bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DHUL-QARNAYN: THE CONQUEROR OF THE WORLD, HIS REALITY AND HIS WORKS ACCORDING TO THE PEOPLE OF INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY AND IN THE ARAB LITERARY HERITAGE
Authors: RABAYA Marwan Mustafa
Published: July 2021

This study addresses the search in an effective and influential historical figures in human nodal, and moral and cultural, and was a prominent and dangerous in world history to attend, and in the three monotheistic religions, is heavenly, which is of centuries, or Alexander the Great of Macedonia, or other, with accounts of various, It is a personal aroused controversy and controversy around it, between historians and commentators, and even the writers of the Arabs, ancient and modern, and appeared for him studies, and numerous articles and scientific books, tried their authors, and worked hard to reach a determined, find out his name, and the reason for his title, and his time, came the study to reveal the depth of the crisis In recording and investigating, with the Arabs and Muslims, in the past and the modern, and to show the extent to which these classifiers deviate from the true goal of the Quran and the Qur’an, and the Holy Qur’an. Q, implanting belief in the souls.
APPROVING OR MORTIFYING ONLINE AND CITIZEN JOURNALISM BY MAINSTREAM JOURNALISTS: A CASE FOR CREDIBILITY TRANSFER HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Ikegbunam Peter Chierike , Agudosy Fabian Ikechukwu
Published: July 2021

The relationship between online and mainstream journalism, over the years, has been critically reviewed negatively by practising journalists. Among the mainstream practising journalists, online and citizen journalism are peddlers of uncensored and junk contents. This study, though a review of reported events, looked at the relationship between mainstream and online contents. The purpose of the study is to verify whether the mainstream media mortify or certify online journalism. This study adopted the critical discourse analysis in reviewing what was reported in both mainstream and online media. The study, which made a case for the credibility transfer hypothesis, revealed that rather than spread junk contents, the online press helps the mainstream media in explaining to the world what is happening around them. Drawing from the outcome of the study, it was found that the online media and citizen journalists break the news while the mainstream media follow suit with few additional contents that give more insight into the stories of the moment. The study concluded that rather than mortify the contents of online media, the mainstream media transfer credibility to it by drawing their publications from the online materials. The study, therefore dismissed allegations from mainstream journalists against online and citizen journalists that they spread junks. It was recommended that the mainstream media journalists and media experts should desist from making some derogatory remarks about online media contents but rather, incorporate online and citizen journalisms’ contents in their mainstream reports for adequate and on-the-event coverage of issues
IMPACT OF NIGERIA SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS ON THEIR FOLLOWERS IN ONLINE COMMUNITY
Authors: Olaojo Olatilewa
Published: July 2021

The main aim of this research was to investigate the Nigerian influencers and their influence on their followers in an online community – Twitter. The study adopted a mixed method comprising of online social media followers and a content analysis of influencers’ posts across three themes of interest: marketing, political and advocacy. The specific objectives of the study were to: (i) determine whether influencers with high personality attributes exert more significant influence on their followers than those with low personality traits; (ii) determine whether influencers with high personality traits and social characteristics have more significant reliability and thus exert greater influence on their followers than those with lower personality traits, social attributes and lower credibility; (iii) examine if there is a significant relationship between influencers’ communication ability and the impact they have on their followers; and (iv) examine the difference between the level of impact that political influencers have on their followers than marketing influencers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 significance. The findings of the study were that: (i) the frequently used communication strategy employed by the influencers is informative (6, 42.9%) to influence their followers; (ii) personality attributes of all categories of influencers had a significant effect on the extent of influence their online activities exert on their followers; and there was no significant difference between the level of impact political influencers had on their followers compared to what marketing influencers had on theirs. The study therefore recommended that media literacy among youths should be enhanced to increase their capacity for following influencers reasonably.
INFLUENCE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE AND AUTHORITY FIGURES IN BROADCAST OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC MESSAGES AMONG RURAL DWELLERS IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA
Authors: Ude-Akpeh Chinelo Edith , Onyima Tony , Ginikachukwu Alpha Chukwuemeka
Published: July 2021

This paper examined the influence of the use of indigenous language and authority figures in the broadcast of COVID-19 messages among rural dwellers in South East Nigeria. This is against the backdrop of the failure of rural dwellers to pay attention and understand the COVID-19 pandemic messages which were disseminated in English language, and as such were not complying to the precautionary measures. The research was a descriptive survey. Five objectives guided the study which used the focus group discussion as the medium of data collection. The population was all rural dwellers in the five south-eastern states of Nigeria. The sample was 200 participants randomly selected from the five rural communities near the state capitals (Abakaliki- Nwofe; Awka- Achalla; Enugu- Ugwuaji; Owerri- Nworieubi and Umuahia). The Limited Effects theory formed the theoretical underpinning for the study. Data were analyzed through thematic transcription of the responses of the participants during the focus group discussion. Results obtained show that most rural dwellers do not have access to social media platforms. Also, rural dwellers get their information basically from markets, churches, and towns meetings. It was gathered that use of indigenous language and leaders of thought provided the needed understanding, reach and conviction of the rural dwellers on the reality of the COVID-19 pandemic.  The study concludes therefore that the use of indigenous language and authority figures are useful in helping rural dwellers in the South East zone to understand and comply with the COVID-19 pandemic messages and precautionary measures. Sequel to the findings, the study recommends that the ministries of Information should adopt the use of opinion leaders in disseminating such vital information. Also there is need for all communities to translate vital and sensitive information in local dialects to enable easy understanding and compliance especially by rural dwellers.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND BRIDGING OF COVID-19 INFORMATION GAP AMONG STUDENTS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, OKO
Authors: Uwakwe Onyeka
Published: July 2021

This is a survey study. The researcher uses a sample of 112 students to x-ray the impact of new media in dissemination information on COVID-19 pandemic.  The study submits that WhatsAPP, Facebook and Opera news are rendering front line media services. Based on this, therefore, the paper reveals that new media have been potent at the awareness level. The paper also notes some differentials (gap) among the students in terms of level of awareness of COVID-19 pandemic terminology. This aspect of the result is hypothetically explained in the level of new media dependency, literacy level and income. The paper reinforces the role of the media in national development. The paper consequently recommends that governments and change agents take advantage of the possibilities inherent in the new media in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic.
USE OF RADIO AS A TOOL OF LEARNING IN CRISIS PERIOD
Authors: Okeke Adaobi Olivia , Nwosu Julius Chibuike , Ono Gloria Nneka
Published: July 2021

Radio has remained a powerful medium of communication and this is due to the fact that its message contents can be received at distant places as a result of its wide coverage and its ubiquitous nature. It has the ability to reach large audiences because it is relatively cheap and can function without electricity. Therefore, it is regarded as the most accessible tool of technology used for information dissemination. Studies have found out that radio is the most popular broadcast medium used for teaching in times of crisis all over the world. This is due to the fact that it is relatively cheap and can be easily accessible. Unfortunately, little attention is being given to radio as a tool that can enhance education especially in crisis period. An instance is the COVID-19 pandemic that has shut down the academic walls in Nigeria and elsewhere around the globe. Against the foregoing, this paper sought to conceptually look at the power of radio broadcasting as a platform that will not only provide a new way of teaching, but make available effective tool that will augment class room teaching during and after the ravaging Corona virus pandemic. The paper highlighted the role radio could play as well as the benefits of radio as a tool for educational learning in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic effects on education could have a lasting impact on the trajectory of education in Nigeria if not tackled with the utmost urgency it deserves.
Estrategias de política y seguridad para la conservación de recursos geoestratégicos (caso Amazonia)
Authors: Carrillo Johnathan David , López Christian David
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo de investigación, detalla la estrategia de la República Federativa de Brasil para priorizar la región amazónica desde un predominio hegemónico y con posibles escenarios de inquietud para Colombia.   Para ello, desde un estudio historiográfico se muestra la política exterior y la importancia estratégica que Brasil tiene sobre la amazonia para controlar (su diversidad biológica, sus proyectos de desarrollo), y disuadir la intrusión, penetración o maniobra de una fuerza armada extranjera simétrica o asimétricas en su territorio, con el fin de identificar la postura que ha tenido Colombia frente a escenarios de tensión, que se desprende de la incapacidad por asegurar la soberanía ambiental de la amazonia en el territorio y su conflicto interno.  De esta manera, “al asociar el concepto de soberanía con la región amazónica, nos lleva a considerar la soberanía ambiental como un elemento que se va a insertar con mayor protagonismo en las estrategias de defensa” (Delgado, 2011).
La transformación del Ejército y el conflicto en Nicaragua
Authors: Cortés Rodríguez Gerson Fabián , De La Hoz Gasca Nini Johanna , Valencia Delgado Lorena
Published: July 2021

Se analiza la transformación del Ejército en Nicaragua desde la contextualización del conflicto en este país, a partir del golpe de Estado contra la dictadura de los Somoza, la desarticulación de la Guardia Nacional y el establecimiento del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional en el poder.  Con base en lo anterior, se detalla el proceso de creación del Ejército Popular Sandinista y la conformación de estructuras militares para combatir los ataques de las fuerzas contrarrevolucionarias, conocidas como “Los Contras”.  Asimismo, se hace una consideración sobre los Acuerdos de Esquipulas que dieron, como resultado, la democratización de Nicaragua y la desmovilización de los contrarrevolucionarios.  Finalmente, se evalúa el papel de las Fuerzas Armadas y las instituciones en el postconflicto, que conllevaron a la situación actual del país, todo esto por medio de un método de estudio de caso con consulta de fuentes secundarias especializadas.
El papel del sector privado empresarial en la reintegración de las FARC-EP
Authors: Arrieta Ceballos Lina Camila , Rodríguez Cardozo Dalia Milena
Published: July 2021

En este artículo analizaremos como se ha involucrado el sector privado empresarial en el marco del proceso de paz entre el gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos y la guerrilla FARC-EP.  Se expone la importancia fundamental de este sector como un actor clave en la construcción de paz, sus motivaciones sociales para que el proceso logre tener mayor fortaleza y pueda ser posible; asimismo cómo este sector ha aportado en temas como: inserción laboral, aportes económicos y labores sociales; examinaremos cuáles son sus intereses y en qué ámbitos económicos y sociales participan activamente.  Se continua con el desarrollo del porque y de qué manera se ven implicados en los aspectos más importantes del proceso de paz.
Editorial Revista Científica Perspectivas en Inteligencia
Authors: Porras Plata Luis Alexander
Published: July 2021

La Revista Perspectivas en Inteligencia se ha convertido en un gran reto para la Escuela de Inteligencia y Contrainteligencia “BG. Ricardo Charry Solano”; es por eso que, cada vez que se inicia el proceso de construcción de un nuevo número, es motivo de preocupación lograr cumplir este nuevo derrotero, ya que en el concierto académico se hace cada día más complejo poder recopilar el material necesario para la estructuración de cada nuevo número de una revista.
Demonstration of Drawing by Robotic Arm using RoboDK and C#
Authors: Chakraborty Sudip , Aithal P. S.
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Robots are transforming the world, and soon they will take part or assist in our all-daily life activities. There are several fields where robots are already doing well, like Surgery, painting, industrial automation, autonomous navigation, engraving, 3D printing, and many more. The robot is nothing but consists of some mechanical movement driven by functions and algorithms. To get the perfect result, the algorithm working behind the scene also needs to be perfect. In all the above fields, need to reach the end effector at the exact position. That is why we need serious research on it. Otherwise, it will remain a plaything, cannot be engaged in an important role. Before implementing it into an actual application, we need to test in a simulated environment, especially when writing new methods. The simulation environment is the safest place where anything that goes wrong cannot damage a physical entity. So, the robot researcher prefers the simulator. The RoboDK is one of the famous robot simulators. Its interface is excellent and easy to test any commercial robot inside the IDE. In our research will see how to keep marking the end-effector position using the graphical method. When our end-effector moves, it holds a footprint to inspect later. This one is a minimalistic approach. Through the simplified drawing method, we can observe arm movement. This demonstration will use an optimized version of C# API, which RoboDK provides.
Design/Methodology/Approach: In RoboDK IDE, we can create a new station or import existing built-in available stations. Our application drives the simulator robot. It is developed in C# language using Microsoft visual studio 2019 community edition. Both applications communicate through socket communication. Pressing the mouse's left click, when we move the mouse, it calculates the mouse pointer position and maps the value based on the robot drawing area. Then the values are sent to the simulated robot. Fetching the value, RoboDK moves into the desired position.
Findings/result: Using our research works, the researcher can get some references to enhance their research work. We keep our code as simple as possible to be understood quickly and easily integrate into their research work.
Originality/Value: We search the research work on RoboDK and C# language. Most of the documents are available in the python language, even in little bit documents present in the RoboDK example collection. So, we decided to migrate from python to our native language, C#. That is why this research work. After lots of hard work, we achieved it. If anyone wants to research RoboDK using C# API, it can reference their research work.
Paper Type: Simulation-based Research.
Real-Time Prediction of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Thailand using Simple Model-Free Method and Time Series Regression Model
Authors: WONGSATHAN Rati
Published: July 2021

The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was declared a global health crisis. The real-time accurate and predictive model of the number of infected cases could help inform the government of providing medical assistance and public health decision-making. This work is to model the ongoing COVID-19 spread in Thailand during the 1st and 2nd phases of the pandemic using the simple but powerful method based on the model-free and time series regression models. By employing the curve fitting, the model-free method using the logistic function, hyperbolic tangent function, and Gaussian function was applied to predict the number of newly infected patients and accumulate the total number of cases, including peak and viral cessation (ending) date. Alternatively, with a significant time-lag of historical data input, the regression model predicts those parameters from 1-day-ahead to 1-month-ahead. To obtain optimal prediction models, the parameters of the model-free method are fine-tuned through the genetic algorithm, whereas the generalized least squares update the parameters of the regression model. Assuming the future trend continues to follow the past pattern, the expected total number of patients is approximately 2,689 - 3,000 cases. The estimated viral cessation dates are May 2, 2020 (using Gaussian function), May 4, 2020 (using a hyperbolic function), and June 5, 2020 (using a logistic function), whereas the peak time occurred on April 5, 2020. Moreover, the model-free method performs well for long-term prediction, whereas the regression model is suitable for short-term prediction. Furthermore, the performances of the regression models yield a highly accurate forecast with lower RMSE and higher R2 up to 1-week-ahead.
HIGHLIGHTS

COVID-19 model for Thailand during the first and second phases of the epidemic
The model-free method using the logistic function, hyperbolic tangent function, and Gaussian function  applied to predict the basic measures of the outbreak
Regression model predicts those measures from one-day-ahead to one-month-ahead
The parameters of the model-free method are fine-tuned through the genetic algorithm 

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Simulations of High Non-Uniform Electric Field in Dielectric Barrier Electrode System
Authors: CHANKUSON Pitchasak , NISOA Mudtorlep
Published: July 2021

An electric field in the dielectric barrier electrode system is necessary for ozone production because ozone is produced by the electric discharge of O2 under a high-intensity electric field. The gas discharge plasmas contain energetic particles, such as electrons, ions, atoms, and radicals. The recombination of the O atom and O2 in the plasma will form O3. In this paper, the dependence of DC electric field formation on electrode geometry and the gap between electrodes and dielectric materials were examined by using computational modeling. Thus, a set of electrode geometry, gap distance, and dielectric material were obtained for high-intensity and uniform electric field generation. The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for the modeling. Among the electrode geometries of plate-plate, pin-plate and mesh-plate, the mesh-plate generated high-intensity and uniform electric field. In the modeling, dielectric materials, including quartz, mica, alumina, and water, were compared. The highest intensity of electric field occurred on the water surface.
HIGHLIGHTS

When the gap distance between two parallel electrodes is less than 100 mm, the electric field in the gap is constant, independent of the space
A high-intensity and uniform electric field is generated in the gap between the dielectric and grounded electrodes when a fine mesh high-voltage electrode is utilized
With the fine mesh electrode, the electric field is about two times higher than the conventional plate electrodes, whereas the electric field uniformity was about 90 %. Therefore the barrier discharge will be initiated with lower high voltage

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Enrichment a Study of Structural, Optical and Dielectric Properties of Mowiol 4-88 (Pva) Filled Zno Nanocomposites
Authors: JAMBALADINNI Sahebagouda , BHAT Jeddu Sadashiva
Published: July 2021

The use of ZnO nanoparticles in the fabrication of PVA (Mowiol 4-88) nanocomposites with different ‘x’ filling compositions through solvent casting technique leading to the enrichment of the host's physical properties is presented. The sol-gel approach synthesizes Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. The formation of ZnO nanoparticles of size 100 nm was confirmed through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) techniques. The XRD technique determines the appearance of nanocomposites and their structural properties. The improvement in filling concentration enhances the particle size up to 150 nm and percentage crystallinity by 41 % for optimum filler composition. The FTIR spectra demonstrate ZnO nanofillers' binding with OH group of host Mowiol 4-88 through intra or inter hydrogen bonding leading to a complex conformation. The optical studies indicate a decrease in the energy gap with the rise in filler composition up to 15 wt%, and frequency-dependent dielectric constant characterization shows the enhancement in the dielectric constant with an optimum filling concentration 15 wt% ZnO nanofillers. FESEM image confirms homogenous distribution and complex particle size of incorporated ZnO nanoparticles in the PVA matrix.
HIGHLIGHTS

ZnO nanoparticles with Fabrication of PVA (Mowiol 4-88) nanocomposites through solvent casting technique
ZnO nanoparticles of size 100 nm was confirmed
Filling concentration enhances the particle size and percentage crystallinity
SEM and EDS illustrate ZnO nanofiller’s systematic distribution
Dielectric measurements show that these fabricated polymeric composites are polar

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Indagaciones formales en la arquitectura califal cordobesa a propósito de un enigmático dibujo de 1727
Authors: García Ortega Antonio Jesús
Published: July 2021

La síntesis de las formas califales andalusíes aún suscita interés, sorprendiéndonos la sofisticación de algunas formalizaciones, a la vez que nos interrogamos por los referentes de los que pudieron nutrirse. La necesidad de interpretar el tardío dibujo de una mezquita reconvertida en Córdoba, posiblemente del raro tipo de “nueve bóvedas”, así como de datar el primitivo edificio islámico, ha llevado a profundizar en la problemática planteada. Serán de interés el origen, uso y cronología de significativos expedientes formales que parecen grafiarse en el plano, algunos con sospechosas analogías con los utilizados en la ampliación de la aljama cordobesa por el califa omeya al-Hakam II, y otros que apuntan a la recepción y creativa adaptación de soluciones de la antigua Ifrīqiya.
Solving Multi-Objective Linear Programming Problems with Fuzzy Interval Based on Decomposition Method
Authors:   Department of Operations Research, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt., Solomon Mohamed , Saied Abd-Alla Mohamed ,   Department of Operations Research, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Published: July 2021

Most of the problems in real-world situations have a multi-objective, in these situations, available information in the system is not exact or imprecise. In this paper, solving multi-objective linear programming problems with fuzzy non-negative intervals such as objective function coefficients, technical coefficients, and fuzzy variables by using an approximation but a convenient method called decomposition method has been proposed. In the composition method, ranking functions are not used. With the help of numerical examples, the method is illustrated.
Seasonal Heavy Rain Forecasting Method
Authors: KIM Jaekwang
Published: July 2021

In this study, we study the technique for predicting heavy / non-rain rainfall after 6 hours from the present using the values of the weather attributes. Through this study, we investigated whether each attribute value is influenced by a specific pattern of weather maps representing heavy and non-heavy rains or seasonally when making heavy / non-heavy forecasts. For the experiment, a 20-year cumulative weather map was learned with Support Vector Machine (SVM) and tested using a set of correct answers for heavy rain and heavy rain. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the heavy rain prediction of SVM showed an accuracy rate of up to 70%, and that it was seasonal variation rather than a specific pattern that influenced the prediction.
A Development Framework for a Conversational Agent to Explore Machine Learning Concepts
Authors: Kok Arslan Ayse
Published: July 2021

This study aims to introduce a discussion platform and curriculum designed to help people understand how machines learn. Research shows how to train an agent through dialogue and understand how information is represented using visualization. This paper starts by providing a comprehensive definition of AI literacy based on existing research and integrates a wide range of different subject documents into a set of key AI literacy skills to develop a user-centered AI. This functionality and structural considerations are organized into a conceptual framework based on the literature. Contributions to this paper can be used to initiate discussion and guide future research on AI learning within the computer science community.
A “Bird’s Eye View” on Communication Acts in a Classroom of Low Literacy Adults
Authors: Luís Carlos , Afonso Helena , José Marcelino Maria
Published: July 2021

This paper starts by discussing the relevance of dialogues in Adult Education and Training courses with low levels of literacy. In this group, the educational challenges are complex, and innovating the knowledge creation process involves a better understanding of the teaching/learning process. With these case study, we pretend to understand which Communicative Acts are effective in adult learning process, mainly in adults with low literacy. Based on a mixed methods, applied to a convenience sample, we used an ethnographic approach, and the Grounded Theory Methodology. Using the Contextual Design approach, we developed several models of the context (work models) and got a bird's-eye view of the way the communicational acts and the dynamic acts flow in the classroom. The results showed that it was important to integrate the learners' emotions in an existing framework, the SEDA Framework. We found also essential to expand the Communicative Acts coding, with a new set of 17 codes organized in 3 categories in order to understand better the flow of communication in the classroom.
Optimal Pressure Management for Large-Scale Water Distribution Systems Using Smoothing Model
Authors:   Thuyloi University, Pham Duc Dai
Published: July 2021

Optimal pressure management in water distribution systems (WDSs) is one of the most efficient approaches to control water leakage for water utilities worldwide. The optimal pressure management can be accomplished through regulating operations of pressure reducing valves (PRVs) to ensure that the excessive pressure in the WDS is minimized. This engineering task can be casted into a nonlinear program problem (NLP) with non-smooth constraints. Until now, the non-smooth constraints have been approximated by the smoothing function of Chen Harker-Kanzow-Smale (CHKS). In this paper, instead of using the CHKS function, we propose to apply the uniform smoothing function for formulation of the NLP. Numerical simulations using two smoothing functions will be carried out for optimal pressure managements of a benchmark WDS and a real-world WDS in Thainguyen City, in Vietnam. The comparison results reveal that the NLP formulated with the uniform smoothing function outperforms the existing NLP formulated with the CHKS in terms of optimal solution accuracy.
Design of a High-Efficiency GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistor Microwave Power Amplifier
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Luong Duy Manh , Nguyen Huy Hoang
Published: July 2021

This study presents a design procedure to obtain high-efficiency for microwave power amplifier. The designed amplifier uses a GaN high electron mobility transistor as an active device. Matching networks including input and output networks are realized using Megtron6 substrate microstrip lines. The designed amplifier operates at 2.1 GHz band. The simulated results show that the amplifier delivers a maximum power-added efficiency of 73.2% at output power and power gain of 47.8 dBm and 13.8 dB, respectively. This promising designed performance makes this amplifier to be an excellent candidate for use in modern wireless communication systems like radar, mobile network, and satellite communications.
Application of Convolution Neural Network in Design and Fabrication of Robots for Transporting Goods in Factories
Authors:   Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Nguyen Hoang Dung
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, the use of freight robots in factories will help people reduce their labor force and move into difficult and dangerous places more easily. Only smart robots will help people move equipment, goods to destinations that have been designed to own lanes in factories or remotely control these cargo robots to move following the demands of the controller. Goods will be delivered to the right place, helping to reduce labor costs for factories, increase productivity, thereby increasing the profits of businesses. Understanding the necessity of the design of transport robot and the development of artificial intelligence field along with the development of some types of embedded computers, the research team proposed a method to use convolutional neural networks deployed on the embedded computer platform to design a smart robot model to transport goods in the factory.
Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography for the detection and therapeutic monitoring of corneal disorders
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia Alejandro , Bustamante-Arias Andres , C. Hernandez-Camarena Julio
Published: July 2021

Background: Over recent years a revolutionary trend happened on imaging technologies to diagnose and monitor treatment of a varied group of ophthalmic pathologies. Recent reports have analyzed the microstructural changes of various ocular surface and corneal disorders, particularly ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) and keratoconus using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Aim of this short communication is to elaborate on clinical applications AS-OCT for the detection and therapeutic monitoring of corneal disorders.

Methods: We performed an English literature search without a time limit and intending to identify articles related to the AS-OCT applications in the detection and therapeutic monitoring of corneal disorders. The most relevant articles were selected.  practical points of selected papers and advantages and disadvantages of AS-OCT were retrieved from them and summarized.

Results:.Many records reported the AS-OCT applications for diagnosing many ocular surface disorders, the microstructural changes of different inflammatory, infectious, degenerative, and dystrophic corneal disorders. Its applications in identifying disease activity and therapeutic monitoring of various corneal pathologies, including stromal edema associated with angle-closure glaucoma, Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, infectious keratitis, and bullous keratopathy, are promising. The percentage of diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of artificial intelligence methodologies applied to AS-OCT imaging analysis today has reached 94% to 100%. Moreover, AS-OCT is very useful for analyzing the extension of scar and leukoma depth for surgical planning of partial or total corneal transplantation.

Conclusions: There is a clear prospect for expanding application of corneal OCT imaging technology, a rapid, non-invasive, and now a promising lower-cost device, which is becoming an in-office standard-of-care tool for the assessment of different corneal and ocular surface pathologies.

KEYWORDS

anterior-segment optical coherence tomography, AS-OCT, ocular surface disorders, corneal disorders, ocular surface squamous neoplasia, OSSN, keratoconus
No-till identification by crop residues on the soil surface using the multi-temporal integral index minNDTI
Authors:   ООО ", Saakian Alexander ,   БАЛАНС ПРОФИ"
Published: July 2021

The study analyzed the possibility of using the multi-temporal spectral index minNDTI to identify farms using no-till. Using the Google earth engine platform, satellite images of the Sentinel 2 system were obtained, processed and analyzed for two time periods. Based on the data obtained, NDTI images were constructed for periods of fieldwork, as well as multi-temporal minNDTI images. As a result of the statistical analysis, significant differences were found between the NDTI values of the samples from the plowing and no-till options for two time periods in which the field work was carried out and between the multi-time values for two years of research. Based on the dynamics of the values of the multi-temporal index minNDTI, a map of the probability of assigning fields to direct sowing was constructed. Ключевые слова: NO-TILL, CROP RESIDUES, GIS, REMOTE SENSING, SPECTRAL INDICES, NDTI
Canon minero, inversión pública y pobreza en la región la Libertad
Authors: De La Cruz Pairazamán Rodas Alejandro
Published: July 2021

Toda investigación científica pretende ampliar el conocimiento y tener un impacto sobre algo negativo presente en la sociedad; en este caso esta investigación estudia el efecto del canon minero percápita sobre el nivel de pobreza en la región La Libertad a nivel de sus doce provincias durante el período 2007-2016; el monto del canon proviene esencialmente de las actividades de las empresas mineras auríferas y de las empresas vinculadas a la extracción y procesamiento de productos de la minería no-metálica (piedra caliza principalmente).

Se determina la eficiencia en la ejecución del gasto público provincial dividiendo la inversión pública de la provincia ejecutada en un determinado año (ejecutado) entre el presupuesto inicial modiﬁcado (PIM) en dicho año.  Durante el desarrollo de la investigación se compara el monto del canon minero percápita asignado a cada provincia con su eficiencia en la ejecución de los proyectos de inversión (ratio ejecutado/PIM en %); por otra parte, se descubre que existe una marcada diferencia en la asignación percápita del canon minero a nivel provincial en la región La Libertad; asimismo se descubre que aquellas provincias con menor asignación del canon minero percápita, ubicadas en la costa de la región, son las que más han reducido su niveles de pobreza; en cambio, las provincias con mayor asignación del canon minero percápita, ubicadas en la sierra y ceja de selva de la región, son las que han reducido en montos mínimos su  correspondiente IDH o lo han incrementado de manera mínima.
Efecto de dosis de potasio en el cultivo de ají paprika (Capsicum annuum l.) variedad papri king
Authors: Maguiña Aguirre Juan Jorge , Cruz Nieto Dante Daniel , Legua Cárdenas José Antonio , Rodríguez Espinoza Ronald Fernando , Vélez Chang Yasmin Jesús , Torres Ruedas Luis Alberto
Published: July 2021

El objetivo fue determinar que dosis de potasio es adecuada para obtener un mayor rendimiento de ají paprika en el distrito y provincia de Barranca. Se instalaron cuatro bloques y cuatro tratamientos: T1 = 200, T2 = 150, T3 = 100 y T4 = 0 kg/ha. Se empleó el Diseño de Bloques Completamente al Azar y se realizó el análisis de varianza al 5 %. El tratamiento T1 sobresalió en las características físicas del ají paprika: altura de la planta (77,95 cm), número de frutos por planta (15 unidades), peso del fruto seco (69,92 g) y rendimiento comercial (5,28 t/ha); el tratamiento T1 también mejoró en las características físicas de calidad: peso de fruto fresco (30,27 g), peso de fruto seco (7,0 g), longitud de fruto (14,76 cm), diámetro de fruto (3,48 cm).
EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE LOS TRASTORNOS RESPIRATORIOS DEL SUEÑO EN PEDIATRÍA
Authors: Zenteno A Daniel , Verbal C Daniela , Barraza E Camilo , Fuentes S Claudia
Published: July 2021

La medicina del sueño pediátrica ha avanzado considerablemente durante las últimas décadas; sin embargo la evidencia epidemiológica es variada y limitada, principalmente por las diversas definiciones empleadas. El presente artículo profundiza sobre aspectos de prevalencia mediante estudios que incluyen anamnesis, cuestionarios y/o estudios de sueño; se incluye el análisis de factores que pueden influir en su epidemiología; edad, género, obesidad, factores prenatales, etnia genética, nivel socioeconómico e influencia de algunas enfermedades respiratorias como asma y rinitis. Adicionalmente, se describen aspectos relacionados con la evolución natural de los trastornos respiratorios del sueño.
OBESIDAD Y SUEÑO
Authors: Abara Selim
Published: July 2021

El avance de la epidemia de obesidad en niños y adolescentes, su estrecha relación con el sueño y sus comorbilidades son motivo de una preocupación creciente. En este artículo revisaremos la epidemiología y factores de riesgo prenatales y postnatales de la obesidad, y las comorbilidades asociadas, tales como: síndrome metabólico; estado pro-inflamatorio crónico y trastornos respiratorios del sueño (TRS), con los mecanismos fisiopatológicos involucrados. También analizaremos las interconexiones entre la obesidad y los TRS, las consecuencias de esta asociación, en cuanto a potenciar el daño a la salud física y psicológica y las principales medidas terapéuticas disponibles.
Rudimentary Knowledge in Economics, Finance, Accounting and Benefits
Authors: Jaqua Ecler , Jaqua Terry
Published: July 2021

Rudimentary information on finance is essential as it helps one in making decisions regarding the allocation of funds. Through finance, it is possible to make decisions on what, where, and when to spend. For example, finance helps individuals to make capital budgeting decisions and choose projects with maximum returns. In addition, finance knowledge can also help evaluate the best funding strategies.
INFLUENCE OF ULTRASOUND ON THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF FUEL OIL WITH SHALE ADDITIVES AT DIFFERENT PRESSURES
Authors:   Non-commercial joint-stock company “Al-Farabi Kazakh National university”, Kairbekov Zh.K. , Jeldybayeva I.M. ,   Non-commercial joint-stock company “Al-Farabi Kazakh National university”, Akhmetov T.Z. ,   Association of "Nuclear Society of Kazakhstan", Essenalieva M.Z. ,   Non-commercial joint-stock company “Al-Farabi Kazakh National university”
Published: July 2021

This article presents the results of the influence of ultrasonic exposure (UE) on the process of thermochemical destruction of fuel oil in the presence of shale of Kenderlyk field at different pressure intervals (3.5-5.5 MPa). A number of experiments were performed before and after ultrasonic exposure to select the working pressure for thermochemical processing of shale and fuel oil. Analysis of the results of pressure influence on the yield of thermochemical processing products shows that with increasing process pressure there is an increase of yield of gas, gasoline fraction (up to 180°C) and diesel fractions (180-360 °C) reaching maximum values in the range of 5.0 MPa. The yield of fractions that boil off at temperatures more than 360 °C are decreased with increasing pressure in the range of 3.5-5.5 MPa, and then begins to grow sharply with increasing pressure. After ultrasonic exposure at a temperature of 80 °C, a frequency of 22 kHz and 25 minutes of soaking the total yield of light distillates increases to 65.0 mass%. This is 10 units higher than without the use of UE.
OBTAINING CARBON FIBERS BASED ON COAL TAR BY ELECTROSPINNING METHOD
Authors:   A.B. Bekturov Institute of chemical sciences, IMANGAZY A.M. , KAIDAR B. ,   Non-commercial joint-stock company “Al-Farabi Kazakh National university”
Published: July 2021

This research discusses the use of coal-processing wastes of the Shubarkol Deposit (Karaganda region, Kazakhstan) to produce valuable materials such as carbon fibers. Annually «Shubarkol Komir» JSC alone produces up to 35,000 tons of coal tar as byproduct. In this experiment, mesophase pitch was obtained by coal tar heat treatment at 200 o C. By cracking mesophase pitch into the pieces with the addition of poly (methyl methacrylate) as fiber-forming material and 1,2-dichloroethane as solvent, the spinnable solution was prepared. The elemental analysis of the mesophase pitch showed that the heat treatment up to 200 o C does not contribute to the full elimination of sulfur containing components that influence the forming of mesophase. From the Raman spectra of the pitch, the D peak appearance at ~ 1370 cm-1 and G peak at ~ 1600 cm-1 responsible for carbon products. Carbon fibers with an average diameter of 2.5-3.3 μm were obtained by electrospinning technique in laboratory settings.
RESEARCH OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES, MICROBIOLOGICAL AND AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FERTILIZERS BASED ON MONO-, DYCALCIUM PHOSPHATE WITH ZINC PHYTO-COMPOUND: Communication 2. Study of microbiological and agrochemical characteristics of a composition based on mono-, dicalcium phosphate with a phytocompound of zinc
Authors:   Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, Zholmaganbetova M.A. , Usmanov S. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of chemical sciences, Baybashchaeva Sh. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of chemical sciences, Makhmudov K. ,   LLP "Scientific and Production Association" Ana-Zher", Makhmudov R.U. ,   LLP "Scientific and Production Association" Ana-Zher", Usmanov H. ,   LLP "Scientific and Production Association" Ana-Zher"
Published: July 2021

On model soil samples, the positive effect of the composition based on mono-, dicalcium phosphates with a phytocompound of zinc on the number of soil microorganisms affecting the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of plants and the accumulation of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen and mobile forms of phosphorus pentoxide in the soil was established. Achieved: an increase in the number of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in comparison with the standards in 3.14-3.2 times and phosphate-mobilizing 3.4-3.42 times; accumulation of soil 11.5-12.7% of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen and 6.9-8.1% of mobile forms of phosphorus pentoxide. In the reference variants, there is a decrease in the content of phosphorus pentoxide mobile forms by 6.9-8.3%, which is associated with the retrogradation of phosphorus pentoxide. A decrease in the number of oligotrophs and denitrifiers, decomposing humus, and nitrate nitrogen of the soil by 2.18-2.15 times and 2.5- 2.56 times is the basis for the preservation of soil fertility. Under the conditions of a microplot experiment, it was determined that the compositions containing a Phyto compound of zinc provide an increase in the yield of raw cotton in comparison with the standards – mono-, dicalcium phosphates 3.9 and 4.3 c/ha. The data obtained are in good agreement with phenological observations, the content of nutrients in the middle of the growing season, and the results of microbiological studies.
ARYLSULPHONATES OF SPIROPYRAZOLINES AND O-TOSILATE-β-(BENZIMIDAZOL-1-YL)PROPIOAMIDOXYME AS THE PRODUCTS OF β-AMINOPROPIOAMIDOXIMES TOSYLATION
Authors:   JSC «A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kayukova L. A. , Baitursynova G. P. ,   JSC «A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yergaliyeva E. M. ,   JSC «A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zhaksylyk B. A. ,   JSC «Al-Farabi KazNU», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yelibayeva N. S. ,   JSC «Al-Farabi KazNU», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kurmangaliyeva A. B. ,   JSC «Al-Farabi KazNU», Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

Pyrazolinium structures have practically valuable biological properties. Their methods of synthesis mainly consist in the reactions of cyclization of steroid compounds containing an enone fragment with a variety of hydrazines. We have previously obtained new spiropyrazolinium compounds by hydrolysis of 3-(β-heteroamino)ethyl-5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles and by arylsulfochlorination of β-aminopropioamidoximes. The aim of the work is to reveal the dependence of the structure of the final β-aminopropioamidoximes tosylation products from the structure of the starting amidoxime and strength of base. Methodology. The tosylation of β-aminopropioamidoximes was carried out in chloroform using diisopropylethylamine as a base. The synthesis was carried out at room temperature for 15–20 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After completion of the reaction, the precipitate was filtered off, followed by evaporation of the filtrate and additional precipitation of the product; the combined precipitates were recrystallized from isopropanol. Results and discussion. The products of tosylation of β-aminopropioamidoximes were obtained in 45‒65% yields and identified using physicochemical and spectral [IR, NMR (1H and 13C)] characteristics, tosylation of β-aminopropioamidoximes (β-amino group: piperidin-1-yl, morpholine -1-yl, thiomorpholin-1-yl, 4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl) proceeds with the formation of spirocyclic compounds ‒ arylsulfonates of 2-amino-1,5-diazaspiro [4.5]-dec-1-ene-5-ammonium; tosylation of β-(benzimidazol-1-yl)propioamidoxime gives the product on the oxygen atom of the amidoxime group.
ULTRAFINECOPPER AND NICKEL POWDERS INTHE ELECTRO-CATALYTICHYDROGENATIONOF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Authors:   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, SOBOLEVA E.A. , VISURKHANOVA Ya.A. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, IVANOVA N.M. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, BEISENBEKOVA М.Е. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, KENZHETAEVA S.O. ,   Academician E.A. Buketov Karaganda University
Published: July 2021

Ultrafine copper and nickel powders are synthesized by a chemical reduction of the metal cations from their salts in an aqueous ethanol solution without and with the addition of a polymer stabilizer (polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol). The structure and morphological features of the prepared metal powders were investigated by X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic properties of the Cu and Ni powders have been studied in the electrohydrogenation of acetophenone, nitrobenzene, p-nitroaniline, and cyclohexanone. A higher electrocatalytic activity of Cu powders, as well as skeletal copper, was established in the electrohydrogenation of the first three of the listed compounds in comparison with nickel powders, which is explained by the ability of copper cations to be reduced from its oxides in the electrochemical system under investigation. It is shown that the use of polymer stabilizers in the synthesis of Cu and Ni powders contributes to reducing metal particle sizes, but does not increase the electrocatalytic activity of the corresponding metal powders.