bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STITCHING OF BULLETINS
Authors: FOSKETT D.J.
Published: February 2008

A number of information services produce bulletins of abstracts and similar material by typing a stencil and stitching the sheets together with an ordinary office stapling machine. This is a tedious, fatiguing and time‐consuming operation, but if badly done can ruin the appearance of a duplicated document. Enquiries among a number of bulletin producers and makers of wire stitching machines showed that no attempt has apparently been made to devise an easier and quicker method, and a small gadget was therefore constructed. This has been in use in the Metal Box Research Division for some months, and is greatly appreciated by the typist. Several visitors have commented approvingly on it, and a short description may be of wider interest.
ACTION TAKEN BY ASLIB TO IMPLEMENT THE CONFERENCE'S PROPOSALS
Authors: WILSON LESLIE
Published: February 2008

Mr Wilson said that his brief was to explain, as far as possible, what action Aslib itself had taken to implement the proposals made at the Royal Society's Scientific Information Conference held in 1948, but he would also like to comment briefly on the opportunities for service which now confronted Aslib, largely because of the wider appreciation of information services resulting from that conference. Aslib's response to the conference's proposals had been conditioned by cramped quarters and straitened finances until the beginning of 1950 and even, in some measure, until the middle of 1951, but the following table (showing those recommendations which had been directed towards Aslib, or which Aslib had taken up, or which he thought Aslib might reasonably have taken up) would show what had been achieved and what left undone. To save space, the recommendations have been paraphrased, and progress given in note form.
EXHIBITION NOTES
Authors: HEWETSON C.E.C.
Published: February 2008

Any account of the exhibition at this year's Conference would be incomplete without some mention of the purpose for which these exhibitions are held, and their limitations.
HOW TO START AN INDUSTRIAL LIBRARY
Authors: FOSKETT D.J.
Published: February 2008

Duringthe last century, the growth and increasing complexity of our industry has brought about a radical change in the pattern of its development. The improvement of production processes by trial and error, and their control by secrecy, have given way to a conscious application of science and the free exchange of knowledge. The latest evidence of this is the series of reports issued by the teams that have visited the U.S.A. under the auspices of the Anglo‐American Productivity Council. Several factors have contributed to this change. Advances leading to greater specialization have produced an enormous accumulation of detailed knowledge in many fields; yet at the same time, the progress of science shows that no part of Nature exists in isolation: each part penetrates and is penetrated by others. The squandering of natural resources, and the erection of artificial trade barriers, mean that access to raw materials has become more difficult, and substitutes must be sought. Mass production methods mean the breaking‐up of a whole production process into unit operations, with the introduction of more and more standardization. Whereas in former times processes were often peculiar to one works and could only be learnt in that works, nowadays a process and a machine developed for one industry often find application in others, since unit operations in a flow line are much more easily interchangeable than complete processes. For example, in printing, straight lines are produced by inking the edges of thin strips of metal or ‘rules’; this process has been borrowed, and sharp rules are used for producing cuts and scores in sheets of cardboard, in the manufacture of folding cardboard boxes.
INTRODUCTION
Authors: DITMAS E.M.R.
Published: February 2008

In this issue of Aslib Proceedings we are glad to be able to include papers from two of the series of winter meetings held in London by Aslib, papers given at the Annual General Meetings of the Northern and Scottish Branches, and three contributions to MEMBERS' FORUM.
FACTS CONCERNING PATENTS, OF PARTICULAR INTEREST TO INDUSTRIAL LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION OFFICERS
Authors: DAVISON GEO.H.
Published: February 2008

To keep this paper within measurable compass, I propose not to discuss the history of British Patent Law except to point out that the 1624 Statute of King James, which covered the original law of patents in a single clause, has been replaced in the 1949 Act by 103 clauses followed by three formidable schedules, this being the 32nd Patents Act to be placed upon the Statute Book.
THE WRITING OF ENGLISH IN ABSTRACTS AND REPORTS
Authors: SIMONS ERIC N.
Published: February 2008

Every man has his King Charles's head, and the writing of English is mine. Some people imagine that you cannot write, or write about, good English unless you have a long list of impressive letters after your name. I have none at all, and for that very reason I am something of an authority on the subject. You see, I have never been able to assume that, having passed examinations in it, I've got rid of English once and for all and need no longer take an interest in it or give it my attention. When I read some of the slovenly English written to‐day, and observe the academic qualifications of the folk who write it, I feel glad I have no degree in the subject. My qualification for talking about English is the simple one that for nearly forty years I have earned my living and a little literary distinction by writing it, and have never stopped studying its complexities.
SETTING UP A SMALL SPECIAL LIBRARY
Authors: REVIE JAMES
Published: February 2008

In many relatively small industrial firms—and sometimes even in larger concerns—there comes a time when the boss looks round at the motley collection of books, periodicals, pamphlets, catalogues, etc., which have accumulated more or less haphazardly in various corners and other situations in his office, and says to himself, usually after he has failed to find some particular item of information which he knows is somewhere in the collection, ‘I think I'll put somebody on to looking after this stuff’. He then sends for his typist and says to her, ‘Miss Smith, I want you to look after all the books we have, and all those journals and pamphlets and things that keep coming in’. And so another small special library is born.
THE NEEDS OF A SALES DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
Authors: BIGFORD H.M.
Published: February 2008

This paper formed part of the series emphasizing the varying needs of different types of users of technical information services. Mr. Bigford explained that his particular interests lay in the development of new uses for aluminium and its alloys, metals for which many applications have already been found on land and sea and in the air, and in almost every industry. It is necessary to consider the wide diversity of applications in relation to the varying properties of the available types of aluminium and its alloys—types ranging from the highly ductile pure aluminium to the newer high‐strength alloys. A scientific approach must be used to ensure that the most suitable type is used for each new application, and this means a consideration of such factors as corrosion resistance, strength, finish, jointing, etc. Apart from available alloy types the metal is also available in different forms—as extrusions, plate, tubes, sheet and strip, castings, etc.—so that a proper consideration of the most applicable form to be used is also necessary. In many instances this introduces, among other things, the need for full consideration of the jointing problems as well as other factors which may complicate the economic picture. From information concerning the known properties of the metal or alloy and its reactions under similar working conditions, as intelligent an assumption as possible must be drawn on which recommendations on probable service behaviour can be made.
THE ORGANIZATION AND USE OF INFORMATION IN INDUSTRY
Authors: GILFILLAN G.
Published: February 2008

Industrial executives frequently require special information in order to solve their particular problems. A Sales Manager may have to estimate the market for a new chemical. A Production Engineer may require technical data in order to undertake the high‐speed machining of steel. A Works Manager may have to find the correct anti‐corrosive treatment for a certain type of ferrous metal. This kind of information and much else can often be obtained from those who have a specialist knowledge of the subject. There are also many cases in which the published results of investigations into special problems will be available in libraries.
PHOTO‐COPYING AND DUPLICATING PROCESSES
Authors: VERRY H.R.
Published: February 2008

Let me first of all congratulate Aslib in bringing before its members these various photo‐copying and duplicating processes. Book reviews and advertising literature serve a most useful purpose by introducing the machines to our notice, and in keeping us aware of the progress made in this field. The capabilities of any machine or process can, however, only be fully appreciated by actual demonstration which enables us to compare their possibilities with our own requirements.
ACQUISITION OF REPORTS
Authors: HOLLOWAY A.H.
Published: February 2008

Information, to be of any practical use, must get into the hands of the people who want it, and if all information were openly published the question of getting it into those hands would be a matter solely for the owner of the hands. In fact a considerable proportion of existing information is not published, and the acquisition of this proportion is a matter of co‐operation between the holder and the user.
ACCESSIONING AND CATALOGUING OF REPORTS
Authors: CAMERON A.R.
Published: February 2008

There is in my library a report with a most engaging title—On the nature and conditioning of least work equations in structures. I must add that I am far from being sure what it is all about, but anything on the nature of least work is attractive, and particularly so in the documentation of reports. Aeronautical libraries are mostly small, with staffs varying possibly from one to three, and the handling of reports is only one of their functions. Moreover the number of requests for reports may be small when compared with other enquiries. On this basis there is no doubt whatever that the time and effort spent in organizing this material is quite out of proportion.
SNAGS WITH JOURNALS AND PERIODICALS
Authors: WORRALL H.W.
Published: February 2008

Certain snags arise when trying to stack periodicals in a library so that the volume and number are visible and a particular issue is easily located. Where possible the following should be made standard on the spine, reading from right to left: month, year, title, volume number and/or part number. Where this is not possible the date should be printed on both front and back covers to assist in location.
WHAT IS NEEDED AND WHY
Authors: MADDAN MARTIN
Published: February 2008

I think that my part in the proceedings to‐night is certainly the easier part and I think that it is perhaps right that it should be the briefer part. I have to set, as your Chairman has said, a course which Mr. Mallaber has to follow, and I may, in setting the course, lead him into some rather murky and rough waters. We should therefore give him plenty of time to steer on an even keel through them.
INFORMATION SERVICES FOR CITIZENS' ADVICE BUREAUX
Authors: LITTLEJOHN ELIZABETH R.
Published: February 2008

The work of the Citizens' Advice Bureaux is carried out against a background of national information services and other related work of the National Council of Social Service. No one of these services would be equally effective alone.
The SCOPE OF INFORMATION WORK IN INDUSTRY
Authors: SMITH A.R.
Published: February 2008

I think I should at the outset explain something of the origin of this paper, and how it came to be written. As some of you may be aware, an article appeared in the issue of The Engineer for 13th February, 1953, on ‘Library service for industry’. In many respects it was a very useful and informative article, but at one point it claimed that ‘the activities of an information department usually revolve round the library’, the inference being, of course, that in information work the librarian is the ‘king pin’. As I disagreed strongly with that view, I wrote a letter to the editor pointing out what I regarded as an error in the article. Somewhat to my surprise a long correspondence ensued, and showed two rather striking features. The first was that the point I had raised was sidetracked, and there developed an almost bitter argument as to whether or not there is any difference between a librarian and an information officer. The second feature was that nearly all of the correspondents were engaged in technical information work, and almost without exception they assumed that no other kind of information work exists.
FURTHER PROBLEMS IN COMMUNICATION: The LANGUAGE OF The SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: WOOTTON BARBARA
Published: February 2008

I must begin this address with an apology for the uncommunicative nature of the title of my paper as announced in your programmes. As often happens, the title had to be chosen in advance of the birth, even perhaps of the conception, of the matter which it professes to describe: its vagueness must, therefore, be explained as a precautionary attempt to provide for all contingencies. Actually, the particular subject of this paper is The language of the social sciences; and I would ask you, therefore, to be good enough to append those words as a sub‐title.
The THEORY OF COMMUNICATION
Authors: FAIRTHORNE R.A.
Published: February 2008

Some thirty years ago, when the laboratory where I worked needed light alloy castings, success depended on divination carried out by the foreman. This hinged upon the effects of spitting in the crucible, and the results beat any scientific method hollow. About five years later we were using more dependable and repeatable, if less picturesque, criteria. This came about because meantime various theoretically‐minded people had studied various apparently minor and irrelevant matters such as the behaviour of single crystals of aluminium. Some of the personal skill and experience hitherto needed for routine operations now could be delegated; at times even to instruments.
SELECT LIST OF STANDARDS AND OTHER AIDS FOR EDITORS AND PUBLISHERS OF TECHNICAL LITERATURE
Authors: LLOYD G.A.
Published: February 2008

The purpose of this list is to indicate some of the tools which may help those concerned in editing and publishing scientific and technical papers to present their material in the clearest, most effective and most economic manner. Whether authors or not, they should certainly be familiar with at least some of the guides to good technical writing in the foregoing bibliography; they should especially heed the compiler's opening remarks, and above all the final passage. But there are other problems besetting the technical editor—layout, references, transliteration and technical symbols, for example—problems which are greatly simplified by the adoption of standard practices where these have been established. Some of the most useful recommendations are not as well known as they should be, partly because they are not always readily available and partly through lack of publicity, and it is hoped here to some extent to remedy this.
The ECONOMY OF SPAIN, AND SOURCE MATERIAL THEREON
Authors: Ruiz‐Morales J.M.
Published: February 2008

Señor Ruiz‐Morales emphasized at the outset the diversity of the economy of Spain. Not only was Spain cut off from the rest of the European continent by the Pyrenees, but land communications between one region of Spain and another were greatly handicapped by the mountainous nature of the country. The centres of both industrial and agricultural activity lay along the coastal belt, from Bilbao in the north to Barcelona in the south. In the centre was the meseta, the high plateau, dominated by Madrid. In the case of agriculture it was important to distinguish between the land distribution of the south (on the latifundia system) and the very small holdings (minifundia) of the north. Crop growing was concentrated in the valleys and the semi‐tropical climate of the south enabled Spain to export citrus fruits. Most of Spain's mines had been worked for a long time and were nearly exhausted. The country's deficiency was in two vital sources of power—coal and oil. Hydro‐power was, however, being utilized in the Pyrenees (for the Barcelona industrial region) and where the Douro and the Tagus dropped into Portugal. In the early ‘thirties Spain had a considerable gold reserve, but this had been lost to Russia, for the gold had been sent to that country at the time of the Spanish Civil War. Foreign aid was providing an important incentive to economic progress.
PUBLIC TECHNICAL LIBRARY SERVICE FOR INDUSTRY, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO The ‘POSTAL BORROWING SCHEME’ AND TO ‘DOCUMENTS BULLETIN’
Authors: BALL DOUGLAS
Published: February 2008

The subject of public technical library services is one which has been dealt with in several previous papers. It is not proposed, therefore, to itemize the long list of services which the public library can normally offer to its users, but instead to emphasize certain points which have not previously been given much attention, and to outline two developments which would seem to present a new approach to this branch of library activity.
LIVERPOOL TECHNICAL LIBRARY; A SURVEY OF The USE MADE OF ITS SERVICES
Authors: CHANDLER GEORGE
Published: February 2008

Just over two years ago Liverpool City Council established a Technical Library as part of its pioneer policy of assisting the development of new industries on Merseyside. The City Council recognized that the lack of adequate technical information facilities was undoubtedly a reason why some scientific discoveries were not applied as rapidly to industry as they might be. Hence it established a number of services in the Technical Library, aiming at forging a dynamic link between new scientific knowledge and its potential user.
ZATOCODING AND DEVELOPMENTS IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Authors: MOOERS CALVIN N.
Published: February 2008

It is a pleasure, as a visitor to your country, to find myself invited to talk to this audience about information retrieval. The invitation, as it came to me, contained the implication that there was a considerable curiosity here about my activities in this field in the United States. Some preliminary reconnoitring before the meeting convinced me that this was indeed the case. Your curiosity, then, furnishes me with an excellent excuse to talk about a number of things that I have been doing over the past few years.
The CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE AND ITS PLANS
Authors: CRANE E.J.
Published: February 2008

Chemical Abstracts, about to enter its fiftieth year, is at a turning point. Heretofore this journal has been produced without the expectation that subscription income would always meet expenses. Many times this income has been insufficient. Subsidies have balanced budgets. Subscribers have received a bargain. That Chemical Abstracts should thoroughly report and record each year's new chemical information has always been recognized. With adherence to this purpose, Chemical Abstracts has not been curtailed for lack of self‐earned income.
The RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF READERS AND LIBRARIANS
Authors: KYLE BARBARA
Published: February 2008

On the assumption that the majority of this audience works in technical and industrial libraries or information departments, of which I have no first‐hand knowledge, I have thought it prudent to devote myself to a general theme, which I hope is of interest to all of us, rather than to talk about techniques and methods which might well be irrelevant to you. I have already for the Journal of documentation tried to clarify my own ideas on the proper part to be played by special libraries in the national interlibrary loans system. I have based my remarks there on the assumption that every reader has the right of convenient access to any material that he needs, but I have suggested that it is the duty of librarians in different circumstances to establish priorities which will give privileges to certain groups financially supporting special libraries, and also that the national interlibrary loan system can only continue to work efficiently if borrowers (personal or institutional), intermediaries (such as the National Central Library, Aslib and the Science Library) and lenders all persistently ask the question ‘Is this a reasonable request?’ and thus prevent exploitation. Here, therefore, I should like to explore not so much the actual provision of material as the methodology used by the profession as a whole in this provision, and the relations between the profession and its clients.
RECENT WORK IN FINE ARTS LIBRARIES IN LONDON
Authors: HOWGEGO J.L.
Published: February 2008

I can think of no better way of beginning this paper than by defining a Fine Arts Library; and no better definition of a Fine Arts Library than that given by Mr. Wheen in describing the Victoria and Albert Museum Library. It is, he says, a library for the study of the history, philosophy, technique and appreciation of the arts. The arts referred to are of course what are generally known as the Fine Arts, and those, for the purposes of this paper, are in three main classes: Painting, which includes sculpture, drawing and applied fine art; Architecture, which includes town planning; and Music, with which we may include the dance, the drama, and other entertainment arts developing from them.
RESEARCH FOR SMALL FIRMS
Authors: KINGTON C.N.
Published: February 2008

I should like to set the scene by giving you an outline of that part of B.I.S.R.A. (British Iron and Steel Research Association) organization with which I am connected, as this will explain the scope and depth of our interests in the small‐firm field and provide a background against which the later part of the talk will be more easily understood. I also intend to stop in time to deal with questions, or indeed to hear views from the floor, because, as you will hear, one of the principles I shall put to you is that formal lecturing and presentation of reports is, in our small‐firm world, less effective than discussion as a means of presenting ideas.
II INFORMATION BULLETINS, THEIR CONTENTS AND FUNCTION
Authors: Brown Barbara M.
Published: February 2008

The Information Service at Fisons Head Office is operated primarily to meet the needs of the fertilizer and heavy chemical part of the group, which is now known as Division 1. In addition it tries to cater for those units of the Fison Group whose information requirements do not justify the appointment of a full‐time Information Officer, and for those at Head Office with group responsibilities. The chief means by which we disseminate information from published sources are our two bulletins, the Fertilizer Bulletin and the Chemical Bulletin, which both appear fort‐nightly. Thus we do in fact put out one a week or, to be precise, four bulletins each calendar month. Both publications have suffered changes of name and have even been dropped for a time, according to the exigencies of the situation, but I was able to trace the present Fertilizer Bulletin right back to 1944, when it went under the name of the Technical Service Review. From 1950–4 it flourished as the Technical Bulletin, and at the beginning of this year was renamed the Fertilizer Bulletin. The contents of this bulletin fall roughly into four parts: technological (manufacturing processes, chemical engineering safety, etc.); laboratory (analytical); commercial (world production and consumption statistics); agricultural (trends in research and farming).
III INFORMATION BULLETINS IN I.C.I.
Authors: STEVENS F.P.
Published: February 2008

A series of information bulletins are circulated within the company, one being prepared at the Headquarters in London and the remainder by the manufacturing divisions at their various locations throughout the country. Generally speaking the Headquarters' bulletin is devoted to commercial subjects, whilst the bulletins of the manufacturing divisions deal mainly with items of strictly scientific or technical interest. Some further particulars of the bulletins are given below.
ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE WORK
Authors: SMITH A.R.
Published: February 2008

The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, to provide an account of economic and commercial intelligence work. Second, to make clear the essential differences between it and library and technical information work. Third, to discuss the implications of these differences for certain views which seem to be currently held in Aslib.
INFORMATION SERVICES: MEASURING The COST
Authors: RISK J.M.S.
Published: February 2008

It is always a privilege to be asked to speak to the members of one's own professional body, but it is a double honour and responsibility to be invited to speak to the members of an association whose members are highly qualified and experienced in an entirely different field from that of the speaker.
I PERIODICALS AND THEIR USERS
Authors: GREENAWAY FRANK
Published: February 2008

The first thing to strike one about a periodical is that it is periodical. It arrives at regular intervals and each issue is attractive because it combines the attributes of newness and familiarity.
INTRODUCTION
Authors: DITMAS E.M.R.
Published: February 2008

Though the title on our cover implies no startling novelty, this first issue of Aslib Proceedings: incorporating Aslib Information is, nevertheless, a step of some significance in the publication of Aslib's periodicals. From now on, the quarterly Aslib Proceedings and the members' monthly news‐sheet Aslib Information will cease to be published separately. Instead, the papers, news notes, lists of recent articles and Aslib library accessions which have hitherto appeared in them, together with certain other types of material for which Aslib has had no suitable publication medium, will be brought together in this new monthly periodical. This, as befits a record of papers read at Aslib meetings and a chronicle of the plans and activities of all of Aslib's component parts, is visualized as a service common to members of all categories and one of the principal links between them.
GUIDE TO EQUIPPING AND STAFFING OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNICAL LIBRARIES
Authors: BINNS JEAN
Published: February 2008

In this paper an attempt is made to calculate the cost of equipment and staff for an industrial technical library, with a view to providing in accessible, tabulated form data which might be useful in planning new libraries, or organizing those already established. The detailed tables are set out at the end of the text, and are clearly cross‐referenced.
PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES IN The COVENTRY AREA
Authors: Simpson E.
Published: February 2008

The purposes of public libraries and those of technical and research libraries differ so widely in scope that I would like, first of all, to deal with the background against which the public library operates. Whilst the field covered by the public library is so wide as to be almost without boundaries, that of the special or research library is usually fairly tightly circumscribed. Public libraries are, as you know, wholly rate supported—or at least almost wholly, because we do draw a certain amount of income from the charges we levy on the people who keep books overdue—and unlike some other corporation departments we do not receive any Government grant.
SIGNPOSTS
Authors: BIRD J.
Published: February 2008

This series of annual reviews of the literature of special librarianship, which now reaches its fifth year, has been designed to help those most in need of the body of professional experience contained in the literature. Those special librarians or information officers with little or no professional training, who work in small departments far away from more experienced colleagues, have only the recorded knowledge in the literature to help them, but, because of lack of experience, they are often unable to sift from the mass of articles of varying value and character which crowd the pages of the professional journals the comparatively few items likely to be of practical use to them. For their benefit we present a selection of those papers really likely to give them solid help, leaving aside all purely theoretical and polemical articles, however important, and all literature on large libraries, unless they are likely to have applications in smaller ones. To these we add a selection of reference books likely to be of professional use to anyone in information work, including a number which he may wish to know about, even though he does not have them in his own library. The list is not restricted to work published in 1956, but is intended rather to be representative of items received in British libraries during that year. With the growing volume of library literature, the choice of a hundred or so items is bound to be in some respects a personal one, with which many may disagree, especially over the omissions, but it is hoped that all the items included will be of positive value.
The WORK OF The BUSINESS ARCHIVES COUNCIL
Authors: Sayers R.S.
Published: February 2008

Before I describe the work of the Business Archives Council I may perhaps be allowed to refer to my personal approach to the matters we are discussing here today, since my personal attitude is bound to colour all I have to say. I start from the position that whether we like it or not, and whatever we say here today, and whatever the business men of today do about it, the people of future generations will study history and write history. It is a study that satisfies something in our human nature—hosts of people, far outside the ordinary circles of scholarship, have a taste for history and will make some effort to satisfy that taste. And history has some educative value: it helps us to maintain a reasonable perspective when facing apparently novel situations. History will therefore continue to be written whether we do anything about business archives or not. The practical question is not between history and no history, but between history based on well‐assorted materials and history based on lop‐sided materials. For some materials will be preserved, in one way or another, particularly those relating to government and to legal questions, which have to be preserved for highly practical reasons. If business records are by‐and‐large destroyed, the picture drawn by future historians will be lop‐sided.
The DISSEMINATION OF The KNOWLEDGE OF SOVIET SCIENTIFIC WORK IN WESTERN COUNTRIES
Authors: STUBBS A.E.
Published: February 2008

My qualifications for writing this paper rest on experience gained in the course of part‐time abstracting and translation of Soviet literature in the field of chemistry and allied subjects. I have become interested also in the publication of translations, and I recently spent a few days in the U.S.S.R. discussing problems met in the translation and publication of Soviet literature with various scientific and technical bodies.
The TECHNICAL COLLEGE LIBRARY AS AN EDUCATIONAL INSTRUMENT
Authors: TOPPING J.
Published: February 2008

I thinkI should like to start this lecture by saying that the last two or three years have been for many of us in technical colleges the most exciting and perhaps the most exacting period in our experience. I have never before known a time when there was such a ferment of educational ideas going on in colleges; it is a time when the educational content of our schemes is being reconsidered, rethought and refashioned, and when teachers are thinking anew and fundamentally of what and how they should teach. This is so different from our earlier obsession with ‘student‐hours’, a sort of numerical statistical blight which has afflicted us so much in the past.
CO‐OPERATION WITH LOCAL INDUSTRY
Authors: LOVE P.P.
Published: February 2008

This morning Mr. Broad gave a clear picture of the scope and organization of a technical library service, and Lord Verulam and Dr. Topping have shown the part played by a library in the field of education. We shall now examine the prospects of co‐operation between technical colleges and local industry on library services.
SOURCES OF GENERAL INFORMATION FOR The SPECIAL LIBRARIAN
Authors: THURLEY C.A.
Published: February 2008

No matter how well‐defined and specialized may be the field of a particular library it is only natural for the users of the library to ask for information on a variety of topics far removed from the main subject interest. It is therefore necessary for a part of the book fund to be set aside for these general purchases; Whitaker's Almanack is an obvious example. As this can be a cosdy business it may be of interest for special librarians to hear of some useful publications which come from highly reputable sources and yet are available free or at little cost. Addresses to which requests for these publications should be sent are given in an appendix.
SOME LEGAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION WORK
Authors: BISKE V.
Published: February 2008

Information officers as servants whether we admit it or not, we are all essentially selfish and like to know the answer to the question ‘Where do I stand?’ Hence it is proposed, as the first of the few topics selected for discussion in this paper, to deal with the position of the information officer himself.
A NEW METHOD FOR DUPLICATING CATALOGUE CARDS
Authors: LIEBESNY F.
Published: February 2008

In the field of technical information and documentation the problem of compiling an abstract bulletin and then providing catalogue cards of the abstracts for a card index has hitherto implied the necessity of completely retyping the information given in the abstract bulletin on to stencils for subsequent duplication by the usual processes. It can be seen that this old method, which was unavoidable in the case of abstract bulletins with formats different from that of the catalogue cards, was unnecessarily cumbersome and time‐consuming because of the second typing stage. The new process obviates this retyping stage and thereby ensures a consequent saving in time and expenditure as shown in Table I.
ECONOMICS OF TRANSLATION
Authors: LIEBESNY FELIX
Published: February 2008

I am going to talk both as a user and a perpetrator of translations, since, in the Patent Department of the Mond Nickel Company Limited, the Information Section has to abstract and translate patents and other legal documents as well as technical and scientific articles from, and occasionally into, foreign languages. A large part of this work is done within the department but the incessant pressure, due to the necessity of working to definite dates—a very common problem in patent work—forces us to send out some work to outside translators. We have thus acquired a considerable store of experience on the economic or L.s.d. side of translation work.
The TRAINING OF TRANSLATORS
Authors: READETT A.G.
Published: February 2008

The subject on which I have been asked to speak is ‘The training of translators”. This is not an easy matter, particularly as there can, in the nature of things, be no golden rule for training for a task so complex and varied as that of the translator, especially in technical or scientific matters. I shall make no apology for approaching this subject from a very practical point of view.
The NATURE AND FUNCTION OF SCIENCE
Authors: CALDER RITCHIE
Published: February 2008

Science, which exists to rebut magic and disprove superstition, is in danger of creating its own magic and encouraging a new superstition. This is due to the ‘jargon’ of science, an abracadabra, which produces results that mystify, and to the release of stupendous forces, to which ignorance gives the quality of The Unknown. It is no exaggeration to say that just as our primitive ancestors stood in superstitious awe and fear of the elemental forces—the sun, the lightning, the storm, the earthquake—and ascribed them to the Supernatural, so today, for the greater part of mankind, man‐made elemental forces, manifested in explosions and radiations, have that same quality of awe and fear. They ascribe them, not to the Supernatural but, to the Superman, the scientist.
The USE OF MICRORECORDS IN LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SERVICES
Authors: BURKETT J.
Published: February 2008

At the moment there appears to be a lively interest in the significance of microrecords; the Symposium at Hatfield a short time ago, and now the present meeting. I wonder, however, if librarians in general fully appreciate the pros and cons of the subject and intend to do something about the various problems common to many libraries today, problems that might well be answered by adopting one or other of the forms of microtext. Commercial establishments accepted microfilming some years ago, and, I understand, so have some bookmakers and football pool promoters. Or are we to give lip‐service only, waiting for someone else to go ahead to establish this new form of reading material (that is, new to library practice) just as we have done for certain fundamental problems that are the main concern of librarians—acquisition, cataloguing, classification, binding and storage, interlibrary loans?
RECORD REPOSITORIES IN GREAT BRITAIN: THEIR USE
Authors: CRICK B.R.
Published: February 2008

It is a pleasant though dangerous task to follow such distinguished speakers who have said most of what could reasonably be said already. In my own approach to the subject I speak somewhat on behalf of a body called the Survey of Sources for American Studies. This was set up, thanks to a generous grant from an American source, by a group of English scholars called the British Association of American Studies, in order to publish a book that would be a survey of and a guide to all records in Great Britain and Ireland that relate in any way to American history or literature. All I would claim for us is that we have tested the repertory of British records, as described by the previous speaker, more thoroughly than any other person or body; and have conducted a certain amount of original research, particularly in the sphere of business records….
The NATIONAL LENDING LIBRARY FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—1958
Authors: BUNN R.M.
Published: February 2008

Last year three papers were published about the work of planning and starting the National Lending Library for Science and Technology. The purpose of this paper is to record a further instalment of the story. The current work divides itself into three main sections. Firstly, collecting and recording the literature, secondly, making the literature available, and thirdly, considering the effects the new library will have on the existing systems for providing scientific and technical literature, and its relationship to these systems.
DOCUMENTATION RESEARCH AND ASLIB
Authors: CLEVERDON C.W.
Published: February 2008

Few people would deny that the purchase and move into Aslib's new headquarters was a matter of very great importance but I believe that the increased grant made to Aslib by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research is of even greater potential importance. During the last five years the grant had been a maximum of £7,000 a year but the new grant, starting in January 1959, would be £12,000 a year, conditional on Aslib raising £15,000, with a further £100 for every extra £100 raised up to a maximum of £18,000.
SOME PROBLEMS In The PRODUCTION OF A MULTILINGUAL JOURNAL
Authors: BECK G.N.J.
Published: February 2008

Whether it is correct or not to describe it as multilingual, plurilingual or polyglot, the journal with which I am particularly concerned falls into the category which produces complete separate editions in two or more languages. The number of such journals is by no means insignificant, the majority of them being the house journals of industrial firms, produced essentially for prestige purposes, although often containing a high proportion of original and interesting technical material. Switzerland is the country which has long been foremost in their production, while other smaller European nations are also energetic in issuing English editions of journals in addition to those in their own languages. There would seem to be, however, no counter‐part among such multilingual journals to Endeavour, the scientific quarterly‐review produced in five editions, English, French, German, Spanish, and Italian, by Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, contributors to Endeavour being drawn impartially from all fields of scientific activity—the academic world, scientific research institutions, and industry. Although sponsored by I.C.I., no discrimination whatever is made in favour of contributions by scientists of the company's own staff. To help maintain the international character of the journal, articles from abroad are also frequently included. Endeavour was first published in January 1942, at a period of the war when the fortunes of Britain were at a low ebb. Its purpose then was to give scientists at home, and particularly overseas, a balanced summary of the continuing progress of science. A secondary but no less important aim was to counter, by encouraging scientific workers to read outside their own subject, the trend towards over‐specialization. Notwithstanding the difficulties due to material shortages and security restrictions, Endeavour was safely launched. It has continued to flourish ever since. It is distributed free of charge to individual scientists, scientific bodies, laboratories, and libraries throughout the world. The total circulation of all editions is about 35,000 copies.
AN EXPERIMENT In MAKING AN INDUSTRY INFORMATION‐CONSCIOUS
Authors: FREEDLAND VERNON D.
Published: February 2008

While larger firms have set up information departments and libraries, or have appointed information officers assigned to the work of collecting and disseminating information within the concern, the great majority of smaller firms either do not appreciate the value of internally organized supplies of information or feel that they do not possess the resources for taking action. This state of affairs has been underlined in the reports of a number of investigations and surveys made in recent years.
The APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TO The FURNITURE INDUSTRY
Authors: WARDLEY SMITH J.
Published: February 2008

This lecture discusses that part of the work of the Furniture Development Council which deals with the dissemination of technical information to the industry. It outlines the structure of the industry, and examines the peculiar difficulties which this produces. The methods employed are described and commented upon.
METHODS OF RECORDING LOANS
Authors: WARBURTON B.
Published: February 2008

My talk about methods of recording loans is going to be limited to those used in special libraries, although the purpose for which a loan record is made is the same in both public and special libraries. Basically the librarian wants to know (1) what items are out on loan, (2) to whom these items have been lent and (3) what date they should be returned. A public librarian is eager to find a system which, whilst giving these essentials, cuts down to a minimum the time spent by a borrower in waiting for his ticket. Thus various systems have been introduced, the Westminster Token System, photocharging, and audiocharging, as variants on the more usual Browne system.
INDIVIDUAL ABSTRACTS VERSUS BULLETINS
Authors: MOSS W.R.
Published: February 2008

I do not intend, in this paper, to confine my remarks to the narrow ground of abstracts versus bulletins. The two are complementary rather than in rivalry. It is almost impossible to compile a bulletin without recourse to ‘individual abstracts’ or titles, albeit temporarily. There is the added complication that probably the majority of library bulletins do not contain abstracts. I apologise for the fact that I have not prepared an O. & M. survey on the comparative economics of the two since any full discussion needs this. For those who are interested in an economic method of producing bulletins and abstracts, there is a recent article by Liebesny, which should be studied. In this paper I wish to examine, briefly, the use of abstracts and bulletins in laboratories and to suggest how, from the chemical library/information stand‐point, they could be improved. There is nothing original in what I have to say, but its restatement will not do any harm.
Is The CIRCULATION OF PERIODICALS DESIRABLE?
Authors: THORNTON H.
Published: February 2008

Is it desirable to circulate periodicals? An emphatic ‘yes’ is calculated to antagonise half of you from the outset. An emphatic ‘no’ is obviously going to do likewise. It seems therefore that we have here the ideal topic to promote discussion.
The CATALOGUING AND CLASSIFICATION OF CINE FILM AT The ROYAL AIRCRAFT ESTABLISHMENT
Authors: CROWTHER G.
Published: February 2008

Use of film at the R.A.E. cinematography is indispensable in research and development, particularly in a field such as aeronautics. For purposes of recording and analysis, especially in circumstances where the human eye is likely to err or is unable to be present (for example the interior of a wind tunnel), the cine film provides a permanent assessable record of exactly what happens, which is invaluable in terms of ease of reference and scope of coverage.
The JAPAN INFORMATION CENTER OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND ITS ACTIVITIES
Authors: ABE KOZI
Published: February 2008

The Japan Information Center of Science and Technology (JICST) was established on 16th August 1957 by Act of special incorporation as an organization of non‐profit character supported by government and industry. It was established for the purpose of contributing to the development of science and technology by means of collecting, processing, storing, and retrieving scientific information. Translation and photoduplication services were also to be included.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION In INDUSTRY: HOW It Is USED
Authors: SCOTT CHRISTOPHER
Published: February 2008

This paper reports a selection of results from a sample survey on the use of technical information in the British electrical and electronics industry, commissioned by the dsir and carried out by the Government Social Survey in 1956. For further details the report of the survey should be consulted.
FARMINGTON REDIVIVUS: OR TEN YEARS OF CO‐ORDINATED FOREIGN BOOK PROCUREMENT In The U.S.
Authors: VOSPER ROBERT
Published: February 2008

It is assumed in many circles that American university libraries are tremendously rich in books and also in dollars. There are to be sure at least twenty today with holdings of well over a million volumes each, and at least twenty‐five have been able recently to acquire additional books at a rate of 40,000 or more volumes each year. Moreover, there are a fair number of American universities. The figures I give you are from the annual official statistics of the Association of College and Research Libraries, which records information for 110 major universities.
The ORGANIZATION OF LIBRARIES In The UNITED KINGDOM
Authors: FILON S.P.L.
Published: February 2008

In this paper I propose first to describe very briefly the main types of library and their functions and then to consider in more detail what arrangements exist for facilitating interlibrary co‐operation and in particularly interlibrary lending in this country. The expression ‘organization of libraries’ is not meant to imply the existence of any centralized or official organization, such as exists for instance in Denmark. There are, however, certain voluntary arrangements for mutual aid among libraries which cover between them the great proportion of the more important libraries, and although these arrangements do not constitute an all‐embracing organization, they form the basis upon which an all‐inclusive system of co‐operation could be built.
INFORMATION AND The TECHNOLOGIST
Authors: CODLIN ELLEN M.
Published: February 2008

My observations on the subject of making the technologist information‐conscious may be divided into two parts. Firstly, an examination of the circumstances which make a special effort necessary; and secondly, a listing of some ‘paperwork’ methods of furthering the effort.