bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quais ações técnico-táticas realizadas durante as partidas de futsal podem discriminar o resultado de vitória ou derrota?
Authors: Miloski Bernardo , PINHO João Pedro , Freitas Camila Gobo de , Marcelino Pablo Rebouças , Arruda Ademir Felipe Schultz de
Published: July 2014

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se as ações técnico-táticas específicas do futsal são capazes de discriminar o resultado de partidas de uma equipe de alto rendimento. Foram analisadas 40 partidas de uma equipe de futsal durante dois anos de disputa da Liga Nacional. Considerou-se os resultados de vitória ou derrota. Durante cada partida, foram analisados o número total das seguintes ações técnico-táticas: Desarmes Realizados, Desarmes Sofridos, Total de Finalizações Realizadas, Total de Finalizações Sofridas, Finalizações Certas Realizadas, Finalizações Certas Sofridas, Passes Incompletos Realizados e Passes Incompletos do Adversário; bem como os índices de coeficiente para cada ação técnico-tática, a partir da razão entre ação realizada e sofrida. Foi realizada uma Análise Discriminante a partir do método de estimação simultânea. Apenas as variáveis Desarmes Realizados, Desarmes Sofridos e Coeficiente de Desarme apresentaram cargas discriminantes acima de 0,40, indicando que as mesmas poderiam discriminar o resultado de vitória e derrota em partidas de futsal. Pode-se concluir que a eficiência em relação ao número de Desarmes Realizados e de Desarmes Sofridos pode ser considerada um fator importante para alcançar o resultado de vitória em partidas de futsal de alto rendimento. Este estudo apontou que o sistema defensivo da equipe de futsal analisada, tanto no que se refere à organização tática quanto no tocante à técnica adequada para realização do desarme se apresentou como um fator discriminante do resultado da partida. Além disso, o sistema ofensivo também parece ser importante no sentido de prover uma melhor organização de ataque enquanto diminui a possibilidade de sofrer desarmes.
Aspectos da ?drive for muscularity?em estudantes de Educação Física
Authors: Campana Angela Nogueira Neves Betanho , Tavares Maria da Consolação Gomes Cunha Fernandes
Published: July 2014

“Drive for muscularity” refere-se ao desejo de alcançar um corpo musculoso idealizado e ao grau de preocupação que o sujeito pode ter a respeito do aumento da sua musculatura e a motivação para se tornar mais musculoso. O propósito deste estudo foi o de contribuir para a compreensão do “drive for muscularity” no cenário brasileiro, procurando identificar crenças, sentimentos e comportamentos a este constructo relacionados, em estudantes de educação física do sexo masculino. Dois grupos focais, com cinco participantes cada, foram realizados para evidenciar elementos de “drive for muscularity”. Através da análise de decomposição temática foram identificados dois temas, nos quais foram distribuídos cinco subtemas: “é importante ser musculoso”; “é importante ser suficientemente musculoso”; “construção do corpo musculoso”; “o peso de estar fora do padrão” e “o preço para atingir o padrão”. Concluiu-se que aparência e a função são importantes, aquele que parece forte também deve ser capaz de fazer força. O corpo suficientemente musculoso, com baixo percentual de gordura é aquele valorizado, inclusive no mercado de trabalho. A forma mais lícita de alcançar o corpo musculoso é através da rotina ascética de treinamento, alimentação balanceada e descanso. Os suplementos alimentares são recursos adicionais aceitos. O uso de esteroides anabolizantes por aqueles com “herança genética” desfavorável é inicialmente “perdoado”, mas o corpo que resulta deste recurso é fonte de sentimentos ambíguos.
Estágios de mudança de comportamento para atividade física em universitários e fatores sociodemográficos associados
Authors: Quintino Priscila Luana , Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Petroski Edio Luiz
Published: July 2014

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram descrever os Estágios de Mudança de Comportamento (EMC) para Atividade Física (AF) e identificar fatores sociodemográficos associados aos EMC para AF em acadêmicos do curso de Educação Física de uma instituição pública do sul do Brasil. Estudo transversal com 236 estudantes do curso de Educação Física da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Avaliou-se os EMC (pré-contemplação, contemplação, preparação, ação e manutenção) por meio de questionário. As variáveis sociodemográficas analisadas foram: sexo, idade, situação conjugal, trabalho, renda, curso, escolaridade materna e paterna. Dos acadêmicos investigados, 18,6% encontravam-se nos estágios de comportamento inativo fisicamente (0,4% pré-contemplação; 2,5% contemplação; 15,7% preparação). Em relação aos estágios do comportamento ativo, 81,4% dos universitários estavam nesta situação (18,2% ação; 63,2% manutenção). O sexo feminino foi o subgrupo populacional com maiores chances de apresentar comportamento inativo. Programas de educação em saúde e de incentivo à prática esportiva na universidade devem ser estimulados para a modificação e adoção de comportamento ativo.
Futebol: representações e práticas de escolares do ensino fundamental
Authors: Macagnan Leandro Del Giudice , Betti Mauro
Published: July 2014

Este estudo buscou caracterizar as práticas e identificar representações sociais de escolares sobre o futebol no âmbito da aulas de Educação Física Escolar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de tipo etnográfico, que utilizou observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas, além de questionário, em uma turma de 29 alunos do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola pública na cidade de Bauru - SP. Os resultados indicam que as mídias e a família são os principais elementos que constituem as representações dos alunos sobre o futebol, e que o modo como a prática do futebol é desenvolvida na escola ao mesmo tempo as constrói e realimenta. Concluímos que as representações sociais são um importante meio que orienta as relações dos alunos com o futebol, na medida em que influenciam a orientação e organização das suas condutas. Todavia, isto não torna homogêneas suas condutas e valores, pois os alunos buscam no futebol a satisfação de algo que é também pessoal, como diversão e amizades.
A percepção dos alunos com deficiência sobre a sua inclusão nas aulas de Educação Física escolar: um estudo de caso
Authors: Alves Maria Luiza Tanure , Duarte Edison
Published: July 2014

O estudo tem como objetivo investigar a inclusão a partir da perspectiva do aluno com deficiência dentro do contexto das aulas de educação física escolar. Participaram do estudo três estudantes entre 12 e 21 anos com deficiência física ou visual do sexo feminino. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com roteiro pré-definido e anotações de campo como instrumentos de medida. A inclusão no contexto das aulas de educação física esteve vinculada a três fatores: adaptação, participação social e capacidade. Estes fatores agiram de forma dependente e complementar para a construção de um senso de pertencimento, aceitação e valor dentro do grupo.
Distribuição espacial dos danos de Heilipodus naevulus em plantio de clones de eucalipto
Authors: Matrangolo Carlos Augusto Rodrigues , Anjos Norivaldo dos , Leite Helio Garcia , Marcatti Gustavo Eduardo
Published: July 2014

As espécies Heilipodus naevulus (Mannerheim, 1836) foi detectado, em 2008, no município de Barão de Cocais, MG, em plantios comerciais de clones de eucalipto, danificando o ponteiro principal e o lateral. Devido ao seu hábito noturno, o seu tamanho reduzido, coloração acinzentada, e , por se abrigar na área de serapilheira durante o dia, a sua detecção é dificultada, sendo a sua presença apenas evidenciada através dos ponteiros tombados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a distribuição desta espécie durante o primeiro ano de crescimento clones eucalipto, a fim de fornecer subsídios para a elaboração de um plano de amostragem. O trabalho foi realizado no município de Barão de Cocais, MG, a partir de outubro/2008 a março/2009. Nos dois talhões de avaliação foram estratificados em baixada, encosta e topo. Foram distribuídas 18 porções, de 10 x 10 árvores, sendo nove por talhão, e, três por estrato. Foi adotado como indicador da presença de H.naevulus na planta a presença ponteiro recém danificado. Para o cálculo da distribuição espacial foram empregados a Razão Variância/Média, o Índice de Morisita, o Parâmetro k da distribuição binomial negativa, o Coeficiente de Green, a Distribuição de Poisson e a Lei de potência de Taylor. Ao longo do período de avaliação da presença de H. naevulus, os índices calculados apresentaram um padrão agregado de ocorrência dos danos, indicando que a espécie apresenta um padrão agregado de distribuição, mesmo em baixa incidência.
Qualidade higiênico-sanitária e prevalência de sorovares de Salmonella em linguiças frescais produzidas artesanalmente e inspecionadas, comercializadas no oeste do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Souza Marinêz de , Pinto Fabiana Gisele da Silva , Bona Eliana Almeida Mira de , Moura Alexandre Carvalho de
Published: July 2014

A fabricação de linguiça do tipo frescal requer uma série de etapas de manipulação, o que eleva as possibilidades de contaminação por diversas espécies de micro-organismos patogênicos ou deterioradores. Isso pode comprometer a qualidade microbiológica do produto final e veicular enfermidades a partir de seu consumo. No período de abril a setembro de 2009, foi avaliada a qualidade microbiológica de 40 amostras de linguiça tipo frescal produzidas artesanalmente e inspecionadas pelo Serviço de Inspeção Estadual e Federal nos municípios de Cascavel e Toledo (PR), através da quantificação de coliformes termotolerantes, contagem de Staphylococcus spp., bactérias mesófilas aeróbias estritas e facultativas viáveis, pesquisa de Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Bacillus cereus, Clostridium sulfito-redutores e bolores e leveduras. Os resultados revelaram que 55% das amostras analisadas de linguiça tipo frescal inspecionadas e artesanais apresentaram-se fora dos parâmetros estabelecidos pela Resolução RDC nº 12, de 2 de janeiro de 2001, da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa), em pelo menos um dos grupos de micro-organismos estudados. Portanto, pode-se dizer que a linguiça tipo frescal comercializada no oeste do Paraná pode oferecer riscos à saúde da população.
Ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Brucella ovis em ovinos com histórico de distúrbios reprodutivos no estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Rizzo Huber , Gregory Lilian , Beraldi Fidel , Carvalho Aline Feola de , Pinheiro Eliana Scarcelli , Paulin Lília Márcia
Published: July 2014

Com base no histórico de distúrbios reprodutivos, foram realizados inquéritos sorológicos e tentativas de isolamento de Brucella ovis em 28 propriedades do estado de São Paulo, totalizando 294 ovinos. Os soros colhidos por ocasião das visitas aos estabelecimentos rurais foram submetidos ao teste de fixação do complemento. Durante os exames clínicos, também foram colhidas amostras de materiais biológicos suspeitos para posterior cultivo bacteriológico em meio Brucella ágar, num total de 16 fetos abortados, um útero, seis secundinas, 13 secreções uterinas, seis zaragatoas de muco vaginal, 17 amostras de sêmen e três zaragatoas prepuciais. A proporção de ovinos com histórico de distúrbios reprodutivos e sororreativos para B. ovis foi de 1,7% (5/294), sendo um macho e quatro fêmeas, com títulos variando de 800 UI a 1.600 UI. Quatro rebanhos dos 28 pesquisados apresentaram animais sororreagentes (14,3%). Todos os cultivos das amostras biológicas foram negativos, inclusive sêmen e órgãos reprodutivos de carneiro da raça Texel, positivo em dois testes de fixação de complemento com intervalo de seis meses. Nos rebanhos de ovinos do estado de São Paulo examinados, não foi possível relacionar os distúrbios reprodutivos à sorologia positiva para B. ovis. No entanto, foi detectada presença de focos, fator de risco para a disseminação da bactéria nos rebanhos.
Habilidade competitiva relativa de arroz irrigado com arroz-vermelho suscetível ou resistente ao herbicida imazapyr + imazapic
Authors: Rubin Rafael Salles , Langaro Ana Claudia , Mariani Franciele , Agostinetto Dirceu , Berto Roberta Manica
Published: July 2014

O uso intenso de herbicidas com o mesmo mecanismo de ação tem selecionado espécies de plantas daninhas resistentes como, por exemplo, o arroz-vermelho (Oryza sativa L.) com resistência à mistura formulada dos herbicidas imazapyr + imazapic. A competição de plantas daninhas ocasiona perda de produtividade das culturas, geralmente crescente, quanto mais semelhantes forem suas características morfofisiológicas. Ainda, a capacidade competitiva do biótipo geralmente é alterada pela característica de resistência, e seu conhecimento é fundamental para a compreensão da dinâmica da população resistente. Diante disso, o objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar a habilidade competitiva entre biótipos de arroz-vermelho resistente e suscetível ao herbicida imazapyr + imazapic com arroz irrigado, utilizando o método de série de substituição. Para isso, foram conduzidos experimentos com a cultivar Puitá INTA CL, competindo com o biótipo de arroz-vermelho suscetível ou resistente. As populações de plantas por vaso totalizaram 24, o equivalente a 942 plantas m-2. Para o arroz-vermelho suscetível ou resistente ao herbicida, a competição interespecífica é favorável em relação à competição intraespecífica, enquanto para a cultura do arroz irrigado o competidor independe. A cultivar Puitá INTA CL, em geral, apresenta habilidade competitiva equivalente aos biótipos de arroz-vermelho suscetível ou resistente ao herbicida imazapyr + imazapic, competindo pelos mesmos recursos do ambiente.
Seletividade de inseticidas a alguns dos inimigos naturais na cultura do algodão
Authors: Diamantino Elizio Pereira , Castellani Maria Aparecida , Forti Luiz Carlos , Moreira Aldenise Alves , José Alcebíades Rebouças São , Macedo Juliana Alves de , Oliveira Fabiano de Sousa , Silva Bruna Santos
Published: July 2014

O objetivo foi estudar a seletividade de inseticidas aos inimigos naturais na cultura do algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.r. latifolium Hurtch), cultivar DeltaOpal, no município de Malhada (BA) e conhecer a fauna benéfica associada. O trabalho foi conduzido na safra 2010/2011, com delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos: (1) Fipronil 200 SC (0,38 L.ha-1); (2) Alfacipermetrina 100 SC (0,30 L.ha-1); (3) Lufenuron 50 CE (0,30 L.ha-1); (4) Imidacloprid 200 SC (0,30 L.ha-1); (5) Paration Metil 600 CE (1,00 L.ha-1); e (6) Testemunha (água). A aplicação dos produtos foi feita 80 dias após a emergência, com avaliações um dia antes da aplicação e 1, 7 e 14 dias após a aplicação (DAA) por meio do pano de batida e armadilha Moericke. Em laboratório, os insetos foram triados, contados e identificados em famílias. A toxicidade dos produtos varia em função do grupo do inimigo natural. A Imidacloprida é seletiva às aranhas, sendo os demais inseticidas medianamente tóxicos (Alfacipermetrina e Paration Metil: 1º e 14º DAA; Lufenuron: 14º DAA) ou tóxicos (Fipronil e Alfacipermetrina: 7º DAA). Fipronil (1º DAA), Alfacipermetrina (7º DAA) e Paration Metil (14º DAA) são medianamente tóxicos aos adultos de joaninhas. Os inseticidas estudados são tóxicos às larvas de joaninhas, com mais impacto até os sete dias após a aplicação, com exceção do Paration Metil, classificado como inócuo até esse período. Registra-se a ocorrência de 13 famílias de aranhas e 18 famílias de hymenópteros parasitoides em agroecossistema de algodão na região de Malhada (BA).
-765 G>C POLYMORPHISM OF THE COX-2 GENE AND GASTRIC CANCER RISK IN BRAZILIAN POPULATION
Authors: CAMPANHOLO Vanessa Maria de Lima Pazine , FELIPE Aledson Vitor , LIMA Jacqueline Miranda de , PIMENTA Célia Aparecida Marques , VENTURA Rogéria Maria , FORONES Nora Manoukian
Published: July 2014

ContextGenomic alterations play important roles in gastric cancer carcinogenesis. Cyclooxygenases (COX) are important enzymes in the maintenance of mucosal integrity and in pathological processes, mainly in inflammation and cancer. The -765G>C COX-2 polymorphism has been implicated in gastric cancer risk.ObjectivesTo evaluate the COX-2 gene polymorphism as a predictor of gastric cancer risk.MethodsOne hundred gastric cancer patients and 150 controls were enrolled from a Brazilian centre. Personal data regarding related risk factors, including alcohol consumption and smoking behavior, were collected via questionnaire. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the genotypes were analyzed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism.ResultsG/G, G/C and C/C genotypes frequencies was 42.7%, 50% and 7.3%, respectively in controls and 59.0%, 34.0% and 7.0% in gastric cancer. The frequency of the genotypes differed between the groups (P = 0.033). A higher risk of gastric cancer was associated with COX-2 -765G/G genotype (P = 0.048; OR:1.98, 95% CI = 1.01-3.90). Alcohol consumption and smoking in patients with -765G/G genotype also increased the risk of gastric cancer.ConclusionsThe -765G/G genotype and the -765G allele had been associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer. The presence of smoking and alcohol consumption increased the risk for gastric cancer in subjects with -765G/G genotype compared with the control group. Polymorphism of COX-2 gene and gastric cancer risk.
GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL COURSE OF CROHN’S DISEASE IN AN ASIAN POPULATION: a retrospective cohort review
Authors: LAW Siu-tong , LI Kin Kong
Published: July 2014

ContextData from Asian populations about gender-related differences in Crohn’s disease are few.ObjectivesThis study was to analyze the clinical characteristics between women and men affected by Crohn’s disease.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study to analyze consecutive Crohn’s disease patients from Jan 2000 to Dec 2012. Clinical and phenotypic characteristics and treatment outcomes were evaluated.Results79 patients (55 male and two of them with positive family history) were diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. Ileocolonic disease and inflammatory lesion was the most dominant site of involvement and disease behavior respectively in both men and women. Apart from higher frequency of nausea (45.83 vs 23.64%, P 0.024) and lower body mass index (19.44 vs 22.03 kg/m2, P 0.003) reported in women, no significant gender-related differences in clinical characteristics were observed. Women were more associated with delay use of immunosuppressive therapy (12 vs 36 months, P = 0.028), particularly for those aged less than 40 years old (85 vs 62.6%,P = 0.023). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that active smoking (HR, 4.679; 95% CI, 1.03-21.18) and delayed use of immunosuppressive therapy (HR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.01-16.88) were only independent risk factors associated with increased risk of complications.ConclusionsThere were no significant gender-specific differences in clinical and phenotypic characteristics between male and female Crohn’s disease patients. Smoking history and delay use of immunosuppressive therapy were associated with higher risk of complications.
POSITIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN DISEASE ACTIVITY INDEX AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES ACTIVITY IN A RAT MODEL OF COLITIS
Authors: OLIVEIRA Luiz Gustavo de , CUNHA André Luiz da , DUARTE Amaury Caiafa , CASTAÑON Maria Christina Marques Nogueira , CHEBLI Júlio Maria Fonseca , AGUIAR Jair Adriano Kopke de
Published: July 2014

ContextInflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, comprising a broad spectrum of diseases those have in common chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, histological alterations and an increased activity levels of certain enzymes, such as, metalloproteinases.ObjectivesEvaluate a possible correlation of disease activity index with the severity of colonic mucosal damage and increased activity of metalloproteinases in a model of ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium.MethodsColitis was induced by oral administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium for seven days in this group (n=10), whereas control group (n=16) received water. Effects were analyzed daily by disease activity index. In the seventh day, animals were euthanized and hematological measurements, histological changes (hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian Blue staining), myeloperoxidase and metalloproteinase activities (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were determined.ResultsDextran sulfate sodium group showed elevated disease activity index and reduced hematological parameters. Induction of colitis caused tissue injury with loss of mucin and increased myeloperoxidase (P<0.001) and MMP-9 activities (45 fold) compared to the control group.ConclusionsIn this study, we observed a disease activity index correlation with the degree of histopathological changes after induction of colitis, and this result may be related mainly to the increased activity of MMP-9 and mieloperoxidase.
GASTRIC RESIDUAL VOLUME BY MAGNETIC RESSONANCE AFTER INTAKE OF MALTODEXTRIN AND GLUTAMINE: a randomized double-blind, crossover study
Authors: BRIANEZ Luigi R , CAPOROSSI Cervantes , MOURA Yure W de , DIAS Lorena A , LEAL Regis V , AGUILAR-NASCIMENTO José E de
Published: July 2014

ContextThe addition of glutamine in preoperative drinks may enhance the benefits of carbohydrate alone.ObjectivesTo evaluate the gastric residual volume after the intake of a beverage containing carbohydrate plus glutamine.MethodsEleven healthy volunteers (24-30 years-old) were randomized in a crossover fashion to intake 400 mL (4h before) and 200 mL (2h before) of a beverage containing either 12.5% maltodextrin (carbohydrate group) or 12.5% maltodextrin plus 15 g of glutamine (glutamine group) in two different moments 7 days apart. Magnetic ressonance was performed to measure the gastric residual volume (mL) 120 and 180 minutes after the last ingestion.ResultsGastric residual volume similar to basal condition was found after 2h and 3h of the intake of beverages. There was no difference in the mean ±SD GRV (mL) found at 120 minutes (carbohydrate group: 22.9±16.6 and glutamine group: 19.7±10.7) and at 180 minutes (carbohydrate group: 21.5±24.1 and glutamine group: 15.1±10.1) between the two drinks.ConclusionsGastric emptying is efficient, and occurs in up to two hours after the intake of a beverage containing either carbohydrate alone or carbohydrate associated with glutamine. The addition of glutamine to carbohydrate-enriched drink seems to be safe for the use up to 2h before an operation. HEADINGS - Gastric emptying. Preoperative care. Carbohydrates. Glutamine. Magnetic resonance imaging.
RISK OF INFERTILITY IN PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: LASA Juan Sebastian , ZUBIAURRE Ignacio , SOIFER Luis Oscar
Published: July 2014

ContextCeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine associated with several extra-intestinal features, such as reproductive disorders. The relationship between celiac disease and infertility has been previously assessed, with conflicting results.ObjectivesWe seek to determine the relationship between celiac disease and infertility.MethodsData was extracted from case-control or cohort design studies from 1966 to December 2013 using the MEDLINE-Pubmed, EMBASE, LILACS and Cochrane Library databases. We analyzed two kinds of trials: those assessing the risk of infertility in subjects with already diagnosed celiac disease, and those evaluating the prevalence of undiagnosed celiac disease in subjects with a diagnosis of infertility.ResultsThe search yielded 413 potentially relevant studies for revision, 12 of which were finally included for analysis. A significant association was found between women with a diagnosis of infertility and undiagnosed celiac disease [OR 3.09 (95% CI 1.74-5.49)]. When considering those studies assessing the occurrence of infertility in subjects with already-diagnosed celiac disease, no difference was found between celiac disease patients and control subjects [OR 0.99 (0.86-1.13)].ConclusionsUndiagnosed celiac disease is a risk factor for infertility. Women seeking medical advice for this particular condition should be screened for celiac disease. Adoption of a gluten-free diet could have a positive impact on fertility in this group of patients.
Influence of patient age and colorectal polyp size on histopathology findings
Authors: SILVA Silvana Marques e , ROSA Viviane Fernandes , SANTOS Antônio Carlos Nóbrega dos , ALMEIDA Romulo Medeiros de , OLIVEIRA Paulo Gonçalves de , SOUSA João Batista de
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and can arise through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Colonoscopy is considered the method of choice for population-wide cancer screening. AIM: To assess the characteristics of endoscopically resected polyps in a consecutive series of patients who underwent colonoscopy at a university hospital and compare histopathology findings according to patient age and polyp size. METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional of 1950 colonoscopy reports from consecutively examined patients. The sample was restricted to reports that mentioned colorectal polyps. A chart review was carried out for collection of demographic data and histopathology results. Data were compared for polyps sized ≤0.5 cm and ≥0.6 cm and then for polyps sized ≤1.0 cm and ≥1.1 cm. Finally, all polyps resected from patients aged 49 years or younger were compared with those resected from patients aged 50 years or older. RESULTS: A total of 272 colorectal polyps were resected in 224 of the 1950 colonoscopies included in the sample (11.5%). Polyps >1 cm tended to be pedunculated (p=0.000) and were more likely to exhibit an adenomatous component (p=0.001), a villous component (p=0.000), and dysplasia (p=0.003). These findings held true when the size cutoff was set at 0.5 cm. Patients aged 50 years or older were more likely to have sessile polyps (p=0.023) and polyps located in the proximal colon (p=0.009). There were no significant differences between groups in histopathology or presence of dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Polyp size is associated with presence of adenomas, a villous component, and dysplasia, whereas patient age is more frequently associated with sessile polyps in the proximal colon.
Simplified technique for reconstruction of the digestive tract after total and subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: ZILBERSTEIN Bruno , JACOB Carlos Eduardo , BARCHI Leandro Cardoso , YAGI Osmar Kenji , RIBEIRO-JR Ulysses , COIMBRA Brian Guilherme Monteiro Marta , CECCONELLO Ivan
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic surgery has been increasingly applied to gastric cancer surgery. Gastrointestinal tract reconstruction totally done by laparoscopy also has been a challenge for those who developed this procedure. AIM - To describe simplified reconstruction after total or subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer by laparoscopy and the results of its application in a series of cases. METHODS - In the last four years, 75 patients were operated with gastric cancer and two with GIST. Thirty-four were women and 43 men. The age ranged from 38 to 77 years with an average of 55 years. In two patients with GIST a total and a subtotal gastrectomy were performed. In the other 75 patients were done 21 total gastrectomies and 54 subtotal. In all cancers, gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was completed with at least 37 lymph nodes removed. Was used in these operations a modified laparoscopic technique proposed by the authors consisting in a latero lateral esophagojejunal anastomosis with linear stapler in TG as well in STG, and reconstruction of the digestive continuity also in the upper abdomen. RESULTS - The intraoperative and immediate postoperative course were uneventful, except for one case of bleeding due to an opening clip, necessitating re-intervention. The operative time was 300 minutes, with no difference between total or subtotal gastrectomy. The number of lymph nodes removed varied from 28 to 69, averaging 37. Postoperative staging showed one case in T4 N2 M0; 13 in T2 N0 MO; 27 in T2 N1 M0; 24 in T3 N1 M0 and 10 in T3 N2 M0. Complication in only one case was observed on the 10th postoperative day with a small anastomotic leakage in esophagojejunal anastomose with spontaneous closure. CONCLUSION - The patient's evolution with no complications, no mortality and just one small anastomotic leakage with no systemic repercussions is a strong indication of the liability and feasibility of this innovative technical method.
Characterization of a Spring Wheat Association Mapping Panel for Root Traits
Authors: Narayanan Sruthi , Vara Prasad P. V.
Published: July 2014

Improved root traits are important for increased nutrient and water uptake and productivity in wheat (Triticum spp.). The objectives of this research were to characterize genetic variability for root traits in a Spring Wheat Association Mapping (AM) Panel and determine whether root traits are related to shoot dry weight, tiller number, and plant height. Rooting depth, root dry weight, root/shoot ratio, and shoot traits were determined for 250 genotypes of the AM panel. The remaining root traits were measured for a subset of 30 genotypes selected based on rooting depth. Significant genetic variability was observed for root traits. Genotypes Treasure and IDO686 were ranked high and genotypes MN08106‐6 and MT1016 were ranked low for most root traits in the AM panel or its subset. Shoot dry weight had positive relationships (correlation coefficient, r ≥ 0.50) with rooting depth and root dry weight in the AM panel, and with total root length, total root surface area, root length density (30–60‐cm soil depth), fine root length, and fine root surface area in the subset. Tiller number also had positive relationships (r ≥ 0.50) with all the above root traits except rooting depth and root dry weight. Plant height had no correlations with most root traits. Plant height had only weak negative relationships (|r| ≤ 0.36) with root dry weight and root/shoot ratio in the AM panel. The genetic variability identified in this research for root traits offers useful information for wheat improvement programs for choosing genotypes with contrasting root characteristics.
Phosphorus Availability and Sorption as Affected by Long‐Term Fertilization
Authors: Wang Yanling , Tang Jianwu , Zhang Hailin , Schroder Jackie L. , He Yuanqiu
Published: July 2014

Udic Ferrosols derived from the red clay of the Quaternary are characterized by a high P sorption capacity (PSC) and low P availability, which are mostly correlated with various inorganic phosphate (Pi) fractions that exist in soils. However, the direct cause and effect relationships between Pi and PSC or available P (Olsen P) can't be explained by a simple correlation analysis. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine which Pi fraction exerts the greatest influence on the PSC and Olsen P. A total of 21 soil samples collected from seven fertilizer treatments and with different available P contents and P adsorption capacities were obtained from a long‐term fertilization experiment in Liujiazhan, Jiangxi Province, China. The PSC can be represented using the phosphate sorption index (PSI), so the PSI was determined for all samples by a single‐point sorption method. Additionally, Pi fractions were determined according to Chang and Jackson's method. Multiple regression analysis and path analysis were used to discuss the direction and degree of influence of Pi on Olsen P or PSI. The results showed that various inorganic phosphates were positively correlated with Olsen P and negatively correlated with PSI. Nevertheless, only the Al phosphate (Al‐P) and Fe phosphate (Fe‐P) fractions were stable influential factors and critical intermediates for other inorganic phosphates’ effects on Olsen P. Significant linear positive correlations existed between the Al‐P/Fe‐P ratio and Olsen P, and changes in the Al‐P/Fe‐P ratio of red soils is an important indicator of soil P availability.
Establishment and Yield of Perennial Grass Monocultures and Binary Mixtures for Bioenergy in North Dakota
Authors: Wang G.-J. , Nyren P. , Xue Q.-W. , Aberle E. , Eriksmoen E. , Tjelde T. , Liebig M. , Nichols K. , Nyren A.
Published: July 2014

To develop appropriate bioenergy production systems to match site‐specific situations, establishment and yield were evaluated for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth and D.R. Dewey], tall wheatgrass [Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Z.‐W. Liu and R.‐C. Wang], and three binary mixtures at four sites in North Dakota from 2006 to 2011. One year after seeding in 2007, intermediate wheatgrass, tall wheatgrass, a binary mixture of tall wheatgrass and intermediate wheatgrass, and a binary mixture of tall wheatgrass with ‘Sunburst’ switchgrass (dominated by tall wheatgrass) stand canopy cover was above 85% at all four sites. Sunburst switchgrass and its binary mixture with big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) stand canopy cover reached 100% at Carrington, the most eastern site; and below 35% at Williston, the most western site, 1 yr after seeding. Meanwhile, their stand canopy cover was more than 70% at Minot and Streeter, the north central and south central sites, respectively, 2 to 3 yr after seeding. Sunburst switchgrass produced the highest biomass at Carrington (10.6 ± 1.8 Mg ha−1), whereas intermediate wheatgrass was the highest at Williston (3.0 ± 1.0 Mg ha−1). The binary mixture of tall wheatgrass with Sunburst switchgrass had the highest yield at Minot (8.5 ± 2.5 Mg ha−1) and Streeter (6.7 ± 1.9 Mg ha−1). Yields of binary mixtures were at least comparable to and sometimes higher than those of their compositional component monocultures. Binary mixtures with carefully selected species could have potential for bioenergy production systems in North Dakota.
Effect of Cultivation on Dynamics of Organic and Inorganic Carbon Stocks in Songnen Plain
Authors: Yu Pujia , Li Qiang , Jia Hongtao , Li Guangdi , Zheng Wei , Shen Xiangjin , Diabate Baba , Zhou Daowei
Published: July 2014

The accurate estimation of soil C stock is important for understanding the global C cycles. Particularly in arid regions, quantification of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is required in addition to the more frequently reported soil organic carbon (SOC). We analyzed SOC, SIC, soil bulk density (BD), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH of alkali–saline soils at a 0‐ to 100‐cm depth in a cultivation chronosequence that consisted of a meadow steppe site and four cropped sites with maize (Zea maysL.) for 1, 7, 17, and 24 yr in Songnen Plain, Northeast China to quantify SOC and SIC dynamics. Results showed that SOC stock in 0 to 100 cm soil was 92.3, 83.7, 80.9, 78.2, and 76.9 Mg C ha−1for Steppe, Crop‐1Y, Crop‐7Y, Crop‐17Y, and Crop‐24Y, respectively, decreased at a rate of 3.63 Mg C ha−1yr−1. In contrast, SIC stock, ranging from 159.0 to 179.4 Mg C ha−1increased at a rate of 0.53 Mg C ha−1yr−1in 0‐ to 100‐cm depth. The soil total carbon (STC) stock increased at a rate of 0.46 Mg C ha−1yr−1following land use conversion, peaked in the seventh year of cultivation and then declined at a rate of 0.89 Mg C ha−1yr−1. The SOC concentrations were negatively correlated with BD, EC, and pH, but SIC concentrations were positively correlated with soil BD, EC, and pH. The findings underline the importance of including SIC in the soil C estimates while considering deep soil profile and longer cultivation period.
Protein source in diets for ruminant nutrition
Authors: Ruzic-Muslic D. , Petrovic M.P. , Petrovic M.M. , Bijelic Z. , Caro-Petrovic V. , Maksimovic N. , Mandic V.
Published: July 2014

The rapid increase in human population leads to increased demand for animal
protein. On the other hand, the deficit of protein feeds in the market and
rising costs are the most significant obstacles facing animal production.
Therefore, most researches have focused on improving the status and
utilization of different protein sources in order to reduce costs and
maintain optimum performance of animals. The results of our study showed that
lambs of MIS population, of average body weight of 18.0 kg, fed diets with
different protein sources: sunflower meal, soybean meal, fish meal, realized
average daily gain: 0.169, 0.205 and 0.227 kg, respectively. Conversion of
dry matter in analogue treatments was: 4.54, 3.71 and 3.30 (kg/kg of gain)
and total protein (g/kg): 732, 596 and 549, respectively. It is evident that
the fish meal as a protein source improves the growth and utilization of food
in lambs. However, given that the European Commission has banned the use of
fish meal in diets for animal nutrition, nutritionists? imperative is to
investigate the possibility of using "unconventional" sources of protein
(peas, beans, lupins) in diets for ruminant nutrition. The aim of this study
was to compare the effects of different sources of protein in diets on
production performance of ruminants.
Effects of environmental factors on growth traits in Makuie sheep
Authors: Rahimi S.M. , Rafat S.A. , Jafari S.
Published: July 2014

The Makuie sheep is a fat-tailed sheep breed which can be found in the
Azerbaijan province of Iran. non-genetic parameters obtained from data
collected from 1993 to 2012 Makuie sheep research station of West Azerbaijan
province in Iran were evaluated in the present study. The non-genetic
parameters for birth weight, weaning weight (3 months), 6-month, 9-month and
yearling weight traits were estimated based on 19 years of data using SAS
software. Least squares means were 4.11? 0.88, 21.50?3.50, 27.18?3.53,
28.57?4.44 and 34.21?3.88 kg for weight at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 month,
respectively. The birth year had a significant effect on all traits while the
effect of birth type significantly affected all traits (p<0.05). The lamb's
sex had a significant effect on all traits (p<0.05). The effect of dam?s age
had a significant effect on all traits except 9- month (p<0.05). Results
showed that non- genetic factors have an important role in expressing of
genetic potential in the lambs.
Haplotype association of ovine leptin gene on breeding value of body measurements in Makooei sheep breed
Authors: Sadeghi S. , Hajihosseinlo A. , Bohlouli M.
Published: July 2014

The research was undertaken to find association of genetic variation in the
exon 3 of the leptin gene and breeding value of body weight traits in Makooei
sheep breed using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). The PCR
product was obtained to encompass exon 3 of leptin gene corresponding to
ovine leptin gene. The PCR fragments were subjected to electrophoresis to
reveal the SSCP patterns. Among the total of 130 sheep, five SSCP patterns
(haplotypes) were identified for amplified fragment. The frequencies of SSCP
patterns of polymorphic fragment were 0.09, 0.17, 0.37, 0.14 and 0.23.The
relation between the different haplotypes and body measurements including
body length (BL), heart girth (HG), height at withers (HW), height at back
(HB), rump length (RL) and scrotal circumference (SC) were ascertained in all
of the analyzed animals. According to our results, there is significant
association between the different haplotypes of this fragment with additive
estimated breeding value for the HG and RL traits. These results confirmed
the potential usefulness of leptin gene in marker-assisted selection programs
for sheep breeding in Makooei sheep breed.
The effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on production traits of Simmental cows
Authors: Pantelic V. , Petrovic M.M. , Ostojic-Andric D. , Ruzic-Muslic D. , Niksic D. , Novakovic Z. , Lazarevic M.
Published: July 2014

This study covered 737 controlled first calving Simmental cows with,
lactations concluded within one year. All first calving animals were on the
farms of individual farmers in the municipalities of Kragujevac and
Mladenovac. The research included the influence of bull sires, year and
season of calving on milk yield and fertility. Least squares method was used
to determine the average duration of lactation of 323.74 days. For a period
of 305 days, heifers produced 3701.67 kg of milk, or 3644.58 kg of 4% FCM.
The average production of milk fat was 144.26 kg and milk fat content was
3.88%. The interval from calving to first insemination lasted in average
124.19 days, and the animals were first calved at the age of 789.95 days. The
bull sires had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the duration of
lactation, milk yield and 4% FCM, milk fat yield and content and age of cows
at first calving. The duration of service period was not under significant
effect (P>0.05) of bull sires. Year of calving had a significant effect
(P<0.01) on the duration of lactation, production of milk, milk fat and 4%
FCM. Milk fat content, service period and age at first calving did not show
significant variation due to the impact of different years of calving
(P>0.05). Season of calving of cows demonstrated highly significant effect
(P<0.01) on the production of milk and 4% FCM, and significant (P>0.05) on
the production of milk fat, however it had no effect (P>0.05) on the milk fat
content, duration of lactation and service period and age at calving.
Effects of rearing system and body weight of Redbro broilers on the frequency and severity of footpad dermatitis
Authors: Skrbic Z. , Pavlovski Z. , Lukic M. , Petricevic V.
Published: July 2014

High market demand for high-quality chicken paws, as well as their role in
the assessment of the welfare of broiler chickens are the main reasons for
the research in this area. In order to determine the effects of rearing
system and the body weight of moderate growing broilers on the frequency and
severity of incidence of footpad dermatitis, experimental research was
conducted on a total of 300 Redbro chickens reared in free range and floor
system in the production facility until the age of 84 days. Based on an
individual weighing of broilers and visual evaluation of the incidence and
severity of footpad lesions at the end of the experiment, the frequency of
the individual scores for footpad dermatitis was determined, as well as the
average score in each of the five weight groups. The effect of body weight on
the incidence and severity of footpad dermatitis was not statistically
confirmed, but the absence of the most difficult forms of footpad dermatitis
in broiler group with the lowest body weight was recorded. Rearing broiler
chickens in free range system manifested a positive effect in terms of
increased frequency of broilers without lesions and less frequency of
moderate and severe lesions in relation to rearing system in the production
facility. Also, the effect of rearing system on the frequency of the most
severe degree of dermatitis in broilers Redbro was statistically confirmed.
Fungal contamination and natural occurrence of T-2 toxin in poultry feed
Authors: Krnjaja V. , Pavlovski Z. , Lukic M. , Skrbic Z. , Stojanovic Lj. , Bijelic Z. , Mandic V.
Published: July 2014

In this study, a total of 41 poultry (chicken and laying hens) feed samples
collected from different farms in Serbia in the beginning of 2014 were
investigated for total fungal count, presence of potential toxigenic fungi
and natural occurrence of T-2 toxin. The number of total fungi was determined
using the plate count method whereas T-2 toxin was detected by enzyme-linked
immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method. Relative high percent of investigated
poultry feed samples (43.90%) had the total fungal count 1 - 7 x 102 CFU g-1,
while in 29.27% of the samples that number was 1.4 - 14 x 104 CFU g-1. In
regard to potentially toxigenic fungi, species of Fusarium genus were
isolated in most of poultry feed samples (58.54%), while species from genus
Alternaria were isolated in least of samples (9.76%). The presence of T-2
toxin was detected in 75.61% of the samples, with concentration of 25.07 -
426.08 ?g kg-1 (in average, 55.34 ?g kg-1). The statistical insignificant
negative correlation (r = - 0.05) was obtained between total fungal count and
concentrations of T-2 toxin. In addition, a total fungal count and content of
T-2 toxin in the samples were not above the maximum allowed levels, although
the presence of species from genus Fusarium was found in 58.54% samples.
These results indicated that the sanitary and hygienic conditions during the
production of poultry feed in Serbia have been at satisfactory level.
The effect of addition of organic selenium on pheasant production characteristics
Authors: Obradovic S. , Zivkovic B. , Petrujkic B. , Zivkovic V. , Zivkov-Balos M. , Radulovic M.
Published: July 2014

The effect of organic selenium as feed additive contained in the feed was
investigated, applied in concentrations of 0.3 and 0.4 mg Se/kg mixture on
production characteristics pheasant. The study was conducted on a total of 45
common pheasant individuals Phasianus colchicus, six weeks old, divided into
three equal groups of 15 individuals for 60 days. The control pheasants group
was fed with a standard mixture without addition of selenium during the
experiment, while the mixture of group I contained 0.15 g/kg and pheasants
group II had 0.20 g/kg additives with organic selenium. The results showed
that different amounts of organic selenium presence in pheasants? feed had a
positive effect on analyzed productivity indicators of pheasants? growth
rate, both their final body weight and weight gain (p<0.05). Among examined
groups of pheasant, gained differences in average feed conversion and total
production index were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The best
production results were achieved by individual II group, which also had the
highest selenium content in muscle tissue of the pectoral muscles, drumstick
and thigh (p <0.05).
Composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Achillea collina Becker growing wild in Western Romania
Authors: Jianu Călin , Mişcă Corina , Muntean Simona , Gruia Alexandra
Published: July 2014

The investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial
properties of the essential oil of Achillea collina Becker growing wild in
western Romania was the aim of this study. The chemical composition of the
essential oil was evaluated by GC-MS. The major compounds identified were
chamazulene (38.89%), germacrene D (12.90%), beta-caryophyllene (11.52%) and
beta-pinene (10.66%). The antimicrobial activity was assessed by the
diffusimetric method against seven common food-related bacteria. No effects
were observed against Clostridium perfringens and Streptococcus pyogenes.
The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH test, the essential
oil (IC50 = 25.03 ? 0.12 ?g/ml) demonstrated a stronger scavenging effect
than BHA and lower than that of ascorbic acid and propyl gallate. The
results reveal strong antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the
essential oil tested and contribute to future research to find new sources
of natural antiseptics and antioxidants: a viable and safe alternative to
reduce the use of synthetic additives.
A comparative study of measured amplitude and phase perturbations of VLF and LF radio signals induced by solar flares
Authors: Sulic D.M. , Sreckovic V.A.
Published: July 2014

Very Low Frequency (VLF) and Low Frequency (LF) signal perturbations were
examined to study ionospheric disturbances induced by solar X-ray flares in
order to understand processes involved in propagation of VLF/LF radio signals
over short paths and to estimate specific characteristics of each short path.
The receiver at the Belgrade station is constantly monitoring the amplitude
and phase of a coherent and subionospherically propagating LF signal operated
in Sicily NSC at 45.90 kHz, and a VLF signal operated in Isola di Tavolara
ICV at 20.27 kHz, with the great circle distances of 953 km and 976 km,
respectively. A significant number of similarities between these short paths
is a direct result of both transmitters and the receiver?s geographic
location. The main difference is in transmitter frequencies. From July 2008
to February 2014 there were about 200 events that were chosen for further
examination. All selected examples showed that the amplitude and phase of VLF
and LF signals were perturbed by solar X-ray flares occurrence. This six-year
period covers both minimum and maximum of solar activity. Simultaneous
measurement of amplitude and phase of the VLF/LF signals during a solar flare
occurrence was applied to evaluate the electron density profile versus
altitude, to carry out the function of time over the middle Europe.