bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
أوجه الاختلاف بين السيرتين الذاتيتين (الأيام لطه حسين وأكى لوولى شوينكا) AWJUH AL-IKHTILAF BAINA AS-SIRATAIN ADZ-DZATITAIN (AL-AYYAM LI TAHA HUSSEIN WA AKE LI WOLE SOYINKA)
Authors: Zubair Abdulhakeem
Published: November 2020

الدراسة المقارنة هي فن من فنون الأدب التي تعزز تلاقي الأفكار والمعرفة والثقافة. ولقد تلقى هذا النوع من الدراسة عناية فائقة لدى الدارسين في اللغة العربية والإنجليزية في العصر الحديث. ومع ذلك، كانت مقارنة العمل الأدبي العربي بالعمل الأدبي الإنجليزي نادرًا جدًا في مجال الدراسات العربية في نيجيريا. لذلك ركّزتُ هذه الورقة على استنباط ودراسة أوجه الاختلاف بين كتابي «الأيام» لطه حسين و«أكى سنوات الطفولة»لـ Wole Soyinka (وولي شوينكا). ومن أهدافها أن تقوم بمقارنة وتباين مضامين العملين الأدبيْين، وتحليل الجانب الفني والسردي في الكتابين المقارنين وتوضيح بعض سلوك الطفولة على الرغم من خلفية منطقتيهما وأيديولوجيتيهما ودينيهما المختلفين؛ واعتمدت الدراسة على منهجين أساسي ينهما المنهج التاريخي والمنهج التحليلي؛ أما المنهج التاريخي فيتناول نبذة يسيرة عن حياة كل من الأديبين من خلال الدراسة. والمنهج التحليلي عبارة عن دراسة السيرتين الذاتيتين للأديبين، وتمّ تحليلهما على المعايير الأدبية والفنية. وفي الختام أثبت هذا البحث أنّ السيرتين تعكسان حياة الطفولة للکاتبين مع الاختلاف في البيئة والثقافة، وكلا العملين يتفق مع المعايير الفنية والقواعد اللغوية الموضوعة في كلتي اللغتين مع اختلافهما في أسلوب الكتابة. وأوصت الدراسة أنتترجم أعمال وولي شوينكا إلى اللغة العربية وأعمال طه حسين إلى الإنجليزية كما تحثّ الباحثين أن يركّزوا عنايتهم على تجارب الطفولة في أعمال الأدباء الأفارقة رغم اختلاف بيئاتهم وثقافاتهم؛ لاستنباط الفوائد والمعلومات من تلاقي الأفكار والمعارف.Comparative study is an art of literature promoting the convergence of ideas, knowledge and culture. This type of study has received great concern among students of Arabic and English in the modern era. However, the comparison between Arabic and English literary work is very rare in the field of Arabic studies in Nigeria. Therefore, this paper focuses on the differences between the books, “Al-Ayyam” by Taha Hussein and “Ake Years of Childhood” by Wole Soyinka. Its objectives were to compare and contrast the contents of the two literary works, to analyze the artistic and narrative side of them, and to clarify some childhood behaviours despite their different backgrounds in their regions, ideologies and religions. This study relied on two basic approaches, the historical and analytical methods. The historical method deals with a simple overview of the lives of both writers. The analytical method includes studying the writers’ biographies analyzed based on literary and artistic criteria. In conclusion, the findings show that the two biographies reflect the writers’ childhood with the difference in the environment and culture. Besides, both works are consistent with the technical standards and the linguistic rules established in both languages with their differences in writing style. The study recommended that Soyinka’s work is translated into Arabic and Hussein’s work into English. Researchers should focus more on the works of African writers despite their different environment and cultures to derive benefits and information from the convergence of ideas and knowledge.
Determinants of Trade Flows between Colombia and South Korea
Authors: Ariza Marin Sandra Daniela
Published: November 2020

This paper identifies the determinants of trade flows between Colombia and South Korea. For this purpose, the economic and commercial profile for both countries, bilateral trade and the signed FTA were analyzed. Likewise, a gravity model for total and sectorial trade with panel data for the period of 1993-2013 is applied, finding consistencies with the theoretical postulates. Variables such as income of the importer and exporter countries determine positive and significant bilateral trade, while the distance and landlocked decrease the likelihood of trade. Furthermore, the results of the gravity model indicate that the free trade agreements have no significant impact on trade of South Korea; however, from the analysis of the agreement it is considered that Colombian agricultural and agro-industrial products have potential opportunities to compete in the Asian country.
Studi Komparatif Motivasi dan Prestasi Belajar Taruna AAL Ditinjau dari Pilihan Korps Untuk Mewujudkan World Class Navy
Authors: Komarudin Koko
Published: November 2020

The interest of cadets is one of the considerations to determine their Service Corps while studying in the Naval Academy; though, it bears the least point compared among other aspects.  Based on some views of educational experts, interest is a motivational tool that can arouse the excitement of learning. Hypothetically, cadets who have good motivation to learn are feasibly able to get better achievement. The author carried out the study to find out the distinction of motivation and learning achievement between cadets with the corps of their interests and those whose corps are not on their interests: the influencing factors upon motivation and learning achievement; and simulation of dynamic system of motivation and achievement with the samples of 4th-grader  Cadets of 62 in Indonesian Naval Academy.  By using the results of independent t-test with a value greater than 0.05.  apparently there is no significant differences of motivation and learning achievement  among the cadets with different corps in relevance  with their interests. Then based on the descriptive analysis, factors that influence the motivation and learning achievement are: the instructors and the cadres, teaching materials, teaching and learning facilities and learning social environment with the  average  point of 84.25% of satisfaction level. The result from the dynamic system simulation model tells that the respondents who have very good level of interest and are supported optimally by  the influencing  factors, are able to achieve GPA 3.6. It proves that interest, motivation and influencing factors come in linear to better achievement among cadets. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct regular and organized  evaluation toward learning factors for optimal learning achievement of cadets.
Shifting the use of Leuit in agricultural systems
Authors: Fathurohmah Ani , Prasetyo Djoko Adi
Published: November 2020

Leuit is a grain bin and has a function to store the community’s rice grains of Suka Puyuh Village. This research aims to describe the preservation effort of Leuit in Suka Puyuh Village. Leuit has been preserved through family trait, Leuit reactivation program, and exploiting ruwat lembur tradition as the mechanism. The villagers’ attempts to preserve the Leuit intrigued the researcher to conduct further research concerning the existence of the Leuit in Suka Puyuh Village. This research is an ethnographic research along with employing a descriptive method and qualitative approach. Further, the technique of data collection uses observation methods and depth interviews. The obtained data are analyzed using Wilbert E. Moore’s Social Change theory. The results of this study indicate that Leuit in Kampung Suka Puyu’s community life has undergone a shift because of the change of social structure. Development of the agricultural system from simple to a more advanced and varied level has an impact on the shift of farming system to gardening system.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Perdagangan Barang Hasil Penyelundupan
Authors: Muhammad Andrian
Published: November 2020

Penulisan yang menggunakan metode penulisan yuridis normatif ini membahas mengenai perbuatan hukum, yaitu memperdagangkan barang hasil penyelundupan. Seperti yang kita ketahui, praktik-praktik memperdagangkan barang hasil penyelundupan masih banyak ditemukan di Indonesia seakan-akan praktik ini dianggap tidak bertentangan dengan hukum karena banyak orang memaklumi perbuatan ini. Padahal, berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, perbuatan tersebut merupakan perbuatan yang dilarang serta diancam pidana. Ketentuan yang dimaksud adalah Pasal 480 KUHP yang menjelaskan tentang penadahan. Kemudian, dalam Pasal 6, Pasal 35, Pasal 47 UU Perdagangan, dan Pasal 103 UU Kepabeanan yang menjelaskan tentang perdagangan barang hasil penyelundupan di bidang impor. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia yang dapat dikenakan terhadap pelaku perdagangan barang hasil penyelundupan, seperti yang tertulis dalam KUHP, Undang-Undang No. 10 Tahun 1995 jo. Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2006 tentang Kepabeanan dan Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan. Dari peraturan-peraturan tersebut, diatur mengenai sanksi pidana yang menjadi pertanggungjawaban pelaku.
Perlindungan Hukum Saksi Pelapor Tindak Pidana Korupsi Dalam Konteks Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Rahmansyah Ilham
Published: November 2020

Saksi Pelapor atau Whistleblower Tindak Pidana adalah pihak yang mengetahui dan melaporkan tindak pidana tertentu dan bukan merupakan bagian dari pelaku kejahatan yang dilaporkannya. Berkaitan dengan pelaporan dugaan tindak pidana korupsi, pada dasarnya masyarakat bertanggung jawab memberikan informasi adanya dugaan telah terjadi tindak pidana korupsi (pelapor tindak pidana korupsi). Melaporkan adanya dugaan tindak pidana korupsi bukanlah suatu larangan melainkan keharusan. Whistleblower atau saksi pelapor tidak dapat dituntut secara hukum baik pidana maupun perdata atas laporan, kesaksian yang akan, sedang atau yang telah diberikannya.
Thesis Supervisor Recommendation with Representative Content and Information Retrieval
Authors: Wijanto Maresha Caroline , Rachmadiany Rachmi , Karnalim Oscar
Published: November 2020

Background: In higher education in Indonesia, students are often required to complete a thesis under the supervision of one or more lecturers. Allocating a supervisor is not an easy task as the thesis topic should match a prospective supervisor’s field of expertise.Objective: This study aims to develop a thesis supervisor recommender system with representative content and information retrieval. The system accepts a student thesis proposal and replies with a list of potential supervisors in a descending order based on the relevancy between the prospective supervisor’s academic publications and the proposal.Methods: Unique to this, supervisor profiles are taken from previous academic publications. For scalability, the current research uses the information retrieval concept with a cosine similarity and a vector space model.Results: According to the accuracy and mean average precision (MAP), grouping supervisor candidates based on their broad expertise is effective in matching a potential supervisor with a student. Lowercasing is effective in improving the accuracy. Considering only top ten most frequent words for each lecturer’s profile is useful for the MAP.Conclusion:An arguably effective thesis supervisor recommender system with representative content and information retrieval is proposed.
Moving Object Detection Using Ultrasonic Radar with Proper Distance, Direction, and Object Shape Analysis
Authors: Biswas Angona , Abedin Sabrina , Kabir Md. Ahasan
Published: November 2020

Background: In its early development, radar (radio detection and ranging) was primarily used by the navy, the military, and the aviation services, as well as space organizations for security and monitoring purposes. Nowadays, the demand of radar is expanding. Research has been conducted to overcome the limitations of radar.Objective: One of the current limitations to detect moving object. The current paper aims to fill the gap in the literature by using a radar system in the identification of moving object, capturing the distance, direction, radar pulse duration and object shape simultaneously. Velocity or the object’s speed towards or away from the radar was determined by using an algorithm to obtain the precision.Methods: The accuracy of distance measurement and angle is ensured by comparing the real values and the values obtained by the radar. The objects under study consist of metal and non-metal. Novelty of this work is the accurate detection of moving objects with suitable algorithms using only one Arduino UNO and one ultrasonic sensor.Results: The experiment design yielded much better efficiency than previous works. The proposed method predicted the exact speed of the object detected by the radar system. The experiment has successfully proven the accuracy of moving object sensor.Conclusion: Besides proper distance and velocity, a large set of data was taken to find the accuracy of the radar for objects of different shapes. For a cylindrical object, the radar provided 100% efficiency in a constant environment when the object was 5 cm away. The accuracy decreased to 30% when the distance was 17 cm away. The limitation of this system is that it was unable to detect small object or if the object was very close (1 cm).
Characteristics of uterine myoma patients at inpatient rooms of dr. Soepraon 2nd Grade Military Hospital, Malang
Authors: Retnaningsih Reny , Alim Zainal
Published: November 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to discover the characteristics of uterine myoma patients at the inpatient rooms of dr. Soepraon 2nd Grade Military Hospital, Malang.Case Report: Women reproductive system is prone to health problems, one of them is uterine myoma which being detected through pathology anatomy examination and shows an increasing prevalence (70%) nowadays. In Indonesia, the cases of uterine myoma reach 2,39 – 11,7%, placing second right after cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to discover the characteristics of uterine myoma patients at the inpatient rooms of dr. Soepraon 2nd Grade Military Hospital, Malang. The research design used in this study was case report. Population of this study included uterine myoma patients who were being treated at the inpatient rooms of dr. Soepraon 2nd Grade Military Hospital, Malang in between the period of January – December 2017 with a total of 82 patients. The sampling method used was total sampling. Sample of this study was acquired through secondary data in the form of medical records. The result of this study showed that the highest number of case was in the 50 – 54 years old age group (53.3%), the most common education background was high school graduates (46%), the most common occupation group was the unemployed (59%), the most common surgical therapy done was myomectomy (89%), the most common myoma was submucous myoma (46,3%) and the most common parity status was multipara (44%).Conclusion: Women aged 45 and older with multipara history are advised to maintain their reproductive health through healthy eating pattern, regular exercise and regular check-ups to detect the possibility of developing uterine myomas early.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MATHEMATIC VALUES OF KARAPAN SAPI’S MADURA WITH STAD LEARNING SETTINGS IN SDN PADEMAWU
Authors: Sri Indriati Hasanah  , Lanya Harfin , Lanya Harfin , Tafrilyanto Chairul Fajar , Aini Zumrotun
Published: November 2020

This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) at SDN Pademawu on the subject of flat wakes. Based on field observations, subject teachers do not relate the concept of learning to everyday life which is very important in the process of concept absorption by students and local culture, in this case the culture of the cow karapan. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the implementation of the mathematical values ​​of the Madura cow karapan by setting the STAD (Student Teams Achievement Division) learning model. This research was conducted in two cycles with each stage: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results of data analysis showed that student activity from cycle I to cycle II had increased from an average of 2.82 to 3.54 in the very good category. While the student response has increased with the value of the student response questionnaire having an average of 83.63% to 96.97% in the positive category. Then based on the test results, the data showed an increase in the proportion of 57.58% to 90.91%.
Small, But Significant Declines In Crop Productivity On Low Fertility Soils
Authors: Ramirez Samantha
Published: November 2020

Agricultural yields are susceptible to losses during extreme weather events related to climate change, jeopardizing food security. Yield losses may be mediated by underlying quality or variation of agricultural land in soil fertility, topography, drainage, and growing degree days. For instance, crops grown on poor quality land may be more susceptible to the negative consequences of climate variation as compared to crops grown on high quality land. This study investigated yield response for corn, soybeans, and pasture to different land qualities across Ontario from 2011 to 2017. Yield is approximated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is a satellite-derived measure of biomass production. For three focal crops (soybean, corn, and pasture), the average maximum NDVI and the coefficient of variance (CV) of maximum NDVI were aggregated at a provincial and county scale for each land quality classification. Relatively stable CV values were evident across all land qualities, yet certain counties showed greater variation in productivity on poor quality land suggesting greater susceptibility to extreme weather. Over 7 years, there were small but significant declines in NDVI in response to poor quality land for all three crop types. This suggests that agricultural producers cannot overcome the biophysical limitations of poor quality land on crop yield. Understanding differential crop productivity responses to land quality can help producers mitigate crop losses to climatic variation, thus equally stabilizing food availability.
Further Optimization of VFD Controllers
Authors: Hinojosa Tim , Huckaby Chance , Cavazos Chris
Published: November 2020

Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) are an advanced type of beam pump-off controller with the ability to increase or decrease pumping speed. This facilitates drawing down the fluid level to near pump off conditions and maintaining a constant bottom hole pressure, all while running 24 hours per day. VFDs have been successfully utilized over the last few years to reduce the failure frequency in the most problematic wells, and in some cases, increase production as well.
Installation of A Sucker Rod Pumping System Over a Failed Electrical Submersible Pumping System to Recover Production Using Rigless Intervention
Authors: De Lima Fábio Soares , De Souza Carlos Francisco , Neto José Paulino
Published: November 2020

This paper explains the design and the execution of a rigless intervention to resume production from a dry completion offshore installing successfully a Sucker Rod Pump (SRP) system replace a faulted redundant Electrical Submersible Pumping (ESP) system.

Nowadays all oil companies need to work with small budgets and must search for methods of well intervention that reduce operational costs. Considering an offshore field, any intervention is very expensive. In the present case, in a unique well located in caisson platform, a conventional workover would consist recovering and replacing ESP system set at 3.350 ft that operated for about 10 years. To change the bottom hole equipment, a jackup rig was needed, but such a ring was not available and, even if available, its cost probably would be prohibitive for production maintenance. The solution adopted was to run SRP system with an insert pump anchor enabling it to be set at any depth inside the tubing, above the failed ESP assembly. A Linear Rod Pumping (LRP®) was chosen because its profile and its small footprint that allowed its installation with the small Caisson Platform topside area. A structure ("portico") was built on the caisson to perform the new system installation. The successful use of the SRP system permitted to resume production with short well downtime and reduced intervention costs, eliminating the need for a the workover jackup rig.

Even though the outcome of the installed SRP system is around 50% of the last ESP registered flow rate, the solution was an economically attractive option to keep production and also allows future changes of the lifting system without the need of a workover rig.
Investigation of an anthrax outbreak in Makoni District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Makurumidze Richard , Tafara Gombe Notion , Tapuwa Magure , Tshimanga Mufuta
Published: November 2020

Background: Anthrax continues to be a disease of public health importance in Zimbabwe, with sporadic outbreaks reported annually in many parts of the country. A human anthrax outbreak occurred in wards 22 and 23 of Makoni District from mid-June 2013 to end of January 2014, following cattle deaths in the wards. Laboratory tests confirmed anthrax as the cause for the cattle deaths. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics, distribution of anthrax cases (places, person and time), risk factors for contracting the disease, environmental assessment, district preparedness and response, and outbreak prevention and control measures.Methods: We conducted an outbreak investigation using a mixed-methods design. A 1:1 case-control study was used to assess risk factors for contracting anthrax. The controls were frequency matched to cases by sex. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Environmental assessment, district preparedness and response, and outbreak prevention and control measures were assessed using a checklist, observations, and key informant interviews. Multivariable unconditional logic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with contracting anthrax.Results: We interviewed 37 of the 64 cases, along with 37 controls. All the cases had cutaneous anthrax, with the hand being the most common site of the eschar (43%). Most of the cases (89%) were managed according to the national guidelines. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that meat sourced from other villages [vs butchery, OR = 15.21, 95% CI (2.32-99.81)], skinning [OR = 4.32, 95% CI (1.25-14.94)], and belonging to religions that permit eating meat from cattle killed due to unknown causes or butchered after unobserved death [OR = 6.12, 95% CI (1.28-29.37)] were associated with contracting anthrax. The poor availability of resources in the district caused a delayed response to the outbreak.Conclusion: The described anthrax outbreak was caused due to contact with infected cattle meat. Although the outbreak was eventually controlled through cattle vaccination and health education and awareness campaigns, the response of the district office was initially delayed and insufficient. The district should strengthen its emergency preparedness and response capacity, revive zoonotic committees, conduct awareness campaigns and improve surveillance, especially during outbreak seasons.
Parental drinking according to parental composition and adolescent binge drinking: Findings from a nationwide high school survey in Japan
Authors: Inoura Satoshi , Shimane Takuya , Kitagaki Kunihiko , Wada Kiyoshi , Matsumoto Toshihiko
Published: November 2020

Background: Alcohol problems in parents have been revealed to affect adolescent alcohol misuse. However, few studies examine the effects of parental drinking on adolescent risky drinking (including binge drinking) in the general population. In particular, previous study findings are inconsistent regarding the influence of parental drinking according to parental composition. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between parental drinking, according to parental composition, and binge drinking among high school students in Japan.Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the Nationwide High School Survey on Drug Use and Lifestyle 2018, Japan. A total of 46,848 valid surveys from high school students of 78 schools were included for analysis. Logistic regression analysis with a generalized linear mixed model was conducted with binge drinking as the dependent variable and “parental drinking according to parental composition” (e.g., father’s drinking, mother’s drinking, father’s absence, mother’s absence, both parents drinking, and neither parent at home) as the independent variable, after adjusting with covariates. Binge drinking was defined as five or more alcoholic drinks for male adolescents or four or more alcoholic drinks for females on the same occasion within two hours. Results: In the fully adjusted models, adolescents whose mothers drink (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–2.12) were significantly associated with adolescent binge drinking. This risk was significantly higher among students with neither parent living at home (AOR: 4.35, 95% CI: 2.10–9.02). Conclusion: Parental drinking and absence do affect adolescent binge drinking; our findings show that adolescents are more likely to engage in binge drinking if their mothers drink or if they are not living with either parent. Therefore, it is important to engage parents and non-parental family members in future programs and interventions to prevent adolescent binge drinking.
Diversity and Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes, Virulence Factors, and the Microbiome in Aquaculture in Southern China Revealed by Metagenomic Sequencing
Authors: Su Haochang , Xu Wujie , Hu Xiaojuan , Xu Yu , Wen Guoliang , Cao Yucheng
Published: November 2020

Background: Microbiota carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) are posing increasing risks to public health. Particularly the rapid spread of human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) with antibiotic resistance is recognized as a top health issue. The occurrence and abundance of ARGs in aquaculture have been investigated following metagenomic approaches. However, few studies have investigated the antibiotic resistome and VFs and their HPB hosts in aquaculture. Moreover, the relationships between ARGs and VFs and their microbiome in aquaculture are poorly understood. Results: The profiles of the antibiotic resistome, VFs, and HPB in aquaculture in Southern China were investigated. In total, 492 subtypes of 24 ARGs types were detected. Multidrug ARGs were most predominant, followed by macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS). Proteobacteria were the most predominant phylum carrying ARGs, followed by Firmicutes. Fifty-two HPB genera were detected. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum, followed by Proteobacteria. Staphylococcus was the most abundant HPB genus. The samples contained 363 VFs, with Capsule being the most abundant. Seven HPB phyla, including 42 HPB genera, carried VFs, and the abundance of Bacillus was highest. The abundances of ARGs and VFs were highest in the sediment. However, the abundance of HPB was highest in shrimp guts and Staphylococcus was most abundant. Most ARGs were more prevalent on chromosomes than on plasmids. Source tracking analysis showed that the sediment was the greatest contributor to microbes carrying ARGs, VFs, and HPB in shrimp guts. Additionally, the water source contributed some of the HPB of shrimp guts. Conclusions: This study provides in-depth profiles of the abundances, diversity, distribution, and prevalence of ARGs, VFs, and their hosts HPB in aquaculture for the first time. Sediment was the most direct and important contributor to the ARGs, VFs, and HPB in the shrimp guts. The prevalence of HPB in aquaculture, particularly the high abundance of Staphylococcus in shrimp guts, poses potential risks to human health and food safety. Aquaculture water sources should be monitored and protected. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of the dissemination and hosts of ARGs and VFs for improving aquaculture management and public health surveillance.
Developing a Conceptual Model to Understand the Nutritional Problems and Negative Impacts on Quality of Life among Chinese Patients with type 2 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: wang yun , yuan xiangping , gu xianju , meng changxiu , zheng yanling
Published: November 2020

BackgroundGreat challenges have been reported in China with respect to the largest number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the poor nutrition management. It was generally agreed that healthy diet and regular physical activity could promote the management of diabetes, with emerging research indicating potential delay and prevention of T2DM and its complications. However, currently no conceptual model has been proposed regarding the nutritional problems and its relationship with quality of life among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. This study adopted a qualitative method in order to obtain a firsthand and an in-depth understanding about the nutritional problems and concerns among patients with type 2 diabetes, and explored the negative impacts of insufficient nutrition management on quality of life.MethodsTwenty-one adult patients with type 2 diabetes from five hospitals in the southwest of China participated in a semi-structured interview regarding the nutritional problems and negative impacts on quality of life among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and content analysis were adopted to identify themes. ResultsFive themes emerged from the analysis to represent the nutritional problems and negative impacts on quality of life among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: knowledge about nutrition, social aspects of nutrition, cultural aspects of nutrition, behaviors and nutrition management, and health outcomes of nutrition.ConclusionsNutrition issues and its negative impacts on quality of life need to be considered in nursing care among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Personal, social, cultural and religious factors should all be taken into consideration when promoting nutrition knowledge and behaviors.
Risk Factors for Development of High-Risk Stigmata in Branch-Duct Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
Authors: Yamazaki Tatasuhiro , Tomoda Takeshi , Kato Hironari , Miyamoto Kazuyuki , Matsumi Akihiro , Ueta Eijiro , Fujii Yuki , Saragai Yosuke , Uchida Daisuke , Matsumoto Kazuyuki , Horiguchi Shigeru , Tsutsumi Koichiro , Okada Hiroyuki
Published: November 2020

Background: Strict follow-up is recommended for branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMN) to avoid missing the development of high-risk stigmata (HRS) at a premalignant stage. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the development of HRS during follow-up.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 283 patients with BD-IPMN, treated at the Okayama University Hospital in Japan between January 2009 and December 2016. Only patients with imaging studies indicative of classical features of BD-IPMN without HRS and followed for >1 year were included in the study. We performed radiological follow-up every 6 months and collected patients’ demographic data, cyst characteristics, and clinical outcomes. Cyst size was recorded at the initial and final imaging studies and growth rate was calculated. The primary outcome was to evaluate the risk factors for development of HRS in patients with BD-IPMN without HRS at the initial diagnosis.Results: Patients with BD-IPMN had a median follow-up of 53.3 months. Based on image analyses, a mean cysts size were initially 18.0 mm and their final size was 20.4 mm, and the mean annual cyst growth was 0.57 mm. Among them, 10 patients (3.5%) developed HRS after a median surveillance period of 55.8 months. Main pancreatic duct (MPD) size (5-9 mm) and cyst growth rate (>2.5 mm/year) were, both, independent risk factors for the development of HRS (odds ratio, 14.2; 95% CI, 3.1-65.2, P = .0006, and odds ratio, 6.1; 95% CI 1.5-25.5, P = .014). Considering the number of worrisome features (WFs), the rate of HRS development was not a WF: 2.0% (4/199), a single WF: 1.6% (1/62), multiple WFs: 22.7% (5/22), and significantly higher in multiple WFs (95% CI: 4.0–57.1; p=.0003).Conclusions: MPD dilation, rapid cyst growth, and multiple WFs were significant risk factors for the development of HRS. In the presence of such features, it is necessary to closely follow the development of HRS and avoid missing the best opportunity for surgical intervention.
Trajectory of Inflammatory Biomarkers to Predict Intra-Abdominal Septic Complications After Surgery for Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Yu Zeqian , Feng Dengyu , Wang Zhen , Xu Yi , Zhao Lei , Yi Xianqi , Gong Jianfeng
Published: November 2020

Background: Postoperative infectious complications, especially intra-abdominal septic complications (IASCs), represent a major cause of morbidity after surgery for Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to assess the association between postoperative trajectory of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) and postoperative IASCs of CD bowel surgery.Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, observational study between July 2016 and November 2018, 202 consecutive adults underwent CD-related intestinal resection and anastomosis were enrolled. Levels of CRP, IL-6 and PCT were measured preoperatively and for five days postoperatively. Postoperative IASCs were recorded accordingly.Results: Postoperative IASCs were detected in 24 (11.76%) patients. For prediction of isolated timepoints, IL-6 has higher area under curve (AUC) compared to CRP and PCT in predicting postoperative IASCs (AUC: 0.85 on POD 1; 0.87 on POD 3 and 0.90 on POD 5). For trend analysis, an CRP increase of more than 50 mg/L from POD 3 to POD 5 had a highest AUC of 0.80. An average CRP on POD 3 and POD 5 of >100.3 mg/L had an AUC of 0.947. Conclusions: CRP and IL-6 outperforms PCT in predicting postoperative IASCs in terms of trajectory and cutoff values. Continued elevation of CRP showed excellent performance in diagnosing IASCs.
Whole-genome epigenetic function annotation through sgRNA libraries synthesized by controlled template-dependent elongation
Authors: Jia Junling , Pan Chen , Li Ran , Shui Liyan , Wang Yali , Xiao Zhengyun , Zhu Jing , Wu Chao , Zheng Min
Published: November 2020

Epigenome is the set of DNA-associated proteins or chemical modifications to DNA, which regulates gene expression in processes of development and disease. While current advances have allowed researchers to routinely profile epigenomes from given samples, our understandings of the functions of epigenetic hallmarks are nonspecific at best. Applying CRISPR-screening to genome-widely interrogate the function of individual epigenetic hallmarks demands massive sgRNA libraries which are unaffordable via commercial syntheses. Our development consists of a high throughput and cost-effective controlled template-dependent elongation (CTDE) approach which converts source DNA to sgRNA templates. Affiliated screenings encompass 3.8M sgRNAs generated by CTDE targeting all major H3K4me3 and CTCF hallmarks in mESCs and HepG2 and identified 20K essential epigenetic hallmarks, which render the first batch of functional epigenome annotation of H3K4me3 and CTCF hallmarks in mammals. As an application example, we show that a H3K4me3 hallmark orchestrates CDC42 level and cell-cycle progression through promoting LINC00339 expression in HepG2.
Clinical Features and Risk Factors for Secondary Infection in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Pan Tongtong , Chen Dazhi , Chen Yi , Pan Chenwei , Su Feifei , Hong Liang , Li Huili , Zhao Hui , Lin Zhuo , Wang Xiaodong , Lin Hongwei , Cai Chao , Chen Yong-Ping
Published: November 2020

Background: To analyze the clinical features and the possible risk factors of secondary infection, and explore their impact on prognosis of COVID-19. Methods: A total of 165 severe and critical hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. The clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, imaging data, secondary infections and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The mean age of total patients was (57.3±15.2) years, of which 111 were males (67.3%). 108 cases were with basic diseases (65.5%), and 1 death (0.6%). The secondary infection rate in critical patients was significantly higher than in severe patients (P <0.05). The secondary infections were mainly lung infections. The pathogens were principally Burkholderia multivorans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The recovery rate of 28 days in the infected group was significantly lower than that in the non-infected group (p < 0.001).The utilization rate and usage time of invasive ventilator, and deep vein catheterization, catheter indwelling and ECMO were the risk factors for the secondary infected patients.Conclusion: Secondary infection is an extremely common complication in critically ill patients and a trigger point for exacerbation of the disease. An effective control on the secondary infection will do good to the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Identification Candidate Diagnostic Biomarkers Between Minimal Change Disease and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Jiang Xue , Chen Laite , Du Yuanyuan , Li Yayu
Published: November 2020

Background: Minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are common causes of nephrotic syndrome which have similar clinical as well as histologic magnification and hard to differentiate. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to distinguish FSGS and MCD through bioinformatics analysis and elucidate the possible molecular mechanism.Methods: Based on the microarray datasets GSE104948 and GSE108113 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between FSGS vs healthy control , MCD vs healthy control were identified, and further defined by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Hub genes were checked by protein-protein interaction networks.Results: A total of and 358 and 368 genes were identified in FSGS and MCD compared with healthy controls, among them, there were156 overlapping DEGs. GO analysis showed the DEGs in these two diseases were simultaneously enriched in mRNA splicing, RNA polymerase II transcription, mRNA export, insulin stimulus, integrin-mediated signaling pathway, viral process and phagocytosis. Module analysis showed that genes in the top 1 significant module of the PPI network were mainly associated with Spliceosome among FSGS and MCD. The top 10 hub genes analysis discovered that Most of hub genes were same between two disease, while among these genes, CD2 cytoplasmic tail binding protein 2 (CD2BP2), U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein (LSM8) and Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides B (SNRPB) only differential expression in FSGS and Splicing factor 3A, subunit 3 (SF3A3) only differential expression in MCD, which may be used for differential diagnosis of these two diseases in the future.Conclusions: We identified key genes and mainly pathway associated with FSGS and MCD. Our results provide a set of potential genes used for differential diagnosis of these two diseases.
METTL13 Mediates the Translation of Snail in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Li Kang , Wan Yuehan , Cheng Maosheng , Xiong Gan , Wang Ganping , Chen Shuang , Chen Zhi , Chen Jianwen , Xu Xiuyun , Wang Cheng , Peng Liang , Chen Demeng
Published: November 2020

Background: Accumulating evidence supports that Methyltransferase like 13 (METTL13), which is implicated in protein binding and synthesis, act as oncogenic molecule. This study aimed to reveal the potential mechanism of METTL13 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) via mediating enhancing translation efficiency of Snail. Methods: The expression of METTL13, Snail and ki67 were detected in patient HNSCC and paired para-carcinoma tissues. Knockdown and ectopic expression experiments were used in HNSCC cells to investigate their effects on tumor cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis. RNA-sequencing, polysome profiling and SUnSET assays were developed to obtain the further mechanism of the interaction among METTL13, Snail and translation.Results: METTL13 was signiﬁcantly upregulated in HNSCC at both mRNA and protein level. Increased METTL13 was negatively associated with clinical prognosis. And METTL13 markedly affected HNSCC cellular phenotypes in vivo and vitro. Further mechanism study revealed that METTL13 could regulate EMT signaling pathway by mediating enhancing translation efficiency of Snail, the key transcription factor in EMT, hence regulating the progression of EMT. Conclusion: Altogether, our study had revealed the clinical signiﬁcance of METTL13 in HNSCC, and providing a potential therapeutic strategy.
Strategic Targeting of CENPE-PDL1 axis in NSCLC
Authors: Liang Jinyan , Tian Chen , Yang Qifan , Gu Feifei , Pi Guoliang , Liu Li , Zhang Yong
Published: November 2020

Background Increasing evidence suggests that centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E) is expressed during mitosis and plays a key role in incorrect chromosome alignment. Therefore, CENP-E may represent a druggable target for several solid tumors. Methods Here, we evaluated the ability of the CENPE inhibitor GSK923295 to up-regulate PDL1 and induce immune responses to tumor-associated CD8 T cell and regulatory T (Treg) cell.Results Our study found that a CENP-E inhibitor exhibited anti-tumor activity by directly suppressing the proliferation of lung cancer cells and upregulating the expression of PD-L1. Inhibition of CENP-E suppressed antitumor immunity by attenuating the response of activated CD8+ T cells and augmenting Tregs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CENP-E bound to the TTP promoter to regulate its transcription, and inhibition of CENP-E stabilized the mRNA of PD-L1 via TTP targeting of the 3’UTR. Inhibition or knockdown of CENP-E combined with an anti-PD-L1 antibody rescued the impaired antitumor CD8+ T/Treg cell response and improved the antitumor effect in lung cancer. Surprisingly , further analysis found that CENP-E was only related to the poor prognosis of lung cancer. Conclusions All of these results suggest that a CENP-E inhibitor will exert anti-tumor effects and upregulate PD-L1-induced impairment of anti-tumor CD8+/Treg cell responses in lung cancer. However, elevated PDL1 levels provide a possible strategy for combination immunotherapy, and this combination of immunotherapeutic strategies may offset the negative effects of a CENP-E inhibitor on its immune-mediated antitumor ability in lung cancer treatment.
Proteomics Analysis of the Cerebellum in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with Twirling Reinforcing Manipulation, Twirling Reducing Manipulation or Electroacupuncture
Authors: Zhang Xu-dong , Hao Xiao-min , Liang Jing-rong , Wu Jiao-juan , Xue Yan-jun , Wu Xiao-li , Wei Peng-cheng , Wang Yu , Xiao Min , Zhao Ji-ping , Liu Qing-guo
Published: November 2020

Purpose: In this experiment, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used to further explore the antihypertensive effect of acupuncture twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulation and the central effect mechanism of regulating blood pressure. Methods: 32 male SHR rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: twirling reinforcing manipulation group (RF), twirling reducing manipulation group (RD), electroacupuncture group (EA) (n = 8) and model group (M) (n = 8) and 8 WKY rats were used as blank control group (WKY). Group RD, RF and EA SHR took bilateral Taichong(LR3) point for acupuncture twirling method or electroacupuncture treatment, while WKY and M group did not use any acupuncture manipulation, but only carried out the same grasping and fixation. The differential proteins in cerebellum were screened by proteomic technology, and the key proteins and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension were selected.Results: RD, RF and EA lowered the blood pressures of the SHRs by varying degrees. The results of Parallel reaction monitoring(PRM) verification showed that among all the differential proteins, 13 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were selected for PRM verification. The KEGG annotations of differential proteins are involved in the regulation of lipolysis, autophagy, gap junction, phosphate inositol metabolism, splicing, lysosome, thermogenesis and RNA transport in adipocytes, etc. Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that RD, RF and EA manipulations at the LR3 point reduced blood pressure and that RD was the most effective of the techniques used. Different acupuncture techniques have different pathways for screening and activating cerebellar differential proteins.
Impact of School-Based Health Education Intervention on the Incidence of Soil-transmitted Helminths in Pupils of Rural Schools, Kogi East, North Central Nigeria.
Authors: Yaro Clement Ameh , Kogi Ezekiel , Luka Sodangi Abdulkarim , Kabir Junaidu , Opara Kenneth Nnamdi , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Nasif Omaima , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Alabi Albert Bamigbade , Yunusa Salamat Ibrahim
Published: November 2020

Background: The negative impact of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) in Nigeria is enormous posing serious public health issues. This study was undertaken to investigate the impact of health education intervention on re-infection of STHs in pupils of rural schools of Kogi East, North Central Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 45 schools to determine the prevalence of STHs in the 9 local government areas of Kogi East. Stool samples were collected and examined for STHs. A total of 10 schools with the highest prevalence were selected for the follow-up study, 5 schools were dewormed and given health education (DHE) intervention while the other 5 schools were dewormed only (DO). Reassessment of schools for re-infection was carried out for a period of 12 months. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Student t-test was used to make comparison between interventions in the incidence of infections. Analysis was carried out at p<0.05.Results: Re-infection with STHs was observed from the 7th month of both interventions. In the 36th week (9th month), incidence observed in schools given DHE schools (4.79%, 8 pupils) were higher than in DO schools (3.19%, 5 pupils), no significant difference (t = -0.840, p = 0.426) between the interventions. Also, at the 48th week (12th month), no significant difference (t = -0.346, p = 0.738) between the DHE schools (7.19%, 12 pupils) and DO schools (6.37%, 10 pupils). Hookworms had the highest incidence in DHE (6.6%, 11 pupils) and DO (6.4%, 10 pupils) schools among the STHs. A. lumbricoides incidence was low and was observed in a school given DHE (0.6%, 1 pupil). S. stercoralis was not observed throughout. At 48th (12th month), an incidence of 6.37% was observed compared to 32.03% prevalence at baseline in the DO schools and an incidence of 7.11% and prevalence of 36.09% in the DHE schools. Significant difference (p<0.05) exist between baseline and intervention.Conclusion: Non-dewormed individuals at the community levels may have contributed to the poor performance of health education. Community-based deworming should be encouraged alongside improvement in the water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructures at both school and home.