bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probing Blazar Emission Processes with Optical/Gamma-Ray Flare Correlations
Authors: Liodakis Ioannis , Romani Roger W. , Filippenko Alexei V. , Kocevski Daniel , Zheng WeiKang
Published: July 2019

Even with several thousand Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) blazar detections, the γ-ray emission mechanism is poorly understood. We explore correlated optical/γ-ray flux variations for 178 Fermi-LAT blazars regularly monitored by the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, the Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System, and the Steward Observatory. Out of the 178 sources, 121 show a measurable (>1σ) discrete correlation function peak. Using the derived time lags and Bayesian block light-curve decompositions, we measure the fraction of common and orphan flares between the two bands. After accounting for sampling and sensitivity limitations we quantify for the first time the true orphan flare rates of optical and γ-ray flares: 54.5% of optical and 20% of γ-ray flares are orphan events. Both the intraband temporal relation and the small orphan γ-ray flare fraction point toward leptonic processes as the likely mechanisms for the high-energy emission. Motivated to discriminate between synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) and external-Compton dominance in individual sources, we use the flux–flux variations to determine the slope m of the log f
opt–log f

γ
dependence. The slope distribution suggests a bimodal population with high and intermediate synchrotron peak objects showing larger m than low synchrotron peak objects. We find that m is naturally decreased through pollution from the orphan (typically optical) flares and develop a method to statistically recover, given the sources’ measured orphan flare rate, the intrinsic m. While source classes show composite behavior, the majority of BL Lac objects favor m = 2, indicating an SSC origin for the γ-rays. No preference for either m is found in flat spectrum radio quasars.
Porphyromonas gingivalis in dental plaque and serum C-reactive protein levels in pregnancy
Authors: Souccar Nada M. , Chakhtoura Marita , Ghafari Joseph G. , Abdelnoor Alexander Michael
Published: July 2019

Background: The periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) has been reported as a risk factor for preterm labour. Its pathogenesis and role in pregnancy have not been investigated in Lebanon. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in pregnant women with periodontitis also appear to mediate preterm labour. Methodology: The study included 20 pregnant women with periodontitis and 20 with normal periodontium. PCR was done for Pg detection in oral plaque and vaginal samples. Serum CRP levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Pg was detected in the oral plaque of 13 of 20 pregnant subjects with clinical periodontitis (patients) and 2 of 20 controls with a healthy periodontium. Vaginal swabs were all Pg-negative, ruling out systemic infection. Serum CRP levels were elevated in 12 of 20 patients and 8 of 20 controls. None of the participants experienced preterm labour. Conclusions: This is the first report that implicates Pg in Lebanese periodontitis patients. Preliminary results do not indicate a relationship among Pg, periodontitis, CRP levels and preterm labour.
Anti-ceramide antibodies in leprosy: marker for nerve damage?
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Singh Bhawna , Ray Prakash
Published: July 2019

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease primarily affecting the peripheral nervous system and skin. Multibacillary leprosy is associated with nerve damage which could contribute to myelin alteration. As ceramide is a constituent of myelin sheath, the present study aimed to compare anti-ceramide antibody titre in paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy patients with controls. Methodology: Serum levels of anti-ceramide antibody were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 50 leprosy patients (25 paucibacillary and 25 multibacillary) and 25 healthy controls. Results were reported in OD units as mean ± SD and analyzed by Chi square test (significance at p < 0.05). Results: Patients suffering from multibacillary leprosy had significantly higher anti-ceramide antibody serum levels compared to paucibacillary leprosy patients and healthy controls (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Since nerve damage is the most debilitating effect of leprosy, the search for a serum marker for assessing nerve damage is required in countries where leprosy is still widespread. In multibacillary leprosy patients, the role of anti-ceramide antibody as a marker for nerve damage should be explored.
Giardia lamblia infection is associated with lower body mass index values
Authors: Duran Carmen , Hidalgo Glida , Aguilera William , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Albano Carlos , Cortez Jackeline , Jimenez Sara , Diaz Marietta , Incani Renzo Nino
Published: July 2019

This item has no abstract. Follow the links below to access the full text.
South American Nothochrysinae (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae): II. Redescription of Leptochrysa prisca Adams & Penny
Authors: Tauber Catherine A.
Published: July 2019

Leptochrysa Adams & Penny is one of four genera of Nothochrysinae recorded from the New World. Previously, this genus and its only described species, Leptochrysaprisca Adams & Penny, were known from a single female specimen that is discolored and damaged by fungal infestation. Thus, accurate information on the taxon was limited mostly to the wings and some other external features. Here, I describe a recently collected, second female specimen with the goal of providing images of the adult coloration and elucidating characters (especially the female genitalia) that were unavailable earlier. Some variation between the two known specimens is also noted and used in interpreting venation characters. Finally, comparisons are made with other extant genera pertaining to the placement of the species within Chrysopidae.
Is there an interlanguage intelligibility benefit in perception of English word stress?
Authors: Almbark Rana , Bouchhioua Nadia , Hellmuth Sam
Published: July 2019

This paper asks whether there is an ‘interlanguage intelligibility benefit’ in perception of word-stress, as has been reported for global sentence recognition. L1 English listeners, and L2 English listeners who are L1 speakers of Arabic dialects from Jordan and Egypt, performed a binary forced-choice identification task on English near-minimal pairs (such as[ˈɒbdʒɛkt] ~ [əbˈdʒɛkt]) produced by an L1 English speaker, and two L2 English speakers from Jordan and Egypt respectively. The results show an overall advantage for L1 English listeners, which replicates the findings of an earlier study for general sentence recognition, and which is also consistent with earlier findings that L1 listeners rely more on structural knowledge than on acoustic cues in stress perception. Non-target-like L2 productions of words with final stress (which are primarily cued in L1 production by vowel reduction in the initial unstressed syllable) were less accurately recognized by L1 English listeners than by L2 listeners, but there was no evidence of a generalized advantage for L2 listeners in response to other L2 stimuli.
Wettability Behavior of Ti6Al4V Electron Beam Melted Surfaces
Authors: Franchitti Stefania , Borrelli Rosario , Pirozzi Carmine , Ferrigno Angela
Published: July 2019

The contribution of the present work is to experimentally evaluate the wettability of Ti6Al4V solid surfaces manufactured via Electron Beam Melting (EBM), an innovative Additive Manufacturing (AM) process. The wettability behavior was quantified via goniometer, measuring the contact angle between a carefully deposited liquid drop (distilled water) and suitable solid surfaces. In order to study the influence of orientation and location in the build chamber on such properties several specimens were EBM manufactured with different growing direction.
Biomineralization of Titanium Alloy with Surface Micro - and Nanoscaled Modifications
Authors: Nikolova Maria P. , Valkov Stefan , Parshorov Stoyan , Yankov Emil , Petrov Peter
Published: July 2019

The aim of the present study was to characterize two kinds of TiN/TiO2 coatings in terms of topography, composition, and electrochemical stability after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). Micropatterning of the substrate (Ti-5Al-4V alloy) was done by using electron beam modification (EBM) by scanning electron beam while nanostructured TiN/TiO2 films were deposited over EBM Ti5Al4V substrates using two physical vapor deposition techniques: 1) magnetron sputtering, and 2) cathodic arc and glow-discharge methods. When immersed for 7 and 14 days in SBF at static conditions (37±0.05 °C, pH 7.4), Ca/P ratio of the apatite deposits increased from approximately 1.5 up to near stoichiometric (1.67), respectively. After the initial decrease, the pH of the solution during soaking increased gradually reaching values close to 7.7 for both coatings. However, the weight gain of the samples with Arc coatings after the immersion period in SBF was nearly three times more than those with magnetron deposited coating. The electrochemical potentiodynamic tests performed in SBF indicated a shift in the corrosion potentials towards nobler direction after 7 and 14 days of immersion compared to non-immersed samples, whereas the corrosion current density was slightly increased.
Corrosion Wastage Models for Steel Structures: Literature Review and a New Interpretative Formulation for Wrought Iron Alloys
Authors: di Lorenzo Gianmaria , Rizzo Fabio , Formisano Antonio , Landolfo Raffaele , Guastaferro Antonio
Published: July 2019

Damage due to atmospheric corrosion on metal structures is a significant aspect for both the design of new constructions and the maintenance of existing buildings. The paper discusses the corrosion depth trends for steel structures comparing an experimental campaign of measurements, given by Fratesi in 2002, with literature 2nd level models calibrated from experiments on immersed elements, literature models based on testing in atmosphere and standard codes (i.e. EN ISO 9224 and EN 12500). Results show a significant variability of values using different models and codes. In addition, the paper underlines that literature studies and codes neglect specific models for nineteenth-century “wrought iron” constructions, that are very sensitive to corrosion phenomena. Based on this, the paper discusses results obtained by a new interpretative model developed by authors for the prediction of corrosion depth on wrought iron structures.
Surface Modification of Titanium Implants
Authors: Tkachuk Oleh , Pohrelyuk Iryna , Proskurnyak Roman
Published: July 2019

The influence of nitriding temperature (900 and 850°C) and partial pressure of nitrogen (105 and 1 Pa) on morphology and phase structural state of modified surface layers of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) was determined. It was shown that nitrided titanium provided much better anti-corrosion protection than nitrided Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and its corrosion resistance increased with decreasing nitriding temperature and partial pressure of nitrogen.
Laser Surface Treatment of Sintered Stainless Steels for Wear Resistance Enhancement
Authors: Brytan Zbigniew , Pakieła Wojciech
Published: July 2019

In the present study, sintered austenitic stainless steel type 316L was laser surface alloyed with Inconel 625 powder by the fibre optic laser. The Inconel 625 spheroidal powder of grain size 60-150 μm was introduced by the coaxial feeding head directly to the liquid metal, during laser surface alloying. The process parameters were selected to melt and fully dissolve alloying powder into the alloyed surface. As a result of laser alloying, the porosity of sintered stainless steel was eliminated, a uniform distribution of nickel and molybdenum in the entire alloyed zone was obtained. The alloyed surface shows fully austenitic microstructure of 17%Cr, 18%Ni, 3%Mo. The superficial hardness, microhardness and surface wear resistance were significantly improved in respect to an untreated substrate material. The presented technique of laser surface alloying can be easily applied for sintered austenitic stainless steel components where selected component surfaces require an improved surface performance.
Enhanced Durability of Graphene-Based Epoxy Films
Authors: Naddeo Carlo , Guadagno Liberata , Pantani Roberto , Speranza Vito , Acquesta Annalisa , Monetta Tullio
Published: July 2019

Graphene-based nanoparticles are suitable to enhance toughness related to impact, fracture and fatigue of epoxy nanocomposites to make them able to meet industrial requirements. The increase in the mechanical performance of graphene-based films is well known in the literature. This paper highlights an additional beneficial effect of graphene-based nanoparticles, which is related to the increase of the photooxidative resistance of polymeric films. Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) have been incorporated, at different weight percentages, in the epoxy films. Unfilled and nanofilled films (30 ± 1.5 μm thick) have been subjected to the accelerated photo-oxidative degradation by exposing them to UV-A radiation (295–380 nm). AFM-Harmonix modulus maps at the micro and nanoscale level have been detected to investigate the effect of graphene nanoparticle on the mechanical properties of untreated and UV treated unfilled and nanofilled samples. SEM analysis has been used to analyse the effect of graphene on morphological features of the film surface. UV irradiation determines relevant damages of the mechanical properties and morphological feature of the unfilled sample. The experiments carried out on the nanofilled films show that GNPs, dispersed in the epoxy-based films, determine a strong decrease in the entity of the damages of the film surfaces.
Effect of Fluoride Addition in Sulfuric Acid-Based Desmutting Solution for Aluminium Alloy AA8006
Authors: Carangelo Anna , Acquesta Annalisa , Bravaccino Francesco , Sinagra Ciro , Monetta Tullio
Published: July 2019

Aluminium alloys are covered spontaneously by a natural oxide layer, well adherent to the surface. For improving the material’s anticorrosion performance surface pre-treatments are needed in order to remove the superficial oxide and to prepare the alloy surface to subsequent treatments. The pre-treatment process involves several steps, including desmutting. The last requires the immersion of the part in an appropriate solution, typically composed of several chemicals, able to remove the oxide layer. In this work, the effect of the fluorides addition into a sulfuric acid-based solution, when used in a desmutting industrial process, was evaluated. Potentiodynamic curves, glow discharge optical emission spectrometry and contact angle techniques were used to characterize the surface of the aluminium alloy AA8006 after desmutting.
A Tribochemical Boost for Cu Based Lubricant Nano-Additive
Authors: Sarno Maria , Senatore Adolfo , Spina Domenico , Mustafa Waleed Ahmed Abdalglil
Published: July 2019

Waste cooking oils (WCOs) are widely considered in the scientific community as potential energy vector or source for bio-lubricants. This is because of the opportunity deriving from recycling and the difficulties in disposing of waste oils. Indeed, industrial plants for WCOs treatment include bio-refineries (bio-diesel, bio-lubricants, fine chemicals...) or simple recovery systems: the former ones assume triglycerides transformation into other compounds, according to the specific commercial destination; in the latter, triglycerides are preserved and the WCO is purified from by-products, formed during cooking process, in order to sell to the market. In an era scarred by CO2 and petroleum dependency, biodegradable products, offer many advantages. In this scenario, nanostructured additives, which are pointed out as the step forward in lubricant technology, can exploit WCOs’ derivatives for compatibilization or as reactive components allowing improvements in nanolubricant fluids. This paper proposes a Cu nanoparticle-based additive, properly surface functionalized and prepared through a “wet chemistry” approach, to be involved in tribochemical reaction with epoxidized vegetable oil. The idea was to promote the formation of tribofilm under contact, exploiting energy generated during the movement.
GTAW-Pulsed Refusion Patterns of NiCrBSi Thermal Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Miranda Alejandro Oscar , Svoboda Hernán Gabriel
Published: July 2019

NiCrBSi coatings were produce by Flame Spray on a carbon steel substrate. The “as spray” coatings were refused by means of Pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW-P) process, following different patterns and welding procedure, with objective of optimize the coating characteristics and productivity. The patterns evaluated were oscillated triangular (OT) and oscillated sinusoidal (OS). Travel speed and workpiece-electrode distance were also analyzed. On each obtained sample the surface appearance, macro and microstructure on transverse cuts were evaluated, determining penetration, dilution and level of defects, among others features. Microhardness profiles and adherence were also evaluated. The OS pattern show a more uniform profile of the refused thickness, with less dilution with the base material. Travel speed and workpiece-electrode distance have both significant effect on the volume of refused material, affecting dilution and consequently the resultant coating hardness.
Solar Selective Coating for Thermal Applications
Authors: D'Alessandro Carmine , de Maio Davide , de Luca Daniela , di Gennaro Emiliano , Gioffrè Mariano , Iodice Mario , Musto Marilena , Rotondo Giuseppe , Dalena Davide , Russo Roberto
Published: July 2019

We present the results obtained using Cr2O3 as selective absorbing layer on aluminium film substrate. The thin films were deposited by electron beam evaporation using a multiple crucible e-gun able to deposit 4 materials in sequence without breaking the vacuum. Optical characterization of the multilayer films is based on ellipsometry and hemispherical reflectivity. The complex refractive index has been determinate and it has been used to design a selective solar absorber with high absorptance.
Surface Plasma Nitriding of Beta-Titanium Alloy Bio-Material
Authors: Travessa Dilermando Nagle , da Silva Sobrinho Argemiro Soares , Jorge Júnior Alberto Moreira , Roche Virginie
Published: July 2019

Ti alloys have been intensely used for human implants due to its excellent characteristics, like bio-inertness, low density, and corrosion resistance. However, some alloying elements were found to be toxic for the human body, which restricts the use of some alloys. Furthermore, there are two additional and essential aspects to be considered. The first relates to the young modulus that, despite being lower than other alloys commonly used for this purpose, it is still far over from the human bone modulus. Such high modulus can result in the stress shield phenomena and the consequent implant losing. The second aspect relates to the fact that bio-inertness does not guarantee a complete tissue integration to the implant and, consequently, the expected implant performance. In this context, new low modulus b-Ti alloys containing nontoxic elements have been developed in recent years, and several surface modification processes have been proposed to promote better implant/tissue integration.In the present work, the new b-type Ti-Mo-Zr-Fe alloy has been submitted to a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process in order to form a superficial titanium nitride layer, aiming to produce a satisfactory substrate for the tissue cells growing. In a first step, microstructural characterization and corrosion performance of the modified alloy surface has been evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometry and Potentiodynamic testing, and the results compared to the unmodified alloy. It was found that during the plasma nitriding process, that runs at 550°C for 1h, the metastable b microstructure is partially converted into a’ and possibly a” phases, which can impact the young modulus. The 500nm thick TiN layer formed over the alloy surface improved the corrosion behavior of the alloy. These results encourage the continuity of the research, with the future in vitro bio-activity testing of the nitrided surface.
Mechanical and Chemical Characterization of Hard Anodized Cooker Grids Made in Al-Si Alloy
Authors: Scherillo Fabio , Marzocchi Vincenza , Squillace Antonino , Amendola Eugenio
Published: July 2019

In the present work the performances of hard anodized component in Al-Si alloy, used as cooker grids, are described in details. The components have been anodized in H2SO4 at low temperature (less than 0 °C) with a current of about 2.4/dm2 A for 70 min.The effect of the alloy microstructure on the quality of the anodized layer is evidentiated, particularly the Si rich intermetallics inside the metal have a detrimental effect on the performance of the oxidized layer.The components have been analyzed by means of nano-indentation to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the layer. The chemical performances have been studied using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in different solutions (0.05 M Na2SO4 and 0.01 M NaOH). The results obtained have been correlated with the microstructure of the alloy, furthermore all test have been done, for comparison, on Commercially Pure Aluminum anodized in the same conditions of the Al-Si components.The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the anodized layer of Al-Si components are lower to respect that of Commercially Pure Aluminum.On the contrary the chemical resistance of Al-Si anodized items result poor compared to Commercially Pure Aluminum, in particular the oxidized layer is subject to degradations due to the presence of Si rich inclusions.
An Easy Approach for Obtaining Superhydrophobic Surfaces and their Applications
Authors: Khaskhoussi Amani , Calabrese Luigi , Proverbio Edoardo
Published: July 2019

Three different methods were used to obtain nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces on aluminum alloys: short-term treatment with boiling water, HF/HCl and HNO3/HCl concentrated solution etching. Afterwards a thin octadecylsilane film was deposited on all pre-treated surfaces. The surface morphology analysis showed that each method allow to obtain a specific dual nano/micro-structure. The corresponding water contact angles ranged from 160° to nearly 180°. The adhesion force between the water droplets and superhydrophobic surfaces were evaluated. The specimen etched with HF/HCl acid mixture solution showed the lowest adhesion. However, the boiling water treatment sample was characterized by the highest adhesion. Furthermore, the relationship between hydrophobic behavior and surface morphology was discussed compressively. In addition, the electrochemical measurements show that the different superhydrophobic surfaces have an excellent anti-corrosion performance evidencing promising results suitable to obtain large-scale nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces for several industrial applications.
Influence of the Metallic Cold Spray Deposition on the Low-Velocity Impact Behaviour of Composite Laminates
Authors: Papa Ilaria , Russo Pietro , Astarita Antonello , Viscusi Antonio , Perna Alessia Serena , Carrino Luigi , Lopresto Valentina
Published: July 2019

Recently, the growing attraction to the development of new eco-sustainable composite materials is driving the research interest toward the replacement of synthetic reinforcing fibres with natural ones and exploiting the inherent recyclability of thermoplastic resins even for uses in which thermosetting matrices are well consolidated (e.g. naval and aeronautical fields). Among the natural fibres, a growing interest of the research is addressed to basalt fibres. Focusing the attention on thermoplastic composites, many experimental findings already available in literature highlight the outstanding mechanical properties of composite materials including basalt fibres and their potentiality concerning glass ones. On the other hand, some issues are related to the surface properties of the bio-laminates: in particular, the wear ones, the flame resistance and the aesthetic appearance have to be improved to extend the application fields of these materials. Aiming to these goals, this paper deals with the study of the deposition ofaluminium coating through cold spray process on polypropylene/basalt fabric composite laminates. The specimens were obtained by film stacking, and compression moulding technology and their performances were studied in terms of low-velocity impact behaviour, considering the influence of the surface modification with the aluminium coating. The results obtained from the reference laminates and the coated ones are compared in terms of impact parameters: the aluminium deposition seems to affect the damage mechanism propagation even if the impact response seems to be similar in both conditions.
Impact-Sliding Wear Behaviour of Nitrided H13 Steel Tool Steels
Authors: Akyıldız Ezgi , Altay Mert , Muhaffel Faiz , Özkurt Seçkin , Atar Erdem , Çimenoğlu Hüseyin
Published: July 2019

In the scope of this study, quenched and tempered H13 steel samples were subjected to conventional (CN) and low temperature (LTN) gas nitriding in a fluidized bed reactor. Structural examinations revealed that surfaces of the CN sample were covered with about 1-2 µm thick compound layer (CL) with an underlying ~30 µm thick nitrogen diffusion zone (NDZ), while outer surface of the LTN sample consisted of ~25 µm thick NDZ. The surface hardness values were measured as 1320 HV0.1for LTN sample and 1220 HV0.1for CN sample. Under impact sliding conditions, wear mechanisms of the CN and LTN samples were determined as “oxidation + fatigue” at RT and “plastic deformation” at 600 °C. As a general trend CN sample exhibited better impact sliding wear resistance compared to LTN sample both at RT and 600 °C.
Modification of the Mechanical Properties of Vitreous Enameled Aluminium Substrate Adding Graphene Flakes
Authors: Rossi Stefano , Gasparre Nicola , Fontanari Vigilio , Compagnoni Attilio
Published: July 2019

Vitreous enamel is a very interesting materials thanks to its glassy nature, which permits to obtain high protection against corrosion and fire. In addition, the smooth surface with an elevate hardness favors good abrasion resistance. However, a negative aspect of this kind of coating is the high brittleness, which limits the application in case of impulsive or high loads. The nucleation and propagation of cracks leads to the destruction of layer integrity with loss of properties. In recent years graphene has received increasing attention as toughening addictive for organic and metal coatings as well as composite materials. This work is a first attempt to evaluate if the addition of graphene in an enamel deposit can increase its mechanical properties. The graphene was mixed with the dry frit. A milling process was then carried out before producing the torbida. In this way the formation of graphene clusters and accumulations is prevented. The addition of 1% graphene has shown to be effective in the increase of mechanical properties without negative influence on the deposit microstructure.
Influence of Applied CrN+WC/C and WC/C Coatings on the Cavitation Wear Processes of Constructional Elements
Authors: Linek Tomasz , Tański Tomasz , Borek Wojciech
Published: July 2019

When designing the individual subassemblies of machines or entire devices one has to draw special attention to the resistance of the elements working there, to tribological damages (mechanical, fatigue, adhesion, abrasion, hydrogen and other damages) as well as to non-tribological damages (corrosion, diffusion, cavitation, erosion, ablation and others). The main purpose of this publication was to examine the influence of the applied CrN+WC/C and WC/C protective coating deposited by PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) method on the cavitation wear processes of construction elements working in difficult cavitation environment. Two steels were selected for detailed examinations in the conditions of cavitation wear. The first one is P265GH steel commonly used for pressure devices working at elevated temperatures, with a ferritic – pearlitic structure, and the other derives from a group of stainless steels, i.e. chromium – nickel X2CrNi18-9 (304L) steel with an austenitic structure. The tests results obtained allow to conclude that the application of special low – friction protective coatings allows to reduce costs associated with selection of engineering materials for a substrate of constructional elements working in a cavitation wear environment. P265GH steel is 4.5 times cheaper than austenitic chromium – nickel X2CrNi18-9 (304L) steel, and if a CrN+WC/C and WC/C coating is deposited in this case, this considerably extends the working time of such elements in a cavitation environment.
Experimental Study of Cold Sprayed Metallic Coatings on Thermoplastic Matrix Composites
Authors: Viscusi Antonio , Perna Alessia Serena , Astarita Antonello , Boccarusso Luca , Caraviello Antonio , Carrino Luigi , Della Gatta Roberta , Durante Massimo , Sansone Raffaele
Published: July 2019

In this research activity, the manufacturing of metallic coatings on polymer-based panels through the low pressure cold spray technique was studied. Aluminium particles were sprayed for the metallization and carbon fibre composite materials with thermoplastic matrix (PP, PA66) were used as substrates. Different deposition parameter combinations have been set to investigate the feasibility of the process; SEM analyses were carried out to study the coating surface morphology and the interface interaction between particle and substrate. The results showed that the CS process is an effective technique to create aluminium coatings on polymeric matrix composite materials: compact coatings can be obtained if the process parameters are properly set.
The Influence of Silicon Carbide Powders on the Enhancement of the Wear Resistance of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Formisano Antonio , Durante Massimo , Langella Antonio
Published: July 2019

In order to improve wear properties of thermosetting resins, potential solutions are the reduction of the adhesion between the counterparts and the improvement of their hardness, stiffness and compressive strength. These goals can be achieved with success by using appropriate inorganic fillers. Concerning this, the present work shows the possibility to increase the abrasive wear resistance of an epoxy resin filled with hard powder. The filling is made by silicon carbide powders in different content and with different particle sizes. Abrasive tests, performed by means of a pin on disc apparatus, highlight that the wear of plain and reinforced resins increases both with the contact pressure between the counterparts and the counterface roughness. Moreover, the wear resistance of the filled resins increases with the increase of content and dimensions of the filling particles.
Thoracic pain arising from cervical disorders - A case history
Authors: Musiker Judith
Published: July 2019

A case study is presented where a cervical disorder is responsible for thoracic symptoms. Maitland's differentiation tests become essential in clarifying which area of the spine is the source of the symptoms. The results of the treatment suggest that intermittent cervical traction may be helpful in cases of this nature.
Physiotherapy on the internet
Authors: Cohen Larry I.
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
Верхняя граница среднего минимума зависимых случайных величин с известным коэффициентом Кендалла
Authors: Lebedev Alexey Viktorovich
Published: July 2019

В работе изучается математическое ожидание минимума двух зависимых одинаково распределенных неотрицательных случайных величин с известным коэффициентом корреляции Кендалла. Для данной характеристики при некоторых условиях получена верхняя граница. Результат проиллюстрирован примерами. Задача может иметь приложения в теории надежности, теории массового обслуживания и финансовой математике.
Случайные отображения с объемами компонент из заданного множества
Authors: Timashev Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: July 2019

Рассматриваются однозначные отображения множества из $n$ занумерованных элементов в себя, граф каждого из которых имеет объемы компонент связности, принадлежащие заданному счетному множеству целых положительных чисел. Выведена асимптотическая оценка числа всех таких отображений при $n\to\infty$. В качестве гипотезы сформулированы достаточные условия сходимости распределения числа компонент в случайном равновероятном отображении указанного вида к нормальному закону (в локальном варианте). Рассмотрены частные случаи, в которых применима эта гипотеза, и выведены следствия из нее. Приведены условия сходимости распределения числа компонент заданного объема к пуассоновскому закону распределения.
The first exit time of fractional Brownian motion from a parabolic domain
Authors: Aurzada Frank , Lifshits Mikhail Anatolievich
Published: July 2019

Изучается момент первого выхода многомерного дробного броуновского движения из неограниченных областей. В частности, исследуется верхний хвост соответствующего распределения в случае, когда область имеет форму параболы.
La escalera imperial del Real Monasterio de San Miguel de los Reyes de Valencia (1601-1603): hipótesis de traza
Authors: López González Concepción , Marín Sánchez Rafael
Published: July 2019

Este artículo muestra los resultados del análisis gráfico realizado a la escalera imperial del Real Monasterio de San Miguel de los Reyes (Valencia), uno de los ejemplares más representativos del brillante episodio de la cantería valenciana de la Edad Moderna, para determinar su posible traza. Partiendo de un levantamiento mediante escáner láser 3D se ha constatado la existencia de un logrado método gráfico de diseño. El estudio ha considerado las operaciones que recomiendan los manuscritos del oficio y la tradición constructiva de sus predecesoras, las escaleras «de honor» de las casas nobles mediterráneas. Ello ha permitido consolidar una estrategia de análisis útil para el estudio de dicha variante constructiva, validar las propuestas de los tratadistas y confirmar la vigencia de las operaciones tardomedievales de control de la forma mediante curvas directrices.
Dibujos inéditos de Javier Feduchi para SEDI
Authors: Goñi Castañón Fco. Xabier , Jiménez Caballero Inmaculada
Published: July 2019

Este artículo presenta parte de la investigación llevada a cabo sobre algunos dibujos de arquitectura asociada al diseño industrial en España durante la década de los años 50. La selección de éstos se ha realizado en el contexto del equipo de investigación en el que participamos sobre el grupo SEDI (Sociedad de Estudios de Diseño Industrial) y todos ellos provienen del archivo del COAM. Se trata de dibujos profesionales de Javier Feduchi Benlliure (1929-2005), entre ellos algunos de los elaborados para el proyecto de pabellón para la VIII Feria de Muestras de Bilbao en el año 1957. También presentamos dibujos inéditos elaborados para otras ferias o elementos expositivos. A través de estos análisis gráficos vamos a documentar su participación en la elaboración de dibujos de arquitectura vinculada a la industria y al diseño industrial, así como las características gráficas que acompañan a la forma de entender y representar este tipo de proyectos.
Imágenes de un patrimonio desaparecido: la Puerta de Triana en Sevilla
Authors: Gámiz Gordo Antonio , Barrero Ortega Pedro
Published: July 2019

En esta investigación gráfica se trata de documentar, analizar y reconstruir la desaparecida Puerta de Triana en Sevilla. Para ello se revisan datos sobre su contexto histórico y su autoría, y se analizan imágenes de los siglos xvi al xix (vistas urbanas, planos y fotos) que reflejan su privilegiado entorno y rasgos arquitectónicos. Para la reconstrucción virtual se utilizan datos métricos de vestigios arqueológicos localizados, analizando la composición arquitectónica, considerando tratados de arquitectura de la época y fotografías del siglo xix que aportan fiables detalles. De este modo se pretende subrayar la  importancia de las imágenes para conocer y dar a conocer una pieza arquitectónica y urbana de gran valor patrimonial que desapareció en el siglo xix, ahora recreada gracias a la disciplina gráfica.
Blade Runner: Los Ángeles 2019. Los dibujos de una ciudad en decadencia
Authors: Molina Siles Pedro , Barros Costa Hugo
Published: July 2019

Tras el estreno de la película Blade Runner, dirigida en 1982 por el director británico Ridley Scott, se publicó “Blade Runner. Sketchbook”, un libro que recoge los bocetos y diseños conceptuales utilizados durante la preproducción de la película. Una publicación solo accesible para unos cuantos afortunados debido a su alto coste. Muchos años después se puede acceder a parte de esa publicación gratuitamente a través de determinadas plataformas web. En ella podemos encontrar, entre otros diseños, los primeros esbozos que se dibujaron de uno de sus protagonistas principales, la ciudad de Los Ángeles en el año 2019. En este artículo llevaremos a cabo un estudio de estos dibujos, los referentes que se emplearon, los protagonistas que formaron parte del proceso, el impacto que generaron y lo mucho que influyeron en el concepto de imagen de la ciudad del futuro en el cine.
Optimization of process models for determining volatility distribution and viscosity of organic aerosols from isothermal particle evaporation data
Authors: Tikkanen Olli-Pekka , Hämäläinen Väinö , Rovelli Grazia , Lipponen Antti , Shiraiwa Manabu , Reid Jonathan P. , Lehtinen Kari E. J. , Yli-Juuti Taina
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The composition of organic aerosol under different ambient conditions as
well as their phase state have been a subject of intense study in recent
years. One way to study particle properties is to measure the particle
size shrinkage in a diluted environment at isothermal conditions. From these
measurements it is possible to separate the fraction of low-volatility
compounds from high-volatility compounds. In this work, we analyse and
evaluate a method for obtaining particle composition and viscosity from
measurements using process models coupled with input optimization
algorithms. Two optimization methods, the Monte Carlo genetic algorithm and
Bayesian inference, are used together with process models describing the
dynamics of particle evaporation. The process model optimization scheme in
inferring particle composition in a volatility-basis-set sense and
composition-dependent particle viscosity is tested with artificially
generated data sets and real experimental data. Optimizing model input so
that the output matches these data yields a good match for the estimated
quantities. Both optimization methods give equally good results when they
are used to estimate particle composition to artificially test data. The timescale of the experiments and the initial particle size are found to be
important in defining the range of values that can be identified for the
properties from the optimization.
Modeling of aerosol property evolution during winter haze episodes over a megacity cluster in northern China: roles of regional transport and heterogeneous reactions of SO2
Authors: Du Huiyun , Li Jie , Chen Xueshun , Wang Zifa , Sun Yele , Fu Pingqing , Li Jianjun , Gao Jian , Wei Ying
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Regional transport and heterogeneous reactions have been shown to play crucial roles in haze formation over a megacity cluster centered on Beijing. In this study, the
updated Nested Air Quality Prediction Model System (NAQPMS) and the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model were employed to investigate the evolution of
aerosols – in terms of the number concentration, size distribution, and degree of aging – in Beijing during six haze episodes between 15 November and
15 December 2016, as part of the Air Pollution and Human Health–Beijing
(APHH-Beijing) winter campaign of 2016. The model exhibited reasonable
performance not only with respect to mass concentrations of PM2.5 and its components
in Beijing but also regarding the number concentration, size distribution, and degree of aging. We revealed that regional transport played a non-negligible role in
haze episodes, with contributions of 14 %–31 % to the surface
PM2.5 mass concentration. The contribution of regional transport to
secondary inorganic aerosols was larger than that to primary aerosols
(30 %–63 % and 3 %–12 %, respectively). The chemical transformation of
SO2 along the transport pathway from source regions to Beijing was the
major source of SO42-. We also found that sulfate formed outside
Beijing from SO2 emitted in Beijing; this sulfate was then blown back
to Beijing and considerably influenced haze formation. Along the transport
pathway, aerosols underwent aging, which altered the mass ratio of the coating of black carbon to black carbon (RBC) and the size distribution of number
concentrations. During the episodes, the geometric mean diameter (GMD)
increased from less than 100 nm at the initial site to approximately 120 nm
at the final site (Beijing), and the RBC increased from 2–4 to 4–8.
During haze episodes with high humidity, the average contributions of gas and
aqueous chemistry, heterogeneous chemistry, and primary emission to sulfate
were comparable. However, their relative contributions varied with pollution
levels. Primary emissions had the greatest impact under light to moderate
pollution levels, whereas heterogeneous chemistry had a stronger effect under
high pollution levels.
A global compilation of in situ aquatic high spectral resolution inherent and apparent optical property data for remote sensing applications
Authors: Casey Kimberly A. , Rousseaux Cecile S. , Gregg Watson W. , Boss Emmanuel , Chase Alison P. , Craig Susanne E. , Mouw Colleen B. , Reynolds Rick A. , Stramski Dariusz , Ackleson Steven G. , Bricaud Annick , Schaeffer Blake , Lewis Marlon R. , Maritorena Stéphane
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Light emerging from natural water bodies and measured by remote sensing radiometers contains information about the local type and concentrations of phytoplankton, non-algal particles and colored dissolved organic matter in the underlying waters. An increase in spectral resolution in forthcoming satellite and airborne remote sensing missions is expected to lead to new or improved capabilities to characterize aquatic ecosystems. Such upcoming missions include NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) Mission; the NASA Surface Biology and Geology observable mission; and NASA Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer – Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) airborne missions. In anticipation of these missions, we present an organized dataset of geographically diverse, quality-controlled, high spectral resolution inherent and apparent optical property (IOP/AOP) aquatic data. The data are intended to be of use to increase our understanding of aquatic optical properties, to develop aquatic remote sensing data product algorithms, and to perform calibration and validation activities for forthcoming aquatic-focused imaging spectrometry missions. The dataset is comprised of contributions from several investigators and investigating teams collected over a range of geographic areas and water types, including inland waters, estuaries and oceans. Specific in situ measurements include coefficients describing particulate absorption, particulate attenuation, non-algal particulate absorption, colored dissolved organic matter absorption, phytoplankton absorption, total absorption, total attenuation, particulate backscattering, and total backscattering, as well as remote-sensing reflectance, and irradiance reflectance. The dataset can be downloaded from https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.902230 (Casey et al., 2019).
A long term (1965–2015) ecological marine database from the LTER-Italy site Northern Adriatic Sea: plankton and oceanographic observations
Authors: Acri Francesco , Bastianini Mauro , Bernardi Aubry Fabrizio , Camatti Elisa , Boldrin Alfredo , Bergami Caterina , Cassin Daniele , De Lazzeri Amelia , Finotto Stefania , Minelli Annalisa , Oggioni Alessandro , Pansera Marco , Sarretta Alessandro , Socal Giorgio , Pugnetti Alessandra
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In this paper we describe a 50 years (1965–2015) ecological database containing data collected in the Northern Adriatic Sea, one of the 25 research parent sites belonging to the Italian Long Term Ecological Research Network (LTER-Italy, http://www.lteritalia.it). LTER-Italy is a formal member of the international (https://www.ilter.network) and European (http://www.lter-europe.net/) LTER networks. The NAS is undergoing a process, led by different research institutions and projects, for the establishment of a marine ecological observatory, building on the existing facilities, infrastructures, and long-term ecological data. Along this process, the implementation of the Open Access and Open Science principles has started, by creating an open research lifecycle that involves sharing ideas and results (scientific papers), data (raw and processed), metadata, methods, and software. The present data paper is framed within this wider context. The database is composed of observations on abiotic parameters, phyto- and zooplankton abundances, collected during 299 cruises in different sampling stations, in particular in the Gulf of Venice: we describe here the sampling and analytical activities, the parameters, and the structure of the database. The database is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3266246 (Acri et al., 2019), it was also uploaded in the DEIMS-SDR repository (Dynamic Ecological Information Management System – Site and Dataset Registry, https://deims.org/), which is the official sites and data registry for LTER International network.
Update of the tsunami catalogue of New Caledonia using a decision table based on seismic data and marigraphic records
Authors: Roger Jean , Pelletier Bernard , Aucan Jérôme
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Fourteen years ago, the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami demonstrated the destructional capability of tsunamis to the entire world.
Since then, many research programs have been initiated to try to understand
the phenomenon and its related hazards better and to improve the early warning
systems for exposed coastal populations. Pacific Islands Countries and
Territories (PICTs) are especially vulnerable to tsunamis. Amongst them, New Caledonia is a French overseas territory located in the Southwest
Pacific and exposed to several tsunami sources. In 2010, a catalogue of
tsunamis that were visually observed or measured in New Caledonia was
published. Since this first study, several events occurred between 2009 and 2019, and an update of this catalogue was necessary within the framework of a tsunami hazard assessment project in New Caledonia (TSUCAL). To complete this catalogue, a decision table has been designed to select potential tsunamigenic events within the USGS earthquake database, using criteria on the distance to New Caledonia, the magnitude and the hypocenter depth. Then a cross-comparison between these earthquakes, the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) tsunami catalogue and local tide gauge records provided 25 events that were recorded in New Caledonia for the period from 30 September 2009 to
10 January 2019. These events are added to the 12 events reported with certainty during previous studies, leading to a number of 37 tsunamis triggered by earthquakes reported or recorded in New Caledonia since 1875. Six of them have been identified only thanks to local tide gauges, supporting the fact that instrumental recording of tsunamis is paramount for tsunami hazard studies, from early warning to the validation of coastal models. In addition, unpublished tide gauge data are provided for the 1960 Chile tsunami.