bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korok és Kórok kiállítás 2019-2020
Authors: Scheffer Krisztina , Szvák Enikő , Győry Hedvig
Published: July 2021

The HNM Semmelweis Museum of Medical History's exhibition „Diseases for the Ages, What the Deceased Tell Us”, is displaying the anthropological collection of the Museum which never was presented earlier, and the mummy-research made in the framework of the Nephthys Project, with some additional material from the Hungarian Natural History Museum and the Hopp Ferenc Asian Art Museum. Visitors can learn about the appearance of known and little-known diseases visible on archaeological human remains and gain insight into the know-how and the results of the mummy research. The exhibition is accompanied by a museum educational program and a series of lectures.
Development of public financing initiatives in pharmaceutical R&D – is it the key to the future of medicine?
Authors: Ádám Ildikó , Kaló Zoltán
Published: July 2021

The pharmaceutical research and development process only begin if the drug holds the promise of being profitable. In the past pharmaceutical companies aimed to find solutions for common diseases with high prevalence. Meanwhile, the unmet medical need did not decrease in several therapeutic areas. Public policymakers had to encourage pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development in areas with high unmet medical needs. Several public measures (including financing initiatives) were introduced. In this paper, we focus on the public research and development and regulatory incentives to accelerate investment. In the past decades, there has been a considerable increase in public funding in the European Union, which diverted the attention of innovators to areas with public priorities. Still, there are areas where public funding alone could not lead to a prompt solution.
EU az egészségügyért: az Európai Unió 4. Egészségügyi Cselekvési Programja
Authors: Szitáné Kazai Ágnes
Published: July 2021

The European Commission proposed a new, ambitious health programme 2021-2027 in May 2020. The main aim of this EU4Health programme is to provide a significant contribution to the post-COVID-19 recovery by making the EU population healthier, strengthening the resilience of health systems, and promoting innovation in the health sector. The general objectives of the programme are to protect people in the Union from serious cross-border threats to health; to improve the availability in the Union of medicines, medical devices and other crisis relevant products, contribute to their affordability, and support innovation; to strengthen health systems and the healthcare workforce, including digital transformation and increasingly integrated and coordinated cooperation among the Member States, sustained implementation of best practices and data sharing, to increase the average level of public health.
In memoriam PD Dr. Dr. h.c. Iván Kiss (1945-2017)
Authors: Makoviczky József
Published: July 2021

Iván Kiss was born in the South-Hungarian town Pécs in 1945. He studied at the University Medical School, Pécs between 1963-1969. After a specialisation in pathology, he qualified also in anesthesiology at the Postgraduate Medical Institute, Budapest. After leaving Hungary in 1977 he gained a position at the University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany, soon appointed as head of the anesthesiology unit. In 1987 he attained the “Doctor Medicinae Habilitatus” degree upon his thesis on cancer pain. Later this work was partly published in “Pain, 29: 195-207 1997” the leading journal of the subject with the title “The McGill Pain Questionnaire - German version. A study on cancer pain”. In 1989 he moved to Essen for holding the job of the chief anesthesiologist at the Krupp-Clinic. By that time, he was acknowledged as an internationally recognized expert in anaesthesiology and pain therapy. His expertise was honoured by the „Doctor honoris causa” title at the Semmelweis University, Budapest in 1999. Dr. med. habil. Iván Kiss died on November 29, 2017. In his person, we lost a colleague and friend, a devoted teacher and researcher, and a committed clinician. We keep him in our memories as a real Paragon of the medical vocation.
Illustrating the Smallpox Vaccine in Hungary 1798-1850
Authors: Krizbai Réka
Published: July 2021

This dissertation explores the images in the three treatises on the smallpox vaccine, which were illustrated between 1798 and 1850 in Hungary, which are János Stand’s, Sámuel Váradi’s and Mihály Kováts’s publications. It looks at the background of their authors and the production of their images, as well as the quality of the illustrations. As all three treatises have one illustration and they all follow the same visual strategy, the dissertation also seeks to describe and identify the scopes of such images, and to define their role in the implementation of the practice of vaccination in the wider public. Furthermore, the wider context of the images is also outlined, which aims at demonstrating what the illustrations can tell about contemporary medical culture and publishing in Hungary, the cultural dominance of Vienna within the Empire, and the transmission of knowledge, images, and cowpox matter in Europe and the Habsburg territories.
Krónikus vesebetegség múltja, jelene és jövőbeli lehetőségei a multidiszciplináris gyógyítás fényében
Authors: Mátyás Eszter
Published: July 2021

Since the early treatment of kidney diseases, there have been significant achievements in medical technology. In the middle of the last century, serious ethical considerations surrounded the selection of patients suitable for dialysis, however, all patients who need it today can receive dialysis in all developed countries. Focusing on biological factors, psychosocial support for patients has been relegated in modern medicine. End-stage renal diseases lead to crisis situations, various treatments of kidney replacements contribute to a significant mental burden with a serious impact on the patients’ social activities. Due to the simple and tangible features of the peer support mediating knowledge, behavioural patterns and societal values - albeit informally - it was always present with its evidence-based positive effects. Nevertheless, until recently, only a few programs have been developed with a focus on peer support.
A középkori arab orvoslás alapjai: A vérrendszerek Avicenna leírásában a Kánon első könyvéből egy részlet fordításával
Authors: Kutasi Zsuzsanna
Published: July 2021

Based on the knowledge of ancient Greek philosophers, medieval Arabic theoretical anatomy describes the organs, their roles and function as well as their mutual relationships on a philosophical basis wherever there are organs with higher and subordinate roles. According to Ibn Sīnā Abū ‘Alī al-Ḥusayn b. ‘Alī (Avicenna) (370-428 AH or 980-1037 AD), everything in nature is connected with everything else, and the main operator of the body is the immortal divine soul (rūḥ). While breathing, a part of the divine soul enters the lungs, and then the heart as its mixture with blood where 'pneuma' is formed, which spreads out along the arteries throughout the body. The soul part of the inhaled air (al-hawāʼ) regulates the heat of the heart and nourishes it. According to Ibn Sīna, the heart has three cavities: one on the right side, one on the left side, and the third in the middle, which serves as a kind of blood store. The liver governs the right side, the spleen governs the left one. The heart is located in the middle of the chest maintaining a kind of balance between the two vascular systems. The left side has been exalted by the fact that the divine soul comes from the air to the left side of the heart, and from here it floods the whole body through the arteries. The right side of the body is dedicated to bodily functions like turning food into blood, nourishing the organs, and removing the excess. The right half of the body is operated by the left half through nerves originating from the brain. In the brain, the two sides merge. The source of the veins in the liver, while the arteries originate from the heart. As part of a close reading of the text, I created a diagram of branches of the blood vessels to facilitate their identification. In many passages of the anatomical description, we only learn that the vessel in question branches in three, four or five directions and travels in a certain direction or towards certain parts of the body. There is always a branch among them, indeed the largest one, and by connecting these largest branches, we get the full path of a given blood vessel from the beginning to the end. Such as the route v. cava superior from the right ventricle (branches in two directions) - v. brachiocephalica (branches to five) - v. subclavia (branches towards 4) - v. axillaris (branches towards 3) - v. basilica (2 branches branch to 4 at the forearm) - v. mediana cubiti (branches towards 2) - v. salvatella from the heart to fingers. In some cases, erroneous conclusions can be identified in Ibn Sīna's description wherever he connects blood vessels with different origins. Sometimes Ibn Sīna begins to describe a route of a blood vessel and then continues to describe another blood vessel as if it were a continuation of the previous one. Alternatively, he also assigns branches belonging to one blood vessel to branches belonging to another one, such as the v. jugularis interna in the description of branches of the v. jugularis externa.
From the History of the State Regulation of Public Relations in the Forest Sector in the Irkutsk Province at the Turn of the 19th-20th Centuries
Authors: Kuryshova Irina
Published: July 2021

Based on the analysis of the content and application of the law of the Russian Empire of the second half of the XIX — early XX centuries, regulating public relations in the forest sphere, the operating features of one of the most important institutions of nature management in the Irkutsk province, such as legal responsibility for violations of forest legislation, are considered. The foundation of this institution is an important manifestation of the formation of the environmental law system in the region. The conclusion about the general positive results of the spread of the all-Russian legislation to the territory of the Baikal region during this period is made. The regional features of the institution of legal responsibility for violations in the field of forest law are stated with the priority of its compensatory and regulatory functions. The increasing role of forestry departments as structures that carry out prosecution (in comparison with the judicial system), as well as the practice of administrative procedure for resolving cases of violations and imposing monetary penalties on violators, is emphasized.
Theoretical Analysis of Foreign Cognitive Personality Theories
Authors: Ranjan Ravi
Published: July 2021

The article provides a theoretical analysis of cognitive personality theories and describes how to apply the modern cognitive theory of personality. Cognitive personality theories have made important contributions to psychology by explaining complex human interactions and situations. The studies revealed the powerful role of attributive belief systems and delineated many cognitive aspects that are critical to understanding individual differences. Cognitive personality theories focus on the processes of encoding and extracting information as well as on the role of expectations, motivations, goals, and beliefs in the development of stable personality characteristics. The works of foreign researchers mentioned in the article have become the basis of the modern cognitive personality theory, which is widely applied in psychological counseling.
Providing an Integrated Package of Banking Services for Small and Medium-Sized Businesses
Authors: Tatarinova Larisa , Yashchenko Tatyana
Published: July 2021

By carrying out banking operations on the market, commercial banks in the Russian Federation contribute to ensuring the stability and independence of the national economy, so servicing small and medium-sized businesses as a branch of the banking activity should ensure the effective functioning of small and medium-sized businesses by meeting their needs for the borrowed funds and carrying out estimations. Commercial banks deal with the task of expanding the range of banking products and services for small and medium-sized businesses, taking into account the specifics of their activities. The analysis of these activities of small and medium-sized enterprises on the territory of the Russian Federation for the period from 2016 to 2020 allowed us to identify the problems of this market segment. The article summarizes the experience of servicing such kind of businesses by commercial banks and justifies the need to provide an integrated package of banking services for small and medium-sized businesses. The advantages of this package of services are highlighted both for a bank itself and for an enterprise. An example of all-in-one banking is offered, and organizations that perform construction, installation and repair work and belong to the small and medium-sized business segment were selected as the target audience.
Financing of Medical Care in Russia: Sources and Problems of Their Evaluation
Authors: Faiberg Tatyana , Scherbakova Irina
Published: July 2021

To form an effective mechanism for financial support of health care in Russia, it is necessary to introduce into scientific and practical activities clearly-defined concepts that characterize medical services and sources of their financing. The analysis of the definitions such as «medical care» and «medical services» described in this article showed a lack of orderliness in basic terminology, as well as the possibility of replacing these concepts in practice.
The article discusses the types of medical services in relation to the Program of state guarantees for providing citizens with free medical care. The sources of financial support for medical services in Russia are systematized and their features are highlighted. The research of the problems of financing health-care expenditures from various sources made it possible to suggest the main criteria for sharing these expenditures among the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation. The volume of budget financing of healthcare in Russia, compulsory and voluntary health insurance, and paid services in the healthcare sector are evaluated in the article, and also, the problems of estimating the volume of medical care in total from all sources, including the income of private medical organizations are identified.
Analysis of the Russian Translation of the “Shijing” Song “Longing for the Husband”
Authors: Xiao-bing Zhao
Published: July 2021

Translating into Russian and studying “Shijing” (“The Book of Poetry”) is a significant milestone in Russian-Chinese literature exchange which was initiated in the 19th century when Wang Xili school was founded. In the USSR, V. Alexeev school was established, in which one of the most famous translators was A. Shtukin. His Russian translation of “Shijing” is considered the first and the most complete one. The object of research in this article is Russian translation of the song in “Wang kingdom's songs” “Longing for the Husband”| by A. Shtukin. “Longing for the Husband” is the brightest folk song in “Gofen” (“Characters of Kingdoms”) in Shijing. In this article, the analysis of the graceful and most poetic translation of “Longing for the Husband” by A. Shchukin is carried out by commenting the poem, analyzing the translation of the original into modern Chinese by Cheng Junying and Jiang Jianyuan and comparing Russian and English translation. The author attempted to make a secondary improved translation of the original poem on the basis of A. Shtukin’s translation preserving the original rhythm and rhyme wherever possible. The secondary translation is closer to the original poem, it preserves and delivers the genuine resplendence of the poem. It also preserves A. Shtukin’s amphibrach and his individual style which has a lot of tune and distinguished style of classical Russian poetry. The author only introduces some lexical adjustments due to which it will be easier for a Russian reader to understand the poem.
Middle Income Trap: The Ignored Role of Women
Authors: ARDA ÖZALP Leyla Firuze
Published: July 2021

This paper estimates the links between the middle-income trap and women’s employment with the dataset of 27 middle-income countries for 22 years. In line with the study’s prime objective, a panel logit regression model is used. The findings based on the conditional fixed-effects logistic regression show that the possibility of a middle-income country being a high-income economy is significantly associated with women’s employment rate, productivity, innovation, and institution. The results also show that female employment is an argument of escape strategy that has more impact than other variables.
The Effects of Economic Recessions on Divorce Rates: A Research on Turkey
Authors: KOÇ Pınar , KUTLAR Aziz
Published: July 2021

This study analyses the relationship between short- and long-term relationships between divorce rates and economic recession in Turkey. The asymmetric and time-varying asymmetric causality tests are used to analyse the short-term relationship, the Maki cointegration test is used to analyse the long-term relationship. The dependent variable of the model is the divorce rate. Labour force participation rate of women, unemployment rate, GDP per capita, legal regulations, and economic crises are independent variables. According to the estimation results, unemployment, national income, legal regulations, and economic crises positively affect divorce rates. The time-varying asymmetric causality test results also indicate a temporary causality relationship between positive income and unemployment shocks.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Gender-Specific Life Expectancy in Turkey: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: ŞENTÜRK İsmail , ALİ Amjad
Published: July 2021

This paper analyses the socioeconomic determinants of Turkey’s aggregate and gender-specific life expectancies from 1971 to 2017. The stationarity of data is checked with ADF, PP, and DFGLS unit root tests, while structural breaks are determined with the help of Zivot and Andrews (2002) unit root test. Also, ARDL bound test is conducted to identify co-integration. The estimated results show that the overall level of education, purchasing power, and economic development have a significant role in deciding the average life expectancy among the Turkish population at the aggregate, while population growth and environmental degradation are found to be insignificant. Gender-wise, estimation results show that environmental degradation, purchasing power, and level of male education contribute significantly to the life expectancy of males in Turkey, while economic development and the share of the male population are found to have insignificant effects. Moreover, environmental degradation, female education, fertility rates, and the female population significantly affect females' life expectancy, while purchasing power plays a statistically insignificant role. Overall, the results suggest that Turkey's government should implement policies to increase educational attainment, stabilize purchasing power, and maintain sustainable development with controlled fertility rates for higher-level life expectancy.
Islamic Development Index
Authors: KANBİR Özgür , DİKKAYA Mehmet
Published: July 2021

This study discusses the relation of Islam with economic development. Based on Islamic values, the study aims to create an alternative international economic development index. The variables used were chosen as proxy variables representing the principles and values derived from the Quran and Sunnah, the two primary sources of Islam. The data were obtained from international databases and were statistically standardized. The index was prepared over two main categories, material and spiritual development, and a composite index called the Islamic Development Index (IDI) was obtained by taking the averages of both. The international ranking covers 148 countries for which data could be obtained for 2018. In the research, the level of development is measured over the universal values and principles provided by the Islamic belief. The study does not have a purpose or pursuit of which country/society is Muslim and by how much. This paper has not been discussed with creed, religious rituals, and belief practices of societies and individuals. The research revealed a significant gap between theory and practice. Islamic belief is theoretically a critical resource for economic development. However, in practice, Islamic countries cannot benefit from this resource sufficiently. According to the results obtained, the Islamic development ranking of Islamic countries is lower than non-Islamic states in both material and spiritual development.
İhracat Sürecindeki Profesyonel Ekiplerin, İhracat Yapan Firmaların Yaşadıkları Sorunlarla İlişkisi Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma
Authors: ARSLANDERE Murat
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada ihracat yapan işletmelerin ihracat sorunları algısının firmada ihracatla uğraşan profesyonel bir ekibin bulunmasına göre farklılaşma durumunu göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla işletmeler; ihracat departmanı olmayan üretici ihracatçılar, ihracat departmanı olan üretici ihracatçılar ve yerel aracı ihracatçılar olarak üç farklı gruba göre değerlendirilmiş ve analizler bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca ihracat oranı ve ihracat yapma yılının ihracat sorunlarına etkisi incelenmiş ve sonuçta işletmede ihracatla ilgilenen profesyonel bir ekibin bulunmasının, ihracat sorunları algısında ve bu algıya ihracat oranı ve ihracat yapma yılının etkisinde büyük farklılık oluşturduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Yükselen Ekonomilerde Enerji Etkinliğini Talep Yanlı Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: NAIMOGLU Mustafa , AKAL Mustafa
Published: July 2021

Yükselen Ekonomiler için en önemli enerji kaynağı ya yenilenebilir enerji ya da enerjinin tasarruflu, verimli ve etkin kullanılmasıdır. Bu çalışma da 23 Yükselen Ekonomi için 1990-2018 döneminde enerji etkinliğini açıklayıcı talep yanlı faktörler araştırılmıştır. Model tahmini için Ortak İlişkili Etkiler Ortalama Grup (CCEMG) ile Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup (AMG) panel tahmincileri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular genel olarak endüstriyel ve hizmetler üretimi, ithalat, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımı, sabit sermaye yatırımı, dış açıklık oranı, ihracat ve ithalat artışları enerji etkinliğini olumlu etkilerken nüfus, karbondioksit emisyonu, petrol ve kömür fiyat artışları ise olumsuz etkilemektedir. Yükselen Ekonomiler ‘de rekabetçi üretim ve dış ticaret artışlarının enerji etkinliğini artırdığı bulunmuştur.
Protein extraction of zebrafish and fathead minnow embryos v1
Authors: Langan Laura
Published: July 2021

This protocol describes an optimized protein extraction method for proteomic analyses for zebrafish and fathead minnow embryo's aged ~96 hpf/dpf (species dependent), and wouldn't have been possible without the following papers References: Masuda, T., Tomita, M., Ishihama, Y., 2008. Phase Transfer Surfactant-Aided Trypsin Digestion for Membrane Proteome Analysis. J. Proteome Res. 7, 731–740. https://doi.org/10.1021/pr700658q Lin Y, Lin H, Liu Z, Wang K, Yan Y. Improvement of a sample preparation method assisted by sodium deoxycholate for mass-spectrometry-based shotgun membrane proteomics. J Sep Sci. 2014; 37(22): 3321-9. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201400569 Rappsilber, J., Ishihama, Y., Mann, M., 2003. Stop And Go Extraction tips for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, nanoelectrospray, and LC/MS sample pretreatment in proteomics. Anal. Chem. 75, 663–670. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac026117i Wiśniewski, J.R., 2016. Quantitative Evaluation of Filter Aided Sample Preparation (FASP) and Multienzyme Digestion FASP Protocols. Analytical Chemistry 88, 5438–5443. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00859 Wiśniewski, J.R., Zougman, A., Nagaraj, N., Mann, M., 2009. Universal sample preparation method for proteome analysis. Nat. Methods 6, 359–362. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1322
Диалоговое обучение в школе: проблемы и суждения.(Диалоговое обучение в формировании речевой компетенции учащихся 5-9 классов)/
Authors: Кузнецова А.Н.
Published: July 2021

Данное учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для учителей предметников, учителей русского языка и литературы, классных руководителей, работников внешкольных учреждений, которые ставят цель – обучить диалоговой речи учащихся, исключая всякого рода слова-паразиты, сленг и жаргонные выражения. Автор предлагает использовать в соответствии с этапами изучения новой темы на уроке определенную последовательность различных стратегий, позволяющую более эффективно организовать процесс смыслообразования. Автор пособия надеется на успешный результат по формированию речевой компетенции, грамотного вербального общения учащихся.
Digital Teaching, Inclusion and Students’ Needs: Student Perspectives on Participation and Access in Higher Education
Authors: Wilkens Leevke , Haage Anne , Lüttmann Finnja , Bühler Christian R.
Published: July 2021

In this article we discuss the contribution of digitalisation for equal participation in higher education. Its potential is often postulated, but accessibility is seldom examined in this context. Despite the challenges and difficulties created in the summer term of 2020, this semester has provided a great opportunity to collect data on digital teaching, as face‐to‐face teaching needed to be transformed into digital teaching. Based on two surveys conducted in the summer of 2020, current practices and students’ needs regarding accessibility are outlined. Despite the circumstances, it can be derived from the surveys that digital teaching generally provides a variety of advantages for students with disabilities, although some tools and platforms remain not fully accessible to them. Additionally, the results indicate that not only students with sensory impairments benefit from the principles of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (2018). In particular, the principles ‘operable’ and ‘understandable’ are beneficial for students with mental health difficulties. Regarding the assessment of accessibility features, the study shows that the perception of students with and without impairments is very similar.
Application of Two Techniques Used for Measuring the Soil Strength : A Review
Authors: Salman Nihal Dawood , Kiss Péter
Published: July 2021

This paper reviews the application of two techniques are used for the measurement of soil strength. The two techniques (cone penetrometer and bevameter) enable measurements to be made in situ. However, the penetrometer is the only equipment that can evaluate soil resistance variation with depth. Neither the cone index nor the gradient that belongs to it concerning the depth is uniquely associated with density or soil cohesion but varies with structural state and moisture content. Moreover, the formation of compaction zones and soil bodies ahead of the cone efficiently alters its geometry, thus the penetration no longer reveals the original characteristics of the soil. Furthermore, the bevameter technique only identifies surface soil properties. Nonetheless, among all the presently available techniques, the bevameter gives the closest imitation of vehicle-terrain interaction.
A Recent Machine Learning Techniques for Failure Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearing
Authors: Albdery Mohsin Hassan , Szabó István
Published: July 2021

Rolling element bearings are critical components of rotating machines, and fault in the bearing can cause the machine to fail. Bearing failure is one of the leading causes of failure in various rotating machines used in industry at high and low speeds. Fault diagnosis of various rotating equipment plays a significant role in industries as it guarantees safety, reliability and prevents breakdown and loss of any source of energy. Early identification is an essential element in the diagnosis of defects that saves time and expenses and avoids dangerous conditions. Investigations are being carried out for intelligent fault diagnosis using machine learning approaches. This article gives a short overview of recent trends in the use of machine learning for fault detection. Finally, Deep Learning techniques were recently developed to monitor the health of the intelligent machine are discussed.
ANTI-BOLSHEVIKS UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN FAGARAS FORTRESS-ROMANIA (1920-1923)
Authors: Bajenaru C.
Published: July 2021

Fagaras Fortress had over the centuries of its existence, a special importance in Romanian history, knowing both moments of glory and decay. It is known the fact that it has been successively a strong defensive fortress, residence for Transylvania's Princes, military garrison and communist prison. Nevertheless, it is less known or is not at all known another aspect, the one that the fortress had in some moments after 1918 the function of shelter and refuge for foreign military and civilians, how it was the case of hundreds of Ukrainians afflicting wanderers, fled from the front of Bolshevik steamroller. Regarding the last of these aspects we will talk in the next pages, trying to shape this moment from the century-old existence of the fortress as coherent and consistent as possible, even if the archivist sources or the information from the local press of that period are minimal.
The main trends in the formation of the Great Britain’s foreign policy after Brexit
Authors: Orlyk Viktoriia
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the peculiarities of forming the new trends in the British foreign policy, due to the results of the referendum on Brexit and the country’s withdrawal from the European Union. Formation of the strategic priorities for the UK foreign policy course is becoming one of the most important tasks for the political, diplomatic and expert circles. The refusal to develop a common foreign policy of the EU as a result of Brexit, sets the essential challenge for Britain: to maintain existing influence and allied relations with continental European states (primarily, due to the strengthening of bilateral relations and the preservation of the Euro-Atlantic alliance), and at the same time to establish itself as an independent center of influence, not limited to the collective will of the EU.
The main provisions of the “Global Britain” concept, presented in 2016 as the doctrinal basis of the foreign policy dimension of Brexit, are analyzed. The most significant of them are the next: the promotion of the UK`s economic and security interests around the world as the basis of foreign and security policy; alliance with the United States as a major foreign policy and security priority; rethinking the partnership with the EU and giving it a new depth in the name of protecting the international order and common values; the development of cooperation within the Commonwealth to strengthen Britain’s international presence and global influence. The author identifies the key foreign policy positions of London, which are not reflected in the concept presently, but will be of key importance for the European and global securities in the short and medium terms. The positions of leading regional and world players are analyzed, the risks of aggravation of relations with Russia and China are assessed.
It is summarized that because of the new global threats and risks (first of all COVID-19 pandemic and its global impact and economic consequences) the “Global Britain” concept is still in its forming.
Consept of resilience in the policy of European Union
Authors: Perga Tetiana
Published: July 2021

The article addresses the concept of resilience, which has been extensively developed in recent decades both in the scientific and public discourse of the European Union and in its practical application. It was concluded that this was caused by threats and challenges such as the financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009, climate change, the increase in numerous natural disasters, the pandemic od coronavirus COVID-19, which has demonstrated the EU’s growing vulnerability. Understanding of resilience by the European Union reflected in European Commission documents has been revealed. The main directions of implementation the concept of sustainability into European Union policies have been analyzed, including: foreign and domestic policies, financial and economic sustainability, assistance to countries vulnerable to various shocks, combating climate change. It has been found that the EU recognizes that the challenge of COVID-19 cannot be prevented, and therefore it seeks to increase the resilience not only of the entire Union, but also of member states. It has been suggested that building resilience is gradually becoming a new way to ad ance the European Union’s value agenda, both in the European Community and in the international arena. European resilience discourse has been analyzed. The main trends of its development before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic have been demonstrated. It is noted that the spread of coronavirus has had a significant impact on public debate in the EU. In particular, there has been a shift in focus and emphasis on the internal transformations induced by the pandemic and the increasing resilience of health systems, as well as on such actual threats as misinformation and cyberterrorism. It has been established that an important issue that remains open is the identification of the most effective resources that will contribute to better addressing and building resilience to existing and new challenges (coronavirus, climate change) as well as new one.
Peculiarities of the process of integration of the republic of Albania to the European Union
Authors: Skripnik Olena
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the article is to explore the process of joining Albania to the European Union in the mainstream of the lands of the Western Balkans became members of the united Europe. The preconditions and development of the process of formation of European integration in the Republic of Albania analyzed. Is undertaken an attempt at the analysis of the real possibilities of Albania to be taken in the European Union and the interest of this integrated association to maintain double-sided cooperation with Albania, in spite of the absence of necessary economic, political and other bases for its adoption in the European Union. Special attention is given to the domestic and foreign policy developments in the Republic of Albania, which directly influenced Albania’s cooperation with the European Union before and after the beginning of the active euro-integration dialogue. Special emphasis made on an overview of the most important issues and problematic moments on determining the start of the EU accession negotiation process with Albania. The methodology of the research based on the principles of systemicity, authenticity, historicism, logics. General scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-system) methods have been used. The scientific novelty is that for the first time the European integration of Albania studied separately from other countries of the Western Balkans. The studies concluded that Albania’s desire to join the European Union linked to its desire to stabilize the country, modernize the domestic political system, improve the economic situation, facilitate the solution of social problems, participate in the mechanism of redistribution of financial resources, to enhance its political status by taking advantage of the benefits of membership in this organization. As for the EU’s position, official Brussels is pursuing a rather restrained and balanced policy of expanding its borders.
Historical memory and historical science: European and Ukrainian discourses
Authors: Kotlyar Yuriy
Published: July 2021

The current paper is aimed at exploring the level of theoretical understanding of the historical memory concept. The researcher considers the phenomenon of historical memory in the historical-scientific context, including studies of leading European (Р. Nora, P. Ricoeur, J. Rüsen, M. Halbwachs) and Ukrainian scientists (P. Verbytska, Ya. Hrytsak, Ya. Dashkevych, L. Zashkilniak, H. Kasianov, A. Kyrydon, L. Nahorna, M. Riabchuk, N. Yakovenko).
The problem of historical memory has a wide field of interest in the modern scientific literature. Not only historians and political scientists, but also philosophers, sociologists, culturologists, linguists join the study of such a complex phenomenon. The paper explores the phenomenon of historical memory, its role and place in the system of social values. The culture of historical memory, mechanisms of functioning and interrelation of historical memory and national / regional identity are analyzed by using European experience to understand the connection between the past, present and future.
The comprehension of historical memory takes place within different sciences and, depending on it, acquires a characteristic theoretical coloring. In the context of historical research, there is a clear understanding of the order that exists between the past, present and future. Moreover, historical memory not only establishes a causal connection from the past to the future through the present, but also influences the evaluative characteristics of the past and the retrospective vision of our present. Historical memory is «genetically» programmed for evaluation. It is characterized not only by recollection and reproduction, but also by a kind of reflex of perception or non-perception, approval or condemnation. Therefore, every historical fact becomes the object of meticulous analysis. Historical memory is not history, but a form of representation of the past that historians explore.
Periodic discharges with triphasic morphology: a differential diagnosis and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Kan’shina D. S. , Okuneva I. V. , Vakhlyaev A. V. , Bronov O. Yu.
Published: July 2021

The article presents two clinical cases of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with periodic discharges. Examination according to the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) protocol with the use of electroencephalography and functional probes allows differential diagnosis of periodic discharges, which makes it possible to conduct early pathophysiological treatment, to assess its effectiveness in dynamics and to avoid unjustified prescription of antiepileptic drugs. At the same time, the prognosis of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment are largely determined by the etiology of the disease. Evaluation of periodic discharges of three-phase morphology in ICU, considering its nosological nonspecificity, is rational to carry out according to the ACNS recommendations, indicating the ictal genesis, background activity, response to antiepileptic drugs.
INTRODUCTION by Co-editors and Contributors of the Special Section Elena Chebankova and Piotr Dutkiewicz
Authors: Chebankova Elena , Dutkiewicz Petr
Published: July 2021

The collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of the twentieth century ended the pre-existing bipolar Cold War system and resulted in a unipolar moment in which the United States enjoyed a position of almost unchallenged global and civilizational leadership [Krauthammer 1991; Waltz 1993; Wohlforth 1999]. However, despite the initial elation of some Western politicians and analysts [Fukuyama 1992; Brooks, Wohlforth 2008; Kagan 2008], who hoped to see the triumph of the Western idea universally, this situation was relatively short-lived. Global dialogue soon moved beyond this moment of unipolarity toward its more conventional form, in which states struggle for power and influence and search for areas of mutually beneficial co-operation. At the beginning of the third decade of the twenty-first century, we see a qualitatively different world. There have been profound political changes since the post-Cold War unipolarity. In this world, the idea of civilization has become a virtual currency of international relations and global dialogue. Many analysts [Coker 2019; Acharya 2020; Stuenkel 2016; Higgott 2019] discuss the rise of civilizations in world affairs as the new sociopolitical reality. Countries such as Russia, China, India, Turkey, and Brazil are often considered civilizational states – challengers to the West. Historically, philosophers have oscillated between the idea of multiple civilizations, with the West being one civilization of many (Spengler, Huntington, Danilevsky), and a single and universal Western civilization (Hayek, Kant). The former approach became a cardinal frame of reference of the global discourse during the past decade.
Ideology and Civilizational Discourse
Authors: Chebankova Elena , Dutkiewicz Petr
Published: July 2021

The current world order is undergoing a profound change in its structure, in the composition of the leading participants, and in the socio-cultural discourse that buttresses the political evolution of international relations. Two factors are essential to understand this process. First, several new states, or groups of states, entered the league of the leading world powers and began to exert a significant influence over global politics. Analysts often consider these players as civilizations, in that many such states aspire to proposing an alternative spiritual, cultural, political, and even economic developmental model. Second, the West and its followers began to experience a significant civilizational transformation at the socio-political and socio-cultural levels, placing such countries at a crossroad that could determine their existential future. Contextual transformations of this magnitude must always deploy ideology to legitimize ongoing political change, because ideology can question the prevailing conventions of the age to reflect fundamental shifts in society. From this point of view, the arrival of civilizations in the contemporary narrative of international relations invariably involves ideological doctrines that legitimize this process. This paper examines the emergent ideology of civilizational discourse, focusing on its central tenets, and discusses the political shifts that such an ideology seeks to justify.
Comparative study of type 1 tympanoplasty with and without gel-foam in the middle ear
Authors: Kiran G. Abhinav , Rao Y. Prabhakara , Priyanka B. Shanthi , . Supreety
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a widespread disease for which tympanoplasty is frequently undertaken. Gel-foam may cause adhesions and fibrosis and improper packing may physically alter the structure of the tympanic membrane leading to failure of tympanoplasty. The graft can be placed without any middle ear supporting agent wherein the graft is held in position by the surface tension between the novel graft placed and the remnant tympanic membrane. The objectives of this study were to assess the graft uptake and hearing improvement following type 1 tympanoplasty with gel-foam in the middle ear and without gel-foam in the middle ear and to compare and assess results.

Methods: This was a randomized control trial done for a period of one year conducted in the department of ENT, at a tertiary referral hospital. 40 patients with dry perforation underwent type 1 tympanoplasty without gel-foam in the middle ear and 40 patients with dry perforation underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with gel-foam in the middle ear. Post-operative follow-up was done to look for graft uptake. Hearing assessment by pure tone audiometry was done 90 days post-operatively.  

Results: Graft uptake was 82.5% in type 1 tympanoplasty without gel-foam in the middle ear and 85% with gel-foam in the middle ear. Both types of surgeries had significant hearing improvement.

Conclusions: Graft uptake is equally good in cases with gel-foam and without gel-foam. Hearing gain is comparable in both groups of patients.
Silver diamine fluoride - Magic alternative in caries management: A review
Authors: Anand Pallavi , Jhingan Pulkit , Malik Manvi , Mathur Shivani , Sachdev Vinod
Published: July 2021

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a clear and odorless liquid used for dentinal hypersensitivity and arresting caries unless there’s no pulpal involvement for all age groups across all countries. Discoveries let us change old paradigms with the new ones. SDF being cleared for commercial use now can help in achieving the all-time goal of caries prevention. Various studies have established that options like potassium iodide and different restorations can help mask the staining problem of SDF. This can restore form and function as well for the teeth. With the unimaginable COVID 19 situation, dentistry has realized the importance of minimally invasive interventions than ever before. SDF is a blessing in such challenging times and it may be the magical alternative to caries management in the future.
Escape the Traffic Congestion Using Brainstorming Optimization Algorithm and Density Peak Clustering
Authors: Devarakonda Nagaraju , Kavitha Dasari , Kamarajugadda Raviteja
Published: July 2021

In recent days many people are working on twitter data as the tweets are easily available and also provide reliable data. Collecting and processing these tweets produces promising and accurate results in solving many real world problems. Common problem faced by most of the people is traffic congestion. Traffic congestion results in traffic jams, mental and physical health disturbance. So to avoid this, our paper tried to show the methodology which can bring out promising results. In this paper for processing the tweet data we have used the common approach of Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and discussed the application of brainstorming optimization algorithm (BSO) to avoid traffic congestion. We have also introduced the density peak clustering (DPC) to train the brain storming optimization technique. This paper has shown the modified BSO and DPC on the tweets to bring out the results which show traffic conditions at various places. We have justified our work by conducting the experiment.
Semantic Web Mining for Analyzing Retail Environment Using Word2Vec and CNN-FK
Authors: Yechuri Praveen Kumar , Ramadass Suguna
Published: July 2021

Digital Technology is becoming increasingly essential to organizations. Related knowledge is important for a company to allow optimal use of its IT services. The use of Big Data is relatively new to this field. Handling Big data is not, at this stage, a problem for large business organizations in particular; it has also become a challenge for small and medium-sized businesses. Although Semantic Web analysis is largely focused on fundamental advances that are expected to make the Semantic Web a reality, there has not been much work done to demonstrate the feasibility and effect of the Semantic Web on business issues. The infrastructure of electronic information executives and business types has provided various enhancements for companies, such as the automated process of buying and selling products. Nevertheless, undertakings are checked for the multifaceted nature of the extension required to deal with an ever-increasing number of electronic details and procedures. This paper suggests a model with a neural network design and a word representation system named Word2Vec for analyzing retail environment. Firstly, Word2vec manages the text data and shows it as a function diagram and a feature map is given to the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) that extracts the features and classifies them. The IMDB dataset, the Cornell dataset, the Amazon Products Dataset and the Twitter dataset were analyzed in the proposed model. The proposed Convolution Neural Network Fisher Kernel (CNN-FK) model is compared with the existing SVM model for analyzing retail environment in semantic web mining. The new approach has increased efficiency when compared to existing models.