bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TEORIA CONSTRUCIONISTA
Authors: Wisnieski Ramiro Tadeu
Published: April 2022

Dos diversos paradigmas educacionais recentes, que contribuem significativamente no processo de ensino-aprendizagem escolar, muitos fazem uso das chamadas Novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (NTICs). Tais tecnologias podem contribuir para o aumento da qualidade do ensino. Diante desse cenário educacional, auxiliado por ferramentas digitais, podem ser empregadas na aula duas importantes abordagens tecnológicas, o instrucionismo e construcionismo, ambas idealizadas pelo professor e pesquisador Seymour Papert. Este artigo debate essas duas abordagens tecnológicas, ou também compreendidas como paradigmas educacionais, que na visão do autor deste artigo, não são excludentes, podem inclusive serem mescladas e lapidadas para o prólogo de uma nova teoria. Este artigo insere um novo termo acadêmico, a partir da lapidação de ambas as abordagens de Papert. Por se tratar de um conhecimento metódico e organizado, de caráter hipotético para uma área específica, a aqui denominada originalmente como teoria consinstrucionista, é apresentada nesse artigo. Esta nova teoria sintetiza um conjunto de conceitos compreendidos nesse novo termo justaposto, a fim de constatar e explicar esse aspecto observável. Em suma, o autor propõe uma seleção e união das melhores práticas de ambas as abordagens, buscando ir além, pois sempre com intuito de almejar uma contribuição na melhora dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem.
Položaj i uloga analitičara u policijskim agencijama u Bosni i Hercegovini / Position and Role of Analysts in Police Agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Šipkar Mensur
Published: April 2022

Bearing in mind the current situation and problems faced by the police agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina with regard to the fight against crime and criminal activities, it can be said that an adequate research has not been conducted regarding the position and role of analysts in the work of police agencies. The paper presents the basic demographic characteristics of the respondents (number of analysts, gender, age, education and tasks performed by analysts) in police agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main goal of the paper is to emphasize the position and role of analysts in the work of police agencies in the fight against crime, i.e. to empirically check whether police agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina pay enough attention to analytical work and analysts. The paper is designed to provide insight into the real situation and position of analysts, i.e. it provides insight into the problems faced by police agencies when it comes to analytical work and the role of analysts during data collection, processing and analysis.
Sustentabilidade e o consumo de energia elétrica: um estudo de caso do Banco da Amazônia S/A
Authors: Nahmias Pablo da Silva , Ferreira Luciana Rodrigues
Published: April 2022

A preocupação socioambiental com o consumo de energia elétrica é uma constante na sociedade mundial. A ausência de chuva e a falta da definição de um modelo para geração de energia sustentável levam as organizações a alternativas para o controle dos gastos e para o consumo consciente. Dessa forma, este trabalho objetiva analisar a qualidade do consumo com energia elétrica do Banco da Amazônia S.A, por meio de consultas aos relatórios de sustentabilidade da empresa, publicados na página da internet. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica onde foram consultados livros, revistas e artigos sobre a temática e, ainda, de pesquisa documental, sendo, inclusive, os dados extraídos dos relatórios de sustentabilidade dos exercícios de 2014 a 2018, publicados na página de internet da organização. Conclui-se que o Banco da Amazônia promove o desenvolvimento sustentável através de diversas ações de racionalização e preservação dos recursos naturais, pois nos resultados alcançados, observou-se que o consumo com energia elétrica reduziu de forma sistemática no período de 2014 a 2018, demonstrando o fortalecimento da cultura sustentável nos empregados do Banco, que é alimentada por meio de capacitação e treinamento de seus empregados, através de cursos, além da política de reconhecimento implementada por meio do Programa Supera Mais, voltado para potencializar a sustentabilidade nos empregados.
Role of Knowledge Management Practices in Indian Financial Sector
Authors: Shaneeb P  , Dr. M Sumathy
Published: April 2022

Knowledge is inherent in ideas, talent, judgments, relationship, root causes, relationships, concepts and perspective. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of knowledge management practices and organizational commitment on the job satisfaction of individual employees. A theoretical model concerning the connections between six facets of Knowledge Management (knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, knowledge creation, knowledge application, knowledge codification and knowledge retention), two facets of Organizational Commitment (Keeping up organizational image and Responding to organizational greediness) and job satisfaction is proposed. Then data is collected through face to face questionnaire and also online web based questionnaires and sample is selected on convenience based from the banking sector organization of Coimbatore. The findings of the study show that the organization's commitment to one's work environment and the knowledge management process are closely linked to the job satisfaction of higher employees. Especially intra-organizational knowledge sharing knowledge application and knowledge creation also organization commitment (coping with attachment) seems to be a key factors promoting satisfaction with one’s job in most employee.
COVID-19: Healthcare Workers May Be at Greater Risk Outside Their Work Environment—A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors:   The Infection Control Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, Hussein Khetam ,   The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, Shachor-Meyouhas Yael ,   The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel,   Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Ruth Rappaport Children’s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel,   Management, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, Dabaja-Younis Halima ,   Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Ruth Rappaport Children’s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, Szwarcwort-Cohen Moran ,   Virology Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, Hyams Gila ,   Nursing Administration and Management, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, Halberthal Michael ,   The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel,   Management, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
Published: April 2022

Background: With the availability of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, concerns have been raised regarding pre-vaccination seroprevalence in healthcare workers (HCW). This study examines the seroprevalence of HCW at an Israeli tertiary medical center before first BNT162b2 vaccination. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Before vaccination, HCW at our center were offered serological testing. Data on their epidemiological, workplace, and quarantine history were collect¬ed. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay was performed pre-vaccination. Results: A total of 4,519 (82.5%) of the HCW were tested. Of these, 210 were seropositive; 101 had no known history of COVID-19. Of the 101 asymptomatic HCW, only 3 (3%) had worked at COVID-19 depart¬ments, and 70 (69.3%) had not been previously quarantined. Positive serology was similarly distributed across age groups, and about 40% had no children. Nearly half of the HCW tested were administrative and service staff. Overall, seropositive tests were associated with having no children (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.06–1.89; P=0.0218), history of having been quarantined without proof of disease (OR 6.04, 95% CI 4.55–8.01; P<0.001), and Arab ethnicity (OR 3.36, 95% CI 2.54–4.43; P<0.001). Seropositivity was also more prevalent in members of the administration compared to other sectors, medical and paramedical, who are exposed to patients in their daily work (OR 1.365, 95% CI 1.02–1.82; P=0.04). Conclusions: The low percentage of asymptomatic COVID-19 among our HCW may reflect the high compliance to personal protective equipment use despite treating hundreds of COVID-19 patients. The relatively high number of childless seropositive HCW could reflect misconceptions regarding children as a main source of infection, leading to carelessness regarding the need for appropriate out-of-hospital protection.
Musculoskeletal Complaints: When Should We Consult a Pediatric Rheumatologist?
Authors: Sönmez Hafize Emine , Karadağ Şerife Gül , Aktay ayaz Nuray
Published: April 2022

This review aimed to summarize key points that might suggest rheumatologic diseases to physicians dealing with musculoskeletal  (MSK) complaints. Evaluation of a child presenting with MSK findings requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and systematic approach. In children with MSK complaints, detailed anamnesis, appropriate physical examination and joint examination, and the use of correct laboratory tests will be helpful for accurate diagnosis. The algorithm we have suggested for MSK complaints of children will be a guide for the physicians.
KẾT QUẢ CHĂM SÓC NGƯỜI BỆNH SUY THẬN MẠN LỌC MÁU CHU KỲ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG QUÂN ĐỘI 108 NĂM 2021
Authors: Thị Huệ Bùi , Hữu Tới Nguyễn , Thị Anh Đào , Bích Ngọc Trần , Thị Thìn Nguyễn
Published: April 2022

Nghiên cứu tiến cứu thực hiện trên 152 bệnh nhân suy thận mạn có LMCK được chăm sóc và điều trị tại khoa Thận lọc máu - Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội (TWQĐ) 108 từ tháng 01/2021 đến 10/2021. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của đối tượng nghiên cứu là 65,6 ± 12,3 tuổi, thời gian lọc trung bình dưới 60 tháng chiếm 84,87%. Trước lọc máu triệu chứng phù chiếm tỷ lệ lớn nhất 70,39% sau đó đến nhức đầu (44,74%), chóng mặt (40,79%), buồn nôn, nôn (36,18%); khó thở chiếm 26,32%; sau khi lọc các triệu chứng giảm rõ trừ các triệu chứng như chóng mặt, nhức đầu, buồn nôn và nôn chỉ số hiệu quả giảm với tỷ lệ 43,55%; 27,27% và 26,47%. Tỷ lệ biến chứng trong lọc máu là 24,34%, trong đó chuột rút chiếm 16,45%; tụt huyết áp là 13,82%, hỏng cầu nối động tĩnh mạch (FAV) chiếm 10,53%, tăng huyết áp chiếm 4,61% và nhiễm khuẩn chiếm 2,63%. Kết quả chăm sóc NB trong LMCK ở mức tốt chiếm 91,45% và mức khá chiếm 8,55%. Kết quả tư vấn mức tốt chiếm 79,61% và mức khá chiếm 20,39%. Kết quả chăm sóc chung (cả chăm sóc và tư vấn): ở mức tốt chiếm 86,18% và mức khá chiếm 13,82%. Kết luận: Trước lọc máu triệu chứng phù chiếm tỷ lệ lớn nhất, sau đó đến nhức đầu, chóng mặt, buồn nôn và nôn, khó thở. Sau khi lọc các triệu chứng giảm đi ngoại trừ chóng mặt, nhức đầu, nôn và buồn nôn. Tỷ lệ biến chứng trong buổi lọc chiếm 24,34%; nâng cao hiệ quả chăm sóc và truyền thông giáo dục sức khỏe của điều dưỡng giúp giảm thiểu biến chứng trong lọc.
MaqāShid al-Sharīah Jasser Auda Sebagai Kajian Alternatif Terhadap Permasalahan Kontemporean
Authors: Soni Irawan Ah.
Published: April 2022

Konsep pendekatan sistem maqāshid al-sharīah yang digagas oleh Jasser Auda dapat menjadi solusi alternatif untuk menghadapi berbagai persoalan kontemporer yang kompleks akibat perubahan ruang, waktu, budaya dan modernisasi hukum Islam, dimana fikih perbandingan madzhab (fiqh muqāranah) yang didalamnya berisikan koleksi hukum-hukum Islam dirasa masih kurang memadai dalam menjawab persoalan kontemporer yang selalu muncul di tengah masyarakat modern. Berbasis maqāshid yang telah mengalami pergeseran makna dari penjagaan, perlindungan dan pelestarian menuju kepada pengembangan dan pemuliaan hak-hak asasi manusia melalui upaya pembaruan, keterbukaan dan keluwesan hukum Islam, dirasa lebih berdaya guna dan mampu mempertahankan validitas ijtihad suatu hukum berdasarkan tingkat pencapaian tujuanya. Dalam rangka mereformasi filsafat hukum Islam melalui fungsi fitur-fitur sistem sebagaimana yang telah dioptimalkan oleh Jasser Auda, konsep maqāshid menjadi tujuan inti dari seluruh metodologi ijtihad ushul linguistik (qat’iyyah dilalah), keaslian historis (qat’iyyah al-tsubut) maupun rasional (al-qat al-mantiqi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan sekaligus menunjukkan proses kerja teori pendekatan sistem maqāshid al-sharīah Jasser Auda, yang terdiri atas watak kognitif (cognitif nature) menuju validasi seluruh kognisi, kemenyeluruhan (wholenes) menuju holisme, keterbukaan (openess) menuju pembaruan diri, hierarki saling berkaitan (interelated hierarchy), multidimensionalitas (multi-dimensionality) menuju ushul fiqh yang multidimensional serta kebermaksudan (purposefulness). Keenam fitur tersebut saling berhubungan dan berkaitan erat untuk  membentuk suatu keutuhan sistem berfikir yang utuh dalam menghadapi problematika hukum yang masih diperdebatkan.
Measurement report: Simultaneous multi-site observations of VOCs in Shanghai, East China: characteristics, sources and secondary formation potentials
Authors: Han Yu , Wang Tao , Li Rui , Fu Hongbo , Duan Yusen , Gao Song , Zhang Liwu , Chen Jianmin
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have important impacts on air quality, climate, and human health. In order to identify the characteristics, sources and secondary formation potentials of the atmospheric VOCs varying with land use types, a concurrent multi-site observation campaign was performed at the supersites of Shanghai, East China, in the first three months of 2019. During the observation period, the average VOC concentrations were 21.39, 21.36 and 11.93 ppb at the Jinshan (JS), Pudong (PD) and Qingpu (QP) sites, respectively. The predominant VOC category was alkanes (49–61 %), followed by aromatics (11–21 %), alkenes (10–15 %) and alkyne (8–14 %) at the above sites. The sampling sites exhibited distinct diurnal variations and “weekend effects” of VOCs. The VOC concentrations increased by 27.15, 32.85 and 22.42 % during the haze events relative to the clean days during the measurements. Vehicle exhaust was determined as the predominant VOC source. The second largest VOC contributor was identified as industrial production at the JS and PD sites, while fuel evaporation was the second important source at the QP site. High potential source contribution function (PSCF) values appeared in the northeastern and northern Shanghai near the sampling sites, suggesting the strong local emissions. The secondary organic aerosol formation potential, mainly contributed by the aromatics, was higher at the JS site (1.00 μg m-3) than those at the PD (0.46 μg m-3) and QP (0.41 μg m-3) sites. The VOCs-PM2.5 sensitivity analysis showed that the VOCs at the QP site could be more sensitive to the PM2.5 concentration relative to the other two sites. The ozone formation potentials (OFP) were calculated to be 50.89, 33.94 and 24.26 ppb during the campaign at the JS, PD and QP sites, respectively. The VOCs-O3 sensitivity indicated that the VOCs-SO3 values varied at the different sites and were primarily controlled by the alkene-related reactions. Alkenes and aromatics are thus the key concerns in controlling the VOC-related pollution of SOA and O3 in the diverse districts of Shanghai. The findings of this study provide new insights into the accurate air-quality control at a city level in China due to a wide variety of land-use types. The results shown herein highlight that the simultaneous multiple-site measurements in the megacity or city cluster could be more appropriate to fully understand the VOC characteristics relative to a single-site measurement performed normally.
Impacts of marine organic emissions on low level stratiform clouds – a large eddy simulator study
Authors: Prank Marje , Tonttila Juha , Ahola Jaakko , Kokkola Harri , Kühn Thomas , Romakkaniemi Sami , Raatikainen Tomi
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The goal of this study is to investigate the role of organic aerosols emitted with sea spray or formed from marine gas phase emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in influencing the stability of stratiform marine clouds. We aim at pointing out the processes and drivers that could be relevant in larger scale and should thus be considered in global climate models. We employ large eddy simulator that includes a detailed description of aerosols, cloud droplets and rain drops together with different model parameterizations for emission of sea salt, primary organic aerosol and VOCs from sea surface, and oxidation of the emitted VOCs and partitioning of the resulting semi-volatile organic species between vapor and aerosol phases. As a case study, we apply the model to simulate the conditions of the DYCOMS-II observational campaign characterized by low level stratocumulus clouds transitioning from closed cells to drizzling open cell structure. We find that the inclusion of online sea spray emissions can both extend and shorten the lifetime of the cloud layer based on the parameterization employed. Fine sea spray provides extra cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and delays the onset of drizzle as the collision-coalescence process is slowed down due to smaller cloud droplet mean size. From the same emissions, the coarse mode has an opposite effect due to giant CCN (GCCN) speeding up the drizzle formation through the enhanced collision-coalescence processes. The balance between two process depends on the model parameterization employed. Compared to differences between different sea spray parameterizations, the sensitivity of the clouds to the variations in organic fraction of sea spray and hygroscopicity of the emitted fine aerosols is relatively limited. However, our results show that it is important to account for the size dependence of the sea spray organic fraction as attributing organic emissions to coarse mode noticeably reduces the GCCN effect. In addition, including the secondary aerosol formation from VOCs can potentially have a noticeable impact, but only when emitting the highest observed fluxes of monoterpenes. This impact is also highly sensitive on the size distribution of the background aerosol population. SOA production from isoprene is visible only if aqueous phase SOA production pathways are included in the model, and even then, the effect is lower than from monoterpenes.
Atmospheric Oxidation Mechanism and Kinetics of Indole Initiated by ·OH and ·Cl: A Computational Study
Authors: Xue Jingwen , Ma Fangfang , Elm Jonas , Chen Jingwen , Xie Hong-Bin
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The atmospheric chemistry of organic nitrogen compounds (ONCs) is of great importance for understanding the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines and ONC oxidation products might influence atmospheric aerosol particle formation and growth. Indole is a polyfunctional heterocyclic secondary amine with global emission quantity almost equivalent to that of trimethylamine, the amine with the highest atmospheric emission. However, the atmospheric chemistry of indole remains unclear. Herein, the reactions of indole with ·OH/·Cl, and subsequent reactions of resulting indole-radicals with O2 under 200 ppt NO and 50 ppt HO2· conditions, were investigated by a combination of quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling. The results indicate that ·OH addition is dominant pathway for the reaction of ·OH with indole. However, both ·Cl addition and H-abstraction are feasible for the corresponding reaction with ·Cl. All favorably formed indole-radicals further react with O2 to produce peroxy radicals, which mainly react with NO and HO2· to form organonitrates, alkoxy radicals and hydroperoxide products. Therefore, the oxidation mechanism of indole is distinct from that of previously reported amines, which primarily form highly oxidized multifunctional compounds, imines or carcinogenic nitrosamines. In addition, the peroxy radicals from the ·OH reaction can form N-(2-formylphenyl)formamide (C8H7NO2), for the first time providing evidence for the chemical identity of the C8H7NO2 mass peak observed in the ·OH + indole experiments. More importantly, this study is the first to demonstrate despite forming radicals by abstracting an H-atom at the N-site, carcinogenic nitrosamines were not produced in the indole oxidation reaction.
Repeatable high-resolution statistical downscaling through deep learning
Authors: Quesada-Chacón Dánnell , Barfus Klemens , Bernhofer Christian
Published: April 2022

Abstract. One of the major obstacles for designing solutions against the imminent climate crisis is the scarcity of high spatio-temporal resolution model projections for variables such as precipitation. This kind of information is crucial for impact studies in fields like hydrology, agronomy, ecology and risk management. The currently highest spatial resolution datasets on a daily scale for projected conditions fail to represent complex local variability. We used deep learning (DL) based statistical downscaling (SD) methods to obtain daily 1 km resolution gridded data for precipitation in the Eastern Ore Mountains in Saxony, Germany. We built upon the well established climate4R framework, while adding modifications to its base-code and introducing skip connections based DL architectures, such as U-Net and U-Net++. We also aimed to address the known general reproducibility issues by creating a containerized environment with multi-GPU and TensorFlow’s deterministic operations support. The perfect prognosis approach was applied using the ERA5 reanalysis and the ReKIS (Regional Climate Information System for Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia) dataset. The results were validated with the VALUE framework. The introduced architectures show a clear performance improvement when compared to previous SD benchmarks. Characteristics of the DL models configurations that promote their suitability for this specific task were identified, tested and argued. Full model repeatability was achieved employing the same physical GPU.
Introducing a VIIRS-based Fire Emission Inventory version 0 (VFEIv0)
Authors: Ferrada Gonzalo A. , Zhou Meng , Wang Jun , Lyapustin Alexei , Wang Yujie , Freitas Saulo R. , Carmichael Gregory R.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. A new open biomass burning inventory is presented that relies on the fire radiative power data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi NPP satellite. This VIIRS-based Fire Emission Inventory (VFEI) provides emission data from early 2012 to 2019 for more than 40 species of gases and aerosols at spatial resolutions of around 500 m. We found that VFEI produces similar results when compared to other major inventories in many regions of the world. Additionally, we conducted regional simulations using VFEI with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) for Southern Africa (September 2016) and North America (July–August 2019). We compared aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the model against two observational datasets: the MODIS Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) product and AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) stations. Results showed good agreement between both simulations and the datasets, with mean AOD biases of around +0.03 for Southern Africa and –0.01 for North America. Both simulations were not only able to reproduce accurately the AOD magnitudes, but also the inter-diurnal variations of smoke concentration. In addition, we made use of the airborne data from the ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES; Southern Africa) and the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments Experiment and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ; North America) campaigns to evaluate the simulations. In Southern Africa, results showed correlations higher than 0.77 when comparing carbon monoxide and black carbon. In North America, correlations were lower and biases higher. However, this is because the model was not able to reproduce the timing, shape, and location of individual plumes over complex terrain (Rocky Mountains) during the FIREX-AQ campaign period.
Design and Testing of a Multi-Hazard Risk Rapid Assessment Questionnaire for Hill Communities in the Indian Himalayan Region
Authors: Chouhan Shivani , Mukherjee Mahua
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is prone to multiple hazards and suffers great loss of life and damage to infrastructure and property every year. Poor engineering construction, unplanned and unregulated development, and relatively low awareness and capacity in communities for supporting disaster risk mitigation are, directly and indirectly, contributing to the risk and severity of disasters. A comprehensive review of various existing survey forms for Risk assessment has found that the survey questionnaires themselves have not been designed or optimized, specifically, for hill communities. Hill communities are distinctly different from low-land communities, with distinct characteristics and susceptibility to specific hazard and risk scenarios. Previous studies have, on the whole, underrepresented the specific characteristics of hill communities, and the increasing threat of natural disasters in the IHR creates an imperative to design hill-specific questionnaires for multi-hazards risk assessment. The main objective of this study is to design and test a hill-specific risk assessment survey form that contains more accurate information for hill communities and hill-based infrastructure and allows for the surveys to be completed efficiently and in less time. The enhanced survey form is described herein and is validated through a pilot survey at several locations in the hills of Uttarakhand, India. The survey form covers data related to vulnerability from Earthquake (Rapid Visual Screening), Flood, Landslide, High Wind, Industrial, etc. The proposed form is self-explanatory, pictorial with easy terminologies, and is divided into various sections for a better understanding of the surveyor, etc. The testing and validation process confirmed that the survey questionnaire performed well and met expectations in its application. The form is readily transferrable to other locations in the IHR and could be internationalized and used throughout the Himalaya.
Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry
Authors: Kneib Marin , Miles Evan S. , Buri Pascal , Fugger Stefan , McCarthy Michael , Shaw Thomas E. , Chuanxi Zhao , Truffer Martin , Westoby Matthew J. , Yang Wei , Pellicciotti Francesca
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Melt from supraglacial ice cliffs is an important contributor to the mass loss of debris-covered glaciers. However, ice cliff contribution is difficult to quantify as they are highly dynamic features, and the paucity of observations of melt rates and their variability leads to large modeling uncertainties. We quantify monsoon season melt and 3D evolution of four ice cliffs over two debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia (Langtang Glacier, Nepal, and 24 K Glacier, Tibet) at very high resolution using terrestrial photogrammetry applied to imagery captured from time-lapse cameras installed on lateral moraines. We derive weekly flow-corrected DEMs of the glacier surface with an estimated uncertainty of +/- 0.2 m for Langtang Glacier and +/- 0.06 m for 24 K Glacier and use change detection to determine distributed melt rates at the surfaces of the ice cliffs throughout the study period. We compare the measured melt patterns with those derived from a 3D energy balance model to derive the contribution of the main energy fluxes. We find that ice cliff melt varies considerably throughout the melt season, with maximum melt rates of 5 to 8 cm.day-1, which is 3 to 38 times higher than the melt rates of the surrounding debris-covered ice. Our results highlight the influence of redistributed supraglacial debris on cliff melt. At both sites, ice cliff albedo is influenced by the presence of thin debris at the ice cliff surface, which is largely controlled on 24 K Glacier by liquid precipitation events that wash away this debris. Slightly thicker or patchy debris reduces melt by 1–2 cm.day-1 at all sites. Ultimately, our observations show a strong variability in cliff area, which is controlled by supraglacial streams and ponds and englacial cavities that promote debris slope destabilization and the lateral expansion of the cliffs. These findings highlight the need to better represent processes of debris redistribution in ice cliff models, to in turn improve estimates of ice cliff contribution to glacier melt and the long-term geomorphological evolution of debris-covered glacier surfaces.
Advancing nursing students’ transition to scholarship: embedding a librarian into the Advanced Nursing Research course
Authors: Pleshkan Viktoriya , Singarella Irma
Published: April 2022

Background: Nursing students often prioritize learning clinical skills rather than research skills, possibly inhibiting their growth as scholars. Supporting nursing students’ learning of information literacy skills has been shown to impact nurses’ involvement with research after graduation. This suggests a need for developing innovative information literacy teaching strategies that can enable nursing students to better understand the process of research and how to apply research to practice.
Case Presentation: This article describes the implementation of the embedded librarian project at the course level at the University of Memphis. A librarian was integrated into the Advanced Nursing Research course, a semester-long course for graduate nursing students, for the fall 2020 semester. This case shares the embedded librarian project’s implementation and evaluation strategies.
Conclusions: The embedded librarian project aided students’ acquisition of information literacy skills at the University of Memphis. Students reported that the embedded librarian project helped them complete assignments for their research course. Using an embedded librarian service within the graduate nursing curricula model may enhance scholarship among future nurses.
Integration of arts and humanities in medicine to develop well-rounded physicians: the roles of health sciences librarians
Authors: Mi Misa , Wu Lin , Zhang Yingting , Wu Wendy
Published: April 2022

Over the past ten years, there has been a growing interest in integrating arts and humanities in medicine to increase learners’ empathy and resilience; improve personal well-being, communication, and observational skills; enhance self-reflection; and promote professionalism. These desired skills and qualities are becoming increasingly important for the physicians of tomorrow. Parallel to curricular interventions of integrating arts and humanities to medical education, there has been ​an increasing research interest in investigating the impact of such interventions on medical students with respect to improving and sustaining students’ empathy as they progress in their medical education and develop their professional identity. Research has yielded interesting findings on the types and effect of the interventions in the medical curriculum. The Association of the American Medical Colleges (AAMC), recognizing the unique and unrealized role of arts and humanities in preparing and equipping physicians for twenty-first-century challenges, proposed seven recommendations for advancing arts and humanities integration into medical education to improve the education, practice, and well-being of physicians and physician learners across the spectrum of medical education. Institutional initiatives of arts and humanities integration in the medical curriculum in response to the AAMC’s recommendations afford health sciences librarians expansive opportunities and a new landscape of playing an important role in these initiatives. With their diverse educational background in arts, humanities, social sciences, and many other disciplines and fields, health sciences librarians are poised for meaningful contributions to their institutional goals in developing a humanistic, compassionate workforce of future physicians.
III. NORMAS ESTILÍSTICAS
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: April 2022

N/A
Lawrence La Fountain-Stokes. Translocas. The Politics of Puerto Rican Drag and Trans Performance.
Authors: Hernández Wilfredo
Published: April 2022

N/A
Tra retorica e storia. I preamboli pontifici del codice Villarense e qualche episodio petrino dalle artes dictandi del XII secolo
Authors: Bartoli Elisabetta
Published: April 2022

Questo contributo è dedicato alla discussa possibilità di utilizzare le notizie storiche contenute nei trattati di ars dictandi e nelle sillogi di lettere modello composte dai maestri a scopo esemplificativo. Per dimostrare il grado di attendibilità e i metodi attraverso cui i maestri rielaborano le vicende storiche, nell’articolo vengono analizzati alcuni preamboli pontifici usati da dettatore per allestire una collezione di exordia e alcune lettere modello che parlano delle vicende dei papi nel XII secolo.
From Kinematic to Energetic Control of Wearable Robots for Agile Human Locomotion
Authors: Gregg Robert
Published: April 2022

Even with the help of modern prosthetic and orthotic devices, individuals with lower-limb amputation, neurological disorders, or orthopedic disorders often struggle to walk in the home and community. Emerging powered prosthetic and orthotic devices could actively assist patients to enable greater mobility, but these devices are currently designed to produce a small set of pre-defined motions. Finite state machines are typically used to switch controllers between discrete phases of the gait cycle, e.g., heel contact vs. toe contact, and between different tasks, e.g., uphill vs. downhill. However, this discrete methodology cannot continuously synchronize the robot’s motion to the timing or activity of the human user. This talk will first present a continuous parameterization of human joint patterns based on 1) a phase variable that robustly represents the timing of the human gait cycle, and 2) task variables representing ground slope and walking speed. This parameterization is employed for user-synchronized control of a new powered knee-ankle prosthesis, which enables above-knee amputee subjects to walk at variable speeds/inclines with reduced compensations of intact joints. This approach will also be extended to continuously-varying impedance control to provide more normative joint energetics. While these methods reproduce missing joint function, a different control philosophy is needed for exoskeletons that assist existing joint function. The last part of this talk will introduce an energetic control paradigm for backdrivable exoskeletons to alter the human body’s dynamics without prescribing joint kinematics, e.g., reducing the perceived weight and inertia of the limbs. This control approach is implemented on exoskeletons with high-torque, low-impedance actuators, which provide the necessary backdrivability to facilitate volitional human control.
Analyzing family planning expenditure in Bangladesh
Authors: Azim Md. Ragaul , Sultana Nasrin , Tulon K. M. Nafiz Ifteakhar , Islam Md. Sirajul , Hamid Syed Abdul
Published: April 2022

Background

The study conducts a family planning spending assessment to identify the resource gap for attaining family planning goals of Bangladesh’s 4th Health, Population, and Nutrition Sector Program (HPNSP). This study is motivated by the paucity of published literature on tracking family planning spending, especially in the Asian context. The study aims at tracking family planning spending from government sources by the agents, providers, service categories, and inputs of family planning services in Bangladesh.

Methods

We utilized a modified version of the National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) methodology to track family planning spending incurred by the government during the fiscal year 2018-19 (July 2018 to June 2019) and the equal period of 2019-20, focusing on the contraceptives.

Results

The total family planning expenditures were US$262.90 million and US$229.00 million in the fiscal year 2018-19 and 2019-20, respectively. The Directorate General of Family Planning (DGFP) managed a major share of the available family planning funds (93.4% and 90.1%, for two investigated years), while the Upazila Family Planning Office (UFPO) acted as the primary service provider, with over half of the resources spent. Salaries and allowances constituted the largest share of all costs (60.6% and 61.0%), while monitoring, evaluation and research amounted to an almost negligible share.

Conclusions

The findings of this study warrant an increase in the family planning funds to reduce the unmet need and discontinuation of the current family planning methods. Future studies should explore the whole gamut of family planning spending by including the share of development partners, NGOs, and out of pocket payments.
Research on Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant Algorithm Based on Trust Mechanism
Authors: Hui Pang Hui Pang , Hui Pang Yanan Liu , Yanan Liu Xiumei Wen , Xiumei Wen Yingxue Mu
Published: April 2022

The consensus algorithm is one of the core technologies of the blockchain, which determines how the nodes in the blockchain network reach a consensus and enable them to jointly maintain a piece of data. This paper focuses on the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant Algorithm (PBFT Algorithm), and proposes a Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant Algorithm based on Trust Mechanism (TM-PBFT Algorithm) to solve the problems of its low fault-tolerant rate and high communication cost. This algorithm supports voting for trusted nodes before the consensus cycle starts. In order to make nodes actively vote and vote for reliable nodes, this paper models the trust degree of nodes. In addition, the time factor is added to the Shapley value to design a new reward and punishment scheme, which makes the distribution of income of each node more reasonable and further encourages nodes to vote for reliable nodes. As the system runs for a long time, the probability of malicious nodes becoming master nodes decreases. Finally, a comparison experiment between the proposed algorithm and the PBFT algorithm shows that the fault tolerance and throughput of the TM-PBFT algorithm are higher than that of the PBFT algorithm, and the communication bandwidth overhead is lower than that of the PBFT algorithm.

 
Sisters Under the Skin: The Great Gatsby as Jazz and Racial History
Authors: Phillips Tom
Published: April 2022

In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses a technique of “narrative syncopation” to deliver key information on the off-beat, away from the emphasis of a scene or a sentence, slipping it under the reader’s attention. This is both a “jazz” style and a strategy for concealing potentially scandalous material, such as the racial secret of the novel: the family relationship between Daisy and Jordan Baker. In the same way a jazz band can transform a sentimental pop song, Fitzgerald takes a sentimental love story and weaves it into a racial and social history of “The Jazz Age.” Daisy’s “low, thrilling” voice holds the reader on the romantic theme, while in the background, off the beat, Fitzgerald constructs and deconstructs a jazz history of the world, that is, the New World: America.
A Theology of Forgiveness: Theosis in Matthew 18:15–35
Authors: Kim Kangil
Published: April 2022

Jesus’s discussion of the discipline of the church (Matt 18:15–35) shows an example of theosis. While there has been growing interest in theosis among NT scholars, little work has been done on theosis in Matthew’s Gospel. Moreover, scholars who do recognize theosis in Matthew’s Gospel do not attend to how God and the human are united. This article seeks to fill the lacuna. The purpose of this study is to offer a theological exegesis of forgiveness in Jesus’s church discipline. I aim to demonstrate that forgiveness as an embodied way of life is a hermeneutical key to theosis, namely, our transformative participation in God’s life. Forgiveness as an embodied way of life requires the cultivation of particular practices, such as prayer and repentance. This study shows that embodying forgiveness through the practices of prayer and repentance is to take part in the nature and will of the Father in heaven who desires love and mercy (7:21; 12:50; 18:19, 35).
METODOLOGIA PARA A REPRODUTIBILIDADE DA ÁREA SUPERFICIAL DE UM ELETRODO DE ESTANHO DURANTE UM ESTUDO DE CRESCIMENTO DE ÓXIDOS
Authors: Costa Tiago Brandão , Nogueira Tania Maria Cavalcanti
Published: April 2022

No presente trabalho foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para obter-se reprodutibilidade da área superficial de um eletrodo de estanho durante o estudo do crescimento de óxidos de estanho em soluções tampão borato e fosfato, pH 8,7. Para isto, o tratamento superficial anterior a cada crescimento voltamétrico anódico do óxido de estanho foi realizado a potencial catódico na mesma solução a – 1,2 V durante 10 minutos. A reprodutibilidade da área superficial pode ser comprovada pela reprodutibilidade das densidades de carga anódicas dos voltamogramas anódicos a 50 mVs-1 posteriores a cada tratamento.
APLICAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA DE SUPERFÍCIE DE RESPOSTA PARA ESTUDO DO PROCESSO SÍNTESE DO NITRETO CÚBICO DE BORO - CBN UTILIZANDO MG COMO CATALISADOR
Authors: Nunes Luã Monteiro Guimarães
Published: April 2022

O Nitreto cúbico de boro (cBN) é um material imprescindível para usinagem com alta precisão e alta velocidade de materiais ferrosos como aço, pois, diferentemente do diamante, o cBN não reage ao ferro sob determinadas temperaturas, conservando sua integridade física e estabilidade química durante o processo de corte e usinagem. Isso se traduz na capacidade de manter o gume de corte afiado e dimensões constantes na mecanização (corte, usinagem e polimento) do principal material utilizado na indústria, que é o aço. Além disso, o uso de insertos à base de cBN como ferramenta de usinagem pode eliminar a necessidade de retífica das peças, o que economiza máquinas, mão de obra especializada e tempo de processo. Esse material apresenta boas perspectivas, sobretudo na indústria metal-mecânica, na qual a produtividade, aliada ao nível de precisão, é imprescindível na busca pela competitividade. Sendo recomendadas para trabalhar sob condições severas, tais como corte intermitente, em que dureza deve estar associada com tenacidade para evitar a quebra. Na síntese do cBN, são aplicados, basicamente, dois tipos de catalisadores: nitreto de magnésio e magnésio. Cada qual oferece diferentes possibilidades, tais como maiores valores de profundidade de corte ou menor nível de rugosidade superficial. Este artigo busca contribuir com o nível de informações referentes ao processo de síntese de nitreto cúbico de boro, principalmente com a manipulação dos parâmetros aplicados no regime de síntese. Dessa forma, espera-se agregar novas informações acerca da síntese de cBN e, consequentemente, o desenvolvimento da tecnologia, em escala laboratorial, de sua produção.
APLICAÇÃO DE SEPARAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA DE ALTA INTENSIDADE (WHIMS) NO BENEFICIAMENTO DE ITABIRITOS POBRES
Authors: Silva João Paulo Melo , Peres Antônio Eduardo Clark
Published: April 2022

Atualmente, nas usinas de beneficiamento de itabiritos pobres (%Fe≈45,0) a flotação reversa de quartzo é a etapa de concentração mais comumente aplicada. Na maioria das vezes os circuitos de flotação são precedidos por circuitos de classificação em hidrociclones que têm como objetivo retirar do processo partículas ultrafinas. No entanto, esta rota de processo começa a enfrentar problemas para manter os mesmos níveis de recuperação metálica e de qualidade de concentrado quando o teor de Fe na alimentação das plantas é menor que 40,0%. Foram realizados testes avaliando a aplicação de separação magnética de alta intensidade no beneficiamento de itabiritos pobres. Na rota de processo avaliada (separação magnética + flotação), a etapa de separação magnética executa a função de préconcentração e deslamagem. O teor de SiO2 no concentrado foi de 1,46% (menor que o teor objetivo de 2,00%). As recuperações mássica e metalúrgica obtidas com a rota separação magnética + flotação foram maiores em termos absolutos 3,3% e 4,4%, respectivamente.
OTIMIZAÇÃO DE INJEÇÃO DE POLIAMIDA PA66 COM 50% GF USANDO MÉTODO TAGUCHI
Authors: Moraes João Francisco Amâncio de
Published: April 2022

A necessidade de materiais mais leves e de maior produtividade em substituição às ligas metálicas se torna cada dia maior, o que demanda o constante desenvolvimento de compósitos poliméricos e eficazes processos de fabricação. A moldagem por injeção é um método de processamento de alta taxa de produção, e tem a capacidade de produzir formas complexas de produtos plásticos a um custo relativamente baixo e com tempo de processo relativamente curto. Neste trabalho foram estudados os fatores, temperatura de processamento, fluxo volumétrico, pressão de recalque, contrapressão, velocidade da rosca e tempo de recalque, através de uma matriz ortogonal Taguchi L16 e, como resposta do estudo, mediu-se a resistência máxima de tração (RTmáx), numa poliamida 66 com carga de 50% de fibra de vidro, Grivory GV-5H® . Fez-se uso da metodologia ANOVA para identificar-se os fatores de maior significância para o processo. A melhor resistência máxima de tração obtida de 242,6 N/m2 , mostrou-se como uma opção na substituição à aplicações de ligas metálicas de alumínio. A melhor resultado se obteve com a temperatura de processamento em 270°C, o fluxo volumétrico de 83 cm³/s, a pressão de recalque de 300 bar, a contrapressão de 10 bar, velocidade da rosca de 50 min-1 e o tempo de recalque com valor de 5 s. As porcentagens de contribuição encontradas foram pressão de recalque com contribuição de 61%, seguido da temperatura de processamento, com contribuição de 17% e em terceiro, o fluxo volumétrico com contribuição de 12%.
ESTABILIDADE HIDRODINÂMICA DIRECIONAL DE MANIFOLDS SUBMARINOS DURANTE SUA INSTALAÇÃO PELO MÉTODO PENDULAR
Authors: Cerqueira Gustavo Calazans de , Fernandes Antonio Carlos
Published: April 2022

A instalação de grandes equipamentos submarinos em águas profundas apresenta uma série de desafios. O Método Pendular foi desenvolvido para possibilitar a realização desse tipo de serviço com segurança e economicidade garantidas. Este trabalho racionaliza tal método e, além disso, considera sistemas para evitar o capotamento, durante um momento crítico do método que é o início da descida. O trabalho apresenta uma modelagem matemática fenomenológica a partir de casos similares, na qual se inclui o efeito do desprendimento de vórtices sobre o corpo. Para validação, a investigação compara a modelagem proposta com resultados de testes experimentais realizados com modelos físicos. Com a confirmação da aderência dos resultados numéricos com os experimentos, esta abordagem pode ser uma ferramenta de engenharia para dimensionamento dos equipamentos submarinos instalados pelo Método Pendular para que sejam direcionalmente estáveis.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DE MODELOS PARAMÉTRICOS NA SIMULAÇÃO DE ALTURA DE ONDAS NO RESERVATÓRIO DE ITAIPU
Authors: Marques Marcelo , Andrade Fernando Oliveira de , Arantes Elaine Patricia , Okawa Cristhiane Michilo Passos , Ferreira Isabela Arantes
Published: April 2022

O presente trabalho visa apresentar uma análise comparativa bidimensional entre os modelos MARQUES e JONSWAP, com base em ventos severos com tempo de recorrência de 10, 20, 50 e 100 anos, de acordo com dados disponibilizados pelo Sistema Meteorológico do Paraná (SIMEPAR). É analisado o reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipu – Paraná, localizado no Rio Paraná. Através da utilização do modelo ONDACAD foram determinados os campos de fetch e a transformação em campos de ondas pela utilização dos modelos paramétricos MARQUES e JONSWAP. Ao proceder a análise constatou-se que, ao majorar os resultados do modelo JONSWAP em 78% chega-se aos resultados bidimensionais gerados pelo modelo Marques. Esta condição foi verificada para situações de ventos extremos, ou seja, superiores a 20ms-1 e corpos hídricos que possuem fetch máximo da ordem de 10 quilômetros.