bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sertleştiricinin orta yoğunluklu lif levhanın bazı fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerine etkisi
Authors: ÇAMLIBEL Osman , AYDIN Murat
Published: June 2022

Effects of Ammonium chloride (NH4CI) as a hardening agent on thickness swelling (TS), water absorption (WA), screw holding resistance (SHR), Janka hardness, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bonding (IB) properties of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) were evaluated. Target densities were 712 and 715 kg/m³ for hardener applied (0.75 kg/m³ solid as 10% solution (fiber dry wt.)) and unmodified factory made 18 mm thick MDF, respectively. A total of 400 samples were tested. Boards produced without hardener presented better mechanical properties except for SHR. Indeed, SHR was around 9.2% improved by hardener utilization. However, hardener utilization caused around 8.4%, 7.3%, 3.6%, and 1.3% decreases for MOE, MOR, IB, and Janka hardness, respectively. Surprisingly, soaking time caused opposite results for TS and WA. The TS and WA of the hardener utilized MDF decreased around 40.3% and 29.6% for short-term soaking (2h) but remarkable increases (around 62.4% and 20%, respectively) were observed for long-term (24h) soaking. Statistical analysis proved that there were statistically significant (P<0.05) differences between all the evaluated properties.
Sustainable Agricultural Policy Strategies to Support the Existence of Subsistence Agriculture in Lingga Regency
Authors: Wijaya Mendra , Amri Pahmi
Published: June 2022

The production of subsistence farmers dominates Lingga's agricultural commodities as an alternative food supply. However, this production helps meet food needs in Lingga Regency. Along with the development of regional development, to meet the needs and regional food security and guard against land conversion activities, it is necessary to protect agricultural land. This article aims to identify the implementation of the Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Protection Program in Lingga Regency, Riau Islands Province. This research is a qualitative study with a study approach that examines the government's efforts to overcome land conversion and support the productivity of subsistence farmers as alternative food suppliers by making policies to protect agricultural land for sustainable food. Research shows that to anticipate the occurrence of land conversion, the local government of Lingga Regency issued two regulations to ensure the protection of sustainable agricultural land and the determination of the area of rice fields. This study still has limitations, namely respondents for primary data sources, especially in farmer groups. As a result, additional research will be conducted to include subsistence farmers and monitor the policy progress of the sustainable Food and agriculture land conservation program in Lingga Regency.
Fluconazole for common tinea infection: An updated review of evidence and treatment guidance
Authors: Anand Sunaina , Desai Anish , Kesare Satish S.
Published: June 2022

Dermatophytosis is the most common superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, and nails. Tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea pedis are highly prevalent and frequently recur in India. Dermatologists and general physicians in India have been observing an increase in the prevalence of superficial fungal infections and find it clinically challenging to treat recalcitrant dermatophytosis due to new isolates, antifungal resistance, patient non-compliance, changing pathophysiology and symptoms. This review discusses the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and safety of different dosage regimens of weekly oral fluconazole.
Cutaneous manifestations in health care providers wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during COVID care
Authors: Rakesh Nalla , Gupta Bhaskar , Das Kinnor
Published: June 2022

To study the cutaneous manifestations of health care workers wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) during COVID care.

This study was carried out in Silchar Medical College and Hospital (SMCH), Silchar, Assam, India. Healthcare providers of SMCH were provided with comprehensive picture based Google form. A total of 63 health care professionals enrolled voluntarily in the study and filled up the questionnaire. The responses were collected and tabulated.

: The mean age of health care workers was 29.2 years. There were 36(57.14%) males and 27(42.85%) females. Out of these, 43(68.25%) were doctors, 14(22.22%) were nurses and 6 (9.52%) were Allied health professionals (AHP). Cutaneous manifestations due to use of PPE were reported in 60(95.23%) participants. Common skin manifestations due to use of masks were ear soreness (61.90%), pressure bruises (44.44%), acne (11.11%). Cutaneous manifestations are frequent with the use of gloves, out of which most common was contact rash and itching (34.92%). Problems due to body protection were less compared to mask and gloves. Excessive sweating and miliaria (73.01%) are most common followed by intertrigo (39.68%) and folliculitis (20.63%).

This study throws light on the difficulties faced by the health care workers during COVID crisis and highlights few measures by which they can be prevented.
A study of incidence of dry eye after manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification
Authors: Prabtani Ruchi M , Trivedi Harish R
Published: June 2022

To compare incidence of dry eye between phacoemulsification and manual small incision cataract surgery.

This observational study included two groups. Group A consisted of 30 patients who had undergone manual small incision cataract surgery and Group B consisted of 30 patients who had undergone phacoemulsification. A detailed history was taken from all paricipants before they underwent a complete systemic and ocular examination which included best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure, and dilated fundus examination. Tests for dry eyes likes Schirmer’s test 1, tear film break up time (TBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH) was done postoperatively at 1 week, 3 weeks and 1 month postoperative. One test positive out of three was considered as a dry eye.

The values of various tear film tests schirmer’s test, tear film break up time and tear meniscus height showed no significant difference between both groups (Chi square test P Value = 0.605,0.832, 1). There was no significant difference in incidence of dry eye in manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification (Chi square test p value = 0.317). On comparing the data with respect to age and sex, no significant difference in incidence of dry eye was seen between both groups or between male and female. There is high incidence of dry eye 33.33⸓ seen in diabetic patients. (Chi square test P Value = 0.0371).

There is no significant difference in incidence of dry eye between manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification. We also found out high incidence of dry eye in diabetic patients.
Assessment of demographic pattern and causative factors in visually disabled persons residing in Gadag district, Karnataka
Authors: Lavanya S R , Bellary Radhika
Published: June 2022

The study was done to know demographic patterns, causative factors in visually disabled persons residing in Gadag, Karnataka.

It is a retrospective study. Both male and female visually disabled people who attended low vision clinic for disability certificate were included even if they had multiple disability. Visual disability < 30% and age < 5 years were excluded. Their demographic data and clinical data is collected and analysed.

Total 323 persons were included. 214 (66%) were male, 109(34%) were female persons. Mean age was 37.52 years. Age < 15 years were 38(12%), 15-45 years were 184 (57%) and > 45 years were 101 (31%). 77(24%) belong to the general category, 198(61%) belong to other backward castes, and 48 (15%) belong to sc/st. Among the persons > 15 years, 43 (15%) graduated and 65(23%) were illiterates. Majority (45%) are unemployed. Among the ones who are employed mainly work as music teachers and agricultural coolies.258 (80%) belong to BPL. 255(79%) did not have any comorbidities. 157(49%) had complete blindness. 52% were blind and 48% were belong to low vision category. Refractive errors and retinal pathology were together constituting 54% of the cases. Congenital and hereditary cases constituted 75% of the cases. Visual acuity was alone affected in 36(11%) cases visual fields alone in 15(5%) cases, and both were affected in 271(84%) cases.

Visually disabled persons in our study showed male preponderance. Few were employed as music artists and teachers and majority were illiterates.refractive errors and retinal pathology were major reasons.
Comparison of visual fields and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in assessing optic nerve head damage in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Nookala Gnana Prasoona Devi , Sandhya C S , Karimoon T  , Harris T Adline
Published: June 2022

This study aims at evaluating the relationship between visual fields by HFA and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and ONH parameters by OCT in assessing optic nerve head damage in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.

A total of 87 glaucomatous eyes were included. All subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination, gonioscopy, visual field examination by Humphrey’s automated visual field analyzer and RNFL thickness and ONH parameters assessment by SD-OCT. Glaucomatous eyes were graded according to Hodapp, Parrish, and Anderson’s classification. Quadrant wise RNFL thickness and average thickness were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using Epidemiological Information Package (EPI) version 7.2.

: Average and vertical CD ratio was found to be the most important ONH parameter to discriminate early from moderate glaucoma and for assessing progression from moderate to severe glaucoma. All ONH parameters except the disc area were significant. A significant correlation was detected between mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, and average RNFL thickness. Average RNFL thickness was the best parameter to discriminate early from moderate, and moderate from severe glaucoma. The sectoral RNFL thicknesses also showed a gradual decline and were statistically significant in all sectors in moderate and severe glaucoma and only in inferior and superior sectors in mild and moderate glaucoma.

In the present study, average RNFL thickness had a good diagnostic value in the diagnosis of glaucoma and for grading of glaucoma according to its severity. The structural changes on OCT correlated well with functional damage shown on visual fields.
Epidemiology of vernal keratoconjunctivitis at a tertiary eye care centre in south India
Authors: Preethi B  , Mittal Preeti , Kumar K Kiran , Babu G Suresh , Srinivasa K H
Published: June 2022

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, allergic inflammation of the tarsal and ⁄ or bulbar conjunctiva, that has a varied demographic profile.

This study was conducted to know prevalence and presentation of VKC at tertiary eye care centre in South India.

A cross-sectional study of VKC patients attending the cornea clinic in a tertiary eye care centre in Karnataka, south India from September 2018 to August 2020. Detailed history, ocular examination and corneal topography with pentacam of all the patients with VKC was done. Treatment protocol was followed as per disease severity.

Out of 1684 patients, 1028 (61.05%) cases were male and 656 (38.95%) were female. Mean age of presentation was 7.1±4.2 years. Chronic perennial disease was seen in 960 cases (57%). According to disease severity index most cases n= 863 (51.25%) presented with moderate VKC. Personal or family history of associated allergy or atopy was documented in 286 (17%) patients. Keratoconus was the most common complication associated with VKC n=243 (14.42%). The major sight threatening complication causing blinding disease was shield ulcer n=21(1.24%).

In our study, chronic perennial form of VKC was more common in tropical savanna kind of climate in south India. Keratoconus was a significant association with VKC that can be detected early by screening with pentacam. However, association of VKC with allergy or atopy was less significant in this study.
Diabetic retinopathy screening in diabetic patients attending non communicable disease clinic at tertiary health care hospital
Authors: Merchant Vrutti M , Kapadia Priti R
Published: June 2022

To streamline regular visits of NCD clinic diabetic patients for retina screening in relation to duration of disease, severity of diabetic retinopathy, magnitude of visual impairment and blindness.

: Hospital based observational analytical cross-sectional study.

200 diabetic patients attending Non Communicable Disease clinic from January 2020- May 2021 above 18years of age were included and dilated retinal examination using Indirect ophthalmoscope were classified according to ETDRS classification after doing visual assessment.

Analysis was done using Chi-square test, ANOVA, t-test. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

93.5% were screened for first time, the point prevalence being 27.5%. 24% males and 33% females had diabetic retinopathy. The mean age was 52.4±9.168 years of diabetic retinopathy patients (P=0.01). 7.2% had unilateral diabetic retinopathy. 26.41% had DR in <5yrs, 45.28% in 6-10yrs, 18.85% in 11-15yrs, 9.43% in >15yrs. Mean duration diabetes of patients having DR was 8.88±4.99 years. 35 patients (63.63%) were insulin dependent. DME was found to be 22.7% and STDR was 13%.

The study made NCD diabetic patients aware of importance of retinal check up. Duration of diabetes, severity of diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment are interrelated.
Susac syndrome: A rare presentation
Authors: Wani Ourfa Ashraf , Lone Intiyaz Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Susac syndrome is an autoimmune microangiopathy characterized by a triad of encephalopathy, sensori-neural hearing loss and varying degrees of branch retinal artery occlusion. A young male patient is described with features of focal neurological lesions and small superficial retinal haemorrhages and areas of retinal arteriolar endothelial inflammation appearing as Gass plaques. Susac syndrome presents with varying features involving brain, inner ear and retina. Fundus Fluorescein angiography should be performed in all patients with an unexplained encephalopathy to look for characteristic arteriolar wall changes.
Role of C-reactive protein in deciding duration of antibiotics therapy in neonatal bacterial infection in Maharashtra
Authors: Shah Nilesh T , Varshney Shivendra , Patel Umang P
Published: June 2022

: Neonatal bacterial infection remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. CRP parameter can be the indicator to use the proper antibiotic with certain duration.

60 Neonates < 28 days having/suspicious of bacterial infection (septicaemia) were studied. Blood and Urine culture and sensitivity, routine blood examination, chest x-ray, CRP (serum), were studied. Neonates were classified as per the levels of CRP levels <6 as group 1&> 6 as group 2.

Clinical features: 48(80%) born by vaginal delivery, 4(66%) had maternal fever >100.4 F, 6(10%) PROM, 23(38.3%) refusal to feeds, 20(33.3%) were lethargic, 12(20%) had poor cry, 7(11.6%) had jaundice, 8(13.3%) had conjunctivitis, 7(11.6%) had vomiting, 4(6.6%) had excessive cry, 3(5%) abdominal distension, 3(5%) hypothermia, 1(1.6%) had fever, 2(3.3%) diarrhoea, 1(1.6%) umbilical Sepsis. The Gram Negative organismsseen in 20(33.3%). In Group A-28 neonates had CRP value <6 and duration of therapy was <3 days. In group B-32 neonates had CRP value >6, 2 neonates treated for 5 days, 17 for 7 days, 13 for 11 days and 26 neonates had positive blood culture.

CRP levels plays vital role to evaluate the duration of antibiotic therapy in neonates of suspected bacterial infection.
The Horn of Africa: Past and Present
Authors: Kassaye Nygusie Michael V.
Published: June 2022

The Horn of Africa has a special geographical position, since it has access to the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. The worsening situation in the Horn of Africa is evidenced by the crisis in Somalia, the raging war in the Ethiopian region of Tigray, for the second year with the participation of the Eritrean army, as well as the growing tension in the states of Oromia and Amhara. The armed conflict that began in November 2020 in northern Ethiopia is now a source of instability for the region. The conflict and the collapse of the economy of this country lead to the displacement of the population, and neighboring states such as Sudan, Djibouti, Kenya and, probably, Somalia will suffer the most from the wave of migration. The article deals with political processes and relations in the Horn of Africa region.
Estimación y pronóstico de radiación solar en el valle de Aburrá – Colombia
Authors: M. Cano Luisa , Carmona M. Alejandra , Martínez J. Alejandro , Arias Paola A.
Published: June 2022

El diagnóstico y pronóstico de la irradiancia solar en superficie son elementos importantes para el aprovechamiento del recurso solar. En este estudio se evaluó el desempeño del reanálisis ERA5, las estimaciones satelitales del GOES16 y los pronósticos del Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) mediante mediciones en un sitio en el Valle de Aburrá. El análisis se concentró en los ciclos diurnos, el comportamiento estacional y las variaciones interanuales de las estimaciones de irradiancia solar en superficie y energía acumulada diaria. En general, el reanálisis produjo estimaciones más cercanas a las observaciones que los datos derivados del GOES16. A escala diaria, el ERA5 presentó menores sesgos (entre 0,01 y 1,05 kWh/) que los estimaciones del GOES16 (entre -1,23 y 1,07 kWh/). Las estimaciones del ERA5 evidenciaron que la radiación solar fue mayor durante los eventos de El Niño, especialmente en la temporada de diciembre-enero-febrero, con un aumento promedio del 10 % con respecto a las condiciones neutrales o de La Niña. Por otra parte, los pronósticos del WRF exhibieron errores de sesgo medio (MBE) de alrededor del 20 % y errores cuadráticos medios (RMSE) de alrededor del 50 %, semejantes a los de otros estudios. Los análisis de correlaciones mostraron, además, que el WRF puede representar de forma adecuada las variaciones horarias y diarias de la radiación, con correlaciones entre 0,86 y 0,81, respectivamente. Tanto en las estimaciones para el diagnóstico del ERA5 y del GOES16, como en los pronósticos del WRF, los mayores errores se encontraron en días y temporadas de mayor nubosidad y lluvias.
Análisis matemático de un modelo metapoblacional para la dinámica del dengue
Authors: Llanos Aarom , Arias Heliana
Published: June 2022

No es una novedad que el crecimiento de las poblaciones urbanas está aumentando, especialmente en zonas de bajos recursos. Dicho crecimiento viene acompañado de servicios de saneamiento ambiental deficientes y falta de recursos para el almacenamiento adecuado del agua, lo que ha favorecido el crecimiento de la población de mosquitos y, por ende, la propagación del dengue. El dengue es una enfermedad viral transmitida principalmente por los mosquitos Aedes aegypti que constituye uno de los mayores problemas de salud pública. El análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de la propagación de esta enfermedad es de suma importancia para la sociedad, pues permite plantear un plan de choque para la prevención de una epidemia. Presentamos el análisis de un modelo metapoblacional del tipo SIR-SI que representa la dinámica del dengue para dos zonas conectadas por los tiempos de permanencia de la población humana en ellas, así como el análisis cualitativo del modelo, considerando diferentes escenarios de conexión entre las dos zonas estudiadas.
Lógica cuántica: enfoque reticular ortocomplementado modular y tesis de la interpretación parcial
Authors: Villacís Carlos
Published: June 2022

En el presente artículo se propone una concepción de la lógica cuántica como forma de interpretación de la mecánica cuántica. Se establece como hipótesis metodológica la tesis metateórica de la interpretación parcial para realizar una reconstrucción del enfoque reticular ortocomplementado modular con el cual Birkhoff y von Neumann iniciaron el desarrollo de la lógica cuántica. Sobre estas bases se elabora una modelización lógica del cálculo proposicional obtenido en comparación analítica con otras estructuras lógico-algebraicas. Se discuten los resultados a partir de la propiedad distributiva y de la capacidad para retener la propiedad de la modularidad. Por último, se ponen de manifiesto problemas heurísticos y formales con respecto al éxito de la consecución de tal núcleo conceptual
El Mapa de Timaná: versión de puño y pluma de Francisco José de Caldas
Authors: Mejía Macía Sergio Andrés
Published: June 2022

Se analiza una versión inacabada del Mapa de Timaná de Francisco José de Caldas, cuyo original fue levantado en 1798, nunca fue comentado por sus contemporáneos y no ha sido reconocido ni titulado como tal desde 1816. Si bien no se trata de la pieza original –que como se sabe fue entregada por su autor a Alexander von Humboldt, quien la editó e imprimió en 1814–, sí se demuestra que es obra del puño y pluma de Caldas. A partir de este descubrimiento, se propone un criterio cartográfico y de estilo para la búsqueda continuada de mapas, bocetos y borradores de autoría de Caldas.
ARTE E CIÊNCIA NA PANDEMIA: UM SAMBINHA PARA BRUNO LATOUR
Authors: Pereira Tomaz Silva Taáte
Published: June 2022

Letra de música: Arte e Ciência na pandemia: um sambinha para Bruno Latour.
Link do YouTube: https://youtu.be/3kfKh4VchuE
ENTRE O SONORO, A VISUALIDADE E O TÁTIL: O SUJEITO EM EUREKA / BLINDHOTLAND (1970-1975) DE CILDO MEIRELES
Authors: Alciones de Oliveira Leite Caroline
Published: June 2022

Nota de pesquisa de doutoramento. Tema principal: a obra de Cildo Meireles,
Fenomenologia: natura, znaczenie, ograniczenia
Authors: Lonergan Bernard J. F. , Dominika Dziurosz-Serafinowicz
Published: June 2022

„Fenomenologia: natura, znaczenie, ograniczenia” to przekład publikacji Bernarda J. F. Lonergana pt. „Phenomenology” nature, significance, limitations”. Tenże dwunasty wykład kanadyjskiego filozofia o fenomenologii traktuje o jej definicji, przedmiocie, naturze, znaczeniu i zasługach oraz związkach z innymi naukami. Wprowadza czytelnika w główne koncepcje tej szkoły filozoficznej i zapoznaje z autorami, dla których ten sposób myślenia jest charakterystyczny. Filozof w szczególności zwraca uwagę na to, iż jest to metoda badań, w której istotną rolę odgrywa wgląd (insight). Warto zauważyć, że kategoria wglądu w epistemologii Bernarda J. F. Lonergana (1904–1984) — XX-wiecznego myśliciela i księdza filozofującego na pograniczu fenomenologii, tomizmu i hermeneutyki — jest kluczowa. Przekładu dokonała Dominika Dziurosz-Serafinowicz.
The Anarcho-Capitalist Case Against the State as a Challenge to the Minarchist Libertarians
Authors: Dominiak Łukasz , Wysocki Igor
Published: June 2022

The present paper formulates the principled anarcho-capitalist case against the state and investigates the possible minarchist replies thereto. It identifies three and only three logically available (general) ways of undermining the anarcho-capitalist case and argues that none of them works for minarchism (although they might work for other political philosophies) due to the premises from which this theory starts. The sketch of the analysis presented in the paper suggests that minarchist research program falls short of theoretical soundness or even of logical validity (albeit not necessarily of a political appeal).
Technologia sztucznej inteligencji w dziennikarstwie a perspektywa deantropocentryzmu dziennikarza
Authors: Gruchoła Małgorzata
Published: June 2022

Celem artykułu było – poprzez analizę literatury przedmiotu oraz sposobów wykorzystania sztucznej inteligencji w dziennikarstwie – wykazanie, że technologia AI może być źródłem deantropocentryzmu dziennikarza. Zastosowano metodę analityczno-opisową i syntetyczną. Uzyskane wnioski pozwalają na częściowe potwierdzenie przyjętej we wprowadzeniu hipotezy badawczej zakładającej, że zastosowanie technologii AI w dziennikarstwie implikuje zmiany we wszystkich czterech – wyróżnionych przez Ewę Bińczyk – rodzajach antropocentryzmu, kształtując deantropocentryzm dziennikarza. Perspektywa ta oznacza zmianę roli dziennikarza w dziennikarstwie obliczeniowym. Obecnie powstaje dziennikarz hybrydowy, dzielący większość aktywności dziennikarskich z bytami nie-ludzkimi (oprogramowanie, algorytmy, boty społeczne), które obok wykonywania czynności technicznych coraz częściej determinują jakość informacji, pełniąc funkcję gatekeepingu algorytmicznego. Interpretacja wszystkich zagadnień z punktu widzenia człowieka i przez człowieka coraz częściej bywa wypierana przez „interpretację” bytów technologicznych. Do niedawna „wytwory moralne” dziennikarstwa obliczeniowego były pośrednio wytworami programisty – człowieka. Obecnie technologia generatywna GPT-3 zmienia tę perspektywę. Algorytmy uczące się od siebie nie znają kategorii wartości, wiarygodności czy dobra. Zdanie się na działanie bytów nie-ludzkich niesie ze sobą problemy natury fundamentalnej, gdyż oznacza rezygnację z antropocentryzmu dziennikarza.
İbn Hazm’a Göre Keramet ve Mahiyeti
Authors: BULUT Halil İbrahim
Published: June 2022

Müslümanlar peygamberlerin varlığını ve mûcizelerin vuku bulduğunu bir iman esası olarak kabul ederler. Salih ya da velî kimselerden kerametlerin zuhur edip etmeyeceği hususu ise tartışmalıdır. Yüce Allah’ın salih kullarına kalp huzuru, imanda sebat ve bağışlanma müjdesi şeklinde lütufta bulunması tarzındaki manevî kerametin varlığını bütün İslâm âlimleri kabul etmiştir. Ancak ölüleri diriltmek, nesnelerin mahiyetini değiştirmek, cansız varlıklar ve hayvanlarla konuşmak, gaybı bilmek, uzak mesafeleri kısa zamanda kat etmek, su üzerinde veya havada yürümek gibi normal şartlarda bir insanın yapamayacağı olağanüstü durumları yapmak tarzındaki kevnî/hissî kerametlerin varlığı ciddi tartışmalara konu olmuştur. Mu‘tezilî âlimler başta olmak üzere bazı Sünnî âlimler de kevnî kerametleri reddetmiş, bu tür hadiselerin ancak peygamberler için –Allah’ın izni ve yaratmasıyla- söz konusu olabileceğini ve bunların da mûcize diye isimlendirildiklerini savunmuşlardır. Onlar, kevnî kerametin kabul edilmesi durumunda nübüvvet müessesesine ve dolayısıyla mûcizenin delil oluşuna halel gelebileceği kaygısı içindedirler. İşte bu görüşü kabul edenlerden birisi de Endülüs’te yetişmiş meşhur Zâhirî âlim İbn Hazm’dır (öl. 456/1064). O, hârikulâde olayların sadece peygamberler için meydana geleceğini iddia etmiş; salih, sâhir ya da fâcir bir kimsenin hârikulâde işler yapabilmesinin mümkün olmadığını savunmuştur. Ona göre cevherlerin yoktan var edilmesi, bir varlığın başka bir varlığa dönüştürülmesi ve bunlara benzer hârikulâde olayları sadece yüce Allah yapabilir ve bunları da ancak peygamberlerini desteklemek için yapar. Şayet bu tür hadiselerin peygamberlerin dışındaki kimselerden de zuhur edebileceği kabul edilirse, bu durumda nübüvvetin en önemli delili olan mûcize büyük bir darbe almış olur. Bu sebeple İbn Hazm, prensip olarak hârikulâde olayları sadece peygamberlere tahsis etmiş, onların dışındaki hiçbir kimseden mûcizeye denk bir hârikulâdenin zuhur etmesini imkân dâhilinde görmemiştir. Bununla birlikte o, Kur’ân ve hadislerde peygamber olmadıkları bilinen bazı kimselere nispet edilen hârikulâde olayların varlığını kabul etmiş ve bunları söz konusu dönemde yaşayan peygamberin mûcizeleri olarak yorumlamıştır. Nitekim Hz. Peygamber’in yaşadığı dönemde de bazı sahâbîlerden hârikulâde olayların zuhur ettiğini kabul eden İbn Hazm, bu tür olayların Hz. Peygamber’in vefatıyla birlikte son bulduğunu iddia etmiştir. İşte bu makalede genel anlamda kerametin imkânı, mahiyeti ve sınırları konusu ele alınmış; Ehl-i hadise mensup bir âlim olmasına rağmen İbn Hazm’ın mûcize-keramet ilişkisi, kerametin imkân ve mahiyetine yönelttiği eleştirirler değerlendirilmiştir.
Kādî Abdülcebbâr’ın Düşüncesinde Dilin Yeri
Authors: ERZİ Mesut
Published: June 2022

Kādî Abdülcebbâr’ın düşünce dünyası incelendiğinde bunun, Tanrı’nın insanı sorumlu kılabilmesinin imkânı üzerine kurulu olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Eş deyişle o, teklif merkezli inşa edilen bir düşünce evreni ve düzenine sahiptir. Bu yüzden de onun usûlü’d-dîn şeklinde adlandırdığı düşüncesinin içeriğini insanın sorumlulukları oluşturmaktadır. İnsanın bu sorumlulukları ise akıl yoluyla kendisine bildirilen yükümlülükler anlamında akliyyât ve akıl tarafından tayin edilmesinin olanak dışı olmasından ötürü ancak vahyin gönderilmesiyle mesul tutulacağı hususlar mânasında nübüvvât (sem‘iyyât) olmak üzere iki temel başlık altında toplanmaktadır. Akliyyât, aklî teklif sahasını; nübüvvât ise sem‘î (şer‘î) teklif alanını tanımlar. Akliyyâtın kapsamında tevhid ile adalet ilkeleri ve bu ilkelerle bağlantılı mevzular bulunmaktadır. Teklifin bu kısmında Kādî Abdülcebbâr’ın sistemi tamamen akıl tarafından kurulmaktadır. Öyle ki akıl hem öğrenmekle mükellef olduğu ilimleri öğrenir hem de yapması gereken amelleri tespit eder. Bu nedenle Kādî’ye ait sistemde bu noktaya kadar vahye gereksinim duyulmamaktadır. Nübüvvâtın içeriğini oluşturan sem‘î teklif ise aklî teklifle yükümlü tutulan şeylerin yapılmasından sonra söz konusu olup sisteme dahil olmaktadır. Öyle ki sem‘î teklif, aklî teklifin dışında kalan ve ancak sem‘ (vahiy) vasıtasıyla bilinebilen hususlara ihtiyaç duyulduğunda gündeme gelmektedir. Adı geçen bu hususlara örnek vermek gerekirse zinanın ahlaki çöküntüye sebep olduğu bilgisi, namaz ve oruç gibi şer‘î ibadetlerle maslahatlar zikredilebilir. Kādî Abdülcebbâr’ın düşüncesinin içeriğini oluşturan söz konusu akliyyât ve nübüvvâtın (sem‘iyyât) ispat edilmesi, temellendirilmesi ve gerekçelendirilmesi amacıyla üç farklı delil türünün kullanıldığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bunlar sırasıyla aklî, sem‘î ve lugavî (dil) delillerdir. Bu delillerden her birinin kendine ait, yetkili tek mercii addedildiği bir etkinlik alanı bulunmaktadır. Nitekim akliyyât bahislerinde aklî delil, şer‘iyyât meselelerinde sem‘î delil ve dil mevzularında da lugavî delil esas alınmaktadır. Bu araştırma lugavî delilin, yani dilin Kādî Abdülcebbâr’ın düşüncesinde söz sahibi kabul edildiği alanı detaylandırıp kapsamlı hale getirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Eş deyişle bu makalede telif edici rol oynayan etken, dilin bir istidlâl yöntemi olarak Kādî Abdülcebbâr’ın düşüncesindeki yerinin ve etki sahasının ne ölçüde olduğu sorusunun en yalın cevapla açıklanıp ortaya konulmasıdır.
İlahiyat Öğrencilerinin Kelâm Dersi ve Öğretimine Karşı Tutumları: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: KANDEMİR Ahmet Mekin , KANDEMİR Sibel
Published: June 2022

Yükseköğretim düzeyinde din öğretimi yapılan kurumları olan ilahiyat ve İslami ilimler fakültelerinde temel İslam bilimleri bünyesinde okutulan kelâm derslerine ve bu derslerin öğretim sürecine ilişkin lisans öğrencilerinin tutumlarına yönelik kapsamlı bir çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu ihtiyacı gidermek amacıyla kelâm derslerine karşı öğrenci tutumlarını ölçen 5’li likert yapıda 30 maddelik bir ölçek taslağı hazırlanmıştır. 2021-2022 öğretim yılında ülkemizdeki ilahiyat ve İslami ilimler fakültelerinde eğitim gören lisans öğrencilerinden rastgele seçilen 1007 kişiye bu anket uygulanmıştır. Bu örneklemde katılımcıların %69,9 ‘u (N=704) kadın ve %30,1’i (N=303) ise erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerle yapılan analizlerde anketin yüksek düzeyde iç tutarlılığa sahip olduğu görülmüş ve faktör çıkarmaya uygunluğu Bartlett Küresellik Testi ve Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) örneklem yeterlik testi ile hesaplanmıştır. KMO değeri 0,934 ve Bartlett testi sonucunda ki-kare değeri [X2= 8083,719 p0,001] anlamlı bulunmuştur. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucu 16 maddeli ve üç faktörlü bir ölçeğin elde edilebileceği görülmüştür. Toplam varyans açıklama oranı %62,7 olan ölçekte yer alan maddelerin faktör yükleri 0,561 ile 0,790 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçeğin birinci faktöründe derse giren öğretim elemanlarına, kullanılan öğretim yöntem ve tekniklerine ve ders kitaplarına dair tutumu ölçen maddeler, ikinci faktöründe dersin dinî ve meslekî gelişime katkısı ve son faktörde ise bireyin derse olan ilgisini ölçen maddeler toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılığını gösteren Cronbach Alfa değeri 0,914 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçek maddelerinin ayırt ediciliği alt ve üst gruplara dayalı bağımsız örneklem t testi ile analiz edildiğinde bu iki grup ölçekten aldıkları toplam puanlar arasındaki farkın p0,01 düzeyinde anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin doğrulayıcı faktör analizlerinin yapılması için aynı eğitim-öğretim yılında ikinci bir uygulama daha yapılmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 657 kişilik ikinci örneklem %73,4’ü (N=482) kadın, %26,6’sı(N=175) erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Bu veri setine yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucu ki-kare testinin sonucu X²/df =2.95 ve mutlak uyum indeksleri olan GFI= 0.95, AGFI=0.93 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu değerler ölçeğin iyi uyum özelliklerine sahip geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ölçekle yapılan ikinci uygulamadan elde edilen bulgulara göre ilahiyat ve İslami ilimler fakültesi öğrencilerinin kelâm dersi ve öğretimine yönelik tutumları olumludur. Ölçeğin alt boyutları olan öğretim sürecine ilişkin tutumlar, dersin dinî-meslekî gelişimine katkısına dair tutumlar ve derse karşı ilgi arasında pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı korelasyon mevcuttur.
The Role of Islamic Education in Teaching Moral Values to Students
Authors: Hasanah Nur Zaytun , Sutra Shafira Dhaisani , Istiqomah Istiqomah , Dewantara M Hajar , Boulahnane Saad
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to interpret the consequential role of Islamic education in shaping students’ noble character. Islam, which was supposed to be the basis for the mindset and attitude pattern in a Muslim-majority country, is no longer a solid reference. What has long been regarded as foul, non-Islamic behaviors are increasingly rampant today. Public display of blatant nudity and sex related activity shown on social media has become a disconcerting phenomenon. This research is a type of qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive research approach. The data collection techniques adopted observation, documentation, and interviews to determine the role of Islamic education in shaping students' morals. Based on the data obtained, students at SD Khoiru Ummah Yogyakarta learning Islamic education are taught about Aqidah, sharia, and morals. The results show that the role of teaching and learning Islamic education can shape the character of students who have noble character where this is reflected in their thinking, their fidelity to religion, their courage to voice the truth, and their good influence on their families, communities, and society.
Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Their Potential to Fight Climate Change
Authors: Marisol Miranda Sánchez Sonnia , Tatiana Quishpi Chasiluisa Noemi , Alexander Córdova Uvidia Rafael , Mileni Echeverría Guadalupe Magdy
Published: June 2022

The use of fossil fuels to meet humanity’s energy needs is causing serious environmental damage. According to several scientists, the net greenhouse gas emissions must be zero by 2050 to avoid irreversible effects. Hydrogen fuel cells are devices that directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy; its efficiency is above that of internal combustion engines, steam, and gas turbines. In this article, the research question – What is the potential of hydrogen fuel cells to mitigate climate change consequences? – is addressed with a focus on the circular economy, applications of fuel cells in transportation and in obtaining water for localities that suffer water stress. Finally, it is concluded that to achieve the sustainable development objectives, a combined use of renewable energies is fundamental, with hydrogen being a protagonist of the energy transition at the global level.
Keywords: Electrolysis, Climate change, Renewable energy, Fuel cells, Circular economy
Resumen
El uso de combustibles fósiles para satisfacer las necesidades energéticas de la humanidad está causando graves daños ambientales; según varios científicos, las emisiones netas de gases de efecto invernadero deben ser cero hasta antes de 2050 para evitar efectos irreversibles. Las pilas de combustible de hidrógeno son dispositivos que permiten convertir la energía química en energía eléctrica de forma directa; su eficiencia está por encima de la de los motores de combustión interna, turbinas de vapor y de gas. Este artículo, responde a la pregunta de investigación ¿cuál es el potencial de las pilas de combustible de hidrógeno para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático?, con un enfoque en la economía circular, aplicaciones de las pilas de combustible en el transporte, y en la obtención de agua para localidades que sufren de estrés hídrico. Finalmente, se concluye que, para alcanzar los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, el uso combinado de energías renovables es fundamental, siendo el hidrógeno un protagonista de la transición energética a nivel global.
Palabras Clave: Electrólisis, Cambio climático, Energía renovable, Pilas de combustible, Economía circular.
A preliminary analysis of the intersection between domestic violence, coercive control and migration statuses in Ireland and Spain
Authors: Villena Rodó Judit
Published: June 2022

This article enquires into states’ obligations to provide remedies for domestic violence when the right-claimants are in a context of precarious, insecure or irregular migration status (“migration status precarity”). Through an exploration of the laws and policies in place in two case studies, Ireland and Spain, this article questions the role of law in ensuring that barriers posed by migration statuses do not hamper women’s access to remedies for intimate partner violence. This article posits that, in the case studies examined, the criminalisation of domestic violence and coercive control does not automatically serve as an avenue to remedies when it intersects with migration status. Rather, it can be a tool of (negative) regulation of women’s right to live a life free from gender-based violence. It argues that the states’ lack of remedying an unequal access to remedies due to hurdles posed by migration statuses creates distinct categories of more or less deserving victims/survivors depending on their citizenship and migration statuses.

Received: 24 June 2021Accepted: 22 February 2022
La Spina, Encarnación. 2020. La vulnerabilidad de las personas refugiadas ante el reto de la integración. Cizur Menor: Aranzadi Thomson Reuters. 251 p.
Authors: Dupont Pier-Luc
Published: June 2022

Drawing on European and comparative jurisprudence and reports, this book review synthesises minimal legal standards and discretionary policies aiming to mitigate vulnerability and promote integration among asylum seekers, refugees and beneficiaries of international protection. It also highlights some of the gaps and inconsistencies that remain to be resolved for the Common European Asylum System to adequately protect the human rights of persons subjected to multiple, intersectional factors of vulnerability.
Neuropsychological Means of Developing Emotional Intelligence in Children
Authors: Chystovska Yuliia , Babiak Olha , Honcharovska Наlyna , Borets Yuliia , Dorofey Svitlana , Savytska Olha
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the age and neuropsychological features and means of developing the child's emotional intelligence based on foreign and domestic experiences. An attempt is made to generalize the definition of emotional intelligence in the scientific literature. A neuropsychological approach to studying the relationship between a child's emotional development and emotional and rational brain has been implemented. The vital role of social and emotional learning of students (SEL) on their academic success and personal growth in the research of modern foreign researchers is emphasized. In the organization of emotional development of the child's personality, a complex combination of the principle of systematics is recommended, taking into account the social nature of the psyche with the principle of biological (brain) organization of emotional phenomena. The psychological characteristics of the emotional and personal sphere of the child and some emotional disorders in the context of neuropsychology are analyzed. The essence of the interaction of biological and social factors in the development of mental functions of emotions taking into account their subcortical-cortical brain mechanisms is revealed. The program on developing the child's emotional intelligence with the indication of actual conditions of its realization is developed. The success of the development of emotional intelligence in children with reliance on art-therapeutic methods has been noted. It is recommended to use neuropsychological technologies for the child's mental development, focusing on the doctrine of the three functional blocks of the brain and solid mental activity to form new neural connections. The necessity of neuropsychological support of left-handed children is argued.
Prevalence of a Late Readiness Potential During a Deliberate Decision-Making Task
Authors: Blignaut Julianne , Vandenheever David
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the hypothesis that neural markers associated with arbitrary decision-making are present in higher order, deliberate decisions. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate the effect of higher order decision content on neurophysiological markers such as the late readiness potential and the P300 potential. An experiment was designed to measure, evaluate, and compare these electroencephalographic potentials under both arbitrary and deliberate choice conditions. Participants were presented with legal cases and had to convict and acquit criminal offenders. Distinct readiness potentials and P300 potentials were observed for both arbitrary and deliberate decisions across all participants. These findings support the hypothesis that the readiness potential and the P300 potential are present in the neurophysiological data for higher order deliberate decisions. The study also showed initial findings of how the readiness potential may inherently relate to decision content. Increased readiness potential amplitudes were observed for participants with previous exposure to violent crime when they had to acquit or convict criminals accused of violent crimes.
"Finally, We Could Have Slower Mornings and Proper Breakfasts!": Mapping Parenting Experience During Pandemic-Enforced Lockdown in Poland
Authors: Sońta Monika , Zych Barbara
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to explore and indicate key moments in the experience of the Polish mothers who are caregivers and worked professionally during a national COVID-related lockdown between March and May 2020.

This is a mixed-methods study. The main data was collected by an online survey (n=153) run between 14 and 30 May 2020 asking parents about the most challenging and the most positive moments they experienced during a homestay with their children. The responses were coded thematically. Additionally, five in-depth interviews with HR Business Partners in multinational companies have been conducted.

As a result, the list of “positive” and “challenging” moments has been established identifying challenging areas such as: organizing daily routines, especially meals for all family members, and selfperception of being neither a “good enough” parent nor a productive employee. The positive discoveries about this unusual reality included seeing the national lockdown as an opportunity for a “slower pace of living”, strengthening family bonds, and experiencing the children’s independence in daily routines.

In conclusion, the findings emphasise the importance of enabling flexibility to employees in giving the flexibility to decide on and organise his work schedule and priorities, expectations setting, and defining the desired outcome of work with a supervisor including clear communication about the expected level of availability and visibility in front of the computer.
Reforma sądownictwa administracyjnego w Kazachstanie
Authors: Shajachmetova Aiym
Published: June 2022

Opracowanie dotyczy reformy sądownictwa administracyjnego w Kazachstanie, polegającej na organizacyjnym wyodrębnieniu sądów administracyjnych i ukształtowaniu ich jako systemu sadów o trójstopniowej strukturze. Zmianie tej towarzyszyła kodyfikacja postępowania sądowoadministracyjnego, która – odmiennie od metody regulacji prawnej w europejskich porządkach prawnych – polegała na uregulowaniu postępowania sądowoadministracyjnego łącznie z postępowaniem administracyjnym w jednym akcie prawnym: Kodeksie postępowania administracyjnego z 29 czerwca 2020 r. (obowiązującym od 1 lipca 2021 r.). Do cech charakterystycznych kazachskiego postępowania sądowoadministracyjnego należy dążenie sądu do jak najszybszego merytorycznego załatwienia sprawy. W tym celu ustanowiono zasadę aktywnej roli sądu z szerokimi jego obowiązkami w zakresie postępowania dowodowego i kontroli sądowej wykonania wyroku przez organ administracji. W obrębie procedury sądowoadministracyjnej widoczne są inspiracje niemiecką ustawą o sądownictwie administracyjnym. Dotyczy to, w szczególności, typów skarg oraz metod polubownego zakończenia sporu sądowego. Z uwagi na rozwijające się dopiero w Kazachstanie zasady sądowej kontroli administracji sąd został wyposażony w daleko idące środki przymusu procesowego. Przedstawiona analiza prowadzi do wniosku, że kazachski kodeks odpowiada utrwalonym w Europie standardom proceduralnym i z pewnością przyczyni się on do ugruntowania zasad praworządności w rozwijającym się dopiero od niedawna w tym kierunku kazachskim systemie prawnym.
Prawo do jawnego rozpatrzenia sprawy sądowoadministracyjnej a pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Sieniuć Magdalena
Published: June 2022

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie istoty prawa do jawnego rozpatrzenia sprawy sądowoadministracyjnej, z jednoczesną analizą regulacji zawartej w ustawie z dnia 2 marca 2020 r. o szczególnych rozwiązaniach związanych z zapobieganiem, przeciwdziałaniem i zwalczaniem COVID-19, innych chorób zakaźnych oraz wywołanych nimi sytuacji kryzysowych oraz określeniem jej relacji do przepisów ustawy − Prawo o postępowaniu przed sądami administracyjnymi, a w ich konsekwencji udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy wpisany w tę relację mechanizm swoistego ważenia wskazanych chronionych wartości zasługuje na aprobatę, czy też w dobie pandemii COVID-19 należałoby podjąć próbę znalezienia innego rozwiązania kreującego sui generis „regułę kolizyjną” służącą zapewnieniu ochrony tych prima facie wykluczających się wartości.

Przeprowadzone rozważania wykazały, że z uwagi na ochronę zdrowia i życia ludzkiego, które stoją najwyżej w hierarchii wartości chronionych przez ustawodawcę, uprawnione jest ograniczenie prawa do jawnego rozpatrzenia sprawy sądowoadministracyjnej na rzecz formy posiedzenia niejawnego. Warunkiem jednak przemawiającym za dopuszczeniem takiego mechanizmu ważenia wskazanych wartości jest przeprowadzenie posiedzenia niejawnego z zachowaniem reguł rzetelnego procesu sądowego, gwarantujących bezstronne i sprawiedliwe rozpoznanie sprawy sądowoadministracyjnej.
John Gilissen and the Teaching of Legal History in Brussels
Authors: Dhondt Frederik
Published: June 2022

John Gilissen (1912–1988) was a high-profile legal academic at the Université libre de Bruxelles (°1834) and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (°1969). Personal – albeit fragmentary – archival records deposited with these universities permit to reconstruct his teaching (both ex cathedra-courses for big groups and intensive tutorials), impressive global scientific network and insatiable scientific curiosity. Gilissen is the author of standard works on many aspects of domestic legal history (both public and private), and acquired renown as the secretary-general of the Société Jean Bodin pour l’histoire comparative des institutions. His influential position as a public prosecutor, law professor and legal historian generates a unique insider’s perspective on the confessional, linguistic and constitutional transformation of the country from World War One to the First Reform of the State. The current law curriculum at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel still bears marks of Gilissen’s comparative approach to the history of civil law and his interest in the contemporary relevance of institutional history.