bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
This meat or that alternative? How masculinity stress influences food choice when goals are conflicted
Authors: Leary R. Bret , MacDonnell Mesler Rhiannon , Montford William J. , Chernishenko Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Introduction

This research integrates literature on masculinity stress—the distress experienced as the result of a perceived discrepancy with male gender norms—with research on goal conflict to examine preferences for plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs). Men experiencing masculinity stress are likely to hold salient a goal of being masculine, which should lead to less preference for PBMAs. However, many of these men simultaneously hold competing goals, such as making ethical food choices, which remain inhibited in favor of the focal masculinity goal. We argue that once men experiencing masculinity stress highlight their masculinity through the selection of a manly product, they satisfy that higher-order goal and are then free to pursue previously inhibited goals, such as making an ethical choice through the selection of PBMAs.

Methods

We present the results of three studies supporting these expectations. Study 1 tests the link between masculinity stress and meat (alternative) consumption using consumer search behavior collected from Google Trends, showing that masculinity stress is positively (negatively) correlated with searches for red meat (PBMAs). Study 2 shows that men experiencing masculinity stress are more inclined to choose PBMAs, provided they are presented within a masculine product context. Study 3 presents a parallel mediation model, showing that ethical considerations (as opposed to masculine goals) shape the choice of PBMA preference.

Results and discussion

We conclude with a discussion of theoretical implications for the impression management strategies utilized by men experiencing masculinity stress and practical implications for the growing PBMA industry.
Gastric adenocarcinoma burden, trends and survival in Cali, Colombia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Parra-Lara Luis Gabriel , Falla-Martínez Juan Camilo , Isaza-Pierotti Daniel Francisco , Mendoza-Urbano Diana Marcela , Tangua-Arias Andrés R. , Bravo Juan Carlos , Bravo Luis Eduardo , Zambrano Ángela R.
Published: March 2023

Background

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) has changed in recent decades. Cancer estimates are often calculated from population-based cancer registries, which lack valuable information to guide decision-making (clinical outcomes). We describe the trends in clinical practice for GA using a hospital-based cancer registry over a timespan of 15 years.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Data were gathered from adults diagnosed and treated for GA at Fundación Valle del Lili (FVL), between 2000 and 2014, from the hospital’s own cancer registry and crossed with Cali’s Cancer Registry. Additional data were obtained directly from clinical records, pathology reports and the clinical laboratory. Patients younger than 18 years and those for whom limited information was available in the medical history were excluded. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

A total of 500 patients met eligibility criteria. Median age was 64 years (IQR: 54-74 years), 39.8% were female, 22.2% were at an early stage, 32.2% had a locally advanced disease, and 29% a metastatic disease, 69% had intestinal subtype, 48.6% had a positive H. pylori test, 85.2% had a distal lesion, 62% underwent gastrectomy, 60.6% lymphadenectomy, and 40.6% received chemotherapy. Survival at 5 years for all cases was 39.9% (CI 95% 35.3-44.5). Survival decreased over time in all groups and was lower in age-groups <39 and 60-79 with either locally advanced or metastatic disease. Prognostic factors that were significant in the Cox proportional-hazards model were late stages of the tumor (locally advanced: HR=2.52; metastatic: HR=4.17), diffuse subtype (HR=1.40), gastrectomy (subtotal: HR=0.42; total: 0.44) and palliative chemotherapy (HR=0.61).

Conclusions

The treatment of GA has changed in recent decades. GA survival was associated with clinical staging, diffuse subtype, gastrectomy and palliative chemotherapy. These findings must be interpreted in the context of a hospital-based study.
Comparison of doublet and triplet therapies for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Chunxing , Zhao Zichen , Li Xiaojian , Tang Chong , Guan Zhenpeng , Sun Feng , Gu Jin , Li Ningchen
Published: March 2023

Background

The best choice of first-line treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) is unclear. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety determined in randomized clinical trials of doublet and triplet treatments for mHSPC.

Methods

Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception through July 01, 2022. Eligible studies were phase III randomized clinical trials evaluating androgen deprivation treatment (ADT) alone, doublet therapies [ADT combined with docetaxel (DOC), novel hormonal agents (NHAs), or radiotherapy (RT)], or triplet therapies (NHA+DOC+ADT) as first-line treatments for mHSPC. Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and grades 3-5 adverse events (AEs). Subgroup analyses were performed based on tumor burden. The effects of competing treatments were assessed by Bayesian network meta-analysis using R software.

Results

Ten trials with 12,298 patients comparing nine treatments were included. Darolutamide (DARO) +DOC+ADT ranked best in terms of OS benefits (OR 0·52 [95% CI 0·39–0·70]), but its advantages were all statistically insignificant compared with other therapy options except for DOC+ADT (OR 0·68 [95% CI 0·53–0·88]) and RT+ADT (OR 0·57 [95% CI 0·40–0·80]). In terms of PFS, enzalutamide(ENZA)+DOC+ADT (OR 0·32 [95% CI 0·24–0·44]) and abiraterone and prednisone (AAP) +DOC+ADT (OR 0·33 [95% CI 0·25–0·45]) ranked best. For patients with high volume disease (HVD), low volume disease (LVD), and visceral metastases, the optimal therapies were AAP+DOC+ADT (OR 0·52 [95% CI 0·33–0·83]), apalutamide+ADT (OR 0·52 [95% CI 0·26–1·05]) and DARO+DOC+ADT (OR 0·42 [95% CI 0·13–1·34]), respectively. For safety, AAP+DOC+ADT (OR 3·56 [95% CI 1·51–8·43]) ranked worst with the highest risk of grade 3−5 AEs.

Conclusions

Triple therapies may further improve OS and PFS but may be associated with a decrease in safety. Triplet therapies could be suggested for HVD patients, while doublet combinations should still be preferred for LVD patients.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/303117_STRATEGY_20220202.pdf, identifier CRD4202303117.
The role of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients’ preoperative staging
Authors: Thoenissen Philipp , Heselich Anja , Burck Iris , Sader Robert , Vogl Thomas , Ghanaati Shahram
Published: March 2023

Introduction

The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of MRI and CT with regard to the detection of lymph node metastases based on the data of specific patients with OSCC who received bilateral neck dissection.

Materials and methods

In a retrospective analysis from 01/2014 to 12/2020 patients who underwent primary tumor resection and bilateral neck dissection were evaluated.

Results

174 preoperative MRI (78.74%, N=137) and CT (21.26%, N=37) were correlated with the histopathological findings. CT had a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 68% (p=0.76). MRI showed an overall sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 68% (p=0.76). In 52.87% of all cases no differences between cN and pN were found. MRI is the method to overestimate lymph node involvement compared to CT (overestimation in 27% vs. 21.62%).

Conclusion

The current data indicate that MR and CT show poor efficacy in the detection of cervical metastases. Accordingly, attention must be paid to alternatives to correct local staging modalities. The application of structured bilateral neck dissection needs to be questioned.
Case report: Magnetic resonance imaging-based three-dimensional printing for reconstruction of complex cloacal malformations
Authors: Gang Suiin , Song Sang Hoon , Kwon Jaeyoung , Kwon Hyunhee , Ha Suhyeon , Park Jueun , Kim Namkug , Yoon Hee Mang , Namgoong Jung-Man
Published: March 2023

Background

Surgical reconstruction of the urinary tract, anus, and vagina is the definitive treatment for cloacal malformation. However, this procedure may be technically challenging in patients with a long common channel (>3 cm), because further reconstructive procedures, such as vaginal replacement or vaginal switch maneuver, may be required. Thus, accurate determination of spatial anatomy is essential during surgical planning. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction using rotational fluoroscopy, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently been reported to help in determining the relationship between the rectum, vagina, and bladder, and provides a more accurate measurement of the channel length compared to conventional cloacography. MRI-based 3D reconstruction provides substantial information regarding soft tissue structures around the cloaca, including the pelvic floor musculature and anus.

Case

A 2-year-old girl with cloacal malformation required reconstructive surgery. Colostomy and cystostomy had been performed on the first day of her life. Preoperative loopogram revealed a cloaca with a long common channel (35 mm) and short urethra (9 mm), single vaginal opening in the bladder neck, and the colon anterior to the vagina with a fistula at the vaginal neck. Because the vagina was too short to be pulled through, 3D printing based on MRI was performed to visualize structural relationships prior to surgical correction. Saline was used for cloacal visualization. Furthermore, endoscopy-assisted urogenital mobilization was performed, and vaginal substitution was performed using the rectum. No postoperative complications were observed.

Conclusions

We believe this is the first report of the use of MRI-based 3D imaging and printing, with saline as a contrast agent during surgical planning for correction of cloacal malformation. MRI-based 3D printing is a potentially promising technique for surgical planning of cloacal malformation correction in patients with a long common channel, as it provides detailed information about the surrounding soft tissue structures without exposure to radiation or contrasting agents.
Reproduction system development of Ceracris kiangsu Tsai female adults and its relationship with fitness characteristics
Authors: Wang Meizhi , Li Hongmei , Zhang Wei , Zhuo Fuyan , Li Tianjiao , Lowry Alyssa , Zhang Aihuan
Published: March 2023

Research on the ovarian development of insect pests helps provide key information for predicting pest occurrences, and currently, there is very limited information about the reproductive system of Ceracris kiangsu Tsai. This study aimed to assess the reproductive fitness of 321 adult female insects by using traditional methods to dissect female adults, measure female ovaries, and assess the process of egg formation. The phenotypic traits including body weight and body length were also measured and used to estimate the model of ovarian developmental stages. Four ovarian developmental stages before the oviposition were identified, and the fundamental ovarian structure of C. kiangsu displayed red dots on the matured eggs inside the calyx at ovarian developmental stage V. The accessory glands of C. kiangsu had the deepest folds at stage Ⅲ. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to explore the correlation between ovarian development, body weight, and body length. A significant positive correlation was observed for body weight (p = 0.001) and body length (p = 0.009), which varied with the grade of ovarian development evaluated by the ovarian developmental stage, ovarian length, ovarian width, and ovarian cross-sectional area. A partial least square (PLS) regression was used to model the ovarian developmental stage, with a stage-based PLS being identified as the more effective method, which was y = 1.509x1 + 0.114x2. The model provides a potentially rapid way to identify the population source as either “native” or “immigrant” from the phenotypic traits without dissection. The aforementioned model may be used to estimate adult emergence periods and identify migratory populations from their ovarian development, potentially aiding in implementing proper prevention measures.
Transcutaneous delivery of sodium bicarbonate increases intramuscular pH
Authors: Gibson Brandon M. , Needham Karen Wiedenfeld , Kaiser Brendan W. , Wilkins Brad W. , Minson Christopher T. , Halliwill John R.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Oral bicarbonate loading improves the buffering of metabolic acidosis and may improve exercise performance but can also result in gastric distress. Momentous’ PR Lotion contains a novel composition intended to provide a transdermal delivery vehicle for sodium bicarbonate which could allow the same ergogenic effect without the gastric distress. The present study explored the effect of transdermal delivery of sodium bicarbonate in a resting condition.

Methods: We measured the pH from intramuscular dialysate, via microdialysis, of the vastus lateralis during a 2 h application of PR Lotion (40 g of lotion per leg) in 9 subjects (3 women, 6 men). Venous blood samples were obtained for serum pH before and after application. A placebo time control was also performed in 4 subjects (2 women, 2 men). We hypothesized that PR Lotion application would increase pH of intramuscular dialysate.

Results: PR Lotion resulted in a rise in pH of 0.13 ± 0.04 units (p < 0.05), which translates to a 28% reduction in [H+]. Increases in serum pH were smaller (∼9%) yet consistent (p < 0.05). In contrast, placebo time control pH tended to decrease (p = 0.08). The effect of PR Lotion on pH tended to correlate with the dose per kg body weight of each individual (r = 0.70, p = 0.08).

Conclusion: These observations support the idea of transdermal bicarbonate delivery impacting pH buffering both systemically and intramuscularly. Further work investigating these potential benefits in an exercising model would be critical to establishing PR Lotion’s utility as an ergogenic aid.
The impact of chromium toxicity on the yield and quality of rice grains produced under ambient and elevated levels of CO2
Authors: AbdElgawad Hamada , Mohammed Afrah E. , van Dijk Jesper R. , Beemster Gerrit T. S. , Alotaibi Modhi O. , Saleh Ahmed M.
Published: March 2023

Rice is a highly valuable crop consumed all over the world. Soil pollution, more specifically chromium (Cr), decreases rice yield and quality. Future climate CO2 (eCO2) is known to affect the growth and yield of crops as well as the quality parameters associated with human health. However, the detailed physiological and biochemical responses induced by Cr in rice grains produced under eCO2 have not been deeply studied. Cr (200 and 400 mg Cr6+/Kg soil) inhibited rice yield and photosynthesis in Sakha 106, but to less extend in Giza 181 rice cultivar. Elevated CO2 reduced Cr accumulation and, consequently, recovered the negative impact of the higher Cr dose, mainly in Sakha 106. This could be explained by improved photosynthesis which was consistent with increased carbohydrate level and metabolism (starch synthases and amylase). Moreover, these increases provided a route for the biosynthesis of organic, amino and fatty acids. At grain quality level, eCO2 differentially mitigated Cr stress-induced reductions in minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca), proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin), unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1) and antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity) in both cultivars. This study provided insights into the physiological and biochemical bases of eCO2-induced grain yield and quality of Cr-stressed rice.
Phylogenomic analyses of Sapindales support new family relationships, rapid Mid-Cretaceous Hothouse diversification, and heterogeneous histories of gene duplication
Authors: Joyce Elizabeth M. , Appelhans Marc S. , Buerki Sven , Cheek Martin , de Vos Jurriaan M. , Pirani José R. , Zuntini Alexandre R. , Bachelier Julien B. , Bayly Michael J. , Callmander Martin W. , Devecchi Marcelo F. , Pell Susan K. , Groppo Milton , Lowry Porter P. , Mitchell John , Siniscalchi Carolina M. , Munzinger Jérôme , Orel Harvey K. , Pannell Caroline M. , Nauheimer Lars , Sauquet Hervé , Weeks Andrea , Muellner-Riehl Alexandra N. , Leitch Ilia J. , Maurin Olivier , Forest Félix , Nargar Katharina , Thiele Kevin R. , Baker William J. , Crayn Darren M.
Published: March 2023

Sapindales is an angiosperm order of high economic and ecological value comprising nine families, c. 479 genera, and c. 6570 species. However, family and subfamily relationships in Sapindales remain unclear, making reconstruction of the order’s spatio-temporal and morphological evolution difficult. In this study, we used Angiosperms353 target capture data to generate the most densely sampled phylogenetic trees of Sapindales to date, with 448 samples and c. 85% of genera represented. The percentage of paralogous loci and allele divergence was characterized across the phylogeny, which was time-calibrated using 29 rigorously assessed fossil calibrations. All families were supported as monophyletic. Two core family clades subdivide the order, the first comprising Kirkiaceae, Burseraceae, and Anacardiaceae, the second comprising Simaroubaceae, Meliaceae, and Rutaceae. Kirkiaceae is sister to Burseraceae and Anacardiaceae, and, contrary to current understanding, Simaroubaceae is sister to Meliaceae and Rutaceae. Sapindaceae is placed with Nitrariaceae and Biebersteiniaceae as sister to the core Sapindales families, but the relationships between these families remain unclear, likely due to their rapid and ancient diversification. Sapindales families emerged in rapid succession, coincident with the climatic change of the Mid-Cretaceous Hothouse event. Subfamily and tribal relationships within the major families need revision, particularly in Sapindaceae, Rutaceae and Meliaceae. Much of the difficulty in reconstructing relationships at this level may be caused by the prevalence of paralogous loci, particularly in Meliaceae and Rutaceae, that are likely indicative of ancient gene duplication events such as hybridization and polyploidization playing a role in the evolutionary history of these families. This study provides key insights into factors that may affect phylogenetic reconstructions in Sapindales across multiple scales, and provides a state-of-the-art phylogenetic framework for further research.
Planting conditions can enhance the bioactivity of mulberry by affecting its composition
Authors: Bai Huixin , Jiang Shanfeng , Liu Jincai , Tian Ye , Zheng Xiaohui , Wang Siwang , Xie Yanhua , Li Yao , Jia Pu
Published: March 2023

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) has a special significance in the history of agriculture and economic plant cultivation. Mulberry has strong environmental adaptability, a wide planting range, and abundant output. It is not only an important resource for silkworm breeding but also a raw ingredient for various foods and has great potential for the development of biological resources. The bioactivities of mulberry in different planting areas are not the same, which is an obstacle to the development of mulberry. This study collected information on the planting conditions of mulberry branches in 12 planting areas, such as altitude, temperature difference, and precipitation. A comparison of the levels of 12 constituents of mulberry branches from mulberry grown in different planting areas was then made. An in vitro model was used to study the bioactivities of mulberry branches in the 12 planting areas, and mathematical analysis was used to explain the possible reasons for the differences in the composition and bioactivities of mulberry branches in different planting areas. After studying mulberry samples from 12 planting areas in China, it was found that a small temperature difference could affect the antiapoptotic effect of mulberry branch on microvascular endothelial cells by changing the levels and proportions of rutin, hyperoside, and morusin. Adequate irrigation can promote the antioxidation of the mulberry branch on microvascular endothelial cells by changing the levels and proportions of scopoletin and quercitrin. The results of the analysis of planting conditions and the levels of active constituents and their correlation with bioactivities support the improvement of mulberry planting conditions and have great significance in the rational development of mulberry resources. This is the first time that a mathematical analysis method was used to analyze the effects of planting conditions on mulberry biological activity.
Measuring mathematics self-efficacy: Multitrait-multimethod comparison
Authors: Yu Wenhua , Zhou Shuodi , Zhou Yu
Published: March 2023

Previous studies had shown that there is a certain relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and math performance. For students, parents, and front-line scholars, it is urgent and important to study the measurement relationship between math achievement and self-efficacy. The research aimed to observe how to measure mathematics self-efficacy and find which of the three traits and which of the three methods better reflect individuals’ self-efficacy. The present study used a multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) design to measure mathematics self-efficacy by constructing the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model. “Number and Algebra,” “Graphics and Geometry,” and “Synthesis and Practice” were considered three traits, and General-Math-Task-referenced self-efficacy, Unconventional-Math-Problem-referenced self-efficacy, and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) self-efficacy were discussed as three methods to study. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data. A total of 100 students completed all the questionnaires. Excel was used to collect math scores, and SPSS version 26.0 and AMOS version 26.0 were used to manage the data, confirm a hypothesis, and build a model by using MTMM design and CFA. CFA was used to verify convergent validity and discriminant validity. A total of eight models were constructed in the study that includes first-order CFA models and second-order CFA models, and model D was finally selected as the most perfect model in the second-order CFA model. The results showed that the “Synthesis and Practice” fields were the most significant reflection of self-efficacy among the three traits. MSLQ was the most significant reflection of self-efficacy among the three methods. It is beneficial to improve the level of self-efficacy from the aspect of mathematics subject. In addition, the research confirmed that CFA can support MTMM data for data modeling and found that the correlation between the Unconventional-Math-Problem-referenced self-efficacy and MSLQ is higher than that of General-Math-Task-referenced self-efficacy in the second-order model. It makes certain theoretical significance for improving students’ mathematics self-efficacy levels.
The value of a digital management system for the medical records of patients with cerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Qin , Li Xiao-Dong
Published: March 2023

Objective

The present study aimed to explore the value of a digital management system based on micro digital imaging technology for the medical records of patients with cerebral hemorrhage.

Methods

A total of 540 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosed and treated in the hospital from November 2016 to November 2019 were selected as the subjects of this study. A digital management system based on micro digital imaging technology was used to establish how to handle the medical records of these patients.

Results

The medical record management process of patients with cerebral hemorrhage comprises five modules: medical record editing, medical record querying, medical record borrowing management, statistical analysis, and system maintenance. The purpose of these is to manage and store digitalised medical records for patients, present the most useful information on the first page of the medical records, monitor the safety of the medical records, and enable real-time data sharing.

Conclusion

Establishing a digital management system based on micro digital imaging technology for the medical records of patients with cerebral hemorrhage can effectively enable the preservation and use of these documents. It improves information management, such as data sharing, security, and the overall level of information. This is worth promoting.
A ReaxFF molecular dynamics and RRKM ab initio based study on degradation of indene
Authors: Hashemi S. Rasoul , Barinovs Girts , Nyman Gunnar
Published: March 2023

The degradation of indene is investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) with the ReaxFF force field and RRKM theory. Microcanonical rate constants are obtained over a broad energy range (8–25 eV). There is agreement between the results of the molecular dynamics and RRKM calculations at the lower energies, while the molecular dynamics rate constants are larger at the higher energies. At the lower energies there is also agreement with values obtained by using expressions for photodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons from the literature. Values from those expressions however increase even faster with energy than our molecular dynamics rate constants do. At the same time those values are lower than an experimental result at 6.4 eV. This suggests that astrochemical models employing those values may result in unreliable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons abundances.
Treating COVID-19: Targeting the Host Response, Not the Virus
Authors: Fedson David S.
Published: March 2023

In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), inexpensive generic drugs like statins, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs, especially if used in combination, might be the only practical way to save the lives of patients with severe COVID-19. These drugs will already be available in all countries on the first pandemic day. Because they target the host response to infection instead of the virus, they could be used to save lives during any pandemic. Observational studies show that inpatient statin treatment reduces 28–30-day mortality but randomized controlled trials have failed to show this benefit. Combination treatment has been tested for antivirals and dexamethasone but, with the exception of one observational study in Belgium, not for inexpensive generic drugs. Future pandemic research must include testing combination generic drug treatments that could be used in LMICs.
Case Histories of Orogenic Gold Deposits
Authors: Meyer Franz Michael
Published: March 2023

This review compares genetic parameters of 12 orogenic gold deposits. The set of examples is considered to represent largely the variability of orogenic gold deposit (OGD) characteristics. The data are presented in tables and include following definitive parameters: regional geologic settings, nature of hosts rocks and mineralization, ore controlling structures, ages of host rocks and mineralization and timing of mineralization relative to metamorphism, hydrothermal alteration mineralogy and ore mineral assemblages, isotopic signatures, physical conditions of ore formation and proposed origin of ore fluids aa well as gold reserves, production, and grades. This allows comparison of deposits from different geologic terrains having different ages and formed under different P-T conditions. The data are further discussed before the background of the orogenic gold system and the crustal metamorphic models that provide different scenarios to explain the source of ore fluids. The orogenic gold system model advocates a metal and fluid source external to the terrain in which mineralization occurred, but the model applies only for 3 of the 12 deposits studied. All other deposits formed most likely from a crustal source, which would favor the crustal metamorphic model. However, the formation of hypozonal OGDs cannot be accounted for by the crustal metamorphic model or by the metamorphic devolatilization model. The data identify a set of coherent signatures in OGDs, but there seem to be no unified model for all possible environmental conditions and facets of ore formation and fluid sources, tectonic and lithologic setting, and scale of gold endowment.
Efficient Synthesis of 1H-Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c][1,3]oxazin-1-one Derivatives Using Ag2CO3/TFA-Catalyzed 6-endo-dig Cyclization: Reaction Scope and Mechanistic Study
Authors: El Qami Abdelkarim , Jismy Badr , Akssira Mohamed , Jacquemin Johan , Tikad Abdellatif , Abarbri Mohamed
Published: March 2023

A small library of 1H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c][1,3]oxazin-1-one derivatives was prepared in good to excellent yields, involving a Ag2CO3/TFA-catalyzed intramolecular oxacyclization of N-Boc-2-alkynylbenzimidazole substrates. In all experiments, the 6-endo-dig cyclization was exclusively achieved since the possible 5-exo-dig heterocycle was not observed, indicating the high regioselectivity of this process. The scope and limitations of the silver catalyzed 6-endo-dig cyclization of N-Boc-2-alkynylbenzimidazoles as substrates, bearing various substituents, were investigated. While ZnCl2 has shown limits for alkynes with an aromatic substituent, Ag2CO3/TFA demonstrated its effectiveness and compatibility regardless of the nature of the starting alkyne (aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic), providing a practical regioselective access to structurally diverse 1H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c][1,3]oxazin-1-ones in good yields. Moreover, the rationalization of oxacyclization selectivity in favor of 6-endo-dig over 5-exo-dig was explained by a complementary computational study.
Mitochondrial Damage Induced by T-2 Mycotoxin on Human Skin—Fibroblast Hs68 Cell Line
Authors: Janik-Karpinska Edyta , Ceremuga Michal , Niemcewicz Marcin , Synowiec Ewelina , Sliwiński Tomasz , Bijak Michal
Published: March 2023

T-2 toxin is produced by different Fusarium species and belongs to the group of type A trichothecene mycotoxins. T-2 toxin contaminates various grains, such as wheat, barley, maize, or rice, thus posing a risk to human and animal health. The toxin has toxicological effects on human and animal digestive, immune, nervous and reproductive systems. In addition, the most significant toxic effect can be observed on the skin. This in vitro study focused on T-2 toxicity on human skin fibroblast Hs68 cell line mitochondria. In the first step of this study, T-2 toxin’s effect on the cell mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined. The cells were exposed to T-2 toxin, which resulted in dose- and time-dependent changes and a decrease in MMP. The obtained results revealed that the changes of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the Hs68 cells were not affected by T-2 toxin. A further mitochondrial genome analysis showed that T-2 toxin in a dose- and time-dependent manner decreased the number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies in cells. In addition, T-2 toxin genotoxicity causing mtDNA damage was evaluated. It was found that incubation of Hs68 cells in the presence of T-2 toxin, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, increased the level of mtDNA damage in both tested mtDNA regions: NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5). In conclusion, the results of the in vitro study revealed that T-2 toxin shows adverse effects on Hs68 cell mitochondria. T-2 toxin induces mitochondrial dysfunction and mtDNA damage, which may cause the disruption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and, in consequence, cell death.
Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Water and Wastewaters by Electrochemical Processes: Review
Authors: Kabdaşlı Işık , Tünay Olcay
Published: March 2023

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic species. Its origin is in industrial activities. Therefore, its effective control is realized on a source basis. Although chemical methods proved effective in removing Cr(VI) from wastewaters, more economic solutions with a minimum sludge production have been sought. Among them, the use of electrochemical processes has emerged as a viable solution to the problem. Much research was conducted in this area. The aim of this review paper is to make a critical evaluation of the literature on Cr(VI) removal by electrochemical methods, particularly electrocoagulation with sacrificial electrodes, and to assess the present data as well as to point out the areas that need further elaboration. Following the review of the theoretical concepts of electrochemical processes, the literature on the electrochemical removal of Cr(VI) was evaluated on the basis of important elements of the system. Among them are initial pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration, current density, type and concentration of supporting electrolyte, and the material of electrodes and their operating characteristics and process kinetics. Dimensionally stable electrodes that realize the reduction process without producing any sludge were evaluated separately. Applications of electrochemical methods to a wide spectrum of industrial effluents were also assessed.
LncRNA JHDM1D-AS1 Is a Key Biomarker for Progression and Modulation of Gemcitabine Sensitivity in Bladder Cancer Cells
Authors: Pereira Isadora Oliveira Ansaloni , da Silva Glenda Nicioli , Almeida Tamires Cunha , Lima Ana Paula Braga , Sávio André Luiz Ventura , Leite Katia Ramos Moreira , Salvadori Daisy Maria Fávero
Published: March 2023

Long non-coding RNAs are frequently found to be dysregulated and are linked to carcinogenesis, aggressiveness, and chemoresistance in a variety of tumors. As expression levels of the JHDM1D gene and lncRNA JHDM1D-AS1 are altered in bladder tumors, we sought to use their combined expression to distinguish between low-and high-grade bladder tumors by RTq-PCR. In addition, we evaluated the functional role of JHDM1D-AS1 and its association with the modulation of gemcitabine sensitivity in high-grade bladder-tumor cells. J82 and UM-UC-3 cells were treated with siRNA-JHDM1D-AS1 and/or three concentrations of gemcitabine (0.39, 0.78, and 1.56 µM), and then submitted to cytotoxicity testing (XTT), clonogenic survival, cell cycle progression, cell morphology, and cell migration assays. When JHDM1D and JHDM1D-AS1 expression levels were used in combination, our findings indicated favorable prognostic value. Furthermore, the combined treatment resulted in greater cytotoxicity, a decrease in clone formation, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, morphological alterations, and a reduction in cell migration capacity in both lineages compared to the treatments alone. Thus, silencing of JHDM1D-AS1 reduced the growth and proliferation of high-grade bladder-tumor cells and increased their sensitivity to gemcitabine treatment. In addition, the expression of JHDM1D/JHDM1D-AS1 indicated potential prognostic value in the progression of bladder tumors.
Therapeutic Effects of Coumarins with Different Substitution Patterns
Authors: Flores-Morales Virginia , Villasana-Ruíz Ana P. , Garza-Veloz Idalia , González-Delgado Samantha , Martinez-Fierro Margarita L.
Published: March 2023

The use of derivatives of natural and synthetic origin has gained attention because of their therapeutic effects against human diseases. Coumarins are one of the most common organic molecules and are used in medicine for their pharmacological and biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antihypertensive, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective, among others. In addition, coumarin derivates can modulate signaling pathways that impact several cell processes. The objective of this review is to provide a narrative overview of the use of coumarin-derived compounds as potential therapeutic agents, as it has been shown that substituents on the basic core of coumarin have therapeutic effects against several human diseases and types of cancer, including breast, lung, colorectal, liver, and kidney cancer. In published studies, molecular docking has represented a powerful tool to evaluate and explain how these compounds selectively bind to proteins involved in various cellular processes, leading to specific interactions with a beneficial impact on human health. We also included studies that evaluated molecular interactions to identify potential biological targets with beneficial effects against human diseases.
Catalytic Properties of Zirconocene-Based Systems in 1-Hexene Oligomerization and Structure of Metal Hydride Reaction Centers
Authors: Parfenova Lyudmila V. , Kovyazin Pavel V. , Bikmeeva Almira Kh. , Palatov Eldar R. , Ivchenko Pavel V. , Nifant’ev Ilya E. , Khalilov Leonard M.
Published: March 2023

Despite large-scale investigations of homogeneous single-site metallocene catalysts and systems based on them, there are still unsolved problems related to the control of their activity and chemo- and stereoselectivity. A solution to these problems is required to develop efficient methods for the synthesis of practically useful products of alkene transformations, such as dimers, oligomers, and polymers. Here we studied the catalytic activity of structurally diverse zirconocenes (L2ZrCl2, L = Cp, C5Me5, Ind, L2 = Me2CCp2, Me2SiCp2, Me2C2Cp2, rac-Me2CInd2, rac-H4C2Ind2, BIPh(Ind)2, H4C2[THInd]2), and co-catalysts activating the system, namely HAlBui2, MMAO-12, and (Ph3C)[B(C6F5)4], at low activator/Zr ratios in a 1-hexene oligomerization reaction. The influence of catalyst structure and system composition on the alkene conversion, the type of products, and the reaction stereoselectivity were investigated. The composition of hydride intermediates formed in the L2ZrCl2–HAlBui2–activator system (L2 = ansa-Me2CCp2, Ind) was studied by NMR spectroscopy. Participation of the bis-zirconium hydride complex as the precursor of catalytically active sites of the alkene dimerization reaction was shown.
In Vitro Antiviral Potential, Antioxidant, and Chemical Composition of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Essential Oil
Authors: Kiki Manal Jameel
Published: March 2023

Viral infections are spread all around the world. Although there are available therapies, their safety and effectiveness are constrained by their adverse effects and drug resistance. Therefore, new natural antivirals have been used such as essential oils, which are natural products with promising biological activity. Accordingly, the present study aimed to identify the components of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil (EOCa) and verify its antioxidant and antiviral activity. The oil was analyzed using GC/MS, and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated as a function of the radical scavenging activity. A plaque reduction test was used to measure the antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and an adenovirus. GC/MS analysis confirmed the presence of eugenol as the main component (76.78%). Moreover, EOCa had powerful antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 50 µg/mL. The highest antiviral potential was found against HAV, with a selectivity index (SI) of 14.46, while showing poor selectivity toward HSV-1 with an SI value of 1.44. However, no relevant effect was detected against the adenovirus. The antiviral activity against HAV revealed that its effect was not related to host cytotoxicity. The findings imply that EOCa can be utilized to treat diseases caused by infections and free radicals.
A Bifunctional BiOBr/ZIF-8/ZnO Photocatalyst with Rich Oxygen Vacancy for Enhanced Wastewater Treatment and H2O2 Generation
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhang Tianduo , Cui Yang , Wang Zhaoyang , Dong Ruoyu , Wu Yuhan , Du Cuiwei , Chen Ruyan , Yu Chongfei , Feng Jinglan , Sun Jianhui , Dong Shuying
Published: March 2023

Photocatalytic technology is considered an ideal approach for clean energy conversion and environmental pollution applications. In this work, a bifunctional BiOBr/ZIF-8/ZnO photocatalyst was proposed for removing phenols in wastewater and generating hydrogen peroxide. Insights from scanning electron microscopy measurements revealed the well-dispersion of ZIF-8/ZnO was on the BiOBr layer, which could effectively prevent agglomeration of ZIF-8 and facilitate the separation of carriers. In addition, the optimal H2O2 yield of the BiOBr/ZIF-8/ZnO sample could reach 116 mmol·L−1·g−1 within 2 h, much higher than that of pure BiOBr (with the value of 82 mmol·L−1·g−1). The optimal BiOBr/ZIF-8/ZnO sample could also remove 90% of the phenol or bisphenol A in 2 h, and its kinetic constants were 3.8 times and 2.3 times that of pure BiOBr, respectively. Based on the analysis of the various experimental characterizations, the photocatalytic mechanism of the S-scheme BiOBr/ZIF-8/ZnO composite for the degradation of phenolic pollutants and generation of H2O2 was proposed. The formation of the heterojunction and the oxygen vacancy work together to significantly improve its photocatalytic efficiency. In addition, the BiOBr/ZIF-8/ZnO catalyst has a certain impact on the degradation of phenol in actual wastewater, providing a way to effectively remove refractory pollutants and generate H2O2 in actual water.
Solubility Determination and Comprehensive Analysis of the New Heat-Resistant Energetic Material TNBP
Authors: Wang Luoluo , Wang Minchang , Kang Ying , Zhu Yong , Chang Hai , Liu Ning
Published: March 2023

To improve the crystal quality of 4,8-bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)difurazolo [3,4-b:3′,4′-e] pyrazine (TNBP), the solubility of TNBP in organic solvents (six pure and four mixed solvents) was determined by the laser monitoring technique from 293.15 to 353.15 K. The results showed that the solubility was positively correlated with the increase in the experimental temperature and the main solvent content, except for the co-solvent phenomenon in the DMSO + ethyl acetate solvent mixture. To explain the dissolution behavior of TNBP, the KAT-SER model was analyzed for pure solvent systems, and it was found that hydrogen bonding alkalinity and self-cohesiveness were the main influencing factors. The free energy of solvation and radial distribution function of TNBP in mixed solvents were also obtained by molecular dynamics simulation, and the effect of solute–solvent and solvent–solvent interactions on the solubility trend was analyzed. The experimental data were correlated using three empirical equations (van’t Hoff equation, modified Apelblat equation, and λh equation), and the deviation analysis showed the good applicability of the modified Apelblat model. Furthermore, the dissolution of TNBP was heat-absorbing and not spontaneous, according to the thermodynamic characteristics estimated by the van’t Hoff equation.
Forsvik, Sweden: Towards a People–Public–Private Partnership as a Circular Governance and Sustainable Culture Tourism Strategy
Authors: Gustafsson Christer , Amer Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The objectives of this study are to (a) invest adaptively in the cultural assets which play a part in generating the cultural identity manifestations, (b) review a group of sustainable bottom-up-centred and/or circular economy-based projects (CHRISTA and Västra Götaland Regional Development Policy (SE); CLIC; Be.CULTOUR), and (c) strategically support the sustainable culture tourism process in Forsvik (a Swedish industrial heritage destination) by involving the local community members. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was carried out in Forsvik as a circular governance model adopting a people-centred approach. The research qualitatively presents its review through a descriptive analysis of the aforementioned projects. In addition, the paper consists of two in-depth individual interviews with the key governmental decision makers, as well as the experience of the 1st author as a project leader. Findings: The results show a People–Public–Private Partnership approach, as a community-driven social innovation tool, that seeks to operationalize a strategic dynamic partnership mainly among three partners: (1) people or the host community, (2) the public sector, and (3) the private sector. Originality/Value: One of the contributions of this study is to develop a corporate committee valorising and emancipating the role of community engagement in circular governance providing a sustainable people-centred cultural tourism strategy.
Langue at work: a review and comparison of the narrative theories in literature
Authors: Bagherian Sophia , Yaghoobi-Derabi Javad
Published: March 2023

During its early structuralist and typological phases, narratology faced a great deal of difficulty relating theory to practice. The study of narrative texts is both an applied science and a theory in its own right. Its critical challenge as applied narratology is 'So what?' Why do we need all these subcategories to understand texts? Narratology has been criticized for not producing significant readings as a theory, like deconstruction or Lacanian psychoanalysis. The main objective of this paper is to seek to explore the narratological dimensions of literature and compare the Narrative Theories based on structuralist views. To achieve this goal, first a brief history of narratology is offered to provide an opportunity to discuss the structure and the leaders of the narratology movement, and then the entire structuralist discussion of narratology, its concepts, the procedure, and the practitioners is examined. According to the results, structuralist narratology encompasses the opening of a path to the language of a narrative and, therefore, the decoding of the language to act upon its meaning.
1970: Murena revisitado o el mantra de un nombre
Authors: Djament Leonora
Published: March 2023

Héctor A. Murena fue un intelectual subversivo y mesiánico. La propuesta de este artículo es releer los textos que Murena escribió alrededor del año 1970 para rastrear una posible concepción del arte en términos de redención y, así, entender de qué modo bajo el manto de un total escepticismo que parecieran regir sus escritos desde fines de 1940, sus últimos ensayos, sin embargo, construyen una forma específica de la esperanza que le proveen los textos de la tradición jasídicas e islámicas leídos a través de los pensadores frankfurtianos.
Representaciones narrativas y proyecciones utópicas en Megafón, o la guerra de Leopoldo Marechal
Authors: Bravo Herrera Fernanda Elisa
Published: March 2023

Este artículo propone estudiar las representaciones narrativas y las proyecciones utópicas que se inscriben en la novela Megafón, o la guerra (1970) de Leopoldo Marechal. El propósito es analizar las estrategias que contribuyen a sostener el discurso narrativo en diálogo con diferentes tradiciones literarias, con el horizonte sociohistórico y con la escritura de Marechal. De esta manera se espera reconocer la configuración ideológica de esta novela a partir de la dialéctica de dos variables: la metaliteraria y la política. El estudio atiende, entre otras cuestiones, la vinculación de Megafón, o la guerra con el esbozo de la cuarta novela, El empresario del caos, las claves de Adán Buenosayres ofrecidas por el mismo autor y las proyecciones utópicas delineadas.
Tanto y rock en la Argentina de 1970
Authors: Conde Oscar
Published: March 2023

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