bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial to Verify the Efficacy and Safety of Ansofaxine (LY03005) for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Mi Weifeng , Di Xiaolan , wang Yiming , Li Huafang , Xu Xiufeng , Li Lehua , Wang Hua-Ning , Wang Guoqiang , Zhang Kerang , Tian Feng , Luo Jiong , yang chanjuan , Zhou Yunfei , Xie Shiping , Zhong Hua , Wu Bin , Yang Dong , Chen Zhenhua , Li Yi , Chen Jindong , Lv Shuyun , Yi Qizhong , Jiang Zhiwei , Tian Jingwei
Published: October 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent form of depression and is becoming a great challenge for public health and medical practice. Although first-line antidepressants offer therapeutic benefit, about 35% of depressed patients are not adequately treated, creating a substantial unmet medical need. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial was conducted in patients with MDD in China to assess the efficacy and safety of ansofaxine (LY03005), a potential triple reuptake inhibitor of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. Eligible 588 MDD patients were included and randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 8-week treatment with ansofaxine 80 mg/day(n=187), ansofaxine 160 mg/day(n=186), or placebo(n=185). The primary efficacy endpoint was the MADRS total score change from baseline to the end of the study. Safety indexes included adverse events, vital signs, physical examinations, laboratory tests, 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) and evaluation of suicide tendency and sexual function.Significant differences were found in mean changes in MADRS total scores at week 8 in the two ansofaxine groups (80 mg, -20.0; 160 mg, -19.9) vs. placebo (-14.6; p <0.0001). All doses of ansofaxine were generally well-tolerated. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported by 137 (74.46%) patients in ansofaxine 80 mg group, 144 (78.26%) patients in ansofaxine 160 mg and 125 (67.93%) patients in placebo group. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were 59.2% (109 patients), 65.22% (120 patients) in the 80, 160 mg ansofaxine groups and 45.11% (83 patients) in the placebo group. The initial results of this trial indicate that ansofaxine (80, 160 mg per day) was effective and safe in the treatment of adult MDD patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Idenifier:NCT04853407.
Sorting-free Hill-based stability analysis of periodic solutions through Koopman analysis
Authors: Bayer Fabia , Leine Remco I.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we aim to study nonlinear time-periodic systems using the Koopman operator, which provides a way to approximate the dynamics of a nonlinear system by a linear time-invariant system of higher order. We propose for the considered system class a specific choice of Koopman basis functions combining the Taylor and Fourier bases. This basis allows to recover all equations necessary to perform the Harmonic Balance Method as well as the Hill analysis directly from the linear lifted dynamics. The key idea of this paper is using this lifted dynamics to formulate a new method to obtain stability information from the Hill matrix. The error-prone and computationally intense task known by sorting, which means identifying the best subset of approximate Floquet exponents from all available candidates, is circumvented in the proposed method. The Mathieu equation and an n-DOF generalization are used to exemplify these findings.
A single-center, open-label trial on convenience and complications of rechargeable implantable pulse generators for spinal cord stimulation: The Recharge Pain Trial
Authors: Hajiabadi Mohammad Mehdi , Vicheva Petya , Unterberg Andreas , Ahmadi Rezvan , Jakobs Martin
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Rechargeable implantable pulse generators (r-IPGs) have been available for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) claiming to offer a longer service life but demanding continuous monitoring and regular recharging by the patients. The aim of the study (DRKS00021281; Apr 7th, 2020)of was to assess the convenience, safety, and acceptance of r-IPGs and their effect on patient lives under long-term therapy.
Materials & Methods: Standardized questionnaires were sent to all chronic pain patients with a r-IPG at the time of trial. Primary endpoint was the overall convenience of the charging process on an ordinal scale from "very hard" (1 point) to "very easy" (5 points). Secondary endpoints were charge burden (minutes/week), rates of user confidence and complications (failed recharges, interruptions of therapy). Endpoints were analyzed for several subgroups.
Results: n=40 data sets (42% return rate) were eligible for analysis. Patient age was 57.2 ± 12.6 (mean ± standard deviation) years with the r-IPG being implanted for 52.1 ± 32.6 months. The overall convenience of recharging was evaluated as "easy" (4 points). The charge burden was 112.7 ± 139 min/week. 92% of the patients felt confident recharging the neurostimulator. 37.5% of patients reported failed recharges. 28.9% of patients experienced unintended interruptions of stimulation. Subgroup analysis only showed a significant impact on overall convenience for different models of stimulators (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Overall, SCS patients feel confident handling a r-IPG at high rates of convenience and acceptable effort despite high rates of usage-related complications. Further technical improvements for r-IPGs are needed.
Detecting Cybercrime: An Evaluation of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Using Natural Language Processing Techniques on the Social Network
Authors: Amer Abdullah , Siddiqui Tamanna , Athamena Belkacem
Published: October 2022

The widespread use of online social networks has culminated in across-the-board social communication among users, resulting in a considerable amount of user-generated contact data. Cybercrime has become a significant issue in recent years with the rise of online communication and social network. Cybercrime has lately been identified as a severe national psychological concern among platform users, and building a reliable detection model is crucial. Cyberbullying is the phrase used to describe such online harassment, insults, and attacks. It has become challenging to identify such unauthorized content due to the massive number of user-generated content. Because deep neural networks have various advantages over conventional machine learning approaches, researchers are turning to them more frequently to identify cyberbullying. Deep learning and machine learning have several uses in text classification. This article suggested the novel neural network model through parameters of an algorithmic and optimization comparative analysis of nine category approaches, four neural networks, and five machine learning, in two scenarios with real-world datasets of cyberbullying. Moreover, this work also analyzes the impact of word embedding and feature extraction techniques based on text mining and NLP on algorithms' performances. We performed extensive experiments on the two scenarios with a split dataset to demonstrate the merit of this research, comparing nine classification approaches through five feature extraction techniques. Our proposed cybercriminal detection model using neural networks, deep learning, and machine learning outperforms the existing state-of-the-art method of cybercriminal detection in terms of accuracy achieving higher performance.
The integrability, equivalence and solutions of two kinds of integrable deformed fourth-order matrix NLS equations
Authors: Yao Yuqin , Zhou Hui , Li Fei
Published: October 2022

Based on the higher-order restricted flows, the first type of integrable deformed fourth-order matrix NLS equations, that is the fourth-order matrix NLS equations with self-consistent sources (FMNLSSCS) is derived. By virtue of the dbar-dressing method, the second type of integrable deformed fourth-order matrix NLS equations called the fourth-order matrix NLS-Maxwell-Bloch system (FMNLS-MB) is presented. We prove the equivalence of the FMNLSSCS and the FMNLS-MB successfully. Furthermore, N-soliton solutions are explicitly obtained by means of the Cauchy matrix method starting from corresponding Sylvester equation.
Timing of surgery for proximal humeral fracture treated with shoulder hemiarthroplasty, best results with surgery within 2 weeks
Authors: Demir Yilmaz , Vuorinen Alma , Gordon Max , Nordqvist Anders , Salomonsson Björn
Published: October 2022

Background
Preoperative delay may affect the outcome of proximal humerus fractures treated with shoulder hemiarthroplasty. There is currently no consensus for the recommended preoperative time interval.
The aim was to examine how the time to surgery with shoulder hemiarthroplasty after a proximal humerus fracture affected patient-reported outcome.
Methods
380 patients with proximal humerus fractures treated with shoulder hemiarthroplasty recorded from the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Registry were included. Three self-reporting outcome instruments were used at follow-up after 1-5 years: a shoulder specific score, the Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder index (WOOS), the EuroQol health status component (EQ-5D-index) and subjective patient satisfaction assessment.
Results
Preoperative delay had a negative impact on the WOOS, EQ-5D and patient satisfaction scores (p < 0.01). The best result, measured with WOOS at minimum 1-year follow-up, was found when surgery was performed 6-10 days after the reported date of fracture. A delay of more than 10 days was shown be correlated with poorer outcomes.
Conclusions
The current recommendation in Sweden to perform shoulder hemiarthroplasty within two weeks after sustaining a proximal humerus fracture is considered valid.
Structural covariance network of the hippocampus-amygdala complex in medication-naïve patients with first-episode major depressive disorder
Authors: Zhang Lianqing , Hu Xinyue , Tang Mengyue , Hui Qiu , Zhu Ziyu , Hu Yongbo , Gao Yingxue , Li Hailong , Kuang Weihong , Gong Qiyong , Huang Xiaoqi
Published: October 2022

Background
The hippocampus and amygdala are densely interconnected structures that work together in multiple affective and cognitive processes that are important to the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Each of these structures consists of several heterogeneous subfields. We aim to explore the topologic properties of the volume-based intrinsic network within the hippocampus-amygdala complex in medication-naïve patients with first-episode MDD.
Methods
High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 123 first-episode, medication-naïve and non-comorbid MDD patients and 81 age-, sex- and education level -matched healthy controls (HCs). The structural covariance network (SCN) was constructed for each group using the volumes of the hippocampal subfields and amygdala subregions; the weights of the edges were defined by the partial correlation coefficients between each pair of subfields/subregions, controlled for age, sex, education level and intracranial volume. The global and nodal graph metrics were calculated and compared between groups.
Results
Compared with HCs, the SCN within the hippocampus-amygdala complex in patients with MDD showed a shortened mean characteristic path length, reduced modularity, and reduced small-worldness index. At the nodal level, the left hippocampal tail showed increased measures of centrality, segregation and integration, while nodes in the left amygdala showed decreased measures of centrality, segregation and integration in patients with MDD compared with HCs.
Conclusion
Our results provide the first evidence of atypical SCN within the hippocampus-amygdala complex in patients with MDD, suggesting a potentially disrupted feedback or/and feedforward systems between the hippocampus and amygdala that underlying dysregulated emotional memory process in MDD.
Prevalence and Predictors of Birth Asphyxia Among Neonates in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Parvin Sonia , BakiBillah Abul Hasan , Hasan Istiaque , Chowdhury ABM Alauddin
Published: October 2022

Birth asphyxia is a severe clinical problem worldwide that contributes to neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of birth asphyxia and its associated risk factors among neonates attending in a selected Bangladeshi tertiary level public hospital. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, from January to December 2019. A systematic sampling technique was selected for the study sample. Data were collected by conducting a face-to-face interview with the selected respondents. The validated APGAR score measured neonates’ health status. Among the 377 neonates, 11.93% had birth asphyxia.This study found a significant association (p = 0.039) between neonate’s health/asphyxia status and the young age (15 to 20 years) of mothers. In addition, term period (p = 0.03), low birth weight (p = 0.007), Caesarean section ((C-section) (p = 0.017)), abortion and prolonged labor duration (> 12 hours) were strongly associated with birth asphyxia in neonates. The study concludes that the young age of mothers, term period, low birth weight, C-section delivery, abortion, and longer labor duration were significantly associated with the birth asphyxia. It is recommended to raise extensive awareness among the husbands and other family members. Notably, parental training bears a pivotal role to play in maintaining and restoring maternal as well as neonatal health.
Difference in the emergency care provided to women who have suffered sexual violence, according to skin color: a cross-sectional retrospective study
Authors: Costa Evaldo Lima da , de Pádua Karla Simônia , Faúndes Anibal , Nunes Rui
Published: October 2022

Background: In Brazil, emergency healthcare for victims of sexual aggression should follow guidelines defining treatment, with notification by health centers being mandatory. Conversely, there is solid evidence that skin color or racial discrimination has led to significant social inequalities in health throughout the country. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of care provided to female victims of sexual aggression seen in public hospitals in the Federal District of Brasília, Brazil according to the victim’s self-reported skin color.
Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective study evaluated the care provided to female victims of sexual violence seen at a public hospital within the State Health Department network in the Federal District of Brasília. The data analyzed were retrieved from the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency database, which contains the compulsory notification records registered at all healthcare services in the country. The study included 2,256 females of 1-79 years of age who received care at one of these hospitals between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2016 following sexual aggression. The four types of treatment recommended for women who suffer sexual violence were taken into consideration: prophylactic treatment against human immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted and hepatitis B infections, and emergency contraception. The independent variable was the victim’s ethnicity/skin color.
Results: Overall, 50.4% of the women in the sample self-reported as being of mixed race or brown skinned, 37.4% as white and 12.2% as black. The percentage of white women who received any of the four components of emergency care following sexual violence was always higher than the percentage of brown- or black-skinned women receiving the same component. The differences between white and brown-skinned or black women were always much greater than the differences between brown-skinned and black women.
Conclusions: The quality of emergency care provided following sexual aggression was poorer in the case of black or brown-skinned women compared to white women. The data from the present study may contribute towards improving the quality of the emergency care provided to all women and adolescents who suffer sexual violence irrespective of their skin color, thus eliminating the discrimination identified here.
Domains of scale in cumulative effects of energy sector development on boreal birds
Authors: Crosby Andrew D. , Leston Lionel , Bayne Erin M. , Sólymos Péter , Mahon C. Lisa , Toms Judith D. , Docherty Teegan D.S. , Song Samantha
Published: October 2022

Context: Industrial development in Canada’s boreal forest creates cumulative environmental effects on biodiversity. Some effects may be scale-dependent, creating uncertainty in understanding and hindering effective management.
Objectives: We estimated cumulative effects of energy sector development on distributions of sixteen migratory songbird species at multiple spatial scales within the boreal region of Alberta, Canada, and evaluated evidence for scale domains in species responses.
Methods: We used a hierarchical, multi-scale sampling and modelling framework to compare effects of human footprint on sixteen boreal songbird species at five spatial scales. We used Bayesian Lasso to facilitate direct comparison of parameter estimates across scales, and tested for differences in grouped parameter estimates among species.
Results: We found consistent scale-dependent patterns, showing variable responses to development occurring at the smallest scale, little effect at intermediate scales, and stronger, mainly positive effects at the largest scales. Differences in grouped parameter estimates across scales showed strong evidence for scale domains in the response of songbirds to energy sector development.
Conclusions: Our evidence for domains of scale reflected differences between local scale habitat selection and landscape scale distributional effects. Our analysis provides a sampling and modelling framework for understanding effects of land-use change on biodiversity across multiple spatial scales. We show that limiting cumulative area of disturbance within a given management unit is the most likely path towards conserving avian biodiversity in this region.
Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm classification for predicting lifespan-extending chemical compounds
Authors: Yarmolenko Mariia , Howlin Brendan
Published: October 2022

Human ageing has a great impact on global economy and society’s health with the risk factors for many chronic diseases. Discovery of the pharmaceutical interventions with the potential of promoting longevity and delaying the onset of age-associated diseases is one of the most challenging tasks in anti-ageing research today.
The aim of this study was to build a new machine learning model based on the data of the DrugAge database to predict whether a chemical compound will extend the lifespan of the worm species Caenorhabditis elegans. The predictive models were built using the optimized Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm with molecular fingerprints and molecular descriptors as features. The ranking of the models’ features was done with the built-in Extreme Gradient Boosting feature importance function and interpreted with confidence using Shapley values. The top 15 most important features included 2D molecular descriptors related to the subdivided surface areas, atom and bond counts, and electrostatic properties. The best performing model was applied to predict the class of compounds in the external database, DrugBank, consisting of approved small-molecules. The chemical compounds of the external database with a predictive probability of for increasing the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans were broadly separated into (i) flavonoids and isoflavonoids, (ii) fatty acids and conjugates, and (iii) other classes of compounds.
Low-Tech Passive Solar Design Concepts for reducing Life Cycle GHG Emissions of Buildings - Life Cycle Assessment of Regenerative Design Strategies (2/2)
Authors: Mouton Lise , Trigaux Damien , Allacker Karen , Röck Martin
Published: October 2022

In order to achieve the necessary reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and decarbonization of building construction and operation, both high- and low-tech building design strategies are promoted. Amongst particularly promising strategies are the deployment of energy efficiency measures, for reducing operational energy use and related impacts, as well as the application of low-carbon, bio-based construction materials, for reducing embodied impacts. In part two of our study on the life cycle assessment (LCA) of regenerative design strategies, LCA is applied to investigate the environmental impacts and reduction potentials of strategies at building level by analyzing two low-tech, passive building concepts – the be2226 building and the N11 SolarHouse – in both their original designs as well as optimized alternatives applying bio-based material solutions. The analysis includes three steps. In a first step the life cycle GHG emissions of the original buildings are assessed, revealing strengths and weaknesses on both operational and embodied GHG emissions. Environmental hotspots are identified across environmental indicators, life cycle stages and building elements. In a second step the case studies are remodeled with bio-based building element alternatives showing substantial embodied GHG emissions reduction potential compared to the original case studies. Finally, the results of all building variants are compared with climate targets for buildings revealing that the N11 building meets established climate targets already in its original version, and that a straw-based material optimization can even enable meeting more ambitious climate targets.
Carbonate system in the Cabo Frio upwelling
Authors: Silva Carlos Augusto Ramos e , Fernandes Livia Viana de Godoy , de Souza Flavo Elano Soares , Marotta Humberto , Fernandes Flavio da Costa , Mello Thaise Machado Senez , Monteiro Nicole Silva Caliman , Rocha Anderson Araújo , Damasceno Raimundo Nonato , Santos Ludmila Caetano dos
Published: October 2022

The quantitative assessment of the carbonate system represents one of the biggest challenges toward the "Sustainable Development Goals" defined by the United Nations in 2015. In this sense, the present study investigated the Spatio-temporal dynamics of the carbonate system and the effects of the phenoms ENOS and ENSO over the Cabo Frio upwelling area. The physical characterization of the site was carried out through data on wind speed and sea surface temperature (SST). Water samples were also collected during the oceanographic cruise onboard the Diadorim Oceanographic Research Vessel. From these samples, the parameters of absolute and practical salinity, density, pH, total alkalinity, carbonate, calcite, aragonite, \(C{O}_{3}^{2-}\), \(HC{O}_{3}^{-}\), dissolved inorganic carbon, carbon dioxide, partial pressure of carbon, calcium, and total boron were obtained. After the physical-chemical survey described above, the same parameters were calculated through thermodynamic modeling with the Marine Chemical Analysis (AQM) software loaded with temperature, salinity, TA, and pH parameters. This manuscript presents original data on the carbonate system and the "acidification" process influenced by the Cabo Frio upwelling, which directly depends on the El Niño and La Niña phenomena oscillations in the sea surface temperature (SST).
FusionPDB: a unique knowledgebase of human fusion proteins of consistent annotation across genome/ transcript/ protein/ interaction levels
Authors: Kumar Himansu , Tang Lin-Ya , Yang Chengyuan , Kim Pora
Published: October 2022

Tumorigenic functions due to the formation of fusion genes were targeted for cancer therapeutics (i.e., kinase inhibitors). However, there are still many fusion proteins awaiting being targeted for therapeutics with multiple different mechanisms. Due to the lack of knowledge of the fusion protein sequence and 3D structure, there were not many studies available. To fill this gap, we developed a new computational pipeline and a resource of human fusion proteins, named FusionPDB available at https://compbio.uth.edu/FusionPDB. FusionPDB provides ~ 42K fusion protein sequences (of 16K in-frame fusion genes), 2300 + 1267 fusion protein 3D structures (of 2300 recurrent in-frame fusion genes and 266 manually curated in-frame fusion genes), and virtual screening results of 1267 fusion proteins. FusionPDB is the only resource providing whole 3D structures of fusion proteins and comprehensive knowledge of human fusion proteins. It will be regularly updated until covering all human fusion proteins in the future.
The image of Empedocles in the Hippocratic treatises and the interpretation of some biographical evidences
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Afonasina Anna S.
Published: October 2022

Empedocles is spoken of as a physician by various ancient authors. However, none of the medical works attributed to him has survived. These may have been the treatise of Empedocles mentioned by Pliny the Elder on the deliverance of Athens from the plague and the medical treatise in six hundred verses. Nevertheless, we have at our disposal a number of fragments of his poem, in which the structure of various parts of the body is described, an attempt is made to explain the functioning of the processes of perception, some physiological processes and the structure of living organisms are described. Empedocles is also mentioned in some treatises of the Hippocratic corpus, but rather as a fake doctor in comparison with the real, i. e. Hippocratic doctors. This study aims to resolve the conflict that exists between the fragments of Empedocles’ poem, in which he speaks in the first person and promises to teach various “magical” techniques, the testimonies of Heraclides and Timaeus based on these statements, and the reaction to Empedocles by representatives of the Hippocratic school. For this we will have to turn both to doxographic evidence and to some treatises of the Hippocratic corpus — “Ancient Medicine”, “The Sacred Disease” and “Decorum”. The article examines what medicine was in antiquity, what was the reason for the institutionalization of the medical profession, and whether a clear disciplinary boundary could be drawn between medicine and natural philosophy at the time. These questions are included in the general discussion of the relation between religious and scientific views in the philosophy of Empedocles, as well as in the mentioned treatises of the Hippocratic corpus. In addition, the article attempts to interpret the story of the miraculous resurrection of the breathless by referring to contemporary research in the field of resuscitation.
The incomprehensible effectiveness of logic, or The scandal of Francis Bacon’s true induction
Authors:   HSE University, Dragalina-Chernaya Elena G. , Lisanyuk Elena N. ,   HSE University,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2022

We take seriously a statement of Francis Bacon (1561-1626) that what is he creating is no new philosophy, but a new logic. The demarcation of the disciplinary boundaries of the experimental natural science and the new logic, ‘the art of questioning and interpreting nature’, turns out to be the key task of the grandiose reform of scientific knowledge initiated by his ‘Novum Organum’, the 400-th anniversary of which was celebrated in 2020. Bacon proposes his ‘logic of discovering’ including the true induction as the first part of the four parts of logic three other parts of which have been invented before him. This task involves a design of a double transition, from the experimental data in the ‘lower axioms’ though the ‘middle axioms’ to a particular logical system with its ‘higher axioms’, and vice versa, from the logical system to the experimental data. We consider Bacon's true induction as a conceptual technology for eliminating of the ‘vague abstractions’ in a conversation with nature about the truth. Based on the generalization of data from the examples of presence, absence, and degree, the true induction through the data refinement and validation relates its outcomes to probabilistic and plausible reasonings about reasonings. Technological devices of Baconian conceptual design are constructed to provide the imperfect cognitive agent with instructions for the interface design of sequential step-by-step ascent through the levels of abstraction from initial experimental data to true knowledge, thus presumably guaranteeing the comprehensible effectiveness of logical knowledge.
The influence of corporate governance factors on ESG rating of industrial and IT companies
Authors:   Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Egorova Alexandra , Chigireva Daria ,   Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: October 2022

The article examines the impact of сorporate governance factors on the еnvironmental, social, and governance rating in companies from industrial and IT sectors. The aim of this study is to identify and measure the impact of corporate governance factors on ESG rating in industrial and IT sectors. The research also includes a country-specific analysis: for European, Asian and American companies. The dependent variable is ESG rating — an indicator of the company’s compliance with environmental, social and governance standards. The paper considers observations of 80 companies since 2005 to 2020. The results of this study showed that the most significant practices in European companies are the presence of a policy of independence of the board of directors and an increase in the percentage of non-executive members. For Asian companies, corporate governance factors such as the presence of a policy of independence of the board of directors, an increase in the percentage of non-executive directors effect positively. For American companies, the following practices positively influence the ESG rating — the existence of a policy of independence of the board of directors and the corporate social responsibility committee and an increase in the percentage of women on the board of directors. In terms of sectors, the results showed that information technology companies are positively affected by an increase in the percentage of non-executive members, the presence of a corporate social responsibility committee, and an increase in average age. Also, if the chairperson is a woman the chances of getting a higher ESG rating increase. In industrial sector companies, the presence of a corporate social responsibility committee and a policy of independence of the board of directors, as well as the fact that the chairman was a CEO, are positively affected. These results can be used by companies to develop a plan to improve corporate performance.
Dеvеlорmеnt of the horizon indех to еvаluаtе lоng-tеrmism of Russiаn non-finаnсiаl companies
Authors:   Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Grishunin Sergei V. , Naumova Elena ,   Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Lukshina Natalya ,   Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: October 2022

Short-termism, the firm’s following strategic management practices for short-term, restricts investment in physical and intellectual capital. Investors and managers should identify and counteract such practices in a timely manner. However, existing academic and practical studies overlook problem of short-termism in emerging markets, lack reliable metrics of short-termism or consider only financial indicators in existing horizon metrics. In this paper, we closed some research gaps and constructed the relative horizon index which evaluated strategic focus of public non-financial companies from various industries. We also performed empirical study of horizon index on the sample of 50 Russian non-financial companies over 2014–2019. It revealed that the energy and utility segments in Russia have the largest share of long-term oriented companies, while the industrial, real estate and consumer goods segments have a significant share of short-term oriented companies. The former is explained by: the significant need for modernization in these sectors; developed corporate government systems of firms; limited incentives to accounting manipulations; and a diverse set of stakeholders. Conversely, the latter is underpinned by low levels of investments in comparison to depreciation of real estate, industrial and consumer goods companies. It is also driven by higher incentives for these companies to play with accounting ratios. We showed that the long-term strategic orientation of the firm is not immediately realized into stable positive economic profit patterns over time. However, there is strong and positive correlation between the firm’s decision to follow long-term strategic orientation and the value of multi-period growth in firms’ economic profit. The results can be used by investors, analysts and asset managers to screen the companies on the subject of their following long-term value creation principles and to compare the ability of the firms to sustain positive economic profit.
Sharing digital infrastructure use by mobile providers: Investment solutions for sparsely populated territories of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, St. Petersburg State University, Midler Elena A. , Arenkov Igor A. ,   Faculty of Economics, St. Petersburg State University, Sharifyanov Timur F. ,   Institute of Economics and Management, Udmurt State University
Published: October 2022

The article considers a mechanism of managerial strategic decisions development aimed at overcoming the digital divide in the elaboration of Russian regions through the formation and use of telecommunications infrastructure in small towns. The regions of the Arctic with absence or underrepresented digital infrastructure are selected as the object of study. Understood as a system of interaction between organizational and telecommunication subsystems, it is considered as a management tool to ensure equable functioning and development of the information space. For the purposes of this study, attention is focused on the study of its main component - mobile communication networks. The study resulted in a model for planning investment decisions based on the development of hybrid financing of telecommunications projects through the sharing of digital infrastructure by mobile communication providers. The article substantiates the approach based on planning strategies for joint activities of investors — mobile operators, which allows reducing the burden on the state budget and attracting private capital to the development of a sparsely populated area. As the main method of research, the method of grouping the population according to the density of settlement is used. On the game theorybasis, strategies for joint planning and network behavior of investors are determined, eliminating digital gaps and disproportions in the development of Russian localities and regions as a whole. It is concluded that partnership as a management tool, especially, planning the development of digital infrastructure in small towns, is the most effective way to reduce investment risks for all parties, and its adaptation to the specifics of territories is a key task of management in the field of information and communication technologies.
Comparison of bankruptcy methods in the operation management of the Karkheh River Basin to allocate more water to the Hawr-Al-Azim Wetland
Authors: Pournabi Nima , Janatrostami Somaye , Ashrafzadeh Afshin , Mohammadi Kourosh
Published: October 2022

Bankruptcy methods are straightforward practical methods to address the problem of allocating limited sources of water to different users in regions where claims exceed assets. In the present study, three levels of restoration for the Hawr-Al-Azim wetland (35, 50, and 100%) and two agricultural-related scenarios, maintaining the current cultivation area and decreasing the area under cultivation, were considered and assessed using classical bankruptcy methods. The results showed that, because of climatic conditions and agricultural demands, full wetland restoration was out of reach and led to minimum satisfaction levels for agricultural beneficiaries. The results also showed that the modified bankruptcy method led to the highest satisfaction levels for beneficiaries in the scenario of maintaining the current cultivation area. In addition, the percentage of the water supply was increased by applying the scenario of crop restriction in the conditions of the full restoration of the wetland; for example, in the Abbas Plain region, this increase was achieved by almost 10–15% in all methods. On the other hand, decreasing the area under cultivation shifted the allocation problem in the basin to a non-bankruptcy one.
The effect of pH on taste and odor production and control of drinking water
Authors: Adams Hunter , Burlingame Gary , Ikehata Keisuke , Furatian Laith , Suffet I. H. (Mel)
Published: October 2022

There is general agreement that pH is an important parameter in many drinking water treatment and control processes such as taste and odor (T&O) control. However, pH is not usually targeted as a primary control parameter and its effects on T&O are often overlooked in favor of other treatment issues. When it comes to T&O control, treatment alternatives typically focus on oxidation and adsorption processes. Whether within these processes or separately, pH plays an important role and the effects on T&O should be considered. For example, pH plays a role in the speciation of odorous chemicals in the environment, some of which arise in wastewater treatment and others from the occurrence of metals in water. During blooms of algae and cyanobacteria in surface water, pH is an important parameter affecting water quality and T&O. Finally, as pH is important for the sample preservation and analysis of T&O compounds, pH is important in the fate and control of T&O. The objective of this article is to better understand the various ways that pH can influence T&O production, control, and analysis of odorants in water and encourage advancement in the state of the science of pH optimization for T&O control.
Performance evaluation of univariate time-series techniques for forecasting monthly rainfall data
Authors: Kabbilawsh P. , Kumar D. Sathish , Chithra N. R.
Published: October 2022

In this article, the performance evaluation of four univariate time-series forecasting techniques, namely Hyndman Khandakar-Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (HK-SARIMA), Non-Stationary Thomas-Fiering (NSTF), Yeo-Johnson Transformed Non-Stationary Thomas-Fiering (YJNSTF) and Seasonal Naïve (SN) method, is carried out. The techniques are applied to forecast the rainfall time series of the stations located in Kerala. It enables an assessment of the significant difference in the rainfall characteristics at various locations that influence the relative forecasting accuracies of the models. Along with this, the effectiveness of Yeo-Johnson transformation (YJT) in improving the forecast accuracy of the models is assessed. Rainfall time series of 18 stations in Kerala, India, starting from 1981 and ending in 2013, is used. A classification system based on root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) is proposed and applied to find the best forecasting model. The models HK-SARIMA and YJNSTF performed well in the Western lowlands and Eastern highlands. In the Central midlands, out of 12 stations, the performance indices of 8 stations are in favour of the HK-SARIMA model. It can be concluded that HK-SARIMA models are more reliable for forecasting the monthly rainfall of the stations located in all geographic regions in the state of Kerala.
Comparison of multi-objective genetic algorithms for optimization of cascade reservoir systems
Authors: Wang Manlin , Zhang Yu , Lu Yan , Wan Xinyu , Xu Bin , Yu Lei
Published: October 2022

Multi-objective genetic algorithms (MOGAs) are widely used for multi-reservoir systems’ optimization due to their high efficiency and fast convergence. However, the computational cost grows exponentially with the expansion of multi-reservoir systems and the increased dimensions of optimization problems, posing a great challenge to multi-reservoir operations. Therefore, it is important to find a suitable and efficient multi-objective algorithm for multi-reservoir system optimization. In this study, three representative MOGAs were selected, namely the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III), and Reference Vector Guided Evolutionary Algorithm (RVEA), and three multi-objective optimization models were then developed accordingly. Numerical experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of these three algorithms for the optimization of a cascaded reservoir system. The results show that for the two-objective model, the non-dominant size generation rate (NDSGR) of NSGA-II is 1.66 and 4.01 times that of NSGA-III and RVEA, respectively. NSGA-II is more suitable for solving the optimization operation problem with two objectives. Based on the comprehensive evaluation, NSGA-III seems to be more appropriate for more than two objectives. These results emphasize the importance of using appropriate algorithms and provide further insights into the choice of algorithms for the optimization of hydropower systems.
Water, sanitation, and hygiene access in Senegal and its impact on the occurrence of diarrhea in children under 5 years old
Authors: Daffe Mouhamadou Lamine , Diop Cheikh , Dounebaine Bonheur , Diop Samba Sagor , Peleka Jessica Carmelia Mbemba , Bah Fatoumata , Thiam Salimata , Ndong Awa , Cabral Mathilde , Toure Aminata , Lam Absa , Fall Mamadou
Published: October 2022

Diarrheal diseases are the second leading cause of child mortality worldwide, occurring in about one in every nine child deaths, and were associated with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) access. In this study, we provided an overview of WASH indicators' evolution from 2000 to 2017 and their impact on the occurrence of diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Senegal. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study, in which we did a secondary analysis of data from the Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for water supply and sanitation and from the Senegal Demographic and Health Survey 2018. Our results showed that access to safely managed services increased by 18.1 and 19.1%, respectively, for water and sanitation. The prevalence of diarrhea estimated at 18.16% was associated with straining water through a cloth (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.21 [1.00–1.45]) and getting water supplies from a source not located in a dwelling (AOR [95% CI]: 1.59 [1.21–2.09]). The prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years old was still relatively high in Senegal and was significantly associated with a lack of WASH access. Although the latter continues to increase, additional efforts to make water safer to drink will significantly reduce the occurrence of diarrheal diseases among children under 5 years old in Senegal.
Evaluación del rendimiento de híbridos provenientes de líneas endocriadas de maíz criollo (Zea mays) del departamento del Magdalena
Authors: Clemente-Fuentes Andrés , Meneses Hernández Manuel Humberto , Rodriguez Catherine Pardey
Published: October 2022

Se evaluó germoplasma de maíz criollo procedente del departamento del Magdalena preservado en los laboratorios del Programa de Ingeniería agronómica de la Universidad del Magdalena que permitiera conocer el potencial agronómico y conveniencia de su reintroducción a comunidades agrícolas. Para ello, se estimó la aptitud combinatoria general y específica para identificar las poblaciones sobresalientes. Se emplearon cinco genotipos de maíz criollo aumentados por autofecundación, que luego fueron cruzados entre sí a través de un cruzamiento dialélico 5x5. Las poblaciones híbridas F1 fueron evaluadas por rendimiento bajo las condiciones agroecológicas de la Granja Experimental de la Universidad del Magdalena ubicada en la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia en el segundo semestre del año 2017. El diseño estadístico empleado fue el Modelo Fijo con el Método 2 de Griffing para determinar los efectos de aptitud combinatoria general (ACG) que permite identificar los mejores progenitores con habilidad para transmitir sus caracteres deseables a la descendencia, y la aptitud combinatoria específica (ACE) para la identificación de aquellas combinaciones híbridas F1 sobresalientes para la característica de rendimiento. Se pudo observar que en los progenitores el efecto genético aditivo fue similar para la expresión del rendimiento en las combinaciones híbridas. En la comparación de los híbridos se presentó el efecto de dominancia en los híbridos que comparten los parentales: 11,3202 y 3203. Y entre cruzamientos que no compartieron ningún parental: (87 x 3202) & (88 x 3203) ∧ (88 x 3202) & (11 x 3203).
Los canales Zenúes en Colombia: un desaparecido en el territorio y un desconocido en el bolsillo
Authors: Olmos Severiche César , González-Agudelo Elvia María , Vélez-Macías Fabio de Jesús , Aguirre-Ramírez Néstor Jaime
Published: October 2022

Se aplicó la noción de hipótesis abductiva al icono de los canales ancestrales zenúes en la Depresión Momposina colombiana. La hipótesis abductiva se desarrolló desde la concepción del semiólogo Pearce, quien afirma que solo un pensamiento abductivo lleva a la creación de algo genuinamente nuevo. El proceso abductivo parte del hecho sorprendente y llega hasta plantear una hipótesis, pasando por la interpretación semiológica de signos en tanto iconos, enigmas, indicios, sospechas, conjeturas y finalmente la enunciación de la hipótesis abductiva. Se tomó como base del hecho sorprendente que revela que la comunidad zenú de épocas prehispánicas, con su gran poder de control hidráulico, floreció en una zona de humedales de Colombia, pero luego desapareció, dejando una huella centenaria en el territorio. Este hecho sorprendente se plasma en el icono que representan los canales zenúes, una gran obra de ingeniería hidráulica cuyo abandono supuso la pérdida de intervención de las aguas de la Depresión Momposina, provocando inundaciones y sequías; problemas del cambio climático en nuestros tiempos. En el camino encontramos enigmas: como la relación hombre-hábitat; indicios: zona propicia para establecimiento de grandes culturas; sospechas: alto conocimiento y adaptación al territorio, la zona como gran templo espiritual, los canales zenúes como alternativa de manejo en la actualidad; conjeturas: conocimiento hidráulico de los zenúes, zona más manejable con canales que sin ellos, estrategia de ingeniería para controlar el ritmo actual de inundaciones y sequías; y con ellos se llegó al planteamiento- hipótesis -abductiva: ¿cómo la comprensión del sistema tradicional de canales y terraplenes de los zenúes, su recuperación y conservación, se traduciría en una estrategia de adaptación al cambio climático al permitir el control de inundaciones y sequías?