bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Waves on Microcirculation and Angiogenesis in the in vivo Wound Model of the Diver Box
Authors: Sorg Heiko , Zwetzich Inga , Tilkorn Daniel Johannes , Kolbenschlag Jonas , Hauser Jörg , Goertz Ole , Spindler Nick , Langer Stefan , Ring Andrej
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Extracorporeal shock waves (ESWs) have been shown to have a positive effect on skin wound healing; however, little is known on the regeneration of the microcirculation and angiogenesis as well as the different application modes. Methods: A total of 40 BALB/c mice were provided with dorsal skin fold chambers and were divided into 3 therapy groups (n = 30) and one control group (n = 10). The 3 therapy groups were treated with shock waves at different pulse rates (500–1,000 pulses/min) and application frequencies (day 0 and day 6 or day 0 only). Photographic documentation and intravital microscopy were carried out on day 1, 2, 4, and 6 after wounding. Results: Using the newly developed Diver Box, shock waves could be applied in vivo without mechanical tissue damage. Shock wave therapy to skin wounds demonstrated to induce faster wound closure rates in the beginning than controls in groups with higher pulse rates and frequencies of the shock waves. Furthermore, the regeneration of microcirculation and perfusion in the healing skin was significantly improved after the application of, in particular, higher pulse rates as given by increased numbers of perfused capillaries and functional vessel density. The study of inflammation showed, especially in high-pulse ESW groups, higher leukocyte counts, and rolling leukocytes over time until day 6 as a response to the induction of inflammatory reaction after ESW application. Angiogenesis showed a marked increase in positive areas as given by sprouts, coils, and recruitments in all ESW groups, especially between days 4 and 6. Conclusion: The major findings of this trial demonstrate that ESW therapy to skin wounds is effective and safe. This is demonstrated by the initially faster wound closure rate, but later the same wound closure rate in the treatment groups than in controls. Furthermore, during the regeneration of microcirculation and perfusion in the healing skin, a significant improvement was observed after the application of, in particular, higher ESW pulse rates, suggesting an ESW-related increase in nutrient and oxygen supply in the wound tissue.
Homeopathic Treatment for COVID-19-Related Symptoms: A Case Series
Authors: Kurd Ramzi , Freed Yakov , Jarjoui Amir , Izbicki Gabriel , Levin Philip , Helvitz Yigal , Sherr Jeremy , Oberbaum Menachem
Published: September 2021

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) is a novel infectious disease, which has quickly developed into a pandemic. The spectrum of COVID-19 symptoms is broad, ranging from a mild, self-limiting respiratory tract illness to severe progressive pneumonia, multi-organ failure and possible death. Despite much effort and multiple clinical trials, there are, to date, no specific therapeutic agents to treat or cure the coronavirus infection. Case Reports: The present paper presents 5 cases of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 infections, 2 of them hospitalized in the intensive care unit, who were successfully treated with homeopathy. Results: All 5 patients responded to homeopathic treatment in an unexpectedly short time span, improving both physically and mentally. Conclusion: The present case series emphasizes the rapidity of response among moderate to severely ill patients to homeopathic treatment, when conventional medical options have been unable to relieve or shorten the disease. The observations described should encourage use of homeopathy in treating patients with COVID-19 during the acute phase of the disease.
Colonization and Development of the Fecal Microflora of South China Tiger Cubs (Panthera tigris amoyensis) by Sequencing of the 16S rRNA Gene
Authors: Sun Yanfa , Yao Jie , Zhang Min , Chen Tengteng , Xu Weihua , Fu Wenyuan , Wu Qiong , Li Yan , Chen Xingxing , Zhu Yuting , Zhang Xuemei , Liu Lingyu , Chen Donghong , Wang Zhenyuan , You Zhangjing , Zhang Xuebing , Liu Yi , Lin Kaixiong , Lin Weiming
Published: September 2021

Postnatal colonization and development of the gut microbiota is linked to health and growth. A comprehensive understanding of the postnatal compositional changes and development of the microbial community is helpful to understand the gut health and improve the survival rate of South China tiger cubs (Panthera tigris amoyensis). Fecal samples from three tiger cubs were collected on the day of birth in 2018 (June 17–21 [G0], July 18 [G1], July 31 [G2], and August 7 [G3]). The 16S rRNA genes of the fecal microflora were sequenced. Results showed that 38 phyla, 58 classes, 134 orders, 272 families, and 636 genera of bacteria from 3,059 operational taxonomic units were identified from 12 fecal samples. The diversity and abundance of species of group G0 were significantly higher (p < 0.05 or 0.01) than those of groups G2 and G3. The predominant phylum was Proteobacteria in groups G0 and G1 (38.85% and 48%, respectively) and Firmicutes in groups G2 and G3 (71.42% and 75.29%, respectively). At the phylum level, the abundance of Deinococcus-Thermus was significantly decreased in groups G1, G2, and G3 as compared to group G0 (p < 0.05), while that of Firmicutes was significantly increased in groups G2 and G3 (p < 0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Faecalibacterium, Ralstonia, and unidentified Rickettsiales was significantly decreased in groups G1, G2, and G3 as compared with group G0 (p < 0.05), while that of Pseudomonas was significantly decreased in groups G2 and G3 (p < 0.05). The composition and structure of fecal microbiota of South China tiger cubs changed after birth.
Gestational Weight Gain Influences the Adipokine-Oxidative Stress Association during Pregnancy
Authors: Solis Paredes Juan Mario , Perichart Perera Otilia , Montoya Estrada Araceli , Reyes Muñoz Enrique , Espino y Sosa Salvador , Ortega Castillo Veronica , Medina Bastidas Diana , Tolentino Dolores Maricruz , Sanchez Martinez Maribel , Nava Salazar Sonia , Estrada Gutierrez Guadalupe
Published: September 2021

Introduction and Objective: The weight gained during pregnancy could determine the immediate and future health of the mother-child dyad. Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) due to abnormal adipose tissue (AT) accumulation is strongly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes as gestational diabetes, macrosomia, obesity, and hypertension further in life. Dysregulation of adipokine, AT dysfunction, and an imbalance in the prooxidant-antioxidant systems are critical features in altered AT accumulation. This study was aimed to investigate the association between adipokines and oxidative stress markers in pregnant women and the influence of the GWG on this association. Methods: Maternal blood samples were obtained in the third trimester of pregnancy (n = 74) and serum adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, and resistin), oxidative damage markers: 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), lipohydroperoxides (LOOH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and carbonylated proteins (CP), and glucose a metabolic marker were measured. Results: Women with EGWG had low adiponectin levels than women with adequate weight gain (AWG) or insufficient weight gain (IWG). Multiple linear regression models revealed a positive association between adiponectin and 8-oxodG in women with AWG (B = 1.09, 95% CI: 164–222, p = 0.027) and IWG (B = 0.860, 95% CI: 0.199–1.52, p = 0.013) but not in women with EGWG. In women with EGWG, leptin was positively associated with LOOH (p = 0.018), MDA (p = 0.005), and CP (p = 0.010) oxidative markers. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that concurrent mechanisms regulate adipokine production and oxidative stress in pregnant women and that this regulation is influenced by GWG, probably due to an excessive AT accumulation.
Anagen Effluvium after Neurointerventional Radiation: Trichoscopy as a Diagnostic Ally
Authors: Guerrero-Putz María D. , Flores-Dominguez Ana C. , Castillo-de la Garza Rodrigo J. , Figueroa-Sanchez Jose A. , Tosti Antonella , Garza-Rodríguez Verónica
Published: September 2021

Minimally invasive procedures for vascular brain lesions are being performed more frequently. Radiation exposure caused by endovascular embolization of cerebral aneurysms may give rise to nonscarring scalp alopecia located in the treated area. Clinical and trichoscopic features of this type of alopecia are similar to alopecia areata (AA). Herein, we performed a comprehensive review to describe the clinical and trichoscopic characteristics of radiation-induced anagen effluvium. Predominant trichoscopic findings include black dots, yellow dots, short vellus hairs, and absence of exclamation marks hairs. It is important to consider this diagnosis in patients who have recently undergone such procedures that can easily be misdiagnosed as AA.
Risk Stratification of Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Specimens Performed without Radiologic Guidance by Application of the International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytopathology
Authors: Sarangi Sujata , Rao Meenakshi , Elhence Poonam Abhay , Nalwa Aasma , Bharti Jyotsna N. , Khera Sudeep , Vedant Deepak , Vishwajeet Vikarn , Vishnoi Jeewan Ram , Sharma Naveen , Pareek Puneet
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective: The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system for reporting breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytopathology has been proposed to standardize breast FNAB reporting. The aim of this study was to categorize breast FNAB cases performed by palpation without radiological guidance according to the IAC system, establish the risk of malignancy (ROM) for the categories and assess the system’s utility, pitfalls, and implications in low-resource/financial constraint settings. Methods: A retrospective analysis of palpation-guided FNAB of breast lesions performed without radiological guidance between January 2016 and December 2019 was carried out and was correlated with follow-up biopsies wherever available. A total of 1,089 cases were recategorized using the IAC Yokohama system. Histopathology follow-up was available for 400 cases. The data were analysed for ROM, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results and Discussion: Out of 1,089 cases, 4.3% (n = 47) cases were categorized as insufficient, 82% (n = 893) as benign, 2.8% (n = 31) as atypical, 2.7% (n = 29) as suspicious of malignancy, and 8.2% (n = 89) as malignant. Some 400 cases had a follow-up biopsy, based on which, the ROM for the categories were 33.3%, 0.4%, 37.5%, 96%, and 100%. The NPV for the benign category was 99.6%. The PPV of the malignant category was 100%, that of combined suspicious of malignancy and malignant categories was 99%, and of combined atypical, suspicious of malignancy, and malignant was 90.6%. Conclusion: The IAC Yokohama system is useful in standardizing the reporting of cytopathology of breast lesions. FNAB with radiological guidance is ideal but in cases of finance/resource constraints, FNAB by palpation alone is satisfactory if the test result is in the benign, suspicious of malignancy, or malignant categories, which constitute 91.5% of the cases in this study. A repeat ultrasound-guided FNAB and/or core needle biopsy should be recommended for cases in the insufficient/inadequate or atypical categories.
Prevalence of Regional Lymph Node Metastasis of Mucosal Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of the Collaborative Stage Data Survey of the Korean Central Cancer Registry
Authors: Jeong Seok-Hoo , Kim Jin Woo , Kim Hee Man
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Patients with very early-stage gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) are eligible for minimally invasive treatment, like endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, population-based data on regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis of gastric SRC are lacking. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of LNM and distant metastasis in mucosal cancer (T1a) of gastric SRC. Methods: The Collaborative Stage Data Survey was performed by the Korean Center of Cancer Registry between 2010 and 2015 to establish collaborative stage data of the stomach, colon, rectum, rectosigmoid junction, and breast. From the survey data, information on patients with gastric SRC was extracted for analysis. Variables including age, sex, diagnosis date, primary site, tumor size, histology, American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system scores, and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results summary stage were analyzed. Results: A total of 1,335 (65.7%) patients had mucosal gastric SRC, and 1,189 (89.1%) patients had surgery and 134 (10%) had endoscopic treatment. Of them, 1,283 (96.1%) patients did not have regional LNM, and 52 (3.9%) patients had regional LNM and 6 (0.4%) had distant metastasis. The hazard ratios of LNM and distant metastasis were 14.98 (95% CI: 4.18–53.2) and 10.09 (95% CI: 2.30–44.17). Conclusions: Reginal LNM and distant metastasis occur very less in mucosal gastric SRC, but they are associated with an increased risk of cancer-related death. Even in early stage, surgery should be considered as a standard treatment of mucosal gastric SRC.
Resiliência e sustentabilidade: desafios do fazer teatral de grupos de teatro do interior de São Paulo
Authors: Souza Giovanna Pereira de , Possani Maria Alice
Published: September 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo discutir os fatores que cercam os desafios do fazer teatral para grupos de teatro no interior de São Paulo, no que se refere à sustentabilidade e resiliência. A metodologia utilizada foi a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas de grupos com sede em munícipios pertencentes ao interior paulista, de maneira a contemplar diferentes regiões do estado. O trabalho buscou provocar uma reflexão que ampliasse os olhares para a pesquisa no campo das artes cênicas e demonstrar dados que ilustram conjecturas dos fatores em comum e diferenciais nos sujeitos desta pesquisa, quanto à resiliência e sustentabilidade, em se manter organizado como um grupo de teatro.
Memórias do Programa Vocacional: movimentos ao redor de emancipação, igualdade e política
Authors: Prata Miguel Atticciati
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo toma como ponto de partida fragmentos da revista Vocacional Memória: percorrendo vozes e ecos de um projeto público e a minha memória no Programa Vocacional da Prefeitura de São Paulo. Mirando essa política pública, lançada em 2001, o texto objetiva pensar espaços para a emancipação da pessoa. Tratando com Jacques Rancière da possibilidade de invenção de espaços para uma política da igualdade e lembrando com Michel de Montaigne o que um espaço pode guardar de inútil. Este artigo é interferido por fragmentos daquela revista e por um texto de Marina Corazza.
Políticas Públicas e Artes Cênicas: relações entre produção, mercado e Estado
Authors: Haddad Laura
Published: September 2021

Apresentação do Tema "Políticas Públicas e Artes Cênicas: relações entre produção, mercado e Estado".
O legado de Kowarick: convite ao compromisso com a pesquisa urbana
Authors: Pereira Vivian Prado
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em apontar as principais contribuições do autor para o campo da sociologia urbana brasileira. Para isso buscaremos resgatar a gênese da construção do urbano enquanto questão pelas ciências sociais brasileiras e o papel desempenhado por Kowarick tanto na ocasião da emergência do debate, quanto no desenrolar da construção do tema com o passar dos anos, refletindo sobre o legado por ele deixado. Cientes de que o reconhecimento por sua relevância analítica e seu pioneirismo se dá, em grande medida, por seu engajamento com a empiria e pela busca por interpretações consistentes acerca das características e nuances da realidade urbana brasileira, destacamos o entusiasmo do autor com o campo das pesquisas urbanas no Brasil e seu empenho para promover uma construção teórica coletiva. Resgatamos o convite aberto feito aos demais pesquisadores do urbano para firmar um compromisso de trabalho com a materialidade e com a construção de uma sociologia urbana autêntica e ajustada à experiência brasileira.
Pesquisando o teatro para bebês: desafios à educação e às artes na primeiríssima infância
Authors: Prado Patrícia Dias , Silva Adriele Nunes da
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta análises de pesquisa sobre o Teatro para bebês e suas relações com a educação na infância, concebendo-o como possibilidade de reconstrução do convívio na diferença, de educação estética e de formação humana, desde o nascimento. No desafio metodológico de construção de pesquisas com bebês e artistas, junto aos estudos sociais da infância, na interface com as artes, realizou-se pesquisa de campo com observação de mais de sessenta espetáculos infantis nacionais e estrangeiros, seus elementos cênicos, a atuação dos/as artistas e suas relações com a plateia, em especial, com as crianças e adultos/as, com registro em diário de campo e com seleção de quatro espetáculos brasileiros para bebês, para aprofundamento das observações e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os/as artistas. As análises abrem uma problemática central à constituição e legitimação dos/as bebês como espectadores/as emancipados/as, revelando novas concepções de infância que desafiam a educação e as artes na primeiríssima infância.
Resenha elaborada por Maria Catarina Chitolina Zanini
Authors: Zanini Maria Catarina Chitolina
Published: September 2021

GASPAR, Rafael Bezerra. O Eldorado dos gaúchos. Deslocamentos de agricultores do sul do país e seu estabelecimento no leste maranhense. São Luis: EDUFMA/FAPEMA, 2013.

TEXT REVIEW:

Rafael Bezerra Gaspar.
Dezessete Impactos da pandemia de Covid-19 nas migrações internacionais no Brasil
Authors: Demartini Zeila de Brito Fabri
Published: September 2021

O longo período da pandemia desde o início de 2020 até os dias atuais, acompanhado pelas incertezas quanto à sua eliminação, trouxe complexidades inimagináveis para o estudo dos deslocamentos no Brasil e no mundo. De repente, as mobilidades foram proibidas e interrompidas entre regiões e nações, enquanto o vírus circulava cada vez mais rápido.
Reflexões teóricas e metodológicas sobre pesquisas no campo da saúde mental e trabalho
Authors: Heloani Roberto , Silva Eduardo Pinto e
Published: September 2021

Discutem-se neste texto os aspectos teórico-metodológicos das pesquisas nas Ciências Sociais, com destaque às do campo da saúde mental e do trabalho. Aponta-se para a potencialidade da complementaridade da adoção de procedimentos quantitativos e qualitativos de pesquisa e do enfoque teórico interdisciplinar. O conceito de desgaste mental no trabalho dominado é elemento-chave para interlocuções de distintos modelos teóricos. Apresentamos uma análise comparativa de pesquisas com guardas municipais e jornalistas, de modo a ilustrar a pertinência de nossos argumentos. Concluímos apontando o potencial crítico e transformador da perspectiva histórico-dialética e psicodinâmica das pesquisas do campo da saúde mental e trabalho.
Long-Term Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Progression of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Their Correlation With Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Kalantarian Shadi , Åström Aneq Meriam , Svetlichnaya Jana , Sharma Shikha , Vittinghoff Eric , Klein Liviu , Scheinman Melvin M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Prior studies of structural and electrocardiographic changes in arrhythmogenic right ventricular (RV) cardiomyopathy and their role in predicting ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia) have shown conflicting results.

Methods:

We reviewed 405 ECGs, 315 transthoracic echocardiographies, and 441 implantable cardioverter defibrillator interrogations in 64 arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy patients (56% men, mean age [SD], 44.2 [14.6] years) over a mean follow-up of 10 (range, 2.3–19) years. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify the association between ECG abnormalities, clinical variables, and transthoracic echocardiographic measurements (>mild degree of tricuspid regurgitation, RV outflow tract diameter in parasternal long axis and short axis, RV end-diastolic area, fractional area change).

Results:

There was a 4.65 (95% CI, 0.51%–8.8%) increase in RV end-diastolic area, a 3.75 (95% CI, 1.17%–6.34%) decrease in fractional area change, and 1.9 (95% CI, 1.3–2.8) higher odds (odds ratio) of RV wall motion abnormality with every 5-year increase in age after patients’ first transthoracic echocardiography. >Mild tricuspid regurgitation was an independent predictor of RV enlargement and dysfunction (hazard ratio of >10% drop in fractional area change from baseline [95% CI], 3.51 [1.77–6.95] and hazard ratio of >10% increase in RV end-diastolic area from baseline [95% CI], 4.90 [2.52–9.52]). Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator were more likely to develop >mild tricuspid regurgitation and larger structural and functional disease progression. More pronounced increase in RV end-diastolic area was translated into higher rates of any ventricular tachycardia. Inferior T-wave inversions and sum of R waves (mm) in V1 to V3 were predictors of RV enlargement and dysfunction with the former also predicting risk of any ventricular tachycardia.

Conclusions:

Arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease. Tricuspid regurgitation is an independent predictor of structural disease progression, which may be exacerbated by use of a transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead.
Arterial Spin Labeling for the Etiological Workup of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Children
Authors: Hak Jean François , Boulouis Grégoire , Kerleroux Basile , Benichi Sandro , Stricker Sarah , Gariel Florent , Garzelli Lorenzo , Meyer Philippe , Kossorotoff Manoelle , Boddaert Nathalie , Vidal Vincent , Girard Nadine , Dangouloff Ros Volodia , Brunelle Francis , Blauwblomme Thomas , Naggara Olivier
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose:

Pediatric nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for half of stroke in children. Early diagnostic of the causative underlying lesion is the first step toward prevention of hemorrhagic recurrence. We aimed to investigate the performance of arterial spin labeling sequence (ASL) in the acute phase etiological workup for the detection of an arteriovenous shunt (AVS: including malformation and fistula), the most frequent cause of pediatric nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods:

Children with a pediatric nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage between 2011 and 2019 enrolled in a prospective registry were retrospectively included if they had undergone ASL-magnetic resonance imaging before any etiological treatment. ASL sequences were reviewed using cerebral blood flow maps by 2 raters for the presence of an AVS. The diagnostic performance of ASL was compared with admission computed tomography angiography, other magnetic resonance imaging sequences including contrast-enhanced sequences and subsequent digital subtraction angiography.

Results:

A total of 121 patients with pediatric nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage were included (median age, 9.9 [interquartile range, 5.8–13]; male sex 48.8%) of whom 76 (63%) had a final diagnosis of AVS. Using digital subtraction angiography as an intermediate reference, visual ASL inspection had a sensitivity and a specificity of, respectively, 95.9% (95% CI, 88.5%–99.1%) and 79.0% (95% CI, 54.4%–94.0%). ASL had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 90.2%, 97.2%, and 92.5%, respectively for the detection of the presence of an AVS, with near perfect interrater agreement (κ=0.963 [95% CI, 0.912–1.0]). The performance of ASL alone was higher than that of other magnetic resonance imaging sequences, individually or combined, and higher than that of computed tomography angiography.

Conclusions:

ASL has strong diagnostic performance for the detection of AVS in the initial workup of intracerebral hemorrhage in children. If our findings are confirmed in other settings, ASL may be a helpful diagnostic imaging modality for patients with pediatric nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: 3618210420, 2217698.
Reconsidering the Topography of al-Balīd (Oman): A Preliminary Review of the Graphical Documentation
Authors: D’Andrea Andrea
Published: September 2021

In the last 70 years several groups investigated the ancient site of al-Balīd. From Costa onwards all researchers placed their spatial data on the grid provided by the Italian archaeologist; in order to precise the positioning of the monuments and of the single excavations, the scholars sub-divided the original grid in smaller units. Jansen introduced a completely 3D digital recording system by the use of total station. Isenberg improved the information system using more sophisticated and accurate spatial technologies. From Jansen onwards all data were geo-referenced according to local cartographical coordinates. The paper focused on the graphical documentation provided by each research group and on the methodology underlying the data.
Srednii mir. L’eurasismo e la riflessione storica di Nicola Ottokar
Authors: Pubblici Lorenzo
Published: September 2021

Within the generation of Russian intellectuals, emigrated because of the Revolution and disseminated in universities all over the world, a new critical elaboration of Russian history was born. It was an authentic cultural movement; it called itself eurasianist, and their historical theses took the name of Eurasianism. For the Eurasianists, Russian history underwent an epochal turning point following the Mongol invasion and domination, which dragged Russian politics, economy, and culture towards Asia. It was the Asian cultural influence that dominated the most profound Russian spirit and made the country the beacon of future civilization, in contrast to Western decadent capitalist materialism. Nikolaj P. Ottokar was a highly respected specialist of medieval Florence, but he was also a Russian émigré, who desired to make his homeland known in a Western Europe that had an image of Russia mostly filtered through the most recent events and ideological paroxysm of those years. Ottokar belongs to that generation of exiles and dedicated two books (1936 and 1950) to Russia’s history. Through the analysis of those texts and the historical part that Ottokar wrote for the Italian Encyclopedia under Russia, this article (the first of a wider project on the Russian historian) aims to analyze Ottokar’s historical thought on Russia and understand whether or not the medievalist shared the eurasianist theses.
Greek Influences on Syriac and Contact-Induced Changes: Reflections on a Recent Book
Authors: Nicosia Mara
Published: September 2021

This paper reviews and comments upon a recent monograph by Aaron M. Butts on linguistic contacts between Greek and Syriac, Language Change in the Wake of Empire: this volume is also used as an opportunity to discuss the expectations for this kind of studies in the future years, and to reflect upon their past. The importance of Butts’ book as a crucial tool for the scholarly community involved in contact-induced studies is here highlighted. Butts offers a most welcome new and thorough analysis of the materials collected by his predecessors and adds his personal new data. This review article also provides a brief recollection of previous studies, that opened the way to Butts’ comprehensive approach.
A checklist of ciliates (Ciliophora) inhabiting on cnidarians
Authors: CHATTERJEE TAPAS , DOVGAL IGOR , FERNANDEZ-LEBORANS GREGORIO
Published: September 2021

A compilation of the ciliate epibiont species (Ciliophora) found on marine and fresh water cnidarians has been carried out based on published records. The checklist includes the taxonomic position of each species of epibiontic ciliate, the species of basibiont cnidarians, the geographic zones and the bibliographic references where they were recorded. Cnidarians, especially colonial sessile forms, represent suitable substrates for numerous sessile and vagile ciliates. Altogether 79 ciliate species belong to five classes viz. Spirotrichea, Heterotrichea, Phyllopharingea, Suctorea and Oligohymenophorea were listed. The most diverce as epibions on cnidarians are representatives of Suctorea with 41 species and Peritrichia (under the class Oligohymenophorea) with 25 species. Three species belong to class Spirotrichea, four Heterotrichea and one Phyllopharingea. Among the other representatives (except Peritrichia) of class Oligohymenophorea, four species belong to subclass Scutucociliatia, one species each in subclass Hymenostomatia and Apostomatia. One suctorian species Ophryodendron abietinum and two species of peritrichs, Cothurnia cordylophora and Rhabdostyla sertularium one Heterotrichea Halofolliculina corallasia and one Scutucociliatia Philaster guamensis are likely specific to cnidarian hosts only.
A new genus and two new species of Galumnidae (Acari, Oribatida) from Nepal
Authors: ERMILOV SERGEY G. , MARTENS JOCHEN
Published: September 2021

One new genus and two new species of oribatid mites (Oribatida) of the family Galumnidae are described from soil in Nepal. Anomalogalumna gen. nov. (with type species Anomalogalumna dungeri sp. nov.) differs from Flagellozetes Balogh, 1970 by the absence of octotaxic system, and the presence of short, notogastral setae and areolate-reticulate surface of the notogaster and anogenital region. Allogalumna beateae sp. nov. differs from all other species of the genus by the presence of thickened rostral, lamellar and interlamellar setae, and the position of rostral seta (close to lamellar seta and distant from the rostrum).
Dynamical Seasonal Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Activity Using the FGOALS-f2 Ensemble Prediction System
Authors: Li Jinxiao , Bao Qing , Liu Yimin , Wu Guoxiong , Wang Lei , He Bian , Wang Xiaocong , Yang Jing , Wu Xiaofei , Shen Zili
Published: September 2021

There is a distinct gap between tropical cyclone (TC) prediction skill and the societal demand for accurate predictions, especially in the western Pacific (WP) and North Atlantic (NA) basins, where densely populated areas are frequently affected by intense TC events. In this study, seasonal prediction skill for TC activity in the WP and NA of the fully coupled FGOALS-f2 V1.0 dynamical prediction system is evaluated. In total, 36 years of monthly hindcasts from 1981 to 2016 were completed with 24 ensemble members. The FGOALS-f2 V1.0 system has been used for real-time predictions since June 2017 with 35 ensemble members, and has been operationally used in the two operational prediction centers of China. Our evaluation indicates that FGOALS-f2 V1.0 can reasonably reproduce the density of TC genesis locations and tracks in the WP and NA. The model shows significant skill in terms of the TC number correlation in the WP (0.60) and the NA (0.61) from 1981 to 2015; however, the model underestimates accumulated cyclone energy. When the number of ensemble members was increased from 2 to 24, the correlation coefficients clearly increased (from 0.21 to 0.60 in the WP, and from 0.18 to 0.61 in the NA). FGOALS-f2 V1.0 also successfully reproduces the genesis potential index pattern and the relationship between El Niño–Southern Oscillation and TC activity, which is one of the dominant contributors to TC seasonal prediction skill. However, the biases in large-scale factors are barriers to the improvement of the seasonal prediction skill, e.g., larger wind shear, higher relative humidity, and weaker potential intensity of TCs. For real-time predictions in the WP, FGOALS-f2 V1.0 demonstrates a skillful prediction for track density in terms of landfalling TCs, and the model successfully forecasts the correct sign of seasonal anomalies of landfalling TCs for various regions in China.
Pediatric Tracheostomy‐Related Complications: A Cross‐sectional Analysis
Authors: Newton Micah , Johnson Romaine F. , Wynings Erin , Jaffal Hussein , Chorney Stephen R.
Published: September 2021

Objective

To determine the rate of tracheostomy‐related complications in pediatric patients from nationally representative databases.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional analysis.

Setting

2016 Kids’ Inpatient Database and 2016 Nationwide Readmission Database.

Methods

All pediatric tracheostomy procedures were included. Complication type, admission outcomes, and readmission rates were recorded with a logistic regression analysis to determine patient characteristics associated with complications.

Results

An estimated 5309 tracheostomies were performed among pediatric patients in 2016, 8% (n = 432) of whom developed tracheostomy‐related complications. This group was younger (4.7 vs 8.7 years, P <. 001) and required longer hospital admissions (68.7 vs 33.2 days, P <. 001) than children without tracheostomy‐related complications. Mean costs ($459,324 vs $397,937, P <. 001) and mean total charges ($1,573,964 vs $1,099,347, P <. 001) were increased if a tracheostomy‐related complication occurred. These events occurred more often in those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (24% vs 12%, P <. 001), heart disease (24% vs 12%, P =. 001), gastroesophageal reflux disease (31% vs 19%, P <. 001), short gestational age (24% vs 14%, P <. 001), and subglottic stenosis (9.9% vs 5.4%, P =. 001). The estimated 30‐day readmission rate was 24% (SE, 1.7%) but did not increase after tracheostomy complications (27% vs 15%, P =. 04). Tracheostomy‐related complications were predicted by gastroesophageal reflux disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.14‐1.97; P =. 004), younger age (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.22; P =. 002), and lengthier hospitalization (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.01; P <. 001) on multiple logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion

Tracheostomy‐related complications occur in approximately 8% of pediatric patients and are higher in younger children or those with longer admission lengths. These data have implications for benchmarking standards of posttracheostomy complications across institutions.
Southern lights: Metropolitan imaginaries in Latin America
Authors: Smith Jeremy
Published: September 2021

This essay aims to examine metropolitan cities of Latin America with two aspects of the literature in anthropology, history, and sociology in mind. First, the essay addresses an imbalanced focus on cities in the USA and Canada by sketching the significance of migration, creation, and urban development in four major metropolises of Latin America. Second, in place of a framework of urban imaginaries, which has dominated the sociology of Latin American cities in recent years, I argue for a more precise notion of metropolitan imaginaries that better frames the creativity of particular cities and their level of integration into international and regional networks. With this more precise notion, I distinguish southern cities as highly connected places, which attract migrants and bring economic and cultural traffic to their shores, ports, plazas, and streets. They are lively centers of Atlantic modernity with connections that generate greater magnitude for creativity and, as such, bear international significance as places of architecture and urban design. In their informal settlements, impulses of organic creation further distinguish southern metropolises from their North American counterparts. The quality of international and regional connections distinguishes these cities from other urban centers in Latin America, a point underestimated in the literature on urban imaginaries. In this essay, I examine 19th and 20th-century Buenos Aires, Mexico City, São Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro. Each is distinguished from most cities by the magnitude of migration, the diversity of their populations, and the connections they have to global and regional developments. Crucially, each one stands out for the quality and impact of their metropolis-making, particularly in creative architecture and urban design.
Optimism and the American Dream: Latino Perspectives on Opportunities and Challenges Toward Reaching Personal and Family Goals
Authors: Cervantes Richard C. , Koutantos Elias , Cristo Martha , Gonzalez-Guarda Rosa , Fuentes Diego , Gutierrez Nancy
Published: September 2021

Trends in positive psychology suggest optimism is an important trait related to happiness and well-being and that through the teaching of optimism, well-being can be enhanced (Sin & Lyubomirsky, 2009). The purpose of this study was to identify areas of optimism within the context of the American Dream among Hispanic/Latino/as and to understand factors that create barriers to having an optimistic outlook on achieving the American Dream. Data for this study came from research designed to identify sources of acculturation related stress among Hispanic/Latino/as. A sample ( n = 93) of Hispanic/Latino/a adults were recruited for focus groups in California and Massachusetts. Results indicate that participants were optimistic in achieving their dreams, which included financial achievements, ownership, educational opportunities, and more. Some participants acknowledged that these expectations were unrealistic and were challenged by discrimination, limited skills, and lack of legal documentation status. Studies of psychological interventions that foster optimism among Hispanic/Latino/as are needed.
Intensive acorn processing in the early Holocene of southern China
Authors: Wang Jiajing , Jiang Leping
Published: September 2021

There is increasing evidence that the early rice farming communities of southern China emerged from societies heavily dependent on acorns. Recent archaeological investigations have recovered large quantities of acorn remains from multiple archaeological sites (10,000–6000 cal. BP) in the Lower Yangtze River Valley, suggesting that acorns were a staple food for preagricultural societies. However, most previous studies have focused on taxonomical identification, leaving us a poor understanding of acorn processing technology. This research addresses this shortcoming by conducting a systematic microbotanical residue analysis (starch and phytolith) of pottery and grinding stones from the Shangshan culture (10,000–8200 cal. BP). The results show that the artifacts analyzed were predominantly used for processing acorns, and to a lesser extent, USOs and cereals. Combining the microbotanical data and an ethnographic study, we reconstruct a 10,000-year-old acorn processing technology. We suggest that intensive acorn processing provided an impetus for the increased production of pottery and grinding stones in early Holocene China.
Analysis of Impulse Buying Behaviour of Consumer During COVID-19: An Empirical Study
Authors: Chauhan Shaifali , Banerjee Richa , Dagar Vishal
Published: September 2021

This article attempts to analyse the changes occurred in the behaviour of the customer for online buying of fashion products. The prime objective of this study is to bridge the gap by contributing to the literature about the impact of pandemic on consumer buying tendencies for fashion industry. This study proposes a model for impulse buying of fashion apparel based on consumers’ shopping behaviour during COVID-19 pandemic. The conceptual model was developed using stimulus organism response (S-O-R) theory using fashion involvement (FI), hedonic shopping value (HSV) and sales promotion (SP) as independent variables, positive emotions (PE) as a mediating variable and impulse buying (IB) as a dependent variable. The data was collected from 569 respondents from central Indian region, the collected data was analysed using PLS-SEM 3 software. The importance performance map analysis (IPMA) was used to understand the accurate performance of variables. The result shows the significant and positive impact of HSV and PE on IB, unlike FI and SP which were not showing significant impact. Moreover, PE is a significant mediator in the relationship of the constructs. This study contributes by providing original insights into the IB literature. The analyses of IPMA will help the fashion industry to rebound after COVID-19.
A simple and novel control strategy for semi-active vibration suppression by a magnetorheological damper
Authors: Nagamatsu Shuto , Shiraishi Toshihiko
Published: September 2021

Conventional skyhook-based ON–OFF control switches the damping force on a vibration suppression target according to the sign of the product of the target and relative velocities (which is called the condition function). Here, we propose a control strategy that uses a novel condition function for improved performance. The proposed strategy is formulated based on the theory of forced vibration with base excitation. Its effect upon semi-active vibration performance is investigated via numerical simulations and experimental tests of the vibration suppression of a small structure equipped with a magnetorheological (MR) damper. In the simulations, the proposed control strategy can offer high-performance semi-active vibration suppression, even in the presence of force delays in the damper. The experiments show that the displacement response with the proposed control is lower than that with the conventional skyhook-based control over the entire frequency range; furthermore, the desired performance can be achieved when the proposed condition function is used with velocity-proportional control. The simplicity and high performance demonstrated by the proposed control strategy make it applicable to semi-active vibration suppression of practical systems, even in the presence of unavoidable force delays in controllable dampers.
The politics of the British model of capitalism’s flatlining productivity and anaemic growth: Lessons for the growth models perspective
Authors: Clift Ben , McDaniel Sean
Published: September 2021

This article assesses the usefulness of the growth models perspective for understanding contemporary British capitalism in the context of its ongoing ‘productivity puzzle’ and stagnating economic growth. The analysis of British capitalism supports our argument that growth models perspective analyses currently have limited capacity to understand the developmental trajectory of growth models, the instabilities and dysfunctionalities of these models, and how growth comes to be distributed differently across models. Through analysis of capital investment patterns and labour market characteristics, it reveals the importance of the ‘politics of productivity’, embedded in state institutions, which shapes the nature and distribution of economic growth. The article outlines a new framework for growth models analysis that ‘brings the supply-side back in’ for a more holistic approach to the political economy of capitalist growth (and non-growth). It argues this is critical for understanding patterns of political economic development in the British model of capitalism and beyond.
Analysis and design of auto-adaptive leveling hydraulic suspension for agricultural robot
Authors: Hu Kai , Zhang Wenyi , Qi Bing
Published: September 2021

The application of agricultural robot in hilly and mountain areas faces several problems, such as bad walking performance, easy tilt, and low safety. The auto-adaptive leveling hydraulic suspension for the agricultural robot can help to eliminate some sort of problems. The design of such system is the main aim of the article. The hydraulic system with load-sensing system and its controlling model were established and then the load-sensing system was modeled and simulated in Advanced Modeling Environment for SIMulation. The optimal proportional–integral–derivative parameters were determined by the optimized algorithm. The simulation results illustrated that the inlet and outlet pressure difference of throttle and the flow rate through throttle are 42 bar and 29.65 L/min, respectively, all the time when the load pressure varies from 0 bar to 100 bar. The load-sensing system has good power follow-up and high control accuracy. And then the experimental bench of auto-adaptive leveling hydraulic suspension was researched and developed to verify the leveling performance. The experimental results demonstrate that auto-adaptive leveling hydraulic suspension can keep frame leveling dynamically on upslope, downslope, side slope, and continuous undulating road surface. The maximum errors of the pitch angle and the tilt angle are −0.93° and 0.97°. The feasibility of the designed hydraulic suspension was verified. The research methods in this article can provide theoretical basis for the design of other auto-adaptive leveling systems in hilly and mountain areas.
Spine-Related Malpractice Claims in China: A 2-year National Analysis
Authors: Yue Lei , Sun Ming-Shuai , Mu Guan-Zhang , Shang Mei-Xia , Zhang Ying-Ze , Sun Hao-Lin , Li Chun-De
Published: September 2021

Study design

Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Objective

To investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of spine-related malpractice claims in China in a 2-year period.

Methods

The arbitration files of the Chinese Medical Association (CMA) were reviewed for spine-related malpractice claims. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted on claim characteristics, clinical data, plaintiff’s main allegations, and arbitration outcomes.

Results

A total of 288 cases of spinal claims filed in the CMA between January 2016 and December 2017 were included. Most claims were found in lumbar degenerative disorders (59.4%), lumbar trauma (13.2%), and cervical degenerative disorders (11.8%). The most common adverse events (AEs) leading to claims were new neurologic deficit (NND) (47.6%), infection (11.5%), and insufficient symptom relief (10.4%). The most common patient allegation was surgical error (66.0%), although the main arbitrated cause of AEs was disease/treatment itself (49.0%), while providers were judged as mainly responsible in only 47.3% cases. In multivariate regression analysis, cervical spine, misdiagnosis/mistreatment, and unpredictable emergency correlated with more severe damage to patients; minimally invasive surgery was predictive of judgment in plaintiff’s favor, while claims in the eastern region and unpredictable emergencies were predictive of defendant’s favor; only NND was associated with being arbitrated as surgical error in surgical cases where surgeons accepted major liability.

Conclusion

The current study provided a descriptive overview and risk factor analysis of spine-related malpractice claims in China. Gaining improved understanding of the facts and causes of malpractice claims may help providers reduce the risk of claims and subsequent litigation.