bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health system response to COVID-19 among primary health care units in Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Authors: Mitike Getnet , Nigatu Frehiwot , Wolka Eskinder , Defar Atkure , Tessema Masresha , Nigussie Tezita
Published: February 2023

Introduction

There was limited data on the experiences and roles of sub-national health systems in the response against COVID-19 in Ethiopia. This study explored how sub-national primary health care units and coordinating bodies in Ethiopia responded to COVID-19 during the first 6 months of pandemic.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study with descriptive phenomenological design using 59 key informants that were purposively selected. The interviews included leaders across Ethiopia’s 10 regions and 2 administrative cities. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide that was translated into a local language. The interviews were conducted in person or by phone. Coding and categorizing led to the development of themes and subthemes. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Local administrators across different levels took the lead in responding to COVID-19 by organizing multisectoral planning and monitoring committees at regional, zonal and woreda (district) levels. Health leaders reacted to the demand for an expanded workforce by reassigning health professionals to COVID-19 surveillance and case management activities, adding COVID-19-related responsibilities to their workloads, temporarily blocking leave, and hiring new staff on contractual basis. Training was prioritized for: rapid response teams, laboratory technicians, healthcare providers assigned to treatment centers where care was provided for patients with COVID-19, and health extension workers. COVID-19 supplies and equipment, particularly personal protective equipment, were difficult to obtain at the beginning of the pandemic. Health officials used a variety of means to equip and protect staff, but the quantity fell short of their needs. Local health structures used broadcast media, print materials, and house-to-house education to raise community awareness about COVID-19. Rapid response teams took the lead in case investigation, contact tracing, and sample collection. The care for mild cases was shifted to home-based isolation as the number of infections increased and space became limited. However, essential health services were neglected at the beginning of the pandemic while the intensity of local multisectoral response (sectoral engagement) declined as the pandemic progressed.

Conclusions

Local government authorities and health systems across Ethiopia waged an early response to the pandemic, drawing on multisectoral support and directing human, material, and financial resources toward the effort. But, the intensity of the multisectoral response waned and essential services began suffering as the pandemic progressed. There is a need to learn from the pandemic and invest in the basics of the health system–health workers, supplies, equipment, and infrastructure–as well as coordination of interventions.
Effect of heterogeneous investment induced by payoff and emotion on cooperation in public goods games by considering memory decline effects
Authors: Long Hui , Gong Rizhao , Yao Jiaqian , Li Qian
Published: February 2023

Payoff, emotion, and historical memory directly determine investment decision-making for incomplete rational men in a public goods game (PGG). How these factors affect investment and cooperation behavior has not been investigated yet. Thus, we proposed a new investment model involving theses three factors to examine its coupling effect on cooperation in PGG. An emotional increment was employed to describe the emotional change in every round by supposing an investor’ pleasure to a cooperator but regret to a defector. Furthermore, an emotional index was formed by accumulating these historical changes with a memory decline effect. Then an investment formula was proposed by considering this emotional index and a historical payoff. Moreover, the cooperation level affected by these factors was investigated. Results show a mutually reinforcing relationship between emotional and payoff investments. A poor memory capacity coefficient allows defectors to change their behaviors but produces some opportunists. A large memory length results in a high cooperator fraction but is not suggested to be too large.
Influence of circumferential ankle pressure of shoe collar on the kinematics, dynamic stability, electromyography, and plantar pressure during normal walking
Authors: Nasirzadeh Alireza , Yang Seung-Tae , Yun Juseok , Yang Jaeha , Yoon Bae Young , Park Juyeon , Ahn Jooeun , Lee Giuk
Published: February 2023

Background

The shoe’s collar plays a significant role in supporting the ankle during walking. Since the protective effect of the collar requires the circular embracing of the ankle and shank, a stiffer collar might be involved with increased circumferential ankle pressure (CAP). It is not clear how collar CAP affects walking performance. Therefore, this study was aimed at examining the influence of the collar CAP on the kinematics, dynamic stability, electromyography (EMG), and plantar pressure during normal walking.

Method

Sixteen healthy male participants walked on a treadmill while wearing a custom-designed high-collar shoe with 10 (low), 30 (medium), and 60 mmHg (high) CAP conditions, and the joint angles, dynamic stability index, EMG, and plantar pressure were measured.

Result

While the low CAP condition did not affect the ankle range of motion (ROM), The high CAP condition restricted both the ankle sagittal and frontal ROM, whereas the medium CAP condition limited only the ankle frontal ROM. The knee and hip ROM did not differ between conditions. The dynamic stability for the high and medium CAP cases was comparable but significantly higher than that of the low CAP condition. The ankle muscle activity and corresponding co-contraction increased with increasing CAP for gastrocnemius medialis (GM), soleus (SOL), peroneus longus (PL), tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in the weight acceptance and push-off phases but not in the single limb support. Knee muscle activity, including vastus lateralis (VL) and semitendinosus (SEMI) was similar between all conditions. A higher relative pressure was observed under the lateral aspect of the heel when walking in the high CAP condition.

Conclusion

The results suggest that a high-collar shoe with a high CAP may not be an appropriate choice for walking owing to the injury risk factors and limited walking efficiency. A medium CAP is associated with certain advantages and, thus, a superior choice for high-collar shoe design.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a middle-income country: Persistent high lethality during a 12-year period
Authors: Scavacini Marinonio Ana Sílvia , Harumi Miyoshi Milton , Testoni Costa-Nobre Daniela , Sanudo Adriana , Nema Areco Kelsy Catherina , Daripa Kawakami Mandira , Xavier Balda Rita de Cassia , Konstantyner Tulio , Bandiera-Paiva Paulo , Vieira de Freitas Rosa Maria , Correia Morais Lilian Cristina , La Porte Teixeira Mônica , Cunha Waldvogel Bernadette , Veiga Kiffer Carlos Roberto , Branco de Almeida Maria Fernanda , Guinsburg Ruth
Published: February 2023

Background

In high- and middle-income countries, mortality associated to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is high and variable. In Brazil, data is scarce regarding the prevalence, mortality, and lethality of CDH. This study aimed to analyze, in São Paulo state of Brazil, the temporal trends of prevalence, neonatal mortality and lethality of CDH and identify the time to CDH-associated neonatal death.

Methods

Population-based study of all live births with gestational age ≥ 22 weeks, birthweight ≥400g, from mothers residing in São Paulo State, Brazil, during 2004–2015. CDH definition and its subgroups classification were based on ICD-10 codes reported in the death and/or live birth certificates. CDH-associated neonatal death was defined as death up to 27 days after birth of infants with CDH. CDH prevalence, neonatal mortality and lethality were calculated and their annual percent change (APC) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was analyzed by Prais-Winsten. Kaplan-Meier estimator identified the time after birth that CDH-associated neonatal death occurred.

Results

CDH prevalence was 1.67 per 10,000 live births, with a significant increase throughout the period (APC 2.55; 95%CI 1.30 to 3.83). CDH neonatal mortality also increased over the time (APC 2.09; 95%CI 0.27 to 3.94), while the lethality was 78.78% and remained stationary. For isolated CDH, CDH associated to non-chromosomal anomalies and CDH associated to chromosomal anomalies the lethality was, respectively, 72.25%, 91.06% and 97.96%, during the study period. For CDH as a whole and for all subgroups, 50% of deaths occurred within the first day after birth.

Conclusions

During a 12-year period in São Paulo State, Brazil, CDH prevalence and neonatal mortality showed a significant increase, while lethality remained stable, yet very high, compared to rates reported in high income countries.
Jumping vs. running: Effects of exercise modality on aerobic capacity and neuromuscular performance after a six-week high-intensity interval training
Authors: Venegas-Carro María , Herring Joshua T. , Riehle Simon , Kramer Andreas
Published: February 2023

Purpose

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has proven to be effective in improving endurance capacity and muscle endurance. However, its potential to improve other aspects of physical performance such as strength and power has not been well explored, and most research studies used only running and cycling as exercise modalities. Here, we compared the effects of jumping versus running as exercise modalities during a 6-week HIIT.

Methods

46 participants (24±3 years, 171±9 cm, 68±13 kg, 22 women) were randomly allocated to one of three groups: countermovement jump training, running training, or control. The two training groups underwent a 6-week HIIT with 3 training sessions per week. Both training protocols had identical training frequency, number of series and work/rest durations (on average 7 series of 25s, with a rest of 25s between series). Before and after the training period, aerobic capacity and neuromuscular performance were assessed.

Results

Analyses of variance revealed a significant group*time interaction effect for maximal aerobic capacity (p = 0.004), and post hoc analyses showed a significant increase in the running group (p < .001, +7.6%). Analyses of the maximal voluntary contraction revealed only a significant increase in the jumping group (plantar flexion +12.8%, knee extension +8.2%). No interaction effects were found for maximal power or jump height.

Conclusion

Despite identical programming, the choice of exercise mode profoundly affected the training adaptations: the running group significantly increased aerobic capacity, and the jump group significantly increased leg strength. These results underline the importance of exercise modality in physical performance adaptations.
Testing the social mindfulness paradigm: Longitudinal evidence of its unidimensionality, reliability, validity, and replicability in a sample of health care providers
Authors: Altmann Tobias , Roth Marcus
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Social mindfulness is a relatively new concept in psychological research and is attracting increasing attention. Recent studies have provided evidence of its relevance with regard to prosocial behavior and empathy, but also concerning individual well-being and psychological health. In such studies, social mindfulness has been assessed using the social mindfulness paradigm by Van Doesum and colleagues, which is the standard measure of social mindfulness to date. However, evidence is scarce or lacking with regard to whether this measurement approach is unidimensional, whether it produces (test-retest) reliable and valid measurements, and whether its associations with personality and empathy are replicable.

Methods

To test these assumptions, we assessed a sample of 265 participants currently working in health care professions on social mindfulness, several concepts of empathy, and the HEXACO personality dimensions longitudinally at two measurement occasions.

Results

The results supported the assumption of unidimensionality of the measure. Partial support was found for its reliability, validity, and replicability. Test-retest reliability was acceptable, but the associations with personality and empathy turned out weaker than expected.

Conclusions

The social mindfulness paradigm is an interesting approach toward understanding social mindfulness, meaning mindfulness of other people’s needs. Potential directions for the further development of the social mindfulness paradigm and its network of relations, especially to empathy, are discussed.
Uma breve história das práticas somáticas e da dança: desenvolvimento histórico do campo da educação somática e suas relações com a dança1
Authors: Eddy Martha , Pizarro Tradução: Diego , Trigo Clara , Tornaghi Isabel
Published: February 2023

Este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento histórico das práticas somáticas de movimento, especialmente no que se refere à dança, aos dançarinos e às organizações de ensino da dança. O texto inicia por eventos históricos, tendências culturais e ocorrências individuais que levaram ao surgimento dos métodos somáticos ‘clássicos’, no início do século XX (de Alexander a Trager). Em seguida, são definidas a ‘educação e a terapia do movimento somático’ e o desdobramento de três gerações que criaram programas de movimento somático. Dados de entrevistas revelam que a segunda geração teve a ampla participação de dançarinos e que o modo de ‘pensar o corpo-mente’ dos profissionais da dança continua a moldar o treinamento e o desenvolvimento da Educação Somática, como também de uma. ‘dança somática’. Finalmente, levanta-se a questão da marginalização de ambas, dança e educação somática, apontando na direção de uma combinação de forças tendo em vista suas características comuns, para modificar esta posição desfavorável na cultura ocidental. Outros achados apontam para a avaliação da potência e do posicionamento da ‘dança somática’ em um esquema global.
Análisis de los factores de riesgo y del seguimiento de la hipoacusia de inicio tardío durante 25 años de cribado auditivo
Authors: Viveros-Díez Patricia , Benito-Orejas José Ignacio , Duque-Holguera Victoria , Ramírez-Cano Beatriz , Carranza-Calleja María Antonia , Santos-Pérez Jaime
Published: February 2023

Introducción y objetivo: En 1972 el Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) de EE.UU., propone la evaluación audiológica precoz de los niños que nacen con determinados factores de riesgo (FR), al comprobarse que asocian hipoacusia con mayor frecuencia. Tras hacerse realidad el cribado auditivo universal, se sigue indicando la conveniencia de un seguimiento de los recién nacidos (RN) con FR de hipoacusia permanente posnatal o de inicio tardío (HPP)
Método: Esta comunicación presenta los resultados del trabajo publicado en la Revista ORL, obtenidos tras aplicar durante 25 años un programa de cribado auditivo neonatal, en el Hospital Clínico Universitario (HCU) de Valladolid (España), en el que hemos analizado la incidencia de los FR y el rendimiento obtenido con el seguimiento de los niños que presentaban FR de hipoacuisa tardía al nacimiento.
Resultados: De los 27.649 RN evaluados, detectamos un 0,25 por mil de HPP, que representa el 8% de las hipoacusias congénitas y el 0,65% de los RN con FR. En nuestro medio, los FR con mayor prevalencia de HPP son, los antecedentes familiares de hipoacusia y la presencia de malformaciones o síndromes que asocian hipoacusia. La HPP es fundamentalmente bilateral, de tipo neurosensorial y en un elevado porcentaje (23%) de grado leve.
Discusión y conclusiones: El seguimiento de los factores de riesgo propuestos por el JCIH como indicadores de HPP, no resulta ni eficaz ni económicamente rentable; sin embargo, dada la importancia de la HPP, consideramos que en el momento actual debería mantenerse el de aquellos FR que tengan una prevalencia elevada de hipoacusia y dado que, la mitad de las hipoacusias posnatales no asocian FR, añadir a este seguimiento, la realización de un estudio neonatal de pruebas genéticas de hipoacusia junto al análisis de la presencia de citomegalovirus.
Epidemiología de la Parálisis Facial durante la Pandemia COVID-19 en el Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León
Authors: Martín-Villares Cristina , Álvarez-Tato Carmen , Díez-González Laura , Rodríguez Ana , Fernández-Cascón Sara , Manzanares-López-Rendo Carmen , Álvarez-Álvarez Ignacio
Published: February 2023

Introducción y objetivo: Están surgiendo en la literatura diferentes series clínicas sobre la prevalencia de la parálisis facial (PF) en la pandemia. Algunos investigadores sugieren un vínculo entre la parálisis facial y el SARS-CoV-2, aunque otros autores no encuentran diferencias significativas en la incidencia de parálisis facial coincidiendo con PCR-SARS-CoV-2 positiva. Tras dos años de la pandemia de COVID-19, sigue sin estar claro atribuir al virus SARS-CoV-2 un aumento de la incidencia de casos de PF.Método: Presentamos los resultados de las investigaciones sobre la incidencia de PF durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en una población de más de 350.000 personas en una única institución del norte de España. Nuestra investigación se centra en algunos aspectos epidemiológicos de la distribución temporal de los casos de PF durante las ondas pandémicas. Revisamos los casos de PF durante 2018-21 y calculamos la incidencia bruta anual. También recolectamos 7 pacientes a los que se les realizó la prueba de SARS-CoV-2 por PCR en hisopo nasal. Finalmente, exploró la posibilidad de grupos de PF alrededor de los "picos" de la pandemia de COVID-19 según los datos del Ministerio de Salud de España sobre la incidencia acumulada de 14 días de casos positivos de COVID-19 por cada 100,000 habitantes.Resultados: Recogimos 209 pacientes que desarrollaron PA entre el 1 de marzo de 2020 y el 30 de mayo de 2021. Los clasificamos según las 4 ondas pandémicas de incidencia acumulada de 14 días de SARS-CoV-2 por 100.000 habitantes en España. Un número similar de casos de PF fueron diagnosticados a lo largo de toda la pandemia, sin identificarse “clusters” de PF durante las “olas” o los “picos”. En base a esta distribución uniforme de casos durante los 14 meses de pandemia, concluimos que no hemos encontrado un aumento de la incidencia de casos de BP en relación al aumento de la incidencia acumulada de contagio por virus SARS-CoV-2 en nuestra población. La incidencia bruta anual de PF fue: 34 por 100.000 personas-año en 2018, 30 por 100.000 personas-año en 2019, 31 por 100.000 personas-año en 2020 y 29 por 100.000 personas-año en 2021. A 7 pacientes se les realizó la prueba de SARS-CoV-2 por PCR en hisopo nasal coincidiendo con el episodio de PF, pero solo 2 resultaron positivos. Discusión y Conclusiones: Tras detectar una distribución uniforme de casos durante los 14 meses de pandemia, concluimos que no hemos encontrado un aumento de la incidencia de casos de BP en relación al aumento de la incidencia acumulada de contagio por virus SARS-CoV-2 en nuestra población.
Az IKT mint közösségépítő eszköz a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Herczegh Judit
Published: February 2023

Számos nemzetközi és magyar tudományos kutatás vizsgálja a
számítógépek és az internet hatásait a társadalmi struktúrákra, a
gazdaságra, az egyénre, és jelen esetben az oktatásra és a felsőoktatásra.
Az IKT eszközöket már nem csupán az oktatás adminisztrációjában, hanem a
teljes pedagógiai és tanítási-tanulási folyamatban is használják (Byungura
et.al. 2016).

Egyre hangsúlyosabbá válik az emberi erőforrások megmozgatásához az
IKT-infrastruktúra kapacitások kiépítése az egyetemeken, kezdve a
felsőoktatás politikától a végrehajtásig (Byungura et.al. 2016).
Tanulmányunk az IKT kapacitásépítési stratégiák artikulációját vizsgálja és
mutatja be mind az intézményi IKT-politika, valamint a létrejövő struktúra
alapján.

Tanulmányunkban bemutatjuk, hogy a covid helyzet hatására az
IKT-eszközök és a közösségi média platformjai révén milyen könnyen
építhettek intézetünkben társadalmi kapcsolatot a hallgatók az oktatók,
valamint az adminisztráció között. Ez a kialakult formális, és a mellé
szövődő informális struktúra az online felsőoktatási rendszer gyors
reagálású átalakításában elengedhetetlen megtartó erővel bírt. Továbbá
vázoljuk, hogy a pandemiás helyzet zárásával melyek maradtak azok az online
elemek és lehetőségek, amelyek tovább élnek és működnek.

Munkánk empirikus forrásához a Debreceni Egyetem Nevelés és
Művelődéstudományi Intézetének Művelődéstudományi és Humán Tanulmányok
tanszéke által az egyetemi elektronikus térben létrehozott kurzustartalmai
és a kurzusokhoz kapcsolódó informális online és jelenléti csoportok
tartalomelemzése és kvalitatív megfigyelései adják az alapot. A covid
helyzetet megelőző, a pandemiás időszakban kizárólag online működő és az
azt követő részleges csoportfennmaradás elemzése és értelmezése a célunk,
vizsgálva azt, hogy a negatív társadalmi időszak milyen fennmaradó vagy
részlegesen fennmaradó pozitív hatásokat generált az online
oktatói-hallgatói térben.
Impact of Substance Use on the Management of a Pediatric Palliative Care Patient: A Case Report.
Authors: Eckman Susannah
Published: February 2023

Adolescents and young adult patients (AYA)with serious illness present a unique population within the world of pediatric palliative care (PPC) as they are much more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors while undergoing treatment as compared to younger patients. The annual incidence of substance use disorder (SUD) in adolescents aged 12 to 17 is 4.5%, though little is known about the overlap and impact of SUD and serious illness in AYA. Adults with SUD and serious illness often have significant untreated pain atthe end-of-life (EoL).Neurobiological changes due to substance use may affect a patient's response to pain management. These neurobiological changes, as well as tolerance and stigma, can lead to unsuccessful treatment of a patient's pain. This case highlightsthe population of AYA with history of substance use and considerations to help improve their care. It is widely agreed upon that concerns about substance use should recedeat EoL when comfort becomes paramount. However, it is critical considering how a history of SUD can impact adequate analgesia to frankly acknowledge such a history and tailor care accordingly. Adjuvants useful at EoL, due to availability of IV/SC route, rapid onset of action, and tolerable side effects include methadone, ketamine, lidocaine, and corticosteroids. The employment of an interdisciplinary team is one of the only interventions with measured outcomes in this area and has shown a significant improvement in metrics of substance use including within the hospice and palliative medicine population.
Micromorphology of epicuticular waxes in genus Mimosa (Fabaceae)
Authors: Grohar Mariana C. , Morales Matías , Fortunato Renée H. , Rosenfeldt Sonia
Published: February 2023

Epicuticular waxes crystallize on the foliar surface with different morphologies, which can be taxonomically relevant features in many taxa. Their morphological analysis was based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images on herbarium specimens of selected sections of Mimosa. The present work is the first detailed description and classification of the epidermal micromorphology in the genus Mimosa, focusing on section Calothamnos and Mimosa series Mimosa, subseries Dolentes and Brevipedes. We also describe different wax crystallization morphologies present in these taxa, identifying three different crystallization types: film, plates, and platelets. Novel epidermal micromorphologies have been described, such as papillae in M. lepidorepens. Results allow grouping taxa of the studied sections, contributing to clarifying their taxonomy. SEM images of epicuticular waxes and leaf surfaces could be a new tool for performing a new taxonomic treatment of section Mimosa subser. Dolentes and subser. Brevipedes, and section Calothamnos.
Struktur Komunitas Lamun di Perairan Ketapang, Lombok Barat
Authors: Fahruddin Muh , Suriyadin Adi , Murtawan Heri , Abdurachman Muhammad Haikal , Setyono Bagus Dwi Hari , Saputra Ardyen , Ilyas Anita Prihatini
Published: February 2023

Ekosistem lamun adalah salah satu ekosistem laut dangkal yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam kehidupan biota laut dan merupakan salah satu ekosistem bahari yang paling produktif. Ekosistem lamun saat ini kurang mendapat perhatian dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang fungsi ekosistem lamun. Akibatnya, upaya masyarakat dalam menjaga kelestarian ekosistem ini sangat minim bahkan terkadang dianggap sebagai tanaman pengganggu, sehingga akhirnya diabaikan atau dimusnahkan. Penelitian in bertujuan menjabarkan kajian ekologi struktur komunitas lamun di perairan Dusun Ketapang, Kecamatan Sekotong Barat, Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah percobaan langsung di lapangan dengan mengguanakan teknik pengambilan contoh secara purposive sampling Pengamatan struktur komunitas lamun menggunakan transek kuadran berukuran 50x50 cm dengan jumlah stasiun yang ditetapkan sebanyak 3 (tiga) stasiun. Jarak dan tata letak stasiun berdasarkan pendekatan habitat mangrove, lamun, dan terumbu karang dengan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kail, sehingga dalam penelitian ini terdapat 9 (sembilan) transek kuadran. Adapun terkait pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan secara in situ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 jenis lamun, yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Halophila ovalis. Struktur komunitas lamun seperti kerapatan, frekuensi, dan penutupan maupun kontribusinya di perairan Dusun Ketapang didominasi oleh jenis Cymodocea rotundata.  The seagrass ecosystem is one of the shallow marine ecosystems that has an important role in the life of marine life and is one of the most productive marine ecosystems. Seagrass ecosystems are currently receiving less attention due to the lack of public knowledge about their functions of seagrass ecosystems. As a result, the community's efforts to preserve this ecosystem are minimal, and sometimes they are considered nuisance plants, so they are eventually ignored or destroyed. This study aims to describe an ecological study of the structure of the seagrass community in the waters of Ketapang Hamlet, West Sekotong District, West Lombok Regency. The method used in this research is a direct experiment in the field by using a sampling technique using purposive sampling. Observation of the structure of the seagrass community using a quadrant transect measuring 50x50 cm with a set number of 3 (three) stations. The distance and layout of the station are based on the approach of mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef habitats with three hooks repeating so that in this study there were 9 (nine) quadrant transects. As for the measurement of water quality carried out in situ. The results showed that there were 4 types of seagrass, namely Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halophila ovalis. The seagrass community structure such as density, frequency, and cover as well as its contribution
Analisis Tekstur Sedimen terhadap Kelimpahan Gastropoda di Ekosistem Mangrove Desa Pasar Banggi, Rembang
Authors: Mustofa Vira Meillyana , Soenardjo Nirwani , Pratikto Ibnu
Published: February 2023

Karakteristik sedimen mangrove terdiri dari fraksi pasir, lumpur dan liat. Kelimpahan gastropoda dipengaruhi oleh substrat sebagai habitat dari gastropoda, serta kandungan bahan organik yang berbeda pada tiap fraksi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisa tekstur sedimen terhadap kelimpahan gastropoda di kawasan mangrove Desa Pasar Banggi, Rembang, mengingat gastropoda berperan penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekologi ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan tekstur sedimen dengan kelimpahan gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove Desa Pasar Banggi, Rembang yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2021. Metode penentuan lokasi sampling menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 3 lokasi sesuai dengan kerapatan mangrove yang berbeda. Pengukuran ekosistem mangrove menggunakan transek berukuran 15x15 m, dengan 3 subplot gastropoda dalam transek 1x1 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fraksi pasir , lumpur silt dan lempung clay. Genus gastropoda yang ditemukan yaitu Littoria, Nodilittorina, Cerithidea, Trochus, Cassidula dan Telescopium. Nilai rata-rata kelimpahan berkisar antara 106-346 ind/m2. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks keseragaman termasuk kedalam kategori rendah. Nilai indeks dominansi menunjukkan adanya pola dominansi dengan pola sebaran mengelompok. Hubungan tekstur sedimen ketiga fraksi dengan kelimpahan gastropoda diperoleh nilai r=0,947–0,991 yang berkorelasi kuat. Semakin tinggi presentasi fraksi diikuti dengan kenaikan kelimpahan gastropoda.   The characteristics of mangrove sediments consists of sand, mud and clay fractions. The abundance of gastropods is influenced by the substrate as the habitat of the gastropods, as well as the different organic matter content in each fraction. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on sediment texture analysis of gastropods in the mangrove area of Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang, considering that gastropods are important in maintaining the balance of the mangrove ecosystem. This study aims to determine the relationship between sediment texture and gastropods in the mangrove ecosystem of Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang, which was conducted in December 2021. The sampling location method used the purposive sampling method at 3 locations according to the different mangrove densities. Measurement of the mangrove ecosystem using a transect measuring 15x15 m, with 3 gastropod subplots in a 1x1 m transect. The results showed the fraction of sand, silt and clay. The gastropod genera found were Littoria, Nodilittorina, Cerithidea, Trochus, Cassidula and Telescopium. The average value ranges from 106-346 ind/m2. The diversity index and uniformity index values are included in the low category. The dominance index value indicates a dominant pattern with a clustered distribution pattern. Sediment texture of the three fraction values with gastropod relationship obtained r = 0.947 - 0.991 which is strongly correlated.
Red Cell Distribution Width on First Day Intensive Care Unit Admission in Paediatrics
Authors: Yanni Gema Nazri , Saragih Rina Amalia C. , Lubis Syamsidah
Published: February 2023

Red distribution width (RDW) has recently been acclaimed as prognostic marker for mortality in critically-ill patients. However, this claim is still unclear and reports are still inadequate for the association between RDW and mortality in critically-ill paediatric patients. This research assessed the correlation between RDW within 24 hours of PICU (paediatric intensive care unit) admission and PELOD-2 score. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 59 pediatric patients admitted to the PICU Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, from May to July 2019. The association between RDW and PELOD-2 score was assessed by using Spearman correlation test. The RDW level of paediatric patients in the PICU on the first 24 hours was elevated (median 14.7%, range 11.4–31.2%). The median of PELOD-2 score assessment was 8 (range 2–21). There was no significant correlation between RDW and PELOD-2 in this research (r=0.187, p=0.156).
O "Pannach z Wilka"
Authors: Mitzner Piotr
Published: February 2023

Wykład poświęcony jest wieloaspektowej analizie opowiadania Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza Panny z Wilka. Dotyczy on jego genezy i związków tematycznych z innymi utworami pisarza. Zasadniczą są tu kwestie czasu i mechanizmy wspominania. Dodatkowym kontekstem jest adaptacja filmowa Panien z Wilka dokonana przez Andrzeja Wajdę.
Wesele Stanisława Wyspiańskiego – między tym, co osobiste i zbiorowe
Authors: Czabanowska-Wróbel Anna
Published: February 2023

Artykuł stanowi zachętę do odczytywania na nowo Wesela Stanisława Wyspiańskiego. Zawarte w tym szkicu propozycje interpretacyjne akcentują zwłaszcza znaczenie obrzędu wesela jako rytuału przejścia w dramacie, nie dość docenianą rolę postaci kobiecych wpisanych w rytmy życia, śmierci i odradzającego się życia w utworze Wyspiańskiego oraz istotną w dramacie symbolikę powietrza i wiatru. Autorka przywołuje też osobiste i rodzinne wspomnienia związane z odbiorem dzieła Wyspiańskiego w teatrze.
Slavs on Steamships. Steamship Travels between Europe and Asia, 1869–1890
Authors: Ewertowski Tomasz
Published: February 2023

This article examines diverse travel narratives about steamship voyages to Asia in the first two decades after the opening of the Suez Canal, with special focus on journeys through the Suez Canal, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean. Sources include Polish, Serbian and Russian authors: Julian Fałat, Vlado Ivelić, Lucjan Jurkiewicz, Milan Jovanović, Vsevolod Krestovskiy, Karol Lanckoroński, Bronisław Piłsudski, Paweł Sapieha, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Ivan Yuvachev, Hugo Zapałowicz, and Ivan Zarubin. Given this variety of sources, consisting of 12 accounts in 3 languages, written by different types of travellers with dissimilar social backgrounds, it is possible to demonstrate a variety of phenomena that may be associated with steamship voyages. The two main issues examined here are: 1) the coexistence of multiple mobilities in the era of steam power, 2) different experiences of time while voyaging.
Dosimetry comparison with helical tomotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for grade II gliomas: A single‑institution case series
Authors: Sun Mao , Wang Lu Lu , Wang Shi Qiang , Lin Xin , Zhou Wei
Published: February 2023

Radiotherapy is an essential postoperative treatment for grade II gliomas. However, comparative dosimetric studies of different radiotherapy plans for grade II gliomas are still lacking. Therefore, we conducted this case series analysis to compare the dosimetric differences among helical tomotherapy (TOMO), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for grade II gliomas. To achieve that, seven diagnosed postoperative patients with grade II gliomas were analyzed by computed tomography and then planned with TOMO, VMAT, and IMRT. The plan target volume (PTV) prescribed dose was 50 Gy (daily fraction of 2.0 Gy, 5 days/week). The expected treatment efficiency was measured by monitor units (MUs) scoring. Treatment plans of the patients were compared in the quality of target volumes dosage coverage, the efficiency of dosage delivery, and the dosage exposure of normal adjacent organs at risk (OAR). Differences in each method were measured by utilizing the Nonparametric ANOVA. The study shows that TOMO achieved a significantly higher PTV-D98% (doses received by 98% of the PTV volume) than VMAT and IMRT (50.30 ± 0.13 vs 49.21 ± 0.19, p = 0.006; 50.30 ± 0.13 vs 49.78 ± 0.18, p = 0.014), while there was no difference in PTV-D2% (doses received by 2% of the PTV volume). IMRT achieved a conformity index (CI) preferably, and TOMO generated a favorable homogeneity index (HI) (p < 0.05 for both). The MUs were fewer for VMAT than IMRT and TOMO (294 ± 19, 572 ± 24, 317 ± 97, respectively). IMRT achieved better protection for the lens and brain stems. Our case series study indicated that TOMO, VMAT, and IMRT achieved a comparatively good target dosimetric coverage, and most OARs were protected well. IMRT is not inferior to TOMO and VMAT and is still very suitable for treating most grade II glioma patients.
Age differences in using humor to cope during a pandemic
Authors: Villalba Anthony , Stanley Jennifer Tehan , Vale Michael T. , Turner Jennifer R. , Houston Michelle
Published: February 2023

Using humor can be beneficial for coping with stress. Humor can elicit positive emotions, which can bolster cognitive, social, and physical resources. Individuals who use humor to cope with negative affect report more positive well-being. However, it is less clear whether there are age differences in using humor to cope with an acute stressful event (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic). We investigated whether using humor to cope with the pandemic related to lower levels of state anxiety. We further investigated age differences in using humor to cope and whether pandemic-related humor engagement reduced state anxiety levels. We surveyed 163 young adults (18–30 years) and 171 older adults (60–80 years) online during the initial months of the pandemic in the United States. Using humor to cope was negatively associated with state anxiety levels, but engagement with pandemic-related humor showed no relationship with anxiety. Using humor to cope was especially beneficial for older adults. One explanation may be that the positive emotions experienced through humor may beget a broader scope of fundamental resources needed to cope with anxiety during the pandemic. It may be that using humor to cope is a particularly efficacious coping strategy for older adults.
The Role of Sex Segregation in the Gender Wage Gap Among University Graduates in Germany
Authors: Ransmayr Juliane , Weichselbaumer Doris
Published: February 2023

In this paper we examine the gender wage gap among university graduates in Germany from 1997 to 2013 based on the DZHW (the German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies) Absolventenpanel. We focus in particular on the effect of female presence in a subject or occupation on wage inequality. Earlier research has shown not only that female-dominated university subjects or occupations pay less, but also that men face a higher wage penalty than women when they graduated in a female-dominated subject and experience a lower penalty for working in a female-dominated occupation. For the five waves considered, we confirm the very strong negative association between female presence in a subject or occupation and wages. However, no consistent pattern emerges with regard to whether men’s or women’s wages suffer larger penalties. There is also no time trend observable with regard to the wage penalty that is associated with female-dominated fields. We further show that significant gender wage gaps exist within fields of studies, especially in male-dominated fields like engineering and natural science.
Effect of post-processing treatments on mechanical performance of cold spray coating – an overview
Authors: Ashokkumar Mohankumar , Thirumalaikumarasamy Duraisamy , Sonar Tushar , Ivanov Mikhail , Deepak Sampathkumar , Rajangam Paventhan , Barathiraja Rajendran
Published: February 2023

The main objective of this review is to study the effect of post-processing treatments on the mechanical performance of cold sprayed coatings. The cold spray (CS) process is an evolving technology for the rapid production of coatings at almost low temperatures, creating a thin, dense layer of coatings and a massive level of the additive manufacturing process with low-phase transition and less oxidization. In this process, powder particles are quickened by a process gas to supersonic velocity and impinge on the substrate, thereby establishing a higher adhesive bond between the substrate and the plastically deformed condition and eventually producing a deposition with the texture of the layer. However, the cohesive behaviour and metallurgical bonding is lower because of the lowest atomic diffusion among various splats of CS process with defects like pores, voids, and micro-cracks in the coating surface. It affects the properties of coating. In order to enhance the surface properties of coating, post-treatments are required. Heat treatment, friction stir processing, laser remelting, and shot peening are advanced treatments used to improve the performance of CS coatings. As a result, the mechanical, tribological, and electrochemical properties of post-treated samples are improved compared to coated samples.
Further verbal characteristics of Latin predicate nouns
Authors: Garzón Fontalvo Eveling , Tur Cristina
Published: February 2023

Events are prototypically expressed by verbs, but predicate nouns are also able to denote states of affairs. In this paper, we intend to analyse the verbal features of these nouns with a twofold purpose: on the one hand, we attempt to align the treatment of their complementation structures with Functional Grammar, addressing the different semantic participants involved in the event – arguments, adjuncts and disjuncts – and their syntactic codification. On the other hand, we describe and illustrate other verbal features that have not been considered as such so far, such as Aspect, Tense, Mood, and Voice. Additionally, in this work we highlight the special role played by collocations as a linguistic resource that allows the encoding of these verbal features.
Amm. 20.8.3–4, Quid Claudius Iulianus, a militibus Augustus appellatus, Constantio II binis litteris ad posteritatem adtentior scripserit
Authors: Calboli Gualtherius
Published: February 2023

I took into account an Ammianus passage, namely 20,8,3–4, where the text edited by all modern scholars has been marked with two crosses to show that the text is not sure. As a matter of fact in every modern edition we read: [Iulianus] quamquam non †repugnanter, tamen nec adrogantibus uerbis, quicquam scripsit, ne uideretur subito †repugnasse. Here the adverb tamen causes problems, because the reader expects to find quamquam non repugnanter, nec adrogantibus uerbis, quicquam scripsit without tamen. A solution is to place tamen after uerbis as Pighi and Seyfarth did to substitute quamquam non repugnanter, tamen nec adrogantibus uerbis, quicquam scripsit with quamquam non repugnanter, nec adrogantibus uerbis, tamen quicquam scripsit. But such a solution is too arbitrary. Another solution was proposed by Petschening, i.e. to replace non repugnanter with non repurganter. But the difference between non repugnanter and non repurganter was too reduced and a similar difficulty occurred also with repurganter. However, I considered more attentive the reading of the manuscript Fuldensis, the father of all manuscripts which transmitted Ammianus’ text, and found that the word tamen, which caused the problem, did not exist and was produced by modern editors from the following reading: repugnant certant
Vm1 repugnanter tamen m2 (V = Fuldensis). Here certant seems to have been introduced in order to explain the infrequent word repugnanter: repugnant certant of the first hand of V. The word certant was a gloss, and the reading of the second hand of V was produced by dividing and eliminating certant, the gloss, in this way: repugnan terr̭ tanῑ, where cer (of cer

tant
) was read ter, considering the great similarity of c and t in Carolingian script, and added to repugnant/. This produced repugnanter and what remained of certant (cer

tant
) was read tam which for its part was considered an abbreviation of tamen. On the other hand, I found in Ammianus some other examples of this behaviour employed by the librari, e.g. 22,8,29 Sauromatae, per quos amnes fluunt perpetui // Clark Rolfe Selem Seyfarth Fontaine Viansino per quosdam esfluit
Vm1 per quosđ/ amnes fluunt
Vm3. In this case quosđ/ am and the letter n added over and es from es

fluunt
has produced amnes, with the letter d deleted and another n placed over, thus arriving finally at the expression: per quos (i.e. Sarmatas) amnes fluunt perpetui: per quosđ
am

n

es fluu

n

t per petui
Vm3. A clear example how the librari of V worked.
A sampling technique for worldwide comparisons of language contact scenarios
Authors: Di Garbo Francesca , Napoleão de Souza Ricardo
Published: February 2023

Existing sampling methods in language typology strive to control for areal biases in typological datasets as a means to avoid contact effects in the distribution of linguistic structure. However, none of these methods provide ways to directly compare contact scenarios from a typological perspective. This paper addresses this gap by introducing a sampling procedure for worldwide comparisons of language contact scenarios. The sampling unit consists of sets of three languages. The Focus Language is the language whose structures we examine in search for contact effects; the Neighbor Language is genealogically unrelated to the Focus Language, and counts as the potential source of contact influence on the Focus Language; the Benchmark Language is a relative of the Focus Language neither in contact with the Focus nor with the Neighbor language, and is used for disentangling contact effects from genealogical inheritance in the Focus Language. Through this design, we compiled a sample of 49 three-language sets (147 languages in total), which we present here. By switching the focus of typological sampling from individual languages to contact relations between languages, our method has the potential of uncovering patterns in the diffusion of language structures, and how they vary and change.
Recycling waste sources into nanocomposites of graphene materials: Overview from an energy-focused perspective
Authors: Ikram Rabia , Mohamed Jan Badrul , Nagy Péter B. , Szabo Tamas
Published: February 2023

In line with the global recognition of waste-to-wealth concept aiming for circular economy, scientific articles are published in greatly increasing number on the eco-friendly and sustainable utilization of carbon nanocomposites. However, control on the structure and properties of waste-derived carbon nanomaterials still requires substantial future research. In this review, recycling materials into nanocomposites containing graphene are narrated by overviewing all the 120 publications currently available in the literature including their pioneering study in 2012 and their recent developments until 2022, focusing on energy-related aspects of functional graphene-based nanocomposites. Interestingly, almost all currently available sources report on composites in which graphene is a high value-added filler or matrix, and only the other phase originates from wastes. Flexibility of process parameters of pyrolysis methods enables the synthesis of biomass-derived graphene composites for virtually any kind of industrial applications. Biomass often acts both as carbon and SiO2 source, while only a few percentages of graphene material induce significant changes in their physicochemical properties. Utilization of wastes for energetic composites increases abruptly due to their outstanding price-to-value ratio and reusability. Future perspectives and current green chemistry or human health related challenges are also discussed to pave ways for new developments using unexplored waste sources.