bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical course, diagnosis, and management of bilateral COVID-19 associated conjunctivitis: A case study
Authors: Jaiswal Ram Kumar , Jhunjhunwala Aditi
Published: May 2022

We present a rare case of COVID-19 associated conjunctivitis where patient presented with redness, foreign body sensation, watering, and pain. Symptoms started while patient was COVID-19 positive. On examination, severe conjunctival congestion was present along with follicles. Visual acuity was 6/6 in both eyes. The patient was started on topical antibiotics and showed improvement but again presented with aggravated symptoms. Conjunctival swab was sent for culture and sensitivity, which was negative for any organisms. The patient was then started on oral and topical steroid, which showed improvement. Even though COVID-19 associated conjunctivitis is self-limiting, here it showed a progressive course and resolved only after steroid.
Management of descemetocele: Our experience and a simplified treatment algorithm
Authors: Shankar Sree , Agarwal Rinky , Nagpal Ritu , Maharana Prafulla K , Goel Siddhi , Sinha Rajesh , Agarwal Tushar , Titiyal Jeewan Singh , Sharma Namrata
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

To formulate a treatment algorithm for the management of descemetocele.

Methods:

This was a prospective interventional study that was conducted at a tertiary eye-care center. All consecutive cases of descemetocele during the study period (April 1, 2017–March 31, 2018) were evaluated for the following parameters: age, sex, previous medical or surgical therapy, risk factors, preexisting ocular diseases, location, site and size of descemetocele, interventions undertaken, visual acuity, and the fellow eye status. The surgical modalities and fellow eye status were correlated individually with therapeutic and functional outcomes, based on which a treatment algorithm was formulated.

Results:

The study included 24 eyes of 24 patients (19M, 5F) with a median age of presentation of 45 years. The mean follow-up duration was 6.79 ± 3.97 months (3–12 months). The most common cause of descemetocele was microbial keratitis (66.66%), and most cases were central (50%), small (58.33%), and non-perforated (79.16%). The surgical interventions undertaken were cyanoacrylate glue (CG, 37.5%), penetrating keratoplasty (PKP, 33.33%), patch graft (16.66%), and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK, 12.5%). Therapeutic success was noted in 13/24 eyes (54.16%). Final visual acuity > 3/60 was seen in 25% cases. Suboptimal therapeutic (P = 0.07) and visual (P = 0.34) outcomes were noted in subjects with non-functional fellow eye.

Conclusion:

PKP was preferred for descemetoceles with active microbial keratitis and extensive infiltrates, while CG and DALK were undertaken for healed microbial keratitis, neurotrophic keratitis, and ocular surface disorders with partial limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). For total LSCD, amniotic membrane graft was preferred.
Psychosocial assessment among ophthalmic patients attending tertiary eye care centre during the lockdown in times of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sanjay Srinivasan , Venkatesh Ramesh , Tejwani Sushma , Jayadev Chaitra , Nanavati Hardik , Mohapatra Ayushi , Khamar Pooja , Nuijts Rudy , Dickman Mor , Shetty Rohit
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues to play havoc in our lives. During the first “ lockdown” in 2020, we were keen on assessing the anxiety levels of patients who sought ophthalmic care despite the lockdown. Public health actions, such as social distancing, were necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19. As a result, most people felt isolated and lonely, thereby causing increased levels of stress and anxiety in them. We aimed to assess the anxiety levels using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and personality assessment using the 57-point Eysenck’s Personality Inventory (EPI) questionnaire among patients visiting a tertiary eye care hospital during the lockdown period.

Methods:

Consecutive patients attending an ophthalmic tertiary care hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown were approached to be a part of this prospective cross-sectional survey.

Results:

In total, 1,088 responses were analyzed during the 2-month study period with the mean age being 45.7 + 16.9 years. The majority had completed graduation (78%) with 15 years or more of formal education. The purpose of the visit was an emergency consultation in 42% (n = 455), a review appointment in 42% (n = 457), and the remaining (16%, n = 176) came for a routine consultation. The majority of the patients (>90%) did not report experiencing any of the 14 sets of symptoms. A mild level of anxiety was noted in 1,086 (>99%) respondents, whereas only 2 (<1%) respondents showed mild–moderate levels of anxiety. Financial concerns such as affordability of medications (6% vs. 3%, P
= 0.05) and fear of losing their job (16% vs. 11%, P = 0.02) were significantly more in those experiencing any anxiety compared to those with no anxiety.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed that patients visiting a tertiary ophthalmic center during lockdown were graduates, sought eye consultation primarily for emergency or a review, and had no major anxiety symptoms. In those with anxiety, the affordability of medicines and loss of jobs were the main concerns.
The Accuracy of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Patients with Dye Technique
Authors: Ramesh Rakesh S. , Srigeri R. Raxith , Vijayalakshmi V. V. , Sugara Medha , Shivanna Paramesh S. , Singh Jaiveer
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

In recent years, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been largely replaced by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) as the standard technique for axillary staging in patients with early stage breast cancer. There has been little data from Indian subcontinent regarding SLNB in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) where complete ALND still remains the gold standard.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty one cases of LABC that had received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy were subjected to SLNB (using methylene blue dye) followed by complete ALND (Levels I–III). The sentinel lymph node (SLN) accuracy parameters were calculated employing standard definitions.

Results:

The SLN identification rate in the present study was 95.2%. The sensitivity of SLNB was 75% while overall, false negative rate (FNR) was 25%. With 3 or more SLNB improved sensitivity and decreased FNR.

Conclusions:

SLNB with methylene blue 'dye alone' method-cost effective, reliable, and almost as accurate as dual agent mapping method even in post-NACT LABC who become cN0.
Distal Pancreatic Tumour - Masquerading Malignancy
Authors: Benny P. B. , Vasu T. A. , Muhsin V. K. , Selvan Ilakkia
Published: May 2022

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an evolving immune-mediated disease condition. It usually presents clinically as a tumour-like mass of the involved organ that can be misdiagnosed as malignancy. Patients with pancreatic mass pose a diagnostic challenge, and often, resection is needed for a diagnosis is confirmed. Here, we present a case of a 58-year-old male who presented with an isolated distal pancreas mass that was considered as malignancy but turned out to be IgG4-RD.
An Assessment of Axillary Lymph Node Positivity in Clinically Node-Negative Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Harinath T. , Oommen T. Alex , Shyni P. M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

Routine use of mammography and early detection of carcinoma breast show fewer cases of node positivity at detection. These patients may undergo unnecessary axillary surgery for a staging procedure. The present study assessed the percentage of axillary lymph node positivity in early-stage node-negative breast cancer and studied the association of positive nodes with factors such as age, menstrual status, clinical staging, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) score, pathological staging, histological type of tumour, lymphovascular emboli and receptors.

Methodology:

This observational study was conducted between 2018 and 2019 at a tertiary care hospital. Data of 84 cases of clinically node-negative early-stage carcinoma breast were collected from records, tabulated and analysed.

Results:

Thirty-three percentage had metastatic lymph nodes. There was positive association of incidence with age (post-menopausal women - 36.6%), increase in BIRADS score, histological grade of cancer, lymphovascular emboli - 42.8%, oestrogen and progesterone receptors and triple-negative breast cancer - 55.5%.

Conclusions:

As one-third of the specimens were having metastatic deposits in lymph nodes, axillary dissection cannot be avoided even though clinically node negative.
Relation Between New Trauma Score and Probability of Survival in Head Injury Patients
Authors: Nair Anand P. , Unnikrishnan E. P.
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

The Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is widely used to determine the prognosis of trauma patients. A new trauma score (NTS) based on the revised parameters is now introduced including the adoption of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), revision of the systolic blood pressure (BP) interval and the incorporation of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive performance of the NTS for in-hospital mortality compared with the RTS and other trauma scores.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to know the validity of NTS for the prediction of mortality in head injury patients presenting to the hospital casualty.

Methodology:

It was a cohort study of 200 cases of trauma-related emergencies, presenting to the casualty of a tertiary care centre, including road traffic accidents, fall from height and assault. The name, age, sex, time of occurrence and time of examination of the patient and associated injuries were noted along with the mode of injury. Each patient was scored as per the NTS and assigned points. The final outcome was noted at the time of discharge and probability of survival calculated.

Results:

The probability of survival of a patient with a NTS of 12 was found to be 0.9999, 0.0892 for an NTS of 3 and nil for score of 3. The outcome based on GCS was related but weaker than NTS.

Conclusion:

In this study, it was found that patients with an NTS of 12 had a probability of survival of 99.99%. Below the score of 3, death was inevitable. These simple observations of pulse, BP, GCS, together with assessment of mechanisms of injury give a rapid assessment of those patients in need of treatment and expert management and provide important guidelines for triage.
Blunt Trauma Abdomen
Authors: Thomas Jasion , Oommen Alex
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

Trauma is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in the first four decades of life. It remains a major public health problem amongst all countries, regardless of the socioeconomic status. Abdomen is the third most frequently injured body region. Most preventable deaths are those occurring in the abdomen. The paper studied the cause of injury, clinical presentation and management adopted for the patients admitted following blunt trauma abdomen for 1 year and compared the causes of injury and organs injured.

Methodology:

This is an observational study based on 241 cases of blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) with respect to clinical presentation, cause of injury, management and organs injured.

Results:

Demographic data such as age and sex, cause of injury, commonly injured organs and the management done were observed and compared. It was found that BAT commonly involves young males in the age group of 20–40 years. Road traffic accident (RTA) is found to be the most common cause of injury. Conservative management was done in 217 out of 241 patients. Out of 241 blunt trauma cases presented, liver was the most common organ injured and 118 patients with liver trauma were managed conservatively and 4 patients were taken up for surgery. Out of 112 splenic trauma patients, 106 were managed conservatively and 6 were taken up for splenectomy. Hollow viscus injury followed by pneumoperitoneum was directly taken up for surgery with no role of non-operative management. Out of 12 patients with mesenteric injury, 10 patients were taken up for surgery (primary suturing of torn mesentery) and 2 were conservatively managed. Multiple organs are usually involved in most of the cases rather than an isolated organ injury. Conservative management was done in 24 patients out of 241 blunt trauma abdomen patients.

Conclusion:

The study was conclusive of the fact that young males who sustained BAT due to RTA were the most commonly affected group. It was also conclusive that spleen and liver are the most commonly injured organs in BAT and conservative management should be followed wherever possible.
Marginal Mandibular Nerve Dysfunction after Submandibular Surgeries
Authors: Sugeeth E. , Mani Anna , M. Basheer O. T. M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

Marginal mandibular nerve (MMN) is a branch of facial nerve. It is vulnerable to iatrogenic injuries during surgeries involving submandibular region. This leads to significant post-operative morbidity. Injuries to this nerve can distort the expression of the smile as well as other facial expressions.

Objectives:

The aim of the study is to determine the incidence of MMN dysfunction in the submandibular surgeries and to determine the factors affecting post-operative MMN dysfunction.

Methodology:

This was a longitudinal study conducted in the department of general surgery, in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 1 year in 48 patients undergoing submandibular surgeries. The study subjects were followed up intra-operatively, post-operative day 1 and 2 weeks after surgery for any post-operative MMN dysfunction. The incidence was correlated with different variables using statistical tests.

Results:

Out of 48 subjects, six had post-operative MMN dysfunction, forming 12%. Considering the age, majority of the patients with MMN dysfunction were aged above 60 years. Majority of surgeries in which post-operative MMN dysfunction developed were performed using electrocauteries, and the duration of surgery was 1–2 h. Systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus also contributed.

Conclusion:

The incidence of MMN dysfunction is 12% in the submandibular surgeries with contributory factors being advanced age, diabetes mellitus, prolonged surgeries with excessive traction and use of energy devices such as electrocautery.
Risk Factors of Port-Site Infections in Laparoscopic Surgeries
Authors: Sheeba Mariyam V. K. , Salim J. Muhammed , Raj Rakesh Praveen , Sheriff Riyaz
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

Laparoscopic surgery has brought in a paradigm shift in surgery. The ever-expanding applications of laparoscopic surgery have made the study of its complications crucial.

Objectives:

Our aim was to study the incidence of port-site infection (PSI) in laparoscopic procedures and the associated risk factors.

Materials and Methods:

A longitudinal observational study was conducted on 96 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgeries for various ailments and were observed for the development of PSIs and the association with the studied risk factors using the Chi-square test.

Results:

Prolonged duration of surgery (>120 min) was found to have a statistically significant association with increased risk of development of PSI. Obesity, presence of comorbidities and increase in the number of ports also were risk factors that had a statistically significant association with the incidence of PSI. The most common procedure associated with PSI was laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the most common organisms found to be Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Conclusion:

Proper sterilisation techniques and operation theatre aseptic protocol have brought down the incidence of PSI a great deal. Identification of the other hidden risk factors is vital for the elimination of PSI in laparoscopic surgery.
Sodium Abnormalities in Patients with Acute Retention of Urine Due to Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Paul Riju Joseph , Muhammed Farooq V. P. , Mujeeb Rahman N. M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

Bladder outlet obstruction is the most common cause of urinary retention. Electrolyte disturbances are among one of the most overlooked counterparts of urinary retention. Reports suggest that acute urinary retention can lead to derangements in sodium levels.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to find out the incidence of sodium abnormalities in patients admitted with urinary retention due to bladder outlet obstruction. To compare serum sodium levels before and after relief of bladder outlet obstruction in these patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a prospective, observational study design. All patients above 18 years who presented with complaints of acute retention of urine due to bladder outlet obstruction and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. After history and physical examination, a urinary catheter was placed to empty the bladder. Serum sodium levels were checked before catheterisation, at 24 h and 48 h after catheterisation to note if there is a change in values of serum sodium.

Results:

There were 92 cases of acute urinary retention, of which 88 were male and 4 were female. The mean serum sodium value at the time of catheterisation was 131.64, at 24 h after catheterisation was 133.48 and 48 h later was 134.95.

Conclusion:

An increase in serum sodium levels was noted in the majority of the patients who were catheterised. We infer that hyponatraemia is seen in acute urinary retention and that it gets corrected on catheterisation.
Unusual Presentation of Carcinoma Gall Bladder as Paraneoplastic Leukaemoid Reaction and Fever – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Ramesh Rakesh S. , Sugara Medha , Vijayalakshmi V. V. , Paramesh S. , Raxith S. R. , Jaiveer S.
Published: May 2022

Paraneoplastic syndrome can present in a variety of haematological clinical disorders, such as anaemia, hypercalcaemia, erythrocytosis, granulocytosis and thrombocytosis. Poorly differentiated carcinoma of the gall bladder which presented paraneoplastic syndrome in the form of leucocytosis and unexplained fever is a very rare presentation. A 48-year-old female presented with a history of fever with a weight loss of 2–3 kg and pain in right hypochondria for 3–4 months. Fever was mild to moderate intermittent for more than 3 months in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment. On the basis of clinical, radiological and cytological findings, a final diagnosis of 'leukaemoid reaction (paraneoplastic syndrome) in adenocarcinoma of the gall bladder' was made. When dealing with unexplained leucocytosis, paraneoplastic leukaemoid reaction is usually a diagnosis of exclusion, yet the diagnosis should not be delayed as treating the underlying malignancy is the mainstay of treatment.
Integrated Reporting Assessment from the User's Perspective Using the Integrated Report Quality Index
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Klimko Roman , Juhászová Zuzana ,   University of Economics in Bratislava
Published: May 2022

The last decades have seen a shift in the corporate reporting model, moving from financial disclosure to the triple bottom line approach, including information about financial, environmental and social capital, also referred to as a sustainability reporting. These changes have been driven by stakeholder pressure on corporate transparency and emerging disclosure regulation. The International Integrated Reporting Council aimed to add value to sustainability reporting by developing integrated reporting (IR), seeking not only to combine financial and non-financial reporting but to show connectivity between them and provide a clear picture of how the company can create and sustain value over the short, medium and long term. This approach has been followed by a great number of corporations since its initiation in 2010. Given that the IR framework is rather principles-based, the quality of such reports differs from company to company. The main objective of this paper is to assess the quality of IR from the user's perspective. We analyse companies listed in IBEX 35 and compare the evolution of the IR quality in 2016 and 2019. To do so, an index was developed measuring the quality of the integrated report based on elements such as visuality, navigability, technological elements and business model description. Our findings show that while, in 2016, companies operating in critical sectors tended to have a generally higher IR quality, there were no significant differences in 2019 between companies operating in critical and non-critical sectors, and the general quality has decreased in favour of the quantity of information.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Bullet Tuna (Auxis rochei) from Bali and Its Adjacent Waters
Authors: Agustina Maya , Setyadji Bram , Pharmawati Made , Junitha I ketut
Published: May 2022

Bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) dominates the neritic tuna catch, especially from the purse seine fleet within the western and southern Indonesian waters. However, high catches can lead to stock depletion and lower genetic diversity due to possible inbreeding. Therefore, population genetic information is important in monitoring the sustainability of fish stocks and proposing an appropriate species-specific conservation strategy. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, and kinship relationship of bullet tuna in Bali and its adjacent waters. Sampling was carried out in September 2020 at landing sites/ports representing the north, east, south, and west region, whereas at least 30 samples were acquired at each location. The result showed that the DNA concentration obtained could produce DNA bands with allele length ranged from 94-260 bp. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) was around 0.440-0.627. While the expected heterozygosity (He) was between 0.932-0.945. The genetic variation among population, within-population, and individuals was 0.36%, 41.04%, and 58.60%, respectively. The results of the analysis of genetic diversity between individuals in the population showed very high genetic diversity. The population structure of the bullet tuna landed in West Bali, East Bali, South Bali and North Bali is the same population stock. The kinship relationship indicates that the four populations are closely related genetically.
Component Analysis of Propolis from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Miyata Ryo , Matsui Mikina , Kumazawa Shigenori
Published: May 2022

Propolis is an aggregate of functional components found in plant resins and has been reported to exhibit valuable biological activities. This study investigated the components and antioxidant activity of propolis from Papua New Guinea. In component analysis, seven known compounds, 6-deoxyhaplopinol (1), 5-formylguaiacol (2), trans-caffeic acid (3), cis-caffeic acid (4), trans-ferulic acid (5), trans-p-coumaric acid (6), and L-kaempferitrin (7), were isolated and identified from Papua New Guinean propolis. The structure of 1 was confirmed by comparing the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the isolated and synthesized compounds. Based on component analysis, Papua New Guinean propolis may be a new type of propolis. The EtOH extracts of Papua New Guinean propolis exhibited antioxidant activity comparable to that of Baccharis and Populus propolis. This study demonstrated the potential of Papua New Guinean propolis in human health maintenance.
Isolation of some pathogenic microbes associated with spoilt carrots (Daucus carota L.) obtained from local markets in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Morka E.
Published: May 2022

Over the past decades vegetable consumption specifically carrot has been on the rise however, its wastage due to microbial spoilage has been estimated at around 20% annually. In this study, spoilage microbes associated with carrots were identified by employing standard microbiological procedures. Various tests were used to characterize carrots with soft rot symptoms. This study was aimed at assessing microorganisms associated with spoilage of carrots. Seven (7) bacterial species and five (5) fungal species were detected via morphology and biochemical screening. The results showed that Escherichia coli (20%) was recorded the highest prevalence among bacterial isolates while the least prevalence was Shigella sp. (8%). On the other hand, Aspergillus niger was recorded the highest (40%) while the least prevalence of the fungi was Mucor sp. (9%). Results from this study affirmed that both spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms are present in carrots, therefore care must be taken in handling, washing and processing carrots before consumption so as to prevent spoilage that might lead to infections and food-borne outbreaks due to fungi and bacteria.
Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of stem bark extracts of Detarium microcarpum against bacteria causing gastrointestinal tract infections in humans
Authors: Sanusi S.B. , Lawal S.M. , Usman A. , Musa F.M. , Ardo B.
Published: May 2022

Detarium microcarpum is used by different ethnic groups for treatment of various diseases in Nigeria and several parts of West African. The      phytochemical constituents of the stembark extract of D.microcarpum were analyzed using qualitative methods. The antibacterial activity of the stembark extracts against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were tested using the agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical investigation revealed that presence of tannins, saponin, steroids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols and terpenoids. The plant extracts exhibited anti bacterial potential against the tested organisms at different concentrations 100 mg/mL , 50mg/mL 25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL )), with S. aureus having the highest zone of inhibition of 21 mm at 100 mg/mL with ethanolic extract. Therefore, this study suggests that D. microcarpum stembark has phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial activity exhibited by the extracts could be as a result of the phytochemicals presents.
Database security framework design using tokenization
Authors: Agboola Rihanat Bola , Iro Zaharaddeen Salele , Awwalu Jamilu , Said Ibrahim Nasir
Published: May 2022

One of the challenging tasks in database management system today is protecting sensitive data that are complex in the database system. Most organization opt for implementation of data encryption which is one of the most effective security control mechanism, but data encryption only render information unreadable to those that do not have the secret decryption key. The core issue with data encryption techniques is that, it is reversibly. In these regards, sensitive data need to be tokenized first before encrypting for better security. Therefore, this work is introducing tokenization technique. Tokenization means replacement or substitution of sensitive data with a token, as an additional technique on database system for protecting sensitive data in all higher institutions and other firms that deal with sensitive data. A database security framework using tokenization was design, implemented using NetBeans 8.1 IDE, Java Platform SE binary (jdk-8u91-windows-x64) and xampp-windows-x64-7.3.7-0-VC15 (Apache and MySQL), an official IDE for Java 8 and then encrypt the tokenized data using AES before storing it in server 127.0.0.1 a localhost phpMyAdmin Database tools and evaluated with other security systems (encoding, hashing and encryption) on student database. Results shows that tokenization technique has 95% capacity to protect sensitive data compare to other security systems.
Zadania antyterrorystyczne Sił Zbrojnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej realizowane w sytuacji wystąpienia zagrożeń w przestrzeni powietrznej i na morzu – ujęcie prawne
Authors: Kośka Marcin
Published: May 2022

W artykule zostały omówione zadania realizowane przez Siły Zbrojne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w celu przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom terrorystycznym występującym w przestrzeni powietrznej oraz na obszarach morskich. Autor przeanalizował akty prawne, które mogą zawierać uregulowania dotyczące wspomnianych zadań. Wyszczególnienie zadań antyterrorystycznych umożliwia ich usystematyzowanie i może przyczynić się do lepszego przygotowania się do przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom.
Uwarunkowania zamachu stanu w Iranie w 1953 roku
Authors: Stachoń Monika
Published: May 2022

Zamach stanu, do którego doszło 19 sierpnia 1953 r. w Teheranie, był brytyjsko-amerykańską tajną operacją wywiadowczą, zaplanowaną i wykonaną przy udziale grupy irańskich rojalistów. Głównym celem rządów Wielkiej Brytanii i Stanów Zjednoczonych było utrzymanie wpływów politycznych w Iranie bez ujawniania swego zaangażowania. Wydarzenia te, uznawane za przejaw zewnętrznej ingerencji w politykę państwa, zajmują niezwykle ważne miejsce we współczesnej irańskiej świadomości historycznej i politycznej oraz determinują stosunki Iranu ze Stanami Zjednoczonymi, a tym samym wpływają na bezpieczeństwo całego regionu Bliskiego Wschodu. Autorka przedstawia trzy główne uwarunkowania tego zamachu. Zalicza do nich: brytyjsko-irański konflikt na tle nacjonalizacji sektora naftowego, dokonanej przez premiera Mohammada Mosaddegha, niebezpieczeństwo związane z włączeniem Iraku w strefę wpływów komunistycznych, a także czynniki wewnętrzne, w tym spory w ramach rządzącej koalicji. Autorka stara się odpowiedzieć na pytania: jak kształtowała się brytyjska polityka wobec Iranu dotycząca eksploatacji ropy naftowej, jakie były przyczyny zaangażowania się Amerykanów w tajne działania Secret Intelligence Service w Teheranie w latach 1952–1953, a także czy zamach stanu mógł być wynikiem działań wyłącznie wewnętrznej opozycji wobec Mohammada Mosaddegha.
Anti-terrorist tasks of the Polish Armed Forces in situations of threats in the air and sea – a legal approach
Authors: Kośka Marcin
Published: May 2022

The article discusses the tasks carried out by the Polish Armed Forces to counter terrorist threats occurring in the airspace and maritime areas. The author analyzed legal acts that may contain regulations concerning the mentioned tasks. Listing counterterrorism tasks allows them to be systematized and can contribute to better preparation to counter threats.
Criticism of the Educational Validity of Compentency-based Liberal Education
Authors: Son Jong-Hyun
Published: May 2022

This research aims to reconsider the idea that liberal education cultivating core competencies is an acceptable one in terms of the ‘educational validity question’. This research focuses on the identity of liberal education in a university in relation to the concept of core competencies. This study critically examined whether the usage of the ‘establishment of a liberal education to enhance core competencies’ or the ‘organization and operation of the liberal education curriculum’ to improve core competencies is suitable and valid. This research looks into the problems that university liberal education is facing in our society ‘now and here’. The conclusions are as follows: The discourse of core competencies can not go along with the essence of liberal education. However, core competencies can go along with a student’s major. Core competencies may be covered in vocational education and in major education at a university. In fact, the phrase ‘core competency’ is mostly related to certain capabilities that are to be developed in the major departments of a university. Major education is already aimed at developing a student’s chosen major capabilities, including the core competencies of their chosen major. However, the goal of liberal education is to develop ‘cultural capabilities’. Liberal education does not develop core competencies but various types and kinds of learning abilities. These abilities should be cultivated in liberal education at a university. We need to reconsider how to cultivate these competencies once more.
A Study on the Relationship between Competency Achievement and Academic Achievement in Core Competency-based College English Classes
Authors: Kim Hyekyung , Bae Sung Ah
Published: May 2022

This study aims to diagnose and analyze the effects of core competency-based college English classes through the relationship between learners' competency achievement and academic achievement, and to suggest the direction for a more even cultivation of both competency and academic achievement in future general English classes. To this end, the researchers collected the results of the core competency diagnosis, the scores of mid-term and final exams, and the evaluation results of competency-building activities from 145 students. Three classes taking college English at H University in the central region participated in this study for a total of 12 weeks. Independent sample t-validation, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted for the purposes of this study. The results are as follows: First, we found that the teamwork competency level of learners taking this college English class improved. This result shows that students’ experiences performing the competency-building activities led to their competency achievement, and it also indicates that continuous and detailed activity-based teaching design is necessary to create college English classes that can guarantee the competency achievement of the learners. Second, learners who had improved their level of teamwork competency showed high satisfaction with the class, confirming that whether or not their core competencies were improved plays a role when it comes to the learners’ satisfaction with such classes. Finally, we found that learners with higher academic achievement had higher evaluation results regarding competency-building activities. This shows that competency-based college English classes have a positive effect in regards to improving both the core competency and the academic achievement of students. In conclusion, these results suggest that the instructional design for competency-based college English education can be an effective way for learners to develop both competency and academic achievement while putting their competency knowledge to use on their own.
Impacts of Energy Security on Economic Development: Evidence From China
Authors: Lee Chien-Chiang , Xing Wenwu , Wang Chang-song
Published: May 2022

Using a panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2018, this study evaluates the impact of energy security on economic development by employing the entropy method and panel quantile regression model. The study reveals (a) an upward trend in energy security levels, (b) regional differences in energy security levels, and (c) energy security’s significant promotion effect on China’s economic development, which gradually decreases with the improvement of economic development levels.
Finding Resilience Through Research: Completing a Ph.D. While Parenting an Intellectually Disabled Adult “Child”
Authors: Hutton Lorraine
Published: May 2022

Unlike the progression of most traditional-aged, college or university students, my non-traditional, academic trajectory as a parent-caregiver to an intellectually disabled (ID) adult has been fraught with barriers, disruption, and discouragement. Motivation to complete my doctorate rests on a commitment to disability issues, caregiver activism, and intellectual capacity-building of my self. Guided by the “evocative” autoethnographic methodology of Bochner and Ellis (2016), this “insider’s” narrative retrospective autoethnography will attempt to shed light on and evoke an understanding of a doctoral student caregiver’s context and experience in the academy. It encompasses embodiment, a geographically constrained sense of place, marginalization, and neoliberal abandonment—elements that have contributed to my sense of burden, inferiority, and non-competitiveness in the academy. An analysis of my autobiographical experience would suggest that increased institutional awareness of a caregiving student’s complex obligations, recognition of their non-traditional contributions to society, and offerings of flexible modes of participation could improve equity and inclusion for caregivers who are challenged in extraordinary ways.
(RE)KONCEPTUALIZACIJA POJMA AUTENTIČNOSTI U SAVREMENOJ NASTAVI STRANIH JEZIKA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Andrijević Maja
Published: May 2022

This paper presents different approaches to the concept of authenti- city in the context of applied linguistics and foreign language teaching. For decades, this term has been associated only with language material used in the classroom (reductionist definition), but recent studies highlight its conceptual diversification and conclude that it is determined by other, mostly contextual factors, as well as participants in interaction. Therefore, in modern approaches to foreign language teaching, the emphasis is on a dynamic and integrated approach to the concept of authenticity (Newby, 2000), where genuine input and genuine participatory tasks promoted by teachers generate students’ genuine output who thus authenticate them in the process of interaction that is situationally determined. Consequently, as a result, the notion of authenticity is reconceptualized: it is no longer an absolute category but can be considered as a pragmatic phenomenon (Shomoossi & Ketabi 2007) and a construct generated in the socio-contextual continuum (Pinner 2014, 2016), so it is viewed holistically and applies to various aspects and actors in the process of foreign language learning.
PERSONAE DRAMATIS U DRAMI „JERMA“ FEDERIKA GARSIJA LORKE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Karić Verka
Published: May 2022

El tema del trabajo es la presentación del personaje de Yerma dentro de la obra homónima de Federico García Lorca (Yerma, 1934). Basándose en las teorías del drama moderno, personae dramatis se interpreta a través del conflicto de fuerzas opuestas. Por un lado está su deseo de tener un hijo, mientras que por el otro está la negación de ese deseo por parte de su esposo. También hay un conflicto dentro de Yerma, que lucha entre la necesidad de la maternidad y la (in) capacidad para lograrla. El análisis de fuerzas opuestas proporciona una idea del descubrimiento de los aspectos de personae dramatis, o sea Yerma. La hipótesis de partida es que el drama de la personalidad de Yerma es el resultado de una lucha inútil con el destino. Esta lucha se expresa a través de la relación con su esposo y a través de las propias limitaciones de Yerma que tienen como el resultado la frustración de Yerma. El objetivo del análisis es mostrar cómo se muestra la destrucción del mundo de la personae dramatis. Esta hipótesis se muestra al final de la novela en la que se divide la vida de Yerma. La unión matrimonial se rompe, el marido muere y la oportunidad de realizar el deseo y el sentido de la vida desaparece para siempre. La lucha de Jerma que tiene lugar dentro y fuera de ella representa la lucha del individuo y su destino.
Social media feedback. a different look at instagram as a collaborative learning tool
Authors: Ruiz-Ruiz Ingrid Ninoshka , Izaguirre Evelyn Jazmín Del Pezo
Published: May 2022

This study pretends to characterize the comments of instagram users to have an approval base from the conceptual and aesthetic point of view, to find out what effect has the feedback of this social network in the creation of creative concepts. We worked with the account "@distritovisual" where graphic pieces of bachelor’s students of Graphic Design in a private university in Guayaquil city where exhibited. A mixed approach with an exploratory-descriptive-causal scope was applied, an interview with an expert on the subject and the application of a rubric for the review and quantification of the comments of those who visited the profile, later these were analyzed by students for the respective conclusion in the decision making on the pedagogical relevance of instagram as a tool of collaborative learning that involves didactic interaction empowering education through feedback.
A Review on Agnikarma- A Boon for Pain Management and its Probable Mode of Action
Authors: Neha Uniyal  , Pankaj Kumar Sharma  , Sunil Gupta  , Devesh Shukla
Published: May 2022

Pain has always been a distressing feeling or the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. A pain free life is longing of everyone and this is the biggest challenge for the medical science practitioners nowadays as how to provide efficient pain management. In modern medicine we have variety of pain-relieving medications that works brilliantly for short period of time and when used for longer duration they come up with various side effects. So there is a need to find a way to relieve pain without much suffering to the patient and Agnikarma is one of the sound ways to do so. It is therapeutic burning with special tools on specific sites according to the disease. It is a parasurgical procedure that is utilized as curative procedure, or as postoperative procedure or in hemostatic manner. Agnikarma is derived from Ayurveda, a renowned Indian system of medicine, which is procedure used generally for the management of pain and also for curing various disorders. In Ayurveda Vata Dosha is responsible mainly for various types of Ruja or pain in the body and Agnikarma is one of the best method to pacifying Vata and Kapha Dosha and hence relieves pain. Acharya Sushruta, a renowned Vedic Indian surgeon has very well explained the eminence of Agnikarma by saying that the recurrence of disease will not be there if once they are treated with Agnikarma. He in his text mentioned various Dravyas according to the diseases through which Agnikarma can be performed. Also several Dahanaupkarana are mentioned in the classics that provide practitioner abundant methods to perform Agnikarma without much limitations
Ayurved Management of Plantar Psoriasis - A Case Report
Authors: Behera Satyajit  , Kajaria Divya
Published: May 2022

Psoriasis is a common chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory, proliferative, non-contagious disease of the skin affecting people who are genetically predisposed, with environment playing a critical role in the pathogenesis. There is no satisfactory treatment available in contemporary science as the recurrence rate is high, but Ayurved treatment can give promising result in such patients. Here in this case a 65 yrs old female came to OPD with complaints of cracks with intermittent bleeding in bilateral feet, thickened erythematous plaque, itching at the site of the lesion intense pain at the affected site, along with blackish discolouration of the bilateral feet. Looking into the Samprapti (pathogenesis) of the disease it Vata kapha pradhana tridosaja vikara, then the patient is administered with Kaishora gugulu and Maha manjisthadi Kashaya for internal medication along with Jeevantyadi yamak as external application. Within 1 month of treatment patient get satisfactory relieve in sign and symptoms.
Role of Leech Application with Ayurvedic Medication in the Management of Non-Healing Wound
Authors: Kotalgaonkar Rajeshwar Reddy GangaReddy  , Jare Shubhangi Govind  , Patki Rashmi Jayantrao
Published: May 2022

Wound is breaking in the continuity of any bodily tissue due to external action, by cut, bruise, or hematoma. From the time of Vedas wound and its management is one of the challenging task with which health science is dealing. A chronic wound is the wound that does not heal in an orderly set of stages and in a predictable amount of time or wounds that do not heal within three months are often considered chronic. There are many factors involve in healing of any wound. All factors should present at correct time to heal any wound but absence of any factors leads to delayed wound healing or non-healing wound. Modern science has explained in wound healing it involves Multiple cell actions and extracellular matrix and soluble mediators such as growth factors and cytokines. According to science wound dressings are conventionally only applied to shield the wound from external contamination so they don’t have any involvement in wound healing. In advanced era technology related to wound healing is developing rapidly. In Ayurveda Acharya Sushruta described various therapies for wound management i.e., Shashti Upakrama. One of them is Jalaukavacharan, leech application on the wound site. As leech contains various chemicals in their saliva, this chemical helps in reducing the blockage in the capillaries and improves micro- circulation. Here is a case study of patient suffering from non-healing wound treated with leech application.
The Antagonistic and Synergistic Comparison of the Antimicrobial Characteristics of Extracts of Some Herbs
Authors: DOĞAN Ayşegül , DARCAN Cihan
Published: May 2022

In the present study, the antagonistic and synergistic effects of Achillea millefolium L., Anthemis cretica L., Cichorium intybus L., Euphorbia seguieriana Necker and Hypericum perforatum L plant extracts collected from Samsun were investigated. Gram negative bacteria; Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella typhimurium, Gram positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes were used as research materials. In the research, methanol and diethyl were used as solvents. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were determined by microbroth dilution method. According to the results of the research; all plant extracts obtained using both methanol and diethyl ether solvent were determined to be more effective against gram positive bacteria. While the whole plant extract showed the most effect on Bacillus cereus bacteria, Hypericum perforatum L. methanol extract was the most effective plant against gram positive bacteria. Achillea millefolium L.: Cichorium intybus L., Achillea millefolium L.: Hypericum perforatum L. and Cichorium intybus L.: Hypericum perforatum L. methanol mixture extracts and Achillea millefolium L.: Hypericum perfarotum L. diethyl ether extract showed a synergistic effect, while other plant mixture extracts showed semi-synergistic or ineffective properties.
Assessing the Stability of the Oil and Gas Production in Common Fields: Application of Game Theory
Authors:   Department of Industrial Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Toufighi Seyed Pendar
Published: May 2022

One of Iran's oil and gas reservoirs' characteristics is that some of Iran's huge reservoirs are shared with its neighbors. Iran's common oil and gas fields with its neighbors are among the most valuable income and national wealth sources, so production delays cause irreparable damage to the national economy. Therefore, this research attempts to use game theory to investigate the optimal production of common oil and gas fields onshore and offshore. For this purpose, the existing revenues and production costs of oil and gas fields have been identified and extracted by reviewing the research literature. Yadavaran oil field and South Pars gas field were selected as case studies. After developing the model using mathematical optimization, the values of decision variables, optimal production rate, optimal selling price, and optimal profit for each player in each common field were calculated. The results of solving the designed games showed that the best strategy and Nash equilibrium for Iran is the strategy of cooperation.
Personal Selling Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Polis Asuransi PT Prudential Life Assurance Syariah Cabang Binjai
Authors: Lasmi Aida , Yusrizal Yusrizal
Published: May 2022

This research was conducted at PT. Prudential Life Assurance Medan branch. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research and field research, using document study tools, interviews and observations. The final step in the research method is data analysis. There are 200 licensed marketers. Both work actively and passively. The number of customer premiums fluctuates every year. So the results of the study show that the level of sales of policies and premiums cannot be separated from the popularity and image of a good company in the eyes of the community and the competence of a marketer or agent in personal selling activities carried out as well as the efforts made by agents who play a role in maintaining and increasing market share. market by always maintaining good communication with policyholders.

 Keywords: Personal Selling, Sales, Insurance Policy