bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Da Diversidade às Diferenças: Proposta e Reflexões a Partir de um Estágio-Docência na Graduação em Administração
Authors: Caproni Neto Henrique Luiz
Published: August 2017

Buscamos trazer uma proposta para discussão sobre diversidade e diferenças nas organizações e no mundo do trabalho e reflexões a partir da experiência de um estágio docência realizado por um mestrando em uma Universidade Federal localizada no Sudeste do Brasil. Abordamos as perspectivas da diversidade e das diferenças nas organizações, apoiando-nos em autores organizacionais e da teoria social; tratamos este trabalho em uma vertente qualitativa; e analisamos algumas situações e reflexões que ocorreram no desenrolar da disciplina; por fim, apresentamos nossas considerações. A importância deste trabalho está associada a uma visão política em prol da cidadania, da não discriminação, bem como de direitos humanos. Consideramos relevante que este tipo de problematização seja abordado diretamente nos cursos de graduação em administração de modo a permitir a ressignificação e contestação no campo organizacional e acadêmico.
Tissue glycomics distinguish tumour sites in women with advanced serous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Anugraham Merrina , Jacob Francis , Everest‐Dass Arun V. , Schoetzau Andreas , Nixdorf Sheri , Hacker Neville F. , Fink Daniel , Heinzelmann‐Schwarz Viola , Packer Nicolle H.
Published: August 2017

In the era of precision medicine, the tailoring of cancer treatment is increasingly important as we transition from organ‐based diagnosis towards a more comprehensive and patient‐centric molecular diagnosis. This is particularly the case for high‐grade serous adenocarcinomas of the ovary and peritoneum, which are commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, and collectively treated and managed similarly. We characterized the N‐ and O‐glycome of serous ovarian (OC) and peritoneal cancer (PC) tissues using PGC‐LC‐ESI‐IT‐MS/MS profiling and validated the discriminatory glycans and their corresponding glyco‐gene expression levels using cell lines and transcriptomic data from 232 patients. Overall, the N‐ and O‐glycan repertoires of both cancer types were found to comprise mostly of α2,6‐sialylated glycan structures, with the majority of N‐glycans displaying the biantennary mono‐ and disialylation as well as bisecting‐type biantennary glycans. The MS profiling by PGC‐LC also revealed several glycan structural isomers that corresponded to LacdiNAc‐type (GalNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc) motifs that were unique to the serous ovarian cancers and that correlated with elevated gene expression of B4GALNT3 and B4GALNT4 in patients with serous cancer. Statistical evaluation of the discriminatory glycans also revealed 13 N‐ and 3 O‐glycans (P < 0.05) that significantly discriminated tumour‐sampling sites, with LacdiNAc‐type N‐glycans (m/z 1205.02− and m/z 1059.42−) being associated with ovarian‐derived cancer tissue and bisecting GlcNAc‐type (m/z 994.92−) and branched N‐glycans (m/z 1294.02− and m/z 1148.42−) upregulated at the metastatic sites. Hence, we demonstrate for the first time that OC and PC display distinct molecular signatures at both their glycomic and transcriptomic levels. These signatures may have potential utility for the development of accurate diagnosis and personalized treatments.
The East Asian Atmospheric Water Cycle and Monsoon Circulation in the Met Office Unified Model
Authors: Rodríguez José M. , Milton Sean F. , Marzin Charline
Published: August 2017

In this study the low‐level monsoon circulation and observed sources of moisture responsible for the maintenance and seasonal evolution of the East Asian monsoon are examined, studying the detailed water budget components. These observational estimates are contrasted with the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) climate simulation performance in capturing the circulation and water cycle at a variety of model horizontal resolutions and in fully coupled ocean‐atmosphere simulations. We study the role of large‐scale circulation in determining the hydrological cycle by analyzing key systematic errors in the model simulations. MetUM climate simulations exhibit robust circulation errors, including a weakening of the summer west Pacific Subtropical High, which leads to an underestimation of the southwesterly monsoon flow over the region. Precipitation and implied diabatic heating biases in the South Asian monsoon and Maritime Continent region are shown, via nudging sensitivity experiments, to have an impact on the East Asian monsoon circulation. By inference, the improvement of these tropical biases with increased model horizontal resolution is hypothesized to be a factor in improvements seen over East Asia with increased resolution. Results from the annual cycle of the hydrological budget components in five domains show a good agreement between MetUM simulations and ERA‐Interim reanalysis in northern and Tibetan domains. In simulations, the contribution from moisture convergence is larger than in reanalysis, and they display less precipitation recycling over land. The errors are closely linked to monsoon circulation biases.
Significant lateral dip changes may have limited the scale of the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake
Authors: Zhang Yong , Wang Rongjiang , Walter Thomas R. , Feng Wanpeng , Chen Yongshun , Huang Qinghua
Published: August 2017

The 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake has drawn interest due to its complex fault geometry. Both geodetic and geologic studies have focused on the dip variations. In this study we invert the coseismic geodetic data for the 2‐D dip variations of the earthquake. The best fit model confirms that the dip varies with depth, and suggests that there is a significant lateral dip anomaly along strike. The depth‐dependent dip variation suggests that the earthquake ruptured a ramp‐flat fault. The shallow ramp may have prevented the rupture breaking through the surface. In addition, a lateral large‐dip anomaly is found in the northeastern corner of the slip area, which supports the previous findings of inferred interseismic fault coupling, coseismic high‐frequency radiations, and the aftershock mechanisms. This lateral dip anomaly is likely associated with local tearing within the Indian slab. It may have blocked the east‐southeastward rupture propagations of the Gorkha earthquake, implying important controls on the earthquake scale and the spatial limits of ruptures.
Dynamics of the inner core wobble under mantle‐inner core gravitational interactions
Authors: Chao Benjamin F.
Published: August 2017

We investigate the dynamics of the inner core wobble (ICW), the Euler‐Liouville wobbling motion of the Earth's solid inner core, under the mantle‐inner core gravitational (MICG) torques within the Earth. Chao (2016) derived the full 3‐D equation of motion for the MICG dynamics in terms of the spherical‐harmonic multipoles of mass density and focused on the axial component for inner core's torsional libration. Here aiming for the ICW, we deduce the 2‐D equatorial component of the MICG torque owing to the oblateness of the mantle and the inner core. The period of the free Eulerian wobble of a hypothetical isolated rigid inner core would be a prograde +414 days. The action of the added MICG equatorial torque is found to be (negatively) strong enough to render the wobbling motion to become retrograde (with a negative frequency), which is further but slightly modified by the elastic yielding feedback of the inner core. Imposing yet further the passive effect of the hydrostatic pressure due to the fluid outer core greatly lengthens the natural period to become decadal. The final estimate of the ICW natural period in accordance with the (seismological) PREM Earth model is a retrograde PICW ≈ −15.6 years, in contrast to a prograde +6.6 years supposed in the literature. The corresponding spring constant (per radian of wobble) is 5.5 × 1022 N m. Our results instigate likely identification of the ICW with decadal wobbles observed in the Earth's polar motion.
Determination of Desert Soil Apparent Thermal Diffusivity Using a Conduction‐Convection Algorithm
Authors: Gao Zhiqiu , Tong Bing , Horton Robert , Mamtimin Ali , Li Yubin , Wang Linlin
Published: August 2017

Surface soil temperatures impact land‐atmosphere interactions in desert environments. Soil apparent thermal diffusivity (k) is a crucial physical parameter affecting soil temperature. Previous studies using the conduction‐convection algorithm reported k values of desert soils for only a few days. The main objective of this study is to determine the daily and monthly variations of desert k for a range of water contents over a 10 month period. The k values were estimated with a conduction‐convection algorithm using soil temperature measured at the 0.00 m and 0.20 m depths from 1 January to 11 October 2011 at the Tazhong station in the Taklimakan desert of China. Generally, the daily values of k ranged from 1.46  ×  10−7m2  s−1 to 5.88  × 10−7m2  s−1, and the 10 month average k value was 2.5(±0.8)  ×  10−7m2  s−1 for the 0.00 m to 0.20 m soil layer. The k values varied significantly with soil water content. The apparent convection parameter (W), which is the sum of the vertical gradient of k and apparent water flux density, was also determined. Comparison of the magnitudes of W and k gradients indicated that little water movement occurred during the dry months, some water infiltrated downward during the wet months, and some water moved upwards in response to evaporation following the wet months. These findings confirmed that the conduction‐convection algorithm described the general pattern of soil water movement. The presented daily and monthly values of k can be used as soil parameters when modeling land‐atmosphere interactions in the Taklimakan desert.
Rb‐independent E2F3 promotes cell proliferation and alters expression of genes involved in metabolism and inflammation
Authors: Liao Yang , Du Wei
Published: August 2017

E2F transcription factors are key targets of the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor. Despite extensive studies, the in vivo consequences of disrupting the interaction between Rb and an individual E2F are not clear. Here, we report an E2F mutation that interfered with binding to Rb family proteins without significantly affecting protein level or transactivation function. Characterization of mouse embryonic fibroblasts with this Rb‐independent E2F3LQ mutation revealed that disrupting the Rb and E2F3 interaction increased cell proliferation, allowed cells to accumulate to higher density, and significantly altered expression of genes involved in metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and response to stress. These results suggest that the Rb‐independent E2FLQ mutations might provide useful tools to investigate the in vivo consequences of disrupting the interactions between Rb and E2F.
High Efficiency Poly(acrylonitrile) Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes for Airborne Nanomaterials Filtration
Authors: Al‐Attabi Riyadh , Dumée Ludovic F. , Kong Lingxue , Schütz Jürg A. , Morsi Yosry
Published: August 2017

The potential of poly(acrylonitrile) electrospun membranes with tuneable pore size and fiber distributions were investigated for airborne fine‐particle filtration for the first time. The impact of solution concentration on final membrane properties are evaluated for the purpose of designing separation materials with higher separation efficiency. The properties of fibers and membranes are investigated systematically: the average pore distribution, as characterized by capillary flow porometry, and thermo‐mechanical properties of the mats are found to be dependent on fiber diameter and on specific electrospinning conditions. Filtration efficiency and pressure drop are calculated from measurement of penetration through the membranes using potassium chloride (KCl) aerosol particles ranging from 300 nm to 12 μm diameter. The PAN membranes exhibited separation efficiencies in the range of 73.8–99.78% and a typical quality factor 0.0224 (1 Pa−1) for 12 wt% PAN with nanofibers having a diameter of 858 nm. Concerning air flow rate, the quality factor and filtration efficiency of the electrospun membranes at higher face velocity are much more stable than for commercial membranes. The results suggest that the structure of electrospun membranes is the best for air filtration in terms of filtration stability at high air flow rate.
Highly Efficient, Conventional, Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Extended Lifetime
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Gu , Kim Kwon‐Hyeon , Kim Jang‐Joo
Published: August 2017

Highly efficient, yellow‐fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes with a maximum external quantum efficiency exceeding 25.0% and extended lifetime are reported using iridium‐complex sensitizers doped in an exciplex host. Energy transfer processes reduce the lifetime of the exciplex and excitons on the Ir complexes and enable an excited state to exist in a conventional fluorescent emitter, thereby increasing device lifetime. The device stability depends on the location of the excited state.
A polygenic risk score analysis of psychosis endophenotypes across brain functional, structural, and cognitive domains
Authors: Ranlund Siri , Calafato Stella , Thygesen Johan H. , Lin Kuang , Cahn Wiepke , Crespo‐Facorro Benedicto , de Zwarte Sonja M.C. , Díez Álvaro , Di Forti Marta ,   GROUP, Iyegbe Conrad , Jablensky Assen , Jones Rebecca , Hall Mei‐Hua , Kahn Rene , Kalaydjieva Luba , Kravariti Eugenia , McDonald Colm , McIntosh Andrew M. , McQuillin Andrew ,   PEIC, Picchioni Marco , Prata Diana P. , Rujescu Dan , Schulze Katja , Shaikh Madiha , Toulopoulou Timothea , van Haren Neeltje , van Os Jim , Vassos Evangelos , Walshe Muriel ,   WTCCC2, Lewis Cathryn , Murray Robin M. , Powell John , Bramon Elvira
Published: August 2017

This large multi‐center study investigates the relationships between genetic risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and multi‐modal endophenotypes for psychosis. The sample included 4,242 individuals; 1,087 patients with psychosis, 822 unaffected first‐degree relatives of patients, and 2,333 controls. Endophenotypes included the P300 event‐related potential (N = 515), lateral ventricular volume (N = 798), and the cognitive measures block design (N = 3,089), digit span (N = 1,437), and the Ray Auditory Verbal Learning Task (N = 2,406). Data were collected across 11 sites in Europe and Australia; all genotyping and genetic analyses were done at the same laboratory in the United Kingdom. We calculated polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder separately, and used linear regression to test whether polygenic scores influenced the endophenotypes. Results showed that higher polygenic scores for schizophrenia were associated with poorer performance on the block design task and explained 0.2% (p = 0.009) of the variance. Associations in the same direction were found for bipolar disorder scores, but this was not statistically significant at the 1% level (p = 0.02). The schizophrenia score explained 0.4% of variance in lateral ventricular volumes, the largest across all phenotypes examined, although this was not significant (p = 0.063). None of the remaining associations reached significance after correction for multiple testing (with alpha at 1%). These results indicate that common genetic variants associated with schizophrenia predict performance in spatial visualization, providing additional evidence that this measure is an endophenotype for the disorder with shared genetic risk variants. The use of endophenotypes such as this will help to characterize the effects of common genetic variation in psychosis.
Copper‐Catalyzed Borylacylation of Activated Alkenes with Acid Chlorides
Authors: Huang Yuan , Smith Kevin B. , Brown M. Kevin
Published: August 2017

A method for the copper‐catalyzed borylacylation of activated alkenes is presented. The reaction involves borylcupration of the alkene, followed by capture of the generated alkyl–copper intermediate with an acid chloride. The reactions operated with low catalyst loading and generally occurre within 15 min at room temperature for a range of activated alkenes. In the case of vinyl arenes, enantioselective borylacylation was possible.
Rational Design of a Robust Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Endogenous Carbon Monoxide in Living Zebrafish Embryos and Mouse Tissue
Authors: Liu Keyin , Kong Xiuqi , Ma Yanyan , Lin Weiying
Published: August 2017

Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most important gaseous signal molecules in biological systems. However, the investigation of the functions of CO in living organisms is restricted by the lack of functional molecular tools. To address this critical challenge, we present herein the rational design, synthesis, and in vivo imaging studies of a powerful two‐photon excited near‐infrared fluorescent probe (1‐Ac) for endogenous CO monitoring. The advantageous features of the new probe include high stability, low background fluorescence, large fluorescence enhancement, high sensitivity, and two‐photon excitation with emission in the near‐infrared region. Significantly, these merits of the probe enable the tracking of endogenous CO in zebrafish embryos and mouse tissues for the first time.
Reversible S0/MgSx Redox Chemistry in a MgTFSI2/MgCl2/DME Electrolyte for Rechargeable Mg/S Batteries
Authors: Gao Tao , Hou Singyuk , Wang Fei , Ma Zhaohui , Li Xiaogang , Xu Kang , Wang Chunsheng
Published: August 2017

The redox chemistry of magnesium and its application in rechargeable Mg batteries has received increasing attention owing to the unique benefits of Mg metal electrodes, namely high reversibility without dendrite formation, low reduction potentials, and high specific capacities. The Mg/S couple is of particular interest owing to its high energy density and low cost. Previous reports have confirmed the feasibility of a rechargeable Mg/S battery; however, only limited cycling stability was achieved, and the complicated procedure for the preparation of the electrolytes has significantly compromised the benefits of Mg/S chemistry and hindered the development of Mg/S batteries. Herein, we report the development of the first rechargeable Mg/S battery with a MgTFSI2/MgCl2/DME electrolyte (DME=1,2‐dimethoxyethane, TFSI=bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) and realize the best cycling stability among all reported Mg/S batteries by suppressing polysulfide dissolution. Mechanistic studies show that the battery works via S0/MgSx redox processes and that the large voltage hysteresis is mainly due to the Mg anode overpotential.
Peroxidyme‐Amplified Radical Chain Reaction (PARCR): Visible Detection of a Catalytic Reporter
Authors: Goertz John P. , White Ian M.
Published: August 2017

Peroxidyme Amplified Radical Chain Reaction (PARCR), a novel enzyme‐free system that achieves exponential amplification of a visible signal, is presented. Typical enzyme‐free amplification systems that produce a visible readout suffer from long reaction times, low sensitivity, and narrow dynamic range. PARCR employs photocatalyzed nonlinear signal generation, enabling unprecedented one‐pot, naked‐eye detection of a catalytic reporter from 1 μm down to 100 pm. In this reaction, hemin‐binding peroxidase‐mimicking DNAzymes (“peroxidymes”) mediate the NADH‐driven oxidation of a colorless, nonfluorescent phenoxazine dye (Amplex Red) to a brightly colored, strongly fluorescent product (resorufin); illumination with green light initiates multiple radical‐forming positive‐feedback loops, rapidly producing visible levels of resorufin. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potential of PARCR as an easy‐to‐use readout for a range of detection schemes, including aptamer labels, hybridization assays, and nucleic acid amplification.
Molar heat capacity of tetrabutylammonium chloride‐based deep eutectic solvents and their binary water mixtures
Authors: Naser Jamil , Mjalli Farouq Sabri , Gano Zaharaddeen Sani
Published: August 2017

The molar heat capacities of three tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC)‐based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and their binary water mixtures were investigated in this work. Results showed a linear dependence of the molar heat capacity with temperature for all water compositions as well the pure components. The molar heat capacity decreased with increasing water composition for all systems. The TBAC : triethylene glycol system (DES2) showed the highest molar heat capacity (445.00–479.67 J mol−1 K−1) followed by the TBAC : ethylene glycol system (DES3); (288.34–312.59 J mol−1 K−1), while the TBAC : glycerol system (DES1) had the lowest molar heat capacity (281.20–310.85 J mol−1 K−1) among the three DES systems.

The excess molar heat capacity, CPE, of the DES–water binary mixtures was determined. Results of CPE showed positive CPE for DES2 and negative CPE for DES3 for the entire range of water composition. DES1 showed a mix of positive and negative CPE values for the mixture. This behavior is explained as a result of the change in the intermolecular interaction between the DES–water molecules in the mixture compared with the DES–DES and water–water molecular interaction in the pure components. © 2017 Curtin University and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gellan gum–O,O′‐bis(2‐aminopropyl)‐polyethylene glycol hydrogel for controlled fertilizer release
Authors: Sabadini R. C. , Silva M. M. , Pawlicka A. , Kanicki J.
Published: August 2017

A gellan gum–Jeffamine superabsorbent hydrogel was obtained with different crosslink densities using different amounts of (1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride) and N‐hydroxysuccinimide. Infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis confirm the crosslinking. A morphology analysis indicates denser structures for samples with higher crosslinking points. The swelling degree in high‐acyl gellan gum hydrogels was equivalent to 145 times their dry weight, and 77 times when low‐acyl gellan gum was used. Hydrogels also showed a 450 min water retention, as opposed to 280 min for pure water, evidencing good humidity control, suitable for use in arid climates. They also demonstrated a maximum release of commercial fertilizer of about 400 mg per gram for KH2PO4 and about 300 mg per gram for NPK 20‐5‐20. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45636.
Association of the Presence of Anti–Carbamylated Protein Antibodies in Early Arthritis With a Poorer Clinical and Radiologic Outcome
Authors: Truchetet Marie‐Elise , Dublanc Stéphanie , Barnetche Thomas , Vittecoq Olivier , Mariette Xavier , Richez Christophe , Blanco Patrick , Mahler Michael , Contin‐Bordes Cécile , Schaeverbeke Thierry ,   the Fédération Hospitalo‐Universitaire ACRONIM
Published: August 2017

Objective

To assess the prevalence of anti–carbamylated protein (anti‐CarP) antibodies in a French cohort of patients with early arthritis and to investigate their association with clinical features, final diagnosis, prognosis, and comorbidities.

Methods

The presence of anti‐CarP antibodies among patients with early arthritis in the French Etude et Suivi des Polyarthrites Indifférenciées Récentes (ESPOIR) cohort (n = 720) was determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We investigated the prevalence of anti‐CarP antibodies in different patient subgroups stratified according to anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and/or rheumatoid factor (RF) status. Diagnostic and prognostic values of the test were evaluated in this population.

Results

Anti‐CarP antibodies were present in approximately one‐third of the patients (32.6%) and in 23.6% of the patients who were seronegative for both RF and ACPA. Anti‐CarP positivity was associated with a more active disease status at baseline and over time. Anti‐CarP–positive patients had a significantly higher Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate at month 36 than anti‐CarP–negative patients (3.1 ± 0.11 versus 2.8 ± 0.06; P = 0.03). Anti‐CarP–positive early arthritis was associated with a higher risk of developing erosions after 96 months of follow‐up (55.6% of anti‐CarP–positive patients versus 37.3% of anti‐CarP–negative patients) (odds ratio 2.1 [95% CI 1.2–3.6]; P = 0.009). This association was particularly true when anti‐CarP was associated with ACPA positivity. Moreover, ACPA positivity alone in early arthritis was not associated with a higher risk of erosive evolution.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that anti‐CarP antibodies are present in one‐third of patients with early arthritis and in one‐fourth of the RF‐negative and ACPA‐negative patients. They are particularly associated with a more severe radiographic outcome. Anti‐CarP antibody positivity may help to accurately identify those at risk of erosive evolution in an early arthritis population.
Understanding an enriched multidimensional user relevance model by analyzing query logs
Authors: Li Jingfei , Zhang Peng , Song Dawei , Wu Yue
Published: August 2017

Modeling multidimensional relevance in information retrieval (IR) has attracted much attention in recent years. However, most existing studies are conducted through relatively small‐scale user studies, which may not reflect a real‐world and natural search scenario. In this article, we propose to study the multidimensional user relevance model (MURM) on large scale query logs, which record users' various search behaviors (e.g., query reformulations, clicks and dwelling time, etc.) in natural search settings. We advance an existing MURM model (including five dimensions: topicality, novelty, reliability, understandability, and scope) by providing two additional dimensions, that is, interest and habit. The two new dimensions represent personalized relevance judgment on retrieved documents. Further, for each dimension in the enriched MURM model, a set of computable features are formulated. By conducting extensive document ranking experiments on Bing's query logs and TREC session Track data, we systematically investigated the impact of each dimension on retrieval performance and gained a series of insightful findings which may bring benefits for the design of future IR systems.
Toward the identification of adaptive functioning intervention targets for intellectually‐able, transition‐aged youth with autism: An examination of caregiver responses on the Vineland‐II
Authors: Matthews Nicole L. , Malligo Amanda , Smith Christopher J.
Published: August 2017

Little is known about specific adaptive functioning impairments in intellectually‐able individuals with autism spectrum disorder. In adolescents (n = 22) and young adults (n = 22) matched on composite IQ scores, this study examined profiles of cognitive and adaptive functioning, and caregiver responses on individual Vineland‐II items. Adaptive functioning standard scores were significantly lower than IQ scores, and the adult group had significantly lower adaptive functioning standard scores than the adolescent group. Examination of caregiver responses to individual Vineland‐II items identified more than 100 potential intervention targets. Differences favoring the adult group were observed on only 16 items across all three adaptive functioning domains, suggesting that little skill development is occurring during the transition to adulthood. Future research will examine the relevance of identified intervention targets to optimal outcomes. Autism Res 2017, 10: 2023–2036. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Lay Summary

Adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without intellectual disability demonstrated impaired adaptive functioning skills (i.e., age appropriate skills necessary for independent living). Development of adaptive functioning skills appears to slow with age among individuals without intellectual disability. Findings clarify the specific adaptive functioning skills that transition‐aged youth with ASD have difficulty completing independently and will inform the development of interventions to increase the likelihood of independent living in adulthood.
5‐Fluorouracil treatment alters the expression of intestinal transporters in rats
Authors: Yotsumoto Keiichi , Akiyoshi Takeshi , Wada Naoki , Imaoka Ayuko , Ohtani Hisakazu
Published: August 2017

5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU), an anticancer drug, causes severe gastrointestinal damage, which may affect the absorption of orally administered drugs including the substrates of intestinal uptake and efflux transporters. This study aimed to investigate quantitatively the effect of 5‐FU‐induced intestinal damage on the expression of intestinal transporters: P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) in rats. The rats were treated with 5‐FU (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 5 days to induce intestinal damage, and then the upper, middle and lower intestinal segments were removed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of these transporters in each segment were determined using quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In the 5‐FU‐treated rats, the protein levels of P‐gp and Bcrp in the upper segment were significantly increased to 15‐ and 2.6‐fold of the control, respectively, while those in other segments were unaffected. Pept1 expression was increased by 5‐FU in almost all segments. A remarkable increase in P‐gp expression was shown, the uptake of digoxin, a P‐gp substrate, in each intestinal segment was measured using a rat everted sac. As a result, the uptake of digoxin in the upper segments of 5‐FU‐treated rats was decreased compared with that of the control. In conclusion, 5‐FU‐induced intestinal damage was shown to alter the expression of these transporters, especially in the upper intestinal segment, while the characteristics of the influence varied among the transporters. The 5‐FU‐induced intestinal damage may affect transporter‐mediated drug absorption of orally administered drugs in the clinical setting.
Green Product Development and Product Portfolio Management: Empirical Evidence from an Emerging Economy
Authors: Jugend Daniel , Rojas Luiz Joao Victor , Chiappetta Jabbour Charbel Jose , a Silva Sérgio Luis , Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Ana Beatriz , Salgado Manoel Henrique
Published: August 2017

Few studies have explored the relationship between green products development (GPD) and product portfolio management (PPM). When considering evidence from emerging economies, the knowledge gap is even deeper. Consequently, the objective of this work is to analyze how green and traditional practices of new product development (NPD) influence product portfolio and NPD performance. In addition, we explore how GPD opens new markets and technology opportunities. The empirical evidence is based on a sample of firms that are developing products and belong to innovative industrial sectors in Brazil. In general, the framework developed and tested in this research indicates the following: (i) the adoption of GPD practices significantly influences product portfolio performance; (ii) the adoption of GPD practices tends to generate positive results with regard to obtaining technological and market opportunities; (iii) the adoption of traditional PPM practices influences the dependent factors. Unexpectedly, correlations between a firm's size or age and its performance were not confirmed. This is the first empirical evidence relating GPD, PPM, and market and technology opportunities in Brazil. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
SIRT1 mediates salidroside‐elicited protective effects against MPP+‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in SH‐SY5Y cells: involvement in suppressing MAPK pathways
Authors: Wang Chun‐Yang , Sun Zhao‐Nan , Wang Ming‐Xin , Zhang Chao
Published: August 2017

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, leading to tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and gait impairment. Salidroside has been reported to exhibit antioxidative and neuroprotective properties in PD. However, the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms effects of salidroside are poorly understood. Recently, a growing body of evidences suggest that silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) plays important roles in the pathophysiology of PD. Hence, the present study investigated the roles of SIRT1 in neuroprotective effect of salidroside against N‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+)‐induced SH‐SY5Y cell injury. Our findings revealed that salidroside attenuates MPP+‐induced neurotoxicity as evidenced by the increase in cell viability, and the decreases in the caspase‐3 activity and apoptosis ratio. Simultaneously, salidroside pretreatment remarkably increased SIRT1 activity, SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels in MPP+‐treated SH‐SY5Y cell. However, sirtinol, a SIRT1 activation inhibitor, significantly blocked the inhibitory effects of salidroside on MPP+‐induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. In addition, salidroside abolished MPP+‐induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the up‐regulation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression, the down‐regulations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) level in SH‐SY5Y cells, while these effects were also blocked by sirtinol. Finally, we found that the inhibition of salidroside on MPP+‐induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK) were also reversed by sirtinol in SH‐SY5Y cells. Taken together, these results indicated that SIRT1 contributes to the neuroprotection of salidroside against MPP+‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, in part through suppressing of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.
Solitary costal plasmacytoma mimicking lung cancer metastasis
Authors: Kadota Naoki , Shinohara Tsutomu , Naruse Keishi , Hatakeyama Nobuo
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical Message

A clinical diagnosis of metastatic bone tumors is usually based on radiological findings without bone biopsy. Plasmacytoma can present as a single osteolytic lesion as described in this case. Early bone biopsy should be considered in unusual clinical settings for a differential diagnosis of primary bone tumors.
Left main trunk stenting in a case of acute aortic dissection: a case report
Authors: Gohbara Masaomi , Endo Tsutomu , Kimura Kazuo , Tamura Kouichi
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical Message

In cases involving unstable hemodynamics in patients with Stanford type‐A acute aortic dissection involving left main trunk (LMT) compression, LMT stenting without antiplatelet agents may be a good option as a bridge to surgery.
Rational Design of Rod‐Like Liquid Crystals Exhibiting Two Nematic Phases
Authors: Mandle Richard J. , Cowling Stephen J. , Goodby John W.
Published: August 2017

Recently, a polar, rod‐like liquid‐crystalline material was reported to exhibit two distinct nematic mesophases (termed N and NX) separated by a weakly first‐order transition. Herein, we present our initial studies into the structure–property relationships that underpin the occurrence of the lower‐temperature nematic phase, and report several new materials that exhibit this same transformation. We have prepared material with significantly enhanced temperature ranges, allowing us to perform a detailed study of both the upper‐ and lower‐temperature nematic phases by using small‐angle X‐ray scattering. We observed a continuous change in d spacing rather than a sharp change at the phase transition, a result consistent with a transition between two nematic phases, structures of which are presumably degenerate.
Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing‐Up Multiple Interlocked Co‐Conformations for Silver(I) Coordination
Authors: Baggi Giorgio , Loeb Stephen J.
Published: August 2017

A novel [2]rotaxane ligand has been prepared that contains a bidentate N,N′‐chelate as part of a rigid, H‐shaped axle and a 24‐membered crown ether macrocycle containing six ether O‐atoms and a trans olefinic group as the wheel. This unique interlocked connectivity allows access to a number of different donor sets, which are shown to be capable of binding AgI metal ions.
Study on liquid‐phase hydrogenation of paranitrotoluene over Ru‐based catalysts
Authors: Ji Dong , Li Hongwei , Li Zeyu , Li Guixian
Published: August 2017

This paper presented a study on the role of yttrium addition to Ru‐based catalysts for liquid phase paranitrotoluene hydrogenation reaction. An impregnation‐precipitation method was used for preparation of a series of yttrium doped Ru/NaY catalysts with yttrium content in the range of 0.0026–0.0052 g/g. Properties of the obtained samples were characterized and analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), H2‐TPR, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ICP atomic emission spectroscopy, and Nitrogen adsorption‐desorption. The results revealed that catalytic activity of NaY supported Ru catalysts increased with the yttrium content at first, then decreased with the further increase of yttrium content. When yttrium content was 0.0033 g/g, a Ru‐Y/NaY2 catalyst showed the most excellent performance of paranitrotoluene hydrogenation reaction (paranitrotoluene conversion and the selectivity toward P‐methyl‐cyclohexylamine reached 99.9 % and 82.5 %, respectively). In addition, to compare with the performance of Ru‐Y/NaY catalysts, the active carbon supported Ru catalysts were prepared using the same method in view of its higher surface area and adsorption capacity. Finally, the effect of solvent on the reaction over Ru‐Y/NaY2 catalyst has been investigated, it was found that the best performance of paranitrotoluene hydrogenation reaction took place in protic solvents (isopropanol and ethanol). This was mainly ascribed to their polarity and hydrogen‐bond accepting capability.
Network failure–aware redundant virtual machine placement in a cloud data center
Authors: Zhou Ao , Wang Shangguang , Hsu Ching‐Hsien , Kim Myung Ho , Wong Kok‐seng
Published: August 2017

Cloud has become a very popular infrastructure for many smart city applications. A growing number of smart city applications from all over the world are deployed on the clouds. However, node failure events from the cloud data center have negative impact on the performance of smart city applications. Survivable virtual machine placement has been proposed by the researchers to enhance the service reliability. Because of the ignorance of switch failure, current survivable virtual machine placement approaches cannot achieve the best effect. In this paper, we study to enhance the service reliability by designing a novel network failure–aware redundant virtual machine placement approach in a cloud data center. Firstly, we formulate the network failure–aware redundant virtual machine placement problem as an integer nonlinear programming problem and prove that the problem is NP‐hard. Secondly, we propose a heuristic algorithm to solve the problem. Finally, extensive simulation results show the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Bi2MoO6 Nanostrip Networks for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CH4
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Li Liang , Han Qiutong , Tang Lanqin , Chen Xingyu , Hu Jianqiang , Li Zhaosheng , Zhou Yong , Liu Junming , Zou Zhigang
Published: August 2017

A three‐dimensional Bi2MoO6 nanostrip architecture was synthesized by the hydrothermal method using sodium oleate as a surfactant. The generated Bi2MoO6 nanostrips intercross with each other to form a unique network structure with a band gap of 2.92 eV, corresponding to visible‐light wavelength. Time‐evolution experiments reveal the formation mechanism of the Bi2MoO6 network. The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CH4 catalyzed by the Bi2MoO6 architecture was evaluated and compared with the process catalyzed by a Bi2MoO6 nanoplate analogue synthesized in the absence of sodium oleate as well as with the solid‐state reaction. The Bi2MoO6 nanostrips exhibit the best photocatalytic activity, which can be attributed to their high specific surface area, high light‐absorption intensity, suitable thickness for fast charge‐carrier migration, and the presence of pores for reactant transport.
Preparation of Whitening Dihydrate Gypsum and Short Columnar α‐Hemihydrate Gypsum with FGD Gypsum
Authors: Shao Duoduo , Zhao Bin , Gao Lili , Xu Yiyi , Wang Zhiguang , Cao Jilin
Published: August 2017

Using FGD gypsum as the raw material, whitening and large prismatic dihydrate gypsum can be obtained by dissolution‐crystallization and decoloring process with α‐hemihydrate gypsum whiskers prepared in MgSO4‐CaCl2‐H2O solution, which can transform into whitening short columnar α‐hemihydrate gypsum. The effects of aging temperature, pH, dosage of sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), time on composition and morphology of products were investigated. The research shows that: whitening and large prismatic dihydrate gypsum with average length of 350μm and the whiteness of 82.57% can be obtained with 6g SDS (mass ratio of SDS/FGD gypsum was 1.2) addition and pH of 8 after 3.5h under 60°C. The effects of different morphologies of dihydrate gypsum on α‐hemihydrate gypsum were discussed, which indicates that granularity and morphology of α‐hemihydrate gypsum are directly related to dihydrate gypsum. And short columnar α‐hemihydrate gypsum with the length of 100μm and the whiteness of 85.68% can be prepared by dihydrate gypsum obtained under optimum conditions mentioned above.
MicroRNA‐induced silencing in epilepsy: Opportunities and challenges for clinical application
Authors: Tiwari Durgesh , Peariso Katrina , Gross Christina
Published: August 2017

MicroRNAs are master regulators of gene expression. Single microRNAs influence multiple proteins within diverse molecular pathways and networks. Therefore, changes in levels or activity of microRNAs can have profound effects on cellular function. This makes dysregulated microRNA‐induced silencing an attractive potential disease mechanism in complex disorders like epilepsy, where numerous cellular pathways and processes are affected simultaneously. Indeed, several years of research in rodent models have provided strong evidence that acute or recurrent seizures change microRNA expression and function. Moreover, altered microRNA expression has been observed in brain and blood from patients with various epilepsy disorders, such as tuberous sclerosis. MicroRNAs can be easily manipulated using sense or antisense oligonucleotides, opening up opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize studies using these techniques to identify microRNAs that modulate seizure susceptibility, describe protein targets mediating some of these effects, and discuss cellular pathways, for example neuroinflammation, that are controlled by epilepsy‐associated microRNAs. We critically assess current gaps in knowledge regarding target‐ and cell‐specificity of microRNAs that have to be addressed before clinical application as therapeutic targets or biomarkers. The recent progress in understanding microRNA function in epilepsy has generated strong momentum to encourage in‐depth mechanistic studies to develop microRNA‐targeted therapies.Developmental Dynamics 247:94–110, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modelling the effects of spatial heterogeneity and temporal variation in extinction probability on mosquito populations
Authors: Alcalay Yehonatan , Tsurim Ido , Ovadia Ofer
Published: August 2017

Spatial synchrony plays an important role in dictating the dynamics of spatial and stage‐structured populations. Here we argue that, unlike the Moran effect where spatial synchrony is driven by exogenous factors, spatial correlation in intrinsic/local‐scale processes can affect the level of spatial synchrony among distinct sub‐populations, and therefore the persistence of the entire population. To explore this mechanism, we modelled the consequences of spatial heterogeneity in aquatic habitat quality, and that of temporal variation in local extinction probability, on the persistence of stage‐structured mosquito populations. As a model system, we used two widely distributed mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens, both key vectors of a range of infectious diseases. Spatial heterogeneity in aquatic habitat quality led to increased population persistence, and this pattern was more pronounced at intermediate dispersal rates, and in the long‐dispersing species (C. pipiens). The highest regional persistence was obtained at high dispersal rates. This is probably because dispersal, in our model, did not carry any additional costs. Population persistence of both species was negatively correlated with increased temporal variation in local extinction probability. These differences were stronger in the short‐dispersing species (A. albopictus), especially at intermediate dispersal rates. The dispersal of A. albopictus adults in each time step was limited to the nearest habitat patches, weakening the positive effect of spatial heterogeneity in aquatic habitat quality on population persistence. In contrast, C. pipiens adults could disperse into more remote sub‐populations, resulting in much higher recolonization rates. Hence, the negative effect of temporal variation in local extinction probability on patch occupancy disappeared at intermediate dispersal rates. We suggest that effectively controlling these two mosquito species requires making few spatially synchronized control efforts (i.e., generating high temporal variation in local extinction probability), rather than many asynchronized local control efforts. Finally, our model can be easily fitted to other organisms characterized by complex life cycles, and it can be also used to examine alternative scenarios, including the effect of spatial configuration of local habitat patches and dispersal kernel shape on population persistence.
Negative affect and binge eating: Reconciling differences between two analytic approaches in ecological momentary assessment research
Authors: Berg Kelly C. , Cao Li , Crosby Ross D. , Engel Scott G. , Peterson Carol B. , Crow Scott J. , Le Grange Daniel , Mitchell James E. , Lavender Jason M. , Durkin Nora , Wonderlich Stephen A.
Published: August 2017

Objective

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) research has produced contradictory findings regarding the trajectory of negative affect after binge‐eating episodes. Given the clinical implications, the objective of the current study was to reconcile these inconsistencies by comparing the two most commonly employed statistical approaches used to analyze these data.

Method

Data from two EMA studies were analyzed separately. Study 1 included 118 adult females with full‐ or subthreshold DSM‐IV anorexia nervosa. Study 2 included 131 adult females with full‐threshold DSM‐IV bulimia nervosa. For each dataset, the single most proximal negative affect ratings preceding and following a binge‐eating episode were compared. The times at which these ratings were made, relative to binge‐eating episodes, were also compared.

Results

The results indicate that the average proximal pre‐binge ratings of negative affect were significantly higher than the average proximal post‐binge ratings of negative affect. However, results also indicate that the average proximal post‐binge ratings of negative affect were made significantly closer in time to the binge‐eating episodes (∼20 min post‐binge) than the average proximal pre‐binge ratings of negative affect (∼2.5 hr pre‐binge). A graphical representation of the results demonstrates that the average proximal pre‐binge and post‐binge ratings map closely onto the results of previous studies.

Discussion

These data provide one possible explanation for the inconsistent findings regarding the trajectory of negative affect after binge eating. Moreover, they suggest that the findings from previous studies are not necessarily contradictory, but may be complementary, and appear to bolster support for the affect regulation model of binge eating.