bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of a very sensitive refractive index sensor based on waveguide TM mode resonance and design of a plasmonic sensor.
Authors: HamidAbbasi
Published: March 2022

This study proposes a highly sensitive refractive index sensor based on the TM wavelength resonance excited in a structure of a plasmonic sensor. The results show that the resonance wavelength will shift significantly with increasing and changing the refractive index, which shows that this method can be used to understand the resonance wavelength and refractive index. Based on this approach, the sensing characteristics, including the sensitivity and the figure of merit (FOM) and the Q quality factor, have been investigated, where the sensor sensitivity has reached 1165 nm / RIU. Compared to plasmon surface resonance sensors, which are based on a similar structure, the proposed sensor can achieve a more flexible range of wavelengths and a wider range of refractive index. Therefore, this method has tremendous potential for use in various fields of measurement, such as biochemical analysis and medicine, and can find useful applications in measurement systems and integrated circuits. Also, all the diagrams obtained in this research have been drawn using MATLAB program.
Large Genomic Deletion Linked To Field-Evolved Resistance To Cry1F Corn In Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) From Florida
Authors: Banerjee Rahul , De Bortoli Caroline Placidi , Huang Fangneng , Lamour Kurt , Meagher Robert , Buntin David , Ni Xinzhi , Reay-Jones Francis P. F. , Stewart Scott , Jurat-Fuentes Juan Luis
Published: March 2022

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a highly polyphagous lepidopteran pest of relevant food and fiber staple crops. In the Americas, transgenic corn and cotton producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have controlled and reduced the damage caused by S. frugiperda. However, cases of field-evolved S. frugiperda resistance to Bt corn producing the Cry1F insecticidal protein have been documented in North and South America. When characterized, field resistance to Cry1F is linked to insertions and mutations resulting in a modified or truncated ABC transporter subfamily C2 (SfABCC2) protein that serves as Cry1F receptor in susceptible S. frugiperda. In this work, we present detection of a large genomic deletion (~8 kb) affecting the SfABCC2 and an ABC transporter gene subfamily 3 –like gene (SfABCC3) as linked to resistance to Cry1F corn in a S. frugiperda strain from Florida (FL39). Monitoring for this genomic deletion using a discriminatory PCR reaction in field-collected S. frugiperda moths detected individuals carrying this allele in Florida, but not in surrounding states. This is the first report of a large genomic deletion being involved in resistance to a Bt insecticidal protein.
The effect of mydriasis and filtration surgery on intraocular pressure in eyes with normal- tension glaucoma
Authors: Sakata Rei , Ueda Koji , Fujita Asahi , Nakajima Kosuke , Fujishiro Takashi , Honjo Megumi , Shirato Shiroaki , Aihara Makoto
Published: March 2022

Background:The effect of mydriasis on intraocular pressure (IOP) in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) eyes has not been investigated. In addition, although filtration surgery is a technique that can lower IOP under normal conditions and reduce IOP fluctuation, its effect on IOP after mydriasis is unknown. Against this background, we investigated the effect of mydriasis on IOP and of trabeculectomy on mydriasis-induced IOP fluctuations in the same patients with NTG.Methods:We identified data for NTG patients regularly monitored for more than 5 years before and after surgical periods. All patients were conservatively followed up as medical treatment and then underwent initial trabeculectomy with mitomycin C as the surgical treatment. The mean IOPs during episodes of mydriasis and non-mydriasis were calculated for each period. IOP fluctuation was defined as the IOP difference between the mydriatic and non-mydriatic states. For both periods, the mean IOP differences between the mydriatic and non-mydriatic eye were separately evaluated using the paired t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results:We included 23 eyes of 23 patients with NTG (mean age, 62.4 years). The follow-up periods were 5.7 years for medical treatment and 6.1 years after surgical treatment. The mean IOP of 14.3 mmHg decreased to 9.0 mmHg after surgery (P < 0.01). During medical treatment, the mean (± standard deviation) non-mydriatic and mydriatic IOPs were 14.2 ± 1.8 and 14.5 ± 1.8 mmHg, respectively. The IOP increased significantly after mydriasis (by 0.30 ± 0.11 mmHg, P = 0.009). After surgery, the mean non-mydriatic and mydriatic IOPs were 9.0 ± 2.5 and 9.1 ± 2.4 mmHg; the difference was 0.18 ± 0.16 mmHg (P = 0.28). Conclusions:We demonstrated for the first time that pharmacological mydriasis significantly increased IOP, but trabeculectomy could suppress not only IOP but also mydriasis-induced IOP fluctuations in patients with NTG.
Finite element analysis of pitting pit on residual strength of magnesium alloy welded joint
Authors: Gong Xiaoyuan , Liu Jinming , Li Junqi , Xiao Fengqing
Published: March 2022

The stress field of pitting corrosion at different depths under tensile load was analyzed by ANSYS finite element method. It was found that the strength of stress field and strain field inside the corrosion pit was much higher than the average level of matrix. Therefore, the corrosion pit will fail first under the action of applied load. Based on the study of pitting corrosion, the mechanism of pitting corrosion crack propagation of magnesium alloy welded joints was described with a model, and the variation of residual strength was revealed.
The estrous cycle modulates early-life adversity effects on mouse avoidance behavior through progesterone signaling
Authors: Laham Blake , Murthy Sahana , Hanani Monica , Clappier Mona , Boyer Sydney , Vasquez Betsy , Gould Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

Early-life adversity (ELA) predisposes individuals to develop neuropsychiatric conditions, which are more prevalent in women than men. Efforts to model this sex difference in rodents have produced mixed results, with some studies paradoxically showing stronger phenotypes in males than females. Since changes in reproductive hormone levels can increase the likelihood of anxiety disorders in women, we examined the effects of ELA on adult female mice across the estrous cycle. We found that during diestrus, when the ratio of progesterone to estrogen is relatively high, ELA mice exhibit increased avoidance behavior, altered activity levels in specific contexts, and increased theta oscillation power in the ventral hippocampus. Ovariectomy, which eliminates circulating estrogen but not progesterone, unexpectedly preserved some of the effects present in diestrus ELA mice. Progesterone receptor antagonism in diestrus normalized avoidance behavior in ELA mice, while treatment with a negative allosteric modulator of the progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone promoted avoidance behavior in control mice. These results suggest that altered progesterone and allopregnanolone signaling during diestrus increases avoidance behavior in ELA mice.
Sexual dimorphism of leptin and adiposity in children between 0 to 10 years: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis
Authors: Avila Jose Guillermo Ortega , Muñoz Harry García , Ordoñez Alejandro Segura , Contreras Blanca Cecilia Salazar
Published: March 2022

BackgroundIt has been described in adolescents and adults differences by sex in blood levels of leptin and adiposity, however, it is not yet clear if these differences arise from the prepubertal stage in subjects with a normal-weight. Therefore, we examine whether there are differences by sex in levels of blood leptin and body fat per cent (BFP) in children with a normal-weight between 0 to 10 years old. MethodsSearch strategy: Eligible studies were obtained from three electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, and Embase) and contact with experts. Selection criteria: Healthy children under 10 years of age with normal-weight according to age.Data collection and analyses: Data were extracted by four independent reviewers using a predesigned data collection form. The statistical analysis was performed in the R program. ResultsOf initially identified 12363 publications, twenty-one studies were included (5516 girls and 5629 boys) in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The sex was associated with the overall effect on blood leptin (Pooled MD= 1.69 ng/mL, 95%CI: 1.21 to 2.17) and BFP (Pooled MD= 3.44%, 95%CI: 2.55 to 4.33), being both higher in girls. This finding was consistently in the majority of age groups studied (Newborns, 0,25 to 0.5 yrs, 3 to 5.9 yrs, 6 to 7.9 yrs, 8 to 10 yrs). Conclusion: The results of our meta-analyses support the sexual dimorphism in circulating blood leptin and BFP between girls and boys with normal-weight from birth to ten years of age.
Comparison of intravenous or perineural dexamethasone decrease rebound pain after ropivacaine single popliteal sciatic nerve combined with femoral nerve block for ankle fracture: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Gao Mingyang , Li Yanan , Tai Yanlei , Yu Jiaxu , Li Wei , Zhao Haitao , Qin Shiji , Zhang Yahui , Zhu Lian , Hou Zhiyong , Wang Qiujun
Published: March 2022

Introduction Single nerve block provides excellent analgesia, but rebound pain after the nerve block disappears has gradually attracted people’s attention. Perineural dexamethasone has been shown to extend the duration of a single nerve block and reduce rebound pain. However, no studies have compared the effect of reducing rebound pain between the two. The hypothesis was tested that perineural or intravenous would have an equivalent effect on prevent the rebound pain after nerve block. Methods We recruited 135 patients with ankle fractures scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), each of whom received a single sciatic-popliteal nerve block in combination with a single nerve block. Patients were randomized into three group: 40ml ropivacaine 0.375% (C); 40ml ropivacaine 0.375% with perineural dexamethasone 10mg(PN); 40ml ropivacaine 0.375% with intravenous dexamethasone (IV). The primary outcome was the incidence of rebound pain. Results The incidence of rebound pain was significantly lower in group PN (11%)and group IV(17.8%), compared with group C(42.2%). Both Groups PN and IV had reduced pain score, reduced postoperative consumption of analgesics and improved the quality of sleep on the night of surgery compared with Group C.Conclusions Dexamethasone 10mg can prevent the rebound pain after combined femoral nerve and sciatic nerve blocks nerve block, which has nothing to do with the way of dexamethasone. Trial registration number www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx ChiCTR2100049075
Multiscale modelling of particulate fluids thermophysical properties and validation with experimental data
Authors: Alzeley Omar
Published: March 2022

Recent discoveries reveal many details about mechanisms of heat transfer in nanoparti-cle–fluid suspensions or nanofluids. Some of the existing mathematical models even allow molecular simulations to be carried out with various phenomena taken into account to fit theoretical data with experimental better. However, so-called one phase or homog-enized models describing the macroscopic behavior of nanofluids as homogeneous fluids with effective parameters sometimes demonstrate a substantial gap with experimental data. Reducing or possibly even removing that gap is one of the directions in which the current theory of nanofluids must be developed. This paper attempts to reduce the gap by proposing a multiscale description of nanofluids. More specifically, we provide separate sets of partial differential equations (PDEs) for carrying out microscale (molecular level, expressed in nm), mesoscale (particle level, expressed in µm) and macroscale (ho-mogenized level, expressed in mm) simulations of heat transfer in nanofluids. Variational convergence between these sets of PDEs at different scales is established by means of the theory of distributions and weak convergence of distributions. The mesoscale model, corresponding to a fluid medium with point inhomogeneities at the locations of particles, allows a quadratic dependence of the thermal conductivity with respect to the particles’ 1 volume fraction to be derived. As the numerical evaluation and comparison with available experimental data shows, the proposed model is in much greater agreement with experiment than the existing fundamental linear models.
Stability of self-reported psychopathic traits in high-risk adolescents in youth welfare and juvenile justice institutions
Authors: Hachtel Henning , Jenkel Nils , Schmeck Klaus , Graf Marc , Fegert Jörg Michael , Schmid Marc , Boonmann Cyril
Published: March 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the self-reported stability of psychopathic traits in adolescents in residential care (both child welfare and juvenile justice placed juveniles) and potential influencing factors. Method: We applied the Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI) in a sample of 162 adolescents (M=15.0 years, SD=1.3) over a mean time interval of 11 months (min. 6, max. 21 months, SD=3.14). Results: There was no significant difference in YPI total score nor in the three underlying dimensions Grandiose-Manipulative (GM), Callous-Unemotional (CU), and Impulsive-Irresponsible (II) between t1 and t2. Furthermore, 70% of the adolescents showed no clinically significant reliable change on the YPI total score (as measured with the reliable change index), 15% improved, 15% deteriorated. The strongest predictor for psychopathic traits at t2 were psychopathic traits at t1. Additional predictors for higher levels of general psychopathic traits was male gender, for CU-traits male gender and lower levels of internalizing mental health problems, and for II-traits higher levels of externalizing mental health problems. Generally, the three reliable change groups (increase, no change, decrease) did not seemed to differ on relevant factors. Conclusions: Our results add to the findings that psychopathic traits are relatively stable in this high-risk group over approximately a one-year time interval. Research with a longer follow-up time and more time points is warranted to better interpret these results.
A mixed methods study to assess the impact of COVID-19 on maternal, newborn, child Health and nutrition in fragile and conflict-affected settings
Authors: Singh Neha S. , Rodo Mariana , Singh Lucy , Russell Neal
Published: March 2022

Background: The impacts of COVID-19 are unprecedented globally. The pandemic is reversing decades of progress in maternal, newborn, child health and nutrition (MNCHN), including fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS) whose populations were already facing challenges in accessing basic health and nutrition services. This study aimed to investigate the collateral impact of COVID-19 on funding, services and MNCHN outcomes in FCAS, as well as adaptations used in the field to continue activities.Methods: A scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature published between1st March 2020 - 31st January 2021 was conducted and analysed using a narrative synthesis approach. 39 remote semi-structured key informant interviews with humanitarian actors and donor staff within 12 FCAS were conducted between October 2020 and February 2021. Thematic analysis was undertaken independently by two researchers on interview transcripts and supporting documents provided by key informants, and triangulated with literature review findings.Results: Funding for MNCHN has been reduced or suspended with increase in cost of continuing the same activities, and diversion of MNCHN funding to COVID-19 activities. Disruption in supply and demand of interventions was reported across different settings which, despite data evidence still being missing, points towards likely increased maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Some positive adaptations including use of technology and decentralisation of services have been reported, however overall adaptation strategies have been insufficient to equitably meet additional challenges posed by the pandemic, and have not been evaluated for their effectiveness.Conclusions: COVID-19 is further exacerbating negative women’s and children’s health outcomes in FCAS. Increased funding is urgently required to re-establish MNCHN activities which have been deprioritised or halted. Improved planning to sustain routine health services and enable surge planning for emergencies with focus on the community/service users throughout adaptations is vital for improved MNCHN outcomes in FCAS.
A 3D printing tool-path generation strategy based on the partition of principal stress field for FFF Platform
Authors: Zhang Hang , Yao Yuan , Ma Yingxin , Lackner Maximilian , Jiang Yunliang
Published: March 2022

In order to enhance the strength of 3D printed parts made of polymer materials and reduce the anisotropy caused by the fused filament fabrication process, this paper proposes an inter-layer interleaved composite path planning method based on the directional partition of the principal stress field. This method not only ensures intra-layer reinforcement under specific working conditions but also increases the strength of the printed part by enhancing the adhesion of adjacent layers through staggered filling between layers. The mechanical performance is improved by 17% compared to other conventional filling patterns such as the zigzag filling algorithm. IICP is suitable for path planning of structures with complex shapes and is easily integrated into existing general computer-aided engineering processes.
Migraine Aura mimicking Stroke in Code Stroke. Analysis of diagnostic prediction models.
Authors: Macias-Gómez Adrià , Suárez-Pérez Antoni , Rodríguez-Campello Ana , Giralt-Steinhauer Eva , Moreira Antía , Guisado-Alonso Daniel , Capellades Jaume , Fernández-Pérez Isabel , Jiménez-Conde Jordi , Rey Lucía , Jiménez-Baladó Joan , Roquer Jaume , Ois Ángel , Cuadrado-Godia Elisa
Published: March 2022

Background: Differences between migraine with aura (MA) mimicking stroke and ischemic strokes were analyzed to create a predictive diagnostic model.Methods: Prospective cohort of code strokes attended between January 2005 and June 2020 in a tertiary hospital evaluated by a vascular neurologist. Data recorded included: Place of activation, demographics, vascular risk factors, vitals, initial blood test (glucose, blood count, electrolytes, coagulation times, D-dimer, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein), initial NIHSS, door-to-onset time, and door-to-needle time. After the vascular study, diagnosis of ischemic stroke or MA was registered. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to create a predictive model. Discrimination and calibration performance were assessed. A secondary aim was to describe detailed clinical and radiological data of MA cases in order to identify new predictive factors that could be used in future studies.Results: Of 3140 code strokes attended, 2424 (77.2%) were ischemic strokes and 34 (1.1%) were MA. Migraine cases were younger, more frequently females and with low prevalence of vascular risk factors. Initial NIHSS was lower in MA cases, but no differences were seen in fibrinolysis rate (30%). Blood test showed lower levels of glucose, D-dimer, and fibrinogen in MA cases. Multivariate model showed and independent association for ischemic stroke with age [OR, (95%CI):1.09, (1.07-1.12, p<0.001], male sex [OR, (95%CI):4.47, (3.80-5.13), p<0.001], initial NIHSS [OR, (95%CI):1.21, (1.07-1.34), p<0.01], and fibrinogen levels [OR, (95%CI):1.01, (1.00-1.01), p<0.05]. A model including sex and cut-off points (age>65, NIHSS>6, and fibrinogen>400mg/dL) showed a good global discrimination capacity (AUC = 0.897) but a good calibration only for extreme predicted probabilities (>98% in ischemic strokes or < 10% in MA). We did not find any differential clinical or radiological factor that could be exclusive of MA.Conclusions: A predictive model including age >65, men sex, NIHSS >6 and fibrinogen >400 mg/dL showed a good discrimination, but low calibration performance to distinguish between MA and ischemic stroke. Future studies should involve migraine biomarkers in order to improve clinical decision making.
Application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling to predict drug-drug interactions of dronedarone as a perpetrator with oral anti-coagulants
Authors: Wen Haini , He Qing-feng , Jiao Zheng , Xiang Xiao-qiang , Yu Jian-guang
Published: March 2022

BackgroundConcurrent use of dronedarone and oral anti-coagulants are common since both classes of medications are essential to atrial fibrillation management. Dronedarone is a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). To date, no drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies between dronedarone and apixaban or rivaroxaban were reported. The current study aims to study the impact of dronedarone co-administration on exposure of apixaban or rivaroxaban with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling.MethodModeling and simulation were conducted with Simcyp Simulator. The input parameters required for dronedarone modeling were obtained from literature. The developed dronedarone PBPK model was extensively validated with reported DDIs between dronedarone and CYP3A4 and P-gp substrates. After model validation, the model was applied to evaluate DDI potential of dronedarone on exposure of apixaban or rivaroxaban in both healthy population and patients with renal impairment.ResultThe developed PBPK models accurately describe dronedarone pharmacokinetics following single-dose oral administration in healthy volunteers. The model also predicts DDIs between dronedarone and CYP3A4 and P-gp substrates well, with all fold errors less than 1.5. The AUC of apixaban was increased by 1.36-fold in healthy population due to dronedarone co-administration. In addition, for patients with moderate renal impairment, the AUC of apixaban and rivaroxaban would increase by 1.38-fold and 1.25-fold, respectively.ConclusionsThe established PBPK model of dronedarone was well validated with previously reported DDI studies. Reduced dosing regimens were recommended for patients administered apixaban and dronedarone together. For patients with renal impairment, both dosages of apixaban and rivaroxaban should be adjusted to avoid overexposure when dronedarone is co-administered.
Adaptation of T-STEM CT Scale to Turkish: Teacher self‑efficacy and outcome expectancy for teaching computational thinking
Authors: Saritepeci Mustafa , Durak Aykut
Published: March 2022

Computational thinking (CT) skills are accepted as fundamental literacy. Although the idea that K-12 teachers should teach students CT skills in an interdisciplinary context is heavily expressed, there is a need for a measurement tool in Turkish that measures teachers' self-efficacy in this regard. This study, Boulden et al. (2021), it is aimed to adapt the T-STEM CT scale developed by Turkish and to carry out validity and reliability studies of the scale. The original scale consists of a 5-point Likert scale and 20 items. The participants of this study consisted of 168 teachers from different branches working in K-12. It was carried out by selecting for application purposes and a convenient sampling method. Various validity and reliability methods were used to validate the scale. As a result of the research, the validity and reliability of a Turkish tool measuring teaching efficacy beliefs for computational thinking skills were confirmed.
Charakterisierung mikrostruktureller, kortikaler Pathologie bei Multipler Sklerose mittels Diffusions-Tensor-Bildgebung
Authors:   , Stock Benjamin
Published: March 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Typical symptoms are an impaired vision, paresis or sensory disturbances. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are required for the initial diagnosis and visualization of the lesion load, which is mainly located in the white matter. Previous studies assessing cognitive deficits and fatigue in MS patients indicate that also cortical damage is of high clinical relevance in these patients. Insight into cortical damage with conventional MRI techniques is limited. Therefore, in the present study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to characterize cortical tissue remodeling in MS. Two tissue parameters were measured: the mean diffusivity (MD) and the fractional anisotropy (FA). Since previous DTI studies in MS reported inconsistent results, the question arose, whether MD and FA changes in patients with relapsingremitting MS (RRMS) can be detected using optimized DTI techniques and how they are distributed across the cortex. 24 patients with RRMS and 25 healthy control subjects participated in this study. MRI acquisition was performed with 3 Tesla MRI scanner. In addition, the clinical status was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). An optimized DTI method with intrinsic eddy current compensation was used. MD and FA maps were created. Cortical parameter values were read and saved in surface-datasets. Global cortical FA/MD values were compared between groups. Furthermore, surface-based statistical comparisons were performed. We tested for correlations between the parameter(s) with significant global group differences and the EDSS. Increased global cortical MD values were observed in the patient group. Surface-based analysis unveiled MD increases particularly in temporal, occipital and parietal regions. Furthermore, the MD correlated significantly with the EDSS score. In addition, we observed focal cortical FA decreases in the temporal and occipital lobes. The MD correlates positively with the amount of diffusion in a certain area. Diffusion is limited by microstructural barriers. Accordingly, MD might quantify the integrity microstructural barriers. FA values are high inordered structures with directional diffusion such as fiber tracts. Therefore, reduced FA values in the occipital and temporal cortical might reflect axonal damage. Regions with MD increase were more widespread than areas with FA reduction. This finding might indicate that the cortical breakdown of microstructural barriers in MS patients is a more prominent and widespread cortical remodeling mechanism than the disruption of axonal structures. In addition, the observed correlation between cortical MD values and the EDSS highlights a potential relevance of DTI techniques for larger clinical studies.
Branch Point Twist Field Form Factors in the sine-Gordon Model II: Composite Twist Fields and Symmetry Resolved Entanglement
Authors: Horvath David X. , Calabrese Pasquale , Castro-Alvaredo Olalla A.
Published: March 2022

In this paper we continue the program initiated in Part I, that is the study of entanglement measures in the sine-Gordon model.
In both parts, we have focussed on one specific technique, that is the well-known connection between branch point twist field correlators and
measures of entanglement in 1+1D integrable quantum field theory. Our papers apply this technique for the first time to a non-diagonal theory with an involved particle spectrum, the sine-Gordon model.
In this Part II we focus on a different entanglement measure, the symmetry resolved entanglement, and develop its associated twist field description, exploiting the underlying
U(1) symmetry of the theory. In this context, conventional branch point twist fields are no longer the fields required, but instead we must work with one of their composite generalisations, which can be understood as the field resulting from the fusion of a standard branch point twist field and the sine-Gordon exponential field associated with U(1) symmetry. The resulting composite twist field has correlators which as usual admit a form factor expansion. In this paper
we write the associated form factor equations and solve them for various examples in the breather sector by using the method of angular quantisation. We show that, in the attractive regime, this is the sector which provides the leading contribution to the symmetry resolved entropies, both R\'enyi and von Neumann. We compute the latter in the limit of a large region size and show that they satisfy the property of equipartition, that is the leading contribution to the symmetry resolved entanglement is independent of the symmetry sector.
Relative entropic uncertainty relation for scalar quantum fields
Authors: Floerchinger Stefan , Haas Tobias , Schröfl Markus
Published: March 2022

Entropic uncertainty is a well-known concept to formulate uncertainty relations for continuous variable quantum systems with finitely many degrees of freedom. Typically, the bounds of such relations scale with the number of oscillator modes, preventing a straight-forward generalization to quantum field theories. In this work, we overcome this difficulty by introducing the notion of a functional relative entropy and show that it has a meaningful field theory limit. We present the first entropic uncertainty relation for a scalar quantum field theory and exemplify its behavior by considering few particle excitations and the thermal state. Also, we show that the relation implies the multidimensional Heisenberg uncertainty relation.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC VALUE: AN ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Faculty of Business Studies, Dept. of Public Administration,Islamic University In Ugandan, Mbale Campus., Shamsuddin Bolatito (PhD) Aina-Obe
Published: March 2022

Purpose- The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of Public Value in the management and administration of Local Government in Nigeria. As the third tiers of Government, Local Government have the best potentials to foster generation of public interests through creation of public value in the management processes based on hominization of the functions which the third tiers of Government were established. To attain its goals, it adopted theoretical and conceptual review of literatures whereby descriptive and multidimensional frameworkwill help improve and better public services deliveries, improved administrative performance and creation of social value at the grassroots level. Limitation: The new concept of Public Value creation in Local Government administration in Nigeria will need conceptual and theoretical practices to validate the much expected good governance as the third tiers of Government which should aid visionary and missionary leadership to thegrassroots governance as its strives to deliver impactful social amenities and social governance as obliged in the federal constitution. This paper adopted narrative approach and observatory methodinto the strategic advantages and coherent approaches in bringing values to provision of public services and delivering their constitutional obligations through public utilities and services provisions, develop innovative and efficient service delivery. It ended by addressing hindrances in delivering of public values utilities and recommend panaceas for better services delivery and adoption of public value to the system.
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HOME REMEDIES USED IN DYSMENORRHEA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN SELECTED HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOLS DISTRICT KISHTWAR
Authors:   Ph. D Nursing Research Scholar. University Mandi Gobindgrah Punjab., Ahmad Sheikh Masood , Cherian Bincy ,   Asst. Professor., Vijay Gavande Swapna ,   Ph. D Nursing Research Scholar. University Mandi Gobindgrah Punjab., Kumari Kutlehria Savita ,   M.Sc. Nursing in Obstetrics and Gynaecology., Hussain Tabasum ,   M.Sc. Nursing in Psychiatry Nursing Tutor AMT School Khanpora Budgam.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays it is common to see that the adolescent girls face large number of difficulties during their menstrual period. As of now the adolescent girls are trying to get home remedies in order to reduce the level of pain before and during menstrual period. The dysmenorrhea leads to develop different kinds of adverse effect on adolescent girls for example low concentration during classes, difficulties in accomplishing homework, school absenteeism, Lack of interest in domestic activities, Lack of interest in class work and even the adolescent girls are maintaining social distances among family members as well as among friends during these days. Dysmenorrhea also limits participation in sports and social activities. Many women and adolescent girls are nowadays trying to find some basic remedies which can help them to relieve the dysmenorrhea. Therefore, On the basis of these views a study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding home remedies used in dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls in selected higher secondary schools of District kishtwar. For which 30 subjects were selected by stratified random sampling technique. After data collection structured close ended knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge among subjects. The data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics by using chi-square and t-test. The findings revealed that the mean posttest knowledge score (24.9) standard deviation 0.69, was significantly higher than mean pretest knowledge score 12.7 standard deviation 1.16among study subjects which indicated that structured teaching program was highly effective in enhancing the knowledge in adolescent girls at mean difference 17.17. The study also concluded that there were statistically no significant association between demographic variables (p=0.000) of adolescent girls with their pre-test knowledge scores at 0.05 level of significance.
THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE IN LIGHT OF THE LATEST CHANGES: TOWARDS A NEW DEVELOPMENT APPROACH
Authors:   Founder And Director Of CLEAR VISION, President Of The EL Center For Modern Strategic Studies, Part-Time Professor Of Economics And Business Administration, Adviser To The Presidential Office For Economic And Development Affairs - Republic Of Yemen., Ali Mansour Al-Sabai Abdul-Ghani
Published: March 2022

In the light of the recent changes of the twenty-first century, our societies on the one hand, and both the world economy and the economy as a social science on the other, face important challenges, which call for model changes, perhaps even new models. First, in the aftermath of the global financial and economic crisis of 2008-9, and most recently because of the COVID-19 pandemic, we can observe various types of active State interventions and increased State involvement to revive economic growth and development throughout the world. This has led to renewed interest in the analysis of the role of the State in economic development in general, and to the renaissance of the States developmental approach and the theories of the development system in particular. This article aims to critically review and synthesize the latest literature on States and development systems. Based on the theoretical and practical experiences of development States over more than half a century, and taking into account the recent changes of the twenty-first century, we share critically with the relevant literature and aim at weaving a new account of the complex issues of the role of the State in development today. While we argue that the new model of a development State has not yet been penetrated in the literature, we offer some pillars around which consensus seems to have emerged.
MOTOR , SENSORY BLOCKADE AND POST OPERATIVE ANALGESIA OF LOW DOSE INTRATHECAL DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND CLONIDINE AS ADJUVANT TO BUPIVACAINE ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SPINAL BLOCK - A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept of Paediatrics, Tripura Medical College, Hapania, Tripura., Sarkar Chayan , Jain Sudha ,   Assoc Professor, Dept of Anaesthesiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra., Tidke Sucheta ,   Professor and HOD, Dept of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra., Debnath Moumita ,   Junior Resident, Dept of Biochemistry, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura.
Published: March 2022

Background : To evaluate the effect of low dose intrathecal dexmedetomidine and clonidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine on motor , sensory blockade and post operative analgesia . A total of 60 patients , scheduled for lower abdominal , lower limb and gynaecological procedures were selected to participate in this prospective , randomised double blind study . After injecting the drug time were noted (T0) and the patient were turned to supine position . Following observation were recorded : Duration of sensory block(T5) , Duration of motor block (T6) , Time for rescue analgesia(T7) were noted , Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Score (VAS)(0:no pain, 10:maximum pain). Results : The results of outcome variables were suggestive of improved effect of addition of clonidine or dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to 0.5 % Bupivacaine (heavy) on duration of sensory block , duration of motor block , post operative analgesia . Conclusions : Increased duration of both motor , sensory block and post operative analgesia in dexmedetomidine group compared to clonidine can be applicable in improving the duration of post operative analgesia in surgical cases.
ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS OF 2-5 YEARS KIDS IN BANGLADESH
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of English, FASS, Bangladesh University of Professionals., Farhana Jannat Most. , Tarannum Nuzaira ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of Mass Communication and Journalism, FSSS, Bangladesh University of Professionals., Akter Onee Khadija ,   Lecturer, Dept of English, FASS,Bangladesh University of Professionals.
Published: March 2022

With the growing demands of the English language in the globalized world, parents in Bangladesh have become more concerned about English as Foreign Language (EFL) learning by their children during early childhood. This study aims to throw light upon the process of two- to five-year-old childrens EFL Learning in Bangladesh. This study also analyzes the factors and other mechanisms that influence childrens EFL Learning. The researchers have used mixed methods and data collected through surveys and interviews from childrens parents to know childrens language learning process. The research findings reveal that childrens EFL learning is significantly impacted by media content, especially YouTube content. Kids are learning Basic English communication through cartoons, rhymes, etc. However, parents have expressed concerns regarding the inappropriate messages delivered through different contents. Also, childrens addiction to the digital device is another concern of the parents.
RATE ANALYSIS OF SOIL EROSION USING UNIVERSAL SOIL LOSS EQUATION (USLE) METHOD IN JENEBERANG WATERSHED
Authors:   Graphic Design Lecturer,The State Polytechnic of Creative Media. Makassar, Indonesia., Nur Ruslinda , a Krisdayanti ,   Geophysic Student, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia., Nur Rusnianti ,   Physics Student, GadjahMada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Published: March 2022

Erosion in a watershed is a complex phenomenon that affects the quality of land resources due to either natural or human influence. The purpose of this study to determine the rate of erosion in the Jeneberang watershed and produce a recommendation of soil conservation to reduce the rate of erosion. This study uses some parameter maps, such as Rain Erosivitas Index (R) map, Land Erodibility Index (K) map, Length and Slopes Declivity Factor (LS) map, and Plants Management Factor and Soil Conservation (CP). All parameters were analysed using USLE map to determine the rate of erosion. The analysis results the rate of erosion by USLE method indicates the hazard level of the erosion in the Jeneberang watershed are dominantly at the very low levels with an area 55.068,39 ha or 71.6% of the research area. However, the erosion in the study area can not be ignored because there is a very high level of danger to the extensive erosion 11.681,55 or 15% of the research area. Therefore, generated a recommendation of soil conservation by soil cover planting and terrace construction repairs. By this conservation recommendation, the area with a high level of the rate of erosion reduce in the amount of 10,6%.
A STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE IN ANAEMIA
Authors:   Assistant Professor Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar., Kumari Anita , Kumar Singh Sanjeet ,   Additional Professor Pathology,Indira Gandhi Institute of Medial Sciences, Patna., Shekhar Ravi ,   Additional Professor Biochemistry,Indira Gandhi Institute of Medial Sciences, Patna., Mittal Swati ,   Assistant Professor Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar.
Published: March 2022

Objectives:Both anemia and dyslipidemia are widely prevalent public health problems, especiallyin the Indian population. Associationof anemia and dyslipidemias were reported in some individual experimental animals. The study was planned to find thechanges in serum lipid profile in adult Indian patients with anemia. Material and methods:100 cases of anemia (hemoglobin <13 g% in men and <12 g% in women), and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls, in the age group 18-40 years were investigated for any possible changes in serum lipid profile i.e.,triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results:The mean cholesterol in patients with anemia was 122.47 Ã‚Â± 29.32 mg/dl, whereas in controls group was 160.43 Ã‚Â± 38.91 mg/dl. The mean serum triglyceride level in patients with anemia was 89.41 Ã‚Â± 33.1532 mg/dl and in control group was 111.45 Ã‚Â± 40.6632 mg/dl. Mean high-density lipoprotein levels were 36.13 Ã‚Â± 12.8132 mg/dl in anemic group and 45 Ã‚Â± 13.032 mg/dl in control group, whereas low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level was 70.12 Ã‚Â± 21.64 mg/dl in the anemic group and 100.45 Ã‚Â± 30.8032 mg/dl in control group. VLDL levels were higher in control group (21.96 Ã‚Â± 8.132 mg/dl) compared to the anemic group (18.34 Ã‚Â± 7.6432 mg/dl). Conclusion: Lipoproteins levels were significantly abnormal in anemic as compared to non-anemic subjects.
THE EFFECT OF STUDENTS ATTITUDE IN MATHEMATICS LESSONS ON UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF MATHEMATICS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Department of Mathematic Education, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, Jakarta., Uki Sajiman Supardi , Hasbullah H. ,   Department of Mathematic Education, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, Jakarta.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of student attitudes in mathematics lessons on understanding mathematical concepts. The research method used is a survey method by collecting data directly from respondents. To obtain data on student attitudes in mathematics, the researchers collected data using a questionnaire, then to obtain data on understanding mathematical concepts, the test results were distributed to students. Samples were taken as many as 100 students with a simple random technique. Data analysis using simple linear regression. The results showed that there was an effect of students attitudes in mathematics on understanding mathematical concepts. To improve students understanding of mathematical concepts, it is necessary to make changes to improve the ability of subject teachers, especially mathematics teachers, by providing training or upgrading, attending teacher seminars, providing opportunities to continue education, or getting their own references about generating student motivation.
PHYSICO - CHEMICAL AND HPTLC STUDIES OF LIMONIA CRENULATA (ROOT)
Authors:   Research Officer (Chemistry), Siddha Regional Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram. Under Central Council for Research in Siddha, Chennai., John Anitha , V.L. Reena ,   Research Officer (Chemistry), Siddha Regional Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram. Under Central Council for Research in Siddha, Chennai., A. Kanagarajan ,   Assistant Director (Siddha), Siddha Regional Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram. Under Central Council for Research in Siddha, Chennai.
Published: March 2022

Herbal medicines have gained popularity as potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of many diseases due to their high efficacy and low side effects. With increasing demand for safer drugs, attention has been drawn to the identity, purity and strength of the herbal medicines. Hence, there is a need for standardization and development of reliable quality protocols using modern techniques of analysis for the herbal drugs. In the present paper an attempt was made to lay down the pharmacopoeial standards of Limonia crenulata Roxb. (Root) based on its physico-chemical and HPTLC analysis. Determination of physico-chemical parameters such as total ash, acid insoluble ash, water and alcohol soluble extractive values and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) studies of the chloroform extract of the plant material were carried out. The solvent system, Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (5: 2: 0.1) efficiently resolved the components present in the crude extract. The physico-chemical and HPTLC studies on root of Limonia crenulata yielded a set of qualitative and quantitative parameters or standards that can serve as an important source of information to ascertain the identity and to determine the quality and purity of the plant material. These studies enable the identification of the plant material for future investigation and form an important aspect of drug studies.
Stimulasi Orang Tua dalam Mengembangkan Kemandirian Anak Usia (3-4) Tahun Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Tiaranisa Dina , Sumarni Sri
Published: March 2022

Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan menyangkut stimulasi orang tua dalam mengembangkan kemandirian anak usia (3-4) tahun selama masa pandemi Covid-19 di RT 06 Pasar Bawah Lahat. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini ialah analisis data kualitatif Miles dan Huberman yaitu pengumpulan data yang meliputi wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Berikutnya mereduksi data yang diperoleh dari lapangan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan dua subjek yaitu orang tua yang mempunyai anak usia (3-4) tahun di RT 06 Pasar Bawah Lahat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stimulasi yang diberikan orang tua dalam mengembangkan kemandirian anak usia (3-4) tahun selama masa pandemi Covid-19 yaitu membereskan mainan, memakai kaos kaki dan sepatu, menggosok gigi, memakai pakaian, makan sendiri, mencuci tangan, membuang sampah dan mandi sendiri.
Hubungan Interior Ruang Belajar dan Bermain Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Shafira Dhea , Armanila Armanila , Siregar Indah Khoirunnisah
Published: March 2022

In general, playing and learning activities in Kindergarten are carried out indoors, so that the interior elements of the room can affect children's activities which can be seen from their behavior while in the room. This behavior is also a manifestation of the social and emotional development of children. The interior of the study and play room is expected to play an effective role in realizing the educational goals of Kindergarten, in particular the social emotional development of children. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the relationship between the interior of the study and play rooms on the socio-emotional development of early childhood at RA Mukhlisin. The method used in this research is quantitative research using data collection techniques. The results obtained from this study are that there is a relationship between interior design and early childhood development at RA Mukhlisin because in terms of play space, RA Mukhlisin has provided quite a lot of game tools with good and interesting conditions, so that children feel comfortable in playing. socialize or interact with friends