander, Colombia
Authors: Sandoval-Rodriguez, et. al. Camilo Leonardo
Published: January 2025

The intensification of industrial activities in post-harvest cocoa processes has generated a disproportionate increase in energy consumption. The objective of this work is to describe those energetically critical ones that are used in the cocoa production line in Santander so that further research can evaluate the implementa-tion of alternative or renewable energy systems. Through the collection of information and data manage-ment, it is seeking to promote the efficient use of energy based on the NTC ISO 500001. For this end, a description of the processes involved in the production of cocoa was made considering the technical data. Then, the energy consumed by the equipment used in the different processes was determined for 30 days, operating 24 hours a day, assuming power factors of 0.75 and 0.9. Finally, through analysis, calculations, and the application of the Pareto methodology, it was possible to identify that the process with the highest energy consumption is the cocoa refining step, since the equipment used in this process consumes more than 30% of energy from the total energy used for cocoa production.
Employing auxiliary natural lighting systems within the elements of traditional buildings: A special study on employing one of the auxiliary lighting techniques within one of the elements of a mosque in the ancient urban fabric
Authors: Ubaid Alaa Hadi
Published: January 2025

Technological development is considered one of the most important influences that contributed to the change of some design elements (formal and functional), both or each. Among these elements is the mina-ret. This was evident in the old urban fabric, and because of the existence of other basic reasons in the tradi-tional fabric, including the increase in the population of the weaving area, which led to the dispensation of the inner courtyard. It had changed from an element that has a shape and function to an element that has a shape only, to indicate the presence of a mosque this was evident in the old urban fabric .Due to the pres-ence  of other essential causes in the traditional fabric like the increase in population among the inhabitants of the fabric which led to  neglecting  the internal area , moreover climate change led to the use of window openings as outlets for air conditioning instruments ,the researcher employed the minaret to enable sunlight  inter the inner space of the mosque (prayer space) due to the importance of natural sunlight effect on peo-ple's psychological and physiological  health . This research was conducted in a clear sky of Babil province for latitude of (32.8) north, small samples were made measuring 1:20 for the minaret and the mosque space, a device for measuring the sunlight amount  (Multi-Function Environment Meter 4IN1) was used . Results showed an increase in natural sunlight reflected inside the space of the mosque. This study came out with the following recommendations, the importance of employing the archeological elements which their func-tions were altered by technological growth to enhance the internal environment with the finding of solutions to the amount of harmony in distributing sunlight (distributing natural sunlight harmoniously )
Development prediction algorithm of vehicle travel time based traffic data
Authors: Saleh, et. al. Muna Hadi
Published: January 2025

This work is based on encouraging a generous and conceivable estimation for modified an algorithm for vehicle travel times on a highway from the eliminated traffic information using set aside camera image groupings. The strategy for the assessment of vehicle travel times relies upon the distinctive verification of traffic state. The vehicle velocities are gotten from acknowledged vehicle positions in two persistent images by working out the distance covered all through elapsed past time doing mollification between the removed traffic flow data and cultivating a plan to unequivocally predict vehicle travel times. Erbil road data base is used to recognize road locales around road segments which are projected into the commended camera imag-es and later distinguished vehicles are assigned to the looking at route segment so instantaneous and current velocities are calculated. All data were effectively processed and visualized using both MATLAB and Py-thon programming language and its libraries.
The most common treatment methods through comparing the studies results of children with autism spectrum syndrome
Authors: Alshawwa, et. al. Samar Zuhair
Published: January 2025

Autism (ASM) is a group of neurodevelopmental condition capable of being diagnosed very early in childhood with variety of symptoms such as inability to communicate effectively, aggressive behaviour, and abnormal repetitive routines. The review compares the treatment of ASM with alternative modalities and pharmaceutical medications with evidence that parents prefer to use alternative medicine than pharmaceutical medications in treatment of ASM due to side effects and safety concerns associated with pharmaceutical medications. However, the review also highlights that pharmaceutical medications has no straightforward cure but have specialised drugs that can help manage specific associated symptoms with the syndrome, the (FDA) has only verified 2 drugs for ASM treatment (aripiprazole and risperidone) which help autistic children manage irritability problems associated with ASM syndromes, other drugs have not been adequately studied and not yet approved, therefore there are no evidence to support their use.
Evaluating the effect of unsteady air flow on a slotted aerofoil of wind turbines
Authors: Aljuhashy, et. al. Radwan M.
Published: January 2025

In this study, three types of aerofoils were examined at various angles of attack and at a steady value then fluctuated of air flow. Then, the findings were compared to the XFOIL prediction results. The experimental and simulation results were consistent to some extent with the XFOIL prediction results. The shape of the chosen aerofoils was modified by making a slot through the blade the aerofoil and studying their effect on the aerodynamics of the modified shape. The slotted aerofoil shape was studied as it faced a fluctuated wind flow. The results revealed that the increase in angles of attack, the lift force increased and approximated its maximum value and then began to decrease with the slot. During the calculations, a case study for the number of elements was done to obtain the best mesh. The experimental and simulations were conducted by using ANSYS CFD at Reynolds number 106 and AOA equals (0°, 4°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°) for three shapes of aerofoils which are without a slot, two of which are symmetrical, NACA 0012 and NACA 0015, and one asymmetrical, which is NACA 4415. The slotted aerofoil (existence of an opening after 40% from the leading edge) which is the NACA 0015 aerofoil, was simulated.
The behavior of sandy soils under different types of loading
Authors: Tawfeeq, et. al. Reem Siham
Published: January 2025

The method of reinforcement soil layers was a common technique to improve the ability of the soil to retain load and reduce settlement. The technique has been somewhat dependent, whereas, in the past, there was research on this method of design and analysis. So, soil improvement by reinforcing it must be analyzed correctly. The capacity of assuming the improved bearing capacity underground of reinforced sand was in-vestigated through the user's use of the test executor in diverse test cases. Here in this investigation, four various kinds of reinforcement materials have been used. Four circular models with different interior diame-ters were used to examine the effect of the circular ratio on the bearing capacity of the soil layer along the various reinforcing state of affairs. A typical plate load test was carried out with the presence of monotonous and periodic loading in three chains mentioned in tests of the monochrome plate loading on ringing base anchoring on layers of sand which are reinforced over Netlon CE121 Geo-grid as a material of reinforce-ment- 15 numbers, tests of periodic plate-load PLT along Geogrid (Netlon CE121) as materials of reinforc-ing - 15 number, the Monochromatic tests of plate-load over Geojute as a reinforcing material - 9 number, tests of periodic plate-load  PLT over Geojute as a reinforcing material - 9 number.
An intelligent approach for enhancing the quality of service in IoMT based on 5G
Authors: Ali, et. al. Noora Jamal
Published: January 2025

The concept and growth of superior individualized healthcare technologies are influenced in significant ways by the rising areas of “Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT)”. Most people use wearable devices for mHealth, hence there are many potential applications for the “Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)”. Only 5G can provide the necessary support for smart medical devices to perform many different types of demanding computing activities. Today, heart disease was the major mortality on a global scale. For patients who need a greater accurate diagnosis and treatment, the advancement of medical innova-tion has created new obstacles. Although many studies have focused on diagnosing cardiac disease, the find-ings are often inaccurate and fail to fulfill patients' expectations of quality of service (QoS).  So, this paper introduces a novel “feed-forward Bi-directional long-short term memory (FF-Bi-LSTM) algorithm to predict heart disease more accurately with enhanced QoS in IoMT based on 5G”. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and min-max normalization are employed, respectively, for preprocessing and feature extraction. Several measures, including precision, recall, accuracy, and f1-score, are used to the assess effectiveness of the suggested strategy. The proposed method also compared to certain existing techniques. These results show that the suggested strategy outperforms existing strategies in terms of improving QoS.
Examining the mediating role of strategic thinking on organizational performance: A quantitative analysis
Authors: Alnajem, et. al. Ahmed Abdel Qader Ismail
Published: January 2025

Currently, private universities are making significant efforts to keep up with changing market demands and societal expectations, particularly in an environment that is rapidly evolving such as Baghdad, Iraq. In order to maintain high standards and achieve excellence, they must continuously seek out the most effective prac-tices and strategies for success. Strategic management has been demonstrated to be an efficient tool for en-hancing institutional performance, and the university's organizational culture, which is comprised of tradi-tional institutional elements, is recognized as a significant factor in how organizations operate. Through the utilization of strategic thinking as a mediator, this research aims to evaluate and clarify how organizational culture impacts institutional excellence. A simple random sample was employed to gather information from individuals in managerial positions across multiple sections. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was em-ployed to explain the variables under examination. The outcomes and analyses reveal a high level of relative proportions for the variables under investigation and indicate an indirect relationship between the independ-ent and dependent variables. This research recommends several important suggestions and proposes addi-tional research avenues for further investigation
A Deep learning approach for trust-untrust nodes classification problem in WBAN
Authors: Mehdy,  et.al. Hala Shaker
Published: January 2025

The enormous growth in demand for WBAN services has resulted in a new set of security challenges. The capabilities of WBAN are developing to meet these needs. The complexity, heterogeneity, and instability of the mobile context make it difficult to complete these duties successfully. A more secure and flexible WBAN setting can be attained using a trust-untrust nodes classification, which is one method to satisfy the security needs of the WBAN. Considering this, we present a novel Deep Learning (DL) approach for classi-fying WBAN nodes using spatial attention based iterative DBN (SA-IDBN). Z-score normalization is used to remove repetitive entries from the input data. Then, Linear Discriminate Analysis (LDA) is employed to retrieve the features from the normalized data. In terms of accuracy, latency, recall, and f-measure, the sug-gested method's performance is examined and contrasted with some other current approaches. Regarding the classification of WBAN nodes, the results are more favorable for the suggested method than for the ones already in use.
Optimizing multi-antenna M-MIMO DM communication systems with advanced linearization techniques for RF front-end nonlinearity compensation in a comprehensive design and performance evaluation study
Authors: Jabbar, et. al. Mohanad Sameer
Published: January 2025

The study presented in this research focuses on linearization strategies for compensating for nonlinearity in RF front ends in multi-antenna M-MIMO OFDM communication systems. The study includes the design and evaluation of techniques such as analogue pre-distortion (APD), crest factor reduction (CFR), multi-antenna clipping noise cancellation (M-CNC), and multi-clipping noise cancellation (MCNC). Nonlinearities in RF front ends can cause signal distortion, leading to reduced system performance. To address this issue, various linearization methods have been proposed. This research examines the impact of antenna correlation on power amplifier efficiency and bit error rate (BER) of transmissions using these methods. Simulation studies con-ducted under high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes reveal that M-CNC and MCNC approaches offer significant improvement in BER performance and PA efficiency compared to other techniques. Additionally, the study explores the influence of clipping level and antenna correlation on the effectiveness of these meth-ods. The findings suggest that appropriate linearization strategies should be selected based on factors such as the number of antennas, SNR, and clipping level of the system.
Enhancing artificial intelligence in advanced database systems for Baghdad's urban transportation management
Authors: Raheem, et. al. Firas Saadallah
Published: January 2025

The issue of transportation in Iraqi cities, particularly Baghdad, is multifaceted and intricate, largely due to the horizontal expansion that puts pressure on services and exacerbates traffic congestion and bottlenecks. The ever-growing population and lack of regulation regarding vehicle imports further compound the situa-tion, making urban transportation in Iraq a challenging problem to address. The digital revolution has ush-ered in a new era of civilization, marked by significant advancements in communication technology and information systems. This transformation has led to the widespread adoption of communication and infor-mation technology in various sectors, including transportation management. However, the successful im-plementation of digital transportation initiatives requires the collection and organization of extensive data, which is then used to develop graphic and visual software technology, create communication networks, and define new functions for visual and audio files. In this digital age, transportation management has evolved into an interdisciplinary field that leverages the insights from various scientific domains to develop and pro-duce digital maps. The primary objective of digital organization is to recreate reality in a virtual environ-ment, enabling the manipulation of images and the seamless integration of locations beyond geographical boundaries.
Globalization and its impact on the local identity of architecture
Authors: Al-Zaidi Batool Moafaq , Khalil Safiya M.
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the concept of architectural identity and its relationship with globalization. It analyzes the various dimensions of architecture and its development, as well as the phenomenon of globalization and its impact on local architectural identity. The paper identifies two opposing trends in this context - globaliza-tion ideology and the emphasis on architectural identity. The research problem is focused on the impact of globalization on the local architectural identity of structural design. It aims to find ways to maintain, pro-mote, and develop architectural concepts and local architectural identity. The paper provides a literature review of globalization and explains its constituent parts, aims, and features, including its positive and nega-tive aspects and associated risks. It also explores the findings regarding cultural dimensions of globalization, focusing on the cultural dimension. The paper discusses the relationship between culture, globalization, architecture, and architectural identity while considering an intellectual extent as defined by one of its defi-nitions. Overall, this research aims to provide an optimal solution to counteract the negative impact of glob-alization on architectural identity and promote its development.
Hybrid neural machine translation with statistical and rule-based approach for syntactics and semantics between Tolaki-Indonesian-English languages
Authors: Yamin Muh , Sarno Riyanarto
Published: January 2025

Machine Translation (MT) incorporates syntax lexical extraction and semantics to predict accurate results. Indonesian have many factors compared to English that related with syntax, especially morphophonemic factors in the language study. These factors are influenced by Lexical type and function while effected MT to frequently mistranslate sentences containing these factors. Meanwhile, semantic extraction is heavily reliant on syntaxis extraction results to predict accurate Lexical translations. In this study, we propose a hybrid statistical and rule-based for MT method that can solve syntaxis and semantic Indonesian problems that conducted the Local Languages in it, particularly Tolaki. First, we developed lexical extraction tech-niques in Statistical and Rule Based Approach to compile into hybrid MT. This lexical extraction technique is divided into three major tasks: morphophonemic extraction, Lexical Function, and Lexical type extrac-tion. Then we forecast each output of forwards and backwards translations. We compare the predicted output to find accurate translations. Following that, we update the Lexical type based on the actual Lexical function for the translation updating process, which we mark as incorrect translation. Finally, we evaluated MT in both directions. As a result, the proposed method received significant evaluation results, with a percentage success of Indonesian-Tolaki to English translation achieved Precision 0.7231; Recall 0.7; F1-measure: 0.7114; Accuracy: 0.7417 and percentage of success English to Indonesian-Tolaki translation Precision: 0.7119; Recall: 0.7167; F1-measure: 0.7143; Accuracy: 0.7083.
Arabic fake news detection for Covid-19 using deep learning and machine learning
Authors: Aziz Raad Sadi , Sadiq Ahmed T. , Kherallah Monji , Douik Ali
Published: January 2025

When newspapers were the dominant form of conventional media, fake news was widespread. Due to the vast influence of such false news and the growing user reach of technical media sources (TV, Internet, social media, blogs). Humans have become more dependent on the news as they make daily decisions for ensuring the safety of their loved ones and themselves in the wake of COVID-19 becoming a pandemic which has impacted humans all over the world. Fake news, on the other hand, is on the verge of becoming a "second pandemic" or "infodemic," endangering the health of individuals all over the world. Previous research hasn't used fake news detection to coronavirus in Arabic due to the fact that fake news connected to coronavirus is such a recent occurrence. A total of 4 versions of the datasets used in this study have been produced (D0, D1, D2, and D3). To understand the effects of deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) techniques on any dataset, a total of 4 datasets were created. Also, the research analyzes them with regard to ML and DL to determine the efficacy of preprocessing (D1), raw dataset (D0), light stemming (D3), and root stemming (D2). Dataset version zero (D0) is finished when creating an excel file. From the first version (D0), three more versions (D2, D1, and D3) were created. This study examines the detection of fake news articles con-cerning COVID-19 on Facebook with the use of DL approaches, like the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks (Bi-LSTM), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Ara-Bert of Arabic text and ML techniques Linear Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). On testing data-set (D0), BERT yields the greatest accuracy of 97.32%
The effect of managers' overconfidence on cash holdings in companies listed on the Baghdad stock exchange: Mathematical analysis
Authors: Abdalkdoos Hossein Mohammad , Hashemi Seyyed Abbas , Hamidian Narges
Published: January 2025

One of company managers' most important financial decisions is to choose an optimal level of cash holdings so that cash deficit costs are reduced, and profit resources are directed in line with the company's profitabil-ity goals. Managers' overconfidence is one of the most critical factors affecting the company's cash Hold-ings. The raison d'être of overconfidence is the peace that people get from it. In this regard, the current re-search aims to mathematically investigate the effect of managers' overconfidence on cash Holdings in com-panies listed on the Baghdad Stock Exchange in the ten years between 2012 and 2022. The statistical popu-lation of this research was the companies admitted to the Baghdad Stock Exchange, and 50 companies were selected using the systematic elimination method. A multivariate regression method and combined data were used to test the hypotheses. The research findings based on mathematical analysis showed that managers' overconfidence does not affect companies' cash Holdings on the Baghdad Stock Exchange.
Social and economic factors shaping between-country inequalities in excess mortality during the consecutive waves of COVID-19: A European perspective
Authors: Kovács Katalin
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound but disproportionate impact on countries worldwide, with some experiencing tragically high levels of mortality. This raises the question of whether this outcome was the result of simple inappropriate use of the classic and new pandemic management tools or other factors such as health status or political orientation. To shed light on this issue, our study examines the drivers of excess mortality due to COVID-19 across European countries. Applying the technique of elastic net regression, we found that both markers of neoliberal and illiberal political orientations had an impact on pandemic outcomes, although their importance varied during the second and third waves of the pandemic. Furthermore, excess mortality was negatively associated with life expectancy and GDP. The intensity of the usage of pandemic management tools was mostly associated with the macro-level characteristics of the countries, with only a few having independent effects on excess mortality.
Keywords: COVID-19 excess mortality, non-pharmaceutical interventions, vaccination, illiberalism, neoliberalism
Age and gender dependence and the secular trend of death causes in the U.S., analysed on diversity curves
Authors: Rudolf Izsák, János Izsák
Published: January 2025

Age vs. death cause diversity curves seem to be the appropriate objects to study death cause diversity. The findings of the present paper are consistent with earlier findings of ad-hoc methodological pilot studies. The paper serves as a significant reference for further studies on epidemiological diversity or concentration. The diversity of death causes has become an important population character to be investigated recently. Its variations treated in the paper may correlate with other demographic characteristics of the population. Furthermore, the revealed variations in death cause diversity refer to the need for standardisation before comparing death cause diversities of various populations.
Keywords: diversity, concentration, death causes, age dependence, sex differences, secular changes
Könyv
Authors: Bagdi Róbert
Published: January 2025

Koloh Gábor: „Szántani lehet, de vetni nem muszáj”: Az ormánsági egykézés történetei (1790–1941). Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont Történettudományi Intézet, Budapest, 2021.
Hoóz István (1928-2023)
Authors: Murinkó Lívia
Published: January 2025

Hoóz István (1928-2023)
Idősödő társadalom az idősek arányának növekedése nélkül
Authors: Boros Julianna , Gál Róbert Iván
Published: January 2025

Az elmúlt két és fél évtizedben Magyarország népessége számottevően idősödött. Nőtt a medián életkor és a 65 évesek és idősebbek aránya a népességben. Ebben az idősödő népességben azonban nem nőtt az idősnek tekinthetők aránya, mert az  aktív életszakasz és az időskor határa jelentősen felfelé tolódott: emelkedett a munkaerőpiac elhagyásának átlagos életkora (másként: az effektív nyugdíjkorhatár vagy kilépési életkor). Olyannyira, hogy a mindenkori átlagos kilépési életkorban hátralévő várható élettartam nemhogy nem nőtt, hanem kifejezetten csökkent. Bár a 65 év felettiek aránya emelkedett, azok aránya, akik a mindenkori effektív korhatárnál idősebbek, gyakorlatilag változatlan maradt. A magasabb aktív életkorokban várható élettartam általános növekedését a munkaerőpiac gyakorlatilag teljes mértékben felszívta. E folyamatok akkor zajlottak le, amikor a korhatárra érők iskolai végzettség szerinti összetétele jelentősen megváltozott. A ma nyugdíjba vonulók lényegesen iskolázottabbak, mint a két és fél évtizeddel ezelőttiek voltak, mivel a mai 55–64 évesek számottevően hosszabb időt töltöttek az iskolapadban, mint azok, akik negyedszázada voltak 55–64 évesek.
Physical inactivity during pregnancy: its associations with socio-demographic background and mental health
Authors: Sándor Nikolett Gabriella , Boros Julianna , Kopcsó Krisztina , Beatrix Lábadi
Published: January 2025

Exercise during pregnancy is known to have positive effects on both maternal and foetal health. Despite international recommendations advocating regular exercise for healthy pregnant women, survey data indicate that physical activity decreases during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester. This study aims to assess the physical activity levels of pregnant women in Hungary in a representative sample and to explore the association between physical inactivity, socio-demographic characteristics, and mental health. Utilizing data from the Cohort '18 Hungarian Birth Cohort Study, our analysis encompasses 6,121 pregnant women. Maternal physical activity was assessed in the third trimester, both for the time of the interview and retrospectively for the pre-pregnancy period. Mental health was evaluated through the CES-D-8 and GAD-2 questionnaires. The inactivity rate (defined as less than 1 hour per week) in the third trimester was 70% for walking, 92% for cycling, and 90% for sports. Inactivity increased across all forms of physical activity during pregnancy. The socio-demographic determinants influencing physical activity during pregnancy varied for different activities. The examined socio-demographic variables explained 3.5–4.7% of the variance in walking, 3.3–7.8% in cycling, and 7–14% in doing sport during pregnancy. Mental health was only significantly associated with sport activity. These findings underscore the importance of raising awareness about physical activity in antenatal care, particularly targeting at-risk populations.
Cardiac comorbidity in hypothyroidism: the effect of hormone replacement therapy
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sumin Alexey , Ankudinov Andrei ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Rahaman Abdul M. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases
Published: January 2025

The study of the features of the course of cardiovascular pathology against the background of other diseases (comorbidity) is currently an urgent area. A little-studied association is the assessment of the effect of hypothyroidism on cardiovascular pathology, especially the
role of hormone replacement therapy. Nevertheless, hypothyroidism is quite common with arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and chronic heart failure. According to research, hypothyroidism is associated with impaired lipidogram parameters, deterioration of coronary blood flow parameters, increased blood pressure, fluid retention, decreased effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy, and a higher incidence of arrhythmias, in particular atrial fibrillation. There is evidence of an association of hypothyroidism with proinflammatory cytokines. According to prospective studies, patients with chronic heart failure have a higher incidence of deaths and cases of rehospitalization due to decompensation of chronic
heart failure. The current focus is the role of L-thyroxine in the course of cardiovascular diseases. There is evidence of a positive effect of L-thyroxine on lipid metabolism and the
frequency of arrhythmias. However, specific recommendations regarding safety criteria and optimal dosages for the management of patients with cardiovascular pathology have not been developed.
The impact of chronic heart failure and comorbidity on the quality of life of patients
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Blokhin Arseniy , Shishkin Alexander ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

Comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure has a great influence on the progression and outcomes of other diseases due to the wide involvement of the cardiovascular system in the functioning of other organs and systems of the body. However, numerical assessment of such influence
is difficult due to the high degree of individuality of combinations and progression of pathologies and the complexity of intersystem relationships in patients with comorbidity. In the context of this study, we propose to evaluate the influence of comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure on individual components of quality of life. Comparison of integrated quality of life and comorbidity indexes in patients with different disease combinations and different age groups showed the expected relationships between these indices and identified the quality of life elements most affected by comorbidity. More than other components there was a decline in role emotional and physical functioning. The highest rates of decline with age were
observed in the transition from middle-aged to elderly patients. Health-related quality of life and the Charlson comorbidity index reflect, subjective and objective aspects of the patient’s health, which allows their simultaneous use in the examination of patients with cardiological diseases.
Genetic markers of predisposition to monogenic and polygenic obesity
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnoborodko Viktoriia , Bashirova Seda ,   Russian University of Medicine, Remizova Daria ,   N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Reger Aleksandr ,   N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Osipova Daria ,   Chuvash State University named after I. N. Ulyanova
Published: January 2025

Genetic markers of obesity play a crucial role in understanding the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease, which remains one of the major public health challenges of the 21st century. In recent years, numerous genetic variants associated with obesity have been identified thanks to the development of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Among the most studied genes are FTO, MC4R, TMEM18, NEGR1, and BDNF. Polymorphisms in these genes are linked to various aspects of appetite regulation, metabolism, and fat tissue accumulation.
It is important to note that the integration of data from genome-wide association studies, epigenetic research, and the analysis of external factors represents a promising direction for the development of personalized strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity. This comprehensive approach will not only enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity but also lead to more effective and targeted therapeutic methods that take into account the individual genetic and epigenetic characteristics of patients.
Antibiotic resistance and new antimicrobial strategies: Exploring the problem of antibiotic resistance and the development of new drugs
Authors:   RUDN University, Burmistrov Denis , Grechman Alena ,   South Ural State Medical University, Chernetsov Ruslan ,   Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Iuziuk Veronika ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Bekmurzaeva Aliya ,   Surgut State University
Published: January 2025

Antibiotic resistance represents a serious global threat to the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy and public health as a whole, requiring immediate attention from researchers, healthcare professionals, pharmaceutical companies, and governmental organizations. This review
provides a detailed analysis of the primary mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, including ef-flux pumps, enzymatic inactivation of antibiotics, changes in cellular targets, and biofilms, which play a key role in protecting bacteria from external influences and contribute to their survival. Alternative strategies for developing new antimicrobial agents aimed at overcoming these mechanisms and preventing further spread of resistance are also discussed. Special emphasis is placed on innovative approaches such as phage therapy, the use of antimicrobial peptides, nanoantibiotics, immune therapy methods, and CRISPR-Cas technologies, which offer new prospects for overcoming resistance. The review examines new drug candidates that
require further study of their effectiveness, interactions with bacteria, and the use of biomaterials and nanoparticles for delivery. Possible ways to improve the efficiency of clinical trials of new drugs are analyzed. The importance of attracting private and public funding to support research is emphasized.
A systematic approach to a unified ecosystem of criminal proceedings based on a digital platform
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Sawelewa Marina V. , Smuskin Aleksandr B. ,   Saratov State Law Academy, Soldatkina Oksana L. ,   HSE University
Published: January 2025

The authors substantiate that in the conditions of modern digitalization of all spheres of activity, there is an urgent need to introduce a single digital system into the activities of law enforcement agencies, which would represent a certain structural subsystem of digital platforms of several departments, such as the court, police, prosecutor’s office, Investigating committee, Federal Security Service (FSB), in order to ensure a logically sound and economically feasible approach to their interaction and operational achievement of the tasks of criminal proceedings. The work uses an integrated approach with the allocation of certain key issues: starting with the analysis of the possibilities of digital processing of the received crime report to the features of the use of digital evidence, robotics and artificial intelligence, features of the analysis and exchange of information processed by neural networks. The authors substantiate the need to use the term “ecosystem of criminal proceedings”. Special attention in the article is devoted to the research of the block-modular organization of this platform; multi-channel receipt of information in a single form through interaction interfaces and the possibility of using software systems to identify false denunciations based on the analysis of voice modulation, micro-vibrations and facial expressions, as well as the content of messages. The proposals for automating individual issues of checking reports of a crime by equipping law enforcement agencies with unmanned aerial vehicles; for the receipt of information into the ecosystem through video recording of the results of verbal and mixed remote investigative actions are investigated. The potential possibility of robotization of individual stages of the investigation or individual actions with subsequent integration of the results of the activity in question into the digital ecosystem is considered. The prospects of legislative novelties in the following areas are substantiated: establishing the possibility of using electronic document management in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation as the main one, including conducting an electronic (digital) criminal case; consolidation of procedures for the use of electronic evidence in proving; establishment of a legal regime for artificial intelligence systems and robotic systems.
Numerical and field investigation to improve an existing distributed-sediment-excluder sand trap performance
Authors: Mc Leod Claudia , Bosman Adèle , Smit Francois
Published: January 2025

Sand traps are essential for managing sedimentation in irrigation systems, ensuring the efficiency and longevity of water infrastructure. This study addresses the underperformance of the Lower Usuthu Smallholder Irrigation Project (LUSIP) sand trap in the Usuthu River basin, eSwatini, where sediment build-up disrupts its operational efficiency. Field investigations and advanced numerical modeling using ANSYS Fluent, the study evaluates the trapping and flushing efficiency of the sand trap. A fully coupled 3D numerical model simulates hydrodynamics and sediment transport, focusing on flow velocity and suspended sediment concentration distributions under both maximum design discharge and low-flow conditions. Field investigations revealed a trapping efficiency of 27% and a flushing efficiency of 36% during low-flow conditions, primarily due to turbulence and design limitations. Numerical simulations identified critical sediment deposition patterns and flow dynamics, leading to design recommendations. With the proposed modifications, the sand trap's trapping efficiency is projected to increase to 85%, while flushing efficiency is expected to reach 80% under low-flow conditions. This study introduces innovative modeling approaches to assess three-dimensional flow dynamics in distributed-sediment-excluder systems, offering actionable insights for optimizing sediment management in irrigation infrastructure. These findings contribute to sustainable agricultural development and water resource management, addressing challenges in semi-arid regions.
Вызывает ли имплицитная конкуренция ответов эффекты последействия?
Authors: Гершкович Валерия А. , Замковая Мария Е. , Морошкина Надежда В. , Гулькин Александр В. , Аллахвердов Виктор М. , Коротков Александр Д. , Киреев Максим В. , Черниговская Татьяна В.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Information is often ambiguous. Several theories suggest that the resolution of ambiguity involves an implicit selection of solution options, the result of which manifests itself in long-term negative and/or positive after-effects. However, in experimental studies, these effects are often mixed, leading to interpretations of the results. This study aims to identify and distinguish these effects.
Methods. In this study a within-subject design was used. A total of 56 volunteers (21 males, 35 females; mean age: 25, SD = 5.8) took part in the study. In the first stage, the participants completed unambiguous and ambiguous fragmented word combinations. In the second stage, the participants completed fragmented nouns, some of which appeared in the first stage and some were alternatives not selected in the first stage of completion.
Results. In the first stage of the experiment, ambiguous stimuli were completed slower and with more errors (ambiguity disadvantage effect). In the second stage, presentation of the same nouns resulted in the positive priming effect for both ambiguous and non-ambiguous stimuli. Positive and negative after-effects of resolving implicit competition have not been identified.
Discussion. The results obtained can be explained by the fact that the implicit response competition has no long-term aftereffects. Another explanation is that the second stage uses tasks that do not require semantic processing and that the word is retrieved by a low-level letter processing before aftereffects of a previous choice appear.
Conclusion. Experimental data may support theories that consider only the short-term aftereffects of implicit competition. However, additional verification of the results is required using a task involving the semantic level of information processing.
Student’s Adaptation to Distance Learning (on Example of Armenian and Russian Students): Psychoemotional Features
Authors: Berberyan Asya S. , Berberyan Hermine S.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article substantiates an individually and socially significant problem that is relevant to different educational systems and countries: the recent forced transition to distance learning. Distance learning is a set of educational services, which is provided through a special information and educational environment. The current study aims to investigate the attitude of ethnic Armenians and Russians to distance learning during that affected psychoemotional condition of personality.
Methods. The study investigated the experience from distance learning in students from Russia and Armenia (N = 185, M age = 21.98, SD age = 5.73). The study was conducted using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (S-Anxiety scale) and authors’ questionnaire to assess distance learning experience.
Results. The majority of Armenian and Russian students mentioned advantages of distance learning, such as they found it convenient, were satisfied and had adequate home conditions for learning. However, some disadvantages were mentioned including the difficulty of the objective assessment of their knowledge in distance learning context. Statistical analysis allowed to observe relationship between the anxiety level and students’ experience with distance learning, i.e., the adaptation level and the satisfaction value. Additionally, the association between adaptation level and the country of residence was found along with the determinants of distance learning effectivity.
Discussion. The study revealed the main trends in students’ perception of distance learning on the territory of Armenia and Russia. We showed the association between psychoemotional features and assessment of distance learning.
Вовлеченность в киберсоциализацию и психологическое благополучие студентов университетов
Authors: Гайдамашко Игорь В. , Леньков Сергей Л. , Рубцова Надежда Е.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of psychological well-being of university students under the conditions of cyber socialization and digitalization of the educational environment. The cyber socialization engagement was considered an ambivalent phenomenon. Psychological well-being was understood in a broad sense, encompassing indicators of life and study satisfaction, participation in studies, organizational identity with university faculty, and the expression of Dark Tetrad personality traits. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the students’ cyber socialization engagement on their psychological well-being.
Methods. The sample included 315 students from Russian universities. The measures used were "The Cyber Socialization Engagement Questionnaire", "The Organizational and Suborganizational Identity Questionnaire", "The Satisfaction with Life Scale", "The Short Dark Tetrad Scale", and the questionnaires "Utrecht Work Engagement Scale" and "The Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction" modified for the students' learning context.
Results. Destructive cyber socialization engagement was found to decrease overall satisfaction with life, learning engagement, learning satisfaction, and identification with faculty, and to increase the expression of the Dark Tetrad traits such as psychopathy and sadism. Constructive cyber socialization engagement increases life satisfaction, learning engagement, learning satisfaction, and organizational identity, and decreases the expression of Dark Tetrad traits such as psychopathy and sadism.
Discussion. A new and specific ambivalence of the influence of engagement on cyber socialization was revealed: constructive engagement, along with an overall positive influence, increases the expression of Machiavellianism, and destructive engagement decreases the expression of narcissism. It is shown for the first time that overall сyber socialization engagement can have a significant ambivalent effect on the psychological well-being of university students.
Conclusion. The obtained results substantiate the necessity of predicting such influence within the framework of work on ensuring psychological safety of the educational environment, creating conditions for successful personal, social, and professional development of university students in the conditions of intensive digitalization of education.