bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the rural–urban differentials in yoga and mindfulness practices among middle-aged and older adults in India: secondary analysis of a national representative survey
Authors: Sahoo Umakanta , Sharma Santosh K. , Chari Harshita , Nayak Soumya Ranjan , Ali Waad , Muhammad T.
Published: December 2023

Physical activity and mental well-being play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases and in promoting independence among older adults. Appropriate physical activity, including yoga and mindfulness practices, can help rectify the loss of independence due to aging and have a positive influence on physical health and functional activities. This study assessed rural–urban differences in yoga and mindfulness practices and their associated factors among middle-aged and older Indian adults. The total sample size considered for the current analysis was 72,250 middle-aged and older adults (aged ≥ 45 years). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of yoga and mindfulness practices and examine the associations of selected variables with yoga and mindfulness practices among the participants. Further, we used the Fairley decomposition technique to determine the factors contributing to rural–urban differences in the prevalence of yoga and mindfulness practices among middle-aged and older adults. More than 9% of middle-aged and older adults in rural areas and 14% in urban areas reported practicing yoga and mindfulness activities more than once per week. Adults aged ≥ 65 years were more likely to practice yoga and mindfulness activities than those who age 45–54 years were. Those with an education of ten years and above were 2.3 and 2.1 times higher likely to practice yoga in rural (AOR: 2.28; CI: 2.07–2.52) and urban (AOR: 2.13; CI: 1.91–2.37) areas compared to their uneducated peers, respectively. The largest contributors in diminishing the gap in yoga practice among participants were education (44.2%), caste (2.5%), chronic diseases such as hypertension (4.53%), diabetes (1.71%), high cholesterol (3.08%), self-reported pain (5.76%), and difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (1.22%). The findings suggest that middle-aged and older adults in urban areas practice yoga and mindfulness activities more than their peers in rural areas do. Education level, household characteristics, and health outcomes such as chronic conditions, pain, and functional difficulties explain the observed differences in yoga and mindfulness practices across rural and urban areas. Age-appropriate healthy practices such as yoga and mindfulness should be encouraged to enhance the physical and mental well-being of middle-aged and older adults, especially in rural areas.
Evaluation of antibacterial properties of nisin peptide expressed in carrots
Authors: Fallah Ziarani Masoumeh , Tohidfar Masoud , Mirjalili Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2023

Nisin, derived from Lactococcus lactis, is a well-known natural food preservative. In the present study, the gene of nisin was transformed to carrot by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the recombinant binary vector pBI121 containing neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) gene, peptide signal KDEL, and Kozak sequence. The integration of nisin and nptII transgenes into the plant genome was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dot blot analysis. The gene expression was also performed by RT-PCR and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The level of nisin expressed in one gram of transgenic plant ranged from 0.05 to 0.08 μg/ml. The stability of nisin varied in orange and peach juices depending on the temperature on the 70th day. The leaf protein extracted from the transgenic plant showed a significant preservative effect of nisin in peach and orange juice. A complete inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in orange juice was observed within 24 h. After 24 h, log 1 and log 2 were obtained in a peach juice containing Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Results of HPLC indicated that Chlorogenic and Chicoric acid compounds were increased in transgenic plants, but this increase was not significant. The study of determining the genetic stability of transgenic plants in comparison with non-transgenic plants showed high genetic stability between non-transgenic plants and transgenic plants. This study confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of nisin protein on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Potential biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and petroleum hydrocarbons by indigenous fungi recovered from crude oil-contaminated soil in Iran
Authors: Fallahi Maryam , Sarempour Mohammadsaeed , Mirzadi Gohari Amir
Published: December 2023

A total of 265 fungal individuals were isolated from soils exposed to heavy oil spills in the Yadavaran oil field in Iran to discover indigenous fungal species with a high potential to biodegrade petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. Morphological and molecular identification of obtained fungal species led to their assignment into 16 genera and 25 species. Alternaria spp. (78%), Fusarium spp. (5%), and Cladosporium spp. (4%) were the most common genera, along with Penicillium spp., Neocamarosporium spp., Epicoccum sp., Kotlabaea sp., Aspergillus sp., Mortierella sp., and Pleurotus sp. A preliminary screening using the DCPIP indicator revealed that approximately 35% of isolates from Alternaria, Epicoccum, Neocamarosporium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Stachybotrys, Penicillium, and Stemphylium demonstrated promising tolerance to crude oil. The best-performing isolates (12 fungal individuals) were further investigated for their capacity to mineralize a mixture of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) for 47 days, quantified by GC–MS. Eventually, two top-performing isolates, namely 5c-12 (Alternaria tenuissima) and 3b-1 (Epicoccum nigrum), were applied to petroleum-contaminated soil. The GC–MS analysis showed that 60 days after inoculation, these isolates successfully degraded more than 70% of the long-chain hydrocarbons in the soil, including C8-C16 n-alkanes, C36 n-alkane, and Pristane. This study introduces two fungal species (5c-12 and 3b-1) with high potential for biodegrading petroleum compounds and PAHs, offering promising prospects for the decontamination of oil-contaminated soil.
Research on high proportion of clean energy grid-connected oscillation risk prediction technology based on CNN and trend feature analysis
Authors: Pu Wang , Yingnan Xie , Chongjuan Zhao , Hong Shi , Yingwei Fan , Yunfeng Lu , Han Ding , Ye Jin , xueying Yan , yuying Hu
Published: December 2023

Oscillations, commonly known as a universal, propagative, and intricate event in the new power system, often give rise to generator tripping and load shedding, not only adversely affecting the power flow limit and the power angle stability but also posing threats to the lines of defense for stability and protection. Traditionally, emphasis has been laid on post-fault oscillation management, an emergency measure to deal with the impact and damage that have already affected the power grid. As such, this paper focuses on an oscillation prediction technique to detect oscillation energy early and intervene proactively to prevent further faults. This technique effectively lessens the damage caused by impacts and disconnects to the power grid. Firstly, this paper proposes the concept of disturbance power density and establishes the correlation between disturbance energy and the time domain, thereby exploring a method for evaluating the pattern of electrical quantities before power system oscillation. Secondly, it speeds up the time it takes to detect faults by catching nuances of voltage-current phase angle and impedance. Lastly, it puts forward a technique to cope with the intricacy and variety of power grid equipment using the convolutional neural network (CNN). This technique incorporates an integrated attention mechanism within a one-dimensional CNN model to capture the implicit mapping between voltage, active power, and reactive power at any time in the power system. This enables the model to self-learn multi-device characteristics and enhances the possibility of using theory in practical ways. Moreover, practical case studies also show that the prediction technique proposed in this paper can effectively issue warnings eight minutes before the occurrence of oscillation.
High-elevation snowpack loss during the 2021 Pacific Northwest heat dome amplified by successive spring heatwaves
Authors: Reyes Luke , Kramer Marc G.
Published: December 2023

A heatwave in June 2021 exposed Pacific Northwest (PNW) snowpack to record temperatures, allowing us to probe seasonal snowpack response to short-term heat extremes. Using high-resolution contiguous snowpack and temperature datasets (daily 1 km2 SNODAS, 4 km2 PRISM), we examined daily snowmelt in cooler, higher-elevation zones during this event, contrasted with the prior 18 years (2004–2021). We found that multiple early season (spring) heatwaves, concluding with the 2021 heat dome itself, resulted in dramatic early season melt including the most persistent fraction of PNW snowpack. Using longer-term station records (1940–2021), we show that springtime +5 °C daily anomalies were historically rare but since the mid-1990s have doubled in frequency and/or intensity, now potentially affecting typically cool La Niña periods (2021). Collectively, these results indicate that successive heat extremes drive rapid snowmelt, and these extremes may increasingly threaten previously resilient fractions of seasonal snowpack.
Kilometer-scale global warming simulations and active sensors reveal changes in tropical deep convection
Authors: Bolot Maximilien , Harris Lucas M. , Cheng Kai-Yuan , Merlis Timothy M. , Blossey Peter N. , Bretherton Christopher S. , Clark Spencer K. , Kaltenbaugh Alex , Zhou Linjiong , Fueglistaler Stephan
Published: December 2023

Changes in tropical deep convection with global warming are a leading source of uncertainty for future climate projections. A comparison of the responses of active sensor measurements of cloud ice to interannual variability and next-generation global storm-resolving model (also known as k-scale models) simulations to global warming shows similar changes for events with the highest column-integrated ice. The changes reveal that the ice loading decreases outside the most active convection but increases at a rate of several percent per Kelvin surface warming in the most active convection. Disentangling thermodynamic and vertical velocity changes shows that the ice signal is strongly modulated by structural changes of the vertical wind field towards an intensification of strong convective updrafts with warming, suggesting that changes in ice loading are strongly influenced by changes in convective velocities, as well as a path toward extracting information about convective velocities from observations.
Reliance on fossil fuels increases during extreme temperature events in the continental United States
Authors: Zhao Wenli , Zhu Biqing , Davis Steven J. , Ciais Philippe , Hong Chaopeng , Liu Zhu , Gentine Pierre
Published: December 2023

Increasing extreme climate events driven by climate change raise the question of their impacts on the power production system, and implications for renewable versus fossil power supply. Here, using climate reanalysis data and daily electricity generation (2018–2023), we systematically quantify the impact of extreme climate events, specifically extreme cold events and extreme hot events on United States state-level carbon emissions and on the carbon intensity of electricity. We find that extreme climate events increase the carbon intensity of the energy production, increasing the reliance on fossil-based sources of energy and reducing the capacity of renewables. The states with more renewable electricity generation were also more affected by extreme temperatures. Our results reveal the extent to which the reliability and resilience of the current United States electricity system depends on fossil energy during extreme climate events, and suggest a need for adaptation measures as the country will transition to higher shares of renewable energy while extreme events will become more frequent.
Real-time multimodal sensory detection using widefield hippocampal calcium imaging
Authors: Sun Dechuan , Yu Yang , Habibollahi Forough , Unnithan Ranjith Rajasekharan , French Chris
Published: December 2023

The hippocampus is a complex structure that has a major role in learning and memory. It also integrates information from multisensory modalities, supporting a comprehensive cognitive map for both spatial and non-spatial information. Previous studies have been limited to real-time spatial decoding, typically using electrodes. However, decoding hippocampal non-spatial information in real time has not been previously described. Here, we have constructed a real-time optical decoder driven by the calcium activity of large neuronal ensembles to decode spatial, visual, and auditory information effectively. Using advanced machine learning techniques, our rapid end-to-end decoding achieves high accuracy and provides a multisensory modality detection method. This method enables the real-time investigation of hippocampal neural coding and allows for direct neural communication with animals and patients affected by functional impairments. The ability to decode multimodal sensory inputs in real time thus forms the basis for an all-optical brain-computer interface.
Survey of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) in Connecticut, USA reveals low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and infection with divergent betacoronaviruses
Authors: Earnest Rebecca , Hahn Anne M. , Feriancek Nicole M. , Brandt Matthew , Filler Renata B. , Zhao Zhe , Breban Mallery I. , Vogels Chantal B. F. , Chen Nicholas F. G. , Koch Robert T. , Porzucek Abbey J. , Sodeinde Afeez , Garbiel Alexa , Keanna Claire , Litwak Hannah , Stuber Heidi R. , Cantoni Jamie L. , Pitzer Virginia E. , Olarte Castillo Ximena A. , Goodman Laura B. , Wilen Craig B. , Linske Megan A. , Williams Scott C. , Grubaugh Nathan D.
Published: December 2023

Diverse mammalian species display susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Potential SARS-CoV-2 spillback into rodents is understudied despite their host role for numerous zoonoses and human proximity. We assessed exposure and infection among white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) in Connecticut, USA. We observed 1% (6/540) wild-type neutralizing antibody seroprevalence among 2020–2022 residential mice with no cross-neutralization of variants. We detected no SARS-CoV-2 infections via RT-qPCR, but identified non-SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus infections via pan-coronavirus PCR among 1% (5/468) of residential mice. Sequencing revealed two divergent betacoronaviruses, preliminarily named Peromyscus coronavirus-1 and -2. Both belong to the Betacoronavirus 1 species and are ~90% identical to the closest known relative, Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus. In addition, to provide a comparison, we also screened a species with significant SARS-CoV-2 infection and exposure across North America: the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). We detected no active coronavirus infections and 7% (4/55) wild-type SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody seroprevalence. Low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence suggests white-footed mice may not be sufficiently susceptible or exposed to SARS-CoV-2 to present a long-term human health risk. However, the discovery of divergent, non-SARS-CoV-2 betacoronaviruses expands the diversity of known rodent coronaviruses and further investigation is required to understand their transmission extent.
Nano-chitosan boosts sesame plant anti-herbivore defenses and seed nutritional metabolites
Authors: Xiao Zhenggao , Ji Haihua , Yue Le , Chen Feiran , Yan Xiu-Ping , Wang Zhenyu , Rasmann Sergio
Published: December 2023

Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) play an important elicitor role in activating chemical defense of sesame plants against Spodoptera litura and promoting seed nutritional metabolites.
Potential of Brazilian berries in developing innovative, healthy, and sustainable food products
Authors: Peixoto Araujo Nayara Macêdo , Berni Paulo , Zandoná Lais Ramalho , Toledo Nataly Maria Viva de , Silva Paula Porrelli Moreira da , Toledo Angélica Aparecida de , Maróstica Junior Mário Roberto
Published: December 2023

There is a considerable diversity of Brazilian berries, purple in color, and potentially rich in anthocyanins, which are an unexplored source of new foods, products, extracts, and compounds of economic and social interest.
The future of foods
Authors: Knorr Dietrich , Augustin Mary Ann
Published: December 2023

Current food systems reduce, deplete and pollute our limited global resources.
Protocatechuic acid alleviates TMAO-aggravated atherosclerosis via mitigating inflammation, regulating lipid metabolism, and reshaping gut microbiota
Authors: Ding Huafang , Liu Jianhui , Chen Zixing , Huang Shouhe , Yan Chi , Kwek Erika , He Zouyan , Zhu Hanyue , Chen Zhen-Yu
Published: December 2023

PCA could reverse the pro-atherosclerotic effect of dietary TMAO, which is accompanied by modulation of inflammatory cytokines, fatty acid metabolism and the gut microbiota composition.
Coordination bond cleavage of metal–organic frameworks and application to flame-retardant polymeric materials
Authors: Song Kunpeng , Pan Ye-Tang , He Jiyu , Yang Rongjie
Published: December 2023

The preparation of MOF-based flame retardants derived from coordination bond cleavage is comprehensively reviewed for the first time. Furthermore, the unique advantages and future prospects of cleaved MOFs in the flame retardant field are proposed.
Bacterial cellulose nanoparticles as a sustainable drug delivery platform for protein-based therapeutics
Authors: Balistreri Gabrielle N. , Campbell Ian R. , Li Xinqi , Amorim Julia , Zhang Shuai , Nance Elizabeth , Roumeli Eleftheria
Published: December 2023

BCNPs prepared from a kombucha co-culture can serve as a sustainable delivery platform for protein-based drugs. The amorphous nanoparticles form a mesh-like fibrillar network that is thermally stable and can be produced at scale.
Direct ink writing of polyimide aerogels for battery thermal mitigation
Authors: Cipriani Ciera E. , Dornbusch Donald A. , Vivod Stephanie L. , Pentzer Emily B.
Published: December 2023

Direct ink writing of polyimide aerogels enables custom-fit thermal insulators, increasing the ionic conductivity of a solid-state electrolyte battery tenfold.
Assembly of a cadmium(ii)-based chiral complex: crystal structure and optical properties for solid state white-light emission applications
Authors: Gassara Mahdi , Liu Xinghui , Guesmi Ahlem , Houas Ammar , Ben Hamadi Naoufel , Naïli Houcine
Published: December 2023

A low dimensional Cd(ii)-based chiral complex was elaborated. The photoluminescence properties of the prepared assembly are consistent with a white light emission close to that of sunlight.
Thermo-responsive injectable hydrogels from linear and star-shaped block copolymers composed of amino acid-derived vinyl polymer and poly(ethylene glycol) for biomedical applications
Authors: Nakamura Mitsuki , Nishimura Shin-nosuke , Higashi Nobuyuki , Koga Tomoyuki
Published: December 2023

Injectable hydrogels were developed from linear and star-shaped thermo-responsive amino acid-derived vinyl polymer/polyethylene glycol block copolymers, and revealing their usefulness as three-dimensional scaffolds for biological applications.
Solar-driven electrochemical NH3 splitting into H2 and N2 on BiVO4-based photoanodes
Authors: Teranishi Miwako , Naya Shin-ichi , Tada Hiroaki
Published: December 2023

From the viewpoints of energy and the environment, NH3 splitting into N2 and H2 is an important challenge in chemistry, and we have found that BiVO4 is a highly promising base photoanode material for it.
Correction: Hierarchical Co/MoNi heterostructure grown on monocrystalline CoNiMoOx nanorods with robust bifunctionality for hydrazine oxidation-assisted energy-saving hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xiao Zehao , Wang Jie , Lu Hongxiu , Qian Yinyin , Zhang Qiang , Tang Aidong , Yang Huaming
Published: December 2023

Correction for ‘Hierarchical Co/MoNi heterostructure grown on monocrystalline CoNiMoOx nanorods with robust bifunctionality for hydrazine oxidation-assisted energy-saving hydrogen evolution’ by Zehao Xiao et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, 15749–15759, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA02930A.
Proton damage effects in double polymorph γ/β-Ga2O3 diodes
Authors: Polyakov Alexander Y. , Vasilev Anton A. , Kochkova Anastasiia I. , Shchemerov Ivan V. , Yakimov Eugene B. , Miakonkikh Andrej V. , Chernykh Alexei V. , Lagov Petr B. , Pavlov Yrii S. , Doroshkevich A. S. , Isaev R. Sh. , Romanov Andrei A. , Alexanyan Luiza A. , Matros Nikolai , Azarov Alexander , Kuznetsov Andrej , Pearton Stephen
Published: December 2023

The stable beta polymorph Ga2O3 was converted to gamma polymorph by ion irradiation. The current–voltage characteristics show the gamma polymorph is much more rad-hard.
Nanocrystals of divalent europium-doped CsPbCl3 perovskites: a novel optoelectronic material with dual-emissions
Authors: Yuan He , Jin Shilin , Zheng Song , Xie Rong , Pang Tao , Zhuang Bin , Huang Feng , Chen Daqin
Published: December 2023

A new type of dual-emitter based on the Eu2+-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystal is developed, showing narrowband violet emission of excitons and broadband orange emission of Eu2+.
Light-driven hydrogen evolutionviaa novel pincer/no pincer mechanism including a possible concerted proton electron transfer
Authors: Viertl-Strasser Wolfgang , Pann Johann , Pehn Richard , Roithmeyer Helena , Kopacka Holger , Hofer Thomas S. , Thompson Mark E. , Mencke Austin , Brüggeller Peter
Published: December 2023

New water reduction catalysts containing secondary amines in the backbones show turnover numbers for photochemical hydrogen evolution up to 2237.
Carbon spheres with catalytic silver centres as selenium hosts for stable lithium–selenium batteries
Authors: Sudharma Jahnavi M. , Jayaprakash Sreelakshmy K. , Suriyakumar Shruti , Rajbongshi Bhargav , Shaijumon Manikoth M.
Published: December 2023

A silver-centred carbon host for a Li–Se battery cathode is developed by a simple microwave-assisted approach. The successful immobilization of polyselenides by silver catalyst within the pores of the carbon spheres offers improved cycling stability.
Expanding horizons of tandem repeats in biology and medicine: Why ‘genomic dark matter’ matters
Authors: Hannan Anthony J.
Published: December 2023

Approximately half of the human genome includes repetitive sequences, and these DNA sequences (as well as their transcribed repetitive RNA and translated amino-acid repeat sequences) are known as the repeatome. Within this repeatome there are a couple of million tandem repeats, dispersed throughout the genome. These tandem repeats have been estimated to constitute ∼8% of the entire human genome. These tandem repeats can be located throughout exons, introns and intergenic regions, thus potentially affecting the structure and function of tandemly repetitive DNA, RNA and protein sequences. Over more than three decades, more than 60 monogenic human disorders have been found to be caused by tandem-repeat mutations. These monogenic tandem-repeat disorders include Huntington's disease, a variety of ataxias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, as well as many other neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, tandem-repeat disorders can include fragile X syndrome, related fragile X disorders, as well as other neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, these monogenic tandem-repeat disorders, which were discovered via their dominant or recessive modes of inheritance, may represent the ‘tip of the iceberg’ with respect to tandem-repeat contributions to human disorders. A previous proposal that tandem repeats may contribute to the ‘missing heritability’ of various common polygenic human disorders has recently been supported by a variety of new evidence. This includes genome-wide studies that associate tandem-repeat mutations with autism, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and various types of cancers. In this article, I will discuss how tandem-repeat mutations and polymorphisms could contribute to a wide range of common disorders, along with some of the many major challenges of tandem-repeat biology and medicine. Finally, I will discuss the potential of tandem repeats to be therapeutically targeted, so as to prevent and treat an expanding range of human disorders.
Nutritional and energy value of muscle tissue of Limousine bulls of different genotypes
Authors: Sedykh Tatyana , Subhankulov Niyaz , Gizatullin Rinat , Klokova Olga , Kosilov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a comparative study of the nutritional and energy value of beef obtained from bull calves of different genotypes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional and energy value of beef obtained from Limousin bulls of different genotypes. The research objects were half carcasses obtained as a result of control slaughter of Limousin breed bull calves, descendants of mothers of different origin, bred in the Kuyurgazinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the "Meat Union of Bashkir producers" Ltd. The bull calves were raised according to the cow-calf system, weaning from mothers was carried out at the age of 8 months before stabling, then growing up, the first and second periods of fattening were carried out. Control slaughter of bull calves was carried out when they reached the required meat condition at the age of 18 months. In the course of the studies of dry matter, protein, extracted fat and energy value of carcass muscle tissue, a significant increase in the dry matter, protein, extracted fat, and energy content was observed (p≤0.05) 8.8kg higher performance of bull calves with mothers of French origin compared to carcasses of bull calves from mothers of Australian origin (11.8%), at 5.3kg (12.8%), at 3.1 kg (10.1%) and at 248.6 MJ (12.8%) accordingly. Based on the data obtained, it can be assumed that the breeding of animals for a long period of time under conditions of different housing and feeding technologies influences the chemical composition characteristics and the energy value of the meat of the representatives of the Limousin cattle breed studied.
Construction of a project risk assessment model based on a probabilistic simulation approach
Authors: Khorev A.I. , Lapshina M.L. , Belyaeva G.V. , Lukina O.O. , Lapshin D.D.
Published: December 2023

Manifestations of risk in the economic sphere of human activity have entailed numerous definitions and interpretations, a significant part of which are associated with two statements: a) risk is caused by random events outside the sphere of influence of the risk subject;b) the economic consequences of these events are undesirable or unacceptable for him.An ambiguous interpretation of the original concept leads to an incorrect formulation of the problem of formalizing the process of optimizing investment projects.The paper provides an analysis of the possibility of resolving the problem using a simulation-probabilistic approach.
Time series modeling for risk management of the implementation of scientific policy goals in conditions of uncertainty in the creation of new network management systems
Authors: Kartsan Igor , Zhukov Aleksandr , Pronichkin Sergey , Talagaeva Dar'ya , Gedzyun Viktor , Kozlova Tatiana
Published: December 2023

The use of mechanisms of development institutions to support small innovative enterprises involved in the creation of new management systems is necessary to accelerate the transformation of the economy. The activities of small innovative enterprises are associated with certain risks. The mathematical formalization of risks was carried out on the basis of criteria such as the variance of the utility function values under uncertainty. A systematic analysis of the attribute space for the evaluation of small innovative enterprises and the identification of abnormal levels of temporary data sets was carried out. Models are proposed to describe the trend and oscillatory components of risk analysis and short-term forecasting. The cyclical nature of the performance indicators of small innovative enterprises and the dysfunction of the national innovation system are revealed.
Improving the methodology of internal control of financial statements as a tool for managing the activities of the organization
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Alsou , Khusainova Amina , Zalilova Zariya , Mavlieva Leysan , Bakirova Ramzilya
Published: December 2023

In modern conditions the issues of providing the management of the economic entity with timely and reliable information about the financial and economic activities of the organization become particularly important. The main source of such information is the internal control of the accounting financial statements. The study's goal is to provide methodological tools for internal control of accounting financial statements in order to better control measure design and implementation. The primary directions of internal control were specified within the framework of the research, and working papers of internal control were prepared to contribute to the improvement of audit technique. To improve the planning of the internal control of the accounting financial statements a working document is offered that allows to increase the efficiency of the control measures and to systematize the results of the control procedures in a timely manner. The identified differences between the data of financial reports and data of accounting registers allow to draw conclusions about the deviations that may arise when transferring indicators from accounting registers to the reporting form. The internal control papers presented enable for the systematization of the outcomes of control processes and the provision of information to the economic entity's management for management choices.
Traditional marketing modification in experience economy as a modern concept of sales management in service market
Authors: Sorokina Yulia
Published: December 2023

Today we witness a continuous "human and his needs complication" associated with the scientific and technological process, changes in the sociocultural component of society, the development of market economy, etc. Various factors that affect society development have caused a qualitative change in the structure of human needs. With the intensive growth of supply in the market of goods and services, organisations face increased competition in various sectors of the economy. This raises a research question related to the identification of new approaches to the development of enterprise competitiveness and better satisfaction of human needs through the prism of impression marketing. The main objective of this study is to determine the vectors of application of tools and methods of impression marketing in business and their ways to assess their effectiveness. For this purpose, within the framework of the theoretical component, an analysis of conceptual and empirical articles contained in the Scopus database, Web of Science, as well as relevant information obtained through the study of articles by Russian academics in specialised journals, monographs, and conference abstracts is made. The scientific results obtained in the course of the research allow an increment of knowledge on the issue of application of tools and methods of impression marketing in sales management in the service market. The application of the research results in organisations selling services will allow to change the concept of promotion and implementation of services through the prism of impression marketing, taking into account consumer experience and identifying the most effective points of contact of consumers.
Sustainable development of regional economy: Institutional framework
Authors: Kurbanova Zalina , Yusupov Mikhail
Published: December 2023

Sustainable development is a guiding principle of modern economic development. It is stipulated by the necessity to reconcile two opposing tendencies – economic progress and environment protection in such a way that will be beneficial not only for current, but future generations as well. Countries incorporate goals of sustainable development in their national policies and legislation as they clearly realize the danger of neglecting environmental problems, which is demonstrated by the authors on the example of disasters and crisis situations worldwide. The authors are convinced that sustainable development of regional economy should be based on a certain institutional framework. They analyze the whole complex of elements and connections between them which institutional framework is comprised of, and come to conclusion that their correlation and complementarity will contribute to harmonious development of the economy of a region with no discrimination against the environment, which exactly corresponds with the goals of sustainable development.
Formalization of marketing management approaches from the perspective of system analysis
Authors: Khukhlaev Dmitriy , Tsuverkalova Olga
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the key goal of marketing, which is the satisfaction of public needs through commodity-money exchange, within the framework of the implementation of various concepts and approaches in marketing. A feature of the study is the consideration of this issue from the standpoint of system analysis. That allowed to formalize the problem, hindering the achievement of the main goal of marketing: the discrepancy of the current potential of the manufacturer to the needs of the customer. As a result, logical schemes were constructed to eliminate the systemic problem of achieving a marketing goal for the following marketing concepts: traditional, cognitive, sales, interaction (co-creation), development and marketing of advanced development. Mathematical models were proposed for the developed logic schemes.
Methodological basis for constructing a management system for a multi-level socio-economic system with information asymmetry
Authors: Gurtuev Alim , Makhosheva Salima , Ivanov Zaur , Khadzhieva Mariyam , Abazokov Mukhamed
Published: December 2023

The modern world economy is in a constant state of transformation, and innovation has become a key success factor for states, companies and individual entrepreneurs. However, innovation is not limited to just developing new products or technologies. They also include the creation and development of innovation systems that ensure effective interaction between various levels and subjects in the process of innovation. Multi-level innovation systems are a complex and important aspect of the modern economy. This article examines the key aspects of such systems, their role in stimulating innovation and economic development, the prospects and challenges they face, as well as the concept of multi-level innovation systems, and explores their importance, features and practical aspects in the modern world.
Development of a software suite for managing data of a social enterprise
Authors: Kotsyuba Igor , Sazhneva Lioubov , Kropotov Nikita , Tcukanova Olga , Shikov Alexey
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of problems associated with the lack of animal registration systems in government agencies, information about them, the selection of animals for new owners, as well as the search for a suitable veterinary clinic, shelter or pet store. In the article, the authors reveal the possibilities of using automation tools to create animal profiles, selection filters that will allow you to choose the most suitable pet, and also provide the opportunity to find shelters and veterinary clinics. As a result of the analysis of the subject area, the authors formed functional requirements, presented a platform for implementing a web application, an integrated development environment, as well as a high-level Django framework, which made it possible to create a web application for shelters that allows you to search for pets and also contains an online map displaying veterinary clinics, shelters and pet stores.
Advancing parallel programming integrating artificial intelligence for enhanced efficiency and automation
Authors: Zaripova Rimma , Mentsiev Adam , Kovrizhnykh Olga
Published: December 2023

This article delves into the burgeoning integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in parallel programming, highlighting its potential to transform the landscape of computational efficiency and developer experience. We begin by exploring the fundamental role of parallel programming in modern computing and the inherent challenges it presents, such as task distribution, synchronization, and memory management. The advent of AI, especially in machine learning and deep learning, offers novel solutions to these challenges. We discuss the application of AI in automating the creation of parallel programs, with a focus on automatic code generation, adaptive resource management, and the enhancement of developer experience. The article examines specific AI methods – genetic algorithms, reinforcement learning, and neural networks – and their application in optimizing various aspects of parallel programming. Further, we delve into the prospects of combining these AI methods for a synergistic effect, emphasizing the potential for increased efficiency and accuracy. The importance of integrating AI technologies with existing development tools is also highlighted, aiming to bring AI's benefits to a broader developer audience. The article concludes with an outlook on future research directions, including the development of adaptable AI models tailored to diverse tasks and environments in parallel programming. These advancements promise to make parallel programming more powerful, accessible, and efficient, paving the way for a new era of computational capability and innovation.
Development of the injection current source for the information-measuring system of electrical impedance tomography of biological object
Authors: Aleksanyan G.K. , Kucher A.I. , Gorbatenko N.I. , Nguyen C.M.
Published: December 2023

To implement an electrical impedance tomography device, it is necessary to develop one of its most important components - an injected current source, which characteristics affect the metrological characteristics of whole device. In this regard, the task was set to develop such a current source that satisfies a number of requirements regarding the stability of its operation in a given range of frequencies and output current amplitudes, as well as load resistances. As a result of the work performed, a voltage-controlled injected current source for an electrical impedance tomography device was developed, manufactured, and investigated. The error of the amplitude of the output current and the error of the frequency of the output current were studied using a mathematical model and during a full-scale experiment. Active resistance and a biological object were used as a load. As a result of the simulation, it was found that the error in the amplitude of the output current does not exceed 1-5% for a given range of load resistances and frequencies.
Integrating parallelism and asynchrony for high-performance software development
Authors: Zaripova Rimma , Mentsiev Adam , Perukhin Marat
Published: December 2023

This article delves into the crucial roles of parallelism and asynchrony in the development of high-performance software programs. It provides an insightful exploration into how these methodologies enhance computing systems' efficiency and performance. The discussion begins with an overview of high-performance programs and their importance in modern computing, followed by a detailed analysis of parallelism, including its hardware and software aspects, various programming models, and diverse applications in fields like computational tasks, data processing, and machine learning. The article then shifts focus to asynchrony, elaborating on its implementation through callback functions, promises, and the async/await syntax. It highlights the significant benefits of asynchrony in improving program responsiveness and efficiency, especially in I/O-bound and network-intensive operations. A critical section of the article examines the combined application of parallelism and asynchrony in different domains, notably in Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) computations, distributed systems, and web development. This combination is shown to be particularly effective in handling Big Data, where rapid and efficient data processing is essential. The article concludes by emphasizing the indispensable nature of these approaches in modern software development. Parallelism and asynchrony are not merely performance enhancement tools but are fundamental in building innovative, resilient, and scalable software solutions. This comprehensive exploration underscores the ongoing relevance of these methodologies and their potential to drive further advancements in the field of high-performance computing.
Readiness comparison of foreign students of different directions to study at a Russian university
Authors: Yadrovskaya M. V. , Bulygin Yu. A. , Petrova A. V.
Published: December 2023

An effective system of pre-university training is the key to the competitiveness of Russian universities in teaching foreign students. The study is devoted to a comparison of the processes of formation of readiness, typical for students in different areas: engineering, humanitarian, economic and biomedical. The comparison was carried out on the basis of an intellectual analysis of the opinions of foreign students about studying at the preparatory faculty of the Russian Technical University. There were no particular differences in the factors influencing the readiness to study in different areas. On the contrary, according to the results of the study, it is possible to identify a number of problems common to respondents from different areas of study, and to form algorithms for leveling them within the framework of the pedagogical system of the preparatory faculty. These algorithms could become the basis of an adaptive technology for forming the readiness of foreign students to study at a Russian university.
Practice and prospects of seafarer simulation training in foreign communication competence
Authors: Filonenko V. A. , Tenishcheva V. F. , Smirnov I. O. , Fisyurenko V. A. , Genkin Yu. Yu.
Published: December 2023

The STCW Convention primary points out the required competencies of seafarers. The high level of their technological and technical training and capabilities is known to be among the most important ones. Due to the high speed of technological progress, it means the necessity to develop the professional abilities, knowledge and skills constantly and not to lose from the view the important perspectives. Analyzing educational experience, the article proves that the effectiveness of simulators, used for seafarer training, in developing foreign language competences is increased if special simulation training scenarios are provided whereby many soft and hard factors must be taken into account including the principals of the Ecological Education. As Augmented Reality Gadgets are known to be prospectively implemented into the ship’s navigation, questions about their effectiveness, discussed and searched with questionnaire among seafarers and cadets of Maritime University, are valuable from different points of view including simulation training scenarios designing. The survey showed that not all influencing from the practical point of view, perspectives for the introduction of AR technologies are considered to be positive, desirable and valuable. The article points out the necessity to take into account all of them especially at the stage of equipment elaboration and simulation development. The Ecological Augmented Reality attitude should and is able to be an important instrument at stages of design development and implementation. We are sure that the being developed AR “tools” should be based not only on the principles of an Ecological Psychology, but Ecological Education as well which may contribute to higher levels of performance and adaptation to the user’s perceptual abilities and environmental motivation.
Mathematical model of wagon wheels rolling along the hump profile
Authors: Djabbarov Shukhrat , Saidivaliev Shukhrat , Abdullaev Bakhrom , Ortiqov Mironshox , Rustamov Nassim
Published: December 2023

The article clarified the cause of the moment of rolling friction due to the impact of the rail on the wheel (or reaction in-ideal constant on the wheel) and identified a condition of the lack of wheel rolling along the rail. In her final analytical formulas and examples of calculations proved that in the areas of deceleration at the stations the brake position hump happen to slip of the wheels of the wheel pairs of the car. For this reason is erroneous determination of sliding speed of the car at the stations the brake position according to the formula of free fall of bodies, taking into account the inertia of the rotating parts.
Mathematical modeling of the rolling speed of a car on the first profile site of the slide
Authors: Abdullaev Rustam , Adilov Nodir , Juraeva Diyora , Makhmudov Anvar , Avdeeva Anna
Published: December 2023

The article shows the consideration of the rolling friction moments (pure rolling) of the wheels on the rail threads and in the bearings of the front axlebox units. and rear bogies of the car with their subsequent replacement by conditional sliding friction. It is noted that if the active force in the form of a projection of the force of gravity and the aerodynamic drag force on the direction of rolling of the car (or release), acting on the car, is greater than the limiting friction force, then simultaneously with rolling, the wheels may also slip on the rail threads. An analytical formula was obtained for finding the difference between the driving forces and all resistance forces when rolling wheels with sliding, which, based on the theorem on the change in the momentum of a material point, made it possible to create a mathematical model for finding the speed of a single car (or cut) on the first profile section of the hump. An analysis of the results of solving the problem of determining the rolling speed of a car has been carried out. It is noted that the theorem on the change in the momentum of a material point for solving the problem of finding the time of rolling down a hill is applicable only when the final speed of the car is known, otherwise solving the problem in such a formulation will be meaningless.
Evaluating the pressure generated on the container’s bottom and walls while transporting bulk cargo
Authors: Ilesaliev Daurenbek , Akhmetova Zuresh , Svetashev Aleksandr , Ismatullaev Azizbek , Shihnazarov Jamol
Published: December 2023

Now, the transportation of bulk cargo by rail is carried out with the help of specialized wagons. However, the use of such wagons leads to additional costs, there is a shortage of such wagons, as well as problems with technological equipment. In this regard, there is a need to find alternative technologies for the transportation of bulk cargo, which will reduce logistics costs and improve delivery. To solve this problem, it is necessary to start by determining the pressures that arise on the bottom and walls of the universal container when loading bulk cargo. This study shows that the problems associated with the transportation of bulk cargo can be successfully solved if the process of formation of such cargo is known. Thus, to solve the problem of bulk cargo transportation, it is necessary to develop alternative technologies that will reduce costs and improve delivery efficiency. This is possible if we study the process of forming bulk cargoes and analyze the pressures they create in containers.