bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fracture resistance of zirconia surveyed crowns with four different occlusal rest seat designs
Authors: Jurado Carlos Alberto , Sayed Ahmed Akram , Lawson Nathaniel C. , Azpiazu‐Flores Francisco X. , Green Conley , Cho Seok‐Hwan
Published: July 2023

Purpose

To determine the fracture resistance of chairside computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) zirconia surveyed crowns for a mandibular first molar without occlusal rest and with four different rest seat designs.

Materials and Methods

Seventy CAD‐CAM zirconia 4Y‐PSZ (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT for CEREC A1, C15, Ivoclar Vivadent) crowns (14 specimens/group) were designed and fabricated with a dental chairside CAD‐CAM system (CEREC PrimeScan, and CEREC MCXL Dentsply Sirona). The restorations were divided into groups according to the following rest seat designs: (1) Surveyed crown without rest seat, (2) surveyed crowns with disto‐occlusal rest seat, (3) surveyed crowns with disto‐occlusal extended rest seat, (4) surveyed crowns with interproximal rest seat, and (5) continuous rest seat. Crowns were treated with a primer system (Monobond Plus, Ivoclar Vivadent) and cemented using resin luting cement (Multilink Automix, Ivoclar Vivadent) to resin‐printed dies (Grey Resin V4, FormLabs). Subsequently, the crowns were subjected to 200,000 load cycles at 1 Hz with 20 N force and then loaded with a steel indenter until fracture. The test results were analyzed with one‐way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and HSD Tukey post‐Hoc test.

Results

The mean fracture resistance of surveyed crowns without and with different rest seats was significantly different from each other. Surveyed crowns with no rest seat displayed the highest resistance (4238 N) followed by crowns with continuous rest seat (3601 N), crowns with disto‐occlusal extended rest seat (3283 N), and crowns with disto‐occlusal rest seat (3257 N). Crowns with interproximal rest seat displayed the lowest fracture resistance (2723 N).

Conclusions

Surveyed crowns without rest seats had a higher fracture resistance than crowns with rest seats Surveyed crowns with interproximal rest seats presented the lowest fracture resistance among all rest seat designs. Crowns with disto‐occlusal rest seats, disto‐occlusal extended rest seats, and continuous rest seats displayed similar fracture resistance.
Osmotic stress‐induced localisation switch of CBR1 from mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum triggers ATP production via β‐oxidation to respond to osmotic shock
Authors: Xiao Ruixue , Youngjun Oh , Zhang Xiuxiu , Thi NguyenThO Nguyen , Lu Hai , Hwang Inhwan
Published: July 2023

Drought and high salinity are major environmental factors that reduce plant growth and development, leading to loss of plant productivity in agriculture. Under these stress conditions, photosynthesis is greatly suppressed despite the high cellular energy cost of stress response processes. Currently, the process that allows plants to secure the energy required for osmotic stress responses remains elusive. Here, we provide evidence that cytochrome b5 reductase 1 (CBR1), a cytochrome b5 reductase, plays an important role in ATP production in response to NaCl and dehydration stresses. Overexpression and loss of function of CBR1 led to enhanced resistance and sensitivity, respectively, to osmotic stress. Upon exposure to osmotic stress, CBR1 was localised to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) instead of to mitochondria, where it was localised under normal conditions. Transgenic plants overexpressing ER‐targeted CBR1 showed enhanced resistance to osmotic stress. Moreover, CBR1‐ER and CBR1‐OX plants, had higher levels of ATP and unsaturated fatty acids under osmotic stress. However, these effects were abrogated by thioridazine and 2‐deoxy glucose, inhibitors of β‐oxidation and glycolysis, respectively. Based on these results, we propose that ER‐localised CBR1 triggers ATP production via the production and β‐oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids under osmotic stress.
What Can We Learn about Migration and Migrants from Southern Scholars? A Brief Discussion
Authors: Purkayastha Bandana
Published: July 2023

Within the United States, there is a dominant focus on international migration and international migrants' assimilation and integration efforts, along with separate conversations on intersecting structures that marginalize non‐white migrants and citizens. Trafficking and refugee studies are relatively small and distinct fields that mostly remain outside dominant scholarly conversations on migration, especially in sociology. This essay presents one strand of conversation by scholars in the global South who center forced migration and conceptualize all migrants, internal to international, as part of one model. The discussions by the Calcutta Research group open up complex histories, social inequalities, and the need to discard the colonial logics embedded in the study of migration and migrants.
Asian communities’ well-being in Aotearoa during Covid-19
Authors: Park Lynne Soon-Chean , Jaung Rebekah , Park Joohyun Justine , Song Changzoo
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Anti-Asian racism was a feature of the social response to the Covid-19 pandemic, and its impact on the well-being of Asian communities warrants closer examination. The current study aimed to gauge whether the sense of belonging mitigated the adverse effects of racism on life satisfaction for self-identified Asian New Zealanders.
METHODS: This analysis included 1341 responses to a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 2021. Descriptive analyses outline how components of a sense of belonging were distributed among participants and those who experienced racism during the Covid-19 pandemic. We used linear regression to examine the role of a sense of belonging as a potential pathway variable in the association between experiencing racism and life satisfaction.
FINDINGS: In this survey, four out of 10 participants reported experiencing racism in the first 18 months of the pandemic. Participants’ life satisfaction decreased slightly since January 2020 (p<0.001). Experiencing racism was associated with decreased life satisfaction. All the components of sense of belonging reduced the magnitude of this negative association between racism experience and life satisfaction, in particular, expressing one’s own ethnic identity and belonging in Aotearoa.
CONCLUSIONS: Given that anti-Asian racism is currently a feature of life and a significant stressor during the pandemic, this study provides empirical evidence of the protective role of a sense of belonging against anti-Asian racism. This study focused on Asian members in Aotearoa New Zealand, but its practical implications have the potential to support other minoritised ethnic communities who also experience racism during the pandemic and beyond.
A liquid column resonance transducer driven by Class IV flextensional transducer
Authors: Li Shichang , Lan Yu , Hong Lianjin
Published: July 2023

A liquid column resonance (LCR) transducer, also referred to as an organ pipe transducer, is a type of transducer that utilizes the liquid column resonance mode to produce acoustic energy underwater. Traditional transducers, such as piezoelectric rings or Janus transducers, are commonly used as the driving source in LCR transducers. A flextensional transducer (FT) is introduced into the LCR transducer as the driving source because of the relatively larger volume velocity at low frequencies. Moreover, the eigen-mode of the Class IV FT is easier to couple with the LCR mode to broaden the bandwidth of a LCR transducer. To overcome the problems associated with the low stiffness of elliptical metal pipes, an improved aluminum pipe, which has a cross-beam to increase the stiffness, was proposed and utilized in a LCR transducer driven by a Class IV FT. The fabricated LCR transducer prototype driven by the Class IV FT has two resonance peaks from 700–2000 Hz, and the transmitting voltage response values of these peaks are 132.1 and 137.8 dB (re 1 μPa/V @1 m). Comparing with an LCR transducer driven by a 33-mode ring, the results show that the LCR transducer driven by a Class IV FT provides good efficiency and broadband characteristics.
A computer program for interconversion between creep compliance and stress relaxation
Authors: Shanbhag Sachin
Published: July 2023

Numerical interconversion of linear viscoelastic functions is an important problem in rheology. This work focuses on interconversion between creep compliance (J) and relaxation modulus (G) via the convolution relation. A discrete spectrum or Prony series is used to describe both the source (G or J) and the target (J or G) of the interconversion. A previously developed numerical template [Loy et al.,J. Rheol.59(5), 1261 (2015)] is modified to bypass singularities. It is released as an open-source computer program called PSI (Prony series interconversion). PSI is tested on a variety of materials including viscoelastic solids and liquids and used for both G→J and J→G interconversions. It is fast and numerically stable for input data that span over 20 decades in time. It fills a gap in the existing software landscape for conversion of linear viscoelastic functions.
Ecology-relevant bacteria drive the evolution of host antimicrobial peptides in
Drosophila
Authors: Hanson M. A. , Grollmus L. , Lemaitre B.
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial peptides are host-encoded immune effectors that combat pathogens and shape the microbiome in plants and animals. However, little is known about how the host antimicrobial peptide repertoire is adapted to its microbiome. Here, we characterized the function and evolution of the
Diptericin
antimicrobial peptide family of Diptera. Using mutations affecting the two
Diptericins
(
Dpt
) of
Drosophila melanogaster
, we reveal the specific role of
DptA
for the pathogen
Providencia rettgeri
and
DptB
for the gut mutualist
Acetobacter
. The presence of
DptA-
or
DptB-
like genes across Diptera correlates with the presence of
Providencia
and
Acetobacter
in their environment. Moreover,
DptA-
and
DptB-
like sequences predict host resistance against infection by these bacteria across the genus
Drosophila
. Our study explains the evolutionary logic behind the bursts of rapid evolution of an antimicrobial peptide family and reveals how the host immune repertoire adapts to changing microbial environments.
Honesty papers retracted for data ‘discrepancies’
Authors: O’Grady Cathleen
Published: July 2023

After retractions, colleagues expand scrutiny of work by behavioral scientist Francesca Gino
Post-viral olfactory loss and parosmia
Authors: Liu Zhen Yu , Vaira Luigi Angelo , Boscolo-Rizzo Paolo , Walker Abigail , Hopkins Claire
Published: July 2023

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has brought olfactory dysfunction to the forefront of public awareness, because up to half of infected individuals could develop olfactory dysfunction. Loss of smell—which can be partial or total—in itself is debilitating, but the distortion of sense of smell (parosmia) that can occur as a consequence of a viral upper respiratory tract infection (either alongside a reduction in sense of smell or as a solo symptom) can be very distressing for patients. Incidence of olfactory loss after SARS-CoV-2 infection has been estimated by meta-analysis to be around 50%, with more than one in three who will subsequently report parosmia. While early loss of sense of smell is thought to be due to infection of the supporting cells of the olfactory epithelium, the underlying mechanisms of persistant loss and parosmia remain less clear. Depletion of olfactory sensory neurones, chronic inflammatory infiltrates, and downregulation of receptor expression are thought to contribute. There are few effective therapeutic options, so support and olfactory training are essential. Further research is required before strong recommendations can be made to support treatment with steroids, supplements, or interventions applied topically or injected into the olfactory epithelium in terms of improving recovery of quantitative olfactory function. It is not yet known whether these treatments will also achieve comparable improvements in parosmia. This article aims to contextualise parosmia in the setting of post-viral olfactory dysfunction, explore some of the putative molecular mechanisms, and review some of the treatment options available.
Effective Projections on Group Shifts to Decide Properties of Group Cellular Automata
Authors: Béaur Pierre , Kari Jarkko
Published: July 2023

Many decision problems concerning cellular automata are known to be decidable in the case of algebraic cellular automata, that is, when the state set has an algebraic structure and the automaton acts as a morphism. The most studied cases include finite fields, finite commutative rings and finite commutative groups. In this paper, we provide methods to generalize these results to the broader case of group cellular automata, that is, the case where the state set is a finite (possibly non-commutative) finite group. The configuration space is not even necessarily the full shift but a subshift — called a group shift — that is a subgroup of the full shift on [Formula: see text], for any number [Formula: see text] of dimensions. We show, in particular, that injectivity, surjectivity, equicontinuity, sensitivity and nilpotency are decidable for group cellular automata, and non-transitivity is semi-decidable. Injectivity always implies surjectivity, and jointly periodic points are dense in the limit set. The Moore direction of the Garden-of-Eden theorem holds for all group cellular automata, while the Myhill direction fails in some cases. The proofs are based on effective projection operations on group shifts that are, in particular, applied on the set of valid space-time diagrams of group cellular automata. This allows one to effectively construct the traces and the limit sets of group cellular automata. A preliminary version of this work was presented at the conference Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science 2020.
Hopf algebroids from non-commutative bundles
Authors: Han Xiao , Landi Giovanni , Liu Yang
Published: July 2023

We present two classes of examples of Hopf algebroids associated with non-commutative principal bundles. The first comes from deforming the principal bundle while leaving unchanged the structure Hopf algebra. The second is related to deforming a quantum homogeneous space; this needs a careful deformation of the structure Hopf algebra in order to preserve the compatibilities between the Hopf algebra operations.
Mass spectra of bottom-charm baryons
Authors: Li Zhen-Yu , Yu Guo-Liang , Wang Zhi-Gang , Gu Jian-Zhong , Shen Hong-Tao
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we investigate the mass spectra of bottom-charm baryons systematically, where the relativistic quark model and the infinitesimally shifted Gaussian basis function method are employed. Our calculation shows that the [Formula: see text]-mode appears lower in energy than the other excited modes. According to this feature, the allowed quantum states are selected and a systematic study of the mass spectra for [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) families is performed. The root mean square radii and quark radial probability density distributions of these baryons are analyzed as well. Next, the Regge trajectories in the [Formula: see text] plane are successfully constructed based on the mass spectra. At last, we present the structures of the mass spectra, and analyze the difficulty and opportunity in searching for the ground states of bottom-charm baryons in experiment.
Seismic Response Control of a Nonlinear Tall Building Under Mainshock–Aftershock Sequences Using Semi-Active Tuned Mass Damper
Authors: Wang Liangkun , Zhou Ying , Shi Weixing
Published: July 2023

Under the excitation of strong mainshock (MS), the structure will enter the nonlinear stage, whose hysteretic characteristic can be well-simulated by the Bouc–Wen (BW) model. The accompanying aftershock (AS) may increase structural damage and cause the safety problem, therefore, the advanced structural control technology is worthy of being applied to nonlinear structure under MS–AS sequences. The tuned mass damper (TMD) is a popular vibrational absorber, however, it is sensitive to the frequency deviation and may lose its effect for nonlinear dynamic response control in this issue. To protect the nonlinear tall building under MS–AS sequences effectively, a semi-active TMD (STMD) is investigated in this study, which can vary its frequency and damping in real time simultaneously. It can adapt to structural nonlinear behavior in each time segment through varying its stiffness according to the wavelet transform (WT) based algorithm, and meanwhile, enhance the energy dissipation through switching its damping coefficient in real time. A 10-story nonlinear tall building is proposed as a case study and for comparison, a passive TMD (PTMD) is used. Nine MS–AS sequences are elected and nonlinear structural control performance of STMD is highlighted. Results show that STMD can control structural displacement responses and base shear effectively and performs better than PTMD in reducing the plastic development of the structure as well. Further, energy analysis is proposed and it is verified that STMD has an excellent effect in decreasing the structural input energy from MS–AS sequences and dissipating more energy than PTMD. Especially, it is found that a strong AS may cause a larger response to the nonlinear structure than MS, while the nonlinear control effect of STMD is still significant in that case.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF LIVER BIOMECHANICAL RESPONSE IN BLUNT IMPACTS TO UPPER ABDOMEN
Authors: DU TIANYA , CHEN JIQING , ZHANG XINHAI , MA ZHENGWEI , HU YANSONG
Published: July 2023

Hepatic injury induced by blunt abdominal impact is a major cause of death in vehicle crashes. However, few works have been done effectively in cadaver experiments to clarify the liver’s specific dynamic behavior and mechanical characteristics. This paper described the dynamic behavior and mechanical characteristics of the liver under blunt impacts to the upper abdomen with the finite element model (FEM) of the Chinese human body — the 50 percentile-sized male (CHUBM-M50). The simulation matrix, three directions (frontal, oblique, lateral), and four speeds included in each group were designed with a 23.4[Formula: see text]kg, rigid cylindrical impactor aligning the T11 level. The liver deformation contours displayed compression against the spine and rotation in the horizontal plane, which were the two main features in liver motion. Pressure distribution in the liver capsule and parenchyma was discussed to elucidate the biomechanical characteristics related to impact direction. Generally, the stress distribution in the capsule was 10 times higher than that in the parenchyma. A discussion of the injury mechanism of the liver capsule and parenchyma observed in the simulations was given upon the pressure distribution. It demonstrated that the capsule could protect liver parenchyma at low-speed impacts and should not be neglected for understanding liver injury mechanisms.
Deriving the generalized momentum operators from covariant derivatives
Authors: Matehkolaee Mehdi Jafari
Published: July 2023

The generalized momentum operators are derived in the framework of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, taking into account an especial assumption on the covariant derivative. According to this assumption, a scalar density doesn’t change under the action of covariant derivative. The Hermitian form of the covariant derivative is discussed. It is shown that, with the help of the adjoint of covariant derivatives, generalized momentum operators can be derived. The inverse of covariant derivative is calculated. It is shown that the inverse of generalized momentum operators can be deduced from the inverse of covariant derivatives.
Unifying Token- and Span-level Supervisions for Few-shot Sequence Labeling
Authors: Cheng Zifeng , Zhou Qingyu , Jiang Zhiwei , Zhao Xuemin , Cao Yunbo , Gu Qing
Published: July 2023

Few-shot sequence labeling aims to identify novel classes based on only a few labeled samples. Existing methods solve the data scarcity problem mainly by designing token-level or span-level labeling models based on metric learning. However, these methods are only trained at a single granularity (i.e., either token-level or span-level) and have some weaknesses of the corresponding granularity. In this article, we first unify token- and span-level supervisions and propose a Consistent Dual Adaptive Prototypical (CDAP) network for few-shot sequence labeling. CDAP contains the token- and span-level networks, jointly trained at different granularities. To align the outputs of two networks, we further propose a consistent loss to enable them to learn from each other. During the inference phase, we propose a consistent greedy inference algorithm that first adjusts the predicted probability and then greedily selects non-overlapping spans with maximum probability. Extensive experiments show that our model achieves new state-of-the-art results on three benchmark datasets. All the code and data of this work will be released at
https://github.com/zifengcheng/CDAP
.
Understanding Community Engagement in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights Promotion in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: A Conceptual Framework to Inform Practice
Authors: Lamaro Haintz Greer , Hanna Lisa , Taket Ann
Published: July 2023

Background. Community engagement is crucial for effective and sustainable sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHRs) promotion. Community engagement in community-based health promotion initiatives is contextual and influenced by individual, community, and societal factors. In South Africa, community engagement in SRHR promotion is challenging due to numerous historical and contemporary factors including the socionormative community context and socionormative perceptions regarding SRHR matters. There is little empirical literature to guide community-based practitioners working in health promotion in understanding the contextual influences on community engagement with SRHR promotion generally or in South Africa specifically. Objective. This research aimed to explore the influences on community engagement in community-based SRHR promotion initiatives in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Methods. An ethnographic and multiqualitative study was conducted in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, involving 78 purposively and conveniently sampled participants. Findings. Three superordinate themes influence community engagement with SRHR promotion in South Africa (i) representations of the issues; (ii) perceived relevance of SRHR issues and SRHR promotion; and (iii) the relational environment, often operating in interactive ways. The themes are presented in a conceptual framework. Conclusions. Influences on community engagement in SRHR promotion in the Eastern Cape of South Africa are highly contextual. The conceptual framework arising from the study’s findings could be used in community-based health promotion and primary health care in other settings to develop the understanding of factors influencing community engagement in SRHR or other sensitive or emerging health issues, and inform relevant and appropriate design and implementation of community-based initiatives.
Ultrasonic P-Wave to Acquire Parameters of Boise Sandstone
Authors: Li Guangquan , Liu Kui , Li Xiang
Published: July 2023

Boise sandstone has a variety of grain diameter, and the heterogeneity makes it difficult to characterize. In this paper, a model of viscous squirt is used to simulate velocity and attenuation of ultrasonic P-wave in the sandstone saturated with water. Phase velocity yielding from the model is fitted against the velocity measured at frequency of 500 kHz, which determinates the quality factor due to viscous squirt (

Q

p
s

) as a function of frequency. The resulting

Q

p
s

appears to be 14.64 at frequency of 0.8 MHz. With the use of the measured total quality factor (

Q

p

) of 6.9 at 0.8 MHz, the dry quality factor (

Q

p
d

) appears to be 13.0 at 0.8 MHz. The resulting dimension of the rock unit is 0.150 multiplied by 0.140 mm, pretty consistent with the mean grain diameter of 0.150 mm. The relative first and second porosities are ascertained to be 0.976 and 0.024, respectively, and the aperture distance of the second porosity is 0.84 μm. Nonetheless, the model represents analytical continuation of small rock samples. Consequently, seismic attenuation predicted by the model is far smaller than field observation. The discrepancy shows that strong seismic attenuation in the field is associated with a scale much larger than pore scale.
Table S1 from Salvage Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab after Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alden Stephanie L. , Lim Mir , Kao Chester , Shu Daniel , Singal Amit G. , Noonan Anne , Griffith Paige , Baretti Marina , Ho Won Jin , Kamel Ihab , Yarchoan Mark , Hsiehchen David
Published: July 2023

Table S1. PFS and OS based on Clinical Characteristics
TABLE 2 from Salvage Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab after Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alden Stephanie L. , Lim Mir , Kao Chester , Shu Daniel , Singal Amit G. , Noonan Anne , Griffith Paige , Baretti Marina , Ho Won Jin , Kamel Ihab , Yarchoan Mark , Hsiehchen David
Published: July 2023

irAEs with ipilimumab plus nivolumaba
FIGURE 2 from Salvage Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab after Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alden Stephanie L. , Lim Mir , Kao Chester , Shu Daniel , Singal Amit G. , Noonan Anne , Griffith Paige , Baretti Marina , Ho Won Jin , Kamel Ihab , Yarchoan Mark , Hsiehchen David
Published: July 2023

Survival characteristics. PFS (A) and OS (B) for the overall cohort, in months. CI, confidence interval; NR, not reached.
FIGURE 1 from Salvage Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab after Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alden Stephanie L. , Lim Mir , Kao Chester , Shu Daniel , Singal Amit G. , Noonan Anne , Griffith Paige , Baretti Marina , Ho Won Jin , Kamel Ihab , Yarchoan Mark , Hsiehchen David
Published: July 2023

Target lesion change and objective response. Percent change in patient target lesion(s), determined by investigator review of pretreatment and posttreatment imaging, with BOR using criteria from RECIST v1.1. BOR, best overall response; CR, complete response; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Kinase inhibitor pulldown assay identifies a chemotherapy response signature in triple negative breast cancer based on purine-binding proteins
Authors: Wang Junkai , Saltzman Alexander B , Jaehnig Eric J , Lei Jonathan T. , Malovannaya Anna , Holt Matthew V. , Young Meggie N. , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Anurag Meenakshi , Kim Beom-Jun , Ellis Matthew J.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure 3
Data from Kinase Inhibitor Pulldown Assay Identifies a Chemotherapy Response Signature in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Based on Purine-binding Proteins
Authors: Wang Junkai , Saltzman Alexander B. , Jaehnig Eric J. , Lei Jonathan T. , Malovannaya Anna , Holt Matthew V. , Young Meggie N. , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Anurag Meenakshi , Kim Beom-Jun , Ellis Matthew J.
Published: July 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 10%–15% of all breast tumors. The current standard of care is multiagent chemotherapy, which is effective in only a subset of patients. The original objective of this study was to deploy a mass spectrometry (MS)-based kinase inhibitor pulldown assay (KIPA) to identify kinases elevated in non-pCR (pathologic complete response) cases for therapeutic targeting. Frozen optimal cutting temperature compound–embedded core needle biopsies were obtained from 43 patients with TNBC before docetaxel- and carboplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. KIPA was applied to the native tumor lysates that were extracted from samples with high tumor content. Seven percent of all identified proteins were kinases, and none were significantly associated with lack of pCR. However, among a large population of “off-target” purine-binding proteins (PBP) identified, seven were enriched in pCR-associated samples (P < 0.01). In orthogonal mRNA-based TNBC datasets, this seven-gene “PBP signature” was associated with chemotherapy sensitivity and favorable clinical outcomes. Functional annotation demonstrated IFN gamma response, nuclear import of DNA repair proteins, and cell death associations. Comparisons with standard tandem mass tagged–based discovery proteomics performed on the same samples demonstrated that KIPA-nominated pCR biomarkers were unique to the platform. KIPA is a novel biomarker discovery tool with unexpected utility for the identification of PBPs related to cytotoxic drug response. The PBP signature has the potential to contribute to clinical trials designed to either escalate or de-escalate therapy based on pCR probability.
Significance:
The identification of pretreatment predictive biomarkers for pCR in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy would advance precision treatment for TNBC. To complement standard proteogenomic discovery profiling, a KIPA was deployed and unexpectedly identified a seven-member non-kinase PBP pCR-associated signature. Individual members served diverse pathways including IFN gamma response, nuclear import of DNA repair proteins, and cell death.
Diagnostic Utility and Safety of Non-Intubated Cryobiopsy Technique Using a Novel Ultrathin Cryoprobe in Addition to Conventional Biopsy Techniques for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: Nakai Toshiyuki , Watanabe Tetsuya , Kaimi Yuto , Shiomi Kazuhiko , Ando Kanae , Miyamoto Atsushi , Ogawa Koichi , Matsumoto Yoshiya , Sawa Kenji , Sato Kanako , Asai Kazuhisa , Matsumoto Yuji , Mikami Yu , Ohsawa Masahiko , Kawaguchi Tomoya
Published: July 2023

Background: Transbronchial cryobiopsy enables high-quality sample collection around the probe tip. Meanwhile, existing cryoprobes have less flexibility and a higher risk of bleeding. The ultrathin cryoprobe with a 1.1-mm diameter addresses these problems and allows specimens to be directly retrieved through the working channel of a thin bronchoscope. Objective: This study evaluated the diagnostic utility and safety of non-intubated cryobiopsy using an ultrathin cryoprobe added to conventional biopsy for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). Methods: The data of patients who underwent conventional biopsy followed by non-intubated cryobiopsy to retrieve specimens through the thin bronchoscope’s working channel for diagnosing PPLs at Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital from July 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively collected. They were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic utility and safety of adding non-intubated cryobiopsy to conventional biopsy for PPLs. The characteristics of PPLs that obtain additional diagnostic benefits from cryobiopsy over conventional biopsy were also investigated. Results: The analysis included 113 patients. The diagnostic yields of conventional biopsy and non-intubated cryobiopsy were 70.8% and 82.3%, respectively (p = 0.009). The total diagnostic yield was 85.8%, higher than conventional biopsy alone (p < 0.001). Although one moderate bleeding occurred, no severe complications developed. The additional diagnostic benefits of non-intubated cryobiopsy over conventional biopsy were demonstrated when the radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) showed “adjacent to” (60.3% vs. 82.8%, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Non-intubated cryobiopsy using an ultrathin cryoprobe has high diagnostic utility and safety for diagnosing PPLs, with additional diagnostic benefits over conventional biopsy depending on the R-EBUS image.
Risk Factors for Common Kidney Stones Are Correlated with Kidney Function Independent of Stone Composition
Authors: Simmons Kathryn E. , Nair Hari R. , Phadke Manali , Motamedinia Piruz , Singh Dinesh , Montgomery Tinika A. , Dahl Neera K.
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Kidney stone type varies with age, sex, season, and medical conditions. Lower estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) leads to changes in urine chemistry, and risk factors for kidney stones are thought to vary by stone type. We explore the association between eGFR, urine risk factors, and common stone compositions. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 811 kidney stone patients seen at Yale Medicine between 1994 and 2021 with serum chemistries and 24-h urine chemistries matched within 1 year of baseline stone analysis. Patients’ eGFR was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2021 equation. Demographics and medical history were compared by χ2 tests. 24-h urine chemistries and stone analyses were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Linear regressions were performed to control for demographics, comorbidities, and stone composition. Results: With lower eGFR, the proportion of calcium stones declined while uric acid (UA) stones increased. On univariable analysis, lower eGFR was associated with lower urine pH, calcium, citrate, UA, magnesium, phosphorus, and ammonium. On multivariable analysis, controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, comorbidities, and stone type, these factors remained significant. Stone formers with lower eGFR had elevated supersaturation for UA, but reduced supersaturations for calcium-containing stones. Though urine oxalate was significant on univariable analysis, it was not on multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Changes in urine parameters are strongly correlated with eGFR regardless of stone type. Renal function may play a key role in modulating kidney stone risk factors. Strategies to mitigate stone risk may need to vary with kidney function, especially when patient urine or stone composition data are unavailable.
Osteoclastogenesis Requires Primary Cilia Disassembly and Can Be Inhibited by Promoting Primary Cilia Formation Pharmacologically
Authors: Sutton Michael M. , Duffy Michael P. , Verbruggen Stefaan W. , Jacobs Christopher R.
Published: July 2023

The primary cilium is a solitary, sensory organelle with many roles in bone development, maintenance, and function. In the osteogenic cell lineage, including skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes, the primary cilium plays a vital role in the regulation of bone formation, and this has made it a promising pharmaceutical target to maintain bone health. While the role of the primary cilium in the osteogenic cell lineage has been increasingly characterized, little is known about the potential impact of targeting the cilium in relation to osteoclasts, a hematopoietic cell responsible for bone resorption. The objective of this study was to determine whether osteoclasts have a primary cilium and to investigate whether or not the primary cilium of macrophages, osteoclast precursors, serves a functional role in osteoclast formation. Using immunocytochemistry, we showed the macrophages have a primary cilium, while osteoclasts lack this organelle. Furthermore, we increased macrophage primary cilia incidence and length using fenoldopam mesylate and found that cells undergoing such treatment showed a significant decrease in the expression of osteoclast markers tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, cathepsin K, and c-Fos, as well as decreased osteoclast formation. This work is the first to show that macrophage primary cilia resorption may be a necessary step for osteoclast differentiation. Since primary cilia and preosteoclasts are responsive to fluid flow, we applied fluid flow at magnitudes present in the bone marrow to differentiating cells and found that osteoclastic gene expression by macrophages was not affected by fluid flow mechanical stimulation, suggesting that the role of the primary cilium in osteoclastogenesis is not a mechanosensory one. The primary cilium has been suggested to play a role in bone formation, and our findings indicate that it may also present a means to regulate bone resorption, presenting a dual benefit of developing ciliary-targeted pharmaceuticals for bone disease.
Virtual Learning and Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Grundman Jody B. , Chung Stephanie T. , Estrada Elizabeth , Podolsky Robert H , Meyers Abby , Marks Brynn E.
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cases and severity of presentation of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (Y-T2D) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the potential drivers of this rise remain unknown. During this time public health mandates paused in-person education and limited social interactions, resulting in radical lifestyle changes. We hypothesized that the incidence and severity of presentation of Y-T2D increased during virtual learning amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective chart review to identify all newly diagnosed cases of Y-T2D (n = 387) at a pediatric tertiary care center in Washington, DC during three predetermined learning periods as defined by learning modality in Washington, DC Public Schools: pre-pandemic in-person learning (March 11, 2018–March 13, 2020), pandemic virtual learning (March 14, 2020–August 29, 2021), and pandemic in-person learning (August 30, 2021–March 10, 2022) periods. Results: Incident cases were stable during pre-pandemic in-person learning (3.9 cases/month, 95% CI: 2.8–5.4 cases/month), increased to a peak during virtual learning (18.7 cases/month, 95% CI: 15.9–22.1 cases/month), and declined with return to in-person learning (4.3 cases/month, 95% CI: 2.8–6.8 cases/month). Y-T2D incidence was 16.9 (95% CI: 9.8–29.1, p < 0.001) and 5.1-fold higher (95% CI: 2.9–9.1, p < 0.001) among non-Hispanic Black and Latinx youth, respectively, throughout the study period. Overall COVID-19 infection rates at diagnosis were low (2.5%) and were not associated with diabetes incidence (p = 0.26). Conclusions: This study provides timely insights into an important and modifiable correlate of Y-T2D incidence, its disproportionate impact on underserved communities, and the need to consider the effects on long-term health outcomes and preexisting healthcare inequities when designing public policy.
Destins de femmes
Authors: Isbell John Claiborne
Published: July 2023

Destins de femmes is the first comprehensive overview of French women writers during the turbulent period of 1750-1850. John Isbell provides an essential collection that illuminates the impact women writers had on French literature and politics during a time marked by three revolutions, the influx of Romantic art, and rapid technological change.

Each of the book’s thirty chapters introduces a prominent work by a different female author writing in French during the period, from Germaine de Staël to George Sand, from the admired salon libertine Marie du Deffand to Flora Tristan, tireless campaigner for socialism and women’s rights. Isbell draws from multi-genre writers working in prose, poetry and correspondence and addresses the breadth of women’s contribution to the literature of the age. Isbell also details the important events which shaped the writers’ lives and contextualises their work amidst the liberties both given and taken away from women during the period.

This anthology fills a significant gap in the secondary literature on this transformative century, which often overlooks women who were working and active. It invites a further gendered investigation of the impact of revolution and Romanticism on the content and nature of French women’s writing, and will therefore be appropriate for both general readers, students, and academics analysing history and literature through a feminist lens.
1. Marie de Vichy-Chamrond, Marquise du Deffand
Authors: Isbell John Claiborne
Published: July 2023

Destins de femmes is the first comprehensive overview of French women writers during the turbulent period of 1750-1850. John Isbell provides an essential collection that illuminates the impact women writers had on French literature and politics during a time marked by three revolutions, the influx of Romantic art, and rapid technological change.

Each of the book’s thirty chapters introduces a prominent work by a different female author writing in French during the period, from Germaine de Staël to George Sand, from the admired salon libertine Marie du Deffand to Flora Tristan, tireless campaigner for socialism and women’s rights. Isbell draws from multi-genre writers working in prose, poetry and correspondence and addresses the breadth of women’s contribution to the literature of the age. Isbell also details the important events which shaped the writers’ lives and contextualises their work amidst the liberties both given and taken away from women during the period.

This anthology fills a significant gap in the secondary literature on this transformative century, which often overlooks women who were working and active. It invites a further gendered investigation of the impact of revolution and Romanticism on the content and nature of French women’s writing, and will therefore be appropriate for both general readers, students, and academics analysing history and literature through a feminist lens.
9. Marie Jeanne ‘Manon’ Roland de la Platière
Authors: Isbell John Claiborne
Published: July 2023

Destins de femmes is the first comprehensive overview of French women writers during the turbulent period of 1750-1850. John Isbell provides an essential collection that illuminates the impact women writers had on French literature and politics during a time marked by three revolutions, the influx of Romantic art, and rapid technological change.

Each of the book’s thirty chapters introduces a prominent work by a different female author writing in French during the period, from Germaine de Staël to George Sand, from the admired salon libertine Marie du Deffand to Flora Tristan, tireless campaigner for socialism and women’s rights. Isbell draws from multi-genre writers working in prose, poetry and correspondence and addresses the breadth of women’s contribution to the literature of the age. Isbell also details the important events which shaped the writers’ lives and contextualises their work amidst the liberties both given and taken away from women during the period.

This anthology fills a significant gap in the secondary literature on this transformative century, which often overlooks women who were working and active. It invites a further gendered investigation of the impact of revolution and Romanticism on the content and nature of French women’s writing, and will therefore be appropriate for both general readers, students, and academics analysing history and literature through a feminist lens.
20. Claire Élisabeth Jeanne, Comtesse de Rémusat
Authors: Isbell John Claiborne
Published: July 2023

Destins de femmes is the first comprehensive overview of French women writers during the turbulent period of 1750-1850. John Isbell provides an essential collection that illuminates the impact women writers had on French literature and politics during a time marked by three revolutions, the influx of Romantic art, and rapid technological change.

Each of the book’s thirty chapters introduces a prominent work by a different female author writing in French during the period, from Germaine de Staël to George Sand, from the admired salon libertine Marie du Deffand to Flora Tristan, tireless campaigner for socialism and women’s rights. Isbell draws from multi-genre writers working in prose, poetry and correspondence and addresses the breadth of women’s contribution to the literature of the age. Isbell also details the important events which shaped the writers’ lives and contextualises their work amidst the liberties both given and taken away from women during the period.

This anthology fills a significant gap in the secondary literature on this transformative century, which often overlooks women who were working and active. It invites a further gendered investigation of the impact of revolution and Romanticism on the content and nature of French women’s writing, and will therefore be appropriate for both general readers, students, and academics analysing history and literature through a feminist lens.
27. Louise Angélique Bertin
Authors: Isbell John Claiborne
Published: July 2023

Destins de femmes is the first comprehensive overview of French women writers during the turbulent period of 1750-1850. John Isbell provides an essential collection that illuminates the impact women writers had on French literature and politics during a time marked by three revolutions, the influx of Romantic art, and rapid technological change.

Each of the book’s thirty chapters introduces a prominent work by a different female author writing in French during the period, from Germaine de Staël to George Sand, from the admired salon libertine Marie du Deffand to Flora Tristan, tireless campaigner for socialism and women’s rights. Isbell draws from multi-genre writers working in prose, poetry and correspondence and addresses the breadth of women’s contribution to the literature of the age. Isbell also details the important events which shaped the writers’ lives and contextualises their work amidst the liberties both given and taken away from women during the period.

This anthology fills a significant gap in the secondary literature on this transformative century, which often overlooks women who were working and active. It invites a further gendered investigation of the impact of revolution and Romanticism on the content and nature of French women’s writing, and will therefore be appropriate for both general readers, students, and academics analysing history and literature through a feminist lens.
De Ritis Ratio is Associated with Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Prediction and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Zhang Wenkang , Li Mingkang , Huang Xu , Zhang Minhao , Yan Gaoliang , Tang Chengchun
Published: July 2023

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a familiar complication following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The present study evaluated the predictive value of the De Ritis ratio for CA-AKI and its association with long-term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing emergency PCI. Overall, 546 patients were included in this study. The De Ritis ratio was calculated by aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase activity. The De Ritis ratios in the CA-AKI patients were significantly higher than the non-CA-AKI patients [3.74 (2.32, 4.90) vs 1.61 (1.02, 2.53); P < .001]. The De Ritis ratio was an independent risk factor for CA-AKI [odds ratio, 2.243; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.823–2.759; P < .001]. The area under the ROC curve was .813 (95% CI, .763–.862; P < .001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 67.0% and 82.4%, respectively, when the optimum cut-off value was 2.97. Furthermore, patients in the high De Ritis ratio group (≥1.76) had a significantly greater incidence of primary endpoints [26.7% (73/273) vs 13.2% (36/273); P < .001], and the high De Ritis ratio was an independent predictor for primary endpoints (hazard ratio, 1.888, 95% CI, 1.235–2.887; P = .003). In conclusion, the De Ritis Ratio is associated with CA-AKI prediction and long-term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing emergency PCI.