bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Reliability Implementation in Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Haase Florian Vincent , Woll Ralf
Published: June 2016

Purpose: The increasing internationalization of markets make the creation of competitive advantages more difficult. Companies have to be faster, better and more economical than their competitors in order to survive. Reliable products offer the capability to develop competitive advantages. To achieve the reliability objectives, a systematic approach of reliability actions and supporting methods is necessary. The integration of reliability activities into companies with regard to company size and industry has not been quantitatively determined.

Methodology: An international survey drawing upon literature was applied. Evaluations are based on descriptive and inductive statistics.

Results: The empirical study reveals reasons for applying reliability management in industry, the extent of applied reliability methods and performed reliability actions to achieve reliability objectives and used reliability data. The results are differentiated according to company size and industry.

Research implications: The results of this study are applicable to companies which have already dealt with reliability issues. Further studies should consider a cross-section status of reliability implementation in industry, as well as they should contain extended actions and methods of reliability.

Value of paper: This research relates to the status of reliability management implementation in international industry. There are shown significant differences in industries and company size. The results show potentials in reliability management and can be used as benchmark.
Crystal structure of diethylammonium 1,3-dimethyl-2,4,6-trioxohexahydropyrimidin-5-ide, C10H19N3O3
Authors: Barakat Assem , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Al-Majid Abdullah Mohammed , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Shaik Mohammed Rafi
Published: June 2016

C10H19N3O3, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 4.4714(2) Å, b = 17.8690(7) Å, c = 14.6323(6) Å, β = 95.272(1)°, V = 1164.17(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0518, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1370, T = 100 K.
The crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C16H13N3O4
Authors: Luo Yunchun , Yi Wen , Yao Yuzhou , Zhu Ni , Qin Pengfei
Published: June 2016

C16H13N3O4, monoclinic, C2/c (No. 15), a = 13.8536(12) Å, b = 11.0922(7) Å, c = 20.432(2) Å, β = 108.491(10)°, V = 2977.6(4) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0533, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1452, T = 293(2) K.
Current Trends in Australian Nonprofit Policy
Authors: Onyx Jenny , Cham Liz , Dalton Bronwen
Published: June 2016

There has been a large growth in nonprofits in Australia over the past 30 years. This paper will chart some of the key current policy trends that have helped shape the sector. The huge investment in the nonprofit sector by government, particularly since the mid 1990s coincided with a strong ideological shift to a neoliberal economic agenda. There was a concerted effort to bring nonprofits under the control of government policy. This has lead to greater competition among nonprofits, the growth of large charities at the expense of small local organisations, and a greater emphasis on adopting business models. Those nonprofit organisations that provide a community development role have been particularly under threat. However while much of the nonprofit world in Australia is increasingly driven by neoliberal, business oriented demands, another alternative phenomenon is emerging, particularly among young people and largely out of the gaze of public scrutiny. As fast as the state finds a way of controlling the productive energy of the nonprofit sector, the sector itself finds a way of curtailing that control, or of creating new ways of operating that go beyond existing structures and rules of operating.
Recommendations for Fetal Echocardiography in Twin Pregnancy in 2016
Authors: Leszczyńska Katarzyna , Preis Krzysztof , Respondek-Liberska Maria , Słodki Maciej , Wood Dennis , Weiner Stuart , Gembruch Ulli , Rizzo Giusseppe , Achiron Reuven , Pruetz Jay D , Sklansky Mark , Cuneo Bettina , Arabin Birgit , Blickstein Isaac
Published: June 2016

Progress in the fields of fetal cardiology and fetal surgery have been seen not only in singleton pregnancies but also in multiple pregnancies. Proper interpretation of prenatal echocardiography is critical to clinical decision making, family counseling and perinatal management for obstetricians, maternal fetal medicine specialists, neonatologists and pediatric cardiologists. Fetal echocardiography is one of the most challenging and time-consuming prenatal examinations to perform, especially in multiple gestations. Performing just the basic fetal exam in twin gestations may take an hour or more. Thus, it is not practical to perform this exam in all cases of multiple gestations. Therefore our review and recommendations are related to fetal echocardiography in twin gestation.
Fetal Atrial Flutter and Hydrops Successfully Treated with Transplacental and Direct Fetal Therapy
Authors: Cuneo Bettina F.
Published: June 2016

The hydropic fetus with atrial flutter has high risk of fetal demise. In utero treatment is not as successful as SVT with 1:1 conduction. Even after conversion to sinus rhythm, close follow-up of the pregnancy is required for several reasons..

Case Report:

A 25 year old primigravida, at 26 wks of gestation had a fetal ultrasound which showed a tachycardic hydropic fetus with AFI 49. The rhythm was atrial flutter: AR 400 bpm and VR 200 bpm. The heart was structurally normal. Transplacental antiarrhythmic treatment with sotalol was started and 24 hours later, the fetus was still primarily in flutter with rare episodes of sinus rhythm and frequent PAC. Sotalol was increased but the mother’s QTc increased to > 500 ms, so the sotalol dose was reduced. On day 4th direct i.m. of digoxin was given and fetus was in sinus rhythm. Pharmacotherapy was continued. On the 16th day of sinus rhythm (at 33 wks), a marked change in FHR variability was seen. An US revealed the fetus was in sinus rhythm with a normal FHR. Because of the decreased FHR variability, the fetus was delivered by CS and the cord pH was 7.19, Apgars 1, 9 and 9. The neonate received no antiarrhythmic medications. On day 6 of postnatal life, an AV re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) developed and sinus rhythm was successfully restored with sotalol and digoxin. The infant was treated for 18 months with no episodes of SVT or atrial flutter.
Regulation of neuronal-glial fate specification by long non-coding RNAs
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Yan , Sun Shaiqi , Lu Ming , Xia Ying
Published: June 2016

Neural stem cell transplantation is becoming a promising and attractive cell-based treatment modality for repairing the damaged central nervous system. One of the limitations of this approach is that the proportion of functional cells differentiated from stem cells still remains at a low level. In recent years, novel long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being discovered at a growing pace, suggesting that this class of molecules may act as novel regulators in neuronal-glial fate specification. In this review, we first describe the general features of lncRNAs that are more likely to be relevant to reveal their function. By this, we aim to point out the specific roles of a number of lncRNAs whose function has been described during neuronal and glial cell differentiation. There is no doubt that investigation of the lncRNAs will open a new window in studying neuronal-glial fate specification.
Neural substrates and potential treatments for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Phillips Joseph R. , Eissa Abeer M. , Hewedi Doaa H. , Jahanshahi Marjan , El-Gamal Mohamed , Keri Szabolcs , Moustafa Ahmed A.
Published: June 2016

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is primarily a motor disorder that involves the gradual loss of motor function. Symptoms are observed initially in the extremities, such as hands and arms, while advanced stages of the disease can effect blinking, swallowing, speaking, and breathing. PD is a neurodegenerative disease, with dopaminergic neuronal loss occurring in the substantia nigra pars compacta, thus disrupting basal ganglia functions. This leads to downstream effects on other neurotransmitter systems such as glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and serotonin. To date, one of the main treatments for PD is levodopa. While it is generally very effective, prolonged treatments lead to levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). LID encompasses a family of symptoms ranging from uncontrolled repetitive movements to sustained muscle contractions. In many cases, the symptoms of LID can cause more grief than PD itself. The purpose of this review is to discuss the possible clinical features, cognitive correlates, neural substrates, as well as potential psychopharmacological and surgical (including nondopaminergic and deep brain stimulation) treatments of LID.
Microscopic Study of Testicular Tissue Structure and Spermatogenesis Following Long Term Dose Dependent Administration of Monosodium Glutamate in Adult Diabetic Rats
Authors: Kianifard Davoud
Published: June 2016

Background and aims: Diabetic hyperglycemia leads to structural and functional alterations in body organs including testis. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive which has toxic effects on human and animal’s tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of MSG on diabetic complications of testicular tissue.

Material and Methods: 48 adult rats were divided into six groups. Diabetes was induced by Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg i.p.). Monosodium glutamate was administrated in two doses (6 and 60 mg/kg) to control and diabetic groups. After eight weeks, the body weight was measured and blood samples were collected for analysis of the pituitary-testicular axis hormones. Formalin fixed tissue samples were prepared through routine histologic methods.

Results: MSG led dose dependently to weight gain of control groups and prevented weight loss of diabetic rats. The blood levels of luteinizing hormone and testosterone were reduced in diabetic rats following administration of MSG. Reduction of cellular population of germinal epithelium, seminiferous tubules diameter decrement and decrease of indices of spermatogenesis were observed with more intensity in MSG treated diabetic rats.

Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the long term administration of MSG may induce in a dose dependent manner structural and functional alterations of testicular tissue in diabetic rats.
One Year Follow-up Results after Sleeve Gastrectomy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Morbid Obesity
Authors: Dejeu Viorel , Dejeu Dănuţ-Aurel , Dejeu Paula , Babeş Aurel
Published: June 2016

Background and aims: Bariatric surgery has been shown to be superior to nonsurgical approaches in terms of weight loss and remission of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome. This prospective, single-center, follow-up study assessed percentage of excessive weight loss (%EWL), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, prescribed antidiabetes drugs and diabetes remission rates in obese T2DM patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Materials and methods: 81 patients were selected and data recorded preoperatively, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively.

Results: We recorded - 69.3% EWL at 12 months (p<0.0001 compared to baseline) and a fall of HbA1c from 8.1±2.6% to 6.7±2.8% at 12 months postoperatively (p<0.0001). The percentage of patients with HbA1c<6.5% showed an increase to 40.7% (p=0.0004) and the one year T2DM remission rate was 20.9% (p=0.0012).

Conclusions: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy can significantly reduce the BMI, with near 70% EWL and near 21% T2DM remission rate in 1 year.
Changes in Quality of Native and Frozenthawed Semen in Relation to Two Collections Performed in a 24-hour Interval and Adition of Clarified Egg Yolk to Extender
Authors: Folková P. , Šichtař J. , Šimoník O. , Dokoupilová A. , Rajmon R.
Published: June 2016

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of repeated semen collection and the substitution of normal egg yolk with clarified egg yolk to commercially produced semen extender on qualitative parameters of frozen-thawed canine semen. Two semen collections were scheduled in a 24-hour interval and in each of six dogs, three 1st and three 2nd collections were performed. The frozen-thawed sperm samples were prepared either with clarified or normal egg yolk and motility and viability were evaluated. The effect of the sequence of semen collection was demonstrated by significant differences in motility and also in viability of sperms both in native and frozen-thawed ejaculate. The percentage of viable sperms was significantly higher in samples from the 2nd compared to the 1st collection. This trend was the same also in motility except in native ejaculate. The addition of clarified egg yolk was beneficial for higher survival of sperms immediately after thawing and also after 30 min of incubation, compared to samples with normal egg yolk. Sperm motility evaluated after thawing was higher in samples with clarified egg yolk, without an apparent connection with semen collection sequence. The decrease of values of the qualitative parameters of sperms observed in the period of 30 min of incubation was significantly slowed down when clarified egg yolk was used. This was especially obvious in samples from the 2nd collection.
Effect of Length of False Banana Fibre (Ensete ventricosum) on Mechanical Behaviour under Tensile Loading
Authors: Mizera Č. , Herák D. , Hrabě P. , Müller M. , Kabutey A.
Published: June 2016

The effect of gauge length of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum) on the tensile strength, volume energy, and modulus of elasticity under tensile loading was examined. Fibres of gauge length L
0 (mm) 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mm were prepared and tested until rupture point at strain rate of 0.05 min−1. Mathematical models describing the mechanical behaviour of the varying gauge lengths were presented. With the increasing gauge length of fibre, the tensile strength and volume energy decreased while the values of modulus of elasticity increased. The theoretical model describing the mechanical behaviour of Ensete fibre under tensile loading presented herein provides useful information for the fibres application in industry. The determined models could be used as a background for further research focused on Ensete fibre application.
A Revision on Cost Elements of the EOQ Model
Authors: Asadabadi Mehdi Rajabi
Published: June 2016

The overall objective of this paper is to investigate the fundamental cost elements of the traditional EOQ model and develop the model by expiring some of its unrealistic assumptions. Over the last few decades, there have been numerous studies developing the EOQ model, but the basic cost elements of the EOQ model have not been investigated efficiently. On the other hand, the capital cost of buying inventories seems to be important to be investigated separately as well as holding cost and ordering cost in the model. In this paper, the capital cost of the inventory and possible stepwise increases in holding and setup cost are taken into account to make a revised formula to compute the economic order quantity. The proposed model involves explicitly the capital cost of buying the inventories in the EOQ model to ensure the decision makers that their financial concerns are considered in the revised model and the new order quantity results the minimum total cost.
ISO 26000 – An Integrative Approach of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Herciu Mihaela
Published: June 2016

ISO 26000 represents a guidance on corporate social responsibility and it is, at the present time, one of the most important document on CSR in the world. Without being mandatory or regulated, ISO 26000 is focus on seven core subjects that have to be approached synergistic – governance, human right, labor, environment, business practices, consumer, and community – in order to achieve its goal. The present paper intends to present and analyze the seven core subjects of ISO 26000 from tow perspectives: by emphasizing the benefits of implementing the standard into the business strategy and by revealing the correlation between corporate social responsibility and sustainable development.
The Valences of “Value” for the Strategic Management Process
Authors: Ogrean Claudia
Published: June 2016

Value represents one of the key concepts in strategic management, because the evolution of both the theory and practice of strategic management has been greatly shaped by the generic searching for value. But the approaches of value have been quite various and sometimes controversial, making value one of the most complex and dynamic determinants and metrics of the strategic competitiveness of the firm. Therefore, the paper aims to identify, based on literature review, the multiple valences value has for the strategic management process (in all of its phases: analysis, formulation and implementation), in order to capture as much as possible of its multiple facets (as concerns value drivers, value creation and value distribution) into a comprehensive framework – able to successfully manage and measure the contribution of value to the strategic competitiveness of the firm, while enhancing it.
Fabrication and Characterization of Hollow Zirconia Microspheres Using Calcium Carbonate as Template
Authors: Ge Shengsong , Zhu Weixue , Shao Qian
Published: June 2016

Stabilized spherical hollow zirconia was fabricated using calcium carbonate as template through a simple precipitation
method. The as-prepared products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
transmission electron microscope (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET). Adsorption performance of the
as-prepared products toward Congo red (CR) aqueous solutions was tested and discussed. Results show that the prepared
hollow ZrO2 microspheres after calcination displayed tetragonal crystalline reflection peaks and copied the
morphology of CaCO3 template very well with a diameter of ∼ 1 μm, and the amount of
zirconium n-Butoxide and reaction time play important roles in the formation of special morphology and
structure. A possible formation mechanism was proposed according to the observed results. The as-prepared hollow
ZrO2 microspheres after calcination exhibit much better adsorption performance for CR aqueous solutions compared
with hollow ZrO2 microspheres before calcination and ZrO2 nanoparticles fabricated without template
through the same method due to their crystalline structure and large specific surface area.
Repassivation Investigations on Aluminium: Physical Chemistry of the Passive State
Authors: Nagy Tristan Oliver , Weimerskirch Morris Jhängi Joseph , Pacher Ulrich , Kautek Wolfgang
Published: June 2016

We show the temporal change in repassivation mechanism as a time-dependent linear combination of a high-field model of
oxide growth (HFM) and the point defect model (PDM). The observed switch in transient repassivation current-decrease under
potentiostatic control occurs independently of the active electrode size and effective repassivation time for all applied
overpotentials.

For that, in situ depassivation of plasma electrolytically oxidized (PEO) coatings on aluminium was performed with
nanosecond laser pulses at 266 nm and the repassivation current transients were recorded as a function of pulse number.

A mathematical model combines the well established theories of oxide-film formation and growth kinetics, giving insight in
the non linear transient behaviour of micro-defect passivation.

According to our findings, the repassivation process can be described as a charge consumption via two concurrent
channels. While the major current-decay at the very beginning of the fast healing oxide follows a point-defect type
exponential damping, the HFM mechanism supersedes gradually, the longer the repassivation evolves. Furthermore, the
material seems to reminisce former laser treatments via defects built-in during depassivation, leading to a higher charge
contribution of the PDM mechanism at higher pulse numbers.
Emeline and Jeremiah
Authors: Savage Thomas J.
Published: June 2016

On November 2, 1850, Jeremiah Root published a “Notice” in the Sacramento Transcript offering a reward for the arrest of his wife, Emeline, who had absconded with a younger man, twelve thousand dollars, and their two-year-old daughter, leaving Root and their five sons to fend for themselves at the roadhouse they ran along the American River. When Emeline and their daughter were found three months later on a bark in San Francisco preparing to leave California, Jeremiah met with her and the couple quickly reconciled. Charges were dropped against Emeline and her associates, and Jeremiah and the rest of their family joined her on the ship to travel east. The Transcript editorialized against the apparent tawdry nature of the affair, but a deeper inspection of the history of this forty-niner family reveals in intimate detail how Jeremiah and Emeline's personal struggles emerged from the incredible physical and spiritual turmoil experienced by early Mormon emigrants, who played a seminal role in Gold Rush–era California. Emeline and Jeremiah Root were early converts to Mormonism and arrived in California having survived a twelve-year odyssey that began in Kirtland, Ohio. They were expelled first from Kirtland and then from Nauvoo, Illinois, after the murder of their church leader, Joseph Smith. They persevered through starvation and malnutrition at Winter Quarters on the Missouri River while following Brigham Young to Salt Lake. They struggled with spiritual allegiances as the practice of polygamy and economic inequities became apparent among church leadership, and they ultimately defied Brigham Young by taking the physically demanding overland route from Salt Lake through the Forty-Mile Desert and over the Carson Pass to Gold Rush California in early 1849. Finally, they lived through a tumultuous year on the lower American River, surviving among unruly miners, deadly shootouts over property rights, and a rampant outbreak of cholera. These pressures erupted into a personal crisis when Emeline escaped, escorted by a family friend who was perhaps her lover, taking her only daughter and the family fortune with her. Emeline and Jeremiah's eventual reconciliation and the way Jeremiah ultimately lived out his life revealed them to be people of personal and spiritual integrity who, in this one incident, were overwhelmed by the struggles of the times. Their story illustrates the incredible resiliency of early California pioneers and integrates in vivid detail the physical, spiritual, and emotional challenges facing families in Gold Rush–era California.
Unification and Its Discontents
Authors: Kovalesky Brian
Published: June 2016

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, during the height of protests and actions by civil rights activists around de facto school segregation in the Los Angeles area, the residents of a group of small cities just southeast of the City of Los Angeles fought to break away from the Los Angeles City Schools and create a new, independent school district—one that would help preserve racially segregated schools in the area. The “Four Cities” coalition was comprised of residents of the majority white, working-class cities of Vernon, Maywood, Huntington Park, and Bell—all of which had joined the Los Angeles City Schools in the 1920s and 1930s rather than continue to operate local districts. The coalition later expanded to include residents of the cities of South Gate, Cudahy, and some unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County, although Vernon was eventually excluded. The Four Cities coalition petitioned for the new district in response to a planned merger of the Los Angeles City Schools—until this time comprised of separate elementary and high school districts—into the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD). The coalition's strategy was to utilize a provision of the district unification process that allowed citizens to petition for reconfiguration or redrawing of boundaries. Unification was encouraged by the California State Board of Education and legislature in order to combine the administrative functions of separate primary and secondary school districts—the dominant model up to this time—to better serve the state's rapidly growing population of children and their educational needs, and was being deliberated in communities across the state and throughout Los Angeles County. The debates at the time over school district unification in the Greater Los Angeles area, like the one over the Four Cities proposal, were inextricably tied to larger issues, such as taxation, control of community institutions, the size and role of state and county government, and racial segregation. At the same time that civil rights activists in the area and the state government alike were articulating a vision of public schools that was more inclusive and demanded larger-scale, consolidated administration, the unification process reveals an often-overlooked grassroots activism among residents of the majority white, working-class cities surrounding Los Angeles that put forward a vision of exclusionary, smaller-scale school districts based on notions of local control and what they termed “community identity.”
Spatial control of lipid droplet proteins by the ERAD ubiquitin ligase Doa10
Authors: Ruggiano Annamaria , Mora Gabriel , Buxó Laura , Carvalho Pedro
Published: June 2016

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a central role in the biogenesis of most membrane proteins. Among these are proteins localized to the surface of lipid droplets (LDs), fat storage organelles delimited by a phospholipid monolayer. The LD monolayer is often continuous with the membrane of the ER allowing certain membrane proteins to diffuse between the two organelles. In these connected organelles, how some proteins concentrate specifically at the surface of LDs is not known. Here, we show that the ERAD ubiquitin ligase Doa10 controls the levels of some LD proteins. Their degradation is dependent on the localization to the ER and appears independent of the folding state. Moreover, we show that by degrading the ER pool of these LD proteins, ERAD contributes to restrict their localization to LDs. The signals for LD targeting and Doa10‐mediated degradation overlap, indicating that these are competing events. This spatial control of protein localization is a novel function of ERAD that might contribute to generate functional diversity in a continuous membrane system.
Health-Enabling and Ambient Assistive Technologies: Past, Present, Future
Authors: Wolf K.-H. , Haux R. , Koch S. , Lovell N.H. , Marschollek M. , Nakashima N.
Published: June 2016

Background: During the last decades, health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies became of considerable relevance for new informatics-based forms of diagnosis, prevention, and therapy. Objectives: To describe the state of the art of health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies in 1992 and today, and its evolution over the last 25 years as well as to project where the field is expected to be in the next 25 years. In the context of this review, we define health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies as ambiently used sensor-based information and communication technologies, aiming at contributing to a person’s health and health care as well as to her or his quality of life.

Methods: Systematic review of all original articles with research focus in all volumes of the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics. Surveying authors independently on key projects and visions as well as on their lessons learned in the context of health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies and summarizing their answers. Surveying authors independently on their expectations for the future and summarizing their answers.

Results: IMIA Yearbook papers containing statements on health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies appear first in 2002. These papers form a minor part of published research articles in medical informatics. However, during recent years the number of articles published has increased significantly. Key projects were identified. There was a clear progress on the use of technologies. However proof of diagnostic relevance and therapeutic efficacy remains still limited. Reforming health care processes and focussing more on patient needs are required.

Conclusions: Health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies remain an important field for future health care and for interdisciplinary research. More and more publications assume that a person‘s home and their interaction therein, are becoming important components in health care provision, assessment, and management.
Effect of low doses of estradiol and tamoxifen on breast cancer cell karyotypes
Authors: Rondón-Lagos Milena , Rangel Nelson , Di Cantogno Ludovica Verdun , Annaratone Laura , Castellano Isabella , Russo Rosalia , Manetta Tilde , Marchiò Caterina , Sapino Anna
Published: June 2016

Evidence supports a role of 17&-estradiol (E2) in carcinogenesis and the large majority of breast carcinomas are dependent on estrogen. The anti-estrogen tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used for both treatment and prevention of breast cancer; however, it is also carcinogenic in human uterus and rat liver, highlighting the profound complexity of its actions. The nature of E2- or TAM-induced chromosomal damage has been explored using relatively high concentrations of these agents, and only some numerical aberrations and chromosomal breaks have been analyzed. This study aimed to determine the effects of low doses of E2and TAM (10&8 mol L&1and 10&6 mol L&1respectively) on karyotypes of MCF7, T47D, BT474, and SKBR3 breast cancer cells by comparing the results of conventional karyotyping and multi-FISH painting with cell proliferation. Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (+) cells showed an increase in cell proliferation after E2treatment (MCF7, T47D, and BT474) and a decrease after TAM treatment (MCF7 and T47D), whereas in ER& cells (SKBR3), no alterations in cell proliferation were observed, except for a small increase at 96 h. Karyotypes of both ER+ and ER& breast cancer cells increased in complexity after treatments with E2and TAM leading to specific chromosomal abnormalities, some of which were consistent throughout the treatment duration. This genotoxic effect was higher in HER2+ cells. The ER&/HER2+ SKBR3 cells were found to be sensitive to TAM, exhibiting an increase in chromosomal aberrations. Thesein vitroresults provide insights into the potential role of low doses of E2and TAM in inducing chromosomal rearrangements in breast cancer cells.
miR-1275 inhibits adipogenesis via ELK1 and its expression decreases in obese subjects
Authors: Pang Lingxia , You Lianghui , Ji Chenbo , Shi Chunmei , Chen Ling , Yang Lei , Huang Fangyan , Zhou Yahui , Zhang Jun , Chen Xiaohui , Guo Xirong
Published: June 2016

Excessive adipocyte differentiation and proliferation are closely associated with the onset of obesity, which has been partially linked to microRNA expression. In previous studies, using miRNA microarray screening, we found that miR-1275 was significantly decreased in human mature adipocytes. In this study, we examined the role of miR-1275 in adipogenesis. Our results indicated that miR-1275 can inhibit the differentiation of human visceral preadipocytes without affecting their proliferation. ELK1, an E-twenty-six (ETS)-domain transcription factor associated with adipocyte differentiation, was strongly suppressed by miR-1275 in human visceral adipocytes. This was demonstrated via a dual-luciferase reporter assay and pointed to ELK1 as a direct target of miR-1275. Furthermore, miR-1275 expression was significantly diminished in the visceral adipose tissue of overweight and obese human subjects accompanied by a negative correlation with body mass index. These results suggest that miR-1275 could play a future role in the management of obesity, as a novel therapeutic target or biomarker.
Significado psicológico del concepto investigación en investigadores
Authors: Nieto Súa Dary Lucía , Gómez Velasco Nubia Yaneth , Eslava Stephania
Published: June 2016

Esta investigación se planteó como objetivo establecer el significado psicológico de la “actividad de investigar”, para un grupo de profesionales de las Ciencias Sociales. Se usó la técnica de Redes Semánticas Naturales, versión definida por Valdez (2004), que hace énfasis en el análisis del significado psicológico construido a partir de las vivencias. El instrumento fue aplicado a 46 asistentes de un evento académico en el área de Ciencias Sociales, elegidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Los resultados muestran un total de 220 palabras diferentes asociadas al término investigación (valor J). Los dos términos de mayor peso semántico fueron indagación (106) y búsqueda (101), en contraste con las palabras análisis y disciplina, cuyo peso semántico fue 33. A través de una prueba de independencia entre las variables sociodemográficas y el grupo SAM, se evidenció que no existe relación significativa con el género y la edad.
Perfil de ancianos mediante modelo de los cinco factores de personalidad de (Big Five): revisión sistemática
Authors: Farina Marianne , Fernandes Lopes Regina Maria , De Lima Argimon Irani Iracema
Published: June 2016

En la vejez, las características de personalidad pueden mantenerse estables o pueden variar en función de las experiencias vividas a lo largo del ciclo vital —que requieren un movimiento de adaptación de la persona con esas nuevas circunstancias—. Las características de personalidad difieren de una persona para otra y tienden a ser relativamente estables a lo largo de la vida. Una de las teorías explicativas de la personalidad es el Big Five —cinco grandes factores de personalidad—, que posee evidencias de universalidad y aplicación en diferentes contextos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue elaborar una revisión sistemática de la literatura, a través de la investigación en las principales bases de datos de estudios que abordan la personalidad dentro del modelo de los cinco grandes factores —Big Five— en ancianos, con el objetivo de identificar los aspectos biopsicosociales relacionados a la personalidad del anciano. Fue hecha una búsqueda de artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2014 en bases de datos internacionales: Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science y ProQuest. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias en las características de personalidad con relación al tipo de vivienda, asertividad, calidad de vida, afecto y habilidad de metamemoria. El neuroticismo está asociado a determinados comportamientos relacionados con un funcionamiento más negativo de la persona. Teniendo en cuenta el envejecimiento de la población, los estudios con ancianos se hacen más importantes, sobre todo bajo la mirada de una teoría reconocida y valorizada en el medio científico, Big Five.
Novel Innate Immune Genes Regulating the Macrophage Response to Gram Positive Bacteria
Authors: Alper Scott , Warg Laura A , De Arras Lesly , Flatley Brenna R , Davidson Elizabeth J , Adams Jenni , Smith Keith , Wohlford-Lenane Christine L , McCray Paul B , Pedersen Brent S , Schwartz David A , Yang Ivana V
Published: June 2016

Host variation in Toll-like receptors and other innate immune signaling molecules alters infection susceptibility. However, only a portion of the variability observed in the innate immune response is accounted for by known genes in these pathways. Thus, the identification of additional genes that regulate the response to Gram positive bacteria is warranted. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) from 43 inbred mouse strains were stimulated with lipotechoic acid (LTA), a major component of the Gram positive bacterial cell wall. Concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α were measured. In silico whole genome association (WGA) mapping was performed using cytokine responses followed by network analysis to prioritize candidate genes. To determine which candidate genes could be responsible for regulating the LTA response, candidate genes were inhibited using RNA interference (RNAi) and were overexpressed in RAW264.7 macrophages. BMMs from Bdkrb1-deficient mice were used to assess the effect of Bdkrb1 gene deletion on the response to LTA, heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae, and heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus. WGA mapping identified 117 loci: IL-6 analysis yielded 20 loci (average locus size = 0.133 Mb; 18 genes), IL-12 analysis produced 5 loci (0.201 Mb average; 7 genes), and TNF-α analysis yielded 92 loci (0.464 Mb average; 186 genes of which 46 were prioritized by network analysis). The follow-up small interfering RNA screen of 71 target genes identified four genes (Bdkrb1, Blnk, Fbxo17, and Nkx6-1) whose inhibition resulted in significantly reduced cytokine production following LTA stimulation. Overexpression of these four genes resulted in significantly increased cytokine production in response to LTA. Bdkrb1-deficient macrophages were less responsive to LTA and heat-killed S. aureus, validating the genetic and RNAi approach to identify novel regulators of the response to LTA. We have identified four innate immune response genes that may contribute to Gram positive bacterial susceptibility.
A Genealogical Look at Shared Ancestry on the X Chromosome
Authors: Buffalo Vince , Mount Stephen M , Coop Graham
Published: June 2016

Close relatives can share large segments of their genome identical by descent (IBD) that can be identified in genome-wide polymorphism data sets. There are a range of methods to use these IBD segments to identify relatives and estimate their relationship. These methods have focused on sharing on the autosomes, as they provide a rich source of information about genealogical relationships. We hope to learn additional information about recent ancestry through shared IBD segments on the X chromosome, but currently lack the theoretical framework to use this information fully. Here, we fill this gap by developing probability distributions for the number and length of X chromosome segments shared IBD between an individual and an ancestor k generations back, as well as between half- and full-cousin relationships. Due to the inheritance pattern of the X and the fact that X homologous recombination occurs only in females (outside of the pseudoautosomal regions), the number of females along a genealogical lineage is a key quantity for understanding the number and length of the IBD segments shared among relatives. When inferring relationships among individuals, the number of female ancestors along a genealogical lineage will often be unknown. Therefore, our IBD segment length and number distributions marginalize over this unknown number of recombinational meioses through a distribution of recombinational meioses we derive. By using Bayes’ theorem to invert these distributions, we can estimate the number of female ancestors between two relatives, giving us details about the genealogical relations between individuals not possible with autosomal data alone.
Untangling the Contributions of Sex-Specific Gene Regulation and X-Chromosome Dosage to Sex-Biased Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kramer Maxwell , Rao Prashant , Ercan Sevinc
Published: June 2016

Dosage compensation mechanisms equalize the level of X chromosome expression between sexes. Yet the X chromosome is often enriched for genes exhibiting sex-biased, i.e., imbalanced expression. The relationship between X chromosome dosage compensation and sex-biased gene expression remains largely unexplored. Most studies determine sex-biased gene expression without distinguishing between contributions from X chromosome copy number (dose) and the animal’s sex. Here, we uncoupled X chromosome dose from sex-specific gene regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans to determine the effect of each on X expression. In early embryogenesis, when dosage compensation is not yet fully active, X chromosome dose drives the hermaphrodite-biased expression of many X-linked genes, including several genes that were shown to be responsible for hermaphrodite fate. A similar effect is seen in the C. elegans germline, where X chromosome dose contributes to higher hermaphrodite X expression, suggesting that lack of dosage compensation in the germline may have a role in supporting higher expression of X chromosomal genes with female-biased functions in the gonad. In the soma, dosage compensation effectively balances X expression between the sexes. As a result, somatic sex-biased expression is almost entirely due to sex-specific gene regulation. These results suggest that lack of dosage compensation in different tissues and developmental stages allow X chromosome copy number to contribute to sex-biased gene expression and function.
Apparent Epigenetic Meiotic Double-Strand-Break Disparity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stahl Franklin W , Rehan Maryam Binti Mohamed , Foss Henriette M , Borts Rhona H
Published: June 2016

Previously published, and some unpublished, tetrad data from budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) are analyzed for disparity in gene conversion, in which one allele is more often favored than the other (conversion disparity). One such disparity, characteristic of a bias in the frequencies of meiotic double-strand DNA breaks at the hotspot near the His4 locus, is found in diploids that undergo meiosis soon after their formation, but not in diploids that have been cloned and frozen. Altered meiotic DNA breakability associated with altered metabolism-related chromatin states has been previously reported. However, the above observations imply that such differing parental chromatin states can persist through at least one chromosome replication, and probably more, in a common environment. This conclusion may have implications for interpreting changes in allele frequencies in populations.
Проблеми трансферу технологій в інноваційному менеджменті університету
Authors: Polyakov M.V.
Published: June 2016

Висвітлені проблеми інноваційної діяльності університетів та трансферу техно-логій, окреслені світові тенденції такої діяльності, визначені першочергові завдання для вищих навчальних закладів України та запропоновані заходи щодо реалізації.
Batrachyla taeniata (Girard, 1855): filling the distribution gap and describing a new type of habitat for this species in central Chile
Authors: Puente-Torres Soledad , Simonetti Javier A.
Published: June 2016

We report a new locality for Batrachyla taeniata, which fills a 290 km gap in its geographic distribution. The records add a new type of habitat for B. taeniata, which was recorded in commercial plantations of Pinus radiata.
First record of Lophornis magnificus (Vieillot, 1817) (Aves, Trochilidae) for the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil
Authors: Just João Paulo Gava , Weyermanns Maria Isabel , Zocche Jairo José
Published: June 2016

Lophornis magnificus (Vieillot, 1817) (Aves, Trochilidae) is a hummingbird species endemic to Brazil. Although some maps include the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, within the range of this species, no previous documented records exist. Here, we report six records and material documentation of the occurrence of L. magnificus in Santa Catarina.
Gene Editing: Powerful New Tools for Nephrology Research and Therapy
Authors: Miyagi Ayano , Lu Aiwu , Humphreys Benjamin D.
Published: June 2016

Biologic research is experiencing a transformation brought about by the ability of programmable nucleases to manipulate the genome. In the recently developed CRISPR/Cas system, short RNA sequences guide the endonuclease Cas9 to any location in the genome, causing a DNA double–strand break (DSB). Repair of DSBs allows the introduction of targeted genetic manipulations with high precision. Cas9–mediated gene editing is simple, scalable, and rapid, and it can be applied to virtually any organism. Here, we summarize the development of modern gene editing techniques and the biology of DSB repair on which these techniques are based. We discuss technical points in applying this technology and review its use in model organisms. Finally, we describe prospects for the use of gene editing to treat human genetic diseases. This technology offers tremendous promise for equipping the nephrology research community to better model and ultimately, treat kidney diseases.
Evidencias de actividad glaciar durante el Dryas reciente (12,9-11,7 ka BP) en la Península Ibérica
Authors: García-Ruiz José María , Palacios David , González-Sampériz Penélope , De Andrés Nuria , Moreno Ana , Valero-Garcés Blas , Gómez-Villar Amelia
Published: June 2016

El Dryas Reciente (Younger Dryas) (GS-1, entre 12,9 y 11,7 ka BP) se caracterizó por un marcado descenso de la temperatura a escala global. La consecuencia fue un re avance de los glaciares que afectó también a las cordilleras más importantes de la Península Ibérica. Este trabajo revisa la información disponible sobre la localización, evolución y extensión de tales glaciares. La actividad geomorfológica durante el Dryas Reciente en la Península Ibérica se ha identificado mediante depósitos morrénicos, umbrales rocosos pulidos por el hielo, y glaciares rocosos, datados en la mayor parte de los casos mediante métodos cosmogénicos. Los mejores ejemplos de morrenas del Dryas Reciente se localizan en los Pirineos, donde se desarrollaron cortas lenguas glaciares de hasta 4 km de longitud en los macizos más elevados y numerosos glaciares de circo. También hay evidencias de pequeños glaciares de circo y glaciares rocosos en la Cordillera Cantábrica y en el Sistema Central (sierras de Gredos y Guadarrama), como indican umbrales rocosos y depósitos morrénicos en el frente de circos glaciares. En cambio, en Sierra Nevada, en el extremo meridional de la Península Ibérica, las únicas evidencias del Younger Dryas son glaciares rocosos que se desarrollaron durante el Dryas Antiguo y estuvieron funcionales durante todo el Dryas reciente
Evolución histórica y actual de la línea de costa en la playa de Somo (Cantabria), mediante el empleo de la fotogrametría aérea y escáner láser terrestre.
Authors: De Sanjosé Blasco José Juan , Serrano Cañadas Enrique , Berenguer Sempere Fernando , González Trueba Juan José , Gómez Lende Manuel , González García María , Guerrero Castro Manuel
Published: June 2016

Los trabajos topográficos llevados a cabo en la playa de Somo en el periodo 1988-1993 muestran ligeros cambios en la línea de costa. Para constatar estos cambios se ha estudiado el periodo 2001-2010 mediante fotogrametría, y desde el año 2011 se realizan dos mediciones anuales con láser escáner terrestre (TLS). Para este estudio, se ha seleccionado una porción de 400 metros en la playa de Somo, por coincidir con las mediciones del periodo 1988-1993. La aplicación de instrumentación geomática (GPS, estación total, TLS) y fotogrametría aérea ha permitido establecer dos grupos de periodos con comportamientos netamente diferentes. Un grupo donde no hay casi retroceso de la línea de costa arenosa: 1988-1993, 2001-2013, y otro grupo de retroceso acentuado: 1994-2000 y 2014. Este último año coincidieron temporales de grandes olas (mayores a 5 m) y mareas vivas que provocaron retrocesos de mayor rango en la línea de costa.
Cambios geomorfológicos y evolución de una barra de arena en la desembocadura del río Lea, Lekeitio-Mendexa (Bizkaia)
Authors: González Amuchastegui María José , Ibisate González de Matauco Askoa , Rico Lozano Ibai , Sánchez Fernández Manuel , Sanjosé Blasco José Juan
Published: June 2016

Se presenta el seguimiento de los cambios morfológicos de una barra de arena en la playa de Karraspio (Mendexa, Bizkaia) formada como consecuencia de la rotura de un dique construido en el siglo XIX para proteger el puerto de Lekeitio (Bizkaia) de los continuos aportes sedimentarios transportados por el río Lea. El intenso oleaje y los temporales rompieron el malecón, permitiendo al río retomar su antigua desembocadura. Mediante el empleo de un láser escáner terrestre (TLS) se han analizado los cambios morfológicos experimentados por la barra de arena. El seguimiento se realizó durante cuatro campañas entre octubre de 2012 y octubre de 2014; durante la primavera y verano de 2015 los trabajos de restauración del malecón de Lazunarri implicaron el retorno a las condiciones previas a la rotura.