bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of multifunctional flame-retardant coating of cotton fabrics for electrical Insulating applications
Authors: Abdelkhalik Aksam , Makhlouf Ghada , Ameen Heba , El-Gamal Abear Abdullah
Published: September 2023

Cotton fabric (CF) was coated with a new multifunctional flame-retardant system consisting of melamine phosphate (MP) and nickel (II) dimethylglyoxime (NDMG). The new coating was applied to enhance the flame retardancy, antibacterial activity, thermal stability, color strength, UV protection, and electrical properties of CF. The weight percentages of NDMG and MP that led to the maximum improvement in CF properties were identified. According to vertical and horizontal flammability tests, coating the fabric with 29%MP/1%NDMG prevented flame propagation in the samples. Moreover, it increased the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of CF from 17.9% to 36.9%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data presented that the MP/NDMG coating enhanced the char residue at 750°C. Antimicrobial investigations indicated that the coating 29%MP/1%NDMG reduced the growth of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. UV shielding and color strength (K/S) results revealed that coated fabrics had excellent UV protection (UPF > 175) and enhanced K/S values. The tensile strength of CF was slightly decreased after the coating process. The dielectric constant (ε`), the dielectric loss (ε``), and AC electrical resistivity ([Formula: see text]) with frequency (10-106 Hz) were also investigated. The electrical resistivity increased significantly after adding MP and NDMG to the CFs. The coated sample (23%MP/7%NDMG) showed the best dielectric properties, with a low dielectric constant of 2.6 and [Formula: see text] of 1.40E+10 Ω.cm at 1000 Hz.
Stability and compatibility of intraperitoneal antimicrobials in peritoneal dialysate solutions
Authors: Lewis Susan J , Alves Brandon , Ratnam Shobha , Churchwell Mariann D
Published: September 2023

To optimise antimicrobial administration in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis, healthcare providers need literature-based information to develop patient-centred pharmacotherapeutic plans. Traditional PD solutions promote osmosis using dextrose or icodextrin with a lactate buffer. Newer PD solutions have modified the osmotic vehicle and buffer. Knowledge of antimicrobial compatibility and stability with newer PD solutions will assist with determining the route of antimicrobial administration as compatible and stable solutions could be delivered directly to the peritoneum using intraperitoneal administration. This review updates the compatibility and stability of antimicrobial additives in newer PD solutions for PD-related peritonitis.
Collective agency and positive political theory
Authors: Moen Lars J. K.
Published: September 2023

Positive political theorists typically deny the possibility of collective agents by understanding aggregation problems to imply that groups are not rational decision-makers. This view contrasts with List and Pettit’s view that such problems actually imply the necessity of accounting for collective agents in explanations of group behaviour. In this paper, I explore these conflicting views and ask whether positive political theorists should alter their individualist analyses of groups like legislatures, political parties, and constituent assemblies. I show how we fail to appreciate the significance of strategic voting and agenda control by treating groups as agents. I, therefore, conclude that positive political theorists should cling to their individualist approach and maintain that groups are not agents.
Improving surface integrity of electrical discharge machined ultra-fined grain Al-2017 by applying RC-type generator
Authors: Mahdieh Mohammad Sajjad
Published: September 2023

Ultra-fined grain materials are thermodynamically unstable and they are prone to microstructural changes by small external energy. Electrical discharge machining is a thermo-electrical process that erodes the surface of the workpiece by melting and vaporizing the surface layers. During electrical discharge machining of the ultra-fined grain materials, recast layer, and heat-affected zone are formed on the surface layers of the workpiece, having several adverse effects, such as microstructural changes, grains growth, alternation of hardness, micro-cracks and changing the compositions. These effects result in losing the unique properties of the ultra-fined grain materials. Using an RC-type generator in the electrical discharge machining process, decreases the discharge duration, and therefore, instead of melting and vaporization, electrostatic forces remove the material properly. Eventually, the thickness of the recast layer and the heat-affected zone is decreased considerably. In this study, the effects of using an RC-type generator in the electrical discharge machining process on the ultra-fined grain aluminum samples are investigated and the results in roughing mode and finishing mode are compared with normal electrical discharge machining. The results show that by applying an RC-type generator, the thickness of the recast layer and heat-affected zone, the cracks density, the micro-hardness changes, and the surface roughness are tangibly decreased, and the surface quality is improved
Weight gain and metabolic disturbances in people living with HIV who start antiretroviral therapy with, or switch to, bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide after 48 weeks of treatment: A real-world prospective study
Authors: Mata Marín José Antonio , Velasco-Penagos Juan Carlos , Mauss Stefan , Rodriguez-Evaristo Mara Soraya , Pérez-Barragán Edgar , Villa-Platas Joaquín , Barragán-Huerta Laura , Gaytán-Martínez Jesús Enrique
Published: September 2023

Background

People living with HIV (PLWH) starting or switching to an integrase strand transfer inhibitor-based regimen are more likely to experience weight gain than other classes of antiretroviral regimens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the weight gain and metabolic disturbances in PLWH who start antiretroviral therapy (ART) with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and in individuals who switch from another ART to BIC/FTC/TAF after 48 weeks.

Methods

A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in an HIV clinic in Mexico. Weight and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks. A paired t test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were applied to evaluate weight and metabolic changes.

Results

160 participants completed measurements, median age was 29 (IQR 26-32) and 30 (IQR 27–34) years old for the treatment-naïve and switch group respectively. In the treatment-naïve group, mean weight change was 3.8 kg (±5.8) ( p < .001) and BMI increased 1.3 kg/m2 (±2) ( p < .001) at 48 weeks. Incidence of BMI >25 kg/m2 was 28% (95%CI; 18%–40%) and BMI >30 kg/m2 was 7% (95%CI; 2%–16%) at 48 weeks in treatment-naïve individuals. In the switch group, mean weight gain and BMI change at 48 weeks was 2.8 kg (±5.9) and 0.9 kg/m2 (±2.0) respectively ( p < .001). Incidence of BMI >25 kg/m2 was 17% (95%CI; 8%–32%) and BMI >30 kg/m2 12.8% (95%CI; 5%–26%) at 48 weeks respectively.

Conclusions

Weight gain should be considered when men PLWH are treated with BIC/FTC/TAF regimen. They should be informed about this possible adverse event and strategies of intervention.
Review of electric vehicle (EV) charging using renewable solar photovoltaic (PV) nano grid
Authors: Satheesh Kumar S , Ashok Kumar B , Senthilrani S
Published: September 2023

This review article gives a comprehensive review of existing research on renewable solar photovoltaic (PV) nanogrid, which is described from small-scale power system with a single domain for reliability, control, and power quality (PQ) for electric vehicle (EV) charging. A primary feeder on the Microgrid is connected to a nanogrid test bed that includes PV as power source, a battery energy storage system (BESS), smart-inverter multiple and EV charging stations (EVCS). The control algorithms are graded on four metrics: (1) voltage profiles, (2) renewable penetration, (3) PV curtailed and (4) net power flows. To investigate the local power quality, a steady-state power flow model of the nano-grid is created. The control algorithms successfully employ the battery to shift the nano-grid peak load while limiting the nano-grid demand to set level. Furthermore, an increasing emphasis is being placed on commonly used strategies for addressing the characteristics of each renewable system. This review paper characterizes the dynamic operation of 4 distinct BESS control algorithms for solar EV charging nanogrid: (1) peak load shifting, (2) reduce peak period impact, (3) cap demand, and (4) photovoltaic capture. These control modes are executed and analyzed on real-world nano-grid site, and optimal BESS control modes are assessed in terms of (1) solar electric vehicle charging, (2) power quality, (3) grid net demand, (4) photovoltaic curtailment, and (5) solar penetration. Finally, the problems highlight research gaps, and discussions on future trends are critical for enhancing the general technology of the renewable solar photovoltaic nano-grid for EV charging.
Synthesis and properties of a nonionic water-based epoxy curing agent
Authors: Guo Tao , Youhui Xu , Ziran Chen , Fan Yang , Jiexue Wang , Bo Chang , Congdi Chen , Tao Han
Published: September 2023

Owing to the requirement for environmental protection, water-based coatings have become a significant trend in the development of coatings. The water-based epoxy curing agent has also become a hot research topic. In this study, a B-A-B epoxy compound with a long hydrophobic alkyl chain connected to the intermediate nitrogen atom was synthesized at both ends of a molecule using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and 3,4-dimethoxyaniline as raw materials. Subsequently, the epoxy compound was sealed with triethylenetetramine. A nonionic, water-based epoxy resin curing agent with amino groups at both ends of the molecule was prepared. The target product structure was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (IR), Mass spectrum (MS), and Nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Additionally, through three factors and three levels of orthogonal experimental design, the optimum experimental conditions were confirmed, the optimum yield was 82.83%. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the monomer exhibited a significant weight loss in the temperature range of 320–450°C. The pencil hardness, flexibility, and impact resistance of the waterborne epoxy resin coating film prepared by the non-ionic water-based epoxy curing agent reached or exceeded those of similar products at China and foreign countries.
A computational study of the calendering processes using Oldroyd 8-constant fluid with slip effects
Authors: Javed Muhammad A , Asghar Zeeshan , Atif Hafiz Muhammad , Nisar Mehreen
Published: September 2023

The analyses of the calendering processes using Oldroyd 8-constant fluid model with the non-linear slip condition effects are discussed in this paper. To model the flow equations for the study of calendering, we utilized the conservation of mass, momentum equations, and Oldroyd 8-constant model. The final equations are reduced into fourth order differential equations by utilizing lubrication approximation theory (LAT). MATLAB’s built-in function bvp4c is employed to calculate the stream function and the fluid velocity. Furthermore, pressure gradient, pressure, and mechanical quantities of calendering processes are obtained by fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The effects of the slip and material parameters of Oldroyd 8-constant fluid on the physical quantities related to calendering are illustrated via graphical figures. The presence of slip is resistive to length of contract and pressure distribution. On the other hand the pressure showed the increasing trend with increase the value of material parameter ([Formula: see text]). The engineering quantity such as force function show decreasing with increase the values of the slip parameter K. As evident from the study, the material parameters play a crucial role in controlling the pressure, thereby influencing the final sheet thickness and separating force. With an increase in the material parameter [Formula: see text], both the sheet thickness and roll-separating force show a corresponding increase.
Does National Health Protection Cover the Vulnerable Groups in Indonesia? A Case Study of Waste Pickers in Surabaya
Authors: Windi Yohanes Kambaru , Livingstone Charles , Whittaker Andrea
Published: September 2023

The National Health Protection (NHP) of Indonesia is a pro-poor social health insurance as the government pays the monthly premium for the poor. A waste picker is classified as an urban poor group needing affordable or free access to health care. This study explores the extent to which the NHP protects the health of waste pickers and provides them with quality health care. For this mixed-method study, 342 waste pickers completed the survey, 40 engaged in interviews, and 15 participated in Natural Group Discussions. The study found that 20% of waste pickers were not enrolled in NHP due to issues such as incorrect validation of poverty, discrimination, illegal fees, nepotism, unaffordable premiums, and lack of interest in purchasing the health plan. Among those who were enrolled, waste pickers expressed satisfaction with the health care they received and the behavior of the staff. However, they did criticize certain aspects such as waiting times, service gaps between full-paying and subsidized patients, suspicion of the quality of medicines, complicated medical administration procedures, and inflexibility of the capitation system. The study concludes that despite the NHP, poor groups remain vulnerable to accessing free health care.
The Fair Fight to Dismantle Voter Suppression: Recognizing Electoral Injustice Through Lived Experiences
Authors: Dorpenyo Isidore Kafui
Published: September 2023

Using narrative inquiry to analyze the Fair Fight website, this article illuminates how localized lived experience becomes an important tool to fight electoral injustice. The author provides an assemblage of narratives from disenfranchised voters to argue that although election technologies and processes (e.g., address systems, voter registration, absentee or mail-in ballots, voter queues), poll workers, and officials may seem neutral or apolitical, they can potentially be tools of disenfranchisement.
Accuracy of a Patient-Specific Total Ankle Arthroplasty Instrumentation
Authors: April Pierre-Marc , Locke Eric , Champagne Philippe-Hugo , Angers Magalie , Martinez-Gomez Adriana Patricia , Seidel Angela , Jibri Zaid , Lalonde Karl-Andre , Meulenkamp Brad
Published: September 2023

Background:

Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is a preferred surgical option for end-stage ankle osteoarthritis; however, it is a demanding procedure with a higher historical rate of revision compared with ankle fusion. Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has been introduced to optimize prosthesis alignment and theoretically overall improve TAA outcomes. The goal of this study is to report on the experience and surgical outcomes of one implant with specific evaluation of the accuracy and reproducibility of the system with respect to prosthesis alignment and prediction of implant size.

Methods:

A retrospective, multicentered study involving 4 foot and ankle fellowship–trained orthopaedic surgeon’s patients undergoing TAA between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, using the PROPHECY PSI system.

Results:

80 TAA procedures were performed. On average the postoperative tibial component alignment was 89.9 (range, 86.1-96.5) degrees in the coronal plane, with a mean sagittal alignment of 88.1 (range, 81.3-96.7) degrees. The mean deviation from neutral sagittal alignment improved from 4.9 ± 3.9 degrees preoperatively to 2.7 ± 1.7 degrees postoperatively, whereas the mean coronal alignment improved from 3.3 ± 2.5 degrees to 1.3 ± 1.1 degrees. The PSI software correctly determined the tibial implant size in 70 patients (89%). Prediction of talar implant sizing was less accurate than the tibial component, with 56 patients (71%) using the predicted sized implant. The overall implant survival at a mean follow-up of 45 months (range, 27-76) was 97.5%.

Conclusion:

We found that this PSI system accurately and reliably assisted in implant total ankle prosthesis positioning within a clinically acceptable margin and without significant outliers. Prediction of implant size was not as accurate as component orientation.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective study.
Cancer Screening Rates Among Asian Americans: A Cross-Sectional Secondary Data Analysis Study
Authors: Lei Fang , Lee Eunice
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aims 1) to investigate recent cancer screening rates among Asian Americans and 2) to test the relationship between race/ethnicity and cancer screening rates.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional secondary data analysis study using data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey. The screening rates of prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer among non-Hispanic (NH) Asian Americans, Hispanics, NH Whites, NH African Americans, and NH American Indian and Alaska Natives (AIAN) were analyzed in July 2022. The variables were recoded and analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square test. The SPSS version 27 software was used.

Results

Descriptive analysis showed a general low screening rate of cancers among Asian Americans, which ranged from 40.5% to 67.5%. The chi-square test suggested significant associations between race/ethnicity and the screening rates of colorectal cancer ( P = .002), cervical cancer ( P < .01), and breast cancer ( P = .021), but not the prostate cancer ( P = .472).

Conclusion

Necessary intervention programs should be designed to increase the uptake rates of cancer screening among Asian Americans.
Development and Validation of Tumor Marker Indices in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Yin Xin , Wang Hao , Fang Tianyi , Gao Jialiang , Zhu Ziyu , Li Chunfeng , Wang Yufei , Wang Xibo , Lu Zhanfei , Wu Junpeng , Wang Yimin , Zhang Yao , Xue Yingwei
Published: September 2023

Background

Tumor markers (TMs) are important for the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). However, the prognostic importance of the tumor marker index (TMI) based on GC-specific TMs for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) still needs to be further explored.

Methods

We retrospectively examined patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery between February 2014 and June 2016 at the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University. The patients were divided into training and validation groups. TMI was determined as the geometric mean of the standard cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Patient overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Independent prognosis-associated risk factors were identified using Cox hazard regression models. A nomogram model incorporating TMI and clinicopathological factors was developed, and its performance was evaluated using a decision curve analysis, concordance index, and calibration plots.

Results

In the TMI training cohort, the cutoff value was set at .439, categorizing patients into TMI-High and TMI-Low groups. The 5-year survival rate in the TMI-Low group significantly surpassed that in the TMI-High group (78.2% vs 58.1% and 49.7 vs 41.6, P < .001). TMI emerged as an independent prognostic factor. The nomogram accurately predicted patient prognosis by using TMI and clinicopathological characteristics. Validation of the TMI in the independent cohort yielded satisfactory results.

Conclusion

The TMI constructed based on specific TMs associated with gastric cancer can offer a precise prognostic prediction for patients.
Differential Diagnostic Value of Machine Learning–Based Models for Embolic Stroke
Authors: Kuo HsunYu , Liu Tsai-Wei , Huang Yo-Ping , Chin Shy-Chyi , Ro Long-Sun , Kuo Hung-Chou
Published: September 2023

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) and atrial fibrillation (AF)-related stroke are two subtypes of acute embolic stroke with distinct lesion patterns on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and performance of DWI-based machine learning models for differentiating between CAT and AF-related stroke. Patients with CAT and AF-related stroke were enrolled. In this pilot study with a small sample size, DWI images were augmented by flipping and/or contrast shifting to build convolutional neural network (CNN) predicative models. DWI images from 29 patients, including 9 patients with CAT and 20 with AF-related stroke, were analyzed. Training and testing accuracies of the DWI-based CNN model were 87.1% and 78.6%, respectively. Training and testing accuracies were 95.2% and 85.7%, respectively, for the second CNN model that combined DWI images with demographic/clinical characteristics. There were no significant differences in sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC between two CNN models (all P = n.s.).

The DWI-based CNN model using data augmentation may be useful for differentiating CAT from AF-related stroke.
Evaluating cost savings in cytotoxic leftover management: A prospective study of vial sharing and dose rounding techniques in the Moroccan National Institute of Oncology
Authors: El Baraka Soumaya , Cherif Chefchaouni Ali , Bourdaime Aya , Ouedraogo Jean-Marie , Shytry Oumaima , Belahcen Mohammed-Jaouad , Rahali Younes
Published: September 2023

Objective

Most intravenous anticancer drugs are administered in a dose per unit area or body weight, if not promptly administered to another patient cytotoxic leftover would be destroyed. To contain wastage, low-cost measures are highly desirable to contain and reduce expenditures without impairing the quality of care. The objective of the study is to evaluate the cost saved through the use of the two cytotoxic waste management techniques implemented in National Institute of Oncology’s centralized chemotherapy preparation unit, vial sharing and dose rounding.

Method

A 6-month prospective single centre study from 1 February to 1 August 2023 at the National Institute of Oncology of Rabat in Morocco. The number of prepared preparations and amount of drug saved by both vial sharing and dose rounding was collected using the centralized chemotherapy preparation unit’s ‘leftover tracking file’, the corresponding cost saved were calculated and then compared for each technique and with 2018 results.

Results

In total, 18,218 preparations were considered in the 6-month study. With the vial sharing technique 636,524.5 mg were saved corresponding to 246,031.4 (USD) saved cost, against 212,838.4 mg by dose rounding corresponding to 75,598.5 (USD) saved cost. This saving corresponded to a total of 321,629.4 (USD). Compared to the 2018 results leftovers costs saved by vial sharing corresponded to 289,972.05 (USD) by vial sharing technique for 1-year extrapolated period, and this study shows a saved cost of 321,629.9 (USD) by both vial sharing and dose rounding techniques.

Conclusion

Dose rounding technique combined with vial sharing allowed National Institute of Oncology’s centralized chemotherapy preparation unit to limit expensive cytotoxic cost wastage, highlighting these technique benefits.
Factor Analysis With Unusual Sexual Interests: A Replication Study in a Representative Population Sample
Authors: Schippers Eveline E. , Smid Wineke , Hoogsteder Larissa , de Vogel Vivienne
Published: September 2023

A previous study found a variety of unusual sexual interests to cluster in a five-factor structure, namely submission/masochism, forbidden sexual activities, dominance/sadism, mysophilia, and fetishism ( Schippers et al., 2021 ). The current study was an empirical replication to examine whether these findings generalized to a representative population sample. An online, anonymous sample ( N = 256) representative of the Dutch adult male population rated 32 unusual sexual interests on a scale from 1 (very unappealing) to 7 (very appealing). An exploratory factor analysis assessed whether similar factors would emerge as in the original study. A subsequent confirmatory factor analysis served to confirm the factor structure. Four slightly different factors of sexual interest were found: extreme, illegal and mysophilic sexual activities; light BDSM without real pain or suffering; heavy BDSM that may include pain or suffering; and illegal but lower-sentenced and fetishistic sexual activities. The model fit was acceptable. The representative replication sample was more sexually conservative and showed less sexual engagement than the original convenience sample. On a fundamental level, sexual interest in light BDSM activities and extreme, forbidden, and mysophilic activities seem to be relatively separate constructs.
Association between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio and osteoporosis: An analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014
Authors: Zhou Fushan , Wu Liyong , Shen Guizhou , Chen Xintan , Liu Chaoyang , Huang Dongqin , Li Mingmei , Xie Chengwei , Zhan Ruyu
Published: September 2023

The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio) was proposed as a marker of atherosclerosis. Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis share common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the relationship between monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio and osteoporosis. Participants aged ≥50 years with complete bone mineral density (BMD), monocyte, and HDL-C examination data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014 were included. Descriptive analysis was performed separately according to males and females. Weight linear regression and weight logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the association between the monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio and BMD and osteopenia and osteoporosis and vertebral fracture. A total of 1804 participants were included. Among the participants with osteopenia, 398 (48.31%) were males and 466 (51.91%) were females. Among those with osteoporosis, 38 (2.77%) were males and 95 (9.50%) were females. In females, monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (regression coefficient (β) = −0.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): (−0.29, −0.07)) and high monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was associated with higher odds of osteopenia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% CI: (1.01, 1.47)) and osteoporosis (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: (1.13, 2.49)) after adjusting for confounders. In males, only monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio >0.35 was observed to be associated with higher odds of osteoporosis (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: (1.02, 3.79)). Stratified analyses showed that similar results were also found in different populations. This study showed that the monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was negatively associated with BMD and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females. The monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio may be a new marker of osteoporosis or osteopenia.
Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of septic arthritis of the native hip joint: a 20-year retrospective review
Authors: Burdick Gabriel B , Maier Lindsay M , Kuhlmann Noah A , Ayoola Ayooluwa S , Fathima Bushra , Muh Stephanie J
Published: September 2023

Background:

The primary purpose of this retrospective case series was to describe the prevalence and outcomes of single-stage hip arthroplasty in patients who were previously treated for septic arthritis of the native hip at our institution over a 20-year period. This study also examined rates of persistent or recurrent infection, reoperation, and mortality for septic arthritis of the native hip.

Methods:

Adult patients treated for septic arthritis of the native hip at our institution from 1995 to 2015 were retrospectively identified. Exclusion criteria included age <18 years, missing or incomplete medical records, treatment at an outside institution, and prior surgery of the hip.

Results:

97 patients were included in this study. 3 patients (3.1%) who were previously treated for septic arthritis of the native hip underwent single-stage hip arthroplasty an average of 40 ± 25 months from the date of infection. 3 of the 18 (16.7%) patients who were treated with resection arthroplasty underwent second-stage joint reconstruction. There were no cases of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). 1 patient who underwent single-stage arthroplasty experienced implant-induced metallosis, necessitating removal of the implant. There were no other cases of revision arthroplasty.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of single-stage hip arthroplasty in patients with a history of septic arthritis of the native hip joint was 3.1%, which is higher than the prevalence of hip arthroplasty in the United States general population, suggesting that a history of septic arthritis may increase the risk of requiring hip arthroplasty. In the small number of patients who went on to receive a hip replacement, there were no reported cases of PJI. This study suggests that hip arthroplasty is a viable option for patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis and a history of septic arthritis of their hip.
The decomposition of tourism demand and tourism receipts
Authors: Balli Faruk , Do Hung , Uqaili Hina
Published: September 2023

We examine the effect of the decomposition of tourist demand on tourism receipts. We find that tourists from OECD economies or from countries that have strong trade connections with the host economy tend to spend more money in emerging economies. However, tourists from countries that have sociocultural or geographic linkages, such as sharing the same border, having the same religion or language, or have the same ethnicity as those in the host country, tend to spend less money.
Kaleidoscope of emotions in hospital childbirth: A phenomenological study
Authors: Pereda-Goikoetxea Beatriz , Huitzi-Egilegor Joseba Xabier , Uranga-Iturrioz María Jose , Mujika Agurtzane , Elordi-Guenaga Udane , Elorza-Puyadena María Isabel
Published: September 2023

The childbirth process represents a moment of transition in the life of each woman, and is a source of complex and dynamic emotions. The aim of this study was to describe the emotions women experience during hospital childbirth and to determine the conditioning factors. A qualitative prospective study with a phenomenological approach was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 42 women. The negative emotions the women highlighted were fear, anguish, suffering, concern and nervousness, and they were related to factors such as: the evolution of childbirth, the appearance of complications, pain, the doubt about the ability to give birth and poor communication. The positive emotions highlighted were joy, satisfaction, security, confidence and tranquillity, and they were related to the first skin-to-skin contact, effective communication, partner support and participation in decisions. The findings may contribute to the development of policies aimed at achieving the women and newborns’ maximum health and life potential.
Transitioning from paediatric to adult healthcare: Exploring the practices and experiences of care providers
Authors: Splane Jennifer , Doucet Shelley , Luke Alison
Published: September 2023

Complex paediatric health conditions are increasingly associated with survival into adulthood resulting in more youth with complex care needs (CCN) transitioning from paediatric to adult healthcare. Current transition practices, when present, are disorganized, resulting in health status deterioration and complications due to unmet needs. The aim of this qualitative descriptive study is to develop a broader understanding of the current transition practices and experiences, as well as recommendations of care providers who support youth with CCN in the transition from paediatric to adult healthcare. Fifteen care providers from two Eastern Canadian provinces were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The data collected were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis following the six phases outlined by Braun and Clarke (2006). The findings from this research demonstrate (1) a shortage of care providers, (2) inconsistent timing for transition initiation, and (3) lack of available community resources and services. Participant recommendations include (1) a designated transition coordinator; (2) transition policy implementation; (3) improved collaboration between and across care teams; and (4) the integration of virtual care to facilitate the transition process. The results of this study can potentially improve transition practices and policies and guide future research in this area.
Unlocking the dual impact: Human capital's influence on mean and variability in new venture performance
Authors: Sinha Kanhaiya K , Osiyevskyy Oleksiy
Published: September 2023

Existing studies of new venture founders’ human capital (e.g. industry work experience, past venture experience, and education) reveal its impact on the expected mean of firm performance, largely neglecting its possible nontrivial effect on performance variability. This study is an attempt to fill this gap. By drawing on the insights of the behavioral theory of the firm, we argue that the aspirations bred by the founders’ human capital are associated with new venture performance variability. Using a multiplicative heteroscedasticity regression model, we find that work experience increases performance variability without increasing the performance mean. In contrast, past venture experience positively affects the firm's mean performance without affecting variability. Education increases performance variability while decreasing the performance mean. We also find that having patents and venture capital funding affects both the mean and the performance variability, albeit in opposite directions.
The Prevalence of Sexual Assault Among Higher Education Students: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses
Authors: Steele Bridget , Martin Mackenzie , Sciarra Alessandra , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Degli Esposti Michelle , Humphreys David K.
Published: September 2023

Sexual assault among higher education students has detrimental impacts on the health and educational outcomes of survivors. This systematic review aims to describe and synthesize the available quantitative evidence on sexual assault prevalence among this population. We searched Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ERIC, and CINAHL for studies published in English, French, Italian, and Spanish from database inception to August 2020 (updated May 2022). We screened studies using prespecified inclusion criteria for the population and context (registered higher education students), condition (self-reported sexual assault), and study design (quantitative survey). The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess study quality. Prevalence estimates disaggregated by type of sexual assault, gender identity, and world region were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model and reported following PRISMA guidance. We identified 131 articles, from 21 different countries. The meta-analyzed prevalence of sexual assault was 17.5% for women, 7.8% for men, and 18.1% for transgender and gender diverse people. Four types of sexual assault were identified: rape, attempted rape, forced sexual touching, and coercive sex. Forced sexual touching was the most common act experienced. The African Region had the highest prevalence estimates for women’s sexual assault, and the Western Pacific region had the highest prevalence estimates for men’s sexual assault. Higher education institutions, especially those outside of the United States, should commit to the implementation of surveys to monitor sexual assault prevalence and dedicate increased resources to supporting student survivors of sexual assault.
Directional Atherectomy With Antirestenotic Therapy Versus PTA/Supera Stenting for Popliteal Artery Lesions: A Propensity-Matched Analysis
Authors: San Norberto Enrique M. , Revilla Álvaro , Brizuela José Antonio , Díez Manuel , Taylor James H. , Riera del Moral Luis F.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

This study examines the use and impact of directional atherectomy with antirestenotic therapy (DAART) versus angioplasty plus Supera stent implantation on the outcomes during endovascular treatment of popliteal lesions in clinical practice.

Methods:

Overall 143 consecutive patients (mean age 75.0±12.2 years, 72% male), with isolated atherosclerotic disease of the popliteal artery who underwent endovascular treatment using DAART therapy or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)/Supera stenting of the popliteal artery between January 2016 and December 2021 were identified from a retrospectively database. Patient and plaque characteristics were collected. A propensity-score matched, case-control analysis was conducted to balance covariates between the group of patients who underwent DAART and the one treated by PTA/Supera stenting.

Results:

A total of 51 patients (35.7%) showed severe claudication and 92 (64.3%) critical limb ischemia. There was a trend toward longer treated lesions (90.4±81 vs 72.5±5.3 mm, p=0.089) and more chronic total occlusions (60.5% vs 46.8%, p=0.058) in the PTA/Supera stenting group, although not reaching statistically significance. Moderate-to-severe calcification was present in most lesions treated (75.8% of DAART group, 80.2% of PTA/Supera stenting group, and 78.3% of total cohort). Among the 53 case-matched pairs of patients treated with DAART or PTA/Supera stenting, there were no significant differences in short-term outcomes, including rate of technical success (96.2% vs 98.1%, p=0.232), procedural success (88.7% vs 90.1%, p=0.251), distal embolization (1.9% vs 1.9%, p=0.178), dissection (5.7% vs 1.9%, p=0.268), perforation (3.8% vs 5.6%, p=0.163), hospital discharge (1.2±0.1 vs 1.0±0.1, p=0.325), 30 day minor (28.3% vs 32.1%, p=0.264) or major amputation rates (7.5% vs 3.8%, p=0.107), and 30 day mortality (1.9% vs 1.9%, p=0.173). At 1 year, there was no difference in primary patency (73.6% vs 77.4%, p=0.233), primary assisted patency (81.3% vs 84.9%, p=0.167), secondary patency (86.8% vs 92.5%, p=0.094), ipsilateral minor (35.8% vs 39.6%, p=0.472) or major amputation (9.4% vs 7.5%, p=0.186), ankle brachial index improvement (0.32±0.12 vs 0.37±0.37, p=0.401), or mortality (5.7% vs 5.7%, p=0.121) rate between patients who underwent DAART or PTA/Supera stenting for popliteal lesions.

Conclusion:

Twelve-month results following DAART technique or PTA/Supera stenting of atherosclerotic lesions of the popliteal artery are not different, regardless of patient and plaque characteristics.

Clinical Impact

The DAART technique for the treatment of popliteal artery atherosclerotic disease is presented as a “leave nothing behind” strategy with on-year clinical outcomes similar to ATP/Supera stenting.
The Role of Location, Length, and Thickness of the Intimal Flap in the Propagation of Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection Based on Ex Vivo Porcine Aorta Models
Authors: Wang Shuangjing , Jia Heyue , Xi Yifu , Yuan Pengfei , Wu Mingwei , Guo Wei , Chen Duanduan , Xiong Jiang
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

To explore the role of location, length, and thickness of the intimal flap in the propagation of Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD) based on ex vivo porcine aorta models based on ex vivo porcine aorta models.

Materials and Methods:

The porcine aortas were harvested and randomly divided into 6 groups to create various TBAD aortic models. We constructed intimal flaps for different locations (group A [entry tear on outer curvature] and group B [entry tear on inner curvature]), lengths (group C [long] and group D [short]), and thicknesses (group E [thick] and group F [thin]). For the ex vivo perfusion experiments conducted on model aortas, an experimental circulation loop (ECL) was employed. The pressure in false lumen (FL) was constantly monitored. A comparison was made between the morphological data collected before and after the experiment to quantify the changes in the FL after the experiment.

Results:

Compared the results with group B, the mean peak pressures of the FL in group A were lower (106.87±15.55 vs. 124.01±22.75 mm Hg, p=0.028). The mean axial propagation length in group A was shown to be shorter than that of group B (88.14±33.38 vs. 197.43±41.65 mm, p<0.001). The mean peak pressure was higher in group C than in group D (144.04±19.37 vs. 92.51±26.70 mm Hg, p<0.001). The mean peak pressure of group E was higher than that of group F (160.83±32.83 vs. 109.33±15.62 mm Hg, p<0.001), as was the mean axial propagation length of group E (143.11±39.73 vs. 100.45±35.44 mm, p=0.021). According to the results of multivariable linear regression, axial propagation length=45.873–0.703×length of initial FL+0.863× peak pressure (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

There was a relationship between FL propagation and the location, length, and thickness of the intimal flap. The axial propagation length was related to the length of the intimal flap and the peak pressure of propagation. It may be helpful to evaluate the risk of propagation in patients with TBAD.

Clinical Impact

This study found that the locations, lengths, and thickness of the intimal flap significantly contributed to propagation pressure of FL. Using dissection flap characteristics, a physician can predict FL development in a patient and formulate a treatment plan.The purpose was to investigate the relationship between the dissection flap characteristics (location, length, and thickness) and the propagation of the FL, which is not clear at present. This study employed porcine models to create an experimental circulation loop. The perfusion experiment was conducted using a FL without distal re-entry and a non-pulsating flow.
Play and Misinformation: How America's Conspiracy Culture Became Gamified
Authors: Bortnick Justin A.
Published: September 2023

In this article, the author draws upon their own experience as a commercial alternate reality game designer and interviews with other working professionals, examining how the form moved from its origins as outsider art into the realm of commercial production and then beyond that as a tool of political influence. The article traces the long history of misinformation and conspiracy in American politics and demonstrates how the introduction of entertainment industry design methodologies has altered the production of disinformation campaigns. From Andrew Jackson and the New York Slave Conspiracy of 1741 through Gamergate and QAnon, the article argues that while conspiracy has always been a central part of American culture, the introduction of modern game design has altered the landscape, and that only by recognizing how our work as designers is being co-opted can we can begin to work to prevent additional social harms.
Design of three-roll bending machine tool and research on compensation algorithm
Authors: Liu Haoyuan , Sun Qun , Zhao Ying , Song Zhihao , Wang Jinghua
Published: September 2023

With the rapid development of profile processing industry, the processing shape, efficiency, and consistency of profiles are more and more demanding. In this case, the progress of bending machine tools was very important. In this study, the disadvantages and shortcomings of traditional three-roll bending machine are investigated, and a new design of three-roll bending machine is proposed, including a new mechanical structure, hydraulic pressure, and control system. ABAQUS was used to analyze the constrained mode of the table, and the first six order natural frequencies and natural vibration modes were obtained. A mathematical model was established to analyze the relationship between the pressure displacement and the forming radius under ideal working conditions, and the limit position of the downward movement of the lower press roll and the speed relationship between the lower press roll and the support roll are discussed. Based on the experimental data, the nonlinear curve fitting was carried out on the rebound compensation algorithm of asymmetric rolling bending forming. The fitting rebound compensation algorithm was carried out on the symmetric rolling bending forming experiment. The experimental results show that this algorithm can be applied to both symmetric rolling bending and asymmetric rolling bending.
Prediction of QCE using ANN and ANFIS for milling Alloy 2017A
Authors: Bousnina Kamel , Hamza Anis , Ben Yahia Noureddine
Published: September 2023

Population growth and economic development, particularly in developing market nations, are driving up global energy consumption at an alarming rate. Despite increased wealth, growing demand presents new obstacles. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tools are widely used in most metal machining processes due to their efficiency and repeatability in achieving high-precision machining. It has been shown that figuring out the best cutting parameters can improve the results of machining, leading to high efficiency and low costs. This study identifies and examines thoroughly the scientific contributions of the influence of strategies, machining sequences, and cutting parameters on surface quality, machining cost, and energy consumption (QCE) using artificial intelligence (ANN and ANFIS). The results show that the 3.10−3 architecture with the Bayesian Regularization (BR) algorithm is the optimal neural architecture that yields an overall mean square error (MSE) of 2.74 10−3. The correlation coefficients ( R2) for Etot, Ctot, and Ra are 0.9992, 1, and 0.9117 respectively. Similarly, for the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), the optimal structure which gives a better error and better correlation is the {2, 2, 2} structure, and this for the three output variables (Etot, Ctot, and Ra). The correlation coefficient ( R2) for the variables Etot, Ctot, and Ra are respectively 0.95, 0.965, and 0.968. The results show that the use of the Bayesian Regularization algorithm with a multi-criteria output response can give good results when compared with the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system.
Research on cyber-physical system models of downhole locomotive dispatching and fault
Authors: Ma Jinyu , Zheng Jianzhi , Li Boyun , Li Wenhong
Published: September 2023

Fault diagnosis is of great significance for the rapid recovery of the system after the accident. Intelligent dispatching among multiple controllers is developed in this work to improve the efficiency of downhole locomotive dispatching, finally realizing unmanned intelligent locomotive dispatching. The locomotive dispatching logic processing model of with signal lights, rutting machine, locomotives, and other equipment is established based on the model theory of Cyber-physical systems (CPS). The model tasks in this system are combined with the embedded controller tasks which make it convenient to optimize the logic processing procedures using Ptolemy II software. Our key findings indicate that the proposed model can make the locomotive dispatching process without deadlock and make the processing procedure more reasonable. Simulation and practical experiments demonstrate that the controller cooperation speed can be improved after the CPS model is built, which can realize safer and more effective automatic locomotive dispatching.