bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGAMANAN PESAN RAHASIA MEMANFAATKAN ENKRIPSI MODIFIKASI VIGENERE
Authors: Yulisusianto Gatut , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Budiarta Transisma
Published: November 2024

Dalam era digital yang semakin maju, keamanan pesan rahasia menjadi salah satu fokus utama dalam bidang keamanan informasi. Salah satu teknik yang sering digunakan untuk melindungi pesan adalah enkripsi Vigenère. Namun, kelemahan utama dalam teknik ini terletak pada distribusi kunci enkripsi yang berbentuk string biasa, sehingga rawan terhadap ancaman keamanan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, penelitian ini mengusulkan modifikasi pada enkripsi Vigenère dengan menggabungkan steganografi dan pendekatan dua kunci, yaitu kunci string biasa dan kunci berbasis waktu penyisipan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keamanan distribusi kunci serta kompleksitas sistem enkripsi guna meminimalisir risiko pembobolan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggabungan On-time Pad (OTP) dan Message Digest 5 (MD5) untuk memperkuat distribusi kunci. Pendekatan ini juga memanfaatkan steganografi untuk menyembunyikan pesan secara lebih aman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan berhasil meningkatkan keamanan dan kompleksitas sistem enkripsi. Distribusi kunci menjadi lebih sulit dipecahkan karena adanya kombinasi dua kunci yang dinamis, meskipun tantangan dalam pengelolaan kunci yang rumit masih perlu diselesaikan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam pengembangan teknik enkripsi dan steganografi yang lebih aman di masa mendatang
KLASIFIKASI CITRA COVID-19 MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEEP LEARNING
Authors: Galih Anggoro Hendar , Fatma Yulia , Rizki Yoze , Firdaus Rahmad
Published: November 2024

Pandemi COVID-19, yang pertama kali muncul di Wuhan, Cina pada tahun 2019, telah menyebabkan krisis kesehatan global yang signifikan. Virus ini dikenal sebagai Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dan menyebabkan pneumonia parah yang dapat berakibat fatal. Metode diagnostik utama untuk COVID-19 adalah tes Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), namun metode ini memiliki keterbatasan sensitivitas. Sebagai alternatif, citra radiologi dada seperti Computed Tomography (CT) dan sinar-X telah digunakan untuk diagnosis dini. Dengan keterbatasan alat tes yang optimal pada awal pandemi, klinisi di Cina mengandalkan hasil klinis dari citra X-ray dan CT dada. Teknologi deep learning, khususnya Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), telah menunjukkan keunggulan dalam klasifikasi citra medis, termasuk deteksi pneumonia COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian literatur untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis 15 artikel dari jurnal terakreditasi SINTA 1 hingga SINTA 4 yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2024. Analisis literatur menunjukkan berbagai arsitektur CNN yang diterapkan dalam deteksi pneumonia dari citra X-ray dada, dengan akurasi yang bervariasi. Model CNN seperti AlexNet, VGG-16, ResNet-152, dan InceptionResNet-V2 menunjukkan performa yang menjanjikan dengan akurasi hingga 99%. Literatur Review ini menyimpulkan bahwa CNN dapat menjadi alat yang efektif dalam mendukung diagnosis pneumonia COVID-19, terutama di situasi dengan keterbatasan tenaga medis. Melalui sintesis informasi dari berbagai sumber literatur, penelitian ini memberikan panduan untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam deteksi pneumonia menggunakan teknologi deep learning
ANALISIS KEPUASAN PENGGUNA APLIKASI BAKAMLA MESSENGER MENGGUNAKAN METODE END USER COMPUTING SATISFACTION (EUCS)
Authors: Hozairi Hozairi , Hakiem Luqmanul , Makruf Masdukil
Published: November 2024

Badan Keamanan Laut Republik Indonesia (BAKAMLA RI) memiliki tanggung jawab untuk memastikan keamanan di perairan wilayah Indonesia. Salah satu alat komunikasi yang digunakan BAKAMLA adalah Bakamla Messenger. Bakamla Messenger dirancang khusus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan komunikasi BAKAMLA dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Bakamla Messenger baru dikembangkan, oleh karena itu membutuhkan analisis untuk mengukur kinerja aplikasi melalui tingkat kepuasan pengguna. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan kuantatif melalui survei dan dirancangan dengan menggunakan metode End User Computing Satisfaction atau yang lebih dikenal dengan singkatan EUCS dengan menerapkan kelima standar variabel dimensinya yaitu (Content, Accuracy, Format, Ease of use, Timeliness). Proses pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini melalui penyebaran survei yang telah dirancang sebelumnya menggunakan metode EUCS dan disebarkan melalui google form. Responden yang dipilih untuk mengisi survei yaitu pengguna Bakamla Messenger. Dengan total 50 responden, adapun hasil perhitungan rata-rata persentase variabel Content 86%, Accuracy 88%, Format 86%, Ease of use 88%, dan Timeliness 87% hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan pengguna tergolong tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata persentase melebihi 75% hal ini mendapatkan kesimpulan untuk mayoritas responden menjawab sangat puas. Karena pengukuran tingkat kepuasaan pengguna pada Bakamla Messenger membuahkan hasil pengukuran yang positif, maka dapat dianggap akan berdampak positif pada kinerja operasional BAKAMLA dalam menggunakan Bakamla Messenger.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY: AS PREDICTOR FOR VENTICULAR DYSFUNCTION AMONG PRE-ECLAMPTIC WOMEN
Authors: Loukrakpam Bidyarani , Sushila Devi Nongmaithem , Biota Devi Konsam , Lakshmikumari Ksh.
Published: November 2024

Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is associated with maternal risk of cardiovascular disease. According to AHA, women
with pre-eclampsia had an increased risk of left ventricular hypertrophy one month after delivery compared to pregnant women without preeclampsia. This has prompted the need of this study with an objective to increase the awareness of complication of pre-eclamptic pregnancy. In this
cross sectional study, 57 pregnant women (gestational age >20 weeks) with pre-eclampsia in the range of 18 to 45 years of age were recruited and
compared with the equal number of age matched normotensive pregnant women. Sokolow-Lyon index was calculated from ECG record. The data
were then analysed using SPSS software. The results of the study shows that pre-eclamptic women had higher Sokolow-Lyon index than
normotensive pregnancy (2.01|
NUTRITIONAL FACTORS FOR SEVERITY AND PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY IN A TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTRE
Authors: Sharma Nishal , Gupta Monika , Kishore Jugal , Singla Himal , Dayma Rohini , Dharmendra Sona , Sharma Jb
Published: November 2024

Objective: Material and Methods: To study the prevalence and severity of anemia and associated dietary factors per anemia in pregnancy. It was
a prospective cross sectional study on 430 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in the second and third trimester of pregnancy of a tertiary
referral public health hospital. A predesigned questionnaire proforma was lled with the relevant details of socio demographic prole and dietary
factors for all participants. The prevalence of anemia was found to be 48.84% (25.81% mild, 15.81% Results: moderate, 6.98% severe). Anemia
was more common in vegetarians and women consuming one or two meals a day. Most (87.90%) women were consuming inadequate calories per
day with mean calories intake being signicantly less in anemia group (1637± 298.3) than in normal Hb group (1982±362.4) being least in severe
anemia group (1331±295.7). A total of 48.84% women were consuming inadequate proteins and anemia was more common in them. Mean protein
intake was signicantly less in anemia group (50.2±5.1gm/day) than in normal Hb group (68.4±6.8 gm/day). Mean dietary iron intake was
signicantly less in the anemia group (21.1±1.97mg/day) than in the normal Hb group (33.2±3.41mg/day) with the difference being even more for
the severe anemia group (14.8±1.5mg/day). There were 62(14.41%) underweight women and anemia was more common in them. Conclusion:
This study shows a high prevalence of anemia in pregnancy. With risk factors being inadequate calorie intake, inadequate protein intake,
inadequate dietary iron intake, less than three meals per day, vegetarian diet and low body mass index.
EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ALONG WITH MIRROR THERAPY AMONG ACUTE BELL'S PALSY: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Barot Jahanvi , Patel Heena , B. Patel Shreyansiben , Kaila Radhaben , Patel Ragbi , Ranu Apexa
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Bell's palsy is an acute-onset peripheral facial palsy and is the commonest cause for lower motor nerve ber palsy1.
Facial resting symmetry and expressions are determining factors of facial attractiveness & being a marker of good health1. The objective of this
study is to illustrate the effect of the mirror therapy along with the electrical stimulation in improving the facial symmetry in acute Bell's palsy1.
Hence the need arises to evaluate the effectiveness of the mirror therapy along with electrical stimulation on the recovery in Bell's palsy patients1,2.
Aim: To study the effect of mirror therapy along with electrical stimulation for recovery in patients with acute Bell's palsy. Method : 21 year male
with history of ear pain and cold before one week when initial physiotherapy evaluation was done but at that time no symptoms were present at that
time after 3 days he presented with complaint of left facial drooping and unable to closing left eye and weakness. Result: The results have shown
that the physiotherapy sessions obtained the effect of physiotherapy management with electrical muscle stimulation with mirror therapy in the
treatment of Bell's palsy. Conclusion: The effect of physiotherapy management with Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) and taping for Bell's
palsy outcome
NIPAH VIRUS
Authors: Premnath Nair Athira
Published: November 2024

A disease outbreak in Malaysia's states of Perak, Negeri Sembilan, and
Selangor as well as Singapore's pigs and pig farmers led to the
discovery of the Nipah Virus (Niv) in 1998. More than 1 million pigs
were killed to help control the outbreak, which by mid-1999 had
resulted in 300 human cases and more than 100 fatalities. The epidemic
also had a signicant economic impact. In India, there were more than
200 cases between 2001 and 2023, with a 75% fatality rate. The disease
has a high mortality rate and is brought on by the bat-borne Nipah
virus, which also infects other animals. The species belongs to the
Paramyxoviride family and the Henipavirus genus. A single
nonsegmented, single-stranded, negative sense RNA makes up the
genome.
NEGATIVE URINE PREGNANCY TEST IN A CASE OF MOLAR PREGNANCY : A DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA
Authors: Jhaveri Aishwarya , Das Banshree , Gandhi Kena
Published: November 2024

Urine pregnancy tests (UPTs) are highly accurate in detecting pregnancy, with nearly perfect sensitivity and specicity. These tests identify
pregnancy by detecting a specic hormone (β-hCG) in the urine. While exceptionally reliable, UPTs can produce false negative results in certain
circumstances. One common reason for a false negative is testing too early in pregnancy when serum β-hCG levels are low. Less known is the
"hook effect," where extremely high β-hCG levels can also lead to a false negative. We report a case of P3L3, a 46 year old woman, with excessive
bleeding per vaginum with abdomino-pelvic mass who was initially diagnosed as Uterine myoma due to false negative urine pregnancy test. USG
examination and high serum β-hCG clinched the diagnosis of complete hydatidiform mole. Healthcare providers should be aware of this potential
limitation, especially when strongly suspecting gestational trophoblastic disease, to ensure appropriate patient care.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MICRO HARDNESS OF TYPE II GLASS IONOMER CEMENT WITH ZIRCONIA BASED GIC, GIOMER AND RESIN - MODIFIED GLASS IONOMER CEMENT: AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors: Seth Tanya , Shakir Shakir , Bansal Parul , Kumar Mohit , Bhatt Megna , Hemesh Gantala
Published: November 2024

Aim: To evaluate the microhardness of Type II Glass Ionomer cement with zirconia based GIC, Giomer and Resin modied Glass Ionomer
cement. Materials And Method: Sixty standardized disc-shaped specimens of dimensions (5mm*5mm) were prepared in customized stainlesssteel mould using Type II Glass Ionomer Cement (GROUP I), Zirconomer (GROUP II), Giomer (GROUP III) and Resin Modied Glass Ionomer
Cement (GROUP IV) with each group (n=15). In all the groups moulds were coated with cocoa butter, stainless steel moulds were lled respective
all above materials. The top surfaces of specimens were serially polished with super snap disks before the surface hardness evaluation. All
specimens were then stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37˚C in an incubator to ensure complete polymerization. Hardness value of each
specimen was determined using Vickers hardness test. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test. Result: The
study found that microhardness of Zirconomer showed statistically signicant higher value followed by GIOMER (Beautill II) and RM GIC (Fuji
II LC). Statistically signicant least value was observed in Type II GIC (Ketac Molar) Conclusion: The study concluded that among the four
different restorative materials tested zirconomer gave a signicantly higher micro hardness value than all other materials tested (Beautill II, Fuji II
LC and Ketac Molar) and Ketac Molar gave the lowest value.
CROSS SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF SOFT TISSUE TUMORS ACCORDING TO WHO CLASSIFICATION 2020
Authors: Tandel Divya , Bharadwaj Reena , Joshi Sujit , Tandel Himali , Kumbhar Suraj
Published: November 2024

Soft tissue tumors (STTs) are a complex and diverse group of
neoplasms having a mesenchymal differentiation which arise almost
anywhere in the body. Signicant overlap between radiological,
clinical and histological patterns of benign, intermediate and
malignant lesions are noted. The morphologic diagnosis of sarcoma
relies on the evaluation as well as the integration of four main features:
the shape of the neoplastic cells; the quality of the background; the
architecture of the vascular network and the pattern of growth.
Immunohistochemical characterization plays a key role in the
[1] diagnostic workup of soft tissue sarcomas. Benign tumors closely
resemble normal tissue histologically and demonstrate limited
autonomous growth capacity. They typically exhibit minimal local
invasion and have a low rate of recurrence following conservative
treatment. The incidence of benign STTs is higher compared to
malignant tumors, with an annual clinical incidence of benign STTs
[2] estimated at 3000 cases per million population worldwide. Careful
histopathological examination & immunohistochemistry almost
essential.
OUTCOME OF SPUTUM FUNGAL CULTURE IN CLINICALLY SUSPECTED CASES OF PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS.
Authors: Kausar Zeenat , Gupta Sshrutkirti , Sharma Akriti
Published: November 2024

Objective: To determine the percent positivity fungal culture in clinically suspected cases of pulmonary aspergillosis with reference to aspergillus
species . Methods: This prospective and observational study was carried out at department of microbiology and Department of Respiratory
Medicine, IIMSR, Lucknow. We collected sputum samples from the asthmatic patients to determine the culture positivity. Results: In my study
total of 90 samples were included and processed, out of which only 15 were positive .In positive 15 samples the culture shows two different species,
6 were aspergillus positive and 9 were candida positive.The most affected age group was greater than 40 years.Out of 6 aspergillus positive patients
who included in this study , 33% were males and 66%were females.In my study the diagnosis based distribution included the high occurrence of
ABPA with bronchial asthma is 50%, the 33% of allergic rhinitis and 17% aspergilloma. Conclusion: Overall , the prevalence of clinically
suspected cases of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in asthmatic patients shows (6.6%). Sputum fungal cultures in patients with Allergic
Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) can provide valuable insights into the specic fungal species involved.
CHEMOPORT INSERTION AS MINIMAL CHEMOTHERAPY ACCESS COMPLICATIONS AND TARGET FOR ENSURING PATIENT SAFETY MEASURES
Authors: Dipakbhai Shah Parth , Katlana Amit , Desai Vidhi
Published: November 2024

Chemoport insertion has become a preferred method for long-term venous access in chemotherapy due to its potential to minimize complications
associated with peripheral intravenous access, such as inammation and extravasation. This study analyzes data from 30 patients who underwent
chemoport insertion at the Index Medical College & Hospital in Indore between January and December 2023. The results indicate a low
complication rate of 10%, with only three patients experiencing issues—one with non-functional access and two with minor Grade I infections.
These ndings suggest that chemoport insertion is a safe and effective method, offering reliable venous access while prioritizing patient safety. The
study emphasizes the importance of chemoport as a standard procedure in oncology for reducing the risks of chemotherapy-related complications,
especially in elderly patients with fragile venous conditions.
A STUDY OF THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF FACIAL BONE FRACTURES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: Dinesh John , Venkata Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Jayachandiran Anand Prasath , Rajendran Suresh , Ananthappan Manoj
Published: November 2024

Background – The epidemiology of facial fractures varies with regard to injury type, severity and cause, depending on the population studied. The
differences in the populations with regard to the causes of facial fractures may be the result of differences in culture and a variety of risk factors. The
purpose of this study was to collect data regarding the epidemiology of facial fractures because it provides information necessary for the
development and evaluation of preventive measures that might help reduce the incidence of facial injuries Materials & Methods – This
retrospective descriptive study was carried out on the patients presented to the Emergency department with a history of facial trauma in Saveetha
Medical College and Hospitals, Thandalam, Chennai between the year 2022-2024. Results – The largest group involved was of the productive age
group of 21 – 30 years of age (44%) which most were males (90%) and involved the midfacial skeleton (42%) following roads trafc accidents
(80%). In the midface, the zygomaticomaxillary complex was the commonest involved region (36%) which required surgery. Conclusion – The
most common cause of the facial trauma was road trafc accident and the causes of RTA was multifactorial, the main cause was human factors.
These can be prevented by correcting these human factors and following the trafc rules and regulations. Thus, by this clinical research, we have
understood the cause, severity, management and complications of facial bone fractures which can aid us knowledge in effective treatment and
prevention of these injuries.
EVALUATION OF POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AFTER GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN ORALAND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERIES- A PROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY.
Authors: Motiwale Tejas , Jain Mishi , Mitra Geeti Vajdi , Chhajlani Rahul , Bhatt Vaibhav
Published: November 2024

Background- General anesthesia has been a major aid in the eld of surgery, as invasive and painful procedures can be performed with little to no
distress and pain to the patient. Although, numerous benets have been stated in literature for general anesthesia, it comes with a set of
complications. These adverse effects vary from major life threatening complications to various minor side effects. Aim of this study was to evaluate
post-operative complications in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia and its relationship with comorbidities and other risk factors. Method: Aprospective descriptive study was conducted from March 2021 to March 2024 including 220 patients
undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia. Data of demographics, presence of co-morbidities, adverse habits and ASA
status of the patients were recorded pre-operatively. Post-operative complications were recorded on the day of surgery, after 24 hours, 72 hours and
7 days post-operatively. Results: Sore throat and dysphagia were the most common complications encountered. Female gender and longer
duration of surgery had relatively higher incidence of complications. (P=0.627, P= 0.189 respectively). Presence of co-morbidities was strongly
correlated to post-operative complications (P=0.00001). Conclusion: There is a relatively higher incidence of minor post-operative
complications, especially in patients with existing co-morbidities and adverse habits. All the complications undergo gradual remission in most of
the patients by the end of the week with little to no intervention.
RING-ENHANCING LESIONS IN THE BRAIN: A COMPREHENSIVE CASE SERIES AND DIAGNOSTIC REVIEW
Authors: Ajith Kumar Namitha , Srividyalakshmi Srividyalakshmi , M U Jeevika
Published: November 2024

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of MRI in detecting and characterizing ring-enhancing lesions in the brain. The goal is to
establish MRI as a critical tool for early detection and precise management of brain lesions, ultimately improving patient outcomes. A series of
cases with denitive diagnosis based on clinical, microbiological or pathological evidence were retrieved from our hospital database and their
radiological images reviewed. Multiple etiologies of cerebral ring-enhancing lesions will be discussed. Imaging features will mainly focus on
those shown on MRI. : The study was conducted retrospectively at the Department of Radiodiagnosis, J Materials And Methods JM Medical
College, Davangere, Karnataka. Imaging of patients was performed using a PHILIPS 1.5T MRI machine. Various advanced sequences of MRI
were employed to distinguish among the various ring enhancing lesions such as pyogenic abscess, tuberculoma, neurocysticercosis, pilocytic
astrocytoma, glioblastoma and multiple sclerosis. MRI plays a vital role in identifying ring-enhanc Conclusion: ing lesions in the brain due to its
superior imaging resolution and contrast sensitivity. This advanced imaging technique helps differentiate between various potential causes, such as
tumors, infections, or inammatory conditions. Early and accurate detection through MRI facilitates timely intervention, enabling targeted
treatment and improving patient prognosis. Its ability to provide detailed anatomical information makes MRI indispensable for effective
management of brain lesions.
A RARE CASE REPORT OF TRAUMATIC NEUROMA WITHOUT ANY HISTORY OF TRAUMA OVER THE FOREARM.
Authors: Arivoli S , Aravindan M , John Lionel
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Traumatic neuroma is a rare, benign nerve tissue proliferation resulting from injury or surgery. It occurs when nerve regeneration is
disrupted, forming a tumour-like growth. This condition, most common in middle-aged women, is characterized microscopically by neural tissue
patterns, stroma, inammatory inltration, and vascularity. A 33-year-old male presented with a 10-d Case presentation: ay history of swelling on
the left forearm without trauma or surgical history. Examination revealed a rm, non-adherent 2 x 2 cm swelling. Initial imaging suggested various
diagnoses. The lesion was excised, and histopathology conrmed a traumatic neuroma with mature ganglion cells. The patient remained symptomfree for one year post-surgery. Traumatic neuroma should be considered in differential diagnoses of Conclusion: forearm swellings, even without
clear trauma history. Surgery is effective, but further research into non-surgical treatments and recurrence prevention is needed to enhance
management and outcomes.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Methanol Extract of Abrus precatorius Leaf Against Selected Clinical Isolates (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albican)
Authors: Ahamefula Chisom , Okeke Chibuzor Okechukwu , Nnaoma Ikenna Elvis
Published: November 2024

Abrus precatorius is one of the herbal plants that have been reported to have medicinal properties. The leaves is widely used for the treatment of cough, cancer and swollen tonsils. Abrus precatorius is also known for its abundant chemical constituents that could be very important antibacterial agent. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of Abrus precatorius leaf extracts against isolated clinical bacteria and fungi. The study employed agar disc diffusion method of antimicrobial sensitivity testing (50 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL, 200 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL), and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) model. The results showed a dose dependent antimicrobial potential of Abrus precatorius leaf extract against the test organisms with zone of inhibition ranging from 4 – 18mm against Escherichia coli, 6 – 19mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 4 -22mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 2 – 15mm against Candida albican. The extract also showed an MIC of 25mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus, 50mg/ml for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the least MIC of 100mg/ml for Candida albican. The outcome of the study suggest that Abrus precatorius leaf extract exert broad spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These findings validate the use of the plants for the treatment of infections, and indicate the potential roles of the plants in drug development programs of the pharmaceutical industry.
A Biological Perspective: Epidemiology of Acute Leukemia in Souss Massa
Authors: Mrimar N. El , Raghani A. , Hidane Z. , Abercha Y. , Fares S. , Aghrouch M.
Published: November 2024

Acute leukemia is a type of blood cancer characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal immature cells in the bone marrow. It is divided into two main forms: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Common symptoms include severe fatigue, paleness, easy bleeding and bruising, frequent infections, bone and joint pain, as well as swollen lymph nodes. Acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemias account for 10 to 15% of malignant hematological disorders and are rare conditions, with the majority having a poor prognosis, except for a few specific forms. Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) have a consistent incidence over time, ranging from 2.5 to 3.5 per 100,000 population per year in Western countries. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on the medical records of patients with acute leukemia between January 2023 and June 2024 (6 months), classified according to the criteria of the Franco-American-British (FAB) group. During this period, 68 cases of acute leukemia were diagnosed. The age of the patients ranged from 4 years to 87 years, with a mean age of 26 years. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.40, favoring males. Acute leukemias were observed across all age groups. Cytological and cytochemical examination of bone marrow smears showed a predominance of acute myeloid leukemias at 64.7% (n=44), with 24 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (35.3%). The study results provide valuable insights into the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute leukemias. No precise statistics on acute leukemia have been conducted to date in our region. Our study could serve as a foundation for future research in this area. Indeed, the new WHO classification utilizes a comprehensive approach that incorporates cytological, cytogenetic, immunophenotypic, and molecular biology data to classify acute leukemias with both diagnostic and prognostic objectives. Outside of these distinguishing features, ...
Role of CD34, SMA & Ki-67 Immunohistochemistry– An Important Diagnostic Tool in Differentiating Early Well Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Benign Hepatic Mimickers: A Retrospective Study from North East India
Authors: Kalyani Dr. Payal , Sarma Dr. Anupam , Gupta Dr. Sakshi , Ahmed Dr. Shiraj , Kakoti Dr. Lopamudra
Published: November 2024

North East India has higher incidence of cancers than rest of the country& with advent of early screening, Hepatocellular carcinoma is getting detected at an early stage. Core needle biopsies have become indispensible tool for diagnosis of HCC and it is difficult to identify cell thickness in early well-differentiated HCC from benign mimickers on histomorphology. To overcome this difficulty, present study was designed to see the utility of CD 34, SMA & Ki-67 in this regard and also to see role of these markers in differentiating Early well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma from benign hepatic mimickers. 48 FFPE blocks of various lesions of liver were retrieved from Oncopathology Department, BBCI Guwahati in last one year. Cases were divided into Group A (n=28-HCC) Group B (n=20-benign mimickers). IHC CD34, SMA & Ki-67 were done on all cases. Demographic &clinical details with histomorphological findings were correlated. In Group A- 26 out of 28 HCC cases (92.8%), CD34 was strongly, completely & diffusely expressed by sinusoidal vessels with more than 3 cell plate thickness. Group B- In normal liver (10 out of 20), hepatic sinusoids are negative to weak positive for CD34.In 7 out of 20 (35.1%) benign conditions, it is sparsely expressed in capillarized sinusoids at periportal & perinodular area& high-grade dysplastic nodules showed peripheral and focal staining for CD34. Stromal cells are strongly Positive for SMA in 85.7% (group A 24 out of 28). Ki-67 was slightly increased in Group A (6-10%) than in Group B (1-2 %). Our data demonstrates that CD34, SMA & Ki-67 has significant increased expression in early WD HCC as compared to benign mimickers. Hence, CD34, SMA & ki-67 are significant helpful IHC tool for reaching to a definite diagnosis of Early WD HCC when disease is yet at early stage & and ideal for setup where specific markers of malignant hepatic tumors are not available. Thus, immunohistochemical markers essentially expressed in HCC in a specific ...
Familial Bilateral Pheochromocytoma Complicated by Acute Ischemia of the Lower Limbs
Authors: Boukhalfa Ahmed , Rafi Sana , Ijdda Sara , Mghari Ghizlane El , Ansari Nawal El
Published: November 2024

Few authors have ever reported acute ischemia of the lower limbs (AILL) as a presentation of pheochromocytoma. Case Report: We present a case of familial bilaterla pheochromocytoma complicated by AILL. Discussion and Conclusion: we aim to illustrate the pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic features of this rare case of pheochromocytoma and describe this complication (AILL), wich mainly linked to the catecholaminergic effects on the cardiovascular system, may jeopardise the functional prognosis of the locomotor system, thus affecting the quality of life of these patients.
A Multimodal Metaphorical Representation of Selected Political Cartoons in Nigeria
Authors: Makinde Peter Oyewole
Published: November 2024

Complementing studies on the representation of political cartoons which apply metaphorical representation in the portrayal of societal ills, this study explores a multimodal metaphorical representation of selected political cartoons in Nigeria to investigate how cartoonists employed metaphors to represent the current political situation in the country. In the face of the ongoing election petitions and handover of office to the President, among other activities within the political domain in Nigeria, a number of political cartoonists have flooded the online platform with cartoons depicting visual metaphorical representations of happenings within the nation. Such metaphorical representations are semiotically showcased via such cartoons as Go to Court, the Scape Goat, Buhari’s Pet, Corruption, and Original Wahala Received by Me in the portrayal of reality that Nigeria faces today. Given the foregoing, this study combines linguistic and visual modes to form a multimodal representation of the metaphors used in the selected political cartoons. The study adopts a qualitative analysis of 10 political cartoons in Nigeria. It uses Kress and van Leeuwen’s (2006, 2020) approach to multimodality and Forceville’s (1996, 2016) view of visual realisations of conceptual metaphor in constructing meaning to investigate how visual images are constructed to cue conceptual metaphors. The results of the study suggest that Nigerian political cartoons rely mainly on visual metaphors as a means of communicating their messages. In addition, the metaphors used often rely on comic, exaggerated and simplistic depictions to convey their meaning effectively and to stir a strong emotional reaction from the readers. Furthermore, the findings of the study emphasise the importance of metaphorical representation in political cartoons and its implications for public discourse. The results reveal ways to improve the power of the metaphorical messages and the impact of the cartoons on public opinion. The study contributes to the multimodal metaphor research field and reveals the Nigerian public’s underlying beliefs and ideologies.
Effect of Epoxy Resin on the Strength Propery of Portland Cement Concrete
Authors: G Awodiji C. T. , S Sule,
Published: November 2024

In this study, the strength effect of partially substituting Portland Cement (PC) with epoxy-resin in making concrete was examined. A mix ratio of 1:1.87:2.67 (PC: sand: granite chippings) at water-cement ratio of 0.5 targeting a strength of 30N/mm2 was adopted. The epoxy resin was mixed with hardener at a proportion of 1:0.5 and this mixture was used to replace PC at 10% intervals starting from 0% to 40%. Six cubes were cast for each mix ratio and were cured in water at room temperature for 28 days. The first set of samples were treated by heating them in an oven to a temperature of 1000C for 1 hour before testing in compression while, the other set were not treated. Results showed that as the quantity of epoxy resin in the concrete enlarged the compressive strength values reduced. But a rise was observed at 30%. All concrete produced were structural in nature except for the heated 40% specimen. An optimal replacement strength of 32.10 N/mm2 at 30% inclusion (unheated) and lowest strength of 18.63 N/mm2 at 40% replacement (heated) were obtained. The heated samples experienced further reduction in their compressive strength values. An 8.94% drop in strength was observed between the maximum replacement values for the heated and unheated samples at 30%. In conclusion, epoxy resin concrete can be used for structural works at replacement levels up to 40%. However, if the concrete will be exposed to increased temperature of 1000C, then an optimal replacement level of 30% is recommended.
Diplopia and Work: A Case Report
Authors: Majida LGHABI , BENALI Bennaceur
Published: November 2024

Diplopia is a frequent symptom in ophthalmology and has many causes. It may be binocular or monocular, the latter reflecting ocular damage. The study of the interaction between diplopia and the workstation is often neglected in therapeutic management; however, diplopia at work can have consequences for the health and safety of the worker concerned and therefore for clinical and socio-professional prognosis. We report a case of monocular diplopia due caused by a nuclear cataract in a radiologist. The purpose is to illustrate and explain the interaction between diplopia and work and the repercussions on fitness for work. This case underscores the need for effective, multidisciplinary medical and occupational strategies to manage diplopia in the workplace.
Molecular Insights and Pharmacotherapy of Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Nwonu Chukwunwike , Nwonu Patience
Published: November 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of energy metabolism caused by lack or decrease in the effectiveness of insulin, and is characterised by an abnormally elevated blood glucose concentrations and the development of macrovascular, microvascular and/or neuropathic complications. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most debilitating outcomes of diabetes mellitus, and may cause pain, decreased mobility as well as amputation. Diabetes can damage the peripheral nervous system (PNS), through the induction of de-myelination in neurones, precipitated by chronic hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress, and causing a condition that involves the upper and lower limbs. Objective: The study discussed the risk factors for insulin resistance and pre-diabetes, type II diabetes mellitus and vascular complications, cellular and molecular basis of DN, physiopathological mechanisms, and the pharmacological treatment of DN. Method: The study examined journal articles and standard textbooks, as it relates to diabetes mellitus and its complications. Search for articles on DN was carried out in the literature. These were identified and reviewed for selection using chemical abstracts service, pubmed, google scholar, crossreference, web of science, pubmed central free article, and scopus. The key words used for search were: diabetic neuropathy; diabetic peripheral neuropathy; peripheral neuropathy; microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus; and neuromuscular complications of diabetes mellitus. Result & Discussion: Two hundred and fifty (250) articles and other works were identified, while ninety-seven (97) articles and non-journal materials were extracted and reviewed, taking into account the criteria for selection. Studies done in the last 4.5 decades were included, while works written on other languages, outside English were excluded. Findings indicate that DN is a complex disorder that affects the peripheral and/or cranial nerves, which is caused by unattended or poorly attended, long-term increase in blood glucose concentrations. It relatively manifests early, affecting a significant proportion of the micro-blood vessels in the middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients. DN causes numbness, loss of sensation, and sometimes pain in the feet, legs, arms or hands. Hyperglycaemia causes the activation and inhibition of several molecular pathways that are crucial for homeostasis in neuronal and neuroglial cells. Conclusion: DN is the commonest complication of diabetes mellitus. It has no known definitive therapy. Treatment is essentially symptomatic with huge economic and psychological burden, hence the rationale for a cost effective and targeted therapies. Achieving euglycaemia using anti-diabetic regimens (i.e., insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents), foot care, changes in feeding habits and lifestyle modification are critical to holistically address the problem.
Assessing the Fiscal Burden of Overweight and Obesity in Japan through Application of a Public Economic Framework
Authors: Igarashi Ataru , Copeland Cillian , Kotsopoulos Nikos , Ota Riku , Capucci Silvia , Adachi Daisuke
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Obesity continues to represent a significant public health concern, with a broad impact from both a health and economic perspective.

Objective: This analysis assesses the fiscal consequences of overweight and obesity (OAO) in Japan by capturing obesity-attributable lost tax revenue and increased government transfers using a government perspective.

Methods: The fiscal burden of OAO was estimated using an age-specific prevalence model, which tracked the Japanese population across different body mass index (BMI) categories. The model was populated with fiscal data for Japan, including employment activity and government spending, to calculate tax revenue and transfer costs. A targeted literature review was conducted to identify data estimating the impact of OAO on employment, income, sick leave, retirement, and mortality. These modifiers were applied to Japanese epidemiological and fiscal projections to calculate government tax revenue and spending. The incremental impact of reducing OAO in the general population was subsequently calculated. Results were estimated based on the 2023 Japanese working-age population aged 18 to 70 years.

Results: The total fiscal burden of OAO in Japan, defined as BMI of at least 25, is estimated at US $13.41 billion (¥1925 billion), representing 0.4% of Japan’s gross domestic product. This consists of a loss of $6.3 billion (¥901 billion) and $1.2 billion (¥179 billion) in direct and indirect tax revenue, respectively, due to lower employment and income combined with higher sick leave. Excess OAO-attributable healthcare costs were $5.4 billion (¥769 billion), while additional pension payment spending of $0.5 billion (¥77 billion) was estimated, due to higher levels of early retirement.

Conclusions: While the health implications of OAO are well documented, this fiscal analysis demonstrates the significant economic burden of OAO both to the healthcare system and broader government accounts. Policies aimed at reducing population-level obesity have the potential to benefit government accounts through increasing employment and reducing public spending, which can offset the cost of implementing these policies.
A Comprehensive Survey of Arrhythmia Classification Techniques
Authors: V S. Mrudhhula , R. Thirumahal
Published: November 2024

Arrhythmia classification is a critical area of research in cardiology, given the significant health risks associated with irregular heart rhythms. This research study presents a comprehensive survey of current methodologies employed for the detection and classification of arrhythmias from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The study examines a variety of methods, including sophisticated deep learning techniques like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM) in addition to more conventional machine learning algorithms like Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). Additionally, the research study provides critical information that is relevant to medical diagnostics, such as the weak generalizability hampered by imbalanced datasets, whose management is well illustrated by the research study as a successful way to increase model performance.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Predictive Database Capacity Planning and Resource Management
Authors: Santosh Jaini
Published: November 2024

In this work, the author examines the utilization of ready algorithmic tools of machine learning in the context of database medium and its capacity forecasting issues. They point to the growing need for ARCH-HERO scalable database systems that can easily adapt to changes in workload to maximize the usage of available resources. Studied simulation models only working with AI have illustrated the effectiveness of machine learning techniques for improving the functioning of a DBMS. Real-time case studies here expound on how ML models forecast database capacity needs, keep operational costs low, and enhance system efficiency. Other issues that concern DBMS and/or applying ML include challenges and prospects: the complexity of integration and/or embedding of ML into DBMS is presented along with potential solutions. This paper aims to share perspectives on the subsequent evolution of the databases utilized in ML and their ability to improve the resource management process.
Combating Biodiversity Loss: Artificial intelligence solutions for sustainable ecological preservation
Authors: Vinodh Gunnam
Published: November 2024

They discovered that habitat degradation is a threat that impacts ecosystems and people across the globe. Therefore, as habitats decrease and species are threatened, improved strategies for managing such effects are inevitable. This paper focuses on how the loss of biological diversity may be complemented by applying artificial intelligence (AI). It stresses its role in monitoring and modeling the environment and the trends geared towards its saving. On top of the more specific use of AI for species counting and monitoring, change detection, and decision-making, the analysis provides an understanding of how AI technologies work in practice and how conservationists can benefit from it. This paper also outlines some of the critical threats related to AI opportunities in conservation and proposes strategies to address these threats. Therefore, it can be concluded that it is necessary and adequate to incorporate technology into their conservation measures to mitigate the global loss of biological diversity.
DOWN DRAFT GASIFIER TO PRODUCE SYNGAS BY BIO WASTE
Authors: K.Kalimuthu  , Dr.A.Jany Giles  , V.Kiruthika  , Dr.D.Rajkumar  , J.Ganeshamoorthi  , Mr.C.Ashokkumar  , M.Bhuvaneshwari  , S.Hari Krishnan
Published: November 2024

Biowaste is a valuable resource for sustainable energy production. Through combustion, it generates thermal energy, while gasification a thermo chemical process which transforms solid fuel into gaseous fuel. This process, specifically through a downdraft gasifier, converts biowaste into a combustible gas known as producer gas. Utilizing biowaste as a fuel source plays a crucial role in reducing dependency on fossil fuels, providing a renewable, low-carbon energy alternative. Combining biowaste with other renewable sources like wind and solar power is an effective solution for small-scale, decentralized power generation. This approach not only meets local electricity needs but also supplies heat for rural development. Optimizing operating conditions and methodologies for maximum syngas production in biomass gasification is essential. The gasification system designed here includes a downdraft biomass thermo chemical conversion gasifier, a gas transport line with tar removal, and a fully enclosed combustion chamber—together, forming a robust setup for efficient, clean energy production.
KEY WORD: Downdraft gasifier, biowaste, gasification, pyrolysis, syngas
THE EVOLUTION AND PATH OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANNING AND MARKET SINCE THE REFORM AND OPENING-UP: BASED ON THE LOGICAL PROGRESSION AND PARADIGM SHIFT IN CPC COGNITION
Authors: Liu Qiong
Published: November 2024

The relationship between planning and market mechanisms, a core issue in China’s economic reform, has evolved since its direct proposal by Deng Xiaoping. Since the reform and opening-up, amid shifts in the paradigms of CPC cognition, this relationship has followed a logical progression focused on "unity," moving through a logical starting point established by the CPC, then through a constructed logical intermediary, and a foundational support, progressing through an abstract theoretical level, the goal level of economic reform, the level of institutional and mechanism guarantees, and eventually reaching an inevitable dialectical-material relationship. Thus, it reaches the logical conclusion within the forty-five years of reform and opening-up. In the new era, as China’s socialist market economy advances to a new stage, the relationship between planning and market mechanisms will continue to evolve with changes in CPC cognition and practice.
KEYWORDS: planning; market; CPC; logical progression; paradigm shift