bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT SYSTEM OF MILITARY COMMAND AND CONTROL BODIES BASED ON MODERN INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Havrylenko A.
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the features of the effectiveness of the functioning of the decision support system for military command bodies based on modern information and analytical technologies. The formation of the modern military-political situation occurs under the influence of hundreds or even thousands of factors, from which, for the purposes of practical policy, it is necessary to isolate the most important ones at the current time or for a certain period. Of several thousand factors, experts identify the main ones that allow us to quickly assess the impact of the air force on the formation of threats to state security and predict the development of the situation.
A competent strategic forecast allows us to soberly assess the situation, see current and future threats to national security, and formulate an adequate idea of the balance of power and the real potential for deterrence. It is described as a tool for evaluating and improving the management processes of military structures using the latest tools for analyzing and processing information. The article analyzes the main components of the system, their interaction and impact on strategic and tactical decision-making by military leaders. Emphasis is placed on the importance of using information technologies to improve the effectiveness of Military Management in modern conditions. Summing up, it can be noted that the effectiveness of the functioning of the decision support system of military management bodies based on modern information and analytical technologies is an important tool for ensuring the successful conduct of military operations in modern conditions. It contributes to improving the efficiency and efficiency of Strategic and tactical decision-making, which is critical for the successful implementation of military management tasks.
Challenges to Youth Engagement in Peacebuilding
Authors: Gyamfuaa-Abrefa Mary , Nyantakyi Francis , Kumah Vida Amankwaah , Adzahlie-Mensah Vincent
Published: November 2024

The agentic capacity of youth as peacebuilders is now not in doubt. In this paper we used a mixed methods research to explore the views of elite youth concerning the challenges to youth engagement in peacebuilding. The study population included 120 females and 183 males. Out of the 303, we noticed that 145 had some experience with conflict while 26 were active fighters. From the results, we argued that there are three strands of factors affecting youth engagement in peacebuilding. First, youth are mobilised by political forces (actors) and traditional leaders. Second, youth are excluded from peacebuilding initiatives because they are conceptualised as troublemakers. Thirdly, the youth lack peacebuilding skills. Therefore, peacebuilding organisations, institutions and networks should actively train youth in peace programming initiatives. National architectures of peace should organize peacebuilding capacity training programmes for youth and engage them actively in peacebuilding initiatives.
Humanistic Ailments: Exploring Proverbo-Therapy Potentials
Authors: Adedeji Isiaka Adetokunbo
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the therapeutic potentials of proverbs in line with the cosmological beliefs of the Yorùbá. Hinged on the popular saying, ‘Prevention is better than cure,’ the paper’s main thrust is the exploration of the possibility of deploying the use of proverbs as a truism to convince the ‘patient’ in a problem solving encounter, where, by extension, encounters are seen beyond medical related interactions. The saying is given credence by not only the medical psychologists but also by the scriptures. The concepts of Bach and Harnish’s Mutual Contextual Beliefs (MCBs) and Aristotelian Ethos were adopted as theoretical framework. 12 purposively selected Yoruba proverbs (translated into English) were used as data, and subjected to discourse analysis. The paper concludes that taking precautions from expertise advice, including medical education, and aphorism characteristic of proverbs could be more efficacious for a healthy lifestyle and affirms that obedience is truly better than sacrifice. Effective use of ‘words‘, at auspicious time, proves to be more medicinal than the actual intake of drugs. Therefore, ‘there is power in the word’ becomes more pragmatic in the Yorùbá attachment of much importance to linguistic and literary features associated with proverbs, especially the sharp wit, the humour, the rhetoric and all other aesthetic values of language use pertaining to caution, patience, self-confidence, invulnerability, inspiration, hope and all other lexical items of ‘healing’.
The Syntactic Agreement of Verbs with Enumerated Controller Subjects in Najdi Arabic: An HPSG Approach
Authors: Althawab Abdulrahman, A.. , Alsanadi Ruba, A..
Published: November 2024

Agreement is a complex linguistic phenomenon that draws attention to language’s subtle aspects. Its complexity arises from both its nature and the fact that it interrelates with various linguistic components such as syntax, semantics, morphology, and lexicology. While there is a wealth of literature on the topic of agreement, previous studies have primarily focused on the fundamental aspects of agreement, providing a solid foundation that could help uncover new insights into the idiosyncratic aspects ofthis phenomenon. Hence, this paper attempts to contribute to the current research on the topic of agreement by providing an in-depth analysis of a particular topic in Najdi Arabic subject-verb agreement, namely the agreement of verbs with enumerated controller subjects. It also aims to investigate the factors that may play a role in the idiosyncratic agreement patterns observed in such constructions. This will be accomplished using the framework of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, which is one of the main non-transformational theories in generative syntax.
Deriving an equation of electric potential of a point P separated from a charged flat plate
Authors: Michiro Akaiwa
Published: November 2024

An equation of electric potential of a particle P separated from a uniformly charged flat plate was theoretically derived. An equation of electric field was also introduced from this equation. The electric potential is expressed by equation comprised of the logarithmic function and tangential inverse trigonometric function, which include elements (i.e. oblique line and sides of a base) of the quadrangular pyramid PABCO created by connecting the point P with respective vertexes of a rectangle and irrational function. The equation of the electric potential produced when the point P is just above the center of the flat plate is expressed as equation four times the equation symmetric with respect to a and b which are lengths of the sides in the base of the pyramid
Preliminary Terrain Electromagnetic Method of Geophysical Investigation as Aids to Groundwater Development in Oru-Ijebu South-West Nigeria
Authors: Ishola S. A.
Published: November 2024

An electromagnetic method of geophysical investigation for preliminary stage of groundwater development was carried out using conductivity measurement for the purpose of locating fractured/fissured zones and associated groundwater media at Oru-Ijebu, South-West Nigeria. The area is typical basement complex rocks of South-West, Nigeria with the local geology predominantly dominated by granite gneiss with associated comprising of granite, banded gneiss, pegmatite, and undifferentiated migmatite and these have been intruded by quartz veins and pegmatite veins. Measurements of the ground conductivity were carried out with Geonics EM 34-3 along 10 traverses whose profile lengths varied between 160 and 200 m. Intensive geophysical fieldworks were performed utilizing Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Method (FDEM) using Geonics-EM-34 to determine the vertical and lateral variations of subsurface conductivity. The EM data were acquired at 500 m intervals along 20 profiles (2 on each traverse) with acquired data further processed and interpreted. The processed data were further presented as horizontal and vertical plots on a line graph. In the 10 m coil spacing, the highest and lowest subsurface conductivity is exhibited by EMORU1 and EMORU6 with the values of 164mmho/m and 68mmho/m respectively in HDM. The highest and lowest conductivity is exhibited by EMORU4 and EMORU10 with the values of 139mmho/m and 70mmho/m respectively in VDM. Also, in 20m inter coil spacing, the highest conductivity is jointly observed in EMORU2 with 190mmho/m and 200mmho/m in HDM and VDM respectively. The lowest conductivity is equally observed in EMORU6 with values of 56mmho/m and 80mmho/m for HDM and VDM respectively with the analysis identified key lateral distances for groundwater prospecting, particularly between 72 m to 154 m along the profiles. This study has therefore investigated and characterized the study area for possible groundwater exploration, with varying conductivity values with locations of high conductivity reflection points and cross-over points are prospective sites for groundwater exploration while locations of similar trends in both HDM and VDM possess the same lithology. The qualitative interpretation of EM results identified areas of hydrogeologic importance and forms a predictive and suggestive basis for Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) investigation; points of positive EM anomalies were considered as priority area for electrical resistivity sounding and prospective groundwater development, since they suggest lithological variations within the unconsolidated overburden and/or water–filled fissures in the bedrock. The identified major geological interfaces were suspected to be of weathered zones.
Security Quality Measurement Based on ISO/IEC 25023 Quality Model Case Study: Hospital Management Information System
Authors: Taniasari Nungky , Shodikin Mohamad
Published: November 2024

Hospitals need to protect the security of data assets, where data assets are an important part of the continuity of hospital operations. In connection with the protection of data and information assets in the hospital, it has become a requirement for the hospital information technology team to carry out a security audit of the hospital management information system (HMIS). In this study, we measured the quality of the HMIS software in X Hospital using ISO 25023 which focused on the security aspects of the outpatient service module and drug services in the outpatient pharmacy unit. The security aspect based on the ISO 25023 standard consists of five main characteristics, namely: confidentiality, integrity, non-repudiation, accountability and authenticity. In the early stages, calculations are carried out to find the value of each measurement standard which is denoted by (X). The X value is based on the standard calculation range of values 0 and 1. The threshold value is determined at 0.80 to categorize the point quality whether it is not good or has met the ISO 25023 quality point. The results of software quality measurements show Internal Data Corruption Prevention is worth 0.75 and is at below a predetermined threshold value. Based on these results, it is recommended to improve one of them by replication the database to minimize the possibility of Internal Data Corruption Prevention. In this study, all aspects of software quality have an average value above the threshold, so it can be concluded that HMIS in RS X meets ISO 25023 standards.
Time Resolved Variations of PM0.5, PM 2.5 and PM5 in Number from some Selected Areas (Savar, Gazipur and Narayanganj) of Dhaka Division
Authors: Hoque Mir Md. Mozammal , Hasan Khan Md. Mehedi , Ahmed Md. Kawsar , Surovee Tania Suchona , Datta Sarathy , Homaira Rifa Afia , Akter Khadiza , Kumar Biswas Gautom , Kumar Bonik Prodip
Published: November 2024

The study was conducted to find out the time resolve variations of particulate matters (PM0.5, PM2.5 and PM5) in some selected places of Savar, Gazipur and Narayanganj of Dhaka division using Video Particle Counter 300 (VPC 300). We found the distribution pattern of atmospheric particles in all the area studied as 0.5 µm>2.5 µm>5 µm. In this study, we observed that PM0.5, PM2.5, and PM5 particles have been increased from morning to noon and evening, indicating their sources are anthropogenic. During the morning, PM0.5 particle in number ranged from 176269-268219 N (avg. 23640730572 N). However, at noon particle having size of 0.5 µm in number ranged from 290785-412355 N (avg. 33652543905 N) and at evening, particle of same size ranged from 390968 N-694691 N, (avg. 49200385049 N). Interestingly, PM0.5 size has been increased in the study area by ~1.4 times of same size from morning to noon and by ~1.5 times than that of noon. Such increment of PM0.5 from morning to noon and evening may signify their sources in the study areas are associated with anthropogenic activities like vehicles, industry and construction activities. Moreover, in the morning time PM5 loads in number has been decreased by 4.5 times than those of PM2.5, indicating atmospheric dry deposition of larger size particles from the study area.
A szakértői összeférhetetlenségről
Authors: Petrétei Dávid
Published: November 2024

The author provides an overview of the history and the application of the 2007 amendment of the Hungarian Criminal Procedure Code, specifically its provision on expert witnesses and how it impedes police involvement.
Innovative navigation: a smart cane solution with GPS, GSM, and real-time image capture
Authors: Kada Biteur , Bounaoua Tounsi Mohammed , Dine Ben Ghochi Imad
Published: November 2024

Our article presents the design, study, and implementation of a smart cane aimed at enhancing the autonomy and safety of individuals who are blind or visually impaired. The solution is built around an Arduino board, integrated with various sensors and modules, to provide real-time tactile and auditory feedback to the user. Utilizing a combination of basic and advanced technologies, this smart cane detects obstacles at varying distances, triggering sound and vibration alerts to assist the user in navigation. Beyond these essential functions, the cane offers advanced features such as real-time image capture and obstacle recognition through the ESP32-CAM module. Additionally, the system is equipped with a GSM module that facilitates emergency communication by sending SMS messages with the user’s GPS location, obtained via the Neo-6M GPS module. These technological enhancements improve user safety by streamlining obstacle detection and enabling remote assistance when needed. The primary objective is to create a comprehensive solution that not only detects and avoids obstacles but also provides visual information and supports communication with caregivers or emergency services. By doing so, the smart cane contributes to a higher degree of independence and an improved quality of life for blind and visually impaired individuals.
The Use of Work-Simulated Learning in a Strategic Integrated Communication Module to Bridge the Gap between Theory and Practice: A Reflection of the Experiential Learning Pathway of Faculty
Authors: De Villiers Jacobus Marthinus , Degenaar Anette , Banda Chilombo
Published: November 2024

This article explored the integration of Work-Simulated Learning to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Due to contextual factors, students from North-West University, South Africa cannot participate in Work-Integrated Learning within a Strategic Integrated Communication module. To address this issue, faculty at North-West University incorporated Simulation-Based Learning within their module. A qualitative research approach was executed to gain insights into the faculty’s experiences regarding the implementation of Work-Simulated Learning as an experiential learning approach. Utilising Gibbs’s (1988) reflective cycle, this study explored module instructors’ perceptions of using Work-Simulated Learning. Findings suggest that instructors viewed the inclusion of Work-Simulated Learning as a practical approach to bridging the gap between theory and practice in the absence of Work-Integrated Learning. Due to the positive experiences highlighted by the instructors, this study recommends the incorporation of Work-Simulated Learning to enhance student readiness by not only mimicking industry but also by including industry in the formulation of Work-Simulated Learning scenarios. The main conclusion of the study emphasised the experiences of lecturers at the North-West University regarding the incorporation of Work-Simulated Learning as an alternative to Work-Integrated Learning to enhance student engagement and increase career development.

Keywords: Work-Simulated Learning, Simulation-Based Learning, Experiential Learning, Gibbs Reflective Cycle, Strategic Integrated Communication
Memahami Esensi kepemimpinan Rohani: Kajian Tentang Kemampuan Public Speaking Bagi Pengkhotbah
Authors: Rianto Fernando David , Sugiharto Ayub
Published: November 2024

Kepemimpinan rohani tidak hanya terkait dengan pengaruh rohani, tetapi juga dengan kemampuan untuk mempengaruhi dan menginspirasi orang lain melalui kata-kata. Dalam konteks pengkhotbah, kemampuan public speaking menjadi kunci untuk menyampaikan pesan rohani dengan efektif dan menarik bagi audiens. Tujuan dari artikel ini yaitu memahami esensi kepemimpinan rohani: kajian tentang kemampuan public speaking bagi pengkhotbah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi literatur, meneliti menggunakan data dari berbagai artikel jurnal, situs berita online dan berbagai buku untuk mendpatkan informasi yang deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pemahaman esensi kepemimpinan rohani yang efektif dan kemampuan public speaking yang baik yaitu public speaking yang mampu mempengaruhi pemikiran maupun perasaan audiensnya sangat berpengaruh bagi seorang pengkhotbah.
The Outflowing [O ii] Nebulae of Compact Starburst Galaxies at z ∼ 0.5
Authors: Perrotta Serena , Coil Alison L. , Rupke David S. N. , Ning Wenmeng , Duong Brendan , Diamond-Stanic Aleksandar M. , Fielding Drummond B. , Geach James E. , Hickox Ryan C. , Moustakas John , Rudnick Gregory H. , Sell Paul H. , Swiggum Cameren N. , Tremonti Christy A.
Published: November 2024

High-velocity outflows are ubiquitous in compact, massive (M
* ∼ 1011
M
⊙), z ∼ 0.5 galaxies with extreme star formation surface densities (ΣSFR ∼ 2000 M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2). We have previously detected and characterized these outflows using Mg ii absorption lines. To probe their full extent, we present Keck/KCWI integral field spectroscopy of the [O ii] and Mg ii emission nebulae surrounding all of the 12 galaxies in this study. We find that [O ii] is more effective than Mg ii in tracing low surface brightness, extended emission in these galaxies. The [O ii] nebulae are spatially extended beyond the stars, with radial extent R
90 between 10 and 40 kpc. The nebulae exhibit nongravitational motions, indicating galactic outflows with maximum blueshifted velocities ranging from −335 to −1920 km s−1. The outflow kinematics correlate with the bursty star formation histories of these galaxies. Galaxies with the most recent bursts of star formation (within the last <3 Myr) exhibit the highest central velocity dispersions (σ ≳ 400 km s−1), while the oldest bursts have the lowest-velocity outflows. Many galaxies exhibit both high-velocity cores and more extended, slower-moving gas indicative of multiple outflow episodes. The slower, larger outflows occurred earlier and have decelerated as they propagate into the circumgalactic medium and mix on timescales ≳50 Myr.
Meso-inflationary Peccei–Quinn Symmetry Breaking with Nonminimal Coupling
Authors: Aldabergenov Yermek , Ding Ding , Lin Wei , Wan Yidun
Published: November 2024

We study a realization of the inflationary scenario where the Peccei–Quinn (PQ) symmetry is spontaneously broken during inflation, facilitated by its nonminimal coupling to gravity. This results in, effectively, a two-field inflation: the early stage is driven by an inflaton field with the PQ symmetry intact, and the later stage is driven by the PQ scalar after its effective mass becomes tachyonic, causing destabilization from the origin. The nonminimal coupling serves the dual purpose of restoring the PQ symmetry during early inflation and flattening the PQ potential posttachyonic shift, allowing for continued slow-roll. We analyze the inflationary background solutions and scalar perturbations, which are amplified at small scales via significant isocurvature perturbations generated near the symmetry-breaking epoch. These perturbations lead to second-order gravitational waves, detectable by next-generation space-based experiments.
The Impact of Military Expenditures on the Indebtedness of the Czech Republic and Lithuania
Authors: Petra ONDRACKOVA  , Jakub ODEHNAL  , Jiri NEUBAUER
Published: November 2024

While several studies have examined the relationship between military expenditures and economic growth, only few studies have focused on the nexus between these expenditures and indebtedness. The authors have been focused on the analysis of the impact of military expenditures on the indebtedness of the Czech Republic and Lithuania over the period 1999-2022. The aim of the paper is to investigate whether the increase in military expenditures has an impact on the countries' indebtedness. The authors have used nine variables characterizing the economic development to identify the relationship between the trends in military expenditures and economic indebtedness based on the results of the estimated models. The results of the correlation analysis showed the expected effect only in the case of Lithuania. The results of the estimated ARDL model did not show the effect of military expenditures on the countries´ indebtedness.
Analysis of Traffic Accidents with the Deployment of the Fire Rescue Service in the Regions of the Czech Republic
Authors: Petra KOLISKOVA  , Jiri NEUBAUER
Published: November 2024

Traffic accidents are an ongoing safety issue. The aim of this paper is to use a statistical apparatus to describe and model the random variable that is the daily number of accidents. The data on traffic accidents come from the database of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic from 2012–2021 and are described by time and location data. Analysis of variance for a random variable with a Poisson probability distribution was used in the modelling. The resulting analyses describe the evolution of the daily number of accidents with the deployment of firefighters in each region of the Czech Republic. The work that deals with the modelling of the number of traffic accidents, as a random variable with a Poisson probability distribution, using GLM methods is unique in the Czech Republic.
Copepod community structure and functional feeding groups off the Central Mexican Pacific (spring of 2015)
Authors: Cabrera-Núñez Susana , De Silva-Dávila Roxana , Hernández-Trujillo Sergio
Published: November 2024

Copepods respond rapidly to ecosystem variability at different spatial-temporal scales as part of the pelagic ecosystem and marine trophic webs. This work addresses the lack of knowledge of the copepods community's response to environmental changes in the convergence of the water masses and marine currents of the Central Mexican Pacific (CMP). Zooplankton samples (April 2015) from vertical hauls (100-0 m) and water column environmental variables from CTD casts were obtained. Warm environmental conditions predominated in the CMP due to El Niño 2014-2015. Copepod abundance community is distributed homogeneously without statistical differences in the community structure, collection time, ecological indexes, or functional feeding group. The dominant species were Subeucalanus subcrassus, Centropages furcatus, and Subeucalanus mucronatus. The exclusion of the dominant and abundant species from our statistical analyses allowed us to determine latitudinal differences in the underlying community structure. Statistical analysis (similarity percentage analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) identified three species-sampling stations groups (north, south, pacific) with significant differences in the community composition and functional feeding groups related to contrasting environmental conditions, particularly in the north vs. the south of the CMP related to dissolved oxygen, salinity, and chlorophyll-a concentrations gradients, and to the influence of local and mesoscale oceanographic and biological processes registered in the water column despite the homogeneous tropical conditions. This first approach to the copepod community structure of the CMP also gave us information about the water column environment during a period affected by warm conditions due to El Niño 2014-2015, identifying areas of high productivity with possible effects at higher trophic levels.
First steps toward implementing Trojan-sex chromosomal control of the invasive jewel cichlid Hemichromis guttatus
Authors: Luna Sergio , Montiel-Condado Dvorak , Mendoza-Alfaro Roberto
Published: November 2024

The jewel cichlid, Hemichromis guttatus, a fish native to Africa, was introduced into Cuatrociénegas, Mexico, a natural protected area and has negatively impacted native species. To manage its populations, the Trojan-sex chromosomes technique, a genetic method that skews sex ratios over time by releasing YY (trojan) individuals, was implemented. Screening for sexual genotypes while creating YY individuals is crucial to its success. In the current work, we tested two putative genetic markers for the sexual genotype of jewel cichlids after subjecting them to sex reversal treatments. From 15 to 60 days after hatching (DAH), jewel cichlid larvae were fed diets containing either 17β-estradiol (feminization) or fadrozole (masculinization). Using RT-qPCR, the relative gene expression of cyp19a1a and foxl2 was measured at 15, 30, 45, and 60 DAH. Oral administration of 17β-estradiol resulted in 100% feminization; fadrozole achieved 50% jewel cichlid males. The treatments unaffected the organism's length, weight, or survival. Although cyp19a1a was expressed at 15 DAH, its expression was not found in subsequent sampling periods. At 30 DAH, foxl2 levels in the feminized organisms were lower than in the control group. There were no variations in the foxl2 levels between the masculinization and feminization treatments at 45 DAH. According to endpoint PCR, the expression levels started to decline at 60 DAH. The sex reversal period might be shortened if gene expression patterns are taken into account. Our findings support the use of foxl2 for sexual genotype screening in later stages of the generation of YY males.
Food supplementation with essential oil of Lippia sidoides for Cyprinus carpio koi as prevention against Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Brando de Medeiros Paula , Furtado William Eduardo , Cardoso Lucas , Clemente Fernandes Manoela , Gomes dos Santos Gracienhe , Rabelo Lisboa Thais , Pereira Dutra Scheila Anelise , Silva Costa Domickson , Maia Chaves Francisco Célio , Pedreira Mouriño José Luiz , Laterça Martins Maurício
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Lippia sidoides essential oil as a food additive for Cyprinus carpio koi carp in improving the health parameters and resistance to infection by Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 312 carp were divided into groups. Twenty-four animals were in the lethal dose 50% (LD50) test group. The remaining 288 were distributed in 24 experimental units (n = 12) divided into six treatments-Lippia0.250%, Lippia0.125%, Lippia0.063%, Lippia0.031%, alcohol, and control-with four replicates each. The animals were fed thrice daily with 5% of living biomass for 55 days. At the end of the period, five specimens were collected from each treatment to analyze the intestinal tract's zootechnical performance, hematological analysis, and microbiology. The remaining animals were challenged with A. hydrophila, and the mortality rate was monitored for 100 days. Thymol was the component with the highest concentration (76.6%) in the essential oil of L. sidoides. Fish fed Lippia0.125% had the greatest post-challenge survival. Fish fed Lippia0.063% showed increased zootechnical performance, and those fed Lippia0.250% had the highest concentration of lactic acid bacteria in the intestine. Hematological analyses did not show significant differences among treatments. The authors suggest new studies with higher concentrations of L. sidoides essential oil in the diet of C. carpio than were used in this study.
Empirical estimation of life history parameters of Mugil galapagensis and Mugil thoburni from the Galapagos Islands
Authors: Layana-Jácome Allison , Flores-Vera Luis , Ramírez-González Jorge , Marin Jarrin José R.
Published: November 2024

The yellow-tail (Mugil galapagensis) and black-tail mullet (M. thoburni) are the Galapagos artisanal finfish fishery's most commercially important mugilids species. Despite this, knowledge about their biological characteristics is scarce and limited. In this study, the basic biological parameters of M. galapagensis and M. thoburni were estimated using empirical equations for combined sex based on total length (TL, cm) data from landings on Santa Cruz Island. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters for M. galapagensis were L∞ = 69.14 cm TL, k = 0.204 yr-1, ϕ' = 2.989, and t0 = -0.658 years, and for M. thoburni were L∞ = 62.26 cm TL, k = 0.218 yr-1, ϕ' = 2.927 and t0 = -0.631 years. The size (L50%) and age (t50%) at maturity was estimated at 35.80 cm TL (2.92 years) and 32.41 cm TL (2.74 years) for M. galapagensis and M. thoburni, respectively. The theoretical maximum age (tmax) and natural mortality (M) for M. galapagensis were 12.28 years and 0.32 yr-1, respectively. While for M. thoburni both parameters were 11.28 years and 0.35 yr-1. In conclusion, both mugilids species have slow growth, reach sexual maturity at about three years, are moderately long-lived, and have a slightly high natural mortality.
Economic analysis of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production based on farm size and number of rearing tanks
Authors: Burad-Méndez Ahmed , Domínguez-May Roger , Olvera-Novoa Miguel A. , Robledo Daniel , Salas Silvia
Published: November 2024

This study evaluated the scale effect of the production, investment, and profitability of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus farming through benefit/cost ratio (B/C), the average and marginal return on investment (ROI), net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR). The financial return of the annual production based on the number of grow-out tanks was considered a decision criterion for the size or scale to invest in or expand a tilapia aquaculture farm. The model considered two yearly rearing cycles with a density of 35 fish m-3 and a mortality rate of 5%. HDPE liner tanks of 16 m in diameter with a volume of 212 m3 were used as the unit of scale in an outdoor intensive system. The simulation model determined that the farm sizes of 32, 48, 64, and 80 tanks with IRR values of 78, 94, 104, and 111%, respectively, had the highest economic efficiency considering the economic model criteria proposed in this study. Increasing returns to scale were evidenced in farm sizes from 1 to 30 tanks, with a tendency for constant returns to scale in sizes greater than 30. The most indicative scale effect was observed when increasing from 32 to 48 tanks, with a change of -1.5% in the average cost of production, -13.9% in the unit investment cost, 63% in NPV, and 21.1% in IRR. It is recommended to first invest in a system of 32 grow-out tanks and further increase the production scale to 48 tanks to improve the industry's profitability.
Estimation of age, growth, and length at first maturity of the round herring Etrumeus acuminatus (Gilbert, 1890) on the western coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico
Authors: Flores-Anaya Ricardo Javier , Quiñonez–Velázquez Casimiro , Arizmendi-Rodríguez Dana Isela , Moreno-Sánchez Xchel Gabriel
Published: November 2024

In Mexico, the round herring Etrumeus acuminatus is caught along with other small pelagic fishes of the Western Baja California Sur coast (WBCSC) and Gulf of California. This species has a discontinuous distribution on the eastern margin of the Pacific Ocean, and its population structure and dynamics are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the direct determination of age using otoliths, estimated length at first sexual maturity (L50), and individual growth parameter determination of round herrings caught off the WBCSC. A total of 731 specimens were collected through monthly biological sampling from 2012 to 2022. Age-length data were obtained from 617 otoliths. The growth was isometric (b = 3); however, the differences in the length-weight relationship were significant between sexes (F = 7621, P < 0.05). Up to seven age groups were identified (0 ± 6). The L50 and individual growth parameters were estimated using a multimodel approach. The Lysack (1979), White et al. (2002), Brouwer & Griffiths (2005), and logistic models showed statistically solid support for L50 estimation in both sexes. The von Bertalanffy model provided the best fit for the data to describe individual growth in both sexes. Significant differences between sexes were detected in the L50 estimates (P < 0.05). However, the differences in growth parameters between sexes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
Processes and mechanisms that determine the planktonic production in the largest bay inside the Gulf of California, Mexico: a synthesis and review
Authors: Coria-Monter Erik , Monreal-Gómez María Adela , Salas-de-León David Alberto , Durán-Campos Elizabeth , Rocha-Díaz Franco Antonio , Torres-Martínez Carlos Mauricio
Published: November 2024

The Bay of La Paz (BLP) is located in the southwestern portion of the Gulf of California (GC), the largest and deepest coastal environment along the gulf. The BLP is recognized for its high biological diversity and is a place of refuge, growth, and feeding for several emblematic species, some of which are critically endangered. However, what makes the BLP productive? This paper presents a synthesis and review of the physical processes and mechanisms related to planktonic production, which are directly linked to productivity at higher trophic levels, including top predators. This review reveals that the BLP has a high richness and abundance of plankton species. Several hydrodynamic processes at different scales exert a marked influence on these organisms, including internal waves, hydraulic jumps, thermohaline fronts, the presence of a dipole eddy, and a quasi-permanent cyclonic eddy that is confined to the bay, which induces Ekman pumping that determines the availability of nutrients in the euphotic zone. This eddy induces a differential phytoplankton distribution, with a predominance of dinoflagellates in its center and the dominance of diatoms in its periphery. This arrangement is closely linked to that of zooplankton. Herbivorous zooplankton are highly abundant in the periphery of the eddy, while omnivorous zooplankton are dominant in the center. In contrast, carnivorous zooplankton are dominant in the GC. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the dynamics of the BLP over the last two decades, gaps remain unaddressed. This review highlights the areas of opportunity to continue advancing this endeavor, achieve a better scientific understanding of the region, and propose better management and conservation plans for this highly diverse area.
Reproductive season and first maturity size of the spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner, 1869) in the Pacific of Guatemala: A baseline for fishery management
Authors: Vélez-Arellano Nurenskaya , Hernández-Padilla Juan Carlos , García-Domínguez Federico , Colunga-Reyes Pablo , Capetillo-Piñar Norberto , Ortíz-Aldana José Roberto , Gijón-Yescas Neftaly , Velázquez-Abunader Iván
Published: November 2024

The spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) is a commercially important species that provides economic income to small-scale fisheries in the Pacific coastal regions of Guatemala; however, there are no studies on this species that establish a baseline of knowledge on their reproductive aspects and potential management measures. The present study was carried out to obtain the first knowledge on the reproductive behavior of this resource, which will contribute to the establishment of future management strategies for the fisheries. Aspects of gonadal-maturity phases and reproductive indicators such as the condition factor, gonadosomatic index, and temporal oocyte diameter were analyzed to estimate reproductive development and the size at first maturity. The results suggest that the spotted rose snapper has two well-defined reproductive periods - from October to December and March to May. These periods were closely related to temperatures that ranged from 29 to 31°C. In addition, according to the monthly monitoring of the oocyte diameter density distribution, it is suggested that spotted rose snapper in the region could participate in up to three spawning events during the reproductive season, with gamete development occurring throughout most of the entire study period. The first size at maturity was a total length (TL) of 33.49 cm (confidence interval = 30.95-36.14 cm). This information is important for sustainable fishery management and provides a baseline for future research.
Conservation priorities for threatened mammals of Vietnam: Implementation of the IUCN´s One Plan Approach
Authors: Höffner Hanna , Nguyen Son Truong , Dang Phuong Huy , Motokawa Masaharu , Oshida Tatsuo , Rödder Dennis , Nguyen Truong Quang , Le Minh Duc , Bui Hai Tuan , Ziegler Thomas
Published: November 2024

Vietnam belongs to one of the most well-known global biodiversity hotspots. However, its biodiversity is being threatened by multiple factors such as rapid growth of the human population, habitat destruction, overexploitation, and climate change. To better prioritize conservation measures for Vietnam’s mammal fauna, this study attempts to identify the threat status, level of endemism, and protected area coverage for approximately 329 recognized taxa. In addition, ex situ conservation measures are investigated by analyzing zoo databases. Our results show that as many as 112 mammal species (~34%) in Vietnam are officially listed as threatened, 36 (~11%) are country endemics, and nine (~3%) are micro-endemic. Nearly all threatened species are currently covered by protected areas, except for two species of high conservation importance, i.e., the micro-endemic Murina harpioloides (Chiroptera) and the threatened Lepus sinensis (Lagomorpha). Our results also suggest that such areas as Hoang Lien Range, northeastern Vietnam, and the central and southern Annamite Mountains require more conservation attention, as they harbor a high number of endemic species. Analyses of the Zoological Information Management System reveal that roughly 60% (67 species) of threatened species are currently kept in zoos (ex situ) across the world, while none of the species listed as “Data Deficient” are currently represented in any ex situ program. Up to 66% of 89 species kept in zoos show a good number of breeding successes in the past 12 months. It is recommended that future conservation efforts focus on unprotected threatened mammals and on evaluating the threat status for “Data Deficient” species. Additionally, the existing protected area system's effectiveness should be improved by creating corridors to provide connectivity for highly mobile and widely distributed mammal species.
Molecular simulation-based evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of natural compounds derived from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.): Computational multi-target approaches
Authors: Patricia Vinda Maharani , Hidayat Aulia Fikri , Fakih Taufik Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Various components of the tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) have undergone pharmacological assessment to highlight their traditional role in addressing different health conditions. The anti-inflammatory properties of thirteen natural substances were investigated through the use of molecular docking conducted with AutoDock 4.2.6 Tools and Molecular Dynamics Simulations (MDS) executed with GROMACS 2016.3. ADME characteristics were assessed using SwissADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion). Chlorogenic acid and rutin, plant-derived natural compounds, showed substantial binding tendencies with cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phosphodiesterase-7 (PDE7), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and prostaglandin F synthase. Rutin emerged as the most notable among the tested compounds (docking energy: −11.0 kcal/mol against PDE7 and prostaglandin F synthase). Chlorogenic acid also displayed substantial and noteworthy binding energies of −9.4 kcal/mol with PDE4 and PDE7 receptors. Consequently, these investigated natural compounds could potentially serve as agents that reduce inflammation and require additional in vitro and in vivo studies to aid the creation of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
A new species of Proaphelinoides Girault (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) from China, with a phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Jiang Yan-yan , Zhao Huifeng , Chen Ye
Published: November 2024

A new species of Proaphelinoides Girault, Proaphelinoides huangi Chen & Jiang, sp. nov., is reported from China. A key to all species of the genus is provided. DNA standard barcode COI and partial nuclear ribosomal 28S-D2 from two individuals of Proaphelinoides were sequenced, and 28S-D2 rDNA was included in a phylogenetic analysis, confirming Proaphelinoides as the sister group to Aphytis.
A Composite Counternarrative of Discrimination as a Social Determinant of Health: Black College Women's Experiences of Gendered Racism
Authors: Burton Wanda Martin , Sanders Angelia M. , Jaiswal Jessica , Guyotte Kelly W. , Bartlett Tracy Robin
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Discrimination is a social determinant of health (SDOH) that negatively affects racially minoritized students and patients. Nurses and nurse educators must understand discrimination, including nuanced and intersecting ways that it negatively affects academic and health outcomes.

Method

In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 Black women at a primarily White institution in the Southeast United States. The interview guide, informed by critical race and intersectionality theories, explored experiences of gendered racism, particularly in the students' social environments. Narrative analysis was conducted, then a composite counternarrative was composed to portray experiences of gendered racism across multiple levels, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional.

Results

The composite narrative revealed experiences of multi-leveled gendered racial microaggressions that shape the daily lived experiences of Black college women students. Three main themes emerged:
Limited Autonomy
,
Differential Treatment and Differential Assumptions
, and
Differential Access to Power and Resources
.

Conclusion

Gendered racism differs from White women's experiences of sexism and Black men's experiences of racism. Institutional efforts to support Black college women must be intentional in addressing the unique ways they experience discrimination in various settings on campus. Nurses' and nurse educators' understanding of gendered racism as a SDOH may ease the hesitancy in addressing health inequities. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx
(x), xx–xx.]
The impact of personalized recommendation on purchase intention under the background of big data
Authors: Yun Xin , Chun Myung Hwan
Published: November 2024

In order to address the problem of information overload, numerous solutions have been proposed, among which recommender systems stand out as one of the most effective. By reviewing and organizing existing literature both domestically and internationally, this paper evaluated personalized recommendations on the Internet across six dimensions: information layout, recommendation way, recommendation strength, recommendation precision, recommendation timeliness, and recommendation interactivity. Simultaneously, it considered the customer's mind-flow experience and perceived trust as mediating variables, and consumer purchasing intention as the dependent variable of the study. Furthermore, based on relevant theories, this paper constructed a corresponding research model to explore how personalized recommendations influence customers' intention to purchase by affecting their mind-flow experience and perceived trust through this model.
Cooperation in the face of crisis: effect of demographic noise in collective-risk social dilemmas
Authors: Fontanari José F.
Published: November 2024

In deciding whether to contribute to a public good, people often face a social dilemma known as the tragedy of the commons: either bear the cost of promoting the collective welfare, or free-ride on the efforts of others. Here, we study the dynamics of cooperation in the context of the threshold public goods games, in which groups must reach a cumulative target contribution to prevent a potential disaster, such as an environmental crisis or social unrest, that could result in the loss of all private wealth. The catch is that the crisis may never materialize, and the investment in the public good is lost. Overall, higher risk of loss promotes cooperation, while larger group size tends to undermine it. For most parameter settings, free-riders (defectors) cannot be eliminated from the population, leading to a coexistence equilibrium between cooperators and defectors for infinite populations. However, this equilibrium is unstable under the effect of demographic noise (finite population), since the cooperator-only and defector-only states are the only absorbing states of the stochastic dynamics. We use simulations and finite-size scaling to show that cooperators eventually die off and derive scaling laws for the transient lifetimes or half-lives of the coexistence metastable state. We find that for high risk, the half-life of cooperators increases exponentially with population size, while for low risk, it decreases exponentially with population size. At the risk threshold, where the coexistence regime appears in a discontinuous manner, the half-life increases with a power of the population size.
Retour à la « culture d’élèves » : la structuration du milieu de la danse moderne au Japon, dans les années 1920 et 1930
Authors: Kitahara Mariko
Published: November 2024

Au Japon, la danse moderne dépend largement d’une « culture d’élèves ». La gestion d’un studio, l’enseignement quotidien et une ou deux représentations annuelles avec les élèves structurent la vie professionnelle des danseurs et danseuses. On trouve l’origine de ce phénomène dans la culture de yûgei, arts amateurs et dilettantes de l’époque d’Edo, qui comprend la danse classique japonaise. Les pionniers et pionnières de la danse moderne n’ont pourtant pas immédiatement recouru à cette tradition. Ce n’est que vers 1930, quelques années après leur retour d’Europe et des États-Unis, qu’émerge le prototype d’une « culture d’élèves » telle qu’elle existe encore d’aujourd’hui. Quelles motivations ont alors orienté ces danseurs et danseuses vers la tradition ? Et quelle connexion est-il possible de faire entre ce retour à la tradition et les modernités chorégraphiques occidentales qu’ils et elles ont vues pendant leurs voyages ? De 1924 à 1934, une décennie cruciale aura permis la transformation et la structuration de la danse moderne au Japon.