bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The pemphigus monoclonal antibody clone P5G6 (AX353) retains cell-surface staining by immunofluorescence and desmoglein binding by ELISA in an engineered scFv-Fc format
Authors: Hammers Christoph M. , Wrammert Jens
Published: April 2022

The recombinant human antibody clone P5G6 (AX353) in an engineered scFv-Fc format detects by immunofluorescence cell-surface proteins on cryosections of monkey esophagus. The same antibody detects by ELISA recombinant human desmoglein 3 and desmoglein 1 protein.
Research on the sustainable development and renewal of Macao inner harbour under the background of digitisation
Authors: Yang Shuai , Teng Youping , Mao Yishan , Barker Nathan
Published: April 2022

With the passage of time, the Inner Harbour of Macao has experienced changes, prosperity and decline. For a long time, the twin problems of flood and transformation of the traditional business district have been the ones primarily responsible for affecting the development of the Inner Harbour. This paper analyses the Inner Harbour region through the form of five layers. Based on these factors, the cultural, economic and ecological characteristics of the Inner Harbour are summarised. The paper mainly studies solutions to the problems of flooding, and presents flood control initiatives that can prevent waterlogging in the Inner Harbour, so as to enhance and activate the old city waterfront.
Mathematical analysis of civil litigation and empirical research of corporate governance
Authors: Liu Junling , Formaneck Steven
Published: April 2022

In addition to reducing R&D investment and changing senior managers or corporate name, the significant uncertainty and reputation shock brought by civil litigation may also have a vital impact on corporate governance of the sued company. We use A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2011 to 2018 to empirically examine the impact of civil litigation on corporate governance and its mechanism. It is found that, civil litigation is negatively correlated with corporate governance, and financing liabilities (FL) play an intermediary role in the negative correlation. Furthermore, judicial local protectionism weakens the negative correlation between civil litigation and corporate governance. Finally we close with directions for future research.
Effects of conventional rehabilitative and aerobic training in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy
Authors: Zhang Guangyu , Tang Mingwei , Zhang Xiao , Zhou Shuang , Wu Chanyuan , Zhao Jiuliang , Xu Dong , Wang Qian , Li Mengtao , Chen Lixia , Zeng Xiaofeng
Published: April 2022

Objective

To investigate the efficacy of conventional rehabilitation alone and conventional rehabilitation combined with aerobic training on muscle strength and function, health condition, and quality of life for patients with stable idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).

Methods

This is a historical retrospective cohort study, in which the medical records of patients with IIM, who received the combination of conventional rehabilitative therapy and aerobic training (combined training group [CTG]), from February 2015 to December 2017 were reviewed. Patients with IIM who received conventional therapy alone were matched based on their age, gender, and disease activity as the control group (CG). Scores obtained on manual muscle testing of eight designated muscles (MMT8) was the primary outcome measure, and scores on the myositis Functional Index-2 (FI-2), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and 36-item Short Form Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire (SF-36) at 12 weeks during training were the secondary outcomes.

Results

Fifty-six patients (28 in the CTG and 28 in the CG) were included in this analysis. Patients in both groups had improved MMT8, FI-2, HAQ, and SF-36 scores after 12 weeks of physical therapy. The CTG had a significantly higher score on the MMT8 and HAQ than the CG in the 12th week. The FI-2 scores were significantly higher in the CTG for the four items (P < 0.05) of hip flexion, step test, heel lift, and toe lift. SF-36 scores of the CTG were also higher than those of the CG for the five items (P < 0.05) of physical functioning, general health, vitality, social functioning, and mental health.

Conclusions

Physical exercise training including conventional rehabilitation and aerobic training improved muscle function, health condition, and quality of life. Conventional rehabilitative training combined with aerobic training achieved better improvement compared with conventional rehabilitation training alone.
On the Implementation of the WHO Guiding Principles on Human Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation
Authors: Bogomazova I. O.
Published: April 2022

Consideration of the Law of Ukraine «On the use of transplantation of anatomical materials to humans» № 2427-VIII through the prism of the Guidelines allows to demonstrate their genetic links, and thus opens the logic of the historical development of transplantation legislation in Ukraine.

A comparative analysis of the text of the Guiding Principles and the Law gives grounds to claim that a set of legal means was used for the implementation of the former by the legislator, namely various forms of transformation and reception. It should be noted that the implementation of the Guidelines has not been fully implemented due to the national legislator's rejection of the idea of emotional connection between donor and recipient as a basis that legitimizes medical intervention. The rest of the provisions of the Law provide a level of guarantees that meet, and in part exceed, that set out in the Guidelines.
Patient Funds and Their Legal Status Through the Prism of the Historical Experience of the Precarpathian Region (1919–1939)
Authors: Soroka O. Y.
Published: April 2022

Based on archival, published historical documents, as well as other available information sources, the peculiarities of the legal status of patient funds that had been operated in the Precarpathian region during the Polish period in 1919–1939 years (the ІІ Republic of Poland, in polish II Rzeczpospolita Polska), were discussed in light of a prototypical health insurance system.

It was found that modern domestic experience, although small, shows that the peculiarities of the legal status of patient funds, which operated in the Precrpathian region during the Polish period in 1919–1939 as a prototype of health insurance, have the potential to use positive historical experience and understanding of the problem of state regulation of medical activities.

It is established that the legal status of patient funds, ie their position in the legal reality, is reflected in the constituent documents, and, particularly, in the main of them – in the statute of these organizations. The analysis of these documents allows determining the features of the regulation of their activities in relation with society and the state, the set of rights and responsibilities of both the organization in general and its members in particular.

The vision of the present through a kind of prism of the past contributes to a better understanding of management processes and decisions, helps to understand the inner life of a certain historical period with all its manifestations and ideas, and helps to better understand modern state policy to build an effective system of health care in general and health insurance in particular.
The history of the Imams of the Caucasus and the Gunoy community in the collected works of the late 19th century
Authors: Tesaev Zelimkhan Adamovich
Published: April 2022

The article examines the content of two of the four narratives of the Gunoic collection of works of the late 19th century. The first work devoted to the activities of the three imams – Gazi-Muhammad, Gamzat-bek and Shamil – received the conditional name «History of the Imams»; the second is dedicated to the ancestor of the Chechen community Gunoy, his descendants and their movements in the region – «History of Gunoys». The material is written in Arabic graphics with elements of adjam. Compiled, according to the colophon, in 1316 AH (1898–1899) for Mazhir Ganukaev, a native of Gunoy. Before the direct translation of the texts of the essays, the author of the article carried out a brief analysis of the content of the sources, based on a comparison of their content with the data of documents or legends. The information in the «History of the Imams» was compared with the data from the reports of the tsarist officers – direct participants in the events described in the essay – or the commanders of the Caucasian army and confirmed by them, with the exception of the cases indicated in the author's analysis. The content of the «History of the Gunoy» is supported by references to other researchers, including pre-revolutionary (Iv. Popov). The publication of the translation and the study of the content of these narratives are being made for the first time. The sources reveal previously known historical information and supplement them with new details, acting as an additional source on the history of the North Caucasus and Chechnya, in particular.
Department of Semiconductor Physics of the Physics Department at Novosibirsk State University
Authors: Alperovich V. L. , Kvon Z. D. , Latyshev A. V.
Published: April 2022

The Department of Semiconductor Physics at the Faculty of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, trains specialists for research work in the field of condensed matter physics, semiconductor physics and the physics of low-dimensional systems and nanostructures. It also provides knowledge enabling its graduates to participate in developing semiconductor technologies, improving existing and creating new opto-, micro- and nanoelectronic devices. The article describes the history of the creation of the department, the main stages of the formation of training courses and work on the organization of students’ research practice in the laboratories of Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics (ISP), which is the basic Institute for the department. An overview of the training courses taught at the department for the preparation of bachelors and masters is given. It is told about the scientific and technological achievements of ISP, and about unique measuring, analytical and technological equipment available in the laboratories of the Institute, which is the basis for organizing research work of students at a high scientific and methodological level.
Department of Plasma Physics of the Physics Department at Novosibirsk State University
Authors: Annenkov V. V. , Arzhannikov A. V. , Bagryansky P. A. , Beklemishev A. D. , Davydenko V. I. , Sinitsky S. L. , Skovorodin D. I. , Sudnikov A. V. , Chernoshtanov I. S. , Fedorenkov E. A. , Shoshin A. A.
Published: April 2022

The article describes the system of scientific-engineering training at the Plasma Physics Department at the Physical Department, NSU with the active participation in this process of researchers from the plasma laboratories of the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The text gives an idea of plasma as a subject studied in this department, and then consistently reflects the following information: the history of the department, the special courses taught in the department, the subjects of undergraduate and graduate theses, the achievements of graduates of the department in the last decade. Taking into account the main topic of scientific research in the plasma laboratories of the BINP SB RAS, the text gives an overview of the work at the plasma facilities operating at the institute and outlines the prospect of creating a next-generation linear plasma trap (GDMT). Particular attention is paid to the prospect of using open magnetic systems for hot plasma confinement in relation to solving the problem of controlled thermonuclear fusion, since these systems should serve as the field of primary activity for future graduates of the Department of Plasma Physics.
Flow of Ethanol into a Medium with Varying Degrees of Rarefaction
Authors: Yaskin A. S. , Zarvin A. E. , Kalyada V. V. , Dubrovin K. A. , Khudozhitkov V. E.
Published: April 2022

Experimental results of observation of ethanol microjets flowing into a highly rarefied medium (vacuum) through a nozzle are presented. The investigation of the outflow process was carried out both horizontally and vertically in the direction of gravity, when the liquid was expelled from the source. The condition of keeping constant the residual background pressure in the vacuum chamber is much lower than the saturated vapour pressure of the working liquid at a given temperature of the blast. The possibility of simulation of complex processes of the flow of micro-liquids in a space with a given rarefied atmosphere on a compact vacuum gas-dynamic test bench is shown. It is found that the continuous efflux from a thin capillary or a hole of small diameter into a vacuum or a strongly rarefied gaseous medium differs significantly from the well-studied modes of efflux into a dense gaseous medium, as well as from the pulse modes of efflux into a vacuum. The paper describes the main features of the flow and the conditions of the instability emergence. It is shown that the long-term flow of a liquid microjet in a vacuum has a high degree of surface instability, with a large number of sudden changes in direction, structure and observed density. An explanation for the causes of microjet failure, caused mainly by a combination of capillary instability and intense evaporation of superheated liquid from the surface of the jet, is proposed. The formation of surface gas caverns causing explosive collapse of the microjet with ejection of vapor-liquid droplets is established.
Narrativas distantes
Authors: Zaluski Jorge Luiz
Published: April 2022

O semanário “Esquema Oeste”, foi um dos principais meios de comunicação durante as décadas de 1970 e 1980 em Guarapuava-PR, e possui grande relevância para a pesquisa histórica. Diante das possibilidades, a coluna social “Esquema Social”, publicada no impresso desde 1977, permite compreender parte das relações socioculturais da cidade. No que corresponde às infâncias, diante da percepção de crescente publicação na coluna sobre o público infantil, despertou o interesse em investigar quais as narrativas construídas sobre esse público. Diante disso, este texto tem como objetivo refletir sobre as narrativas sobre a infância apresentadas no impresso, entre os anos de 1979-1984, com a finalidade de perceber como as diferenças de classe, gênero, idade e raça, foram reforçadas pelo periódico e/ou sobressaíram como marcadores que contribuíram para sua inserção na impressa. . Para isso, utilizo das observações teóricas sobre interseccionalidade, apontadas por Kimberlé Crenshaw, e sobre fotojornalismo, de Charles Monteiro. A análise permitiu compreender parte da construção da coluna social, das relações sociais da cidade e das compreensões sobre a(s) infância(s) imersas na construção das notícias.
A Data-Science Approach to Predict the Heat Capacity of Nanoporous Materials
Authors: Moosavi Seyed Mohamad , Novotny Balázs Álmos , Ongari Daniele , Moubarak Elias , Asgari Mehrdad , Kadioglu Özge , Charalambous Charithea , Guerrero Andres , Farmahini Amir H. , Sarkisov Lev , Garcia Susana , Noé Frank , Smit Berend
Published: April 2022

The heat capacity of a material is a fundamental property that is of significant practical importance. For example, in a carbon capture process, the heat required to regenerate a solid sorbent is directly related to the heat capacity of the material. However, for most materials suitable for carbon capture applications the heat capacity is not known, and thus the standard procedure is to assume the same value for all materials. In this work, we developed a machine-learning approach to accurately predict the heat capacity of these materials, i.e., zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent-organic frameworks. The accuracy of our prediction is confirmed with novel experimental data. Finally, for a temperature swing adsorption process that captures carbon from the flue gas of a coal-fired power plant, we show that for some materials the heat requirement is reduced by as much as a factor of two using the correct heat capacity.
A Mesoionic Carbene-Pyridine Bidentate Ligand Improves Stability in Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction by a Molecular Manganese Catalyst
Authors: Scherpf Thorsten , Carr Cody , Donnelley Laurie , Dubrawski Zachary , Piers Warren , Gelfand Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Tricarbonyl group 7 complexes have a longstanding history as efficacious CO2 electroreduction catalysts. Typically, these complexes feature an auxiliary 2,2-bipyridine ligand which assists in redox steps by delocalizing electron density into the ligand-orbitals. While this feature lends to accessible redox potential for CO2 electroreduction, it also presents challenges for electrocatalysis with manganese, since the electron density is removed from metal-ligand bonding orbitals. The results presented here thus introduce mesoionic carbene (MIC) as a new potent ligand platform to promote Mn-based electrocatalysis. The strong σ-donation of the N,C-bidentate MIC is shown to help centralize electron density on the Mn-center while also maintaining relevant redox potentials for CO2 electroreduction. Mechanistic investigation supports catalytic turnover at two operative potentials separated by 400 mV. In the low overpotential regime, Mn(0) species catalyze CO2 to CO and CO32- with a maximum rate of 7 ± 5 s-1 and is stable for up to 30.7 h. At higher overpotential, “Mn(-1)” catalyzes CO2 to CO and H2O with faster turnovers of 200 ± 100 s-1 with the trade-off of being less stable at 6.7 h. The relative stability of Mn-complexes bearing MIC and 4-4’-diterbutyl-2,2’-bipyridine was compared by evaluating under the same electrolysis conditions, and therefore elucidated that the MIC promotes longevity for CO evolution through-out a 5 h period.
Role of Water Structure in Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Authors: Tharangattu Narayanan Narayanan , Guha Anku , Sahoo Mihir , Alam Khorsed , D Krishna Rao , Sen Prasenjit
Published: April 2022

A universal activity descriptor for catalytic alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was unavailable, though metal-hydrogen binding energy can be considered as a good such descriptor in acidic medium. Herein, with the help of experimental and first principles density functional theory (DFT) based studies, we have shown that structural changes in the water coordination in electrolytes having high alkalinity can be a possible reason for the reduced catalytic activity of platinum (Pt) in high pH. Studies with polycrystalline Pt electrodes indicate that electrocatalytic HER activity reduces in terms of high overpotential required, high Tafel slope, and high charge transfer resistances in concentrated aqueous alkaline electrolytes (say 6M KOH) in comparison to that in low alkaline electrolytes (say 0.1M KOH), irrespective of the counter cations (Na+, K+ or Rb+) present. The changes in the water structure of bulk electrolytes with concentration are established using Raman, infrared, and 1H NMR based spectroscopic analyses. The changes in the interfacial water structure are also studied using in situ Raman scattering experiments where the changes in the coordination of water from tetrahedral to trihedral to free water are observed as the potential goes more cathodic towards HER. DFT based studies show enhanced water dissociation energy required for tetrahedrally coordinated water followed by trihedral, and then free water having the least dissociation energy for the Volmer process. But the water structure seems to be unaffected in anodic potentials. Hence the study paves new ways in studying the HER process in terms of the water structure near the electrode-electrolyte interface.
Thioester Mediated Biocatalytic Amide Bond Synthesis with In Situ Thiol Recycling
Authors: Schnepel Christian , Rodriguez-Perez Laura , Yu Yuqi , Angelastro Antonio , Heath Rachel S. , Lubberink Max , Falcioni Francesco , Mulholland Keith , Hayes Martin A. , Turner Nicholas J. , Flitsch Sabine L.
Published: April 2022

The conversion of carboxylic acids to thioesters is a key step in the biosynthesis of natural products, resulting in activation of the acyl groups for subsequent reactions, e.g. acylation of nucleophiles including carbon-carbon bond formation. For example, thioesters of Coenzyme A (CoA-SH; e.g. acetyl-S-CoA) are intermediates in many metabolic pathways, and are increasingly recognised as important cofactors for epigenetic post-translational modifications, such as N-, O- and S-acylations of proteins. However, the limited availability of a broad range of structurally diverse thioesters has limited their wider exploitation in biochemistry, cell biology and biotechnology. Furthermore, the high cost of CoA-SH impairs its use in stoichiometric quantities. To address these challenges we show that the adenylation (A-) domain of the carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) from Segniliparus rugosus (CARsr-A) can function as a broad spectrum acyl-S-CoA synthetase, to generate acyl-S-CoA intermediates from a wide range of carboxylic acids. In addition, CARsr-A was able to generate thioesters from structurally simpler thiols such as pantetheine. The resulting thioesters were then used as substrates for acyltransferases to synthesise a wide range of amides, including the more difficult to prepare, but pharmaceutically relevant aryl amides. Importantly, CoA-SH is recycled during the reaction and can be used in sub-stoichiometric quantities. This approach has also been applied to acylate a histone peptide H4-20 with a range of carboxylic acids, including non-natural chemical labels, by employing a lysine acetyltransferase (HATp300). Overall, this combination of a broad spectrum biocatalyst for thioester synthesis, together with in-situ CoA-SH recycling, provides a generic platform for thioester-dependent cell-free synthesis, with potential applications beyond amide bond formation.
Hydrogen effect on the mechanisms of mucosal immunity in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Svitich Oxana A. , Baranova Irina A. , Kryukova Nadezhda O. , Poddubikov Alexander V. , Vinnitskaya Alexandra B. , Abramova Natalia D. , Zakharova Valeria V. , Shogenova Ludmila V. , Kostinov Mikhail P. , Chuchalin Alexander G.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To study the inhalation of an active form of hydrogen effect to mucosal and system immunity in a rehabilitation program for health workers.
Materials and methods. The study involved patients that survived COVID-19 after therapy with inhaled hydrogen for 90 minutes (n=30), and a control group of patients treated according to standard protocol for managing patients that survived COVID-19 during the rehabilitation period (n=30). Biomaterial was carried out in 2 stages: on the first day of the study, before the accepted therapy and on the 10th day of the study. The indicators of humoral and cellular immunity were studied. The levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and IgG were investigated using the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Phagocytosis was assessed on a Beckman Coulter FC-500 flow cytometer. Statistical data processing was carried out in the GraphPad Prism 7.00 software using nonparametric methods.
Results. It was shown that the phagocytic index (PI) of monocytes in nasal scrapings after inhaled hydrogen treatment did not significantly change relative to the first day of treatment and control, while the PI of granulocytes in nasal scrapings significantly increased relative to the first day by 2.5 times (p=0.000189), as well as relative to the control by 1.1 times (p=0.047410). PI of monocytes in pharyngeal scrapings showed a significant increase relative to the first day of treatment by 2.8 times (p=0.041103), however, did not differ relative to the control. PI of granulocytes of pharyngeal scraping did not differ significantly relative to the first day and control. PI of granulocytes and blood monocytes of the studied group did not change significantly. PI of granulocytes and monocytes of peripheral blood relative to control during therapy did not change. The sIgA level in nasal scrapings significantly increased by 2.9 times, while in pharyngeal scrapings the level of sIgA significantly decreased by 2 times.
Сonclusion. We have shown an increase in granulocytes PI in the nasal cavity and oral monocytes, as well as in the level of sIgA in the nasal cavity during therapy with active hydrogen. The data obtained indicate the effectiveness of therapy, which can be used both in the treatment of COVID-19, and in post-COVID syndrome as an additional therapy. The absence of changes in blood parameters, as well as individual links in nasal and pharyngeal scrapings, requires further study to develop ways to overcome treatment tolerance.
Predictors of dysfunction of the small respiratory tract in patients with asthma
Authors: Yurenko Alla V. , Antonyuk Marina V. , Mineeva Elena E. , Gvozdenko Tatyana A.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To identify predictors of development of small respiratory tract (SRT) dysfunction in patients with asthma of mild severity, partially controlled course.
Materials and methods. One hundred and fourteen patients with asthma of mild severity, partially controlled course, were examined. The control group consisted of 27 healthy volunteers. The main risk factors for the development of AD were revealed by questioning in all patients, an ACQ-5 test was used to determine the level of disease control, functional research was carried out using spirography and bodyplethysmography methods. To assess the relative risk, the odds ratio calculation was used.
Results. 55% of all examined patients with asthma indicated 3 or more risk factors. Bronchial obstruction occurred in 26.3% of cases. According to the functional examination, patients are divided into 2 groups: 94 patients without dysfunction of the SRT and 20 patients with dysfunction of the SRT (17.5% of cases). The significance of differences in the development of dysfunction of the SRT depending on the impact of the risk factor between groups of patients was assessed. Among the traditional risk factors for asthma, the most negatively affecting the development of dysfunction of the SRT in patients were identified. It has been established that the duration of asthma disease for more than 5 years, the symptoms of bronchial obstruction diagnosed in patients increase the risk of dysfunction of the SRT by 4.95 and 4.83 times, respectively, the presence of extrapulmonary allergic diseases, namely allergic rhinitis by 4.31 times, urticaria 3.58 times.
Conclusion. It has been shown that the most significant factors affecting the occurrence of dysfunction of the SRT in patients with asthma of mild severity are the duration of asthma for more than 5 years, the presence of extrapulmonary allergic diseases in patients (allergic rhinitis and urticaria) and bronchial obstruction in patients.
Risk of community acquired pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus: Review
Authors: Ignatova Galina L. , Blinova Elena V. , Struch Svetlana V. , Syrochkina Maria A.
Published: April 2022

The article for the first time provides a relatively comprehensive overview of the main aspects of the epidemiology and clinical features of infectious pathology, i.e., community-acquired pneumonia, as comorbid and aggravating conditions in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors and pathogenetic patterns of infectious processes development, as well as the special etiological role of pneumococcal infection in this group of patients, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of and approaches to the primary prevention of vaccine-preventable infections as the causes of the development of community-acquired pneumonia and invasive diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus with a review of international studies, guidelines, and local experience data in pneumococcal infection immunization.
Geriatric syndrome of falls in comorbid patients: paradox of normotension in the elderly
Authors: Tkacheva Olga N. , Runikhina Nadezda K. , Merkusheva Liudmila I. , Luzina Alexandra V. , Sharashkina Natalia V. , Ostapenko Valentina S. , Lysenkov Sergei N.
Published: April 2022

Background. Falls as geriatric syndrome in elderly age are associated with high health risks, including serious injury, prolonged hospital stays, and medical and follow-up costs. The prevalence of falls in comorbid elderly patients without hypertension remains uncertain.
Aim. To study the incidence of falls in the comorbid elderly with or without hypertension.
Materials and methods. The study included 5240 outpatients aged 60 and over with three or more chronic diseases treated at Moscow polyclinics with verified diagnoses according to medical records in 20152018. The exclusion criteria were acute illness, exacerbation of chronic diseases, disease decompensation, severe sensory impairment and dementia. Student's t-criterion was used to compare quantitative variables between groups and Fisher's exact test was used to compare binary variables.
Results. The age of study participants was 71.0 0.1 years, 72.4% women. The vast majority of patients (99.3%, n=5202) has been diagnosed with arterial hypertension or essential hypertension, and 0.7% of patients (n=38) had no such diagnoses. The incidence of falls in hypertensive patients was 16.4% (n=857), while 42.1% (n=16) of patients without hypertension reported falls (p=0.00018; odds ratio 3.69; 95% confidence interval 1.807.38).
Conclusion. The paradox of the greater frequency of falls in the group of elderly patients who experienced no blood pressure elevation episodes compared with hypertensive patients has not been fully understood yet and can indicate that the risk of falls in patients who experienced no blood pressure elevation is higher; however, further research is required.
Synthesis and Characterization of CSNP-SiO₂ nanocomposite by using antibacterial activity
Authors: Rajaduraipandian Subramanian  , Amutha Eswaran  , Gandhimathi Sivasubramanian  , Annadurai Gurusamy
Published: April 2022

Because of its promising biological achievements, the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticle-based products, and their applications has piqued the interest of many researchers. Inorganic nanomaterials, on the other hand, are well known to be effective antimicrobial agents. Metal nanoparticles, such as Silicon dioxide, are particularly important among the various nanoparticles due to their low cost and ease of availability. Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from chitin, a natural polysaccharide that follows cellulose as the second most abundant polysaccharide. The Precipitation Method was used to create a Chitosan Nanoparticle with SiO2 Nanocomposite (CSNP - SiO2 nanocomposite). TGA, XRD, SEM, FT-IR, PSA, UV, and FL were used to characterize the Chitosan Nanoparticle with SiO2 Nanocomposite. The findings showed that bio-nanocomposites have a greater antibacterial effect due to the combined effect of CS and nanoparticles (NPs). Chitosan/SiO2 nanocomposites were tested for antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. The goal was to assess their physical, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as their potential for biomedical applications.
Awareness and current knowledge of women on breast cancer in Hyderabad, Telangana State
Authors: Shilpa Ch.  , Mahesh Kumar V. P.  , Madhukar A.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the present study is to accomplish research objectives that are to assess the effectiveness of an awareness program on knowledge and attitude regarding breast cancer and screening technique among women. 105 women were selected living in the Hyderabad district, Telangana state, selected for the study by Simple random sampling technique between 13-70 years. Appropriate data collection is the most important and central part of any investigation, which provides necessary data for the study. We made a standard Structured knowledge questionnaire and attitudes scale containing 57 questions to assess women knowledge and attitude regarding breast cancer. The most significant and important part of any exploration is gathering significant data, which will give the information expected to respond to the inquiries brought up in the survey. We made a standard Structured information Questionnaire, and a disposition like a scale containing 57 inquiries was utilized to evaluate the information and demeanor of women with respect  to malignant breast growth. We designed and developed an Informational booklet on knowledge and attitude regarding breast cancer and screening technique after pre-test knowledge and lacking attitude areas like Objectives, Breast Structure, Types of Cancer and Causes of Breast Cancer, Risk factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention and Screening of breast cancer, Clinical Breast Examination, Mammography and Treatment. After data collection, analysis was done to determine the association between selected variables, computing co-efficient of correlation to find the relation between knowledge scores and attitude scores.
Phylogenetic profiling resolves early emergence of PRC2 and illuminates its functional core
Authors: Sharaf Abdoallah , Vijayanathan Mallika , Oborník Miroslav , Mozgová Iva
Published: April 2022

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is involved in maintaining transcriptionally silent chromatin states through methylating lysine 27 of histone H3 by the catalytic subunit enhancer of zeste [E(z)]. Here, we report the diversity of PRC2 core subunit proteins in different eukaryotic supergroups with emphasis on the early-diverged lineages and explore the molecular evolution of PRC2 subunits by phylogenetics. For the first time, we identify the putative ortholog of E(z) in Discoba, a lineage hypothetically proximal to the eukaryotic root, strongly supporting emergence of PRC2 before the diversification of eukaryotes. Analyzing 283 species, we robustly detect a common presence of E(z) and ESC, indicating a conserved functional core. Full-length Su(z)12 orthologs were identified in some lineages and species only, indicating, nonexclusively, high divergence of VEFS-Box–containing Su(z)12-like proteins, functional convergence of sequence-unrelated proteins, or Su(z)12 dispensability. Our results trace E(z) evolution within the SET-domain protein family, proposing a substrate specificity shift during E(z) evolution based on SET-domain and H3 histone interaction prediction.
Fair Warning
Authors: Wylie Braden Michael
Published: April 2022

The present text explores the persistently popular 20thcentury narrative regarding the heroic rescue of 7,742 (97%) Danish Jews from deportation by German Nazis to death camps during WWII. This text challenges the narrative, uncovering certain circumstances and issues that suggest Nazi Germany allowed the Jews to escape across the Oresund River in light of various political and economic conditions. This text compiles new research and first-hand accounts of events that suggest the escape of the Jews from Denmark should be understood as an equally balanced result evolving from certain action of the Danes and inaction of Nazi officials, even those part of Adolf Hitler’s inner circle.
Study on Volatile Compounds of Gelatine and The Maillard Reaction Products from Different Species Using SPME-GCMS
Authors: Ismarti Ismarti , Handoko Dody Dwi , Triyana Kuwat , Salleh Hamzah M. , Fadzillah Nurrulhidayah A. , Nordin Noor Faizul Hadry
Published: April 2022

Food fraud and adulteration are the global issues, currently. One important issue is about gelatine since it comes from many sources of animals. Therefore, analytical method for gelatine must be developed and used for the authentication. This study was conducted to investigate the Volatile Compounds (VCs) of gelatine and the Maillard Reaction Products (MRPs) which are responsible to their aroma. Three gelatine standards from bovine, fish and porcine bought from Sigma Aldrich were used. A high reactivity reducing sugar namely xylose was used in the Maillard Reaction (MR). A Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (SPME-GC-MS) used to evaluate the VCs in the samples. The VCs were identified by comparing the mass spectra of the compounds with database of NIST library. Moreover, retention time using the n-Alkane index were compared with literature data. There were 67 VCs have been identified. Among them, furfural, acetic acid, nonanone, dimethyl disulphide and decanone were considered as the important volatiles in gelatine due to its abundance. In the MRPs, furfural, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 1-(2-furanyl)- ethanone, acetic acid and 2,2’-bifuran were predominant. Additionally, heptanol, octanal, nonanal, nonanone, dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl trisulphide could be considered as the important compounds due to its low odour threshold value. The compounds had a direct influence on the overall aroma of samples and could be potential to use in gelatine differentiation.
The Synthesis of CuO/Polystyrene Nanocomposite Superhydrophobic Layer using The Spin Coating Method
Authors: Ratnawulan Ratnawulan , Fauzi Fauzi , Sarimai Sarimai
Published: April 2022

This paper shows the synthesis of CuO/Polystyrene(PS) nanocomposite superhydrophobic layer using the spin coating method. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of calcination temperature on the contact angle, morphology, and energy gap of the CuO/PS nanocomposite thin layer. Preparation of copper powder into copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using the method of High Energy 3 Dimensional Milling (HEM-3D) for 20 hours. The calcination temperature variations used were 100◦C , 150◦C, 180◦C, 200◦C, and 300◦C. In this study, sample analysis was performed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometry. The contact angle was determined using the sessile drop method. The findings indicate that the calcination temperature affects the contact angle of the nanocomposite thin films the highest contact angle was obtained at 162◦ at a temperature of 200◦C. The results of SEM analysis obtained that at a temperature of 200◦C, the particle size was 62.91 nm and the particles were evenly distributed in the composite layer. The energy gap at 200◦C is 2.03 eV. We found that CuO/PS synthesized at a temperature of 200◦C was superhydrophobic.
Chaos Theory of 0-1 Test and Logistic Map in New Confirmed COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Yusof Norliza Muhamad , Sapini Muhamad Luqman , Az’hari Lidiya Irdeena , Roslee Nor Akma Hanis , Rahmat Siti Noor Afiqah , Salleh Siti Hidayah Muhad
Published: April 2022

This study aims to forecast the new number of positive cases of COVID-19 using the logistic map, where the presence of chaos is determined using the 0-1 Test. There are a small number of investigations on chaos utilizing the 0-1 Test and logistic map in the literature. This study provides a straightforward technique of forecasting and a current way of determining chaos. Information on new confirmed COVID-19 cases and population of ten countries involving China, Vietnam, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, New Zealand, India, USA, Brazil, and Mexico for six months from January 20 to June 15, 2020, are selected as samples. The logistic map runs through three stages: data training, forecasting, and validation using the Mean Absolute Error method (MAE). The data training procedure is critical for determining the best growth rate, r, for the logistic map. In chaotic investigations of the 0-1 Test, there appears to be an inverse expectation toward a logistic map. The 0-1 Test in the data of new confirmed COVID-19 cases in all the selected countries reveals the presence of non-chaotic. This contrasts with the existence of chaos in the logistic map forecasts for the USA, Brazil, and Mexico. Regardless, the logistic map was found to be capable of forecasting new COVID-19 positive cases with low error instances. Beginning in the middle of May 2020, new COVID-19 positive cases are forecasted to be on the rise in the USA, Brazil, and Mexico.
Insecticidal Activity, Toxicity, Resistance and Metabolism of Pyrethroids: a Review
Authors: Singh Ashutosh , Singh Abhishek , Singh Preeti , Chakravarty Archana , Singh Akhilesh , Singh Priti , Mishra Mahendra Kumar , Singh Vivek , Srivastava Atul Kumar , Aggarwal Himanshu , Sagadevan Suresh
Published: April 2022

Pyrethroids are synthetic or man-made versions of natural pyrethrins discovered in the flowers of a plant species of the Compositae family called "Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium". The plant was transported into Europe and America after it was discovered in the Near East. Commercial insecticides such as pyrethrin and synthetic pyrethroid are available. These are used to control agricultural pests as well as non-agricultural insects. They are also commercially used in personal care items such as shampoo and as a scent in insect repellent to boost efficacy and persistence in the environment, these insecticides are frequently combined with additional chemicals in diverse formulations, known as synergists. Nerve toxins, known as pyrethroids, although their chemical mechanism of action is unknown. Pyrethroids are neurotoxins, which interfere with the messages sent along nerves by maintaining sodium and chloride channels in an open position. This review presents perspectives, commercial uses and other useful characteristics features of pyrethroids based on human benefits and environmental friendly.
The Derivation and Characterisation of Bovine Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors:   , Waldron Nicole
Published: April 2022

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of preimplantation embryos. ES cells exhibit two common characteristics: the ability to differentiate into all three germ layers, and the ability to self-renew. Scientists first discovered how to derive embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos 40 years ago, in 1981. Almost 20 years later, in 1998, embryonic stem cells were first isolated from humans. Mouse and human embryonic stem cells have been used in a vast array of important research, including regenerative medicine and cancer research. However, the successful isolation and subsequent culture of bovine embryonic cells has proven more difficult. For a long time, embryonic stem-like cells cultured from bovine embryos showed poor derivation efficiencies, limited proliferation, and progressive loss of pluripotency markers. Following decades of attempts, embryonic stem cells were derived from cattle and maintained in a pluripotent state for the first time in 2018. This thesis presents an exploration into the methods used to derive bovine embryonic stem cells, and the culture conditions needed to sustain their self-renewal in a pluripotent state. Outgrowths of the ICM were cultured in conditions which promoted proliferation, and were able to be sustained for upwards of 25 days. Characterisation of these cells using immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR analysis showed expression of pluripotency related genes, however this expression was limited and appeared to reduce with passaging. The results of this research suggest that bovine ES cells are able to be maintained in similar culture conditions to porcine expanded potential stem cells, however pluripotency is only able to be maintained for a limited number of passages. Consequently, further research is needed in order to fully understand the regulatory mechanisms surrounding pluripotency states in bovine species.
ASSESSMENT OF ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS COMPOSITION DEPENDING ON THE DEGREE OF MORBID OBESITY IN PATIENTS IN BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: N.G. Ershov , L.N. Aleksandrova
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The work is devoted to the study of arterial blood gas parameters and comparison of capnographic determination of carbon dioxide at the end of exhalation (EtCO2) and the real pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (paCO2) depending on the degree of morbid obesity in patients who were to undergo surgical bariatric interventions in 2012-2021. The study included 61 patients, whose age ranged from 22 to 69 years, body mass index from 40 to 91 kg/m2. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of morbid obesity: group 1 - 20 patients with body mass index ≥ 40 (grade 3); group 2 - 25 patients with body mass index ≥ 50 (grade 4); group 3 - 16 patients with body mass index ≥ 60 (grade 5). Based on the data obtained, it was found that the state of the arterial blood gas composition indicates the presence of respiratory function disorders in patients with morbid obesity, which significantly reduce the compensatory capabilities of the body. Arterial hemoglobin saturation with oxygen (SaO2) tended to decrease, reaching a minimum in patients of the 1st group. The studied parameters of the arterial blood gas composition in patients of group 1 tended to worsen, and in patients of groups 2 and 3 they significantly worsened with an increase in the degree of morbid obesity. The maximum disruption of arterial blood gases was found in patients with a body mass index ≥ 60. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of exhalation (EtCO2) in patients with morbid obesity does not correspond to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (paCO2).
CLINICAL CASES OF CONGENITAL TUBERCULOSIS IN THE PERM REGION
Authors: A.A. Shurygin , E.V. Furina , A.A. Bykova
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Congenital tuberculosis is extremely rare, not a sufficiently carefully collected anamnesis, the presence of respiratory and intoxication complaints, contraindications to preventive X-ray examination, lack of registration at the dispensary observation of some pregnant women prevent the detection of the disease. Timely tuberculosis in a pregnant woman and her treatment can prevent not only infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis of the fetus, but also the disease. The purpose of this study was to present clinical cases of congenital tuberculosis in the Perm Region for 25 years. During this period of time, two cases of congenital tuberculosis in children with different forms of outcome were registered. A case of congenital miliary pulmonary tuberculosis with bacterial excretion realized already 1 month after the birth of a child from a mother with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis and proceeding as a nonspecific respiratory disease. And a case of late-diagnosed congenital tuberculosis of internal organs and peripheral lymph nodes born from a tuberculosis patient and an HIV-infected mother.
The following were studied: medical documentation of these patients, anamnesis of the disease, methods of X-ray, laboratory and clinical diagnostics, observation results that allowed reflecting the features of the clinical course of tuberculosis.
Timely initiated chemotherapy, in the case of congenital miliary pulmonary tuberculosis with bacterial excretion, made it possible to achieve a clinical cure with an outcome of complete resorption without residual changes.
Clinical observation of congenital tuberculosis of internal organs and peripheral lymph nodes in the patient demonstrated a case of late detection of the disease, however, thanks to the course of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis in non-vaccinated BCG immediately after birth, prevented the further development of severe tuberculosis.
Proper organization of timely prevention, detection and treatment of congenital tuberculosis with its correction at all stages allows to achieve a clinical cure with small residual changes.