bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors associated with case fatality and treatment success following initial bovine respiratory disease treatment in feedyard cattle
Authors: Neal Kyndall B. , White Brad J. , Amrine David E. , Lubbers Brian V. , Tessman Ronald K. , Larson Robert L.
Published: August 2024

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important disease of fed cattle and knowledge gaps exist regarding factors predict­ing treatment success. The study objective was to identify po­tential relationships between risk factors known at the time of initial BRD treatment with 3 post-treatment outcomes: first treatment success (FTS), non-cause specific case fatal­ity risk (CFRALL), and cause-specific case fatality risk (CFRBRD). This retrospective analysis used generalized linear mixed models to evaluate relationships between covariates of interest with each outcome. Analysis included 132,521 individual-animal initial BRD treatment re­cords from 14 central U.S. feedyards (May 2017 to Dec 2020) with overall FTS of 67.8%, CFRALL of 10.0%, and CFRBRD of 6.3%. The FTS was associated (P < 0.05) with all covariates ex­cept sex, CFRALL was associated with all covariates, and CFR­BRD was associated with all covariates except day-of-week treated. Treatments early in the feeding phase (DOF 0-10, 11- 20) resulted in lower (P < 0.05) FTS (49.2% ± 0.8; 55.3% ± 0.8), higher (P < 0.05) CFRALL (12.5% ± 1.3; 12.6% ± 1.4) and higher (P < 0.05) CFRBRD (6.3% ± 1.1; 6.1% ± 1.0) compared to cattle treated on days 21-70. Rectal temperature in the 103.1-104.0 (39.4-40.0 °C) category had higher (P < 0.05) CFRALL (15.3% ± 1.5) and CFRBRD (9.2% ± 1.5) compared to other rectal tempera­ture categories. Specific risk factors including days on feed at treatment, sex and weight at the time of treatment were associ­ated with treatment outcomes. Results can be useful for defin­ing expectations following first treatment for BRD.
Case-control study to identify management practices associated with morbidity or mortality due to bovine anaplasmosis in Mississippi cow-calf herds
Authors: Jumper W. Isaac , Huston Carla L. , Smith David R.
Published: August 2024

Bovine anaplasmosis (BA) is a costly disease affecting the U.S. beef cattle industry. Chlortetracycline (CTC) in feed or mineral supplements is often used to control clinical signs of BA. The objective of this study was to determine if manage­ment practices, such as feeding CTC, are associated with ill­ness or death from BA in Mississippi cow-calf herds. Case and control herds were solicited from veterinary practices across Mississippi. Cases were herds with clinical BA diagnosed by a veterinarian within the previous calendar year. Controls were herds under the care of the same practice with no clini­cal BA diagnosed in the previous year. Blinded interviewers conducted telephone surveys of case and control herd owners. Management and biosecurity factors were tested for associa­tion with herd status using a logistic regression generalized linear mixed model with veterinary practice as a random vari­able. Twenty-two case and 25 control herds from 6 veterinary practices across Mississippi were interviewed, representing 22 counties. The average herd size was 132 for case herds, and 136 for control herds. Twenty case herds and 13  control herds fed CTC medicated mineral or feed. Providing CTC was associated with case herd status (OR = 9.2, 95% C.I. = 1.7-50.7). The association observed between case herds and feeding CTC might be because: 1) herds that had experienced previous BA morbidity and mor­tality subsequently began feeding CTC, or 2) some individual cattle consume enough CTC to achieve clearance of the per­sistent carrier state, thereby increasing risk of reinfection and clinical BA.
Model Perencanaan Tata Ruang Wilayah menggunakan Spatial Temporal Autocorrelation (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Jayawijaya)
Authors: Kogoya Waiki Elkius , Prasetyo Sri Yulianto , Sulistyo Wiwin
Published: August 2024

Jayawijaya Regency faces various challenges in the use of land tenure status in urban planning areas (RTRW). This study focuses on the RTRW Spatial Pattern Plan in Wamena Urban on changes in land tenure with a spatial temporal autocorrelation (STA) approach. The results showed that there were two spatial patterns formed in the Wamena Urban Area, namely cluster patterns and dispersed patterns. Cluster patterns are formed in airports, urban areas, flat woodland agriculture, local protection/LIPI plantations, and river boundaries. Dispersed patterns are formed in community plantations and scrubs, rural settlements, wetland agriculture, slope dryland agriculture, and mining. The results of the analysis showed that cluster patterns in the Airport, Urban, Flat Dryland Agriculture, Local Protection/LIPI Plantations, and River Border areas showed significant changes in land tenure status. Climate change, infrastructure development, and population growth are some of the factors causing these changes. Meanwhile, dispersed patterns in community plantations/shrubs, rural settlements, wetland agriculture, slope dryland agriculture, and mining showed no significant change in land tenure status. This is due to factors such as conflicts over customary rights to land ownership. This study provides an overview of spatial patterns of changes in land tenure status in the Wamena Urban Area. The results of this research can be used as a basis for the formulation of land management policies and strategies in the region.
Perbandingan Metode Machine Learning dalam Analisis Sentimen Komentar Pengguna Aplikasi InDriver pada Dataset Tidak Seimbang
Authors: Mola Sebastianus Adi Santoso , Luttu Yufridon Charisma , Rumlaklak Dessy Nelci
Published: August 2024

The InDriver service is an online transportation service that has more flexibility in price and driver choice by consumers. Various comments from InDriver service users can affect people's views, so it is necessary to carry out a sentiment analysis of these comments. The purpose of this study was to identify positive, negative and neutral sentiments in user comments and to compare the performance of classification methods. The results of analysis with unbalanced datasets show that the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Logistic Regression methods have the highest accuracy, reaching 89%. However, quality assessment is not only based on accuracy alone. In terms of the balance between precision and recall in the minority (neutral) class, the Random Forest method shows a more balanced performance with an F1-score of 55%. After balancing the dataset with the SMOTE method, performance increases significantly for the Naïve Bayes Classifier method, especially in the neutral class for recall and F1-score metrics of 57% and 52%. In conclusion, SVM and Logistic Regression have high accuracy, but to consider the balance of precision and recall in the minority class, the Random Forest method is recommended.
Pengembangan Game Edukasi Digital Tema Seni dan Bahasa dengan Metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle
Authors: Nurul Hanan , Nugraheni Dinar Mutiara Kusumo , Noranita Beta , Bahtiar Nurdin
Published: August 2024

Education for early childhood, especially for PAUD TK-B in the age range of 4-6 years, is crucial in providing and shaping the foundation of children's knowledge. An engaging teaching method will enhance children's interest in learning, thus the need for digital learning media as an alternative. One step in implementing digital learning is through Educational Games. This research is conducted by developing the PAUD TK-B Nurussunnah Educational Game using the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method. The game's validation includes usability aspects such as effectiveness, satisfaction levels, and adaptation to the TK-B curriculum. After development, the educational game undergoes alpha and beta testing using the black box method. Beta testing involves evaluating usability for the efficiency and satisfaction of TK-B students, with an effectiveness rate of 98.94%  and satisfaction rate of 88.57%. The interview results with expert teachers indicate that the educational game aligns with the curriculum at the educational unit level for PAUD. Thus, based on the research findings, the PAUD TK-B Educational Game application can be considered an alternative learning media for TK-B students.
A PAINLESS FRACTURE TREATED IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Girotra Kapoor Aisvarya
Published: August 2024

Intravenous cannulation is a routine procedure done in healthcare settings to gain access to superficial veinsfor intravenous fluid, medication, and blood product administration. As a rare occurrence, part of the cannula catheter can break and be retained within a vein which may lead to disastrous complications.Here we report a case of a young male, known to be diabetic, who presented to us with a retained foreign body in his forearm causing him a lot of discomfort. On examination in the emergency department, the patient had stable vitals a long, linear, hard object could be palpated under the skin on the radial aspect of the right forearm near the elbow. On taking a detailed history, it was ascertained that the catheter of the cannula had broken during cannula removal and had been retained within the vein. After consent, a procedure under local anaesthesia was performed in the emergency department for the retrieval of the foreign body, with no post-procedure complications. The patient was discharged home in satisfactory condition the same day. This case tells us how a simple routine procedure can get complicated and how early and prompt intervention can avert possible venous embolization of broken segment and sepsis, among other complications.
ASSESSMENT OF TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS IN A FLIPPED BIOCHEMISTRY COURSE COMBINEDWITH SCHOOL-ENTERPRISE COOPERATION
Authors:   College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan030031, P.R. China., Zhen-Hu Jia
Published: August 2024

The new curriculum standard proposes that teachers and students should exchange positions, students as the teaching subjects and teachers guiding students to learn independently. This requirement is consistent with the flipped classroom model.In this study, learning gains based on school-enterprise cooperationwereassessed in a flipped biochemistry course. The study demonstrates this teaching model cultivates students self-learning ability, enhances their learning enthusiasm, improves the teaching quality of biochemistry.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COLLATERAL HIBAH IN MALAYSIA
Authors:   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, University of Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia., Yaakub Fadziani , Aznaim Abd Latib Noor ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, University of Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia., Nor Amira Mohamad Siti ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, University of Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia., Naimah Wan Daud Wan ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, University of Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia., Hafiz Jamaludin Mohd ,   Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: August 2024

Collateral hibah is among the hibah products that was created as an instrument for Islamic wealth management. The problem of Muslims unclaimed property can be mitigated by implementing collateral hibah. This study examined several of current concerns regarding the implementation of collateral hibah in Malaysia by reviewing studies of the literature that previous researchers had written on the subject. This is pertinent since hibah is increasingly being employed by Muslims in Malaysia as a primary Islamic wealth management technique and todays community owns most intangible assets, including homes, land, and other properties, through loan financing from financial institutions. This concept paper attempted to analyse the problems from several perspectives as presented by earlier researchers. The results of the literature analysis indicated that a number of problems, including legality of collateral hibah both national and Islamic law, various rulings from Syariah courts regarding the validation of collateral hibah, conflict of jurisdiction between Shariah and civil court, lack of unified legislation regarding hibah procedure and many more, needed to be resolved to improve the collateral hibahs current implementation in Malaysia. Therefore, this concept paper addressed the problem of Islamic wealth management as it relates to collateral hibah and may serve as an outline for further research.
EFFECTIVENESS OF BLENDED-LEARNING FOR TEACHING-LEARNING OF ENGLISH AT SECONDARY LEVEL IN WEST BENGAL
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. of Education, Usha Martin University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India., Kumar Mandal Chandan , Chandra Bhat Subhas ,   Associate Professor, Govt. College of Education, Banipur. West Bengal.
Published: August 2024

This research seeks to evaluate the differences in learning outcomesin the environments of Blended Learning and Traditional Learning for English as a second language among secondary level students in West Bengal. With the increasing tendency of learners to solve educational problems using electronic gadgets and access e-materials from anywhere, it is imperative for educational institutions to emphasize Blended Learningwhich combines online and traditional face-to-face teaching methods, shows promise in improving students academic achievements. Three hundred students from five schools under the W. B. B. S. E. were selected randomlyto partake in this study. This research examined the effectiveness of Blended Learning by comparing it with traditional classroom learning, using evaluation scores from two selected lessons. The findings revealed that pass rates were significantly higher in the Blended Learning environment. This research confirms that Blended Learning not only enhances academic performance but also positively influences students motivation, attitude, and self-esteem. The results highlight the necessity of adequate infrastructure to support Blended Learning practices, suggesting that investments in technology and teacher training are crucial for successful implementation. The conclusions drawn from this research provide a basis for future research onBlended Learning at secondary level.
UNDERSTANDING THE GOVERNMENTS SCHEMES DESIGNED FOR TRIBAL WOMENS FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN THE STATE OF JHARKHAND AND ODISHA
Authors: Mohanty Vikashita , Mitra Ratna
Published: August 2024

Financial inclusion is a vital component for socio-economic development, especially for marginalized communities like tribal women in India. This research article examines the various government schemes aimed at fostering financial inclusion for tribal women in the states of Jharkhand and Odisha. By analysing these initiatives, the study aims to highlight their impacts, challenges, and the way forward for improving financial inclusivity. This detailed analysis is supported by a review of relevant literature and official documents.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AMONG YOUTH DURING THE COVID- 19 ERA: A LESSON
Authors:   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Haron Nurfaradilla , AziyatulIzni Nor ,   Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, KampusDengkil, 43800 Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia., Mohd Ali Aeshah ,   Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ilyana Ismarau Tajuddin Nur ,   Tamhidi Centre, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Asiah Mahmood Nor ,   College of Business Administration, Prince Sultan University, 66833 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: August 2024

The lack of money management among youthhas become a growing concern. The issue cannot be solved simply by providing more savings and spending more money on development and management. There is an urgent need for a better understanding of the current and potential role of financial planning in meeting the needs of life, especially when any shock occurs in a country. Thus, adopting a strategic approach needs to be planned and managed so that the youth generation can carry out its function and roles in financial planning. This research aims to study the factors that influence financial planning and money management among youth. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) will be used as a baseline to explain the current needs of financial management among youth. Factors like financial literacy, financial attitude and perceived behavioral control were incorporated in this study to see the impact on financial management especially during the economic shock of COVID-19. The results show that the youth generation have a better tendency to manage their financial, in condition they have receive the appropriate financial knowledge form the relevant parties. This knowledge will then form a correct direction of attitude on financial management. Furthermore, the interpretation of how easy it is to control their finance also will depend on the information received. With the result obtained, all parties including the government could do an early preparation in order to equip the young generation with the suitable program hence reducing the problem of high indebtedness.
EFFECT OF NON-FLUORIDATED AND FLUORIDATED MILK ON DENTAL PLAQUE PH CHALLENGED WITH A SWEETENED DRINK AT VARIOUS TIME INTERVALS
Authors: Daneswari V. , Venugopal Reddy N. , Chavva Hema , Venkata Sonika Reddy Pathuri , V. Preethi , Ajay Reddy M.
Published: August 2024

Aim: To investigate the effect of non-fluoridated and fluoridated milk on dental plaque challenged with sweetened drink by measuring the plaque pH at various time intervals. Patients and Methods: A total of 80 children aged 6-8 years who reported to the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, of which 10 children who were interested to participate in the study were included. Children were asked to rinse for 2 min with following solutions: Distilled water, 10% sucrose, non-fluoridated milk, fluoridated milk, 10% sucrose followed by distilled water, 10% sucrose followed by non- fluoridated milk, 10% sucrose followed by fluoridated milk. The supragingival plaque was collected before rinsing and after 5,10,15,20,25,30 and 60 min to measure the plaque pH. The values were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis with one way analysis (ANOVA). Results: The result of present study shows that the minimum pH drop was almost similar for non-fluoridated and fluoridated milk group at 5 min which is lower than 10% sucrose group but the recovery of pH to baseline value was at faster rate in fluoridated milk group compared to non-fluoridated milk group. Conclusion: There are parts of world where drinking water cannot be fluoridated due to lack of resources, socio-economic and technical constraints, absence of political will and national policy on oral health. Hence fluoridation of milk can be recommended where fluoride concentration in drinking water is suboptimal and caries experience is significant.
SWEET DREAMS, BRIGHT SMILES: ORAL SEDATION FOR KIDS
Authors: Samanta Udita , Jaidka Shipra , Java Deepti , Yadav Sunny , Batha Ashjan , Chadha Apurva
Published: August 2024

Oral sedation plays a pivotal role in pediatric dentistry, providing an effective approach to manage anxiety and behavioral challenges in young patients. The fear and apprehension associated with dental visits can lead to non-cooperation, making it challenging for dental practitioners to deliver proper care. Behavior management techniques in pediatric dentistry have evolved over the years to create a child-friendly and comfortable environment in the dental office. One approach that has gained popularity is the use of oral sedatives to help alleviate childrens anxiety and facilitate cooperative behavior during dental treatments. Oral sedation involves administering safe and carefully dosed medications to induce a state of relaxation, without the need for general anesthesia. Utilizing oral sedatives in pediatric dentistry not only facilitates the dental procedure but also enhances the overall experience for both the child and the dental team.
RESEARCH ON CURRENT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION STRATEGIES IN HIGHER VOCATIONAL COLLEGES
Authors:   Angeles University Foundation., Kewen Wu , Reyes (Adviser) Ruel ,   Angeles University Foundation.
Published: August 2024

This article explores the connotation, effectiveness, challenges and response strategies of digital transformation in higher vocational colleges in the context of the current digital era. First, the impact of digital transformation on education and teaching methods, management models and talent training concepts is analyzed, and the importance and necessity of digital transformation are emphasized. Secondly, it summarizes the achievements of digital transformation in improving teaching quality, enriching teaching resources, and improving management efficiency. Then, the challenges faced by digital transformation such as campus infrastructure, student literacy, teacher capabilities, and teaching model innovation were pointed out, and strategies such as strengthening infrastructure construction, cultivating students digital literacy, and improving teachers digital teaching capabilities were proposed. Finally, it emphasized the importance of building a digital support system, establishing a service evaluation system and a data-driven governance system, and called on all parties to work together to promote the in-depth development of digital transformation and make more efforts to cultivate high-quality application talents and promote social and economic development. Great contribution.
RELATIONSHIP OF THE IMPACTED MAXILLARY CANINE WITH THE MORPHOLOGY OF ADJACENT LATERAL INCISOR - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Chandna Anil , Taragi Hema , Bhattacharya Preeti , Bhandari Ravi
Published: August 2024

Objective:This study aimed to inquireabout the location and inclination of the maxillary-impacted canine and its correlation with the morphology and root resorption of the adjacent lateral incisor by using CBCT. Study design: The samples under investigation comprised 92 diagnosed cases of maxillary impacted canine, consisting of 35 males and 57 females, who met the studys inclusion criteria. Among these cases, 87 were unilateral, while 5 presented bilateral impactions, totaling 97 impacted canines. The morphological measurement of the lateral, angles between the central axis of the lateral incisor to the midline and the palatal plane,in both the impacted and non-impacted sides, were measured and compared. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained when comparing the morphological (crown length, root length, mesiodistal and buccolingual width of crown) and angular parameters (inclination to palatal plane, angulation to MSR) of the lateral incisor, root resorption of the lateral incisor with canine overlapping, canine cusp tip level with root resorption of the adjacent lateral incisor, canine angulation with root resorption of the adjacent lateral incisor. Conclusion:The association between the morphologic and angular features of the maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary canine impaction was confirmed. Key predictors of maxillary canine impaction were identified as the crown and root length of the lateral incisor, the mesiodistal and buccolingual widths of the lateral incisor crown, and the angulation of both the lateral incisor and canine to the midline.
EFFECT OF PRP INJECTION IN CASES OF PARTIAL THICKNESS ROTATOR CUFF TEAR IN KING FAHD ARMED FORCES HOSPITAL: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Mohammad Bin Mohi Abdulrahman , Ayed ALAhmari Khalid , Hamed Alzahrani Saeed , Abdullah Alzahrani Adel
Published: August 2024

Objective:To evaluate the clinical outcomes of PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) injections in treating partial thickness rotator cuff tears at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital. Methods:This retrospective study reviewed patients treated with PRP injections for partial thickness rotator cuff tears between April 2021 and December 2023. Patient demographics, tear characteristics, treatment protocols, and follow-up data were analyzed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score. Results:A total of 60 patients (35 males, 25 females mean age 48.3 years) were included. The mean follow-up period was 12 months. VAS pain scores significantly decreased from a mean of 7.2 pre-treatment to 2.9 post-treatment. ASES scores improved from a mean of 55.4 pre-treatment to 85.7 post-treatment. No significant complications were reported. Conclusion:PRP injections appear to be an effective treatment for partial thickness rotator cuff tears, resulting in significant pain reduction and functional improvement. Further randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these findings.
Videodermoscopic analysis of the skin of purebred arabian horses and polish sport horses.
Authors: POMORSKA-ZNISZCZYŃSKA AGNIESZKA , SZCZEPANIK MARCIN PAWEŁ , POMORSKA-HANDWERKER DOROTA , ADAMCZYK NNIKOLA
Published: August 2024

Videodermoscopy is a modern method of skin examination that significantly facilitates diagnosis. The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the characteristic features of the skin and its derivatives for Purebred Arabian and Polish Sports horses. The study was conducted in the winter of 2018/2019, with written consent obtained from the horses’ owners before examinations. The study involved 33 healthy horses not previously used for breeding, consisting of 21 purebred Arabian mares and twelve clinically healthy Polish Sports horses (SP). Videodermoscopic evaluations were performed of seven selected areas of the body: the forehead, mane, neck, chest, flank, rump, and tail. For the dermoscopic examination, an Italian Video-Dermascope 7 (Medici Medical SRL with 3 VIDIX 5Mpx camera and VX1 – Contact type cap Ø 3.5 cm) was used. The Olympus cellSens specialized software was used to analyze microscopic images and perform measurements. The comparison of hair thickness showed significant differences between the two groups: in most of the assessed body areas, the hair thickness was greater for the Arabian horses than for the Polish Sports horses. The hair thickness ranged from 52.70 μm on the chest to 87.45 μm on the mane in the Arabian horses and from 30.18 μm on the flank to 47.33 μm on the rump in the SP horses. In conclusion, the breed of the horse is an important factor that must be taken into consideration in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the skin and its derivatives.
Digitális technológia az alsó tagozatos ének-zene tanításban
Authors: Gáspár Bernadett Csilla , Rausch Attila
Published: August 2024

A 2020 tavaszán kirobbanó koronavírus járvány hatására bekövetkező digitális munkarend (Józsa, Karáné Miklós & Józsa, 2021) korábban nem látott kihívások elé állította a pedagógusokat. Bár a tanárok és a tanárszakos hallgatók digitális technológiához való hozzáállásáról és eszközhasználati szokásairól a pandémia előtt és közben mind magyar, mind külföldi terepen születtek kutatási eredmények (Paksi & Schmidt, 2017; Atabek & Burak, 2020), eddig nem látott napvilágot olyan átfogó vizsgálat, amely a digitális tanrend hatásaival foglalkozik az alsó tagozatos ének-zenei nevelés terén. Kutatásunk célja ezért a magyar általános iskolai alsó tagozaton ének-zenét is tanító pedagógusok tapasztalatainak és a koronavírus járvány alatt történő online oktatás ének-zene tanításra gyakorolt hatásainak feltárása. A 2022 tavaszán zajló online kérdőíves kutatásunkban 98 pedagógus részvételével vizsgáltuk a pedagógusok digitális kompetenciáját, eszközökhöz való hozzáférését és eszközhasználati szokásait, valamint a digitális technológia ének-zene tanításban történő felhasználását. Eredményeink alapján a tanítók digitális kompetenciájának mind a hat részterülete szignifikánsan fejlődött a digitális tanrend alatt. Az egyes zenei tevékenységek (például kánonéneklés) és zenei képességterületek jelentős részének fejlesztése nehézséget jelentett az online térben, ugyanakkor a tanítók nem zárkóznak el a digitális eszközök jelenléti ének-zene órákon történő felhasználásától. Kutatásunk eredményei rávilágítanak azokra a területekre, ahol a pedagógusoknak további támogatásra vagy digitális fejlesztésekre volna szükségük a digitális technológia alsó tagozatos ének-zenei nevelésbe történő hatékony integrálásához.
Lemorzsolódás vagy bennmaradás?
Authors: Müller Vanessa
Published: August 2024

A felsőoktatásban végbemenő bolognai reform a rövidebb képzési programok segítségével szélesebb körben megnyitotta kapuit a hallgatók előtt. Emellett az expanzió mellett továbbra is tapasztalható volt a lemorzsolódás jelensége is az egyetemeken. A szakirodalom-elemzésre épülő tanulmány, a jelenséghez köthető intézményi tényezőket érintve, a pszichológiai tényezőkre (észlelt stressz, énhatékonyság, önértékelés) helyezi a hangsúlyt. A tanulmány középpontjában a lemorzsolódással kiemelkedően veszélyeztetett csoportok állnak, amelyekből a felnőtt figyelemhiányos hiperaktivitászavarral (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; ADHD) élő hallgatók kerülnek kiemelésre, mivel ők kiugróan veszélyeztetettek a lemorzsolódás szempontjából. A fókuszba állítás indokát egyrészt a külföldi felsőoktatási intézmények által jelentett, ADHD-val érintett hallgatók számának rendkívüli emelkedése adja. Másrészt a hazai kereteket vizsgálva az látható, hogy a diagnosztikus folyamat – és ezzel együtt az oktatásban eszközölhető intervenciós programok is – jelentős lemaradást mutatnak az ezt célzó külföldi példákhoz képest. A lemorzsolódáshoz kapcsolódó rizikófaktorokat (szorongás, depresszió, amotiváció) érintve, a bennmaradást elősegítő protektív faktorok (reziliencia, szociális készségek, rugalmasság) kerülnek hangsúlyosan előtérbe a tanulmányban, eltávolodva ezzel a deficitfókuszú megközelítéstől és az erősségekre építő szemléletre helyezve át a hangsúlyt.
REMOVAL OF DEPOSITS AND IMPROVEMENT OF SHELF LIFE IN CO2-RICH MINERAL WATER BY OZONE MICROBUBBLES
Authors: Choe Un Hwa , Choe Jong Hyon , Kim Yong Jun
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to effectively remove Fe2+ by using ozone microbubbles in bottled mineral water to prevent sediment from occurring during storage and increase shelf life. By considering the characteristics of mineral water with low solubility of ozone and high CO2 content, a suitable ozone injection step was chosen and a new mineral water treatment method using microbubbles was proposed. As a result of the treatment of the bottled mineral water with ozone microbubbles, the concentration of the iron ion was reduced from 0.14 to 0.01 mg L-1, and the shelf life increased to 360 days. During the treatment, the concentrations of K+ and Na+ were almost unchanged, and the deposition time was reduced to one-third compared to the natural oxidation.
Semen Parameters Can Be Used As A Credible Marker with Doppler Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Subclinical Varicocele Cases
Authors: Irez Tulay , Sarikaya Bahar , Erguven Mine , Salabas Emre
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES: The link between varicoceles and male infertility has been a problem of debate for more than half a century. A substantial amount of data about varicocelectomies’ effects has been provided, but inadequate study designs and heterogeneity of current studies make these data rarely conclusive. This article investigates whether semen and sperm analysis in subclinical varicocele patients without any clinical signs diagnosed by Doppler Ultrasonography (USG) can be used as a diagnostic tool.
STUDY DESIGN: The current prospective study included infertile male patients (n=44) enrolled in the Urology Clinic of Biruni University Hospital from January 2017 to January 2018. Patients were divided into two groups: 1st group as the control group (CG) (n=22): No varicocele as determined by Doppler USG, and 2nd group as the test group (TG) (n=22): Subclinical varicocele (SCV) as determined by Doppler USG. A semen analysis was done. Sperm were dyed with aniline blue and chromomycin A3 (CMA3), acridine orange (AO), propidium iodide (PI), and Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) for the determination of sperm maturation, sperm DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, and sperm mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. Student-t Test was used for statistical analysis. p<0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: The sperm concentration of the CG was higher than the TG (p=0.98, p>0.05). Forward sperm motility in the CG was higher than in the TG (p<0.001, p<0.05). Sperm with normal morphology in the TG was lower than in the CG (p<0.001, p<0.05). Sperm neck anomalies were higher in varicocele cases (p<0.001, p<0.05). Sperm maturation at the TG was lower than the CG (p<0.001, p<0.05). A high apoptotic sperm rate was found at the TG (p<0.001, p<0.05). Sperm mitochondria potential at the TG was lower than the CG (p<0.001, p<0.05). Sperm chromatin condensation at the TG was higher than the CG (p<0.001, p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of sperm DNA and apoptosis in SCV cases can be used as a reliable diagnostic tool to confirm Doppler USG.
Tyrosine Kinase-2, Angiopoietin-2, and Thrombomodulin Axes in the Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Altan Erbilen Esra , Varol Fusun Gulizar
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE: Investigating the interaction among three interconnected proteins, namely receptor Tyrosine Kinase-2 (Tie-2), the vascular remodeling cytokine Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and the coagulation inhibitor Thrombomodulin (TM), may offer fresh insights into the multifactorial origins of late-onset fetal growth restriction (LFGR).
STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective cohort study, we assessed the maternal serum concentrations of Tie-2, Ang-2, and TM in pregnancies that developed LFGR (n=30) and a control group (n=59) within the gestational weeks of 32-39 gestational weeks at Trakya University Hospital (January 2021-December 2021). Concentrations were quantified using ELISA, and data analysis was conducted using the SPSS 22.0 Windows software package.
RESULTS: The 75th percentile concentrations of these proteins were significantly lower in cases of LFGR. Among heavy smokers, the risk of LFGR increased by 2.37-fold. A significant correlation was observed between these proteins in both LFGR and healthy pregnancies. However, the sensitivity and specificity of these proteins within the Tie-2, Ang-2, and TM axes were 51%, 56%, 51%, and 45%, 52%, and 50%, respectively. When we examined cases where all three proteins exhibited a consistent trend, LFGRs accounted for 23.33% with reduced levels and 30% with elevated levels, whereas this pattern was observed in 40.67% with reduced levels and 42.37% with elevated levels in healthy pregnancies.
CONCLUSION: Although our study underscores the significance of the intricate interactions between Tie-2, Ang-2, and TM proteins in LFGR pregnancies, it is evident that a more comprehensive investigation is required to make meaningful contributions to the clinical applicability of this subject.
Use of engineering economic equivalence tenets to prioritize water source(s) for use by households, ‘The Case of Mbeya City – Tanzania’
Authors: Mwishwa Yazidi Hassan Bakari , Shegwando Omari Bakari
Published: August 2024

In Tanzania, inadequate access to water affects 26% of urban and 38% of rural populations, who depend on piped water systems and are often subject to rationing. Low-income households face the significant burden of high water bills and (sometimes) poor water quality. Alternative water sources such as gravity-fed, rainwater harvesting, and drilled well systems are often overlooked, primarily due to the absence of evaluations based on engineering economic equivalence (EEE) principles that determine their viability due to prioritization. This study addresses this gap by analyzing existing literature and utilizing data from Mbeya City, focusing on households relying on tap water, rainwater harvesting, and drilled wells. Engineering Economic Equivalency computations were used to assess the present worth of these water sources, with values determined at Tshs 11,009,424/- for tapped water systems, Tshs 10,283,000/- for rainwater harvesting, and Tshs 12,099,940/- for drilled wells. While rainwater harvesting appears cost-effective, it was found unsuitable for drinking, and tapped water systems incur variable consumption costs. Consequently, the drilled well system is the most sustainable option for ensuring reliable household water access. Households in Mbeya are urged to deploy the engineering economic equivalence principle to prioritize their water-for-own-use.
An Update on Colistin in Clinical Healthcare Unit in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Faidah Hani
Published: August 2024

:

Globally, gram-negative bacteria are a significant cause of morbidity. Multi-drug resistance bacteria
are responsible for an increasing surge in infections that place a high cost on healthcare systems around the
world. Recently, colistin, an antibiotic belonging to the polymyxin family, was reintroduced to combat multidrug-
resistant gram-negative bacteria. Excessive and persistent use of colistin has led to the development and
spread of colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria throughout the globe. Healthcare units in various countries,
including Saudi Arabia, are currently battling colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Recently, colistin-resistant
gram-negative bacteria have become a major health concern in Saudi Arabia. Hence, extensive epidemiological
surveys and studies are required to understand the current status of the colistin antibiotic. Examining
the knowledge currently available to the medical community on the molecular mechanism, clinical effectiveness,
molecular epidemiology, and bacterial resistance to colistin in Saudi Arabia is the aim of this review.
Role of Biosynthesis and Catabolism of Neurotransmitters in Drug Discovery for Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Patil Ashish Suresh , Koul Summon
Published: August 2024

:

The purpose of this review is to correlate the probable causes of anxiety disorders with the imbalance
of neurotransmitters in the brain and also highlight the drugs for these mental disorders that have been discovered
based on the biosynthesis and catabolism of these brain chemicals. Peer-reviewed journal’s articles,
news and books published in English between 1997 and 2023 describing the role of neurotransmitters in anxiety
disorders were searched in Google Scholar, Research Gate and PubMed databases. The contents were carefully
analyzed by the authors and understood and compiled to build a concise perspective on the role of biosynthesis
and catabolism of neurotransmitters in anxiety and depression. Anxiety disorders are reported to be common
patterns of psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. Anxiety and depression are prevalent
worldwide and are significantly contributing towards the global health burden. Genetic determinants are
believed to play an important role in these disorders. According to modern medicine, one of the most important
aspects that is known to be crucial for these disorders is the imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain.
The biosynthesis and catabolism of neurotransmitters have been extensively targeted for innovative drug discovery
approaches at various steps that have led to the discovery of many drugs for these psychological disorders.
The biosynthetic and catabolic reaction cycles of neurotransmitters and the discovery of drugs based on
these hypotheses are discussed. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this review compiles already known descriptive
knowledge on “relation of neurotransmitter imbalance with anxiety disorders” in a precise way that
will provide readers with an overview of the vast literature.
Role of P-glycoprotein in Regulating the Efficacy, Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics of Yunaconitine
Authors: Li Xiaocui , Liang Qi , Wang Caiyan , Qiu Huawei , Lin Tingting , Li Wentao , Zhang Rong , Liu Zhongqiu , Zhu Lijun
Published: August 2024

Background:

Yunaconitine (YAC) is a hidden toxin that greatly threatens the life safety of patients
who are prescribed herbal medicines containing Aconitum species; however, its underlying mechanism remains
unclear.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to elucidate the functions of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in regulating the efficacy,
toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of YAC.

Methods:

The efflux function of P-gp on YAC was explored by using Caco-2 monolayers in combination with
the P-gp inhibitor verapamil. The impact of P-gp on regulating the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects,
acute toxicity, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetics of YAC was determined via male Mdr1a gene
knocked-out mice and wild-type FVB mice

Results:

The presence of verapamil significantly decreased the efflux ratio of YAC from 20.41 to 1.07 in Caco-
2 monolayers (P < 0.05). Moreover, oral administration of 0.07 and 0.14 mg/kg YAC resulted in a notable
decrease in writhing times in Mdr1a-/- mice by 23.53% and 49.27%, respectively, compared to wild-type FVB
mice (P < 0.05). Additionally, the deficiency of P-gp remarkably decreased the half-lethal dose (LD50) of YAC
from 2.13 to 0.24 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of YAC in the tissues of Mdr1a-/- mice were
statistically higher than those in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05). Particularly, the brain accumulation of YAC
in Mdr1a-/- mice significantly increased by 12- and 19-fold, respectively, after oral administration for 30 and
120 min, when compared to wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic
characteristics of YAC between Mdr1a-/- and wild-type FVB mice.

Conclusion:

YAC is a sensitive substrate of P-gp. The absence of P-gp enhances the analgesic effect and toxicity
of YAC by upregulating its brain accumulation. Co-administration with a P-gp inhibitor may lead to severe
YAC poisoning.
Carboxylesterase 1-Based Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Remimazolam: In-Vitro Studies and Literature Review
Authors: Petersen Karl-Uwe , Schmalix Wolfgang , Pesic Marija , Stohr Thomas
Published: August 2024

Background:

The ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine remimazolam, approved for procedural sedation
and general anesthesia, is inactivated by carboxylesterase 1 (CES1).

Objective:

Remimazolam´s involvement in CES1-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) was investigated.

Methods:

Possible interactions of remimazolam were studied in co-exposure experiments with eleven different
drugs. Further, substrates and inhibitors of CES1, identified in the literature, were evaluated for possible
in-vivo inhibition using pharmacokinetic and Ki or IC50 values. Compounds with only one published inhibitory
concentration and CES1 substrates lacking inhibition data were assigned conservative Ki values.

Results:

In human liver homogenates and/or blood cells, remimazolam showed no significant inhibition of
esmolol and landiolol metabolism, which, in turn, at up to 98 and 169 μM, respectively, did not inhibit remimazolam
hydrolysis by human liver homogenates. In human liver S9 fractions, IC50 values ranged from 0.69
μM (simvastatin) and 57 μM (diltiazem) to > 100 μM (atorvastatin) and, for the remaining test items (bupropion,
carvedilol, nelfinavir, nitrendipine, and telmisartan), they ranged from 126 to 658 μM. Remifentanil
was ineffective even at 1250 μM. Guidance-conforming evaluation revealed no relevant drug-drug interactions
with remimazolam via CES1. The algorithm-based predictions were consistent with human study data.
Among CES1 inhibitors and substrates identified in the literature, only dapsone and rufinamide were found to
be possible in-vivo inhibitors of remimazolam metabolism.

Conclusion:

Data and analyses suggest a very low potential of remimazolam for pharmacokinetic DDIs mediated
by CES1. The theoretical approach and compiled data are not specific to remimazolam and, hence,
applicable in the evaluation of other CES1 substrates.
Eco-friendly Approaches to Chromene Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review of Green Synthesis Strategies
Authors: Patel Vidhi , Bambharoliya Tushar , Shah Drashti , Patel Dharti , Patel Maitri , Shah Umang , Patel Mehul , Patel Swayamprakash , Solanki Nilay , Mahavar Anjali , Nagani Afzal , Patel Harnisha , Rathod Mrudangsinh , Bhimani Bhargav , Bhavsar Vasisth , Padhiyar Shantilal , Koradia Shailesh , Chandarana Chandni , Patel Bhavesh , Dabhi Ranjitsinh C , Patel Ashish
Published: August 2024

Synthetic routes of chromene are an area of thrust research due to its wide application
as pigments, agrochemicals, cosmetics, and an important nucleus scaffold for various pharmacologically
active drugs. The chromene nucleus is an important moiety for the discovery of new
drug candidates owing to its broad range of pharmacological actions like antitumor, antiinflammatory,
antiviral, and many others. However, traditional synthesis techniques frequently
use unsafe reagents and produce hazardous waste, presenting environmental issues. The ecofriendly
production of chromene derivatives utilizes sustainable raw materials, non-toxic catalysts,
and gentle reaction conditions to reduce ecological consequences. Innovative methods like
microwave irradiation, ultrasound synthesis, the use of environmentally friendly solvents, a catalyst-
based approach with minimal environmental impact, and mechanochemistry-mediated synthesis
are implemented. These approaches provide benefits in scalability, cost-effectiveness, and
ease of purification. This review compiles and presents various recently reported green synthetic
strategies of chromene and its derivatives and gives the reader a clear idea of the detailed and critical
aspects of various synthetic protocols described.
A Compressive Review on Source, Toxicity and Biological Activity of Flavonoid
Authors: Singh Bhoopendra , Semwal Bhupesh Chander
Published: August 2024

:

Flavonoids are biologically active chemicals in various fruits, plants, vegetables, and
leaves, which have promising uses in medicinal science. The health properties of these natural
chemicals are widely accepted, and efforts are underway to extract the specific components
referred to as flavonoids. Flavonoids demonstrate a diverse range of bio-activities, anticancer,
antioxidant activity, anti-cholinesterase activity, antiinflammatory activity, antimalarial activity,
antidiabetic activity, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular effect, hepatoprotective effects,
and antiviral and antimicrobial activity. This study aims to examine the prevailing trends in
flavonoid investigation studies, elucidate the activity of flavonoids, examine their various functions
and uses, assess the potential of flavonoids as preventive medications for chronic diseases,
and outline future research opportunities in this field. This review explores the diverse functions
of flavonoids in preventing and managing various diseases.