bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY
Authors: NAWAZ MUHAMMAD , SULTAN MUHAMMAD , HANIF QAISAR , Sadiq Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To compare the results of standard dacryocystorhinostomy with the results ofdacryocystorhinostomy done with silicon tube stentting of the lacrimal canaliculi. Study design: This is a hospitalbased, prospective, comparative and interventional study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Allied HospitalPunjab Medical College Faisalabad. Period: January 2006 to December 2006. Methods: Twenty seven patients ofchronic dacryocystitis fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and divided in two groups. Group A consisted of 15patients who underwent standard dacryocystorhinostomy and Group B consisted of 12 patients who underwentdacryocystorhinostomy along with intubation of the lacrimal canaliculi with silastic tubes. All the patients were followedup for at least six months post-operatively. Success of the procedure, defined as the symptomatic relief of epiphoraand infection was assessed at the end of follow-up period. Results: Of the total 27 patients of chronic dacryocystitis23 (85%) were female and 4(15%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. The success of theprocedure was recorded in 14 (93.33%) patients in group-A and in 10 (83.33%) patients in group B. Quite a few andsimple complications were recorded during the study period. Conclusions: 1. Standard externaldacryocystorhinostomy is a simple and cost effective procedure forthe management of chronic dacryocystitis. 2. Silicontube stentting of the lacrimal canaliculi does not have any extra advantage in the management of chronic dacryocystitiswithout canalicular obstruction.
DIABETES MELLITUS;
Authors: HASHMI NOREEN RAHAT , DAUD SEEMA , MANZOOR IRAM
Published: September 2021

Objective: To assess the awareness of diabetes in individuals attending Out Patient Department ofGhurki Trust Teaching Hospital. Design: Descriptive study design. Place of Study: Out Patients Department, GhurkiTeaching Hospital, Lahore. Methodology: The study was conducted among a sample of 50 individuals, recruited byconvenience sampling technique. Data was collected, by administering a structured questionnaire, during a two weekperiod in December 2006. Data was presented in the form of tables and graphs. Results: General Awareness ofDiabetes Mellitus in the participants of our study was poor. Only 16% recognized it as a disease of the pancreas while50% considered it to be a disease of other systems. Majority of the respondents (78%) had no idea about the types ofthe disease. When asked about the communicability of diabetes, 76% considered it to be non-communicable, 10%thought it to be communicable. Among the respondents, 78% thought diabetes is inheritable. When asked about itsprevention, 54% considered avoiding sugar as the best way to prevent diabetes, while only 9% believed weightreduction to be important. Regarding the management of diabetes, 40% of respondents considered medication, 27%thought of diet modification as a better way, 18% considered exercise, while only 6% named weight reduction.Conclusion: The participants of the present study lacked awareness of types of diabetes, its mode of inheritance, itsprevention and management.
LUPUS
Authors: HUSSAIN NAGEEN
Published: September 2021

Lupus is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system becomeshyperactive; results in the formation of auto-antibodies that react with the “self” antigens to form immune complexes.These immune complexes build up in the tissues; can cause inflammation, injury to tissues, pain and bring about thesymptoms . Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the type of lupus which affects multiple organ systems 1,2and is multifactorial in etiology .2,3
LAPAROSCOPIC ORCHIDOPEXY
Authors: ZUBAIR MUHAMMAD , MEHMOOD SULTAN , KANWAL SUMAIRA , Dab Riaz Hussain
Published: September 2021

Design Case series. Setting: Pediatric surgical department of B V Hospital(QAMC) Bahawalpur and Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: From April 2005 to Mar 2007. Material & Methods:Cryptorchidism is most frequent presentation in pediatric population. Laparoscopy has become “Gold Standard” in thediagnosis and therapy of nonpalpable undescended testis. We present our two year experience in the managementof 40 cases at two centers. The age of the patients ranged from 9 months to 12 years. Laparoscopy was done tolocalize the testis prior to surgery. Thirty four patients underwent one stage laparoscopic orchidopexy, 7 patients hadopen orchidopexy and 3 needed two stage Fowler-Stephen orchiodopexy. Laparoscopy is a valuable tool in bothdiagnosis and treatment of nonpalpable testis.
IMPACTION OF A SEED IN THE OESOPHAGUS;
Authors: AKHTAR NAEEM , TAQI MUHAMMAD , IBRAHIM EHSAN
Published: September 2021

Dysphagia in children due to ingestion of foreign body is quite common.We report a case of dysphagia & vomiting in a 5 years old boy who presented in ENT OPD Allied Hospital Faisalabad.Our case is an unusual one with respect to the duration of symptoms which last for 3,1/2 years. The case wasmisdiagnosed as a case of stricture of oesophagus on a number of occasions. The foreign body seed was removedper orally with the help of rigid Oesophagoscope. Literature review has been done and discussed.
CHILDREN MORTALITY AND FAMILY PATTERNS;
Authors: ANJUM MUGHEES , LODHI USMAN RASOOL LODH
Published: September 2021

. Introduction: Some of the mother’s risk factors associated with the infant and childhood death wereinvestigated in Bahawalpur. Objective: To have the knowledge of childhood mortality and family formation pattern inBahawalpur. Design: Cross sectional descriptive epidemiological study. Setting: Quaid-e-Azam Medical CollegeBahawalpur. Period: From January to May 2007. Material & Methods: 320 urban women were interviewed forpregnancy histories and their attitude towards family formation were sought. Results: Early marriage, low educationlevel, and high parity were associated with infant deaths. Thirty-seven percent of urban families and 28.5% of ruralfamilies had lost one or more children, usually all in infancy. Generally half of the deaths were caused by infectiousdiseases. Most women preferred a large family and majority of those who had lost children had replaced them. Nodifference were found between urban and rural women regarding attitudes towards child loss and family formationpatterns. Conclusions: Preventive measures should be adopted to control infectious diseases to reduce childrenmortality.
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPSY;
Authors: TAHIR MUHAMMAD MUZAMMIL , GHAURI SHAFI , KHAN MUHAMMAD USMAN
Published: September 2021

Treatment of renal stone is always a challenge. High incidence ofrecurrence of renal stone compels the treating physician to opt for minimally invasive treatment. With the advent of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy the treatment has been completely revolutionized. The treatment of lower polar stoneis always tiring, and usually involves multiple modalities, the low lie of the stone, difficult clearance, narrow infundibulum,and higher incidence of regrowth make it difficult to treat. Objectives: We assessed the role of diuretic in the clearanceof lower polar stone after shock wave lithotrispsy, (SWL). Material and Methods: 60 patients were selected from bothsexes and divide them in two equal groups, with age 20-75 Y for group 1, and 5-72 Y for group II. Stone size from 5-20mm were included in our study. The patients underwent ESWL. The group I was offered inj Frusemide 20 mgintravenously after shock wave lithotripsy, while patients in group II were kept as control.Results: The stone clearancein group I was 73.3, and 60% in group II. Which is quite significant. Conclusion: The use of diuresis after ESWLsignificantly increases the clearance rate for lower polar stones.
PROPOFOL INDUCED PAIN;
Authors: CHOHEDR ABDUL HAMEED , MASJEDI M. , SEYEDI M.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Propofol causes pain on injection in 28% - 90% ofpatients. A number of techniques have been tried for minimizing propofol-induced pain with variable results.Objectives:To compare the use of premixed lidocaine-propofol with metoclopramide pretreatment for the reduction of pain duringinjection of propofol in adult patients. Design: A prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.Setting: Shiraz University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Shiraz, Iran. Period: From Jan 2007 to Dec 2007.Materials & Methods: 202 subjects (ASA I-II) scheduled for elective operations under general anesthesia wereallocated into three groups and treated as follows: Group A: 20 ml propofol mixed with 20mg lidocaine %1 following 2mlnormal saline; Group B: 20 ml propofol mixed with 2ml normal saline following 5 mg metoclopramide; Group C (controlgroup): 20 ml propofol mixed with 2 ml normal saline following 2 ml normal saline. Pain intensity was graded by a single,blinded observer and recorded as either severe, moderate, mild or no pain according to the response of the patientsto the injection. Results: The incidence of pain was 72% in placebo group compared to 58.7% in the metoclopramideand 28.8% in the lidocaine group. Conclusion: Propofol-lidocaine admixture is more effective than metoclopramidepre treatment in decreasing the pain of propofol injection.
INFERTILE COUPLE;
Authors: ATA NABEELA
Published: September 2021

. Tuberculosis is prevalent in Pakistan and is a major community health problem. There is increasein female genital tuberculosis along with increasing prevalence of pulmonary and pelvic tuberculosis. Over the spanof 7 years, 500 infertile couples were investigated. Initial investigations were, husbands semen analysis and for femalepartner ESR and tuberculin test. Tuberculin test was positive in 70% of the patients. Anti Tuberculosis Therapy (ATT)was given for 4-6 months. Hystero-salpingography (HSG) was done after the ATT, HSG with normal findings wasproceeded with induction of ovulation, 80% of the couples conceived among those with normal semen analysis.
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY
Authors: ULLAH AMAN , SHAIKH QURBAN ALI , SHAIKH ABDUL RASHEED , Jalbani Malik Hussain
Published: September 2021

Objective: To assess efficacy of ESWL as a single modality in upperand lower ureteric calculi. Setting: department of Nephro-Urology Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana.Period:January 2003 to April 2006. Methods and materials: 62 patients underwent ESWL. Upper and lower ureteral calculiwere treated by using Dornier MPL-9000 Lithotripter with ultrasound localization. Results: Among 62 cases 56(90.3%)patients had upper ureteric calculi, whereas 06(9.7%) patients had lower ureteric calculi. Size of stones ranged from0.5 mm to 18mm having mean size of 10mm. All patients were followed for period of 6 weeks. Of these 62 patients 58patients were stone free at the end of 2 weeks follow up. In 2 cases stones failed to fragment, where as 2 cases failedto attend out patient department for follow up. Conclusion: This study concluded that in situ echoguided ESWL waseffective modality of treatment for upper and lower ureteric stones. Localization of ureteric stones with ultrasound hasthe advantage of elimination of radiation exposure to the patient and lithotripsy team
NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS IN PREMATURE BABIES;
Authors: KIBRIA REHAN-E- , AWAN SAIF–UD-DIN
Published: September 2021

.. Premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or intestinal perforation (IP) are treated eithersurgically with laprotomy or peritoneal drain placement. Objective: (1) To develop a hypothesis about the relative effectof these 2 therapies on risk adjusted outcomes through 18 months in premature infants. (2) To obtain data that wouldbe useful in designing and conducting a successful trial of this hypothesis. Design: A prospective, observational study.Setting: In pediatric surgical departments of Military Hospital Rawalpindi & Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi.Period: From Nov 2005 to April 2007. Materials & Methods: To assist in risk adjustment, the attending pediatricsurgeon recorded the preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative diagnosis and identified infants who were consideredto be too ill for laprotomy. Results: Severe NEC or IP in 156 of 2987 premature infants; 80 were treated with initialdrainage and 76 were treated with initial laprotomy. By 16 months, 76 (50%) had died; outcome remained worse insubgroup with NEC. Laprotomy was not performed in 76% (28 of 36) of drain treated survivors. Conclusions:Drainage was commonly used , and outcome was poor. Our findings, particularly the risk adjusted odds ratio favoringlaparotomy, indicate the need for a large, multicenter clinical trial to assess the effect of initial surgery therapy on outcome at >16 months.
EFFICACY OF INTERFERON THERAPY IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRAL INFECTION TREATED AT MH RAWALPINDI
Authors: NAEEM MOHAMMAD ABDUL , KHAN IMRAN , WARIS JAMAL , Usman Muhammad
Published: September 2021

. Background: The consequences of acute and chronic HBV infection are major public healthproblems. These infections may progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, and Hepatocellular carcinoma Treatment of chronicreplicative hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is aimed at stopping viral replication and preventing the development ofchronic liver disease. Objective: To determine the efficacy of Interferon therapy in patients of chronic Hepatitis Btreated at MH Rawalpindi, by comparison of PCR for HBV DNA before and after Interferon therapy. Study Design:Quasi-experimental study. Place and duration of study: Military Hospital, Rawalpindi from July 2003 to December2005. Subjects and Methods: The efficacy of a 4-month course of subcutaneously administered human recombinantinterferon Alfa was studied. A total of 50 patients of proven chronic viral hepatitis B with presence of hepatitis B surfaceantigen and hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) in the serum were enrolled over the span of 30 months. All patients weretreated with 5 mega units of recombinant interferon alfa-2b subcutaneously once daily for 4 months. PCR for HBV DNAwas performed at the end of fourth month in treated patients as a predictor of response to interferon therapy. Results:The treatment was well tolerated, only in three patients treatment was ceased due to severe depression while noneof the other patient required dosage reduction or cessation of treatment because of side effects. In 22 treated persons(44.0%) PCR for HBV DNA becomes negative showed response to treatment. This finding is statistically significant(p less than 0.05). Conclusion: Interferon Alfa has significant efficacy in chronic Hepatitis B. Patients of chronicHepatitis B in whom Interferon therapy is not contraindicated should be treated with Interferon Alfa to avoid long termcomplication of infection.
HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY;
Authors: ZAKARIA MANZAR , HUSSAIN SYED RIZWAN , ABID BUTT MUJEEB-UR-REHMAN , Rana Ghulam Farid
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication of cirrhosis.Its development heralds a poor prognosis. Hepatic encephalopathy is often precipitated by an identifiable factor. Promptdiagnosis of precipitating factors is the key to management of this reversible complication of cirrhosis. Objective: Todetermine the frequency of precipitating factors for hepatic encephalopathy in patients diagnosed with cirrhosis. StudyDesign: Descriptive Study. Place and Duration of study: The study was carried out at Combined Military HospitalLahore from 18.6.07 to 18.12.2007. Patients and methods: Eighty Consecutive patients, 18 years and above of bothgenders suffering from hepatic encephalopathy were included in the study. Precipitating factors of hepaticencephalopathy were identified with the help of clinical examination and investigations. Results: Majority of patients(63.8%) had one precipitating factor; more than one factorwas found in 27.5%. Upper gastrointestinal bleed (56%) andinfections (27%) (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and urinary tract infections) were the leading precipitating factors.Use of diuretics/ electrolyte imbalance and constipation were found in 19% and 7% of patients respectively. Noprecipitating factor was detected in 9% of patients. Conclusion: In majority of patients with hepatic encephalopathy,precipitating factor/ factors could be easily identified.
Case report: Perioperative management of a patient with familial dysautonomia
Authors: Melodie Sarebanha , Laura Valente , Minnea Kalra , A Joseph Layon , Ettore Crimi
Published: September 2021

Familial dysautonomia is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease affecting cells of the autonomic nervous system. Patients with this disease are insensitive to pain but their autonomic nervous system is still activated with noxious stimuli. This report details a case of a patient with familial dysautonomia who underwent right ankle open reduction and internal fixation for a bimalleolar right ankle fracture. The patients preoperative and intraoperative course were uneventful but shortly after handoff to the intensive care unit, the patient experienced an autonomic crisis. Management of these patients is complex, requiring maintenance of physiologic homeostasis as well as preventing hemodynamic instability caused by noxious stimuli. Any deviations from baseline may cause an autonomic crisis, as happened in our patient. Herein, we detail the perioperative management of a patient with familial dysautonomia in further detail.
CHINA’S ENCOUNTER WITH WEST IN THE 19TH CENTURY: POWER RELATIONS
Authors: KUCUKDEGIRMENCI Oktay
Published: September 2021

This article aims to examine power relations between China and West in the 19th century, in particular, from the first Opium War (1839-1842) to Self-strengthening Movement (1864-1884) since when Europeans, for the first time, came to China with new technologies, armaments, and ideas, and told them what is good for Chinese, Chinese were bewildered because they did not know how to respond. China had lived under its sense of superiority as mandate of heaven with its neighbours for a long centuries. They had not seen people like westerners before. They were complacent with regards to foreign world, and did not keep up with contemporary world conditions. Thus, when they encountered superior power of westerners throughout the 19th century, they failed to response successfully, and started to lose everything they believed and had for centuries. In Chinese respond to West, two strategies were put forth, which one ise a sort of external balancing, but not via military alliance with another country, but through the concept of most favoured nation clause by inviting other western countries to China in order to use “one barbarian country to another barbarian country”. The other strategy China utilized is a kind of internal balancing by menas of self-strengthening movement.
Genetic engineering of microalgae lipid biosynthesis for sustainable biodiesel production
Authors: Siti Zulaiha
Published: September 2021

Biofuel is one of the most promising alternative energy sources for reducing human reliance on fossil fuels. Microalgae has recently emerged as the most promising biofuel source. However, biofuels from microalgae are still not feasible to replace fossil fuels because of their high production costs, therefore, it is necessary to pick microalgae species with high growth rates and lipid content. Overexpression of lipid biosynthesis enzymes and inhibition of competitive metabolic pathways are two genetic engineering strategies that can be developed to assess microalgae lipid production. Malate and multienzyme enzymes (GPAT, LPAAT and DGAT) can be overexpressed in microalgae to boost lipid production. The strategy of blocking competitive metabolic pathways can be carried out through suppression of starch metabolism and lipid catabolism. The strategy of blocking competitive metabolic pathways has been carried out in several microalgae and is effective for enhancing lipid biosynthesis. Several mutations that block both the starch metabolic and lipid catabolic pathways can result in increased levels of microalgal lipid accumulation.
In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract of Vitellaria paradoxa seed (shea seed)
Authors: Babafemi Tosin Ogunbiyi  , Oluwaseyi Adegoke Adetunji  , Olubunmi Esther Ogunbiyi  , Gogonte Hezekiah Amah  , Modupe Olusola Adetayo  , Laide Omoyiola Olajide
Published: September 2021

Vitellaria paraodoxa (shea tree) is the source of shea seed from which the well-known shea butter is derived. The methanol extract of shea seed was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities using diclofenac sodium and ascorbic acid as standard respectively in in vitro methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by inhibition of protein denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and erythrocyte membrane stabilization of human red blood cell. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The results showed that methanol extract of V. paradoxa seed at different concentration protects the heat induced protein denaturation with the maximum percentage inhibition of 27% (IC50=303.0 µg/mL, p<0.05) at 500µg/mL compared to the standard drug which induced maximum inhibition of 45% (IC50=261.4 µg/mL, p<0.05) at 500 µg/mL and the control. The percentage inhibition of the methanol extract and standard drug in erythrocyte stabilization assay increased in a concentration dependent manner with maximum inhibitory activity of 96.9% (IC50=31.47 µg/mL, p<0.05) and 95% (IC50=33.89 µg/mL, p<0.05) at 2000 µg/ml respectively, which indicates that methanol extract stabilized erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic induced hemolysis in a blood sample better than the standard drug. The maximum percentage inhibition of methanol extract and standard drug in DPPH assay were found to be at 97% (IC50=8.95 µg/mL, p<0.05) and 98% (IC50=6.72 µg/mL, p<0.05) respectively at 100 µg/ml. The absorbance of the reductive capacities in FRAP assay indicates that the methanol extract has higher reducing potency in a concentration dependent manner. The methanol extract exhibited total antioxidant capacity of 0.25 ± 0.04 µg/(AAE/g) when compared to the standard drug 0.87 ± 0.03 µg/(AAE/g) at highest concentration of 100 µg/ml. For TBARS assay, low absorbance value indicate a high level of inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The maximum percentage inhibition of methanol extract was 97.5 % (IC50=51.79 µg/mL, p<0.05) and ascorbic acid was 99% (IC50=52.30 µg/mL, p<0.05) at concentration of 20 µg/ml. The assay indicates that the methanol extract has higher inhibiting potency in a reverse concentration dependent manner. In conclusion, V. paradoxa seed may possess strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities which could constitute a potential source for development of new therapy.
Evaluation of the hypolipidemic effect of Gangaria de flush herbal mixture in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats
Authors: Babafemi Tosin Ogunbiyi  , Gogonte Hezekiah Amah  , Laide Omoyiola Olajide  , Olubunmi Esther Ogunbiyi  , Oluwafunmilola Christiana Adetunji  , Modupe Olusola Adetayo  , Oluwaseyi Olagoke Adetunji
Published: September 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a complex multifarious metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that requires non-stop treatment with multiple factors that will reduce the risk of long-term complications and drug side effects. Streptozotocin is well known for its selective pancreatic islet β-cell cytotoxicity used to induce diabetes mellitus in animals. It also interferes with cellular metabolic oxidative mechanisms. Phytomedicine has been in existence since the primitive age and has proven to be effective in treating this condition. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of Gangaria de flush (Gdf) herbal mixture on lipid profile in streptozotocin (STZ) (60mg/kg) induced diabetic rat. The diabetic rats were treated with Gangaria de flush (0.3ml/kg body weight) and Glibenclamide (5mg/kg body weight) for 7days. The effects of both Gangaria de flush herbal mixture and glibenclamide were analyzed. Gangaria de flush showed a reduction in the lipid profile with a significant percentage reduction of 45.9% for the total cholesterol, 65.7% for the total triglyceride, 63.5% for the low-density lipoprotein, 65.8% for the very low-density lipoprotein as against the negative control and a 7.6% significant increase in the high density lipoprotein. Gangaria de flush showed a significant (p<0.05) positive effect on the lipid profile. Hence, it can be suggested that Gangaria de flush herbal mixture has a significant effect in maintaining the lipid level.
Praktik Pemanfaatan Manajemen Aset Tetap pada Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Malang
Authors: Putri Adisya Safira , Lutfillah Novrida Qudsi , Asmanu Sidik
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the utilization practice of regional fixed assets management at BPKAD (Financial and Regional Asset Management Body) of Malang City. This study used a qualitative design. The method of collecting data used was by interview, documentation, and observation. The results of the study showed that BPKAD used the utilization practice of fixed assets management or asset governance using SIMBADA in its registration. In practice, the utilization of fixed assets management encountered the problems namely many fixed assets are damaged because over economic age, in the legal foundation utilization is not optimized, and use of fixed assets have been maximized by regional work unit. Moreover, confusion of accessing computers in recording transaction by human resources cause incorrect record and budgeting.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Institusional, Kebijakan Dividen dan Leverage Terhadap Nilai
Authors: Hidayat Nuri Ari , Umaimah Umaimah
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine how much influence profitability, institutional ownership, dividend policy, and leverage on firm value at LQ 45 companies in 2016-2019. This research uses quantitative methods and uses secondary data as a data source. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling technique and obtained data of 108 company samples. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that profitability, which is proxied by return on equity (ROE), affects firm value. Institutional ownership variable which is proxied by institutional (INST) and dividend policy which is proxied by dividend payout ratio (DPR) does not affect firm value. The leverage variable which is proxied by the debt to asset ratio (DAR) affects firm value in a negative direction.
Teología de la Liberación: influencias, características y las tensiones con el Vaticano
Authors: González Daiana Marlén
Published: September 2021

 El surgimiento y el desarrollo de la Teología de la Liberación en América Latina supuso una importante novedad para la Iglesia Católica y para la Teología tradicional. A los teólogos de la liberación se les reconoce por su gran compromiso pastoral, social y político. La Teología de la Liberación se presenta como una alternativa de interpretación bíblica y de vida cristiana desde la experiencia de los países latinoamericanos. Se orienta también a promover un mayor compromiso y participación en los procesos políticos de liberación de estos países y, por esta razón, lleva a cabo la revisión crítica del rol que la Iglesia debe tomar al respecto. Es conocida por su opción en favor de los pobres y los oprimidos a quienes considera los principales perjudicados por la injusticia y pobreza que atraviesa Latinoamérica.

Lo anterior no siempre ha sido bien recibido por los clérigos más ortodoxos, quienes vieron en sus ideas un fuerte sesgo marxista. Por ello, en torno a la Teología de la Liberación se han generado grandes disputas, muchas de ellas aún vigentes. En este trabajo nos proponemos retomar una de esas disputas mediante el análisis de dos textos que son claves para comprender al movimiento teológico y las polémicas que se suscitaron en el interior de la Iglesia Católica. El escrito se desarrollará a partir de una lectura del Documento Conclusivo de la Segunda Conferencia del Episcopado Latinoamericano (1968) y de la Instrucción sobre algunos aspectos de la “Teología de la Liberación” (1984) del Cardenal Joseph Ratzinger, quien intentó advertir sobre las posibles “desviaciones” presentes en la Teología de la Liberación.
Deshacerse del marxismo: 3 ejes para una lectura foucaultiana del poder
Authors: Chera Ian
Published: September 2021

 La propuesta que engloba el conjunto de este escrito: tres ejes para una lectura foucaultiana del poder implica cierto análisis reconstructivo de diferentes elementos presentes en las distintas obras, conferencias, cursos y entrevistas del filosofo francés Michel Foucault, para comprender en qué medida se enfrenta a la tradición marxista y en cuál otra propone algo distinto. En términos procedimentales se intentará bosquejar desde los tres ejes estimables que configuran la visión marxistas del poder: el Estado, la dominación burguesa y la represión, tres nodos interpretativos que harían posible deshacerse: la centralidad, la funcionalidad y la negatividad, y tres nodos propositivos para abordar el poder de otra forma: regionalidad, guerra, positividad. Tal tarea torna imprescindible examinar aquellos lugares donde convergen los tres ejes y las especificidades de cada uno, al mismo tiempo que la contrastación con otras lecturas -principalmente de Gilles Deleuze y Étiènne Balibar- para dar mejor soporte a esta propuesta. Finalmente, se configurará el mapa general de la lectura con sus diferentes conexiones.
Un empate con sabor a victoria nacional: el relato mediático uruguayo sobre el fallo de la Corte de La Haya por el conflicto de las pasteras con Argentina
Authors: Carbajal Matías
Published: September 2021

El trabajo propone analizar el proceso de significación mediática de un acontecimiento jurídico central en el transcurso del conflicto diplomático entre Uruguay y Argentina por la instalación de las fábricas de pasta de celulosa: el dictamen de la Corte Internacional de Justicia de La Haya en abril de 2010. A partir de una selección de textos extraídos de la prensa escrita uruguaya, se adopta una perspectiva semiótica basada en el modelo triádico de Peirce con el objetivo de abordar las representaciones nacionales del imaginario social uruguayo y, en particular, el vínculo con su alteridad argentina. El texto busca ofrecer elementos conceptuales y empíricos para comprender y reconocer el carácter relacional y no esencialista de las identificaciones nacionales y sus narraciones, en virtud de la presencia constitutiva del otro en ellas.
Música y Política: Las canciones de campañas electorales 2019 como discursos de circulación social en la Provincia del Chaco, Argentina
Authors: Aguirre Davina
Published: September 2021

Nos proponemos como objetivo investigar las canciones de campañas electorales que acompañaron a las propuestas de los distintos candidatos políticos durante los meses de octubre y noviembre de 2019 en la Provincia del Chaco. En las campañas electorales la música se usa como medio de influencia política, puesto que esta suscita una serie de respuestas emocionales a quienes la escuchan y su utilización busca generar diferentes efectos en los estados de ánimo o conductas de los ciudadanos votantes. Por esta razón, proponemos como hipótesis que las canciones utilizadas durante las campañas políticas, entendidas como un tipo de discursividad social (Verón, 1998), son creadas intencionalmente para lograr persuadir, de cierta manera, a un sector de la sociedad con el propósito de obtener una ventaja político-electoral. La complejidad discursiva que presentan las canciones nos remiten a su carácter de discursos sociales en tanto hechos sociales, configuraciones espacio-temporales de sentido que pueden ser identificadas sobre diferentes soportes materiales (diversos medios y situaciones de comunicación) que no son más que fragmentos que conforman la gran red de semiosis social (Verón, 1998). La importancia, además, del estudio del discurso de la música de campaña radica en que en él se da un proceso de construcción de la imagen de los candidatos y de los partidos. Esto, a su vez, se relaciona con los distintos tipos destinatarios que el mismo discurso político configura: el prodestinatario, partidario del candidato; el contradestinatario o adversario político y el paradestinatario o indeciso, a quien hay que convencer (Verón, 1987). De acuerdo con lo dicho, el corpus a abordar se compone, particularmente, por las letras de las canciones de las campañas políticas de los siguientes espacios políticos chaqueños: Justicialista, Radical y Partido Obrero. Asimismo, se tuvieron en cuenta los géneros, estilos y ritmos musicales con los cuales las mismas establecen un diálogo a través de relaciones intertextuales e interdiscursivas (Bajtín, 1979; Angenot, 2010) con otros discursos: temas musicales de gran circulación e impacto en el mercado musical actual.
Para viajar a través de los signos. Sobre Semiobondi: un viaje colectivo. Primera parada
Authors: Alós María Julieta , Simón Gabriela
Published: September 2021

Coviello, Ana Luisa. Semiobondi : un viaje colectivo. San Miguel de Tucumán : Ana Luisa Coviello, 2020.

ISBN 978-987-86-4277-2
Lo sublime contemporáneo
Authors: Delmar Fernando , Elizalde Lydia
Published: September 2021

La reflexión que integra este libro queda inscrita en cierta continuidad, en primer lugar, terminológica, oportunamente se vienen señalando los puntos de inflexión que dejan muy en claro que lo sublime es un término todavía vivo y, por ende, necesariamente sometido a determinados tipos de cambios, reajustes o matices según la presión del contexto socio-histórico (Burke en Valencia), socio-cultural (Lyotard en Villegas) o socio-económico (Jameson en Ríos). En segundo lugar, en la selección de los productores de imágenes, sean estáticas en la superficie del lienzo (Wang Wai y Michaux en Delmar; Freud y Rauch en Elizalde), sean en el montaje en movimiento (Sorrentino en Romero), el libro nos viene señalando nuevamente la tremenda resistencia estructural de un término como lo sublime o, cambiando de punto de vista, su esencial flexibilidad, para poder establecer una relación significativa. La suspensión de la continuidad, nutrida de precisas y muy puntuales discontinuidades, es la que hace toda la riqueza de lo sublime contemporáneo.
Sustrato en soluciones nutritivas: cambios en propiedades físicas y químicas durante el desarrollo de Paphiopedilum insigne (Wall. Ex Lindl.) Pfitzer y Laelia autumnalis (Lex.) Lindl. (Orchidiaceae)
Authors: Jimenez-Peña Nadia , Volke-Haller Víctor Hugo , Pedraza-Santos Martha E.
Published: September 2021

En el cultivo de orquídeas, un sustrato debe presentar un adecuado drenaje, aireación, humedad y alta estabilidad biológica, así como lenta degradación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los cambios en las propiedades físicas y químicas de una mezcla de sustratos en las orquídeas Paphiopedilum insigne (Wall. Ex Lindl.) y Laelia autumnalis (Lex.) Lindl. (Orchidiaceae), en función de las soluciones hidropónicas aplicadas durante su desarrollo. El experimento consistió en la mezcla de cuatro sustratos: carbón, tezontle, corteza y turba-vermiculita en una relación 1:2:2:1, con dos especies de orquídeas y tres soluciones nutritivas: Wynd, Hoagland y Arnon y Steiner, y un testigo (agua de pozo). El experimento se llevó a cabo por un lapso de dos años y tres meses, en invernadero. Se encontró que las soluciones nutritivas afectaron las propiedades físicas y químicas del sustrato. Sin embargo, de las tres soluciones nutritivas y el testigo, la solución Hoagland y Arnon ocasionó menos cambios en las propiedades físicas y químicas del sustrato, así como poca retención de nutrimentos de la solución durante el periodo de evaluación, por lo cual es una buena alternativa para el desarrollo de estas dos orquídeas.
Producción de girasol en función del tipo de suelo, nitrógeno y densidad de población
Authors: Arenas-Julio Yasmani Rafael , Escalante-Estrada Jose Alberto , Ortiz-Solorio Carlos Alberto , Volke-Haller Victor Hugo , González-Rodríguez María Teresa , Aguilar-Carpio Cid
Published: September 2021

El nitrógeno es el nutrimento que limita en mayor medida la producción de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la producción de biomasa y rendimiento en el cultivo de girasol en función del tipo de suelo, nitrógeno y densidad de población. Los tratamientos fueron tres tipos de suelo donde se aplicaron tres niveles de nitrógeno (0, 50 y 100 kg ha-1), así como tres densidades de población (4, 8 y 12 plantas por m2). El diseño fue bloques completos al azar con arreglo de parcelas subdivididas y cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluó la fenología de la planta, biomasa, índice de cosecha, rendimiento y sus componentes. Como resultado se obtuvo que las condiciones climáticas fueron favorables para el desarrollo del cultivo cuando la temperatura osciló entre 8 a 31°C. De los tres sitios donde se estableció el estudio, el que presentó las mejores condiciones para el crecimiento del cultivo fue en el suelo con pH de 7.1 y CE de 0.49 dS m-1 con la aplicación de 100 kg ha-1 de nitrógeno y una densidad de 12 plantas m-2. Por ello, la mejor producción de biomasa y rendimiento se encontró en el suelo con pH neutro, sin salinidad con textura franco arenoso en combinación con el más alto nivel de nitrógeno y densidad de población.
Assessing hydrothermal treatment and antagonistic yeasts combination for mango anthracnose control
Authors: Ochoa-Rosas María de Jesús , Valadez-Moctezuma Ernestina , Mena-Nevarez Gustavo , Espinosa-Solares Teodoro , Pérez López Artemio
Published: September 2021

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the main post-harvest disease in mango in almost all production areas in the world. Hydrothermal treatment (HT: 46.1 °C for 70 min) and antagonism of yeasts Pichia guilliermondii, Candida oleophila and Candida quercitrusa were evaluated in vitro and in vivo to determine the most appropriate post-harvest management of anthracnose in "Ataulfo" mango. The pathogen C. gloeosporioides and the yeasts were evaluated at concentrations of 105 conidia ml-1 and 108 cells ml-1, respectively. The growth areas of the pathogen subjected to HT and in interaction with the yeasts were evaluated with ImageJ software. Subsequently, the most effective strains and the HT were evaluated in "Ataulfo" mango inoculated with C. gloeosporioides and the severity of the anthracnose was determined. In the in vitro assays, P. guilliermondii strain CDBB-932 was the most effective (18.6%) in controlling pathogen growth, presenting an inhibition halo that the rest of the yeasts did not show. In the in vivo assays, the combination of HT and C. quercitrusa (strain 42) was the most effective (96.8%) in the control of anthracnose. The hydrothermal treatment in combination with yeasts could be implemented preventative control of the postharvest diseases.
Compuestos de interés funcional del nanche (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K.)
Authors: Agredano- de la Garza Cindy Sacnithe , López-Guzmán Graciela Guadalupe , Balois-Morales Rosendo , León-Fernandez Andrés Eloy , Bautista-Rosales Pedro Ulises , Palomino-Hermosillo Yolotzin Apatzingan , Jiménez-Zurita José Orlando , Jiménez-Ruiz Edgar , Juárez-López Porfirio
Published: September 2021

El fruto de nanche (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K.) es un producto de consumo en fresco que aporta un alto contenido de compuestos bioactivos con actividad antioxidante, vitamina C y fibra dietética. Además, se ha reportado que el fruto, hojas y semillas poseen propiedades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas, antiinflamatorias, antiproliferativas, antidepresivas y antidiabéticas. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue la recopilación de información de los últimos diez años sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas, nutricionales y compuestos bioactivos funcionales para la salud (polifenoles, flavonoides, vitaminas, antocianinas, fibra) del fruto de nanche.
Fenología y potencial ornamental de Euphorbia fulgens Karw. ex Klotzsch en México
Authors: Pérez-Nicolás Mónica , Colinas-León Maria Teresa , Alia Tejacal Iran , Peña-Ortega Margarita Gisela
Published: September 2021

Euphorbia fulgens Karw. ex Klotzsch es una especie cultivada como planta de ornato principalmente en Europa. En México no se cultiva, a pesar de ser nativa y microendémica. El objetivo fue describir su fenología bajo condiciones de invernadero y evaluar su potencial ornamental. Se sembraron 50 semillas obtenidas de tres poblaciones silvestres; se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 30 individuos, se utilizó la escala BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) para registrar las etapas fenológicas y se determinó el tiempo térmico. El potencial se definió con base en valores estéticos y su probable adaptación a cultivo. Se registraron siete estados fenológicos principales; las etapas de floración y fructificación se traslapan durante el periodo invierno-primavera. La etapa de plena floración se observó a los 239 DDS y fueron necesarias 3,680 °C día-1. Los valores estéticos fueron ramas arqueadas con inflorescencias atractivas de colores naranja a rojo brillante y fácil adaptación a cultivo. La especie tuvo un ciclo con floración de calidad y una vida de más de 15 días.
Padrón de Calidad del Sistema Nacional de Educación Media Superior
Authors: Fonseca Bautista César Darío , Ibarra Uribe Luz Marina , Anzures Galeana Esmeralda
Published: September 2021

The Quality Standards of the National System of Upper High School Education (pc-sinems) serves as an accreditation mechanism for schools offering High School education. This article aims to show the objective, purpose and requirements established by the pc-sinems, their relevant results in Morelos and some questions about their viability. The latest report on pc-sinems (2018) revealed, among other data, that only one in five schools nationwide has been certified. In Morelos, only 16% of the total number of campuses have managed to enter the register. The Autonomous University of the State of Morelos (uaem) has managed to incorporate four campuses into the register. Entering the Register represents a great effort of planning and financial expenditure that not all schools dare to carry out due to lack of interest in educational evaluation, disinformation, and the lack of dissemination of the results. Therefore, it would be important to continue questioning its existence and viability.
Comunidad campesina organizada e infraestructuras hidráulicas vernáculas como servicios ambientales
Authors: Palerm Viqueira Jacinta
Published: September 2021

This research aims to highlight the importance of water infrastructure which, although small in scale, has a major impact on the environment. For this purpose, a historical tour of the organized communities and their disappearance is made in order to make all the factors by which their disappearance was validated visible, and also to locate the new organized communities, called “village republics” by various authors. On the other hand, many authors point out that small vernacular hydraulic works have great advantages over large works, because they are small and easily adapted to the geographic region, in addition to the fact that the communities in which they are located have the appropriate knowledge to manage them. This research finally advocates for the recovery and support of small works as a policy strategy for the conservation of the environment.
Los videos en la red y el net-art
Authors: Anaszkiewicz Pawel
Published: September 2021

The videos shared on the web are a recent stage in the development of our media culture. Although many of the creators and viewers of online videos consider them as objects of a daily personal activity, with the blurry borders between art and the archive of memory, the simple fact of being on the internet places them in the circle of social communication. Watching videos on the Internet involves reading simultaneous content, such as texts and images, for example, when the video is embedded in a newspaper article or in the middle of still images that alternate with moving scenes of commercials. The computer reading experience often mixes this information with simultaneous images displayed in various areas of the screen. For the internet user, observing a complete image of a temporary object or still image is in practice, an exception. In the words of Andreas Treske, the essential characteristic of an online video is that it never exists alone.
Features of choosing functionally-oriented manufacturing processes of gear pairs for continuous-drive transmissions
Authors: Kotliarov Velidar , Mikhailov Alexander , Kotliarov Boris
Published: September 2021

The results of studying the features of manufacturing gear pairs for continuous-drive transmissions are presented. It is shown that due to the peculiarities of gear functional and operational properties while switching without breaking the kinematic chain and without interrupting the flow of transmitted power, it is necessary to provide additional surface treatment of drive gear teeth and block shaft driven wheels in the zones involved in the actual transmission shift.
Experimental studies of the effect of electrochemical sizing on the contact fatigue of forming rolls
Authors: Boldyrev Alexander , Boldyrev Aleksandr , Grigorash Vladimir , Suhorukov Vladimir
Published: September 2021

The study results of the influence of the surface layer of forming rolls on their operational characteristics are presented, the results of comparative tests for contact fatigue of samples machined by grinding and electrochemical sizing are presented, the sequence of sample preparation for experimental studies is considered, recommendations on the choice of final machining method are formulated.
Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Amenorea Pada Siswi Smp Negeri 1 Pademawu
Authors: Rohmah Sitti , Rusadi Yulia Paramit Rusadi
Published: September 2021

According to the East Java Provincial Health Office, the incidence of amenorrhoea from 1,600 adolescents who experienced amenorrhoea reached 170 (10%) adolescents, especially in several public and private schools. Food consumption affects a person's nutritional status. Nutritional status greatly affects menstrual function so that amenorrhea occurs. Based on a survey conducted as a preliminary study on February 14 at SMP Negeri 1 Pademawu on 10 students, 7 (70%) of them had amenorrhea. Several factors cause amenorrhoea, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors such as reproductive organs, hormones and disease. External factors such as nutritional status and lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of amenorrhea in students of SMP Negeri 1 Pademawu Class VIII. The design of this research is correlation analytic and based on time this research uses cross sectional. The population is all students of class VIII as many as 63 students taken by probability sampling technique with simple random sampling of 55 students. The results of the statistical test of the Contingency Coefficient using the SPSS 18 for windows program obtained the value of = 0.05, df = 2 X2 count (19.802), X2 table (5.99) which is 19.802> 5.99, thus it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 was accepted, which indicated that there was a moderate relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of amenorrhea in class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Pademawu. Efforts that must be made for adolescent students are to enrich their knowledge about amenorrhea and nutritional status which can be accessed through print or electronic media and even from health workers. In addition, the school also cooperates with local health agencies to hold activities such as KRR in schools.