bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the issue of consumer protection
Authors: Умарова М.А.
Published: July 2024

В России защите прав потребителей всегда уделялось и уделяется огромное внимание. Однако вопросы изучения и совершенствования правой базы защиты прав потребителей не теряют своей актуальности по сегодняшний день. С развитием науки, техники, совершенствованием человека как индивидуума, появляется необходимость совершенствования и правовых основ охраны и защиты человека, как потребителя тех или иных товаров и (или) услуг, а потому законодательные акты Российской Федерации в указанной сфере постоянно совершенствуются (в них вносятся изменения). При этом, несмотря на вышесказанное, нередко на практике встречаются пробелы в законодательстве, приводящие к ухудшению качества оказания услуг потребителю, среди которых можно назвать неурегированность вопроса употребления продуктов в торговом зале до их оплаты. О целесообразности внесения в законодательные акты России подобных изменений (о плюсах, минусах и практической обоснованности) и пойдет речь в настоящей статье.

In Russia, the protection of consumer rights has always been and continues to be given great attention. However, the issues of studying and improving the legal framework for protecting consumer rights do not lose their relevance to this day. With the development of science, technology, and the improvement of man as an individual, there is a need to improve the legal framework for the protection and protection of man as a consumer of certain goods and (or) services, and therefore the legislative acts of the Russian Federation in this area are constantly being improved (amendments are made to them ).At the same time, despite the above, in practice there are often gaps in the legislation that lead to a deterioration in the quality of services provided to the consumer, among which is the unresolved issue of using products on the sales floor before paying for them. The advisability of introducing such changes to the legislative acts of Russia (the pros, cons and practical feasibility) will be discussed in this article.
Primary prevention as a tool for preventing cyber addictive behavior in children
Authors: Разер Т.М. , Попов П.М.
Published: July 2024

Проблема профилактики кибераддиктивных паттернов поведения обладает особой актуальностью в современных условиях тотальной цифровизации. Статья посвящена проблемам превенции киберзависимости у детей. Представлены результаты анализа отечественной и зарубежной практики в сфере профилактики кибераддиктивных паттернов поведения. Рассмотрены основные формы киберзависимого поведения и концептуальные основания и подходы к профилактике киберзависимости. Проанализированы основные модели и методы к первичной профилактике киберзависимых форм поведения у несовершеннолетних. В качестве ключевых моделей первичной профилактики киберзависимости у детей выделены: модель аффективного обучения; модель обучения жизненным навыкам; модель формирования здорового образа жизни; модель формирования медиаграмотности; модель альтернативной деятельности.

The problem of preventing cyberaddictive patterns of behavior is of particular relevance in modern conditions of total digitalization. The article is devoted to the problems of preventing cyber addiction in children. The results of the analysis of domestic and foreign practice in the field of prevention of cyberaddictive patterns of behavior are presented. The main forms of cyber-dependent behavior and the conceptual foundations and approaches to the prevention of cyber-dependence are considered. The main models and methods for the primary prevention of cyber-dependent behaviors in minors are analyzed. The key models of primary prevention of cyber dependence in children are: the model of affective learning; the model of life skills training; the model of healthy lifestyle formation; the model of media literacy formation; the model of alternative activities.
On the issue of the use of artificial intelligence in the production of investigative actions
Authors: Телигисова С.С. , Баянов А.Р.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье автором были рассмотрены основные понятия, связанные с искусственным интеллектом, а также его различные способы и методы использования при производстве следственных действий в процессе проведения предварительного расследования следователями, дознавателями.
Pre-trial settlement of claims in maritime law
Authors: Кляйн А.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы ответственности морского перевозчика, порядок предъявления претензий, примеры досудебного урегулирования.
Features of the carbon units market and the legal classification of carbon units in the EU’s countries
Authors: Строгова А.А.
Published: July 2024

Представленная статья содержит в себе анализ законодательства ЕС и стран-участник ЕС в отношении рынка углеродных единиц и правовой классификации углеродных единиц. В статье освещены отдельные вопросы торговли углеродными единицами на регулируемом и нерегулируемом рынках. В статье установлено, что правовая база ЕС в сфере регулирования углеродных единиц постоянно дополняется и совершенствуется, что является важным инструментом в борьбе против негативных климатических изменений, однако, несмотря на успешное развитие, в рассматриваемой области имеются недоработки и пробелы. В частности, в статье освещена проблема правовой классификации углеродных единиц в национальном законодательстве государств-членов ЕС, отражены различные подходы к данному вопросу. В рамках данной статьи были рассмотрены примеры правового регулирования рынка углеродных единиц и правовой классификации углеродных единиц в Германии, Франции, Бельгии и Италии в сравнении с опытом государств англо-саксонской правовой системы.
Online banking features and development prospects
Authors: Павлова О.Н.
Published: July 2024

Актуальность исследования обусловлена растущим интересом к онлайн-банкингу, увеличением числа банков, предлагающих дистанционные банковские услуги, а также повышением числа клиентов, желающих воспользоваться такими видами услуг. В результате цифровизации экономики, непрерывного развития технологий и увеличивающейся конкуренции в сфере онлайн-банкинга, банки вынуждены совершенствоваться в данном направлении с целью улучшения обслуживания клиентов, увеличения рентабельности и упрощения бизнес-процессов. Качество работы банка с клиентами определяется не только набором предоставляемых услуг, но и уровнем применения компьютерных и интернет-технологий, облегчающих взаимодействие между ними. Кроме того, банки и клиенты всё больше функционируют не только на региональном уровне, но и на международном. Это обусловлено минимальными затратами при максимальном комфорте и многообразии услуг.
Turnover of orphan drugs in Russia: retrospective analysis of legislation
Authors: Кузнецов В.В.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена анализу развития российского законодательства в сфере оборота орфанных лекарственных средств. Редкость заболеваний, для которых необходимы данные препараты, обуславливает возникновение проблемы их недостаточности. В отличие от востребованных препаратов орфанных лекарственные средства могут отсутствовать на российском рынке, в том числе по причине отсутствия необходимой документации. Проблема сохраняет актуальность на протяжении длительного времени, в том числе вследствие того, что существует уголовная ответственность за незаконный оборот сильнодействующих средств. Развитие общества и стабильность социально-экономической ситуации в государстве предопределяет появление внимания к лицам, страдающим орфанными заболеваниями, а также поиск путей совершенствования законодательства для целей обеспечения права на получение медицинской помощи каждому. Совокупный анализ развития российского права в динамике позволяет сделать вывод о том, что проблема оборота орфанных лекарств средств не может быть определена как решенная в нашем государстве, однако законодательство существенно изменено за прошедшие десятилетия, что позволяет в определенной мере удовлетворять потребности лиц с орфанными заболеваниями.
Approaches to the formation of the data economy
Authors: Медведева Н.В.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам формирования экономики данных как закономерного процесса социально-экономического развития и в контексте разработки национального проекта по формированию экономики данных. Определены условия и сущностные признаки экономики данных. Рассмотрены подходы к формированию экономики данных, связанные с возрастанием роли данных. Акцентировано внимание на вопросах продолжения реализации национальных проектов, тенденциях их развития, нерешенных и новых проблемах. Рассмотрен состав планируемых к разработке федеральных проектов, включаемых в национальный проект по формированию экономики данных, установлена преемственность с выработанной методикой формирования национальных проектов. Проанализирована новая модель управления национальными проектами на основе усиления межотраслевого взаимодействия. Определена необходимость взаимосвязи цифровизации экономики и экономки данных с приоритетами по достижению технологического суверенитета.
Features of situational factors in the change of mental state, depending on the level of reflection of students
Authors: Макарчева А.В.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье рассматривается специфика взаимоотношений уровня выраженности, направленности рефлексии, психических состояний и ситуативных факторов, встречающихся в процессе учебной деятельности у студентов. В ходе проведения эмпирического исследования были выявлены разные уровни развития рефлексии у студентов. Также, у каждой группы были рассмотрены основные факторы и ключевые параметры, которые в наибольшей степени оказывают влияние на изменение психического состояния в ситуациях учебной деятельности. Данные эмпирического исследования будут полезны при разработке психокоррекционных программ по регуляции психического состояния студентов в разных ситуациях учебной деятельности. Таким образом, рассмотрение особенностей ситуативных факторов при изменении психического состояния, с учетом уровня выраженности и направленности рефлексии, предстаёт актуальной темой для исследования.
سياسات الإعلان ودورها في زيادة الحصة السوقية: دراسة تطبيقية على مجموعة شركات صالح حسين آل سلامة بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: الغامدي بندر عبدالرحيم
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى إبراز دور السياسات الإعلانية في زيادة الحصة السوقية، بالإضافة إلى الدور الذي تحدثه أدوات جذب الجمهور ودوره في زيادة الحصة السوقية، وتأثير وسائل الإعلان على زيادة الحصة السوقية، بالإضافة إلى تحديد مدى اهتمام المؤسسة بالمبادئ الأساسية لتنظيم الأنشطة الإعلانية في زيادة الحصة السوقية، وتم تطبيق الدراسة في مجموعة شركات صالح حسين آل سلامة في المملكة العربية السعودية، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم استخدام الاستبانة أداة لجمع البيانات من عينة الدراسة والتي تكونت من (128) من العاملين في مجموعة شركات صالح حسين آل سلامة، تم اختيارهم بطريقة العينة القصدية، وتوصل البحث لعدة نتائج أهمها وجود علاقة دالة إحصائياً بين سياسات الإعلان وزيادة الحصة السوقية، وجود علاقة دالة إحصائياً بين المبادئ الأساسية لتنظيم الأنشطة الإعلانية وزيادة الحصة السوقية، توجد علاقة دالة إحصائياً بين أدوات جذب الجمهور المستهدف وزيادة الحصة السوقية، وأخيراً وجود علاقة دالة إحصائياً بين وسائل توزيع الإعلانات وزيادة الحصة السوقية، وأوصى البحث بضرورة الاعتماد على المبادئ الأساسية لتنظيم الأنشطة الإعلانية في اتخاذ القرارات في الوقت المناسب، وأن تساهم المبادئ الأساسية لتنظيم الأنشطة الإعلانية في توفير معلومات موضوعية وواقعية، وأخيراً يجب على الشركات الاعتماد على الإعلانات المرئية من أجل جذب الجمهور المستهدف.
دور القطاع الخاص في تطوير اقتصاديات وخدمات الحج والعمرة
Authors: هروبي إبراهيم أحمد
Published: July 2024

هدفت الدراسة الكشف عن دور القطاع الخاص في تطوير اقتصاديات وخدمات الحج والعمرة، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وتمثلت أداة الدراسة في استمارة استبيان واستمارة مقابلة تم تطبيقها على عينة مكونة من (120) مبحوث من العاملين بخدمة الحجاج بالقطاع الخاص. وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة الى عدم مقدرة القطاع الخاص بإمكانياته وخبراته الحالية على قيادة دفة العمل ويظهر ذلك واضحاً في تدني الخدمات وشكاوى الحجاج والمعتمرين. وارتفاع واضح وكبير في اسعار الخدمة مع التدني الواضح في الخدمات بعد دخول القطاع الخاص في تقديم الخدمات. عدم وجود الرقابة المحكمة والكافية على الوكالات العاملة في سوق الحج والعمرة ادى الى ضياع حقوق المعتمرين والحجاج. وأوصت النتائج بضرورة انشاء هيئة تجمع بين القطاع العام والخاص لتولي أمور الحجاج، والرفع من مستوى الخدمات.
واقع إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبد العزيز
Authors: الخنين حصة محمد , المشعل نورة حمد
Published: July 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرُّف على واقع إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبد العزيز بأبعادها (تنمية الكفاءات، والاحتفاظ بالكفاءات، والتعاقب الوظيفي) من وجهة نظر القيادات الأكاديمية، وإلقاء الضوء على معوقات إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبد العزيز من وجهة نظر القيادات الأكاديمية، والخروج بمقترحات للتغلُّب على معوقات إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبدالعزيز من وجهة نظر القيادات الأكاديمية، والكشف عن الفروق ذات الدِلالة الإحصائية بين المتوسطات الحسابية في استجابات عيِّنة الدراسة، حول واقع إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية (تنمية الكفاءات، والاحتفاظ بالكفاءات، والتعاقب الوظيفي) تُعزى لمتغيري (الخبرة، والرتبة العلمية). استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي بأسلوبه المسحي، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من القيادات الأكاديمية بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبدالعزيز (عُمداء ووُكلاء ورُؤساء أقسام) البالغ عددهم (٢٤٧) قائدًا في العام الدراسي ١٤٤٤هـ، واستخدمت الاستبانة أداةً للدراسة، وقد تمت معالجة البيانات إحصائيًّا باستخدام مجموعة من الأساليب الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (spss)، وتم استخدام المتوسطات الحسابية، والانحرافات المعيارية، واختبار التباين الأحادي، ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون واختبار أقل مربع الفرق. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج، أهمها: أن واقع إدارة الكفاءات بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبدالعزيز بأبعادها (تنمية الكفاءات، والاحتفاظ بالكفاءات، والتعاقب الوظيفي) من وجهة نظر القيادات جاء بمتوسط حسابي بلغ  (٢،٧٦) بدرجة متوسطة، وأظهرت النتائج أنّ إجمالي أفراد مجتمع الدراسة يوافقون بدرجة متوسطة على المعوقات التي تواجه إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية وكان من أبرز المعوقات: ضعف الحوافز التشجيعية للكفاءات الأكاديمية، كما أظهرت النتائج أنّ إجمالي أفراد مجتمع الدراسة يوافقون بدرجة عالية على الإجراءات المقترحة للتغلب على معوقات إدارة الكفاءات الأكاديمية.
Kidney involvement in rare hereditary diseases
Authors: Moiseev Sergey V. , Shilov Eugene M.
Published: July 2024

Various rare inherited disorders can be associated with kidney involvement, including glomerulopathies, tubulopathies, multiple cysts, congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract, urolithiasis, malignant and benign tumors. Genetic nephropathy should be always considered in children, adolescents and young patients with the kidneys or urinary tract disorders and/or patients with positive family anamnesis. Extrarenal manifestations can be a valuable clue for diagnosis of certain hereditary diseases, e.g. neurosensory deafness in Alport syndrome or photofobia in nephropathic cystinosis. Diagnosis of monogenic inherited diseases should be verified by genetic testing. Specific drugs are available for treatment of certain hereditary diseases involving kidney, e.g. Fabry disease, cystinosis, primary hyperoxaluria I type and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Comparison of thrombodynamic methods and routine hemostasis tests in the evaluation of hypercoagulable syndrome in chronic glomerulonephritis
Authors: Chebotareva Natalia V. , Kharionovskaya Evgenia A. , Biryukova Evgenia A. , Berns Svetlana A. , Vuimo Tatiana A.
Published: July 2024

Background. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with a high risk of thrombotic complications. In this group of patients, routine local tests for assessing hemostasis do not accurately reflect hypercoagulable state. Global functional tests for assessing hemostasis, including thrombodynamics (TD), are considered promising for assessing disorders in the blood coagulation system of these patients.
Aim. To compare the rate of hypercoagulability according to routine hemostatic tests and TD and to evaluate the factors associated with increased risk of thrombotic complications in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN).
Materials and methods. The study included 94 patients with active CGN who were not receiving anticoagulant therapy; 63 (80.3%) patients had NS, and 31 (19.7%) had active CGN without NS. Hemostasis parameters were assessed using local coagulation tests and TD test. Using logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the risk of thrombosis were assessed.
Results. Of the 94 patients with active CGN in 63 without preventive anticoagulant therapy, hypercoagulability according to routine tests was detected in 6 (9.5%) patients with NS and in 3 (9.7%) patients without NS (p0.05). Hypercoagulability according to the TD test was detected in 24 (53.9%) patients with NS and in 5 (32.2%) without NS (p0.05). The formation of spontaneous clots was observed in 29 (30.9%) of patients with CGN, most of them 24 (83%) with NS. 10.6% of patients in our cohort experienced thromboembolic events. The risk of thromboembolic events according to the univariate regression analysis was associated with older age, higher lipid levels, use of glucocorticosteroids and detection of spontaneous clots by the TD test. No association of thromboembolic events with abnormalities in routine hemostasis tests was obtained.
Conclusion. In patients with CGN with nephrotic syndrome, hypercoagulability is detected in 9.5% of cases with routine coagulation tests and in 53.9% of cases with TD test. Detection of spontaneous clots by TD test is associated with a risk of thromboembolic events.
Clinical characteristics and genetic profile of complement system in renal thrombotic microangiopathy in patients with severe forms of arterial hypertension
Authors: Akaeva Mariam I. , Kozlovskaya Natalia L. , Bobrova Larisa A. , Vorobyeva Olga A. , Stoliarevich Ekaterina S. , Shatalov Petr A. , Smirnova Tatiana V. , Anan'eva Anastasiia O.
Published: July 2024

Background. The spectrum of diseases characterized by the development of renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) encompasses the malignant hypertension (MHT). TMA in MHT has conventionally been regarded as a variation of secondary TMA, the treatment of which is restricted to the stabilization of blood pressure levels, a measure that frequently fails to prevent the rapid progression to end-stage renal disease in patients. Nevertheless, there exists a rationale to suggest that, in certain instances, endothelial damage in MHT might be rooted in the dysregulation of the complement system (CS), thereby presenting potential opportunities for the implementation of complement-blocking therapy.
Aim. To study clinical manifestations and genetic profile of CS in patients with morphologically confirmed renal TMA combined with severe AH.
Materials and methods. 28 patients with morphologically verified renal TMA and severe AH were enrolled to the study. Patients with signs of microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia were not included in the study due to possible compliance with the criteria for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). The prevalence of rare genetic defects (GD) of the CS was assessed by molecular genetic analysis (search for mutations in the clinically significant part of the human genome – exome) by next-generation sequencing technology (NGS).
Results. GD of CS were detected in a quarter of patients. Rare genetic variants classified as “likely pathogenic” including defects in CFI, C3, CD46, CFHR4, CFHR5 genes were detected in five cases. Two patients were found to have chromosomal deletions containing CFH-related proteins genes (CFHR1, CFHR3).
Conclusion. Rare variants of CS genes linked to aHUS were found in 25% of patients with renal TMA, the genesis of which was originally thought to be secondary and attributed to MHT, with partial or complete absence of hematological manifestations of microangiopathic pathology. The key to confirming TMA associated with MHT, particularly in the absence of microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia, elucidating its nature, and potentially effective complement-blocking therapy in patients with GD of CS, appears to be a genetic study of CS combined with a morphological study of a renal biopsy.
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy with focal segmental sclerosis
Authors: Kamyshova Elena S. , Bobkova Irina N. , Kakhsurueva Patimat А. , Abdulaeva Amnat S. , Rudenko Tatiana Е. , Stavrovskaya Ekaterina V. , Andreeva Elena Yu. , Li Olga А. , Suvorov Aleksandr Yu.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To evaluate the clinical and pathological features and prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) with focal segmental sclerosis (FSGS) in a group of Russian patients.
Materials and methods. 101 patients with morphologically verified IMN were enrolled in our single-center cohort retrospective study. The patients were divided into IMN group and IMN+FSGS group. The primary and secondary outcomes were analyzed in 59 patients, which had follow-up data for period more than 6 months.
Results. At the time of renal biopsy the median age was 46.0 (33.0; 55.0) years and the median follow-up was 6.8 (4.0; 15.6) months. Secondary FSGS was revealed in 15 (14.9%) patients with IMN. The IMN and IMN+FSGS groups did not differ in gender, age of onset IMN and age of renal biopsy. In the IMN+FSGS group proteinuria was higher and estimated glomerular filtration rate was lower than that in the IMN group (p0.05). The systolic arterial pressure and creatinine levels in the IMN+FSGS group were slightly higher than in the IMN group, but the difference was not significant. Anti-PLA2R positivity was similar in both groups. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression was observed in 10/52 (19.2%) and 5/7 (71.4%) patients in IMN and IMN+FSGS groups, respectively. In a multivariate Cox regression model, age of renal biopsy (odds ratio – OR 1.12, 95% confidence interval – CI 1.03–1.22; р=0.07), FSGS (OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01–0.34; р=0.002) и response to initial course of immunosuppression (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12–0.95; р=0.039) were associated with the CKD progression.
Conclusion. In patients with IMN secondary FSGS is associated with a greater severity of proteinuria and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate, and is also an independent factor of the CKD progression.
Clinical and morphological correlations in patients with lupus nephritis: a retrospective study
Authors: Kurginian Kseniia V. , Stoliarevich Ekaterina S. , Litvinova Mariia A. , Kokhanchuk Valeria A. , Shevchenko Savely N. , Pugach Valeriia A. , Novikov Pavel I. , Moiseev Sergey V. , Bulanov Nikolay M.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To analyze associations between clinical and morphological features of kidney involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Materials and methods. In the retrospective cohort study, we enrolled adult (≥18 years) patients with morphologically proven lupus nephritis (LN) stratified according to the ISN/RPS classification. Systemic lupus erythematosus was classified in accordance with ACR/EULAR classification criteria (2019). Antiphospholipid syndrome was diagnosed according to the 2006 classification criteria. Disease activity was assessed with SELENA-SLEDAI score.
Results. We enrolled 62 patients with LN, among them 84% were females. Median age of SLE onset was 23 (16,3; 30,8) years. In all cases kidney involvement was accompanied by extrarenal manifestations, among which joint (82%), skin (57%) and hematological involvement (68%) was the most common. LN class I was proven in one patient, class II – in three patients, class III – in 24, including III+V in seven, class IV – in 18, including IV+V in two, class V – in 13, class VI – in three patients. APS nephropathy was diagnosed in 4 (6.5%) of patients with LN. The most common clinical manifestation was proteinuria (85%), however its prevalence, level and the frequency of nephrotic syndrome showed no significant differences between the LN classes. LN III/IV±V was characterized by the highest levels of serum creatinine (and the lowest eGFR) at the time of biopsy.
Conclusion. LN is characterized by the high heterogeneity of the clinical and morphological manifestations, which makes LN class prediction impossible without kidney biopsy.
End products of glycation (AGEs) and inflammation in the clinic of cardiovascular complications and vascular calcification at different stages of chronic kidney disease (G1–G5D)
Authors: Fatima Dzgoeva U. , Remizov Oleg V. , Ikoeva Zarina R. , Tedeeva Ilona V. , Gusalov Azamat A. , Goloeva Victoria G.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To clarify the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and inflammation in the development of vascular calcification and cardiovascular complications at different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) G1–G5D.
Materials and methods. We examined 105 patients aged 19 to 75 years with stage C1–C5D CKD, 77 (74%) of whom were patients with diabetic nephropathy. The concentration of AGEs, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), troponin I, parathyroid hormone was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using kits from BluGene biotech (Shanghai, China), Cloud-Clone Corp. (USA), ELISA Kit (Biomedica, Austria).
Results. A high content of AGEs, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α was established, which directly correlated with the increase in renal failure and changes in the morpho-functional parameters of the left ventricle and aorta.
Conclusion. An increase in serum concentrations of AGEs and inflammatory mediators, correlating with a decrease in renal function and changes in the morpho- functional parameters of the left ventricle and aorta, indicate their significant role in the processes of damage to the cardiovascular system in CKD.
Immunosuppression, tonsillectomy and remissions in high-risk IgA-nephropathy
Authors: Kochoyan Zinaida Sh. , Lieva Alina Z. , Galkovskaya Tatyana O. , Dobronravov Vladimir A.
Published: July 2024

Aim.To evaluate the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and tonsillectomy (TE) in patients with high-risk IgA nephropathy (IgAN).
Materials and мethods. The retrospective study cohort included cases with primary IgAN (n=213, age 34±11 years, male 52%) at high risk of progression with clinical and morphological data collected. The follow-up was 26 (10; 61) months. The association of IST without TE (IST; n=141) or with TE (IST+TE; n=72) with the development of complete (PR), partial (PR) and overall (PR or PR, OR) remissions was investigated.
Results. The incidence of achieving early PR or OR in the IST and IST+TE groups was 65.2% and 86.1%, respectively (p=0.002). The probability of early PR or OR was significantly increased in the IST+TE group compared to IST [HR 1.714 (1.214–2.420) and HR 3.410 (1.309–8.880), respectively]. IST+TE was associated with a 3- to 4-fold increase in the likelihood of PR or OR at the end of follow-up [HR 2.575 (1.679–3.950) and HR 4.768 (2.434–9.337), respectively]. Analyses using pseudorandomisation methods yielded similar results.
Conclusion. TE may be effective for remission induction in high-risk IgAN.
Challenges in diagnosing familial Mediterranean fever: exploring atypical clinical features. Clinical case
Authors: Barsuk Maria V. , Novikov Alexander V. , Mikhalina Tamara A. , Rameev Vilen V. , Lysenko Lidia V.
Published: July 2024

This clinical case series presents descriptions of 3 patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) who have atypical manifestations and abnormal inheritance mechanisms in terms of Gregor Mendel's laws. Although molecular genetic testing can help with disease diagnosis, it is not always conclusive. The primary need for genetic testing in atypical cases is to explain the mechanism of inflammation and to select the optimal therapy. These clinical observations demonstrate the changes in the spectrum of phenotypic manifestations of FMF in the context of the widespread introduction of molecular genetic methods.
History of the study of amyloidosis: from the Rokitansky’s theory to the present day
Authors: Rameev Vilen V. , Lysenko Lidia V.
Published: July 2024

In the history of amyloidosis studying the concept of liquids dyscrasia has been predominated and finally it is resulted in accepting a serum protein-precursor as a leading amyloidogenic factor in the disease pathogenesis. Consequently basic diagnostic and treatment strategy was aimed to find and eliminate this protein from the blood and this approach evidenced high effectiveness in most frequent AA and AL-amyloidosis characterized with anomaly high levels of precursors in the blood. At the same time there are less frequent and slower progressing inheritant forms of systemic amyloidosis including transthyretin induced, which are less depending on amyloidogenecity of amyloid precursor and because of that, in example, the effectiveness of transthyretin stabilizers or blockers of its synthesis is limited comparing with the precursor elimination in AA or AL. Developed in the middle of XX century a theory of local synthesis by macrophages is more preferable to describe the pathogenesis of these forms. And modern proteome analysis using give rise to confirm the key meaning of macrophage in the amyloidogenesis and proves necessity to know deeply mechanisms of macrophagial autophagia – basic tool of maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis. That is why it is difficult to hope on high effectiveness of chemical amyloid solvents in vivo, which being under macrophages regulation never could realize its chemical activities.
Processing of modified wood with circular saws.
Authors: Maslov Georgiy , Ivanovsky Vladimir
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the key aspects of mechanical processing of modified wood, as well as provides examples of calculations for sharpening interchangeable cutters and teeth of circular saws.
ECONOMICS OF LAW
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Brodetskaya Alina
Published: July 2024

The author of the article explores the relationship between legal institutions and economic processes. Provides an analysis of how legal systems and rules affect economic activity, the efficiency of markets, the investment climate, and the overall prosperity of a society. The article discusses the main theoretical concepts of legal economics, such as the theory of legal rules, the theory of contracts and the theory of property rights. She also examines various aspects of the economics of law, including statistics of legal liability for economic crimes and legal regulation.
USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN THE ANALYSIS OF BANKRUPTCY OF COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS.
Authors: Butko Pavel
Published: July 2024

In modern business, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly common in various areas of company financial activities and in forecasting the likelihood of their bankruptcy. Traditional analytical methods, while having their advantages, are limited in data, linear, and subject to subjectivity. The use of AI allows for more precise and timely analysis, as well as providing reasoned recommendations for decision-making. Various AI approaches, such as natural language processing (NLP) systems, machine learning, and neural networks, enable the automation of processes for analyzing financial risks, forecasting bankruptcy, optimizing investments, and managing risks. This contributes to increasing the efficiency of company management, identifying risks at early stages, and making timely decisions to prevent bankruptcy.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ROSTOV REGION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Slepushkina Irina
Published: July 2024

The article examines topical issues of economic security of the Rostov region. The main threats and challenges facing the region are analyzed. Measures to strengthen the economic security of the region and increase its resilience to crisis phenomena are proposed.
Kecenderungan Agresivitas pada Mahasiswa kaitannya dengan konformitas teman sebaya dan Regulasi Emosi
Authors: Ristitania Kinan Ladiva Ristitania , Winta Mulya Virgonita Iswindari , Amelia Cristine Roselvia Tri Amelia
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the relationship between peer conformity and emotional regulation with aggressive tendencies in students. The hypothesis proposed in this research is that there is a positive relationship between peer conformity and aggressiveness. The higher the peer conformity score, the higher the aggressiveness, and vice versa and there is a negative relationship between emotional regulation and aggressiveness. The higher the emotional regulation, the lower the aggressiveness, and vice versa. The subjects in this research were 75 students, including 25 students from Diponegoro University, 25 students from Semarang State University, and 25 students from Semarang University. Likewise, the characteristics of student respondents who have been aggressive, aged 18-25 years. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. Research data was collected using three scales, namely the Aggressiveness Scale, Peer Conformity Scale, and Emotion Regulation Scale. Data analysis was carried out using hierarchical correlation analysis. The results of the research show that there is a relationship between peer conformity and emotional regulation and aggressive tendencies with a value of R square = 0.143 and p = 0.004 (p<0.05), so the hypothesis in this study is that there is a relationship between peer conformity and emotional regulation and aggressive tendencies in student.
Kemampuan Regulasi Emosi karyawan instalasi Gizi Rumah Sakit X pengaruhnya pada Stres kerja
Authors: Inas Farah Faiuz , Winta Mulya Virgonita Iswindari , Nusandhani Arumwardani
Published: July 2024

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of emotion regulation on work stress in employees of the Nutrition Installation of Telogorejo Hospital Semarang using quantitative research methods. The hypothesis proposed in this study is the negative influence between emotional regulation and employee work stress. The higher the emotional regulation, the lower the employee's work stress, and vice versa. The sample was taken as many as 55 employees, with saturated sampling techniques. The research data was collected using two scales, namely the Work Stress Scale and the Emotion Regulation Scale. Data analysis was carried out using a simple linear regression test processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) for Windows Version 20 program. The results showed that there was a negative influence between emotional regulation and employee work stress, with Y = -7.523. Thus, the hypothesis proposed in the study was accepted
PENGARUH ETOS KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Palgunadhi Hasri , Indarto Indarto , Budiati Yuli
Published: July 2024

Sumber daya manusia merupakan faktor penting dalam suatu organisasi atau perusahaan. Organisasi yang berhasil akan menitikberatkan pada sumber daya manusia guna menjalankan fungsinya secara optimal, khususnya untuk menghadapi tantangan-tantangan kompetitif, baik internal maupun eksternal. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis pengaruh etos kerja dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, serta menganalisis komitmen organisasi dapat menjadi variabel moderasi.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan jenis data primer yang diperoleh secara langsung dari objek penelitian dengan cara membagi angket kepada responden. Populasi dan sampel yang digunakan adalah pegawai yang bekerja pada PT. Dinasty Inti Agrosarana berjumlah 68 responden.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan etos kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, komitmen organisasi dapat memoderasi hubungan etos kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan dan komitmen organisasi dapat memoderasi hubungan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Dinasti Inti Agrosarana.
Earnings Quality Using the Long-Run Equilibrium Relation Between Income and Cash Flows
Authors:   , Alghamdi Feras
Published: July 2024

In this study, we provide evidence confirming the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between comprehensive income and cash flows and that short-run deviations from the long-run equilibrium are regularly corrected. Therefore, we introduce an alternative approach to evaluating the quality of earnings, according to which, the quality of earnings is a function of the magnitudes of these short-run deviations and the speed with which they are corrected. We also develop an earnings quality measure, the Income Quality Index (IQI), to serve that purpose. Finally, we illustrate the application and advantages of this approach to earnings quality.
Impact of Green Environmental Awareness, Knowledge, Product Trust, and Technological Factors on Youth Green Purchasing Intention
Authors: Mujahid Hira , Rizwan Muhammad , Khan Afaq Ali , Fayaz Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This research concentrates on the technological factors (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective social norms) that are influenced by adolescent green purchasing intention (GBI), as well as the dimensions of green environmental awareness, environmental knowledge, and green product trust.
Design/Methodology/Approach: a survey was administered to 405 students from various Punjabi universities PLS Sem approach is used to analysis the data.
Findings: The green intentions of young consumers are substantially and positively influenced by technological factors (perceived utility, perceived ease of use, and subjective social norms), green environmental awareness, and green environmental knowledge, as indicated by the results. The green intentions of young consumers are significantly influenced by the trust they have in green products and their green purchasing behaviour.
Implications/Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing corpus of knowledge regarding the intentions and actual consumption behaviours of younger consumers by employing a novel methodology to evaluate the impact of technological advancements and relational factors. The study has garnered the attention of researchers, decision-makers, CEOs, and specialists in both theory and practice, resulting in a substantial advancement in the field.
INFLUENCE OF CHEWING PROCESS ON HEMODYNAMIC INDICATORS
Authors: D.A. Dimitriev , E.R. Salimov , S.R. Galigrova
Published: July 2024

Chewing has been shown to have a significant effect on systemic circulation, with circulatory responses appearing to be largely regulated by autonomic nervous activity through a more complex regulatory system than responses to other activities. However, the results of studies on the relationship between masticatory movements and changes in autonomic nervous activity and systemic circulation are still rare and contradictory. We examined changes in systemic circulation during gum chewing. Blood pressure, heart rate, and chewing electromyograms were recorded during continuous gum chewing as indicators of systemic circulation in 27 healthy subjects with normal occlusion. Nonparametric matched-sample analyzes were performed to determine the chronological changes in each variable during gum chewing, and nonparametric Spearman correlations were calculated to assess the relationship between changes in hemodynamic parameters and masticatory muscle activity. Chewing gum increased heart rate and blood pressure, indicating significant changes in sympathetic activity and vagal tone. We have identified a pronounced, statistically significant strong correlation between changes in heart rate and the magnitude of contractions of the masticatory muscles. These results suggest that changes in the activity of parts of the autonomic nervous system may be due to the trigeminal nerve reflex, which explains some of the features of the autonomic nervous regulation of chewing movements.
INTERNATIONAL SAFETY PROFILE FOR THE USE OF OMALIZUMAB IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: K.O. Schneider , M.L. Maksimov , B.K. Romanov
Published: July 2024

The article provides an overview of information on cases of adverse reactions with the use of omalizumab, the reports of which are included in the database of the World Health Organization's international drug monitoring program in 6 years (selected period 01.01.2017-01.01.2024). An analysis of the safety indicators of omalizumab, which is the drug of choice in the treatment of a number of severe atopic diseases, was carried out. Despite the long-term use of the drug in medical practice (more than 15 years) and reports on its efficacy, there is insufficient information on adverse reactions during its use, especially in the Russian Federation, since long-term clinical monitoring has not been carried out. The obtained characteristics of the structure of adverse reactions to the use of omalizumab by gender, age of patients, nature of their complaints, severity of outcomes, geography and initiators of reports, constitute a theoretical basis for improving and fine-tuning the domestic system of pharmacovigilance and drug monitoring, and may also be of practical interest to doctors, researchers and health regulators. The first rank places in the structure of adverse reactions to omalizumab are occupied by: general disorders and reactions at the site of administration, disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, disorders of the respiratory system, thoracic and mediastinal organs, injuries, intoxication and complications of procedures, disorders of the nervous system. In the overall structure of NR, serious adverse reactions to omalizumab accounted for 35,1%. The analysis showed that in the assessment of adverse reactions, a significant role is given to patients (their representatives), whose opinion is determined by subjective feelings and the level of awareness, so more attention should be paid to drug informing patients.
INFLUENCE OF CHEWING PROCESS ON RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA
Authors: D.A. Dimitriev , E.R. Salimov , S.R. Galigrova
Published: July 2024

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a clockwise fluctuation in heart rate at the frequency of the respiratory cycle. RSA is an important homeostatic mechanism, the parameters of which change under various conditions - from stress to physical exercise. However, the direct effect of chewing, the most common form of muscle activity, on RSA has not yet been studied. We studied the dynamic evolution of RSA and the associated heart rate and respiratory rate during the transition from rest to chewing gum in 37 students (15 men). The measure of RSA in this study was the spectral power of high-frequency HF oscillations. Chewing was accompanied by a slight increase in respiratory rate (RR) and a significant increase in heart rate (HR), but a statistically insignificant increase in the HR/HR ratio. Although respiration was an important determinant of RSA in this study, we observed a significant decrease in HF in the presence of relatively stable RR and HR/RR levels, indicating that the main driver of the evolution of RSA during mastication is an increase in sympathetic tone due to the trigeminal reflex.
EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF THE DRY EXTRACT OF THE HERB TRIFOLUM PRATENSE L.
Authors: I.V. Mikhailova , A.A. Sinegovets , A.I. Smolyagin , N.A. Kuzmicheva , M.A. Pavlenko
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal concentration of dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. to reduce the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate on the lymphoid organs of mice.
Materials and methods. The immunomodulatory effect of the dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. was assessed by the ability to bring the weight and cellularity of the lymphoid organs of the immune system of mice when exposed to methotrexate to the level of intact animals. Experimental studies were performed on 129 mature outbred white male mice. Immunomodulatory activity was assessed by determining the mass of the thymus and spleen, the number of thymocytes, splenocytes and myelokaryocytes.
Results. A study of the immunomodulatory properties of the dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. revealed that this phytosubstance in the selected dosage of 50 mg/kg did not change the weight and number of cells in the thymus and spleen of mice, including the number of bone marrow cells, while restoring the weight and cellularity of the immune system organs of mice exposed to methotrexate, which is comparable to the effect of the immunomodulator «Immunal».
Conclusion. Dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. at an optimal dosage of 50 mg/kg can reduce the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate, which may be due to the high content of phenolic compounds. This herbal medicine can be considered as an immunomodulatory herbal remedy.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF ADVERSE REACTIONS TO OMALIZUMAB
Authors: M.L. Maksimov , K.O. Schneider , B.K. Romanov
Published: July 2024

Currently, there are no comprehensive studies to assess the causes of adverse reactions in terms of the use of omalizumab. The aim of the study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the causes of adverse reactions to omalizumab. Materials and methods. Based on these criteria, experts of medical organizations conducted a retrospective assessment of 300 cases of omalizumab use with registration of existing defects based on the data of primary medical documentation (inpatient records, outpatient records). By the method of a sociological survey of 100 doctors, the level of their awareness of the procedure for reporting adverse reactions of drugs and, in particular, omalizumab was studied. The data were processed using applied computer programs. Outcomes. The incidence of medical-organizational defects in safety monitoring of omalizumab was 591 per 100 cases overall. The highest frequency was observed in such defects as: "lack of analysis of identified adverse reactions and cases of ineffectiveness"; "lack of a plan for corrective and preventive measures in connection with the detection of cases of adverse drug reactions"; "violation of the deadlines for the transfer of notices". In the structure of defects in reporting and filling out notifications of adverse reactions of omalizumab by doctors of medical organizations, the leading positions are occupied by: the absence of indications of the presence of bad habits (drug addiction, alcohol abuse, smoking) in the patient; absence of indications of the patient's reaction to the drug; lack of information about the period of time that has elapsed from the administration of the drug to the onset of symptoms of an adverse reaction. The weakest points of professional awareness of doctors about the procedure for reporting adverse reactions of omalizumab are: awareness of the need and content of the analysis of the identified adverse reactions; on regulatory documents on the quality, efficacy and safety of medicines; on the notification scheme of the person responsible for monitoring the safety of the medicinal product.
SAFETY OF OMALIZUMAB IN DIFFERENT PATIENT POPULATIONS
Authors: A.P. Kondrakhin , M.L. Maksimov , K.O. Shnaider
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to an analytical review of studies to assess the clinical safety of omalizumab. The analysis showed that targeted therapy using genetically engineered biological drugs, which include, in particular, omalizumab, is increasingly used in the treatment of allergic diseases. In general, most studies show the clinical efficacy of omalisamab in bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, anaphylactic conditions, allergic urticaria, both in adults and children. However, there are isolated reports that allow us to talk about individual restrictions in the use of this drug associated with adverse reactions. Anaphylactic reactions have been most commonly reported during the administration of omalizumab. There are reports that indicate itching and rashes on the skin as undesirable reactions. In children, dyspeptic disorders are a common complaint. Reliable data on the initiation of malignancy processes against the background of the use of omalizumab have not been established. Quite rarely, as adverse reactions, the authors note eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and thromboembolic complications. The authors draw attention to the need for a thorough collection of allergic anamnesis in patients, a clear selection of the dose of the drug, and monitoring patients in the first hours after the administration of the drug. The analysis data are the theoretical basis for improving the system for ensuring the safety of medicines and notifying supervisory authorities of adverse reactions to the use of medicines.