bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEWS2, 4C Mortality Score, COVID-GRAM, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Quick scales as outcomes assessment tools for severe COVID-19 (pilot retrospective cohort study)
Authors: Vechorko V. I. , Averkov O. V. , Grishin D. V. , Zimin A. A.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To study the predictive ability of the NEWS2, 4C Mortality Score, COVID-GRAM and qSOFA scales in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized in a multidisciplinary hospital.

Material and methods. The pilot retrospective cohort study used data from 90 patients (52 — intensive care unit subgroup, 38 — general unit subgroup) with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 hospitalized in the O.M. Filatov City Clinical Hospital № 15 (Moscow) from January to March 2021.

Results. The probability of a positive outcome of the disease significantly negatively correlates with the patient’s age (R=-0,514; p=0,0002). The best correlation with the COVID-19 outcome had a 4C Mortality Score (R=0,836; p=0,0001). Logistic regression revealed a significant dependence of the “outcome” and “age” parameters with the greatest accuracy in the form of age subgroups according to the World Health Organization classification with odds ratio (OR) of 4,29 (p=0,0001). As a result of ROC analysis, the best predictive ability of disease outcomes was shown for the 4C Mortality Score (area under curve (AUC)=0,878; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0,782- 0,975 (p=0,00001)) and COVID-GRAM (AUC=0,807; 95% CI: 0,720- 0,895 (p=0,00001)); taking into account the division of patients into age subgroups, optimal predictive tools were obtained: in subgroups 18-44 years old and 45-59 years old  — the 4С Mortality Score (AUC=0,892, 95% CI: 0,762-0,980 (p=0,002) and AUC=0,853, 95% CI: 0,784-0,961 (p=0,0014), respectively); in the subgroup 60-74 years old — the COVID-GRAM (AUC=0,833, 95% CI: 0,682-0,990 (p=0,038)); in subgroups 75-90 years and >90 years  — NEWS2 (AUC=0,958, 95% CI: 0,807-1,0 (p=0,002) and AUC=0,818, 95% CI: 0,713-0,996 (p=0,006), respectively). ROC analysis showed that the age of 70 years is the threshold value, above which the probability of an unfavorable COVID-19 outcome increases significantly (OR=11,63; 95% CI: 9,72- 12,06 (p=0,0052)).

Conclusion. The pilot study showed the significance of predicting the hospitalization outcome of patients with severe COVID-19. The 4C Mortality Score and COVID-GRAM scales had the best predictive accuracy. The specificity and sensitivity of the scores depended on the age of a patient. The age of 70 years was the threshold value at which the risk of an adverse outcome increased significantly. Based on the data obtained, it is planned to study the problem of predicting the disease course, taking into account the severity of COVID-19.
Development, validation and assessment of reproducibility of a modern version of semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for the adult population
Authors: Karamnova N. S. , Maksimov S. A. , Shalnova S. A. , Shvabskaia O. B. , Izmailova O. V. , Ivanova E. I. , Molchanova O. V. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: March 2022

The changing structure of food consumption requires updating the nutrition assessment tool, taking into account modern dietary patterns.

Aim. To develop, evaluate the validity and reproducibility of semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for the adult population.

Material and methods. The FFQ questionnaire was developed as part of the Russian part of the international Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. To compare the quantitative parameters of the energy and nutritional value of diet, the validation used data on the actual nutrition of 294 men and women aged 25-65 years, collected by 2 methods: 24-hour dietary recall (24hDR) — 4 surveys per year (1 time per season) and the developed FFQ — 2 surveys: initially (FFQ1) and after 12 months (FFQ2).

Results. The minimum mean values for the vast majority of nutrients were recorded by the 24hDR method, while higher values — by FFQ2, and maximum values  — by FFQ1. Pearson’s correlation coefficients ranged from 0,19 (retinol equivalent) to 0,53 (cholesterol), showing a moderate relationship between the two methods. After crossclassification, the proportion of subjects assigned to the same quartile of 24hDR and FFQ2 nutrient profile ranged from 26,9% (β-carotene) to 43,5% (cholesterol), and those assigned to opposite quartiles ranged from 3,1% (cholesterol) to 11,2% (retinol equivalent), indicating good agreement between these methods. The Bland-Altman plots showed slightly overestimated FFQ2 scores for total carbohydrate, protein, and dietary calories. The Pearson correlation between FFQ1 and FFQ2 values ranged from 0,46 to 0,82. The intraclass correlation showed the questionnaire reproducibility coefficients lower than the Pearson correlation. However, most of them remained at a value of >0,60.

Conclusion. The results showed predominantly moderate validity and good reproducibility of the modern FFQ version, which allows it to be used to assess nutrition in the adult population with estimation of the energy and nutritional value of diet in the protocols of Russian epidemiological, preventive and clinical studies.
Prospects for developing and implementing remote blood pressure monitoring in patients under dispensary follow-up
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Korsunsky D. V. , Komkov D. S. , Kalinina A. M.
Published: March 2022

Recently, the use of telemedicine technologies (TMT) in the healthcare has gained great importance. TMT is one of the ways to increase the healthcare availability, including in patients with high blood pressure (BP). Office BP measurement and 24-hour BP monitoring are not accurate enough to study natural or induced BP changes over long periods of time. For the selection of antihypertensive drugs and the diagnosis of hypertension (HTN) in patients with an emotionally unstable personality type, as well as in the differential diagnosis of normotension, preHTN, BP selfmonitoring comes first. The use of BP self-monitoring for the diagnosis, selection of therapy, assessment of adherence and effectiveness of treatment of HTN is more effective with remote, socalled telemetric, dynamic BP monitoring. The article presents world experience in the effective use of dynamic remote BP monitoring using TMT.
Predicting Gene-Drug-Disease Interactions by integrating Heterogeneous Biological Data Through a Network Model
Authors: Hanaf Hamza , Hassani Badr , Kbir M’hamed
Published: March 2022

Abstract Prediction of gene-drug-disease interactions have talented new insights in biology. Discovering unknown interactions will provide new therapeutic approaches to explore gene expressions. Recent improvements in machine learning techniques have gotten considerable interest due to higher efficiency, accurate results, and their lower cost. However, most of the studies were ignoring relevant associations, by representing only drug-disease interactions on a network while public available data offers a large variety of interactions. Additionally, some computational techniques used in this domain are faced with new challenges, related to the organization of heterogeneous data which suffer from a high imbalance rate since there are extensively more non-interacting gene-drug-disease triplets than interacting ones. In this paper we present integration of heterogeneous biological data about genes, drugs, and diseases to build a model, and building a new graph representation relating genedrug-disease interactions. Using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm, we have been able to extract a list of valid interactions about gene-drug-disease triplets, and a list of gene-drug pairs related to lung cancer. Keywords: Biological heterogeneous data, Data integration, Gene-DrugDisease interactions, Machine learning.
Construction and validation of educational technology for family members of people with venous ulcers
Authors: Ferreira Saionara Leal , Barbosa Islene Victor , Alexandre Solange Gurgel , Abreu Rita Neuma Dantas Cavalcante de , Mota Cecília Freitas de Araújo , Cabral Jennifer Ferreira Figueiredo , Oliveira Geise Moreira Sales de , Vidal Cybelly Teixeira
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate an educational technology in the form of a booklet, aimed at the family members of people with venous ulcers to assist them in their care. Methods: A methodological study, which went through the stages of bibliographic survey and situational diagnosis for the construction of the booklet and validation of content, appearance, and adequacy with judges and the target audience. The Content Validity Index, the Suitability Assessment of Materials, and the Concordance Index were used. Results: In the validation with the content and appearance judges, the booklet showed an excellent overall Content Validity Index (tCVI=0.92). The technical judges evaluated the booklet as “superior” (average of 91%). The booklet underwent adjustments, and validation was performed with the target population, reaching an agreement rate higher than 75%. Conclusion: The educational booklet developed was validated for content and appearance and considered suitable for use by family members of people with venous ulcers.
Validation of the Trackhealth physical activity monitor
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo Ansaloni de , Sasaki Jeffer Eidi , Ferraz Natália Lujan , Oliveira Álvaro Ribeiro Gomes de , Moraes Pedro Henrique Ataides de , Virtuoso Júnior Jair Sindra
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT This is a quantitative methodological study for the validation of a research instrument. It aimed to validate the data from the TrackHealth accelerometry device. The sample consisted of 30 adult individuals of both sexes selected by convenience who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The physical activity monitors used for the research protocol were the ActiGraph® wGT3X-BT triaxial accelerometer and the TrackHealth accelerometer (TH). The activity protocol consisted of 4 (four) activities (walking at 4.8 and 6.4 km h1 and running at 9.7 and 12 km h1) performed in the laboratory, on an Ibramed treadmill, lasting 5 (five) minutes at each stage. A difference was found between the raw acceleration data of the two devices, however the TrackHealth device showed higher sensitivity at speeds of 4.8 and 6.4 km/h, and a high level of agreement (2.7-2.8%) at the initial speeds of the magnitude vectors. However, there is still a need for improvement in the functioning of the device, so that TrackHealth can be commercialized.
Parenting Styles and Moral Emotions of Adolescents in Conflict with the Law
Authors: Laskoski Lorena Maria , Fernandes Maria Nilvane , Doria Gustavo Manoel Schier
Published: March 2022

Abstract The cognitive and emotional development of adolescents is affected by how they perceive their parents’ upbringing, or parenting style. This study aimed to verify the relationship between the perception of parenting styles by adolescents who committed transgressive acts and compare it to that of adolescents without such a history, also searching for associations with the moral emotions of pride, shame, and guilt. In total, 219 adolescents in conflict with the law and 243 non-offender adolescents participated in the study. They answered questionnaires containing sociodemographic questions and scales that assess moral emotions and parenting styles. The Chi-square and t-test were used to verify significant correlations between the demandingness dimension of the perceived parenting style and the practice of transgressive acts. Results revealed that the demandingness dimension and two guilt factors can act as protection against transgressive acts, especially in male adolescents.
O CASO MARIE CURIE PELA LENTE DA HISTÓRIA CULTURAL DA CIÊNCIA: DISCUTINDO RELAÇÕES ENTRE MULHERES, CIÊNCIA E PATRIARCADO NA EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Jamal Natasha Obeid El , Guerra Andreia
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: A pesquisa aqui apresentada foi construída na premissa que a educação em ciências deve superar um ensino voltado à aprendizagem de conceitos científicos, indo em direção a uma educação crítica e conectada com questões políticas da modernidade, como as relações entre ciência e patriarcado. A partir da recorrência na literatura de Marie Curie como exemplo de mulher na ciência, desenvolvemos a pesquisa com vistas a responder a seguinte questão: quais condições possibilitaram Marie Curie a participar da ciência e como a compreensão dessas condições permite caminhos na educação em ciências capazes de promover discussões a respeito dos baixos números de exemplos femininos na história da ciência. Com base em referenciais da educação em ciências e da História Cultural da Ciência, construímos subsídios para responder à pergunta de pesquisa, apontando que trazer exemplos de mulheres na ciência é insuficiente para uma suposta representatividade feminina. Isso porque a visibilidade de uma cientista depende de suas condições de participar das práticas científicas e, portanto, para termos mais mulheres na ciência, as condições estruturais para elas trabalharem devem ser ampliadas.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO ANIMAL COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO: ETAPA 2 DO MODELO DE RECONSTRUÇÃO EDUCACIONAL (MRE)
Authors: FISCHER MARTA LUCIANE , FURLAN ANA LAURA DINIZ
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: Buscando atender a 2ª etapa do modelo de reconstrução educacional objetivou-se caracterizar a representação do animal como recurso didático e dos métodos alternativos/substitutivos para licenciados, bacharéis e graduandos do curso de ciências biológicas. As 331 respostas obtidas por questionário on line evidenciaram que embora a escolha do curso seja passional, que haja adesão às alternativas e conhecimento dos princípios éticos, muitos participantes legitimaram as aulas com animais. O instrumento permitiu identificar as peculiaridades de cada grupo, principalmente associadas com nível de ensino e formação anterior ou posterior a Lei 11.794/08. Os resultados apontam para importância de associar a formação com um arcabouço teórico metodológico possibilitando a capacitação para funções técnicas e educacionais com conduta humanitária, ética, crítica, responsável e sustentável.
Contratos inteligentes y automatización como desarrollos aplicados del legaltech en Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas Erick Rincón , Molano Valeria Martínez
Published: March 2022

Resumen Legaltech es una realidad que ha venido para modificar en su totalidad la forma tradicional en que se prestan los servicios jurídicos; así, se manifiesta como una parte esencial de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial, que pretende utilizar las herramientas tecnológicas en el ejercicio de la profesión legal y en beneficio de los clientes. Una aplicación de la tecnología en el Derecho se relaciona con la automatización de contratos y los contratos inteligentes, los cuales cuentan con similitudes, pero a la vez con numerosas diferencias respecto a los contratos tradicionalmente celebrados, bien sea en medios físicos o por medios electrónicos. Este texto demuestra que los smart contracts pueden considerarse como verdaderos contratos en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano, y no como simples instrumentos para ejecutar prestaciones, los cuales están en capacidad de brindar una mayor seguridad a las partes, a la vez que evidencian una materialización de la autonomía de la voluntad para la realización de los negocios jurídicos. Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, aún se presentan situaciones propias de la tecnología que generan cuestionamientos sobre su aplicación y naturaleza como contratos y que, a la fecha, con la tecnología existente, todavía no cuentan con una respuesta.
Acai palm base temperatures and thermal time requirements in eastern Amazon
Authors: Sousa Denis de Pinho , Frare Julio Cesar Vieira , Farias Vivian Dielly da Silva , Nunes Hildo Giuseppe Garcia Caldas , Martins Maurício Souza , Lima Ana Flavia Trindade de , Tavares Lucas Belém , Costa Deborah Luciany Pires , Lima Marcus José Alves de , Carvalho Claudio José Reis de , Souza Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de
Published: March 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to deter mine the base temperatures, thermal time requirements, and length of the main reproductive growth stages of acai palm (Euterpe oleracea) in the northeast of the state of Pará, in eastern Amazon, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from 2017 to 2019 in a 10 ha acai plantation, using the time-series analysis. Plant phenology was monitored weekly, and local weather conditions were monitored daily. The lower and upper base temperatures were of 12.92 and 32.46°C, respectively, for pre-flowering; 13.50 and 32.23°C for flowering; 12.14 and 32.55°C for green fruit stage; 11.64 and 32.78°C for fruit color-changing stage; and 11.23 and 32.94°C for maturation. The thermal time requirement and the average cycle length for the ideal harvest time of acai palm were 3,893.15 degree-days and 283 days, respectively. The thermal time requirement and the duration of the reproductive growth stage for acai palm are influenced by the period of the year and the variability of air temperature, which, when high, reduces the cycle of the crop, and when mild, increases it.
Weed control in melon with preemergence herbicides
Authors: Carvalho Donato Ribeiro de , Lins Hamurábi Anizio , Souza Matheus de Freitas , Silva Tatiane Severo , Porto Maria Alice Formiga , Mendonça Vander , Silva Daniel Valadão
Published: March 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness and selectivity of herbicides applied at preemergence to the melon (Cucumis melo) crop. The experiments were carried out from 2017 to 2018, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The treatments consisted of the preemergence application of: 35 g ha-1 a.i. flumioxazin, 25 g ha-1 a.i. flumioxazin, 250 g ha-1 a.i. sulfentrazone, 480 g ha-1 a.i. metribuzin, 240 g ha-1 a.i. oxyfluorfen, 240 g ha-1 a.i. oxyfluorfen + 960 g ha-1 a.i. S-metolachlor, 360 g ha-1 a.i. clomazone, and 360 g ha-1 a.i. clomazone + 240 g ha-1 a.i. oxyfluorfen; in 2018, metribuzin did not show selectivity and was substituted by 480 g ha-1 a.i. ametryn and 1,600 g ha-1 a.i. diuron. Fruit yield and quality, as well as weed control and dry mass, were evaluated. The metribuzin, ametryn, and diuron herbicides caused melon plant death. The best efficiency in weed control was obtained with the mixture clomazone + oxyfluorfen, followed by oxyfluorfen, oxyfluorfen + S-metolachlor, and clomazone. The treatments with oxyfluorfen, oxyfluorfen + S-metolachlor, and clomazone + oxyfluorfen were not considered selective. Clomazone was the only selective herbicide in the two years of evaluation and can be an alternative for weed control in melon crops.
Yield and resistance of tomato rootstocks to Meloidogyne arenaria in a greenhouse
Authors: Aydınlı Gökhan , Mennan Sevilhan
Published: March 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate tomato rootstocks with the Mi resistance gene for nematode control and fruit yield, in a greenhouse naturally infested with Meloidogyne arenaria. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four treatments (three resistant rootstocks and the Barbaros susceptible cultivar) and four replicates per treatment. 'Barbaros' was grafted onto the 'Arazi', 'Beauford', and 'King Kong' rootstocks, and compared with nongrafted 'Barbaros'. The maximum daily ambient temperatures in the greenhouse was above 28°C, in some days, during the growing period. The grafted tomato had a lower galling index and egg production than the susceptible tomato; however, no significant differences were observed between the three rootstocks. Likewise, there was no difference for the total cumulative fruit yield between rootstocks. All grafted tomatoes also had significantly higher fruit yields than the nongrafted control. The rootstocks provided fruit yields from 40.07% to 63.86% higher than that of the susceptible control in the nematode-infested soil. The rootstocks with the Mi resistance gene favor a higher tomato fruit yields and inhibit the nematode increase in soils infested with M. arenaria.
Correlations between agronomic characters in garlic
Authors: Santos Marcelo Augusto Vieira , Andrade Júnior Valter Carvalho de , Guimarães Amanda Gonçalves , Brito Orlando Gonçalves , Taula António Jorge Viegas , Costa Rogers Augusto , Alves João Pedro Rocha , Silva Natália Oliveira , Resende Francisco Vilela
Published: March 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic correlations between agronomic characters of garlic (Allium sativum) and to carry out the path analysis, using commercial bulb yield as the main character. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in two harvests (2018 and 2019) in the municipality of Diamantina, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 13 garlic genotypes were evaluated, of which 11 were experimental and 2 were commercial cultivars. The experimental design used was randomized complete blocks with four replicates. Characters related to plant biometry and bulb yield were evaluated. The phenotypic correlations and the path analysis of the studied characters were carried out. The phenotypic correlations that showed significant positive effects occurred between commercial bulb yield and plant height, bulb diameter, number of commercial bulbs, mean total bulb mass, mean commercial bulb mass, total bulb yield, and number of bulbils per bulb. However, only number of commercial bulbs and bulb diameter had significant effects (direct and indirect) on commercial bulb yield. Therefore, in genotype genetic breeding programs in the studied region, selection should seek a larger diameter of bulbs and a higher number of commercial bulbs to increase commercial yield.
Pesquisa em ensino de química no Brasil entre 2002 e 2017 a partir de periódicos especializados
Authors: Oliveira Iara Terra de , Steil Leonardo José , Francisco Junior Wilmo Ernesto
Published: March 2022

Resumo Este artigo se propôs a mapear alguns parâmetros da Pesquisa em Ensino de Química no Brasil a partir de análise das publicações de seis periódicos especializados. Para tanto, foram empregados indicadores cienciométricos de produção e análise documental de 333 artigos publicados entre 2002 e 2017. Os resultados evidenciam crescimento das publicações sobre ensino de química, especialmente a partir de 2009, sendo a terceira área mais representativa dentro das ciências da natureza, com uma projeção de equiparação entre a física e a biologia. As publicações exibem predominância regional do Sudeste e do Sul e dos estados de São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul e Minas Gerais, com uma tendência de crescimento da região Nordeste. Investigações com estudantes (ensino superior e médio) e professores da educação básica são os mais recorrentes. Quanto à natureza temática, prevalecem questões sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem sob a perspectiva do conhecimento teórico e prático do professor, ações pedagógicas em sala de aula, desenvolvimento de conceitos e do pensamento, já consolidados na área. No geral, estes dados sinalizam consonância com estudos internacionais e uma agenda de pesquisa focada em investigações empíricas e concentrada em questões de ensino e formação de graduandos e das práticas e saberes docentes. Os temas diversidade, tecnologias e espaços não escolares são ainda pouco representativos, podendo ser considerados lacunas de pesquisas. Dentre os desafios da área estão a maior participação das instituições escolares na produção do conhecimento, a diminuição das assimetrias regionais, bem como a colaboração internacional.
Gustavo Alberto: “invenção” e circulação da primeira carteira escolar patenteada no Brasil (1881-1884)
Authors: Anjos Juarez José Tuchinski dos
Published: March 2022

Resumo Um dos elementos materiais de maior centralidade na escola do final do Oitocentos foi, sem dúvida, o móvel destinado aos estudantes: a carteira escolar. Emergindo como alternativa aos antigos bancos e mesas coletivas, difundida nas Exposições Universais, debatida nos Congressos Pedagógicos e de Higiene, a criação e a produção dos chamados bancos-carteiras ajudaram a configurar uma nascente indústria escolar. No Brasil Império, a década de 1880 foi o momento em que essa questão passou a ser debatida com vigor. Salvo exceções, a investigação dos primórdios dessa produção de carteiras escolares no país ainda é tema a reclamar tratamento historiográfico. Nesse contexto, o artigo tem por objetivo investigar o processo de “invenção” e circulação da primeira carteira escolar patenteada no Brasil, por iniciativa de seu inventor, o professor Gustavo José Alberto, entre 1881 e 1884. Para tanto, ancora-se nos recursos metodológicos da micro-história e toma como fontes privilegiadas jornais do período, publicados na Corte Imperial, bem como relatórios oficiais. Os resultados apontam que o interesse do professor em produzir um protótipo de banco escolar parece ter nascido de sua experiência docente e de seu contato com debates pedagógicos então em andamento e dos quais tomou parte ativa. Ao mesmo tempo, ao criar um modelo de carteira a ser utilizado em sua escola, decidiu patenteá-lo junto ao Ministério da Agricultura para, posteriormente, oferecê-lo ao governo, que, naquela época, vinha realizando compras significativas desse material, tanto via importações quanto via fabricação local.
Length-weight relationships of native and non-native fishes in a subtropical coastal river of the Atlantic Rain Forest
Authors: Carvalho Barbara Maichak de , Faria Larissa , Miiller Natali Oliva Roman , Spach Henry Louis , Vitule Jean Ricardo Simões
Published: March 2022

Abstract Aim The objective was to describe the LWR of fish species of the Guaraguaçu River, as well as to compare the LWR parameters of the non-native species with the parameters obtained in their native ranges, available in the literature. Methods In this study, the LWR of 10 fish species of the Guaraguaçu River, southern Brazil, were analyzed. Fish were sampled semiannually between 2004 and 2007, using different sampling techniques in the Guaraguaçu River. Results A total of 673 specimens of 10 species were captured. The LWR demonstrated a prevalence of species (six out of 10) with positive allometric growth (b > 3). The remaining species presented isometric (b = 3, two species) or negative growth (b < 3, two species). Native species exhibited the same LWR from previous studies, except Centropomus parallelus, which presented an isometric growth in this study. The non-native species Clarias gariepinus and Ictalurus punctatus showed significant differences between the LWR parameters in the Guaraguaçu River and in their native distribution, but the same growth pattern. Oreochromis niloticus did not present significant differences in the allometric coefficient from its native range. Conclusions These results indicate that different environmental conditions may not influence the growth pattern of non-native species, which explains their invasion success due to high adaptability to new environments.
Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae)
Authors: Johnson Elizabeth P. , Ayers Tina J.
Published: March 2022

Abstract— Diastatea (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) is a genus of small, herbaceous annuals found mostly in Mexico. Differences in the number of recognized species in the historical treatments, and the lack of a phylogeny, suggested that a revision of the genus
was necessary. Species boundaries and species level relationships were tested based on a sampling of nearly 50 individuals. Sequences of the chloroplast spacer regions, atpB-rbcL and ndhF-rpl32, as well as the ITS, were generated and then analyzed using maximum likelihood and
Bayesian inference methods. The analyses of the separate datasets produced congruent topologies. Two strongly supported clades of Diastatea are newly recognized as subgenera in the taxonomic treatment. Diastatea Scheidw. subg. Diastatea and Diastatea subg.
Angustifolia E.P.Johnson & T.J.Ayers can be distinguished morphologically by leaf shape and pubescence, hypanthium shape, and the presence or absence of a gibbous projection on the ventral side of the corolla. A morphological treatment of the genus corroborated by the molecular
analysis revealed one new species, Diastatea aptera E.P.Johnson & T.J.Ayers, one new subspecies, Diastatea tenera subsp. durangensis E.P.Johnson & T.J.Ayers, and elevated an existing subspecies, Diastatea ciliata (McVaugh) E.P.Johnson
& T.J.Ayers, to specific rank.
Physics-informed probabilistic models for peak pore pressure and shear strain in layered, liquefiable deposits
Authors: Bullock Zach , Dashti Shideh , Liel Abbie , Porter Keith
Published: March 2022

In this paper probabilistic models are developed for estimating the peak excess pore pressure ratio ([Formula: see text]) and peak shear strain ([Formula: see text]), which control liquefaction triggering, in layered granular soils under earthquake loading. The models are developed using non-linear regression applied to a database of 167 352 results from one-dimensional, non-linear, effective stress, site response analyses. A pseudo-parametric regression strategy is adopted to account for the theoretical upper bound on [Formula: see text] at a value of 1. The models include the influence of variables that are specific to the individual layer, to the soil profile and to the ground motion, as well as layer-to-layer interaction and the relationship between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The variability around model predictions is decomposed, and the relative contributions of layer-, profile- and ground motion-specific parameters are evaluated. Epistemic uncertainty related to soil model selection, calibration and validation is also addressed. The total uncertainty around model predictions ranges from 0·5 to 1·6 in natural log units, with smaller values for scenarios that are of particular engineering interest (e.g. high [Formula: see text]). Finally, the proposed models are used to estimate the probability of liquefaction triggering for case studies from the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence. The results are shown to compare favourably with existing deterministic and probabilistic methods in terms of their ability to distinguish between cases where liquefaction was observed in both the Darfield and Christchurch earthquakes and those where no liquefaction was observed in either event.
Contributions of Loading and Unloading to Overpressure: Analytical Results from The Shelfal Area of The Lower Kutai Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Ramdhan Agus M. , Hutasoit Lambok M.
Published: March 2022

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.1.1-13A modified Bowers Method is applied to analyze the contribution of loading and unloading to total overpressure magnitude in the shelfal area of the Lower Kutai Basin. The method combines Bowers Method with density-sonic cross plots to differentiate contributors to overpressure. This method has a strong physical background, and has proven to give satisfactory overpressure estimation in the studied area. Several processes related to overpressure and compaction in the studied area have also been deduced: 1) top of overpressure is caused by unloading due to gas generation, 2) gas generation on its own can produce overburden-scale overpressure magnitude, 3) loading starts to contribute to overpressure at depth, where the lithology is dominated by mudrocks, 4) effective stress history experienced by mudrocks before unloading, and 5) the presence of two compaction lines and therefore two associated velocity-effective stress relations.
REE-Bearing Minerals in Tin Waste Dumps of Singkep Island: Geochemical Identification and Recovery
Authors: Irzon Ronaldo
Published: March 2022

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.1.15-26Instead of environmental hazard, tailing might contain resources which could be reworked with the development of mining and separation technologies. Tailing dumps and waste ponds which associated with the long period of tin mining are easily found in Singkep Island. The waste should be processed to recover and purify precious metals within, and to reduce environmental degradation. REE-bearing minerals identification in tin tailing based on trace and rare earth element abundances is the aim of this study. Concise mineral beneficiation is illustrated for any further re-work strategy. The tailings collected from four locations in Singkep were analyzed for their trace and rare earth element compositions using ICP-MS at The Centre for Geological Survey. REE content in concentrates was upgraded at the range of 9 to 94 folds of the corresponding wastes. Monazite-(Ce), xenotime, and zircon are the REE-bearing minerals of the studied samples according to the elemental composition. Gravity, flotation, magnetic, and electrostatic methods would be applicable to separate the REE-bearing minerals from the tailing.
The Dynamics of the Housing Construction in the Republics of the USSR in the 1920s–1980s. Part 2
Authors: Pilipenko Igor
Published: March 2022

Despite 30 years of market reforms, the main difference between the housing sector in Russia and other post-socialist countries and that of the advanced Western nations lies in housing tenure distribution. In the former states, outright homeowners with property mainly built in the planned economy dominate the market. At the same time, in the latter countries, the majority of households pay rent or take out a mortgage (these types of households account for three-quarters of households in the USA and on average almost two-thirds of households in Western and Northern European nations). This article examines the evolution of main indicators of housing construction in the USSR as well as in the 15 Union republics from 1918 to 1990. The research rests upon a database composed by the author from more than 120 official statistical sources at the national and Republics' level. This work covers not only state housing construction but also individual housing construction as well as housing construction cooperatives in the USSR republics, which the post-Soviet and foreign scholarly literature have often neglected. We identify the main stages of housing construction in the USSR and analyze the data on housing completions in urban and rural areas, the evolution of the housing stock, flats and houses built, and the statistics on the people in the Union Republics who improved their living conditions. The time series collected and per capita indicators across the 15 republics of the USSR calculated by the author, reveal quite synchronized development of their housing sectors. Nevertheless, the three Baltic republics were leaders in many per capita indicators, whereas the RSFSR, the Kazakh, Byelorussian and Armenian SSR stood out in terms of housing completions and share of people who improved their living conditions. At the same time, the Georgian, Ukrainian and Moldavian SSR excelled in floor area per person.
Environmental Migration: a Criminological Aspect
Authors: Kuznetsova Natalya , Urda Margarita
Published: March 2022

The authors examine the negative social phenomenon of environmental migration from the criminological viewpoint and describe its causes, character and specific features. They present their own classification of the types of environmental migration and offer examples of each type. It is stressed that environmental migration will be growing in the nearest future due to the worsening environmental problems, mainly connected with the violations of the right of citizens to a favorable environment, including the consequences of environmental crimes. There is a link between illegal and environmental migration, which could be disorganized, forced and often uncontrollable, thus posing a threat to national security and leading to a general destabilization of the situation in the country and the world. As a result of their research, the authors conclude that it is required to develop the instruments of international and state policy of regulating environmental migration as a necessary condition for the prevention of the development of illegal migration and forced uncontrolled movement of people and the minimization of the negative consequences of these phenomena. They argue for widening the concept of «refugee» and «displaced person» by including the category «persons who left their place of residence as a result of natural disasters or irreversible natural phenomena caused by climate change». The authors conclude that environmental migration, having a high criminogenic potential, needs further criminogenic research, which will determine its causes, development trends and potential threats. The creation of the mechanism of its regulation and control requires a thoughtful and balanced approach due to the excessive politicizing of environmental problems.
Current Challenges in Countering the Trafficking of Children in the CIS Member States
Authors: Ivantsov Sergey , Saranov Aleksey
Published: March 2022

The goal of this research is to analyze the urgent problems of developing and enforcing the criminal law measures to counteract the trafficking of children in the Russian Federation and other CIS member states, and to use this analysis in working out the suggestions on how to improve these measures. The subject of the research are public relations within which the criminal law norms of liability for the trafficking of children are designed. The object of the research is the aggregate of legislative, theoretical and practical issues whose analysis will contribute to the development of that part of the doctrine of criminal law connected with counteracting crimes against personal freedom, interests of the family and minors. The article contains an analysis of clauses in a number of international legal acts, a comparative study of criminal law norms of the Russian Federation and other CIS member states regulating liability for trafficking of children, as well as the materials of court practice, official statistics on convictions for human trafficking in general and trafficking of minors in particular. The methodological basis of research is general scientific and special methods of cognition, including the comparative legal method and the method of scientific modeling. The results of a complex study of the contemporary problems of criminal law counteraction to trafficking of children are used to develop and present suggestions on improving model and national criminal legislation of the Russian Federation and other CIS member states. The author describes characteristic features of the trafficking of minors connected with specific elements of this crime, presents arguments regarding the expediency of further differentiation of liability for committing it, gives recommendations on using positive foreign experience. In general, the author concludes that it is impossible to improve the effectiveness of counteracting trafficking of minors on the territory of the CIS member states without a continuous improvement of international legal basis and national legislations of the corresponding countries, including those aimed at the unification of criminal law norms on liability for the crime under consideration.
Methanolic extract of Crotalaria longirostrata: Identification of secondary metabolites and insecticidal effect
Authors: López López Henry , Beltrán Beache Mariana , Ochoa Fuentes Yisa María , Castro del Ángel Epifanio , Cerna Chávez Ernesto , Delgado Juan
Published: March 2022

The complications caused by the generation of resistance in the psyllid Bactericera cockerelli by chemical pesticides, raise the need for the alternative use of products that reduce resistance and ensure better control. The species Crotalaria longirostrata is a source of secondary metabolites, which show possible activity against insect pests. The objective of the research was to identify the compounds of the crude methanolic extract of C. longirostrata leaves, as well as to evaluate their biological activity on B. cockerelli nymphs. Twenty-five compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis; the most abundant was 1β,2β-epoxy-1α-methoxymethyl-8α-pyrrolizidine; an alkaloid of the iminosugar group, reported for the first time in C. longirostrata, of which concentrations from 2 to 30 mg/mL of the methanolic extract had to be prepared to evaluate on B. cockerelli nymphs. It showed that at 48 h, there was a mortality of 73.2%-100% in the treatments of 8, 12, 16, 20, and 30 mg/mL. The mean lethal concentration (LC50) was 4.78 mg/mL and LC95 14,52 mg/mL. The results obtained with the methanolic extract of C. longirostrata leaves for controlling the insect B. cockerelli suggest that it can potentially be used as an alternative insecticide of botanical origin to manage the insect.
Social interest housing projects implemented by BNH in the 1980s in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Hokama Kelly Cristina , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck , Matias Rosemary
Published: March 2022

The conditions that existed in 1964 allowed the foundation of the Housing Finance System and the National Housing Bank (BNH), which led to the creation of large social housing projects the Housing Companies (COHABs). These projects were implemented to reduce the pressure for housing on the classes with lower purchasing power. This article aims to evaluate housing projects of social interest implemented in the 1980s through the BNH in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, analysing their implementation and consequences. The document analysis method was used on data characterising the occupied areas. The BNH action was significant due to the number of housing units delivered in the period, which benefitted 13,028 families, 58,626 people. The model followed considerably reduced the housing deficit, but also led to the formation of urban voids; this was related to the fact that the BNH is a central decision-making body at the federal level. Housing construction used areas in regions that were unattractive for the formal real estate market, in places far from the centre, which were often located on the banks of streams, outside the urban perimeter. This situation made it difficult for the population to access service, mobility, supply, and urban facility networks. At the end of the period evaluated, the need to improve public policies aimed at social housing became evident, in future avoiding some mistakes made in the implementation of housing projects in the city.
PENERAPAN METODE PROYEK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Putri Sheila Pramesti , Listiana Aan , Romadona Nur Faizah
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan sosial anak usia dini setelah penerapan dengan menggunakan metode proyek. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak kelas A di PAUD Kinanti Desa Jayagiri Kecamatan Lembang Bandung Barat dengan jumlah 14 anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) oleh Hopkins, 1992. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, yaitu pada kondisi pra siklus 1 anak berada pada kategori Belum Berkembang (BB), 13 anak mendapatkan kategori Mulai Berkembang (MB), dan tidak ada anak pada kategori Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH) serta Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). Pada akhir siklus I sudah tidak ada anak pada kategori BB, 11 anak pada kategori MB, dan sudah mulai ada anak pada kategori BSH sebanyak 3 anak, akan tetapi belum ada anak pada kategori BSB. Lalu pada akhir siklus II, anak pada kategori MB sudah berkurang dan hanya tersisa 2 anak, 9 anak pada kategori BSH, dan 3 anak pada kategori BSB. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode proyek dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di PAUD Kinanti. Rekomendasi bagi guru dan sekolah dari penelitian yang dilakukan hendaknya metode proyek dapat menjadi alternatif dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak.
METAPHOR STORY AS AN ACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA TO INCREASE CHILDREN SOCIAL CHARACTER
Authors: Mashar Riana
Published: March 2022

This research describe the effectiveness of the metaphor story as an active learning media to increase children social character. The research’s design was one group pretest-posttest design. Purposive samplingused to choose 20 students at second  grade elementary school who have low social character skor. Based on teacher report, known that there were 20 student who had been lower social character than others. On this research, collecting data  of child social character used observation checklist. Data was analysed  by Wilcoxon  Signed-Rank Test, only 19 that can analyze because one student did not complete the treatment. The result of study showed that metaphor story as active learning media increased children  social character.This research describe the effectiveness of the metaphor story as an active learning media to increase children social character. The research’s design was one group pretest-posttest design. Purposive sampling used to choose 20 students at second  grade elementary school who have low social character skor. Based on teacher report, known that there were 20 student who had been lower social character than others. On this research, collecting data  of child social character used observation checklist. Data was analysed  by Wilcoxon  Signed-Rank Test, only 19 that can analyze because one student did not complete the treatment. The result of study showed that metaphor story as active learning media increased children  social character.
MEDIA PAPAN PINTAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL LAMBANG BILANGAN ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Chentiya Chentiya , Zulminiati Zulminiati
Published: March 2022

Penelitian yang dilakukan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media papan pintar terhadap kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan anak usia 5-6 tahun. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif  dengan metode eksperimen dalam bentuk quasy eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah  30 anak terbagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompik B1 (kelas eksperimen) dan kelompok B2 (kelas kontrol) di TK Hang Tua Padang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan di dua taman kanak-kanak dikota padang kecamatan Nanggalo. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan  test dengan 10 butir item instrument pernyataan. Teknik analisis dengan cara membandingkan perbedaan dari dua rata-rata nilai, sehingga dilakukan uji t (t-tes) dengan bantuan program SPSS 22 for windows. Namun sebelumnya melakukan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas terlebih dahulu. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa : terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan anak usia 5-6 tahun di Hang Tua Padang, yaitu dengan hasil Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh media papan pintar lebih efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan pada anak usia 5-6 tahun  di TK Hang Tuah Padang.
KECERDASAN INTERPERSONAL ANAK EARLY CHILDHOOD DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Panatra Giavanny , Noer Afra Hafny , Esti Wungu
Published: March 2022

Selama pandemi Covid-19, pembelajaran sekolah dilakukan secara daring dan tidak ada pertemuan tatap muka dengan guru atau teman sebaya. Hal ini menyebabkan interaksi sosial anak dengan teman sebaya berkurang. Padahal interaksi sosial dengan teman sebaya dapat membantu anak untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan interpersonal. Akibat adanya perubahan pola interaksi sosial anak saat ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kecerdasan interpersonal pada anak usia dini di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini melibatkan 125 orang tua yang memiliki anak usia dini dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner kecerdasan interpersonal yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti berdasarkan teori Anderson (1999). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 87,2% anak memiliki kecerdasan interpersonal yang tinggi meskipun interaksi sosial anak dengan teman sebayanya berkurang selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Peneliti berasumsi bahwa lingkungan keluarga memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kecerdasan interpersonal pada anak usia dini.