bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aktivitas Antioksidan, Nilai pH, Rendemen, dan Tingkat Kesukaan Keju Mozarella dengan Penambahan Sari Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Authors: Wiedyantara Anjasmara Bagas , Rizqiati Heni , Bintoro Valentinus Priyo
Published: May 2023

Buah naga merah merupakan jenis buah yang memiliki warna daging merah cerah serta rasa yang manis, selain itu juga memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang sangat beragam dan bermanfaat bagi tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Sari Buah Naga Merah (SBNM) terhadap aktivitas antioksidan, nilai pH, rendemen, dan tingkat kesukaan keju mozzarella. Bahan yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah susu sapi segar, buah naga  merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus), rennet danisco, asam sitrat, aquades, air es, dan reagen DPPH. Penelitian menggunakan uji RAL dengan variasi perlakuan yang diberikan adalah (T1) tanpa penambahan SBNM 0%, (T2) penambahan SBNM 2%, (T3) penambahan SBNM 4%, dan (T4) penambahan SBNM 6%. Parameter yang diamati adalah aktivitas antioksidan, nilai pH, rendemen, dan tingkat kesukaan keju mozzarella. Data aktivitas antioksidan keju mozzarella dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data hasil pegujian nilai pH dan rendemen dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan apabila terdapat perbedaan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Sedangkan data tingkat kesukaan dianalisis dengan Uji Kruskal Wallis dan apabila terdapat pengaruh maka diuji lanjut menggunakan Man Whitney. Penambahan konsentrasi SBNM yang semakin tinggi akan meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidannya. Nilai pH keju juga berpengaruh, dimana nilai pH akan semakin turun seiring dengan meningkatnya  penambahan konsentrasi SBNM. Rendemen yang dihasilkan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda. Tingkat kesukaan keju mozzarella secara umum disukai oleh panelis pada semua perlakuan.
Preferensi Konsumen terhadap Bakso Analog Tepung Kacang Koro Pedang dengan Penambahan Tepung Maizena sebagai Bahan Pengikat
Authors: Susanti Lisa Harmi , Pratama Yoga , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro
Published: May 2023

AbstrakBakso analog tepung kacang koro pedang merupakan bakso yang terbuat dari bahan nabati yang dibuat menyerupai dengan bakso daging atau ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat organoleptik yang meliputi warna, kekenyalan, kelengketan, aroma dan kesukaan overall dari bakso analog yang terbuat dari bahan tepung serat dan protein kacang koro pedang dengan penambahan tepung maizena sebagai bahan pengikat. Percobaan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Deskriptif Kuantitatif (Quantitive Descriptive Analysis) yang dianalisa dengan spiderweb dan pengujian hedonik dengan analisa Kruskal-Wallis Test. Perlakuan penelitian adalah T0 =  TKKP 90% dan tepung maizena 10%; T1 = TKKP fraksi protein 75%, fraksi serat 15% dan tepung maizena 10%; T2 =  TKKP fraksi protein 55%, fraksi serat 35% dan tepung maizena 10%; T3 = TKKP fraksi protein 35%, fraksi serat 55% dan tepung maizena 10%; dan T4 = TKKP fraksi protein 15%, fraksi serat 75% dan tepung maizena 10%. Parameter yang diamati adalah warna, kekenyalan, kelengketan, aroma, dan kesukaan overall. Sifat organoleptik dengan deskriptif didapatkan hasil bahwa pada atribut kekenyalan, kelengketan dan aroma sangat dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi fraksi serat, namun pada atribut warna yang mempengaruhi yaitu fraksi protein. Sifat organoleptik dengan hedonik menunjukkan bahwa formulasi yang ideal yaitu pada T4 dengan konsentrasi fraksi protein 15%, serat 75% dan tepung maizena 10%.
Analisis Total Padatan Terlarut, Keasaman, Kadar Lemak, dan Tingkat Viskositas pada Kefir Optima dengan Lama Fermentasi yang Berbeda
Authors: Bayu Mohammad Kresna , Rizqiati Heni , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro
Published: May 2023

Kefir Optima merupakan jenis minuman fermentasi yang dibuat dengan menambahkan kefir grains ke dalam susu, selain itu juga menjadi sumber probiotik utama dan memiliki banyak manfaat untuk kesehatan manusia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap total padatan terlarut, kadar lemak, dan tingkat viskositas kefir optima. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah susu sapi segar, kefir grains, NaOH 0,1 N, Phenolphtalein (PP) 1%, H2SO4, isoamil alkohol dan aquades.. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan variasi perlakuan yang diberikan adalah (T1) lama fermentasi 12 jam, (T2) lama fermentasi 24 jam, (T3) lama fermentasi 36 jam, dan (T4) lama fermentasi 48 jam. Parameter yang diamati adalah total padatan terlarut, keasaman, kadar lemak, dan tingkat viskositas kefir optima. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan apabila terdapat perbedaan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Penambahan lama fermentasi memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap total padatan terlarut, keasaman dan kadar lemak namun tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat viskositas. Semakin lama waktu fermentasi, total padatan terlarut dan kadar lemak semakin menurun dan keasaman meningkat.
Evaluasi Kadar Gula, Kadar Air, Kadar Asam dan pH pada Pembuatan Tablet Effervescent Buah Nangka
Authors: Pramono Yoyok Budi , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro
Published: May 2023

Effervescent merupakan sediaan yang menghasilkan gelembung karbondioksida yang merupakan hasil reaksi kimia senyawa asam dan basa dalam larutan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan kombinasi formulasi asam sitrat dan natrium bikarbonat terhadap effervescent buah nangka. Desain percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan dengan variasi formulasi asam sitrat dan natrium bikarbonat sebesar 30% natrium bikarbonat dan 10% asam sitrat untuk T1, 25% natrium bikarbonat dan 15% asam sitrat untuk T2, 20% natrium bikarbonat dan 20% asam sitrat untuk T3, 15% natrium bikarbonat dan 25% asam sitrat untuk T4 serta 10% natrium bikarbonat 30% asam sitrat untuk T5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh perlakuan terhadap kadar air, kadar asam dan pH, namun tidak ada pengaruh perlakuan terhadap kadar gula. Kombinasi 20% natrium karbonat dan 20% asam sitrat menghasilkan nilai pH ideal dan kadar air terendah.
Optimasi Persentase Penggunaan Tepung Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L. Poir) pada Yoghurt Berdasarkan Parameter Aktivitas Antioksidan, Derajat Keasaman, Viskositas dan Mutu Hedonik
Authors: Devangga Farhandhia , Dwiloka Bambang , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ubi jalar ungu terhadap aktivitas antioksidan, derajat keasaman, viskositas dan mutu hedonik pada yoghurt. Pembuatan yoghurt dengan penambahan tepung ubi jalar ungu (T0: 0 %; T1: 1 %; T2: 2 %; T3: 3 %). Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data derajat keasaman dan viskositas diolah menggunakan metode Analysis of Varian (ANOVA), serta parameter aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data mutu hedonik dengan parameter warna,tekstur, rasa dan overall dianalisis dengan metode Kruskal Wallis Test dan uji lanjut Mann Whitney U Test. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dan viskositas mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi tepung ubi jalar ungu 4,26 % - 20,61 %. Hasil analisis statistik pada derajat keasaman tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata pH 4,3 - 4,4. Analisis statistik uji viskositas menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antara semua perlakuan dengan nilai viskositas 240 cP – 4180 cP. Penambahan tepung ubi jalar ungu pada yoghurt memberikan perbedaan nyata pada warna antara T0 dan T1 dengan T2 dan T3 dan tekstur antara T0 dengan T1, T2, dan T3. Tetapi tidak memberikan perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) pada rasa dan kesukaan secara keseluruhan. Perlakuan terbaik adalah pada produk yoghurt T3 dengan penambahan tepung ubi jalar ungu sebanyak 3%.
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Rendemen, pH, Total Padatan Terlarut dan Mutu Hedonik Kefir Whey
Authors: Firdaus Gilang Mawarni , Rizqiati Heni
Published: May 2023

Kefir merupakan jenis susu fermentasi asal pegunungan Kaukasus yang memiliki rasa asam beralkohol, konsistensi seperti krim dan sedikit berbuih. Kefir whey atau yang biasa dikenal sebagai kefir bening berasal dari hasil pemisahan pada saat proses fermentasi dengan lama fermentasi antara 24 sampai 30 jam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap nilai pH, total padatan terlarut, rendemen dan mutu hedonik dari kefir whey. Materi penelitian adalah 14 liter susu sapi segar dari Kelompok Tani Ternak Rejeki Lumintu, desa Sumurejo, Gunung Pati. Bahan yang digunakan adalah kefir grains, aquades, buffer 4, buffer 7, alkohol 70%. Lama fermentasi yang digunakan yaitu T1=12 jam, T2=24 jam, T3=36 jam, dan T4=48 jam. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 kali pengulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA untuk pH, rendemen, dan total padatan terlarut sedangkan parameter kesukaan menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa lama fermentasi berbeda berpengaruh terhadap nilai pH, rendemen dan total padatan terlarut. Pada mutu hedonik tidak berbeda nyata dimana semua perlakuan sama. Dari segi kesukaan kefir whey  dengan waktu 12 jam, 24 jam, 36 jam, dan 48 jam sama sama disukai.
Pengaruh Substitusi Tepung Terigu Dengan Tepung Pisang Kepok (Musa Acuminata L.) terhadap Kadar Protein, Kadar Serat, Daya Kembang, dan Mutu Hedonik Bolu Kukus
Authors: Ramadhani Zanuarizky Oryza , Dwiloka Bambang , Pramono Yoyok Budi
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh substitusi tepung terigu dengan tepung pisang terhadap kadar protein, kadar serat kasar, daya kembang, dan mutu hedonik pada bolu kukus. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan substitusi tepung pisang kepok pada formulasi bolu kukus, yaitu T0 = 0%, T1 = 15%, T2 = 30%, dan T3 = 45%. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah kadar protein, kadar serat kasar, daya kembang, dan mutu hedonik meliputi warna, rasa, aroma, tekstur, dan kesukaan secara keseluruhan (overall). Data hasil uji kadar protein, uji kadar serat kasar, dan uji daya kembang dianalisis dengan Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan, jika terdapat pengaruh dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Data hasil uji hedonik dianalisis dengan uji non-parametrik Kruskal Wallis Test dan dilanjutkan menggunakan Mann Whitney U Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar protein, kadar serat, daya kembang, warna, tekstur, dan kesukaan keseluruhan. Tepung pisang belum mampu menggantikan tepung terigu baik sebagian atau seluruhnya, kecuali untuk meningkatkan serat kasar.
Pengaruh Substitusi Tomat dengan Pepaya terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Kesukaan Saus
Authors: Hilmy Hafizh Azzam , Hintono Antonius , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro
Published: May 2023

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh substitusi tomat dengan pepaya terhadap sifat kimia dan kesukaan saus telah dilakukan dengan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Substitusi tomat dengan pepaya (T)  diterapkan sebagai perlakuan yaitu T0=0% (tanpa substitusi), T1=10%, T2=20% T3=30%, dan T4=40%. Parameter yang diamati adalah pH, kadar air, total padatan terlarut dan kesukaan saus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi tomat dengan pepaya berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap pH, kadar air dan total padatan terlarut, tetapi tidak berpengaruh (p>0,05) terhadap kesukaan saus. Semakin tinggi persentase substutusi, pH semakin meningkat, kadar air semakin turun, dan total padatan terlarut semakin semakin meningkat, namun semua saus sama agak disukai. Pepaya dapat digunakan untuk mensubstitusi tomat dalam pembuatan saus.
Karakteristik Es Krim Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas var Ayamurasaki) Dengan Penambahan Tepung Umbi Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L.) Sebagai Bahan Penstabil
Authors: Siswati Octani Dwi , Bintoro Valentinus Priyo , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi tepung umbi gembili paling optimal untuk menghasilkan es krim ubi jalar ungu yang paling disukai panelis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dengan variasi penambahan tepung umbi gembili yaitu T0 (konsentrasi 0%), T1(konsentrasi 0,15%), T2(konsentrasi 0,3%), T3(konsentrasi 0,45%) dan T4(konsentrasi 0,6%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung umbi gembili yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap nilai overrun, kecepatan leleh, total padatan, mutu hedonik es krim ubi jalar ungu. Perlakuan penambahan tepung umbi gembili yang ideal adalah konsentrasi tepung umbi gembili 0,3% yang menghasilkan overrun 29,09%; kecepatan leleh sebesar 19,92 menit ; total padatan sebesar 31,11%; dan memiliki sifat mutu hedonik berupa tekstur yang halus pada es krim ubi jalar ungu.
Deteksi Enzim Peroksidase dari Lobak Putih (Raphanus sativus L.) Berdasarkan Kadar Proteinnya
Authors: Susanto Mauly Nabia , Al-Baarri Ahmad Ni'matullah , Legowo Anang Mohamad
Published: May 2023

Enzim peroksidase telah banyak digunakan sebagai reagen di bidang farmasi, industri maupun pangan. Lobak putih (Raphanus sativus L.) merupakan tanaman yang dikenal dengan kandungan enzim peroksidase dan senyawa bioaktif lainnya yang baik untuk kesehatan, namun pemanfaatannya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mendeteksi enzim peroksidase dari lobak putih berdasarkan kadar proteinnya dengan teknik pertukaran ion. Fraksi hasil elusi diukur absorbannya pada spektrofotometer dengan panjang gelombang 280 nm. Jumlah fraksi yang didapat sebanyak 29 fraksi. Berdasarkan pengamatan absorban, maka didapat hasil bahwa fraksi dengan urutan ke-5 merupakan fraksi yang mempunyai nilai absorbansi terbesar dan perkiraan kadar protein sebesar 1,387%, melalui uji Bradford kadar protein yang diperoleh sebesar 0,152%. Penelitian ini telah berhasil untuk melakukan pengambilan enzim peroksidase dan dapat digunakan sebagai informasi mengenai penelitian lebih lanjut.Peroxidase enzyme has been widely used as reagent in pharmacy, industrial, and also food. Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a plant that has been known to contain peroxidase and other bioactive compounds that are good for health, but its applications are still limited. This study aims to detect peroxidase enzymes contained in radish based on its protein content by ion exchange techniques. The elution fraction was measured by absorbance on a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 280 nm. Total obtained fraction from elution was 29 fractions. Based on absorbance observation, it was found that fraction with the order of-5 is the fraction that has the greatest absorbance value which has protein content estimation of 1,387%, protein content obtained through Bradford test was 0,152%. This study has succeeded in conducting peroxidase enzyme taking and particularly useful for advanced research.
The effect of maternal pregestational diabetes on fetal autonomic nervous system
Authors: Mercado Luis , Escalona‐Vargas Diana , Blossom Sarah , Siegel Eric R. , Whittington Julie R. , Preissl Hubert , Walden Kaitlyn , Eswaran Hari
Published: May 2023

Heart rate variability assessment of neonates of pregestational diabetic mothers have shown alterations in the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The objective was to study the effect of maternal pregestational diabetes on ANS at the fetal stage by combining cardiac and movement parameters using a non‐invasive fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) technique. This is an observational study with 40 participants where fetuses from a group of 9 Type 1, 19 Type 2 diabetic, and 12 non‐diabetic pregnant women were included. Time and frequency domain fetal heart rate variability (fHRV) and coupling of movement and heart rate acceleration parameters related to fetal ANS were analyzed. Group differences were investigated using analysis of covariance to adjust for gestational age (GA). When compared to non‐diabetics, the Type 1 diabetics had a 65% increase in average ratio of very low‐frequency (VLF) to low‐frequency (LF) bands and 63% average decrease in coupling index after adjusting for GA. Comparing Type 2 diabetics to non‐diabetics, there was an average decrease in the VLF (50%) and LF bands (63%). Diabetics with poor glycemic control had a higher average VLF/LF (49%) than diabetics with good glycemic control. No significant changes atp < 0.05 were observed in high‐frequency (HF) frequency domain parameters or their ratios, or in the time domain. Fetuses of pregestational diabetic mothers exhibited some differences in fHRV frequency domain and heart rate‐movement coupling when compared to non‐diabetics but the effect of fHRV related to fetal ANS and sympathovagal balance were not as conclusive as observed in the neonates of pregestational diabetic mothers.
Cardiomyocyte ZKSCAN3 regulates remodeling following pressure‐overload
Authors: Ouyang Xiaosen , Bakshi Sayan , Benavides Gloria A. , Sun Zhihuan , Hernandez‐Moreno Gerardo , Collins Helen E. , Kane Mariame S. , Litovsky Silvio , Young Martin E. , Chatham John C. , Darley‐Usmar Victor , Wende Adam R. , Zhang Jianhua
Published: May 2023

Autophagy is important for protein and organelle quality control. Growing evidence demonstrates that autophagy is tightly controlled by transcriptional mechanisms, including repression by zinc finger containing KRAB and SCAN domains 3 (ZKSCAN3). We hypothesize that cardiomyocyte‐specific ZKSCAN3 knockout (Z3K) disrupts autophagy activation and repression balance and exacerbates cardiac pressure‐overload‐induced remodeling following transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Indeed, Z3K mice had an enhanced mortality compared to control (Con) mice following TAC. Z3K‐TAC mice that survived exhibited a lower body weight compared to Z3K‐Sham. Although both Con and Z3K mice exhibited cardiac hypertrophy after TAC, Z3K mice exhibited TAC‐induced increase of left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole (LVPWd). Conversely, Con‐TAC mice exhibited decreases in PWT%, fractional shortening (FS%), and ejection fraction (EF%). Autophagy genes (Tfeb, Lc3b, and Ctsd) were decreased by the loss of ZKSCAN3. TAC suppressed Zkscan3, Tfeb, Lc3b, and Ctsd in Con mice, but not in Z3K. The Myh6/Myh7 ratio, which is related to cardiac remodeling, was decreased by the loss of ZKSCAN3. Although Ppargc1a mRNA and citrate synthase activities were decreased by TAC in both genotypes, mitochondrial electron transport chain activity did not change. Bi‐variant analyses show that while in Con‐Sham, the levels of autophagy and cardiac remodeling mRNAs form a strong correlation network, such was disrupted in Con‐TAC, Z3K‐Sham, and Z3K‐TAC. Ppargc1a also forms different links in Con‐sham, Con‐TAC, Z3K‐Sham, and Z3K‐TAC. We conclude that ZKSCAN3 in cardiomyocytes reprograms autophagy and cardiac remodeling gene transcription, and their relationships with mitochondrial activities in response to TAC‐induced pressure overload.
Conceptualising the Behaviour of MNEs, Tax Authorities and Tax Consultants in Respect of Transfer Pricing Practices – A Three-Layer Analysis
Authors: Wealth Eukeria , Smulders Sharon A. , Mpofu Favourate Y.
Published: May 2023

This study explores the decision-making behaviour of economic actors in relation to transfer pricing by applying a three-layer practice theory. A critical review of the literature using snowball sampling and a thematic analysis of interview data from the Ministry of Finance, tax consultants and the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority bring to light novel conceptualisations and perspectives on the transfer pricing phenomenon. This study addresses scholarly gaps by exploring a confluence of legal, implementation and exploitative dimensions in transfer pricing regulation. The study also makes a novel contribution by proposing a model that could be useful to policymakers and tax authorities in ameliorating tax avoidance through transfer pricing.
Volume Integral Equations and Single-Trace Formulations for Acoustic Wave Scattering in an Inhomogeneous Medium
Authors: Labarca Ignacio , Hiptmair Ralf
Published: May 2023

We study frequency domain acoustic scattering at a bounded, penetrable, and inhomogeneous obstacleΩ−⊂Rd\Omega^{-}\subset\mathbb{R}^{d},d=2,3d=2,3. By defining constant reference coefficients, a representation formula for the pressure field is derived. It contains a volume integral operator, related to the one in the Lippmann–Schwinger equation. Besides, it features integral operators defined on∂Ω−\partial\Omega^{-}and closely related to boundary integral equations of single-trace formulations (STF) for transmission problems with piecewise constant coefficients. We show well-posedness of the continuous variational formulation and asymptotic convergence of Galerkin discretizations. Numerical experiments in 2D validate our expected convergence rates.
Development of Flammulina velutipes-based meat analogs with tunable physicochemical, structural, and sensory properties
Authors: Zou Yuan , Yang Cong , Wang Na , Zheng Qian-Wang , Ye Zhi-Wei , Wei Tao , Zhong Jing-Ru , Guo Li-Qiong , Lin Jun-Fang
Published: May 2023

In this work, Flammulina velutipes was used as a novel protein and fibrous structure source to prepare animal-free patties, and transglutaminase (TGase) was added to improve their functional properties. The results showed that the addition of mushroom increased the gel strength, texture profile, and sensory property of animal-free patties. However, the presence of mushroom made the microstructure of patty become loose, with large holes. Interestingly, TGase (6–8 U/g) significantly decreased the size of holes in microstructure and induced to form a uniform and compact microstructure. Because TGase decreased the content of free amino acid group and soluble protein, and induced the formation of new protein polymers with high molecular weight in SDS-PAGE results. The covalent cross-linking catalyzed by TGase helped to form a stronger gel matrix in patty, leading to the formation of patty with higher hardness, adhesiveness, chewiness, water holding capacity, and sensory scores.
Study of time-fractional delayed differential equations via new integral transform-based variation iteration technique
Authors: Singh Brajesh K. , Awasthi Mukesh Kumar , Agrawal Saloni , Gupta Mukesh , Tomar Ravi
Published: May 2023

The present article proposes a new-integral transform-based variational iteration technique (NTVIT) to study the behavior of higher-order nonlinear time-fractional delayed differential equations. The NTVIT is a hybrid technique that is developed via the concept of variational theory with the use of the properties of a new integral transform. The stability and convergence of NTVIT are analyzed via Banach’s fixed point theory. The effectiveness and validity of NTVIT solutions are demonstrated via the evaluation of error norms: relative/absolute errors for some test suitable delayed problems of different fractional order. The numerical experiments confirms that NTVIT is capable of producing highly accurate behaviors as compared to some existing techniques.
Discrimination against robots: Discussing the ethics of social interactions and who is harmed
Authors: Barfield Jessica K.
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the topic of ethics and policy for human interaction with robots. The term “robot ethics” (or roboethics) is generally concerned with ethical problems that may occur when humans and robots interact in social situations or when robots make decisions which could impact human well-being. For example, whether robots pose a threat to humans in warfare, the use of robots as caregivers, or the use of robots which make decisions which could impact historically disadvantaged populations. In each case, the focus of the discussion is predominantly on how to design robots that act ethically toward humans (some refer to this issue as “machine ethics”). Alternatively, robot ethics could refer to the ethics associated with human behavior toward robots especially as robots become active members of society. It is this latter and relatively unexplored view of robot ethics that this article focuses on, and specifically whether robots will be the subject of discriminatory and biased responses from humans based on the robot’s perceived race, gender, or ethnicity. If so, the paper considers what issues are implicated, and how society might respond? From past research, preliminary evidence suggests that acts of discrimination which may be directed against people may also be expressed toward robots experienced in social contexts; therefore, discrimination against robots as a function of their physical design and behavior is an important and timely topic of discussion for robot ethics, human–robot interaction, and the design of social robots.
Similarity in phytoplankton photophysiology among under-ice, marginal ice, and open water environments of Baffin Bay (Arctic Ocean)
Authors: Joy-Warren Hannah L. , Lewis Kate M. , Ardyna Mathieu , Tremblay Jean-Éric , Babin Marcel , Arrigo Kevin R.
Published: May 2023

As sea ice is declining rapidly in the Arctic, phytoplankton are being exposed to very different light regimes. Here we investigated how phytoplankton photoacclimate in three different irradiance regimes: under the ice, in the marginal ice zone, and in open water. We sampled from these three regimes in spring–summer 2016 during the Green Edge cruise in Baffin Bay. We also conducted experiments to investigate the impact of short-term surface light exposure on phytoplankton photophysiology, focusing on processes related to photoprotection and photodamage. These experiments were designed to simulate phytoplankton mixing to the surface or sea ice rapidly disappearing. Despite differences in hydrography, nutrient concentrations, light conditions, and phytoplankton biomass in each regime, the phytoplankton community was similar in terms of photophysiological state. Photoprotective pigments (including the xanthophyll cycle) were high in all three regimes sampled. As with the in situ measurements, ice conditions and light history had little impact on how phytoplankton responded to high light exposure, leading us to conclude that phytoplankton are largely prepared for a high light transition, even when originating from low light environments under sea ice.
eIF4EHP promotes Ldh mRNA translation in and fruit fly adaptation to hypoxia
Authors: Liang Manfei , Hody Clara , Yammine Vanessa , Soin Romuald , Sun Yuqiu , Lin Xing , Tian Xiaoying , Meurs Romane , Perdrau Camille , Delacourt Nadège , Oumalis Marina , Andris Fabienne , Conrard Louise , Kruys Véronique , Gueydan Cyril
Published: May 2023

Hypoxia induces profound modifications in the gene expression program of eukaryotic cells due to lowered ATP supply resulting from the blockade of oxidative phosphorylation. One significant consequence of oxygen deprivation is the massive repression of protein synthesis, leaving a limited set of mRNAs to be translated. Drosophila melanogaster is strongly resistant to oxygen fluctuations; however, the mechanisms allowing specific mRNA to be translated into hypoxia are still unknown. Here, we show that Ldh mRNA encoding lactate dehydrogenase is highly translated into hypoxia by a mechanism involving a CA‐rich motif present in its 3′ untranslated region. Furthermore, we identified the cap‐binding protein eIF4EHP as a main factor involved in 3′UTR‐dependent translation under hypoxia. In accordance with this observation, we show that eIF4EHP is necessary for Drosophila development under low oxygen concentrations and contributes to Drosophila mobility after hypoxic challenge. Altogether, our data bring new insight into mechanisms contributing to LDH production and Drosophila adaptation to oxygen variations.
IDENTIFICATION OF EXCESSIVE SCREEN TIME IN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Abdullah Aziman
Published: May 2023

The shift to fully online learning in higher education due to COVID-19 pandemic has caused the increase of screen-based activities, including learning engagement in the learning management system (LMS). As a result, they may experience excessive screen time (EST). While many studies on screen time adopt a self-report or survey approach, there is lack of attention by scholars in identifying EST based on actual online learning engagement in higher education. Therefore, this study adopted educational data mining (EDM) with box-plot visualisation to identify outliers as indicators of excessive user screen time. The findings show that there are more than 10% of students and instructors who are classified as EST users. To conclude, this study has shed light for higher education on the call for a new policy, quality standard and guideline on how healthy online learning engagement should be effectively monitored to mitigate associated risks with EST towards sustainable development goals.
COVID-19 WEARABLE DEVICE USING RSSI BLE MODULE MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: Ghani N.M.A , Wei Jie Lim , Bari Bifta Sama , Abas N.
Published: May 2023

Self-quarantine is essential for persons returning from overseas or red zone locations. It is critical that the self-quarantine be completed without incident, since this might result in the self-quarantine individual becoming a carrier of COVID-19 in the community. The majority of nations worldwide have developed a variety of COVID-19 monitoring and tracing systems in order to navigate and address this issue. However, some constraints and limitations may result in deliberate non-adherence. Individuals who have been quarantined may continue to roam within the community by detaching their wristbands or by submitting a false contact status in the tracing application. This article proposes a novel configuration for an obligatory self-quarantine system. It will facilitate communication between wearable and contact tracing technologies, ensuring that authorities maintain complete control over the system. The suggested system's hardware in the wearable device is low-cost, lightweight, and safe for the next user after the quarantine period is complete. The software (both software and database) that connects the quarantine user to the normal user makes use of cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) reporting and flagging techniques.
LIVE COURIER TRACKING AND DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Abd Rahman Nadzirah , Mohd Radzuan Nabilah Filzah
Published: May 2023

Live tracking courier offers the ability of real-time tracking of vehicles to identify current locations of customers packages and parcels when postal courier is on delivery duty. Tracking and tracing technologies are widely used nowadays for some purposes. This study will focus on the live tracking and delivery system application for the purpose of efficiency issues in the delivery system. To enhance the customer satisfactions towards the delivery services, this system can be one of the solutions. Thelocation in the system is real time and using tracker devices to detect the live locations. There are few related works that have been discussed, which are GPSWOX, DeTrack and Grap apps that come with similarity of function for this proposed project. Hence, this proposed study designs a mobile app to evaluate the live tracking system based on hardware and software specifications. The targeted audience just need an Android device that will be used for this proposed project development. The software specifications for this proposed project are related with mobile app development, in which Java platform and Android platform will be used for software implementation and testing. The expected outcome for this development is based on the interface that have been designed for early proposed design and fulfilled the expectation results of implementation.
LEVERAGING SOCIAL MEDIA DATA FOR COVID-19 STUDIES
Authors: Ismail Nur Hafieza , Kamaruddin Nur Shazwani , Che Ros Nurol Husna
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, social media networks have become widely preferred sources of information. Especially during the time of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social media has been one of the most used platforms to get the latest news and information related to COVID-19. Social media is popular because it offers free access to its registered users and allows them to do posting, disseminate information and respond to others’ postings. With almost 4.6 billion social media users worldwide, it is not surprising that the significant amount of information shared through these platforms could affect how people perceive and cope with the pandemic that we are facing right now. With decent use, social media can be a beneficial digital tool to spread reliable news and public awareness for patients, clinicians and society. Specifically, this chapter describes linguistic, visual and emotional indicators expressed in user disclosures. Thus, in this chapter, the related studies of social media platforms' usage during the COVID-19 pandemic are explored and discussed in detail. This chapter also categorizes social media data used, and introduces different deployed machine learning, feature engineering, natural language processing, survey methods, and outlines directions for future research.
245 IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON E-COMMERCE AND ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION (HEI)
Authors: Jun Yew Eng , Jiun Xian Lim , Jun Man Quek , Abd Majid Mazlina , Abu Bakar Noor Akma
Published: May 2023

The trend of online shopping has increasingly replaced offline shopping, even nowadays, due to how rapid the growth is currently. Being introduced as a new type of buying pattern, E-commerce has been adopted on a global scale by businesses nowadays, aiming to reach more online consumers throughout the world. Nevertheless, this shopping method is still active in the local community, especially for the twenties that show high reliance on it. It can be seen from the increasing rate of online transactions made by university students. This study mainly aims to study the relationship between online shopping via e-commerce and higher education institutions (HEI) students’ behaviours as to learn more about the impact of online shopping behaviours,. Thus, a questionnaire survey as research design is applied and distributed among university students who are currently pursuing their studies at Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC) Pahang Branch, Malaysia (as a case study for this research work). The questionnaire consists of two parts, Part A is the demographic information with six questions and Part B is online shopping-related questions with a total of 18 questions measured with 5-Likert-scale. Among these HEI students who were the sample of this study, the questionnaires distributed were considered valid to be analysed and proved the hypothesis. All the data collected were then analysed using GNU PSPP Version 3. Afterward, the Bivariate Correlation is implemented to analyse data for hypothesis testing. The findings of this study have analysed and revealed the weak correlation between the demographic information (gender, age, race, family income and employment status) and online shopping factors. However, the online shopping factor does greatly impact the consumers’ shopping behaviours and shopping impacts, implying the more convenient the e-commerce platform, the more acceptable the e-commerce platform among consumers, which has shown the positive impact of shopping behaviour during COVID-19 pandemic.
Charcoal properties of Malaysian bamboo charcoal carbonized at 750 °C
Authors: Jarawi Nurhazwani , Jusoh Ismail
Published: May 2023

The carbonization of five Malaysian bamboo species, namely Bambusa vulgaris, Dendrocalamus asper, Gigantochloa hasskarliana, Gigantochloa levis, and Schizostachyum brachycladum, was conducted to investigate the charcoal properties and compare the quality of bamboo charcoal produced based on proximate analysis. Carbonization at 750 °C using a modified Iwasaki steel drum kiln was successful for all bamboo species. Bamboo morphological features varied and basic density increased with culm height. A charcoal yield of more than 30% was recorded in all bamboo species except for B. vulgaris and D. asper. Charcoals made from D. asper and G. hasskarliana could serve as the alternative raw material for charcoal production in charcoal industries due to their low moisture, low volatile matter, low ash, and high fixed carbon content. All species had a mean gross calorific value between 24.4 and 29.2 MJ/kg. Among different culm sections, the bottom section produced the best quality charcoal. The charcoal quality from all species was of acceptable quality for domestic use.
The Moscow Branch of the Family Tree of F. M. Dostoevsky: New Archival and Printed Sources
Authors: Tikhomirov Boris , Drobyshevskaya Inga
Published: May 2023

The article introduces into scientific circulation new archival and printed sources related to the Moscow branch of the family tree of F. M. Dostoevsky. They pertain to five generations of the writer᾽s ancestors and relatives — from the great-great-great-grandfather of the priest Andrey Grigoriev to the mother of Maria Fedorovna Nechaeva-Dostoevskaya. The certificates of M. F. Nechaeva᾽s birth, her brother Mikhail’s (Dostoevsky᾽s uncle) birth and death, the wedding of the grandfather and grandmother of the writer Fyodor Timofeevich Nechaev and Varvara Mikhailovna Kotelnitskaya, the birth and wedding of Alexandra Fedorovna Nechaeva-Kumanina (Dostoevsky᾽s aunt), the death of grandfather F. T. Nechaev, etc. are published for the first time. For the first time, the names of the brother of Dostoevsky᾽s great-great-great-grandfather, the archpriest of the Assumption Cathedral in the Kremlin, John Grigoriev, the great-grandmother of the writer Nastasia Kotelnitskaya and some other relatives are established. Clarifications and corrections have been made to the information previously published in genealogical works about members of the Dostoevsky family. The authors of the article paid special attention to the establishment of the Moscow addresses of the ancestors and relatives of the writer, laying the foundation for the creation of the “Dostoevsky᾽s Moscow” map in the future.
Targeted Vaccine Messaging to Promote COVID-19 Vaccines for Children and Youth
Authors: Heffernan Marie E. , Bendelow Anne , Kociolek Larry K. , Smith Tracie L. , Menker Carly G. , Davis Matthew M.
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES

To assess the effectiveness of distinct message types in promoting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination intentions for parents of children and adolescents.

METHODS

We collected data through the Voices of Child Health in Chicago Parent Panel Survey from October to November 2021. Parents were randomly assigned to read 1 of 4 vaccine message types and then report their intentions to vaccinate each COVID-19–unvaccinated child (0–17 years) in their household (n = 1453).

RESULTS

The sample included 898 parents. Compared with a control group (37.5%), the proportion of parents who were very likely to vaccinate their children was higher when messages highlighted that other trusted parents have vaccinated their children (53.3%) or that the vaccine is safe and thoroughly tested (48.9%) but not when messages highlighted that the vaccine is well-tolerated (41.5%). After adjusting for parent and child characteristics, the odds of being very likely to vaccinate remained higher in the trusted parents group but not in the safe/thoroughly tested group. Unlike the control and well-tolerated groups, there were no racial/ethnic disparities in the unadjusted proportion of parents who were very likely to vaccinate in the trusted parents and safe/thoroughly tested groups. Message types affected the unadjusted proportion of COVID-19-unvaccinated parents who were very likely to vaccinate their children.

CONCLUSIONS

Messages that focus on trusted parents choosing to vaccinate their children were more effective at promoting parents’ COVID-19 vaccination intentions for their children than alternative messages. These findings have implications for public health messaging and pediatric providers’ communications with parents.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF METROLOGICAL SERVICE OF MEASURING TECHNIQUES — AS AN INFORMATION AND REFERENCE SYSTEM FOR COLLECTIVE USE
Authors: Ignatkin V. U. , Dudnikov V.S. , Alekseenko S.V. , Luchyshyn Т.R. , Khomosh Y.S. , Yushkevich О.P. , Tikhonov V.A.
Published: May 2023

As an assessment of the effectiveness of the dialog system of collective use, on the example of the system of automated control of metrological maintenance of measuring equipment (SACMMME), the ratio of the average reactivity of the system to the average cost per request is used. The ratio of the average reactivity of the target system to the average cost per request (C) is studied. Under the reactivity is the value inverse of the time of the request in the system. The flow of queries in the system obeys the Poisson distribution law. The method of simulation modeling is chosen for research.

Obtained: time dependences (C) between two adjacent queries; the dependence of the cost of one request on the intensity of requests; the dependence of the cost of one request on the bandwidth of the system, etc.

 Increasing the efficiency of shared dialogue systems is possible through a fuller load of more information system power. The selected evaluation criterion shows, which margin in the system bandwidth is excessive.

The results of calculations of economic efficiency from the introduction of SACMMME at several enterprises and research institutes are given.

In the general case, the methods of determining the economic efficiency of ACS for different purposes differ in the composition of the elements of disorder (loss) and the degree of influence of the information used on the state of the managed system.

The main criterion for assessing the economic efficiency of ACS development is the growth of profits of industrial enterprises, taking into account the growth of productivity of social labor, ie. mainly by reducing production costs. The annual savings from the introduction of ACS and the payback period of additional capital investments are used as a quantitative expression of the economic efficiency of ACS creation.
Exploring Jacques Maritain’s role in the drafting process of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A review of his presence in Charles Malik’s archival materials
Authors: Pallares-Yabur Pedro
Published: May 2023

Both the concept of human rights in Jacques Maritain and his the role in the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948 continue to generate significant interest among scholars and researchers. This interest is driven by a desire to understand the foundations of human rights in a multicultural context as well as the influence of the French philosopher on the composition of the UDHR. Charles Malik, a Lebanese philosopher and diplomat, was a nuclear drafter of the UDHR. An extensive archive of Malik’s papers is preserved at the Library of Congress, including large sections from his university years and his tenure as Lebanon’s ambassador to the United Nations. In order to provide original sources, this article presents Charles Malik’s references to the person and thought of Jacques Maritain, which will serve as a valuable resource for future researchers seeking to explain and clarify Maritain’s role and ideas in the drafting of the UDHR.
La aplicación de los principios por el juez constitucional: ¿discrecionalidad absoluta? Algunas consideraciones a las posiciones del profesor Riccardo Guastini
Authors: Muñoz-Mendiola Julio-César
Published: May 2023

La pretensión de este trabajo es enfocarse en dos puntos controvertidos de la teoría del profesor Riccardo Guastini, de una parte; y en el impacto de la indeterminación de los principios sobre la extensión del poder discrecional de los jueces constitucionales, de otra parte. Así, la tesis que defiendo en este trabajo es que a pesar de ese margen tan amplio de discrecionalidad del juzgador constitucional, al final, existen parámetros objetivos en su proceso de decisión que racionalizan esta discrecionalidad; lo que se aprecia de forma más clara si se ve desde una perspectiva institucional y funcional, y no solo teórica.
Juan Manuel Burgos, La vía de la experiencia o la salida del laberinto, Rialp, Madrid, 2018, 138 pp.
Authors: Massini-Correas Carlos-I.
Published: May 2023

Book Review
Jesús Ballesteros, Domeñar las finanzas, cuidar la naturaleza, Tirant Humanidades, Valencia, 2021, 468 pp.
Authors: Marcone-Lo-Presti Rodolfo
Published: May 2023

Book Review
Associations between functional constipation and non-IgE- mediated food allergy in infants and children
Authors: Sissoko N'bamori dite naba , Chen Wenxin , Wang Chenhui , Wu Yanling , Zheng Xinguo , Dong Xueting , Li Mei , Yang Hui
Published: May 2023

Background: The non-IgE-mediated food allergy (non-IgE-FA) is less prevalent than IgE-mediated food allergy, and their relationship with functional constipation (FC) needs to be clarified.
Methods: A total of 305 infants and children with constipation treated in the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from July 2020 to December 2021 were included in this study. Four cases with organic lesions were excluded. Among 301 diagnosed with FC, according to ROME IV criteria, 81 cases with allergy-related indicators were further evaluated for food allergy by food-specific IgG antibody test, allergenspecific IgE antibody detection, skin prick test, and food avoidance and reintroduction.
Results: A total of 45 cases with FC were diagnosed with food allergy, and the incidence rate was 15%. Among the 45 patients, 35 cases (77.8%) had FC with non-IgE-FA. The main clinical symptoms or signs included anal fissure, abdominal pain, and pain during defecation. The most prevalent allergic foods were cow’s milk, eggs, fish, and shrimp. Ten (22.2%) cases reported FC with mixed food allergy, including both non-IgE-mediated and IgE-mediated food allergy. This study focused on non-IgE-mediated food allergy–related FC.
Conclusion: Our results showed that the incidence of food allergy in infants and children with FC was 15%, which was mainly mediated by non-IgE-FA. The main clinical symptoms or signs in these cases included anal fissure, abdominal pain, and pain during defecation, and the main allergens included milk, eggs, fish, and shrimp.
Study on anti-inflammatory effect of peptides-conjugated alumina nanoparticle on allergic rhinitis mice model
Authors: Li Li , Wang Jing , Athari Seyyed Shamsadin , Jiang Chao-Wu
Published: May 2023

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common atopic problem in which immune response to the envi-ronmental factors leads to clinical symptoms. Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) as a peptide attenuates Th2 response and stimulates Th1 activation and mucus adhesion promoting protein (MapA) as a cell-surface protein binds to mucus. This study evaluated the effect of HP-NAP and MapA conjugated with alumina nanoparticle on AR. HP-NAP and HP-NAP with MapA were conjugated to alumina nanoparticle and two separate nanopar-ticles were produced. The AR mice were treated with these and HP-NAP in peptide form. The AR symptoms, gene expression of mucus, levels of IL-33 and IL-4, and total and ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE levels were evaluated. Nasal rubbing, sneezing, gene expression of mucus, and IL-33 and IL-4 levels, and OVA-specific and total IgE were decreased in three treated groups compared to AR, and there was a significant decrease in the symptoms in AR-H-M-A group (P < 0.05) when compared to the other treated groups. HP-NAP has a controlling effect on AR, and in nanoparticle-conjugated form it can strongly attach to the airway’s mucus via MapA. Therefore, cooperation of HP-NAP-alumina with MapA can produce an effective and applicable treatment for AR.