bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of diets containing raw and processed pigeon pea seed meal supplemented with enzyme on external and internal egg quality characteristics of laying quails Coturnix coturnix japonica
Authors: Akintunde Afolabi Rotimi , Oguntoye Mutiu Ayogbe , Adeoye Samson O. B. , Olusiyi Japhet Adeniyi , Isaac Samuel , Istifanus Emmanuel Filian
Published: January 2025

Three hundred and sixty, six-week old Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) hens were used to evaluate the effect of processed pigeon pea seed meal (PPSM) supplemented with enzyme (Vegpro) on egg quality characteristics of laying birds. The processing methods were soaking (24, 48 and 72 hours), fermentation (72 hours), boiling (60 minutes) and roasting (30 minutes). The birds were divided into eight groups of 45 per treatment each replicated three times with 15 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Eight experimental diets were formulated containing processed PPSM at 30 % of diet representing T1 (control), T2 (raw PPSM), T3 (soaked PPSM for 24 hours), T4 (soaked PPSM for 48 hours), T5 (soaked PPSM for 72 hours), T6 (soaked PPSM for 24 hours and fermented for 72 hours), T7 (boiling for 60 minutes) and T8 (roasted PPSM for 30 minutes) respectively. The experiment lasted for 20 weeks. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The results showed that enzyme supplementation of diets containing raw and processed PPSM had no significant (p0.05) effect on egg weight, egg height, egg diameter, egg shape index, egg shell thickness as well as albumen height, albumen diameter, albumen weight, yolk diameter, yolk weight, yolk index and haugh unit across the dietary treatments as these parameters were statistically similar. It was concluded that enzyme supplementation of raw and processed PPSM based diets had no significant effect on the egg quality characteristics of laying quail.
Prevalence of internal and external parasites and their related diseases, during the rainy season: Evaluation for breed selection in a semi-arid wildlife zone
Authors: Ndlovu Lethokuhle Joyce , Mugoti Alban , Munengwa Anderson , Moyo Sizo , Matshisela Anele , Mgumba Chiedza La-linda
Published: January 2025

Experimental research was done in Bubi district, a semi-arid region to find the prevalence of parasites and their related diseases during the rainy season. The research was done in order to identify the prevalence of both internal and external parasites of cattle kept in a wildlife zone and identify age and breed influence on hardiness. In a total population of 320 cattle, 36 cattle were sampled, considering the age and breed. Brahman, Angus, and Beef Master were used, at varying stages of growth namely calves, weaners, and cows and bulls.  Veterinary assistance was sort in the identification of parasites, although literature was also used in the process. A high prevalence of external parasites was found in four identified hard ticks; the Rhipicephalus (boophilus) decloratus with an average of 27.44, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (10.50), A.variegatum spp (0.83) and Hyalomma (0.44). Internal parasites were identified from the following species; the Fasciola spp with an average of (1.89), Fasciola eggs (1.28), Trematode eggs (2.81), Strongyle eggs (2.50), and the Ascaris lumbricoides (0.14). The blood parasite found was Anaplasma spp (1.11 bacteria per ml). Weaners were more susceptible to parasitism. Beef master was the most resilient breed against parasites.  Brahman and Angus had a high level of disease resistance due to their minimum mortality recorded. Both internal and external parasitic levels were major health threats although no relationship between wildlife-livestock disease interactions was found. Weaners require more attention in parasitic treatment since they were the most susceptible.
Inventory and ecology of avifauna in Universitas Andalas campus complex, Indonesia
Authors: Dewangga Adib S. , Janra Muhammad N.
Published: January 2025

Universitas Andalas campus is located at Payakumbuh region, West Sumatra, Indonesia. This campus is surrounded  by forest and settlement. This study aimed to determine species inventory and its ecological condition in Andalas University campus complex (UACC), Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatra. It had been conducted between October 2022 and January 2023, where the survey was carried out at three zonation in UACC based on its level of anthropogenic interference; campus entrance with the heaviest disruption (campus boulevard), main campus, and forest-edge that bordered with the eastern side of campus. Point count method was applied along ten observing points which approximately 100 m distance from one to another; the forest-edge were surveyed with only five points. Species and individual numbers were recorded within maximum 100 m radius from center of each point for ten minutes. The data was then analyzed for its diversity, similarity across sites and typical species per survey site. The study recorded 38 bird species with total 418 individuals; they belong to 20 families and 7 orders. The overall bird diversity in UACC was moderate (H’ = 2.9), with the lowest was observed at the campus boulevard (H’ = 2.1) followed by forest-edge (H’ = 2.2) and the highest was at lecturing complex (H’ = 2.6). The similarity among sites was low to moderate (21.7% J 52%) which suggested some species are typical to their respective habitat site. The forest-edge site has the most typical species (n = 14) among other habitats.  This study also hinted the possibility of the occurrence of mixed-flock bird species event at the main campus habitat between yellow-vented bulbul Pycnonotus goiavier and Coppersmith barbet Psilopogon haemacephala along with some other participants.
Ethanolic extract of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae for wound healing in mice (Mus musculus L.)
Authors: Sandakila Darman Agung , Hadi Gracetia Devita , Gultom Riska , Samalele Seni , Nugroho Rudy Agung
Published: January 2025

The Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) or BSF is one of a group of insects that has a length of 15-20 mm originating from America. The larvae of the BSF has a high protein content (44.26%), which has great potential in treating wound healing. This study investigated the wound healing potential of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) ethanolic extract on mice. The research aimed to determine the extract's content, its effect on wound closure percentage, and its impact on total DNA content in mice. Using a completely randomized design, 30 male mice were divided into 6 treatment groups: no treatment (K-1), placebo (K-2), povidone iodine 10% (K+), and BSFL ethanolic extract at 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations. Wounds were treated for 14 days, with measurements taken every 2 days. Results showed that the 20% BSFL extract was most effective in wound healing, with wound lengths comparable to the povidone iodine group. The highest total DNA content was observed in the 20% BSFL group (42.25 ± 7.45 µg/mL), indicating enhanced cell proliferation. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry analysis revealed high lauric acid content (44.27%) in the extract, known for its antibacterial properties. Organoleptic and homogeneity tests confirmed the ointment's suitability for topical application. The extract's efficacy is attributed to its high protein content, various amino acids, and minerals that play crucial roles in wound healing processes. The study concludes that BSFL ethanolic extract, particularly at 20% concentration, shows promising potential as a natural wound healing agent, offering antibacterial and tissue regeneration properties. These findings open new avenues for developing sustainable, insect-based wound healing treatments.
Isaiah 56: 1–8: Expanding the Covenant
Authors: Goshen-Gottstein Alon
Published: January 2025

Abstract: A new reading of Isa 56:1–8 finds in it a principled message that is significant for Judaism's vision. In this vision, the very notion of covenant is expanded to include non-Jews, making it one of the Hebrew Bible's most universalistic visions. The oracle envisions an opening up of Israel's covenant to others without their becoming Israel. Recognizing this overall concern of the oracle provides the hermeneutical key for dealing with many of its details, as does the close reading provided herewith. Regarding the question of the historical setting, I suggest an exilic context, in which a fundamental theological challenge is confronted, rather than the more commonly proposed postexilic context, which considers the oracle within the ideological framework of Trito-Isaiah.
Flat broadband frequency upconversion within a thin-film lithium niobate waveguide achieved by multi-objective genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization
Authors: Wu Yiheng , Chen Haitao , Fu He , Fu Tingzhao , Zhang Jianfa , Zhu Zhihong , Jin Shilong
Published: January 2025

In the field of nonlinear infrared frequency upconversion within a poled thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) waveguide for spectroscopy, there is a persistent demand for achieving a flat broadband response, characterized by the minimal variation in output intensity across the desired wavelength range. We propose a design method that significantly broadens the spectral bandwidth and enhances the response flatness through multi-objective genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization (GAPSO). This approach minimizes human intervention in the optimization process, thereby enhancing efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional methods that depend on preset parameters. Compared to the traditional chirped periodically poled TFLN waveguide-based infrared frequency upconversion scheme, a remarkable spectral bandwidth expansion from 180 nm to 312 nm (a 73% increase) and an improved flatness from 1.71 dB to 0.56 dB (a reduction of over 67%) is achieved. This work not only paves the way for a more efficient flat broadband infrared frequency upconversion scheme but also opens new avenues for advancements in nonlinear optical applications, such as telecommunications and sensing technologies.
Structural and mid-infrared optical properties of sputtered silicon films on silicon and silicon carbide substrates
Authors: Farazi Soheil , Tiwald Tom , Tadigadapa Srinivas
Published: January 2025

This Letter presents an investigation into the mid-infrared (mid-IR) optical properties of sputter-deposited silicon films, highlighting the impact of deposition temperature and post-deposition annealing. We explore the nuanced effects these factors have on the characteristics of silicon films deposited on various substrates, including monocrystalline silicon and silicon carbide (SiC), by employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and ellipsometry. Our findings reveal that sputtering temperature and annealing treatment significantly influence the optical and structural properties of the silicon films, with high-temperature sputtering leading to the formation of polycrystalline structures on top of amorphous layers deposited on the SiC substrate. Additionally, this study presents the mid-IR optical properties of films deposited on SiC substrates at high temperatures. This research fills a gap in the existing literature regarding the mid-IR properties of sputtered silicon films and offers valuable insights for applications in silicon photonics, photovoltaics, solar cells, and mid-IR light sources, thus contributing to the advancement of technologies in optics and materials science.
Developing a youth-friendly internet-enabled HIV risk calculator: A collaborative approach with young key populations, living in Soweto, South Africa
Authors: Mulaudzi Mamakiri , Tshabalala Gugulethu , Hornschuh Stefanie , Okyere-dede Kofi Ebenezer , Wu Minjue , Ariyo Oluwatobi Ifeloluwa , Dietrich Janan J.
Published: January 2025

Although South Africa is the global epicenter of the HIV epidemic, the uptake of HIV testing and treatment among young people remains low. Concerns about confidentiality impede the utilization of HIV prevention services, which signals the need for discrete HIV prevention measures that leverage youth-friendly platforms. This paper describes the process of developing a youth-friendly internet-enabled HIV risk calculator in collaboration with young people, including young key populations aged between 18 and 24 years old. Using qualitative research, we conducted an exploratory study with 40 young people including young key population (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) individuals, men who have sex with men (MSM), and female sex workers). Eligible participants were young people aged between 18–24 years old and living in Soweto. Data was collected through two peer group discussions with young people aged 18–24 years, a once-off group discussion with the [Name of clinic removed for confidentiality] adolescent community advisory board members and once off face-to-face in-depth interviews with young key population groups: LGBT individuals, MSM, and female sex workers. LGBT individuals are identified as key populations because they face increased vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and other health risks due to societal stigma, discrimination, and obstacles in accessing healthcare and support services. The measures used to collect data included a socio-demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on mobile phone usage, an HIV and STI risk assessment questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview guide. Framework analysis was used to analyse qualitative data through a qualitative data analysis software called NVivo. Descriptive statistics were summarized using SPSS for participant socio-demographics and mobile phone usage. Of the 40 enrolled participants, 58% were male, the median age was 20 (interquartile range 19–22.75), and 86% had access to the internet. Participants’ recommendations were considered in developing the HIV risk calculator. They indicated a preference for an easy-to-use, interactive, real-time assessment offering discrete and private means to self-assess HIV risk. In addition to providing feedback on the language and wording of the risk assessment tool, participants recommended creating a colorful, interactive and informational app. A collaborative and user-driven process is crucial for designing and developing HIV prevention tools for targeted groups. Participants emphasized that privacy, confidentiality, and ease of use contribute to the acceptability and willingness to use internet-enabled HIV prevention methods.
Self-reported illnesses in Thatta: Evidence from a rural and underdeveloped district in Sindh province, Pakistan
Authors: Malik Muhammad Ashar , Batool Rahat , Ahmed Muhammad , Abbasi Imran Naeem , Fatmi Zafar Ahmed , Saleem Sarah , Siddiqui Sameen
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Self-reported illnesses (SRI) surveys are widely used as a low-cost substitute for weak Disease Surveillance Systems in low- and low-middle-income countries. In this paper, we report findings of a district-level disease prevalence survey of all types of illnesses including chronic, infectious, injuries and accidents, and maternal and child health in a rural district in Pakistan.

Methods

A district-level survey was conducted in Thatta in 2019 with a population-representative sample of all ages (n = 7811) a. Survey included questions on demographics and SRIs from the respondents. Prevalence was estimated for all SRIs categorized into six major and 16 minor illnesses. The influence of important socio-demographic covariates on the illnesses and multiple comorbidities was explored by estimating prevalence ratios with a Generalized Linear Model of the Poisson family and by Zero-Inflated Poison Distribution respectively.

Findings

36.57% of the respondents to the survey reported at least one SRI. Prevalence of communicable illnesses was 20.7%, followed by non-communicable illnesses (4.8%), Gastrointestinal disorders (4.4%), and injuries/disabilities (1.9%). Urban inhabitants were more likely to have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders (3.34%) and Diabetes (1.62%). Females were most likely to have injuries (1.20,), disabilities (1.59), and Musculoskeletal Disorders (1.25). Children aged < 1 year (0.80) and elderly >65 years (0.78) were more likely to have comorbidities.

Discussion

Our estimated prevalence of SRI is quite higher than the prevalence of unknown SRIs in national-level surveys in Pakistan. This research’s findings serve as an example of aiding evidence-based priority settings within the health sector. Our findings on gender, and young and old age as positive predictors of SRI are consistent with similar surveys in a few LMICs.

Recommendation and conclusion

We provide evidence of a complete disease profile of a district that is otherwise unavailable in the country. This study can reshape the existing health surveys and to aid evidence-based priority settings in the health sector. We, however, support strengthening the Disease Surveillance System as a reliable source of disease prevalence data.
Effect and safety of ethanolamine oleate in sclerotherapy in patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations: A multicenter, single-arm study
Authors: Ozaki Mine , Nomura Tadashi , Osuga Keigo , Kurita Masakazu , Hayashi Ayato , Yuzuriha Shunsuke , Aramaki-Hattori Noriko , Hikosaka Makoto , Nozaki Taiki , Ozeki Michio , Ochi Junko , Akiyama Shimpei , Kakei Yasumasa , Miyakoda Keiko , Kashiwagi Naoko , Yasuda Takahiro , Iwashina Yuki , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , Kamibeppu Kiyoko , Soejima Takafumi , Harii Kiyonori
Published: January 2025

Objective

To evaluate the effect and safety of sclerotherapy in patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations treated with ethanolamine oleate.

Design and setting

This investigator-initiated clinical trial employed a multicenter, single-arm design and was conducted in Japan.

Patients

Overall, 44 patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations were categorized into two cohorts: 22 patients with cystic-type malformations and 22 patients with diffuse-type malformations, including children (<15 years old).

Interventions

Adult patients received injections of 5% ethanolamine oleate solution, double diluted with contrast or normal saline, with a maximum dose of 0.4 mL/kg. The same method of administration was used for children (<15 years old). The maximum volume of the prepared solution in one treatment was 30 mL.

Evaluation methods

Treatment effect was assessed by evaluating the difference in lesion volume using magnetic resonance imaging as a primary endpoint and differences in pain using a visual analog scale as a key secondary endpoint.

Results

Among the 45 patients who consented, one was excluded owing to potential intracranial involvement of venous malformations during screening. Regarding the primary outcome, 26 of 44 patients (59.1%, 95% confidence interval: 44.41–72.31%) achieved ≥ 20% reduction in malformation volume, with 16 patients having cystic lesions (72.7%, 51.85–86.85%) and 10 patients having diffuse lesions (45.5%, 26.92–65.34%). Both cohorts showed significant improvement in self-reported pain scores associated with lesions 3 months post-sclerotherapy. No death or serious adverse events occurred. Hemoglobinuria was observed in 23 patients (52%), a known drug-related adverse event. Prompt initiation of haptoglobin therapy led to full recovery within a month for these patients.

Conclusions

Ethanolamine oleate shows potential as a therapeutic sclerosing agent for patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations.
Evaluating interdisciplinary breastfeeding and lactation knowledge, attitudes and skills: An evaluation of a professional graduate programme for healthcare professionals
Authors: McGuinness Denise , Frazer Kate , Conyard Karl F. , Cornally Paula , Cooper Lauren , Vickers Niamh
Published: January 2025

Breastfeeding theoretical and skills training is important for health care professionals engaging with the mother infant dyad to increase breastfeeding exclusivity and duration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of health care professionals following completion of a university professional graduate programme in breastfeeding and lactation. A pre and post—educational study design was used. All students enrolled in a six month programme were invited to complete an online anonymous survey at two time points: January 2023 and July 2023. Ethical approval (LS-C-23-17) was obtained in January 2023. Descriptive statistics were utilised to report percentages and means, and independent T tests were used to report mean differences between variables on knowledge, attitude and practices. All students completed the module. The pre survey participant response rate was n = 55 (92.82%) and the post survey participant response rate n = 33 (60%). Comparison of the pre and post questionnaire report nine statistically significant results following completion of the university breastfeeding and lactation programme. Knowledge scores increased specifically with higher mean knowledge scores for reporting “I am confident with my knowledge about breastfeeding” and statistically significant mean difference of 0.29 following completion of the module (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.45) (t (64) = 3.59, p = 0.001). The programme evaluation identifies the importance of a professional graduate breastfeeding and lactation education programme for interdisciplinary health care professionals increasing knowledge, attitudes and practices and ultimately increasing breastfeeding rates in the short and long term, with improved maternal and child health outcomes.
Impact of digital breast tomosynthesis on screening performance and interval cancer rates compared to digital mammography: A meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Xuewen , Yang Ting , Yao Juan
Published: January 2025

Background

The performance of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) alone, digital mammography (DM) plus DBT, and synthesized mammography (SM) plus DBT, in comparison to DM in breast cancer screening, remains a topic of ongoing debate. The effectiveness of these modalities in reducing interval cancer rates (ICR) is particularly contentious.

Materials and methods

A database of data was searched for articles published until July 2024. Initially, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of DBT (DBT alone, DM/DBT, and SM/DBT) and DM were estimated. Additionally, the sensitivity of breast cancer screening and ICR for DBT alone, DM/DBT, and SM/DBT compared to DM. The characteristics of interval breast cancer were compared with those screening BC, alongside differences across various screening methods.

Results

Eleven studies comparing DBT and DM were included. The sensitivity of DBT was higher than that of DM, with rates of 86% (95%CI: 81, 90) and 80% (95%CI: 76, 84), respectively. The specificities of both modalities were similar, recorded at 96% (95%CI: 95, 98) and 96% (95%CI: 95, 97), respectively. In comparison to DM, the screening sensitivities of DBT, DM/DBT, and SM/DBT were increased by 4.33% (95% CI: 1.52, 7.13), 6.29% (95% CI: 2.55, 10.03), and 5.22% (95% CI: 1.35, 9.10), respectively; however, the difference in the ICR was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

DBT offers advantages in enhancing the sensitivity of breast cancer screening; however, its impact on ICR remains uncertain. Consequently, further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate both the effectiveness of screening and the potential risks associated with DBT.
The impact of future time perspective on academic achievement: Mediating roles of academic burnout and engagement
Authors: Hong Shuai
Published: January 2025

Future time perspective is closely related to students’ academic achievement, potentially affecting academic achievement through academic emotions. This study examines the relationship between future time perspective and academic achievement, exploring the mediating roles of academic burnout and academic engagement among 686 university students. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, we investigated both the direct relationship between future time perspective and academic achievement, and the indirect effects mediated by burnout and engagement. Structural equation modeling revealed that future time perspective predicts academic achievement directly, and also indirectly through increasing academic engagement and reducing academic burnout. Notably, the mediating effect of academic burnout was found to be more significant than that of academic engagement. Overall, the results highlight the crucial role of future time perspective and its mediating mechanisms in promoting academic success, suggesting potential interventions to enhance students’ future orientation and academic well-being.
Associations of heavy metals and urinary sodium excretion with obesity in adults: A cross-sectional study from Korean Health Examination and Nutritional Survey
Authors: Lee Juyeon , Park Sue K.
Published: January 2025

Backgrounds

Sodium and heavy metals are among the key elements to which humans are exposed due to environmental pollution and food consumption. Investigating the association between heavy metals, urinary sodium excretion, and obesity is of significant importance, given potential implications for public health. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between heavy metals, urinary sodium excretion, and overweight and obesity in the Korean population.

Methods

Data from 6,609 participants in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed. Associations between heavy metals (cadmium, mercury), urinary arsenic, sodium excretion levels, and overweight/obesity were assessed using polytomous logistic regression models, adjusting for confounders.

Results

Higher mercury (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.31–1.88) and urinary sodium (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.84–2.66) levels are associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity. Notably, participants with elevated levels of both mercury and urinary sodium had the highest odds of being overweight and obesity (OR = 3.61, 95% CI = 2.61–5.00). In contrast, other heavy metals, such as serum cadmium and urinary arsenic, were not statistically significantly associated with the risk of overweight and obesity.

Conclusions

This finding highlights the intricate multiplicative effect between mercury and sodium on obesity, necessitating further research to validate and understand the connections. Heavy metals, particularly mercury, exert an influence on obesity, and the possibility of an enhanced impact on obesity, especially when acting in conjunction with salt, is indicated.
Accelerated dynamic magnetic resonance imaging from Spatial-Subspace Reconstructions (SPARS)
Authors: Mertens Alexander J. , Cheng Hai-Ling Margaret
Published: January 2025

Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ideally requires a high spatial and a high temporal resolution, but hardware limitations prevent acquisitions from achieving both simultaneously—either high temporal resolution is exchanged for spatial resolution, or vice versa. Even state-of-the-art image reconstruction techniques that infer missing data in a sparse acquisition space cannot recover the loss of spatial detail, especially at high temporal acceleration rates. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of spatial subspace reconstructions (SPARS) and demonstrate its ability to reconstruct high spatial resolution dynamic images from as few as one acquired k-space spoke per time frame in a dynamic series. Briefly, a low-temporal-high-spatial resolution organization of the acquired raw data is used to estimate the basis vectors of the spatial subspace in which the high-temporal-high-spatial ground truth data resides. This subspace is then used to estimate entire images from single k-space spokes. In both simulated and human in-vivo data, the proposed SPARS reconstruction method outperformed standard GRASP and GRASP-Pro reconstruction, providing a shorter reconstruction time and yielding higher accuracy from both a spatial and temporal perspective.
Inadequate toothbrushing practice and associated factors among in-school adolescents in Malaysia: Findings from Global School Health Survey (GSHS) 2017
Authors: Mohamad Anuar Mohamad Fuad , Mohamed Nurulasmak , Awaluddin S. Maria , Yacob Habibah
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Inadequate toothbrushing practice is define as brushing teeth less than two times per day. Inadequate toothbrushing during adolescence can lead to oral health problems and disease burden in adults. Moreover, inadequate practice can lead to low quality of life and inadequate self-esteem.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of inadequate toothbrushing practice among adolescents aged 13 to 17 years in Malaysia and its association with sociodemographic and other related risky lifestyles.

Method

This study was part of a national cross-sectional study, Global School Health Survey 2017. 27,497 students were agreed to participate in this study, with response of 89.2%. A validated self-administered bilingual, comprised of topics related to sociodemographic as well as adolescent health and risky lifestyles; substance use (alcohol, drug, smoking cigarettes), eating patterns, hygiene (inclusive of oral and hand hygiene), mental health status, lack of peer and parental/guardian support, truancy, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI). Analysis was performed using IBM SPSS for Windows version 26.0 involving complex sampling analysis and logistic regression.

Results

A total of 12.7% (95% CI: 11.8–13.6) of in-school adolescents had inadequate toothbrushing practices. Higher prevalence of inadequate toothbrushing were found among male, Indian, had ever drug use, had three or more lack of protective factors and had inadequate hand hygiene practices. Adolescents who had inadequate toothbrushing were significantly higher odd among males, Indian ethnic, ever drug use, inadequate hand hygiene practices and adolescents who had three or more lack of peer and parental/guardian support.

Conclusion

Approximately 1 out of 10 adolescents had inadequate toothbrushing practices with several factors associated, such as male gender, Indian ethnicity, inadequate hand hygiene, ever drug use and lack of protective factors are identified to be associated. By emphasizing the significance of frequent brushing, we can encourage positive changes and reduce the burden of preventable dental problems on adolescents.
The urinary microbiome in association with diabetes and diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review
Authors: Graells Tiscar , Lin Yi-Ting , Ahmad Shafqat , Fall Tove , Ärnlöv Johan
Published: January 2025

Background

The urinary microbiome, or urobiome, is a novel area of research that has been gaining attention recently, as urine was thought to be sterile for years. There is limited information about the composition of the urobiome in health and disease. The urobiome may be affected by several factors and diseases such as diabetes, a disease that often leads to kidney damage. Thus, we need to understand the role of the urobiome to assess and monitor kidney disease related to diabetes over time.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review to summarize knowledge about the urobiome in association with diabetes mellitus and diabetic kidney disease. The search was conducted in several electronic databases until November 2024.

Results

Eighteen studies were selected including cross-sectional case-control studies, cross-sectional surveys and one prospective longitudinal study. In total, the urobiome of 1,571 people was sequenced, of which 662 people had diabetes, and of these 36 had confirmed diabetic kidney disease; 609 were healthy individuals, 179 had prediabetes or were at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 121 did not have diabetes but had other comorbidities. Eight studies analysed data from females, one was focused on male data, and the other nine had mixed female-male data. Most of the studies had a small sample size, used voided midstream urine, and used 16S rRNA sequencing.

Conclusion

This systematic review summarizes trends seen throughout published data available to have a first baseline knowledge of the urinary microbiome, and its microbiota, in association with diabetes including the decreased richness and α-diversity in urinary microbiota in individuals with diabetes compared to healthy controls and the decreased α-diversity with the evolution of kidney disease independently of the cause.
Early detection of anxiety symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An exploratory study in a Spanish sample of 3–6 year old children
Authors: Durán-Bouza Montserrat , Gómez-Ríos Silvia , Cañadas-Pérez Margarita , Brenlla-Blanco Juan-Carlos
Published: January 2025

Current research often overlooks anxiety symptoms in preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing on older children. This study examines anxiety symptomatology primarily in young children with ASD by analyzing data from 82 Spanish children aged 3- to 6 years. Parents completed the Anxiety Scale for Children with ASD and the Social Communication Questionnaire. Results indicate that 30.48% of the children exhibit significant anxiety symptoms, “with anxious uncertainty” being the most prevalent. Factor analysis reveals three principal components of the Anxiety Scale, supporting its reliability. Regression analysis highlights stereotypical behaviors as significant predictors of anxiety levels. These findings underscore the importance of early assessment and adaptation of assessment tools for preschoolers with ASD. Stereotypical behaviors are identified as key predictors of anxiety in this population.
Sleep problems were unrelated to social media use in the late COVID-19 pandemic phase: A cross-national study
Authors: Bonsaksen Tore , Price Daicia , Lamph Gary , Kabelenga Isaac , Østertun Geirdal Amy
Published: January 2025

Sleep problems are commonly related to stress and mental health problems. However, social media use has become widespread in the general population during recent years, and their addictive potential may influence people’s sleep routine. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic gave rise to substantial mental health problems in the population, and restrictions in social life gave social media a unique position as means for both entertainment and interpersonal contact. The aim of the study was to examine sleep problems in relationship to social media use in a cross-national sample two years after the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants were 1405 adults from four countries who completed a cross-sectional online survey. The data were analyzed with independent samples t-tests, Chi Squared tests of independence, and single and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Of the 858 (61.1%) participants who reported sleep problems during the past weeks, a substantial proportion (n = 353, 41.1%) related their sleep problems to their experience with COVID-19. With adjustments for age, gender, employment, and psychological distress, more hours of daily social media use was not significantly associated with sleep problems. However, higher age (OR: 1.13, p = 0.01), female gender (OR: 1.69, p<0.001), having employment (OR: 1.34, p = 0.04), and higher levels of psychological distress (OR: 1.20, p<0.001) were independently associated with sleep problems. While the debate about the pros and cons of social media use continue, this study suggests that higher levels of social media use was not of great concern for people’s sleep quality in the late COVID-19 pandemic phase. However, other aspects of social media use (eg, time of the day, content of interactions, associated stress experience) may be more relevant for understanding sleep problems and may be taken into consideration for people who experience such problems.
¿Lieux de mémoire profesionales o políticos?. Las representaciones del doctor Robert en el siglo XX (1902-c. 2020)
Authors: Coromina Verdaguer Lluís
Published: January 2025

El objetivo del presente estudio sobre las representaciones de Bartolomé Robert ulteriores a su defunción radica en ponderar la jerarquización de las identidades sociales rememoradas. Partiendo de la historiografía sociocultural, se pone el foco, por un lado, en los agentes y los contextos en que se promovieron las iniciativas memoriales; por otro lado, en la correlativa gradación de la evocación de las dimensiones política y profesional. Los lugares de memoria de distinta naturaleza —sesiones necrológicas y biográficas, bautizo de vías públicas, erección de monumentos y confección de retratos— evolucionaron a lo largo del siglo xx. Se concluye que el prestigio socio-profesional previo resultó clave para su actuación política, pero el eje central de los artefactos memoriales fue la narrativa catalanista. Los vaivenes (socio)políticos fueron acompañados de resignificaciones y actualizaciones de los relatos; dichas acciones resultan sincrónicas a la creación, almacenamiento y/o recolocación de los concomitantes lugares de memoria.
Los banquetes republicanos en la España de la Restauración: comensalidad y ritual político
Authors: Sánchez Collantes Sergio
Published: January 2025

Desde que en 1874 se restauró la monarquía, la Primera República devino objeto de veneración en las filas republicanas, donde se alimentó un mito que, de alguna manera, replicaba a la imagen negativa fijada por sus adversarios. La práctica ritualizada más idiosincrática del republicanismo en este periodo fueron los banquetes políticos, entre los que destacaron los motivados por el 11 de febrero. Se trata de una forma de comensalidad que igualaba a quienes fraternizaban compartiendo mantel y para la que se plantearon alternativas más populares y democráticas. En este artículo se analizan las principales características y funciones de este ritual político, incluyendo las justificaciones del acto, los lugares de celebración, la escenografía, el perfil de los concurrentes, la estructura seguida y la cierta banalización en la que incurrieron al llegar el siglo XX. Para ello se han manejado fuentes hemerográficas, libros de memorias y alguna otra fuente primaria.
Characterization and typology of goat production systems in the Southern Highlands of Peru
Authors: Sessarego Emmanuel Alexander , Trillo Fritz Carlos , Godoy David José , Palomino-Guerrera Walter , Cruz Juancarlos Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim: Characterizing local animal production systems is crucial for sustainable livestock development. This study aimed to characterize the diversity of goat production systems in the Highlands of Chincha province, Ica, Peru.

Materials and Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 82 goat breeders in three districts: San Juan de Yanac, San Pedro de Huacarpana, and Chavín. Factor analysis of mixed data and hierarchical classification analysis were conducted to identify typologies of goat production systems using R version 4.4.2.

Results: Four distinct goat production types were identified, primarily differentiated by feeding location and deworming frequency. Type 2 (41.5%) was the most prevalent, characterized by grazing on breeders own land, minimal milk production (<1 liter/day, 91.2%), and a focus on cheese and goat kid sales (70.6%). Breeders were predominantly women, with limited resources and extensive management systems. Across all types, mixed breeding was common, and economic reliance on livestock and agriculture prevailed.

Conclusion: Despite their diversity, all goat production systems shared extensive management practices and resource constraints, resulting in low productivity. These findings highlight the need for targeted public policies to improve productivity and sustainability in goat farming within the Ica region.

Keywords: Chincha Highlands, extensive farming, goat production systems, multivariate analysis, Peru, typology.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE LIFE HISTORY AND FEEDING HABITS OF MUGIL CEPHALUS (LINN.)
Authors: KUTHALINGAM M. D. K.
Published: January 2025

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In vitro Antibacterial, Antifungal, Cytotoxicity and Molecular Docking Studies of Transition Metal(II) Complexes Derived from New Quinoline Schiff Base
Authors: Vibhute Baliram Tukaram , Ghoti Amol Jagannath
Published: January 2025

The synthesis of new quinoline based Schiff base and its metal complexes viz. Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+ & Cd2+, were synthesized and characterized. The Schiff base was prepared by condensation of 2-hydroxy-7-methoxyquinoline-3-carbaldehyde and p-methylbenzene sulfonohydrazide. The structure of Schiff base and its metal(II) complexes were characterized through different physical and analytical techniques i.e., FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESR, ESI-MS, electronic spectra, elemental analysis and TGA. Magnetic susceptibility values indicate that Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes were paramagnetic in nature. Low molar conductivity values reveal that all the metal complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. Furthermore, all the compounds were subjected to in vitro biological activity and computational docking studies. The results showed that the Schiff based ligand and its metal(II) complexes exhibited higher activity against the A-549 cancer cell line and lower in case of the MCF-7 cancer cell lines compared to standard drug paclitaxel. Furthermore, the molecular docking study shows the significant binding affinity of metal complexes with tubulin protein. Hence, all the synthesized Schiff base metal complexes have excellent biological activity and could be act as potential anticancer agents.
Facile Synthesis of New Substituted 4-Thiazolidinones Conjugates containing Quinoline-Sulfamethoxazole Motifs and their Bioevaluation
Authors: Beg Nawaj Ali , Farooqui Maqdoom
Published: January 2025

Difunctional Brönsted acidic ionic liquid [DBN][HSO4] mediated synthesis of quinoline-sulfamethoxazole blended 4-thiazolidinones derivatives (7a-l) by reacting 4-amino-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl) benzenesulfonamide (4), 2-chloro-3-formyl quinoline (5a-l) and mercapto acetic acid (6) in promising yields at 80 ºC. All the newly synthesized quinoline-sulfamethaoxazole incorporated 4-thiazolidinones derivatives were explored for their in vitro antifungal and antioxidant activity. The novel compounds, 4-thiazolidinones hybrids were evaluated against various fungal strains and compounds 7g, 7h, 7i, 7j and 7k displays promising antifungal activity. Furthermore, all the synthesized 4-thiazolidinones conjugates were evaluated for antioxidant activity and almost all derivatives (7b-l) exhibit excellent radical activity. Using [DBN][HSO4] protocol providing economical as well as environmental advantages and its applicable for divergent functional groups.
Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Properties of SmFexO3 and LaFexO3 Perovskites with Iron Excess and Deficiency (x = 1.05, 0.95)
Authors: Rammohan K. , Lakshmi G. Vijaya , Ramesh G.
Published: January 2025

SmFeO3 (SFO) and LaFeO3 (LFO) perovskites with excess and deficient iron (SmFe1.05O3, SmFe0.95O3 and LaFe1.05O3, LaFe0.95O3) were synthesized using the sol-gel method, achieving a quantitative yield of 98%. The materials were thoroughly characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis. The p-XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of the iron-modified SFO and LFO perovskites with an orthorhombic structure, crystallizing in the Pnma space group and the La3+ forms an eight-coordinate geometry with O2– atoms in the perovskite lattice. The orthorhombic structure and phase purity, irregular morphology conformed by p-XRD and FESEM analysis. The elemental composition and the surface architecture and chemical valence state of key elements of above perovskites by EDS and XPS analysis. The band gap energies of SmFe1.05O3 (1.96 eV) SmFe0.95O3 (2.04 eV) and LaFe1.05O3 (2.00 eV) LaFe0.95O3 (2.11 eV) were determined using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). VSM analysis revealed that iron-deficient LaFexO3 (LaFe0.95O3) exhibited paramagnetic behaviour with higher saturation magnetization, while iron-excess SmFexO3 (SmFe1.05O3) also displayed paramagnetic behaviour.
Actualización del tratamiento del síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico (mis - c) pediátrico asociado a SARS- COV-2.
Authors: Goicoechea Alvarado María Estéfani , Cedrón Ortiz Domingo Bernardo , Zavaleta Medina Segundo Luis , Solano Zapata Fiorela Elicene
Published: January 2025

Antecedentes: el síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico (mis - c) pediátrico asociado a SARS- CoV-2 es un síndrome derivado de una complicación primaria de la infección por COVID-19, el cual puede presentarse dentro de la fase aguda o en la fase de convalecencia de la enfermedad. Objetivo: actualizar la evidencia disponible sobre el tratamiento de este síndrome.  Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de información en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane, Science Direct y Google Scholar. Se usó la estrategia de búsqueda dirigida para cada base con las palabras clave: “MISC””; “pediatric multi-system inflammatory syndrome” “COVID 19” “treatment” considerando los años límite de 2020 a 2023. Se incluyeron artículos observacionales analíticos y de revisión. Resultados: Se incluyeron 30 estudios, se concluye que el tratamiento inmunomodulador es de elección en los pacientes con MIS-C siendo el tratamiento antiplaquetario como el tratamiento de soporte para el paciente. Discusión: No se incluyeron reportes de casos ni ensayos clínicos por lo que se requieren estudios para ampliar la evidencia disponible. Otros: Este estudio no recibió financiamiento externo.
Panorama de la fenilcetonuria en Colombia
Authors: Zarante Bahamón Ana Maria , Navarro Marroquín Sandra Milena , Prieto Juan Carlos , Cabarcas Castro Lissete , Duarte Moreno Marvid Sol , Espitia Segura Oscar Mauricio , Zarante Ignacio , Castaño Torres Luz Helena , Mesa Restrepo Sandra Catalina , Baquero Carolina , Ospina Lagos Sandra
Published: January 2025

Antecedentes: La fenilcetonuria (PKU), es  un error innato del metabolismo secundario a un defecto del metabolismo hepático de la fenilalanina. Su acumulación afecta principalmente el sistema nervioso central, generando discapacidad cognitiva y alteración comportamental importante.
Tema: El diagnóstico temprano, mediante el cribado neonatal, permite modificar la historia natural de la enfermedad y brindar un adecuado asesoramiento genético.
Conclusión: Los autores damos una revisión al estado actual de la patología y el tamizaje neonatal en Colombia, así como los retos en el seguimiento y manejo de estos pacientes diagnosticados temprana o tardíamente.
Identidade, cultura e memórias pretas
Authors: Simões Ana Marília Alves , Almeida Ivete Batista da Silva
Published: January 2025

A pesquisa que deu origem a este artigo teve início em 2021, a partir de um projeto fomentado pela FAPEMIG. A investigação teve por objetivo o resgate da história e da memória de Maria da Graça Oliveira, patronesse do Centro de Memória da Cultura Negra Graça do Aché, equipamento cultural da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. A recuperação da trajetória de Maria da Graça enquanto criadora e dirigente do Bloco Aché e do Grêmio Recreativo do Bloco Aché, foi motivada pela compreensão de sua importância para o movimento negro da cidade de Uberlândia entre as décadas de 1980 e finais de 1990. Atuando como criadora de redes de apoio comunitário, Maria da Graça conferiu uma profunda marca no ativismo negro da cidade, e tendo seu legado sobrevivido na figura do Centro de Memória da Cultura Negra Graça do Aché, na medida em que este se torna, cada vez mais, um espaço de aquilombamento da população preta uberlandense.