bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boundary-directed epitaxy of block copolymers
Authors: Jacobberger Robert M. , Thapar Vikram , Wu Guang-Peng , Chang Tzu-Hsuan , Saraswat Vivek , Way Austin J. , Jinkins Katherine R. , Ma Zhenqiang , Nealey Paul F. , Hur Su-Mi , Xiong Shisheng , Arnold Michael S.
Published: August 2020

Directed self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) enables nanofabrication at sub-10 nm dimensions, beyond the resolution of conventional lithography. However, directing the position, orientation, and long-range lateral order of BCP domains to produce technologically-useful patterns is a challenge. Here, we present a promising approach to direct assembly using spatial boundaries between planar, low-resolution regions on a surface with different composition. Pairs of boundaries are formed at the edges of isolated stripes on a background substrate. Vertical lamellae nucleate at and are pinned by chemical contrast at each stripe/substrate boundary, align parallel to boundaries, selectively propagate from boundaries into stripe interiors (whereas horizontal lamellae form on the background), and register to wide stripes to multiply the feature density. Ordered BCP line arrays with half-pitch of 6.4 nm are demonstrated on stripes >80 nm wide. Boundary-directed epitaxy provides an attractive path towards assembling, creating, and lithographically defining materials on sub-10 nm scales.
The Rad53CHK1/CHK2-Spt21NPAT and Tel1ATM axes couple glucose tolerance to histone dosage and subtelomeric silencing
Authors: Bruhn Christopher , Ajazi Arta , Ferrari Elisa , Lanz Michael Charles , Batrin Renaud , Choudhary Ramveer , Walvekar Adhish , Laxman Sunil , Longhese Maria Pia , Fabre Emmanuelle , Smolka Marcus Bustamente , Foiani Marco
Published: August 2020

The DNA damage response (DDR) coordinates DNA metabolism with nuclear and non-nuclear processes. The DDR kinase Rad53CHK1/CHK2 controls histone degradation to assist DNA repair. However, Rad53 deficiency causes histone-dependent growth defects in the absence of DNA damage, pointing out unknown physiological functions of the Rad53-histone axis. Here we show that histone dosage control by Rad53 ensures metabolic homeostasis. Under physiological conditions, Rad53 regulates histone levels through inhibitory phosphorylation of the transcription factor Spt21NPAT on Ser276. Rad53-Spt21 mutants display severe glucose dependence, caused by excess histones through two separable mechanisms: dampening of acetyl-coenzyme A-dependent carbon metabolism through histone hyper-acetylation, and Sirtuin-mediated silencing of starvation-induced subtelomeric domains. We further demonstrate that repression of subtelomere silencing by physiological Tel1ATM and Rpd3HDAC activities coveys tolerance to glucose restriction. Our findings identify DDR mutations, histone imbalances and aberrant subtelomeric chromatin as interconnected causes of glucose dependence, implying that DDR kinases coordinate metabolism and epigenetic changes.
Histone methyltransferase DOT1L coordinates AR and MYC stability in prostate cancer
Authors: Vatapalli R. , Sagar V. , Rodriguez Y. , Zhao J. C. , Unno K. , Pamarthy S. , Lysy B. , Anker J. , Han H. , Yoo Y. A. , Truica M. , Chalmers Z. R. , Giles F. , Yu J. , Chakravarti D. , Carneiro B. , Abdulkadir S. A.
Published: August 2020

The histone methyltransferase DOT1L methylates lysine 79 (K79) on histone H3 and is involved in Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) fusion leukemogenesis; however, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) is undefined. Here we show that DOT1L is overexpressed in PCa and is associated with poor outcome. Genetic and chemical inhibition of DOT1L selectively impaired the viability of androgen receptor (AR)-positive PCa cells and organoids, including castration-resistant and enzalutamide-resistant cells. The sensitivity of AR-positive cells is due to a distal K79 methylation-marked enhancer in the MYC gene bound by AR and DOT1L not present in AR-negative cells. DOT1L inhibition leads to reduced MYC expression and upregulation of MYC-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligases HECTD4 and MYCBP2, which promote AR and MYC degradation. This leads to further repression of MYC in a negative feed forward manner. Thus DOT1L selectively regulates the tumorigenicity of AR-positive prostate cancer cells and is a promising therapeutic target for PCa.
Impact of lifestyle on cytochrome P450 monooxygenase repertoire is clearly evident in the bacterial phylum Firmicutes
Authors: Padayachee Tiara , Nzuza Nomfundo , Chen Wanping , Nelson David R. , Syed Khajamohiddin
Published: August 2020

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs/P450s), heme thiolate proteins, are well known for their role in organisms’ primary and secondary metabolism. Research on eukaryotes such as animals, plants, oomycetes and fungi has shown that P450s profiles in these organisms are affected by their lifestyle. However, the impact of lifestyle on P450 profiling in bacteria is scarcely reported. This study is such an example where the impact of lifestyle seems to profoundly affect the P450 profiles in the bacterial species belonging to the phylum Firmicutes. Genome-wide analysis of P450s in 972 Firmicutes species belonging to 158 genera revealed that only 229 species belonging to 37 genera have P450s; 38% of Bacilli species, followed by 14% of Clostridia and 2.7% of other Firmicutes species, have P450s. The pathogenic or commensal lifestyle influences P450 content to such an extent that species belonging to the genera Streptococcus, Listeria, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Leuconostoc do not have P450s, with the exception of a handful of Staphylococcus species that have a single P450. Only 18% of P450s are found to be involved in secondary metabolism and 89 P450s that function in the synthesis of specific secondary metabolites are predicted. This study is the first report on comprehensive analysis of P450s in Firmicutes.
High genetic burden of type 2 diabetes can promote the high prevalence of disease: a longitudinal cohort study in Iran
Authors: Moazzam-Jazi Maryam , Najd Hassan Bonab Leila , Zahedi Asiyeh Sadat , Daneshpour Maryam S.
Published: August 2020

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is emerging as one of the serious public health issues in both developed and developing counties. Here, we surveyed the worldwide population differentiation in T2D-associated variants and assessed the genetic burden of the disease in an ongoing Tehran Cardio-Metabolic Genetic Study (TCGS) cohort represented the Iranian population. We found multiple SNPs that were significantly depleted or enriched in at least one of the five populations of 1,000 Genome Project (African, American, East Asian, European, and South Asian) as well as the Iranian population. Interestingly, TCF7L2, a well-known associated gene with T2D, harbors the highest number of enriched risk alleles almost in all populations except for East Asian, where this gene embraces the largest number of significantly depleted risk alleles. The polygenic risk score (PRS) of the enriched risk alleles was calculated for 1,867 diabetic and 2,855 non-diabetic participants in the TCGS cohort, interestingly demonstrating that the risk of developing T2D was almost two times higher in top PRS quintile compared with the lowest quintile after adjusting for other known risk factors.
Segregation analysis of the BRCA2 c.9227G>T variant in multiple families suggests a pathogenic role in breast and ovarian cancer predisposition
Authors: Agata Simona , Tognazzo Silvia , Alducci Elisa , Matricardi Laura , Moserle Lidia , Barana Daniela , Montagna Marco
Published: August 2020

Classification of variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes has a major impact on the clinical management of subjects at high risk for breast and ovarian cancer. The identification of a pathogenic variant allows for early detection/prevention strategies in healthy carriers as well as targeted treatments in patients affected by BRCA-associated tumors. The BRCA2 c.9227G>T p.(Gly3076Val) variant recurs in families from Northeast Italy and is rarely reported in international databases. This variant substitutes the evolutionary invariant glycine 3076 with a valine in the DNA binding domain of the BRCA2 protein, thus suggesting a high probability of pathogenicity. We analysed clinical and genealogic data of carriers from 15 breast/ovarian cancer families in whom no other pathogenic variants were detected. The variant was shown to co-segregate with breast and ovarian cancer in the most informative families. Combined segregation data led to a likelihood ratio of 81,527:1 of pathogenicity vs. neutrality. We conclude that c.9227G>T is a BRCA2 pathogenic variant that recurs in Northeast Italy. It can now be safely used for the predictive testing of healthy family members to guide preventive surgery and/or early tumor detection strategies, as well as for PARP inhibitors treatments in patients with BRCA2-associated tumors.
Optimizing bacteriophage engineering through an accelerated evolution platform
Authors: Favor Andrew H. , Llanos Carlos D. , Youngblut Matthew D. , Bardales Jorge A.
Published: August 2020

The emergence of antibiotic resistance has raised serious concerns within scientific and medical communities, and has underlined the importance of developing new antimicrobial agents to combat such infections. Bacteriophages, naturally occurring bacterial viruses, have long been characterized as promising antibiotic alternatives. Although bacteriophages hold great promise as medical tools, clinical applications have been limited by certain characteristics of phage biology, with structural fragility under the high temperatures and acidic environments of therapeutic applications significantly limiting therapeutic effectiveness. This study presents and evaluates the efficacy of a new accelerated evolution platform, chemically accelerated viral evolution (CAVE), which provides an effective and robust method for the rapid enhancement of desired bacteriophage characteristics. Here, our initial use of this methodology demonstrates its ability to confer significant improvements in phage thermal stability. Analysis of the mutation patterns that arise through CAVE iterations elucidates the manner in which specific genetic modifications bring forth desired changes in functionality, thereby providing a roadmap for bacteriophage engineering.
Estimation of the number of synapses in the hippocampus and brain-wide by volume electron microscopy and genetic labeling
Authors: Santuy Andrea , Tomás-Roca Laura , Rodríguez José-Rodrigo , González-Soriano Juncal , Zhu Fei , Qiu Zhen , Grant Seth G. N. , DeFelipe Javier , Merchan-Perez Angel
Published: August 2020

Determining the number of synapses that are present in different brain regions is crucial to understand brain connectivity as a whole. Membrane-associated guanylate kinases (MAGUKs) are a family of scaffolding proteins that are expressed in excitatory glutamatergic synapses. We used genetic labeling of two of these proteins (PSD95 and SAP102), and Spinning Disc confocal Microscopy (SDM), to estimate the number of fluorescent puncta in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. We also used FIB-SEM, a three-dimensional electron microscopy technique, to calculate the actual numbers of synapses in the same area. We then estimated the ratio between the three-dimensional densities obtained with FIB-SEM (synapses/µm3) and the bi-dimensional densities obtained with SDM (puncta/100 µm2). Given that it is impractical to use FIB-SEM brain-wide, we used previously available SDM data from other brain regions and we applied this ratio as a conversion factor to estimate the minimum density of synapses in those regions. We found the highest densities of synapses in the isocortex, olfactory areas, hippocampal formation and cortical subplate. Low densities were found in the pallidum, hypothalamus, brainstem and cerebellum. Finally, the striatum and thalamus showed a wide range of synapse densities.
Mapping chemotherapeutic drug distribution in cancer cell spheroids using 2D-TOF-SIMS and LESA-TIMS-MS
Authors: Cintron-Diaz Yarixa L. , Acanda de la Rocha Arlet M. , Castellanos Anthony , Chambers Jeremy M. , Fernandez-Lima Francisco
Published: August 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) cancer cell cultures grown in the form of spheroids are effective models for the study ofin vivo-likeprocesses simulating cancer tumor pharmacological dynamics and morphology.
Inclusion of viologen cations leads to switchable metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Cadman Laura K. , Mahon Mary F. , Burrows Andrew D.
Published: August 2020

A series of anionic zinc-based MOFs have been prepared and electron transfer reactions involving the viologen counter-cations studied.
An electrochemical aptasensor based on cocoon-like DNA nanostructure signal amplification for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Bai Huasong , Bu Shengjun , Liu Wensen , Wang Chengyu , Li Zhongyi , Hao Zhuo , Wan Jiayu , Han Ye
Published: August 2020

We developed an electrochemical aptasensor based on cocoon-like DNA nanostructures as signal tags for highly sensitive and selective detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7.
In vivo monitoring of carbonic anhydrase expression during the growth of larval zebrafish: a new environment-sensitive fluorophore for responsive turn-on fluorescence
Authors: Chou Chih-Hung , Wu Chang-Yi , Chen Chun-Lin , Zhou Jun-Qing , Kao Yu-Chen , Chen Hsing-Yin , Lin Po-Chiao
Published: August 2020

A customized DQI fluorophore promises in vivo monitoring of carbonic anhydrase expression during the growth of larval zebrafish by responsive fluorescence enrichment.
High-performance sodium-ion anodes enabled by a low-temperature molten salt approach
Authors: Liu Lei , Sun Jinmeng , Du Zhuzhu , Wang Ke , Liu Yuhang , He Song , Du Hongfang , Ai Wei , Huang Wei
Published: August 2020

A low-temperature, molten salt strategy has been developed for synthesizing N and S co-doped few-layer graphene for high-performance sodium storage.
A perylene diimide-containing acceptor enables high fill factor in organic solar cells
Authors: Ding Kui , Shan Tong , Xu Jinqiu , Li Mengyang , Wang Yan , Zhang Yi , Xie Ziyi , Ma Zaifei , Liu Feng , Zhong Hongliang
Published: August 2020

A fused-ring electron acceptor containing perylene diimide shows an extremely high fill factor of 81.3% in organic solar cells.
Heterotrimetallic {LnOVPt} complexes with antiferromagnetic Ln–V coupling and magnetic memory
Authors: Beach Stephanie A. , Guillet Jesse L. , Lagueux Sydney P. , Perfetti Mauro , Livesay Brooke N. , Shores Matthew P. , Bacon Jeffrey W. , Rheingold Arnold L. , Arnold Polly L. , Doerrer Linda H.
Published: August 2020

PtVO(SOCR)4lantern complexes and Ce(OAr)3or Nd(OAr)3form heterotrimetallic [Ln(OAr)3{PtVO(SOCR)4}] with linear Ln–OVPt linkages; all four exhibit slow magnetic relaxation and likely antiferromagnetic coupling.
Visible light-mediated Smiles rearrangements and annulations of non-activated aromatics
Authors: Lawson Connor A. , Dominey Andrew P. , Williams Glynn D. , Murphy John A.
Published: August 2020

Novel and efficient visible light-mediated Smiles rearrangements and annulations progressingviaa radical-cation intermediate catalytically generated with an acridinium salt.
Cooperativity within the catalyst: alkoxyamide as a catalyst for bromocyclization and bromination of (hetero)aromatics
Authors: Mondal Haripriyo , Sk Md Raja , Maji Modhu Sudan
Published: August 2020

Alkoxyamide has been reported as a catalyst for the activation of N-bromosuccinimide to perform bromocyclization and bromination of a wide range of substrates in a lipophilic solvent with adequate suppression of the background reactions.
Synthesis of polycyclic indoles via organocatalytic bicyclization of α-alkynylnaphthalen-2-ols with nitrones
Authors: Xu Ting , Lin Na , Hao Wen-Juan , Zhang Jie , Li Meng-Fan , Tu Shu-Jiang , Jiang Bo
Published: August 2020

A new organocatalytic bicyclization of α-alkynylnaphthalen-2-ols with nitrones was first reported, leading to the convergent synthesis of polycyclic indoles with substantial substitution diversity in generally good yields.
Visible-light-induced triple catalysis for a ring-opening cyanation of cyclopropyl ketones
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu Xiao-Peng , Wu Hong , Wei Yi , Lu Fu-Dong , Guo Kai-Rui , Cheng Ying , Xiao Wen-Jing
Published: August 2020

A ring-opening cyanation of cyclopropyl ketones was developedviaa synergistic triple catalysis strategy, providing a wide range of γ-cyanoketones in good reaction efficiencies under mild and eco-friendly conditions.
Epitactic growth of celestite on anhydrite: substrate induced twinning and morphological evolution of aggregates
Authors: Forjanes Pablo , Gómez-Barreiro Juan , Morales Juan , Astilleros José Manuel , Fernández-Díaz Lurdes
Published: August 2020

Celestite crystals grow epitaxially on anhydrite surfaces that interact with aqueous solutions bearing Sr. Progressive polygonization and splitting during celestite growth drives to the development of striking crystal morphologies and textures.
A folded ice monolayer
Authors: Xu Ying , Xuan Xiaoyu , Zhang Zhuhua , Guo Wanlin
Published: August 2020

A folded ice with high stability is predicted by means of a novel tiling method augmented with ab initio calculations.
Anchoring of palladium nanoparticles on N-doped mesoporous carbon
Authors: Warczinski Lisa , Hu Bin , Eckhard Till , Peng Baoxiang , Muhler Martin , Hättig Christof
Published: August 2020

Pyridinic nitrogen atoms are preferential adsorption sites for palladium nanoparticles and lead to a change of the Pd oxidation state from Pd0 to Pd2+.
Black TiO2 nanoparticles with efficient photocatalytic activity under visible light at low temperature: regioselective C–N bond cleavage toward the synthesis of thioureas, sulfonamides, and propargylamines
Authors: Koohgard Mehdi , Hosseini-Sarvari Mona
Published: August 2020

Several different colored forms of TiO2 were prepared through the easy treatment of white TiO2 and NaBH4 as a safe hydrogen source. Then, tertiary amines were harnessed toward the regioselective synthesis of three prominent scaffolds.
A multi-responsive chemosensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of Fe3+, Cu2+, Cr2O72− and nitrobenzene based on a luminescent lanthanide metal–organic framework
Authors: Du Yi , Yang Huayong , Liu Ruijuan , Shao Caiyun , Yang Lirong
Published: August 2020

Six Ln-MOFs have been synthesized. Eu-MOF behaves a multi-responsive luminescent chemosensor toward Fe3+, Cu2+, Cr2O72− and nitrobenzene with high sensitivity, selectivity and anti-interference ability. Sensing mechanisms are discussed in detail.
Unique vapochromism of a paddlewheel-type dirhodium complex accompanied by dynamic structural and phase transitions
Authors: Kataoka Yusuke , Kohara Yoshihiro , Yano Natsumi , Kawamoto Tatsuya
Published: August 2020

Paddlewheel-type dirhodium complex exhibits highly selective vapochromic behavior in response to pyridine vapor and undergoes dynamic structural and phase transitions.
Exploratory studies on azido-bridged complexes (Ni2+ and Mn2+) as dual colourimetric chemosensors for S2− and Ag+: combined experimental and theoretical outcomes with real field applications
Authors: Pandit Nithun Ranjan , Bej Sourav , Mondal Ananya , Ghosh Meenakshi , Kostakis George E. , Powell Annie K. , Banerjee Priyabrata , Biswas Biplab
Published: August 2020

We report two isostructural dinuclear transition metal complexes [M2(HL)2(N3)4], where M = Ni2+ (BS-1) or Mn2+ (BS-2) and HL is (2-methyl-2-((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)propan-1-ol) and investigate them as molecular sensors towards hazardous entities.
The protective effects of wine pomace products on the vascular endothelial barrier function
Authors: Gerardi Gisela , Cavia-Saiz Mónica , Rivero-Pérez María D. , González-SanJosé María L. , Muñiz Pilar
Published: August 2020

The Wine Pomace Products (WPP) prevent the increase of endothelial permeability induced by INF-γ and increase E-cadherin expression in the cell junctions.
“Revitalizing” degraded solid oxide fuel cells in sour fuels for bifunctional oxygen catalysis in zinc–air batteries
Authors: Cao Xiaojuan , Yang Ying , Yan Xiaoyu , Geels Norbert J. , Luo Jing-Li , Yan Ning
Published: August 2020

“Trash to treasure”: degraded solid oxide fuel cells can be “revitalized” as high-performance bifunctional catalysts.
Correction: Cell lysis via acoustically oscillating sharp edges
Authors: Wang Zeyu , Huang Po-Hsun , Chen Chuyi , Bachman Hunter , Zhao Shuaiguo , Yang Shujie , Huang Tony J.
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Cell lysis via acoustically oscillating sharp edges’ by Zeyu Wang et al., Lab Chip, 2019, 19, 4021–4032, DOI: 10.1039/C9LC00498J.
Direction observation of the grain boundary segregation in molybdenum substituted lanthanum tungstate membranes
Authors: Ran Ke , Deibert Wendelin , Ivanova Mariya E. , Meulenberg Wilhelm A. , Mayer Joachim
Published: August 2020

Membrane processing induced grain boundary segregation revealed with atomic resolution.
Design of nickel cobalt molybdate regulated by boronizing for high-performance supercapacitor applications
Authors: Zhao Gang , Chen Yumeng , Sun Pengxiao , Hao Shuhua , Wang Xiaoke , Qu Guangmeng , Xing Yupeng , Xu Xijin
Published: August 2020

Here, we have successfully synthesized hierarchical structure by boronizing NixCoyMoO4 nanosheets. Benefitting from the synergistic effect among Ni3B, Ni(BO2)2 and NixCoyMoO4 in hybrid architectures, the electrode material possesses higher energy storage performance.
Facile access to amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes: novel reaction of [60]fullerene with β-substituted propionaldehydes and secondary amines in the absence/presence of magnesium perchlorate
Authors: Li Yun-Fei , Wang Kun , Wang Hui-Juan , Li Fa-Bao , Sun Rui , Li Jia-Xing , Liu Li , Liu Chao-Yang , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: August 2020

Reaction of [60]fullerene with β-substituted propionaldehydes and secondary amines in the absence/presence of magnesium perchlorate afforded a series of novel amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes without/with two additional carbons.
Epoxy-functionalised 4-vinylguaiacol for the synthesis of bio-based, degradable star polymers via a RAFT/ROCOP strategy
Authors: McGuire Thomas M. , Miyajima Masato , Uchiyama Mineto , Buchard Antoine , Kamigaito Masami
Published: August 2020

An epoxy derivative of a naturally occuring vinylphenolic compound, 4-vinylguaiacol, was polymerised using a RAFT/ROCOP strategy and produced ester cross-linked star polymers which could be selectively degraded under acid conditions.
An improved synthesis of poly(amidoamine)s for complexation with self-amplifying RNA and effective transfection
Authors: Gurnani Pratik , Blakney Anna K. , Yeow Jonathan , Bouton Clément R. , Shattock Robin J. , Stevens Molly M. , Alexander Cameron
Published: August 2020

Aza-Michael addition to synthesise poly(amidoamines) was optimised to minimise appearance of bimodal molecular weight distributions caused by a radical-branching side-reaction. This significantly improved cellular delivery of a model self-amplifying RNA vaccine.
Self-assembly and fluorescence emission of UV-responsive azobenzene-containing helical poly(phenyl isocyanide) copolymers
Authors: Li Qian-Wei , Su Yi-Xu , Zou Hui , Chen Yong-Yuan , Zhou Li , Hou Xiao-Hua , Liu Na , Wu Zong-Quan
Published: August 2020

UV-responsive azobenzene-containing helical copolymers were obtained, and their self-assembly and fluorescent properties were investigated.
Aryl urea substituted fatty acids: a new class of protonophoric mitochondrial uncoupler that utilises a synthetic anion transporter
Authors: Rawling Tristan , MacDermott-Opeskin Hugo , Roseblade Ariane , Pazderka Curtis , Clarke Callum , Bourget Kirsi , Wu Xin , Lewis William , Noble Benjamin , Gale Philip A. , O'Mara Megan L. , Cranfield Charles , Murray Michael
Published: August 2020

A new mitochondrial uncoupler that forms membrane permeable dimers through interactions of remote acidic and anion receptor groups.
A direct route to six and seven membered lactones via γ-C(sp3)–H activation: a simple protocol to build molecular complexity
Authors: Das Jayabrata , Dolui Pravas , Ali Wajid , Biswas Jyoti Prasad , Chandrashekar Hediyala B. , Prakash Gaurav , Maiti Debabrata
Published: August 2020

Six and seven membered lactones have been synthesized directly from readily available aliphatic acids.
SOX2 knockdown slows cholangiocarcinoma progression through inhibition of transcriptional activation of lncRNA PVT1
Authors: Yu Aijun , Zhao Luwen , Kang Qingmin , Li Jian , Chen Kai , Fu Hua
Published: August 2020

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has accounted for a high rate of mortality and morbidity in the recent years. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in different cellular environments, including cancer. As such, they have been used as potential targets during CCA therapy. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of lncRNA PVT1 on CCA and its mechanisms behind lncRNA PVT1 regulation. The interactions among SOX2, lncRNA PVT1, miR-186 and SEMA4D were verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were conducted to explore the modulatory effects of SOX2, lncRNA PVT1, miR-186 and SEMA4D on cell viability, migration and invasion of CCA by CCK-8 and Transwell assays. In vivo effects of lncRNA PVT1 or SEMA4D were studied in a nude mouse model. MiR-186 was poorly expressed while SOX2, lncRNA PVT1 and SEMA4D were highly expressed in CCA cells. SOX2 induced the transcriptional activation of lncRNA PVT1 expression to promote proliferation, migration and invasion of CCA cells. LncRNA PVT1 bound to miR-186 and miR-186 was found to target SEMA4D. The overexpression of lncRNA PVT1 and SEMA4D, as well as the inhibition of miR-186 led to elevated CCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In vivo experiments confirmed the inhibitory role of lncRNA PVT1 knockdown or SEMA4D knockdown in CCA. All in all, SOX2 down-regulated miR-186 through the transcriptional activation of lncRNA PVT1, whereas elevating SEMA4D expression, thus promoting the progression of CCA.
miR-29b-3p inhibits post-infarct cardiac fibrosis by targeting FOS
Authors: Xue Yongliang , Fan Xuefang , Yang Ruobing , Jiao Yuanyuan , Li Yang
Published: August 2020

Background: Cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of heart deterioration. Recently, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various cardiovascular diseases associated with cardiac fibrosis have been extensively investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-29b-3p in cardiac fibrosis after MI.

Methods: miR-29b-3p expression in TGF-β1-activated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Trans-well assays were performed to evaluate CFs proliferation and migration ability, respectively. Protein expressions of α-SMA, collagen I, collagen III, MMP2, and MMP9 were examined by Western blot assay. Bioinformatics, luciferase, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were carried out to determine whether FOS was targeted by miR-29b-3p.

Results: TGF-β1 treatment dose-dependently curbed miR-29b-3p expression in CFs. miR-29b-3p restrained the promotive impacts of TGF-β1 on CFs proliferation, migration, and differentiation. FOS was affirmed to be a target of miR-29b-3p, elevated expression of FOS reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-29b-3p on cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation in TGF-β1-activated CFs.

Conclusion: miR-29b-3p degraded the pro-fibrosis effect induced by TGF-β1 via targeting FOS, providing a prospective therapeutic avenue for cardiac fibrosis after MI.
Perceptual and Electrophysiological Correlates of Fixed Versus Moving Sound Source Lateralization
Authors: St. George Barrett Victor , Cone Barbara
Published: August 2020

Purpose

The aims of the study were (a) to evaluate the effects of systematically varied factors of stimulus duration, interaural-level difference (ILD), and direction on perceptual and electrophysiological metrics of lateralization for fixed versus moving targets and (b) to evaluate the hemispheric activity underlying perception of fixed versus moving auditory targets.

Method

Twelve normal-hearing, young adult listeners were evaluated using perceptual and P300 tests of lateralization. Both perceptual and P300 tests utilized stimuli that varied for type (fixed and moving), direction (right and left), duration (100 and 500 ms), and magnitude of ILD (9 and 18 dB). Listeners provided laterality judgments and stimulus-type discrimination (fixed vs. moving) judgments for all combinations of acoustic factors. During P300 recordings, listeners discriminated between left- versus right-directed targets, as the other acoustic parameters were varied.

Results

ILD magnitude and stimulus type had statistically significant effects on laterality ratings, with larger magnitude ILDs and fixed type resulting in greater lateralization. Discriminability between fixed versus moving targets was dependent on stimulus duration and ILD magnitude. ILD magnitude was a significant predictor of P300 amplitude. There was a statistically significant inverse relationship between the perceived velocity of targets and P300 latency. Lateralized targets evoked contralateral hemispheric P300 activity. Moreover, a right-hemisphere enhancement was observed for fixed-type lateralized deviant stimuli.

Conclusions

Perceptual and P300 findings indicate that lateralization of auditory movement is highly dependent on temporal integration. Both the behavioral and physiological findings of this study suggest that moving auditory targets with ecologically valid velocities are processed by the central auditory nervous system within a window of temporal integration that is greater than that for fixed auditory targets. Furthermore, these findings lend support for a left hemispatial perceptual bias and right hemispheric dominance for spatial listening.
Deciphering the Lyman α blob 1 with deep MUSE observations
Authors: Herenz Edmund Christian , Hayes Matthew , Scarlata Claudia
Published: August 2020

Context. Lyman α blobs (LABs) are large-scale radio-quiet Lyman α (Lyα) nebula at high-z that occur predominantly in overdense proto-cluster regions. In particular, there is the prototypical SSA22a-LAB1 at z = 3.1, which has become an observational reference for LABs across the electromagnetic spectrum.

Aims. We want to understand the powering mechanisms that drive the LAB so that we may gain empirical insights into the galaxy-formation processes within a rare dense environment at high-z. Thus, we need to infer the distribution, the dynamics, and the ionisation state of LAB 1’s Lyα emitting gas.

Methods. LAB 1 was observed for 17.2 h with the VLT/MUSE integral-field spectrograph. We produced optimally extracted narrow band images, in Lyαλ1216, He IIλ1640, and we tried to detect C IVλ1549 emission. By utilising a moment-based analysis, we mapped the kinematics and the line profile characteristics of the blob. We also linked the inferences from the line profile analysis to previous results from imaging polarimetry.

Results. We map Lyα emission from the blob down to surface-brightness limits of ≈6 × 10−19 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2. At this depth, we reveal a bridge between LAB 1 and its northern neighbour LAB 8, as well as a shell-like filament towards the south of LAB 1. The complexity and morphology of the Lyα profile vary strongly throughout the blob. Despite the complexity, we find a coherent large-scale east-west velocity gradient of ∼1000 km s−1 that is aligned perpendicular to the major axis of the blob. Moreover, we observe a negative correlation of Lyα polarisation fraction with Lyα line width and a positive correlation with absolute line-of-sight velocity. Finally, we reveal He II emission in three distinct regions within the blob, however, we can only provide upper limits for C IV.

Conclusions. Various gas excitation mechanisms are at play in LAB 1: ionising radiation and feedback effects dominate near the embedded galaxies, while Lyα scattering contributes at larger distances. However, He II/Lyα ratios combined with upper limits on C IV/Lyα are not able to discriminate between active galactic nucleus ionisation and feedback- driven shocks. The alignment of the angular momentum vector parallel to the morphological principal axis appears to be at odds with the predicted norm for high-mass halos, but this most likely reflects that LAB 1 resides at a node of multiple intersecting filaments of the cosmic web. LAB 1 can thus be thought of as a progenitor of a present-day massive elliptical within a galaxy cluster.
Interferometric study on the temporal variability of the brightness distributions of protoplanetary disks
Authors: Kobus J. , Wolf S. , Ratzka T. , Brunngräber R.
Published: August 2020

Context. Optical and infrared spatially unresolved multi-epoch observations have revealed the variability of pre-main sequence stars and/or their environment. Moreover, structures in orbital motion around the central star, resulting from planet-disk interaction, are predicted to cause temporal variations in the brightness distributions of protoplanetary disks. Through repeated observations of pre-main sequence stars with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) over nearly two decades, the ESO Archive has become a treasure chest containing unprecedented high-resolution multi-epoch near- and mid-infrared observations of the potential planet-forming regions in protoplanetary disks.

Aims. We aim to investigate whether the existing multi-epoch observations provide evidence for the variability of the brightness distributions of the innermost few astronomical units of protoplanetary disks and to quantify any variations detected.

Methods. We present different approaches to search for evidence of temporal variations based on multi-epoch observations obtained with the VLTI instruments PIONIER, AMBER, and MIDI for 68 pre-main sequence stars.

Results. For nine objects in our sample, multi-epoch data obtained using equal baselines are available that allow us to directly detect variations in the visibilities due to temporally variable brightness distributions. Significant variations of the near-infrared visibilities obtained in different epochs with PIONIER and/or AMBER for HD 50138, DX Cha, HD 142527, V856 Sco, HD 163296, and R CrA were found. HD 37806, TW Hya, and CPD-36 6759 show no significant variations. By estimating the impact of a small variation of the baseline on the measured squared visibilities, we are able to compare the data of another 12 pre-main sequence stars. Thereby, we find evidence for temporal variations of the brightness distribution of one additional object, AK Sco. Besides the two binaries DX Cha and AK Sco, HD 50138 and V856 Sco also show signs of variability caused by variations of asymmetric structures in the brightness distribution.
A detailed view on the circumstellar environment of the M-type AGB star EP Aquarii
Authors: Homan Ward , Cannon Emily , Montargès Miguel , Richards Anita M. S. , Millar Tom J. , Decin Leen
Published: August 2020

Cool evolved stars are known to be significant contributors to the enrichment of the interstellar medium through their dense and dusty stellar winds. High resolution observations of these outflows have shown them to possess high degrees of morphological complexity. We observed the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star EP Aquarii with ALMA in band 6 and VLT/SPHERE/ZIMPOL in four filters the visible. Both instruments had an angular resolution of 0.025″. These are follow-up observations to the lower-resolution 2016 ALMA analysis of EP Aquarii, which revealed that its wind possesses a nearly face-on, spiral-harbouring equatorial density enhancement, with a nearly pole-on bi-conical outflow. At the base of the spiral, the SiO emission revealed a distinct emission void approximately 0.4″ to the west of the continuum brightness peak, which was proposed to be linked to the presence of a companion. The new ALMA data better resolve the inner wind and reveal that its morphology as observed in CO is consistent with hydrodynamical companion-induced perturbations. Assuming that photodissociation by the UV-field of the companion is responsible for the emission void in SiO, we deduced the spectral properties of the tentative companion from the size of the hole. We conclude that the most probable companion candidate is a white dwarf with a mass between 0.65 and 0.8 M⊙, though a solar-like companion could not be definitively excluded. The radial SiO emission shows periodic, low-amplitude perturbations. We tentatively propose that they could be the consequence of the interaction of the AGB wind with another much closer low-mass companion. The polarised SPHERE/ZIMPOL data show a circular signal surrounding the AGB star with a radius of ∼0.1″. Decreased signal along a PA of 138° suggests that the dust is confined to an inclined ring-like structure, consistent with the previously determined wind morphology.
Curiosity Mars methane measurements are not confused by ozone
Authors: Webster Christopher R. , Mahaffy Paul R. , Atreya Sushil K. , Flesch Gregory J. , Malespin Charles A. , Vasavada Ashwin R.
Published: August 2020

In the detection of methane in the atmosphere of Mars by the Tunable Laser Spectrometer on the Sample Analysis at Mars (TLS-SAM) on the Curiosity rover, the possibility of confusing ozone lines with those of methane is ruled out by the ultrahigh spectral resolution of the instrument. Even at the low background levels of methane (∼0.5 ppbv) detected by ingesting the atmosphere over a CO2 scrubber (Linde 13X) that enriches the methane abundance relative to CO2 by 25 times, the recorded TLS spectra show no presence of, and therefore no interference by, ozone lines. If O3 lines were to appear in the TLS spectra, they would be readily distinguishable from those of CH4. The inability of TLS-SAM to detect ozone spectral lines above its noise levels is consistent with a report that O3 decomposes in the presence of Linde 13X material, so that it would not arrive at the TLS sample cell in a significant quantity. With the exact enrichment factor for ozone undetermined, TLS-SAM is unable to produce meaningful upper limits to the atmospheric ozone abundance.
Processing parameters Optimization of Injection Moulding in DN20 Vent of Water Meter Manufacturing
Authors: Sateesh N. , Reddy S. Devakar , Subbiah Ram , Nagaraju D. Siva , Nookaraju BCh
Published: August 2020

The conventional optimization process in Injection Moulding includes actual shop floor trials in which melt temperature, mould temperature, injection time, injection pressure, pattern, feeder size, shape and location cores, mould layout, gating etc. are changed in each iteration which involves high machining cost, tooling cost, modification cost, melting cost, and transportation cost as well as, materials, energy, time are wasted in each trial until and unless the required results are obtained. Water meter component (DN20 Vent) is designed in CREO 5.0, and then components are 3D printed to cross check the dimensions and also to confirm whether all the other components can be accommodated or not. Then the mould flow analysis will be performed on a water meter components using different materials and changing the processing parameters. The input processing parameters considered are melt temperature, mould temperature and injection time, whereas the responses are warpage, volumetric shrinkage, cycle time and quality prediction. Grey relational analysis is carried out to determine the optimum injection moulding processing parameters.. The effort has been made to minimize the warpage, volumetric shrinkage, cycle time and maximize the quality prediction mould cavity and core for the components are designed in CREO 5.0 and manufactured using P20 tool steel. Then the water meter components are manufactured by inputting the optimal processing parameters in injection moulding machine to achieve high productivity and quality.
A Fractional Order Control Strategy for LFC via Big Bang Big Crunch & Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Padhan Dola Gobinda , Nawaz Syed Sarfaraz , Ravikanth Padmanabhuni
Published: August 2020

The Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) is well known meta-heuristic algorithm and has been previously used for optimization of various conventional PID and FOPID controllers. This paper deals with the application of Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm and internal model control (IMC) for optimization of fractional order PID (FOPID) controller parameters to the load disturbance of system. This is applicable for one (or) single area non reheated electrical system. The simulation results are compared with the non re-heated Big Bang Big Crunch (BBBC) optimization outputs. In this paper, BBBC optimization has the two bounding cases (lower & upper), they are before and after the perturbation cases. Also it is observed that in case of the BBBC output responses, the settling time value of load frequency is more when compared with the GWO. From the simulation results it is concluded that GWO out performs as compared with BBBC as it produces less error and settling time.
Turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of heated rectangular blocks encountered in electronics enclosures
Authors: Nookaraju B Ch
Published: August 2020

Computational investigation of steady, two-dimensional heat transfer attributes for forced convective chaotic discharge in a vertical channel of cluster of heated rectangular sections is performed. The discharge is deemed to be periodic fully developed so that the issue is determined for two extending zone and explanation is developed to more number of sections. This structure reproduces the driven convective cooling of a cluster of engraved circuit panels confronted in computerize belongings. Two mathematical statements for k- ℇ model is used for modeling for the turbulence and the finite volume methodology is used. Computations are performed for Reynolds numbers ranging from 6000-12000, Prandtl number of 0.7 and various geometric parameters characterizing the problem. As Reynolds number steps up the Nusselt Number increases. Re-circulations undermine the local Nusselt number when matched with comparing variation from a identical plate. The velocity contours, temperature distributions, variation of turbulent kinetic energy and kinetic energy dissipation rates in a vertical channel is found. With the blocks in the cluster, pressure fall is higher in resemblance to plane duct.
Optimization of TriboelectricNanogenerator for Small Power Electronics
Authors: Mainra Jashan Kumar , Kaur Akshpreet , Sapra Gaurav
Published: August 2020

TriboelectricNanogenerators (TENGs) is a new era energy source to power portable small electronic devices. This paper presents the fabrication of vertical contact separation mode TENGs. Three different TENGs device prototypes are fabricated: (1) Kapton-Aluminium; (2) Teflon-Aluminium and (3) Room Temperature Vulcanizing (RTV)-Aluminium. To optimize the performance of TENGs the effect of various parameters such as thickness of dielectric layer, contact time between two layers and contact separation movement of layers have been observed. Experimental result demonstrates that the output voltage increases initially and then decreases with the increase in thickness of dielectric layer. It is also reported that output voltage of TENGs decreases and increases with the increase in contact time and contact separation movement respectively. In this work, an output voltage obtained from TENGs is suitable to drive applications based on small power electronics.
Emerging trend in manufacturing of 3D biomedical components using selective laser sintering: A review
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Mustafa Ali syed Gazanfar
Published: August 2020

Additive manufacturing (also known as 3D printing) process is an emerging technique for the fabrication of biomedical components. Selective laser sintering or melting is one of the widely used additive printing technology for manufacturing of metallic and non-metallic components used in the industry. This review paper presents, a summary of the published research papers on the fabrication of biomedical components using selective laser sintering technique. Therefore, author meticulously attempted to investigate individual biocompatible material-wise review which includes Ti6Al4V, Ti-7.5 Mo alloy, β-Ti35Zr28Nb, PEEK, PA2200, and Polyamide/Hydroxyapatite. In addition, this article also explores the effects of the various laser sintering process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, density of the material on the mechanical properties, tribological properties, porosity and surface roughness of the fabricated alloy. Moreover, the author also investigated challenges and future prospective of the laser processing of biomedical implants.
A Sustainable Study on Permeable Concrete using Bagasse Ash and Rice Husk Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement
Authors: Vanathi Dr. , Radhika Dr.K , Swetha Ms. G.
Published: August 2020

Permeable concrete is a special concrete which consists of cement, coarse aggregate and water. Due to rapid growth of globalization and urbanization, the construction of concrete roads increasing day by day which leads to decrease in percolation of storm water, surface runoff occurring to the decrease in ground water table. In previous concrete, single sized aggregate is used to maintain the void ratio in the concrete. The cement paste is bonded with aggregate with a void ratio of 20%. In this investigation, concrete of M20 grade with water cement ratio of 0.38 is used. The properties of concrete were increased by using Rice husk ash and Bagasse ash in changed percentages (10%, 20%, 30%) by weight of cement and with the combination of rice husk ash and bagasse ash 10% (5%RA + 5%BA), 20%(10%RA+10%BA), 30%(15%RA+15%BA) are used. The compressive strength of cubes, split tensile of cylinders are casted, tested after 7 days and 28 days. After testing, the optimum percentages of replacement of admixtures are found in the Permeable concrete. Therefore the strength and durability properties of permeable concrete with the addition of bagasse ash and rice husk ash with partial replacement of cement are compared with conventional concrete.
Feasibility Study of Recycled Plastic Waste as Fine Aggregate in Concrete
Authors: Gopi K. Sai , Srinivas Dr. T. , Raju V S. P.
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, Environmental concern towards plastic waste rises because of its low degradability and creating problems like chunking sewer lines, drainages, waterways, filling landfills, health problems, etc. The best approach is recycling and reuses plastic waste. Increase in the production of plastic day by day but, very little was recycled. On the other hand, huge demand for concrete in the construction industry. Utilization of recycled plastic waste in the production of sustainable concrete by partial replacement of fine aggregate. This study has been investigated the utilization of two types of recycled plastic waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Polypropylene (PP) as fine aggregate in concrete. M30 grade of concrete has been used by partial replacement of fine aggregate (River Sand) with recycled plastic waste in the percentage of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25. The workability and compressive strength results are checked to find the acceptable percentage of incorporation of PET and PP in concrete. From the results, it is observed that the workability is decreased as the percentage of recycled plastic waste is increased. The Optimum Percentage of replacement of PET is 10%. PP has shown a marginal reduction in compressive strength for 5% replacement.