bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Etnosains untuk Melatih Keterampilan Literasi Sains Peserta Didik SMP
Authors: Dal Mikahela , Lidi Maria Waldetrudis , Priska Melania
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis etnosains, dan mengetahui keterampilan literasi sains peserta didik, serta respon peserta didik terhadap LKPD berbasis etnosains. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan atau research and development (R&D). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas VIIB SMPN 3 Borong yang berjumlah 27 peserta didik, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui validasi kelayakan LKPD IPA berbasis etnosains, wawancara, observasi kelas, tes literasi sains peserta didik, dan angket respon peserta didik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis validasi kelayakan LKPD IPA berbasis etnosains, analisis wawancara, observasi kelas, analisis angket respon peserta didik, dan analisis literasi sains peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKPD berbasis etnosains mampu meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sains peserta didik kelas VIIB di SMPN 3 Borong. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil validasi kelayakan LKPD berbasis etnosains dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 98% termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak. Nilai keterampilan literasi sains peserta didik dapat dilihat dari persentase ketuntasan nilai N-Gain score sebesar 0,83 atau dinyatakan dalam persen 〈g〉 83% yang termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Hasil perhitungan angket respon peserta didik terhadap LKPD yang dikembangkan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa nilai respon peserta didik sebesar 62,70% yang termasuk dalam kategori baik
Pembelajaran STEAM Melalui Metode SITOPE untuk Meningkatkan Kewirausahaan Siswa
Authors: Krismiyanti Lufia , Iswantoro Bambang
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan proses pembelajaran STEAM dan keefektifanpembelajaran STEAM melalui metode SITOPE untuk meningkatkan kewirausahaan siswa. Penelitian inidilakukan dalam 2 siklus pada siswa kelas IX C SMP Negeri 1 Brebes Semester 2 tahun pelajaran2022/2023 yang masing-masing siklus meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, danevaluasi tindakan. Data penelitian berupa skor kewirausahaan siswa. Analisis data dilakukan secarakualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran STEAM melalui metodeSITOPE dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik sesuai dengan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP).Pembelajaran STEAM melalui metode SITOPE dapat meningkatkan kewirausahaan siswa sebesar 3,80%.Pembelajaran STEAM melalui metode SITOPE dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif dalam meningkatkankewirausahaan siswa
Kefektivan Media Poster Berbasis Pictorial Riddle terhadap Scientific Literacy Skills Peserta Didik
Authors: Arumsari Ratih Ayuningtyas , Arfiani Yuni , Fatkhomi Fahmi
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui (1) tingkat efektivitas poster berbasis pictorial riddle sebagai mediapembelajaran IPA terhadap scientific literacy skills peserta didik dan (2) perbedaan scientific literacy skills peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Penelitian eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest control group merupakan jenis penelitian ini. Penelitian ini melibatkan peserta didik di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1Dukuhturi pada tahun akademik 2022/2023. Sampel penelitiannya yaitu kelas VIII I digunakan sebagaikelas eksperimen dan Kelas VIII G digunakan sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel denganpurposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu tes (pretest-posttest) dan non tes. Analisis data yangdigunakan yaitu uji N-Gain dan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Mediapembelajaran poster berbasis pictorial riddle cukup efektif dalam memberikan pengaruh pada peningkatanhasil scientific literacy skills peserta didik dengan perolehan persentase skor N-Gain 66,71% dan (2) Uji t-testmenunjukkan perbedaan scientific literacy skills antara peserta didik di kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontroldengan ilai sig. (2-tailed) lebih kecil dari 0,05. yaitu sebesar 0,001.
Korelasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dengan Etika Lingkungan Hidup Peserta Didik pada Topik Pencemaran Lingkungan
Authors: Sofianti Emiliya Dwi , Hayati Muriani Nur , Widiyanto Bayu
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pofil kemampuan berpikir kritis (2) profil etika lingkungan hidup, dan (3) hubungan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan etika lingkungan hidup peserta didik SMPN 3 Talang pada pokok bahasan pencemaran lingkungan kelas VII. Jenis penelitian yaitu korelasional menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dilaksanakan di SMPN 3 Talang tahun ajaran 2022/2023 dengan sampel kelas VII  dipilih melalui teknik cluster random sampling. Pengambilan data yakni dengan tes soal pilihan ganda dan benar salah, angket, dan wawancara. Analisis persentase dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil kemampuan berpikir kritis yang mendapatkan nilai 74% termasuk kategori cukup. Sedangkan profil etika lingkungan hidup memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 78% termasuk kategori baik. Hasil uji korelasi pearson product moment mendapatkan koefisien korelasi dalam kategori hubungan tinggi sebesar 0,710 dengan arah hubungan yang positif dan nilai signifikasi 0,000 (<0,05) artinya memiliki hubungan yang signifikan atau berarti.
The Association Between Interstitial Cystitis and Dyspareunia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Assiri Abdullah , Assiri Abrar , Almulfi Rahaf , Alqahtani Ahmed , Alhadi Wajd , Mohammed Abdulmajeed , Asiri Mohammed , Alshehri Najla , Mones Sarah , Fudhayl Saud , Nasser Merai
Published: February 2025

We aimed to look at the evidence that connects dyspareunia with interstitial cystitis (IC). After a comprehensive search of four databases, 690 pertinent publications were found. 324 full-text articles were examined after duplicates were eliminated using Rayyan QCRI and relevance was assessed; 7 research finally satisfied the requirements for inclusion. A total of 629 women with IC were involved in seven trials. With a total incidence of 394 (62.6%), the prevalence of dyspareunia among IC patients varied from 31.9% to 90%. IC significantly contributes to chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia, particularly in younger women. Although dyspareunia tends to decrease with age, menopausal women continue to experience more discomfort during sex than non-menopausal women. The association between IC and sexual pain problems is further supported by case-control studies, which consistently demonstrate a greater prevalence of dyspareunia in IC patients relative to controls. Many IC patients report sharp pelvic pain, burning after intercourse, and prolonged discomfort, affecting both sexual and overall pelvic health. The review strongly indicates a close link between IC and dyspareunia, emphasizing how crucial it is to take IC into account while diagnosing persistent pelvic discomfort. Recognizing and addressing IC's impact on sexual health can enhance patient care and quality of life. However, further longitudinal studies are necessary to better understand how dyspareunia develops in IC patients and to explore potential interventions to alleviate its effects.
Short-term and long-term effects of low-carbohydrate diet on glycemic control in prediabetic patients
Authors: Hijazi Rabab , Ahmed Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Prediabetes is a critical public health issue characterized by elevated blood sugar levels that are higher than normal but not high enough to qualify as diabetes. It affects a significant portion of the global population and often progresses to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without intervention. The American Diabetes Association identifies prediabetes with specific glucose and HbA1c thresholds, emphasizing the necessity for effective management strategies to prevent the onset of T2DM. Low-carbohydrate diets, defined as those with carbohydrate intake below 130 grams per day, have gained attention for their potential to improve glycemic control, reduce insulin resistance, and promote weight loss. While these diets show promising results, questions remain regarding their short- and long-term efficacy, sustainability, and associated risks. This review evaluated the short-term (≤6 months) and long-term (>6 months) effects of low-carbohydrate diets on glycemic control in prediabetic patients. It synthesizes current evidence on their impact on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic adaptations. The findings revealed that short-term low-carbohydrate interventions consistently improve markers such as HbA1c, fasting glucose, and insulin sensitivity. In the long term, these diets can sustain these benefits and contribute positively to weight management and metabolic health. However, challenges such as dietary adherence, the potential for nutrient deficiencies, and the risk of reverting to pre-intervention glycemic levels upon discontinuation highlighted the need for personalized dietary planning and ongoing patient education. With careful implementation and monitoring, low-carbohydrate diets offer a promising approach to managing prediabetes and reducing the progression to T2DM.
Optimasi RoBERTa dengan Hyperparameter Tuning untuk Deteksi Emosi berbasis Teks
Authors: Pusung Elvanro Marthen , Dewi Ika Novita
Published: February 2025

Deteksi emosi berbasis teks menjadi salah satu topik utama pembahasan dalam pemrosesan bahasa alami. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena adanya peningkatan jumlah data yang dihasilkan dari interaksi digital, seperti media sosial dan aplikasi pesan instan. Deteksi emosi bertujuan untuk mengenali dan menganalisis respons emosional individu dalam situasi tertentu, dengan penerapan di berbagai bidang seperti interaksi manusia dengan komputer, analisis sentimen, dan layanan kesehatan mental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan performa deteksi emosi berbasis teks Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan model RoBERTa. RoBERTa merupakan salah satu varian dari model BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) yang telah dioptimalkan untuk pemrosesan bahasa alami dengan mempertimbangkan konteks linguistik secara lebih mendalam. Implementasi RoBERTa dalam deteksi emosi akan dioptimalkan melalui hyperparameter tuning seperti Grid Search, Randomized Search, dan Bayesian Optimization untuk memperoleh kombinasi nilai learning rate, batch size, dan epoch yang optimal, dengan tujuan meningkatkan akurasi dan kemampuan model dalam mendeteksi emosi secara konsisten. Deteksi emosi menggunakana dataset yang terdiri dari 7080 data tweet publik dengan enam kategori emosi, yaitu anger, fear, joy, love, sad, dan neutral. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa metode Bayesian Optimization memberikan kombinasi hyperparameter yang optimal dan meningkatkan performa deteksi emosi pada teks berbahasa Indonesia dengan hasil akurasi sebesar  83,64% dan nilai precision, recall dan F1-score secara berutur-turut adalah 83,75%, 83,64%, dan 83,58%.
La Durée in The Bridge on the Drina
Authors: Sulaiman Maha Qahtan
Published: February 2025

The French philosopher Henri Bergson claims that time has two qualities: The objective time; measured by clocks, and la durée that cannot be divided into units—but reflects our inner individual experience. The latter is the main concern of this paper which addresses the subjective concept of time in relation to a stone bridge—the main character in the historical novel The Bridge on the Drina, by the Yugoslavian writer Ivo Andrić. The bridge was constructed across the Drina by the Ottomans in the 16th century. In the novel, the bridge stands as a witness for the lives and fates of the residents of Višegrad for four centuries, till the time of its destruction during the First World War. The paper aims to examine Bergson’s la durée through the inner consciousness of the people who live around the stone bridge, or participate in its construction. The novelist describes people experiencing the swift or slow passage of time according to their circumstances. In both cases, time is linked to consciousness, and it is indivisible.
The Generation of Endless Interpretations in Frost's The Road not Taken: A Deconstructive Reading
Authors: Tawfeeq Marwan Abdulmunem , Tawfeeq Marwan Abdulmunem
Published: February 2025

Derrida's deconstructive approach is considered one of the significant concepts that criticize the central idea of modernism and any other previous movements. Deconstructivists aim to re-examine literary texts from an individual perspective. This individuality may generate endless interpretations of a certain text. The deconstructive approach is mainly a reaction to the systematic rules of structuralism as well as it is a reaction to the formalist approach and to all the Western logos. The selected poem of this study is Frost's "The Road not Taken". The poem is challenging as it does not follow a traditional method. It keeps generating ideas and endless interpretations because the meaning is not located. The study aims to analyze the poem from a deconstructive perspective and blur the binary opposition.
Between Absence and Presence: Deconstructing Family Dynamics in Stephen Karam’s The Human
Authors: Hassoon Ahmed Khalid , Rasheed Lamiaa Ahmed
Published: February 2025

The current study investigates the complex interplay of absence and presence in family dynamics as portrayed in Stephen Karam's The Humans. The tension between familial bonds and individual isolation is deconstructed, revealing how absence—both physical and emotional—shapes characters’ identities and relationships. By applying Derrida's concept of absence and presence, the study deconstructs the notion of the ideal family, highlighting how the absence of authentic connection and the presence of hidden tensions shape the characters' interactions. Derrida's framework allows for a deeper understanding of how presence is often characterized by the impact of absence, manifesting in the characters' fragmented identities and strained relationships. The study argues that Karam's play presents a poignant commentary on the fragility of family ties in the modern society, highlighting the ways in which shared spaces can amplify feelings of disconnection. Ultimately, the study showcases that the dynamics of presence and absence are crucial in understanding the characters' struggles and the broader themes of belonging and alienation within the modern familial context.
المكان الأليف والمكان المعادي في روايات انعام كجه جي
Authors: علي سجى خالد , سليمان لقاء نزهة
Published: February 2025

يحتوي هذا البحث و الذي يحمل عنوان (( المكان الأليف و المكان المعادي في روايات انعام كجه جي)). تعريف بالأماكن التي وردت في الروايات الاربع و الذي انقسم الى قسمين هما مكان أليف تنتمي أليه الشخصية قلباً و وجداناً، فهو منزل العائلة و بيت الاجداد و البلد موطن الذكريات.اما المكان المعادي فهو الوطن و البلد كذلك و لكن بعد أن أصبح غابة للوحوش و أصبحت مُدُنَهُ مدن أشباح بفعل الحروب و الحصار و غيرها من الامور ناهيك عن بلاد المهجر و الذي تصدرتها فرنسا لعل سبب ذلك أن الروائية تقيم فيها .لقد غيرت انعام كجه جي من خلال رواياتها نظرتنا لمفهوم المكان و الأليف و المكان المعادي فبلد المهجر قد يكون هو بر الأمان و مكاننا الأليف بعد أن اصبح بيت العائلة و المدينة التي ننتمي أليها هو المكان المعادي الذي تجردنا فيه من كل الطمأنينة و الراحة.
المكان الواقعي في قصص فرج ياسين
Authors: سليمان نور عبد الحميد , سليمان لقاء نزهة
Published: February 2025

يتمظهر الجانب الواقعي في العالم القصصي بشكل كبير إذ يسهم الأدباء في جعل عالم الحكايات موازيًا للحياة المُعاشة على أرض الواقع بمُختلف تفاصيلها من أهمها تفصيلة التمظهر الواقعي للمكان.يسهم القاص فرج ياسين في إظهار (المكان التكريتي) كبُنية و مكوّن أساسي في بنية النص السردي.عكس هذا التوظيف - توظيف مدينة تكريت - أهمية الأساليب التي سعى القاص من خلالها إلى تحقيق فنية النص و إضفاء البعد الإنساني الذي حقق عبر تقنية الاستعادة الذاكراتية التي بدورها سلّطت الضوء على الماضي الجمعي و الشخصي فضلًا عن تعزيز الهوية الثقافية و الجماعية. علاوة على ذلك، تباين التوظيف بين جعل المكان التكريتي كإطار تدور داخله الأحداث، و بين خروج المكان من حاضنة للأحداث إلى تشكيل فضاء مُستقل بشخصياته و أمكنته و جعل هذا المكان الواقعي إحدى الدعائم المُهمة و طغيان وجودها على الجو العام و الخاص للنص القصصي.
The Contribution of University Theology to the Education of Social and Charity Workers
Authors: Bravená Noemi
Published: February 2025

Social and charity workers are educated at theological faculties and their also take some courses in theology. The article deals with the current position of theology (theological topics) in their education. Currently, it appears that theological topics are incomprehensible to students and they tend to consider them as unnecessary, thus narrowing their understanding of charity as well as social work. By focusing on theological competence, we can achieve a more adequate definition of the goals of such education at theological faculties, including a more adequate definition of theological curricula content. The contribution offers the first definition of the theological competence of social and charity workers based on experience from the Czech Republic.
The Czechoslovak Hussite Church in Social and Political Reality
Authors: Veverková Kamila
Published: February 2025

The Czechoslovak Hussite Church was founded in 1920 as a fulfillment of the efforts of the reformist efforts of the Czech Catholic clergy. Its establishment was one of the consequences of the emergence of the independent Czechoslovak state in 1918. In addition to its missionary work, it was involved in various other activities that were in demand in the new state: social work, cultural work, publishing and educational activities, and last but not least work with children and young people. Through her charity work, the church made it clear that the Gospel must not only be proclaimed but also put into practice in life. Social unions were established, health stations, and day-care services. It also educated the younger generation, free citizens, and Christians for a democratic state. The church had its own children’s home. In the sense of active and socially engaged Christianity, it also acted internationally in participating in the pre-war efforts that led to the founding of the World Council of Churches (Oxford Conference 1937). Distinctive personalities were the biblical scholar professor František Kovář and sociologist František M. Hník. During the German occupation (1939-1945) its public service was outstanding, secretly organizing aid to Jews and all the persecuted. The brief period of democratic development after the war was replaced by a post Communist coup in 1948 by a dictatorship. The Church was forced to collaborate as state church laws in 1949 deprived it of the opportunity to operate in the public sphere (youth education, social work, publishing) and subjected it (and all other churches) to harsh economic and ideological control. The church survived the period 1948-1989 with considerable losses. Gradually, today it is restoring social work, and is also working in the army, hospitals, and prisons. It prepares workers professionally (far from being only clerics) at the Hussite Theological Faculty of Charles University, where in addition to theology, a number of other disciplines are taught such as social and charity work and pedagogy.
Apresentação
Authors: Chagas Angela , Galúcio Ana Vilacy
Published: February 2025

Apresentação do primeiro número do quinto volume de Cadernos de Linguística.
Plut. Gai. Gracch. and Dionys. Hal. AR. VIII: a new light on the grain dole and the participation of socii in lex agraria sempronia, the issue revisited
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russia), Telminov Vyacheslav G.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the parallels between the reforms of Gaius Gracchus and the actions of Spurius Cassius as described by Dionysius of Halicarnassus, shedding new light on the interpretation of grain dole, land allotments and the role of Italian allies in the Lex Agraria Sempronia. The narrative of Spurius Cassius appears heavily anachronistic, reflecting the conflicts of Gaius Gracchus’s era rather than those of the early Republic. Through a detailed analysis of the biographical structure of Plutarch’s parallel lives of Gaius Gracchus and Cleomenes, the article explores the moral and political frameworks imposed by these authors. These comparisons reveal indirect evidence suggesting that Gaius Gracchus may have included Italian allies in his land reforms, a hypothesis that contrasts with traditional interpretations of his legislation. By comparing literary and rhetorical strategies, the study highlights how Dionysius and Plutarch utilized historical figures to reflect broader political and moral debates. Upon examining these texts, the study contributes to a re-evaluation of Gracchus’s agrarian reforms and their implications for Roman-Italian relations during the late Republic.
Sospitator quidem ille et genitor est omnium. The Idea of a Transcendent God, Creator and Saviour of the Universe in the Writings of Apuleius of Madauros. Apuleius’ Philosophy of God
Authors:   Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University (Warsaw, Poland), Pawłowski Kazimierz
Published: February 2025

he paper presents the philosophy of God in the philosophical writings of Apuleius of Madauros, one of the most outstanding philosophers of the Middle Platonism of the 2nd century after Chr. A special feature of the theology of the Middle Platonism and what clearly distinguished this philosophy from Stoicism, which was still dominant at that time, with its vision of divinity immanent in the world, was the return to the Platonic concept of the “incorporeal” and “transcendent” God – the Creator and Saviour of this world. This concept of God fit very closely into the mystical spirituality of Middle Platonism. The attribute of God as the Saviour (Sospitator) of the world is particularly important. This is especially visible in the writings of Apuleius. Apuleius uses the term “the Saviour” in the religious sense. This term expresses the religious aspect of God’s activity in relation to His creatures and supplements His metaphysical function as an efficient cause. Apuleius’ theology quite clearly shows its rootedness in the philosophy and mystical spirituality of Plato himself, and at the same time close to the mystical spirituality of the religious Mysteries popular then. It is a very important element of his philosophical spirituality. The awareness of the existence of God, the Creator, Father, and Saviour of the world, clearly influenced Apuleius’ ethics and his perception of man.
Formation of the Hebrews’ identity: Towards a religious and political component of some biblical designations of the “proto-Israelites” and Israelites
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Tantlevskij Igor
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the evolution and semantic field of the term hā-ʻiḇrî, first used in the Bible in Gen. 14:13 in relation to Abram (Abraham), in the context of the Sutīʼū hypothesis of the origin of the Israelites’ ancestors. The term sutīʼū is probably a rendering of the Amorean šәtīʼu, i.e., “descendants of Shutu (resp. Sutu),” to whom the biblical Sheth is identical. According to the genealogies of the Book of Genesis, it is to Sheth and his son Enosh (lit. “Man”) — a “new” Adam (actually “Man”) — that all mankind is traced back. Abraham’s ancestor in the direct line is called ʻĒḇer (from the verb ʻāḇar, “to cross (often, over a river)”), i.e., “Crossing”, or perhaps “Beyond the River.” Hence the adjective ʻiḇrî implies “(a man) from ʻĒḇer / resp. Beyond the River” (one who came from across the Euphrates; cf. e.g., Josh. 24:2–3). Thus, hā-ʻiḇrî in Gen. 14:13 is not an ethnonym but rather an indication of origin: ʼaḇrām hā-ʻiḇrî, Abram From-Beyond-the-River. (Cf. the term ʼărammî in Deut. 26:5 in the sense of “from Aram”, not ethnically: an ”Aramean”.) In Deut. 32:15, 33:5, 26, and Is. 44:2, the designation yәšūrûn is used as a synonym for the name-ethnonym yaʻăqōḇ, lit. “straightened”, hence “straight,” “righteous,” etc. One could say that yәšūrûn is yiśrāʼēl ideally, i.e., Israel, who adequately kept the Law of the Lord. This name may have arisen among the Israelites as a kind of reaction to the interpretation by some of their neighbours (Edomites?) of the ethnonym yaʻăqōḇ as “deceitful” (cf., e.g., Gen. 27:36). Variants of the etymology of the term yiśrāʼēl are also considered. In particular, the author concludes that the “struggle” of Jacob-Israel “with gods and men (ʼĕlōhîm wa-ʼănāšîm)” stated in Gen. 32:29 may be interpreted in terms of his struggle with foreign cults, primarily the cult of deified ancestral spirits, as well as with the military and political enemies of the Israelites. It is also possible that the story has been interpreted as an allegory of Israel’s conquest of nations, whose lands are “patronized” by their “gods.”
Judeo-Christian eschatology and late antique mystery praxis
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (Russia), Afonasin Eugene ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: February 2025

Eschatological ideas began to play a significant role in the ancient religious tradition relatively late. This can be shown by the example of the mystery cults of Isis, Mithras and Cybele, as well as their adaptation and evaluation in early Christian authors, Neoplatonism and Gnosticism. This analysis brings us closer to clarifying the relationship of Judeo-Christian mysticism to pagan mystery practices. We can see how each cult easily finds ideas suitable for it in the rich Greco-Roman religious culture and adapts them to its own needs, often changing them beyond recognition. Operating in a similar cultural and historical context, the creators of the cults of Isis, the Great Mother, Mithras, Yahweh or Christ competed with each other, but at the same time borrowed from each other's basic ideas, the most important of which at the beginning of the era was the idea of personal salvation. If, on the contrary, one assumes that a certain ‘basic’ cult was the donor, forgetting that there was no dominant cult in the Greco-Roman world before the 3rd century AD, neither politically nor demographically, then the researcher, by initially taking an asymmetrical position and thereby assuming the role of apologist, runs the risk of missing in the course of the polemic all the advantages that a comparative-historical approach can offer. We may never get answers to some questions as a result, but an unbiased perspective, untainted by imperial ideology, will make it possible to look at the problem in a more comprehensive and multifaceted way, which, by the way, is facilitated by the excellent and constantly updated collections of inscriptions, archaeological evidence and narrative sources on Greco-Roman cults, such as (in the case of Isis) the RICIS collection.
Federico Fellini and Homer: Parallels and intersections
Authors:   The Dostoevsky Russian Christian Academy for the Humanities (St Petersburg), Sinitsyn Alexander A.
Published: February 2025

Homer, Iliad, Odyssey, Federico Fellini, Fellini Satyricon, Achilles, Odysseus, Patroclus, Encolpius, Ascyltos, ethos, the hero’s wrath, lovers/frater, Trojan cycle of myths, Ancient Rome, Italian cinematograph, leitmotifs, topoi
Abstract. This essay is an outgrowth of the topic considered in the previous articles devoted to the image of ancient and modern Rome in Federico Fellini’s films, in which an attempt to analyse several Homeric motifs in Fellini Satyricon (1969) was made. The Italian film director acknowledged that he had dreamed to make a film based on the European ‘Book of the Books’, Homer’s duology – the Iliad and the Odyssey – about the heroes of the Trojan cycle of myths. Other coincidences in Fellini and Homer constitute the object of this study. Deliberate? Fortuitous? Archetypic? Fanciful? The very wording of the topic – Fellini Satyricon as Fellini’s Iliad – is provocative. The article identifies and discusses the parallels and intersections in the works of the two great masters – the Ancient Greek poet and the classic of Italian cinematograph, who lived almost three millennia apart.
On soul: Platonism of multiplicity in the context of Marsilio Ficino’s philosophy of nature
Authors:   Independent researcher (Moscow), Shalaginov Denis , Guryanov Ilya ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Russian State University for the Humanities (Moscow)
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the consideration of the so-called Platonism of multiplicity in connection with the tendency in philosophy of recent decades to revaluate “non-modern” modes of existence, thinking and knowledge. The most important aspect of this revaluation is the rejection of Cartesian dualism (as a philosophical “symbol” of the modern era) in favor of anti-substantialist thought based on the conceptualization of the multiplicity of relations. Following this theoretical line, the authors identify key features of modern thinking and attempt to find an alternative to the modern (Cartesian/Kantian) concept of the subject in Platonic philosophy (in its Renaissance interpretation). For this purpose, the authors first of all clarify their approach to Platonism, construed not as a heritage of the metaphysical past, but as the very potentiality of philosophy itself. In support of this interpretation, various versions of the reactualization of Plato’s ideas in contemporary philosophy are given, associated with the names of J. Patočka, A. Badiou, and I. H. Grant. Following a brief consideration of their “Platonisms,” and clarifying the key concept for this article, “Platonism of multiplicity,” this concept is applied to the Renaissance Platonism of Marsilio Ficino in order to examine in detail the natural philosophical concept of the soul that he developed. Drawing on extensive research material, the authors describe the constitution of the soul as Ficino understood it, and demonstrate in what sense this concept, repressed by modernity, is an alternative to Cartesian and/or Kantian subjectivity, and explain why the task of current philosophical thought is to provide the conditions for its return.
Two Paremiological Notes on a “Delian Diver”
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), Egorochkin Mikhail V.
Published: February 2025

The paper consists of two notes on a Δήλιος κολυμβητής (“Delian Diver”), the expression known from the famous anecdote about the book by Heraclius of Ephesus (D.L. II, 22 et XI, 11–12). The first note explores the Byzantine paremiographic tradition in which Δήλιος κολυμβητής entered as a saying. Analyzing the materials from the Suda (Δ 400), Michael Apostolius (Paroem. V, 100 CPG II), and an anonymous collection from the Iviron manuscript 4199/79 (No. 13 Sotiroudis), the author concludes that this expression was never a real proverb, as some scholars believe, but was originally an author’s turn of speech, which entered the paremiographic tradition thanks to an ancient philologist. The second note examines Herodas’ 3rd mimiamb The Teacher, where there is an expression Δήλιος κυρτεύς, “Delian fisherman with a fish trap”, which presents a curious parallel to Δήλιος κολυμβητής. Many scholars and commentators regard Δήλιος κυρτεύς as a proverb and see in it an indirect confirmation of the proverbial character of the Δήλιος κολυμβητής. Meanwhile, the careful reading of Herodas’ mimiamb indicates the opposite: since the “Delian fisherman with a fish trap” is certainly an invention of Herodas himself, this parallel proves that the “Delian Diver” was also not a proverb and entered the paremiographic tradition by chance, probably from some literary source.
Porphyry of Tyre’s De Stygo (A Translation and Notes)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Garadja Alexei
Published: February 2025

The publication presents a commented Russian translation of Porphyry of Tyre’s (ca. 234 – ca. 305) treatise On the Styx (Περὶ Στυγός), which belongs to the group of his works dealing with Homeric poems. The best known of these is his fully preserved treatise On the Cave of the Nymphs (Περὶ τοῦ ἐν Ὀδυσσείᾳ τῶν νυμφῶν ἄντρου), while the most extensive are his partially preserved commentaries on the Ilias and Odyssey known under the common title of the Homeric Questions (Ὁμηρικὰ ζητήματα). Finally, his treatise On the Styx is extant only in fragments, which have been preserved by a single author only, Joannes Stobaeus (fl. vth century). In the Homeric Questions, a purely philological attitude is predominant, based on Aristarchus of Samothrace’s principle of “self-interpreting” text, “explaining Homerus from Homerus (Ὅμηρον ἐξ Ὁμήρου)”, while in both treatises the allegorical interpretation of the Homeric text moves to the foreground, which entails supplying it with a philosophical, specifically Platonic, content, having to do, above all, with the understanding of human soul and its vicissitudes after death. Attention to the letter of the Homeric text, as well as to other literary phenomena is not diminished by that, though undergoes a transformation. This attitude is characteristic of other Platonists as well, from Numenius of Apamea before Porphyry to Proclus Diadochus after him. The Russian translation is based on Cristiano Castelletti’s edition of On the Styx (2006), taking into account both the standard edition of Porphyry’s fragments by Andrew Smith (1993) and the still relevant critical edition of the four books of Stobaeus’ Anthology (whence the fragments of On the Styx have been extracted) by Kurt Wachsmuth and Otto Hense (1884–1912).
Stoics as mentors and educators of youth in the Russian Empire (based on materials of the Russian periodicals of the late 18th – 19th centuries)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Popov Danil S.
Published: February 2025

The article examines examples of the use (or consideration of the possibility of such using) of the Stoic legacy in upbringing and education of children, drawing on materials of Russian periodicals of the late 18th – 19th centuries. Although children’s journals Detskoe chtenie dlja serdca i razuma (the end of the 18th century) and Semejnye vechera (the middle of the 19th century) paid attention to the Stoics, they received a systematic representation on the pages of the periodicals of the Noble Boarding School at the Moscow University such as Poleznoe uprazhnenie junoshestva (1789), Utrennjaja zarja (1800–1808), I otdyh v pol'zu (1804), Kalliopa (1815–1820), where translations of various Stoic and stoicizing texts were published. One can suppose that this fact may have influenced the formation of certain behavioral ideals of pupils. The surge of interest of the Russian public in the Stoics in the last quarter of the 19th century led to consideration of the possibility of including literature about the Stoics in the educational process, as well as rose questions about Stoic philosophy as an alternative to Christian pedagogical ideals and original system of self-education. Reflections on justification of such steps are presented in Narodnaja i detskaja biblioteka and Obrazovanie. It is possible that an analysis of this phenomenon of the demand for Stoic philosophical strategies in the Russian Empire could contribute to solving the problem of contemporary Russian society’s search for value basis for education and upbringing.
UNIQUE CARBOHYDRATE-CONTAINING BIOPOLYMERS OF MARINE GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA
Authors:   Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Kokoulin M.S. , Kuzmich A.S. , Filshtein A.P. , Romanenko L.A.
Published: February 2025

The report presents the results of studies of structures and some biological properties of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers — components of the cell wall of marine Gram-negative bacteria.
Türkiye'de Makroekonomik Faktörler ve Dünya Belirsizlik Endeksinin Cari Hesap Dengesine Etkileri: 1980 Sonrası için Bir Zaman Serisi Analizi
Authors: Durusoy Ömer Tanju
Published: February 2025

2008 Krizi sonrasında yapılan çalışmalarda, ekonomik belirsizliği ölçme ve inceleme konusundaki ilginin arttığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmaların çoğu, önceki birçok çalışmada olduğu gibi, ekonomik belirsizliğin konjonktürel dalgalanmaları açıklayan önemli bir faktör olduğu konusunda hemfikirdir. Ekonomik belirsizliğin konjonktür üzerindeki etkisini göz önünde bulundurarak, bu çalışma, ekonomik belirsizliğin cari hesap dengesini açıklayan bir gösterge olarak ne ölçüde kullanılabileceğini değerlendirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, 1984'ün ikinci çeyreğinden 2023'ün üçüncü çeyreğine kadar olan dönem için zaman serisi analizi uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan değişkenler arasında Türkiye'nin Cari Hesap Dengesi, GSYH Büyüme Oranı, Reel Döviz Kurları ve Türkiye için Dünya Belirsizlik Endeksi yer almaktadır. Değişkenler arasındaki dinamik ilişkinin yönü ve büyüklüğü hakkında bilgi edinmek için itki-tepki analizi kullanılmıştır. Çok değişkenli zaman serisi analizinde ADF birim kök testleri yapılmış ve uygulanan VAR modelinde gecikme uzunluğunu belirlemek için Akaike bilgi kriteri kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye'nin Cari Hesap Dengesi üzerinde ana belirleyici değişkenler olan GSYH büyüme oranı ve Reel Döviz Kuru değişikliklerinin belirleyici etkisi incelenen dönemde açıkça gözlemlenmiştir. Ancak, Türkiye için Dünya Belirsizlik Endeksi'nin Cari Hesap Dengesi üzerindeki etkisi belirlenememiştir.
Sonuç olarak incelediğimiz dönem itibariyle Türkiye’nin Cari Hesap Dengesi üzerinde temel belirleyici değişkenler olan GDP büyüme oranı ve Reel Döviz Kur’undaki değişmelerin belirleyici etkisi açıkça görülmektedir. Ancak Cari Hesap Dengesi üzerinde Türkiye için Dünya Belirsizlik Endeksinin etkileme gücü tespit edilememiştir.
Konum ve Rota Planlamasında Esneklik Arayışı: Alternatif Yolları Dikkate Alan Konum Rotalama Problemi
Authors: Kısa Toğrul Ergül
Published: February 2025

Konum Rotalama Problemi (KRP), lojistik ve tedarik zinciri yönetiminde önemli bir optimizasyon problemidir. Bu problem, dağıtım ve depolama süreçlerini etkileyen bir dizi faktörü birleştirerek, maliyetlerin azaltılması ve operasyonel verimliliğin artırılmasını hedeflemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, dağıtım ağında meydana gelebilecek herhangi bir aksaklığa karşı operasyonları olabildiğince az etkileyecek ve teslimatları aksatmayacak esnek bir modelleme yaklaşımının önerilmesidir. Bu bağlamda, toplam maliyeti minimize etmek amacıyla depo konumlarını ve araç rotalarını optimize etmeye yönelik, düğümler (depolar ve müşteriler) arasında alternatif yolların hesaba katıldığı, Çoklu Grafikte Konum Rotalama Problemi (ÇG-KRP) ele alınmıştır. Problemin çözümü için Karma Tamsayılı Doğrusal Programlama (KTDP) modeli önerilmiştir. Matematiksel modelin uygulanabilirliğini göstermek amacıyla iki ayrı veri seti türetilmiş ve optimum sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, dağıtım ağında alternatif yolların dikkate alınmasının çözümler üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla duyarlılık analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alternatif yolları dikkate almanın daha fazla çözüm süresi gerektirmesine rağmen optimal çözümler elde edilmesinde modele esneklik kazandırabileceği ve toplam maliyeti azaltabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
КРЕМАЦИИ МОГИЛЬНИКА АЛЕКСАНДРОВСКИЕ СКАЛЫ 1 В КОНТЕКСТЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ПРАКТИКИ КРЕМАЦИИ НА БОСПОРЕ В РИМСКОЕ ВРЕМЯ
Authors: Бейлин Д.В. , Рукавишникова И.В. , Добровольская М.В. , Свиркина Н.Г.
Published: February 2025

В статье представлены результаты исследования кремаций из могильника Александровские скалы 1. Из 240 погребений I–II вв. н. э. три содержали остатки трупосожжений в урнах: одна была помещена в отдельной специально выкопанной яме (погребение 31, участок 1), другая – у подбойного погребения (63.2, участок 1), третья представлена запечатанной урной в изголовье молодого мужчины, погребенного в грунтовой яме с заплечиками и с плитовым перекрытием (погребение 46, участок 2). В двух урнах находились сожженные кости двух взрослых индивидов. Кремацию из погребения 46, вероятно, не следует относить к парным, поскольку второй индивид – плод, который на момент сожжения находился в теле матери. Мо гила 46 – усыпальница, принадлежащая одной, достаточно молодой, семье, в которой во время родов или немногим ранее умерла женщина. По ряду причин она была кремирована, а прах был запечатан в урне. Возможно, он хранился в семье мужа до смерти последнего. Обряд кремации редко встречается на боспорских некрополях в римское время. Судя по сумме свидетельств, индивиды из могильника Александровские скалы 1, чьи тела после смерти были кремированы, вероятно, могли принадлежать к тем социальным слоям общества, которые обладали определенным уровнем материального благосостояния, достаточным для проведения столь затрат ного погребального мероприятия. Причины, по которым родственники умерших из брали именно этот обряд, пока для нас неясны.

The paper describes the results of the studies relating to the cremations from the Aleksandrovskiye Skaly 1 cemetery. Three of 240 graves dating from the 1st–2nd cen turies AD contained cremated remains in urns. One urn was placed in a pit that was specially dug (grave 31, section 1), the second urn was placed in an undercut grave (63.2, section 1), the third was represented by a sealed urn placed near the head of a young male buried in an in-ground pit with steps and a slab roofing (grave 46, section 2). The two urns contained cremated bones of two adult individuals. Most likely, the cremation from grave 46 should not be categorized as a paired grave because the second individual was an unborn child inside the mother at the cremation. Grave 46 is a sepulcher that belonged to one, rather young family where a woman died during childbirth or earlier. For some reasons she was cremated whereas her ashes were sealed in an urn. Presumably, it was kept in the family of her husband until he died. The cremation rite occurs at Bosporus necropolis in the Roman period in rare cases. Judging by the collected evidence, the indi viduals from the Aleksandrovskiye Skaly 1 cemetery whose bodies were cremated after their death could belong to the social strata of society that had the level of prosperity suf f icient to perform such a costly funerary rite. The reasons why the relatives of the dead chose precisely this rite so far remain unclear.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕДМЕТОВ ЭПОХИ ПОЗДНЕЙ БРОНЗЫ ИЗ РАСКОПОК ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ ПАНАГИЯ 1 НА ТАМАНСКОМ ПОЛУОСТРОВЕ 2022 г.
Authors: Смекалова Т.Н. , Леонов Л.Л. , Горошников А.А. , Горошникова З.В. , Антипенко А.В. , Сапрыкина И.А.
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена результатам исследования методом РФА предметов из цветного металла из раскопок поселения эпохи позднего бронзового века Панагия 1. Анализируемая выборка насчитывает 29 предметов и разделена на 3 категории – оружие и орудия труда, украшения и неопределимые фрагменты. Вещи сделаны из оловянной, оловянно-свинцовой и мышьяковой бронзы, а также из «чистой меди». Результаты исследования показали разнообразие сплавов, их многокомпонентность и наличие «чистых» медных изделий, что может говорить об использовании мастерами, изготавливавшими панагийские предметы, металла из разных источников.

The paper publishes the results of the analysis of objects made of non-ferrous metal from the excavations of the Late Bronze Age settlement of Panagia I employing the XRF method. The analyzed sample includes 19 objects and is divided into 3 categories: weapons and tools, jewelry and unidentifiable fragments. The items are madeoftin, tin-lead and arsenic bronze, as well as «pure copper». The results of the study show a variety of alloys, their multicomponent nature and the presence of «pure» copper products, which may indicate that the craftsmen who made the Panagia objects used metal from different sources.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ДРЕВНЕРУССКИХ СЕРЕБРЯНЫХ ЗЕРНЕНЫХ УКРАШЕНИЙ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СТРОЕНИЯ БУСИН ИЗ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ РУСИ
Authors: Гурьева П.В. , Коваленко Е.С. , Подурец К.М. , Шалявина Н.Б. , Терещенко Е.Ю. , Зайцева И.Е. , Яцишина Е.Б.
Published: February 2025

Впервые проведено рентгенотомографическое исследование древнерусских бусин и бусинных височных колец X–XII вв. с проволочными и сплошными каркасами, декорированных зернью из новейших полевых работ Института археологии РАН на памятниках Северо-Восточной Руси. Полученные данные позволили визуализировать особенности конструкции бусин, детализировать способы крепежа гранул зерни на корпусе бусин, в частности, выявить области сохранившегося припоя на всех бусинах. Обращает на себя внимание использование припоя на всех изучен ных изделиях, включая бусину, по внешнему виду определенную как имитацию зерни. Близкие размеры использованных проволок в изделиях из различных поселений позволяют предположить наличие стандартных инструментов для их изготовления.

For the first time an X-ray tomographic study of medieval beads and beaded temporal rings of the 10–12 centuries with granulation from the latest field work of the Institute of Archaeology of RAS on the rural sites of Northeastern Rus' was carried out. The data obtained provided an opportunity to visualize specific features of the bead composite structure, work out in detail techniques of adhering granules to the metal sur face of the bead bodies, especially, identify where the preserved solders were positioned in all beads.
НЕОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОГРЕБЕНИЕ ПО ОБРЯДУ КРЕМАЦИИ НА ПОБЕРЕЖЬЕ БУХТЫ ШИДА (ОЗЕРО БАЙКАЛ)
Authors: Кичигин Д.Е. , Коростелев А.М. , Харинский А.В.
Published: February 2025

В 2023 г. отрядом Иркутского национального исследовательского техни ческого университета (ИРНИТУ) проведены раскопки комплекса № 3 могильника неолита – раннего бронзового века Онтхэ 1. Под каменной конструкцией округлой формы зафиксирована могильная яма, заполненная камнями красновато-малиново го окраса и грунтом с включением золы и угольков. На дне ямы обнаружен сопрово дительный археологический материал (тесло из сланца, галька-отбойник, нож-би фас из кварцита, скребок на отщепе из кремня и керамический сосуд, украшенный пунктирно-гребенчатым орнаментом) в разбросанном состоянии. Человеческих останков и других фрагментов кости в результате раскопок не обнаружено, в свя зи с чем осложнялось определение типологической принадлежности раскопанного объекта. Целью статьи является введение в научный оборот материалов раскопан ного комплекса, его культурно-хронологическая и типологическая интерпретация. На основании сравнительно-типологического анализа археологического материала, топографических и конструктивных особенностей комплекса можно предположить, что раскопанная кладка является погребением, совершенным по обряду кремации непосредственно в могильной яме, и соотносится с серовской погребальной тра дицией позднего неолита Приольхонья, что соответствует началу IV – середине III тыс. до н. э.

In 2023 a group of archaeologists from Irkutsk National Research Techni cal University conducted excavations of complex No. 3 at Ontkhe 1, which is a cemetery dating to the Neolithic – Early Bronze Age. The stone structure of a rounded shape was made up of stones placed in one layer over the soil. A man-made pit was discovered un der the stone layer. In the infill stones of red color, ashes and charcoals were recorded. On the bottom of the pit archaeological material was discovered, namely, a chisel made of slatestone; a pebble hammerstone; a knife (biface) made of quartzite; a flint end-scraper on flake; and a ceramic vessel decorated with dotted line – combed decoration. The arti facts were scattered over the bottom. No human remains and other bone fragments were found during the excavations, which makes typological interpretation of the association difficult. The purpose of the article is to introduce the materials of the excavated complex into scientific circulation, parallel with its cultural, chronological and typological interpre tation. Based on a comparative typological analysis of the archaeological material, topo graphical and structural features of the association, it was established that the excavated con struction is a burial performed according to the cremation rite directly in the grave pit 20 Д. Е. Кичигин и др. and is related to the Serovo burial tradition of the Late Neolithic Olkhon region which corresponds to the early 4th – middle of the 3rd millennia BC.