bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinea: Incidence during Magh Mela
Authors: Narain Upma , Bajaj Ashok Kumar , Kant Arun
Published: July 2018

Background: Dermatophytosis refer to superficial fungal infection of keratinized tissues caused by keratinophilic dermatophytes. It is common in tropics and may present in epidemic proportions in areas with high rates of humidity.Methods: The retrospective study was carried out from January 2018 to February 2018 at Allahabad. Gram stain, KOH examination and culture were carried out in 300 cases.Results: Out of the 300 suspected cases authors identified, 263 cultures tested positive. The macroscopic examination of the scalp, skin and the nails of these 36 patients further revealed 50.20% Tinea corporis, 17.87% Tinea cruris, 11.02 % Tinea mannum, 8.74% Tinea pedis, 7.99% onychomycosis, 3.42% Tinea versicolor and 0.76% Tinea capitis. Culture examinations revealed 52.47% Trychophyton mentagrophyte, 34.98% Trichyopyton rubrum, 3.80% Trychophyton violaceum, 3.43% Malessesia, 2.28% Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, 1.52% Trichophyton verrucosum, 0.76% Microsporum canis and 0.76% Epidermophyton flucossum.Conclusions: The study concludes that in a short period of Magh Mela authors got a large number of skin patients because of their belief that the holiness Ganga water will cure skin problems by itself. Some of the patients were found infected from the beginning and some gather infections during their stay in the mela period. Therefore, a prompt recognition of skin lesions and the identification of these superficial fungi are required for judicious management.
Association of BMI with markers of angiogenesis in healthy population
Authors: Jaswal Shivani , Kaur Harjeet , Kaur Jasbinder , Gupta Seema
Published: July 2018

Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which can be mediated by an increase in angiogenesis and inflammation. The objective of the present study was to explore the relationship between BMI and levels of VEGF, a circulating biomarker of angiogenesis.Methods: 225 healthy volunteers in the age group of >18 years formed the subjects of the study. Individuals with any acute or chronic illness including history of HT, DM, and smoking, alcohol or drug abuse or on any long term medication were excluded from the study. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and BMI calculated. Blood samples were taken, and serum levels of VEGF were estimated using commercially available ELISA kits. Student’s ‘t’ test was done for comparison and correlation was assessed using Pearson’s method.Results: A statistically significant difference in the levels of VEGF was found in subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2 as compared to subjects with BMI > 25 kg/m2 (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between the levels of VEGF and BMI in both males and female subjects of the study group (r=0.68 and 0.73 respectively).Conclusions: The positive correlation of levels of VEGF with BMI in the healthy subjects of the study group may be related to the expansion of adipose tissue and to the concomitant formation of new vessels to support tissue deposition. These factors may predispose an individual to an increased risk of atherosclerotic damage later in life. VEGF may therefore, have a potential as a biomarker for the prediction of cardiovascular risk and estimation may allow intervening with lifestyle modifications and nutritional changes before the disease is manifested and pharmacotherapy is required.
A rare mediastinal tumor-fat-forming solitary fibrous tumor
Authors: Rai Deependra Kr. , Thakur Somesh , Kr. Abhisheka , Pandey Sanjay
Published: July 2018

Solitary fibrous tumor is uncommon spindle cell mediastinal tumor arising mainly from pleural surface. Authors discuss a clinic-radiological features of Fat forming SFT which is rare variant of SFT in 70yrs old male patients. Initially we kept differential of Liposarcoma, Lymphoma on clinico-radiologically features but later after histopathology and Immunohistochemistery turns out to be Solitary fibrous tumor. Here accurate classification is important as SFT classified as intermediate type (rarely malignant), require wide surgical excision with close follow-up.
Awareness regarding raised blood pressure among adult population of an urban area of Puducherry
Authors: N. Murugan , Mishra Amit Kumar , Chauhan Ramesh Chand , M. Mani , A. Velavan
Published: July 2018

Background: Many people with high blood pressure in developing countries are not aware of their blood pressure status. This study was done to assess the awareness regarding hypertension among urban residents of Puducherry.Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area of Puducherry. All selected household were visited and the available subjects at that time were interviewed. Blood pressure was measured by using OMRON digital automatic blood pressure monitor. Descriptive statistics used to characteristic the distribution of the study respondents.Results: Among a total of 569 participants, 25.3% were hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension was almost equal among male (26.4%) and female (24.1%). Among 144 study participants with hypertension, 74 (51.4%) were aware of their raised blood pressure whereas 70 (48.6%) were identified first time as hypertensive during the study. Majority (87.3%) of study participants responded that they were aware of a condition known as raised blood pressure, although 27.6% participants reported that their blood pressure was never measured by a doctor.Conclusions: Almost one-fourth of study population was hypertensive and the awareness regarding the same was not satisfactory.
Infecto-contagious diseases in day care centers: a systematic review
Authors: Sousa Cícero V. L. , Alves Beatriz C. A. , Perez Matheus M. , Fonseca Ricardo L. A. , Veiga Glaucia R. L. da , Azzalis Ligia A. , Junqueira Virginia B. C. , Fonseca Fernando L. A.
Published: July 2018

Agglomeration and contact among children in day care centers has increased; however, this population has a high level of immunological immaturity, which makes it vulnerable to respiratory and gastrointestinal pathologies. This work aimed to identify the factors predisposing infecto-contagious diseases in day care centers. This is a systematic review of the literature carried out in the international database Pubmed, using the descriptors: Causality, Communicable Diseases, Child Day Care Centers. After adding the descriptors in the database, 79 papers were generated, however only eight fit the criteria established in this study. Day care centers are ideal environments for the development of diseases of the respiratory tract and otitis media, but may be environments that reduce the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and neuroblastoma. There are still few mechanisms to prevent and control infections in these environments.
Association of social factors with low birth weight: a narrative review
Authors: Marimuthu Yamini , Sarkar Sonali , Sakthivel Manikandanesan , K. Yuvaraj , N. Bharathnag , Sarveswaran Gokul
Published: July 2018

Low birth weight (LBW) is a major cause for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Apart from various medical risk factors, social factors also have an impact on birth weight. The objective of the study were to review the globally available evidences on the association between LBW and social factors like social support, spouse support and spouse abuse experienced by the mothers during the antenatal period. A narrative review was done during 2017 in which various literatures available “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” related to the social factors like social support, spouse support and spouse abuse and low birth weight were reviewed after checking for full text availability and removing duplicates. The antenatal mothers with high perceived social support was associated with 60% lesser odds of having LBW. Mothers with high perceived spouse support had 23% lesser odds of having LBW both of which might act through financial, moral, emotional and behavioral pathways. Various studies have found positive association between LBW and spouse abuse and the OR ranged from 1.3 to 3.8. The definitions and instruments used for the social support, spouse support and spouse abuse are varied making it difficult to interpret varied results in different study settings. With the available few evidences it can be concluded that lack of spouse support and social support and the presence of spousal abuse during antenatal period increases the odds of still birth, preterm birth and low birth weight among children.
Satisfaction to healthcare among elderly; comparison study between Egypt and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali Mostafa Faten Sami , El-Shabrawy Ekram M. , El Morsy El Morsy Ahmed , Senosy Shaimaa Ahmed
Published: July 2018

Background: In the context of health care services; clinicians use consumer or patient satisfaction assessment to monitor their performance and alter the delivery of care in order to retain and attract customers. Also to determine how they can better meet the needs of patients and, so, improve patient compliance. This study was designed to examine the satisfaction status of elderly patients utilize the selected geriatric health centers in the study in a comparison way between Egypt and Saudi Arabia in order to improve the geriatric health care program in Egypt.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to assess the geriatric service through assessing the structure, process and geriatric satisfaction from the geriatric health services by an observational checklist and questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22 and Spectrum-5 software.Results: Saudi Arabia centers were significantly higher in patients' satisfaction; there were a statistically significant difference between both countries regarding total satisfaction score (p<0.001).Conclusions: The indicators in both countries under the study suggest a growing proportion of older people in the populations. This study has revealed that efforts to improve health care service for older people have not been fully implemented. Many older people still do not satisfy the offered medical service due to several obstacles. Policymakers must invest in the systems that would encourage and facilitate formal care provision, through partnership between the state and civil society for example and through investing in both old age and family support policies.
A study on prevalence of rotavirus infection in children below 5 years, with acute gastroenteritis
Authors: Manick Dass S. , Pattnaik Snigdha , Amulya K.
Published: July 2018

Background: Diarrheal diseases are among the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide, especially in India. This cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the causative agent of diarrhea among children, below five years, treated at an urban tertiary care hospital, Telangana.Methods: Stool specimens were collected from 240 children under 5 years of age visiting Apollo Medical College, General Hospital in Hyderabad, hospitals due to acute diarrhea. Rapid stool antigen immunochromatograhic testing was used to diagnose rota virus diarrhea. In this test the VP 6 antigen present on the middle layer of the virus capsule is detected.Results: During the 2 months of the study period, 60 children visited the institute seeking treatment of diarrhoea. 11 (18%) of, the children were found to be positive for rota virus infection. It was also observed that, due to advent of rotavirus vaccine, incidence of diarrhea has come down.Conclusions: In our study the prevalence of rotavirus infection in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis below five years of age is 18.3%. This study is performed using an ICT rapid card test in which group A of the rotavirus is detected, the drawback of this study is other groups of rotavirus like B and C which also cause human infections are not detected. Following the rapid ICT card test which is a diagnostic test, ELISA, confirmatory test for the detection of rotavirus should also be done.
Prevalence of symptoms of occupational lung diseases in marble cutting workers
Authors: Shrivastava Ashish , Tomar Shashi P. , Patel Mohit
Published: July 2018

Background: Occupational lung diseases occurs in the workers exposed to occupation related hazards. These include Asthma, COPD, Coal worker pneumoconiosis, Silicosis and Asbestosis. Marble cutting exposes workers to fine dust that can cause a number of pulmonary diseases. Usually these are people from rural areas and they are unaware of health hazards related to occupation. Spreading awareness is the key amongst these people. The objective of the To study the prevalence of symptoms related to occupational lung diseases in marble cutting workers, to estimate current status of preventive measures used and to assess adaptive changes after educational interventionsMethods: A cross-sectional study was done on the marble cutting workers of Bhedaghat who were exposed to dust from marble cutting. A survey of their working environment and level of awareness was done using questionnaires. The workers were questioned about their working environment, usage of local preventive measures and health related problems. They were then taught about occupational hazards and preventive techniques that can be adopted to prevent such hazards. In subsequent visits, again a survey was done on how many of them were using adaptive measures and relevant counselling was done.Results: Most common reported respiratory problem was shortness of breath 26% and utilization of preventive measures was very poor only 5% but After the 2 follow-up visits including interventional measures and health education, the percentage of workers who started using preventive measures increased from 5% to 57.77%.Conclusions: Prevention is the key to occupational lung diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment also play a major role as prolonged exposure to these risk factors may cause irreversible damage. Health education, periodic health checkups and use to protective measures are the essence in preventing occupational lung diseases.
Prevalence and sociodemographic covariates of infertility in Allahabad district
Authors: Kazmi Samreen , Prakash Shiv , Parveen Khurshid , Shaikh Shama , Prakash Gyan
Published: July 2018

Background: Childbearing is an extremely important event in every human’s life and is strongly associated with the ultimate goals of completeness, happiness and family integration. Infertility also has important demographic and health implications. TheWorld Health Organization (WHO), using a two year reference period, defines primary infertility as the lack of conception despite cohabitation and exposure to pregnancy and secondary infertility is defined as the failure to conceive following a previous pregnancy despite cohabitation and exposure to pregnancy (in the absence of contraception, breastfeeding or postpartum amenorrhea) for a period of two years.Methods: The study was conducted for a period of one year in randomly selected rural and urban areas of Allahabad district of Uttar Pradesh. Multistage random sampling was done and sample size was calculated out to be 844. Data was collected on a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Various socio-demographic covariates of infertility were also found.Results: Prevalence of infertility in Allahabad was 8.53%, 11.85% in urban area and 5.21% in rural area. Overall prevalence of primary infertility was 4.98% and secondary infertility was 3.55%. Age of female at the time of marriage, educational and working status of female and socioeconomic status of the couple was found to be significantly associated with infertility.Conclusions: Prevalence of infertility was higher in urban area and overall prevalence of primary infertility was higher as compared to secondary infertility.
A comparative study of anthropometric measurements and hypertension among geriatric patients attending OPD
Authors: G. R. Vishwanath , Sangrulkar Tejaswini V. , S. K. Shrarma , Patil Praveen
Published: July 2018

Background: Hypertension is silent killer, its chronic condition leads to coronary heart diseases, stroke and vascular complications. It is one of the most important treatable causes of mortality and morbidity in the elderly population, the prevalence of hypertension was 40 per cent in 2008, it is estimated that by the year 2025, the majority of the elderly people worldwide will reside in developing countries. Developing countries are thus likely to face an enormous burden of vulnerable elderly population who are predisposed to chronic non‑communicable diseases.Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in geriatric clinic of government medical college, Miraj (1st Nov-31st Dec, 2015).Results: The prevalence of hypertension among study participants was 41.46%. Prevalence of hypertension among male subjects was 56.60% where as it was 28.57% among female subjects. The body mass index was more than cut off point in hypertensive as compared to non-hypertensive in both males and females.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of hypertension in study subjects is 41%. Increased BMI and waist circumference were found in hypertensive.
Awareness of family planning services among ASHA workers in a municipality of northern Kerala
Authors: Ratnam Arya Lokesan , Kumaran Jayasree Anandabhavan
Published: July 2018

Background: Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is one of the key components of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).The success of national health programs on family planning depends on how well ASHAs are trained and perform. Therefore it’s essential to assess the knowledge of ASHA workers. This study intends to assess the awareness of family planning services among ASHA workers in a municipality of northern Kerala.Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted among ASHA workers working in a municipality in Kannur District, during a study period of two weeks (July 1- July14, 2017). Data was collected using a semi structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 software and the results were expressed in terms of means, frequencies and percentage.Results: Majority (42.1%) of the ASHAs belongs to the age group of 42- 45 years and none of them were below 30 years. The mean population catered by ASHA workers were 1250. All of them were experienced for at least 7 years.Conclusions: All ASHA workers had satisfactory knowledge about family planning services. Despite this some of the ASHA workers don’t have adequate knowledge about ECPs, Progesterone only pills and non-contraceptive uses of condom. Hence it is essential to ensure that they are getting proper training from qualified personnel at regular intervals.
Prevalence and pattern of tobacco use among auto rickshaw drivers of South Delhi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Arora Priya , Kaur Gurmeet , Khokar Anita , Jindal A. K.
Published: July 2018

Background: Tobacco is one of the major preventable causes of death and disability worldwide. Tobacco related diseases are a burgeoning public health problem. The pattern of tobacco consumption in India is unique as varied smoked and smokeless products are consumed.Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study.Results: 69% of the auto-rickshaw drivers are currently using tobacco in one form or the other. Use of multiple tobacco products is also quite high; 54% of tobacco users consumed both smoked as well as smokeless forms of tobacco. Bidi smoking is the most common form of tobacco consumption among current users.Conclusions: Tobacco consumption among auto rickshaw drivers is high. The use of multiple products puts them at risk for problems related to both smoked and smokeless tobacco products. Support/services to quit tobacco should be targeted at their workplace as stress and free time during working hours have been cited as main reasons for tobacco consumption.
Intimate partner violence experienced by pregnant women availing antenatal care at a rural hospital in South Karnataka
Authors: Tomy Chitra , Mani Minu Rose , Deepa Sr. , Christy Sr. Ann , Johnson Avita Rose
Published: July 2018

Background: Intimate partner violence is a global phenomenon with 30% of women having faced physical or sexual violence by a partner in their lifetime. Rural women with poor access to health services and counselling, often suffer in silence. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy has a negative effect on maternal and foetal outcomes. The aims of the study were to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence among pregnant women availing antenatal care services in a rural area of South India in current pregnancy and in the past 12 months, and to study the various socio-demographic factors associated with intimate partner violence.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among antenatal women availing services at a rural maternity hospital, using a questionnaire based on NFHS-3, to document physical, emotional and sexual domains of intimate partner violence.Results: Among 150 pregnant women aged 18-29 years, the prevalence of any form of intimate partner violence was 30.7% in the past 12 months before pregnancy (physical 10.7%, sexual 2%, and emotional 26%), and 2.7%. in current pregnancy. Lower educational status of husband and wife, history of alcohol consumption, tobacco usage and unplanned pregnancy were all significantly associated with increased intimate partner violence.Conclusions: Routine antenatal care provides an opportunity to screen women for intimate partner violence, especially those with risk factors like lower level of education, unplanned pregnancy as well as alcohol and tobacco consumption by the husband, which were found to be significantly associated with intimate partner violence in our study.
Utilization of antenatal care and out of pocket expenditure on delivery care in Dakshina Kannada
Authors: Tellis Sharal B. , Rent Priyanka D. , Dmello Mackwin K.
Published: July 2018

Background: Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Factors like education, economic status and out of pocket (OOP) expenditure can affect utilization of maternal health services. Hence this study aims to assess the utilization pattern of maternal health care and the out of pocket expenditure for delivery services in a public maternity hospital.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using primary data from women who delivered in public maternity hospital, Mangaluru during January –February 2018. Study respondents were interviewed using pre-tested, interview schedule. The data was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version.Results: 78.3% of the respondents visited the health care provider during first trimester of pregnancy. 97.3% of the mothers attended ≥4 antenatal visits. The time of the first ANC visit, consumption of Iron folic acid (IFA) tablets, choice of provider for ANC are significantly associated with caste, education of the respondents and their husbands. The mean expenditure for delivery care, including indirect expenditure was ₹2875. Expenditure during delivery was significantly associated with respondent’s education and type of delivery.Conclusions: Socio demographic characteristics like caste and education did seem to have an effect on the utilization of ANC especially consumption of IFA. Education and communication campaigns may aid to improve this. Good implementation of government schemes can help to reduce the direct OOP expenditure for delivery care. The indirect cost associated with maternity care may still be a burden for poor families.
A study on the pattern of skin diseases among migrant labourers visiting a teaching hospital
Authors: Senapathi Pradeep , Kumar Hemant , Kamath Shama , S. Nischitha , V. Mahesh , Bhandary Pradyumna
Published: July 2018

Background: Skin diseases are quite common among migrant workers, yet little research has been done to determine their prevalence and risk factors. Poor living conditions, over-crowding, low standards of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation make them even more vulnerable. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and pattern of skin infections among migrant labourers and their relationship with selected socio-demographic factors.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 300 temporary migrants visiting dermatology OPD of A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences teaching hospital. The duration of study was two months. All patients were diagnosed clinically by qualified dermatologists and supported by relevant investigations.Results: Most of the migrants were males (62%) while remaining (38%) were females. Majority of the migrants (42.3%) belonged to 20-40 years age group. Infectious skin diseases were found among 64.3% of the study subjects while 34.7% of them had non-infectious skin diseases. The lesions were mainly over head and neck (23.3%) followed by abdomen (23%), upper limbs (21.3%) and lower limbs (21.3%).Conclusions: The study revealed a high prevalence of infectious skin diseases among the migrant workers.
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults aged between 30 to 60 years residing in rural area: a cross sectional study
Authors: M. P. Poornima , Walvekar Padmaja R.
Published: July 2018

Background: The burden of diabetes mellitus is expected to increase by 58%, from 51 million people in 2010 to 87 million in 2030. In rural India the prevalence rate has increased from 1% to 4-10% over last 20 years. Objective of the study is to know the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults aged between 30 to 60 years residing in rural area.Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was carried out Agasga, the rural field practice area of Dept. of Community Medicine, among 855 adults aged between 30-60 years by using a predesigned & pretested schedule. Statistical analysis was done using percentages and Chi square test.Results: In this study, 67.24% participants were in age group 30-49 years, 32.74% between 50 to 60 years. 48.53% were male and 51.54% were female participants. 79% of the participants were heavy workers, 17.5% were moderate workers and rest 3.5% were sedentary type of workers. 10.9% were illiterate, and rest 91.1% was literates. 69.3% are BPL card holders. The prevalence of diabetes was 9.5%; 10.8% were at risk of getting Diabetes Mellitus. This gender wise difference in diabetes mellitus was not found to be statistically significant (p=0.986).Conclusions: With high degree of heritability, life style factor diabetes could become a major health hazard in India and this underscores the fact that prevention of diabetes must be one of the important health targets for the nation in this century. Early identification of risks will help in prevention and burden of disease.
ROMATOİD ARTRİTTE BİLİŞSEL BOZUKLUĞUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: EKLEM YIKIMI VE HASTALIK AKTİVİTESİNİN BELİRLEYİCİ DEĞERİ
Authors: Güzel Derya , Sağ Sinem , Sağ Mustafa Serdar , Tekeoğlu İbrahim , Kamanlı Ayhan , Nas Kemal
Published: July 2018

AMAÇ: Romatoid Artrit (RA), oryantasyon, dikkat ve
bellek zayıflığı gibi azalmış bilişsel işlevlere neden olur.
Sunulan bu çalışmanın amacı RA’da bilişsel işlevlerin bir
belirleyicisi olarak eklem yıkımını ve hastalığın diğer parametrelerini
değerlendirmektir.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu kesitsel çalışma, 45 hasta ve 40
sağlıklı kontrol içemektedir. RA’lı hastalarda radyolojik
progresyon skoru (≥0.5, modifiye Sharp / van der Heijde
skorları- MTS’ler), 28 eklemin hastalık aktivite skoru
(DAS-28) ve 44 eklemin hastalık aktivite skoru (DAS-44)
değerlendirildi. Mini Mental Test (MMSE) ve Hastane
Anksiyete Depresyon Ölçeği (HADÖ) değerlendirildi.
Sonuçlar, bilişsel işlevleri belirlemek için hasta ve kontrol
grubu arasında karşılaştırıldı.
BULGULAR: MMSE skorları açısından gruplar arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p=0.003). RA
ve kontrol grupları arasında anksiyete ve depresyon
düzeyleri açısından anlamlı farklılık yoktu. MMSE
skoru; hastalık süresi (p=0.011, r=-0.371), Sharp skoru
(p=0.018, r=-0.350) ve DAS-28(p=0.044, r=-0.296) skoru
ile ilişkilendirildi. Depresyon skoru da DAS ile ilişkiliydi
(p=0.004, r=0.425). Romatoid faktör düzeyleri, antisiklik
sitrullinat peptid düzeyleri ve bilişsel işlev testleri
arasında herhangi bir ilişki bulunamadı.
SONUÇ: Sonuçlar, uzun süredir RA olan hastalarda
inflamatuar mediatörlere maruz kalmanın, eklemleri
etkilediği sürece merkezi sinir sisteminde de bozulmaya
neden olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bilişsel bozulma,
hastalık şiddeti ve eklem yıkımı ile ilişkili idi. Dolayısıyla,
radyografik eklem hasarı, RA’daki bu kronik süreç boyunca
nöronal hasarın ve bilişsel bozulmanın boyutunu yansıtan
pozitif bir ön belirteç olabilir.
ONTOLOGY MODELS FOR REAL TIME SYSTEMS
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University ", Vodyaho A. ,   LETI", Nikiforov V. ,   Saint Petersburg Institute for Information and Automation RAS
Published: July 2018

The modern state of information technologies is characterized by permanently increasing level of requirements to operation effectiveness, cost, duration of development and the level of intelligence of information systems (IS). The effective approach to solution of these problems is the usage of ontology models in all stages of IS life cycle. An essential part of modern IS are real time systems (RTS). In the article the mechanisms of processes management which are used in modern RTS and possible aspects of ontology models used for solving problems appearing in different stages of RTS development are analyzed. From the development point of view, RTS requires a specific architectural design stage. This stage uses architectural ontological models which allow implementation of architectural decision support system and mechanisms of architectural knowledge saving and processing. The structure of architectural ontological model is considered, three levels of model maturity are defined. The composition of knowledge to be included into a model kernel is considered. The built-in ontological models in RTS can be used for implementation of the functions connected with realization of cognitive behavior. It is suggested to use presented architectural ontological model as an element of well known and widely used Zachman's framework.
PROTECTION OF METADATA IN XML FORMAT
Authors:   Federal State Institution of Science St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorobjev V. , Monakhova T. ,   Central Research and Development Institute of the Russian Defense Ministry
Published: July 2018

The article discusses the protection of metadata presented in XML and related languages. At the same time data on the subject area are ordered using ontological methods. A three-component ontological model of the data protection system is proposed on the basis of ontological representations of domain data in terms of protected data and potential threats. A data classification template has been developed that allows you to detail the corresponding classes, enter specific data elements, and cut off unused classes or their subclasses. Based on ontological representations of protected data and actual threats, in accordance with the security policy, an ontological model of the protection tools implemented in the developed system is built. The languages for describing metadata are discussed. It is suggested to use the methods of obfuscation and text steganography to protect the XML document. An algorithm of the modified obfuscation method with random sampling of a part of the code is proposed. A block diagram of an algorithm suitable for the design of metadata protection facilities is constructed. Explanation of the decision to not use the XML document as a stegocontainer is made. Recommendations on the method and sequence of application of ontological metadata protection methods were developed. A description is also given of the specifics of the use of methods of obfuscation and text steganography.
ONTOLOGY-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
Authors:   CentraSib LLC, Grischenko M. , Dorodnykh N. ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory of SB RAS, Korshunov S. ,   CentraSib LLC, Yurin A. ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory of SB RAS
Published: July 2018

Development of problem-oriented intelligent systems for solving semistructured problems remains a topical problem. The solution efficiency of this problem can be increased by improving approaches (methodologies) or creating specialized software. The paper describes an approach for the ontology-based development of diagnostic intelligent systems (including knowledge bases). A model-driven approach is used as a methodological basis with a subsequent redefinition of the main stages, models, transformation rules and means of implementation. The proposed approach is used for development of diagnostic systems in petrochemistry. Diagnosis is considered as the definition of the object’s state, including: monitoring the state, finding a location and determining the causes of a failure, forecasting the state. The objects to be diagnosed are presented as a sequence (chain) of states, where the state is a set of parameters and their values at a given time. The features of the proposed approach implementation are the following: the use of ontology as a computation independent model that describes the features of the problem; the use of the Rule Visual Modeling Language to present the platform independent and platform dependent models; the use of C Language Integrated Production System as a programming language and a target platform. An example of the approach application by means of software prototypes called Knowledge Base Development System and Personal Knowledge Base Designer is described.
FORMATION OF GENERALIZED INDICATORS OF TRANSPORT SYSTEM FROM THE POSITIONS OF STAKEHOLDERS
Authors:   St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikoni S.
Published: July 2018

The problem of the dimension of the various properties of complex objects subject to estimation is solved by grouping the corresponding indicators. For the objects of assessment, modern vehicles, which are complex cyberphysical systems, have been adopted. In contrast to the current approach to solving this problem, based on practical experience and expert assessments, it is proposed to identify all stakeholders interested in assessing the technical level and quality of vehicles. At different stages of the vehicle's life cycle, they are the designer and manufacturer, the seller and the buyer, the user and the technical personnel. The indicators of the transport system are grouped in relation to the interests of stakeholders. It is proposed to begin grouping of indicators from the ultimate goal of the vehicle realized by its user. Using the system approach, other participants in the life cycle of the transport system are identified. The grouping of generalized indicators of vehicles is proposed taking into account the interests and preferences of participants in the life cycle of vehicles on a set of single indicators.
Dêiticos de lugar no galego, português europeu e português do Brasil contemporâneos: proposta de descrição/explicação
Authors: Abraçado Jussara , De Moraes Rachel Maria Campos Menezes
Published: July 2018

Os dêiticos de lugar, em amostras de fala do Galego, Português Europeu e Português do Brasil contemporâneos, constituem o tema deste trabalho que postula haver ligação entre a ativação de esquemas imagéticos e o emprego de dêiticos de lugar. Fundamentado, teoricamente, na Linguística Cognitiva, apoia-se no conceito de esquema imagético, para desvelar relações entre alguns esquemas imagéticos e contextos de uso de dêiticos de lugar nas variedades em estudo.
As metáforas cognitivas estruturais definidoras do conceito de linguagem e a sua consequência na construção do ponto de vista em que o objeto-linguagem será construído
Authors: Silva Maurício da
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar que a metáfora pode ser objeto de estudo científico pois ela não é somente um recurso figurativo reservado aos gênios da literatura. Ocorre no cotidiano como forma de espelho de processos mentais. Falaremos sobre os três tipos de metáfora concebidos por Lakoff e Johnson, metáforas estruturais, orientacionais e ontológicas e mostraremos como os elementos comparantes das metáforas estruturais que definem as concepções de linguagem são os responsáveis pela construção dos princípios dos contêineres teóricos por eles delineados.
Modification of ZSM-5 Zeolite in order to Improve the Yield of Light Olefins during Cracking of Oil and Plant Materials
Authors: Doronin V. P. , Lipin P. V. , Potapenko O. V. , Vysotsky V. V. , Gulyaeva T. I. , Sorokina T. P.
Published: July 2018

The influence of modifying HZSM-5 zeolite as a component of a bizeolite catalyst in transformations of hydrotreated vacuum gasoil, plant oil, and a mixture of vacuum gasoil and plant oil was studied. The modification with phosphorus was established to decrease the specific surface area and meso- and macropore volumes in HZSM-5 zeolite; the higher phosphorus content, the lower main characteristics of the zeolite porous structure. A decrease in the total acidity of P/HZSM-5 and quantitative redistribution between weak and moderate acid sites also was observed. Testing of the zeolites in catalytic cracking revealed that the phosphorus modification favored an increase in the total yield of propane-propylene and butane-butylene fractions containing olefins in high proportions. Alkali treatment of HZSM-4 zeolite with a high silicate module resulted in a higher silicon extraction and in a considerable increase in the specific surface area of mesopores. In addition, strong acid sites of the zeolite were transformed to weaker ones and/or their exposure changed due to partial silicon removal.
Studies of Three-Phase Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene to Aniline in the Presence of a Ruthenium Catalyst
Authors: Doluda V. Yu. , Filatova A. E. , Sulman E. M. , Matveeva V. G. , Mikhailov S. P. , Sidorov A. I. , Kosivtsov Yu. Yu.
Published: July 2018

Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene (NB) is an important technological stage in the production of aniline (AN). The catalytic behavior of hypercrosslinked polystyrene based ruthenium catalyst 3%Ru/MN270 in three-phase hydrogenation of NB to AN is discussed in the paper. The following parameters were varied during the studies: 0.12 to 0.24 mol/L NB, 1.11·10–4to 11.12·10–4mol/L catalyst, 160 to 190 °C, partial hydrogen pressure of 0.113 to 1.013 MPa. The optimal process parameters were determined to provide 98 % selectivity to aniline at 97 % conversion of nitrobenzene.
Development of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Dehydration of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether: a Review
Authors: Bateni Hamed , Able Chad
Published: July 2018

Dimethyl ether (DME) is a promising multisource and multipurpose clean fuel and value-added chemical synthesized from syngas. This process can be either performed in a single stage (direct process) using a dual catalysis system or a two stage (indirect process) where syngas is first converted into methanol and then dehydrated to produce DME. While the dehydration reaction has been studied extensively over multiple decades, to date no review has been conducted on the catalysts involved in the methanol dehydration reaction. This work demonstrates the state of the art in catalyst preparation and analysis for this application. The dominant catalysts are studied extensively in this work, including γ-Al2O3and various zeolites, such as ZSM-5, Y, beta and mordenite as well as their relevant modifications. Additionally, silicaalumina, mesoporous silicates, aluminum phosphate, silicoaluminophosphates, heteropoly acids (HPAs), metal oxides, ion exchange resins and quasicrystals are discussed in this work, owing to the wide variety of catalysts available and studied for the purposes of methanol dehydration to DME.
Wheat leaf epidermal pattern as a model for studying the influence of stress conditions on morphogenesis
Authors: Zubairova U. S. , Doroshkov A. V.
Published: July 2018

The leaf epidermis of a monocotyledonous plant is a widely used  model system for studying the differentiation of plant cells, as it  contains readily observable specialized cells. The approach proposed  in this paper uses a growing cereal leaf to study stress-induced dynamic changes in morphogenesis. In the process of formation, the linear leaf of wheat remains in the stationary growth phase for long. This fact permits us to observe a  series of successive morphogenetic events recorded in the cellular  structure of the mature leaf. In studying the cellular architecture of  the wheat leaf epidermis, we obtained and processed confocal 3D images of wheat leaves stained with fluorescent dyes. This  procedure allows an accurate morphometric description and  determination of quantitative characteristics of the leaf epidermal  pattern. Low temperatures are among the factors limiting the  growing of crop plants in the temperate zone. In the present work,  we show significant aberrations of stomatal morphogenesis in the  epidermis of boot leaves of wheat varieties Saratovskaya 29 and  Yanetskis Probat in response to cold stress. We found that  nonfunctional stomata predominated in the zone of maximum  manifestation of stress, whereas in the zones formed before and  after the stress impact, the developmental anomalies come to the  disturbance in the morphogenesis of subsidiary cells. In  Saratovskaya 29, a significant amount of ectopic trichomes formed  in rows predetermined to stoma formation. The proposed approach  can provide standardized qualitative and quantitative data on  stressinduced morphogenesis aberrations in wheat leaf epidermis.  Subsequently, these data can be used for verification of computer  models of leaf morphogenesis. Further study of the mechanisms of  the effect of cold stress on morphogenesis will add to the search for  additional opportunities to increase wheat yields in areas of risky  agriculture.
Cidade, Afeto e Ocupações: ou a transfiguração do espaço público no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Paiva Raquel , Gabbay Marcello
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo lança um olhar sobre os processos de produção de vínculo nas cidades brasileiras; entendendo a cultura como modus operandi da vida comunitária nas cidades doséculo XXI. Salienta-se a importância do relato de experiências cidadãs no Brasil da atualidade diante da possibilidade do retrocesso político-cultural; assim como das políticasde cultura como estratégias capazes de inserção integral do cidadão na estrutura dasmetrópoles brasileiras, e das cidades como força geradora da vivencia cidadã a partir dassuas expressões culturais.
Impulsivity and problem awareness predict therapy compliance and dropout from treatment for gambling disorder
Authors: Jara-Rizzo María F. , Navas Juan F. , Steward Trevor , López-Gómez Marta , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Perales José C.
Published: July 2018

This study investigates the predictive value of impulsivity traits (as measured by the UPPS-P impulsive behaviour scale) and relevant covariates (sociodemographics, gambling severity, dysphoric mood, other potentially addictive behaviours, and non-verbal intelligence) with regard to treatment dropout and level of adherence to therapy guidelines and instructions in patients with gambling disorder. Sixty-six patients seeking treatment for gambling disorder, and recruited to participate in a larger protocol (G-Brain), were initially assessed in impulsivity traits and relevant covariates in the first six months after admission. Of these, 24 patients dropped out (DO) and 42 patients remained in therapy (NDO) during the subsequent 6-month follow-up period. A multivariate analysis of impulsivity subscales suggested prospective differences between DO and NDO, with affect-driven dimensions (positive and negative urgency) seemingly driving these differences. Among these, only positive urgency independently predicted a slight increase in the drop-out probability. In the NDO group, a higher degree of adherence to therapy was independently predicted by lower sensation-seeking scores and stronger awareness of gambling-related problems. Results suggest the presence of affect-driven impulsivity traits as dropout predictors in patients with gambling disorder. Awareness of gambling-related problems and lower sensation-seeking enhanced compliance with therapeutic guidelines and instructions.
Dental Fear in First and Final Year Dental Students in India
Authors: Chowdhury Chitta , Khijmatgar Shahnawaz , Chowdhury Avidyuti , Gootveld Martin , Lynch Edward
Published: July 2018

Objective The study aims to investigate dental fear in first and final year undergraduate dental students in India. Design Questionnaire survey. Setting BDS Students in four University dental colleges in India carried-out during 2013 and 2014. Subjects (materials) and methods: The students (n=614) were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. We estimated the level of dental fear by using the Modified-Dental-Anxiety-Scale (MDAS). Statistical tests were used: Fisher’s, Chi square and Mann Whitney U tests, Cluster analysis and multivariate regression analysis. Students had similar demographic and life-style patterns. Interventions: Assessed the level of dental fear among undergraduate dental students. Main outcome measures: The MDAS score (mean ± SD) for the first year BDS students was 12.96 ± 4.0 compared to 10.52 ± 3.40 for the final year group. Results: Six hundred and fourteen (n= 614) students from four dental colleges were included in this study.Seventy seven per cent were female (n= 478) and 23% were male (n=136). The mean age of the first year students was 18.31 years, and 21.54 years for the final year.  First year BDS students had an increased level of dental fear (12.96 ± 4.0) compared to the final year (10.52 ± 3.40) which was highly significant (p<0.001). Conclusion(s): Dental fear was significantly higher amongst first year BDS students.
Traditional Communication Media in Rural Information Service Delivery to Adolescents of Selected Communities in OBIO/AKPOR Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Kalu Chidi , Okidi Ijeoma , Unagha Amanze , Chidi-Kalu Esther
Published: July 2018

This research work examined the various communication media used in the rural areas for the purpose of conveying messages to Adolescents in the selected communities in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria - Woji, Rumuigbo, Rumuola, Rumuokwuta and Elelenwo communities. The Taro Yammane Statistical formula for determination of sample size was used in drawing a sample of 363 respondents from a population of 3,630 Adolescents. The simple random sampling method was used in the distribution of the questionnaire to target respondents in the selected communities. Two hundred and eighty two (282) copies of the questionnaire were returned valid, and data from them was analysed and interpreted with the use of frequency tables and percentages. The result shows that traditional communication media is still relevant in the dissemination of information to rural dwellers in general and to Adolescents in particular. The agencies that make use of these media are; village authority, age groups, etc. The research work recommend among others that the government and rural dwellers should hold our traditional and cultural values in high esteem through the use of these media, harmonizing the use of traditional communication media and modern media for effective rural information service delivery.