bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation Of Network Access Restrictions Using Mac Address Filtering On Microtik To Improve Network Security
Authors: Suhadin Suhadin
Published: April 2022

Freedom in the use of the internet network needs to be implemented in a security system in order to keep the hotspot / wifi facilities used by responsible users. Ibnu khaldun Vocational School 1 is a state school that has many study programs, one of which is Computer and Network Engineering. The problem that occurs in the Vocational High School Ibnu Khaldun is the absence of restrictions on internet network access in the use of internet networks at schools so that students, teachers, and school staff are free to use hotspot / wifi facilities, in terms of WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) network security. The purpose of this study is to evaluate internet network security using Mac Address Filtering which is implemented at SMK Ibnu Khaldun by registering Mac Address clients on the Access List menu to obtain access permissions in an effort to improve network security. The research approach used in this research is the quantitative approach. The result of this research is that after the Wilcoxcon test, the value of Asymp.Sig is obtained. (2-tailed) of 0.000 which indicates that the value of Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05 then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So the results of the evaluation of internet network access restrictions using MAC Address Filtering to improve network security are accepted
Urgency Of Love Education "Reading Of The Hadith Banning Adultery" (The Story Of The Dialogue Between The Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) And A Young Man)
Authors: Kusnan Kusnan
Published: April 2022

Adultery is a great sin after the shirk of Allah Swt. Adultery in addition to being threatened with severe punishment and other punishments in the realm of barzah and mahsyar, will also have a very negative impact on community life.  The article, which is excerpted from the reading and analysis of the prohibition of adultery, in which there is a dialogical between the Prophet Muhammad and a young man, aims to inform the reader that how urgent the model of education based on love. Love education with several derivative models such as education: tenderness, familiarity, mutual respect between teachers and students.
The method taken in the writing is the study of literature, considering articles about hadith, then the author looks for references, scientific books that are in accordance with the topic of discussion. Next look for interpretive books, especially those that interpret the content of the hadith banning adultery. Dai sources, quotations, as well as scientific books, are further analyzed well step by step.
The results of the analysis of the reading of the hadith prohibition of adultery can be explained: The Prophet gave nasihat with tenderness, full of empathy, love and intimacy. The dialogue between the prophet and the young man who asked for adultery was warm, fluid, in contrast to when the young man was near (among) the companions. This phenomenon also implies the basic essence of education for mankind.
From the results of the dialogue, finally the young man who used to have a very high sexual libido and always wanted to commit adultery, realized himself full of awareness and sincerely left adultery, condemned adultery and did not want to glance at it. Completely.
The analysis of the reading of the hadith banning adultery, inspires us how sharp and successfully the prophet provided love education with very optimal results. Evidently the young man who was sexually very high and wanted adultery, turned one hundred and eighty degrees, sincerely renounced adultery
The Analysis Of Business Ethics In The Management Of Private College
Authors: Kamaludin Kamaludin
Published: April 2022

This research aims to determine and examine how the application of business ethics in the management of private college. This research belongs to a qualitative study based on the type of data and the analysis. Research focus is business ethics, the source of the data is primary data and secondary data. The techniques of collecting data is using interviews, library research and observation. Meanwhile the instrument of the research is the researcher himself. The result of this research is hypothesized that private universities have not applied business ethics in their management, it can be found through the high study cost to the students because they are regarded as the commodity. Private college that should make the balance of the business mission, social mission, and religious mission. There is a new perspective through the opened management of using funds, students or the community will conclude that the study cost of private university is not high or expensive but measurable
Shepherd 's Role In Stewardship Church During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Salmon Ephraim Ngesthi Yonathan , Ming David
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

church moment this in difficult times for could do all service , result from a pandemic that is still in progress this .

Objectives:

Shepherd have Fright to pandemic However shepherd is also in the call must keep going serve .

Methods:

Through method study qualitative descriptive could concluded that shepherd could do with equip and understand about c stewardship according to Bible

Results:

next in service bring Among connection Church and Stewardship as base in actualize so that bring The duties and roles of the Shepherd Hearing in Stewardship nice church _ this addressed in Stewardship During the COVID-19 Pandemic . Although there is an epidemic problem disease this no can stop shepherd in doing service stewardship church , because church must keep going capable adapt yourself and survive in dependency to God , so church could do various appropriate way _ with rule of the protocol program health the government should obeyed by strict

Conclusion:

With so could concluded that Shepherd 's Role in stewardship The Church during the Covid-19 Pandemic can conducted with equip and understand about c stewardship according to Bible
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Pandemi Covid 19 Terhadap Bentuk Partisipasi Masyarakat
Authors: Anak Agung Sagung Alit Widyastuti  , Mardiana Deska Eka
Published: April 2022

Upaya pemerintah kota Surabaya dalam pengendalian penyebaran virus Covid-19 perlahan membuahkan hasil yang signifikan. Keberhasilan ini berkat usaha satuan tugas Covid-19 yang selalu menekankan penerapan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penyebaran virus Covid-19 dan juga partisipasi masyarakt. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang virus Covid-19 terhadap bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam mensukseskan progam pemerintah dalam pengendalian penyebaran virus Covid-19. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis Deskriptif statistic dengan teknik crosstab Chi Square. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuisioner kepada masyarakat di Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal perihal penyebaran Virus Covid-19 dan Bentuk partisipasi yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat dalam usaha mencegah penyebaran virus Covid-19. Hasil crosstab pearson chi Square hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan bentuk partisipasi masyarakat adalah kurang dari 0.05 adalah ada hubungan antara ilmu pengetahuan tentang virus Covid-19 dengan bentuk partisipasi masyarakat terutama bentuk partisipasinya adalah partisipasi secara buah pikiran (ide) dan sosial. Hasil analisis dengan nilai crosstab pearson chi Square lebih dari 0.05 adalah tidak ada hubungan antara ilmu pengetahuan dengan bentuk partisipasi mayarakat terutama dalam bentuk partisipasi tenaga, keterampilan dan harta benda.
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Fasilitas Di Alun-Alun Kota Batu Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahma Pamela Dinar , Andy Kristafi Arifianto  , Rosiana Taung
Published: April 2022

Kota Batu adalah salah satu kota wisata di Indonesia yang paling terkena dampak covid 19, yaitu dilihat dari penurunan jumlah wisatawan. Berdasarkan peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Batu, Pemkot Batu menutup semua tempat wisata dan hiburan demi mencegah penyebaran virus Covid-19. Pada masa transisi yaitu new normal, tempat-tempat wisata di Kota Batu mulai dibuka dengan beberapa aturan yang harus diterapkan terkait protokol Kesehatan. Pengunjung yang datang ke taman ini tentu memiliki persepsi dan preferensi masing-masing terkait dengan fasilitas yang telah disediakan pemeritah pada masa pandemi Covid-19, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai kepuasan pengunjung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kondisi fisik fasilitas Alun-alun Kota Batu, mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pengunjung di Alun-alun Kota Batu, dan memberikan solusi dan alternatif untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pengunjung di Alun-alun Kota Batu. Hasil analisis yang didapatkan diketahui kondisi fisik fasilitas alun-alun Batu sangat baik namun perlu penambahan beberapa fasilitas agar nantinya pengunjung merasa puas saat berkunjung. Berdasarkan analisa fasilitas di atas dapat kebanyakan pengunjung mengatakan sangat penting dan sangat puas dengan berbagai fasilitas yang ada hanya saja masih terdapat beberapa pengunjung yang masih mengatakan puas dari berdasarkan kategori kepuasan diantaranya fasilitas bermain anak, fasilitas temat santai, fasilitas jogging track serta daya tarik dan keindahan Alun-alun Batu.
Clustering Dan Visualisasi Bentuk Kota Di Jawa Timur
Authors: Afrianto Firman , Hariyanto Annisa Dira
Published: April 2022

Morfologi kota yang pada awalnya didasarkan pada ilmu geografi merupakan studi yang mempelajari tentang bentuk kota. Bentuk kota dihasilkan dari proses yang panjang dengan adanya campur tangan manusia. Perkembangan kota yang terus menerus tanpa adanya pengendalian akan mengakibatkan munculnya bentuk kota yang tidak beraturan, tidak kompak dan memiliki orientasi yang tidak jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk kota serta clustering bentuk-bentuk kota di Jawa Timur berbasis jaringan jalan sebagai sistem pelengkap utamanya. Identifikasi bentuk kota ditinjau dari tiga aspek meliputi compactness, sprawl dan orientation. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Kota Batu mengalami urban sprawl paling tinggi dan Kota Blitar mengalami urban sprawl paling rendah. Hasil perhitungan Nearest Neighbor Index menunjukkan Kota Batu memiliki bentuk kekompakan kota yang paling rendah dan Kota Mojokerto memiliki bentuk kekompakan kota yang paling tinggi. Hasil perhitungan Z Score menunjukkan Kota Surabaya memiliki bentuk penyebaran kota yang paling rendah dan Perkotaan Magetan memiliki bentuk penyebaran kota yang paling tinggi. Nilai dari t-SNE menunjukkan empat klaster bentuk kota dengan tiga variabel memiliki korelasi yang kuat.
ANALISIS POTENSI BENTUK DAN TINGKAT PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT PANTI AMAL, KOTA TARAKAN, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Tulus Ratika , Rahina Bergaz
Published: April 2022

Community Based Tourism (CBT) atau pariwisata berbasis masyarakat adalah suatu konsep pengembangan wisata dimana masyarakat atau warga setempat berperan penting sebagai produsen pariwisata dan sebagai pelaku utama dalam pengambilan keputusan serta memberi manfaat untuk kehidupan dan lingkungan mereka. Pantai Amal merupakan salah satu tempat wisata pantai yang terdapat di Kota Tarakan selain Pantai Binalatung. Kondisi Pantai  Amal masih banyak kekurangan seperti pengelolaan Pantai Amal yang belum optimal meliputi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat yang minim karena kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam mengelola wisata, infrastruktur yang masih belum lengkap dari segi prasarana dan sarana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat yang ada di Pantai Amal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara kepada 2 informan melalui Teknik purposive sampling, observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Analisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat di Pantai Amal masih minim, dimana kesadaran masyarakat yang masih kurang terhadap pariwisata, kurangnya aspirasi masyarakat serta perlunya pengoptimalan pemberdayaan masyarakat di Pantai Amal di karenakan Pantai amal memiliki potensi menjadi wisata unggulan karena memilki lahan yang luat sehingga dapat menambah atraksi untuk menjadi daya tarik wisatawan.
A case of Transvaginal NOTES (vNOTES) hysterectomy. Multidisciplinary minimal invasive approach for all aspects
Authors: Uysal Gülçin Çetin , Bektur Şeniz
Published: April 2022

Umbilical single-port surgeries developed with advanced technological equipment like flexıble optics and reticulated graspers. Single-port surgeries decreased skin incision and multiple port-site pain concerns.
Case: In this study, a 74-years-old, postmenopausal female had P2G2 descensus uteri, subtotal uterine prolapse. Complaints were about vaginal mass disturbing life quality associated with bladder incontinence. vNOTES Hysterectomy performed. Case: vNOTES Hysterectomy was performed and spinal anaesthesia was used as a regional anaesthesia (RA) for the procedure. vNOTES allow for safe surgery for ovarian and adnexal structures and visual exploration in the abdominal cavity.
Conclusion: vNOTES Hysterectomy allows safe surgery, especially for elderyl and uterine prolapse cases.
Medical providers should return the medical data ownership to the patient – a blockchain ledger solution. Opinion.
Authors: Rosenberg Nahum , Rosenberg Ella
Published: April 2022

Objective: Patients who paid for data generation, either privately or by public insurance or taxation systems, don't keep and don't have easy access to their health records. Furthermore, centralized databases that govern Big Data of health records are vulnerable to hostile breaches. Therefore, the current practice of medical data accumulation and sharing can potentially interfere with the fundamental personal rights of ownership, even endanger patients' health on one side, and provide uncompensated profit to third parties.
Material and Methods: The technical solution to this inherent problem might be storing personal medical data on the blockchain platform.
Conclusion: This method can decentralize the data accumulation, provide a high level of security of the collected data, and immutability of the stored data.
Coinfecção de Giardia sp. e Cyniclomyces guttulatus em Cão – Relato de Caso
Authors: Pena Renata Henriques Ragi , Oliveira Rafael Rocha de , Raia Vanessa de Almeida , Vieira Thais Badini , Castro Bruno Gomes de
Published: April 2022

As gastroenterites são bastante frequentes na clínica médica de pequenos animais e podem estar relacionadas a traumas ou a infecção bacteriana, viral, parasitária e fúngica. Nesse contexto, foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso um cão de 8 anos com histórico de hematoquesia há dois dias, vômito e anorexia. Assim, uma amostra de fezes foi coletada e encaminhada ao Laboratório de Diagnóstico em Sanidade Animal onde foi submetida à Técnica de Sheather Modificada, sendo confirmada coinfecção por Giardia sp. e Cyniclomyces guttulatus. Apesar do tutor não ter seguido todo o protocolo medicamentoso instituído pelo médico veterinário, o animal apresentou melhora dos sintomas clínicos, confirmando o caráter oportunista de ambos os agentes.
Inserção de auriculoterapia no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros na atenção básica: potencialidades e fragilidades
Authors: Cheffer Maycon Hoffmann , Ballem Julia Kemper , Bernardis Tayane Beatris , Zanella Renata , Campos Terezinha Aparecida , Oliveira Rafaela Bramatti Silva Razini , Busetti Ityara Cristina
Published: April 2022

A auriculoterapia é uma técnica que possibilita a estimulação de pontos no pavilhão auricular, com fundamentos na alternativa. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo compreender de que forma ocorre a aplicação da auriculoterapia por enfermeiros em unidades de saúde da atenção primária em um município da região Oeste do Paraná. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa interpretada a partir da análise de conteúdo. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de março a setembro de 2021. A análise de conteúdo revelou cinco categorias: Processo preparatório: Teórico e prático para aplicação da auriculoterapia; Realização da auriculoterapia na prática; Tratamento e conhecimento sobre a técnica antes do curso; Divulgação da aplicação da auriculoterapia e sintomas tratados; e Dificuldades para a aplicação. Há uma versatilidade das possibilidades de tratamento com a auriculoterapia para diversas doenças e queixas dos pacientes, no entanto, os enfermeiros encontram dificuldades na aplicação da auriculoterapia devido à falta de aquisição de materiais necessários para aplicação da auriculoterapia no Sistema Único de Saúde.
Ocorrências registradas pela Polícia Militar de Meio Ambiente em uma região do Centro-oeste de Minas Gerais - Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Alessa Fernanda de O. , Fonseca Alysson Rodrigo , Silva Flávio Borges , Souza Fabrízio Furtado de
Published: April 2022

Os dados disponíveis sobre crimes ambientais registrados em uma determinada região são primordiais para o entendimento da dinâmica da ação do homem sobre o meio, podendo direcionar políticas públicas e, ainda, fornecer ferramentas para o planejamento e definição de estratégias nas tomadas de decisões, como prevenção, combate e fiscalização de crimes e infrações ambientais. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as ocorrências ambientais registradas nos 15 municípios atendidos pelo 1º Pelotão da 7º Companhia de Polícia Militar de Meio ambiente de Minas Gerais, a fim de apresentar aos órgãos de fiscalização e à sociedade um panorama da ocorrência de crimes ambientais da região. A metodologia consta de estudo com dados secundários em banco de dados da Polícia Militar, através da análise das ocorrências ambientais registradas nos 15 municípios, entre os anos de 2016 a 2018. Os dados foram organizados em planilhas utilizando-se o aplicativo Microsoft Excel® e analisados através de estatística descritiva. Nos três anos avaliados, os resultados mostraram a maior incidência de fiscalizações ambientais para crimes contra flora (62,3%), seguido por crimes contra fauna (17,87%), Atividades Potencialmente Poluidoras – ATPP (15,89%) e pesca (3,94%). No mesmo período foram registrados foram registrados 346 autos de infração contra flora (36,08%), seguidos de 341 para ATPP (35,56%), 163 contra fauna (17%) e 109 para pesca (11,36%). Quanto aos equipamentos apreendidos, a maior porcentagem foi para gaiolas (65,33%), seguidos de redes (23,87%), alçapões (5,36%), tarrafas (3,85%) e armas de fogo (1,59%). No período estudado, um total de 1.482 espécimes foram apreendidos ou recolhidos na área do 1º Pelotão da Polícia Militar de Meio Ambiente. As aves foram as espécies predominantes com 91,3% do total, seguidos de mamíferos com 6,68% e répteis com 2,02%. Dentre os principais animais apreendidos/recolhidos, a ordem Passeriformes e Psittaciformes corresponderam, respectivamente a 67,69% e 26,87% do total, destacando-se espécies como o trinca-ferro Saltator similis e os papa-capins Sporophila spp. Os resultados obtidos propiciam uma melhor compreensão da problemática ambiental na região centro-oeste e ainda, evidencia o relevante papel desempenhado pela Polícia Militar de Meio Ambiente.
Thou Shalt Not Electioneer: Religious Nonprofit Political Activity and the Threat “God PACs” Pose to Democracy and Religion
Authors: Backer Jonathan
Published: April 2022

The Supreme Court’s 2010 decision in Citizens United v. FEC invalidated a longstanding restriction on corporate and union campaign spending in federal elections, freeing entities with diverse political goals to spend unlimited amounts supporting candidates for federal office. Houses of worship and other religious nonprofits, however, remain strictly prohibited from engaging in partisan political activity as a condition of tax-exempt status under Internal Revenue Code § 501(c)(3). Absent this “electioneering prohibition,” religious nonprofits would be very attractive vehicles for political activity. These 501(c)(3) organizations can attract donors with the incentive of tax deductions for contributions. Moreover, houses of worship need not file with a government agency to begin operating and deriving tax benefits, and the IRS has shown reluctance to aggressively audit their activities. Two circuits have previously upheld the electioneering prohibition against legal challenges, but recent jurisprudential shifts expose the tax code provision to challenge under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA), which directs courts to apply strict scrutiny to facially neutral laws that substantially burden the free exercise of religion. First, Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. greatly reduced the barriers to successful RFRA claims. Second, by lifting restrictions on political speech for many other types of organizations, Citizens United magnified the burden the electioneering prohibition imposes on religious organizations. The decision also rejected compelling state interests that might have previously shielded the law from invalidation. This Note is the first analysis of the electioneering prohibition’s vulnerability in this new legal climate. Despite these significant developments, this Note ultimately concludes that the electioneering prohibition can survive RFRA challenges because the prospect for widespread use of religious organizations as conduits for political activity undermines the values reflected in Establishment Clause jurisprudence.
Controlling Presidential Control
Authors: Watts Kathryn
Published: April 2022

Presidents Reagan and Clinton laid the foundation for strong presidential control over the administrative state, institutionalizing White House review of agency regulations. Presidential control, however, did not stop there. To the contrary, it has evolved and deepened during the presidencies of George W. Bush and Barack Obama. Indeed, President Obama’s efforts to control agency action have dominated the headlines in recent months, touching on everything from immigration to drones to net neutrality. Despite the entrenchment of presidential control over the modern regulatory state, administrative law has yet to adapt. To date, the most pervasive response both inside and outside the courts has been a reflexive form of “expertise forcing,” which simplistically views presidential influence as “bad” and technocratic decisionmaking as “good.” In narrowly focusing on the negative aspects of presidential control, expertise forcing overlooks key benefits that flow from presidential control—namely, political accountability and regulatory coherence. It also ignores the fact that presidential control is here to stay. A more realistic and nuanced response to presidential control is needed. After examining three different case studies and discussing the inadequacies of expertise forcing, this Article provides a roadmap for how a wide range of nonconstitutional administrative law doctrines could be coordinated to enhance the positive attributes and restrain the negative attributes of presidential control. The Article gives attention to doctrinal tools, such as judicial review doctrines and notice-and-comment procedures, falling into three general categories: statutorily facing rules; transparency-enhancing mechanisms; and process-forcing rules. If used in a coordinated fashion, doctrinal tools falling into each of these three categories provide a powerful and much-needed framework for responding to the new realities of presidential control and ultimately controlling— without unnecessarily constraining—presidential control.
Underbanked: Cooperative Banking as a Potential Solution to the Marijuana-Banking Problem
Authors: Tighe Patrick
Published: April 2022

Numerous states have recently legalized recreational marijuana, which has created a burgeoning marijuana industry needing and demanding access to a variety of banking and financial services. Due, however, to the interplay between the federal criminalization of marijuana and federal anti-money laundering laws, U.S. financial institutions cannot handle legally the proceeds from marijuana activity. As a result, most financial institutions are unwilling to flout federal anti-money laundering laws, and so too few marijuana-related businesses can access banking services. This Note argues that the most viable policy option for resolving this “underbanking” problem is a financial cooperative approach such as a cannabis-only financial cooperative. Even in light of federal anti-money laundering laws, this Note contends that the Federal Reserve is legally authorized to grant some cannabis-only financial cooperatives access to its payment system services under the Monetary Control Act of 1980.
On Black South Africans, Black Americans, and Black West Indians: Some Thoughts on We Want What’s Ours
Authors: Brown Eleanor
Published: April 2022

Most modern constitutions have eminent domain provisions that mandate just compensation for forced deprivations of land and require such deprivations to be for a public use or public purpose. The Takings Clause is a classic example of such a provision. The takings literature is essentially focused on outlining the outer boundaries within which the state can take property from an owner. But there are other takings that have been deemed “extraordinary”; in such circumstances, the state takes away property without just compensation and simultaneously makes a point about a person or a group’s standing in the community of citizens.
Black-Box Immigration Federalism
Authors: Rubenstein David
Published: April 2022

In Immigration Outside the Law, Hiroshi Motomura confronts the three hardest questions in immigration today: what to do about our undocumented population, who should decide, and by what legal process. Motomura’s treatment is characteristically visionary, analytically rich, and eminently fair to competing views. The book’s intellectual arc begins with its title: “Immigration Outside the Law.” As the narrative unfolds, however, Motomura explains that undocumented immigrants are “Americans in waiting,” with moral and legal claims to societal integration.
Productivity and Affinity in the Age of Dignity
Authors: Lee Stephen
Published: April 2022

This Review proceeds as follows. Part I summarizes The Age of Dignity. Part II explains how this segment of immigrant workers challenges the productivity/affinity binary that dominates immigration law’s formal migration rules. Part III shows how this binary sets up dual migration streams, both of which could account for future flows of care workers. As Part III shows, the example of the eldercare industry nicely illustrates how the employment based and family-based migration systems simply represent two different ways of filling labor needs. I then conclude.
What Is Criminal Law About?
Authors: Binder Guyora , Weisberg Robert
Published: April 2022

In “The Changing Market for Criminal Casebooks,” Jens David Ohlin offers an appreciative, but nevertheless critical review of established criminal law casebooks. He then introduces his own offering by describing “a vision for a new casebook” that will better serve the needs and wants of contemporary students. Ohlin begins with the arresting claim that criminal law professors are passionate about their subject because they are fascinated by human depravity. Then, throughout his essay, he stresses efficient, consumer-focused delivery of doctrinal instruction as the defining task of a successful casebook. Moreover, he argues, casebooks should devote less attention to academic theories and articles, to normative questions about what the law should be, or even to interpretive questions about what the law is. Prevailing rules should be quickly summarized by the editor, so that students can focus on learning the skill of applying these rules to challenging fact situations. While Ohlin raises important issues of pedagogical method, his own announced pedagogical method would translate criminal law into technical training in pragmatic lawyerly skills. As a result, he offers readers something less than a “vision” of what criminal law is about, why it is worth learning, and what a criminal law casebook should teach. In this Response, we address these unanswered questions, identifying those issues of justice and politics that we believe make criminal law interesting and important. Further, we argue that even if doctrinal instruction is the goal, achieving it requires consideration of political philosophy, legal and intellectual history, and empirical research. Moreover, we argue that the indeterminacy of doctrine on some fundamental questions means that criminal lawyers often cannot avoid invoking normative theory in fashioning legal arguments. The discretion accorded many actors in the criminal justice system means that fundamental questions of justice are also highly practical questions. Finally, we argue that the high stakes of criminal law and its contingency on democratic politics make criminal law teaching as much a matter of civic education as of technical education.
MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY AFTER ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: THE RESULTS OF THE UKRAINIAN STIMUL REGISTRY
Authors: Korol Svitlana , Wsół Agnieszka , Puchalska Liana , Reshetnik Alexander
Published: April 2022

The aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the adherence to medications prior and within a two-year period after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to estimate its impact on the average lifespan of patients after STEMI.
Materials and methods: 1,103 patients with STEMI were enrolled in the prospective Ukrainian STIMUL registry with 24-month follow-up. The relationship between adherence to medical treatment and average lifespan was evaluated.
Results: The majority of prior STEMI patients were characterized with high and very high cardiovascular risk. The rate of revascularization was 29.9% (21.5% pPCI, 8.4% fibrinolytic therapy). The main reason for the low level of pPCI was late hospitalization and the inaccessibility of pPCI. This contributed greatly to in-hospital mortality (11.3%). Adherence to all medications progressively decreased (p < 0.001) within 24 months after STEMI. Permanent use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and statins during the two-year follow-up was associated with 7.0% of the mortalities, whereas non-adherence to medications was related to a 15% risk of death (OR 4.2; 95% CI 0.2–0.9; p < 0.05). The average life expectancy with regular use of ASA and statins within 24 months after STEMI was 62.3 ± 1.1 years (95% CI 60.1–64.4; p < 0.05) and 61.2 ± 0.9 years with non-regular use of ASA and statins (95% CI 59.4–62.9; p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Adherence to evidence-based medicines was low in the STIMUL population both prior and after STEMI. This worsened cardiovascular prognosis and reduced average lifespan by one year within the following two years after STEMI.
PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKINS 1Β, 2, 4, 10 AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Sarafaniuk Natalia , Klymenko Mykola
Published: April 2022

The aim: The aim of this study was to determine the content of interleukins (IL) 1β, 2, 4, and 10, as well as the generally accepted marker of inflammation - C-reactive protein (CRP) - in the peripheral blood on the first and tenth days of ischemic stroke (IS).
Materials and methods: The study involved 25 patients with IS (including 8 people with mild case of neurological disorders, 9 – moderate case and 8 – severe case) and 14 people of the control group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 in the blood were determined by the immunoenzyme method.
Results: It was found that on the first day in patients with IS an increase in the concentration of CRP and all the studied cytokines, especially pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-2, is marked. On the tenth day, the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines and CRP significantly decreases compared to the first day, but remains higher than in the control, but the concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) continues to increase.
Conclusions: The results obtained on the first day of IS indicate the development of neuroinflammation. On the tenth day the severity of the inflammatory process is significantly reduced, but it still occurs. It was also shown that the outcome of IS depends on the concentration of cytokines in the blood: the higher the level of pro-inflammatory interleukins on the first day, the lower the content of anti-inflammatory interleukins and the higher the amount of pro-inflammatory interleukins on the tenth day, the more pronounced the neurological deficit.
USING THE POSITIVE REAPPRAISAL COPING INTERVENTION TO CHANGE STUDENTS APPRAISAL AND ATTITUDES TOWARD NURSING
Authors: Jaafar Jaafar Sadiq , AL-Hadrawi Hayder H.
Published: April 2022

The aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of positive reappraisal intervention model in changing nursing students’ attitudes toward nursing profession.
Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental study design (one group pretest-posttest) to achieve the study objectives.The emotional regulation questionnaire (ERQ-10) and the students’ attitudes scale were used pre and post applying the positive reappraisal intervention in a random sample of 165 undergraduate nursing students, male and female, in their sophomore level to senior level. The process of collecting student’s data took place in July 2020 – February, 2021.
Results: A statically significant difference in students’ appraisal (t = -26.320, p < .0005) and their attitudes towards nursing (t = -15.460, p < .0001) were registered after applying (compared to the results before) the positive reappraisal intervention.
Conclusions: The positive reappraisal coping intervention is proved as an easy model to apply and is highly effective in terms of changing students’ cognitive appraisal, which in turns changes their attitudes toward nursing. This assumption is concluded, basing on the significant increase in the level of appraisal and attitudes of nursing students after applying the intervention model; their levels are increased to about (96%) positive appraisal and about (94%) positive attitude level.
EFFECT OF IMUNOFAN INFLUENCE ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE TESTES, HORMONAL AND CYTOKINE PROFILE OF IMMATURE EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Authors: Zakharov Alexey A. , Kashchenko Svetlana A. , Bobrysheva Inessa V. , Semenchuk Sergey N.
Published: April 2022

The aim: It was the establishing the features of changes in the structure of the testes of experimental animals, as well as immunological, hormonal and cytokine parameters of blood plasma during stimulation.
Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 60 white male immature rats. Imunofan was used at a dosage of 50 μg. The organs were weighed, the relative mass was calculated, and the linear dimensions were determined. The morphometriv parameters of the epitheliospermatogenic layer were measured. The number of supporting cells and interstitial endocrinocytes was counted, as well as the volume of cell nuclei. The level of reproductive hormones in the plasma and the concentration of cytokines were determined.
Results: The results obtained indicate the development of readaptation processes in the testes after the use of the Imunofan against the background of environmental immunosuppression. The ability of the drug to stimulate the production of cytokines and hormones normalizes the function of immunocompetent cells, which is manifested in the stabilization of the immune homeostasis of the testes.
Conclusions: In response to the immunostimulating effect of Imunofan, a pronounced reaction is observed on the part of the testes of immature animals, which is due to the sensitivity of morphogenetic processes in the organ to external influences and the formation of mechanisms of their regulation, characteristic of this period of ontogenesis.
FINANCING HEALTH CARE FROM LOCAL BUDGETS OF UKRAINE AND THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND
Authors: Stryzhak Yevhenii , Saraskina Tetiana , Minchenko Andrii , Stryzhak Iia
Published: April 2022

The aim: This article aims to show the role of local budgets in financing health care in communities, and to initiate a discussion on the possibility of expanding powers of local government bodies in the sphere of health care.
Materials and methods: This study is based on the normative acts of the Republic of Poland and Ukraine, conclusions, reports of the Regional Chambers of Audit (Regionalnych Izb Obrachunkowych) in the Republic of Poland, OECD Indicators and budget gminas. Dialectical, comparative, analytical methods and the method of system analysis were used.
Conclusions: Health care is among own tasks of gminas. Special legislation in the sphere of health care clarifies and narrows the tasks of gminas to monitoring and assessing public health, as well as to development, implementation and evaluation of special policy programs in the sphere of health care, according to identified needs of community residents and projects aimed at informing people about factors harmful to health and about their consequences. These programs can be financed from the budgets of gminas. This approach reduces and limits potential of local governments in the health care sector. Only in the event of an emergency gminas have the right to assign additional tasks to a medical entity and to finance these tasks from their own budget. In order to improve the quality and clarity of legislation own tasks of gminas in the sphere of health care (point 5, Part 1 Art. 7 of the Law of the Republic of Poland dated 8 March, 1990 “On municipal Government”) should be specified taking into account point 1 Art. 2 of the Law of the Republic of Poland dated 11 September, 2015 “On Health Care”.
PLACENTAL MOSAICISM: COMPLETE DISCORDANCE BETWEEN THE PLACENTA AND THE FETUS. CLINICAL CASE RECORD
Authors: Mykytenko Dmytro O. , Tomiak Mariia V. , Fesai Olga A. , Sadovska Mariia S. , Mykytenko Nataliia M.
Published: April 2022

NIPT with the analysis of all chromosomes for aneuploidy screening. Chromosomal microarray 750K, routine karyotyping and Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used for the analysis of the clinical situation Sonographic fetal abnormalities were accompanied by the placental mosaicism (trisomy 16), fetal partial uniparental disomy of the short arm of chromosome 16. NIPT with the analysis of all chromosomes is a powerful tool to identify placental mosaicism, which in turn can manifest itself as nonspecific abnormalities in biochemical markers, placental dysfunction, growth retardation, fetal malformations, preterm birth, etc. If placental mosaicism is suspected, the optimal clinical strategy is to perform amniocentesis and placentocentesis simultaneously with a complete genetic examination of the obtained material
PENINGKATAN STATUS HUKUM KESEPAKATAN PERDAMAIAN OLEH MEDIATOR DI LUAR PENGADILAN MENJADI AKTA PERDAMAIAN
Authors: Mulyana Dedy
Published: April 2022

Keberhasilan penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan melalui mediasi sangat ditentukan oleh Mediator dibuktikan dengan dibuatnya Kesepakatan Perdamaian diantara para pihak, namun ternyata kedudukannya berbeda dengan Akta Perdamaian yang dihasilkan melalui mediasi yang dilaksanakan di dalam pengadilan. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian dan analisa hukum agar mengetahui landasan hukum terjadinya perbedaan status hukum antara Kesepakatan Perdamaian dengan Akta Perdamaian, sekaligus untuk menemukan solusi agar status hukum dari kedua produk perdamaian itu memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama, yakni berkekuatan hukum tetap. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, yakni berdasarkan kajian terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status hukum Kesepakatan Perdamaian memiliki kedudukan yang sama seperti perjanjian perdamaian pada umumnya. Akibat yang timbul, apabila salah satu pihak mengingkari kesepakatan, maka pihak lain dapat mengajukan upaya hukum melalui gugatan ke pengadilan, sedangkan, status Akta Perdamaian telah memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sempurna, artinya apabila ada pihak yang mengingkari maka pihak lain yang dirugikan tinggal melakukan permohonan eksekusi ke pengadilan. Berdasarkan ketentuan hukum dalam UU No. 30 Tahun 1999 dan Perma No. 1 Tahun 2016 terdapat upaya hukum agar Kesepakatan Perdamaian dapat ditingkatkan status hukumnya menjadi Akta Peramaian melalui gugatan, sedangkan dalam praktek peningkatan status hukum tersebut dapat dilakukan melalui metode hybrid Arb-Med.
PEMBUBARAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS YANG DIAJUKAN OLEH PEMEGANG SAHAM YANG MEMILIKI PERSENTASE SAHAM BERIMBANG MELALUI PENETAPAN PENGADILAN
Authors: Devianti Vinie Rachmadiena , Suryanti Nyulistiowati , Afriana Anita
Published: April 2022

Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas mengatur bahwa perseroan terbatas dapat didirikan oleh dua orang atau lebih, namun tidak mengatur mengenai persentase kepemilikan saham sehingga dapat memungkinkan terjadinya kepemilikan persentase saham berimbang dalam hal perseroan terbatas hanya memiliki dua pemegang saham. Kepemilikan saham berimbang ini adalah implementasi asas keseimbangan yang merupakan cerminan nilai-nilai positif, namun di sisi lain rentan menimbulkan permasalahan jika terjadi perselisihan diantara para pemegang saham, salah satunya yaitu terkait pembubaran perseroan terbatas. Dengan metode yuridis normatif, artikel ini akan menganalisis akibat hukum terhadap perseroan terbatas yang memiliki pemegang saham dengan persentase saham berimbang serta pelaksanaan pembubaran perseroan terbatas atas permohonan pemegang saham melalui penetapan pengadilan menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 40 tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, kepemilikan presentase saham berimbang dapat berakibat tidak dapat diambilnya keputusan yang sah dan mengikat dalam RUPS sehingga dapat menimbulkan jalan buntu bagi perseroan terbatas pada saat keadaan yang mendesak. Kedua, dalam pelaksanaan pembubaran perseroan terbatas, Pasal 146 ayat (1) huruf c Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas belum memberikan kepastian hukum mengenai legal standing dari organ perseroan terbatas yang memiliki kewenangan untuk menyampaikan surat pemberitahuan kepada instansi pajak terkait non-aktifnya perseroan selama tiga tahun atau lebih, sehingga menimbulkan perbedaan penafsiran mengenai legal standing dari organ perseroan terbatas yang dapat menyampaikan surat pemberitahuan tersebut.
KEDUDUKAN PARATE EKSEKUSI PADA JAMINAN FIDUSIA DENGAN PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 18/PUU-XVII/2019
Authors: Syam Misnar , Mannas Yussy Adelina
Published: April 2022

Menurut Pasal 15 ayat (2) dan ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 Tentang Jaminan Fidusia (selanjutnya disebut UUJF) mengatur tentang eksekusi objek jaminan fi dusia. Salah satunya adalah parate eksekusi. Berlakunya parate eksekusi ini karena adanya title eksekutorial pada sertifi kat jaminan fi dusia Pasal 15 ayat (2) dan ayat (3) UUJF diajukan yudicial review ke Mahkamah Konstitusi. Dasar permohonannya adalah Pasal 15 ayat (2) dan ayat (3) UUJF ini bertentangan dengan UUD 1945. Dalam putusannya MK mempertimbangkan asas kepastian hukum dan keadilan yang menjadi syarat fundamental berlakunya sebuah norma dari undang-undang. Frasa eksekutorial pada jaminan fi dusia sama dengan frasa putusan hakim yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap dimaknai jika penyerahan objek jaminan fi dusianya diserahkan secara suka rela oleh debitor dan debitor mengakui telah cidera janji. Cidera janji (wanprestasi) tidak ditentukan secara sepihak oleh kreditor tetapi atas dasar kesepakatan antara kreditor dengan debitor atau atas dasar upaya hukum yang menentukan telah terjadinya cidera janji (wanprestasi). Kedudukan parate eksekusi dengan keluarnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019 tetap diakui dan dipertegas. Pelaksanaan eksekusinya dapat dilakukan dengan persyaratan debitor mengakui telah cidera janji dan secara suka rela menyerahkan objek jaminan fi dusianya. Parate eksekusi meskipun tetap ada tetapi dalam penerapannya menjadi sangat sulit karena persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi, sehingga eksekusi objek jaminan fi dusia akan tetap menggunakan fi at Ketua Pengadilan Negeri.
Severe Pre-Eclampsia with Partial Hellp Syndrome in Multigravida Preterm Pregnancy
Authors: Wahyunindita Ratu Nirmala , Sari Ratna Dewi Puspita
Published: April 2022

Preeclampsia is the second highest cause of maternal death in Indonesia. The incidence of preeclampsia in Indonesia is very high at 24%. West Java is a province in Indonesia with a high preeclampsia rate of 25%.Pre-eclampsia is a vascular endothelial dysfunction  and vasospasm that occurs at gestational age above 20 months and is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, with or without pathological edema. Severe preeclampsia (PEB) is characterized by a minimum of systolic blood pressure 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure 110, impaired liver function, progressive renal insufficiency, pulmonary edema, brain and visual disturbances, or thrombocytopenia. This research is descriptive observational with a case report approach. The aim of this research is to discuss updates on the occurrence, concept, pathophysiology, and management of preeclampsia. In the case reported, a female patient, aged 29 years G3P2A0, 36 weeks gestational age with severe pre-eclampsia, partial hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome in a multigravida preterm pregnancy with grade I obesity and a history of cesarean section 5 years ago. After evaluation, the patient complained of headache and heartburn. After confirmation, the fetus has IUGR, then active management with Transperitoneal Sectio Caesarea is chosen.
Empowerment of Kader Kesehatan Jiwa in Overcoming Psychosocial Problems Through Support of Mental Health and Psychosocial Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Rochmawati Dwi Heppy , Febriana Betie , Setyowati Wahyu Endang
Published: April 2022

Bandarharjo, North Semarang District, Central Java Province is a village that already has a Kader Kesehatan Jiwa (KKJ). A total of 56 peoples have been confirmed positive for COVID-19 and require treatment at the hospital because they experience moderate to severe symptoms. Some peoples who were confirmed positive with mild symptoms underwent independent treatment at home, during the pandemic which is still ongoing. Objective of this study was to improve the abilities and skills of Kader Kesehatan Jiwa in promoting mental and psychosocial health, preventing mental health and psychosocial problems, and detecting and recovering mental health and psychosocial problems due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research program for independent learning policies on independent campuses and community service based on research results and prototype PTS DITJEN DIKTIRISTEK is carried out by empowering Kader Kesehatan Jiwa (KKJ) by providing training and assistance in implementing Mental Health and Psychosocial Support for the COVID-19 pandemic (MHPSS) to Kader Kesehatan Jiwa (KKJ). Results 60 respondents, after being given mental health and psychosocial support for 3 days and assistance for 8 days, their physical health condition increased to 75% which was initially 3.3%. This study uses a descriptive study and observation method, the conditions obtained are mental health conditions from 35% to 55%, mental emotional disorders from 28.4% decreased to 16.7%, hallucinations remained 11.6% and post-traumatic disease syndrome rates decreased from 25% to 16.7%. Conclusion Mental Health and Psychosocial Support reduces the respondent's physical and mental health problems.