bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxigenoterapia hiperbárica ou terapia com pressão negativa: qual a melhor forma de tratamento para pacientes com Síndrome de Fournier? Uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Cirino Geovana Aparecida dos Reis , Paiva Daniel Felipe Fernandes , Azevedo André Herácleo de
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A Síndrome de Fournier pode causar uma série de disfunções orgânicas graves, inclusive o óbito. Suas lesões perineais caracterizam-se pela presença de tecido necrótico e deformidades locais ou adjacentes. A oxigenoterapia hiperbárica e terapia com pressão negativa são técnicas adjuvantes capazes de minimizar os danos provocados pela doença. Objetivo: Verificar qual técnica é mais efetiva quanto a redução do tempo de cicatrização das feridas provenientes da Síndrome de Fournier. Método: Foram coletados artigos das bases de dados Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus e Embase utilizando a estratégia de busca: (“Fournier Gangrene” AND “Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy” AND “Hyperbaric Oxygenation”). Critérios de inclusão: estudos que abordaram pacientes do sexo masculino e utilização das técnicas OHB ou VAC na Síndrome de Fournier. Critérios de exclusão: estudos indisponíveis na íntegra, que envolveram pacientes transexuais, que interromperam o tratamento com tais técnicas ou que realizaram outros procedimentos adicionais para o fechamento das lesões. A revisão foi registrada no PROSPERO sob código “CRD42022314910”. Resultados e discussões: 14 artigos foram incluídos neste estudo, discutindo-se aspectos inerentes ao tempo de cicatrização e internação hospitalar, fatores de risco e qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O número de indivíduos submetidos à OHB superou aqueles submetidos ao VAC, havendo ainda, um pequeno grupo que utilizaram ambas as técnicas. Conclusão: Ambas as técnicas conferem múltiplos benefícios ao tratamento da doença. No entanto, não é possível eleger uma mais efetiva do que a outra devido a algumas limitações no estudo, bem como particularidades dos pacientes e das técnicas em questão.
Indicadores clínicos e laboratoriais como determinantes de um padrão na evolução das infecções orais graves - Estudo retrospectivo de 3 anos
Authors: Saizaki Marcelo Teruyoshi , Raldi Fernando Vagner , Moraes Michelle Bianchi de , Nascimento Rodrigo Dias
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar possíveis indicadores clínicos e laboratoriais que podiam determinar um padrão na evolução das infecções e orientar os profissionais a tomarem uma melhor conduta, evitando maiores complicações e maus resultados. Material e Métodos: Foram colhidos os dados de 440 pacientes, durante 3 anos no Hospital Alípio Corrêa Netto. O período de coleta de dados foi de julho 2018 a julho 2021. Foram analisados se a presença de doenças de base, o trismo, os espaços bucais e se as alterações de exames laboratoriais podiam ou não determinar um padrão no curso do tratamento das infecções. Resultados: Idade média foi 26,5 anos. Os principais sinais e sintomas foram: dor, prostração, trismo, febre, odinofagia e a dispneia. Em 65% dos casos, múltiplos espaços estavam envolvidos na infecção. A doença de base apresentou maior significância estatística. Os pacientes com doença de base precisaram ser tratados com anestesia geral devido ao maior grau de gravidade. A média de dias de internação foi de 8,1 dias para pacientes sistemicamente comprometidos contra 4,2 dos pacientes hígidos. O valor da PCR foi fortemente influenciado pela doença de base, apresentando média de 45 mg/L para pacientes comprometidos contra menos de 20 mg/L dos pacientes hígidos. Conclusão: Pacientes sistêmicos devem ser tratados com uma atenção maior, porque tendem a apresentar maiores trismo, valores da PCR, necessidade de tratamento em centro cirúrgico e tempo de internação principalmente na UTI, o que demonstra uma maior gravidade dos casos.
A comunicação efetiva entre usuárias e equipe multidisciplinar do banco de leite humano na Amazônia oriental
Authors: Silva Nilce Vania Nunes da Costa da , Chermont Aurimery , Parente Andressa , Moraes Pilar Maria de Oliveira , Nunes Silvia Ferreira , Santos Valéria Regina Cavalcante dos
Published: September 2022

O BLH tem como principal função a assistência à saúde infantil do país passou a ser considerada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) como a maior e mais complexa BLH, contendo 292 banco de leite mundial destes 72,9% estão localizados no país beneficiando cerca de 1,1 milhão de mulheres brasileiras. Objetivo: identificar a comunicação efetiva da equipe multiprofissional em Banco de Leite Humano (BLH) para promoção do aleitamento materno. Metodologia: A estratégia metodológica da pesquisa-ação utilizada para o desenvolvimento, por meio de estudo de natureza exploratório, apoiado no termo oralidade transversal, com abordagem quanti-quali. Participaram do estudo 19 profissionais que compõem a equipe multidisciplinar do Banco de Leite Humano (BLH)- Dr. João Aprígio – da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará – FSCMP. Resultados: foi evidenciado a construção de uma estratégia que favoreça a comunicação efetiva entre usuárias e profissionais do Banco de Leite Humano (BLH)- Dr. João Aprígio – da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará - FSCMP, ferramenta capaz de promover o aleitamento materno e a mobilização da sociedade como suporte às demandas das mulheres. Conclusão: Sugere-se, a fim de perspectiva futura, apresentar um parecer técnico para média gestão como sugestão de estratégias para execução e implementação de uma ferramenta capaz de favorecer comunicação efetiva entre usuárias e equipe multidisciplinar de um serviço de alta complexidade. Além disso, apresentar uma proposta de criação e validação de aplicativo móvel acessível e prático baseado em um diagnóstico real.
Derivativos como instrumento de proteção para o Agronegócio – Foco em Câmbio
Authors: Negrisolo Daniel Haswani , Amorim Domingos Isaias Maia
Published: September 2022

O Agronegócio é um ramo de atividade com risco elevado se comparada a outras atividades empresariais, inclusive pelo caráter biológico da sua produção. A Gestão moderna deste ramo de atividade preza cada vez mais pela previsibilidade de suas atividades, e a Gestão de Riscos ganhou protagonismo. Neste contexto o uso de Derivativos se difundiu como ferramental poderoso para esta finalidade. A pesquisa teve como objetivo abordar a evolução dos Derivativos, sua normatização contábil e como a utilização destes instrumentos agrega valor as empresas do Agronegócio. Utilizou-se como estudo de case a empresa SLC Agrícola, por intermédio de seu Balanço Patrimonial com foco na neutralização de riscos de produto e de volatilidade no Fluxo de Caixa. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a relevância da proteção com Derivativos na previsibilidade no Agro. Adicionalmente, o arcabouço de normativas contábeis e financeiras vigentes, permite uma Gestão de Risco em vários níveis da empresa, permitindo atribuir a eficiência de cada derivativo de acordo com seu objeto correspondente e acima de tudo, separando seu resultado e exposição da parte operacional da Companhia. Considera-se que uma empresa com décadas de atuação no ramo faz a utilização planejada e eficiente de Hedge nas partes que julga serem as mais relevantes do seu negócio.
The Availability of Jim Jarmusch’s Film-Philosophy: Wittgenstein, Derrida and Private Language in Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai
Authors: Barrowman Kyle
Published: September 2022

To date, film scholars have found the films of Jim Jarmusch to be tantamount to works of postmodern philosophy. For as intriguing and productive as such interpretations of Jarmusch’s films have been, I submit that the postmodern framework occludes a crucial aspect of Jarmusch’s film-philosophy, namely, his investment in the ordinary. From this perspective, I intend to show the availability of Jarmusch’s films to Wittgensteinian interpretation. More specifically, I plan to situate Jarmusch’s arthouse action film Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (1999) between Ludwig Wittgenstein and Jacques Derrida in order to demonstrate the profound affinities between Jarmusch’s film-philosophy and Wittgenstein’s conception of ordinary language. Through a consideration of character dialogue, I will demonstrate the extent to which Jarmusch rejects the private language argument – which, by extension, amounts to a rejection of linguistic relativism as an instance, or species, of skepticism – in favor of ordinary conceptions of language, expressiveness, knowledge, and responsibility.
David Lynch, Embodiment and Mediality: Dealing With a Human Form
Authors: Welch Benedict
Published: September 2022

This article considers the role of disembodiment in the visual art and films of David Lynch. This line of inquiry, I argue, allows us to consider the ways scholars do and do not conceptualise the relationship between Lynch’s works of different mediums. Specifically, I pursue the conviction that Lynch’s preoccupation with an injured or fragmented body corresponds to his intermedial creative practice. I turn my attention to Lynch’s early short film The Alphabet (1968) which exemplifies how the violence inflicted on the body represents the violence wreaked by the separation of art into different media. Using Jacques Rancière’s definition of mediality and his idea of the sensorium, I offer a new perspective on the questions of disembodiment that manifest in tricky and unpredictable bodies in Lynch’s work and thus on how we should read Lynch’s output as joined up across mediums.1
The Cinematic Anthropocene and the Future Politics of Killing
Authors: Andersen Gregers
Published: September 2022

This article considers two films, Elysium (Neil Bloomkamp, 2013) and What Happened to Monday (Tommy Wirkola, 2017), in order to demonstrate that they foreshadow a paradigmatic shift in the relationship between biopolitics and thanatopolitics. According to Michel Foucault, and later Giorgio Agamben and Roberto Esposito, it is chiefly the association of humans with biological danger that causes biopolitics to mutate into thanatopolitics. However, in these two films, humans are construed as an ecological danger that prompt thanatopolitics. They depict futures in which the regimes in power act on ecological threats by brutally micromanaging and killing members of their populations. In this the films unveil how the idea of sustainability as equilibrium can never benefit all, but must always leave some human beings out, either by abandoning them to die or by actively killing them. This is important because it brings to light the risk that the Anthropocene could engender regimes that will kill on different grounds than regimes have in the past.
Reproducibility in Subsurface Geoscience
Authors: Steventon Michael J. , Jackson Christopher A-L. , Hall Matt , Ireland Mark T. , Munafo Marcus , Roberts Kathryn J.
Published: September 2022

Reproducibility, the extent to which consistent results are obtained when an experiment or study is repeated, sits at the foundation of science. The aim of this process is to produce robust findings and knowledge, with reproducibility being the screening tool to benchmark how well we are implementing the scientific method. However, the re-examination of results from many disciplines has caused significant concern as to the reproducibility of published findings. This concern is well-founded—our ability to independently reproduce results build trust within the scientific community, between scientists and policy makers, and the general public. Within geoscience, discussions and practical frameworks for reproducibility are in their infancy, particularly in subsurface geoscience, an area where there are commonly significant uncertainties related to data (e.g., geographical coverage). Given the vital role of subsurface geoscience as part of sustainable development pathways and in achieving Net Zero, such as for carbon capture storage, mining, and natural hazard assessment, there is likely to be increased scrutiny on the reproducibility of geoscience results. We surveyed 346 Earth scientists from a broad section of academia, government, and industry to understand their experience and knowledge of reproducibility in the subsurface. More than 85% of respondents recognised there is a reproducibility problem in subsurface geoscience, with >90% of respondents viewing conceptual biases as having a major impact on the robustness of their findings and overall quality of their work. Access to data, undocumented methodologies, and confidentiality issues (e.g., use of proprietary data and methods) were identified as major barriers to reproducing published results. Overall, the survey results suggest a need for funding bodies, data providers, research groups, and publishers to build a framework and a set of minimum standards for increasing the reproducibility of, and political and public trust in, the results of subsurface studies.
Circular RNA-regulated autophagy is involved in cancer progression
Authors: Zhou Xuejian , Lin Juntao , Wang Feifan , Chen Xianwu , Zhang Yan , Hu Zhenghui , Jin Xiaodong
Published: September 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a sort of long, non-coding RNA molecules with a covalently closed continuous ring structure without 5'-3' polarity and poly-A tail. The modulative role of circRNAs in malignant diseases has been elucidated by many studies in recent years via bioinformatics and high-throughput sequencing technologies. Generally, circRNA affects the proliferative, invasive, and migrative capacity of malignant cells via various mechanisms, exhibiting great potential as novel biomarkers in the diagnoses or treatments of malignancies. Meanwhile, autophagy preserves cellular homeostasis, serving as a vital molecular process in tumor progression. Mounting studies have demonstrated that autophagy can not only contribute to cancer cell survival but can also induce autophagic cell death in specific conditions. A growing number of research studies have indicated that there existed abundant associations between circRNAs and autophagy. Herein, we systemically reviewed and discussed recent studies on this topic in different malignancies and concluded that the circRNA–autophagy axis played crucial roles in the proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and drug or radiation resistance of different tumor cells.
The diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing technology in sepsis
Authors: Cao Xiao-guang , Zhou Shu-sheng , Wang Chun-yan , Jin Kui , Meng Hua-dong
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aims to assess the clinical utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in sepsis diagnosis.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted on patients with a high suspicion of sepsis by unknown pathogens from January 2017 to December 2021. Blood samples were taken from patients to perform NGS, blood culture (BC), leucocyte (WBC), procalcitonin (PCT), creatinine (CREA), Albumin (ALB) and C-reactive protein (CRP) tests.

Results

The feedback time for BC was 3~5 days for bacteria and 5~7 days for fungi, while the turnover time for NGS was only 24 h. The clinical diagnosis was considered the “gold standard”. 83 patients passed our inclusion criteria and were separated into two groups by clinical diagnosis. 62 met the clinical diagnosis criteria for sepsis and 21 were non-sepsis. The data from the two groups were retrospectively compared and analyzed. Of 62 sepsis in 83 patients, 8(9.64%) were diagnosed by both BC and NGS, 51 (61.45%) by NGS only, 1(1.20%) by BC and 2 (2.41%) by conventional testing only; PCT, CREA, CRP levels and the detection rate of NGS and BC were higher in the sepsis group than in the non-sepsis group, while ALB levels were lower (p<0.05). The logistic regression results in our study revealed that NGS and ALB were independent prediction factors for sepsis (p<0.05), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of NGS for diagnosing sepsis was 0.857, 95.16% and 76.19%, while ALB was 0.728, 58.06%, 80.95%, respectively. The combination’s sensitivity, specificity and AUC of NGS and ALB were 93.55%, 85.71% and 0.935, greater than that of Albumin or NGS only (both p<0.05).

Conclusion

NGS can effectively and quickly identify pathogens, thereby emerges as a promising technology for sepsis diagnosis. Combination of NGS and ALB can be used for early screening and is more powerful than NGS or ALB only.
Research focus and theme trend on fulminant myocarditis: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yang Weimei , He Xifei , Wang Zhaozhao , Lu Lijuan , Zhou Ge , Cheng Jie , Hao Xinying
Published: September 2022

Aims

This study intends to explore the research focus and trends of fulminant myocarditis (FM) to have a better understanding of the topic.

Materials and methods

The data were downloaded from the Web of Science (WoS) database using the topic (TS) advanced search strategy. Many instruments were used to extract, analyze, and visualize the data, such as Microsoft Excel, HistCite Pro, GunnMap, BibExcel, and VOSviewer.

Results

From 1985 to 2022, 726 documents were indexed in the WoS. The United States and Columbia University were the most productive country and institutions. Keywords co-occurrence was carried out and four research themes were identified. In addition, the top three prolific authors, the first three highly cited authors, and the core authors of the author co-citation network were identified. The topics that they kept an eye on were analyzed, and the research areas of key authors were similar to the results of keyword co-occurrence. The hot topics of FM were related to the mechanical circulatory support, etiology, diagnosis, and the disease or therapy associated with FM.

Conclusion

This study carried out a systematic analysis of the documents related to FM from 1985 to 2022, which can provide a guideline for researchers to understand the theme trend to promote future research to be carried out.
Temperature analysis of 3D-printed biomaterials during unipolar and bipolar radiofrequency ablation procedure
Authors: Cappello Ida Anna , Candelari Mara , Pannone Luigi , Monaco Cinzia , Bori Edoardo , Talevi Giacomo , Ramak Robbert , La Meir Mark , Gharaviri Ali , Chierchia Gian Battista , Innocenti Bernardo , de Asmundis Carlo
Published: September 2022

Background

Due to their mechanical properties, the MED625FLX and TPU95A could be appropriate candidates for cardiac 3D surgical guide use during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment.

Methods

RFA aims to destroy the heart tissue, which cause arrhythmias, by applying a radiofrequency (RF) energy at critical temperature above +50.0°C, where the thermal damage is considered not reversible. This study aims to analyze the biomaterials thermal properties with different thicknesses, by testing the response to bipolar and unipolar RFA on porcine muscle samples (PMS), expressed in temperature. For the materials evaluation, the tissue temperature during RFA applications was recorded, firstly without (control) and after with the biomaterials in position. The biomaterials were considered suitable for the RFA treatment if: (1) the PMS temperatures with the samples were not statistically different compared with the control; (2) the temperatures never reached the threshold; (3) no geometrical changes after RFA were observed.

Results

Based on these criteria, none of the tested biomaterials resulted appropriate for unipolar RFA and the TPU95A failed almost all thermal tests also with the bipolar RFA. The 1.0 mm MED625FLX was modified by bipolar RFA in shape, losing its function. Instead, the 2.5 mm MED625FLX was considered suitable for bipolar RFA catheter use only.

Conclusions

The 2.5 mm MED625FLX could be used, in the design of surgical guides for RFA bipolar catheter only, because of mechanical, geometrical, and thermal properties. None of biomaterials tested are appropriate for unipolar ablation catheter because of temperature concerns. Further investigations for clinical use are eagerly awaited.
Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions: Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Alperi Alberto , Almendárez Marcel , Álvarez Rut , Moris Cesar , Leon Victor , Silva Iria , Hernández-Vaquero Daniel , Pascual Isaac , Avanzas Pablo
Published: September 2022

The development of transcatheter therapies to treat valvular heart diseases has changed the rules of the game, particularly in the case of aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. In the last years, the tricuspid valve has also been the focus of these percutaneous techniques for several reasons: (1) tricuspid regurgitation is a frequent disease associated with poor clinical outcomes in spite of medical treatment, leading to end-stage right ventricular heart failure, (2) surgical tricuspid valve repair or replacement has been the treatment of choice for patients with tricuspid valve disease, but high mortality rates for isolated surgical tricuspid valve intervention have been reported in the literature, and (3) most patients with tricuspid pathology are ultimately denied cardiac surgery because of their comorbidity burden. Thus, in this context the development of less invasive catheter-based therapies would be of high clinical relevance. The present review provides an overview regarding the framework of chronic tricuspid regurgitation transcatheter therapeutic options, summarizes the transcatheter systems under clinical use or clinical evaluation with their technical features, and describes the updated current evidence in this challenging and evolving field.
Evaluation of the applicability of the root water uptake model on alpine meadows and analysis of root water uptake characteristics
Authors: Deng Bin , Weng Baisha , Yan Denghua , Xiao Shangbin , Gong Xiaoyan , Li Wenwen , Li Meng
Published: September 2022

It is essential to quantify the rate of root water uptake (RWU) and characterize the variability of RWU, which benefits understanding the water use of alpine meadows and its response to environmental changes. In addition, model simulation is one of the feasible methods to obtain the RWU characteristics of alpine meadows. However, recent research on RWU models mainly focused on crops and trees, while barely on alpine meadows. Thus, it is of great significance to develop an RWU model applicable to alpine meadows, which can describe local plant water consumption processes. In this paper, we measured the distribution characteristics of root density and soil characteristics of alpine meadows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) with prototype observation experiments. The root length density (RLD) of the wilting stage decreased by 16.2% on average compared to the re-greening stage, and the ability of root growth was poorer in the high altitude area. Based on the distribution characteristics of root length density (RLD) and the three soil resistance indexes (soil water potential, soil hydraulic diffusivity, and soil hydraulic conductivity), which have obvious impacts on RWU. The improved Feddes model, Selim-Iskandar model, and Molz-Remson model were selected to simulate the RWU in alpine meadows, which fully considered the above impact factors, but the applicability in alpine meadows was not discussed. The results showed that the model performance of the Selim-Iskandar model was better than the improved Feddes model and Molz-Remson model, and its simulation performance was improved by 44.76 and 22.16% compared to the improved Feddes model and Molz-Remson model, respectively. Based on the quantified RWU rate, the RWU characteristics showed that the top 50% of the rhizosphere was responsible for 72.65% of the water uptake of the entire rhizosphere. At the same time, the obvious difference in RWU rate in different phenological stages was obvious, showing that the RWU rate in the re-greening stage increased by 36.52% compared to that in the wilting stage. This study can provide technical support for a more accurate estimation of transpiration and water use efficiency in alpine meadows, and could provide theoretical support for the implementation of vegetation.
Assembled design and compressive performance simulation of mine waterproof wall based on concrete 3D printing
Authors: Ren Chuangnan , Gao Baobin , Geng Chenhui , Zhu Wenjie
Published: September 2022

With the increase of mining depth, the deep mine waterproof wall project faces the test of worse construction environment and higher risk of water damage. With the development of intelligent construction technology, it is necessary to introduce concrete 3D printing technology for the construction of coal mine waterproof walls, so as to adapt to more complex construction environment and engineering needs. Through uniaxial compression tests, the compressive properties of 3D printed concrete were tested under different printing methods and force directions. The results showed that the compressive strength of the 3D printed concrete was higher under the conditions of printing path B and loading along the direction parallel to the bonding layer. According to test results, the mine waterproof wall structure based on concrete 3D printing was designed. Then, ABAQUS was used to simulate the compressive strength and deformation of the 3D printed waterproof wall. The results showed that the ultimate load of the 3D printing module was 6.697e4kN and the deformation range was controllable, which meet the engineering requirements. The advantages of 3D printing mine waterproof walls are more flexible in design, faster in manufacturing, and more intelligent in operation. This work provides new ideas for the design and construction of waterproof walls in deep mines.
Reinventing talent management: How to maximize performance in higher education
Authors: Ramaditya Muhammad , Maarif Mohamad Syamsul , Affandi Joko , Sukmawati Anggraini
Published: September 2022

Talent management is considered a new organizational priority in managing people that both academicians and practitioners discuss. The purpose of this research was to examine the role of talent management (TM), knowledge management (KM), university transformation (UT), and academic climate (AC) in increasing the performance of private higher education institutions (PHEIs). This research applied a quantitative approach by collecting data from 382 lecturers who worked at various private universities in Indonesia. Online questionnaires were used to collect the data using a stratified random sampling method. Then these data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square. The findings indicated that systematic application of talent management and knowledge management, university transformation, and academic climate in PHEIs improves organizational performance. Developing a plan to transform their talent and the business process is the key to emphasizing its importance in shaping the character and quality of PHEIs. The practical implication, PHEIs must offer a conducive academic climate for talented lecturers. The study offers a value-add to the resource-based view theory, managing talent and knowledge as essential resources for organizational transformation to maximize organizational performance.
Related factors based on non-targeted metabolomics methods in minor ischaemic stroke
Authors: Chen Chen , Qiao Xiaoyuan , Guo Jianyong , Yang Ting , Wang Min , Ma Yipeng , Zhao Shuhe , Ding Ling , Liu Hong , Wang Jintao
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers associated with the occurrence of minor ischaemic stroke.

Methods

Four hundred patients hospitalized with minor ischaemic stroke were enrolled in the department of neurological internal medicine in Taiyuan Central Hospital, and 210 healthy subjects examined at the Taiyuan Central Hospital Medical Center during the same period were selected. We collected information on the general demographic characteristics and fasting blood samples of the subjects. We then used untargeted metabolomic assay to measure blood glucose, blood lipids, homocysteine, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.

Results

There were statistically significant differences between the mild ischemic stroke group and the healthy control group in smoking, hypertension, and physical activity (P< 0.05). Compared with the healthy group, the minor ischaemic stroke group showed increased lactate, pyruvate, trimetlylamine oxide levels, and lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and trimethylamine N-oxidation (TMAO) levels were statistically significant (P< 0.001). In the minor ischaemic stroke risk model, hypertension, physical activity, smoking, and elevated TMAO levels influenced the occurrence of minor stroke.

Conclusion

Increased levels of lactic acid, pyruvate, and TMAO may be related to the pathophysiological changes in the minor ischaemic stroke population. High blood pressure, a lack of physical activity, smoking, and increased TMAO level were the influencing factors for the occurrence of minor ischaemic stroke. The serum metabolite TMAO may be associated with MS occurrence
Case report: Denosumab-associated acute heart failure in patients with cardiorenal insufficiency
Authors: Xing Yuexian , Ju Sicong , Sun Mengyu , Xiang Shoukui
Published: September 2022

Denosumab is a pivotal treatment for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Although its clinical use is generally well tolerated by patients, denosumab in patients with renal insufficiency may increase the risk of hypocalcemia. Thus, we have to consider the population of denosumab in the treatment of osteoporosis and preventive measures for related complications. In a patient with cardiorenal insufficiency, we reported a case of denosumab-induced hypocalcemia complicated by acute left heart failure due to delayed administration of active vitamin D and calcium supplements. The patient’s symptoms did not improve after anti-heart failure treatment. However, after adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation subsequently, the patient’s symptoms of heart failure were rapidly relieved, and the serum calcium level returned to normal within three weeks. Therefore, our case showed that the application of denosumab in patients requires assessment of cardiac and renal function, timely calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and enhanced monitoring of serum calcium levels to prevent acute left heart failure induced by denosumab-related hypocalcemia.
Size-dependent associations of woody plant structural diversity with soil C:N:P stoichiometry in a subtropical forest
Authors: Su Yuqiao , Jia Xiaorong , Zhang Lu , Chen Hui
Published: September 2022

Woody plant structural diversity and soil C:N:P stoichiometry have widely been examined for their spatial patterns and changes across environmental gradients, but the interactions and relationship of these biotic and abiotic variables have not been well understood. Here, we investigated the associations of woody plant structural diversity variables with soil total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and their stoichiometry. We found only weak associations between soil C:N:P stoichiometry and species diversity variables, however, stronger significant associations were detected between C:N:P stoichiometry and species diversity variables for the adult trees and saplings when analyses were carried out with appropriate size stratification of woody plants. Most size diversity variables were significantly correlated with TOC, TN, TP, and their stoichiometric ratios, and the size diversity variables were greater in strength than species diversity in their associations with TOC, TN, TP, and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios. In most cases, C:N:P stoichiometric ratios were more sensitive than TOC, TN, or TP in predicting species diversity and size diversity. Our findings demonstrate that the associations of woody plant species diversity with TOC, TN, TP, C:N:P stoichiometry are size-dependent, and the size diversity is much more sensitive than species diversity in predicting the change of soil TOC, TN, TP, and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios. These findings also suggest that an appropriate size stratification will help demonstrate the linear relations between woody plant structural diversity and C:N:P stoichiometry and amplify the environmental signals from soil factors in predicting the biotic variables.
Study on the dynamic evolution and synergistic relationship between urbanization and eco-efficiency through the selection of 76 agricultural counties and districts in Liaoning province as research units
Authors: Gao Yanpeng , Guo Chunyao , Wei Ye
Published: September 2022

Coordination and interaction among urbanization processes, efficient resource utilization, and ecological protection have emerged as key challenges for spatial development and protection of a territory. In this paper, we quantitatively determined the urbanization level and eco-efficiency by utilizing the entropy evaluation method and the SBM model with undesirable outputs, and then employed kernel density estimation, center movement method, and bivariate Moran's I index method to examine the spatial-temporal pattern as well as the interaction between the above two factors. This study provides a new framework for the measurement of urbanization and eco-efficiency and their interaction. The results of the study in the research area demonstrate that: (1) From 2013 to 2017, the urbanization level exhibited a steady increase from 0.2468 to 0.2789, while eco-efficiency depicted an N-shaped development trend before suffering an overall decline from 0.4364 to 0.3117; (2) the low-level units of urbanization level illustrated a strong convergence trend, and each unit possessed low eco-efficiency with weak spatial matching in general; (3) an ambiguous symbiosis exists between the center of gravity of movements of the two factors within each region; and (4) a global positive correlation was found between the urbanization level and eco-efficiency in Liaoning Province. The global Moran's I index first increased and then decreased.
Comparative mitogenomic analyses provide evolutionary insights into the retrolateral tibial apophysis clade (Araneae: Entelegynae)
Authors: Li Min , Liu Min , Hu Shi-Yun , Luo Fang-Zhen , Yuan Ming-Long
Published: September 2022

The retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) clade is the largest spider lineage within Araneae. To better understand the diversity and evolution, we newly determined mitogenomes of ten RTA species from six families and performed a comparative mitogenomics analysis by combining them with 40 sequenced RTA mitogenomes available on GenBank. The ten mitogenomes encoded 37 typical mitochondrial genes and included a large non-coding region (putative control region). Nucleotide composition and codon usage were well conserved within the RTA clade, whereas diversity in sequence length and structural features was observed in control region. A reversal of strand asymmetry in nucleotide composition, i.e., negative AT-skews and positive GC-skews, was observed in each RTA species, likely resulting from mitochondrial gene rearrangements. All protein-coding genes were evolving under purifying selection, except for atp8 whose Ka/Ks was larger than 1, possibly due to positive selection or selection relaxation. Both mutation pressure and natural selection might contribute to codon usage bias of 13 protein-coding genes in the RTA lineage. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitogenomic data recovered a family-level phylogeny within the RTA; {[(Oval calamistrum clade, Dionycha), Marronoid clade], Sparassidae}. This study characterized RTA mitogenomes and provided some new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the RTA clade.
Cuproptosis-related gene signature correlates with the tumor immune features and predicts the prognosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Tang Yu , Li Qifan , Zhang Daoqi , Ma Zijian , Yang Jian , Cui Yuan , Zhang Aiping
Published: September 2022

Background: Although a majority of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (es-LUAD) patients have a favorable prognosis, there are still some cases with a risk of recurrence and metastasis. Cuproptosis is a new form of death that differs from other programmed cell death. However, no study has been reported for setting a prognostic model of es-LUAD using cuproptosis pattern-related genes.

Methods: Using multiple R packages, the data from the GEO database was processed, and es-LUAD patients was classified into two patterns based on cuproptosis-related genes. Key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two patterns were screened to construct a prognostic signature to assess differences in biological processes and immunotherapy responses in es-LUAD. Tumor microenvironment (TME) in es-LUAD was analyzed using algorithms such as TIMER and ssGSEA. Then, a more accurate nomogram was constructed by combining risk scores with clinical factors.

Results: Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs in two patterns were correlated with organelle fission, nuclear division, chromosome segregation, and cycle-related pathways. Univariate Cox regression and Lasso-Cox regression analyses identified six prognostic genes: ASPM, CCNB2, CDC45, CHEK1, NCAPG, and SPAG5. Based on the constructed model, we found that the high-risk group patients had higher expression of immune checkpoints (CTLA4, LAG3, PD-L1, TIGIT and TIM3), and a lower abundance of immune cells. Lastly, the nomogram was highly accurate in predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival status of patients with es-LUAD based on risk scores and clinical factors.

Conclusion: The cuproptosis pattern-related signature can serve as a potential marker for clinical decision-making. It has huge potential in the future to guide the frequency of follow-up and adjuvant therapy for es-LUAD patients.
Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNA immune infiltration and prediction of prognosis in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Yaoyu , Li Xiaodong , Li Xiaowei , Zhao Youguang , Zhou Tingting , Jiang Xin , Wen Yang , Meng Wenjun , Li Shadan
Published: September 2022

Background: Bladder cancer (BCa), among the world’s most common malignant tumors in the urinary system, has a high morbidity and mortality. Though cuproptosis is a new type of cell death mediated by lipoylated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle proteins, the role of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (crlncRNAs) in bladder tumors awaits further elucidation. In this paper, we tried to explore how important crlncRNAs are for BCa.

Methods: The crlncRNAs were first obtained through Pearson correlation analysis of the RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, three lncRNAs were acquired by Cox regression and Lasso regression to build a prognostic model of crlncRNAs for verification. In the meantime, clinicopathological correlation analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), immunoassay, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration prediction (IC50) were carried out. Then, an entire tumor was classified into two clusters by crlncRNA expression to further discuss the differences in prognosis, immune status and drug susceptibility among different subgroups.

Results: We obtained a total of 152 crlncRNAs and built a risk model for screened crlncRNAs. We validated the model and found that calibration charts feature a high consistency in verifying nomogram prediction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and univariate and multivariate Cox regression suggested that this model can be applied as an independent prognostic factor of bladder cancer due to its high accuracy. According to KEGG analysis, high-risk groups were enriched in cancer and immune-related pathways. During tumor immunoassay, noticeable differences were observed in both immune infiltration and checkpoints between high- and low-risk patients. Of the two subgroups divided among patients by consensus clustering, cluster 2 had a better prognosis, whereas cluster 1 had higher immunoreactivity scores, more immune cell infiltrations and immune checkpoint expressions, and different sensitivities to drugs.

Conclusion: The research findings demonstrate that crlncRNAs can be used to predict the prognosis and immune microenvironment of patients suffering from BCa, and differentiate between BCa subgroups to improve the individual therapy of BCa.
Prospect of research hotspots in prevention and treatment of diseases based on intestinal microbiome
Authors: Cai Yue , Zhang Yuting , Wang Wenxue , Geng Jiawei
Published: September 2022

With the in-depth study of gut microbiota, the methods of preventing and treating diseases have gradually diversified. But there is still lack of precise therapies methods to better treat the diseases. Therefore, researcher must focus on how to accurately regulate gut microbiota to achieve it. In order to promote the rapid development of this field, we provide several insights in gut microbiome-based precision therapies while prospecting the future directions.
Chikungunya (Togaviridae) and dengue 2 (Flaviviridae) viruses detected from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Burkina Faso by qRT-PCR technique: Preliminary results and perspective for molecular characterization of arbovirus circulation in vector populations
Authors: Hien Aristide S. , Sangaré Ibrahim , Ouattara Eric L. Parfait , Sawadogo Simon P. , Soma Diloma D. , Maiga Hamidou , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Bonnet Emmanuel , Ridde Valéry , Fournet Florence , Hawkes Frances M. , Kaupra Carina , Bouyer Jeremy , Abd-Alla Adly M. M. , Dabiré Roch K.
Published: September 2022

In 2016, an entomological study was carried out in a railway transect between Banfora and Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The objective was to assess the risk factors of arbovirus outbreaks, including vector-borne infection status within representative regions of the country. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were collected at the larval stage from their natural rearing habitats in four study sites when estimating the main larval index, then reared until adult stage and kept in RNAlater for the detection of arbovirus RNA. In the laboratory, mosquito samples were tested for dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) using a real-time qRT-PCR stage. A DENV-2 positive pool was detected in Ouagadougou with a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 16.67 and other six CHIKV-positive pools with a MIR of 66.67 in Ouagadougou, Banfora, and Boromo. This qRT-PCR approach, if validated with various samples also comprising wild blood-fed adults, is a useful tool for arbovirus circulation and disease monitoring in Burkina Faso.
Evaluating the yaws diagnostic gap: A survey to determine the capacity of and barriers to improving diagnostics in all yaws-endemic countries
Authors: Handley Becca L. , Tchatchouang Serges , Grout Lise , Johnson Roch Christian , Tabah Earnest Njih , Boua Bernard , Boock Alphonse Um , Koffi Aboa Paul , Phanzu Delphin Mavinga , Kotey Nana Konama , Rogers Emerson , Dofitas Belen , Jung Younghee , Maweke Tchalim , Beiras Camila G. , Maman Issaka , Basing Laud Anthony , Ngazoa Solange Kakou , Houezo Jean Gabin , Togbey Kwamy , Telan Elizabeth Freda , Sarmento Nevio , Marion Estelle , Addo Kwasi Kennedy , Mitjà Oriol , Asiedu Kingsley , Harding-Esch Emma , Marks Michael
Published: September 2022

Background

Yaws, caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue, is a skin neglected tropical disease. It is targeted for eradication by 2030, primarily using mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin. Traditionally, diagnosis of yaws has relied on clinical examination and serological testing. However, these approaches have poor diagnostic performance. To achieve eradication, more accurate diagnostics are required to determine whether MDA should be initiated or continued as well as for post-elimination surveillance. Molecular tools will be crucial for detecting antimicrobial resistant cases, which have the potential to derail eradication efforts. In order to determine the feasibility of introducing novel, more accurate, diagnostics for yaws surveillance purposes, it is necessary to understand current in-country diagnostic capacity. This study therefore aimed to understand the current capacity of, and challenges to, improving diagnostics for yaws in all yaws-endemic countries worldwide.

Methodology/principal findings

An online survey was sent to all 15 yaws-endemic countries in July 2021. The survey asked about past prevalence estimates, the availability of different diagnostic tools, and perceived barriers to enhancing capacity. Fourteen countries responded to the survey, four of which did not have a current National Policy for yaws eradication in place. Over 95% of reported that yaws cases from the past five years had not been confirmed with serological or molecular tools, largely due to the limited supply of rapid serological tests. Only four countries reported having operational laboratories for molecular yaws diagnosis, with only one of these having a validated assay to detect azithromycin resistance.

Conclusions and significance

This study highlights the diagnostic capacity constraints across all respondent countries. Countries are in need of access to a sustainable supply of serological tests, and development of molecular testing facilities. Sufficient sustainable funding should be made available to ensure that appropriate diagnostic tools are available and utilised.
Key principles for effective marine governance, including lessons learned after decades of adaptive management in the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Day Jon C.
Published: September 2022

This paper reviews the concept of governance in protected areas, providing details about nine key principles of governance as they relate to marine protected areas (MPAs). Following a theoretical description of each principle, real-world examples of the principles are presented from the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Marine Park, where marine governance has evolved over 45 years as part of adaptive management. Examples of good governance in the GBR include the intergovernmental arrangements that enable both federal and state governments to co-operate effectively across adjoining marine jurisdictions. In addition, the application of multiple layers of management adds to an effective integrated approach, considered to be the most appropriate for managing a large MPA. The nine governance principles discussed in the paper are applicable to all MPAs, but how they are applied will vary in dissimilar settings because of differing environmental, social, economic, cultural, and political contexts - clearly, one size does not fit all. The analogy of the nine principles being part of an interlaced or woven ‘lattice’ is also introduced. Collectively the lattice is stronger than any individual principle, and together all principles contribute to the totality of effective governance. The paper provides information for those involved in MPA management who are keen to understand marine governance and how it might apply to their MPA, recognising there will be differences in how the principles will apply.