bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness about hepatitis-B, among the nurses of Shri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital (SMHS), Srinagar – a tertiary care hospital: a cross sectional study
Authors: Ajaz Khushdil , Dar Abdul Hamid , Ashraf Ambrine
Published: March 2021

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) represent high risk population for viral hepatitis infection. This study sought to assess the knowledge of HCWs of Shri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital regarding hepatitis B infection.Methods: In this hospital based cross-sectional study, 104 HCWs (nurses) from Shri Maharaja Hari Singh hospital, Srinagar were invited to participate in the study and after taking informed written consent were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.Results: A total of 104 HCWs responded to the study. Majority of the study subjects had satisfactory knowledge about hepatitis B viral infection. Majority (>80%) of respondents had adequate knowledge about the nature of disease. Regarding transmission and prevention 100% of respondents agreed to the fact that blood transfusion had a role in spread of hepatitis B and that it can be prevented by vaccines.Conclusions: More than half (about 51.9 percent) of study subjects were not vaccinated for hepatitis B infection despite of being aware about the spread through needle stick injury. Appropriate educational and health promotion programmes should be implemented to increase the level of preventive practices on hepatitis B among the HCWs.
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among the general public in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kanagavelu Aravind Sunderavel Kumaravel
Published: March 2021

Background: COVID-19 has caused around a million deaths throughout the world and despite the prompt lockdown and rigorous efforts from the government and health authorities, the case numbers in India were still staggering. To explore this furthermore, our study was formulated and aimed to find out the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among the public in Tamil Nadu.Methods: A cross-sectional, online survey on the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted among the public from 21st July 2020 to 3rd August 2020. The survey questionnaire was semi-structured with questions split into four categories on bio-social variables and questions assessing the KAP towards COVID-19. The data analysis was done using RStudio and Jamovi software and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Among the 1008 valid responses, the knowledge was higher among the degree holders, the HCWs and those living in apartments, compared to their respective counterparts. With the increase in age, the attitude was more positive. Degree holders, HCWs and working participants had better practice habits than their respective peers. Knowledge, attitude and practice were significantly correlated with each other.Conclusions: It is evident from our study that better knowledge leads to a positive attitude and in turn reflects on better practice. Our study also revealed how education can be an effective tool in awareness and timely adaptation which might help health authorities to formulate plans based on the areas of improvement.
Prevalence of depression and associated factors among rural elderly, residing in field practice area of a private medical college in South India: a cross sectional study
Authors: R. Pandiyan K. , T. Gopinath T. , C. Punitha V. , Selvaraj Kokila , M. Sakthivel
Published: March 2021

Background: Ageing is inevitable and is associated with deterioration in health status. Aging process can affect the physical health and mental wellbeing can also be at stake. Depression is most common among these mental disorders with a prevalence ranging from 11.6% to 31.1% in India. It becomes important to assess the burden of mental health problems in the community especially in rural areas where the knowledge is less. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression among the elderly population residing in rural field practice area of a Private Medical College and assess factors influencing the same.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly (>60 years) residing in the 5 villages in the rural field practice area. Sample size was calculated, and 354 elders were recruited for the study by 2 stage sampling technique. Geriatric depression scale 30 was used to assess their depression status.Results: Out of 354 elders 63.84% of them had no depression, 25.70% of them had mild and 10.45% had severe depression. Factors like illiteracy, widowers, elderly sleeping <6 hours and consumption of addictive >20 years where found to be positively associated with depression (p<0.05).Conclusions: This study shows high prevalence of depression among the rural elderly people and is significantly associated with illiteracy and widowers.
Knowledge and practices towards cervical cancer prevention and HPV vaccination among MBBS graduates
Authors: Bansal Kanika , Ranjan Ravish , Rajput Meena , . Shiba
Published: March 2021

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and second most common cancer in Indian women. Three vaccines against HPV have been approved by WHO. As preventing cancer with the help of a vaccine is a new concept, awareness and education will have important implications in its implementation. This study was done with objective to assess the knowledge and practices of cervical cancer prevention and HPV vaccination among MBBS graduates.Methods: It was descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in Intern hostel, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak on 211 MBBS graduates, who were completing their internship in December 2018. A pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire was used as study tool.Results: 73.27%, 76.24% and 97.03% answered correctly that smoking, early marriage and multiple sexual partners are risk factors of cervical cancer, respectively whereas 96.04% study participants were aware that cervical cancer is a preventable disease and 93.07% participants were aware that a vaccine is available for it in India. 60.40% felt that insufficient information was biggest obstacle in HPV vaccination. 44.55% study participants had recommended HPV vaccination to patients whereas only 8.9% had been vaccinated themselves. Female study participants were found to be practicing HPV vaccination significantly more than their male counterparts.Conclusions: A good percentage of MBBS graduates had knowledge about various aspects of HPV, however knowledge may not translate into practice. So, Continued education and reinforcement of knowledge is the need of the hour.
Pattern of blood requisition and utilization in a tertiary care hospital: a chart review study
Authors: Rafique Mohammed , Singh Laisangbam Tarakishwor , Meetei N. Ranabrata , Konjengbam Shantibala , Akoijam Brogen Singh
Published: March 2021

Background: There is a tendency to order more units of blood than what are actually needed. As blood being finite and recognition of a high rate of inappropriate use, there is a need to monitor and regulate it. It can be done by the analysis of blood requisitions. This study was done to analyze the pattern of blood requisition and utilization in a tertiary care hospital considering the lack of such studies conducted.Methods: A chart review was conducted during April to May, 2020 to analyse 5601 blood requisitions made during April 2019 to March 2020 in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, RIMS Imphal. Data abstraction form was used to abstract data and it was analyzed in IBM Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.Results: Out of total 5601 blood requisitions, 52.8% were made for female. Nearly one-fifth (18.4%) of the requisitions were for 50-59 years. Of the blood group, A+ (33.4%) was the commonest. Nearly one-third (32.4%) of blood units requested were from the Medicine Department. Anemia (71.6%) was the most common indication. Out of total 5601 requisitions, 4727 (84.4%) were made for packed RBC, 258 (4.6%) for FFP, 232 (4.1%) for platelets and 44 (0.8%) for whole blood. Majority (14.1%) of requisitions were made during the month of July. Replacement was the commonest mode of issue of blood.Conclusions: Predominant blood requisitions were made for A+ blood group. PRBC constitute majority of the blood requisition. Majority of the requisitions were made from medicine department.
Satisfaction among the nursing teachers with web-based teaching during COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Saini Sushma Kumari , Kaur Sukhpal , Sharma Nitasha , Kalyan Geetanjli , Das Karobi
Published: March 2021

Background: The outbreak of COVID 19 led to the closure of all educational institutions worldwide. The teachers and students had to face a number of challenges because of the sudden change in the educational system and to ensure safety of public. To assess the satisfaction of nursing teachers with Web-Based teaching after the shift from traditional teaching to online teaching in the COVID 19 and related restrictionsMethods: An online survey was conducted amongst the teachers working in various nursing colleges in the Northern region of India. Standarized scale, an Online Faculty Satisfaction Survey (OFSS) consisting of 36 questions was used to collect the data through google form. The teachers were provided the online link on their WhatsApp or email to fill-up the questionnaire. One hundred fifty-nine teachers responded back. Ethical aspects were given due considerations.Results: The mean age (years) ±S.D. of the participants was 34±10.1. Maximum (96.2) were females. Majority (93.1) of the teachers were satisfied with online teaching. Only 3.8% teachers were highly satisfied with online teaching. Around 3/4th agreed that they are satisfied with the online environment's flexibility and that the technology for online teaching is reliable. The most liked features/advantages were the ability to take courses even in this global pandemic. The least liked feature/disadvantages were poor connectivity in remote areas, technical problems, unsafe and losing personal information, lack of face-to-face interaction, and difficulty assessing students' response and attention.Conclusions: Most of the teachers were satisfied with online teaching though few reported about connectivity problems. There is a need to develop various institutional mechanisms viz structured training, technical support, and effective online evaluation systems to run the online educational system properly.
Analysis of the risk factors in SARS-CoV-2: gender and age
Authors: Sanghai A. A. , Khan Vikram , Zala D. B. , Das V. K.
Published: March 2021

Age and gender are key indicators of health to understand the extent to which outbreaks affect a specific age group or gender. Therefore, the present study was conducted to know whether gender equality in SARS-CoV-2 infections prevails across different age groups in the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district of the UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India. The secondary data were collected up to 21st September 2020 through public health surveillance activities undertaken by, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme, UT of the Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu. Till date, a total of 37.89 thousand samples were tested for detection of SARS-CoV-2. Only 1429 (3.76%) samples were found positive for SARS-CoV-2. Out of total positive cases, 71.38% were male and 28.62 % were female. The maximum case was encountered in the working-age group (between 19 to 50 years). However, the highest positivity rate (8.5%) was encountered in the age group of more than 50 years.
Epidemiology, pattern and prevalence of alcohol consumption in India: need for public health action
Authors: S. Jagadeesan , Patel Pranav
Published: March 2021

As we enter the year 2021, health and population related data related to the pattern, prevalence and epidemiological dimensions of alcohol consumption and its harmful use in Indian sub-continent needs time bound update. A non-systematic narrative review was attempted to identify consistent scientific and gray literature on the prevalence, pattern and repercussions on the alcohol consumption status among Indian adults and children. As the nation has no unified data system on the substance use behaviour of it's residents, the review involved inclusion of the latest research articles from each state/ union territory being collected from an active search from PubMed, Google scholar and Europe PMC. Prevalence of alcohol consumption in India ranged from 10% to 60% with a predominant male predilection in agreement with previous studies. Peer pressure was perceived to be the most influential factor in promoting alcohol use with social occasions, urban background, family celebrations and ‘staying away from family’ playing additional role. Mere awareness of alcohol related complications was not assessed in most of the research items. Public health and administrative policies need to be focussed strongly reducing the free availability of alcohol among diverse geographical regions of the country.  Policies and programmes are likely to be more effective if population heterogeneity is considered, and do address the wide range of modifiable risk and promoting factors at individual, community and social levels. Bringing public awareness with conventional and newer digital media will be contributive for both social and national productivity.
Impacto del COVID-19 en el desarrollo de infraestructura en América Latina y el Caribe y el rol de las asociaciones público-privadas en tiempos de crisis en la región
Authors: Jaramillo Pablo , Streubel Laura
Published: March 2021

Con el apoyo de Gobiernos e instituciones de investigación de América Latina y el Caribe, desde el BID desarrollamos en 2020 la Red de Análisis y Buenas Prácticas en Asociaciones Público-Privadas (Red APP), con el objetivo de mejorar el desarrollo de infraestructura en la región en términos de calidad, sostenibilidad, competitividad, y eficiencia. La Red APP nace con el objetivo de A) conectar las demandas públicas de conocimiento con la investigación aplicada desarrollada (en otras palabras, que los trabajos analíticos en materia de APPs respondan a lo que los desarrolladores de políticas y proyectos quieren saber sobre qué funciona y qué no); B) sistematizar la información: mediante la generación de información sistematizada para el análisis de proyectos, desde las decisiones de inversión hasta las de financiamiento; C) generar y coordinar la evidencia existente: mediante el desarrollo de trabajos analíticos a partir de información pública disponible generada por la red, así como conectar la investigación aplicada regional para potenciar sinergias en la generación de conocimiento. A comienzos de 2020, y partir de una Consulta Pública a Gobiernos de la región, se determinaron una serie de temas de interés comunes en el desarrollo de infraestructura mediante APP en torno a cinco grandes áreas: Regulación e Institucionalidad, Factibilidad y Estructuración de Proyectos Sostenibles, Financiamiento de Proyectos, Gestión de Riesgos y Monitoreo, y Evaluación, Desempeño e Impacto. El presente trabajo “Impacto del COVID-19 en el desarrollo de infraestructura en América Latina y el Caribe y el rol de las Asociaciones Público-Privadas en tiempos de crisis en la región” responde a dicha demanda y ha sido seleccionado dentro de una categoría excepcional sobre la coyuntura generada por la pandemia, a través de una convocatoria competitiva de propuestas.
Graft epithelial mapping following penetrating keratoplasty using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt, Arfeen Shaimaa A , Khalil Noha M ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt, Nassar Ghada A ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
Published: March 2021

AIM: To evaluate the changes in corneal epithelial thickness in corneal grafts following penetrating keratoplasty (PK) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to determine the role of epithelial thickness mapping in the early detection of graft rejection.
METHODS: This prospective comparative observational study included 20 patients (20 eyes) who underwent PK as study group and 16 patients (16 eyes) as control group. Corneal epithelial thickness mapping using AS-OCT was performed at 2wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively. The parameters of epithelial thickness and distribution at the 3mo were compared to 16 patients (16 eyes) with allograft rejection following PK.
RESULTS: There was significant decline in the superior, inferior, maximum, and minimum epithelial thickness values of the study group at 1mo compared to 2wk (P=0.0004, 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.04 respectively) with no significant differences at 3mo compared to 1mo (P=0.4, 0.1, 0.8) respectively. Percentage of reduction in epithelial thickness was significantly higher than that of stromal thickness at 1mo compared to 2wk (P=0.04). The epithelial thickness maps showed a similar pattern of epithelial thickness distribution in the study group and in the rejection group showing considerable corneal edema. However, the allograft rejection group showed irregular pattern of epithelial thickness distribution in patients showing relatively higher central corneal thickness (CCT) as measured by pachymetry map.
CONCLUSION: Quantitative assessment of graft epithelial remodeling following PK shows early changes that contribute to significant corneal graft thickness changes. Changes in corneal epithelial thickness and pattern of distribution could be used as an indicator for corneal graft rejection.
Histopathological analysis of the correlation between uveal melanomas and retinal tissue
Authors:   Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Zhang Ju , Li Bin ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Key Laboratory, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Xu Xiao-Lin ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Key Laboratory, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Jonas Jost Bruno Hermann ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim 69115, Germany
Published: March 2021

AIM: To analyze the impacts of the shape of uveal melanoma on retinal structure.
METHODS: Histopathological sections and clinical data from patients with uveal melanoma were retrospectively observed and analyzed, and key indicators including the tumor’s shape, size, height-to-base ratio, retinal thinning and retinal invasion were analyzed.
RESULTS: The study included 102 patients (102 eyes) with a mean age of 45.6±12.4y, with 76 (75%) uveal melanomas showing the spindle cell type, 6 (6%) showing the epitheloid cell type, 16 (16%) showing the mixed cell type and 4 (4%) showing predominantly other cell types. Differentiated by tumor locations: 3 cases of ciliary body melanoma (2.9%), 28 cases of ciliary body and choroid melanoma (27.5%), 71 cases of choroid melanoma (69.6%). Retinal thinning was detected in 43 (43%) eyes and retinal invasion by the tumor cells in 86 (84%) eyes. Maximal tumor height ranged between 1.2 and 15.6 (mean: 8.3±3.6) mm, and mean maximal tumor base diameter was 17.3±6.5 (range: 4.8-31.2) mm. Mean R-value as ratio of tumor peak height to maximal tumor base diameter was 0.53±0.32. Mean R-value was significantly higher in the group with retinal thinning (n=43) than in the group without retinal thinning (n=59; 0.69±0.31 vs 0.42±0.27; P<0.01). R-value was slightly, however statistically not significantly (P=0.09) higher in the group with retinal tumor invasion (n=86) than without retinal tumor invasion (n=16) (0.56±0.33 vs 0.41±0.25).
CONCLUSION: A high R-value indicating a prominent tumor is associated with tissue thinning in the adjacent retina, and marginally significantly with intra-retinal tumor cell invasion. Shape of uveal melanomas’s corss section is of importance for the secondary involvement of the adjacent retina.
Evaluation of the changes in choroidal thickness in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy as measured by optical coherence tomography
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Fayoum University, Fayoum 11435, Egypt, Hatata Ragai Magdy , Sadek Sherin Hassan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Fayoum University, Fayoum 11435, Egypt
Published: March 2021

AIM: To study the changes in choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) over a 3mo follow-up using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
METHODS: This prospective study included 60 eyes, both eyes of 20 patients (mean age: 33.65±5.24y) with classic acute unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy and normal fellow eye and 20 eyes as healthy controls. Fluorescein angiography and OCT were done. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), central macular thickness (CMT), 1000 μm temporal and nasal to the centre of the fovea and the subretinal fluid were measured.
RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in SFCT among the three groups at the three different locations. SFCT in eyes with CSCR (372.40±34.39 μm) was significantly greater than that in each of the unaffected fellow eyes (302.10±8.9 μm) and control eyes (279.80±14.49 μm) at the base line and after 3mo follow-up. The mean CMT in CSCR was 317±141.86 μm, with a statistically significant positive correlation between SFCT and CMT.
CONCLUSION: The increase in the choroidal thickness at different locations as well as hyper-dilated and hyper-permeable vessels known as “pachychoroid” seems to play an important role in a broad spectrum of diseases that includes central serous chorioretinopathy.
Prevalence of inherited color vision deficiency among male school teenagers in Nablus, Palestine
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine, Shehadeh Mohammad M. , Aghbar Ammar A. ,   Department of Ophthalmology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine, Salman Mu'ath ,   Rafedia Governmental Hospital, Nablus, Palestine, Labadi Liana ,   Department of Ophthalmology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
Published: March 2021

AIM: To find out the prevalence of inherited color vision deficiency (CVD) among Palestinian male-school children aged 14-18 and compare it with other eastern and western countries.
METHODS: Six hundred and thirty-four male subjects (n=634) aged 14-18 from Palestinian Governorate of Nablus were randomly selected and screened using Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates. Subjects who failed Ishihara screening were tested further with computer software of Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test.
RESULTS: Out of the 634 male participants, 597 were included in the study and 8.0% of them (48 males) demonstrated red-green CVD. 5.4%, 2.3% and 0.3% of the 48 males exhibited deutan, protan and total color vision deficiency (monochromacy), respectively.
CONCLUSION: The results show that the prevalence of red-green CVD among the male school children from Palestinian Governorate of Nablus is not significantly different from that of male populations in nearby and Western countries.
Research progress on cell signal transduction pathway mediating age-related cataract
Authors:   Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China, Wang Zhong-Ying , Liu Shan-He ,   Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China, Li Si-Jia ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China, Zheng Gui-Qian ,   Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China, Ma Xu ,   Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Health Department, Beijing 100081, China, Hu Shan-Shan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China
Published: March 2021

Age-related cataract is a blinding eye disease that affects vision due to opacity of intraocular lens, ranking first in the world. Under oxidative stress, the activation of apoptosis related signal transduction pathways in lens epithelial cells is the main mechanism mediating age-related cataract. There are many related signaling pathways for apoptosis, and it is a complex network system. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize different apoptotic cell signal transduction pathways that mediate age-related cataract, laying the foundation for further researching.
Effects of sunlight on the eye
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China, Liu Zhen-Zhen , Yu Tong-Yong ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China, Ma Guo-Shu ,   Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Eye-protection Lamp, Guangdong Guangyang Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528415, Guangdong Province, China, Huang Xiang-Yu ,   Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Eye-protection Lamp, Guangdong Guangyang Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528415, Guangdong Province, China, Yu De-Ying ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China, Lin Hao-Tian ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
Published: March 2021

Sunlight consists of lights of continuous spectra. Ultraviolet light and blue light in the sunlight have higher energy. High dose exposure to sunlight can cause direct cellular damage. In the eye, sunlight is known to cause pathological changes in various eye structures. We reviewed the studies on the role of sunlight in corneal diseases, cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration in recent years. Possible sunlight-triggered signaling pathways and mechanisms in the eye are summarized. Excessive exposure to sunlight may lead to increased DNA damage, aberrant protein modification and aggregation, and oxidative stress of ocular tissues, and thus results in the development of ocular diseases. Accordingly, physical protection, topical and/or oral antioxidants and small molecules blocking sunlight-activated signal pathways could be used independently or combinedly to prevent and reduce sunlight-induced ocular damages.
Efecto de las variables meteorológicas sobre la antracnosis (Colletotrichum acutatum) de la lima ácida Tahití en el piedemonte llanero, Colombia
Authors: Mogollón-Ortiz Ángela María , López-Cardona Nathali , Orduz-Rodríguez Javier Orlando
Published: March 2021

La antracnosis (Colletotrichum acutatum) reduce considerablemente el rendimiento de los cítricos. Los síntomas de la enfermedad se caracterizan por necrosis de los pétalos, caída prematura de los frutos y formación de cálices persistentes. Con el fin de determinar el efecto del patrón y de condiciones ambientales como la precipitación, la humedad relativa y la temperatura en el desarrollo de la antracnosis, se seleccionaron al azar plantas de lima ácida Tahití injertadas en seis portainjertos: Citrumelo, Sunky x English, Carrizo, Volkameriano, Kryder 15-3 y Cleopatra, establecidos en un huerto experimental en el Centro de Investigación La Libertad de la Corporación Colombiana Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA en Villavicencio, Meta. El experimento se llevó a cabo durante tres estaciones de floración, cada una con condiciones climáticas diferentes. Se evaluó la incidencia de la enfermedad y el porcentaje de cálices persistentes. Los resultados no evidenciaron diferencias significativas en la incidencia de la enfermedad y el número de cálices persistentes entre los patrones evaluados. Sin embargo, el efecto en la caída de los frutos, expresado en cálices persistentes, dependió de las condiciones climáticas que favorecieron el desarrollo del patógeno, siendo los meses lluviosos, la humedad relativa elevada y las temperaturas bajas factores predisponentes de la pérdida considerable de frutos a causa de la enfermedad en la lima ácida Tahití cultivada en el piedemonte llanero de Colombia.
Empirical Analysis of “GHG Emission Avoidance” Calculation for Selection of Sustainable Environmental Projects
Authors: Mohar Lea Robič , Rajšp Matej , Požarnik Matej
Published: March 2021

Innovative environmental projects, selected for co-financing, must contribute to the green recovery of Europe’s economy and maintain the momentum in its transition to climate neutrality. However, measuring overall sustainable environmental efficiency of a project is a complex matter. The “GHG emission avoidance” indicator, which began to appear in the award criteria of the environmentally oriented tenders of the European cohesion policy for the Programme period 2021-2027, enables the allocation of funds based on the achieved environmental benefits. The purpose of this paper is to present theoretical background and practical calculation of the “GHG emission avoidance” indicator. An absolute and relative indicator is analysed, with which investors quantitatively evaluate the potential for avoiding emissions, generated in the case of project implementation. The research part of this article is presented through case study of a project in the sector of glass, ceramics and building materials in energy-intensive industry, in which contribution of the selected sustainable project to the EU vision for a climate-neutral economy is demonstrated.
MHD Flow of Micropolar Fluid via Porous Medium Within the Rotating Frame of Reference
Authors: Sahoo Sachidananda , Prusty Kishore Kumar , Mishra Satyaranjan
Published: March 2021

The present study reveals the heat and mass transfer on the MHD flow of micropolar fluid in a porous medium within a rotating frame. In order to facilitate osillatory plate velocity with constant suction and first order chemical reaction has been considered. Using small perturbation approximation, the governing non-dimensional equations are solved. The influence of pertinent physical quantities on the flow phenomena have been presented graphically. The skin friction coefficient, wall couple stress, Nusselt and Sherwood number have also computed for different flow parameters and have presented in table. In the study, the applied magnetic field sets in to produce the resistive force i.e. the Lorentz force that resists the fluid motion throughout the domain. Attenuation in the Prandtl number is because of the slower thermal diffusivity resulted in a sharp reduction in the thermal boundary layer thickness. The retardation in the polar fluid concentration is greater in amount for the influence of heavier species.
Parameters Affecting the Polarity Inversion of the Vertical Electric Lightning Field to the CN-Tower
Authors: Lakhdar Asmaa , Mimouni Abdenbi , Azzouz Zineddine
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to perform a parametric study in order to analyze factors having an effect on the vertical lightning field polarization to the CN-Tower in Canada, and estimate with numerical simulation, the horizontal distance for which the reversed polarity will occur. The calculation is performed using the Finite-Difference-Time-Domain technique in two dimensions (2D-FDTD), the spatial-temporal current propagation through the lightning channel and through the high structure is represented by the lumped-series voltage-source model. The obtained results show that the vertical electric lightning field behavior has a dual polarity, the transition from a negative waveform to a positive one is observed at different observation points localized near the elevated object influencing by each modification made to the tower-parameters, the medium conductivity and the return stroke speed value. These results can contribute to the understanding of the lightning-phenomenon and allow to solve the problems of electromagnetic compatibility.
POLICE STUDIES PROGRAM FOR YOUTH AT RISK: THE ROLE OF POLICE DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE AND PERSONAL MORALITY IN EXPLAINING POLICE LEGITIMACY
Authors: Azmy Ameen
Published: March 2021

This study examined a unique police studies intervention program by comparing two groups of youth-at-risk in two types of residential youth schools. The experimental group included 129 youths who had attended a police studies program, while the control group included 167 youths who had attended a different intervention program, without police studies. We hypothesized that the experimental group would have more positive perceptions of police legitimacy and distributive justice and higher levels of personal morality than the control group would. Moreover, we hypothesized that the relationship between the type of the intervention program and perceptions of police legitimacy would be explained by youths’ personal morality and perceptions of police distributive justice. The study showed that the experimental group had more positive perceptions of police legitimacy and higher personal morality than did the control group, but there were no differences in perceived police distributive justice between the two groups. In addition, while personal morality partly mediated the link between the type of intervention program and perceptions of police legitimacy, perceived police distributive justice did not. Empirical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Adsorption of organic reagents by natural bentonites modified with aluminum and iron (III) polyhydroxocations
Authors:   Saratov State University, Nikitina Natalya V. , Lamikhova Anna P. ,   Saratov State University, Nikitina Nadezhda V. ,   LLC “Scientific research Institute technology organic, inorganic chemistry and biotechnologies” (LLC «NIFONG and BT»), Kazarinov Ivan A. ,   Saratov State University
Published: March 2021

The effective nanostructured sorbents based on natural bentonite modified with aluminum and iron (III) polyhydroxocations were obtained. The elemental composition of the obtained sorbents was studied. The specific surface area was determined for the studied samples. It was shown that modified sorbents based on natural bentonite were nanostructured objects. IR spectroscopy showed that modification of natural bentonite led to the changes in its structural properties. While studying the sorption process on modified sorbents, it was found that the modification of bentonite with aluminum and iron (III) compounds using the “codeposition” method led to the increase in the sorption capacity of the obtained sorbents. The sorption properties of the obtained sorbents were tested in relation to a number of organic dyes of the anionic and cationic types. It was established that the maximum sorption efficiency was achieved for extracting cationic substances from water, including organic dyes.
“Electronic tongue” multi-systems for the separate determination of cefotaxime and cefazoline
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kulapina Elena G. , Dubasova Anastasia E. ,   Saratov State University, Kulapina Olga I. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky, Ankina Vlada D. ,   Saratov State University
Published: March 2021

Electroanalytical properties of unmodified and modified by polyaniline and by CuO nanoparticles solid-contact potentiometric sensors which are based on associates of tetradecylammonium with complex compounds of silver (I) with cephuroxime, cephotaxime and cephazoline Ag(β-lac)2TDA in solutions of corresponding antibiotics were studied. It was revealed that Ag(β-lac)2TDA –based sensors had no specificity to the basic ion but showed sensitivity to other cephalosporins. Taking into account the potentiometric selectivity coefficients and cross-sensitivity parameters of sensors based on different electrode-active components, their use for creating «electronic tongue» multi-sensor systems was shown. Arrays of low-selective potentiometric sensors were created for separate determination of cephazoline and cephotaxime in two-component model mixtures at concentration intervals of 2,5·10-4 – 0,01 М. The method of artificial neural networks was used for processing analytical signals (the relative error of determination not exceeding 13%).
¿Son las estrategias genéricas y las barreras a la entrada ventajas competitivas en estos tiempos? : El caso de las industrias de alimentos, bebidas, tabaco y quí­mica en México (2009-2014).
Authors: Rí­os Nequis Eric Israel , Carbajal Cansino Daniela Edith , Hernández Solis Michelle Edith
Published: March 2021

El artí­culo analiza las sub-ramas industriales que pertenecen a lasramas de alimentos, bebidas, tabaco y quí­mica, las cuales pertenecenal sector industrial de manufacturas en México, según datos del CensoEconómico Industrial del Instituto Nacional de Geografí­a y Estadí­stica(INEGI). El objetivo es evaluar si los requerimientos de capital y laserogaciones asociadas al desempeño de las estrategias genéricas tienenun desempeño superior mediante ventas y si las mencionadas afectan ala cantidad de empresas incumbentes o competidoras en las sub-ramasanalizadas. Las técnicas empleadas fueron dos regresiones de cortetransversal para los periodos censales de 2009 y 2014. Los hallazgosindican que los requerimientos de capital tienen efectos positivos enlas ventas y negativos en la cantidad de competidores, es decir sonventajas sostenibles porque están asociadas a los beneficios y permitenmonopolizar sus sectores industriales (barreas a la entrada).
Análisis de una iniciativa de innovación social desde la universidad.
Authors: Vera Muñoz Gerardo , Vera Muñoz Monserrat , Matí­nez Méndez Rafaela
Published: March 2021

Se propone un modelo de innovación social para analizar la iniciativa de una institución de educación superior que busca mitigar problemas de marginación en comunidades rurales del estado de Puebla, México. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad con informantes clave. Los resultados sugieren que la innovación social requiere integrar los conocimientos de diferentes actores en un objetivo común.
Una revisión bibliométrica de la sustentabilidad social corporativa
Authors: Reyna Castillo MiguelÁngel , Jiménez Ferretiz Laura Esther , Cano Morales Abel Marí­a
Published: March 2021

Para los griegos, el desarrollo integral sucedí­a en la interacciónequilibrada del ”ocio” (reflexión y cultivo de bienestar humano)y el ”nec-ocio” (no-ocio, actividad remunerada). Respondiendoa la invitación del Informe Nuestro Futuro Común las nacioneshan apostado al desarrollo sostenible de sus organizaciones,procurando prácticas con una triple lí­nea de fondo: desarrolloeconómico, ambiental y social. Las investigaciones sobresustenbilidad corporativa de los últimos años tienen el llamadode retomar el ”occio” en los ”nec-ocios”, es decir, de retomar lasustentabilidad en cuanto a los temas de bienestar social en laactividad administrativa. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar lasustentabilidad social corporativa a partir de una revisión crí­ticade la literatura. La metodologí­a fue analí­tica conceptual apoyadacon uso de técnica bibliométrica-hermenéutica. En los hallazgosse observa que una producción limpia no se limita al ambientesino que también implica temas sociales; la sustentabilidadsocial presenta un abordaje multidisciplinar y diverso, trayendoconsigo contradicciones filosóficas, conceptuales y teóricas. En locorporativo han habido importantes aportaciones en la últimasdécadas, sin embargo, el abordaje de lo social ha sido bajo elsesgo de paradigmas ambientales y/o económicos. Se proponenfuturas lí­neas de investigación y se presentan implicacionesgerenciales así­ como implicaciones sociales.
Antropologí­a, etologí­a, sociologí­a, y psicologí­a, 4 disciplinas útiles en el ámbito empresarial.
Authors: Tarantino-Curseri Salvatore
Published: March 2021

Localización: Cortazar, Guanajuato México, ISSN Electrónico 2007-977X, No. 9 (Septiembre - Diciembre), 2018, págs. 1 - 20Idioma: EspañolTitulos paralelos:ANTHROPOLOGY, ETHOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY, FOUR USEFUL DISCIPLINES IN THE BUSINESS FIELDResumen:Es por todos bien sabido que las riendas del éxito o fracaso de toda organización las dirige el homo sapiens, por ende, es fundamental combatir la diáspora disciplinar y entender en forma integral el comportamiento homí­nido ya que éste, incide directamente en el bienestar sistémico de la empresa donde labora. De esta forma, el objetivo de este opúsculo, dirigido al Gerente o Directivo, es promover una hermenéutica reflexiva en torno al principio de Symplokíª «interdisciplinariedad» entre las Ciencias Administrativas y las 4 disciplinas señaladas en el epí­grafe y así­, para expandir la Sophia «sabidurí­a intelectual-teórica» y fortalecer la Phrónesis «sabidurí­a práctica», se tocará en forma resumida: la Antropologí­a, Etologí­a, Sociologí­a y la Psicologí­a; 4 disciplinas imprescindibles para mejorar nuestro gerenciar.Palabras clave: Antropologí­a, Etologí­a, Sociologí­a, Psicologí­a, Interdisciplinariedad.Abstract: It is well known that the reins of the success or failure of any organization is directed by homo sapiens, therefore, it is fundamental to combat the disciplinary diaspora and to comprehensively understand hominid behavior,since this one directly affects the systemic welfare of the company where he works. In this way, the aim of this booklet, addressed to the Manager or Executive, is to promote a reflective hermeneutics around the principle of Symplokíª «interdisciplinarity» between the Administrative Sciences and the 4 disciplines indicated in the epigraph and thus, to expand the Sophia «intellectual-theoretical wisdom» and strengthen the Phronesis «practical wisdom», will be touched in summary form: Anthropology, Ethology, Sociology and Psychology; 4 essential disciplines to improve our management.Keywords: Anthropology, Ethology, Sociology, Psychology, Interdisciplinarity.
Canciones de cuna tradicionales españolas: característica formal y temática
Authors: Gomółka Ewa Zuzanna
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo forma parte de un estudio comparativo más am-plio de las nanas tradicionales españolas y polacas. Primero, se ana-lizan los rasgos formales de las nanas tradicionales de España, como característica del emisor y receptor, las formas y temas presentes en este género literario. También, se presentan brevemente los modos de ejecución, las repeticiones y el uso del imperativo. Luego, se demuestra un análisis de los motivos que aparecen en las canciones de cuna españolas. La presentación de los motivos se centra en la visión del futuro que crean los textos de las nanas, las promesas. Además, se comentan los mecanismos de presentar la naturaleza y los animales en las canciones de cuna. Finalmente, se analiza la visión del adulto y del niño y el uso de los personajes de apoyo características de la nana española.
De la mitología clásica a la literatura canaria: el motivo del paraíso
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz Luis Miguel
Published: March 2021

El autor fundacional de la literatura canaria, Cairasco de Figueroa (1538–1610), elabora un imaginario de las Islas que adapta a la realidad insular diferentes rasgos del motivo literario clásico del paraíso. Se analiza el papel de la teoría racionalista del mito y su método interpretativo en el proceso de creación de imágenes de Canarias a partir de dos espacios míticos grecolatinos (los Campos Elisios y las Islas de los Afortunados).
Seis personajes en busca de “un tercer lugar”. La inseguridad y afán de encontrar al otro y sí mismo en Un tercer lugar de Denise Despeyroux
Authors: Szejko Natalia
Published: March 2021

Denise Despeyroux en su obra Un tercer lugar (2016) ofrece una pro-puesta irónica en torno a la vida humana y a las relaciones interper-sonales. Los personajes de este drama están en un constante proceso de búsqueda de sí mismos, del cambio y la transformación. La inseguridad e inestabilidad de las relaciones interpersonales son los rasgos autistas que se enumeran en las teorías de la cognición emocional. El objetivo de mi ponencia es hacer un análisis del drama Un tercer lugaren el marco teórico de la teoría de la cognición emocional. Despeyroux presenta tres parejas neuróticas que se sienten incapaces de comprenderse. Los rasgos de la inestabilidad emocional y las diferencias de horizonte de expectativas son del máximo interés para la dramaturga.
La obra de Goya como inspiración en el cine español
Authors: Aleksandrowicz Joanna
Published: March 2021

Se distinguen tres tendencias dentro de las referencias de temática goyesca en el cine. La primera se focaliza en el personaje de Goya, presente en la pantalla como protagonista de películas biográficas, así como personaje secundario en el cine histórico. El segundo tema es la Guerra de la Independencia, cuya iconografía aparece frecuentemente también en las narraciones fílmicas que tratan de otros conf lictos. La tercera tendencia está relacionada con diversos contextos sociales. Mencionadas referencias temáticas están vinculadas a varios aspectos formales de la adaptación de la pintura a la pantalla. El análisis del material fílmico además permite mostrar cómo ha evolucionado la manera de ver a Goya en su país.
Modernidad y cambio social en la ficción televisiva de los noventa: las series de Alonso de Santos
Authors: Melero Alejandro , Palacio Manuel
Published: March 2021

Aunque la obra del dramaturgo Alonso de Santos ha suscitado mucho interés entre hispanistas de todo el mundo, sus trabajos como guionista para la televisión española no han recibido aún la atención crítica que merecen. Sus series televisivas de la década de los noventa ref lejan las constantes que han caracterizado su obra dramática y, al mismo tiempo, anticipan cuestiones de modernidad y cambio social propias de la televisión de su época.
El lenguaje cinematográfico frente a la censura política en Polonia y España: inesperadas afinidades
Authors: Żyto Kamila
Published: March 2021

En el artículo examinamos el uso de la metáfora en dos películas: La caza (1966) dirigida por Carlos Saura y Sunday Pranks (Niedzielne igraszki, 1983) de Robert Gliński. Para ello, primero, hacemos una descripción de la situación de la cinematografía, después explicamos la estructura de la metáfora como un concepto clave para hacer comparaciones, finalmente, en el proceso de análisis, comparamos ambas películas.
Placeres y provecho: la imagen de la vida en el campo en Antonio de Guevara y Mikołaj Rej
Authors: Kulak Ewa Krystyna
Published: March 2021

Con el Renacimiento el antiguo tópico de Beatus ille toma una nueva dimensión en las letras europeas. Los escritores renacentistas, aunque a menudo implicados en una intensa vida cortesana, propagan en sus manuales, tratados o “espejos” la vida en el campo vista como un ideal humanista de la existencia. El artículo compara el tratamiento de este tema en Menosprecio de corte y alabanza de aldea (1539) de Antonio de Guevara y Żywot człowieka poczciwego (1568) de Mikołaj Rej.
El fondo teológico de la literatura uruguaya a principios del siglo XX. La armonía según J.E. Rodó y H. Quiroga
Authors: Drozdowicz Maksymilian
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio se inscribe en un proyecto de investigación más amplio dedicado a la búsqueda de huellas teológicas en la literatura rioplatense a partir de la creación del Virreinato de La Plata hasta la época moderna. Descubrimos que en la literatura de los dos autores uruguayos, José Enrique Rodó (1871–1917) y Horacio Quiroga (1878–1937), es posible distinguir posturas cercanas a la visión optimista del mundo a pesar de las amenazas de la civilización de aquellos tiempos y una evocación constante de la religión cristiana como material de estudio, ref lexión, pero también contemplación.