bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEDAGOGIA E ARQUITETURA NOS ESPAÇOS DE CONVIVÊNCIA: PROPOSTAS DE ADEQUAÇÃO AO PROJETO POLÍTICO PEDAGÓGICO DO COMPLEXO EDUCACIONAL DO BAIRRO DA JUVENTUDE
Authors: Alexandre Padilha da Silva Carlos , Casagrande Samira , Luiz Vieira Jorge
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo apresenta as ações desenvolvidas pelo projeto de extensão, realizado no Bairro da Juventude em parceria com os cursos de Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Pedagogia, da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense- UNESC, sob o título "Complexo Educacional Bairro da Juventude - Criciúma/SC: Revitalização e adequação dos espaços físicos comunitários ao projeto pedagógico da instituição". Este trabalho aborda a contribuição da equipe extensionista da UNESC, formada por docentes e discentes bolsistas dos cursos de Arquitetura e Urbanismo e de Pedagogia, para a criação de novos espaços físicos aliados a uma concepção pedagógica de educação integral, que a Instituição Bairro da Juventude adota, mas que pretende ampliar a partir da revisão do seu Plano Político Pedagógico - PPP. A metodologia compreendeu reuniões semanais com as equipes das duas instituições, que ora reuniam-se nas dependências da UNESC, ora no Bairro da Juventude. Paralelamente, foram realizadas diversas visitas de campo, em distintos horários, para se avaliar as formas de apropriação dos espaços de convivência e se estes correspondiam às expectativas de ensino-aprendizagem inseridas no PPP. Do encontro das expectativas elencadas pela equipe de professores do Bairro da Juventude e dos levantamentos de campo realizados pela equipe da UNESC, foi possível se traçar algumas diretrizes de qualificação dos espaços de convivência em relação aos objetivos pedagógicos pretendidos. Com este trabalho foi possível entender a relação entre espaço, concepção pedagógica e os processos de ensino, pesquisa e extensão.Palavras chave: Bairro da Juventude, Readequação física, Concepção pedagógica, Transformação Social.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Portugal in May-July 2020: Results of the First National Serological Survey (ISNCOVID-19)
Authors: Kislaya Irina , Gonçalves Paulo , Barreto Marta , De Sousa Rita , Garcia Ana Cristina , Matos Rita , Guiomar Raquel , Rodrigues Ana Paula , ISNCOVID-19 Group On behalf of
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to estimate and describe the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibodies (immunoglobulin M and/or immunoglobulin G) in Portugal in May-July 2020.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional seroepidemiological survey was developed after the peak of the first epidemic wave on a sample of 2301 Portuguese residents, aged 1 year or older. Survey sample was selected using a two-stage stratified non-probability sampling design (quota sampling). SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies were measured in serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seroprevalence estimates of immunoglobulin M and/or immunoglobulin G and 95% confidence intervals were stratified by sex, age group, health region and education.Results: Overall, seroprevalence was 2.9% (95% confidence interval: 2.0% - 4.2%). Higher prevalence rates were observed in male (4.1%, 95% confidence interval: 2.6% - 6.6%) and those with secondary education (6.4%, 95% confidence interval: 3.2% - 12.5%). Differences in seroprevalence by age group and region were not statistically significant.Discussion: The estimated seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was higher than the cumulative incidence reported by the National Surveillance System but far from necessary to reach herd immunity.Conclusion: Our results support limited extent of infection by SARS-CoV-2 in the study population possibly due to early lockdown measures implemented in Portugal and support the need to continue monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in order to increase our knowledge about the evolution of the epidemic and to estimate the proportion of the susceptible population over time.
MENINJAU KEMBALI SUMBER LUAR ISLAM DALAM PENAFSIRAN AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Hamzani Yusri
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the foreign sources of Islam in the interpretation of the Qur'an. There are two main focuses in this article: (1) source forms outside Islam in the interpretation traditions of the Qur'an; (2) Categorization of foreign sources in interpretation traditions. The two main focuses are analyzed using al-dakhīl wa al-'aṣīl theory which emphasizes the researches of sources in the Book of Tafsir. This type of research is a research library consisting of two sources: primary and secondary. After conducting analysis of such data, the author finds that the source from outside Islam consists of isrāīliyāt and Hadith Mauḍȗ ' (false), both of which are categorized as al-Dakhīl bi al-manqȗl. In addition to these two, there are also data on science and personal opinions that contradict the values of Qur'anic that became the source of interpretation of the Qur'an, these two things are called al-Dakhīl bi al-Ra'y. Normatively, the two typhology is included in the category al-Dakhīl al-Maẓmȗm, the sources that can not be justified when used as a reference in the interpretation and category al-Dakhīl al-Maḥmȗd is a reliable source of interpretation.
Implementasi Wakaf Produktif untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Aisyah Lisda , Alimuddin Agus , Suhada Bambang
Published: March 2021

Abstrak-Wakaf sebagai salah satu ibadah yang dilakukan dengan cara memisahkan harta yang bersifat pribadi menjadi harta yang digunakan dan dimanfaatkan secara umum. Harta wakaf akan akan dimanfaatkan untuk kebutuhan bagi umat muslim dan masyarakat umum. Para ulama fikih sepakat mengartikan infak dan sedekah jariyah yang dimaksud adalah wakaf, wakaf sebagai infak dan sedekah jariyah karena mampu bertahan lama. Wakaf yang terus digunakan akan mengalirkan harta bagi wakif sekalipun ia sudah meninggal dunia. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah meneliti bagaimana implementasi wakaf produktif kepada kesejahteraan masyarakat yang ditafsirkan dengan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research dan content analysis dengan cara menafsirkan ayat Al-Qur’an yang berhubungan dengan wakaf dan tidak ada satupun ayat Al-Qur’an yang secara eksplisit menyebutkan kata wakaf. Pengelolaan dan pengawasan wakaf dilakukan dengan maksimal, agar harta yang telah diwakafkan dapat berdaya dan bermanfaat secara umum sehingga hasil dari wakaf mampu dirasakan oleh seluruh masyarakat. Cara pengelolaan wakaf yang produktif dan inovatif serta pengawasan yang dilakukan dengan intensif akan menjadikan para mauquf alaih mandiri secara ekonomi, pendidikan, kesehatan, agama.
Kata kunci: Badan Wakaf Indonesia, Wakaf Produktif, Wakaf
Pendidikan Mitigasi Bencana Kebakaran Pada Masyarakat Desa Belimbing Baru Kecamatan Sungai Pinang Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Azkia Laila , Azizah Maulida , Hikmah Nor , Damayanti Yoland , Putra Sukma Adi
Published: March 2021

Penting  bagi masyarakat untuk mengetahui, memahami serta dapat mengaplikasikannya tentang pengetahuan mitigasi bencana kebakaran yang disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat desa Belimbing Baru. Mengingat lokasi desa Belimbing Baru yang sangat jauh dari lokasi perkotaan  yang penuh dengan perbukitan serta masih banyak pohon-pohon, sehingga kalau terjadi bencana kebakaran maka masyarakat tentu akan mengalami kesulitan yang sangat besar karena desa Belimbing Baru juga belum mempunyai fasilitas mobil pemadam  kebakaran. Sehingga menjadi sangat penting sosialisasi mitigasi bencana kebakaran ini bagi warga desa Belimbing Baru, agar dapat mencegah penyebab-penyebab kebakaran secara dini, termasuk ketika terjadi bencana kebakaran bagaimana warga sudah mengetahui dan memahami tindakan apa yang harus dilakukan agar bisa selamat dan berhasil memadamkan api tersebut. Dengan adanya sosialisasi ini serta dengan penempelan poster-poster mitigasi bencana dibeberapa titik rumah warga seperti warung, dan bengkel. Maka harapannya akan semakin banyak warga yang bisa melihat dan membaca materi mitigasi bencana yang ada diposter tersebut sehingga dapat memaham serta mampu mencegah terjadinya bencana kebarakan dan mampu mengelola keadaan ketika memang benar-benar terjadi bencana kebakaran.
Algorithmic Information Distortions in Node-Aligned and Node-Unaligned Multidimensional Networks
Authors: Abrahão Felipe S. , Wehmuth Klaus , Zenil Hector , Ziviani Artur
Published: March 2021

In this article, we investigate limitations of importing methods based on algorithmic information theory from monoplex networks into multidimensional networks (such as multilayer networks) that have a large number of extra dimensions (i.e., aspects). In the worst-case scenario, it has been previously shown that node-aligned multidimensional networks with non-uniform multidimensional spaces can display exponentially larger algorithmic information (or lossless compressibility) distortions with respect to their isomorphic monoplex networks, so that these distortions grow at least linearly with the number of extra dimensions. We demonstrate that node-unaligned multidimensional networks, either with uniform or non-uniform multidimensional spaces, can also display exponentially larger algorithmic information distortions with respect to their isomorphic monoplex networks. However, unlike the previous node-aligned non-uniform case, these distortions grow at least exponentially with the number of extra dimensions. On the other hand, for node-aligned multidimensional networks with uniform multidimensional spaces, we demonstrate that any distortion can only grow up to a logarithmic order of the number of extra dimensions. Thus, these results establish that isomorphisms between finite multidimensional networks and finite monoplex networks do not preserve algorithmic information in general and highlight that the algorithmic information of the multidimensional space itself needs to be taken into account in multidimensional network complexity analysis.
Credit-Default Swaps Trading in CCPs
Authors: Rojas Cama Freddy
Published: March 2021

This paper shows the influence of CCP’s collateralization on the pricing of the Credit Default Swaps (CDS). A narrowly variant in the way the CDS seller decides over the resources in the settlement comes with a substantial change on the elements that determine the price of the CDS.
Markers of connective tissue dysfunction in terms of surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse
Authors:   I.P.Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Bezhenar V.F. , Deriy E.K. ,   I.P.Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ivanov O.A. ,   I.P.Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Azhimova Sh.M. ,   I.P.Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Palastin P.M. ,   I.P.Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a serious problem in urology and gynecology. Approximately 47% of women of working age suffer from POP. Due to the lack of uniform criteria for choosing an optimal surgical technique, POP relapses and stress urinary incontinence after pelvic floor surgeries are very common. The choice of surgical technique should be based on patient’s history as well as the results of instrumental, genetic, biochemical, morphological, and immunohistochemical examinations. This article covers the role of biochemical markers of POP analyzed in different tissues, such as blood, urine, cells of the vagina and uterosacral ligaments. It was found that different methods of POP markers identification can be used in each individual case. The decision on the tactics of surgical management of POP should be made after receiving the results of morphofunctional examination of the pelvic floor. Key words: connective tissue dysfunction, predictors, pelvic organ prolapse, gene expression
Rancang Bangun Pembuat Layout PCB Otomatis Berbasis Android
Authors: Anggi Hermawan  , Aris Sunawar  , Nur Hanifah Y
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to produce an Android-based automatic PCB layout path maker tool. This tool can automatically create a PCB layout path without etching the PCB so that it can provide efficiency in making the PCB layout path.

The research method used in this study used an experimental method with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at the Jakarta State University Jakarta mechanical workshop laboratory in January 2020, testing carried out namely manual and automatic testing, manual testing including the making of lines and flat shapes using paper media and PCB boards, automatic testing includes making pcb lines automatically using media PCB board.

The conclusion of this research is that the PCB Layout path making tool can automatically work as planned. The tool can make the PCB Layout path according to the design that is sent via Bluetooth communication serial. Automatic PCB layout maker tool has an average error percentage of under 5%. Testing is done in 2 ways, namely manual and automatic testing, in manual testing the average error is 0.297% and the automatic error testing is 0.136%.

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan alat pembuat jalur layout PCB otomatis berbasis android. Alat ini dapat membuat jalur layout PCB secara otomatis tanpa harus meng-etching PCB sehingga dapat memberikan efisiensi pada pembuatan jalur layout PCB.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium bengkel mekanik Universitas Negeri Jakarta pada bulan Januari 2020, pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu pengujian secara manual dan otomatis, pengujian manual meliputi pembuatan garis dan bangun datar menggunakan media kertas dan papan PCB, pengujian otomatis meliputi pembuatan jalur pcb secara otomatis menggunakan media papan PCB.

Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah alat pembuat jalur Layout PCB secara otomatis dapat bekerja sesuai dengan yang di rencanakan. Alat dapat membuat jalur Layout PCB sesuai dengan desain yang dikirimkan melalui serial komunikasi Bluetooth. Alat pembuat layout PCB otomatis memiliki persentase error rata-rata di bawah 5%. Pengujian dilakukan dengan 2 cara yaitu pengujian manual dan otomatis, pada pengujian manual rata-rata error didapatkan sebesar 0,297% dan pengujian otomatis rata-rata error didapatkan sebesar 0.136%.
Editor As Conductor
Authors: Manchester Ralph A
Published: March 2021

I am humbled and deeply honored to become the second editor of MPPA. To pick up the task that Alice Brandfonbrener took on 20 years ago is a huge responsibility, and time will tell if I am up to it. Jimmy Carter once commented that the most crucial election in a new democracy
is not the first but the second, as it represents the orderly transition of leadership from one group to another. It occurs to me that a crucial phase for the success of a peer-reviewed journal is likewise the transition from the founding editor to his or her successor.
Anxiety Sensitivity and Performance Anxiety in College Music Students
Authors: Stephenson Hugh , Quarrier Nicholas F
Published: March 2021

The role of individual differences in anxiety sensitivity was explored in a sample of 67 college-level music students. Individuals high in anxiety sensitivity report greater fear of bodily sensations. Although developed in research on panic disorder, anxiety sensitivity was hypothesized
to predict performance anxiety. Anxiety sensitivity was found to predict performance anxiety and was a better predictor than trait anxiety. Overall, anxiety sensitivity was a better predictor of performance anxiety in women than men, and sensitivity to cognitive symptoms was a better predictor
of performance anxiety than sensitivity to physiologic symptoms for both men and women. Gender differences emerged in the patterns of anxiety sensitivity, with men having stronger associations between fears of cognitive dyscontrol and performance anxiety than women, while women alone had associations
between fears of cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms and performance anxiety. Those highest in anxiety sensitivity were found also to report less enjoyment while playing and more pain. Suggestions for future research are made, and implications for treatment programs are explored.
Interview with Maarten Visser
Authors: Nabb David
Published: March 2021

Maarten Visser, of Amsterdam, is one of the world's leading authorities on adapting woodwind instruments for people with disabilities. He has successfully adapted numerous wind instruments, including a flute with a one-handed mechanism that has a three octave chromatic range, now played
by Edit van der Burg-Mayer. This interview was held in Amsterdam on June 29, 2006.
Performing Arts Healthcare in Australia—A Personal View
Authors: Hadok John
Published: March 2021

In 2006, as part of a national regional-arts conference, I attempted to bring together health care workers with an interest in caring for performing artists. The plan was to gather in symposium, to share ideas and expertise, and inaugurate a network of practitioners across Australia.
It was a good idea—at least I thought so at the time, and the generous experts who agreed to participate for free also seemed to think so. However, the exigencies of mounting a symposium in a regional city, in a field hitherto never organised in this country, with no finance, and only
one assistant (albeit very capable!—Marilyn Bliss—to whom I am forever grateful) proved too much. After much lost money and sleep, and with a feeling of crushing defeat, I cancelled the project. As sometimes happens, the momentum has continued. From that quixotic project has grown
a new organization, the Australian Society for Performing Arts Healthcare (ASPAH).
Does Instrumented Movement Analysis Alter, Objectively Confirm, or Not Affect Clinical Decision-making in Musicians with Focal Dystonia?
Authors: Ferrarin Maurizio , Rabuffetti Marco , Ramella Marina , Osio Maurizio , Mailland Enrico , Converti Rosa Maria
Published: March 2021

Focal dystonia (FD) is a movement disorder that frequently affects instrumental musicians. Distinguishing between primary dystonic movement and secondary compensatory abnormal movement is crucial for the correct treatment planning in FD. Such distinction is complex in musicians because
of the complexity, speed, and smallness of involved movement. The goal of the current study was to assess the influence of instrumented movement analysis (MA) in treatment decision-making in musician's FD. A group of 18 musicians with FD was instrumentally analyzed in an MA laboratory equipped
with optoelectronic and electromyographic (EMG) acquisition systems. The muscle(s) primarily responsible for the dystonic movement or posture (trigger muscle) was identified on the basis of clinical assessment alone and, in a second phase, with the additional information provided by instrumented
assessment. Comparison between clinical and instrumented assessment outcomes and the subjective rating of found differences were then analyzed. In 67% of patients, instrumental assessment changed the decision made by clinical assessment, indicating identification of a different trigger muscle
or allowing for a more specific identification. In 28% of patients, instrumental assessment confirmed the outcome of the clinical assessment, with an increase in the confidence level of the clinical decision. The most frequent change was an improved specification of which finger flexor muscle
(superficialis or profundus) was triggering the dystonic movement. Although caution is needed due to the non-blinded design of the present study, our results suggest that instrumented movement analysis is a useful complementary tool to clinical assessment in treatment planning for musician's
focal dystonia—its use might change the identification of the muscles primarily responsible for dystonic movements as well as increase the confidence level of the clinician in treatment decision-making.
Military Bands as a Population for Studying Musicians' Health
Authors: Newmark Jonathan
Published: March 2021

The largest employer of full-time musicians in the United States is the Department of Defense. There are, within the Department, four separate full-time band programs (Army, Air Force, Marines, and Navy), of which the Army is by far the largest. Not only are these musicians employed
full-time, but they have completely free health care and a uniform, electronic, world-wide health record that follows them for the length of their careers. They also have to adhere to the physical fitness standards of their services, including both height and weight standards and biannual
physical fitness tests; in the Army, the latter includes pushups, sit-ups, and 2-mile runs every 6 months. It has always occurred to me that this population is uniquely suited to the sort of study that the Editorial in the September 2009 issue describes.
High Prevalence of Performance-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Bassoon Players
Authors: Brusky Paula
Published: March 2021

Performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) are a frequent reality for practicing musicians. Many aspects of the bassoon make these players particularly susceptible to PRMDs, yet to date no study investigating PRMDs has been conducted solely in the bassoon community. The purpose
of this study was to identify PRMD symptoms experienced among bassoon players, ascertain the most affected areas, and identify treatments used. Information was gathered using the International Bassoonist Questionnaire, a web-based survey designed by the author. Eighty-six percent of participants
(n = 166) reported PRMDs. Pain was the most common PRMD symptom reported (78%). Thirty-one percent of bassoon players reported a medically diagnosed condition, with tendinitis being the most common diagnosis (54%). Bassoonists experienced multiple PRMD symptoms and reported numerous
affected locations. PRMDs were most frequently reported in the arms and wrists (54%), and the left side had more PRMDs than the right side. Despite the number of treatment options available, bassoon players primarily used self-administered treatment, with only 31% consulting a medical doctor.
Rest was the most common self-applied treatment (60%).
A focused simulation-based optimization of print time and material usage with respect to orientation, layer height and support settings for multi-pathological anatomical models in inverted vat photopolymerization 3D printing
Authors: Ravi Prashanth , Chen Victoria C. P.
Published: March 2021

Background: 3D printing of anatomical models requires multi-factorial decision making for optimal model manufacturing. Due to the complex nature of the printing process, there are frequently multiple potentialities based on the desired end goal. The task of identifying the most optimal combination of print control variables is inherently subjective and rests on sound operator intuition. This study investigates the effect of orientation, layer and support settings on print time and material usage. This study also presents a quantitative optimization framework to jointly optimize print time and material usage as a function of those settings for multi-pathological anatomical models.Methods: Seven anatomical models representing different anatomical regions (cardiovascular, abdominal, neurological and maxillofacial) were selected for this study. A reference cube was also included in the simulations. Using PreForm print preparation software the print time and material usage was simulated for each model across 4 orientations, 2 layer heights, 2 support densities and 2 support tip sizes. A 90 − 10 weighted optimization was performed to identify the 5 most optimal treatment combinations that resulted in the lowest print time (90% weight) and material usage (10% weight) for each model.Results: The 0.1mm layer height was uniformly the most optimal setting across all models. Layer height had the largest effect on print time. Orientation had a complex effect on both print time and material usage in certain models. The support density and the support tip size settings were found to have a relatively minor effect on both print time and material usage. Hollow models had a larger support volume fraction compared to solid models.Conclusions: The quantitative optimization framework identified the 5 most optimal treatment combinations for each model using a 90 − 10 weighting for print time and material usage. The presented optimization framework could be adapted based on the individual circumstance of each 3D printing lab and/or to potentially incorporate additional response variables of interest.
Prediction model for COVID-19 patient visits in the ambulatory setting
Authors: Li Riza C. , Harrison Cecelia K. , Jurkovitz Claudine T. , Papas Mia A. , Ndura Kevin , Kerzner Roger , Teal Cydney , Chiam Tze
Published: March 2021

Objective Healthcare systems globally were shocked by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Policies put in place to curb the tide of the pandemic resulted in a decrease of patient volumes throughout the ambulatory system. The future implications of COVID-19 in healthcare are still unknown, specifically the continued impact on the ambulatory landscape. The primary objective of this study is to accurately forecast the number of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 weekly visits in primary care practices.Materials and Methods This retrospective study was conducted in a single health system in Delaware. All patients’ records were abstracted from our electronic health records system (EHR) from January 1, 2019 to July 25, 2020. Patient demographics and comorbidities were compared using t-tests, Chi square, and Mann Whitney U analyses as appropriate. ARIMA time series models were developed to provide an 8-week future forecast for two ambulatory practices (AmbP) and compare it to a naïve moving average approach.Results Among the 271,530 patients considered during this study period, 4,195 patients (1.5%) were identified as COVID-19 patients. The best fitting ARIMA models for the two AmbP are as follows: AmbP1 COVID-19+ ARIMAX(4,0,1), AmbP1 nonCOVID-19 ARIMA(2,0,1), AmbP2 COVID-19+ ARIMAX(1,1,1), and AmbP2 nonCOVID-19 ARIMA(1,0,0).Discussion and Conclusion: Accurately predicting future patient volumes in the ambulatory setting is essential for resource planning and developing safety guidelines. Our findings show that a time series model that accounts for the number of positive COVID-19 patients delivers better performance than a moving average approach for predicting weekly ambulatory patient volumes in a short-term period.
Linked changes in visual acuity, cortical population receptive field size, visual field map size, and retinal thickness in healthy human aging
Authors: Silva Maria Fatima , Harvey Ben , Jorge Lília , Canário Nádia , Machado Fátima , Soares Mário , Castelo-Branco Miguel
Published: March 2021

Healthy human aging is associated with a deterioration of visual acuity, retinal thinning, visual field map shrinkage and increasing population receptive field sizes. Here we ask how these changes are related to each other in a cross-sectional sample of fifty healthy adults aged 20-80 years. We therefore hypothesized that age-related loss of macular retinal ganglion cells may lead to decreased visual field map sizes, and both may lead to increased pRF sizes in the cortical central visual field representation. We measured our participants’ perceptual corrected visual acuity using standard ophthalmological letter charts. We then measured their early visual field map (V1, V2 and V3) functional population receptive field (pRF) sizes and structural surface areas using fMRI, and their retinal structure using high-definition optical coherence tomography. With increasing age visual acuity decreased, pRF sizes increased, visual field maps surface areas decreased, and retinal thickness decreased. Among these measures, only functional pRF sizes predicted perceptual visual acuity, and Bayesian statistics support a null relationship between visual acuity and cortical or retinal structure. However, pRF sizes were in turn predicted by cortical structure only (visual field map surface areas), which were only predicted by retinal structure (thickness). These results suggest that linked disruptions of neural structure and function throughout the early visual system underlie the deterioration of perceptual visual acuity in healthy aging.
Factors associated with overall survival after recurrence in patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer: An ad-hoc analysis of the JBCRG-C06 Safari study
Authors: Kawaguchi Hidetoshi , Yamamoto Yutaka , Saji Shigehira , Masuda Norikazu , Nakayama Takahiro , Aogi Kenjiro , Anan Keisei , Ito Yoshinori , Ohtani Shoichiro , Sato Nobuaki , Takano Toshimi , Tokunaga Eriko , Nakamura Seigo , Hasegawa Yoshie , Hattori Masaya , Fujisawa Tomomi , Morita Satoshi , Yamaguchi Miki , Yamashita Hiroko , Yamashita Toshinari , Yotsumoto Daisuke , Toi Masakazu , Ohno Shinji
Published: March 2021

Background

The Safari study (UMIN 000015168) was a retrospective, multicenter study in which 1072 consecutive cases of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) advanced breast cancer (ABC) treated using 500 mg fulvestrant were registered. We previously reported the relationship between the patient factors and overall survival (OS) after the diagnosis using the same cases and the same factors for the analysis of time to treatment failure (TTF) in patients with ER + ABC. The current study is an ad-hoc analysis that focused on the relationship between the patient factors and OS after recurrence by adding factors generally associated with OS after recurrence.
Methods

The OS after recurrence in patients with ER + human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2−) recurrent breast cancer was analyzed via univariate and multivariate analyses with a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results

A total of 598 cases were used for the analysis of OS after recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that favorable OS (median, 6.4 years) was significantly correlated with long time from recurrence to fulvestrant use (≥ 3 years), low nuclear or histological grade (G3 vs. G1), long TTF of initial palliative endocrine therapy (≥ 12 months), and long time to initial palliative chemotherapy (≥ 2 years).
Conclusion

In patients with ER + HER2 − recurrent breast cancer who received endocrine therapy as the primary palliative treatment, the low proliferation activity of the tumor at the first diagnosis, sensitivity to initial endocrine therapy after the recurrence, and long time to the initiation of chemotherapy might be correlated with the favorable OS after recurrence.
Trial registration:

University Hospital Medical Information Network: UMIN 000015168, 2014/09/16
Alternate Event-triggered Aperiodically Intermittent Control for Synchronization of Multi-weighted Complex Networks
Authors: Xu Dongsheng , Su Huan , Guo Chenfei
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the exponential synchronization problem for multi-weighted complex networks via alternate event-triggered aperiodically intermittent control (AETAIC) is considered. Different from existing literature, the proposed AETAIC is triggered alternatively by two pre-defined conditions, which can fast react to asynchronous external events and show better real-time control performance. Meanwhile, AETAIC removes the restrictions of traditional intermittent control on the lower bound of control intervals and upper bound of control periods or the maximum proportion of rest intervals. Though graph theory and Lyapunov method, several sufficient conditions are given to ensure exponential synchronization of the studied networks and Zeno behaviors can be excluded. Moreover, the theoretical results demonstrate that the control gain affects the control widths and exponential convergence rate, which shows that AETAIC can further reduce the frequency of controller updates and release the computation burdens. Finally, in order to illustrate the theoretical results, two practical applications about Chua's circuits and coupled oscillators are presented. Meanwhile, numerical simulations are provided to validate the effectiveness of the results.
The relative importance of litter nutrients, C-related, and physical traits in controlling litter decomposition vary substantially between deciduous and evergreen species
Authors: Sun Zhaolin , Tian Peng , Zhao Xuechao , Liu Shengen , Wang Yanping , Wang Shunzhong , Fang Xiangmin , Wang Qingkui
Published: March 2021

Litter decomposition plays important roles in maintaining ecosystem function and controlling carbon (C) and nutrient cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Thus, understanding its fundamental controlling factors is of great value to improve the accuracy of biologically driven global carbon (C) cycle of prediction models. In this study, we conducted a field decomposition experiment with 205 tree species litters and quantified the relative importance of litter nutrients, C-related and physical traits in controlling litter decomposition in different plant functional groups. The results showed that across all species, litter nutrients (65.1%) explained more variation in litter decomposition than physical (17.5%) and C-related traits (17.4%). Litter nutrients had lower explanation for deciduous species (47.0%) than for evergreen species (77.9%), while C-related and physical traits had higher explanation for deciduous litters (20.5% and 32.5%) than for evergreen species (13.5% and 8.6%), suggesting that the importance of these three categorized litter traits in controlling litter decomposability was plant functional type dependent. Nitrogen, tannins and water saturation capacity were the best predictors of litter decomposition among nutrients, C-related and physical traits, respectively, irrespective of plant functional types. In sum, our findings highlight the differences in the roles of initial litter nutrients, C-related and physical traits in regulating litter decomposition and suggest that litter trait-decomposition relationships vary substantially between deciduous and evergreen species, necessitating their explicit consideration in Earth’s C cycle models to improve the accuracy of predicting litter decomposition.
A brief gestalt intervention changes ultrasound measures of tongue movement during breastfeeding: case series
Authors: Douglas Pamela Sylvia , Perella Sharon Lisa , Geddes Donna Tracy
Published: March 2021

Abstract Background Lactation consultants frequently advise adjustments to fit and hold (or positioning and attachment) with the aim of optimising intra-oral nipple placement. However, approaches to fit and hold interventions vary widely, with little evidence of benefits, and effects of fit and hold on infant tongue movement have not been examined. The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate whether a gestalt breastfeeding intervention alters tongue movement, using measurements from ultrasound imaging to determine nipple placement and intra-oral nipple and breast tissue dimensions. Methods Ultrasound measurements were conducted in five breastfeeding dyads, infants aged between four and 20 weeks, while feeding in their usual or ‘standard’ position and again after brief application of gestalt principles of fit and hold. Four of the mother-baby pairs, who had received comprehensive lactation support, reported persisting nipple pain. Three of these infants had difficulty latching and fussed at the breast; three had been diagnosed with oral ties. A fifth pair was breastfeeding successfully. Results Ultrasound demonstrated that the distance from nipple tip to junction of the hard and soft palate decreased, intra-oral nipple and breast tissue dimensions increased, and nipple slide decreased after a brief gestalt intervention. Conclusion These preliminary findings suggest that changes in fit and hold impact on infant tongue movement. Further research investigating short-and long-term outcomes of a gestalt breastfeeding intervention in larger cohorts is required.
The effects on self-efficacy, motivation and perceived barriers of an intervention targeting physical activity and sedentary behaviours in office workers: A cluster randomized control trial
Authors: Blom Victoria , Drake Emma , Kallings Lena V. , Ekblom Maria M. , Nooijen Carla F. J.
Published: March 2021

Background

The importance of physical activity on health is clear, but changing behaviour is difficult. Successful interventions aiming to improve physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour is therefore of importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects on motivation, self-efficacy and barriers to change behaviour from two different behavioral intervention focusing either on reducing sedentary behaviour or on increasing physical activity as compared to a waiting list control group
Methods

The study was designed as a cluster randomized control trial (RCT) within two private companies. Self-efficacy, motivation and perceived barriers were together with demographic variables assessed before and after a 6-month intervention. Participants were assigned a cluster team which was randomly allocated to either the physical activity intervention (iPA), the sedentary behaviour intervention (iSED), or control group. Group differences were determined using Bayesian multilevel modelling (parameter estimate; credible interval (CI)), analysing complete cases and those who adhered to the protocol by adhering to at least 3 out of 5 intervention sessions.
Results

After the intervention, the complete cases analysis showed that the iPA group had significantly higher autonomous motivation (0.33, CI: 0.05–0.61) and controlled motivation (0.27, CI: 0.04–0.51) for physical activity compared with the control group, and the iSED group scored less autonomous and controlled motivation compared to the iPA group (0.38, CI: -0.69- -0.087 respectively − 0.32, CI: -0.57-0.07). Among individuals that adhered to the protocol, the results showed higher scores on Exercise (3.03, CI: 0.28–6.02) and Sedentary self-efficacy (3.59, CI: 0.35–7.15) for individuals in the iPA group and on Sedentary self-efficacy (4.77, CI: 0.59–9.44) for the iSED group compared to the control group.
Conclusion

These findings indicate that the
interventions were successful in increasing self-efficacy in each
intervention group and autonomous motivation for exercise in the
iPA group, in particular when actively participating in the
motivational counselling sessions.
Comparative Study of Modified Conical Cavity Receiver With Other Receivers for Solar Paraboloidal Dish Collector System
Authors: K Arjun Singh , NATARAJAN SENDHIL KUMAR
Published: March 2021

Solar Parabolic Dish Concentrators are one of the most efficient solar power conversion technologies. The cavity receivers are most common type, used for reducing the heat losses from the receiver. In this paper a novel cavity receiver is proposed and the objective is to compare the novel modified conical cavity receiver with the existing cavity receivers such as cylindrical, conical and modified cavity receivers. The cavity receivers are designed for the parabolic dish of 4m diameter which is installed at National Institute of Technology Puducherry, India. Ray tracing analysis is carried out to determine the size of the receiver. The analysis was carried out for various orientations of the receivers from 0° to 90° with a step size of 15° and also for the cavity temperatures: 300℃, 400℃, 500℃, 600℃ and 700℃. Based on the results obtained the modified conical cavity receiver is found to be the best design in terms of minimum heat losses compared to other receivers. The next best choices are found to be modified cavity, conical cavity and cylindrical cavity receiver. The whole analysis is conducted with a developed model in COMSOL Multiphysics.
Predicting the probability of transforming different classes of monthly droughts in Iran
Authors: Mahmoudi Peyman , Rigi Allahbakhsh
Published: March 2021

The main objective of this study was to predict the transition probability of different drought classes by applying Homogenous and non- Homogenous Markov chain models. The daily precipitation data of 40 synoptic stations in Iran, for a period of 35 years (1983–2018), was used to access the study objectives. The Effective Drought Index (EDI) was applied to categorize Iran’s droughts. With the implementation of cluster analysis on the daily values of effective drought index (EDI), it was observed that Iran can be divided into five separate regions based on the behavior of the time series of the studied stations. The spatial mean of the effective drought index (EDI) of each region was also calculated. After forming the transition frequency matrix, the dependent and correlated test of data was conducted via chi-square test. The results of this test confirmed the assumption that the various drought classes are correlated in five studied regions. Eventually, after adjusting the transition probability matrix for the studied regions, the homogenous and non-homogenous Markov chains were modeled and Markov characteristics of droughts were extracted including various class probabilities of drought severity, the average expected residence time in each drought class, the expected first passage time from various classes of droughts to the wet classes, and the short-term prediction of various drought classes. Regarding these climate areas, the results showed that the probability of each category is reduced as the severity of drought increases from poor drought category to severe and very severe drought. In the non-homogeneous Markov chain, the probability of each category of drought for winter, spring, and fall indicated that the probability of weak drought category is more than other categories. Since the obtained anticipating results are dependent on the early months, they were more accurate than those of the homogeneous Markov chain. In general, both Markov chains showed favorable results that can be very useful for water resource planners.
Effectiveness of Zinc Chloride Mouthwashes on Oral Mucositis and Weight of Patients with Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: oshvandi khodayar , Vafaei Seyed Yaser , Kamallan Seyed Ramesh , Khazaei Salman , Ranjbar Hossein , Mohammadi Fateme
Published: March 2021

Background: Oral mucositis is one of the most emerging and debilitating complications of chemotherapy during the treatment period, which strongly affects the nutritional status and physical and mental condition of these patients. Zinc can efficiently prevent and treat oral mucositis and promote oral health due to its increased protein synthesis and improved cell membrane stability and membrane wound healing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of zinc chloride mouthwash on the prevention, incidence, and severity of oral mucositis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Methods: The present study was a randomized control trial study.96 patients with a cancer diagnosis selected from one oncology clinic affiliated to the University of Medical Sciences in western Iran. Then they assigned randomly to the zinc chloride group and placebo group. The patients in each group should rinse their mouths every 8 hours two times and each time 2 min with 7.5 ml from mouthwash. The severity of mucositis and weight loss examined blindly at the baseline and 3-week follow-up.Results: The incidence and severity of oral mucositis between groups was significant at the end of the first (p < 0.026), second (p < 0.002) and third (p < 0.001) week. The mucositis severity controlled welly during the third weeks in the zinc chloride group. The difference in the weight loss was significant between the zinc chloride and the placebo group (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Zinc chloride mouthwash was effective in preventing and reducing the severity of oral mucositis and improving weight in these patients, and can be recommended for patients undergoing chemotherapy.Trial registration: We can therefore recommend zinc chloride as preventive care at the beginning of chemotherapy to improve oral health and subsequently preventing weight loss in these patients.
Stability of Radiomic Features in Fast Scanned FLAIR for Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Comparison With Conventional FLAIR 
Authors: Joo Leehi , Jung Seung Chai , Lee Hyunna , Park Seo Young , Kim Minjae , Park Ji Eun , Choi Keum Mi
Published: March 2021

From May 2015 to June 2016, 296 patients undergoing 1.5-Tesla MRI for symptoms of acute ischemic stroke were retrospectively enrolled. Conventional, echo-planar imaging (EPI) and echo train length (ETL)-FLAIR were simultaneously obtained in 118 patients (1st group), and conventional, ETL-, and repetition time (TR)-FLAIR were simultaneously obtained in 178 patients (2nd group). A total of 595 radiomics features were extracted from one region-of-interest (ROI) reflecting the acute and chronic ischemic hyperintensity, and concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) of the radiomics features were calculated between the fast scanned and conventional FLAIR for paired patients (1st group and 2nd group). Stabilities of the radiomics features were compared with the proportions of features with a CCC higher than 0.85, which were considered to be stable in the fast scanned FLAIR. EPI-FLAIR showed higher proportions of stable features than ETL-FLAIR, and TR-FLAIR also showed higher proportions of stable features than ETL-FLAIR, both in acute and chronic ischemic hyperintensities of whole- and intersection masks (p <.002). Radiomics features in fast scanned FLAIR showed variable stabilities according to the sequences compared with conventional FLAIR. Therefore, radiomics features may be used cautiously in applications for feature analysis as their stability and robustness can be variable.
Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity
Authors: Cavin Lionel , Piuz André , Ferrante Christophe , Guinot Guillaume
Published: March 2021

The positive correlation between speciation rates and morphological evolution expressed by body size is a macroevolutionary trait of vertebrates. Although taxic diversification and morphological evolution are slow in coelacanths, their fossil record indicates that large and small species coexisted, which calls into question the link between morphological and body size disparities. Here, we describe and reassess fossils of giant coelacanths. Two genera reached up to 5 meters long, placing them among the ten largest bony fish that ever lived. The disparity in body size adjusted to taxic diversity is much greater in coelacanths than in ray-finned fishes, and is decoupled from a high rate of speciation or a high rate of morphological evolution. Genomic and physiological characteristics of the extant Latimeria may reflect how the extinct relatives grew to such a large size. These characteristics highlight new evolutionary traits specific to these “living fossils”.
The Evaluation of Patient Demographics, Etiologies and Apraclonidine Test Results in Adult Horner's Syndrome
Authors: Karti Dilek Top , karti omer , Durmaz Gulsum Saruhan , Gokcay Figen , Celebisoy Nese
Published: March 2021

Purpose: We aimed to demonstrate the patient demographics, etiologies and apraclonidine test results in adult Horner's syndrome Methods: This retrospective study was performed by the analysis of medical data of patients who were given 0.5% apraclonidine test. Patients' past medical history, demographic data, etiologies, accompanying neurological findings, and pharmacological test results were assessed.Results: Forty patients (21 females and 19 males) with a mean age of 50.3 ± 11.6 years were evaluated. Apraclonidine 0.5% test was positive in 37 patients (92.5%). An etiology could be identified in 20 patients (central (9 patients, 45%), preganglionic (9 patients, 45%), and postganglionic (2 patients, 10%)). Neurological findings accompanying Horner’s syndrome were present in 9 patients.Conclusion: Despite detailed investigations, in a significant number of patients with Horner's syndrome an underlying cause may not be detected. Among the identifiable lesions, central and preganglionic involvements are still the first leading causes of Horner's syndrome. In addition, apraclonidine test may not be positive in all patients and a negative response does not exclude Horner's syndrome.