bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Status Hematology Of Nellore Crossbreed through Feed Supplementation Containing Gopro, Rumen-Protected Nutrients, and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Authors: Ardiansyah Prasetyo , Widiyanto Widiyanto , Pandupuspitasari Nuruliarizki Shinta , Prasetiyono Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko
Published: August 2024

Produksi daging yang optimal dapat terjadi pada ternak yang sehat. Pada hewan ruminansia, produksi daging dapat dioptimalkan dengan meningkatkan perkembangbiakan mikroba rumen, menggunakan nutrisi non-degradable rumen, dan menjaga keseimbangan mikroba melalui penerapan Gopro (produk eksklusif yang dikembangkan di laboratorium kami), nutrisi non-degradable rumen (RUN), dan transplantasi mikrobiota tinja (FMT). kami kemudian menentukan profil hematologi sapi yang diberi pakan Gopro, RUN, dan FMT. Lima belas ekor sapi peranakan Nellore berumur kurang lebih 8 bulan dengan rata-rata bobot badan 199,53 ± 22,82 kg, dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok pakan: T1 mendapat pakan yang terdiri dari 40% hijauan dan 60% konsentrat yang dilengkapi dengan Gopro; T2 mendapat diet yang sama dengan suplementasi RUN; dan T3 menerima diet T2 dengan 5 g FMT. Pakan diberikan sebanyak 3% bahan kering/berat badan, dengan akses air minum ad libitum. Nilai hematologi masih dalam batas nilai hematologi normal. Kami mengamati nilai hemoglobin 11,78-12 gr/dL; hematokrit 32,7-34,52 %; leukosit 9,75-14,25 10 3 /μL; neutrofil 1,93-2,54 10 3 /μL, eosinofil 0,32-0,48 10 3 /μL, limfosit 7,38-10,12 10 3 /μL. Kombinasi Gopro dan RUN mampu mengurangi zat penyebab alergi. Penggunaan FMT tidak menimbulkan efek samping, seperti alergi dan infeksi parasit. Pemberian kombinasi Gopro, RUN dan FMT mampu menjaga kesehatan.
Program Televisi Indonesia: Menguatkan ataukah Melemahkan Pancasila?
Authors: Harmonis  , Setyo Bono , Restendy Sinung
Published: August 2024

As the ideology and basic philosophy of the state, the values of Pancasila must be reflected in television broadcast programs in Indonesia as confirmed in articles 2 and 5 of Law No.32/2002. This research was conducted to analyze the content of broadcasting programs from the point of view of Pancasila values, and the efforts made by stakeholders in broadcasting, such as the Central Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPIP) in order to strengthen these values. Research using qualitative methods. Data was collected through documents and in-depth interviews. Informants were selected purposively. The results of the study show that among the many broadcast programs in Jakarta that carry out national broadcasts, there are still broadcast program contents that have not implemented Pancasila values, such as soap opera programs. The reason is due to the weak understanding of Pancasila values and the domination of ratings in the television industry in Indonesia. For this reason, various efforts are needed that can make broadcasters commit to implementing Pancasila values.
Editorial
Authors: Rianto Puji
Published: August 2024

Jurnal Komunikasi edisi November 2022-April 2023 menampilkan beragam tema, perspektif dan metode penelitian. Meskipun media baru telah berkembang dengan pesat dalam beberapa dekade belakangan, tetapi tema-tema lama tetap menarik peneliti. Bahkan, komunikasi pembangunan yang menjadi salah satu tema penting pada era 1970an hingga 1980an nyatanya masih diminati oleh peneliti dan tetap menjadi kajian menarik. Bagaimanapun perkembangan masyarakat Indonesia tidaklah serentak dari proses evolutif masyarakat tradisional ke masyarakat modern atau bahkan informasi. Ada wilayah-wilayah tertentu yang telah masuk ke dalam kategori masyarakat informasi sebagaimana tercermin di kota-kota besar seperti Jakarta, Surabaya dan Yogyakarta. Namun, di belahan lainnya, akses internet masih sangat sulit. Oleh karena itu, di era media sosial, komunikasi pembangunan tetap menjadi fokus kajian menarik.
Media Sosial dan Aktivisme Digital Perempuan: Analisis Wacana #Ibutunggalmelawan di Instagram
Authors: Dwityas Nindyta Aisyah , Marta Rustono Farady , Briandana Rizki
Published: August 2024

Digital activism, commonly referred to as online activism, is the practice of using electronic communication tools as a type of activism aimed at fostering the development of community movements. Digital activism is connected to online discourse through various mechanisms, including social media platforms, connectivity actions and the discursive construction of digital technology.  The purpose of this study is to examine the discourse that is growing in the comments section of the online petition content for the #MotherSingleMelawan on the Instagram account @changeorg_id, as well as the signs of female digital activism that are emerging. Marie-Anne Paveau pioneered the qualitative discourse analysis research methodology, which is particularly relevant when applied to online communication. The results of the research show that women's digital activism in the comments column of the #SingleMotherMelawan online petition consists of four main discourse themes, namely; 1) the discourse of belief-based gender oppression, 2) the discourse of gender relations in parental relations, 3) the discourse of justice for victims of gender-based violence, 4) the discourse of discrimination against single mothers.
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN PUZZLE INTERAKTIF SEBAGAI MEDIA PERMAINAN INKLUSIF EDUKATIF UNTUK LOW VISION USIA 7-10 TAHUN
Authors: Maharany Gunanda Tiara
Published: August 2024

Angka disabilitas netra yang masih cukup tinggi bagi anak usia pertumbuhan 7-10 tahun tentunya bukan menjadi hal yang menggembirakan. Pada usia tersebut, anak mulai mengalami berbagai tahapan perkembangan seperti fisik, kognitif, psikologi, dan bahasa. Sedangkan keterbatasan pada indra penglihatan yang mereka alami dapat menghambat perkembangan dan aktivitas sehari-hari. Akibatnya, sebagian besar mereka masih kesulitan dalam beraktivitas secara mandiri dan ketertinggalan dalam hal pemahaman konsep. Beberapa program dari pemerintah telah dicanangkan supaya para disabilitas netra bisa menjadi manusia yang cerdas, mandiri, dan dapat berkarya di masyarakat secara inklusif. Untuk mendukung program pentingnya layanan dini bagi anak tuna netra, diperlukan sarana edukasi khusus sesuai dengan usia dan tujuan kegiatan. Berdasarkan observasi langsung yang dilakukan pada Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa A Bandung, dibuatlah pengembangan desain puzzle interaktif sebagai sarana edukasi pemahaman konsep. Dengan mempertimbangkan aspek akademik, interaksi sosial, dan psikomotor bagi penggunanya, penderita low vision sebagai pengguna primer produk ini akan mendapat gaya belajarnya masing-masing dengan cara yang menyenangkan melalui kemampuan auditori dan kinestetiknya, serta memanfaatkan sisa indra yang masih dimiliki.
Energy Renormalization in a Berry Geometrical Phase: Low-Energy Perturbations of the Strong Interaction and the QCD Mass Gap
Authors: Gibbons Mark
Published: August 2024

A Berry geometrical phase is identified in a strongly metastable system containing dynamically responsive clathrate hydrate structures within a crystal-fluid material. High energy degeneracy in the associated chemistry produces local stability and false vacuum conditions that lead to non-extensive and non-additive contributions in the fundamental thermodynamic relation. Application of Ginzburg-Landau theory and the scaling laws reveals a coherence length (3.05 m) and a penetration depth (2.2 m) that characterize a macro-scale dual superconductor. The coherence length describes a magnetic condensate whilst its inverse gives the Higgs mass (0.33 kg) and non-extensive volume changes (± 0.5 l). The penetration depth determines the extent of QCD vacuum suppression whilst its inverse gives an effective vector boson mass (≤ 0.46 kg), the result of non-additive hyperbolic curvature. Simultaneous emergence of the Ginzburg-Landau superconducting phase transition is consistent with gauge-invariant coupling of the scalar field (≤ 3.6 ks-1) to the Yang-Mills action in QCD. The discovery of an energy gap in the gradient energy term of the system Lagrangian is associated with a critical correlation length (3.05 m) revealed in the transition from a gapped to a gapless superconducting state. Together with the emergence and absorption of the Higgs-like scalar field, a mechanism for describing a renormalized QCD mass gap arises.
Digital Image Correlation for Assessment of Bridges’ Technical State and Remaining Resource
Authors: Kopiika Nadiia , Blikharskyy Yaroslav
Published: August 2024

Bridges enable communications and transportation of goods nationally and internationally, underpinning economic and social activities, thus they are pylons of our prosperity and mobility. Bridges worldwide are constantly subjected to physical wear, ageing, deterioration, hazards, environmental influences, and increased loading. Loss of performance and functionality of bridge structures would have a crucial impact on overall infrastructural resilience and would cause significant negative economic and social consequences. Monitoring their behaviour for different loading conditions relies on accurate estimations of the stress-strain state of various critical components and remaining capacities. These activities are of high importance for better planning and lifespan prolongation, that is the extension of their service life and prevention of unforeseen collapses, in line with sustainability principles of well-informed maintenance. In many cases, access to the structure is limited or even impossible, which causes the need for the deployment of remote and contactless methods. One such innovative technique, which has recently attracted attention in scientific and practical applications is the digital image correlation (DIC). DIC is a contactless approach applicable for obtaining the full field of strains and deformations of full-scale real structures. Although the DIC approach has been widely used in world engineering practice for monitoring bridges and has proved to be a reliable and accurate method, there is a lack of systematic integral review on previous practical applications, revealing limitations and perspectives. This is the main motivation and novelty of this study, which will describe selected case studies, in which DIC was used on real full-scale bridge structures and propose improvements for the method.
Dirac’s Large Number Hypothesis: An Ongoing Quest for Correlations Between the Infinitesimal and the Infinite
Authors: Jiang Jonathan H. , Liu Ethan , Chen Yanbei
Published: August 2024

Dirac's Large Number Hypothesis (LNH), proposed in 1937, has captivated the scientific community with its exploration of profound correlations between cosmic and atomic scales. This hypothesis delves into the intricate interplay between the infinitesimally small and the vastly large, offering potential insights into the fundamental nature of the universe. As we continue to uncover the mysteries of the cosmos, the LNH oscillates on the precipice of scientific acceptance—neither fully validated nor entirely dismissed. In this review paper, we embark on a comprehensive journey through Dirac's LNH, shedding light on its theoretical underpinnings, its implications for universe models, and its resonance with the Anthropic Principle. We delve into the possibilities of variable gravitational constants and continuous mass creation, inviting further exploration into the intricacies of our cosmic symphony. By embracing the ongoing quest for understanding, we endeavor to unravel the profound harmonies that connect the infinitesimal with the infinite, contributing to the symphony of knowledge in theoretical physics and cosmology.
A Systematic Review on Expert Systems for Improving Energy Efficiency in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Ioshchikhes Borys , Frank Micheal , Weigold Matthias
Published: August 2024

Against the backdrop of the European Union's commitment to achieve climate neutrality by 2050, efforts to improve energy efficiency are being intensified. The manufacturing industry is a key focal point of these endeavors due to its high final electrical energy demand, while simultaneously facing a growing shortage of skilled workers crucial for meeting established goals. Expert systems (ESs) offer the chance to overcome this challenge by automatically identifying potential energy efficiency improvements and thereby playing a significant role in reducing electricity consumption. This paper systematically reviews state-of-the-art approaches of ESs aimed at improving energy efficiency in industry, with a focus on manufacturing. The literature search yields 1668 results, of which 62 articles published between 1987 and 2024 are analyzed in depth. These publications are classified according to the system boundary, manufacturing type, application perspective, application purpose, ES type, and industry. Furthermore, we examine the structure, implementation, utilization, and development of ESs in this context. Through this analysis, the review reveals research gaps, pointing toward promising topics for future research.
The Energy-Momentum Tensor of Electromagnetism Revisited
Authors: Collin Serge
Published: August 2024

Maxwell's energy-momentum tensor cannot be used as is in Einstein's equation for general relativity in the presence of sources. In this case, its four-divergence is non-zero, whereas the tensors in the equation must have this characteristic. However, the sun emits streams of ionized particles, gases are present within galaxies, material transfers in the form of ionized plasma can occur in binary star systems, and so on. These charges cannot be neglected in the study of space-time in these regions. Here, we present a modified version of this tensor that eliminates this flaw, provided that the potentials satisfy the Lorenz gauge. The distribution of sources will also be analyzed in light of fluid mechanics, allowing us to account for its influence in terms of generated pressure.
Urban Legislation and SDG Localization: A Pathway for Amman's Sustainable Future
Authors: Zeadat Zayed
Published: August 2024

Significant global challenges, particularly in the areas of economics, society, and the environment, are posed by urbanization. In this researcher-led study, we look at how Jordan is trying to bring the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to life in its capital, Amman, by bringing urban laws in line with these global goals. The paper finds legislative flaws that prevent SDG incorporation through a thorough analysis of the Amman Building and Regulation Act of 2019. Some of the main points covered are public participation, the use of renewable energy sources, sustainable construction practices, resilience in urban areas, and the management of natural resources. Although a lot of work has gone into it, the analysis shows that if Jordan wants to accomplish the 2030 Agenda and have sustainable urban growth in the future, it must overcome these institutional and legal barriers. As a model for other cities facing a similar challenge, Amman is being asked to lead the way in SDG localization through more public involvement, new laws, and innovative resource management.
The Role of Architectural Restoration in Preserving and Rehabilitating the Grand Throne Hall at Al-Jawhara Palace-Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi Citadel-Cairo-Egypt
Authors: Atallah Taha Abdelmouty , Abdel Rahim Shehata Ahmed , Al Yamany Magdy Ali
Published: August 2024

this paper focuses on a scientific study of the restoration, rehabilitation and reuse of the great throne hall, the most important hall in al-jawhara palace. it also aims to study the most important factors and forces of damage that affected the great throne hall, natural, biological, and human, and the resulting damage. field tests were performed, laboratory tests to determine fracture stress, liquidity and spandex limits tests, chemical analysis on soil samples and geoelectrical testing of the soil, and the results did not show caves or voids in the ground until a depth of 10.00 m, construc-tion materials were studied and tested using x-ray, (xrd), mechanical tests (tensile, shear, com-pression), and a study of the effect of seismic loads on the walls; the results showed horizontal and vertical cracks; based on the study and analysis of these cracks, it was possible to present modern techniques in restoration and reinforcement methods, and in conclusion, the researcher's recommendations.
Morocco's Webinars Ignite Global Academic Resilience in Doctoral Research
Authors: Nadif Bendaoud
Published: August 2024

General Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered significant disruptions in education worldwide, compelling a shift to online learning across various contexts, including in Morocco. Specific Background: In response to this challenge, the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences at Mohammed V University in Rabat initiated the "Language, Culture, and Society" (LCS) webinar series. This program provided a virtual platform for doctoral students, aiming to sustain academic progress and emotional well-being during the crisis. Knowledge Gap: Despite the proliferation of online educational initiatives during the pandemic, there is limited research on how such programs specifically impact doctoral students' academic and psychological resilience. Aims: This article aims to explore the transformative role of the LCS webinar series in enhancing the academic journey and personal growth of doctoral students, particularly in alleviating challenges such as despair and reader's block. Results: The LCS webinars emerged as a crucial support mechanism, facilitating academic discourse, skill development, and psychological reinforcement. The program significantly contributed to restoring confidence, refining research trajectories, and fostering a culture of collaboration among an international online community. Novelty: This study provides a unique narrative reflection on the impact of a specific online educational program during a global crisis, emphasizing the dual academic and psychological support offered to doctoral students. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of online platforms in higher education, particularly in crisis contexts. The success of the LCS webinars suggests that similar initiatives could be replicated to support doctoral students globally, offering sustained academic and emotional support through accessible, high-quality online resources.
Highlights:
 

Webinar Impact: Enhanced academic progress and growth.
Psychological Support: Overcame despair with emotional reinforcement.
Global Collaboration: Fostered international scholarly connections.

 
Keywords: COVID-19, online learning, doctoral students, webinars, academic resilience
Groundwater and wetlands contamination with pesticides and nutrients from farms in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Cervantes‑Servin Adrian Ixcoatl , Arora Meenakshi , Myers Jackie , Pettigrove Vincent
Published: August 2024

Intensive farming in regions like the Glenelg Hopkins, Victoria, Australia, leads to substantial usage of pesticides and nutrients, posing the risk of agrochemical pollution to groundwater and wetlands. This study estimates the extent of pollution in aquifers and wetlands in the agricultural region. Tests were conducted for triazines (atrazine, hexazinone, metribuzin, prometrym, simazine, desisopropyl-atrazine, and desethyl-atrazine), nitrogen and phosphorus in 23 groundwater monitoring bores susceptible to agricultural pollution and ten nearby wetlands. Results indicated that one bore exhibited elevated pesticide levels, with a total concentration of 19.43 µg/L. Nitrogen and phosphorus were detected in most groundwater bores with concentrations below 51.6 mg/L and 0.30 mg/L, respectively. Compound Atrazine was found in three wetlands below 0.064 µg/L, while simazine was detected in four wetlands below 1.2 µg/L. The study suggests that although low pesticide levels were observed in wetlands, nutrient contamination is prevalent in the aquifer at the study site. Further investigation is necessary to comprehend the impacts of pesticides and nutrients on groundwater and wetland ecosystems. These findings emphasize the importance of ongoing monitoring and research to mitigate the adverse effects of intensive agricultural practices on groundwater and wetlands, thus, holding significant implications for policymakers and researchers.
Heat and mass transfer in heated concrete: evaluation and validation of five numerical models
Authors: Weber Benedikt , Davie Colin T. , Millard Alain , Wang Jiayi , Dauti Dorjan , Zhang Yiming , Mindeguia Jean-Christophe , Zeiml Matthias , Pont Stefano Dal , Pesavento Francesco
Published: August 2024

Modeling the behavior of concrete during fire is a challenging problem involving heat transfer and two-phase fluid flow with phase change in a porous medium. An additional difficulty is that the material properties of concrete are highly temperature dependent and difficult to determine experimentally. As part of the activities of the RILEM Technical Committee 256-SPF, five research teams conducted a study to evaluate their models. The simulated temperatures and pore pressures were compared with the results from tests with two types of concrete. To obtain a realistic comparison, material data of the two concretes were collected from various reports. On the theoretical side, state-of-the-art formulations are reviewed, and similarities and differences between the implementations are discussed. The study shows that all models give satisfactory results, although with calibration of some key material parameters. Possible reasons for the need for calibration are discussed.
A Method for Intangible Cultural Heritage Image Enhancement Based on Digital Twin
Authors: Xie Rongdong , Xia Huan , Li Xiaojie , Zhong Cheng
Published: August 2024

Currently, the existence, inheritance, and innovative development of Intangible Cultural Heritage are faced with various challenges. In order to improve the dissemination, storage, and innovative development of Intangible Cultural Heritage information, and to carry out creative transformations of Intangible Cultural Heritage, it is necessary to adopt more intuitive digital image technologies. Image enhancement is a pivotal application of such technology, enabling it to be utilized effectively. The paper proposes an image enhancement method based on Digital Twin technology. The effectiveness of the model proposed is validated by comparing the method with traditional image enhancement methods. The final test results indicate that the digital twin structural model significantly outperforms existing algorithms.
WITHDRAWN: Comparison of vacuum suction semirigid ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy and flexible ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy for upper ureteral calculi with a diameter ≥ 15mm: a retrospective study
Authors: Lai Longhui , Zhang Yuanfeng , Wang Yingru , Fan Guangrui , Chen Chaohu , Yao Kang , Zhang Wenzhao , Liu Yongfei , Zhu Kai , Xing Jinchun , Bai Peide , Wang Tao , Chen Bin , Wang Zhiping
Published: August 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Effect of exercise training with consideration of potential moderating variables in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Manresa-Rocamora Agustín , Kenneally Laura Fuertes , Sempere-Ruiz Noemí , Blasco-Peris Carles , Ibañez-Criado Alicia , Climent-Payá Vicente , Sarabia José Manuel
Published: August 2024

Background
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) shows promise as an adjunctive treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Previous evidence has highlighted its beneficial impact in this population. However, studies exhibit significant heterogeneity and often fail to differentiate between AF types. Furthermore, the specific influence of training variables such as exercise modality or intensity on the exercise-induced effects remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of our review was to assess the effect of exercise training (i.e., aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise), on exercise capacity, quality of life (QoL), resting heart rate (HR), AF burden, and symptoms in AF.
Methods
Electronic searches were conducted in Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science up to November 2023. Standardised mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) were estimated in controlled and parallel-arm studies. Effect size indices were pooled using a random-effects model when at least three studies reported a specific outcome. Additionally, subgroup analyses were carried out based on AF type.
Results
Most of the studies used moderate intensity exercise (MIE). The results showed that aerobic exercise improves peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) to a greater extent than usual care, with higher increase in permanent AF (MD = 4.55 [CI = 3.33; 5.78] ml/kg/min) than non-permanent AF (MD + = 1.60 [CI = 1.12; 2.07] ml/kg/min). Compared to usual care, aerobic exercise only diminished resting HR in non-permanent AF (MD+ = − 12.79 [CI = − 15.90: − 9.67] bpm). No differences were found for improving QoL and 6-min walk test (6MWT) (p > .050). The effect of exercise on AF burden and symptoms has been poorly studied. No pooled analyses were performed by including parallel-arm studies. The findings showed no influence of the aerobic intensity or modality.
Conclusion
Aerobic exercise improves VO2 peak in patients with permanent and non-permanent AF. MIE reduces resting HR in patients with permanent AF, while no differences were found in non-permanent AF. In contrast, CR does not demonstrate superior improvements in the 6MWT or QoL compared to usual care. Further research is needed to determine the impact of CR on AF burden and symptoms, and to elucidate how exercise modality and intensity influence outcomes.
Analysis of the Retinal Periphery of High-Performance Athletes: Incidentally Discovered Lesions in Contact Sports Players
Authors: Arej Nicolas , Treguer Hervé , Cossec Chloé Le , Kakona Benjamin , Mandrillon Nicolas , Vasseur Vivien , Garrec Sébastien Le , Blanchard Sylvain , Bruneau Sébastien , Bonnin Sophie
Published: August 2024

Background
Ocular trauma is common in athletes, especially those practicing contact sports. Besides overt injuries, little is known about asymptomatic lesions resulting from repetitive head or ocular trauma. The prevalence of peripheral retinal lesions in elite athletes and the potential risk attributable to participation in contact sports were investigated in this monocentric retrospective study.
Results
The study enrolled 88 professional athletes, predominantly male (80%) with an average age of 26 years, who were screened at the Rothschild Foundation Hospital. All athletes had fundus examination and ultra-wide field retinal imaging (UWF) for both eyes, looking for lesions of the peripheral retina. The screening encompassed athletes from both contact and non-contact sports, with a majority (62%) engaging in contact sports, primarily rugby. The prevalence of peripheral retinal lesions among contact sport athletes was estimated at 36.4% [27.4% − 45.4%], significantly higher than that among non-contact sports athletes (6.1% [3.0% – 11.8%]). The diagnostic efficacy of UWF imaging in detecting these lesions was limited, with a sensitivity of 45.2% [34.1% − 56.2%]and specificity of 93.6% [88.2% − 99.0%] compared to dilated fundus examination.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that peripheral retinal lesions are more prevalent among high-performance athletes participating in contact sports, underscoring the importance of regular ophthalmological assessment in this population.
Association Between Radiotherapy and Non-Gastric Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Resectable Gastric Cancer : A propensity-adjusted, population-based SEER analysis
Authors: Li Li , Gao Yunhe , Li Hua , Zhang Benlong , Wang Zijian , Wang ErPeng , Zhang Kecheng , Xia Shaoyou , Qiao Zhi
Published: August 2024

Background The study aims to investigate the relationship between radiotherapy (RT) and the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) in GC patients, and assess the prognostic impact of RT. Patients and methods: We retrieved data on patients with primary GC from the SEER database. The study focused on the association between RT and the occurrence of hematologic malignancies at least 2 years post-diagnosis, as well as the emergence of solid cancers at least 5 years post-diagnosis. For the analysis, we employed competing risk regression analysis and Poisson regression following propensity score matching, along with implemented stratified analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of RT on the prognosis of GC patients using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Results A total of 24,390 surgically treated patients with pathologically confirmed GC were enrolled in the study. The median OS was 37.0 months (95%CI 16.0-100.0) in the RT group and 24.0 months (IQR, 8.0–24.0) in the NRT group (HR = 0.77, 95%CI 0.74–0.80, P < 0.001). Among the survivors who lived beyond 2 years, 56 (0.70%) were diagnosed with second hematologic malignancies. Additionally, both competing risks and Poisson regressions indicate that RT is not linked to second hematologic malignancies (HR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.57–1.62, P = 0.87; RR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.59–1.69, P = 0.97). In 5-year survivors, 362 (7.10%) were diagnosed with second primary solid malignancies, and RT was also not associated with overall second solid malignancies (HR = 1.05, 95%CI, 0.86–1.32, P = 0.61; RR = 1.10, 95%CI, 0.89–1.35, P = 0.39). In subgroup analyses, no association was found between RT and SPM occurrence at any site, and no specific population was identified regarding the effect of RT on the development of SPMs. Conclusion RT improves the prognosis for patients with resectable GC, with no evidence of increasing the risk of developing second primary hematologic or solid malignancies.
Different dynamics of soluble inflammatory mediators after clearance of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 versus blood-borne hepatitis C virus infections
Authors: Zeuzem Antonia , Kumar Saumya Dileep , Oltmanns Carlos , Mischke Jasmin , Drick Nora , Fuge Jan , Pink Isabell , Tauwaldt Jan , Debarry Jennifer , Illig Thomas , Wedemeyer Heiner , Maasoumy Benjamin , Li Yang , Kraft Anke R.M. , Cornberg Markus
Published: August 2024

Background and Objectives: Viral infections can be acute or chronic, with the immune system pivotal in immunopathogenesis. The potential reversibility of inflammation post-viral elimination is of current interest. This study compares the dynamics of soluble inflammatory mediators (SIM) during and after respiratory infections with SARS-CoV-2 and blood-borne acute and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections.
Patients and Methods: The study included patients with acute HCV (n=29), chronic HCV (n=54), and SARS-CoV-2 (n=39 longitudinal, n=103 cross-sectional), along with 30 healthy controls. Blood samples were collected at baseline, end of treatment/infection, and during follow-up (up to 9 months). SIMs were quantified using the HD-SP-X Imaging and Analysis SystemTM.
Results: At baseline, SIM profiles in acute SARS-CoV-2 and HCV infections were significantly elevated compared with controls. During follow-up, SIM decline was less pronounced in acute and chronic HCV infections after successful therapy than in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Most SIM in the SARS-CoV-2 cohort normalized within 3 months. In chronic HCV, SIM were higher in cirrhotic than noncirrhotic patients post-HCV elimination.
Conclusions: Dynamics of SIM after viral elimination vary between blood-borne acute and chronic HCV infections and respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infections. Immunological imprints 3-9 months after HCV elimination appear more pronounced than after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Waning Success: a 2013-2022 spatial and temporal trend analysis of malaria in Ethiopia
Authors: Jalilian Abdollah , Ayana Galana Mamo , Ashine Temesgen , Hailemeskel Elifaged , Ebstie Yehenew Asmamaw , Molla Eshetu , Esayas Endashaw , Negash Nigatu , Kochora Abena , Assefa Muluken , Teferi Natnael , Teshome Daniel , Reynolds Alison M. , Weetman David , Wilson Anne L. , Kenate Birhanu , Donnelly Martin J , Sedda Luigi , gadisa endalamaw
Published: August 2024

Background After consecutive decades of success in reducing malaria, Ethiopia went off target to meet the 2030 malaria elimination goal. The current nationwide malaria outbreaks are attributed to emergence and spread of diagnostic and drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum, increased insecticide resistance and the spread of invasive Anopheles stephensi. COVID-19 pandemic, environmental anomalies and internal conflicts are also potential factors for malaria increase. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of environment and An. stephensi in the spatiotemporal trends of malaria in Ethiopia.Methods A negative binomial regression model was used to describe variability and potential overdispersion in the weekly number of malaria cases across Ethiopian zones. Its components included fixed and random effects, temporal trends, zone-specific seasonality, and zone-level spatial trends.Results Significant temporal trend in malaria risk was observed nationwide, a decline from 2013 to 2018 followed by a sharp increase starting in early 2022. While environmental variables were able to explain slightly over half (55%) of the variability, the rest was captured by a residual seasonal variation; itself showing large geographic clusters. Zones of the western and northwestern regions exhibited higher malaria risks compared to other zones. The spread of An. stephensi did not emerge as contributor in our model.Conclusions The waning in the success of malaria program in Ethiopia could palpably eased by having due focus on predictable environmental factor. The random local spatiotemporal variations shaping malaria risk distribution emphasize the need for tailored intervention and better understanding of underling factors that potentially drive local epidemic.
Specific microRNA clusters in cerebrospinal fluid as biomarkers for brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Su Yiliin , Wang Lan , Hu Yucheng , Li Ziming , Xu Pingyi , Mo Mingshu
Published: August 2024

Background
Brain metastasis (BMs) is commonly observed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with poor prognosis. Specific tissue microRNAs have emerged as clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC, and their profiles in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be ideal biomarkers for the early detection of BMs in NSCLC patients.
Methods
Based on previous studies, we selected miR-155, miR-21, and miR-492 as specific microRNA cluster for further investigation. We detected and compared the concentration of this miRNA cluster in the serum and CSF of the patients with NSCLC with or without BMs. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the role of microRNAs in predicting BMs in NSCLC patients. The cutoff values were set as the criteria for abnormal expression for qualitative analysis, and patients with all or one of the miRNAs in this cluster with abnormal expression were classified as positive cases.
Results
The serum and CSF concentrations of miR-155, miR-21, and miR-492 were significantly higher in NSCLC patients than in controls. NSCLC patients with BMs had higher concentrations of miR-155, miR-492, and miR-21 in the CSF than without BMs. The miR-155, miR-492, and miR-21 in the CSF were used for predicting BMs from NSCLC, and their areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.911, 0.863, and 0.872, respectively. The concentrations of miR-155, miR-492, and miR-21 in the CSF closely correlated with those in the serum of NSCLC. According to the qualitative analysis, the percentages of specific microRNA clusters in patients with NSCLC with BMs were significantly greater than in patients with NSCLC without BMs.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that the concentrations of specific microRNA clusters, including miR-155, miR-21, and miR-492, increased in the CSF of patients with NSCLC with BMs, suggesting the potential value in predicting BMs in NSCLC patients.
Real-World Data on Clinical Outcomes and Validation of Prognostic Models for Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma: A Multicentric Retrospective Study in Southern China
Authors: Xiang Qiu-Yuan , Wu Jing-Song , Huang Ling , Liu Ting-Bo , Peng Zhi-Gang , Lin Li-E , Wei Xiao-Lei , Zhang Hong-Yu , Lin Yun , Li Guo-Wei , Jiang Yi-Rong , Wang Hua , Shi Ke-Qian , Qiu Xiao , Li Wenyu , Zhou Jihao
Published: August 2024

Background:This study aimed to elucidate the treatment outcomes and prognosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) patients in a real-world setting.Objectives:We assessed the clinical value of new drug applications, evaluated the predictive power of various prognostic models, and provided valuable insights to guide future research endeavors.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 140 patients with AITL enrolled in 19 lymphoma centers of the T-cell Lymphoma Collaborative Group in South China. In this study, 82.9% of patients were treated with a CHOP-like chemotherapy regimen as the primary intervention. An initial treatment strategy incorporating Chidamide was employed for 36.4% of the patient cohort. Multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. The concordance index (C-index) was utilized to assess and compare the predictive power of the prognostic models.Results:The median age of the 140 patients was 62.0 years. The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 36.1%, and the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was 60.3%. Among the first-line treatments, the CR rates for the chidamide-containing and chidamide-free groups were 21.6% and 28.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified age, bone marrow involvement, and not receiving a CHOP-like regimen as first-line treatment as poor prognostic factors for both PFS and OS. Multivariate analysis showed that age was the most significant independent prognostic factor. The AITL score, PIAI score and Chinese AITL score showed higher C-index values, the Chinese AITL score demonstrating the most distinct stratification between the low-risk and high-risk groups.Conclusions:The prognosis of AITL remains poor in the real world. The addition of the HDAC inhibitor chidamide did not increase the remission rate or prolong the remission. The Chinese AITL score was the most powerful model for risk stratification and predicting long-term prognosis in Chinese AITL patients.
Financial Development, Public Health Financing, and Health Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Musah Abubakar , Aawaar Godfred , Musah Godwin , Abdul-Mumuni Abdallah
Published: August 2024

Background
This paper examines the effect of financial development on health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study decomposes financial development into access, depth, and efficiency and test their separate effects on health outcomes. The paper also examines interaction effect of public health spending and financial development on health outcomes.
Methods
This paper is based on panel data for forty-five countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) collected from the World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) over the period 2000 to 2021. We adopt the 2-step system GMM as the estimation technique to examine the relationships among the variables.
Results
The findings show that improvement in financial development measures improves health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The findings further show that, in SSA, higher out-of-pocket expenses lead to worsening health outcomes. The relationship between financial development and health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa is strongly moderated by public health financing and out-of-pocket medical expenses.
Conclusions
The findings imply that financial development, public health financing, and out-of-pocket health expenditure are critical when it comes to health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. To lower infant and maternal mortality rates and raise life expectancy, actions must be taken to strengthen the financial system and lower household out-of-pocket medical expenses whilst increasing public health financing. These findings guide health policy formulation for the improvement of health outcomes in SSA.
Geochemistry, source area weathering and tectonic setting of Wabane soils, Mount Bamboutos, Cameroon Volcanic Line
Authors: Yiika Lemnyuy Prosper , Djibril Kouankap Gus Nono , Suh Guejeo Christian , Junior Emmanuel Eseya Mengu , Berinyuy Chin Thierry , Sekem Sharila Gillian , Rene Adze Meniemoh
Published: August 2024

This study is the first attempt to assess the source area weathering, tectonic setting and trace metal enrichment in Wabane soils, Mount Bamboutos, Cameroon based on geochemical data. Twelve soil samples were analysed for major and trace elements using inductive couple plasma mass spectrometry and mineral content by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Mineralogical investigation of soil samples indicate the present of plagioclase and pyroxene as primary minerals and kaolinite and gibbsite as secondary minerals. Chemical investigation revealed high concentrations of SiO2 (adj), Al2O3 and Fe2O3 in soil samples. Weathering indices (CIW, PIA, CIA and CIX) indicate moderate to intense weathering in source area; supported by Ruxton index (SiO2/Al2O3) and K₂O/Na₂O ratios, prevailing during hot humid pre-depositional period and reflect by removal of labile cations (Ca, Na, K) relative to stable residual constituents (Al and Ti). The Log (Fe2O3/K2O) versus log (SiO2/Al2O3) plot reveals mainly wacke and litharenite, consistent with the dominant aluminous siliceous composition of the parent rocks and soils. The tectonic setting discrimination plots indicate that alluvial sediments, parent material of soils, originate from an active continental margin while the discriminant function-based multidimensional tectonic diagram indicate continental rift setting suggesting that parent materials are from the Pan-African basement of the Central African Fold Belt. Trace metal enrichment indicate predominantly geogenic sources of trace metals in soils of Wabane, Mount Bamboutos, Cameroon. Weathering may result in the undesirable accumulation of certain trace elements which adversely can contaminate the soils and affect agriculture.
Research on rock burst prevention and control technology of steep extra-thick coal seam
Authors: Liang Kaihua , Zhao Hong , Li Yang , Pan Weihui , Ma Fuwu , LI Nannan
Published: August 2024

In order to study the prevention and control effect of the emergency relief measures of water injection before blasting on the sharp inclined ultra-thick coal seam, the south mining area of Wudong Coal Mine in Urumqi Mining area of China was taken as the research object. Based on the special geological conditions of the mine field, the methods of field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test were comprehensively applied. This paper analyzes the change law of stress distribution of rock pillar in the middle of steep extra-thick coal seam with the increase of mining depth, and puts forward a technology of pre-cracking blasting to relieve pressure of rock pillar by building construction chamber in the middle of rock pillar, so as to form buffer layer in rock wall and prevent stress from moving down effectively. The optimum blasting hole spacing is determined by combining the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation results with the field test. The results show that there is little difference between the theoretical calculated hole spacing and the simulated one, and the hole spacing can be increased from 8 m to 10 m by using the rock burst control scheme of water injection before blasting. The EH-4 high-resolution electromagnetic imaging system and Terra TEM subsurface transient electromagnetic instrument were used to detect the spatial structure of overlying rock before and after blasting, and it was confirmed that the pressure relief effect of surface blasting and underground blasting was obvious. The research results are of guiding significance for relieving pressure and preventing scour of rock pillars between coal seams in Wudong mine field, and provide reference for the selection of other mine blasting relieving pressure schemes under similar conditions.
A brain tumor segmentation method based on attention mechanism
Authors: Cao Juan , Liu Jinjia , Chen Jiaran
Published: August 2024

With the exacerbation of global population aging, the incidence of brain tumors continues to rise, placing unprecedented pressure on medical institutions in their diagnostic and treatment work. Therefore, in clinical practice, providing precise and reliable auxiliary diagnostic information to physicians has become crucial to meet the demand for efficient and accurate diagnostics. In order to assist neurosurgeons in accurate diagnosis and surgical planning on brain MRI data, this study proposes a novel attention-based brain tumor segmentation algorithm, named BSAU-Net. Considering the complexity and diversity of brain tumor edges, this study introduces an Edge Aware (EA) module to enhance the sensitivity of the BSAU-Net to tumor regions while preserving the integrity of their edge contours. The importance of global spatial relationships of tumors for precise segmentation is acknowledged by proposing a Spatial Self-Attention (SPA) module, which establishes correlations between global features, thereby improving the model's segmentation performance. To address the issue of class imbalance, a novel loss function, BADLoss, is designed to alleviate the performance degradation of BSAU-Net. The BSAU-Net algorithm, as proposed, demonstrates exceptional performance on the BraTS2018 and BraTS2021 datasets, with an average Dice coefficient of 0.7506, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 0.7863, and Sensitivity of 0.8998.
Study of the Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Helal Emad Hamdy , Abdella Ali Mohamed Ali , Hantera Mohamed Sayed , Faraghly Aymen Abdelahmid , Farhat Amgad Abdel Raouf
Published: August 2024

Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) represents a condition affecting small arteries of the pulmonary vasculature, inducing progressive blockage that results in increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) as well as pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), which are defining features of such a disorder. This work was aimed at investigating the PH prevalence among chronic kidney disease (CKD) cases and its linkage to disease severity and the relations between CKD management and PH.
Methods
Our prospective observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 CKD patients at Chest Department, Tanta University Hospitals and Air Forces Specialized Hospitals from December 2020 to December 2022.
Results
The most frequent diagnosis of PH was Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (36.7%) followed by Group 2 Cardiac causes (30%) followed by Group 4 chronic thromboembolic PH (26.7%) and (6.7%) experienced normal pulmonary hemodynamics by RHC. Also, a statistically significant correlation was documented among CKD staging as well as risk assessment of PH (p 0.024). A significant association was documented among treatment as well as risks for developing PH (p 0.034). Patients on medical treatment (60%) showed low risk while (33.3%) of patients depending on dialysis showed high risk.
Conclusions
PH was diagnosed in 28 CKD patients confirmed by right (RT) side cardiac catheterization among 120 CKD patients studied for PH assessment representing 23.5%. Right Side Cardiac Catheterization is more accurate than echocardiography in confirming diagnosis of PH. Severity of PH showed significant association with CKD stage.