bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JPOSNA Fracture Quiz
Authors: Muchow Ryan
Published: September 2022

This trauma ‘quiz’ represents an interactive session where POSNA members are able to work through 9 clinical scenarios to challenge how they would address the fracture problems.  Associated with each scenario is an OITE-style question and multiple choice options that seek the most preferred answer from the clinician.  In addition to the answer and follow-up radiographs, we have enlisted the opinions of three POSNA experts in trauma to provide an evidenced-based approach to thinking through each trauma problem. 

Our panel of experts include:

Jeff R. Sawyer, MD.  Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science center.  Dr. Sawyer has published >50 trauma-related articles, and has established himself as one of our society’s leaders in pediatric orthopedic trauma. 

Tony I. Riccio, MD.  Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Children’s Health Dallas, UT Southwestern Medical Center.  Dr. Riccio, among many trauma-related endeavors, has spearheaded the effort to promote partnership between POSNA and the OTA, and has taught and published extensively on pediatric orthopedic trauma.

Susan A. Scherl, MD.  Children’s Hospital & Medical Center Omaha, University of Nebraska Medical Center.  Dr. Scherl has dedicated her career to the expert care of children with fractures and has published on all aspects of pediatric orthopedic trauma – from NAT to adolescent fractures to supracondylar humerus fractures.
JPOSNA Skeletal Dysplasia Quiz
Authors: Mackenzie William , White Klane , Bernstein Matt , Spencer Samantha
Published: September 2022

This Skeletal Dysplasia Quiz represents an interactive session where POSNA members are able to work through 9 clinical scenarios to challenge how they would address these problems.  Associated with each scenario is an OITE-style question and multiple choice options that seek the most preferred answer.  In addition to the answer and follow-up radiographs, we have enlisted the opinions of  POSNA experts in skeletal dysplasia to provide an evidenced-based approach to thinking through each problem.
Over-Reaming the Humerus to Place an IM Lengthening Nail
Authors: Jardaly Achraf , Torrez Timothy W. , Kothari Ezan A. , Andrews Nicholas A. , Gilbert Shawn R.
Published: September 2022

The fully implantable intramedullary nailing system is an elegant solution in limb lengthening that has become incredibly popular among both surgeons and patients. The system was initially used for lower extremity lengthening; however, it has also been used for humeral lengthening. In this case report, we describe a very difficult course of an infected nonunion secondary to humeral lengthening with an intramedullary device. The large atrophic nonunion was reconstructed in part with autogenous bone obtained in a minimally invasive fashion using a suction-based harvesting device. This case illustrates the importance of appropriate patient and implant selection and match and demonstrates the use of a novel suction-based bone harvester. Despite advances in the field of limb lengthening, the potential for major complications of these procedures should not be underestimated.
The Influence of Grit on Nurses’ Job Burnout Decrease in Depok Secondary Hospitals
Authors: Safariningsih Ratna Tri Hari , Rizan Mohamad , Handaru Agung Wahyu
Published: September 2022

One of the professions with a significant risk of burnout is nursing. As a result of constantly having to regulate their emotions when interacting with patients, nurses have a higher emotional threshold. Physical fatigue, a lack of job satisfaction, and subpar performance can all be caused by emotional exhaustion. Burnout was found to have a detrimental impact on nurse loyalty and service quality. The purpose of this research is to determine the role of grit in reducing job burnout among secondary hospital nurses in Depok, West Java Province, Indonesia. Cross-sectional design, a quantitative approach, was utilized in this study. The study's participants were all the medical staff members employed by three secondary hospitals in Depok City, West Java, Indonesia. This study included 150 nurses from three hospitals as samples. Simple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that grit has a negative and significant impact on job burnout. With a R Square of 0.190, it is clear that other variables account for the remaining 89% of the job burnout variable, leaving only 19% to be explained by grit. Hospitals should analyze their nurses' workloads and create a work culture of mutual support. Nurses should set career goals and continue to learn new skills.
DIAGNOSIS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN THAI FEMALE ADOLESCENTS USING RETICULOCYTE HEMOGLOBIN EQUIVALENT
Authors: Thimthong Natthawadi , Photi-a Apichat , Traivaree Chanchai , Apipongrat Dollapak , Nathalang Oytip
Published: September 2022

Background: Female adolescents aged 10 to 19 years are at remarkable risk of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) is an initial indicator of iron incorporation in red blood cells (RBCs) hemoglobin and reflects the iron functional availability in the RBCs.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of Ret-He to identify IDA and determine a specific cut-off value for Thai female adolescents.

Methods: Blood samples of 191 Thai female adolescents, ages ranging from 12 to 18 years, were included. Patients underwent complete blood count, reticulocyte count, Ret-He, serum iron (SI), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation (TSAT). The correlation of Ret-He with other parameters and the diagnostic performance to identify IDA were evaluated.

Results: Among 191 patients, 89 and 102 were defined as IDA and non-IDA groups. Ret-He value in the IDA group was significantly lower than that in the non-IDA group (p<0.001). Strong positive correlations were observed between Ret-He and RBC indices and SI and TSAT (p<0.001). A Ret-He value of ≤27.0 pg could distinguish IDA from non-IDA with a sensitivity of 91.2% and a specificity of 100.0% (area under the curve, AUC of 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99; p<0.001).

Conclusion: This study confirmed that Ret-He is a cost-effective parameter representing an advantage over other traditional iron markers. A specific Ret-He cut-off value of ≤27.0 pg is suitable for distinguishing IDA from non-IDA with excellent diagnostic performance among Thai female adolescents.
Ambiguitas Pembangunan Industri Minyak Kelapa Sawit di Boven Digoel: Ancaman atau Peluang terhadap Keamanan Komunitas Masyarakat Adat?
Authors: Denneisha Audrea , Sudirman Arfin
Published: September 2022

Boven Digoel merupakan salah satu wilayah Papua yang pertama kali terjamak industri minyak sawit di akhir abad ke-20. Datangnya industri sawit telah mengubah kondisi kehidupan masyarakat adat yang telah menempati wilayah Boven Digoel selama ratusan abad. Menggunakan keamanan komunitas dan ekologi politik sebagai konsep utama, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan industri minyak kelapa sawit di Boven Digoel telah berdampak kepada keamanan komunitas masyarakat adat, terutama pada aspek keberlanjutan identitas, cara hidup, dan budaya masyarakat adat. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis dokumen resmi, internet, serta wawancara. Hasil artikel menunjukan bahwa terdapat ambiguitas dalam memaknai apakah transformasi dalam cara hidup masyarakat adat Papua merupakan sebuah hal yang merugikan dan mengancam bagi aspek keamanan komunitas.  Namun, satu hal yang pasti adalah sebagai hasil dari perubahan yang ada dalam lingkungan sosial, alam, dan pola kehidupan masyarakat, kedekatan terhadap alam yang menjadi ciri khas dari masyarakat adat Papua perlahan meredup.
Economic Uncertainty and its Effects in Bolivia
Authors: Rivero Roger Alejandro  Banegas , Ramirez Marco Alberto Nunez , Garcia Irma Guadalupe Esparza , Beltran Altayra Geraldine  Ozuna
Published: September 2022

The paper's primary finding reveals that there are three factors related to the level of Bolivian economic uncertainty. These were interpreted as: i) uncertainty of economic expectations; ii) uncertainty of monetary and exchange rate policy; iii) political and social uncertainty. The contribution of each factor was found to account for approximately one-third of the total uncertainty; however, due to the incidence of the searches, the uncertainty factor in the monetary exchange rate policy showed greater contemporaneous synchronization with the general level by using multivariate techniques monthly for the period from January 2004 to December 2020. The estimated index captured negative variations for uncertainty during times of economic boom and growth, and it reflected positive variations of uncertainty in times of economic slowdown, low commodity prices, persistent fiscal and external deficits, as well as drops in net international reserves. Finally, by estimating a structural VAR model (SVAR), a direct relationship was found between global (external) economic uncertainty and domestic (internal) economic uncertainty, which slows national economic activity by -0.65%, interpreted as a retarding factor for economic growth.
The Rationalistic-Critical Approach of Orientalists in Seerah Writings: An Exploratory Study of Modern Trends
Authors: Fatima Tehreem , Tasgheer Aqsa
Published: September 2022

The practice of Seerah composing has prevailed from the classical period of Islamic history, and it has proceeded through the ages, to the contemporary world. With the passage of time developments and different circumstances occurred in the methodology and way of writing on the Seerah as well. Various insightful works to feature the various aspects of the Prophet's (PBUH) life have shown up in the past numerous decades. The reason for composing such sort of works is, principally, to show the significance of the Prophet's life for all occasions, and in conditions. Modern Seerah texts are profoundly impacted by the impressive historical currents that have formed the post-colonial Muslim world. In the 19th century, the Islamic world confronted the Western understanding of science, as it steadily began to go affected by the last option in economic, political, and military perspectives. The examinations done in this period were currently done even with the contributions of the Western perspective. Even though there were a few works, assuming scant managed without concerning the Western techniques for research, some others were composed as criticism of the orientalist studies, and some were delivered affected by the orientalist thoughts. However, in the contemporary era, there have arisen some recent fads in the composing trends of the Seerah. The current paper analyzes the process of internalization, which permitted some writers to create works that peruse feels that they were living in the hour of prophecy as well as targets to display contemporary search trends followed by West and orientalists such as after decolonization and how they affect our Muslim writers.
Human Rights In Childbearing 1. Basic Human Rights And Their Application In Childbearing
Authors: Ham Leigh
Published: September 2022

In this article, I give an overview of the basics of human rights law and how they apply to the United Kingdom. The application of this legislation is then considered from the perspective of childbearing, exploring key rights that may arise in daily practice. The article concludes by considering the issue of human rights in the current context of maternity care, acknowledging that the complexity of this issue goes beyond simply understanding the legal frameworks midwives have a legal duty to adhere to. This is the first article in an 11-part series.
Working with a rural Ethiopian health centre to create a framework for high-quality,women-friendly services
Authors: Tilahun Dawit
Published: September 2022

In the second of two articles, here we follow up on Brydon Williams’ previous Maternity Voices reflection, with reflective insights from Dawit Tilahun. Dawit is a clinical nurse in the Udo Health Centre in Ethiopia and has been involved with Midwives@Ethiopia, a small charity that has worked alongside local professionals to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. He provides an overview of the context of the health centre and his thoughts regarding the work of the charity.
Understanding Research 9. Methods of Data Collection in Quantitative Methodologies: Documentary Methods and Clinical Measurements
Authors: Baker Becky , Chenery-Morris Sam
Published: September 2022

Understanding research is a series of articles aimed at dispelling the myths around research theories and practices, and exploring just what is meant by the different terminologies encountered when reading and using research articles. On alternate months we explore different aspects of research to make this knowledge accessible and relevant. It forms part of the Evidence series, and aims to help midwives understand, use and engage with research, and consider how research matters to their practice.
PMA Reflections on Adaptation to Continuity of Carer
Authors: Gilliland Claire
Published: September 2022

In the year following implementation of continuity of carer (CoC) caseloading teams in my trust, I noticed some initial anxiety in the midwives for whom I provide support as professional midwifery advocate (PMA). Over time, however, midwives reflected that they simply needed to adapt their behaviours, having been institutionalised by years in an on-call model and faced with more flexible boundaries on their working hours. Adapting to a new way of working takes time and honest reflection to achieve a shift in mindset and a healthy respect for those boundaries, after which midwives report a better-than-ever work/life balance.
The Power Of Touch: A Midwife’s Hands
Authors: Byrom Sheena
Published: September 2022

As well as being a basic diagnostic tool, our hands as midwives give us the opportunity to provide a tender touch, which research tells us can boost the immune system, reduce pain and trigger the release of endorphins and oxytocin.1 Touch is a powerful yet sometimes underestimated sense; as babies it is our first sensation and as we grow, a universal language. Touch fosters compassion and empathy2 by activating the vagus nerve3 and can help with reconciliation.4 In addition, touch indicates trust, and calms the cardiovascular system.3
Beautifying Birth: A Simple Tool to Promote Physiology
Authors: Booth Emma
Published: September 2022

As a senior midwife working on an obstetric-led unit, I was concerned with the rising levels of intervention we were witnessing and wanted to investigate ways to support midwives and birthing people to have empowering experiences and achieve better outcomes. The idea of creating ‘beautifying birth’ boxes was taken from a post on Twitter by Emma Thorns,1 which illustrated how to transform clinical, high-risk areas into dimly lit, homelike spaces using items such as battery-operated tea lights and fairy lights to aid and support physiological labour and birth. Staff and birthing people have benefited from the boxes, with feedback being extremely positive since they have been introduced, and the boxes commonplace on the unit being utilised daily.
Neurodiversity and Maternity 2. Autistic Breastfeeding Part 1
Authors: Grace Joanna
Published: September 2022

Differences between autistic people and neurotypical people can lead to misunderstandings between patients and healthcare professionals that jeopardise care provision. Understanding the possible impact of communication, sensory and pain differences can enable you to ensure clear communication and effective care for neurodivergent women in your care. In this second article of the series, Joanna draws upon her own experience of breastfeeding as a woman with autism to provide useful insights for maternity workers.
A Reflection on Philosophy of Care
Authors: Halse Ann-Marie
Published: September 2022

I have chosen Atkins and Murphy (1994) to reflect upon the philosophy of care I observed on labour ward placement. To protect the identity of those mentioned, all names have been changed, in accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2015). This reflection was born following many difficult shifts on labour ward as a passionate yet weary student midwife approaching qualification; it helped me to unpick and comprehend conflicting feelings I had towards the profession. Having gained more confidence and competence in clinical duties, I had now reached a critical stage in my training where I started to realise the kind of midwife I wanted to be. However, I was disillusioned and unsatisfied at how difficult it seemed to be for midwives to incorporate normality into the obstetric unit. The reflection highlights that, as individuals, we are not alone in our ambitions to improve women-centred care, and that together we can make a big difference if we all make small changes to our practice.
Normal Birth: Understanding and Facilitating Women’s Comfort Measures During Labour/birth
Authors: Ashworth Emma
Published: September 2022

There’s a magic that is an inherent part of the word ‘midwife’, and that is its literal meaning: ‘with woman’. While excellent clinical skills are essential for all midwives, equally important is the ability to emotionally connect with labouring women and people during the transformation that is birth, to help their bodies to work as effectively as possible, and to help them to have a positive, enjoyable birth. True midwifery magic comes when these two skills come together. This article focuses on ways that midwives can offer practical and emotional comfort, creating connections which work like a charm to help to support physiological and enjoyable births.
Making Reflective Practice Inclusive, Contemporary and Equitable
Authors: King Hannah Alice
Published: September 2022

Reflective practice has held a valid place in medical practice for many years,1,2 and is used in day-to-day episodes of care,3 as well as for professional revalidation.4 Reflection allows healthcare professionals to reflect on their practice retrospectively to improve future care or in real time at the point of care, as is encouraged by the Cultural Safety model.3,5,6,7 Is it time for a new reflective model to consider the urgent need for inclusive and equitable care?
Research Unwrapped 1. The Impact Of Covid-19 On Perinatal Mental Health – Part 1
Authors: Ibiwoye Oluwaseun Helen
Published: September 2022

The perinatal period is a high risk for onset and relapse of mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic is a particularly stressful occurrence with reported negative impacts on perinatal mental health, hence the need to understand these impacts on pregnant and post-partum childbearing women and people, and prioritise interventions to alleviate them. This is the first of two articles.
Because Midwives’ Wellbeing Matters: How The Midwives In Mind Project Developed
Authors: South Tina
Published: September 2022

A personal viewpoint is shared on how four midwives, from different parts of Wales, who individually during their careers had an interest in midwives’ wellbeing, came together virtually and were involved in a project that developed and eventually became Midwives in Mind. This was made possible by the team members being accepted and brought together during a joint initiative between the Royal College of Midwives and Welsh Government – the Wales Midwifery Leadership Development Group programme. Examples of what’s involved in being part of the programme are discussed, and how this led to the creation of an online virtual community on social media which promotes midwives’ wellbeing.
Challenges Faced in Maternity Care for Women with Hearing Loss
Authors: Hamilton Emma
Published: September 2022

This article explores supporting women and families who are profoundly deaf. According to the World Health Organization (WHO),1 profound deafness is defined as having very slight/non-existent hearing ability. Profoundly deaf people are generally reliant on communicating via sign language/lip-reading,2 so this article will focus predominantly on British Sign Language (BSL) as the main form of communication when planning care provision for a woman who is deaf/hard of hearing (D/HH). To accommodate specific needs, additional adaptations to care will be considered, along with local and national policy.
Optimal Cord Clamping – Allowing a Physiological Transition Part 2
Authors: Moncrieff Gill
Published: September 2022

In the first part of this article in our January issue of The Student Midwife, Gill Moncrieff described the physiology around cord clamping; here she explores the benefits of waiting, in optimal cord clamping.
Hot Topic: Intact cord resuscitation for term infants under midwifery care
Authors: Mohamied Fatimah
Published: September 2022

Immediate cord clamping (ICC), followed by immediate disconnection of an infant from its mother and subsequent relocation to a separate resuscitation platform, is the current mode of practice when respiratory support is required at birth (Hutchon and Bettles 2016). This practice is supported by a World Health Organization (WHO) (2012) guideline on basic newborn resuscitation. However, this recommendation is based upon weak evidence that was developed for hastened uterotonic drug administration, to prevent the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) (Hutchon 2015). However, WHO (2012) continues to suggest ventilation before cord occlusion if practitioners experienced in intact cord resuscitation (ICR) are present. While midwives conduct neonatal resuscitation, they also facilitate delayed cord clamping (DCC) for at least 60 seconds, which is recommended by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2014) for many documented benefits. However, compromised neonates are excluded from this (NICE 2014), and may be the population most in need of DCC during resuscitation (Hutchon 2015), as demonstrated by the stabilising haemodynamic effect of initiating ventilation before cord clamping in neonatal lambs (Bhatt et al 2013). This may provide a protective mechanism against intraventricular haemorrhage and cerebral injury, which are known risks in neonates requiring resuscitation. The aim of this work is to investigate and review ICR for term infants, in order to support ICR adoption into midwifery practice, through literature review. Studies included were publications within the past five years: quantitative studies, qualitative studies and reviews involving term or late-preterm human infants.
Concealed Pregnancy in Adolescent Women – A Reflection on Practice
Authors: Hymers Kirsty
Published: September 2022

Using fictionalised case studies of two concealed pregnancies in adolescent women, both of whom wish to conceal their birth and relinquish their baby for adoption, this article discusses the literature around concealed pregnancy, adolescent brain development, legal framework for practice and woman-centred care. It is an exploration of whether I achieved the balance needed, when respecting a woman’s right to autonomy feels like a barrier to providing care that is in her best interests. The conclusion of the article is that respecting a woman’s autonomy (and therefore her right to conceal her birth) is central to the mother-midwife relationship and therefore woman-centred care, even when the woman is a teenager.
A Consensus Curriculum – One Model
Authors: Jessiman Wendy C , Murray Irene D
Published: September 2022

This paper reports on the development of a curriculum for a Shortened Midwifery Programme. In order to develop consensus around the Shortened Midwifery Programme, a technique similar to a Delphi study was used to determine the priority topics for key Stakeholders1 investing in a future midwifery curriculum at the University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI). Using both face-to-face development days with contributions via online conferencing UHI, NHS Highland, Western Isles, Shetland and Orkney built a curriculum in three stages allowing the creation of a consensus curriculum in just over four months. The first cohort commenced the Programme in January 2019 and completed in August 2020, adding midwives directly to the workforce of the region supporting the development of the UHI Programme.
Re-naming the ‘Birth Environment’ an Architect’s View
Authors: Joyce Sarah
Published: September 2022

I am an architect and researcher with a long interest in birth environment design. Researching and writing my recent PhD highlighted differences in the language used by architects and midwives. The words we use unconsciously shape our understanding of the physical surroundings for childbirth. In this article, I explore assumptions that lie behind terms used in this field: birth environment, birth venue, birth space, birth territory and birth architecture. I suggest the new term birth spaces architecture for describing the physical surroundings for birth in a holistic and women-centred way.
A Midwife’s Role in Supporting Women with Childhood Sexual Abuse
Authors: Malone Stacey
Published: September 2022

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a common experience for women and research from the UK and USA indicates a prevalence of 20%.1,2 Inevitably, some of these women will access maternity services. This article considers whether midwives are aware of this vulnerable group of women and explores the role of the midwife in supporting women who have experienced CSA through the perinatal period.
Neurodiversity and Maternity 1. Hidden Barriers to Healthcare Access
Authors: Grace Joanna
Published: September 2022

Autism is a hidden condition, and the barriers to healthcare access faced by autistic people are similarly hidden. Barriers such as communication differences, differences in pain registry and expression and sensory differences are not just present for autistics with high support needs but can have an impact across the autistic spectrum. Here Joanna Grace introduces a series of three articles focusing on why it is important for practitioners to be aware of the impact of neurodivergence on the experience of care in order for these barriers to be overcome.
Using the Purple Line to Assess Labour Progress
Authors: Shepherd Ashley , Cheyne Helen
Published: September 2022

Vaginal examination (VE) is one of the most commonly performed procedures in maternity care, routinely carried out on admission to the labour ward or birth unit. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)1 recommends offering a VE to confirm established labour and every four hours during established first stage of labour. In our study,2 we found that women experienced on average three VEs (and up to seven) during their labour.
Racism Matters 5: We have a Dream – Midwives Making Change
Authors: Ezzahra Ghaouch Fatima , Sibanda Samukeliso
Published: September 2022

In the fifth article of our Racism Matters series, Samukeliso Sibanda and Fatima Ezzahra Ghaouch describe how Northampton General Hospital’s dedicated Continuity of Care Sapphire team, launched to look after women from BAME backgrounds as well as women from an area of social deprivation, has helped midwives to understand women from diverse cultures, provide culturally sensitive care and pave the way for improved outcomes for BAME women.
Normal Birth 8. ‘Twinkling the Rooms’: Optimising Normal Birth in a Hospital Setting
Authors: Byrom Sheena , Lai-Boyd Bunty
Published: September 2022

In middle- to high-income countries, childbirth usually takes place in hospital in high-tech delivery rooms designed for the benefit of those working in them, yet women and birthing people report higher satisfaction levels and are more likely to have a normal birth at home or in a midwife-led unit (birth centre). This article explores practical ways that midwives and other birth workers can maximise the opportunity for women to experience physiological birth in a hospital setting.
How Do We Provide Women-Centred Care For The One-In-Five Women Who Have A Mental Health Condition? 2. Challenges And Next Steps
Authors: Weir Clare
Published: September 2022

The Scottish Government released the Mental Health Strategy to improve mental health services. With one-in-five pregnant women being identified as having a mental health condition, it is a prevalent issue for midwives. There are obstacles in midwifery to being able to meet the expectations of the aims of the Mental Health Strategy. These include accessing services, mental health stigma, organisational challenges, training and the impact of COVID-19. Solutions such as The Best Start and continuity of care within midwifery, appropriate referral process, training and education, and increased awareness can help midwives achieve the Scottish Government’s aims. This is the final article in the series.
Collaborative Working Between Midwives and Social Work
Authors: Berry Nicola ‘Nik’
Published: September 2022

Interprofessional education and subsequent cross-boundary working have been much researched in improving outcomes for children and young people.1 There is much research relating to midwives working with health visitors and nurses, but very little highlighting positive interactions and preventative working with social work. It is also less easy to find collaborative practice as a result of interprofessional education.2 This article is written following the creation of two innovative classes held by a midwife for two groups of people involved with social work – foster carers and prospective adoptive parents. These classes are held twice a year and use demonstrations, group discussion and presentation of current evidenced-based practice.
Flow batteries with solid energy boosters
Authors: Tolmachev Yuriy , Starodubceva Svetlana V.
Published: September 2022

Adding solid electroactive materials as energy boosters to flow battery tanks provides a path to electrical energy storing systems with unprecedently high specific energy and specific power, that can solve the needs of both automotive and stationary energy storage markets. This work reviews the physical and chemical principles behind this new class of flow batteries, the history of this technology, and the most promising research directions.
Advances in processing and characterization of conversion coatings
Authors: Bajat Jelena
Published: September 2022

The present special issue of the Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering presents contributions on various kinds of non-toxic conversion coatings on different metal substrates: steel, stainless steel, zinc, copper, aluminum, and the broad range of their properties and applications. Different functions require surface science and surface engineering at a molecular level and are related to the chemical, phase and morphological nature of their surfaces.
Analysis of the influence of expressway emergencies on transmission speeds and travel delays
Authors: Shi Xianfu , Liu Xingliang , Li Menghui , Liu Tangzhi
Published: September 2022

Expressway emergencies tend to cause traffic congestion, and understanding the travel time delays of on-road vehicles under different combinations of event scenarios and road traffic conditions is valuable for guiding the accurate emer-gency dispatch services. Most existing studies used methods that combine the Lighthill–Whitham–Richards (LWR) theory and basic traffic diagrams to solve this problem, but the discrete traffic flow characteristics caused by the pres-ence of heavy vehicles have not been considered, thus affecting the applicability of those results to road traffic charac-teristics in China. Moreover, there is a lack of systematic research on multiple combinations of unexpected event sce-narios and traffic conditions, and the guidance value of the previously obtained results is limited. In order to improve the applicability of the prediction model and accurately predict the severity of emergencies, based on a logistic model that is applicable to emergencies, a velocity–density model is constructed to describe discrete traffic flow characteris-tics. Based on LWR theory, the internal driving force of expressway traffic state evolution under emergency conditions is explored. Combined with real-time traffic flow data, the parameters of the logistic model are calibrated, and a lo-gistic velocity–density model is constructed using a goodness-of-fit test and a marching method, including the free-flow velocity, turning density and heavy vehicle mixing ratio. Thus, the problem that existing models lack applicability to road traffic characteristics in China is solved. Travel time delay is associated with the impact range of an emergency, and it is an effective index for evaluating the severity of emergency incidents. Thus, the travel time delays under differ-ent scenarios, different numbers of blocked lanes and different orthogonal combinations of approximate saturation conditions are explored, and the impacts of lane blockage on emergency incidents and travel time delays are obtained. The conclusions show that the presented logistic velocity–density model constructed based on discrete traffic flow characteristics can properly quantify the impact of the presence of heavy vehicles. Additionally, the results can provide theoretical support for handling emergencies and emergency rescues.
Research on the site selection and path layout of the logistics distribution center of marine ships based on a mathematical model
Authors: Tong Haolin
Published: September 2022

For logistics enterprises, site selection and path layout are related to the cost and efficiency of distribution, which is a very critical issue and has an important impact on the development of enterprises. Compared with land logistics, the cost of marine ship logistics is higher due to the high cost of ships, so the research on the location and path layout of its distribution centers is also particularly important. This paper established a two-layer model under the assumption that unit transportation costs and administration expenses are known for the site selection and path layout problems of marine ship logistics distribution centers. Corresponding constraint conditions were set. The upper layer was the optimization model of the site selection problem of the distribution center, and the objective function was to minimize operating and construction costs and was solved using the quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm. The lower layer was the optimization model of the distribution path layout, and the objective function was to minimize the logistics distribution cost and was solved using the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. The model was veri-fied through an example analysis. It was assumed that there were three ships, five candidate distribution centers, and ten customer points. The model was solved in MATLAB software. The results of the example analysis showed that com-pared with K-means, genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO)-ACO algorithms, the QPSO-ACO algorithm had the shortest running time, about 60 s, which saved about 50% compared to the K-means algorithm. The optimal cost of the QPSO-ACO algorithm was 293,400 yuan, which was significantly lower than the K-means, GA, and PSO-ACO algorithms (459,600 yuan, 398,300 yuan, and 357,700 yuan). In this example, the site obtained by the QPSO-ACO algorithm was distribution center 2, and the obtained path distribution was 1-7-5-4, 2-6-3, and 10-8-9. The results verify the effectiveness of the QPSO-ACO algorithm in solving the problem of site selection and path layout. The QPSO-ACO algorithm can be applied in the actual marine ship logistics.
Assessment of vehicle emissions at roundabouts: a comparative study of PEMS data and microscale emission model
Authors: Mądziel Maksymilian , Campisi Tiziana
Published: September 2022

Energy efficiency has a central role to play in achieving decarbonisation targets in the transport system by changing the demand for mobility (eg. by influencing on peoples behaviors) and improving the performance of the fleet. In recent years there has been an increase of use of private transport, partly due to the recent pandemic and the reduced choice of public transport. People's travel habits have changed in frequency and motivation due to the reduced number of seats on public transport, due to social distancing but also due to online education and teleworking. This increase of use private cars has led to an increase in environmental emissions as a result of the high proportion of vehicles with combustion engines in urban areas. The highest concentrations have been recorded at road intersections and in par-ticular at roundabout configurations where there is a higher number of stop-and-go's overall. The increasing im-portance of air pollution from vehicle traffic has suggested that environmental considerations should be added to these aspects as a criterion for intersection design. Several studies in the literature analyze the environmental emissions generated by vehicle traffic using different methods such as on-site recording, mathematical modeling of dispersion phenomena, micro-simulation of vehicle traffic, use of appropriately equipped vehicles with sensors. This paper pre-sents a comparison between the results obtained from the Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) and the results obtained from the VERSIT+ emission model. Specifically, using a Portable Emission Measurement Systems (PEMS) installed on a series of test cars, instantaneous CO2 and NOX emissions were measured on repeated trips along two-lane roundabout intersections. The study was carried out by examining a selected two-lane roundabout in the city of Rzeszow (Poland) using 9 different vehicles fueled by petrol, diesel, and LPG. The results show that the investigated VERSIT+ emission model used led to an inaccuracies in the calculation of CO2 and NOx emissions. Furthermore, cur-rent micro-scale emission models may not estimate emissions of harmful exhaust components with sufficient accuracy due to the specificities of roundabout driving. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of new emission models, adapted to the driving behavior of drivers appropriate for different infrastructure objects such as roundabouts.
Model of operational planning of freight transportation by tram as part of a green logistics system
Authors: Shramenko Natalya , Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka , Kiciński Marcin , Shramenko Vladyslav
Published: September 2022

The introduction of environmentally friendly technologies is becoming increasingly necessary to combat global warm-ing and air pollution in cities. The concept of eco-logistics is seen as an effective approach to the management of materials and related flows in order to reduce environmental and economic damage to the environment. The sustaina-ble development of green supply chains is based on the use of environmentally friendly types of vehicles, reduction of energy and other resources consumption, optimization of transport and technological processes in delivery systems. As part of the development of green supply chain, it is proposed to transport goods by freight trams, which eliminates the need for heavy trucks in the city, improves traffic conditions and reduces the environmental impact of transport. The research was conducted for the city of Poznan. The distribution system of the city of Poznan operates in conditions of stochastic demand for deliveries from clients and the risk of lack of sufficient supplies in distribution centers. To take into account the specificity of the distribution system of cargo delivery in conditions of uncertainty and risk, a simula-tion model of the organization of the material flows within the transport system of the city of Poznan has been pro-posed. The result of simulation is the optimal assignment of clients to the distribution centers, as well as the value of total mileage with the load, which is a random variable. It is assumed that the random variable is distributed according to the normal distribution law. The results were calculated and compared for two variants, i.e. for constant demand and sufficient quantity of cargo in distribution centers, and for variable demand and uncertainty conditions, e.g. insuffi-cient cargo quantity in distribution centers. The purpose of the paper is to develop a simulation model for planning supplies of small consignments of goods by trams implementing green logistics concept with variable demand for transportation. After a short introduction of the problem, the literature review related to the concept of green logistics and requirements of transport and distribution system are presented in section 2. In section 3, the research problem and research methodology are described. Section 4 provides the results of assignment of clients to distribution centers. The paper ends with concluding remarks.
Studi Kasus: Masalah Dan Penyelesaian Dalam Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi
Authors: Reny Windy Astuti Dwi , Samudra Hero
Published: September 2022

Kurangnya informasi dan edukasi masyarakat terhadap perdagangan berjangka komoditi dan oknum-oknum di Pialang Berjangka yang bertindak tidak sesuai dengan peraturan perdagangan berjangka komoditi membuat banyaknya pengaduan nasabah yang diterima oleh Bappebti. Maka dari itu, muncul stigma negatif terhadap perdagangan berjangka komoditi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini membahas masalah-masalah dan penyelesaian perselisihan nasabah dalam perdagangan berjangka komoditi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris yang memfokuskan objek kajian pada perilaku masyarakat dan peristiwa hukum tertentu yang terjadi dalam studi kasus putusan PN Fabian Buddy Pascoal melawan PT Midtou Aryacom Futures. Masalah yang timbul adalah KYC penerimaan amanat nasabah tidak memenuhi ketentuan yang telah diatur di dalam peraturan Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi dan oknum dari pihak Pialang Berjangka memberikan informasi yang menyesatkan, menjanjikan keuntungan diluar kewajaran, dan mengarahkan nasabah untuk membiarkan transaksi dijalankan oleh oknum Pialang Berjangka. Putusan kasus Fabian Buddy Pascoal melawan PT Midtou Aryacom Futures adalah NO karena gugatan prematur dimana penyelesaian perselisihan nasabah seharusnya diawali dengan laporan pengaduan di Bappebti, musyawarah mufakat di Pialang Berjangka, mediasi di Bursa Berjangka, dan berakhir di Bakti/PN sesuai upaya hukum yang dipilih di dalam Perjanjian Amanat Nasabah. Oleh sebab itu, calon nasabah seharusnya memahami dengan benar terkait Trading Rules dan mekanisme transaksi di Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi. Selain itu, Direktur Kepatuhan pada Pialang Berjangka harus cermat dalam mengawasi kinerja tenaga yang diberdayakan Pialang Berjangka dan Wakil Pialang Berjangka sebagai representatif perusahaan Pialang Berjangka.
Community Participation Process in Community-Based Tourism Development in Waerebo Traditional Village, Manggarai Regency, Flores
Authors: Sendjaja Suhandi Ary , Novianti Evi , Oktavia Dina , Khan Alexader M.A , Simatupang Wita P.
Published: September 2022

Waerebo traditional village is one of the villages in Flores that has managed to rise through tourism development. The tourism business in Waerebo is owned and managed by the community. This study aims to determine the process of community participation in the development of community-based tourism. This study uses a qualitative method. Primary data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with institutions and parties involved in the development. Assistance with a participatory approach through the placement of facilitators to live with the community is carried out by partners from the Waerebo Cultural Conservation Institute. The training activities followed by practice by the community, accompanied by facilitators, have shown good results. The community is involved in all stages, from planning, implementing activities, and evaluating activities. Community participation from planning to implementation is essential in developing CBT and maintaining destination resilience. The CBT approach is able to increase people's income, help maintain traditional houses, forest roads, provide diesel and solar electricity, and improve their children's education.
Smart Tourism Intermingling with Indian Spiritual Destinations: Role of e-WoM Sentiments in marketing
Authors: Veerasamy Senthil , Goswami Susobhan
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to see how smart tourism and sentiments help tourists seeking spiritual experiences that are deep-rooted in ancient Indian traditions as opposed to materialistic getaways. Exploratory research through sentiments of YouTube and Tweets followers are collected in sample. A qualitative-quantitative research method is used in this paper to analyse the sentiments on Indian popular spiritual destinations. Smart tourism allows larger, coordinated efforts for Innovation, quality of life and sustainable tourism through rich data infrastructure within the ambit of specific destinations. Within a context, personalisation and real-time monitoring can occur where sentiments are positive or highly positive for that matter. Fundamental to tourists’ experiences is an aesthetic obsession with authenticity. The diversity of smart technologies applicable to experiences in the smart spiritual tourism sphere is still to be defined on a more granular level where religion still holds the glue. This paper seeks to explore the smart tourism experience concept applied to spirituality (STES) in more depth to facilitate further contributions. A smart tourism experience can be co-created for better delivery and a conducive environment for such an experience to emerge. Each spiritual destination is unique and complex. Policy responses can address the impact mainly through knowledge (human) resources.
Endangered African Wild Dogs: Ecological Disturbances, Habitat Fragmentations, and Ecosystem Collapse in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Authors: Itambu Makarius P.
Published: September 2022

The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is among the species that have declined to the point where it is now listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN, 2012). Formerly, the African wild dog population was estimated to span 39 African countries, but today, they have disappeared from much of their former habitats, now occupying just 7% of their former geographic range. They are presently found in only 14 countries primarily in the southern part of the continent, including South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and Botswana. The largest populations are presently found in northern Botswana, the Selous Game Reserve in Tanzania, and in Kruger National Park in South Africa. In East Africa, the largest population is found in Tanzania and Kenya in the Serengeti-Maasai-Mara ecosystems and in the Selous Game Reserve. The current, global population is estimated to be between 3000-5000 which is comprised of less than 1400 mature individuals. Methodically, this study deeply underscored these data from critical library research i.e., archival sources, books and articles, and other published literatures across the globe which are pertinent to this research topic.