bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attractive urban lighting as a new destination branding
Authors: Achsani Rizky Amalia , Ornam Kurniati , Kusuma Hanson Endra , Wonorahardjo Surjamanto , Triyadi Sugeng
Published: October 2022

In recent decades places that use attractive urban lighting to attract visitors have emerged. This shows a shift in lighting, giving the impression of a place, nocturnal image, and attracting attention. The purpose of this paper is to explore places, activities, and impressions of attractive urban lighting to see its potential in improving city visuals at night. The data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed by a non-random snowball sampling method from 126 respondents. The analysis was carried out in stages, starting with content analysis and continued with correspondence analysis and hierarchical clustering. The results showed that places with attractive urban lighting could be grouped into seven categories of place, ten categories of activity, six categories of impression. Three models are formed from these themes, namely cognitive image, unique images, and affective image, which will form an overall image of attractive urban lighting as the new destination branding.
CONCEPTS OF GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE
Authors: Shybetskyi Iu.О. , Shestopalov V.М. , Pochtarenko V.І. , Borysova T.А. , Shurpach N.О. Shurpach
Published: October 2022

The paper defines the term “concept of geological disposal” of radioactive waste. The international and national experience of the geological disposal concept development is analyzed. The peculiarities of the safety contribution from the natural and engineered barriers of repository for different types of geological formations are described.
  It is shown that development of the disposal concept includes the selection of the host formation, determination of the desired geological situation, as well as the list of engineered barriers, taking into account the radwaste inventory.
  The development of a geological disposal concept is a mandatory initial step in site selection, as safety concepts differ significantly for different host formations and define different site selection criteria, primarily in terms of depth, thickness and geometric dimensions of the suitable formation.
  Engineered barrier systems for different host rocks have almost the same set of components. However, the relative role of engineered barriers differs significantly. This is especially true for the design time of radionuclide containment. In crystalline formations, engineered barriers play a major role in this sense. Their design life is hundreds of thousands of years. Natural barriers provide the conditions for maintaining the tightness of containers as much as possible. In rock salts, the situation is reversed - engineered barriers are designed to facilitate the fastest recovery and preservation of the barrier properties of the host environment. Here, the design life time of the container is hundreds of years. The clay formations has intermediate position: the design life time of the container is tens of thousands of years.
  It is shown also that at this stage of research for the Ukrainian conditions the most promising concept of radioactive waste geological disposal is the disposal in Precambrian crystalline formations within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. Here the crystalline formations are covered by sedimentary rocks with a developed system of aquifers. These sedimentary rocks can be considered as an additional sorption and filtration barriers.
  Only in the case when negative results of safety case development for crystalline formations of Chornobyl Exclusion Zone will be obtained, it is necessary to proceed to a detailed study of other regions and host rocks types.
TONSTEINS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF THE PETROGRAPHIC COMPOSITION OF COALS
Authors: Ivanova A.V. , Zaitseva L.B.
Published: October 2022

The tonsteins were found in the coal seams of all divisions of the Carboniferous deposits of the Donbas. They are thin clay interlayers of kaolinite composition and, according to most researchers, are of volcanic origin. The object of this study is the tonsteins of the Lower Carboniferous deposits of the Western Donbas. Analysis of the chemical composition of the ton - steins indicates their predominantly kaolinite composition. The aluminosilicate modulus (Al2O3 /SiO2 ratio) for tonsteins from a number of mines of the Western Donbas is close to the kaolinite norm (0.85). The titanium modulus (TiO2 /Al2O3 ratio) indicates that the tonsteins of the c11 seam were formed from volcanic ash of intermediate composition (titanium modulus 0.02-0.08). The tonsteins of all the other underlying layers studied (from c1 to c8low) were formed from acid volcanic pyroclastics (titanium modulus less than 0.02). In order to establish the role of the tonsteins in the formation of the petrographic composition of the coals adjacent to them, the coal seam c11 is considered. Comparison of the weighted average contents of vitrinite (in %) for the coal patches located under and above the tonsteins showed the absence of any regula - rity in the distribution of microcomponents in the coal. Reconstruction of the conditions of peat accumulation of coals according to their microcomponent composition confirmed that the role of tonsteins in the formation of the petrographic composition of the coals of certain deposits should be assessed taking into account the specific conditions of the accumulation of paleo-peat bogs.
YELYZAVETA YAKIVNA KRAYEVA — AN OUTSTANDING MICROPALEONTOLOGIST OF UKRAINE (to 100th anniversary from the birth)
Authors: Ryabokon T.S.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to Yelyzaveta Yakivna Krayeva, a worthy representative of the Ukrainian school of micropaleontology of P.A. Tutkowsky and O.K. Kaptarenko-Chernousova, senior researcher, Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences. Ye.Ya. Krayeva is a recognized micropaleontologist who made a significant contribution to the study of Eocene and Oligocene foraminifera of Southern Ukraine. She was engaged in the Paleogene biostratigraphy of the platform Ukraine and the northwestern shelf of the Black Sea by foraminifera, is the developer and co-author of the first Stratigraphic Scheme of Paleogene and Lower Miocene deposits of the South Ukrainian oil and gas-bearing region, is one of the authors of the unified Stratigraphic Scheme of Paleogene sediments of the platform Ukraine. There is given a bibliography of scientific works of Ye.Ya. Krayeva.
Why is the mathematics educator called inspiring?
Authors: Simamora Rustam Effendy , Darmayasa Jero Budi , Kamara Jean Gloria
Published: October 2022

Inspiration plays a significant role in sparking or enhancing the learning motivation of prospective mathematics teachers (PMTs). Inspiration will also influence the mathematical identity of PMTs’ when they become professional mathematics teachers. A mathematics teacher educator (MTE) can be a source of inspiration for PMTs; hence, a study must identify and explain why an MTE is considered inspiring. This study attempts to develop the theory of inspiring MTEs profiles based on the experience of PMTs. This study included 21 students and 7 lecturers of the Mathematics Education Department in a public university in Indonesia. This qualitative research was conducted employing a grounded theory constructivist approach. The findings revealed that inspiring MTEs possessed the following characteristics: “creating a sense of comfort, being knowledgeable, being motivating, providing fun and enjoyable learning, imparting new insights and comprehension, and being disciplined and authoritative.” According to this theory, an inspiring MTE creates a sense of comfort through their gracious, friendly, humble, and humorous personality. Fun and enjoyable learning in this study is learning that provide a sense of comfort, fun learning, interactive learning, and carrying out evaluations. MTEs give new insight and understanding by explaining in detail, systematically, and easily understood, sharing creative ideas, and providing scaffolding. Implications of this finding are discussed.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS FROM DIFFERENT CULTURES IN EFL CLASSROOM INTERACTION IN HIGHER INSTITUTION
Authors: Weda Sukardi , Rahman Fathu , Atmowardoyo Haryanto , Samad Iskandar Abdul , Fitriani Siti Sarah , Said Mawardin M. , Sakti Andi Elsa Fadhilah
Published: October 2022

The authors address the study on intercultural communicative competence (ICC) of EFL students from different culture at higher education in the classroom setting. ICC is the most interesting and important topic in every meeting among people from different ethnic groups. López-Rocha (2016) mentions that intercultural communicative competence (ICC) needs to be incorporated in the language curriculum if educators hope to help students develop an appreciation for the language and culture studied, an awareness of their own culture, and the development of skills that will allow them to be competent, adaptable, and communicators. This present study therefore aims at exploring students’ perceptions on the practice of intercultural communication competence in EFL classroom at English Department, Faculty of Languages and Literature State University of Makassar, Indonesia in 2019/2020 academic year. A questionnaire was distributed and responded by fifty four undergraduate students. The data obtained from respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics illustrating mean, standard deviation (SD), sum, and percentage of students’ perceptions on the questionnaire dealing with ICC practices in EFL classroom. The findings reveal that the students enjoy interacting with other students from different cultures. Other evidences from the study are: 1) they find it easy to talk to students from different cultures, 2) they like to be with students from different cultures, 3) they are open-minded to students from different cultures, 4) they respect the ways students from different cultures behave, 5) They try to get as much information as they can when interacting with students from different cultures, 6) they never think their culture is better than other cultures, 7) they often give positive responses to students from other cultures when maintaining interaction, and 8) they have a feeling of enjoyment towards diversity in their classroom interaction. The implication of the study is that the inclusion of ICC in the curriculum at higher education is a must.
Índice de Calidad del Agua del río Yautepec del estado de Morelos
Authors: Valladares-Cisneros María Guadalupe , Lona Miranda Zalluly , Villegas González Zurisaday
Published: October 2022

El agua es un recurso natural vital para todos los seres vivos. Una herramienta importante que nos ayuda a determinar la calidad de diferentes cuerpos de agua y que al mismo tiempo permite identificar problemas y proponer soluciones es el Índice de la Calidad del Agua (ICA). La subcuenca del río Yautepec, ubicado en el estado de Morelos, abastece de agua a varios municipios aledaños a su cauce, debido al crecimiento poblacional y al uso inadecuado que se ha dado al recurso hídrico. Este río sufre de baja calidad y escasez de agua por temporal. Los estudios realizados en el río Yautepec muestran que ha tenido desatención, nulo cuidado y uso inadecuado de la subcuenca. De acuerdo con su ICA, presenta contaminación moderada, lo que indica que su agua no es apropiada para reutilizarse. Por ello, es de suma importancia tomar acciones inmediatas que permitan remediar el daño que presenta este recurso tan importante, porque sin agua no hay vida.
Diablo Guardián: roles de género y Bildungsroman en la tradición literaria mexicana
Authors: Gallegos de Dios Osbaldo Amauri
Published: October 2022

Se observa la evolución de la novela de iniciación o Bildungsroman, como también se le llama frecuentemente, en la literatura mexicana de la segunda mitad del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI. Posteriormente y bajo este contexto, el análisis se enfoca en la novela Diablo Guardián, de Xavier Velasco, la cual cuenta con Violetta como protagonista, personaje de género femenino que rompe con el protagónico masculino común de la Bildungsroman y con ello subvierte los roles de género, en comparación con su tradición literaria. Así, el análisis resulta importante porque la novela Diablo Guardián retoma pero, al mismo tiempo, modifica el esquema tradicional de las novelas de iniciación, si bien para ser sostenible mantiene algunas cualidades masculinas en el ahora protagónico femenino.
PERENCANAAN HIGH RISE BUILDING ATAU BANGUNAN BERTINGKAT DENGAN PERMODELAN KOLOM DAN BALOK TRANSFER
Authors: Alfandi Brian , Safitri Rully Angraeni , Purwanto Dery
Published: October 2022

Pembangunan dalam jumlah banyak menyebabkan semakin sempitnya lahan yang dapat digunakan. Pembangunan gedung ke arah vertikal di kota-kota besar menjadi solusi masalah keterbatasan lahan. Suatu bangunan gedung yang berlantai banyak perlu direncanakan dengan tepat dan teliti agar memenuhi kriteria kekuatan (strength), kenyamanan (serviceability), keselamatan (safety), dan umur rencana bangunan (durability).Balok transfer adalah balok yang menerima beban dari kolom di atasnya karena kolom terhenti di atas balok tersebut. Pada dasarnya balok transfer memiliki tugas yang sama dengan balok yang lainnya, yakni menerima beban kerja yang berasal dari pelat. Akan tetapi, kolom terhenti pada balok, maka balok juga menerima beban yang berasal dari kolom diatasnya. Program yang digunakan dalam analisis untuk mendapatkan hasil kinerja struktur gedung bertingkat dengan balok transfer menggunakan program ETABS v.9.7.0. Respon struktur terhadap gempa dipengaruhi oleh bentuk dari struktur gedung tersebut, dimana akibat adanya pemutusan kolom pada lantai membutuhkan dimensi balok yang lebih besar yang disebut dengan balok transfer.Kata kunci: Kolom, balok transfer,pelat,dan analisis dinamik respon spektrum pada program Etabs V.9.7.0
Sayam as a Sanction Model Against Children in Conflict with the Law in Aceh
Authors: Nur Muhammad , Harun Harun , Safrida Safrida , Farhan Alief
Published: October 2022

The Acehnese people use the sayam sanction approach to conflict resolution. Sayam is an Acehnese cultural framework influenced by Islamic values, which are still being implemented and were strengthened by Aceh Qanun Number 9 in 2008. This descriptive study of sayam as a model of sanctions for children in conflict with the law aimed to describe the characteristics of an individual involved, situation, symptom, or group in society. The juridical review is used because various factors influence applicable legal rules. According to the study's findings, the resolution of cases involving children in conflict with the law in Aceh is still carried out using sayam sanctions with three methods. In the first model, the resolution of cases involving children in conflict with the law is handled by the head of the family whose child is in conflict with the law with the family whose child is the victim. The most basic form of dispute resolution is recognized as a hereditary tradition still used by the community. In the second model, the victim child's parents report the perpetrator's evil actions against their children to the keuchiek (the head of the village). In this dispute resolution model, the active role of the keuchikas customary stakeholders and village leaders is more prominent. The third model in the sanction application against children in conflict with the law involves the Police. The Police actively supervise conflict resolution until a decision is reached at the gampong (village) level. However, in this resolution model, the Police are not actively involved in making decisions.
Development of Stilling Basin Models with Appurtenances
Authors: H. L. Tiwari  , M S Hora  , Bikram Prasad
Published: October 2022

This research paper describes about the experimental work leading to the sustainable  hydraulic structures by developing new stilling basin model as compared to USBR VI stilling basin model for pipe outlet using with sills.  The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for non-circular pipe outlet. Performance index (PI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models tested using same sand base material and test run time. The scour pattern was measured for each test run and flow pattern was also observed.  After 21 tests runs, it was found that the performance of stilling basin model improved even by reducing the length of basin from 8.4 d to 6 d by introducing  intermediate sill of square cross section along with USBR VI impact wall and end sill. Performance of this model was found to be better than USBR VI impact basin for similar flow condition at reduced length of 6 d from 8.4d where d is the equivalent diameter of pipe outlet.
Modern understanding of vitamin D and the genetic regulation of inflammation in various clinical models
Authors: Loshkova Elena V. , Kondratyeva Elena I. , Odinaeva Nuriniso D. , Khavkin Anatoly I.
Published: October 2022

The concept of this literature review is based on the scientific hypothesis that inflammation, which is the basis of various diseases, has common features, stages, pathophysiologically active substances that control the activity of inflammatory reactions, and general genetic control. In this literature review, individual diseases are grouped into several models based on the leading pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammation: autoimmune, microbial, lymphoproliferative, metabolic, and allergic. In connection with the importance of 25(OH) D for human health, its role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, the diversity of functions and the complexity of metabolism due to polymorphism of regulatory genes, on the one hand, it seems very important to monitor the supply of this biologically active effector to various population groups, as well as, timely detection of insufficient supply and the need for additional intake of vitamin D, switching to targeted therapy if necessary, and on the other hand, the study of certain features of the molecular genetic mechanisms of its influence on the course and outcome of diseases with various pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammation.
Hepatoprotective peptides of the drug Laennec
Authors: Torshin Ivan Yu. , Gromova Olga A. , Tikhonova Olga V. , Zgoda Viktor G.
Published: October 2022

Human placenta hydrolysates (HPH) have a pronounced hepatoprotective effect, the molecular mechanisms of which are not well understood. As a result of de novo mass spectrometric sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of peptides, 27 peptides were found in the Laennec HPP preparation, which (1) support inositol phosphate-dependent signaling pathways of hepatocytes, (2) activate the target proteins RARA, AMPK, and (3) inhibit target proteins Notch1, GSK-3, PAK1 and TLR4. By exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, vasodilatory, antiatherosclerotic, and antidiabetic properties, these peptides can make a significant contribution to the hepatoprotective properties of HLP.
Clinical and diagnostic value of alcohol biomarkers
Authors: Ikonnikova Karolina A. , Eroshhenko Nikolay N. , Shikh Evgenia V. , Drozdov Vladimir N.
Published: October 2022

Alcohol abuse is a socially significant problem that makes a significant negative contribution to the world health statistics. Alcohol is one of the main factors of mortality in Russia. Despite the current situation, the existing diagnostic approaches to patients with possible alcohol abuse and alcohol-associated diseases do not always allow us to determine the direct contribution of alcohol to the severity and prognosis of the course of these diseases. Objective diagnostic tools for identifying and monitoring the fact of alcohol consumption and its pattern in clinical practice can be useful from the point of view of managing the patient’s disease. In addition, informing the patients about the possibilities of such a diagnosis can motivate them to refuse to take alcohol during further treatment, thereby improving the prognosis of the disease. Currently, various approaches have been developed to assess the fact and nature of alcohol consumption, including the direct determination of ethanol in the blood, but not all of them have found their wide application in clinical practice. In this review, we presented information about the main alcohol biomarkers currently developed: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, mean corpuscular volume, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, ethylglucuronide and ethylsulfate, phosphatidylethanol, ethyl esters of fatty acids, described their disadvantages and advantages in terms of application in clinical practice. Despite the high sensitivity and specificity of some alcohol biomarkers, for example, phosphatidylethanol, the results of laboratory assessment of the content of alcohol biomarkers should be interpreted only in the context of all relevant factors, including the clinical presentation, medical history, mental and physical health of the patient
Wilson’s disease: a review of clinical guidelines, literature and a case report
Authors: Luzina Elena V. , Yemelyanova Olga N. , Shcherbak Vladimir A. , Fyodorova Larisa V. , Borovik Natalia N.
Published: October 2022

Wilson’s disease (hepatocerebral dystrophy) is a rare hereditary disease that is caused by impaired copper metabolism affecting many organs, but mainly the liver and nervous system. Interest in the problem does not subside, because diagnosis and management of patients presents certain difficulties. The article highlights the literature data, clinical recommendations when discussing their own clinical observation of two patients (brother and sister) in whom the disease was diagnosed in childhood. Presented are clinical data, dynamics of laboratory parameters during 15 years of follow-up against the background of adequate chelation therapy with D-penicylamine and zinc sulfate, as well as during interruption of treatment. The necessity of adherence to a lifelong regimen of therapy is emphasized, since it is this tactic that demonstrates effectiveness in improving the prognosis of the disease.
Pancreatic cancer, pancreatogenic diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Druk I. V.
Published: October 2022

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of death among all types of cancer. PC is very aggressive with a low 5-year overall survival rate. The highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly exceeding the average population, is registered among patients with prostate cancer Recommendations for systemic screening of patients with diabetes for the detection of PC are not standardized. The purpose of this review is to present an analysis of current literature data on pathogenetic relationships between DM and PC and prospects for PC screening. Research data indicate that there is a bidirectional relationship between DM and PC, in which DM can act either as a risk factor for PC or as a marker of paraneoplastic syndrome of PC. In the differential diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, pancreatogenic diabetes and diabetes associated with PC, a set of clinical signs can be used. Patients with DM who have additional signs/symptoms of increased risk can be considered as a group subject to mandatory screening. Numerous studies of various proteomic, metabolomic, genetic and transcriptomic biomarkers PC have been published. The search for an easy-to-use clinically useful and cost-effective PC marker is still ongoing.
Сolorectal cancer screening: how the problem is solved in Russia and the world
Authors: Lyalyukova E. A. , Amanatidis L. A. , Konovalova G. M. , Ovsyannikova S. Yu.
Published: October 2022

Colorectal cancer is an urgent health problem in Russia and other countries. The aim is to present up-to-date data on CRC screening programs. A review of current recommendations has shown the effectiveness of screening programs using occult blood tests and fibrocolonoscopy in reducing morbidity and mortality from colorectal cancer. The implementation of screening programs in Russia is presented as part of the development of preventive medicine in general.
Gastric cancer in a patient with chronic gastritis after H. pylori eradication: assessing the risks
Authors: Livzan M. A. , Gaus O. V. , Mozgovoi S. I.
Published: October 2022

Stomach cancer occupies a leading position in oncological morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 800,000 people die from stomach cancer every year. In two-thirds of patients gastric cancer is diagnosed at a late stage, when radical treatment becomes impossible. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is considered as the main etiological factor for gastric cancer. To stratify the risk of developing gastric cancer an assessment of morphological changes in the gastric mucosa using the Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment of Atrophic Gastritis (OLGA) system is used. The stage of gastritis plays a key role in determining an individual’s risk of developing stomach cancer. H. pylori eradication therapy is an effective method for preventing gastric cancer. However not in all patients the elimination of the infection can prevent the development of gastric cancer in the future. It is extremely important to identify a group of people with ex-helicobacter gastritis, who have a high risk of developing stomach cancer, and to take timely preventive measures in them. The purpose of this publication is to summarize and systematize the currently available data on the risk of developing gastric cancer in patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis, including those after successful eradication.
Features of diet therapy for Clostridium difficile- associated disease
Authors: Pilat T. L. , Lazebnik L. B. , Kuznetzova Y. G. , Khanferyan R. A.
Published: October 2022

This review presents literature data on the prevalence, clinical picture, risk factors of development and modern approaches to diet therapy of the disease caused by Clostridium difficile (С. difficile). Particular attention is paid to modern methods of medical nutrition, taking into account the symptoms and factors of intoxication of the organism. Data on the possibility of using domestic products of dietary nutrition treatment for the restoration of the functions of the organism, the state of the microbiome, the detoxification of the organism and its rehydration have been analyzed.
The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: features of prevention and treatment
Authors: Khakuasheva I. A. , Umetov M. A. , Zheletezheva L. A. , Tkhamokov A. M.
Published: October 2022

Relevance. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multidisciplinary problem and occupies a significant place among chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs). The main causes of death from this nosology are cardiovascular pathology and neoplasms. This article discusses the main problems of underestimation of diagnosis in patients with high cardiovascular risk of NAFLD. In particular, attention is paid to the risks of developing hepatocellular carcinoma without previous cirrhosis. The aim of the study was to describe a typical portrait of a patient with a very high cardiovascular risk (CVR) with NAFLD and the features of the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HC) in this category of patients. Research materials. The case history of a patient with stage 3 arterial hypertension, functional class II (FC) angina pectoris, postinfarction cardiosclerosis in combination with NAFLD in the stage of liver steatosis, stage 1 obesity, and impaired carbohydrate tolerance is presented. Results. Against the background of corrected antihypertensive therapy, blood pressure and heart rate returned to normal. The level of transaminases approached the reference values, there was a tendency to reduce total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides. According to volumetric sphygmography, vascular age began to approach the passport age, the augmentation index became within negative values, the ankle-brachial index remained unchanged, and an increase in endothelial function was observed. Conclusion. This clinical case provides an example of successful treatment of NAFLD and dyslipidaemia in a patient with very high CV risk. With this in mind, it is necessary to timely use drugs that directly affect the stages of the formation and progression of NAFLD, which should be actively prescribed for the prevention of GC.
Analysis of local expression of inflammatory cytokines genes in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and its association with types and number of gastroesophageal refluxes
Authors: Morozov S. V. , Sentsova T. B. , Isakov V. A.
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in esophageal mucosa in patients with erosive esophagitis (EE) and non-erosive form (NERD) of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and perform correlation analysis between the genes expression and types and number of gastroesophageal refluxes. Methods. This was a single-center prospective study. Esophageal mucosa samples were taken from lower part of the esophagus during endoscopy. Expression of IL-1b, IL-10, IL-18, TNFA, TLR4, GATA3, CD68 and beta-2 macroglobulin genes was assessed with ImmunoQuantex assays. Multichannel intraluminal esophageal pH-impedance studies were performed with Ohmega recorder and 2pH-6impedance catheters. Results. Data of 60 patients (females - 34; mean age (M±SD) 54.6 years, 20 - with erosive esophagitis) were available for the analysis. In those with EE, there was higher expression of IL-18 (5.89±0.4 vs 5.28±1.1, p=0.04), GATA3 (2.92±0.86 vs 2.23±0.96, p=0.03) genes, and inflammatory index (92.12±32.41% vs 70.1±30.8%, p=0.02) compared to NERD. Direct correlation was found between acid exposure time and expression of IL-1b (Spearman rank R = 0.29), IL-18 (R=0.31), TNFA (R=0.35), GATA3 (R=0.34), TLR4 (R=0.29), CD68 (R=0.37) genes and inflammatory index (R=0.3). Indirect correlation was revealed between mean рН and expressions of IL-18 (R= -0.28), TNFA (R= -0.33), GATA3 (R= -0.28), TLR4 (R= -0.28), CD68 (R= -0.39) genes and inflammatory index (R= -0.17). No correlation was found between the genes’ expression and number of gastroesophageal refluxes. Conclusions: Expression of proinflammatory cytokines’ genes differ in patients with EE and NERD. There is a correlation between expression of studied genes and esophageal acidity.
Difficulties in diagnosing choledocholithiasis with anomalies of the confluence of the cystic duct
Authors: Bedin V. V. , Korzheva I. Y. , Tavobilov M. M. , Amirov M. Z.
Published: October 2022

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Personal and creative contacts of Isma‘il Gasprinsky with the Muslim intelligentsia of Transcaucasia
Authors: Seitmemetova S. A.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to Isma‘il Gasprinsky's personal and creative contacts with the Muslim intelligentsia of Transcaucasia: with prominent Azerbaijani teachers, publishers and public figures. Based on the materials of the “Terjiman” newspaper and books stored in the funds of the Bakhchisarai Museum-Reserve, the article discovers the closest circle of Transcaucasian acquaintances and the like-minded people of the educator. Gasprinsky played a significant role in the formation of the national periodical press, new educational literature and the dissemination of the Jadid education system in the territory of modern Azerbaijan.
Isma‘il Gasprinsky on integration of Muslims into socio-political space of the Russian Empire
Authors: Tikhonova N. E.
Published: October 2022

The article examines the socio-political “Muslim project” put forward at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries by the famous Muslim figure, publisher and teacher Isma’il Gasprinsky (1851–1914), in the light of the problem of integration of Russian Muslims.

A key factor in ensuring better social mobility of Muslims in the Russian Empire is the diverse initiatives of Isma’il Gasprinsky in the field of education.

Moreover, Isma‘il Gasprinsky consistently advocated for restructuration and gradual unification of the Muslim spiritual assemblies in his own “Perevodchik-Terjiman” newspaper. At the same time, he justified the existence of this institution as a rational governing body for imperial Muslim subjects.

Under the circumstances of the Russian Revolution of 1905 his attitude towards unification of Muslim spiritual assemblies has evolved into a paradigm of “national-cultural autonomy” for Russian Muslims. This idea, in particular, was proposed by the All-Russian Muslim Union, affiliated with Gasprinsky.

This article argues that despite the questions, which this project posed, gradually transformed, the project itself kept following its dual, though, consistent aim. On the one hand, to consolidate Muslims as a particular group of subjects and inform them about the potential social opportunities in the imperial society, on the other, to assure the official authorities that imperial Muslims are eager to be integrated (not assimilated, though).
On the Falsafa concept of God’s knowledge
Authors: Ibrahim T. , Efremova N. V.
Published: October 2022

This article serves as an introduction to the translation of the book “The Incoherence of the Incoherence” (Tahafut at-Tahafut) of the peripatetic philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes, 1126–1198), written in response to the work of the theologian-asharite al-Ghazali (1058–1111) “The Incoherence of the Philosophers” (Tahafut al-Falasifa). The paper highlights the Quranic paradigm, the Kalam and Falsafa approaches to the demonstration of the “knowledge” attribute.

The work presents a brief overview of the controversy of two thinkers around related issues – about God’s knowledge of the universals and about His knowledge of Himself. Moreover, the research notes the connection between the book of Ibn Rushd and his earlier theological and polemical treatises: “On God’s knowledge”, “On the correlation between philosophy and religion” and “On the methods of proof for the principles of creed”.
The anatomy of fascism and the social necessity of its denial: memory is needed by the living
Authors: Nechevin Dmitry
Published: October 2022

The study is an attempt to show one of the greatest tragedies of mankind of the XX century - the Second World War in the light of today’s realities. History knows many examples of cruelty and inhumanity of bloody crimes, but never before have atrocities and atrocities been committed on such a scale as the fascists did in 1941-1945. The article analyzes the history of fascism: its nature, genesis, triumph, defeat, crimes.
A single nucleotide variant on chromosome 10 residing within FBH1 distinguishes patients with basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). Black women are disproportionately diagnosed with basal subtype or triple negative breast cancer for reasons that are not yet understood (3, 4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing genetic and transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer and integrated this with DNA sequence information aggregated from across earth to identify sites that are blindly associated with the basal subtype and that harbor imbalance of allelic frequency based on race. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2274030, residing within FBH1 as among the most significant genetic differences in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. However, allelic frequency at this site was not significantly different between black women and white women. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that FBH1 primary tumor expression was correlated with recurrence-free survival in human breast cancer. Tumor expression of FBH1 was correlated with overall survival in black but not white women. Sequence variation in the FBH1 gene may be important in understanding differences in genetic background that favor development of basal subtype human breast cancer.
A single-nucleotide variant on chromosome 6, rs4707376, residing within RARS2 is associated with the basal-like (triple negative) phenotype in human breast cancer, and black women display an allelic frequency imbalance at this site.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). Black women are disproportionately diagnosed with basal subtype or triple negative breast cancer for reasons that are not yet understood (3, 4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing genetic and transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer and integrated this with DNA sequence information aggregated from across earth to identify sites that are blindly associated with the basal subtype and that harbor imbalance of allelic frequency based on race. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs4707376, residing within RARS2 as among the most significant genetic differences in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Allele frequency at this site was significantly different between black women and white women. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that RARS2 primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in patients with HER2+ subtype breast cancer. Tumor expression of RARS2 was correlated with recurrence-free survival in white women but not black women. Sequence variation in the RARS2 gene may be important in understanding differences in genetic background that favor development of basal subtype human breast cancer.
ई-लर्निंग एक अध्ययन
Authors: BAGDE RAKSHIT MADAN
Published: October 2022

Teaching through e-learning is mostly based on computer and internet. E-learning Interpre-tation - To provide student/employee training and development through various electronic means like internet, audio, video etc. Web-based learning ranges from e-learning in gen-eral to electronic learning as well as virtual learning. Today, people's books are researched as well as konalatari questions and internet first questions. The importance of e-learning has increased. Various topics, interactive clas-ses and courses as well as programs fullpane network dili jataat. E-mail, live lectures and video conferencing enables a lot of partici-pants to participate on specific topics and to discuss and discuss. Video conferencing like live chatcha madhyatun vegweganya topic dis-cussion honyachi dat sakty aahe. All the par-ticipants participated in the printed exercises, the literature, the books, the stable pages were available to see.
Metacognitive awareness is needed for analogical transfer between dissimilar tasks
Authors: Ivanchei Ivan Ivanovich , Servetnik Maria
Published: October 2022

In two experiments, we investigated a cross-task transfer of implicit knowledge between two dissimilar tasks requiring manual motor activity. In the first experiment, participants were aware of the relevance of their experience in one task for the solution of the other. In this condition, we observed transfer. In the second experiment, the participants did not know about the relationships between the two tasks, and the transfer did not occur. Concurrent verbalisation was harmful in the first experiment but helped participants in the second experiment. We conclude that one has to be metacognitively aware that one has a relevant representation to allow for its transfer between two dissimilar tasks. We discuss the obtained results within recent theories of analogous transfer from different research domains, such as problem-solving, implicit learning, and motor control.
Estimation of surface PM2.5 with MODIS Aerosol optical depth and source identification using trajectory analysis: A case of Hyderabad City, India
Authors: Ashok Selvetikar , Sekhar M. Chandra , Reddy D Rama Bhupal
Published: October 2022

Satellite measurements are important for quantifying the ground observations and atmosphere columnar properties like Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) especially in developing countries like India. In this study Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieval’s AOD product has been used having 3 km and 10 km spatial resolution from terra and aqua satellites, The MODIS AOD data and meteorological parameters from May 2017 to May 2019 were used. The Multiple linear regression method is implemented in this study. The study concluded that there is a good agreement in the prediction of PM2.5 at Zoopark location, whereas in other monitoring locations the agreement between AOD and measured PM2.5 is relatively poor. The particulate matter (PM) concentrations are influenced by the local source regions and the long-range transport of pollutant through the wind, whereas the source regions identified based on the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF), Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (CWT) and Cluster analysis indicate the dominant source regions. Results indicate that the Central India and East Indian regions are more dominating source regions at Hyderabad location in the winter season. It was found that the lower altitude layer showed the major source of local regions nearby receptor. The cluster analysis indicates that the high intensity from the East Indian regions. This paper not only demonstrates reasonable prediction accuracy but also provides the model uncertainties which lays foundation for further study.
Approaches to Local Community Participation in Tourism Development
Authors: Bhandari Lokraj
Published: October 2022

Tourism has gradually developed in the wave of human civilization. However, it has not reached the level of Sustainable Tourism Development (STD). This paper is trying to explore its underneath causes by applying the desk study research method. This study has underscored two major reasons for no confirmation of STD to date. The first one is the misuse of Local Community Participation (LCP) instead of assuring the sovereign role of locals for their participation from tourism planning to its execution. The second one is ‘no successful attempts of the researchers to make holistic planning from different approaches given by the researchers in the ‘tourism and travel’. Furthermore, in the developing economy where good governance is hard to realize, even the sectoral planning of each economic sector is to be made and implemented as a backup plan.
Buddhism and Tourism: A General Review
Authors: Acharya Sushma
Published: October 2022

Everyone in the world is Buddhist because every heart has love, peace, and compassion. This is a study to find out the gap in knowledge between Buddhism and tourism. Buddhism pursues happiness by using knowledge and practice to achieve mental equanimity. In Buddhism, equanimity, or peace of mind, is achieved by detaching oneself from the cycle of craving that produces suffering and travelling broadens horizons and provides patience. It relieves stress and unwinds the mind to develop tolerance and empathy. Travelling helps to discover self. It helps to be open-minded, offers break from routine life, and provides patience. It relieves stress and unwinds the mind. It discovers human strengths and weaknesses. This article examines the social connectivity between Buddhism and tourism in Nepal. Methodologically, it is desk based qualitative study. It is a general review of Buddhism and tourism. The study finds a Buddhist worldview, plays a significant role in shaping attitudes toward Buddhist tourism.
हाम्रो संस्कृति: एक अध्ययन {Our Culture: A Study}
Authors: गौतम सुन्दर
Published: October 2022

विद्यमान नेपाली समाजको गतिशीलतामा विज्ञान र प्रविधिले केही नयाँपन पक्कै दिएको छ । तर पनि प्रविधिलाई आत्मसात गर्दैगर्दा मानवीय प्रवृत्तिमा के र कस्ता अन्योन्याश्रित सम्बन्धहरूको प्रभाव परेको छ त ? त्यस विषयमा स्पष्ट हुन आवश्यक छ । यद्यपि संस्कृति संरक्षणको नाममा भोगिरहेका विकृतिहरूले वर्तमानमा पारेको प्रभावबाट भावि पुस्ताको दिनचर्यालाई कति मर्यादित बनाउने हो, त्यो हेर्न र बुझ्न बाँकी नै छ । मूल रूपमा नेपालको राष्ट्रिय संस्कृतिका विविध पक्षले हाम्रो सिङ्गो नेपाली समाजमा स्थापित गरेका मौलिक मूल्य र मान्यता नै हाम्रा सांस्कृतिक सम्पत्तिहरू हुन् भनेर आज हरेकले बुझ्न सक्नुपर्दछ र त्यस अनुरूप नै हाम्रा दैनिकीहरू चल्नु पनि पर्दछ । यसो गर्न सकियो भने निश्चय पनि आउँदा दिनहरूमा मानवीय मूल्य मान्यताको संरक्षण सँगै संस्कृतिप्रति सबैको सद्भाव र विश्वास रहन सक्छ । जसका लागि सरोकारवाला सबैको ध्यान जान आज जरुरी छ ।
विद्यमान नेपाली समाजको गतिशीलतामा विज्ञान र प्रविधिले केही नयाँपन पक्कै दिएको छ । तर पनि प्रविधिलाई आत्मसात गर्दैगर्दा मानवीय प्रवृत्तिमा के र कस्ता अन्योन्याश्रित सम्बन्धहरूको प्रभाव परेको छ, त्यस विषयमा स्पष्ट हुन आवश्यक छ । यद्यपि संस्कृति संरक्षणको नाममा भोगिरहेका विकृतिहरूले वर्तमानमा पारेको प्रभावबाट भावि पुस्ताको दिनचर्यालाई कति मर्यादित बनाउने हो, त्यो हेर्न र बुझ्न बाँकी नै छ । मूलरूपमा नेपालको राष्ट्रिय संस्कृतिका विविध पक्षले हाम्रो सिङ्गो नेपाली समाजमा स्थापित गरेका मौलिक मूल्य र मान्यता नै हाम्रा सांस्कृतिक सम्पत्तिहरू हुन् भनेर आज हरेकले बुझ्न सक्नुपर्दछ र, त्यस अनुरूप नै हाम्रा दैनिकीहरू चल्नु पनि पर्दछ । यसो गर्न सकियो भने निश्चय पनि आउँदा दिनहरूमा मानवीय मूल्य मान्यताको संरक्षण सँगै संस्कृतिप्रति सबैको सदभाव र विश्वास रहन सक्छ । जसका लागि सरोकारवाला सबैको ध्यान जान आज जरुरी छ । नेपालको बदलिँदो राजनैतीक तथा सामाजिक परिवेशमा त झनै संस्कृतिको महत्वलाई  व्यवहारिकीरण तर्फ लैजानै पर्ने देखिएको छ । आधुनिक बन्ने बहानामा स्वीकार्न थालिएका नयाँ परिस्थितिहरूसँग हाम्रा प्राचीन मूल्य र मान्यताहरू स्खलीत हुने प्रचुर सम्भावना देखिन थालेको हुँदा त्यस प्रवृत्तिको न्यूनीकरण गर्ने प्रयास तर्फ हरेक संस्कृति प्रेमीको ध्यान समयमै जान जरुरी छ, जसबाट हामी सुसंस्कृत पनि बन्न सक्छौं ।
Domestic Violence during Pregnancy among Postnatal Women in Tertiary Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Prajapati Laxmi Maiya , Shrestha Sarala
Published: October 2022

Domestic violence is the most prevalent pregnancy-related health issue in developing county. The health of both mother and child is seriously jeopardized. This research was to assess the incidence of psychological, physical, economical and sexual violence during pregnancy among postnatal mothers at Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University's Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 804 postnatal women. The respondents were chosen using a systematic random sampling strategy. Findings of the study revealed that the majority of respondents stated that they had little experienced psychological violence such as meeting restrictions, work obstruction, unjustified blaming, or threats during pregnant. The minority of responders indicate they have sometimes been slapped, pushed, yanked hair, burnt, attacked, or strangled by a family member while pregnant. Very few Respondents state that they have  experienced sexual violence, such as being pushed or coerced to have sex when they are physically and mentally exhausted or have no interest. In that 36. % respondents experience tension during pregnancy due to domestic fights, 54.7% have faced such issue. Study show that domestic violence to pregnant women was seems .
The Differential Effects of Focused and Comprehensive Corrective Feedback on Accuracy of Revision and New Writing
Authors: Lira-Gonzales Maria-Lourdes , Nassaji Hossein
Published: October 2022

This study compared the differential effects of focused and comprehensive written corrective feedback (WCF) on the accuracy of revision and new pieces of writing. It also examined whether the effects depended on feedback sub-types. Data were collected from 87 Grade 6 students in an intensive English program over seven sessions. Students were first divided into three groups: two treatment groups and one control group. The treatment groups were then divided into three subgroups based on three feedback sub-types (i.e., direct, indirect underline, and indirect metalinguistic cues). Students produced three pieces of writing, revised them, and produced new writings. Findings revealed that both focused and comprehensive feedback types improved learners’ accuracy of revision and subsequent writings, and focused feedback was more effective than comprehensive feedback. The effect of both feedback types, however, varied across writing sessions. Additionally, an interaction of comprehensive feedback and feedback subtypes was found on the accuracy of revision.