bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of rosacea in combination with demodicosis
Authors: Elistratova L L , Potaturkina-Nesterova N I , Nesterov A S
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the features of the clinical course of rosacea in combination with demodicosis. Methods. The study included patients aged 19 to 59 years with rosacea (n=71), in whom Demodex mite were identified. Gender and age-comparable patients with rosacea and without demodicosis (n=68) were examined as comparison group. The disease duration in both groups ranged from 2-3 weeks to 7 years. Clinical examination, Demodex folliculorum identification were performed. Diagnostic criteria for clinical forms of rosacea were used for diagnosis and staging of the disease. Results. The pustular form of the disease was more prevalent in patients with rosacea, complicated by demodicosis. The combination of erythema with skin edema was found in all patients with a pustular form of the disease, bigger grouped skin rash elements having an infiltration bed were revealed in a greater degree. In patients with papular form of rosacea, complicated by demodicosis, skin rash elements were localized all over the face in 33.3% of cases, in comparison group similar rash was noted in 12.5% of cases. In patients with rosacea, complicated by demodicosis, most of the patients suffered relapses at least twice a year and more. In cases of rosacea without demodicosis relapses were significantly less frequent. Conclusion. In patients with rosacea, complicated by demodicosis more severe clinical course of the disease was observed with a prevalence of pustular forms and the greater skin area involved.
Features of population’s addressing for the emergency care because of the «heart attack» and its promptitude
Authors: Paikov V N
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the nosological structure of ambulance calls because of the «heart attack» and factors influencing the care promptitude. Methods. Statistical data of ambulance calls because of the «heart attack» and factors influencing the care promptitude were analyzed. Ambulance charts of 4074 patients aged 18 and older who called an ambulance because of the «heart attack» in January 2011 in Kazan were analyzed. Results. Females were found to call the ambulance because of the «heart attack» more often (60.9%) compared to males (39.1%). The share of the cardiovascular emergencies was 47.0% in females, 40.1% in males. Among the cardiovascular diseases the most prevalent were angina in males (37.2%), hypertensive emergency - in females (44.2%). The waiting time for the ambulance to come in patients who called the ambulance because of the «heart attack» did not depend on the diagnosis, but was related to the time of the day. Conclusion. The revealed features give a basis for further adjustment of the set of questions the patient is asked when he/she is calling an ambulance, and its introduction by the ambulance coordinators. It will add to the proper call classification and improve the care promptitude in cases of cardiovascular emergencies.
Pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma treatment results
Authors: Akhmetshin R F , Abdulaeva E A , Bulgar S N
Published: November 2019

Aim. To assess the pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma treatment results. Methods. 22 patients (44 eyes) aged 16 to 38 years (male - 12, female - 10) were observed. Pigmentary glaucoma was diagnosed in 12 eyes, pigment dispersion syndrome - in 32 eyes. Visual acuity testing, visual field testing, biomicroscopy, ocular tonometry and tonography, ophthalmoscopy, gonioscopy, scanning laser ophtalmoscopy, computed perimetry were performed. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 10 years. All patients underwent laser iridotomy. All patients were treated with anti-glaucoma medications and antioxidants unless intraocular pressure was compensated. Results. Intraocular pressure was lowered to normal in 26 out of 44 eyes. Intraocular pressure was compensated on the rest of 18 eyes using treatment with local pressure-lowering medications and antioxidants. Laser iridotomy allowed to remove the anatomical predisposition (the main pathogenetic link) leading to additional pigment deposition and intraocular pressure increase. Prolonged use of antioxidants has resulted in tear outflow drainage and normalization level of intraocular pressure. Conclusion. Early diagnosis of the pigment dispersion syndrome and proper treatment tactics allows to prevent the pigmentary glaucoma development and to preserve the vision.
The study of vision correction options in athletes with myopia
Authors: Nugumanova A M , Khamitova G H
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the options to correct vision in athletes with myopia. Methods. 100 athletes with myopia, going in for different sports, (male - 49, female - 51, aged 14 to 35 years) were examined and questioned. The questionnaire contained questions regarding following issues: sports type, myopia degree, type of vision correction, type of contacts, wear schedule of contact lenses, adverse effects. Ophthalmic examination included visual acuity testing, eye examination with automated refractor and anterior biomicroscopy. Results. Low myopia was diagnosed in all of the athletes examined. 49% of them did not used any vision correction because of the low degree of myopia - less than 0.75 dpt, the rest 51% used glasses in 18% of cases and contacts in 33% of cases. Athletes participating in injury-prone sports or sports requiring good long distance vision and good peripheral vision such as ice hockey, volleyball, football, used the contact lenses. Hence, the contact lens type did not complied with recommended for use in sports by their replacement schedule. 81% of questioned athletes wore lenses with 4-week replacement period or of longer use instead of daily disposable lenses that are preferable. In 18% of athletes wearing contacts a chronic conjunctivitis was diagnosed. Conclusion. For external eye complications prevention in athletes going in for injury-prone sports not only type of vision correction but the contact lenses replacement schedule matters.
Blood antioxidant capacity change in patients with the «dry» form of age-related macular degeneration treated with polarized polychromatic non-coherent light and dynamic electromyostimulation
Authors: Saifullina F R , Sharafieva R Z , Pogorel’tsev V I , Fayzrahmanova F M , Abdulaeva E A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To assess the antioxidant capacity in patients with the «dry» form of age-related macular degeneration before and after combined treatment with polarized polychromatic non-coherent light and dynamic electromyostimulation. Methods. Two groups of patients with the «dry» form of age-related macular degeneration were examined. 40 patients (80 eyes) from the main group were treated using combined treatment and 39 patients (78 eyes) in the group of control who were treated conventionally. The integral blood antioxidant capacity was measured by galvanometry. Results. Blood antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects is 26.0 kC/l. In patients of the main group blood antioxidant capacity before the treatment was equal to 22.81±0.27 kC/l, compared to 22.17±0.20 kC/l in control group (total mean value 22.49±0.27 kC/l). There was a relevant elevation of the blood antioxidant capacity at the late stages after the treatment - up to 12 months, compared to only 2 months in the control group. Visual acuity in patients of the main group before the treatment was 0.87±0.02, after the treatment was finished - 0.96±0,01 (p 0.001), 2 months after the treatment - 0.95±0.01 (p 0.001), 6 months after the treatment - 0.96±0.01 (p 0.001), 12 months after the treatment - 0.95±0.01 (p 0.001). Visual acuity in patients of the control group before the treatment was 0.91±0.02, after the treatment was finished - 0.95±0.02 (p 0.05), 2 months after the treatment - 0.94±0.02 (p 0.05), 6 months after the treatment - 0.92±0.02 (p 0.05). 12 months after the treatment the visual acuity deteriorated compared to the treatment start and was measured as 0.89±0.02. Conclusion. There is a decrease of blood antioxidant capacity (22.49±0.27 kC/l) in patients with the «dry» form of age-related macular degeneration; a relevant increase of blood antioxidant capacity and visual acuity can be observed up to 12 months after the treatment with polarized polychromatic non-coherent light and dynamic electromyostimulation.
Comparative analysis of the systemic inflammatory response in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Ivanov D V , Sokolova L A , Gusev E Yu , Kamkina L N , Plekhanova N O
Published: November 2019

Aim. To compare the course of chronic systemic inflammation during various rheumatic diseases. Methods. Examined were three groups of patients: with ankylosing spondylitis - 25 people (20 males and 5 females), with rheumatoid arthritis - 26 people (11 males and 15 females) and with systemic lupus erythematosus - 49 people (3 males and 46 females). The control group included 50 practically healthy individuals (26 males and 24 females). Analyzed were the following parameters: the content of interleukin-6, -8, -10, C-reactive protein. The integral index of the reactivity coefficient was calculated. Results. The level of the studied cytokines was significantly higher in systemic lupus erythematosus, than in ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis, while the content of C-reactive protein was significantly higher in ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The values of the reactivity coefficient were also significantly higher in systemic lupus erythematosus. Conclusion. The presence of systemic inflammation was determined in most patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, while ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis were characterized only by mild manifestations of systemic inflammatory response.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of different methods of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis on the quality of life of patients
Authors: Karpachev A A , Parfenov I P , Khlynin A Yu , Yarosh A L , Soloshenko A V , Polyanskiy V D
Published: November 2019

Aim. To conduct a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis and define the quality of life of patients depending on the methods of surgical treatment. Methods. The study included 81 of the 165 patients with chronic pancreatitis, who underwent the following operations: endoscopic transmural interventions through the wall of the stomach and duodenum, endoscopic transpapillary surgery, percutaneous interventions for sanitation and drainage of the cystic cavity, laparotomic operations of internal drainage, resection interventions. The quality of life of patients was assessed using the general health questionnaire SF-36. Results. The lowest level of life quality was established in the group of patients after endoscopic transpapillary interventions. Statistically significant differences in the level of physical and psychological health were established when comparing patients after endoscopic transpapillary interventions and after endoscopic transmural surgical interventions, which were carried out through the wall of the stomach and duodenum; differences only in the level of physical health were noted when comparing with the group of resection interventions. Conclusion. The quality of life of patients with chronic pancreatitis depends on the type of surgical intervention, age and sex of the patients.
A complex approach to the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic pain in women: clinical and economic aspects
Authors: Moskovenko N V
Published: November 2019

Aim. To improve the results of treatment of chronic pelvic pain in women secondary to chronic nonspecific salpingoophoritis and chronic cystitis. Methods. Examined were 91 women of reproductive age suffering from pelvic pain. The patients comprised two groups. The first group included 68 women in the treatment of which physical exercise therapy, electromagnetic resonance radiation and laser treatment were used. The comparison group included 23 women who received conventional therapy. Used were the generally accepted clinical and special methods of investigation: determined was the content of gonadotropic and steroid hormones, conducted were sonographic, urodynamic studies, laser Doppler flowmetry, assessed was the heart rate variability by the R.M. Baevskiy technique. The medical and psychological examination of women included a study of a women’s personality traits with the help of classical psycho-diagnostic methods. Results. Chronic pelvic pain in women is accompanied by a disturbance of the autonomic balance, increase in the activity of the regulatory systems and psychoemotional disorders, in the structure of which anxiety and depression conditions dominate. The influence of these disturbances on the major categories of quality of life has been established. After treatment was completed marked improvement was observed in the women of the main group; herein the disappearance of major symptoms, normalization of laboratory data, ultrasound investigation data, indicators of microcirculation occurred in a shorter time; the duration of treatment decreased. In the long-time registered was a decrease of the frequency of exacerbations of the disease in the main group of women by 2.6 times relative to the comparison group of patients. The economic effectiveness of the proposed methods of treatment was 40.2%. Conclusion. The usage of physiotherapy techniques in the treatment of pelvic pain made it possible to reduce the treatment time, reduce the frequency of exacerbations of the disease, to establish an economic effect.
The clinical effectiveness of impulse electrotherapy in the complex treatment of patients with chronic endometritis
Authors: Radzinskiy V E , Petrov Yu A , Polina M L
Published: November 2019

Aim. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of impulse electrotherapy in the complex treatment of patients with different variants of chronic endometritis based on the evaluation of adaptive reactions and immune status. Methods. Conducted was a clinical and laboratory examination of 550 women with early reproductive losses, who were divided into three groups. Studied was the efficacy of electro-impulse therapy with high-amplitude short-wavelength low-frequency electrical signals using the apparatus «SKENAR» (SKENAR-therapy) in the complex treatment of 269 women with chronic endometritis (first group). The second group included 67 women with similar variants of chronic endometritis, who were treated without the physiotherapy component. 54 patients refused the proposed rehabilitation activities (third group). Results. New data has been obtained on the adaptive reactions of the female body before and after treatment during different types of chronic endometritis. The frequency of disadaptation was highest during the hypoplastic form of chronic endometritis. Shown was the high efficiency of electro-impulse therapy, using the apparatus «SKENAR» in the complex treatment of chronic endometritis due to the normalization of parameters of immunoreactivity. It was established that SKENAR-therapy of chronic endometritis promotes early normalization of adaptive reactions in comparison to conventional methods of treatment. Conclusion. Rehabilitation treatment of chronic endometritis in combination with electro-impulse therapy with high-amplitude short-wavelength low-frequency electrical signals contributes to the recovery of immunoreactivity and to the formation of favorable adaptation reactions.
Characteristics of the clinical forms and optimization of treatment of dacryocystitis in the newborns
Authors: Galeeva G Z , Samoylov A N , Musina L T , Russkikh E I
Published: November 2019

Aim. To optimize the treatment of dacryocystitis in the newborns, to reduce the frequency of recurrent nasolacrimal duct catheterization. Methods. Examined were 207 children suffering from catarrhal (the first group - 57 children, 73 affected eyes), purulent (the second group - 139 children, 158 eyes) and phlegmonous (the third group - 11 children, 12 eyes) dacryocystitis. A control group was also formed - 12 children without inflammatory eye diseases. Conducted was a clinical examination, determined was the lysozyme activity of the tears, analyzed was the effectiveness of medicinal and surgical treatment, and conducted was a microbiological investigation with the study of sensitivity of the pathogenic microorganisms to antibacterial drugs. Results. In catarrhal dacryocystitis of the newborns identified were seven species of microorganisms, most commonly found were S. epidermidis (more than 50%) and S. aureus (12.4%), in 19.2% of cases no pathogen was identified. The etiology of purulent dacryocystitis was more diverse - 23 species of pathogens, the leading pathogens were S. aureus (15.2%), S. pneumoniae and S. epidermidis (13.9% each), E. faecium (8.2%). In the phlegmonous form of the disease revealed were 4 types of pathogens, most commonly S. epidermidis (45.5%) and S. aureus (27.2%). In 9.1% of cases no pathogen was identified. The causative agents of catarrhal and purulent dacryocystitis of the newborns showed the greatest sensitivity to pikloxydine (100% and 93.3%), chloramphenicol (86.7% and 79.7%) and ciprofloxacin (87.0% and 72.2%). Revealed was the reduction of lysozyme activity of the tears both in the affected and in the unaffected eyes of children with dacryocystitis. During the analysis of the results of surgical treatment the frequency of relapses in the first group (catarrhal dacryocystitis of the newborns) was 8.3%, while in the second group (purulent dacryocystitis) it was significantly higher - 13.7%. Conclusion. In order to reduce the frequency of relapses conservative treatment should be conducted with respect to the microbial etiology, forms of the disease, and sensitivity of pathogens to antimicrobial agents before catheterization of the nasolacrimal duct.
Peculiarities of the functional state of external respiration of primary school children during adaptation to different efforts
Authors: Zayneev M M , Ziyatdinova N I , Zefirov T L
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the peculiarities of external respiratory functioning in boys of 8, 9 and 10 years in various periods of the academic year at rest, after a dosed dynamic and static loads. Methods. Examined were 38 practically healthy boys with an average level of physical development. Observation was conducted in three age groups of boys: 8, 9 and 10 years. The functional state of the respiratory system was assessed by the magnitude of lung volumes and ventilation parameters. The test with an isometric load was performed in a sitting position by squeezing a dynamometer in the left hand with a force equal to 50% of the maximal effort produced within 1 min. Results. In the 8-year-old boys noted was the tension of the functional state of the respiratory system at the beginning of the academic year. By the year of the end, the static load causes a decrease of the reserves of external respiration and static lung volumes, and an increase of the frequency component. In the 9-year-old boys at all study periods the static load leads to less favorable shifts in the respiration parameters in comparison with the dynamic load. In the 10-year-old boys at the beginning of the academic year both types of loads lead to adverse shifts of the parameters of external respiration, by the middle of the year adaptive capacities of the respiratory system become optimized. Conclusion. Local static load causes adverse shifts in the respiratory system of the primary school children, accompanied by a decrease in efficiency of the ventilation function of the lungs and by adverse reaction of the parameters of biomechanics.
Prevention of health losses in adolescents with phenotypic manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Ivanova E A , Plotnikova O V , Glotov A V , Demchenko V G
Published: November 2019

Aim. Develop a program to prevent health losses in adolescents with connective tissue dysplasia. Methods. Analyzed was the clinical data of 241 adolescents for the period 2006-2009, 113 adolescents formed the main group, 128 - the control group. The statistical rules and standards for determining the grouping signs and group boundaries on the basis of phenotypic and visceral traits of connective tissue dysplasia were taken into consideration. Results. The proposed program for prophylaxis of health loss provides the following stages: informational, analytical, and organizational-executive with an educational component along with curative and preventive measures. The proposed program of prophylaxis provides complete information on the health status of adolescents with connective tissue dysplasia, promotes the reduction of the frequency of progression of signs of dysplasia. Conclusion. The program provides an opportunity to optimize the existing approaches to identifying and assessing factors that influence health, and promote more efficient use of the available resources in the education and healthcare systems.
Activity of antioxidant enzymes and processes of free radical oxidation in experimental hypothyroidism and correction of thyroid shifts with iodized polysaccharide complexes
Authors: Kamilov F Kh , Mamtsev A N , Kozlov V N , Abdullina G M , Lobyreva O V
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver tissue on the background of thiamazole hypothyroidism, and also after its correction with iodine-containing organo-mineral complexes. Methods. Studies were conducted on rats, which were divided into four groups: the first group - the control, in animals of the second, third and fourth groups hypothyroidism was induced by daily intragastric administration of thiamazole at a dose 2.5 mg per 100 g body weight for the duration of 3 weeks. Beginning from the 22-day of the experiment the animals of the fourth group for the duration of a month received a biologically active additive in a dose that provides the daily requirement of iodine in rats, while the animals of the third group were on the standard diet of the vivarium. The activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was determined using a set of reagents «RANSOD Randox» manufactured by «Laboratories Ltd.», the catalase activity was determined by the method of M.A. Korolyuk. Results. Experimental hypothyroidism in rats was characterized by a decrease in the concentrations of free thyroxine, an increase in the content of total triiodothyronine and thyroid-stimulating hormone. In animals treated with tiamazol, the superoxide dismutase activity was 85.6% of the activity level of the control animals, glutathione activity - 77.3% of the level of intact animals. The catalase activity in hypothyroidism decreased significantly - down to 40% of the control level (p ≤0.001). In the liver homogenate of rats, treated for 1 month with «iodine biopolymer» after hypothyroidism induction, the superoxide dismutase activity almost reached the control values and accounted for 95.5% of the activity of intact animals. The activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, was even slightly higher than the control values, reaching 115.6 and 112.7% of levels of activity in the control group, respectively (p ≤0,05). At the same time in the animals, which were on a standard diet, the activity of the studied enzymes remained below the control values, with the catalase activity - significantly lower (49.9% of the control, p ≤0,001). Conclusion. The introduction of an iodine-containing biologically active compound on the background of hypothyroidism made it possible to restore the activity of thyroid-dependant antioxidant enzymes, to normalize the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system and to inhibit the processes of lipid peroxidation in the liver the of animals.
Mechanisms of development of alcohol-dependant osteoporosis
Authors: Goryachev D N , Mukhamedzhanova L R
Published: November 2019

Presented were the current published data on the mutual influence of different factors on the initiation and progression of disorders of formation of the bone organic matrix and its mineralization during chronic ethanol intoxication. Emphasized was the role of the toxic effect of ethanol on the osteoblastic cells, which is expressed in the increasing viscosity of the cytoplasm, disruption of the architectonics of the cytoplasmic membrane, disorganization of the polyribosomal complexes and reduction of the collagen synthesis functions. Established was the role of immune pathology, which included the formation of antibodies to a number of autogenous tissues. Found were antibodies to collagen type I, which was modified by acetaldehyde and possessed cytotoxicity. In patients with alcohol dependence noted was an increase in the concentration of interleukin-6, which stimulates the early stages of hematopoiesis and osteoclastogenesis. The mechanism of development of alcohol-dependant osteoporosis is understood as a cascade of related processes, which are linked in the circulus vitiosus. Only the initial stages of this cascade have certain specificity. The morphological consequences are mostly similar and do not differ from those of other forms of secondary systemic osteoporosis, however give the characteristic features to the clinical course.
Essential issues of organization of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service
Authors: Davydova V R , Khuzikhanov F V
Published: November 2019

Рresented was the current state of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service. Identified were the key performance indicators, which affect the quality and efficiency of the service at the present stage of healthcare reformation. Discussed was the question of developing standards of care in the field of intensive care.
The history of organization of care for psychiatric patients in Kazan and in Kazan province from the establishment and to the end of the XIX century
Authors: Mendelevich D M , Sozinov A S , Morozova E V
Published: November 2019

Present was the historical data, dedicated to the establishment of psychiatric care in Kazan province.
Clinical and microbiologic evaluation of current treatments for bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Gamzaev M A , Novruzov E M
Published: November 2019

Aim. To circle out the population at risk for bacterial vaginosis, and to evaluate the effect of the most promising treatments for this disease. Methods. 298 women, including 143 pregnant women, aged 18 to 45 years, with abnormal discharge from the genital tract underwent clinical, microbiologic, and gynecologic examination and were questioned about the history of the disease. The results were compared with 34 healthy controls. Vaginal swabs were taken and stained by Gram, microorganisms and key cells were calculated at microscopy, vaginal pH was measured. The tests were repeated at 1 and 6-7 months after treatment. Results. The effect of metronidazole (500 mg vaginal suppository twice daily for 5 days) was 75.3±4.9%, of chlorhexidine (16 mg vaginal suppository twice daily for 5 days) - 89.4±3.8% (р 0.05). Relapses at 6-7 months after treatment were registered in 22.1±4.8 and 7.6±3.3% of pregnant patients (р 0.02). Conclusion. Local use of metronidazole and chlorhexidine in patients with bacterial vaginosis is highly effective, has no serious side effects (including in pregnant patients) and leads to constant vaginal microbiota normalization.
Retrograde biliary stenting in patients with pancreatobiliary diseases
Authors: Sayfutdinov I M , Slavin L E , Galimzianov A F , Zimagulov R T
Published: November 2019

Aim. To evaluate the results of retrograde biliary stenting in patients with pancreatobiliary diseases. Methods. In 2008-2012, 85 retrograde biliary stenting procedures were performed in 65 patients (28 men and 37 women) with pancreatobiliary diseases aged 33 to 86 years. Obstructive jaundice was diagnosed in 44 of 65 patients (in 67% of cases), ascending cholangitis - in 14 (21%) patients. Endoscopic biliary stenting was performed in 47 patients with benign pancreatobiliary diseases (chronic and post-surgical pancreatitis, benign common bile duct stricture, Mirizzi syndrome, intradiverticular papilla, common bile duct bile stones) and in 18 patients with malignancies (cancers of pancreas head, bile ducts and papillary cancer). Plastic biliary stents with a (diameter 2.5 to 3.3 mm) were used for stenting. Results. Endoscopic biliary stenting allows to resolve the clinical manifestations of оbstructive jaundice and cholangitis, to eliminate pain, to prevent the development of pancreatitis, to prepare patients for surgery. Serious complications of biliary stenting (stent migration in common bile duct, acute cholangitis) were observed in 5 of 85 procedures (5.9% of cases), and all were resolved after repeated endoscopic intervention. Conclusion. Endoscopic retrograde biliary stenting is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with both benign and malignant pancreatobiliary diseases, it is characterized by low rate of specific complications (5.8%) and had reduced the risk of acute pancreatitis in patients with papillostenosis and stricture of the common bile duct terminal part down to 3%.
A comparative study of the new xylarate germanium (IV) complexe with lithium (xygerm-1), lithium chloride and valproic acid to the amphetamine-enhanced self-stimulation reactions in rats
Authors: Varbanets E I , Godovan V V , Shandra A A , Kaschenko O A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To estimate the effect of novel lythium bis(µ-xylarato)dihydrogermanate (IV) (Xygerm-1) on reinforcing properties of the lateral hypothalamus self-stimulation in rats compared to the reference drugs (lithium chloride and valproic acid) in rats with amphetamine-induced self-stimulation. Methods. To form a model of the brain self-stimulation, nichrome monopolar electrodes were implanted bilaterally in the lateral hypothalamic nucleus, followed by morphological control, and 7-10 days after the operation, the rats were trained to press a pedal for electrical stimulation of the brain. The effects of self-stimulation were assessed by analyzing the maximum rate of pedal pressing and the self-stimulation threshold. Study of the test compounds effects had been started when average self-stimulation threshold values varied by less than 10% for three consecutive sessions of the brain self-stimulation. Xygerm-1 (300-1800 mg/kg), valproic acid (30-300 mg/kg) and lithium chloride (25-200 mg/kg) were introduced as intraperitoneal injections to animals of the corresponding study groups (6 rats each). At the next stage of the experiment, effects of Xygerm-1, lithium chloride and valproic acid on amphetamine-induced (dose 0.5 mg/kg) brain self-stimulation reaction increase were studied at the same animal groups. Results. At the first stage of the experiment Xygerm-1 (1200 and 1800 mg/kg), lithium chloride (100 and 200 mg/kg) and valproic acid (300 mg/kg) had significantly increased self-stimulation threshold. High doses of Xygerm-1 and lithium chloride (1800 and 200 mg/kg correspondingly) had relevantly decreased the average self-stimulation rate. There was also a tendency for the average self-stimulation rate to decrease in animals administered valproic acid, though, not statistically significant. The use of Xygerm-1 and lithium chloride induced the dose-dependant self-stimulation threshold increase, decreased by the use of amphetamine sulfate. Rather high doses of Xygerm-1 and lithium chloride (1800 and 100 mg/kg correspondingly) had also blocked amphetamine-induced increase in pedal pressing rate. Studied doses of valproic acid did not altered the amphetamine-induced brain self-stimulation reaction increase. Conclusion. The novel compound bis(µ-xylarato)dihydrogermanate (IV) has a strong influence on behavior, in particular on the brain reward systems, which is similar to the action of lithium chloride and differs from the effect of valproic acid.
Diagnostic value of natriuretic peptides in pediatrics
Authors: Saidova V T
Published: November 2019

Natriuretic peptide hormones are the family of vasoactive substanses produced by cardiomyocytes in response to the expansion and increased pressure in the heart chambers. The review of the literature focuses on the diagnostic role of natriuretic peptides in pediatrics. The most important clinical effects of natriuretic peptides, brief history of their discovery and studying, age-related changes of serum levels are analyzed. Data of their use in the diagnosis and cardiac function monitoring in various forms of cardiomyopathy, myocardial inflammatory diseases, Kawasaki disease in children are presented. The results of studies examining the natriuretic peptides levels in children with congenital heart defects and heart transplantation in pre-and postoperative period are reviewed. The review involved the diagnostic use of natriuretic peptides in neonates, including high pulmonary hypertension and hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis in preterm infants. The possibility of the natriuretic peptides use for assessing the cardiotoxic complications risk in anti-tumor chemotherapy and for differential diagnosis of acute dyspnea due to heart failure or pulmonary diseases are discussed.
Health of the migrants as a social problem
Authors: Kuznetsova I B , Mukharyamova L M , Vafina G G
Published: November 2019

An analysis of law and enactments, mass-media publications, statistics and healthcare institutions documents, interviews with experts and diasporas leaders was performed to assess the contemporary international and Russian approaches to migrants health and to reveal the features of healthcare services provided for migrants in the Republic of Tatarstan. A social risk connected to migrants health is associated with increase of number of migrant workers with ailments, returning to their communities for treatment and rehabilitation. In societies receiving migrant workers there is an increase of socially dangerous diseases spreading risk due to low immunity, poor nutrition and sanitary life conditions, cultural distress and social isolation. The governmental policy of healthcare and medical services provided for migrants diverges in different countries between a right for free medical care and curtail of such right. «One window» medical examination method provided for migrants in the Republic of Tatarstan shows its effectiveness in decreasing risk and improving the sanitary and epidemiologic situation among this particular community and the whole society. It is concluded that continuous interaction with public, consideration of migrants’ health status and needs, embedding the problem on regional and federal levels should be an important aspects of providing accessible health care for migrants.
Medical and managerial aspects of labor migration by the example of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Valieva A Z
Published: November 2019

Aim. To define the steps for improving the medical aid availability for labor migrants basing on the migration environment of the Republic of Tatarstan assessment, review of legislative acts and results of own research. Methods. Legislative acts and subordinate legislative acts regulating the medical aid and medical care for labor migrants were studied. Annual statistical forms of the Federal Migration Service of RT and 400 standard questionnaires filled by labor migrants covering social-demographic questions, health care and health assessment in 2007-2010 in three cities of the Republic of Tatarstan were analyzed. Results. The number of labor migrants in the Republic of Tatarstan is growing and the scope of their activities is expanding. However, of medical care coverage remains low: 14-28.3% of registered migrants, although potentially dangerous communicable diseases were found in 2.0-2.97% of cases. Questioning of 400 labor migrants in three cities of the republic determined that 55-69% of the respondents do not have an access to health care facilities. There is a number of outstanding issues that requires legislation initiatives to improve the regulatory framework, to improve the coverage and to expand the medical examinations list necessary for labor migrants registration, to improve medical aid and to create an insurance system for labor migrants. Conclusion. Results of the research indicate the need for further study of medical and managerial aspects of labor migration and the relevance of improving the legislative framework to improve access to medical aid for labor migrants.
Diagnosis and treatment of acute bowel obstruction
Authors: Khadjibaev A M , Khadjimukhamedova N A , Khadjibaev F A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To improve treatment outcomes in patients with acute bowel obstruction. Methods. 1479 patients with bowel obstruction (75.7% - small bowel obstruction, 24.3% - large bowel obstruction) were examined. Patients were treated according to the local treatment protocol, 1003 (68%) patients underwent surgery. Results. The following procedures were performed at the stage of bowel obstruction diagnosis and treatment: conventional adhesiolysis was performed in 425 cases, laparoscopic adhesiolysis - in 425 cases, small bowel resection with further anastomosis - in 151 cases, small bowel resection with ileostomy - in 15 cases, phytobezoar fragmenting - in 56 cases, enterotomy and phytobezoar removal - in 2 cases. In patients with large bowel obstruction the following procedures were performed: large bowel segmental resection with further anastomosis - in 38 cases, large bowel segmental resection with colostomy - in 38 cases, large bowel partial resection with colostomy - in 54 cases, right hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis - in 43 cases, left hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis - in 58 cases, manual intussusception reduction - in 65 cases, side anastomosis - in 31 cases. In 69 cases of bowel obstruction primary anastomosis was performed using the metal ring frame. Conclusion. To reduce the rate of complications, the need for the surgery should be diagnosed as soon as possible, coagulopathies should be compensated, and surgery tactics should be defined, including the primary anastomosis formation.
Medical and statistical mortality features in urban elderly population of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Akhunova E R , Abrosimova M Y
Published: November 2019

Aim. To analyze the change over time in the mortality level, mortality reasons and age and sex related features in urban population of elderly (elder than 60 years) people in 2001-2010 using the data of Republican medical informational and analytical centre of the Healthcare Ministry of the Republic of Tatarstan. Methods. Logical and systemic analysis, statistical grouping, comparative method were used. Results. During the studied period, men had 1.5 times higher level of mortality compared to women. There was an 4.7% increase in overall mortality rate (males - 4.6%, females - 5.1%). The leading reason for death were cardiovascular diseases, with malignancies and external factors on the second and third place. Since 2008, respiratopy diseases had occupied the third position for the leading reasons for death in men, gastrointestinal diseases - in women. The increase in overall mortality rate was due to people over 80 years, there was a reliable trend for mortality rate reduction in other groups. The mortality associated with gastrointestinal diseases has increased. Conclusion. The observed mortality trends require to draw a special attention to the problems of the oldest population; more detailed analysis, detection of the exact reasons and efforts to decrease the mortality associated with gastrointestinal (in men) and respiratory (in women) diseases are the principal tasks.
Quality of life in disabled patients with the diseases of limbs depending on individual psychological traits
Authors: Biktimirova F M , Nichiporenko N P , Aukhadeev E I
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the quality of life, characteristic traits and emotional features in disabled patients with functional and structural damage of limbs. Methods. Disabled patients with functional and structural damage of limbs who addressed to the center of prosthesis and ortopedy for limb prosthesis were studied. 318 patients (males - 267 (83.3%), females - 51 (16.7%), aged 18 to 66 years) with limb stumps (including congenital limb defects) who addressed to the centre since 2008 to 2010 were randomly picked out to be included in the trial. The complex study of the following context factors included in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: quality of life, individual psychological traits, emotional sphere and motivation, social, cultural and nature environment. Patients were divided into 5 groups: aged 19 to 29 years, 30 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, over 60 years of age. Results. In the group of patients aged 19 to 29 years, the most intimately related to the quality of life were: situational anxiety and pedantic types demonstrative and of accentuated personality. In the group of patients aged 30 to 39 years the limitations due to amputations increased the influence on depression formation. In the group of patients aged 40 to 49 years the conjugacy of patients’ emotional and personal traits with the quality of life strengthened. Meanwhile, the influence of depression on patients’ quality of life and personality increased. n the group of patients aged 50 to 99 years the most influential was the triad of situational anxiety, personal anxiety and depression. In patients over 60 years of age quality of life was strongly related to patient’s psychologic and emotional condition, especially with situational anxiety. Conclusion. Different age groups of the patients who underwent a limb amputation, need an individualized and specialized rehabilitation programs, considering the interrelation between emotional, individual and psychological personal traits and parameters of quality of life.
Influence of anesthesia type on the wound healing after inguinal hernia surgeries
Authors: Slavin L E , Aliullova R R , Borisova I U , Chugunov A N
Published: November 2019

Aim. To estimate the influence of anesthesia type on the inguinal hernia rate surgery complication rate, considering the hernia type. Methods. 276 patients aged 35-65 years treated for inguinal hernia (history of hernia from 3 months to 3 years) from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed. The surgery was performed using local anesthesia in 146 patients (first group) and using epidural anesthesia in 102 patients (second group); 28 patients underwent surgery using general anesthesia (third group). A combination of 4 mL 10% lidocaine, 20 mL of 7.5 mg/mL ropivacaine solution and 60 mL 0.9% saline were used for local anesthesia in patients of the first group. 2% solutions of lidocaine and ropivacaine were used for epidural or spinal anesthesia in patients of the second group. Results. Mean surgery duration was shortest at the first group - 50.5±1.2 min. Mean surgery duration at the second group was 73.2±2.2 min, 61.8±5.0 min - at the third group (р1,2 0.001, р1,3=0.003, р2,3=0.017). Mean activation terms were 4.2±0,1 hours for the patients of the first group (local anesthesia), 20.3±0.2 hours - for the patients of the second group (epidural anesthesia), 10.5±0.2 hours - for the patients of the second group (general anesthesia). Postoperative pain measured by visual analogue scale occurred at significantly shorter terms after the surgery and was more intense for the first 3 days in patients of the first group. The pain intensity elevated gradually in patients of the first group starting from the second day after the surgery, pain lasted significantly in the second and third group patients compared to the first group. Complications were registered in 15 (10.3%) of the first group patients, in 12 (11.8%) of the second group patients and in 5 (17.9%) of the third group patients (р1,2=0.836; р1,3=0.237; р2,3=0.525). Conclusion. A combination of analgesics solutions based on their pharmacologic features and two-phase vasoactivity ability has shown good analgesic effect at local anesthesia. The type of anesthesia determines the duration of surgery and the rate of post-surgical complications as a consequence.
Prevention of large and giant postoperative ventral hernia prosthetic hernioplasty postoperative complications
Authors: Alishev O T , Shaimardanov R S , Makhmutova Y R
Published: November 2019

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of regional prolonged irrigation with ropivacaine ozonated solution at large and giant postoperative ventral hernia prosthetic hernioplasty. Methods. 77 patients who underwent a planned surgery for large and giant postoperative ventral hernia from 2010 to 2012 were examined. All patients were distributed to two groups. The main group included 26 patients in whom a polyvinyl chloride catheter was installed in periprosthetic tissue for the wound irrigation using anesthetic (ropivacaine) ozonated solution for regional prolonged anesthesia and wound complications prevention as well as for preoperative preparation and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring for abdominal compression syndrome prevention using the technique developed by authors. The comparison group consisted of 51 patients in whom prevention of wound complications was carried out conventionally, and who received narcotic analgesics. Ultrasonography of postoperative wound area was used for local inflammation intensity assessment. Pain was assessed using numeric visual analogue scale in both groups. Results. 4 (15.4%) patients of the main group developed subcutaneous tissue seroma at the 5-6th day. In comparison group wound complications were registered in 15 (29.4%) patients, including 11 cases of seromas, 2 cases of suppurative inflammation, 1 case of ischemic necrosis of the wound edges, and also an isolated case of limphorrhea which occurred on the first day. The observations showed that the average pain level among patients of the main group was 3.8±0.4 points, compared to the control group - 5.3±0.4 points. Conclusion. Periprosthetic irrigation with ropivacaine ozonated solution provides adequate anesthesia, reduces the number of wound complications and promotes early rehabilitation.
Statherin saliva levels in patients with dental caries
Authors: Yavgil’dina D A , Saleev R A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To examine the influence of statherin on the rate of dental diseases and to determine the concentration of salivary staterin in patients with dental caries. Methods. The study recruited 134 persons, including 54 patients with dental caries and its complications (experimental group) and 80 healthy volunteers (control group). Pateints’ mean age ranged from 18 to 42 years. A comprehensive dental examination of all subjects was carried out, hygiene indexes were defined, complete dental history was gathered. Whole unstimulated saliva was examined. Statherin saliva level was determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay test. To study the relationship between statherin saliva level and studied dental clinical features (amount of teeth with caries, sealed and extracted teeth, age, hygiene indices, eating and smoking habits, xerostomia), Spearman nonparametric rank correlation test was used. Results. Statherin saliva level was higher in patients with dental caries and its complications compared to healthy controls. Mean saliva statherin concentration was Me=6.1 [2.5, 18.4] mmol/l in patients with caries compared to Me=3.5 [2.9, 7.3] mmol/l in control group. There was no statistically significant differences of saliva staterin concentrations between men and women in both groups. Oral hygiene (as defined by simplified oral hygiene index), food consumption (right after a meal or 4 hours after a meal), bad habits (smoking) had no effect on statherin concentrations in saliva. Conclusions. Statherin saliva levels are indicative of the diseases of the oral cavity.