bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alzheimerjeva bolezen: etiološki in rizični dejavniki, patofiziološki mehanizmi in terapevtski pristopi
Authors: Trobec Tomaž , Žužek Monika Cecilija , Černe Katarina , Frangež Robert
Published: April 2022

Alzheimerjeva bolezen je kronična progresivna nevrodegenerativna bolezen, za katero oboleva vse večje število ljudi po vsem svetu. Je najpogostejši vzrok za demenco (pri 50–80 % vseh primerov) in obenem tudi najhujša oblika demence, za katero so značilne kognitivne in vedenjske motnje pri ljudeh, večinoma starejših od 65 let. Patogeneza bolezni še ni popolnoma pojasnjena. Obstaja več hipotez, ki vključujejo kombinacijo genetskih in okoljskih dejavnikov ter načina življenja. Glede na začetek bolezni lahko bolezen opredelimo kot obliko z zgodnjim začetkom, običajno pred 65. letom starosti, in obliko s poznim začetkom, običajno po 65. letu starosti. Redka oblika bolezni z zgodnjim začetkom je povezana z mutacijami v genu za amiloidni prekurzorski protein ter v genih za presenilin 1 in 2. Genetski dejavnik tveganja za nastanek bolezni s poznim začetkom je prisotnost alela ε4 za apolipoprotein E. Za nastanek oblike s poznim začetkom obstaja več vzročnih hipotez: a) holinergična hipoteza, b) amiloidna hipoteza, c) hipoteza o hiperfosforilaciji proteina tau, č) hipoteza o mitohondrijski kaskadi, d) vnetna hipoteza, e) nevro-vaskularna hipoteza, f) hipoteza o kovinskih ionih ter g) hipoteza limfnega sistema. Poleg tega obstajajo tudi presnovni in drugi dejavniki tveganja za nastanek Alzheimerjeve bolezni, med katere sodijo: zvišana raven holesterola v krvi, debelost, zvišan krvni tlak, sladkorna bolezen tipa 2, motnje spanja idr. Kljub velikemu številu raziskav etiopatogeneza do danes še ni dokončno pojasnjena, prav tako ne poznamo zdravila, ki bi preprečilo nastanek bolezni ali ustavilo njeno napredovanje. Zdravljenje Alzheimerjeve bolezni trenutno temelji na farmakološkem zdravljenju, ki poteka na osnovi doslej znane etiologije bolezni. Veliko obeta tudi imunoterapija z antiamiloidnimi protitelesi.
Age and Aging Studies
Authors: Looser Devoney
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Ageing and Youth Cultures' by Andy Bennett and Paul Hodkinson
Authors: Novak Alison N.
Published: April 2022

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The Peril and the Promise of Representing Aging and Old Age
Authors: Gravagne Pamela H.
Published: April 2022

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Age and History as Categories of Analysis
Authors: Botelho Lynn A.
Published: April 2022

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Third Age Men's Experience of Fashion and Clothing
Authors: Sadkowska Anna , Wilde David , Fisher Tom
Published: April 2022

This paper is set within the context of the current shift in focus around aging from an objective to a subjective stance, placing the emphasis on individuality (Bennett and Hodkinson; Powell and Gilbert) and resulting in the emergence and development of cultural gerontology. Human biographies have the potential to be interpreted through the relationships between personal and structural factors, and individual and collective experiences. Fashion and clothes, as communicators and mediators between self and society (Entwistle; Craik) can therefore be seen as key factors in understanding aging identities.
Contemporary research on fashion and aging concentrates mainly on older women (Twigg). Whilst this research has told us much about how aging women experience fashion, it excludes the parallel considerations of aging men. This paper addresses this gap by presenting research that investigates how older men negotiate their aging bodies through the media of clothing and fashion. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with fve older men and were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The fndings reveal the experience of fashion and clothing of fve older men who, during their lives, have actively engaged with fashion, considered in the contexts of time, space, and “others” (Kaiser).
Review of 'Out of Time: The Pleasures and the Perils of Ageing' by Lynne Segal
Authors: Charise Andrea
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'The Longevity Seekers: Science, Business, and the Fountain of Youth' by Ted Anton
Authors: Lamb Erin Gentry
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Alzheimer’s Disease, Media Representations and the Politics of Euthanasia: Constructing Risk and Selling Death in an Ageing Society' by Megan-Jane Johnstone
Authors: Schweda Mark
Published: April 2022

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Assemblages
Authors: Kreitzman Sue
Published: April 2022

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Architecture and Aging
Authors: Adams Annmarie , Chivers Sally
Published: April 2022

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Exploding the Hearth
Authors: Palmor Lauren
Published: April 2022

The image of the aged parent or grandparent sitting contentedly before the hearth is a canonical trope in Victorian visual culture. The freside was, at that time, a signifcant center of the home and family, and older members of the household were viewed as principal organizing forces around this central gathering place. This article examines the archetypal image of the senescent hearthside fgure in order to better evaluate the larger context in which Victorian aging was visually interpreted and generally understood. By examining depictions of this theme by the popular British painters Walter Dendy Sadler and Frederick Daniel Hardy, this study demonstrates some ways in which art history may proft from age studies in formulating expanded readings of such material.
How old is Miss Havisham?
Authors: Miquel Baldellou Marta
Published: April 2022

The characters of Miss Havisham in Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations and Norma Desmond in Billy Wilder’s Sunset Boulevard address a matrix of age, gender, and performance through significant points of intertextuality. They epitomize what Anne Morey has referred to as “the elegiac female grotesque” to depict older women’s overstated performances of age and gender; these performances can be interpreted as ambivalent, insofar as they personify the abjection of female aging, but they also subvert the dictates of age imposed on women. Given the transformative quality of performance that characterizes both age and gender, critics such as Deborah Jermyn have argued for the need to revisit representations of aging women with special insight into their performative and, ultimately, transformative dimensions. With this purpose in mind, this article analyzes the performances of age and gender that these two classic characters exhibit, examines how they respectively overstate age and deny it, and reveals how they represent an ambivalent dimension of age performativity—acting age and acting against age—which still prevails in current cultural representations of female aging.
Narrative Development Later in Life
Authors: Randall William L. , Khurshid Khurram N.
Published: April 2022

Prevailing paradigms in gerontology tend to eclipse the creative side of aging, implicitly perceiving it in terms of a narrative of decline. Building on insights from the field of narrative gerontology, this paper proposes an explicitlyliterary metaphor for understanding the subjective experience of aging, one in which our lives themselves are conceived in textual terms: As novels we are continually composing––as author, narrator, protagonist, and reader more or less at once. Drawing on literary theorist Mikhail Bahktin, the paper argues the merits of the metaphor of life-as-novel, notes the entailments it carries with it, and enlists it to deepen our understanding of narrative development in later life, with special emphasis on the challenges such development can face. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of a “novel perspective” for the practice of narrative care with older adults and for future research into the poetics of growing old.
Review of 'Growing Older with Jane Austen' by Maggie Lane
Authors: Casler Jeanine
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Extravagant Bodies: Extravagant Age' by Tereza Teklic et al.
Authors: Gravagne Pamela H.
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Old Women and Art in the Early Modern Italian Domestic Interior' by Erin J. Campbell
Authors: Doley Caitlin
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Fierce with Reality: Literature on Aging' edited by Margaret Cruikshank
Authors: French Jade Elizabeth
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Age Becomes Us: Bodies and Gender in Time' by Leni Marshall
Authors: Hartung Heike
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'The Lives of Older Lesbians: Sexuality, Identity, and the Life Course' by Jane Traies
Authors: Hess Linda M.
Published: April 2022

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Conference Review: 'Dementia and Cultural Narrative Symposium', Universities of Aston and Huddersfield, December 8-9, 2017
Authors: Yin Lie Crystal
Published: April 2022

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Problems of the Past and Figures of Aging in Late and Early Wallace Stevens
Authors: D. Hagen Benjamin
Published: April 2022

This paper reads a series of Wallace Stevens’s late poems (“Vacancy in the Park,” “The Irish Cliffs of Moher,” and “The Rock”) as well as his early poem “Sunday Morning” as figures of aging. These figures capture reflections on the past andpoetic efforts to make it feel real precisely at a moment when the past poses existential and temporal problems, at a moment when life’s circle seems to be closing. These late and early poems show that Stevens engages problems of the past and crafts figures of aging across his career, not just in a late or last phase. While the paper deploys the term “lateness” to describe Stevens’s poetic ethos and style, in this case, the term does not invoke the myth of the artist who has attained “old-age style” but a varied sense of ending, a kind of modernist ambience and activity of thinking and feeling the imminence and immanence of a life’s closing circle. Stevens’s figures of aging, moreover, emit and inventorysigns of detachment, emptiness, effervescence, dissipation, illusoriness, absurdity, and indifference but also affirmations of freedom, desire, and reverence. This affective inventory presents a “Wallace Stevens” who prompts us to ask (though he never provides an answer), “How might I age, grow older, draw near to my end otherwise?”
Review of 'Adulthood and Other Fictions' by Sari Edelstein
Authors: Lem Ellyn
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Queer Aging in North American Fiction' by Linda M. Hess
Authors: McFarland Jami
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Aging and Loss' by Jason Danely
Authors: Sako Katsura
Published: April 2022

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Retrospection, Regret, and Contingency in Dickens’s Late Midlives
Authors: McAllister David
Published: April 2022

This essay explores Dickens’s representations of male anxieties over aging and argues both that contingency—a character’s dawning recognition that their life might have been otherwise—haunts Dickens’s midlife narratives and that a developing cultural awareness of midlife as a life-stage is central to the Victorian fascination with unlived lives. It traces developments in Dickens’s own sense of midlife’s particularity to two sources: a recognition of the bodily changes that accompany the process of aging (such as his own graying hair, which he sought to disguise cosmetically through hair and moustache dyes) and his membership of a generation whose life chances were determined by a demographic bulge caused by a rapid expansion of Britain’s middle-aged and elderly population. Both of these circumstances engender an overwhelming sense of regret in the aging protagonists of novels such as David Copperfield (1849-1850), Great Expectations (1860-1861), and Our Mutual Friend (1864-1865), whose midlives are spent thinking, and sometimes writing, about the youthful choices that shaped their later lives. It is only with the publication of the late portmanteau tale “Mugby Junction” that Dickens finds himself able to imagine a midlife in which the aging individuals possess agency and are empowered to cast off the determining and contingent events of their Bildungsroman narratives and engage in the processes of unbecoming and self-renewal.
Age and Aesthetics in James Abbott McNeill Whistler’s Arrangement in Grey and Black
Authors: Doley Caitlin
Published: April 2022

When one begins looking for them in the visual culture of the nineteenth century, aging and aged bodies crop up in a variety of media, styles, and contexts: in drawings, paintings, and sculptures; in popular history paintings and more obscure aesthetic experiments; in artists’ biographies and critics’ writings. However, the discipline of art history has yet to engage with the master identity that is old age, and practitioners of age studies have yet to truly utilize visual primary sources. This article breaks new scholarly ground by interrogating the relationship between old age and the visual in one of the most famous and best-loved representations of an elderly person in nineteenth-century painting: James Abbott McNeill Whistler’s Arrangement in Grey and Black: Portrait of the Painter’s Mother (1871). The sitter for Whistler’s painting was his then sixty-seven-year-old mother, Anna McNeill Whistler. In this article, I propose that it was Anna’s aged body that caused or, rather, enabled Whistler to have an artistic revelation that was to define his approach to the visual and aesthetics, and propel him to notorious fame.
“To ‘leave my name in life’s visit’”
Authors: Blanch-Serrat Francesca
Published: April 2022

Anna Seward (1742-1809) made detailed plans toward her posthumous legacy in the last decades of her life through the compilation and editing of her poetical works and letter books, as well as the negotiations for their publication. In having her life’s work and correspondence published after her death, Seward challenged societal and literary expectations already subverted by publishing in advanced age and asserted the value of her own production and, by extension, her literary authority, at the end of her career. While this is a known claim, this article aims to go further and examine this material and its reception from the perspective of age studies in order to ascertain what roles gender and old age played in both Seward’s self-presentation in this compilation and in the failure of her act of self-canonization. For this purpose, this article investigates the intersection of gender, marital status, and old age (the triple-layered “old maidism”) in eighteenth-century perceptions of age and aging, and questions how that intersection affected her work’s editorial process and its reception. To do so, the article addresses Walter Scott’s and Archibald Constable’s—her editor and publisher, respectively—treatments of the material and of the detailed instructions Seward left them in her will. Finally, it assesses the reception of the posthumously published works in three periodicals of the time: The Critical Review, the British Review and London Critical Journal, and The Monthly Review.
I. Kant: How is aesthetic possible?
Authors: Kormin Nikolai Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2022

The subject of the research is the ways of substantiating the fundamental concept of aesthetic science -- the category of aesthetic in Kant's philosophy. The author examines such aspects of the topic as the content of transcendental philosophy, in which the mind indulges in a purely aesthetic occupation, draws for himself the structure of the whole, the congruence of the conditions of the work of art of a priori fulfillment of feelings, understanding the category of beauty under the sign of aesthetic intention cogito, analysis of how the artist combines the aesthetic aspects of the thing in itself with the incommensurable worlds in the work art. The aesthetic exists in a kind of universal space, which is defined by the transcendental as the "last foundation". The main conclusions of the study is the statement that, by analogy with transcendental aesthetics, Kant admits an aesthetic of pure practical reason that is not identical to it, expressing the hope that in the future it will be possible to comprehend both as elements of the unity of the entire faculty of pure reason. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is the search in the context of the philosophical interpretation of the concept of aesthetic pleasure, as it is carried out within the framework of Kant's moral philosophy. The novelty of the research lies in identifying the dramaturgy of the foundations of the aesthetic, which does not presuppose any of its scenario as a basis for building aesthetic thinking, in revealing how the system of aesthetic interactions and syntheses correlates with structures ideally initial in relation to the world and man, with absolute foundations, without which there is no aesthetics.
Monodromy invariant Hermitian forms for second order Fuchsian differential equations with four singularities
Authors: Adachi Shunya
Published: April 2022

We study the monodromy invariant Hermitian forms for second order Fuchsian differential equations with four singularities. The moduli space of our monodromy representations can be realized by certain affine cubic surface. In this paper we characterize the irreducible monodromies having the non-degenerate invariant Hermitian forms in terms of that cubic surface. The explicit forms of invariant Hermitian forms are also given. Our result may bring a new insight into the study of the Painlev� differential equations.
On Ambarzumian type theorems for tree domains
Authors: Pivovarchik Vyacheslav
Published: April 2022

It is known that the spectrum of the spectral Sturm-Liouville problem on an equilateral tree with (generalized) Neumann's conditions at all vertices uniquely determines the potentials on the edges in the unperturbed case, i.e. case of the zero potentials on the edges (Ambarzumian's theorem). This case is exceptional, and in general case (when the Dirichlet conditions are imposed at some of the pendant vertices) even two spectra of spectral problems do not determine uniquely the potentials on the edges. We consider the spectral Sturm-Liouville problem on an equilateral tree rooted at its pendant vertex with (generalized) Neumann conditions at all vertices except of the root and the Dirichlet condition at the root. In this case Ambarzumian's theorem can't be applied. We show that if the spectrum of this problem is unperturbed, the spectrum of the Neumann-Dirichlet problem on the root edge is also unperturbed and the spectra of the problems on the complimentary subtrees with (generalized) Neumann conditions at all vertices except the subtrees' roots and the Dirichlet condition at the subtrees' roots are unperturbed then the potential on each edge of the tree is 0 almost everywhere.
Dental Status of Active Age Population in the Republic of Bulgaria
Authors: Nenov Stanislav , Bozhinov Petar , Hristov Nikolai , Bonev Boyko
Published: May 2022

Dental health is an important public health component. There is a number of dependencies between the demographic and social characteristics of the population and its dental status. The purpose of the study is to examine the dental status of the active age population in the Republic of Bulgaria and to define its dependence on social and demographic factors. Epidemiologic study and inquiry survey were conducted among 416 Bulgarian citizens aged 18–65 years in six district towns for achieving the aim. The results were processed and subjected to statistical analysis with significance factor 95% (p = 0.05). Prevalence per persons (EP) for the studied sample is 98.56%, teeth prevalence (ET) has an average value of 52.7%, while the dental caries intensity (DMFT) is 16.25. Caries incidence and intensity increases with age as a result of a proportional increase in the number of obturated and extracted teeth with patients’ ageing. The average number of treated teeth is bigger in individuals with higher education and at the same time, this group has lower average number of extracted teeth. Lower average number of extracted teeth is also reported in persons with high income compared to those on minimal wages and parallel the average number of obturated teeth increases proportionally to the income increase. There is distinct dental status dependence in the active age Bulgarian population on demographic and social factors. Persons, paying regular visits to the dental office, have lower number of caries and extracted teeth, which supports the importance of dental prophylaxis.
Infective Endocarditis after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Fava Carlos , Mendiz Oscar , Noc Marco , Casabé Horacio , Zorc Marjeta , Fraguas Hugo , Caponi Gaspar , Valdivieso Leon , Lev Gustavo , Gamboa Paul
Published: April 2022

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a rare complication with high morbidity and mortality. Methods: Of 630 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI, 6 (0.95%) presented IE. Results: Four patients were men, mean age was 81.3 ± 2.2 years and all the patients were symptomatic. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 56.8 ± 5.3%. The procedure was successful in all the patients and one presented moderate regurgitation. Two patients required definitive pacemaker and the lead had to be reimplanted 24 hours later in 1 patient. Time to IE was 63.5 ± 73.3 days (median 35 days). A Gram-positive coccus was isolated in four cases. One patient presented a vegetation on transesophageal echocardiography . One patient died within 30 days. During follow-up of 23 ± 22 months none of the patients presented new events or hospitalizations. On Doppler echocardiography, LVEF was 55.9 ± 4.6%, mean trans-aortic gradient was 8.2 ± 1.8 mm Hg and peak systolic velocity was 1.8 ± 0.2 m/s. One patient had moderate regurgitation. Conclusions: In this series of patients, IE after TAVI was uncommon and had a favorable course with antibiotic treatment.
Isolated Intramedullary Cervical Spinal Cord Cysticercosis- A Case Report
Authors: Solanki Manu , Gayam Venkata Raviteja Reddy , Agrawal Kanupriya , Jindal Nikita , Yadav Krohit
Published: May 2022

Neurocysticercosis is the most prevalent parasitic infection in developing countries, caused by the encysted larvae of taenia solium. It predominantly affects the brain alone or both the brain and the spinal cord. In spinal cysticercosis, the thoracic cord is most commonly involved. Isolated involvement of the cervical spinal cord is very rare. Authors report the case of a 19-year-old male patient with intramedullary cysticercosis in the cervical cord. The lesion was diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging and serology. Albendazole and steroids were used to treat the patient medically
Analysing the Growth Prospects of Agribusiness Input Sector in India
Authors: Kumar Darsi Pradeep , Ashok K. R. , Karthikeyan C. , Olive P. Flowrine
Published: April 2022

Aim: Agribusiness is undergoing huge transformation. Seed, fertilizer and pesticide sector plays a vital role in agribusiness. The aim of this paper is to study about the overview of agribusiness system in Indian and to analyze the growth prospects for agribusiness in India.

Study Design: Secondary data was collected from various government websites and reports. The data was organized and analysed to fulfil the objective of the study.

Methodology: Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) was used to analyse the data. Secondary data was collected from 2010 to 2020.

Results: Results revealed that the production, sale and consumption of major agricultural input-based agribusiness are growing with a CAGR of 2 per cent on an average. This revealed the scope for input-based agribusiness in India.
Analyses and Determinants of Land Use-Land Cover Dynamics in Dimako Sub-Division, East Region of Cameroon
Authors: Ngalim Robert Njilla Mengnjo , Edgar Djou
Published: May 2022

The transformation of forested lands by human actions represents one of the great forces in global environmental change and one of the great drivers of biodiversity loss. Forests are cleared, degraded and fragmented through timber harvest, conversion to agricultural lands, and road construction amongst others. In this vein, this study aims at analysing land use-land cover changes as well as their determinants in Dimako. A mixed research design was used in this study with primary data obtained through the use of questionnaire, group discussions, key informant interviews and field observations in order to identify the various ways of forest exploitation. Satellites maps were downloaded and analysed with the aid of geographic information techniques to assess the extent of forest cover and land use changes in Dimako. The findings revealed a decreasing trend in forest cover change from 1986-2016 by 0.285% per year. Forest was found to be exploited by local populations and by industrial logging companies for NTFPs and timber respectively. Also, the major factors contributing to the fast disappearance of the natural forest were attributed to industrial logging, agricultural land expansion, the rising demand for tree products, and poverty which have severe negative repercussions on the human population and environment. The study recommended providing environmental education, afforestation or agro-forestry, increasing income of rural households, providing alternative form of fuel (energy), strengthening participatory forest management and community based organization initiatives, and strong law enforcement on the part of the government on those who illegally and indiscriminately exploit the forests.
The Effect of Varying Aerosol Concentrations on Visibility and Particle Size Distribution in Urban Atmosphere: Validating OPAC Results using MERRA Satellite Aerosol Data
Authors: Abdulkarim U. Y. , Tijjani B. I. , Gana U. M.
Published: April 2022

Well validated simulation software and models are meant to add value through a more precise representation of different atmospheric features and climate characteristics that are physically out of reach. In this work, comparison and validation was carried out using the Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) averaged Angstrom Exponents (α) and averaged visibilities for ten urban countries against simulated Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) urban components. The simulations of OPAC were performed at 0%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 98% and 99% relative humidities (RH) while the MERRA satellite data were extracted at an average of 78% relative humidity. results based on α values showed that OPAC was only able to simulate well the insoluble and soot aerosol particle size distributions of India’s urban atmosphere such that it had approximately the same insoluble and soot aerosol particle size distributions as India. For the rest of the nine countries (USA, Brazil, Indonesia, China, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan and Ethiopia), OPAC was seen to either overestimate or underestimate water soluble, insoluble and soot aerosol particle size distributions. For visibility and water soluble or insoluble aerosol concentrations, OPAC showed good simulated values that were approximately the same as those found within Ethiopia’s and Japan’s urban atmosphere. OPAC also had visibility value and insoluble aerosol concentration that were approximately the same as those found within China’s atmosphere. For all other countries (India, USA, Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria and Pakistan) OPAC either overestimated their visibilities and underestimated their water soluble, insoluble and soot aerosol concentrations or vice versa. With both OPAC and MERRA, the presence of fine mode aerosol particles in an urban atmosphere was established with α values > 1. But MERRA also showed otherwise for three countries (Nigeria, Ethiopia and Pakistan) that had α values < 1 which implied the presence of coarse mode aerosol particles. The relationship between visibility and α satisfied the direct power law for OPAC, for MERRA the relationship approximately satisfied the power law for most of the countries.
Weed Management Practices Affects Vegetative Growth and Graft Survival of Apple cv. Silver Spur/M9-T337 Nursery Plants
Authors: Haq Asrar Ul , Ali Angrej , Kumar Amit , Khan F. A. , Mir S. A. , Alie B. A.
Published: May 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different weed management practices on vegetative growth and graft survival of apple nursery. The experiment was laid out at the Experimental Farm, Division of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India during the year 2020. Seven weed management practices i.e. T1 (manual weeding), T2 (pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i. ha-1), T3 (pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i. ha-1 + manual weeding), T4 (paddy straw mulch - 6cm thick), T5 (black polyethylene mulch - 200 micron), T6 (weed free) and T7 (weedy check) were tested in apple nursery (cv. Silver Spur grafted on M9-T337). The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Observations on vegetative growth parameters of nursery stocks (plant height, number of branches & number of leaves per plant, leaf area, rootstock girth and scion girth) and graft survival was recorded. Plant growth and graft survival percentage of apple nursery plants was significantly affected by weed management practices. Black polyethylene and paddy straw mulches resulted superior plant growth and both the treatments were statistically at par for all the vegetative growth parameters. Plant height (87.81cm), number of branches (0.4) and number of leaves (45.04) per plant and leaf area (23.63 cm-2) was maximum with black polyethylene much, while scion girth (3.26 cm) and rootstock girth (4.38 cm) was maximum with paddy straw mulch, Significantly maximum graft survival (90.60%) were recorded with black polyethylene. Hence, Black polyethylene (200 micron) found to be most effective weed management practice for obtaining higher graft survival of apple nursery plants with better plant growth characteristics.
KEPUASAN PENGHUNI APARTEMEN DI SURABAYA TERHADAP RESPON MANAJEMEN DALAM MENANGANI KERUSAKAN BANGUNAN
Authors: Purwantoro Austin Adiputra Tahir , Kwanda Timoticin , Njo Anastasia
Published: April 2022

Pembangunan apartemen merupakan solusi yang baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tempat tinggal di Surabaya di mana lahan semakin sempit dan semakin mahal. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu kerusakan apartemen merupakan hal yang pasti terjadi dan harus ditangani untuk bisa menjaga kepuasan dari penghuni apartemen. Penelitian ini meneliti kepuasan penghuni terhadap respon manajemen dalam menangani kerusakan yang terjadi pada apartemen. Kerusakan yang dianalisa adalah kerusakan struktural, non struktural di dalam dan di luar unit apartemen. Data diperoleh melalui kuisioner pada penghuni apartemen di Surabaya sejumlah 100 responden, data diolah dan diuji menggunakan analisa Partial Least Square. Hasil uji menampilkan kerusakan non struktural apartemen memberi pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap respon manajemen properti. Sedangkan kerusakan struktural dan kerusakan di luar unit apartemen tidak memberi pengaruh. Respon manajemen properti juga memberi dampak yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan penghuni bangunan. Nilai prediktif Q2 menyatakan data pada model mampu menjelaskan sebesar 55.7 % dan sisanya 44.3% adalah variabel lain yang perlu diteliti lebih lanjut.
The Supply Chain Optimization of Ready Mix Concrete at PT X in Surabaya Using the Metaheuristic Method
Authors: Kresnadi Daniel Mulyono , Prayogo Doddy
Published: April 2022

Infrastructure development is followed by an increase in demand for ready-mix concrete (RMC). Some failures in delivering RMC on time would delay construction performance or the truck would need to wait at the construction site, so the delivered concrete became useless if it exceeded the concrete setting time limit. This research optimizes the supply chain of ready mix concrete based on real-time data from a batching plant in Surabaya by using the metaheuristic method. The metaheuristic method used in this research are Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS), and also compares the performance of both metaheuristic algorithms, because both algorithms have proven effective in solving various optimization problems.  The objective function of this research is to minimize the total waiting times of mixer trucks. The results showed that the SOS algorithm has better performance than the PSO algorithm, which gets lower total waiting times of 100,863 hours.
APLIKASI INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING (ISM) PADA FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB KETERLAMBATAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI SURABAYA
Authors: Halim Eric Cahyadi , Andi Andi , Rahardjo Jani
Published: April 2022

Construction projects run the risk of not conforming to the initial expectations of development. It is very difficult to estimate the time of a project because a project is not repetitive, there are different challenges in each development project. Delay in completing a project will cause waste in the form of overtime and overbudget. This research was conducted using judgment sampling to 5 respondents who were expert contractors. The objectives to be achieved through this research are to identify the dominant factors causing delays in a residental project using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method and modeling the relationship between the factors that cause delays in residential construction projects using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The result of this research is the existence of 8 levels of sub-factor hierarchical structure which becomes the framework for contractors and project owners to reduce the risk of delays in residential construction projects. The dominant causes of delays in project development are design changes during construction, late delivery of materials, late approval of work drawings, late payments, and inappropriate work methods.
Reinforcement Concrete Steel Bar Trim Loss Optimization Using Metaheuristics Particle Swarm Optimization and Symbiosis Organisms Search
Authors: Gozal Renaldy , Prayogo Doddy
Published: April 2022

Steel rebars for reinforced concrete usually stated in a form of bar bending schedule. In a project, an inefficient activity of cutting steel rebar can result a waste in the form of trim loss. This can lead to profit loss and cause an impact to environment. The optimization needs to be done in order to minimize the trim loss from the steel rebar cutting. Previously, there has been many studies on steel bar trim loss optimization using metaheuristic methods as well as studies on cutting pattern generator. However, if the steel rebar variation is too many, the cutting pattern generator will produce a large number of cutting patterns. Therefore, this study aims to solve the optimization problem by producing more efficient cutting pattern while still obtaining minimum trim loss at any conditions. The data used in this research is obtained from a real-life office project. In the process, the study will be comparing the performance of both PSO and SOS from each cutting patterns generator and conditions. The performance of the two methods is assessed from its minimum, maximum, average, standard deviation and the convergence graph of each iteration. The result shows that SOS performed better in finding the minimum trim loss on undersupply condition.
Is there a role for HSF1 in viral infections?
Authors: Reyes Antonia , Navarro Areli J. , Diethelm‐Varela Benjamín , Kalergis Alexis M. , González Pablo A.
Published: April 2022

Cells undergo numerous processes to adapt to new challenging conditions and stressors. Heat stress is regulated by a family of heat shock factors (HSFs) that initiate a heat shock response by upregulating the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) intended to counteract cellular damage elicited by increased environmental temperature. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is known as the master regulator of the heat shock response and upon its activation induces the transcription of genes that encode for molecular chaperones, such as HSP40, HSP70, and HSP90. Importantly, an accumulating body of studies relates HSF1 with viral infections; the induction of fever during viral infection may activate HSF1 and trigger a consequent heat shock response. Here, we review the role of HSF1 in different viral infections and its impact on the health outcome for the host. Studying the relationship between HSF1 and viruses could open new potential therapeutic strategies given the availability of drugs that regulate the activation of this transcription factor.
A 3D star shot to determine the gantry, collimator, and couch axes positions
Authors: Corns Robert , Yang Kaida , Ross Mason , Bhandari Shiva , Aryal Makunda , Ciaccio Peter
Published: April 2022

A linear accelerator has three independent axes that are nominally intersecting at the isocenter. Modern treatment techniques require the coincidence of these axes to lie within a 1‐mm diameter sphere. A solution to verify this requirement is to wrap a film on a cylindrical surface, align the cylinder to the linac's isocenter and gantry axis, and take multiple exposures of slits, rotating either the gantry, collimator, or couch between exposures. The resulting exposure pattern is the 3D equivalent of the 2D star shot and encodes sufficient information to determine each axis’ position in 3D. Moreover, this method uses a single sheet 8“x10” film, a standard film scanner, and a phantom that can be readily built in‐house, making a practical solution to this 3D‐measurement problem.
Ultraviolet Narrowband Photomultiplication Type Organic Photodetectors with Fabry−Pérot Resonator Architecture
Authors: Zhao Zijin , Xu Chunyu , Ma Yao , Yang Kaixuan , Liu Ming , Zhu Xixiang , Zhou Zhengji , Shen Liang , Yuan Guangcai , Zhang Fujun
Published: April 2022

Ultraviolet (UV) narrowband photodetectors play a critical role in missile detection, flame monitoring, optical communication, etc. It is a great challenge to realize UV narrowband organic photodetectors due to wide photo‐harvesting property of organic materials, especially for photomultiplication type organic photodetectors (PM‐OPDs). In this work, a smart strategy is proposed to achieve UV narrowband response by coupling Fabry−Pérot microcavity with PM‐OPDs. PM‐OPDs are realized by using poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (100:1, w/w) as active layers, exhibiting broadband response range covering from UV–vis region. Series of optical microcavities consisting of Ag/LiF/Ag with UV spectral selectivity are prepared, which are employed to couple with the PM‐OPDs for achieving UV narrowband response. The UV spectral selectivity of optical microcavity can be optimized by tuning the thickness of spacer layer and mirror layers, which can further regulate the photogenerated electron distribution near Al electrode to optimize the external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra of the PM‐OPDs coupled with optical microcavity. The optimized PM‐OPDs coupled with optical microcavity exhibit EQE of 9300% at 350 nm and narrowband response with 33 nm full‐width at half‐maximum under −15 V bias. This work indicates that PM‐OPDs coupled with optical microcavity should be an efficient strategy for achieving UV narrowband response.
Selectively Tunable Luminescence of Perovskite Nanocrystals Embedded in Polymer Matrix Allows Direct Laser Patterning
Authors: Martin Chantal , Prudnikau Anatol , Orazi Leonardo , Gaponik Nikolai , Lesnyak Vladimir
Published: April 2022

Cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have gained enormous attention as promising light‐emitting and light‐converting materials. Most of their applications require embedding NCs in various matrices, which is a challenging task due to their low stability, especially in the case of red‐emitting CsPbI3 NCs. In this work, a new approach is proposed allowing the formation of red‐emitting perovskite NCs by anion exchange induced directly inside a solid polymer matrix using green‐emitting CsPbBr3 NCs as templates and iodododecane as an iodine source. Moreover, a simple and efficient route to photo‐assisted termination of the anion exchange reaction in the polymer composite after reaching desired optical properties is demonstrated. The findings allow the authors to pattern a thin composite film with an ultrashort UV laser resulting in a selective generation of green‐ and red‐emitting features with a 15 µm resolution.
Diarylprolinol with Trifluoromethyl Substituents and Diphenylprolinol‐Derived Perfluoroalkanesulfonamide as Organocatalysts in the Cross‐Aldol Reaction of Aldehydes
Authors: Hayashi Yujiro , Tomikawa Masashi , Mori Naoki
Published: April 2022

The asymmetric cross‐aldol reaction of two different aldehydes is a synthetically relevant reaction. Diarylprolinol catalyst with trifluoromethyl substituents and sulfonamide catalyst derived from diphenylprolinol are organocatalysts for the cross‐aldol reaction. The reactivity and stereoselectivity of these two catalysts were compared in the asymmetric cross‐aldol reactions of propanal and acetaldehyde as nucleophilic aldehydes and several electrophilic aldehydes. Depending on the electrophilic aldehydes, the preferable catalyst differs. By the proper selection of these two catalysts, potentially synthetically useful chiral building blocks can be synthesized with diastereoselectivities of anti:syn=2.6:1∼>20:1 and enantioselectivities of 60∼>98% ee.

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3D Conformal Fabrication of Piezoceramic Films
Authors: Liu Shiyuan , Shan Yao , Hong Ying , Jin Yuankai , Lin Weikang , Zhang Zhuomin , Xu Xiaote , Wang Zuankai , Yang Zhengbao
Published: April 2022

Piezoceramic films are an essential class of energy‐conversion materials that have been widely used in the electronics industry. Although current methods create a great freedom for fabricating high‐quality piezoceramic films, it requires well‐controlled synthesis conditions, including special high‐cost equipment and planar substrates particularly. The limited substrate selections hinder the applications of piezoceramic films in 3D conformal structures where most objects possess complex curvilinear surfaces. To overcome such limitations, a fast, energy‐efficient, and cost‐effective approach, named flame treated spray (FTS) coating, is developed for preparing piezoceramic films on free‐form surfaces. The flame treatment significantly enhances the hydrophilicity of a substrate, assisting in forming a uniform and continuous thin film. The followed spray coating deposits hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers thick films on 3D free‐form surfaces. Given the size controllability and arbitrary surface compatibility of the FTS method, a highly conformal piezoelectric tactile sensor array (4 × 4) is assembled on a spherical surface for mimicking robot fingers and an on‐site thin‐film sensor on the wing of an aircraft model to monitor the vibration in real‐time during flight. The FTS film deposition offers a highly promising methodology for the application of functional thin‐film from micro‐ to marcoscale devices, regardless of conformal problems.
Efficient Modulation of Electrocatalyst Interfaces by Atomic Layer Deposition: Fundamentals to Application
Authors: Wu Fan , Zhou Ling , Guo Daying , Xi Bin
Published: April 2022

Under the scope of “carbon neutrality” and “emissions peak,” renewable energy technologies and systems relying on electrocatalytic reactions (e.g., oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR)), though kinetically slow, are attractive. To promote the efficiency of such systems, engineering of the electrocatalyst interface is an effective strategy. In the fabrication toolbox for complex surface/interface, the advanced atomic‐layer deposition (ALD) technique is superior to conventional methods, evidenced by precise control of thickness, composition, uniformity, etc. This review summarizes recent developments in ALD implementation in a variety of electrocatalytic systems, especially the electrode interface preparation and modulation. Beyond all doubt, the introduction of the ALD process could dramatically increase the number of electrocatalytic‐active sites and hence improve the performance. However, its practical application in this field is open to deliberation, while process cost and complexity are in consideration.
A Facile Three‐Component Catalyst‐Free Strategy: Synthesis of Indeno[1,2‐b][1,6]naphthyridine‐1,10(2H)‐dione Derivatives in Water
Authors: Li Chunmei , Zhang Furen , Li Tianci , Liu Zhiyuan , Shen Zhenlu
Published: April 2022

A catalyst‐free protocol for synthesizing a new series of indeno[1,2‐b][1,6]naphthyridine‐1,10(2H)‐dione derivatives with good to excellent yields was established based on microwave‐assisted domino reaction of 4‐aminopyridin‐2(1H)‐ones, aldehydes and 1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐dione in water. The present approach exhibited useful and green features, such as water as reaction solvent, catalyst‐ and additive‐ free, short reaction time (20–30 min), as well as ease of desired products separation and purification without the need for column chromatography. Also to note, up to four new bonds were formed accompanied by generating water as sole by‐product in this one‐pot procedure.
Outcomes of endoscopic endonasal resection of pediatric craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Patel Tapan D. , Rullan‐Oliver Bianca , Ungerer Heather , Storm Phillip B. , Kohanski Michael A. , Adappa Nithin D. , Palmer James N.
Published: April 2022

Background

Craniopharyngiomas have traditionally been treated via open transcranial approaches. More recent, endoscopic endonasal approaches have been increasingly used; however, there has been limited evaluation of long‐term outcomes for this approach.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed to analyze patients with pediatric craniopharyngioma undergoing endonasal endoscopic resection from 2012 to 2020. Demographic information, clinicopathologic factors, and outcomes including follow‐up and recurrences were analyzed.

Results

All 42 patients, with a mean age of 8.0 years, were included. The median follow‐up time was 49 months. Mean tumor diameter was 3.6 cm. All of the tumors had sellar and suprasellar components. The most common presenting symptoms were headaches (64.3%), visual changes (59.5%), and nausea/vomiting (38.1%). Most patients (73.3%) had resolution of their presenting symptoms by their first postoperative visit. Vision improved or remained normal in 69.0% of patients. Postoperatively, incidence of panhypopituitarism or diabetes insipidus developed in 89.7% and 77.8% of patients, respectively. The postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak rate was 7.1%. The recurrence rate was 9.5%.

Conclusion

Endoscopic endonasal resection for pediatric craniopharyngiomas can achieve high rates of resection with low rates of disease recurrence when compared with the outcomes of open transcranial resection reported in the literature. However, hypothalamic‐pituitary dysfunction remains a significant postoperative morbidity in both approaches.
Regio‐ und stereoselektive Epoxidierung und saure Epoxidöffnung der antibakteriellen und antiplasmodischen Chlorotonile ergeben hochpotente Derivate
Authors: Hofer Walter , Oueis Emilia , Fayad Antoine Abou , Deschner Felix , Andreas Anastasia , de Carvalho Laìs Pessanha , Hüttel Stephan , Bernecker Steffen , Pätzold Linda , Morgenstern Bernd , Zaburannyi Nestor , Bischoff Markus , Stadler Marc , Held Jana , Herrmann Jennifer , Müller Rolf
Published: April 2022

Die Zunahme von antimikrobiellen Resistenzen stellt eine ernsthafte Bedrohung für die öffentliche Gesundheit dar. Der Naturstoff Chlorotonil wurde als neues Antibiotikum identifiziert, das gegen multiresistente Gram‐positive Pathogene und Plasmodium falciparum wirkt. Obwohl Chlorotonil vielversprechende Aktivitäten zeigt, ist das Substanzgerüst hoch lipophil und weist mögliche biologische Labilitäten auf. Deshalb bemühten wir uns um Semisynthesen, um die pharmazeutischen Eigenschaften zu verbessern. Wir konnten die stereoselektive Epoxidierung und Epoxidringöffnung mit moderaten bis guten Ausbeuten demonstrieren, wobei Derivative mit signifikant erhöhter Löslichkeit erhalten wurden. Weiterhin wurde die in vivo‐Stabilität der Derivate verbessert, während deren nanomolare Aktivität gegen wichtige Humanpathogene (z. B. Methicillin‐resistente Staphylococcus aureus und P. falciparum) beibehalten wurde. Wir konnten weiterhin ausgezeichnete Aktivität des Wirkstoffkandidaten in einem murinen S. aureus‐Infektionsmodel zeigen.