bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and application of load profiles for thermal qualification testing of receptacle automotive connectors
Authors: Friedlein Matthias , Gräf Daniel , Stegner Jonas , Franke Jörg
Published: April 2021

Receptacle contacts often are a weak spot of the reliability in electronic systems. During the application phase of the lifecycle, especially in the automotive wiring harness, connectors experience severe loads such as temperature changes. During qualification testing, accelerated tests simulate these thermal stresses. Yet, only the damage mechanisms relevant for service life must be triggered. However, the increasing complexity of electronic components and wiring harnesses demands a continuous adaptation of test strategies. Therefore, this study develops and applies application-oriented load profiles for thermal qualification testing of connectors. Experiments include load profiles inspired by seasonal changes and daily car usage. The tests are carried out on a relative movement test bench as well as in a thermal cycling testing chamber. Contact resistance progression curves, the surface roughness of the contacts, and the area of the stressed contact zones assist in evaluating the effectiveness of the load profiles. All contacts tested during relative movement experiments show no change in contact resistance. The thermal cycling load profile however results in a significant rise in contact resistance. Additionally, the roughness values show varying damages on the contacts due to the different load profiles.
Doubly-filled COMPs in Alpine varieties
Authors: Schallert Oliver , Bidese Ermenegildo
Published: April 2021

Violations of the Doubly-filled COMP filter (DFCs), most notably in the context of embedded questions, can be observed in Germanic, Romance, and even Slavic varieties in the Alpine regions. Using the direct survey technique, we examine DFC-phenomena in several dialects of Southern Bavarian (including language islands) and the adjacent Italian regions (Venetian, Friulian, etc.) in order to check for relevant similarities as well as differences. Whereas there is some indication for a structural parallelism between Germanic and Romance in terms of the wh-items involved, both language groups are set apart when it comes to DFCs in root sentences.
Kooperation und Konkurrenz
Authors: Patel Kiran Klaus
Published: April 2021

Der Autor untersucht, wie die Europäische Union (EU) zur zentralen Akteurin der Wissenschafts- und Forschungspolitik auf europäischer Ebene werden konnte. Die Ausgangsthese hierfür lautet, dass es den Vorläuferorganisationen der heutigen EU bei ihrer Gründung in den 1950er Jahren keineswegs in die Wiege gelegt war, einmal eine derartige herausragende Rolle zu spielen. Die Europäischen Gemeinschaften waren vielmehr in diesem Bereich ein Spätankömmling auf einer Bühne, auf der sich bereits andere Internationale Organisationen tummelten – ganz abgesehen von den Akteuren auf lokaler, nationaler oder globaler Ebene. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschreibt der Beitrag die wesentlichen Entwicklungsschritte und analysiert Stationen sowie die Gründe für den Bedeutungsgewinn der EU auf diesem Politikfeld.
Macrostructural Changes of the Acoustic Radiation in Humans with Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Revealed with Fixel-Based Analysis
Authors: Koops Elouise A. , Haykal Shereif , van Dijk Pim
Published: April 2021

Age-related hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory impairment in the older adult population and is related to noise-induced damage or age-related deterioration of the peripheral auditory system. Hearing loss may affect the central auditory pathway in the brain, which is a continuation of the peripheral auditory system located in the ear. A debilitating symptom that frequently co-occurs with hearing loss is tinnitus. Strikingly, investigations into the impact of acquired hearing loss, with and without tinnitus, on the human central auditory pathway are sparse. This study used diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to investigate changes in the largest central auditory tract, the acoustic radiation, related to hearing loss and tinnitus. Participants with hearing loss, with and without tinnitus, and a control group were included. Both conventional diffusion tensor analysis and higher-order fixel-based analysis were applied. The fixel-based analysis was used as a novel framework providing insight into the axonal density and macrostructural morphologic changes of the acoustic radiation in hearing loss and tinnitus. The results show tinnitus-related atrophy of the left acoustic radiation near the medial geniculate body. This finding may reflect a decrease in myelination of the auditory pathway, instigated by more profound peripheral deafferentation or reflecting a preexisting marker of tinnitus vulnerability. Furthermore, age was negatively correlated with the axonal density in the bilateral acoustic radiation. This loss of fiber density with age may contribute to poorer speech understanding observed in older adults.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAge-related hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory impairment in the older adult population. Older individuals are subject to the cumulative effects of aging and noise exposure on the auditory system. A debilitating symptom that frequently co-occurs with hearing loss is tinnitus: the perception of a phantom sound. In this large DWI-study, we provide evidence that in hearing loss, the additional presence of tinnitus is related to degradation of the acoustic radiation. Additionally, older age was related to axonal loss in the acoustic radiation. It appears that older adults have the aggravating circumstances of age, hearing loss, and tinnitus on central auditory processing, which may partly be because of the observed deterioration of the acoustic radiation with age.
The heterogeneity of prostate cancers lacking AR activity will require diverse treatment approaches
Authors: Labrecque Mark P , Alumkal Joshi J , Coleman Ilsa M , Nelson Peter S , Morrissey Colm
Published: April 2021

The use of androgen deprivation therapy and second-line anti-androgens in prostate cancer has led to the emergence of tumors employing multiple androgen receptor (AR)-dependent and AR-independent mechanisms to resist AR-targeted therapies in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). While the AR signaling axis remains the cornerstone for therapeutic development in CRPC, a clearer understanding of the heterogeneous biology of CRPC tumors is needed for innovative treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of CRPC tumors that lack AR activity and the temporal and spatial considerations for the conversion of an AR-dependent to an AR-independent tumor type. We describe the more prevalent treatment-emergent phenotypes arising in the CRPC disease continuum, including amphicrine, AR-low, double-negative, neuroendocrine and small cell phenotypes. We discuss the association between the loss of AR activity and tumor plasticity with a focus on the roles of transcription factors like SOX2, DNA methylation, alternative splicing, and the activity of epigenetic modifiers like EZH2, BRD4, LSD1, and the nBAF complex in conversion to a neuroendocrine or small cell phenotype in CRPC. We hypothesize that only a subset of CRPC tumors have the propensity for tumor plasticity and conversion to the neuroendocrine phenotype and outline how we might target these plastic and emergent phenotypes in CRPC. In conclusion, we assess the current and future avenues for treatment and determine that the heterogeneity of CRPCs lacking AR activity will require diverse treatment approaches.
Establish a Nomogram of Cardiac Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Xie Naxin , Yan Sunang , Sun Xuejun , Liu Haibo
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Cardiac postoperative cognitive dysfunction (c-POCD) is a common complication. This article established a nomogram by analyzing preoperative and intraoperative data to help identify high-risk patients and take effective management for prevention of c-POCD in early stage.
Measurements and main results: A total of 265 patients were enrolled in this study, 27 of whom were diagnosed as cardiac postoperative cognitive dysfunction (c-POCD). Patients were divided into a control group and c-POCD group. Univariate analysis suggested that gender, smoking, drinking history, hypertension, white blood cell (WBC) count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), high-sensitivity troponin (hs-CRP), arrhythmia, left atrial diameter (LAD), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, and the ascending aortic block (AAB) time were correlated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that CPB time (P = 0.0015, OR (95% CI) = 6.696 (2.068-21.675), hypertension (P = 0.0098, OR (95%CI) = 3.776 (1.377-10.356), WBC count (P = 0.0227, OR (95%CI ) = 3.358 (1.184-9.522), AST (P = 0.0128, OR (95%CI) = 3.966 (1.340-11.735), and arrhythmia (P = 0.0017, OR (95%CI) = 5.164 (1.855-14.371) were the independent risk factors of cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery and used to establish a nomogram for clinical use. The initial C-index of the nomogram was 0.8182 and good calibration. Corrected C-index value of 0.793 was reached after internal validation. The area under ROC curve of this model was 0.8188 (95%CI: 0.7185-0.9190). The positive odds ratio (PLR) was 1.21 (95%CI: 1.1-1.3), and the negative odds ratio (NLR) was 0.18 (95%CI: 0.03-1.3).
Conclusion: This nomogram incorporating the CPB time, hypertension, WBC count, AST, and arrhythmia to predict the risk of c-POCD. The internal validation shows a good forecasting effect.
Sex Differences of Clinical Presentation and Outcomes in Propensity-Matched Patients with Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Nan , Liu Siqi , Duan Weixun , Zeng Min , Yi Dinghua
Published: April 2021

Objectives: To assess sex differences of clinical presentation and outcomes in propensity-matched patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD).
Methods: We collected the clinical data of patients with AAAD from a single heart center between January 2009 and July 2014. After propensity score matching, we compared differences in clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with AAAD between men and women.
Results: There were 590 patients (295 men and 295 women) with AAAD through propensity matching on demographics and patients’ history. We found that the presentation and diagnosis of AAAD often were more delayed in women. Severe signs of congestive heart failure (9.8% vs. 5.1%, P = 0.017), cardiac tamponade/shock (9.1% vs. 4.1%, P < 0.001), and periaortic hematoma (26.4% vs. 21.7%, P < 0.001) were more commonly presented in women. Surgery was more commonly performed in men than in women (95.4% (281/295) vs. 91.5% (270/295), P = 0.045), indicating the association of sex with surgical decision. To investigate the association of sex with outcomes after surgery, patients who underwent surgical treatment were re-matched (262 men and 262 women) by propensity score. Women suffered from greater in-hospital mortality than men (8.4% vs. 3.4%, P < 0.001). Postoperative complications of congestive heart failure (9.1% vs. 3.8%, P < 0.001), visceral ischemia (6.8% vs. 1.1%, P < 0.001), and limb ischemia (7.6% vs. 1.5%, P < 0.001) were more frequent in women. For women, prolonged operative time may increase in-hospital mortality, especially after 12 hours from the start of surgery (30.0% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated worse late outcomes in women in the matched surgery group (log-rank P = 0.012).
Conclusions: Our analysis provides new insights into sex differences in clinical presentation and outcomes of AAAD.
Giant Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Myxoma Mimics Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Report
Authors: Nakajima Tomomi , Bui Dung , Vu Thien , Nguyen Dang , Nguyen Dinh
Published: April 2021

Right ventricular myxoma is very rare, especially its originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and extending to the main pulmonary artery. Here, we report a case of a giant RVOT myxoma, indistinguishable from pulmonary embolism (PE). Although the myxoma is a candidate for urgent surgery, this case satisfied diagnostic criteria for PE and had no indication for intervention, according to the guideline. The strategy for this mass can be completely different, depending on the diagnosis. Surgical extraction was selected because of atypical clinical course, findings, and nagging debut for neoplasm. Then it made hemodynamic status stable by releasing RVOT obstruction and allowed to reveal the diagnosis as myxoma histopathologically.
РОЗВИТОК ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ОСВІТИ НА ПРИКАРПАТТІ
Authors: Matveievа Nataliia
Published: April 2021

На сучасному етапі актуалізуємо проблеми інклюзивної освіти, що ґрунтуються на визнанні прав і свобод людини й, зокрема, з порушеннями розвитку. Філософський аспект інклюзії передбачає улаштування гуманного суспільства у цілому та толерантного інклюзивного середовища, зокрема, у навчальному закладі. У статті проаналізовано найбільш актуальні проблеми сьогодення, що торкаються означених питань. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз розвитку інклюзивного процесу на території України, виокремлено регіони, що перебувають у зоні так званого «ризику» щодо упровадження та подальшого розвитку інклюзивного навчання; забезпечення дітей шкільного віку з різними нозологіями якісними освітнімипослугами; створення для них оптимальних умов соціалізації, навчання, виховання та розвитку. Так, з-поміж низки регіонів найбільш проблемними визнано гірські, що пояснюємо специфікою та віддаленістю розташування, неналежним забезпеченням педагогічними та медичними фахівцями, низьким рівнем обізнаності населення про інклюзію тощо. Pозкрито основні шляхи упровадження інклюзії на Прикарпатті, продемонстровано статистику, яка підтверджує позитивні зміни у її розвитку. Акцентовано увагу на особливостях упровадження інклюзивного навчання у закладах Івано-Франківської області та міста; охарактеризовано його функціонально-змістові складові на основі аналізу результатів діяльності навчальних закладів дошкільної, початкової та середньої ланки; наведено позитивні досягнення та прогалини у контексті означеного. Bиокремлено мету, завдання та напрями розвитку інклюзивної інфраструктури обласного центру. Вивчено, узагальнено та розкрито характеристики практичної роботи педагогів навчальних закладів на шляху створення інклюзивного середовища; опрацьовано та проаналізовано статистичні дані щодо включення осіб з особливими освітніми потребами у масові освітні заклади; встановлено основні прогалини та упущення даного.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ СТУДЕНТІВ ПІД ЧАС ВИВЧЕННЯ ЗАГАЛЬНОГО КУРСУ ФІЗИКИ НА ФІЗИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЯХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Gamarnyk Anna , Rachiy Bohdan , Tadeusz Olga , Yatsura Mykhailo
Published: April 2021

Самостійна робота залишається сьогодні основним засобом отримання глибоких фундаментальних знань студентами та вироблення у них прагнення до неперервного набуття нових знань, умінь і навичок. Метою роботи є аналіз стану самостійної роботи студентів у ЗВО та системи її організації і проведення під час вивчення розділу «Оптика» загального курсу фізики на фізичних спеціальностях ДВНЗ «Прикарпатський національний університет імені Василя Стефаника». Для досягнення окресленої мети застосовані такі методи: аналіз науково-педагогічної літератури,синтез, узагальнення, систематизація, що дало можливість з’ясувати особливості процесу організації самостійної роботи студентів фізичних спеціальностей.На основі теоретичного аналізу та практичного досвіду організації самостійної роботи студентів у процесі вивчення розділу «Оптика» загального курсу фізики на фізичних спеціальностях ЗВО зроблено такі висновки: під самостійною роботою студента слід розуміти будь-яку його діяльність, спрямовану на набуття знань, умінь і навичок, необхідних йому в майбутній професійній діяльності; самостійна робота студентів є ефективною тільки за умови правильного її планування та організації, якісного забезпечення її навчально-методичним супроводом з широким використанням інформаційних технологій; самостійна робота студента буде успішною тільки за умови здійснення чіткого контролю за її виконанням та об’єктивного оцінювання викладачем; поділ самостійної роботи на аудиторну і позааудиторну є чисто умовним і не має під собою жодного підґрунтя. Розглянуті в статті форми і методи самостійної роботи студентів разом із якісним навчально-методичним супроводом навчального процесу утворюють єдину систему навчання, яка повинна розкривати творчі здібності студентів, готувати їх до активного пошуку, викликати потребу вдосконалювати свою майстерність.
Lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžio veikslų ypatybės (lyginant su rusų kalba)
Authors: Галнайтите Э.
Published: April 2021

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžių veikslų ypatybės ir veiksmažodžių grupės, išskirtinos tų ypatybių pagrindu.Pagrindinėmis lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžių veikslų ypatybėmis, lyginant su rusų kalbos veikslais, laikytina tai, kad: 1) Lietuvių kalboje beveik nėra specialių gramatinių formų veikslui reikšti. Prie tokių “formų” priskirtini tik kai kurie priešdėliai, neturintieji leksinės reikšmės, ir išimtinais atvejais priesaga -inėti (plg. įrodyti–įrodinėti). 2) Kadangi lietuvių kalboje nėra veikslo formų, tai veiksmažodžių, kurie gali būti gretinami veikslo atžvilgiu, skaičius labai nedidelis. Todėl antroji veikslų ypatybė yra tai, kad lietuvių kalbai nebūdinga veiksmažodžio veikslų koreliacija. 3) Visa tai – dvi pirmosios ypatybės – nulemia trečiąją, būtent, kad didesnė visų veiksmažodžių dalis lietuvių kalboje yra vienaveiksliai.Atsižvelgiant į šiuos savitumus, lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžiai veikslo atžvilgiu skirstytini taip: 1) eigos veikslo veiksmažodžiai, 2) įvykio veikslo veiksmažodžiai, 3) dviveiksliai veiksmažodžiai, t. y., kurie gali turėti tai eigos, tai įvykio veikslo reikšmę, 4) veiksmažodžiai, gretintini veikslo atžvilgiu.Šių grupių veiksmažodžiai gana įvairūs darybos ir reikšmės atžvilgiu. Todėl straipsnyje bandoma panagrinėti smulkiau tas grupes.Analizuojamoji medžiaga rodo, kad lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžių veikslai sutampa su rusų kalbos veikslais tik gramatinės reikšmės atžvilgiu. Tačiau veikslo kategorija gana žymiai skiriasi šiose kalbose išraiškos priemonėmis: jeigu rusų kalboje veikslai išreiškiami specialiomis gramatinėmis priemonėmis (priešdėliai, priesagos), tai lietuvių kalboje jų beveik nėra. Todėl ir veiksmažodžių grupės, išskirtinos veikslo atžvilgiu, gretinamose kalbose yra atvirkščiai proporcingos, t. y. veiksmažodžių, kuriems būdinga veikslų koreliacija, rusų kalboje daugiau, o vienaveikslių ir dviveikslių veiksmažodžių mažiau.
SCRATCH Trial: An Initiative to Reduce Excess Use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula
Authors: Noelck Michelle , Foster Alex , Kelly Serena , Arehart Ashley , Rufener Christina , Wagner Tamara , Ibsen Laura , Burns Erin
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

We aimed to reduce unnecessary use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) at lower flow rates through the implementation of a standard daily trial off HFNC at a medium-sized academic center.

METHODS:

We used an interprofessional quality improvement collaboration to develop and implement interventions to reduce HFNC waste in children aged 1 month to 24 months with bronchiolitis who were admitted to the inpatient ward or ICU. Key interventions included development and implementation of the Simple Cannula/Room Air Trial for Children (SCRATCH Trial), a standard trial off HFNC for eligible infants. Process measures were selected as metrics of use of the newly developed trial. The primary outcome measure was hours of treatment with ≤8 L per minute (LPM) of HFNC. Additional outcome measures included total hours of treatment with HFNC and length of stay.

RESULTS:

A total of 271 patients were included in this study, 131 in the preimplementation group and 140 in the postimplementation group. The mean hours of treatment below our a priori determined waste line (≤8 LPM of HFNC) decreased from 36.3 to 16.8 hours after SCRATCH Trial implementation, and mean length of stay decreased from 4.1 to 3.0 days.

CONCLUSIONS:

The SCRATCH Trial was successfully implemented across hospital units, with a significant reduction in hours on ≤8 LPM of flow. Rapid discontinuation of HFNC appears feasible and may be associated with a shorter length of stay.
Quality Initiative to Reduce High-Flow Nasal Cannula Duration and Length of Stay in Bronchiolitis
Authors: Charvat Courtney , Jain Shabnam , Orenstein Evan W. , Miller Laura , Edmond Mary , Sanders Rebecca
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) use in bronchiolitis may prolong length of stay (LOS) if weaned more slowly than medically indicated. We aimed to reduce HFNC length of treatment (LOT) and inpatient LOS by 12 hours in 0- to 18-month-old patients with bronchiolitis on the pediatric hospital medicine service.

METHODS:

After identifying key drivers of slow weaning, we recruited a multidisciplinary “Wean Team” to provide education and influence provider weaning practices. We then implemented a respiratory therapist–driven weaning protocol with supportive sociotechnical interventions (huddles, standardized orders, simplification of protocol) to reduce LOT and LOS and promote sustainability.

RESULTS:

In total, 283 patients were included: 105 during the baseline period and 178 during the intervention period. LOT and LOS control charts revealed special cause variation at the start of the intervention period; mean LOT decreased from 48.2 to 31.2 hours and mean LOS decreased from 84.3 to 60.9 hours. LOT and LOS were less variable in the intervention period compared with the baseline period. There was no increase in PICU transfers or 72-hour return or readmission rates.

CONCLUSIONS:

We reduced HFNC LOT by 17 hours and LOS by 23 hours for patients with bronchiolitis via multidisciplinary collaboration, education, and a respiratory therapist–driven weaning protocol with supportive interventions. Future steps will focus on more judicious application of HFNC in bronchiolitis.
Nicola Hoggard Creegan and Andrew Shepherd (eds.), Creation and Hope: Remections on Ecological Anticipation and Action from Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Wallace Mark I.
Published: April 2021

Nicola Hoggard Creegan and Andrew Shepherd (eds.), Creation and Hope: Remections on Ecological Anticipation and Action from Aotearoa New Zealand (Eugene: Pickwick Publications, 2018), 230pp., $22.40 (pbk), ISBN: 978153260973.
Rosalind Fredericks, Garbage Citizenship: Vital Infrastructures of Labor in Dakar, Senegal
Authors: Myers Garth
Published: April 2021

Rosalind Fredericks, Garbage Citizenship: Vital Infrastructures of Labor in Dakar, Senegal (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2018) xi+200 pp., $23.95 (pbk), ISBN: 978-1-4780-0141-6.
Elizabeth Hoover, The River Is in Us: Fighting Toxics in a Mohawk Community
Authors: Arnold Philip P.
Published: April 2021

Elizabeth Hoover, The River Is in Us: Fighting Toxics in a Mohawk Community (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2017), 392 pp., $112.00 (cloth), ISBN: 978- 1-5179-0302-2.
Revealing New Technologies in Ocean Engineering Research using Machine Learning
Authors: Li Xin , Liang Yanchun , Chen Biqian , He Baorun , Jiang Yu
Published: April 2021

On par with aerospace engineering, ocean engineering has caught a lot of attention re-cently. In this paper we employ machine learning and natural language processing methods to reveal new technologies and research hotspots in the ocean engineering field. Our data collection includes 14 high-impact journals, and the abstracts of almost 30,000 papers pub- lished from 2010 to 2019. We employed two topic models, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and PhraseLDA. Used independently, the LDA model may lack interpretability and the PhraseLDA result may lose information in the final topics. We hence combined these two models and discovered the research hotspots for each year using affinity propagation cluster- ing and word-cloud-based visualization. The results reveal that several topics such as "wind power" and "ship structure", areas such as the European and Arctic seas, and some common research methods are increasing in popularity. This work consists of data collection, topic modelling, clustering, and visualization, which can help researchers understand the trends and important topics in ocean engineering as well as other fields.
Readiness of Health Workers to Provide Pregnancy Planning Program for Women Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Study in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Marheni Putri Made Chindy Dwiyanti , Lestari Pudji , Akbar Muhammad Ilham Aldika
Published: April 2021

Background: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mother-to-child infection, or vertical transmission of HIV, in Indonesia is about 90%. Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Regulation No. 21 of 2013 stated that HIV infection in sexual productive age needs integrative professional help to lower the transmissions, including voluntary counseling and testing for pregnant women as well as all people at risk. This study aimed to determine the readiness of health workers to provide pregnancy planning program service for women with HIV.Methods: This study was a descriptive study involving 30 obstetricians and 30 residents of Obstetrics and Gynecology specialist education in Surabaya, Indonesia. The respondents’ knowledge on pregnancy planning for HIV-infected women based on based on guidance released by the Ministry of Health of Indonesia in 2017 and Regulation of Ministry of Health no. 52 the year 2017, as well as their attitude and readiness to provide pregnancy planning services, was explored. Questionnaires were distributed from August to December 2019 and the data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 17.0 and results were described in percentage.Results: Most health workers (80%) had good knowledge on providing pregnancy planning program for HIV positive women; however, only 63.3% had good attitude towards it. The majority of respondents (90%) were ready to help HIV patients in planning their pregnancy. Conclusion: Health workers in Surabaya are ready to provide services related to pregnancy planning for women infected with HIV.
Knowledge on Breast Cancer and Practice of Self-Examination among Schoolgirls in Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: B Mpulumba , K Mukendi , K Musasa , B Manongo , N Bambi , K Mbaya , M Muamba
Published: April 2021

Background: The breast cancer represents a major problem of public health in Democratic Republic of the Congo. This study aims at assessing the knowledge about breast cancer and the practice of breast self-examination among schoolgirls, and to propose effective intervention measures to promote early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in Mbujimayi.
What Can Make Online Government Platforms Inclusive and Deliberative? A Reflection on Online Participatory Budgeting in Duinoord, The Hague
Authors: van der Does Ramon , Bos David
Published: April 2021

How can online government platforms meet principles of inclusivity and deliberation? We reflect on this question based on a recent case of online participatory budgeting in a neighborhood of The Hague, the Netherlands (Duinoord Begroot). In terms of inclusivity, our findings suggest that sending out personal invitations and setting few voting requirements can contribute to online voting rates. Furthermore, the use of few participation criteria in the initial stages of the process can enhance the diversity of gathered ideas. In terms of deliberation, we discuss how the structure of an online platform may ‘nudge’ citizens towards deliberation. The results indicate that while the platform generated an equal distribution of arguments in favor of and against proposals, it did not engage citizens en masse in online discussions. We suggest that building incentives and feedback loops into the platform could address this limitation.
O partejar da enfermagem à mulher em uma casa de parto
Authors: Dias Ernandes Gonçalves , Freitas Ana Mendes Souza , Nunes Hilária Kezia Gonçalves de Freitas , Silva Daiane Kelen Cardoso , Campos Lyliane Martins
Published: April 2021

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o partejar da enfermagem à mulher nos períodos do trabalho de parto e nascimento em uma Casa de Parto sob a perspectiva da parturiente. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e qualitativo com sete mulheres assistidas em uma Casa de Parto no norte de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram coletados em agosto de 2019 por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada e analisados mediante a técnica de “Análise do Conteúdo” na perspectiva de Bardin. RESULTADOS: Emergiram duas categorias de análise: “Integralidade e longitudinalidade no cuidado de Enfermagem” e “Estratégias de cuidado e promoção da autonomia da mulher” que apontaram condutas de respeito a autonomia e fisiologia do trabalho de parto, além do adotarem práticas não farmacológicas para alívio da dor e a garantia da presença de acompanhante e apoio familiar no trabalho de parto. CONCLUSÃO: O cuidado de Enfermagem destinado às mulheres em trabalho de parto indica um partejar humanizado, estabelecimento de vínculo e relação empática balizados por um cuidado integral e longitudinal. Essas condutas podem romper sentimentos negativos em relação aos profissionais, à assistência de enfermagem e ao ato de parir.
A warning to readers about the term metanalysis in non-systematic reviews about diabetic retinopathy: documental study
Authors: Mozetic Vania , Barros Valeria Mozetic de , Denadai Lucas , Cruz Matheus Ferreira Santos da , Cruz Natasha Ferreira Santos da , Moraes Nilva Simeren Bueno de
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Meta-analysis is a very seductive term in scientific papers because it summarizes a compilation of quantitative results; however its interpretation must be done carefully. OBJECTIVE: Search the diabetic retinopathy intervention literature for the occurrence of the term meta-analysis in non-systematic reviews, showing the reader the frequency that they occur and alert to the dangers that inadequate interpretation can cause. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An extensive search in Pubmed was performed for works with the term meta-analysis in the title, abstract and keywords (ti, abs, kw) without date or language restriction. The selected papers were read fully in search of characteristics of systematic review (SR) or not. The results are presented objectively with a critical analysis of each analysed term. RESULTS: We found 39 papers with the term meta-analysis on (ti, abs, kw). 12 (30.8%) of them did not write the study design in the abstract. 14 (35.9%) did not present the search strategy, 15(38.5%) did not mention having a language or date restriction. 23 (59%) did not mention the SR model that was followed and only five (12.8%) registered the protocol. Only two articles fulfilled the RS requirements. CONCLUSION: We found in the literature reviews of selected studies with meta-analysis, not configuring an SR that can induce the reader to interpret it as an SR. The term meta-analysis cannot be interpreted as the panacea for the solution of all doubts.
Immunoterapia ed eventi avversi cardiaci: come riconoscerli e gestirli
Authors: D’Ambrosio Cristiana
Published: April 2021

Gli inibitori del checkpoint immunitario (ICIs) sono una nuova opzione di trattamento per la terapia del cancro, che aiutano a dirigere il sistema immunitario a riconoscere e colpire le cellule tumorali. Gli ICIs hanno mostrato importanti benefici negli studi di fase 3 e diversi agenti sono stati approvati per tumori maligni specifici, ma sono anche as-sociati a tossicità immunomediata. A differenza della maggior parte degli eventi avversi immunocorrelati (irAE), che sono un evento comune, reversibile e che possono essere trattati in modo efficace con la terapia con glucocorticoidi, le cardiotossicità associate a ICI sono rare, con gravi complicazioni e una mortalità relativamente elevata anche se trattata con glucocorticoidi. La cardiotossicità associata a ICIs può manifestarsi in vari modi, compreso miocardite, aritmie e malattie della conduzione, malattie pericardiche, infarto del miocardio, disfunzione cardiomiocitica non infiammatoria e persino cardiomiopatia simile a Takotsubo. La maggior parte degli effetti cardiotossici sembrano essere di natura infiammatoria. La presente recensione riassume l'attuale comprensione delle cardiotossicità associate all'ICI, esaminando l'epidemiologia e i tempi di insorgenza, nonché la loro presentazione clinica, le modalità diagnostiche, la gestione clinica e i risultati. Sebbene la letteratura della cardiotossicità associata all’ICI rimanga limitata ai casi clinici, alla serie di casi e ai primi studi clinici, sono state proposte strategie per la sorveglianza, la diagnosi e la gestione di questa complicanza cardiovascolare potenzialmente fatale della terapia del cancro.
Ipertensione Arteriosa da Anti VEGF: un problema da gestire
Authors: Locci Giorgio
Published: April 2021

I farmaci che inibiscono il Vascular Endothelian Growth Factor (Anti VEGF) hanno come effetto collaterale l’Iper-tensione Arteriosa fino a circa il 40% dei casi. Questo effetto sembra favorito dalla riduzione della densità dei capillari e delle arteriole, dal blocco della NO-sintetasi e dall’aumento di Endotelina, che determina un’alterazione dell’equi-librio tra vasodilatazione e vasocostrizione a favore di quest’ultima; essi inoltre possono determinare fenomeni trombotici con ischemia miocardica e, anche se raramente, scompenso cardiaco. Nei pazienti trattati con questi farmaci bisogna fare una Stratificazione del Rischio Cardiovascolare a 10 anni applicando la tabella dello SCORE come indicato nelle Linee Guida Europee ESC/ESH 2018. Per la terapia mirata anti-ipertensiva si possono usare i Beta bloccanti, gli Ace-Inibitori, i Sartani ed i Calcio antagonisti diidropiridinici. Mentre sono da evitare i calcio-antagonisti non diidro-piridinici come il Diltiazem ed il Verapamil per la loro Interferenza con il Citocromo p450. I diuretici vanno sconsigliati per gli effetti sull’equilibrio idroelettrolitico spesso compromesso in molti pazienti neoplastici.
Seeking the unicorn v1
Authors: J Andrade-Lotero Edgar , Goldstone Robert
Published: April 2021

The task is a two-player game in which players interact with 64 tiles arranged in an 8x8 grid. The grid can either hide a unicorn beneath one of the tiles or else it can be absent from the grid. Either event can occur with equal probability. At the beginning of each round, the computer chooses whether or not there is a unicorn, and if there is one, it randomly chooses a tile---each one having an equal probability of being chosen---and places the unicorn beneath it. Then, players have to guess whether there is a unicorn or if it is absent from the grid by uncovering tiles one at a time, with both players uncovering tiles simultaneously, in order to see what lies beneath them. What tiles have been uncovered and whether there is or not a unicorn is only known to the player that uncovers these tiles. However, in the event that both players uncover the same tile, it changes its color and both players can immediately see this. At any time during the round, each player can make a guess as to whether the unicorn is present or absent from the grid. The other player will know this information and they can use it to inform their own guess. The round ends when both players announce that their guess is a final decision, and then they are shown their individual scores from the round. The score depends on whether the player's guess is correct (32 points) or incorrect (-64 points), subtracting the number of tiles that were uncovered by both players.
In vitro alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity v1
Authors: akşit huseyin
Published: April 2021

alpha-glucosidase enzyme hydrolyses p-NPG to p-nitro phenol and glucoside. p-nitro phenol have max absorbonce at 405 nm.
On the Relationship Between Uncertainty Tolerance and Hardiness in Adolescents
Authors: Andronnikova Olga O.
Published: April 2021

Objective – identify the relationship between the phenomena of uncertainty tolerance and hardiness in adolescents. Uncertainty tolerance (UT) is understood as a personality trait that manifests itself in an ability to accept uncertainty and act confidently in unstable situations. Adolescence is characterized as a period of instability. It is thus assumed that uncertainty tolerance is a significant parameter in the structure of adolescents’ hardiness. The research was designed to identify the relationship between uncertainty tolerance and hardiness in adolescents using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Survey respondents: 66 schoolchildren in grades 9 and 11 (15–18 years old), of which 34 are boys and 32 are girls. For the research, a set of methods was used. Hardiness Survey (S. Maddi adapted by D. A. Leont’ev); McLane’s Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale-I ((MSTAT-I) adapted by E. G. Lukovitskaia); Adaptive behavioural strategies Questionnaire (adolescent form: ASP‑1) by N. N. Mel’nikova. The results of the research indicate that the relationship between uncertainty tolerance to and the scales (p ≤ 0.0001) of Risk Acceptance (r = 0.75), Control (r = 0.71), Engagement (r = 0.65), Vitality (r = 0.65) has been determined. Empirical data contribute to the understanding of uncertainty tolerance as a basic personality trait that contributes to the effective organization of life with a limited amount of information about future events. Building hardiness enables adolescents to cope with age-related challenges in a more efficient way
New Methodology for Designing External Fencing Structures Energy Efficient Civil Buildings
Authors: Shaumarov Said S.
Published: April 2021

Based on the performed theoretical studies and calculations, the developed methodological foundations of designing the external enclosing structures of energy-efficient buildings based on cellular concrete with a given set of properties are presented, which are of great economic importance for construction oriented in the modern period towards the creation of energy-efficient civil facilities
Alexander Blok between Vl. Solovyev and E.V. Anichkov: A. Blok’s drama “The Rose and the Cross” and the legacy of Western esotericism
Authors: Rychkov A.L.
Published: April 2021

In the third article of the series publications on the topic “A. Blok and Vl. Solovyov”, the author considers the representation of the heritage of Western esoterism in Blok’s drama “The Rose and the Cross” on the example of the poet's appeal to the themes of Joachimism and Catharism, including the neo-mythological connection of the Cathars with the legend of the Holy Grail. The author analyzes the influence of V.V. Solovyov's historiosophy and E.V. Anichkov's aesthetics on the symbolism of the drama from the perspective of rethinking these themes. It is shown that the drama of Blok is deeply intertwined with the neo-mythological concepts of the "French school" of Western esotericism, which were widely discussed in the circle of Russian symbolists, for example, in connection with the work of Sar Peladan. The conclusion is made about the influence on the symbolism of the drama of the works of V. Solovyov and the beliefs of E. V. Anichkov associated with medieval mysticism. An extensive bibliography is provided.
“The Lord Breathed On The Face Of Underworld”: Maximilian Voloshin and Kabbala
Authors: Burmistrov K.Yu.
Published: April 2021

The acquaintance of Maximilian Aleksandrovich Voloshin (1877–1932), one of the central figures in the history of Russian culture in the first third of the twentieth century, with the tradition of Western European esotericism, as well as with the concepts of Jewish Kabbalah, is still poorly understood. At the same time, it is known that they played an important role in his worldview and creativity. The article offers an analysis of several topics related to Kabbalah, which had a noticeable impact on the work of Voloshin. Particular attention is paid to the problem of establishing written sources of borrowings and interpretations of Kabbalistic ideas, clarifying concepts, as well as ways of transmitting elements of Kabbalah among European and Russian esotericists. Through the study of various works of Voloshin, his diary entries, drafts and correspondence, the names of esoteric authors who are especially important for the study of this topic have been identified (E.P. Blavatsky, A. Fabre d'Olivet, A. Franck, Eliphas Levi and etc.). Through a thorough analysis of the methods of perception and transmission of the ideas of Kabbalah among European esotericists, it was shown that, strange as it may seem, the result of studying such sources and their interpretation by Voloshin was a fairly accurate and adequate use of Kabbalistic concepts both in theoretical works and in poetry.
MONOGRAPH REVIEW OF DR. IRYNA DIKOVSKA "INTERNATIONAL SUCCESSION IN THE EU AND UKRAINE: DIRECTIONS FOR ADAPTATION OF UKRAINIAN LAW TO THE EU LAW" (KYIV, ALERTA, 2020).
Authors: Fedorchenko N.
Published: April 2021

The review evaluates the content of the monography. It has been concluded that the idea of the monograph is relevant since the rules of international treaties of Ukraine (namely, bilateral agreements on legal assistance) and the Law of Ukraine on Private International Law (hereinafter: PILA) contain some gaps and uncertain provisions regarding international succession law issues which need to be filled or revised respectively. We support the author's suggestion to make such amendments taking into consideration Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession, as well as, the EU Private International Law doctrine and solutions to international succession law issues in national law of some the EU Member States. The book consists of 15 chapters which focus on the determination of international jurisdiction in succession matters; determination of the law applicable to succession relations with a foreign element; recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions in succession matters; acceptance of authentic documents created abroad. Many author's ideas seem appropriate. They include the suggestions to determine the scope of law applicable to the succession in PILA; to amend the conflict of laws rules applicable to the form of wills; to include in PILA conflict of laws rules regarding succession agreements; to amend some rules of Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine applicable to recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions in civil matters and others. It was concluded that the monograph would useful f
Grãos Secos de Destilaria na Alimentação de Frangos de Corte
Authors: Valentim Jean Kaique , D’Ávila Lima Heder José , Marques Bittencourt Tatiana , Matos e Silva Nayara Emanoelle , De Castro Burbarelli Maria Fernanda , Garófallo Garcia Rodrigo , De Carvalho Pantoja Jessica , Barbosa Deivid Kelly
Published: April 2021

O uso de coprodutos agroindustriais na alimentação animal promove a diminuição dos custos de produção com insumos básicos como o milho e a soja, evitando os impactos causados pelo descarte desta matéria orgânica no ambiente, além de ser fonte nutricional de qualidade. Dessa forma, os grãos secos de destilaria com solúveis (DDGS) se tornam uma alternativa lucrativa em função de baixo custo, qualidade proteica e apelo sustentável, por ser oriundo da produção de biocombustíveis. Em contrapartida, em decorrência da variabilidade da composição nutricional deste ingrediente, sua adição em dietas avícolas deve ser realizada com cautela, minimizando perdas no desempenho das aves. Dessa forma se buscou avaliar por meio de um artigo de revisão de literatura a utilização de grãos secos de destilaria na dieta de frango de corte. É importante reiterar que os componentes nutricionais podem variar, sendo maior para coprodutos do que para os alimentos convencionais, podendo causar distúrbios nutricionais, se análises frequentes não forem realizadas e se as dietas não forem adequadamente balanceadas, de acordo com a qualidade nutricional do alimento. O DDGS possui grande potencial no uso da alimentação de frango de corte, em função da qualidade nutricional, podendo minimizar custos dentro dessa cadeia.

 

Palavras-chave: Aves de Corte. Biocombustíveis. Coprodutos. DDGS. Milho

 

Abstract

The use of agro-industrial co-products in animal feed promotes the reduction of production costs with basic inputs such as corn and soybeans, avoids the impacts caused by the disposal of this organic matter in the environment, besides being a nutritional source of quality. Thus, dry grains of soluble distillery (DDGS) become a profitable alternative due to the low cost, protein quality and sustainable appeal, because it comes from biofuel production. On the other hand, due to the variability of the nutritional composition of this ingredient, its addition in poultry diets should be performed with caution, minimizing losses in the poultries’ performance. Thus, it was sought to evaluate through a literature review article the use of dry distillery grains in the broilers’ diet. It is important to reiterate that nutritional components may vary, being higher for co-products than for conventional foods, and may cause nutritional disorders, if frequent analyses are not performed and if diets are not properly balanced, according to the food nutritional quality. DDGS has great potential in the use of chicken feeding, due to its nutritional quality, and can minimize costs within this chain.

 

Keywords: Biofuels. Co-Products. DDGS. Corn.
Pengaruh Paparan Tayangan Pornografi melalui Media Sosial terhadap Perilaku Mahasiswa di Yogyakarta
Authors: Andriyani Mei , Ardina Mega
Published: April 2021

Era sekarang ini, media sosial banyak mengandung konten negatif yang tidak semestinya dengan mudah dapat diakses oleh semua kalangan khususnya kalangan remaja. Derasnya informasi yang diterima mahasiswa dari media sosial menjadikan mahasiswa dengan mudah mengakses segala kebutuhan dirinya seperti kebutuhan seksual yaitu tayangan pornografi yang tidak disadari dapat mempengaruhi pola perilaku mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh paparan tayangan pornografi melalui media sosial terhadap perilaku mahasiswa di Yogyakarta, serta untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku mahasiswa di Yogyakarta dalam menonton tayangan pornografi melalui media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Skinner atau biasa disebut teori “S-O-R” (Stimulus-Organisme-Respons) yang menjelaskan tentang perilaku. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terhadap 60 mahasiswa di Yogyakarta secara random. Metode dasar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods, dan strategi eksplanatoris sekuensial. Analisis data secara kuantitatif dilakukan dengan regresi linier berganda. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh negatif yang ditimbulkan dari paparan tayangan pornografi terhadap perilaku menyimpang mahasiswa di Yogyakarta, sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku menyimpang mahasiswa di Yogyakarta yaitu motivasi sebesar 0,049, keluarga sebesar 0.019, dan pergaulan sebesar 0,009.