bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Machine Learning to Predict the In-Hospital Mortality in Women with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhao Pengyu , Liu Chang , Zhang Chao , Hou Yonghong , Zhang Xiaomeng , Zhao Jia , Sun Guolei , Zhou Jia
Published: May 2023

Background: Several studies have shown that women have a higher mortality rate than do men from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The present study was aimed at developing a new risk-prediction model for all-cause in-hospital mortality in women with STEMI, using predictors that can be obtained at the time of initial evaluation. Methods: We enrolled 8158 patients who were admitted with STEMI to the Tianjin Chest Hospital and divided them into two groups according to hospital outcomes. The patient data were randomly split into a training set (75%) and a testing set (25%), and the training set was preprocessed by adaptive synthetic (ADASYN) sampling. Four commonly used machine-learning (ML) algorithms were selected for the development of models; the models were optimized by 10-fold cross-validation and grid search. The performance of all-population-derived models and female-specific models in predicting in-hospital mortality in women with STEMI was compared by several metrics, including accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, G-mean, and area under the curve (AUC). Finally, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) value was applied to explain the models. Results: The performance of models was significantly improved by ADASYN. In the overall population, the support vector machine (SVM) combined with ADASYN achieved the best performance. However, it performed poorly in women with STEMI. Conversely, the proposed female-specific models performed well in women with STEMI, and the best performing model achieved 72.25% accuracy, 82.14% sensitivity, 71.69% specificity, 76.74% G-mean and 79.26% AUC. The accuracy and G-mean of the female-specific model were greater than the all-population-derived model by 34.64% and 9.07%, respectively. Conclusions: A machine-learning-based female-specific model can conveniently and effectively identify high-risk female STEMI patients who often suffer from an incorrect or delayed management.
Systematic Review of the Management of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection with Mesenteric Malperfusion
Authors: Wang Changtian , Wu Haiwei , Xi Zhilong , Liu Qiang , Sun Lei , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2023

Background: Surgical treatment strategy for acute type A aortic dissection (aTAAD) with mesenteric malperfusion (MMP) is quite challenging as it is often associated with poor patient outcomes, and optimal management strategies remain controversial. Methods: We conducted MEDLINE and EMBASE database searches up to December 31, 2021 for studies on aTAAD with MMP. Data on study design, patient demographics, patient management strategy, mortality, complications, and follow-up were extracted, analyzed, and investigated. Results: Our literature search identified 941 potentially relevant studies, of which 19 were deemed eligible for this study. A total of 352 patients, mean age: 58.4 ± 11.9 years, diagnosed with aTAAD complicated with MMP were included with an overall prevalence of 4%. Patients for which MMP was observed preoperatively were also included in this analysis. The overall in-hospital mortality amongst these patients was 43.5%, and bowel necrosis and/or multiorgan failure were the major causes of death. Four management strategies for first-line treatment were recognized and these included central aortic repair (191, 54.3%), reperfusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) (121, 34.3%), exclusively endo-intervention (11, 3.1%), and exclusively medical intervention (29, 8.2%). These various first-line strategies showed mortality rates of 40.3%, 33.9%, 72.7% and 93.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between central aortic repair and reperfusion of SMA as first-line therapies (χ2 = 1.302, p = 0.254). When compared with central aortic repair and reperfusion of SMA, exclusively medical care exhibited a significantly greater mortality rate (p < 0.01). Conclusions: aTAAD complicated with MMP is a rare complication that carries a high mortality rate. Central aortic repair and reperfusion of SMA as first-line treatment strategies appear to be associated with better outcomes compared with exclusively endo-intervention and medical care. Clinical decisions may have introduced biases as no differences were indicated in regards to the way patients were being prioritized for the central aortic repair versus reperfusion of SMA. In regards to variable clinical features and pathology of aTAAD complicated with MMP, an individualized approach is recommended.
2022 CMICS Expert Consensus on the Management of Isolated Tricuspid Regurgitation after Left-Sided Valve Surgery
Authors: Chen Jinmiao , Cheng Zhaoyun , Dong Nianguo , Dong Lili , Guo Huiming , Guo Yingqiang , Huang Huanlei , Jiang Shengli , Lu Fanglin , Li Fei , Liu Jinping , Liu Liming , Li Xin , Mei Ju , Ma Liang , Qiao Chenhui , Sun Lizhong , Tu Guowei , Tao Liang , Wang Dongjin , Wang Huishan , Wei Minxin , Wan Song , Xu Jianjun , Xue Song , Zheng Zhe , Wei Lai , Wang Chunsheng , CMICS on behalf of
Published: May 2023

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) may occur late after left-sided valve surgery (LSVS). Isolated tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery (iTR-LSVS) refers to isolated TR without significant lesions in the mitral and/or aortic position late after mitral and/or aortic replacement or repair. Severe TR has a negative impact on long-term prognosis and requires surgical or transcatheter treatment. However, there is no clear recommendation on when and how intervention should be performed for patients with iTR-LSVS in the current guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. The historically high operative mortality may be reduced by current minimally invasive techniques and transcatheter therapy. To further understand iTR-LSVS, standardize the treatment, improve the prognosis, and promote the collaboration, the Chinese Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Surgery Committee (CMICS) wrote this expert consensus on the management of iTR-LSVS from the aspects of etiology, preoperative evaluation, indications for intervention, surgical treatment, transcatheter therapy, and postoperative management.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and PET/CT: From Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Molecular Imaging Targets
Authors: Li Chenhao , Liu Zhiyin , Yuan Gang , Liu Yong , Wang Weiming
Published: May 2023

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the most common and critical aortic disease. Bleeding is the most serious complication from a ruptured AAA, which often results in death. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are the only effective means to reduce AAA associated mortality. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) combines functional and anatomical imaging. The expanded application of PET/CT in the medical field could have benefits for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AAA. This review explores the efficiency of PET/CT in the diagnosis of AAA based on our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of AAA development.
Endovascular Treatment of Complex Aortic Dissection. A Single Center 5 Years' Experience with 36 Patients
Authors: Petrov Ivo , Stankov Zoran , Vasilev Strahil , Tasheva Iveta , Kozareva Galina
Published: May 2023

Background: We present an analysis that compares aortic morphological and clinical outcomes of 36 patients, all treated with endovascular uncovered stents implantation preceded or not by stent-graft implantation, or surgical treatment in the context of complex treatment of type A or type B aortic dissection. Methods: Between 2014 and 05/2018 our team treated 36 patients with acute aortic dissection and end-organ ischemia due to true lumen compression. All clinical and periprocedural data were obtained prospectively, followed by a retrospective analysis. The case series aim is to show induction of aortic remodeling by depressurization of the false lumen and increasing the size of the true lumen by non-covered stents implantation in the aorta and its affected side branches. Secondary endpoints were survival, branch patency, true lumen and false lumen size evolution. Results: Results from the diameter of both lumens measured by computed tomography angiography (CTA) before and at least 1 year after the treatment showed statistically significant differences, patent stents, as well as symptomatic improvement in all patients. Both aorta-related and general mortality in this complex group of patients was 0%. Conclusions: The concept of redirection of flow in aortic dissection with non-covered stents was safe, led to positive aorta remodeling and resulted in excellent survival rate.
Non-Traditional Risk Factors as Contributors to Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Wang Lina , Lei Jingshu , Wang Ruiying , Li Kuibao
Published: May 2023

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, and smoking, have been well identified and given increased attention in clinical practice. However, the incidence and prevalence of CVD remains high, especially in developing countries. Therefore, there has been more attention to non-traditional CVD risk factors such as gut microbiota, sleep disorders, dietary structure, and psychosocial factors in their important roles in the development of CVD. In this review we summarize the association of non-traditional risk factors with CVD with the aim of further reducing the risk of CVD.
Association of Traumatic Injury and Incident Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Aitian , Liu Tao , Li Yue , Chen Shuohua , Wu Shouling , Fan Haojun , Gao Jingli , Li Xiaolan , Hou Shike , Cao Chunxia
Published: May 2023

Background: Several studies have linked traumatic injury and cardiovascular disease. However, few studies have investigated the associations between traumatic injury and cardiovascular disease subtypes. We aimed to prospectively examine the association between traumatic injury and the risk of incident myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Methods: This study was based on a prospective cohort study that included 13,973 patients who had been hospitalized for traumatic injuries from 1980 to 2020. We randomly selected 4 uninjured participants from the cohort study for each patient as controls matched by age (±3 years) and sex. All participants were free of MI and stroke at enrollment. Cox regression was used to examine the association between traumatic injury and incident MI and stroke. Results: During a median follow-up period of 13.5 years, 1032 cases of MI and 4068 cases of stroke were recorded. After multivariable adjustment, relative to controls, patients with severe injury had the highest hazard ratio (HR) for MI (HR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.26–2.96) and stroke (HR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.25–2.05). The HRs of MI and stroke were 0.97 (0.81–1.17) and 1.11 (1.02–1.21) for patients with mild injury and 1.28 (0.97–1.69) and 1.22 (1.06 to 1.41) for patients with moderate injury. Additionally, patients with older age at injury and chest injury had a higher HR for MI and stroke (p-interaction < 0.05). Conclusions: Traumatic injury appears to be associated with an increased risk of incident MI and stroke. Therefore, early screening and prevention of MI and stroke following a traumatic injury are needed.
Hemoadsorption in Heart Failure Requiring Mechanical Circulatory Support—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Freiburger Sebastian , Caldonazo Tulio , Tasoudis Panagiotis , Färber Gloria , Schulze Paul Christian , Franz Marcus , Doenst Torsten , Kirov Hristo , Diab Mahmoud
Published: May 2023

Background: Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are well established therapies in heart failure (HF) management. Their use is generally associated with a sudden increase in inflammatory mediators, which are often already elevated in patients with HF prior to device implantation. An exaggerated release of proinflammatory cytokines is associated with organ dysfunction and increased mortality. Hemoadsorption has been shown to reduce inflammatory mediators during cardiopulmonary bypass. Objective: To investigate the role of hemoadsorption during the management of acute or chronic heart failure with mechanical circulatory support and its impact on survival. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE selecting all studies comparing the use of hemoadsorption during LVAD implantation or veno-arterial (v.a.) ECMO therapy. Records were screened by two different investigators. Reports without a control group and duplicates were excluded. Results: Our search delivered six studies. One was randomized and five were retrospective studies, of which three were risk-adjusted. During LVAD implantation, one study showed no difference in mortality but higher incidence of respiratory insufficiency in the hemoadsorption group (54% vs 30%, p = 0.024) and the other study found higher mortality in the hemoadsorption group (33% vs 0%, p = 0.01). During ECMO therapy, three of four studies including the randomized one found no difference in survival or major adverse cardiac events between the hemoadsorption and the control groups. Only one study found lower mortality in the hemoadsorption group (20% vs 60%. p = 0.02). Conclusions: The results of this literature review suggest that the use of hemoadsorption in patients undergoing LVAD implantation might be associated with higher morbidity and mortality. The majority of studies on the use of hemoadsorption during v.a. ECMO therapy showed no effect on mortality or organ dysfunction, while only one small study showed that hemoadsorption was able to reduce mortality. The results are limited by the retrospective nature and the small sample sizes of the majority of the studies included.
Newer versus Early Generation of the MitraClip for Primary Mitral Regurgitation: A Japanese Single-Center Experience
Authors: Okuno Taishi , Izumo Masaki , Shiokawa Noriko , Kuwata Shingo , Ishibashi Yuki , Sato Yukio , Koga Masashi , Okuyama Kazuaki , Suzuki Norio , Kida Keisuke , Tanabe Yasuhiro , Akashi Yoshihiro J
Published: May 2023

Background: The MitraClip G4 system is the latest version of the transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) system for mitral regurgitation (MR). We aimed to investigate the impact of the new system on routine clinical practice and patient outcomes in the treatment of primary MR. Methods: Consecutive patients with primary MR who underwent TEER with either the MitraClip G2 or G4 between 2018 and 2021 were enrolled from a single center registry. Baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics as well as procedural and clinical outcomes up to 1 year were compared between groups. Technical and device success were defined in accordance with the Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria. Results: Among 71 patients with primary MR, 34 were treated with G2 and 37 were treated with G4. Patients treated with G4 had lower surgical risk (7.74 [5.04, 14.97] vs. 5.26 [3.98, 6.40]; p < 0.01) than those with G2. There were no significant differences in other baseline clinical variables between groups. On baseline echocardiography, MR volume and flail gap were significantly greater in the G4 group than in the G2 group (regurgitant volume: 63 [41–76] mL vs. 68 [62–84] mL; p = 0.04, flail gap: 4.5 [3.5–5.5] mm vs. 5.4 [4.5–7.1] mm; p = 0.04). Technical success was achieved in over 95% of both groups with no significant difference (p > 0.99). Device success was achieved in 61.8% of the G2 group, while in 70.3% of the G4 group (p = 0.47). Post-procedural MR severity was comparable (p = 0.42) and there was no significant difference in the occurrence of mitral stenosis (p = 0.61) between groups. Among patients who reached 1-year follow-up (n = 54), there was no significant difference between groups in a composite endpoint of death or heart failure rehospitalization (10.5% vs. 20.2%; HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.17–2.22; p = 0.45). Residual heart failure symptoms (NYHA ≥3) at 1 year were observed in 3.7% of the G2 group, while no patient in the G4 group (p > 0.99). Conclusions: The MitraClip G4 system achieved comparable device outcomes to the early-generation device (G2), despite treating more severe primary MR with a larger flail gap.
The Role of Lipid Subcomponents in the Development of Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Nie Lei , Xiang Xuying , Wen Cheng , Zhang Feng , Xia Yuanpeng , Wang Yong , Mao Ling
Published: May 2023

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a long-standing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Its occurrence and development are related to the pathophysiology of lipids including cholesteryl ester (CE), cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), and phospholipid (PL). In this review, we focus on the roles and possible mechanisms of different lipid subcomponents in the process of AS, and provide new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AS.
Efficacy of Multiple Exercise Therapy after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials
Authors: Moneruzzaman Md. , Sun Wei-Zhen , Changwe Geoffrey J. , Wang Yong‑Hui
Published: May 2023

Background: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is intended to restore myocardial perfusion and alleviate morbidity among patients suffering from coronary artery disease. Due to procedural complexity, and anesthetic medications, post-operative complications are more prevalent, requiring the integration of rehabilitation strategies. This review aimed to determine the effect of single and multiple exercise therapy on rehabilitation after CABG surgery. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of databases (EBSCOhost, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) from 01 January 2000 to 15 September 2022. The protocol of this systematic review is registered to PROSPERO. Results: We found nine randomized control trials composed of 599 CABG patients. In-patient cardiac rehabilitation (CR), a combination of inspiratory muscle training, mobilization, active upper and lower limb exercise, and aerobic exercise as multiple exercise therapy, found significant improvement in 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) than single exercise therapy (breathing exercise) at discharge and follow-up (moderate quality evidence). Contrary, multiple exercises group compared to single exercise groups did not improve the peak volume of oxygen (VO2) at discharge. Still, significant improvement was found at follow-up (moderate quality of evidence). On the other hand, the out-patient CR made up of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, upper and lower limbs resistance training, and aerobic exercise as multiple exercise therapy significantly improved 6MWD and peak VO2 at discharge (High-quality evidence). Conclusions: Our review revealed that multiple exercise therapy significantly improves functional and exercise capacity in in-patient and out-patient cardiac rehabilitation settings than single exercise therapy, but more than double exercise therapy protocol may be inefficient for improvement of quality of life. Inspiratory muscle training and resistance training in exercise therapy protocols significantly supplant the outcome, which requires further investigation.
Physical Activity and Cardiac Morphologic Adaptations
Authors: Pittaras Andreas , Faselis Charles , Doumas Michael , Grassos Charalampos , Kokkinos Peter
Published: May 2023

Chronic and intense exercise programs lead to cardiac adaptations, followed by increased left ventricular wall thickness and cavity diameter, at times meeting the criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), commonly referred to as “athlete’s heart”. Recent studies have also reported that extremely vigorous exercise practices have been associated with heightened left ventricular trabeculation extent, fulfilling noncompaction cardiomyopathy criteria, as part of exercise-induced structural adaptation. These changes are specific to the exercise type, intensity, duration, and volume and workload demands imposed on the myocardium. They are considered physiologic adaptations not associated with a negative prognosis. Conversely, hypertrophic cardiac adaptations resulting from chronic elevations in blood pressure (BP) or chronic volume overload due to valvular regurgitation, lead to compromised cardiac function, increased cardiovascular events, and even death. In younger athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the usual cause of non-traumatic, exercise-triggered sudden cardiac death. Thus, an extended cardiac examination should be performed, to differentiate between HCM and non-pathological exercise-related LVH or athlete’s heart. The exercise-related cardiac structural and functional adaptations are normal physiologic responses designed to accommodate the increased workload imposed by exercise. Thus, we propose that such adaptations are defined as “eutrophic” hypertrophy and that LVH is reserved for pathologic cardiac adaptations. Systolic BP during daily activities may be the strongest predictor of cardiac adaptations. The metabolic demand of most daily activities is approximately 3–5 metabolic equivalents (METs) (1 MET = 3.5 mL of O2 kg of body weight per minute). This is similar to the metabolic demand of treadmill exercise at the first stage of the Bruce protocol. Some evidence supports that an exercise systolic BP response ≥150 mmHg at the end of that stage is a strong predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy, as this BP reflects the hemodynamic burden of most daily physical tasks. Aerobic training of moderate intensity lowers resting and exercise systolic BP at absolute workloads, leading to a lower hemodynamic burden during daily activities, and ultimately reducing the stimulus for LVH. This mechanism explains the significant LVH regression addressed by aerobic exercise intervention clinical studies.
Obesity and Respiratory Diseases: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications
Authors: magsi asad abbas
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Respiratory Diseases: Pathophysiology and ClinicalImplications
Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Interventions
Authors: ewrer saqwee
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Interventions
PENGARUHSUBSTITUSI PARSIAL BIOCHARTEMPURUNG LONTAR (BorassusflabelliferL.)TERHADAP KOMPONEN GENERATIF PADI GOGO YANG DIBERI CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN
Authors: Refli
Published: May 2023

Biochar tempurung lontar berpotensi sebagai bahan pembenah tanah. Potensi biochar tempurung lontar dalam budidaya padi gogo belum pernah dilaporkan, sehingga tujuan penelitian iniuntuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian biochar tempurung lontar (Borassus flabelliferL.) terhadap komponen generatif padi gogo yang diberi cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan dengan konsentrasi biocharyangberbeda, yaitu 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Parameter yang diukur meliputi Tinggi Tanaman, JumlahAnakan Total, Jumlah Anakan Produksi, Umur Berbunga, Jumlah Malai, Panjang Malai, Umur Panen, Jumlah Gabah per Malai, Jumlah Gabah Bernas per Malai, Berat Malai, Berat Total Tanpa Malai, Berat Gabah Bernas. Datadianalisis menggunakan ANOVA (p˂0.05), dan Uji Jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian biochar tempurung lontar berpengaruh secara nyata (p<0.05) terhadap Tinggi Tanaman, Umur Berbunga, Jumlah Gabah per Malai, Jumlah Gabah Bernas per Malai, Berat Malai, Berat Total Tanpa Malai, dan Berat Gabah Bernas. Tetapi, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap Jumlah Anakan Total, Jumlah Anakan Produktif, Jumlah Malai, Panjang Malai, dan Umur Panen padi gogo yang diberi cekaman kekeringan
The Interaction of Light with Non-Linear Gravitational Fields
Authors: Vegt Wim
Published: May 2023

Albert Einstein has introduced a new understanding of light by introducing the concept of the “photon”. This concept originated (1905) in Albert Einstein’s explanation of the photoelectric effect, in which he proposed the existence of discrete energy packets during the transmission of light. Because photons propagate with the speed of light, it is a necessary requirement that the rest-mass of photons equals zero. Recently experiments have resulted in the observation that the rest mass of a photon does not equal zero. [10]. Einstein’s solution to explain the interaction between gravity and light (particles with rest-mass zero, photons) was a curved space-time continuum. A Space-Time continuum curved due to a gravitational field. The assumption of the zero-mass of photons had been based on Maxwell’s assumption that electromagnetic waves do not carry mass and do not generate a gravitational field. The stress–energy tensor describes the density and flux of energy and momentum in spacetime, generalizing the stress tensor of Newtonian physics. It is an attribute of matter, radiation, and non-gravitational force fields. This density and flux of energy and momentum is the source of the gravitational field equations in Einstein’s General Relativity in a comparable way like the (electromagnetic) mass density is the source of such a field in Newtonian gravity. This article describes a New Electromagnetic Field Theory. The foundation of the new theory is the Universal 4-dimensional Equilibrium in the Minkowski space, expressed by the “Non-Divergence” or “Zero-Divergence” of the Stress-Energy Tensor: in which expresses the density of the Electromagnetic Force 4-vector in the Minkowski Space (equation 45) and “a” varies from 1 until 4. [25],[26] and [27]Based on the 4-dimensional equilibrium in the Minkowski space (expressed by the Stress-Energy Tensor = ), Newton’s Classical Dynamics will be unified with Maxwell’s Electrodynamics, the 4-Dimensional Relativistic Dirac Equation (which is the foundation of Relativistic Quantum Physics) represents the classical relativistic Dirac Equation (54.1) and equals the 4th component of the density of the Force 4-vector in the Minkowski Space and Einstein’s General Relativity. Extending Newton’s 3-dimensional Equilibrium in Classical Mechanics into a model of confined electromagnetic energy within a 4-dimensional Equilibrium will unify Classical Mechanics with Relativistic Quantum Physics (4-dimensional Dirac Equation) and represents the mathematical solutions (equation 31) for the in 1955 by J. A. Wheeler already announced concept of Gravitational-Electromagnetic Confined GEONs. [1]
Novel Pharmacological Approaches for Obesity Management
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

Novel Pharmacological Approaches for Obesity Management
Measuring Media Criticism with ALC Word Embeddings
Authors: Barrie Christopher , Ketchley Neil , Siegel Alexandra Arons , Bagdouri Mossaab
Published: May 2023

The ability of news media to criticize the executive branch of government is central to media freedom and a marker of meaningful democratization. Existing indices use scoring criteria or expert surveys to develop country year measures of media criticism. In this article, we introduce a computationally inexpensive, granular, and fully open-source method for estimating media criticism using à la carte (ALC) word embedding. We validate our approach with a dataset of Arabic-language news media comprising 8.5m articles. An applied example shows how researchers can use our technique to provide credible estimates of changes in media criticism in the aftermath of a coup. A series of experiments demonstrates the method works even with sparse data. Separate analyses with synthetic news data demonstrate that the method extends to other languages. Taken together, our approach points to new possibilities in the monitoring and measurement of media freedom within authoritarian and democratizing settings.
Obesity and Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Liver Disease: Mechanisms and TherapeuticApproaches
The Role of Adipose Tissue in Obesity-Related Metabolic Disorders
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

The Role of Adipose Tissue in Obesity-Related Metabolic Disorders
Obesity and Renal Disease: Mechanisms and Clinical Considerations
Authors: lahori zaheer
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Renal Disease: Mechanisms and ClinicalConsiderations
Obesity Prevention in Children and Adolescents: Strategies and Challenges
Authors: lahori zaheer
Published: May 2023

Obesity Prevention in Children and Adolescents: Strategies andChallenges
Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management
Authors: ewrer saqwee
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Pathophysiology and ClinicalManagement
Speed of Massless Object is equal to the Speed of Light
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses an object in motion relating to the speed of light.
The Role of Genetics in Obesity: Current Insights and Future Directions
Authors: ewrer saqwee
Published: May 2023

The Role of Genetics in Obesity: Current Insights and FutureDirections
Desafíos del aula invertida para la Educación Universitaria en el Continente Sur
Authors: Gamarra Juan Herber Grados , Escalante Carlos Andrés Canales , Tirado Ricardo Augusto Gutierrez , Vega Enrique Díaz , Zamata Jessica Rosario Meza , Yanac Luis Alberto Arellán
Published: May 2023

La urgente necesidad del sistema educativo para atender la emergencia sanitaria provocada por el COVID-19, descubrió en la enseñanza virtual el potencial para preservar la conexión entre la institución, docentes y alumnos. Este cambio obligó a trasladar casi sin pensar el espacio físico sincrónico al entorno virtual, sin que ello implique necesariamente la comprensión de la distinción pedagógica sobre qué contenidos priorizar, cómo y para qué. A pesar de esta circunstancia, se desarrollaron nuevos aprendizajes. Si bien la pandemia afectó a todos; independientemente de su nacionalidad, nivel de educación, ingresos o género, los efectos fueron variados, teniendo un mayor impacto en los grupos sociales más vulnerables, y aunque las medidas educativas adoptadas para abordar el paso de la presencialidad a la virtualidad en las escuelas se centraron en la implementación de herramientas de aprendizaje en línea, en la mayoría de los países la crisis hizo visible las múltiples carencias y desigualdades entre los sistemas educativos. Las plataformas en línea se utilizaron principalmente durante el cierre de escuelas para ofrecer clases virtuales con maestros en tiempo real, junto con otras herramientas de aprendizaje en línea; por ejemplo, en muchos países de Latinoamérica la programación educativa se transmitía frecuentemente por televisión durante la etapa de educación básica. En México se lanzó el servicio telefónico en línea “Tu maestro”, que brindó a los estudiantes orientación individualizada. En cuanto a los programas de formación docente, una parte importante de los cursos versó sobre el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) para mejorar el aprendizaje. Con la propuesta pedagógica de enseñanza a distancia de emergencia se aplicó el modelo educativo universitario, que tenía como objetivo convertir las lecciones presenciales en experiencias de trabajo en línea durante una emergencia, permitiendo ajustar la propuesta educativa a los problemas contextuales provocados por COVID-19. Esta preocupación motivó el desarrollo de estudios tendientes a sistematizar la experiencia de docentes y estudiantes durante la fase de integración de la tecnología a la práctica educativa.
“碳达峰”、“碳中和”之后：“碳降低”、“碳自然 carbon naturality”？
Authors: YANG Zheng-Ling
Published: May 2023

碳达峰（emission peak）的基本含义，是人类活动引起的二氧化碳等温室气体的排放，在到达某一个时间点之后，排放量达到峰值后逐渐开始下降。碳中和（carbon neutrality）的基本含义，是实现二氧化碳的“零排放”。但是，这两个术语并没有直接定义地球大气的温室气体状态，只是定义了人类活动对温室气体变化的影响。由于工业化以来的历史积累，目前地球大气温室气体的浓度，明显超过了工业化之前的浓度。因此，碳中和之后，假如温室气体浓度仍然较高的话，应该继续施行“碳降低”，使大气温室气体浓度继续降低。一直降低到和没有人类温室气体排放时的地球大气温室气体相当的状态，即“碳自然”状态。
The Role of Hormones in Obesity Regulation and Treatment
Authors: lahori zaheer
Published: May 2023

The Role of Hormones in Obesity Regulation and Treatment
Konsep dan Teori Uang dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Waasi Nur
Published: May 2023

Uang secara umum ialah sesuatu yang dapat diterima secara umum sebagai alat pembayaran di suatu wilayah tertentu atau sebagai alat pembayaran digunakan, atau sebagai alat untuk melakukan pembelian barang atau jasa. Dengan kata lain, uang merupakan suatu alat yang dapat digunakan dalam suatu wilayah tertentu.
Obesity and Mental Health: Exploring the Bidirectional Relationship
Authors: magsi asad abbas
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Mental Health: Exploring the BidirectionalRelationship
Obesity and Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: lahori zaheer
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms and TherapeuticTargets
Etika Penelitian: Kajian Rektraksi Artikel Ilmiah Teknik Sipil
Authors: Hansen Seng
Published: May 2023

Salah satu konsekuensi dari temuan penyimpangan etika penelitian adalah retraksi artikel ilmiah. Retraksi artikelmerupakan upaya menjaga kualitas publikasi sehingga studi terkait retraksi artikel menjadi penting untuk diteliti. Studi ini berusaha menginvestigasi alasan dan tren retraksi artikel ilmiah bidang teknik sipil yang belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Kajian pustaka terfokus terhadap 746 artikel yang diekstraksi dari laman ASCE Library pada 11 April 2022 menunjukkan bahwa hanya sebesar 6,17% dari artikel tersebut yang diretraksi oleh penerbit. Dari jumlah tersebut, 10,87% merupakan retraksi artikel akibat kelalaian pihak penerbit dan 82,61% retraksi murni kelalaian penulis dalam bentuk berbagai penyimpangan penelitian (research misconducts). Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan turunnya tren jumlah retraksi artikel ilmiah teknik sipil sejak 2011, sedangkan dua alasan utama retraksi artikel adalah kurangnya tanggapan dari penulis (lack of author response) sebesar 23,91% dan temuan tumpang tindih yang signifikan dengan publikasi lainnya (significant overlap) sebesar 19,57%. Studi ini berkontribusi pada peningkatan wawasan terkait retraksi artikel ilmiah di bidang teknik sipil sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran para peneliti teknik sipil terhadap pentingnya pemenuhan etika penelitian.
Obesity and Sleep Disorders: Bidirectional Associations and Treatment Strategies
Authors: magsi asad abbas
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Sleep Disorders: Bidirectional Associations andTreatment Strategies
Obesity and Musculoskeletal Health: Impact, Mechanisms, and Interventions
Authors: magsi asad abbas
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Musculoskeletal Health: Impact, Mechanisms, andInterventions
Risk factors of violent extremism and confounding influence: Commentary on an article by Clemmow et al. (2023)
Authors: Muthuswamy Moorthy
Published: May 2023

In this commentary, we argue that the article in question overlooked the confounding influence as a source of radicalization. Moreover, we contend that the violence associated risk factors identified in the article are dependent variables of this confounding influence. Accordingly, focusing on these risk factors is futile when attention should be on understanding and weakening the radicalization ecosystem. We outline a published theoretical framework for understanding the ecosystem and discuss its application by analyzing Salafi extremism. This framework incorporates the confounding influence for delineating violent extremism and helps understand the broad impact of the radicalization process.
Maternal and Fetal Consequences of Obesity in Pregnancy
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

Maternal and Fetal Consequences of Obesity in Pregnancy
Illegal access to scholarly information: considerations regarding the use of sci-hub and its constraints to academic libraries
Authors: Ferreira Beatriz Barrocas
Published: May 2023

This work intends to study the influence that the use of sci-hub has on academic libraries, aiming to fill the gap of the risks that sci-hub might develop in academic libraries. Its purpose is to have a view between the interconnection of the library structure and the vulnerability that this undergoes when affected by an external factor, perceiving the long-term implications that the use of this platform has on academic library services. To reach these goals, it was conducted a narrative literature review on the academic library structure, the cause of the appearance of sci-hub and the increase of its popularity. Sci-hub has a direct influence on library circulation services. So, the conclusion is, since that academic libraries are living organisms, where all of their parts communicate with one another when one of their parts is damaged, the others will be resent as well, especially in the long term.
Obesity and Reproductive Health: Impact, Challenges, and Interventions
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Reproductive Health: Impact, Challenges, andInterventions
Practical alternatives to the “significant/non-significant” statistical dichotomy
Authors: Rovetta Alessandro
Published: May 2023

Science is a discipline that selects, collects, and summarizes the best available information on a given phenomenon in order to model it. It is closer to a bet with the highest probability of winning than to the search for truth. The dichotomous categorization of significance (e.g., acceptance vs. rejection of objective hypotheses) is unsuitable for the scientific nature of a statistical investigation and inevitably leads to dangerous exaggerations of the state of evidence (especially on single studies). Indeed, no study can prove that a result is (not) significant (not even at the clinical level) since uncertainty is and always will be part of scientific action. At most, it can be stated that a certain result, in terms of both statistical surprise and effect size, together with other evidence (e.g., biological, psychological, etc.), provides a certain degree of information “against” or “in favor of” substantial consequences in the clinical field. Therefore, based on the above considerations and an analysis of the (function of) costs and benefits, it can be decided whether a certain therapy meets the threshold of scientific evidence required for its approval. In this regard, this manuscript proposes and discusses alternative concepts to statistical dichotomy such as ranges of significance (or, better, ranges of compatibility with hypotheses) or the recommended evaluation of results in terms of statistical surprise (by comparison with obtaining S consecutive heads when flipping an unbiased coin). Furthermore, it emphasizes the absolute necessity to investigate all relevant objective hypotheses (not just the null one) as well as all model assumptions (the violation of which can make significance/compatibility/surprise uninformative for the scientific goal). Finally, it proposes a compact framework for a complete presentation of results.
Bard can read and summarize a research paper
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: May 2023

To my surprise, the answer can be considered accurate and valuable. It summarized the key information and content almost the same way an experienced member of my research team could provide.
JANGAN KUATIR TENTANG APAPUN JUGA
Authors: Harahap Ramli
Published: May 2023

Minggu ini kita akan memasuki Minggu Rogate, yang artinya berdoa (Yer. 29:12). Dalam Minggu ini kita akan membahas tema “Jangan Kuatir tentang Apapun juga”. Sebagai manusia Paulus tentu pernah merasa kuatir di tengah ketidakpastian dan kesulitan. Ia pernah mengalami karam kapal. Ia pernah dipukuli. Ia pernah dipenjara. Dalam suratnya kepada jemaat di Filipi, Paulus menguatkan para sahabatnya yang juga menghadapi ketidakpastian dan mengatakan kepada mereka, “Janganlah hendaknya kamu kuatir tentang apapun juga, tetapi nyatakanlah dalam segala hal keinginanmu kepada Allah dalam doa dan permohonan dengan ucapan syukur” (ay. 6).
Obesity and Neurological Disorders: Insights into Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Neurological Disorders: Insights into Pathophysiologyand Treatment
Obesity and Aging: Understanding the Interplay and Implications for Health
Authors: jalandhri nisar qureshi
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Aging: Understanding the Interplay and Implicationsfor Health
The Gut Microbiota and Obesity: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: ewrer saqwee
Published: May 2023

The Gut Microbiota and Obesity: Recent Advances and TherapeuticImplications
The Impact of Childhood Obesity on Long-Term Health Outcomes
Authors: ewrer saqwee
Published: May 2023

The Impact of Childhood Obesity on Long-Term Health Outcomes
Obesity and Osteoarthritis: Etiology, Impact, and Management
Authors: lahori zaheer
Published: May 2023

Obesity and Osteoarthritis: Etiology, Impact, and Management
EFFECTIVENESS SOLUTION CALCIUM CHLORIDE (CACL2) IN DELAYING RIPENING OF FRUIT TOMATO(Lycopersicum esculentumMill.)
Authors: Refli
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of CaCl2solution in delaying tomato ripening and to know the concentration and the duration of effective immersion of CaCl2solution. This research uses Completely Randomized Design (RCD) two factors. The first factor was the concentration of CaCl2solution (K0= 0 M, K1= 0.05 M, K2= 0.10 M, K3= 0.15 M, K4= 0.20 M), the second factor was the duration of immersion of CaCl2(T1= 15 minutes, T2= 30 minutes, T3= 45 minutes, T4= 60 minutes). Parameters included fruit discoloration, fruit softness, and shrinkage of fruit weight. Changes in skin color and weight loss were analyzed descriptively, while fruit softness was analyzed by variance test and 5% DMRT test. The results showed that there was an interaction between concentration treatment and the duration of soaking of CaCl2 solution which was effective in skin color change, fruit softness and shrinkage of fruit weight and treatment of concentration 0.20 M and 60 minutes of soaking time resulted in the most effective tomato maturation delay other treatment.
Bariatric Surgery: Efficacy, Safety, and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: magsi asad abbas
Published: May 2023

Bariatric Surgery: Efficacy, Safety, and Long-Term Outcomes
Dynamic hydrological niche segregation: how plants compete for water in a semiarid ecosystem
Authors: Zhao Ying , Wang Li , Chun Kwok , Ziegler Alan , Evaristo J.
Published: May 2023

Hydrological niche segregation (HNS), which refers to differences in root water uptake depth and physiological traits among coexisting species, remains poorly understood especially with respect to moisture changes and diverse water use strategies. This is particularly the case in regions with a seasonally dry climate where plants must constantly adapt to water stress. Over a 2-year period, we analyzed the isotopic compositions of xylem and soil water (δ2H, δ18O) and foliar δ13C to identify the water sources and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi), respectively, of four coexisting plant species. These species include Populus simonii (a type of tree), Caragana korshinskii and Salix psammophila (both types of shrub), and Artemisia ordosica (a semi-shrub). This study was conducted in a semi-arid ecosystem in China’s Loess Plateau (CLP). To quantify HNS defined by δ2H, δ18O and δ13C, we used a model called nicheROVER. Our results show that these four co-existing species had distinct position on a hydrological niche axis defined by their water sources and WUEi. P. simonii depended on deep soil water and demonstrated a high WUEi. Both shrubs, C. korshinskii and S. psammophila, utilized deep and intermediate soil water, respectively, and had comparable WUEi. The semi-shrub A. ordosica relied on shallow soil water and showed a low WUEi. These differences in water sources and WUEi led to HNS between A. ordosica and the other three species during the wet year. However, in a dry year, HNS reduced as the shrubs and semi-shrub increased their use of deep soil water and improved WUEi. Overall, these results demonstrate that HNS is a dynamic process that varies on at least an annual basis. It expands and contracts as plants regulate their water uptake and loss in response to changing soil moisture conditions.
Oxidoreductases and metal cofactors in the functioning of Earth
Authors: Hay Mele Bruno , Monticelli Maria , Leone Serena , Bastoni Deborah , Barosa Bernardo , Cascone Martina , Migliaccio Flavia , Montemagno Francesco , Ricciardelli Annarita , Tonietti Luca , Rotundi Alessandra , Cordone Angelina , Giovannelli Donato
Published: May 2023

Life sustains itself using energy generated by thermodynamic disequilibria, commonly existing as redox disequilibria. Metals are significant players in controlling redox reactions, as they are essential components of the engine that life uses to tap into the thermodynamic disequilibria necessary for metabolism. The number of proteins that evolved to catalyze redox reactions is extraordinary, as is the diversification level of metal cofactors and catalytic domain structures involved. Notwithstanding the importance of the topic, the relationship between metals and the redox reactions they are involved in has been poorly explored. This work reviews the structure and function of different prokaryotic organometallic-protein complexes, highlighting their pivotal role in controlling biogeochemistry. We focus on a specific subset of metal-containing oxidoreductases (EC1 or EC7.1), which are directly involved in biogeochemical cycles, i.e., at least one substrate or product is a small inorganic molecule that is or can be exchanged with the environment. Based on these inclusion criteria, we select and report 59 metalloenzymes, describing the organometallic structure of their active sites, the redox reactions in which they are involved, and their biogeochemical roles.
Feeling licensed after COVID-19 Rapid Test? Moderated Mediation of Social Expectations on MSI and Behavioural Spillovers
Authors: Koaik Fatima , Dolan Paul , Krpan Dario
Published: May 2023

“I took the rapid test and did my part!” Behavioural spillovers (Dolan and Galizzi, 2015) and spillunders (Krpan et al., 2019) try to look at all the ripples’ effects of behavioural change interventions. We examine the effect of social norms and social expectations on the likelihood of experiencing moral licensing after taking the COVID-19 rapid test and then how moral self-image explains the likelihood of donating to charity after taking a rapid test. We propose and test a moderated mediation model to examine the role of social expectations and moral self-image towards understanding the likelihood of experiencing moral licensing.
Greater Target or Lure Variability? An Exploration on the Effects of Stimulus Types and Memory Paradigms.
Authors: Chen Haomin , Heathcote Andrew , Sauer James D. , Palmer Matthew A. , Osth Adam F
Published: May 2023

In recognition memory the variance of the target distribution is almost universally found to be greater than that of the lure distribution. However, these estimates commonly come from long-term memory paradigms where words are used as stimuli. Two exceptions to this rule have found evidence for greater lure variability: a short-term memory task (Yotsumoto et al., 2008) and in an eyewitness memory paradigm (Wixted et al., 2018). In the presentwork, we conducted a series of recognition memory experiments using different stimulus (faces vs. words) along with different paradigms (long-term vs. short-term) to evaluate whether either of these conditions would result in greater variability in lure items. Greater target variability was observed across stimulus types and memory paradigms. This suggests that factors other than stimuli and retention interval might be responsible for cases where variability is less for targets than lures.