bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Topological Effects in Covalent Organic Frameworks for High‐Performance Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Cheng Jun , Wu Yuting , Zhang Wan , Wang Lei , Wu Xiaojun , Xu Hangxun
Published: November 2024

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer a compelling platform for the efficient photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Constructed with diverse topologies from various molecular building units, COFs can exhibit unique photocatalytic properties. In this study, three π‐conjugated 2D sp2 carbon‐linked COFs with distinctly different topologies (hcb, sql, and hxl) are designed to investigate the topological effect on the overall photosynthesis of H2O2 from water and oxygen. Despite their similar chemical and band structures, the QP‐HPTP‐COF with hxl topology outperformed other COFs in the photosynthesis of H2O2, demonstrating a remarkable solar‐to‐chemical conversion efficiency of 1.41%. Comprehensive characterizations confirmed that the hxl topology can substantially improve charge separation and transfer, thereby significantly enhancing photocatalytic performance. This study not only unravels the topology‐directed charge carrier dynamics in COFs but also establishes a molecular engineering framework for developing high‐performance photocatalysts for sustainable H2O2 production.
Rechargeable Hydrogen Gas Batteries: Fundamentals, Principles, Materials, and Applications
Authors: Jiang Taoli , Zhang Ziwei , Wei Shuyang , Tan Shunxin , Liu Hongxu , Chen Wei
Published: November 2024

The growing demand for renewable energy sources has accelerated a boom in research on new battery chemistries. Despite decades of development for various battery types, including lithium‐ion batteries, their suitability for grid‐scale energy storage applications remains imperfect. In recent years, rechargeable hydrogen gas batteries (HGBs), utilizing hydrogen catalytic electrode as anode, have attracted extensive academic and industrial attention. HGBs, facilitated by appropriate catalysts, demonstrate notable attributes such as high power density, high capacity, excellent low‐temperature performance, and ultralong cycle life. This review presents a comprehensive overview of four key aspects pertaining to HGBs: fundamentals, principles, materials, and applications. First, detailed insights are provided into hydrogen electrodes, encompassing electrochemical principles, hydrogen catalytic mechanisms, advancements in hydrogen catalytic materials, and structural considerations in hydrogen electrode design. Second, an examination and future prospects of cathode material compatibility, encompassing both current and potential materials, are summarized. Third, other components and engineering considerations of HGBs are elaborated, including cell stack design and pressure vessel design. Finally, a techno‐economic analysis and outlook offers an overview of the current status and future prospects of HGBs, indicating their orientation for further research and application advancements.
Ionic Liquid‐Filled Polyamide Microcapsules Obtained by Interfacial Polymerization
Authors: Scholl Robin , Freudenmann Dominic
Published: November 2024

Microencapsulated ionic liquids (ILs) have a wide range of exciting properties. They can be synthesized by a variety of methods, of which interfacial polymerization represents a very simple, fast, and reliable production process, but the number of available shell materials that can be obtained by this method is limited. However, recent advances in the field of interfacial polymerization have described the formation of a polyamide membrane at the IL/organic phase interface, which is extended in this work to the first microencapsulation of ILs with a polyamide shell, providing an additional and versatile shell material. The IL‐filled microcapsules are obtained using a surfactant‐free synthesis process and inexpensive, low‐toxicity monomers and solvents and feature an exceptionally high core‐to‐shell weight ratio enabling a broad range of possible applications.
Ring Chromosome 17 Syndrome—A Case Report and Discussion of Diagnostic Methods
Authors: Kim Sun Young , Wohler Elizabeth , Gutierrez Maria Jimena , Sadreameli Christy , Kossoff Eric , Sobreira Nara Lygia
Published: November 2024

Ring chromosome 17 and 17p13.3 deletion syndrome are phenotypically heterogeneous diseases with similar clinical features. The ring chromosome 17 phenotypic features range from the Miller–Dieker syndrome characterized by deletion of the PAFAH1B1 gene, lissencephaly, hypotonia, dysphagia, café au lait spots, and severe intellectual disability, to a milder phenotype characterized by microcephaly, seizures, delayed development, minor facial dysmorphic features, clinodactyly, short stature, café au lait spots, retinal flecking, and deletion of the YWHAE and CRK genes. Similarly, the phenotypic features of the 17p13.3 deletion syndrome range from the Miller–Dieker syndrome caused by loss of function of the PAFAH1B1 gene and characterized by lissencephaly, microcephaly, seizures, hypotonia, and severe intellectual disability to a milder phenotype characterized by nonspecific white matter changes, microcephaly, seizures, delayed development, short stature, and deletion of the YWHAE and CRK genes. Café au lait spots and retinal or axillary freckling have been noted in the ring chromosome 17 syndrome but not in 17p13.3 deletion syndrome. We report a 5‐year‐old girl with a history of intrauterine growth retardation, short stature, intractable epilepsy, expressive language disorder, clinodactyly, multiple café au lait spots, and retinal freckling who was initially diagnosed with 17p13.3 deletion syndrome involving YWHAE and CRK but not PAFAH1B1 on CGH array. However, cytogenetic analysis of G‐banded chromosomes revealed mosaic ring chromosome 17. Optical genome mapping simultaneously identified the 17p13.3 deletion and the mosaic ring chromosome 17. This case report highlights the limitations of the arrays and sequencing methods for identifying structural variants, the need to investigate further deletions and duplications identified by arrays, mainly considering atypical phenotypic features, and suggests that OGM could be used as a first‐tier test with exome sequencing for the diagnosis of patients with dysmorphic features, intellectual disability, and seizure disorder.
Evaluation of mucosal barrier disruption due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus epidermidis exoproteins in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Ramezanpour Mahnaz , Feizi Sholeh , Arachchige Hashan Dilendra Paththini , Bouras George , Cooksley Clare , Shaghayegh Gohar , Wormald Peter‐John , Psaltis Alkis James , Vreugde Sarah
Published: November 2024

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the sinus mucosa. While Staphylococcus aureus has been shown to play a significant role in mucosal barrier disruption in CRS patients, coagulase‐negative staphylococci (CoNS) such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus lugdunensis are also implicated in CRS pathophysiology. This study investigates the effects of exoproteins secreted by planktonic and biofilm forms of clinical isolates of S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis on the nasal epithelial barrier.

Methods

Thirty‐one clinical isolates of CoNS were grown in planktonic and biofilm forms, and their exoproteins were concentrated. The epithelial barrier structure was assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran. Toxicity and inflammatory response were also studied.

Results

Our findings demonstrate that exoproteins from all planktonic forms of S. lugdunensis disrupted the mucosal barrier, whereas only nine of 16 biofilm‐derived exoproteins had similar effects. Conversely, 11 of 15 exoproteins from planktonic S. epidermidis significantly disrupted barrier integrity; however, biofilm exoproteins did not. The study also showed that some exoproteins from planktonic S. epidermidis significantly reduced cell viability, while exoproteins from planktonic and biofilm forms of S. lugdunensis and biofilm S. epidermidis did not induce any statistically significant change in cell viability. Notably, four of 16 biofilm exoproteins from S. lugdunensis induced higher interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) secretion, whereas none of the S. epidermidis isolates showed a significant increase in IL‐6 secretion.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that CoNS exoproteins may contribute to CRS etiopathogenesis.
Pharmacodynamic effects of semorinemab on plasma and CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology
Authors: Schauer Stephen P. , Toth Balazs , Lee Julie , Honigberg Lee A. , Ramakrishnan Vidya , Jiang Jenny , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Bayfield Anna , Wild Norbert , Hoffman Jennifer , Ceniceros Ryan , Dolton Michael , Bohórquez Sandra M. Sanabria , Hoogenraad Casper C. , Wildsmith Kristin R. , Teng Edmond , Monteiro Cecilia , Anania Veronica , Yeh Felix L.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION

Semorinemab, an anti‐tau monoclonal antibody, was assessed in two Phase II trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers provided insights into the drug's potential mechanism of action.

METHODS

Qualified assays were used to measure biomarkers of tau, amyloidosis, glial activity, neuroinflammation, synaptic function, and neurodegeneration from participant samples in Tauriel (NCT03289143) and Lauriet (NCT03828747) Phase II trials.

RESULTS

Plasma phosphorylated Tau 181 (pTau181) and CSF chitinase‐3‐like protein 1 (YKL‐40) increased following semorinemab treatment in both studies. In Lauriet, increasing plasma glial fibrillary protein (GFAP) concentrations stabilized with semorinemab, while this was not observed in Tauriel. Other AD pathophysiology biomarkers showed no consistent response to semorinemab.

DISCUSSION

Increases in CSF YKL‐40 suggest that semorinemab may stimulate microglia activation in the presence of AD‐associated Tau pathology, but not in healthy controls. Stabilization of plasma GFAP in Lauriet indicates a possible impact on reactive gliosis in mild‐to‐moderate AD.

Trial Registration: Tauriel ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03289143. Lauriet ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03828747. Phase 1 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02820896.

Highlights

AD pathophysiology biomarkers were measured to assess the mechanism of action.

Semorinemab increased CSF YKL‐40 in participants with AD but not in healthy controls.

Semorinemab possibly stabilized plasma GFAP in the Lauriet trial.

Semorinemab treatment may activate microglia and moderate reactive gliosis.
Antioxidative Therapy of Alcoholic Liver Injury by Amorphous Two‐Dimensional Cobalt Hydroxide Nanocatalyst
Authors: Jiang Di , Yang Bowen , Shi Jianlin
Published: November 2024

The intake of excessive ethanol will activate an alternative ethanol metabolic pathway in the liver, resulting in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further leads to alcoholic liver injury (ALI). Although several molecular antioxidants have been utilized in clinics for treating ALI, their efficacies are still less satisfactory. In this work, a nanocatalytic antioxidation therapeutic strategy is proposed for ALI treatment by constructing amorphous Co(OH)2 nanosheets with catalytic antioxidative property. The bis(μ‐hydroxo)CoIICoII dinuclear active sites of Co(OH)2 nanosheets are capable of coordinating with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with significantly reduced thermodynamic barrier to form a dihydroxyl adduct bis(μ‐hydroxo)CoIII(OH)CoIII(OH) favorable for catalytic H2O2 disproportionation, while amorphous and ultrathin structure further facilitates the reaction, resulting in a high catalytic efficiency (Km=59.31 mM). Thanks to the inherent hepatic passive targeting ability of nanomaterials, the antioxidative nanosheets can accumulate in liver region efficiently after intravenous administration (35.5 % ID/g accumulation efficiency), enabling efficient catalytic antioxidation in the liver to mitigate hepatic oxidative stress, protect hepatocytes from apoptosis/ferroptosis. This study provides a new methodology of nanocatalytic antioxidation for treating ALI and other hepatic diseases related to oxidative stress.
Enantiokonvergente Negishi‐Kreuzkupplungen von Racemischen Sekundären Organozink‐Reagenzien zur Herstellung Privilegierter Gerüste: Eine Kombinierte Experimentelle und Theoretische Studie
Authors: Preinfalk Alexander , Oost Rik , Menger Maximilian F. S. J. , Simaan Marwan , Lemouzy Sébastien , Senoner Samuel , Shaaban Saad , Maryasin Boris , González Leticia , Maulide Nuno
Published: November 2024

Eine enantiokonvergente, palladiumkatalysierte Negishi‐Kreuzkupplung mit racemischen sekundären Organozink‐Reagenzien wurde entwickelt, die den Zugang zu enantioangereicherten 1,1‐Diarylalkan‐Motiven in hohen Ausbeuten und Enantioselektivitäten ermöglicht. Berechnungsdaten deuten darauf hin, dass die Racemisierung von Organozink‐Verbindungen höchstwahrscheinlich durch einen gebrückten bimolekularen Mechanismus erfolgt.
Glycopolymer‐Mediated Selective Separation of Middle Rare Earth Elements
Authors: Jeon Sungjin , Odom Tyler L. , Williams Cole A. , Callmann Cassandra E.
Published: November 2024

The selective separation of rare earth elements (REEs) remains a formidable challenge due to limitations of current methodologies, which struggle to achieve the separation efficiency required for their critical industrial applications. Middle REEs (MREEs), characterized by their intermediate ionic radii, are particularly challenging to separate without size‐specific trapping mechanisms. In this study, we report a novel approach that synergistically combines heavy metal sequestration with size‐selective separation, utilizing negatively charged glycopolymers to achieve the targeted separation of MREEs. We systematically investigated the binding affinities of these glycopolymers for various REEs, focusing on the selective isolation of MREEs through a controlled variation of glycopolymer properties, including degree of polymerization (DP) and charge density. Our findings reveal a distinctive U‐shaped selectivity profile, with a marked preference for Samarium (Sm) and Europium (Eu) over other REEs such as Cerium (Ce), Gadolinium (Gd), and Holmium (Ho). This selectivity underscores the potential for designing tailored separation processes optimized for specific MREEs. Moreover, enrichment experiments demonstrated the practical viability of our methodology, achieving over 10 % selectivity for Sm in a Ce/Sm mixture with a 10 : 1 Ce/Sm ratio, a trend that held for Sm in a Ho/Sm Mixture with a 10 : 1 Ho/Sm ratio, indicating significant selectivity over both light and heavy REEs. A subsequent separation experiment using a 1 : 1 Ce/Sm mixture yielded a 15 % enrichment after only five passes through a filter containing minimal amounts of glycopolymer, highlighting the promise of further refinement for enhanced separation efficiency.
A De Novo Auto‐Activated Solar‐Driven Biohybrid System for Hydrogen Production in Methanotrophic Cells
Authors: Jiao Ziyue , Li Guoping , Guo Shuqi , Wang Weiting , Hou Qianzi , Li Yawen , Ma Wenqiang , He Gang , Fei Qiang
Published: November 2024

Climate change driving by greenhouse gas emissions from petroleum‐based energy has garnered significant attention. Renewable energy production via a sustainable system that integrates the cell factory and visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts offers a novel approach for upcycling methane and addressing global energy challenges. Here, an auto‐activated biohybrid system driven by solar energy is developed for converting methane into hydrogen fuel, which incorporated thienoviologen (S‐MV2+) and genetically engineered methanotrophic bacteria. In this system, S‐MV2+ functioned as photosensitizer and electron mediator, capturing solar energy and supplying electrons for an enzyme‐catalyzed bioprocess. The genetically modified Methylomicrobium buryatense 5GB1 mutant, lacking methanol dehydrogenase but overexpressing hydrogenase, is able to convert methane into methanol that maintains the electron flow cycle by quenching photogenerated holes for both hydrogen biosynthesis and methane oxidation. Finally, the highest H2 production of 272.96 μM from this biohybrid system was achieved with methanol as a sacrificial agent generated by the H2‐producing mutant, resulting in a 140‐fold enhancement. This innovative method showcases the potential of coupling photocatalysis with methanotrophic biocatalysis for sustainable energy production. Additionally, the system introduces a new strategy for self‐regeneration of sacrificial agents, offering a promising avenue for hydrogen production using greenhouse gases in an eco‐friendly manner.
Combination of Ambient and High‐Temperature Beryllium Nitride Motifs in W2Be4N5 and W4Be8N9
Authors: Krach Georg , Werhahn Dominik , Witthaut Kristian , Johrendt Dirk , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: November 2024

Compounds of transition metals and beryllium have a wide range of applications, from everyday tools to high tech applications. Remarkably, no single ternary beryllium nitride with a transition metal is known. Here, we report on the synthesis and properties of the first transition metal nitridoberyllates, namely W2Be4N5 and W4Be8N9. Both compounds were synthesized in a high‐temperature high‐pressure approach from Be3N2 and W, using azide generated N2 as an oxidizing agent. The crystal structures, consisting of alternating layers of WN6 trigonal prisms and BeN4 tetrahedra, were elucidated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (sc‐XRD). The separating nitridoberyllate layers show either ambient temperature (α‐Be3N2 type) or high temperature (β‐Be3N2 type) motifs. W2Be4N5 was further corroborated by infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and UV/Vis spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) measurements. The latter revealed a mixed valence with an intermediate oxidation state of 3.5 for the W atoms. Both, the synthesis of the first transition metal nitridoberyllates and the synthesis approach using elemental W pave the way to a new field of nitride chemistry.
Revisiting the Baddeley Reaction: Access to Functionalized Decalins by Charge‐Promoted Alkane Functionalization
Authors: Vavrík Miloš , Grant Phillip S. , Kaiser Daniel , Gruene Tim , Maulide Nuno
Published: November 2024

C−H functionalization of purely aliphatic substrates is a challenging endeavor, as the absence of directing groups generally thwarts attempts at regiocontrol. This is particularly true for difunctionalization reactions, where the control of relative stereochemistry poses an additional obstacle. The Baddeley reaction of decalins, despite suffering from strong limitations with regard to yield and generality, stands as one of only few known transformations capable of regio‐ and stereocontrol in aliphatic C−H functionalization. Herein, we report a regio‐ and diastereoselective method for the double functionalization of decalins enabling access to a novel, unreported regioisomer in synthetically useful yields. This method was also successfully applied to a range of other alkane substrates, enabling a straightforward synthesis of keto alcohols from the simplest alkane building blocks.
Nanocellulose‐reinforced, anti‐freezing, highly conductive ionic organic hydrogels for flexible electronic devices
Authors: Meng Lingling , Liu Da , Li Weihao , Ding Shijie , Liu En
Published: November 2024

Currently, flexible electronic devices based on ionic conductive hydrogels are receiving widespread attention in the field of human health detection. In this paper, a facile one‐pot method is proposed for the preparation of ionic organic hydrogels, in which polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), cellulose nanofiber (CNF), and graphene oxide (GO) are dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide‐water (DMSO/H2O), and the organic hydrogel is obtained by a freezing–thawing process. The ionic organic hydrogel with excellent properties is then prepared by soaking the hydrogel in a calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution using a salting‐out strategy. The ionic organic hydrogel possesses good tensile (283%) and strength (0.3 MPa), super electrical conductivity (7.72 S/m), and high strain sensitivity [gauge factor (GF) up to 5.22]. Meanwhile, it has excellent anti‐freezing and moisturizing properties. In addition, the ionic organic hydrogels can be used in flexible strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators to realize real‐time monitoring of human motion, traceless writing, and energy conversion. It is foreseen that the prepared ionic organic hydrogels provide a feasible method for realizing the long‐term use of wearable electronic devices in extreme environments and daily life.
Synthesis of Acenaphthene Fused Dithiaporphyrin(3.1.1.1)s and N‐Fused Triphyrin(3.1.1)s in One‐Pot Condensation
Authors: Grover Vratta , Tiwari Shubham , Ravikanth Mangalampalli
Published: November 2024

Two different types of novel nonaromatic acenaphthene fused macrocycles such as acenaphthene fused dithiaporphyrin(3.1.1.1)s and acenaphthene fused N‐fused triphyrin(3.1.1)s were synthesized in one pot condensation reaction using 5,6‐dibromoacenaphthene as a key precursor. The X‐ray analysis revealed the oval core‐shaped structure for dithiaporphyrin(3.1.1.1)s and intramolecular ring fusion in N‐Fused triphyrin(3.1.1)s. The NMR, absorption and DFT studies suggested the non‐aromatic nature of both macrocycles which absorb strongly in visible‐NIR region. Both macrocycles were stable under electrochemical conditions and showed their electron‐rich nature.
Porous Materials for the Heterogeneously Catalyzed Synthesis of High Value‐Added Products: Latest Trends and Future Prospects
Authors: Sanoja‐López Kelvin Adrian , Luque Rafael
Published: November 2024

Heterogeneous catalysis currently stands as a foundational area in materials synthesis and applied chemistry. In this context, emphasizing the significance of heterogeneous catalysis in expediting chemical reactions and controlling the formation of desired products using porous materials represents an intriguing approach in the current technological landscape. This work delves into the synthesis and design of a variety of porous materials, encompassing microporous, mesoporous and macroporous materials (e. g. carbonaceous materials, metal oxides, MOFs, zeolites and functionalized analogues), alongside their properties and characteristics pivotal in heterogeneous catalysis. among others, and their subsequent modification, underscoring the significance of tailoring porous materials for specific catalytic applications.
Wildfire aerosols and their impact on weather: A case study of the August 2021 fires in Greece using the WRF‐Chem model
Authors: Rovithakis Anastasios , Voulgarakis Apostolos
Published: November 2024

Wildfires are significant contributors to atmospheric gases and aerosols, impacting air quality and composition. This pollution from fires also affects radiative forcing, influencing short‐term weather patterns and climate dynamics. Our research employs the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF‐Chem) to investigate the repercussions of wildfires on aerosol abundances and associated immediate weather responses. We examine the summer season of 2021, a period marked by severe wildfire events in the country during a heatwave period. We conducted sensitivity experiments including and excluding wildfire emissions to measure their effects on aerosol optical depth (AOD), radiative forcing, and weather features such as temperature, humidity, clouds, and atmospheric circulation. Our findings demonstrate that the radiative impacts of wildfires negatively influence the local temperature over the fire smoke plume‐affected areas. Conversely, neighbouring areas of continental Greece experience increases in temperature due to remote effects of wildfire emissions, caused by meteorological feedbacks that reduce atmospheric humidity. Crucially, including fire emissions significantly improves the simulated surface temperatures predicted by the model over the Greek domain. Our work demonstrates that wildfire‐generated aerosols can significantly impact weather conditions and highlights the importance of including both local radiative effects and remote feedback for achieving more accurate weather prediction.
Incorporating Agile Methodologies Into the Chemical Engineering Curriculum
Authors: Chakraborty Sourojeet , Galatro Daniela
Published: November 2024

Agile methodologies, when applied within an engineering education context, can provide a strategic and insightful framework that can incorporate key pedagogical techniques to maximize the student learning experience. In this work, we present a revamp of an undergraduate chemical engineering data‐based modelling course by implementing two agile methodologies: XP‐pair programming and Sprint. The selected agile methodologies are implemented in tutorials and the final exam while developing and/or completing system identification codes in R as a computational tool. Student feedback is obtained via surveys to track the effectiveness of our implemented methodologies; students provided both general and subject‐specific feedback. Our unique approach promises to pave the way for novel course design and curriculum revamp and to enhance active and experiential learning experiences among students by merging education pedagogy with engineering practices in the industry. Student responses reveal that agile methodologies substantially improved their coding, modelling, teamwork and time management skills. We also observed that our agile‐based approach works to inspire and motivate students to (i) further their own knowledge of the subject matter, (ii) appreciate the importance of data‐based modelling in both industrial and academic environments and (iii) critically identify the fallacies and real‐life consequences of poor/inefficient modelling and prediction practices. Our initiative holds the potential to successfully implement well‐known industry best practices within a university chemical engineering curriculum. Our selected agile methodologies also facilitate active and experiential and enquiry‐based learning environments, leading to students recognizing the importance of ‘how’ to learn rather than ‘what’ to learn.
Community Psychology Competencies and Onlife Participatory Team Building: The 9th Conference of Community Psychology (9ICCP) Case Study
Authors: Esempio Emanuele , Gatti Flora , Carnevale Stefania , Autiero Marcella , Arcidiacono Caterina , González Leone Maria Florencia
Published: November 2024

Modern social ecosystems have become increasingly complex due to the sanitary, political, social, cultural and technological transformations they are dealing with. This also requires professionals working within these contexts—such as community psychologists—to adapt by acquiring new and updated skills in order to properly address the challenges they pose. Therefore, this paper unpacks the experience of planning, organising and managing the 9th International Conference of Community Psychology (9ICCP) as a case study showing how onlife social contexts require the development of specific professional competencies and at the same time take advantages from psychologists' relational skills. Indeed, the conference hosted participants from all over the world, yet it was to be organised when the COVID‐19 pandemic and the Russian–Ukrainian war represented threats to participants' mobility, safety and health; therefore, it was managed as an onlife, hybrid event. Dealing with this meant that the organising committee had to face unprecedented challenges, which required the team to rely on the core competencies of community psychologists, and also on digital and technical skills as well as on models and competencies typical of other professional fields (e.g., social marketing principles). We will describe and discuss the strengths as well as the pitfalls of this process, with the aim of highlighting the main challenges required by dealing with hybrid, onlife settings and how they can be enhanced and updated. We will propose guidelines and key issues to be tackled, based on the relational and participatory community psychologists' competencies to be developed in onlife settings.
Constructing Talent and Flexibility in Focus Group Discussions on Inequality and Unemployment in Greece
Authors: Zisakou Anastasia , Griva Artemis‐Margarita , Figgou Lia , Petkanopoulou Katerina
Published: November 2024

This article examines the ways in which participants construct talent and flexibility in accounts of income inequality and (un)employment in Greece. Eight (8) focus groups with forty‐one (41) Greek citizens, aged 18–65 years were conducted. Analysis used the principles of Critical Discursive Social Psychology (CDSP). Participants were asked to evaluate the compensation that should be given to employees from different professional categories and to discuss changes in the Greek (un)employment policy. Findings indicated that in the first conversational context, talent (as one's inherent characteristic or as a byproduct of personal effort) was constructed as important for professional success. Besides, putting the right (talented) person in the right job was constituted as necessary for achieving maximum productivity. On the other hand, in the second conversational context, when participants discussed the new law on unemployment, they underscored the obligation of the unemployed to conform with the labour market's needs, regardless of their qualifications or talents. The ideal unemployed individual was represented as highly active and adaptable, while productivity was linked to flexibility. The discussion relates these potentially contradictory argumentative lines mobilised by participants to dilemmatic aspects of neoliberal ideology and its reproduction.
A case of bone resorption in the mentum caused by hyaluronic acid filler in a patient with skeletal Class II jaw deformity
Authors: Nakagawa Takayuki , Ono Shigehiro , Sakuma Miyuki , Ishida Yoko , Mizuta Kuniko , Uetsuki Ryo , Odan Keijyuro , Shintaku Yuko , Higuchi Masataka , Matsushita Yutaka , Kojima Shunichi , Hirata Isao , Kato Koichi , Aikawa Tomonao
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical Message

Chin augmentation by hyaluronic acid filler injection rarely causes abnormal bone resorption in the mentum. Thus, when taking the history of a patient with jaw deformity, it is imperative to check the history of treatment of the mentum.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection is a common procedure in nonsurgical cosmetic chin augmentation. Due to its high biocompatibility and simple injection technique, HA filler injection is a popular procedure. However, adverse events such as allergic reactions and foreign body reactions have been reported in some cases. In this study, we report a case of skeletal Class II jaw deformity in which bone resorption was observed in the mentum after HA filler injection. The purpose of this study is to discuss the indications for HA filler injection in skeletal Class II cases that require orthognathic surgery. The patient was a 30‐year‐old woman. To improve retrusion of the mentum, she has been receiving HA filler injections in the mentum three times every 6 months in the cosmetic surgery clinic since 2015. However, the retrusion of the mentum did not improve, which prompted here to visit the orthodontic clinic. Radiographs and CT revealed bowl‐shaped bone resorption surrounding the foreign bodies in the mentum. She was diagnosed with maxillary protrusion, vertical maxillary excess, mandibular retrusion, and bilateral condylar resorption. Bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (BOGS) and removal of residual HA fillers were planned after completion of the preoperative orthodontic treatment. After BOGS, the foreign bodies were completely removed, and the resorption cavities were filled with excess bone segments from the surgical sites. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the foreign bodies suggested the presence of HA. One year after the BOGS, no progression of condylar resorption occurred, and bone healing at the mentum had a good prognosis. Therefore, the patient underwent reduction and advancement genioplasty. She was satisfied with her facial profile and occlusal function. Unexpected bone resorption in the mentum caused by HA filler injection is often discovered incidentally. Although, patients may feel hesitant to confess their history of treatment of the mentum, it is important to ensure that they are carefully interviewed.
Pd Nanoparticles Decorated CeZrOx for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogenation of Biomass‐Derived Compounds
Authors: More Ganesh Sunil , Bal Rajaram , Srivastava Rajendra
Published: November 2024

The photocatalytic conversion of biomass‐derived compounds into value‐added chemicals presents a promising protocol for the sustainable production of renewable chemicals. Our study explores the hydrogenation of biomass model compounds under visible light illumination. Zr was incorporated into the CeO2 framework, forming a CeZrOx(1:0.5) solid solution, confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The light uptake capacity of the CeZrOx solid solution was characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy. Additionally, the band structure of the CeZrOx solid solution was assessed using valance band X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (VB‐XPS) and Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) analysis, revealing a Z‐Scheme, which was further confirmed by various control experiments. Upon decorating the CeZrOx(1:0.5) solid solution with 1 wt% palladium (Pd), the resulting 1Pd/CeZrOx(1:0.5) composite exhibited improved charge separation and enhanced visible light absorption capacity. This composite achieved ∼99% conversion of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol under a 15 W blue LED illumination and 0.2 MPa hydrogen. Similarly, it demonstrated ∼99% conversion of benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) to toluene and phenol under a 10 W blue LED illumination. Our findings elucidate the active sites and demonstrate the recyclability of mixed metal oxides for selective furfural hydrogenation and BPE hydrogenolysis under visible light.
Heterogeneous Catalysis for Aerobic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid under Base‐Free Conditions
Authors: Meng Zheng‐Zheng , Chen Shan‐Shan , Li Hong‐Ru , He Liang‐Nian
Published: November 2024

2,5‐Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a biomass‐derived monomer for the production of poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) (PEF), which is a novel polyester that can serve as a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum‐based poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Currently, the industrial production of FDCA depends on the thermo catalytic aerobic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) using heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous solution, in which process equivalent homogeneous bases are usually needed to promote the oxidation of hydroxymethyl and aldehyde groups and simultaneously improve the solubility of oxidative products via forming carboxylate. The involvement of massive base causes risks of equipment corrosion and necessitates subsequent product separation and purification with a large amount acid. In this context, the base‐free aerobic oxidation of HMF to FDCA has attracted much concern. Nowadays, by developing supported catalysts with multiple catalytic sites, using diluted substrate and finding good solvent for FDCA, much progress has been achieved in this field. This review provides the state of the art of the heterogeneous catalysis for aerobic oxidation of HMF to FDCA under base‐free conditions, highlighting the catalytic mechanism to shed light on the catalyst design principles.
Growth and Lipid Production of Ankistrodesmus Sp. IFRPD 1061 Under Mixotrophic Culture Condition: Effect of Sodium Acetate Concentration and Period Addition of Sodium Acetate in an Open Pond
Authors: Jarungkeerativimol Paninee , Sultan Imrana Niaz , Khan Muhammad Waseem , Parakulsuksatid Pramuk , Tareen Afrasiab Khan
Published: November 2024

Microalgae with increased amount of biomass and lipid yield are crucial for biodiesel production. Mixotrophic cultivation has prominence for increasing the micro‐algal cell concentration and hence the volumetric productivity owing to independent utilization of both the photo‐assimilation of CO2 and oxidative assimilation of organic carbon sources. In this study, Ankistrodesmus sp. IFRPD 1061 was examined under various concentrations of sodium acetate for concentration and productivity of biomass and lipid, lipid contents (LCs), and fatty acid profiles. The optimum condition was obtained at Day 21 with 10 mM sodium acetate, which gave 6.940 ± 0.057 g L−1 biomass concentration, 327.619 ± 2.020 mg L−1 day−1 biomass productivity, 2.795 ± 0.191 g L−1 lipid concentration, 131.955 ± 9.275 mg L−1 day−1 lipid productivity, and 40.286 % ± 3.079 % w/w LC. The optimum condition (10 mM sodium acetate) in an open pond cultivation attained maximum values at Day 14, that is, 0.575 ± 0.004 g L−1 biomass concentration, 38.161 ± 0.076 mg L−1 day−1 biomass productivity, 0.203 ± 0.002 g L−1 lipid concentration, 13.440 ± 0.197 mg L−1 day−1 lipid productivity, and 35.219 % ± 0.585 % w/w LC. The lipids recovered from mixotrophic micro‐algae were primarily unsaturated fatty acids, which are appropriate to produce biodiesel. The results revealed that a 10 mM sodium acetate concentration can enhance lipid accumulation within algal cells.
Isolated FeN3 sites anchored hierarchical porous carbon nanoboxes for hydrazine‐assisted rechargeable Zn‐CO2 batteries with ultralow charge voltage
Authors: Gao Sanshuang , Li Hongyi , Lu Zhansheng , Meng Songjie , Zhao Xue , Wang Xinzhong , Liu Xijun , Hu Guangzhi
Published: November 2024

Zn‐CO2 batteries (ZCBs) are promising for CO2 conversion and electric energy release. However, the ZCBs couple the electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2R) with the oxygen evolution reaction and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction, which normally causes ultrahigh charge voltage and CO2 conversion efficiency attenuation, thereby resulting in ~90% total power consumption. Herein, isolated FeN3 sites encapsulated in hierarchical porous carbon nanoboxes (Fe‐HPCN, derived from the thermal activation process of ferrocene and polydopamine‐coated cubic ZIF‐8) were proposed for hydrazine‐assisted rechargeable ZCBs based on ECO2R (discharging process: CO2 + 2H+ → CO + H2O) and hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR, charging process: N2H4 + 4OH− → N2 + 4H2O + 4e−). The isolated FeN3 endows the HzOR with a lower overpotential and boosts the ECO2R with a 96% CO Faraday efficiency (FECO). Benefitting from the bifunctional ECO2R and HzOR catalytic activities, the homemade hydrazine‐assisted rechargeable ZCBs assembled with the Fe‐HPCN air cathode exhibited an ultralow charge voltage (decreasing by ~1.84 V), excellent CO selectivity (FECO close to 100%), and high 89% energy efficiency. In situ infrared spectroscopy confirmed that Fe‐HPCN can generate rate‐determining *N2 and *CO intermediates during HzOR and ECO2R. This paper proposes FeN3 centers for bifunctional ECO2R/HzOR performance and further presents the pioneering achievements of ECO2R and HzOR for hydrazine‐assisted rechargeable ZCBs.
Ionic‐electronic dual‐conductor interface engineering and architecture design in layered lithium‐rich manganese‐based oxides
Authors: Fang Youyou , Su Yuefeng , Dong Jinyang , Zhao Jiayu , Wang Haoyu , Li Ning , Lu Yun , Wu Yujia , Li Wenbo , Yang Ni , Wu Xiaojuan , Wu Feng , Chen Lai
Published: November 2024

The burgeoning growth in electric vehicles and portable energy storage systems necessitates advances in the energy density and cost‐effectiveness of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), areas where lithium‐rich manganese‐based oxide (LLO) materials naturally stand out. Despite their inherent advantages, these materials encounter significant practical hurdles, including low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), diminished cycle/rate performance, and voltage fading during cycling, hindering their widespread adoption. In response, we introduce an ionic‐electronic dual‐conductive (IEDC) surface control strategy that integrates an electronically conductive graphene framework with an ionically conductive heteroepitaxial spinel Li4Mn5O12 layer. Prolonged electrochemical and structural analyses demonstrate that this IEDC heterostructure effectively minimizes polarization, mitigates structural distortion, and enhances electronic/ionic diffusion. Density functional theory calculations highlight an extensive Li+ percolation network and lower Li+ migration energies at the layered‐spinel interface. The designed LLO cathode with IEDC interface engineering (LMOSG) exhibits improved ICE (82.9% at 0.1 C), elevated initial discharge capacity (296.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C), exceptional rate capability (176.5 mAh g−1 at 5 C), and outstanding cycle stability (73.7% retention at 5 C after 500 cycles). These findings and the novel dual‐conductive surface architecture design offer promising directions for advancing high‐performance electrode materials.
Influencing Factors on the Wet Impregnation of Additive‐Manufactured Catalyst Support Structures
Authors: Wilmes Sebastian , Hinrichsen Olaf
Published: November 2024

The wet impregnation of additive manufactured aluminum oxide cylinders with platinum is investigated. The influence of five parameters on the penetration depth and the platinum loading is evaluated. A smaller penetration depth is obtained by increasing pH, sodium chloride concentration in the impregnation solution, decreasing impregnation solution volume, heating rate during subsequent calcination, and no vacuum during prewetting before the impregnation. A pH range of 2 to 4, a low chloride concentration, a small liquid volume, and no vacuum drawing lead to high platinum uptake. This investigation is crucial in understanding and optimizing the wet impregnation process, providing practical guidance for future research with more complex structures.
Obesity Paradox and the Effect of NT‐proBNP on All‐Cause and Cause‐Specific Mortality
Authors: Bahniwal Rupinder Kaur , Sadr Nargiza , Schinderle Colleen , Avila Cynthia J. , Sill Julie , Qayyum Rehan
Published: November 2024

Background

In heart failure patients, obesity is associated with better outcomes as compared to normal weight, a phenomenon called the obesity paradox.

Objective

To examine if obesity modifies the relationship between NT‐proBNP and all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in adults without coronary artery disease or heart failure history.

Methods

We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2004 and linked it with mortality through December 31, 2019. Participants > 18 years were categorized into normal weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI > 25–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 29.9 kg/m2). NT‐proBNP levels were categorized as low (< 126 pg/mL) or high (≥ 126 pg/mL). Using Cox proportional hazard models, we examined effect modification by obesity using interaction, without and with adjusting for potential confounders.

Results

Of the 12 621 participants, 2794 (22%) died during 202 859 person‐years follow‐up. In adjusted models, normal‐weight participants with high NT‐proBNP had 2 times higher all‐cause mortality risk than those with low NT‐proBNP (HR = 2.05; 95%CI = 1.74, 2.41; p < 0.001); however, this mortality risk was 27% lower in obese participants (HR interaction = 0.73; 95%CI = 0.59, 0.92; p = 0.008). Similarly, in normal‐weight participants, the difference in other‐cause mortality risk between high and low NT‐proBNP participants was significant in adjusted models (HR = 2.27; 95%CI = 1.81, 2.85; p < 0.001) and obese participants had 48% lower other‐cause mortality risk between those with high and low NT‐proBNP (interaction HR = 0.52; 95%CI = 0.36, 0.77; p = 0.001). Conversely, obesity did not modify the relationship between NT‐proBNP and cardiovascular or cancer mortality.

Conclusions

In patients free of heart failure or coronary artery disease, obesity may be protective against mortality associated with high NT‐proBNP.
Exploring Unique Patterns of Self‐Injury Recovery: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Hasking Penelope , Lewis Stephen P.
Published: November 2024

Background

As nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) has become an increasing public health concern, the last few years have seen the emergence of efforts to address NSSI recovery. Although many recovery efforts adopt a medical view of self‐injury and focus on cessation of the behaviour, recovery can mean many different things to different people. In this study, we provide initial empirical validation of the self‐injury recovery framework, by assessing whether different recovery profiles exist.

Methods

Our sample comprised 733 participants with lived experience of NSSI (M age = 24.54, sd = 6.39). Participants completed self‐report measures of constructs related to NSSI recovery and NSSI characteristics.

Results

Using latent profile analysis, we identified six unique profiles reflecting differences in thoughts/urges to self‐injure, self‐efficacy, social support, optimism, coping, underlying adversities, perceptions of scarring, disclosure, resilience and self‐compassion. Multivariate analyses of variance confirmed these profiles differed according to NSSI characteristics such as frequency of NSSI, a self‐assessment of recovery, the desire to self‐injure or avoid self‐injury and the number of people disclosed to.

Limitations

A homogenous sample and cross‐sectional design limit generalisability of our findings across populations and across time.

Conclusions

Our findings reinforce that recovery can take many different forms, with different factors being relevant to different individuals. Adopting a person‐centred approach that centres an individual's lived experience and emphasises what is important to them in the recovery process offers opportunities for more empathic responses to self‐injury and better outcomes for individuals who self‐injure.
Therapeutic Improvement in Single‐Session Therapy: Innovative Moments as Change Markers
Authors: Souza Laura Vilela e , Vidotto Letícia Trombini , Oliveira João Tiago , Batista João , Gonçalves Miguel M.
Published: November 2024

The growing demand for mental health services, exacerbated by long waiting lists and high psychotherapy dropout rates, highlights the urgent need for brief and effective approaches. The aim of this study was to analyse the presence and impact of change markers in online narrative single‐session therapy (NSST) and a change interview 1 month later. The change markers were coded in the NSST and the interview via the innovative moments (IMs) coding system. This coding system allows the identification of IMs (i.e., change markers), differentiating them into three levels of complexity (from lower complexity, Level 1, to the highest complexity, Level 3). Good and poor outcomes were categorized on the basis of the change in presession distress to the distress reported 1 month later at the change interview. Previous research has associated IMs with therapy outcomes, mostly with Level 2 and 3 IMs. In this study, more IMs emerged in the NSSTs of clients with good outcomes. The Level 3 IMs did not emerge in the NSST and only emerged in the change interview. There was a positive correlation between the decrease in distress and the emergence of Level 3 IMs in the change interview. The pattern of the relationship between the IMs in NSST and those in the change interview suggests that, in good outcome cases, there is a positive evolution in the emergence of change markers. These results demonstrate that IMs are produced in NSST, as occurs in regular psychotherapy, and suggest that the change initiated in a single session is expanded until the change interview for good outcome cases. The clinical implications of this study are discussed.