bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الأسرار البيانية والمقاصد البلاغية من ورود الأمر في القرآن العظيم والرد على مطاعن المخالفين
Authors: Jouani Moulay Mehdi
Published: August 2022

A meticulous rhetorical article in a detailed scientific response to the non-scientific doctrine that denies the Sunnah of the prophet (PBUH) and attempts to nullify the cornerstone and the hypothesis of Fasting, from a rhetorical and intentional perspective of the occurrence of the matter in the holy Qur'an. My method in response was influenced by the approach of the Egyptian critic Dr. Mustafa Nassef in his book "A Second Reading of Our Old Poetry", where he made the structure of Arabic poetry a complex subject that requires a thorough analytical reading, in a medical sense, in order to dive into the body of the studied material and extracts its deep secrets and psychological facts instead of the superficial anatomical reading influenced by the Impressionism, which in his view and ours is an outdated reading. As for the goal of the research, it is to fathom out the secrets of the subject's rhetoric in the Great Quran, by defending its miraculous language from the insults of the ignorants and the appeals of haters who are unaware of its purposes. He concluded that it is necessary to confront the misconceptions of the invalidators with a sober scientific approach and a sound critical lesson. Keywords: eloquence, pragmatics, imperative in the Quran, criticism
أهمية تعلم المفردات بالسمات في بناء القدرة المعجمية لدى متعلم اللغة العربية لغة ثانية
Authors: Elmaskin Yassin
Published: August 2022

Through the current article, we seek to address one of the important problems facing the process of teaching and learning Arabic as a second language, mainly related to the vocabulary component. In order to defend the proposed proposition, which is to highlight the role of features in building the lexical ability of the learner of Arabic as a second language, we divided the article into three main axes. In the first axis, they discussed the role of traits in building entrances (listening and reading), in the second axis their role in storing vocabulary, and in the third axis their role in the production process (writing and speaking). Through all of this, we concluded that traits play an important role in building the lexical destiny of the learner of Arabic as a second language. Keywords: words, traits, word power, Arabic as a second language
Itinerário terapêutico de crianças com diabetes mellitus: revisão integrativa
Authors: Alves Farias Suelen , Pavanello Junkes Leticia , Beatriz de Borba Milena , Paula Cidral Ana , Ferreira Schultz Lidiane
Published: August 2022

Descrever o conhecimento produzido sobre os caminhos percorridos pelas crianças e seus familiares a partir do diagnóstico da Diabetes Mellitus. Revisão integrativa entre 2015-2021. Os artigos provenientes de banco de dados: LILACS, SCIELO Brasil , PUBMED e BDenf. Ocorreu entre os meses de março a abril de 2021. A análise dos estudos foi realizada de forma descritiva. Foram selecionados 11 artigos. Os estudos mostraram que as famílias percorrem uma peregrinação com sentimentos negativos pelos serviços de saúde, a preferência de atendimento é a rede secundária e terciária, demonstrando vínculo frágil com a atenção primária. As dificuldades são demora no atendimento, fragmentação da assistência, dificuldade de acesso às agendas e problemas logísticos. Constata-se ao longo da revisão as lacunas existentes no atendimento às crianças com DM, conhecer os caminhos percorridos e as dificuldades enfrentadas por essas famílias, permite a enfermeira compreender e sensibilizar o cuidado prestado aos tocantes. Destacamos, que a nossa pesquisa buscou compreender o itinerário terapêutico da criança com Diabetes Mellitus, sendo importante a realização de outras pesquisas acerca desse objetivo em outras faixas etárias a fim de ampliar a literatura e o debate sobre a assistência e cuidado à pessoa com Diabetes Mellitus no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Avaliação do tempo resposta à cena em envolvidos em acidentes de trânsito com motocicletas
Authors: Santos Souza Samuel , Paixão Cardoso Jefferson , Nery Adriana Alves , da Silva Oliveira Juliana
Published: August 2022

O estudo teve como objetivo: Analisar o tempo resposta (TR) do atendimento pré-hospitalar - Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) - em envolvidos em acidentes com motocicletas. Trata-se de um Estudo epidemiológico transversal de caráter descritivo. Análise realizada foi estatística descritiva. Dos atendimentos com TR inadequado 70,9% foram homens, na faixa etária entre 18 a 35 anos 66,1%, em via pública 90,1%, entre sexta-feira e domingo 56,8%, escoriações 48,5%, ferimento corto contuso 14,6% e fratura fechada 4,1%, dos atendimentos com TR inadequado, 92,8% e 80,4% os envolvidos foram conduzidos por uma unidade de suporte básico (USB), nessa ordem, com TR inadequado. A variável local do acidente apresentou valor de p < 0,001. O número elevado de atendimento realizado pelo SAMU com TR inadequado, revelou à necessidade de implementar medidas que encurte TR.
Processo de trabalho gerencial da estratégia de saúde da família sobre o olhar dos gerentes
Authors: G. L. Morais Roberta Laíse , Libanio Santana Gilmara , Magalhães da Silva Jair , Da Silva Oliveira Juliana
Published: August 2022

Essa revisão tem como objetivo conhecer a percepção de gerentes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família sobre o processo de trabalho gerencial. Para isso foi realizada busca nos portais: Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online, através dos descritores controlados: gerentes, estratégia de saúde da família e percepção. Foram encontrados 476 artigos, após a análise, elegeu-se uma amostra de 5 artigos que contemplavam o objetivo proposto no estudo. Identificou-se grandes desafios, como: precarização no trabalho, inadequação de estrutura física, falta de matérias e insumos básicos, falta de autonomia, sobrecarga de trabalho, desvalorização profissional; no entanto, existem as facilidades tais como o trabalho colaborativo em equipe, liderança democrática, infraestrutura e materiais adequados na unidade e busca continua por qualificação. Nesse sentido, é possível inferir que o gerenciamento é um processo complexo e singular, onde há necessidade de um olhar holístico dos gestores, autonomia e descentralização do poder. Outro aspecto importante é a valorização do trabalho em equipe, elemento crucial no desenvolvimento de atividades.
Condição e práticas de saúde bucal do deficiente visual
Authors: Alberti  Bonadiman Eduarda , Totola Knupp Lorenzo Aparecido , Rossi Sarlo Mariana , Furlan Furtado Gabriela
Published: August 2022

A deficiência visual é uma limitação sensorial com alteração da capacidade funcional da visão. O Deficiente Visual (DV) pode ser mais suscetível ao desenvolvimento de doenças bucais devido à limitação na identificação visual de sinais iniciais e na capacidade de remoção da placa. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever as condições de saúde bucal, bem como a abordagem mais adequada de educação em saúde. O estudo foi conduzido por meio de busca nos bancos de dados eletrônicos Scielo, Bireme e Pubmed, e sites de busca na internet, com artigos publicados em inglês e português entre os anos de 2008 a 2019.   O DV apresenta dificuldade em alcançar uma higiene bucal adequada devido à impossibilidade da detecção precoce das doenças bucais. Métodos tradicionais de ensino de higiene oral não são eficientes para o DV, sendo que as instruções verbais, texto em braille, demonstração tátil, material lúdico-pedagógico e palestras com orientações podem ser uma maneira eficaz de fornecer educação em saúde bucal. O DV possui maior acúmulo de biofilme dental, pior índice em higiene oral, doença periodontal, cárie e traumatismo. O Cirurgião-Dentista (CD) deve adotar um foco na prevenção e implantação de estratégias diferenciadas na abordagem e comunicação com esse público.
Theoretical value for the strong coupling constant
Authors: Pellis Stergios
Published: August 2022

In this paper we will study the strong coupling constant. The
recommended theoretical value for the strong coupling constant is
αs=Euler’s number/Gelfond’s constant. It will turn out that this value
is the key that solves many problems of Physics. We will find a lot of
formulas for the strong coupling constant. All these equations prove
that the value of the strong coupling constant depends on the energy
scale. First we will find the beautiful unity formulas that connect the
strong coupling constant and the fine-structure constant. These
equations are the simple unification of the strong nuclear and the
electromagnetic interactions. It will be presented the mathematical
formulas that connect the dimensionless physical constants with the
strong coupling constant. From these equations we reached the formula of
the unification of the strong nuclear,the electromagnetic and the
gravitational interactions. Also we will find the formula for the
Gravitational constant. Finally we will be presented the formula for the
cosmological constant. This unity formula is a simple analogy between
atomic physics and cosmology.  All these equations are simple,elegant
and symmetrical in a great physical meaning.
Reflected Beam Metasurface Controlled by Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Jiang Yilin , Pan Yuxuan , Yan Chengyue , Li Jinxin
Published: August 2022

Metasurface is a new type of electromagnetic material based on the
generalized Snell theorem . It can achieve different reflection and
incidence effects from natural materials, which has attracted extensive
attention in the field of electromagnetics. In this paper, a
one-dimensional metasurface is designed and simulated which can change
the reflected electromagnetic wave beam. The additional phase difference
on the metasurface unit is controlled by 1 bit coding to control the
direction of the reflected wave beam. Combined with the Deep Q Network
algorithm in the reinforcement learning tool, the coding corresponding
to the beam meeting the target direction is found.
Resequencing of grass carp populations in Asia reveals genetic diversity and selective adaptation
Authors: Xu xiaoyan , Wei Shang , Xie Lingli , Shen Yubang , Lu Ying , Li J.L.
Published: August 2022

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is an important economic and
ecological freshwater fish. Grass carp is a highly adaptive and has been
introduced around the world, making it a good model to explore genomic
divergence in diverse ecosystems. Habitat colonization often requires
extensive adaptation to cope with environmental challenges from
temperature and light variations; however, the associated genomic
mechanisms underlying evolution are unclear. To evaluate the genetic
diversity and selective adaptation in this species, we improved the
draft genome of female grass carp using a fine genetic map and performed
whole-genome resequencing to generalize genetic differentiations and
variations among eight populations across its distributional range in
Asia. Population structures analysis using principal component, linkage
disequilibrium decay, and admixture analyses revealed that the Asian
grass carp comprises two independent and genetically distinct
populations, which might have resulted from geographical distributions
with contrasting environments. The South Asia population exhibited
reduced genetic diversity and a distinct population structure compared
with those of the China and Vietnam populations. Genome selected sweep
analysis revealed many diverged genomic regions containing genes
enriched for the nervous system and epigenetic diversity-related genetic
variation. Finally, among 27 candidate genes located in selected
regions, the oxytocin gene had the highest Fst value, and is involved in
parturition, social behavior, growth, and developmental processes,
possibly contributing to the local adaptation of South Asia grass carp.
Our results suggested that grass carp genomic divergence has been
triggered and maintained by geographic isolation, revealing the genomic
basis of adaptation in this species.
Highly conductive, ultra-stretchable liquid metal composites engineered by magnetic field for robotic, wearable electronic, and medical applications
Authors: Hoang Trung Thien , Phan Phuoc Thien , Thai Mai Thanh , Davies James , Nguyen Chi Cong , Phan Hoang-Phuong , Lovell Nigel Hamilton , Do Thanh Nho
Published: August 2022

Stretchable composites comprising liquid metal (LM) inclusions and
silicone elastomers (LME composites) are of great interest in the design
of soft electronic and wearable devices. Soft conductors consisting of
highly deformable materials and low ratio of conductive fillers offer
high stretchability and good strain-tolerant conductance while not
compromising the functionality of their host systems. Despite advances,
actively achieving electrical conductivity for LME composites with a low
ratio of conductive fillers is challenging, especially in highly
deformable soft elastomers. This work introduces a new fabrication
strategy that turns non-conductive LME composites with highly deformable
elastomers into conductive ones using a small amount of magnetic
conductive fillers (e.g., Nickel particles and LM droplets). By actively
manipulating conductive fillers with an external magnetic field, the new
composite can sustainably achieve electrically conductive traces at any
desired locations. Experimental results show that the new LME composite
can achieve high conductivity of 2.55 x 10 S
m, high stretchability of over 450%, good
strain-tolerant conductance (R/R ~ 1.56
at 250% strain), and especially a tensile modulus as low as 60.1 kPa at
a very low loading ratio of conductive filler (9.7% by volume). The
non-contacting magnetic fabrication also enables the creation of diverse
configurations in 1D, 2D, and 3D forms, offering a broad range of
potential applications from stretchable electronics, wearable devices,
smart garments, to biomedical systems.
Complex life cycles drive community assembly through immigration and adaptive diversification
Authors: Saltini Marco , Vasconcelos Paula , Rueffler Claus
Published: August 2022

Most animals undergo ontogentic niche shifts during their life. Yet,
standard ecological theory builds on models that ignore this complexity.
Here, we study how complex life cycles, where juvenile and adult
individuals each feed on different sets of resources, affect community
richness. Two different modes of community assembly are considered:
gradual adaptive evolution and immigration of new species with randomly
selected phenotypes. We find that under gradual evolution complex life
cycles can lead to both higher and lower species richness when compared
to a model of species with simple life cycles that lack an ontogenetic
niche shift. Thus, complex life cycles do not per se increase the
scope for gradual adaptive diversification. However, complex life cycles
can lead to significantly higher species richness when communities are
assembled trough immigration, as immigrants can occupy isolated peaks of
the dynamic fitness landscape that are not accessible via gradual
evolution.
COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy during pregnancy: A Mixed Methods Social Media Analysis
Authors: Golder Su , McRobbie-Johnson Aiden , Klein Ari , Polite Florencia , Hernandez Graciela Gonzalez
Published: August 2022

Objective: To evaluate the reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy during
pregnancy from first-person reports. Design: We used regular expressions
to identify publicly available social media posts from pregnant people
expressing at least one reason for their decision not to accept COVID-19
vaccine. Setting: WhatToExpect and Twitter. Sample: 1017 posts from 945
pregnant people in WhatToExpect and 435 tweets from 345 pregnant people
in Twitter Methods: Two annotators manually coded posts according to the
Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) working group’s 3Cs
model of vaccine hesitancy (confidence, complacency, and convenience
barriers). Within each theme we created subthemes which emerged from the
data. Results: Confidence barriers were the most common (75%) and were
related to safety, waiting until after the 2nd trimester, birth or
breastfeeding, efficacy, misinformation or mistrust. Complacency
barriers were also common (52%) with people stating that they did not
need the vaccine because they were taking other precautions, were not at
risk or had already had COVID-19. Convenience barriers were the least
common (13%) with most of these related to medical advice or
eligibility. Some women gave more than one reason for their hesitancy
and many of the reasons were inter-linked. Conclusion: The reasons for
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy during pregnancy give a clear picture of the
public health messages required. Concerns around safety should be
addressed in a sensitive manner. The relative effectiveness of the
vaccine as compared with other precautions could be better promoted as
could the high-risk nature of a COVID-19 infection during pregnancy.
An Audit of Referrals to the Minor Operating Theater of the Patient Presenting in Otolaryngology OPD with Ear Discharge
Authors: Yasin Fatima , Awan Nukhbat ullah , Ahmad Shahzaib , Mehmood Qasim , Nawaz Talha
Published: August 2022

Abstract Introduction: Despite a larger frequency of OPD patients
requiring treatment, why is it not done in OPD should be addressed.
Because there is no suction equipment in the ENT OPD, these patients who
require suctioning are referred to ENT Emergency Room. This is a source
of undue inconvenience for patients. This not only poses a risk to
patient safety, but it also has major financial consequences, as well as
a negative impact on patient satisfaction, which is a key indicator of
treatment quality. Methods: This is a closed-loop audit cycle beginning
with recognition of the problem and assessing the magnitude of the
problem. Based on the burden of referrals to the MOT, the auditors
proposed the changes in practice under hospital OPD guidelines enacted
by Pakistan Otolaryngology Association. Results: A significant
percentage of 52.5 is requiring ear suction in the first audit cycle.
The percentage of patients that had to be referred to ENT OT decreased
from 52.5% in the previous audit to a significantly low value of 9.5%
in this audit. This clinic’s role is to decrease the burden of
referrals, reduce patients’ misery of going to the ER for suctioning,
and improve patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Our study discerns the
fact that the implementation of some simple protocols will lead to an
immense change. The resultant reduction in clinical activity will lead
to a reduction in the workload of the doctors too.
Extraction of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Kernel Skin Oil and Analysis of Its Nutritional Components
Authors: Li yufeng , Wang Lixia , Wei Dong , Cheng Yi , Wang Haisong , wang shuo
Published: August 2022

Apricot kernel skin (AKS) has not been fully utilized except a few used
as feed. In this study, the effect of extrusion pretreatment on the
extraction yield and acid value of AKS oil (AKSO) was investigated, and
the physicochemical properties, the composition of fatty acids and
triglycerides, the sn-2 fatty acids distribution, and the content of
various active ingredients in AKSO were further analyzed for the first
time. The results showed that AKS has 12.10% crude oil. AKSO contains
89.72% unsaturated fatty acids and is rich in tocopherols,
phytosterols, squalene and polyphenols. After AKS was extruded,
granulated, and extracted with hexane as a solvent, the acid value of
AKSO was significantly reduced and the extraction yield was 11.97%,
which confirmed its feasibility for the extraction of AKSO. From the
point of nutrition and cost-efficiency, AKS is a very promising
potential new oil-bearing resource, and AKSO can be used as a
nutritional oil in food, medicine or cosmetics.
The Hybrid Annuity Model for Public−Private Partnerships in India’s Road Sector: Lessons for Developing Asia
Authors: Shiwakoti Dinesh , Dey Devayan
Published: August 2022

This paper explores how the Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has been applied in public-private partnerships for road sector infrastructure investments in India. The Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has significant potential to enable developing members of the Asian Development Bank to boost investments in public infrastructure through public-private partnerships. The paper identifies the key drivers and innovative features of HAM. The innovative features include financial risk sharing between the government and private sector, amenable qualification criteria to sustain the supply and demand base beyond large companies, high project readiness requirements, and flexibility elements to promote innovation. The paper makes suggestions for enhancing the adoption of HAM in other sectors and countries.
International Business Cycle Synchronization: A Synthetic Assessment
Authors: Lee Hyun-Hoon , Park Cyn-Young , Pyun Ju Hyun
Published: August 2022

This paper presents findings from a study that synthetically assessed the three major transmission channels of international business cycles: trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), and portfolio flows between economies with multiple fixed effects. Results showed that real and financial integration generates heterogeneous impacts on business cycle comovement. Trade integration and greenfield FDI lead business cycle comovements, likely due to deepening intra-industry trade and dense global value chains. Higher debt market integration is associated with more synchronized business cycle comovement, while equity integration leads to business cycle divergence.
Organising Paid Domestic Workers in India: Analysing Collective Mobilisation Through a New Form of 'Unionism' in the Global South
Authors: Barua Padmaja
Published: August 2022

Paid domestic work constitutes one of the largest arenas of informal employment for poor women in urban India today, and as in many other parts of the world, it bears the hallmarks of informality: low wages, long working hours, low status, and the absence of comprehensive, uniformly applicable, national legislation that guarantees fair terms of employment, decent working conditions, and social protection. Even though domestic workers are largely perceived to be 'unorganisable', paid domestic workers in India are mobilizing and organizing, in spite of the obvious challenges related to their structural position as informal workers. In this chapter, I examine the strategies adopted by a left-oriented trade union in Mumbai, India, as they organize and mobilise a group of paid domestic workers in the city. I argue that in order to successfully organize this group of female workers, the trade union has had to develop an innovative and alternative form of unionism, one that addresses both material and sociocultural inequalities faced by their members by paying particular attention to the strategic intersections of their lives as workers and as poor women from lower castes and classes. This new and inventive organising model deployed by the union has been able to respond constructively to the precarity and vulnerability that structure the lives of the domestic workers, both as informal workers and as poor women living on the margins of Indian society with little access to social citizenship rights.
Territorial Analysis of Human-Crocodile Interactions in a Highly Urbanized Area of Northeastern Mexico
Authors: Cedillo Leal Cesar N
Published: August 2022

Ciudad Madero is an urban area with a high population density that has settled between the lagoon system of southern Tamaulipas (Northeast of Mexico). In these places, wetlands and mangroves are habitat for the swamp crocodile, with populations that have recovered due to the protection of the species. In recent years, more and more human-crocodile interactions have been recorded around bodies of water. We capture the information in a database, to be georeferenced and used in a geographic information system, in which we generate growing buffers from 100 to 500 meters of the lagoons and channels. 86% of the interactions occurred within 200 m or less of a body of water, concentrating on flat areas of former wetlands that became human settlements without paving in many of their streets and with a high population density. For this reason, we consider that these may be the areas with the greatest risk of human-crocodile interaction, and that is where prevention efforts and environmental education policies for the inhabitants of the municipality should be concentrated.
Breeding Aspects of the Toco Toucan and the Chestnut-eared Aracari (Aves, Ramphastidae) in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: P Tubelis Darius
Published: August 2022

Toucans are among the most conspicuous and famous birds in the Neotropics, but numerous aspects of their biology remain poorly known. The Toco Toucan (Ramphastos toco) and the Chestnut-eared Aracari (Pteroglossus castanotis) are commonly found in central Brazil, where studies on their breeding are scarce. The objective of this study was to examine aspects of their breeding in the Brazilian Cerrado. Searches for photographs with evidence of breeding activities were done in the WikiAves database. Citizens produced 126 records of copulations, nests, eggs and/or young. Records of the Toco Toucan (n = 92) tended to be concentrated in central and southeastern Cerrado, while those of the Chestnut-eared Aracari (n = 34) occurred mainly in its central and southwestern regions. Nests of the Toco Toucan were in hollows of palm and non-palm trees, termite nests and a pole. They were in native or human-modified habitats, and had 2–3 eggs or young in the early rainy period (OctoberDecember). On the other hand, nests of the Chestnut-eared Aracari were in hollows of non-palm trees in unknown habitats; regarding these records, a single nestling was found in the nest entrance in November, and clutch and brood sizes were unknown. Records of copulations, eggs and young in the nest indicate that the onset of breeding season of both species occurs from the late dry season to the early rainy season. Records of young indicate that the breeding seasons might reach the dry season in the Cerrado. Citizen science can improve our knowledge about toucans.
A New Era in the Management of Tumors in Dogs Based on Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Ruggero Errante Paolo
Published: August 2022

The naturally occurring high-grade invasive transitional cell carcinoma or canine invasive urothelial carcinoma localized in bladder can be successfully treated surgically, however, at time of your diagnosis, it may present itself at an advanced stage, and distant metastases occur in 50% of cases. The urothelial carcinoma has a poor prognosis due to its muscle-invasive nature and high degree of metastases to regional lymph nodes or distant organs
Evident Sexual Dimorphism in the Shape of Subadults of Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei, Characidae)
Authors: Casanova Pere Miquel Parés
Published: August 2022

The fish species known as “lambari” inhabit small streams, lakes, and large rivers throughout the entire tropical environment of the New World; however, there is limited quantitative information regarding its morphological variations. Our investigation was aimed at studying the sexual dimorphism in subadults of Astyanax altiparanae, using geometric morphometrics to compare sexes in terms of not only size (height and weight) but also shape. A total of 47 specimens (34 males and 13 females) was randomly collected. Photographs of the lateral plane were obtained without sacrificing the specimens, and eight landmarks were placed in the images. The results showed statistically significant differences between sexes. The length of the snout and thickness of the abdomen and caudal peduncle were greater in females, whereas males presented greater dorsal curvature. Females had tall and robust bodies, whereas males were longer and thinner. The difference in shape is probably associated with the species' defensive or survival strategies. However, whether there are ecological advantages or behavioral aspects in sexual dimorphism is still poorly understood, and further research is required to provide data that can explain the causes.
The Relationship between COVID-19 and Domestic Animals
Authors: Chengolova Zlatina Rumenova
Published: August 2022

In recent years, a number of diseases have been observed in humans that have their beginning in animal pathogens. The most recent example is the pandemic that shook the whole world - COVID-19. There have been many discussions about the onset of this disease, and since the pandemic was announced, in-depth research has been conducted on the pathogen and the development of the disease in humans. But research on the role of domestic animals in this pandemic has not been sufficiently studied. There are case reports of single cases or a small group of animals. There is a need to deepen research in that area. This mini-review examines and discusses some of the reported cases and aims to direct the scientific community to research on the role of domestic animals in the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To discuss the information about connection of the COVID-19 patients and the spread of the virus from their domestic animals.
Establishment of Disease Surveillance Systems in Rural Communities of Sierra Leone
Authors: Suluku Roland
Published: August 2022

Using the native intelligence of rural people to establish a surveillance system reduces morbidity, mortality, poverty, and zoonotic and neglected disease outbreaks among humans and animals. People in rural communities constantly interact with domestic and wildlife, placing them at high risk of exposure to diseases. Health personnel is unevenly distributed, with the majority in the capital cities, making rural communities lack professional health personnel and health care service providers. Poverty limited rural people’s access to health care facilities. Emerging disease outbreaks resulting from complicated environmental changes pose a fundamental challenge in low-income countries, impacting the foundation of human and animal health. People find it difficult to reach medical centers due to a lack of funds. The Animal Health Club engaged thirty (30) villages in a focus group discussion and in-depth interview. Animal Health Club used information obtained to develop a semistructured questionnaire (600) and observed the people during the talks. Community people identify nine sources of diseases, including humans, poultry, wildlife, pets, ruminants’ crops, water, toilets, and garbage dump. The people elected/selected an executive to organize and nominate people to surveillance the nine sources of diseases. Large villages were divided into zones, while smaller villages remain the same. The people identified ten domestic animals and twenty-four wildlife animals in their communities and some diseases associated with them. They also revealed a high level of interaction between domestic, wildlife, and humans in towns and bush in their respective communities. Rural people believed animals transfer diseases to humans in various ways. However, people contract diseases more from human-human interaction than human- animals interaction. The study’s main objective was to explore livestock and wildlife disease interface and transmission chains within the human population in the selected communities and establish community-level epidemiological surveillance systems to reduce disease incidence.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Endoparasites in Captive Wild Animals at Aurangabad Municipal Corporation Zoo, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Shafi Tawheed Ahmad
Published: August 2022

The present work was conducted on captive wild animals to study the prevalence of gastrointestinal endoparasites during three seasons (winter, summer and monsoon). In total 126 (45 Carnivores, 24 Herbivores, 1 Omnivore, 21 Birds, and 33 Reptiles) feacal samples were examined out of which 54 (24 Carnivores, 18 Herbivores, 2 Omnivore, 10 Birds, and 7 Reptiles) were positive for one or more parasites with prevalence of 48.41%. The study revealed statistically significant difference in the prevalence of endoparasites in winter (61.90%) as compared to summer (38.09%) and monsoon (45.23%). The prevalence of GI endoparasites was 53.33 % in carnivores (winter 66.66%, summer 46.66%, monsoon 46.66%), 75% in herbivores (winter 87.5%, summer 62.5%, monsoon 75%), 66.66% in omnivores (winter 100%, summer 100%, monsoon 0%), 47.61% in birds (winter 71.42%, summer 28.57%, monsoon 42.85%) and 21.21% in reptiles (winter 27.27%, summer 9.09%, monsoon 27.27%). Common GI endoparasites in carnivores were Toxocara spp., Strongyle spp., Trichuris spp., Ascaris spp. and Eimeria spp., in herbivores Strongyle spp., Schistosoma spp. and Eimeria spp., and in birds Ascaris spp. and Eimeria spp. The data obtained in this work could be used for implementation of effective management strategies against gastrointestinal endoparasites of various captive wild animal species.
Eco-Economically Indispensable Borneo-Endemic Flora and Fauna: Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus), Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides), Engkabang (Shorea macrophylla), Sarawak Rasbora (Rasbora sarawakensis) and Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu)
Authors: Whye Kit Lim Leonard
Published: August 2022

The Borneo Island is the third-largest island and one of the greenest islands on earth. It is the natural habitat to various endemic flora and fauna such as the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus), Malaysian mahseer (Tor tambroides), engkabang (Shorea macrophylla), Sarawak rasbora (Rasbora sarawakensis) and sago palm (Metroxylon sagu). In this mini review, we ventured into the current research, eco-economical aspects and potentials of each species and further provided future perspectives and recommendations to drive future research to greater heights besides supporting conservation endeavours.
Reproduction and Condition Indices-Body Structures Adjusted Means Comparison of Silver Perch (Bairdiella chrysoura) from Tampamachoco Lagoon, Northeastern Mexico
Authors: Salgado-Ugarte Isaías Hazarmabeth
Published: August 2022

Background: The study of reproduction and condition are fundamental topics in fisheries science. To this aim, there are several methods including Gonadosomatic index, Condition factors (Fulton, Ricker, relative) and hepatosomatic index. These traditional methods present several drawbacks (ratio indices with variability and distribution problems; assumption of linear relationships and of independence from length, focus on the intercept of linear models, etc.). In this study, we present an application of the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to analyze reproduction and condition of Bairdiella chrysoura from Tampamachoco Lagoon compared with some traditional indexes. Methods: This comparison takes into account the biological data (lengths and weights) collection of 9,505 individuals of B. chrysoura registered during an annual period (May 1990- June 1991) at five localities in the Western side of the Tampamachoco Lagoon, Mexico. We compared Gonadosomatic index, Relative Condition Factor and Hepatosomatic index values to lengthadjusted means of gonad, eviscerated and liver weights from the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) of females, males and indeterminate sex individuals. Results: High gonad, low hepatic and condition mean values (adjusted by MANCOVA) indicated the spawning period (February to March). The opposite trend among gonad weight with both, liver and somatic weights appears to indicate the metabolism focusing on gonad development for the onset of the spawning season. The patterns described by the adjusted means from MANCOVA were highly correlated and synchronic to the traditional index values. Conclusions: Therefore, the length-adjusted mean values of gonad, eviscerated body, and liver weights represent a useful alternative to the common ratio based estimators.
Acipensor Stellatus, Rutilus (Rutilus) Caspicus, Leuciscus Cephalus Orientalis of the Fauna of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic Faunistic Analysis of Fishes
Authors: Karimova Shafa
Published: August 2022

Summarizing the obtained literature materials and the results of our research, it was determined that 33 fish species or subspecies consisting of 6 groups, 9 chapters and 28 genera are distributed in the waters of Nakhchivan AR. Acipenser stellatus - A fairly large fish, its adult individuals in the ichthyofauna of Azerbaijan vary in body length from 105 to 225 cm and weight from 9 to 73 kg. The body stretches. Rutilus rutilus caspicus - A number of esophageal teeth, gingival teeth are sparse and rough. It is the only widespread species in Azerbaijan. The body, slightly flattened on the sides, is covered with fairly large scales. The eyes are large, the iris is red. Leuciscus cephalus orientalis - Fish is distinguished by broad and rigid forehead, cylindrical and large scales. The eyes are big and bright.
Findings of Fluke Prosolecithus Danubica (Trematoda, Dicrocoeliidae) in Shrews in South-West Belarus
Authors: Shimalov Vladimir Vasilievich
Published: August 2022

The helminthological examination of one hundred sixty-three specimens of shrews of four species (2 bicoloured white-toothed shrews, 139 common shrews, 14 lesser shrews, 8 water shrews) captured on drainage channel banks of eight reclamation systems in Brest Polesie (Brest, Zhabinka and Malorita districts of Brest region; South-West Belarus) during 2015–2020 were carried out. 5.1 % examined common shrews were infected with fluke Prosolecithus danubica Tkach et Bray, 1995. Number of helminth specimens varied from 1 to 32. The result of previous studies in this region was also taken into account. A total of fluke P. danubica found in eight specimens of common shrews lives on drainage channel banks in four reclamation systems of Brest Polesie (2 systems were located in Brest district and 2 systems were located in Malorita district, South-West Belarus). All helminths were found in gall-bladder and/or bile-ducts of the liver. The information about shrews infected this fluke are presented. This investigation expands the areal of fluke P. danubica in Europe.
First-Time Event in Lebanon: Releasing 2 Birds with GPS Trackers
Authors: Sawan Michel
Published: August 2022

Lebanon is situated on one of the most important lines of migration in the world, the African-Eurasian Flyway. Unfortunately, millions of birds are killed/taken each year in an illegal way. Some of them were retained from poachers or reported by environmental activists or civilian as alive, transmitted to the Raptor Rescue Center managed by the Lebanese Association for Migratory Birds to follow a program of rehab and release after achieving a successful assessment of state of health with a GPS tracker on their back, to monitor the choice of their second chanced life. None of the birds continued his migration, the Black Kite Milvus migran went to Syria and came back to the Lebanese bords. The Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus stayed roaming in the area until the GPS tracker shutdown.
Thermomechanical Factors of Strength, Service Life and Crack Resistance of the Welded Joints at Low Climatic Temperatures
Authors:   IMASH RAS, Makhutov N.A. , Gadenin M.M. ,   IMASH RAS
Published: August 2022

It is shown that solving the problems of design, fabrication and operation of the complex engineering structures is associated with the need for scientific and technological substantiation of the strength, durability, and crack resistance of the critical welded joints of their load-bearing parts, especially under the conditions of low climatic temperatures in Siberia and the North. Basis of such solutions are the results of the analytical, numerical, and experimental studies in such key areas as thermomechanical, thermochemical, diffusion, structural and mechanical features of the formation of a welded joint, including the geometry and structural inhomogeneity of welds and zones near the weld, stress concentration, presence of the defects and deformation level, residual welding stresses, as well as the kinetics of stress-strain states in the zones of the welded joints. It is noted that for ensuring and improving performance of the structures, machines, and equipment in the northern modification with the use of welding, a large complex of research, development, design, control, diagnostic, supervision, and commissioning work was developed and implemented. Among them are the creation of new structural materials with an increased level of cold resistance and the development of new welding materials, technological processes for welding and subsequent treatments with ensuring uniformity of the local mechanical properties.
Economic Consequences of Fires at the Industrial Facilities
Authors:   DNPR EMERCOM of Russia, Polekhin P.V. , Poroshin A.A. ,   FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Zagumennova M.V. ,   FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Firsov A.G. ,   FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Published: August 2022

The issue of formalizing the concept of «risk» is considered taking into account its components in the form of harm (damage) to legally protected values. The problem is studied related to developing the methods for assessing harm (damage) of various scale and severity that can be inflicted on legally protected values. Analysis was carried out concerning fires and their consequences in the buildings (structures) for industrial purposes with division into various industries. In the period from 2015 to 2018, the share of fires without material damage was about 77 %, and since 2019 it has increased to 95 %. Data is provided on the economic damage from fires, and information on the number of damaged and destroyed buildings (structures) in various branches of industry for 2020–2021. It was found that the proportion of fires with unregistered material damage at the industrial facilities is about 80 % of the total number of fires. Such an indicator testifies the urgency of the problem of developing and applying computational methods for assessing economic damage from fires that complement the official departmental statistics. Based on the regulations of the Methodological Recommendations on the organization of the calculation of material damage from fires, the officials of the state fire supervision authorities carried out calculations of the direct material damage from fires in the industrial sector. Use of the calculation methods will allow to improve the accuracy of assessing material damage from fires at the industrial facilities. This helps to reduce the proportion of fires without confirmed damage, and to more correct determination of their economic consequences.
Features of Fire Risk Analysis in the Electrical Switchboards
Authors:   FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia, Bokov G.V. , Smelkov G.I. ,   FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia, Pekhotikov V.A. ,   FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia, Ryabikov A.I. ,   FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: August 2022

In Russia, a third of all fires annually occur from the electrical equipment. One of the first places in the fire statistics is occupied by the switchboards and their components. For the purpose to optimize the use of fire protection measures, it becomes quite obvious and appropriate to use the requirements of the technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union on a risk-oriented approach when developing methods for assessing and ensuring fire safety of the electrical products. For solving this problem, the publications of the International Electrotechnical Commission are focused on a qualitative analysis of the risk of a fire emergence, while in Russia a quantitative risk assessment in the electrical products is used by determining the likelihood of a fire emergence, and for an object — and damage from it. It is shown that for the switchboards it is advisable to combine qualitative and quantitative fire risk analyzes. For this, it is proposed, on the basis of a qualitative risk analysis, the provisions of which are presented in DS/IEC TR 63054:2017, to establish connections between the events that contribute to the fire emergence in the switchboards according to the electrical circuit, and taking into account the failure rates of the component elements in accordance with GOST 12.1.004—91 determine the probabilities of failure and ignition of the elements, as well as the resulting probability of a fire emergence from the switchboard. An example of the use of qualitative analysis for risk assessment is an experimental assessment of the possibility of emergence and propagation of combustion in a two-section switchboard, based on the results of which the practical recommendations are given. Practical implementation of the provisions set forth in the article will allow to justify the need for additional fire protection measures (modification of the product) or their sufficiency, and thereby reduce the number of fires from the switchgears.
Imam Mahdi And Jesus Christ Role In Establishing The Divine Government
Authors: khanghah Reza
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This article covers the events and incidents predicted before and after the appearance of Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ. This article seeks to address the facts and inform you about the system of government of Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ. Also, miracles and the titles of Imam Mahdi are other topics that were mentioned in this article. Also, this research was conducted to answer and clarify three questions that stated in the Introduction section.

Methods: We performed our methods in 4 stages: Identifying studies, Selection of Studies, Collating Studies, Reporting results.

Results: Imam Mahdi's world government follows the pattern of the Prophet's method of rule in early Islam. Jesus Christ has a special status in the Quranic literature and in the hadith, and plays a special role in establishing the divine government with Imam Mahdi. Imam Mahdi's system of government is unlike any government the world has ever known.

Conclusion: Among the issues that exist in the apocalypse, we are faced with an issue called Imam Mahdi. In fact, Imam Mahdi is the savior of Muslims and all people with Jesus Christ. Imam Mahdi will form a just government in the world like his ancestors. We hope this article will take an important step in acquainting people with Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ and paving the ground for their reappearance.
“Não contavam com a minha astúcia”
Authors: Sobreiro Filho José , Lima Emilly Firmino Oliveira , Couto Danielle Costa Carrara
Published: August 2022

Enquadradas como guerras de Novo Tempo ou de Quarta-Geração, as Guerras Híbridas são um tipo de conflito que tem sido cada vez mais estudado devido ao seu caráter de inovação em relação aos outros formatos e gerações de guerras. Marcadas pela incerteza, assimetria e não linearidade, elas se estruturam em um campo no qual as conectividades proporcionadas, especialmente pela Internet, apontam a necessidade de contestar e superar a crença de que as redes sociais seriam um hiato ouautônomas em relação ao espaço. Visto isso e a relação entre território, circulação de informações e o desenvolvimento das guerras indiretas, o presente artigo pretende refletir o fenômeno das guerras indiretas e o desenvolvimento das políticas contenciosas que, via os movimentos socioterritoriais de esquerda, adquirem caráter subversivo. Para isso, este artigo foi dividido em três tópicos diferentes, abordando em primeiro lugar o contexto que permite a existência da Guerra Híbrida e o que a justifica; no segundo momento, o desenvolvimento das políticas contenciosas; e, no terceiro, tem como objetivo provocar a análise sobre estes conflitos em transformação.
IMPLEMENTASI KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER ROHANI ISLAM DALAM PEMBINAAN AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA NEGERI 17 KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Muh Azhar Ma’ru f  , Muhammad Amri  , Mania Sitti
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perencanaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dalam pembinaan akhlak, pelaksanaan kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler kemudian evaluasi kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dalam pengembangan akhlak siswa SMA Negeri 17 Bone. Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologis, sumber data berasal dari Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah, Pembina ekstrakurikuler. Guru PAI, dan Siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, perencanaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dalam kegiatan sehari-hari, mingguan, bulanan dan tahunan. Kegiatan harian seperti meliputi shalat dhuha berjamaah, kegiatan mingguan seperti Jum'at Aksara, kegiatan bulanan seperti infaq bulanan dan Perayaan Hari Besar Islam. Evaluasi kegiatan tersebut dapat dilihat dari kedisiplinan, kebersihan lingkungan, kepedulian terhadap sesama, dan karakter religius siswa.