bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early-life and pubertal stress differentially modulate grey matter development in human adolescents
Authors: Tyborowska Anna , Volman Inge , Niermann Hannah C. M. , Pouwels J. Loes , Smeekens Sanny , Cillessen Antonius H. N. , Toni Ivan , Roelofs Karin
Published: June 2018

Animal and human studies have shown that both early-life traumatic events and ongoing stress episodes affect neurodevelopment, however, it remains unclear whether and how they modulate normative adolescent neuro-maturational trajectories. We characterized effects of early-life (age 0–5) and ongoing stressors (age 14–17) on longitudinal changes (age 14 to17) in grey matter volume (GMV) of healthy adolescents (n = 37). Timing and stressor type were related to differential GMV changes. More personal early-life stressful events were associated with larger developmental reductions in GMV over anterior prefrontal cortex, amygdala and other subcortical regions; whereas ongoing stress from the adolescents’ social environment was related to smaller reductions over the orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex. These findings suggest that early-life stress accelerates pubertal development, whereas an adverse adolescent social environment disturbs brain maturation with potential mental health implications: delayed anterior cingulate maturation was associated with more antisocial traits – a juvenile precursor of psychopathy.
Extracellular nanovesicles released from the commensal yeast Malassezia sympodialis are enriched in allergens and interact with cells in human skin
Authors: Johansson Henrik J. , Vallhov Helen , Holm Tina , Gehrmann Ulf , Andersson Anna , Johansson Catharina , Blom Hans , Carroni Marta , Lehtiö Janne , Scheynius Annika
Published: June 2018

Malassezia sympodialis is a dominant commensal fungi in the human skin mycobiome but is also associated with common skin disorders including atopic eczema (AE). M. sympodialis releases extracellular vesicles, designated MalaEx, which are carriers of small RNAs and allergens, and they can induce inflammatory cytokine responses. Here we explored how MalaEx are involved in host-microbe interactions by comparing protein content of MalaEx with that of the parental yeast cells, and by investigating interactions of MalaEx with cells in the skin. Cryo-electron tomography revealed a heterogeneous population of MalaEx. iTRAQ based quantitative proteomics identified in total 2439 proteins in all replicates of which 110 were enriched in MalaEx compared to the yeast cells. Among the MalaEx enriched proteins were two of the M. sympodialis allergens, Mala s 1 and s 7. Functional experiments indicated an active binding and internalization of MalaEx into human keratinocytes and monocytes, and MalaEx were found in close proximity of the nuclei using super-resolution fluorescence 3D-SIM imaging. Our results provides new insights into host-microbe interactions, supporting that MalaEx may have a role in the sensitization and maintenance of inflammation in AE by containing enriched amounts of allergens and with their ability to interact with skin cells.
Functional switching of ascorbate peroxidase 2 of rice (OsAPX2) between peroxidase and molecular chaperone
Authors: Hong Sung Hyun , Tripathi Bhumi Nath , Chung Moon-Soo , Cho Chuloh , Lee Sungbeom , Kim Jin-Hong , Bai Hyoung-Woo , Bae Hyeun-Jong , Cho Jae-Young , Chung Byung Yeoup , Lee Seung Sik
Published: June 2018

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a class I haem-containing peroxidase, which catalyses the conversion of H2O2 to H2O and O2 using ascorbate as the specific electron donor. APX plays a central role in the elimination of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protects plants from the oxidative damage that can occur as a result of biotic and abiotic stresses. At present, the only known function of APX is as a peroxidase. However, in this study, we demonstrate that Oryza sativa APX2 also operates as a molecular chaperone in rice. The different functions of OsAPX2 correlate strongly with its structural conformation. The high-molecular-weight (HMW) complexes had chaperone activity, whereas the low-molecular-weight (LMW) forms displayed predominantly APX activity. The APX activity was effectively inhibited by sodium azide, which is an inhibitor of haem-containing enzymes, but this did not affect the protein’s activity as a chaperone. Additionally, the OsAPX2 conformational changes could be regulated by salt and heat stresses and these stimulated OsAPX2 dissociation and association, respectively. Our results provide new insight into the roles of APXs.
Social status and prenatal testosterone exposure assessed via second-to-fourth digit ratio affect 6–9-year-old children’s prosocial choices
Authors: Horn Lisa , Hungerländer Niklas A. , Windhager Sonja , Bugnyar Thomas , Massen Jorg J. M.
Published: June 2018

Prosocial behaviour (i.e., voluntary behaviour intended to benefit another) seems to be fully developed in children by the age of 6 years. However, questions about which factors modify prosocial behaviour at that age remain understudied. Here we used a resource allocation paradigm to test prosocial behaviour in 6–9-year-old school children. They could decide between a “selfish” (i.e., one sticker for themselves) and a “prosocial” option (i.e., one sticker for themselves and one for the receiver) and we tested whether friendship, social status and prenatal androgen exposure (approximated by the 2nd to 4th digit ratio; 2D:4D) influenced children’s prosocial choices. We found that children behaved prosocially, and that their prosocial tendencies were negatively correlated with prenatal androgen exposure; i.e., children with high 2D:4D ratios (reflecting low prenatal androgen exposure) acted more prosocially than children with low 2D:4D ratios. Further, their social status in the classroom influenced their choices: children with fewer interaction partners chose the “prosocial” option more often than more ‘popular’ children. However, they did so irrespectively of whether they were paired with a recipient or not. Our results highlight the importance of considering social, as well as physiological factors when investigating prosocial behaviour in children.
Structural Neural Correlates of Physiological Mirror Activity During Isometric Contractions of Non-Dominant Hand Muscles
Authors: Maudrich Tom , Kenville Rouven , Lepsien Jöran , Villringer Arno , Ragert Patrick
Published: June 2018

Mirror Activity (MA) describes involuntarily occurring muscular activity in contralateral homologous limbs during unilateral movements. This phenomenon has not only been reported in patients with neurological disorders (i.e. Mirror Movements) but has also been observed in healthy adults referred to as physiological Mirror Activity (pMA). However, despite recent hypotheses, the underlying neural mechanisms and structural correlates of pMA still remain insufficiently described. We investigated the structural correlates of pMA during isometric contractions of hand muscles with increasing force demands on a whole-brain level by means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). We found significant negative correlations between individual tendencies to display pMA and grey matter volume (GMV) in the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as well as fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter (WM) tracts of left precuneus (PrC) during left (non-dominant) hand contractions. No significant structural associations for contractions of the right hand were found. Here we extend previously reported functional associations between ACC/PrC and the inhibtion of intrinsically favoured mirror-symmetrical movement tendencies to an underlying structural level. We provide novel evidence that the individual structural state of higher order motor/executive areas upstream of primary/secondary motor areas might contribute to the phenomen of pMA.
Focus-Induced Photoresponse: a novel way to measure distances with photodetectors
Authors: Pekkola Oili , Lungenschmied Christoph , Fejes Peter , Handreck Anke , Hermes Wilfried , Irle Stephan , Lennartz Christian , Schildknecht Christian , Schillen Peter , Schindler Patrick , Send Robert , Valouch Sebastian , Thiel Erwin , Bruder Ingmar
Published: June 2018

We present the Focus-Induced Photoresponse (FIP) technique, a novel approach to optical distance measurement. It takes advantage of a universally-observed phenomenon in photodetector devices, an irradiance-dependent responsivity. This means that the output from a sensor is not only dependent on the total flux of incident photons, but also on the size of the area in which they fall. If probe light from an object is cast on the detector through a lens, the sensor response depends on how far in or out of focus the object is. We call this the FIP effect. Here we demonstrate how to use the FIP effect to measure the distance to that object. We show that the FIP technique works with different sensor types and materials, as well as visible and near infrared light. The FIP technique operates on a working principle, which is fundamentally different from all established distance measurement methods and hence offers a way to overcome some of their limitations. FIP enables fast optical distance measurements with a simple single-pixel detector layout and minimal computational power. It allows for measurements that are robust to ambient light even outside the wavelength range accessible with silicon.
In planta proximity dependent biotin identification (BioID)
Authors: Khan Madiha , Youn Ji-Young , Gingras Anne-Claude , Subramaniam Rajagopal , Desveaux Darrell
Published: June 2018

Proximity dependent biotin identification (BioID) has emerged as a powerful tool for studies of proteome architecture, including insoluble or membrane-associated proteins. The technique has been well established in mammalian cells but has yet to be applied to whole plant systems. Here we demonstrate the application of BioID on leaf tissues of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, thereby expanding the versatility of this important technique and providing a powerful proteomics tool for plant biologists.
Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of submerged lotus reveals cooperative regulation and gene responses
Authors: Wang Bei , Jin Qijiang , Zhang Xiao , Mattson Neil S. , Ren Huihui , Cao Jing , Wang Yanjie , Yao Dongrui , Xu Yingchun
Published: June 2018

Flooding severely limits plant growth even for some aquatic plants. Although much work has been done on submergence response of some important crop plants, little is known about the response mechanism of aquatic plants, i.e. lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). In this study, we investigated the genome-wide regulation lotus genes in response to submergence stress by high-throughput mRNA sequencing. A total of 4002 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in lotus upon submergence stress. Among them, 1976 genes were up-regulated and 2026 down-regulated. Functional annotation of these genes by Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that they were mainly involved in processes of oxidation-reduction, abiotic stimuli, cellular metabolism and small molecule metabolism. Based on these data, previous work and quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) validation, we constructed a cooperative regulation network involved in several important DEGs in regards to the antioxidant system, disease resistance, hypoxia resistance and morphological adaptation. Further work confirmed that several innate immunity genes were induced during submergence and might confer higher resistance to lotus rot disease. In conclusion, these results provide useful information on molecular mechanisms underlying lotus responses to submergence stress.
Unexplored photoluminescence from bulk and mechanically exfoliated few layers of Bi2Te3
Authors: Gupta Bipin Kumar , Sultana Rabia , Singh Satbir , Singh Vijeta , Awana Geet , Gupta Anurag , Singh Bahadur , Srivastava A. K. , Srivastava O. N. , Auluck S. , Awana V. P. S.
Published: June 2018

We report the exotic photoluminescence (PL) behaviour of 3D topological insulator Bi2Te3 single crystals grown by customized self-flux method and mechanically exfoliated few layers (18 ± 2 nm)/thin flakes obtained by standard scotch tape method from as grown Bi2Te3 crystals. The experimental PL studies on bulk single crystal and mechanically exfoliated few layers of Bi2Te3 evidenced a broad red emission in the visible region from 600–690 nm upon 375 nm excitation wavelength corresponding to optical band gap of 2 eV. These findings are in good agreement with our theoretical results obtained using the ab initio density functional theory framework. Interestingly, the observed optical band gap is several times larger than the known electronic band gap of ~0.15 eV. The experimentally observed 2 eV optical band gap in the visible region for bulk as well as for mechanically exfoliated few layers Bi2Te3 single crystals clearly rules out the quantum confinement effects in the investigated samples which are well known in the 2D systems like MoS2,WS2, WSe2, and MoSe2 for 1–3 layers.
Diagnosis of Human Leptospirosis in a Clinical Setting: Real-Time PCR High Resolution Melting Analysis for Detection of Leptospira at the Onset of Disease
Authors: Esteves Lisa M. , Bulhões Sara M. , Branco Claudia C. , Carreira Teresa , Vieira Maria L. , Gomes-Solecki Maria , Mota-Vieira Luisa
Published: June 2018

Currently, direct detection of Leptospira can be done in clinical laboratories by conventional and by real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We tested a biobank of paired samples of serum and urine from the same patient (202 patients) presenting at the hospital in an area endemic for leptospirosis using qRT-PCR followed by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. The results were compared with those obtained by conventional nested PCR and with the serologic gold standard microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Differences were resolved by sequencing. qRT-PCR-HRM was positive for 46 of the 202 patients (22.7%, accuracy 100%) which is consistent with known prevalence of leptospirosis in the Azores. MAT results were positive for 3 of the 46 patients (6.5%). Analysis of paired samples allowed us to identify the illness point at which patients presented at the hospital: onset, dissemination or excretion. The melting curve analysis of Leptospira species revealed that 60.9% (28/46) of patients were infected with L. interrogans and 39.1% (18/46) were infected with L. borgpetersenii, both endemic to the Azores. We validated the use of qRT-PCR-HRM for diagnosis of leptospirosis and for identification of the Leptospira species at the earliest onset of infection in a clinical setting, in less than 2 hours.
RNA-Seq reveals large quantitative differences between the transcriptomes of outbreak and non-outbreak locusts
Authors: Bakkali M. , Martín-Blázquez R.
Published: June 2018

Outbreaks of locust populations repeatedly devastate economies and ecosystems in large parts of the world. The consequent behavioural shift from solitarious to gregarious and the concomitant changes in the locusts’ biology are of relevant scientific interest. Yet, research on the main locust species has not benefitted from recent advances in genomics. In this first RNA-Seq study on Schistocerca gregaria, we report two transcriptomes, including many novel genes, as well as differential gene expression results. In line with the large biological differences between solitarious and gregarious locusts, almost half of the transcripts are differentially expressed between their central nervous systems. Most of these transcripts are over-expressed in the gregarious locusts, suggesting positive correlations between the levels of activity at the population, individual, tissue and gene expression levels. We group these differentially expressed transcripts by gene function and highlight those that are most likely to be associated with locusts’ phase change either in a species-specific or general manner. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of population-level and physiological events leading to gregariousness.
Enhanced near-surface ozone under heatwave conditions in a Mediterranean island
Authors: Pyrgou Andri , Hadjinicolaou Panos , Santamouris Mat
Published: June 2018

Near-surface ozone is enhanced under particular chemical reactions and physical processes. This study showed the seasonal variation of near-surface ozone in Nicosia, Cyprus and focused in summers when the highest ozone levels were noted using a seven year hourly dataset from 2007 to 2014. The originality of this study is that it examines how ozone levels changed under heatwave conditions (defined as 4 consecutive days with daily maximum temperature over 39 °C) with emphasis on specific air quality and meteorological parameters with respect to non-heatwave summer conditions. The influencing parameters had a medium-strong positive correlation of ozone with temperature, UVA and UVB at daytime which increased by about 35% under heatwave conditions. The analysis of the wind pattern showed a small decrease of wind speed during heatwaves leading to stagnant weather conditions, but also revealed a steady diurnal cycle of wind speed reaching a peak at noon, when the highest ozone levels were noted. The negative correlation of NOx budget with ozone was further increased under heatwave conditions leading to steeper lows of ozone in the morning. In summary, this research encourages further analysis into the persistent weather conditions prevalent during HWs stimulating ozone formation for higher temperatures.
Obesity/Type II Diabetes Promotes Function-limiting Changes in Murine Tendons that are not reversed by Restoring Normal Metabolic Function
Authors: Studentsova Valentina , Mora Keshia M. , Glasner Melissa F. , Buckley Mark R. , Loiselle Alayna E.
Published: June 2018

Type II Diabetes (T2DM) negatively alters baseline tendon function, including decreased range of motion and mechanical properties; however, the biological mechanisms that promote diabetic tendinopathy are unknown. To facilitate identification of therapeutic targets we developed a novel murine model of diabetic tendinopathy. Mice fed a High Fat Diet (HFD) developed diet induced obesity and T2DM and demonstrated progressive impairments in tendon gliding function and mechanical properties, relative to mice fed a Low Fat Diet (LFD). We then determined if restoration of normal metabolic function, by switching mice from HFD to LFD, was sufficient to halt the pathological changes in tendon due to obesity/T2DM. However, switching from a HFD to LFD resulted in greater impairments in tendon gliding function than mice maintained on a HFD. Mechanistically, IRβ signaling is decreased in obese/T2DM murine tendons, suggesting altered IRβ signaling as a driver of diabetic tendinopathy. However, knock-down of IRβ expression in S100a4-lineage cells (IRcKOS100a4) was not sufficient to induce diabetic tendinopathy as no impairments in tendon gliding function or mechanical properties were observed in IRcKOS100a4, relative to WT. Collectively, these data define a murine model of diabetic tendinopathy, and demonstrate that restoring normal metabolism does not slow the progression of diabetic tendinopathy.
Recent progress in improving the stability of copper-based catalysts for hydrogenation of carbon–oxygen bonds
Authors: Ye Run-Ping , Lin Ling , Li Qiaohong , Zhou Zhangfeng , Wang Tongtong , Russell Christopher K. , Adidharma Hertanto , Xu Zhenghe , Yao Yuan-Gen , Fan Maohong
Published: June 2018

Five different strategies to enhance the stability of Cu-based catalysts for hydrogenation of C–O bonds are summarized in this review.
Synthesis and structure of arylselenium(ii) and aryltellurium(ii) cations based on rigid 5-tert-butyl-1,3-bis-(N-pentylbenzimidazol-2′-yl)benzenes
Authors: Rani Varsha , Boda Manjusha , Raju Saravanan , Naresh Patwari G. , Singh Harkesh B. , Butcher Ray J.
Published: June 2018

The transmetalation reactions of mercury precursor, [Pentyl(N^C^N)HgCl] (19) with selenium and tellurium halides led to isolation of air stable NCN pincer based arylselenium(ii) and aryltellurium(ii) cations due to facile ionization of Se/Te halogen bond.
Precursor-mediated synthesis of Cu2−xSe nanoparticles and their composites with TiO2 for improved photocatalysis
Authors: Gahlot Sweta , Jeanneau Erwann , Dappozze Frederic , Guillard Chantal , Mishra Shashank
Published: June 2018

Simple, but effective. Successful isolation and characterization of an intermediate during the reaction of tBu2Se with Cu(TFA)2 establishes the route for the formation of copper selenide NPs and Cu2−xSe–TiO2 composites as active photocatalysts.
A bifunctional cationic metal–organic framework based on unprecedented nonanuclear copper(ii) cluster for high dichromate and chromate trapping and highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes under visible light irradiation
Authors: Zheng Tian-Rui , Qian Lin-Lu , Li Min , Wang Zhi-Xiang , Li Ke , Zhang Ya-Qian , Li Bao-Long , Wu Bing
Published: June 2018

A bifunctional cationic MOF showed fast and highly efficient Cr2O72− and CrO42− trapping, and highly efficient photocatalytic activity.
Silver nanoparticle embedded copper oxide as an efficient core–shell for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and antibacterial activity improvement
Authors: Bouazizi N. , Vieillard J. , Thebault P. , Desriac F. , Clamens T. , Bargougui R. , Couvrat N. , Thoumire O. , Brun N. , Ladam G. , Morin S. , Mofaddel N. , Lesouhaitier O. , Azzouz A. , Le Derf F.
Published: June 2018

A facile and eco-friendly method was developed to prepare a microporous CuO@Ag0 core–shell with high catalytic and antibacterial activities.
Uptake and impacts of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) capped metal oxide nanoparticles on Daphnia magna: role of core composition and acquired corona
Authors: Briffa S. M. , Nasser F. , Valsami-Jones E. , Lynch I.
Published: June 2018

A key hypothesis in nanosafety assessment is that the NP core chemistry and eco-corona are primary factors controlling toxicity.
Propidium monoazide pretreatment on a 3D-printed microfluidic device for efficient PCR determination of ‘liveversusdead’ microbial cells
Authors: Zhu Yanzhe , Huang Xiao , Xie Xing , Bahnemann Janina , Lin Xingyu , Wu Xunyi , Wang Siwen , Hoffmann Michael R.
Published: June 2018

A microfluidic chip for differentiating liveversusdead cells was designed and tested experimentally with lab and environmental samples.
Impact of upstream chlorination on filter performance and microbial community structure of GAC and anthracite biofilters
Authors: de Vera Glen Andrew , Gerrity Daniel , Stoker Mitchell , Frehner Wilbur , Wert Eric C.
Published: June 2018

Dechlorination in GAC biofilters leads to greater bioactivity and growth of a diverse microbial community.
Chemical probes of Skp2-mediated p27 ubiquitylation and degradation
Authors: Lough Lea , Sherman Dan , Ni Eric , Young Lauren M. , Hao Bing , Cardozo Timothy
Published: June 2018

A meta-analysis of Skp2 inhibitors based on bioactivity, structure, and medicinal chemistry was used to identify validated Skp2 pharmaceutical hits.
A tunable one-pot three-component synthesis of an125I and Gd-labelled star polymer nanoparticle for hybrid imaging with MRI and nuclear medicine
Authors: Esser Lars , Lengkeek Nigel A. , Moffat Bradford A. , Vu Mai N. , Greguric Ivan , Quinn John F. , Davis Thomas P. , Whittaker Michael R.
Published: June 2018

Bimodal radioiodine/Gd labelled polymeric nanoparticles prepared using a versatile one-step three-component click reaction.
Swelling-induced pore generation in fluorinated polynorbornene block copolymer films
Authors: Cho Yunshik , Kim Youngjin , Choi Tae-Lim , Lim Jeewoo , Char Kookheon
Published: June 2018

Synthesis of fluorinated polynorbornene BCPs and swelling-induced pore generation of their films using fluorous solvent.
Enhanced catalytic activity of MnCo-MOF-74 for highly selective aerobic oxidation of substituted toluene
Authors: Huang Cheng , Liu Rui , Yang Wenyu , Li Yunpeng , Huang Jinsong , Zhu Hongjun
Published: June 2018

Novel MnCo-MOF-74 catalysts were prepared and used for highly selective aerobic oxidation of substituted toluene under mild conditions.
Chemical and thermal properties of VO2 mechanochemically derived from V2O5 by co-milling with paraffin wax
Authors: Takai Chika , Senna Mamoru , Hoshino Satoshi , Razavi-Khosroshahi Hadi , Fuji Masayoshi
Published: June 2018

Reduction of V2O5via a mechano-chemical route brings about unique electronic states of vanadium. The resulting VO2 exhibits high latent heat storage during heating (a) and cooling (b).
Combining semi-synthesis with plant and microbial biocatalysis: new frontiers in producing a chemical arsenal against cancer
Authors: Gary Samuel , Adegboye Janet , Popp Brian , Cocuron Jean-Christophe , Woodrum Brooklyn , Kovinich Nik
Published: June 2018

Combinatorial (bio)synthesis combines modules of semi-synthesis and biocatalysts to produce novel derivatives of anticancer natural products for bioactivity testing.
High n-type and p-type thermoelectric performance of two-dimensional SiTe at high temperature
Authors: Wang Qian , Quhe Ruge , Guan Zixuan , Wu Liyuan , Bi Jingyun , Guan Pengfei , Lei Ming , Lu Pengfei
Published: June 2018

2D β-SiTe is predicted to be a promising high-temperature thermoelectric material with a balanced n- and p-type performance.
Dual-spectra encoded suspension array using reversed-phase microemulsion UV curing and electrostatic self-assembling
Authors: Feng Guangxia , He Qinghua , Xie WenYue , He Yonghong , Chen Xuejing , Wang Bei , Lu Bangrong , Guan Tian
Published: June 2018

The rapid growth of demand for high-throughput multiplexed biochips from modern biotechnology has led to growing interest in suspension array based on multi-channel encoded microbeads.
Dual dye-loaded Au@Ag coupled to a lateral flow immunoassay for the accurate and sensitive detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Authors: Jia Xiaofei , Wang Chongwen , Rong Zhen , Li Jian , Wang Keli , Qie Zhiwei , Xiao Rui , Wang Shengqi
Published: June 2018

Schematic illustration of quantitative detection of human IgM using SERS-based lateral flow immunoassay.
High performance sol–gel synthesized Ce0.9Sr0.1(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O4sensing membrane for a solid-state pH sensor
Authors: Bag Sankar Prasad , Garu Prabir , Her Jim-Long , Lou Bih-Show , Pan Tung-Ming
Published: June 2018

We developed a high-performance solid-state pH sensor using a Ce0.9Sr0.1(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O4(CSZT) membrane through a very simple sol–gel spin-coating process.
Superior performance of Na7V4(P2O7)4PO4 in sodium ion batteries
Authors: Fang Wenying , An Zhongxun , Xu Jiaqiang , Zhao Hongbin , Zhang Jiujun
Published: June 2018

A novel synthetic method has been investigated to fabricate a 1D nanostructure Na7V4(P2O7)4PO4.
Inhibition of hydrocarbon autoxidation by nitroxide-catalyzed cross-dismutation of hydroperoxyl and alkylperoxyl radicals
Authors: Harrison Kareem A. , Haidasz Evan A. , Griesser Markus , Pratt Derek A.
Published: June 2018

Nitroxides inhibit the autoxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbon substrates by utilizing small amounts of hydroperoxyl radicals formed in a tunneling-enhanced 1,4-HAT/elimination sequence from substrate-derived α-alkoxyalkylperoxyl radicals.
Rational design of forest-like nickel sulfide hierarchical architectures with ultrahigh areal capacity as a binder-free cathode material for hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Rama Raju G. Seeta , Pavitra E. , Nagaraju Goli , Sekhar S. Chandra , Ghoreishian Seyed Majid , Kwak Cheol Hwan , Yu Jae Su , Huh Yun Suk , Han Young-Kyu
Published: June 2018

The forest-like NiS hierarchical architectures demonstrated superior electrochemical performance with excellent cycling stability.
Polymeric acid-doped transparent carbon nanotube electrodes for organic solar cells with the longest doping durability
Authors: Jeon Il , Delacou Clement , Okada Hiroshi , Morse Graham E. , Han Tae-Hee , Sato Yuta , Anisimov Anton , Suenaga Kazu , Kauppinen Esko I. , Maruyama Shigeo , Matsuo Yutaka
Published: June 2018

This communication reports the discovery of an effective and long-lasting p-type dopant polymeric acid for transparent carbon electrodes.
Flexible films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/carbon nanotube thermoelectric composites prepared by dynamic 3-phase interfacial electropolymerization and subsequent physical mixing
Authors: Fan Wusheng , Guo Cun-Yue , Chen Guangming
Published: June 2018

We propose a novel preparation strategy, i.e. dynamic 3-phase interfacial electropolymerization and subsequent physical mixing, to fabricate flexible films of PEDOT/SWCNT thermoelectric composites.
Real-time noninvasive monitoring of cell mortality using a two-photon emissive probe based on quaternary ammonium
Authors: Zhang Mingzhu , Du Wei , Tian Xiaohe , Zhang Ruilong , Zhao Meng , Zhou Hongping , Ding Yaqi , Li Lin , Wu Jieying , Tian Yupeng
Published: June 2018

We report that a dicyanyl derivative QN2 containing quaternary ammonium was capable of identifying apoptotic cells by targeting nucleic acid (DNA and RNA).
A unique nanogel-based platform for enhanced dual mode tumor MR/CT imaging
Authors: Sun Wenjie , Zhang Jiulong , Zhang Changchang , Zhou Yiwei , Zhu Jianzhi , Peng Chen , Shen Mingwu , Shi Xiangyang
Published: June 2018

Alginate nanogels loaded with gold nanoparticles and gadolinium can be synthesized via a nanoparticle-crosslinking approach for enhanced tumor MR/CT imaging.
Surface zwitterionization on versatile hydrophobic interfaces via a combined copolymerization/self-assembling process
Authors: Chou Ying-Nien , Venault Antoine , Wang Yu-Hsiang , Chinnathambi Arunachalam , Higuchi Akon , Chang Yung
Published: June 2018

A special surface modification for coating amphiphilic zwitterionic polymers in a single step for antifouling applications in complex media.
Laser floating zone growth of improper geometric ferroelectric GdInO3 single crystals with Z6 topological defects
Authors: Li Yanbin , Wang Yazhong , Tan Wenjie , Wang Wenbo , Zhang Junjie , Kim Jae Wook , Cheong Sang-Wook , Tao Xutang
Published: June 2018

A novel geometric ferroelectric GdInO3 single crystal with Z6 topological defects is rationally fabricated.
Simultaneous enhancement of mechanical strength and luminescence performance in double-network supramolecular hydrogels
Authors: Li Bin , Ding Zhi-Jun , Li Zhiqiang , Li Huanrong
Published: June 2018

We observed remarkable simultaneous enhancement of both mechanical strength and luminescence performance in the presented luminescent supramolecular hydrogels, which were obtained by copolymerization of functional lanthanide-containing co-monomers and acrylamide monomers.
Polarity flipping in an isotype heterojunction (p-SnS/p-Si) to enable a broadband wavelength selective energy-efficient photodetector
Authors: Patel Malkeshkumar , Kumar Mohit , Kim Joondong
Published: June 2018

We fabricated a p–p isotype heterojunction (SnS/Si), which exhibits selective photodetection at zero-bias.
Autophagy in cancer: a complex relationship
Authors: Wilde Lindsay , Tanson Katherina , Curry Joseph , Martinez-Outschoorn Ubaldo
Published: June 2018

Macroautophagy is the process by which cells package and degrade cytosolic components, and recycle the breakdown products for future use. Since its initial description by Christian de Duve in the 1960s, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that underlie this vital cellular process and its specificity. Furthermore, macroautophagy is linked to pathologic conditions such as cancer and is being studied as a therapeutic target. In this review, we will explore the connections between autophagy and cancer, which are tumor- and context-dependent and include the tumor microenvironment. We will highlight the importance of tumor compartment-specific autophagy in both cancer aggressiveness and treatment.
Seasonal indoor radon studies in buildings of Accra Metropolis of Greater Accra region of Ghana
Authors: Otoo F. , Darko E.O. , Garavaglia M. , Giovani C. , Pividore S. , Andam A.B. , Amoako J.K. , Adukpo O.K. , Tandoh J.B. , Inkoom S.
Published: June 2018

Indoor radon concentration for annual, rainy and dry season have been studied in 228 buildings which includes bedroom, kitchen, sitting room, laboratories and offices in Accra metropolis of Greater Accra of Ghana. The passive radon CR-39 SSNTD was used for this study. The cumulative frequency distribution, normalizing Q-Q plots, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk statistical test showed that the result of both workplaces and dwellings are not normally distributed. The strong positive correlation between the two seasons occurred at 95% confidence level with 2 tailed. The rainy season recorded highest coefficient variation of r2 = 0.982. Statistical analysis of median (39.3), AM (103.4), GM (57.9) and GSD (3.2) for rainy season were greater than that of the dry season of median (26.9), AM (88.2), GM (49.2) and GSD (2.8) respectively. Rainy season was found to contain high radon concentrations than the dry season for all the studied locations. In general, workplace had radon concentration far greater than dwellings. The results obtained from this study ranged between 13.6 to 533.7 Bq/m3, out of which 9.6%, 12.7% and 3.5% were found to be greater than action levels proposed by WHO, EC and ICRP.
Metabolic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: looking at the role of perceived consistent parenting support of self-care
Authors: Pelicand Julie , Charlier Dominique , Maes Marc , Henrard Severine , Aujoulat Isabelle
Published: June 2018

Objectives: Different parenting practices contribute differently to the development of adolescent self-care. However, little is known about the impact of consistent parenting practices on adolescent self-care and metabolic control. Our study aimed to explore the association between parenting practices and adolescent metabolic control when both parents were consistent in supporting the adolescent’ management of (i) diabetes alone, (ii) psychosocial life issues alone and (iii) both diabetes and psychosocial life issues. Moreover, we looked at the types of consistent parenting practices most frequently associated with optimal metabolic control. Methods: 31 adolescents with type 1-diabetes aged 13 to 15 were interviewed during a diabetes summer camp in France. A mixed-methods (both qualitative and quantitative) design was used in order to code the different reported parenting practices, and to identify associations between different types of perceived parental consistencies and the adolescents’ metabolic control. Results: The results significantly support the hypothesis that consistent parental support of all aspects of self-care is associated with better glycaemic control in young adolescents. Conclusion: A dimension of family work should be more systematically included in diabetes care in order to strengthen the parents’ capacity to effectively and adequately support their adolescents’ emerging self-care capacity in the medical and psychosocial dimensions of self-care.
Vom Breitbandeffekt zur Wirkverstärkung
Authors: Kassen Annette
Published: June 2018

Die Firma Loges kombiniert westliche und fernöstliche Heilpflanzen zu homöopathischen Komplexen
Chirurgie bei Läsionen des Nervus facialis
Authors: Thielker Jovanna , Bendella Habib , Gaudin Robert A. , Grosheva Maria , Volk Fabian Gerd , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: June 2018

Ursachen für eine Läsion mit nachfolgender Lähmung des N. facialis sind vielfältig, von der idiopathischen Fazialisparese bis hin zur Destruktion des Nervs durch
einen malignen Tumor. Eine Indikation zur chirurgischen Intervention besteht immer dann, wenn die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer spontanen Heilung mit gutem
funktionellen Ergebnis gering oder gar nicht vorhanden ist, und eine medikamentöse Behandlung nicht möglich oder auch der chirurgischen Therapie unterlegen
ist.
Phytotherapie im Schafspelz
Authors: Stern Cornelia
Published: June 2018

Manche Heilpflanzen sind nicht als Phyto-Präparat verkehrsfähig, weil sie keine Monographie erhalten haben. Gründe hierfür sind etwa Toxizität oder das Fehlen von Studien. Pflanzliche Urtinkturen und Tiefpotenzen enthalten stoffliche Bestandteile der Ausgangspflanze. Deshalb kann man sie nicht nur homöopathisch, sondern auch phytotherapeutisch verordnen. Manche unverdünnt toxischen Heilpflanzen wie das Adonisröschen sind in Tiefpotenzen erhältlich, die gesundheitlich unbedenklich, aber noch phytotherapeutisch wirksam sind.
Rekrutierungsstrategien für Migrantinnen in einer Geburtskohorte am Beispiel der BaBi-Studie
Authors: Grosser Angelique Martha , Höller-Holtrichter Chantal , Doyle Ina-Merle , Schmitz Jutta , Hoffmann Renata , Ergin-Akkoyun Emine , Mauro Antonia , Breckenkamp Jürgen , Razum Oliver , Spallek Jacob
Published: June 2018

Hintergrund Die Rekrutierung von Studienteilnehmern aller relevanten Bevölkerungsgruppen stellt eine der Herausforderungen in der (sozial-)epidemiologischen Forschung dar. Es existiert eine Vielzahl von Strategien, die der Rekrutierung von ethnischen Minderheiten und bestimmter Migrantengruppen dienen können. Unklar ist bisher, ob diese Strategien auch bei der Etablierung einer Geburtskohorte geeignet sind. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Darstellung und Evaluation von Rekrutierungsstrategien für Migrantinnen in einer Geburtskohorte am Beispiel der BaBi-Studie.

Methoden Die Rekrutierung erfolgte von Oktober 2013 bis Oktober 2016. Als Vorbereitung wurden Fokusgruppen mit Schwangeren und Müttern und leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews mit Hebammen und GynäkologInnen durchgeführt, um Studienmaterialien, Befragungsinstrumente und Sprachpräferenzen zu prüfen. In der Vorstudie wurden unterschiedliche Rekrutierungswege getestet. Im Rekrutierungsverlauf fand eine kontinuierliche Evaluation statt, um erfolgreiche Rekrutierungsstrategien für Teilnehmerinnen mit Migrationshintergrund zu ermitteln und anzupassen.

Ergebnisse Von den eingeschlossenen 980 Teilnehmerinnen hatten 390 einen Migrationshintergrund (40%). Es wurden aktive und passive Rekrutierungsstrategien verfolgt, in denen u. a. türkische Übersetzungen und multikulturelles Personal zum Einsatz kamen. Für die passive Rekrutierung über gynäkologische Praxen und Hebammen mussten die schwangeren Frauen und Wöchnerinnen eine hohe Motivation für die Rekrutierung mitbringen. Die aktive Rekrutierung in den Geburtskliniken (Ansprache durch Study-Nurses) erhöhte den Anteil an Teilnehmerinnen mit Migrationshintergrund von 22 auf 49% aller Teilnehmerinnen. Durch frühzeitige Überprüfungen und Anpassungen der Zugangswege konnte die Teilnahmebereitschaft erhöht werden.

Schlussfolgerung Für die Rekrutierung von Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund sind gründliche Vorbereitungen in Form von Befragungen (Fokusgruppen, Leitfadeninterviews) und einer Vorstudie sinnvoll. Von Beginn an sind Verfahren zur frühzeitigen Evaluation der unterschiedlichen Rekrutierungsstrategien und ein erhöhter Personalaufwand (z. B. für (Rück-/ Übersetzungen) einzuplanen). Der Einschluss von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in sozialepidemiologischen Studien sollte in Deutschland zur Normalität werden.
S2k-Leitlinie Neuroendokrine Tumore
Authors:   Authors,   Collaborators:,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS),   Netzwerk Neuroendokrine Tumoren (NeT) e.V. (Patientenvertretung),   Bundesorganisation Selbsthilfe NeuroEndokrine Tumoren e.V. (NET-sgh) (Patientenvertretung),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hämatologie und Medizinische Onkologie e.V. (DGHO), und Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie (AIO) der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft e.V,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie e.V. (DGAV),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (DGCH),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Endoskopie und Bildgebende Verfahren (DGEBV),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin e.V. (DGNM),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin (DGIM),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Endokrinologie (DGE),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Palliativmedizin e.V. (DGP),   Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft e.V. (DRG),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pathologie e.V./Bundesverband Deutscher Pathologen (DGP/BDP),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für interventionelle Radiologie (DGiR)
Published: June 2018

Diese erstmals erstellte Leitlinie soll als praktische Hilfe für die Diagnostik und Therapie neuroendokriner Tumore dienen. Sie soll den aktuellen Stand der Wissenschaft darstellen, das Erkennen der Erkrankung fördern und die Behandlung der Patienten verbessern. Die Leitlinie wurde unter Federführung der DGVS und mit Beteiligung benachbarter Fachgebiete erstellt.
Altered microRNA expression during Impaired Glucose Tolerance and High-fat Diet Feeding
Authors: Pheiffer Carmen , Dias Stephanie , Willmer Tarryn , Pace Ryan , Aagaard Kjersti , Louw Johan
Published: June 2018

Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in metabolic regulation. Recently, we identified novel miRNAs in the whole blood of South African women of mixed ethnic ancestry. The aim of this study was to investigate whether five of these novel miRNAs are expressed in serum and whether their expression is altered during metabolic dysregulation.

Methods Expression levels of the five novel miRNAs (MYN08, MYNO22, MYN059, MYNO66 and MYNO95) were measured in the serum of women with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) and Normoglycemia (NGT) (n=24), and in the whole blood of vervet monkeys fed a high-fat or standard diet (n=16) using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results Only three of the selected novel miRNAs (MYNO8, MYNO22 and MYNO66) were expressed in serum. The expression of MYN08 and MYNO22 were associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations, decreased during IGT and able to predict IGT. The expression of these miRNAs were similarly decreased in vervet monkeys fed a high-fat diet. In silico analysis identified a total of 291 putative messenger RNA targets for MYNO8 and MYNO22, including genes involved in gluconeogenesis, carbohydrate metabolism, glucose homeostasis and lipid transport.

Conclusion Two novel miRNAs, MYNO8 and MYNO22, are associated with metabolic dysregulation in South African women of mixed ethnic ancestry and with high-fat diet feeding in vervet monkeys. Furthermore, putative gene targets were enriched in biological processes involved in key aspects of glucose regulation, which strengthens the candidacy of these miRNAs as biomarkers for dysglycemia, and warranting further studies to assess their clinical applicability.
Ein Leck im Darm entdecken
Authors: Rüffer Andreas
Published: June 2018

Oft stecken hinter chronischen Erkrankungen Entzündungen. Viele davon laufen im Verborgenen ab, auch im Darm. Dabei reicht dort die Bandbreite von latenten Entzündungen, sogenannten „silent inflammations“, bis hin zu schweren chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen wie Morbus Crohn und Colitis ulcerosa. Um solche Prozesse rechtzeitig erkennen zu können, hat sich die Untersuchung verschiedener Schleimhautmarker im Stuhl bewährt.
Case Report: Persistent Acromegaly – Effective Therapy with Lanreotide and Weekly Pegvisomant Injections
Authors: Schürmeyer Thomas , Galling Britta
Published: June 2018

Objective Therapeutic options for persistent acromegaly after surgery include another surgical approach, radiotherapy, medical therapy or a combination of these procedures. We describe a patient with persistent acromegaly despite heavy pre-treatment who was in need of a simplified mode of effective therapy.

Methods In a 45-year old patient after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery followed by linear accelerator irradiation of the residual tumor two years later acromegaly could not be controlled by a tolerable dosage of intramuscular octreotide LAR. For professional reasons the patient requested a simplified mode of treatment.

Results In order to improve efficacy and treatment convenience, we combined subcutaneous injections of lanreotide up to 120 mg monthly performed by the patient’s spouse and of pegvisomant 80 mg weekly conducted by the patient himself. This therapy was well tolerated and satisfactory endocrine control was achieved. Magnetic resonance imaging did not show any remaining tumor within a year. 5 years following surgery and 3 years following irradiation pegvisomant could be stopped and levels of insulin growth factor 1 and growth hormone remained in the normal range. The interval of lanreotide given subcutaneously by the patient’s spouse could be extended stepwise and somatostatin analog treatment was terminated after 7.5 years when the patient was cured.

Conclusions Excessive growth hormone secretion persisting after pituitary surgery and irradiation can be controlled in a convenient way for the patient with acromegaly by combining monthly lanreotide and weekly pegvisomant injections, if monotherapy with a somatostatin analog fails.
Overcoming Heparin-Associated RT-qPCR Inhibition and Normalization Issues for microRNA Quantification in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Coelho-Lima Jose , Mohammed Ashfaq , Cormack Suzanne , Jones Samuel , Das Rajiv , Egred Mohaned , Panahi Pedram , Ali Simi , Spyridopoulos Ioakim
Published: June 2018

Background Cardiac-enriched micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are released into the circulation following ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Lack of standardized approaches for reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) data normalization and presence of RT-qPCR inhibitors (e.g. heparin) in patient blood samples have prevented reproducible miRNA quantification in this cohort and subsequent translation of these biomarkers to clinical practice.

Materials and Methods Using a RT-qPCR miRNA screening platform, we identified and validated an endogenous circulating miRNA as a normalization control. In addition, we assessed the effects of in vivo and in vitro anticoagulant drugs administration (heparin and bivalirudin) on three RT-qPCR normalization strategies (global miRNA mean, exogenous spike-in control [cel-miR-39] and endogenous miRNA control). Finally, we evaluated the effect of heparin and its in vitro inhibition with heparinase on the quantification of cardiac-enriched miRNAs in STEMI patients.

Results miR-425–5p was validated as an endogenous miRNA control. Heparin administration in vitro and in vivo inhibited all RT-qPCR normalization strategies. In contrast, bivalirudin had no effects on cel-miR-39 or miR-425–5p quantification. In vitro RNA sample treatment with 0.3 U of heparinase overcame heparin-induced over-estimation of cardiac-enriched miRNA levels and improved their correlation with high-sensitivity troponin T.

Conclusion miRNA quantification in STEMI patients receiving heparin is jeopardized by its effect on all RT-qPCR normalization approaches. Use of samples from bivalirudin-treated patients or in vitro treatment of heparin-contaminated samples with heparinase are suitable alternatives for miRNA quantification in this cohort. Finally, we reinforce the evidence that cardiac-enriched miRNAs early after myocardial reperfusion reflect the severity of cardiac injury.
Transient Neurologic Deficit without Vascular Pathology Correlates with Reversible Focal Hypoperfusion on Arterial Spin Labeled Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Diller Emily E. , Parker Jason G. , Ey Elizabeth H. , Lober Robert M.
Published: June 2018

We present the case of a 16-year-old boy with altered mental status and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrating left hemispheric hypoperfusion without evidence of stroke, based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging. Vessel imaging on magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography, in addition to an echocardiogram, showed no evidence of an embolic source. Electroencephalography showed left posterior temporal slowing. Within 8 hours, he was awake and alert but with receptive aphasia, and within 24 hours his symptoms completely resolved. Repeat ASL perfusion imaging demonstrated complete resolution of the perfusion abnormality, and diffusion imaging revealed no areas of infarct. This report demonstrates the correlation between a transient neurologic deficit and reversible focal hypoperfusion measured by ASL cerebral perfusion.