bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secure Multi-objective Hybrid Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Kaushik Ruchi , Singh Vijander , Kumari Rajani
Published: January 2021

Background:

Wireless sensor networks play a significant role in network technologies. It is difficult
to determine an optimal route that satisfies the requirements of wireless sensor networks. Energy-
aware and trust-aware routing protocols play a critical role in the security of wireless sensor
networks. SRPMA routing protocols have limited parameters and functions. The ant colony algorithm
is specifically designed to find the roots in which convergence is limited.

Objective:

This paper proposed an improved multi-objective trust-energy aware hybrid routing protocol
using a hybrid grey wolf genetic algorithm (I-MTERP-GWOGA) to achieve quality service
by optimizing network security and reducing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.

Methods:

Energy-aware function calculated by the radio energy dissipation model ensures if the
nodes involved in the route are capable of transmitting the data packets successfully or not. The
load function directly impacts the delay of the transmission of data packets.

Results:

I-MTERP-GWOGA algorithm shows better simulation results than secure routing protocol
based on multi-objective ant-colony (SRPMA) and improved ant colony optimization based security
routing protocol (IASR) algorithms using MATLAB 2019a.

Conclusion:

The proposed algorithm improves performance against malicious nodes using five
network performance criteria; packet delivery ratio, packet loss rate, average energy consumption,
and end to end delay.
Using Double DQN and Sensor Information for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Raghavan Ramesh , Verma Dinesh Chander , Bansal Tarun
Published: January 2021

Background:

In most of the research the autonomous driving problem is either solved with policy gradients or
DQN. In this paper, we have tried to eliminate the problem of policy gradients which is high variance and an
overestimation of values in DQN. We have used DDQN as it has low variance, and it solves the problem of
overestimation in DQN.

Aim:

The main aim of this paper is to propose a framework for an autonomous driving model that takes in raw sensor
information as input data and predicts actions as output from the model which could then be used for simulating the car.

Objective:

The main objective of this paper is to use DDQN and Discretization technique to solve the autonomous driving
problem and get better results even with a continuous action space.

Methods:

To solve the bridge between self-driving cars and reinforcement learning we have used Double Deep QNetworks as this could help to prevent the overestimation of values by decoupling the selection from the evaluation. Also,
to solve the problem of continuous action space we have used the discretization technique in which variables are grouped
into bins and each bin is assigned a value in such a way that the relationship between the bins is preserved.

Result:

The experimental results showed improved performance of the agent. The agent was tested for different conditions
like curve roads and traffic, which showed the agent can drive at different conditions as well. We have also illustrated how
DDQN performed well over policy gradients just by adding a simple discretization technique to make the action space
discrete and overcoming the issue of overestimation of q-values.

Conclusion:

We design the gym environment and reward function for DDQN to work. We have also used CARLA as a
virtual simulator for training purposes. Finally, we have demonstrated that our agent was able to perform well in different
cases and conditions. As a reminder note, we can improve our agent to also work for following traffic light rules and other
road safety measures.
A Comprehensive Review on Recently Detected Herbal Phytoactives
Having Anti-Diabetic Potential for Various Diabetes-Related Complications
Authors: Wal Pranay , Wal Ankita , Pal Rashmi Saxena , Singh Priya
Published: January 2021

Background:

Diabetes is a metabolic, endocrine disorder which is featured by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, primarily due to beta cell destruction, with Insulin Resistance playing a secondary role. It is treated with the help of
many chemical based drugs as well as natural derivatives.

Objective:

There is urgent need to develop new efficacious, cheaper and more available drugs to face this growing public
health challenge. Many anti-diabetic drugs are often often associated with many adverse effects.

Materials & Methods:

Literature was reviewed in a narrative manner in order to pertain the information about active phytoactives present in the different plants. Anti-diabetic drugs are often loaded with side effects; therefore, review is being
done for the selection of effective natural therapeutic moieties with less or no adverse effects.

Results:

In this review article, we described the detailed review of recently detected bioactive compounds present in different natural substances; which can be used effectively for diabetes related adversities.

Conclusion:

Natural products based bioactive molecules have been proven to improve insulin resistance and other related
complications through suppression of inflammatory signaling pathways.
Phytochemical Analysis and in vitro Antibacterial Activities of Seagrass Enhalus acoroides against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Setyoningrum Desy , Yamindago Ade , Hikmah Julinda Sari Syarifah , Maftuch Maftuch
Published: January 2021

Several studies of marine bioactive compounds have been carried out using seagrass. Enhalus acoroides is a type of seagrass that has bioactive compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and saponins that have potential as an antibacteria. The aim of study is to investigate the phytochemical compound contained in the crude extract of Enhalus acoroides and its antibacterial activities of Enhalus acoroides against Staphylococcus aureus. The seagrass was collected, washed, dried, grind and exposed to extraction by vacum rotary evaporator at temperature of 40°C and was analyzed for their phytoconstituents. Further, the crude extract was tested against pathogenic bacterial at different concentrations using disc diffusion method to determine the effect of bioactive compounds in E. acoroides to bacteria. In the present study, qualitative test of phytochemical from ethanol extract of Enhalus acoroides leaves contained phytochemical compound of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and saponins, while the extract of roots contained all of compounds except saponins. Based on research can be concluded, that Enhalus acoroides also has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus that showed by the presence of inhibition zone. The present finding suggests that the extract of seagrass Enhalus acoroides can be used an antibacterial agent from marine.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE NEW REDUCTION OF THE CHAPTER 40 OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL CODE
Authors:   V.Z. Dzhantoukhanov North-Caucasian institute of All-Russian state university of justice, Dzhantoukhanov V.Z. , Dzhantoukhanova M.V. ,   M.V. Dzhantoukhanova North-Caucasian institute of All-Russian state university of justice
Published: January 2021

The review and analysis of the changes carried into the Russian Federation Criminal procedural code by the initiative of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is provided in this article. These changes are carried in two directions: concerning the conditions being obligatory for the application of the special order of passing a judgement in a criminal case and the possibility of stopping the criminal case examined in this order. The problems of usefulness of the changes carried in and also the consequences of them for lawinforcement practice. The changes of the positions of the chapter 40 of the Criminal procedural code including its first reduction are analysed too. Summerising the investigation the proposals for further perfection of the legislative regulation of the positions concerning the conditions of using of this institution are also examined.
ELEMENTS OF AN OBLIGATION TO CAUSE HARM (IN THE AREA OF MEDICAL CARE OR MEDICAL SERVICES)
Authors:   I.M. Vilgonenko Institute of service, tourism and design (branch) of Federal state Autonomous educational institution of higher professional education North-Caucasian Federal University in Pyatigorsk, Vilgonenko I.M. , Gagieva N.R. ,   N.R. Gagieva Institute of service, tourism and design (branch) Federal State Autonomous educational institution "North-Caucasian Federal University»
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the elements of the obligation of harm, such as unlawful behavior that entailed the harm; the harm done; a causal relationship between unlawful behavior and harm; the fault of the person who caused the harm. These elements are analyzed not only in general, but also specifically in the field of medical care or medical services. The essence of the indicated categories is revealed and their interpretation is analyzed. The forms of abuse of the right in the field of medical care or medical services are considered. Attention is also paid to the consideration of civil liability without fault
TEMPORARY ADMINISTRATION IN THE LEGISLATION ON INSOLABILITY OF FINANCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   O.A. Osmanov Daghestan State University, Osmanov O.A.
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the legislation on insolvency (bankruptcy) of financial organizations. The main methods for achieving results are formal legal, systemic, comparative legal, separate logical techniques, methods of interpretation of regulatory documents. The article is of a scientific and practical nature and explores certain aspects of the legal status of the provisional administration in cases of insolvency of financial organizations. The bankruptcy of the latter is endowed by the legislator with very significant features. The author made an attempt to investigate the grounds of appointment, rights and obligations, responsibility of the interim administration. The role of the Bank of Russia in this procedure is highlighted. The main conclusions were assessments of the effectiveness and practical significance of the norms of the legislation on bankruptcy of financial organizations.
PROBLEMS OF INTERACTION OF INSTITUTIONS OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND STATE IN ENSURING ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENS
Authors:   S.R. Bekishieva Dagestan State University, Bekishieva S.R. , Karibov R.M. ,   R.M. Karibov Dagestan State University
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of interaction between state authorities and civil society institutions of modern Russia in the field of ensuring the environmental rights of citizens. At present, the study of environmental human rights is of particular relevance in connection with the need for modern states to provide scientifically sound correlation of environmental and economic interests of society and the need to create legal guarantees to protect human rights to a favorable natural environment for its life. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the level of interaction between society and the state in ensuring the environmental rights of citizens in modern Russia, the continuous increase in the participation of Russian citizens and their associations in the struggle for their environmental rights, the need for full assistance of public authorities to public organizations in their activities, taking into account the opinions and suggestions from non-profit organizations on specific issues in the field of ensuring a favorable environment, creating conditions and creating a mechanism to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of such functions of civil society as the socializing, mobilization, control and protection functions in the studied area.
FRONT MATTER (Cover, Editorial Board, Foreward of Chairperson, Table of Contents)
Authors: - -
Published: January 2021

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BACK MATTER (Indeks Subjek, Indeks Pengarang, Biografy, Author Guidelines)
Authors: - -
Published: January 2021

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Vertical Garden Sebagai Solusi Degradasi Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Edukasi Santri Wahid Hasyim Yogyakarta
Authors: Indriani Hesti , Rafida Aulia Nisa , Khasanah Miftakhul , Handziko Rio Christy
Published: January 2021

Jumlah penduduk perkotaan yang terus meningkat memberikan dampak tingginya tekanan terhadap pemanfaatan ruangkota, terutama ruang terbuka hijau sebagai ruang terbuka publik yang berpotensi menjadi ruang permukiman. Meningkatnya pembangunan akan mengurangi ruang terbuka hijau yang ada. Pondok Pesantren Wahid Hasyim Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu pondok pesantren yang ada di pusat kota Yogyakarta yang memiliki lembaga pendidikan dari TK, MTs, MA, dan SMA. Pembangunan disanaterus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya siswa yang ada. Oleh karena itu, ruang terbuka hijau menjadi semakin berkurang.Vertical Garden adalah sebuah solusi permasalahan degradasi ruang terbuka hijau di Pondok Pesantren Wahid Hasyim yang menggunakan pendekatan keruangan dengan memaksimalkan lahan kota yang sempit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi penelitian lapangan dan analisis data sekunder.Verical Garden merupakan konsep taman tegak yang menjadikan ruang tanam lebih besar dibanding taman konvensional, sehingga dapat menambah ruang terbuka hijau di Pondok Pesantren Wahid Hasyim Yogyakarta. Kata Kunci :Vertical Garden, Ruang Terbuka Hijau, Lahan Sempit, Yogyakarta.
PKM Pengolahan Air Gambut di Desa Kasamukal dan Desa Rawa Makmur, Kecamatan Bonai Darussalam, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Riau
Authors: Febriani Yeza , Meirina Eti , Brahmana Brahmana , Aprizal Aprizal , Saleh Arif Rahman
Published: January 2021

Air gambut merupakan jenis air yang banyak tersedia di sekitar kawasan hutan lahan rawa gambut. Air ini perlu pengolahan terlebih dahulu sebelum siap untuk dikonsumsi dikarenakan tidak memenuhi persyaratan standar kualitas air bersih layak konsumsi. Beberapa desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Bonai Darussalam  Kabupaten Rokan Hulu masih menemukan kesulitan dalam memperoleh air bersih dikarenakan daerah ini merupakan daerah air gambut. Untuk mengolah air gambut dibutuhkan beberapa tahapan mulai dari netralisasi, aerasi, koogulasi-flokulasi, dan filtrasi. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini telah dibangun sebuah produk berupa sistem penyaringan air gambut menggunakan teknologi sederhana dengan kapasitas penyaringan 500 liter/jam yang terdiri dari beberapa bagian yaitu Tangki Air Baku, Sistem Aerasi, Sistem Pemipaan dan Sistem Penyaring (filter). Media yang digunakan adalah zeolit, pasir silika dan karbon aktif. Seluruh media penyaringan ditempatkan pada 3 buah tabung FRV. Hasil pengujian sampel air hasil penyaringan menunjukkan bahwa teknologi sederhana penyaringan air gambut menjadi air bersih telah bekerja dengan baik dan sesuai dengan PERMENKES No :416/Menkes/PER/IX/1990. Kata kunci: air gambut, teknologi sederhana, penyaringan
Development of a Web-Based Intervention Course to Promote Students’ Well-Being and Studying in Universities: Protocol for an Experimental Study Design
Authors: Asikainen Henna , Katajavuori Nina
Published: January 2021

Background

The decline in the well-being among university students well as increasing dropouts has become a serious issue in universities around the world. Thus, effective ways to support students’ well-being and their ability to study are highly needed.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to build an intervention course for university students, which promotes both students’ well-being as well as their learning and study skills, and to describe the experimental study design that explores the effects of this intervention course.

Methods

Research has shown that psychological flexibility has a great effect on the well-being as well as the study skills of students pursuing higher education. The basis of our intervention course was to promote psychological flexibility and students’ study skills with the help of peer support and reflection.

Results

This course was offered as a voluntary course to all the students at the University of Helsinki twice during the academic year 2020-2021. The first course was from October to December and the second course was from January to March. This course was advertised in fall 2020 through social media and by different student organizations and program leaders at different faculties of the University of Helsinki. As of October 2020, we enrolled 566 students comprising 310 students for the course in fall 2020 and 256 students for the course in spring 2021. Of the 256 students who enrolled in the second course, 170 students voluntarily participated in this study and they answered the questionnaires, including all the measures, simultaneously with the participants in the first group and thus served as the control group. The effect of this course will be measured with multiple data, including questionnaire data, reflective journals, and physiological data of well-being with a longitudinal experimental design. This research very strictly follows the ethical guidelines drawn up by the Finnish National Board on Research Integrity. We expect to publish the results of this study in fall 2021 at the latest.

Conclusions

We argue that a web-based, 8-week intervention course, which promotes both student well-being and their study skills, is a good way to support students pursuing higher education, and both aspects should be considered when supporting university students.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/23613
Novel Analgesic Index for Postoperative Pain Assessment Based on a Photoplethysmographic Spectrogram and Convolutional Neural Network: Observational Study
Authors: Choi Byung-Moon , Yim Ji Yeon , Shin Hangsik , Noh Gyujeong
Published: January 2021

Background

Although commercially available analgesic indices based on biosignal processing have been used to quantify nociception during general anesthesia, their performance is low in conscious patients. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new analgesic index with improved performance to quantify postoperative pain in conscious patients.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a new analgesic index using photoplethysmogram (PPG) spectrograms and a convolutional neural network (CNN) to objectively assess pain in conscious patients.

Methods

PPGs were obtained from a group of surgical patients for 6 minutes both in the absence (preoperatively) and in the presence (postoperatively) of pain. Then, the PPG data of the latter 5 minutes were used for analysis. Based on the PPGs and a CNN, we developed a spectrogram–CNN index for pain assessment. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic curve was measured to evaluate the performance of the 2 indices.

Results

PPGs from 100 patients were used to develop the spectrogram–CNN index. When there was pain, the mean (95% CI) spectrogram–CNN index value increased significantly—baseline: 28.5 (24.2-30.7) versus recovery area: 65.7 (60.5-68.3); P<.01. The AUC and balanced accuracy were 0.76 and 71.4%, respectively. The spectrogram–CNN index cutoff value for detecting pain was 48, with a sensitivity of 68.3% and specificity of 73.8%.

Conclusions

Although there were limitations to the study design, we confirmed that the spectrogram–CNN index can efficiently detect postoperative pain in conscious patients. Further studies are required to assess the spectrogram–CNN index’s feasibility and prevent overfitting to various populations, including patients under general anesthesia.

Trial Registration

Clinical Research Information Service KCT0002080; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=6638
Correlations Between Facial Expressivity and Apathy in Elderly People With Neurocognitive Disorders: Exploratory Study
Authors: Zeghari Radia , König Alexandra , Guerchouche Rachid , Sharma Garima , Joshi Jyoti , Fabre Roxane , Robert Philippe , Manera Valeria
Published: January 2021

Background

Neurocognitive disorders are often accompanied by behavioral symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and/or apathy. These symptoms can occur very early in the disease progression and are often difficult to detect and quantify in nonspecialized clinical settings.

Objective

We focus in this study on apathy, one of the most common and debilitating neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurocognitive disorders. Specifically, we investigated whether facial expressivity extracted through computer vision software correlates with the severity of apathy symptoms in elderly subjects with neurocognitive disorders.

Methods

A total of 63 subjects (38 females and 25 males) with neurocognitive disorder participated in the study. Apathy was assessed using the Apathy Inventory (AI), a scale comprising 3 domains of apathy: loss of interest, loss of initiation, and emotional blunting. The higher the scale score, the more severe the apathy symptoms. Participants were asked to recall a positive and a negative event of their life, while their voice and face were recorded using a tablet device. Action units (AUs), which are basic facial movements, were extracted using OpenFace 2.0. A total of 17 AUs (intensity and presence) for each frame of the video were extracted in both positive and negative storytelling. Average intensity and frequency of AU activation were calculated for each participant in each video. Partial correlations (controlling for the level of depression and cognitive impairment) were performed between these indexes and AI subscales.

Results

Results showed that AU intensity and frequency were negatively correlated with apathy scale scores, in particular with the emotional blunting component. The more severe the apathy symptoms, the less expressivity in specific emotional and nonemotional AUs was displayed from participants while recalling an emotional event. Different AUs showed significant correlations depending on the sex of the participant and the task’s valence (positive vs negative story), suggesting the importance of assessing male and female participants independently.

Conclusions

Our study suggests the interest of employing computer vision-based facial analysis to quantify facial expressivity and assess the severity of apathy symptoms in subjects with neurocognitive disorders. This may represent a useful tool for a preliminary apathy assessment in nonspecialized settings and could be used to complement classical clinical scales. Future studies including larger samples should confirm the clinical relevance of this kind of instrument.
A Multimodal Mobile Sleep Intervention for Young Adults Engaged in Risky Drinking: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fucito Lisa M , Ash Garrett I , DeMartini Kelly S , Pittman Brian , Barnett Nancy P , Li Chiang-Shan R , Redeker Nancy S , O'Malley Stephanie S
Published: January 2021

Background

This paper describes the research protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a multimodal mobile sleep intervention for heavy-drinking young adults. Young adults report the highest rates of heavy, risky alcohol consumption and are a priority population for alcohol prevention and intervention efforts. Alcohol strategies that leverage other health concerns and use technology may offer an innovative solution. Poor sleep is common among young adults and is a risk factor for developing an alcohol use disorder. Moreover, young adults are interested in information to help them sleep better, and behavioral sleep interventions address alcohol use as a standard practice.

Objective

The primary aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a 2-week multimodal mobile sleep intervention for reducing drinks consumed per week among heavy-drinking young adults. We will explore the effects on alcohol-related consequences, assessing quantitative and qualitative sleep characteristics as secondary aims. The study’s goals are to identify the optimal combination of sleep intervention components for improving drinking outcomes, the feasibility and acceptability of these components, and the potential mechanisms by which these components may promote alcohol behavior change.

Methods

Young adults (aged 18-25 years) who report recent heavy drinking will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions: mobile sleep hygiene advice (n=30), mobile sleep hygiene advice and sleep and alcohol diary self-monitoring (n=30), or mobile sleep hygiene advice, sleep and alcohol diary self-monitoring, and sleep and alcohol data feedback (n=60). For the feedback component, participants will complete two web-based sessions with a health coach during which they will receive summaries of their sleep and alcohol data, and the potential association between them along with brief advice tailored to their data. All participants will wear sleep and alcohol biosensors daily for 2 weeks for objective assessments of these outcomes.

Results

The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health in May 2018. Recruitment began in December 2018 and will be concluded in Spring 2021. As of February 4, 2021, we have enrolled 110 participants.

Conclusions

Ultimately, this research could result in an efficacious, low-cost intervention with broad population reach through the use of technology. In addition, this intervention may substantially impact public health by reducing alcohol use disorder risk at a crucial developmental stage.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03658954; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03658954

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/26557
A model for determining optimal frequency and fraction of population to be tested, for cost-effective surveillance testing for SARS-CoV2: algorithm development (Preprint)
Authors: Silver Jonathan
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Because Covid19 can be asymptomatic, surveillance testing with isolation of those who test positive can reduce spread. But what fraction of a population should be tested, how often, and how long should surveillance testing continue as vaccination progresses?

OBJECTIVE

Develop a model that allows determination of extent and frequency of testing that optimize cost-effectiveness, and time after which surveillance testing ceases to be cost-effective.

METHODS

Free software from Illumina (Analytica 101) was used to make a model that runs on personal computers. Graphical interfaces demonstrate how the model reaches its conclusions and allow users with little programming experience to choose values for parameters that vary in different circumstances.

RESULTS

Optimal test frequency and fraction of a population to be tested depend on test cost, test sensitivity, false negative rate, delay (if any) between testing and isolation of those who test positive, and rate of compliance with isolation. Overall cost-effectiveness and optimal duration of testing depend critically on the value placed on saving a life, effective spread rate (R_eff) when surveillance testing is instituted, and fraction of a population already immune due to prior infection or vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

For current spread rates (R_eff ca 1.2-1.5) and percent immune (ca 10%), overall cost-effectiveness generally requires value per life saved to be greater than $100,000. Optimal test frequency and fraction tested range from days to months, and ca .1 to 1, respectively, for different types of tests (antigen, pcr) currently on the market.
Considerations for the Design and Implementation of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Osmanlliu Esli , Rafie Edmond , Bédard Sylvain , Paquette Jesseca , Gore Genevieve , Pomey Marie-Pascale
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Given the magnitude and speed of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, achieving timely and effective manual contact tracing has been a challenging task. Early in the pandemic, contact tracing apps generated substantial enthusiasm due to their potential for automating tracing and reducing transmission rates while enabling targeted confinement strategies. However, although surveys demonstrate public interest in using such apps, their actual uptake remains limited. Their social acceptability is challenged by issues around privacy, fairness, and effectiveness, among other concerns.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the extent to which design and implementation considerations for contact tracing apps are detailed in the available literature, focusing on aspects related to participatory and responsible eHealth innovation, and synthesize recommendations that support the development of successful COVID-19 contact tracing apps and related eHealth technologies.

METHODS

Searches were performed on five databases, and articles were selected based on eligibility criteria. Papers pertaining to the design, implementation, or acceptability of contact tracing apps were included. Articles published since 2019, written in English or French, and for which the full articles were available were considered eligible for analysis. To assess the scope of the knowledge found in the current literature, we used three complementary frameworks: (1) the Holistic Framework to Improve the Uptake and Impact of eHealth Technologies, (2) the Montreal model, and (3) the Responsible Innovation in Health Assessment Tool.

RESULTS

A total of 63 articles qualified for the final analysis. Less than half of the selected articles cited the need for a participatory process (n=25, 40%), which nonetheless was the most frequently referenced item of the Framework to Improve the Uptake and Impact of eHealth Technologies. Regarding the Montreal model, stakeholder consultation was the most frequently described level of engagement in the development of contact tracing apps (n=24, 38%), while collaboration and partnership were cited the least (n=2, 3%). As for the Responsible Innovation in Health framework, all the articles (n=63, 100%) addressed population health, whereas only 2% (n=1) covered environmental considerations.

CONCLUSIONS

Most studies lacked fundamental aspects of eHealth development and implementation. Our results demonstrate that stakeholders of COVID-19 contact tracing apps lack important information to be able to critically appraise this eHealth innovation. This may have contributed to the modest uptake of contact tracing apps worldwide. We make evidence-informed recommendations regarding data management, communication, stakeholder engagement, user experience, and implementation strategies for the successful and responsible development of contact tracing apps.
Computer Mouse Movements as an Indicator of Work Stress: Longitudinal Observational Field Study (Preprint)
Authors: Banholzer Nicolas , Feuerriegel Stefan , Fleisch Elgar , Bauer Georg Friedrich , Kowatsch Tobias
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Work stress affects individual health and well-being. These negative effects could be mitigated through regular monitoring of employees’ stress. Such monitoring becomes even more important as the digital transformation of the economy implies profound changes in working conditions.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to investigate the association between computer mouse movements and work stress in the field.

METHODS

We hypothesized that stress is associated with a speed-accuracy trade-off in computer mouse movements. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a longitudinal field study at a large business organization, where computer mouse movements from regular work activities were monitored over 7 weeks; the study included 70 subjects and 1829 observations. A Bayesian regression model was used to estimate whether self-reported acute work stress was associated with a speed-accuracy trade-off in computer mouse movements.

RESULTS

There was a negative association between stress and the two-way interaction term of mouse speed and accuracy (mean −0.32, 95% highest posterior density interval −0.58 to −0.08), which means that stress was associated with a speed-accuracy trade-off. The estimated association was not sensitive to different processing of the data and remained negative after controlling for the demographics, health, and personality traits of subjects.

CONCLUSIONS

Self-reported acute stress is associated with computer mouse movements, specifically in the form of a speed-accuracy trade-off. This finding suggests that the regular analysis of computer mouse movements could indicate work stress.
Radiation Oncologists’ Perceptions of Adopting an Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Contouring Technology: Model Development and Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhai Huiwen , Yang Xin , Xue Jiaolong , Lavender Christopher , Ye Tiantian , Li Ji-Bin , Xu Lanyang , Lin Li , Cao Weiwei , Sun Ying
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

An artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted contouring system benefits radiation oncologists by saving time and improving treatment accuracy. Yet, there is much hope and fear surrounding such technologies, and this fear can manifest as resistance from health care professionals, which can lead to the failure of AI projects.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop and test a model for investigating the factors that drive radiation oncologists’ acceptance of AI contouring technology in a Chinese context.

METHODS

A model of AI-assisted contouring technology acceptance was developed based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model by adding the variables of perceived risk and resistance that were proposed in this study. The model included 8 constructs with 29 questionnaire items. A total of 307 respondents completed the questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was conducted to evaluate the model’s path effects, significance, and fitness.

RESULTS

The overall fitness indices for the model were evaluated and showed that the model was a good fit to the data. Behavioral intention was significantly affected by performance expectancy (β=.155; P=.01), social influence (β=.365; P<.001), and facilitating conditions (β=.459; P<.001). Effort expectancy (β=.055; P=.45), perceived risk (β=−.048; P=.35), and resistance bias (β=−.020; P=.63) did not significantly affect behavioral intention.

CONCLUSIONS

The physicians’ overall perceptions of an AI-assisted technology for radiation contouring were high. Technology resistance among Chinese radiation oncologists was low and not related to behavioral intention. Not all of the factors in the Venkatesh UTAUT model applied to AI technology adoption among physicians in a Chinese context.
Proof-of-Concept Support for the Development and Implementation of a Digital Assessment for Perinatal Mental Health: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Martin-Key Nayra Anna , Spadaro Benedetta , Schei Thea Sofie , Bahn Sabine
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Perinatal mental health symptoms commonly remain underdiagnosed and undertreated in maternity care settings in the United Kingdom, with outbreaks of disease, like the COVID-19 pandemic, further disrupting access to adequate mental health support. Digital technologies may offer an innovative way to support the mental health needs of women and their families throughout the perinatal period, as well as assist midwives in the recognition of perinatal mental health concerns. However, little is known about the acceptability and perceived benefits and barriers to using such technologies.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to conduct a mixed methods evaluation of the current state of perinatal mental health care provision in the United Kingdom, as well as users’ (women and partners) and midwives’ interest in using a digital mental health assessment throughout the perinatal period.

METHODS

Women, partners, and midwives were recruited to participate in the study, which entailed completing an online survey. Quantitative data were explored using descriptive statistics. Open-ended response data were first investigated using thematic analysis. Resultant themes were then mapped onto the components of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behavior model and summarized using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

A total of 829 women, 103 partners, and 90 midwives participated in the study. The provision of adequate perinatal mental health care support was limited, with experiences varying significantly across respondents. There was a strong interest in using a digital mental health assessment to screen, diagnose, and triage perinatal mental health concerns, particularly among women and midwives. The majority of respondents (n=781, 76.42%) expressed that they would feel comfortable or very comfortable using or recommending a digital mental health assessment. The majority of women and partners showed a preference for in-person consultations (n=417, 44.74%), followed by a blended care approach (ie, both in-person and online consultations) (n=362, 38.84%), with fewer participants preferring online-only consultations (n=120, 12.88%). Identified benefits and barriers mainly related to physical opportunity (eg, accessibility), psychological capability (eg, cognitive skills), and automatic motivation (eg, emotions).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides proof-of-concept support for the development and implementation of a digital mental health assessment to inform clinical decision making in the assessment of perinatal mental health concerns in the United Kingdom.
Health Workers Readiness for Implementation of a Mobile Pregnancy Monitoring System in Primary Health Care: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Afrizal Sandra Hakiem , Hidayanto Achmad Nizar , Handayani Putu Wuri , Besral Besral , Suhendra Adang , Budiharsana Meiwita Paulina , Eryando Tris , Hakiem Nashrul
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

It is necessary to assess readiness amongst health workers as an approach to successful IT implementation. However, little attention has been paid to assess demographic and associate factors related to such readiness.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to describe factors related to the readiness of health workers with respect to implementation of a mobile Pregnancy Monitoring System in Primary Health Care (PHC) sites of the South Tangerang District in Banten Province, Indonesia using a socio-technical approach.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey design was used among respondents who were involved during the antenatal care process. The participants (n=210) completed the questionnaire that measured information needs regarding the socio-technical aspect of readiness and factors affecting the readiness. The data was analysed using logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

The findings of this study showed that the majority of the health workers who were involved in the antenatal care process were ready to implement the mobile pregnancy monitoring system. Having social media and willingness to be involved in IT implementation are associated with IT readiness, while there is no significant association between demographic factors to the readiness of the health workers.

CONCLUSIONS

Since there is no connectivity between the demographic factors to readiness, thus the supportive factors such as having a social media and willingness are easier to resolve than inferring from the demographic factors

CLINICALTRIAL

783/UN2.F10/PPM.00.02/2018
Usability Testing of a Digital Assessment Routing Tool: Protocol for an Iterative Convergent Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lowe Cabella , Hanuman Sing Harry , Browne Mitchell , Alwashmi Meshari F , Marsh William , Morrissey Dylan
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Musculoskeletal conditions account for 16% of global disability, resulting in a negative effect on millions of patients and an increasing burden on health care utilization. Digital technologies that improve health care outcomes and efficiency are considered a priority; however, innovations are often inadequately developed and poorly adopted. Further, they are rarely tested with sufficient rigor in clinical trials—the gold standard for clinical proof of efficacy. We have developed a new musculoskeletal Digital Assessment Routing Tool (DART) that allows users to self-assess and be directed to the right care. DART requires usability testing in preparation for clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE

This study will use the iterative convergent mixed methods design to assess and mitigate all serious usability issues to optimize user experience and adoption. Using this methodology, we will provide justifiable confidence to progress to full-scale randomized controlled trials when DART is integrated into clinical management pathways. This study protocol will provide a blueprint for future usability studies of mobile health solutions.

METHODS

We will collect qualitative and quantitative data from 20-30 participants aged 18 years and older for 4 months. The exact number of participants recruited will be dependent on the number of iterative cycles required to reach the study end points. Building on previous internal testing and stakeholder involvement, quantitative data collection is defined by the constructs within the ISO 9241-210-2019 standard and the system usability scale, providing a usability score for DART. Guided by the participant responses to quantitative questioning, the researcher will focus the qualitative data collection on specific usability problems. These will then be graded to provide the rationale for further DART system improvements throughout the iterative cycles.

RESULTS

This study received approval from the Queen Mary University of London Ethics of Research Committee (QMREC2018/48/048) on June 4, 2020. At manuscript submission, study recruitment was on-going, with data collection to be completed and results published in 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will provide evidence concerning mobile health DART system usability and acceptance determining system improvements required to support user adoption and minimize suboptimal system usability as a potential confounder within subsequent noninferiority clinical trials. Success should produce a safe effective system with excellent usability, facilitating quicker and easier patient access to appropriate care while reducing the burden on primary and secondary care musculoskeletal services. This deliberately rigorous approach to mobile health innovation could be used as a guide for other developers of similar apps.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/27205
Ут Сала — курганная группа-гигант Ергенинской возвышенности
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Ochir-Goryaeva Maria A. , Kekeev Erdni A. ,   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Burataev Evgeny G. ,   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS
Published: January 2021

Under the scope of the scheduled activities of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS there are complex works including archaeological excavation works of the new archaeological sites – Bashanta I and Bashanta II settlements of the Khazar Khaganate era, and also the exploration of the monuments that are often out of the focus of research. This refers to the sites that have once been excavated and left without further special investigation and publications. Alongside with the urgent need for the introduction of the sites excavated in the last century and their further additional comprehensive research using the modern methods and publications, there is no less urgent problem of the exploration of the archaeological sites that have not been excavated, explored and recorded in the state register. The recording, describing, documenting and including these sites to the list of protected objects of cultural heritage is the guarantee of their preservation. The authors of the article have been conducting systematic research in this field. The given article deals with the results of the study of the mound group Ut Sala that includes 171 mounds.
Элементы волшебной сказки в цикле рассказов о Мастере-Аргачи
Authors:   Institute of Oriental manuscripts RAS, Nosov Dmitrii A. , Siqinbatu Siqinbatu ,   Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Published: January 2021

The article discusses folk stories about Master-Aragchi that exist among Mongolian speaking population of the Xinjang Uyghur Autonomous region of the People’s Republic of China as well as among torguts in Mongolia. It gives the brief grounding for the determination of the whole series. The study gives a detailed analysis of the four fairy tales published in Urumchi and Ulan Bator in 1990 and 2002 — «Aǰirɣ-a-yin sü-ber ariki neregsen ni» ‘On how he made vodka from stallion’s milk’, «Эргүү ванг ичээсэн нь» ‘On how he made a clueless van ashamed’, «Daɣardaq ügei debel» ‘Non-freezing deli’и «Arγači amban noyan-i šükügsen ni» ‘On how Aragchi won an ambar-noyon’s bet’. The article determines the elements common to fairy tells on the level of the narrative structure and among the literary images.
Устные предания о происхождении эпоса «Джангар» сказителя Дж. Джуны
Authors:   Northwest University for Nationalities
Published: January 2021

“Khobuksar – the land of ‘Jangar’”. This set phrase that came to stay on the pages of newspapers, journals and TV programs became one of the reasons why among Oirats of Xinjiang there was an idea that Khobuksar is the place where the epic texts of “Jangar” originated. That being said, among the population of Khobuksar - an autonomous province of Mongolia there are a lot of legends and stories that state that the national epos originated on their land. Another reason for this statement is that Khobuksar is the birthplace of a famous Oirat storyteller Javyn Juna. To a great extend a secret about the origin of the text of the epic repertoire of the storyteller contributed to that. It is a well-known fact that J.Juna wrote the texts himself. There is a legend that the storyteller from time to time would go up into the mountains where in a desolate cave he kept ancient manuscripts of the texts of “Jangar” and after coming back he would perform new songs. In the given article the author gives context analysis of the most popular legends about the origin of “Jangar”.
Об особенностях поэтического перевода на английский язык (на материале стихотворения Риммы Ханиновой «Им снилась степь в раздолье ковыля…»)
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Sarangaeva Zhanna N.
Published: January 2021

The article focuses on lingvo-culturological and lingvo-translational analysis of the poem by the modern Kalmyk poet Rimma Khaninova «They dreamed of feather grass beneath their feet…» translated into English by Carlton Copeland (USA). This poem is included in the collection the poet’s works “A Notebook of Siberian Memories” (1991) and is devoted to the deportation and the thirteen-year exile of Kalmyk people during Stalin’s repressions (1943 – 1956). The lingvo-cultural description of the work shows that its central theme is motherland and memories of the past. The artistic image of the poem is conveyed by the various symbols of the natural and subjective world. The study of the cultural and ethical phenomena in terms of translation studies is still one of the relevant methods in the theoretical and practical aspects. The study showed that C. Copeland uses various translation techniques that allow us to reveal the content of the original.