bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hans Kelsens „Reine Rechtslehre“ in der Ersten Republik
Authors: Techet Péter
Published: January 2023

Hans Kelsen ist einer der bekanntesten Rechtstheoretiker des 20. Jahrhunderts. Seine Rechtslehre lässt sich durchaus als Denkprodukt des habsburgischen Vielvölkerstaates und der Wiener Moderne verstehen: Das Habsburgerreich wurde als Rechtseinheit zusammengehalten, dieses formalistisch-legalistische Rechts- und Staatskonzept fand seinen theoretischen Ausdruck in der „Reinen Rechtslehre“, welche das Recht als Funktion beschreibt bzw. die Rechtsordnung mit dem Staat gleichsetzt. Auch die Erste Republik stellt einen wichtigen historischen Kontext für die „Reine Rechtslehre“ dar. Die politischen, sozialen, kulturellen Konflikte des damaligen Österreich wurden sehr oft durch den Verfassungsgerichtshof entschieden, dessen Mitglieder Kelsen war. Kelsen prägte die Judikatur mit seiner Theorie über die Gleichsetzung von Rechtsanwendung und Rechtssetzung, womit er eine aktivistische, politische Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit begründen konnte. Im Aufsatz werden Kelsens rechtstheoretisches Werk und Arbeit als Verfassungsrichter als Reflexion seiner Zeit analysiert.
Cinéma national ou international ? Le débat franco-allemand sur le film parlant européen à travers la presse et les versions multiples (1928-1932)
Authors: Adorno Maria
Published: January 2023

Vers la fin des années 1920, lorsque les pays européens sont en train de se remettre de la guerre, une véritable révolution bouleverse le délicat équilibre du cinéma : la généralisation du film sonore. Le pouvoir médiatique intrinsèque aux talkies attire l’intérêt des gouvernements, et l’objet filmique en vient ainsi à être instrumentalisé au service de la propagande nationale de chaque pays. Cet article interroge les liens entre le discours démocratique et l’univers du cinéma à travers une étude franco-allemande de la presse de cinéma. Nous montrons l’évolution chronologique du débat de 1928 à 1932, tout en soulignant le rôle joué par le phénomène transculturel des « versions multiples », qui arrivent à passer les frontières nationales à travers une apparente démocratisation de la pensée filmique.
Le combat des « jeunes conservateurs » contre la République de Weimar
Authors: Grunewald Michel
Published: January 2023

Les « jeunes conservateurs » allemands tels Moeller van den Bruck (1876-1925) ou Edgar Julius Jung (1894-1934) formèrent dès le début des années 1920 une « opposition fondamentale » à la jeune république née après la défaite du Reich wilhelmien. Hostiles à toutes formes de partis, organisés souvent en « clubs », soutenus par les milieux d’affaires et les anciennes élites, ils déployèrent à travers leur presse et leurs manifestes une idéologie qu’on peut résumer à trois aspects principaux : leur refus radical du libéralisme et de tout État démocratique, leur combat pour instaurer un État autoritaire et leur option pour une économie corporatiste, autogérée et dont un État stratège exercerait la tutelle. Comme toutes les forces de droite qui avaient espéré s’allier à Hitler, à partir de 1934, les « jeunes conservateurs » furent placés devant une alternative très simple : s’intégrer au nouveau Reich ou se taire.
Literaturgeschichte als Hypertext: Florian Illies’ 1913 und David Wellberys A New History of German Literature zwischen Netzwerk und Chronik
Authors: Slickers Carolin
Published: January 2023

Florian Illies’ 1913 und die von David E. Wellbery herausgegebene Literaturgeschichte A New History of German Literature sind Werke, die in sich die Formen von Chronik und Netzwerk kombinieren. Die Analyse dieser Texte soll vor dem Hintergrund einer Diskussion um Leitmetaphoriken, Darstellungsweisen und Konzepte der Literaturgeschichte stehen. Die Texte verfolgen drei zentrale Strategien, um sich von konventionellen Konzepten der Literaturgeschichtsschreibung abzusetzen: Nutzung der Chronik als Grundform des Historischen, eine Abkehr von Meta-Narrativen und von sequentiellen Erzählweisen sowie das Spiel mit Anekdoten und Netzwerken als textuelle wie literaturhistoriografische Leitbilder.
(U)topische Literaturgeschichten von Vilém Flusser und Thomas Bernhard
Authors: Iakovets Anna
Published: January 2023

Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden zweierlei Ziele verfolgt: Erstens, die Logik der Repräsentation aufzudecken, die der traditionellen Literaturgeschichtsschreibung zugrunde liegt und die Literatur als Reflexion der nationalen Identität auf dem Wege zu sich selbst und zu einem komplexeren bzw. genaueren Verständnis einer Epoche auffasst; zweitens, darzulegen, wie die Repräsentationslogik von der Illusion der Transzendenz als Loslösung von dem tatsächlichen Ursprungsort begleitet ist. Diesen Zielen wird in der Auseinandersetzung mit Vilém Flusser und Thomas Bernhard nachgegangen, den beiden Autoren, die den Geist der postnationalen Welt am genauesten verstanden haben. Flusser führt in seinen Essays vor, wie eng der übernational anmutende Kanon der Literatur und die Literaturgeschichtsschreibung miteinander verbunden sind. Er interpretiert das Verhältnis zwischen Territorium und Texten durch Bezug auf den Begriff Kitsch neu und bietet damit ein literaturgeschichtliches Modell an, in dem eine Beziehung zum Territorium für eine unüberwindbare Differenz steht. Auch für Bernhard steht das Verhältnis zwischen der ortlosen Universalität und der ortgebundenen Partikularität, den Welt- und Nationalliteraturgeschichten im Mittelpunkt seines späteren Schreibens. Indem er die Handlung des Romans Auslöschung in der Weltstadt Rom situiert, nimmt er Robert Menasses These vorweg, die österreichische Literatur werde als eine Weltliteratur konstruiert. Bernhard führt seinen Leserinnen und Lesern vor Augen, wie das Zustandekommen der Phantasie über kosmopolitische Weltliteratur voraussetzt, dass man über das unbewusste Nachleben der nationalen Vergangenheit in literarischen Werken hinwegsieht.
Nerval lecteur – les lecteurs de Nerval. Le sonnet « Delfica » et Goethe dans le système de coordonnées de la poésie française
Authors: Woll Michael
Published: January 2023

Lorsque l’on cherche à classer Gérard de Nerval (1808-1855) dans l’histoire littéraire européenne, on est confronté à une sorte d’image qui se renverse. Pour les études germaniques, il n’est souvent que le traducteur de Goethe, tandis que dans le contexte de la poésie française, il est considéré comme précurseur de Baudelaire. L’interprétation du sonnet de Nerval « Delfica » montre que l’auteur fait non seulement se rejoindre les deux perspectives, mais qu’il les intègre également dans ses poèmes sous la forme d’une réflexion sur l’histoire. Analyser le rôle de Goethe dans la recherche sur Nerval permet ainsi non seulement de livrer une contribution aux études de philologies comparées, mais peut aussi aider à préciser l’interprétation du poème.
Nationale Literaturgeschichte und europäischer Einfluss. Zur Flussmetapher in Cäsar Flaischlens Graphischer Litteratur-Tafel (1890)
Authors: Kunkel Nico
Published: January 2023

„Die vorliegende Arbeit soll zunächst nur ein Versuch sein: wie der Titel besagt, die Geschichte unsrer deutschen Litteratur und den Einfluß fremder Litteraturen auf ihren Verlauf, vom Beginn einer schriftlichen Ueberlieferung an, durch graphische Darstellung übersichtlich zu machen.“ Mit dieser Erklärung beginnt die Einleitung zu Cäsar Flaischlens Graphischer Litteratur-Tafel aus dem Jahr 1890. Die Abbildung, die die deutsche Literatur von 750 bis 1890 in Form eines Flussdiagramms darstellt, zeigt Spuren der Nationalphilologie des 19. Jahrhunderts und steht zugleich für eine Frühkomparatistik, die das Verhältnis verschiedener Literaturen als Einflussgeschichte (re-)konstruiert.Mit dem Fluss setzt die Litteratur-Tafel auf ein Bild, das sie sowohl als Diagramm in der Visualisierung als auch als Metapher in der zugehörigen Einleitung nutzt, um die Geschichte der deutschen Literatur nicht in Abgrenzung, sondern in Verbindung zu anderen (europäischen) Literaturen zu zeichnen. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich den literaturhistoriographischen Vorentscheidungen der Tafel und zeigt auf, wie ausgeprägt die Doppelfunktion der Flussmetapher als Visualisierungsform und Denkfigur in der Arbeit Flaischlens ist.
Moving Towards Equity
Authors: Rice Matthew D.
Published: January 2023

Two Spirit, transgender, intersex, non-binary, and gender non-conforming (2STING) teachers face significant additional stress in their careers. Research shows intolerable conditions for many teachers, even those in states with long-standing anti-discrimination policies in place. Educators reported experiencing harassment at work, hostile colleagues, hostile families, and doxing and social media bullying. Twenty-five percent of participants interviewed for a recent study had left their careers in education within a month of the study completion. Transgender and gender-diverse educators reported shocking rates of non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. All learning communities must change the culture surrounding these issues to help keep our LGB and 2STING educators and students alive.
Strategies for Achieving Equity-Based Education
Authors: Sibanda Lwazi
Published: January 2023

This chapter focuses on strategies for achieving equity-based education. The concept of equity-based education has been examined. Factors that influence equity in education which include funding, access to high-level curriculum, teacher quality and discipline have been discussed. The discussion revealed that funding is a distinct indicator of equity in education, hence, establishing sustainable partnerships between the government and other potential funders is advisable. The chapter also revealed numerous equity strategies such as free and compulsory primary and secondary education for children, providing access to excluded groups of learners, improving the quality of teaching, adopting various forms of assessment strategies, increasing resource allocation, creating equitable learning environments, and creating an equity framework. The chapter suggests solutions and recommendations, and provides future research directions. Finally, conclusion is drawn from the arguments posed by literature observations.
Characteristic of Bolt and Nut Pressure Switch of Cessna Caravan Type 208B
Authors: Suroso Indreswari , Wicaksono Dhimas
Published: January 2023

Aircraft components have different functions and characteristics, for example, the bolt and nut pressure switch of Cessna Grand Caravan 208B, which functions to determine the pressure of oil and fuel flowing. At the end of the bolt and nut, there is a small hole to press the sensor in the component, then the result of the pressure will be converted to the system and sent to the indicator located in the cockpit, so the pilot sees the actual in the cockpit. The purpose in this research was to determine the characteristics of the bolt and nut pressure switch. This study used chemical composition, Vickers hardness, and metallographic testing methods. The test results of the chemical composition of bolt and nut on the pressure switch of Cessna Grand Caravan 208B, show that the elements, iron (Fe) = 67.58% and chromium (Cr) = 17.04%, are the dominant elements, therefore it is included as an alloying element of Fe-Cr. The test an average hardness value of 254.64 VHN. These values were obtained from the total percentage of iron 67.58% and chromium 17.04%. Chromium (Cr) is an element that can increase the hardness of carbon steel and increase corrosion resistance. Therefore, the hardness of the bolt and nut pressure switch of Cessna Grand Caravan 208B is high due to the addition of Cr which help the main element, Fe, properties. The novelty of this study is the dominant presence of chromium, so the properties of this material are hard, heat resistant, and corrosion resistant
Transient Thermal and Structural Analysis of Indian Two-Wheeler Disc Brakes
Authors: Gaikwad Adwait , Babar Soham , Bhat Ayush , Rane Milind , Bade Sakshi
Published: January 2023

Brakes have huge importance on a bike with regards to safety. Proper structural sturdiness and superior heat dissipating capabilities provide better performance while braking and longevity to the system. Transient thermal and structural analysis of four Indian two-wheeler disc brakes is completed by using ANSYS 2021 R2 student version software. The comparison results provide comprehensive insight into the thermal and structural characteristics of all four-disc rotors used in the industry. A comparative conclusion with respect to performance of each disc rotor in the respective components of the analysis like, temperature, heat-flux, total deformation and equivalent stress analysis is presented in this paper.
CFD Modeling of Waste Heat Recovery System to Dry Sand Mold at G-7 Trading and Industry PLC, Ethiopia
Authors: Mesfin Natnael , Ali Irfan , Ekanthaiah Prathibha , Gupta Neeraj Kumar , Kumbha Satyanarayana , Srivastava Ankit Kumar , Saxena Swasti
Published: January 2023

As the energy crisis's impact spreads, energy consumption has emerged as the fundamental impediment to industry's long-term viability. Utilizing and recovering various sources of waste heat can considerably reduce an organization's energy use. Energy conservation is crucial not just for fuel use, but also for the conservation and protection of the global ecosystem. As a result, it is necessary to make a concerted effort to save energy generated by waste heat. This paper aims to develop flue gas as a substitute for wood burning for drying mold at foundry shop of G-7 trading and industrial PLC. Flue gas temperature and velocity were measured at various locations throughout this study, and an analytical computation was done on the flue gas supply system and mold drying chamber. To show what happens within the hot flue gas supply duct and mould drying chamber, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ansys software was used. The business benefits by eliminating the usage of wood as a fuel and making the process more cost-effective and environmentally friendly by capturing hot flue gas from the top section of the furnace or chimney and supplying it through duct to the drying chamber to dry the mold. As a result, the negative impact of deforestation will be mitigated, and a favorable working environment will be established.
Effect of Early Yoga Practice on Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Kashyap Manshi , Rai Nirendra K. , Singh Ruchi , Joshi Ankur , Rozatkar Abhijit R. , Kashyap Priyanka V. , Mishra Shweta , Mudda Sofia
Published: January 2023

Background:

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a clinical entity that encompasses all types of cognitive impairment following an index stroke. Yoga has been proven to have a beneficial effect not only on cardiovascular risk factors but also on cognition. Hence, this study explored the PSCI spectrum and assessed the effect of yoga on PSCI.

Methods:

Forty stroke patients were enrolled in each yoga and control arm in this study. After the baseline assessment, control arm was administered standard care (including physiotherapy) while yoga arm received additional yoga intervention. Change in MoCA scores by 2 points in either direction, or FAB scale by 2 points at 6 months was taken as primary outcome, whereas improvement in MRS, CDPSS, CBS, and P300 values were considered as secondary outcomes.

Results:

Significant improvements were observed in MoCA, FAB, MRS, CPDSS, and CBS scores in both groups after 6 months. However, intergroup comparisons revealed better MoCA (25.5, IQR 22-27) and FAB scores (15.5, IQR 14-17) in yoga group compared to controls (24, IQR20-25.75) and (14, IQR12-15.75). Equivalent improvement was observed in MRS and CBS scores in both groups at 6 months; however, CDPSS score was better in yoga group (p = 0.0008). Both P300 amplitudes and latencies improved in all patients and median P300 amplitudes were significantly better in control group; however, no difference could be appreciated in P300 latencies improvement on intergroup comparisons at follow-up.

Conclusion:

Study reveals that early yoga intervention in stroke survivors leads to better improvement in cognitive abilities which would further facilitate in early reduction of caregiver burden.
Ultrasound-Guided Treatment of Meralgia Paresthetica
Authors: Palamar Deniz , Terlemez Rana , Misirlioglu Tugce Ozekli , Aydın Filiz Yildiz , Akgun Kenan
Published: January 2023

Background:

Blockade of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) with local anesthetic (LA) has therapeutic role as well as diagnostic value for meralgia paresthetica (MP). The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided LA and LA + CS injections in the treatment of MP.

Methods:

This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled study. Thirty-two patients were evaluated clinically, and electrophysiologically and diagnosed as MP by diagnostic block. They were randomly assigned to two groups and all patients completed the study. The first group (n = 17) received 2 mL of lidocaine 2%+1 mL of betamethasone, while the second group (n = 15) received 2 mL of lidocaine 2% + 1 mL saline solution.

Results:

No statistically significant difference was detected between the groups in numeric rating scale (NRS) values. In both groups, NRS values were significantly decreased after the injection that confirms the diagnosis of MP. The improvement continued on the following weeks in both groups. At the 4th week, the NRS value reached to 2.47 in the CS group and reached to 3.13 in the LA group.

Conclusions:

Both CS and LA injections for the treatment of MP were found to be clinically effective and both may be therapeutic options. In intractable cases, once the nerve block is applied with or without CS, well-being can be achieved by keeping the patient away from the triggering factors. To provide effective and isolated injection of LFCN, that may have frequent anatomical variations, ultrasonography guidance could be suggested.
Urinary Flow Rates in Anterior Hypospadias
Authors: Sharma Shyamendra Pratap , Chowdhary Sarita , Kumar Rakesh , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Sharma S P , Panigrahi Pranay
Published: January 2023

Context:

Hypospadias is a common urological anomaly which could be surgically corrected with good cosmetic results.

Aims:

We aimed to detect changes in urinary flow parameters both before and after tubularised incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) using uroflowmetry.

Settings and Design:

Data collected were clinically implemented hypothesising the probability of urethrocutaneous fistula following stricture with Qmax variation.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a prospective analysis done from December 2017 to October 2019. A total of 104 cases of anterior hypospadias were included in the study. A single surgical unit did TIPU. Pre-operative and post-operative uroflowmetry was done, and Qmax was recorded at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after surgery. Mean Qmax was calculated for all intervals. A significant decrease in Qmax of a child (<2 standard deviation) was ascertained. Urethral calibration was done in those cases with a significant decrease of Qmax and analysed statistically.

Results:

The mean age was 6.97 ± 2.41 years. Out of 104 children, 73 (70.2%) and 31 (29.8%) had distal and mid-shaft hypospadias, respectively. The pre-operative mean Qmax of the population was 6.20 ± 0.42 ml/s. Arithmetic mean Qmax at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year was 8.53 ± 0.42, 11.18 ± 0.47 and 13.71 ± 0.44 ml/s, respectively. On comparing the pre-operative with post-operative mean Qmax, a significant increase was found postoperatively (P < 0.0001). Twenty-four patients had significantly decreased Qmax value after 6 months. In these patients, follow-up urethral dilation was done with significant improvement.

Conclusion:

The changes in maximum flow rate (Qmax) are suitable for use in routine follow-up. A significant decrease in Qmax over time indicates the onset of urethral stricture. These cases are to be intervened before venturing to redo urethroplasty.
Peritonitis by Perforation of the Gall Bladder of Typhoid Origin in Children
Authors: Nandiolo Kone Rose , Lohourou Franck Grah , Celestin Benié Adoubs , Traoré Ibrahim , Kpangni Jean Bertrand Ahua
Published: January 2023

Peritonitis by perforation of the gall bladder of typhic origin is a rare condition. In Côte d’Ivoire, no studies to our knowledge have addressed the vesicular complications of typhoid fever in children. The aim of this work was to describe the epidemic-clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of the perforation of the gall bladder of typhic origin in subjects under 15 years of age. In 6 years, five children showed a vesicular perforation of typhic origin or 9.4% of peritonites of typhic origin. They were 5 boys with an average age of 07.4 years 5–11 years. The children were from low socioeconomic backgrounds. No history was noted. Clinical examination revealed peritoneal syndrome. X-ray of the abdomen without preparation carried out in all children had objectified a diffuse greyness. Leucocytosis was present in all cases. Treatment in all children initially consisted of resuscitation and antibiotic therapy with the 3rd generation cephalosporin and an imidazole. Surgical exploration revealed gangrene and perforated gallbladder without damage to other organs or the presence of stones. A cholecystectomy was performed. The following procedures were simple in 4 patients. A patient died of sepsis following postoperative peritonitis by biliary fistula. Perforation of the gall bladder of typhic origin is rare in children. It is usually discovered at the stage of peritonitis. The treatment combines antibiotic therapy and cholecystectomy. Systematic screening should reduce the progression to this complication.
Social stigma and discrimination faced by COVID-19 patients in an industrial unit: Findings of survey from rural Maharashtra
Authors: Singh Sumeet , Koundinya Kunal , Bobdey Saurabh , Teli Prabhakar , Yadav Arun K. , Kaushik Sushil Kumar
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Uncertain situation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to fear, stigma, and discrimination across all strata of society in varying proportions. Stigmatization increases the suffering of people or those who are at risk of getting the disease and make it harder for public health authorities to control the disease.

Material and Methods:

The present study is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey conducted over a period of four weeks in the month of July 2021 in a food industry in rural region of western Maharashtra among COVID-19 positive patients. A total of 152 participants were included in the study. The data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 20). Descriptive statistics were used which included frequencies and percentages.

Results:

64.5% of the participants were males and 35.5% were females. Approx. 85% of the participants were in age group 15-58 years. 100% of them reported to have faced fear on being tested COVID-19 positive. However, only approx. 2-5% individuals hid their illness from family and friends and 7.9% of them were afraid of getting hospitalized.

Conclusion:

It was found that fear was prevalent among all survivors but stigma was found to be minimal which is likely due to widespread awareness through media, IEC campaigns, and active involvement of administration in implementing policies.
Myocardial Tissue Characterization by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance: A Primer for the Clinician
Authors: Gowda Suraj , Kothari Richa Jayesh , Raj Vimal
Published: January 2023

Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of cardiac conditions. Over the last three decades, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has established itself as a promising imaging tool in the assessment of patients with various cardiac ailments. CMR is now being considered as a one-stop-shop diagnostic test because of its ability to comprehensively assess the heart. The greatest strength of CMR is its ability to characterize the myocardium noninvasively aiding in the diagnosis of patients. Despite its growing use worldwide, the adoption of the modality in India has been relatively slow. One major reason for this is the lack of expertise and resources to perform CMR. Another reason for the slow adoption of CMR in India is the limited understanding of practicing clinicians on how the modality works and what the various clinical applications of CMR are. In this review, we aimed to address these shortcomings by outlining some basics of CMR and its utility in day-to-day practice with a special focus on myocardial tissue characterization.
Prevalence of Obesity among Children and Adolescents in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlEnazi Shooq , AlAjlan Raghad , AlKhalaf Hamad , Abolfotouh Mostafa , Alharbi Omar , Alfawaz Rasha , Aldebasi Bader , Alghnam Suliman
Published: January 2023

Background:

Childhood obesity has increased in Saudi Arabia over the past few decades. However, a representative burden of obesity remains unclear, as most studies had relied on small samples and/or used international growth references, which may have resulted in over-or underestimations of prevalence.

Objective:

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia using the Saudi growth chart.

Methods:

This population-based retrospective study included children and adolescents aged 2–19 years who visited any facility within the National Guard Health System (5 hospitals and 24 primary care centers) across Saudi Arabia between 2016 and 2021. The Saudi growth reference for children and adolescents was used for classification. Those with body mass index ≥95thpercentile were considered as obese and ≥85thto <95thpercentile as overweight. Chi-square tests were used to compare frequencies across groups.

Results:

A total of 351,195 children and adolescents were included, of which 337,316 (96%) were Saudis. Overall, about one-fifth of the population was overweight (11.2%) or obese (9.4%). The prevalence of obesity was highest among children aged 2–6 years (12.3%), and it was higher among boys (10.4%) than girls (8.3%). In terms of region, the prevalence of obesity among Saudis was highest in the Central and Eastern regions (9.9% for both).

Conclusion:

The findings highlight an urgent need for national interventions to focus on the upstream determinants of childhood obesity and to improve healthy options for children and adolescents in terms of food and physical activities.
Investigation of the optic disc and retinal microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography in children with asthma
Authors: Karaaslan Abdulkerim , Kurtul Bengi Ece , Çakmak Ayşe İdil , El Çiğdem
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE:

To assess the optic disc and retinal microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in asthmatic children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Thirty asthmatic children (asthma group) and 30 control age- and sex-matched healthy controls (control group) were included in this cross-sectional study. The asthma group was then divided into two subgroups according to the presence of inhaled steroid use. Demographic findings were noted. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and vessel density in different sections of the retina and optic nerve head were analyzed by OCTA.

RESULTS:

RNFL thickness for temporal quadrants and flow area for outer retina levels were significantly lower in the asthma group than the control group (72.58 ± 10.99 μm vs 77.73 ± 9.73μm, P = 0.015, and 0.60 ± 0.31mm2 vs. 0.72 ± 0.31mm2, P = 0.047, respectively). However, inside disc vascular densities were significantly higher in the asthma group when compared to controls (55.16% ± 3.71% vs. 52.08% ± 3.79%, P < 0.001). Inside disc vascular densities were also significantly higher, and RNFL thickness for temporal quadrants was significantly lower in the asthmatic patients without steroid use subgroup when compared to others (P < 0.001, P = 0.012, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Lower values of temporal quadrant RNFL, and flow area for outer retina, but higher levels of inside disc vascular density seem to be associated with asthmatic children. OCTA findings in asthmatic children appear to be regardless of inhaled steroid use.
Matrix Completion via Successive Low-rank Matrix Approximation
Authors: Wang Jin , Mo Zeyao
Published: January 2023

In this paper, a successive low-rank matrix approximation algorithm is presented for the matrix completion (MC) based on hard thresholding method, which approximate the optimal low-rank matrix from rank-one matrix step by step. The algorithm enables the distance between the matrix with the observed elements and the projection on low-rank manifold to be minimum. The optimal low-rank matrix with observed elements is obtained when the distance is zero. In theory, convergence and convergent error of the new algorithm are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, some numerical experiments show that the algorithm is more effective in CPU time and precision than the orthogonal rank-one matrix pursuit(OR1MP) algorithm and the augmented Lagrange multiplier (ALM) method when the sampling rate is low.
Influence of Evaporator Inlet Air Velocity on the Thermodynamic Properties in an Automotive Air Conditioner
Authors: Abdulla S. , Ravikumar T.S. , Balaji D. , Hariram V.
Published: January 2023

An experimental work is carried out on automobile air conditioning test setup. Pure refrigerant R134a is used initially and its thermodynamic characteristics were analysed and then it is compared with the R134a CuO nanorefrigerant. The experiment is conducted by heating the cabin to a temperature of 50ºC by using electric heaters. Temperature uniformity inside the cabin is maintained and by varying the evaporator airflow rates at various compressor speeds. The difference in suction pressure between low, medium and high speed is very small. The discharge temperature of R134a at low speed Td L is 72ºC at 850 rpm, the discharge temperature at the same speed for nanoparticles is 63.7ºC and 58.3ºC. The coefficient of performance of nanorefrigerant is increased by 17% at low speed and 20% at medium speed and 34% at high speed at 1600 rpm when compared with pure R134a.
Performance Evaluation of Semi-Active Suspension for Passenger Vehicle through Skyhook, Groundhook and Hybrid Control Strategies
Authors: Moaaz Ahmad O. , Ali Ahmed S. , Ghazaly Nouby M. , Makrahy Mostafa M.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents a semi-active vehicle suspension model with four degrees of freedom. The main aim is to investigate the response of the vertical vibration of the random excitation from the road. A passive suspension system and a semi-active suspension system using three different controllers such as skyhook, groundhook and hybrid control are used to assess the suspension performance. The suspension performance parameters are the vertical acceleration, the pitch acceleration, the suspension deflection and the dynamic load of the tire. The acceleration is a measure of ride comfort while the suspension deflection and tyre load are the measures of stability. The model is simulated in MATLAB Simulink and the results for the semi-active and the passive suspensions in frequency and time responses are obtained. It is concluded that the hybrid controlled semi-active vehicle suspension system is provided improvements in the suspension performance parameters compared with skyhook and groundhook. In addition to that the hybrid, skyhook, and groundhook caused better suspension performance compared to passive suspension.
Comparative Analysis of Grid Connected Electric Vehicle
Authors: Pachauri Sachin , Chandel Aseem , Singh Janmayjai , Mishra Palak , Dwivedi Deepshikha , Chaudhary Nikhil , Mishra Vikrant
Published: January 2023

Growing need of transportation is pushing scientists towards the better option other than conventional internal combustion engines. One of the most effective ways to reduce the effects of these IC engines is the use of electric vehicle. This paper consists of a comprehensive overview on integration of electric vehicles to the grid. Vehicle to grid (V2G) technology and its effects on the grid have been depicted along with the challenges faced during the process. ULTRA, FAST, ECO and V2G modes in which the vehicles can be connected to the grid and importance of each mode in their aspects are also discussed here. All the modes combined cover the entire population’s demand regarding the charging system which is the major area of research for energy management domain.
An Overview of Performance Enhancement of Solar Assisted TEG using Phase Change Materials
Authors: Mishra Princy , Mishra Vikrant , Singh O.P. , Katiyar A.K.
Published: January 2023

At present, it is an important issue to produce electricity without pollution and safely due to environmental concerns. The solar thermoelectric generator (STEG) provides a solution to this objective of producing electricity without pollution. STEG are used to employ the solar energy and to transform it into the form of electrical energy according to Seebeck effect. However, the conversion efficiency of the existing STEG is very less and the operation of STEG is not very stable due to fluctuations in availability of solar energy. In the recent time, many researchers have worked on the augmentation of the performance of STEG. Application of phase change materials (PCMs) is one of those methods in which PCMs can work as a heat source and heat sink as per the need of the system. Also, these materials can help in making system more feasible by increasing energy concentration rate at the hot side of the thermoelectric modules. This paper presents an analytical review of the applications of phase change materials in case of solar assisted thermoelectric generators.
Effect of Material and Fin Geometry of Effectiveness of 100 CC Small Motorcycle Automobile Cylinder
Authors: Narwariya Manoj , Sonia Pankaj , Verma Vijay , Pandit Prem Prakash , Kushwah Mayaram Singh
Published: January 2023

In the case of design of a small two-wheeler, designing a cylinder and its cooling system is a big deal for engineers and researchers. To have a stable combustion in case of SI engine, the temperature at any point of cylinder can’t be raised to auto ignition temperature of the fuel. Thus, the cooling system of engine must be properly designed. When designing cylinder of two-wheeler, the choice is very limited. The fins can be an important technique for engine cooling. This paper presents a comparative study of magnesium alloy and grey cast iron (GCI) alloy as probable cylinder materials and rectangular, triangular and Trapezoidal shape as fin geometry. The solid geometry of cylinder having different types of extended surface was prepared in Solidworks and imported to ANSYS for further processing. The GCI alloy found to be better than magnesium alloy and the rectangular fin profile gave the least total heat flux.
Automatic Deceleration and Braking Research for Driverless Vehicles in Rail Transit based on Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Yang Y. , Xu X. , Liu Z.Z. , Tan Y.H. , Luo Z.
Published: January 2023

With the development of vehicle networking, driverless technology has also seen great progress. In this paper, we mainly study the automatic deceleration and braking method of driverless vehicles in rail transportation. Firstly, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology was briefly introduced. Then, based on RFID, a graded deceleration and braking scheme was designed to position driverless trains through RFID and control the deceleration of vehicles when they reach different subintervals, so that the speed of the vehicles was 0 when they reached the stopping point. The experimental results showed that the reading distance of the system met the requirements of practical use even when the transmitting frequency was small. In the simulation experiment, the system operated stably and the errors of actual speed and the target speed between different sub-intervals were small, which ensured that the vehicle stopped precisely at the stopping position. The experimental results verify that the proposed method is effective. The method can be further promoted and applied in practice.
Experimental and FEA Studies on Tensile and Flexural Characteristics of Carbon - Kevlar Hybrid Composite
Authors: Guru K. , Sathishkumar R. , John J. Godwin , Hariram V.
Published: January 2023

Experimental evaluation of tensile and flexural strength of a hybrid fiber reinforced polymer composite laminates with various stacking sequences is laborious, expensive and requires high time, energy and labor force. Computer based finite element analysis using Ansys provides an easy, inexpensive and speedy process to evaluate the various mechanical strengths of composite materials. In this study, an attempt was made to carry out the finite element analysis to evaluate the tensile and flexural strength of carbon-kevlar hybrid composite with different stacking sequences using Ansys. The experimental validation for best stacking sequence has also been conducted. The analysis results showed that, the sample with stacking sequence of C-K-C-C-K-K-C-C-K-C recorded with highest tensile strength as 285.16 MPa and highest flexural strength of 658.56 MPa. The experimental validation showed that the analysis result closely matches with the experimental result with 1.28% error. This error may be due to the influence of extraneous factors during fabrication.
Stress Distribution, Frequency Response, Mode Shape of Twisted and Untwisted Compressor Blisk under Different Pressure Loading Conditions
Authors: Kumar R.V. , Venugopal M.M. , Chandrasekhar G.L. , Tamilselvam N. , Gopinath B.
Published: January 2023

Bladed integrated disk (blisk) is a turbo engine compressor part that is specially designed to permit an adequate amount of compressed air into the burner. Blisk is used to enhance the short take-off and landing capability of the multirole fighter aircraft, because it has both rotary disc and blade. The design of the blisk needs to be carried out carefully since it is a critical part in respect of design and is subject to stringent controls. Modelling and analysis of compressor blisk diminish the complications in the design process and to enhance the quality of the design phase. In this research, finite element modelling and analysis of the compressor blisk blade is carried out to determine the stress developed in high-pressure compressor blisk for different pressure loading conditions and at three different blade orientations. Stress distributions, displacements, frequency response and mode shapes over the entire geometry of the blade were recorded under natural frequency and displayed. The stress developed on twisted compressor blisk is more than the untwisted one and it is increasing because of the increment in stress concentration areas and residual stresses. The frequency response and mode shape of twisted blades are higher and lower respectively than the untwisted blades because of the imbalanced residual stress development.
Performance Testing of Multicylinder Compressed Ignition Engine with Dual Fuel Mode of CNG with Biodiesel and Diesel
Authors: Hulwan D.B. , Patil K.R. , Kute Y.D. , Pawar R.V.
Published: January 2023

The experimental investigation was performed on a multicylinder CI engine used for off-road applications with dual fuel modes of CNG-biodiesel, CNG-diesel and CNG-biodiesel-diesel. The study aims to identify the maximum possible replacement of liquid fuel by CNG and investigate the engine's performance and emission characteristics under dual fuel mode. Biodiesel used for the study is prepared from waste cooking oil using the transesterification method. Engine performance and emission characteristics are tested for D100, B100 and B60 fuels with CNG supplied in various quantities up to the engine can take at respective operating conditions. The test was conducted at a constant speed of 1500 rpm and varying loads of 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of full load. The liquid fuel replacement by CNG is obtained in the range of 54% at low loads and 84% at high loads. The brake thermal efficiency is decreased for dual fuel mode at low loads but improved at high loads. A substantial reduction in the smoke and NOx emissions and an increase in CO and HC emissions were observed for the dual-fuel mode. The biodiesel-CNG dual fuel mode significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
Construction, Testing and Evaluation of a Honeycomb Structured 3D Printed Sandwich Panel under Various Load Circumstances
Authors: Nagalingeshwara V. , Maharana S.K. , Vijayakumar R. , Venugopal M.M. , Hemanth Raju T. , Udayashankar S.
Published: January 2023

Composite sandwich panels are progressively being employed in the aircraft industry for floor panels, compartment partitions, bulkheads and even the skin and wings of aircraft. Lightweight structures are essential for aircraft operations because they allow for faster take-off and landing. The sandwich panel comes into play in this situation. Composites with stiff, high-strength skin facings are bonded to a low-density core to form multi-layered materials with a high mechanical strength. Using finite element analysis and experimental equipment, composite sandwich panels are constructed, tested and evaluated under various load circumstances. The panel's expected compressive strength and flexural stiffness values were then calculated for various operating conditions. A mean difference of 0.28 is seen between the stresses in both x and y directions of the panel over a loading range of 1kg to 60kg. The standardised values of the strains were used to compare them using Bayesian estimation, which outperforms the t test. Ec increases by nearly 20 times when the side length is increased by 10% compared to when the side length is increased by 50%. For a given span length and when an is fixed, the flexural stiffness at f1=0.002 is nearly 2 times higher than that at f1=0.006. Although there are differences in the displacements and strains, the overall trend is fairly pleasing. The exact numerical conditions were not produced due to the experimental challenges, but the loading and displacements were equal.
Failure Characterization of Flax/Epoxy Composite Materials with Filler Under Acoustic Wave
Authors: Sivagangai T. , Rao K.V.S.N. , Bharath M. , Vamsi V. , Babu V.D.
Published: January 2023

Researches on bio-composites are increased due to their environment friendly. Some research shows a good improvement in their mechanical property with the polymer/synthetic composites. In this paper, the damage characterization of flax epoxy composite with alumina powder as filler under acoustic emission at various stages are studied. For this work, the alumina powder with various percentages such as 3% and 5% are chosen. In this project, tensile and flexural tests are performed. From the tensile test peak load and strain functions are calculated. Acoustic emission is non-destructive technique used to find the damage mode. AE has the advantage over other method due to its high sensitivity. The three-point bending is performed on the filler infused flax/epoxy composite to evaluate the flexural damage at various percentage of filler composition. The damage characterization is studied based on the frequency obtained over the time. These failure modes such as delamination, matrix cracking fibre damage are associated with frequencies are evaluated using standard mode of damage. Duration (μs) vs. amplitude (dB) and force (N) vs. position (mm) curves are plotted to evaluate the damage. The real time various damage levels occurs during flexural loading and it was evaluated using AE techniques.
Analytical Study of Sugar and Paraffin/Potassium Perchlorate as Solid Rocket Propellant
Authors: Srivastava Sachin , Rahman Abdul , Chetty Rajeeth , Haldar Subham
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, space exploration and sending satellites for different causes are more in demand. Current work is on Solid Rocket Propellant (SRP) which is used for boosters at the time of launch, correcting the satellite orbit with the help of thrusters and in missiles. Current work is to develop an easily available propellant, low cost, eco-friendly and simple to mold without compromising performance. An analytical study of the SRP parameters such as characteristic velocity, specific impulse, thrust at fixed O/F ratio is carried out. This paper proposed fuel as paraffin (C50H102) with sugar (C12H22O11) and oxidizer as potassium perchlorate (KCLO4). Thermal insulation is not used in the middle of the propellant and the outer casing because the heat does not sustain for long period for a small-scale rocket model. The specific impulse achieved with this SRP is 201.7 for an O/F ratio of 4.
Experimental Investigation on Tribological Behaviour of Copper Diamond Composites
Authors: Poulose N. , Selvakumar P. , Philip J.T.
Published: January 2023

In the present study, a range of copper diamond composites were prepared using powder metallurgy. The impact of volume fraction of diamond on tribological behaviour and its effective dispersion with copper powder was studied. Composites containing dispersion of hard particles in a metal matrix are widely used for automotive and other structural applications. Sliding wear has a vital role in the performance of electrical sliding contacts used in electric and electronic devices. Thermal considerations are also equally important for the sustainability of electronic parts. Product life and its reliability of sliding contacts are directly proportional to wear phenomenon. Due to these reasons and to meet the demands of improving thermal properties of materials for electronic components, a new composite material composed of diamond and copper was developed. The ball mill was used for 4 hours at 300 rpm for grinding and blending copper, diamond into fine powder. Being a cost-effective technique, normal sintering and powder metallurgy method were adopted for composite preparation where spark plasma sintering and other techniques were found to be very costly. Diamond was added in different volume fraction (1% wt., 3% wt. and 5% wt.) as reinforcement to analyse the influence of diamond particle concentration, distribution and its particle size on thermal conductivity and wear behaviour. A transmission electron microscope was used to characterize the morphology of powder. XRD analysis was used to identify the crystalline phases present in the composites. A wear test was performed on pin on disk test rig. The wear test illustrated that higher diamond content improves the wear resistance of the composite.
Effect of Thickness Ratio on the Magnetic Properties of the Magnetostrictive Thin Film Composite
Authors: Singh P.K. , Pareta Ashish Singh , Bhushan Awani , Panda S.K.
Published: January 2023

Magno-elastic coupling characteristics in giant magnetostrictive thin films depend on a myriad of factors, comprising variability in Young’s modulus, thermally induced pre-stresses, the direction of the applied magnetic field and the substrate to film thickness ratio, demagnetization field etc. Due to the aforementioned reasons, the giant magnetostrictive thin films usually display characteristics that may contrast with the bulk giant magnetostrictive materials. This work studies magnetostrictive film on a compliant substrate using a generalized 3-D magneto-thermo-elastic nonlinear constitutive model with the elasticity theory to include such stimuli sensitive coupled magneto-thermo-elastic response. The numerical simulation of the magnetostrictive film on the compliant substrate in the form of a cantilever shows good agreement with the existing experimental data. The substrate and film thickness ratio effect on the thermal strain, Young’s modulus, magnetization and magnetostriction of films was meticulously analyzed. It has been revealed that the magneto-elastic responses rely strongly on the substrate-to-film thickness ratio. Thus, it is possible to obtain the tunable properties by controlling the composite film's thickness ratio in the design state of smart devices.