bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
规划环境影响评价在生态城市建设中的应用研究
Authors: 张 昊 , 杨 琼分
Published: April 2020

伴随着市场经济的发展和进步,生态城市建设受到了广泛关注,如何有效应用多元化规划管理手段,需要各级政府深入思考。在生态城市建设规划内,要对环境影响因素进行综合评价,从而建立更加完整且有效的管理规划,促进经济效益和环保效益的共赢。本文简要分析了规划环境影响评价的内涵和基本工作程序,并对规划环境影响评价的意义予以阐释,最后集中讨论了规划环境影响评价在生态城市建设中的应用路径,仅供参考。
摸清坡耕地底数、争取退耕还林工程、助推盘州脱贫攻坚
Authors: 邱 光明
Published: April 2020

退耕还林工程是党中央、国务院从全局角度出发,制定出维护社会经济可持续发展的重大战略部署,为生态保护工程的重要环节,具有政策性强、参与人员众多、投资巨大等特点。退耕还林工程有效促进了我国脱贫攻坚工作的全面开展,是贫困山区人民步入小康社会的重要前提。盘州市具有丰富的坡耕地资源,要充分掌握区域内耕地基本情况,利用好现有条件,通过实施退耕还林工程,提高群众收入水平,加快脱贫步伐。
园林工程设计与施工管理相脱节的问题解析
Authors: 程 静波
Published: April 2020

园林工程施工实际就是将设计意图在具体的生活实际中加以实现,因此,设计园林工程时,必须要充分考虑到施工条件及各种情况。在施工过程中,设计人员和施工单位应展开充分地交流和商议,施工方应充分领会设计方的意图,使方案的设计主旨得到表达和发挥。
Суть та роль наукової дипломатії в системі міжнародних відносин
Authors: Птащенко О.В. , Литовченко І.В. , Григорова Ю.В.
Published: April 2020

Роль дипломатії у багатополярному світі, що розвивається у напрямку всебічної інтеграції та глобалізації, змінюється і значно зростає. У статі виділено основні риси становлення дипломатичної діяльності у сучасних міжнародних відносинах.

Багатостороння дипломатія потребує обов'язкового дотримання всіх етапів процедури, а також чіткого розуміння взаємозалежності між різноманітними багатосторонніми структурами, здатність будувати та мобілізувати вигідні для себе політичні альянси. Особливого значення в рамках багатосторонньої дипломатії набуває переговорна процедура.

Найяскравішим прикладом змін у традиційній дипломатії є трансформація зовнішньополітичного механізму та дипломатичних структур у країнах Європейського Союзу.

Шлях до універсального сталого розвитку, вирішення конфесійних та етнічних конфронтацій лежить через глобальну розмову, засновану на прийнятті та утвердженні принципів справедливості та прав людини, толерантності та культури миру. В усі часи дипломатія, незалежно від її історичної моделі, була покликана слугувати найбільш ефективним інструментом спілкування.
KOMUNIKASI PEMERINTAHAN MELALUI TANDA PAGAR #ENERGIBERKEADILAN PADA MEDIA SOSIAL KEMENTERIAN ENERGI DAN SUMBER DAYA MINERAL
Authors: Ramadani Thoriq
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komunikasi pemerintahan melalui tanda pagar (tagar) #EnergiBerkeadilan pada media sosial Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM). Penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus pada media sosial Kementerian ESDM. Teknik pengumpulan data primer dan data sekunder, data primer dari wawancara terhadap key informants dan data sekunder berupa tinjauan literatur seperti jurnal, buku dan peraturan terkait. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa tagar #EnergiBerkeadilan merupakan rangkuman dari Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 dan Nawa Cita Presiden Joko Widodo, yang merupakan tagline dari Kementerian ESDM dan diteruskan menjadi tagar di media sosial Kementerian ESDM. Tagar #EnergiBerkeadilan (1) dianggap belum merubah bagaimana kita berbicara secara verbal atau non verbal pada media sosial, (2) menjadi campaign terkait program dan capaian kinerja sektor ESDM pada media sosial Kementerian ESDM, (3) bisa digunakan atau dijadikan sumber pencarian konten, (4) memerlukan kegiatan yang terencana dan dilakukan secara luas, untuk menjadi sarana baru gerakan sosial tagar #EnergiBerkeadilan yang membuat masyarakat tertarik berpartisipasi pada kegiatan tersebut, dan (5) Kementerian ESDM secara rutin melaksanakan kegiatan Temu Netizen, untuk merubah bagaimana membangun komunitas virtual.
THE ROLE OF SATISFACTION ON UNIVERSITY BRAND PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY AT HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Diep Le Thi Bich
Published: April 2020

Students were the main customers of universities. As such, providing service quality of education and satisfying students’ needs as well as expectations were vital for universities to succeed. This research focused on the relationship between education service quality (facilities, library, lecturers, administration staff, curriculum, extracurricular activities, and course management) and university brand performance through student's satisfaction. A questionnaire was distributed to 272 last-year students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH). The convenience sampling method was used. The reliability and validity of the instruments were fitted and showed high value. A path analysis was conducted to identify the impact of the relationship between concepts. The results of the research also indicated that student satisfaction played a mediator role in the impact of education service quality on university brand performance. The findings of this research would provide a recommendation for managers to determine the sustainability of the university by looking at the education service quality.
UNDERGRADUATES’ AWARENESS AND OBSTACLES ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Francis Kristina , Mutty Bharathi , Kaur Malvin , Kunalan Ranjini , Mohd Anis Nurullashkeen
Published: April 2020

The English language is a global language as it’s the most commonly spoken language in the world by many people around the world. Nevertheless, it is also the language of international business and a necessity for people to speak English if they are to enter a corporate workforce. The English language is significant for employment as organizations are requiring and accepting applicants with good English proficiency. Therefore, it is vital for a student to learn and enhance their English language for a promising future. In learning and becoming proficient in the English Language, students are unable to grasp all of the language skills, especially when it comes to speaking skills. They face multiple challenges in communicating the language in the tertiary level of education as speaking skills is a stepping stone to their career. Thus, future graduates are unaware of the importance of English Language speaking skill as it is one of the necessities to be competitive in a global workforce. This research investigated the undergraduates’ perception and challenges on the importance of English language skill and mixed-method was adopted in this study. The results showed that the students understand the importance of English Language speaking skill and also, they have highlighted the challenges of improving their speaking skills.
SEX DIFFERENCES IN INTELLECTUAL ABILITY AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN PUTRAJAYA
Authors: Tang Lee Foong , Arshat Zarinah , Juhari Rumaya
Published: April 2020

Past research has shown that children with higher intellectual ability or intelligence quotient (IQ) were found less likely to be held back a grade in their schooling years and were less likely to be rejected by their peers or to have very few friends. The present study was conducted to determine the sex differences in intellectual ability among preschool children in Putrajaya. The research sample of 234 preschool children aged 6 from 16 private preschools in Putrajaya Malaysia was selected by using a cluster sampling technique. Preschool children’s intellectual ability was measured by using The Drawing-A-Person Intellectual Ability Test for Children, Adolescents, and Adults (DAP: IQ; Reynolds & Hickman, 2004). Higher scoring on the DAP: IQ signified higher IQ level which represents the higher intellectual ability of the preschool children. Results showed that there was a significant difference in intellectual ability, where preschool girls were found to have higher intellectual ability scores than boys. The study concluded that preschool boys and girls were different in their biology and social development which may cause differences in their intellectual ability level. The finding implied the need for more attention from the preschool setting to further improve their academic planning in order to enhance both preschool boys' and girl's learning and development.
The features of the technology of extracting ammonium perchlorate product of the disposal of solid rocket fuel
Authors: Pivovarov O.A. , Cheltonov M.M.
Published: April 2020

In the process of disposal of solid propellant (SP) from the curb of engines formed polymer matrix with the size of the fragments here 7×4×2–15×4×2 mm, which finds use as energy additive in the composition of emulsion explosives. The polymeric matrix includes: a binder, an oxidizer (ammonium perchlorate), energy supplements (HMX, aluminum) and technological additives. One of the most efficient ways to use polymer matrix is the production of a valuable energy component of ammonium perchlorate, HMX. The aim of this work is to establish the patterns and determination of parameters of the deletion of ammonium perchlorate from the products of recycling of solid propellant. To remove ammonium perchlorate from the polymer matrix, the polymer matrix samples were treated with water at a temperature of 20 °C and stirring for 1–4 hours. The target protein was removed by crystallization in the temperature range 30 °C to 8 °C. the resulting solid phase crystals of ammonium perchlorate was filtered, dried, weighed. According to the results of the experiments obtained for the constants and the General kinetic equation that describes the leaching process of ammonium perchlorate with a polymeric matrix of the solid propellant at a temperature of 20 °C. Microscopic analysis suggests that the results obtained from the polymeric matrix of the solid rocket fuel ammonium perchlorate is a crystal of irregular shape with particle sizes predominantly between 100 and 600 µm, the recovery rate of the target product amounted to 76.8 per cent with a basic substance content of 98,5 %. The extracted product after modification can be used in composite formulations as an oxidizing agent, or as raw material for conversion processing of the latter in the potassium perchlorate, a component of non-electric initiation systems. The data obtained after detailed techno-economic analysis can be considered as a basis for the creation of experimental-industrial production extraction of water-soluble component of solid propellant ammonium perchlorate.
Administrative Justice as a Way of Ensuring an Individual’s Rights and Freedoms (Experience in Analyzing of the Ivan T. Tarasov’s Theoretical Heritage)
Authors: Egorov Nikita
Published: April 2020

The relevance of the reconstruction and interpretation of a prominent Russian lawyer Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov’s (1849–1929) theoretical legacy is due to the theoretical and practical significance of the questions regarding the search for answers to topical issues of building a legal state in modern Russia, in which individual rights and freedoms are recognized as the highest value. The mechanisms for protecting these rights and freedoms that have been formed during various stages of Russian history do not always allow achieving the desired result, and therefore the search for ways to improve them is an urgent problem of theoretical and practical jurisprudence. An important contribution to solving the problems of our time can be made by the ideas of Russian scientists of the late XIX – early XX centuries, which still retain the potential of constructive influence on the regulation of public relations in Russia. The article is devoted to one of the problems that have been comprehended by I. T. Tarasov – the problem of determining the nature and purpose of administrative justice, which should be an effective means of ensuring the rights and freedoms of the individual. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical-materialistic, general scientific (historical, systemic) and special (historical-legal, comparative-legal) methods of legal research. Of great importance was the method of reconstruction and interpretation of legal ideas. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the pluralism of scientists' ideas about administrative justice was reflected in the identification of various approaches to understanding its essence and organization: administrative justice – justice in administrative and administrative matters; administrative justice - a system of public institutions for the consideration of public law disputes; administrative justice – a special procedural procedure for the consideration of disputes in the field of public administration. In the absence of a uniform approach to understanding the institution of administrative justice in modern Russia, the work of I. T. Tarasov is becoming increasingly relevant, which not only revealed the essential problems of the organization and functioning of administrative justice, but also made an attempt to solve them; determined the presence in Russia of all the necessary structural elements and tools for creating administrative justice, formulated specific proposals for the creation of administrative justice in Russia.
Temporary suspension of the accused (suspect) from work: gaps in legislative regulation and ways to overcome them
Authors: Stelmah Vladimir
Published: April 2020

Relevance of the research: In the Russian Federation a temporary suspension from work is provided as a measure of procedural coercion. Many theoretical and practical aspects of the application of this measure have not been fully explored, which complicates law enforcement practice and creates the prerequisites for violating its uniformity.Formulation of the problem: In the science a consensus has not been reached on subjects that may be removed from work. The correlation of temporary dismissal from work as a measure of procedural coercion with dismissal, carried out in a departmental manner. The law does not highlight the grounds for this coercive measure, does not specify the procedure for its election. There are no grounds for canceling a temporary suspension. Objectives and research methods: The aim of the study is to develop an optimal algorithm for applying temporary dismissal from work as a measure of procedural coercion, to determine the circle of subjects to which this measure is applied, to clarify the procedural order of its application, to formulate the grounds for canceling temporary suspension from work. In the work, the method of dialectical materialism was used, which involves the study of phenomena taking into account mutual relations and dependencies. Methods such as formal legal, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction were also used. Results and key findings: The correlation of the criminal procedure and the “departmental” dismissal is carried out. The grounds for applying this coercive measure are data on the person’s ability to continue to engage in criminal activity and oppose the investigation and judicial examination of the case while on work. Suspension may apply not only to officials, but to any employees, except for deputies and judges. The procedure for suspension from work is generally identical to the procedure for detention. At the hearing, the presence of the accused (suspect) must be ensured.
Termination of criminal prosecution for full reparation
Authors: Sherstnev Vladimir
Published: April 2020

The creation of a special conciliation-compensatory mechanism for resolving criminal law conflicts in the economic sphere is an urgent political and legal problem. Without its permission, it is impossible to establish a new system of legal relations in the economic sphere between the state, the population and business, corresponding to the needs of the socio-economic development of Russia. Formally, such a mechanism is provided for in Article 761 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and 281 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. Under his normal work, the main task would be solved: compensation for damage from economic crimes, restoration of social relations in the economy. In addition, this would be achieved with the maximum saving of forces and means of law enforcement agencies. However, in practice, primarily in the preliminary investigation, this legal mechanism is applied little and does not fulfill its purpose. The article explains the causes of this phenomenon and suggests measures to address them. Part of these measures, legal and technical in nature, is associated with the optimization of the existing model for terminating the criminal in connection with compensation for damage. Among them, it is proposed to refuse such conditions for deciding on the termination of a criminal case (prosecution), such as the primacy, degree of public danger of the crime, the fullness of the consent of a person with a suspicion (accusation) against him and others. However, a much greater effect of the analyzed legal mechanism could be achieved if the preliminary investigation was carried out. The establishment of a judicial procedure for bringing charges, forming the basis of criminal liability and exemption from it in connection with compensation for a crime committed in the economic sphere would make the procedure fair and open, and therefore attractive to all participants in a criminal case.
The main problems of operational-search counteraction to bribery in Russia (based on the example of the practice materials in the Komi Republic)
Authors: Danko Vladimir
Published: April 2020

The work is carried out on the basis of special methods of knowledge, including historical-legal, logical, formal-legal. In the article, taking into account scientific sources and practical experience, the legal problems of operative-search counteraction to crimes provided for in Article 290-291.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are considered. The analysis of bribery is realized jointly, because there are identical characteristics in all its corpus delicties – the same subject and object of crime. The existing norms of criminal and criminal procedure laws in relation to bribery are analyzed. Principal operative-search measures used in documentation of bribery are determined. They are surveillance and operational experiment. Their difference is justified and successful use examples are examined. An actual statistics of the Komi Republic for 2015-2018 is given. The lack of normative securing for interaction between operational subdivisions and preliminary investigation body is ascertained. Based on personal practical experience some measures to counteract bribery are proposed.
Censorship as a subject of police and legal theory
Authors: Kozinnikova Ekaterina
Published: April 2020

The article examines the institution of «press police» in the police law of the Russian Empire, as well as measures taken to tighten censorship in the late XIX – early XX century, as one of the ways to neutralize the socio-political situation in the country. The author analyzes the views of the most prominent Russian police officers: I. E. Andrievsky, N. N. Belyavsky, V. F. Deryuzhinsky, V. V. Ivanovsky, and I. T. Tarasov on the problem of restricting the rights and freedoms of the population, including freedom of speech and the press, under the conditions of the emergency legal regime of an exceptional situation. The author describes the significance of the exceptional position as a way to eliminate the extreme socio-political situation in the state, as well as a means of political prevention of the revolutionary threat to the state system. It is concluded that Russian state experts, in General, who advocated the development of the system of rights and freedoms of the population, in an extreme situation recognized the need to take measures to tighten censorship and restrict freedom of speech, however, in practice, this measure, even in conjunction with other protective measures, could not solve the problem of preserving the existing state system.
On the manifestation of creative abilities of employees of operational divisions of the Russian MIA
Authors: Kostina Ekaterina
Published: April 2020

The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that in the modern world in response to the invention of new methods of committing crimes, employees of operational units can oppose high professionalism and a flexible mind, the ability to quickly detect and implement new, original ways to solve problems. Arguments are presented in favor of the opinion that operational-search activities are related to creative professions; A detailed interpretation of the concept of “creative abilities” is given taking into account the points of view of broadcasting specialists in this field. The author dispels the stereotype that this type of activity is ossified, noting that in the daily work of the operative there is a place for art that is close to acting, relating to both reincarnation when introduced into criminal circles, and regular communication with citizens, limited by the task and time frame . The article presents the results of the content and psychological analysis of publications from specialized periodicals devoted to the performance of outstanding and famous employees of the past and present, such as “Shield and Sword”, “Petrovka 38” and others. Based on the collected data and taking into account the assumption that all available creative abilities are similar in manifestation regardless of the historical context, a general table of various manifestations of creative abilities in official activities is compiled, detailed interpretations of individual points are given, and the percentage of each them taking into account the time slice chosen by the author. Based on the data obtained, it was concluded that creative abilities play a key role in the professional development of each employee of the operational units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and both the success and the duration of the professional activities of the current and future employees of the operational police units directly depend on their continuous improvement.
Category «privilege»: doctrine, legislation, practice
Authors: Repyev Artem
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The article is devoted to the general theoretic analysis of legal category “privilege”. The author proposes and argues the hypothesis of the perception of privilege as a form of legal advantage different from such types of this system as courtesy and immunity. The work presents essential and substantial consideration of legal privilege from the point of view of the doctrine of law, historical and modern legislation, as well as law enforcement practice. The aim is to form a view of privilege as a form of improving the legal situation of individual entities with special legal status; to propose its definition. Methodology. Historical learning style, empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. Specific scientific methods: technical approach, method of interpretation of legal norms. Results. Analysis of doctrinal sources of Russian and foreign law, historical monuments of jurisprudence, modern normative legal acts and law enforcement practice has shown thatthe category of privilege is often mixed with other legal means, having an incentive or rewarding character. On the basis of the establishment of similarity and distinction elements between privilege, courtesy and immunity, aspects of their interaction and existing contradictions, the author proves the independent categorical nature of privilege, identifies its specific features, which differ from related legal phenomena. Conclusion. In both legal science (theoretical and sectoral) and the system of legislation, it is necessary to clearly distinguish the understanding and application of the legal category “privilege” by means of: establishing legal definition, unification and specifying the provisions of normative acts using backing, incentive and rewarding instrumentarium; achieving the justifiable use of evaluation categories giving the right to the privilege. The actions taken should contribute not only to improving the efficiency of public relations regulation due to the legal advantages system, but also to reducing the corruption risks associated with the granting of such “on top of ” rights, diminishing administrative barriers on receipt and realization.
Interaction of notions «state power» and «local self-government»
Authors: Skripkina Yuliya , Korsikova Natalia
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the constitutional aspect of state power in cooperation with the same phenomenon as local government. The legal assessment of local government is given, taking into account the peculiarities of modern Russia.

The article analyzes the differences between local government and local government, focusing on the signs of self-government. A brief description of local government as a form of democracy and the basis of the constitutional system is given. The scientific experience of studying local government, as well as its complex political and legal nature and social.

Signs of local self-government that exist in an inextricable relationship between themselves are considered. The implementation of public authority in the form of local government is disclosed and a number of common features are identified that bring it closer to state power.

Monitoring of the main regulatory documents that determine the legal basis in this area. The difference between local government and state power is analyzed.

The importance of the constitutional independence of local government in relation to state power is emphasized.
On certain aspects of the protection of the rights of children
Authors: Tihaya Lyudmila
Published: April 2020

The article analyses the issue of the rights of minors. Issues of interaction between internal affairs bodies, commissioners for the rights of the child and other actors are under consideration. A number of normative acts and programmes on the rights of minors are being analysed. The normative basis for the protection of the rights of the child in modern Russia is analysed, in particular, the conventions ratified by Russia in this sphere and federal legislation. Selected law enforcement issues in the area of children ‘s rights are also addressed. Recommendations are made to improve the realization of the rights of minors in the activities of internal affairs bodies in cooperation with local self-government bodies. It is noted that in Russia the legal status of a minor is characterized by instability, insufficient social and legal protection, lack of reliable guaranteeing state mechanisms. The plight of minors in modern Russia today is further exacerbated by the fact that domestic legislation has not yet adequately guaranteed them reliable legal protection against adult abuse: in the family, in educational institutions, in society. There are also insufficient legal measures to combat child prostitution, drug addiction and alcoholism. It was to be hoped that addressing the problem in the article would more effectively address those problems. The author hopes that a number of proposals made will be useful in improving the mechanism for the protection of the rights of minors in Russia.
Institute of attorneys in civil procedure legislation: facilitating optimization of litigation or unreasonable duplication of functions?
Authors: Yakovleva Ol'ga , Zhelonkin Sergey
Published: April 2020

Introduction. In the presented work, the authors investigated the main aspects of the reform of the procedural legislation initiated by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation regarding the introduction of a new participant in the trial - the attorney. Purpose. The aim of the work is to identify the features of the legal status of such a participant in civil proceedings as an attorney within the framework of the institution of representation. Methodology. The work was performed on the basis of special methods of cognition, including historical and legal, logical, formally legal. Results. Based on the analysis of the results of the consideration of the draft Federal Law No. 383208-7 «On Amendments to the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Code of Administrative Procedure of the Russian Federation and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation», the appropriateness of the initiative to introduce a new member into civil proceedings is assessed - attorney. The relationship of this short story with the proposed increase in the requirements for the representative’s professionalism was analyzed, and its main advantages and disadvantages were highlighted. It is concluded that the benefit of introducing such a participant in the civil process as an attorney is more theoretical than practical, since this is due to the fact that the actions that the considered procedural figure (attorney) is authorized to perform can be performed by an ordinary representative without extra costs. At its core, an attorney is a kind of assistant to the representative, not able to independently participate in the trial and is dependent on both the principal and the representative. Conclusion. The material contained in the work is of interest for further scientific research on the problematic issues of the institution of representation in civil proceedings. Some conclusions can be used during lectures and seminars on the subject of civil procedure law.
Appeals and inducements as characteristics of crimes influenced by media and information and telecommunication networks
Authors: Antipov Andrey
Published: April 2020

The urgency of the problems of combating crime committed through the media and

telecommunication networks has reached a high level. The present paper gives a detail analysis of the notions of “inducement” and “appeals” made by the Supreme Court of Russia, explanatory dictionaries as well as criminal law scholars. Based on the analysis the author suggests his own definitions of “inducement” and “appeals” in the Criminal law of the Russian Federation. The author solves the problem of qualifying an act in the case of competition rules, on the one hand, providing for participation in the commission of a crime, the objective side of which, among other things, can be performed by declination and appeals and, on the other hand, independent appeals and inducement to commit a crime. Using the example of article 212 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the author solves the problem of qualification of acts in the case of competition of criminal law norms. A comparison of punishments in the main part of the article and in the part where the act is carried out using the media or information and telecommunications networks is made. There are some articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the dispositions of which inducement and appeals do not provide implementation with the use of mass media and telecommunication networks. It is concluded that such norms need to be analyzed to establish more severe penalties for the acts influenced by media and telecommunication networks.
Offences committed using electronic means of payment by the country of the Saxon legal family (in the United Kingdom and the United States of America)
Authors: Markova Elena
Published: April 2020

The article analyses the legal characteristics of the criminal laws of foreign States belonging to the Anglo-Saxon legal family (in the case of Great Britain and the United States of America) with regard to criminal liability for crimes committed by electronic means of payment. The peculiarities of this legal family are noted, which affect the position of the legislator with regard to the regulation of cybercrime, including the legal nature of criminal law; The importance of resolutions of the Royal (Westminster) Courts, the Supreme Court on the constitutionality or unconstitutional nature of ordinary («current») laws (USA), in Canada, Australia and other English-speaking States, in which acts of the highest courts on identical subjects have acquired special importance. Problems affecting criminal legislation have been identified: the de facto absence of systematic rules on the limits of the criminal law; There are contradictions between the written sources of criminal law (in particular with regard to fraud and computer crimes; Recognition of the interpretation of the law by sources of criminal law, etc.). It is noted that there is no Criminal Code in the UK, however, issues of criminal liability for computer crimes are regulated at the level of written law: in the Law on Computer Crimes the adoption of which was facilitated by the judicial precedent of 1988 (R v Gold & Schifreen), in the Law on Fraud of 2006, which classifies the elements of crimes committed in the form of fraudulent fraud. The peculiarities of the criminal law of the United States, which like Great Britain, does not have a codified system of criminal law at the federal level, are noted. An analysis of the two-tier legal system of the United States, the peculiarities of criminal liability for cybercrime in certain states, including FOR theft and fraud by the use of payment cards, has been carried out.
Theoretical design of tetragonal rare-earth-free alloys with high magnetisation and high magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Tsujikawa Masahito , Mitsuhashi Yuito , Shirai Masafumi
Published: April 2020

Tetragonal alloys, such as D022-Mn3Ga, are potential candidates for rare-earth free permanent magnets due to their high Curie temperature and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. For high-performance permanent magnets, high saturation magnetisation is necessary. However, the saturation magnetisation of D022-Mn3Ga is small due to ferrimagnetic ordering. We investigated the possibility of developing ferromagnetic Heusler alloys with high magnetic anisotropy and saturation magnetisation using the first-principles calculation. We focused on the effects of Fe substitution for Mn in D022-Mn3Ga as well as the consequent volume expansion; the ferromagnetic tetragonal XA phase is stabilized in Fe2MnGa by an 8% volume expansion. This tetragonal XA-Fe2MnGa has desirable properties for a high-performance permanent magnet, such as high magnetisation (1350 emu cc−1), perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (2.12 MJ m−3), and Curie temperature (1047 K). In addition, the substitution of Sn and increasing the Ga composition in the Fe2MnGa alloy results in volume expansion, which stabilizes the ferromagnetic tetragonal XA phase.
Pengaruh proporsi penambahan daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus L. Merr.) terhadap sifat fisiko kimia selai lembaran apel
Authors: Anwar Eva Nirwana , Wahyuni Rekna
Published: April 2020

Anna apple jam is defined as an apple jam that is modified into apple jam in sheet form (sheet jam). Apple anna makes it possible as a raw material for making jam sheets because it has high pectin, which is 9-15% and has acidity in accordance with the requirements, which is 3.46. Katuk plant (Sauropus androgynous L.Merr.) has long been known by the people in Indonesia as a vegetable plant with high nutritional content. Flavonoids contained in katuk leaves (Sauropus androgunus (L) Merr) have the ability as a powerful antioxidant. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 1 factor with 5 treatments: K1 (Addition of 0% katuk leaf pulp, 100% apple pulp), K2 (Addition of katuk leaf pulp 5%, 95% apple pulp ), K3 (Addition of katuk leaf pulp 10%, the pulp of apples 90%), K4 (Addition of katuk leaf pulp 15%, 85% apple pulp) and K5 (Addition of katuk leaf pulp 20%, apple pulp 80%). Data obtained after the treatment of the organoleptic test (flavor, taste, texture, and color) on each variable was entered in the table to be analyzed by Friedman Test. Where as in the treatment of physicochemical tests (water content, antioxidants, texture, and color) were analyzed by F test and if there were differences were analyzed by 5% LSD test. The best treatment based on effectiveness index was K2 (addition of katuk leaf pulp 5%, apple pulp 95%) with physicochemical parameter values ​​namely water content (45.69%), antioxidants (96.67 mg/ml), texture (1.17), color b + (7.47) and organoleptic parameter values ​​are taste (4.44), flavor (4), color (4.28), texture (3.76).
Helping families caring for children with autism: what could social workers do?
Authors: Stoliaryk O. , Semigina T.
Published: April 2020

Based on a systematic analysis of academic literature with empirical research findings (N=22 studies), the key problems of families with children with autism (autism spectrum disorder) are summarized. It is determined that the appearance in a family of a child with autism affects the family livelihood, reduces the quality of family life, creates situations of socio-economic injustice, gender inequality, which requires social work response. The approaches to organizing the work of social workers with families raising children with autism are distinguished: psychological education, structured family therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness practices, self-management programs and planning skills. The content of practical filling of these interviews and design features are generalized. The SWOT-analysis of opportunities and risks of using the identified interventions in Ukraine was conducted.
Teknologi Pengolahan Pakan Berbahan Indigofera zollingeriana: PKM Sekolah Petani Desa BUMDES Belabori, Mengatasi Krisis Pakan di Musim Kemarau
Authors: Nadir Marhamah , Prahesti Kusumandari Indah , Laban Sartika
Published: April 2020

The availability of quality forage in the dry season is an obstacle to increase livesctok productivity.  The highest livestock production cost is feed, 60-70% of the total livestock business needs, so feed is the main component for animal husbandry development.   Indigofera zollingeriana is a legume plant that can grow well for a long time as a Forage (HMT), adapts very well to diverse environmental conditions, and is tolerant to long dry climates.  Another advantage of this plant is the high nutrient content, which is 35% protein, 15% crude fiber, 86% digestibility and very low anti-nutrient content.  The advantages of this plant need to be shared with the community, especially farmers.  Belabori Prosperous Village-owned business entity, is one of the BUMDES that has developed Indigofera since 2018, but the community has not utilized this plant optimally.  Belabori Village is an area with a significant number of cattle including cattle, goats and poultry.  To disseminate the use of Indigofera, Sekolah Petani Desa program is conducted, a learning house with lecturers, students, farmers, breeders and Bumdes to process Indigofera into nutritious feed and to be used in the dry season.  The purpose of “Sekolah Petani Desa” activities is the transfer of technology of research results in the laboratory to the field.  SPD activities become a direct application media for campus research results to the field of farmers and ranchers and provide invaluable experience for researchers, ranchers and students who are directly involved in community service activities that are integrated with the field work practices of animal husbandry students.  This activity was successfully carried out and achieved the output target, namely breeders can process Indigofera into green concentrate flour, pellets, UMB, hay and silage.  Indigofera is the main source of protein for cattle and goats in the village of Belabori and is used by Bumdes to be a source of income through green concentrate businesses.
Academic Position
Authors: Donnon Tyrone
Published: April 2020

Director of the Alberta International Medical Graduate (AIMG) Program
PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DAN KORBAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA PADA PROSES PERADILAN PIDANA
Authors: Siku Abdul Salam
Published: April 2020

Pada hakikatnya perlindungan saksi dan korban adalah merupakan pemberian seperangkat hak dan tanggung jawab yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam proses peradilan pidana demi tercapainya kebenaran materiil. Saksi dan korban merupakan unsur yang sangat menentukan dalam mewujudkan sistem peradilan yang cepat, sederhana dan biaya ringan. Namun, keberadaan saksi dan korban dalam proses peradilan pidana selama ini kurang mendapat perhatian masyarakat dan penegak hukum, akibatnya banyak kasus yang tidak terungkap dan tidak dapat diselesaikan sesuai prosedur hokum yang berlaku disebabkan oleh saksi dan korban yang takut memberikan kesaksian karena tidak merasa aman dalam kehidupannya. Perlindungan hukum terhadap saksi dan korban dalam proses peradilan pidana tidak hanya diperlukan pada saat sebelu saksi dan korban memberikan keterangannya di muka persidangan, akan tetapi juga sangat diperlukan sesudah memberikan keterangan di mukan persidangan, hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan rasa aman dan percaya diri pada saksi dan korban. Manifestasi ketidakpuasan masyarakat terhadap perlakuan pihak yang mewakilinya, kemudian muncul dalam berbagai bentuk mulai dari tindakan pelemparan sepatu pada hakim, perusakan gedung pengadilan, sampai pada tindakan main hakim sendiri, yang akhir-akhir ini marak terjadi. Tindakan-tindakan anarki yang dilakukan masyarakat tersebut berpangkal tolak dati perasaan tidak puas, perasaan diperlakukan tidak adil dalam diri masyarakat.
HUKUM DAN DEMOKRASI JALAN MENUJU KESEJAHTERAAN RAKYAT
Authors: Nuhrawati Andi
Published: April 2020

Penegakan hukum dan demokrasi memiliki relevansi yang erat dengan masalah-masalah hukum, misalnya korupsi, kolusi dan nepotisme.  Penelitian ini menunjukkan ketidak adilan yang dirasakan kaum menengah kebawah, yaitu tajamnya hukum mengiris kebawah dan tumpulnya keatas. Olehnya dalam tulisan ini mempertanyakan hukum dan demokrasi membangun bangsa dan relevansinya terhadap kepemimpinan bangsa Indonesia,serta mempertanyakan peningkatan martabat manusia dan kesejahteraan melalui pembudayaan kritikan demi kemajuan. Hasil pemikiran dalam tulisan ini menunjukkan terpeliharanya stabilitas dan keamanan dalam sebuah negara tidak hanya ditentukan kekuatan personil polisi dan angkatan bersenjata, namun harus pula dibangun pula lembaga hukum yang berwibawa dan disegani masyarakat, melalui aparat-aparat hukum dan lembaga hukum harus mampu menjaga citranya dalam masyarakat secara ketat,sebab hanya beberapa orang saja yang melakukan perbuatan tidak terpuji maka stigma buruk akan cepat lekat dalam pikiran masyarakat. Masyarakat miskin yang dikaji dalam tulisan ini lebih terfokoskan dalam pengertian ekonomi, yaitu mereka yang tingkat pendapatan sangat rendah sehingga kesulitan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya sehari-hari. Pertama harus dijawab dari gambaran masyarakat miskin diatas apakah mereka merupakan sebuah kelas politik atau bukan,kalau mereka tergolong dalam kelas politik itu artinya keberadaan mereka diperhitungkan, disadari dan diyakini kekuatannya oleh partai politik. Tetapi,kalau kelompok masyarakat miskin dinilai bukan sebuah kelas politik mereka hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai objek oleh kekuatan politik, tidak akan mendapatkan keistimewaan tertentu.
ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ РЕМОНТНОГО МОЛОДНЯКУ КРОЛІВ ЗА ЗГОДОВУВАННЯ ПОВНОРАЦІОННИХ КОМБІКОРМІВ З РІЗНИМ РІВНЕМ КАЛЬЦІЮ ТА ФОСФОРУ
Authors: Уманець Д.П. , Уманець Р.М.
Published: April 2020

фору на продуктивні якості та витрати кормів у ремонтного молодняку кролів. Для досліду відповідно до його схеми у віці 113 діб було відібрано 120 голів кролів, з яких за принципом аналогів було сформовано 6 груп, по 20 голів у кожній (10 самців і 10 самок). Упродовж зрівняльного періоду усіх піддослідних кроленят годували повнораціонним комбікормом однакового складу. Різниця в годівлі тварин контрольної і дослідних груп зумовлювалась різними рівнями Кальцію та Фосфору у раціоні. Рівень Кальцію і Фосфору у раціонах тварин дослідних груп регулювали за рахунок додавання крейди та дикальційфосфату, використовуючи математичні методи оптимізації рецептів комбікормів програмного комплексу Win Mix 2.0. Якщо у 120-добовому віці молодняк контрольної та дослідних груп за живою масою істотно не відрізнявся, то у віці 127, 134, 141, 148, 155 та 162 доби цей показник змінювався по-різному і залежав від вмісту кальцію та фосфору в раціоні. Найвищу живу масу молодняку кролів в 120–165-добовому віці забезпечував комбікорм з вмістом 0,4 % Кальцію та 0,4 % Фосфору. Зміни у живій масі піддослідних тварин істотно позначилися на середньодобових приростах. За період вирощування кролів від 120- до 162-добового віку за середньодобовим приростом живої маси молодняк 4-групи перевершував аналогів 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- та 6-групи на 21-38 % (Р<0,001). Неоднакові зміни живої маси молодняку окремих груп були обумовлені різною інтенсивністю росту, про що свідчать відносні прирости живої маси тварин. За період вирощування кролів від 120- до 162-добового віку за відносним приростом живої маси молодняк 4-групи перевершував інших дослідних тварин на 0,2-3,5 %. Встановлено, що оптимальними параметрами забезпечення їх Кальцієм та Фосфором у віковий період 120-165 діб є відповідно 0,4 % і 0,4 % у 100 г повнораціонного комбікорму.
La voix échouée du traumatisme
Authors: Clavurier Vincent
Published: April 2020

L’hypothèse poursuivie dans cet article est de considérer la voix, en tant qu’objet pulsionnel, comme ce qui insiste dans le symptôme traumatique. La conceptualisation du destin pulsionnel en trois temps, d’où émerge toute vraie subjectivation, permettrait d’appréhender cette insistance symptomatique autrement que comme le fit Freud à l’époque d’ Au-delà du principe du plaisir . Cette proposition justifie certains ajustements de la position de l’analyste, et elle rend compte pour partie de complications possibles dans le travail clinique, notamment de la résistance fréquente du symptôme à l’efficacité du dire. Enfin, le constat d’une montée en puissance d’un « se faire entendre », dans le social, amènera à envisager qu’une véritable dynamique culturelle liée à l’objet voix traverse notre époque.
La Belle Issue
Authors: Mansuy Marie-Pierre
Published: April 2020

Les variations de l’objet conduisent, chez Donald Winnicott, à l’espace transitionnel, lieu de l’illusion puis de la symbolisation primaire. C’est une co-construction de la mère et de l’enfant qui introduit un écart intersubjectif et la possibilité du manque. L’utilisation de l’objet lui confère ou non sa qualification de transitionnel. Quelles sont les conséquences de l’échec de la mise en place de l’objet transitionnel, connu comme le paradoxe winnicottien majeur ?
Le troisième âge de l’intelligence augmentée, dite artificielle
Authors: Moulier-Boutang Yann
Published: April 2020

Le constat que faisait Herbert Simon, Prix Nobel d’économie 1978, comme quoi l’IA est très éloignée de l’intelligence humaine naviguant dans un monde incertain, reste plus juste que jamais en 2020. D’abord, l’IA manque de rigueur méthodologique sur la constitution et le traitement des données. Pire : après avoir privilégié le modèle de l’intelligence symbolique, qui a trouvé ses limites, elle prend désormais pour modèle l’intelligence intuitive de l’enfant de moins de 6 ans, qui plus est de façon caricaturale. Ne faudrait-il pas plutôt tenter d’aller vers un troisième âge de l’IA, augmentant nos capacités plutôt que les singeant, et s’appuyant sur tous les ressorts de l’intelligence ?
De la loi des grands nombres aux grands nombres qui font la loi
Authors: Corteel Mathieu
Published: April 2020

Les affaires de Facebook et de Cambridge Analytica ont révélé aux démocraties la toute-puissance de la manipulation algorithmique. Les IA influencent dorénavant de manière drastique jusqu’au sacro-saint scrutin majoritaire. En ciblant nos affects et les failles de notre jugement, les IA attisent la tyrannie de la majorité. Sommes-nous pour autant condamnés à voir un choix individuel peu assuré dissout dans un choix collectif douteux ? Pour initier une réponse réjouissante qui redonnerait tout son sens au vote, l’article propose de revoir non sans dérision les règles du jeu : Et si les capacités de simulation des IA, au lieu de nous berner, nous aidaient au contraire dans notre jugement de citoyen ? Et si, en dégourdissant la pensée humaine plutôt qu’en la numérisant au moyen de l’IA, la simulation d’un candidat artificiel éveillait une intelligence collective permettant de prémunir les citoyens contre la tyrannie des moyennes ?
Les Européens se jouent-ils à nouveau des Africains ?
Authors: Opoku Kwame , Bertho Elara
Published: April 2020

Les Européens semblent se jouer à nouveau des Africains, mais avec des armes différentes des fusils utilisés pendant conquêtes et colonisations. L’ambigüité entretenue autour du terme « restitution » par les musées européens, en particulier allemands et britanniques, en constitue un exemple frappant. Par restitution, ils entendent souvent prêts temporaires ou permanents d’objets d’art africains. Car, admettre la restitution définitive de ces objets revient à reconnaître la réalité des raids et pillages coloniaux ainsi que le génocide de certains peuples. Des excuses juridiques sont également avancées. Kwame Opoku considère qu’il n’y a pas de difficulté juridique s’il y a volonté de faire.