bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIOLOGIAS INDÍGENAS IORUBA: A ÁFRICA, O DESCONCERTO E ONTOLOGIAS NA SOCIOLOGIA CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Rosa Marcelo C.
Published: September 2019

Resumo O texto busca reconstruir a história e a recepção internacional do debate africano centrado na noção de sociologias indígenas, liderado por Akinsola Akiwowo, no âmbito da Associação Internacional de Sociologia. Para além de reconstituir os passos do próprio autor na construção e na apresentação de seu argumento, busca-se também reconstruir os sentidos de sua interpretação nas discussões dominantes sobre teoria e geopolítica sociológica. Os dois principais polos interpretativos seriam a constatação crítica de seu caráter ideográfico e limitado em termos conceituais, de um lado, e a defesa geopolítica de sua importância por ter origem fora da Euroamérica, de outro. Nenhuma das tendências considera, porém, o projeto bem-sucedido. Como conclusão, o texto propõe que uma leitura mais profícua da contribuição das “sociologias indígenas” para a sociologia global se daria por meio de seu reconhecimento como alternativa teórico-metodológica para a expansão do universo ontológico do pensamento sociológico contemporâneo.
AMAR UM AUTOR: OS MARXISTAS NAS UNIVERSIDADES BRASILEIRAS E OS “INTÉRPRETES DO BRASIL”
Authors: Rodrigues Lidiane Soares
Published: September 2019

Resumo Os marxistas que atuam em universidades brasileiras responderam a um questionário com 59 perguntas. Uma delas indagava: “Por quais autores/intérpretes do Brasil você tem mais interesse?” Com base nas respostas a essa pergunta, elaborou-se um ranking com suas predileções por determinados autores. Este artigo se propõe a identificar o princípio gerador da dupla escolha dessa lista: a dos marxistas por esses intérpretes e a desses intérpretes pelos marxistas. Para tanto, realiza uma caracterização sociológica dos respondidos e dos respondentes, assim como da representação que os segundos compartilham a respeito dos primeiros.
UM REGIME DE TRANSIÇÃO: O PAPEL DO IHGSP NO CURSO DE HISTÓRIA DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO (1934)
Authors: COSTA ARYANA
Published: September 2019

Resumo Este artigo busca compreender, por meio das atas da revista do IHGSP, o interesse de membros desse instituto na composição do quadro docente e nos debates sobre saberes e currículos do curso de geografia e história, inaugurado em 1934 na USP. Nesse intuito, usamos o caso de Plinio Ayrosa para identificar as práticas que esses novos professores levaram consigo para a universidade. Assim, foi possível problematizar uma memória institucional já estabelecida que apaga esses sujeitos da história do curso e que, consequentemente, limita sua dimensão na história da historiografia brasileira.
Estimating the Causal Effect from Partially Observed Time Series
Authors: Iseki Akane , Mukuta Yusuke , Ushiku Yoshitaka , Harada Tatsuya
Published: September 2019

Many real-world systems involve interacting time series. The ability to detect causal dependencies between system components from observed time series of their outputs is essential for understanding system behavior. The quantification of causal influences between time series is based on the definition of some causality measure. Partial Canonical Correlation Analysis (Partial CCA) and its extensions are examples of methods used for robustly estimating the causal relationships between two multidimensional time series even when the time series are short. These methods assume that the input data are complete and have no missing values. However, real-world data often contain missing values. It is therefore crucial to estimate the causality measure robustly even when the input time series is incomplete. Treating this problem as a semi-supervised learning problem, we propose a novel semi-supervised extension of probabilistic Partial CCA called semi-Bayesian Partial CCA. Our method exploits the information in samples with missing values to prevent the overfitting of parameter estimation even when there are few complete samples. Experiments based on synthesized and real data demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to estimate causal relationships more correctly than existing methods when the data contain missing values, the dimensionality is large, and the number of samples is small.
Design and construction of post-tensioned concrete box-girder viaducts for high-speed rail
Authors: Torralba Victor , Polo Tomas , Ramos Gonzalo , Aparicio Angel
Published: September 2019

This paper explains the design criteria used for nine box-girder continuous high-speed rail viaducts constructed in Spain. It describes the longitudinal layout and an innovative construction process using movable scaffolding. A comparison between different post-tensioning and reinforcing steel ratios is provided. Recommendations for fatigue design and concrete stress criteria in the serviceability limit state are given. In addition, the paper provides the quantities of concrete, post-tensioning and reinforcing steel used in the construction of the viaducts.
Federal Funds Rate Control with Voluntary Reserve Targets
Authors: Baughman Garth , Carapella Francesca
Published: September 2019

This note describes a framework for implementing monetary policy, dubbed a voluntary reserve targets framework, that could reintroduce significant margins in the federal funds market, reviving the market no matter the aggregate quantity of reserves, while simultaneously limiting the volatility of rates.
Liquidity Transformation Risks in U.S. Bank Loan and High-Yield Mutual Funds
Authors: Anadu Kenechukwu , Cai Fang
Published: September 2019

Net assets in open-end (non-money market) mutual funds (MFs) have increased notably over the past decades.
Gameplay Development of "Power Egg" As Interactive Learning Media of Arithmetic and Motoric Exercises for Elementary School Students
Authors: Wardhono Wibisono S. , Arwani I , Napitu M.I.C.S.
Published: September 2019

Difficulties of learning mathematics, especially basic arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, most commonly found in children of elementary school. The material covering basic arithmetic addition, subtraction, multiplication and division began to be taught to children aged 6-9 years that is between grades 1st to 3rd of elementary school. The research’s goals are developing interesting gameplay and interactive games as media learning of arithmetic for elementary school students in grade 1st to 3rd. Development of gameplay is expected to increase the interest of elementary school students on the concept of arithmetic and it will have implications for the success of teaching and learning arithmetic concepts for students. "Power Egg" is an interactive educational game. The game is designed based on the needs of gameplay by adding motoric exercises with the utilization of Kinect VR technology as input media. The game users target was Elementary Schools Students grade 1st to 3rd. The results of game testing showed that all students enjoy the games and 96% of students want to try the game again. After playing this game, the evaluation results of arithmetic material tested to thirty elementary school students showed an increase up to 8.8% compared to the evaluation before the students run the game.
Developing Alternative Assessment of Mathematical Performance for Vocational Students
Authors: Ruslan Ruslan , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: September 2019

This research aims to develop alternative assessment that is compatible for mathematical performance and useful to nurture competencies of vocational students. It is developmental research in which there are 3Ds stages such as define, design, and develop. By this, there are three instruments developed, namely Students Performance Test (SPT), Cognitive Affective and Performance Assessment (CAPA), and Holistic and Analytic Assessment (HAA). In order to know the affectivity, not only teachers were getting involved to contribute responds, but also students of SMK Kartika Makassar were engaged to learn and being observed during instruments trial. The result shows that SPT focuses on the ability of identification and drawing, whereas CAPA was divided into some aspects of cognitive (including recall, share exactly, identify symbol and figure accurately, construct the figure), affective (including austerity, motivation, accuracy, and discipline) and psychomotor (including speed, skills, and quality). Lastly, HAA was also constructed in terms of holistic (such as grades, description, and general criteria) and analytic (accuracy of length and angles, compliance figure, and neatness). This study brings the information that alternative assessment can be applied to support classroom assessment in which performance of students should be enhanced, especially for vocational education.
Argumentation and Reasoning Skills In Socioscientific Issues
Authors: Alindra A. L. , Ana Ana
Published: September 2019

Education is facing big challenges so that it can create qualify individuals in problem solving. Application of knowledge and or scientific concepts in the public is a realization of knowledge obtained by students at school. There are several ways to develop science education, one of which is through argumentation skill towards socioscientific issues. The socioscientific issue is scientific concept and problem-based issue, controversy, public discussion greatly influenced by socio-politics. This writing by literature study method aims to explore on argumentation skill for students so that they can face any problem solving challenges in daily life by studying; application of argumentation skill for socio scientific issue in daily life, argumentation and reasoning as well as Toulmin Argumentation Patter as the pattern used in student argumentation skill access.
Enhancing Effectiveness in Teaching and Learning Technical Drawing for Sustainable Development in Nigerian Technical Colleges
Authors: Oke J. O. , Olakotan O. O.
Published: September 2019

This study determined enhancing effectiveness in teaching and learning technical drawing for sustainable development in Nigerian technical colleges. Two research questions focusing on status of Technical Drawing in Nigerian Technical Colleges and mechanisms for enhancing teaching and learning of Technical Drawing guided the study. The population of the study was all the 152 technical college administrators in state government owned technical colleges in South- Western States of Nigeria. A 30-item self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data from all the 152 respondents. The questionnaire was validated by three experts and its reliability coefficient was established at 0.92 using Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient method. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found that traditional mode of classroom instruction dominated the teaching and learning of technical drawing and that procurement of ICT facilities and retraining of technical drawing teachers would enhance teaching and learning of the subject. The study recommended, among others that relevant stakeholders responsible for the administration of technical colleges should procure ICT facilities for teaching and learning of technical drawing.
O ESTUDO DO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: REFLEXÃO SOBRE LUTAS DE CLASSES
Authors: Casado Johny Henrique Magalhães , Paias Katia Rodrigues Montalvão , Rodrigues Jonilce Costa
Published: September 2019

O estudo do cotidiano tem ganhado cada vez mais a atenção da academia como fonte de se entender e compreender o ambiente escolar e suas idiossincrasias. Se faz natural então que pesquisadores, seja individualmente ou em grupos de pesquisa, se interessem em elaborar pesquisas sobre o assunto nos diferentes tipos de ambiente escolares que a sociedade apresenta. No presente artigo foram apresentados os principais conceitos relacionados ao estudo do cotidiano escolar e que estejam relacionados à educação profissional no Brasil. Como conclusão inicial observa-se que a educação profissional não possui muitos estudos relacionados na academia, considerando as recentes mudanças na Base Nacional Comum Curricular que alterou significativamente o ensino médio e inseriu de vez a educação profissional na vida escolar de milhões de alunos, e percebe-se que compreender o cotidiano escolar dessa modalidade é condição indispensável para contribuir com o debate e busca pela qualidade no ensino.
The Iberian Earthquake(s) of 1169–1184 according to Ibn Rushd (Averroes) and Others
Authors: Wasserstein David J.
Published: September 2019

Ibn Rushd (Averroes) (1126–1198), the famous Muslim philosopher, reported an earthquake in the region of Cordoba (Spain) in the twelfth century. The information in his reports is self‐contradictory. We have several other reports of the same event, which are themselves not always very clear. I am now attempting to clarify the problems and offer an analysis of the available information.
Fluvial piracies in the NE sector of the Sierra de Aconquija (Tafí Valley, NW Argentina)
Authors: Peña-Monné J.L. , Sampietro-Vattuone M.M.
Published: September 2019

The Sierra de Aconquija is a recently uplifted mountain chain in NW Argentina. The NE side of the sierra is drained by the Muñoz and Los Alisos rivers – whose base level is the Las Carreras Depression that is located to the SW of the Tafí valley. Two of the major headwaters of the Muñoz River suffered during its Holocene development from piracy by the Los Alisos River. These piracies had important consequences on the size of both basins and the functioning of their alluvial fans. The main causes of the captures were changes in river dynamics during Lateglacial and Holocene glacial events. Neotectonic activation does not seem to be the most determining factor, although there are active Holocene faults nearby (Las Carreras Fault 2). Geomorphological and human occupation data recovered from the alluvial fans enables us to estimate that the most recent capture was produced during the Late Holocene.
Functional Deimmunization of Interferon Beta-1b by Identifying and Silencing Human T Cells Epitopes
Authors: Moradi Hasan-Abad Amin , Adabi Elham , Sadroddiny Esmaeil , Khorramizadeh Mohammad Reza , Mazlomi Mohammad , Mehravar Saeed , Kardar Gholam Ali
Published: September 2019

Interferonbeta-1b (IFNβ-1b) developed as therapeutic protein for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies have been shown that Long-term usage of this protein can lead to the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and this phenomenon cause total loss or reduced efficacy of IFNβ-1b. The aim of this study was to predict and silence IFNβ-1b T-cells epitopes by in silico methods and genetic engineering.
Based on bioinformatics studies we identified optimal sets of conservative point mutations for eliminating T-cells epitopes in IFNβ-1b protein. Four synthetic genes with desirable mutation constructed and PET26b+ was used as an expression vector in E. coli. The expression of this proteins confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, consequently, IFNβ-1b proteins was purified by His-tag chromatography. To determined activity of mutants’ variants anti-proliferative and anti-viral activity compared to wild form was evaluated using MTT assay in A549 and Vero cells lines respectively. Also the immunogenicity of mutant proteins compared with Betaseron measured in BALB/c mice.
The in vitro bioactivity analysis demonstrated that functional activities of all mutant proteins were maintained and is the same as biological activity of Betaseron. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest that, in engineered proteins that contain substitution of Histidine to Glutamic Acid at position 131 (mut 2 and mut 1+2) antibodies response reduced by about 50%, as compared to that for Betaseron.
Computational analysis expedites identification and prediction of epitopes in therapeutic protein, therefore, we used immunoinformatic tools for modification of dominant T-cell epitope in IFNβ-1b protein, and this strategy has capacity to create proteins which have naturally reduced immunogenicity.
Impact of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection on sperm parameters of infertile men
Authors: Karamolahi Sana , Salman Yazdi Reza , Zangeneh Mehrangiz , Jamshidi Makiani Mahin , Farhoodi Behnam , Sedighi Gilani Ali
Published: September 2019

Background: Viral hepatitis is one of the health problems which have the effects on the health issues. It seems that hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have negative impacts on the semen quality and male infertility rate.
Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of HBV and HCV on sperm quality among Iranian infertile men referred to Royan Institute Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center between 2003 and 2014.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 112 HBV positive infertile men and 47 HCV positive infertile men as case group and 112 HBV negative andHCVnegative matched infertile men as a control group. All semen analysis and viral parameters assessment was performed in the central laboratory with the same method and instruments.
Results: Sperm count among infertile men with HBV and HCV infection was significantly lower than control group [the mean of the total sperm count 100.95 ± 118.59, 118.22 ± 141.18, 166.27 ± 151.25 (p < 0.001)]. Sperm motility was significantly decreased in HBV and HCV positive men in comparison to the control group [30.97 ± 25.88, 31.09 ± 28.72, 40.87 ± 23.37, respectively (p < 0.007)]. The percentage of normal sperm morphology was significantly higher in control group in comparison to HBV and HCV infected group [the mean of the normal semen morphology 3.23 ± 3.27, 3.70 ± 3.83, 4.51 ± 3.15 p < 0.015]. Although there is a significant decline in liquefaction time in the case group but the viscosity, semen volume, and PH of semen samples were similar in the both case and control groups.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that HBV and HCV infection are associated with poor sperm quality.
Modeling the Effective Management Factors in the Pattern of Regulation and Supervision of Social Insurance Funds of Iran
Authors: Botshekan Mohammad Hashem , Dehghan Dehnavi Mohammad Ali , Mohagheghnia Mohammad Javad , Aslipour Hosein , Mohammad Abbasnia Seyyed
Published: September 2019

Background: To achieve the objectives of social security and health system, it is essential to enhance the level of efficiency of social insurance funds. To hit this target, the challenges of regulation improvement should be identified and addressed in these funds. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the key challenges of regulation and modeling the network of management and its effective factors.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional qualitative study. In the qualitative part, a systematic review and thematic analysis were conducted using MaxQDA 10 software. Qualitative data were collected by reviewing the relevant documents and related studies. In the quantitative part, the structural-interpretative modeling and Mick-Mac analysis methods were employed. The data were collected by referring to the 14 experts selected by targeted sampling method using a questionnaire.
Results: 9 factors were identified as the key challenges in regulation of social insurance funds, including 1) management inconsistency; 2) non-clear insurance approach in population coverage; 3) multiplicity of insurance funds; 4) failure to organize the funds; 5) lack of integrity of rules and regulations; 6) weakness of regulatory authority; 7) weak policy making in management of financial resources; 8) inconsistencies in the country’s insurance tariff system; and 9) insurance cover for informal jobs. The content network was formed in a 4-level model by structural- interpretative modeling method.
Conclusion: Regulation challenges of the social insurance funds include a combination of factors showing the need for the formation of a unit regulator to organize these funds. The aim is to meet the key challenges in 4 layers of the proposed model and modify the regulatory and supervisory structure with a comprehensive, impartial, and specialized approach.
The Effect of Organizational Structure on the Entrepreneurial Spirit of the Staff Working in Vice-Chancellor for Treatment of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Karimi Ozhan , Abokhamsi Zeinab , Saki Mohammad
Published: September 2019

Background: In modern organizations, establishment and utilization of the entrepreneurial thinking are inevitable. Entrepreneurial thinking is considered as the insight and ability of the founders as well as the cause of the organizations' birth and death. In order to develop and strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit in organizations, appropriate facilities should be provided, such as organizational structures and formations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational structure on the entrepreneurial spirit of the staff working in the vice-chancellor for treatment of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic and correlational study was conducted on all the staff of vice-chancellor for treatment of AJUMS in 2017 (n = 260). The randomized cluster sampling method was applied and 152 employees were selected. Data collection tools were the Robbins Standard Organizational Structure questionnaires and a researcher-made questionnaire on organizational entrepreneurship. The  reliability coefficients of these 2 questionnaires were calculated as 0.85 and 0.81 using Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, univariate t test, regression coefficient) were used to analyze the data with SPSS 19.
Results: The results indicated that the mean scores of the organizational entrepreneurship components in the studied university were higher than the average. The organizational structure had a positive and significant relationship with organizational entrepreneurship (r = 0.08) and formalization had a positive and significant relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.20). Furthermore, the complexity had a negative and reverse relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.16) and concentration had a positive and insignificant relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.11).
Conclusion: It can be argued that reduction of complexity, horizontal and vertical segregation in the structure of the vice-chancellor for treatment, and effective utilization of the standard procedures and guidelines can be used as a suitable and beneficial strategy for innovation in providing health services in hospitals and affiliated centers.
Identifying the Succession Dimensions and Formulating the Health Network Managers' Selection Components
Authors: Nasbi Narjes alsadat , Jalali Farideh , Bordbar Najmeh , Fasihi Nia Hamed , Ansari Pegah , Bastani Peivand
Published: September 2019

Background: Management transport occurs in organizational hierarchy commonly; so, succession planning is of a great importance. In this regard, identification of the effective methods for succession planning leads to organizational success in health care systems. This study aimed to identify the dimensions of succession and formulate the components of health network managers' selection.
Methods: This qualitative research was conducted by applying the content analysis approach in 2018. To glean the information, 42 semi-structured interviews were conducted using the snowball sampling method. Data was analyzed by framework analysis applying Max QDA 10 software.
Results: The main effective factors for achieving the health network administrator management rank contained 4 main themes of managerial education and skills, specified education and skills, educational methods, and performance evaluation mechanism. Moreover, we identified the main applied points in monitoring the health network managers' duties.
Conclusion: The basic criteria should be defined  for selecting appropriate people and improving the quality of services. It also can lead to a framework for succession planning and is helpful in organizational decision making improvement.
EXAMINING THE SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND HEALTH SERVICE PROCEDURES IN PUSKESMAS (PUSAT KESIHATAN MASYARAKAT)
Authors: Ichwansyah Fahmi
Published: September 2019

Purpose of This Study: The purpose of the study is to analyze the socio-demographic factors and health service procedures in the Puskesmas on patient satisfaction based on the theory of Service Quality (ServQual) by Parasuraman. This is crucial to create a society that has healthy behaviors which includes awareness, willingness, and ability to a healthy live, able to reach good quality health services, live in a healthy environment and have optimal health status, individually, in families, groups and communities. Methodology: This study employs quantitative and qualitative approaches with the survey as its major tool. The survey questionnaires were distributed to the samples of 300 people, 100 people in each Puskesmas(Pusat Kesihatan Masyarakat, Community Health Centre) for the survey.While for the qualitative data collection conducted by researchers and 6 personnel experienced enumerators and educated to the degree of public health.The data collection in every Puskesmas conducted by two enumerators by interviewing outpatients who have received services from registration services at the registration counter, one of examination sites, whether in general polyclinic, KIA, family planning, Dental, IGD and the last services received by patient when taking the medicine (pharmacy). Main Findings: The results showed that the percentages of patients’ satisfaction in three Puskesmas are not much different, the significant difference is responsiveness and empathy element in Puskesmas Kuta Alam. The analysis results of the relationship between socio-demographic and patients’ satisfaction in the three Puskesmas varied. Applications of This Study: This study is beneficial and useful for the learning process of health services procedures on outpatients’ satisfaction. Hence, health service providers could enhance their service satisfaction delivery. The novelty of this study: The patient satisfaction level is analyzed through the Service Quality (ServQual) which is connected with the socio-demography of patients and health service procedures based on Standard Operating procedures (SOP), which became a standard set by ISO 9001:2008.
FORECASTING SHARE PRICES USING SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Ganesan Vignesh
Published: September 2019

Background: For a long time, there has been a trend of trading of shares. Brokerage firms and dealers buy/sell stocks for clients and companies. Their work is based on knowing how the share price of the company will react in the market. Market/ share price predictions are useful as the investor/broker can attempt to predict the output in order to maximize his dividends or minimize his losses.

Methodology: R and Python tools are used to sort, segregate and process the data, and techniques/algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm, ARIMA, Artificial Neural Networks, and Linear Regression are used to forecast results of data. Along with the model data, external factors affecting share prices also be taken into account.

Findings: For each of the applied algorithms, their results are compared and the difference in output with the real-time values has been observed and recorded.

Implications: Using data mining techniques, an attempt is made to estimate a prediction model to help forecast share prices.
Globalización, estabilidad presupuestaria y Comunidades Autónomas
Authors: García Guerrero José Luis
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo aborda el embate de la globalización a la distribución territorial de los Estados. En particular, se centra en la incidencia de la globalización y de las normas sobre estabilidad financiera provenientes de organizaciones supranacionales en el ámbito competencial de las Comunidades Autónomas.Recibido: 21 noviembre 2018Aceptado: 21 junio 2019Publicación en línea: 31 julio 2019
Changing the Adult State of Mind With Respect to Attachment: An Exploratory Study of the Role of EMDR Psychotherapy
Authors: Civilotti Cristina , Cussino Martina , Callerame Chiara , Fernandez Isabel , Zaccagnino Maria
Published: September 2019

We aimed to assess changes in the attachment internal working model and reflective function (RF) as mechanisms of change in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for patients with traumatic memories. Twenty adult female patients with parenting and relational problems participated in the study. Attachment organization was assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and the RF coding scale pre- and posttreatment. We found that EMDR therapy increased patients' narrative coherence and RF. We noted a significant decrease in the number of participants classified as unresolved following the course of EMDR treatment in which loss and/or trauma were resolved. This article summarizes the changes after EMDR therapy regarding attachment status and its efficacy to reprocess early traumatic memories in a more adaptive way. Finally, our results also support the usefulness of the AAI as a tool for understanding the changing processes during a therapeutic treatment.
Thermal Characteristics of Spindle Supported with Water-Lubricated Hydrostatic Bearings
Authors: Nakao Yohichi , Kirigaya Rei , Fedorynenko Dmytro , Hayashi Akio , Suzuki Kenji ,   Kanagawa University 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan,   Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Nonoichi, Japan
Published: September 2019

Characteristics of a spindle supported with water-lubricated hydrostatic bearings were experimentally investigated. In particular, this paper focuses on the thermal characteristics of the spindle. The flowrates of water as the lubricating fluid were measured separately for the radial and thrust bearings, in relation to the supply pressure. Fluid power losses owing to pressure losses of the lubricating fluid were then introduced. Furthermore, the power losses owing to the water viscosity were determined by measuring the spindle torque and angular velocity. The experiments revealed that the total power loss of the spindle is approximately 300 W. The cooling effect of the lubricating water was then examined by introducing a temperature increase between the supply and drain water. The experimental results verified that the water temperature increased by approximately 0.8°C, at a spindle speed of 3000 min-1. Based on the temperature increase of the water, the power removed from the spindle by the water flow was estimated. By comparing the generated total power loss and the power transferred by the water flow, the cooling efficiency of the flow of lubricating-water was defined in this paper. If the cooling efficiency is 100%, the temperature change of the spindle can be zero regardless of the power loss, achieving ideal thermal stability of the spindle. Experimental results revealed that the cooling efficiency of the tested spindle was over 80%. This indicates that the flow of water as a lubricating fluid removes generated heat from the spindle effectively, and achieves improved thermal stability of the spindle.
Ball Burnishing of Mg Alloy Using a Newly Developed Burnishing Tool with On-Machine Force Control
Authors: Cao Chenyao , Zhu Jiang , Tanaka Tomohisa , Shiou Fang-Jung , Sawada Shunichi , Yoshioka Hayato ,   Department of Mechanical	Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute	of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan,   National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan,   Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology (FIRST), Institute of Innovative Research (IIR),
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
Published: September 2019

Burnishing is a surface finishing process, in which a very smooth surface finish is obtained by pressing a ball or roller against a machined workpiece. Additionally, owing to the surface plastic deformation caused by the movement of the hardened ball or roller, other surface properties such as hardness, fatigue life, and wear resistance can be improved. Burnishing force is one of the most important factors affecting the surface modification quality. However, methods for precisely monitoring and controlling the burnishing force are rarely investigated. In this research, a novel ball burnishing tool embedded with a load-cell and air-servo system was developed and fabricated for application to a CNC machining center. Using a specially designed control software, the burnishing force in the burnishing process was monitored in real time and controlled constantly and precisely by a force feedback system. Magnesium alloy AZ31 specimens were used to evaluate the performance of the developed system. The experiments were divided into two parts. In the first part, the effects of the processing parameters on the surface roughness were investigated. The results indicated that the surface roughness could be improved from Ra= 1.95 μm to Ra= 0.26 μm. In the second part, the effects of the burnishing parameters on the surface properties were investigated by conducting experiments using Taguchi’s orthogonal array. The results suggested that the burnishing force was the most significant factors affecting the surface hardness and grain size. The Vickers hardness could be increased from HV62 to HV149. The average grain size was reduced after the burnishing process, and a work-hardening layer thickness of 0.75 mm was achieved. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the crystal orientation was modified after burnishing, and the maximum measured compressed residual stress was 186.3 MPa in the tool feed direction and 87.8 MPa in the step over direction.
Micro-End-Milling with Small Diameter Left Hand Helical Tool for High Quality Vertical Wall Machining
Authors: Ogawa Keiji , Imada Takumi , Kino Haruki , Nakagawa Heisaburo , Kojima Hitomi ,   Ryukoku University 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu-shi, Shiga 520-2194, Japan,   Industrial Research Center of Shiga Prefecture, Ritto, Japan,   Mitsubishi Hitachi Tool Engineering, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan,   Nakagawa Machining R&D Center, Wakayama, Japan,   Big Daishowa Seiki Co., Ltd., Higashiosaka, Japan
Published: September 2019

The demand for micro-end-milling for products in fields such as the medical, optical, and electronics industry is increasing. However, when machining with a small diameter end-mill (micro-end-mill) with diameters such as 0.5 mm, the rigidity of the tool itself is low; hence, the cutting conditions must be set to low values to achieve stable machining. Therefore, we examined various cutting phenomena that occur during actual machining processes to achieve high machining accuracy, high finished-surface quality, and long tool life. Some studies on micromachining achieved high accuracy, high-grade machining by considering the cutting phenomena. In previous papers, we dealt with the side-cutting phenomena in micro-end-milling of hardened die steels using a high-speed air-turbine spindle with rolling bearing. Cutting experiments were carried out by measuring the cutting force and flank wear of a cutting tool to investigate the difference in cutting phenomena caused by cutting direction in high-speed micro-end-milling. Observation of the machined surface and measurement of the profile of the cutting edge and machined surface were demonstrated. It was revealed that machining quality in high-speed up-cut milling was better than that in down-cut milling. Shoulder cutting, in which both peripheral and bottom cutting edges act simultaneously on the workpiece, was also investigated. A novel small diameter end-mill with left-hand helical tool with right-hand cut was developed to avoid damaging the cutting edge in the initial cutting stage. In the present study, high-quality shoulder cutting of a vertical wall using the new tool was proposed and demonstrated.
Changes in Surface Roughness Caused by Electrical Discharge Coating
Authors: Takezawa Hideki , Mohri Naotake , Kusama Toshiya ,   Kogakuin University 2665-1 Nakano-cho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan,   The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Published: September 2019

The effects of surface modification using an electrical discharge coating are investigated. The electrode used for the machining process is a Ti-type semi-sintered compact electrode. A thin and hard layer is formed on the machining surface. In this paper, the change in surface roughness during electrical discharge coating is described. The accretion layer surface became coarse after 10 min of machining. The peak height also increased. After 30 min of machining, the height of the accretion layer was lower than the original surface level, and the peak height decreased. Furthermore, the core roughness value increased. The surface roughness increased within several minutes from the start of electrical discharge coating using a Ti-type semi-sintered compact electrode. In this paper, we report on the temporal change of surface roughness during electrical discharge coating.
Formal Tools for Management of Manufacturing Systems: A Multi Agents System Approach
Authors: D’Addona Doriana M. , Bruzzone Alessandro A. ,   Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II P.le Tecchio 80, I-80125 Naples, Italy,   Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Energetica, Gestionale e dei Trasporti, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
Published: September 2019

To overcome the consequences of the 2008 crisis on the real sector, especially manufacturing, Industry 4.0 gives guidelines to drive production by emphasizing technological innovations, such as industrial internet, cloud manufacturing, etc. The proposed paper focuses on cognitive manufacturing within the framework of the emergent synthesis paradigm. Specifically, the structuring process by which the manufacturing assets are organized to provide the finished goods is analyzed. The study is carried out by considering the analogies between manufacturing and other inventive processes supported by formal tools such as formal languages, semantic webs, and multi agent system.
Adaptation of Work-Related Rumination Scale into Turkish
Authors: SULAK AKYÜZ Bilge , SULAK Sema
Published: September 2019

The aim of
the present study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the
Turkish version of Work-Related Rumination Scale (T-WRRS). The study was
conducted sampling 582 white-collar workers from various fields. In order to
determine the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted.
Additionally, Cronbach Alpha values as an indicator of internal consistency and
item-total correlations were utilized for reliability analysis. The results
yielded that the Turkish version of WRRS is a reliable scale with three-factor,
and it can be used to measure work-related rumination among Turkish workers.
Validation of a questionnaire to measure success in financial computing literacy
Authors: Deshpande Amogh
Published: September 2019

An embedded model of teaching financial computing within a course on numerical analysis in finance has been proposed recently in (Deshpande, 2017). It consists of only 10 steps that are aimed at programming beginners. These steps expect students only to be self-motivated to learn.  Hence other attributes like pre-knowledge of programming and cleverness aren’t expected to influence the learning outcome. Through qualitative assessment via laboratory observation this was indeed found to hold true. In order to understand the outcome of these 10 steps on a much finer scale, we develop here a questionnaire that measures success in financial computing literacy (SFCL) via quantitative assessment.  Four scales were developed: self-efficacy or computing confidence, active learning strategy/pro-activeness, learning environment stimulation and an achievement goal in terms of student satisfaction. Findings of this pilot study confirm construct validity of the questionnaire. Importantly we conclude that self-motivation is not enough and that tenacity is a vital component to keep motivation going. Tenacity can be induced via providing credit for attempting steps.
Creating a Taxonomy of Mathematical Errors for Undergraduate Mathematics
Authors: Ford Shauna , Gillard Jonathan , Pugh Mathew
Published: September 2019

In this paper we develop a taxonomy of errors which undergraduate mathematics students may make when tackling mathematical problems. We believe that a taxonomy would be useful for staff in giving feedback to students, and would facilitate students’ higher-level understanding of the types of errors that they could make.
Guest Editorial: Technology Deployment: How to Get it Done and Maximize Outcomes
Authors: Nijveld Erik
Published: September 2019

Guest editorial

The oil and gas industry has truly pushed the boundaries over time, and delivered projects that were considered unthinkable not too long ago. Technology has truly been an enabler. Yet, despite the undeniable role that technology has played, it is also clear that there is significant room to further accelerate the speed of technology deployment.

Although it is often believed that “risk averseness” is one of the main reasons for the lack of innovation in oil and gas, it is often due to other reasons, such as:

End users are keen, but do not know about available technologies or do not know where to start. As a result, they stick to conventional practices.

End users do not have the time and/or expertise to assess the available technologies and to sustainably embed technologies into the business.

Suppliers have difficulties getting access to the right people in the end-user company and/or struggle to make a convincing case.

By addressing these three aspects, major hurdles for change are removed, such that the chances increase that end-users are prepared to change their current ways of working, resulting in accelerated technology deployment.

Simplifying Technology Selection

As in daily life, we are far more confident about using technology if we know about others that have successfully used it. Also, it clearly helps in the decision-making process if we are aware of reviews from a recognized expert or other user.

For these reasons, Deployment Matters launched the Technology Catalogue. The platform was developed based on first-hand experience because it is often difficult for decision makers to stay up to date on available technology-driven improvement opportunities for their business. The platform helps technology providers create more visibility for their technologies. In a sense, it works similar to TripAdvisor and other sites that we use in our daily life, although in an industry like ours we would likely not rely on anonymous reviews, or reviews from strangers.

Positioning Technologies for Success

Why do some technologies get deployed while other seemingly superior technologies struggle to get traction? A “technology stress test” provides answers and gives key insights on what can be done to increase the chances of success. This stress test is based on more than 600 deployments (subsurface, wells and facilities technologies). A technology has to be technically sound and fit-for-purpose. But eventually, the reason for users to choose it—instead of one of the many other things that can be done to improve performance—is mostly driven by non-technical factors.

With a stress test, technology is assessed against approximately 30 criteria grouped under seven themes. Only one of the themes is technical, the other six are nontechnical (Fig. 1). Based on a dialogue with key stakeholders around the table, a score is given in the range of 0–5 per theme based on the current situation. As part of the dialogue, actions are discussed and agreed such that the chances of success can be•increased.
Technology Focus: Oilfield Chemistry (September 2019)
Authors: Wylde Jonathan
Published: September 2019

Technology Focus

The growth in deepwater production is apparent to anyone who works even vaguely close to this section of the industry. Deepwater production continues to increase and is an important part of oil growth up to and beyond 2030, when it may be as high as 12 million–13 million BOPD. Deepwater production is fueled by the Golden Triangle of Brazil, the Gulf of Mexico, and West Africa.

One of the more technologically challenging production-chemistry applications in deep water is the control of gas hydrates. Hydrates are a high-pressure/low-temperature phenomenon where, under the correct conditions, produced gas will complex with water and form catastrophic ice-like blockages in subsea infrastructure. Deepwater subsea flowlines offer an almost perfect hydrate-formation environment, and control measures must be taken.

Several methods exist for hydrate control, and they can be classified broadly into mechanical (e.g., insulation, hot-oil circulation) or chemical solutions. The chemistry can be divided into thermodynamic inhibitors (e.g., alcohols, glycols) and low-dose hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs). Antiagglomerates, or AAs, are a major class of LDHI and are exclusively used in deepwater environments because of the severe hydrate-formation conditions (or subcooling) that can exist.

The early commercial use of AA chemistry in the oil field goes back as far as the 1990s. Since then, many advancements have been made and reported in the scientific, academic, and patent literature. In recent years, advancements have occurred at a tremendous rate, which is in line with the almost exponential growth in deepwater activity. The featured papers and recommended additional reading summarize the state of the art for LDHI AA research and development and have been selected to give readers a broad indication from both academia and industry around the world.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

OTC 29660 Biodegradable Antiagglomerant Chemistry for Hydrate-Plug Prevention in Various Production Conditions by Deepak Steven Monteiro, Halliburton, et al.

OTC 28935 Early Project Low-Dose Hydrate-Inhibitor Dosage Assumptions vs.•an Extensive Laboratory Study by P. Conrad, Assured Flow Solutions, et al.

BHR 2018 143 Measurements of Dispersant Additive on Hydrate/Ice Slurry•Transport by A. Melchuna, Colorado•School of Mines, et al.