bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Produk Lokal Buah Naga menjadi Selai (Studi Kasus Desa Mekar Sari dan Desa Pelawan Jaya)
Authors: Hardiani Hardiani , Bhakti Adi , Zevaya Faradina , Maisyarah Nyimas Dian , Parok Al
Published: January 2022

Tantangan pemasaran produksi di era masa pandemi Covid-19 membuat grafik pembelian semakin menurun sehingga untuk meminimalkan penuruan kegiatan ekonomi perlu pendampingan lebih lanjut dari sistem kelembagaan, jaringan pemasaran, branding, dan diversifikasi suatu produk. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan yang baik diperlukan agar produk turunan buah naga dapat berdampak positif pada peningkatan pendapatan. Hal ini kemudian akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan pengabdian tidak terlepas dari metode pengabdian yang digunakan dalam pencapaian tujuan PPM Tahun 2021 yaitu metode demonstration plot (alur demonstrasi). Demonstrasi yang dilakukan berupa pemberdayaan ibu-ibu PKK (Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) yang bekerja sebagai Ibu rumah tangga dan memiliki waktu luang untuk melakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan dan mengembangkan produk buah naga. Program PPM ini melibatkan mahasiswa dalam kurun waktu pengabdian selama 8 (delapan) bulan
Penguatan BUMDes (Badan Usaha Milik Desa) dengan Memaksimalkan Pemanfaatan Berbagai Fasilitas Digital
Authors: Ridwansyah Muhammad , Hastuti Dwi , Heriberta Heriberta , Syaparuddin Syaparuddin , Emilia Emilia
Published: January 2022

Mewujudkan kemandirian desa merupakan salah satu tujuan pembangunan nasional dan diperlukan potensi desa, potensi sosial masyarakat, dan potensi sumber daya alam yang merupakan pelaku sekaligus objek dalam pembangunan. Selain itu, dalam mewujudkan kemandirian diperlukan optimalisasi Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes). Akan tetapi, kenyataan saat ini memperlihatkan bahwa banyak desa yang tidak tahu cara mendirikan dan mengoptimalkan BUMDes itu sendiri. Tantangan yang sering muncul terkait dengan pengelolaan BUMDes, yaitu 1) kurangnya partisipasi dari masyarakat dalam mengelola BUMDes, 2) pemerintah tidak optimal dalam memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pengembangan BUMDes, dan 3) pengelolaan dan manajemen BUMDes tidak berjalan. Berdasarkan UU No. 6 Tahun 2014, BUMDes merupakan badan usaha yang mayoritas dananya berasal dari desa dengan penyertaan langsung. Tujuan dari optimalisasi BUMDes yaitu untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat dengan pemberdayaan desa dengan usaha-usaha produktif yang dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian dan penguatan ekonomi masyarakat desa. Secara khusus, optimalisasi BUMDes dengan pemanfaatan fasilitas digital akan mendorong agrowisata dan agrobisnis secara bersamaan.
Electrocardiography abnormality in a suicide attempt with levetiracetam
Authors: Cömertpay Ertan , Say Bahar , Eroğlu Oğuz , Deniz Turgut , Coşkun Figen
Published: January 2022

We present a case of suicide attempt with levetiracetam (LEV) in an epilepsy patient. Multifocal ventricular contractions were observed together with bradycardia in this patient due to LEV overdose. Reported patient of LEV overdose in the literature rarely show electrocardiography findings. Although LEV is less toxic than other antiseizure medications, clinicians should be aware of its potential cardiac side effects.
Restless leg syndrome and migraine: Is there a common etiology?
Authors: Saricam Gulhan , Saricam Orkun
Published: January 2022

Background & Objectives: Some studies have shown that there is a relationship between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and migraine. Our aim in this study is to investigate the relationship between RLS and migraine and the connection between their etiologies.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 109 RLS patients and 105 healthy individuals. Demographic parameters, migraine comorbidity, characteristics of RLS, as well as biochemical and hemogram parameters were examined in the study subjects.
Results: The mean age of the RLS patients was 44.28±10.50 years and 38.84% suffered from migraine headaches. RLS was significantly more severe in patients with migraine. Compared to a control group of normal subjects, serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and iron were significantly lower in RLS patients with or without migraine. The platelet counts, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in RLS patients without migraine compared to the control group (p<0.05)
Conclusion: RLS was more severe in patients with comorbid migraine. Vitamin D, calcium, and iron levels were significantly lower and inflammation markers were higher in all RLS patients. We think that further investigation of the underlying mechanisms of these two diseases and the results of population- based studies will enable clearer diagnosis and effective treatment of RLS and migraine in the future.
The effectiveness of sphenopalatine ganglion blockade in chronic migraine resistant to medical treatment
Authors: Tepe Nermin , Tertemiz Oktay Faysal
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of sphenopalatine ganglion blockade (SPGB) as an alternative treatment for patients with chronic migraine resistant to medical treatment.
Methods: In total, 23 patients with chronic migraine resistant to medical treatment underwent 4 sessions of bilateral transnasal SPGB bi-weekly, and the monthly number of headache days, duration, and numerical rating scale (NRS) response results were recorded.
Results: Compared with before SPGB, the frequency of migraine attacks per month (23.66 ± 9.8 vs. 10.5 ± 11.9 days), duration of headaches (31.3 ± 16.8 vs. 18.4 ± 9.8 h), and NRS score (9 ± 0.99 vs. 5.1 ± 2.1) all improved significantly (p < 0.05) eight weeks after intervention.
Conclusion: Transnasal SPGB is an alternative to conventional therapy because it benefits patients with chronic migraine resistant to medical treatment, is easy to administer, and has few side effects.
Development and validation of Dementia Solat Score for detecting cognitive impairment among Muslim patients: A pilot study
Authors: Teh Hoon Lang , Mohd Suan Mohd Azri , Ahmad Rosnah , Yahya Muhammad Hafizuddin
Published: January 2022

Background & Objective: Low education and simplicity of lifestyle of Malaysian older adults may mask the early signs of dementia and lead to late presentation with various complications and neglect. From clinical observation, decline in prayer performance in older Muslims might be a sign of cognitive impairment. This study aim to develop and validate an objective assessment tool for dementia based on Muslim routine prayer performance status.
Methods: This was a pilot study which involved Muslim participants aged 50 and above. They were divided into normal cognitive control group and cognitive impaired group. Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) was done on all participants upon recruitment, and Dementia Solat Score (DSS) was done by another group of assessors which were blinded to CDR findings. All the statistical analyses was performed using R statistical software, Version 3.5.2.
Results: There were total of 36 participants, 16 from normal cognitive control group and 20 from cognitive impaired group. DSS score was significantly lower in cognitive normal control (median=0, IQR=0) compared to cognitive impaired group (median=4, IQR=9.0), Z=-4.54, p<0.001. Spearman’s rank-order correlation test between CDR and DSS revealed a positive correlation between the two assessment tools, r= 0.920, p<0.001. The cut-off point of 1 and above in DSS showed a sensitivity of 85.0%, specificity of 93.8%, positive predictive value of 94.4% and negative predictive value of 83.3%.
Conclusions: This pilot study showed that DSS has high sensitivity and specificity in detecting cognitive impairment among Muslim patients. A higher score in DSS may indicate more severe stage of disease.
Investigation of autonomic dysfunction in primary Raynaud’s phenomenon with sympathetic skin response (SSR), R-R interval variation (RRIV) and composite autonomic symptom score (COMPASS)-31
Authors: Sicim Hüseyin , Boyraz Özgür , Demirdas Ertan , Kartal Hakan , Erol Gökhan , Koç Murat , Arslan Gökhan , Günay Celalettin , Öz Bilgehan Savas , Bolcal Cengiz
Published: January 2022

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the autonomic dysfunction in patients with primary Raynaud’s phenomenon with using sympathetic skin response (SSR) as a neurophysiologic test, R-R interval variation analysis and composite autonomic symptom score (COMPASS)-31 questionnaire.
Methods: Palmar SSR to median nerve electrical stimulation was recorded in 38 patients with 36 healthy age and sex-matched control subjects. The SSR was recorded from the palmar surface of both left and right hands for patients and control groups. The amplitudes and latencies formed as a result of electrical stimulation were calculated and compared between the two groups. Additionally, R-R interval variability was examined during normal breathing, deep breathing, standing up and Valsalva maneuver in both groups. Furthermore, we asked to complete the COMPASS-31 questionnaire, a validated tool to assess symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. And by calculating total COMPASS-31 scores, the relationship between the two groups was investigated.
Results: The Raynaud’s phenomenon and control groups were similar in age (37.4 ± 11.6 vs. 34.9 ± 13.0 years), had identical gender ratios and similar body mass index (24.5 ± 6.1 vs. 25.7 ± 4.6%). Palmar SSR to median nerve stimulation of RP patients shows significantly delayed latency (1890 ± 146) (p=0.03). And no difference between amplitudes in comparison to the control group. In the patient and control groups, R-R interval measurements were evaluated during rest and deep breathing, standing up and Valsalva maneuver. When the R-R interval measurements of the patient and control groups at rest and deep breathing were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In addition, COMPASS-31 questionnaire scoring system was applied to both groups. The mean COMPASS-31 score was higher in patient group (22.8 ± 13.8), than from healthy controls (8.9 ± 7.8) (p=0.02)
Conclusions: Autonomic dysfunction plays a role in the etiology of Raynaud’s phenomenon, due to latency prolongation in the sympathetic skin response and significant difference between COMPASS-31 tests, and these tests can be used in the diagnosis stage of this disease.
Impact of nasogastric tube feeding on swallowing function in patients with dysphagia: a pilot study
Authors: Jung Yu Sang , Kim MinYoung , Min Kyunghoon , Kim Jong Moon , Han Eun Young , Cho Kye Hee , Im Sang Hee
Published: January 2022

During dysphagia treatment, direct oral swallowing therapy is applied to some patients temporarily fed via nasogastric tube. However, the risk of aspiration in oral swallowing while nasogastric tube in situ may be disregarded in a standard videofluoroscopic swallowing study performed without a nasogastric tube. To evaluate the diagnostic significance of nasogastric tube in situ videofluoroscopic swallowing study of nectar and pureed diet compared to the standard videofluoroscopic swallowing study without nasogastric tube. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study records of dysphagia patients conducted between June and August 2017 in a university hospital were collected for review. Rosenbek’s penetration-aspiration scale, diagnostic criteria of aspiration were used to define aspiration. videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale for videofluoroscopic swallowing study with or without nasogastric tube were compared for nectar and pureed diet swallowing. Patients had various duration of nasogastric tube feeding. Paired T-test comparing the videofluoroscopic dysphagia scales for videofluoroscopic swallowing study with or without nasogastric tube revealed significant aggravation of swallowing dysfunction in nectar drinking while nasogastric tube in situ. This aggravation was noted in 19% (n=4) of patients who suffered from stroke regardless of nasogastric tube duration. Nasogastric tube in situ videofluoroscopic swallowing study, at least of nectar drinking could be beneficial in selecting a safe candidate for direct oral swallowing therapy in conjunction with the conventional nasogastric tube removed videofluoroscopic swallowing study.
A homozygous SH3TC2 mutation in a Korean patient with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4C
Authors: Shin Je-Young , Lee Jong-Mok
Published: January 2022

Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4C (CMT4C) is an autosomal recessive neuropathy associated with SH3TC2 mutations, resulting in slow conduction velocity via hypomyelination. The occurrence of CMT4C in demyelinating Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) varies among ethnicities, and several variants have been reported as the founder mutation. In Korea, the incidence of CMT4C was calculated as approximately 2%, and all patients have compound heterozygous mutations, which is partly due to the prohibition of consanguineous marriage. Herein, we describe a 25-year-old male who presented a slowly progressive limb weakness and impaired vibration sensation. Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous variants c.929G>A of SH3TC2 after identifying negative multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification results of PMP22. Based on our literature review, this is the first CMT4C patient with a homozygous variant with each allele inherited from both the parents.
Reversible lesion of the corpus callosum associated with COVID-19: A case report
Authors: Inalkac Gemici Yagmur , Tasci Irem
Published: January 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may affect the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Major central nervous system manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection include seizures, meningoencephalitis, ischemic stroke, anosmia, and hypogeusia. The reversible splenial lesion syndrome was first described in 2004. Although reversible splenial lesion syndrome was initially recognized as a benign phenomenon, a second type of reversible splenial lesion syndrome was identified in later years, which has a poorer prognosis and potentially serious sequela. Reversible splenial lesion syndrome can be caused by numerous etiologies including viruses. In this report, we present a rare case of COVID-19 with reversible splenial lesion, who presented with ataxia and dizziness.
Somatosound: A review with report of 9 cases with long-term follow-up
Authors: Han Byung In , Lee Ho won , Ryu Sanghyo , Lucciani Beatrice , Hong Ji Man , Bae Myung Cheol
Published: January 2022

Somatosound (somatic tinnitus) is associated with vascular, musculoskeletal, respiratory, or temporomandibular joint disorders. Several studies of its management have been widely reported, but only few presented long-term follow-up results. The purposes of this paper are to review the causes and management, present cases with long-term follow-up, together with previously reported cases in literatures. We treated nine patients with somatosound of vascular, hematologic, endocrinologic, muscular, and cervical origin. Follow-up were conducted routinely, and the final results were collated in 3 to 11 years. Patients with non-life-threatening causes were given counseling and palliative management. Their tinnitus becomes tolerable, gradually decreased, and even disappeared. Patients with life-threatening causes were treated immediately. Among all, there were three cases which to the best of our knowledge, are the first reported of its causes. One case was caused by a compensatory of increasing blood flow in internal carotid artery (ICA) secondary to contralateral ICA stenosis. Another had a combination of anemia and an ipsilateral jugular bulb diverticulum. The tinnitus disappeared after the anemia treated. The last was patient with hyperthyroidism. The tinnitus disappeared by controlling the condition. Even when the causes are benign and the available treatments may carry risks, the patients should not be left unmanaged. Symptomatic treatment should be given, such as counseling, sound therapy, and palliative management. Our long-term observation indicated that overall outcomes are positive when the etiologies are identified early and managed properly.
Association between gallstone disease and ischemic stroke in Korea
Authors: Gill Eun Sun , Jeong Young Jin , Lee Junyong
Published: January 2022

Background & Objectives: In Korea, stroke incidence is projected to rise due to the rapid aging of the Korean population. Additionally, gallstone disease incidence is increasing in Korea, due to dietary and westernized lifestyle. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between gallstone disease and ischemic stroke in Korea.
Methods: We included 566 patients aged 40‒89 years who underwent abdominal ultrasound or abdominal computed tomography at the VHS Medical Center between January 2008 and December 2010. Patient records were reviewed for the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, obstructive coronary artery disease, and smoking history. The associations between risk factors, including gallstone disease, and ischemic stroke were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square tests. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with age, sex, smoking history, hypertension, obstructive coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation as covariates.
Results: Age, sex, hypertension, obstructive coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and smoking history were identified as significant risk factors for ischemic stroke (p-value < 0.05). Gallstone disease demonstrated an unadjusted odds ratio for ischemic stroke of 2.171 (95% confidence interval, 1.264‒3.729); after adjustment for risk factors, the odds ratio was 2.015 (95% confidence interval, 1.151‒3.528).
Conclusion: In Korean patients, gallstone disease and ischemic stroke are correlated. Despite an unclear causality, the risk for ischemic stroke is significantly increased in patients with gallstone disease, even after adjusting for various confounders. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of ischemic stroke in patients with gallstone disease, and should manage and educate patients accordingly.
Complementary and alternative medicine usage amongst multiple sclerosis patients in Iran
Authors: Ranjbar Aliyeh , Daneshfard Babak , Izadi Sadegh
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) usage amongst multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Iran and to evaluate the perceived effectiveness.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 194 patients with MS at the neurology clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences by a semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: The prevalence of CAM usage was 67.9%. Herbal medicine was the most common CAM used among the patients (64.2%). Cupping therapy, relaxation therapies, acupuncture, leech therapy were the other common CAM modalities used. Although less commonly used, yoga had the highest perceived effectiveness.
Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of CAM usage, physicians should inform their patients about the advantages and disadvantages of CAM so as to help the patients make an informed choice.
An overview of the activation functions used in deep learning algorithms
Authors: KILIÇARSLAN Serhat , ADEM Kemal , ÇELİK Mete
Published: January 2022

In deep learning models, the inputs to the network are processed using activation functions to generate the output corresponding to these inputs. Deep learning models are of particular importance in analyzing big data with numerous parameters and forecasting and are useful for image processing, natural language processing, object recognition, and financial forecasting. Also, in deep learning algorithms, activation functions have been developed by taking into account features such as performing the learning process in a healthy way, preventing excessive learning, increasing the accuracy performance, and reducing the computational cost. In this study, we present an overview of common and current activation functions used in deep learning algorithms. In the study, fixed and trainable activation functions are introduced. As fixed activation functions, sigmoid, hyperbolic tangent, ReLU, softplus and swish, and as trainable activation functions, LReLU, ELU, SELU and RSigELU are introduced.
A study on radiation shielding potentials of green and red clayey soils in Turkey reinforced with marble dust and waste tire
Authors: AYGUN Zeynep , AYGÜN Murat , YARBAŞI Necmi
Published: January 2022

The increasing radiation applications in our daily life makes it essential to protect ourselves from the harms of radiation by using alternative, cheap and natural materials. The present study aimed to analyze the radiation shielding abilities of green and red clayey soils from Oltu/Erzurum in Turkey, reinforced with waste tires and marble dust. For the purpose to investigate the shielding features of the samples, radiation attenuation parameters were determined by using EpiXS software, which can calculate partial or total cross-sections, partial or total mass attenuation coefficients, electron densities, effective atomic numbers, and buildup factors for energy absorption and exposure between 1keV and 1GeV. We compared the obtained mass attenuation coefficients and total atomic cross-section values of the samples with those of a widely used shielding material, ordinary concrete, to make a meaningful evaluation about the shielding potentials of the samples. To validate obtained values by EpiXS, we also calculated the mass attenuation coefficients of the samples by XCOM code, and compatible results were obtained. Among all the studied clayey soil samples, green clay reinforced with marble dust and waste tire has the highest shielding capability. It can also be mentioned that reinforcement with marble dust and waste tire improves the shielding ability of the clayey soils.
Clinical Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Malaysia: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Garba Bashiru , Moussa Ayan Aden
Published: January 2022

Leptospirosis is a neglected emerging zoonosis occurring both in urban environments and rural regions worldwide. During occupational and recreational activities, individuals who directly or indirectly contact the urine of infected animals are at a high risk of infection. Southeast Asia is reported to have the highest incidence of leptospirosis in the world. The disease is endemic in Malaysia and has consistently caused outbreaks among humans with severe outcomes. Early diagnosis is vital for commence treatment thereby minimizing the harmful effects of the disease. It also allows the implementation of measures to control the spread to humans and the environment. In this article, an attempt was made to review the current diagnostic methods including challenges faced by healthcare service providers during the diagnosis of acute cases, as well as the emerging technologies used for early and accurate diagnosis. The review also highlighted innovative ideas that can be integrated into developing practical solutions, including the crucial roles of the patients, reservoir hosts, and the environments that harbor the bacteria.
Efficient Automated Detection and Segmentation of Medium and Large Liver Tumors: CAD Approach
Authors: Kubota Toshiro
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present a fully automated system that detects and segments potential liver cancer tumors from a thin slice CT data. The system is targeted toward a tumor whose volume is larger than
1 cm^3
1cm3, and is efficient as the average computation time per volume in our experiment is roughly 3.5 minutes.

The system first reduces the volume size by 4x4x4 to reduce the computation and memory requirements. It then detects candidate locations as local minima of the intensity fields after a variant of textit{elastic quadratic} smoothing. It then provides a rough segmentation at each candidate by fitting a plane at sampled points near the periphery of the concave region in the intensity profiles. The rough segmentation is used to estimate the range of intensity values in the tumor, which is used to obtain a more accurate segmentation by a method originally developed for pulmonary nodules. The result of the second segmentation is interpolated at the resolution of the original data.

The development of the system is a part of the 2008 3D Segmentation in the Clinic: A Grand Challenge competition. Four CT volumes containing 10 tumors were used for the development of the algorithm. Additional six CT volumes containing 10 tumors were used to test the segmentation performance.
HL7 CCD - Clinical Interoperability to Improve Quality and the Point-of-Care of EHR
Authors: Patel Gunjan
Published: January 2022

We think about interoperability only in today’s terms. Looking ahead, the demands that future technologies will make on health information exchange could be large, as could the health because of interoperability. This paper would present the description on Healthcare Information System organizations and communities as a standard to underpin clinical information exchange. A number of signiﬁcant problems results are directly from the way the computable entries in clinical documents exchange represented currently. In this paper, the information exchange with other system and also supporting communication of electronic healthcare records across organization boundaries. The CCD is an XML-based specification for exchange of clinical summary information. The HL7 Reference Information Models expressed in the Clinical Document Architecture Release 2 (CDA R2), an information exchange specification generic to any type of clinical information. Hence, the patient’s health information is easily communicated points of care and improves quality services.
An Integrated Computer-Aided Robotic System for Dental Implantation
Authors: Sun Xiaoyan , Yoon Yongki , Li Jiang , McKenzie Frederic D.
Published: January 2022

This paper describes an integrated system for dental implantation including both preoperative planning utilizing computer-aided technology and automatic robot operation during the intra-operative stage. A novel two-step registration procedure was applied for transforming the preoperative plan to the operation of the robot, with the help of a Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM). Experiments with a patient-specific phantom were carried out to evaluate the registration error for both position and orientation. After adopting several improvements, registration accuracy of the system was significantly improved. Sub-millimeter accuracy with the Target Registration Errors (TREs) of 0.38±0.16 mm (N=5) was achieved. The target orientation errors after registration and after phantom drilling were 0.92±0.16 ° (N=5) and 1.99±1.27 ° (N=14), respectively. These results permit the ultimate goal of an automated robotic system for dental implantation.
OpenIGTLink Protocol Version 2
Authors: Tokuda Junichi , Hata Nobuhiko
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we review the technical details of new features in OpenIGTLink version 2. OpenIGTLink is a free open-source network communication protocol designed for data exchange among devices and software. Since the first release of version 1.0 protocol along with a reference C/C++ library in 2008, the number of developers and users, who use OpenIGTLink in their research projects, have been growing among convincing some commercial companies to implement research interface based on OpenIGTLink their commercial products. However, the message types initially defined for research prototypes does not cover some of functionality in commercial products, thus the protocol needed to be requires refinement in the protocol. The goal of the extension in version 2 is to support such new demands emerged after the release of the initial version, while keeping the protocol as simple as possible. The version 2 protocol has been implemented as an extension of version 1; it is backward compatible in the sense that messages generated by OpenIGTLink version 2 compliant software can be received by version 1 compliant software.
Fully Automatic Segmentation of Head and Neck Organs using Active Appearance Models
Authors: Mannion-Haworth Richard , Bowes Mike , Ashman Annaliese , Guillard Gwenael , Brett Alan , Vincent Graham
Published: January 2022

We present a fully automatic model based system for segmenting the mandible, parotid and submandibular glands, brainstem, optic nerves and the optic chiasm in CT images, which won the MICCAI 2015 Head and Neck Auto Segmentation Grand Challenge. The method is based on Active Appearance Models (AAM) built from manually segmented examples via a cancer imaging archive provided by the challenge organisers. High quality anatomical correspondences for the models are generated using a Minimum Description Length (MDL) Groupwise Image Registration method. A multi start optimisation scheme is used to robustly match the model to new images. The model has been cross validated on the training data to a good degree of accuracy, and successfully segmented all the test data.
Multi Atlas Segmentation with Active Shape Model Refinement for Multi-Organ Segmentation in Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy Planning
Authors: Albrecht Thomas , Gass Tobias , Langguth Christoph , Lüthi Marcel
Published: January 2022

We describe a segmentation method that was used in the Head and Neck Auto Segmentation Challenge held at the MICCAI 2015 conference. The algorithm consists of two building blocks. First, we employ a multi-atlas segmentation to obtain an initial segmentation for the considered organs at risk. Secondly, we use an Active Shape Model (ASM) segmentation to refine the initial segmentation of some of the organs. Leave-one-out experiments with the training data were used to determine suitable parameters for the individual steps of the segmentation. The ASM refinement resulted in improved segmentation for the optic nerves and submandibular glands, while for the brain stem, parotid glands, chiasm, and mandibular bone, the multi-atlas segmentation was preferable. Our submission achieved the second rank in the challenge.
Cardiac Motion Recovery by Coupling an Electromechanical Model and Cine-MRI Data: First Steps
Authors: Billet Florence , Sermesant Maxime , Delingette Herv� , Ayache Nicholas
Published: January 2022

We present a framework for cardiac motion recovery using the adjustment of an electromechanical model of the heart to cine Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI). This approach is based on a constrained minimisation of an energy coupling the model and the data. Our method can be seen as a data assimilation of a dynamic system that allows us to weight appropriately the confidence in the model and the confidence in the data. After a short overview of the electromechanical model of the ventricles, we describe the processing of cine MR images and the methodology for motion recovery. Then, we compare this method to the methodology used in data assimilation. Presented results on motion recovery from given cine-MRI are very promising. In particular, we show that our coupling approach allows us to recover some tangential component of the ventricles motion which cannot be obtained from classical geometrical tracking approaches due to the aperture problem.
MisoSR: Medical Image Isotropic Super-Resolution Reconstruction
Authors: Van reeth Eric , Soujanya Geetha , Sdika Michaël , Cervenansky Frédéric , Poh Chueh Loo
Published: January 2022

Isotropic volumetric acquisition in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is often challenging. A large number of factors such as patient or physiological motion, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), available static magnetic field B0 and total scanning time limit the acquired resolution. Super-resolution (SR) is a post-processing tech- nique that optimally combines several anisotropic scans into a single isotropic volume that was not - or could not be - acquired in practice. If necessary conditions are met, the resulting isotropic volume offers clear improvements over the initial acquisitions such as reduced partial volume effect, oblique visualization and improved sharpness and SNR. This paper details the misoSR implementation of a SR isotropicreconstruction algorithm using the Insight Toolkit Library (ITK) library. It is a generic implementation that reconstructs an isotropic volume from any number of anisotropic volumes acquired from any orientation. The algorithm takes advantage of the inputs header information to handle the different scans properties such as field of view (FOV), resolution parameters and orientation. Step by step details on the implementation are given, parameters are individually detailed, and results are shown on different applications as an example of SR reconstruction. The algorithm is hosted on the Creatis Virtual Imaging Platform (VIP), which allows users to run misoSR without having to install the software on their system.
A role-based component architecture for computer assisted interventions: illustration for electromagnetic tracking and robotized motion rejection in flexible endoscopy
Authors: Fasquel Jean-baptiste , Chabre Guillaume , Zanne Philippe , Nicolau Stéphane , Agnus Vincent , Soler Luc , De Mathelin Michel , Marescaux Jacques
Published: January 2022

This paper presents an original role-based software architecture facilitating the flexible composition, configuration and collaboration of separated components in the field of computer assisted interventions. Roles, which can be seen as methods dynamically attached to objects, are embedded in components, to limit build level dependencies and improve flexibility. An appropriate component definition and composition language is proposed to declare softwares, without any specific initialization or glue code, this remaining a challenging issue in component oriented programming. The potential of this architecture is illustrated for a software coupling electromagnetic tracking with a robotized system dedicated to the physiological motion rejection in flexible endoscopy. This software consists in several independent components with are combined at runtime thanks to a concise XML-based declaration.
3D Slicer Based Surgical Robot Console System
Authors: Yamada Atsushi , Nishibori Kento , Hayashi Yuichiro , Tokuda Junichi , Hata Nobuhiko , Chinzei Kiyoyuki , Fujimoto Hideo
Published: January 2022

This document describes the surgical robot console system based on 3D Slicer for image-guided surgery. Considering the image-guided surgery, since image workstations have complex User Interface (UI) and extra functions, it is supposed that such UI is not suitable for surgeon who is the robot operator. The proposed robot console is designed as a simple UI for the robot operator, which can display the endoscopic video image, the sensor data, the robot status and simple images for guiding the surgery. Therefore, we expect that the surgeon can concentrate on the operation itself by utilizing the robot console. On the other hand, since the robot console system is based on 3D Slicer, the robot console can use the abundant image operation functions. Moreover, it can use the flexibility of tool connectivities by using the OpenIGTLink protocol. In addition, since the video image is captured by using the multifunctional library OpenCV , we can expect the extensibility about the function of the proposed system.
Comparison of Displacement-Based and Force-Based Mapped Meshing
Authors: Magnotta Vincent , Li Wen , Grosland Nicole
Published: January 2022

The finite element (FE) method is a powerful tool for the study of biomechanics. One of the limiting factors in transitioning this tool into the clinic is the time required to generate high quality meshes for analysis. Previously, we developed a mapped meshing technique that utilized force control and a finite element solver to warp a template mesh onto subject specific surfaces. This paper describes a displacement based method that directly warps the template mesh onto subject specific surfaces using distance as the driving measure for the deformable registration. The resulting meshes were evaluated for mesh quality and compared to the force based method. An initial evaluation was performed using a mathematical phantom. The algorithm was then applied to generate meshes for the phalanx bones of the human hand. The algorithm successfully mapped the template bone to all of the bony surfaces, with the exception of the distal phalanx bone. In this one case, significant differences existed between the geometries of the template mesh and the distal phalanx. Further refinement of the algorithm may allow the algorithm to successfully generate meshes even in the presence of large geometric shape differences.
Diurnal variation of cloudiness during southwest monsoon season using I NSAT-IB radiance data
Authors: RAO A. V. R. K. , RAO V. R
Published: January 2022

An attempt has been made to study the diurnal variation of convective clouds. For this study 3 hourly full resolution infrared data of INSAT-IB have been used for the monsoon season (Jun-Sep) of 1987-89. The area of study extends from 35°N to 25°S and 40oE to l00oE, which is subdivided into small areas of 2.5x 2.5 Lat./Long. Mean temperature and the fractional area covered by clouds colder than a given threshold temperature over each sub area are the parameters used for this study. Two threshold temperatures. namely 265°K & 235oK are chosen to represent convective clouds and deep convective clouds respectively. Using the three hourly observations, times of maximum and minimum convective activity are also obtained. Maximum convective activity is observed over head Bay of Bengal at about noon and this maximum migrates westward onto land till midnight and swings back to oceanic area by morning. This eastwest oscillation is less over equatorial regions (open ocean).
New software package for archival of synoptic And upper air meteorological data
Authors: SINGH DHANNA , GOYAL SUMAN
Published: January 2022

The functions of a software package of 6 programmes developed for retrieving, decoding quality control and formatting of surface and upper air coded data have been presented here in brief. Intelligent use has been made of Fortran- 77 fact1ltles to make these programmes extremely efficient. Global data for surface and upper air received on GTS for an entire day is sorted, decoded & formatted after quality control in about three and a half minutes (CPU time) on VAX 8810 system.

 

The programmes do the management of files and can also be used for decoding the monthly data files of hard copy data. For coding of data, FGGE code has been used with very minor modifications. The results of quality control checks and number of reports received hour wise for each synoptic hour for each WMO block are monitored. Information from both is displayed on the terminal in tabular form and also recorded in disk for monthly archival.
Analysis of rainfall data for water management In dry land zone of Karnataka
Authors: Adhikari R. N. , RAO M. S. RAMA MOHAN , RAO P. BHASKAR
Published: January 2022

Bellary region is characterized as one of the semi-arid zones of Karnataka, having only 508  mm of annual rainfall distributed over 35 rainy days. The ill-distribution of rainfall creates at least 5 drought years in every decade. The average rainfa1l distribution shows that there is a total failure in Kharif  season. However, some assured  rainfall  received during September and October a better prospect which assumes for rabi season .This  problem can be overcome to. certain extent by scientific management of crops and water. This calls for detailed analysis of any Important water resources Issues. Keeping this mind, an attempt made in this paper to analysis short and long period rainfall data. The probabilities analysis of. rainfall for shorter periods  for identification of suitable periods for sowing, return period analysis for designing of soil and water  conservation structures and determining the size of storage structures, the identification of number of Various rainfall events for designing water harvesting system for crop and water management are carried out and presented in this paper.
Influence of cyclonic disturbances from sea on rainfall over Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: RAO C. POORNACHANDRA , RAO P.V. Rama
Published: January 2022

Using data of 84 Years, the influence of depressions and cyclonic storms on the rainfall over Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh is studied. The portions of the Ghats, which receive heavy rains due to a depression or cyclonic storm are identified and the rainfall distribution in corresponding months is studied.

 

 The results show that the depressions/cyclonic storms crossing not only the coastal parts of AndhraPradesh but also those of south Orissa north and TamilNadu can cause heavy rain over the Ghats in Andhra Pradesh.
A six level automatic soil temperature measuring system
Authors: PJLLAI J.S. , SAXENA SANGEETA , VERNEKAR K. G.
Published: January 2022

An automatic soil temperature measuring equipment is developed using four terminal thermistors. The output voltages from the six levels, i.e., 10 cm above soil surface, soil surface and 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm and 60 cm below the soil surface, are amplified and their multiplexed output is recorded on a chart recorder. The equipment is tested in the field and continuous observations are taken during May 1991. Temperature profiles for different hours of the day are plotted and diurnal variations of all levels are also discussed. An attempt is made to evaluate the damping depth and thence the thermal conductivity and soil heat flux.
Net terrestrial radiant flux in the vertical over Pune
Authors: JAYARAMAN K. , CHAKRABORTY D.D. , BHAGWAT S.P.
Published: January 2022

The terrestrial radiant fluxes are being measured regularly at Pune using a balloon-borne radiometersonde. The net terrestrial radiant fluxes obtained from these measurements over a decade have been studied and results presented. The net terrestrial radiant flux increases with height and reaches a maximum around 12 km and then the rate of increase slows down near tropopause. In the lower stratosphere the fluxes again Increase before reaching a nearly steady value at around 25 km. The clouds and rainfall distributions seriously distort the radiation field.
Long range forecasting parameters vis-a-vis sub-divisional summer rainfall over India
Authors: SINGH S.S. , DATAR S.V. , SRIVASTAVA H.N.
Published: January 2022

Interannual variability of Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) based upon regional/global parameters, associated with the summer monsoon rainfall over different meteorological sub-divisions of the country have been discussed, based upon the data during the years 1958 to 1990 enabling us to identify three broad  sub-divisions of the country.

 

It was interesting to note that the first empirical orthogonal function did not show significant correlation with monsoon rainfall over most SUB-DIVISIONS of the NE and SE parts of the country. However, this EOF was found to be significantly correlated with the rainfall over the remaining meteorological sub-divisions of the country.
Dispersion climatology for Patna and Gaya
Authors: RAI BIJENDRA
Published: January 2022

The present study aims at seasonal and diurnal pollution potential around Patna, the capital region of Bihar and Gaya. To assess the pollution potential, meteorological data of two stations, VIZ., Patna and the neighbouring station Gaya for five year period (1984-88) have been analysed; The analysis has been done for four representative seasonal months, viz., winter (January), pre-monsoon (April), monsoon (August) and post-monsoon (October).

 

The analysis shows no stable conditions in the day time and no unstable condition in the  night time in each month. April shows higher frequency and January the lowest frequencies of unstable conditions. April  has the highest mixing height and ventilation coefficient. From the results it has been concluded that day time is suitable for good dispersion in all the months. In the ca5e of existing industries, emission must be lessened during night time and particularly in the winter months. These results also suggest that pollutants are well dispersed in April and August. January and August may be regarded as the worst months for vertical diffusion of contaminants. As the predominant surface winds are easterly, any new Industrial set up should be in the west of the city in order to minimise the effects of pollutants.
Four-way electronic switch for tracking balloon borne transmitter using sequential lobe switching
Authors: SRIVASTAV S. K. , BINDRA S. K. , BHARDWAJ M. P.
Published: January 2022

The tracking of meteorological balloons using dipole matrix array antenna by sequential lobe switching with the help of a motor driven mechanical UHF phasing switch had been in operational use in our national upper air network from last 25 years. A solid state four-way electronic switch at 400 MHz using high conductance-high speed switching diodes has been designed to replace the aged motor driven mechanical phasing switch. Microstripline technique has been used in designing UHF switch to achieve proper impedance, matching, routing and addition of UHF signals received from the four antenna bays. For sequential switching of antenna array and synchronisation of data reception and display system the intelligence is generated by a compact logic in-built in the phasing switch. Unlike, mechanical switch, the present system has no switching  noise and has low insertion loss (2 dB), thus improving the data acquisition capability of ground reception system. The design of switch is modular, light weight and highly rugged to suit all types of environmental conditions.
Low level wind shear over Bomba airport
Authors: KUMAR SURENDRA , PATKAR P.V.
Published: January 2022

Significant climatological features based on 329 Low Level Wind Shear (LLWS) reports from 1985 to 1989 at Bombay airport are presented, The monsoon season has the highest frequency of occurrence of LLWS mainly due to thunderstorms and strong gusty winds, Other than monsoon season, occurrence of LLWS is related to sea and land breeze and nocturnal increase of surface temperature during night. The preferred time of occurrence of LLWS is between 0000 to 0600 IST and 1800 to 240J IST. The simultaneous occurrence of strong and severe LL WS, low cloud ceiling and very poor visibility has an adverse effect on aircraft operations at Bombay airport during landing and take-off.
A diagnostic analysis of MONEX-1979 onset vortex over the Arabian Sea
Authors: SAHA KSHUDIRAM , SAHA R SURANJANA
Published: January 2022

Based on MONEX-,1979 data over the Arabian Sea, the paper analyses observationally the structure, development and movement of a vortex which formed during onset of the monsoon around mid-June near the coast of Kerala developed into a cyclonic storm at mid-sea and moved towards the coast of Oman to die out there Heat budget computations bring out the differential behaviour of the different quadrants of the disturbance and appear to highlight the contrasting features between the northwestern and the other quadrants in regard to vertical. distributions of diabatic heating, local temperature tendency thermal advection and adiabatic heating or cooling. The study reveals an interaction of the vortex with two eastward-propagating subtropical westerly troughs which might have contributed significantly to its explosive development (decay) through warm (cold) advection. Both barotropic and baroclinic energy conversions appear to supply energy to the storm; though there appears to be a dominance of one over the other at different stages of development and at different heights. It seems likely that condensation heating also contributed to development of the storm.