bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Vegetación de los Altos Andes Centrales: Bardas Blancas-Paso Pehuenche (Malargüe, Mendoza, Argentina)
Authors: Méndez Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Se estudió la vegetación entre Bardas Blancas y Paso Pehuenche en el Sur Mendocino a fin de obtener información florístico-ecológica de las comunidades vegetales andinas. Se trabajó en un gradiente altitudinal de 1420 a 2800 m s.n.m. y se utilizó el método fitosociológico. Se describen las principales comunidades vegetales que surgen de los análisis de tablas comparativas de relevamientos. Se revela a 19 comunidades vegetales, incluídas las vegas de altura y baja altura, y 24 grupos florísticos caracterizadas por especies diagnósticas, exclusivas, preferenciales y acompañantes. El análisis de dispersión y de conglomerados jerárquicos reafirma las estrechas relaciones de las comunidades vegetales con las temperaturas y altitudes. El análisis corológico identifica a 2 provincias fitogeográficas: Patagonica y Altoandina. Hay una relación florística-ecológica con los ambientes fitogeográficos y las formas de vida. El estudio fitosociológico determina a 3 pisos de vegetación: 1- de los matorrales de Neosparton ephedroides, Larrea nitida, Colliguaja integerrima y Fabiana imbricata, 2- de los matorrales de Adesmia volckmannii, Chuquiraga oppositifolia, Adesmia pinifolia y Adesmia obovata y 3-. de las estepas de Azorella monantha, Nassauvia revoluta, Empetrum rubrum y Ochetophila nana. Los resultados probablemente podrían extrapolarse al N y S del área.
Episodios de toxicidad en moluscos de aguas marinas costeras de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) asociados a algas toxígenas (marzo de 2008-marzo de 2013)
Authors: Sunesen Inés , Lavigne Andrea S. , Goya Alejandra , Sar Eugenia A.
Published: February 2020

A partir de un monitoreo de microalgas toxígenas y toxinas en moluscos iniciado en 2008, llevado a cabo entre San Clemente del Tuyú y Mar Azul (Zona Norte) y en la Bahía Anegada (Zona Sur) de la Provincia de Buenos Aires fueron registrados cuatro brotes de toxicidad por toxina paralizante de moluscos (PSP) y ocho brotes por toxinas lipofílicas de moluscos (DSP/no determinadas). Los resultados obtenidos fueron empleados como herramienta técnica a partir dela cual la autoridad de aplicación (Dirección Provincial de Pesca del Ministerio de Asuntos Agrarios de la Provincia de Buenos Aires) fundó la decisión de imponer once vedas y una alerta sanitaria al consumo, extracción y comercialización de moluscos. Tres de los brotes por PSP se produjeron en la Zona Norte y la especie asociada fue Gymnodinium catenatum. El cuarto episodio se produjo en Puerto Quequén, durante un muestreo eventual, asociado a Alexandrium tamarense. En esta misma zona se produjeron tres de los eventos de toxicidad por DSP, y las especies asociadas fueron Dinophysis acuminata y D. caudata. Los restantes cinco episodios de toxicidad por toxinas lipofílicas ocurrieron en la Zona Sur, en una o más de las tres zonas clasificadas sanitariamente como A por SENASA, y ninguno pudo ser asociado a alguna de las especies toxígenas conocidas.
Anatomía foliar en especies de Capsicum (Solanaceae) de diferentes ambientes biogeográficos sudamericanos
Authors: Palchetti Marìa Virginia , Barboza Gloria Estela , Cosa María Teresa
Published: February 2020

Se estudió la anatomía foliar en 13 especies de Capsicum L. que crecen en diferentes Provincias Biogeográficas. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de la epidermis foliar y de la estructura interna de lámina y pecíolo para hallar diferencias y/o similitudes entre las especies y la presencia/ausencia de caracteres mesomórficos/xeromórficos según el ambiente que habiten. La densidad de las células epidérmicas propiamente dichas, de los estomas, de los diferentes tipos de tricomas y el índice estomático fueron estadísticamente analizados. Los resultados indican que todas las especies presentan características similares en sus hojas. Sin embargo, en determinadas especies se observaron algunas particularidades, tales como hojas hipostomáticas, presencia y tipos de tricomas, presencia, disposición y tipo de cristales, fibras rodeando la vena media y probable presencia de taninos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre especies que habitan distintos ambientes, excepto aquellas especies procedentes de ambientes secos con hojas anfistomáticas y abundancia de cristales y tricomas. Se concluye que las similitudes de las variables epidérmicas y de la estructura interna de la hoja, observadas en las especies de Capsicum, estarían respondiendo a un agrupamiento según sus relaciones filogenéticas más que a las condiciones ambientales donde habitan.
El género Holomitrium (Dicranaceae, Bryophyta), nuevo registro en Argentina y Uruguay.
Authors: Suárez Guillermo M. , Schiavone María M. , Colotti María T
Published: February 2020

El género Holomitrium (Dicranaceae, Bryophyta), nuevo registro en Argentina y Uruguay.El género Holomitrium Brid. es registrado por primera vez en Argentina y Uruguay. Sólo una especie,H. arboreum, está presente en el área de estudio. Se realiza una breve descripción y se proporcionanfotografías e ilustraciones de la especie.
Análisis fitolíticos de las principales especies de palmeras (Arecaceae) presentes en regiones subtropicales de América del Sur
Authors: Patterer Noelia Isabel
Published: February 2020

El continente sudamericano aparece como uno de los mayores centros de riqueza ydiversidad de la familia Arecaceae. Las palmeras se caracterizan por la presencia de fitolitos denaturaleza silícea denominados stegmatas, los mismos presentan características particulares quepermiten identificar a gran parte de los miembros de esta familia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es,describir las asociaciones fitolíticas de especies de palmeras y buscar el valor diagnóstico de las mismasa través de un análisis biométrico, a través de los fitolitos globulares. Los resultados expresaron que elanálisis de las asociaciones fitolíticas foliares mostró variaciones que permitieron distinguir las distintassubfamilias seleccionadas. Esto plantea su importancia en la interpretación de asociaciones fitolíticasfósiles y el reconocimiento paleobotánico de los integrantes de esta familia, a través del estudio desecuencias sedimentarias.
Caracterización morfológica y molecular de las variedades locales de frijol común cultivado en el altiplano mexicano semi-árido.
Authors: Gill Langarica Homar Rene , Rosales Serna Rigoberto , Hernández Delgado Sanjuana , Mayek Perez Netzahualcoyotl
Published: February 2020

Caracterización morfológica y molecular de las variedades locales de frijol común cultivado enel altiplano mexicano semi-árido. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar el frijol común de parcelasagrícolas cultivadas con variedades criollas de frijol común de la región semiárida del altiplano mexicanoutilizando datos morfológicos y de Polimorfismos en la Longitud de los Fragmentos Amplificados (AFLPs). Las características morfológicas fueron discriminantes y mostraron la agrupación de las 150 accesiones en función del origen geográfico y el color de la testa de la semilla. La combinación deiniciadores AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) mostraron un rango polimórfico entre 0,292(EM-ACT AGG +) y 0,375 (M + E-ACA-AGA). La frecuencia y distribución de los fragmentos polimórficos permitió la detección de un mayor número de fragmentos raros en las accesiones 121 y 111 (Flor deMayo y frijol común Negro, respectivamente). El análisis de las relaciones genéticas, varianza molecular(AMOVA), y el índice de diversidad de Powell confirmaron amplia base genética del germoplasma defrijol común del altiplano semi-árido mexicano. El análisis de coordenadas principales y de agrupacióndemostraron fuerte relación genética entre las variedades colectadas con base a la similitud en el nombre de la variedad, el origen y el color de la testa de la semilla, lo que demuestra la influencia de las diferentes prácticas de cultivo en las dos regiones y la adaptación de P. vulgaris a las condiciones agroclimáticas dela región semiárida del altiplano mexicano.
Vegetación casmofítica y mesoclimas de afloramientos rocosos en Ventania (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Kristensen María Julia , Frangi Jorge Luis
Published: February 2020

Vegetación casmofítica y mesoclimas de afloramientos rocosos en Ventania (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Estudiamos las relaciones entre las variaciones mesoclimáticas de roquedales y la composición de las comunidades casmofíticas sobre un gradiente altitudinal (500-1243 m s.n.m.) W-E en las Sierras Australes (Ventania). En 5 estaciones meteorológicas transitorias se registraron variables climáticas horaria y simultáneamente durante 3-4 días cada estación del año durante 2 años. Se utilizaron datos de censos fitosociológicos (20 relevés) realizados por Frangi y Bottino (1995) en sitios con topografía similar a las estaciones meteorológicas. El análisis mostró la influencia de la exposición sobre los mesoclimas, ya que las propiedades físicas de las rocas aumentan los contrastes térmicos causados por la radiación solar directa, luego evidenció gradientes altitudinales. Los sitios S (550 m s.n.m.) y SW (850 m s.n.m.) fueron sombríos, húmedos, poco evaporantes, y compartieron especies; a mayor altitud las bajas temperaturas favorecieron las especies microtérmicas: endémicas, subantárticas y andinas. El sitio basal al N fue el biotopo más caliente y seco; incluyó endemismos y especies xerotermófilas austrobrasileñas y del NW argentino. Los faldeos NE fueron florística y mesoclimáticamente transicionales entre los roquedales basales; sin especies subantárticas y xerotermófilas. Las cumbres, evaporantes, soleadas y frescas, poseyeron menor riqueza. Las sierras albergan mesoclimas, especies y comunidades exclusivas para las Pampas, cuya disposición en el paisaje es coherente con su linaje.
La familia Cactaceae en Argentina: patrones de diversidad y prioridades políticas para su conservación
Authors: Ortega Baes Pablo , Godínez- Alvarez Hector , Sajama Jesús , Gorostiague Pablo , Sühring Silvia , Galíndez Guadalupe , Bravo Silvia , López- Spahr Diego , Alonso- Pedano Mariana , Lindow- López Lucía , Barrionuevo Andrea , Sosa Cecilia , Curti Ramiro N. , Juárez Alejandra
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se utilizó la riqueza de especies y el endemismo de las especies de cactáceas argentinas para seleccionar las provincias con la mayor prioridad para la conservación de esta familia de plantas en el país. Además, se evaluó el papel de la diversidad de cactáceas como sustitutos de la diversidad de plantas dicotiledóneas de Argentina. La riqueza de especies (número de especies) y el endemismo (número de especies endémicas) fueron determinadas para cada una de las 24 provincias de Argentina. Un total de 15 provincias fueron seleccionadas como prioritarias con base en todas las especies de cactáceas y 14 con base en las especies endémicas. La provincia de Salta presenta la mayor riqueza de especies y endemismo. Las especies endémicas son un buen sustituto de la diversidad de cactáceas. De igual manera, las cactáceas son un buen sustituto de la diversidad de las plantas dicotiledóneas.
Dormición física y conservación ex situ de semillas de Amburana cearensis y Myroxylon peruiferum (Fabaceae)
Authors: Galíndez Guadalupe , Malagrina Gisela , Ceccato Diana , Ledesma Tilda , Lindow- López Lucía , Ortega Baes Pablo
Published: February 2020

Amburana cearensis y Myroxylon peruiferum son dos especies nativas del noroeste argentino que se encuentran amenazadas por la explotación de su madera, siendo prioritario establecer programas de manejo, restauración ecológica y conservación. La presencia de dormición física en semillas dificulta su utilización en dichos programas. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la presencia de dormición física, los métodos de salida de dormición y el comportamiento durante el almacenamiento en semillas de ambas especies. Las semillas de A. cearensis presentaron dormición física y la escarificación mecánica y química fueron los mejores métodos para la salida de dormición de las semillas. Las semillas de M. peruiferum no presentaron dormición física. Las semillas de A. cearensis produjeron semillas con comportamiento ortodoxo, por lo que pueden ser conservadas en bancos de germoplasma, mientras que las semillas de M. peruiferum fueron sensibles a la desecación y al almacenamiento a -18ºC. Estos resultados serán de utilidad para el uso de estas especies en programas de producción de plantas en invernáculo, reforestación, restauración y conservación ex situ en bancos de germoplasma.
No hay diferencias en la diversidad genética entre arbustos de Cotoneaster franchetii (Rosaceae) de rangos nativos y no nativos.
Authors: Lett Irene , Hensen Isabell , Hirsch Heidi , Renison Daniel
Published: February 2020

No hay diferencias en la diversidad genética entre arbustos de Cotoneaster franchetii (Rosaceae) de rangos nativos y no nativos. La diversidad genética de los arbustos de Cotoneaster franchetii es similar entre los rangos de distribución nativo y no nativo. Debido al efecto fundador comúnmente se asume que las plantas tienen mayor diversidad genética en su rango nativo que en las áreas donde fueron introducidos. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han probado este supuesto incluyendo la comparación entre los rangos nativos y no nativos. Nosotros analizamos marcadores de AFLP en 149 individuos de Cotoneaster franchetii pertenecientes a cinco poblaciones nativas (China) y cinco no nativas (Argentina) donde este arbusto invade exitosamente diferentes ambientes, y forma rodales extensos y monoespecíficos. Además comparamos los estimadores de diversidad genética y evaluamos la diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones examinando los valores de Fst y realizando un ACoP, un AMOVA y una prueba de Mantel. No se encontró evidencia de diversidad genética reducida en las poblaciones no nativas, mientras que el ACoP reveló dos grupos distintos, reflejando sus orígenes argentinos y chinos. Diez individuos de dos de las poblaciones chinas fueron la excepción, debido a que se agruparon dentro de las poblaciones argentinas, apoyando la idea de introducciones múltiples desde China hacia Argentina.
Diversidad de plantas vasculares del valle Antinaco-Los Colorados, La Rioja, Argentina
Authors: Varela Omar , Parrado María F. , Buedo Sebastián E.
Published: February 2020

El valle Antinaco-Los Colorados es una extensa planicie de la ecorregión del Monte en el centro-oeste de La Rioja (Argentina). Este estudio proporciona un inventario exhaustivo de la diversidad de plantas vasculares que crecen espontáneamente en el valle. En 90 viajes de campo se registraron 264 especies de 57 familias y 181 géneros en 4 tipos de vegetación. Se mencionan 18 citas nuevas para la provincia. Las cinco familias más diversas fueron Asteraceae (35 spp., 13%), Poaceae (32 spp., 12%), Fabaceae (19 spp., 7%), Solanaceae (19 spp., 7%) y Cactaceaae (16 spp., 6%). Los géneros mejor representados fueron Tillandsia (10 spp.), Solanum (6 spp.), Atriplex (5 spp.), Lycium (5 spp.) y Prosopis (5 spp.). El 13% de las especies (35) son introducidas, principalmente de las familias Poaceae (7 spp.), Asteraceae (5 spp.), Brassicaceae (5 spp.) y Chenopodiaceae (5 spp.). El valle incluye 84 endemismos de nivel nacional, regional y provincial, y en su mayoría (41%) corresponden a Cactaceae (13 spp.), Asteraceae (9 spp.), Solanaceae (7 spp.), Chenopodiaceae (6 spp.) y Euphorbiaceae (6 spp.). Las formas de vida dominantes fueron los Fanerófitos (29%), Terófitos (28%) y Hemicriptófitos (21%). El valle concentra aproximadamente el 17% de la diversidad de plantas vasculares conocida para La Rioja.
Serjania setigera (Sapindaceae), nuevo registro para la flora de Bolivia
Authors: Coulleri Juan Pablo , Ferrucci María Silvia
Published: February 2020

Serjania setigera Radlk. (Sapindaceae, Paullinieae), especie conocida para el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, se cita por primera vez para la flora boliviana; la misma fue coleccionada en el límite entre Bolivia y Brasil. Se proporciona una descripción completa, una primera iconografía y un mapa de distribución. Este nuevo registro incrementa el conocimiento de la biodiversidad de los ecosistemas de suelos calcáreos presentes en las tierras húmedas que rodean al pantanal brasileño.
Los primeros retratos de Ignacio y los inicios de la iconografía ignaciana
Authors: Page Carlos A.
Published: February 2020

A partir de una máscara mortuoria se comenzaron a pintar retratos de San Ignacio en Europa, hasta comenzar a trazar una serie sobre los acontecimientos más importantes de su vida. Presentamos estas noticias para llegar a los modelos de Rubens que fueron los que en definitiva prevalecieron e influyeron en todo el mundo para iniciar una clásica iconografía, cuyos antecedentes y posterior desarrollo contó con destacados artistas, no solo en el ámbito europeo sino también en América.
Spatial gist extraction during human memory consolidation
Authors: Antony James , Stiver Caroline , Graves Kathryn Nicole , Osborne Jarryd , Turk-Browne Nicholas , Bennion Kelly
Published: February 2020

Theories of memory consolidation suggest that initially rich, vivid memories become more gist-like over time. However, it is unclear whether gist-like representations reflect a loss of detail through degradation or the blending of experiences into statistical averages, and whether the strength of these representations increases, decreases, or remains stable over time. We report three behavioral experiments that address these questions by examining distributional learning during spatial navigation. In Experiment 1, human participants navigated a virtual maze to find hidden objects with locations varying according to spatial distributions. After 15 minutes, 1 day, 7 days, or 28 days, we tested their navigation performance and explicit memory. In Experiment 2, we created spatial distributions with no object at their mean locations, thereby disentangling learned object exemplars from statistical averages. In Experiment 3, we created only a single, bimodal distribution to avoid possible confusion between distributions and administered tests after 15 minutes or 28 days. Across all experiments, and for both navigation and explicit tests, representations of the spatial distributions were present soon after exposure, but then receded over time. These findings help clarify the temporal dynamics of consolidation in human learning and memory.
Architectural and Structural Analysis of the Tamang Houses in Haku, Rasuwa
Authors: Häberle Jonas Raphael , Shrestha Jagat Kumar
Published: February 2020

This paper provides a summary of an architectural and structural analysis of traditional Tamang houses in Haku, Rasuwa and the best methods for integrating seismic resistant features and cultural preservation in the recovery after the 2015 Nepal earthquakes.
A Note on a Formula of Riordan Involving Harmonic Numbers
Authors: Alonso-Carreón J. A. , López-Bonilla J. , Thapa Gyan Bahadur
Published: February 2020

We employ Stirling numbers of the second kind to prove a relation of Riordan involving harmonic numbers.
Financial Analysis of 18kW Solar Photovoltaic Baidi Microgrid at Baidi, Tanahun, Nepal
Authors: Neupane Sanjaya , Jha Ajay Kumar , Sah Anirudh Prasad
Published: February 2020

This study presents financial evaluation of 18 kW solar photovoltaic powered Baidi Micro Grid implemented by Alternative Energy Promotion Center (AEPC) in Dubung village, Rising Gaupalika, Tanahun district of Nepal. The grid is built and is operational under Baidi Micro Grid Pvt. Ltd, a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) established under “Pro-Poor Public Private Partnership (5P)” concept supported by United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) & International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). It is pilot project under 5P concept in Nepal. People from Dubung and Mauribas village as well as Saral Urja Nepal Pvt Ltd (SUN) jointly owns the SPV strengthening not only technical, managerial and financial support but also the community participation and engagement in all decision making process. The total cost of the project is NPR 13,395,000.00 at 2015 AD. The grant for the project was of value NPR 11,295,000.00 from AEPC, IFAD and UNESCAP and remaining was equity of SUN. The net present value of NPR -10,978,605.76 is obtained at 3% discount rate due to unavoidable replacement cost of batteries, charge controllers, inverters and high initial investment without the consideration of the grant amount. Whereas, with 84.32% utilization of available grant, the NPV worth of NPR 384,394.22 is obtained for the project. In breakeven analysis, a breakeven point of the project is obtained at 81.87% utilization of the grant. Without grant, project like Baidi Micro Grid will not sustain. In addition, average unit cost of electricity is found to be NPR 37.08 but it varied from NPR 16.67 to NPR 80.81. Household consuming more electricity has to pay less unit cost of electricity whereas household consuming less electricity had to pay higher unit cost of electricity.
Diversity and Threatened Climber Plants in Tropical Forests of Courtallam Hills, Southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Pandian E. , Ravichandran P.
Published: February 2020

Investigated the distribution of climber and its conservation status in tropical forests of Courtallam hills in southern Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India during 2017-2018. A total of five 1 ha plots were established, and all climber species ≥1 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) were counted, which resulted in a total of 81 climbing plant species that representing to 62 genera under 30 families. Study plots revealed the most abundant climber species are Jasminum flexile (Oleaceae), Salacia oblonga (Celastraceae) and Ziziphus oenopolia (Rhamnaceae). The dominant climber species families in the study plots include Apocynaceae (11 species), Leguminosae (10 species), Menispermaceae and Vitaceae (6 species each), Capparaceae and Oleaceae (5 species each) and Convolvulaceae (4 species). Among 81 climber species, about 12 species are documented as threatened species of Courtallam hills. The results of this investigation suggest that forest management and forest protection is important for in-situ conservation of liana diversity with the involvement of local community.
Physiochemical Studies in Seedlings of Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) of North East India in Relation to Drought Resistance for Selection of Improved Germplasm
Authors: Borah N. , Borua P.K. , Roy S. , Saikia S.P.
Published: February 2020

The global climate change is occurring at an unpredictable rate, where periods of drought are predicted to be extremely severe. The drought tolerance in Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) accessions; collected from North East India was screened under water stress conditions created by reducing irrigation doses. Parameters targeted for screening were vegetative growth, physiological parameters and chemical constituents of leaves. Water stress treatment revealed that plant height, leaves number/plant, average leaf area, N, P, K, Ca, Cl and Na content were significantly decreased by increasing the level of water stress conditions in all studied accessions. Variations in the physiological parameters among different accessions may be due to different intensities of natural selection acting upon the traits in their natural habitat. The aim of the study was to determine source variation in Tectona grandis Linn. f. accessions collected from 41 locations of North East India and to identify the best sources to be utilised for reforestation and further genetic improvement work. In our study, three promising drought tolerant accessions were screened in a decreasing order of drought tolerance viz. GKU-24, GKU-37 and BNU-10 whereas; the drought stress had the most adverse effect on ASM-124 and LUT-45.
Identifying the Strength Grade for Finger Jointed Timber Species According to BS 5268-2:2002
Authors: Muthumala C.K. , Silva S. De , Arunakumara K.K.I.U. , Alwis P.L.A.G.
Published: February 2020

Off-cut wood is currently considered as waste thus is dumped by saw mills as they find no means of utilising them. Sawn timber material of furniture factories and short length of sawn timbers are also considered to be wastes in the timber industry. Finger jointing technique which interlock the end joints formed by machining a number of similar tapered symmetrical fingers are recognised in this regards as effective and sustainable means of utilisation of timber wastes. The present study was undertaken to assess the strength grade of finger jointed timber based on BS 5268-2:2002. Seven timber species which are commonly used in Sri Lanka were employed for the assessment with and without finger joints. Values of Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), Compression parallel to grain and Compression perpendicular to grain strength of the specimens were measured. Finger jointing was performed with constant geometry (finger length 19 mm, tip width 1 mm and finger pitch 4 mm) using polyvinyl acetate (PVA, P-SWR) adhesive at normal exposure conditions. The strength properties were evaluated by Universal Testing Machine (UTM) according to BS 373:1957. Strength classes relevant to the grade stresses were not significant for finger jointed and clear specimens of Satin, Mahogany, Jack and Grandis. Both clear and finger jointed timber specimens obtained D40 for Satin and Teak, D30 for Jack, Mahogany and Grandis. Teak shows properties similar to both D35 and D40 when used as finger jointed timber. Kumbuk was shown to change from D40 to D30 while using as finger jointed timber. Finger jointed Pine showed stress grade of C22, C24 and C27.
Composition analysis of selected Sri Lankan seaweeds
Authors: Jayakody M.M , Vanniarachchy M.P.G , Wijesekara I.
Published: February 2020

Seaweeds are a rich source of health beneficial bioactive nutraceuticals and currently they are under-utilized in Sri Lanka. In the present study, proximate analysis of seaweed varieties Chnoospora minima and Porphyra sp. obtained from Mirissa, Matara, Sri Lanka and Ulva fasciata was taken from Point Dondra Matara, Sri Lanka on June, 2018 were investigated. The moisture content, total fat content, protein content and ash content were determined according to the Official methods of Analysis by Association of Official Analytical Chemists after drying for 8h at 600 C. The results revealed that the moisture contents (%) of Chnoospora minima, Porphyra sp. and Ulva fasciata were 13.24 ± 0.20, 14.30 ± 0.14 and 18.11 ± 0.01 respectively. Total fat contents (%) of Chnoospora minima, Porphyra sp. and Ulva fasciata were 0.21 ± 0.11, 0.19 ± 0.03 and 0.28 ± 0.05 respectively. Protein contents (%) of Chnoospora minima, Porphyra sp. and Ulva fasciata were 13.70 ± 0.2, 21.14 ± 0.04 and 11.84 ± 0.1. Total ash contents (%) of Chnoospora minima, Porphyra sp. and Ulva fasciata were 17.20 ± 0.24, 5.40 ± 0.7 and 18.05 ± 0.21 respectively. Total carbohydrate content (%) was analyzed according to the Dubois method. Chnoospora minima, Porphyra sp. and Ulva fasciata showed total carbohydrate content (%) as 3.87 + 0.66, 20.59 ± 0.24 and 7.68 ± 1.16 respectively. Moreover, the sulphate content was analyzed according to the precipitate method. Chnoospora minima, Porphyra sp. and Ulva fasciata showed 1.45 ± 0.35, 2.75 ± 0.07 and 4.54 ± 0.06, sulfate contents (%) respectively. In conclusion, highest ash content which indicates a good mineral content was observed in Ulva fasciata and Chnoospora minima. Fibre, protein and carbohydrate contents are significantly different among the 3 samples. Highest fibre content was observed in Chnoospora minima. Highest protein and carbohydrate contents were observed in Porphyra sp. But there is no significant difference in fat contents among the three samples.
The Assessment of Potential Benefit and Risk Balance in the Process of Clinical Practice Guidelines Development and Grading the Evidence
Authors: Kovaleva Maria Yuryevna , Fediaeva Vlada Konstantinovna
Published: February 2020

Aim of the study. A review of international practice of “benefit-risk” ratio assessment in the process of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) development; assessment of its acceptability for Russian Federation.

Material and methods. We analyzed official methodological guides of the GRADE working group and information from the websites of the professional associations, indicated on the official GRADE website. Additionally, the review of methods of quantitative assessment of risk-benefit ratio was conducted. The search was performed in Pubmed and Embase in April 2019, according to the queries “benefit-risk guidelines”, “balance of benefits and harm”, “risk-benefit guidelines”.

Results. The “benefit-risk” ratio assessment is an important component in the development of CPG, however, there were no universal transparent methods for it: in foreign CPG, the “benefit-risk” ratio for medical interventions is determined by the expert group consensus. There were also identified quantitative methods for assessing this ratio, currently not used in the process of the CPG development.

Conclusion. We have not identified universal transparent validated quantitative methods for assessing the “benefit-risk” ratio for medical interventions in CPG. Still many quantitative, semi-quantitative and qualitative methods for analyzing this ratio were found in the literature. Thus it seems appropriate to analyze international experience further, to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of all assessment systems and to test their acceptability for the development of CPG in the Russian Federation.
Telemedicine Technologies in Psychiatry and Narcology: Specialists’ Point of View
Authors: Skripov Vadim Sergeevich , Semenova Nataliia Vladimirovna , Kochorova Larisa Valerianovna , Shvedova Anastasiia Aleksandrovna , Sazhin Viktor Leonidovich , Chekhonadsky Igor Igorevich
Published: February 2020

Objective: To identify the main problems in the system of medical care provided with the help of telemedicine technologies based on the specialists’ survey (psychiatrists, narcologists, psychotherapists and medical psychologists).

Material and methods. The survey was conducted with the questionnaire developed by employees of Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute. The questionnaire contained general questions (gender, age, length of service, specialization, federal district in which the specialist works) and questions about the prospects, opportunities, and challenges of using telemedicine counseling in psychiatry and narcology. The doctors’ willingness to conduct such consultations and refer patients to them was also evaluated. 235 respondents took part in the survey, 55.3% were psychiatrists, narcologists accounted for 31.9%, and the remainder consisted of psychotherapists, medical psychologists and doctors who indicated several specialties.

Results. Statistically significant differences were found in the evaluation of the usefulness of telemedicine consultations in psychiatry and narcology. Doctors who referred patients before to such consultations rated their usefulness at 3.95 points (on a five-point scale), while doctors without such experience rated their usefulness at 3.0 points. Interviewees also noted the greater effectiveness of video conferences if compared with the flow of medical documents, 3.5 points versus 2.9 points. Number of problems where identified, including the lack of doctors’ awareness about the possibilities of telemedicine, lack of necessary equipment and insufficient drug provision in the regions, which does not allow to implement the recommendations of the consultant in full.

Conclusion. Organizational and methodological work with telemedicine specialists is necessary, resolving the issue of equipping regional hospitals with equipment and medicines.
Clinical and Economic Study of Daratumumab in Combination Therapy for Previously Treated Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Avxentyev Nikolay Alexandrovich , Derkach Elena Vladimirovna , Makarov Alexandr Sergeevich
Published: February 2020

Application of “novel agents” for treatment of relapsing and/or refractory multiple myeloma (r/r MM) in lenalidomide-based schemes: daratumumab (DRd), carfilzomib (KRd), ixazomib (IRd) or elutuzumab (ERd) can improve treatment outcomes for patients compared with standard therapy with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd). Access to lenalidomide is generally provided for Russian citizens in the framework of the federal high-cost nosologies program. But expenses for “novel agents” for patients with r/r MM are covered by local regional healthcare systems.

The aim of this work was to conduct a clinical and economical study of “novel agents” in lenalidomide-based schemes from the perspective of regional healthcare systems of Russian Federation.

Material and Methods. Based on data from randomized clinical trials of “novel agents” and our own indirect comparison of considered alternatives we proposed a Markov model for progression of r/r MM. In the model, we compared DRd, KRd, IRd, ERd and Rd schemes by calculating average number of life years without progression and direct medical costs from the perspective of regional healthcare systems per 1 patient over 5-year period. Based on the obtained data we conducted cost-effectiveness analysis and estimated cost of an incremental year of life without progression when using “novel agents” vs Rd combination, as well as for DRd scheme vs each of the other “novel agents”.

Results. Cost of an incremental year of life without progression for DRd scheme vs Rd scheme was 10,402,613 rub., which is 11.5-62.2% lower than for other “novel agents” vs Rd. Cost of an incremental life year without progression for DRd scheme vs IRd scheme was 72.4% lower than for IRd vs Rd. The same ratio for DRd vs KRd was 22.4% lower than for KRd vs Rd. Cost of an incremental life year without progression for DRd scheme vs ERd scheme was not identified because DRd scheme was both less costly and more effective than ERd.

Conclusions. Treatment of r/r MM with DRd scheme is more cost-effective compared with IRd and KRd schemes, and less costly and more effective than ERd scheme.
Effectiveness and Safety of Targeted Drugs for the Treatment of Adults with Moderate-to-severe Plaque Psoriasis in the Russian Federation
Authors: Tolkacheva Daria Georgievna , Sokolova Valeria Dmitrievna , Mladov Vladimir Valentinovich
Published: February 2020

Multiple randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have compared the efficacy of targeted therapies for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis with placebo. However, the relative effectiveness of these treatments is not studied sufficiently.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of targeted drugs (netakimab, ixekizumab, guselkumab, secukinumab, ustekinumab, certolizumab, infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, tofacitinib and apremilast) in adult patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis using such outcomes as PASI 75/90/100, PGA/IGA, DLQI, AEs, SAEs and withdrawals due to AEs.

Material and methods. We performed a systematic literature review in PubMed database and in the CENTRAL section of Cochrane library (Embase filter) to identify relevant RCTs. The primary outcome was Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75 response at week 12 of treatment. Other analyzed outcomes: PASI 90/100, Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA) /IGA, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), number of patients suffering from at least one adverse event (AE) / severe AE and number of patient withdrawals from the study due to AE during initial 12 weeks of treatment. For each outcome we conducted network meta-analyses (NMAs) and univariate meta-regression analyses to adjust for baseline risk differences and cross-trial differences.

Results. We selected 35 RCTs. We conducted several types of NMAs for each outcome to avoid bias in research. In most cases random effects NMAs adjusted to differences in placebo response rate provided the best model fit statistics and were selected for interpretation. Pairwise indirect comparisons from most NMAs suggested IL-17 inhibitors (netakimab and ixekizumab) along with IL-23 inhibitor guselkumab have superior effectiveness and favorable safety profile compared to other targeted therapies used to treat adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis during initial 12 weeks of therapy based on PASI 75/90/100, PGA/IGA, and DLQI.
Is Structure Context or Content? A Data-Driven Method of Comparing Museum Collections
Authors: Perczel Júlia
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a method which depicts a museum collection as a relational venue structure. This venue structure is constructed from the exhibition history of the artists acquired by the museum, in such a way that it uniquely characterizes the collection. Such a structure can be conceived as a historical fingerprint of a collection. The paper compares such derived historical fingerprints of three canonical museum collections: that of the Tate Collection in the UK, the Centre Pompidou in Paris and the Museum of Modern Art in New York. The goal is to develop the understanding of the way they represent the art of the Central-East European region. The research shows that the representation formed by the three museums on the region relies on specific venues and connections among them. Furthermore, the analysis has identified patterns within these structures that contribute to the formation of the representations in typical ways. As a result, the agency of museums is tackled from a data-driven perspective highlighting the social embeddedness of representations, and a method is introduced that enables comparison of collections built through distinctive acquisition histories.
Towards a History of Ukrainian-German Confessional Relations (1st half of XVI century)
Authors: Mnozhynska R.
Published: February 2020

Figures that caused in the first half of the sixteenth century. pan-European resonance, were known as Martin Luther (Martin Luther; 1483 - 1546) - the great reformer of the Church, the founder of the Protestant movement and Philipp Melanchton (1497 - 1560) - the German humanist, theologian and teacher, the evangelical reformer and systematist theology. Stanislav Orikhovsky-Roksolan (1513 - 1566), a well-known Ukrainian-Polish humanist, polemicist, philosopher and historian, who in the opinion of Polish scholar Jozef Lichtenstuhl, was "well-known in his time" , will not stand at the very end, but even in the philosophy of law in the sixteenth century Poland will occupy even the main place ...; which, even in such an enlightened noble environment, remained illuminated. "
The influence of state power on the status of the late Protestantism communities in the western regions of Ukraine in 1947-1953
Authors: Stockiy Yaroslav V.
Published: February 2020

The study of the problem in Ukrainian historiography, both in particular aspects of activity and in the analytical synthesis of all areas of late Protestantism (for example, in volumes 5 and 6 of The History of Religion in Ukraine, edited by P. Yarotsky), has been given wide attention. Instead, the author, while supplementing and deepening the historiography of the study, sheds light on the source data of the state archives of the Lviv, Ternopil, and Ivano-Frankivsk regions and draws upon these sources in more detail the activities of late Protestantism religious communities in Western Ukraine during the Stalinist period. This enabled him not only to follow the transformational processes caused by the factors of state pressure on late Protestantism, to find out the phenomena of the inner life of the communities of the ECHB, the HVE and the ASD, but also to compare the current situation of these denominations to the years under study. Reproduction of the external and internal processes of Protestant denominations and the influence of state power on them is the goal of our study.
Informations
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: February 2020

Informations
PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH DI KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Supiandi Gojali
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan teknologi dan informasi yang cepat dan persaingan usaha yang semakin ketat telah mendorong banyak organisasi untuk mendalami dan menerapkan Sistem Management Pemasaran (SMP) dan berkembangnya studi tentang hal tersebut. Namun, kebanyakan studi cenderung biasa dilakukan pada organisasi atau perusahaan besar. Studi ini difokuskan pada hal-hal yang terkait dengan persepsi usaha kecil dan menengah terhadap SMP, pengaplikasian dan pengembangan SMP, serta penerapan manajemen pada pengusaha UKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview) dan obeservasi langsung. Dari studi kasus usaha kecil menengah (ukm) yang berlokasi di kabupaten Bogor, studi ini menemukan bahwa pelaksanaan SMP pada usaha kecil menengah (ukm) yang diteliti masih dilakukan secara informal dan tradisional. Walaupun setiap usaha kecil menengah (ukm) telah memiliki keinginan dan kesadaran akan pentingnya penerapan SMP dan mampu mengidentifikasi pengetahuan yang dapat membantu mereka mewujudkan perencanaan strategis, masih terdapat beberapa hambatan yang menyulitkan mereka untuk menerapkan SMP tersebut. Studi ini juga mengidentifikasikan beberapa factor penting yang dapat membantu menerapan SMP pada usaha kecil menengah (ukm): (1) Dukungan dan kepemimpinan manajemen, (2) Budaya Sharing Ilmu, (3) Tekhnologi informasi, (4) Strategi dan tujuan Perusahaan, (5) Fasilitas, (6) Proses dan aktivitas, dan (7) pendidikan dan pelatihan. Kata kunci: Sistem Management Pemasaran (SMP); Usaha kecil Menengah (UKM); Pendekatan Kualitatif
Pemanfaatan Panel Surya Untuk Sistem Penerangan Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Arduino Mega Dilengkapi Dengan Pengaturan Dimmer
Authors: Firdaus Charisma Rahma , Prasetyo Sendy Agil
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan merakit suatu alat kontrol untuk sistem penerangan dengan sumber energi matahari menggunakan panel surya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pembuatan alat dan pengujian. Proses pengujian berupa pembangkitan panel surya sebanyak 4 kali dan penggunaan sistem penerangan dengan 4 variasi dimmer atau intensitas cahaya lampu. Variasi dimmer yang digunakan adalah 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Pada pengujian pembangkitan didapatkan intensitas radiasi matahari 1000,557 W/m2; 998,82 W/m2; 971,71 W/m2 dan 975,666 W/m2 dengan waktu pengisian selama 8,583 jam; 8,75 jam 9,416 jam, dan 9,166 jam. Sedangkan dari pengujian sistem penerangan diperoleh waktu nyala lampu selama 19,95 jam, 12,95 jam, 9,95 jam dan 6,32 jam dengan pengaturan dimmer 25%; 50%;75% dan 100%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa jika intensitas radiasi matahari semakin tinggi maka waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk pengisian baterai semakin cepat. Semakin kecil pengaturan dimmer maka nyala lampu semakin lama.
ZRANIONA PAMIĘĆ I HISTORYCZNA TRAUMA
W LITERATURZE GWINEI RÓWNIKOWEJ.
TWÓRCZOŚĆ DONATA NDONGO BIDYOGI
Authors: DÍAZ-SZMIDT RENATA
Published: February 2020

Wounded Memory and Historical Trauma in the Literature
of Equatorial Guinea. Donato Ndongo Bidyogo’s Works
The article, based on the example of Donato Ndongo Bidyogo’s works, presents
two aspects of Equatorial Guinean literature, namely memory and trauma. They
are crucial for the understanding of this still young literature, written in Spanish.
The consideration of selected issues developed by contemporary Equatoguinean
writers gives the country’s literature a specifi c character. A refl ection on the dramatic
past and the diffi cult present is its recurring motif. The article is divided into
four parts. The fi rst part presents a theoretical refl ection on the concept of Paul
Ricouer’s “wounded memory” used in the text. The second analyses the so-called
traumatic discourse in literature, and attempts to fi nd the distinction between a traumatic
event and a traumatising experience. The third part of the article presents
the issues of Equatoguinean historical traumas and sketches the literary landscape
of the country. The article focuses on literary strategies of collective projection,
wounded memory of Equatorial Guineans and the issue of the (im)possibility of
mapping trauma in literature. The last part of the text presents literary examples of
the phenomena discussed in the literature of Donato Ndongo Bidyogo.
ILE FUNTÓW NA FĀRSALA? MIARY I WAGI STOSOWANE W HANDLU ZANZIBARSKIM W OKRESIE 1830–1888
Authors: Pawełczak Marek
Published: February 2020

How Many Pounds per Fārsala? Measures and Weights
used in Zanzibar Trade in the Period 1830–1888
The article concerns the system of measures and weights used in the Sultanate of Zanzibar, mainly in the international port of Zanzibar in the years 1830-1888. The system
was used in the trade between local, Arab, Indian and Western merchants. It drew from
various traditions. In a relatively short time, after a period of standard negotiation between merchants and state offi cials, this eclectic system was, to some extent, embedded in the English tradition based on an ounce, pound and yard. While the measures of
volume have retained their local character and have not been converted into European
units, they have also been globalised through their weight equivalents. The author considers
the Zanzibar system of measures and weights in a political and economic context.
At the same time, he believes that the key to understanding the process of creating
the Zanzibar system of measures and weights is to understand how it was conceptualised
by the Western, and also indirectly local recipients.
Captura, tratamiento y reutilización de agua gris y de lluvia en residencia unifamiliar
Authors: Monteiro Otávio Pinetti , Lima Gemael Barbosa
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de esta obra es presentar una revisión bibliográfica, cuyo tema es la reutilización del agua por la lluvia, así como la reutilización de aguas grises en una residencia unifamiliar. Para ello, la metodología constituye una búsqueda de información en libros, revistas, artículos, tesis de maestría y tesis doctorales. Reutilizar conscientemente, formas de capturar agua de una residencia, ya sea a partir de la lluvia que cae sobre las canaletas o utilizada en los métodos de captura en los fregaderos de la cocina y / o tanques de áreas de servicio que recibirán el tratamiento necesario y serán reutilizados. Estos tratamientos actúan de manera eficiente y proporcionan el uso de esta agua para fines menos nobles que hace que el consumo sea más racional y económico, cooperando para el mantenimiento de los recursos ambientales.

Palabras clave: Agua, reutilización, captura, tratamiento, residencia.
Atividades dos Monitores de Anatomia da Abeu Centro Universitário de Belford Roxo/RJ—Relato de Experiência
Authors: Cardinot Themis Moura
Published: February 2020

A Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional instituiu que a educação no Brasil tem por finalidade o pleno desenvolvimento do educando, preparando-o para o exercício da cidadania e qualificando-o para o trabalho. O art. 84 da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases determina que os discentes da educação superior possam ser aproveitados em tarefas de ensino e pesquisa, podendo exercer funções de monitoria, ficando delegada às Instituições de Ensino Superior a normatização de suas atividades. O programa de monitoria oferece ao aluno-monitor uma oportunidade de aprendizagem através de atividades didático-pedagógicas e de atividades práticas. O objetivo desse artigo foi relatar minha experiência como professora-tutora da disciplina de anatomia humana e descrever as atividades dos alunos-monitores durante os anos de 2008 a 2010. O processo seletivo para a função de monitor foi constituído de uma prova teórica e outra prática. Os monitores cumpriram uma carga horária de quatro horas semanais. Dois trabalhos científicos foram desenvolvidos pelos monitores e apresentados em congressos nacionais; e três artigos científicos foram publicados em periódicos nacionais. Neste relato de experiência, observou-se que a disciplina de anatomia humana por meio de suas atividades de monitoria ofereceu uma oportunidade única de aprimoramento didático-científico aos alunos selecionados à função de monitor. A experiência como monitor proporcionou a esses alunos crescimento e amadurecimento profissional e pessoal. Três desses monitores se pós-graduaram em anatomia humana, dois concluíram o mestrado e atualmente dois são professores de anatomia humana em IES privadas e um é professor em cursos de ensino técnico no Rio de Janeiro.

Palavras-chave: Monitoria, tutores, anatomia, ensino, aprendizagem.