bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THz spectroscopic sensing of liquid chemicals using a photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Rahman Anika , Khaleque Abdul , Ali Md. Yeakub , Rahman Md. Tarek
Published: October 2020

A photonic crystal fiber based highly sensitive sensing mechanism is proposed, in the terahertz frequency band, able to detect a wide range of analytes, such as toxic or non-toxic chemicals and illicit drugs. The proper optimization of the PCF structure increases the light-matter interaction in the core, which results in a high relative sensitivity of about 94.0% with negligible confinement loss at the optimum frequency. Few liquids, chemicals, and drugs are considered to justify the sensing mechanism: a relative sensitivity of 99.60% can be achieved for the maximum porosity of core while ketamine was the analyte. Other fiber properties are also analyzed to check the feasibility of the proposed fiber with standard fiber and have obtained good performance. Therefore, the sensor may find applications to sense a wide range of analytes, non-toxic and toxic chemicals, as well as illicit drugs for example, in the THz region.
Mode resolved bending loss measurement of few-mode fiber utilizing digital modal decomposition
Authors: Singh Karamdeep , Suchita  , Venkitesh Deepa
Published: October 2020

We report a mode resolved bending loss (MRBL) measurement methodology based on digital modal decomposition technique. MRBL of transverse modes supported is evaluated, while simultaneously launching all of them at the input of two-mode FMF.
All-Optical Multi-Logic Gate Based on Four-Wave-Mixing in a Highly Nonlinear Fiber for Frequency-Shift-Keying Signal Inputs
Authors: Usui J. , Hosoya G. , Yashima H.
Published: October 2020

We propose an all-optical multi-logic gate for frequency-shift-keying signal. We realize the AND, OR, XOR, NAND, and NOR operations at 30 Gbps. Their extinction ratios are 11.72, 28.15, 28.10, 25.83, and 11.73 dB, respectively.
Control of programmable photonic integrated meshes for free-space optics applications
Authors: Milanizadeh M. , Jonuzi T. , Borga P. , Toso F. , Ferrari G. , Sampietro M. , Miller D.A.B. , Melloni A. , Morichetti F.
Published: October 2020

We report on the automated control of self-configuring programmable photonics meshes employed for the manipulation of free-space optical beams. Applications include optical beam coupling and identification, phase front correction and transmission through scattering media.
A Lightpath Provisioning Method Integrating Resource for Primary and Backup Paths in Content Delivery Network over Elastic Optical Networks
Authors: Fujimoto Akihiro , Hirota Yusuke , Tode Hideki
Published: October 2020

We propose a lightpath provisioning method in coordination with content placement and deflection routing strategies to realize advanced video streaming services over elastic optical networks and demonstrate 83% improvement of blocking probability.
A Design Space Exploration of the Flexspander Topology
Authors: Teh Min Yee , Van Vaerenbergh Thomas , London Yanir , Fiorentino Marco , Ramini Luca , Bergman Keren
Published: October 2020

We present the design space exploration of the Flexspander topology, which is a novel class of reconfigurable network topology. Our results show that the broad design space of Flexspander opens up more network-design choices for system operators.
Intermodal Four Wave Mixing in Silicon-Rich Silicon Nitride Waveguides
Authors: Petropoulos P. , Lacava C. , Bucio T.D. , Khokhar A.Z. , Horak P. , Jung Y. , Gardes F.Y. , Richardson D.J. , Parmigiani F.
Published: October 2020

This paper presents recent results on the use of silicon-rich silicon nitride waveguides for intermodal four wave mixing. Through appropriate design of the mode propagation characteristics, broadband wavelength conversion of signals is achieved.
Millisecond-Fast Switchable Photonic Metasurfaces Based on Liquid Crystal
Authors: Kasyanova Irina , Gorkunov Maxim , Artemov Vladimir , Mamonova Alena , Simdyankin Ivan , Ezhov Alexander , Palto Serguei
Published: October 2020

Micro-scale patterning of alignment layers with focused ion beam produces liquid-crystal-metasurfaces with strong diffraction. We study the electro-optical switching from diffraction to transmission mode and show that it occurs within milliseconds.
Toward a More Energy Efficient Data Center – Photonics Role
Authors: Baca Richard
Published: October 2020

This presentation will look at co-packaged optics to reduce power consumption in the data center while considering some of the challenges ahead. We will also discuss other opportunities for energy savings and how photonics can enable it.
Highly scattering porous films by polymerization-induced phase separation and application on light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yu Shudong , Chen Junchi , Wu Kejian , Tang Yong , Li Zongtao
Published: October 2020

We adopt polymerization-induced phase separation to fabricate highly scattering porous films, which serve as a diffusing reflective layer for enhancing the optical efficiency of light emitting diode lamp.
Comparative Analysis between Spectrally Tunable RGBW LED and Tunable White LED System for Implementation of Retrofit Circadian Lighting in Developing Nations
Authors: Nag Rohan
Published: October 2020

Comprehensive study of technical requirements necessary to establish and maintain circadian lighting in RGBW and tunable white LED system. Justification of selected model based on cost vs benefit analysis, for implementation in mass retrofit applications.
Coupling Structures on the Front of the Cell: Which Refrac-tive Index is Needed for Good Light Trapping?
Authors: Stevens Laura , Höhn Oliver , Hanser Mario , Müller Claas , Bläsi Benedikt
Published: October 2020

Within this work we investigate the influence of the refractive index of front side struc-tures on top of a planar silicon solar cell on the light trapping performance.
Improved OLED Outcoupling Using Alternative Emitters with Preferred Horizontal Orientation
Authors: Murawski Caroline , Keum Changmin , Becker David , Graf Arko , Archer Emily , Zaumseil Jana , Kitzerow Heinz , Gather Malte C.
Published: October 2020

Orientation of transition dipoles can strongly improve the outcoupling efficiency of or-ganic LEDs (OLEDs). We present two new classes of OLED emitters that may achieve horizontal alignment: columnar liquid crystals and carbon nanotubes.
Progress on Perovskite Solar Cells with All-Inkjet-Printed Absorber and Extraction Layers
Authors: Eggers Helge , Schackmar Fabian , Abzieher Tobias , Sun Qing , Vaynzof Yana , Lemmer Uli , Richards Bryce S. , Hernandez-Sosa Gerardo , Paetzold Ulrich W.
Published: October 2020

Here we report on the progress on perovskite solar cells with inkjet-printed perovskite layer and additionally inkjet-printed extraction layers leading to high power conversion efficiencies of >20% respectively >17% and enabling freedom in choice of printing patterns.
Conical Fiber Probe for Mechanical Stabilization of Microbubbles in Liquids
Authors: Muñoz-Pérez J. E. , Cruz J. L. , Andrés M.V. , Ortega-Mendoza J. G.
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate that a cone pierced in a fiber tip can stabilize microbubles photothermally generated in liquids. Bubbles can stand and monitor pressure shocks over 3.3 bar with a sensitivity below 7 mbar.
Annular core photonic crystal fiber for transmission of endlessly mono-radial vortex beams
Authors: Sharma Manish , Amirkhan Fatemeh , Mishra Satyendra K. , Sengupta Dipankar , Messaddeq Younès , Blanchard François , Ung Bora
Published: October 2020

Theoretical demonstration and experimental characterization of an endlessly mono-radial annular core photonic crystal fiber is performed for stable transmission of single-radial order cylindrical vector beam and OAM beams, while maintaining good mode purity.
Silicon-core optical fiber with losses below 0.2dB/cm
Authors: Kudinova M. , Bouwmans G. , El Hamzaoui H. , Habert R. , Plus S. , Chazallon B. , Bernard R. , Baudelle K. , Cassez A. , Vanvincq O. , Marinova M. , Nuns N. , Troles J. , Bigot L.
Published: October 2020

Silicon-core fibers were drawn into hundreds of meter-long spans. The regular crystalline structure of the core and the absence of oxygen contamination are demonstrated together with loss below 0.2 dB/cm from 1250 to 1650 nm.
Bismuth-Doped Phosphosilicate Fibers: Sintering Temperature and Drawing Conditions Effects
Authors: Khegai Aleksandr , Afanasiev Fedor , Riumkin Konstantin , Ososkov Yan , Firstov Sergei , Alyshev Sergey , Melkumov Mikhail
Published: October 2020

We studied an effect of fiber production technological parameters on optical properties of Bi-doped phosphosilicate fibers. A significant impact of Bi doping, sintering temperature and drawing speed on produced fiber characteristics was demonstrated.
Widely-tunable Bismuth-doped fiber laser for the 1305-1375nm wavelength range
Authors: Wang Siyi , Thipparapu Naresh K. , Wang Yu , Richardson David J. , Sahu Jayanta K.
Published: October 2020

We present a tunable CW Bi-doped fiber laser from 1305-1375nm by utilizing a fiber-pigtailed– tunable-filter in a ring cavity. A maximum output power of 150mW at 1330±5nm with a slope efficiency of 35% is demonstrated.
Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Optical Fiber Components Applied to Lasers and Sensors
Authors: Kalli Kyriacos
Published: October 2020

Femtosecond lasers are used to flexibly modify optical fibers, realizing waveguides and grating components in different fiber types, using the same key fs-laser inscription parameters via a plane-by-plane method, demonstrating fiber lasers and sensors.
Fiber with off-center core for SBS suppression
Authors: Khudyakov M.M. , Alekseev V.V. , Lipatov D.S. , Gur'yanov A.N. , Temyanko V. , Bubnov M.M. , Likhachev M.E.
Published: October 2020

A novel approach to SBS suppression by creating strain along the fiber length altering compression and stretching in the core region using off-center-core fiber wounded on a spool with a small diameter was demonstrated.
Integrated signal and pump combiner in chirally-coupled-core fibers for all-fiber lasers and amplifiers
Authors: Hochheim Sven , Brockmüller Eike , Wessels Peter , Koponen Joona , Lowder Tyson , Novotny Steffen , Neumann Jörg , Kracht Dietmar
Published: October 2020

We developed high-power all-fiber combiners integrated in chirally-coupled-core fibers f or a s ide-pumped a mplifier. Fo r th e fir st-time, the se com ponents ena ble all-fiber systems with 3C®-fibers and can be implemented in almost any fiber laser or amplifier architecture.
Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fibers for efficient gas molecules detection in the Near- and Mid-Infrared spectral bands
Authors: Jaworski Piotr , Krzempek Karol , Yu Fei , Kozioł Paweł , Dudzik Grzegorz , Wu Dakun , Bojęś Piotr , Sazio Pier J. , Belardi Walter , Liao Meisong , Abramski Krzysztof
Published: October 2020

We report on self-fabricated Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fibers for efficient transmission in the Near- and Mid-IR and demonstrate their application in detection of nitric oxide and greenhouse gases using Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy.
Anti-Resonant, Mid-Infrared Silica Hollow-Core Fiber
Authors: Davidson Ian A. , Rikimi Shuichiro , Sakr Hesham , Jasion Gregory T. , Bradley Thomas D. , Wheeler Natalie V. , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J.
Published: October 2020

In this paper we report the fabrication and characterization of a silica anti-resonant hollow-core fiber which shows guidance to 5.9µm and record low loss between 4.3 and 5.2µm despite a low glass jacket thickness.
Performance Analysis of All-Optical Clock Recovery for QPSK and 16QAM Signals
Authors: Srivastava Manas , Venkatasubramani Lakshmi Narayanan , Srinivasan Balaji , Venkitesh Deepa
Published: October 2020

We investigate and analyze the performance of the fiber laser based all-optical clock recovery scheme for 20/40 Gbps NRZ-QPSK/16QAM signals in presence of disper-sion and at high noise regimes as in practical links.
High-speed (800 ps) and ultra-long-period (0.8 sec) characterization of laser phase noise by heterodyne detection with FPGA-implemented data acquisition
Authors: Kiwata Hayato , Kikuta Masahiro , Sigihara Masahiro , Igarashi Koji
Published: October 2020

We show ultra-long-period high-speed characterization of laser phase noise. With coherent reception followed by FPGA-implemented data acquisition, broadband (over 100MHz) FM noise spectrum and ultra-long-term (0.8sec) field spectrogram are measured.
224 Gb/s Transmission over 10 km of SMF at 1550 nm Enabled by a SiN Optical Dispersion Compensator and Stokes Vector Direct Detect Receiver
Authors: Alam Md Samiul , Morsy-Osman Mohamed , Shahriar Kh Arif , El-Fiky Eslam , Lessard Stephane , De Angelis Gabriele , Sorianello Vito , Fresi Francesco , Cavaliere Fabio , Potì Luca , Midrio Michele , Romagnoli Marco , Vall-Llosera Gemma , Plant David V.
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate 224 Gb/s net rate dual-polarization PAM4 signal transmission over 10 km of SMF in the C-band below the HD-FEC threshold of 3.8×10-3, using Stokes vector receiver and an integrated ring resonator based optical dispersion compensator.
Joint Twin-Field-QKD-McEliece Cryptosystem
Authors: Djordjevic Ivan B.
Published: October 2020

To overcome rate-distance-limit of QKD protocols, we propose a joint TF-QKD-McEliece scheme in which TF-QKD is used for raw-key transmission while McEliece-cryptosystem to transmit parity bits for information reconciliation. Proposed scheme is able to achieve record distance of 1127 km, thus significantly outperforming TF-QKD schemes.
Quantum networks with error correction
Authors: Piparo Nicolo Lo , Hanks Michael , Munro William J. , Nemoto Kae
Published: October 2020

Quantum networks composed of quantum interfaces and communication channels can be flexible in their architecture and host various quantum information tasks. We show our recent results on quantum networks with error correction.
Secret Key Distillation over Satellite-to-satellite Free-space Channel with Eavesdropper Dynamic Positioning
Authors: Pan Ziwen , Gariano John , Djordjevic Ivan B.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the satellite-to-satellite secret-key-rate lower bounds are deter-mined for a realistic scenario where the eavesdropper has a limited size aperture. We also investigate eavesdropper’s optimal eavesdropping position with respect to Bob.
Informationstransparenz als Chance am Beispiel von Kundenrezensionen in der Automobilindustrie
Authors: Schlimbach Ricarda , Schnell Lukas , Asghari Reza
Published: October 2020

Die Informationstransparenz ist zum Spiegelbild der Offenheit von Unternehmen geworden. Ein Beispiel dafür ist die Erfassung und Veröffentlichung von Kundenrezensionen im Internet. Ihre Bedeutung nimmt vor dem Hintergrund der Verlagerung von Kaufentscheidungsprozessen vom stationären Handel ins Internet auch in analog geprägten Branchen wie der Automobilindustrie zu. In der gesamten Prozesskette von der Datenerhebung, über das Text Mining bis hin zur Publikation ergeben sich durch den Aspekt der Offenheit zahlreiche Potentiale, aber auch Risiken. Diese werden zunächst literaturbasiert herausgearbeitet.

Mit Hilfe einer Fallstudie eines international angelegten Projekts für die Feldarbeit und die Verarbeitung von Kundenrezensionen im Automobilsektor, werden Praxiserfahrungen aus Sicht beteiligter Fachexperten zusammengefasst. Im Zuge dessen werden Potentiale, Hürden und Handlungsempfehlungen im Umgang mit Kundenrezensionen hinsichtlich des Aspekts der Offenheit herausgearbeitet. Im Ausblick wird abschließend die wachsende Relevanz der Informationstransparenz diskutiert.
Práticas de mentoria e imagens projetadas dos processos realizados: um estudo de dois casos
Authors: Souza Ana Paula Gestoso de , Reali Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória que se volta para a atuação de duas mentoras iniciantes – professoras experientes – enfocando as práticas de mentoria, as imagens projetadas dos processos realizados e as relações que podem ser estabelecidas entre esses dois aspectos. Compreende-se que essas práticas são processos de ações intencionais – derivadas de processos contínuos de interpretação e de tomada de decisão – voltadas para a aprendizagem profissional da docência e dirigidas às demandas dos professores iniciantes acompanhados. Foram analisadas as produções das mentoras ao longo de 19 meses e as interações estabelecidas com as professoras iniciantes que acompanharam. Observa-se que cada mentora está construindo um estilo próprio de ser mentora e nesse processo elas vão interpretando a si mesmas inseridas em determinado contexto e desenvolvendo uma resposta própria às situações enfrentadas. Seus comportamentos e práticas de mentoria revelam o quanto se apoiam na própria prática docente e ao mesmo tempo demonstram que tomam decisões, agem e se reconhecem como mentoras. Evidencia-se que elas estão construindo quadros de referência para a mentoria. A construção de um modo próprio de se ver como mentora e de atuar como tal revela padrões de mentoria, as características das presenças social, docente e cognitiva e as especificidades de cada interação e, de certo modo, as aprendizagens das professoras experientes nesse processo.
Professores iniciantes em escolas de periferia: desafios da “sobrevivência” na sala de aula
Authors: Silva Fátima Maria Rodrigues Chagas da , Moreira Laélia Portela
Published: October 2020

O início da docência é uma fase de máxima importância para a constituição da identidade do professor e se apresenta, no geral, pleno de desafios. O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que analisou as principais dificuldades dos anos iniciais da docência, sob a ótica de professores iniciantes da Rede de Ensino do Município de Duque de Caxias, RJ, complementada com depoimentos da equipe pedagógica. Conceitos como “Choque de Realidade” e “Desenvolvimento Profissional” deram suporte teórico à pesquisa. A metodologia incluiu análise de documentos, questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados possibilitaram, além da identificação de desafios gerais relacionados à aprendizagem dos alunos, outros como, trabalho com turmas de alfabetização, com estudantes incluídos, dificuldades de lidar com a diversidade presente em sala de aula e ainda com as condições estruturais da Rede. A pesquisa favoreceu também o levantamento de aspectos importantes a serem considerados para a formação em serviço, bem como reforçou a necessidade de políticas de acolhimento a esses professores.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Conventional Versus Herbal Products on Streptococcus mutans in Adult Population- a Systematic Review & Meta-analysis
Authors: Teja Kavalipurapu Venkata , Kaligotla Apoorva Vasundhara , Gummuluri Sriram
Published: October 2020

Background:  Dental caries is challenging infectious disease, which is wide spread and difficult to control. Although it’s multifactorial, microorganisms especially cariogenic Streptococcus mutans plays a wide role in initiation and progression of dental caries. Objective: The present review mainly aimed to evaluate and assess the antibacterial efficacy of herbal versus conventional products on Streptococcus mutans. Data Sources: A search was execute in electronic database (i.e., PUBMEDCENTRAL, COCHRANE, LILAC, SCIENCEDIRECT, GOOGLE SEARCH) using following search terms alone and in combination by means of PUBMED search builder from January 1990 up to July 2019. Study Eligibility Criteria: Studies were stipulate if they met the following criteria: In vivo studies comparing herbal and conventional products on anticariogenic or antibacterial activity on Streptococcus mutans were selected. Participants and Intervention: Adult patients aged from 18-65 years with dental caries undergoing intervention of herbal products. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Material and Methods: Out of 225 studies collected from databases, only 6 studies were included and other 6 were collected by hand search. Finally 12 included studies were analyzed out of which 5 studies were considered for meta-analysis. Results: The results unveil that natural products exerted virtually homogeneous antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans when compared with the counterpart. Limitations: Review was assessing on patients with dental caries and studies previously assessed did not mention about the caries risk. Prevalence varies based on caries risk assessments. Study was concentrating only on single species Streptococcus mutans. But ideally caries is multifactorial. Conclusion: Although natural products were effective, the present systematic review does not furnish concrete evidence to a show increased antibacterial efficacy of natural products as compared to conventional products.
Keywords
Antibiotics, Chlorhexidine, Dental Caries, Herbal, Streptococcus mutans.
Colon Cancer Metastatic to the Pancreas Presenting as of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Bush Allison , Humes Ross , Young Patrick
Published: October 2020

Most of the malignant pancreatic lesions are primary pancreatic tumors with only a small percentage due to metastases. Pancreatic malignancies often present with symptoms such as jaundice and weight loss. Less commonly, new-onset diabetes mellitus has been seen in the setting of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Although colon cancer commonly presents with metastatic disease, it typically spreads to the liver, lung, and peritoneum. We present a rare case of colon cancer metastatic to the pancreas presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis.
Comparative analysis of methods applied in vegetation cover delimitation using Landsat 8 images
Authors: Dutra Débora Joana , Elmiro Marcos Antônio Timbó , Garcia Ricardo Alexandrino
Published: October 2020

There is a wide availability of methods and techniques for classification of data from remote sensing images. However, one of the biggest challenges is to identify whether the applied method is really effective for the thematic mapping the terrain features. Thus, the aim of this work was to provide a comparative analysis involving data classification methods for mapping forest cover using orbital images from the Landsat 8 satellite. The applied method consisted of pre-processing the images, calculating the NDVI image, performing the infrared image composition and principal component analysis (PCA). The maximum likelihood classification method (MAXVER) was used to delimit the vegetation cover applied to the three types of databases. To validate the classification results, field data, Kappa analysis and pixel-by-pixel analysis were applied. The results pointed out that the NDVI method showed the least general similarity regarding to the reference data used for validation from the MAPBIOMAS project. It was possible to identify similar results in relation to the delimitation of forest cover. The results allowed identifying that the several methodologies available for classification of vegetation are of great value for the thematic mapping of forest resources. In addition, we conclude that the PCA showed the best capacity for delimiting the vegetation cover in the study region, closely followed by infrared composition, and the NDVI was the least accurate.
Portraits of Undergraduate Discipline-Specific Thinking: Guiding Students from Novice to Proficient Learner
Authors: Stovey Patricia , Trimmer Tiffany
Published: October 2020

This case study presents our experiences, insights, and the pedagogical techniques used to guide undergraduate students toward discipline-specific thinking. It demonstrates the role of student-centered practices in moving students from what we categorize as novice to proficient, a common goal in rite-of-passage courses across the disciplines. Our study follows two semesters of students in undergraduate college-level Historiography and Historical Methods courses to identify common stumbling blocks encountered when learning contextualization (our discipline-specific thinking skill). We analyze students’ habits of mind, cognitive behaviors, and assumptions when learning to think differently. We present a qualitative portrait demonstrating the range of student cognitive behaviors as they attempt to move towards proficiency. As experts immersed in our fields of study and its practices, we can sometimes forget that what comes second-nature to us is far from natural to our students—regardless of their enthusiasm. We may overestimate the background knowledge that our students have, and underestimate the brain bandwidth required when trying—for the first time—to think differently.
Exploring Variation in Student Academic Performance: Can Achievement in an Immersive Case Study Project Predict Exam Score in an Introductory Accounting Course?
Authors: Lyman Penelope M. , Olvido Alexander E.
Published: October 2020

In modern university education, quantitative analytical skills seem best acquired through deep learning of complex, multi-faceted problems. Our quasi-experimental design tested whether student achievement in an immersive classroom case study might affect subsequent academic performance, presumably reflecting deeper learning of fundamental principles in an accounting course. We analyzed exam scores of three behavior-based student groups: (a) “OOP,” who Opted Out of the immersive case study Project, (b) “BMP,” who earned Below Median marks on the Project, and (c) “AMP,” who scored At least the Median on the Project. Results indicate that student academic performance declined at effectively equal rates among the three student groups in any given semester. Surprisingly, students’ self-reported deep strategy more strongly predicted their academic performance, accounting for more than 30% of exam score variation; group membership explained only 1.93% of exam score variation. These results underscore the need to document student learning approaches explicitly in order to complement observations of student classroom behaviors and academic performance.
EFFECT OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT ON FINANCIAL INNOVATION IN NIGERIA
Authors: Oluganna Eunice , Lawal Tajudeen , Abdulazeez Daniya Adeiza
Published: October 2020

Financial sector is crucial for the development of a well-functioning market as it facilitate capitalinflows, mobilize savings for productive investment and facilitates the conduct and growth of aneconomy in the world. Despite the importance of financial sector development in Nigeria, financialinstitution operating in financial market were confronted with drastic changes where by old waysof doing business were no longer profitable and sustainable and unable to acquire fund with theirtraditional financial instruments. Against this background, the study investigated the effect offinancial sector development on financial innovation in Nigeria. The study employed secondarydata obtained from central bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin and World Bank database between2011 and 2017. The data obtained was subjected to system General Method of Analysis (GMM)estimator. The study concluded that upward trend of process innovation significantly influence thein depth of finance. The study recommends policy makers should design policies which willpromote and enhance the relationship between financial innovation and financial development inother to increase the supply and provision of financial service.
DAMPAK INFORMASI SOSIAL DAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MANAJER
Authors: Eristiani Deva , Solovida Grace Tianna
Published: October 2020

The increasing concern and focus on the social and environmental impacts lead many companies to consider making a social and environmental report. The report was intended to the external parties; however, it may benefit the internal parties especially for the manager in conducting the project. This research aimed to obtain empirical evidence on the influence of the social and environmental information to the manager decision. The population of this research was the students from the private university in Semarang who have enrolled in Akuntansi Manajemen and Sistem Pengendalian Manajemen (the management accounting and management control system), and the sample was 98 students. The research employed One Way ANOVA using SPSS. The result of this study indicated that social and environmental information significantly influenced the manager decision.
Efficacy of low-dose insulin combined with electrolyte in the treatment of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis and its effect on serum inflammatory factors
Authors: Wei Meili , Feng Lihe , Zhao Wei
Published: October 2020

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a very serious disease that can occur in both types of diabetes (type 1 and 2). It is caused by a combination of high blood sugar and low insulin levels, which can cause the body to produce too much ketone. Ketones are toxic to human organs. This research aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of low-dose insulin combined with electrolyte in the treatment of pediatric DKA and its effect on serum inflammatory factors. For this purpose, a total of 122 children with DKA admitted to our hospital from April 2013 to May 2016 were selected as research objects. They were divided into group A with 60 cases and group B with 62 cases. Group B was treated with supplemental electrolytes, and group A was treated with low-dose insulin based on group B. The serum levels of TNF-Î±, IL-6, and IL-18 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after treatment, and the blood sugar, sodium, and potassium levels were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The time when blood sugar reached the standard level when acidosis was corrected and hospitalization time was compared between the two groups. The total effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B (p< 0.05). There was no significant difference in blood glucose, sodium, potassium, TNF-Î±, IL-6, and IL-18 levels between the two groups before treatment. (all p > 0.05). But the blood glucose, sodium and potassium levels in group A were significantly better than those in group B (all p< 0.001). The levels of serum TNF-Î±, IL-6, and IL-18 in group A were significantly lower than those in group B after treatment (all p< 0.001). After treatment, the time when blood sugar reached the standard level when acidosis was corrected and hospitalization time in group A were significantly shorter than those in group B (all p< 0.001). Low-dose insulin combined with electrolyte supplementation is effective in the treatment of DKA in children, which can effectively control blood sugar, sodium, potassium level, and inflammatory factor concentration.
Down-regulation of miR-556-3p inhibits hemangioma cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting VEGFC
Authors: Jin Wen , Chen Liang , Gao Fengyun , Yang Mei , Liu Yan , Wang Bo
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of microRNA (miR)-556-3p on cell proliferation and apoptosis of hemangioma-derived endothelial cells (HemECs).  qRT-PCR was used to compare the expressions of miR-556-3p in HemECs and normal cells. The target gene was identified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation was measured with MTT assay, while western blotting was used to assay VEGFC expression levels. Apoptosis was assayed with FITC Annexin V Apoptosis assay kit. miR-556-3p was overexpressed in HemECs. Transfection with miR-556-3p inhibitor resulted in decreased proliferation of HemECs (p<0.05). The expression of the target gene of miR-556-3pi.e. VEGFC was upregulated when miR-556-3p inhibitor was transfected. The transfection also resulted in increased apoptosis. In HemECs, miR-556-3p is overexpressed and VEGFC expression is low. Thus, miR-556-3p or VEGFC might be potential targets for treatment of angiosarcoma.
Plasma cfDNA as a potential treatment monitoring and prognostic index in patients withnon-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Nan , Li Gaofeng , Li Heng , Xiang Xudong , Guo Gang , Ma Qianli , Zhang Ying
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).   Patients with NSCLC (n = 154) treated with gefitinib were recruited over a 5-year period for this study, and served as the observation group (79 males and 75 females, mean age = 53.74 ± 10.86 years). The control group (normal healthy individuals) consisted of 30 males and 22 females, aged 44 – 64 years (mean age = 54.12 ± 9.83 years). The follow-up lasted 5 years, or until the patient relapsed and died. The plasma level of cfDNA was determined in patients 1 day before treatment, 3 days after treatment, and on the 28th day of treatment.Based on the cfDNA expression level, NSCLC patients were subdivided into high-expression and low-expression groups, and differences in survival were compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on factors affecting patients survival using COX. Total effectiveness was significantly higher in observation group (49.35%) than in control group (13.95 %) (p<0.05). The extent of disease control wasalso significantly higher in the observation group (93.51 %) than in control group (p<0.05). Plasma cfDNA level of NSCLCpatients was significantly higher than that of control group before treatment, but was significantly and time-dependently reduced after gefitinib treatment (p<0.05). Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) level increased with severity of disease (p<0.05). Patients in cfDNA low-expression group had significantly higher chances of survival than those in the high-expression group (p<0.05). The results of Cox multivariate analysis showed that pathological severity and cfDNA concentration were independent factors affecting prognosis of NSCLC (p<0.05). Plasma cfDNA is a potential prognostic index in patients with NSCLC.
Interleukin-6 role in the severity of COVID-19 and intensive care unit stay length
Authors: Taher Al barzin Ruqaya Muhammed Ghareeb , Ghafour Raheem Shler , Khudhur Pinar Khalid , Abdulkarimi Rahim , Mohammadnejad Esmaeil , Tabatabaee Amir
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of cytokine production in COVIID-19 disease, in which the cytokine storm is one of the most important pathological features in complicated cases, especially interleukin 6 as a pre-inflammatory cytokine that exacerbates the immune response, could help determine the pathophysiology of the disease. Examining the level of this cytokine along with other related factors can help to better understand the pathogenesis of this disease. In this cross-sectional study, 48 patients with COVID-19 whose disease was confirmed by swap testing were evaluated. The demographic information of the individuals, the symptoms of the disease, and the ward in which they were admitted were recorded. Blood samples were taken from patients to test for interleukin-6 levels by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA, Roche Diagnostics). Due to the lack of specific treatment protocols for patients and the use of supportive treatments based on meeting the nutritional needs for all patients, blood albumin levels and nutritional status of patients were also evaluated using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) Form. Their calorie intake was assessed by calculating the number of calories received based on the type of nutrition and compared to the required amount calculated through the Harris-Benedict equation. 48 laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infected patients were included in the study with the mean age of 46.4 ± 8.3 years. 21 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). There was no significant difference between the ICU admitted and patients admitted inward in terms of demographic characteristics, and history of previous diseases (p > 0.05). The average interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients was 72.3±34.4 pg/ml. ICU admitted patients had higher IL6 levels (p=0.001). The mean interleukin 6 level was 89.04±34.1 pg/ml in patients admitted for less than 7 days and it was significantly higher (119.2±28.3) in patients hospitalized for more than 7 days (p=0.001). there was no significant difference in terms of nutritional status and albumin level between ICU admitted and ward admitted patients (p >0.05). Our study shows that there may be possible associations of IL6 and disease severity and ICU stay length.
Effect of External Perturbation and System Parameters on Optical Secure Communication Models
Authors: Yin Jiuli , Tian Mengjiao , Duan Xiangchun , Zhang Yongfen
Published: October 2020

Chaotic signals are regarded as secure carriers for communication due to its high sensitivity to parameter and initial condition perturbations. This paper studies the problem of optical secure communication modeled by the perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation. First, we prove that the chaotic signal can be easily produced from the optical soliton signal when external perturbations are executed to the Schrodinger equation. Chaos synchronization is then proved to be accomplished between the derived system and the original system which are different in the first-order derivative terms. Furthermore, we analyze the effects of system parameters on the chaos synchronization. Numerical results show that smaller differences can lead to more rapid synchronization. We also find that changing system parameters can affect the speed of chaos synchronization.
DHbLP: A Novel Technique for Survivability in Optical Networks
Authors: Saini Himanshi , Garg Amit Kumar
Published: October 2020

Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (DWDM) optical networks meet ever-increasing bandwidth demand of internet applications. Network failure results in massive information loss particularly in networks carrying a huge volume of data. Survivability techniques ensure uninterrupted network functioning even in case of failure. Research in the domain of DWDM network survivability has contributed toward the development of protection and restoration techniques to provide resilience in optical networks. In this paper, basic concept of protection and restoration in optical networks has been introduced followed by review and analysis of existing routing and survivability techniques. It is observed that a trade-off among network performance parameters exists for any survivability scheme. A novel scheme, Dynamic Hybrid Technique based on Failure Location and Traffic Priority (DHbLP) adaptable to Quality of Service (QoS) demands, has been proposed. DHbLP is tested for one of the possible failure scenarios in the standard National Science Foundation NETwork (NSFNET) and it is observed that this technique improves network performance in terms of throughput and blocking probability.
Funciones agroalimentarias y socioculturales del traspatio en una comunidad Totonaca de Huehuetla, Puebla, México
Authors: García Navarro María José , Ramírez Valverde Benito , Cesín Vargas José Alfredo , Juárez Sánchez José Pedro , Martínez Carrera Daniel Claudio
Published: October 2020

En el manejo productivo del traspatio de las viviendas totonacas se cristalizan principios agroecológicos, cuyas prácticas ponen como centro a la naturaleza y al ser humano con sus conocimientos tradicionales para producir alimentos. Esta investigación se realizó en la comunidad de Lipuntahuaca, municipio de Huehuetla, Puebla, México, ubicado en el corazón de la región totonaca, con el objetivo de conocer las características en torno a la producción de alimentos para el autoconsumo en los hogares totonacos. La información se obtuvo mediante cuestionarios aplicados a una muestra probabilística en 77 viviendas. Los resultados revelan que el traspatio es utilizado para la obtención de alimentos vegetales y plantas medicinales, así como para la producción pecuaria con la crianza de aves y cerdos, destinados principalmente a la alimentación familiar. Además, se constituye como un espacio importante para la realización de celebraciones tradicionales, relacionadas con la cosmovisión de este grupo.
The Use of Lifting Straps Alters the Entire Load-Velocity Profile During the Deadlift Exercise
Authors: Jukic Ivan , García-Ramos Amador , Malecek Jan , Omcirk Dan , Tufano James J.
Published: October 2020

Jukic, I, García-Ramos, A, Malecek, J, Omcirk, D, and Tufano, JJ. The use of lifting straps alters the entire load-velocity profile during the deadlift exercise. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3331–3337, 2020—This study aimed to compare the one repetition maximum (1RM) and load-velocity (LV) profile between deadlifts performed with (DLw) and without (DLn) lifting straps. The full individual LV relationship of 20 men (age: 24.3 ± 2.4 years; body height: 180.6 ± 6.9 cm; body mass: 85.8 ± 8.0 kg) was randomly evaluated during 2 separate sessions for the DLw and DLn via an incremental loading test. One repetition maximum was greater (p < 0.001; g = 0.56, 95% confidence interval = [0.32, 0.79]) for DLw (177.0 ± 28.9 kg) compared with DLn (160.6 ± 26.0 kg). A highly linear relationship between mean velocity (MV) and %1RM was observed for both conditions (R

2

> 0.95; SEE < 6.18 %1RM for pooled data and R

2

> 0.98; SEE < 3.6 %1RM for individual data). However, MV associated with each %1RM was greater for DLn, and these differences were accentuated as the loading magnitude increased (g = 0.30–1.18). One repetition maximum was strongly associated between both conditions (r = 0.875 [0.71, 0.95]), whereas MV at 1RM (r = 0.21 [−0.25, 0.60]) was unrelated between conditions. The slope of the LV profiles (r = 0.845 [0.64, 0.94]) was correlated, but differed (g = 0.41 [0.16, 0.66]) between DLw and DLn, whereas the mean test velocity of all loads was unrelated (r = 0.270 [−0.20, 0.64]). An individual LV profile should be created for each athlete in the same condition that are going to be used in training to obtain a more precise estimation of the submaximal relative loads.
Retrograde Labeling Illuminates Distinct Topographical Organization of D1 and D2 Receptor-Positive Pyramidal Neurons in the Prefrontal Cortex of Mice
Authors: Green Sara M. , Nathani Sanya , Zimmerman Joseph , Fireman David , Urs Nikhil M.
Published: October 2020

The cortex plays an important role in regulating motivation and cognition, and does so by regulating multiple subcortical brain circuits. Glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are topographically organized in different subregions such as the prelimbic, infralimbic (IL), and orbitofrontal and project to topographically-organized subcortical target regions. Dopamine D1 and D2 receptors are expressed on glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in the PFC. However, it is unclear whether D1 and D2 receptor-expressing pyramidal neurons in the PFC are also topographically organized. We used a retrograde adeno-associated virus (AAVRG)-based approach to illuminate the topographical organization of D1 and D2 receptor-expressing neurons, projecting to distinct striatal and midbrain subregions. Our experiments reveal that AAVRG injection in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) or dorsal striatum (dSTR) of D1Cre mice labeled distinct neuronal subpopulations in medial orbitofrontal or prelimbic PFC, respectively. However, AAVRG injection in NAcc or dSTR of D2Cre mice labeled medial orbitofrontal, but not medial prelimbic PFC, respectively. Additionally, D2R+ but not D1R+ PFC neurons were labeled on injection of AAVRG in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Thus, our data are the first to highlight a unique dopamine receptor-specific topographical pattern in the PFC, which could have profound implications for corticostriatal signaling in the basal ganglia.
Activity Dependent Inhibition of AMPA Receptors by Zn2+
Authors: Carrillo Elisa , Bhatia Nidhi K. , Akimzhanov Askar M. , Jayaraman Vasanthi
Published: October 2020

Zn2+has been shown to have a wide range of modulatory effects on neuronal AMPARs. However, the mechanism of modulation is largely unknown. Here we show that Zn2+inhibits GluA2(Q) homomeric receptors in an activity- and voltage-dependent manner, indicating a pore block mechanism. The rate of inhibition is slow, in the hundreds of milliseconds at millimolar Zn2+concentrations; hence, the inhibition is only observed in the residual nondesensitizing currents. Consequently, the inhibition is higher for GluA2 receptors in complex with auxiliary subunits γ2 and γ8 where the residual activation is larger. The extent of inhibition is also dependent on charge at site 607, the site that undergoes RNA editing in GluA2 subunits replacing glutamine to arginine, with the percent inhibition being lower and IC50being higher for the edited GluA2(R) relative to unedited GluA2(Q) and to GluA2(Q607E), a mutation observed in the genetic screen of a patient exhibiting developmental delays. We also show that Zn2+inhibition is significant during rapid repetitive activity with pulses of millimolar concentrations of glutamate in both receptors expressed in HEK cells as well as in native receptors in cortical neurons of C57BL/6J mice of either sex, indicating a physiological relevance of this inhibition.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTZn2+is present along with glutamate in synaptic vesicles and coreleased during synaptic transmission, modulating the postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors. While Zn2+inhibition of the NMDA subtype of the ionotropic glutamate receptors is well characterized, the mechanism of modulation of the AMPA subtype is much less known. Here we have systematically studied Zn2+inhibition of AMPARs by varying calcium permeability, auxiliary subunits, and activation levels and show that Zn2+inhibits AMPARs in an activity-dependent manner, opening up this pathway as a means to pharmacologically modulate the receptors.
Different Ethical Perspectives Justifying Reasonings Behind a Person’s Actions: A Case Study on a Private Institution in Malaysia
Authors: Kamarudin Diyana , Zakaria Haziman , Azit Azizan
Published: October 2020

Private institutions in Malaysia are bound to the Private Higher Institution Act 1996 which normally relies on corporate investments to sustain their operations. Data from the Department of statistic Malaysia indicates that there is a significant increment of gross output value in the education sector in Malaysia from RM 17.6 billion in 2017 compared to RM 15.2 billion in 2015 which reflects the business competencies in private institutions (Ministry of Education Malaysia, 2015).  This research is a case study conducted at one of the private colleges in Kuantan, Pahang. The aim of this research is to analyze the ethical issues concerning business ethics using a semi-structured interview method with college staff and students. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Each case was analyzed individually, discussed and linked to the business ethics concept and ethical principle. This research aims to create awareness on the good moral value and business ethics that can be practised in the private education sector in Malaysia.
“ASUNTO RELATIVO A LA INMOVILIZACIÓN DE TRES BUQUES DE GUERRA UCRANIANOS (UCRANIA C. FEDERACIÓN DE RUSIA), MEDIDAS PROVISIONALES”
Authors: Iglesias Berlanga Marta
Published: October 2020

En el contexto del “Asunto relativo a la inmovilización de tres buques de guerra ucranianos (Ucrania c. Federación de Rusia), Medidas Provisionales”, este trabajo analiza las medidas provisionales, en su condición de procedimiento incidental, y, en particular, los principales caminos que debe transitar el Tribunal Internacional de Derecho del Mar (TIDM) en el marco del párrafo 5 del artículo 290 de la Convención. Se trata, en concreto, de examinar las declaraciones estatales formuladas a la luz del artículo 287 de la Convención; la competencia prima facie del Tribunal arbitral previsto en el Anexo VII de la Convención, incluidos sus entresijos como, por ejemplo, la posición de Ucrania y de la Federación de Rusia con respecto a la Convención y a otras normas jurídicas presuntamente aplicables al caso; las condiciones legales que subyacen a la prescripción de las medidas provisionales; y finalmente, el cumplimiento de tales medidas.