bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy labelling of alcoholic drinks as a public health policy to reduce obesity: An integrative review
Authors: Robinson Eric , Boyland Emma , Evans Rebecca , Finlay Amy , Halsall Lauren , Humphreys Gabrielle , Langfield Tess , McFarland-Lesser India , Patel Zina , Jones Andrew
Published: October 2021

Objective: Both excessive alcohol consumption and obesity produce a considerable public health burden. Alcohol is calorie dense, but unlike food products, alcoholic drinks tend to be exempt from nutritional labelling laws that require energy content information to be displayed on packaging or at point of purchase. Design: Here we provide an integrative review on the potential of alcoholic drink energy labelling as a public health policy to reduce obesity. Results: We first outline the contribution that alcohol makes to population level daily energy intake and the role that alcohol consumption may have in promoting obesity. We next discuss the extent to which there is a consumer need for alcoholic drink energy labelling and the potential impact that energy labelling of alcoholic drinks would have on both consumer and industry behaviour. The direct and indirect pathways and mechanisms by which energy labelling of alcoholic drinks could theoretically influence public health are discussed, as well as possible unintended consequences of alcoholic drink energy labelling. Conclusion: We conclude by discussing key questions that will need to be answered by future research in order to determine how effective energy labelling of alcoholic drink policies will be in reducing obesity and improving public health.
MIKRO KONSELING: Konselor Handal, Profesional Dan Bermartabat Dengan Keterampilan (Skill) Konseling
Authors: Adicita Rizal
Published: October 2021

Buku ini membahas mengenai pendahuluan, pelaksanaan kegiatan mikro konseling, pendekatan, keterampilan, perencaaan, penilaian, dan sistematika penyusunan pelaporan kegiatan praktik, dan mikro konseling. Penulis mengetahui, dan sadar bahwa penulisan buku pedoman ini masih banyak kekurangan, dan sangat jauh kesempurnaan,karena mengingat pengetahuan dan kemampuan penulis yang masih terbatas.Maka dari itu,penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun,Sehingga pada saat penyusunan buku selanjutnya, bisa lebih baik lagi hasilnya. Meski masih banyak kekurangan atas penulisan buku ini, Penulis mengharapkan semoga buku ini mampu memberi sumbangsih, dan manfaat bagi pengguna (user), maupun Penulis pada khususnya.
Psychosocial Profile Of Subjects Presenting With Sexual Dysfunctions In Psychiatry Outpatient Department Of A Teaching Hospital In Nepal
Authors: Poudel R.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Sexuality is way people experience and express themselves sexually. It influences psychological, physical and social well-being of both men and women. Sexual dysfunctions are believed to be among the commonly prevalent psychological disorders in the general population but there is a lack of published research papers and literature related to sexuality and sexual medicine from Nepal. The aim of the present study was to descriptively analyze the nature of sexual dysfunctions in a teaching hospital.

Material And Method: Retrospective analysis of data from subjects attending the psychiatry outpatient department in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur over the calendar year 2019 was done. Sociodemographic and clinical parameters of the subjects were obtained from the OPD register. Diagnosis was made using the DSM-5.

Results: Out of total 54 subjects, 92.6% were male while 7.4% were female. Married subjects constituted 79.6% while single/unmarried 20.4%. Premature ejaculation was the most common sexual dysfunction encountered (55.5%) followed by erectile disorder (33.3%) and female sexual interest/arousal disorder (5.5%). Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder was seen in 3.7% and genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder was seen in 2%.

Conclusion: Males more commonly seek medical help for sexual dysfunction than females. People especially females, hesitate to discuss and seek medical help for sexual dysfunctions. There is lack of research on sexual medicine and sexuality from Nepal and prevalence of various sexual dysfunctions is not known.
Cultivating Cultural Competence
Authors: Hall Jori N.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Cultural competence is a complex and contested notion. Yet it remains integral to working with difference in the context of evaluation practice. Given its status in evaluation practice, the field’s commitment to cultural competence prompts the need for further interrogation and reconsideration. Accordingly, this article explores the establishment and conceptualization of cultural competence. Potential challenges to cultural competence are also examined. In consideration of these challenges, an alternative framework is offered based on the philosophy of Emanuel Levinas. This work aims to support the evaluation community’s ability to work with cultural diversity, a vital aspect of evaluation practice.
НИТРОЗИЛЬНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ ГЕМОГЛОБИНА В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ МОДЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ
Authors:   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Грачев Д.И. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России, Шумаев К.Б. ,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России,   ФИЦ «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» РАН, Космачевская О.В. ,   ФИЦ «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» РАН, Топунов А.Ф. ,   ФИЦ «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» РАН, Рууге Э.К. ,   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова,   Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии Минздрава России
Published: October 2021

Комплексы оксида азота (NO) с железом гемовой группы гемоглобина (Hb(II)NO) и динитрозильные комплексы железа c тиолами, в том числе с цистеиновыми остатками гемоглобина (Hb-ДНКЖ), могут играть важную роль в процессах окислительного, галогенирующего и нитрозативного стресса в сердечно-сосудистой системе. В работе в различных модельных системах с помощью спектроскопии электронного парамагнитного резонанса парамагнитных комплексов NO и спиновых аддуктов DEPMPO рассмотрено взаимодействие гемоглобиновых комплексов NO двух этих типов с активными формами галогенов, кислорода и азота, а также алкоксильными и алкилперекисными радикалами. Показано, что хлорноватистая кислота (гипохлорит) и пероксинитрит количественно разрушают Hb-ДНКЖ. В присутствии дитионита S-нитрозоглутатион может участвовать в нитрозилировании дезоксигемоглобина с образованием Hb(II)NO, тогда как добавление в эту систему пероксинитрита приводит к формированию динитрозильных комплексов железа. Вместе с тем Hb(II)NO и Hb-ДНКЖ снижают уровень органических свободных радикалов, продуцируемых в реакции гемоглобина с гидропероксидом трет-бутила. Полученные данные указывают на способность исследованных нитрозильных комплексов гемоглобина перехватывать активные формы кислорода, азота и галогенов и тем самым влиять на процессы свободнорадикального окисления.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПЛАЗМЕННОЙ СУБПЛАНТАЦИИ ИОНОВ АЗОТА НА СТРУКТУРНО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ УПРУГОГО ПОЛИУРЕТАНА
Authors:   Институт механики сплошных сред УрО РАН, Морозов И.А. , Каменецких А.С. ,   Институт электрофизики УрО РАН, Беляев А.Ю. ,   Институт механики сплошных сред УрО РАН, Щербань М.Г. ,   Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Лемкина Л.М. ,   Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов УрО РАН, Ерошенко Д.В. ,   Институт технической химии УрО РАН
Published: October 2021

Исследовано влияние плазменной субплантации ионов азота с энергией до 0.5 кэВ на свойства упругого полиуретана (модуль упругости 30 МПа). В результате обработки изменяются структурно-механические свойства поверхностного слоя материала толщиной в несколько нанометров. Полиуретан имеет фазовое разделение на жесткую и мягкую фазы; модифицированные поверхности также не являются механически однородными. Благодаря увеличению гидрофобности и энергии поверхности обработанные материалы показали улучшенную сорбционную активность к альбумину и снижение количества жизнеспособных бактерий кишечной палочки. Незначительное увеличение жесткости модифицированного слоя (в 1.5-2.0 раза по сравнению с необработанным материалом) позволило избежать повреждения поверхности при растяжении до деформаций не менее 50%.
Countering Negative Effects of Hate Speech in a Multi-Agent Society
Authors: Müller Arthur , Lopez-Sanchez Maite
Published: October 2021

Hate speech expresses prejudice and discrimination based on personal characteristics such as race or gender. Research has proven that the amount of hateful messages increases on online social media. If not countered properly, the spread of hatred can overwhelm entire societies. This paper proposes a multi-agent model of the spread of hatred. We reuse insights from previous research to construct and validate a baseline model. From this, three countermeasures are modelled and simulated to investigate their effectiveness in containing the spread of hatred: (1) The long-term measure of education is very successful, but it still cannot eliminate hatred completely; (2) Deferring hateful content has a similar positive effect with the advantage of being a short-term countermeasure; (3) Extreme cyber activism against hatred can worsen the situation and even increase the likelihood of high polarisation within societies.
On the Convergence of Financial Distress Propagation on Generic Networks
Authors: Unceta Irene , Salbanya Bernat , Nin Jordi
Published: October 2021

Financial networks represent the daily business interactions of customers and suppliers. Research in this domain has mainly focused on characterizing different network structures and studying dynamical processes over them. These two aspects, structure and dynamics, play a key role in understanding how emergent collective behaviors, such as those that arise during economic crises, propagate through networks. Business interactions between companies form a direct and weighted network, where the financial distress of a node depends on the ability of its customers to fulfill payments. In situations where there is no such inbound cash flow, a company may have to close down due to a lack of liquidity. Interconnection therefore seems to be at the core of systemic fragility. Whether the nature and form of this connection may have an impact on how distress is propagated is still an open question. In this paper, we study how disruptive events propagate through different network structures, under different scenarios. For this purpose, we use a liquidity model that describes how the economy of nodes evolves from a given initial state in terms of their interactions. From our experiments, we empirically conclude that most of the studied network dynamics reach a steady-state, even in the presence of large noise values.
Cutting Tool Wearing Identification Through Predictive Maintenance and Its Impact on Surface Quality
Authors: Gonzalez Castro Jose Maria , Ramirez Sandoval Giselle , Vidales Coca Eduard , Cuadrado Lafoz Nuri , Bonada Francesc
Published: October 2021

Smart manufacturing has been in the media for a long time, but the reality shows that traditional mechanical manufacturing industries have not been able to implement data solutions aligned with Industry 4.0 standards. This work inquiries into the possibility of measuring cutting tool vibrations for CNC turning machines and presents the data analysis and a predictive model to identify tool wearing that can affects integrity surface quality of the manufactured component. These preliminary results are orientated towards implementing a predictive maintenance methodology in cutting tools.
Alternation Measures for the Evaluation of Selfish Agents’ Turn-Taking
Authors: Papadopoulos Nikolaos Al. , Sanchez-Fibla Marti
Published: October 2021

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning reductionist simulations can provide a spectrum of opportunities towards the modeling and understanding of complex social phenomena such as common-pool appropriation. In this paper, a multiplayer variant of Battle-of-the-Exes is suggested as appropriate for experimentation regarding fair and efficient coordination and turn-taking among selfish agents. Going beyond literature’s fairness and efficiency, a novel measure is proposed for turn-taking coordination evaluation, robust to the number of agents and episodes of a system. Six variants of this measure are defined, entitled Alternation Measures or ALT. ALT measures were found sufficient to capture the desired properties (alternation, fair and efficient distribution) in comparison to state-of-the-art measures, thus they were benchmarked and tested through a series of experiments with Reinforcement Learning agents, aspiring to contribute novel tools for a deeper understanding of emergent social outcomes.
Segmenting the Optic Disc Using a Deep Learning Ensemble Model Based on OWA Operators
Authors: Ali Mohammed Yousef Salem , Abdel-Nasser Mohamed , Jabreel Mohammed , Valls Aida , Baget Marc
Published: October 2021

The optic disc (OD) is the point where the retinal vessels begin. OD carries essential information linked to Diabetic Retinopathy and glaucoma that may cause vision loss. Therefore, accurate segmentation of the optic disc from eye fundus images is essential to develop efficient automated DR and glaucoma detection systems. This paper presents a deep learning-based system for OD segmentation based on an ensemble of efficient semantic segmentation models for medical image segmentation. The aggregation of the different DL models was performed with the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators. We proposed the use of a dynamically generated set of weights that can give a different contribution to the models according to their performance during the segmentation of OD in the eye fundus images. The effectiveness of the proposed system was assessed on a fundus image dataset collected from the Hospital Sant Joan de Reus. We obtained Jaccard, Dice, Precision, and Recall scores of 95.40, 95.10, 96.70, and 93.90%, respectively.
WEU-Net: A Weight Excitation U-Net for Lung Nodule Segmentation
Authors: Banu Syeda Furruka , Sarker Md. Mostafa Kamal , Abdel-Nasser Mohamed , Rashwan Hatem A. , Puig Domenec
Published: October 2021

Lung cancer is a dangerous non-communicable disease attacking both women and men and every year it causes thousands of deaths worldwide. Accurate lung nodule segmentation in computed tomography (CT) images can help detect lung cancer early. Since there are different locations and indistinguishable shapes of lung nodules in CT images, the accuracy of the existing automated lung nodule segmentation methods still needs further enhancements. In an attempt towards overcoming the above-mentioned challenges, this paper presents WEU-Net; an end-to-end encoder-decoder deep learning approach to accurately segment lung nodules in CT images. Specifically, we use a U-Net network as a baseline and propose a weight excitation (WE) mechanism to encourage the deep learning network to learn lung nodule-relevant contextual features during the training stage. WEU-Net was trained and validated on a publicly available CT images dataset called LIDC-IDRI. The experimental results demonstrated that WEU-Net achieved a Dice score of 82.83% and a Jaccard similarity coefficient of 70.55%.
Promising Depth Map Prediction Method from a Single Image Based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Abdulwahab Saddam , Rashwan Hatem A. , Masoumian Armin , Sharaf Najwa , Puig Domenec
Published: October 2021

Pose estimation is typically performed through 3D images. In contrast, estimating the pose from a single RGB image is still a difficult task. RGB images do not only represent objects’ shape, but also represent the intensity that is relative to the viewpoint, texture, and lighting condition. While the 3D pose estimation from depth images is considered a promising approach since the depth image only represents objects’ shape. Thus, it is necessary to know what is the appropriate method that can be used for predicting the depth image from a 2D RGB image and then to use for getting the 3D pose estimation. In this paper, we propose a promising approach based on a deep learning model for depth estimation in order to improve the 3D pose estimation. The proposed model consists of two successive networks. The first network is an autoencoder network that maps from the RGB domain to the depth domain. The second network is a discriminator network that compares a real depth image to a generated depth image to support the first network to generate an accurate depth image. In this work, we do not use real depth images corresponding to the input color images. Our contribution is to use 3D CAD models corresponding to objects appearing in color images to render depth images from different viewpoints. These rendered images are then used as ground truth and to guide the autoencoder network to learn the mapping from the image domain to the depth domain. The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art models on the publicly PASCAL 3D+ dataset.
SOCIO-CULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR REHABILITATION OF HEARING-IMPAIRED ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors:   East-Siberian State Institute of Culture, Tatarova S. P. , Zateeva N. A. ,   East-Siberian State Institute of Culture
Published: October 2021

Introduction. A high-quality life of hearing-impaired seniors is impossible without comprehensive rehabilitation and services that meet their physical, mental, and social needs and are aimed at compensating for their disabilities. In the complex rehabilitation system for disabled people of various nosology and age, a significant role is assigned to socio-cultural rehabilitation. Materials and research methods. The research methodology is based on the theory of compensatory abilities of the human body. The empirical basis of the study relies on an analysis of activities carried out by the Buryat regional branch of the All-Russian Society of the Deaf and the generalization of the authors’ experience in working with the hearing-impaired. Research goals and objectives. The study aims to summarize the experience of using socio-cultural rehabilitation technologies for the elderly with hearing impairments. The objectives are to determine the potential of socio-cultural technologies used in working with hearing-impaired elderly people; identify the most effective socio-cultural technologies applicable in the rehabilitation of hearing-impaired senior citizens; analyze the experience of working with the selected social category within the framework of the project “Baikal Summer School “Silver Age” in 2017-2019. The object of the research is the process of socio-cultural rehabilitation of hearing-impaired elderly people. Research results. The findings indicate that the socio-cultural rehabilitation of the hearing-impaired older adults seldom goes beyond the activities of specialized institutions and the All-Russian Society of the Deaf. Cultural and leisure institutions are not always ready to accept the specific audience, as they do not have trained specialists and special equipment for working with the deaf and hard of hearing. Innovation in solving existing problems is the involvement of individuals with disabilities in inclusive projects. Proposition underlying the study is that the activities especially significant for older people with hearing impairment are those able to improve their emotional wellbeing, expand communication, and enable their self-realization. Discussion and conclusion. A three-year project for the elderly, the Baikal Summer School ”Silver Age”, has confirmed the hypothesis that the rehabilitation program designed with a focus on the problems and specific features of its participants is effective and helps increase the rehabilitation potential of the participants. Keywords: socio-cultural rehabilitation, hearing-impaired people, the elderly, people with disabilities.
PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS BASED ON MOTIVES
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kuzekevich V. R. , Rusakov A. A. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: October 2021

Introduction. This paper addresses a study into the professional orientation of physical education students through the analysis of their personal motives, and the motives of future professional, educational, recreational, and sports activities. Materials and methods: We conducted a longitudinal study aimed at studying the professional orientation of students from 2008 to 2019. The analysis of professional motivation included the motives divided into three groups: the motives of future professional and educational activities; the motives of recreational and sports activities; and the personal motives. Discussion and results. The analysis of the motivational complex indicates the following: students often choose motives, which in some way contradict one another. This suggests that the motivational complex of the students is unshaped and they do not have clear goals and guidelines; the professional focus of the learning process is often not realized by students as a process of preparing for professional activity, and as a result, some students do not plan their future work in the field they study. At the same time, many students are aware of and understand new opportunities for professional self-actualization. Keywords: motives, students, physical education, educational activity, professional training
Current management of vaginal dryness
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Tazina T.V. , Knyazeva A.V. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Bebneva T.V. ,   Russian University of Peoples’ Friendship, Moscow, Russian Federation,   National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The proportion of women of perimenopausal and postmenopausal age increases every year. Hormonal changes which are typical for these women are characterized by hypoestrogenism and a great diversity of clinical signs, e.g., vaginal dryness, irritation, itching, pain, burning, dyspareunia, and frequent urination. These symptoms occur at any age but are more common in postmenopausal women. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) significantly reduces the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Among GSM presentations, vulvovaginal atrophy affects only vulvar and vaginal mucosa. Managing vulvovaginal atrophy in women of various ages is an important issue of gynecological practice. This paper describes current approaches to the treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy in women of various ages with a special focus on the association between vaginal dryness and the reduction of both general and sexual quality of life. In particular, non-hormonal topical medications are discussed. Knowing current (including international) approaches to address vaginal dryness are important for obstetrical gynecological practice. KEYWORDS: genitourinary syndrome of menopause, vulvovaginal atrophy, lubricants, vaginal moisturizers. FOR CITATION: Tazina T.V., Knyazeva A.V., Bebneva T.V. Current management of vaginal dryness. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):250–253 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-250-253.
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is a diagnostic and predicting tool for movement disorders in children after hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Authors:   Research Practical Center for Children’s Psychoneurology, Moscow, Russia, Pugolovkin K.A. , Efimova E.A. ,   Research Practical Center for Children’s Psychoneurology, Moscow, Russia, Dombrovskaya E.A. ,   Research Practical Center for Children’s Psychoneurology, Moscow, Russia, Platonova I.Yu. ,   Research Practical Center for Children’s Psychoneurology, Moscow, Russia, Solov’ev A.A. ,   Research Practical Center for Children’s Psychoneurology, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2021

Aim: to assess brain circulation in the regions supplied by the basilar artery (BA) in children with movement disorders and motor skill delay in the late rehabilitative period after hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and its importance for the objectivity of clinical data and evaluation of rehabilitative effect. Patients and Methods: 28 children (mean age one year seven months) with movement disorders and motor skill delay (after hypoxic ischemic CNS lesion in the perinatal period) without lower extremity paraparesis or Willis circle abnormalities (by Doppler ultrasound) were examined. Doppler ultrasound was performed using the suboccipital approach at 3–8 months with 3–4-month intervals. The parameters of blood flow in BA, i.e., resistivity index (RI) and mean blood flow velocity (Vm), were measured. Retrospectively, children were divided into three groups based on motor skill delay severity (mild, moderate, or severe) and time for standing unaided to walking. Mean values in the groups and relative deviations (increase/decrease) from reference values in a given age group were compared. Results: motor skill delay severity and predicting time for standing unaided to walking correlated with RI and Vm. RI was a diagnostically valuable parameter whose reference values differed from motor skill delay severity. Isolated increase in Vm and normal RI were reported in children with motor skill delay 1–3 months before standing unaided to walking. This type of blood circulation is a transitional one during clinical improvement in some children. Conclusions: a set of instrumental data allow for describing motor skill delay severity depending on RI deviations from normal values in the regions supplied by BA. The sequence of brain circulation parameter changes is in line with the clinical course, e.g., RI normalization and further gradual recovery of blood flow velocity. KEYWORDS: movement disorders, motor skill delay, Transcranial Doppler ultrasound, basilar artery, resistivity index RI, mean blood flow velocity Vm. FOR CITATION: Pugolovkin K.A., Efimova E.A., Dombrovskaya E.A. et al. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is a diagnostic and predicting tool for movement disorders in children after hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):254–259 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-254-259.
Congenital tracheal stenosis: case report
Authors:   I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Gol’tsman E.V. , Kuchma O.A. ,   I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Bondarenko E.N. ,   I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Maiseenko D.A. ,   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The rate of congenital malformations of the larynx is challenging to assess. This is probably accounted for by the fact that these diseases occur more commonly than they are diagnosed. This paper describes a case report of congenital laryngeal stenosis, which was a diagnosis of exclusion since this congenital malformation is very rare in neonatal and pediatric practice. After a preliminary diagnosis in the maternity hospital, a newborn was transferred to Krasnoyarsk’s large pediatric hospital for examinations and treatment. Clinical diagnosis was verified by laryngotracheoscopy and CT scan of the larynx and trachea. The newborn’s condition was severe for 28 days. He stayed in the intensive care unit and was on a ventilator and oxygen. Tracheal intubation followed by extubation (performed three times) has no effect due to the increase in respiratory failure. Newborn’s condition improved only after palliative tracheostomy. The child was discharged in satisfactory condition with recommendations on tracheostoma care. Management decision on the surgical technique to address this malformation will be taken later. KEYWORDS: primary congenital tracheal stenosis, children, clinical presentations, diagnosis. FOR CITATION: Gol’tsman E.V., Kuchma O.A., Bondarenko E.N., Maiseenko D.A. Congenital tracheal stenosis: case report. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):298–301 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-298-301.
Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in a child. Case report
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Karpovich G.S. ,   Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 3, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Kuimova I.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Krasnova E.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Maramygin D.S. ,   Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 3, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Enikeev A.Yu. ,   Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 3, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a complex of symptoms that includes fever, exanthem, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and hypotension. The most common causative agents are S. aureus and group A Streptococcus. TSS is characterized by severe course and high mortality in the lack of specific complex treatment. This article addresses a case report of staphylococcal TSS in a 5-year-old girl. The primary focus of infection (infected right leg wound) and breakthrough factors (the lack of adequate wound care) resulted in the dissemination of causative agent and TSS development. Despite disease severity, early complex etiological (antibiotics) and pathogenically-oriented (infusions, corticosteroids) treatment improved the patient’s condition and promoted recovery. This case report illustrating the classic presentations of staphylococcal TSS in children is helpful for pediatricians in terms of awareness of this pathological condition. KEYWORDS: infectious diseases, staphylococcus aureus, toxic shock syndrome, cytokine storm, multiple organ failure syndrome, pediatrics. FOR CITATION: Karpovich G.S., Kuimova I.V., Krasnova E.I. et al. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in a child. Case report. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):302–307 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-302-307.
Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning
Authors: March James G.
Published: October 2021

- This paper considers the relation between the exploration of new possibilities and the exploitation of old certainties in organizational learning. It examines some complications in allocating resources between the two, particularly those introduced by the distribution of costs and benefits across time and space, and the effects of ecological interaction. Two general situations involving the development and use of knowledge in organizations are modeled. The first is the case of mutual learning between members of an organization and an organizational code. The .second is the case of learning and competitive advantage in competition for primacy. The paper develops an argument that adaptive processes, by refining exploitation more rapidly than exploration, are likely to become effective in the short run but self-destructive in the long run. The possibility that certain common organizational practices ameliorate that tendency is assessed.
The disaggregation of corporations: Selective intervention, high powered incentives and molecular units
Authors: Zenger Todd R. , Hesterly William S.
Published: October 2021

- A vast array of organizational innovations and changes are transforming US corporations. Large firms have dramatically downsized, refocused, and vertically disaggregated. They increasingly obtain goods and services, pursue complex development efforts, and exploit horizontal synergies without the aid of formal hierarchy. Large firms are also internally disaggregating into smaller, more autonomous units that are treated much like external subcontractors. The authors argue that these organizational innovations share an important underlying commonalty: economic activity is converging toward exchange involving either internal (within-firm) or external (between-firm) networks of small, autonomous production or service units. Small units and small firms have become the basic building block, the molecular units, of these new forms. Further, exchange among the small, autonomous units is commonly a mix of both market-like and hierarchical features. The authors develop a theoretical explanation for these trends. They argue that disaggregation is motivated by the powerful performance incentives that accompany small size. They further argue that disaggregation is facilitated hy recent innovations in information technology, organizational design, and performance measurement that permit the selective intervention of market elements in hierarchy and hierarchical elements in markets. The enhanced ability to intervene selectively necessitates a rethinking of traditional assumptions about the discreteness of governance choices. Innovations in organization, measurement, and technology shift decisions about optimal governance from simple market versus hierarchy choices to choices of an optimal mix of hierarchical and market elements. Consequently, managers and scholars must increasingly view organizations as complex webs of governance arrangements rather than as entities with definable boundaries.
Priorità locali di adattamento ai cambiamenti climatici: un metodo di screening
Authors: Scolozzi Rocco , Geneletti Davide
Published: October 2021

La capacità adattativa ai cambiamenti climatici implica la capacità di modificare sistemi ecologici, sociali o economici per ridurre i potenziali danni o aumentare i benefici. Il contributo mostra una procedura sperimentale che, in accordo con le linee guida della Strategia Nazionale di Adattamento ai Cambiamenti Climatici, integra aspetti di governance anticipativa e supporta la definizione di priorità per possibili misure di adattamento locale. L'approccio, scalabile e adattabile, è testato sui comuni della Provincia Autonoma di Trento e consiste delle seguenti fasi: identificazione delle incertezze climatiche locali, dei settori sensibili e delle possibili misure di adattamento, valutazione della rilevanza e capacità locali di realizzarle, identificazione delle priorità di supporto.
Priority in post-earthquake intervention
Authors: Bedini Maria Angela , Bronzini Fabio
Published: October 2021

The paper first examines the three components that summarize the fundamental structure of seismic risk: hazard, exposure, vulnerability (and urban vulnerability). Based on the three components considered, the study highlights the positive elements and strategic errors committed and to explains the paradigm shift necessary to overcome the prevailing focus of interventions on the installation of new temporary wooden houses. With reference to the negative and positive aspects found in experiences, the aim of the study is the proposal of improvement solutions and new rules to guide the post-earthquake phase. The research findings identify the need to plan the postearthquake phase in advance and to consider it a priority over the emergency phase.
Piani comunali di protezione civile: origini, sviluppo e nuove azioni di pianificazione territoriale (parte II)
Authors: Bignami Daniele F. , Menduni Giovanni
Published: October 2021

La normativa degli ultimi venti anni dà ai piani comunali di protezione civile un valore crescente tra le attività di pianificazione del territorio, ma i relativi caratteri specifici stentano ad affermarsi tra gli addetti. Questo contributo, nella sua prima parte (pubblicata sul n. 95), ha restituito il percorso, dalla genesi a oggi, della pianificazione di protezione civile nel nostro paese, ricostruendone l'evoluzione tra norme e indirizzi. L'esito culminato nel D.Lgs. 1/2018 definisce i ruoli di sindaci, strutture amministrative comunali, regioni, volontariato e prefetture. Questa seconda parte espone il nuovo ruolo del piano di protezione civile comunale nel quadro del ‘Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction' e offre spunti per la cruciale direttiva nazionale sulla pianificazione di protezione civile in fase di stesura.
Intervention follows diagnosis: analysis' impact on open space regeneration in mass housing estates
Authors: García-Pérez Sergio , Monclús Javier , Díez Medina Carmen
Published: October 2021

Diagnosis and design are part of the same process. This statement is particularly true for urban regeneration efforts, in which the way that complex obsolescence processes are understood implies a particular design method. In the specific case of the regeneration of mass housing estates, most experiences are approached from the building perspective. Even though open spaces are central to ensuring a high degree of urban quality, urban regeneration projects often fail to recognise the problems and opportunities relating to their layout. The aim of this paper is to discuss the relevance of incorporating pertinent open space diagnoses into integrated urban regeneration efforts in mass housing estates. To this end, the paper explores in depth three different experiences of urban regeneration in Spain.
Occupational Health and Safety For Sign Language Interpreters
Authors: Woodcock Kathryn , Fischer Steven L.
Published: October 2021

"This Guide is intended for working interpreters, interpreting students and educators, and those who employ or purchase the services of interpreters. Occupational health education is essential for professionals in training, to avoid early attrition from practice. "Sign language interpreting" is considered to include interpretation between American Sign Language (ASL) and English, other spoken languages and corresponding sign languages, and between sign languages (e.g., Deaf Interpreters). Some of the occupational health issues may also apply equally to Communication Access Realtime Translation (CART) reporters, oral interpreters, and intervenors. The reader is encouraged to make as much use as possible of the information provided here". -- Introduction.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Pada Motif Kain Buna Masyarakat Insana Tengah
Authors: Natun Aurelya Y. Haki , Mamoh Oktovianus , Amsikan Stanislaus
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi yang bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konsep-konsep matematika yang ada pada kain tenun motif buna. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Letmafo, Kecamatan Insana Tengah, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara pada bulan Februari 2021. Subjek penelitian adalah informan dan objek penelitian adalah kain tenun motif buna. Instrumen penelitian berupa human instrument, pedoman observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: ditemukan konsep-konsep matematika seperti konsep geometri  (bangun datar). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa matematika tumbuh dan berkembang dalam aktivitas masyarakat tertentu yang disebut dengan etnomatematika.
Социальная и экономическая инфраструктура в контексте регионального развития в Российской Федерации
Authors: Серкова Алла Евгеньевна
Published: October 2021

Настоящая монография посвящена проблемам различия в обеспеченности элементами социальной и экономической инфраструктуры в регионах Российской Федерации. Рассматривается опыт российских и зарубежных авторов в подходах к трактовке определения «инфраструктура», а также анализируются методы исследования и оценки социальной и экономической инфраструктуры. Предпринята попытка выявить элементы социальной и экономической инфраструктуры, являющиеся источниками экономического роста регионов России. Работа выполнена в соответствии с планом НИР Института экономики УрО РАН
DEVIATIONS AGAINST AWIG-AWIG AS WRITTEN CUSTOMARY LAW IN BALINESE COMMUNITIES
Authors: Purwanto Aldira Mara Ditta Caesar
Published: October 2021

The application of awig-awig as written customary law which is still used and obeyed by the Balinese people, of course this does not rule out the possibility of deviation. Deviations or violations committed by the Balinese people are generally resolved according to the rules written in awig-awig. The research methodology carried out in this study begins with the identification of a variety of literature related to customary law in terms of problems that occur and challenges that must be faced by the community. Then arranged to come up with the right problem formulation which later can be comprehensively reviewed through field studies and direct observations especially related to the problem taken in this research namely the deviation from the application of awig-awig as written customary law. The results obtained in this study aim to determine the deviations that occur in the Balinese community and how the Balinese community to resolve them.

Keywords: Deviations, Awig-Awig, Customary Law, Balinese People
Legal Position of Awig –Awig in the National Legal System as a Source of Law (Written Customary Law)
Authors: Kartika Adhitya Widya , Yulianingsih Wiwin , Indawati Yana
Published: October 2021

Village is the smallest part of the state structure. A number of villages in Indonesia have distinctive features which contain traditional elements. One of the elements of this custom is customary law. In the community of Pakraman Bali Village, there are indigenous people in which customary law applies. This customary law is stated in awig-awig. If we look at the discussion then it is related to the legal structure, of course there is a connection related to that part of the legal system. The legal system in a state can be referred to as a national legal system in which the national legal system has parts or elements that each function and have a relationship, namely between one part and another. Likewise, there are laws that are part of the customary law community where the customary law community is part of the village which is an institution in the state structure. This then becomes an issue of how the position of awig-awig is in the national legal system. This research was conducted through an analysis of legal facts and legal doctrine, namely the theoretical and statutory approaches. This article is the result of research funded by the university, so it is the outcome product of this research. The discussion in this analysis shows that awig-awig is written customary law, while what is generally understood so far is the unwritten law. In addition, the position in national law is recognized because it is the right of the customary law communities in Bali (adat in Pakraman Village, Bali). In addition, of course, awig-awig can be used as a source of material law, which is a social conception that exists in society, some of which are still applicable and some need conformity.
Legal Compliance In Realizing The Attitude Of Defending The State For College Student Upn Veteran East Java
Authors: Indawati Yana , Yulianingsih Wiwin
Published: October 2021

This Research aim to find the connection between legal awareness UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur Collegestudent with state defense attitude. Legal awareness is awareness or values contained in man about theexisting law or about laws that are expected to exist. Actually, what is emphasized is the values regardingthe function of the law and not a legal assessment of it concrete events in the community concerned. Legalawareness is very important in measuring the level of state defense attitudes. There are several indicatorsof the problem of legal awareness, namely Knowledge of legal regulations (law awareness); Knowledge ofthe contents of legal regulations (law acquaintance); Attitude towards legal regulations (legal attitude);Legal behavior patterns (legal behaviour). All indicators are related to campus regulations. Legalawareness, especially regarding student compliance in obeying the rules set by the campus. the higher thelevel of violation of campus discipline, the greater the reduction of student defending attitudes. Themethod used in this study begins with identification from various literatures related to the legal awarenessculture of students towards university regulations and policies in terms of the problems that occur and thechallenges that must be faced by the university. Then arranged in such a way as to bring up the rightproblem formulation which later can be comprehensively reviewed through field studies and directobservation, especially related to the problems taken in this study, namely the application of campusregulations to realize the attitude of defending the State in students. The research results in this study areexpected to be able to contribute to the university and the development of students who are expected tohave a spirit and attitude to defend the country.
Social Safety Network (JPS) Policy To Communities Affected By Covid-19 Pandemic In Batang District, Central Java
Authors: Nashruddin Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Abstract                                                                             

Since the announcement that COVID-19 is a government, it has made several efforts to reduce the massive expansion of COVID-19. The implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), as well as adaptation to new habits or new normal has been instructed by the government for the community. However, these efforts have still not been able to show success in efforts to suppress the development of the spread of the corona virus in Indonesia. The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has led to a socio-economic crisis whose impact can be felt by all levels of society, especially the 40% of people with low levels of welfare. national disaster, the spread of this virus in Indonesia has not shown a decline. Therefore, in crisis management, the government implements the Social Safety Network (JPS) program to encourage economic growth in times of crisis. Long before the COVID-19 outbreak, the Social Safety Net (JPS) program was an important component of the economic crisis that hit Indonesia in 1998. The JPS program was part of a government microeconomic policy in facing the economic crisis.

Keywords: JPS, Government Programs, Covid-19
The Role of Police Investigators in Treating Criminal Actions of Corruption
Authors: Kurniawan Respati
Published: October 2021

Abstract                                                                             

To further ensure the implementation of a corruption-free government, Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes, as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes, is in lieu of Law Number 3 of 1971. The birth of the law -this law is expected to accelerate the growth of people's welfare, with a countermeasure against the evil nature inherent in corruption. The author uses an empirical juridical approach, which is an approach that is carried out by studying the law in fact in the form of attitudes, judgments, behaviors, which are related to the problems being studied and which are carried out by conducting research in the field. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the investigation activity is a follow-up to the investigation which has more or less found the construction of criminal corruption incidents that have occurred. Constraints faced with the authority of police investigators are the limited number of Criminal Investigators; information received regarding criminal acts of corruption is still unclear and in detail; operational costs that have not met; lack of public legal awareness. Efforts to overcome the obstacles faced include gradually increasing the number of criminal investigators; accelerate all access so that information related to criminal acts of corruption is quickly absorbed by police investigators; the government needs to increase the budget post for operational costs, in order to facilitate the running of investigative activities; and the need to provide outreach to the public either directly or through electronic media or social media.

Keywords: Investigators, Crime, Corruption