bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Bullseye: HST, Keck/KCWI, and Dragonfly Characterization of a Giant Nine-ringed Galaxy
Authors: Pasha Imad , van Dokkum Pieter G. , Liu 刘 Qing 青 , Bowman William P. , Janssens Steven R. , Keim Michael A. , Neufeld Chloe , Abraham Roberto
Published: February 2025

We report the discovery and multiwavelength follow-up of LEDA 1313424 (“Bullseye”), a collisional ring galaxy (CRG) with nine readily identified rings—the most so far reported for a CRG. These data shed new light on the rapid, multiring phase of CRG evolution. Using Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging, we identify and measure nine ring structures, several of which are “piled up” near the center of the galaxy, while others extend to tens of kiloparsecs scales. We also identify faint patches of emission at large radii (~70 kpc) in the HST imaging and confirm the association of this emission with the galaxy via spectroscopy. Deep ground-based imaging using the Dragonfly Telephoto Array finds evidence that this patch of emission is part of an older, fading ring from the collision. We find that the locations of the detected rings are an excellent match to predictions from analytic theory if the galaxy was a 10-ring system whose outermost ring has faded away. We identify the likely impacting galaxy via Keck/KCWI spectroscopy, finding evidence for gas extending between it and the Bullseye. The overall size of this galaxy rivals that of known giant low surface brightness galaxies (GLSBs) such as Malin I, lending credence to the hypothesis that CRGs can evolve into GLSBs as their rings expand and fade. Analysis of the H i content in this galaxy from ALFALFA finds significantly elevated neutral hydrogen with respect to the galaxy's stellar mass, another feature in alignment with GLSB systems.
Dimorphos’s Material Properties and Estimates of Crater Size from the DART Impact
Authors: Stickle Angela M. , Kumamoto Kathryn M. , Graninger Dawn M. , DeCoster Mallory E. , Caldwell Wendy K. , Pearl Jason M. , Owen J. Michael , Barnouin Olivier , Collins Gareth S. , Daly R. Terik , Herreros Isabel , Ormö Jens , Sunshine Jessica , Ernst Carolyn M. , Hirabayashi Toshi , Marchi Simone , Parro Laura , Agrusa Harrison , Bruck Syal Megan , Chabot Nancy L. , Cheng Andy F. , Davison Thomas M. , Dotto Elisabetta , Fahenstock Eugene G. , Ferrari Fabio , Jutzi Martin , Lucchetti Alice , Luther Robert , Mitra Nilanjan , Pajola Maurizio , Raducan Sabina , Ramesh KT , Rivkin Andrew S. , Rossi Alessandro , Sánchez Paul , Schwartz Stephen R. , Soldini Stefania , Steckloff Jordan K. , Tusberti Filippo , Wünnemann Kai , Zhang Yun
Published: February 2025

On 2022 September 26, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft intentionally collided with Dimorphos, the moon of the binary asteroid system 65803 Didymos. This collision provided the first full-scale test of a kinetic impactor for planetary defense. Images from DART’s DRACO camera revealed Dimorphos to be an oblate spheroid covered in boulders of varying sizes and shapes. Very little was known about Dimorphos prior to DART’s impact, including its shape, structure, and material properties. Approach observations and those following the DART impact have provided crucial knowledge that narrows the parameter space relevant to modeling the impact into Dimorphos. Here we present the results of a suite of hydrocode simulations of the DART impact on Dimorphos. Despite remaining uncertainties, initial models of DART’s kinetic impact provide important information about the results of DART (e.g., potential crater size and morphology, ejecta mass) and the properties of Dimorphos. Simulations here suggest that Dimorphos has near-surface strength ranging from a few Pascals to tens of kPa, which corresponds to crater sizes of ∼40–60 m. Simulated crater sizes provide a crucial comparison metric for the European Space Agency Hera mission when it arrives at the Didymos system. Hera’s measurement of crater size in combination with measurement of Dimorphos’s mass will allow us to assess our simulations and provide the information needed to make the DART impact experiment both the first test of a planetary defense mitigation mission and the first full-scale planetary defense simulation validation exercise.
Scholarly publication of barcoding data
Authors: Georgiev Teodor , Stoev Pavel , Boyadzhieva Iva , Penev Lyubomir
Published: February 2025

This presentation focuses on innovative approaches and best practices for the scholarly publication of barcoding data, emphasizing the importance of data publishing in academic contexts. It introduces the core principles of scholarly data publishing, highlighting key concepts such as "findability," "accessibility," "interoperability," and "reusability of digital assets," all aligned with the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable). The discussion outlines two primary methods for publishing data: through scholarly journals, where data is integrated with peer-reviewed articles, and via data aggregators like BOLD, GenBank, and GBIF.

The significance of scholarly data publishing is underscored, noting benefits such as establishing priority for data collections, providing credit and recognition to researchers involved in data generation, enhancing metadata quality through peer review, and ensuring better data discoverability via DOIs and journal indexing.

The processes for importing and exporting data, along with examples of successful workflows incorporating structured specimen records, are demonstrated.

Additionally, the role of data papers as a mechanism for data publishing is explored, highlighting the potential for the automated conversion of metadata into manuscripts using tools like ARPHA. Barcode reference libraries (simple tables containing data about the relationships between taxa and their sequences) can also be published as standalone data papers.

In conclusion, it is essential to publish your data (sequences, specimens, etc.) in data aggregators, associate these with scientific articles, and adhere to the FAIR principles while including relevant identifiers.
Annual counts over time of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) catches in fishing grounds with respect to stocking events
Authors: Adamek Zdenek
Published: February 2025

Background. The rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792), is a popular species for Czech recreational fishing, both on trout fishing grounds and even some designated as non-trout waters if they have sufficient environmental quality. Rainbow trout are usually stocked using a ‘put-and-take’ management approach, in which the majority of fish are caught and harvested during the fishing season.

Methods. Rainbow trout stocking and return data in anglers´ catches were analysed with respect to the time period between stocking and catch and evaluated the rates of return. Two differently managed types of fishing grounds were taken into account – the non-trout and trout grounds. The study was conducted on five fishing grounds (four rivers) in the Czech Republic.

Results. The data suggest that the average proportion of stocked rainbow trout caught during the first two weeks after release on non-trout fishing ground is 92.3 %, significantly (P < 0.001) higher than the 64.1 % taken from designated trout grounds. On the trout fishing grounds, rainbow trout tend to be caught more evenly throughout the fishing season. Mean total individual return rates ranged between 36.8 and 53.4 % in the non-trout fishing ground and between 29.8 and 68.4 % in the trout fishing ground. The respective weight return rates were 47.7–79.5% in the non-trout fishing ground and 34.4–75.3% in the trout fishing ground with no significant differences in individual (P = 0.50) and weight (P = 0.19) returns.

Conclusion. The vast majority of rainbow trout are caught and harvested shortly after being stocked. The proportion of stocked fish caught within two weeks of release in non-trout fishing grounds is significantly higher than in trout grounds. Stocked rainbow trout tend to be caught more evenly throughout the fishing season in trout fishing grounds due to lower angling pressure. Both individual and weight returns for the entire year (season) were similar in non-trout and trout areas.
Percepciones erróneas y polarización afectiva: evidencias desde España
Authors: Crespo Martínez Ismael , Mora Rodríguez Alberto , Rojo Martínez José Miguel
Published: February 2025

¿Qué efecto tienen las percepciones erróneas en nuestros sentimientos hacia un partido? La investigación sobre el impacto de las percepciones erróneas en la hostilidad intergrupal está adquiriendo cada vez mayor importancia dentro de los estudios sobre polarización afectiva en el ámbito norteamericano. Sin embargo, apenas se ha atendido a esta cuestión en Europa. Usamos datos de la II Encuesta Nacional de Polarización Política en España llevada a cabo por el CEMOP en 2022 para evidenciar que los niveles más altos de desviación perceptiva en el país se producen respecto a lo que piensan el conjunto de electores sobre los votantes de Vox. Además, se comprueba que, cuanto mayores son las percepciones erróneas, mayores son los sentimientos de rechazo hacia los partidos de la derecha, algo que no sucede con las formaciones de izquierdas. Nuestro estudio tiene importantes implicaciones para el entendimiento de los orígenes de la polarización afectiva y el papel que juegan los estereotipos partidistas en este proceso.
Sharing fact checking corrections in polarized political environments: A study of context and disambiguation
Authors: Aruguete Natalia , Calvo Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Social media platforms have long been considered a source of polarization. They are also considered a key mechanism for amplifying misinformation and spreading false, distorted, and decontextualized information. In such polarized environments, fact-checking interventions are of the utmost importance. This article aims to understand whether polarizing partisan messages also hinder the circulation of fact-checking corrections. Specifically, we test whether exposure to polarizing political messages next to fact-checking messages alters the propensity of users to share messages (destructive interference) or increases their circulation (constructive interference). Using a survey experiment conducted in Argentina during the National Midterm Election of 2022, we measure the propensity to share fact checks when placed alongside partisan messages. Our results show that polarizing political messages increase the propensity to share fact checks (constructive interference) instead of reducing circulation. This is a positive outcome, demonstrating that interventions to reduce the spread of misinformation are more likely to be shared in partisan political environments. Therefore, while polarization increases the rate at which misinformation is produced, it may also facilitate the circulation of its corrections.
Muerte infantil en época ibérica: el complejo arqueológico de Ullastret (Girona, Cataluña)
Authors: Sandoval-Ávila Carolina , Martirosyan Ani , Cuesta-Aguirre Daniel R. , Jordana Xavier , Nociarová Dominika , De Prado Gabriel , Santos Cristina , Malgosa Assumpció
Published: February 2025

Una de las cuestiones más discutidas con relación a la cultura ibérica es el origen y el significado de los enterramientos infantiles, que aparecen habitualmente bajo el pavimento de determinados espacios domésticos. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las inhumaciones infantiles de la ciudad ibérica de Ullastret (Girona, Cataluña) mediante una metodología antropológica que incide en la morfología, histología y genética como forma de evaluar las hipótesis planteadas hasta ahora: muertes debidas a causas naturales, posibles infanticidios o sacrificios rituales. El análisis de las 15 inhumaciones perinatales identificadas por el momento señala un patrón de mortalidad por causas naturales, aunque se observa un mayor número de individuos femeninos. El rango de edad sugiere que la mayoría de las muertes ocurrieron alrededor del nacimiento y en la etapa postnatal. Los resultados son consistentes con la idea de que estos enterramientos infantiles seguían normas sociales para individuos que morían en momentos tempranos de la vida.
Des régimes de mobilité en Afrique : politiques, territorialités, usages et régionalisation
Authors: Cassarini Camille , Cassarino Jean-Pierre , Dauchy Alizée , Perrin Delphine
Published: February 2025

Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les études sur les migrations et les frontières en Afrique ont considérablement évolué, notamment à la lumière de l’externalisation des politiques migratoires européennes. Ce phénomène a marqué un véritable tournant dans l’analyse des mobilités en Afrique. Cependant, une approche trop focalisée sur les impacts des politiques européennes a parfois éclipsé d’autres dimensions essentielles des politiques migratoires sur le continent. Cet article propose une analyse multidimensionnelle en intégrant des perspectives géographiques, politiques, juridiques et socio-anthropologiques afin de mieux comprendre la complexité des régimes de mobilité en Afrique. Dans cet article, nous présentons quatre dimensions principales à travers lesquelles se manifestent ces régimes : la territorialisation des frontières, l’instrumentalisation politique des mobilités, les tensions entre intégration régionale et souverainetés nationales, et les rapports altérés entre États et sociétés.
How Public Policies and Social Capital Secure Professional Insertion and Livelihoods? Insights from Haitian Migrant Farm Workers in Guadeloupe
Authors: Fréguin-Gresh Sandrine , Angeon Valérie
Published: February 2025

This article examines the livelihood trajectories of Haitian migrants working in agriculture in Guadeloupe, considering the mechanisms contributing to their resilience/vulnerability. It proposes a conceptual framework that combines the sustainable livelihoods approach and the notion of “circulatory-transformative capacities” inspired by Sen. Through the analysis of capital and resources, individual choices and socio-economic trajectories, this framework allows us to understand the room for maneuver of migrants to achieve their life goals. The qualitative survey reveals how migrants mobilize, accumulate and circulate capital to support their strategies. It also highlights the influence of key resources on their trajectories and their vulnerability/resilience. Finally, it shows the importance of social capital and public policies to secure migrants’ incomes, thus offering avenues for public action.
Un fantôme dans la machine. Esprit de corps et survie de l’État chez Bourdieu et Deleuze-Guattari
Authors: Hervet Céline
Published: February 2025

Transposant sur le plan politique le problème épineux de l’union du corps et de l’esprit, cet article s’interroge sur ce qui produit la cohésion du corps politique, à travers une enquête sur la genèse et la survie de l’institution étatique au prisme de la notion d’esprit de corps. Si Bourdieu s’appuie sur les travaux de Kantorowicz pour penser la genèse de l’État moderne à travers la sécularisation progressive de l’idée d’incarnation du corps collectif par le souverain sous la forme d’une adhésion sans faille au corps collectif incorporé qui se donne à voir dans le lien indéfectible unissant entre eux par-delà le temps et la mort les membres des grands corps de l’État ; Deleuze et Guattari, dans leur hétérogenèse de l’État, mobilisent Ibn Khaldûn, qui confère à l’esprit de corps un rôle moteur dans l’histoire des États, leur croissance comme leur déclin. Le croisement de ces deux corpus met au jour l’ambivalence de l’esprit de corps, ferment d’union et de cohésion du corps politique nécessaire à la naissance comme à la survie de l’État, mais qui, par sa nature même, peut le fragiliser. Soit que ce lien qui unit les individus se distende au sein de la société civile à mesure que les relations contractuelles supplantent les liens affectifs. Soit qu’en favorisant une autonomisation de certains groupes au sein même de l’appareil d’État et de la société, il hante la machine de l’État comme un fantôme et menace son unité et la préservation de l’intérêt général dont il est le garant.
Parcours d’un récit : de l’expédition de Ḫālid b. al-Walīd auprès des Banū Ǧaḏīma à l’histoire d’amour de ʿAlqama et Ḥubayša (iie/viiie-viiie/xive siècles)
Authors: Balda-Tillier Monica
Published: February 2025

Pendant six siècles après sa naissance dans la Sīra nabawiyya d’Ibn Isḥāq au iie/viiie siècle, le ḫabar qui relate l’expédition de Ḫālid b. al-Walīd chez les Banū Ǧaḏīma ne cessa de réapparaître dans des ouvrages appartenant à des genres littéraires divers. La présente étude décrit les transfigurations subies par ce récit dans le carrousel des versions qui se succédèrent au fil du temps, afin de s’interroger sur les raisons des choix opérés par les auteurs de ces différentes versions dans la transformation des thèmes du récit et de déduire de cet exemple des paradigmes plus généraux pouvant être étendus à d’autres narrations.
La communication interne à la conquête du sens au travail
Authors: Balouzat Aléna
Published: February 2025

Cet article propose une immersion dans la fonction communication interne telle qu’elle s’exerce post Covid-19, en tant qu’elle devient une fonction réflexive, investissant les débats qui animent la société, se posant ainsi comme un pôle d’engagement autour de la raison d’être des entreprises. L’article s’appuie sur l’analyse de discours du site de l’AFCI et donne la parole aux acteurs de la fonction qui travaillent à sa redéfinition à partir de ces multiples enjeux, ayant à cœur de concilier cohésion des salariés, organisation du travail et engagement sociétal, Ce triple positionnement fait de la communication interne une fonction structurante et essentielle, tournée vers l’horizon du sens au travail.
La marque employeur : levier de renaissance de la communication interne
Authors: Gherardi Lorrys
Published: February 2025

Cet article se propose de démontrer que la communication interne, loin d’être en déclin, témoigne d’un dynamisme renouvelé au sein des entreprises confrontées au désenchantement et à la mobilité accrue de leurs collaborateurs. Nous formulons l’hypothèse que la montée en puissance de la marque employeur, en tant que levier stratégique de l’engagement organisationnel, agit comme un moteur rétroactif renforçant le rôle central de la communication interne. Celle-ci se positionne alors comme une fonction clé dans la transmission et la construction de sens en entreprise. En mobilisant les notions de sens, d’engagement et d’authenticité, nous analysons les mécanismes d’interdépendance organisationnelle qui ont contribué à légitimer, crédibiliser et même ériger la communication interne en pilier essentiel de la dynamique organisationnelle.
Les systèmes de légitimité du secteur public socles de la secondarité de la communication interne publique
Authors: Bessières Dominique
Published: February 2025

Quels sont les fondements de la place secondaire de la communication interne publique ? Celle-ci apparait majoritairement minorée par rapport à la communication externe et par rapport aux organisations privées. Alors même que l’on constate une diffusion notable du management et une plus grande reconnaissance de la GRH dans le temps. Ses systèmes de légitimité particuliers contribuent à la différencier de la communication interne d’entreprise, bien que la culture managériale la rende plus nécessaire dans les organisations publiques.
Une “revue systématique” de la communication interne numérique
Authors: Tkalac Verčič Ana , Verčič Dejan , Čož Sinja , Špoljarić Anja
Published: February 2025

Aujourd’hui plus que jamais, la transformation numérique affecte profondément la communication interne, mais il existe des lacunes importantes dans notre compréhension de la situation actuelle. Cette étude vise à identifier et à fournir une vue d’ensemble de la recherche dans ce domaine à travers une revue systématique de 77 études publiées dans 52 journaux entre janvier 1990 et novembre 2022. Les résultats révèlent l’évolution de la recherche sur la communication interne numérique et mettent en évidence les lacunes qui devraient être abordées dans les travaux futurs. Tout d’abord, l’efficacité des différents canaux de communication interne doit faire l’objet de recherches approfondies. Cela inclut l’efficacité des outils et des plateformes de collaboration, l’influence des canaux permettant le travail à distance et l’importance de la gamification et d’une approche interactive de la communication. La numérisation de la communication interne devrait également faire l’objet d’une plus grande attention d’un point de vue social, en soulignant les effets de la numérisation de la communication interne sur les salariés et leur satisfaction, ainsi que leurs préoccupations en matière de vie privée, de contrôle et d’autres dilemmes éthiques concernant la facilité d’accès aux données. Enfin, la numérisation de la communication interne devrait être étudiée en tant que processus de transformation au sein des organisations, ce qui n’a pas encore été fait.
Exploring Reality Therapy: A Case Study on Adolescent Emotional Recovery Amidst Family Conflict
Authors: Bhuvaneswari Sayee , Kaur Jaismeen
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Adolescents often experience significant mental health challenges, with family conflicts playing a key factor that undermines their sense of stability and belonging. This case study examined the use of reality therapy, based on choice theory, to address the mental health needs of a 13-year-old girl experiencing suicidal ideation due to ongoing family conflict. Choice Theory posits that human behavior is driven by five basic needs: Survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and fun. Reality therapy applies this framework by helping individuals recognize how their present behaviors and choices are associated with their needs. In this case, the therapeutic process focused on understanding the girl’s unmet needs for love, belonging, and fun due to strained family dynamics. The intervention included helping her explore the connection between her thoughts, choices, and consequences while guiding her toward developing more effective behaviors that met her needs. By fostering personal responsibility and emphasizing present-focused strategies, the therapy aimed to empower the girl to take control of her emotional well-being. The results demonstrated the potential of reality therapy to improve communication within the family, enhance emotional regulation, and develop a renewed sense of hope and purpose. This case demonstrates how well a needs-based, present-oriented therapeutic approach works to address the emotional upheaval that teenagers experience, particularly when family ties play a major role.
Effect of Excessive Smartphone Usage on Sleep Pattern and Psychological Distress among Healthcare Students
Authors: Krishnakumar Surya , Siluvai Sibyl , Indumathi K. P. , Rakesh Victor Lazar
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

The pervasive use of smartphones has emerged as a significant factor contributing to disrupted sleep patterns and heightened psychological distress, particularly among healthcare students. This study examines the association between smartphone addiction, its detrimental effects on sleep quality, and its relationship with psychological distress in this vulnerable group.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months to assess smartphone addiction (smartphone application-based addiction scale), psychological distress (Kessler scale-K10), and sleep quality (sleep quality scale) among 617 healthcare students and interns across various disciplines in Chennai. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation.

Results:

Among the 617 healthcare students and interns, 46.0% were addicted to smartphone, and 72.9% experienced some degree of psychological distress. Only 9.2% reported normal sleep quality. Smartphone addiction was strongly associated with sleep quality (P = 0.001) and psychological distress (P = 0.000), whereas healthcare specialty also significantly influenced both sleep quality (P = 0.050) and psychological distress (P = 0.000).

Conclusion:

As smartphone use escalates among the younger population, the potential for addictive behaviors increases. This study highlights the detrimental effects of smartphone addiction on the psychological well-being and sleep quality of healthcare students, emphasizing the need for strategies to mitigate dependency on smartphones.
Impact of thoracoscopic segmental lung resection versus wedge on early post-operative recovery and short-term prognosis in elderly patients with early non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective non-randomised controlled cohort study
Authors: Song Xiaoyun , Li Hongwei , Zhou Haibo , Zeng Wei , Feng Weijing , Chen Chen , Ban Xue , Kong Xianglong , Liu Zhidong
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The post-operative rehabilitation and prognostic indexes of thoracoscopic segmental resection and wedge resection in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were retrospectively analysed. The objective of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of early-stage NSCLC in the elderly.

Patients and Methods:

One hundred and twenty elderly patients diagnosed with early-stage NSCLC in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as study subjects. The patients were divided into the thoracoscopic segmental lung resection group and the thoracoscopic wedge resection group. Various clinical data were compared between the two groups of patients.

Results:

In the thoracoscopic wedge resection group, operation time, anaesthesia time, intraoperative blood loss, post-operative chest tube volume, chest tube indwelling time and hospital stay were significantly higher compared to the thoracoscopic segmental lung resection group. Patients undergoing segmental resection also had higher Visual Analogue Scale scores and serum indices. In addition, the mini–mental state examination scores were lower in the segmental resection group compared to the wedge resection group.

Conclusions:

Thoracoscopic segmental resection and thoracoscopic wedge resection were both safe and feasible for the treatment of NSCLC. However, thoracoscopic segmental resection had the advantage of effectively reducing the amount of intraoperative bleeding, shortening the operation time and having less impact on lung function and physical function. This was conducive to the patient’s faster recovery after surgery.
Hiatal sling liver retraction technique in bariatric and upper gastrointestinal surgeries – Our 15 year experience with 1874 surgeries
Authors: Harsha Muvva Sri , Palaniappan Raj , Krishna Nikhilesh
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Liver retraction is an important aspect when performing minimal access surgeries, especially bariatric and upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgeries. Various liver retraction methods are available and have been tried. Here, we present our experience with our indigenous hiatal sling technique for liver retraction and compare it with Nathanson liver retractor which is a popular and commonly used liver retraction method.

Patients and Methods:

This is a retrospective observational study of 1874 patients who underwent bariatric and upper GI surgeries over the last 15 years since September 2009. A secondary study was conducted amongst the two groups of patients who underwent upper GI and bariatric surgeries using hiatal sling technique and Nathanson retractor system for liver retraction between January 2023 and October 2023. End points measured were time taken, conversions and complication along with liver function tests (LFTs) such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase measured between the two groups pre- and postoperatively day 0, day 1, day 3 and day 7.

Results:

In our series of 1874 patients, hiatal sling liver traction was possible without any difficulties in all except 2 patients with no associated liver injury and with adequate exposure. In the comparative study, patients in the hiatal sling group (Group B) had significantly lesser elevation in LFTs as compared to the patients in the Nathanson liver retraction group (Group A), with no adverse events in both the groups.

Conclusion:

Hiatal sling technique for liver retraction is an effective technique which provides adequate exposure of the hiatus and causes lesser liver insult compared to rigid liver retraction system like Nathanson liver retraction system. Hiatal sling does not interfere with surgeons’ field causing less errors during surgery and thus making it more ergonomic friendly.
Growth, Feed, and Food Habits of Saurida tumbil (Bloch, 1795) in Jizan fisheries, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hartono Sugeng , Abualreesh Muyassar , Gabr Mohamed
Published: February 2025

The current study provides the latest scientific evaluation on growth and feeding habits of Saurida tumbil in Jizan fisheries. Monthly samples were collected from September 2021 to April 2022, with a total of 343 individuals. Fish scales were used for age determination and back-calculation of fish lengths at ages to estimate growth rates and von Bertalanffy growth parameters. Several food and feeding analyses were estimated to describe the feeding habits of this species. Results showed that Saurida tumbil is categorized as carnivorous fish. Terapon (Terapon sp.) and anchovy (Encrasicholina sp.) were observed mostly in the stomach followed by sardinella (Sardinella sp.), squid (Loliginidae), and berber ponyfish (Leiognathus berbis). Vacuity index () analysis showed that Saurida tumbil is categorised as middle alimentative regularly regarding the feeding habit according to stomach fullness. The value of GaSI was 3.08 in average. The total Length – gutted weight relationship results showed that Saurida tumbil is isometric in dimensional growth and can be described based on the power function: Wgutted = 0.0067 TL3.014. The average back-calculated lengths at age were 18.5, 27.0, 32.4 and 37.4 cm corresponding to the first, second, third and fourth year of life, respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were found to be: the asymptotic length Lꝏ = 50.38 cm, growth constant K= 0.30 per year. The hypothetical age at zero length t0 = -0.48 year. The growth in length performance index (Ф') was 2.88.
Hyper- and hypomagnesemia as an initial predictor of outcomes in septic pediatric patients in Egypt
Authors: Mohamed Aya Osama
Published: February 2025

Background: Critically ill septic children are susceptible to electrolyte abnormalities, including magnesium disturbance, which can easily be neglected. This study examined the potential correlation between serum magnesium levels upon admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and the outcomes of critically ill septic patients.Methods: This prospective study, conducted from May 2023 to November 2023, included 76 children with sepsis who underwent clinical and lab assessments that included initial magnesium levels. The outcome of sepsis was documented. Predictors of mortality were identified through multivariate logistic regression models, with discrimination and calibration assessed using the area under the curve (AUC).Results: The median magnesium level upon PICU admission was 2.0 mg/dl (range 1.1–4.9), and it was slightly higher in non-survivors than survivors (2.1 mg/dl; interquartile range [IQR], 1.9–2.5 vs. 2.0; IQR, 1.8–2.6, respectively), Hypermagnesemia was observed to have a negative effect on critically ill septic patients. It was also found that hypermagnesemia was associated with low C-reactive protein levels (P=0.043). With a cutoff of 5.5, the pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score strongly predicted mortality (AUC=0.717, P<0.001), with a sensitivity of 64.3% and specificity of 68.8%.Conclusions: As an initial predictor of mortality, the serum magnesium level cannot be used alone; however, hypermagnesemia has a negative impact on critically ill septic patients. Thus, healthcare professionals should be cautious with magnesium administration.
3D reconstruction of volcanic bombs to enhance ballistic trajectory predictions
Authors: Reale Calafino Marco , Mereu Luigi , Messina Danilo , Cantarero Massimo , De Beni Emanuela , Proietti Cristina , Prestifilippo Michele , Forni Francesca , Scollo Simona
Published: February 2025

Volcanic Ballistic Projectiles (VBPs) ejected during explosive eruptions represent a significant hazard to people approaching the craters of active volcanoes. Recently, several models have been proposed to simulate the trajectories of VBPs, thus contributing to assessing the associated hazards. However, these models mostly rely on field data, which may not be readily available. Indeed, often the large size and weight of VBPs make their transportation to a laboratory for detailed physical measurements extremely challenging. This work compares different methodologies useful to extract 3D models of VBPs and measure their dimensions (length, width, and thickness) and volume. A VBP collected at Mt. Etna (Italy) after the 21 May 2023 eruption was used as a test sample. Specifically, we processed a series of images, acquired with a smartphone using two photogrammetric software, one freely available and one commercial. The 3D model of the sample was also obtained through a LiDAR sensor integrated into the smartphone. The dimensions and volume of the sample were measured using a caliper and Archimedes’ principle and were used as reference values for quantifying the accuracy of the different reconstruction methodologies. We found that the commercial software is well suited to estimate size and volume, providing a high-precision reconstruction even for the irregular shape of highly porous volcanic particles (with uncertainties of <6% and 16% for the mean diameter and volume, respectively). However, we suggest that, among all the analysed methods, the LiDAR offers a good compromise in terms of accuracy (with uncertainties of <12% and <86% or the mean diameter and volume, respectively) and ease of field operations. Finally, we estimated the ballistic trajectory of VBP using the diameters estimated from the different volumes finding that the distance reached by VBP can have variations up to 350 m only due to a different way to estimate the particle size. We thus conclude that the methods investigated in this work could be applied to different volcanoes worldwide to determine the 3D shape of VBPs because incorrectly estimating the size of VBPs can bias ballistic hazard models.
Application of the Stochastic Finite Fault Model in the Study of the Source Rupture Process of the Mw7.6 Earthquake in the Noto Peninsula, Japan on January 1, 2024
Authors: Yang Zhuofan , Liu Benyu , Liu Kui
Published: February 2025

On January 1, 2024, a Mw7.6 earthquake occurred on the Noto Peninsula in Japan, with a focal depth of 9.6 kilometers. To validate the effectiveness of using a finite fault hybrid slip model to simulate strong ground motion events, this study utilized strong motion records from the KiK-net station network of the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) in Japan. Initially, 29 fundamental stations were selected, and 13 of these stations were chosen for further study using the finite fault method. Constrained by the geometric parameters of the initial model from the strong motion inversion, a hybrid slip distribution model (HSM) was established based on the stochastic finite fault model and semi-empirical relationships between source parameters. This model accurately reflects the spatial and temporal characteristics of the source rupture, and its results are comparable to those obtained by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) using GNSS and other long-period effect data. Additionally, using the dynamic corner frequency-based stochastic ground motion synthesis method (EXSIM), a comparative study was conducted on the pseudo-acceleration response spectra (PSA) of the hybrid slip model, the strong motion inversion model, and the source rupture model provided by USGS at the selected stations. These were then compared with the response spectra of actual station records. It was found that all three models showed good fitting results, and in the short-period range, the simulated values of the HSM were closer to the actual records. Finally, the relative error mean and variance between the HSM and actual records’ PSA at different frequencies were calculated for 29 stations. It reveals that they still had good fitting results. Overall, the findings demonstrate that even without relying on extensive station data, the hybrid slip model efficiently and accurately simulated high-frequency strong ground motions near the fault with a damping ratio of 5%, verifying the reliability and applicability of this method.
Dynamics and hazards of pyroclastic avalanches at Etna volcano (Italy)
Authors: Zuccarello Francesco , de' Michieli Vitturi Mattia , Esposti Ongaro Tomaso , Ganci Gaetana , Andronico Daniele , Branca Stefano , Cappello Annalisa
Published: February 2025

We present a multidisciplinary research aimed at quantifying the conditional probabilities for hazards associated with pyroclastic avalanches at Etna, which combines physical and numerical modeling of granular avalanches and probabilistic analysis. Pyroclastic avalanches are modeled using the depth-averaged model IMEX-SfloW2D, which is able to simulate the transient propagation and emplacement of granular flows generated by the collapse of a prescribed volume of granular material. Preliminary sensitivity analysis allowed us to identify the main controlling parameters of the dynamics, i.e. the total avalanche mass, the initial position of the collapsing granular mass (and the associated terrain morphology), the initial avalanche velocity, and the two rheological parameters which determine the mechanical properties of the flow. While the first two parameters can be considered as “scenario parameters” in the definition of the hazards, the initial velocity and the rheological parameters need to be calibrated. We therefore adopted a methodology for the statistical calibration of the physical model parameters based on field observations. We used data from the pyroclastic avalanche that occurred on February 10, 2022 at Etna, for which we had an accurate mapping of the deposit and some estimates of the total mass and the initial volume. We then run a preliminary ensemble of numerical simulations, with fixed initial volume and position, to calibrate the other input parameters. Based on the accuracy of the matching of the simulated and observed deposits (measured by the Jaccard Index), we extracted from the simulation ensemble a subsample of equally probable combinations of initial velocities and rheological parameters. We then built an ensemble of model input parameters, with varying (i) avalanche volumes, (ii) initial positions, (iii) velocity, and (iv) rheological coefficients. The initial volume range was chosen within the range of observed pyroclastic avalanches at Etna (i.e., between 0.1 and 3 × 106 m3), using a prescribed probability distribution extracted from the literature data. The initial positions have been chosen on the flanks of the South East Crater of Etna, with homogeneous spatial distribution. The initial velocity and the rheological coefficients were chosen from the subsample created with the calibration. Finally, a semi-automatic procedure (digital workflow) running the Monte Carlo simulation allowed us to produce the first probabilistic map of pyroclastic avalanche invasion at Etna. Such a map, conditional to the occurrence of a pyroclastic avalanche event, can be used to identify the hazardous areas of the volcano and to plan mitigation measures.
Tradition and Political Economy in the Viceroyalty of New Spain (18th century)
Authors: Bravo J. R.
Published: February 2025

The legal traditions of the Spanish Empire, which had certain particularities but were always in line with the imperial Catholic culture, played a major role in the development and expansion of the Hispanic world in the Ancien Régime. The converging interests and goals of the Crown, the Church and various groups of individuals were ment to ensure the institutional stability of an immense geoeconomic and cultural space, in which public policies and their implementation were based on the principle of the common good. Throughout the 18th century, beyond the conflicting corporate interests and the great challenges of the time, tradition and reformism influenced one another shaping a political and socioeconomic space, which contributed to strengthening the power and increasing the administrative efficiency of the Hispanic Monarchy. Meanwhile, the two tendencies’ mutual influence boosted the economy in terms of production, finance, trade, and welfare. At the local level, the Hispano-Indian cities and communities had their own administrative and economic resources, and contributed greatly to meeting the financial needs of the Crown, which was often based on negotiation. The Spanish Empire’s fiscal policy and public expenditure, in turn, sought to meet not only defence needs but also those of the government, in addition to promoting Christian education. On balance, the state, the Church and the civil society contributed to the maintenance and development of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
Pendampingan Kelompok Sadar Wisata Desa Pager dalam Pengembangan Wisata Alam Melalui Social Media Marketing
Authors: Utomo Bambang Setyo , Setiawan Veri , Pradana Yoka , Amalia Novi Rizka , Manshuri M Fahmi , Widagdho Aryo , Marantika Nurhana
Published: February 2025

Pendampingan penggunaan social media marketing untuk pariwisata bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada mitra tentang pentingnya memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai sarana pemasaran destinasi wisata. Pendampingan pemanfaatan sosial media marketing ini dilaksanakan sebagai tindak lanjut dari observasi yang dilakukan oleh tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM). Tim PkM melihat adanya kebutuhan untuk memperluas informasi tentang keberadaan wisata alam Sendang Bulus yang terletak di Desa Pager, Kecamatan Bungkal, Ponorogo, Jawa Timur, sehingga harapanya adalah dapat meningkatkan jumlah pengunjung wisata alam Sendang Bulus. Pendampingan pemanfaatan sosial media marketing ini dilaksanakan dengan metode metode Community–Based Participatory Research (CBPR). Metode ini menempatkan masyarakat sebagai mitra, dengan mengedepankan prinsip-prinsip pemberdayaan masyarakat, kolaborasi, dan perubahan sosial. Pendampingan manajemen media sosial bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mitra dalam mengelola akun media sosial Instagram khususnya. Dalam proses pelatihan ini, diberikan materi tentang cara melakukan manajemen media sosial, diantaranya meningkatkan followers, strategi pengelolaan konten, strategi meningkatkan engagement dan mengevaluasi penggunaan media sosial. Adapun tujuan dilakukannya pengabdian ini yaitu (1) agar pemahaman dan kemampuan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang mampu melaksanakan aktivitas promosi melalui media sosial, dan (2) meningkatkan kemampuan kualitas media promosi sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan jumlah pengunjung obyek wisata Sendang Bulus. Dari hasil evaluasi pengabdian masyarakat melalui pre-test dan post-test secara umum pemahaman peserta PkM mengenai teknologi informasi, pemasaran digital sudah cukup baik. Pemahaman mitra PkM mengenai konsep pariwisata meningkat menjadi 86,7%. Pemahaman peserta pelatihan pada promosi pariwisata meningkat menjadi 100%. Selanjutnya pemahaman mengenai perilaku wisatawan meningkat 100%, sedangkan pada karakteristik media sosial, manfaat media sosial dan tentang cara membuat serta memelihara akun media sosial meningkat 100%
Penanganan Korban dan Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual (Sebuah Penyuluhan di Kelurahan Kebon Kelapa, Gambir, Jakarta Pusat).
Authors: Anisariza Nelly Ulfah , Prasetyo Kukuh Fadli , Tarib Taswem
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini membahas tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan hukum kepada pengurus RT/RW dan dasawisma di Kelurahan Kebon Kelapa, Kecamatan Gambir, Kota Administrasi Jakarta Pusat. Masih adanya kerawanan terjadinya kekerasan seksual menjadi dalil awal bagi kelompok Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat untuk melaksanakan kegiatan ini. Tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan pengurus RT/RW dan dasawisma untuk dapat secara konstruktif mendukung penanganan korban dan pelaku kekerasan seksual di dalam koridor Sistem Hukum Indonesia. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Kebon Kelapa ini terdiri dari: (i) pemaparan materi, (ii) moderasi diskusi dialogis, dan (iii) evaluasi tingkat pemahaman peserta melalui instrumen pre dan post-test. Berdasarkan perbandingan hasil uji pengetahuan sasaran kegiatan pada pre dan post-test¸ tampak adanya peningkatan pengetahuan pengurus RT/RW dan dasawisma di Kelurahan Kebon Kelapa mengenai penanganan korban dan pelaku kekerasan seksual, baik dalam hal aspek materiil dari UU TPKS maupun alur penanganan kasus melalui prosedur penegakan hukum. Di samping itu, kelompok Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat juga memfasilitasi diskusi interaktif untuk mengangkat permasalahan faktual yang dialami oleh sasaran kegiatan ini. Terakhir, melalui artikel ini, proyeksi nilai tambah dari kegiatan ini juga dipetakan, yaitu: pemanfaatan layanan pemulihan korban kekerasan seksual (misalnya POS SAPA di perguruan tinggi di wilayah Jakarta) dan pemanfaatan program bantuan hukum bagi korban kekerasan seksual yang mengalami kendala ekonomi untuk mendapatkan akses terhadap keadilan.
Counseling on Early Marriage Prevention Through Digital Literacy-Based Self-Awareness
Authors: Jannah Shofiatul , Muslim Moh , Irrohmah Himmatul Aulia
Published: February 2025

Fenomena pernikahan dini selalu menjadi topik yang menarik untuk dibahas dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, mengingat dampaknya yang signifikan terhadap kehidupan remaja. Di Indonesia, angka pernikahan dini meningkat karena dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti kondisi ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan, adat istiadat, serta pengaruh media sosial. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran diri remaja dalam menghindari pernikahan dini. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini mencakup ceramah dan diskusi interaktif, di mana materi mengenai faktor-faktor penyebab dan dampak pernikahan dini disampaikan kepada santri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Hikam Darussalikin Wonosobo. Evaluasi pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode pre-test dan post-test, yang terbukti efektif dalam mengukur perubahan pemahaman santri sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Selain itu, sesi diskusi turut menyempurnakan pemahaman para peserta. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan, upaya penanggulangan pernikahan dini melalui peningkatan kesadaran diri yang berbasis literasi digital menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman santri tentang pentingnya pendidikan dan penggunaan media digital secara bijak untuk mencegah pernikahan dini.