bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) in Adult: A Rare Case in Rural Area
Authors: Pramanasari Indra
Published: February 2023

Highlight:

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is an uncommon neurological disease defined as cerebral hemiatrophy with a contralateral motor deficit, facial asymmetry, and seizures.
The proper diagnosis and early causative treatment significantly improve the outcome of thee disease.

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) could be a rare neurological disorder characterized by cerebral hemiatrophy and an engine shortfall on the contralateral side of the body. Furthermore, facial asymmetry and seizures are common symptoms. Classic imaging findings in individuals with DDMS are ventriculomegaly, cerebral hypoplasia, paranasal sinus hyperpneumatization, and compensatory osseous broadening. The relationship between symptoms and imaging findings is used to determine DDMS. Case: A 46-year-old female patient arrived at the hospital with an inability to speak three days before admission, refused to eat or drink, and had a fever. She also had a slanted mouth and right-sided hemiparesis with a history of seizures. A firm boundary consolidation on the right pericardium was found on the chest X-ray, suggesting pulmonary TB. On a non-contrast head CT scan, thickening of the left hemicalvaria was found, accompanied by a widening of the left frontal-ethmoidal sinus, hyperpneumatization of the left mastoid air cell, and left cerebral hemiatrophy, all accompanied by left lateral ventricular dilatation. Conclusion: The proper diagnosis and early causative treatment significantly improve the outcome of the disease.
Dendritic Cells as Adjuvant Therapy to Decrease Mortality for Glioblastoma Patients: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rahmaditta Allyssa , Monica Ervin
Published: February 2023

Highlight:

Dendritic cells (DC) are one type of immune therapy that is being explored to improve treatment effectiveness in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
DC was predicted to improve survival rates in GBM patients within 3 years.
Effects of DC in the fifth year need to be explored to prove their. effectiveness in increasing the GBM survival rate.

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary neoplasm of the central nervous system with a low survival rate, requiring more effective treatment to improve long-term survival. Dendritic cell (DC) therapy is expected to reduce tumor progressivity. Obective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to analyze the administration of DC in reducing mortality in GBM patients. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using the PRISMA method through the Embase database, PubMed, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register for relevant studies between giving DC to GBM patients with conventional therapy on the number of living patients compared to controls. Article quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and statistically analyzed using RevMan 5.4. Results: Of the 14 articles, the rates of reduction in the probability of death during the first three years after initiation of therapy were 26%, 36%, and 38%, respectively [1st-y HR: 0.74 (0.57-0.95), I2: 15%, p=0.02; 2nd-y HR: 0.64 (0.51-0.81), I2: 14%, p=0.0002; 3rd-y HR: 0.62 (0.48-0.81), I2: 0%, p=0.0004]. However, there was no difference after 5 years [HR 0.81 (0.62-1.06), I2: 0%, p=0.13].  Conclusion: The DC vaccine reduces the likelihood of death in the early years of therapy but has not been proven for long-term therapy.
Hemorrhagic Wallenberg Syndrome Accompanied by Horner Syndrome at Young Age
Authors: I Imran , Fadhila Lailatul
Published: February 2023

Highlight:

Wallenberg syndrome caused by medulla oblongata hemorrhage with good functional outcome.
Wallenberg syndrome is accompanied by Horner's syndrome, which occurs at a young age.
In patients with Wallenberg syndrom, conservative management and medical rehabilitation are used.

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Wallenberg syndrome is a rare syndrome involving the medulla oblongata, an uncommon hemorrhage site. It is also known as lateral medullary syndrome or posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome. Wallenberg syndrome has several symptoms that can be divided into vestibulo-cerebellar, bulbar, autonomic, sensory, and atypical. Case: A 27-year-old man came to the emergency unit complaining of dizziness and swinging, as well as a left eyelid that did not open completely, a lack of sweat on the left side of the face, a hoarse voice, swallowing disturbances, hiccups, decreased hearing in the left ear, and a lack of sensation on the left side of the face and the right side of the body. The patient tended to fall to the left and was unsteady when standing. Physical examination revealed Horner syndrome, bidirectional nystagmus, left dysdiadochokinesia, and left ataxia. A CT scan of the head showed a left-sided medulla oblongata hemorrhage. The patient was given conservative therapy, feeding through a nasogastric tube, and medical rehabilitation. A repeat CT scan of the head was done one week later, and it was discovered that the hemorrhage in the medulla oblongata had begun to absorb. Conclusion: Wallenberg syndrome, with a manifestation of hemorrhagic stroke in the medulla oblongata, can occur at a young age with various clinical symptoms. The diagnosis of Wallenberg syndrome is made based on clinical symptoms and imaging findings. Conservative therapy using medicines and medical rehabilitation can provide a speedy recovery. An incorrect diagnosis is a major hazard to patient safety and can have serious consequences, including permanent disability or death.
Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) Classification and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Value Tendency Based on Cerebral Glioma Grading in Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in 2016-2020
Authors: Kurniawan Komang Wahyu , Utomo Sri Andreani , Wahyuhadi Joni
Published: February 2023

Highlight:

Many studies conclude that the prognosis of gliomas can be determined using the DWI sequence and ADC value on MRI
The correlation between DWI and ADC values with glioma grading is related to tumor cellularity, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and extracellular space, which affect the movement of water molecules.

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Glioma grading is crucial to know its prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used as a preoperative examination that contains diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences confirmed by an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value that helps assess tissue based on water diffusion. Objective: To prove the relationship between DWI and ADC values with cerebral glioma grading in patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in 2016—2020. Methods: This retrospective study collected medical records and MRI files in DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) format. Gender, age, tumor histopathology, and glioma grading were collected. DWI and ADC values were obtained using the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer application. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship of DWI with glioma grading, and the spearman rank test was used to analyze the relationship of ADC value with glioma grading. Results: The majority of 35 patients were male (54.3%), aged 31–40 years old (22.9%), and the most common histopathology was glioblastoma (37.1%), WHO grade IV. On DWI, most low-grade glioma (LGG) patients showed unrestricted diffusion, and most high-grade glioma (HGG) patients showed restricted diffusion. The ADC value of HGG was lower than the ADC value of LGG. Statistical tests showed a relationship between DWI and glioma grading (p<0.05) and a relationship between the ADC value and glioma grading (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a relationship between DWI and ADC with glioma grading in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital patients for the period 2016—2020
The Effect of Eco-Enzyme Spraying on Suwung Landfill Waste, Denpasar, on Changes in Leachate Characteristics
Authors: I Nengah Muliarta  , I Dewa Nyoman Sudita  , Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Bali, as an international tourist destination, is still experiencing problems in waste management. Suwung Landfill, Denpasar, is one of the landfills for waste originating from the Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, and Tabanan (Sarbagita) areas. Methods: This research was an experimental study, by watering eco-enzymes on garbage heaps and examining changes in leachate parameters. Watering was carried out daily at a dose of 1 L of eco-enzyme dissolved in 1000 L of water and used for watering a garbage pile of 1 ha. The area of piles of garbage watered with eco-enzymes reaches 5 ha. Measured leachate parameters include pH, BOD, COD, TSS, N, cadmium, and mercury. Results and Discussion: Eco-enzymes have the potential to become activators or decomposers in waste composting. The evidence is that eco-enzyme watering causes the average leachate temperature to range from 36.63 to 40.370C, where the increase in leachate temperature occurs due to the rise in the temperature of the garbage pile. An increase in temperature characterizes the activity of microbes increases, so the decomposition process becomes rapid. Conclusion: Eco-enzyme spraying leads to a characteristic change in the form of an increase in the value of leachate parameters. The increase in temperature value, pH, BOD, COD, and N content of leachate indicates that environmentally friendly enzymes accelerate the decomposition of organic matter. The rapid decomposition process causes the total suspended density of leachate to increase.
Exploring future changes in synchrony between grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and its major insect pest, Lobesia botrana
Authors: Castex Victorine , García de Cortázar-Atauri Iñaki , Beniston Martin , Moreau Jérôme , Semenov Mikhail , Stoffel Markus , Calanca Pierluigi
Published: February 2023

The European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana) is one of the major pests of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) in Europe. The phenology of both the insect pest and the plant has already changed over the last decades in response to rising temperatures, with a tendency towards an earlier development. The impact of a warming climate, among other factors, could alter matches in phenology between two trophic levels, being either beneficial or detrimental to V. vinifera. As a consequence, when considering a European latitudinal transect, the changes toward synchrony or a mismatch are not fully understood. In this study, we applied the results of sequential models to simulate the phenological development of V. vinifera from dormancy to physiological maturity of Chardonnay or a similar grape variety. Likewise, we simulated the phenology of L. botrana with a process-based voltinism model. Both models were calibrated and validated in previous studies. The present study aims at simulating the future evolution of both trophic levels under changing climatic conditions at four representative European locations by using quasi-transient climate scenarios up to the year 2100 that consider the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 greenhouse-gas forcing pathways. Although some physiological adaptations could alter these results, simulations of synchrony under climate change are crucial for the adaptation of grape cultivation and varieties. This modelling work seeks to improve our understanding of the probable shifts in the timing and spatial distribution of the plant-insect interactions in a warmer climate and how this may impact their synchrony. A risk index of damage has been implemented for the different sites and greenhouse gas forcing trajectories. Results suggest an increasing damage risk for V. vinifera close to the timing of harvests in northern Europe. They also point to increasing mortality rates of the fourth generation of L. botrana in southern Europe, where temperatures will increasingly reach the upper thermal limit for insect development.
Les multiples services écosystémiques rendus par les infrastructures agro-écologiques : favoriser la qualité de l’eau et la biodiversité
Authors: TERMEAU Noémie
Published: February 2023

Dans ce focus, l’auteure a recueilli les propos d’Émilie Cailleaud, chargée de mission Eau-Environnement à la Chambre d’agriculture des Pays de la Loire. Ce témoignage met en lumière diverses actions portées par la Chambre d’agriculture pour accompagner des projets de création ou d’entretien d’infrastructures agroécologiques auprès des agriculteurs, en vue notamment d’améliorer la qualité de l’eau à l’échelle de la région.
Comment accompagner le développement d’agricultures favorables aux infrastructures agroécologiques sur le territoire ?
Authors: TERMEAU Noémie
Published: February 2023

Certaines catégories de zones humides sont qualifiées d’infrastructures agroécologiques. C’est le cas par exemple des prairies humides gérées de façon extensive pour le pâturage. Compte tenu de leur mission d’appui et de conseil auprès des exploitants, les auteures issues des chambres d’agriculture ont recueilli le témoignage de trois professionnels agricoles sur différents territoires qui montrent la complexité et la diversité des enjeux liés à la préservation de ces milieux naturels par l’activité agricole.
SL(2, C) Scheme Processing of Singularities in Quantum Computing and Genetics
Authors: Planat Michel , Amaral Marcelo , Chester David , Irwin Klee
Published: February 2023

Revealing the time structure of physical or biological objects is usually performed thanks to the tools of signal processing like the fast Fourier transform, Ramanujan sum signal processing and many other techniques. For space-time topological objects in physics and biology, we propose a type of algebraic processing based on schemes in which the discrimination of singularities within objects is based on the space-time-spin group SL(2,C). Such topological objects possess an homotopy structure encoded in their fundamental group and the related SL(2,C) multivariate polynomial character variety contains a plethora of singularities somehow analogous to the frequency spectrum in time structures. Our approach is applied to an Akbulut cork in exotic R4, to an hyperbolic model of topological quantum computing based on algebraic surfaces and to microRNAs in genetics. Such diverse topics reveal the manifold of possibilities of using the concept of a scheme spectrum.
Plant Polyphenol Gossypol Induced Cell Death and Its Associ-ation with Gene Expression in Mouse Macrophages
Authors: Cao Heping , Sethumadhavan Kandan
Published: February 2023

Gossypol is a complex plant polyphenol reported to be cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory, but little was known about its effect on gene expression in macrophages. The objective was to explore gossypol’s toxicity and its effect on gene expression involved in inflammatory responses, glucose transport and insulin signaling pathway in mouse macrophages. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with multiple concentrations of gossypol for 2-24 h. Gossypol toxicity was estimated by MTT assay and soluble protein content. qPCR analyzed the expression of anti-inflammatory tristetraprolin family (TTP/ZFP36), proinflammatory cytokine, glucose transporter (GLUT) and insulin signaling genes. Cell viability was greatly reduced by gossypol, accompanied with dra-matic reduction of soluble protein content in the cells. Gossypol treatment resulted in an increase of TTP mRNA level 6-20 fold and increased ZFP36L1, ZFP36L2 and ZFP36L3 mRNA levels by 26-69 fold. Gossypol increased proinflammatory cytokine TNF, COX2, GM-CSF, INFγ and IL12b mRNA levels up to 39-458 fold. Gossypol treatment upregulated mRNA levels of GLUT1, GLUT3 and GLUT4 genes as well as INSR, AKT1, PIK3R1 and LEPR but not APP genes. This study demonstrated that gossypol induced macrophage death and reduced soluble protein content that was accom-panied with massive stimulation of anti-inflammatory TTP family and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression as well as elevation of gene expression involved in glucose transport and insulin signaling pathway in mouse macrophages.
dbs: Stata Command to Compute Double Bootstrap Confidence Intervals
Authors: Bittmann Felix
Published: February 2023

Bootstrapping is a flexible, powerful and well-established statistical approach to quantify the uncertainty of virtually any point estimate. While multiple versions of bootstrap confidence intervals are already available in Stata, dbs implements the double (iterated) bootstrap. Instead of relying on parametric assumptions such as the non-parametric resampling bootstrap confidence interval does, it is more flexible and derives critical values directly from that data. To do so, multiple methods are available (analytic approach, double resampling, jackknife estimation). In a comparative simulation study it is empirically demonstrated that the strengths of the double bootstrap are particularly evident for small samples (n < 100) when heteroscedasticity is present. While all other approaches result in undercoverage, only the double bootstrap reaches the target coverage level and hence avoids incorrect statistical conclusions. The computational burden is not even necessarily larger than for other bootstrap approaches.
Surgical Informed Consent in Elective Pediatric Surgery: Medical Inadequacy or Parental Scotomization?
Authors: Stefani Bianca , Codrich Daniela , Caputo Maria Rita , Guida Edoardo , Scarpa Maria-Grazia , Boscarelli Alessandro , Schleef Jurgen
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate parents’/guardians’ late recall of surgical procedures and risks of elective surgery after pre-operative interview with surgeons. Materials and Methods: All parents/guardians of patients <18 years of age undergoing elective procedures from January 15th to September 1st, 2022, were prospectively enrolled in the study. Before discharge, parents/guardians were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding the duration of the consent procedure, duration of the interview, quality of the informative handouts, and their ability to recall the type of disease, type of surgical procedure, and surgical risks. Answers were graded from 1 to 4. Results: One hundred and two questionnaires were returned. In all cases, informed consent was obtained between 24 and 72 hours prior to surgery. The following responses were collected: 98/102 (96%) parents/guardians reported that the duration of the consent process was adequate; 95/102 (93%) reported that the handouts were fully informative, and 7/102 (7%) reported that they were partially informative regarding explanation of the disease and surgical procedure; regarding complications, 93/102 (91%) perceived the handouts to be fully/partially informative, while 4/102 (4%) perceived the handouts to be poorly/non-informative, and 5/102 (5%) did not provide a response; 94/102 (92%) stated that they remembered the pathology, but only 87/94 (93%) recalled it correctly; 90/102 (88%) stated that they remembered the type of procedure, but only 76/90 (84%) recalled it correctly; and 53/102 (52%) stated that they remembered the surgical risks, but only 20/53 (38%) could recall more than one complication. Conclusions: Late recall of surgical complications by parents was poor despite the high perceived quality of the surgical risk handouts and medical interview.
Intrusion Detection using Tripwire in UNIX Operating System
Authors: Javed Muhammad Saqib
Published: February 2023

This paper outlines the detection procedure of intrusion as provided by Tripwire tool along-with the enhancement to be made in design and implementation to achieve the optimum performance level of Tripwire. It operates on effective and swift performance mechanism in order to report the system admin about the possible intrusion detected in the system with security assurance in cutting edge computer structures, which is very important in order to provide the integrity and reliability of information. In order to deal with this emerging issue in the historical research, the basic level of security is provided in the system by making enhancement in the existing tripwire tool for UNIX file system. The proposed methodological working of tripwire makes it more effective by adopting reliable and instantaneous mechanism to deal with specifically anomalies and unwanted access in the UNIX file system.
From Science Fiction to Reality: An Insight into the Metaverse and its Evolving Ecosystem
Authors: Ali Syed Adnan , Khan Rehan
Published: February 2023

The concept of a metaverse, a shared virtual space that brings together the physical and digital worlds, has been a topic of interest for decades. With recent advancements in technology, particularly in virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and blockchain, the metaverse has become a rapidly evolving and promising ecosystem. This paper provides a review of the metaverse, exploring its history, evolution, and current state of development. The paper delves into the different types of the metaverse, including fully immersive VR metaverses, hybrid metaverses that blend the physical and virtual worlds, and decentralized metaverses that are powered by blockchain. Additionally, the paper examines the impact of web 3.0 on the metaverse, as well as the various technologies used to create and sustain the metaverse, including VR, AR, and blockchain. Furthermore, the paper explores the concept of digital ownership and the potential for marketing and commerce within the metaverse. This paper serves as a review of the metaverse and its various components, providing insights into its history, development, and prospects, and is intended to provide a foundation for further research into this exciting and rapidly evolving ecosystem.
The Brain Overwork Scale: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study on the Psychometric Properties of a New 10-Item Scale Assessing Mental Distress
Authors: Lkhagvasuren Battuvshin , Hiramoto Tetsuya , Tumurbaatar Enkhnaran , Bat-Erdene Enkhjin , Tumur-Ochir Gantsetseg , Viswanath Vijay , Corrigan Joshua , Jadamba Tsolmon
Published: February 2023

Abstract: (1) Background: We hypothesized measuring the extent of brain overwork can extrapolate the burden of mental distress. This study aimed to develop a scale that measures mental distress and validate it in the general population. (2) Methods: In this population-based cross-sectional study, we recruited a total of 739 adults aged 16-65 years from 64 sampling centers of a clinical cohort across Mongolia to validate a 10-item self-report questionnaire. Internal consistency was measured using the McDonald’s ω. Test-retest reliability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients. Construct and convergent validities were examined using the principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to evaluate the criterion validity. (3) Results: Among the participants, 70.9% were women, 22% held a bachelor's degree or higher, 38.8% were employed, and 66% were married. The overall McDonald’s ω coefficient was 0.861 demonstrating evidence of excellent internal consistency. The total intraclass correlation coefficient of the test-retest analysis was 0.75, indicating moderate external reliability. PCA and CFA established a three-domain structure that provided an excellent fit to the data (RMSEA=0.033, TLI=0.984, CFI=0.989, χ2=58, p=0.003). This 10-item scale, the Brain Overwork Scale (BOS-10), determines mental distress in three dimensions: Excessive Thinking, Hypersensitivity, and Restless Behavior. All items had higher item-total correlations with their corresponding domain than the other domains, and correlations between the domain scores ranged from 0.547–0.615. The BOS-10 correlated with the HADS, whereas it was inversely correlated with the WHOQOL-BREF. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that the BOS-10 is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing mental distress in the general population. The current findings also demonstrate that the BOS-10 is quantitative, simple, and applicable for large-group testing.
Branching Random Walks with One Particle Generation Center and Possible Absorption at Every Point
Authors: Filichkina Elena , Yarovaya Elena
Published: February 2023

We consider a new model of a branching random walk on a multidimensional lattice with continuous time and one source of particle reproduction and death, as well as an infinite number of sources in which, in addition to the walk, only absorption of particles can occur. The asymptotic behavior of the integer moments of both the total number of particles and the number of particles at a lattice point is studied depending on the relationship between the model parameters. In the case of the existence of an isolated positive eigenvalue of the evolution operator of the average number of particles, a limit theorem is obtained on the exponential growth of both the total number of particles and the number of particles at a lattice point.
Radiometric Terrain Flattening of Geocoded Stacks of SAR Imagery
Authors: Agram Piyush S , Warren Michael S , Arko Scott A , Calef Matthew T
Published: February 2023

We describe an efficient approach to radiometrically flatten geocoded stacks of calibrated synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for terrain-related effects. We use simulation to demonstrate that, for the Sentinel-1 mission, one static radiometric terrain flattening factor derived from actual SAR imaging metadata per imaging geometry is sufficient for flattening interferometrically compliant stacks of SAR data. We quantify the loss of precision due to application of static flattening factors, and show that these are well below stated requirements of change detection algorithms. Finally, we discuss the implications of applying radiometric terrain flattening to geocoded SAR data instead of the traditional approach of flattening data provided in the original SAR image geometry. The proposed approach allows for efficient and consistent generation of five different Committee of Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Analysis Ready Dataset (ARD) families - Geocoded Single Look Complex (GSLC), Interferometric Radar (InSAR), Normalized Radar Backscatter (NRB), Polarimetric Radar (POL) and Ocean Radar Backscatter (ORB) from SAR missions in a common framework.
Review of Lipid Metabolic Pathways and Calcium Signaling in the Apicomplexan Families and their Importance in Drug Discovery
Authors: Ayariga Joseph A. , Ibrahim Iddrisu , Syamala Soumyakrishnan , Abugri Daniel , Abugri James
Published: February 2023

Calcium signaling and lipid metabolism are crucial in the infection processes of Apicomplexans parasites. Thus, enzymes involved in these processes can be drug targets against Apicomplexans. For example, in malaria infection, in-depth research into lipid metabolic pathways is crucial in understanding the parasite's infection cycle, particularly during its erythrocytic infection cycle, which has been demonstrated to be a critical stage during the disease progression. Most enzymes that play critical roles in lipid synthesis and calcium signaling have been extensively studied; nonetheless, a vast knowledge gap still exists, especially on specific enzymes and their roles in the transmission and progression of the Apicomplexan parasites. Many types of infections caused by Apicomplexans are life-threatening and hard to treat. These intracellular parasites proliferate within parasitophorous vacuoles in their host cells. As the parasites multiply, they need to meet their high demand for nutrients such as amino acids and lipids. They can acquire nutrients through scavenging and biosynthesis. This review summarizes a few interesting, unique pathways in selected Apicomplexa and how such unique pathways can be targets for drugs.
Educação empreendedora em uma instituição de educação superior brasileira: caminhos para o seu desenvolvimento
Authors: Bruschi Giovana Fernanda Justino , Kampff Adriana  Justin Cerveira , Casartelli Alam de Oliveira
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, cujo objetivo é caracterizar a Educação Empreendedora (EE), além de identificar elementos relacionados presentes no planejamento e nas ações da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). São citados autores como Dolabela (2003, 2004), Guerra e Grazzotin (2010), Lopes (2010), entre outros. Dolabela (2008) um dos expoentes nessa temática afirma que o sonho é o combustível que irá impulsionar as habilidades, as capacidades, as competências e os conhecimentos necessários para que o indivíduo possa transformá-lo em realidade. O processo de construção do sujeito empreendedor, a partir dos seus sonhos, deve ser acompanhado e estimulado pelos docentes, com metodologias adequadas. A pesquisa documental na PUCRS permitiu identificar eixos do planejamento estratégico relacionados à formação integral dos estudantes, bem como à inovação e ao empreendedorismo, presentes nos documentos do Planejamento Estratégico (PE) e do Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI). A EE está transversalizada em diversas ações, que interligam as Escolas, o Parque Tecnológico e o IDEAR – Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Empreendedorismo e Inovação. O IDEAR, especificamente, fomenta e sensibiliza alunos, professores e a comunidade para o empreendedorismo e a atitude empreendedora como fatores de transformação social. Os resultados evidenciaram a disseminação dessa cultura, já que os caminhos traçados contabilizaram, em 2020, 4216 participantes envolvidos em atividades no IDEAR. Essas ações oportunizam aos participantes colocar suas ideias em prática e retratam que a Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) está focada no desenvolvimento de cidadãos propositivos e com competências transversais, capazes de transformar ideias em projetos reais.
Impacto orçamentário da incorporação do rituximabe para o tratamento de leucemia linfocítica crônica no SUS
Authors: Matos Rafael , Alvares-Teodoro Juliana
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: O presente estudo objetiva desenvolver um modelo de análise de impacto orçamentário (AIO) relacionada à incorporação do rituximabe no tratamento de primeira linha da leucemia linfocítica crônica (LLC) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: A elaboração da AIO foi realizada de acordo com as recomendações metodológicas das diretrizes brasileiras, considerando a perspectiva do SUS, horizonte temporal de cinco anos, população a ser tratada, diferentes cenários de market share do rituximabe e custos diretos envolvidos no tratamento atual e no tratamento proposto, e também foi executada uma análise de sensibilidade para avaliar possíveis incertezas futuras. Resultados: A cada ano e ao final do horizonte temporal de cinco anos, a incorporação do rituximabe promoverá aumento dos custos, quando comparado com o valor de ressarcimento do SUS para o tratamento de primeira linha da LLC. No cenário de maior participação de mercado do rituximabe, os custos totais foram menores em relação ao cenário de menor market share. Dado que a estimativa da AIO é para gastos futuros, incertezas relacionadas como a possível elevação do custo do medicamento foi o fator que promoveu o cenário de maiores gastos. Conclusões: A projeção de custos estimados pela AIO demonstrou menores gastos financeiros no cenário de maior difusão do medicamento, o que pode ter correlação com o atraso da progressão da doença ao utilizar o rituximabe, e consequentemente menos pacientes irão requerer segunda linha de tratamento, que tem custo mais elevado.
Life Cycle impacts assessment of two gold extraction systems in Colombia: Open-pit and alluvial mining
Authors: Londoño Natalia Cano , Capaz Rafael Silva , Hasenstab Christian , Velásquez Héctor I. , McIntyre Neil R. , Corder Glen D. , Posada John A.
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Gold mining has historically and significantly contributed to the Colombian economy. Gold extraction in Colombia is mainly done through two techniques: open-pit and alluvial mining. In this study, the environmental impacts of both these mining systems were analyzed using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework, including identification of the system components that contribute most to impacts.

Methods

Inventory data were obtained for two medium-scale mines1 in Colombia, one representing the open pit method and the other the alluvial method. Environmental impacts were classified and characterized by mid-point impact categories and further aggregated into end-point indicators through the ReCiPe (v. 1.11) methodology, which uses a hierarchist perspective.

Results

Results for end-point indicators show that the open-pit mining presents higher values in the Human Health damage category, influenced primarily by tailings and by the excavation process. For the alluvial mining, the overall impacts were an order of magnitude lower, with Ecosystem Quality as the most significant contributor due to the stripping of soil and vegetation. In the case of mid-point indicators, freshwater and marine ecotoxicity contribute the most to open-pit mining, while for alluvial mining, metal depletion and natural land transformation contribute the most. Climate change is also a significant impact category for alluvial and open-pit mining.

Conclusions

The is a substantial difference in environmental impacts between the two mining systems: the quantified total environmental impact was 1.0 x 1004 points for the open-pit mine and 2.4 x 1003 points for the alluvial mine. Since these mines represent specific Colombian operational conditions, this conclusion cannot be confidently extended to other operational contexts while. For example, results in other cases may depend on the local geological features and natural environment conditions. Knowing the critical mining supply chain stages for environmental performance will allow the decision-makers to provide the tools for more sustainable extraction and production.
1 The Colombian mining classification lies on small, medium, and big scale based on the number of hectares granted in the mining concession: small (≤150 ha), medium (≥150 ha, ≤5000 ha), big (≥ 5000 ha, ≤10000) or according with the volume of the maximum annual mining production small (≤250000 m3/year), medium (≥250000 m3/year, ≤1300000 m3/year), big (1300000≥m3/year), and not on the number of workers (Código de Minas, Ley 685 DE 2001, 2001)
Long-term Physical Activity Decreased the Risk of New-onset Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Pre-hypertension: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Jianmei , Lv Xiaoling , Zhou Rongfang , Wang Bozhong , Wu Qing
Published: February 2023

Purpose This study was aimed to determine the impact of long-term physical activity (PA) on the risk of new-onset hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with pre-hypertension.
Methods A total of 268 T2DM patients with pre-hypertension were recruited between January and December 2015, and followed them up until December 2020. All patients were took PA self-assessment. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiologic, treatments, complications, lifestyle and clinical outcomes data were extracted from electronic medical records or collected through a structured interview.
Results During 5 year follow-up, the prevalence of new-onset hypertension was significantly lower in PA group (15.5% vs 35.4%, p<0.01) when compared to the physical inactivity (PIA) group. Logistic regression analysis showed that PA (OR 0.337, 95%CI 0.168 to 0.677, p<0.01), body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.138, 95%CI 1.019 to 1.272, p<0.05) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) (OR 1.206, 95%CI 1.006 to 1.446, p<0.05) were associated to the prevalence of new-onset hypertension in pre-hypertensive T2DM patients. Subgroup analysis found that for those overweight and poorly controlled pre-hypertensive T2DM patients, long-term PA were less likely to develop hypertension (overweight: OR 0.187, 95%CI 0.063 to 0.558, p<0.01; glycaemic glucose poor controlled: OR 0.349, 95%CI 0.138 to 0.880, p<0.05).
Conclusion These results suggested that long-term PA might be an important protective factor for new-onset hypertension in overweight and poor blood glycaemic controlled pre-hypertensive T2DM patients.
Trial registration at https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/login (MR-33-22-021256, 30/11/2022)
Maternal Age at Childbirth and the Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disability in Offspring
Authors: Gao Ling , Li Songtao , Yue Yulin , Long Guangfeng
Published: February 2023

Background: Studies have shown that young maternal age at childbirth can increase the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring, but a study of the U.S. population has not been reported. Moreover, there is no reported research on young and advanced maternal age at childbirth and whether it can contribute to the risk of learning disability (LD) in offspring.
Methods: This study evaluated the association between young and advanced maternal age at childbirth and offspring risk of ADHD and LD in the U.S. population. Using data from 8,098 participants included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in 1999–2004, we analyzed the association between maternal age at childbirth and ADHD and LD risk in offspring. Oddsratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal age at childbirth in association with ADHD and LD risk in offspring were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models after adjustment for age, sex, race, body massindex (BMI), poverty income ratio, smoking status during pregnancy, and NHANES cycle. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to evaluate potential nonlinear relationships. Sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the reliability of the results.
Results: Among all participants, the offspring of subjects with a maternal age at childbirth of 18–24 years had an increased risk of ADHD (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.79) and LD (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.79) or either ADHD or LD (OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.81). Additionally, compared with subjects with a maternal age at childbirth of 25–29 years, subjects with a maternal age at childbirth of 35–39 years had lower odds of having offspring with ADHD (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.00) and higher odds of having offspring with LD (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.78). The relationship between maternal age at childbirth and LD risk presented a U-shaped curve.
Conclusions: These results provide epidemiological evidence showing that young and advanced maternal age at childbirth are associated with ADHD and LD risk.
Economically viable electrocatalytic ethylene production with high yield and selectivity
Authors: Zhao Bo-Hang , Chen Fanpeng , Wang Mengke , Cheng Chuanqi , Wu Yongmeng , Liu Cuibo , Yu Yifu , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2023

Electrocatalytic semihydrogenation of acetylene provides a clean pathway to produce ethylene (C2H4), one of the most widely used petrochemical feedstocks, but its performance is still well below that of the thermocatalytic route, leaving its practical feasibility questionable. Here our techno-economic analysis shows that this process becomes profitable if the Faraday efficiency (FE) exceeds 85% at a current density of 0.2 A cm−2. As a result, we design a Cu nanoparticle catalyst with coordinatively unsaturated sites to steer the reaction towards these targets. Remarkably, our electrocatalyst synthesized on gas diffusion layer-coated carbon paper enables a high C2H4 yield rate of 70.15 mmol mg−1 h−1 and a FE of 97.7% at an industrially relevant current density of 0.5 A cm−2. Combined characterizations and calculations reveal that such performance can be attributed to a favorable combination of a higher energy barrier for coupling of active hydrogen atoms (H*) and weak absorption of *C2H4. The former serves to suppress the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction, whereas the latter avoids overhydrogenation and C-C coupling. Further life cycle assessment evidences the economic feasibility and sustainability of the process. Our work suggests a way towards rational design and manipulation of nanocatalysts that could find wider and greener catalytic applications.
Carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor S4 triggers immunogenic cell death in glioma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway
Authors: Cui Jing , Xu Huizhe , Shi Ji , Fang Kun , Liu Jia , Liu Feng , Chen Yi , Liang Haiyang , Zhang Ye , Piao Haozhe
Published: February 2023

Background Immunogenic cell death (ICD), which releases danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) that induce potent anticancer immune response, has emerged as a key component of therapy-induced anti-tumor immunity. The aim of this work was to analyze whether the carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor S4 can elicit ICD in glioma cells.
Methods The effects of S4 on glioma cell growth were evaluated using the CCK-8, clonogenic and sphere assays. Glioma cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Surface-exposed calreticulin (CRT) was inspected by confocal imaging. The supernatants of S4-treated cells were concentrated for the determination of HMGB1and HSP70/90 expression by immunoblotting. RNA-seq was performed to compare gene expression profiles between S4-treated and control cells. Pharmacological inhibition of apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was achieved by inhibitors. In vivo effects of S4 were evaluated in glioma xenografts. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to stain Ki67 and CRT.
Results S4 significantly decreased the viability of glioma cells and induced apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, S4 triggered CRT exposure and the release of HMGB1 and HSP70/90. Inhibition of either apoptosis or autophagy significantly reversed S4-induced release of DAMP molecules. RNA-seq analysis indicated that the ER stress pathway was deregulated upon exposure to S4. Both PERK-eIF2α and IRE1α- XBP1 axis were activated in S4-treated cells. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of PERK significantly suppressed S4-triggered ICD markers and autophagy. In glioma xerografts, S4 significantly reduced tumor growth.
Conclusions Altogether, these findings suggest S4 as a novel ICD inducer in glioma and might have implications for S4-based immunotherapy.
SSD with Multi-scale feature Fusion and Attention mechanism
Authors: Zeng Zhigao , Dong Lijun , Liu Qiang , Zhu Wenqiu , Zhu Yanhui , Meng Chen
Published: February 2023

In the Internet of Things, image acquisition equipment is very important, which will generate lots of invalid data when monitoring in real time. Analyzing the data collected from the terminal directly by edge calculation can remove invalid frames and improve the accuracy of system detection. SSD algorithm model is relatively light and fast detection speed. However, SSD algorithms don't take full advantage of both shallow and deep information, a multiscale feature fusion attention mechanism structure based on SSD algorithm was proposed in this paper, which combines the idea of multiscale feature fusion and attention mechanism. Improve the feature information expression ability by fusing adjacent feature layers for each detection layer. Then, add the attention mechanism to to improve the algorithm's attention to the feature map channels. The results of the experiment show that the optimized model detection accuracy is improved, which will greatly improve the reliability of edge calculation.
Single versus double blastocyst transfer in first and second frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle in advance-aged women: a two-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Yuxi , Ji Hui , Zhang Mianqiu , Zhang Juanjuan , Li Xin , Zhang Junqiang , Ling Xiufeng , Chen Li , Zhao Chun
Published: February 2023

Background
The present evidence is deficient for the trade-offs between the pros and cons of single blastocyst transfer (SBT) versus double blastocyst transfer (DBT) in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles for women in advanced reproductive age, especially in the second cycle. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of transferred blastocyst numbers on pregnancy outcomes in the first and second embryo transfer for women ≥ 35 years.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study including 1284 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer (FBT) cycles from two reproductive centers. We analyzed the pregnancy outcomes after SBT and DBT in the first and second FBT cycles. Moreover, stratified analysis was conducted by maternal age.
Results
In the first FBT cycle, the LBR was higher in DBT group than that in the SBT group [52.3% vs. 33.9%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–2.15, P < 0.001]. However, the LBR of the DBT group showed no remarkable difference compared with that of the SBT group in the second cycle of FBT (44.3% vs. 33.3%; aOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.81–2.08; P = 0.271). Furthermore, stratified analysis by age showed a higher LBR for the DBT group than the SBT group in patients aged 38–42 years (43.1% vs. 33.9%; aOR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.05–4.90; P = 0.036).
Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that the SBT regimen is the best choice for both, the first and second frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles, for women aged 35–37 years. Additionally, the DBT regimen is still recommended to achieve a high LBR in women aged 38–42 years in the second FBT cycle. These findings may be beneficial for deciding the embryo transfer regimens in women of advanced reproductive age.
Quality assessment of the Topo-Iberia CGPS stations and data quality's effects on ionosphere-free phase residuals
Authors: García-Armenteros Juan Antonio
Published: February 2023

GPS data from Topo-Iberia network spanning a period of almost 12 years (2008–2020) have been analyzed. Data quality information for all 26 Topo-Iberia stations is provided for the first time complementing the Spanish Geological Survey’s storage work. Analyses of data based on quality indicators obtained with TEQC have been carried out. Guidelines and data quality information from IGS stations have been taken as quality references. The results show that the Topo-Iberia stations have better or equal quality than more than half of IGS stations. The stations ALJI, EPCU, and TIOU stand out as the worst stations, and on the contrary FUEN, PALM, PILA, and TRIA meet the guidelines to become an IGS station. The relationship between GPS data quality and their GAMIT- and GipsyX-derived ionospheric-free phase residuals has also been studied, and the results reveal an inversely proportional relationship. It has been found that the stations showing an increase in elevation of the horizon line, also show an increase in cycle slips and multipath, are among the poorest quality stations, and among those with the highest root-mean-square of phase residuals. Moreover, the evolution of vegetation around the antenna should be considered as it could cause the progressive loss of quality, not complying with the IGS standards. The quality assessment carried out shows that the Topo-Iberia stations are appropriate for geodetic purposes, but a permanent monitoring would be necessary to avoid the least possible loss of data and quality.