bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Impact of the TCF7L2 Gene rs7903146 Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus Risk Polymorphism in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Impaired
Glycemic Control and Increased Need of Insulin Therapy
Authors: Potasso Laura , Perakakis Nikolaos , Lamprinou Apostolia , Polyzou Elektra , Kassanos Dimitrios , Peter Andreas , Päth Günter , Seufert Jochen , Laubner Katharina
Published: September 2019

Background The single nucleotide polymorphism in TCF7L2 rs7903146 is
associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational
diabetes mellitus. Mechanisms by which this mutation acts, and its impact on the
clinical course of the diseases remain unclear. Here we investigated the
clinical impact of the T risk allele in women with gestational diabetes
mellitus.

Methods We genotyped the C/T polymorphism in 164 Caucasian women
with GDM (German n=114; Greek n=50). The impact of the T allele
on the results of the 75g oral-glucose-tolerance-test, and on the required
therapy (diet/lifestyle or insulin) was investigated.

Results During oral-glucose-tolerance-test, women harboring the T allele
displayed significantly higher glucose values at 60 min (p=0.034) and
were more likely to require insulin therapy even after adjusting for
confounders, such as BMI and age.

Conclusion These results provide evidence that the T risk allele in
TCF7L2 rs7903146 is associated with failure in early postprandial glycemic
control and requirement of insulin therapy in women with gestational diabetes
mellitus, even after adjusting for confounding factors such BMI and age.
Microsurgical Treatment of Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: A 20-year Single-institution Experience
Authors: Pietrantonio Andrea , Trungu Sokol , Delfini Roberto , Raco Antonino
Published: September 2019

Background Anterior communicating artery (AComA) aneurysms are the most frequent intracranial aneurysms. They have a high risk of rupture, morbidity, and mortality following rupture. Surgical treatment is complex because of their deep location, proximity to the perforators, and their different projections and relations with the parent vessels. This retrospective study reports our experience in the surgical management of AComA aneurysms, describing how the microsurgical strategy is influenced by their projection and size, the orientation of the AComA complex, and the location and caliber of the parent vessels.

Methods We reviewed all the patients treated surgically at our institution from September 1995 to March 2015 for ruptured and unruptured AComA aneurysms. Operative reports, neuroimages, and intraoperative videos were analyzed, and the surgical technique was examined. Illustrative cases are also included.

Results A complete documentation was available for 223 (75.3%) of the 296 treated patients. Medium-size (55.1%) and superiorly projecting (31.8%) aneurysms were the most represented; 158 patients (70.9%) had different A1 diameters. A left- or right-sided pterional approach was performed in 85 patients (38.1%) and 138 patients (61.9%), respectively. A complete occlusion was documented in 185 patients (83%).

Conclusions Posterior and superior projections are the most complex to deal with because of the difficult dissection of the perforators and the contralateral A2, respectively. Approaching from the side of the dominant A1 ensures a prompt proximal control. Searching preoperatively for an eventual rotation of the AComA complex and for the location of the A2s can be very helpful for intraoperative orientation.
Total Synthesis of Enisorine D and its Analogues
Authors: Shashi Shashi , Hussain Mulla Althafh , Khan Faiz Ahmed
Published: September 2019

The first total synthesis of enisorine D, a natural product isolated from the marine sponge Iotrochota cf. iota, is described in 64% overall yield. The target molecule, which is an inhibitor of T3SS-dependent Yope secretion of Y. pseudotuberculosis, is achieved in seven linear steps from tyramine via simple and effective transformations that include bromination, acylation, alkylation, azidation, reduction and routine acid–amine coupling. A total of sixteen analogues are prepared by coupling with eight different cinnamic acids, two bromopyrrole carboxylic acids, five phenyl carboxylic acids and picolinic acid.
Acid-Catalyzed Condensation of o-Phenylenediammines and o-Aminophenols with α-Oxodithioesters: A Divergent and Regio­selective Synthesis of 2-Methylthio-3-aryl/Heteroarylquinoxalines and 2-Acylbenzoxazoles
Authors: Kiran Kuppalli R , Swaroop Toreshettahally R , Sukrutha Kodipura P , Shruthi Jeegundipattana B , Anil Seegehally M , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S , Sadashiva Maralinganadoddi P
Published: September 2019

o-Phenylenediammines and o-aminophenols were reacted with α-oxodithioesters in a highly regioselective fashion to give 2-methylthio-3-aryl/heteroarylquinoxalines and 2-acylbenzoxazoles in 55–94% and 45–86%, respectively, in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid catalyst. Control experiments involving reaction of aniline with a α-oxodithioester indicated that the thiocarbonyl group is more reactive than the carbonyl group. Based on this, probable mechanisms for the formation of quinoxalines and benzoxazoles are given. Biological targets of the quinoxalines and benzoxazoles were identified by bioinformatics. It was found that quinoxalines have good binding affinity with human dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A and benzoxazoles with human carboxylesterase.
Copper-Catalyzed Nitrogenation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Aldehydes: A Direct Route to Carbamoyl Azides
Authors: Wei Rongbiao , Ge Liang , Bao Hongli , Liao Saihu , Li Yajun
Published: September 2019

An efficient copper-catalyzed synthesis of carbamoyl azides directly from aldehydes has been developed. Both aromatic aldehydes and aliphatic aldehydes, together with other commercially available reactants, can be used as substrates in this radical relay reaction. Broad substrate scope, simple operation, readily available reagents, and good functionality tolerance make this method very attractive.
Progesterone's Serum Level and a New Ultrasonographic Parameter in the First Trimester Pregnancy – Prognostic Factors for Embryonic Demise
Authors: Bucuri Carmen Elena , Ciortea Razvan , Malutan Andrei Mihai , Berceanu Costin , Rada Maria Patricia , Mihu Dan
Published: September 2019

Objective The etiology of embryonic demise is multifactorial, with chromosomal abnormalities being the most common (40%). The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the correlation between a serum biomarker, progesterone, and an ultrasonographic parameter, the distance between yolk sac and embryo (DYSE) in assessing the prognosis of pregnancy outcome in the 1st trimester.

Methods The present study is a prospective case-control analysis that includes 2 groups of patients: 81 patients with first-trimester normal evolutive pregnancy and 89 patients with embryonic demise, all of the patients having between 6 and 11 weeks of amenorrhea. Endovaginal ultrasonographic exploration was performed to evaluate the distance between the lower pole of the embryo and the yolk sac. From each subject enrolled in the study, 20 ml of blood was collected for progesterone serum level measurement.

Results Regarding the DYSE in the case group, lower values were observed compared with the control group, the difference being statistically significant. In the statistical analysis of serum progesterone values, statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion The DYSE has a high positive predictive value in identifying pregnancies with potentially reserved outcome, with the present study demonstrating that a DYSE < 3 mm causes an unfavorable evolution of the pregnancy. Low serum levels of progesterone are associated with an increased rate of nonviable embryos. The correlation between these two parameters increases the effectiveness of screening methods in prenatal monitoring and improves the diagnostic methods for the first-trimester pregnancies whose outcome potential can be reserved.
A Prolonged Treatment Response in Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome
Authors: Désage Stéphanie , Le Quellec Sandra , Karlin Lionel , Lienhart Anne , Meunier Sandrine , Rugeri Lucia
Published: September 2019

Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is a rare bleeding disorder. We report herein a case of AVWS due to a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, in which a transient but prolonged response to a treatment by intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was observed. The diagnosis was fortuitously made in a preoperative setting for neurosurgery, after biological exploration of an isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. AVWS was confirmed by an accelerated clearance of an infused plasma-derived von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrate. High doses of IVIG were used to perform the neurosurgery. Fifty-four days after IVIG, the patient was still responding to treatment with normal levels of factor VIII and VWF.
Efeitos da vibração mecânica nas junções neuromusculares e tipo de fibra do músculo sóleo de ratas wistar ooforectomizadas
Authors: Peretti Ana Luiza , Kakihata Camila Mayumi Martin , Wutzke Maria Luiza Serradourada , Torrejais Márcia Miranda , Ribeiro Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Avaliar as junções neuromusculares (JNMs) e o tipo de fibras musculares do músculo sóleo de ratas Wistar ooforectomizadas e submetidas a um protocolo de vibração mecânica.

Métodos Foram utilizadas 36 ratas randomizadas nos grupos pseudo-ooforectomia sem e com tratamento e ooforectomia sem e com tratamento. O tratamento foi realizado com plataforma vibratória, frequência de 60 Hz e duração de 10 minutos, 3 vezes por semana, durante 4 semanas. Ao término do período de intervenção, os animais foram eutanasiados e os músculos sóleos coletados e processados para análise das JNMs e tipo de fibra. Os dados foram analisados quanto à normalidade pelo teste Shapiro-Wilk e análise da variância de 3 vias, utilizando o pós-teste de Tukey quando necessário, tendo sido adotado o nível de significância de 5%.

Resultados Na análise das JNMs, o grupo ooforectomia apresentou área menor que o grupo pseudo-ooforectomia, porém o grupo ooforectomia tratado igualou-se ao grupo pseudo-ooforectomia tratado. Para o maior diâmetro das junções, o grupo ooforectomia também se apresentou diferente dos demais; porém, os animais do grupo ooforectomia tratado foram maiores que o grupo pseudo-ooforectomia tratado. Não houve distinção dos tipos de fibras, com o músculo apresentando fibras do tipo oxidativo.

Conclusão A privação hormonal reduziu a área e o diâmetro das JNMs, com reversão deste processo nos grupos que realizaram o tratamento com plataforma vibratória durante 4 semanas e, ainda, tanto cirurgia quanto tratamento não influenciaram no tipo de fibra do músculo sóleo, composto por fibras oxidativas.
Concurrent Validity and Interrater Reliability of the “Clinical Schedules for Primary Care Psychiatry”
Authors: Kulkarni Karishma , Adarsha Alur Manjappa , Parthasarathy Rajini , Philip Mariamma , Shashidhara Harihara Nagabhushana , Vinay Basavaraju , Manjunatha Narayana , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Math Suresh Bada , Thirthalli Jagadisha
Published: September 2019

Background and Objectives There is limited access to specialized mental health care in countries such as India with a wide treatment gap for psychiatric illnesses. Integrating mental health delivery with primary health-care services is vital. The clinical schedules for primary care psychiatry (CSP) was designed for training primary care doctors (PCDs) to identify and diagnose psychiatric illness in patients presenting to primary care settings. This study aims to study the validity and reliability of the CSP and its hypothesis is that the CSP would help PCDs to identify psychiatric caseness.

Methods The study was conducted at three primary health centers of Karnataka. Consented PCDs were briefly trained in the use of CSP and screened patients who were later interviewed by a psychiatrist using a semistructured interview and confirmed by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th edition (ICD-10) symptom checklist. The appropriate statistical analysis was performed.

Results A total of 180 patients were included. Agreement was found between diagnoses made by PCDs and psychiatrist for 142 (78. 9%) patients with a Cohen's kappsychiatry pa (K) = 0. 57. The sensitivity was 91. 1% and specificity was 68. 3%. The interrater reliability showed K = 0. 7.

Conclusion The CSP helps PCDs to make psychiatric diagnoses. It has a relatively high sensitivity with reasonably high specificity but mayneed clinical training.
Spatially resolved and two-dimensional mapping modulated infrared photoluminescence spectroscopy with functional wavelength up to 20 μm
Authors: Chen Xiren , Zhu Liangqing , Shao Jun
Published: September 2019

The pixel-scale nonuniformity of the photoelectric response may be due either to the in-plane electronic inhomogeneity of the narrow-gap semiconductor or to the craft fluctuation during the fabrication process, which limits the imaging performance of the infrared focal plane array (FPA) photodetector. Accordingly, a nondestructive technique is most desirable for examining the spatial uniformity of the optoelectronic properties of the narrow-gap semiconductor to identify the origin of the FPA response nonuniformity. This article introduces a spatially resolved and two-dimensional mapping infrared photoluminescence (PL) technique, especially suitable for characterizing FPA narrow-gap semiconductors, based on the modulated PL method with a step-scan Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The experimental configuration is described, and typical applications are presented as examples to a 960 × 640 μm2 area of an InAsSbP-on-InAs layer in the medium-wave infrared range and a 960 × 960 μm2 area of a HgTe/HgCdTe superlattice (SL) in the long-wave infrared range. The results indicate that, within a measurement duration of about 30 s/spectrum, a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of over 50 is achieved with a spectral resolution of 16 cm−1 for the InAsSbP-on-InAs layer and a SNR over 30 is achieved with a spectral resolution of 12 cm−1 for the HgTe/HgCdTe SL, which warrants reliable identification of the subtle differences among the spatially resolved and two-dimensional mapping PL spectra. The imaging of the in-plane distribution of PL energy, intensity, and linewidth is realized quantitatively. The results indicate the feasibility and functionality of the spatially resolved and two-dimensional mapping PL spectroscopy for the narrow-gap semiconductors in a wide infrared range.
Gain and phase control in a graphene-loaded reconfigurable antenna
Authors: Grande Marco , Bianco Giuseppe Valerio , Laneve Dario , Capezzuto Pio , Petruzzelli Vincenzo , Scalora Michael , Prudenzano Francesco , Bruno Giovanni , D'Orazio Antonella
Published: September 2019

We propose a reconfigurable scheme consisting of an antenna loaded by a CVD graphene capacitor. We show how the gated-graphene can actively control the antenna gain by about 2–3 dB and the phase of far-field electric field by about 45°. The proposed idea could be efficiently adapted to antennas with different geometries and operating frequencies becoming transparent with respect to antenna technologies. We believe that these results clear a path toward graphene-based antenna systems for reconfigurable and smart telecommunication systems.
24 mJ Cr+4:forsterite four-stage master-oscillator power-amplifier laser system for high resolution mid-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Stoychev Lyubomir I. , Cabrera Humberto , Gadedjisso-Tossou Komlan S. , Vasiliev Nikolai , Zaporozhchenko Yuri , Nikolov Ivaylo P. , Sigalotti Paolo , Demidovich Alexander A. , Suárez-Vargas José J. , Mocchiutti Emiliano , Pizzolotto Cecilia , Niemela Joseph , Baruzzo Marco , Danailov Miltcho B. , Vacchi Andrea
Published: September 2019

We present the design of a Cr:forsterite based single-frequency master-oscillator power-amplifier laser system delivering much higher output energy compared to previous literature reports. The system has four amplifying stages with two-pass configuration each, thus enabling the generation of 24 mJ output energy in the spectral region around 1262 nm. It is demonstrated that the presented Cr:forsterite amplifier preserves high spectral and pulse quality, allowing a straightforward energy scaling. This laser system is a promising tool for tunable nonlinear down-conversion to the mid-infrared spectral range and will be a key building block in a system for high-resolution muonic hydrogen spectroscopy in the 6.8 μm range.
Highly sensitive AFM using self-excited weakly coupled cantilevers
Authors: Lin Y. , Yabuno H. , Liu X. , Yamamoto Y. , Matsumoto S.
Published: September 2019

In this article, we propose a method, using weakly coupled cantilevers, to enhance the sensitivity of atomic force microscopy (AFM) by several orders of magnitudes. There are two major dynamics AFM methods, i.e., amplitude modulation AFM and frequency modulation AFM (FM-AFM). In FM-AFM, which is based on the eigenfrequency shift of a single cantilever, the enhancement in sensitivity is restricted because of the limitations of miniaturization in the manufacturing process. By contrast, we used coupled cantilevers based on the eigenmode shift, which corresponds to the amplitude ratio between the cantilevers. This enabled us to increase the sensitivity by reducing the coupling stiffness between cantilevers without relying on further miniaturization. In addition, to detect the eigenmode shift, even in high-viscosity environments, we produced self-excitation in the weakly coupled cantilevers by feedback control. Using this prototype system of coupled macroscale cantilevers subjected to the magnetic force, which simulates the atomic force, we confirmed the high sensitivity of the proposed method.
Cahn-Hilliard mobility of fluid-fluid interfaces from molecular dynamics
Authors: Barclay Paul L. , Lukes Jennifer R.
Published: September 2019

The Cahn-Hilliard equation is often used to model the temporospatial evolution of multiphase fluid systems including droplets, bubbles, aerosols, and liquid films. This equation requires knowledge of the fluid-fluid interfacial mobility γ, a parameter that can be difficult to obtain experimentally. In this work, a method to obtain γ from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics is presented. γ is obtained for liquid-liquid and liquid-vapor interfaces by perturbing them from their equilibrium phase fraction spatial distributions, using molecular dynamics simulations to observe their relaxation toward equilibrium, and fitting the Cahn-Hilliard model to the transient molecular simulations at each time step. γ is then compared to a different measure of interfacial mobility, the molecular interfacial mobility M. It is found that γ is proportional to the product of M, the interface thickness, and the ratio of thermal energy to interfacial energy.
Orientational correlations in fluids with quenched disorder
Authors: Shankaraiah N. , Sengupta Surajit , Menon Gautam I.
Published: September 2019

Snapshots of colloidal particles moving on disordered two-dimensional substrates can be used to extract equal-time many-body correlations in their positions. To understand the systematics of these correlations, we perform Monte Carlo simulations of a two-dimensional model fluid placed in a quenched disordered background. We use configurations generated from these simulations to compute translational and orientational two-point correlations at equal time, concentrating on correlations in local orientational order as a function of density and disorder strength. We calculate both the disorder averaged version of conventional two-point correlation functions for orientational order, as well as the disorder averaged version of a novel correlation function of time-averaged disorder-induced inhomogeneities in local orientation analogous to the Edwards-Anderson correlation function in spin systems. We demonstrate that these correlations can exhibit interesting nonmonotonic behavior in proximity to the underlying fluid-solid transition and suggest that this prediction should be experimentally accessible.
Triggering of ionization oscillations in hollow cathode discharge by keeper electrode
Authors: Meng Tianhang , Ning Zhongxi , Yu Daren
Published: September 2019

The keeper electrode was believed to be beneficial for improving the hollow cathode performance. However, this paper shows that it can also be hazardous to the discharge if not treated properly. Interactions between the extracted electron beam and the keeper electrode were revealed in an experiment regarding the hollow cathode discharge in the magnetic field environment. It was found that when the electron beam was wider than the keeper orifice, non-negligible electron current was irreversibly lost on the cold keeper wall, inferring from the escalated floating potential of the keeper with respect to the cathode potential. This loss triggered the high-amplitude ionization oscillations in the cathode plume that were highly coherent with the potential fluctuations of keeper itself. The magnetic field that was parallel to the cathode axis could restrict electron diffusion onto the keeper surface and greatly restrain the triggering. Based on the discovered triggering mechanism, several suggestions regarding the cathode design and thruster-cathode coupling were given.
Multicomponent density functional theory: Including the density gradient in the electron-proton correlation functional for hydrogen and deuterium
Authors: Tao Zhen , Yang Yang , Hammes-Schiffer Sharon
Published: September 2019

Multicomponent density functional theory (DFT) has many practical advantages for incorporating nuclear quantum effects into quantum chemistry calculations. Within the nuclear-electronic orbital (NEO) framework, specified nuclei, typically protons, are treated quantum mechanically on the same level as the electrons. Previously, electron-proton correlation functionals based on the local density approximation (LDA), denoted epc17 and epc18, were developed and shown to provide more accurate proton densities and energies compared to the neglect of electron-proton correlation, but a quantitatively accurate description of both densities and energies simultaneously has remained elusive. Herein, an electron-proton correlation functional that depends on the electron and proton density gradients, as well as the densities, is derived and implemented. Compared to the LDA functionals, the resulting generalized gradient approximation functional, denoted epc19, is able to simultaneously provide accurate proton densities and energies, as well as reproduce the impact of nuclear quantum effects on optimized geometries. In addition, without further parameterization, the NEO-DFT/epc19 method provides accurate densities and energies for deuterium as well as hydrogen. These results demonstrate that the form of the epc19 functional is able to capture the essential aspects of electron-proton correlation and highlights the importance of including gradient terms. This approach will enable the exploration of nuclear quantum effects and isotope effects in a wide range of systems.
Structure and phase behavior of polymer-linked colloidal gels
Authors: Howard Michael P. , Jadrich Ryan B. , Lindquist Beth A. , Khabaz Fardin , Bonnecaze Roger T. , Milliron Delia J. , Truskett Thomas M.
Published: September 2019

Low-density “equilibrium” gels that consist of a percolated, kinetically arrested network of colloidal particles and are resilient to aging can be fabricated by restricting the number of effective bonds that form between the colloids. Valence-restricted patchy particles have long served as one archetypal example of such materials, but equilibrium gels can also be realized through a synthetically simpler and scalable strategy that introduces a secondary linker, such as a small ditopic molecule, to mediate the bonds between the colloids. Here, we consider the case where the ditopic linker molecules are low-molecular-weight polymers and demonstrate using a model colloid–polymer mixture how macroscopic properties such as the phase behavior as well as the microstructure of the gel can be designed through the polymer molecular weight and concentration. The low-density window for equilibrium gel formation is favorably expanded using longer linkers while necessarily increasing the spacing between all colloids. However, we show that blends of linkers with different sizes enable wider variation in microstructure for a given target phase behavior. Our computational study suggests a robust and tunable strategy for the experimental realization of equilibrium colloidal gels.
Cayley modification for strongly stable path-integral and ring-polymer molecular dynamics
Authors: Korol Roman , Bou-Rabee Nawaf , Miller Thomas F.
Published: September 2019

Path-integral-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are widely used for the calculation of numerically exact quantum Boltzmann properties and approximate dynamical quantities. A nearly universal feature of MD numerical integration schemes for equations of motion based on imaginary-time path integrals is the use of harmonic normal modes for the exact evolution of the free ring-polymer positions and momenta. In this work, we demonstrate that this standard practice creates numerical artifacts. In the context of conservative (i.e., microcanonical) equations of motion, it leads to numerical instability. In the context of thermostated (i.e., canonical) equations of motion, it leads to nonergodicity of the sampling. These pathologies are generally proven to arise at integration time steps that depend only on the system temperature and the number of ring-polymer beads, and they are numerically demonstrated for the cases of conventional ring-polymer MD (RPMD) and thermostated RPMD (TRPMD). Furthermore, it is demonstrated that these numerical artifacts are removed via replacement of the exact free ring-polymer evolution with a second-order approximation based on the Cayley transform. The Cayley modification introduced here can immediately be employed with almost every existing integration scheme for path-integral-based MD—including path-integral MD (PIMD), RPMD, TRPMD, and centroid MD—providing strong symplectic stability and ergodicity to the numerical integration, at no penalty in terms of computational cost, algorithmic complexity, or accuracy of the overall MD time step. Furthermore, it is shown that the improved numerical stability of the Cayley modification allows for the use of larger MD time steps. We suspect that the Cayley modification will therefore find useful application in many future path-integral-based MD simulations.
Magnetic field orientation dependent dynamic susceptibility and Brownian relaxation time of magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Zhong Jing , Lucht Niklas , Hankiewicz Birgit , Schilling Meinhard , Ludwig Frank
Published: September 2019

This paper investigates the dynamic ac susceptibility (ACS) and the Brownian relaxation time of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in dc magnetic fields with arbitrary orientations with respect to the ac magnetic field. A CoFe2O4 MNP sample, dominated by Brownian relaxation, is used to perform ACS measurements in an ac magnetic field with a constant amplitude of 0.2 mT (from 2 to 3000 Hz) and a superposed dc magnetic field with amplitudes ranging from 0 to 5 mT. Experimental results indicate that the ACS and Brownian relaxation time are significantly affected not only by the strength but also by the orientation of the dc magnetic field. Moreover, a mathematical model is proposed to analyze the ACS and Brownian relaxation time in dependence of the orientation of the dc magnetic field, which extends the established models parallel or perpendicular to arbitrary-oriented dc magnetic fields. Experimental results indicate that the good fitting between the experimental data (ACS and Brownian relaxation time) and the proposed models demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed model for the description of ACS and Brownian relaxation time in arbitrary-orientated ac and dc magnetic fields.
Causal stability and synchronization
Authors: Kathpalia Aditi , Nagaraj Nithin
Published: September 2019

Synchronization of chaos arises between coupled dynamical systems and is very well understood as a temporal phenomenon, which leads the coupled systems to converge or develop a dependence with time. In this work, we provide a complementary spatial perspective to this phenomenon by introducing the novel idea of causal stability. We then propose and prove a causal stability synchronization theorem as a necessary and sufficient condition for complete synchronization. We also provide an empirical criterion to identify synchronizing variables in coupled identical chaotic dynamical systems based on intrasystem causal influences estimated using time series data of the driving system alone. For this, a recently proposed measure, Compression-Complexity Causality (CCC), is used. The sign and magnitude of the estimated CCC value capture the nature of dynamical influences from each variable to rest of the subsystem and are thus able to determine whether or not the variable, when used to couple another system, will drive that system to synchronization.
Zero-phase propagation in realistic plate-type acoustic metamaterials
Authors: Malléjac M. , Merkel A. , Sánchez-Dehesa J. , Christensen J. , Tournat V. , Groby J.-P. , Romero-García V.
Published: September 2019

We theoretically, numerically, and experimentally analyze the Density-Near-Zero (DNZ) regime of a one-dimensional acoustic metamaterial. This acoustic metamaterial is composed of thin elastic plates periodically clamped in an air-filled waveguide, and the effective dynamic zero mass density is obtained from the strong dispersion around the bandgaps associated with the resonances of the plates. We emphasize the importance of the impedance mismatch between the acoustic metamaterial and the surrounding waveguide at the frequency of the zero effective density in addition to the consequences of the inherent losses. As a result, the frequency of the zero phase propagation, i.e., the acoustic propagation with zero phase delay, is not exactly the frequency of the zero density and lies in the frequency bandgap where the effective density is negative. Considering these limitations, the zero phase propagation is still experimentally observed and a subwavelength acoustic dipole is numerically designed, thus demonstrating the possible realistic implementations of DNZ acoustic metamaterials.
An investigation of surficial conduction heat loss in perfectly aligned micro-wire array
Authors: Seo Min-Ho , Park Jae-Hyeon , Choi Kwang-Wook , Jo Min-Seung , Yoon Jun-Bo
Published: September 2019

Recently, geometrical effects in micro-/nanomaterials have gained great attention of researchers in diverse scientific and engineering fields because unique physical properties can be achieved not only by the micro-/nanosize effects of materials but also by adjustment of the geometrical parameters. In this work, we investigated heat-transfer in a perfectly aligned microwire array structure. When the structure has a very narrow gap (g) between the wires, which is less than twice the mean free path of an ambient medium (g < 2λmedium), there is a significant suppression of conduction heat-loss due to the reduction of the “molecular diffusion,” resulting in the improved power-efficiency in joule-heating characteristics. To clearly understand the suppressed conduction heat-loss with regard to the gap reduction, we performed analytical calculation and finite-element-method (FEM) simulation. To experimentally investigate the phenomenon, we develop a setup that is a combination of a microstructure having various gaps and an air-pressure controllable chamber. Through the experiment, we verified that a remarkable improvement of joule-heating operation can be achieved with the structure having very small gaps (g < 2λmedium) due to the suppression of conduction heat-loss.
De la curiosidad como burla a la burla de la curiosidad
Authors: Marigno Vázquez Emmanuel
Published: September 2019

This article deals with the practice of the “burla” in the court of Austrias (1563–1700) in
connection with beings suffering from physical or psychic defects.

The study concerns the artistic and mental representations of these “monstrous” beings in some paintings of the
Golden century.

The figures of the dwarf, the madman and the jester in particular are studied here.

This question was approached especially by an esthetic point of view, we propose here an ethical, philosophic and
political prospect, on this question of the “burla” in connection with the monstrousness.
Fall armyworm (
Spodoptera frugiperda
) management by smallholders.
Authors: Hruska A. J.
Published: September 2019

The fall armyworm (FAW) (
Spodoptera frugiperda
) is a crop pest species that has become global, having spread from its native American distribution to Africa and Asia since 2016. Its rapid spread, plus concerns about potential yield losses, have led to the search for sustainable management options. While most farmers affected by FAW in America have large-scale farm operations, the overwhelming majority of farmers in Africa and Asia are smallholders. This dramatically different context means that different management approaches must be sought Large-scale producers with high-productivity, access to international market prices, risk-transfer mechanisms and the benefits of government subsidies are able to use technologies unavailable to smallholder farmers without access to those conditions. This review examines these differences and surveys the literature for accessible management options for smallholders, largely based on locally available solutions using ecological knowledge. Innovative digital solutions may also play a role in helping farmers learn about these solutions, and share them locally.
Material modelling for dynamic strain ageing phenomenon of alloy 20MnMoNi55
Authors: Jana Mrinmoy , Dhar Sankar , Acharyya Sanjib Kumar , Chattopadhyay Jayanta
Published: September 2019

Dynamic strain ageing (DSA) is observed in the tensile behaviour of 20MnMoNi55. The DSA phenomenon contributes extra hardening for a certain combination of straining rate and temperature. At temperature ranging from 200°C to 400°C and a straining rate of 10−4–10−2 s−1, alloy 20MnMoNi55 exhibits DSA. In the present work, DSA stresses are calibrated as a function of strain, strain-rate and temperature. Modification of the Johnson–Cook material model by incorporating DSA has been attempted. The modified flow stress model is used in finite element computation to simulate the material behaviour for a wide range of temperature and strain-rates including the DSA regime. The simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Risk Factors for Stalking Recidivism in a Dutch Community Forensic Mental Health Sample
Authors: McEwan Troy E. , Harder Lianne , Brandt Cleo , de Vogel Vivienne
Published: September 2019

There are few studies of stalking recidivism and none examining risk factors for recidivistic stalking of the same victim versus a different victim. Data from 70 clients of Dutch community forensic mental health clinics was used to investigate the prevalence of stalking recidivism, risk factors, and any potential protective effect of psychological treatment. Over 50% were again reported to police for stalking over two years, including 21% who stalked a new victim. No risk factors were significantly related to future stalking and psychological treatment was unrelated to recidivism. Possible explanations for these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
Primary prostate cancer educates bone stroma through exosomal pyruvate kinase M2 to promote bone metastasis
Authors: Dai Jinlu , Escara-Wilke June , Keller Jill M. , Jung Younghun , Taichman Russell S. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Keller Evan T.
Published: September 2019

Prostate cancer (PCa) metastasizes selectively to bone through unknown mechanisms. In the current study, we identified exosome-mediated transfer of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) from PCa cells into bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) as a novel mechanism through which primary tumor-derived exosomes promote premetastatic niche formation. We found that PKM2 up-regulates BMSC CXCL12 production in a HIF-1α-dependent fashion, which subsequently enhances PCa seeding and growth in the bone marrow. Furthermore, serum-derived exosomes from patients with either primary PCa or PCa metastasis, as opposed to healthy men, reveal that increased exosome PKM2 expression is associated with metastasis, suggesting clinical relevance of exosome PKM2 in PCa. Targeting the exosome-induced CXCL12 axis diminished exosome-mediated bone metastasis. In summary, primary PCa cells educate the bone marrow to create a premetastatic niche through primary PCa exosome-mediated transfer of PKM2 into BMSCs and subsequent up-regulation of CXCL12. This novel mechanism indicates the potential for exosome PKM2 as a biomarker and suggests therapeutic targets for PCa bone metastasis.
Electronic structure of YbB6 dependent on onsite Coulomb interaction U and internal parameter of B atom*
Authors: Wang Hong-Bin , Zhang Li , Duan Jie
Published: September 2019

Using first-principles calculations in the generalized gradient approximation plus on-site Coulomb interaction (GGA+U) scheme, the effects of internal structural parameters x and U on the electronic structure of YbB6 are investigated. The results show that the band gap of YbB6 increases with x increasing, and does not change with U. It not only illustrates the influence of internal structural parameter x on band gap, but also explains the discrepancy between the previous experimental result and the theoretical prediction. In addition, the electronic structure and density of states reveal that there exist the interactions between B atoms in different cages, and that a small band gap can form around the Fermi level (E
F). The present work plays a leading role in ascertaining the relation between crystal structure and electronic property for the further analysis of its topological properties.
A coupled-channel lattice study of the resonance-like structure Zc(3900) *
Authors: Chen Ting , Chen Ying , Gong Ming , Liu Chuan , Liu Liuming , Liu Yu-Bin , Liu Zhaofeng , Ma Jian-Ping , Werner Markus , Zhang Jian-Bo
Published: September 2019

In this exploratory study, near-threshold scattering of D and

meson is investigated using lattice QCD with

twisted mass fermion configurations. The calculation is performed in the coupled-channel Lüscher finite-size formalism. The study focuses on the channel with

where the resonance-like structure

was discovered. We first identify the two most relevant channels and the lattice study is performed in the two-channel scattering model. Combined with the two-channel Ross-Shaw theory, scattering parameters are extracted from the energy levels by solving the generalized eigenvalue problem. Our results for the scattering length parameters suggest that for the particular lattice parameters that we studied, the best fit parameters do not correspond to the peak in the elastic scattering cross-section near the threshold. Furthermore, in the zero-range Ross-Shaw theory, the scenario of a narrow resonance close to the threshold is disfavored beyond the 3

level.
Prediction of the cross-sections of isotopes produced in deuteron-induced spallation of long-lived fission products *
Authors: Yang Guanming , Xu Suyang , Jin Mengting , Su Jun
Published: September 2019

The spallation cross-section data for the long-lived fission products (LLFPs) are scarce but required for the design of accelerator driven systems. In this paper, the isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics model and the statistical code GEMINI are applied to simulate deuteron-induced spallation in the energy region of GeV/nucleon. By comparing the calculations with the experimental data, the applicability of the model is verified. The model is then applied to simulate the spallation of 90Sr, 93Zr, 107Pd, and 137Cs induced by deuterons at 200, 500 and 1000 MeV/nucleon. The cross-sections of isotopes, the cross-sections of long-lived nuclei, and the reaction energy are presented. Using the above observables, the feasibility of LLFP transmutation by spallation is discussed.
Structure and reaction dynamics of SHE Z = 130 *
Authors: Swain R.R. , Sahu B. B.
Published: September 2019

This study investigates the structural properties of super-heavy nuclei with Z = 130 by adopting the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory within an axially deformed oscillator basis with the NL3 force parameter set. We study the binding energies, quadrupole deformation, nuclear radii, neutron separation energies, and other bulk properties. Moreover, we analyze the favorable decay modes for clear cognitive content of nuclei, such as alpha decay, using different formulae including the Viola-Seaberg, analytical formula of Royer, universal curve formula, and universal decay law. We compare these with the corresponding fission process. The spontaneous fission of super-heavy nuclei is studied with

within the mass region

. The results exhibit good agreement with finite range droplet model (FRDM) data. This formalism presents a significant step forward in the study of the structure and decay modes of the isotopes of Z = 130. With this appraisal, we investigate the possible shell/sub-shell closure for super-heavy nuclei adjacent by decay chains of alpha and other radioactive decay particles.
Exact recession velocity and cosmic redshift based on cosmological principle and Yang-Mills gravity *
Authors: Hsu Leonardo , Hsu Jong-Ping
Published: September 2019

Based on the cosmological principle and quantum Yang-Mills gravity in the super-macroscopic limit, we obtain an exact recession velocity and cosmic redshift z, as measured in an inertial frame

For a matter-dominated universe, we have the effective cosmic metric tensor

, where

has the operational meaning of time in

frame. We assume a cosmic action

involving

and derive the ‘Okubo equation’ of motion,

, for a distant galaxy with mass

. This cosmic equation predicts an exact recession velocity,

, where

and

, as observed in the inertial frame

. For small velocities, we have the usual Hubble's law

for recession velocities. Following the formulation of the accelerated Wu-Doppler effect, we investigate cosmic redshifts z as measured in

. It is natural to assume the massless Okubo equation,

, for light emitted from accelerated distant galaxies. Based on the principle of limiting continuation of physical laws, we obtain a transformation for covariant wave 4-vectors between and inertial and an accelerated frame, and predict a relationship for the exact recession velocity and cosmic redshift,

, where

, as observed in the inertial frame

. These predictions of the cosmic model are consistent with experiments for small velocities and should be further tested.
Thermodynamics and weak cosmic censorship conjecture of BTZ black holes in extended phase space *
Authors: Zeng Xiao-Xiong , Han Yi-Wen , Chen De-You
Published: September 2019

As a charged fermion drops into a BTZ black hole, the laws of thermodynamics and the weak cosmic censorship conjecture are investigated in both the normal and extended phase space, where the cosmological parameter and renormalization length are regarded as extensive quantities. In the normal phase space, the first and second law of thermodynamics, and the weak cosmic censorship are found to be valid. In the extended phase space, although the first law and weak cosmic censorship conjecture remain valid, the second law is dependent on the variation of the renormalization energy dK. Moreover, in the extended phase space, the configurations of extremal and near-extremal black holes are not changed, as they are stable, while in the normal phase space, the extremal and near-extremal black holes evolve into non-extremal black holes.
Documenting the collections of the Botanical Garden of the Saint Petersburg Forest Technical University for the purpose of international standardization of education
Authors: Adonina N , Baranova A
Published: September 2019

Abstracts. The Botanical Garden of the Saint Petersburg Forest Technical University was established in 1827. It is one of the oldest botanical gardens in Russia. It is also the first botanical garden in the country, which was created for educational purposes. The collection of woody plants includes over 1600 taxonomic units, about 4000 open-field flower crops, some 1300 tropical and subtropical plants. Cataloging of the collection since 2018 is based on modern classifications based on molecular studies (APG, PPG, etc.). This internationally recognized plant classification approach is necessary to organize collections, publications, and enhance standardization of the university education.
Adaptability of Pinus sylvestris L. to various environmental conditions
Authors: Galdina T , Khazova E
Published: September 2019

Comparative anatomical studies conducted in provenance trial plantations and natural pine forests to study the anatomy of the needles and identify anatomical variability have helped to obtain the data on the formation peculiarities of vegetative shoot organs, on the variability and persistence of structural features, ways of adaptive evolution. Studies of Scots pine provenance trial plantations from the zone of deciduous forests, southern forest-steppe and dry steppe have made it possible to note that morphological and anatomical structure of the needles changes to local ecotypes. Thus, structural adaptation of assimilation apparatus to new growing conditions occurs. It determines the productivity and stability of tree stands, the duration and intensity of growth of all plant organs in general.
The condition of landscape felling and its perspectives in protective forests
Authors: Gibadullin N F , Musin Kh G , Mukhametshina G R , Minnihanov A R , Khalilov I I
Published: September 2019

Conducted variations of landscape felling in conditions of increased recreational load are new and optimal. They bring more improved concepts to the theory and practices of landscape felling. The developed variations of landscape felling in protective forests are suitable in stands of natural and woodland parks.
The restoration of the Far Eastern forests in modern conditions and their effective use
Authors: Gul L P , Krupskaya L T , Golubev D A , Yu Filatova M , Kolobanov K A
Published: September 2019

The article summarizes the multi-year results of research of the Far Eastern forests restoration problem and their effective use in the present-day conditions. The forests of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia are of great economic, social and ecological importance. At the end of the XX century intensive forest use with predominance of continuous concentrated felling in multi-forest areas of the region, wood fires, development of mineral deposits led to depletion of forests, reduction of their qualitative composition and productivity. In addition, natural regeneration of cutover stands does not always ensure their afforestation. It can occur slowly with the change of economically valuable conifers and hardwoods by soft-leaved, undesirable trees and bushes. Therefore, one of the main tasks in forest reproduction is timely and high-quality reforestation, including artificial forest regeneration using innovative technologies. In this regard, the aim of the research is to develop the scientific bases of reforestation in the Far Eastern forests under modern conditions to develop innovative proposals for improving their state.
About technology of risk management in forestry
Authors: Istomin E , Petrov Y , Stepanov S , Kolbina O , Sidorenko A
Published: September 2019

The article investigates risk management components and specific industry risks of forest management. The risk management model is offered in forestry on the basis of the managed parameter.