bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ukrainian Archaeologists-Nonconformists of the Totalitarian Era
Authors:   DSc in History, Professor, Head of the Eneolithic–Bronze Age Archaeology department, Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Otroshchenko Vitaliy
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of manifestations of intellectual resistance of scientists to the ruling regime during 1920—80s, which has signs of non-conformism. The author considers the concept of “non-conformism”, based on the definition of the Russian human rights activist Yu. F. Lukin: in every society there are not only those who support the official policy, indifferent conformists, but also those who disagree, dissidents who oppose the dominant religion, ideology, the existing political system, a way of life. The topic of non-conformism in archaeology was substantiated by Russian thinker L. S. Klein, who included G. A. Bonch-Osmolovskyi, S. M. Zamyatnin, O. M. Rogachev, O. L. Mongait, G. B. Fedorov and A. S. Formozov among them. L. S. Klein should be added to them. Among the Ukrainian archaeologists of the totalitarian era, the personalities of M. O. Makarenko, V. P. Petrov (Domontovych), M. Yu. Braichevskyi, B. M. Mozolevskyi, S. N. Bratchenko attract attention. They represent four generations of native scholars who consistently carried the baton of resistance to the ruling regime until its logical collapse in 1991, which they had foreseen. They deliberately chose public forms of protest through speeches, statements, lectures, creation and distribution of resonant scientific texts in the country and abroad. An important role was played by communication with colleagues and students in the archaeological expeditions they led. In the system of total control created by the authorities, non-conformists quickly became the objects of close attention from the State Security Committee. The declassified archives of the special services shed light on the methods of their work with a contingent of people dangerous to the regime, including: study, recruitment attempts, prevention and repressive forms of influence, up to execution (the fate of M. O. Makarenko). All mentioned researchers had gone through the control system. B. M. Mozolevskyi was saved from arrest thanks to the Pectoral he found. The system did not allow revealing and realizing the powerful creative potential of deviant creators. This did not save it, and irreparable damage was done to science.
Diabetic Embryopathies
Authors: Gajagowni Saivaroon , Nair Pooja , Bapat Alka C. , Vachharajani Akshaya J.
Published: October 2022

Diabetic embryopathy is defined as congenital anomalies that are linked to maternal diabetes. The association between diabetes and fetal, neonatal, and long-term complications is well-established. These complications include organ or structural maldevelopment, fetal growth abnormalities, and learning/psychiatric comorbidities. Recent studies have elucidated the pathophysiology behind these conditions and outlined new management approaches. Caudal regression syndrome, also known as sacral agenesis, is a well-known but less described complication of maternal diabetes. The purpose of this review is to summarize existing research on common neonatal morbidities in infants of mothers with diabetes with a focus on caudal regression syndrome and its long-term associations.
Histiocytic Disorders of Childhood
Authors: Eckstein Olive S. , Picarsic Jennifer , Allen Carl E.
Published: October 2022

Histiocytic disorders of childhood represent a wide spectrum of conditions that share the common histologic feature of activated or transformed “histiocytes.” Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is the most common, with an incidence of approximately 5 per million children. LCH may be difficult to distinguish from more ubiquitous causes of skin rashes, bone pain, or fever. Current chemotherapy fails to cure more than 50% of children with multifocal disease, and treatment failure is associated with increased risks of long-term sequelae. Somatic activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway–activating mutations (most often BRAFV600E) have been identified in hematopoietic precursors in patients with LCH. Opportunities to improve outcomes with targeted therapies are under investigation. Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) and Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) are less common than LCH and are distinguished by specific histologic and clinical features. Recurrent MAPK pathway gene mutations are also identified in JXG and RDD. In many cases, these conditions spontaneously resolve, but disseminated disease can be fatal. Although there has been historic debate regarding the nature of these conditions as inflammatory versus neoplastic, LCH, JXG, and RDD are now considered myeloid neoplastic disorders. In contrast, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is clearly a disorder of immune dysregulation. HLH is characterized by extreme immune activation driven by hyperactivated T cells. HLH arises in approximately 1 child per million and is nearly universally fatal without prompt recognition and immune suppression. Outcomes of treated children are poor, with approximately 60% survival. Emapalumab, which targets interferon-γ signaling, was recently approved for patients with recurrent or refractory HLH, and additional cytokine-directed therapies are under investigation.
A deep learning approach for masseter muscle segmentation on ultrasonography
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, Keser Gaye , Bayrakdar Ibrahim Sevki ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey, Pekiner Filiz Namdar ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, Çelik Özer ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey, Orhan Kaan ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey,   Ankara University Medical Design Application and Research Center (MEDITAM), Ankara, Turkey
Published: October 2022

Aim: Deep learning algorithms have lately been used for medical image processing, and they have showed promise in a range of applications. The purpose of this study was to develop and test computer-based diagnostic tools for evaluating masseter muscle segmentation on ultrasonography images. Materials and methods: A total of 388 anonymous adult masseter muscle retrospective ultrasonographic images were evaluated. The masseter muscle was labeled on ultrasonography images using the polygonal type labeling method with the CranioCatch labeling program (CranioCatch, Eskişehir, Turkey). All images were re-checked and verified by Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology experts. This data set was divided into training (n = 312), verification (n = 38) and test (n = 38) sets. In the study, an artificial intelligence model was developed using PyTorch U-Net architecture, which is a deep learning approach. Results: In our study, the artificial intelligence deep learning model known as U-net provided the detection and segmentation of all test images, and when the success rate in the estimation of the images was evaluated, the F1, sensitivity and precision results of the model were 1.0, 1.0 and 1.0, respectively. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence shows promise in automatic segmentation of masseter muscle on ultrasonography images. This strategy can aid surgeons, radiologists, and other medical practitioners in reducing diagnostic time.
Az éghajlatváltozás hatása a társadalom életére és az egészségügyi ellátásra
Authors: Antal Z. László
Published: October 2022

A Föld ökológiai állapotáról számos „diagnózis” készült az elmúlt évtizedekben, amelyek hasonló eredményekre jutottak: az elmúlt évszázadokban kialakult társadalmi folyamatok következtében a természetben az egész élővilág jövőjét fenyegető változások mentek és mennek végbe, amelyek közül az egyik az éghajlatváltozás. A „diagnózis” felállítása után a társadalmi élet szinte minden területén megkezdődött a „terápiás eljárások” kidolgozása. A „terápiának” és a „diagnózisnak” számos eleme érinti a társadalom egészének életét és az egészségügyi ellátást is. Ebben a válságos helyzetben csak az éghajlatváltozás miatt az egész társadalomnak és az egészségügyi ellátásnak a következő kihívásokkal kell megküzdenie: az éghajlatváltozás miatt kialakuló megbetegedések számának növekedése, a betegstruktúra megváltozása, a rendkívüli időjárási események miatt ellátási zavarok kialakulása és a környezettudatos egészségügyi ellátás iránti növekvő elvárások. A tanulmány első része összefoglalja, hogy milyen kockázatokat jelent az ökológiai válság és az éghajlatváltozás a társadalom életére, valamint azt is, hogy ez a válság és ez a változás milyen kihívásokat jelent az egészségügyi ellátás számára. A tanulmány második része azzal foglalkozik, hogy az emberek egészségét és életét veszélyeztető kihívásokra adható válaszok kidolgozásában miért van különleges és fontos szerepe a szociológiának és a pszichológiának. Végül a tanulmány harmadik része ismerteti a szociológiai és a pszichológiai klímaparadoxonokat, amelyek megakadályozzák, hogy érdemi válaszok szülessenek az ökológiai válság és az éghajlatváltozás miatt felmerülő kérdésekre, és azt, hogy a szociológia és a pszichológia milyen lehetőségeket lát ezeknek a paradoxonoknak a feloldására.
Can We Automate Scientific Reviewing?
Authors: Yuan Weizhe , Liu Pengfei , Neubig Graham
Published: October 2022

The rapid development of science and technology has been accompanied by an exponential growth in peer-reviewed scientific publications. At the same time, the review of each paper is a laborious process that must be carried out by subject matter experts. Thus, providing high-quality reviews of this growing number of papers is a significant challenge. In this work, we ask the question “can we automate scientific reviewing? ”, discussing the possibility of using natural language processing (NLP) models to generate peer reviews for scientific papers. Because it is non-trivial to define what a “good” review is in the first place, we first discuss possible evaluation metrics that could be used to judge success in this task. We then focus on the machine learning domain and collect a dataset of papers in the domain, annotate them with different aspects of content covered in each review, and train targeted summarization models that take in papers as input and generate reviews as output. Comprehensive experimental results on the test set show that while system-generated reviews are comprehensive, touching upon more aspects of the paper than human-written reviews, the generated texts are less constructive and less factual than human-written reviews for all aspects except the explanation of the core ideas of the papers, which are largely factually correct. Given these results, we pose eight challenges in the pursuit of a good review generation system together with potential solutions, which, hopefully, will inspire more future research in this direction.
We make relevant resource publicly available for use by future research: https://github. com/neulab/ReviewAdvisor. In addition, while our conclusion is that the technology is not yet ready for use in high-stakes review settings we provide a system demo, ReviewAdvisor (http://review.nlpedia.ai/), showing the current capabilities and failings of state-of-the-art NLP models at this task (see demo screenshot in A.2). A review of this paper written by the system proposed in this paper can be found in A.1.
On Efficient Reinforcement Learning for Full-length Game of StarCraft II
Authors: Liu Ruo-Ze , Pang Zhen-Jia , Meng Zhou-Yu , Wang Wenhai , Yu Yang , Lu Tong
Published: October 2022

StarCraft II (SC2) poses a grand challenge for reinforcement learning (RL), of which the main difficulties include huge state space, varying action space, and a long time horizon. In this work, we investigate a set of RL techniques for the full-length game of StarCraft II. We investigate a hierarchical RL approach, where the hierarchy involves two. One is the extracted macro-actions from experts’ demonstration trajectories to reduce the action space in an order of magnitude. The other is a hierarchical architecture of neural networks, which is modular and facilitates scale. We investigate a curriculum transfer training procedure that trains the agent from the simplest level to the hardest level. We train the agent on a single machine with 4 GPUs and 48 CPU threads. On a 64x64 map and using restrictive units, we achieve a win rate of 99% against the difficulty level-1 built-in AI. Through the curriculum transfer learning algorithm and a mixture of combat models, we achieve a 93% win rate against the most difficult non-cheating level built-in AI (level-7). In this extended version of the paper, we improve our architecture to train the agent against the most difficult cheating level AIs (level-8, level-9, and level-10). We also test our method on different maps to evaluate the extensibility of our approach. By a final 3-layer hierarchical architecture and applying significant tricks to train SC2 agents, we increase the win rate against the level-8, level-9, and level-10 to 96%, 97%, and 94%, respectively. Our codes and models are all open-sourced now at https://github.com/liuruoze/HierNet-SC2.
To provide a baseline referring the AlphaStar for our work as well as the research and open-source community, we reproduce a scaled-down version of it, mini-AlphaStar (mAS). The latest version of mAS is 1.07, which can be trained using supervised learning and reinforcement learning on the raw action space which has 564 actions. It is designed to run training on a single common machine, by making the hyper-parameters adjustable and some settings simplified. We then can compare our work with mAS using the same computing resources and training time. By experiment results, we show that our method is more effective when using limited resources. The inference and training codes of mini-AlphaStar are all open-sourced at https://github.com/liuruoze/mini-AlphaStar. We hope our study could shed some light on the future research of efficient reinforcement learning on SC2 and other large-scale games.
Российские социологические журналы в международных базах данных: что необходимо учесть в новой системе оценки
Authors: Третьякова Ольга Валентиновна
Published: October 2022

Задачи по созданию национальной системы оценки эффективности научных исследований актуализируют проблему учета библиометрических показателей журналов. Отдельного осмысления требуют критерии оценки научных изданий, получивших международную сертификацию за счет включения в глобальные базы данных. В статье обобщены результаты анализа социологических журналов, индексирующихся в Web of Science и Scopus, по параметрам, которые характеризуют цитируемость изданий. Результаты исследования показывают, что журналы могут относиться к разным квартилям, не имея сопоставимых различий в уровне цитируемости. Качественный анализ источников цитирования позволил установить, что издания в полной мере не отвечают дополнительным критериям воздействия, использующимся для отбора наиболее влиятельных журналов, что является барьером для их продвижения в основной указатель – Social Sciences Citation Index. Выводы исследования важны для решения вопроса о выборе критериев оценки научной периодики. Выявлены негативные эффекты формализованного использования квартильных метрик в системе оценки научных результатов и предложены механизмы для их устранения.
Поколенческая ситуация: уехать или остаться? (на материалах биографического исследования в северной глубинке)
Authors: Ильин Владимир Иванович
Published: October 2022

Целью данной статьи является концептуализация категории поколенческой ситуации. Ее  эмпирическая апробация проводится в ходе биографического исследования в глубинке старого Русского Севера. Ее главный вопрос: почему молодежь активно уезжает из  мест, где предки жили веками? Необходимость такой концептуализации вытекает из  ограничений категории поколения, определяемого в качестве возрастной когорты, которая сформировалась под влиянием общих исторических событий и процессов. Поколение является одним из многих факторов, формирующих локальную ситуацию (наряду с  возрастом, слоем, профессией, гендером, типом населенного пункта и т. д.). В данном эмпирическом исследовании выявляется роль фактора поколения в ситуации принятия миграционного решения после завершения обучения в малых населенных пунктах Севера. В выборку вошли, с одной стороны, современные молодые жители малых населенных пунктов, а с другой  – представители старших поколений, вспоминающие себя в биографическом интервью в ситуации жизненного перекрестка после школы. Как показало исследование, фактор поколения во многом объясняет различия в моделях миграционного поведения. Он формирует оптику, посредством которой оцениваются постоянные условия существования в родных местах, удерживающие людей на месте, выталкивающие или создающие эффект притяжения иных мест. Миграционные стратегии современной молодежи из малых населенных пунктов старого Русского Севера вытекают из специфической поколенческой ситуации, основными элементами которой являются формирование глобальной виртуальной реальности, общества потребления, новой трудовой этики; введение ЕГЭ; отмена разрешительной прописки и другие. Эти факторы порождают революцию притязаний, формирующую новую оптику, которая радикально меняет определение устойчивых факторов локальной ситуации (климата, условий труда и быта и т. д.) и стимулирует миграционные устремления.
«Эта система делает только будущих зэков»: проблематизация дискурса исправления бывшими заключенными
Authors: Кравцова Алёна Николаевна , Лисовская Ирина Викторовна , Ясавеев Искэндэр Габдрахманович
Published: October 2022

Основной декларируемой целью российского уголовного законодательства и системы наказаний является исправление осужденных. Большинство учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы России называются исправительными, однако около двух третей заключенных в исправительных колониях приговорены к лишению свободы второй и более раз. В статье анализируются высказывания бывших заключенных о возможности исправления в тюремных условиях. В фокусе внимания находятся лейтмотивы, метафоры и аргументы о воздействии лишения свободы. Бывшие заключенные говорят о практиках исправительных колоний, используя лейтмотивы «разрушения человека», «рабства», «превращения в роботов», «карательности». Еще одним лейтмотивом является «человеческое отношение», отсутствующее, по их утверждениям, в колониях, но безусловно необходимое для изменения человека. Бывшие заключенные рассказывают об избиениях, пытках, убийствах, использовании «пресс-хат», вымогательстве и указывают, что эти и другие действия руководства, сотрудников СИЗО и колоний, подконтрольных им «активистов» преступны и не способствуют исправлению. Высказывания бывших заключенных свидетельствуют о том, что в большинстве случаев тюрьма не способна изменить жизнь человека к лучшему, и указывают на необходимость отказа от дискурса исправления.
Relationship Between Students’ Attitude Towards Vocabulary Learning and Their English Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Kassa Kebede , Arficho Zeleke , Mulatu Mebratu
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the relationship between students’ attitude (cognitive, affective and behavioral) towards vocabulary learning and their English vocabulary knowledge (breadth, depth and fluency) with reference to Grade 9. It employed a correlational research design and simple random sampling and stratified sampling techniques. Pearson’s r was computed to examine the relationship between each of the three aspects of students’ attitude towards vocabulary learning and their breadth, depth and fluency of English vocabulary knowledge. The coefficient of determination (r2) was calculated and multiplied by 100 to give a percentage value to examine how a difference in one variable is predicted by the difference in another variable. The findings show that there is a very strong positive relationship between students’ attitude towards vocabulary learning and their breadth of English vocabulary knowledge, but a strong positive relationship for a few aspect of breadth of vocabulary knowledge. A moderate positive relationship was found between the students’ attitude towards vocabulary learning and their depth of English vocabulary knowledge, but a weak positive relationship between their cognitive and affective aspects of attitude and their knowledge of some aspects of depth of vocabulary knowledge. There is a moderate positive relationship between each aspect of students’ attitude towards vocabulary learning and their fluency of English vocabulary knowledge. It is also found that the students’ attitude towards vocabulary learning predicts their breath, depth and fluency of English vocabulary knowledge by 77.44%, 26.3169% and 35.76% respectively (maximum values). Lastly, appropriate recommendations were made based on the conclusions of the study.
A Cognitive Semantic Study of Causal Interaction of Acts in Narrative
Authors: Harbi Dhaifullah Zamil , Dhayef Qasim Abbas
Published: October 2022

Causality is one of the main prominent schematic components in language and cognition. In cognitive semantics, causality has received especial interest because of its significance as a basic element in our cognition. Langacker's (1990 and 1991) causal chain and Talmy's (2000) force dynamics are the most important models of causal structure in language and cognition. Talmy considers force dynamics as one of the schematic systems that structure events. His model is directed to the causal relation between clause components; while the current study investigates the causal relation out of the clause boundaries. It studies how a scene affects another one. The interaction between acts in terms of causality is part of the narrative structuring system in which causality is only one schematic component among others. The current study involves a new treatment of causality in narrative within the framework of cognitive semantics. It aims to answer the following three questions: first, how is causality formulated in narrative? Second, what are the causality forms in narrative? What is the role of causality in narrative? In order to answer these questions, the researcher builds a model on the basis of Talmy's force dynamics. It formulates the way in which related acts interact in terms of causality. The acts are selected and modified by the processes of extraction and conversion which pull out the schematic features of scenes. The model is applied to three events selected randomly from J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter novel.
The Significance of Art Ideology in Ekphrasis: Marianne Moore’s “The Camperdown Elm”
Authors: Benderrah Ahlam , Al-Khawaldeh Samira
Published: October 2022

This study examines the relationship between the genre of ekphrastic poetry and art ideology. It provides a theoretical argumentation on this innate association in continuation with James W. Heffernan’s observations in the field. The study argues that ekphrasis is theoretically related to the practice of art criticism, which, in its turn, stands on art ideological grounds. Two hypotheses about the nature of the relationship that combines ekphrasis and art ideology are generated from this theoretical investigation. The first is that art ideology is a sine qua non to ekphrasis, and the second is that art ideology especially contributes to the thematic structure of ekphrasis. The validity of this proposition is tested through analyzing Marianne Moore’s poem “The Camperdown Elm,” in which Moore’s own art ideology as explicated in her non-poetic works is utilized. As a result, this study aims to contribute to both the theoretical and analytical studies of ekphrasis genre.
Note-Taking Proficiency in Interpreting Teaching: Putting the Note-Taking Fluency Scale to the Test
Authors: Han Lili , Lu Jing , Wen Zhisheng (Edward)
Published: October 2022

Note-taking skills are critical to consecutive interpreting. As an important construct of translation competence and an essential skill of interpreting performance, note-taking merits rigorous and systematic investigations as well as reliable and valid assessment instruments and procedures. In the present study, we aim to further validate the note-taking fluency scale developed by Zhou and Dong (2019), focusing on four dimensions, the coordination between listening and note-taking, the timing of taking notes, the systematic nature of notes, and the use of notes. We evaluated the note-taking skills of a group of Master in Translation and Interpreting (MTI) students majoring in Chinese-Portuguese interpretation in Macao. The fluency scale was administered twice, at the beginning and the end of the training program respectively. The results corroborated the development of note-taking proficiency along with note-taking training in three cognitively less demanding dimensions, i.e., the timing of taking notes, the systematic nature of notes and the use of notes, while the more “stagnant/attractor” aspect of the coordination between listening and note-taking remained unchanged after several months' training. We conclude the paper by outlining specific pedagogical implications tailor made for the four dimensions of note-taking skills for future Chinese-Portuguese interpreting training.
The Use of the Chinese Negative Adverbs ‘bù’ and ‘méi’ by Secondary School Students in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Olivier Kenne Michel
Published: October 2022

Negation is an indispensable grammatical category common to all languages in the world. It is used in a unique way by each language. In Chinese, negation is expressed using negative adverbs, the most common of which are ‘bù’ and ‘méi. The usage of these negative adverbs in Chinese is different from that in French, so the difference in usage is a challenge for Yaoundé’s secondary-school students. To effectively analyse the use of the Chinese negative adverbs ‘bù’ and ‘méi’ by Yaoundé secondary-school students, this article divides the use of ‘bù’ and ‘méi’ into eight grammatical structures, and presents research gathered from questionnaires and interviews. The author then analyses the different types of mistakes made by Yaoundé secondary-school students in using ‘bù’ and ‘méi’, exploring the motivation and purpose of their use. Recommendations are also provided to advise local secondary schools on how to approach teaching negative words in Chinese.
Cultural Values Associated With the Use of Ecolexicon “Bamboo” in Karonese Proverbs
Authors: Tarigan Bahagia , Sofyan Rudy , Zein T. Thyrhaya , Rosa Rusdi Noor
Published: October 2022

One of the consequences of the close interrelationship between languages and their respective environments is the influence of the environment on the creation and maintenance of proverbs. Many proverbs use ecology-related lexemes (vocabulary from the "ecolexicon") to make their point. Previous studies were concerned with the general classification of ecolexical items used in proverbs. Such studies have neglected to study the use of bamboo in explorations of the flora-related ecolexicon, and this gap is especially notable when it comes to the study of proverbs. In response, this paper aims at (i) formulating the function-based typology of the bamboo-related ecolexicon used in Karonese proverbs; and (ii) finding out the cultural values of bamboo-related ecolexical items used in Karonese proverbs. This study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method, taking Kabanjahe, the capital of Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, as the research location. The data were bamboo-related ecolexical items used in Karonese proverbs, collected from five informants through an unstructured, open-ended interview. The data were analyzed qualitatively using an interactive model of data analysis. The findings promote research on the typology of bamboo-related ecolexical items based on how Karonese people utilize bamboo. The characteristics of bamboo-related ecolexical data also metaphorize the real-life setting in Karonese culture, contributing to the formation of several cultural values that have been passed down from generation to generation.
Foreign Languages E-Learning Assessment Efficiency and Content Access Effectiveness During Corona Pandemic in University Context
Authors: Al-Awawdeh Nabil , Kalsoom Tahira
Published: October 2022

The learning process has many fundamentals; one of them is to assess the outcomes from the process to see to what degree the students benefit from this process, which determines whether or not the goals of education are being met. The Assessment of students' learning from proposed and offered content is another fundamental in the process of education. However, in the era of online teaching, assessing and choosing the appropriate content/ material became challenging. It rendered this process, to an extent, to be problematic due to the challenges that arose from the absence of physical meetings between teachers and students. Therefore, this study examines foreign language E-learning Assessment Efficiency and Effectiveness to access the content in the University context during the Corona Pandemic from the perspective of (154) college students selected randomly from various Jordanian universities. To conduct the study, a questionnaire was developed, and data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS. The survey results indicated that the Efficiency of the electronic Assessment used at universities from the students' perspective ranked high among all disciplines of study, with a mean score of (3.19) and a percentage score of (63.8 percent). Moreover, the Effectiveness of electronic content ranked also high, with a mean of (2.79) and a percentage of (56%). The study revealed that university administration must pay attention to the Assessment methods of foreign language e-learning and distribute its content via well-known channels. In addition, it advised conducting research complementary to the current study.
Exploring the Linguistic Landscape of a Historical and Cultural City in China: From the Perspective of Language Ecology
Authors: Shen Yanfei
Published: October 2022

In recent years, “linguistic landscape” has gradually become a hot research topic in the field of sociolinguistics. Compared with the current research situation abroad, the focus of the research in China is still on basic concepts, theoretical frameworks, research methods, and research reviews, with insufficient case studies and relatively narrow research perspectives. This study selects several typical places in Shaoxing, a national historical and cultural city in China, as the research sites. With the quantitative and qualitative research methods, this study investigates the current situation of linguistic landscape, including language use, physical characteristics, cultural and historical elements, translation of texts on bilingual and multilingual signs, multimodal signs, and attitudes and perceptions, and examines the interactions between linguistic landscape and its environment. The study concludes that the linguistic landscape in the city is well constructed with distinctive historical and cultural characteristics and is in harmony with the environment except for a few ecological problems. And it suggests that more researchers pay attention to the protection, inheritance and development of linguistic landscape, and experts and scholars from a wider range of fields jointly conduct research on LL with Chinese characteristics, and finally accelerate the process of globalization and internationalization in China.
The Positive-self and Negative-other Representation in Bashar Al-Assad’s First Political Speech After the Syrian Uprising
Authors: Maani Bashar Al , Hadla Laith Salman Hassan , Alqaryouti Marwan Harb , Alruzzi Kamal Ahmad
Published: October 2022

This study examines Positive-self and Negative-other representation expressed in the Syrian president Bashar Al-Assad’s first political speech in March 2011. This study investigates the way Al-Assad uses language as a tool to express his ideology and attitudes towards protests and the world’s leading countries, and thus to win conflicts and gain power. Therefore, this study scrutinises the negative-other representation of Al-Assad’s opponents and rival parties and what ideologies are reflected in this speech. It also examines the positive-self representation in relation to Al-Assad’s ruling party (Ba’ath) and the Syrian regime’s supporters. T. van Dijk (2002) Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is utilised to highlight the way these representations are exhibited in the speech. An in-depth analysis is conducted to allow the identification of the strategies and techniques used in the speech analysed, following T. van Dijk (2002)ideological square.
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Coal from the Kuznetsk Coal Basin by Means of GC/MS and GC/GC-FID
Authors: Zhuravleva E.V. , Zhuravleva N.V. , Mikhaylova E.S. , Ismagilov Z.R. , Shashkov M.V. , Dolgushev P.A.
Published: October 2022

Results of the investigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content in fine coal powders prepared according to a special procedure within size classes (-0.2+0.1) mm, (-0.1+0.063) mm, (-0.063+0.04) mm, (-0.04) mm for ten different coal ranks (B, D, G, Zh, K, KS, OS, SS, T, A) from the Kuznetsk coal basin are presented. The qualitative and quantitative PAHs content in coal samples was determined by means of GC-MS using a SCION SQ SELECT instrument (Bruker, USA). The maximal Σ14 PAHs content is observed for A rank coal (224.3 mg/kg), KS (201.9 mg/kg) and T (197.8 mg/ kg), and the minimal Σ14 PAHs content is detected for B rank (2.2 mg/kg) for the size fraction (-0.04) mm. The concentration of benz(a)pyrene, which is a strong carcinogen, is within the range of 0.026‒103.1 mg/kg in coal samples under investigation. At the same time, the fraction of benz(a)pyrene is less than 45% of the total amount of detected PAHs, and it is less stable to the effect of the environment than other PAHs. The most stable component in PAHs series is phenanthrene, which was detected in the series of studied coal samples of different fractions (0.061‒43.7 mg/kg). Phenanthrene may be considered a PAHs of priority, and it may be used as a reference compound to evaluate the influence of coal mining and processing on the environment. The group composition of hydrocarbons in coal extracts was determined by means of two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection.
Electrochemical Properties of the Composites Based on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Nanoparticles of Mixed Cobalt and Nickel Hydroxides
Authors: Kachina E.V. , Ivanova N.V. , Zakharov Yu.A. , Simenyuk G.Yu. , Ismagilov Z.R. , Lomakin M.V.
Published: October 2022

A simple and reproducible method of chemical deposition was used to modify carbon nanotubes cobalt and nickel hydroxides. Thus the composites containing 5 and 10 wt.% Co0.5Ni0.5(OH)2(the ratio of hydroxides1:1)were obtained based on the matrix of multiwall carbon nanotubes: non-functionalized (MWCNT) and functionalized (MWCNT-f). The physicochemical properties of the obtained nanocomposites were investigated with a focus on the characteristics that are relevant for use as the electrode materials of supercapacitors. Electrical capacity characteristics (specific electrical capacitance, internal resistance, etc.) of nanocomposites were determined using cyclic voltammetry and impedancemetry. The effect of matrix functionalization and filler content on the electrochemical characteristics of the composites was considered. It is established that the surface of carbon nanotubes allows the accumulation of the charge in the electrical double layer, in particular at high polarization rates. At low rates, the contribution from the pseudo-capacity component increases on the filler nanoparticles, on the surface of channels in nanotubes, and pore surface in hydroxide aggregates. An increase in the specific electrical capacitance of the composites by a factor of 1.5 to the capacitance of MWCNTs was achieved. The schemes of electrode processes in the nanocomposite are proposed, and the nature of redox peaks on voltammetric curves providing the occurrence of the pseudo-capacity component is revealed. Relying on the analysis of impedancemetry results, the equivalent series resistance and the charge transfer resistance are evaluated. An equivalent circuit of the cell with the working composite electrode is proposed, and its major parameters are calculated.
Evaluation of the Possibility to Use Coalbed Methane to Produce Methanol Both by Direct Partial Oxidation and From Synthesis Gas
Authors: Sedov I.V. , Arutyunov V.S. , Tsvetkov M.V. , Podlesniy D.N. , Salganskaya M.V. , Zaichenko A.Y. , Tsvetkova Y.Y. , Nikitin A.V. , Ozerskii A.V. , Fokin I.G. , Salgansky E.A.
Published: October 2022

The possibility of using coalbed methane to produce methanol is assessed. Methanol can be obtained from methane both by direct partial oxidation and from synthesis gas formed through the oxidative conversion of methane. Thermodynamic analysis of coalbed methane conversion was carried out to determine the conditions for obtaining synthesis gas with the ratio [H2]/[CO] = 2, which is optimal for methanol production. The system consisting of methane, nitrogen, and oxygen, with different contents of oxygen and water vapor, was considered. The fuel-air equivalence ratio varied in the range from 2 to 4. The optimal conditions for obtaining synthesis gas for the production of methanol is the use of a mixture with an equivalence ratio of at least 4. It has also been shown that the addition of water vapor leads to an increase in the [H2]/[CO] ratio. Direct gas-phase oxidation of methane to methanol opens up the possibility of complex use of coal mining waste, including not only coalbed methane but also a large amount of coal waste accumulated during coal mining and beneficiation.
An Analysis Of Affective Assessments Of Online Learning Through WhatsApp Group On The Mathematics Students
Authors: Muhassanah Nur'aini , Lukman Hamidah Suryani
Published: October 2022

This study aims to describe the affective assessment of online learning through WhatsApp Group (WAG) media for mathematics students. This study is a descriptive quantitative study. The subjects of this study were 20 students of the Mathematics Study Program, Nahdlatul Ulama University, Purwokerto who had filled out the research questionnaire. This research was carried out in July – August 2021. The instrument used to obtain data in this study was a questionnaire containing 6 close-ended questiouns related to affective assessment in online learning with a Likert scale format distributed via Google Form to 20 respondents. This study used descriptive statistical methods as the data analysis. The study shows that the affective assessment of online learning through WhatsApp Group (WAG) for mathematics students was good according to the data obtained from the students’ answers in filling out the questionnaires. During the online learning process, students are able to pay attention well, understand the material more easily, get assignments and assessments, interact and discuss the material actively with lecturers and fellow students. In addition, students also remain motivated to learn online even though learning cannot be done face-to-face.
The Effect of The Use of Geogebra on Understanding in Analytical Geometry Course
Authors: Nalim Nalim , Pramesti Santika Lya Diah , Afriani Fera
Published: October 2022

The main objective of this research is to analyze the effect of learning using Geogebra software on student learning outcomes in analytic geometry courses. The type of research used in this study is a quasi-experimental and data obtained by using test instrument testing, both pretest and posttest. The pretest that was first distributed was used to determine the students' initial abilities, while the posttest was given to determine the level of understanding (learning outcomes) of students. The population in this study were students in the fifth semester who took the Analytical Geometry Course at the Tadris Mathematics Study Program FTIK (Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training) IAIN Pekalongan. Respondents in this study consisted of two classes, namely the control class (class B) and the experimental class (class C). Analysis of the data used in this study is using the free sample t test. The results obtained concluded that there was no difference in learning outcomes between students who were given the Geogebra learning model and students who were given the conventional (conventional) learning model. This can be seen from the results of the t test, with a significance value of 0.126 0.05.
Implementation of Constructivist-Metacognitive Learning Based on Character Education on Student's Metacognitive Ability
Authors: Nurhidayah Nurhidayah
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine how much influence the implementation of constructivist-metacognitive learning based on character education has on students' metacognitive abilities in mathematics. The research approach carried out in this study is quasi-experimental, where the population in this study is class VII students of SMP Negeri 5 Wonomulyo, by taking simple random sampling samples obtained in this study are students of class VII A as the experimental class and class VII B as control class. The instrument used in carrying out the research is a student's metacognitive ability test. The metacognitive ability data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis, descriptive analysis showed that the students' metacognitive ability data were in the high category, while the results of the inferential analysis for the prerequisite test were obtained that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous, then continued with independent sample t-data analysis. The test shows that the average metacognitive ability of students with the application of constructivist metacognitive learning based on character education is greater than the average metacognitive ability of students without the application of constructivist-metacognitive learning based on character education. So it can be concluded that the application of constructivist-metacognitive learning in mathematics learning is effective in improving students' metacognitive abilities.
Wilayatul Hisbah’s (WH) strategy to enforce the law against Khalwat case in Ujung Karang West Aceh Regency
Authors: Maifizar Arfriani
Published: October 2022

This study seeks to understand Wilayatul Hisbah’s strategy in minimizing violations of Islamic sharia in relation to the khalwat case in the community, especially in Ujung Karang, West Aceh Regency. Ujung Karang is a coastal area visited by many local tourists and is also open to national and international tourism. Yet, there have been some teenagers, youths and young women who have traveled to these tourism regions and violated Islamic law by conducting khalwat such as at dimly lit cafes. The purpose of this study is to explore strategies, roles, functions, and obstacles faced by Wilayatul Hisbah when carrying out their duties in Ujung Karang. The research method used is a qualitative method with a constructivist paradigm. Data collection technique involves mainly in-depth interviews with key informants from Wilayatul Hisbah’s personnel, community leaders, and religious leaders. In addition, it also obtains secondary data regarding the violations of the Islamic law, namely khalwat. The results of this study illustrate that Wilayatul Hisbah's strategy in preventing khalwat in Ujung Karang includes socialization of qanun (principles) through spreading brochures and banners, conducting routine patrols and curfew, as well as coaching and building cooperation with the local community.
The Clinical Correlations of Fatigue in Patients with Sarcoidosis
Authors: YILDIZ GÜLHAN Pınar , GÜLEÇ BALBAY Ege , ERÇELİK Merve , ANNAKKAYA Ali , ARBAK Peri , ÖZDEMİR KUMBASAR Özlem
Published: October 2022

Objective: Fatigue is considered a frequent and characteristic feature of sarcoidosis. This

study was designed to determine the prevalence of fatigue in patients with sarcoidosis and

to determine its potential clinical correlations in relation to symptom severity.

Methods: A total of 56 sarcoidosis patients were included. Data on patient demographics,

anthropometrics, disease characteristics, pulmonary function tests, 6-min walking distance

(6MWD), blood biochemistry and hemogram findings were retrieved from hospital records.

Psychometric instruments involved the fatigue assessment scale (FAS), Beck Depression

Inventory (BDI) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) for health-related QOL (HRQOL).

Results: Mean±SD patient age was 50.9±11.9 years. Of 56 patients, 44 were females and

12 were males. When compared to FAS score
Retrospective Analysis of Methyl Alcohol Poisonings Admitted to the Emergency Department
Authors: ŞAHİN Taner , BOL Oğuzhan , ALTUNTAŞ Mükerrem
Published: October 2022

Objective: Methyl alcohol poisoning remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. This poisoning is still one of the important reasons for admission to emergency services. We aimed to examine the admission complaints, laboratory findings, treatment methods, clinical outcomes and examine the factors affecting the mortality of patients diagnosed with methyl alcohol poisoning in the emergency department.

Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, we analysed the patients who were considered to be diagnosed with methyl alcohol intoxication among those who came to our emergency department due to alcohol intoxication from June 1, 2018 to June 1, 2020.

Results: The study included 20 (4.86%) individuals with methyl alcohol poisoning among 411 people who presented to the emergency department due to ethyl and methyl alcohol intake and resulting effects.The mean age of the patients was 47.35±14.2 years and 85% (n=17/20) were male. Upon reviewing the patients' admission symptoms, 70% were observed to have visual problems, 60% complaints of vomiting, 45% shortness of breath, and 40% changes in consciousness. In the study, it was revealed that 18.2%(n=2/11) females and 81.8%(n=9/11) males died, and the mortality rate was calculated as 55%(n=11/20).

Conclusions: The presence of visual problems, hypotension, and coma in clinical findings, high anion gap metabolic acidosis, marked osmolar gap, an increase in lactate level, and hyperglycemia in laboratory findings may be the early signs of mortality in patients with methyl alcohol poisoning. Therefore, patients with these signs should be followed up more closely and treated.