bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Роль процесів ліпідної пероксидації у розвитку порушень жовчоутворювальної функції печінки за умов скелетної травми і гострої крововтрати, поєднаної з механічним ушкодженням шкіри, та ефективність PRP-терапії
Authors: Смаглій З. В.
Published: November 2022

Мета робота: з’ясувати роль процесів ліпідної пероксидації у розвитку порушень жовчоутворювальної функції печінки за умов скелетної травми і гострої крововтрати, поєднаної з механічним ушкодженням шкіри, та ефективність PRP-терапії.

Матеріали і методи. В експериментах використано 186 нелінійних білих щурів-самців масою 180–200 г, яких поділили на пʼять груп: контрольну та чотири дослідні. До контрольної групи увійшли інтактні тварин, яких тільки вводили в наркоз. У дослідній групі 1 тваринам моделювали механічне ушкодження шкіри, у дослідній групі 2 моделювали скелетну травму, ускладнену гострою крововтратою, у дослідній групі 3 ці ушкодження поєднували. У дослідній групі 4 тваринам із поєднаною травмою проводили PRP-терапію із застосуванням збагаченої тромбоцитами алогенної плазми. Через 3, 7, 14, 21 і 28 діб посттравматичного періоду у контрольній і дослідній групах щурів катетеризували загальну жовчну протоку і збирали жовч, в якій визначали вміст сумарних жовчних кислот. У гомогенаті печінки визначали вміст реагентів до тіобарбітурової кислоти (ТБК-активні продукти ПОЛ).

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Внаслідок моделювання механічного ушкодження шкіри, скелетної травми, ускладненої гострою крововтратою, та їх поєднання у печінці піддослідних тварин посилювалися процеси ліпідної пероксидації, що супроводжувалося зростанням вмісту ТБК-активних продуктів ПОЛ, вміст яких не досягав рівня контролю до закінчення експерименту. Динаміка досліджуваного показника була хвилеподібною з першим максимумом через 7 діб посттравматичного періоду і повторним – через 21 добу. Вміст сумарних жовчних кислот у жовчі до 7 доби знижувався, залишався на такому ж рівні до 21 доби, а далі до 28 доби експерименту зростав, не досягаючи рівня контролю. Зі збільшенням тяжкості травми активність процесів ліпідної пероксидації та порушення синтезу жовчних кислот в печінці збільшувалися. Внаслідок застосування PRP-терапії у групі щурів з поєднаною травмою, порівняно з тваринами без корекції, вміст у печінці ТБК-активних продуктів ПОЛ, від початку 21 доби статистично вірогідно знижувався, а вміст у жовчі сумарних жовчних кислот зростав.

Внаслідок механічного ушкодження шкірних покривів у печінці травмованих тварин посилюються процеси ліпідної пероксидації, що сприяє сповільненню синтезу жовчних кислот мембранами ендоплазматичного ретикулуму. Застосування внутрішньодермального введення збагаченої тромбоцитами алогенної плазми знижує системні прояви травматичної хвороби, що проявляється пригніченням процесів ліпідної пероксидації в печінці та зниженням порушень функціонального стану мембран ендоплазматичного ретикулуму.
Plinio, o Velho e o estudo das aves
Authors: Martins Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira , Navarro Pedro de Lima
Published: November 2022

Uma das poucas obras preservadas de Gaius Plinius Secundus (23/24 A.D.-79 A.D.), mais conhecido como Plinio, o Velho, é Naturalis Historiae (“História Natural”), composta por trinta e sete livros que tratam de diversos assuntos, incluindo os animais. No Livro X dessa obra, o autor discute sobre a natureza das aves. O presente trabalho consiste em uma tradução comentada dos primeiros três capítulos desse livro em que ele aborda o avestruz, a fênix e a águia.  Essa pequena amostra dá uma ideia do estilo de Plínio e de sua metodologia, que são bastante diferentes dos adotados nos estudos sobre animais de outro autor da Antiguidade, Aristóteles (384 a.C.-322 a.C.). Inicialmente, apresentamos Plinio, o Velho ao leitor, dando algumas informações sobre sua vida e obra. A seguir, damos alguns detalhes sobre a tradução e finalmente, apresentamos a própria tradução.
Incidental Coronary Artery Calcium: Opportunistic Screening of Previous Nongated Chest Computed Tomography Scans to Improve Statin Rates (NOTIFY-1 Project)
Authors: Sandhu Alexander T. , Rodriguez Fatima , Ngo Summer , Patel Bhavik N. , Mastrodicasa Domenico , Eng David , Khandwala Nishith , Balla Sujana , Sousa Doug , Maron David J.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) can be identified on nongated chest computed tomography (CT) scans, but this finding is not consistently incorporated into care. A deep learning algorithm enables opportunistic CAC screening of nongated chest CT scans. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of notifying clinicians and patients of incidental CAC on statin initiation.

Methods:

NOTIFY-1 (Incidental Coronary Calcification Quality Improvement Project) was a randomized quality improvement project in the Stanford Health Care System. Patients without known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or a previous statin prescription were screened for CAC on a previous nongated chest CT scan from 2014 to 2019 using a validated deep learning algorithm with radiologist confirmation. Patients with incidental CAC were randomly assigned to notification of the primary care clinician and patient versus usual care. Notification included a patient-specific image of CAC and guideline recommendations regarding statin use. The primary outcome was statin prescription within 6 months.

Results:

Among 2113 patients who met initial clinical inclusion criteria, CAC was identified by the algorithm in 424 patients. After chart review and additional exclusions were made, a radiologist confirmed CAC among 173 of 194 patients (89.2%) who were randomly assigned to notification or usual care. At 6 months, the statin prescription rate was 51.2% (44/86) in the notification arm versus 6.9% (6/87) with usual care (
P
<0.001). There was also more coronary artery disease testing in the notification arm (15.1% [13/86] versus 2.3% [2/87];
P
=0.008).

Conclusions:

Opportunistic CAC screening of previous nongated chest CT scans followed by clinician and patient notification led to a significant increase in statin prescriptions. Further research is needed to determine whether this approach can reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04789278.
Significance of Baseline Ischemic Core Volume on Stroke Outcome After Endovascular Therapy in Patients Age ≥75 Years: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data From 7 Trials
Authors: Tanaka Koji , Goyal Mayank , Menon Bijoy K. , Campbell Bruce C.V. , Mitchell Peter J. , Jovin Tudor G. , Dávalos Antoni , Jansen Olav , Muir Keith W. , White Phil M. , Bracard Serge , Achit Hamza , Dippel Diederik W.J. , Majoie Charles B.L.M. , Hill Michael D. , Brown Scott , Demchuk Andrew M. ,   on behalf of the HERMES Collaborators
Published: November 2022

Background:

Age and infarct volume are strong predictors of outcome in patients with ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular therapy (EVT). We aimed to investigate the impact of ischemic core volume (ICV) on stroke outcome after EVT in elderly.

Methods:

Using the HERMES (Highly Effective Reperfusion Using Multiple Endovascular Devices) collaboration, a patient-level meta-analysis of 7 randomized trials in which patients were enrolled from December 2010 to April 2015) dataset, we categorized patients into those aged <75 and ≥75 years. ICV was calculated on computed tomography perfusion or magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. The association between ICV and the benefit of EVT over best medical treatment on outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] at 90 days) and an ICV threshold for high likelihood (≥90%) of very poor outcome (mRS score ≥5) after EVT were investigated.

Results:

A total of 899 patients who had baseline ICV data, 247 patients aged ≥75 years, of which 118 were randomized in the EVT arm. Patients aged ≥75 years required smaller ICV to achieve mRS score ≤3 than those aged <75 years in the EVT arm (median 10.7 mL versus 23.9 mL,
P
<0.001). In patients aged ≥75 years, modeling of outcome in both treatment arms revealed potential loss of effect for EVT at ICV of ≥50 mL or ≥85 mL for achieving mRS score ≤3 or ≤4, respectively. Treatment effect of EVT was significant in ICV <50 mL for mRS ≤3 (odds ratio 2.38, 95% confidence interval 1.35–4.22). ICV ≥132 mL was a threshold for high likelihood of very poor outcome after EVT. However, EVT still predicted at least 30% rate of mRS ≤3 at 150 mL ICV if near-complete or complete reperfusion was achieved.

Conclusions:

Baseline ICV has an impact on stroke outcome after EVT in the elderly, but elderly patients with large ICV may still benefit from EVT if near-complete or complete reperfusion is achieved. Young patients seem to benefit from EVT regardless of ICV status.
A quantitative and qualitative open citation analysis of retracted articles in the humanities
Authors: Heibi Ivan , Peroni Silvio
Published: November 2022

In this article, we show and discuss the results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of open citations of retracted publications in the humanities domain. Our study was conducted by selecting retracted papers in the humanities domain and marking their main characteristics (e.g., retraction reason). Then, we gathered the citing entities and annotated their basic metadata (e.g., title, venue, subject) and the characteristics of their in-text citations (e.g., intent, sentiment). Using these data, we performed a quantitative and qualitative study of retractions in the humanities, presenting descriptive statistics and a topic modeling analysis of the citing entities’ abstracts and the in-text citation contexts. As part of our main findings, we noticed that there was no drop in the overall number of citations after the year of retraction, with few entities that have either mentioned the retraction or expressed a negative sentiment toward the cited publication. In addition, on several occasions, we noticed a higher concern/awareness by citing entities belonging to the health sciences domain about citing a retracted publication, compared with the humanities and social science domains. Philosophy, arts, and history are the humanities areas that showed higher concern toward the retraction.
Phylogenetic analyses and species delimitation of Aconurella Ribaut (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) in China based on molecular data
Authors: YAN MINHUI , BAO JIANGWEI , LUO MIAOQING , GAO YAO , DIETRICH CHRISTOPHER H. , DUAN YANI
Published: November 2022

The grassland leafhopper genus Aconurella is widespread in the Old World. Species of this genus are difficult to identify by traditional morphological characters but the morphology-based species classification in this genus has not previously been tested using molecular data. This study analysed DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S) and one nuclear gene (ITS2) to infer the phylogenetic relationships and status of five previously recognized Aconurella species and compare the performance of different molecular species-delimitation methods using single and multiple loci. The analysis divided the included haplotypes into five well-supported subclades, most corresponding to existing morphology-based species concepts. However, different molecular species delimitation methods (jMOTU, ABGD, bPTP, GMYC and BPP) yielded somewhat different results, suggesting the presence of between 4 and 8 species, sometimes lumping the haplotypes of Aconurella diplachnis and Aconurella sibirica into a single species or recognizing multiple putative species within Aconurella prolixa. Considering the different results yielded by various methods employing single loci, the BPP method, which combines data from multiple loci, may be more reliable for delimiting species of Aconurella. Our results suggest that the morphological characters previously used to identify these species are reliable and adequately reflect boundaries between genetically distinct taxa.
Public Engagement on Weather and Climate with a Monsoon Fantasy Forecasting Game
Authors: Guido Zack , McMahan Ben , Hoy Dharma , Larsen Calvin , Delgado Benni , Granillo Rey L. , Crimmins Michael
Published: November 2022

The North American monsoon generates heavy rainfall across the southwestern United States between July and September, delivering beneficial moisture to the region and creating hazards that affect public and personal safety. The monsoon thus has the rapt attention of the public and science community, providing an opportunity to improve weather and climate literacy and public engagement in science. Engaging the public to forecast weather and climate phenomenon through contests offers an innovative way to reach diverse audiences and increase weather and climate literacy. We describe a “Monsoon Fantasy Forecasting” game conducted in 2021 with approximately 300 participants. The game that engaged the public in the forecasting of monthly rainfall at cities in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. We report on the game’s interactive design, results, and feedback. We show that the game attracted a diverse audience who was not the typical weather and climate enthusiast, and we provide suggestive results that the game may have influenced the players information-seeking behaviors. We argue that activities that provoke people to observe and think routinely about climate can help educate and build awareness about weather and climate issues.
Global Atmospheric Composition Observations: The Heart of Vital Climate and Environmental Action
Authors: Carmichael Gregory R. , Tarasova Oksana , Hov Øystein , Barrie Leonard , Butler James H.
Published: November 2022

Further long-term investments in high-quality, research-driven, fit-for-purpose observations of atmospheric composition are needed globally to meet urgent societal needs related to weather, climate, air quality, and other environmental issues. Challenges include maintaining current observing systems in the face of eroding budgets for long-term monitoring and filling the geographical gaps for key constituents needed for sound services and policies. The observing systems can be bolstered through science-for-services applications, by embracing interoperable observation systems and standardized metadata, and ensuring that the data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. There is an urgent need to move from opportunities-driven one-component observations to more systematic, planned multifunctional infrastructure, where the observational data flow is coupled with Earth system models to serve both operational and research purposes. This approach fosters a community where user experience feeds back into the research components and where mature research results are translated into operational applications. This will lead to faster exploration and exploitation of atmospheric composition information and more impactful applications for science and society. We discuss here the urgent need to (i) achieve global coverage, (ii) harmonize infrastructure operations, (iii) establish focused policies, and (iv) strengthen coordination of atmospheric composition infrastructure.
Stapling Common Enterotomy Does Not Increase Leak Rates in Stapled Anastomoses
Authors: Bartholomew Reid , Zumwalt Christopher M. , Reede Kristen R. , Differding Shawna , Sang Hilla I. , Sahmoun Abe , Ahmeti Mentor
Published: November 2022

Background

Stapled vs handsewn methods of bowel anastomosis have been extensively studied, however, no study has compared the handsewn vs stapled technique of closing the common enterotomy. Anecdotal concerns of higher leak rates due to crossing staple lines has led some to prefer a handsewn technique for closing the common enterotomy.

Methods

Patients undergoing stapled side-to-side enteroenteric and enterocolonic anastomoses in both emergent and elective settings at 1 tertiary center from 2016 to 2020 were studied. 758 patients were included. They were divided into 2 cohorts: Stapled-Stapled (SS) and Stapled-Handsewn (SH) depending on the fashion in which their stapled common enterotomy was closed. Association of anastomotic leak rate overall, in the emergent vs elective setting, and within enteroenteric and enterocolonic anastomotic subgroups was evaluated with both univariate and multivariate analysis. Association with the closure technique, mortality and average operative time was also compared.

Results

Multivariate analysis overall leak rates (SS 5.9% vs SH 3.7%, P = .23) and enteroenteric leak rates (SS 2.9 vs SH 4.1, P = .52) were similar between cohorts. Operative times were significantly shorter in the SS cohort (SS 121.8 min vs SH 138.1 min, P = .049), with a difference of 16.3 min on average. No difference in mortality was seen.

Discussion

The SH and SS result in similar anastomotic leak rates overall, and the SS technique is significantly faster than the SH technique. We therefore consider the SS technique to be an acceptable, and in the emergent setting, potentially preferred method of anastomotic technique.
On the Complexity of Managing Transparency
Authors: Suddaby Roy , Panwar Rajat
Published: November 2022

Corporate transparency is an aspirational ideal that is very difficult to achieve because organizations can never be completely transparent. As a result, effective management of transparency requires managers to carefully balance transparency with the need for secrecy. This article describes the complex nature of transparency and demonstrates how attempts to balance transparency with secrecy result in three different kinds of transparency—rationalized, ceremonial, and decontextualized. Effective transparency management requires managers to avoid simply dumping information, use new technology strategically, engage their audiences creatively, avoid overpromising and underdelivering, and attend carefully to how transparency is measured.
Double-integral sliding mode control of the switched-inductor quasi-Z source boost converter
Authors: Junjun Li , Daiwei Tang , Bowei Xu , Chong Liu , Jingyu Yang
Published: November 2022

Compared with the traditional converter, the switching inductance quasi-Z source DC-DC boost converter has the characteristics of wide output voltage, small capacitor size and more reliable circuit. However, in the process of DC voltage boost, the system is prone to high startup impulse voltage, output voltage fluctuation, and other problems. Therefore, a double integral sliding mode control (DISMC) method is proposed. The control method takes the capacitance voltage error, the inductance current error and their sum of single integral and double integral as state variables, and derives the equivalent control law from the sliding mode surface. A Lyapunov function is constructed to analyze the existence conditions of DISMC method. And the effects of abrupt changes of input voltage, negative reference voltage and load power on transient oscillation, steady state error and overshoot of the system are analyzed. This control method solves the non-minimum phase problem of capacitor voltage, so as to improve the start-up performance of the controller and speed up the response of the system. Finally, the superiority and effectiveness of the control method are verified by simulation.
Local governments’ communication on social media platforms: refining and assessing patterns of adoption in Belgium
Authors: Mabillard Vincent , Zumofen Raphael , Pasquier Martial
Published: November 2022

This article relies on the literature on technology adoption and empirical studies on social media adoption in the public sector to analyze the case of Belgian municipalities. Our objective is threefold as we aim to: (a) provide a new approach to assess the adoption of social media platforms by governments, (b) describe the current situation in Belgium through the concept of “active adoption” and (c) determine the main factors that relate to the uptake of Facebook in Belgian municipalities over 10,000 inhabitants. To achieve these objectives, we used software to retrieve quantitative data regarding Facebook adoption and institutionalization. Our results reveal that municipality size, median age and longevity on the platform are positively associated with the adoption of Facebook. In contrast, median income is, surprisingly, negatively associated with several dimensions of active adoption. These findings contribute to the literature on the factors related to social media use. In addition, the new ways of uncovering social media adoption and institutionalization patterns provide a solid conceptual approach for future research. For practitioners, our study provides municipalities with a better assessment framework and offers them a new model to evaluate social media adoption, underlining the fundamental difference between registration and “active adoption”.

Points for practitioners

This article provides a new approach to assess social media adoption and institutionalization patterns in public organizations. It offers a framework to evaluate social media adoption, underlining the fundamental difference between registration and ‘active adoption’. It also identifies the main factors that relate to the uptake of Facebook in Belgian municipalities over 10,000 inhabitants: population size, median age, median income and social media-related variables – that is, activity on Twitter and Instagram – as well as longevity on the platform.
Music Teacher Role Stress: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Taft Seth A.
Published: November 2022

Teaching music can be very stressful. The music education literature includes investigations of sources of stress and suggestions for stress relief, although it lacks a consistent underlying conceptual framework for stress. Role stress—a framework for understanding stress related to workplace dynamics—has the potential to provide structure while accounting for the nuance and complexity of organizations. The purpose of this study was to adapt and develop psychometrically sound questionnaires and then collect data to test a model to determine relationships among role stressors, role stress, and other variables of interest. Participants ( N = 1,576) responded to items related to six hypothesized role stressors, specialization and teaching loads, holding multiple jobs, years taught, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intent to leave the current job. I analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Key findings included (a) strong relationships among role stress and negative occupational outcomes, (b) confirmation of four known role stressors but nonseparation of role conflict and role ambiguity in statistical models, and (c) weak relationships between role stress and model covariates (years teaching, within-specialization teaching, and having multiple jobs). These results have implications for current and prospective secondary music teachers, music teacher educators, and school administrators.
Partners and Patients: A Revised Grammar of Social Power
Authors: Kolodny Niko
Published: November 2022

This brief response concerns Arash Abizadeh’s recently proposed four-place ‘grammar’ of agential social power: that the social power of an agent, V, with respect to outcome type O consists in V’s capacity to effect outcomes of type O ‘with the assistance of agents X, despite the resistance of agents Y’. Among other problems, this grammar implies that all agential power is social power. I propose, in place of Abizadeh’s grammar, that V’s social power with respect to O consists in V’s capacity to effect O with the assistance of X, thereby affecting patients Y. Among other things, this grammar goes further than Abizadeh’s in rejecting the tradition, owing to Max Weber, that holds that all social power is power to overcome resistance. Talk of overcoming resistance drops out of the definition of social power completely.
New corporate players and educational policy: How might the Australian competition and consumer commission help us to understand AI’s associations with educational policy?
Authors: Arantes Janine Aldous
Published: November 2022

In the last decade education has experienced a shift from privatization to commercialization. This paper argues that the commercialization of education has evolved more recently as a result of artificially intelligent corporate players, enabling forms of insights sales called ‘Dark Advertising’. It unpacks how Dark Advertising are profiting from data-driven predictions that reveal where demand is emerging, rather than responding to perceived problems by examining reports by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC). Able to produce techno-solutions ‘just in time’ through Dark Advertising, Dark Advertising are considered to be enabling new forms of governance and influencing educational policy. Findings of the examination reveal associations in terms of teachers’ privacy, ability to provide consent, and agency. Arguably, circumnavigating Codes of Conduct and Privacy legislation, the author calls for greater scrutiny into various information asymmetries associated with Insight Sales strategies that predict, nudge and experiment with teachers’ behavior for profit.
Autoimmune hepatitis unmasked by dengue infection – An unexplored and rare association
Authors: Jagtap Aniket B , S Chiranth , Chaitanya Vinod , Lall B , Porwal Y C
Published: November 2022

Dengue hepatitis is mostly asymptomatic but can lead to liver failure. Autoimmune hepatitis is mainly the disease of females and a potentially treatable cause of chronic liver disease. We report a rare case in which autoimmune hepatitis was unmasked by Dengue infection. The patient was managed for AIH with steroids and azathioprine and became asymptomatic in 30 days. Dengue is a proven risk factor for many autoimmune conditions but its association with AIH is not studied.
Qualitatively exploring repentance processes, antecedents, motivations, resources, and outcomes in Latter-day Saints
Authors: Hendricks Justin J , Cazier Jocelyn , Nelson Jenae M , Marks Loren D , Hardy Sam A
Published: November 2022

Despite the prevalence of beliefs across religions regarding repentance and divine forgiveness and their recognition in theoretical and religious studies, these constructs are relatively understudied phenomena in the social sciences. Furthermore, in recent years, multiple scholars have argued for the need for research to systematically study and highlight the experience and processes of repentance and divine forgiveness. Subsequently, this study explored processes of repentance, antecedents and motivations of repentance, resources to aid in repentance, and outcomes of repentance that should be further examined. This analysis was done using in-depth qualitative interviews with 15 emerging adult religious exemplars identifying with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The authors used NVivo 12 and team-based qualitative coding processes to identify themes. Repentance processes included personal change, took various lengths of time, were a part of participants’ religious identity, were recurrent processes, and were influenced by participants’ view of God. Antecedents and motivations included religious practices and rituals, emotions, interpersonal interactions, and their relationship with God. Resources that aided in repentance included religious practices and rituals, interpersonal relationships, and a relationship with God. Finally, participants reported experiencing personal changes in their behavior and character, positive emotions (including feelings of divine forgiveness), improved interpersonal relationships, and a better relationship with God. These processes align with some previously discovered and theorized findings on repentance, contribute a number of novel findings, and offer future direction regarding the motivations, resources, and transformative experiences that participants reported in their personal repentance and experience of forgiveness.
Following Puck virtually in the Royal Shakespeare Company's Dream experiment: Live theatre and high-tech innovations
Authors: Fischer Susan L.
Published: November 2022

The thirty-minute experiment titled Dream represented a collaborative effort between the Royal Shakespeare Company and Audience of the Future. It fused live performance with motion capture technology, 3D graphics, and interactive gaming techniques, and let the audience remotely guide Puck through a virtual forest. Inspired by A Midsummer Night's Dream, it focused on Puck and the fairies. If, for online audiences, the virtual fairies moving through a digital forest suggested a video game, the eight performances were delivered live and in real time. This Dream represents a new format for Shakespeare’s performance that evolved during (rather than emerged from) the COVID-19 pandemic.
If not home, where? Implementing an innovative model of care as an alternative place of care & death for patients living in an area of high socio-economic deprivation. Short-report on opening a long-term palliative care unit
Authors: Wakefield Donna
Published: November 2022

Background:

Healthcare professionals and policy makers often view home as the most appropriate place of care and death for patients. However, this makes assumptions about what home is like and does not account for high levels of complexity experienced by patients from areas of high socioeconomic deprivation. Alternative models of care should be explored to provide equitable care for this patient group.

Aims:

To describe the development of a new innovative model of care, a long-term palliative care unit.

Design:

Description of the model, with secondary analysis of retrospective routinely gathered data.

Setting:

Hartlepool in North-East England, includes some of the most socio-economically deprived areas in England, with associated high-levels of multimorbidity. In 2014, the eight-bedded hospice, opened an additional 10-bedded long-term unit.

Results:

Within 7 years, 199 patients were admitted to the long-term unit. With 98% remained there until death. All patients were offered a full holistic assessment and advance care planning, with 24/7 access to specialist palliative care support. None were transferred to hospital. In general, patients from socio-economically deprived areas are less likely to access hospice care, however, 27% of all admissions to the long-term unit were from areas in the 10% most deprived in England (with 41% admitted from areas in the poorest quintile).

Conclusion:

We suggest that this model has been a valuable asset in providing an alternative place to home, enabling patients to receive high-quality care towards end of life. Further research is needed to hear directly from patients about their experiences.
A case series of constrictive pericarditis and suggested echocardiographic diagnostic criteria
Authors: Li Junfang , Li Rong , Cheng Guangting , Lu Changhong , Liu Weigang , Sun Dongmei , Li Xue , Wang Zhibin
Published: November 2022

Background

The diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis (CP) is challenging as there are currently no standard echocardiographic diagnostic criteria. In this retrospective case series, we analyzed and summarized the features of 25 patients with CP and proposed echocardiographic diagnostic criteria. It is hoped that the suggested criteria help professionals make decisions in their daily practice so that patients receive timely diagnosis and effective treatment.

Methods

Twenty-five patients with CP were selected for this retrospective study. The clinical and echocardiographic imaging data were analyzed and summarized, and echocardiographic diagnostic criteria for CP were proposed.

Results

The main clinical manifestations were fatigue, breathlessness, exertional dyspnea (88%), lower-limb edema (84%), hepatomegaly, and jugular vein filling (84%). Echocardiographic features comprised pericardial thickening (88%) and calcification (60%), pulmonary hypertension (52%), inferior vena cava dilation (80%), left and/or right atrial enlargement (100%), diastolic flattening of the left ventricular (LV) posterior wall (72%), septal shudder and bounce (64%), restrictive LV and right ventricular diastolic filling pattern (100%), early filling changes of mitral and tricuspid flow (80% and 60%, respectively), and mitral annulus reversus (73%).

Conclusions

Echocardiography is a simple and valuable examination for CP. The echocardiographic diagnostic criteria are valid and worth promoting.
Locating state capitalism: Financial centres and the internationalisation of Chinese banks in London
Authors: Hall Sarah
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the internationalisation of Chinese state-owned commercial banks in London's financial centre from the 2010s onwards. These banks have transformed from primarily servicing Chinese state-owned enterprises to making up four of the largest banks globally by balance sheet and undertaking a range of operations including RMB clearing and cross border settlement and yet their future international trajectory remains uncertain. My analysis positions Chinese bank internationalisation within the wider project of RMB internationalisation, arguing that financial centres can serve as important methodological, empirical and conceptual entry points into understanding how state and market interests play out unevenly across time and space. By focusing on place-based policy experimentation in London, my analysis points to the entangled, multi layered and often contradictory formations of actually existing state capitalism.
A comparison study of HRES for electrification of a rural city in Algeria
Authors: Yahiaoui Adel , Tlemçani Abdelhalim
Published: November 2022

Optimization is one of the most important branches of applied mathematics and much research both practical and theoretical has been devoted to it. In this in this paper we have used the software HOMER to solve optimization problem on optimal sizing of three hybrid renewable energy systems involving of PV panel, wind turbine, battery bank, electrolyzer, H2 tank, and fuel cell for possible installation in Timimoun city in Algeria desert. The proposed systems are applied for optimal configuration, minimization of the total net present cost (TNPC) and cost of energy (COE). The study showed us that each system provides electrical power for this region, TNPC of the PV/Wind/Battery system is 22,621,932 $ with COE of 1.673 $/kWh, it is the most expensive system that we cannot adopt because of its high cost. The PV/Wind/Electrolyzer/H2 tank/Fuel cell system is cheaper than the first in terms of TNPC which equal 14,945,818 $ with COE of 1.105 $/kWh. This system is also undesirable because it is more expensive than the PV/Wind/Battery/Electrolyzer/H2 tank/Fuel cell hybrid system. The TNPC of this system is 12,322,474 $ with COE of 0.912 $/kWh, which makes it cheaper than the first two systems. The results prove that the hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Electrolyzer/H2 tank/Fuel cell system meet the electrical energy need of the region.
Assessment of Radiology Artificial Intelligence Software: A Validation and Evaluation Framework
Authors: Tanguay William , Acar Philippe , Fine Benjamin , Abdolell Mohamed , Gong Bo , Cadrin-Chênevert Alexandre , Chartrand-Lefebvre Carl , Chalaoui Jean , Gorgos Andrei , Chin Anne Shu-Lei , Prénovault Julie , Guilbert François , Létourneau-Guillon Laurent , Chong Jaron , Tang An
Published: November 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) software in radiology is becoming increasingly prevalent and performance is improving rapidly with new applications for given use cases being developed continuously, oftentimes with development and validation occurring in parallel. Several guidelines have provided reporting standards for publications of AI-based research in medicine and radiology. Yet, there is an unmet need for recommendations on the assessment of AI software before adoption and after commercialization. As the radiology AI ecosystem continues to grow and mature, a formalization of system assessment and evaluation is paramount to ensure patient safety, relevance and support to clinical workflows, and optimal allocation of limited AI development and validation resources before broader implementation into clinical practice. To fulfil these needs, we provide a glossary for AI software types, use cases and roles within the clinical workflow; list healthcare needs, key performance indicators and required information about software prior to assessment; and lay out examples of software performance metrics per software category. This conceptual framework is intended to streamline communication with the AI software industry and provide healthcare decision makers and radiologists with tools to assess the potential use of these software. The proposed software evaluation framework lays the foundation for a radiologist-led prospective validation network of radiology AI software. Learning Points: The rapid expansion of AI applications in radiology requires standardization of AI software specification, classification, and evaluation. The Canadian Association of Radiologists' AI Tech & Apps Working Group Proposes an AI Specification document format and supports the implementation of a clinical expert evaluation process for Radiology AI software.
Associations Between Age of Onset of Pediatric Overweight/Obesity, a Child’s Sociodemographic Characteristics, and Characteristics of a Child’s Home Census Tract
Authors: Bhattacharya Prateek , Klein Melissa D. , Beck Andrew F. , Xu Yingying , Kharofa Roohi Y.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To identify associations between age of onset of overweight/obesity, a child’s sociodemographic characteristics, and characteristics of a child’s home census tract.

Design

Retrospective electronic health record review of children with overweight/obesity.

Setting

Three primary care centers associated with a free-standing, tertiary-care pediatric institution in Cincinnati.

Subjects

Patients born between August 1, 2013 and July 31, 2014, who had a body mass index (BMI) ≥85th percentile before 5 years of age (n = 794).

Measures

Primary outcome was the patient’s age at the first encounter when BMI was ≥85th percentile. Patient-level predictors were sex, age, race/ethnicity, health insurance, and number of moves captured in the health record. Census tract-level predictors were density of bus stops, presence of grocery stores, and a Socioeconomic Deprivation Index.

Analysis

Multivariable linear regression models assessed for independent associations between age of onset of overweight/obesity and predictors.

Results

Patients were 55.8% female, 73.6% black, and 79.1% publicly insured. Each additional move per year was associated with onset of overweight/obesity occurring 4.05 months earlier ( P < .0001). No significant associations between age of onset of overweight/obesity and census tract-level density of bus stops ( P = .82), presence of grocery stores ( P = .39), and socioeconomic deprivation ( P = .53) were demonstrated.

Conclusion

Public policy efforts toward improving access to grocery stores or public transportation may not be sufficient to prevent childhood obesity. Population-level interventions related to improving housing may also reduce obesity.
Demographic and Symptom Correlates of Initial Idiopathic Psychiatric Diagnosis in Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Sejourne Corinne , Dworkin Jordan D , Barker Megan S , Manoochehri Masood , Gottesman Reena T , Wassermann Eric M , Tierney Michael C , Huey Edward D , Grafman Jordan
Published: November 2022

Introduction

This study aims to measure frequency and correlates of initial idiopathic psychiatric diagnosis in a cohort of 147 patients with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)-spectrum disorders.

Methods

Participants were evaluated at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. Initial participant diagnoses were determined by chart review and patient and informant interviews. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationships between diagnosis and age of symptom onset, gender, education, family history of psychiatric illness, and family history of dementia. Additional exploratory analyses investigated patients’ first symptom type.

Results

25% (n=43) of all the patients reviewed were initially misdiagnosed with an idiopathic psychiatric illness, which is less than half the commonly cited 50% rate.3 Depression was the most common misdiagnosis (46.5%). Family history of dementia, family history of mental illness and an exploratory analysis of behavioral first symptoms suggested significant association with a greater likelihood of initial idiopathic psychiatric diagnosis in FTD patients.

Discussion

This data confirms patterns of initial idiopathic psychiatric diagnosis in FTD and elucidates potential factors underlying misdiagnosis. Potential implications for patient outcomes, caregiver burden and healthcare costs are discussed.
Equity and Early Implementation of the Every Student Succeeds Act in State-Designed Plans During COVID
Authors: Ayscue Jennifer B. , D. Fusarelli Lance , Uzzell Elizabeth M.
Published: November 2022

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) reverses a trend toward centralization of education policy and instead provides greater authority to the states. This study explores states’ interpretation and early implementation of ESSA’s equity-related provisions. Using a qualitative case study approach, we find wide variation in the design and implementation of equity-related provisions. We provide an overview of implementation efforts and highlight states that are making significant strides and those that are lagging behind. Our findings highlight the need to build capacity at the state and district levels and to better understand the role of state education agencies in implementing ESSA.
Whose Agenda is It? Navigating the Politics of Setting the Research Agenda in Education Research-Practice Partnerships
Authors: Meyer Joanna L. , Waterman Clare , Coleman George A. , Strambler Michael J.
Published: November 2022

In this article, we provide insight into sharing power and balancing practitioner and researcher priorities during the process of establishing a research agenda for a research-practice partnership (RPP). We draw on the literature about effective collaboration within RPPs to identify concepts and factors that can help or hinder the research agenda-setting process. Concepts include boundary spanning, spheres of interest and action, and strategic knowledge leadership. Factors include early and ongoing engagement of partners, adequate representation of diverse perspectives, funder priorities, and the presence of trusting relationships. The authors then use examples from our own experiences in RPPs to illustrate how these concepts and factors play out in the agenda-setting process.
Effect of occupational noise exposure on cortisol hormone level: A systematic review
Authors: Naderyan Fe'li Shadi , Monazzam Esmaielpour Mohammad Reza , Hokmabadi Rajabali , Rezaei-Hachesu Vida
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The aim of this review was to investigate the possible association between noise exposure and cortisol hormone in all noise-exposed job classifications. Materials and methods. In this systematic review, the Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched from 1 January 1991 to 28 September 2021. As a result, all English relevant papers among any group of workers, in any workplace, and at any noise level were included. Abstracts without full texts, editorials, letters, case reports, conference proceedings, reviews, in-vitro, and animal studies were excluded. Furthermore, studies were removed in the case that they were conducted on children or general population, did not measure the noise levels in work environments, and simulated the workplace noise or used a noise chamber. Results. The initial search retrieved 5784 articles. Finally, 13 articles were considered for qualitative synthesis. Among all the included studies, most of them (10 vs. three), conducted in various industries reported a statistically significant association between occupational noise exposure and increased levels of cortisol hormone. Conclusion. Our qualitative synthesis of available evidence proposed a potential relationship between occupational noise exposure and cortisol hormone. So, noise can be considered an occupational health concern.
Study on energy conversion characteristics and pressure fluctuation interference characteristics between two stage impellers of the pump as turbine
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Lu Yonggang , Shi Weidong , An Ce , Zhang Zequan , Zhao Yun
Published: November 2022

The process pump as turbine (PPAT) is an important infrastructure in chemical and oil refining process. When it operates in pump mode, it can provide high-pressure energy for chemical and oil refining system, and when it operates in turbine mode, it can recover the high-pressure energy from the oil medium. The operation stability of PPAT directly affects the normal operation and production of chemical and oil refining process. In this paper, the velocity slip characteristics of the PPAT in turbine mode and pump mode were studied, and the unsteady operation characteristics and the energy conversion and distribution mechanism of the first-stage impeller and second-stage impeller in pump mode were mainly studied, the pulsation amplitude frequency characteristics and induction mechanism of flow passage components under different flow conditions in pump mode are analyzed. The results show that PPAT has an efficiency peak in both pump mode and turbine mode, and the efficiency zone is significantly wider and the velocity slip loss is smaller in turbine mode; In turbine mode, with the increase of flow, the velocity slip loss of the first-stage impeller is larger than that of the second-stage impeller; In the pump mode, the velocity slip loss of the first-stage impeller is greater under the conditions of minimum flow and maximum flow, the pressure fluctuation in the PPAT is mainly distributed in the first stage diffuser and the second stage diffuser. The main factor causing the pressure fluctuation in the PPAT is the dynamic and static interference effect between the first-stage impeller and the first-stage diffuser.
Understanding the transport networks complex between South Asia, Southeast Asia and China during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age
Authors: Ma Minmin , Lu Yongxiu , Dong Guanghui , Ren Lele , Min Rui , Kang Lihong , Zhu Zhonghua , Li Xiaorui , Li Bo , Yang Zhijian , Cili Nongbu , Liu Ruiliang , Gao Yu , Chen Fahu
Published: November 2022

The emergence and intensification of transcontinental exchange during both the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age profoundly influenced the social history of Eurasia. While scholars have intensively discussed east-west long-distance communication along the proto-Silk Road, the north-south transport networks that connected China to South and Southeast Asia during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age have attracted much less attention in the scholarly literature based on archeological science data. In this paper, we find new radiocarbon dates from 11 Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in northwestern and central Yunnan in Southwest China, a key entrance into South and Southeast Asia from China. Combined with previously published archeological records and radiocarbon dates, we attempt to disentangle and understand the timing and routes of the networks linking China to South and Southeast Asia during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age. We propose three north-south land routes that played essential roles in the cultural exchanges in addition to the proto-Silk Road and maritime routes. This includes the trans-Himalayan routes, trans-Hengduan Mountain routes, and the trans-Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau routes. The north-south exchange between China and South and Southeast Asia probably emerged in the fifth millennium BP (before the present) mainly through a low-frequency trans-Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau and trans-Himalayan routes. The exchange frequency significantly increased after the fourth millennium BP, with the synchronous development of the three primary north-south passageways. Trans-Hengduan routes might have been the most crucial artery connecting China and South and Southeast Asia during 3000–2200 BP, but more archeological records are needed to understand the detailed evolution of these transport networks.