bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesalahan Penggunaan Jinyici dalam Membuat Kalimat Bahasa Mandarin pada Mahasiswa Semester VI Angkatan 2014 Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Soleha Siti , Santoso Fansi Onita , Elmubarok Zaim
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar persentase kesalahan penggunaan (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­), mengetahui kesalahan apa saja yang dilakukan mahasiswa, menentukan cara untuk membedakan penggunaan (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) dan merumuskan solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi kesalahan penggunaan (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester VI angkatan 2014 Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin Universitas Negeri Semarang sebanyak 25 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi dan metode tes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui persentase kesalahan penggunaan (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) adalah sebesar 28,4%. Kesalahan tersebut tergolong pada tingkat rendah, namun ada beberapa kesalahan yang perlu lebih diperhatikan yaitu kesalahan dalam penggunaan fungsi tata bahasa dan kesalahan dalam memahami makna. Cara membedakan penggunaan (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) dapat dilakukan mahasiswa dengan mempelajari fungsi tata bahasa kosakata (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) dan memahami makna kosakata (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­). Solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah mempelajari fungsi tata bahasa kosakata (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) secara keseluruhan dengan benar, memahami makna kosakata (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) secara spesifik, dan memperbanyak latihan membuat kalimat menggunakan kosakata (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­).This study aims to identify mistake percentage in using (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­), identify what mistakes conducted by students, determine how to differentiate the usage of (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­), and formulate solution to reduce mistake in using (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­). This study uses descriptive-quantitative approach. There are 25 sixth students of Mandarin Language Education Department in Universitas Negeri Semarang as population and sample. In addition, data is collected by documentation and testing method. Based on the analysis, there is 28,4% of mistake in using (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­). This finding is categorized as low. However, there are some mistakes that need to be noted. For instance, mistake in using grammar and interpreting meaning. Furthermore, (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) can be differentiate by studying grammar of (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) and understand the meaning of (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­). Finally, it is recommended to study the grammar of (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­), specifically understand the meaning of (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­) and increase the exercise to make sentences using (jÃ¬nyÃ¬cÃ­).
The Relevance of Natorp’s Criticism of Husserl to the Hermeneutical Transformation of Heidegger’s Phenomenology
Authors: Cazzanelli Stefano
Published: October 2020

This article will show how Natorp’s criticism of Husserlian phenomenology was one of the most important triggers of the hermeneutical transformation of Heideggerian phenomenology. Concepts like hermeneutical intuition, or tools like formal indication, are the means that Heidegger worked out in order to preserve the phenomenological access to pre-theoretical life as it gives itself. The first part of this article is devoted to presenting Natorp’s criticisms of Husserl’s phenomenology and Husserl’s attempts to answer them. The second part will illustrate how Heidegger, criticizing Natorp, retrieves the validity of the phenomenological intuition and expression by opening up their original, pre-theoretical meanings. It will conclude with a few critical remarks concerning Heidegger’s attempt to describe the motivation of philosophical activity in transcendental terms.
The Structure and Dynamics Argument against Materialism Revisited
Authors: Mărăşoiu Andrei
Published: October 2020

Alter (2016) elaborates and defends an ambitious argument advanced by Chalmers (2002) against physicalism. As Alter notes, the argument is valid. But I will argue that not all its premises are true. In particular, it is false that all physical truths are purely structural. In denying this, I focus not on the objects of pure physical theory but on the homely, macroscopic objects of our daily lives.
Vasily Sesemann’s Theory of Knowledge: Intuition, Logic and Dialectic
Authors: Jonkus Dalius
Published: October 2020

Nicolai Hartmann interprets the logic of knowledge as a dialectical process that must reveal the processionality of being itself. Sesemann not only extends Hartmann‘s philosophical insights, but also supplements them significantly. He also understands the knowledge of reality not as an analysis of static objects, but as a dynamic and temporal reconstruction of becoming reality. Acknowledging the limitations of intuition, he returns to the possibilities of logically formed knowledge. Sesemann argues that the logical constructions of knowledge must maintain a connection with primal intuition. However, logically formed knowledge is limited by its static nature. A dialectic is needed to reveal a dynamically changing being. I will begin the article by discussing the relationship between intuition and logical knowledge, then examine the problem of the ideal being and conclude by evaluating the significance of dialectics in Sesemann’s theory of knowledge. According to Sesemann, the dialectic, unlike formal logic, must reveal not the ideal laws of thought, but how live knowledge takes place. Dialectics allows one to analyze being as incomplete and indefinite, as becoming and open to infinite change, it allows one to relate a separate aspect of knowledge to the whole.
Вплив комплексної фітнес-технології на психоемоційний стан жінок другого зрілого віку
Authors: Савіна Світлана , Подрігало Ольга
Published: October 2020

Досліджено вплив комплексної фітнес-технології на психоемоційний стан жінок другого періоду зрілого віку (36-54 років).

Мета: визначити характер впливу комплексної фітнес-технології на психоемоційний стан жінок другого періоду зрі- лого віку.

Матеріали і методи: в дослідженні приймали участь 40 жінок, які займались за авторською комплексною фітнес- технологією, до якої входило три напрямки: танцювальна аеробіка, силовий фітнес і стретчинг продовж 8 місяців по 3 рази на тиждень – тривалість заняття 1 година. Розклад занять на тиждень побудовано з урахуванням фізіологічних закономірностей коливань працездатності в тижневому циклі наступним чином: понеділок - танцювальна аеробіка, середа – силовий фітнес, п’ятниця – стретчинг. На останньому тижні тренувань було проведено дослідження психое- моційного стану жінок з використанням тесту САН. За допомогою математичних методів статистичного аналізу визна- чено достовірні позитивні зміни показників психоемоційного стану жінок.

Результати: до заняття танцювальною аеробікою показник самопочуття (С) складав 4,79±0,20 балів, а після 5,71±0,11 балів, за показником активність (А) до тренування – 4,54±0,18 балів, після 5,74±0,10 балів; за показником настрій (Н) відповідно до – 5,49±0,18 балів, після – 6,36±0,07 балів. Визначено вплив силового фітнесу (С- до 5,20±0,13, після 5,36±0,12; А – до 4,91±0,15, після 5,71±0,08; Н – до 5,47±0,15, після 6,52±0,07) та стретчінгу (С – до 5,13±0,17, після 6,14±0,08; А – до 4,88±0,17, після 5,86±0,08; Н – до 5,51±0,14, після 6,52±0,07).
Висновки: доведено позитивний вплив комплексної фітнес-технології на психоемоційний стан жінок другого періоду зрілого віку. Визначено особливості впливу кожного напрямку тренувань комплексної фітнес-технології.

Ключові слова фітнес-технології, психоемоційний стан, самопочуття, активність, настрій, танцювальна аеробіка, силовий фітнес, стретчинг.
The Historical Evolution оf the Population оf Ukraine in the Light of the Theory of Demographic Transition
Authors: RUDNYTSKIY O.P.
Published: October 2020

The main results of scientific investigations of long-time trends in population dynamics and population replacement in deep retrospect for Ukraine are presented. Perceptions of the transformational changes in the structure of population of Ukraine are expanding — both for the statistical era and for the population nonstatistical era of national history. Th e investigation is based on the author’s reconstructions of historical series of demographic dynamics in Ukraine, which for the fi rst time made it possible to reconstruct the real trajectory of population trends in regions of Ukraine for the long time period (since beginning of Common Era). Th e transformation of population replacement in our country in the con- text of the theories of demographic modernization and comparison with similar changes in other European countries is investigated.Novelty: For the fi rst time, it is clear that the overall trend in the numerical effi ciency of our country has been ambiguous for thousands of years, especially in the past. Th e periods of perturbation (wars, famines, epidemics, natural disas- ters) made the trend undulatory; over the second millennium, annual growth rates have fallen 150 times below zero. Th e results of the study allowed for the fi rst time to carry out correct periodization of the demographic and epidemiological transitions: it is scientifi cally estab- lished that the demographic transition has been going on since the mid-1890s, and epide- miological — since the mid-1920s. In the course it was established that demographic deve- lopment of Ukraine continues in both the well-known tendencies of demographic transition and under the infl uence of national diff erences. Th e Ukrainian way of modernization in the twentieth century was very dramatic — our country has been described as one of the coun- tries with the largest loss of population. The peculiarity of the dynamics of demographic modernization in Ukraine in the twentieth century lies primarily in the fact that it has a de- formed intermittent nature due to the multimillion-dollar hecatomb of human victims, and in recent times there has been demodernization of the processes of reproduction of the popu- lation of our country. Key words: population, vital event, reconstruction, population growth, historical series, demographic modernization, Ukraine.
Prebirth Household Challenges To Predict Adverse Childhood Experiences Score by Age 3
Authors: Rittman Danielle , Parrish Jared , Lanier Paul
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES:

With this study, we seek to understand the relationship between prebirth household challenges and the child’s adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) score by age 3 in a statewide-representative birth cohort to inform primary prevention strategies.

METHODS:

We used a longitudinally linked data set from the Alaska 2009–2011 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, its 3-year follow-up survey, and multiple administrative data sources. Using this linked data set, we predicted an expanded ACEs score by age 3 using maternal reported prebirth household challenges.

RESULTS:

The number of household challenges reported during the 12 months before or during pregnancy predicted ACEs score in a graded, dose-response manner. On average, reporting 4+ prebirth household challenges was associated with an ACEs score 4.1 times that of those reporting 0 challenges. Homelessness was associated with the greatest increase in ACEs score (relative rate ratio = 3.0). Prebirth household challenges that were independently associated with an elevated ACEs score in our final model included problems paying bills, someone close to the mother having a drinking and/or drug problem, homelessness, mother or husband or partner being in jail, husband or partner losing job, separation or divorce, and being checked or treated for anxiety or depression.

CONCLUSIONS:

The accumulation and certain prebirth household challenges are strongly associated with the accumulation of childhood ACEs. Addressing and reducing household challenges during the prebirth period may serve as a primary point of ACEs prevention. Many evidence-based, multidisciplinary intervention strategies can and should be implemented in the prebirth period to strengthen the household unit before the introduction of a new child.
Urban streams in Latin America: Current conditions and research needs
Authors: Walteros Jeymmy M. , Ramírez Alonso
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Latin America is a highly urbanized region, with most of its population living in cities and urban centers. While information about urban streams in Latin America is rather limited, streams are expected to experience similar environmental impacts and conservation issues as urban streams in parts of the globe, including habitat loss, channelization, sewage discharge, trash, and loss of riparian habitats. Objective: We surveyed a network of researchers from approximately 80% of the countries in Latin America to obtain information on the condition, state of knowledge, and threats to urban streams in the region. Methods: Most participants were reached via the Macrolatinos@ network (www.macrolatinos.net). Results: We obtained 104 responses from researchers in 18 of the 23 Latin American countries. Most urban streams are impacted or degraded, and inputs of contaminants and wastewater discharges were considered major drivers of stream degradation. Most respondents indicated that stream channelization is common, with some streams completely channelized or buried. Sewage and rainfall runoff management were identified as a major factor degrading streams, with most respondents suggesting that streams are a primary destination for wastewater discharge, much of which is untreated. Major limitations to urban stream conservation in Latin America are the result of limited ecological knowledge, lack of citizen interest or political will to protect them. There are isolated efforts to restore urban streams and riparian zones, but these are initial steps that need further development. Conclusions: Our research network of Latin American scientists proved to be a valuable tool to assess a large number of urban rivers in a relatively understudied region.  Urban streams in Latin America face a diversity of stressors and management challenges, and we propose three areas that would benefit from further research to improve our understanding and management of these systems: (1) Studies should focus on the watershed, rather than isolated reaches, (2) researchers should strive to attain a better understanding of ecosystem function and the services provided by urban streams to justify management and restoration efforts, and (3) studies that integrate economic models where downstream users pay for upstream protection and restoration could prove beneficial for many Latin American cities in attempting to address water conservation issues.
Publications Recieved
Authors: Webb Russell
Published: October 2020

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Going for Mackerel
Authors: Scott Rolf Erik , Storaas Frode , Perlov Diane
Published: October 2020

The film follows the crew of the Norwegian fishing vessel Havdrøn as they set out for a new season of mackerel fishing, their main source of income. Fishing can be a difficult activity, because of the risks at sea and the instability of the prices on the market. In their attempt to control risk and uncertainty, people turn to magic. The film shows to what extent magical thinking is part of life and the work on board a fishing vessel. In a broader sense, this film challenges our own superstitious ideas and beliefs.  

The film, although independently made, was filmed as a series of two main films ("Going for Mackerel" and "The Cactus League") and a third shorter film ("Magic at Work") that compared the two main films. The focus of the three films was the interplay between magic belief, technology, and organization. The films were made for the California Science Center's main exhibition in 2000-2001 named  “Magic, The Science of Illusion in 2000-2001", and which from 2001-2009, toured the 12 largest cities of the USA.
"Djeneba" a Minyanka Women of Southern Mali
Authors: Diallo Bata
Published: October 2020

Djeneba is a mother of nine children living in Kadioloko, southern Mali. Since her husband left the family some years ago Djeneba and her children manage the family’s millet fields without him. Recently the eldest boy, Madou, has brought his new wife, Lidy, into the family group. In this film we explore daily life in the compound as Djeneba assumes full responsibility for her family’s needs. Filmmaker, Bata Diallo, herself a Malian, engages Djeneba’s life-world in observational style and by way of intimate conversations. As well as the family we meet Nono, the old chief of Kadioloko. He’s a good friend of Djeneba and a renowned local philosopher with a wry world-view and a sense of humour to match. Djeneba and her family are from the agriculturalist Minyaka ethnic group but we also get to know some Fulani pastoralists who share the village of Kadioloko. “Djeneba” is an hour-long chronicle of quotidian life in rural Mali from a woman’s point of view.
Make a Silence
Authors: Norton Barley
Published: October 2020

The Hanoi New Music Festival 2018 was an historic event. It was the largest festival of exploratory forms of new music that has ever been held in Vietnam, and artists from countries across Southeast Asia and Japan came to Hanoi to participate. The film Make a Silence - Musical Dialogues in Asia showcases the diverse, multimedia performances that took place at the Festival, including sound art for theatre and video, underground music and free improvisation. Like the Festival itself, Make a Silence is a sensory feast of musical and visual exploration. Combining vivid artistic images, conversations with musicians and footage of concerts, the film meditates on transnational dialogue in the contemporary music scene in Asia. Artists featured in the film include Otomo Yoshihide (Japan), Trần Thị Kim Ngọc (Vietnam), Jiradej Setabundhu (Thailand), Red Slumber (Vietnam), Siew-Wai Kok (Malaysia), Otto Sidharta (Indonesia) and Yii Kah Hoe (Malaysia).

The film is based on long-term ethnographic research in Vietnam by the director. It examines how transnational circuits of musical exchange in the new music scenes in Asia intersect with postcolonial politics, thereby challenging the often-presumed hegemony of Euro-American lineages of contemporary music.
Land tenure in tea farming and exploring factors influencing a rural household’s decision to exit or enter farming
Authors: Haq Shamsheer ul , Boz Ismet , Shahbaz Pomi
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: Self-operated land and operated by tenure may affect the sustainability of farming in a region. This study planned to analyze how rural households switch away from tea farming even they have parental land, and how landless access the land for tea farming. For this a total of 138 tea growers were interviewed including 27 farmers who had just ownership of land and had left the tea farming. Logistic regression was applied to assess the determinants of rural household’s decision to exit and enter the land market. Farmers were compared over their farm management practices and personal characteristics. The owned farmers were good in management and adoption of good practice in tea farming than those who accessed land as a shareholder and not had their own land. Rural households head as getting older, having high education and also having an off-farm occupation, having more university graduated family members, and family members having off-farm occupations are more likely to exit from farming and supply their land to rental markets. On the other side, an older and highly educated head of landless family is less likely to become a shareholder. Here also off-farm occupation has a negative and insignificant effect on the probability of landless household working as a shareholder. If the head of the landless family has a wish to become a successful farmer, then he is more likely to work as an owner. It implies that a person is less likely to work as a shareholder and more likely to get land with ownership rights not only land-using rights.
Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar AA6061-T6 to AZ31B-H24 Alloys
Authors: Saldaña-Garcés Rocio , Hernández-García Daniela , García-Vázquez Felipe , Gutiérrez-Castañeda Emmanuel José , Verdera David , Deaquino-Lara Rogelio
Published: October 2020

Abstract: Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material. FSW is predominantly used for welding lightweight materials such as aluminum and magnesium alloys. In the present investigation, AA6061-T6 and AZ31B-H24 alloys were joined by FSW using the following parameters: rotational speed of 400, 800, 1200 and 1600 rpm, welding speed of 30 and 60 mm/min and tilt angle of 1° and 3°. In some cases, a tool offset of 1 mm was used into the Mg-based alloy. Microstructural characteristics of the weld joints were analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that dissimilar welds can be obtained by placing the AA6061-T6 alloy on the advancing side under two processing conditions: i) without a tool offset using a welding speed of 30 mm/min, a rotational speed of 400 rpm and a tilt angle of 1° (M7) and ii) with a tool offset and a welding speed of 30 mm/min, using a rotational speed of 1200 rpm and a tilt angle of 3° (M3). Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 intermetallic compounds were observed in the stir zone. Hardness and tensile strength of joints M7 varied from 76 to 129 HV, and 88.2 MPa respectively, and these properties varied from 95 to 153 HV, and 18.95 MPa in joints M3.
Sinonasal neoplasms in 49 dogs: clinical, macroscopic, and histopathological aspects
Authors: Ricaldi Giulia F.S. , Hennig Morgana M. , Tondo Luís A.S. , Irigoyen Luiz F. , Fighera Rafael A. , Flores Mariana M. , Kommers Glaucia D.
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to quantify nasosinusal neoplasms diagnosed in dogs in 20 years (2000-2019) and characterize the main clinical, macroscopic, and histological aspects of these neoplasms. The sex, breed, age, skull conformation, the main clinical signs, and the anatomopathological characteristics (distribution, macroscopy, and histology) were computed. During this period, 49 dogs were affected by neoplasms in these regions, totaling 50 neoplasms (one dog had two neoplasms of different locations and histogenetic origins). Similar amounts of mixed-breed dogs (25/49) and purebred dogs (24/49) were affected, these distributed in 16 breeds. Among purebreds, it was noted that dogs with mesocephalic cranial conformation (12/24) were the most affected, followed by dolichocephalic (10/24) and brachycephalic (2/24). There were 22 cases in males and 27 in females, making a proportion of 1:1.23. There was an age variation from 11 months to 16 years old. The epithelial neoplasms have occurred in older dogs compared to those of other histogenic origins (mesenchymal and other origins/round cells). The main clinical signs were similar between the histogenetic categories, related to the involvement of the upper respiratory tract, sometimes accompanied by nervous signs (when there was brain invasion of nasal neoplasms or vice versa). The possible origin site was mostly in the nasal cavity concerning the paranasal sinuses (and other locations). Invasions occurred in different tissues adjacent to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, resulting in cranial and facial deformities (21/49). The frequency was 48% of epithelial neoplasms, 32% of mesenchymal neoplasms, and 10% of neoplasms with other origins and round cells. The neoplasms most frequently observed, in decreasing order of frequency, were: adenocarcinoma (9/50), squamous cell carcinoma (9/50), transmissible venereal tumor (5/50), osteosarcoma (5/50), chondrosarcoma (4/50), and undifferentiated sarcoma (4/50). Through this study, it was possible to establish the frequency of these neoplasms in 20 years and their clinical, macroscopic, and histological characteristics.
Análise de Compatibilidade Empresa/Mercados de Exportação com Base na Comparação dos Índices de Bela Balassa
Authors: SOUSA JOSÉ MANUEL BAPTISTA MEIRELES DE
Published: October 2020

RESUMO As pequenas e médias empresas brasileiras que representam peso relevante no tecido empresarial têm sido objeto de políticas, tendo como finalidade aumentar a sua participação no comércio exterior. Nem sempre os produto-res/exportadores conseguem associar a atratividade de determinado mercado à compatibilidade com a sua empresa. Assim, em face da crescente necessidade da disponibilização de ferramentas que permitam auxiliar os potenciais exportadores no processo de tomada de decisão sobre quais os mercados devem explorar, sugere este artigo uma metodologia que visa a hierarquizar mercados pela sua compatibilidade, em função quer da tradição exportadora do Brasil, quer das vantagens comparativas reveladas por determinado setor de atividade e/ou produto.
Enfoque Multicritério à Teoria das Prospectivas: fundamentos e aplicação
Authors: PASSOS ADERSON CAMPOS , GOMES LUIZ FLÁVIO AUTRAN MONTEIRO
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Este artigo compara dois métodos analíticos de apoio multicritério à tomada de decisão para escolha de material de emprego militar, dentro do âmbito do Centro de Avaliações do Exército, uma unidade do Exército Brasileiro. No processo decisorio em questão foi utilizado inicialmente o método multicritério AHP. O outro método utilizado foi o TODIM, que traz em sua estrutura diferentes características, sendo a principal delas a sua estruturação com base no paradigma da Teoria das Prospectivas. Por esse motivo, o método TODIM permite levar em conta o risco na modelagem dos problemas decisórios multicritério. Assim, diferentemente do método AHP, o TODIM possui características relevantes no bojo de sua formulação, notadamente a possibilidade de trabalhar explicitamente com as atitudes dos agentes de decisão em face do risco. Por outro lado, o estudo de caso realizado indicou que, embora os dois métodos alternativos, TODIM e AHP, baseiem-se em diferentes paradigmas, os resultados obtidos da comparação dos resultados de ambos foram bastante semelhantes, o que sugere que os dois métodos podem ser aplicados em avaliações militares de mesma natureza.
Cultivo de soja no continente africano: evidências contemporâneas baseadas em produtores moçambicanos
Authors: Janeque Ricardina António , Costa Nilson Luiz , Santana Antônio Cordeiro de
Published: October 2020

Resumo: Entre 1961 e 2016, o continente africano apresentou um crescimento acentuado da área plantada com soja, da produção e da produtividade. A expansão das fronteiras agrícolas também foi verificada em Moçambique. Assim, o objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar a produção de soja na África a partir dos indicadores de evolução da sojicultura nos distintos países do continente e das condições técnicas e socioprodutivas de produtores das províncias de Tete, Nampula, Manica e Zambézia – principais regiões produtoras de Moçambique. A pesquisa utilizou dados primários e secundários. Os dados primários foram obtidos através de survey e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados no período de janeiro a março de 2018. A amostra foi de 120 sojicultores, escolhidos a partir da técnica de amostragem “bola de neve”. Empregaram-se, como referência, técnicas de estatística descritiva e o modelo econométrico de taxa de crescimento para tratamento dos dados. A maioria dos sojicultores entrevistados estava cultivando soja em áreas de 2,0 ha, com produtividade de 0,5-1,0 t/ha. Destes, 77,4% utilizam sementes melhoradas e apenas 12,1%, adubação química. Identificou-se que a cultura da soja, apesar de promissora no continente, ainda se encontra na fase inicial de desenvolvimento a partir da adoção de novas tecnologias adaptadas às condições edafoclimáticas do local.
Equoterapia, saúde e esporte: figurações da prática no Rio Grande do Sul, 1970-2000
Authors: Pereira Ester Liberato , Bataglion Giandra Anceski , Mazo Janice Zarpellon
Published: October 2020

Resumo Com base nos pressupostos teóricos de Norbert Elias, objetivou-se compreender as figurações da equoterapia no Rio Grande do Sul no período demarcado entre 1970 e 2000. Para tanto, o corpus documental da pesquisa foi composto por documentos oficiais, jornais e revistas. A partir do conceito de figuração, a documentação analisada evidenciou elementos técnico-científicos, acoplados às áreas da saúde, educação e equitação, provenientes do hipismo e compartilhados na prática da equoterapia. As inter-relações estabelecidas entre essas áreas possibilitaram que tal prática congregasse atributos e representações emanadas do cenário hípico. Assim, constituíram-se outras figurações no campo da equoterapia, envolvendo relações entre entidades que congregavam militares e civis.
Collection period and indolebutyric acid on the rooting of adult pecan plant cuttings
Authors: Hilgert Márcio Alberto , Sá Larissa Campos de , Lazarotto Marília , Souza Paulo Vitor Dutra de , Martins Carlos Roberto
Published: October 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the collection period and of the exogenous application of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of cuttings from adult pecan (Carya illinoinensis) plants. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with intermittent mist irrigation, from December 2017 to October 2018. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4x5 factorial arrangement, with four collection periods (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) and five concentrations of IBA (0, 2,000, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 mg L-1). For the cuttings collected during summer and autumn, there was a linear relationship between rooting and the increase of the IBA concentration. The best results for rooting, callus formation, mean number of roots, mean root length, and root dry and fresh mass are obtained for the cuttings collected during summer, with the application of 8,000 mg L-1 IBA on the base of each cutting, under a mist irrigation system. The rooting of cuttings from adult pecan plants with the application of IBA is possible, being an alternative propagation method for the species.
Incidence of overweight children in school years and its relation with prenatal factors
Authors: Ghizzo Filho João , Traebert Eliane , Nazário Nazaré Otília , Flôres Altaiana Portella da Rosa , Traebert Jefferson
Published: October 2020

Objective: To estimate the incidence of excess of body weight in the school period and explore possible association with prenatal factors. Methodology: An epidemiological study with a longitudinal design was carried out. All children from the first to the fifth grade of elementary school, aged between seven and 10 years old, enrolled in public and private schools and from families residing in Palhoça City, Santa Catarina State, who had participated in the previous stage of the study in 2015, were included. To obtain the BMI, weight and height were collected in schools. Data related to the prenatal period were obtained with interviews with mothers or guardians, at home. The analyses were performed using Poisson Regression with a robust estimator. Statistically significant variables and those with p ≤ 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate. Results: 228 students were included. The incidence rate of excess weight was 19.3%, with 17.1% being overweight and 2.2% being obese. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that students who were born with Apgar in the first minute ≤ 7 had a statistically significant risk and 34% higher relative risk of developing excess weight in the school period. Conclusion: The incidence of overweight was 19.3%. Prenatal factors were not associated with incidence, except for a low Apgar score in the first minute.
Reply
Authors: Glotfelty Cheryll
Published: October 2020

I am chagrined that I forgot to mention the 1991 MLA convention session that Harold Fromm organized and on which I presented. Fromm's idea of proposing a special session on ecocriticism at the convention to raise interest in the topic and perhaps to garner essays for the anthology bore fruit, and thanks to him The Ecocriticism Reader features essays by three of the panel's participants: Alison Byerly, Cynthia Deitering, and William Howarth, the respondent. (The third presenter was Sean O'Grady.) Now that my memory is jogged, I recall the madcap scramble for a bigger room and the impromptu collection of people's names and addresses. The resulting mailing list was used to announce the formation of the Association for the Study of Literature and Environment (ASLE) less than a year later, at the 1992 Western Literature Association (WLA) conference in Reno.
Reply
Authors: MacArthur Marit J.
Published: October 2020

I am grateful to Edward Mendelson for drawing attention to W. H. Auden in connection with my essay. There is in cultural-literary history an inherent risk that, caught up in the larger stories we are trying to tell, we may overlook the subtle insights of individual works of literature. To my own work in this area, I also try to bring the strengths of author-centered close reading. In this regard, the expertise of scholars like Mendelson is invaluable.
The Onset of the Image in Individual and Historical Consciousness: Visionary Moments in the Texts of Carlos Fuentes
Authors: Faris Wendy B.
Published: October 2020

Gaston Bachelard, justifying his phenomenological method, emphasizes “the onset of the image in an individual consciousness,” provocatively states that “the poetic act has no past,” and asserts that “the image, in its simplicity, has no need of scholarship” (xv, xi, xv). Bachelard hedges his bets, qualifying the statement about the poetic act's having “no past” with “at least no recent past” (xi). And soon, admitting that while for him the image's primary effect “involves bringing about a veritable awakening of poetic creation, even in the soul of the reader, through the reverberations of a single poetic image,” a reverberation through which, “by going immediately beyond all psychology or psychoanalysis, we feel a poetic power rising naively within us,” nevertheless, “after the original reverberation, we are able to experience resonances, sentimental repercussions, reminders of our past.” But, he hastens to add, “the image has touched the depths before it stirs the surface” (xix).
Fuentes the Young
Authors: Ochoa John
Published: October 2020

Carlos Fuentes was a dapper man. His physical bearing, his way of dressing, and his manners were all exquisite. He favored tailored Italian suits, supple loafers, pocket squares. He liked tony international places: he once said he owed the idea forLa muerte de Artemio Cruz(1962;The Death of Artemio Cruz), perhaps the most “Mexican” of his novels, “to the North Sea and a beach in Holland” (Interview). But his cosmopolitanism got him into trouble, such as when a well-intentioned but off-key televised public-service announcement resulted in late-night TV parodies. Addressing the pollution problem in Mexico City, Fuentes pleaded for the public to save his “beloved” city—all while standing in an idyllic spot in Cambridge, England.
Carlos Fuentes, Fighting the Good Fight
Authors: Poniatowska Elena
Published: October 2020

In 1953 I met a young, active, and very committed Carlos Fuentes. He was twenty-three years old, and I was twenty-one. He died on 15 May 2012, four days before I turned eighty. Celia Chávez, the wife of the poet Jaime García Torres, who was Carlos Fuentes's editor for many years, was giving a dinner party that day at her home in Las Lomas, which Fuentes and his wife were to attend. At two o'clock that afternoon, the news hit like a thunderbolt and darkened our spirits. It wasn't possible that Carlos Fuentes could have died.
Don Juan and the Nymph: Caricature and Theory of the Image in Diana o la cazadora solitaria
Authors: Rodríguez Carranza Luz
Published: October 2020

A barbed article by Rafael Lemus on Carlos Fuentes and his work appeared in Letras libres in November 2006. The article offers a fierce critique, but, as Lemus often does, he sees what others do not. His most penetrating remarks about Fuentes, in my view, are the ones that address caricature and, with it, specific work on the image. Thus, “Fuentes returns to his themes and resources, which are classical, and in an effort to sum them up, he caricatures them.” His recent stories “have something anachronistic about them,” and his way of dealing with reality “no longer produces anything but cadavers.”
Carlos Fuentes, Mexico, and the United States
Authors: Van Delden Maarten
Published: October 2020

The United States looms large in the Latin American literary imagination. From Domingo Sarmiento and José Martí in the nineteenth century to Octavio Paz and Alberto Fuguet in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, many Latin American writers have depicted the United States in their writings and pondered the cultural and historical significance of their powerful neighbor to the north. But perhaps no Latin American writer has had as close—and complicated—a relationship with the United States as Carlos Fuentes. Fuentes was a fierce critic of American culture and United States foreign policy; at the same time, there was much that he admired about the United States, and it was clear that he was eager to have his voice heard here.
Hemşirelik Fakültesine Yeni Kayıt Olan Gençlerin Bazı Sağlık Taramalarına Dair Sağlık Hizmeti Alma Durumları
Authors: AYHAN BAŞER Duygu , AKSOY Hilal , CANKURTARAN Mustafa
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada üniversiteye yeni kayıt olmuş öğrencilerin adölesan ve genç erişkin dönemde sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanma ve bazı sağlık taramalarına dair hizmet alma durumlarını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte bu araştırma Aile Hekimliği Polikliniklerinde 15 Eylül 2019 ile 30 Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. 2019 yılında Hemşirelik fakültesine kayıt olan ve tarafımıza başvuran öğrencilerinden çalışmaya katılmak isteyen gönüllüler evreni oluşturmaktadır. Kayıt olan öğrencilerin %92,3’üne ulaşılmıştır. Başvuran öğrencilere toplamda 17 soruluk anket formu uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: 120 katılımcının %71,7’si kadın; %28,3’ü erkekti. Öğrencilerin %18,3’ü son bir yıl içinde herhangi bir şikâyetle üç ve daha üstü kez sağlık merkezine başvurduğunu; %15,8’i ise sağlık kurumuna hiç başvurmadığını bildirmiştir. Katılımcıların %71,7’i aile hekimine bir şikayet nedeni ile, %31,7’si genel kontrol amaçlı başvuru yapmıştır. %30,0’u kontrol amaçlı bir göz hekimine, %29,2’si bir diş hekimine başvuru yapmıştır. Öğrencilerin %59’una son üç yılda herhangi bir sebeple (şikayetle yada kontrol için) başvurduğu doktoru tarafından yaşına uygun yapılması gereken sağlık taramalarından bahsedilmiş, %61,7’sinin vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu ölçülmüş, %77,1’inin kan basıncı ölçümü yapılmış, %80,7’sinden tarama amaçlı tetkik istenmişti.

Sonuç: Bu sonuçlara göre bu yaş grubunun en sık başvurduğu hekimler olan aile hekimleri başta olmak üzere hekimlerin sağlık taramaları için her fırsatı değerlendirmesinin önemi bir kez daha vurgulanmaktadır.
Molecular Characterization and Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli from Vegetables
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fatma , ARSLAN Seza
Published: October 2020

Escherichia coli can cause diarrheal and extraintestinal illnesses in humans. Diarrheagenic E. coli can be transmit to human through consumption of contaminated food, including vegetables. Biofilm produced by E. coli during food processing plays a role in development of foodborne illnesses. Vegetables have often been involved in diarrheal E. coli infections. A total of 40 E. coli isolates from vegetables were tested to determine biofilm formation at 12°C, 25°C and 37°C by the crystal violet and MTT assays. All isolates were performed for the production of curli fimbriae and cellulose associated with biofilm formation on Congo red agar. Biofilm formation at 37°C, 25°C and 12°C was detected in 87.5%, 70% and 70% of the isolates, respectively. Biofilm formation among the E. coli isolates using the crystal violet and MTT assays showed a statistically significant difference between 12°C and 25°C as well as 12°C and 37°C (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference between 25 and 37°C (p > 0.05) was obtained. Three different morhotypes (bdar, pdar and saw) were identified based on the expression of curli fimbriae and cellulose. The incidence of the bdar morhotype was 27.5% and 50% at 25°C and 37°C, respectively. Prevalence of the pdar morphotype was 50% and 70% at 25°C and 37°C, respectively. At 25°C, only one isolate (2.5%) showed the saw morphotype. All isolates tested expressed curli fimbriae or cellulose, only three of which were non-biofilm producer using the crystal violet assay. This study demonstrated that the presence of biofilm forming E.coli isolates in vegetables may cause a risk to human health and food safety.
Methods of evaluating the performance of regional authorities in integration associations
Authors: Abramov R. A. , Strelchenko S. G. , Derevyanko S. V.
Published: October 2020

The creation of integration associations requires the public administration mechanism reforms. The study identifies methods for performance evaluation of regional governments in the Union State. The methods and ways of optimizing the activity of regional authorities in integration associations are proposed.
Favorable Business Environment as a Criterion for Criminal Proceedings Effectiveness in Modern Russia
Authors: Panfilov P. O.
Published: October 2020

The paper analyzes various scientific approaches to understanding the effectiveness of criminal proceedings. It is concluded that in the doctrine of criminal process effectiveness is connected with the achievement of its purpose and tasks different understanding of which causes different understanding of effectiveness. On the basis of the analysis of the criminal procedure law, it is substantiated that the main criterion of evaluation of the effectiveness of criminal proceedings includes its influence on creation of favorable business environement in the country. The author recognizes the possibility of dividing the effectiveness of criminal proceedings into legal and social ones. The author interprets the legal effectiveness of the criminal process as its ability to ensure the public interest of all members of the society related to the full and comprehensive establishment of circumstances of the criminal case, the incrimination of the offender, the fight against crime. It is proposed to consider the possibility of criminal procedural means to secure normal economic relations and favorable business environement as one of the components of social effectiveness.

The paper proves that the means chosen to increase the social effectiveness associated with the implementation of economic rights and freedoms, negatively affect both itself and the legal effectiveness of the criminal process related to the implementation of its intended purpose. It is proposed to refuse to consider a favorable business environment as the main criterion for assessing the effectiveness of both the entire criminal process and its individual components. Effectiveness should come to the fore, and the criterion of such effectiveness includes public interests aimed at combating crime. It is concluded that even as a secondary component, favorable business environment as a criterion of effectiveness requires such legal means of ensuring it that would not reduce the guarantees of implementation of the highest public interest. It is substantiated that the creation of legal guarantees to protect business from criminal prosecution is unacceptable without creating a mechanism that can separate legal business from illegal business.
Juvenile Courts in the Republic of Kazakhstan: History, Realities and Prospects
Authors: Ablaeva E. B.
Published: October 2020

The paper describes the history, realities and prospects of development of specialized juvenile courts in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The relevance of the topic is related to the ongoing judicial and legal reforms in the Republic of Kazakhstan that are aimed at developing the specialization of courts and judges. Specialization of courts and judges as a vector of development of the judicial system and improvement of judicial proceedings is particularly relevant in the context of global competitiveness. Based on the study of the prerequisites that led to the need to create specialized courts, the current state of juvenile courts of the Republic of Kazakhstan is evaluated and trends in its further development are predicted, which constitute the theoretical and practical significance of the research topic. The study showed a significant role of juvenile courts in improving the sociodemographic characteristics of the population. Based on the results of the study, brief conclusions were made confirming the relevance of the chosen topic, and at the same time the demand and justification of specialized juvenile courts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The methodological basis of the research consists of historicallegal and comparative-legal methods of cognition of objective reality, as well as methods of legal statistics and forecasting. The works of famous Kazakh scientists became the theoretical basis of the research. The first decrees of the President of Kazakhstan, constitutional, statutory and legislative acts of Kazakhstan, as well as strategic, conceptual and program documents on development of Kazakhstan compose the normative basis of the research. The empirical basis of the study is regional statistical data on the work of specialized juvenile courts. The data of a sociological survey among persons who participated in trials that took place in 16 specialized juvenile courts are studied. Analytical reports, as well as information reviews on the activities of specialized juvenile courts and the state of their administration of justice are considered. The author researched the results of the implementation of pilot projects called "Judicial Mediation"; "Juvenile Justice"; "Reconciliation: Before and in Court"; "Family Court". The paper presents the experience of establishing family courts in the countries of America, Japan, and the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
The Establishment of Criminal Responsibility for Retail Sale of Alcoholic Products to Minors: An Analysis of the Feasibility
Authors: Dyadyun K. V.
Published: October 2020

The paper analyzes the objective and subjective features of article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The problems of interpretation and application of this norm are investigated, taking into account the goals and objectives underlying its creation. Special legislation regulating the sphere under study is considered. The studied imperfections of regulation of the subject of the crime (the relationship between the concepts of alcoholic and alcohol-containing products), problems of distinguishing acts from related compounds (article 151 of the Criminal Code), the complexity of the classification. The analysis of crime-forming features is presented: "repeatability", "retail", and "sale". Imperfections of the legislative and law enforcement approach in this aspect are revealed. In particular, the key features and correlation of the concepts of wholesale and retail trade are analyzed; the problems of assessing what was done with remote methods of selling alcohol; the content aspects of the categories "duplicity and repetition" in the context under study. The question of the expediency of replacing the term "sale" with "illegal sale" in the disposition of article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is studied. The regulation of features of the subject of the studied elements is considered, and existing problems are identified. The question of the expediency of norms with administrative prejudice in the criminal law was raised. Some problematic aspects of sentencing for retail sale of alcoholic products to minors are identified; and issues of establishing the subjective side of the elements. The paper analyzes the opinions of various authors regarding the possibility of improving the norm of article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, taking into account the study of statistical data and materials of judicial practice. The author indicates the need for an integrated approach in the fight against alcohol abuse among young people. The conclusion is presented regarding the validity of the existence of the studied norm in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the current version.