bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistics and the Law: Proving Lost Profits
Authors: Marshall Kevin S. , Beron Kurt J.
Published: January 2023

The existence and amount of a firm's lost profits are key elements in most commercial damage cases. Practitioners must be able to demonstrate to the trier of fact the appropriateness and effectiveness of the methodology employed to calculate lost profits.' While practitioners generally employ experts to perform a lost profits analysis, it is essential that practitioners understand the conceptual relationship between the legal standard and the methodology employed. In Texas, the legal standard requires the use of a methodology that goes beyond the mere assertion that the plaintiff has sustained a loss. Given that standard of proof, the purpose of this article is to demonstrate that there is one superior methodology for determining lost profits: multivariate regression analysis.
Beware, Migrating Spouses, Texas Lacks a Quasi-Community Property Statute: It Could Be a Long Cold Winter
Authors: Harden Mark Evans , Lindsay-Smith Barbara A.
Published: January 2023

This article briefly outlines the community property and common law property systems and gives a brief history of wills. Next follows a discussion of built-in protections provided spouses in the community and common law property systems. Third, this article addresses how a spouse migrating to Texas from a common law state can be effectively left without support when her property-acquiring spouse devises property the couple acquired during marriage to a third party. Fourth, this article contends that quasi-community property principles should be employed in probate contexts to provide widowed migrating, non-acquiring spouses equitable property distributions similar to the way they apply in cases of divorce in Texas and in accordance with the jurisdictions of California, Idaho, Washington, and Louisiana. Finally, this article argues the Texas Legislature should amend the Texas Probate Code and suggests proposed legislation to correct the present inequity.
Taller and Better Looking Judges in Texas
Authors: McGrath Robert , Moore Paula R.
Published: January 2023

This article provides a view from the bench as to what trial judges face in properly handling Robinson Challenges when advocates bring them to the courtroom, and the possible effect on the litigation process. Part I identifies the various admissibility standards applied in Texas before Robinson, and outlines the standards used in other state courts. Next, Part II details the implications the Robinson decision may have on Texas trial practice, and its effect on lawsuits that involve scientific evidence. Finally, Part III examines the implications of Robinson for appellate procedures. We conclude the striking of a witness is most problematic when he is the sole expert witness on causation, thus vital to the trial advocate's case.
In "A Higher Power" We Trust: Alcoholics Anonymous as a Condition of Probation and Establishment of Religion
Authors: Henry Byran K.
Published: January 2023

Part I of this comment discusses probation and the substance of AA, as well as touches on the Supreme Court's attempts to define religion. Part II seeks to discern the proper constitutional standard to be applied to AA as a condition of probation from Supreme Court cases. Part III concentrates on the lower courts' application of the elusive Establishment Clause test. Finally, Part IV briefly highlights the shortcomings of the standards currently being applied to AA as a condition of probation and proposes a solution designed to provide a simpler standard for lower courts to apply and clarify a confusing area of the law.
Personal Jurisdiction in Texas and Internet Web-Sites
Authors: Faulkner Kevin M.
Published: January 2023

This Comment sets forth the analysis that Texas courts should use in maintaining personal jurisdiction over the nonresident creator/owner of a web-site on the Internet. This will be accomplished by elucidating the nature of the Internet in such a way as to show that its inherent nature is not unlike fact situations that Texas courts have dealt with previously. First, the foundation of jurisdictional analysis is outlined, concluding that for web-site cases jurisdiction hinges upon the intent or purpose in the web-site owner's actions. Second, significant Texas cases are discussed to explore the exact nature of what a court must find to properly maintain personal jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant when injuries arise from printed material and/or wire communications. Finally, cases from other states that analyze web-site personal jurisdiction are compared and contrasted with the analysis of Texas courts. This Comment concludes that, when the injury claimed arises from the web-site itself, the Texas court can maintain personal jurisdiction if the proper nexus between the defendant's actions and the alleged injury is established.
The Untenable Stricture: Pre-Mitigation Measurement Serves To Deny Protection Under the Americans With Disabilities Act
Authors: Shellhorse William Brent
Published: January 2023

In order to secure equality and these inalienable rights, the people of the United States have established a constitution, amendments thereto, and supporting legislation. Congress sought to insure disabled individuals equality in the workplace through the enactment of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ("Rehabilitation Act"), specifically, section 504 ("section 504") and Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA"). Congress intended that these Acts create opportunities for the disabled and reduce the discrimination, whether expressed or not, faced by an isolated group of individuals in the population. This Comment questions some courts' interpretation and application of these statutes. In particular, it questions the lack of harmony among courts in defining and measuring disabilities and limitations under the ADA and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.
The Top Ten Reasons Clients File Grievances Against Their Lawyers
Authors: Kinkeade Edward
Published: January 2023

Lawyers must abide by their ethical duties and responsibilities before, during, and after representing a client. Failing to do so exposes a lawyer to disciplinary action and legal malpractice. Unfortunately, many lawyers, through calculated risk or carelessness, violate the very rules that protect their profession.
The following article is based on a compilation of the actual number of grievances filed in Texas grievance committees. Although these numbers are not the whole story of why grievances were filed against lawyers, they serve as signals to the bar of major pitfalls to avoid. This paper includes an outline of the grievance procedure and a short history of the different bodies of law governing professional responsibility for future reference for those readers snared by disciplinary proceedings.'
How Far Do the Powers of the I.R.S. Extend in the Fifth Circuit? Johnson v. Sawyer
Authors: Calvin Darrell
Published: January 2023

The Fifth Circuit chose to recognize a judicially-created exception to the statute in Johnson v. Sawyer. This Note takes issue with the Fifth Circuit's holding in Johnson. The IRS is a creature of statute and, as such, should be governed by statute. If any further life is given the agency, it is for Congress, and not the judiciary to declare. If taxpayers convicted in the Fifth Circuit are to have their transgressions publicized, it should be with the specific approval of their elected representatives. Part I of this Note traces the development of judiciallycreated exceptions to I.R.C. § 6103 in the federal circuits. Part II reviews Johnson at its various levels and analyzes the reasoning of the Fifth Circuit in finding an exception to the statute. Part III discusses the flaws in the Fifth Circuit's reasoning, along with the weaknesses inherent in the rule it adopted, and asserts the rule advanced by the Tenth and Fourth Circuits as proper.
The Cooperative Venture: Revisiting the Relationship Between the Royalty and Working Interest in Texas
Authors: Johnson Douglas R.
Published: January 2023

Part I of this Comment defines the cooperative venture rule and the plain meaning rule as they are used by courts to interpret oil and gas leases. Part II, reviews and analyzes the cases adopting the cooperative venture rule in our neighboring states of Oklahoma, Louisiana and Arkansas, as well as some of the Texas cases where the plain meaning rule has been applied. Part III, discusses the concept of constructive production and how it should be incorporated into the cooperative venture rule. As part of that discussion, this Comment addresses some of the activities of an oil and gas company which would appear to fall outside of the definition of constructive production and, therefore, the cooperative venture. The Conclusion, summarizes the argument in favor of adopting the cooperative venture rule in Texas. The covenants found to be implicit in an oil and gas lease are beyond the scope of this comment; however, some of those covenants have clearly influenced the courts that have adopted the cooperative venture rule.
Clemency in Texas - A Question of Mercy?
Authors: Williamson Allen L.
Published: January 2023

A man and a woman each brutally murdered multiple victims. Both experienced difficult childhoods. Both received a fair trial and were sentenced to die by a jury of their peers. Both were convicted in the State of Texas. Both exhausted all viable appeals. While incarcerated, one became a model prisoner and religious leader, the other confessed to killing over 600 people and took great delight in recounting the gruesome details of the crime. Each one attracted national media attention and was scheduled to die in 1998. Both asked the same governor for clemency. One was granted clemency and the other died by lethal injection on February 3, 1998.
Some people reading this story would assume that the model prisoner was spared. Others, out of a sense of chivalry, would assume that the woman was spared. Some would hypothesize that the professed killer of over 600 would be the one lethally injected. All would be wrong. The principle of clemency is being misused across the United States and especially in Texas. What started as an act of mercy has evolved into a process whereby the governor substitutes his judgment for the judgment of a jury.' Likewise, the governor may also overrule the opinions of several levels of appellate courts. The appellate courts, not the governor, should remedy any legal error in the guilt/innocence phase. Governor Bush has stated that he will exercise clemency if there are any doubts about a defendant's guilt. Once an individual has been convicted and exhausted all appeals, there should be no doubt about guilt. The governor must abandon his stand on the issue of guilt and innocence and require that clemency be granted only if and when the governor feels mercy is appropriate. If the governor feels that there are extenuating circumstances and the defendant deserves mercy, then, by all means, it is his prerogative to grant clemency, but it should not be done in a veil of second-guessing the judicial process.
Paying for the Sins of Anotherparental Liability in Texas for the Torts of Children
Authors: Johnson David F.
Published: January 2023

With all of the violence that is perpetrated by the youth of today's society, victims are often left with no redress because youthful offenders rarely have any assets or any insurance coverage. Therefore, victims are seeking compensation for their injuries from the offender's parents under a negligence cause of action, i.e., that the parents did not properly supervise or control their child. This Article focuses on the current law in Texas of holding parents responsible for the torts of their minor and adult children. Additionally, this Article attempts to give some insight into the various issues that may arise in prosecuting or defending this type of lawsuit.
Substantial Notice Under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act
Authors: Liddell Pearson , Eshee William D.
Published: January 2023

This Article addresses the requirements of substantial notification under the DMCA. First, the Article will present an overview of Title II of the DMCA. Second, the Article will review the facts of ALS Scan, Inc. v. RemarQ Communities, Inc. " and present the issue and its importance. Third, the Article will analyze the district court's and court of appeals's holdings and evaluate the significance of this case in the e-commerce legal landscape. Finally, the Article will present its conclusions.
IP Strategies for Start-Up Ecommerce Companies in the Post-Dot-Bomb Era
Authors: Corbett Ron
Published: January 2023

This Article reviews how eCommerce and other start-up companies may evaluate and demonstrate their existing IP assets, adopt a rational strategy to grow and gather new IP assets, and thereby secure funding. Part II defines IP and an IP audit, considers why patents are increasingly important to Internet start-ups, and defines what investors expect to see in the way of IP assets. Part III covers the what, why, when, who, and how of conducting an audit. Part IV discusses different levels of IP strategies that a company may adopt. Finally, Part V reviews and summarizes the importance IP assets have for start-up eCommerce companies.
Protection and Enforcement of New Intellectual Property
Authors: Wille David G. , Jewell Dana , Ratliff Pamela
Published: January 2023

The desirability of new forms of intellectual property protection for databases and domain names is beyond the scope of this Article. Instead, this Article focuses on the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in databases and domain names under existing law. Because of the increased value of these assets, owners should increasingly pay attention to their protection.
Current Status of Copyright Protection in the Digital Age and Related Topics
Authors: Hitchcock David L. , Needleman Kathy E.
Published: January 2023

This Article provides a basic overview of the recent amendments to the copyright law, including the DMCA and recent developments generally, in relation to the protection of digital works. While portions of the discussion are directed to general copyright law, the primary discussion is directed specifically to legal theories used to protect or defend digital works. Interestingly, the DMCA amendments affect only slightly the rights incident to a copyrighted work, but provide significant protection against unauthorized access to copyrighted works.
Cheeseheads and Longhorns: Why Texas Should Follow Wisconsin’s Lead in the Treatment of Limited Liability Company Member Interests as Securities
Authors: Latham Kimberley C.
Published: January 2023

The limited liability company has become one of the more attractive business associations, both for legitimate enterprises seeking flexibility in structure, shields from personal liability for company debts and obligations, and tax advantages, and for the not-so-legitimate enterprises seeking shelter from personal liability for taking advantage of the unwary. In order to assist and protect the investing public and to provide certainty and structure for business owners, Texas should amend its current statutory scheme to mandate the treatment of certain LLC interests as securities, modeling this legislation after the Wisconsin approach-a three-tiered method of defining an LLC as a security. Part II of this Comment will describe the LLC entity and its history, enumerate its advantages, and give a brief description of the 1997 IRS taxation changes. Part III will delve into the much-debated question whether LLC member interests are securities and will describe the benefits of treating them as such. Part IV will describe the Texas treatment of LLC member interests to date and the problems that accompany that treatment. Part V will describe some other states' treatment of LLC interests and how the Wisconsin approach is preferable. Part VI will enumerate the proposed changes to Texas law modeled after those states' regulations.
Senate Bill 140: How Much Did It Change Texas Family Code Section 153.004?
Authors: Holcomb Shelly
Published: January 2023

This Note examines Texas Senate Bill 1408 (SB 140), passed by the Seventy-Seventh Texas Legislature, which amended Texas Family Code (TFC) section 153.004 relating to the history of domestic violence. The bill had two main purposes: (1) to give direction to judges "regarding the appointment of sole custody in family violence cases," and (2) to change the way Texas courts handle visitation when a parent has a history of domestic violence.' After a long Texas summer of well-publicized domestic violence cases, this amendment appeared to be the next logical, and much-needed, step in furtherance of the public policy of this state. However, the statute, as amended, fails to provide the necessary guidance to the courts because it leaves key terms undefined, fails to demonstrate what evidence the legislature presumes should rebut the presumptions it contains, and continues to utilize a standard of review that is too broad.
Part II of this Note provides a brief background of the problem of domestic violence and of how the problem should factor into child custody and visitation determinations. Part III details how the Texas courts and legislature have responded to the problem. Part IV discusses the legislative history of SB 140 and the problems the bill addressed. Part V shows the inadequacies of TFC section 153.004 as amended and recommends that the corresponding Louisiana statute be used as a model for change. Part VI concludes that under Texas public policy, such changes are required.
Assessment of pharmacological safety of a new dipeptide mimetic of the 2nd loop of BDNF when co-administered with ethanol
Authors: Nadorova A. V. , Grigorevskikh E. M. , Tarasiuk A. V. , Sazonova N. M. , Kolik L. G.
Published: January 2023

To assess the pharmacological safety of the dipeptide mimetic of the 2nd loop of BDNF (compound GTS-201) when co-administered with ethanol, its effect on the alteration in motor activity induced by ethanol during acute and subchronic administration in mice C57Bl/6 and DBA/2 was studied. It was found that GTS-201 at a dose of 5.0 mg / kg, i.p., without affecting spontaneous motor activity per se, after a preliminary acute administration prevented the development of a sedative reaction caused by ethanol (2.0 g/ kg, i.p.) in C57Bl/6 mice. After subchronic administration, GTS-201 is devoid of psychostimulant effect and impact on the formation of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in DBA/2 mice. The data obtained indicate the absence of a psychostimulant component and synergism in the pharmacological profile of GTS-201 when used with ethanol at low dose.
A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY ON DIFFERENT LOVE VIEWS IN CHINESE AND WESTERN MOURNING CULTURES
Authors: Xiangdong Xu , Huijia Shen
Published: January 2023

Mourning poetry is a particular type of love poetry that combines the two major themes of love and death. The Chinese poet Li Shangyin and the English poet Milton both made remarkable contributions to the different funerary cultures of China and the West. Li Shangyin （813--858） and Milton （ 1608--1674）, though not in the same time and space, both shared similar experiences and both experienced the loss of their wives. However, due to the differences in culture, religion and history between China and the West, their works also fully reflect different ideas of mourning. Based on the theory of variation in the field of comparative literature, this paper tries to compare and contrast Li Shangyin's mourning poems and Milton's on His Deceased Wife to analyze the collision of their different views on love in different times and space, so as to explore further the differences between Chinese and Western ideas of mourning.
Egypt: The Muslim Brothers in Society: Everyday Politics, Social Action, and Islamism in Mubarak's Egypt, by Marie Vannetzel. Translated by David Tresilian (book review)
Authors: Brooke Steven
Published: January 2023

The Muslim Brothers in Society: Everyday Politics, Social Action, and Islamism in Mubarak's Egypt, by Marie Vannetzel. Translated by David Tresilian. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 2020. 484 pages. $49.95.
Modern History and Politics: Saudi Arabia and Iraq as Friends and Enemies: Borders, Tribes and a History Shared, by Joshua Yaphe (book review)
Authors: Koch Christian
Published: January 2023

Saudi Arabia and Iraq as Friends and Enemies: Borders, Tribes and a History Shared, by Joshua Yaphe. Brighton, UK: Sussex Academic Press, 2022. 256 pages. $89.95.
Pre-Twentieth-Century History: Empire of Salons: Conquest and Community in Early Modern Ottoman Lands, by Helen Pfeifer (book review)
Authors: Philliou Christine
Published: January 2023

Empire of Salons: Conquest and Community in Early Modern Ottoman Lands, by Helen Pfeifer. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2022. 320 pages. $39.95.
COVID-19 Education Response Mapping Study: Building Resilience in Lao PDR: Readiness, Response, and Recovery
Authors: Nietschke Yung , Dabrowski Anna , Conway Maya , Pradhika Chaula
Published: January 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has caused unprecedented levels of disruption to education systems worldwide. Across the Asia region, it is estimated that around 760 million children were impacted by school closures at the height of the pandemic. Government response strategies have varied across the region, with some countries imposing prolonged school lockdowns while others have had short, repeated closure periods. As countries begin to reopen schools and continue to prepare for subsequent waves of COVID 19 infection, there is a need to develop the greater capability of education systems to safeguard learning and address persistent barriers to learning equality by harnessing the opportunities for systemic change. However, school-based practices and responses that have been effective in supporting the continuity of learning during the COVID-19 pandemic have yet to be well examined, particularly in Asia. This report presents the findings of a document review focused on the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This report forms part of a broader study that aims to explore the system and school-level practices that have supported learning continuity in Asia during the pandemic. The report will focus on the practices of policymakers that have the potential to support teaching and learning. Rather than comparing the responses of countries in Asia, this study will identify areas of opportunity and innovations in the system and school policies and programs in Lao PDR and make recommendations for those working to support Lao PDR’s education system.
Analisis dan Perancangan Aplikasi Game Publishing Forum
Authors: Ramdani Nirwan , Maryanto Budi
Published: January 2023

Indonesia adalah negara dengan game-market terbesar di Asia Tenggara dan menempati posisi ke-16 di dunia dengan nilai penjualan sebesar 1.92 billion USD pada akhir tahun 2021 [1]. Namun belum banyak produk game buatan developer Indonesia yang menembus pemasaran pada media Google Play dan media lainnya yang sejenis. Ini menunjukan bahwa pangsa pasar game di Indonesia cukup luas, tetapi game buatan lokal belum mampu bersaing dengan game dari luar. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sarana yang dapat memfasilitasi para game developer Indonesia agar bisa lebih berkembang.

Game publishing forum merupakan tempat bagi pengembang untuk membantu melakukan pengembangan sekaligus promosi, menerima feedback dari pengguna dan menjelaskan produk game yang dikembangkan. Dalam artikel ini akan dipaparkan proses analisis dan perancangan untuk aplikasi game publishing forum.
Conocimiento y aplicación de protocolos de bioseguridad en profesionales de salud en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Boroneo-Cantalicio Mariela , Borneo-Cantalicio Eler
Published: January 2023

-
MANAGING UTILITY COMPANIES IN DYNAMIC MARKETS
Authors: Klaus Peter Müller  , Vladimir Preveden  , Alex Kainer  , Anna Grabek
Published: January 2023

The advance of market liberalization is posing an increasing challenge to the management systems operated by utility companies. A need for organizational and process realignment in three areas - group structures, management systems and management/financial analysis and monitoring organization - is coming to light. It is vital for companies in this sector to enhance their management systems systematically and to learn from international benchmarks. Just as important, though, is thorough change management to ensure that the strategies developed are fully implemented. This article explores what can be done in these three areas to ensure that utilities are managed in line with the state of the art. The theory is then fleshed out by a real-world case study - a recent project conducted by Roland Berger for a Central European utility company.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE SLOVENIAN ELECTRICITY MARKET
Authors: Boštjan Bandelj  , Damjana Copot  , Jana Miklič  , Zvone Petan  , Petja Rijavec  , Djordje Žebeljan
Published: January 2023

Following independence and during the period of preparation for entry into the European Union, Slovenia embarked upon the institutional and organizational reconstruction of the electricity sector, pursuant to European guidelines and directives. The basic goals were to achieve competitive electricity prices, and so reduce costs and increase the added value and competitiveness of the economy through the introduction of market relations within the operations of the electric power industry and between the electric power industry and electricity consumers. The performance of the electricity sector is an indication of the success of this reconstruction. The Slovenian electric power industry has accelerated preparations for the new challenges confronting the electricity sector - first of all the complete opening of the market and the market allocation of cross-border transmission capacities after July 1, 2007.
HUMAN EXPOSURE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Egon Mileusnić
Published: January 2023

In today’s modern world, electromagnetic pollution has become intense and raises fears which are sometimes justified and sometimes exaggerated. Although numerous investigations have been conducted in the world in the most eminent laboratories, there has been no incontestable proof that such pollution is harmful to human beings. In the article, sources of electromagnetic radiation, their intensity and the frequency ranges in which they are manifested are discussed. Moreover, on the basis of international recommendations and regulations, specific safety measures are proposed that should be implemented by all the participants in the process of creating electromagnetic pollution. Principles are presented for preventing the harmful effects, together with the safety exposure limits for electric and magnetic fields that were adopted by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), the Council of the European Union, and the Croatian Ministry of Health. A brief review is presented of the legislative positions of individual countries of Europe. The article is a particularly timely response to individuals from various associations who are attempting to block technological progress with scientifically unfounded assertions.
THE TECHNIQUES OF EXERCISING FUTURES AND FORWARDS BY THE HEDGING METHOD
Authors: Vedran Uran
Published: January 2023

Supply and demand are always supposed to be balanced due to certain limitations relating to electricity. Electricity prices fluctuate constantly and cannot be determined with complete certainty. The spot market price of electricity is a reflection of the continuous equilibrium among the production and supply of electricity. Due to uncontrolled exposure to the risk of the continual fluctuations of the spot market prices, market participants can incur financial losses. For this purpose, future and forwards have been introduced on the market. Owing to them, market risk can be hedged by employing the hedging method. Two types of such contracts exist: futures traded on electricity exchanges and forwards traded on over-thecounter markets. In this article, the descriptions, differences and application of these contracts are presented. A description of the hedging method and its application to futures is provided. At the end of the article, an application of a futures contract on the largest Middle European electricity exchange, EEX, is presented.
MGNREGS - BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER PANDEMIC
(WITH REFERENCE TO GUJARAT)
Authors: Chauhan Jaydeepsinh
Published: January 2023

All countries are suffering from the pandemic corona virus disease (Covid-19). The whole world faced many types of difficulties such as, unemployment, livelihood, etc during the pandemic. India and its people are also facing the problem of unemployment and livelihood. And individual and government measures have been taken to get out of it. The present paper discusses the status of MGNREGA in Gujarat during, before and after the epidemic. Under MGNREGA scheme during the pandemic period - job card registration, demand for work, Allocation of work, daily wage rates, average man-day employment received per person per month, etc. are discussed in detail in this paper. In addition, the status of MGNREGA among the above factors before and after the pandemic in Gujarat has also been discussed.
URBANIZATION & GROWTH OF SLUMS IN INDIA: EVIDENCE FROM
CENSUS OF INDIA (2001-2011)
Authors: Nitin Mundhe , Suresh Deshmukh , Krishna Boke
Published: January 2023

Urbanization has been recognized as a symbol of development as well as a burden over resources. The latter dimension is particularly so in developing countries since the process of urbanization is very rapid. The main reason for rapid urbanization is natural growth, migration from rural to urban areas, and small cities to large cities. It leads to many issues like haphazard urban growth, overcrowding, lack of essential services, ill health, unemployment, inadequate housing facilities, and others. Such problems in developing countries, especially in India, may become acute from its current state of being chronic. Therefore, present research work is an attempt to understand the level, trend, and pattern of urbanization and growth of slums in India during the 2001-2011 census years. Moreover, to examine the association between urbanization and growth of slums in India during the last two decades. In India, the rate of urbanization and slum growth is not equally proportionate. Some states/UTs have a high urban percentage, but a low slum growth rate has been registered, i.e., Chandigarh followed by Pondicherry, Goa and Mizoram. In comparison, some states have low urban population growth, but a high percentage of the slum population is emerging.
જૂથ કે સમુદાય શું માનવીની ઓળખ છે?
Authors: કણઝરિયા દિનેશ જે
Published: January 2023

માનવ સામાજિક પ્રાણી છે તેથી અન્યનો સહવાસ એ સાહજિક જરૂરિયાત છે.માનવ ઉત્પતિથી માંડીને આજદિન સુધી વેવિધ્યપૂર્ણ જીવનશેલી જૂથ સમુદાયમાં જીવન જીવે છે.આ સમુદાયના કેટલાક સાર્વત્રિક લક્ષણો ધરાવે છે જેમાં તેમનું રહેઠાણ શેક્ષણિક આરોગ્ય વ્યવસાય અને વિકાસ સંબધિત પ્રશ્નો અને તેનું નિવારણ એ માનવનું કર્તવ્ય છે તેથી જ જૂથ કે સમુદાય એ માનવીનું હાર્દ બની રહે છે
Secure Electronic Healthcare Record based on Distributed Global Database and Schnorr Signcryption
Authors: Fareed Mohammad , Yassin Ali
Published: January 2023

Preserving privacy and security plays a key role in allowing each component in the healthcare system to access control and gain privileges for services and resources. Over recent years, there have been several role-based access control and authentication schemes, but we noticed some drawbacks in target schemes such as failing to resist well-known attacks, leaking privacy-related information, and operational cost. To defeat the weakness, this paper proposes a secure electronic healthcare record scheme based on Schnorr Signcryption, crypto hash function, and Distributed Global Database (DGDB) for the healthcare system. Based on security theories and the Canetti-Krawczyk model (CK), we notice that the proposed scheme has suitable matrices such as scalability, privacy preservation, and mutual authentication. Furthermore, findings from comparisons with comparable schemes reveal that the suggested approach provides greater privacy and security characteristics than the other schemes and has enough efficiency in computational and communicational aspects.
Theoretical aspects of inulin use in patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Sabadishin R. O.
Published: January 2023

Primary osteoarthritis accounts for about 80% of all joint diseases. The disease mainly affects people of working age, which has social significance. The number of patients with DOA is constantly increasing, as life expectancy increases, as a result of excessive food intake, body weight increases, which leads to increased stress on the joints. Important for the treatment of osteoarthritis is the use of inulin, which affects the growth of bone tissue, promotes their regeneration in case of damage by pathological processes, which will significantly improve the patient’s condition and his full recovery.
Osteoarthritis
Authors: Bilovol O. M. , Knyazkova I. I.
Published: January 2023

Extreme interest in the problem of osteoarthritis (osteoarthrosis, OA) is due to the significant spread of this form of joint pathology. Research in recent years has made it possible to revise our ideas about the pathogenesis of this process with confirmation of the leading role of inflammation in the development of functional and structural damage in the specified pathology. The review article discusses the features of the pathogenesis of OA. It is noted that OA is a complex disease that affects not only cartilage tissue, but also intra-articular and peri-articular tissues. Clinical classification of OA, classification criteria for OA of hand, knee and hip joints are presented. Considered phenotypes of pain in OA, methods of pain assessment. It is noted that the diagnosis of OA of the knee and hand joints in the practice of the doctor is based mainly on the data of the clinical picture; an exception is OA of the hip joints. Presented Consensus for the development of criteria for primary care physicians for the diagnosis of OA using the methodology of red flags, which allows the examination to identify exactly those patients who should be immediately referred to narrow specialists.
Comparison of IgG concentrations to SARS-CoV-2 virus, their correlation with lymphocyte activation markers CD25, CD54 (ICAM-1) and CD95 in patients with COVID-19 and with seasonal viral diseases. Possibilities of correcting a disturbed immune response wit
Authors: Velichko L. M. , Gusev S. M. , Bogdanova A. V. , Konovalova N. V. , Khramenko N. I. , Makarova M. B. , Molodaya A. L. , Borisova M. I. , Kozorez Yu. V. , Kalinichenko M. A.
Published: January 2023

There is a paradox when protective IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus are detected only in a part of patients who have contracted COVID-19. At the same time, some persons who were in contact with the infected, but did not get sick with COVID-19 (without disease symptoms, PCR negative), still produce IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The presence of IgG to the SARS-CoV-2 virus correlates with a changed immune response when infected with seasonal viral diseases - in particular, the ability to produce protective antibodies decreases.

All this determines the different clinical course of the disease and the features of the patient’s post-COVID conditions (PCC).

To study various immune responses of patients and asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19, 414 people were examined. The novelty of the study is that, for the first time, not only the levels of protective IgG antibody titers to the SARS-CoV-2 virus were determined, but also their correlation with the markers of lymphocyte activation CD25, CD54 (ICAM-1) and CD95 in patients who did not suffer from COVID- 19, got sick with COVID-19 and just had a heart attack.

Research has scientific and practical goals, including the search for new therapeutic opportunities. Our attention was drawn to the domestic multitarget immunotherapy drug Mercurid (RP UA6098/01/01). Its ability to control T-lymphocyte activation molecules and modulate their activity was studied. The therapeutic efficiency of Mercurid was 75.6 %.
NT - 51 - Dinte - Dinâmica da economia agrícola da China e de suas províncias e regiões
Authors: Silva João Vitor Borges da
Published: January 2023

Nas últimas décadas, a China experimentou reformas políticas e econômicas que geraram impactos significativos em sua estrutura social e em sua inserção na economia mundial. Essas mudanças, por consequência, acarretaram melhorias nos principais indicadores socioeconômicos da China. Por um lado, o rápido crescimento econômico possibilitou que mais de 600 milhões de pessoas saíssem da pobreza e aumentassem seu poder de consumo (Monte, Lopes e Contini, 2017).
NT - 55 - Dinte - Acessão do Brasil à OCDE: Efeitos Sobre Indicadores Econômicos e o Caminho à Frente
Authors: Jacinto Paulo de Andrade , Ribeiro Fernando , Pineli André
Published: January 2023

Em 25 de janeiro de 2022, o Conselho da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) decidiu abrir formalmente as discussões para acesso do Brasil e, em 10 de junho de 2022, o conselho aprovou o roteiro de acessão do Brasil à OCDE (Accession Roadmap),1 documento que estabelece os termos e as condições e como se dará o processo de acessão. O primeiro passo é dado pelo Brasil, com a entrega de um memorando inicial ao secretário-geral da OCDE que apresenta uma autoavaliação do país quanto ao alinhamento de sua legislação, políticas e práticas a cada um dos instrumentos legais da organização. A partir daí, os diversos comitês e grupos de trabalho da OCDE irão avaliar o país nos temas concernentes a cada um, abordando as políticas e práticas do país comparativamente às melhoras práticas estabelecidas pela organização, e considerando também a habilidade e o comprometimento do país para implementar as reformas necessárias para se aproximar do padrão requerido pela OCDE. Ao final, os comitês irão apresentar suas conclusões ao conselho, que então decidirá se o país está apto a se tornar membro pleno da organização, concluindo um processo que deve demorar de três a cinco anos. O Brasil é o país não membro com maior grau de adesão aos instrumentos normativos, participando do maior número de comitês da organização. Ainda assim, a acessão não está isenta de desafios e levanta também algumas dúvidas. A contar dos exemplos recentes de adesão como o Chile em 2010 e mais recentemente a Colômbia em 2020, surge a questão de quais seriam os verdadeiros benefícios que o Brasil pode obter ao fazer parte da OCDE. Alguns estudos, como Pineli (2020) e Araújo Júnior (2022), têm buscado responder a essa pergunta direcionando uma análise para os países que aderiram à OCDE recentemente para, a partir deles, tirar algumas conclusões acerca dos benefícios gerados por fazer parte da OCDE.
NT - 56 - Dinte - Facilitação de Comércio e Tecnologias Digitais: Análise para os Países do BRICS
Authors: Martins Michelle Márcia Viana , Bispo Scarlett Queen Almeida
Published: January 2023

A pandemia da covid-19 incorreu em efeitos pronunciados nos processos produtivos e no comércio. As interrupções nas cadeias de suprimentos se tornaram um grande desafio global desde o início do surto, quando políticas de lockdown e distanciamento social foram sugeridas para controle da enfermidade. Embora o declínio das trocas comerciais seja, em grande parte, o reflexo, e não a causa, da recessão econômica observada em 2020 e 2021, o aumento dos custos do comércio, inclusive os de transporte e logística, agiram como freios adicionais sobre as trocas de bens e serviços (OECD, 2020) e continuam até o primeiro semestre de 2022. No início da pandemia, com o alto grau de incerteza sobre a duração e a gravidade da doença, algumas medidas foram tomadas para contê-la: i) a canalização do tráfego, por meio de menos passagens de fronteira; ii) a realização de exames de saúde nos agentes aduaneiros; iii) o fechamento de alguns postos alfandegários; iv) bloqueios quarentenários; e v) em alguns casos, a reintrodução de controles que haviam sido removidos anteriormente (Bekkers e Koopman, 2020).
NT - 32 - Dirur - Integraçao Pecuária-Lavoura: Avanços e Principais Desafios
Authors: Conceição Júnia Cristina P. R. da
Published: January 2023

O Brasil possui uma agricultura moderna e intensiva em tecnologia. Vários fatores foram importantes para a obtenção deste padrão moderno da agricultura brasileira. Dentre eles, podem ser citados: a adoção de políticas agrícolas que estimularam e proporcionaram o bom desempenho do setor; a existência de pesquisas na área agrícola; e também o caráter inovador dos empresários agrícolas, como argumentam Conceição e Conceição (2014).
NT - 101 - Disoc - Gasto social com crianças e adolescentes: descrição metodológica
Authors: Silva Enid Rocha Andrade da , Ribeiro José Aparecido Carlos , Oliveira Valéria Rezende de , Zaconeta Liliana Chopitea , Varella Santiago Falluh , Rocha Denise Cristina Correa
Published: January 2023

Partindo do reconhecimento da importância do orçamento público para a garantia dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes, o Ipea e o Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF) celebraram, em setembro de 2019, um acordo de cooperação que visava construir uma metodologia capaz de servir de ferramenta para o monitoramento do gasto social com essa parcela da população no país. Este estudo busca apresentar de forma detalhada essa metodologia, a fim de que ela possa ser replicada por outras instituições nacionais e internacionais interessadas na concretização e na defesa dos direitos da infância e da adolescência.
APPLICABILITY OF BANKRUPTCY PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT MODELS TO FINANCIAL SECTOR COMPANIES
Authors: Grikietytė Giedrė , Mačiulytė-Šniukienė Alma
Published: January 2023

Anticipating the likelihood of bankruptcy is essential for every business. Nevertheless, one of the most critical sectors of the economy is the financial sector. The bankruptcy of a company in the financial industry affects both individuals, businesses, and organizations, negatively impacting the economy. Therefore, it is essential to anticipate the likelihood of bankruptcy of companies in the financial sector and make management decisions to avoid the risk of bankruptcy. There are many methodologies for analyzing and predicting corporate bankruptcy that differ in content, number, and accuracy of measurable indicators, so it is crucial to identify which model is most appropriate for assessing the risk of corporate bankruptcy in a particular sector. Given that the financial sector plays a crucial role in economic development and that the consequences of their bankruptcy are harrowing, the aim is to identify the most sensitive model to the risk of bankruptcy in this sector. To achieve this goal, we reveal the concept of bankruptcy, present the internal and external causes of bankruptcy, and systematize the results of bankruptcy risk research of companies in the financial sector. Bankruptcy probability assessment models are also presented and compared, and their applicability to the financial industry is discussed. An analysis of the literature revealed that the most commonly used models for assessing the bankruptcy risk of companies in the financial sector are the Altman Z Index, the Ohlson O Index, and the Zmijewski X Index. After applying these models in the case of three banks (SEB bank, UAB Medicinos bank, and General Financing bank) using 2021. The Altman Z model found that the most sensitive bankruptcy predictor was the probability of bankruptcy.
A SEMI-ANALYTIC METHOD FOR SOLVING SINGULARLY PERTURBED TWIN-LAYER PROBLEMS WITH A TURNING POINT
Authors: Cengizci Süleyman , Kumar Devendra , Atay Mehmet Tarık
Published: January 2023

This computational study investigates a class of singularly perturbed second-order boundary-value problems having dual (twin) boundary layers and simple turning points. It is well-known that the classical discretization methods fail to resolve sharp gradients arising in solving singularly perturbed differential equations as the perturbation (diffusion) parameter decreases, i.e., ε → 0+. To this end, this paper proposes a semi-analytic hybrid method consisting of a numerical procedure based on finite differences and an asymptotic method called the Successive Complementary Expansion Method (SCEM) to approximate the solution of such problems. Two numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the method’s implementation and to evaluate its computational performance. Several comparisons with the numerical results existing in the literature are also made. The numerical observations reveal that the hybrid method leads to good solution profiles and achieves this in only a few iterations.
HIGH ORDER SECOND DERIVATIVE DIAGONALLY IMPLICIT MULTISTAGE INTEGRATION METHODS FOR ODES
Authors: Sharifi Mohammad , Abdi Ali , Braś Michal , Hojjati Gholamreza
Published: January 2023

Construction of second derivative diagonally implicit multistage integration methods (SDIMSIMs) as a subclass of second derivative general linear methods with Runge–Kutta stability property requires to generate the corresponding conditions depending of the parameters of the methods. These conditions which are a system of polynomial equations can not be produced by symbolic manipulation packages for the methods of order p ≥ 5. In this paper, we describe an approach to construct SDIMSIMs with Runge–Kutta stability property by using some variant of the Fourier series method which has been already used for the construction of high order general linear methods. Examples of explicit and implicit SDIMSIMs of order five and six are given which respectively are appropriate for both non-stiff and stiff differential systems in a sequential computing environment. Finally, the efficiency of the constructed methods is verified by providing some numerical experiments.