bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
South African occupational therapists' orthotic management of trigger finger and factors influencing their decision regarding splinting type
Authors: Mathenjwa Kuhlekonke V. , Mpanza December M , Chantal Christopher
Published: November 2024

Background: Orthotic management of trigger finger refers to the use of splints to immobilise affected joints.  The prevalence of trigger finger and the management and treatment practices utilised by occupational therapists for this affliction in South Africa, are not yet documented.
Aim:  To explore occupational therapists' orthotic management for clients with trigger finger in KwaZulu-Natal, and the factors influencing the therapists' decisions when prescribing orthoses.
Methods:  A quantitative cross-sectional study design was implemented with a sample size of 102 via a stratified random sampling approach.  A survey questionnaire was administered.  Data were coded using frequencies and then descriptively analysed using SPSS.
Results: Findings indicated that trigger finger is common in clinical settings and the majority (99%) of the occupational therapists use splints when managing trigger finger and as a first line of treatment (69.9%).  The joint-blocking splint is preferred by 96.6% of the participants with the MCP joint-blocking splint being favoured by 55.0%.  The most considered factors when deciding on the splint type are clinical presentation (99.1%) and the client's occupation (92.4%), and the most preferred measures of the effectiveness of treatment are pain (97.1%) and range of motion (97%).
Conclusion:  The study has demonstrated that the inconsistencies noted in global research also apply in KwaZulu-Natal.  Therefore, further investigation on the effectiveness of splinting and a guide on deciding on splint type as well as appropriate outcome measures, are necessary to ensure that cclients receive optimal care through evidence-informed practice.
Implications for Practice:

This study informs further understanding of the current assessment ptior to splinting and treatment practices that occupational therapist in the South African context provide for their clients with trigger-finger.
The study demonstrates that irrespective of the participant's level of experience and their clinical settings, the considerations when deciding on splint types remain the same.
The results are consistent with available literature, particularly with which splint type to use.  However, the development for a guide regarding the orthotic management of trigger finger covering aspects like the splint regime and the recommendations of exercises is vital, as discrepancies emerged largely fro these areas.  The type of exercises, stages at which they may be introduced, duration and requenccy should be considered for deeper engagement.
the development of this protocol will ensure consistency of treatment and evidence-informed practice.
Sofrimento psíquico: a experiência de pessoas que abandonaram o cuidado no CAPS
Authors: Bandeira Noemi , Onocko-Campos Rosana Teresa
Published: November 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) é um serviço público de saúde, aberto e comunitário, destinado a prestar cuidado a pessoas com sofrimento psíquico grave no Brasil. OBJETIVO: Esse artigo objetiva caracterizar a experiência de sofrimento psíquico de usuários/as que abandonaram o cuidado em saúde mental nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial. MÉTODO: Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com entrevistas em profundidade. Os/as participantes da pesquisa foram oito pessoas que deixaram de frequentar o CAPS. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados mostraram que os sujeitos apresentavam o sofrimento desde a infância, mas que só foram reconhecidos como tal após a emergência de crises na adolescência e na idade adulta. Foram encontradas diferenças de gênero nas vivências de sofrimento. Foi evidenciado que os sujeitos tentaram nomear o mal-estar através de sintomas conhecidos no discurso científico e psiquiátrico vigente. No entanto, isso mostrou-se insuficiente, conforme denunciam os sintomas corporais e os acting outs, provando que algo escapa ao reconhecimento simbólico. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Concluímos que, diante da necessidade de reconhecimento para o sofrimento psíquico, os serviços de saúde e a sociedade apresentaram respostas alienantes, capturadas pela racionalidade instrumental, com a objetificação das pessoas com uso de psicofármacos e com a tentativa de redução das subjetividades a identidades determinadas. Como consequência, o resultado foi a recusa, o abandono do tratamento e dos medicamentos, numa tentativa de preservar o singular.
Identifying Variations in Motor Fitness Components among Upper Primary and Secondary School Male Students
Authors: Bhagi Jupender Singh , Tyagi Sarita , Kaur Kuljeet
Published: November 2024

Background. Motor fitness helps students develop academically and socially. The students are more engaged in fitness activities with classmates of similar skills. Therefore, motor fitness programs should address kids’ capacity to increase physical activity.
Objectives. The study aimed to ascertain variations in upper primary and secondary school male students with respect to selected motor fitness components, i.e. strength (standing broad jump), speed (50-meter sprint) and endurance (800-meter run).
Materials and methods. A total of 150 male students, aged 12 to 16, from five schools in Delhi, India, participated in this study. The students were divided into five groups, each consisting of 30 students from both private and government schools. The study assessed three motor fitness components: strength (measured by the standing broad jump), speed (measured by a 50-meter sprint), and cardiovascular endurance (measured by an 800-meter run). The one-way ANOVA was used to identify significant differences among the groups, with post hoc LSD tests performed for pairwise comparisons. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied to all analyses.
Results. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences among the groups in all three motor fitness components: speed (F(4,145) = 27.07, p < 0.05), strength (F(4,145) = 16.93, p < 0.05), and cardiovascular endurance (F(4,145) = 75.46, p < 0.05). Post hoc analysis using the LSD test further indicated that students in each group differed significantly in strength, speed, and cardiovascular endurance when compared to one another.
Conclusions. The study concludes that male students in grades nine and ten demonstrate significantly higher levels of strength, speed, and cardiovascular endurance compared to students in grades six, seven, and eight. Therefore, motor fitness programs targeting these components should be tailored differently for upper primary and secondary school students to address their distinct developmental needs.
SAÚDE, TRÂNSITO E DESENVOLVIMENTO: RELAÇÕES E CONTEXTO EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO SERTÃO DE PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Spinola Emanuela Oliveira , Barbosa Anna Christina Freire , Bomfim Felipe Rodrigues , Silva Alineaurea Florentino
Published: November 2024

Os acidentes de trânsito terrestre (ATT) são eventos resultantes em dano ao veículo ou à sua carga e/ou em lesões a pessoas e/ou animais, cujas estatísticas mundial, nacional e local apontam para um grave problema de saúde pública, tendo em vista os elevados índices de mortalidade, de incapacidade temporária ou permanente para as vítimas, além dos seus desdobramentos biopsicossocial e territorial. Os dados epidemiológicos revelam a predominância dos ATT entre jovens e jovens adultos, em idade produtiva, do sexo masculino, em regiões de média e baixa renda, com maior quantitativo de veículos, aspectos que revelam muito sobre aspectos culturais, comportamentais, sociais, políticos, mas sobretudo, do modelo de desenvolvimento que revela as contradições entre a narrativa, a agenda pública e a realidade concreta. A partir da atuação profissional no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) há duas décadas junto a pacientes e familiares vítimas de ATT, emergiu o interesse em desvelar como se dá a sua relação com a Saúde, o Trânsito e o Desenvolvimento? Neste sentido, o referido artigo tem como objetivo analisar os ATT e suas interfaces com a saúde e o desenvolvimento na cidade de Petrolina- PE, no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza mista, envolvendo aspectos quantitativo e qualitativo, com cunho exploratório, com dados secundários- epidemiológicos e estatísticos dos ATT- de domínio público, acrescido de revisão bibliográfica por meio de autores que abordam a temática do Desenvolvimento. Os resultados apontam para além do problema de saúde pública, a necessidade de discussão em torno do modelo de desenvolvimento, bem como sua ressignificação para práticas integralizadoras de suas dimensões econômica, social, cultural e política, isto é, favorecendo assim o Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
ChrX Variant Installation Protocol v1
Authors: Che Eric
Published: November 2024

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various traits and diseases, yet understanding the functional consequences of these variants remains challenging. In this study, we focused on Chromosome X, selecting 1,852 variants (577 sentinel variants and the rest as proxies) associated with red blood cell traits, primarily located in non-coding regions, along with 55 clinically relevant variants catalogued in ClinVar, all associated with haematological disorders. We employed a near-PAMless adenine base editor (ABE8e-SpRY), and D10A-SpRY without deaminase as a control, in a proliferation and differentiation screen within erythroid precursor HUDEP-2 cells. By including ~5 guide RNAs (gRNAs) installing or perturbing each variant positioned along the gRNA editing window, we designed a total of 11,036 gRNAs. We are also developing a comprehensive computational pipeline tailored for PAM-less CRISPR base editing screens to analyze the large datasets generated from these screens. For instance, our current pipeline is capable of handling gRNA mapping despite self-editing of the gRNA cassette along with characterization of per-gRNA editing outcomes by processing the gRNA sensor construct containing a target-mimicking “surrogate” sequence. Our screen successfully identified a set of GWAS variants on Chromosome X that significantly impacted erythroid precursor differentiation. By comparing ABE8e and D10A using MAGeCK and BEAN, we identified 90 deletion variants and 69 enrichment variants, as well as 300 depletion gRNAs and 282 enrichment gRNAs with FDR ≤0.01. Ongoing work seeks to experimentally validate causal variants and determine their molecular mechanisms, including based on single cell perturbation analysis. This study aims to enhance our understanding of how genetic variants influence erythroid differentiation cellular phenotypes. Additionally, the development of a robust computational pipeline for base editing screens will provide a valuable resource for future studies aimed at exploring the functional genomics of trait-associated variants.
Generating stably-expressing Cas9 cancer organoid lines v2
Authors: Smith Jade , Fowler Tessa , Andres Agnieszka , Souster Emily , Rogers Hazel
Published: November 2024

This protocol aims to establish a robust Cas9 expression system in cancer organoids through a three-stage process. The first stage involves titrating blasticidin to determine the optimal concentration for eliminating wild-type cells while supporting the survival and growth of Cas9-expressing cells. The second step introduces the Cas9 gene, and the specified blasticidin concentration selects and maintains Cas9-positive cells. The final stage assesses Cas9 activity, ensuring functionality is above 75%. This established system facilitates precise, and genome-wide gene modification using the 'lentiCas9-Blast' CRISPR-Cas9 guide RNA system. Process Diagram
Open-field experiments from Alcacer et al 2024 v1
Authors: Alcacer Cristina
Published: November 2024

Open field experimental set up and protocol for Alcacer et al 2024.
L-DOPA Drug Treatment Alcacer et al 2024 v1
Authors: Alcacer Cristina
Published: November 2024

L-DOPA drug treatment administered to mice for imaging and behavioral studies, see protocol- "Open-field experiments from Alcacer et al 2024" DOI: dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.6qpvr9e9bvmk/v1 is the protocol this treatment protocol is used in.
Direct Detection of poliovirus and Nanopore Sequencing (DDNS) - Environmental Samples v1
Authors: Bujaki Erika , Tedcastle Alison , Wilton Thomas , not provided khurshida , ARSHAD YASIR , not provided alammu , Akello Joyce , Grassly Nick , Martin Javier , Troman Catherine , Shaw Alex , Rambaut Andrew , OToole Aine , not provided c.ansley , not provided rachel.colquhoun , Klapsa Dimitra
Published: November 2024

This protocol covers amplification of poliovirus nucleic acid from concentrated sewage samples and the subsequent sequencing of barcoded VP1 amplicons. The protocol was successfully tested on concentrates prepared with two-phase separation method, spin-column concentration and bag-mediated filtration system. Poliovirus molecular detection sensitivity will inherently depend on what viral content had been successfully captured in the starting wastewater concentrate sample. Viral RNA should be purified in duplicates from each concentrate following the method for MagMAX Viral RNA Isolation Large volume extraction protocol using 1.2 mL of concentrate for each extraction. It is recommended to perform the extraction fresh so the RNA can be used immediately after purification. Each RNA sample is then subjected to two step amplification in triplicates using a semi-nested PCR approach. Once controls are confirmed by gel electrophoresis, the PCR products are carried forward for nanopore sequencing library preparation. The PCR amplicons are pooled and purified before end-repair and dA-tailing. Following sequencing adapter ligation, the sequencing mix is prepared and loaded onto the flow cell. This protocol is for use with Oxford Nanopore kit14 chemistry ligation sequencing reagents and the prepared sequencing mix can be run on MinION Mk1B or GridION sequencer.
Abstracts in Slovene
Authors: Journal Cepar
Published: November 2024

Povzetki v slovenščini.
Imaging the main molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer: comparison of mammographic data and histological findings
Authors: Khodorovich O. S. , Kanakhina L. B. , Sherstneva T. V. , Kalinina-Masri A. A. , Dibirova Sh. M.
Published: November 2024

Background. Breast cancer (BC) stands as one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women, posing a significant threat to health and life. Timely diagnosis and treatment of BC play a pivotal role in enhancing patient survival rates.

Aim. To explore such a method of visualization of BC as mammography and the correlation of its results with the data of histological and immunohistochemical studies, and their significance in planning organ-conserving operations.

Materials and methods. The study involved 217 patients diagnosed with nodular BC (T1-2N1M0). AH patients underwent digital mammography, histological examination of biopsy and surgical specimens, and immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissue (determination of the expression of sex hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone), HER2/neu status and the status of the Ki-67 marker, reflecting the proliferative activity of tumor cells).

Results. Comparison of mammographic and histological/immunohistochemical findings revealed significant differences in tumor visualization among major molecular subtypes of BC. A statistically significant association (p <0.001) was established between carcinoma in situ and radiological features such as spiculated margins and calcifications on mammography.

Conclusion. Mammography emerges as an objective and accessible visualization method for BC, enabling assessment of tumor size and peritumoral region. However, for planning breast-conserving surgery for luminal and HER2-positive BC subtypes, a multimodal diagnostic approach is recommended to assess tumor spread, incorporating ultrasound and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Estimation of the girls cost vaccination against human papillomavirus in the Siberian Federal District
Authors: Ananina O. A. , Zhuykova L. D. , Kolomiets L. A. , Choinzonov E. L. , Kononova G. A. , Pikalova L. V.
Published: November 2024

Background. The non-declining cervical cancer incidence in the Siberian Federal District 16.30/0000 (in Russia - 13.80 /0000) necessitate preventive vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV).

Aim. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in girls aged 9-14 years in the Siberian Federal District as a whole and in the context of subjects with a 60, 80, 90 percent target cohort.

Materials and methods. We studied the size of the female population aged 9-14 years in the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District for 2022, the average total cost of the vaccine, information on the gross regional product per capita, form C51 “Distribution of deaths by gender, age groups and causes of death” of Tomsk region, 2022. Age-standardized rate per 100,000 population of morbidity and detection (in percentages) of pre-invasive cervix cancer (carcinoma in situ) in the Siberian Federal District were calculated per 100 newly diagnosed malignant cervix neoplasms in 2022.

Results. In the Irkutsk, Tomsk regions, Altai and Krasnoyarsk territories age-standardized rate (16.6; 17.8; 16.3; 18.90 /0000, respectively), the detection rate of pre-invasive cancer was 48.0-82.4 %, which indicates on the effectiveness of measures for early cervical cancer diagnosis. In the Republics of Tyva, Altai, Khakassia, age-standardized rate (26.4; 20.1; 19.30 /0000, respectively), cancer in situ was diagnosed in 8.2-23.6 % of cases, which indicates an insufficient level and defects in the organization preventive examinations in medical institutions. In the first year of vaccination against HPV with 60 % coverage of a girls cohort 9-14 years old (n = 404,943), 9.3 billion rubles will be required, with 80 % coverage (539,924 girls) - more than 12.4 billion rubles, with 90 % coverage (607,415 girls) - more than 13.9 billion rubles for primary vaccination against HPV. In subsequent years, more than 2.5-2.8 billion rubles will be required annually. Over 5 years, with 90 % coverage of the population, the financial costs of vaccination will be (817.8 million rubles), and the subsequent 4 annual investments (163.6 million rubles per year). The economic damage caused by mortality from cervical cancer in the Tomsk region over five years (2018-2022) amounted to 3,166.4 million rubles.

Conclusion. Using the example of the Tomsk region, it was noted that when comparing financial resources, the costs of vaccinating girls against HPV are 2.2 times less than the economic damage from cervical cancer mortality. Regional budget funding for girls vaccination in administrative territories is relevant before its integration into the national calendar of preventive vaccinations.
Dynamics of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia according to cytological and morphological data on the example of women’s consultations in Yekaterinburg
Authors: Lapikova S. N. , Saydullaeva K. Kh. , Rosyuk E. A.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To analyze the dynamics of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia according to cytology and morphology data on the example of women’s consultations in Yekaterinburg.

Materials and methods. A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted. The authors analyzed data from reports on the work of the cervical pathology office on the basis of two women’s consultations in Yekaterinburg: the women’s consultation No. 1 of Central City Clinical Hospital No. 6 and the women’s consultation No. 2 of Central City Clinical Hospital No. 6 for the period from the 1st quarter of 2022 to the 2nd quarter of 2023.

Results. The number of results on the absence of pathological changes in the cytological examination of the cervix (negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, NILM) increased quarterly in both the city’s women’s consultations during the analyzed time period. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) has the highest proportion in the structure of abnormal cytological results. The observation group in the women’s consultation No. 1 is almost 2 times larger than in the women’s consultation No. 2 (р = 0.0048). Statistically significant differences are observed only in the frequency of ASC-US (р = 0.049). The authors did not reveal statistically significant differences in the findings of histological studies of cervical tissue.

Conclusion. After Order No. 521p entered into force in Yekaterinburg, a larger number of patients were covered by cytological screening. The number of normal results increased due to healthy women, but the frequency of abnormal cytology results remains at the same level. This may be due to increased accessibility and improved quality of medical care. In patients who have undergone cervical screening, secondary prevention of cervical cancer can be effectively carried out.
Ovarian cancer in situ: a case report
Authors: Turomsha A. N. , Protasova A. E. , Raskin G. A. , Kravtsova E. D. , Andreev A. L. , Strakh L. V. , Sheremet M. Yu.
Published: November 2024

In most cases, ovarian cancer is diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to a poor prognosis. Currently, there is no effective screening for ovarian cancer, so detecting it in the early stages is a fairly successful case.
Positive results of treatment of adenocystic carcinoma of the parotid salivary gland with lenvatinib
Authors: Filippov I. A. , Shvedsky M. S. , Gaisina E. A. , Bakhova L. A.
Published: November 2024

Malignant tumors of the salivary glands account for 3–5 % of all head and neck cancers. Adenocystic carcinomas are malignant neoplasms that most often arise from large and small salivary glands. The disease is characterized by a progressive course with local and distant relapses.The article presents a clinical case of successful treatment with lenvatinib in suboptimal doses of adenocystic carcinoma of the parotid salivary gland.
USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING URBAN HEAT ISLANDS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ZATSERKOVNYI Vitalii , DE DONATIS Mauro ,   University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Urbino, Italy, PLICHKO Liudmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SAKHNIUK Stanislav ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ODARCHUK Natalia ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine, MIRONCHUK Tetiana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Background. The urbanization process is accelerating every day, which entails significant changes in the natural landscape. This leads to microclimatic changes, air pollution, thermal effect, etc. Due to air pollution by man-made emissions in urbanized areas, the thermal regime is changing; the concentration of carbon dioxide and water vapor has now reached 90 % of the total amount of pollutants. As a result, another problem arises that contributes to global warming – the "greenhouse effect". Elevated air temperatures affect human health leading to breathing problems, seizures, heat and sunstroke, heat stress, and increased mortality. Considering the potential danger of elevated air temperatures caused by urban heat islands affecting the lives of residents, an effective and relevant method for surface temperature analysis and heat island location determination should be developed. Methods. During urban heat island monitoring, the main factor of analysis is surface temperature, which was determined in the study using indices such as: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTVFI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). Results. This paper describes a study of the distribution of urban heat islands in three European capitals, including Kyiv, Oslo and Rome, from May 2013 to August 2023. Using the capabilities of the GoogleEarthEngine cloud platform and data from the Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite, the condition of green spaces, the number of impervious surfaces and indices of surface temperatures (LST) were compared, resulting in maps of the distribution of urban heat islands (UHIs) in the areas of selected cities and towns demonstrating quantitative changes. Conclusions. Thus, the study showed a decrease in the number of urban heat islands along with impervious surfaces in the city of Kyiv by 4 %. At the same time, Rome and Oslo experienced an increase in the number of urban heat islands along with impervious surfaces. The data obtained prove the feasibility of using the chosen research method and can be used to assess the environmental condition, identify risk zones, and develop effective measures to further prevent the spread of UHI in megacities.
Three Gorges Seismological Network: Monitoring Seismicity at the Three Gorges Reservoir Forebay
Authors: Chen Fang , Wang Dun , Yao Dongdong , Liao Wulin , Na Heiya
Published: November 2024

In this study, we report on a nodal seismic deployment targeting the forebay area of the Three Gorges Reservoir. This deployment aimed to enhance the detection of microearthquakes and refine the imaging of subsurface geological structures. The network’s first phase of operation spanned from 2 September 2020 to 16 November 2020. It consisted of 78 short-period seismometers with an approximate interstation distance of 5 km. Using advanced deep-learning algorithms for phase detection and event location, we identified 1165 seismic events in this period, which exceeds the 623 events identified in the manual catalog using the same dataset. The catalog’s magnitude of completeness is ML ∼−0.3. The experiment from this deployment can offer guidelines for future microseismic monitoring networks, allowing for the strategic design of nodal seismometer spacing and other key parameters to meet specific observational requirements.
Huir, regresar y volver a empezar. Familias cafeteras y conflicto armado en Ciénaga, Magdalena
Authors: Barón Luis Fernando , Franco-Patiño Sandra Milena
Published: November 2024

Although issues around coffee production have been extensively studied in Colombia, there are few studies on the relationship between coffee cultivation and armed conflict. This article is the product of a qualitative study with coffee growers —mainly women— from the municipality of Ciénaga (Magdalena), and contributes to analyzing the relationship between coffee and armed conflict in a local context. It shows how the latter has impacted the former as well as family incomes and wellbeing by breaking community and organizational ties and changing daily life. Additionally, it helps to understand the role of families and women in coffee production, and how they help to mitigate the armed conflict. It also shows how migrations, peasant traditions and knowledge, families, and the empowerment of women have allowed them to survive in territories affected by those dynamics and violent actors.
Report of a rare case of ovarian ectopic pregnancy following ipsilateral salpingectomy and review of literature
Authors: Thomas Anuja , Thompson Aisling , Mcilwaine Patrick
Published: November 2024

This is the case report of an ovarian ectopic pregnancy in a lady who had undergone ipsilateral salpingectomy previously. A 35-year-old lady, P1+1, was admitted with lower abdominal pain at 6 weeks of gestation. She had a caesarean section in her first pregnancy followed by a left sided tubal ectopic pregnancy managed by laparoscopic left salpingectomy. Transvaginal scan showed a mass in the left adnexa. Laparoscopy revealed a suspected ovarian ectopic pregnancy which was removed. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Ectopic pregnancy occurs in 1-2% of all pregnancies and is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Recurrence of ectopic pregnancies are rare, ranging from 6-28%. Ovarian ectopic pregnancy following ipsilateral salpingectomy is a rare occurrence. Timely diagnosis and management are vital for preventing morbidity and mortality.
Bridging the gap: opportunities, challenges, and future directions for teleradiology in rural healthcare
Authors: Hasan Jamal , Shekhqader Tiba , Al-Kabban Fadi M. , Najm Ghdah , Rathore Sawai Singh
Published: November 2024

Teleradiology, the electronic transmission of radiological images and data for diagnostic purposes, holds significant promise for improving healthcare access in rural and underserved regions. This review explores the opportunities and challenges of implementing teleradiology in rural settings, where limited access to radiology services exacerbates healthcare disparities. Teleradiology offers multiple benefits, including improved access to timely diagnostics, enhanced decision-making, and cost savings for rural patients who would otherwise need to travel to urban centers for radiology services. It has shown positive outcomes globally, with examples in India, Mali, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Brazil, demonstrating its feasibility and potential to reduce geographic health inequities. However, implementing teleradiology in these settings faces several challenges, such as technological limitations, workforce shortages, regulatory and legal barriers, data security concerns, and cultural acceptance issues. Solutions and recommendations include investments in infrastructure, workforce training, supportive regulatory frameworks, secure data management, and adaptable telehealth models that consider socioeconomic factors in rural areas. By addressing these challenges, stakeholders can enhance the impact of teleradiology in rural healthcare systems, ultimately contributing to reduced disparities and improved healthcare outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and suggests actionable pathways for advancing teleradiology in rural settings worldwide.
Environmental health and human health-unifying strategies, conceptual framework and green prescriptions: a review
Authors: Chandar Deepika , Ravipragasam Surendar
Published: November 2024

The intricate relationship between environmental conditions and human health is increasingly acknowledged as a critical area of public health research. As global challenges such as climate change, urbanization, and biodiversity loss become more pronounced, understanding the connections between these environmental factors and health outcomes is essential for developing effective public health strategies. This analysis delves into the complex interactions that exist between environmental influences and health, emphasizing the urgent need for integrated approaches that simultaneously promote ecological sustainability and enhance community well-being. Environmental degradation has significant implications for human health, with many deaths linked to preventable environmental health risks. These risks encompass a wide range of issues, including air and water pollution, exposure to hazardous substances, and the impacts of climate change, all of which disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. A conceptual framework is proposed to elucidate the multifaceted connections between environmental exposures, health determinants, and health outcomes, enabling a clearer understanding of how these elements interrelate. Cohesive strategies, such as the one health approach, advocate for collaboration across various sectors, including public health, veterinary health, and environmental management, to address the shared challenges of health and environmental degradation. Additionally, the principles of planetary health highlight the interdependence of ecosystems and human well-being, underscoring the need for sustainable management of natural resources to safeguard health outcomes. This article also explores the concept of "green prescriptions," which involve recommending nature-based interventions to enhance physical, mental, and social well-being. These prescriptions have demonstrated effectiveness in promoting health while fostering a sense of environmental stewardship. By synthesizing current evidence and successful case studies, this review emphasizes the significance of adopting a holistic perspective that integrates environmental considerations into healthcare practices. Ultimately, fostering collaboration among various stakeholders will contribute to the development of resilient communities that are better equipped to navigate the intertwined challenges of health and environmental sustainability.
Prevalence of surgical site infections in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Goa, India: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Narathattil Akhila , Ferreira A. M.
Published: November 2024

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major category of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), particularly in surgical settings. They lead to extended hospital stays, increased morbidity, and financial burden. The study was conducted in the surgical wards of Goa medical college, a tertiary care hospital, to assess the prevalence of SSIs and identify the key bacterial pathogens and associated risk factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study design was employed, involving 378 patients aged over 18 years admitted for surgical procedures. Data collection included daily follow-up for signs of infection, identification of bacterial pathogens, and analysis of potential risk factors such as age, type of surgery, duration of postoperative drain, length of hospital stays, and wound classification. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results: The study identified an SSI prevalence of 12.69% among the participants, with Pseudomonas being the most common causative agent. Significant risk factors included extended postoperative drain duration, longer hospital stays, emergency surgical procedures, and surgeries involving contaminated or clean-contaminated wounds. Patients with prolonged postoperative drains had a markedly higher incidence of SSIs (63.63%).
Conclusions: The findings reveal a considerable burden of SSIs in the studied setting, with high infection rates in patients undergoing prolonged drain usage, emergency surgeries, and surgeries on contaminated wounds. Strengthening infection prevention measures, particularly in high-risk cases, and enforcing strict adherence to hygiene and sterilization practices are critical. Enhanced infection surveillance programs and targeted interventions could help reduce SSI rates, improve patient outcomes, and minimize healthcare costs.
An overview of treatment strategies for class II and class III malocclusions
Authors: Almoabady Ebraheem H. , Alzahrani Sultan S. , Algrny Ahmad J. , Aldhaban Omar A. , Alshammari Maha N. , Aldaghriry Waad K. , Bagabir Rgad A. , Alolaiqi Fatimah F. , Alghamdi Ali A. , Almaghlouth Aisha , Altaf Rehab W. , Alshehri Riyadh M. , Aldawsari Atheer M.
Published: November 2024

Class II and class III malocclusions represent common yet complex dental conditions that affect both aesthetics and function. Managing these malocclusions requires an approach tailored to the patient's growth stage, with early interventions focusing on growth modification and adult cases often necessitating surgical solutions. In class II malocclusions, growth modification with functional appliances such as the Twin Block and Herbst appliance promotes mandibular advancement and improves facial harmony in younger patients. For older individuals or those with more severe malocclusions, orthodontic camouflage or mandibular advancement surgery, including bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, is recommended to achieve a balanced occlusal relationship and improve facial proportions. Class III malocclusions, often involving a prognathic mandible or maxillary deficiency, are particularly challenging. For young patients, facemask therapy and rapid maxillary expansion can encourage maxillary growth, while chin cup therapy can control mandibular projection, aiming to improve skeletal balance. In severe adult cases, combined orthodontic-surgical treatments, such as maxillary advancement through Le Fort I osteotomy or mandibular setback procedures, provide durable, functionally stable outcomes. Surgical-orthodontic approaches, including bimaxillary surgery, are particularly advantageous for severe class III cases by effectively addressing the underlying skeletal imbalances and enhancing facial aesthetics. Growth modification techniques emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention, aiming to harness natural growth potential and reduce the need for more invasive treatments later in life. For adult patients, surgical interventions present a definitive solution, delivering substantial improvements in function and appearance. Ongoing advances in both orthodontic and surgical techniques are refining the precision and stability of treatment outcomes, underscoring the need for individualized, age-appropriate strategies in managing class II and class III malocclusions.
Analysis of Ash Content of Red Salak Bean Coffee (Salacca edulis) Based on Duration of Roasting Length
Authors: Smith Alwi , Simal Rufiati , Pattiasina Eifan Boyke , Lekiwona Agnes
Published: November 2024

Maluku province, Seram district in the west, found a strawberry. Fruit is a tropical and horticultural commodity with a fairly high availability. Protein, ash, fat, and water are the closest analysis, carbohydrates as well as fiber. Coffee has a distinctive aroma from the coffee plant and contains high levels of caffeine compounds. The presence of this compound under certain conditions will make coffee unsuitable for consumption, so several types of coffee have emerged which are made from grains from certain plants. One of the potential seeds is snake fruit seeds. Coffee seeds are a new beverage product, the researchers used the old coagulation factor, because long coagulation will affect the formation of aroma and the color of the coffee powder produced will determine the characteristic taste of coffee, which is caused by long variations in coagulation times that vary. The results obtained are presented in the form of tables and analyzed descriptively. The resulting ash composition of red coffee seeds (Salacca edulis) based on different grain durations was 3.46% for 30 minutes, 4.24% for 60 minutes, and 4.70% for 90 minutes. The highest ash content found in red coffee was 4.70% and the lowest grain is 2.46%.
Keywords: Red Salak, ash content, roasting duration
Development of Project-based Mathematics Learning (PjBL) Using the Island Sea Context
Authors: Laamena Christina M. , Laurens Theresia , Palinussa Anderson
Published: November 2024

Implementing learning using the PjBL model will be meaningful for students if it is connected to the students’ world. This research aims to produce a mathematics learning tool with the PjBL model that is valid, practical, and effective in the context of the island sea. This research is development research that aims to develop an island sea-based PjBL learning model. The development stages use a 4D model which consists of definition, design, development, and dissemination; however, in this research dissemination was not carried out. The research results show that the mathematics learning tools using PjBL are valid, practical, and effective. The learning tools used in learning are proven to be very practical for student activities and improve learning outcomes. The accompanying impact that emerges is communication skills and complex problem solving.
Keywords: project-based learning, island marine context, 4D model, problem solving
Orang Haria and Marriage Customs: The Reality of Socio-cultural Order in the Maluku Archipelago
Authors: Alfons Christwyn Ruusniel , Titaley Elsina
Published: November 2024

Maluku is an archipelagic region consisting of both large and small islands surrounded by the ocean. The community interaction dynamics on and between these islands are shaped by the knowledge or mindsets based on each community’s cultural background or traditional customs, which are institutionalized within every individual and within the collective community of its adherents. Specifically, marriage customs, whether it involves payment of a dowry or traditional legitimization, integrates two individuals with different identity backgrounds into the social environment on a micro-scale (family/mataruma) and a macro scale (village/community). The people of Haria identify themselves as part of Negeri Haria, one of the traditional villages on Saparua Island, Maluku, which has meaningful marriage traditions aimed at establishing social and cultural order. These marriage customs signal to family members and ancestors about the marriage events of descendants, visible from the traditional process of introducing a wife, whether from within or outside Negeri Haria, and the obligations of a man who marries and takes a daughter from Negeri Haria to merge with his identity (family/original village). The various conditions include kain berkat (negeri wealth) meja kaweng, marriage dowry payment, and hatu mata. Additionally, there are traditions of changing the surname of a child born out of wedlock (child reallocation) or adopting someone else’s anak (arken anak). The young generation of Negeri Haria, generally needs more precise knowledge about marriage customs to form social order for newly established households. This writing aims to reveal the objective reality of the community’s oral traditions in written form, preserved for cultural conservation purposes. The reality was discovered using qualitative research, such as observation and interview methods. Hence, efforts to preserve the cultural values of this indigenous community involve tracing stories from traditional leaders who possess the knowledge and perform the ritual processes of marriage customs.
Keywords: Orang Haria, marriage customs, socio-cultural regularities
Student Misconceptions about Heat Transfer Mechanisms: An Island Ethnophysics Study
Authors: Souisa Cinta Amergebi , Batlolona John Rafafy , Malawau Seska
Published: November 2024

Learners’ conceptual frameworks vary greatly, but they develop from their everyday experiences over time and change as they mature. Their intuitive understanding of the world around them often needs to match scientific concepts as seen by experts. It is essential in culturally based teaching to recognize how these naïve conceptions differ from scientific explanations of concepts and why children construct these ideas. Heat transfer mechanisms are conceptually rich material. Particularly in the Indonesian context, little effort has been made to reduce misconceptions. This prompted us to conduct a study in this area. We present a study on students’ misconceptions about heat transfer mechanisms, namely conduction, convection, and radiation. This study aimed to analyze students’ misconceptions about heat transfer mechanisms through an ethnophysics study. The method used was a non-experimental quantitative case study. In addition, a survey was conducted in the form of a diagnostic test in the form of questions related to heat transfer for 100 students. The findings in the field show that students experience relatively high misconceptions. So far, teachers have not accustomed students to learning from contextual things in the form of local wisdom around them. They have given scientific questions to search for, find, and provide answers and solutions to these natural phenomena. The teacher mainly pursues cognition and physics problems in textbooks and less explores contextual matters. Future research is suggested to develop physics teaching materials based on local wisdom oriented to 21st-century life skills that can support students to live in the future.
Keywords: student misconceptions, heat transfer mechanisms, island ethnophysics
Facilitating Students' Cognitive Engagement in Online Asynchronous Discussion Within a Remote English Foreign Language Learning Environment
Authors: Maruanaya Hendrik Jacob , Lekawael Rosina F.J. , Loppies Hellien Jequelin
Published: November 2024

This study examined the cognitive presence of students in an asynchronous online discussion in the Second Language Acquisition (SLA) course. The course combined synchronous meetings through Zoom sessions to support student participation in asynchronous discussions. The study involved a cohort of 36 participants from the two remote extended campuses of Pattimura University in Maluku. Through content analysis, two key aspects were examined: (1) student participation rates, and (2) the extent of students’ cognitive presence within the discussions. The content analysis findings revealed that although each student made a minimum of two contributions per topic during online asynchronous discussions, they exhibited a moderately high level of cognition, incorporating problem recognition, exploration, integration, and solution, not only in individual messages but also in the overall exchange of information within the discussion thread. These findings suggest that a combination of synchronous meetings through Zoom sessions, tailored prompts, feedback, and social interactions enhances students' active engagement and utilization of cognitive skills in online asynchronous discussions.
Keywords: online asynchronous discussion, English foreign language learning, cognitive presence
The Influence of the Beyond Centers and Circles Time (BCCT)Approach and the DRILL Method on Children's CognitiveDevelopment in PAUD Ambon City
Authors: Abarua Hermelina , Aihena Mirdayati
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the effects of the drill method, the BCCT approach, and a combination of both (the drill method and BCCT approach) in improving children’s cognitive development in PAUD Ambon City. This research uses an ex po facto research design. The subject of this research is the grades of Xaferius Kindergarten students in Ambon City in 2022 using the drill method on 15 students in the age group of 5-6 years. The learning outcomes of 25 students involved in this research was studied. The subjects in this research were homogeneous according to the characteristics of the learning method. The data were collected through 1). The scores obtained by students in the school on the pretest. 2). Conduct the treatment during 6 meetings. 3). Conduct the post test. In this research, the data collected was analyzed using analytical techniques: 1). Descriptive analysis was used to describe inferential variables, and 2). In inferential statistics, the level of students’ cognitive development of students who were given BCCT treatment was higher compared to the group of students who were given drill method treatment. Through the test criteria, if tcount ≤ ttable then H0 is accepted, it turns out tcount ≤ ttable, is -23,216 > 0.000, so H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Where the calculated t value is greater than the r table, it indicates that there are differences between the two groups so that the BCCT learning approach is good to use in developing the cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years.
Keywords: beyond centers and circles time (BCCT) approach, drill method, cognitive development