bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Moral Sanctions: Two Traditions of Understanding
Authors: Prokofyev Andrey V.
Published: July 2022

The paper is aimed at providing general outlines of the more than two-century history of the theory of moral sanctions. It rests on a thesis about unity of all disciplines studying morality. The aim of the paper has been achieved trough an analysis of how some basic concepts were borrowed and basic ideas were transformed. The first tradition links moral sanctions with public condemnation. Some of its adherents simply identified public condemnation with moral sanction. This opinion prevailed until the middle of the XXth century. Later it was suggested that a sanction becomes genuinely moral only when a transgressor herself is sensitive to condemnation because she recognizes that she deserves it and feels shame, guilt or remorse. It means that an external side of the sanction has to be complemented by an internal one. The first tradition presupposes a deep and thorough analysis of an external side of the moral sanction, i.e. various forms of sanctioning behavior (avoidance, censure, denunciation, reproach, scolding etc.) The second tradition was initiated by J.S. Mill and H. Sidgwick, it includes among moral sanctions the very negative emotions of self-appraisal. For adherents of this tradition, model and most important moral sanctions are internal: guilt and remorse. Characteristics of internal (autonomous) and external (heteronomous) sanctions were established in the XXth century anthropology. Later this distinction became current in the contemporary ethics.
Um excesso de mundo: a internet está morta?
Authors: Steyerl Hito , Pimenta Velloso Beatriz , Pietroluongo Amanda , Caetano Gabriel da França
Published: July 2022

Desconstruindo a expectativa de que a Internet seria um grande vetor de democratização do conhecimento, o texto revela de forma sarcástica a expansão de antigos monopólios midiáticos dentro das redes sociais. O crescimento de ideologias, o surgimento de fake news e os ataques intempestivos à opinião de usuários não seriam atitudes espontâneas, mas procedimentos planejados para assegurar o poder a poucos privilegiados.
ESTRUTURAS PRODUTIVAS E DESIGUALDADES INTRARREGIONAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Alves Denis Fernandes , Pereira William Eufrásio Nunes , Lima Júnior Francisco Do O' de
Published: July 2022

As desigualdades inter e intrarregionais são problemas fundamentalmente marcados pelo passado histórico de formação e consolidação das estruturas econômicas produtivas regionais no Brasil. Algumas regiões como Norte e Nordeste, devido a diversos fatores, não se desenvolvem tão rápido como o Sul e Sudeste mais avançados em termos de estrutura produtiva. Os fatores econômicos e sociais das regiões moldaram as características dos setores da economia e das suas próprias estruturas produtivas regionais. O objetivo principal desse artigo é analisar alguns fatores econômicos e sociais das regiões brasileiras, evidenciando os desequilíbrios em termos de estrutura produtiva intrarregional, bem como apresentar as perspectivas de mudanças e persistência dos problemas. Para realização de tal desiderato, utiliza-se de uma metodologia dedutiva e quanti-qualitativa. Os resultados encontrados demonstram a perpetuação do atraso econômico em meio a significativos avanços em setores específicos. As políticas públicas implementadas foram políticas públicas setoriais em escala nacional, e não explicitamente de cunho regional, que tiveram impactos importantes para a maior homogeneização social e a melhoria das condições de vida da população, justamente nos territórios caracterizados por menor crescimento econômico.
Computational Design of Rasagiline Derivatives: Searching for Enhanced Antioxidant Capability
Authors: Reina Miguel , Guzman-Lopez Eduardo , Galano Annia
Published: July 2022

A set of new rasagiline derivatives is presented. They were designed to
be antioxidant compounds with the potential to be used for treating
neurodegenerative disorders. They are expected to be multifunctional
molecules that can help reduce oxidative stress, which is thought to
contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. The CADMA-Chem computational
protocol was used to produce rasagiline derivatives and to evaluate
their likeliness as oral drugs and antioxidants. Three of them were
identified as the most promising ones. They are proposed to be better
free radical scavengers than rasagiline. In addition, they are expected
to keep the parent’s molecule neuroprotective capability. Hopefully, the
results presented here would promote further experimental and
theoretical investigations on these compounds.
Metabarcoding analysis identifies high diversity of harmful algal bloom species in the coastal waters of the Beibu Gulf
Authors: He Liyan , Yu Zhiming , Xu Xin , Zhu Jianan , Yuan Yongquan , Cao Xihua , Song Xiuxian
Published: July 2022

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have occurred more frequently and emerged
increasing hazard ways in recent years. This study firstly combined both
short-read and long-read metabarcoding analyses for marine phytoplankton
community and HAB species identification in the coastal waters of the
Beibu Gulf. Short-read metabarcoding showed that the phytoplankton in
the sea area had high levels of biodiversity, with Dinophyceae
dominating, especially Gymnodiniales, and multiple small-size
phytoplankton were also identified, which complements the previous lack
of understanding phytoplankton of both small-size and those unstable
after fixation. Of the top 20 phytoplankton genera identified, 15 were
HAB-forming genera, which account for 47.3%-71.5% of the relative
abundance of phytoplankton. Based on long-read metabarcoding it further
revealed that a total of 147 OTUs (PID>97%) belonging to
phytoplankton were identified at the species level, including 118
species. Among them, 37 species belonged to HAB-forming species, and 98
species were reported for the first time in the Beibu Gulf. Contrast of
the two metabarcoding methods at the class level, they both showed a
predominance of Dinophyceae, and both included high abundances of
Bacillariophyceae, Prasinophyceae and Prymnesiophyceae, but the relative
contents of the classes varied. Notably, the results of the two
metabarcoding methods were quite different below the genus level. High
abundance and diversity of HAB species were mainly due to the special
life history and multiple nutritional modes, which provided a basis for
preventing the potential impact of HAB species on the aquaculture and
even nuclear power plants safety in the Beibu Gulf.
An aphid symbiont confers protection against a specialized RNA virus, another increases vulnerability to the same pathogen
Authors: Higashi Clesson , Nichols William , Chevignon Germain , Patel Vilas , Kim Kyungsun , Allison Suzanne , Strand Michael , Oliver Kerry
Published: July 2022

Insects often harbor heritable symbionts that provide defense against
specialized natural enemies, yet little is known about symbiont
protection when hosts face simultaneous threats. In pea aphids
(Acyrthosiphon pisum), the facultative endosymbiont Hamiltonella defensa
confers protection against the parasitoid, Aphidius ervi, and Regiella
insecticola protects against aphid-specific fungal pathogens, including
Pandora neoaphidis. Here we investigated whether these two common aphid
symbionts protect against a specialized virus A. pisum virus (APV), and
whether their anti-fungal and anti-parasitoid services are impacted by
APV infection. We found that APV imposed large fitness costs on
symbiont-free aphids and these costs were elevated in aphids housing H.
defensa. In contrast, APV titers were significantly reduced and costs to
APV infection were largely eliminated in aphids with R. insecticola. To
our knowledge, R. insecticola is the first aphid symbiont shown to
protect against a viral pathogen, and only the second arthropod symbiont
reported to do so. In contrast, APV infection did not impact the
protective services either R. insecticola or H. defensa. To better
understand APV biology, we produced five genomes and examined
transmission routes. We found that moderate rates of vertical
transmission, combined with horizontal transfer through food plants,
were the major route of APV spread, although lateral transfer by
parasitoids also occurred. Transmission was unaffected by facultative
symbionts. In summary, the presence and species identity of facultative
symbionts resulted in highly divergent outcomes for aphids infected with
APV, while not impacting defensive services that target other enemies.
These findings add to the diverse phenotypes conferred by aphid
symbionts, and to the growing body of work highlighting extensive
variation in symbiont-mediated interactions.
Isolated Hodgkin Lymphoma of the intracranial dura: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kanagalingam Tharsan , Velker Vikram , Pejhan Shervin , Zhang Qi , Mangel Joy , Young Sympascho
Published: July 2022

We present the rare case of a 71 year old man with intracranial primary
dural Hodgkin lymphoma (PDHL). He underwent subtotal resection of the
mass, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and consolidative radiotherapy,
with no recurrence at 5 years follow up.
Research integrity in randomised clinical trials: an umbrella review.
Authors: Nunez-Nunez Maria , Maes-Carballo Marta , Mignini Luciano , Chien Patrick , Khalaf Yakoub , Fawzy Mohamed , Zamora Javier , Khan Khalid , Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora
Published: July 2022

Background: The trustworthiness of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) is
suffering a crisis of confidence. Objectives: We undertook an umbrella
review of the research integrity literature concerning RCTs. Search
strategy and selection criteria: Following prospective registration
(https://osf.io/3ursn), two reviewers independently searched PubMed,
Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar, without language or time
restrictions until November 2021. We included systematic reviews
covering any aspect of research integrity throughout the RCT lifecycle.
Data collection and analysis: We assessed methodological quality using a
modified AMSTAR-2 tool and collated the main findings. Main results:
There were 55 relevant reviews summarising a total of 6001 studies
(median per review 63; range 8-1106 studies). The overall quality of 53
(96.4%) reviews was critically low. Eight (14.6%) reviews focused on
the general aspects of a RCT, 12 (21.8%) on the design and approval, 6
(10.9%) on the conduct and monitoring, 21 (38.2%) on the reporting of
protocols and findings, one (1.8%) on post-publication concerns and 7
(12.7%) on future research and development. The integrity issues
covered were varied, the most common being the importance of ethics
(10/55, 18.2%) and transparency (10/55, 18.2%). Conclusions: Various
research integrity issues covering RCT lifecycle, captured from mostly
low-quality reviews, provided a broad overview emphasising the need for
high level of ethical standards and professionalism. Many gaps in the
RCT integrity landscape were also identified. There is a need to
generate multistakeholder consensus to create specific RCT integrity
standards.
Bonghan (primo vascular) system, elucidated by Bong Han Kim: Kim’s findings, later verifications, new findings, and prospective: A review
Authors: Kang Kyung Aih
Published: July 2022

The Bonghan system (BHS) was discovered in the 1950s by Dr. Bong Han Kim in North Korea. His first report, published in 1962, revealed the identity of ‘acupuncture meridian’ as a vascular system. Kim published five reports, containing completely new facts on BHS: its distribution throughout the entire body, even in blood and lymphatic vessels and self-renovating function via a new cell cycle, demonstrating its fundamental nature in life. In about 1966, Kim’s research abruptly ceased but in about 2000, it was revived by Dr. Kwang-Sup Soh in South Korea, who later gave it another name, primo vascular system (PVS). Soh and other PVS scientists also uncovered new BHS/PVS facts: e.g., its roles in stem cell productions and in cancer metastasis. The review provides a glimpse of BHS/PVS science, which is so worthy of furthering. It includes: BHS and acupuncture meridian; BHS subtypes; sanal (산알)-cell cycle for cell-renovation and blood cell productions; sanals and stem cells; and cancer associated-PVS. The bases of BHS/PVS sciences are now laid out in front of us and it is up to us to combine our efforts together to further this important science. The review invites scientists in all fields to active debates to move forward and implement BHS/PVS sciences in healthcare.
Magnetic Study of BiPbSrCaCuZnO Super Conducting thin film Synthesized by pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) Method
Authors: Shakouly Suzan Malek
Published: July 2022

In this research, the effect of transition metal Zn doping to Bi PbSrCaCuO were studied. Various weight ratio (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) of Zn to BiPbSrCaCuO were prepared by using pulsed laser deposition Method (PLD). The effect of Zn doping to BiPbSrCaCuO were examined using a variety of characterization techniques, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) this examination was done in the Islamic republic of Iran at University of Tehran. The XRD, reveals that Zn-doped BiPbSrCaCuO film crystallizes in tetragonal structure with mixture of two phases 2212 and 2223. The high phase 2223 increase with increasing Zn dopant especially was found higher at (Zn= 0.6, 0.8). The electrical properties of undoped and doped samples, were measured by four probe technique, the phase transition from normal resistivity to absence resistivity occurring at temperature called critical temperature Tc the values of TC for variable Zn substitution in BiPbSrCaCuO recorded (97, 90, 95, 102) and super conducting behavior. The saturation magnetization (MS) was found higher for undoped as compared to doped samples.
Dil Bilgisi Öğretiminde Bir Etkinlik Önerisi: Ek Çarkı
Authors: Batur Zekerya , Kaplan Kadir , Ercan Ertuğrul
Published: July 2022

Çalışmada sözcükte yapı konusunun öğretimine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülen “Ek Çarkı” etkinliğinin uygun kuramsal çerçevede sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Tamamlayıcı karma desen kullanılan çalışmada 2019 Türkçe Öğretim Programı’nda 5. sınıf okuma temel becerisiyle ilişkilendirilen “Yapım ekinin işlevlerini açıklar.” kazanımı ve “Yapım ekleri ezberletilmez, işlevleri sezdirilir. Kelime türetmenin mantığı kavratılır.” kazanım altı açıklaması dikkate alınarak öğrencileri kurallarla sıkmayacak, onları da sürece dâhil edecek eğlenceli bir etkinlik hazırlanmıştır. “Ek Çarkı” etkinliği öncesi çalışma grubundaki öğrencilerin testten elde ettikleri puanların aritmetik ortalamasının (yüzlük sistemde) x"=67.69 iken etkinlik sonrası uygulanan testin ortalama puanının x"=76.39 olması hedeflenen kazanımın öğrenciler tarafından kazanıldığını göstermektedir. Öğrencilere ait test puan ortalamalarının cinsiyetlere göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmadığı, puan dağılımından yola çıkarak yapılan sınıflandırma sonucu 23 öğrenciden geçer derecede 1 öğrenci, orta derecede 6 öğrenci, iyi derecede 9 öğrenci, pekiyi derecede ise 7 öğrenci olduğu görülmüştür. Dil bilgisi öğretiminde öğrencileri öğrenme sürecine dâhil etmek amacıyla hazırlanan bu etkinlik önerisinin sözcükte yapı konusunun öğretiminde etkili olacağı; böylece öğrencilerin dil bilgisinde öğrendiklerini okulda ve okul dışı hayatlarında kullanabilme becerilerinin gelişeceği düşünülmektedir.
Developing Awareness of ELF in English Language Education
Authors: Flognfeldt Mona E.
Published: July 2022

Language educators in today’s classrooms face the complex responsibility of teaching English to prepare students for a variety of requirements in the field of education and work. At the same time, they need to empower students to make use of their English resources to communicate as effectively as possible with speakers in local and global contexts where English is used as a contact language, i.e., English as a lingua franca (ELF), by people who do not speak and understand each other’s primary languages. The concept of ELF is regarded in diverse ways in various educational settings, and often it is described negatively in comparison with the norms of native-speaker English. However, this deficiency orientation is not conducive to the development of confident language users, which is an aim clearly outlined in the revised national English subject curriculum in Norway. This chapter proposes a post-deficiency approach to the teaching and learning of English, calling for a change of attitude and arguing for the inclusion of ELF discourse in learning resources, heightened genre awareness, and the development of contextually appropriate pragmatic strategies.
Intercultural English Teaching in Norway for the 21st century
Authors: Heggernes Sissil Lea
Published: July 2022

This chapter asks in what ways recent international developments around the notion of interculturality might enrich English language teaching (ELT) in Norway in tandem with the country’s Core Curriculum and English curriculum. To understand the recent trends in intercultural research and their relevance to ELT, an historical background on the teaching of cultural content in the subject of English is provided. The role of interculturality in the Norwegian Core Curriculum and English curriculum is first considered through a textual analysis, then compared and contrasted to the curricula of 1974 and 2006. Next, issues currently under debate and further exploration in the field of interculturality are outlined, focusing particularly on static and dynamic perceptions of culture. Finally, implications for ELT are discussed and activities inspired by an intercultural pedagogy are suggested. In alignment with the focus on multimodal texts in the English subject curriculum and building on research into the affordances of picturebooks for language and intercultural learning, the author proposes that critical analysis of picturebooks and factual texts about topical issues can address the issues under debate. Through such activities, teachers can provide English language students with opportunities to engage the critical perspectives and symbolic competence required to navigate in the 21st century.
Promoting 21st Century Skills through Classroom Encounters with English Language Literature in Norway: Theoretical and Practical Considerations
Authors: Hoff Hild Elisabeth
Published: July 2022

The present chapter explores the affordances of literature as an educational medium in the School of the Future, more specifically in relation to the teaching and learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Norway. As new educational needs have emerged in response to the demands of the rapidly changing workplace and societies of our contemporary world, the role of literature in today’s language classroom may seem somewhat precarious. The chapter therefore considers what 21st century skills like cross-cultural communication, in-depth learning, critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, innovation, collaboration, and multiliteracies may entail in a context of literary reading. First, it gives an overview of how notions of 21st century skills and the encounter with English language texts feature in the current Norwegian National Curriculum. Next, the Model of the Intercultural Reader (MIR) (Hoff, 2016) is proposed as a viable theoretical framework for developing such skills through reading and working with literary texts in the EFL classroom. Practical implications are considered, and both strengths and limitations of the model are addressed. By concretising the theoretical and practical links between the MIR and the concept of 21st century skills, the chapter expounds upon previous discussions of the model and thereby provides further insight into its relevance as a pedagogical tool. Moreover, the chapter illuminates why literature still can and should play an important part in the present-day teaching and learning of English.
proposta pedagógica curricular do curso de letras indígena da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa-PR
Authors: Souza Diogo Bandeiro de , Dos Santos Maria Walburga , Doin Rafael Romeiro
Published: July 2022

O artigo desenvolve análise da Proposta Pedagógica Curricular do Curso de Letras da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, a fim de promover uma leitura decolonial do currículo proposto pela instituição. A epistemologia decolonial mostra-se como uma alternativa de conhecimento que escuta/dá voz a outras formas de pensamento que não apenas as oriundas de cânone europeu ou estadunidense. É uma epistemologia que se soma a outras e não visa substituir saberes, mas ampliar a concepção de conhecimentos válidos. O texto buscará, de modo principal, explicitar a(s) relação(ões) entre currículo e identidade, intentando refletir interfaces/possibilidades estabelecidas entre currículo e questões educacionais indígenas, considerando, entre outros, o pensamento de Tomaz T. da Silva, Alice C. Lopes, Elizabeth Macedo, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de S. Santos, Daniel Munduruku e Paulo Freire.
Atravessamentos moderno/coloniais no currículo
Authors: Cruz Marcelly Machado , Silveira Éder da Silva
Published: July 2022

Neste artigo, busca-se identificar e analisar as manifestações da matriz colonial de poder no currículo de um curso de graduação em Relações Internacionais no estado do Rio Grande do Sul-Brasil. Realiza-se uma análise crítica e qualitativa do Projeto Pedagógico de Curso (PPC) a partir de interlocuções teóricas entre currículo e de(s)colonialidade à luz da Análise Textual Discursiva. Argumenta-se que, na modernidade/colonialidade, o currículo se constitui também como dispositivo colonial de regulação e controle. As colonialidades do ser, do poder e do saber nele se manifestam e orientam sua dimensão prescrita, real e oculta. A análise reconhece que a universidade incorpora e reproduz o paradigma da modernidade, reforçando essas colonialidades no e por meio do currículo.
GLOBAL AND REMOTE COMMUNICATION
Authors: Azira Neto Francisco , Silva José Luiz Alves da , Moreira Júnior Wagner Lopes
Published: July 2022

The current world has some central factors that lead us to constant innovations in all human activity fields and the way we communicate is no exception to this rule. Decades of globalization, the disruptive technological emergence and the recent COVID 19 acute epidemic crisis are examples of this situation; as a matter of fact this is leading toward a Tipping Point where the so called Digital Era and the ICT Revolution have come globally and with full strength in our daily life. Thus, an opportunity for academic research emerged so that the Global and Remote Communication theme could be explored, with the objective to understand, in basic terms, what the variables would be to interfere in an increasingly frequent and necessary way of our day to day interaction. Within that context, this exploratory and descriptive analysis was developed, aimed at the academic public in Brazil, composed by professors and university students, there included undergraduate, master, MSc and PhD through a set of 28 guiding questions that dealt to digital communication tools, communication barriers, individual behaviors and enterprise internal culture and proceedings. The results of our research allowed us to reach some interesting findings that qualified the Global and Remote Communication and, we hope, will be helpful for new defined studies in the future, with several and different approaches.
SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT: A BRAZILIAN GOAL PLAN IN PRACTICE
Authors: Freitas Fernanda Cardoso Romão , Gasperin Daniela
Published: July 2022

By 2050, two-thirds of all humanity will live in urban areas; as a result, sustainable development will become fundamental for the management of cities. Making cities sustainable means creating opportunities, safe and affordable housing, and building economic and resilient societies. To achieve sustainable development, it is crucial to harmonize three core elements: economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection. These components are intertwined and fundamental to the well-being of individuals and societies. This research portrays the Municipal Goals Plan as a strategy foreseen in the Sustainable Cities Program, in view of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, held in Brazil in 2012 and known as Rio +20. The study has a descriptive exploratory character, the use of a case study of the municipality of Antônio Prado, located in southern Brazil, was chosen as a technical procedure testing, and describes how a small municipality could develop and apply the Municipal Goals Plan, based on the objectives of sustainable development(SDG). The results displayed in 42 months of Management (2017-2020) were very satisfactory and actually reached 90% of the 97 actions foreseen by the work teams and this mostly due to three factors: 1) the engagement of those responsible for Administrative Management; 2) the importance of planning, at both strategic and operational levels; and 3) the commitment of the teams in the execution of the actions. These three key factors for the success of the plan triggered an effective collaborative construction work, which may be called collaborative governance.
USE OF DATA ANALYTICS TOOLS FOR INCREASED EFFICIENCY IN THE INTERNAL AUDIT PROJECT PORTFOLIO
Authors: Andrade Augusto , Penha Renato , Ferreira da Silva Luciano
Published: July 2022

The constant evolution and dependence of technologies on corporate business activities and processes brought an increase in electronic transactions in company processes and, consequently, a need for transformation in the project portfolio of the Internal Audit area. Based on these needs, technological tools such as Data Analytics appear as technical support options for audit project managers to extract, model, improve and optimize the analysis and scope of the data. The purpose of this report was to present how the implementation of technological Data Analytics tools contribute positively to increasing the efficiency of the internal audit project portfolios. The results showed that the implementation of this type of technology during internal audit projects and processes could reduce the intensity of the work, expand its reach in the results and increase the efficiency of production in time and cover the cycles of audited processes. The use of Data Analytics has positive advantages for the AI ​​project portfolio and for the future of the area, such as better project planning, greater resource management, more comprehensive scope definition, agility in the execution of audit work, traceability and record of analyzes performed and performance increase.
STAKEHOLDERS AND THE IMPACT THAT EXERCISE ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION PROJECTS
Authors: Romualdo da Costa Filho José , Penha Renato , Ferreira da Silva Luciano
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this technical report was to observe the relationship of internal and external stakeholders during the execution of a digital transformation project in a leading vehicle rental company in Brazil. The report was prepared using the qualitative research approach, using consultation of the project's primary data, document analysis and participant observation. The results signal the importance of the correct mapping of stakeholders and how it affects the bonds of trust between the various parties involved, a factor capable of influencing the trajectory of the project. This study was limited to having analyzed only one project. As future studies, the impact of stakeholder influence on digital transformation programs and portfolios and how the time factor is affected in this organizational arrangement could be studied.
Resenha de Bellucci, Francesco. Charles S. Peirce. Selected Writings on Semiotics, 1894–1912, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110607390
Authors: Rodrigues Cassiano Terra
Published: July 2022

Resenha de Bellucci, Francesco. Charles S. Peirce. Selected Writings on Semiotics, 1894–1912, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110607390
TINJAUAN YURIDIS ASAS PEMBANGUNAN TENAGA KERJA DALAM PEMBERIAN PESANGON DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wijaya Emilia Metta
Published: July 2022

Economic growth can realize by increasing investment. Unfortunately, investors are not interested in investing in Indonesia because of the large amount of severance pay for workers. Regulatory adjustments are needed to meet the demands of investors while still paying attention to the principles of labor development. Therefore, this research focuses on the issues of determining and analyzing juridically the principles of labor development in giving severance pay in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal research that focuses on positive legal norms in the form of legislation. The result of this research shows that the provision of severance pay for workers in Indonesia is not currently under the principles of labor development. This is because the regulated severance pay that should be provided in order to develop workers actually taking away workers prosperity.
FP-Growth Algoritması Kullanılarak Tüketiciler ve Mobilya Kullanım Süresi Arasındaki İlişkilerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: SÖZEN Eser , BARDAK Timuçin , BARDAK Selahattin
Published: July 2022

Mobilyalar günlük hayat içinde çeşitli amaçlar için, farklı sürelerde tüm kültürlerde insanlar tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Mobilya ve insan etkileşimi birçok açıdan incelenmesi gereken önemli bir konudur. Hem tüketicilerin sağlığının korunması hem de satın alma davranışlarını tam olarak anlamak için mobilyaların kullanım süresi bilgisine ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada anket yöntemi ile tüketicilerin demografik bilgileri ve farklı mobilyalar için kullanım süreleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerden Frequent Pattern (FP)-Growth algoritması ile farklı mobilyaların kullanım süresi ve tüketicilerin arasındaki ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda en güçlü birliktelik, yemek yeme mobilyalarında en kısa süre geçirenlerin kilosunun yüksek ve erkek olması arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma mobilyalarında günlük 4 saat vakit geçirenlerin lisans mezunu erkek olması diğer bir birliktelik kuralıdır. Yine 18-25 yaş aralığındaki bireylerin yemek yeme mobilyalarında geçirdiği süreye ait birliktelik kuralına göre %69 doğruluk oranı ile 30 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Veri madenciliğine dayalı önerilen yöntem tüketiciler ve farklı mobilyalar için kullanım süresi arasındaki ilişkilerin etkili ve başarılı bir şekilde tespit edilebileceğini göstermektedir. Veri bilimi tüketici davranışlarını anlamak için karar vericilere yeni bakış açıları sunabilir. Bununla birlikte mobilya endüstrisinde kaliteyi artırmak için veri analizine dayalı yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
About the Information About Forest and Forest Products in the Islamic World in Medieval Sources
Authors: KARAKÖK Tunay , KARAYILMAZLAR Selman
Published: July 2022

With the emergence of humanity, the first human learned to make all kinds of tools and equipment he needed with the goods he obtained from these sources, especially from the forests and the sources that contain nutrients around him, to sustain his life. Thus, the first use of forests and the resources obtained from forest products by humans and the first way of living in forest areas emerged. However, forests in particular were in the position of resources that were used freely and irregularly in the beginning. In time, it has become necessary to determine the ownership status of forests in order to regulate the use of forests by administrative formations created by people and to protect forests. In the course of time, these political or administrative mechanisms have put an end to the concept of common ownership that allows everyone to benefit from forests as they wish. Established states, emirates, or whatever the name is, political mechanisms whose function is to manage societies have even had to include forest areas within the state land structure by the state. However, the increase and spread of settlement units called rural or village, which are called out of city centres, and the pressure of the population on the forests in such places has caused frictions between the villagers and the mechanisms that own the forests.In this study, the Information about Forest and Forest Products in the Islamic World according to the Medieval Sources is presented based on the information within the appropriate sample obtained from the sources of the period by using the qualitative research method. When we look at this information obtained through information and document analysis, it is seen that there are data that support and form the basis for the developments and changes in the relevant field today about forest and forest products in the world of the period. It is another finding that we have products in which forest and forest products are effective in many fields, from architecture to art, from shipping to kitchen tools, from heating to commerce.
Maintenance Culture in Selected Public Buildings within Ibadan Metropolis
Authors: Afolabi Sakirat Abimbola , Babalola Oluwatosin , Olaniyan Olamide Martins , Aseyan Babajide
Published: July 2022

This study examined the current states and maintenance culture in some selected public buildings in Ibadan. Case study research approach was adopted using researchers' observation and structured interviews as a tool for data collection. Three public buildings (Adeoyo Maternity Hospital, Yemetu, Queen's School, Apata and Lekan Salami Stadium, Adamasingba), were purposively selected. Descriptive and content analysis was used, and the results were presented using pictures and tables. The major findings show that building structures at Adeoyo Maternity Hospital appears neat and physically sound. However, building structures at Lekan Salami Stadium and Queen's School were observed not to be in good working conditions due to insufficient funds and high cost of maintenance work among others. Routine cleaning exercise was identified as the only regular maintenance carried out on these facilities aside Adeoyo maternity hospital where servicing and repairs was done as need be. The study conclusively revealed that maintenance culture in public buildings is observed to be poor on a general note. The study thus recommends that government should respond quickly to maintenance request to keep the building in good working condition and extends its lifespan.
Methods of Financing University Education and Their Implications on Access, Quality and Completion Rates: An Experience Shared from Undergraduate Education Students, Maasai Mara University, Kenya
Authors: Mobegi Florence O. , Kara Augustine M.
Published: July 2022

Demand for higher education in Kenya has increased despite insufficient funding from the Government. This led to the cost-sharing policy where both the Government, the students, and their households share the costs of higher education. Students are provided with loans through Higher Education Loans Board (HELB). Public universities are supported through capitation grants to meet development and recurrent expenditure. The household contributes towards tuition and upkeep of their students. At Maasai Mara University, it has been observed that at the end of every semester, some students defer their examinations due to fee balances implying that there are gaps in the existing methods of financing a university education. This study, therefore, investigated the effectiveness of the financing methods and their implications on students’ access, completion rates, and quality education based on students’ experiences at the University. The study used a descriptive survey design. The target population was 950 education students who were in their third and fourth years of study. Stratified random sampling was used to select 315 students to participate in the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview guides for the class representatives. Documents were also analyzed. The study found that the majority of the students depended on HELB and support from their households to finance their education. The amount of loans allocated to students was inadequate and multiple sources of funding are required to meet the full costs of education. Students from poor backgrounds resorted to menial jobs which affected class attendance and learning outcomes. Other students deferred their examinations affecting academic progression. The study concluded that the current methods of funding university education were not dependable as they negatively affected students’ access, academic progression, completion rates, and quality of learning outcomes. The study recommended the need for an alternative financial support system for students from poor families to complete their studies on schedule.
Statism and the Growth of Authoritarianism in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Norman Ishmael Dilnos
Published: July 2022

Statism or Realism proffers that the State is the main actor in politics, and, therefore, the Referent Object. This belief appears to be the predominate basis of governance in Sub-Saharan Africa, despite the region’s efforts towards mainstreaming democratic principles in governance. There are several other progressive schools of thought that inure society with authority superior to that of the State on the basis of Rule of law. The resulting polarity of power presents problems for aligning State Security influenced by realist securitization theories and Societal Security influenced by the United Nations Development Program’s Human Development Report since 1994 and the Welsh School of Security Studies.
In this analytical, correctional research approach, I will show that the States seem to apply mechanical and substantive modalities through authoritarian control over society, since the State is the sole provider of security, making the citizens less significant in the eyes of the ruling elite, Security Forces and Police Services with delegated State powers. Although the Constitutional frameworks of the common law, English Language speaking nations in Africa provide that sovereignty emanates from the citizens and, therefore, the repository and custodians of all laws, the concept of Statism or Realism ignores such provisions analytically, legislatively and constructively.
There is considerable disregard for the citizens as the custodians of power which has led the State to create National Security institutions, backed by legislation and public policy, whose primary pre-occupations are the rendition of protective and intelligence services to perpetuate the regime’s control over the citizens.
There are also researchers and political scientists that seem to legitimize the emasculation of the larger members of Society, since they are deemed as part of the existential and imminent threats to State power. The history of democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa provides to date, blatant lack of the Rule of Law, Justice and Equal Protections, where citizens compete against the State interests.
This introductory study contextually teases out from the literature on security studies, the thrust of the Copenhagen and the Welsh School’s approaches towards governance; to demonstrate that, the pursuit of authoritarian rule in Africa is rather a deviation from both Schools of Security Studies, with recommendations for change towards a more measurable deliverables of the Human Development Report of 1994 and its progeny of progressive international development policies.
ОПТИМІЗОВАНИЙ РОЗРАХУНОК АДСОРБЦІЙНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ЧЕРЕЗ НАСАДКОВИЙ АДСОРБЕР МЕТОДОМ КОМІРКОВОЇ МОДЕЛІ
Authors: Онищук Оксана Олександрівна
Published: July 2022

В статті показано оптимізовану модель адсорбції через насадковий адсорбер в ізотермічних умовах. Розглянуто теоретичні розрахунки кінетики адсорбції, часу перебування потоку в насадковому адсорбері, часу захисної дії шару адсорбенту, середньої швидкості процесу адсорбції. Проедставлено в граничних умовах диференціальне рівняння адсорбційного процесу в ізотермічних умовах. Крім того, визначено кількість теплоти згідно з законом Ленгмюра при адсорбції на активованому вугіллі, та, використовуючи рівняння Трутона, визначено залежність кількості тепла, що поглинається, від температури. Наведено математичну модель адсорбційного процесу, що досліджувалась із застосуванням методу коміркової моделі та програмного забезпечення. Використовуючи пакет прикладних програм MathCAD та рівняння Ленгмюра, ця модель розв’язана шляхом порівняння необхідної кількості комірок n, яка була визначена як її основний параметр. На основі експериментальної кривої зроблено припущення про можливий вигляд коміркової моделі адсорбційного процесу і проведено математичну обробку цієї кривої. Розраховано отримані значення параметрів моделі, проведено нормування експериментальних даних методом трапецій та перевірку моделі на адекватність. Вивчено процес обміну іонів з одинаковим зарядом, який проходить між адсорбентом і адсорбатом в точно еквівалентних співвідношеннях, для того щоб пом’якшити воду, яка призначена для виготовлення безалкогольних і алкогольних напоїв, виноматеріалів, оскільки смакові якості цих продуктів поліпшуються в разі зменшення в них іонів магнію, міді, заліза.
Obraz barokovej krajiny ako historicko-geografický prameň
Authors: Šimůnek Robert
Published: July 2022

The starting question is the relation between the old map or picture on one side and the past reality on the other. Can we realy expect an exact testimony about the appearance of the depicted area as a whole and of the details? Or does their documentary value lye in something else? A view of all types of “images of the cultural landscape” offers – fist of all – a testimony of the ideal, about how the (cultural) landscape should have looked or at least should have been depicted. For the eyes of contemporaries and future generations. The apparent loss of part of the documentary value of our sources is not actually so – on the contrary.
XVI. YÜZYIL ŞÂİRİ VUKÛFÎ NİN TÜRKÇE DÎVÂN DÎBÂCESİ, ARAPÇA BÜRDE VE TANTARÂNÎ KASÎDELERİNE NAZİRELERİ VE TÜRKÇE ŞİİRLERİ
Authors: Gümüş Ahmet Kemal
Published: July 2022

Sultan III. Murad [ö. 1003/1595] dönemi şâirlerinden olan Vukûfî hakkında kaynaklarda herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır, şiirlerine de mecmualarda rastlanmamıştır. Millet Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi Ali Emîrî Manzum 495 numarada bulunan yazmada, Vukûfî’ye ait Türkçe Dîvân Dîbâcesi, Kasîde-i Bürde ve Tantarânî kasîdelerine Arapça iki nazire ve muhtelif biçimlerde on iki Türkçe şiir vardır. Klasik dîvân tertibi dikkate alındığında bir dîvân diyemeyeceğimiz bu şiirlerin başında dîbâce olması dikkate değerdir. Yazmada kasîdelerden sonra III. Murad’ın tahta çıkışı münasebetiyle murabba nazım şekli ile yazılmış bir culûsiye, Selîmî (II. Selim [ö. 982/1574]) ve Muhibbî’nin (Kanûnî Sultan Süleyman [ö. 974/1566]) gazellerine yazılmış iki tahmis, sekiz gazel ve ayrıca dünyanın faniliği ile alakalı bir murabba bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada şiirlerinden hareketle Vukûfî’nin hayatı ve sanatı hakkında çıkarımlarda bulunuldu. Dîbâce kısmı incelendi, Bürde ve Tantarânî kasîdeleri hakkında kısa bir bilgi verildi. Daha sonra Türkçe dîbâce ile Arapça ve Türkçe şiirlerin metni ortaya koyuldu. Dîbâce kısmı günümüz Türkçesine aktarıldı, Arapça şiirlerin tercümeleri yapıldı ve Türkçe şiirler nesre çevrildi.
ACEMZÂDE MUSTAFA CEMÂLÎ VE SİLSİLENÂME-İ MEVLEVİYYE Sİ
Authors: Donuk Suat
Published: July 2022

Yazma eser kütüphanelerinde silsilenâme türünde pek çok eser bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri Acemzâde Mustafa Cemâlî’nin Silsilenâme-i Mevleviyye adlı eseridir. Mustafa Cemâlî, Üsküp Acemzâde Tekkesi Şeyhi Hasan b. Mustafa esSinânî’nin oğludur. Mevlevîlik tarikatına mensuptur. Üsküp Acemzâde Zaviyesi dervişlerindendir. Silsile-i Mevleviyye’de yer alan manzumelerden Cemâlî mahlasıyla şiirler yazdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Ancak Acemzâde Cemâlî’nin şairlik yeteneği kısıtlıdır. Silsile-i Mevleviyye’nin yazımı 7 Şa‘bân 1309 (7 Mart 1892) tarihinde tamamlanmıştır. Mevlevîlik tarikatının Hz. Muhammed’den Mevlâna Celaleddin-i Rûmî’ye kadarki şeyh silsilesini ve Hasan-ı Basrî’den Şems-i Tebrizî’ye kadarki önderlerinin yaşam bilgilerini sunmak maksadıyla yazılmıştır. Tasavvufî bilgilerle karışık silsilenâme türündedir. On beş biyografi ihtiva etmektedir. Biyografilerde şahsın künyesi, ailesi, eğitim durumu, tarikata giriş hikâyesi, şeyhi, vefat tarihi ve menkıbeleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. En hacimli biyografi Mevlâna Celaleddin-i Rûmî’ye aittir. Biyografik bilgilerin yanı sıra ilim ve hilafet çeşitleri, nûr-ı Muhammedî, ahz, velayet, nübüvvet, ilahî aşk vb. tasavvufî konular hakkında malumat da içermektedir. Bu malumat çok sayıda âyet, hadis, kelam-ı kibar ve manzumelerle süslenerek sunulmuştur. Dili ağır, üslubu sadedir. Dilini ağır kılan unsur tasavvufî kavram ve terimlerin çokluğudur. Seci ve edebî sanatların yokluğu, cümlelerin kısalığı üslubunu sade kılmıştır. Bu makalede Acemzâde Mustafa Cemâlî’nin hayatı ve edebi kişiliği hakkında bilgi verilmiş, Silsilenâme-i Mevleviyye adlı eseri tanıtılmış, Silsilenâme-i Mevleviyye’nin çeviri yazılı metni ilim âlemiyle paylaşılmıştır.
MEVLEVÎ MENÂKIBNÂMESİ MAHZENÜ L-ESRÂR DA KADIN MOTİFİ
Authors: Uğur Elif Özcan , Önder Sevim Yılmaz
Published: July 2022

Mevlânâ Celâleddîn-i Rûmî (ö. 672/1273) Türk tasavvuf edebiyatına yön veren büyük bir değerdir. Telif ettiği eserlerinin etkisi, çağları aşarak günümüze ulaşmıştır. Mevlânâ ve Mevlevîliğe dair bugüne kadar birçok eser yazılmıştır. Bunlara kaynak teşkil eden eserlerden biri olan Menâkıbü’l-Ârifîn, tarikat geleneği içerisinde yetişen Ahmed Eflâkî (ö. 761/1360) tarafından Farsça kaleme alınmıştır. Eflâkî’nin bu dinî-tasavvufî eseri Sultan II. Murâd (salt. 1421-1444, 1446-1451) döneminde ilk defa Mahzenü’l-Esrâr adıyla Anadolu Türkçesine tercüme edilmiştir. Eserde Mevlevî dergâhına mensup kadınlara dair anlatılar dikkat çekicidir. Kira Hatun, Melike Hatun, Mutahhara Hatun, Şeref Hatun, Fâtıma Hatun gibi eş, çocuk, torun, gelin vb. Mevlânâ’yla birinci derecede akrabalık ilişkisi bulunan kadınların; Gömeç Hatun, Hoşlika Hatun, Gürcü Hatun, Paşa Hatun gibi Mevlânâ’nın ailesi dışından olup dergâha intisap etmiş, maddi/manevi desteği olan müridelerin, sultan hanımlarının hikâyeleri anlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Mevlânâ ve dergâhı ile olan münasebetlerinden yola çıkılarak Mahzenü’l-Esrâr’da bahsi geçen kadınlar statü, yaşam biçimi, hayat duruşu vb. konularda “kadın motifi” çerçevesinde incelenecektir.
MANİSA MURADİYE VAKFI NIN 1596-1609 YILLARI ARASINDAKİ BİLANÇO ANALİZİ
Authors: Öztürk R. Hülya
Published: July 2022

Vakıflar iktisadi fonksiyonları ve ifa ettikleri önemli kamu hizmetleri yanında, şehirlerin sosyo-ekonomik görünümünün en önemli göstergeleri olmaları bakımından da birçok araştırmaya konu olmaktadır. Vakfedilen akar/gelirler içinde ziraat yapılan arazilerin bulunması, hasat ve ürün fiyatları gibi tarımsal üretime yönelik bilgiye ulaşılmasına imkân vermektedir. Sosyal ve ekonomik tarih araştırmaları bakımından önemli ve ayrıntılı veriler içeren ‘Vakıf Muhasebe Defterleri’nden, vakıfların iktisadi fonksiyonları ve yaratılan istihdam potansiyeli yanında ürün fiyatları, ücretler, yevmiyeler, çalışan sayıları, icra ettikleri tamirat ve bakım işleri, keza ifa ettikleri kamu hizmetlerine dair önemli bilgiler edinilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ele alınan ve 1574 yılında kurulan Muradiye Vakfı, Manisa’nın en büyük ve önemli vakıflarından biridir. Vakfın bütçesi içinde en önemli gelir kaynağını kırsal kesimden elde edilen gelirler oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile vakfın 16. yüzyılın sonları ile 17. yüzyılın erken dönemleri arasında mali durumunun analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ele alınan dönem Celali İsyanları’nın etkilerinin yoğun bir şekilde yaşandığı bir dönemdir. Buna rağmen vakfın dönemsel mali sıkıntılar yaşamakla birlikte, faaliyetlerini engelleyecek derin bir kriz yaşamadığı görülmüştür.