bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early initiation of post-sternotomy cardiac rehabilitation exercise training (SCAR): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation
Authors: Ennis Stuart , Lobley Grace , Worrall Sandra , Powell Richard , Kimani Peter K , Khan Amir Jahan , Banerjee Prithwish , Barker Thomas , McGregor Gordon
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Current guidelines recommend abstinence from supervisedcardiacrehabilitation (CR) exercise training for 6 weeks post-sternotomy. This practice is not based on empirical evidence, thus imposing potentially unnecessary activity restrictions. Delayed participation in CR exercise training promotes muscle atrophy, reduces cardiovascular fitness and prolongs recovery. Limited data suggest no detrimental effect of beginning CR exercise training as early as 2 weeks post-surgery, but randomised controlled trials are yet to confirm this. The purpose of this trial is to compare CR exercise training commenced early (2 weeks post-surgery) with current usual care (6 weeks post-surgery) with a view to informing future CR guidelines for patients recovering from sternotomy.

Methods and analysis

In this assessor-blind randomised controlled trial, 140 cardiac surgery patients, recovering from sternotomy, will be assigned to 8 weeks of twice-weekly supervised CR exercise training commencing at either 2 weeks (early CR) or 6 weeks (usual care CR) post-surgery. Usual care exercise training will adhere to current UK recommendations. Participants in the early CR group will undertake a highly individualised 2–3 week programme of functional mobility, strength and cardiovascular exercise before progressing to a usual care CR programme. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline (inpatient), pre-CR (2 or 6 weeks post-surgery), post-CR (10 or 14 weeks post-surgery) and 12 months. The primary outcome will be change in 6 min walk distance. Secondary outcomes will include measures of functional fitness, quality of life and cost-effectiveness.

Ethics and dissemination

Recruitment commenced on July 2017 and will complete by December 2019. Results will be disseminated via national governing bodies, scientific meetings and peer-reviewedjournals.

Trial registration number

NCT03223558; Pre-results.
Perioperative care differences of surgical aortic valve replacement between North America and Europe
Authors: Velders Bart J J , Vriesendorp Michiel D , De Lind Van Wijngaarden Rob A F , Rao Vivek , Reardon Michael J , Shrestha Malakh , Chu Michael W A , Sabik Joseph F , Liu Fang , Klautz Robert J M
Published: May 2023

Objective

To describe differences between North America and Europe in the perioperative management of patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Methods

Patients with moderate or greater aortic stenosis or regurgitation requiring SAVR were enrolled in a prospective observational cohort evaluating the safety and efficacy of a new stented bioprosthesis at 25 centres in North America (Canada and the USA) and 13 centres in Europe (Germany, the Netherlands, France, the UK, Switzerland and Italy). While all patients underwent implantation with the same bioprosthetic model, perioperative management was left to the discretion of participating centres. Perioperative care was described in detail including outcomes up to 1-year follow-up.

Results

Among 1118 patients, 643 (58%) were implanted in North America, and 475 (42%) were implanted in Europe. Patients in Europe were older, had a lower body mass index, less bicuspid disease and worse degree of aortic stenosis at baseline. In Europe, anticoagulant therapy at discharge was more aggressive, whereas length of stay was longer, and discharges directly to home were less common. Rehospitalisation risk was lower in Europe at 30 days (8.5% vs 15.9%) but converged at 1-year follow-up (26.5% vs 28.1%). Within continents, there were major differences between individual countries concerning perioperative management.

Conclusion

Contemporary perioperative management of SAVR patients varies between North America and Europe in patient selection, procedural techniques, antithrombotic regimen and discharge management. Furthermore, rehospitalisation differed largely between continents and countries. Hence, geographical setting must be considered during design and interpretation of trials on SAVR.

Trial registration number

NCT02088554.
Urea–choline chloride deep eutectic solvent-assisted synthesis of luminescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots from chitin and their photocatalytic application in decolourizing malachite green
Authors: Valencia Hannah , Yeboah Alfred , Turita Steve , Muñoz Kyle Joshua , Gaje Arnold C. , Siva Chenille Rose , Paige Matthew F. , Ponce Concepcion P.
Published: May 2023

Luminescent carbon dots (CDs) are emerging carbon nanomaterials whose tunable and exceptional optoelectronic properties have found applications as alternatives to traditional fluorophores and metal-based catalysts. Further, they can be easily prepared from biomass and using green solvents. Biomass sources of CDs, however, often result in the formation of thousands of products, which are difficult to separate. In this study, CDs were synthesized using a urea–choline chloride deep eutectic solvent and shrimp shell-derived chitin as raw materials through a low-temperature solvothermal treatment. This was followed by a facile liquid–liquid extraction with acetone to improve the optical properties and narrow the size distribution of the CDs. The acetone-extracted CDs (ACDs) showed good performance in photocatalytic degradation of the aquatic pollutant, malachite green. They also show good potential in monitoring various toxic water pollutants through the quenching effect of selected pesticides, antibiotics, heavy metals, and anions on the fluorescence of ACDs.
Grazing and fertilizer, compost or manure application effects on a meadow bromegrass pasture on a thick black chernozem I. Productivity and sustainability
Authors: Baron V.S. , Dick A.C. , Lemke R. , Greer K. , Mapfumo Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

Short duration, intensive grazing management with high stocking rates may result in sufficient turn-over of nitrogen (N) to compensate for production-limiting soil-N deficiencies for grass pasture. In central Alberta a 0.5 ha block was seeded to “Fleet” meadow bromegrass ( Bromus riparius Rehmann) in August 2002. Within this block, six fenced (9 m × 30 m) treatments were established in three replicates. They were (1) ungrazed—clip removal, (2) grazed—alone, (3) grazed—fertilizer, (4) grazed—fertilizer-compost, (5) grazed—hog manure, and (6) grazed—alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) grass. Measurements were conducted over a 4-year period between 2003 and 2006 and grazing occurred at identical times as vegetative mass permitted. Biomass was harvested before and after grazing for calculation of dry matter (DM) yield and biomass consumed. Sub-samples were used for determination of N concentration and in vitro digestibility. Mean herbage N-yield for grazed treatments was 131% of ungrazed and greatest for grazed-fertilizer and grazed-fertilizer plus compost. Grazed paddocks with no added N produced similar DM yield to those with added N. Estimated nitrogen fixation contributed an annual average of 82 kg ha−1 to herbage-N yield from the alfalfa-grass paddocks. Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) silage grown after termination of the grazed pastures produced 72% more herbage DM from grazed paddocks than ungrazed, but no significant ( P < 0.05) differences occurred among amendments.
Comparative plastomes of species from Phrymaceae and Mazaceae: insights into adaptive evolution, codon usage bias, and phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Chi Xiaofeng , Chen Ronglian , Zhang Faqi , Chen Shilong
Published: May 2023

The phylogeny of the species from Phrymaceae and Mazaceae has undergone many adjustments and changes in recent years. Moreover, there is little plastome information on the Phrymaceae. In this study, we compared the plastomes of six species from the Phrymaceae and 10 species from the Mazaceae. The gene order, contents, and orientation of the 16 plastomes were found to be highly similar. A total of 13 highly variable regions were identified among the 16 species. An accelerated rate of substitution was found in the protein-coding genes, particularly cemA and matK. The combination of effective number of codons, parity rule 2, and neutrality plots revealed that the codon usage bias is affected by mutation and selection. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supported {Mazaceae [(Phrymaceae + Wightiaceae) + (Paulowniaceae + Orobanchaceae)]} relationships in the Lamiales. Our findings can provide useful information to analyze the phylogeny and molecular evolution within the Phrymaceae and Mazaceae.
Vertex-Bipartition: A Unified Approach for Kernelization of Graph Linear Layout Problems Parameterized by Vertex Cover
Authors: Liu Yunlong , Li Yixuan , Huang Jingui
Published: May 2023

The linear layout of graphs problem asks, given a graph [Formula: see text] and a positive integer [Formula: see text], whether [Formula: see text] admits a layout consisting of a linear ordering of its vertices and a partition of its edges into [Formula: see text] sets such that the edges in each set meet some special requirements. Specific linear layouts include [Formula: see text]-stack layout, [Formula: see text]-queue layout, [Formula: see text]-arch layout, mixed [Formula: see text]-stack [Formula: see text]-queue layout and others. In this paper, we present a unified approach for kernelization of these linear layout problems parameterized by the vertex cover number [Formula: see text] of the input graph. The key point underlying our approach is to partition each set of related vertices into two distinct subsets with respect to the specific layouts, which immediately leads to some efficient reduction rules. We first apply this approach to the mixed [Formula: see text]-stack [Formula: see text]-queue layout problem and show that it admits a kernel of size [Formula: see text], which results in an algorithm running in time [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the size of the input graph. Our work does not only confirm the existence of a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm for this problem mentioned by Bhore et al. (J. Graph Algorithms Appl. 2022), but also derives new results for the [Formula: see text]-stack layout problem and for the [Formula: see text]-queue layout problem respectively. We also employ this approach to the upward [Formula: see text]-stack layout problem and obtain a new result improving that presented by Bhore et al. (GD 2021). Last but not least, we use this approach to the [Formula: see text]-arch layout problem and obtain a similar result.
IMPROVING CONTROL STRATEGIES OF INFECTIONS BY RESISTANT PATHOGENS IN A HOSPITAL NETWORK
Authors: VILCHES THOMAS NOGUEIRA , DE ALMEIDA GABRIEL BERG , FORTALEZA CARLOS MAGNO CASTELO BRANCO , FERREIRA CLÁUDIA PIO
Published: May 2023

The efficacy of infection prevention and control on several hospital networks is assessed. We tested two kinds of strategy, a network-topology-based allocation and a [Formula: see text]-based allocation, where [Formula: see text] is the basic reproduction number of the infection. For this, a multi-patch deterministic model simulates the spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in several theoretical hospital networks parametrized by data from Brazil. Our results show that: (i) the allocation methods based on the [Formula: see text] of the hospitals may work better than the network-topology-based allocations; (ii) results from control efficacy for a specific hospital network cannot be generalized to other types of networks. Putting together the global network topology with local factors that drive pathogens transmission, the [Formula: see text]-based allocation method seems to be enough to control of healthcare-associated infections. Overall, the obtained results emphasize the importance of data collection on infection transmission and patient transfers.
ROLE OF SPACE IN AN ECO-EPIDEMIC PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH THE EFFECT OF FEAR AND SELECTIVE PREDATION
Authors: MAITY SASANKA SHEKHAR , TIWARI PANKAJ KUMAR , SHUAI ZHISHENG , PAL SAMARES
Published: May 2023

In ecological systems, the fear of predation risk asserts a privilege to the prey species by restricting their exposure to the potential predators. It also imposes costs by constraining the exploration of optimal resources. Additional foods for predators play a pivotal role in the biological conservation programs. The predators have ability to distinguish between the susceptible and infected prey items, and they avoid the latter ones to reduce their fitness cost. A predator-prey model with disease in prey is investigated in this study with an aim to explore the effects of fear factor, additional foods and selective predation on the ecological systems. We also investigate the spatio-temporal model to incorporate the facts that the prey and predator populations perform active movements in the spatial directions for their biological relevance. Both the temporal and spatio-temporal models are analyzed through noteworthy mathematical as well as numerical techniques. Our simulation results show that the level of fear responsible for the reduction in the birth rate of susceptible prey, rate of disease transmission and the selective feeding behavior of predators have potentials to create instability in the ecosystem. In contrast, the level of fear responsible for reduction in the disease prevalence can restore stability in the ecosystem by killing the persistent oscillations. Our eco-epidemic system exhibits chaotic nature if the growth of predators due to additional food sources is very low. We find that the spatio-temporal model demonstrates different spatial patterns of the prey and predator populations in the ecosystem.
BIFURCATION CONTROL STRATEGY FOR A DELAYED FRACTIONAL-ORDER POPULATION DYNAMICS MODEL WITH INCOMMENSURATE ORDERS
Authors: QI HAO , ZHAO WENCAI
Published: May 2023

This paper excogitates a bifurcation control strategy for a delayed fractional-order population dynamics model with incommensurate orders. First and foremost, by using stability theory of fractional differential equations, the sufficient conditions for the stability of the positive equilibrium are established. It is not difficult to find that the fractional-order system has a wider stability region than the traditional integer-order system. Second, taking time delay as bifurcation parameter, the sufficient criteria for Hopf bifurcation are obtained. In the next place, it is interesting to introduce a delayed feedback controller to guide Hopf bifurcation. The results reveal that the bifurcation dynamics of the model could be effectively controlled as long as the delay or fractional order is carefully adjusted. In conclusion, numerical simulations are carried out to confirm our theoretical results.
The spectrum and some subdivisions of the spectrum of the generalized αq-Cesàro operators on ℓp (1 < p < ∞)
Authors: Türkay Merve Esra
Published: May 2023

Recently, the spectrum of the q-Cesàro matrix, which is considered an operator on [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and its various spectral competitions have been determined by Yildirim, Durna–Turkay and El-Shabrawy, respectively. Later, Türkay determined the spectral decompositions of the generalized [Formula: see text]-Cesàro operators on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], giving this matrix in its special case. This paper examines the spectra and fine spectra of the generalized [Formula: see text]-Cesàro operators on [Formula: see text], taking the result of El-Shabrawy as a special case.
Jurassic non-marine gastropods from the Junggar Basin, northwestern China
Authors: Yu Tingting , Fang Yanan , Zheng Daran
Published: May 2023

Non-marine gastropod fossils are abundant in the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in the Ziniquanzi section of the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, NW China, and in the Lower Jurassic Sangonghe Formation in the Tuziakeneigou section of Karamay in the northwestern Junggar Basin. Nine species attributed to the families Viviparidae, Valvatidae and Hydrobiidae and one undetermined species attributed to Truncatelloidea are systematically re-described. Most of these species are widely distributed in China and can be used for biostratigraphic correlation. The palaeoenvironment was reconstructed by using available sedimentological data combined with ecological data for extant gastropod relatives.
Editorial: Ontology-based Knowledge Presentation and Computational Linguistics for Semantic Big Social Data Analytics in Asian Social Networks
Authors: Chakraborty Chinmay , Wan Shaohua , Khosravi Mohammad R.
Published: May 2023

Data-driven ontology-based knowledge (OK) presentation and computational linguistics for evolving semantic Asian social networks (ASNs) can make one of the most important platforms that provide robust and real-time data mapping in massive access across the heterogeneous big data sources in the web that is named OK-ASN. It benefits from computational intelligence, web-of-things (WoT) architecture, semantic features, statistical learning and pattern recognition, database management, computer vision, cyber-security, and language processing. OK-ASN is a critical strategy for WoT big data mining and enterprises from social media to medical and industrial sectors.
Mitochondrial Ion Channels
Authors: Szabo Ildiko , Szewczyk Adam
Published: May 2023

Mitochondria are involved in multiple cellular tasks, such as ATP synthesis, metabolism, metabolite and ion transport, regulation of apoptosis, inflammation, signaling, and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA. The majority of the correct functioning of mitochondria is based on the large electrochemical proton gradient, whose component, the inner mitochondrial membrane potential, is strictly controlled by ion transport through mitochondrial membranes. Consequently, mitochondrial function is critically dependent on ion homeostasis, the disturbance of which leads to abnormal cell functions. Therefore, the discovery of mitochondrial ion channels influencing ion permeability through the membrane has defined a new dimension of the function of ion channels in different cell types, mainly linked to the important tasks that mitochondrial ion channels perform in cell life and death. This review summarizes studies on animal mitochondrial ion channels with special focus on their biophysical properties, molecular identity, and regulation. Additionally, the potential of mitochondrial ion channels as therapeutic targets for several diseases is briefly discussed.
Decoding and Recoding of mRNA Sequences by the Ribosome
Authors: Rodnina Marina V.
Published: May 2023

Faithful translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein is essential to maintain protein homeostasis in the cell. Spontaneous translation errors are very rare due to stringent selection of cognate aminoacyl transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and the tight control of the mRNA reading frame by the ribosome. Recoding events, such as stop codon readthrough, frameshifting, and translational bypassing, reprogram the ribosome to make intentional mistakes and produce alternative proteins from the same mRNA. The hallmark of recoding is the change of ribosome dynamics. The signals for recoding are built into the mRNA, but their reading depends on the genetic makeup of the cell, resulting in cell-specific changes in expression programs. In this review, I discuss the mechanisms of canonical decoding and tRNA–mRNA translocation; describe alternative pathways leading to recoding; and identify the links among mRNA signals, ribosome dynamics, and recoding.
The Expanded Central Dogma: Genome Resynthesis, Orthogonal Biosystems, Synthetic Genetics
Authors: Gerecht Karola , Freund Niklas , Liu Wei , Liu Yang , Fürst Maximilian J.L.J. , Holliger Philipp
Published: May 2023

Synthetic biology seeks to probe fundamental aspects of biological form and function by construction [i.e., (re)synthesis] rather than deconstruction (analysis). In this sense, biological sciences now follow the lead given by the chemical sciences. Synthesis can complement analytic studies but also allows novel approaches to answering fundamental biological questions and opens up vast opportunities for the exploitation of biological processes to provide solutions for global problems. In this review, we explore aspects of this synthesis paradigm as applied to the chemistry and function of nucleic acids in biological systems and beyond, specifically, in genome resynthesis, synthetic genetics (i.e., the expansion of the genetic alphabet, of the genetic code, and of the chemical make-up of genetic systems), and the elaboration of orthogonal biosystems and components.
Behavioral Interventions for Children and Adults with Tic Disorder
Authors: Woods Douglas W. , Himle Michael B. , Stiede Jordan T. , Pitts Brandon X.
Published: May 2023

Over the past decade, behavioral interventions have become increasingly recognized and recommended as effective first-line therapies for treating individuals with tic disorders. In this article, we describe a basic theoretical and conceptual framework through which the reader can understand the application of these interventions for treating tics. The three primary behavioral interventions for tics with the strongest empirical support (habit reversal, Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics, and exposure and response prevention) are described. Research on the efficacy and effectiveness of these treatments is summarized along with a discussion of the research evaluating the delivery of these treatments in different formats and modalities. The article closes with a review of the possible mechanisms of change underlying behavioral interventions for tics and areas for future research.
Meiotic Chromosome Structure, the Synaptonemal Complex, and Infertility
Authors: Adams Ian R. , Davies Owen R.
Published: May 2023

In meiosis, homologous chromosome synapsis is mediated by a supramolecular protein structure, the synaptonemal complex (SC), that assembles between homologous chromosome axes. The mammalian SC comprises at least eight largely coiled-coil proteins that interact and self-assemble to generate a long, zipper-like structure that holds homologous chromosomes in close proximity and promotes the formation of genetic crossovers and accurate meiotic chromosome segregation. In recent years, numerous mutations in human SC genes have been associated with different types of male and female infertility. Here, we integrate structural information on the human SC with mouse and human genetics to describe the molecular mechanisms by which SC mutations can result in human infertility. We outline certain themes in which different SC proteins are susceptible to different types of disease mutation and how genetic variants with seemingly minor effects on SC proteins may act as dominant-negative mutations in which the heterozygous state is pathogenic.
A Static State Estimation Scheme in Microgrid Utilizing μPMU Measurements
Authors: Kumar Kunal , Kumar Prince , Kar Susmita , Kumar Bohre Aashish , Amde Gebereselassie Samuel
Published: May 2023

The operation of power systems needs uninterrupted and precise wide-area real-time monitoring for secure and automated control of power networks, therefore, there is a requirement of robust state estimation (SE) by the smart control centre. An iterative free static state estimation (IFSSE) scheme is developed using the linear measurement model (LMM) in this paper for microgrids (MGs) integrating distributed generation energy resources (DGERs). The developed scheme of IFSSE utilizes M-estimator (ME) concept, which is combined with the linear static state estimation (SSE) approach in order to provide robust estimation. The developed IFSSE scheme is iteration-free due to the implementation LMM that is achieved from placing the microphasor measurement units (μPMUs) and separate bad data processing (BDP) is not required for this proposed scheme. The proposed scheme's performance has been verified by employing it on modified IEEE-14 bus test systems (BTS) integrating DGERs and modified IEEE 30 BTS integrating DGERs then comparison has been done by taking two cases, i.e., linear SSE without BDP and linear SSE with BDP.
MMP9-Associated Tumor Stem Cells, CCL1-Silenced Dendritic Cells, and Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Have a Remarkable Therapeutic Efficacy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Activating T Cells
Authors: Dong Min , Zhang Guozhen , Meng Jie , Liu Biou , Jiang Duanfeng , Liu Feng
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized antigen-presenting cells, and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells have a specific killing activity to a variety of tumors. However, the underlining mechanism and function of DC-CIK cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain largely elusive. Methods. Gene expression profiles of leukemia patients were obtained from TCGA, DC cell components were evaluated using the quanTIseq method, and cancer stem cell scores were estimated using machine learning methods. The transcriptomes were obtained in DC-CIK cells from normal and AML patients by high-throughput sequencing. Large differentially expressed mRNAs were verified by RT-qPCR assay, and MMP9 and CCL1 were selected for subsequent studies in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results. Significant positive correlations were found with DC versus cancer stem cells (

p
=
0.008

) and the expression of MMP9 versus cancer stem cells (

p
=
0.018

). MMP9 and CCL1 were found to be highly expressed in DC-CIK cells from AML patients. DC-CIK cells with MMP9 and CCL1 knockout alone had little effect on leukemia cells, while knockdown of MMP9 and CCL1 in DC-CIK cells increased cytotoxicity, suppressed proliferation, and induced apoptosis of leukemia cells. In addition, we proved that MMP9- and CCL1-silenced DC-CIK cells significantly elevated the CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cells and lowered the CD4+PD-1+ and CD8+PD-1+ T cells. Meanwhile, blockage of MMP9 and CCL1 in DC-CIK cells dramatically increased IL-2 and IFN-γ, increased CD107aþ (LAMP-1) and granzyme B (GZMB), and downregulated PD-1, CTLA4, TIM3, and LAG3 T cells from AML patients and AML model mice. Furthermore, activated T cells in DC-CIK cells knocking down MMP9 and CCL1 also prevented proliferation and accelerated apoptosis of AML cells. Conclusion. Our findings demonstrated that blockage of MMP9 and CCL1 in DC-CIK cells could markedly enhance the therapeutic efficiency in AML via activating T cells.
A Large Dentigerous Cyst in a Child as a Complication of Deciduous Molar Endodontic Treatment: An Interesting Case Report with Short Literature Review
Authors: Hadziabdic Naida , Balic Amila , Cengic Emina , Katana Elma , Duratbegovic Damir , Lazovic Salcin Edina
Published: May 2023

This study presents a case report of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst of tooth #35, associated with its previously endodontically treated deciduous predecessor. Cystic lesion growth caused impaction of the second premolar, displacing it closer to the lower border of the mandible. The lesion represents a typical dentigerous cyst that possibly arises in association with periapical inflammation of a deciduous molar involving the follicle of the premolars. This report highlights the inflammatory etiology of dentigerous cysts, which mainly occur in mixed dentition. A 12-year-old patient was referred to Oral Surgery Department regarding a sizeable radiolucent lesion in the unerupted mandibular second premolar region, detected on an Orthopantomagram (OPG) X-ray. A non-vital primary predecessor had been endodontically treated at least one year before an examination, with a control OPG X-ray showing no signs of pathology at the time. The patient did not report any symptoms. Clinical examination revealed an egg-like tumefaction of the alveolar bone in the left premolar region of the mandible. Cone-beam computed tomography analysis showed a sizeable translucent lesion surrounding the crown of the impacted tooth. The lesion was enucleated in its entirety, along with the impacted premolar, under local anesthesia. Clinical findings combined with radiographic and microscopic examinations confirmed the diagnosis of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst. The seventeen month follow-up revealed good bone healing. This case presented a rare complication of endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth and informed on possible complications of endodontic therapy in deciduous teeth, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis of cysts in preventing extraction of permanent teeth.
Physiological and Pathological Functions of TMEM30A: An Essential Subunit of P4-ATPase Phospholipid Flippases
Authors: Li Jingyi , Zhao Yue , Wang Na
Published: May 2023

Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed across mammalian plasma membrane. The function of P4-ATPases is to maintain the abundance of phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the inner leaflet as lipid flippases. Transmembrane protein 30A (TMEM30A, also named CDC50A), as an essential β subunit of most P4-ATPases, facilitates their transport and functions. With TMEM30A knockout mice or cell lines, it is found that the loss of TMEM30A has huge influences on the survival of mice and cells because of PS exposure-triggered apoptosis signaling. TMEM30A is a promising target for drug discovery due to its significant roles in various systems and diseases. In this review, we summarize the functions of TMEM30A in different systems, present current understanding of the protein structures and mechanisms of TMEM30A-P4-ATPase complexes, and discuss how these fundamental aspects of TMEM30A may be applied to disease treatment.
Multicriteria Ordered the Profile Clustering Algorithm Based on PROMETHEE and Fuzzy c‐Means
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Adnan , Muhiuddin G. , Rashid Tabasam , Sardar Muhammad Shoaib
Published: May 2023

The purpose of multicriteria clustering is to locate groups of alternatives that have comparable qualities and have been examined across multiple criteria. An ordered profile clustering is a well‐known problem, and the fuzzy c‐means clustering (FCM) technique is one of the most broadly used in every field of life. At present, FCM is for the partitioning of information into numerous clusters which are still lacking priority relations. To address the problem of finding ranking in clusters based on multicriteria in the fuzzy environment, we propose a multicriteria ordered clustering algorithm based on the partial net outranking flow of the preference organization for enrichment evaluations method (PROMETHEE) and fuzzy c‐means. Lastly, we apply the proposed algorithm to solve a real‐world targeted clustering problem regarding the human development indexes. To test the efficacy of the proposed algorithm, a comparative analysis of ordered K‐means clustering (OKM) and FCM is carried out with it.
Newly Characterized Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus GII Subtype Strain
Authors: Yu Jiarong , Chen Pengfei , Liu Ruilin , Lao Mengqin , Zhu Junrui , Zhou Shuting , Jiang Jijie , Huang Shijing , Tong Wu , Jiang Yifeng , Gao Fei , Yu Lingxue , Yu Hai , Liu Changlong , Yang Zhibiao , Tong Guangzhi , Zhou Yanjun
Published: May 2023

Diarrhea outbreaks in piglets on pig farms are commonly attributed to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection. This research analyzed the S gene prevalence variation and recombination patterns in PEDV GII strains. Throughout the previous two years, 172 clinical samples of piglet diarrhea have been collected, from which 24 PEDV isolates have been isolated. Analysis of the evolutionary relationships among all 24 S genes revealed that 21 were most closely related to strains within the GII-a subgroup. The 2 isolates grouped into one clade with the GII-b subgroup. According to the mutation analysis of the amino acids (aa) that encode the S protein, 43 of the common aa in strains of the GII subtype were found to have undergone a change in polarity or charge, and 36 of these aa had a mutation frequency of more than 90%. Three different aa mutation sites were identified as exclusive to GII-a subtype strains. The genomes of three PEDV isolates were sequenced, and the resulting range in genome length was 28,035−28,041 nt. The results of recombination analysis showed that the SD1 isolate is a novel strain recombinant from the foreign S-INDEL strain and a domestic GII subtype strain. Based on the findings, the PEDV GII-a strain has been the most circulating strain in several parts of China during the previous two years. Our study reveals for the first time the unique change of aa mutations in the S protein of the GII-a subtype strain and the new characteristics of the recombination of foreign strains and domestic GII subtype strains, indicating that it is crucial to monitor the epidemic dynamics of PEDV promptly to prevent and control the occurrence of PED effectively.
In‐ICU Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients in a Reference Cameroonian Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mandeng Ma Linwa Edgar , Binam Bikoi Charles , Tochie Noutakdie Joel , Ndoye Ndo Emmanuel , Bikoy Jean Moise , Eposse Ekoube Charlotte , Fogue Mogoung Raissa , Simo Ghomsi Igor , Budzi Michael Ngenge , Ngo Linwa Esther Eleonore , Meh Martin Geh , Mekolo David
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Mortality rate amongst critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) is disproportionately high in sub‐Saharan African countries such as Cameroon. Identifying factors associated with higher in‐ICU mortality guides more aggressive resuscitative measures to curb mortality, but the dearth of data on predictors of in‐ICU mortality precludes this action. We aimed to determine predictors of in‐ICU mortality in a major referral ICU in Cameroon. Methodology. This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to the ICU of Douala Laquintinie Hospital from 1st of March 2021 to 28th February 2022. We performed a multivariable analysis of sociodemographic, vital signs on admission, and other clinical and laboratory variables of patients discharged alive and dead from the ICU to control for confounding factors. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results. Overall, the in‐ICU mortality rate was 59.4% out of 662 ICU admissions. Factors independently associated with in‐ICU mortality were deep coma (aOR = 0.48 (0.23–0.96), 95% CI, p = 0.043), and hypernatremia (>145 meq/L) (aOR = 0.39 (0.17–0.84) 95% CI, p = 0.022). Conclusion. The in‐ICU mortality rate in this major referral Cameroonian ICU is high. Six in 10 patients admitted to the ICU die. Patients were more likely to die if admitted with deep coma and high sodium levels in the blood.
Ulam Stability of Jensen Functional Inequality on a Class of Noncommutative Groups
Authors: Lu Gang , Sun Wenlong , Jin Yuanfeng , Liu Qi
Published: May 2023

In the paper, we introduce new

ρ

-functional inequalities related to the Jensen functional equation and some properties. The Hyers-Ulam stability of functional inequalities is proved.
Online Gaming Addiction and Quality of Life among Early Adolescents in Thailand: An Investigation from a SEM-Neural Network Approach
Authors: Bhatiasevi Veera , Rukumnuaykit Pungpond , Pholphirul Piriya
Published: May 2023

The popularity of gaming has greatly increased, especially among children and adolescents. As such, spending too much time playing games has become a serious issue and may have adverse effects on the quality of life of adolescents. This paper is aimed at identifying the factors and degree of influence that leads to gaming addiction and its impact on the quality of life of Thai adolescents. Data were collected from 2,044 adolescents in the form of a questionnaire from five major regions in Thailand, in both municipal and nonmunicipal areas. Structural equation modeling and the neural network model were used to analyze the data. The results indicate some differences between boys and girls as to what factors lead to gaming addiction. But gaming addiction was found to have a negative impact on the quality of life for both genders. Discussions comprising both academic and practical perspectives are also presented.
Critical Care Nurses’ Adherence to Ethical Codes and Its Association with Spiritual Well‐Being and Moral Sensitivity
Authors: Momennasab Marzieh , Homayoon Zohreh , Torabizadeh Camellia
Published: May 2023

Background. Adherence to ethical codes is a major pillar of nursing care that is affected by various factors. Identifying these factors can lead to better ethical performance. The present study was conducted to determine critical care nurses’ adherence to ethical codes and its association with spiritual well‐being (SWB) and moral sensitivity (MS). Methods. In this descriptive‐correlational study, data were collected using the moral sensitivity questionnaire (MSQ) by Lützén et al., Paloutzian and Ellison’s spiritual well‐being scale (SWBS), and the adherence to ethical codes questionnaire. The study was conducted on 298 nurses working in critical care units of hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran in 2019. This study was examined and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Results. The majority of the participants were female (76.2%) and single (60.1%), with a mean age of 30.69 ± 5.74 years. The mean scores of adherence to ethical codes, SWB, and MS were 64.06 (good), 91.94 (moderate), and 134.08 (moderate), respectively. Adherence to ethical codes had a positive correlation with the total score of SWB (P < 0.001, r = 0.25) and MS (P < 0.001, r = 0.27). A positive correlation was also observed between MS and SWB (P < 0.001, r = 0.41). Meanwhile, MS (β = 0.21) had a greater effect than SWB (β = 0.157) on adherence to ethical codes. Conclusion. Critical care nurses showed a good adherence to ethical codes. MS and SWB also positively affected their adherence to ethical codes. Nursing managers can use these findings to devise plans for the promotion of MS and SWB in nurses and thus help improve their ethical performance.
Bael (Aegle marmelos), an Underutilized Fruit with Enormous Potential to Be Developed as a Functional Food Product: A Review
Authors: Khanal Asmita , Dall'acqua Stefano , Adhikari Rameshwar
Published: May 2023

In South Asia, a fruit often known as Bael is a valuable medicinal plant, which is scientifically named Aegle marmelos. Not just the fruits but also the leaves, stems, bark, and roots are used in traditional medicine. Since ancient times, the plant has been used to treat a variety of chronic illnesses. Several scientific investigations have confirmed the nutritional and medicinal properties of plant-derived compounds. Global concern about the role of eating habits and health has increased the interest in plant-derived nutraceuticals; thereby, the functional attributes of such underutilized fruits are being explored which have an enormous potential to be developed as a functional product for the food processing industry. The present review emphasizes scientific data on the nutritional and bioactive composition of the fruit along with its pharmacological activities. Furthermore, this study also discussed fruit processing technology and innovation in the development of potential functional products derived from the fruit.
Characterizing White Matter Changes along Fibers in Treatment-Naive Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Suo Xueling , Lei Du , Sun Huaiqiang , Li Wenbin , Qin Kun , Li Lingjiang , Kemp Graham J. , Wang Song , Gong Qiyong
Published: May 2023

Children and adolescents are more susceptible than adults to developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Pediatric PTSD is characterized by functional alterations in brain fear circuitry, but little is known about the underlying microstructural changes; previous work has mainly focused on the corpus callosum. This study is aimed at investigating brain-wide microstructural abnormalities in pediatric PTSD, their relationship to age and sex, and their potential diagnostic value. The microstructure of major white matter tracts was assessed from diffusion tensor images acquired from 24 treatment-naive non-comorbid PTSD patients <18 years and 24 trauma-exposed non-PTSD controls (TENP) matched for age, sex, and years of education. Statistical analyses included pointwise comparisons, correlations with symptom severity, and diagnosis-by-age/sex interactions; support vector machine analyses were conducted to determine whether microstructure distinguishes PTSD from TENP. Compared with TENP, pediatric PTSD patients showed higher fractional anisotropy and lower radial diffusivity in right superior longitudinal fasciculus and lower axial diffusivity in right uncinate fasciculus. These white matter microstructural abnormalities were highly correlated with PTSD symptom severity. No significant diagnosis by age or sex interaction was observed. The pointwise axial diffusivity measurements presented the best PTSD vs. TENP classification performance. In summary, pediatric PTSD patients showed clinically relevant microstructural abnormalities in uncinate and superior longitudinal fasciculus, which extend understanding of pediatric PTSD neurobiology beyond the corpus callosum and have diagnostic potential in distinguishing stressed individuals with and without PTSD.
Physical Architecture Simulation Based on System Dynamics Modelling for an Autonomous Transportation System Scenario
Authors: Liang Chen , Chen Zhenwu , Yang Liang , Guo Zihan , Feng Xianglong , Huang Zhijun , Liu Xiang , Qian Yuqing , Xu Yanqing , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhang Ji
Published: May 2023

With the rapid growth of traffic demand and the development of intelligent technology, autonomous transportation system (ATS) has been considered as future transportation system. The evaluation of a designed physical architecture of ATS is necessary for understanding whether and how ATS operates and evolves automatically without manual works, and architecture simulation is a method for solving such research problem. Therefore, in this study, architecture simulation based on system dynamics modelling has been employed for physical architecture research. Under this methodology, a simulation case for scenario “Autonomous Vehicle on a Crossing in an Autonomous Transportation System” has been studied for understanding the information flow in ATS to evaluate and optimise its physical architecture of ATS. In conclusion, the system dynamic model could help researchers understand and evaluate the physical architecture’s operation of ATS by scenario analysis.
Supplementary Data File 1 from Phase II Investigation of TVB-2640 (Denifanstat) with Bevacizumab in Patients with First Relapse High-Grade Astrocytoma
Authors: Kelly William , Diaz Duque Adolfo Enrique , Michalek Joel , Konkel Brandon , Caflisch Laura , Chen Yidong , Pathuri Sarath Chand , Madhusudanannair-Kunnuparampil Vinu , Floyd John , Brenner Andrew
Published: May 2023

Exosome Analysis Summary
Linguistic capital and international circulation: a comparative study between Argentina, Brazil and Chile
Authors: Beigel Fernanda , Almeida Ana Maria , Piovani Juan Ignacio
Published: May 2023

While the hyper centrality of English has been considered a central feature of the world academic system and an increasing tendency in the Latin  American academic circuit, one that has been pushed by state scientific policies and by the beliefs of  researchers, no attempt has been made so far to observe to which extent publication in English is indeed a requirement for developing an academic career in the region. We attempt to shed new light in this issue by exploring the results of a survey  that compares the use of foreign  languages in publications and the experiences of acquiring linguistic competence in English for researchers based in Argentina, Brazil and Chile. The results show a more complex  reality than that advanced by the evidence of hyper centrality of English. Bibliodiversity and multilingualism seems to be more the norm than the exception among these researchers. A steady stream of publication in the national language was identified among them, as well as the use of  other languages. As these results vary by disciplinary field and related to phd formation abroad, the article proposes a more nuanced view of the processes and dynamics of publication practices in the Southern Cone.
Um programa de pesquisas comparativas sobre o multilinguismo na produção científica do Cone Sul
Authors: Beigel Fernanda , Jackson Luiz Carlos
Published: May 2023

Apresentação ao dossiê - Monolinguismo ou multilinguismo na produção de conhecimento?
Desigualdades sociais na entrada no emprego formal entre graduados da educação superior
Authors: Vieira André de Holanda Padilha
Published: May 2023

O artigo analisa a relação entre a  origem familiar dos graduados de diferentes áreas de estudo e setores da educação superior e dois resultados no mercado de trabalho: a entrada no emprego formal e o emprego em ocupações consideradas típicas para área de formação. Para realizar a análise, utilizamos dados do Exame Nacional de Desempenho de  Estudantes (Enade) 2009 a 2011 e da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (Rais) 2013 a 2015, e calculamos  modelos logísticos e multinomiais. Os resultados principais mostram que as diferenças qualitativas da educação superior importam para a relação  entre a origem social dos graduados e a posição que ocupam no mercado de trabalho.
Elites em disputa por mercados populares: concorrência e confiança na economia (i)legal de veículos
Authors: Motta Luana Dias , Simão Luiz Gustavo , Fromm Deborah , Alcantara Juliana
Published: May 2023

O artigo analisa as disputas entre  elites para expansão de mercados  ligados aos veículos rumo a setores populares. Tomamos dois casos como entrada empírica: o setor de leilões de carros usados, que opõe elite  tradicional e elites financeiras globais;  e as disputas entre seguradoras  tradicionais e elites emergentes ligadas às associações de proteção veicular. Argumentamos que a  recorrência do uso do termo confiança nesses conflitos evidencia a  centralidade do crime, como fato ou  ameaça, para a construção e  funcionamento de mercados legais de veículos e produtos a eles ligados. O artigo é baseado em entrevistas e na  observação participante em eventos;  conferências e entrevistas disponíveis  na internet; materiais secundários  produzidos pelos atores engajados nas disputas; e projetos de lei e  legislações.
Carros globais, desigualdades transnacionais: sobre a economia (in)formal de veículos
Authors: Freire-Medeiros Bianca , Motta Luana , Fromm Deborah
Published: May 2023

Apresentação ao dossiê "Carros Globais".
De teste para política híbrida: o Programa de Praças de Nova York
Authors: Barata Aline Moreira Fernandes , Fontes Adriana Sansão
Published: May 2023

Em meio à dificuldade dos governos em promover políticas e projetos participativos, testemunhamos processos emergentes de envolvimento da sociedade na construção de espaços coletivos. O objetivo desse artigo é colocar em discussão o potencial do Urbanismo Tático, das experiências na escala humana (ações que testam ideias e transformam os espaços urbanos) e das micropolíticas híbridas (iniciativas de pequena escala que promovem a interação entre poder público e a sociedade) em possibilitar a participação da sociedade na transformação de espaços públicos. Como caso referencial, investigamos o Programa de Praças de Nova York que promove a reconfiguração de segmentos viários subutilizados em praças e estudamos como o programa incorporou medidas temporárias e participativas, passando a representar uma micropolítica híbrida para a cidade.
mundo revolucionado de New Babylon
Authors: Kamimura Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

Abordamos o projeto de Victor Nieuwenhuys (pseudônimo “Constant”) para a New Babylon (1956-1974), sua gênese e desenvolvimento, confrontando-os com a revolução tecnológica e social necessária à sua realização. Recapitulamos o clima cultural e político da década de 1950: o pós-guerra, a formação do Experimentele Groep, COBRA, MIBI, Internacional Letrista, Internacional Situacionista, a influência de Henri Lefebvre. Passamos à New Babylon, avaliando desenhos, textos, mapas. Lançamos indagações acerca do projeto e suas implicações sociais e psicológicas em relação ao comportamento do indivíduo e ao domínio do coletivo, e à pertinência da cidade voltada para a emancipação humana.