bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of playing classical music on behavior of stabled horses
Authors:   Veterinary Technology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Huo Xin , Wongkwanklom Matchirathakorn ,   Veterinary Technology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Phonraksa Thanakon ,   Veterinary Technology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Na-Lampang Pongchan ,   Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand
Published: November 2021

The potential benefits of music on animals might be through auditory enrichment which modifies the behavior of animals. Our preliminary study focused on using classical music for stabled horses which had stereotypic behaviors. The study was to investigate the effects of playing classical music on the general behaviors of stabled horses (n=4, performed stereotypies) in 5 periods. The 1st period was a 3-day control period during which no music was played. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th periods were 3-day periods of music. The 5th period was for 3 days when no music was played. During the days the classical music was played from 9:00 to 14:00. The behavior of horses was observed from 9:00 to 19:00. The results showed that the frequency of ingestion (P=0.003) and standing alert (P=0.004) during 10 hours observation were affected when music was played. When the periods of music increased, the frequency of ingestion increased. Meanwhile, there was a tendency for the frequency of standing alert to decrease, however, there was no difference in (P>0.05) between the different phases of music. The frequency of standing alert before the period of music was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the period after music. The frequencies of the total stereotypies (P=0.05) in 10-hours observation were affected by the periods of music. In conclusion, the classical music seems to keep the horse more relax according to the behavior results. The total number of stereotypies was reduced when classical music was played.
Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains in dairy farm wastewater in Chiang Mai
Authors:   Division of Veterinary Para clinic, Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Saekhow Prayuth , Sriphannam Chayaphon ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand,   Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
Published: November 2021

We investigated the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains in dairy farm wastewater in Chiang Mai, Thailand. We analyzed wastewater samples collected from 150 dairy farms and found that 88.7% of the farms (n = 133) were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was performed to characterize the presence of bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and blaSHV in ESBL-producing isolates. blaCTX-M was found in all isolates (n = 133), followed by blaTEM (80/133, 60.2%), whereas blaSHV was not detected in any isolate. blaCTX-M and blaTEM were present in 60.2% (80/133) of the isolates, and 39.8% (53/133) isolates carried bla CTX-M alone. Subgroup analysis showed that CTX-M-1 was the most prevalent subgroup among the isolates (129/133, 97.0%), followed by CTX-M-8 (2/133, 1.5%) and CTX-M-9 (2/133, 1.5%). The distribution of the phylogenetic groups was as follows: group A (100/133, 75.2%), followed by B1 (14/133, 10.5%), D (6/133, 4.5%), F (6/133, 4.5%), B2 (4/133, 3.0%), and E (3/133, 2.3%). Based on enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) and dendrogram analysis, 24 isolates were classified into clades I (n = 21), II (n =1), and III (n =2). Minor genetic differences were found in all clade I isolates. Our data suggest that the circulating of ESBL-producing E. coli carried at least one bla gene strain distributed in dairy farm wastewater in Chiang Mai.
Prevalence, genetic characterization, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from meat goats in the Northeastern region of Thailand
Authors:   Master of Science program in Interdisciplinary Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand, Chamlakhorn Wattanasak , Phuektes Patchara ,   Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand, Khang-Air Seri ,   Research Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand, Angkititrakul Sunpetch ,   Research Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to determine the prevalence, genotypic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella isolated from meat goats in the Northeastern region of Thailand. A total of 1,014 rectal swabs were collected from 30 meat goat farms during April to November, 2018. Salmonella was isolated and identified according to the International Organization for Standardization protocol (ISO-6579:2002/AMD:2017) and serotyped using a slide agglutination test following the Kauffmann-White scheme. An antimicrobial susceptibility test to determine minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12 antimicrobial agents was performed using a broth microdilution method following the CLSI protocol (2017). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of XbaI digested chromosomal DNA was used to determine genotypic diversity of the isolates. The overall prevalence of Salmonella in the meat goats was 1.28%. A total of 13 Salmonella isolates recovered from the meat goats belonged to 4 serovars includings. Weltevreden (n=4), S. Bovismorbificans (n=4), S. Paratyphi B (n=4), and S. Stanley (n=1). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed 2 antibiogram patternS. Eleven Salmonella isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested, except sulfamethoxazole, and the other 2 isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials. Genetic characterization of 13 Salmonella isolates by PFGE revealed 9 PFGE patterns that were grouped into 4 major clusters, A, B, C and D, with an 80% similarity value. This study revealed a low prevalence of Salmonella in meat goats in the Northeastern region of Thailand. Salmonella isolates were susceptible to most antimicrobials tested, with a very high proportion of resistance to sulfamethoxazole being observed.
Vitamin D2 production and in vitro ruminal degradation of UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast in Thai native cattle
Authors:   Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Hnokaew Patipan , Yammuen-Art Saowaluck ,   Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: November 2021

The purposes of this study were to investigate the optimum UV-B irradiation time needed to produce vitamin D enriched yeast and to promote in vitro ruminal degradation of UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast in Thai native cattle. Baker’s yeast and S. cerevisiae were irradiated at 0, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 16 and 24 hours. The UV-B irradiation of both yeast strains could significantly enhance vitamin D2 to the highest amount at 16 hours. The corn stover and TMR were studied for determination of in vitro ruminal degradation, included three treatments that involved each type of feed, namely feedstuff without supplementation, feedstuff with live yeast supplementation and feedstuff with UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast. Gas production data of the live yeast group and the UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast supplementation group, were significantly higher than those of the control groups for both types of feedstuffs. The vitamin D content of the vitamin D enriched yeast supplementation groups were not significantly different from those of the groups subjected to an initial incubation period (10.98 vs. 14.43μg, respectively). Therefore, after a period of irradiation of 16 hours, the two yeasts strain produced the highest vitamin D2 content, while Baker’s yeast produced vitamin D2 at higher amounts than S. cerevisiae. Notably, UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast improved the in vitro ruminal degradation, while also preventing a loss in the amount of vitamin D that was degraded by the rumen microorganisms.
Fast whole-brain imaging of seizures in zebrafish larvae by two-photon light-sheet microscopy
Authors: de Vito Giuseppe , Turrini Lapo , Müllenbroich Caroline , Ricci Pietro , Sancataldo Giuseppe , Mazzamuto Giacomo , Tiso Natascia , Sacconi Leonardo , Fanelli Duccio , Silvestri Ludovico , Vanzi Francesco , Pavone Francesco Saverio
Published: November 2021

Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) enables real-time whole-brain functional imaging in zebrafish larvae. Conventional one-photon LSFM can however induce undesirable visual stimulation due to the use of visible excitation light. The use of two-photon (2P) excitation, employing near-infrared invisible light, provides unbiased investigation of neuronal circuit dynamics. However, due to the low efficiency of the 2P absorption process, the imaging speed of this technique is typically limited by the signal-to-noise-ratio. Here, we describe a 2P LSFM setup designed for non-invasive imaging that enables quintuplicating state-of-the-art volumetric acquisition rate of the larval zebrafish brain (5 Hz) while keeping low the laser intensity on the specimen. We applied our system to the study of pharmacologically-induced acute seizures, characterizing the spatial-temporal dynamics of pathological activity and describing for the first time the appearance of caudo-rostral ictal waves (CRIWs).
Generation of 85 fs mid-IR pulses with up to 2.4 W average power using an Er:ZBLAN fiber mode-locked oscillator and a nonlinear amplifier
Authors: Cui Yifan , Chen Mingshu , Du Weizhi , Bai Yu , Galvanauskas Almantas
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we report a high power and compact mid-IR ultrafast laser system consisting of an Er:ZBLAN fiber-based mode-locked oscillator and a nonlinear amplifier. The mode-locked pulses are amplified and simultaneously nonlinearly compressed to sub-100 fs, without using any external pulse compressor or dispersion-managing stretcher. The output pulses have ∼85 fs pulse durations at ∼2.85 µm, with an average power of up to 2.4 W, and pulse energies of >40 nJ. This constitutes the highest average power sub-100fs duration pulses generated from a mid-IR fiber laser system to date.
Gastronomy unravelled by physics: Gastrophysics
Authors: Pedersen Mie Thorborg , Hansen Per Lyngs , Clausen Mathias Porsmose
Published: November 2021

Useful attempts to shed light on the nature of gastronomy from a scientific point of view and to unravel the crucial connection between food, eating and well-being are currently underrepresented in the scientific literature. However, several scientific disciplines ranging from the natural to the social sciences offer valuable new perspectives on gastronomy. As one of the key disciplines in natural science, physics offers original and rigorous perspectives on all processes and structures constrained by the laws of nature. The emerging discipline called gastrophysics employs the full range of concepts, techniques and methods from physics to generate useful scientific input to the complex and holistic reflections on gastronomy. Relying on a review of the existing literature, this article illustrates how a science-based gastrophysics emerges, to a large extent from the convoluted history of food science as well as from various recent – and often overlapping – attempts to combine modern scientific methodology to questions from gastronomy. However, the present review also insists on a physics-inspired methodology to handle scale and complexity in food preparation and consumption across length scales from sub-molecular to entire foods. We exemplify how gastrophysics directly helps to develop gastronomy and how it adds to current approaches in traditional food science. We also suggest that gastrophysics may prove relevant in the context of the ongoing food transformation, which focuses strongly on sustainability, but where the importance of gastronomic aspects in this transformation is greatly needed.
Severe evolution of brown spider arachnid accident: A case report
Authors: Danilo Leite da Silva Rocha Kaio , Hugo Melo Carvalho Victor , Ivo Martins Cidade Pedro , Sávio Soares Macedo Allan , Fernandes Peixoto Furtado Maria Isabel , Felippe de Araújo Rolim Francisco , Carvalho Bezerra de Brito Vieira Lívia
Published: November 2021

: O envenenamento por aranhas marrons (Loxosceles) ou loxoscelismo, pode produzir extensa dermonecrose e hemorragia no local da picada e, eventualmente, reações sistêmicas que podem se tornar letais. A evolução é caracterizada pela intensificação da dor, isquemia, vaso-espasmo, eritema, edema e parestesia. A picada da aranha marrom pode provocar um quadro cutâneo necrótico e mais raramente o quadro sistêmico, e fase cutâneo-visceral está associada à hemólise intravascular e em casos raros, levando a morte do paciente. No presente relato de caso, a paciente de 77 anos deu entrada no Hospital Regional do Cariri após surgimento de ferida dolorosa associada à vermelhidão na região da mama. Relatou uma picada de aranha no local há aproximadamente 20 dias. Durante o internamento evoluiu com acometimento sistêmico devido à extensa lesão necrótica de partes moles.  Foram realizados dois desbridamentos e excisão extensa na área da mama e região torácica. Apesar de todos os tratamentos e procedimentos realizados, a paciente apresentou agravamento no quadro e não resistiu, falecendo 22 dias após admissão no hospital.
 
Palavras-chave:  loxoscelismo, acidente aracnídeo, aracnidismo, dermatopatias.
Interceptação de caninos superiores em erupção ectópica
Authors: Paies Marina Bozzini , Marcelino Karolina Pires , Alves Arthur César de Medeiros , Pereira Halissa Simplício Gomes , Azevedo Isabelita Duarte , Caldas Sergei Godeiro Fernandes Rabelo
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: As impacções de caninos superiores permanentes ocorrem com frequência e o prognóstico se torna mais favorável quando o diagnóstico e interceptação são precoces. OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente de 10 anos de idade, com caninos superiores permanentes em processo de erupção ectópica e com suspeita de reabsorção radicular do incisivo lateral superior esquerdo. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo clínico longitudinal e intervencional do tipo relato de caso. RESULTADOS: A interceptação precoce por extração dos caninos decíduos superiores e a expansão lenta da maxila permitiram a reorientação dos caninos permanentes para seguir o trajeto de erupção normal, sem sequelas para os dentes adjacentes. CONCLUSÃO: O diagnóstico precoce e a interceptação do desvio do trajeto de erupção de caninos superiores permanentes são fatores importantes para o sucesso do tratamento.
A Ortodontia, o ponto de equilíbrio e a dicotomia de ideias
Authors: Almeida Marcio
Published: November 2021

Alguns ortodontistas são 8 ou 80, simplesmente não aceitam ser flexíveis. Na Ortodontia, é fundamental ter flexibilidade, com aumento da tolerância a erros e maior equilíbrio nas tomadas de decisões, em busca de padrões adaptados e coerentes com as demandas do contexto clínico de nossos pacientes. Podemos aumentar nossa capacidade de análise crítica, de adequação e de equilíbrio. Aliás, penso que equilíbrio é tudo na vida, assim como deveria ser na prática da Ortodontia.
Entrevista com Bernardo Souki
Authors: Souki Bernardo , Freitas Benedito Viana , Marassi Carlo , Carvalho Felipe de Assis Ribeiro , Machado Andre Wilson
Published: November 2021

Das milhares de pessoas que atravessam seu caminho de vida, quantas deixarão pegadas permanentes? Ao apresentar o Prof. Bernardo Souki nessa brilhante entrevista, olho para o meu caminho e enxergo as nítidas marcas que deixou! Eterno aluno e fã que sou, confesso a dificuldade de expressar a honra de coordenar uma entrevista com a sua assinatura! Em 2002, recém-formado, iniciei minha caminhada ortodôntica no Mestrado da PUC-Minas. Jovem, curioso, ansioso e com muito medo do novo. E eis que, por sorte ou providência de Deus, fui presenteado com a oportunidade de ser aluno do Prof. Bernardo Souki e, principalmente, de ganhar um grande amigo!
Bruxismo do sono e seus fatores associados: visão geral narrativa
Authors: Faber Carolina , Faber Jorge , Souza Andreia Oliveira
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O bruxismo do sono (BS) é uma condição comum que pode trazer importantes impactos na qualidade de vida e na saúde oral das pessoas, e afeta uma parcela importante da população global. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho objetivou revisar a literatura sobre o BS no que tange às suas formas de diagnóstico e fatores associados. CONCLUSÕES: As evidências sugerem ser a polissonografia o exame mais adequado para se estabelecer o diagnóstico da condição. Diferentes fatores estão associados ao BS, sendo que o nexo causal oclusão-bruxismo, antes muito defendido, convergiu para uma associação pequena ou inexistente. No entanto, o refluxo gastroesofágico, a ansiedade, diferentes psicofármacos e a síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono têm associação com o problema.
O que é o efeito Bauschinger?
Authors: Martins Renato Parsekian
Published: November 2021

OBJETIVO: O presente artigo se propõe a explicar e discutir a efeito Bauschinger na Ortodontia. CONCLUSÃO: Sabendo como os materiais metálicos se comportam, o ortodontista pode utilizar as propriedades mecânicas a seu favor e, também, saber como minimizar os efeitos indesejados que podem ocorrer devido às peculiaridades da Ortodontia.
Pancadas ou batidas nos dentes: como orientar os pacientes e as condutas
Authors: Consolaro Alberto , Oliveira Ingrid Araújo de
Published: November 2021

OBJETIVO: Difundir entre os profissionais e pacientes as condutas mais eficientes para preservar os dentes depois dos vários tipos de traumatismos dentários sem fraturas. DISCUSSÃO: São cinco as situações de traumatismos dentários para as quais devemos memorizar as condutas para conduzir os casos clínicos que podem se apresentar a qualquer profissional, incluindo-se os ortodontistas: 1) dente com mobilidade sem sair do osso; 2) o dente sai parcialmente do alvéolo, quase saindo do osso; 3) o dente saiu do alvéolo, mas ainda está na boca; 4) o dente saiu da boca e caiu no chão; e 5) o dente só ficou dolorido — a insidiosa concussão. CONCLUSÃO: Se houver reparo periodontal, o dente voltará à condição de normalidade. Se não houver reparo periodontal, o osso vai encostar e reabsorver o dente, que continuará funcionando normalmente por bom tempo. A anquilose alveolodentária e reabsorção dentária por substituição representam um processo contínuo, mas lento e assintomático. No controle do caso, deve-se evitar a contaminação da região via gengival e/ou a fratura e perda da coroa. O tratamento contemporâneo para esses casos é a decoronação seguida da colocação de implante.
A revista Clinical Orthodontics na plataforma de submissão ScholarOne Manuscripts
Authors: Almeida Marcio
Published: November 2021

Em uma época não tão remota assim, o processo de preparo e submissão de artigos em revistas clínicas e científicas era realizado, prioritariamente, pelo método impresso, ou seja, todo manuscrito deveria ser impresso em duas ou três vias, acompanhado de uma carta ao editor e colocado em um envelope selado, onde seria enviado pelos Correios até o endereço da editora responsável pela revista escolhida. Assim foi no início da Revista Clínica de Ortodontia Dental Press (RCODP), nos idos dos anos 2000... Um processo demasiadamente lento, que demandava muito esforço e paciência dos editores, colaboradores, revisores e, obviamente, dos autores, que aguardavam ansiosamente por uma resposta do editor-chefe.
Pinça Adson modificada para aplicação de ligaduras elásticas e elásticos em corrente
Authors: Bastos Marden
Published: November 2021

OBJETIVO: Esta seção descreve uma modificação em pinças Adson serrilhadas, para facilitar a aplicação de ligaduras elásticas modulares e elásticos em cadeia em “zero” e em “oito”. A modificação consiste em desgastar a ponta da pinça Adson com um disco de carborundum e confeccionar sulcos em sua extremidade, com uma broca Carbide #1558. CONCLUSÃO: Após o polimento com pontas de borracha, obtém-se uma ferramenta leve e precisa, de fácil manuseio, otimizando o dia a dia do ortodontista.
Mini-implantes na zona T: quais são os riscos?
Authors: André Cristiane B.
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A técnica de ancoragem esquelética em Ortodontia é utilizada frequentemente e, por muito tempo, acreditou-se que o palato é uma região segura para a instalação de mini-implantes. Embora existam áreas que normalmente apresentam volume ósseo adequado, ainda assim é preciso avaliar, de maneira individualizada e tridimensional (tomografia e escaneamento), cada paciente antes de qualquer perfuração nessa região. OBJETIVO: Assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar as adversidades encontradas na região anterior da zona T, que se apresentam com potencial para causar lesões, comprometer a biomecânica ou, até mesmo, causar insucesso da técnica. CONCLUSÃO: Essas adversidades podem dificultar a terapia dos profissionais que não utilizam imagens 3D para seus diagnósticos e planos de tratamento, pois não são visíveis clinicamente ou mesmo em radiografias. Também será apresentada uma técnica que fornece mais segurança e precisão durante esse procedimento.
Tratamento da Classe II utilizando miniparafusos extra-alveolares na IZC associados a aparelhos autoligáveis: relato de caso
Authors: Villela Henrique Mascarenhas
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: As más oclusões de Classe II de Angle de natureza dentoalveolar ou esquelética moderada podem ser tratadas por meio de exodontias na arcada superior, distalização da arcada superior e/ou mesialização da arcada inferior. Para atingir a relação dentária final desejada, além das exodontias, pode-se utilizar dispositivos intermaxilares ou diversos tipos de recursos de ancoragem convencionais; porém, todos promovem algum tipo de efeito colateral, que pode ser indesejado e de difícil controle. A introdução dos miniparafusos extra-alveolares na crista infrazigomática (IZC) aumentou a eficiência na distalização da arcada superior, simplificando a mecânica ortodôntica e anulando os efeitos colaterais indesejados, por meio de um procedimento minimamente invasivo. A maior vantagem desses dispositivos é posicionar o corpo dos miniparafusos afastado das raízes dos dentes a serem movimentados, permitindo maiores movimentos sagitais, sem a necessidade de reposicionamento desses dispositivos ou utilização de cursores. Além disso, outra vantagem a ser destacada é a simplicidade da instalação, com boa aceitação dos pacientes. OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso clínico no qual foram utilizados miniparafusos extra-alveolares na IZC como recurso de ancoragem para efetuar a distalização da arcada superior, associados a aparelhos autoligáveis com a prescrição MBT, na correção de uma Classe II de natureza esquelética suave. CONCLUSÃO: A associação dos miniparafusos extra-alveolares com o sistema de aparelhos autoligáveis se mostrou eficiente na correção da má oclusão de Classe II, simplificou a mecânica ortodôntica, inibiu os efeitos colaterais indesejados na arcada inferior, obteve excelente controle de torque e diminuiu a dependência de colaboração do paciente.
Finalização do tratamento ortodôntico em relações molares de Classe II e de Classe III
Authors: Moresca Ricardo , Trevisi Hugo
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Quando são realizadas extrações de pré-molares em apenas uma das arcadas dentárias, a relação molar será finalizada em Classe II ou em Classe III. A finalização do tratamento ortodôntico nessas relações oclusais exige ajustes na posição dos molares e dos pré-molares remanescentes, diferentes dos recomendados para a finalização em Classe I. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente artigo foi revisar as alterações necessárias para o aprimoramento da finalização do tratamento ortodôntico com os molares em relação de Classe II e de Classe III, considerando a utilização dos aparelhos pré-ajustados, com ênfase na prescrição MBT. CONCLUSÃO: Os principais ajustes necessários para a finalização dos molares em Classe II e em Classe III são a redução da angulação distal das raízes e a introdução de rotação mesial nas coroas dos molares superiores. Na finalização em Classe III, recomenda-se, ainda, a eliminação da angulação distal das raízes dos primeiros molares inferiores e uma pequena intrusão dos segundos pré-molares superiores. Esses ajustes contribuem para um melhor assentamento oclusal e para evitar interferências durante os movimentos funcionais da mandíbula.
Tinjauan Kebijakan dan Regulasi Pengembangan PLTS di Indonesia
Authors: Bayu Handoko , Windarta Jaka
Published: November 2021

Ketergantungan terhadap sumber energi fosil sebagai bahan bakar pembangkit listrik masih mendominasi sebagian besar sistem pemenuhan kebutuhan energi listrik di Indonesia. Usaha dalam rangka mengurangi fosil sebagai bahan bakar pembangkit dan beralih menggunakan energi baru terbarukan diupayakan oleh pemerintah dengan diterbitkannya aturan mengenai Kebijakan Energi Nasional. Komitmen pemerintah dalam rangka mendukung Kebijakan Energi Nasional, tercapainya 23% penggunaan energi baru dan terbarukan pada tahun 2025 diwujudkan dengan berbagai macam kebijakan maupun regulasi, salah satunya pada pengembangan PLTS di Indonesia. Adanya kepastian dan payung hukum pelaksanaan pengembangan PLTS diharapkan mampu memberi kesempatan seluas luasnya untuk memaksimalkan potensi energi surya yang ada di Indonesia. Regulasi dari sisi teknis maupun fiskal harus terus diperbarui untuk mendukung investasi pada pengembangan PLTS.
Overview Penyediaan Kapasitas Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air Berdasarkan Rencana Umum Energi Nasional (RUEN)
Authors: Kurniawan Hendra Ardi , Windarta Jaka
Published: November 2021

Seperti terlampir pada Rencana Umum Energi Nasional (RUEN), peran EBT ditargetkan minimal sebesar 23% dari total kebutuhan energi pada Tahun 2025. Secara khusus, penelitian ini membahas mengenai pemantauan penyediaan kapasitas pembangkit Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) guna untuk mendukung bauran energi sebesar 23%. Overview yang dilakukan melibatkan dua sumber data sebagai data sekunder yang berasal dari data pemodelan RUEN dan BPS. Pengumpulan data dilakukan yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perbandingan antara ketersediaan kapasitas aktual dengan pemodelan RUEN. Secara keseluruhan, pencapaian aktual penyediaan pembangkit PLTA memiliki gap sebesar 3% dari RUEN dimana Provinsi Kalimantan Barat menunjukkan penyediaan kapasitas pembangkit tertinggi berdasaran RUEN sebesar 234,27 MW dari perencanaan 2,2 MW sedangkan Provinsi Aceh menunjukkan provinsi yang memiliki progres paling rendah jika dibandingkan dengan provinsi lain yakni sebesar 2,64 MW dari perencanaan 128,4 MW. Studi lanjutan perlu dilakukan sebagai justifikasi dari setiap kemajuan dan/atau keterlambatan penyediaan yang disetiap wilayah sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai lesson learned untuk provinsi lain.
Tinjauan Metode Penangkapan Karbon untuk PLTU Batubara
Authors: Prakoso Satyo Jati , Windarta Jaka
Published: November 2021

Sektor energi adalah kontributor utama dalam emisi karbon di Indonesia. Dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan energi, maka emisi karbon dari sektor ini juga meningkat tiap tahunnya. Sampai tahun 2023 akan ada lebih dari 15 GW PLTU Batubara baru yang mulai beroperasi. Lambatnya perkembangan energi bersih yang ekonomis membuat Indonesia harus mulai mempertimbangkan teknologi lain untuk menurunkan emisi karbon. Salah satu yang layak dipertimbangkan adalah teknologi penangkapan karbon. Penelitian ini mengulas metode – metode penangkapan karbon yang ada juga kelebihan dan kekurangannya. Metode penangkapan paska pembakaran dianggap layak untuk dipertimbangkan karena lebih mudah diterapkan pada pembangkit yang sudah ada. Penelitian lebih jauh diperlukan untuk menurunkan kebutuhan energi dan biaya dari teknologi penangkapan karbon.
Themes, approaches, and methods in the geographical analysis of Czech and Slovak parliamentary elections: a systematic review
Authors: Kevický Dominik
Published: November 2021

This article reviews the field of electoral geography in Czechia and Slovakia. It systematically analyses selected publications to identify the most and least frequently researched topics, theories, and methods. Most of the analyzed studies strived to determine the factors underlying the uneven geographical distribution of election results. Issues of turnout and geographical representation were the least common. The cleavage theory was the most frequently applied theoretical approach, although most studies did not apply any theory. Only one study used the qualitative methodology, whereas the rest relied on quantitative methods. Most often, analyses were performed at the scale of districts and municipalities. The article identifies possible directions for future research in the electoral geography of Czechia and Slovakia.
Betulin terpenoid targets OVCAR-3 human ovarian carcinoma cells by inducing mitochondrial mediated apoptosis, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell migration and invasion and modulating mTOR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway
Authors: Yang Qin , Fei Zhiyi , Huang Chunyan
Published: November 2021

The main purpose of the current research work was to study in vitro anticancer effects of betulin in OVCAR-3 human ovarian carcinoma cells along with examining its effects on cellular apoptosis, cell cycle phase distribution, cell migration and invasion and mTOR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. The cell proliferation of OVCAR-3 cells at various doses of the drug was studied by CCK8 cell viability assay. Effects on cell apoptosis were studied by fluorescence microscopy and western blot. Effects on cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry and western blot. Transwell assays were used to study effects on cell migration and invasion. The results indicated that betulin led to significant reduction of OVCAR-3 cell viability in a dose-dependent as well as time dependent manner. Betulin also led to reduction in cell colonies. The anticancer effects of betulin were due to the induction of apoptosis which was seen by increased apoptotic cells with yellow and orange fluorescence. Betulin prompted mitochondrial apoptosis which was also associated with alteration in the apoptosis-related protein expression (Bax, Bad and Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL). The molecule also led to G2/M phase cell cycle arrest on OVACR-3 ovarian carcinoma cells. It was also observed that betulin could inhibit the migration and invasion of the ovarian cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Betulin molecule also resulted in blocking of mTOR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.  In conclusion, this study clearly indicates the anticancer effects of betulin natural product in OVCAR-3 human ovarian cancer cells are mediated via apoptosis induction, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, cell migration and invasion inhibition and targeting of mTOR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.
Melatonin hormone as a therapeutic weapon against neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Asefy Zahra , Khusro Ameer , Mammadova Shakar , Hoseinnejhad Sirus , Eftekhari Aziz , Alghamdi Saad , Dablool Anas S. , Almehmadi Mazen , Kazemi Elham , Sahibzada Muhammad Umar Khayam
Published: November 2021

Brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are irreversible conditions with several cognitive problems, including learning disabilities, memory loss, movement abnormalities, and speech problems. These disorders are caused by a variety of factors, mainly due to the toxic pollutants-induced biochemical changes in protein production, uncontrolled neuronal electrical activity, and altered neurotransmitter levels. Oxidative stress and toxicity associated with the increased glutamate levels decreased acetylcholine levels, and brain inflammation is the main contributing factor. Melatonin hormone is considered one of the potent treatment approaches for neurodegenerative disorders. Melatonin is released from the pineal gland and has a critical role in brain function regulation. Membrane receptors, binding sites, and chemical interaction mediate hormonal actions having multiple phenotypic expressions. It acts as a neurodegenerative agent against some neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), PD, depression, and migraines. Melatonin inhibits neurotoxic pollutants-induced Tau protein hyperphosphorylation, especially in AD. Other pivotal features of melatonin are its anti-inflammatory properties, which decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and factors such as IL-8, IL-6, and TNF. Melatonin also reduces NO (an inflammation factor). In this review, we have highlighted the protective effects of melatonin, mainly spotlighting its neuroprotective mechanisms that will be beneficial to assess their effects in environmental pollution-induced neurodegenerative pathology.
Analysis of influencing factors and prognosis of early postoperative recurrence, secondary tumor and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tang Haiyang , Hu Feiyun , Li Xinying , Song Hongjie
Published: November 2021

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and it accounts for more than 90% of oral cancers. In this study, we tried to estimate the risk of early postoperative recurrence, secondary tumor and metastasis of OSCC to predict the patient's prognosis according to its clinical condition to help increase their survival by screening high-risk patients. 153 patients with OSCC who were over 40 years of age were studied during 1985-2020. The influencing factors included gender, race, stage of tumor progression, treatment method, histological grade and tumor location, date of diagnosis and death, which were analyzed by the Markov multi-state model. Also, their saliva was sampled to determine the amount of Matrix Metalloproteinase13 (MMP13). Following-up of patients for 60 months showed that one year after the end of treatment, the probability of death was almost the same for patients with early postoperative recurrence or secondary tumor, but after 5 years, patients with early postoperative recurrence are at higher risk of death. Also, the MMP13 amount in the saliva of patients showed that high levels of MMP13 belonged to metastasis of OSCC than early postoperative recurrence and secondary tumor. Therefore, patients with more amount of MMP13 are more involved in metastasis than early postoperative recurrence and secondary tumor. Approximate knowledge of OSCC patients' next state and time according to their clinical condition can be one of the ways of timely diagnosis and treatment and thus reduce their mortality rate.
Comparison between direct use and PLGA nanocapsules containing drug of traditional Chinese medicine, Tiaojing Zhixue, in treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Authors: Han Jun , Wang Xianghua , Lv Wei , Tian Rui Yun , Guan Leilei
Published: November 2021

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is menstrual bleeding in abnormal volume, duration, or time, and it is a common problem in women. A wide range of drug therapies, with varying efficacy, is available for women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. The use of herbal and traditional medicine is one of the ways to treat this disease, which has fewer side effects than chemical drugs. On the other hand, these medicines have less effect on treatment than chemical drugs. Therefore, increasing their effectiveness in the treatment of diseases has always been important. For this purpose, in this study, a comparison was done between direct use and PLGA nanocapsules containing Tiaojing Zhixue, in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. First, PLGA nanocapsules containing Tiaojing Zhixue were synthesized by the electrospray technique. Then 80 women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding were treated with this medicine. These people were divided into two groups of 40 people. The first group was treated with 20mg of Tiaojing Zhixue and the other group was treated with PLGA nanocapsules containing Tiaojing Zhixue for eight months. The duration and frequency of bleeding from one month before the start of treatment and during the eight months after the start of treatment (second, fourth, and eighth month) were assessed in two groups. The two groups were homogeneous in terms of mean frequency of bleeding and mean duration of bleeding before starting treatment. The positive response in the PLGA nanocapsules treatment group (75%) was higher than the direct use drug treatment group (42.5%) (P < 0.01). The rate of side effects was the same in each group. Due to the effectiveness of PLGA nanocapsules in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding and the lack of side effects, it can be considered as an alternative medicine for the treatment of this disorder.
The role of GSTM1 gene polymorphism in pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction
Authors: Wang Shuo , Fan Zhibin
Published: November 2021

Constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction may be caused by mechanical or functional causes. This complication is a debilitating disease that needs proper and timely treatment. Many studies have shown that there is a direct link between constipation and intestinal cancer. One of the most effective ways to prevent or diagnose intestinal cancer is through genetic studies. Evaluation of people's polymorphism shows how much they are at risk for cancer. Therefore, in this study, the GSTM1 gene polymorphism was evaluated in patients with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction to assess better and manage this disease and investigate the possibility of anorectal cancer in these people. In this regard, 40 people with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction were compared with 40 healthy people. In the case group (patients), in addition to demographic and clinical evaluations, the anorectal manometric test was used to diagnose the pathology of the disease. Results showed that out of 40 patients with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction, 5 cases (12.5%) had megarectum, 7 cases (17.5%) had anismus, 10 cases (25%) had Hirschsprung's disease, 5 cases (12.5%) had descending perineum syndrome, 6 cases (15%) had rectal prolapse, 4 cases (10%) had enterocele, and 3 cases (7.5%) were with rectocele. Also, the results of GSTM1 gene deletion polymorphism showed that patients with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction were almost two times more exposed to the null genotype than the control group (P <0.04). Therefore, in people with both constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction and null genotype (i.e., deletion in the GSTM1 gene), because they do not have glutathione-S transferase, they appear to be at higher risk for anorectal cancer than healthy people with the same genotype.
Microbiological profile and antibiotic vulnerability of bacterial isolates
Authors: Alghamdi Saad
Published: November 2021

The development of multiple types of infections in patients admitted to the oncology ward is quite obvious. The infection accompanying mortality in cancer patients is attributed majorly to bacteria and then to fungi. Infections can be successful if an appropriate antibiotic is used based on the knowledge of their sensitivity pattern as well as commonly occurring bacteria. A retrospective study was designed to assess numerous bacteria isolated from infections in cancer patients reported to oncology centers of tertiary care hospitals in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. Total, 678 cancer patients were enrolled during this study. The clinical isolates were obtained from urine, blood, respiratory samples, soft tissues and skin areas. The processing of the samples was done in accordance with the “Standard Microbiology Laboratory Operating Procedures”. The identification of the isolated was done to their species and vulnerability tests were done as per the guidelines of “Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute”. During this study, 300 samples were acquired from both medical and surgical oncology wards and were cultured during the study period. Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter species, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the microbes that were encountered mostly. The resistance against various antibiotics was found to be encountered by Acinetobacter species whereas resistance against fluoroquinolones, cephalosporin and carbapenems was >50%, found to be encountered by K. pneumonia. There was 43.80% resistance was found against methicillin by the Staph. aureus species. This study concludes that an enhanced antibiotic resistance was found by gram-negative bacilli specifically, E. coli, K. pneumonia and Acinetobacter species. The resistance pattern was not found remarkably in gram-positive strains although, MRSA frequency is found to be upsurged.
Analysis of circRNA regulatory network in myocardial tissue of type 1 diabetic mice
Authors: Li Jianjun , Li Xiaoxiao , Qiao Xiaoming
Published: November 2021

Type 1 diabetes mellitus, also called insulin-dependent diabetes is associated with elevated blood glucose concentration arising from the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of death in diabetic patients. CircRNAs have been reported to participate in various human diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this study, the regulation network of circRNA in type 1 diabetes mellitus was investigated. Streptozotocin treatment was implemented to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus in the mouse model, and echocardiography was implemented to detect the heart function of the type 1 diabetes mellitus mouse. Also, the qRT-PCR assay was used to identify the circRNA expression in type 1 diabetes mellitus mouse myocardial tissue. Findings showed that heart function of type 1 diabetes mellitus mouse was significantly damaged than control group mouse and cardiac hypertrophy in type 1 diabetes mellitus mouse, circRNAs were aberrantly regulated in type 1 diabetes mellitus mouse myocardial tissue. The following circRNAs were mmu_circ_0001560, mmu_circ_0001800, mmu_circ_0001801, mmu_circ_0002281 and mmu_circ_0000614 were expressed low in type 1 diabetes mellitus mouse myocardial tissue. In conclusion, type 1 diabetes mellitus caused alterations in the regulation network of circRNAs.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi and nettle (Urtica dioica L.) leaves as their host
Authors: Salmi Djouza , Riou Catherine , Issawi Mohammad , Titouche Yacine , Ambrosini Veronica , Smail-Saadoun Noria , Abbaci Hocine , Houali Karim
Published: November 2021

Nettle (Urtica dioica L), as a plant rich in biologically active compounds, is one of the most important plants used in herbal medicine. Studies have shown that this plant has antioxidant, antiplatelet, hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemia effects. In this study, we characterized three Alternaria endophytic fungi isolated from their host U. dioica. We hypothesized that these endophytic fungi can produce new bioactive metabolites, which may possess the bioactive property with potential application in the medical and pharmaceutical industries. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against reference and isolated strains, including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. A wide range of antimicrobial activities similar to those measured in nettle leaves was detected especially for Alternaria sorghi. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant activity detected with DPPH free radical scavenging was measured for A. sorghi and nettle leaves ethyl acetate extracts. In addition, whereas catalase activity was similar in the three isolated fungi and nettle leaves, total thiol content and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly higher in leaves. A. sorghi showed the best activities compared to other isolated fungi. The characterization and further production of bioactive compounds produced by this endophyte should be investigated to fight bacteria and especially those that develop drug multi-resistance.
Prevalence of neoplasia in solitary and multiple esophago-gastrointestinal polyps: 5 years retrospective histopathological study
Authors: Mehdi Ahmed Hamdi
Published: November 2021

The increasing use of endoscopy has led to more discernable abnormalities in the stomach, including polyps. Gastric polyps encompass a spectrum of pathologic conditions that can vary in histology, neoplastic potential, and management. Despite their high prevalence, there is a paucity of literature to support management and treatment decisions for endoscopists. The goal of this review is to summarize clinical, endoscopic, and histopathologic features of various polyps, review syndromes associated with such polyps and provide management recommendations. The present study was carried out for analyzing and comparing the prevalence of neoplasia in polyps (Solitary and multiple) removed endoscopically from the esophagus, stomach, and bowel undergoing screening. Five years retrospective study was done on patients who underwent endoscopy procedures including Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) and colonoscopy between June 2015 and March 2019 in Faruk Medical City Hospital, Sulaimani City. Age and sex of patients, site of occurrence, number of polyps (solitary or multiple), and polyps' histologic type of 369 cases were analyzed in this study. Regarding solitary polyps, out of 279 polyps, 155 were neoplastic (55%) and 124 were non-neoplastic polyps, while multiple polyps, out of a total of 90 cases, 68 were neoplastic (75%) and 22 were non-neoplastic. More than 78% of patients were above the age of 40 years. Tubular adenoma was the most commonly diagnosed polyp. Large bowel was the most commonly involved site and left-sided polyps outnumbered right-sided ones with the sigmoid colon being the most commonly involved site. Screening programs including endoscopy, especially the colon for detecting polyps and particularly the colorectal region can be helpful to reduce morbidity and mortality of patients.
Recepcja myśli mariologicznej i maryjnej Johna Henry’ego Newmana w mariologii Soboru Watykańskiego II
Authors: Beyga Paweł
Published: November 2021

The main goal of this article is to show how John Henry Newman’s Mariology and thought on Blessed Mary penetrated into the Mariology of the Second Vatican Council. To begin with, the author outlines the context of Newman’s theological activity as well as the context of the last Council. Subsequently, selected aspects of Newman’s mariological reflection are discussed as they emerge in the conciliar documents. The author then advances a theological assessment of Newman’s conceptions which found their way into the documents of the council.
Jakub VI (I) Stuart w angielskiej przestrzeni religijnej
Authors: Basista Jakub
Published: November 2021

The paper is concerned with the religious issues in England at the time when James VI Stuart, King of Scotland, ascended to the throne. The reign of the land dominated by the Anglican confession, with the king as the supreme head of the Church, going into the hands of a ruler who had grown up in a Presbyterian environment posed  number of questions and challenges before the monarch and his subjects as well.
Integracja przez prawo; rec. książki: Troesmis I. Die Forschungen von 2010-2014, red. Cristina-Georgeta Alexandrescu, Christian Gugl, Barbara Kainrath
Authors: Mrozewicz Leszek
Published: November 2021

Integracja przez prawo; rec. książki: Troesmis I. Die Forschungen von 2010-2014, red. Cristina-Georgeta Alexandrescu, Christian Gugl, Barbara Kainrath
W okowach realizmu historycznego…; rec. ksiażki: Leonhard Schumacher, Historischer Realismus. Kleine Schriften zur Alten Geschichte, red. Frank Bernstein
Authors: Mrozewicz Leszek
Published: November 2021

W okowach realizmu historycznego…; rec. ksiażki: Leonhard Schumacher, Historischer Realismus. Kleine Schriften zur Alten Geschichte, red. Frank Bernstein