bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fundamental Tradeoff between the Timing Benefits and Timing Costs of Accrual Accounting
Authors: Dichev Ilia D.
Published: December 2024

SYNOPSIS

Since all accruals reverse, their effect on the recognition of income is, by definition, temporary and temporal. Exploring the implications of this key property, this paper argues that both the benefits and the costs of accrual accounting largely lie in the temporal domain and that they are inextricably linked by the nature of the accrual process. For example, it is impossible to have the benefit of early accruals for long-term obligations, such as pensions, without the noise in income introduced by the deviation of long-term pension estimates from their corresponding realizations. Thus, the fundamental tradeoff of timing benefits and timing costs lies at the heart of accrual accounting and critically shapes its characteristics and function. Although some of these core properties of accrual accounting have been long known, this paper argues that they are not fully appreciated and discusses a number of possible implications for standard setting and academic research.
Single-Use Plastic in the Lebanese Restaurants: Awareness and Environmental Impacts during the Economic Crisis: A Case Study of Touristic Regions
Authors: Renzi Monia
Published: December 2024

In recent years, single-use plastics have attracted increasing interest, mainly because they are suspected of accumulating in
the environment and thus also in biota. Although they have been studied by researchers to investigate their impact on health,
the economy, society and the environment, plastics have become the most important material used in our daily lives. They
are present in the catering industry due to their durability, low cost and ease of use in construction, replacing many other
materials. However, the same properties that make plastics so advantageous also make them undesirable for the environment,
especially as most plastic are designed to be thrown away immediately after a single use. The aim of this study is to assess
the awareness and environmental impact of single-use plastic in Lebanese restaurants in order to investigate the lifespan
of plastic and the potential to replace it with sustainable and biodegradable products. The results show that despite their
responses indicating a strong environmental awareness, managers are still in favor of using single-use plastic.
PARA ALÉM DO BÁSICO: SEGURANÇA E SOBERANIA ALIMENTAR A PARTIR DO PNAE NAS ESCOLAS MUNICIPAIS DE MORRINHOS-GO
Authors: Urzêda Andressa de Fátima Barbosa , Silva Thiago Henrique Costa , Jordão Luciana Ramos , Silva Nara Rúbia Rodrigues do Nascimento
Published: December 2024

O direito humano à alimentação adequada (DHAA) é um pilar essencial das liberdades fundamentais e da dignidade humana, indispensável para o pleno exercício dos demais direitos. No Brasil, a luta contra a fome é uma constante histórica, exigindo a priorização de políticas públicas que garantam a segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN) e promovam o direito humano à alimentação. Nesse contexto, o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) destaca-se como uma política pública fundamental para assegurar a SAN nas escolas públicas e fomentar a agricultura familiar. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar os desafios e a efetividade do PNAE na promoção da SAN no município de Morrinhos, Goiás, conforme as diretrizes da Lei nº 11.947/2009. Especificamente, busca-se investigar o repasse financeiro, a participação da agricultura familiar, a adesão dos alunos à alimentação escolar e as ações de educação alimentar realizadas. Utilizando abordagem qualitativa, os métodos dedutivo e histórico foram combinados para analisar dados empíricos fornecidos pela Secretaria de Educação de Morrinhos (SEMED). Concluiu-se que o PNAE tem sido efetivo na promoção da SAN, mas enfrenta desafios significativos, como a necessidade de fiscalização mais rigorosa para garantir o cumprimento integral de suas diretrizes.
Model of tectonic stress in the Eastern Baltic region
Authors:   Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Center, Riga, Nikulins Valerijs , Malytskyy Dmytro ,   Carpathian Branch of Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The parameters and mechanisms of the source of modern earthquakes in the Eastern Baltic region are systematized. The predominant types of focal mechanisms of continental earthquakes are strike-slip and reverse. A generalized map of the orientation of maximum horizontal stresses in the East Baltic region and adjacent territories has been created. To create this map, we utilized the World Stress Map database and added the directions of maximum horizontal stresses in Estonia. The direction of maximum horizontal stresses changes from north (Estonia) to south (Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation) from 102º–114º to 157º–166º. The study investigated how the deep geological structure and gravitational forces in different parts of the earth's crust affect the direction of maximum horizontal stresses. It was observed that the direction of maximum horizontal stress changed when crossing only one of a deep tectonic fault. The direction of maximum horizontal stress showed the high correlation values with the gravitational effect of the sedimentary cover (negative correlation), the averaged difference gravitational field, and the gravitational effect of the crustal layer up to the Conrad boundary.
Two impact craters at Emmerting, Germany: field documentation and geophysics
Authors:   nstitute of Rock Structure and Mechanics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kalenda Pavel , Thinová Lenka ,   Czech Technical University, Tengler Rudolf ,   Mělník, Czech Republic, Procházka Václav ,   Czech Technical University, Mizera Jiří ,   Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Acade, Martinec Petr ,   nstitute of Geonics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kletetschka Günther ,   Institute of Hydrogeology, Engineering, Geology and Applied Geophysics, Charles University; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Trojek Tomáš ,   Czech Technical University
Published: December 2024

New research of two craters at Emmerting (No. 4 and No. 5), Germany, is presented. This paper should be the first part of two papers concerning presumed impact craters at Emmerting. The second paper will be about mineralogical/petrological, temperature and stress analyses. The enstatite-dominated meteoritic material, found in the crater No. 4 [Procházka et al., 2022; Procházka, 2023], is the subject of a separate detailed research. High-temperature effects and extreme deformation are significant in both craters. This deformation is explained with the effects of pressure wave(s) and later decompression in a target dominated by large but unconsolidated pebbles. Mutual collisions and secondary projectiles were documented. While most pebbles in the Crater No. 4 were thermally affected, the fine-grained fraction of the filling is poor in such material. It follows that small particles were volatilized and/or blown away during crater formation, or transported away later (e.g., by groundwater). Gamma-ray spectrometry has indicated that the walls of Crater No. 4 are significantly enriched in major natural radionuclides of Th, K and partly U, while the crater interior is depleted in these elements which are concentrated mainly in fine-grained fractions. This suggests a selective removal and volatilization of fine-grained material during the crater formation. The georadar measurements at both craters show that crater rims (walls) were partly pushed from below and partly heaped up from above with material that came from the crater interior. Georadar detected a compact body below the crater floor which is supported by results of resistivity measurements. A set of geophysical, geochemical, microscopic and mineralogical measurements proved that the craters at Emmerting are of impact origin. Extreme high temperature (HT) conditions inside the crater and small diameter of both craters indicate possible existence of very small meteoroids that are able to penetrate Earth´s atmosphere with high impact velocity (more than 30 km/s). This fact should challenge current models of bolide penetration through atmosphere.
Nature-Like Technologies as an Innovative Feedback to the Challenges of the XXI Century
Authors: Polyakov Vyacheslav V.
Published: December 2024

A comprehensive analysis of the concept of nature-like technologies is presented. Various approaches to understanding the essence of this concept are studied, and their inherent similarities are analysed. Definite cases of implementation of the nature-like technologies into the various sectors of economy are provided, efficiency of these technologies is evaluated, and the main obstacles hindering their wide-spreading are identified. Particular attention is paid to the use of nature-like technologies in the agro-industrial complex and to their potential in the context of solving the environmental problems.
STUDY OF THE AWARENESS OF PHARMACY VISITORS AND PHARMACY SPECIALISTS REGARDING THE SIDE EFFECTS OF COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES AND APPROACHES TO IMPROVING PHARMACEUTICAL CARE AT THEIR DISCHARGE FROM THE PHARMACY
Authors: Kalko K.O. , Bukataru Yu.S. , Hainiuk M.B. , Budenkova G.O. , Savokhina M.V. , Peryzhniak A.I. , Bondariev Ye.V.
Published: December 2024

The purpose – to investigate the awareness of pharmacy visitors, pharmacists andpharmacists’ assistants, who discharge them. regarding the side effects of the combinedoral contraceptives (COCs) and to propose approaches to improving pharmaceuticalcare during their discharge.Methods of scientific research. In order to study the awareness of pharmacy visitors andpharmacy specialists regarding the side effects of combined oral contraceptives, a survey ofthese groups of respondents was conducted using questionnaires developed by the authors.Results. The survey results show that pharmacy visitors were familiar with such possible sideeffects of COC as hypertension and cardiovascular disease (12 % of respondents), migraine(8 %), depression and mood disorders (6 %), risk of developing cancer (2 %) and only 1 percent were concerned about an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Regarding the needto take into account the feasibility of co-administration of COCs with other medications taken by 87 % of respondents are not familiar with this concept. In 7 % of cases, pharmacyvisitors are aware of contraindications to prescribing COC, and 93 % of respondentsdo not have this information. The results of a survey of pharmacy professionals showthat 78 % of respondents are aware of the possible side effects of COCs and 22 % arenot sufficiently aware of this information. The lack of awareness of pharmacy visitorsabout the possible side effects of COC can be improved by providing pharmaceuticalcounselling when dispensing these drugs from pharmacies.Conclusions. Pharmaceutical counselling is a necessary component of improving thepharmacological safety of COC use and, in addition to familiarisation with the specificsof the drug’s use, should also include such key elements as possible side effects andcontraindications and issues of interaction with other drugs, food, and alcohol.
CHOICE OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY IN PREGNANT WOMEN: ANALYSIS OF CURRENT GUIDELINES
Authors: Bukataru Yu.S. , Kalko K.O. , Labibi I. , Savohina M.V. , Bondarev E.V. , Kononenko A.V. , Gerush O.V.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the work – to carry out an analysis of modern international guidelines forthe treatment of arterial hypertension in pregnant women.Conclusions. According to the most recommendations, labetalol, nifedipine, andmethyldopa in solid dosage form are the drugs of the first line of therapy. Labetalol(intravenous), hydralazine (intravenous or intramuscular) and immediate- releasenifedipine are used in emergency settings. For the purpose of pharmacocorrection ofpreeclampsia, the appointment of acetylsalicylic acid is relevant, the dose range of thedrug ranges from 75 to 162 mg/day before bedtime.
FORMATION OF CRITICAL THINKING OF MEDICAL STUDENTS AS A COMPONENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors: Garvasiuk O.V. , Ilika V.V. , Tkachuk S.S. , Namestiuk S.V. , Batih I.V. , Malaiko S.S.
Published: December 2024

In the global practice of critical thinking development, many techniques, methods, and programs have been developed, each of which leads to the desired result. When using different techniques for developing critical thinking, teachers face a number of difficulties in specific situations, including the age of the subjects of the learning process, the academic discipline in which critical thinking is being formed, the psychological climate within the collective, and the form of organizing the learning process. Therefore, for each case, the techniques will represent a set of tasks (techniques, methods) that are part of a specific criterion for developing critical thinking. The methods of developing critical thinking include the following: technology for developing critical thinking through reading and writing, insert, cluster, mind map, fish-bone technique, question cube, question daisy, cinquain, «thick» and «thin» question technique, «Six Thinking Hats», «Lotus Flower», «Predictions Tree (Decisions)», creating problematic situations, case studies, essay writing, incomplete sentence technique, knowledge building technique, etc. This article will focus on the most commonly used techniques for developing critical thinking in medical students studying the subject of pathomorphology at the Department of Pathological Anatomy of Bukovinian State Medical University.
 
The aim – to justify the appropriateness of using different methods of developing critical thinking in a higher education medical institution, as well as their implementation in the educational process of students studying the discipline «pathomorphology». Conclusions. Critical thinking is a crucial factor for success in the XXIst century. It is the art of analysis, scientific thinking, and making well-thought-out and independent decisions. Critical thinking represents a distinct type of thinking characterised by activity, purposefulness, independence, discipline, and reflection. In the process of educating medical students, it involves the development of the ability to identify problems, analyse, synthesise, assimilate information from any source, propose alternatives and evaluate them, choose the method of problem- solving or their own position and justify their views, make conscious choices and take action. A future doctor should possess critical thinking skills in order to quickly develop a treatment strategy in emergency situations. It is important introducing education that fosters the development of critical thinking (solving real problems and students making decisions in various situations) and provide sound reasons for choosing the most appropriate methods, techniques, forms, and means of teaching.
THE ROLE OF UROGENITAL INFECTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA
Authors: Rak L.M.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study – to examine the species composition and role of infectious (bacterial) factors in the development of background and precancerous cervical pathology, in order to improve the treatment effectiveness of this condition.
 
Materials and Methods. A comprehensive examination of 64 women of the reproductive age was conducted. The patients had verified precancerous cervical pathology (mild and moderate dysplasia – CIN 1 and CIN 2, respectively), diagnosed through objective examination. They underwent cervical inspection using mirrors, simple and extended colposcopy, cytological diagnostics, and cervical biopsy with subsequent histological examination and proliferation marker analysis (p16 and Ki-67, as indicated). The species spectrum of vaginal and cervical canal microflora was studied in the above- mentioned patients.
The presence of pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial microflora, including sexually transmitted infection (STI) pathogens (chlamydia, trichomonas, Gardnerella, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, gonococci, viral agents such as herpes simplex virus type II), was determined. Diagnostic methods for vaginal and cervical canal microbiocenosis and STIs included bacterioscopy (Gram stain), bacteriological examination with the determination of microbial count and antibiotic sensitivity, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). For opportunistic microflora and mycoplasma/ureaplasma infection (Mycoplasma hominis/Ureaplasma urealyticum), a titer of 1x10^4 and above was considered etiologically significant. A systematic analysis method was employed to process various sources available through PubMed, BMC, ScienceDirect, The Lancet, and The WHO.
 
Results. As a result of the examinations, all patients (100 %) with confirmed cervical dysplasia had some form of pathogenic bacterial microflora or high-titer opportunistic microorganisms. The majority of women (81.2 %) had microbial associations (ranging from 2 to 5 microbial agents). High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) was detected in 51.6 % of the women, though it was not present in all patients. The combination of bacterial flora with HR-HPV correlated with the severity of dysplasia.
Conclusions: 1. At the diagnostic stage, in patients with background cervical pathology and cervical neoplasia, in addition to HR-HPV DNA diagnostics, testing for urogenital infections, sexually transmitted infections, and opportunistic microflora is essential, with microbial counts and antibiotic sensitivity taken into account. 2. Treatment for the above category of patients should be phased, starting with a conservative course of therapy for urogenital infections.
INTEREST RATE HIKE AND THE INSTABILITY IN THE U.S. BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: Vo Lai , Le Huong
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the effect of interest rate changes on the U.S. banks’ performance captured by unrealized losses, investment securities allocation, and deposit withdrawal. We show that a sudden surge in interest rates could lead to massive losses, potentially erasing the market value of a bank's equity capital. We further show that the U.S. banks have switched more available-for-sale securities to held-to-maturity securities to reduce the realized losses. Moreover, such an increase in interest rates could prompt depositors, particularly those with uninsured deposits, to withdraw their funds. These factors pose significant risks to banks, as evidenced by some recent abrupt failures in the U.S. banking sector.
The prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, stimulant, khat, and cannabis use among school-going students in African and Arab countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Moubchiri Chaimaa El , Chahboune Mohamed , Guennouni Morad , Hilali Abderraouf
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The objectives of this review and meta-analysis were twofold: first, to determine the prevalence of substance use among school-going children in Arab and African countries; and second, to highlight the considerable influence of variables such as the nation’s region and the timeframe of the study on the prevalence of substance use.Methods: Research was sourced from Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Thirty-seven articles were incorporated in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. This review included studies published from 2013 to 2023. The statistical meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis ver. 3 software. Across 37 studies, the total number of study participants was 73,508.Results: The meta-analysis revealed that tobacco was the most commonly used substance, with a prevalence of 16% (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.7%–20.02%). This was closely followed by alcohol, which had a prevalence of 15% (95% CI, 10.5%–22.8%), stimulants at 11.4% (95% CI, 7.4%–17%), khat at 10% (95% CI, 5.7%–15%), and cannabis at 8% (95% CI, 3.3%–18.4%). Notably, alcohol was the only substance that showed an increasing trend in prevalence from before to after 2019, rising from 13.3% (95% CI, 6.2%–26.1%) to 17% (95% CI, 10.2%–27%) (p<0.001). Additionally, the prevalence of substance use varied significantly between Arab and African countries (p<0.001).Conclusion: Although the prevalence of substance use among school-going populations has significantly decreased over time, with the exception of alcohol, it is imperative that both African and Arab countries implement comprehensive measures and stringent laws to address the production and marketing of substances.
Sesizarea Curţii Europene a Drepturilor Omului în vederea emiterii unui aviz consultativ
Authors: Criste Lucian
Published: December 2024

România a ratificat Protocolul nr. 16 la Convenţia pentru apărarea drepturilor omului şi a libertăţilor fundamentale prin Legea nr. 172/2022. Protocolul nr. 16 extinde competența Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului conferindu-i posibilitatea emiterii unor avize consultative cu privire la chestiuni de principiu legate de interpretarea și aplicarea drepturilor și libertăților fundamentale prevăzute de Convenție și de protocoalele sale adiționale. Procedura de sesizare a Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului în vederea emiterii unui aviz consultativ a fost reglementată în dreptul intern prin Legea nr. 173/2022.
Prezentul articol abordează aspectele procedurale specifice sesizării Curții europene în vederea emiterii unui aviz consultativ în procedurile jurisdicționale care au legătură cu materia penală. Sub actuala reglementare, jurisdicțiile naționale competente să sesizeze Curtea Europeană a Drepturilor Omului sunt Înalta Curte de Casație și Justiție și Curtea Constituțională. Am opinat că opțiunea legiuitorului în ceea ce privește titularii sesizării anihilează practic accesul la acest mecanism persoanelor care participă la procesele penale judecate în primă instanță de judecătorii și tribunale. O secțiune separată este alocată condițiilor substanțiale și formale de sesizare a Curții europene. În acest context am indicat o serie de repere doctrinare și jurisprudențiale relevante. Mai apoi am prezentat aspectele procedurale specifice declanșării acestui mecanism procesual în fața jurisdicțiilor naționale.
În continuare am analizat procedura desfășurată în fața Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului, care se realizează în două etape: verificarea admisibilității sesizării și soluționarea propriu-zisă a acesteia. Cu toate că avizul consultativ nu are caracter obligatoriu pentru jurisdicția națională care l-a solicitat, am alocat o secțiune separată efectelor pe care le produce în raport cu autoritate de lucru interpretat specifică hotărârilor și deciziilor pronunțate de Curtea Europeană a Drepturilor Omului (res interpretata).
Relaţia dintre infracţiunea de încredinţare a unui vehicul şi uciderea din culpă
Authors: Chifor Alin
Published: December 2024

Doctrina și practica judiciară se regăsesc în acest moment într-un veritabil labirint de opinii în ceea ce privește relația dintre infracțiunea de încredințare a unui vehicul (infracțiune obstacol) și uciderea din culpă. Miza încercărilor doctrinare de a ieși din acest labirint nu se rezumă doar la a oferi practicii judiciare repere utile în soluționarea spețelor care pun această problemă. Dimpotrivă, exercițiul intelectual pe care îl presupune e unul complex, care provoacă interlocutorii la discuții privind latura obiectivă a infracțiunilor și trăsăturile lor definitorii, instituția cauzalității, cu multitudinea ei de teorii mai mult sau mai puțin eficiente, discuții privind instituția vinovăției sau reflecții în ceea ce privește justețea din spatele unei încadrări juridice în raport cu principiul răspunderii subiective din dreptul penal român. Astfel, soluțiile la care ajunge doctrina cu privire la această problematică au vocația generalizării, în sensul că pot constitui un punct de plecare în analizarea ipotezelor similare care presupun alte infracțiuni sau instituții juridice. Relația dintre cele două infracțiuni evidențiază importanța lor ca instrumente de analiză în studiul infracțiunilor obstacol, o arie încă insuficient explorată de doctrina autohtonă. Fără a pretinde exhaustivitate sau a propune soluții definitive, acest demers urmărește să evalueze stadiul actual al dezbaterii în doctrina română și să contribuie la această discuție relevantă.
În acest sens, în dezvoltarea silogismului pe care îl propunem, vom analiza succint starea în care se află doctrina și practica în raport cu relația dintre cele două infracțiuni (secțiunea 1). Ulterior, vom stabili premisele esențiale ale raționamentului juridic, pornind de la trăsăturile esențiale ale infracțiunii de încredințare a unui vehicul (subsecțiunea 2.1.), cu accent pe includerea acesteia în categoria infracțiunilor obstacol (subsecțiunea 2.2.), pentru ca mai apoi să prezentăm modul atipic de soluționare a răspunderii pentru infracțiunea de ucidere din culpă (subsecțiunea 2.3.). După aceea, vom stabili în ce măsură acțiunea de încredințare a unui vehicul poate fi considerată cauză juridică a decesului victimei, folosind teoria imputării obiective a rezultatului, dar conjugat cu elemente alor alte instituții importante, precum teoria autorului mediat (subsecțiunile 2.4.3. și 2.4.4.).
Dubla incriminare în materia cooperării judiciare în materie penală la nivel European
Authors: Zdrob Lavinia Gabriela
Published: December 2024

Prezenta lucrare urmărește să analizeze instituția dublei incriminări ca o condiție procedurală pentru diferite proceduri de cooperare judiciară în materie penală în sistemul juridic european.
Demersul analitic va debuta cu stabilirea naturii juridice a dublei incriminări, care a făcut obiectul unei ample dezbateri doctrinare. Studiul va aborda principalele argumente prezentate și va comenta consecințele fiecăruia dintre ele, stabilind de ce o anumită viziune asupra dublei incriminări este preferabilă în raport cu alta.
În continuare, ne vom concentra pe modul în care cerința dublei incriminări este evaluată în cadrul procedurilor penale transnaționale, concentrându-se pe dihotomia in concreto-in abstracto, așa cum a fost promovată în literatura de specialitate. Această secțiune a studiului va fi construită în jurul jurisprudenței Curții de Justiție a Uniunii Europene, care, după cum se va vedea pe parcursul lucrării, a promovat o viziune care nu este lipsită de inconsecvențe în ceea ce privește aspecte identice. Vom încerca, de asemenea, să aducem în discuție modul în care jurisprudența Curții Europene și principiile directoare privind evaluarea dublei incriminări au fost transpuse pe plan intern.
În plus, vor fi analizate situațiile în care este eliminat controlul dublei incriminări, având ca punct de plecare raționamentul care stă la baza alegerii acelor comportamente infracționale specifice.
În cele din urmă, vom examina, de asemenea, posibilele probleme care apar în ceea ce privește eficacitatea procedurilor de cooperare, încercând să stabilească dacă cele 32 de infracțiuni de pe listă pot fi armonizate la nivel european, astfel încât să se protejeze eficacitatea procedurilor de cooperare.
Funcţia de procuror şef al Secţiei judiciare, la Parchetul de pe lângă Curtea de Apel Târgu Mureş, în perioada 2017-2022
Authors: Ștefan Cristian Valentin
Published: December 2024

Cadrul normativ de exercitare a funcției de procuror șef al Secției judiciare la parchetul de pe lângă curtea de apel include reglementarea atât a atribuțiilor judiciare, cât și a atribuțiilor administrative. Reglementarea și a atribuțiilor judiciare trebuie să fie cunoscută din două motive. Mai întâi, funcția de procuror șef al Secției judiciare nu este una totalmente administrativă. Există în competența ei și atribuții judiciare, câtă vreme procurorul șef al Secției judiciare participă la judecarea unor cauze penale și civile, potrivit legii. Apoi, atribuțiile administrative se exercită asupra atribuțiilor judiciare ale procurorilor cu funcții de execuție. Reținem deci că atribuțiile proprii funcției de procuror șef al Secției judiciare sunt de două tipuri: judiciare și administrative. Atribuțiile judiciare, specifice funcției de execuție (de procuror de ședință), sunt: participarea la judecarea cauzelor, declararea căilor de atac, examinarea cauzelor de aplicare neunitară a legii și analizarea soluțiilor de achitare, restituire la parchet și trimitere la procuror. Atribuțiile administrative, specifice funcției de conducere (de procuror șef), sunt: organizarea, conducerea și controlul activității procurorilor cu funcții de execuție (a procurorilor de ședință).
În studiul de față îmi propun să cercetez felul în care au fost puse în operă atât atribuțiile administrative, cât și atribuțiile judiciare ale procurorului șef al Secției judiciare, la Parchetul de pe lângă Curtea de Apel Târgu Mureș, în perioada 2017-2022.
Agua y salud: los y las estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias y la crisis hidrica
Authors: Ferreira Ana Lara , Holgado Algorta Milenka , Martínez-Iparaguerre María Pía , Villareal Joaquín , Rodríguez Pilar , Seguí Florencia , Caetano Perez Jose Carlos , Rodríguez Santiago , Sologaistoa Rodrigo , Bauzada Garay Alejandra , Cerruti Paulina , Chalar Guillermo , Kruk Carla
Published: December 2024

En el curso de grado “Agua para la Salud Ambiental y Humana” y en un contexto de déficit hídrico que afectó a más del 50% de la población uruguaya en el año 2023 nos preguntamos como estudiantes y docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias ¿Cuáles fueron las causas y consecuencias de esta crisis, cuáles son los aportes y percepciones de los y las estudiantes y cómo podemos contribuir a prevenir los problemas de salud asociados? En este marco, nuestro objetivo fue reflexionar sobre la problemática en base a revisión de informes, publicaciones y prensa, el desarrollo temporal de la crisis y los resultados de cuestionarios realizados a los y las estudiantes de esta Facultad en cuanto a sus opiniones y prácticas en torno a la crisis hídrica, con la meta de contribuir a prevenir los problemas de salud de la población. La crisis no fue un evento aislado, sino que resultó de un proceso temporal, de lucha de poderes, formas de producción y cambios globales, involucrando distintos actores y actoras, instituciones y organizaciones. Esta crisis generó riesgos agudos y crónicos que afectaron a la población de manera desigual y se caracterizó por una gran actividad de la prensa y la divulgación de información insuficiente y confusa. La comunidad de la Universidad tuvo un rol importante, tanto en investigación como en difusión, y gran parte de las y los estudiantes participaron de actividades relacionadas. Sin embargo, también identificaron falta de información de calidad de esta problemática. Se presentan sugerencias de acciones a desarrollar por los/as estudiantes y la comunidad de la Facultad de Ciencias a fin de contribuir a prevenir situaciones como la pasada crisis hídrica.
Propuesta de sectorización industrial, dentro del sector industrial planificado La Plata 2. Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Ariel Luis Lucero , Viviers Ana Laura
Published: December 2024

Desde la Dirección de Industrias de la Municipalidad de La Plata, se solicitó la intervención del Área Técnica de Análisis y Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental de la actual Secretaría de Ambiente con el objetivo de organizar, desde una perspectiva ambiental, la distribución de las industrias clasificadas por su nivel de complejidad ambiental como de 1°, 2° y 3° categoría, según la Ley provincial de Radicación Industrial 11.459, dentro del predio del Sector Industrial Planificado La Plata 2, ubicado en la localidad de Abasto, partido de La Plata. Con el fin de dar respuesta al mencionado requerimiento, se realizó una relevamiento en el predio en cuestión y se implementó la metodología de Scoring Normalizado, con miras a elaborar una estrategia que proporcione un criterio razonable y técnicamente fundamentado para ubicar las industrias dentro del parque industrial, de acuerdo a las mencionadas categorías. De la aplicación de dicho método, se obtuvo como resultado y mejor alternativa, el modelo por el cual se ubican sobre calle 462 lindantes al sector NO del predio, las industrias de 3° categoría; hacia el NE del predio, sobre la proyección de la calle 229 se propone distribuir las industrias de 2° categoría y sobre el área SE, lindero a calle 492 se ubicarían las industrias de 1° categoría. Finalmente, se discuten consideraciones a fin de aportar, desde una mirada ambiental preventiva, posibles medidas que minimicen el deterioro de la calidad ambiental, producto del funcionamiento futuro de las industrias que se instalen en el Sector Industrial.
Proposta de implementação de logística reversa de munições em instituições de segurança pública brasileiras à luz da Inovação Aberta Sustentável
Authors: Haltenburg Neusa Rejane Pinheiro de Carvalho , Cândido Ana Clara
Published: December 2024

Este artigo se trata de uma proposta de estudo destinada à área de segurança pública a ser aperfeiçoada (logística reversa das munições deflagradas em treinamento), com propósito de reciclagem dos resíduos produzidos. Problemas complexos de gestão de resíduos afligem a sociedade e já estão na agenda dos governantes e legisladores, porém ainda é grande o desafio. Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar barreiras e incentivos à implementação de logística reversa de resíduos. Previamente, foram caracterizados os interesses dos atores envolvidos para a construção colaborativa de solução(ões) de logística reversa para o caso das munições. O estudo também busca descrever como o olhar para processos colaborativos – Inovação Aberta, com viés sustentável, pode contribuir efetivamente como oportunidades de solução a desafios de uma organização. Por meio da metodologia qualitativa foram realizadas entrevistas com instituições policiais e obtido destas quais os obstáculos internos ou externos à implementação de logística reversa, assim como as medidas incentivadoras da logística reversa a fim de direcionar e de aumentar esforços para superação dos obstáculos. Como resultado, verificou-se que os obstáculos apontados pelos entrevistados estão em maior número no  âmbito interno, com itens essenciais. Neste estudo também foi possível incrementar o atual status do conhecimento quando se trata da logística reversa de estojos de munições deflagradas.
Direitos territoriais caiçaras
Authors: Bello Enzo , Benette Paula
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta e discute conflitos fundiários envolvendo direitos territoriais de comunidades tradicionais caiçaras na região de Paraty, litoral sul (“Costa Verde”) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se da luta por direitos humanos em que as comunidades tradicionais caiçaras das praias do Sono e de Ponta Negra resistem a investidas de representantes do projeto desenvolvimentista do regime autoritário-civil-militar empresarial e do capital financeiro-imobiliário, caracterizando-se expropriação violenta de terras tradicionais por entes públicos e particulares. O objetivo geral é demonstrar como ocorre a dinâmica da resistência popular diante da insuficiência de normas jurídicas e da atuação inadequada de instituições do sistema de justiça (como a Defensoria Pública) para a defesa de direitos territoriais caiçaras, o que caracteriza violações de direitos humanos. O referencial teórico-metodológico é o da Teoria Crítica, nas suas vertentes da Crítica do Direito e dos Direitos Humanos. A pesquisa tem natureza qualitativa, empírica e teórica, com perfil multidisciplinar jurídico-sociológica, adotando o raciocínio dialético (indutivo e dedutivo), relacionando práxis e teoria. As técnicas de pesquisa adotadas são revisão bibliográfica, análise documental, observação não participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e amostragem por “bola de neve”. As fontes primárias são os dados de entrevistas e processos legislativos e judiciais. Já as fontes secundárias são a legislação brasileira e estrangeira, tratados internacionais, teses, dissertações, livros e artigos. Os principais resultados e conclusões da pesquisa são os indicativos de novas formas de intervenção das instituições nos territórios sob conflito, para fomentar o protagonismo dos sujeitos sociais caiçaras em sua luta por direitos.
Degraded Citizenship: Workers in Mexican and Argentinian Vineyards during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Martha Judith , Quaranta Germán
Published: December 2024

This article describes the situation of men and women workers in two wine-making regions important in the global world of wine: the Uco Valley in Mendoza, Argentina, and the Guadalupe Valley in Baja California, Mexico. The research delves into the kinds of responses from states, social organi-zations, and unions to the deepening of social inequalities caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Their actions result in a specific configuration of citi-zenship that reflects the rights achieved by the global viticultural workers. The authors’ conclusion is that recognition by the state of the political and union rights of vineyard workers, both men and women, continues to be weak, and that government actions put a priority on covering vulnerable populations’ social rights
National System of Researchers and the Pandemic: Professional Exhaustion or Job Motivation?
Authors: Acuña Gamboa Luis Alan , Mérida Martínez Yliana , Gutierrez Benitez Jorge Gustavo
Published: December 2024

The National System of Researchers has become an indispensable pa-rameter in the evaluation of public and private institutions of higher educa-tion and research centers in Mexico. This article, therefore, aims to deter-mine the existing relationships between the National System of Researchers and the development of professional burn-out or job motivation among professors in in the country’s institutions of higher learning during the Co-vid-19 lockdown. Using a descriptive and correlational design as well as an online survey, the authors gather and analyze the experiences of 334 aca-demics, members of this system, who voluntarily agreed to participate in the research. The findings indicate that during the pandemic, workdays grew longer, and professional exhaustion and job demotivation increased. This leads them to conclude that despite the issue being studied over the last ten years, lines of research are emerging that would look into the search for improving work scenarios in Mexico’s scientific and technologi-cal community.
Lexicon, Gastronomy and Culture: Loja (Ecuador) and Cerro Azul, Veracruz (Mexico)
Authors: Morett Álvarez Sonia Elisa , Zambrano Ojeda Isis Nathaly
Published: December 2024

"This article exhibits a lexicological approach to different dishes belonging to the heritage culture of Loja and Cerro Azul. The main objective is to verify the links between language and culture, taking food as an empirical testimony. Through the information provided by six interviewees, we selected four common reference lexical areas for regional gastronomy from two geographically distant areas, we selected four referential fields common to the regional gastronomy of two geographically distant areas but with shared elements. The peculiarities that characterize culinary preparations and associated traditions are considered. Our perspective is ethnolinguistic and historical, and seeks to motivate reflection on the importance of culture-centered approaches in lexical studies to the study of lexis.Keywords: cultural meaning; ethnolinguistic sign; gastronomic lexicon; lexicon of American Spanish; traditional dishes; cultural parallels."
Araiza, Karina y Stephen A. Marlett. (2021). Conceptos de lingüística descriptiva: Un acercamiento a las lenguas del mundo. México: Instituto de Lingüística de Verano, A. C.
Authors: García Salido Gabriela , Pérez-Pérez Manuel Andrés
Published: December 2024

"El comportamiento del lenguaje, su diversidad y universalidad son aspectos fascinantes para adentrarse al estudio de la lingüística. Araiza y Marlett crean una obra de carácter aplicado cuya principal aportación es brindar un material sumamente accesible tanto para hablantes nativos –como lo mencionan los propios autores— como para estudiantes de las ciencias del lenguaje y estudiosos de las lenguas.El libro Conceptos de lingüística descriptiva: Un acercamiento a las lenguas del mundo, sin duda, será una obra de consulta obligatoria y necesaria para todo aquel que desee iniciarse en la lingüística descriptiva, o bien, para todo aquel que necesite familiarizarse con el estudio del lenguaje.Esta obra aporta contribuciones en distintos ámbitos. Uno de los aportes más notables es que con este material se promueve el desarrollo lingüístico y la capacitación de los hablantes nativos de lenguas originarias, ya que es un libro que se desarrolló para la clase de Introducción a la lingüística, dentro del Diplomado Internacional de Lingüística Aplicada (DILA). Otra contribución es el formato y la accesibilidad de la obra, ya que, por su alcance, puede tener un impacto en la formación y preparación de estudiantes."
Returning to the Young Talcott Parsons: The Critique of Utilitarian Rationality, the Problem of Social Integration, and the Role of institutions and Their Link to Ultimate Values
Authors: Opazo Marmentini Juan Enrique
Published: December 2024

This research explains and discusses a series of conceptualizations develo-ped by the young sociologist Talcott Parsons, linking them through three crosscutting themes: the critique of utilitarian rationality, the problem of so-cial integration, and the role of institutions and their links to ultimate values. In his writings prior to the publication of The Structure of Social Action, the young Parsons expresses a process of an open-ended search. He delves into issues linked to the challenges involved in the critical situation of the capitalism and the liberalism of his time. More than the systematic results, this analysis invites the reader to concentrate on how the author deals with these challenges. Focusing on these efforts goes beyond a purely contem-plative issue regarding the history of social thought. In the author’s view, those efforts can help us shed light on the ways of thinking about current problems derived from the crises of contemporary capitalism and liberalism.
Impact of the Social Boost Centers Program on Social Cohesion in Marginalized Areas of Guanajuato, Mexico
Authors: Mosqueda Tapia Eloy
Published: December 2024

The aim of this article is to delve into the influence the Guanajuato govern-ment 2017 Centers for Social Advancement Program had on increasing so-cial cohesion in the poor, highly marginalized areas it was implemented in. The study concludes that no significant relation can be drawn between parti-cipation and the existence of greater social cohesion compared to the places where it was not implemented. This can be explained in part by the dynamic of the social program itself. The author considers that the article’s main con-tribution is that it offers a tool, the social cohesion index, to evaluate these kinds of programs that aim to influence this topic of worldwide importance
Surface water change of a small lake in Central Asia and climatic factors: A dynamic linear model analysis
Authors: Jakubik Petr , Teleuov Akylzhan , Teleu Saida
Published: December 2024

The area of lake surface water is shrinking rapidly in Central Asia. We explore anthropogenic and climate factors driving this trend in Shalkar Lake, located in the Aral Sea region in Kazakhstan, Central Asia. We employ the Landsat satellite archive to map interannual changes in surface water between 1986 and 2021. The high temporal resolution of our dataset allows us to analyze the water surface data to investigate the time series of surface water change, economic and agricultural activities, and climate drivers like precipitation, evaporation, and air temperature. Toward this end, we utilize dynamic linear models (DLM). Our findings suggest that the shrinking of Shalkar Lake does not exhibit a systemic trend that could be associated with climate factors. Our empirical analysis, adopted to address local conditions, reveals that water reduction in the area is related to human interventions, particularly agricultural activities during the research period. On the other hand, the retrospectively fitted values indicate a semi-regular periodicity despite anthropogenic factors. Our results demonstrate that climate factors still play an essential role and should not be disregarded. Additionally, considering long-term climate projections in environmental impact assessment is crucial. The projected increase in temperatures and the corresponding decline in lake size highlights the need for proactive measures in managing water resources under changing climatic conditions.
The impact of corporate ESG ratings on firm value under risk events—The case of the New Crown Epidemic
Authors: Xuan Jiarui , Walsh John
Published: December 2024

As the global ecological and environmental problems become more and more serious, the concept of green finance and sustainable development has been advocated by more and more domestic and foreign experts, scholars and investors, and the Environmental Responsibility, Social Responsibility, and Corporate Governance (ESG) rating has gradually become a hotspot of attention. ESG is a kind of investment concept and a comprehensive assessment criterion of corporate performance for systematic evaluation of enterprises, and it has become an important indicator of the ability of measuring the sustainable development of enterprises. It has become an important indicator of corporate sustainable development capability. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between ESG ratings and cumulative abnormal returns of listed companies’ stocks under the impact of sudden risk events. The outbreak of the New Crown epidemic as an exogenous risk event provides an opportunity for this paper. This paper examines the role of firms’ ESG ratings and the three sub-dimensions of ratings on the cumulative abnormal returns of listed firms’ stocks during the New Crown Epidemic outbreak and verifies the role of ESG ratings on firms in times of crisis. The final regression results prove that under the impact of sudden exogenous risk events, listed firms’ ESG ratings have a positive effect on the cumulative abnormal stock returns during the event window. Finally, this paper provides recommendations to help firms and investors prevent and mitigate risks.
Insight into the level of risk knowledge among healthcare professionals at Hassan II Hospital in Settat, Morocco, and the possibility of modeling during and after the COVID-19 period
Authors: Ouasfi Abdessamad , Jounaidi Khaoula , Hamdoune Meryem , Rakib Khalid , Gantare Abdellah
Published: December 2024

The hospital is a complex system, which evolving practices, knowledge, tools, and risks. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge about risks at Hassan II Hospital among healthcare workers (HCWs) working in three COVID-19 units. The action-research method was adopted to address occupational risks associated with the pandemic. The study involved 82 healthcare professionals in the three COVID-19 units mentioned above. All participants stated they were familiar with hospital risks. Seventy-four HCPs reported no knowledge of how to calculate risk criticality, while eight mentioned the Occurrence rating, Severity rating, and Detection rating (OSD) method, considering Occurrence rating, Severity rating, and Detection rating as key elements for risk classification. Staff indicated that managing COVID-19 patients differs from other pathologies due to the pandemic’s evolving protocols. There is a significant lack of information among healthcare professionals about risks associated with COVID-19, highlighting the need for a hospital risk management plan at a subsequent stage.