bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Lisansüstü Öğrencilerinin Akademik Okuryazarlık Becerilerine İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Elçi Öksüzoğlu İrem
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler lisansüstü öğrencilerinin lisansüstü eğitimleri bağlamında akademik okuryazarlık becerisine ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemi ile yürütülen bu çalışmada fenomonoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Türkiye’nin altı farklı devlet üniversitesinde sosyal bilgiler eğitimi alanında lisansüstü öğrenim gören dördü yüksek lisans ve dördü doktora öğrencisi olmak üzere sekiz lisansüstü öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Katılımlar, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla elde edilen veriler, MAXQDA nitel analiz programında tümevarımcı bir yaklaşım benimsenerek içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma süreci inandırıcılık, aktarılabilirlik, tutarlılık ve teyit edilebilirlik ilkeleri dikkate alınarak planlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, lisansüstü öğrencilerin tamamı akademik okuryazarlık becerisinin gerekli olduğunu vurgulamış ve akademik okuryazar olan bireylerde eleştirel düşünme, merak etme, akademik okuma ve yazma, problem çözme, etkili dinleme, doğru bilgiye erişebilme, bilimsel etik, empati kurabilme, dijital okuryazarlık, çevre okuryazarlığı, duyarlı olma, karar verebilme, alanyazını takip etme, araştırma basamaklarını bilme ve yabancı dilde yetkinlik gibi özelliklerin bulunması gerektiği ifade edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların lisansüstü eğitim sürecinde öğretim elemanlarından, öğrencilerden, araştırma sürecinden ve doğal afetler gibi çeşitli nedenlerden kaynaklanan sorunlar yaşadıkları ve bu sorunların akademik okuryazarlık becerilerinin geliştirilmesi noktasında engel teşkil ettiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Katılımcılar lisansüstü eğitim sürecinde karşılaştıkları sorunlara yönelik politika yapıcılara, öğretim programlarına, öğretim elemanlarına ve lisansüstü öğrencilere yönelik önerilerde bulunmuşlardır.
Assessment of Skills in Primary School Children with ASD. The “Tutor’s Compass” Diagnostic Tool. Part 1
Authors: Rudneva E.V. , Davydova E.Y. , Mamokhina U.A. , Zagumennaya O.V. , Davydov D.V. , Khaustov A.V.
Published: December 2024

Objectives. To individualize interventions during tutoring support for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), an assessment of the skills necessary for group learning is conducted. In Russia, there are no diagnostic tools specifically developed for tutors that consider the unique nature of their tasks. The presented tool, “Tutor’s Compass,” is designed to address diagnostic challenges in providing support to primary school students with ASD.

Methods. The diagnostic tool “Tutor’s Compass” is a questionnaire completed by the tutor or another psychological or educational support professional. It allows to assess the skill development in primary school students and to describe the forms of challenging behavior observed during the demonstration of these skills. The tool was tested on a group of 20 primary school students with ASD. The obtained data were compared with the results of adaptive behavior assessment using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales.

Results. The “Tutor’s Compass” tool revealed the significant variability in skill acquisition within the studied group (the proportions of mastered skills varied 0.26-1 across scales). The scales of the questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency (each scale Cronbach’s alpha exceeds 0.9). Significant correlations were found between the “Tutor’s Compass” scales and the main scales of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales.

Conclusions. The “Tutor’s Compass” allows the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the skills development necessary for group teaching of primary school children with ASD over a wide range and can be used to develop the individual interventions plans.
To the Problem of Developing the Concept of Organising Social and Psychological-Pedagogical Work with Adolescents on the Internet
Authors: Bogdanovich N.V. , Delibalt V.V.
Published: December 2024

Modern childhood and adulthood take place in a new social situation of development. The rapid development of digital technologies and the banalisation of the Internet in the practice of everyday life of children and adolescents provide not only new opportunities for self-realisation, but also confront new threats and risks in the digital environment. Such socially significant problems as cyberbullying, online sexual grooming, Internet addiction and other manifestations pose complex tasks for professionals to build work with clients not only offline but also online. In this regard, it is necessary to comprehend new aspects of professional activity related to the need to provide assistance in the Internet environment. The article presents the concept of organisation of social and psychological-pedagogical work with adolescents in the Internet, based on the empirically verified author’s model of competences of a specialist in working with online risks and resources and developed on the basis of the scheme of activities proposed by U. Engeström. Engeström. Based on the typology of online risks, the aim and objectives, preventive orientation of the activity are substantiated, and the organisational aspects of such work are described.
On the Introduction of Psychotechnical Achievements in Law Enforcement Practice
Authors: Pozdnyakov V.M. , Petrov V.E. , Kokurin A.V.
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to examining psychotechnical advancements that are currently utilized or considered promising in modern law enforcement practices. Based on a historical-comparative analysis of scientific approaches and a content analysis of publications from the past five years in domestic journals with a core focus on "Legal Psychology" a classification of traditional and innovative psychotechnical tools has been developed into four specific groups: (1) interactive psychotechnics, (2) organizational-psychological techniques, (3) informational-technical methods and psychotechnics, and (4) analytical psychotechnics. The material of the article highlights the need for further scientific reflection on improving the forms and methods of implementing the achievements of legal psychology in law enforcement activities. The article also outlines prospects for the development of legal psychology in the creation and application of psychotechnical tools.
Peculiarities of Nostalgic Experiences of Women in a Pre-Trial Detention Center
Authors: Vartanyan G.A. , Soldatova E.L. , Likhanov M.V. , Bartseva K.V. , Tsvetkova Е.Ю.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to study the peculiarities of women’s nostalgic experiences in a situation of isolation. 78 women in a pre-trial detention center were studied using the following methods: WHO nostalgia questionnaire, author’s nostalgia content questionnaire, Big Five BFI-2-S, dark triad, WHO5 well-being questionnaire, method for diagnosing subjective well-being of a person, test of life-meaning orientations, an anxiety questionnaire and a method for diagnosing crisis symptoms. The value of nostalgia and the tendency towards it, as well as the significance of memories from the past, have been revealed. Women demonstrate a high level of anxiety, low locus of control of Self, locus of control of Life, a general indicator of meaningfulness of life, high rates of extraversion and conscientiousness and low rates of agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience, with a relatively high level of subjective well-being. The data showed a relationship between the value of nostalgia and the level of subjective well-being, locus of control of the self and agreeableness, as well as the tendency to nostalgia with the level of subjective well-being, anxiety and neuroticism. According to regression analysis, the characteristics of nostalgic experiences are influenced by subjective well-being, goodwill, as well as the locus of control “life” and “life process”. Probably, nostalgia can act as an adaptation resource for the individual.
Instrumental and Motivational Resources of Specialists in the Field of Protection of Children’s Rights in Conditions of Uncertainty of Professional Activity
Authors: Oslon V.N. , Odintsova M.A. , Semya G.V. , Kolesnikova U.V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the instrumental and motivational resources of 596 specialists of three professional groups (specialists of guardianship and guardianship authorities; the Office of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights; organizations for orphans and children left without parental care) from 87 subjects of the Russian Federation in conditions of experiencing situations of uncertainty in their professional activities. The research model combines the type and perceived level of uncertainty of professional activity, the resources used to overcome it. It is shown that the frequency of occurrence of the five types of situations of professional uncertainty identified in the study depends on the specifics of the activities of professional groups. Situations related to the consequences for child safety and professional decision-making are assessed as the most uncertain. The degree of experiencing uncertainty correlates with the level of instrumental and motivational resources. In groups experiencing relatively simple situations of uncertainty of professional activity, the level of controlled professional motivation and the need for support, especially emotional, are lower.
Educational Needs of Specialists in the Field of Child Protection in a Single Professional Development Program
Authors: Merkul I.A. , Kolesnikova U.V. , Volchanskaya V.O. , Zaytseva N.G.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of educational needs of specialists in the field of protection of children's rights and interests. The purpose of the study is to identify the general and specific educational needs of specialists in the guardianship and guardianship of minors, the offices of the commissioners for children's rights, organizations for orphans and children left without parental care. The research methodology includes the analysis of data from the opinions of 446 respondents using frequency analysis and the Kraskel–Wallis criterion. The educational needs common to the groups were identified: knowledge about the forms of child rights protection, methods of identifying children's opinions, preventive work to prevent suicide and the psychology of deviant behavior. The similarity in the development of professional competencies is also shown: the ability to flexibly adapt to changing situations, the ability to interact with representatives of various departments and apply legal and psychological technologies in working with children and their families. The results of the study demonstrate the potential for developing a unified program that can effectively meet the needs of specialists in the context of legislative changes and social transformations.
Specifics of Educational Work in Organizations for Orphans and Children Left without Parental Care
Authors: Bobyleva I.A. , Semya G.V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the features of educational work in organizations for orphans and children left without parental care. Based on the analysis data, the representation of different forms of educational work and their specificity associated with the target focus on overcoming orphan trauma and preparing pupils for independent life, as well as with adaptation to the age characteristics of pupils and their health are characterized. The features of educational work in family groups determined by the creation of conditions as close as possible to family ones are revealed. Significant differences between educational work in organizations for orphans and educational work in schools and kindergartens are shown. The main educational traditions in organizations for orphans are identified and the key aspects of their influence on pupils are characterized. The tendency of an increase in the number of organizations for orphans developing educational work on the basis of a working educational program is confirmed. This development is an integral part of the event in paragraph 86 “Creating conditions in organizations for orphans that are close to family-like” and paragraph 88 “Development and definition of requirements for the competencies of specialists of organizations for orphans” of the Plan of the main events carried out within the framework of the Decade of Childhood for the period up to 2027 (Order of January 23, 2021 No. 122-r).
SUPPORT SYSTEM AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE SUCCESSFUL ADAPTATION OF NOVICE TEACHERS
Authors: Šitina Alise , Latsone Lāsma
Published: December 2024

The process of adaptation of any person to the new place of work is an important stage that contributes to the further motivation both to stay in a particular place of work and to continue to be a representative of the chosen profession. Encouraging novice teachers to remain in their chosen profession is the actuality of the modern educational space. It is therefore important to evaluate all possible support tools and resources for the adaptation of novice teachers, as well as to identify opportunities for their useful, meaningful and targeted use. Thus, the questions become relevant: "What factors contribute to the adaptation of a novice teacher in a general education school?" and "What support system is needed for the successful adaptation of novice teachers in general education schools?".This article, without excluding other possibilities and probabilities, will examine the factors contributing to and hindering the successful adaptation process of novice teachers who started working in general education schools, the offer of support measures from both a historical and contemporary perspective, choosing the situation of the Latvian state as the basis for the study. The importance of the support system for the successful adaptation of novice teachers will also be highlighted. The research is based on the study of theoretical literature and the personal experience of the author of the publication (as a novice teacher).The aim of the article is to study the offer of existing support systems for novice teachers, based on periodicals, various scientific publications, legislative regulations, OECD and other educational studies, as well as the content analysis of other historical sources, and to identify elements of the model of successful adaptation of novice teachers. This will become the basis for further empirical research, the result of which will be the development of an adaptation model for novice teachers. The research method: theoretical analysis of scientific literature and sources. As a result of theoretical research, based on the content analysis of various historical sources and international research, the following elements of the support system have been identified as the most important: participation in mentoring introductory programmes, the attraction of a teacher-mentor from an educational institution, introductory training, opportunities for self-expression, the quality of mutual relations in the school team. More on these and other aspects of the adaptation of novice teachers in the main part of the article.It should be noted that the study was conducted within the framework of the educational situation in Latvia, therefore, further research would be necessary to confirm the results in the international educational context.
Short bowel syndrome: current understanding and principles of treatment and nutritional support
Authors: Borisov Alexandr Yu. , Rybina Dina M. , Shestopalov Aleksandr E. , Gapparova Kamilat M. , Chekhonina Yulia G.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of short bowel syndrome is demonstrated by a great number of patients with it in the overall structure of acute abdominal pathologies, high incidence of intestinal failure syndrome with maldigestion and malabsorption, severe nutrient deficiencies, severe complications, and significant mortality. The main treatment modalities discussed in the paper, including the principles of nutritional support, can reduce the incidence and severity of severe protein energy malnutrition and related complications and significantly improve the quality of life of patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Search and analysis of trends in the development of treatment methods, dietary nutrition specifics, rehabilitation and nutritional support in patients with short bowel syndrome. To highlight the modern scientific base, a search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and eLlibrary systems for the period from 2013 to 2024. The search provided 42 sources that met the requirements. The paper reviews the main pathological syndromes, pathogenetic mechanisms of nutritional deficiency in SBS, modern surgical and drug therapy approaches to the treatment of this disease to improve absorption, as well as the main principles of nutritional support, i.e. the main issues and approaches in dietary nutrition, and the use of parenteral and enteral nutrition methods in the complex treatment of patients with SBS.
TSS-strategy for starting nutritional support in critically ill patients
Authors: Ershov Vadim  I. , Dobrynin Aleksey S.
Published: December 2024

Protein energy malnutrition in critically ill patients affects their condition to a large extent, increasing the probability of infections and death. It significantly prolongs their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nutritional support in ICU is central in the treatment. Nutritional and metabolic support is regulated by care standards in anesthesiology and critical and emergency care. Therefore, updating and systematizing the knowledge on nutritional support in ICU is key to improving the care quality.
In this scientific review, we analyzed relevant domestic and foreign publications on malnutrition. Then a TSS-strategy (timely, stepwise, and specific) was devised for the start of nutritional support with enteral nutrition in critically ill patients. The strategy was based on 2023 guideline by European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN).
“Timely” means early start of nutritional support in critically ill patients. “Stepwise” suggests that an algorithm for adding protein and energy in increments be followed to prevent overfeeding the patient during the first 24 hours in ICU. “Specific” refers to the use of high-nitrogen formulas with moderate caloric content that were developed specifically for critically ill patients.
We hereby suggest a strategy for nutritional support start that is fully in line with current clinical guidelines and allows achieving better outcomes when treating critically ill patients.
In memory of professor Tamara Sergeevna Popova (1941–2024)
Authors: Sviridov Sergey V
Published: December 2024

The Russian Association for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (RSPEN), the Editorial Board, and the Editorial Council of the Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism journal inform you with deep sadness that Tamara Sergeevna Popova, DSc (Biol), Professor, laureate of the USSR State Prize and the Prize of the Moscow City Mayor’s Office, passed away on January 1, 2024.
Professor T.S. Popova stood at the origins of the creation of the Russian Association for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition and was its president for two decades.
T.S. Popova was the author of more than 350 publications, 25 author certificates, and 14 patents. Her developments concerning intestinal failure syndrome have become a classic not only in Russian medicine, but also in many European countries. The name of Professor T.S. Popova is associated with key state programs, projects, and guidelines and orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Many years of Professor Tamara Sergeevna Popova’s work have been summarized in two editions of the Russian National Guidance to Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition.
The editorial board of the Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism journal expresses its deep condolences to the family and friends of T.S. Popova.
Turist Deneyiminin Davranışsal Niyete Etkisi: Horma Kanyonu Örneği
Authors: Yordam Selda , Sevim Burhan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada turist deneyiminin davranışsal niyet üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma Horma Kanyonu’nu ziyaret eden turistler ekseninde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 06.05.2023-25.06.2023 tarihleri arasında Horma Kanyonu’nu ziyaret eden turistlerden kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 401 katılımcıya anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda yapılan analizler sonucunda, deneyimin alt boyutlarından eğlence ve estetik deneyimlerin davranışsal niyet üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eğitim ve kaçış deneyimlerinin ise davranışsal niyet üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda teorik ve uygulamaya yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Consensus and Dissension Among Economists on the Economics, the Government and the Market: the Case of Turkey
Authors: Çevik Savaş , Umutlu Hasan
Published: December 2024

This study examines the degree of consensus among Turkish economists on basic assumptions and methods of economics, the relative role of the government and the market, and contemporary economic policies. The data used in the study were collected through survey implemented to academic economists employed in Turkish universities. The study is the first survey of economics, economic and economic and finance academics in Turkey. The results reveal that Turkish economists have some degree of consensus in most of the propositions on the basic precepts and methodology of mainstream economics. The direction of consensus implies a critical position on the approach and method of mainstream economics. There is no consensus in most of the propositions regarding the market-government relationship. Average weighted opinions are not only in the favor of redistribution, but also in support of the private sector in the economy and competitiveness. In comparison with previous studies based on samples from developed nations, Turkish economists seem to be more supportive of government intervention and redistribution.
Vergiden Kaçınma Stratejisinin Firma Değeri Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: Burgaz Neslihan
Published: December 2024

Çalışmanın amacı, firmaların vergiden kaçınma stratejilerinin firma değeri üzerindeki etkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde ortaya koymaktır. Türkiye’deki firmaların vergiden kaçınma stratejilerinin firma değerine etkilerini tespit etmek amacıyla Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören 70 firma üzerinde panel veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Firmaların finansman kararlarında vergiden kaçınma stratejisinin firma değeri üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilirken, kaldıraç oranı, cari oran ve firma büyüklüğü de kontrol değişkenleri olarak panel veri analizi kapsamında test edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, vergiden kaçınma arttıkça firma değerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, firmaların kaldıraç ve cari oranı düştükçe firma değerinin arttığı, firmanın büyüklüğü arttıkça da firma değerinin pozitif yönde etkilendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Türkiye'deki firmalar açısından vergiden kaçınma Stratejisinin firma değeri üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen çalışmaların sınırlı olması nedeniyle, bu çalışmanın literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Investigation of the effects of heat treatment on medium density fiberboard (MDF)
Authors: Yazıcı Hikmet , Peker Hüseyin , Özalp Murat
Published: December 2024

In particular, materials such as medium density fiberboard (MDF) have advantages such as high strength, homogeneous structure and easy processability, but disadvantages such as sensitivity to water and formaldehyde emission. To minimize these disadvantages and increase the durability of the material, methods such as heat treatment are used. This study was carried out to determine the effect of heat treatment at different temperatures on water swelling and formaldehyde emission values of MDF samples. Fiberboards with a thickness of 18 mm were used in the experiments. The fiberboard samples used in this study were kept at 120 °C, 150 °C and 180 °C for 2, 4 and 6 hours respectively. It was observed that water swelling and formaldehyde emission values decreased with increasing time and temperature in heat treatment.
Ekstraksiyon reçinesinden (Crude wood resin) AlCl3 eşliğinde fenolik reçinelerin polimerizasyonu ve modellenmesi
Authors: Genç Merve , Angın Naile , Aksakal Muhammed Yusuf , Ertaş Murat , Aras Ömür
Published: December 2024

Artan çevre sorunlarıyla birlikte, çevreye toksik etkisi daha az olan ve biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen doğal polimerlere olan ilgi her geçen gün artmaktadır. Doğal reçine, gelecek vaat eden değerli yenilenebilir bir odun dışı orman ürünü olup, birçok biyokimyasal ürünün üretilmesinde doğal bir kaynak olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yenilikçi bir polimerizasyon tekniği ile ekstraksiyon reçinesi (Crude Wood Resin), terebentin ve fenolden AlCl3 eşliğinde terpen-rosin fenolik reçine (TRFR) sentezlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Sentez aşamasına geçmeden önce ham reçine distilasyon ile terebentin ve kolofana ayrılmış ve gaz kromotografi - kütle spektroskopisi (GC-MS) cihazı ile karakterize edilmiştir. Sentezlenen TRFR örnekleri, Fourier Dönüşümü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi (FTIR), Nükleer Manyetik Rezonans Spektroskopisi (NMR), asit sayısı, sabunlaşma sayısı ve yumuşama noktası analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Ayrıca, sentez reaksiyonlarının modellemesi Yapay Sinir Ağı (YSA) 2 girdi (sıcaklık ve terebentin/ekstraksiyon reçine oranı) ve 4 çıktı (reaksiyon verimi, asit değeri, sabunlaşma değeri ve yumuşama noktası) ile tasarlanmıştır. En yüksek reaksiyon verimi 60°C’de üretilen, terebentin/ekstraksiyon reçine oranının 1/2 olduğu örnekte bulunmuştur. En düşük asit ve sabunlaşma değerleri sırasıyla 90,79 ve 103,79 mg KOH/g olarak hesaplanmıştır. En yüksek yumuşama noktası 79°C olarak bulunmuştur.
A new approach to the ecotourism potential of Yusufeli district within the framework of AHP-SWOT
Authors: Yılmaz İnci Zeynep , Demirci Ufuk
Published: December 2024

In this study, it is aimed to determine what can be realized in the scope of ecotourism in Yusufeli district of Artvin, which has moved to a new settlement. For this purpose, A'WOT analysis, in which SWOT analysis and AHP method are used together, was used in the study. In this context, firstly, a SWOT matrix was formed with the support of the relevant literature. In order to determine the degree of importance of the matrix factors, the AHP method was used and the opinions of local tour agencies, academicians, NGOs, local administrators in the region and managers at the Yusufeli Forest Management Directorate who live in Yusufeli district or have information about Yusufeli district were obtained. According to the results of the study, while the strengths of Yusufeli district are the presence of places with magnificent natural beauty, the presence of places that will serve the belief and cultural heritage with historical importance and the presence of places based on river tourism (rafting, canoeing, boat tours, etc.) (33.3%); the weakest aspect is lack of activities for activities such as accommodation, pensions, restaurants, tour trips, etc. due to the relocation to a new settlement and the lack of related promotions (59.4%). In addition, the fact that Yusufeli district allows different ecotourism activities (41.3%) is seen as the biggest opportunity, while the relocation of the old Yusufeli district to another place due to dam construction (41.3%) is seen as the biggest threat.
Kastamonu ve Sinop bölgesi karaçam meşcereleri için çap dağılımlarının ekorejyon bazlı incelenmesi
Authors: Seki Mehmet , Sakıcı Oytun Emre
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma kapsamında, Kastamonu ve Sinop Bölge Müdürlükleri sınırları içerisindeki üç farklı ekorejyonda yayılış yapan doğal ve saf Karaçam (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) meşcerelerine ilişkin çap dağılımları incelenmiş ve modellenmiştir. Çalışma materyali olarak 274 adet örnek alan verisinden faydalanılmış ve her bir örnek alanın çap dağılımlarının modellenmesi amacıyla beş farklı olasılık yoğunluk fonksiyonuna (Johnson SB, Gamma-2p, Gamma-3p, Weibull-2p ve Weibull-3p) ilişkin parametre tahminleri yapılmıştır. Olasılık yoğunluk fonksiyonlarının tahmin başarıları Hata İndeksi (e), Ki-kare (X2), Anderson-Darling (AD) ve Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) yardımıyla belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve bu ölçütlere göre örnek alanlara ilişkin rölatif başarı sıralamalarının ortalamaları üç farklı ekorejyon için ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Johnson SB fonksiyonunun tüm ekorejyonlar için oldukça başarılı sonuçlar verdiği belirlenmiştir.
Intrauterine fetal demise: unravelling an obstetric enigma
Authors: N. Sunanda , S. Sowmya
Published: December 2024

Background: Intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) is an obstetric catastrophe which is immensely distressing to the pregnant women. Intrauterine fetal death refers to babies with no signs of life in utero. It is a significant indicator of maternal and perinatal health of the population. This study aims at assessing the incidence and possible maternal, fetal and placental factors predisposing to Intrauterine fetal death.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted on pregnant women with Intrauterine fetal demise during study period of 1 year from June 1st 2023 to June 1st 2024 at MMCRI, Mysore. The data was collected from previous records of 170 IUFD cases from 6944 births. The parameters assessed were age, parity, gestational age and the probable etiology.
Results: The most common maternal cause of IUFD was Hypertensive disorders (31.7%) followed by Diabetes (15.2%) and idiopathic category (15.2%). The most common fetal cause was IUGR (8.2%) and most common placental cause was placenta previa (11.7%).
Conclusion: In our study, the incidence of IUFD was found to be 2.4% and the most common attributed cause was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes which were mostly preventable by early referrals, prompt diagnosis and timely interventions.
Camylofin 50 mg and Paracetamol 325 mg in patients with acute colicky abdominal pain: a prospective and open-label study
Authors: Chandravati
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute colicky abdominal pain (AP), resulting from the sudden spasm of hollow viscera, is frequently managed with a combination of analgesics and antispasmodics. Camylofin is an anti-spasmodic medication whereas paracetamol is a widely prescribed analgesic and antipyretic for managing mild-to-moderate pain. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of camylofin 50 mg and Paracetamol 325 mg in alleviating acute colicky abdominal pain.
Methods: In this prospective, single-arm, open-label study, 100 female patients aged 18-65 with acute colicky abdominal pain were administered one tablet thrice daily for 3-5 days of camylofin 50 mg and paracetamol 325 mg daily for 3-5 days. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline, Day 3 and Day 5.
Results: A significant reduction was observed in the mean VAS scores from baseline (77.8) to Day 5 (4.0) (p<0.001). At day 5, 83.0% of patients reported no pain, with minimal adverse events (2% fever and 1% headache with fever). There was a significant change (-27.5) in mean pain intensity VAS score before (77.8) and after (50.2) medication, p<0.001. The percentage change in the mean pain intensity based on VAS score was highest in subjects with urinary AP (97.4%), followed by menstrual AP (94.9%) and unexplained AP (94.5%). 
Conclusions: The FDC of camylofin 50 mg and Paracetamol 325 mg is significantly effective in managing acute colicky abdominal pain, providing rapid and substantial pain relief with minimal adverse events.
Correlation of histopathological findings in azoospermic males undergoing microsurgical testicular sperm extraction and sperm retrieval rate: a retrospective study
Authors: Mishra Devanshi , Vyas Sameer , Keshri Rajshree
Published: December 2024

Background: Male factor is the sole cause of infertility in 20% cases, and a contributory cause in 30-40% cases of infertility. Azoospermia is the absence of sperms in semen and it affects around 1% males. With the advent of procedures like testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) and microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (M-TESE), surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) has been made possible and such men can father their own genetic offspring with the help ofiIn vitro-fertilization-intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI). Tissue can also be cryopreserved for use in future. Histopathological evaluation of testicular tissue obtained on diagnostic testicular biopsy/ M-TESE can help to predict the probability of finding sperms, the underlying etiology of azoospermia and also to establish obstructive (OA) cause when in doubt.
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of database of 34 azoospermic males who underwent MTESE between year 2015- 2023 and for whom histopathology was done.
Results: In this study, SSR rate was 41.17%. The most common histopathological finding was Sertoli cell only syndrome in 41.1% cases (sperm retrieval rate 14.2%) followed by normal spermatogenesis in 17% cases (sperms found in 100% cases). Maturation arrest was found in 11.7% cases with sperms found in 25% cases. The study is limited by small sample size.
Conclusions: The histopathology of testicular tissue can provide valuable insights into predicting SSR rate and establishing diagnosis of OA etiology in azoospermia.
Comparison between ultrasound and MRI in antenatal diagnosis of adherent placenta
Authors: Natarajan Sundari , Nagarajan Deepika
Published: December 2024

Background: Placental imaging using ultrasonography and MRI with various parameters provides information about abnormal placentation. Prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PAS) is of paramount importance to minimize complication rate and improve outcome of delivery. The aim of our study is to compare the accuracy between ultrasound and MRI in antenatal diagnosis of adherent placenta.
Methods: Prospective study was conducted on 50 pregnant women with persistent placenta previa (after 28 weeks of gestation) at Madurai Medical college and Government Rajaji Hospital for period of 18 months. All patients underwent grey scale and doppler USG and MRI. Hemodynamically unstable patients were excluded from the study.
Results: Out of 50 patients of placenta previa, 21 patients were found to have adherent placenta intraoperatively which was subsequently confirmed by HPE. Of this, 16 patients were found to have placenta accreta, 2 patients were found to have placenta increta and 3 patients were found to have placenta percreta. USG predicts possibility of accreta spectrum in 14 out of 21 patients (67% sensitivity). In addition to grey scale ultrasound alone, combined grey scale and colour doppler ultrasound increases sensitivity to 71.4%. MRI predicts possibility of accreta spectrum in 21 out of 21 patients (100% sensitivity). Taking important parameter of retroplacental myometrial thinning in both USG and MRI, specificity approaches 100%.
Conclusions: MRI was a confirming tool for all cases suspected to have placenta accreta spectrum disorders and has higher sensitivity when compared to ultrasonography.
A study of efficacy of pap smear in a rural medical college and hospital
Authors: D. Chinmaye , Menasinkai Sharada B. , N. H. Veena
Published: December 2024

Background: To screen women for cervical cancer using pap smear technique in rural medical college and hospital. To compare the results with other studies early diagnosis of precancerous lesion of carcinoma of cervix To bring awareness among public. Cervical screening using age, symptoms, per speculum examination as parameters and to compare results with other studies.
Methods: In this retrospective study, reports of pap smear test, which was done to women attending obstetrics and gynaecology clinic in the period January 2024 to August 2024, was obtained from department of pathology of Adichunchanagiri institute of medical sciences, B. G. Nagara. During this period total of 620 smears were assessed.
Results: 38.01% had white discharge per vagina, 67.76% had other symptoms like irregular menstrual cycle, abdominal pain, intermenstrual bleeding, secondary amenorrhea etc, 9.2% had no symptoms. Total of 31 (5.12%) smears were found abnormal. Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in 2.4%, Atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) in 1.32%, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in 0.66% and high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 0.33%.
Conclusions: Pap smear is a simple, cost effective, easily accessible screening test which has to be utilised for early detection and treatment of precancerous lesions of carcinoma cervix. Awareness among rural people regarding benefits of screening test has to be made and encourage them to participate
Analysis of maternal and fetal outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sharma Shuchi , Das Jayita , Sharma Reena
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. Glycemic control throughout pregnancy and a late-pregnancy HbA1c level <6.5 percent leads to reduced rates of adverse obstetrical and neonatal outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri medical college Mandi, Himachal Pradesh for a period of one and half years from 1st January 2023 to 30th June 2024. All the pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were included in the study.
Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 128 (2.02%). The most common age group was 26-30 years. There were 7.8% obese and 90.6% over weight patients. Most of the patients (54.68%) were treated by medical nutrition therapy (MNT) followed by insulin (34.3%). The most common maternal complication was hypertension (15.6%) and 31.25% babies had admission in neonatal care unit. 10 (7.8%) babies had birth asphyxia and neonatal death.
Conclusions: Single step screening with 75 gm OGTT is being followed in our state and the universal screening has improved the maternal and neonatal outcomes with GDM. Enhanced screening, timely intervention and motivation of the GDM patients on diet control, metformin or insulin to achieve euglycaemia can reduce maternal, fetal and neonatal complications.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a 30-year-old woman on medroxyprogesterone acetate: a case report
Authors: Magala Gloire Chubaka , Offoumou Fiacre Delors , Felandine Kouassi Roseline Mohou , Kadjo Cédric Valery , Balungwe Marceline Sifa , Aka Arlette Désirée , Amon-Tanoh Muriel , Yapo-Ehounoud Constance , Tanoh Abel Christian , Doumbia-Ouattara Mariam , Aka-Anghui Diarra Évelyne , Assi Berthe
Published: December 2024

About 80% of patients diagnosed with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) exhibit a prothrombotic risk factor or an identifiable direct cause. The use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) is well recognized as a significant risk factor among women. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that progestins, whether administered alone or in conjunction with ethinyl estradiol, are also linked to an increased risk of venous thrombosis. This study presents the first documented case in Ivory Coast of cerebral venous thrombosis in a young woman without any other identifiable prothrombotic risk factors, who was receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), a long-acting injectable progestin contraceptive. The patient, a 30-year-old right-handed female, was utilizing a progestin-based contraceptive method (medroxyprogesterone acetate, PROVERA DEPO) administered quarterly. At the time of her admission to the neurology department, she was receiving her second injection and presented with recent, atypical headaches that escalated rapidly. The neurological examination upon admission revealed signs of intracranial hypertension and a spastic pyramidal syndrome affecting the left side. Neuroimaging studies, including CT and MRI, identified cerebral venous thromboses in the right sinus and the superior sagittal sinus. Further investigations did not reveal any abnormalities associated with thrombophilia, autoimmune disorders, neoplasms, or infections. The patient received anticoagulant therapy at an effective dosage for a duration of six months, resulting in a reduction of headaches and the resolution of motor deficits. Any neurological event in a patient receiving Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, necessitates a neuroimaging evaluation to rule out the presence of CVST.
A rare case of a giant ovarian dermoid cyst in a 65-year-old woman: a case report
Authors: N. Sunanda , Janvekar Sadafara
Published: December 2024

Ovarian dermoid cysts, or mature cystic teratomas, are benign germ cell tumors containing tissues derived from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. While common in younger women, they are rare in postmenopausal individuals, with a small percentage exhibiting malignant potential. We present a case of a 65-year-old postmenopausal woman with a six-month history of an abdominal mass and intermittent pain. Physical examination revealed a large abdominopelvic mass, and imaging studies identified a 16.5×13.9×16.4 cm heterogenous solid mass arising from the left ovary, diagnosed as a dermoid cyst. Surgical intervention confirmed a 25×20×15 cm cyst containing characteristic contents, necessitating total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Similar cases in postmenopausal women underscore the diagnostic challenge and need for prompt evaluation and management. Imaging modalities such as ultrasound and CT scan play crucial roles in diagnosis, revealing typical features like fat components and dermoid mesh. Surgical excision remains the mainstay treatment, balancing risks of spillage and recurrence. This case highlights the importance of considering dermoid cysts in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses in postmenopausal women. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to prevent complications associated with these rare but potentially substantial ovarian tumors.
Case report on accessary and cavitated uterine mass-a rare form of mullerian anomaly
Authors: Kalokhe Chaitali , Bhosale Abhijeet
Published: December 2024

Accessory and cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) are a rare form of developmental Mullerian anomaly seen in young females with chief complaints of chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. Imaging modalities, including hysterosalpingography (HSG), ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) forms the mainstay for diagnosis of this condition. It is an accessory cavity in otherwise normal uterus. It is lined by normal functional endometrium and surrounded by myometrium- like smooth muscle cells hence, it has macroscopic and microscopic resemblance to the uterus. In most of the cases, surgical treatment is recommended due to relieve the severe dysmenorrhea.
A unique case of fetal situs inversus totalis with associated malformations
Authors: Megalamane Bharath , Menasinkai Sharada B.
Published: December 2024

Situs inversus totalis is a congenital positional anomaly characterized by transposition of abdominal and thoracic viscera. It refers to inverted position of internal organs. It can be either total or partial. Situs inversus totalis is also termed as Situs inversus with dextrocardia. Here, we are reporting autopsy findings of an anomalous male fetus of 17 weeks gestation born to a 27 years old woman who was gravida 3, para 1 and abortion 1. Prenatal ultrasound was done and was diagnosed as Situs inversus totalis associated with cleft lip and palate, short corpus callosum. After termination of pregnancy in Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology AIMS Hospital fetus was sent to Anatomy department for autopsy. The detailed information was noted down from the case sheet of mother. The formalin was injected to cranial, thoracic and abdominal cavity. After fixation, the autopsy was done following the standard protocol. It was noted that thorax viscera were trans positioned, left lung was trilobed, right lung was bilobed and cardia on right side of thoracic cavity. The abdominal viscera were trans positioned with liver, gall bladder, caecum, appendix, ascending colon on left side and stomach, spleen, pancreas, descending and sigmoid colon on right side. Midline malformations, such as cleft lip and cleft palate were noted. Brain was not fixed well and corpus callosum could not be visualized. Situs inversus totalis is the rarest congenital anomaly. Exact etiology is unknown. Its incidence is 0.01%. Various modalities such as Ultrasonography, computed tomography can be used to diagnose situs inversus.
The natural flavone quercetin: An extensive analysis of its pharmacological mechanisms and medicinal prospects
Authors: Gupta Krishna Radheshyam , Thombre Kalyani , Sukhdeve Sudhanshu , Sakharwade Pavan , Raut Aparna , Siddiqui Amaanullah , Umekar Mimind
Published: December 2024

Natural flavonoid quercetin is widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants. It has attracted much interest due to its wide range of biological advantages and potential as a treatment for several illnesses. To better understand the mechanisms behind the therapeutic of effects quercetin in cancer, obesity, diabetes, and osteoporosis, this review attempts to present a thorough overview of these mechanisms. By promoting osteoblast differentiation, reducing osteoclast activity, and increasing bone mineral density, quercetin shows promise as a protective agent against bone loss in osteoporosis. Its anti-inflammatory properties also help to reduce the risk of fracture and bone resorption linked to osteoporosis. Through its targeting of various signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis, quercetin shows promising anti-cancer properties in cancer. Moreover, its effectiveness in reducing the progression of cancer is attributed to its capacity to regulate inflammation and oxidative stress. Through its effects on adipocyte differentiation, glucose uptake, insulin signalling, and lipid metabolism, quercetin shows anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects in obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities of quercetin are essential in reducing the negative effects of obesity on insulin resistance and the complications associated with diabetes. In summary, this review offers valuable implications for the development of quercetin-based therapeutics and nutraceuticals for disease management by shedding light on the complex mechanisms through which quercetin exerts its biological benefits in different disease contexts.
Making Meaning from Historical Fiction Picturebooks about Indonesian Heroes
Authors: Parlindungan Firman , Short Kathy
Published: December 2024

We investigated how children make meaning as they read historical fiction picturebooks. Three teachers and a total of 61 students from three different regions of Indonesia participated. We collected field notes, video recordings, and artifacts through read-alouds and subsequent response activities. The findings show that students explored the books by actively engaging in conversations about misconceptions of gender and schooling, connections of the past and the present, and negotiation of moral values and emotions within the fabric of Aceh Province’s history and Indonesian society. It highlights that historical fiction picturebooks can encourage students to think critically about their history and culture to make sense of the world they live in today.